cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Making Market Information Services Work Better for the Poor in Uganda
Creators: name: Ferris, Shaun
name: Engoru, Patrick
name: Kaganzi, Elly
name: Ferris, Shaun
name: Engoru, Patrick
name: Kaganzi, Elly
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Market Information Services
subject: Group Marketing
subject: Collective Action
subject: FM Radio
subject: Mobile Phone
subject: SMS
subject: Income

description: There is growing pressure for farmers in countries such as Uganda to accelerate their efforts to commercialize production in the face of increasing market competition from neighboring countries and across the world. To assist farmers, a new generation of low cost market information services is being developed that takes advantage of information and communication technologies such as FM radios, mobile phones, and internet-based communications systems, to enable farmers to monitor and adjust to dynamic market conditions in local, national, and export markets. Although there is much interest in market information from farmers, other market chain actors, and service providers, there is skepticism from funding agencies to support such services over the long term, due to past failures. This study therefore aims to evaluate how farmers access and use market information to improve their market decision making. It also evaluates whether there are any advantages of collective action in using market information to improve marketing decisions. This is considered an important point of analysis as virtually all extension plans in Uganda currently use farmer groups as key element of their learning and intervention strategies. Survey results found that all farmers interviewed were able to access market information through radio and mobile phones. In Uganda, up to 94 percent of farmers interviewed owned a radio and 25 percent of farmers owned mobile phones. Up to 52 percent of farmers indicated that receiving Market Information Services (MIS) had a positive impact on their business, and 39 percent stated that it had a lot of impact in terms of decision making and stabilizing incomes.
Discrete D-branes in AdS3 and in the 2d black hole
Creators: name: Ribault, Sylvain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I show how the AdS2 D-branes in the Euclidean AdS3 string theory are related to the continuous D-branes in Liouville theory. I then propose new discrete D-branes in the Euclidean AdS3 which correspond to the discrete D-branes in Liouville theory. These new D-branes satisfy the appropriate shift equations. They give rise to two families of discrete D-branes in the 2d black hole, which preserve different symmetries.
description: 16 pages, v3: some explanations improved, comparison with N=2 Liouville theory made more precise, version published in JHEP
Ein illustriertes griechisches Menaion des Komnenenzeitalters
Creators: name: Baumstark, Anton
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 23 Nr. 1 (1927): Oriens christianus, Band 23, Heft 1
Implications of Bulk Water Transfer on Local Water Management Institutions: A Case Study of the Melamchi Water Supply Project in Nepal
Creators: name: Pant, Dhruba
name: Bhattarai, Madhusudan
name: Basnet, Govinda
name: Pant, Dhruba
name: Bhattarai, Madhusudan
name: Basnet, Govinda
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Institutional Impacts
subject: Water Transfer
subject: Melamchi Water Supply Project
subject: Urban Water Supply
subject: Water Rights
subject: Local Water Management Institutions
subject: Kathmandu
subject: Nepal

description: To mitigate a drinking water crisis in Kathmandu valley, the Government of Nepal initiated the Melamchi Water Supply Project in 1997, which will divert water from the Melamchi River to Kathmandu city’s water supply network. In the first phase, the Project will divert 170,000 cubic meters of water per day (at the rate of 1.97M3/sec), which will be tripled using the same infrastructure as city water demand increases in the future. The large scale transfer of water would have far-reaching implications in both water supplying and receiving basins. This paper analyzes some of the major changes related to local water management and socioeconomics brought about by the Project and in particular the changes in the local water management institutions in the Melamchi basin. Our study shows that traditional informal water management institutions were effective in regulating present water use practices in the water supplying basin, but the situation will vastly change because of the scale of water transfer, and power inequity between the organized public sector on one side and dispersed and unorganized marginal water users on the other. The small scale of water usage and multiple informal arrangements at the local level have made it difficult for the local users and institutions to collectively bargain and negotiate with the central water transfer authority for a fair share of project benefits and compensation for the losses imposed on them. The process and scale of project compensation for economic losses and equity over resource use are at the heart of the concerns and debates about the Melamchi water transfer decision. The Project has planned for a one-time compensation package of about US$18 million for development infrastructure related investments and is planning to share about one percent of revenue generated from water use in the city with the supplying basin. The main issues here are what forms of water sharing governance, compensation packages, and water rights structures would emerge in relation to the project implementation and whether they are socially acceptable ensuring equitable distribution of the project benefits to all basin communities. In addition, these issues of the Melamchi project discussed in this paper are equally pertinent to other places where rural to urban water transfer projects are under discussion.
Bridging, Linking, and Bonding Social Capital in Collective Action: The Case of Kalahan Forest Reserve in the Philippines
Creators: name: Dahal, Ganga Ram
name: Adhikari, Krishna Prasad
name: Dahal, Ganga Ram
name: Adhikari, Krishna Prasad
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Kalahan PO
subject: Philippines
subject: Bonding
subject: Bridging
subject: Linking Social Capital
subject: Governance
subject: Collective Action

