cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Two simple models of classical heat pumps
Creators: name: Marathe, Rahul
name: Jayannavar, A. M.
name: Dhar, Abhishek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent studies on models of particle and heat quantum pumps, we study similar simple classical models and examine the possibility of heat pumping. Unlike many of the usual ratchet models of molecular engines, the models we study do not have particle transport. We consider a two-spin system and a coupled oscillator system which exchange heat with multiple heat reservoirs and which are acted upon by periodic forces. The simplicity of our models allows accurate numerical and exact solutions and unambiguous interpretation of results. We demonstrate that while both our models seem to be built on similar principles, one is able to function as a heat pump (or engine) while the other is not.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Physiology of the mesopontine cholinergic/nitric oxide system : mechanisms of behavioral state control
Creators: name: Williams, Julie Ann
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Historically, research on questions which address the neurobiological mechanisms of behavioral state control has focused upon identifying neuronal candidates for the ascending reticular activating system. Several lines of evidence now suggest that mesopontine cholinergic neurons indeed play a key role in EEG desynchronized states as well as in the triggering of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Using in vitro patch clamp and in vivo microdialysis techniques combined with histochemical and immunocytochemical staining, some of the intrinsic biophysical, pharmacological, and behavioral properties of mesopontine cholinergic/nitrergic neurons were characterized. Several lines of evidence had suggested that inhibition of brainstem cholinergic neurons by noradrenergic neurons of the locus ceruleus is a key mechanism of behavioral state control; however, this effect had never been directly demonstrated. The whole-cell patch clamp technique was used to investigate the effects of noradrenaline (NA) on mesopontine cholinergic neurons in vitro. The majority of identified cholinergic neurons hyperpolarized in response to NA, an effect mediated by an α₂receptor via activation of an outward potassium current. In addition, cholinergic neurons expressed intrinsic ionic currents which predisposed them to burst-firing activity, a feature which may underly PGO activity. To test the hypothesis that these cells would be selectively active during REM sleep, in vivo microdialysis was used to monitor acetylcholine (ACh) release across behavioral state in the rat thalamus, a major projection site of mesopontine cholinergic neurons. ACh was released at equal rates during wake and REM sleep, and significantly less during slow-wave sleep (SWS). Retrograde tracing combined with ChAT immunohistochemistry verified that the majority of cholinergic projections in the vicinity of the dialysis probe originated in the mesopontine tegmentum. Finally, a feature of mesopontine cholinergic neurons which has been addressed to a limited extent is the role of nitric oxide (NO) synthase, which is known to co-localize in these cells. Using the hemoglobin-trapping technique coupled with in vivo microdialysis, NO production in the thalamus was measured across the sleep-wake cycle. NO concentrations were high during wake and REM sleep as compared to SWS. Taken together, these data provide a broad profile of some of the properties of the mesopontine cholinergic/nitric oxide system.
Statistical inference on lattices
Creators: name: Pickard, David Kenneth
Publisher: name: Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Lattice theory
subject: Mathematical statistics
subject: Probabilities

description: In many scientific disciplines, there is frequently a need to describe purely spatial interactions among objects located at the sites of a lattice. Of particular interest are the equilibrium states of physical and biological phenomena occurring simultaneously at sites in more than one dimension (e.g. ferromagnetism, crystal formation, patterns of infection). Markov random fields form a wide class of intu.-itively appealing models for spatial interaction. Binary ones have been studied extensively in statistical mechanics where they are known as Ising models. In the biological and ecological context, it is the fitting of data and analysis of given patterns which is most relevant. Statistical inference for Markov random fields is a relatively new field. In particular, Ising models are notoriously difficult to analyse and the absence of constructive characterizations has rendered Monte Carlo simulation an ineffective tool for comparing various statistical techniques. This thesis provides a basis for asymptotic maximum likelihood inference for binary Markov random fields. The general method is illustrated by the detailed analysis of the classical Ising lattice with nearest neighbour interactions. However, the resulting limit theorems for this model are of considerable interest in their own right. Some rather surprising technical problems arise in connection with the application of the limit theorems. A solution is presented. Also, a class of relatively tractable Ising models, which admit constructive characterizations and direct simulation, is introduced in this thesis. The properties of these models are explored. In particular, they generally have a geometric correlation structure and contain embedded Markov chains. Moreover, they can further be used in simulation studies to compare the relative effectiveness of various methods of spatial analysis. Finally, although all the results are for binary models, the tools are useful in much wider generality. They apply, for example, to Gaussian Markov random fields as well.
