cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
FACTORS AFFECTING SATISFACTION IN THE STEPFAMILY COUPLE
Creators: name: Hafkin, Nancy Floyd
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 39
subject: Education
classificationCode: 3904
subject: Specialist studies in education

description: This study was designed to assess the effectiveness of eight factors in predicting marital satisfaction in stepfamily couples. Based upon the demographic variables utilized in marital satisfaction research upon first-married couples, the following variables were selected: social position as determined by the Two-Factor Index of Social Position (Hollingshead, 1958), religion, frequency of religious activity, sex of stepparent, age of stepchildren, presence or absence of a child from the present relationship, relocation into home new to the relationship, and contact with the non-custodial biological parent. Ninety remarried couples who had married during 1977 were chosen from the Marriage License Bureau in Montgomery County, Maryland, a suburb of Washington, D.C. One-third of the sample were stepfather couples, one-third were stepmother couples, and the final third were couples in which both spouses were stepparents. Each couple had at least one child under the age of 18 in residence. Subjects were contacted by telephone and filled out questionnaires in their homes. The Dyadic Adjustment Scale (Spanier, 1976) was used to measure marital satisfaction and a demographic questionnaire secured data regarding the independent variables. It was hypothesized that a combination of the predictor variables would account for a significant proportion of the variance of the criterion variable (satisfaction). Results of a forward selection multiple regression analysis did not confirm this hypothesis. When individual multiple regression analyses were performed separately for the three groups, differences became apparent. Within the Stepfather group, the variables of being Jewish, presence of child from the present relationship, being Protestant, and frequency of religious activity were the most related to satisfaction. This combination of variables accounted for 27 percent of the variance and approached significance at the .05 level. In the Stepmother group, the variables of relocate, age of children (younger), being Jewish, being Protestant, having no religion, and absence of a child from the present relationship predicted couple satisfaction at the .05 level of significance (R = .42). With the Stepmother-Stepfather group, social position and presence of a child from the present relationship significantly predicted satisfaction at the .01 level (R = .38).
Radiatively Inefficient Accretion Flow Models of Sgr A*
Creators: name: Quataert, Eliot
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I review radiatively inefficient accretion flow models for the 2.6 million solar mass black hole (BH) in the Galactic Center. I argue for a 'concordance model' of Sgr A*: both theory and observations suggest that hot ambient gas around the BH is accreted at a rate of order 10^{-8} solar masses/year, much less than the canonical Bondi rate. I interpret Chandra observations of Sgr A* in the context of such a model: (1) the extended 'quiescent' X-ray emission is due to thermal bremsstrahlung from gas in the vicinity of the Bondi accretion radius, and (2) the ~ ksec long X-ray flares are due to synchrotron or Inverse-Compton emission by non-thermal electrons accelerated in the inner 10 Schwarzschild radii of the accretion flow.
description: 9 pages; to appear in Astron. Nachr., Vol. 324, No. S1 (2003), Special Supplement "The central 300 parsecs of the Milky Way", Eds. A. Cotera, H. Falcke, T. R. Geballe, S. Markoff
Modified wave operators for a scalar quasilinear wave equation satisfying the weak null condition
Creators: name: Yu, Dongxiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove the existence of the modified wave operators for a scalar quasilinear wave equation satisfying the weak null condition. This is accomplished in three steps. First, we derive a new reduced asymptotic system for the quasilinear wave equation by modifying Hörmander's method. Next, we construct an approximate solution, by solving our new reduced system given some scattering data at infinite time. Finally, we prove that the quasilinear wave equation has a global solution which agrees with the approximate solution at infinite time.
description: 51 pages. v2: terminology changed, introduction revised, typos corrected. v3: funding information added, typos corrected
Arthritis Prevalence and Disability Among Young to Early Middle Age Adults in the US: Findings from the 2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
Creators: name: Gilmore, Alison Rochell
Publisher: name: DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: arthritis
subject: disability
subject: surveillance
subject: Arthritis
subject: Disability Studies
subject: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
subject: United States

