cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Existence and uniqueness of the integrated density of states for Schrödinger operators with magnetic fields and unbounded random potentials
Creators: name: Hupfer, Thomas
name: Leschke, Hajo
name: Müller, Peter
name: Warzel, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35J10, 35Q40, 47B80

description: The object of the present study is the integrated density of states of a quantum particle in multi-dimensional Euclidean space which is characterized by a Schrödinger operator with a constant magnetic field and a random potential which may be unbounded from above and from below. For an ergodic random potential satisfying a simple moment condition, we give a detailed proof that the infinite-volume limits of spatial eigenvalue concentrations of finite-volume operators with different boundary conditions exist almost surely. Since all these limits are shown to coincide with the expectation of the trace of the spatially localized spectral family of the infinite-volume operator, the integrated density of states is almost surely non-random and independent of the chosen boundary condition. Our proof of the independence of the boundary condition builds on and generalizes certain results by S. Doi, A. Iwatsuka and T. Mine [Math. Z. {\bf 237} (2001) 335-371] and S. Nakamura [J. Funct. Anal. {\bf 173} (2001) 136-152].
description: This paper is a revised version of the first part of the first version of math-ph/0010013. For a revised version of the second part, see math-ph/0105046. To appear in Reviews in Mathematical Physics
Leonotis ocymifolia var. raineriana Iwarsson
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Lamiaceae
Leonotis
Leonotis ocymifolia
Leonotis ocymifolia (burm.f.) iwarsson var. raineriana (vis.) iwarsson

description: Leonotis ocymifolia (Burm.f.) Iwarsson var. raineriana (Vis.) Iwarsson  —
Habit: Herb.
Habitat: LMWF, LMDF, BZ, UMF; 1 400–3 400 m. Distribution: II.
 Voucher: Sirimon Track, Alt. 3096 m, 17 Jul. 2014, CPG 28389 (HIB, PE).
 References: Fries & Fries (1930b), Bussmann (1993, 1994, 2001), Bussmann & Beck (1995a), Lange et al. (1997), Agnew (2013).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 86, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
Rural Consumers Go to Town with Retail Dollars
Creators: name: Gale, H. Frederick
name: Gale, H. Frederick
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Residents of small rural communities make more than half of their retail purchases in large towns and cities that attract retail trade from the surrounding area. The interdependence among different sizes of communities resulting from retail trade patterns means that income received by rural residents has economic impacts that spill over into trade center towns.
Suburbs of Their Own: African-American Outmigration and Persistent Segregation in Chicago
Creators: Snidal, Michael
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Community development, Urban
African Americans--Segregation
African Americans--Migrations
Suburbs
Discrimination in housing

description: Popular narratives of African-American outmigration from the city tell a story of "melting-pot suburbs" and the end of segregation. However, these narratives rely on declines in the White population proportion across suburbs and declines in absolute levels of segregation across metropolitan regions. This paper uses segregation indices, ArcGIS spatial analysis, and descriptive statistics at the municipal level to examine the relationship between increased African-American suburbanization and levels of segregation in the Chicago MSA. African-Americans are leaving Chicago and entering the suburbs and the level of metropolitan segregation in the region has been steadily declining since the 1970s. However, analysis reveals that re-segregation rather than integration is occurring in Chicago's suburbs; that African-Americans remain uniquely segregated in the Chicago MSA; that the rate of segregation is declining at a faster pace in the City than in the suburbs; and that the suburbs are now a greater contributor to metropolitan segregation than the City. As the suburbs become the new terrain for residential segregation, theory must re-examine why African-American entrance into the suburbs has not fit a spatial assimilation model.
title: Resonance absorption phenomena of surf zone wave kinematics
Creators: name: Büsching, Fritz
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 1983
Subjects: subject: Resonanz
subject: anomale Dispersion
subject: Phasengeschwindigkeit
subject: Energie-Spektrum
subject: Brandungszone
subject: Übertragungsfunktion
subject: resonance
subject: anomalous dispersion
subject: phase velocity
subject: energy spectrum
subject: surf zone
subject: transfer function
subject: 62

