cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Search for long-lived gravitational-wave transients coincident with long gamma-ray bursts
Creators: name: Aasi, J.
name: Allen, Bruce
name: Ast, Stefan
name: Aufmuth, Peter
name: Danzmann, Karsten
name: Kaufer, S.
name: Lück, Harald
name: Meier, Tobias
name: Schnabel, R.
name: Vahlbruch, H.
name: Willke, Benno
name: Et Al.
name: LIGO Scientific Collaboration
name: Collaboration, Virgo
Publisher: name: College Park, MD : American Physical Society
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Gravitational waves
subject: Gamma-Ray Bursts
subject: Gravitationswelle
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have been linked to extreme core-collapse supernovae from massive stars. Gravitational waves (GW) offer a probe of the physics behind long GRBs. We investigate models of long-lived (∼10–1000 s) GW emission associated with the accretion disk of a collapsed star or with its protoneutron star remnant. Using data from LIGO’s fifth science run, and GRB triggers from the Swift experiment, we perform a search for unmodeled long-lived GW transients. Finding no evidence of GW emission, we place 90% confidence-level upper limits on the GW fluence at Earth from long GRBs for three waveforms inspired by a model of GWs from accretion disk instabilities. These limits range from F<3.5 ergs cm−2 to F<1200 ergs cm−2, depending on the GRB and on the model, allowing us to probe optimistic scenarios of GW production out to distances as far as ≈33 Mpc. Advanced detectors are expected to achieve strain sensitivities 10× better than initial LIGO, potentially allowing us to probe the engines of the nearest long GRBs. © 2013 The American Physical Society
Knowledge Distillation for Feature Extraction in Underwater VSLAM
Creators: name: Yang, Jinghe
name: Gong, Mingming
name: Nair, Girish
name: Lee, Jung Hoon
name: Monty, Jason
name: Pu, Ye
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years, learning-based feature detection and matching have outperformed manually-designed methods in in-air cases. However, it is challenging to learn the features in the underwater scenario due to the absence of annotated underwater datasets. This paper proposes a cross-modal knowledge distillation framework for training an underwater feature detection and matching network (UFEN). In particular, we use in-air RGBD data to generate synthetic underwater images based on a physical underwater imaging formation model and employ these as the medium to distil knowledge from a teacher model SuperPoint pretrained on in-air images. We embed UFEN into the ORB-SLAM3 framework to replace the ORB feature by introducing an additional binarization layer. To test the effectiveness of our method, we built a new underwater dataset with groundtruth measurements named EASI (https://github.com/Jinghe-mel/UFEN-SLAM), recorded in an indoor water tank for different turbidity levels. The experimental results on the existing dataset and our new dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of our method.
description: Accepted by IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA 2023),6 pages
title: Формирование провалов в диаграмме направленности активной ФАР с использованием свойств отношения эрмитовых форм при снижении искажений диаграммы направленности
Creators: name: ., Б.Д. Мануилов – Засл. деятель науки РФ, д.т.н., профессор, вед. науч. сотрудник, ФГУП «РНИИРС» ФНПЦ М.Б. Мануилов – д.ф.-м.н., доцент, декан физического факультета, зав. кафедрой,Южный федеральный университет С.А. Бородовский – инженер 1-й кат., ФГУП «РНИИРС» ФНПЦ А.Ю. Падий – инженер 1-й кат., ФГУП «РНИИРС» ФНПЦ
Publisher: name: Издательство Радиотехника
Year: 2019

description: Постановка проблемы. При формировании провалов в диаграммах направленности (ДН) активных фазированных антенных решеток (АФАР), осуществляемом с использованием экстремальных свойств характеристических чисел пучка эрмитовых форм, обеспечивается максимизация отношения мощности сигнала к мощности помех и шума, однако форма ДН при этом существенно деформируется.
Цель. Изучить способы снижения искажений ДН активной ФАР при формировании в ней провалов в направлениях источников помех с помощью свойств отношения эрмитовых форм.
Результаты. Для решения поставленной задачи разработан метод формирования провалов в ДН АФАР в заданных направлениях с использованием свойств отношения эрмитовых форм при снижении искажений исходной ДН, а также продемонстрированы возможности метода при формировании провалов в ДН различных типов (косекансной, столообразной и чебышевской) и сделана оценка оперативности метода.
