cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On the Use of Large Language Models to Generate Capability Ontologies
Creators: name: da Silva, Luis Miguel Vieira
name: Köcher, Aljosha
name: Gehlhoff, Felix
name: Fay, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Capability ontologies are increasingly used to model functionalities of systems or machines. The creation of such ontological models with all properties and constraints of capabilities is very complex and can only be done by ontology experts. However, Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown that they can generate machine-interpretable models from natural language text input and thus support engineers / ontology experts. Therefore, this paper investigates how LLMs can be used to create capability ontologies. We present a study with a series of experiments in which capabilities with varying complexities are generated using different prompting techniques and with different LLMs. Errors in the generated ontologies are recorded and compared. To analyze the quality of the generated ontologies, a semi-automated approach based on RDF syntax checking, OWL reasoning, and SHACL constraints is used. The results of this study are very promising because even for complex capabilities, the generated ontologies are almost free of errors.
description: \c{opyright} 2024 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works
The informational nature of quantum mechanics: A novel look at the interference experiment
Creators: name: Mehrafarin, Mohammad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is argued that the nature of probability is essentially informational rather than physical and that quantum mechanical predictions should be viewed as logical inferences made on the basis of the information content of a given experimental situation. By implementing such a viewpoint, it is possible to maintain a sharp distinction between the physical and statistical aspects of quantum mechanics. The idea is applied to the double-beam interference experiment, reproducing the results of the standard formulation of quantum mechanics in a manner that renders the notion of wave-particle duality superfluous.
description: final version; accepted for publication in Found. Phys. Lett
QCD at finite isospin density: chiral perturbation theory confronts lattice data
Creators: name: Adhikari, Prabal
name: Andersen, Jens O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the thermodynamics of three-flavor QCD in the pion-condensed phase at nonzero isospin chemical potential ($μ_I$) and vanishing temperature using chiral perturbation theory in the isospin limit. The transition from the vacuum phase to a superfluid phase with a Bose-Einstein condensate of charged pions is shown to be second order and takes place at $μ_I=m_π$. We calculate the pressure, isospin density, and energy density to next-to-leading order in the low-energy expansion. Our results are compared with recent high-precision lattice simulations as well as previously obtained results in two-flavor chiral perturbation theory. The agreement between the lattice results and the predictions from three-flavor chiral perturbation theory is very good for $μ_I<200$ MeV. For larger values of $μ_I$, the agreement between lattice data and the two-flavor predictions is surprisingly good and better than with the three-flavor predictions. Finally, in the limit $m_{s}\gg m_{u}=m_{d}$, we show that the three-flavor observables reduce to the two-flavor observables with renormalized parameters. The disagreement between the results for two-flavor and three-flavor $χ$PT can largely be explained by the differences in the measured low-energy constants.
description: 8 pages and 4 figs. v2: Expanded discussion, in particular the matching between two- and three flavor couplings for large strange-quark masses. Matches published version
No Clear Link with Diet and AMI: A Case - Control Study of Risk Factors of Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients in Trinidad
Creators: name: Mandreker Bahall
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 119999 Medical and Health Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other medical sciences

description: Objectives: Dietary risk factors are considered a major determinant of coronary artery disease. However, dietary components resulting in IHD have been mixed and inconsistent. The aim of this study was to determine traditional and dietary risks for acute myocardial infarction. Methodology: This case control study was conducted at a public health care institute. Confirmed AMI cases were matched against hospitalised age and sex matched non-IHD patients. Data collected from face to face interviews were analysed using SPSS version 21. Descriptive and analytic analyses comprising Pearson’s chi squared test of association and conditional logistic regression were conducted. Results: Traditional risk factors such as ischemic heart disease, previous heart attack, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, family history of IHD, hypertension, obesity and higher waist circumference increased the odds of AMI. Exercising (less than 4 times a week), alcohol use (frequently) and smoking (frequently) showed significant associations. Overall, there was no association with diet and AMI. However, there were associations identified in certain subgroups with respect to diet and AMI. Predictors of AMI overall were ischemic heart disease, previous heart attack and hypercholesterolemia. Indo-Trinidadians who exercised less than 4 times per week and males who ate less than 3 servings per week had an increased likelihood of having an MI (1.908 times and twice as likely respectively) to have an AMI. Conclusion: Overall, there is no association of diet and AMI. Traditional risk factors still largely determine AMI.
Thricogena Rondani 1859
Creators: name: O'Hara, James E.
name: Cerretti, Pierfilippo
name: Pape, Thomas
name: Evenhuis, Neal L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tachinidae
Thricogena

description: 559. Thricogena Rondani, 1859b: 242.
 CURRENT STATUS: Unjustified emendation of Thrychogena Rondani, 1856; junior synonym of Loewia Egger, 1856. New synonymy.
FAMILY: TACHINIDAE.
