cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Epitaxial growth of topological materials
Creators: name: Bansal, Namrata
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2019

description: Recently, in 2007, a new electronic phase was discovered – termed as Topological Insulator (TI) – a bulk insulator that has conducting states bound to its surface.  An apt analogy would be a ceramic block coated with a nanometer thick layer of metallic paint, so that electrical conduction occurs only on the surface, except in this case, the material is the same throughout.  The understanding of topological insulators is based on the previously thought to be complete band theory, but taking into account the topological effects.  The term topological implies the presence of certain bulk invariants that help differentiate between different systems having the same symmetry.  The work presented here concerns the understanding of the transport properties of these electronic states that emerge only on the surfaces of this very special class of materials.The spin of electrons in the heavy metals of the TIs is linked to their intrinsic angular momentum; this spin-orbit coupling (SOC) leads to twisting of the electronic states in certain regions of momentum space, establishing a topological order.  The term topology comes from mathematics, and deals with quantities remaining invariant under continuous modifications – it is the topology of the electronic band structures originating from SOC that protects these metallic surface states against disorders.  The SOC also coerces the motion of spin-up electrons in one direction and spin-down electrons in the other – a distinguishing feature that forbids complete backscattering and localization i.e. the electrons can move freely with little or no resistance in their preferred direction.  This ‘spin-momentum locking’ makes these materials interesting for future spintronic devices that require generation, control and detection of spins as information carriers. The dissertation begins by reviewing the developing field of TIs which inspired this work, followed by an introduction to the many aspects involved in the growth of atomically precise thin TI films, mainly Bismuth Selenide (Bi2Se3).  The details of electrical transport are mentioned next; the experimental techniques thus introduced are used to examine the interplay of bulk and surface contributions to the transport in thin grown Bi2Se3 films.  Growth of thin films using molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) with atomic precision requires precise control of each flux, thus, we first discuss the flux stability in harsh oxidation conditions and derive the optimal configuration that helps grow stoichiometric thin-films.  Following this, we discuss the growth of Bi2Se3 films on various substrates and study how this affects the electronic transport.  The final work in the dissertation involves the transfer of these grown thin films to other substrates, including plastic, so as to provide a platform for future device applications.
Skyrmion magnetic structure of an ordered FePt monolayer deposited on Pt(111)
Creators: name: Polesya, Svitlana
name: Mankovsky, Sergiy
name: Bornemann, Sven
name: Koedderitzsch, Diemo
name: Minar, Jan
name: Ebert, Hubert
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: 75.70.Kw, 71.15.−m, 75.70.Ak, 75.70.Tj

description: The effect of the Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya interaction on the magnetic structure of an ordered FePt monolayer deposited on the Pt(111) surface has been investigated. In the ground state, the pronounced anisotropic geometry of the FePt layer with alternating Fe and Pt chains gives rise to a helimagnetic structure with a strong difference in the helicity period along the chains and perpendicular to them. In the presence of an external magnetic field, the region of stable Skyrmion magnetic structures in the B-T phase diagram has been demonstrated via Monte Carlo simulations using the parameters obtained within first-principles electronic structure calculations. The present study demonstrates clearly that the ratio of the exchange coupling parameters J/D for a deposited magnetic film—being of central importance for the formation of Skyrmions—can be manipulated by growing an overlayer of 2-dimensional compounds with the atoms carrying spontaneous magnetic moments separated by the atoms of nonmagnetic elements.
Intramolecular Force Contrast and Dynamic Current-Distance Measurements at Room Temperature
Creators: name: Huber, Ferdinand
name: Matencio, Sonia
name: Weymouth, Alfred J.
name: Ocal, Carmen
name: Barrena, Esther
name: Giessibl, Franz J.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: scanning probe microscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy, atomic force microscopy, intramolecular resolution, intermolecular resolution, room temperature, dynamic kappa measurement, molecules, charge states
subject: 530 Physik
subject: 68.37.Ps
subject: 68.37.Ef

description: Scanning probe microscopy can be used to probe the internal atomic structure of flat organic molecules. This technique requires an unreactive tip and has, until now, been demonstrated only at liquid helium and liquid nitrogen temperatures. We demonstrate intramolecular and intermolecular force contrast at room temperature on PTCDA molecules adsorbed on a Ag/Si(111)−(3√×3√) surface. The oscillating force sensor allows us to dynamically measure the vertical decay constant of the tunneling current. The precision of this method is increased by quantifying the transimpedance of the current to voltage converter and accounting for the tip oscillation. This measurement yields a clear contrast between neighboring molecules, which we attribute to the different charge states.
Universal Area Product Formulae for Rotating and Charged Black Holes in Four and Higher Dimensions
Creators: name: Cvetic, M.
name: Gibbons, G. W.
name: Pope, C. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present explicit results for the product of all horizon areas for general rotating multi-charge black holes, both in asymptotically flat and asymptotically anti-de Sitter spacetimes in four and higher dimensions. The expressions are universal, and depend only on the quantized charges, quantized angular momenta and the cosmological constant. If the latter is also quantized these universal results may provide a "looking glass" for probing the microscopics of general black holes.
description: 4 pages
Galvanomagnetic and thermogalvanomagnetic transport effects in ferromagnetic fcc CoxPd1-x alloys from first principles
Creators: name: Wimmer, Sebastian
name: Koedderitzsch, Diemo
name: Ebert, Hubert
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: 71.15.Rf, 71.70.Ej, 72.15.Jf, 72.15.Qm