Практическая значимость. Показано, что в отличие от других методов подавления помех время определения комплексных амплитуд токов предложенным методом слабо зависит от числа помеховых сигналов. Поэтому при большом числе помех данный метод может оказаться предпочтительным.
Interspecific introgression and widespread intraspecific gene flow in a clade of tropical and subtropical seabirds
Creators: name: Jackson, Danny
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Sequence alignment
Sula sula
Sula leucogaster
Sula nebouxii
Sula granti
Sula variegata
Sula dactylatra
whole genome sequencing
Seabirds
Genomics

description: The mechanisms that restrict gene flow between populations and facilitate population differentiation and speciation vary across the tree of life. In systems where physical barriers to gene flow are dynamic over time and space, such as many marine species, genetic introgression may be a major factor in the speciation process. In sympatric species of seabirds, hybridization has been frequently observed but few studies have investigated patterns of introgression. We used whole-genome sequence data to test for interspecific introgression between five pairs of tropical and subtropical seabird species and to test for gene flow within species across major land mass barriers and ocean basins. We found evidence for introgression between: blue-footed (Sula nebouxii) and Peruvian boobies (S. variegata); masked (S. dactylatra) and Nazca boobies (S. granti); and blue-footed and Nazca boobies. We found no evidence of introgression between blue-footed and brown boobies (S. leucogaster), or masked and brown boobies, despite observed hybridization between these species. We also found evidence for gene flow across several major land masses in three pantropical species: red-footed (S. sula), brown, and masked boobies. Finally, we report mixed evidence for ancient introgression between brown boobies and the ancestor of blue-footed, Peruvian, masked, and Nazca boobies. Our work indicates (1) that interspecific introgression has shaped contemporary booby diversity in the eastern Pacific, and (2) that contemporary physical barriers to gene flow between booby colonies are not absolute. Our findings contribute novel insights to the growing body of evidence that introgression is a widespread evolutionary process.
description: Funding provided by: University of Colorado BoulderCrossref Funder Registry ID: https://ror.org/02ttsq026Award Number:
Zum Tieftemperaturverhalten von Na3NO3
Creators: name: Jansen, Martin
Publisher: name: Berlin : De Gruyter
Year: 1982
Subjects: subject: On the Low -Temperature Forms of Na3NO3
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Low temperature Guinier photographs of Na3NO3 ( + 20° → - 140 °C) indicate two phase transitions to M-Na3NO3 and T-Na3NO3 at - 53±3°C and - 122±3°C, respectively. During the phase transitions the main structural features (NO2-[ONa3]: antiperovskite type of structure) remain unchanged. The dynamically disordered NO2- in H-Na3NO3 order to form an antiferroelectric arrangement in T-Na3NO3. Crystal structures for M-Na3NO3 and T-Na3NO3 are proposed.
title: Endangered Species Act Section 7 Formal Consultation and Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act Essential Fish Habitat Consultation for Petrogas Pacific LLC 5-Year Maintenance Program, Whatcom County, Washington, COE Number: NWS-2018-318
titleType: Other
Creators: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service
Publisher: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service
Year: 2019

description: ESA Section 7 Consultation ; WCRO-2018-01066
The effects of dust on the derived photometric parameters of disks and bulges in spiral galaxies
Creators: name: Pastrav, Bogdan A.
name: Popescu, Cristina C.
name: Tuffs, Richard J.