 REMARKS: This is one of two original spellings (the other is Tricogena, page 84) in Rondani (1859b), both of which are eligible as emendations by virtue of similar spelling changes in two or more names from “y” to “i” in the same work; however, as both names are used for the same taxon (Thrychogena Rondani, 1856), they cannot both be emendations. Acting as First Reviser, we select Thricogena as the correct original spelling, which relegates Tricogena (q. v.) to unavailable name status. Thrychogena Rondani, 1856 is currently treated as a junior synonym of Loewia Egger, 1856 [teste Herting & Dely-Draskovits (1993: 306)].
 [Thricolyga] Rondani, 1859b: 184.
 CURRENT STATUS: Incorrect subsequent spelling of Tricoliga Rondani, 1856.
FAMILY: TACHINIDAE.
REMARKS: Criteria for making this name available as an emendation were not found to be fulfilled in this work.
 560. Thricophticus Rondani, 1866a: 142.
 CURRENT STATUS: Unjustified emendation of Tricophthicus Rondani, 1861; junior synonym of Thricops Rondani, 1856. New synonymy.
FAMILY: MUSCIDAE.
 REMARKS: Name made available as an emendation by virtue of similar spelling changes in two or more names from “t” to “th” in the same work. Tricophthicus Rondani, 1861 is currently treated as a junior synonym of Thricops Rondani, 1856 [teste Pont (1986b: 64)].
description: Published as part of O'Hara, James E., Cerretti, Pierfilippo, Pape, Thomas & Evenhuis, Neal L., 2011, 3141, pp. 1-268 in Zootaxa 3141 on pages 178-179
Integrable Structures in String Field Theory
Creators: name: Bonora, L.
name: Sorin, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a simple proof that the Neumann coefficients of surface states in Witten's SFT satisfy the Hirota equations for dispersionless KP hierarchy. In a similar way we show that the Neumann coefficients for the three string vertex in the same theory obey the Hirota equations of the dispersionless Toda Lattice hierarchy. We conjecture that the full (dispersive) Toda Lattice hierachy and, even more attractively a two--matrix model, may underlie open SFT.
description: 11 pages; v.2:some adjustments, some explicit equations added
Additional file 7 of Genome-wide identification and expression analysis reveals spinach brassinosteroid-signaling kinase (BSK) gene family functions in temperature stress response
Creators: name: Li, Yang
name: Zhang, Heng
name: Zhang, Yongxue
name: Liu, Yanshuang
name: Li, Yueyue
name: Tian, Haodong
name: Guo, Siyi
name: Sun, Meihong
name: Qin, Zhi
name: Dai, Shaojun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 7.
Van Est differentiation and integration
Creators: name: Meinrenken, Eckhard
name: Salazar, Maria Amelia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The classical Van Est theory relates the smooth cohomology of Lie groups with the cohomology of the associated Lie algebra, or its relative versions. Some aspects of this theory generalize to Lie groupoids and their Lie algebroids. In this paper, continuing an idea from [18], we revisit the van Est theory using the Perturbation Lemma from homological algebra. Using this technique, we obtain precise results for the van Est differentiation and integrations maps at the level of cochains. Specifically, we construct homotopy inverses to the van Est differentiation maps that are right inverses at the cochain level.
description: 28 pages
Terelliosoma Rondani 1856
Creators: name: O'Hara, James E.
name: Cerretti, Pierfilippo
name: Pape, Thomas
name: Evenhuis, Neal L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Ulidiidae
Terelliosoma

description: 553. Terelliosoma Rondani, 1856: 109.
 ORIGINALLY INCLUDED SPECIES: Terelliosoma heryngii Rondani, 1856 (as “ Terellia Heryngii Macq. (In litteris)”).
 TYPE SPECIES: Terelliosoma heryngii Rondani, 1856 (as “ Terellia Heryngii Macq. (In litteris)”), by original designation.
 CURRENT STATUS: Junior synonym of Tetanops Fallén, 1820 [teste Soós (1984c: 49)].
FAMILY: ULIDIIDAE.
 554. Teremya Rondani, 1875a: 268.
 CURRENT STATUS: Unjustified emendation of Teremyia Macquart, 1835; junior synonym of Lonchaea Fallén, 1820 [teste Coquillett (1910: 562)]. New synonymy.
FAMILY: LONCHAEIDAE.
 REMARKS: This is one of two original spellings (the other is Theremya, page 274) in Rondani (1875a), both of which are eligible as emendations by virtue of similar spelling changes in two or more names from “myia” to “mya” in the same work; however, as both names are used for the same taxon (Teremyia Macquart, 1835), they cannot both be emendations. Acting as First Reviser, we select Teremya as the correct original spelling, which relegates Theremya (q. v.) to unavailable name status. Teremyia Macquart, 1835 is not listed by Kovalev & Morge (1984) but has been treated as a junior synonym of Lonchaea Fallén, 1820 by Coquillett (1910: 562).
 [Thareva] Rondani, 1863: 98 [1864a: 98].
 CURRENT STATUS: Incorrect subsequent spelling of Thereva Latreille, 1797.
FAMILY: THEREVIDAE.