description: The galvanomagnetic and thermogalvanomagnetic transport of the prototypical ferromagnetic transition-metal alloy system fcc CoxPd1−x has been investigated on the basis of Kubo’s linear response formalism. The results for the full electric conductivity tensor allow discussing the spin-orbit-induced anisotropic magnetoresistance and the anomalous Hall effect. These are complemented by results for the corresponding thermogalvanomagnetic transport properties anisotropy of the Seebeck effect and anomalous Nernst effect. The relation between the respective response coefficients is discussed with the underlying electronic structure calculated relativistically within the Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker coherent potential approximation band structure method for disordered alloys.
Charmonium spectral functions from 2+1 flavour lattice QCD
Creators: name: Borsanyi, Szabolcs
name: Dürr, Stephan
name: Fodor, Zoltan
name: Hoelbling, Christian
name: Katz, Sandor D.
name: Krieg, Stefan
name: Mages, Simon Wolfgang
name: Nogradi, Daniel
name: Pasztor, Attila
name: Schäfer, Andreas
name: Szabo, Kalman K.
name: Toth, Balint C.
name: Trombitas, Norbert
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Lattice QCD; Phase Diagram of QCD
subject: 530 Physik

description: Finite temperature charmonium spectral functions in the pseudoscalar and vector channels are studied in lattice QCD with 2+1 flavours of dynamical Wilson quarks, on fine isotropic lattices (with a lattice spacing of 0.057 fm), with a non-physical pion mass of mπ≈ 545 MeV. The highest temperature studied is approximately 1.4Tc. Up to this temperature no significant variation of the spectral function is seen in the pseudoscalar channel. The vector channel shows some temperature dependence, which seems to be consistent with a temperature dependent low frequency peak related to heavy quark transport, plus a temperature independent term at \omega>0. These results are in accord with previous calculations using the quenched approximation.
description: SCOAP3
The Role of Variations of Central Density Of White Dwarf Progenitors Upon Type Ia Supernovae
Creators: name: Fisher, R.
name: Falta, D.
name: Jordan, G.
name: Lamb, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of the accelerated expansion of the universe using Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) has stimulated a tremendous amount of interest in the use of SNe Type Ia events as standard cosmological candles, and as a probe of the fundamental physics of dark energy. Recent observations of SNe Ia have indicated a significant population difference depending on the host galaxy. These observational findings are consistent with SNe Ia Ni-56 production in star-forming spiral galaxies some 0.1 solar masses higher - and therefore more luminous than in elliptical galaxies. We present recent full-star, 3D simulations of Type Ia supernovae which may help explain the nature of this systematic variation in SNe Ia luminosities, as well as the nature of the Ia explosion mechanism. These insights may in turn eventually shed light on the mystery of dark energy itself.
description: 10 Pages, 3 Figures, Submitted to Proceedings of The Ninth Asia-Pacific International Conference on Gravitation and Astrophysics (ICGA9) held June 29 to July 3, 2009, at Huazhong University of Science & Technology in Wuhan, China.
Subsequent Singularities in Mean-Convex Mean Curvature Flow
Creators: name: White, Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 53C44, Secondary 49Q20

description: We use Ilmanen's elliptic regularization to prove that for an initially smooth mean convex hypersurface in Euclidean n-space moving by mean curvature flow, the surface is very nearly convex in a spacetime neighborhood of every singularity. Previously this was known only (i) for n < 7, and (ii) for arbitrary n up to the first singular time.
description: 12 pages. Revised version (2013): some additional explanatory material added at the end
The two classes of low-energy spectra in finite carbon nanotubes
Creators: name: Marganska, Magdalena
name: Chudzinski, Piotr
name: Grifoni, Milena
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We study the spectra of finite-length carbon nanotubes (CNTs) of arbitrary chirality. They divide into two classes, which arise because of different rotational symmetries of the low-energy eigenstates. In one of them (the zigzag class), the spinless spectrum is doubly degenerate and the two states can be assigned to different values of the valley degree of freedom. In the other (armchair class), the valley degeneracy is removed and the eigenstates are combinations of both valley states. Recent experimental observation of the valley mixing in ultraclean CNT quantum dots is consistent with our theory for armchair-class CNTs.
The interface makes a difference: lanthanide ion coated vesicles hydrolyze phosphodiesters
Creators: name: Poznik, Michal
name: Maitra, Uday
name: König, Burkhard
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie

description: Lanthanide ions are strong Lewis acids. Their complexation to a variety of ligands can further enhance their Lewis acidity allowing the hydrolysis of phosphoesters and even DNA. We show that the interaction of lanthanide ions with vesicles from zwitterionic phosphatidylcholine lipids gives supramolecular structures in which the metal ion is loosely coordinated to the surface. This assembly provides a high density of Lewis-acidic metal centres, which hydrolyze phosphodiesters with enhanced rates.
description: Open Access Komponente aus der Allianzlizenz
Magnetic Topology of Coronal Hole Linkages
Creators: name: Titov, V. S.
name: Mikic, Z.
name: Linker, J. A.
name: Lionello, R.
name: Antiochos, S. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent work, Antiochos and coworkers argued that the boundary between the open and closed field regions on the Sun can be extremely complex with narrow corridors of open flux connecting seemingly disconnected coronal holes from the main polar holes, and that these corridors may be the sources of the slow solar wind. We examine, in detail, the topology of such magnetic configurations using an analytical source surface model that allows for analysis of the field with arbitrary resolution. Our analysis reveals three important new results: First, a coronal hole boundary can join stably to the separatrix boundary of a parasitic polarity region. Second, a single parasitic polarity region can produce multiple null points in the corona and, more important, separator lines connecting these points. It is known that such topologies are extremely favorable for magnetic reconnection, because they allow this process to occur over the entire length of the separators rather than being confined to a small region around the nulls. Finally, the coronal holes are not connected by an open-field corridor of finite width, but instead are linked by a singular line that coincides with the separatrix footprint of the parasitic polarity. We investigate how the topological features described above evolve in response to the motion of the parasitic polarity region. The implications of our results for the sources of the slow solar wind and for coronal and heliospheric observations are discussed.
description: 32 pages, 10 figures, accepted to ApJ
Weak phase stiffness and mass divergence of superfluid in underdoped cuprates
Creators: name: Yildirim, Yucel
name: Ku, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite more than two decades of intensive investigations, the true nature of high temperature (high-$T_c$) superconductivity observed in the cuprates remains elusive to the researchers. In particular, in the so-called `underdoped' region, the overall behavior of superconductivity deviates $qualitatively$ from the standard theoretical description pioneered by Bardeen, Cooper and Schrieffer (BCS). Recently, the importance of phase fluctuation of the superconducting order parameter has gained significant support from various experiments. However, the microscopic mechanism responsible for the surprisingly soft phase remains one of the most important unsolved puzzles. Here, opposite to the standard BCS starting point, we propose a simple, solvable low-energy model in the strong coupling limit, which maps the superconductivity literally into a well-understood physics of superfluid in a special dilute bosonic system of local pairs of doped holes. In the prototypical material (La$_{1-δ}$Sr$_δ$)$_2$CuO$_4$, without use of any free parameter, a $d$-wave superconductivity is obtained for doping above $\sim 5.2\%$, below which unexpected incoherent $p$-wave pairs dominate. Throughout the whole underdoped region, very soft phases are found to originate from enormous mass enhancement of the pairs. Furthermore, a striking mass divergence is predicted that dictates the occurrence of the observed quantum critical point. Our model produces properties of the superfluid in good agreement with the experiments, and provides new insights into several current puzzles. Owing to its simplicity, this model offers a paradigm of great value in answering the long-standing challenges in underdoped cuprates.
A Dynamic-Order Fractional Dynamic System
Creators: name: Sun, HongGuang
name: Sheng, Hu
name: Chen, YangQuan
name: Chen, Wen
name: Yu, ZhongBo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multi-system interaction is an important and difficult problem in physics. Motivated by the experimental result of an electronic circuit element "Fractor", we introduce the concept of dynamic-order fractional dynamic system, in which the differential-order of a fractional dynamic system is determined by the output signal of another dynamic system. The new concept offers a comprehensive explanation of physical mechanism of multi-system interaction. The properties and potential applications of dynamic-order fractional dynamic systems are further explored with the analysis of anomalous relaxation and diffusion processes.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Phylogeography of the sand dune ant Mycetophylax simplex along the Brazilian Atlantic Forest coast: remarkably low mtDNA diversity and shallow population structure
Creators: name: Cardoso, Danon Clemens
name: Cristiano, Maykon Passos
name: Tavares, Mara Garcia
name: Schubart, Christoph D.
name: Heinze, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Brazilian Atlantic Forest; Mycetophylax simplex ; Formicidae; Neotropical region; Gene flow; Genetic structure; Sand dunes; Restinga; Sea-level changes
subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: 590 Tiere (Zoologie)

