cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Approach to Clarify the Cause of Handling Defects in Silicon Heterojunction Cell Production through the Interplay of Different Imaging Techniques
Creators: name: Fischer, A.
name: Vulcanean, I.V.
name: Moldovan, A.
name: Rentsch, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Heterojunction Solar Cells

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 541-545
description: Within this paper, a systematic approach will be presented to clarify the origin of locally reduced carrier lifetime caused by conveyor belts and vacuum grippers used for automated wafer handling. The most sensitive handling step in silicon heterojunction production is between wet-chemical cleaning and amorphous-Silicon (a-Si) layer deposition by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). In this state the wafer surface should be clean, defect-free and H-terminated what should not be altered by the automation. The handling takes place at room temperature before first side a-Si layer deposition and at elevated temperatures, resulting from residual heat of the previous deposition, before second side deposition. This paper focuses on the interplay of different imaging techniques to identify the cause of conveyor belt and gripper induced locally reduced carrier lifetime. Photoluminescence imaging (PL) is used to display the electrical properties of the passivated silicon surface in a spatially resolved manner. In addition micro photoluminescence imaging (µ-PL) images were taken to examine details in a small area. These images are applied to navigate to the handling system induced defects on the wafer surface by image navigation in a scanning electron microscope (SEM). At the end of the investigation chain, electron dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) is used to analyze the found irregularities concerning their chemical composition.
Forecasting Winter Wheat Basis with Soil Moisture Measurements
Creators: name: Miller, Noah
name: Taylor, Mykel
name: Ciampitti, Ignacio
name: Tack, Jesse
name: Miller, Noah
name: Taylor, Mykel
name: Ciampitti, Ignacio
name: Tack, Jesse
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: basis forecasting
subject: climate data

description: Recent literature on basis forecasting has attempted to improve upon naive forecasts by incorporating current marketing year information (in the form of basis deviation from historical levels). Given that basis is determined at each grain elevator location, inclusion of proxies for current, local supply conditions could alternatively improve upon naive forecasts. Large weather datasets have been effectively utilized in the agronomy literature to predict harvest yields in real time, however they have, to the best of our knowledge, not been incorporated into any previous basis price forecasting research. Here we match 858 weekly elevator-level, winter wheat price observations (spread over eight states and spanning 14 years) to gridded soil moisture readings (at a 0.25 x 0.25 spatial resolution) obtained from the European Space Agency and forecast winter wheat harvest basis from each weekly vantage point within the growing season. Our results indicate that inclusion of soil moisture into basis forecasts can substantially improve harvest basis forecasts for forecasts made in the middle and final part of the growing season; this result is improved upon further by disaggregating the data and forecasting at the sub-state, regional level.
Intra-Day Solar Irradiance Forecasting for PV Power Generation Utilising Machine Learning Models
Creators: name: Theocharides, S.
name: Makrides, G.
name: Theristis, M.
name: Georghiou, G.E.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: PV Systems and Storage – Modelling, Design, Operation and Performance
Solar Resource and Forecasting

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1433-1438
description: Accurate PV production forecasting is an important feature that can assist utilities and plant operators in the direction of energy management and dispatchability planning. In this work, intra-day (1 to 3 hour-ahead) solar irradiance forecasting utilising Support Vector Machines for Regression (SVR) is derived in order to feed to an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) trained for PV power generation forecasting (1 to 3 hours ahead). This study focused on the improvement of intra-day PV power forecasting through improved solar irradiance forecasting by leveraging data-driven machine learning models that could record the solar irradiance profile and the behaviour of the PV system. The bestperforming models comprised of 3 parameters for the solar irradiance forecasting in-plane global irradiance (GI), elevation angle () and azimuth angle (s)) and 4 parameter the PV power forecasting model. (GI, ambient temperature (Tamb), and s). In addition, the results obtained over the test set period demonstrated that the intra-day PV power forecasting demonstrated a daily-normalised root mean square error (nRMSE) of 3.52% to 7.84% (solar irradiance forecasting nRMSE was 2.93% to 6.52%) indicating that both models have recorded the behaviour of their respective parameters.
The Economic Case for IBC Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells
Creators: name: Vasudevan, R.
name: Harrison, S.
name: Guillaume, P.
name: Ribeyron, P.J.
name: Muñoz, D.
name: Roux, C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Heterojunction Solar Cells