description: This paper seeks to identify the factors which are responsible for successful management of natural resources when communities are given opportunities to manage those resources. Applying the social capital framework, it analyzes empirical data from the well known case of Kalahan Educational Foundation, the Philippines. The study confirms previous findings, which have emphasized the high level of cohesion and traditional norms among a homogeneous community of indigenous peoples (bonding social capital) as a success factor. This study further identifies that for effective management of collective action, mobilization of bridging and linking social capital are equally important as they do not only help mobilize external resources but, at times, also promote bonding social capital.
Curricular Blueprinting: Exploring the Relevance of American Social Work Education for International Students
Creators: name: Lough, Benjamin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Education

description: This study assesses the relevance of US-based social work curricula for international students. Both the perceived advantages and disadvantages of international educational training are considered, including the consequences of curricular adaptation. The study utilizes multiple qualitative methods including participant observation, 15 semi-structured interviews, and text analysis. The majority of international respondents reported intending to work with poverty alleviation and social development. Respondents reported learning some inappropriate skills, intervention strategies, and policies that cannot be appropriately applied across cultures, and which are divorced from local context. Benefits of exchange include discussions of marginalized populations, enculturation into Western values and methods that may be beneficial to future job opportunities, and the enhancement of critical thinking skills to address social problems.
Global service-learning in institutions of higher education: Concerns from a community of practice
Creators: name: Lough, Benjamin
name: Toms, Cynthia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 130304 Educational Administration, Management and Leadership
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: Education

description: In order to better understand and determine priorities of global service-learning in higher education, this study used an empowering evaluation processes to assess the strategic trajectories needed for growth in this field. Researchers organised 36 focus groups during an international summit to map the strengths, weaknesses, and opportunities for global service-learning in higher education. These focus groups generated 121 summary statements, which were qualitatively coded and analysed to assess common themes. Participants identified six main needs that could strengthen the practice of global service-learning. These needs highlight common priorities and current dilemmas faced by the emerging field of global service-learning, and illustrate the priorities needed to move this field forward in the coming years.
Closing the gap between theory and experiment for lithium manganese oxide spinels using a high-dimensional neural network potential
Creators: name: Eckhoff, Marco
name: Schönewald, Florian
name: Risch, Marcel
name: Volkert, Cynthia A.
name: Blöchl, Peter E.
name: Behler, Jörg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many positive electrode materials in lithium ion batteries include transition metals which are difficult to describe by electronic structure methods like density functional theory (DFT) due to the presence of multiple oxidation states. A prominent example is the lithium manganese oxide spinel Li$_x$Mn$_2$O$_4$ with $0\leq x\leq2$. While DFT, employing the local hybrid functional PBE0r, provides a reliable description, the need for extended computer simulations of large structural models remains a significant challenge. Here, we close this gap by constructing a DFT-based high-dimensional neural network potential (HDNNP) providing accurate energies and forces at a fraction of the computational costs. As different oxidation states and the resulting Jahn-Teller distortions represent a new level of complexity for HDNNPs, the potential is carefully validated by performing X-ray diffraction experiments. We demonstrate that the HDNNP provides atomic level details and is able to predict a series of properties like the lattice parameters and expansion with increasing Li content or temperature, the orthorhombic to cubic transition, the lithium diffusion barrier, and the phonon frequencies. We show that for understanding these properties access to large time and length scales as enabled by the HDNNP is essential to close the gap between theory and experiment.
description: 20 pages, 13 figures
XORIJIY DAVLATLAR MUSIQIY PEDAGOGIKASI TAJRIBASINI O'RGANISH VA O'ZBEKISTONDA TATBIQ ETISH MASALALARI
Creators: name: Umbarova, Ma'rifat
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Musiqa ta'limi har bir mamlakatda o'ziga xos xususiyatlarga ega bo'lib, uning rivojlanishi madaniy, ijtimoiy va iqtisodiy omillarga bog'liq. Xorijiy davlatlar musiqiy pedagogikasi tajribasi O'zbekistonda musiqiy ta'limni takomillashtirishda muhim ahamiyatga ega. Musiqa ta'limi, o'quvchilarning ijodiy qobiliyatlarini rivojlantirish va musiqiy bilimlarni oshirishda muhim rol o'ynaydi. Ushbu maqolada Xorijiy davlatlar musiqiy pedagogikasi tajribasini o'rganish va O'zbekistonda tatbiq etish masalalari haqida ma'lumotlar berilgan..
Eet Bref udi Dansk Sprog forfatted og tilskrevet samtlige Norges Riigers Indbyggere som i Octobri 1644 blef af de Svenske udi Baahus Lehn indkastet / Æsculapius
Creators: name: Brahe, Per
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1644