description: Background During past glacial periods, many species of forest-dwelling animals experienced range contractions. In contrast, species living outside such moist habitats appear to have reacted to Quaternary changes in different ways. The Atlantic Forest represents an excellent opportunity to test phylogeographic hypotheses, because it has a wide range of vegetation types, including unforested habitats covered predominantly by herbaceous and shrubby plants, which are strongly influenced by the harsh environment with strong wind and high insolation. Here, we investigated the distribution of genetic diversity in the endemic sand dune ant Mycetophylax simplex across its known range along the Brazilian coast, with the aim of contributing to the understanding of alternative phylogeographic patterns. We used partial sequences of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase I and nuclear gene wingless from 108 specimens and 51 specimens, respectively, to assess the phylogeography and demographic history of this species. To achieve this we performed different methods of phylogenetic and standard population genetic analyses. Results The observed genetic diversity distribution and historical demographic profile suggests that the history of M. simplex does not match the scenario suggested for other Atlantic Forest species. Instead, it underwent demographic changes and range expansions during glacial periods. Our results show that M. simplex presents a shallow phylogeographic structure with isolation by distance among the studied populations, living in an almost panmictic population. Our coalescence approach indicates that the species maintained a stable population size until roughly 75,000 years ago, when it underwent a gradual demographic expansion that were coincident with the low sea-level during the Quaternary. Such demographic events were likely triggered by the expansion of the shorelines during the lowering of the sea level. Conclusions Our data suggest that over evolutionary time M. simplex did not undergo dramatic range fragmentation, but rather it likely persisted in largely interconnected populations. Furthermore, we add an important framework about how both glacial and interglacial events could positively affect the distribution and diversification of species. The growing number of contrasting phylogeographic patterns within and among species and regions have shown that Quaternary events influenced the distribution of species in more ways than first supposed.
Local and Global Casimir Energies: Divergences, Renormalization, and the Coupling to Gravity
Creators: name: Milton, Kimball A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From the beginning of the subject, calculations of quantum vacuum energies or Casimir energies have been plagued with two types of divergences: The total energy, which may be thought of as some sort of regularization of the zero-point energy, $\sum\frac12\hbarω$, seems manifestly divergent. And local energy densities, obtained from the vacuum expectation value of the energy-momentum tensor, $\langle T_{00}\rangle$, typically diverge near boundaries. The energy of interaction between distinct rigid bodies of whatever type is finite, corresponding to observable forces and torques between the bodies, which can be unambiguously calculated. The self-energy of a body is less well-defined, and suffers divergences which may or may not be removable. Some examples where a unique total self-stress may be evaluated include the perfectly conducting spherical shell first considered by Boyer, a perfectly conducting cylindrical shell, and dilute dielectric balls and cylinders. In these cases the finite part is unique, yet there are divergent contributions which may be subsumed in some sort of renormalization of physical parameters. The divergences that occur in the local energy-momentum tensor near surfaces are distinct from the divergences in the total energy, which are often associated with energy located exactly on the surfaces. However, the local energy-momentum tensor couples to gravity, so what is the significance of infinite quantities here? For the classic situation of parallel plates there are indications that the divergences in the local energy density are consistent with divergences in Einstein's equations; correspondingly, it has been shown that divergences in the total Casimir energy serve to precisely renormalize the masses of the plates, in accordance with the equivalence principle.
description: 53 pages, 1 figure, invited review paper to Lecture Notes in Physics volume in Casimir physics edited by Diego Dalvit, Peter Milonni, David Roberts, and Felipe da Rosa
Calculating linear response functions for finite temperatures on the basis of the alloy analogy model
Creators: name: Ebert, Hubert
name: Mankovsky, Sergiy
name: Chadova, Kristina
name: Polesya, Svitlana
name: Minar, Jan
name: Koedderitzsch, Diemo
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: 72.10.Di, 72.15.Eb, 71.20.Be, 75.10.−b

