Apanteles semicarinatus Liu & Chen 2020, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Liu, Zhen
name: He, Jun-Hua
name: Chen, Xue-Xin
name: Gupta, Ankita
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Braconidae
Apanteles
Apanteles semicarinatus

description: Apanteles semicarinatus Liu & Chen, sp. nov.   
(Figures 77, 103)  
 Description. Holotype. Female. Body length 2.6 mm, fore wing length 3.0 mm.   
 Head. Transverse in dorsal view, 2.0× as wide as long, nearly as wide as mesoscutum. Vertex between eye and posterior ocellus shiny without puncture. Temple slightly shiny and impunctate, slightly constricted. Face 0.8× as high as wide, dull with close bumps, inner margin of eyes subparallel-sided. Ocelli not large, posterior tangent to anterior ocellus almost touching posterior ocelli, distance between fore and hind ocellus indistinctly slightly longer than diameter of hind ocellus, POL:OD:OOL=6.0:2.0:4.0. Antenna nearly as long as body length, weakly closely articulated, penultimate flagellomere indistinctly 1.1× longer than wide.   
 Mesosoma. Length:width:height = 47.5:32.0:36.5. Disc of mesonotum shiny, with extremely small and shallow punctures, disappearing at apical margin, interspaces larger than diameter of puncture, weakly striate-punctation at posterior end of notaulic courses. Scutellar sulcus straight, wide with carinae in between. Scutellum shiny and polished entirely, much narrow posteriorly. Lateral polished field of scutellum reaching over half length of scutellum. Propodeum dull, strongly rugose entirely, areola indistinct and remarkably small, medial keel half length of propodeum, without costulae, and spiracle only enclosed by posterior keels. Mesopleuron shiny, anterior parts dull with shallow punctures.   
 Legs. Hind coxa shiny with extremely shallow hairy puncture. Spines on outer side of third tibia rather long and sparse. Inner spurs of hind tibia fully half length of hind basitarsus, outer spur 2/5. Basitarsus of hind leg as long as tarsomeres 2–4 combined, claws of normal size.   
 Wings. Pterostigma 3.0× as long as its widest part. Vein 1-R1 1.1× as long as pterostigma, 5.0× as long as its distance from apex of marginal cell. Vein r arising from middle of pterostigma, perpendicular to it, weakly longer than width of pterostigma, 1.4× longer than 2-SR, angled at junction, 2-M half length of 2-SR, as long as 1-SR, m-cu nearly as long as 2-SR. First discal cell of fore wing much wider, 1.3× wider than high. Second submarginal cell of hind wing 1.2× wider than high. Vein cu-a curved. Hind wing broad, length of 1-M distinctly shorter than distance between its distal extremity and apex of vannal lobe, and vannal lobe beyond its widest part concave and hairless.   
 Metasoma. As long as mesosoma. T1 parallel-sided, 1.2× longer than hind width, concave at basal third, turnedover part dull with rugose-punctate laterally, longitudinal channel distinctly concave, shiny, smooth, and apical tubercle polished. T2 slightly shiny and rugulose, 4.0× wider than long in the middle, strongly curved into T3 apically. T3 1.8× longer than T2. Tergites posterior to T2 polished, shiny, and pubescent. Hypopygium not longer than apex of metasoma. Ovipositor sheath weakly longer than length of hind tibia, slightly wider, hairs longer.   
 Colour. Black. Tegula dark brown. Palpi yellowish brown and spurs pale yellowish. Antenna and ovipositor sheath dark brown. Labrum and mandible dark brown. Legs black, except most parts of fore femur, tibia with tarsus bright yellow, basal third of mid tibia, mid tarsus, and basal fifth of hind tibia more or less fumous. Wing membrane hyaline, C+SC+R pale yellow, 1-R1 and border of pterostigma brown, other alar veins more or less colourless, pterostigma pallid.   
 Variation. Body length 2.0– 2.9 mm, fore wing length 2.2–3.0 mm. Fore trochanter and femur (except apex) yellowish brown or blackish brown.   
 Male. Unknown.   
 Host. According to label, Helicoverpa armigera Hubner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).   
