cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Energy Dependence of Moments of Net-Proton and Net-Charge Multiplicity Distributions at STAR
Creators: name: Luo, Xiaofeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the energy dependence of moments of net-proton and net-charge multiplicity distributions in Au+Au collisions measured by the STAR experiment in the first phase of the Beam Energy Scan (BES) at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). By using the time of flight detector for particle identification, the upper transverse momentum ($p_{T}$) limit for proton and anti-proton is extended from 0.8 GeV/c up to 2 GeV/c. The $p_{T}$ and rapidity acceptance dependence study for the moments of net-proton distribution show that the larger the acceptance is, the greater the deviation from unity. The most pronounced structure is found in the energy dependence of {\KV} of net-proton distributions from the $0\sim5%$ most central collisions within $0.4
description: 10 pages, 5 figures. Proceedings of 9th "Critical Point and Oneset of Deconfinement"(CPOD2014) Conference, Bielefeld, Germany. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1501.03010
Anisotropic photoemission time delays close to a Fano resonance
Creators: name: Cirelli, Claudio
name: Marante, Carlos
name: Heuser, Sebastian
name: Petersson, C.L.M.
name: Galán, Álvaro Jiménez
name: Argenti, Luca
name: Zhong, Shiyang
name: Busto, David
name: Isinger, Marcus
name: Nandi, Saikat
name: Maclot, Sylvain
name: Rading, Linnea
name: Johnsson, Per
name: Gisselbrecht, Mathieu
name: Lucchini, Matteo
name: Gallmann, Lukas
name: Dahlström, J. Marcus
name: Lindroth, Eva
name: L’Huillier, Anne
name: Martín, Fernando
name: Keller, Ursula
Publisher: name: [London] : Nature Publishing Group UK
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: anisotropy
subject: correlation
subject: electron
subject: interferometry
subject: ionization
subject: resonance
subject: 500
subject: 530

description: Electron correlation and multielectron effects are fundamental interactions that govern many physical and chemical processes in atomic, molecular and solid state systems. The process of autoionization, induced by resonant excitation of electrons into discrete states present in the spectral continuum of atomic and molecular targets, is mediated by electron correlation. Here we investigate the attosecond photoemission dynamics in argon in the 20-40 eV spectral range, in the vicinity of the 3s -1 np autoionizing resonances. We present measurements of the differential photoionization cross section and extract energy and angle-dependent atomic time delays with an attosecond interferometric method. With the support of a theoretical model, we are able to attribute a large part of the measured time delay anisotropy to the presence of autoionizing resonances, which not only distort the phase of the emitted photoelectron wave packet but also introduce an angular dependence.
Adversarial Collaborative Filtering for Free
Creators: name: Chen, Huiyuan
name: Li, Xiaoting
name: Lai, Vivian
name: Yeh, Chin-Chia Michael
name: Fan, Yujie
name: Zheng, Yan
name: Das, Mahashweta
name: Yang, Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Collaborative Filtering (CF) has been successfully used to help users discover the items of interest. Nevertheless, existing CF methods suffer from noisy data issue, which negatively impacts the quality of recommendation. To tackle this problem, many prior studies leverage adversarial learning to regularize the representations of users/items, which improves both generalizability and robustness. Those methods often learn adversarial perturbations and model parameters under min-max optimization framework. However, there still have two major drawbacks: 1) Existing methods lack theoretical guarantees of why adding perturbations improve the model generalizability and robustness; 2) Solving min-max optimization is time-consuming. In addition to updating the model parameters, each iteration requires additional computations to update the perturbations, making them not scalable for industry-scale datasets. In this paper, we present Sharpness-aware Collaborative Filtering (SharpCF), a simple yet effective method that conducts adversarial training without extra computational cost over the base optimizer. To achieve this goal, we first revisit the existing adversarial collaborative filtering and discuss its connection with recent Sharpness-aware Minimization. This analysis shows that adversarial training actually seeks model parameters that lie in neighborhoods around the optimal model parameters having uniformly low loss values, resulting in better generalizability. To reduce the computational overhead, SharpCF introduces a novel trajectory loss to measure the alignment between current weights and past weights. Experimental results on real-world datasets demonstrate that our SharpCF achieves superior performance with almost zero additional computational cost comparing to adversarial training.
