cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
QBMMlib: A library of quadrature-based moment methods
Creators: name: Bryngelson, Spencer H.
name: Colonius, Tim
name: Fox, Rodney O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: QBMMlib is an open source Mathematica package of quadrature-based moment methods and their algorithms. Such methods are commonly used to solve fully-coupled disperse flow and combustion problems, though formulating and closing the corresponding governing equations can be complex. QBMMlib aims to make analyzing these techniques simple and more accessible. Its routines use symbolic manipulation to formulate the moment transport equations for a population balance equation and a prescribed dynamical system. However, the resulting moment transport equations are unclosed. QBMMlib trades the moments for a set of quadrature points and weights via an inversion algorithm, of which several are available. Quadratures then closes the moment transport equations. Embedded code snippets show how to use QBMMlib, with the algorithm initialization and solution spanning just 13 total lines of code. Examples are shown and analyzed for linear harmonic oscillator and bubble dynamics problems.
description: Under review SoftwareX
Effect Of Import Tariff Implementation Policy On Refined Sugar Product Competitiveness In Indonesia
Creators: name: Rustam, Rizal
name: Rustam, Rizal
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Sugar
subject: Welfare Distribution
subject: Domestic Resource Cost (DRC)
subject: and Import tariff

description: This research is intent to determining: (a) the effect of welfare distribution with applied import tariff of the government revenue, consumer expenditures, producer revenues, and efficiency losses (in production, in consumption and net effect), and (b) the level of competitiveness of cane sugar in Indonesia by calculating the Domestic Resource Cost (DRC). The research using libraries research method, that is collecting data from the related preceding researches and other references such as magazines, journals, bulletins and the like. The research result showed that : (a) the government revenue, change of consumer surplus, producer surplus, economic net loss in production and consumption and exchange gain economization, are influenced by the import tariff and elasticity price toward supply and demand, so that the welfare distribution value will be bigger; (b) sugar product competitiveness in Indonesia by knowing cane field calculation in East Java both wet and dry field is higher than the same product from other countries as it is shown by the value of DRC<1.
$ϕ$ meson mass and decay width in strange hadronic matter
Creators: name: Kumar, Rajesh
name: Kumar, Arvind
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The in-medium mass and decay width of the $ϕ$ meson in the hot asymmetric strange hadronic matter are calculated using an effective Lagrangian approach for $ϕ$ $K\bar K$ interaction. The in-medium contributions of $K \bar K$ loop to the $ϕ$ meson self-energy are computed by the medium modified kaon and antikaon mass which is evaluated using the chiral SU(3) model. To deal with the ultraviolet divergence, we regularize the loop integral of self-energy with a dipole form factor, and present the results for cut-off mass, $Λ_c$=3 GeV. In chiral model calculations, for strange matter, we find that the mass of kaons and antikaons decreases with the increase in baryonic density whereas the finite temperature causes an increase in the mass. We observed that the in-medium $ϕ$ meson mass decreases slowly with baryonic density whereas the decay width increases rapidly. The results in the present investigation support result in the literature which indicate a small downward shift in mass and a large broadening in the decay width. In the asymmetric strange hadronic matter, the study of the $ϕ$ mesons can be relevant for the compressed strange baryonic matter and experimental observables such as dilepton spectra which can result from the experiments in the future FAIR facility at GSI.
description: 27 pages and 7 figures
Wilkinson Prison Donates Gift Bags to Wilkinson County Senior Care
Creators: name: Barnes, Roscoe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 160702 Counselling, Welfare and Community Services
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 160299 Criminology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Law
subject: 160508 Health Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 160202 Correctional Theory, Offender Treatment and Rehabilitation

description: Wilkinson County Correctional Facility (WCCF) strives to make a difference in the lives of the incarcerated men it houses and in the local community. This is a story about the facility donating care packages to a local nursing home. WCCF, which is located in Woodville, Miss., is privately managed by MTC (Management & Training Corporation) of Utah.
A new discrepancy principle
Creators: name: Ramm, A. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47H15, 45G10,35B25

description: The aim of this note is to prove a new discrepancy principle. The advantage of the new discrepancy principle compared with the known one consists of solving a minimization problem approximately, rather than exactly, and in the proof of a stability result.
The Interaction between Alcohol and Cigarette Consumption
Creators: name: Koksal, Aycan
name: Wohlgenant, Michael K.
name: Koksal, Aycan
name: Wohlgenant, Michael K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: rational addiction
subject: panel data
subject: cigarette consumption
subject: alcohol consumption