description: Resonant interaction processes in the surf zone are marked by an anomalous dispersion property (dc/df>0), as it is well known from resonance absorption processes of elctromagnetic waves in dielectrics.
description: Resonante Wechselwirkungsprozesse der Brandungszone sind durch "anomale Dispersion" der Wasserwellengeschwindigkeit (dc/df>0) gekennzeichnet,- vergleichbar der Resonanz-Absorption elektromagnetischer Wellen in Dielektrika.
Instant MPC for linear systems and dissipativity-based stability analysis
Creators: name: Yoshida, Keisuke
name: Inoue, Masaki
name: Hatanaka, Takeshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This letter is devoted to the concept of ``instant'' model predictive control (iMPC) for linear systems. An optimization problem is formulated to express the finite-time constrained optimal regulation control, like conventional MPC. Then, iMPC determines the control action based on the optimization process rather than the optimizer, unlike MPC. The iMPC concept is realized by a continuous-time dynamic algorithm of solving the optimization; the primal-dual gradient algorithm is directly implemented as a dynamic controller. On the basis of the dissipativity evaluation of the algorithm, the stability of the control system is analyzed. Finally, a numerical experiment is performed in order to demonstrate that iMPC emulates MPC and to show its less computational burden.
Spectral Correlations in the Crossover Transition from a Superposition of Harmonic Oscillators to the Gaussian Unitary Ensemble
Creators: name: Guhr, Thomas
name: Papenbrock, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the spectral correlation functions for the transition from a harmonic oscillator towards the Gaussian Unitary Ensemble (GUE). We use a variant of the supersymmetry method to obtain analytical results in a fast and elegant way. In contrast to certain related transitions, the k-point correlation function possesses the k*k determinant structure of the GUE limit for the entire transition. The results are used to consider also the spectral correlations of a superposition of M transition spectra. Our results are non-perturbative and are valid for all values of the transition parameter.
description: 12 pages, 4 EPS-figures, uses psfig.sty
(Re)constructing Code Loops
Creators: name: Nagy, Ben
name: Roberts, David Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20N05 (primary), 20B40, 20G10 (secondary)

description: The Moufang loop named for Richard Parker is a central extension of the extended binary Golay code. It the prototypical example of a general class of nonassociative structures known today as code loops, which have been studied from a number of different algebraic and combinatorial perspectives. This expository article aims to highlight an experimental approach to computing in code loops, by a combination of a small amount of precomputed information and making use of the rich identities that code loops' twisted cocycles satisfy. As a byproduct we demonstrate that one can reconstruct the multiplication in Parker's loop from a mere fragment of its twisted cocycle. We also give relatively large subspaces of the Golay code over which Parker's loop splits as a direct product.
description: 10 pages, three figures, one ancillary text file containing enough data to reconstruct the multiplication in the Parker loop. v2 Updated after referee feedback
Leucas glabrata Sm.
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Lamiaceae
Leucas
Leucas glabrata

description: Leucas glabrata (Vahl) Sm.  —
Habit: Woody herb or shrub.
Habitat: LMWF, LMDF; up to 2 500 m. Distribution: I.
Voucher: N/A.
References: Fries & Fries (1930b), Bussmann & Beck (1995a), Agnew (2013).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 86, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
Out-of-plane QCD radiation in DIS events with high $P_T$ Jets
Creators: name: Zanderighi, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the QCD analysis of the out-of-event-plane momentum distribution in DIS events with high $p_t$ jets. The achieved accuracy allows the measurement of the running coupling and the study of non-perturbative effects, in particular the test of universality of power corrections in a new experimental regime.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, talk given at X International Workshop on Deep Inelastic Scattering (DIS2002), Krakov, Poland
Multi-adjoint concept lattices via quantaloid-enriched categories
Creators: name: Lai, Hongliang
name: Shen, Lili
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18D20, 18A40, 03B70, 06B23