Projected Least-Squares Quantum Process Tomography
Creators: name: Surawy-Stepney, Trystan
name: Kahn, Jonas
name: Kueng, Richard
name: Guta, Madalin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Other Statistics (stat.OT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Primary: 81P47. Secondary: 62P35

description: We propose and investigate a new method of quantum process tomography (QPT) which we call projected least squares (PLS). In short, PLS consists of first computing the least-squares estimator of the Choi matrix of an unknown channel, and subsequently projecting it onto the convex set of Choi matrices. We consider four experimental setups including direct QPT with Pauli eigenvectors as input and Pauli measurements, and ancilla-assisted QPT with mutually unbiased bases (MUB) measurements. In each case, we provide a closed form solution for the least-squares estimator of the Choi matrix. We propose a novel, two-step method for projecting these estimators onto the set of matrices representing physical quantum channels, and a fast numerical implementation in the form of the hyperplane intersection projection algorithm. We provide rigorous, non-asymptotic concentration bounds, sampling complexities and confidence regions for the Frobenius and trace-norm error of the estimators. For the Frobenius error, the bounds are linear in the rank of the Choi matrix, and for low ranks, they improve the error rates of the least squares estimator by a factor $d^2$, where $d$ is the system dimension. We illustrate the method with numerical experiments involving channels on systems with up to 7 qubits, and find that PLS has highly competitive accuracy and computational tractability.
description: 13+9 pages, 8 figures
Impact of geolocation data on augmented reality usability: A comparative user test
Creators: name: Mercier, Julien
name: Chabloz, N.
name: Dozot, G.
name: Audrin, C.
name: Ertz, O.
name: Bocher, E.
name: Rappo, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Abstract. While the use of location-based augmented reality (AR) for education has demonstrated benefits on participants' motivation, engagement, and on their physical activity, geolocation data inaccuracy causes augmented objects to jitter or drift, which is a factor in downgrading user experience. We developed a free and open source web AR application and conducted a comparative user test (n = 54) in order to assess the impact of geolocation data on usability, exploration, and focus. A control group explored biodiversity in nature using the system in combination with embedded GNSS data, and an experimental group used an external module for RTK data. During the test, eye tracking data, geolocated traces, and in-app user-triggered events were recorded. Participants answered usability questionnaires (SUS, UEQ, HARUS).We found that the geolocation data the RTK group was exposed to was less accurate in average than that of the control group. The RTK group reported lower usability scores on all scales, of which 5 out of 9 were significant, indicating that inaccurate data negatively predicts usability. The GNSS group walked more than the RTK group, indicating a partial effect on exploration. We found no significant effect on interaction time with the screen, indicating no specific relation between data accuracy and focus. While RTK data did not allow us to better the usability of location-based AR interfaces, results allow us to assess our system's overall usability as excellent, and to define optimal operating conditions for future use with pupils.
Continual Contrastive Learning for Image Classification
Creators: name: Lin, Zhiwei
name: Wang, Yongtao
name: Lin, Hongxiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently, self-supervised representation learning gives further development in multimedia technology. Most existing self-supervised learning methods are applicable to packaged data. However, when it comes to streamed data, they are suffering from a catastrophic forgetting problem, which is not studied extensively. In this paper, we make the first attempt to tackle the catastrophic forgetting problem in the mainstream self-supervised methods, i.e., contrastive learning methods. Specifically, we first develop a rehearsal-based framework combined with a novel sampling strategy and a self-supervised knowledge distillation to transfer information over time efficiently. Then, we propose an extra sample queue to help the network separate the feature representations of old and new data in the embedding space. Experimental results show that compared with the naive self-supervised baseline, which learns tasks one by one without taking any technique, we improve the image classification accuracy by 1.60% on CIFAR-100, 2.86% on ImageNet-Sub, and 1.29% on ImageNet-Full under 10 incremental steps setting. Our code will be available at https://github.com/VDIGPKU/ContinualContrastiveLearning.
description: Accepted in ICME2022
Maternal anthropometry for prediction of pregnancy outcomes: Memorandum from a USAID/WHO/PAHO/MotherCare meeting
Creators: name: Harrison, G.G.
name: Gonzales-Cossio, T.
name: Adair, L.
name: Atalah, E.
name: Berggren, G.
name: Husaini, M.A.
name: Haas, J.
name: Anderson, M.A.
name: Fescina, R.
name: Caplan, P.
name: Huffman, S.
name: Garn, S.
name: Clay, R.
name: Gupta, G.R.
name: Gueri, M.
name: Griffiths, M.
name: Casanueva, E.
name: Agarwal, K.N.
name: Kelly, A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1991

description: The meeting discussed two main areas concerning maternal anthropometry in developing countries: (1) how various anthropometric indicators can be best utilized for assessing and monitoring the nutritional status of women at different times in their reproductive lives, and (2) the predictive value of various anthropometric indicators for identifying benefit or risk for maternal and perinatal/neonatal health and nutritional outcomes of pregnancy. The indicators discussed were prepregnancy weight, height, weight gain in pregnancy, arm circumference, weight-for-height and body mass index (weight (kg)/height (m)2). Some 50 experts reached consensus on the tools for assessing maternal nutritional status for widespread field application in developing countries, and on priority research needs. This Memorandum summarizes the general recommendations which have important and immediate field applications, as well as priority research issues related to specific indicators.