Anti-Dengue infectivity evaluation of bioflavonoid from Azadirachta indica by dengue virus serine protease inhibition
Creators: name: Dwivedi, Vivek Dhar
name: Bharadwaj, Shiv
name: Sumbul Afroz
name: Nooruddin Khan
name: Mairaj Ahmed Ansari
name: Yadava, Umesh
name: Tripathi, Ramesh Chandra
name: Tripathi, Indra Prasad
name: Sarad Kumar Mishra
name: Kang, Sang Gu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Dengue virus (DENV) serine protease enzyme, i.e. NS2B-NS3pro (non-structural protein 2B-non-structural protein 3) has been approved as prime drug target for the drug discovery against dengue infection, because of its essential role in viral replication. This study demonstrates the potential of bioflavonoids from Azadirachta indica against dengue infection using computational and experimental approach. Initially, 49 bioflavonoids reported in Azadirachta indica were collected and virtually screened on the catalytic triad of DENV protease, results in the identification of kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside (-9.555 kcal/mol), rutin (-9.324 kcal/mol), hyperoside (-7.879 kcal/mol), and epicatechin (-7.622 kcal/mol) as potent viral protease inhibitors against reference compound quercetin (-6.94 kcal/mol). Subsequently, these docked complexes were analyzed for the stability via molecular dynamics simulations and free binding energy calculations, suggested the considerable stability of selected bioflavonoids with viral protease. Additionally, density functional theory and ADMET (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion and Toxicity) analysis indicated the least chemical reactivity and considerable medicinal properties, respectively for the screened bioflavonoids by comparison to quercetin. Accordingly, kaempferol 3-O-β-rutinoside and epicatechin were evaluated at various concentrations for cell viability (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay) and in vitro antiviral activity (focus forming unit assay) against DENV-2 strain. The antiviral assay showed dose dependent inhibition of DENV-2 infectivity by the selected compounds while maximum 77.7% and 66.2% viral inhibition were recorded for 100 µM kaempferol 3-O-β-rutinoside and 1000 µM epicatechin, respectively without significant cell toxicity. These results suggested the potential of bioflavonoids from Azadirachta indica in the development of effective drug against dengue infection.
Quantum interference and evolution of entanglement in a system of three-level atoms
Creators: name: Derkacz, L.
name: Jakobczyk, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a pair of three-level atoms interacting with the vacuum. The process of disentanglement due to spontaneous emission and the role of quantum interference between principal transitions in this process, are analysed. We show that the presence of interference can slow down disentanglement. In the limit of maximal interference, some part of initial entanglement can survive.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures
The p-Laplace "Signature" for Quasilinear Inverse Problems with Large Boundary Data
Creators: name: Esposito, A. Corbo
name: Faella, L.
name: Piscitelli, G.
name: Prakash, R.
name: Tamburrino, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper is inspired by an imaging problem encountered in the framework of Electrical Resistance Tomography involving two different materials, one or both of which are nonlinear. Tomography with nonlinear materials is in the early stages of developments, although breakthroughs are expected in the not-too-distant future.
 We consider nonlinear constitutive relationships which, at a given point in the space, present a behaviour for large arguments that is described by monomials of order p and q.
 The original contribution this work makes is that the nonlinear problem can be approximated by a weighted p-Laplace problem. From the perspective of tomography, this is a significant result because it highlights the central role played by the $p-$Laplacian in inverse problems with nonlinear materials. Moreover, when p=2, this provides a powerful bridge to bring all the imaging methods and algorithms developed for linear materials into the arena of problems with nonlinear materials.
 The main result of this work is that for "large" Dirichlet data in the presence of two materials of different order (i) one material can be replaced by either a perfect electric conductor or a perfect electric insulator and (ii) the other material can be replaced by a material giving rise to a weighted p-Laplace problem.
Lexical elicitation: voice quality; Mann 1-118
Creators: name: Mukdaphan, Muntra
name: Tonprathum, Sompong
name: Lau-Preechathammarach, Raksit Tyler
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: thm

description: Elicitation of words differing only in voice quality (modal, breathy, creaky) and words from Mann's MSEA Swadesh list 1-118. Consultant Muntra Mukdaphan is an 86-year-old female and is the main consultant in this recording.