description: With quantaloids carefully constructed from multi-adjoint frames, it is shown that multi-adjoint concept lattices, multi-adjoint property-oriented concept lattices and multi-adjoint object-oriented concept lattices are derivable from Isbell adjunctions, Kan adjunctions and dual Kan adjunctions between quantaloid-enriched categories, respectively.
description: 14 pages, final version
Global Topology and Local Violation of Discrete Symmetries
Creators: name: Anandan, Jeeva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmological models that are locally consistent with general relativity and the standard model in which an object transported around the universe undergoes P, C and CP transformations, are constructed. This leads to generalization of the gauge fields that describe electro-weak and strong interactions by enlarging the gauge groups to include anti-unitary transformations. Gedanken experiments show that if all interactions obey Einstein causality then P, C and CP cannot be violated in these models. But another model, which would violate charge superselection rule even for an isolated system, is allowed. It is suggested that the fundamental physical laws must have these discrete symmetries which are broken spontaneously, or they must be non causal.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure, latex, Revtex. Charge conjugation which is physically implemented in a cosmology with the appropriate topology is described in more detail. Some minor errors are corrected. Shortened to meet the page limit of Physical Review Letters to which this paper was submitted
Extending a Mining Company’s Risk Assessment Framework to Tailings Facilities
Creators: name: Small, Andy
name: Barbaran, Johanna
name: Ileme, Ogechi Mary
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: A typical risk assessment framework that is used by mining companies is a 5 × 5 matrix that includes the two main components of risk: likelihood and consequences, plotted on two axes. The matrix is further subdivided into risk levels that define whether a risk is: (i) acceptable to the mining company; (ii) requires further reduction; or (iii) is not acceptable and cannot be allowed to continue. This approach has been effective for mine operators to identify, characterize, and manage their risks. However, the typical risk matrix developed by a mining company is not suitable for tailings storage facility (TSF) safety, which typically has risks with much lower likelihood events (e.g., 10,000-year return periods) and higher consequences, than other risks at a mine site. A number of alternative frameworks to the typical risk matrix have been developed that are better suited to TSF risks. However, using an alternative framework can make it difficult for the TSF team to communicate and prioritize risks within the mining company. Some mining companies have already modified their corporate risk assessment framework to address or incorporate TSF risks. This paper discusses an approach utilized by the authors and colleagues at Klohn Crippen Berger for mining companies that have not already made this modification to consider. It extends the typical 5 × 5 risk matrix to address the unique aspects of tailings facilities; enabling integration within the corporate risk management system. This framework has assisted clients with: (i) meeting the requirements of the Global Industry Standard on Tailings Management (GISTM); (ii) categorizing and communicating TSF risks within project, site and corporate teams; (iii) assisting the TSF safety teams to gain a thorough understanding of the facility risks; (iv) identifying the critical controls and surveillance activities; (v) identifying and prioritizing additional risk mitigation opportunities, and; (v) supporting the development of trigger, action, and response plans (TARPs) and emergency response plans (ERP).
Strong Convergence of Multivariate Maxima
Creators: name: Falk, Michael
name: Padoan, Simone A.
name: Rizzelli, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G70, 62H10, 60F15

description: It is well known and readily seen that the maximum of $n$ independent and uniformly on $[0,1]$ distributed random variables, suitably standardised, converges in total variation distance, as $n$ increases, to the standard negative exponential distribution. We extend this result to higher dimensions by considering copulas. We show that the strong convergence result holds for copulas that are in a differential neighbourhood of a multivariate generalized Pareto copula. Sklar's theorem then implies convergence in variational distance of the maximum of $n$ independent and identically distributed random vectors with arbitrary common distribution function and (under conditions on the marginals) of its appropriately normalised version. We illustrate how these convergence results can be exploited to establish the almost-sure consistency of some estimation procedures for max-stable models, using sample maxima.
Leucas grandis Vatke
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Lamiaceae
Leucas
Leucas grandis