name: Sansom, Anne E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of a study to quantify the effects of dust on the derived photometric parameters of disks (old stellar disks and young stellar disks) and bulges: disk scale-lengths, axis-ratios, central surface-brightness, bulge effective radii and Sersic indexes. The changes in the derived photometric parameters from their intrinsic values (as seen in the absence of dust) were obtained by fitting simulated images of disks and bulges produced using radiative transfer calculations and the model of Popescu et al. (2011). The fits to the simulations were performed using GALFIT 3.0.2 data analysis algorithm and the fitted models were the commonly used infinitely thin disks described by exponential, general Sersic and de Vaucouleurs distributions. We find the young stellar disks to suffer the most severe variation in the photometric parameters due to dust effects. In this context we also present corrections for narrow line (Balmer line) images. Old stellar disks are also significantly affected by dust, in particular when fits are performed with exponential functions. The photometric parameters of bulges are to a lesser extent affected by dust. We also find that the variation of dust corrections with face-on dust opacity and inclination is similar for bulges with different intrinsic stellar emissivities (different Sersic index), with differences manifesting only close to edge-on orientations of the disk. Dust corrections for bulges are found to be insensitive to the choice of the truncation radius and ellipticity of the bulge. All corrections are listed in the Appendix and made available in electronic format.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics, 24 pages, 25 figures, and 34 Appendix pages, containing tables for the online edition
title: Endangered Species Act Section 7(a)(2) Biological Opinion and Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act Essential Fish Habitat Response for the Klaskanine River Boat Ramp project; Clatsop County, Oregon; HUC12- 17080006020 5– Lower Youngs River - Frontal Youngs Bay; Lat. 46.090488 N; Long. -123.754605 W
titleType: Other
Creators: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service
Publisher: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service
Year: 2019

description: ESA Section 7 Consultation ; WCRO-2019-00197
Carex atrata L.
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: A. atrata L. Cat. 196 und 427. 1 Heimerl (Lit. 1884, S. 158-159) hat, entgegen der Darstellung bei Burnat, Fl. Alpes. Marit. VI, 2 (auct. Briquet et Cavillier), S. 176 (1917), eine var. (nicht forma) conferta und eine var. laxiuscula beschrieben. In der ssp. genuina Heimerl (A. atr. L. s. str., A. atr. ssp. atrata Beck, A. atr. ssp. Halleri [Crantz] Hegi). l: Jorat (F.). - 3: Gr. St. Bernhard, beim Hospiz (Sulger 1935), bestätigt die Angabe Muriths und widerlegt die Darstellungbei Vaccari (Cat. Pl. Aoste, I, S. 393 [1909]); Col de Torrent (Beauverd). - 4: Rappental (B. C. W.). Forma oligocephalaTausch- 4: Rappental (B. C.W.).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
title: Endangered Species Act Section 7 Formal Consultation and Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act Essential Fish Habitat Consultation for the Roanoke Reef Houseboat Owners Association Floats, Ramp, and Piling Replacement Project, King County, Washington, COE Number: NWS-2018-132
titleType: Other
Creators: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service
Publisher: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service
Year: 2018

description: ESA Section 7 Consultation ; WCRO-2018-01068
Automorphic correction of the hyperbolic Kac-Moody algebra $E_{10}$
Creators: name: Kim, Henry H.
name: Lee, Kyu-Hwan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study automorphic correction of the hyperbolic Kac-Moody algebra $E_{10}$, using the Borcherds product for O(10,2) attached to a weakly holomorphic modular form of weight -4 for $SL_2(\mathbb Z)$. We also clarify some aspects of automorphic correction for Lorentzian Kac-Moody algebras and give heuristic reasons for the expectation that every Lorentzian Kac-Moody algebra has an automorphic correction.
Volatile dilution during magma injections and implications for volcano explosivity
Creators: name: Cassidy, Mike
name: Castro, Jonathan M.
name: Helo, Christoph
name: Troll, Valentin R.
name: Deegan, Frances M.
name: Muir, Duncan
name: Neave, David A.
name: Mueller, Sebastian P.
Publisher: name: Boulder : Geological Society of America
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Asia
subject: inclusions
subject: Far East
subject: igneous rocks
subject: fluid inclusions
subject: pumice
subject: pyroclastics
subject: Indonesia
subject: Java
subject: magmas
subject: volcanic rocks
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: Magma reservoirs underneath volcanoes grow through episodic emplacement of magma batches. These pulsed magma injections can substantially alter the physical state of the resident magma by changing its temperature, pressure, composition, and volatile content. Here we examine plagioclase phenocrysts in pumice from the 2014 Plinian eruption of Kelud (Indonesia) that record the progressive capture of small melt inclusions within concentric growth zones during crystallization inside a magma reservoir. High-spatial-resolution Raman spectroscopic measurements reveal the concentration of dissolved H2O within the melt inclusions, and provide insights into melt-volatile behavior at the single crystal scale. H2O contents within melt inclusions range from ?0.45 to 2.27 wt% and do not correlate with melt inclusion size or distance from the crystal rim, suggesting that minimal H2O was lost via diffusion. Instead, inclusion H2O contents vary systematically with anorthite content of the host plagioclase (R2 = 0.51), whereby high anorthite content zones are associated with low H2O contents and vice versa. This relationship suggests that injections of hot and H2O-poor magma can increase the reservoir temperature, leading to the dilution of melt H2O contents. In addition to recording hot and H2O-poor conditions after these injections, plagioclase crystals also record relatively cold and H2O-rich conditions such as prior to the explosive 2014 eruption. In this case, the elevated H2O content and increased viscosity may have contributed to the high explosivity of the eruption. The point at which an eruption occurs within such repeating hot and cool cycles may therefore have important implications for explaining alternating eruptive styles.
