cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Il Tecnico di Neurofisiopatologia in ambito neuroriabilitativo e di ricerca scientifica: studio osservazionale di impiego sul territorio nazionale italiano.
Creators: name: Turco, Cristina
name: Zago, Sara
name: Cavinato, Marianna
Publisher: name: Journal of Biomedical Practitioners
Year: 2023

description:       Introduzione


      La figura professionale del Tecnico di Neurofisiopatologia (TNFP) è da sempre correlata all’ambito diagnostico. Tuttavia il numero di tecnici occupati nella ricerca scientifica, o in campo neuroriabilitativo, sta aumentando. Sono infatti sempre più diffuse diverse metodiche di stimolazione cerebrale utilizzate per la neuroriabilitazione ed eseguibili dal TNFP (Stimolazione Magnetica Transcranica ripetitiva, repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation – rTMS; Stimolazione a Corrente Diretta transcranica, transcranial Direct Current Stimulation - tDCS). Inoltre, differenti tecniche di registrazione dei dati funzionali (Magnetoencefalografia – MEG; Elettroencefalogramma ad Alta Densità; High Density Electroencephalogram - HD-EEG; Interfaccia Cervello-Computer, Brain Computer Interface - BCI) effettuabili dal tecnico consentono l’inserimento di questa figura professionale nel settore della ricerca scientifica.


Obiettivo


      Lo studio si propone di conoscere lo stato attuale di impiego dei TNFP Italiani, in ambito neuroriabilitativo e di ricerca scientifica.


Materiali e metodi


      É stato somministrato un questionario, distribuito su tutto il territorio nazionale tramite e-mail e canali social da parte delle commissioni d’albo dei Tecnici di Neurofisiopatologia (Ordini TSRM PSTRP) e dall’Associazione Italiana dei Tecnici di Neurofisiopatologia (AITN).


Risultati


      Dei 91 partecipanti allo studio, 49 TNFP svolgono attività in ambito neuroriabilitativo e/o di ricerca scientifica. Il maggior numero dei partecipanti, 19 su 49 (39%) è impiegato in strutture pubbliche; la tipologia di contratto più frequente è l’assunzione a tempo indeterminato (32 tecnici su 49). Alla domanda relativa alla formazione fornita durante il corso di studi, per l’impiego in tali ambiti, 13 tecnici su 49 hanno dichiarato di non aver ricevuto una preparazione adeguata, 21 di aver avuto una formazione limitata, 10 hanno definito sufficienti le basi fornite, 5 hanno risposto di essere stati adeguatamente preparati durante la Laurea triennale.


Conclusioni


      Una maggior formazione legata alla neuroriabilitazione e alla metodologia di ricerca potrebbe incrementare le competenze dei TNFP e di conseguenza aumentare gli sbocchi lavorativi in tali settori.
description: Journal of Biomedical Practitioners, Vol. 7 No. 2 (2023)
Neutrino emission in the hadronic Synchrotron Mirror Model: the "orphan" TeV flare from 1ES 1959+650
Creators: name: Reimer, A.
name: Boettcher, M.
name: Postnikov, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A challenge to standard leptonic SSC models are so-called orphan TeV flares, i.e. enhanced very high energy (VHE) gamma-ray emission without any contemporaneous X-ray flaring activity, that have recently been observed in TeV-blazars (e.g., 1ES 1959+650). In order to explain the orphan TeV flare of 1ES 1959+650 observed in June 2002, the co-called hadronic synchrotron mirror model has been developed. Here, relativistic protons are proposed to exist in the jet, and interact with reflected electron-synchrotron radiation of the precursor SSC flare. If the reflector is located in the cloud region, time shifts of several days are possible between the precursor and the orphan flare. The external photons, blueshifted in the comoving jet frame, are able to excite the Δ(1232)-resonance when interacting with protons of Lorentz factors γ'_p~10^3-10^4. The decay products of this resonance include charged pions which, upon decay, give rise to neutrino production during the orphan flare. In this paper we calculate the expected neutrino emission for the June 4, 2002, orphan TeV flare of 1ES 1959+650. We compare our results with the recent observations of AMANDA-II of a neutrino event in spatial and temporal coincidence with the orphan flare of this blazar. We find that the expected neutrino signal from the hadronic synchrotron mirror model is insufficient to explain the observed neutrino event from the direction of 1ES 1959+650.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures, accepted by ApJ
Elicitation of evidentials and miscellaneous vocabulary
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Escamilla, Ramón
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio files VP-300717-07a/c: Evidentials; first-person subjects; some more material from de Haan (2001, 2005); some quotative/reportative -ch'in with first-person predicates.
