cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Detection of weak forces based on noise-activated switching in bistable optomechanical systems
Creators: name: Aldana, Samuel
name: Bruder, Christoph
name: Nunnenkamp, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose to use cavity optomechanical systems in the regime of optical bistability for the detection of weak harmonic forces. Due to the optomechanical coupling an external force on the mechanical oscillator modulates the resonance frequency of the cavity and consequently the switching rates between the two bistable branches. A large difference in the cavity output fields then leads to a strongly amplified homodyne signal. We determine the switching rates as a function of the cavity detuning from extensive numerical simulations of the stochastic master equation as appropriate for continuous homodyne detection. We develop a two-state rate equation model that quantitatively describes the slow switching dynamics. This model is solved analytically in the presence of a weak harmonic force to obtain approximate expressions for the power gain and signal-to-noise ratio that we then compare to force detection with an optomechanical system in the linear regime.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
The role of GABAA receptors in the acute and chronic effects of ethanol: a decade of progress
Creators: name: Kumar, Sandeep
name: Diaz-Granados, Jaime L.
name: Matthews, Douglas B.
name: Porcu, Patrizia
name: Morrow, A. Leslie
name: Werner, David F.
name: Helfand, Rebecca S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The past decade has brought many advances in our understanding of GABAA receptor-mediated ethanol action in the central nervous system. We now know that specific GABAA receptor subtypes are sensitive to ethanol at doses attained during social drinking while other subtypes respond to ethanol at doses attained by severe intoxication. Furthermore, ethanol increases GABAergic neurotransmission through indirect effects, including the elevation of endogenous GABAergic neuroactive steroids, presynaptic release of GABA, and dephosphorylation of GABAA receptors promoting increases in GABA sensitivity. Ethanol’s effects on intracellular signaling also influence GABAergic transmission in multiple ways that vary across brain regions and cell types. The effects of chronic ethanol administration are influenced by adaptations in GABAA receptor function, expression, trafficking, and subcellular localization that contribute to ethanol tolerance, dependence, and withdrawal hyperexcitability. Adolescents exhibit altered sensitivity to ethanol actions, the tendency for higher drinking and longer lasting GABAergic adaptations to chronic ethanol administration. The elucidation of the mechanisms that underlie adaptations to ethanol exposure are leading to a better understanding of the regulation of inhibitory transmission and new targets for therapies to support recovery from ethanol withdrawal and alcoholism.
Diatomic-py: A python module for calculating the rotational and hyperfine structure of $^1Σ$ molecules
Creators: name: Blackmore, Jacob A.
name: Gregory, Philip D.
name: Hutson, Jeremy M.
name: Cornish, Simon L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a computer program to calculate the quantised rotational and hyperfine energy levels of $^{1}Σ$ diatomic molecules in the presence of dc electric, dc magnetic, and off-resonant optical fields. Our program is applicable to the bialkali molecules used in ongoing state-of-the-art experiments with ultracold molecular gases. We include functions for the calculation of space-fixed electric dipole moments, magnetic moments and transition dipole moments.
Electron power absorption in capacitively coupled neon-oxygen plasmas: a comparison of experimental and computational results
Creators: name: Derzsi, A.
name: Hartmann, P.
name: Vass, M.
name: Horváth, B.
name: Gyulai, M.
name: Korolov, I.
name: Schulze, J.
name: Donkó, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phase Resolved Optical Emission Spectroscopy (PROES) measurements combined with 1d3v Particle-in-Cell/Monte Carlo Collisions (PIC/MCC) simulations are used to study the electron power absorption and excitation/ionization dynamics in capacitively coupled plasmas (CCPs) in mixtures of neon and oxygen gases. The study is performed for a geometrically symmetric CCP reactor with a gap length of 2.5 cm at a driving frequency of 10~MHz and a peak-to-peak voltage of 350 V. The pressure of the gas mixture is varied between 15 Pa and 500 Pa, while the neon/oxygen concentration is tuned between 10% and 90%. For all discharge conditions, the spatio-temporal distribution of the electron-impact excitation rate from the Ne ground state into the Ne $\rm{2p^53p_0}$ state measured by PROES and obtained from PIC/MCC simulations show good qualitative agreement. Based on the emission/excitation patterns, multiple operation regimes are identified. Localized bright emission features at the bulk boundaries, caused by local maxima in the electronegativity are found at high pressures and high O$_2$ concentrations. The relative contributions of the ambipolar and the Ohmic electron power absorption are found to vary strongly with the discharge parameters: the Ohmic power absorption is enhanced by both the high collisionality at high pressures and the high electronegativity at low pressures. In the wide parameter regime covered in this study, the PROES measurements are found to accurately represent the ionization dynamics, i.e., the discharge operation mode. This work represents also a successful experimental validation of the discharge model developed for neon-oxygen CCPs.