Statistical phase estimation and error mitigation on a superconducting quantum processor
Creators: name: Blunt, Nick S.
name: Caune, Laura
name: Izsák, Róbert
name: Campbell, Earl T.
name: Holzmann, Nicole
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum phase estimation (QPE) is a key quantum algorithm, which has been widely studied as a method to perform chemistry and solid-state calculations on future fault-tolerant quantum computers. Recently, several authors have proposed statistical alternatives to QPE that have benefits on early fault-tolerant devices, including shorter circuits and better suitability for error mitigation techniques. However, practical implementations of the algorithm on real quantum processors are lacking. In this paper we practically implement statistical phase estimation on Rigetti's superconducting processors. We specifically use the method of Lin and Tong [PRX Quantum 3, 010318 (2022)] using the improved Fourier approximation of Wan et al. [PRL 129, 030503 (2022)], and applying a variational compilation technique to reduce circuit depth. We then incorporate error mitigation strategies including zero-noise extrapolation and readout error mitigation with bit-flip averaging. We propose a simple method to estimate energies from the statistical phase estimation data, which is found to improve the accuracy in final energy estimates by one to two orders of magnitude with respect to prior theoretical bounds, reducing the cost to perform accurate phase estimation calculations. We apply these methods to chemistry problems for active spaces up to 4 electrons in 4 orbitals, including the application of a quantum embedding method, and use them to correctly estimate energies within chemical precision. Our work demonstrates that statistical phase estimation has a natural resilience to noise, particularly after mitigating coherent errors, and can achieve far higher accuracy than suggested by previous analysis, demonstrating its potential as a valuable quantum algorithm for early fault-tolerant devices.
description: 24 pages, 13 figures
title: Endangered Species Act Section 7 Formal Consultation and Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act Essential Fish Habitat Consultation for the Forest Service Road (FSR) Repair Projects at FSR 2000-35.4 and FSR 4036-0.1 on the Mt. Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest, Snohomish County, Washington
titleType: Other
Creators: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service
Publisher: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service
Year: 2019

description: ESA Section 7 Consultation ; WCRO-2018-01070
Eigenvalues of normalized Laplacian matrices of fractal trees and dendrimers: Analytical results and applications
Creators: name: Julaiti, Alafate
name: Wu, Bin
name: Zhang, Zhongzhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The eigenvalues of the normalized Laplacian matrix of a network plays an important role in its structural and dynamical aspects associated with the network. In this paper, we study the spectra and their applications of normalized Laplacian matrices of a family of fractal trees and dendrimers modeled by Cayley trees, both of which are built in an iterative way. For the fractal trees, we apply the spectral decimation approach to determine analytically all the eigenvalues and their corresponding multiplicities, with the eigenvalues provided by a recursive relation governing the eigenvalues of networks at two successive generations. For Cayley trees, we show that all their eigenvalues can be obtained by computing the roots of several small-degree polynomials defined recursively. By using the relation between normalized Laplacian spectra and eigentime identity, we derive the explicit solution to the eigentime identity for random walks on the two treelike networks, the leading scalings of which follow quite different behaviors. In addition, we corroborate the obtained eigenvalues and their degeneracies through the link between them and the number of spanning trees.