description: Manuskript. Avskrift(177?) . Inneholder også "Svar paa foranførte Svenske Bref af een Nordmand over grændserne ind i Sverrig indsendt af 12te Novemb. 1644".
Property Rights, Collective Action, and Poverty: The Role of Institutions for Poverty Reduction
Creators: name: Di Gregorio, Monica
name: Hagedorn, Konrad
name: Kirk, Michael
name: Korf, Benedikt
name: McCarthy, Nancy
name: Meinzen-Dick, Ruth Suseela
name: Swallow, Brent M.
name: Di Gregorio, Monica
name: Hagedorn, Konrad
name: Kirk, Michael
name: Korf, Benedikt
name: McCarthy, Nancy
name: Meinzen-Dick, Ruth Suseela
name: Swallow, Brent M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: collective action
subject: property rights
subject: poverty reduction
subject: conceptual framework
subject: vulnerability
subject: power
subject: institutions
subject: wellbeing

description: This paper presents a conceptual framework on how institutions of property rights and collective action can contribute to poverty reduction, including through external interventions and action by poor people themselves. The first part of the paper examines the initial conditions of poverty, highlighting the role of assets, risks and vulnerability, legal structures and power relations. The latter part investigates the decision-making dynamics of actors—both poor and non-poor—and how they can use the tangible and intangible resources they have to shape their livelihoods and the institutions that govern their lives. The paper concludes with a discussion of how attention to property rights and collective action can improve the understanding of outcomes in terms of changes in wellbeing.
Factorization methods for Noncommutative KP and Toda hierarchy
Creators: name: Sakakibara, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the solution space of the noncommutative KP hierarchy is the same as that of the commutative KP hierarchy owing to the Birkhoff decomposition of groups over the noncommutative algebra. The noncommutative Toda hierarchy is introduced. We derive the bilinear identities for the Baker--Akhiezer functions and calculate the $N$-soliton solutions of the noncommutative Toda hierarchy.
description: 7 pages, no figures, AMS-LaTeX, minor corrections, final version to appear in Journal of Physics A
Reciprocal microswimmers in a viscoelastic fluid
Creators: name: Yasuda, Kento
name: Kuroda, Mizuki
name: Komura, Shigeyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We suggest several reciprocal swimming mechanisms that lead to a locomotion only in viscoelastic fluids. The first situation is to have a difference between the two amplitudes of the oscillatory arm motion for a three-sphere microswimmer. The second situation is when one of the frequencies of the arm motion is twice as large as the other one for a three-sphere microswimmer. The third situation is when the sphere sizes are different for a two-sphere microswimmer. In all these three cases, the average velocity is proportional to the imaginary part of the complex shear viscosity of a surrounding viscoelastic medium. It is essential for a micromachine to break its structural symmetry in order to swim in a viscoelastic fluid by performing reciprocal body motions.
International volunteers’ perceptions of intercultural competence
Creators: name: Lough, Benjamin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 160607 International Relations
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 150308 International Business
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 200103 International and Development Communication
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: Although international volunteer sending organizations vary greatly, nearly all claim that volunteering will increase intercultural competence. Various theories of intercultural learning suggest, however, that cultural contact will only improve a volunteer’s intercultural competence under certain conditions. The study collects self-reported responses from 291 volunteers who served in one of two service models that differ on multiple characteristics. This study isolates four key characteristics, and employs a moderated multiple regression to test how these variations affect volunteers’ perceptions of intercultural competence. Findings suggest that that service duration, cultural immersion, guided reflection, and contact reciprocity are all positively associated with intercultural competence. In addition, guided reflection appears to moderate the relationship between duration and intercultural competence. This study responds to the need for research on the effects of international volunteering across institutional models.
Vespertilionidae
Creators: name: Decher, Jan
name: Hoffmann, Anke
name: Schaer, Juliane
name: N Orris, Ryan W.
name: Kadjo, Blaise
name: Astrin, Jonas
name: Monadjem, Ara
name: Hutterer, Rainer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Vespertilionidae