description: It has long been recognized that cigarette and alcohol not only have adverse health effects, but also negative externalities imposed on third parties. If cigarette and alcohol are related in consumption, the information on the way in which they are related may allow a better coordination of the public policies concerning these goods. In this study, we use the expenditure data of a panel of US households to analyze the relation between cigarette and alcohol consumption in a rational addiction framework. We believe that individual level data would be a better tool to analyze addictive behavior as aggregate data might conceal much of micro behavior. We found that cigarettes and alcoholic beverages are substitutes. However, both cigarette and alcohol demand do not fit the rational addiction model so well.
Cretaceous Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 in eastern England: further palynological and geochemical data from Melton Ross
Creators: name: Dodsworth, Paul
name: Eldrett, James S.
name: Hart, Malcom B.
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Detailed sample positions and descriptions, tables of supporting information (also available in Excel format), quarry photographs and a palynological distribution chart.
Pesticide Use and IPM Adoption: Does IPM Reduce Pesticide Use in the United States?
Creators: name: Maupin, Jason
name: Norton, George W.
name: Maupin, Jason
name: Norton, George W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Pesticide Use
subject: Integrated Pest Management
subject: Corn Production
subject: Cotton Production

description: In 2001, the United States General Accounting Office issued a report entitled “Management Improvements Needed to Further Promote Integrated Pest Management.” This report documents that overall agricultural pesticide usage increased from 1992 to 2000 while the use of the most toxic levels of pesticides have decreased. The USDA suggests that these changes in pesticide use could have been caused by integrated pest management (IPM) adoption. However, the GAO maintains that there is not enough evidence to support this claim. This paper contributes to this debate by estimating the relationship between pesticide use and IPM practices adopted for number of commodities across the nation from 1996 to 2005. The paper exploits an aggregated data set that combines surveys from different crops and different years, but it also examines specific surveys conducted on cotton and corn crops to better control for other factors that could affect pesticide use. The paper applies multiple definitions of IPM and uses different spatial variables to control for environmental effects that affect pesticide use. Although some specific strategies such as GM adoption decreased the amount of active ingredients sprayed on cotton and corn, the results suggest that on average the adoption of IPM strategies lead to slightly increased pesticide spending and pounds of active ingredient sprayed per acre. This result is confirmed in both the analysis on the aggregated data as well as the analysis of the cotton and corn data. The results also suggest that fixed environmental factors explain a significant amount of chemical spending and pesticide use in the United States. The significance of these factors demonstrates the importance of research and programs that aid farmers in making intelligent pesticide use decisions at the local level.
Effective alleviation of rural poverty depends on the interplay between productivity, nutrients, water and soil quality
Creators: name: Radosavljevic, Sonja
name: Haider, L. Jamila
name: Lade, Steven J.
name: Schluter, Maja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 37N40, 92D40

description: Most of the world poorest people come from rural areas and depend on their local ecosystems for food production. Recent research has highlighted the importance of self-reinforcing dynamics between low soil quality and persistent poverty but little is known on how they affect poverty alleviation. We investigate how the intertwined dynamics of household assets, nutrients (especially phosphorus), water and soil quality influence food production and determine the conditions for escape from poverty for the rural poor. We have developed a suite of dynamic, multidimensional poverty trap models of households that combine economic aspects of growth with ecological dynamics of soil quality, water and nutrient flows to analyze the effectiveness of common poverty alleviation strategies such as intensification through agrochemical inputs, diversification of energy sources and conservation tillage. Our results show that (i) agrochemical inputs can reinforce poverty by degrading soil quality, (ii) diversification of household energy sources can create possibilities for effective application of other strategies, and (iii) sequencing of interventions can improve effectiveness of conservation tillage. Our model-based approach demonstrates the interdependence of economic and ecological dynamics which preclude blanket solution for poverty alleviation. Stylized models as developed here can be used for testing effectiveness of different strategies given biophysical and economic settings in the target region.
Integrable active atom interferometry
Creators: name: Kastner, Michael
name: Menet, Vincent
name: Kriel, Johannes N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Active interferometers are designed to enhance phase sensitivity beyond the standard quantum limit by generating entanglement inside the interferometer. An atomic version of such a device can be constructed by means of a spinor Bose-Einstein condensate with an $F=1$ groundstate manifold in which spin-changing collisions create entangled pairs of $m=\pm1$ atoms. We use Bethe Ansatz techniques to find exact eigenstates and eigenvalues of the Hamiltonian that models such spin-changing collisions. Using these results, we express the interferometer's phase sensitivity, Fisher information, and Hellinger distance in terms of the Bethe rapidities. By evaluating these expressions we study scaling properties and the interferometer's performance under the full Hamiltonian that models the spin-changing collisions, i.e., without the idealising approximations of earlier works that force the model into the framework of SU(1,1) interferometry.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures; close to published version
Should Surveys be Conducted Online or On Paper? A Comparison
Creators: name: Hu, Wuyang
name: Batte, Marvin T.
name: Ernst, Stanley C.
name: Woods, Timothy A.
name: Hu, Wuyang
name: Batte, Marvin T.
name: Ernst, Stanley C.
name: Woods, Timothy A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Consumer
subject: Internet Survey
subject: Mailed Survey

