cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Evidence for the transition of a Jacobi ellipsoid into a Maclaurin spheroid in gamma-ray bursts
Creators: name: Rueda, J. A.
name: Ruffini, R.
name: Li, L.
name: Moradi, R.
name: Rodriguez, J. F.
name: Wang, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the binary-driven hypernova (BdHN) scenario, long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) originate in a cataclysmic event that occurs in a binary system composed of a carbon-oxygen (CO) star and a neutron star (NS) companion in close orbit. The collapse of the CO star generates at its center a newborn NS ($ν$NS), and a supernova (SN) explosion. Matter from the ejecta is accreted both onto the $ν$NS because of fallback and onto the NS companion, leading to the collapse of the latter into a black hole (BH). Each of the ingredients of the above system leads to observable emission episodes in a GRB. In particular, the $ν$NS is expected to show up (hereafter $ν$NS-rise) in the early GRB emission, nearly contemporary or superimposed to the ultrarelativistic prompt emission (UPE) phase, but with a different spectral signature. Following the $ν$NS-rise, the $ν$NS powers the afterglow emission by injecting energy into the expanding ejecta leading to synchrotron radiation. We here show that the $ν$NS-rise and the subsequent afterglow emission in both systems, GRB 180720B and GRB 190114C, are powered by the release of rotational energy of a Maclaurin spheroid, starting from the bifurcation point to the Jacobi ellipsoid sequence. This implies that the $ν$NS evolves from a triaxial Jacobi configuration, prior to the $ν$NS-rise, into the axially symmetric Maclaurin configuration observed in the GRB. The triaxial $ν$NS configuration is short-lived (less than a second) due to a copious emission of gravitational waves, before the GRB emission, and it could be in principle detected for sources located at distances closer than $100$ Mpc. This appears to be a specific process of emission of gravitational waves in the BdHN I powering long GRBs.
description: Accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Dynamical systems of cosmological models for different possibilities of $G$ and $ρ_Λ$
Creators: name: Sonia, Chingtham
name: Singh, S. Surendra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: A.0
subject: 83F05

description: The present paper deals with the dynamics of spatially flat Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) cosmological model with a time varying cosmological constant $Λ$ where $Λ$ evolves with the cosmic time (t) through the Hubble parameter (H). We consider that the model dynamics has a reflection symmetry $H \rightarrow -H $ with $Λ(H)$ expressed in the form of Taylor series with respect to H. Dynamical systems for three different cases based on the possibilities of gravitational constant G and the vacuum energy density $ρ_Λ$ have been analysed. In Case I, both G and $ρ_Λ$ are taken to be constant. We analyse stability of the system by using the notion of spectral radius, behavior of perturbation along each of the axis with respect to cosmic time and Poincare sphere. In Case II, we have dynamical system analysis for G=constant and $ρ_Λ \neq $ constant where we study stability by using the concept of spectral radius and perturbation function. In Case III, we take $G \neq$ constant and $ρ_Λ \neq$ constant where we introduce a new set of variables to set up the corresponding dynamical system. We find out the fixed points of the system and analyse the stability from different directions: by analysing behaviour of the perturbation along each of the axis, Center Manifold Theory and stability at infinity using Poincare sphere respectively. Phase plots and perturbation plots have been presented. We deeply study the cosmological scenario with respect to the fixed points obtained and analyse the late time behavior of the Universe. Our model agrees with the fact that the Universe is in the epoch of accelerated expansion. The EOS parameter $ω_{eff}$, total energy density $Ω_{tt}$ are also evaluated at the fixed points for each of the three cases and these values are in agreement with the observational values in [1].
description: 43 pages, 20 figures
DIET, OXIDATIVE STRESS STATUS AND INFLAMMATION IN PATIENTS WITH CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE: IN SEARCH FOR A LINK
Creators: name: DI MINNO, ALESSANDRO
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2018

description: BACKGROUND. Previous studies have provided a rationale for understanding the health benefits of Mediterranean Diet (MD) against a variety of chronic diseases. OBJECTIVES AND EVIDENCE ANALYZED. We have used new data from the IMPROVE Study -a multicenter, longitudinal, observational study, carried out in five European countries- and fresh information from the RISMED, a study carried out in our Institution in subjects with a recent history of coronary revascularization to address: 1) the relationship between MD adherence and carotid intima-media thickness (c-IMT) progression; 2) whether such relationship is similar in populations with different nutritional patterns, and 3) whether the relationship between MD, baseline carotid IMT, and clinical events involves changes in inflammation, oxidative stress, and fatty acid [FA] composition. FINDINGS. In the analysis of the IMPROVE Study we have found: 1) a significant negative trend between most of the c-IMT-progression variables and a new relatively simple food frequency questionnaire to evaluate a Mediterranean-like dietary pattern (MLPD) score, validated a priori vs VEs in different European Countries; 2) that the significant association between MLDP adherence and VEs is independent of baseline c-IMT and c-IMT progression, and 3) that MLDP score adherence is associated to changes both in inflammatory markers and white blood cells counts. Information from the RISMED Study documented that: 1) MD adherence significantly affects indices of inflammation and oxidative stress balance; 2) blood FA profile is an index of the quality of food intake which might be used to estimate diet quality and compliance with nutritional advices; 3) it is possible to favorably modify patients? plasma FA profiles by consuming a MD, and 4) a relationship exists between inflammatory markers/oxidative stress status and modifications of the blood FA pattern. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE. MD adherence is key to reduce oxidative stress, inflammation and VEs in subjects at risk of cardiovascular events. Since common approaches that simultaneously target old and new risk factors for cardiovascular disease enhance cardio-protection and longevity, the need for evaluating MD as a strategy for a better health at older ages should be explored thoroughly.