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 546-551
description: Interdigitated back contacted (IBC) solar cells based on silicon heterojunction (SHJ) technologies have been steadily gaining interest due to record breaking efficiencies at the laboratory scale. However, most SHJ-IBC solar cell design architectures require increased process flow complexity, which bring their commercial viability into question. In this work, the cost of ownership (CoO) of SHJ-IBC solar cells and modules using self-aligned tunnelcontacts is projected. This is compared to the CoO of conventional SHJ and PERC technologies. We project a module CoO of only 0.275 €/Wpk for the SHJ-IBC concept, which is less than the CoO of standard SHJ modules but still marginally higher than PERC modules. This implies that the SHJ-IBC concept evaluated in this work, using tunnel-contacts can, indeed, be cost-competitive with leading high efficiency technologies at the industrial scale.
Detailed Loss Analysis for Wall Mounted Photovoltaic Systems at High Latitude; A Comparison of Multicrystalline Si- to CIGS- Modules
Creators: name: Otnes, G.
name: Øgaard, M.B.
name: Milde, L.T.
name: Foss, S.E.
name: Selj, J.H.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: PV Systems and Storage – Modelling, Design, Operation and Performance
Operation, Performance and Maintenance of PV Systems

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1621-1626
description: With photovoltaic (PV) energy gaining traction in more and more markets, opportunities emerge for more differentiated and specialized technologies. Different PV technologies might hold advantages in specific climates and/or mounting configurations, both in terms of performance and degradation behaviour. At high latitudes, wallmounted or façade-integrated PV is an especially interesting option for distributed PV, for several reasons. Here we quantify the conditions such a PV system will operate under and present a comparative analysis of two wall-mounted PV systems in Norway (59.9 °N): copper-indium-gallium-selenide (CIGS) vs multicrystalline silicon (mc-Si). A large part of the available insolation for these systems is received at low irradiance levels and/or high angle of incidence, e.g. 59 % of total insolation is incoming at irradiances below 600 W/m2 and/or at an angle of incidence higher than 60°. The analysis indicate that the mc-Si modules have better performance compared to CIGS at low irradiance levels and high angle of incidence, relative to standard testing conditions.
Automation of Silicone Solar Module Production with Low-Cost Tape Interconnection Method
Creators: name: Buddgård, J.
name: Lagerstedt, T.
name: Machirant, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: New Materials and Concepts for Photovoltaic Devices
New Materials and Concepts for Cells and Modules

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 46-49
description: The purpose of this work is to find an accurate and high-speed method to automate module production with the tape solution. The purpose of the tape solution itself is to reduce production cost for conventional photovoltaic modules by reducing the amount of silver used in the grid on the photovoltaic cell and simplify the method of interconnection of individual PV cells. A novel method of applying bus bars and interconnecting individual cells into a module is proposed. The new method has the possibility to reduces the amount of silver by 25%. Furthermore, the interconnection of individual cells to a module is simplified, thus making the production less costly and more robust. Finally, soldering can be completed without the use of lead and at a lower temperature (150-160°C) which enables the use of cells featuring advanced temperature sensitive architecture like HJT solar cells. We have previously disclosed the results of different long-term stability tests for this tape interconnection method but this time we will present the work of automate the tape application and stringing method with the tape method. Challenges like speed and accuracy will be tested during the spring of 2019 and the result will be presented in this work. We will also present the test results of solar modules produced with the proposed automation method.
Inkjet-Printing of Phosphorus and Boron Dopant Sources for Tunnel Oxide Passivating Contacts
Creators: name: Kiaee, Z.
name: Reichel, C.
name: Keding, R.
name: Nazarzadeh, M.
name: Lohmann, R.
name: Feldmann, F.
name: Jahn, M.
name: Huyeng, J.D.
name: Hermle, M.
name: Clement, F.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Homojunction Solar Cells