description: Objective: This study profiles the prevalence of an arthritis diagnosis by key clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of the adult U.S. population age 18-55.Methods: The study included 195,822 respondents which represent an estimated 136.7 million residents of the United States, Guam, and Puerto Rico. The 2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BFRSS) data was used to compare self-reported physical activity, mental health and physical health between respondents with and without an arthritis diagnosis within three age groups, young adults (age 18-34 years), older young adults (age 35-44 years), and early middle age adults (age 45-54 years). We used logistic regression to test the significance of social, demographic and clinical factors associated with the likelihood of an arthritis diagnosis under age 55. We then compare young to early middle age adults who reported being diagnosed with arthritis by three levels of reported pain and by the degree to which they perceive that arthritis limits their functional, social and work lives.  Results: Across all three age groups, adults with arthritis reported increased inactivity and poorer mental and physical health compared to age-matched controls without arthritis. Being diagnosed with arthritis before age 55 was strongly associated with having ever been diagnosed with a depressive disorder (OR:3.10), being obese (OR:2.06), and reporting the lowest household income level as compared with the highest (<$15,000 versus >$75,000, OR:2.26). Among respondents under age 55 with arthritis, being female, obese, reporting poor mental health, lower socioeconomic status, and minority race and ethnicity were all significantly associated with higher reported pain levels and greater arthritis-related functional, social, and work limitations.Conclusion: Arthritis prevalence and disability among adults under age 55 follows a steep social class gradient that is closely associated with mental health and obesity. These findings can guide targeted primary and secondary preventive interventions to encourage healthy weight and support mental health, with the goal of limiting the impact of the disease.
FACTORS AFFECTING SATISFACTION IN THE STEPFAMILY COUPLE
Creators: name: Hafkin, Nancy Floyd
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This study was designed to assess the effectiveness of eight factors in predicting marital satisfaction in stepfamily couples. Based upon the demographic variables utilized in marital satisfaction research upon first-married couples, the following variables were selected: social position as determined by the Two-Factor Index of Social Position (Hollingshead, 1958), religion, frequency of religious activity, sex of stepparent, age of stepchildren, presence or absence of a child from the present relationship, relocation into home new to the relationship, and contact with the non-custodial biological parent. Ninety remarried couples who had married during 1977 were chosen from the Marriage License Bureau in Montgomery County, Maryland, a suburb of Washington, D.C. One-third of the sample were stepfather couples, one-third were stepmother couples, and the final third were couples in which both spouses were stepparents. Each couple had at least one child under the age of 18 in residence. Subjects were contacted by telephone and filled out questionnaires in their homes. The Dyadic Adjustment Scale (Spanier, 1976) was used to measure marital satisfaction and a demographic questionnaire secured data regarding the independent variables. It was hypothesized that a combination of the predictor variables would account for a significant proportion of the variance of the criterion variable (satisfaction). Results of a forward selection multiple regression analysis did not confirm this hypothesis. When individual multiple regression analyses were performed separately for the three groups, differences became apparent. Within the Stepfather group, the variables of being Jewish, presence of child from the present relationship, being Protestant, and frequency of religious activity were the most related to satisfaction. This combination of variables accounted for 27 percent of the variance and approached significance at the .05 level. In the Stepmother group, the variables of relocate, age of children (younger), being Jewish, being Protestant, having no religion, and absence of a child from the present relationship predicted couple satisfaction at the .05 level of significance (R = .42). With the Stepmother-Stepfather group, social position and presence of a child from the present relationship significantly predicted satisfaction at the .01 level (R = .38).
A systematic review of staff training in school-based interventions targeting student physical activity behaviour
Creators: name: Ryan, Mairead
name: Alliott, Olivia
name: Ikeda, Erika
name: Hofmann, Riikka
name: Van Sluijs, Esther
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2022

description: Background: Evaluations of school-based physical activity (PA) interventions suggest limited effectiveness on children’s device-measured PA, partially due to poor implementation. Teacher-led implementation is common but the training provided to teachers is poorly understood and may affect implementation and effectiveness. Purpose: To systematically review the content of teacher training within interventions and examine associations between training characteristics, intervention fidelity and student PA outcomes. Methods: We searched seven databases (MEDLINE, ERIC, ASSIA, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, and SPORTDiscus) from Jan2015-May2020 for randomised controlled trials of teacher-led school-based PA interventions. Publications had to report on teacher fidelity or device-based PA outcomes. Pilot, feasibility and small-scale (≤100 students) trials were excluded. Study authors were sent requests for additional information on teacher training following data extraction using the Template for Intervention Description and Replication checklist. Training content was coded using the Behaviour Change Technique (BCT) Taxonomy v1. Results: 69 papers describing 52 interventions delivered in 1,052 schools were included. Teacher training incorporated 5.17 (±3.16) BCTs; ‘Instruction on how to perform the behaviour’ (98%) and ‘Social support (unspecified)’ (52%) were the only frequently identified BCTs (minimum 50%). Teacher training was poorly reported and not underpinned by professional development or behavioural science literature. Analysis is on-going. Conclusions: Teacher training in school-based PA interventions is generally poorly reported. Data suggests that few BCTs are used to promote behaviour change amongst teachers. Findings may help to explain implementation failures and lack of effect. Registration: PROSPERO 2020 CRD42020180624. Funding: This work was supported by the Economic and Social Research Council [grant number ES/P000738/1]; the NIHR School of Public Health Research [grant number: SJAI/126 RG88936], the University of Cambridge; and the Medical Research Council [grant number: MC_UU_00006/5].
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 14 No. 3 (2021): Proceedings from the 8th International Society for Physical Activity and Health Congress
title: Single Epoch Analysis and Bi-hemisphere Study of Magnetoencephalographic (MEG) Signals using Vector Signal Transformation V3 and Magnetic Field Tomography (MFT)
Creators: name: Liu, LiChan
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1995

description: The biomagnetic inverse problem has no unique solution, nevertheless even a cursory look at the features shown in raw signal can often suffice to highlight strong superficial activity. To do a proper single epoch analysis is normally prohibitively expensive in terms of computing demands. Hence the original aim of this thesis was to use simple efficient signal transformations to characterize superficial generators and contrast the single epoch signature with that extracted from the average signal. The results have intrigued us sufficiently to go beyond the original goal and extract very preliminary estimates of activity across the cerebral hemisphere in single trials.

 The original tool, and one that we have used for much of the work, is a simple vector signal transformation called V3. This signal transformation highlights nearby sources; it is a crude but quick estimator of generators directly from the raw MEG signals. Together with Magnetic Field Tomography (MFT), which relies on distributed source analysis of the MEG signals, we have tackled the following specific problems relating to aspects of normal brain function: efficient estimation of generators of magnetic fields; relationship between the average signal and single trials; and interhemispheric differences and relationship between the activity in the left and right hemispheres of the brain.

 During the project, we have used as examples auditory evoked MEG measurements obtained from two multichannel systems and applied the V3 and MFT analysis to both the average and single trial signals. In particular, we chose the 40-Hz (or gamma band) auditory response as the study subject. We found that in single epochs similar patterns of high frequency activity are observed in the area around the auditory cortex well before, close to and well after stimulus onset; the sequence of events observed in the average can only represent the evolution of events in single trials in a statistical way; and deep and central areas of the brain may be the seeds for the main deflections observed in the auditory responses.
Polychaete species (Annelida) described from the Philippine and China Seas
Creators: name: Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I.
name: Carrera-Parra, Luis F.
name: Muir, Alexander I.
name: León-González, Jesús Angel De
name: Piotrowski, Christina
name: Sato, Masanori
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: Amphinome Bruguière, 1789 (Linopherus) brevis Grube, 1878: Pandanon, Philippines. MPW 261 (= Amphinome brevis fide Hartman 1959) luzoniae Kinberg, 1857: Luzon, Philippines. SMNH 6756 (perhaps Amphinome rostrata fide Hartman 1949) nigrobranchiata Horst, 1912: Pulu Pasi Tanette; Saleh bay, Sumbawa. NML 41.1–2 pulchra Horst, 1912: Banda Sea. NML 40 sericata Fischli, 1903: Ternate, Indonesia. ZMH (= Pherecardia lobata Horst, 1866 fide Horst 1911)
description: Published as part of Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I., Carrera-Parra, Luis F., Muir, Alexander I., León-González, Jesús Angel De, Piotrowski, Christina & Sato, Masanori, 2014, Polychaete species (Annelida) described from the Philippine and China Seas, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 3842 (1) on page 11, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3842.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4928482
Hands On Scenario Collection Development
Creators: name: Gutzman, Karen E
name: Mendoza, Annette Renee
name: Norton, Candace
name: Belter, Chris
Publisher: name: DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: data visualization
subject: Data Visualization
subject: Library Collection Development
subject: Collection development (Libraries)
subject: Microsoft Excel (Computer file)

description: Data visualization is used to communicate complex information and explore trends in large sources of data. Compelling data visualization requires thoughtful planning and execution; from understanding the data, choosing the right chart, balancing visual cues, and providing narratives to tell interesting stories. This course gives attendees a strong foundation in the principles of data visualization. In addition attendees will use Microsoft Excel, a common but incredibly powerful tool, to visualize library-relevant data through a series of hands-on activities. Attendees will gain practical and immediately useful skills for visualizing both qualitative and quantitative data.
A Follow Up Study of Sixty-Eight Business Education Graduates of Carver Vocational-Technical High School, Baltimore, Maryland
Creators: name: Richardson, Aresa Camm
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 39
subject: Education
classificationCode: 3903
subject: Education systems
classificationCode: 3904
subject: Specialist studies in education

description: Description to be added
Non-Singular Solutions for S-branes
Creators: name: Jones, Gregory
name: Maloney, Alexander
name: Strominger, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exact, non-singular, time-dependent solutions of Maxwell-Einstein gravity with and without dilatons are constructed by double Wick rotating a variety of static, axisymmetric solutions. This procedure transforms arrays of charged or neutral black holes into s-brane (spacelike brane) solutions, i.e. extended, short-lived spacelike defects. Along the way, new static solutions corresponding to arrays of alternating-charge Reissner-Nordstrom black holes, as well as their dilatonic generalizations, are found. Their double Wick rotation yields s-brane solutions which are periodic in imaginary time and potential large-N duals for the creation/decay of unstable D-branes in string theory.
description: 21 pages, 3 figures
Occupational Choice: Teacher Quality Versus Teacher Quantity
Creators: name: Hatsor, Limor
name: Hatsor, Limor
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Human capital accumulation
subject: Skilled-biased technological change
subject: Teacher quality
subject: Pupil-teacher ratio
subject: Education Policy

description: This article examines the relationship between skill-biased technological changes and the decline in both teacher quality and pupil–teacher ratio—called the “quality–quantity trade-off”—in the United States and other advanced economies during the past several decades. The study presents a theory of educational production that emphasizes teachers’ occupational choices. A key assumption is that talented agents have a comparative advantage in learning. The model endogenously generates a teachers sector with intermediate abilities between two types of skilled workers with tertiary education: highly skilled workers and vocational workers. This unique feature helps specify which technological changes may lead to quality–quantity trade-offs. In particular, a crucial element is that the ratio of incomes and thus income inequality rises within the skilled sector. In this case, the most talented teachers depart from the teachers sector to join the highly skilled sector, and as such, teacher quality declines. In other cases, both teacher quality and teacher quantity may increase. The results are consistent with the observed patterns of technology, educational attainment, educational expenditure, and wage inequality in advanced economies. Finally, other potential causes for the quality– quantity trade-off include a reduction in the teacher certification requirements and shifts in the distribution of initial endowments.
On the rank of a tropical matrix
Creators: name: Develin, M.
name: Santos, F.
name: Sturmfels, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15A33; 15A03, 52A30

description: This is a foundational paper in tropical linear algebra, which is linear algebra over the min-plus semiring. We introduce and compare three natural definitions of the rank of a matrix, called the Barvinok rank, the Kapranov rank and the tropical rank. We demonstrate how these notions arise naturally in polyhedral and algebraic geometry, and we show that they differ in general. Realizability of matroids plays a crucial role here. Connections to optimization are also discussed.
description: 20 pages, 1 figure
Which activity domain contributes most to (changes in) accelerometer-assessed moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in young people?
Creators: name: Ikeda, Erika
name: Guagliano, Justin
name: Atkin, Andrew
name: Sherar, Lauren
name: Hansen, Bjørge
name: Ekelund, Ulf
name: Van Sluijs, Esther
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2022

description: Background: Physical activity (PA) declines during childhood. Important sources of PA are active travel, organized sport and physical education (PE), but it is unclear which domain contributes most to improving and maintaining PA. Purpose: To examine cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between domain-specific PA (active travel, organised sport and PE) and daily moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) in children and adolescents. Methods: Participants (8.5-18 years at baseline) were drawn from three studies in the International Children’s Accelerometry Database (ICAD); n=3871 and n=2302 were included in cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses, respectively. Accelerometer-measured MVPA was regressed on self-reported standardised active travel, organised sport and PE in separate linear regression models, adjusted for study, age, sex, maternal education, season, and monitor wear time. Longitudinal analyses regressed changes in MVPA on baseline PA domain, additionally adjusted for change in season and wear time, follow-up duration, and baseline MVPA. R-squared was used to compare variance explained by each PA domain. Results: Cross-sectionally, organised sport showed the strongest magnitude of association (beta coefficient=3.81, p<0.001; R-squared=23.4%), then active travel (3.46, p<0.001; 23.2%) and PE (0.82, p>0.05; 21.5%). Associations followed a similar pattern in longitudinal analyses, albeit all non-significant. Conclusions: Childhood participation in organised sport contributed more to MVPA than active travel and PE cross-sectionally, but none of the PA domains predicted change in MVPA. A wide range of PA domains should be promoted to minimise the age-related decline in MVPA during childhood. Funding: UK Medical Research Council [MC_UU_00006/5].
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 14 No. 3 (2021): Proceedings from the 8th International Society for Physical Activity and Health Congress
Additional file 7 of Trends in neonicotinoid pesticide residues in food and water in the United States, 1999–2015
Creators: name: Craddock, Hillary A.
name: Huang, Dina
name: Turner, Paul C.
name: Lesliam Quirós-Alcalá
name: Payne-Sturges, Devon C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Descriptive statistics by sample type for water samples from PDP 2001–2013, by year and neonicotinoid type. All concentrations in ppt. (DOCX 15 kb)
A Model of Persuasion with a Boundedly Rational Agent
Creators: name: Glazer, Jacob
name: Rubinstein, Ariel
name: Glazer, Jacob
name: Rubinstein, Ariel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Financial Economics

description: A new model of mechanism design with a boundedly rational agent is studied. A speaker presents a request to a listener who would like to accept the request only if certain conditions are met by the speaker’s true case. This persuasion situation is modeled as a leader-follower relationship. The listener first announces and commits to a persuasion rule, i.e. a set of conditions to be satisfied by the case in order for him to be persuaded. Then, the speaker presents a case, though not necessarily the true one. The speaker is boundedly rational in the sense that his ability to come up with a persuasive case is limited and depends on the true case and on the persuasion rule and the way in which it is framed. We fully characterize the circumstances under which the listener’s goal can be achieved.
TRK Sum Rule for Interacting Photons
Creators: name: Savasta, Salvatore
name: Di Stefano, Omar
name: Nori, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Thomas-Reiche-Kuhn sum rule is a fundamental consequence of the position-momentum commutation relation for an atomic electron and it provides an important constraint on the transition matrix elements for an atom. Here we propose a TRK sum rule for electromagnetic fields which is valid even in the presence of very strong light-matter interactions and/or optical nonlinearities. While the standard TRK sum rule involves dipole matrix moments calculated between atomic energy levels (in the absence of interaction with the field), the sum rule here proposed involves expectation values of field operators calculated between general eigenstates of the interacting light-matter system. This sum rule provides constraints and guidance for the analysis of strongly interacting light-matter systems and can be used to test the validity of approximate effective Hamiltonians often used in quantum optics.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures
Fano threefolds with sections in $Ω_V^1(1)$
Creators: name: Jahnke, Priska
name: Radloff, Ivo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J45, 14J30

description: We study Fano threefolds with Picard number one equipped with a holomorphic section in $Ω_V^1(1)$.
description: 15 pages, LaTeX2e
Bathychloeia Horst 1910
Creators: name: Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I.
name: Carrera-Parra, Luis F.
name: Muir, Alexander I.
name: León-González, Jesús Angel De
name: Piotrowski, Christina
name: Sato, Masanori
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Polychaeta
Amphinomida
Amphinomidae
Bathychloeia

description: Bathychloeia Horst, 1910 sibogae Horst, 1910: Siboga Sta. 211, Gulf of Boni, Indonesia. NML 124
description: Published as part of Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I., Carrera-Parra, Luis F., Muir, Alexander I., León-González, Jesús Angel De, Piotrowski, Christina & Sato, Masanori, 2014, Polychaete species (Annelida) described from the Philippine and China Seas, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 3842 (1) on page 11, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3842.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4928482
Realism in Energy Transition Processes: an example from Bohmian Quantum Mechanics
Creators: name: de Barros, J. Acacio
name: de Mendonca, J. P. R. F.
name: Pinto-Neto, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study in details a system of two weakly coupled harmonic oscillators. This system may be viewed as a simple model for the interaction between a photon and a photodetector. We obtain exact solutions for the general case. We then compute approximate solutions for the case of a single photon (where one oscillator is initially in its first excited state) reaching a photodetector in its ground state (the other oscillator). The approximate solutions represent the state of both the photon and the photodetector after the interaction, which is not an eigenstate of the individual hamiltonians for each particle, and therefore the energies for each particle do not exist in the Copenhagen interpretation of Quantum Mechanics. We use the approximate solutions that we obtained to compute bohmian trajectories and to study the energy transfer between the two particles. We conclude that even using the bohmian view the energy of each individual particle is not well defined, as the nonlocal quantum potential is not negligible even after the coupling is turned off.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures
On some neural network architectures that can represent viscosity solutions of certain high dimensional Hamilton--Jacobi partial differential equations
Creators: name: Darbon, Jérôme
name: Meng, Tingwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose novel connections between several neural network architectures and viscosity solutions of some Hamilton--Jacobi (HJ) partial differential equations (PDEs) whose Hamiltonian is convex and only depends on the spatial gradient of the solution. To be specific, we prove that under certain assumptions, the two neural network architectures we proposed represent viscosity solutions to two sets of HJ PDEs with zero error. We also implement our proposed neural network architectures using Tensorflow and provide several examples and illustrations. Note that these neural network representations can avoid curve of dimensionality for certain HJ PDEs, since they do not involve neither grids nor discretization. Our results suggest that efficient dedicated hardware implementation for neural networks can be leveraged to evaluate viscosity solutions of certain HJ PDEs.
title: Hares and Skylarks as Indicators of Environmentally Sensitive Farming on the South Downs
Creators: name: Wakeham-Dawson, Andrew
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1995

description: Grants to farmers are increasingly being directed towards encouraging environmentally sensitive farming practices. This is particularly true in areas that are valued for their landscape and wildlife, such as the chalk grasslands of the South Downs. If such grants are to maintain and improve environmental conditions that are suitable for wildlife, the outcomes need to be monitored regularly. Ideally the form of monitoring should be simple and inexpensive to carry out, to allow farmers to assess for themselves their farms' suitability for wildlife and amend their farming practices accordingly. The current research identified and investigated the potential of hares and skylarks, two easily identified wildlife species which are typical of chalk grassland habitats, as indicators of the quality of farmland for wildlife on the South Downs. Hares and skylarks are familiar species to most farmers and there is some concern among conservationists that the numbers of both species are declining. The research has shown that both species can be counted without much difficulty. Hare numbers are highest on farms where fox control is practised, and this can over-ride the effects of other factors. When the effect of predator control is allowed for in the analysis, hares appear to favour farms where there is a wide diversity of habitat types. The breeding density of skylarks is determined by more localised environmental factors on areas of farms, such as vegetation height and grazing pressure. Both hares and skylarks can benefit from the introduction of rotational set-aside, but ESA grassland is not favoured by hares or skylarks if grazed very short. The research suggests that monitoring hares and skylarks could be a valuable aid in assessing the effects of environmentally sensitive farming policy on downland wildlife.
The distribution of class groups of function fields
Creators: name: Achter, Jeff
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Using equidistribution results of Katz and a computation in finite symplectic groups, we give an explicit asymptotic formula for the proportion of curves C over a finite field for which the l-torsion of Jac(C) is isomorphic to a given abelian l-group. In doing so, we prove a conjecture of Friedman and Washington
description: To appear, JPAA
Teachers' perspectives on using data from wearable technologies to inform school-based physical activity
Creators: name: Wort, Georgina
name: Wiltshire, Gareth
name: Peacock, Oliver
name: Sebire, Simon
name: Daly-Smith, Andy
name: Thompson, Dylan
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2022

description: Background: Many children are not engaging in sufficient physical activity, with vast between-children inequalities. Schools play a vital role in instilling long-term behaviours. As wearable technologies increase in popularity, data-drive decision making has the potential to inform and develop teachers' practices. Purpose: To study teachers' perspectives on the use of physical activity from wearable technologies, and whether the use of devices in schools would be feasible and acceptable to teachers. Methods: Secondary data from a commercial wearable technology company was analysed. The data came from 35 schools, 1234 pupils. Graphs were developed to illustrate children's in-school physical activity and used in semi-structured interviews with 26 UK-based primary school teachers, exploring their responses to data and opinions on wearable technologies within schools. Interview transcripts were thematically analysed. Results: Most teachers spoke positively about the use of wearable technologies specifically designed for school use, highlighting the potential benefits, as well as considerations. Teachers demonstrated comprehension of the graphs presented and provided explanations for the within-and-between school differences and inequalities in physical activity. Teachers’ responses to the data included those that were rationalising, emotional, and which suggested a change in intentionality. Conclusions: Device-measured physical activity data can be communicated effectively to teachers. Illustrations elicited strong responses from teachers and thus could be used to inform teachers' behaviours and school practices, with the aim to address in-school physical inactivity and inequalities. Funding: GKW is funded by the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC).
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 14 No. 3 (2021): Proceedings from the 8th International Society for Physical Activity and Health Congress
Physical Zero-Knowledge Proof for Numberlink Puzzle and $k$ Vertex-Disjoint Paths Problem
Creators: name: Ruangwises, Suthee
name: Itoh, Toshiya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Numberlink is a logic puzzle with an objective to connect all pairs of cells with the same number by non-crossing paths in a rectangular grid. In this paper, we propose a physical protocol of zero-knowledge proof for Numberlink using a deck of cards, which allows a prover to convince a verifier that he/she knows a solution without revealing it. In particular, the protocol shows how to physically count the number of elements in a list that are equal to a given secret value without revealing that value, the positions of elements in the list that are equal to it, or the value of any other element in the list. Finally, we show that our protocol can be modified to verify a solution of the well-known $k$ vertex-disjoint paths problem, both the undirected and directed settings.
description: A preliminary version of this paper has appeared in the proceedings of FUN 2021
How should we choose the most appropriate Epoch-Length for Children’s Physical Activity?
Creators: name: Nigg, Claudio
name: Nigg, Carina
name: Kim, Mihyun
name: Sharp, Julia
name: Burg, Xanna
name: Cunningham-Sabo, Leslie
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2022

description: Background: It is unclear how epoch length (EL) influences children’s physical activity prevalence and relationships with health outcomes. Purpose: To investigate the impact of different ELs (1-15, 30, and 60 seconds, 2, 5, 10, 30, and 60 minutes) for children on: a) meeting World Health Organization physical activity guidelines; and b) physical activity and BMI relationship. Methods: Children (n=460, age=9.14 (SD=0.35) years, 50.7% female, 73.0% white, and 26.1% overweight/obese) wore a wrist-mounted GENEactiv accelerometer for one week. Results: For 1-, 15-s, and 10-min EL, children accumulated 116.29 (SD=30.56), 21.59 (SD=12.29), and 0.04 (SD=0.56), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity minutes/day, respectively, with no MVPA for 30 and 60 minutes. The shorter the EL, the more children met physical activity guidelines; 85.7%, 32.9%, and 0.4% of children met physical activity guidelines at 1-, 5-, and at 15-s ELs, respectively. For the two shortest ELs, there were no sex differences, whereas from 3- to 13-s EL, boys had higher prevalence than girls. The strongest correlation between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and BMI z-score was around 6-s EL (for boys between 8-10-s ELs (r=-0.070 to r=-0.072), for girls between 3-6-s EL (r=-0.034 to r=-0.037)). Conclusions: For this sample, around 5+/-1-s seems the most appropriate EL for physical activity in children. For generalizibility, replication with other samples is needed. The very short EL’s and the sex difference’s impact on morbidity and mortality should be further investigated. Funding: National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture, award number 2012-68001-19603.
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 14 No. 3 (2021): Proceedings from the 8th International Society for Physical Activity and Health Congress
Optimal Unemployment Insurance with Monitoring
Creators: name: Setty, Ofer
name: Setty, Ofer
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Public Economics
subject: Recursive Contracts
subject: Unemployment Insurance
subject: Job Search Monitoring

description: Monitoring the job-search activities of unemployed workers is a common gov- ernment intervention. I model monitoring in the optimal unemployment insurance framework of Hopenhayn and Nicolini (1997), where job-search e¤ort is private in- formation for the unemployed worker. In the model, monitoring provides costly imperfect information upon which the government conditions the unemployment bene ts. In the optimal monitoring scheme, random monitoring, together with endogenous sanctions and rewards, create e¤ective job-search incentives for the un- employed worker. For CRRA utility, the monitoring frequency increases and the spreads decrease with promised utility, if and only if the coe¢ cient of risk aver- sion is greater than 1 2 . Compared to optimal unemployment insurance, monitoring saves, at the balanced budget point, about eighty percent of the cost associated with moral hazard. The gain is achieved by a decrease of more than half in the standard deviation of consumption.
Validation of the SOFIT+: Relating physical activity promoting practices to moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in 5–6-year-old children
Creators: name: Crotti, Matteo
name: Rudd, James
name: Weaver, Glenn
name: Roberts, Simon
name: O'Callaghan, Laura
name: Davies, Katie
name: Foweather, Lawrence
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2022

description: Background: Teaching behaviours within physical education can affect moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) engagement during lessons. However, no tool has been validated to assess teacher practices promoting MVPA in 5-6 years old children. Purpose: To validate the modified System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time (SOFIT+) in 5 to 6 years old children. Methods: Participants (n=165, 53.3% female, 5-6yrs) were recruited from nine primary schools. Video recordings of 45 PE lessons (3 per class) from 9 teachers/coaches were coded using an age-appropriate modified version of the SOFIT+. Inter-rater reliability was assessed on 30% of coded lessons. A SOFIT+ index score was calculated for each 40 second(s) scan. Children’s moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was estimated using wrist-worn accelerometers. Multinomial logistic regression assessed the relationship of both the SOFIT+ index score and individual MVPA promoting practices with children’s MVPA. Results: Percent agreement was >85.5% for each observed SOFIT+ variable. Compared to engaging in 0-9s of MVPA per 40s scan, a 1 unit increase in the SOFIT+ index score was associated with an increased likelihood for children to engage in 10-19s (OR = 1.43), 20-29s (OR = 1.86) and 30-40s (OR = 2.50) of MVPA. The vast majority of the observed teaching practices were significantly related to children’s MVPA. Conclusions: SOFIT+ can produce valid and reliable data to examine teaching behaviours related to PA promotion. Furthermore, the relationship between individual teaching behaviours and children’s MVPA was generally in line with previous research and could inform practitioners’ PA promotion behaviours.
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 14 No. 3 (2021): Proceedings from the 8th International Society for Physical Activity and Health Congress
title: Authoritarianism Hostility Toward Women Attitudes Toward Violence Rape Myth Acceptance and Sexual Aggression
Creators: name: Bondi, Gina M.
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2007

description: Almost one out of every five women has been, or will have been, the victim of sexual aggression and/or rape in their lives (National Institute of Justice, 2000). This staggering statistic exemplifies the importance of speculating which traits are related to, or are predictive of, sexually aggressive behavior. Based on previous research, the current study investigated relationships between authoritarianism, hostility toward women, attitudes toward violence, and rape myth acceptance, as related sexual aggression in undergraduate men It was projected that authoritarianism, hostility toward women, attitudes toward violence, and rape myth acceptance would significantly and positively predict all dimensions of sexual aggression as measured by the Sexual Experiences Questionnaire including manipulative sexual behavior, coercive sexual behavior, sexual assault, attempted rape, rape, and fantasy rape.

Respondents were 67 male college students who attended a large public university in southeastern Virginia. Participants completed the Right-Wing Authoritarianism Scale (Altemeyer, 1981), the Hostility Toward Women Scale (Lonsway & Fitzgerald, 1995), the Attitudes Toward Violence Scale (Lonsway & Fitzgerald, 1995), the Rape Myth Acceptance Scale (Burt, 1980), the Sexual Experiences Questionnaire (Lisak & Roth, 1988; derived (rom the Sexual Experiences Survey, Koss & Oros, 1982), and a demographic information questionnaire.

Logistic regressions were performed to determine whether the aforementioned variables predicted men's endorsement of sexually aggressive behavior. Results of the logistic regressions revealed that rape myth acceptance was the only significant predictor of any subscale of sexual aggression examined. More specifically, rape myth acceptance significantly and positively predicted attempted rape, rape, and fantasy rape; therefore, beliefs about rape appear closely related to behaviors that constitute rape. Results of the study as well as strengths and limitations are discussed in detail.
Task-space Synergies for Reaching using Upper-limb Prostheses
Creators: name: Garcia-Rosas, Ricardo
name: Oetomo, Denny
name: Manzie, Chris
name: Tan, Ying
name: Choong, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Synergistic prostheses enable the coordinated movement of the human-prosthetic arm, as required by activities of daily living. This is achieved by coupling the motion of the prosthesis to the human command, such as the residual limb movement in motion-based interfaces. Previous studies demonstrated that developing human-prosthetic synergies in joint-space must consider individual motor behaviour and the intended task to be performed, requiring personalisation and task calibration. In this work, an alternative synergy-based strategy, utilising a synergistic relationship expressed in task-space, is proposed. This task-space synergy has the potential to replace the need for personalisation and task calibration with a model-based approach requiring knowledge of the individual user's arm kinematics, the anticipated hand motion during the task and voluntary information from the prosthetic user. The proposed method is compared with surface electromyography-based and joint-space synergy-based prosthetic interfaces in a study of motor behaviour and task performance on able-bodied subjects using a VR-based transhumeral prosthesis. Experimental results showed that for a set of forward reaching tasks the proposed task-space synergy achieves comparable performance to joint-space synergies without the need to rely on time-consuming calibration processes or human motor learning. Case study results with an amputee subject motivate the further development of the proposed task-space synergy method.
Benthoscolex Horst 1912
Creators: name: Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I.
name: Carrera-Parra, Luis F.
name: Muir, Alexander I.
name: León-González, Jesús Angel De
name: Piotrowski, Christina
name: Sato, Masanori
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Polychaeta
Amphinomida
Amphinomidae
Benthoscolex

description: Benthoscolex Horst, 1912 coecus Horst, 1912: Flores Sea. NML 125.3, 125.1–2
description: Published as part of Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I., Carrera-Parra, Luis F., Muir, Alexander I., León-González, Jesús Angel De, Piotrowski, Christina & Sato, Masanori, 2014, Polychaete species (Annelida) described from the Philippine and China Seas, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 3842 (1) on page 11, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3842.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4928482
A Model of Persuasion with Boundedly Rational Agents
Creators: name: Glazer, Jacob
name: Rubinstein, Ariel
name: Glazer, Jacob
name: Rubinstein, Ariel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Financial Economics

description: A new model of mechanism design with a boundedly rational agent is studied. A speaker presents a request to a listener who would like to accept the request only if certain conditions are met by the speaker’s true profile. This persuasion situation is modeled as a leader-follower relationship. The listener first announces and commits to a persuasion rule, i.e., a set of conditions to be satisfied by the profile in order for him to be persuaded. Then, the speaker presents a profile, though not necessarily the true one. The speaker is boundedly rational in the sense that his ability to come up with a persuasive profile is limited and depends on the true profile and on the persuasion rule and the way in which it is framed. We fully characterize the circumstances under which the listener’s goal can be achieved.
Magnetic Honeycomb
Creators: name: Nandwana, Vikas
Publisher: name: Galter Health Science Library & Learning Center
Year: 2016

description: Honorable Mention
description: The microscopic particles shown here are made of iron oxide, or rust, just like on a car. But these nanoparticles are tiny, 100,000 times thinner than a sheet of paper.In this image all the nanoparticles are the same size and shape and distance apart, and each magnetic particle is subjected to the attraction and repulsion forces of its neighbors. As a result, the magnetic nano-particles self-assemble (or come together) in a closely-packed honeycomb pattern. Iron oxide nanoparticles like these are already used to help people suffering from anemia, or iron deficiency. Researchers study how these magnetic nanoparticles interact with each other and with tissues in the body, which can open new avenues for nontoxic, targeted tests and treatments for cancer, Alzheimers and cardiovascular disease.Northwestern University Atomic & Nanoscale Characterization Experimental Center (NUANCE)Tools & Techniques: Transmission Electron Microscope + colored in Photoshop