Effect of calcium stoichiometry on the dielectric response of CaCu3Ti4O12 Ceramics
Creators: name: Thomas, P.
name: Dwarakanath, K.
name: Varma, K. B. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CaxCu3Ti4O12 polycrystalline powders with variation in calcium content were prepared via the oxalate precursor route. The structural, morphological and dielectric properties of the ceramics fabricated using these powders were studied using x ray diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscope along with Energy Dispersive X ray Analysis, Transmission Electron Microscopy, Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) spectroscopy and Impedance analyzer. The X ray diffraction patterns obtained for the x = 0.97, 1.0 and 1.1 powdered ceramics could be indexed to a body centered cubic perovskite related structure associated with the space group Im3. The ESR studies confirmed the absence of oxygen vacancies in the ceramics that were prepared using the oxalate precursor route. The dielectric properties of these suggest that the calcium deficient sample (x= 0.97) has a reduced dielectric loss while retaining the high dielectric constant which is of significant industrial relevance.
title: Vladimir Milojčić, Chronologie der jüngeren Steinzeit Mittel- und Südeuropas
Creators: name: Garašanin, Milutin V.
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2016

description: Rezension zu: Vladimir Milojčić, Chronologie der jüngeren Steinzeit Mittel- und Südeuropas. Deutsches Archäologisches Institut, Verlag Gebr. Mann, Berlin 1949, 136 Seiten, Tafeln, 2 Beilagen, mit vielen chronologischen Tafeln im Text. Eine chronologische Falttafel am Ende des Werkes.
Transient Shear Banding in Time-dependent Fluids
Creators: name: Illa, Xavier
name: Puisto, Antti
name: Lehtinen, Arttu
name: Mohtaschemi, Mikael
name: Alava, Mikko J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of shear-band formation and evolution using a simple rheological model. The description couples the local structure and viscosity to the applied shear stress. We consider in detail the Couette geometry, where the model is solved iteratively with the Navier-Stokes equation to obtain the time-evolution of the local velocity and viscosity fields. It is found that the underlying reason for dynamic effects is the non-homogeneous shear distribution, which is amplified due to a positive feedback between the flow field and the viscosity response of the shear thinning fluid. This offers a simple explanation for the recent observations of Transient Shear Banding in time-dependent fluids. Extensions to more complicated rheological systems are considered.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
title: Theodor Kraus, Die Ranken der Ara Pacis. Ein Beitrag zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der augusteischen Ornamentik
Creators: name: Parlasca, Klaus
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2016

description: Rezension zu: Theodor Kraus, Die Ranken der Ara Pacis. Ein Beitrag zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der augusteischen Ornamentik. Herausgegeben vom Deutschen Archäologischen Institut. Verlag Gebr. Mann, Berlin, 1953. 89 S. 24 Taf. 8°.
In Time and Space: Towards Usable Adaptive Control for Assistive Robotic Arms
Creators: name: Pascher, Max
name: Kronhardt, Kirill
name: Goldau, Felix Ferdinand
name: Frese, Udo
name: Gerken, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Robotic solutions, in particular robotic arms, are becoming more frequently deployed for close collaboration with humans, for example in manufacturing or domestic care environments. These robotic arms require the user to control several Degrees-of-Freedom (DoFs) to perform tasks, primarily involving grasping and manipulating objects. Standard input devices predominantly have two DoFs, requiring time-consuming and cognitively demanding mode switches to select individual DoFs. Contemporary Adaptive DoF Mapping Controls (ADMCs) have shown to decrease the necessary number of mode switches but were up to now not able to significantly reduce the perceived workload. Users still bear the mental workload of incorporating abstract mode switching into their workflow. We address this by providing feed-forward multimodal feedback using updated recommendations of ADMC, allowing users to visually compare the current and the suggested mapping in real-time. We contrast the effectiveness of two new approaches that a) continuously recommend updated DoF combinations or b) use discrete thresholds between current robot movements and new recommendations. Both are compared in a Virtual Reality (VR) in-person study against a classic control method. Significant results for lowered task completion time, fewer mode switches, and reduced perceived workload conclusively establish that in combination with feedforward, ADMC methods can indeed outperform classic mode switching. A lack of apparent quantitative differences between Continuous and Threshold reveals the importance of user-centered customization options. Including these implications in the development process will improve usability, which is essential for successfully implementing robotic technologies with high user acceptance.