description: 34 pages, 16 figures
Higher Derivative Corrections to Manifestly Supersymmetric Nonlinear Realizations
Creators: name: Nitta, Muneto
name: Sasaki, Shin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When global symmetries are spontaneously broken in supersymmetric vacua, there appear quasi-Nambu-Goldstone (NG) fermions as superpartners of NG bosons. In addition to these, there can appear quasi-NG bosons in general. The quasi-NG bosons and fermions together with the NG bosons are organized into chiral multiplets. Kähler potentials of low-energy effective theories were constructed some years ago as supersymmetric nonlinear realizations. It is known that higher derivative terms in the superfield formalism often encounter with the auxiliary field problem; the auxiliary fields are acted by space-time derivatives and cannot be eliminated. In this paper, we construct higher derivative corrections to supersymmetric nonlinear realizations in the off-shell superfield formalism free from the auxiliary field problem. As an example, we present manifestly supersymmetric chiral Lagrangian.
description: 31 pages, one figure, references added, published version
Specifying and Executing Optimizations for Parallel Programs
Creators: name: Mansky, William
name: Griffith, Dennis
name: Gunter, Elsa L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Compiler optimizations, usually expressed as rewrites on program graphs, are a core part of all modern compilers. However, even production compilers have bugs, and these bugs are difficult to detect and resolve. The problem only becomes more complex when compiling parallel programs; from the choice of graph representation to the possibility of race conditions, optimization designers have a range of factors to consider that do not appear when dealing with single-threaded programs. In this paper we present PTRANS, a domain-specific language for formal specification of compiler transformations, and describe its executable semantics. The fundamental approach of PTRANS is to describe program transformations as rewrites on control flow graphs with temporal logic side conditions. The syntax of PTRANS allows cleaner, more comprehensible specification of program optimizations; its executable semantics allows these specifications to act as prototypes for the optimizations themselves, so that candidate optimizations can be tested and refined before going on to include them in a compiler. We demonstrate the use of PTRANS to state, test, and refine the specification of a redundant store elimination optimization on parallel programs.
description: In Proceedings GRAPHITE 2014, arXiv:1407.7671
Calculatoin and experimental study of the retracting force for magnetic spring of two types
Creators: name: Tsivilitsin, V.
name: Milman, Yu.
name: Goncharuk, V.
name: Bondar, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Designs for magnetic springs of two types have been proposed, and the methods of calculation of their retracting forces have been developed. Formulas are obtained for the retracting force in the main section of spring force characteristics. Experimental data are in good agreement with the results of theoretical calculations. The force characteristics of the proposed magnetic spring constructions can be varied for a specific application. The derived formulas are verified experimentally. Ways to change the force characteristics of magnetic springs according to specific requirements are demonstrated.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Realizing broadband electromagnetic transparency with a graded-permittivity sphere
Creators: name: Sun, Lei
name: Gao, Jie
name: Yang, Xiaodong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Broadband electromagnetic transparency phenomenon is realized with a well-designed graded-permittivity sphere, which has an extremely low scattering cross section over a wide frequency range, based on the generalized Mie scattering theory and numerical simulation in full-wave condition. The dynamic polarization cancellation is revealed by studying the variation of the polarization with respect to the frequency. Furthermore, a properly-designed multi-shell sphere is also proposed and examined in order to reduce the rigorous conditions for realizing the broadband transparency in experiments.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
Chiral effects in classical spinning gas
Creators: name: Bubenchikov, M. A.
name: Kaparulin, D. S.
name: Nosyrev, O. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a statistical mechanics of rotating ideal gas consisting of classical non-relativistic spinning particles. The microscopic structure elements of the system are massive point particles with a nonzero proper angular momentum. The norm of proper angular momentum is determined by spin. The direction of proper angular momentum changes continuously. Applying the Gibbs canonical formalism for the rotating system, we construct the one-particle distribution function, generalising the usual Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, and the partition function of the system. The model demonstrates a set of chiral effects caused by interaction of spin and macroscopic rotation, including the change of entropy, heat capacity, chemical potential and angular momentum.
description: 21 page
Field-free spin-orbit torque switching enabled by interlayer Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction
Creators: name: He, Wenqing
name: Wan, Caihua
name: Zheng, Cuixiu
name: Wang, Yizhan
name: Wang, Xiao
name: Ma, Tianyi
name: Wang, Yuqiang
name: Guo, Chenyang
name: Luo, Xuming
name: Stebliy, Maksim. E.
name: Yu, Guoqiang
name: Liu, Yaowen
name: Ognev, Alexey V.
name: Samardak, Alexander S.