NEURAL REPRESENTATION OF AUDITORY STIMULI IN DIFFERENT BEHAVIORAL PARADIGMS IN FERRET FRONTAL CORTEX
Creators: name: Liu, Wanyi
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: The frontal cortex (FC) plays a key role in higher-order cognitive functions and goal-directed behaviors. It is also crucial for the top-down modulation of sensory processing. In auditory tasks, FC interacts with the auditory cortex (AC) dynamically, which modulates the activity of AC to adaptively process and represent task-relevant signals. Task paradigm is an essential factor that influences frontal responses and top-down modulation. The attentional effect on sensory processing varies with different behavioral requirements and reward structures. Therefore, the neural mechanisms of top-down control may vary in different behavioral task paradigms. This study investigates how the neural representation of auditory stimuli in dorsolateral FC of the ferret is shaped by task and reward structure during different behavioral tasks. The results show that frontal neurons have differential responses and selectivity during the two behavioral tasks, and diverse temporal dynamics associated with task variables.
Letter from the Editors
Creators: name: Borrut, Antoine
Publisher: name: Al-ʿUsur al-Wusta
Year: 2015

description: This new issue of al-ʿUṣūr al-Wusṭā (UW) marks a turning point. UW began in 1989 as a newsletter, edited by Sam Gellens, a co-founder with Richard Bulliet of Middle East Medievalists. Fred Donner, as president of MEM (1992-1994), then expanded UW into a substantial bulletin, the first issue of which appeared in 1992 (4:1). He added new features: research articles and reviews of books in Arabic and other Middle Eastern languages, thus publications about which many of us would not have been aware. The bulletin has played an invaluable role in this sense, and in continuing to provide news of developments in the discipline.
description: Al-ʿUsur al-Wusta, Vol. 23 No. 1 (2015): Al-ʿUṣūr al-Wusṭā
Pile-Up Mitigation using Attention
Creators: name: Maier, Benedikt
name: Narayanan, Siddharth M.
name: de Castro, Gianfranco
name: Goncharov, Maxim
name: Paus, Christoph
name: Schott, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Particle production from secondary proton-proton collisions, commonly referred to as pile-up, impair the sensitivity of both new physics searches and precision measurements at LHC experiments. We propose a novel algorithm, PUMA, for identifying pile-up objects with the help of deep neural networks based on sparse transformers. These attention mechanisms were developed for natural language processing but have become popular in other applications. In a realistic detector simulation, our method outperforms classical benchmark algorithms for pile-up mitigation in key observables. It provides a perspective for mitigating the effects of pile-up in the high luminosity era of the LHC, where up to 200 proton-proton collisions are expected to occur simultaneously.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures, final published version
D1.5 Report on interdisciplinary conceptual and methodological approaches - Update
Creators: name: Graversgaard, Morten
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This report is a status update on the progress of deliverable 1.3, which aimed to improve the common understanding of how the trans4num project addresses NBS from an inter- and transdisciplinary perspective and how we can develop nested frames and approaches for the interdisciplinary analyses of NBS across sites and scales.
The Bacon Chow study: Effect of nutritional supplementation on maternal weight and skinfold thicknesses during pregnancy and lactation
Creators: name: Adair, L.S.
name: Mueller, W.H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1984

description: 1. Effects of a feeding programme on maternal weight, triceps and subscapular skinfolds during pregnancy and lactation were assessed in a marginally undernourished population of rural Taiwan. Mothers participated during two pregnancy and lactation periods. At 3 weeks after the delivery of the first infant, one group of 114 mothers began consuming a nutrient-dense supplement (A), while another group of 111 received a placebo (B). 2. There was no significant A-B difference in pregnancy weight gain (A 7.52 kg, B 7.75 kg) or in mean maternal weight, triceps or subscapular skinfolds at any time during pregnancy or lactation. Despite a general trend toward moderate weight loss during lactation, one-third of mothers in both groups gained weight. Highly significant increases in weight and skinfold thicknesses from one lactation period to the next characterized both groups. 3. The absence of demonstrable supplement-effects on maternal anthropometry concomitant with increments in infant birth weight supports the notion that infants can benefit from maternal supplementation without changes in maternal nutritional status.