description: RO-MAN'23: 32nd IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication, Busan, Korea
Additional file 8 of In-silico assessment of high-risk non-synonymous SNPs in ADAMTS3 gene associated with Hennekam syndrome and their impact on protein stability and function
Creators: name: Shinwari, Khyber
name: Wu, Yurong
name: Rehman, Hafiz Muzzammel
name: Xiao, Ningkun
name: Bolkov, Mikhail
name: Tuzankina, Irina
name: Chereshnev, Valery
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 8: File S8. Changes in 3D protein structures and amino acid structures of important mutations.
title: Jean-Jacques Hatt, Strasbourg au temps des Romains
Creators: name: Klumbach, Heinz
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2016

description: Rezension zu: Jean-Jacques Hatt, Strasbourg au temps des Romains. Strasbourg und Paris 1953. 82 Seiten, 3 Pläne im Text, 32 Tafeln.
Enhancing entanglement with the generalized elephant quantum walk from localized and delocalized states
Creators: name: Naves, Caio B.
name: Pires, Marcelo A.
name: Soares-Pinto, Diogo O.
name: Queirós, Sílvio M. Duarte
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, it was introduced a generalization of a nonstandard step operator named the elephant quantum walk (EQW). With proper statistical distribution for the steps, that generalized EQW (gEQW) can be tuned to exhibit a myriad of dynamical scaling behavior ranging from standard diffusion to %and superdiffusion to ballistic and hyperballistic spreading. In this work, we study the influence of the statistics of the step size and the delocalization of the initial states on the entanglement entropy of the coin. Our results show that the gEQW generates maximally entangled states for almost all initial coin states and coin operators considering initially localized walkers and for the delocalized ones, taking the proper limit, the same condition is guaranteed. Differently from all the previous protocols that produce highly entangled states via QWs, this model is not upper-bounded by ballistic spreading and hence opens novel prospects for applications of dynamically disordered QWs as a robust maximal entanglement generator in programmable setups that ranges from slower-than-ballistic to faster-than ballistic.
description: 14 pages, 14 figures, typos corrected, figure font size increased, new results subsection included for clarification
GLI STATI UNITI E LA DESTRA ITALIANA NEGLI ANNI CINQUANTA
Creators: name: ROBBE, FEDERICO
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2010

description: The context of the Fifties is essential to focus on the construction of democracy in Italy and the process of legitimation of the right, which takes place in those years. The relationship with the United States is central to understand the delicate balance between democracy, anti-communism and anti-fascism. Among the issues raised, three are the main ones. First of all, we cannot consider the United States and right as monolithic blocks. Inside there are a number of differences in cultural background and political strategy in the fight against communism. In particular, there have been conflicts between Embassy and State Department: Clare Boothe Luce was very critical of the DC and, while agreeing with the criticism of the Right, never gave any support to MSI, PNM and other movements on the right. The anti-communism, therefore, has never prevailed over the anti-fascism. Likewise, the political right was very different from the "impolitical", deeply rooted in society and nostalgic of the past regime. The second point is the substantial mutual misunderstanding between Americans and the Right. The idea that the Embassy had, in addition to non-democratic nature of MSI, was that you could create a democratic right from the monarchists. The project, however, was rejected because Covelli and Lauro feared losing their electorate. They confirmed, in this way, the choice of non-democratic. On the other hand, the monarchists, neo-fascists, the cultural right (Montanelli, for example) and some rightist businessmen had a wrong idea about U.S. According to them, anti-communism had to prevail over democracy, but the various extremist proposals were consistently declined. In the background - third and last point - there is a country considered structurally undemocratic. Underlying this belief is certainly the weight of the fascist period, that still had a certain importance in the Fifties. But there are also many rather deep-seated prejudices about Italy and the "Latin countries" in general.
Bragança, Joaquim O., Ritual de Santa Cruz de Coimbra. Distr.ª Grafica de Coimbra. Vol. de 94 ps. 165x235. Lisboa. 1976
Creators: name: Correia, Francisco Carvalho
Publisher: name: Theologica
Year: 1977

description: Theologica, v. 12 n. 1-4 (1977)
Discovery of Lyman Break Galaxies at z~7 from the ZFOURGE Survey
Creators: name: Tilvi, V.
name: Papovich, C.
name: Tran, K. -V. H.
name: Labbe, I.
name: Spitler, L. R.
name: Straatman, C. M. S.
name: Persson, S. E.
name: Monson, A.
name: Glazebrook, K.
name: Quadri, R. F.
name: van Dokkum, P.
name: Ashby, M. L. N.
name: Faber, S. M.
name: Fazio, G. G.
name: Finkelstein, S. L.
name: Ferguson, H. C.
name: Grogin, N. A.
name: Kacprzak, G. G.