description: A scheme is presented that is based on the alloy analogy model and allows one to account for thermal lattice vibrations as well as spin fluctuations when calculating response quantities in solids. Various models to deal with spin fluctuations are discussed concerning their impact on the resulting temperature-dependent magnetic moment, longitudinal conductivity, and Gilbert damping parameter. It is demonstrated that, by using the Monte Carlo (MC) spin configuration as input, the alloy analogy model is capable of reproducing the results of MC simulations on the average magnetic moment within all spin fluctuation models under discussion. On the other hand, the response quantities are much more sensitive to the spin fluctuation model. Separate calculations accounting for the thermal effect due to either lattice vibrations or spin fluctuations show that they give comparable contributions to the electrical conductivity and Gilbert damping. However, comparison to results accounting for both thermal effects demonstrates violation of Matthiessen's rule, showing the nonadditive effect of lattice vibrations and spin fluctuations. The results obtained for bcc Fe and fcc Ni are compared with the experimental data, showing rather good agreement for the temperature-dependent electrical conductivity and the Gilbert damping parameter.
Importin-β facilitates nuclear import of human GW proteins and balances cytoplasmic gene silencing protein levels
Creators: name: Meister, Gunter
name: Schindler, Susann G.
name: Danner, Johannes
name: Kremmer, Elisabeth
name: Pfaff, Janina
name: Hannus, Stefan
name: Depping, Reinhard
name: Schraivogel, Daniel
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) guide Argonaute (Ago) proteins to distinct target mRNAs leading to translational repression and mRNA decay. Ago proteins interact with a member of the GW protein family, referred to as TNRC6A-C in mammals, which coordinate downstream gene-silencing processes. The cytoplasmic functions of TNRC6 and Ago proteins are reasonably well established. Both protein families are found in the nucleus as well. Their detailed nuclear functions, however, remain elusive. Furthermore, it is not clear which import routes Ago and TNRC6 proteins take into the nucleus. Using different nuclear transport assays, we find that Ago as well as TNRC6 proteins shuttle between the cytoplasm and the nucleus. While import receptors might function redundantly to transport Ago2, we demonstrate that TNRC6 proteins are imported by the Importin-β pathway. Finally, we show that nuclear localization of both Ago2 and TNRC6 proteins can depend on each other suggesting actively balanced cytoplasmic Ago – TNRC6 levels.
Sub-Adult Identity: Attitudes towards Childhood Viewed from Mortuary Settings in Neolithic and Bronze Age Thailand
Creators: name: Ross, Kenneth William
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Sub-adult Identity
Mortuary Behavior
Burial Archaeology
Prehistoric Thailand

description: The examination of sub-adults from prehistoric populations is a recent development in archaeology. Before the rise of gender archaeology in the 1980s, children were associated with women and were peripheral or invisible figures in the archaeological discipline. From the 1990s a growing body of research focussed on children in prehistory has emerged in Europe, America and South America. This research has provided tremendous insight into the social, economic and ritual significance of children in prehistory. Unfortunately, similar research strategies examining the significance of children in prehistoric communities in Southeast Asia has not occurred with similar vigour. This thesis aims to understand the attitude of adults towards sub-adults in mortuary settings and to understand the significance of sub-adults in the social, economic and ritual elements of their communities. Finally, this study examines if similar behaviours were exhibited across the Neolithic and Bronze Ages in mainland Southeast Asia. Cemeteries from the Neolithic site of Khok Phanom Di and the Bronze Age sites of Ban Lum Khao and Non Nok Tha in modern Thailand were examined to compare the burial treatment of sub-adults in relation to adults using spatial and burial information, material culture and health variables. Mortuary evidence from Khok Phanom Di suggests that infants were exposed to differential burial treatment. It is suggested that infants were not afforded full membership of this community while children older than one year of age were more frequently exposed to normative burial treatment. Finally, it is suggested the transition from childhood to adulthood at Khok Phanom Di occurred for individuals aged 10 to 14 years of age. Greater homogeneity of mortuary behaviour is exhibited between sub-adults and adults in the Bronze Age, suggesting that the status of all children, including infants, had changed since the Neolithic. Changing mortality patterns for infants between the Neolithic and Bronze Ages may explain differential mortuary patterns observed in sub-adult cemetery populations.
Cardiovascular disease policy model : microsimulation approach
Creators: name: Mui, Suet-Lam
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 1997
Subjects: Cardiovascular system
Mathematical models
Risk factors

description: This paper outlines a microsimulation model that aims to quantify the likely impact of two major components of cardiovascular disease (CVD), namely coronary heart disease (CHD) and cerebrovascular disease (stroke), on the Australian health care system under various scenarios. The model will provide baseline projections of CVD mortality, morbidity and resource costs for up to 25 years. The cost and effectiveness of various alternative prevention and treatment strategies will then be assessed in terms of changes in the cost and outcome measures from the baseline projections. The proposed model has four sub-models: the Incidence model, the Bridge model and separate Prevalence models for CHD and stroke. The paper will also present empirical results from the baseline Incidence sub-model developed by integrating crosssectional and longitudinal data.
A law of the iterated logarithm sublinear expectations
Creators: name: Chen, Zengjing
name: Hu, Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60H10, 60G48