Ensemble learning of diffractive optical networks
Creators: name: Rahman, Md Sadman Sakib
name: Li, Jingxi
name: Mengu, Deniz
name: Rivenson, Yair
name: Ozcan, Aydogan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A plethora of research advances have emerged in the fields of optics and photonics that benefit from harnessing the power of machine learning. Specifically, there has been a revival of interest in optical computing hardware, due to its potential advantages for machine learning tasks in terms of parallelization, power efficiency and computation speed. Diffractive Deep Neural Networks (D2NNs) form such an optical computing framework, which benefits from deep learning-based design of successive diffractive layers to all-optically process information as the input light diffracts through these passive layers. D2NNs have demonstrated success in various tasks, including e.g., object classification, spectral-encoding of information, optical pulse shaping and imaging, among others. Here, we significantly improve the inference performance of diffractive optical networks using feature engineering and ensemble learning. After independently training a total of 1252 D2NNs that were diversely engineered with a variety of passive input filters, we applied a pruning algorithm to select an optimized ensemble of D2NNs that collectively improve their image classification accuracy. Through this pruning, we numerically demonstrated that ensembles of N=14 and N=30 D2NNs achieve blind testing accuracies of 61.14% and 62.13%, respectively, on the classification of CIFAR-10 test images, providing an inference improvement of >16% compared to the average performance of the individual D2NNs within each ensemble. These results constitute the highest inference accuracies achieved to date by any diffractive optical neural network design on the same dataset and might provide a significant leapfrog to extend the application space of diffractive optical image classification and machine vision systems.
description: 22 Pages, 4 Figures, 1 Table
NoSENSE: Learned unrolled cardiac MRI reconstruction without explicit sensitivity maps
Creators: name: Zimmermann, Felix Frederik
name: Kofler, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel learned image reconstruction method for accelerated cardiac MRI with multiple receiver coils based on deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and algorithm unrolling. In contrast to many existing learned MR image reconstruction techniques that necessitate coil-sensitivity map (CSM) estimation as a distinct network component, our proposed approach avoids explicit CSM estimation. Instead, it implicitly captures and learns to exploit the inter-coil relationships of the images. Our method consists of a series of novel learned image and k-space blocks with shared latent information and adaptation to the acquisition parameters by feature-wise modulation (FiLM), as well as coil-wise data-consistency (DC) blocks.
 Our method achieved PSNR values of 34.89 and 35.56 and SSIM values of 0.920 and 0.942 in the cine track and mapping track validation leaderboard of the MICCAI STACOM CMRxRecon Challenge, respectively, ranking 4th among different teams at the time of writing.
 Code will be made available at https://github.com/fzimmermann89/CMRxRecon
description: Accepted at MICCAI STACOM 2023
Discovery of small molecule inhibitors of chikungunya virus proteins (nsP2 and E1) using in silico approaches
Creators: name: Naushad Khan
name: Bhat, Ruchika
name: Patel, Ashok K.
name: Ray, Pratima
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) has emerged as a major viral threat, affecting over a million people worldwide per year. It is a vector borne disease transmitted to the human by Ades mosquitoes and primarily affect people by causing viral fever, severe joint pain and other symptoms, like rash, joint swelling, muscle pain and in rare cases can be fatal. CHIKV is a deadly virus, with its mutation rate found to be significantly higher as compared to other viruses. To date, there has been no reported FDA approved drug against this virus. Thus, keeping in mind the urgent need to scrutinize potential therapies against CHIKV, the present study identified twenty plant bioactive compounds that are available at low price and do not have associated adverse effect. For identification of active potentials molecules the pharmacoinformatics- based perspective was applied against CHIKV structural (E1) and non-structural (nsP2) proteins using molecular docking and scoring. The selected compounds were further studied for pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) associated parameters such as initial absorption, then distribution and later on metabolism excretion and toxicity (ADMET) profiles based on in silico study. The results reveal five potential lead compounds having high binding energy that can help in the development of commercial drugs with favorable ADMET characteristic.
Prevention of skin allograft rejection by photodynamic therapy (PDT) using benzoporphyrin derivative monoacid ring A (BPD) verteporfin
Creators: name: Obochi, Modestus Onuora Kay
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) using the photosensitizer, benzoporphyrin derivative monoacid ring A (BPD) verteporfin which absorbs strongly at 690 nm, on murine skin allograft rejection was tested using a unique approach. Skin sections (C57BL/6)were exposed in vitro to varying doses of BPD (0.125 - 1.0 μg/mL) and 10 J/cm² light at a wavelength of 690 nm prior to implantation onto recipients (BALB/c). We found that pretreatment of skin to be grafted with PDT can significantly prolong the survival of allografts from 9.3 (n = 42) ± 2.2 days (control group) to 16.9 (n = 20) ± 1.7 days (treated group). Higher doses of BPD did not result in longer survival of the skin allografts. Rather, the most beneficial effects of the treatment were observed at lower doses of BPD (0.25 - 0.5 /μg/mL) as opposed to 1.0 /μg/mL and light (10 J/cm², 690 + 10 nm wavelength). Our strategy was, therefore, termed low-dose PDT to reflect the fact that we used low doses of BPD and visible light, doses where, even at the highest level, the histological features of pre-treated donor skins revealed no obvious tissue damage. In order to identify mechanisms by which pretreatment of donor skin could effect anti-allograft immune responses, we investigated the effect of low-dose PDT on the antigen presenting cells of the epidermis, the Langerhans cells (LC). Using flow cytometry, we found that the levels of expression of the major histocompatibility complex (class I and II) and the costimulatory (B7-1 and B7-2) molecules on LC isolated from treated skin was substantially reduced (60 - 90 % reduction) in comparison to the control preparations. On the contrary, the levels of the leukocyte common antigen (CD45), the adhesion molecule (ICAM-1), the endocytic receptor (DEC-205), the ectophosphatase intensities on L C , as well as LC viabilities, were unchanged. Furthermore, the ability of LC to stimulate the proliferation of naive or pre-sensitized alloreactive T cells was impaired. Finally, the histology and immunohistology of graft tissues from graft recipients revealed that this treatment kept the levels of inflammatory cellular infiltration into the graft low compared to the control grafts. Our findings suggest that the immunomodulatory effects of low-dose PDT of tissue grafts associated with extended engraftment may depend on a selective effect upon epidermal cells, especially LC and may not require cell depletion in order to permit the acceptance of skin allograft. Since the engagement of T cell receptors (TCR) in the absence of costimulation results in suboptimal activation of T cells and ultimately anergy, it appears that the immunomodulatory effects of low-dose PDT depends, in part, upon decreased expression of MHC and costimulatory molecules.