name: Kelson, D. D.
name: Koekemoer, A. M.
name: Murphy, D.
name: McCarthy, P. J.
name: Newman, J. A.
name: Salmon, B.
name: Willner, S. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Star-forming galaxies at redshifts z>6 are likely responsible for the reionization of the universe, and it is important to study the nature of these galaxies. We present three candidates for z~7 Lyman-break galaxies (LBGs) from a 155 arcmin^2 area in the CANDELS/COSMOS field imaged by the deep FourStar Galaxy Evolution (zFourGE) survey. The FourStar medium-band filters provide the equivalent of R~10 spectroscopy, which cleanly distinguishes between z~7 LBGs and brown dwarf stars. The distinction between stars and galaxies based on an object's angular size can become unreliable even when using HST imaging; there exists at least one very compact z~7 candidate (FWHM~0.5-1 kpc) that is indistinguishable from a point source. The medium-band filters provide narrower redshift distributions compared with broad-band-derived redshifts. The UV luminosity function derived using the three z~7 candidates is consistent with previous studies, suggesting an evolution at the bright end (MUV -21.6 mag) from z~7 to z~5. Fitting the galaxies' spectral energy distributions, we predict Lyman-alpha equivalent widths for the two brightest LBGs, and find that the presence of a Lyman-alpha line affects the medium-band flux thereby changing the constraints on stellar masses and UV spectral slopes. This illustrates the limitations of deriving LBG properties using only broad-band photometry. The derived specific star-formation rates for the bright LBGs are ~13 per Gyr, slightly higher than the lower-luminosity LBGs, implying that the star-formation rate increases with stellar mass for these galaxies.
description: Accepted in ApJ
Adaptive Mean-Residue Loss for Robust Facial Age Estimation
Creators: name: Zhao, Ziyuan
name: Qian, Peisheng
name: Hou, Yubo
name: Zeng, Zeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Automated facial age estimation has diverse real-world applications in multimedia analysis, e.g., video surveillance, and human-computer interaction. However, due to the randomness and ambiguity of the aging process, age assessment is challenging. Most research work over the topic regards the task as one of age regression, classification, and ranking problems, and cannot well leverage age distribution in representing labels with age ambiguity. In this work, we propose a simple yet effective loss function for robust facial age estimation via distribution learning, i.e., adaptive mean-residue loss, in which, the mean loss penalizes the difference between the estimated age distribution's mean and the ground-truth age, whereas the residue loss penalizes the entropy of age probability out of dynamic top-K in the distribution. Experimental results in the datasets FG-NET and CLAP2016 have validated the effectiveness of the proposed loss. Our code is available at https://github.com/jacobzhaoziyuan/AMR-Loss.
description: Accepted by IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME 2022)
Westermann, C., L'Ancien Testament et Jésus Christ. Ed. du Cerf. Vol. de 90 ps. 135x185. Paris. 1972
Creators: name: Faria, Adão Salgado Vaz De
Publisher: name: Theologica
Year: 1977

description: Theologica, v. 12 n. 1-4 (1977)
Chaos in a tunneling universe
Creators: name: Bojowald, Martin
name: Gluckman, Ari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recent quasiclassical description of a tunneling universe model is shown to exhibit chaotic dynamics by an analysis of fractal dimensions in the plane of initial values. This result relies on non-adiabatic features of the quantum dynamics, captured by new quasiclassical methods. Chaotic dynamics in the early universe, described by such models, implies that a larger set of initial values of any large expanding branch can be probed.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures
Local spectroscopic evidence for a nodeless magnetic kagome superconductor CeRu$_2$
Creators: name: Mielke, C.
name: Liu, H.
name: Das, D.
name: Yin, J. -X.
name: Deng, L. Z.
name: Spring, J.
name: Gupta, R.
name: Medarde, M.
name: Chu, C. -W.
name: Khasanov, R.
name: Hasan, Z. M.
name: Shi, Y.
name: Luetkens, H.