name: Han, Xiufeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Perpendicularly magnetized structures that are switchable using a spin current under field-free conditions can potentially be applied in spin-orbit torque magnetic random-access memory(SOT-MRAM).Several structures have been developed;however,new structures with a simple stack structure and MRAM compatibility are urgently needed.Herein,a typical structure in a perpendicular spin-transfer torque MRAM,the Pt/Co multilayer and its synthetic antiferromagnetic counterpart with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, was observed to possess an intrinsic interlayer chiral interaction between neighboring magnetic layers,namely the interlayer Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) effect. Furthermore, using a current parallel to the eigenvector of the interlayer DMI, we switched the perpendicular magnetization of both structures without a magnetic field, owing to the additional symmetry-breaking introduced by the interlayer DMI. This SOT switching scheme realized in the Pt/Co multilayer and its synthetic antiferromagnet structure may open a new avenue toward practical perpendicular SOT-MRAM and other SOT devices.
Variational Depth from Focus Reconstruction
Creators: name: Moeller, Michael
name: Benning, Martin
name: Schönlieb, Carola
name: Cremers, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper deals with the problem of reconstructing a depth map from a sequence of differently focused images, also known as depth from focus or shape from focus. We propose to state the depth from focus problem as a variational problem including a smooth but nonconvex data fidelity term, and a convex nonsmooth regularization, which makes the method robust to noise and leads to more realistic depth maps. Additionally, we propose to solve the nonconvex minimization problem with a linearized alternating directions method of multipliers (ADMM), allowing to minimize the energy very efficiently. A numerical comparison to classical methods on simulated as well as on real data is presented.
Causal completions as Lorentzian pre-length spaces
Creators: name: Hau, L. Ake
name: Burgos, Saul
name: Solis, Didier A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53C23, 53C50, 83C90

description: In this work we revisit the notion of the (future) causal completion of a globally hyperbolic spacetime and endow it with the structure of a Lorentzian pre-length space. We further carry out this construction for a certain class of generalized Robertson-Walker spacetimes.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures
Attentional bias toward cigarette cues in active smokers
Creators: name: Chanon, Vicki W.
name: Sours, Chandler R.
name: Boettiger, Charlotte A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: While it is well documented that substance users exhibit attentional bias toward addiction-related stimuli, the exact mechanism remains unclear.
Higher-order exceptional point in a blue-detuned non-Hermitian cavity optomechanical system
Creators: name: Xiong, Wei
name: Li, Zhuanxia
name: Zhang, Guo-Qiang
name: Wang, Mingfeng
name: Li, Hai-Chao
name: Luo, Xiao-Qing
name: Chen, Jianjiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Higher-order exceptional points (EPs) in non-Hermitian systems have attracted great interest due to their advantages in sensitive enhancement and distinct topological features. However, realization of such EPs is still challenged because more fine-tuning parameters is generically required in quantum systems, compared to the second-order EP (EP2). Here, we propose a non-Hermitian three-mode optomechanical system in the blue-sideband regime for predicting the third-order EP (EP3). By deriving the pseudo-Hermitian condition for the proposed system, one cavity with loss and the other one with gain must be required. Then we show EP3 or EP2 can be observed when the mechanical resonator (MR) is neutral, loss or gain. For the neutral MR, we find both two degenerate or two non-degenerate EP3s can be predicted by tuning system parameters in the parameter space, while four non-degenerate EP2s can be observed when the system parameters derivate from EP3s, which is distinguished from the previous study in the red-detuned optomechanical system. For the gain (loss) MR, we find only two degenerate EP3s or EP2s can be predicted by tuning enhanced coupling strength. Our proposal provides a potential way to predict higher-order EPs or multiple EP2s and study multimode quantum squeezing around EPs using the blue-detuned non-Hermitian optomechanical systems.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
Graph Transformation Planning via Abstraction
Creators: name: Ziegert, Steffen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Modern software systems increasingly incorporate self-* behavior to adapt to changes in the environment at runtime. Such adaptations often involve reconfiguring the software architecture of the system. Many systems also need to manage their architecture themselves, i.e., they need a planning component to autonomously decide which reconfigurations to execute to reach a desired target configuration. For the specification of reconfigurations, we employ graph transformations systems (GTS) due to the close relation of graphs and UML object diagrams. We solve the resulting planning problems with a planning system that works directly on a GTS. It features a domain-independent heuristic that uses the solution length of an abstraction of the original problem as an estimate. Finally, we provide experimental results on two different domains, which confirm that our heuristic performs better than another domain-independent heuristic which resembles heuristics employed in related work.