Critical behavior of a colloid-polymer mixture confined between walls
Creators: name: Vink, R. L. C.
name: Binder, K.
name: Horbach, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the influence of confinement on phase separation in colloid-polymer mixtures. To describe the particle interactions, the colloid-polymer model of Asakura and Oosawa [J. Chem. Phys. 22, 1255 (1954)] is used. Grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations are then applied to this model confined between two parallel hard walls, separated by a distance D=5 colloid diameters. We focus on the critical regime of the phase separation and look for signs of crossover from three-dimensional (3D) Ising to two-dimensional (2D) Ising universality. To extract the critical behavior, finite size scaling techniques are used, including the recently proposed algorithm of Kim et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 065701 (2003)]. Our results point to effective critical exponents that differ profoundly from 3D Ising values, and that are already very close to 2D Ising values. In particular, we observe that the critical exponent beta of the order parameter in the confined system is smaller than in 3D bulk, yielding a flatter binodal. Our results also show an increase in the critical colloid packing fraction in the confined system with respect to the bulk. The latter seems consistent with theoretical expectations, although subtleties due to singularities in the critical behavior of the coexistence diameter cannot be ruled out.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures
The $p_0$-Laplace "Signature" for Quasilinear Inverse Problems
Creators: name: Esposito, A. Corbo
name: Faella, L.
name: Mottola, V.
name: Piscitelli, G.
name: Prakash, R.
name: Tamburrino, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper refers to an imaging problem in the presence of nonlinear materials. Specifically, the problem we address falls within the framework of Electrical Resistance Tomography and involves two different materials, one or both of which are nonlinear. Tomography with nonlinear materials in the early stages of developments, although breakthroughs are expected in the not-too-distant future. The original contribution this work makes is that the nonlinear problem can be approximated by a weighted $p_0$-Laplace problem. From the perspective of tomography, this is a significant result because it highlights the central role played by the $p_0$-Laplacian in inverse problems with nonlinear materials. Moreover, when $p_0=2$, this result allows all the imaging methods and algorithms developed for linear materials to be brought into the arena of problems with nonlinear materials. The main result of this work is that for "small" Dirichlet data, (i) one material can be replaced by a perfect electric conductor and (ii) the other material can be replaced by a material giving rise to a weighted $p_0$-Laplace problem.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2309.15206
ZnO Nanowire Arrays Decorated with Titanium Nitride Nanoparticles as Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering Substrates
Creators: name: Rajesh, Y.
name: Bharati, M. S. S.
name: Rao, S. Venugopal
name: Krishna, M. Ghanashyam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, ZnO nanowire arrays decorated with titanium nitride (TiN) nanoparticles as surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates is demonstrated. ZnO nanowires were grown by hydrothermal synthesis while ~100 nm TiN nanoparticles were obtained by grinding commercial powders for several hours. They were then decorated on the ZnO nanowire arrays using acetone as the medium. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed the presence of TiN nanoparticles on the ZnO nanowires. TiN nanoparticles exhibited localized surface plasmon resonances at 430, 520 and 600 nm. SERS experiments using Nile Blue and Methylene Blue as the analyte molecules showed significant enhancement in the Raman signals. It is shown that the origin of the SERS effect is chemical in nature, due to charge transfer between the analyte molecule and the TiN nanoparticles. The current work, thus, represents a simple, cost-effective and facile method for the fabrication of TiN based surface enhanced Raman scattering substrates.