description: Leucas grandis Vatke  —
Habit: Herb.
Habitat: LMWF, LMDF; up to 2 800 m. Distribution: IIIa.
 Voucher: Near Ontulili Forest Station, Alt. 2 198 m, 5 Aug. 2015, SAJIT 003122 (HIB).
 References: Fries & Fries (1930b), Bussmann (1994), Bussmann & Beck (1995a), Paton et al. (2009), Agnew (2013).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 86, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
Historic Preservation as Part of Downtown Redevelopment
Creators: name: Stenberg, Peter L.
name: Stenberg, Peter L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: For decades nonmetro downtown business districts have faced pressures from shopping center developments and stagnating economic bases. Some communities are using historic preservation to help rejuvenate their ''Main Streets.” The economic benefits of historic preservation activities are difficult to measure, but most efforts have at least improved the appearance of downtown buildings. Community leaders often report increased community pride and cohesiveness as benefits of historic preservation.
New political parties through the voters’ eyes
Creators: name: Wuttke, Alexander
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Scholars have mainly studied the formation of political parties on the macro-level, but to explain the conditions of successful party establishment it is important to understand the motivational underpinnings of voting for a new party on the individual level. Using cross-national voter surveys and long-term panel data from Germany (2005–2013) and the Netherlands (1998–2002), this study contrasts the implicit assumptions about voter behaviour of equilibrium- and protest-based theories on party emergence. Although proximity to a new party matters, the evidence does not support the equilibrium perspective’s tenet that new parties gain votes from citizens whose views were not represented in the preceding election. Moreover, political discontent was identified as fertile soil for new parties to gain electoral support, but the relationship between discontent and voting is more complex than theoretically suggested. These findings on individual voter behaviour may inform further theoretical work on the successful establishment of new political parties.
A Comparative Study for Unsupervised Network Representation Learning
Creators: name: Khosla, Megha
name: Setty, Vinay
name: Anand, Avishek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: There has been appreciable progress in unsupervised network representation learning (UNRL) approaches over graphs recently with flexible random-walk approaches, new optimization objectives and deep architectures. However, there is no common ground for systematic comparison of embeddings to understand their behavior for different graphs and tasks. In this paper we theoretically group different approaches under a unifying framework and empirically investigate the effectiveness of different network representation methods. In particular, we argue that most of the UNRL approaches either explicitly or implicit model and exploit context information of a node. Consequently, we propose a framework that casts a variety of approaches -- random walk based, matrix factorization and deep learning based -- into a unified context-based optimization function. We systematically group the methods based on their similarities and differences. We study the differences among these methods in detail which we later use to explain their performance differences (on downstream tasks). We conduct a large-scale empirical study considering 9 popular and recent UNRL techniques and 11 real-world datasets with varying structural properties and two common tasks -- node classification and link prediction. We find that there is no single method that is a clear winner and that the choice of a suitable method is dictated by certain properties of the embedding methods, task and structural properties of the underlying graph. In addition we also report the common pitfalls in evaluation of UNRL methods and come up with suggestions for experimental design and interpretation of results.
description: Accepted for publication in IEEE TKDE
Time Delay in the Kuramoto Model of Coupled Oscillators
Creators: name: Yeung, M. K. Stephen
name: Strogatz, Steven H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize the Kuramoto model of coupled oscillators to allow time-delayed interactions. New phenomena include bistability between synchronized and incoherent states, and unsteady solutions with time-dependent order parameters. We derive exact formulas for the stability boundaries of the incoherent and synchronized states, as a function of the delay, in the special case where the oscillators are identical. The experimental implications of the model are discussed for populations of chirping crickets, where the finite speed of sound causes communication delays, and for physical systems such as coupled phase-locked loops or lasers.
description: 4 pages, 1 revtex file + 4 eps files. Submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett. Also available at http://publish.aps.org/eprint/gateway/eplist/aps1998jul13_007
Superfund Remediation: Ingredients for Improving Feasibility of Site Reuse
Creators: Bellew, Cassandra Ann
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Hazardous waste site remediation
Environmental protection
Environmental policy
Environmental management
Hazardous waste sites

description: Efforts to remediate contaminated sites are still a relatively new practice in the world of planning, policy and architecture; particularly in the United States. Remediation programs and policies currently in place create a flexible but chaotic system, which can seem off-putting to developers, due to its complexity and cost. This complexity stems from the fact that the process encompasses a broad range of sites; ranging in size, use and contamination level. To respond to this variation the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) provides many different types of funding options, as well as technical/educational training through its Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA), also known as the Superfund Act. This Thesis is an attempt to investigate the differences of remediation policies and techniques across the United States in order to understand what conditions facilitate the efficiency of remediation and reuse in a location. This study design has three parts: first, a comparative analysis of the proportion of Superfund sites by state; second, a comparative analysis of the proportion of sites by county within two selected states; and third, a case study analysis of selected sites from selected counties. Research involved secondary data analysis using the Superfund site database, CERCLIS, and population data from the 2010 US Census, resulting in the selection of New York and Texas, and their respective counties, for further analysis. In addition, site visits and documentation were done in New York and Texas. EPA officials, project managers and community leaders were interviewed in order to gain perspective on how remediation is undertaken and how reuse plays a part in the process. Recommendations are made to the EPA, as well as state and local governments, on how to craft better policies and programs in order to improve a site’s chances of being reused.
Reply to Comment on ``Electron Mass Operator in a Strong Magnetic Field and Dynamical Chiral Symmetry Breaking''
Creators: name: Kuznetsov, A. V.
name: Mikheev, N. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is our reply to comment (hep-ph/0206289) on our paper [Phys. Rev. Lett. 89 (2002) 011601].
description: 1 page, REVTEX4
Leucas martinicensis R. Br.
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Lamiaceae
Leucas
Leucas martinicensis