Skewed Thermodynamic Geometry and Optimal Free Energy Estimation
Creators: name: Blaber, Steven
name: Sivak, David A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Free energy differences are a central quantity of interest in physics, chemistry, and biology. We develop design principles that improve the precision and accuracy of free energy estimators, which has potential applications to screening for targeted drug discovery. Specifically, by exploiting the connection between the work statistics of time-reversed protocol pairs, we develop near-equilibrium approximations for moments of the excess work and analyze the dominant contributions to the precision and accuracy of standard nonequilibrium free-energy estimators. Within linear response, minimum-dissipation protocols follow geodesics of the Riemannian metric induced by the Stokes' friction tensor. We find the next-order contribution arises from the rank-3 supra-Stokes' tensor that skews the geometric structure such that minimum-dissipation protocols follow geodesics of a generalized cubic Finsler metric. Thus, near equilibrium the supra-Stokes' tensor determines the leading-order contribution to the bias of bidirectional free-energy estimators.
Self-interacting Dark Matter with Scalar Dilepton Mediator
Creators: name: Kao, Chung
name: Tsai, Yue-Lin Sming
name: Wong, Gwo-Guang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cold dark matter (CDM) candidate with weakly interacting massive particles can successfully explain the observed dark matter relic density in cosmic scale and the large-scale structure of the Universe. However, a number of observations at the satellite galaxy scale seem to be inconsistent with CDM simulation. This is known as the small-scale problem of CDM. In recent years, it has been demonstrated that self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) with a light mediator offers a reasonable explanation for the small-scale problem. We adopt a simple model with SIDM and focus on the effects of Sommerfeld enhancement. In this model, the dark matter candidate is a leptonic scalar particle with a light mediator. We have found several regions of the parameter space with proper masses and coupling strength generating a relic density that is consistent with the observed CDM relic density. Furthermore, this model satisfies the constraints of recent direct searches and indirect detection for dark matter as well as the effective number of neutrinos and the observed small-scale structure of the Universe. In addition, this model with the favored parameters can resolve the discrepancies between astrophysical observations and $N$-body simulations.
description: REVTEX, 32 pages, 11 figures. To be published in Phys. Rev. D
Rutting Models for Asphaltic Concrete and Dense-Graded Aggregate from Repeated-Load Tests
Creators: name: Allen, David L.
name: Deen, Robert C.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1980
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: The development of models to predict rutting in the asphaltic concrete and dense-graded aggregate layers of flexible pavements is reported. The models were developed from data obtained from repeated-load triaxial tests. Details of equipment and methodology are reported.  An asphaltic concrete base mixture was tested at temperatures of 45 F, 77 F, and 100 F. Longitudinal stress levels of 20 psi, 50 psi, and 80 psi were used. The tests were performed unconfined. Most of the specimens were tested to 10,000 cycles of loading. Three sequences of loading were used.  It is noted that temperature and stress level are extremely important in determining the magnitude of permanent deformation. However, the slopes of plots of permanent strain against number of stress repetitions appear to be largely unaffected by these two variables.  All the dense-graded aggregate specimens were compacted at optimum moisture content (4.7 percent) determined from AASHTO T-180. A number of the specimens were allowed to air dry until a moisture content of approximately two percent was reached. The specimens were then tested in that condition. One group of specimens was tested at optimum conditions; a !bird group was tested at conditions "wetter" than optimum. Longitudinal stress levels of 10 psi, 20 psi, and 30 psi were used. Confining pressures ranged from 5 to 15 psi. All specimens were loaded for 1,000 cycles. Each load cycle produced greater permanent deformation in the wetter specimens than in the drier ones. However, the magnitude of the initial load cycle decreased with increasing moisture content.  The two models described in this paper are to be used in tandem to predict rutting for flexible pavement at particular sites after developing the traffic and environmental histories for those sites.
The Operation of an Electrical Heating System for Bridge Decks
Creators: name: Azevedo, Wm. Vernon
name: Deen, Robert C.
name: Havens, James H.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1980
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: The 9th-Street interchange with I 64 in Louisville, Kentucky, was designed and constructed with an automated electrical heating system for snow and ice removal. This report summarizes the operation of the heating system during the first four years. The system was capable of keeping the interchange free of ice and snow accumulation. The average daily slab temperature fell below 0°C (32° F) only on a few occasions. The average cost of electrical power for heating the interchange was $883 per day.