description: In this paper, motivated by the notion of independent identically distributed (IID) random variables under sub-linear expectations initiated by Peng, we investigate a law of the iterated logarithm for capacities. It turns out that our theorem is a natural extension of the Kolmogorov and the Hartman-Wintner laws of the iterated logarithm.
Magnetic polarizabilities of light mesons in SU(3) lattice gauge theory
Creators: name: Luschevskaya, E. V.
name: Solovjeva, O. E.
name: Kochetkov, Oleg A.
name: Teryaev, O. V.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We investigate the ground state energies of neutral pseudoscalar and vector meson in SU(3)SU(3) lattice gauge theory in the strong abelian magnetic field. The energy of ρ0ρ0 meson with zero spin projection sz=0sz=0 on the axis of the external magnetic field decreases, while the energies with non-zero spins sz=−1sz=−1 and +1 increase with the field. The energy of π0π0 meson decreases as a function of the magnetic field. We calculate the magnetic polarizabilities of pseudoscalar and vector mesons for lattice volume 184. For ρ0ρ0 with spin |sz|=1|sz|=1 and π0π0 meson the polarizabilities in the continuum limit have been evaluated. We do not observe any evidence in favour of tachyonic mode existence.
description: SCOAP3
Relevance of axion-like particles for very-high-energy astrophysics
Creators: name: De Angelis, Alessandro
name: Galanti, Giorgio
name: Roncadelli, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many extensions of the Standard Model predict the existence of ALPs, which are very light spin-zero bosons with a two-photon coupling. Photon-ALP oscillations occur in the presence of an external magnetic field, and ALPs can lead to observable effects on the measured photon spectrum of astrophysical sources. An intriguing situation arises when blazars are observed with the Cherenkov Telescopes H.E.S.S., MAGIC, CANGAROO III and VERITAS. The extragalactic background light (EBL) produced by galaxies during cosmic evolution gives rise to a source dimming which becomes important in the VHE band. This dimming can be considerably reduced by photon-ALP oscillations in the large-scale magnetic fields, and the resulting blazar spectra become harder than expected. We find that for ALPs lighter than 5 x 10^{-10} eV the photon survival probability is larger than predicted by conventional physics above a few hundred GeV. This is a clear-cut prediction which can be tested with the planned Cherenkov Telescope Array and HAWC. Moreover, we offer a new interpretation of the VHE blazars detected so far, according to which the large spread in the values of the observed spectral index is mainly due to the wide spread in the source distances rather than to large variations of their internal physical properties.
description: Equations (8), (104) and (134) have been corrected for misprints; see the erratum published in Phys. Rev. D 87, 109903(E) (2013). Numerical results in the article are not affected, since they were based on the correct formulas
Local CP-violation and electric charge separation by magnetic fields from lattice QCD
Creators: name: Bali, Gunnar S.
name: Bruckmann, Falk
name: Endrödi, Gergely
name: Fodor, Zoltan
name: Katz, S. D.
name: Schäfer, Andreas
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quark-Gluon Plasma; Lattice QCD; Lattice Gauge Field Theories; Lattice Quantum Field Theory
subject: 530 Physik

description: We study local CP-violation on the lattice by measuring the local correlation between the topological charge density and the electric dipole moment of quarks, induced by a constant external magnetic field. This correlator is found to increase linearly with the external field, with the coefficient of proportionality depending only weakly on temperature. Results are obtained on lattices with various spacings, and are extrapolated to the continuum limit after the renormalization of the observables is carried out. This renormalization utilizes the gradient flow for the quark and gluon fields. Our findings suggest that the strength of local CP-violation in QCD with physical quark masses is about an order of magnitude smaller than a model prediction based on nearly massless quarks in domains of constant gluon backgrounds with topological charge. We also show numerical evidence that the observed local CP-violation correlates with spatially extended electric dipole structures in the QCD vacuum.
description: SCOPA3
Physical Properties of Complex C Halo Clouds
Creators: name: Hsu, W. -H.
name: Putman, M. E.
name: Heitsch, F.
name: Stanimirovic, S.
name: Peek, J. E. G.
name: Clark, S. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations from the Galactic Arecibo L-Band Feed Array HI (GALFA-HI) Survey of the tail of Complex C are presented and the halo clouds associated with this complex cataloged. The properties of the Complex C clouds are compared to clouds cataloged at the tail of the Magellanic Stream to provide insight into the origin and destruction mechanism of Complex C. Magellanic Stream and Complex C clouds show similarities in their mass distributions (slope = -0.7 and -0.6, respectively) and have a common linewidth of 20 - 30 km/s (indicative of a warm component), which may indicate a common origin and/or physical process breaking down the clouds. The clouds cataloged at the tail of Complex C extend over a mass range of 10^1.1 to 10^4.8 solar masses, sizes of 10^1.2 to 10^2.6 pc, and have a median volume density of 0.065 cm^(-3) and median pressure of (P/k) = 580 K cm^{-3}. We do not see a prominent two-phase structure in Complex C, possibly due to its low metallicity and inefficient cooling compared to other halo clouds. From assuming the Complex C clouds are in pressure equilibrium with a hot halo medium, we find a median halo density of 5.8 x 10^(-4) cm^(-3), which given a constant distance of 10 kpc, is at a z-height of ~3 kpc. Using the same argument for the Stream results in a median halo density of 8.4 x 10^(-5) x (60kpc/d) cm^(-3). These densities are consistent with previous observational constraints and cosmological simulations. We also assess the derived cloud and halo properties with three dimensional grid simulations of halo HI clouds and find the temperature is generally consistent within a factor of 1.5 and the volume densities, pressures and halo densities are consistent within a factor of 3.
description: Accepted for publication in AJ. 54 pages, including 6 tables and 16 figures
Model-independent calculation of SU(3)f violation in baryon octet light-cone distribution amplitudes
Creators: name: Wein, Philipp
name: Schäfer, Andreas
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Higher Twist Effects, Effective field theories, Chiral Lagrangians
subject: 530 Physik