description: Leucas martinicensis (Jacq.) R.Br.  —
Habit: Herb.
Habitat: LMDF; up to 2 800 m. Distribution: I.
 Voucher: Sirimon Track, Alt. 2 752 m, 16 Mar. 2009, Kirika et al. KMK39 (EA).
References: Fries & Fries (1930b), Bussmann (1994), Bussmann & Beck (1995a), Agnew (2013).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 86, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
One-Component Order Parameter in URu$_2$Si$_2$ Uncovered by Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy and Machine Learning
Creators: name: Ghosh, Sayak
name: Matty, Michael
name: Baumbach, Ryan
name: Bauer, Eric D.
name: Modic, K. A.
name: Shekhter, Arkady
name: Mydosh, J. A.
name: Kim, Eun-Ah
name: Ramshaw, B. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The unusual correlated state that emerges in URu$_2$Si$_2$ below T$_{HO}$ = 17.5 K is known as "hidden order" because even basic characteristics of the order parameter, such as its dimensionality (whether it has one component or two), are "hidden". We use resonant ultrasound spectroscopy to measure the symmetry-resolved elastic anomalies across T$_{HO}$. We observe no anomalies in the shear elastic moduli, providing strong thermodynamic evidence for a one-component order parameter. We develop a machine learning framework that reaches this conclusion directly from the raw data, even in a crystal that is too small for traditional resonant ultrasound. Our result rules out a broad class of theories of hidden order based on two-component order parameters, and constrains the nature of the fluctuations from which unconventional superconductivity emerges at lower temperature. Our machine learning framework is a powerful new tool for classifying the ubiquitous competing orders in correlated electron systems.
Global Stability Properties of the Climate: Melancholia States, Invariant Measures, and Phase Transitions
Creators: name: Lucarini, Valerio
name: Bodai, Tamas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 6U05, 82C26, 60Gxx, 37D45, 85A20, 76E20

description: For a wide range of values of the incoming solar radiation, the Earth features at least two attracting states, which correspond to competing climates. The warm climate is analogous to the present one; the snowball climate features global glaciation and conditions that can hardly support life forms. Paleoclimatic evidences suggest that in the past our planet flipped between these two states. The main physical mechanism responsible for such an instability is the ice-albedo feedback. In a previous work, we defined the Melancholia states that sit between the two climates. Such states are embedded in the boundaries between the two basins of attraction and feature extensive glaciation down to relatively low latitudes. Here, we explore the global stability properties of the system by introducing random perturbations as modulations to the intensity of the incoming solar radiation. We observe noise-induced transitions between the competing basins of attraction. In the weak noise limit, large deviation laws define the invariant measure, the statistics of escape times, and typical escape paths called instantons. By constructing the instantons empirically, we show that the Melancholia states are the gateways for the noise-induced transitions. In the region of multistability, in the zero-noise limit, the measure is supported only on one of the competing attractors. For low (high) values of the solar irradiance, the limit measure is the snowball (warm) climate. The changeover between the two regimes corresponds to a first-order phase transition in the system. The framework we propose seems of general relevance for the study of complex multistable systems. Finally, we put forward a new method for constructing Melancholia states from direct numerical simulations, black which provides a possible alternative with respect to the edge-tracking algorithm.
description: 48 Pages, 10 Figures
Supernovae Feedback in Galaxy Formation
Creators: Li, Miao
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Astrophysics
Astronomy
Galaxies--Formation
Supernovae