Time-Dependent Self Consistent Harmonic Approximation: Anharmonic nuclear quantum dynamics and time correlation functions
Creators: name: Monacelli, Lorenzo
name: Mauri, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most material properties of great physical interest are directly related to nuclear dynamics, e.g. the ionic thermal conductivity, Raman/IR vibrational spectra, inelastic X-ray, and Neutron scattering. A theory able to compute from first principles these properties, accounting for the anharmonicity and quantum fluctuations in the nuclear energy landscape that can be implemented in systems with hundreds of atoms is missing. Here, we derive an approximate theory for the quantum time evolution of lattice vibrations at finite temperature. This theory introduces the time dynamics in the Self-Consistent Harmonic Approximation (SCHA) and shares with the static case the same computational cost. It is nonempirical, as pure states evolve according to the Dirac least action principle and the dynamics of the thermal ensemble conserves both energy and entropy. The static SCHA is recovered as a stationary solution of the dynamical equations. We apply perturbation theory around the static SCHA solution and derive an algorithm to compute efficiently quantum dynamical response functions. Thanks to this new algorithm, we have access to the response function of any general external time-dependent perturbation, enabling the simulation of phonon spectra without following any perturbative expansion of the nuclear potential or empirical methods. We benchmark the algorithm on the IR and Raman spectroscopy of high-pressure hydrogen phase III, with a simulation cell of 96 atoms. Our work also explores the nonlinear regime of the dynamical nuclear motion, providing a paradigm to simulate the interaction with intense or multiple probes, as in pump-probe spectroscopy, or chemical reactions involving light atoms, as the proton transfer in biomolecules
title: Frictional Performance of Pavements and Estimates of Accident Probability
title: [Dec. 1980]
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Burchett, James L.
name: Rizenbergs, Rolands L.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1980
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: Objectives of this study were to evaluate standard and experimental surfaces throughout Kentucky in terms of skid resistance and effects of traffic, and to provide criteria for judging suitability of these surfaces to satisfy requirements for skid resistance and economics. The effects of traffic were quantified by regression analysis and scatter of data. Criteria included an estimate of accident risks, effects of speed on skid resistance, and seasonal variations in skid resistance.  Pavements on low volume roads (less than 1,000 vehicles per day) maintained adequate skid resistances. Open-graded friction courses, with the possible exception of sections using phosphate slag aggregate, maintained adequate skid resistance to meet design requirements. The adequacy of other pavements may be judged from the criteria provided herein.  Estimates of accident reduction were made by combining the relationship between skid numbers and accidents with the distribution of skid numbers for each pavement type. Those reductions were used to calculate benefits that, along with costs of overlay, were used to determine benefit-cost ratios. Benefits exceeded costs for roads having AADT's greater than 750, 2,500, and 5,000 and SN's less than 24, 30, and 35, respectively.
X-ray populations in galaxies
Creators: name: Fabbiano, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Today's sensistive, high resolution Chandra X-ray observations allow the study of many populations of X-ray sources. The traditional astronomical tools of photometric diagrams and luminosity functions are now applied to these populations, and provide the means for classifying the X-ray sources and probing their evolution. While overall stellar mass drives the amount of X-ray binaries in old stellar population, the amount of sources in star-forming galaxies is related to the star formation rate. Shart-lived, luminous, high mass binaries (HNXBs) dominate these young populations.
description: This is a review talk,to be published in the proceedings of the IAU Symposium 230, Populations of high energy sources in galaxies, held in Dublin (Ireland), August 15-19, 2005
Properties of neutrino transfer in a deformed remnant of neutron star merger
Creators: name: Sumiyoshi, Kohsuke
name: Fujibayashi, Sho
name: Sekiguchi, Yuichiro
name: Shibata, Masaru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study properties of neutrino transfer in a remnant of neutron star merger, consisting of a massive neutron star and a surrounding torus. We perform numerical simulations of the neutrino transfer by solving the Boltzmann equation with momentum-space angles and energies of neutrinos for snapshots of the merger remnant having elongated shapes. The evaluation of the neutrino distributions in the multi-dimensions enable us to provide the detailed information of angle and energy spectra and neutrino reaction rates. We demonstrate features of asymmetric neutrino fluxes from the deformed remnant and investigate the neutrino emission region by determining the neutrinosphere for each energy. We examine the emission and absorption of neutrinos to identify important ingredients of heating rates through neutrino irradiation. We show that the contributions of $μ$- and $τ$-types neutrinos are important for the heating in the region above the massive neutron star. We also examine the angle moments and the Eddington tensor calculated directly by the neutrino distribution functions and compare them with those obtained by a moment closure approach, which is often used in the study of neutrino-radiation hydrodynamics. We show that the components of the Eddington tensor have non-monotonic behaviors and the approximation of the closure relation may become inaccurate for high energy neutrinos, whose fluxes are highly aspherical due to the extended merger remnant.