description: Definitive version accepted for publication in The Journal of Chemical Physics
Typical X-ray Outburst Light Curves of Aql X-1
Creators: name: Çoban, Ömer Faruk
name: Ertan, Unal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 85A10

description: We show that a typical X-ray outburst light curve of Aql X-1 can be reproduced by accretion onto the neutron star in the frame of the disk instability model without invoking partial accretion or propeller effect. The knee and the subsequent sharp decay in the X-ray light curve can be generated naturally by taking into account the weak dependence of the disk aspect ratio, $h/r$, on the disk mass-flow rate, $\dot{M}_\mathrm{in}$, in the X-ray irradiation flux calculation. This $\dot{M}_\mathrm{in}$ dependence of $h/r$ only slightly modifies the irradiation temperature profile along the hot disk in comparison to that obtained with constant $h/r$. Nevertheless, this small difference has a significant cumulative effect on the hot disk radius leading to a much faster decrease in the size of the hot disk, and thereby to a sharper decay in the X-ray outburst light curve. The same model also produces the long-term evolution of the source consistently with its observed outburst recurrence times and typical light curves of Aql X-1. Our results imply that the source accretes matter from the disk in the quiescent state as well. We also estimate that the dipole moment of the source $μ\lesssim 4 \times 10^{26}$ G cm$^3~$($B \lesssim 4 \times 10^{8}$ G at the surface).
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal (ApJ)
title: Endangered Species Act Section 7 Formal Consultation and Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act Essential Fish Habitat Consultation for the Beckler River and Carbon Road Repair Project on the Mt. Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest, Snohomish County, Washington
titleType: Other
Creators: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service
Publisher: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service
Year: 2018

description: ESA Section 7 Consultation ; WCRO-2018-01067
Nonlinear stabilization of tokamak microturbulence by fast ions
Creators: name: Citrin, J.
name: Bourdelle, C.
name: Garcia, J.
name: Haverkort, J. W.
name: Hogeweij, G. M. D.
name: Jenko, F.
name: Johnson, T.
name: Mantica, P.
name: Pueschel, M. J.
name: Told, D.
name: contributors, JET-EFDA
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlinear electromagnetic stabilization by suprathermal pressure gradients found in specific regimes is shown to be a key factor in reducing tokamak microturbulence, augmenting significantly the thermal pressure electromagnetic stabilization. Based on nonlinear gyrokinetic simulations investigating a set of ion heat transport experiments on the JET tokamak, described by Mantica et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 107 135004 (2011)], this result explains the experimentally observed ion heat flux and stiffness reduction. These findings are expected to improve the extrapolation of advanced tokamak scenarios to reactor relevant regimes.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Two bifunctional inositol pyrophosphate kinases/phosphatases control plant phosphate homeostasis
Creators: name: Zhu, Jinsheng
name: Lau, Kelvin
name: Puschmann, Robert
name: Harmel, Robert K.
name: Zhang, Youjun
name: Pries, Verena
name: Gaugler, Philipp
name: Broger, Larissa
name: Dutta, Amit K.
name: Jessen, Henning J.
name: Schaaf, Gabriel
name: Fernie, Alisdair R.
name: Hothorn, Ludwig A.
name: Fiedler, Dorothea
name: Hothorn, Michael
Publisher: name: Cambridge : eLife Sciences Publications
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: plant phosphate homeostasis
subject: ATP
subject: eukaryotic protein
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik

description: Many eukaryotic proteins regulating phosphate (Pi) homeostasis contain SPX domains that are receptors for inositol pyrophosphates (PP-InsP), suggesting that PP-InsPs may regulate Pi homeostasis. Here we report that deletion of two diphosphoinositol pentakisphosphate kinases VIH1/2 impairs plant growth and leads to constitutive Pi starvation responses. Deletion of phosphate starvation response transcription factors partially rescues vih1 vih2 mutant phenotypes, placing diphosphoinositol pentakisphosphate kinases in plant Pi signal transduction cascades. VIH1/ 2 are bifunctional enzymes able to generate and break-down PP-InsPs. Mutations in the kinase active site lead to increased Pi levels and constitutive Pi starvation responses. ATP levels change significantly in different Pi growth conditions. ATP-Mg2+ concentrations shift the relative kinase and phosphatase activities of diphosphoinositol pentakisphosphate kinases in vitro. Pi inhibits the phosphatase activity of the enzyme. Thus, VIH1 and VIH2 relay changes in cellular ATP and Pi concentrations to changes in PP-InsP levels, allowing plants to maintain sufficient Pi levels.