Unified framework of the microscopic Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation and its application to Skyrmion dynamics
Creators: name: Xu, Fuming
name: Li, Gaoyang
name: Chen, Jian
name: Yu, Zhizhou
name: Zhang, Lei
name: Wang, Baigeng
name: Wang, Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert (LLG) equation is widely used to describe magnetization dynamics. We develop a unified framework of the microscopic LLG equation based on the nonequilibrium Green's function formalism. We present a unified treatment for expressing the microscopic LLG equation in several limiting cases, including the adiabatic, inertial, and nonadiabatic limits with respect to the precession frequency for a magnetization with fixed magnitude, as well as the spatial adiabatic limit for the magnetization with slow variation in both its magnitude and direction. The coefficients of those terms in the microscopic LLG equation are explicitly expressed in terms of nonequilibrium Green's functions. As a concrete example, this microscopic theory is applied to simulate the dynamics of a magnetic Skyrmion driven by quantum parametric pumping. Our work provides a practical formalism of the microscopic LLG equation for exploring magnetization dynamics.
Zero Surface Tension Limit of the Free-Boundary Problem in Incompressible Magnetohydrodynamics
Creators: name: Gu, Xumin
name: Luo, Chenyun
name: Zhang, Junyan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that the solution of the free-boundary incompressible ideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations with surface tension converges to that of the free-boundary incompressible ideal MHD equations without surface tension given the Rayleigh-Taylor sign condition holds true initially. This result is a continuation of the authors' previous works [17,32,16]. Our proof is based on the combination of the techniques developed in our previous works [17,32,16], Alinhac good unknowns, and a crucial anti-symmetric structure on the boundary.
description: 35 pages. Final version, accepted by Nonlinearity. We extend the result to the case of a general diffeomorphism
D-module approach to Liouville's Theorem for difference operators
Creators: name: Cheng, Kam Hang
name: Chiang, Yik-Man
name: Ching, Avery
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30D10, 47B47 (Primary), 12H05, 12H10, 13N10 (Secondary)

description: We establish analogues of Liouville's theorem in the complex function theory, with the differential operator replaced by various difference operators. This is done generally by the extraction of (formal) Taylor coefficients using a residue map which measures the obstruction having local "anti-derivative". The residue map is based on a Weyl algebra or $q$-Weyl algebra structure satisfied by each corresponding operator. This explains the different senses of "boundedness" required by the respective analogues of Liouville's theorem in this article.
description: 17 pages
Metabolic Derangements and Cardiac Functional Assessment in Type 2 Diabetes
Creators: name: Athithan, Lavanya
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Background: Impaired metabolic flexibility may contribute to the development of cardiac dysfunction in T2D. Evidence has shown ethnic differences in baseline cardiac structure and function. Liver fat fraction is an important noninvasive measure of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in T2D. Aims: 1. Compare the effect of adenosine vs dobutamine on myocardial blood flow (MBF) in asymptomatic controls. 2. Evaluate myocardial substrate preferences in response to acute increases in cardiac workload in T2D. 3. Assess for an ethnicity driven differential response to a low-calorie diet (LCD) in compliance, and cardiac structure and function. 4. Determine the agreement between volumetric liver fat fraction (VLFF) measurements using the HepaFat-Scan® technique at 1.5T and 3T. Methods: Firstly, we assessed MBF on cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) comparing adenosine against dobutamine stress in 11 healthy controls. In the CardioMET Study, 8 eligible participants underwent transmyocardial arteriovenous blood sampling to calculate concentration of metabolites in paired coronary sinus and arterial samples at rest and during dobutamine stress. We assessed cardiac response to dobutamine stress on CMR. Additionally, we compared the cardiovascular structural and functional effects in 15 Western Europeans (WE) and 12 South Asians (SA) with T2D on a LCD. Sixty T2D participants were scanned same day using the HepaFat-Scan® gradient echo protocol to assess for agreement and bias in VLFF. Results and Conclusions: 1. There is no significant difference in myocardial blood flow between adenosine and dobutamine stress. 2. 3HBA extraction fraction was significantly increased in T2D compared to controls at peak stress. Therefore, in T2D, cardiac metabolism shifts to ketones during stress as a significant fuel source. 3. WE were more compliant to a LCD than SA with better cardiometabolic profile improvement but no significant difference in change in cardiac function. 4. There is minimal bias and excellent agreement between the measures of VLFF using the HepaFat-Scan® at 1.5 and 3T.
Let the CAT out of the bag: Contrastive Attributed explanations for Text
Creators: name: Chemmengath, Saneem
name: Azad, Amar Prakash
name: Luss, Ronny
name: Dhurandhar, Amit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Contrastive explanations for understanding the behavior of black box models has gained a lot of attention recently as they provide potential for recourse. In this paper, we propose a method Contrastive Attributed explanations for Text (CAT) which provides contrastive explanations for natural language text data with a novel twist as we build and exploit attribute classifiers leading to more semantically meaningful explanations. To ensure that our contrastive generated text has the fewest possible edits with respect to the original text, while also being fluent and close to a human generated contrastive, we resort to a minimal perturbation approach regularized using a BERT language model and attribute classifiers trained on available attributes. We show through qualitative examples and a user study that our method not only conveys more insight because of these attributes, but also leads to better quality (contrastive) text. Quantitatively, we show that our method outperforms other state-of-the-art methods across four data sets on four benchmark metrics.