REMARKS: Criteria for making this name available as an emendation were not found to be fulfilled in these works.
description: Published as part of O'Hara, James E., Cerretti, Pierfilippo, Pape, Thomas & Evenhuis, Neal L., 2011, 3141, pp. 1-268 in Zootaxa 3141 on page 177
The Economic Implications of Social Capital on Hispanic Entrepreneurship
Creators: name: Torres, Ariana
name: Marshall, Maria
name: Delgado, Michael
name: Torres, Ariana
name: Marshall, Maria
name: Delgado, Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Hispanic
subject: entrepreneurship
subject: social capital
subject: clustering
subject: endogeneity
subject: instrumental variable
subject: Latino

description: This project assesses the effect of social capital, defined as the clustering of Hispanics, on the probability of Hispanic business creation. A big issue in the social capital literature is identification. We use new econometric procedures to try to address this possible endogeneity and draw causal conclusions on the effect of social interactions on individual economic behavior. This essay provide robust empirical evidence on the role of social capital on Hispanic entrepreneurship. We also tackle the constructs of Hispanic heterogeneity and find a potential indicator for the Hispanic entrepreneurial environment.
Surface flaws control strain localization in the deformation of Cu$\vert$Au nanolaminates
Creators: name: Gola, Adrien
name: Zhang, Guang-Ping
name: Pastewka, Lars
name: Schwaiger, Ruth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We carried out matched experiments and molecular dynamics simulations of the compression of nanopillars prepared from Cu$\vert$Au nanolaminates with 25 nm layer thickness. The stress-strain behavior obtained from both techniques are in excellent agreement. Variation of the layer thickness in simulations reveals an increase of the strength with decreasing layer thickness. Pillars fail through the formation of shear bands whose nucleation we trace back to the existence of surface flaws. Our combined approach demonstrates the crucial role of contact geometry in controlling the deformation mode and suggests that modulus-matched nanolaminates should be able to suppress strain localization while maintaining controllable strength.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, supplementary material (5 pages, 4 figures)
Fissidens fontanus Steud.
Creators: name: Ros, Rosa M.
name: Olaf, Susana Rams
name: Eloy, Olaf Werner
name: Cerón, Eloy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Bryophyta
Bryopsida
Fissidentales
Fissidentaceae
Fissidens
Fissidens fontanus

description: Fissidens fontanus (Bach. Pyl.) Steud.
RECORDS. — Bescherelle (1882): sine loco. Jelenc (1955a): La Réghaia; Laghouat. Jelenc (1955a), Ahayoun et al. (2007): Dayas de l’Alma. Rare.
description: Published as part of Ros, Rosa M., Olaf, Susana Rams, Eloy, Olaf Werner & Cerón, Eloy, 2024, Revisiting the Bryophyte Checklist of Algeria: Exploring Diversity and Distribution, pp. 49-116 in Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (5) on page 76, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2024v45a5, http://zenodo.org/record/14593891
Non-planar integrated correlator in $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM
Creators: name: Zhang, Shun-Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Integrated correlator of four superconformal stress-tensor primaries in $SU(N)$ $\mathcal{N}=4$ super Yang-Mills (SYM) theory in the perturbative limit takes a remarkably simple form, where the $L$-loop coefficient is given by a rational multiple of $ζ(2L+1)$. In this letter, we extend the previous analysis of expressing the perturbative integrated correlator as a linear combination of periods of $f$-graphs, graphical representations for loop integrands, to the non-planar sector at four loops. At this loop order, multiple zeta values make their first appearance when evaluating periods of non-planar $f$-graphs, but cancel non-trivially in the weighted sum. The remaining single zeta value, along with the rational number prefactor, makes a perfect agreement with the prediction from supersymmmetric localisation.
description: 6 pages
Fissidens grandifrons Brid.
Creators: name: Ros, Rosa M.
name: Olaf, Susana Rams
name: Eloy, Olaf Werner
name: Cerón, Eloy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Bryophyta
Bryopsida
Fissidentales
Fissidentaceae
Fissidens
Fissidens grandifrons

description: Fissidens grandifrons Brid.
RECORDS. — Bescherelle (1882), Brongniart (1882), Jelenc (1955a): Alger, petit Atlas de Blidah, cascades, 1200 m. Bescherelle (1882), Jelenc (1955a): Fontaine de Gros-Jean, à Médéah, 1640 m; Gorges de la Chiffa; Atlas de Blida, Oued-Kebir, 200 m. Corbière (1889), Jelenc (1955a): Atlas de Blida, source de Tala Yezid. Jelenc (1955a): Kabylie du Djurdjura, Afkadou; Mouzaïa. Rare.