description: Vespertilionidae   After initial sorting into morpho-species, specimens were tentatively assigned to the genera Hypsugo, Neoromicia or Pipistrellus. Sequences of part of the COI gene were then compared with those obtained by Monadjem et al. (2013 b) for specimens from Mount Nimba and additional GenBank specimens in a combined Bayesian consensus topology (Appendix, Fig. 3).
description: Published as part of Decher, Jan, Hoffmann, Anke, Schaer, Juliane, N Orris, Ryan W., Kadjo, Blaise, Astrin, Jonas, Monadjem, Ara & Hutterer, Rainer, 2015, Bat diversity in the Simandou Mountain Range of Guinea, with the description of a new white-winged vespertilionid, pp. 255-282 in Acta Chiropterologica 17 (2) on page 266, DOI: 10.3161/15081109ACC2015.17.2.003, http://zenodo.org/record/3943621
Effects of International Volunteering and Service: Individual and Institutional Predictors
Creators: name: Lough, Benjamin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 160799 Social Work not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 150308 International Business
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Despite unprecedented recent expansion of international volunteering and service (IVS), there has been relatively little research on impacts. This paper proposes a conceptual model for impact research based on existing research evidence published in English. The model suggests that outcomes for host communities, volunteers, and sending communities vary depending on individual and institutional attributes and capacity. How institutions structure and leverage individual capacity influences who participates and how they serve, and shapes the impact of volunteer action. The conceptual model provides directions for future research.
Collective Action and Property Rights for Poverty Reduction: A Review of Methods and Approaches
Creators: name: Mwangi, Esther
name: Markelova, Helen
name: Mwangi, Esther
name: Markelova, Helen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: collective action
subject: property rights
subject: poverty reduction
subject: evaluation
subject: vulnerability
subject: power
subject: institutions
subject: wellbeing

description: While much attention has been given to examining various aspects of poverty, a number of studies have shown that institutional environment in which the poor exist conditions welfare outcomes, thus highlighting the inherently crucial importance of institutions for poverty reduction. The institutions of property rights and collective action are among those identified as playing a major role in the livelihood strategies of the poor. This paper highlights ways to operationalize the conceptual framework developed by Di Gregorio and colleagues (2008), which provides an analytical tool to study poverty through the institutional lens with a special focus on collective action and property rights. By emphasizing the multidimensionality of poverty, the authors advocate the importance of applying various approaches and tools to conceptualizing and measuring it. They also emphasize the crucial role that institutions of collective action and property rights play in poverty reduction and sketch out theoretical nuances and methods of examining such institutions. In addition, power relations and political context are seen to be of outmost importance in poverty-related studies; the authors provide suggestions on how to understand and operationalize various dimensions of power and institutional environment in research. Outcomes are approached from the evaluative standpoint, which moves beyond straightforward empirical measurement of certain indicators to a comprehensive analysis that would involve a range of methods and approaches to both the definition and measurement of criteria that affect the complex reality of the poor.
En Kort Relation om det paa Kongsberg skeede opløb af Berg Almuen 3die Pintze dag d. 30 Maij, som varede til d. 2den Junij 1730 da de tumulturede ved Hr Maijor Lindgaards, Capitain Framnes, Grønvolds og Capitain Doppes Compagnier bleve afdrevne
Creators: name: (:Unas)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1770

description: Manuskript. Avskrift
Sigma Terms of Light-Quark Hadrons
Creators: name: Flambaum, V. V.
name: Hoell, A.
name: Jaikumar, P.
name: Roberts, C. D.
name: Wright, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A calculation of the current-quark mass dependence of hadron masses can help in using observational data to place constraints on the variation of nature's fundamental parameters. A hadron's sigma-term is a measure of this dependence. The connection between a hadron's sigma-term and the Feynman-Hellmann theorem is illustrated with an explicit calculation for the pion using a rainbow-ladder truncation of the Dyson-Schwinger equations: in the vicinity of the chiral limit sigma_pi = m_pi/2. This truncation also provides a decent estimate of sigma_rho because the two dominant self-energy corrections to the rho-meson's mass largely cancel in their contribution to sigma_rho. The truncation is less accurate for the omega, however, because there is little to compete with an omega->rho+pi self-energy contribution that magnifies the value of sigma_omega by ~25%. A Poincare' covariant Faddeev equation, which describes baryons as composites of confined-quarks and -nonpointlike-diquarks, is solved to obtain the current-quark mass dependence of the masses of the nucleon and Delta, and thereby sigma_N and sigma_Delta. This "quark-core" piece is augmented by the "pion cloud" contribution, which is positive. The analysis yields sigma_N~60MeV and sigma_Delta~50MeV.
description: 22 pages, reference list expanded
Generation of a superposition of multiple mesoscopic states of radiation in a resonant cavity
Creators: name: Pathak, P. K.
name: Agarwal, G. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using resonant interaction between atoms and the field in a high quality cavity, we show how to generate a superposition of many mesoscopic states of the field. We study the quasi-probability distributions and demonstrate the nonclassicality of the superposition in terms of the zeroes of the Q-function as well as the negativity of the Wigner function. We discuss the decoherence of the generated superposition state. We propose homodyne techniques of the type developed by Auffeves et al [Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 230405 (2003)] to monitor the superposition of many mesoscopic states.
description: submitted to Phys. Rev. A
Predicting Oxidation and Spin States by High-Dimensional Neural Networks: Applications to Lithium Manganese Oxide Spinels
Creators: name: Eckhoff, Marco
name: Lausch, Knut Nikolas
name: Blöchl, Peter E.
name: Behler, Jörg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lithium ion batteries often contain transition metal oxides like Li$_{x}$Mn$_2$O$_4$ ($0\leq x\leq2$). Depending on the Li content different ratios of Mn$^\text{III}$ to Mn$^\text{IV}$ ions are present. In combination with electron hopping the Jahn-Teller distortions of the Mn$^\text{III}$O$_6$ octahedra can give rise to complex phenomena like structural transitions and conductance. While for small model systems oxidation and spin states can be determined using density functional theory (DFT), the investigation of dynamical phenomena by DFT is too demanding. Previously, we have shown that a high-dimensional neural network potential can extend molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of Li$_{x}$Mn$_2$O$_4$ to nanosecond time scales, but these simulations did not provide information about the electronic structure. Here we extend the use of neural networks to the prediction of atomic oxidation and spin states. The resulting high-dimensional neural network is able to predict the spins of the Mn ions with an error of only 0.03 $\hbar$. We find that the Mn e$_\text{g}$ electrons are correctly conserved and that the number of Jahn-Teller distorted Mn$^\text{III}$O$_6$ octahedra is predicted precisely for different Li loadings. A charge ordering transition is observed between 280 and 300 K, which matches resistivity measurements. Moreover, the activation energy of the electron hopping conduction above the phase transition is predicted to be 0.18 eV deviating only 0.02 eV from experiment. This work demonstrates that machine learning is able to provide an accurate representation of both, the geometric and the electronic structure dynamics of Li$_x$Mn$_2$O$_4$, on time and length scales that are not accessible by ab initio MD.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures
Quark correlations and single-spin asymmetries
Creators: name: Burkardt, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We illustrate, in a semi-classical picture, how the Wilson line phase factor in gauge invariantly defined unintegrated parton density can lead to a nonzero single-spin asymmetry (Sivers effect).
description: 6 pages, invited talk given at "QCD Down Under 2004", and "Continuous Advances in QCD 2004"
Revisiting Reciprocity in International Volunteering
Creators: name: Lough, Benjamin
name: Oppenheim, Willy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 150308 International Business
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This paper critically examines reciprocity in international volunteering. It first highlights tensions and unintended consequences that can emerge when pursuing reciprocal relationships between host-country partners and international volunteers or volunteer-sending organizations. It then reconsiders how to determine equal or fair distribution of benefits between stakeholders when some benefits are material and some are intangible. It then presents a typology of different modalities of reciprocity practiced or aspired to by contemporary international volunteer organizations. The paper aims to provoke more nuanced consideration of when, if, or under what conditions different forms of reciprocity may be possible or even desirable.
The Colonial Legacy of International Voluntary Service
Creators: name: Lough, Benjamin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 150308 International Business
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: International voluntary service involving people from ‘northern’ countries represents a widespread and growing phenomenon on the African continent, prompting increased interest in the effects of international service on volunteers. Despite this trend, little research has been conducted into the contribution of international service to the development of the host organisations and communities where volunteers live and serve. Drawing on interviews and focus groups conducted with international volunteer host organisations in Tanzania and Mozambique, this paper examines the benefits and challenges for international service to contribute to the development of host organisations and communities. Findings suggest a range of positive benefits to host organisations. However, they also highlight a number of challenges that require additional measures to strengthen the potential benefits of international service. These include a greater critical consciousness of the imbalances between African host and Northern sending countries, locating international voluntary service in the context of a colonial legacy, and strategically hosting volunteers in the context of financial and human resource constraints.
Peak Power Shaving for Reduced Electricity Costs in Cloud Data Centers: Opportunities and Challenges
Creators: name: Dabbagh, Mehiar
name: Hamdaoui, Bechir
name: Rayes, Ammar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An electricity bill of a data center (DC) is determined not only by how much energy the DC consumes, but especially by how the consumed energy is spread over time during the billing cycle. More specifically, these electricity costs are essentially made up of two major charges: Energy Charge, a cost based on the amount of consumed energy (in kWh), and Peak Charge, a cost based on the maximum power (in kW) requested during the billing cycle. The latter charge component is forced to encourage DCs to balance and regulate their power demands over the billing cycle, allowing the utility company to manage congestion without increasing supply. This billing model has thus called for the development of peak power shaving approaches that reduce costs by smoothing peak power demands over the billing cycle to minimize the Peak Charge component. In this paper, we investigate peak power shaving approaches, and begin by using Google data traces to quantify and provide a real sense of how much electricity cost reduction can peak power demand shaving achieve on a Google DC cluster. We then discuss why peak power shaving is well-suited for reducing electricity costs of DCs, and describe two commonly used peak shaving approaches, namely energy storage and workload modulation. We finally identify and describe key research problems that remain unsolved and require further investigation.
Thermodynamics of a Colloidal Particle in a Time-Dependent Non-Harmonic Potential
Creators: name: Blickle, V.
name: Speck, T.
name: Helden, L.
name: Seifert, U.
name: Bechinger, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the motion of an overdamped colloidal particle in a time-dependent non-harmonic potential. We demonstrate the first law-like balance between applied work, exchanged heat, and internal energy on the level of a single trajectory. The observed distribution of applied work is distinctly non-Gaussian in good agreement with numerical calculations. Both the Jarzynski relation and a detailed fluctuation theorem are verified with good accuracy.
Collective Action and Vulnerability: Burial Societies in Rural Ethiopia
Creators: name: Dercon, Stefan
name: Hoddinott, John
name: Krishnan, Pramila
name: Woldehanna, Tassew
name: Dercon, Stefan
name: Hoddinott, John
name: Krishnan, Pramila
name: Woldehanna, Tassew
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: collective action
subject: burial societies
subject: shocks
subject: vulnerability
subject: poverty
subject: networks
subject: Ethiopia

description: Collective action can help individuals, groups, and communities achieve common goals, thus contributing to poverty reduction. Drawing on longitudinal household and qualitative community data, the authors examine the impact of shocks on household living standards, study the correlates of participation in groups and formal and informal networks, and discuss the relationship of networks with access to other forms of capital. In this context, they assess how one form of collective action, iddir, or burial societies, help households attenuate the impact of illness. They find that iddir effectively deal with problems of asymmetric information by restricting membership geographically, imposing a membership fee, and conducting checks on how the funds were spent. The study also finds that while iddir help poor households cope with individual health shocks, but shows that the better-off households belong to more groups and have larger networks. In addition, where households have limited ability to develop spatial networks, collective action has limited ability to respond to covariate shocks. Therefore, realism is needed in terms of the ability of collective action to respond to shocks, and direct public action is more appropriate to deal with common shocks.
Das Epitaphium des Tasfâ Ṣejon (Petrus Aethiops) und seine Chronologie
Creators: name: Euringer, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 23 Nr. 1 (1927): Oriens christianus, Band 23, Heft 1
Shocks, Groups, and Networks in Bukidnon, Philippines
Creators: name: Quisumbing, Agnes R.
name: McNiven, Scott
name: Godquin, Marie
name: Quisumbing, Agnes R.
name: McNiven, Scott
name: Godquin, Marie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: social networks
subject: groups
subject: social capital
subject: poverty
subject: remittances
subject: Philippines