Amorphous phase formation in InxGa1-xAs, InxGa1-xP and Si1-xGex
Creators: name: Hussain, Zohair Shakir
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Amorphous semiconductors
subject: Thermodynamics
subject: Ion implantation

description: Amorphous semiconductors have found uses in an increasing variety of electronic and photonic devices over the last few decades, many of which are now commonplace. The ubiquitous Thin Film Transistor (TFT) LCD/LED flat panel display is a multibillion dollar per annum industry. Other examples include photovoltaic cells and night vision systems. A thorough understanding of the physical characteristics of this class of materials is of commercial, military, scientific and technological interest. In particular, a deeper understanding of the amorphisation process may assist in accelerating the uptake of this technology. This thesis investigates the amorphisation kinetics of three semiconducting materials, InxGa1-xAs, InxGa1-xP and Si1-xGex, to gain an understanding of the damage production process in these materials via ion implantation. Ion implantation is a commonly used technique in the semiconductor industry for rendering materials amorphous due to the precise control it offers over the implanted ion fluence and ion species. All three of these materials are of technological importance for their use and development in fields such as solar cells for space applications, quantum well FETs, wireless LAN and GPS applications. Ion implantation was performed using Ge ions to render InxGa1-xAs, InxGa1-xP and Si1-xGex amorphous. Implantation induced disorder was quantified with Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy in the channelling configuration (RBS-C). EXAFS measurements were preformed to study the local atomic structure of the crystalline material. Parameters such as bond length, bond angle and structural disorder were deduced from the EXAFS measurements. These results were then correlated to RBSC to help explain the amorphisation behaviour observed in InxGa1-xAs, InxGa1-xP and Si1-xGex. It was found that distortion in both bond length and bond angle distribution was apparent for both InxGa1-xAs and InxGa1-xP with the structural disorder primarily being accommodated by bond angle distribution. This leads to the presence of local regions of strain acting as preferential sites for stimulated amorphisation. The amorphisation kinetics observed in InxGa1-xAs and InxGa1-xP are attributed to these pre-existing local strain regions. The structural disorder observed in crystalline Si1-xGex was much reduced in comparison to the InxGa1-xAs and InxGa1-xP. Hence, amorphisation kinetics observed in Si1-xGex differ from those observed in InxGa1-xAs and InxGa1-xP. It is hoped that the insights gained by this thesis into the amorphisation kinetics of these materials will help open up more avenues and application for the use of these and materials similar to these in the electronics industry.
Fieldwork Materials on Kuy, Thro, and So Thavung
Creators: name: Akachart, Bunmi
name: Amartmontri, Khamma
name: Buasri, Wasana
name: Chaiwiset, Sonthaya
name: Chaiyapha, Sidawun
name: Chaiyapha, Somwong
name: Chitbut, Mit
name: Hardkadee, Kraisorn
name: Hardkadee, Nikhom
name: Intanai, Thongwilai
name: Jankhotekaew, Samong
name: Janthong, Mi
name: Janthong, Saengmanee
name: Janthong, Suphawan
name: Jummaimueang, Jamlorng
name: Kusuwan, Janthajorn
name: Kusuwan, Yorm
name: Mukdaphan, Muntra
name: Mungsaen, Duean
name: Mungsaen, Thansamai
name: Naknual, Prasopchok
name: Naknual, Singh
name: Ninjanbut, Thongsawat
name: Phromsa'aat, Ka
name: Ranphisarn, Sirinan
name: Romphamueang, Warunee
name: Sidam, Bun
name: Sidam, Narongsak
name: Silachai, Surin
name: Sridachart, Khamsroy
name: Sriwongsa, Pai
name: Tamprasri, Amphorn
name: Tathong, Thawil
name: Thawichart, Bunchuoy
name: Thawichart, Mi
name: Thawichart, Rungphithak
name: Thawichart, Samrij
name: Thawichart, Somphong
name: Thawichart, Thanakorn
name: Thawichart, Thidarat
name: Thonkhamdee, Kaai
name: Tonprathum, Bunthom
name: Tonprathum, Kaew
name: Tonprathum, Phang
name: Tonprathum, Sompong
name: Tonprathum, Thiwa
name: Worahart, Phornphimol
name: Lau-Preechathammarach, Raksit Tyler
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023

description: The materials consist mainly of audio recordings of elicitation of lexical items, with supplementary notes. There are also natural conversations, and anonymized data from a production study consisting of target words embedded in a carrier sentence (items 2018-38.076 through 2018-38.155).