description: Published as part of Ros, Rosa M., Olaf, Susana Rams, Eloy, Olaf Werner & Cerón, Eloy, 2024, Revisiting the Bryophyte Checklist of Algeria: Exploring Diversity and Distribution, pp. 49-116 in Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (5) on page 76, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2024v45a5, http://zenodo.org/record/14593891
Seasonal Hunger: Heterogenous Impacts of Seasonal Price Changes on Seasonal Consumption in Rural Zambia
Creators: name: Kitsuki, Akinori
name: Sakurai, Takeshi
name: Kitsuki, Akinori
name: Sakurai, Takeshi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Development
subject: seasonality
subject: consumption smoothing
subject: food security
subject: credit constraints
subject: inter-temporal arbitrage
subject: Zambia

description: The hunger season is the time of year when many farmers in developing countries run out of their previous year's harvest and have trouble purchasing staple foods because this time of year has the highest prices. This paper constructs a theoretical model to address such seasonality of food deprivation, and by using three years of weekly household panel data, empirically tests the extent to which farmers in rural Zambia can smooth their consumption from season to season, as well as from year to year, in response to income shocks. The theoretical model provides an explanation of how farmers try to smooth their consumption. This paper allows for heterogenous impacts of seasonal price changes on consumption. Some farmers buy staple food when prices are low and store it for the hunger season, while others run out of staple food, and so buy it when prices are high. Results indicate that the former group successfully smooths its consumption from season to season, as well as from year to year. In contrast, the latter group reduces consumption of non-food items and non-staple food items, especially relatively soon after harvest. These results are well explained by the theory. The theoretical model, combined with empirical evidence, depicts consumption seasonality in great detail.
Distributed Equivalent Substitution Training for Large-Scale Recommender Systems
Creators: name: Rong, Haidong
name: Wang, Yangzihao
name: Zhou, Feihu
name: Zhai, Junjie
name: Wu, Haiyang
name: Lan, Rui
name: Li, Fan
name: Zhang, Han
name: Yang, Yuekui
name: Guo, Zhenyu
name: Wang, Di
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present Distributed Equivalent Substitution (DES) training, a novel distributed training framework for large-scale recommender systems with dynamic sparse features. DES introduces fully synchronous training to large-scale recommendation system for the first time by reducing communication, thus making the training of commercial recommender systems converge faster and reach better CTR. DES requires much less communication by substituting the weights-rich operators with the computationally equivalent sub-operators and aggregating partial results instead of transmitting the huge sparse weights directly through the network. Due to the use of synchronous training on large-scale Deep Learning Recommendation Models (DLRMs), DES achieves higher AUC(Area Under ROC). We successfully apply DES training on multiple popular DLRMs of industrial scenarios. Experiments show that our implementation outperforms the state-of-the-art PS-based training framework, achieving up to 68.7% communication savings and higher throughput compared to other PS-based recommender systems.
description: Accepted by SIGIR '2020. Proceedings of the 43rd International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval. 2020
Status-Dependent Impacts of Multiple Drivers on Agricultural Land Conversion
Creators: name: Wang, Haoluan
name: Qiu, Feng
name: Wang, Haoluan
name: Qiu, Feng
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: agricultural land conversion
subject: quantile regression model
subject: status-dependent analysis

description: This article adopts a quantile regression model to assess the impacts of multiple drivers on agricultural land conversion. The key findings include that (1) the significance and magnitude of influences vary by the current conversion status; overall, drivers have larger effects in the higher quantile ranges (corresponding to areas that have experienced more extensive conversions); (2) Land suitability for agricultural uses is significant only in the mature cities and their surrounding areas; and (3) Road construction is a main determinant for farmland conversion. Results from this study contribute to a better understanding of the agricultural land conversion issue and have important implications for designing tailored policies for specific municipalities under different levels of conversion pressure and at different locations.
Smoking, Wellbeing and Academic Attainment
Creators: name: Smith, Andrew P
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 119999 Medical and Health Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other medical sciences

description: The research described here examined associations between smoking, wellbeing and academic attainment of university students. Wellbeing was investigated using the Student Wellbeing Process Questionnaire (WPQ) and academic attainment was assessed using Grade Point Average (GPA) and perceptions of work efficiency. 923 university students (94 males, 829 females; approximately 10% smokers) participated in the study. Univariate analyses showed that smokers were less conscientious, had lower positive wellbeing and lower attainment scores. Smokers also reported greater exposure to stressors, more negative coping and higher negative outcome scores. When established predictors of wellbeing (positive personality; social support; exposure to stressors and negative coping) and attainment (being conscientious) were co-varied, smoking still had a significant effect on academic attainment but not the wellbeing outcomes.