name: Guguchia, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report muon spin rotation ($μ$SR) experiments on the microscopic properties of superconductivity and magnetism in the kagome superconductor CeRu$_{2}$ with $T_{\rm c}$~${\simeq}$~5~K. From the measurements of the temperature-dependent magnetic penetration depth $λ$, the superconducting order parameter exhibits nodeless pairing, which fits best to an anisotropic $s$-wave gap symmetry. We further show that the $T_{\rm c}$/$λ^{-2}$ ratio is comparable to that of unconventional superconductors. Furthermore, the powerful combination of zero-field (ZF)-$μ$SR and high-field $μ$SR has been used to uncover magnetic responses across three characteristic temperatures, identified as $T_1^*$~${\simeq}$~110~K, $T_2^*$~${\simeq}$~65~K, and $T_3^*$~${\simeq}$~40~K. Our experiments classify CeRu$_{2}$ as an exceedingly rare nodeless magnetic kagome superconductor.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2012.15654
Formulation Graphs for Mapping Structure-Composition of Battery Electrolytes to Device Performance
Creators: name: Sharma, Vidushi
name: Giammona, Maxwell
name: Zubarev, Dmitry
name: Tek, Andy
name: Nugyuen, Khanh
name: Sundberg, Linda
name: Congiu, Daniele
name: La, Young-Hye
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Advanced computational methods are being actively sought for addressing the challenges associated with discovery and development of new combinatorial material such as formulations. A widely adopted approach involves domain informed high-throughput screening of individual components that can be combined into a formulation. This manages to accelerate the discovery of new compounds for a target application but still leave the process of identifying the right 'formulation' from the shortlisted chemical space largely a laboratory experiment-driven process. We report a deep learning model, Formulation Graph Convolution Network (F-GCN), that can map structure-composition relationship of the individual components to the property of liquid formulation as whole. Multiple GCNs are assembled in parallel that featurize formulation constituents domain-intuitively on the fly. The resulting molecular descriptors are scaled based on respective constituent's molar percentage in the formulation, followed by formalizing into a combined descriptor that represents a complete formulation to an external learning architecture. The use case of proposed formulation learning model is demonstrated for battery electrolytes by training and testing it on two exemplary datasets representing electrolyte formulations vs battery performance -- one dataset is sourced from literature about Li/Cu half-cells, while the other is obtained by lab-experiments related to lithium-iodide full-cell chemistry. The model is shown to predict the performance metrics like Coulombic Efficiency (CE) and specific capacity of new electrolyte formulations with lowest reported errors. The best performing F-GCN model uses molecular descriptors derived from molecular graphs that are informed with HOMO-LUMO and electric moment properties of the molecules using a knowledge transfer technique.
description: 35 pages, 10 figures
Cluster Structures with Machine Learning Support in Neutron Star M-R relations
Creators: name: Lobato, R. V.
name: Chimanski, E. V.
name: Bertulani, C. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutron stars (NS) are compact objects with strong gravitational fields, and a matter composition subject to extreme physical conditions. The properties of strongly interacting matter at ultra-high densities and temperatures impose a big challenge to our understanding and modelling tools. Some difficulties are critical, since one cannot reproduce such conditions in our laboratories or assess them purely from astronomical observations. The information we have about neutron star interiors are often extracted indirectly, e.g., from the star mass-radius relation. The mass and radius are global quantities and still have a significant uncertainty, which leads to great variability in studying the micro-physics of the neutron star interior. This leaves open many questions in nuclear astrophysics and the suitable equation of state (EoS) of NS. Recently, new observations appear to constrain the mass-radius and consequently has helped to close some open questions. In this work, utilizing modern machine learning techniques, we analyze the NS mass-radius (M-R) relationship for a set of EoS containing a variety of physical models. Our objective is to determine patterns through the M-R data analysis and develop tools to understand the EoS of neutron stars in forthcoming works.
description: Contribution to the XLIV Brazilian Workshop on Nuclear Physics, Brazil
Sasakian quiver gauge theories and instantons on the conifold
Creators: name: Geipel, Jakob C.
name: Lechtenfeld, Olaf
name: Popov, Alexander D.
name: Szabo, Richard J.
Publisher: name: Amsterdam : Elsevier Science Bv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: dimensional reduction
subject: vector-bundles
subject: classification
subject: transitions
subject: equations
subject: vortices
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: We consider Spin(4)-equivariant dimensional reduction of Yang Mills theory on manifolds of the form M-d x T-1,T-1, where M-d is a smooth manifold and T-1,T-1 is a five-dimensional Sasaki Einstein manifold Spin(4)/U(1). We obtain new quiver gauge theories on M-d extending those induced via reduction over the leaf spaces CP1 x CP1 in T-1,T-1. We describe the Higgs branches of these quiver gauge theories as moduli spaces of Spin(4)-equivariant instantons on the conifold which is realized as the metric cone over T-1,T-1. We give an explicit construction of these moduli spaces as Kahler quotients. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
Photometric redshift-aided classification using ensemble learning
Creators: name: Cunha, P. A. C.
name: Humphrey, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present SHEEP, a new machine learning approach to the classic problem of astronomical source classification, which combines the outputs from the XGBoost, LightGBM, and CatBoost learning algorithms to create stronger classifiers. A novel step in our pipeline is that prior to performing the classification, SHEEP first estimates photometric redshifts, which are then placed into the data set as an additional feature for classification model training; this results in significant improvements in the subsequent classification performance. SHEEP contains two distinct classification methodologies: (i) Multi-class and (ii) one versus all with correction by a meta-learner. We demonstrate the performance of SHEEP for the classification of stars, galaxies, and quasars using a data set composed of SDSS and WISE photometry of 3.5 million astronomical sources. The resulting F1-scores are as follows: 0.992 for galaxies; 0.967 for quasars; and 0.985 for stars. In terms of the F1-scores for the three classes, SHEEP is found to outperform a recent RandomForest-based classification approach using an essentially identical data set. Our methodology also facilitates model and data set explainability via feature importances; it also allows the selection of sources whose uncertain classifications may make them interesting sources for follow-up observations.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A; 10 pages, 8 figures, 6 tables
Additional file 1 of The feasibility of a randomized controlled crossover trial to assess the effect of probiotic and prebiotic supplementation on the health of elite wheelchair athletes
Creators: name: Hertig-Godeschalk, Anneke
name: Glisic, Marija
name: Ruettimann, Belinda
name: Valido, Ezra
name: Capossela, Simona
name: Stoyanov, Jivko
name: Flueck, Joelle L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 1. CONSORT checklist.