description: In this work we present a minimal parametrization of the light-cone distribution amplitudes of the baryon octet including higher twist contributions. Simultaneously we obtain the quark mass dependence of the amplitudes at leading one-loop accuracy by the use of three-flavor baryon chiral perturbation theory (BChPT), which automatically yields model-independent results for the leading SU(3) flavor breaking effects. For that purpose we have constructed the nonlocal light-cone three-quark operators in terms of baryon octet and meson fields and have carried out a next-to-leading order BChPT calculation. We were able to find a minimal set of distribution amplitudes (DAs) that do not mix under chiral extrapolation towards the physical point and naturally embed the Λ baryon. Additionally they are chosen in such a way that all DAs of a certain symmetry class have a similar quark mass dependence (independent of the twist of the corresponding amplitude), which allows for a compact presentation. The results are well-suited for the extrapolation of lattice data and for model building.
description: Projekt SCOAP3
Efficient and economic five-party quantum state sharing of an arbitrary m-qubit state
Creators: name: Sheng, Yu-Bo
name: Deng, Fu-Guo
name: Zhou, Hong-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an efficient and economic scheme for five-party quantum state sharing of an arbitrary m-qubit state with $2m$ three-particle Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states and three-particle GHZ-state measurements. It is more convenient than other schemes as it only resorts to three-particle GHZ states and three-particle joint measurement, not five-particle entanglements and five-particle joint measurements. Moreover, this symmetric scheme is in principle secure even though the number of the dishonest agents is more than one. Its total efficiency approaches the maximal value.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure
Littérature des Français du Maghreb et métissage linguistique
Creators: name: Zoppellari, Anna
Publisher: name: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2020

description:

The literary work of Jean Pélégri and Jean-Pierre Koffel presents two different ways of rendering the richness of linguistic mixing in colonial and post-colonial Maghreb. For both of them, it is a question of making the various communities living in the area talk by building a bridge that seems to have its origin in the Mediterranean poetics of the École d’Alger, but which tends to integrate into a profoundly Maghreb literature. Both use a French language marked by the different languages that characterise the Maghreb. However, in Pélégri this attempt originates from the need to respond to the drama of the war and the separation from Algerian territory ; in Koffel it starts from the need to respect the codes of the police, making the everyday life and the familiarity of the Moroccan and French speakers of Morocco, but opening up to a linguistic analysis that crosses the lines of the text, almost wanting to mix didactic motivations and meta-textual play.

description: Il Tolomeo
That’s Not Funny! – But It Should Be: Effects of Humorous Emotion Regulation on Emotional Experience and Memory
Creators: name: Kugler, Lisa
name: Kuhbandner, Christof
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: emotion regulation, humor, reappraisal, memory, coping
subject: 150 Psychologie