description: 28 pages, 33 figures, revised version accepted for publication in ApJ
10 Years Later: Cloud Computing is Closing the Performance Gap
Creators: name: Guidi, Giulia
name: Ellis, Marquita
name: Buluc, Aydin
name: Yelick, Katherine
name: Culler, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Can cloud computing infrastructures provide HPC-competitive performance for scientific applications broadly? Despite prolific related literature, this question remains open. Answers are crucial for designing future systems and democratizing high-performance computing. We present a multi-level approach to investigate the performance gap between HPC and cloud computing, isolating different variables that contribute to this gap. Our experiments are divided into (i) hardware and system microbenchmarks and (ii) user application proxies. The results show that today's high-end cloud computing can deliver HPC-competitive performance not only for computationally intensive applications but also for memory- and communication-intensive applications - at least at modest scales - thanks to the high-speed memory systems and interconnects and dedicated batch scheduling now available on some cloud platforms.
MSLED, Neutrino Oscillations and the Cosmological Constant
Creators: name: Matias, J.
name: Burgess, C. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the implications for neutrino masses and mixings within the minimal version of the supersymmetric large-extra-dimensions scenario (MSLED). This model was proposed in {\tt hep-ph/0404135} to extract the phenomenological implications of the promising recent attempt (in {\tt hep-th/0304256}) to address the cosmological constant problem. Remarkably, we find that the simplest couplings between brane and bulk fermions within this approach can lead to a phenomenologically-viable pattern of neutrino masses and mixings that is also consistent with the supernova bounds which are usually the bane of extra-dimensional neutrino models. Under certain circumstances the MSLED scenario can lead to a lepton mixing (PMNS) matrix close to the so-called bi-maximal or the tri-bimaximal forms (which are known to provide a good description of the neutrino oscillation data). We discuss the implications of MSLED models for neutrino phenomenology.
description: 38 pages, 1 figure; Reposted with a few additional references
The Effect of Nitrate-Rich Beetroot Juice on Markers of Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Human Intervention Trials
Creators: name: Jones, Louise
name: Bailey, Stephen J.
name: Rowland, Samantha N.
name: Alsharif, Nehal
name: Shannon, Oliver M.
name: Clifford, Tom
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials examined whether dietary nitrate supplementation attenuates exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) and is reported according to the PRISMA guidelines. Medline and SPORTDiscus databases were searched from inception to June 2020. Inclusion criteria were studies in adult humans consuming inorganic nitrate before and after exercise and that measured markers implicated in the etiology of EIMD (muscle function, muscle soreness, inflammation, myocellular protein efflux, oxidative stress, range of motion) <168 h post. The Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias two tool was used to critically appraise the studies; forest plots were generated with random-effects models and standardized mean differences (SMD). Nine studies were included in the systematic review and six in the meta-analysis. All studies were rated to have some concerns for risk of bias. All trials in the meta-analysis provided nitrate as beetroot juice, which accelerated isometric strength recovery 72 h post-exercise (SMD: 0.54, p = 0.01) and countermovement jump performance 24–72 h post-exercise (SMD range: 0.75-1.32, p < 0.03). Pressure pain threshold was greater with beetroot juice 48 (SMD: 0.58, p = 0.03) and 72 h post-exercise (SMD: 0.61, p = 0.02). Beetroot juice had no effect on markers of oxidative stress and creatine kinase (p > 0.05), but c-reactive protein was higher vs. placebo at 48 h post-exercise (SMD: 0.55, p = 0.03). These findings suggest that nitrate-rich beetroot juice may attenuate some markers of EIMD, but more large-scale controlled trials in elite athletes are needed.
High resolution spectroscopy of stars with transiting planets. The cases of OGLE-TR-10, 56, 111, 113, and TrES-1
Creators: name: Santos, N. C
name: Pont, F.
name: Melo, C.
name: Israelian, G.
name: Bouchy, F.
name: Mayor, M.
name: Moutou, C.
name: Queloz, D.
name: Udry, S.
name: Guillot, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: During the past years photometric surveys, later complemented by follow-up radial-velocity measurements, have revealed the presence of several new extra-solar transiting planets, in very short period orbits. Many of the host stars are extremely faint (V$\sim$16), making high-precision spectroscopic measurements challenging. Aims: We have used the UVES spectrograph (VLT-UT2 telescope) to obtain high resolution spectra of 5 stars hosting transiting planets, namely for OGLE-TR-10, 56, 111, 113 and TrES-1. The immediate objective is to derive accurate stellar parameters and chemical abundances. Methods: The stellar parameters were derived from an LTE analysis of a set of FeI and FeII lines. Results: Complementing the spectroscopic information with photometric transit curves and radial-velocity data from the literature, we have then refined the stellar and planetary radii and masses. The obtained data were also used to study and discuss the relation between the stellar metallicity and orbital period of the planets.