description: Internet consumer surveys have become increasingly popular in agricultural and food research. This study compares the results of an identical survey instrument implemented by mail and the Internet respectively. Aspects compared include survey logistics, timeline, costs, consumer demographic and socioeconomic features, observed univariate variables, and multivariate regression coefficient estimates and predictions. Results do reveal some differences in data collected by these two approaches. However, given the similarities between the two samples, the differences observed do not offer enough support to command either approach as superior to the other. It appears both methodologies can generate high quality data and are appropriate when used carefully.
A Sign of Things to Come? The Chisel-like Tools in the Middle Paleolithic Assemblage from Heidesheim-Höllenberg, Germany
Creators: name: Anderson, Mark
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Archaeology

description: A number of previous papers have already dealt with the Middle Paleolithic assemblage from the Heidesheim-Höllenberg site near Mainz, Germany. The present contribution focuses on a class of flake tools which is rarely mentioned in the literature concerning the Middle Paleolithic of Europe. These tools possess a sharp, transversely oriented beveled working edge not unlike that of a chisel on one or two of the blank's narrow ends. In the Heidesheim-Höllenberg assemblage, these tools include a number of Mousterian tranchets and several artifacts resembling chamfered pieces. The majority of specimens from Heidesheim-Höllenberg were made on intentionally broken blanks, and about one third of them exhibit hafting modifications. In some cases, these modifications consist of a basal shoulder or a rudimentary stem. Such modifications are in fact a distinctive feature of the Heidesheim-Höllenberg assemblage as a whole. In addition to describing the assemblage's chisel-like tools, the author briefly explores the possibility of a "stemmed-tool tradition" in northwestern Europe.
Effects of Voice-Based Synthetic Assistant on Performance of Emergency Care Provider in Training
Creators: name: Damacharla, Praveen
name: Dhakal, Parashar
name: Stumbo, Sebastian
name: Javaid, Ahmad Y.
name: Ganapathy, Subhashini
name: Malek, David A.
name: Hodge, Douglas C.
name: Devabhaktuni, Vijay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: H.1.2; I.2.1; I.2.7

description: As part of a perennial project, our team is actively engaged in developing new synthetic assistant (SA) technologies to assist in training combat medics and medical first responders. It is critical that medical first responders are well trained to deal with emergencies more effectively. This would require real-time monitoring and feedback for each trainee. Therefore, we introduced a voice-based SA to augment the training process of medical first responders and enhance their performance in the field. The potential benefits of SAs include a reduction in training costs and enhanced monitoring mechanisms. Despite the increased usage of voice-based personal assistants (PAs) in day-to-day life, the associated effects are commonly neglected for a study of human factors. Therefore, this paper focuses on performance analysis of the developed voice-based SA in emergency care provider training for a selected emergency treatment scenario. The research discussed in this paper follows design science in developing proposed technology; at length, we discussed architecture and development and presented working results of voice-based SA. The empirical testing was conducted on two groups as user studies using statistical analysis tools, one trained with conventional methods and the other with the help of SA. The statistical results demonstrated the amplification in training efficacy and performance of medical responders powered by SA. Furthermore, the paper also discusses the accuracy and time of task execution (t) and concludes with the guidelines for resolving the identified problems.
Gradings on Incidence Algebras and their Graded Polynomial Identities
Creators: name: Talpo, Humberto Luiz
name: Schützer, Waldeck
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16R50

description: Let P a locally finite partially ordered set, F a field, G a group, and I(P,F) the incidence algebra of P over F. We describe all the inequivalent elementary G-gradings on this algebra. If P is bounded, F is a infinite field of characteristic zero, and A, B are both elementary G-graded incidence algebras satisfying the same G-graded polynomial identities, and the automorphisms group of P acts transitively on the maximal chains of P , we show that A and B are graded isomorphic.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure
Bioeconomic modeling of wetlands and waterfowl in Western Canada: Accounting for amenity values
Creators: name: Van Kooten, G. Cornelis
name: Withey, Patrick
name: Wong, Linda
name: Van Kooten, G. Cornelis
name: Withey, Patrick
name: Wong, Linda
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: bioeconomic modelling
subject: wetland protection
subject: wildlife management
subject: nonmarket values
subject: Prairie pothole region