description: Previous research has shown that humorous reappraisal can reduce elicited negative emotions, suggesting that humor may be a functional strategy to cope with emotionally negative situations. However, the effect of humorous reappraisal on later memory about the emotion-eliciting situation is currently unknown, although this is crucial for more adaptive responding in future situations. To address this issue, we examined the effects of humorous reappraisal on both emotional experience and memory, compared to non-humorous rational reappraisal and a non-reappraisal control condition. Replicating previous findings, humorous reappraisal reduced evoked negative valence and arousal levels very effectively, and the down-regulation of experienced negative emotions was even more pronounced after humorous compared to rational reappraisal. Regarding later memory for emotion-eliciting stimuli, both humorous and rational reappraisal reduced free recall, but recognition memory was unaffected, with memory strength being stronger after humorous than after rational reappraisal. These results indicate that humor seems to be indeed an optimal strategy to cope with negative situations because humor can help us to feel better when confronted with negative stimuli, but still allows us to retrieve stimulus information later when afforded to do so by the presence of appropriate contextual features.
Characterizing turbulent exchange over a heterogeneous urban landscape
Creators: name: Semmens, Caitlin Iris
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Much of the world’s population now resides within cities where altered energy use, building distributions, transportation networks, and surface characteristics influence land-atmosphere interactions, energy and water budgets, and carbon cycles, relative to rural areas. Knowledge of the surface properties that affect exchanges of energy and mass, as well as how exchanges change over time, is critical for accurate local weather and climate forecasting, and pollution dispersion modelling. One way of measuring flows of energy and mass over cities is through the use of eddy covariance (EC). This stationary approach has been implemented in many cities globally, and has contributed greatly to knowledge of the exchange between the urban surface and the urban atmosphere. However, EC was developed for ecosystems like forests, where source/sink distributions are horizontally homogeneous; This surface uniformity does not usually pertain to cities, where sources of heat, water, momentum, and trace gases exhibit spatial heterogeneity. Eight years (2008 - 2016) of continuous EC flux measurements over a residential neighbourhood in Vancouver, BC, Canada, were used to characterize the relationship between surface source/sink heterogeneity and the efficiency of turbulent exchange of heat, water vapour, momentum, and carbon dioxide (CO2) (represented by the correlation coefficients r_wT, r_wh, r_uw, and r_wc, respectively). Using a combination of remotely-sensed satellite and light detection and ranging (LiDAR) imagery, geospatially-referenced land cover data, traffic densities, and source area modelling, exchange efficiencies were examined seasonally, diurnally, as a function of atmospheric stability, and in terms of distinct, spatially-variable surface cover attributes. Transport of momentum and scalars exhibited varied dependencies that resulted in dissimilar exchange efficiencies; r_wT was primarily moderated by stability, time of day and year, and surface patchiness, r_uw was mostly affected by stability and surface roughness, and r_wh and r_wc were mostly affected by surface patchiness. As source/sink heterogeneity increased, exchange became less efficient. Competing sources and sinks acting simultaneously on a turbulent entity resulted in an exchange efficiency closer to zero. Under stable conditions, r_wT, r_wh, r_uw, and r_wc depended mostly on stability, while surface heterogeneity contributed more to dissimilarities between momentum and scalar exchange efficiencies under unstable conditions.
Small-time asymptotics for fast mean-reverting stochastic volatility models
Creators: name: Feng, Jin
name: Fouque, Jean-Pierre
name: Kumar, Rohini
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Pricing of Securities (q-fin.PR)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we study stochastic volatility models in regimes where the maturity is small, but large compared to the mean-reversion time of the stochastic volatility factor. The problem falls in the class of averaging/homogenization problems for nonlinear HJB-type equations where the "fast variable" lives in a noncompact space. We develop a general argument based on viscosity solutions which we apply to the two regimes studied in the paper. We derive a large deviation principle, and we deduce asymptotic prices for out-of-the-money call and put options, and their corresponding implied volatilities. The results of this paper generalize the ones obtained in Feng, Forde and Fouque [SIAM J. Financial Math. 1 (2010) 126-141] by a moment generating function computation in the particular case of the Heston model.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/11-AAP801 the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Recent advances in the application of the burgess reagent in organic synthesis
Creators: name: Mommahed Heravi, Majid
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 30302 Nanochemistry and Supramolecular Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 39904 Organometallic Chemistry
subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: 30502 Natural Products Chemistry
subject: 30599 Organic Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Chemistry
subject: 30205 Non-metal Chemistry
subject: Nuclear Chemistry
subject: Supramolecular Chemistry
subject: 30504 Organic Green Chemistry
subject: 30303 Optical Properties of Materials

description: This review focuses on the recent applications of Burgess reagent in the synthesis of organic compounds, with the emphasis, on the total synthesis of natural occurring products.
Simulation of QCD with N f = 2 + 1 flavors of non-perturbatively improved Wilson fermions
Creators: name: Bruno, Mattia
name: Djukanovic, D.
name: Engel, Georg P.
name: Francis, Anthony
name: Herdoiza, G.
name: Horch, H.
name: Korcyl, P.
name: Korzec, T.
name: Papinutto, M.
name: Schaefer, Stefan
name: Scholz, Enno
name: Simeth, Jakob
name: Simma, H.
name: Söldner, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Lattice QCD; Lattice Gauge Field Theories
subject: 530 Physik

description: In this paper we present a new technique for analysis of transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions, based on the Bessel weighting formalism. The procedure is applied to studies of the double longitudinal spin asymmetry in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering using a new dedicated Monte Carlo generator which includes quark intrinsic transverse momentum within the generalized parton model. Using a fully differential cross section for the process, the effect of four momentum conservation is analyzed using various input models for transverse momentum distributions and fragmentation functions. We observe a few percent systematic offset of the Bessel-weighted asymmetry obtained from Monte Carlo extraction compared to input model calculations, which is due to the limitations imposed by the energy and momentum conservation at the given energy/ Q 2 . We find that the Bessel weighting technique provides a powerful and reliable tool to study the Fourier transform of TMDs with controlled systematics due to experimental acceptances and resolutions with different TMD model inputs.
description: Projekt SCOAP3