A computational structural biology study to understand the impact of mutation on structure–function relationship of inward-rectifier potassium ion channel Kir6.2 in human
Creators: name: Gupta, Manoj Kumar
name: Ramakrishna Vadde
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is clinically characterized via hyperglycemia. Polymorphism rs5219 in the KCNJ11 gene is a risk factor for developing T2D in humans. KCNJ11 encodes the “inward-rectifier potassium ion channel (Kir6.2)”. However, because of the absence of the complete crystal/NMR structures of Kir6.2 proteins, insight into its structure & function and its interaction with diverse ligands remain elusive to date. Therefore, a computational approach was employed for predicting the best plausible “three-dimensional” structure of Kir6.2 as well as for studying the influence of mutation (p. GLU23LYS) on both architectures as well as the function of Kir6.2 employing simulation studies. Results obtained revealed that though, with increased time, “Gibbs free energy” becomes positive, residues in wild type Kir6.2 experiences less random movement as compared to mutant Kir6.2. The less random movement of residues in wild type Kir6.2 represents the standard coupling between open and closing of “KATP channel” and thus the normal secretion of insulin. The more dispersed motion of mutant Kir6.2 residues represents “overactivity” of the “KATP channel” and thus insulin “under-secretion”. Further, molecular docking and simulation studies identified two phytochemicals/drugs, namely, A-348441 and chushizisin I, which retains the wild type property of Kir6.2 after binding with mutant protein. Unlike A-348441, this is for the first time, the present study is reporting about the plausible anti-diabetic property of chushizisin I. As these two phytochemicals/drugs, namely, A-348441 and chushizisin I, have passed ADMET test, in the near future, they may be utilized as anti-diabetic drugs after further investigation.
Complementary Sets, Generalized Reed-Muller Codes, and Power Control for OFDM
Creators: name: Schmidt, Kai-Uwe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The use of error-correcting codes for tight control of the peak-to-mean envelope power ratio (PMEPR) in orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) transmission is considered in this correspondence. By generalizing a result by Paterson, it is shown that each q-phase (q is even) sequence of length 2^m lies in a complementary set of size 2^{k+1}, where k is a nonnegative integer that can be easily determined from the generalized Boolean function associated with the sequence. For small k this result provides a reasonably tight bound for the PMEPR of q-phase sequences of length 2^m. A new 2^h-ary generalization of the classical Reed-Muller code is then used together with the result on complementary sets to derive flexible OFDM coding schemes with low PMEPR. These codes include the codes developed by Davis and Jedwab as a special case. In certain situations the codes in the present correspondence are similar to Paterson's code constructions and often outperform them.
Mechanisms and time-scales in breakup of 6,7Li
Creators: name: Luong, Duc Huy
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: QC794.L86 2012
subject: Nuclear reactions
subject: Lithium

description: The current and near future of nuclear physics is being directed by the availability of radioactive ion beams and exotic nuclei near the neutron drip line. Reactions with the weakly-bound but stable {u2076}Li and {u2077}Li nuclei were thus studied as a testbed for relating nuclear structure of weakly-bound and unstable nuclei to nuclear reaction outcomes within a coherent framework, an important goal in nuclear reaction theory. Coincidence measurements of charged fragments produced from the reactions of {u2076},{u2077}Li with high-Z targets were carried out, at sub-barrier energies, using a large-area position sensitive detector array at back-angles. The wide and continuous angular coverage of the detector, and the choice of sub-barrier energies, were crucial in obtaining clear conclusions. For the reactions with {u2076}Li, the observed {u03B1} + d and {u03B1} + p coincidences show direct cluster breakup ({u2076}Li {u21E2}{u03B1} + d), but also large yields of breakup triggered by n-transfer ({u2076}Li {u21E2}{u2075}Li {u21E2}{u03B1} + p). Coincidences between {u03B1} + {u03B1} were also observed indicating breakup triggered by d-transfer ({u2076}Li {u21E2}{u2078}Be {u21E2}{u03B1} + {u03B1}). For the {u2077}Li-induced reactions, direct cluster breakup ({u2077}Li {u21E2}{u03B1} + t) was observed, but more probable was p-pickup by the projectile resulting in {u03B1} + {u03B1} coincidences ({u2077}Li {u21E2}{u2078}Be {u21E2}{u03B1} + {u03B1}). The measured relative energy gives an indication of the time-scales for each breakup mode, allowing a comparison with the time-scales for direct nuclear reactions and fusion. These measurements demonstrate that the reaction dynamics and outcomes are determined not only by the properties of the two colliding nuclei, but also by the ground-state and excited state properties of their neighbours. This is a key insight for understanding and predicting reactions of weakly-bound nuclei near the limits of nuclear existence. Furthermore, the results suggest that in sub-barrier collisions of {u2076}Li and {u2077}Li with all but the lightest nuclei, the most likely nuclear reactions will lead to breakup of the projectile-like nucleus, forming elements lighter than Li. This needs to be tested experimentally for collisions with much lighter nuclei, and possible implications for lithium abundances in cosmological processes investigated.