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 187-191
description: This paper presents inkjet-printing of phosphorus and boron dopant inks for the formation of tunnel oxide passivating contacts (TOPCon) for back-contact back-junction (BC-BJ) silicon solar cells. The successful realization of passivating contacts utilizing printing technologies is a crucial prerequisite to simplify the fabrication process of BC-BJ cells while approaching the theoretical efficiency limit of silicon solar cells. In this work, the focus is set on developing inkjet printing processes for the application of dopant sources towards higher precision, homogeneity of printed lines and lifetime, in order to establish high passivation quality for TOPCon. Excellent passivation quality is achieved for inkjetprinted n-type (phosphorus) poly-Si surfaces with an implied open-circuit voltage iVOC of up to 733 mV and an implied fill factor iFF of up to 86.4%. For p-type (boron) poly-Si, iVOC of up to 682 mV and iFF of 80.6% were achieved. Similar results were realized by ion-implanted poly-Si surfaces, herein used as the reference, underlining the high potential of the investigated printing processes
Mixed properties of slow magnetoacoustic and entropy waves in a plasma with heating/cooling misbalance
Creators: name: Zavershinskii, D. I.
name: Kolotkov, D. Y.
name: Riashchikov, D. S.
name: Molevich, N. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The processes of the coronal plasma heating and cooling were previously shown to significantly affect the dynamics of slow magnetoacoustic (MA) waves, causing amplification or attenuation, and also dispersion. However, the entropy mode is also excited in such a thermodynamically active plasma and is affected by the heating/cooling misbalance too. This mode is usually associated with the phenomenon of coronal rain and formation of prominences. Unlike the adiabatic plasmas, the properties and evolution of slow MA and entropy waves in continuously heated and cooling plasmas get mixed. Different regimes of the misbalance lead to a variety of scenarios for the initial perturbation to evolve. In order to describe properties and evolution of slow MA and entropy waves in various regimes of the misbalance, we obtained an exact analytical solution of the linear evolutionary equation. Using the characteristic timescales and the obtained exact solution, we identified regimes with qualitatively different behaviour of slow MA and entropy modes. For some of those regimes, the spatio-temporal evolution of the initial Gaussian pulse is shown. In particular, it is shown that slow MA modes may have a range of non-propagating harmonics. In this regime, perturbations caused by slow MA and entropy modes in a low-$β$ plasma would look identically in observations, as non-propagating disturbances of the plasma density (and temperature) either growing or decaying with time. We also showed that the partition of the initial energy between slow MA and entropy modes depends on the properties of the heating and cooling processes involved. The obtained exact analytical solution could be further applied to the interpretation of observations and results of numerical modelling of slow MA waves in the corona and the formation and evolution of coronal rain.
description: Accepted for publication in Solar Physics
About the Power to Enforce and Prevent Consensus by Manipulating Communication Rules
Creators: name: Lorenz, Jan
name: Urbig, Diemo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the possibilities of enforcing and preventing consensus in continuous opinion dynamics that result from modifications in the communication rules. We refer to the model of Weisbuch and Deffuant, where $n$ agents adjust their continuous opinions as a result of random pairwise encounters whenever their opinions differ not more than a given bound of confidence $\eps$. A high $\eps$ leads to consensus, while a lower $\eps$ leads to a fragmentation into several opinion clusters. We drop the random encounter assumption and ask: How small may $\eps$ be such that consensus is still possible with a certain communication plan for the entire group? Mathematical analysis shows that $\eps$ may be significantly smaller than in the random pairwise case. On the other hand we ask: How large may $\eps$ be such that preventing consensus is still possible? In answering this question we prove Fortunato's simulation result that consensus cannot be prevented for $\eps>0.5$ for large groups. % Next we consider opinion dynamics under different individual strategies and examine their power to increase the chances of consensus. One result is that balancing agents increase chances of consensus, especially if the agents are cautious in adapting their opinions. However, curious agents increase chances of consensus only if those agents are not cautious in adapting their opinions.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures
A principle-based system for natural language analysis and translation
Creators: name: Crocker, Matthew Walter
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Traditional views of grammatical theory hold that languages are characterised by sets of constructions. This approach entails the enumeration of all possible constructions for each language being described. Current theories of transformational generative grammar have established an alternative position. Specifically, Chomsky's Government-Binding theory proposes a system of principles which are common to human language. Such a theory is referred to as a "Universal Grammar"(UG). Associated with the principles of grammar are parameters of variation which account for the diversity of human languages. The grammar for a particular language is known as a "Core Grammar", and is characterised by an appropriately parametrised instance of UG. Despite these advances in linguistic theory, construction-based approaches have remained the status quo within the field of natural language processing. This thesis investigates the possibility of developing a principle-based system which reflects the modular nature of the linguistic theory. That is, rather than stipulating the possible constructions of a language, a system is developed which uses the principles of grammar and language specific parameters to parse language. Specifically, a system-is presented which performs syntactic analysis and translation for a subset of English and German. The cross-linguistic nature of the theory is reflected by the system which can be considered a procedural model of UG.
Performance and Reliability of Bifacial Modules Using a Transparent Backsheet
Creators: name: Gambogi, W.J.
name: Demko, M.
name: Felder, T.
name: MacMaster, S.
name: Yu, B.-L.
name: Borne, A.
name: Hu, H.
name: Pan, Z.
name: Roy-Choudhury, K.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Photovoltaic Modules and BoS Components
PV Module Design, Manufacture, Performance and Reliability