description: Accepted for Publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
The PQCD approach towards to next-to-leading order: a short review
Creators: name: Cheng, Shan
name: Xiao, Zhen-jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this short review we elaborate the significance of resummation in $k_T$ factorization theorem, and summarize the recent progresses in the calculations of the next-to-leading order contributions to B meson decays from the perturbative QCD (PQCD) approach. We also comment on the current status of the PQCD approach and highlight some key issues to develop it in the near future for more phenomenological applications.
description: Typos corrected. Matches the version published on Frontiers of Physics
Simultaneous Grouping and Denoising via Sparse Convex Wavelet Clustering
Creators: name: Weylandt, Michael
name: Roddenberry, T. Mitchell
name: Allen, Genevera I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Clustering is a ubiquitous problem in data science and signal processing. In many applications where we observe noisy signals, it is common practice to first denoise the data, perhaps using wavelet denoising, and then to apply a clustering algorithm. In this paper, we develop a sparse convex wavelet clustering approach that simultaneously denoises and discovers groups. Our approach utilizes convex fusion penalties to achieve agglomeration and group-sparse penalties to denoise through sparsity in the wavelet domain. In contrast to common practice which denoises then clusters, our method is a unified, convex approach that performs both simultaneously. Our method yields denoised (wavelet-sparse) cluster centroids that both improve interpretability and data compression. We demonstrate our method on synthetic examples and in an application to NMR spectroscopy.
description: To appear in IEEE DSLW 2021
Approximate l-state solutions of the D-dimensional Schrodinger equation for Manning-Rosen potential
Creators: name: Ikhdair, Sameer M.
name: Sever, Ramazan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Schrödinger equation in $D$-dimensions for the Manning-Rosen potential with the centrifugal term is solved approximately to obtain bound states eigensolutions (eigenvalues and eigenfunctions). The Nikiforov-Uvarov(NU) method is used in the calculations. We present numerical calculations of energy eigenvalues to two- and four-dimensional systems for arbitrary quantum numbers $n$ and $l$ with three different values of the potential parameter $α.$ It is shown that because of the interdimensional degeneracy of eigenvalues, we can also reproduce eigenvalues of a upper/lower dimensional sytem from the well-known eigenvalues of a lower/upper dimensional system by means of the transformation $(n,l,D)\to (n,l\pm 1,D\mp 2)$. This solution reduces to the Hulthén potential case.
description: 25 pages
On diagonal quantum channels
Creators: name: Arab, Amir R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study diagonal quantum channels and their structure by proving some results and giving most applicable instances of them. Firstly, it is shown that action of every diagonal quantum channel on pure state from computational basis is a convex combination of pure states determined by some transition probabilities. Finally, by using the Cholesky decomposition it is presented an algorithmic method to find an explicit form for Kraus operators of diagonal quantum channels.
description: 11 pages, to appear in Rep. Math. Phys.- Journal- Elsevier
Sasakian Geometry and Einstein Metrics on Spheres
Creators: name: Boyer, Charles P.
name: Galicki, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper is based on a talk presented by the first author at the Short Program on Riemannian Geometry that took place at the Centre de Recherche Mathématiques, Université de Montréal, during the period June 28-July 16, 2004. It is a report on our joint work with János Kollár concerning the existence of an abundance of Einstein metrics on odd dimensional spheres, including exotic spheres.
description: 14 pages, Expository paper to appear in the Proceedings of the Short Program on Riemannian Geometry
Factors controlling guided circular saw cutting behavior
Creators: name: Wang, Shufan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This study consists of an experimental and theoretical investigation of the factors controlling guided circular saw cutting behavior. The work includes preliminary experimental studies, investigation of saw-workpiece interaction mechanisms, sawworkpiece interaction experimental studies and development of a theoretical model. In the preliminary experimental studies, the fundamental questions are: how do guided saws work, and what are the most significant saw design factors? Extensive experiments were conducted to investigate these questions. A fixed-collar saw closely follows the theoretical expectations. A guided saw only weakly follows theoretical expectations. The interaction between the saw and workpiece was identified as an important factor controlling how guided saws work. It is identified as being a significant saw design factor by experimental observations combined with industrial and previous experiences. Interactions between the saw and workpiece are identified as key factors controlling guided saw cutting behavior. Two aspects of saw-workpiece interaction are: 1) the interaction between the saw body and the workpiece, and 2) the interaction between the saw teeth and the workpiece. The first interaction type influences the cutting stability of a guided saw compared with a fixed-collar saw. The second interaction type influences the stability of a climb-cutting saw compared with a counter-cutting saw. Extensive cutting tests were performed to explore the effects of the two interaction types. In general, the experimental results supported the theoretical expectations. A guided saw was found to cut more accurately than a fixed-collar saw. A climb-cutting saw was found to cut more accurately than a counter-cutting saw. A simplified theoretical model of a saw cutting a piece of wood was developed to complement the experimental results and further support the interaction mechanisms. For this model, the practical cutting factors were gradually added to make it more realistic. A computer program was used to implement this model. Typically, this model supports the interaction mechanisms and the experimental results.