description: In Proceedings GRAPHITE 2014, arXiv:1407.7671
The breakdown of current gyrochronology as evidenced by old coeval stars
Creators: name: Godoy-Rivera, Diego
name: Silva-Beyer, Joaquín
name: Chanamé, Julio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Gyrochronology can yield useful ages for field main-sequence stars, a regime where other techniques are problematic. Typically, gyrochronology relations are calibrated using young (2 Gyr) clusters, but the constraints at older ages are scarce, making them potentially inaccurate and imprecise. In order to test the performance of existing relations, we construct samples of stellar pairs with coeval components, for a range of ages and with available rotation periods. These include randomly paired stars in clusters, and wide binaries in the Kepler field. We design indicators that, based on the expectations from gyrochronology, quantify the (dis)agreement between the coeval pairs and the gyrochronology calibrations under scrutiny. Our results show that wide binaries and cluster members are in better concordance with gyrochronology than samples of randomly paired field stars, confirming that the relations have predicting power. However, the agreement with the examined relations decreases for older stars, revealing a degradation of the examined relations with age, in agreement with recent works. This highlights the need for novel empirical constraints at older ages that may allow revised calibrations. Our test is independent of any specific age-rotation relation, and it can be used to evaluate future spin-down models. In addition, taking gyrochronology at face value, our results provide new empirical evidence that the components of field wide binaries are indeed coeval.
Effects of chronic and intermittent cocaine treatment on dominance, aggression, and oxytocin levels in post-lactational rats
Creators: name: McMurray, Matthew S.
name: Williams, Sarah K.
name: Jarrett, Thomas M.
name: Cox, Elizabeth T.
name: Joyner, Paul W.
name: Walker, Cheryl H.
name: Black, Mitchell A.
name: Johns, Josephine M.
name: Middleton, Christopher L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Little is known about mechanisms underlying female rodent aggression during the late postpartum period with no pups present. Studies of aggression, dominance, and oxytocin (OT) response in cocaine-treated females are sparse.
Role of kappa-opioid receptors in the effects of salvinorin A and ketamine on attention in rats
Creators: name: Cohen, Bruce M.
name: Nemeth, Christina L.
name: Paine, Tracie A.
name: Carroll, F. Ivy
name: Béguin, Cécile
name: Rittiner, Joseph E.
name: Carlezon, William A.
name: Roth, Bryan L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Disruptions in perception and cognition are characteristic of psychiatric conditions such as schizophrenia. Studies of pharmacological agents that alter perception and cognition in humans might provide a better understanding of the brain substrates of these complex processes. One way to study these states in rodents is with tests that require attention and visual perception for correct performance.
Rigidity of Proper Holomorphic Self-mappings of the Pentablock
Creators: name: Su, Guicong
name: Tu, Zhenhan
name: Wang, Lei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The pentablock is a Hartogs domain over the symmetrized bidisc. The domain is a bounded inhomogeneous pseudoconvex domain, and does not have a $\mathcal{C}^{1}$ boundary. Recently, Agler-Lykova-Young constructed a special subgroup of the group of holomorphic automorphisms of the pentablock, and Kosiński completely described the group of holomorphic automorphisms of the pentablock. The purpose of this paper is to prove that any proper holomorphic self-mapping of the pentablock must be an automorphism.
description: 10 pages. To appear in Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1403.1960 and arXiv:1403.5214 by other authors
Kepler meets Gaia: Binary systems, color-magnitude diagram, and kinematic analysis
Creators: name: Godoy-Rivera, Diego
name: Mathur, Savita
name: García, Rafael A.
name: Chanamé, Julio
name: Pinsonneault, Marc
name: Santos, Ângela R. G.
name: Beck, Paul G.
name: Grossmann, Desmond
name: Schimak, Lea
name: Bedell, Megan
name: Merc, Jaroslav
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The Kepler mission has delivered unprecedented high-quality photometry. These data have impacted numerous research fields including Galactic studies, asteroseismology, and exoplanets, and continue to be an astrophysical gold mine to this day. Because of this, thorough investigations of the ∼200,000 stars observed by Kepler remain of paramount importance. In this work, we present three aspects of a state-of-the-art characterization of the Kepler targets based on Gaia DR3. First, we report several categories of candidate binary systems spanning a range of detection methods, such as Renormalised Unit Weight Error (RUWE), radial-velocity variables, Gaia non-single stars (NSS), and eclipsing binaries. Second, we investigate the color-magnitude diagram (CMD), and classify stars into several CMD categories (dwarfs, subgiants, red giants, among others). Third, we use the Gaia DR3 astrometry to perform a detailed kinematic analysis. We classify the Kepler-field stars according to different Galactic components (thin disk, thick disk, halo), and approximately triple the sample size of previous works. We explore the role of their Galactic population membership in properties such as stellar rotation, asteroseismic ages, and chemical composition. Our multi-dimensional analysis will constitute a valuable resource for future research on the Kepler stars and their planets, and highlights the capabilities of combining the Gaia data with photometric missions such as TESS and the upcoming PLATO.
title: Dabi ou la fille qui ne voulait parler à personne
title: Dabi
Creators: name: Leguy, Cécile
Publisher: name: Pangloss
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Linguistique
subject: Boomu

description: Chanté, accompagné à la harpe-luth à huit cordes (ʼuanni). Un accompagnateur frappe en rythme sur la caisse de résonnance de l’instrument, mais ne parle pas.