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1054-1058
description: Bifacial PV modules have gained greater acceptance into the PV industry by offering higher output power for the same module design. By making efficient use of light from the front and back side of the module, a greater portion of the available solar irradiance is converted to useful power. At the same time, these modules have a dependence of the available albedo light scattered by the atmosphere and reflected by the ground cover. Transparent backsheets have been developed based on transparent polyvinyl fluoride (PVF) films optimized for long term durability. These PVF films are combined with a transparent polyester film core and inner layer to form a transparent backsheet with high performance and reliability. These transparent backsheets are compatible with established PV module fabrication processes and equipment. Extensive durability testing has been conducted to confirm long term performance. Bifacial modules have been produced using these transparent backsheets and tested beyond established qualification conditions. In addition, multistress testing has been conducted to more effectively assess long term performance. The durability of PVF-based transparent backsheets are compared with other commercial backsheet designs and the performance of bifacial modules using transparent backsheet. Performance and durability of bifacial modules are also compared to glass/glass module constructions.
Characterizing the Angular Distribution of an LED-Based Solar Simulator for PV Modules
Creators: name: Riechelmann, S.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Photovoltaic Modules and BoS Components
PV Module Design, Manufacture, Performance and Reliability

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1138-1140
description: Solar simulators for PV modules often consist of several lamps arranged side by side to provide the irradiance necessary for PV module testing under standard test conditions. Since these simulators are no point sources, the angular distribution of the radiance emitted by the simulators can lead to systematic deviations in measured PV device’s performances. To quantify the opening angle of a solar simulator, pictures of a digital single-lens reflex (DSLR) camera and irradiance measurements of a CCD-array spectroradiometer were combined to derive its approximate spectral radiance distribution. We applied our technique to an LED-based solar simulator, where the radiance of 18 different LED colors could be examined separately and thus an approximation of the spectral radiance emitted by the simulator can be made. An angle of incidence of 15.6° has been observed for this system at the center of a PV module, raising to about 21.5° towards the edge of the test plane.
Influence of Sodium on the Non-Radiative Recombination in Copper Indium Gallium Diselenide Solar Cells
Creators: name: Morawski, M.
name: Maiberg, M.
name: Scheer, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Perovskites, other Non-Silicon-Based Photovoltaics and Multi-Junction Devices
CI(G)S, CdTe and Related Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 601-603
description: We have systematically varied and controlled the sodium content in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGSe) by using a sodium fluoride (NaF) precursor layer deposition. An optimum in terms of the open circuit voltage deficit (VOC) has been found at moderate Na concentrations of about 4 at%. This optimum is reflected in the minority charge carrier lifetimes, as revealed by time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL). According to admittance spectroscopy measurement results, the excessive amounts of Na can introduce deep defects within the CIGSe absorber, which has a negative impact on both lifetimes and the open circuit voltage.
Entangled-State Cycles of Atomic Collective-Spin States
Creators: name: Chia, A.
name: Parkins, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study quantum trajectories of collective atomic spin states of $N$ effective two-level atoms driven with laser and cavity fields. We show that interesting ``entangled-state cycles'' arise probabilistically when the (Raman) transition rates between the two atomic levels are set equal. For odd (even) $N$, there are $(N+1)/2$ ($N/2$) possible cycles. During each cycle the $N$-qubit state switches, with each cavity photon emission, between the states $(|N/2,m>\pm |N/2,-m>)/\sqrt{2}$, where $|N/2,m>$ is a Dicke state in a rotated collective basis. The quantum number $m$ ($>0$), which distinguishes the particular cycle, is determined by the photon counting record and varies randomly from one trajectory to the next. For even $N$ it is also possible, under the same conditions, to prepare probabilistically (but in steady state) the Dicke state $|N/2,0>$, i.e., an $N$-qubit state with $N/2$ excitations, which is of particular interest in the context of multipartite entanglement.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
Canary in the Coal Mine: COVID-19 and Soybean Futures Market Liquidity
Creators: name: Peng, Kun
name: Hu, Zhepeng
name: Robe, Michel A.
name: Adjemian, Michael K.
name: Peng, Kun
name: Hu, Zhepeng
name: Robe, Michel A.
name: Adjemian, Michael K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: COVID-19
subject: Financial market liquidity
subject: Agricultural commodities
subject: China
subject: Precursor

description: We document the impact of the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic on liquidity in U.S. agricultural markets. Notably, we show that soybean futures-market depth collapses weeks before the U.S. financial markets' crash of March 2020. Soybean futures liquidity is affected the earliest, the most, and the longest. Soybean depth drops by half for outright futures and by over 90 percent for calendar spreads, and soybean bid-ask spreads increase significantly. This liquidity pullback starts on the night of February 12 to 13, 2020 - a full two weeks before (i) liquidity evaporates in U.S. bond and equity markets and (ii) soybean prices start to fall sharply. The start of the soybean liquidity pullback coincides with overnight news of bleak COVID-19 developments in China (a dominant source of world demand for oilseeds). Following a series of emergency interventions by the U.S. Federal Reserve in March and April 2020, liquidity recovers in the soybean outright futures market - but depth remains abnormally low for calendar spreads. These patterns cannot be explained by other factors, such as seasonalities or changes in soybean futures trading volume and price volatility: the COVID-19 shock was novel, and it destroyed soybean-market liquidity in a way that foretold financial-market developments two weeks later. In contrast to soybeans, we find little evidence of a drop in corn or wheat futures liquidity until U.S. financial and crude oil markets sink in early March. Soybeans were truly the canary in the coal mine.
Analysis for Low Market Uptake of BIPV. Review of Past Issues and Perspective of Building Integrated Photovoltaic
Creators: name: Krenz, A.
name: Grommes, E.
name: Broß, S.
name: Blieske, U.
name: Flade, F.
name: Becker, G.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Finance, Markets and Policies
Costs, Economics, Finance and Markets