The Quantum Zeno Effect - Evolution of an Atom Impeded by Measurement
Creators: name: Balzer, Chr.
name: Huesmann, R.
name: Neuhauser, W.
name: Toschek, P. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution of a quantum system is supposed to be impeded by measurement of an involved observable. This effect has been proven indistinguishable from the effect of dephasing the system's wave function, except in an individual quantum system. The coherent dynamics, on an optical E2 line, of a single trapped ion driven by light of negligible phase drift has been alternated with interrogations of the internal ion state. Retardation of the ion's nutation, equivalent to the quantum Zeno effect, is demonstrated in the statistics of sequences of probe-light scattering ''on'' and ''off'' detections, the latter representing back-action-free measurement.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, 26 references
ALGAE USE FOR BIOHYDROGEN - AND BIOGAS PRODUCTION
Creators: name: Lakatos, Gergely
name: Papp, Bernadett
name: Nagy, Péter Tamás
name: Maróti, Gergely
name: Lakatos, Gergely
name: Papp, Bernadett
name: Nagy, Péter Tamás
name: Maróti, Gergely
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Anaerobic digestion of microalgae has a real potential for feasible production of biogas. However, algae biomass production and the elimination of biogas production residual need considerable energy and nutrient utilization. By the application of algal-bacterial method hydrogen can be produced as an energy carrier, while the liquid phase of biogas sludge and the emitted carbon-dioxide can be recycled. This review focuses on the possible co-application and merging of biogas and biohydrogen production technologies for the further optimization of an environmentally friendly hybrid solution.
A ANTA II DO REGO DA MURTA (ALVAIÁZERE) – Resultados da 1ª campanha de escavações
Creators: name: Figueiredo, Alexandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Figueiredo, A. (2004) – A ANTA II DO REGO DA MURTA (ALVAIÁZERE) – Resultados da 1ª campanha de escavações, Techne, vol 9, Tomar,  Arqueojovem, pp. 127-138
Gravitational Bending of Light Near Compact Objects
Creators: name: Beloborodov, Andrei M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A photon emitted near a compact object at an angle $α$ with respect to the radial direction escapes to infinity at a different angle $ψ>α$. This bending of light is caused by a strong gravitational field. We show that, in a Schwarzschild metric, the effect is described by $1-\cosα=(1-\cosψ)(1-r_g/R)$ where $R/r_g$ is the emission radius in Schwarzschild units. The formula is approximate and it applies at $R\geq 2r_g$ only, however at these radii it has amazing accuracy, fully sufficient in many applications. As one application we develop a new formulation for the light bending effects in pulsars. It reveals the simple character of these effects and gives their quantitative description with practically no losses of accuracy (for the typical radius of a neutron star $R=3r_g$ the error is 1%). The visible fraction of a star surface is shown to be $S_v/4πR^2=[2(1-r_g/R)]^{-1}$ which is 3/4 for $R=3r_g$. The instantaneous flux of a pulsar comes from one or two antipodal polar caps that rotate in the visible zone. The pulse produced by one blackbody cap is found to be sinusoidal (light bending impacts the pulse amplitude but not its shape). When both caps are visible, the pulse shows a plateau: the variable parts of the antipodal emissions precisely cancel each other. The pulsed fraction of blackbody emission with antipodal symmetry has an upper limit $A_{max}=(R-2r_g)/(R+2r_g)$. Pulsars with $A>A_{max}$ must be asymmetric.
description: accepted to ApJ Letters
Pre Service Teachers’ Perceptions of Pedagogical Approaches to STEM Education; Design and Technology.
Creators: name: Irving-Bell, Dawne
name: Wooff, David
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: 130106 Secondary Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: 160506 Education Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 130313 Teacher Education and Professional Development of Educators
subject: 130101 Continuing and Community Education
subject: 130108 Technical, Further and Workplace Education
subject: 130103 Higher Education

description: The purpose of this research is to gain an understanding of the impact personal narratives have in influencing the construction of pre-service design and technology teachers’ professional identity. Work presented explores how personal experiences impact on the personal development and pedagogical practices in relation to the subject they are training to teach. Drawing on their experience of learning Science, Technology, Engineering and Math (STEM) subjects as pupils, this work explores the impact this has had upon the formation of their own self-identity as they train to become teachers of a STEM related subject discipline within secondary education in England.
 To help ensure congruence between the ontological and epistemological position of the researcher, drawing upon the philosophical field of symbolic interactionism, the adopted research method is one that is informed by constructivist grounded theory (Charmaz, 2006, 2014).
 Embracing an abductive methodology, which encourages the consideration of all possible theoretical outcomes, reasoning begins after scrutiny of the data, rather than forcing one to emerge through the process of data analysis. The approach also encompassed the notion of reflexivity, which helps to sensitize the researcher to issues within the data set and helps to support the construction of theory.
 Following analysis, findings suggest that pre-service teachers’ personal narratives play a key role in the formation of their identity as teachers of design and technology. Emergent themes under discussion include participants’ emotion and personal disposition, their attitudes and approaches towards learning, and the role perceived deficiency in subject knowledge plays in limiting personal growth and the development of identity.