A tower of hidden sectors: a general treatment and physics implications
Creators: name: Aboubrahim, Amin
name: Nath, Pran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An analysis of a tower of hidden sectors coupled to each other, with one of these hidden sectors coupled to the visible sector, is given and the implications of such couplings on physics in the visible sector are investigated. Thus the analysis considers $n$ number of hidden sectors where the visible sector couples only to hidden sector 1, while the latter couples also to hidden sector 2, and the hidden sector 2 couples to hidden sector 3 and so on. A set of successively feeble couplings of the hidden sectors to the visible sector are generated in such a set up. In general each of these sectors live in a different heat bath. We develop a closed form set of coupled Boltzmann equations for the correlated evolution of the temperatures and number densities of each of the heat baths. We then apply the formalism to a simplified model with scalar portals between the different sectors. Predictions related to dark matter direct detection experiments and future CMB probes of dark radiation are made.
description: 27 pages, 9 figures. Accepted for publication in JHEP
Effects of morphine on pain-elicited and pain-suppressed behavior in CB1 knockout and wildtype mice
Creators: name: Schmidt, Karl T.
name: Dykstra, Linda A.
name: Picker, Mitchell J.
name: Miller, Laurence L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Pharmacological manipulations of the type 1 cannabinoid receptor (CB1) suggest a role for CB1 in morphine-induced antinociception, but studies utilizing CB1 knockout (KO) mice do not support this conclusion. Since studies using CB1 KO mice to study morphine’s antinociceptive effects have only examined thermal nociception, this study examines these interactions in models that employ a chemical stimulus.
Age modulates the effect of COMT genotype on delay discounting behavior
Creators: name: Boettiger, Charlotte A.
name: Smith, Christopher T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: A form of impulsivity, the tendency to choose immediate over delayed rewards (delay-discounting) has been associated with a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene (COMTval158met; rs4680). However, existing data regarding the nature of this association conflicts. We have previously reported that adults homozygous for valine (val) at the COMTval158met SNP demonstrate greater delay-discounting than do methionine (met) allele carriers (Boettiger et al. 2007). In contrast, a recent study of adolescent males found that those with the met/met genotype demonstrate greater delay-discounting than do val-allele carriers (Paloyelis et al. 2010). Based on reported age-related changes in frontal dopamine function and COMT expression, we hypothesized that the association of COMT genotype with delay-discounting behavior is modulated by age from late adolescence to young adulthood.
Cue-elicited heart rate variability and attentional bias predict alcohol relapse following treatment
Creators: name: Franken, Ingmar H. A.
name: Garland, Eric L.
name: Howard, Matthew O.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Identification of malleable neurocognitive predictors of relapse among alcohol dependent individuals is important for the optimization of health care delivery and clinical services.
Application of multilayer perceptron with data augmentation in nuclear physics
Creators: name: Bahtiyar, Hüseyin
name: Soydaner, Derya
name: Yüksel, Esra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neural networks have become popular in many fields of science since they serve as promising, reliable and powerful tools. In this work, we study the effect of data augmentation on the predictive power of neural network models for nuclear physics data. We present two different data augmentation techniques, and we conduct a detailed analysis in terms of different depths, optimizers, activation functions and random seed values to show the success and robustness of the model. Using the experimental uncertainties for data augmentation for the first time, the size of the training data set is artificially boosted and the changes in the root-mean-square error between the model predictions on the test set and the experimental data are investigated. Our results show that the data augmentation decreases the prediction errors, stabilizes the model and prevents overfitting. The extrapolation capabilities of the MLP models are also tested for newly measured nuclei in AME2020 mass table, and it is shown that the predictions are significantly improved by using data augmentation.
Freezing Limits for Beta-Cauchy Ensembles
Creators: name: Voit, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60F05, 60B20, 70F10, 82C22, 33C45

description: Bessel processes associated with the root systems $A_{N-1}$ and $B_N$ describe interacting particle systems with $N$ particles on $\mathbb R$; they form dynamic versions of the classical $β$-Hermite and Laguerre ensembles. In this paper we study corresponding Cauchy processes constructed via some subordination. This leads to $β$-Cauchy ensembles in both cases with explicit distributions. For these distributions we derive central limit theorems for fixed $N$ in the freezing regime, i.e., when the parameters tend to infinity. The results are closely related to corresponding known freezing results for $β$-Hermite and Laguerre ensembles and for Bessel processes.