description: This study extends an original bioeconomic model of optimal duck harvest and wetland retention by bringing in amenity values related to the nonmarket (in situ) benefits of waterfowl plsi the ecosystem values of wetlands themselves. The model maximizes benefits to hunters as well as the amenity values of ducks and ecosystem benefits of wetlands, subject to the population dynamics. Results indicate that wetlands and duck harvests need to be increased relative to historical levels. Further, the socially optimal ratio of duck harvest to wetlands is larger than what has been observed historically. Including amenity values leads to a significant increase in the quantity of wetlands and duck harvests relative to models that focus only on hunting values.
The POINT-AGAPE survey II: An Unrestricted Search for Microlensing Events towards M31
Creators: name: Belokurov, V.
name: An, J.
name: Evans, N. W.
name: Hewett, P.
name: Baillon, P.
name: Novati, S. Calchi
name: Carr, B. J.
name: Creze, M.
name: Giraud-Heraud, Y.
name: Gould, A.
name: Jetzer, Ph.
name: Kaplan, J.
name: Kerins, E.
name: Paulin-Henriksson, S.
name: Smartt, S. J.
name: Stalin, C. S.
name: Tsapras, Y.
name: Weston, M. J.
name: .
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An automated search is carried out for microlensing events using a catalogue of 44554 variable superpixel lightcurves derived from our three-year monitoring program of M31. Each step of our candidate selection is objective and reproducible by a computer. Our search is unrestricted, in the sense that it has no explicit timescale cut. So, it must overcome the awkward problem of distinguishing long-timescale microlensing events from long-period stellar variables. The basis of the selection algorithm is the fitting of the superpixel lightcurves to two different theoretical models, using variable star and blended microlensing templates. Only if microlensing is preferred is an event retained as a possible candidate. Further cuts are made with regard to (i) sampling, (ii) goodness of fit of the peak to a Paczynski curve, (iii) consistency of the microlensing hypothesis with the absence of a resolved source, (iv) achromaticity, (v) position in the colour-magnitude diagram and (vi) signal-to-noise ratio. Our results are reported in terms of first-level candidates, which are the most trustworthy, and second-level candidates, which are possible microlensing but have lower signal-to-noise and are more questionable. The pipeline leaves just 3 first-level candidates, all of which have very short full-width half-maximum timescale (<5 days) and 3 second-level candidates, which have timescales of 31, 36 and 51 days respectively. We also show 16 third-level lightcurves, as an illustration of the events that just fail the threshold for designation as microlensing candidates. They are almost certainly mainly variable stars. Two of the 3 first-level candidates correspond to known events (PA 00-S3 and PA 00-S4) already reported by the POINT-AGAPE project. The remaining first-level candidate is new.
description: 22 pages, 18 figures, MNRAS, to appear
High-Energy Neutrinos and Gamma-Rays from Non-Relativistic Shock-Powered Transients
Creators: name: Fang, Ke
name: Metzger, Brian D.
name: Vurm, Indrek
name: Aydi, Elias
name: Chomiuk, Laura
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Shock interaction has been argued to play a role in powering a range of optical transients, including supernovae (particularly the superluminous class), classical novae, stellar mergers, tidal disruption events, and fast blue optical transients. These same shocks can accelerate relativistic ions, generating high-energy neutrino and gamma-ray emission via hadronic pion production. The recent discovery of time-correlated optical and gamma-ray emission in classical novae has revealed the important role of radiative shocks in powering these events, enabling an unprecedented view of the properties of ion acceleration, including its efficiency and energy spectrum, under similar physical conditions to shocks in extragalactic transients. Here we introduce a model for connecting the radiated optical fluence of non-relativistic transients to their maximal neutrino and gamma-ray fluence. We apply this technique to a wide range of extragalactic transient classes in order to place limits on their contributions to the cosmological high-energy gamma-ray and neutrino backgrounds. Based on a simple model for diffusive shock acceleration at radiative shocks, calibrated to novae, we demonstrate that several of the most luminous transients can accelerate protons up to energies $E_{\rm max} \gtrsim 10^{16}$ eV, sufficient to contribute to the IceCube astrophysical background. Furthermore, several of the considered sources$-$particularly hydrogen-poor supernovae$-$may serve as "hidden" gamma-ray sources due to the high gamma-ray opacity of their ejecta, evading constraints imposed by the non-blazar Fermi-LAT background. However, adopting an ion acceleration efficiency $\sim$ 0.3-1$\%$ motivated by nova observations, we find that currently known classes of non-relativistic, potentially shock-powered transients contribute at most a few percent of the total IceCube background.
description: 24 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables
Level compressibility in a critical random matrix ensemble: The second virial coefficient
Creators: name: Kravtsov, Vladimir E.
name: Yevtushenko, Oleg
name: Cuevas, Emilio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study spectral statistics of a Gaussian unitary critical ensemble of almost diagonal Hermitian random matrices with off-diagonal entries $ \sim b^{2} |i-j|^{-2}$ small compared to diagonal ones $ \sim 1$. Using the recently suggested method of {\it virial expansion} in the number of interacting energy levels (J.Phys.A {\bf 36},8265 (2003)), we calculate a coefficient $\propto b^{2}\ll 1$ in the level compressibility $χ(b)$. We demonstrate that only the leading terms in $χ(b)$ coincide for this model and for an exactly solvable model suggested by Moshe, Neuberger and Shapiro (Phys.Rev.Lett. {\bf 73}, 1497 (1994)), the sub-leading terms $\sim b^{2}$ being different. Numerical data confirms our analytical calculation.
description: several typos and the unfolding factor are corrected, Erratum has been added
Syngenta and Sustainability: Implications for Corporate Strategy
Creators: name: Rankin, Amber
name: Boehlje, Michael
name: Rankin, Amber
name: Boehlje, Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Sustainability
subject: strategy
subject: agribusiness