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1960-1965
description: Past issues and perspectives of Building Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) are investigated. A higher market share of BIPV could be reached through being cost competitive, achieving social awareness and acceptance through improving aesthetics and offering more application areas as a replacement for conventional building materials. Morpho-colour prints on inlayers, PV-roof-tiles and deep-textured module surfaces are considered to be promising technologies for a future market penetration of BIPV. Two awarded examples of BIPV projects in Europe are investigated in more detail.
Avacopan: First Approval
Creators: name: Lee, Arnold
Publisher: name: Adis Journals
Year: 2021
Subjects: Medicine

description: Declarations Funding The preparation of this review was not supported by any external funding. Authorship and Conflict of interest During the peer review process the manufacturer of the agent under review was offered an opportunity to comment on the article. Changes resulting from any comments received were made by the authors on the basis of scientific completeness and accuracy. A. Lee is a salaried employee of Adis International Ltd/Springer Nature, and declares no relevant conflicts of interest. All authors contributed to the review and are responsible for the article content. Ethics approval, Consent to participate, Consent to publish, Availability of data and material, Code availability Not applicable.

Additional information about this Adis Drug Review can be found here.
Abstract Avacopan (TAVNEOS™) is a complement 5a receptor (C5aR) antagonist developed by ChemoCentryx for the treatment of autoimmune diseases including anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis. The therapeutic effects of avacopan are attributed to the inhibition of C5aR activity on neutrophils, however, the exact mechanism of therapeutic efficacy in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis has not been established. In September 2021, avacopan received its first approval in Japan for the treatment of microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) and granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), the two most common forms of ANCA-associated vasculitis, where it is being commercialized by Kissei Pharmaceutical through a partnership with Vifor Pharma. In October 2021, avacopan was approved in the USA as an adjunctive treatment in adults for severe active ANCA-associated vasculitis (specifically MPA and GPA) in combination with standard therapy including glucocorticoids (avacopan does not eliminate glucocorticoid use). Avacopan has received a positive opinion in the EU, and is also undergoing regulatory review in Switzerland and Canada. Avacopan is being investigated for the treatment of complement component 3 glomerulopathy, hidradenitis suppurativa, lupus nephritis and IgA nephropathy. This article summarizes the milestones in the development of avacopan leading to these first approvals in Japan and the USA.
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
> 25% Large-Area Industrial Silicon Solar Cell: Learning from History and Future Perspective
Creators: name: Chen, Y.
name: Chen, D.
name: Altermatt, P.P.
name: Xu, G.
name: Wang, Z.
name: Liu, C.
name: Zou, Y.
name: He, Y.
name: Wang, Y.
name: Gong, J.
name: Yuan, L.
name: Liu, W.
name: Chen, Y.
name: Deng, M.
name: Hu, Y.Y.
name: Chen, S.
name: Xiang, J.
name: Shen, H.
name: Zhang, S.
name: Wang, L.
name: Zhang, X.
name: Yang, Y.
name: Feng, Z.
name: Verlinden, P.J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Manufacturing & Production of Si Cells