A first-principles study of superconductivity on RbH by doping without applied pressure
Creators: name: Villa-Cortés, S.
name: Olea-Amezcua, M. A.
name: De la Peña-Seaman, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structural, electronic, lattice dynamics, electron-phonon coupling, and superconducting properties of the alkali-metal hydride RbH, metalized through electron-doping by the construction of the solid-solution Rb$_{1-x}$Sr$_x$H, are systematically analyzed as a function of Sr-content within the framework of density functional perturbation and Migdal-Eliashberg theories, taking into account the effect of zero-point energy contribution by the quasi-harmonic approximation. For the entire studied range of Sr-content, steady increments of the electron-phonon coupling constant and the superconducting critical temperature are found with progressive alkaline-earth metal content through electron-doping, reaching the values of $λ=1.92$ and $T_c=51.3(66.1)$~K with $μ^*$=0.1(0). The steady rise of such quantities as a function of Sr-content is consequence of the metallization of the hydride as an increase of density of states at the Fermi level is observed, as well as the softening of the phonon spectrum, mainly coming from H-optical modes. Our results indicate that electron-doping on metal-hydrides is an encouraging alternative to look for superconductivity without applied pressure.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
title: The armrest of a Carolingian throne from Mainz. A revision of the interpretation of the disputed stone slab with tendril ornaments from the Stadionerhofstraße
Creators: name: Schulze-Dörrlamm,
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2016

description: Das Fragment einer mit Rankenreliefs verzierten Kalksteinplatte, die 1911 in der Mainzer Stadionerhofstraße zutage gekommen war, galt bisher als Seitenlehne eines Thrones. Kürzlich wurde sie von E. Tóth als Überrest einer rechteckigen,
»pannonischen« Tischplatte des 2./3. Jahrhunderts gedeutet, für die eine Breitseite mit kleinem, halb- oder dreiviertelkreisförmigem Segment sowie eine grob behauene, rückwärtige Breitseite typisch waren. Von ihnen unterscheidet sich
die Mainzer Platte aber nicht nur durch die außergewöhnliche Größe ihres Segments, dessen Innenkante zudem als Einzige mit Reliefs verziert ist, sondern auch durch eine völlig glatte Kante, die als Standfl äche diente. Es kann sich daher nur um die viertelkreisförmig gekehlte Seitenlehne eines Thrones handeln, die durch ihre Form sowie die Spiralrankenreliefs auf ihren Oberkanten in die Karolingerzeit (Mitte bis 2. Hälfte des 8. Jhs.) datiert wird. Als Teil eines steinernen, also ortsfesten Herrscherthrones, der dem Aachener Kaiserthron in Form und Machart gleicht, ist sie ein archäologisches Indiz dafür, dass in Mainz eine Pfalz Karls des Großen gestanden haben dürfte.
description: The fragment of a limestone slab with tendril reliefs discovered in 1911 in the Stadionerhofstraße of Mainz was hitherto considered the armrest of a throne. E. Tóth recently interpreted it as the remains of an oblong »Pannonian« table top
of the 2nd/3rd century characterised by a short end with a segment in the shape of a small half or three quarters circle and a roughly hewn back side. However, the Mainz slab does not only differ in the unusual size of the segment and the unique relief decoration on its inner edge, but also in a perfectly smooth edge which served as stand/fl oor space. It therefore must rather be the armrest of a throne with a quadrant segment dating to the Carolingian period due to its shape and the spiral tendril reliefs on its upper edge (middle to second half of 8th century). As the part of a stone, and therefore immobile, royal throne resembling the emperor’s throne in Aachen, it is archaeological evidence for the existence of an imperial palace of Charlemagne in Mainz.
Sasakian quiver gauge theories and instantons on cones over lens 5-spaces
Creators: name: Lechtenfeld, Olaf
name: Popov, Alexander D.
name: Sperling, Marcus
name: Szabo, Richard J.