Review the Enterprise Resource Planning in Moroccan Healthcare Organizations
Creators: name: Yamani, Fatima Zahra
name: Merouani, Mohamed El
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Hospital Information Systems (HIS) in Morocco take a central place in the process of patient care. An approach is made to analyze the current situation of the HIS within the institutions in order to bring an integral and generic vision, allowing the judicious articulation of the business and IT layers. Currently, the Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) implemented remains a system consisting of several applications dedicated to specific areas. These systems have become an indispensable element within any hospital. The goal of our study is to discover how the ERP has been used in Moroccan healthcare sector and how these software should be implemented and used to improve healthcare services.
Experimental Analysis on Laboratory
DC Fast Charging Architecture
for Electric and Plug-in Hybrid Vehicles
Creators: name: Capasso, Clemente
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2015

description: This manuscript is aimed to present a complete experimental analysis on DC power architecture for fast charging operations of full electric and plug-in hybrid vehicles. The described research activities start from an experimental characterization of energy storage systems of different technologies during their charging and discharging operations. These tests are carried out through a specific laboratory bench, which is properly controlled in order to obtain the required charging/discharging profiles. Then the analysis on the DC charging architecture is performed by means of a laboratory prototype, which has been designed and realized as case study. The analyzed prototype of DC charging station is composed by a 20 kW grid tied AC/DC converter, which realizes the DC-Link starting from the low voltage AC grid, and DC/DC power converters for the connection of vehicles on charge and stationary energy storage buffers. Experimental tests are aimed in this case to characterize and analyze the performance of the considered DC power architecture in different operative conditions. Laboratory results have firstly shown the good behaviour of lithium storage technologies in supporting fast charging/discharging operations. Then the experimental evaluations on the laboratory prototype have shown the effectiveness of the realized control strategies and the real advantages of using DC charging architecture, integrated with energy storage buffers, mainly in terms of efficiency, charging times and impact on the main grid.
ALMA detection of the dusty object silhouetted against the S0 galaxy NGC 3269 in the Antlia cluster
Creators: name: Haikala, L. K.
name: Salinas, R.
name: Richtler, T.
name: Gómez, M.
name: Gahm, G. F.
name: Mattila, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An intriguing silhouette of a small dust patch can be seen against the disk of the S0 galaxy NGC 3269 in the Antlia cluster in optical images. The images do not provide any clue as to whether the patch is a local Jupiter mass-scale cloudlet or a large extragalactic dust complex. We aim to resolve the nature of this object: is it a small Galactic cloudlet or an extragalactic dust complex? ALMA and APEX spectroscopy and Gemini GMOS long-slit spectroscopy were used to measure the velocity of the patch and the NGC 3269 disk radial velocity curve. A weak 16$\pm$2.5 km/s wide $^{12}$CO (2-1) T$_{MB}$ 19$\pm$2.5 mK line in a 2.0" by 2.12" beam associated with the object was detected with ALMA. The observed heliocentric velocity, V$_r$,hel = 3878$\pm$5.0km/s, immediately establishes the extragalactic nature of the object. The patch velocity is consistent with the velocity of the nucleus of NGC 3269, but not with the radial velocity of the NGC 3269 disk of the galaxy at its position. The $\sim$4" angular size of the patch corresponds to a linear size of $\sim$1 kpc at the galaxy's Hubble distance of (d/50.7 Mpc)$^2$ Msun, while the attenuation derived from the optical spectrum implies a dust mass of $\sim$2.6x10$^4$ (d/50.7 Mpc)$^2$ Msun. The derived attenuation ratio A'$_B$/(A'$_B$-A'$_R$) of 1.6$\pm$0.11 is substantially lower than the corresponding value for the mean Milky Way extinction curve for point sources (2.3). We established the extragalactic nature of the patch, but its origin remains elusive. One possibility is that the dust patch is left over from the removal of interstellar matter in NGC 3269 through the interaction with its neighbour, NGC 3268.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, Accepted to Astronomy & Astrophysics
Identifying neutrino mass hierarchy at extremely small theta(13) through Earth matter effects in a supernova signal
Creators: name: Dasgupta, Basudeb
name: Dighe, Amol
name: Mirizzi, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Collective neutrino flavor transformations deep inside a supernova are sensitive to the neutrino mass hierarchy even at extremely small values of theta(13). Exploiting this effect, we show that comparison of the antineutrino signals from a galactic supernova in two megaton class water Cherenkov detectors, one of which is shadowed by the Earth, will enable us to distinguish between the hierarchies if sin^2 theta(13) < 10^{-5}. On the other hand, the observation of Earth effects in the inverted hierarchy for sin^2 theta(13) > 10^{-3} will provide a robust observable signature of collective oscillations occurring deep inside the supernova.