Backwards State-space Reduction for Planning in Dynamic Knowledge Bases
Creators: name: Senni, Valerio
name: Stawowy, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we address the problem of planning in rich domains, where knowledge representation is a key aspect for managing the complexity and size of the planning domain. We follow the approach of Description Logic (DL) based Dynamic Knowledge Bases, where a state of the world is represented concisely by a (possibly changing) ABox and a (fixed) TBox containing the axioms, and actions that allow to change the content of the ABox. The plan goal is given in terms of satisfaction of a DL query. In this paper we start from a traditional forward planning algorithm and we propose a much more efficient variant by combining backward and forward search. In particular, we propose a Backward State-space Reduction technique that consists in two phases: first, an Abstract Planning Graph P is created by using the Abstract Backward Planning Algorithm (ABP), then the abstract planning graph P is instantiated into a corresponding planning graph P by using the Forward Plan Instantiation Algorithm (FPI). The advantage is that in the preliminary ABP phase we produce a symbolic plan that is a pattern to direct the search of the concrete plan. This can be seen as a kind of informed search where the preliminary backward phase is useful to discover properties of the state-space that can be used to direct the subsequent forward phase. We evaluate the effectiveness of our ABP+FPI algorithm in the reduction of the explored planning domain by comparing it to a standard forward planning algorithm and applying both of them to a concrete business case study.
description: In Proceedings GRAPHITE 2014, arXiv:1407.7671
Unveiling structures in the evolution of magnetic activity of solar-like stars
Creators: name: Mathur, Savita
name: Santos, Ângela R. G.
name: Claytor, Zachary R.
name: García, Rafael A.
name: Strugarek, Antoine
name: Finley, Adam
name: Noraz, Quentin
name: Amard, Louis
name: Beck, Paul G.
name: Bonanno, Alfio
name: Breton, Sylvain N.
name: Brun, Allan Sacha
name: Cao, Lyra
name: Corsaro, Enrico
name: Godoy-Rivera, Diego
name: Palakkatharappil, Dinil B.
name: Pinsonneault, Marc
name: van Saders, Jennifer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The magnetic and rotational properties of solar-like stars are strongly coupled due to the interaction of rotation and convection in their outer envelopes, which fuels their magnetic dynamos and, as a consequence, their magnetic activity cycles. Thanks to the large number of Kepler targets with measured rotation periods and photometric magnetic activity index, S_ph, we investigate how magnetic activity evolves in solar-like stars. We compute the stellar Rossby number, Ro, the ratio between the rotation period and the convective overturn timescale, using the Yale Rotating Evolution Code. We divide our sample of main-sequence single stars by spectral type, revealing distinct patterns in their magnetic activity index relative to their Rossby number. In this talk, we will present the results of such analysis. Notably, G and K dwarfs exhibit a pronounced decline in S_ph around Ro/Ro_Sun of 0.3, indicative of a transitional phase that coincides with the location of the intermediate-rotation period gap. In contrast, F dwarfs, characterized by shallower convective zones, do not show any trend of S_ph versus Ro, particularly as the effective temperature rises. These deviations likely stem from the faster evolutionary pace of F dwarfs. Our analysis indicates that the Sun shares a comparable magnetic activity level with other Sun-like stars, selected so as to have similar effective temperature and metallicity. We will discuss our findings in the context of current dynamo models.
Evaluating genetic markers and neurobiochemical analytes for fluoxetine response using a panel of mouse inbred strains
Creators: name: Miller, Brooke H.
name: Benton, Cristina S.
name: Skwerer, Sean
name: Marron, J. S.
name: Schultz, Laura E.
name: Suzuki, Oscar
name: Cameron, Michael D.