title: Stiffness of Solid-Liquid Mixtures:
title: Theoretical Considerations
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Allen, David L.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1977
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: A rational approach to the solution of the stiffness of solid-liquid mixtures is presented. The stiffness of such mixtures is dependent on the stiffness of the viscous medium and the volume concentration and elastic modulus of the solid portion. Finally, the general solution is applied, in particular, to bitumen-aggregate mixtures; and the results are compared to experimental data.
title: Frictional Performance of Pavements and Estimates of Accident Probability
title: [Sept. 1980]
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Burchett, James L.
name: Rizenbergs, Rolands L.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1980
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: Objectives of this study were to evaluate standard and experimental surfaces throughout Kentucky in terms of skid resistance and effects of traffic, and to provide criteria for judging suitability of these surfaces to satisfy requirements for skid resistance and economics. The effects of traffic were quantified by regression analysis and scatter of data. Criteria included an estimate of accident risks, effects of speed on skid resistance, and seasonal variations in skid resistance.  The analysis indicated that pavements on low volume roads (less than 1,000 vehicles per day) maintained adequate skid resistances. Open-graded friction courses, with the possible exception of sections using phosphate slag aggregae, maintained adequate skid resistance to meet design requirements. The adequacy of other pavements may be judged from the criteria provided herein.  Estimates of accident reduction were made by combining the relationship between skid numbers and accidents with the distribution of skid numbers for each pavement type. Those reductions were used to calculate benefits which, along with costs of overlay, were used to determine benefits-cost ratios. Benefits exceeded costs for roads having AADT's greater than 750, 2,500, and 5,000 and SN's less than 24, 30, and 35, respectively.
คำสอนและกลวิธีการสอนในเรื่องนางนพมาศ
Creators: name: สุปาณี พัดทอง
Publisher: name: คณะศิลปศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยธรรมศาสตร์
Year: 2017
Subjects: กลวิธีการสอน
คำสอน
นางนพมาศ

description: วรรณวิทัศน์, 17, พฤศจิกายน, 323-352
The Need for a Schema for the Classification of Transitional (Shale) Materials
Creators: name: Deen, Robert C.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1980
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: The need for comprehensive information on the characteristics and behavior of earth materials has been recognized for many years, perhaps for as long as significant construction has taken place in and on the surface of the earth. In recent years, however, the magnitude and complexity of engineered construction has greatly increased, resulting in a corresponding increase in the need for information on the engineering properties of soil and rock materials for use in site selection, design, construction, and maintenance of major structures. Probably the most pressing need for such data is for use in preliminary considerations of site selection and design alternatives. Maps and(or) surveys giving the areal distribution of earth materials and their characteristics, together with topographic maps available for many areas, permit much preliminary work on engineered structures to be performed without the engineer ever having to leave his office.
Rayleigh Fading Modeling and Channel Hardening for Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces
Creators: name: Björnson, Emil
name: Sanguinetti, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: A realistic performance assessment of any wireless technology requires the use of a channel model that reflects its main characteristics. The independent and identically distributed Rayleigh fading channel model has been (and still is) the basis of most theoretical research on multiple antenna technologies in scattering environments. This letter shows that such a model is not physically appearing when using a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) with rectangular geometry and provides an alternative physically feasible Rayleigh fading model that can be used as a baseline when evaluating RIS-aided communications. The model is used to revisit the basic RIS properties, e.g., the rank of spatial correlation matrices and channel hardening.
description: Published in IEEE Wireless Communications Letters, 6 pages, 4 figures
Elicitation of miratives and evidentials
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Escamilla, Ramón
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio file VP-300717-04: mirativity following Hengeveld and Olbertz 2012 ("Didn’t You Know? Mirativity Does Exist!" Linguistic Typology 16: 487-503), plus evidentials; 'people live in big houses'; 'they bought me a wife while I was away'; 'let's weigh/measure it'; 'The doctor gave me medicine thinking it was good for me, but (we found) it wasn’t good for me'; Some purpose clauses in passing, e.g., 'Why are all those people running?' Emphasis placed on spontaneous answers in adjacency pairs and Verdena's third-place responses after adjacency pairs. [salient noise from nearby machine until ~45:30].