Publisher: name: Amsterdam : Elsevier Science Bv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Conformal Field-Theories
subject: Yang-Mills Connections
subject: Stable Vector-Bundles
subject: Einstein Manifolds
subject: Dimensions
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: We consider SU(3)-equivariant dimensional reduction of Yang Mills theory over certain cyclic orbifolds of the 5-sphere which are Sasaki-Einstein manifolds. We obtain new quiver gauge theories extending those induced via reduction over the leaf spaces of the characteristic foliation of the Sasaki-Einstein structure, which are projective planes. We describe the Higgs branches of these quiver gauge theories as moduli spaces of spherically symmetric instantons which are SU(3)-equivariant solutions to the Hermitian Yang-Mills equations on the associated Calabi-Yau cones, and further compare them to moduli spaces of translationally-invariant instantons on the cones. We provide an explicit unified construction of these moduli spaces as Kahler quotients and show that they have the same cyclic orbifold singularities as the cones over the lens 5-spaces.
Hairy Kiselev Black Hole Solutions
Creators: name: Heydarzade, Yaghoub
name: Misyura, Maxim
name: Vertogradov, Vitalii
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the realm of astrophysics, black holes exist within nonvacuum cosmological backgrounds, making it crucial to investigate how these backgrounds influence the properties of black holes. In this work, we first introduce a novel static spherically-symmetric exact solution of Einstein field equations representing a surrounded hairy black hole. This solution represents a generalization of the hairy Schwarzschild solution recently derived using the extended gravitational decoupling method. Then, we discuss how the new induced modification terms attributed to the primary hairs and various background fields affect the geodesic motion in comparison to the conventional Schwarzschild case. Although these modifications may appear insignificant in most cases, we identify specific conditions where they can be comparable to the Schwarzschild case for some particular background fields.
description: 25 pages, 9 figures
Rosa obtusifolia Desv.
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: R. obtusifolia Desv. (R. tomentella Leman) Cat. 96. Bis 1690 m. Var. obtusifolia (Desv.) R. Keller (R. tom. var. lasiocladaChrist) - l: St-Gingolph (Briquet); Les Marecottes (Coquoz); Planajeur (idem). -2: Fully (Garns); ob Ayent (Besse, P.); Gegend von Lens,Chermignon,Montanaund Randogne (Besse); Lötschental (W. Würz, Schaefer). - 3: Ob Saxon (Chenevard); Econe (Besse); Riddes (idem); unter Iserables (idem); Vex (Favrat); Törbel (Stehler); Stalden-Kalpetran (Christ). - 3a: Simplon-Dorf gegen die Bleike (Bernoulli). Denkschriften d. Schweiz. Naturf. Ges. Bd. LXXXI. A. Becherer: Florae Yallesiacae Supplementum. 17 Forma vallesiaca R.Keller et Gams - l: Haut d'Arbignon,1690m (Gams) Fischeri(Christ) R. Keller - 3:Grächen (E.Fischer). (Nach Boulenger Lit.1931,S.60,gehört Var. diese Rose zu R.coriifolia var. Watsonii.) tomentelIa(Leman)R.Keller (R.tom. var.typica Christ) - l:Planajeur bei Salvan(Coquoz). Var. Tal der Sionne(Wolf);Lens(Besse); Montana (idem).- 3:Econe(Besse);Val d'Heremence -^2: de Riedmatten);St-Luc (Bernoulli); ob Zinal(idem); Zeneggen (Stehler); Kalpetran (Chene- (E. Herbriggen (Courvoisier). - 4: Ausserbinn und Binneggen (Bernoulli); Binn-ImfeTd vard); (Binz). Forna sinuatidens (Christ) - l:Ob Les Marecottes (Coquoz). - 3:La Tetaz zwischen Martigny und Charrat(F.); Riddes (Besse); Randa(Frau H.Lang).- 4:Grengiols (Besse). Forma canescens (Christ) - 3:Medieres-Verbier (Marietan); Törbel(Stehler). (Lagger et Puget) - l:Val d'Illiez (Marietan); Les Gietes bei St-Maurice (idem). - Forma concinna 2:Lötschental oberhalb Blatten (Schaefer). - 3:Val de Bagnes (Marietan); Törbel (Stebler)'. Var.Friedlaenderiana (Besser) R.Keller - 3:«Gr.St.Bernhard» (Vaccari;ob Schweiz?)". Var.hispidior R.Keller- 3:Medieres-Verbier (Marietan);Törbel(Stebler). Var. Borreri(Woods) R. Keller f.similata(Puget)R.Keller - 3:Bovernier'(Cottet). (Rau) R.Keller - l:Val d'Illiez (Marietan); Les Gietes bei St-Maurice (idem). - 3: Var.affinis Medieres Verbier, gegen var. hispidior (Marietan); Mayens-de-Sion (Wolf); Törbel '(Stebler). Nicht in der «Synopsis» (1931) von R. KELLER aufgeführte Varietäten: Var.laciniosa (Christ) - 3:Ob Lourtier (Val de Bagnes) (Marietan). stenosepala (Christ) -l:Ob Salvan;Les Marecottes; Planajeur; Finhaut (alles: Coquoz). Var. Var.ferretiana (Christ) - 3:Praz-de-Fort (Mme M.Rambert-Piccard);Val de Bagnes (Marietan). Var.discosa (Christ) - 3: Törbel (Stehler).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
The Dynamics of Platinum Precipitation in an Ion Exchange Membrane
Creators: name: Burlatsky, S. F.