description: This study examines the role of groups and networks in helping poor Filipinos manage their exposure to risks and cope with shocks. It brings together two strands of literature that examine how social capital affects economic variables and investigate the processes by which social capital formation, participation in networks and groups, and trusting behavior comes about. Using a longitudinal study from a province in Northern Mindanao, Philippines, the authors find that households belong to a number of formal and informal groups and networks, but participation differs according to household characteristics. Households belonging to the lower asset quartiles belong to fewer groups, and households with more human and physical capital have larger social networks. Furthermore, wealthier households are more likely to take part in productive groups while membership in civic and religious groups is not limited by economic status. Migrant networks play an important risk-smoothing role via remittances sent by migrant daughters.
First-principles quantum dynamics in interacting Bose gases I: The positive P representation
Creators: name: Deuar, P.
name: Drummond, P. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The performance of the positive P phase-space representation for exact many-body quantum dynamics is investigated. Gases of interacting bosons are considered, where the full quantum equations to simulate are of a Gross-Pitaevskii form with added Gaussian noise. This method gives tractable simulations of many-body systems because the number of variables scales linearly with the spatial lattice size. An expression for the useful simulation time is obtained, and checked in numerical simulations. The dynamics of first-, second- and third-order spatial correlations are calculated for a uniform interacting 1D Bose gas subjected to a change in scattering length. Propagation of correlations is seen. A comparison is made to other recent methods. The positive P method is particularly well suited to open systems as no conservation laws are hard-wired into the calculation. It also differs from most other recent approaches in that there is no truncation of any kind.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables, IOP style
Bayesian learning of orthogonal embeddings for multi-fidelity Gaussian Processes
Creators: name: Tsilifis, Panagiotis
name: Pandita, Piyush
name: Ghosh, Sayan
name: Andreoli, Valeria
name: Vandeputte, Thomas
name: Wang, Liping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a Bayesian approach to identify optimal transformations that map model input points to low dimensional latent variables. The "projection" mapping consists of an orthonormal matrix that is considered a priori unknown and needs to be inferred jointly with the GP parameters, conditioned on the available training data. The proposed Bayesian inference scheme relies on a two-step iterative algorithm that samples from the marginal posteriors of the GP parameters and the projection matrix respectively, both using Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling. In order to take into account the orthogonality constraints imposed on the orthonormal projection matrix, a Geodesic Monte Carlo sampling algorithm is employed, that is suitable for exploiting probability measures on manifolds. We extend the proposed framework to multi-fidelity models using GPs including the scenarios of training multiple outputs together. We validate our framework on three synthetic problems with a known lower-dimensional subspace. The benefits of our proposed framework, are illustrated on the computationally challenging three-dimensional aerodynamic optimization of a last-stage blade for an industrial gas turbine, where we study the effect of an 85-dimensional airfoil shape parameterization on two output quantities of interest, specifically on the aerodynamic efficiency and the degree of reaction.
High efficiency and low absorption Fresnel compound zone plates for hard X-ray focusing
Creators: name: Kuyumchyan, A.
name: Isoyan, A.
name: Shulakov, E.
name: Aristov, V.
name: Kondratenkov, M.
name: Snigirev, A.
name: Snigireva, I.
name: Souvorov, A.
name: Tamasaku, K.
name: Yabashi, M.
name: Ishikawa, T.
name: Trouni, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: J.2

description: Circular and linear zone plates have been fabricated on the surface of silicon crystals for the energy of 8 keV by electron beam lithography and deep ion plasma etching methods. Various variants of compound zone plates with first, second, third diffraction orders have been made. The zone relief height is about 10 mkm, the outermost zone width of the zone plate is 0.4 mkm. The experimental testing of the zone plates has been conducted on SPring-8 and ESRF synchrotron radiation sources. A focused spot size and diffraction efficiency measured by knife-edge scanning are accordingly 0.5 mkm and 39% for the first order circular zone plate.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures
Remittances and economic growth in Latin America and the Caribbean: The Impact of the human capital development
Creators: name: Garcia-Fuentes, Pablo A.
name: Kennedy, P. Lynn
name: Garcia-Fuentes, Pablo A.
name: Kennedy, P. Lynn
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Remittances
subject: Human Capital
subject: Growth
subject: Latin America and the Caribbean

description: Remittances are one source of external financing for developing countries that have been increasing in both size and importance as of late. However, the issue about the impact on economic growth from remittances is still opened for discussion. This paper adds to this discussion by investigating the impact of remittances on growth through human capital using a panel data analysis for a sample of 14 Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries during the period 1975-2000. The results indicate that remittances have a positive impact on economic growth in the representative countries from the LAC region; however, the realization of this impact holds only when the remittance receiving country has a minimum threshold of human capital stock.
Case Studies of Successful Small Scale Farming in North Carolina
Creators: name: Yeboah, Anthony K.
name: Owens, John Paul
name: Bynum, Jarvetta S.
name: Boisson, Daniel
name: Yeboah, Anthony K.
name: Owens, John Paul
name: Bynum, Jarvetta S.
name: Boisson, Daniel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: Small Farmer