description: This poster was inspired by a case study developed by Syngenta, a global crop protection and seed company, in collaboration with Purdue University. As a company dedicated to promoting innovation, delivering value, and being a leader in its industry, Syngenta faces both challenges and opportunities with respect to the sustainability debate. This poster presents the major issues of sustainability in a global context, in an agribusiness context, and finally in the specific case of Syngenta. The concluding discussion represents the perspectives of a group of agribusiness professionals that discussed this case study in an executive education program on the Purdue University campus.
Evaluation of CO2 Emissions by Kansas Agribusiness Retailers
Creators: name: Canales, Elizabeth
name: Boland, Michael A.
name: Canales, Elizabeth
name: Boland, Michael A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Agribusiness
subject: climate change
subject: environmental economics

description: Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and their negative effect on the environment is a growing concern in the world. It is estimated that agriculture is responsible for 7% of the total GHG emissions in the United States. Currently, environmental policies to regulate GHG are in place in different countries and are expected to increase in the future. The objective of this study was to estimate carbon dioxide-equivalent emissions from eight agribusiness retailers in Kansas. Data consisted of energy inputs from the operation of the agribusiness retailers and the crop land these retailers serve. Carbon emission coefficients were employed to determine carbon dioxide-equivalent emissions associated with each energy input used during their operations. Results suggest that electricity is the largest source of total carbon dioxide emissions from the retail operations followed by diesel fuel, which represents the main source of direct emissions. Nitrogen fertilizers represent the main source of emissions from crop production. Emissions from the agricultural sector will not be regulated under the current American Clean Energy and Security Act of 2009 but information on their potential carbon footprint is useful knowledge. If agribusinesses were to be regulated, none of the eight retailers have locations that would be subject to the current cap and trade bill passed by the House of Representatives. But, if they were regulated and had to comply, the cost of partially offsetting their emissions by 5 to 20% would be low given estimations of future carbon prices in the literature. Even if agricultural retailers are not directly restricted, they will likely be affected by increases in energy input prices if such legislation is enacted.
Pricing Commodity Options under Markov Regime Switching GARCH Processes
Creators: name: Wu, Feng
name: Guan, Zhengfei
name: Wu, Feng
name: Guan, Zhengfei
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Option Pricing
subject: Markov Regime Switching GARCH

description: MS-GARCH option pricing model proposed in this paper accommodates new features of corn futures price movement in the era of biofuel production and therefore is more general. Our findings show that this new model will outperform models used in the existing literature both for the in-sample and out-of-sample option pricing fit.
New Ideas for Brain Modelling 6
Creators: name: Greer, Kieran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper describes implementation details for a 3-level cognitive model, described in the paper series. The whole architecture is now modular, with different levels using different types of information. The ensemble-hierarchy relationship is maintained and placed in the bottom optimising and middle aggregating levels, to store memory objects and their relations. The top-level cognitive layer has been re-designed to model the Cognitive Process Language (CPL) of an earlier paper, by refactoring it into a network structure with a light scheduler. The cortex brain region is thought to be hierarchical - clustering from simple to more complex features. The refactored network might therefore challenge conventional thinking on that brain region. It is also argued that the function and structure in particular, of the new top level, is similar to the psychology theory of chunking. The model is still only a framework and does not have enough information for real intelligence. But a framework is now implemented over the whole design and so can give a more complete picture about the potential for results.
Confirmatory Bias under Food-Borne Risk: A Lab Experiment
Creators: name: Cao, Ying
name: Just, David R.
name: Wansink, Brian
name: Cao, Ying
name: Just, David R.
name: Wansink, Brian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Cognitive Dissonance
subject: Confirmation Bias
subject: Self-compliance
subject: Justification