name: Gummalla, M.
name: Atrazhev, V. V.
name: Dmitriev, D. V.
name: Kuzminyh, N. Y.
name: Erikhman, N. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Microscopy of polymer electrolyte membranes that have undergone operation under fuel cell conditions, have revealed a well defined band of platinum in the membrane. Here, we propose a physics based model that captures the mechanism of platinum precipitation in the polymer electrolyte membrane. While platinum is observed throughout the membrane, the preferential growth of platinum at the band of platinum is dependent on the electrochemical potential distribution in the membrane. In this paper, the location of the platinum band is calculated as a function of the gas concentration at the cathode and anode, gas diffusion coefficients and solubility constants of the gases in the membrane, which are functions of relative humidity. Under H2/N2 conditions the platinum band is located near the cathode-membrane interface, as the oxygen concentration in the cathode gas stream increases and/or the hydrogen concentration in the anode gas stream decreases, the band moves towards the anode. The model developed in this paper agrees with the set of experimental data on the platinum band location and the platinum particle distribution and size.
Motion Correction via Locally Linear Embedding for Helical Photon-counting CT
Creators: name: Li, Mengzhou
name: Lowe, Chiara
name: Butler, Anthony
name: Butler, Phil
name: Wang, Ge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: X-ray photon-counting detector (PCD) offers low noise, high resolution, and spectral characterization, representing a next generation of CT and enabling new biomedical applications. It is well known that involuntary patient motion may induce image artifacts with conventional CT scanning, and this problem becomes more serious with PCD due to its high detector pitch and extended scan time. Furthermore, PCD often comes with a substantial number of bad pixels, making analytic image reconstruction challenging and ruling out state-of-the-art motion correction methods that are based on analytical reconstruction. In this paper, we extend our previous locally linear embedding (LLE) cone-beam motion correction method to the helical scanning geometry, which is especially desirable given the high cost of large-area PCD. In addition to our adaption of LLE-based parametric searching to helical cone-beam photon-counting CT geometry, we introduce an unreliable-volume mask to improve the motion estimation accuracy and perform incremental updating on gradually refined sampling grids for optimization of both accuracy and efficiency. Our numerical results demonstrate that our method reduces the estimation errors near the two longitudinal ends of the reconstructed volume and overall image quality. The experimental results on clinical photon-counting scans of the patient extremities show significant resolution improvement after motion correction using our method, which reveals subtle fine structures previously hidden under motion blurring and artifacts.
Efficient CHAD
Creators: name: Smeding, Tom
name: Vákár, Matthijs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We show how the basic Combinatory Homomorphic Automatic Differentiation (CHAD) algorithm can be optimised, using well-known methods, to yield a simple, composable, and generally applicable reverse-mode automatic differentiation (AD) technique that has the correct computational complexity that we would expect of reverse-mode AD. Specifically, we show that the standard optimisations of sparse vectors and state-passing style code (as well as defunctionalisation/closure conversion, for higher-order languages) give us a purely functional algorithm that is most of the way to the correct complexity, with (functional) mutable updates taking care of the final log-factors. We provide an Agda formalisation of our complexity proof. Finally, we discuss how the techniques apply to differentiating parallel functional array programs: the key observations are 1) that all required mutability is (commutative, associative) accumulation, which lets us preserve task-parallelism and 2) that we can write down data-parallel derivatives for most data-parallel array primitives.
Licht- und elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen an Larvalstadien einheimischer Unionacea (Bivalvia; Eulamellibranchiata)
Creators: name: Scharsack, Gisela
Publisher: name: Hannover : Universität
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Flussperlmuschel
subject: Glochidium
subject: Larvalentwicklung
subject: Unionacea
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::590 | Tiere (Zoologie)

description: [no abstract]
Basevi, Claudio, San Agustin. La interpretación del Nuevo Testamento. Ed. EUNSA. 1 vol. de 380 ps. 155x245. Pamplona. 1977
Creators: name: Marques, José A.
Publisher: name: Theologica
Year: 1977

description: Theologica, v. 12 n. 1-4 (1977)
Polar Charge Fluctuation and Superconductivity in Organic Conductor
Creators: name: Sekine, Akihiko
name: Nasu, Joji
name: Ishihara, Sumio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconductivity and polar charge fluctuation are studied in an organic conductor with the dimer-molecule degree of freedom. The extended Hubbard models, where the intra-dimer electronic structure and the inter-dimer Coulomb interactions are taken into account, are analyzed by the random-phase approximation and the fluctuation-exchange approximation. Superconductivity appears in a vicinity of the charge-density wave (CDW) phase where the electronic charge distributions are polarized inside of dimers. The extended s-wave type paring is favored and its competitive relations with the superconductivity due to the spin fluctuation depends on the triangular lattice geometry. Comparison between two superconductivities realized near the polar and non-polar CDW phases are also presented.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures