Punctoterebra Bartsch 1923
Creators: name: Fedosov, Alexander E
name: Malcolm, Gavin
name: Terryn, Yves
name: Gorson, Juliette
name: Modica, Maria Vittoria
name: Holford, Mandë
name: Puillandre, Nicolas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Neogastropoda
Terebridae
Punctoterebra

description: Genus <i>Punctoterebra</i> Bartsch, 1923 (Fig. 8) <i>Type species:</i> <i>Terebra nitida</i> Hinds, 1844; OD. <i>Definition:</i> Primarily defined based on phylogenetic analysis of Modica <i>etal.</i> (2019), comprising species that belong to clade E2 of Modica <i>etal.</i> (2019) and additionally species that show shell morphology, anatomical or genetic characteristics closely comparable with <i>Punctoterebra nitida</i> or any genetically proven member of the clade. <i>Diagnosis</i>. Diagnostic nucleotide combinations are provided separatelyforthefourphylogeneticclustersof the <i>Punctoterebra</i> clade inferred by Modica <i>et al.</i> (2019) in Table 7. <i>Shell</i>: Elongate, small to medium-sized (<i>&lt;</i> 50 mm), with high spire and predominantly axial sculpture. Protoconch paucispiral or multispiral, of varying morphology. Axial ribs strong on spire whorls, sometimes becoming obsolete on last whorl. Spiral sculpture limited to a weak punctuate groove delineating subsutural band, or well-developed and represented by regular striae in interspaces between axial ribs. Siphonal canal demarcated from shell base by distinct concavity; often slightly recurved. <i>Anatomy</i>: Proboscis, venom gland, radula and salivary glands typically present; radula, when present, of flat marginal teeth. Accessory proboscis structure absent. <i>Distribution:</i> Indo-Pacific; intertidal to upper bathyal depths (to 405 m), but typically shallow water. <i>Remarks</i>: With regard to shell morphology, species of this genus form three distinct groups that are consistent with three of the phylogenetic lineages inferred by Modica <i>et al.</i> (2019). <i>Punctoterebra nitida</i> group. Shell small to medium-sized (<i>&lt;</i> 50 mm), polished, with subsutural band demarcated by deep punctures or short grooves; sculpture predominantly of axial ribs. The small species of the group (<i>P</i>. <i>plumbea</i> and <i>P</i>. <i>solangeae</i>) are conchologically very close to some species of <i>Partecosta</i> (see Remarks on the latter genus). <i>Punctoterebra teramachii</i> group. Shells medium-sized (<i>&lt;</i> 45 mm), with dominant sculpture of orthocline axial ribs; spiral sculpture absent; subsutural band clearly defined. Species of this group are conchologically close to <i>Duplicaria</i>, from which they can be differentiated by the punctate subsutural groove and narrower aperture, and by radular teeth that are solid and recurved in <i>Duplicaria</i>, but flat (or absent) in <i>Punctoterebra</i>. <i>Punctoterebra textilis</i> group. Shell medium-sized (<i>&lt;</i> 50 mm), heavily sculptured, with gently convex whorls. Sculpture of arcuate ribs; interspaces bearing distinct regular striae; subsutural band demarcated by punctuate groove of varying strength. Syphonal canal typically recurved, separated from shell base by distinct waist or deep groove. This group is rather heterogeneous in shell morphology, with its core formed by heavily sculptured species of the <i>P. textilis –</i> <i>P</i>. <i>succincta</i> complex. Similar heavily sculptured shells characterize typical <i>Profunditerebra</i> species; however, these can be distinguished by more rounded ribs, a row of nodules on the subsutural band and by straight siphonal canal. The heavily sculptured species of <i>Terebra</i> in the <i>T. amanda</i> group can be readily differentiated by their divided subsutural bands. The inferred membership of <i>P. lineaperlata</i> in the <i>P</i>. <i>textilis</i> group is, however, unexpected and needs further analysis. <i>Included species:</i> <i>Punctoterebra arabella</i> (Thiele, 1925) 2 n. comb.; <i>P. baileyi</i> (Bratcher &amp; Cernohorsky, 1982) 1 n. comb.; <i>P. ballina</i> (Hedley, 1915) 2 n. comb.; <i>P. caliginosa</i> (Deshayes, 1859) 1 n. comb.; <i>P. castaneofusca</i> (Thiele, 1925) 1 n. comb.; <i>P. contracta</i> (E. A. Smith, 1873) 1 n. comb.; <i>P. exiguoides</i> (Schepman, 1913) 3 n. comb.; <i>P. fuscotaeniata</i> (Thiele, 1925) 2 n. comb.; <i>P. illustris</i> (Malcolm &amp; Terryn, 2012) 2 n. comb.; <i>P. isabella</i> (Thiele, 1925) 2 n. comb.; <i>P. japonica</i> (E. A. Smith, 1873) 3 n. comb.; <i>P. lineaperlata</i> (Terryn &amp; Holford, 2008) 1 n. comb.; <i>P. livida</i> (Reeve, 1860) 3 n. comb.; <i>P. longiscata</i> (Deshayes, 1859) 2 n. comb.; <i>P. nitida</i> (Hinds, 1844) 1 n. comb.; <i>P. paucincisa</i> (Bratcher, 1988) 3 n. comb.; <i>P. plumbea</i> (Quoy &amp; Gaimard, 1833) 1 n. comb.; <i>P. polygyrata</i> (Deshayes, 1859) 1 n. comb.; <i>P. rosacea</i> (Pease, 1869) 3 n. comb.; <i>P. roseata</i> (Adams &amp; Reeve, 1850) 1 <b>∗</b> n. comb.; <i>P. solangeae</i> (Bozzetti, 2015) 1 n. comb.; <i>P. souleyeti</i> (Deshayes, 1859) 1 <b>∗</b> n. comb.; <i>P. succincta</i> (Gmelin, 1791) 1 n. comb.; <i>P. swainsoni</i> (Deshayes, 1859) 2 n. comb.; <i>P. teramachii</i> (Burch, 1965) 1 n. comb.; <i>P. textilis</i> (Hinds, 1844) 1 n. comb.; <i>P. trismacaria</i> (Melvill, 1917) 1 n. comb.; <i>P. turrita</i> (E. A. Smith, 1873) 1 n. comb.; <i>P. turschi</i> (Bratcher, 1981) 2 n. comb.
description: Published as part of <i>Fedosov, Alexander E, Malcolm, Gavin, Terryn, Yves, Gorson, Juliette, Modica, Maria Vittoria, Holford, Mandë &amp; Puillandre, Nicolas, 2019, Phylogenetic classification of the family Terebridae (Neogastropoda: Conoidea), pp. 359-388 in Journal of Molluscan Studies The Malacological Society of London 85 (4)</i> on pages 15-17, DOI: 10.1093/mollus/eyz004, http://zenodo.org/record/4469844
description: {"references": ["MODICA, M. V., GORSON, J., FEDOSOV, A. E., MALCOLM, G., TERRYN, Y., PUILLANDRE, N. &amp; HOLFORD, M. 2019. Macroevolutionary analyses suggest environmental factors, not venom apparatus, play key role in Terebridae marine snail diversification. Systematic Biology. DOI: https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / sysbio / syz 059.", "TERRYN, Y. &amp; HOLFORD, M. 2008. The Terebridae of Vanuatu with a revision of the genus Granuliterebra Oyama, 1961. Visaya, Supplement, 3: 1 - 118."]}