Exact enumeration approach to first-passage time distribution of non-Markov random walks
Creators: name: Baghram, Shant
name: Nikakhtar, Farnik
name: Tabar, M. Reza Rahimi
name: Rahvar, Sohrab
name: Sheth, Ravi K.
name: Lehnertz, Klaus
name: Sahimi, Muhammad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an analytical approach to study non-Markov random walks by employing an exact enumeration method. Using the method, we derive an exact expansion for the first-passage time (FPT) distribution for any continuous, differentiable non-Markov random walk with Gaussian or non-Gaussian multivariate distribution. As an example, we study the FPT distribution of a fractional Brownian motion with a Hurst exponent $H\in(1/2,1)$ that describes numerous non-Markov stochastic phenomena in physics, biology and geology, and for which the limit $H=1/2$ represents a Markov process.
description: 23 pages, 4 figures, 1 table and 5 appendices. Published version
Neural-Parareal: Dynamically Training Neural Operators as Coarse Solvers for Time-Parallelisation of Fusion MHD Simulations
Creators: name: Pamela, S. J. P.
name: Carey, N.
name: Brandstetter, J.
name: Akers, R.
name: Zanisi, L.
name: Buchanan, J.
name: Gopakumar, V.
name: Hoelzl, M.
name: Huijsmans, G.
name: Pentland, K.
name: James, T.
name: Antonucci, G.
name: Team, the JOREK
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fusion research facility ITER is currently being assembled to demonstrate that fusion can be used for industrial energy production, while several other programmes across the world are also moving forward, such as EU-DEMO, CFETR, SPARC and STEP. The high engineering complexity of a tokamak makes it an extremely challenging device to optimise, and test-based optimisation would be too slow and too costly. Instead, digital design and optimisation must be favored, which requires strongly-coupled suites of High-Performance Computing calculations. In this context, having surrogate models to provide quick estimates with uncertainty quantification is essential to explore and optimise new design options. Furthermore, these surrogates can in turn be used to accelerate simulations in the first place. This is the case of Parareal, a time-parallelisation method that can speed-up large HPC simulations, where the coarse-solver can be replaced by a surrogate. A novel framework, Neural-Parareal, is developed to integrate the training of neural operators dynamically as more data becomes available. For a given input-parameter domain, as more simulations are being run with Parareal, the large amount of data generated by the algorithm is used to train new surrogate models to be used as coarse-solvers for future Parareal simulations, leading to progressively more accurate coarse-solvers, and thus higher speed-up. It is found that such neural network surrogates can be much more effective than traditional coarse-solver in providing a speed-up with Parareal. This study is a demonstration of the convergence of HPC and AI which simply has to become common practice in the world of digital engineering design.
Fissidens incurvus Rohl.
Creators: name: Ros, Rosa M.
name: Olaf, Susana Rams
name: Eloy, Olaf Werner
name: Cerón, Eloy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Bryophyta
Bryopsida
Fissidentales
Fissidentaceae
Fissidens
Fissidens incurvus

description: Fissidens incurvus Starke ex Röhl.
Fissidens viridulus var. incurvus (Starke ex Röhl.) Waldh.
Nomenclature follows Hodgetts et al. (2020).
RECORDS. — Bescherelle (1882), Jelenc (1955a): Alger, collines ombragées; Bône. Corbière (1889): Blida. Corbière (1904): Alger, colonne Voirol; Constantine, bois du djebel Ouasch; La Bouzaréah, près Alger; Orléansville, bois de la Pépinière. Corbière (1905): Environs de Constantine, Les Pins, bords de l’oued Bou Merzoug. Meylan (1931), Jelenc (1955a): Tlemcen. Jelenc (1949, 1967): Vallée de l’Isser, source thermale de Sidi Abdelly, 375 m. Jelenc (1951, 1967): Haute-Plaine de Tlemcen, 700 m. Braun-Blanquet (1954): Forêt de Terni, près de Tlemcen, 1000 m. Jelenc (1955a): Atlas de Blida; Constantine; Djurdjura; Édough; El Affroun; La Bouzaréa; Orléansville. Jelenc (1956): Fort des Arcades. Jelenc (1956, 1967): Massif du Bou Zegza, dans les Gorges de Keddara, 400 m; Plaine de la Mitidja, forêt de la Règhaïa; Sahel d’Alger, environs d’El Biar; Sahel de Koléa, au ravin des Voleurs. Common.
description: Published as part of Ros, Rosa M., Olaf, Susana Rams, Eloy, Olaf Werner & Cerón, Eloy, 2024, Revisiting the Bryophyte Checklist of Algeria: Exploring Diversity and Distribution, pp. 49-116 in Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (5) on page 76, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2024v45a5, http://zenodo.org/record/14593891
Thricops Rondani 1856
Creators: name: O'Hara, James E.
name: Cerretti, Pierfilippo
name: Pape, Thomas
name: Evenhuis, Neal L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Muscidae
Thricops

description: 561. Thricops Rondani, 1856: 96.
 ORIGINALLY INCLUDED SPECIES: Anthomyza hirtula Zetterstedt, 1838 (as “ Aricia Hirtula Zett. ”).
 TYPE SPECIES: Anthomyza hirtula Zetterstedt, 1838 (as “ Aricia Hirtula Zett. ”), by original designation.
 CURRENT STATUS: Valid genus [teste Pont (1986b: 64)].
FAMILY: MUSCIDAE.