A signal detection model for quantifying over-regularization in non-linear image reconstruction
Creators: name: Sidky, Emil Y.
name: Phillips, John Paul
name: Zhou, Weimin
name: Ongie, Greg
name: Cruz-Bastida, Juan
name: Reiser, Ingrid S.
name: Anastasio, Mark A.
name: Pan, Xiaochuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Purpose: Many useful image quality metrics for evaluating linear image reconstruction techniques do not apply to or are difficult to interpret for non-linear image reconstruction. The vast majority of metrics employed for evaluating non-linear image reconstruction are based on some form of global image fidelity, such as image root mean square error (RMSE). Use of such metrics can lead to over-regularization in the sense that they can favor removal of subtle details in the image. To address this shortcoming, we develop an image quality metric based on signal detection that serves as a surrogate to the qualitative loss of fine image details. Methods: The metric is demonstrated in the context of a breast CT simulation, where different equal-dose configurations are considered. The configurations differ in the number of projections acquired. Image reconstruction is performed with a non-linear algorithm based on total variation constrained least-squares (TV-LSQ). The images are evaluated visually, with image RMSE, and with the proposed signal-detection based metric. The latter uses a small signal, and computes detectability in the sinogram and in the reconstructed image. Loss of signal detectability through the image reconstruction process is taken as a quantitative measure of loss of fine details in the image. Results: Loss of signal detectability is seen to correlate well with the blocky or patchy appearance due to over-regularization with TV-LSQ, and this trend runs counter to the image RMSE metric, which tends to favor the over-regularized images. Conclusions: The proposed signal detection based metric provides an image quality assessment that is complimentary to that of image RMSE. Using the two metrics in concert may yield a useful prescription for determining CT algorithm and configuration parameters when non-linear image reconstruction is used.
description: 25 pages, 10 figures. Submitted to Medical Physics
Non-commutative geometry inspired higher-dimensional charged, black holes
Creators: name: Spallucci, Euro
name: Smailagic, Anais
name: Nicolini, Piero
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain a new, exact, solution of the Einstein's equation in higher dimensions. The source is given by a static spherically symmetric, Gaussian distribution of mass and charge. De-localization of mass and charge is due to the presence of a "minimal length" in the spacetime fabric, coming from quantum gravitational effects, e.g. string induced non-commutative geometry. The resulting metric describes a regular, i.e. curvature singularity free, charged black hole in higher dimensions. The metric smoothly interpolates between Reissner-Nordstrom geometry at large distance, and deSitter spacetime at short distance. Thermodynamical properties of the black hole are investigated and the form of the Area Law is determined. We show that back reaction effects are negligible even near the temperature maximum for any reasonable number of extra dimensions. We study pair creation and show that the upper bound on the discharge time increases with the number of extra dimensions.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures, 1 tables; final version accepted by PLB. Title changed; presentation improved; added comments
Why is Python ideal for research software development?
Creators: name: Raamana, Pradeep Reddy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: python
research software
scientific validation
open source

description: There is a good reason why more Americans have searched for Python than for Kim Kardashian in the last year. In fact, there are many good reasons, for why Python is undergoing incredible growth in broad array of fields. In this talk, I focus on its growth in research software development. I would start by enumerating the [many] desirable qualities and requirements for sustainable research software development. They include being highly readable, having low barriers to learn and collaborate, rapid prototyping, ability to easily grow a script into a big project, and the ability to quickly make packages of all sizes distributable. In addition, support for data gathering (esp. over the web), high interoperability with other languages (for pipeline building) and high-performance computing are highly desirable, given the complexity and size of the academic data is only growing. Then, I hope to show how the unique strengths of Python are catering to these requirements well. In addition, combined with a strong undercurrent of open source, multidisciplinary research and need for web-accessibility, python is proving to be ideal for research software development. Moreover, I hope to convey the recommendations from the academic/research software community to further improve the status quo, such as leaning towards open software validation as a scientific society, establishing easy and agnostic validation guidelines, and badges to encourage the adoption of best practices, eventually leading to their endorsement.
description: crossinvalidation.com
Astromers in the radioactive decay of r-process nuclei
Creators: name: Misch, G. Wendell
name: Sprouse, T. M.
name: Mumpower, M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the impact of astrophysically relevant nuclear isomers (astromers) in the context of the rapid neutron capture process (r-process) nucleosynthesis. We compute thermally mediated transition rates between long-lived isomers and the corresponding ground states in neutron-rich nuclei. We calculate the temperature-dependent beta-decay feeding factors which represent the fraction of material going to each of the isomer and ground state daughter species from the beta-decay parent species. We simulate nucleosynthesis by including as separate species nuclear excited states with measured terrestrial half-lives greater than 100 microseconds. We find a variety of isomers throughout the chart of nuclides are populated, and we identify those most likely to be influential. We comment on the capacity of isomer production to alter radioactive heating in an r-process environment.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Vacuum Stability Conditions for Higgs Potentials with $SU(2)_L$ Triplets
Creators: name: Moultaka, Gilbert
name: Peyranère, Michel C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tree-level dynamical stability of scalar field potentials in renormalizable theories can in principle be expressed in terms of positivity conditions on quartic polynomial structures. However, these conditions cannot always be cast in a fully analytical resolved form, involving only the couplings and being valid for all field directions. In this paper we consider such forms in three physically motivated models involving $SU(2)$ triplet scalar fields: the Type-II seesaw model, the Georgi-Machacek model, and a generalized two-triplet model. A detailed analysis of the latter model allows to establish the full set of necessary and sufficient boundedness from below conditions. These can serve as a guide, together with unitarity and vacuum structure constraints, for consistent phenomenological (tree-level) studies. They also provide a seed for improved loop-level conditions, and encompass in particular the leading ones for the more specific Georgi-Machacek case. Incidentally, we present complete proofs of various properties and also derive general positivity conditions on quartic polynomials that are equivalent but much simpler than the ones used in the literature.
description: 95 pages, 15 figures, 1 table, added comments in the introduction, 2 footnotes, a new paragraph in section V, new references, to appear in Physical Review D
Data-driven model reduction for stochastic Burgers equations
Creators: name: Lu, Fei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 60-08, 62-08, 37M05

description: We present a class of efficient parametric closure models for 1D stochastic Burgers equations. Casting it as statistical learning of the flow map, we derive the parametric form by representing the unresolved high wavenumber Fourier modes as functionals of the resolved variables' trajectory. The reduced models are nonlinear autoregression (NAR) time series models, with coefficients estimated from data by least squares. The NAR models can accurately reproduce the energy spectrum, the invariant densities, and the autocorrelations. Taking advantage of the simplicity of the NAR models, we investigate maximal and optimal space-time reduction. Reduction in space dimension is unlimited, and NAR models with two Fourier modes can perform well. The NAR model's stability limits time reduction, with a maximal time step smaller than that of the K-mode Galerkin system. We report a potential criterion for optimal space-time reduction: the NAR models achieve minimal relative error in the energy spectrum at the time step where the K-mode Galerkin system's mean CFL number agrees with the full model's.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures
The stellar velocity dispersion in the inner 1.3 disk scale-lengths of the irregular galaxy NGC 4449
Creators: name: Hunter, Deidre A.
name: Rubin, Vera C.
name: Swaters, Rob A.
name: Sparke, Linda S.
name: Levine, Stephen E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present measurements of the stellar velocity dispersion in the inner 1 arcmin radius (1.3 disk scale-lengths) of the irregular galaxy NGC 4449 determined from long-slit absorption-line spectra. The average observed dispersion is 29 +/-2 km/s, the same as predicted from NGC 4449's luminosity. No significant rotation in the stars is detected. If we assume a maximum rotation speed of the stars from the model determined from the gas kinematics of Hunter et al. (2002), the ratio V_max/sigma_z measured globally is 3. This ratio is comparable to values measured in spiral galaxies, and implies that the stellar disk in NGC 4449 is kinematically relatively cold. The intrinsic minor-to-major axis ratio (b/a)_0 is predicted to be in the range 0.3-0.6, similar to values derived from the distribution of observed b/a of Im galaxies. However, V/sigma_z measured locally is 0.5-1.1, and so the circular velocity of NGC 4449 is comparable or less than the velocity of the stars within the central 1.3 disk scale-lengths of the galaxy.
description: To be published in ApJ, Nov 2005
เมื่อ "ตำรากับข้าวชาววัง" ออกสู่โลกกว้าง: กำเนิดและพัฒนาการของ "ตำรากับข้าวชาววัง" ในสมัยรัชกาลที่ 5 จนถึงการตั้งโรงเรียนสตรี
Creators: name: อภิลักษณ์ เกษมผลกูล
Publisher: name: คณะศิลปศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยธรรมศาสตร์
Year: 2017
Subjects: ตำรากับข้าวชาววัง
อาหารชาววัง
การสร้างความเป็นอารยะ

description: วรรณวิทัศน์, 17, พฤศจิกายน, 353-385