description: An experiment was conducted to investigate the interaction between consumers’ past eating behaviors, risk perceptions and future information processing procedure. In the study, participants were required to choose whether or not to eat chicken that was potentially be tainted with Avian Influenza (AI). Results showed that people decreased the consumption when facing ambiguous signals regarding the food quality, but would not cease to eat altogether. Due to a taste of consistency, participants updated their risk perceptions and judgments based on their eating behaviors. The more chicken individuals ate the more favorably they tended to rate the food, suggesting confirmatory bias. Even though consumers with previous experience could pick up signals faster, their judgment was not better than those non users due to a much stronger psychological bias. This study offered an explanation for why consumers were universally irresponsive to public food safety information.
Analytical Expression for Low-dimensional Resonance Island in 4-dimensional Symplectic Map
Creators: name: Goto, Shin-itiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a 2- and a 4-dimensional nearly integrable symplectic maps using a singular perturbation method. Resonance island structures in the 2- and 4- dimensional maps are successfully obtained. Those perturbative results are numerically confirmed.
description: To appear in Prog. Theor. Phys
The Measure Preserving Isometry Groups of Metric Measure Spaces
Creators: name: Guo, Yifan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C20, 53C21, 53C23

description: Bochner's theorem says that if $M$ is a compact Riemannian manifold with negative Ricci curvature, then the isometry group $\operatorname{Iso}(M)$ is finite. In this article, we show that if $(X,d,m)$ is a compact metric measure space with synthetic negative Ricci curvature in Sturm's sense, then the measure preserving isometry group $\operatorname{Iso}(X,d,m)$ is finite. We also give an effective estimate on the order of the measure preserving isometry group for a compact weighted Riemannian manifold with negative Bakry-Émery Ricci curvature except for small portions.
description: --
Conservation of the cyanobacterial circadian clock : comparative studies in nostoc sp. strain PCC 9709, a cyanobacterium isolated from the lichen peltigera membranacea
Creators: name: Lee, Amy
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The Cyanobacteria are the only group of prokaryotic organisms known to possess a circadian program. Efforts to elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying the cyanobacterial circadian clock have focused almost exclusively on the kaiABC gene cluster of the unicellular model organism Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942. The considerable morphological and habitat diversity of cyanobacteria raises obvious questions: Do all members of the Cyanobacteria utilize circadian programs? How similar might other cyanobacterial clocks be to the S. elongatus model? To investigate whether clock molecular biology is conserved, I undertook a comparative study with Nostoc strain PCC 9709 as the subject. Nostoc PCC 9709 is a heterocyst-forming filamentous cyanobacterium originally isolated as a symbiont within the lichen Peltigera membranacea. Methods: The Nostoc PCC 9709 genome was screened for clock gene homologues using PCR-based methods and Southern blot hybridization. To support genetic identification with functional data, the temporal gene expression profiles of putative kai homologues were compared against the previously determined rhythmic abundances of kaiA and kaiBC transcripts of S. elongatus with the use of Northern blot hybridization and relative RT-PCR assays. Conclusions: The prokaryotic circadian clock gene cluster kaiABC is conserved in Nostoc PCC 9709. Deduced amino acid sequence homology (46 % identity for KaiA, 81 % for KaiB, 80 % for KaiC) is consistent with conservation of function in accordance with available structure-function data for the S. elongatus model. A relative RT-PCR assay method was validated on the S. elongatus model system. Time course studies on kai gene transcription demonstrated peak-and-trough patterns in cultured Nostoc and field specimens of P. membranacea that are consistent with circadian oscillation.
Observability of the arrival time distribution using spin-rotator as a quantum clock
Creators: name: Pan, Alok Kumar
name: Ali, Md. Manirul
name: Home, Dipankar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An experimentally realizable scheme is formulated which can test any postulated quantum mechanical approach for calculating the arrival time distribution. This is specifically illustrated by using the modulus of the probability current density for calculating the arrival time distribution of spin-1/2 neutral particles at the exit point of a spin-rotator(SR) which contains a constant magnetic field. Such a calculated time distribution is then used for evaluating the distribution of spin orientations along different directions for these particles emerging from the SR. Based on this, the result of spin measurement along any arbitrary direction for such an ensemble is predicted.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
Aflatoxin Redux: Does European Aflatoxin Regulation Hurt Groundnut Exporters from Africa?
Creators: name: Xiong, Bo
name: Beghin, John C.
name: Xiong, Bo
name: Beghin, John C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: food safety
subject: standards
subject: aflatoxin
subject: Maximum Residues Limit
subject: groundnut
subject: gravity equation
subject: Africa
subject: market access
subject: EU

description: We provide an ex-post econometric examination of the harmonization and tightening of the EU Maximum Residues Limit (MRL) on aflatoxins in 2002 and its impact on African exports of groundnut products. We show that the MRL set by the EU has no significant trade impact on groundnut exports from Africa across various methods of estimation. African domestic supply plays an important role in the determination of the volumes of trade and the propensity to trade. Our findings suggest that the trade potential of African groundnut exporters is more constrained by domestic supply issues rather than by limited market access.
description: Replaced with revised version of paper 07/02/10.
The Effect of Currency Crises on Foreign Direct Investment Activity in Emerging Markets
Creators: name: Soliman, Mohamed M.
name: Soliman, Mohamed M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Foreign direct investment
subject: currency crises
subject: multinational corporations

description: Despite the ample literature on currency crises, the effect of currency crises on foreign direct investment FDI activity has been largely unexamined. This paper tests the sensitivity of three measures of U.S. outbound non-bank FDI activity to currency crises in 21 emerging economies. The findings of this analysis suggest that contrary to the common perception, currency crises do not seem to have a negative effect on FDI activity in the crisis economy. Indeed, we find some evidence that currency crises may increase FDI activity in the affected country. These results underline the stable nature of FDI relative to other types of international capital flows and as a safer mode of financing for emerging economies.
S1 File.docx
Creators: name: Dickson Aruhomukama
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110303 Clinical Microbiology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: This document summarized the characteristics of studies included in the meta-analysis titled: Re-thinking antimicrobial resistance transmission dynamics:a meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies at referral hospitals in Uganda
Censored Probit Estimation with Correlation near the Boundary: A Useful Reparameteriztion
Creators: name: Terza, Joseph V.
name: Tsai, Wei-Der
name: Terza, Joseph V.
name: Tsai, Wei-Der
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: sample selection
subject: endogenous treatment effects
subject: endogenous switching
subject: qualitative dependent variables
subject: informal elderly care

description: The conventional computational algorithms for full information maximum likelihood (FIML) estimation of the censored probit model (see Farber, 1983), will sometimes fail to converge when the estimated value of the correlation coefficient (ñ) approaches ±1; even when the true value of ñ is not at a boundary. We show that a simple reparametrization of the censored probit model may afford straightforward Newton-Raphson convergence to the true FIML estimate for cases in which likelihood maximization under the conventional censored probit parameterization would have failed. Moreover, our method avoids the computational and inferential complications that arise in alternative methods that, based on a specified criterion, suggest fixing the estimated value of ñ at -1 or +1. For the purpose of illustration the method is used to estimate the determinants of elderly parents’ receipt of informal care from their children.
Presentations of the Roger-Yang generalized skein algebra
Creators: name: Azad, Farhan
name: Chen, Zixi
name: Dreyer, Matt
name: Horowitz, Ryan
name: Moon, Han-Bom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M27, 32G15, 57M50