Maternal anthropometric changes during pregnancy and lactation in a rural Taiwanese population
Creators: name: Mueller, W.H.
name: Pollitt, E.
name: Adair, L.S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1983

description: Changes in maternal weight, triceps, and subscapular skinfold thickness during 2 consecutive pregnancies (n=125) and lactation periods (n=225) are described for a sample of rural Taiwanese women studied during a longitudinal nutrition intervention study. Mean pregnancy weight gain was 7.63 kg, with a maximum weight velocity of 1.46 kg/month in 2nd trimester. Skinfold thicknesses increased slightly early in pregnancy, then declined during the last trimester, reaching a minimum just after birth. After an initial increase from birth to 1 postpartum month, mean weight and skinfold thicknesses declined throughout lactation. Closer examination revealed that 1/3 of the mothers gained weight and a greater proportion gained skinfold thickness during 12-15 months of lactation. Mothers who lost weight tended to have been fatter at the beginning of lactation compared with those who gained weight. Individual weight change patterns of the 1st lactation period studied (L1) were replicated by 87% of the women during the 2nd (L2). Due in part to a secular trend, mothers weighed more and tended to have thicker skinfolds during L2 compared with L1. Birth intervals (mean=758 days) were related to anthropometric maternal variables: fatter mothers had longer birth intervals. Anthropometric data interpreted in the context of energy balance demonstrate that the Taiwanese population, although it could be considered malnourished based on caloric intake estimates by and comparison with US weight for height standards, shows no evidence of longterm energy dificits. Rather, as judged by moderate weight and skinfold increases with time and by reproductive success, the population is well adapted.
On the most reliable value of the Galactic aberration constant
Creators: name: Malkin, Zinovy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galactic aberration (GA) is a small effect in proper motions of celestial objects with an amplitude of about 5 $μ$as/yr already noticeable in highly accurate astrometric observations such as VLBI and Gaia. However accurate accounting for this effect faces difficulty caused by the uncertainty in the GA amplitude (GA constant). Its estimates derived from VLBI and Gaia data processing differ significantly, so it would be very desirable to involve another independent method to solve the problem of inconsistency between these two methods. Such a method, that we consider in this paper, is using determination of the Galactic rotation parameters by methods of stellar astronomy. The result obtained in this study showed that the GA constant estimate obtained from stellar astronomy is closer to the estimate obtained from Gaia.
EEATC: A Novel Calibration Approach for Low-cost Sensors
Creators: name: Narayana, M V
name: Jalihal, Devendra
name: Nagendra, Shiva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Low-cost sensors (LCS) are affordable, compact, and often portable devices designed to measure various environmental parameters, including air quality. These sensors are intended to provide accessible and cost-effective solutions for monitoring pollution levels in different settings, such as indoor, outdoor and moving vehicles. However, the data produced by LCS is prone to various sources of error that can affect accuracy. Calibration is a well-known procedure to improve the reliability of the data produced by LCS, and several developments and efforts have been made to calibrate the LCS. This work proposes a novel Estimated Error Augmented Two-phase Calibration (\textit{EEATC}) approach to calibrate the LCS in stationary and mobile deployments. In contrast to the existing approaches, the \textit{EEATC} calibrates the LCS in two phases, where the error estimated in the first phase calibration is augmented with the input to the second phase, which helps the second phase to learn the distributional features better to produce more accurate results. We show that the \textit{EEATC} outperforms well-known single-phase calibration models such as linear regression models (single variable linear regression (SLR) and multiple variable linear regression (MLR)) and Random forest (RF) in stationary and mobile deployments. To test the \textit{EEATC} in stationary deployments, we have used the Community Air Sensor Network (CAIRSENSE) data set approved by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), and the mobile deployments are tested with the real-time data obtained from SensurAir, an LCS device developed and deployed on moving vehicle in Chennai, India.
description: Accepted for IEEE sensors Journal
Challenges and opportunities for antiviral monoclonal antibodies as COVID-19 therapy
Creators: name: Tiruthani, Karthik
name: McSweeney, Morgan
name: Pickles, Raymond
name: Lai, Samuel K.
name: Cruz-Teran, Carlos
name: Ma, Alice
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: To address the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been an unprecedented global effort to advance potent neutralizing mAbs against SARS-CoV-2 as therapeutics. However, numerous historical efforts to advance antiviral mAbs for the treatment of other respiratory infections have been met with categorical failures in the clinic. By investigating the mechanism by which SARS-CoV-2 and similar viruses spread within the lung, along with available biodistribution data for systemically injected mAb, we highlight the challenges faced by current antiviral mAbs for COVID-19. We summarize some of the leading mAbs currently in development, and present the evidence supporting inhaled delivery of antiviral mAb as early intervention against COVID-19 that could prevent important pulmonary morbidities associated with the infection.