description: Final version: Text clarified, references updated. Matches the version published in Physical Review Letters
Solitary wave solutions of the 2+1 and 3+1 dimensional nonlinear Dirac equation constrained to planar and space curves
Creators: name: Cooper, Fred
name: Khare, Avinash
name: Saxena, Avadh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of curvature and torsion on the solitons of the nonlinear Dirac equation considered on planar and space curves. Since the spin connection is zero for the curves considered here, the arc variable provides a natural setting to understand the role of curvature and then we can obtain the transformation for the 1+1 dimensional Dirac equation directly from the metric. Depending on the curvature, the soliton profile either narrows or expands. Our results may be applicable to yet-to-be-synthesized curved quasi-one dimensional Bose condensates.
description: 15 pages, 14 figures
Ellipsoidal configurations in the de Sitter spacetime
Creators: name: Balaguera-Antolinez, A.
name: Mota, D. F.
name: Nowakowski, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cosmological constant $Λ$ modifies certain properties of large astrophysical rotating configurations with ellipsoidal geometries, provided the objects are not too compact. Assuming an equilibrium configuration and so using the tensor virial equation with $Λ$ we explore several equilibrium properties of homogeneous rotating ellipsoids. One shows that the bifurcation point, which in the oblate case distinguishes the Maclaurin ellipsoid from the Jacobi ellipsoid, is sensitive to the cosmological constant. Adding to that, the cosmological constant allows triaxial configurations of equilibrium rotating the minor axis as solutions of the virial equations. The significance of the result lies in the fact that minor axis rotation is indeed found in nature. Being impossible for the oblate case, it is permissible for prolate geometries, with $Λ$ zero and positive. For the triaxial case, however, an equilibrium solution is found only for non-zero positive $Λ$. Finally, we solve the tensor virial equation for the angular velocity and display special effects of the cosmological constant there.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures, published in Class. Quant. Grav. References added
Number of bounded distance equivalence classes in hulls of repetitive Delone sets
Creators: name: Frettlöh, Dirk
name: Garber, Alexey
name: Sadun, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Two Delone sets are bounded distance equivalent to each other if there is a bijection between them such that the distance of corresponding points is uniformly bounded. Bounded distance equivalence is an equivalence relation. We show that the hull of a repetitive Delone set with finite local complexity has either one equivalence class or uncountably many. A very similar result is proven in arXiv:2011.00106 [math.MG].
description: 13 pages
Tapered semiconductor amplifiers for optical frequency combs in the near infrared
Creators: name: Cruz, Flavio C.
name: Stowe, Matthew C.
name: Ye, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A tapered semiconductor amplifier is injection seeded by a femtosecond optical frequency comb at 780 nm from a mode-locked Ti:sapphire laser. Energy gains over 17 dB (12 dB) are obtained for 1 mW (20 mW) of average input power when the input pulses are stretched into the picosecond range. A spectral window of supercontinuum light generated in a photonic fiber has also been amplified. Interferometric measurements show sub-hertz linewidths for a heterodyne beat between the input and amplified comb components, yielding no detectable phase-noise degradation under amplification. These amplifiers can be used to boost the infrared power in f-to-2f interferometers used to determine the carrier-to-envelope offset frequency, with clear advantages for stabilization of octave-spanning femtosecond lasers and other supercontinuum light sources with very limited power in the infrared.
description: 3 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Optics Letters
Temperature Dependent Current Dispersion Study in $β$-Ga$_2$O$_3$ FETs Using Sub-Microsecond Pulsed IV Characteristics
Creators: name: Vaidya, Abhishek
name: Singisetti, Uttam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A comprehensive study of drain current dispersion effects in $β$-Ga$_2$O$_3$ FETs has been done using DC, pulsed and RF measurements. Both virtual gate effect in the gate-drain access region and interface traps under the gate are most plausible explanations for the experimentally observed pulsed current dispersion and high temperature threshold voltage shift respectively. Unpassivated devices show significant current dispersion between DC and pulsed IV response due to gate lag effect characterized by time constants in the range of 400~$μs$ to 600~$μs$. An activation energy of 99~$meV$ is estimated from temperature dependent Arrhenius plots. A variable range hopping based slow transport in conjunction with the observed shallow trap level is attributed to the observed slow transient response of drain current with respect to time. Reactive ion etching step during the device fabrication is most likely responsible for introducing the traps. Effect of traps can be minimized by using surface passivation layers, in this case, Silicon Nitride which shows significant improvement in the current dispersion and RF cutoff frequency. This work demonstrates the detrimental effect the traps can have on the current dispersion which significantly limits the high frequency operation of the device.