 Material examined. Holotype: 1♀, Dalian, Liaoning, 1994.VIII.16, Lou Juxian, No. 952261. Paratypes: 1♀, Yuexi, Anhui, 1981. VI.2, Yang Fuan, No. 820584; 1♀, Mt. Xiaowuyi, Fujian, 1983.VII.26–29, Ma Yun, No. 832264; 2♀♀, Chebaling, Shixing, Guangdong, 2002.V.25, Xu Zaifu, Nos. 20051316, 20051227; 1♀, Wanjia, Mayanghe, Guizhou, 2007.IX.27–30, Liu Jingxian, No. 200708364; 2♀♀, ditto, Zhu Lanlan, Nos. 200708098, 200708081; 3♀♀, Yangjiaping, Mt. Xiaowutai, Hebei, 2005.VIII.20, Zhang Hongying, Nos. 200611873, 200611834, 200611704; 1♀, Jinhekou, Mt. Xiaowutai, Hebei, 2000. VII.29–30, Bu Wenjun, No. 200101261; 2♀♀, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, 1992.VIII.16, Lou Juxian, Nos. 950622, 950623; 1♀, Jingbohu, Heilongjiang, 1995.VIII.26, Lou Juxian, No. 962225; 1♀, Xuchang, Henan, 1979.IX, Zhu Changqing, No. 803352; 1♀, Shayang, Hubei, 1974.IX, Zhao Jingzhao, No. 740841, ex Helicoverpa armigera Hubner; 1♀, Mt. Huping, Shimen, Hunan, 2009.VII.12, Zeng Jie, No. 200900734; 1♀, Sanhecun, Mt. Huping, Shimen, Hunan, 2009.VII.11, Tangpu, No. 200901096; 1♀, Changsha, Hunan, 1980, Tong Xinwang, No. 20044858; 3♀♀, Mt. Changbai, Jilin, 1994.VIII.4, Lou Juxian, Nos. 951892, 951934, 951883; 2♀♀, ditto, 1993.VIII.4–20, Lou Juxian, Nos. 976498, 976369; 6♀♀, Tonghua, Jilin, 1994.VIII.1, Lou Juxian, Nos. 976606, 976648, 976667, 976668, 976751, 976759; 2♀♀, Dalian, Liaoning, 1994.VIII.16, Lou Juxian, Nos. 952167, 952187; 7♀♀, Fuxin, Liaoning, 1994.VII.26, ditto, Nos. 951453, 951437, 951377, 951467, 951472, 951442, 951438; 1♀, ditto, 1995.VII.16–23, ditto, No. 961402; 2♀♀, Suizhong, Liaoning, 1993.VI, ditto, Nos. 976296, 976301; 3♀♀, Dongling, Shenyang, Liaoning, 1994.X.10 /V–VI/VII.10, ditto, Nos. 948165, 947499, 947187; 4♀♀, Shenyang, Liaoning, 1995.VI–VII, ditto, Nos. 960294, 960238, 960320, 960728; 1♀, ditto, 1995.VII.24, ditto, No. 975833; 14♀♀, Dalian, Liaoning, 1992.IX.5, ditto, Nos. 976180, 976240, 976262, 976274, 976261, 976153, 976148, 976165, 976062, 976162, 976169, 976270, 976264, 976126; 1♀, Liaoyuan, Lia- oning, 1990.VIII.10, ditto, No. 977307; 1♀, Mt. Laoshan, Shandong, 1995.VIII.2, Cai Ping, No. 958212; 1♀, Mt. Tianmu, Zhejiang, 1987.IX.4, Fan Jinjiang, No. 876059; 1♀, ditto, 1982.X.8–10, Ma Yun, No. 826177; 1♀, ditto, 1984.VII.28, Wu Xiaojing, No. 844195; 1♀, Qingyuan, Zhejiang, 1985.VII.20–25, Wu Quancong, No. 851707; 1♀, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 1964.VI.4, Hu Cui, No. 770390, coll. in sweet potato field; 1♀, Mt. Gutian, Zhejiang, 1986. VII.22, Lou Xiaoming, No. 863293.   
 Variation. Some specimens with yellow to yellowish brown pterostigma.   
 Distribution. China (Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jilin, Liaoning, Shangdong, Zhejiang).   
 Etymology. The specific name “ semicarinatus ” derives from the Latin “semis” and “carinatus”, referring to the propodeum with a keel half way to the middle.   
 Remarks. This species is similar to A. leptoura Cameron, but differs in the following: propodeum strongly rugose entirely (only weakly rugulose posterio-laterally in latter); penultimate flagellomere indistinctly 1.1× longer than wide (at least 1.5× in latter); and ovipositor sheath much wider, but shorter (narrower, and nearly 1.3× longer than hind tibia in latter).
description: Published as part of Liu, Zhen, He, Jun-Hua, Chen, Xue-Xin & Gupta, Ankita, 2020, The ater-group of the genus Apanteles Foerster (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) from China with the descriptions of forty-eight new species, pp. 1-205 in Zootaxa 4807 (1) on pages 156-158, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4807.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3927639