Probabilistic Omnidirectional Path Loss Models for Millimeter-Wave Outdoor Communications
Creators: name: Samimi, Mathew K.
name: Rappaport, Theodore S.
name: MacCartney, George R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This letter presents a probabilistic omnidirectional millimeter-wave path loss model based on real-world 28 GHz and 73 GHz measurements collected in New York City. The probabilistic path loss approach uses a free space line-of-sight propagation model, and for non-line-of-sight conditions uses either a close-in free space reference distance path loss model or a floating-intercept path loss model. The probabilistic model employs a weighting function that specifies the line-of-sight probability for a given transmitter-receiver separation distance. Results show that the probabilistic path loss model offers virtually identical results whether one uses a non-line-of-sight close-in free space reference distance path loss model, with a reference distance of 1 meter, or a floating-intercept path loss model. This letter also shows that site-specific environmental information may be used to yield the probabilistic weighting function for choosing between line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight conditions.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, IEEE Wireless Communications Letters (March 2015)
Relevance of Shear Transformations in the Relaxation of Supercooled Liquids
Creators: name: Lerbinger, Matthias
name: Barbot, Armand
name: Vandembroucq, Damien
name: Patinet, Sylvain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While deeply supercooled liquids exhibit divergent viscosity and increasingly heterogeneous dynamics as the temperature drops, their structure shows only seemingly marginal changes. Understanding the nature of relaxation processes in this dramatic slowdown is key for understanding the glass transition. Here, we show by atomistic simulations that the heterogeneous dynamics of glass-forming liquids strongly correlate with the local residual plastic strengths along soft directions computed in the initial inherent structures. The correlation increases with decreasing temperature and is maximum in the vicinity of the relaxation time. For the lowest temperature investigated, this maximum is comparable with the best values from the literature dealing with the structure-property relationship. However, the nonlinear probe of the local shear resistance in soft directions provides here a real-space picture of relaxation processes. Our detection method of thermal rearrangements allows us to investigate the first passage time statistics and to study the scaling between the activation energy barriers and the residual plastic strengths. These results shed new light on the nature of relaxations of glassy systems by emphasizing the analogy between the thermal relaxations in viscous liquids and the plastic shear transformation in amorphous solids.
Floquet Non-Abelian Topological Insulator and Multifold Bulk-Edge Correspondence
Creators: name: Li, Tianyu
name: Hu, Haiping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological phases characterized by non-Abelian charges are beyond the scope of the paradigmatic tenfold way and have gained increasing attention recently. Here we investigate topological insulators with multiple tangled gaps in Floquet settings and identify uncharted Floquet non-Abelian topological insulators without any static or Abelian analog. We demonstrate that the bulk-edge correspondence is multifold and follows the multiplication rule of the quaternion group $Q_8$. The same quaternion charge corresponds to several distinct edge-state configurations that are fully determined by phase-band singularities of the time evolution. In the anomalous non-Abelian phase, edge states appear in all bandgaps despite trivial quaternion charge. Furthermore, we uncover an exotic swap effect -- the emergence of interface modes with swapped driving, which is a signature of the non-Abelian dynamics and absent in Floquet Abelian systems. Our work, for the first time, presents Floquet topological insulators characterized by non-Abelian charges and opens up exciting possibilities for exploring the rich and uncharted territory of non-equilibrium topological phases.
description: 8+7 pages
Characterizing quantum instruments: from non-demolition measurements to quantum error correction
Creators: name: Stricker, Roman
name: Vodola, Davide
name: Erhard, Alexander
name: Postler, Lukas
name: Meth, Michael
name: Ringbauer, Martin
name: Schindler, Philipp
name: Blatt, Rainer
name: Müller, Markus
name: Monz, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In quantum information processing quantum operations are often processed alongside measurements which result in classical data. Due to the information gain of classical measurement outputs non-unitary dynamical processes can take place on the system, for which common quantum channel descriptions fail to describe the time evolution. Quantum measurements are correctly treated by means of so-called quantum instruments capturing both classical outputs and post-measurement quantum states. Here we present a general recipe to characterize quantum instruments alongside its experimental implementation and analysis. Thereby, the full dynamics of a quantum instrument can be captured, exhibiting details of the quantum dynamics that would be overlooked with common tomography techniques. For illustration, we apply our characterization technique to a quantum instrument used for the detection of qubit loss and leakage, which was recently implemented as a building block in a quantum error correction (QEC) experiment (Nature 585, 207-210 (2020)). Our analysis reveals unexpected and in-depth information about the failure modes of the implementation of the quantum instrument. We then numerically study the implications of these experimental failure modes on QEC performance, when the instrument is employed as a building block in QEC protocols on a logical qubit. Our results highlight the importance of careful characterization and modelling of failure modes in quantum instruments, as compared to simplistic hardware-agnostic phenomenological noise models, which fail to predict the undesired behavior of faulty quantum instruments. The presented methods and results are directly applicable to generic quantum instruments.