description: Feedback -- from stars and supermassive black holes -- is the bottleneck of our understanding on galaxy formation: it is likely to be critical, but neither the working mechanism nor the impact is clear. Supernovae (SNe), the dominant feedback force associated with stars, is the subject of this thesis. We use high-resolution, 3D hydrodynamic simulations to study: (i) how a SN blast wave imparts energy to a multiphase ISM; (ii) how multiple SNe regulate a multiphase ISM; (iii) how SNe drive galactic outflows. We focus on better understanding the physics, quantifying the impacts, and testing the simulations against observations.
The Bell inequalities: identifying what is testable and what is not
Creators: name: Sica, Louis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Bell inequalities in three and four correlations are re-derived in general forms showing that three and four data sets, respectively, identically satisfy them regardless of whether they are random, deterministic, measured, predicted, or some combination of these. The Bell inequality applicable to data is thus a purely mathematical result independent of experimental test. Correlations of simultaneously cross-correlated variable pairs do not in general all have the same form, and vary with the physical system considered and its experimental configuration. It is the form of correlations of associated data sets that may be tested, and not whether they satisfy the Bell inequality. In the case of pairs of spins or photons, a third measured or predicted value requires a different experimental setup or predictive computation than is used to obtain data from pairs alone. This is due to the quantum non-commutation of spin and photon measurements when there is more than one per particle of a pair. The Wigner inequality for probabilities, with different probabilities for different variable pairs, may be obtained from the four variable Bell inequality under a simple symmetry condition. Neither the probability or correlation inequality is violated by correlations computed from quantum probabilities based on non-commutation.
description: 16 pages, 2figure. A second figure has been added. Article has been re-titled, lengthened and revised to deal with controversial issues
title: Solanum linnaeanum Hepper & P.-M. L. Jaeger
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Digitale Pflanzenbilder: Sammlung Dietmar Brandes
subject: 580

description: Digitale Pflanzenbilder: Sammlung Dietmar Brandes
Superblocks in Beijing: a Survey Centric Study for the Feasibility of Opening Up Superblocks and Other Potential Solutions to Alleviate Their Problems
Creators: Zhou, Huitian
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: City blocks
Urbanization
City planning

description: Over the past decade, China has witnessed the most rapid urban expansion and urbanization process the world has ever seen. The process is especially pronounced in Beijing, the capital city and the cultural, political center of China. Along with the urbanization process, the city faces problems that are hard to rectify. These problems possess significant damages to the well-being of the city dwellers and raise challenges for the future development of the city. One of those problems is the widespread superblocks that have become the predominant form of the cityscape. This model of neighborhood development has been criticized for its auto-centric nature, its environmental impact, and its correlation with traffic congestion (needs citation here) . While the idea of the sustainable and smart city spreads across the world, recently, Chinese government have taken measures to redirect the current planning practice and directions. After holding the Central Urban Work Conference and gathering the opinions of designers, architects, and government officials, the China’s State Council published guidelines and recommendations to alleviate the problems brought by the urbanization. However, there was a lack of opinion collections from people, especially the residents of the superblocks .
This thesis therefore not only examines the new goals that are pertinent to superblocks development, especially the part related to opening up the existing superblocks, but also focuses on residents’ perception by performing survey data analysis. The thesis asks the following questions: is opening up superblocks a feasible solution in the residents’ perspectives? What are their preferences toward superblocks? What other measures can be taken in order to alleviate the problems cause by superblocks?
The thesis starts by analyzing the reasons behind superblocks’ formation. In order to answer the aforementioned questions, a survey was conducted in Beijing in January 2017 to collect information and opinions from residents of superblocks. The survey results were compiled into a dataset for research and analysis. In the end, using data and the results obtained through the analysis, a set of recommendations were presented, focusing on measures of alleviating the problems in the existing superblock neighborhoods.
Leucas masaiensis Oliv.
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Lamiaceae
Leucas
Leucas masaiensis

description: Leucas masaiensis Oliv.  —
Habit: Herb.
Habitat: LMDF; up to 3 200 m. Distribution: IIIa.
Voucher: N/A.
Reference: Agnew (2013).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 86, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
Thermal Entanglement Phase Transition in Coupled Harmonic Oscillators with Arbitrary Time-Dependent Frequencies
Creators: name: Park, DaeKil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive explicitly the thermal state of the two coupled harmonic oscillator system when the spring and coupling constants are arbitrarily time-dependent. In particular, we focus on the case of sudden change of frequencies. In this case we compute purity function, Rényi and von Neumann entropies, and mutual information analytically and examine their temperature-dependence. We also discuss on the thermal entanglement phase transition by making use of the negativity-like quantity. Our calculation shows that the critical temperature $T_c$ increases with increasing the difference between the initial and final frequencies. In this way we can protect the entanglement against the external temperature by introducing large difference of initial and final frequencies.
description: 13 pages, 6 eps figures V2: 25 pages, 11 pdf figures, extended to the case of arbitrary time-dependent frequencies, title, abstract, format are changed V3: 26 pages, will appear in QIP
Returning the Wolf to the Northwest
Creators: name: Davison, Cecil W.
name: Davison, Cecil W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Land Economics/Use
Livestock Production/Industries