 REMARKS: There are two original spellings of this genus-group name in Rondani (1856): Thricops (page 96) and Tricops (page 223). Acting as First Reviser, Sabrosky (1999: 306) selected Thricops as the correct original spelling. Rondani (1861e: 9, 174) also listed both spellings so does not qualify as a First Reviser. Anthomyza hirtula Zetterstedt, 1838 sensu Rondani (1856) was apparently a misidentification for Trichopticus culminum Pokorny, 1889. However, this was resolved by Savage (2003: 70) designating a neotype for Anthomyza hirtula that fixed its identity as a true Thricops and she recommended retaining the nominal species as the type species.
 [Thrieophthalma] Rondani, 1863: 98 [1864a: 98].
 CURRENT STATUS: Incorrect subsequent spelling of Trichophthalma Westwood, 1835.
FAMILY: NEMESTRINIDAE.
REMARKS: Criteria for making this name available as an emendation were not found to be fulfilled in these works.
 [Thriptocera] Rondani, 1859b: 18 [1861e: 57; 1862b: 7].
 CURRENT STATUS: Incorrect subsequent spelling of Thryptocera Macquart, 1834.
FAMILY: TACHINIDAE.
 REMARKS: The earliest mention of Thryptocera Macquart, 1834 using the spelling “ Thriptocera ” that we have found in this study is in Macquart (1839: 110), as an incorrect subsequent spelling. In Rondani (1859b) this is either an incorrect subsequent spelling or unjustified emendation (by virtue of similar spelling changes in two or more names from “y” to “i” in the same work). We thus follow ICZN Code Article 33.5 in treating this spelling in Rondani (1859b) as an incorrect subsequent spelling. Thryptocera Macquart, 1834 is currently treated as a junior synonym of Actia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 [teste Herting & Dely-Draskovits (1993: 328)].
description: Published as part of O'Hara, James E., Cerretti, Pierfilippo, Pape, Thomas & Evenhuis, Neal L., 2011, 3141, pp. 1-268 in Zootaxa 3141 on pages 179-180
Magnetic Dead Layers in La$_{0.7}$Sr$_{0.3}$MnO$_3$ Revisited
Creators: name: Porter, S. B.
name: Venkatesan, M.
name: Dunne, P.
name: Doudin, B.
name: Rode, K.
name: Coey, J. M. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic dead layers in films a few nanometers thick are investigated for La$_{0.7}$Sr$_{0.3}$MnO$_3$ on (001)-oriented SrTiO$_3$ (STO), LaAlO$_3$ (LAO) and (LaAlO$_3$)$_{0.3}$(Sr$_2$TaAlO$_6$)$_{0.7}$ (LSAT) substrates. An anomalous moment found to persist above the Curie temperature of the La$_{0.7}$Sr$_{0.3}$MnO$_3$ films is not attributed to the films, but to oxygen vacancies at or near the surface of the substrate. The contribution to the moment from the substrate is as high as 20 $μ$B/nm$^2$ in the case of STO or LSAT. The effect is increased by adding an STO cap layer. Taking this d-zero magnetism into account, extrapolated magnetic dead layer thicknesses of 0.8 nm, 1.5 nm and 3.0 nm are found for the manganite films grown on LSAT, STO and LAO substrates, respectively. An STO cap layer eliminates the LSMO dead layer.
title: Iran-U.S. military-security relations in the 1970s
Creators: name: Ziarati, Mohammad Nasser Arjomand
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2022

description: The subject of this dissertation is "Iran-U.S. Military-Security Relations in the 1970s". The dissertation consists of seven chapters and a conclusion. In the first chapter an attempt is made to layout the main factors which contribute to arms transfers in the international system, from the perspectives of both the donor and recipient states. Moreover, the impact of arms sales on third world societies are described in this same chapter. The second chapter deals with the historical evolution of Iran-U.S. military security ties, inception during the Second World War up to 1969. genesis and since their Discussion in the third chapter focuses on the main factors which determined the shape and pace of Iran-U.S. military-security ties in the 1970s, including that in the area of arms supply relationship. The exposition of capability in the chapter. the 1970s increase in is the main Iran's purpose order-of-combat of the fourth The main purpose of chapter five is the delineation of various debates within and between the various branches of U.S. government for or against Iran's arms purchases. Chapter six discusses Iran's regional security policy in the 1970s. The final chapter deals with the various contacts between members of the U.S. government and Iran's new revolutionary regime, from revolution's success in February 1979 up to the seizure of American embassy in November 1979, with the emphasis being on military-security dealings between the two countries. In the conclusion an attempt is made to draw from the past some broad lessons for Iran's security and, bearing in mind the material in chapter one, to highlight a few insights into arms transfer as a phenomena in the international system.