name: Wiltshire, Tim
name: Pletcher, Mathew T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: RationaleIdentification of biomarkers that establish diagnosis or treatment response is critical to the advancement of research and management of patients with depression.ObjectiveOur goal was to identify biomarkers that can potentially assess fluoxetine response and risk to poor treatment outcome.MethodsWe measured behavior, gene expression, and the levels of 36 neurobiochemical analytes across a panel of genetically diverse mouse inbred lines after chronic treatment with water or fluoxetine.ResultsGlyoxylase 1 (GLO1) and guanine nucleotide-binding protein 1 (GNB1) mostly account for baseline anxiety-like and depressive-like behavior, indicating a common biological link between depression and anxiety. Fluoxetine-induced biochemical alterations discriminated positive responders, while baseline neurobiochemical differences differentiated negative responders (p < 0.006). Results show that glial fibrillary acidic protein, S100 beta protein, GLO1, and histone deacetylase 5 contributed most to fluoxetine response. These proteins are linked within a cellular growth/proliferation pathway, suggesting the involvement of cellular genesis in fluoxetine response. Furthermore, a candidate genetic locus that associates with baseline depressive-like behavior contains a gene that encodes for cellular proliferation/adhesion molecule (Cadm1), supporting a genetic basis for the role of neuro/gliogenesis in depression.ConclusionWe provided a comprehensive analysis of behavioral, neurobiochemical, and transcriptome data across 30 mouse inbred strains that has not been accomplished before. We identified biomarkers that influence fluoxetine response, which, altogether, implicate the importance of cellular genesis in fluoxetine treatment. More broadly, this approach can be used to assess a wide range of drug response phenotypes that are challenging to address in human samples.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00213-011-2574-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Localization and magnetism of the resonant impurity states in Ti doped PbTe
Creators: name: Wiendlocha, Bartlomiej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of localization of the resonant impurity states is discussed for an illustrative example of Titanium doped Lead Telluride. Electronic structure of PbTe:Ti is studied using first principles methods, densities of states and Bloch spectral functions are analyzed. We show that Ti creates resonant states in the conduction band of PbTe, however, spectral functions of the system strongly suggest localization of these states and show poor hybridization with PbTe electronic structure. The contrast between results presented here and previously reported spectral functions for PbTe:Tl correlate very well with the different effect of those impurities on thermopower (S) of PbTe, which is large increase is S for PbTe:Tl and almost no effect on S for PbTe:Ti. Moreover, magnetic properties of the system are studied and formation of magnetic moments on Ti atoms is found, both for ordered (ferromagnetic) and disordered (paramagnetic-like) phases, showing that PbTe:Ti can be a magnetic semiconductor.
description: 5 pages, accepted in Applied Physics Letters
Infralimbic and dorsal raphé microinjection of the 5-HT1B receptor agonist CP-93,129: attenuation of aggressive behavior in CFW male mice
Creators: name: Takahashi, A.
name: Fish, E. W.
name: Faccidomo, S.
name: Miczek, K. A.
name: Quadros, I. M. H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Aggressive behavior and impaired impulse control have been associated with dysregulations in the serotonergic system and with impaired functioning of the prefrontal cortex. 5-HT1B receptors have been shown to specifically modulate several types of offensive aggression.
New Data Types in Data Management and Archiving [Webinar]
Creators: name: Vávra, Martin
name: Kleiner, Brian
name: Voronin., Yevhen
name: Jurgens, Pascal
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Social Sciences
Big Data
Research Data
Administrative Data
Transactional Data
Social Media Data
Data Management

description: New Data Types in Data Management and Archiving workshop focused on the management, archiving and access to new types of data (NDTs), i.e. administrative, transactional and social media data. The program consisted of four presentations tackling various issues related to handling the NDTs in data repositories and sharing these data in the community of social researchers. Martin Vávra (CSDA) was speaking about current capacities among CESSDA SPs for handling NDTs, Brian Kleiner (FORS) was talking about the coordinated approach to handling NDTs CESSDA SPs. Yevhen Voronin (GESIS) gave a presentation about social media data sharing in social research and Pascal Jurgens (Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz) was speaking about Social Science in the Embattled Digital Age: Adversarial Creation, Use and Sharing of New Data Types. The speakers’ presentations were followed by the panel discussion, where audience members were encouraged to participate and brought in their own experiences of archivists, data managers and researchers. The event was a part of the CESSDA training activities.
Intracranial self-stimulation in FAST and SLOW mice: effects of alcohol and cocaine
Creators: name: Hodge, Clyde W.
name: Fish, Eric W.
name: Phillips, Tamara J.
name: Reed, Cheryl
name: Robinson, J. Elliott
name: Malanga, C. J.
name: Krouse, Michael C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Sensitivity to the stimulant and rewarding effects of alcohol may be genetically-correlated traits that predispose individuals to developing an alcohol use disorder.
CLEAR: The Evolution of Spatially Resolved Star Formation in Galaxies between $0.5\lesssim z \lesssim1.7$ using H$α$ Emission Line Maps
Creators: name: Matharu, Jasleen
name: Papovich, Casey
name: Simons, Raymond C.
name: Momcheva, Ivelina
name: Brammer, Gabriel
name: Ji, Zhiyuan
name: Backhaus, Bren E.
name: Cleri, Nikko J.
name: Estrada-Carpenter, Vicente
name: Finkelstein, Steven L.
name: Finlator, Kristian
name: Giavalisco, Mauro
name: Jung, Intae
name: Muzzin, Adam
name: Pillepich, Annalisa
name: Trump, Jonathan R.