description: The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service began reintroducing wolves to the wilderness areas of Yellowstone National Park and central Idaho in 1995. Based on the experiences of other areas and surveys of recreational users, increased visitor expenditures are expected to accrue to nearby communities as wolf populations are recovered. Decreased expenditures by hunters and increased livestock losses by ranchers may be more than offset by increased visitor expenditures, according to U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service estimates.
Lattice Boltzmann simulations of three-dimensional single droplet deformation and breakup under simple shear flow
Creators: name: Xi, Haowen
name: Duncan, Comer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present three-dimensional numerical simulations of the classical Taylor experiment on droplet deformation within a shear flow. We have used the promising Lattice-Boltzmann method numerical scheme to simulate single droplet deformation and breakup under simple shear flow. We first compute the deformation of the droplet and find excellent agreement with the theoretical prediction. We have used the same method to simulate the shear and breakup for larger values of the shear rate. We find that the Lattice Boltzmann method used in conjunction with the interface force model of Shan and Chen results in an excellent treatment of the entire process from small deformation to breakup into multiple droplets. Our results could be extended to study the rheology of dispersed droplets and the dynamics of droplet breakup and coalescence in shear flow.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures
The market, the state and satisfaction with democracy
Creators: name: Nadeau, Richard
name: Jean-François Daoust
name: Arel-Bundock, Vincent
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Satisfaction with democracy is driven by the two mechanisms that affect citizens’ income: the market and the state. When people consider that the levels of economic growth and redistribution are sufficient, they are more satisfied with the performance of democratic institutions. This relationship is moderated by personal income: since low-income citizens are more sensitive to changes in personal economic circumstances than high-income citizens, they give more weight to economic perceptions and opinions about redistribution. In this paper evidence is found of this conditional relationship in survey data from 16 established democracies. The results offer a rich characterisation of the state and market-based mechanisms that affect satisfaction with democracy.
Supply Chain and Service Operations with Demand-Side Flexibility
Creators: Zhou, Yeqing
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Operations research
Electronic commerce
Consumption (Economics)
Consumers--Attitudes--Research
Supply and demand
Social distance
COVID-19 (Disease)--Social aspects
Elevators
Queuing theory