description: The goal of this study focuses on determining factors that contribute to a successful small farm in North Carolina and on identifying ways to further enhance successful small farming. North Carolina farms vary extensively in size and other characteristics, ranging from very small retirement and residential farms to establishments with millions of dollars in sales. Farming continues to be a distinctive industry in part because most production, even among very large farms, is carried out on family-operated farms whose operators often balance farm and off-farm employment and investment decisions. The case studies of successful small farmers conducted in November 2007 were the primary sources of data. The North Carolina Cooperative Extension Program identified three “successful” farmers from its sampling frame to participate in the case studies. Researchers identified sets of variables associated with small farm success through various literature, published and unpublished reports and recommendations from experts in the field. After the variables were operationalized, a questionnaire was developed as a guide for conducting the case studies interview protocols. Each case study consisted of a one-visit protocol with electronic follow-up. Researchers conducted on-site interviews, and then toured the individual farms. The case study farmers used a diverse mix of enterprises including specialty crops and a combination of marketing strategies. The educational level ranged from post high school to Ph.D. although all farmers attended several workshops. All farmers minimized risk through diversity, contractual sales and insurance. Only one farmer used computers for record keeping and finance. The overall “love of farming” seemed to be the biggest driving force behind the farmer’s view of success.
The impact of international service on the development of volunteers’ intercultural relations
Creators: name: Lough, Benjamin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 160607 International Relations
subject: FOS: Political science

description: The United States sends approximately one million volunteers abroad to engage in service each year, representing a significant flow of ideas, people, resources, and aid across international borders. This quasi-experimental study assesses the longitudinal impact of international volunteer service on key outcomes, including volunteers’ intercultural relations, international social capital, and concern about international affairs. Using linear mixed regression models that control for a counterfactual comparison group, international volunteers are more likely to report significant increases in international social capital and international concern two to three years after returning from service. Results indicate that intercultural relations may also continue to increase years after returning from a service assignment. International service may be a useful approach to helping people gain skills and networks that are needed in an increasingly global society.
Cost/Benefit of Abscission Registration for Citrus Mechanical Harvesting
Creators: name: Blanco, German
name: Roka, Fritz M.
name: Blanco, German
name: Roka, Fritz M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: abscission
subject: citrus
subject: mechanical harvesting
subject: cost benefit analysis

description: The Florida Department of Citrus (DOC) is spending public funds to register an abscission agent compound (CMNP) with the U.S. EPA as part of its effort to enhance the private benefits associated with citrus mechanical harvesting. An abscission agent application should allow existing harvesting equipment to operate through the entire late season orange harvesting period. When estimating costs and benefits through 2018, the net present value of mechanically harvesting 25,000 acres is between $60.8 and $79.9 million, depending on price, production, and fruit loss scenarios. For any of the scenarios considered, the discounted value of abscission benefits with mechanical harvesting fully pays for the costs of registration and development within four years.
Rise and demise of orphanages in Ukraine
Creators: name: Lough, Benjamin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 160799 Social Work not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: This analysis compares historic and current trends in Ukrainian orphanages with changesthat led to the general demise of the American institutionalized child welfare system. Althoughsignificant cultural and historical backgrounds are taken into account, there are parallels drawnbetween similar conditions which led to the demise of orphanages in the USA and the currentdeinstitutionalization movements in the Ukraine. A critical comparison of the current dilemmas thatface each nation in providing adequate child welfare is given. Specifically, the effects of overcrowding,new policy adjustments, critical attitudes against institutionalized childcare, the professionalization ofsocial work, and re-channeling of financial resources are addressed.
Hyperfine structure in the H$_2^+$ and HD$^+$ molecular ions at $mα^6$ order
Creators: name: Korobov, Vladimir
name: Karr, Jean-Philippe
name: Haidar, Mohammad
name: Zhong, Zhen-Xiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A complete effective Hamiltonian for relativistic corrections at orders $mα^6$ and $mα^6(m/M)$ in a one-electron molecular system is derived from the NRQED Lagrangian. It includes spin-independent corrections to the energy levels and spin-spin scalar interactions contributing to the hyperfine splitting, both of which had been studied previously. In addition, corrections to electron spin-orbit and spin-spin tensor interactions are newly obtained. This allows improving the hyperfine structure theory in the hydrogen molecular ions. Improved values of the spin-orbit hyperfine coefficient are calculated for a few transitions of current experimental interest.