The Shimura-Taniyama Conjecture and Conformal Field Theory
Creators: name: Schimmrigk, Rolf
name: Underwood, Sean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Shimura-Taniyama conjecture states that the Mellin transform of the Hasse-Weil L-function of any elliptic curve defined over the rational numbers is a modular form. Recent work of Wiles, Taylor-Wiles and Breuil-Conrad-Diamond-Taylor has provided a proof of this longstanding conjecture. Elliptic curves provide the simplest framework for a class of Calabi-Yau manifolds which have been conjectured to be exactly solvable. It is shown that the Hasse-Weil modular form determined by the arithmetic structure of the Fermat type elliptic curve is related in a natural way to a modular form arising from the character of a conformal field theory derived from an affine Kac-Moody algebra.
Chemically Accurate Excitation Energies With Small Basis Sets
Creators: name: Giner, Emmanuel
name: Scemama, Anthony
name: Toulouse, Julien
name: Loos, Pierre-François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By combining extrapolated selected configuration interaction (sCI) energies obtained with the CIPSI (Configuration Interaction using a Perturbative Selection made Iteratively) algorithm with the recently proposed short-range density-functional correction for basis-set incompleteness [Giner et al.,J. Chem. Phys. 2018, 149, 194301], we show that one can get chemically accurate vertical and adiabatic excitation energies with, typically, augmented double-$ζ$ basis sets. We illustrate the present approach on various types of excited states (valence, Rydberg, and double excitations) in several small organic molecules (methylene, water, ammonia, carbon dimer and ethylene). The present study clearly evidences that special care has to be taken with very diffuse excited states where the present correction does not catch the radial incompleteness of the one-electron basis set.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Nonclassical statistics of intracavity coupled $χ^{(2)}$ waveguides: the quantum optical dimer
Creators: name: Bache, M.
name: Gaididei, Yu. B.
name: Christiansen, P. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A model is proposed where two $χ^{(2)}$ nonlinear waveguides are contained in a cavity suited for second-harmonic generation. The evanescent wave coupling between the waveguides is considered as weak, and the interplay between this coupling and the nonlinear interaction within the waveguides gives rise to quantum violations of the classical limit. These violations are particularly strong when two instabilities are competing, where twin-beam behavior is found as almost complete noise suppression in the difference of the fundamental intensities. Moreover, close to bistable transitions perfect twin-beam correlations are seen in the sum of the fundamental intensities, and also the self-pulsing instability as well as the transition from symmetric to asymmetric states display nonclassical twin-beam correlations of both fundamental and second-harmonic intensities. The results are based on the full quantum Langevin equations derived from the Hamiltonian and including cavity damping effects. The intensity correlations of the output fields are calculated semi-analytically using a linearized version of the Langevin equations derived through the positive-P representation. Confirmation of the analytical results are obtained by numerical simulations of the nonlinear Langevin equations derived using the truncated Wigner representation.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. A
Re-designing Design and Technology Education: A living literature review of stakeholder perspectives.
Creators: name: Irving-Bell, Dawne
name: Wooff, David
name: McLain, Matt
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 130313 Teacher Education and Professional Development of Educators
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: 130101 Continuing and Community Education
subject: 130106 Secondary Education
subject: Education
subject: 130108 Technical, Further and Workplace Education
subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: 220202 History and Philosophy of Education
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: 130213 Vocational Education and Training Curriculum and Pedagogy
subject: 130303 Education Assessment and Evaluation

description: Created following the amalgamation of several individual subject disciplines, in England, design and technology is in decline. Debates about its purpose and position have taken place since its inception but arguably these have not transferred into a rigorous research base. There is a growing body of scholars exploring the field, but with the decline of the subject, so the community working and investigating it is also diminished. Without a strong foundation, the actions of the few may not carry sufficient weight to generate full and meaningful debate that would influence those with the power to change policy on curriculum and lead to innovation. If we are to have any hope of reversing the subject’s deterioration, we must do something bold and significant. While an awareness of the subject’s history and its evolution is integral to our understanding of how and why we are where we are, merely reflecting on the past will do little to help the subject move forward. Hence, the principal aim of our research is to explore what a re-designed design and technology could look like. To achieve this, this study draws on different stakeholders’ visions of how they perceive the subject’s future. Theoretical underpinning of this work is derived from abductive grounded theory, which aligns with the researcher’s individual ontological positions. Drawing together the findings from participants, this paper presents outcomes in the form of a ‘living document’. We see this as the first phase in an ongoing study into the future of the subject. Findings indicate a diverse range of opinion relating to the subject’s future. Following analysis, outcomes are discussed, and future steps to re-imagine the subject are then explored.
Conformal 3-point functions and the Lorentzian OPE in momentum space
Creators: name: Gillioz, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In conformal field theory in Minkowski momentum space, the 3-point correlation functions of local operators are completely fixed by symmetry. Using Ward identities together with the existence of a Lorentzian operator product expansion (OPE), we show that the Wightman function of three scalar operators is a double hypergeometric series of the Appell $F_4$ type. We extend this simple closed-form expression to the case of two scalar operators and one traceless symmetric tensor with arbitrary spin. Time-ordered and partially-time-ordered products are constructed in a similar fashion and their relation with the Wightman function is discussed.
description: 35 pages, 6 figures; v2: references added; v3: discussion on analytic continuation improved, matches published version