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 294-299
description: Over the decades, photovoltaics laboratories and industry have worked intensely to improve the silicon solar cell efficiency to approach the theoretical limit, by demonstration of a champion cell and by industrialization of such cell concepts. There are several well-known cell concepts that have been successful both in academia and in GW scale production, like the Passivated Emitter and Rear cell (PERC), the heterojunction with intrinsic thin-layer (HIT) cell or heterojunction technology (HJT) cell, and the interdigitated back contact (IBC) cell. This poses the question of how to further improve the industrial cell efficiency to over 25% with reasonable cost. In this paper, we review the latest champion cells developed by different institutes or companies, and we find that some new hybrid bifacial solar cells with passivating contacts (via intrinsic a-Si/doped a-Si, or tunnel SiOx/doped poly Si) can be potentially new areas to focus on. An efficiency drop of about 1%abs from the best champion cell to mass production median efficiency at that time is observed. In the second part of the paper, we report on the mass production of our new largearea bifacial i-TOPCon (industrial tunnel oxide passivating contact) cells with an average front side efficiency over 23%, and a champion laboratory cell with 24.58%, confirmed by ISFH CalTeC. The champion large-area screenprinted IBC cell, passivated with SiOx/n-poly, reaches an efficiency of 25.04%, confirmed by JET. Our double glass bifacial modules, consisting of 60 pcs of 161.7 mm i-TOPCon cells, have a standard power over 350 Wp. Finally, an overall gain of 6.5% of our bifacial modules is demonstrated by a direct and fair comparison with other modules in a 100 kW system installed over a lake in Changzhou and monitored over two years.
A computational vision system for joint angle sensing
Creators: name: Mulligan, I. Jane
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The research described was aimed at developing passive vision techniques to perform kinematic calibration for a multi-link manipulator, in near real time. Working with a single image of the arm of a Caterpillar excavator, edges are extracted first, then the constrained nature of the problem allows filtering of edge elements to select only those potentially arising from the arm. A model based matching process is performed on this refined data to determine the desired joint angles quickly and efficiently. Methods of exploiting the parallel nature of these techniques are also described.
Aerial View of Lee Avenue
Creators: name: Wood, Robert
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: Photographs
Photos
Historic buildings
East Hampton
Structures
Aerial views

description: This image by Professor Robert Wood shows a aerial view of Lee Avenue located in East Hampton. This image is courtesy of Elizabeth Bogert and this reproduction was collected sometime from 1970 to 1982 as part of the East Hampton’s Heritage Photo Collection.
description: Images within East Hampton Heritage Photo Collection seem to have been taken or collected in relation to the East Hampton Heritage project, but not all of them were included in the final publication. Several photographer are included in this collection.
Multiple Linear Regression Model for Evaluation of Indoor and Outdoor Measurements of Chalcopyrite Thin Film Modules
Creators: name: Farías Basulto, G.A.
name: Reyes-Figueroa, P.
name: Aghaei, M.
name: Ulbrich, C.
name: Szyszka, B.
name: Schlatmann, R.
name: Klenk, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Photovoltaic Modules and BoS Components
PV Module Design, Manufacture, Performance and Reliability

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1141-1145
description: The aim of this work is to develop an algorithm, which condenses datasets of important electrical parameters of solar modules, from indoor or outdoor measurements, into four predictors (per parameter) and, based on this, to calculate or estimate the expected electrical parameters of the evaluated module for arbitrary illuminations and temperatures. With these calculations, it is possible to evaluate or rate modules at different conditions. The measurements were performed on CIGSSe thin film solar modules. The presented model has been successfully applied, employing both indoors and outdoors datasets, and validated with high correlation values. Finally, other insights regarding useful applications of the model are presented.
Additional file 3 of The pro-inflammatory effects of combined exposure to diesel exhaust particles and mineral particles in human bronchial epithelial cells
Creators: name: Grytting, Vegard Sæter
name: Chand, Prem
name: Låg, Marit
name: Øvrevik, Johan
name: Refsnes, Magne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3: Table S1. Mineralogical composition of the anorthosite, rhomb porphyry and quartz diorite samples.
Illustration of quantum complementarity using single photons interfering on a grating
Creators: name: Jacques, V.
name: Lai, N. D.
name: Dreau, A.
name: Zheng, D.
name: Chauvat, D.
name: Treussart, F.
name: Grangier, P.
name: Roch, J-F
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recent experiment performed by S. S. Afshar et al. has been interpreted as a violation of Bohr's complementarity principle between interference visibility and which-path information in a two-path interferometer. We have reproduced this experiment, using true single-photon pulses propagating in a two-path wavefront- splitting interferometer realized with a Fresnel's biprism, and followed by a grating with adjustable transmitting slits. The measured values of interference visibility V and which-path information, characterized by the distinguishability parameter D, are found to obey the complementarity relation V^2+D^2=<1. This result demonstrates that the experiment can be perfectly explained by the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Magnetic helicity effects in astrophysical and laboratory dynamos
Creators: name: Brandenburg, A
name: Käpylä, P J
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic helicity effects are discussed in laboratory and astrophysical settings. First, dynamo action in Taylor-Green flows is discussed for different boundary conditions. However, because of the lack of scale separation with respect to the container, no large scale field is being produced and there is no resistively slow saturation phase as otherwise expected. Second, the build-up of a large scale field is demonstrated in a simulation where a localized magnetic eddy produces field on a larger scale if the eddy possesses a swirl. Such a set-up might be realizable experimentally through coils. Finally, new emerging issues regarding the connection between magnetic helicity and the solar dynamo are discussed. It is demonstrated that dynamos with a non-local (Babcock-Leighton type) alpha effect can also be catastrophically quenched, unless there are magnetic helicity fluxes.
description: 25 pages, 16 figures, accepted by New Journal of Physics, special edition
Evidence-based polytherapies and long-term mortality after acute myocardial infarction in very old subjects compared with elderly and adults: a nested case-control study
Aderenze alle terapie evidence-based per la prevenzione secondaria dell'infarto miocardico acuto e impatto su mortalita' e insorgenza di eventi avversi cardiovascolari
Creators: name: Lenzi, Jacopo <1985>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: MED/01 Statistica medica

description: Background: Clinical trials have demonstrated that selected secondary prevention medications for patients after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) reduce mortality. Yet, these medications are generally underprescribed in daily practice, and older people are often absent from drug trials.
Objectives: To examine the relationship between adherence to evidence-based (EB) drugs and post-AMI mortality, focusing on the effects of single therapy and polytherapy in very old patients (≥80 years) compared with elderly and adults (<80 years).
Methods: Patients hospitalised for AMI between 01/01/2008 and 30/06/2011 and resident in the Local Health Authority of Bologna were followed up until 31/12/2011. Medication adherence was calculated as the proportion of days covered for filled prescriptions of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs)/angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, antiplatelet drugs, and statins. We adopted a risk set sampling method, and the adjusted relationship between medication adherence (PDC≥75%) and mortality was investigated using conditional multiple logistic regression.
Results: The study population comprised 4861 patients. During a median follow-up of 2.8 years, 1116 deaths (23.0%) were observed. Adherence to the 4 EB drugs was 7.1%, while nonadherence to any of the drugs was 19.7%. For both patients aged ≥80 years and those aged <80 years, rate ratios of death linearly decreased as the number of EB drugs taken increased. There was a significant inverse relationship between adherence to each of 4 medications and mortality, although its magnitude was higher for ACEIs/ARBs (adj. rate ratio=0.60, 95%CI=0.52–0.69) and statins (0.60, 0.50–0.72), and lower for β-blockers (0.75, 0.61–0.92) and antiplatelet drugs (0.73, 0.63–0.84).
Conclusions: The beneficial effect of EB polytherapy on long-term mortality following AMI is evident also in nontrial older populations. Given that adherence to combination therapies is largely suboptimal, the implementation of strategies and initiatives to increase the use of post-AMI secondary preventive medications in old patients is crucial.
Fleming's bound for the decay of mixed states
Creators: name: Fröwis, Florian
name: Grübl, Gebhard
name: Penz, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fleming's inequality is generalized to the decay function of mixed states. We show that for any symmetric hamiltonian $h$ and for any density operator $ρ$ on a finite dimensional Hilbert space with the orthogonal projection $Π$ onto the range of $ρ$ there holds the estimate $\Tr(Π\rme^{-\rmi ht}ρ\rme^{\rmi ht}) \geq\cos^{2}((Δh)_ρt) $ for all real $t$ with $(Δh)_ρ| t| \leqπ/2.$ We show that equality either holds for all $t\in\mathbb{R}$ or it does not hold for a single $t$ with $0
description: 12 pages
Maximum Order Size and Agricultural Futures Market Quality: Evidence from a Natural Experiment
Creators: name: Peng, Kun
name: Hu, Zhepeng
name: Robe, Michel A.
name: Peng, Kun
name: Hu, Zhepeng
name: Robe, Michel A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Maximum order size
subject: Calendar spreads
subject: Liquidity
subject: Volatility

description: We exploit an exchange-mandated increase of the maximum order size, in the U.S. corn calendar spread market, in order to investigate the connection between exogenous constraints on order placement and execution, volatility, and liquidity. We show that the old maximum of 2,500 contracts was binding, and that demand exists for placing and executing much larger orders. The limit-order book depth (at the best bid and ask) increases dramatically after the exchange quadruples the maximum order size to 10,000 contracts. Intraday realized volatility is not statistically significantly different before and after the rule change. Amid increased market depth and stable volatility, we document that quoted and effective spreads both narrow significantly and that the price impact of large trades is smaller. In sum, market quality is higher after the maximum order size change.
PArthENoPE Revolutions
Creators: name: Gariazzo, S.
name: de Salas, P. F.
name: Pisanti, O.
name: Consiglio, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents the main features of a new and updated version of the program PArthENoPE, which the community has been using for many years for computing the abundances of light elements produced during Big Bang Nucleosynthesis. This is the third release of the PArthENoPE code, after the 2008 and the 2018 ones, and will be distributed from the code's website, http://parthenope.na.infn.it. Apart from minor changes, the main improvements in this new version include a revisited implementation of the nuclear rates for the most important reactions of deuterium destruction, H2(p,gamma)He3, H2(d, n)He3 and H2(d, p)H3, and a re-designed GUI, which extends the functionality of the previous one. The new GUI, in particular, supersedes the previous tools for running over grids of parameters with a better management of parallel runs, and it offers a brand-new set of functions for plotting the results.
description: 28 pages, 7 figures
Coexistence of ordered and disordered phases in Potts models in the continuum
Creators: name: De Masi, Anna
name: Merola, Immacolata
name: Presutti, Errico
name: Vignaud, Yvon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 82B21, 82B26