description: In this thesis, we consider improving supply chain and service systems through demand-side management. In Chapters 1 and 2, we focus on a new notion of flexibility that has emerged in e-commerce called consumer flexibility. Motivated by the fact that some customers may willingly provide flexibility on which product or service they receive in exchange for a reward, firms can design flexible options to leverage this consumer flexibility for significant benefit in their operations. In Chapter 1, we consider the context of online retailing where consumer flexibility can be realized through opaque selling, where some specific attributes of the products are not revealed to the customer until after purchase. In Chapter 2, we focus on the context of online booking systems for scheduled services where consumer flexibility can be realized through large time windows. The main findings are on the power of limited flexibility using simple flexible options with just a small fraction of customers willing to be flexible. In Chapter 3, we study the issue of congested elevator queuing systems due to the requirement of social distancing during a pandemic. We propose simple interventions for safely managing the elevator queues, which require no programming of the elevator system and only manage passenger behaviors. The key idea is to explicitly or implicitly group passengers going to the same or nearby floor into the same elevator as much as possible. Simulations and stability analysis show that our proposed interventions significantly reduce queue length and wait time.
High temperature fermentations and thermotolerant yeast species in the brewing scene
Creators: name: Theodhoros Doka
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In this thesis the effects of high temperatures on fermentation characteristics, as well as the use of thermotolerant yeasts in brewing are investigated. Specifically, the effects of high temperatures on yeast growth and fermentation rate are examined and the characteristics of the products produced at high temperature fermentations are analyzed. Signal transduction pathways involving reactive oxygen species as second messengers seem to participate in the decrease of yeast growth rate at supraoptimal temperatures, while ethanol, lactic acid and acetic acid are described as ‘escape valves’ for the yeast cells. Oxidative stress is linked to thermal stress. Furthermore, the effects of high fermentation temperatures on the production of volatile compounds during fermentation are overviewed. Esters’ and higher alcohols’ levels increase with the temperature and the promoted expression of specific genes which are involved in their production is the reason for that. Furthermore, diacetyl forms sharper peaks at high fermentation temperatures, which coincides with decreased maturation times. Acetaldehyde levels depend mainly on the availability of NADH and there is not a clear connection between their levels in beer and fermentation temperature. The brewing characteristics of several thermotolerant yeasts are analyzed. These yeasts come from the wine industry, the distilleries and bioethanol production sectors or from farmhouse ales, including Norwegian Kveik. Several Kveik yeasts have mutations at the CDC25 gene which has been found to increase thermotolerance. Novel products made with these yeasts are suggested and they include low alcohol beers with Brettanomyces, low alcohol beers and Lambics with Lachancea thermotolerans, hard seltzers with whisky strains and high gravity brewing with Kveik. The operational challenges and the benefits associated with high fermentation temperatures are stated. Thermotolerant yeasts can significantly decrease fermentation times and save at least 100,000 hL/year for a brewery with an annual production capacity of 5 million hL/year. Finally, a SWOT analysis is included for five of the articles that were used in this thesis to assess their quality, explore their strengths and weaknesses, and reveal their potential for new, more comprehensive, research projects. Most of the novel product ideas are contained in the SWOT analysis.
Leucas volkensii var. parviflora Sebald
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Lamiaceae
Leucas
Leucas volkensii
Leucas volkensii gürke var. parviflora sebald

description: Leucas volkensii Gürke var. parviflora Sebald  —
Habit: Herb.
Habitat: LMWF, LMDF; 1 900–2 000 m. Distribution: IIIa.
 Voucher: Mount Kenya, Jul. 1934, Porter 32371 (EA).
 References: Bussmann (1993, 1994), Bussmann & Beck (1998), Paton et al. (2009).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 86, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
Harmonic Stability of Standing Water Waves
Creators: name: Wilkening, Jon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 76B15, 76B07, 37K45, 37G15, 65M70

description: A numerical method is developed to study the stability of standing water waves and other time-periodic solutions of the free-surface Euler equations using Floquet theory. A Fourier truncation of the monodromy operator is computed by solving the linearized Euler equations about the standing wave with initial conditions ranging over all Fourier modes up to a given wave number. The eigenvalues of the truncated monodromy operator are computed and ordered by the mean wave number of the corresponding eigenfunctions, which we introduce as a method of retaining only accurately computed Floquet multipliers. The mean wave number matches up with analytical results for the zero-amplitude standing wave and is helpful in identifying which Floquet multipliers collide and leave the unit circle to form unstable eigenmodes or rejoin the unit circle to regain stability. For standing waves in deep water, most waves with crest acceleration below $A_c=0.889$ are found to be linearly stable to harmonic perturbations; however, we find several bubbles of instability at lower values of $A_c$ that have not been reported previously in the literature. We also study the stability of several new or recently discovered time-periodic gravity-capillary or gravity waves in deep or shallow water, finding several examples of large-amplitude waves that are stable to harmonic perturbations and others that are not. A new method of matching the Floquet multipliers of two nearby standing waves by solving a linear assignment problem is also proposed to track individual eigenvalues via homotopy from the zero-amplitude state to large-amplitude standing waves.
description: 38 pages, 16 figures
Hua type integrals over unitary groups and over projective limits of unitary groups
Creators: name: Neretin, Yurii A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We discuss some natural maps from a unitary group U(n) to a smaller group U(n-m) (these maps are versions of the Livshic characteristic function). We calculate explicitly the direct images of the Haar measure under some maps. We evaluate some matrix integrals over classical groups and some symmetric spaces (values of the integrals are products of Gamma-functions). These integrals generalize Hua Loo Keng integrals. We construct inverse limits of unitary groups equipped with analogues of the Haar measure and evaluate some integrals over these inverse limits.
description: 20 pages; the final version; evaluation of some normalizing constants is added