name: Weiner, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using spatially resolved H-alpha emission line maps of star-forming galaxies, we study the evolution of gradients in galaxy assembly over a wide range in redshift ($0.5
description: 25 pages, 12 figures, 4 tables, Submitted to ApJ
Genus two trisections are standard
Creators: name: Meier, Jeffrey
name: Zupan, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that the only closed 4-manifolds admitting genus two trisections are $S^2 \times S^2$ and connected sums of $S^1 \times S^3$, $\mathbb{CP}^2$, and $\overline{\mathbb{CP}}^2$ with two summands. Moreover, each of these manifolds admits a unique genus two trisection up to diffeomorphism. The proof relies heavily on the combinatorics of genus two Heegaard diagrams of $S^3$. As a corollary, we classify two-component links contained in a genus two Heegaard surface for $S^3$ with a surface-sloped cosmetic Dehn surgery.
description: 41 pages, 29 figures
Potentiation of brain stimulation reward by morphine: effects of neurokinin-1 receptor antagonism
Creators: name: Heilig, M.
name: Malanga, C. J.
name: Robinson, J. E.
name: Krouse, M. C.
name: Fish, E. W.
name: Thorsell, A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: The abuse potential of opioids may be due to their reinforcing and rewarding effects, which may be attenuated by neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R) antagonists.
Invariant traces of the flat space chiral higher-spin algebra as scattering amplitudes
Creators: name: Ponomarev, Dmitry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We sum up two- and three-point amplitudes in the chiral higher-spin theory over helicities and find that these quite manifestly have the form of invariant traces of the flat space chiral higher-spin algebra. We consider invariant traces of products of higher numbers of on-shell higher-spin fields and interpret these as higher-point scattering amplitudes. This construction closely mimics its anti-de Sitter space counterpart, which was considered some time ago and was confirmed holographically.
description: 26 pages, discussions on the flat space limit added, minor corrections
${\cal CP}$ structure of the top-quark Yukawa interaction: NLO QCD corrections and off-shell effects
Creators: name: Hermann, Jonathan
name: Stremmer, Daniel
name: Worek, Malgorzata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since its discovery at the Large Hadron Collider in 2012 the Higgs boson has arguably become the most famous of the Standard Model particles and many measurements have been performed in order to assess its properties. Among others, these include measurements of the Higgs boson's ${\cal CP}$ state which is predicted to be ${\cal CP}$-even. Even though a pure ${\cal CP}$-odd state has been ruled out, a possible admixture of a ${\cal CP}$-odd Higgs state has yet to be excluded. In this work we present predictions for the associated production of a leptonically decaying top quark pair and a stable Higgs boson $p p \to e^+ ν_e\, μ^- \barν_μ\,b\bar{b}\,H$ with possible mixing between ${\cal CP}$-even and ${\cal CP}$-odd states at NLO in QCD for the LHC with $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV. Finite top-quark and gauge boson width effects as well as all double-, single- and non-resonant Feynman diagrams including their interference effects are taken into account. We compare the behaviour of the ${\cal CP}$-even, -odd and -mixed scenarios for the integrated fiducial cross-sections as well as several key differential distributions. In addition, we show that both NLO corrections and off-shell effects play an important role even at the level of integrated fiducial cross-sections and that these are further enhanced in differential distributions. Even though we focus here on the Standard Model Higgs boson, the calculations could be straightforwardly applied to models that have an extended Higgs-boson sector and predict the existence of ${\cal CP}$-odd Higgs-like particles, such as the two-Higgs-doublet model.
description: 33 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables, version to appear in JHEP
Observation of cross phase modulation in cold atom gradient echo memory
Creators: name: Leung, Anthony C.
name: Melody, K. S. Ida
name: Tranter, Aaron D.
name: Paul, Karun V.
name: Campbell, Geoff T.
name: Lam, Ping Koy
name: Buchler, Ben C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strong nonlinear interactions between single photons have important applications in optical quantum information processing. Demonstrations of these interactions in cold atomic ensembles have largely been limited to exploiting slow light generated using electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). However, these EIT implementations have limited achievable phase shifts due to spontaneous emission. Here, we demonstrate and characterize a scheme free from these limitations using gradient echo memory with inferred single photon phase shifts of $0.07\pm0.02$ $μ\text{rad}$. Excellent agreement with theoretical modelling was observed. Degradation of memory efficiency was observed for large phase shifts but strategies to overcome that are presented.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Role of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the effects of cocaine-paired contextual stimuli on impulsive decision making in rats
Creators: name: Fuchs, Rita A.
name: Wells, Audrey M.
name: Reittinger, Andrew M.
name: Xie, Xiaohu
name: Arguello, Amy A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Chronic cocaine exposure produces unconditioned enhancement in impulsive decision making; however, little is known about the effects of cocaine-paired conditioned stimuli on this behavior. Thus, this study explored the effects of cocaine-paired contextual stimuli on impulsive decision making and the contribution of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) to this phenomenon.