description: 28 pages, 21 figures
Description of an Air-Oil Test Set-Up for ACOC Heat Exchangers Testing
Creators: name:  J. VINCKE
name:   O. BERTEN
name:   P. HENDRICK
Publisher: name: Proceedings of  the 9th European Conference for Aerospace Sciences. Lille, France, 27 June - 1 July, 2022
Year: 2022
Subjects: PROPULSION PHYSICS
AIR BREATHING
RAMJET
SCRAMJET

description: The Air Cooled Oil Cooler (ACOC) heat exchanger is an important element of the lubrication system of aero engines. The aim of the lubrication system is to cool and to lubricate the bearings and gears of the engine to ensure its proper working. The ACOC heat exchanger is complementary to another heat exchanger in the lubrication system, the Fuel Cooled Oil Cooler (FCOC) which cooles the oil by exchanging its heat to warm up the fuel before the injection. But there is a maximal temperature for fuel before the injection. Therefore an ACOC heat exchanger is placed in the system to extract the excess temperature of the oil.\\\\ The Aero-Thermo-Mechanics department of the Universit\\\'{e} libre de Bruxelles (ULB) has developed two test set-ups for the charaterisation of ACOC prototypes: a low air flow rate set-up for the experimental testing of small scale ACOC prototypes and a higher air flow rate set-up for real scales prototypes and more realistic flight conditions. The two test benches are complementary. The low air flow rate set-up is able to deliver a maximum air flow rate of 250 g/s based on a blowdown system with a 40 bar air tank \\cite{ref1}. The larger air flow facility can performed experimental campaigns on larger matrices of Additive Layers Manufacturing (ALM) ACOC prototypes. This test set-up is able to reach a maximum air mass flow rate of 700 g/s at a surpression of 1 bar. One of the particularities of the two test rigs is the control of the temperature of the air at the inlet of the ACOC heat exchanger. The air flow can be heated at a required temperature. In the test section of the air line multiple sensors are set in order to characterise the air flow at the inlet and the outlet of the prototypes. The oil circuit is similar in the two benches. It is composed of a tank, an oil heater, a pump and various sensors. The temperature of the oil can be controlled to a required value up to 200 $^\\circ$C. The objectives of the different experimental campaigns on this test rig are to measure the air pressure drop due to the ACOC heat exchanger, the thermal efficiency and the air velocity profiles at the inlet and the outlet of various prototypes for different air flow rates \\cite{ref2}. \\\\ The paper will present the two benches in more details and the different air and oil conditions that can be obtained in the benches. The oil part or the air part of the two test benches can be operated separately.
Resonance frequency shift of strongly heated micro-cantilevers
Creators: name: Sandoval, Felipe Aguilar
name: Geitner, Mickael
name: Bertin, Éric
name: Bellon, Ludovic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In optical detection setups to measure the deflection of micro-cantilevers, part of the sensing light is absorbed, heating the mechanical probe. We present experimental evidences of a frequency shift of the resonant modes of a cantilever when the light power of the optical measurement set-up is increased. This frequency shift is a signature of the temperature rise, and presents a dependence on the mode number. An analytical model is derived to take into account the temperature profile along the cantilever, it shows that the frequency shifts are given by an average of the profile weighted by the local curvature for each resonant mode. We apply this framework to measurements in vacuum and demonstrate that huge temperatures can be reached with moderate light intensities: a thousand {\textdegree}C with little more than 10 mW. We finally present some insight into the physical phenomena when the cantilever is in air instead of vacuum.
Wind Tunnel Experiments of the CALLISTO VTVL Launcher in the TMK and HST Wind Tunnels
Creators: name:  J. RIEHMER
name:   K. KAPTEIJN
name:   J. KLEVANSKI
name:   A. GULHAN
name:   E. DUMONT
Publisher: name: Proceedings of  the 9th European Conference for Aerospace Sciences. Lille, France, 27 June - 1 July, 2022
Year: 2022
Subjects: REUSABLE SYSTEMS
SPACE ACCESS
CALLISTO

description: CALLISTO is a demonstrator for a first stage of a reusable vertical take-off, vertical landing rocket and is developed and build within a collaboration of DLR, CNES and JAXA [1]. DLR is leading the aero science team [2] and is in charge of the aerodynamic and aerothermodynamic characterisation of the vehicle. Within this task, experimental work has been carried out at two different wind tunnels on two different models in order to determine the aerodynamic coefficients and uncertainties for the AErodynamic Data Base (AEDB) of the vehicle with focus on the backward oriented configuration. First data was obtained in the Trisonic Wind Tunnel (TMK) at the DLR Department of Supersonic- and Hypersonic Flow Technologies in Cologne for a 1:35 model in a Mach number range from 0.5 up to 2.0. The second dataset was generated in the transonic wind tunnel (HST) of the DNW in Amsterdam for a 1:10 model in a Mach number range of 0.2 up to 1.3. Within this paper, the data from the two aforementioned facilities is compared with wind tunnel data of a simplified CALLISTO model [3,4,5] and the data [2] generated from numerical simulations. The results showed good agreement between the different facilities and datasets and was used to verify and improve the AEDB, especially in terms of uncertainties.