description: We describe presentations of the Roger-Yang generalized skein algebras for punctured spheres with an arbitrary number of punctures. This skein algebra is a quantization of the decorated Teichmuller space and generalizes the construction of the Kauffman bracket skein algebra. In this paper, we also obtain a new interpretation of the homogeneous coordinate ring of the Grassmannian of planes in terms of skein theory.
description: 19 pages, to appear on Algebraic & Geometric Topology
White devil, black magic : remnants of occult philosophy in the drama of John Webster
Creators: name: Paul, Joseph Gavin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: John Webster's most widely studied and performed plays, "The White Devil" and "The Duchess of Malfi", are both rife with images that are drawn from what can generally be termed "occult philosophy"—a belief in esoteric spiritual knowledge, magic, supernatural forces, astrology, and the conjuration of spirits. Using occult philosophy's reverence for the inherent powers of language as a backdrop, this thesis will examine Webster's incorporation of these conspicuous images. I contend that Webster himself is interested in the magical possibilities of language, not in the context of the occult however, but in the context of the theatre. He conceives of language as inherently possessing the potential to enchant, which means that the conjuring forth of images and the art of persuasion form the foundation of the relationship between the characters on stage, as well as between playwright, actor, and audience.
On the quantization of folded strings in non-critical dimensions
Creators: name: Sonnenschein, Jacob
name: Weissman, Dorin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Classical rotating closed string are folded strings. At the folding points the scalar curvature associated with the induced metric diverges. As a consequence one cannot properly quantize the fluctuations around the classical solution since there is no complete set of normalizable eigenmodes. Furthermore in the non-critical effective string action of Polchinski and Strominger, there is a divergence associated with the folds. We overcome this obstacle by putting a massive particle at each folding point which can be used as a regulator. Using this method we compute the spectrum of quantum fluctuations around the rotating string and the intercept of the leading Regge trajectory. The results we find are that the intercepts are $a=1$ and $a=2$ for the open and closed string respectively, independent of the target space dimension. We argue that in generic theories with an effective string description, one can expect corrections from finite masses associated with either the endpoints of an open string or the folding points on a closed string. We compute explicitly the corrections in the presence of these masses.
description: v1: 60 pages, v2: typos corrected, references added, v3: minor revisions, version to be published in JHEP
Current Status of Slaughterhouses in India
Creators: name: Rishi Kumar1*, Pulkit Chugh2, Meena Goswami1, Vikas Pathak1,  Sanjay Yadav3
Publisher: name: The Science world a Monthly e magazine
Year: 2024

description: This article provides an overview of the status and challenges of slaughterhouses in India, highlighting the dual regulatory framework of central and state governments. With approximately 8,000 registered and over 25,000 unregistered facilities, the meat production landscape is highly fragmented. Many traditional slaughterhouses suffer from inadequate infrastructure and sanitation, raising public health concerns and contributing to meat contamination. Legal compliance with environmental and animal welfare regulations is often problematic, exacerbated by cultural tensions around meat consumption. Government initiatives to modernize operations and improve hygiene reflect ongoing efforts to address these issues. The future of Indian slaughterhouses will likely depend on regulatory reforms, technological advancements, and evolving consumer preferences, requiring a balance between economic viability, environmental sustainability, and animal welfare ethics.
Trends in Elasticity and Electronic Structure of Transition-Metal Nitrides and Carbides from First Principles
Creators: name: Wu, Zhigang
name: Chen, Xiao-Jia
name: Struzhkin, Viktor V.
name: Cohen, Ronald E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The elastic properties of the $B_1$-structured transition-metal nitrides and their carbide counterparts are studied using the {\it ab initio\} density functional perturbation theory. The linear response results of elastic constants are in excellent agreement with those obtained from numerical derivative methods, and are also consistent with measured data. We find the following trends: (1) Bulk moduli $B$ and tetragonal shear moduli $G^{\prime}=(C_{11}-C_{12})/2$, increase and lattice constants $a_{0}$ decrease rightward or downward on the Periodic Table for the metal component or if C is replaced by N; (2) The inequality $B > G^{\prime} > G > 0$ holds for $G=C_{44}$; (3) $G$ depends strongly on the number of valence electrons per unit cell ($Z_{V}$). From the fitted curve of $G$ as a function of $Z_{V}$, we can predict that MoN is unstable in $B_{1}$ structure, and transition-metal carbonitrides ($e.g.$ ZrC$_{x}$N$_{1-x}$) and di-transition-metal carbides ($e.g.$ Hf$_{x}$Ta$_{1-x}$C) have maximum $G$ at $Z_{V} \approx 8.3$.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, submitted to PRL. 2 typos in ref. 15 were corrected
Efficiency in Information Processing: A Study of Non-Nearby Currency Futures and Relationships with Nearby Counterparts
Creators: name: Chen, Kim Heng
name: Han, Li-Ming
name: Chen, Kim Heng
name: Han, Li-Ming
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: nearby and non-nearby currency futures contracts
subject: macroeconomic announcement
subject: information and liquidity trading

description: This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the responses of non-nearby Japanese yen and Deutsche mark futures contracts to macroeconomic announcements and the efficiency of information flow between the nearby and non-nearby contracts. The results show that macroeconomic announcements affect the non-nearby futures returns more through their effects on interest rate differentials than through the underlying spot exchange rates. Information flows efficiently between the Deutsche mark nearby and non-nearby contracts, while information flows primarily from the Japanese yen nearby contracts to the non-nearby counterparts.