description: This is the second of two papers on a continuum version of the Potts model, where particles are points in $\mathbb R^d$, $d\ge 2$, with a spin which may take $S\ge 3$ possible values. Particles with different spins repel each other via a Kac pair potential of range $\ga^{-1}$, $\ga>0$. In this paper we prove phase transition, namely we prove that if the scaling parameter of the Kac potential is suitably small, given any temperature there is a value of the chemical potential such that at the given temperature and chemical potential there exist $S+1$ mutually distinct DLR measures.
description: 57 pages, 1 figure
Do Extreme CIT Position Levels Have Market Impacts in Grain Futures Markets?
Creators: name: Li, Jiarui
name: Irwin, Scott H.
name: Etienne, Xiaoli L.
name: Li, Jiarui
name: Irwin, Scott H.
name: Etienne, Xiaoli L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Agriculture
subject: Commodity
subject: Futures markets
subject: Index investment
subject: Masters Hypothesis

description: The "Masters Hypothesis" argues that the growing buying pressure from commodity index funds since 2000 drove up food and energy prices. A group of studies use linear Granger causality tests to examine the relationship between the speculative pressure and futures prices in agricultural futures markets. Some of them find little evidence to support the Masters Hypothesis, however, some of them find significant statistical links between the two series. We add the results from the quantile Granger causality test and the newly developed quantile dependence measure called cross-quantilogram to the standard linear Granger causality tests. Our findings suggest from 2004 to 2019, both extreme quantiles and the mean frameworks do not provide any supporting evidence for the Masters Hypothesis.
ความยินยอมต่อการตายโดยสงบของผู้ป่วยเด็ก : ศึกษาเปรียบเทียบบประเทศเนเธอร์แลนด์ เบลเยียม และสหราชอาณาจักร (Minor Patients' Consents to Euthanasia: Comparative Study of the Netherlands, Belgium and the United Kingdom)
Creators: name: สิรินทิพย์ สมใจ
Publisher: name: คณะนิติศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยนเรศวร
Year: 2562
Subjects: ความยินยอมของเด็ก การตายโดยสงบ ความสามารถในการตัดสินใจของผู้ป่วยเด็กประโยชน์สูงสุดของเด็ก หลักอัลโตโนมี Minors' Consent, Euthanasia, Capability to Make Decisions of the Child, The Best Interest of the Child, Autonomy

description: วารสารนิติศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยนเรศวร, 12, 1, 47-66
LeTID - A Comparison of Test Methods on Module Level
Creators: name: Fokuhl, E.
name: Naeem, T.
name: Schmid, A.
name: Gebhardt, P.
name: Geipel, T.
name: Philipp, D.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Photovoltaic Modules and BoS Components
PV Module Design, Manufacture, Performance and Reliability

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 816-821
description: Light and elevated Temperature Induced Degradation (LeTID) can lead to significant power losses within the first months or years of PV module operation. Comparably slow degradation rates and the superposition of degradation and regeneration processes challenge the design of time- and cost-efficient but reliable test procedures. We investigate performance changes of commercially available standard modules and mini-modules during LeTID tests at different test conditions, varying test temperature and injection level. When increasing temperature and injection level, we observe significant differences between the acceleration of degradation and regeneration processes as well as the amount of detected degradation for monocrystalline and multicrystalline PERC modules. This has to be taken into account when performing accelerated LeTID tests.
Design and implementation of a token bus protocol for a power line local area network
Creators: name: Gu, Hua
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis presents the development and implementation of a token bus protocol for a Power Line Local Area Network (PLLAN) which utilizes intra-building power distribution circuit as the physical transmission medium. This medium provides a low cost means for data communications with a high degree of portability. Due to the characteristics of the power line and the prototype modem, the network would be easily saturated with data and would have a high collision probabilities. The IEEE 802.4 token bus standard is modified to fit the PLLAN and to bring its performance up. A comparative performance of the original protocol and the modified version shows that the latter provides an improvement in network throughput of up to 15 percent and a reduction in the network join-ring delay of up to 20 percent for a wide workload range. The performance figures of the modified version in a power line network of three SUN 3/50 workstations¹ transmitting at 9.6 kilo-bit per second is also presented and analyzed. ¹Sun workstation is a trademark of Sun Microsystems.