rustworkx: A High-Performance Graph Library for Python
Creators: name: Treinish, Matthew
name: Carvalho, Ivan
name: Tsilimigkounakis, Georgios
name: Sá, Nahum
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: E.1

description: In rustworkx, we provide a high-performance, flexible graph library for Python. rustworkx is inspired by NetworkX but addresses many performance concerns of the latter. rustworkx is written in Rust and is particularly suited for performance-sensitive applications that use graph representations.
The aggregate of professed firm culture elements
Creators: name: Dimitrov, Kiril
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 150311 Organisational Behaviour
subject: 150312 Organisational Planning and Management

description: Abstract: The current article explores interesting, significant and recently identified nuances in disclosing the professed firm culture in the virtual realm. Its emphasis is set on two exotic instruments – organizational mantra and memorandum that senior managers in business organizations may use to successfully clarify and communicate what is their business and why they enter it. Keywords: Strategic management, organizational culture, official culture, professed culture, corporate culture, firm culture.
Three-Dimensional Shapes of Spinning Helium Nanodroplets
Creators: name: Langbehn, Bruno
name: Sander, Katharina
name: Ovcharenko, Yevheniy
name: Peltz, Christian
name: Clark, Andrew
name: Coreno, Marcello
name: Cucini, Riccardo
name: Drabbels, Marcel
name: Finetti, Paola
name: Di Fraia, Michele
name: Giannessi, Luca
name: Grazioli, Cesare
name: Iablonskyi, Denys
name: LaForge, Aaron C.
name: Nishiyama, Toshiyuki
name: Oliver Álvarez De Lara, Verónica
name: Piseri, Paolo
name: Plekan, Oksana
name: Ueda, Kiyoshi
name: Zimmermann, Julian
name: Prince, Kevin C.
name: Stienkemeier, Frank
name: Callegari, Carlo
name: Fennel, Thomas
name: Rupp, Daniela
name: Möller, Thomas
Publisher: name: College Park, Md. : APS
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Diffraction patterns
subject: Drops
subject: Electrons
subject: Free electron lasers
subject: Interferometry
subject: 530
subject: 550

description: A significant fraction of superfluid helium nanodroplets produced in a free-jet expansion has been observed to gain high angular momentum resulting in large centrifugal deformation. We measured single-shot diffraction patterns of individual rotating helium nanodroplets up to large scattering angles using intense extreme ultraviolet light pulses from the FERMI free-electron laser. Distinct asymmetric features in the wide-angle diffraction patterns enable the unique and systematic identification of the three-dimensional droplet shapes. The analysis of a large data set allows us to follow the evolution from axisymmetric oblate to triaxial prolate and two-lobed droplets. We find that the shapes of spinning superfluid helium droplets exhibit the same stages as classical rotating droplets while the previously reported metastable, oblate shapes of quantum droplets are not observed. Our three-dimensional analysis represents a valuable landmark for clarifying the interrelation between morphology and superfluidity on the nanometer scale.
Is Feminist Identity Beneficial for Women's Career Aspirations? Examining Feminist Identity Profiles
Creators: name: Lee, Jaeeun
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: career aspirations
subject: feminism
subject: feminist identity
subject: latent profile analysis

description: Sexism harms women’s career aspirations by emphasizing domestic responsibilities over career competence. Having a feminist identity, however, has been shown to buffer against certain negative effects linked to sexism. The present study uses a person-centered approach to identify profiles of feminist identity based on feminist attitudes, private feminist identification, and public feminist identification and examines how the identified profiles are differentially associated with career aspirations, anticipated family-interference-with-work, and willingness to compromise career for family among women. Three profiles of feminist identity (egalitarian, private feminist, public feminist) emerged from responses from 282 female undergraduate and graduate students (Mage = 20.47). Results showed that public feminists and private feminists were less willing to compromise career for family than women who reject the feminist label despite holding feminist attitudes (i.e., egalitarians). Moreover, public feminists reported higher career aspirations than both private feminists and egalitarians. Limitations and implications of these findings are discussed.