Stable methods to solve the impedance matrix for radially inhomogeneous cylindrically anisotropic structures
Creators: name: Norris, Andrew N.
name: Nagy, Adam J.
name: Amirkulova, Feruza A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A stable approach for integrating the impedance matrix in cylindrical, radial inhomogeneous structures is developed and studied. A Stroh-like system using the time-harmonic displacement-traction state vector is used to derive the Riccati matrix differential equation involving the impedance matrix. It is found that the resulting equation is stiff and leads to exponential instabilities. A stable scheme for integration is found in which a local expansion is performed by combining the matricant and impedance matrices. This method offers a stable solution for fully anisotropic materials, which was previously unavailable in the literature. Several approximation schemes for integrating the Riccati equation in cylindrical coordinates are considered: exponential, Magnus, Taylor series, Lagrange polynomials, with numerical examples indicating that the exponential scheme performs best. The impedance matrix is compared with solutions involving Buchwald potentials in which the material is limited to piecewise constant transverse isotropy. Lastly a scattering example is considered and compared with the literature.
Summing over Non-singular Paths in Quantum Cosmology
Creators: name: Matsui, Hiroki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we provide the DeWitt propagator and its wave function in quantum cosmology using the path integral formulation of quantum gravity. The DeWitt boundary condition is introduced as a way to avoid the Big Bang singularity by positing that the wave function of the universe vanishes near the Big Bang. However, there is currently no clear definition of the DeWitt boundary condition in the path integral formulation. To address this issue, we use the image method, which eliminates singular paths in the forbidden region of the infinite potential, and apply this method to quantum cosmology based on the Batalin-Fradkin-Vilkovisky formulation of the path integral. We investigate the validity of the image method, and in particular, find that this method is only appropriate when the potential has symmetry with respect to the boundary. We then show that the DeWitt propagator and the DeWitt wave function derived from the image method are consistent with solutions of the Wheeler-DeWitt equation for certain models of quantum cosmology.
description: 24 pages, references added, published version
Logarithmic scaling of the collapse in the critical Keller-Segel equation
Creators: name: Dyachenko, Sergey A.
name: Lushnikov, Pavel M.
name: Vladimirova, Natalia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A reduced Keller-Segel equation (RKSE) is a parabolic-elliptic system of partial differential equations which describes bacterial aggregation and the collapse of a self-gravitating gas of brownian particles. We consider RKSE in two dimensions, where solution has a critical collapse (blow-up) if the total number of bacteria exceeds a critical value. We study the self-similar solutions of RKSE near the blow-up point. Near the collapse time, $t=t_c$, the critical collapse is characterized by the $L\propto (t_c-t)^{1/2}$ scaling law with logarithmic modification, where $L$ is the spatial width of collapsing solution. We develop an asymptotic perturbation theory for these modifications and show that the resulting scaling agrees well with numerical simulations. The quantitative comparison of the theory and simulations requires to take into account several terms of the perturbation series.
Tunable molecular separation by nanoporous membranes
Creators: name: Wang, Zhengbang
name: Knebel, Alexander
name: Grosjean, Sylvian
name: Wagner, Danny
name: Bräse, Stefan
name: Wöll, Christof
name: Caro, Jürgen
name: Heinke, Lars
Publisher: name: London : Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: SURMOF
subject: nanoporous membranes
subject: IRRAS
subject: interfaces
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften

description: Metal-organic frameworks offer tremendous potential for efficient separation of molecular mixtures. Different pore sizes and suitable functionalizations of the framework allow for an adjustment of the static selectivity. Here we report membranes which offer dynamic control of the selectivity by remote signals, thus enabling a continuous adjustment of the permeate flux. This is realized by assembling linkers containing photoresponsive azobenzene-side-groups into monolithic, crystalline membranes of metal-organic frameworks. The azobenzene moieties can be switched from the trans to the cis configuration and vice versa by irradiation with ultraviolet or visible light, resulting in a substantial modification of the membrane permeability and separation factor. The precise control of the cis:trans azobenzene ratio, for example, by controlled irradiation times or by simultaneous irradiation with ultraviolet and visible light, enables the continuous tuning of the separation. For hydrogen:carbon-dioxide, the separation factor of this smart membrane can be steplessly adjusted between 3 and 8.
Transgenic Expression of the Anti-parasitic Factor TEP1 in the Malaria Mosquito Anopheles gambiae
Creators: name: Volohonsky, Gloria
name: Hopp, Ann-Katrin
name: Saenger, Melanie
name: Soichot, Julien
name: Scholze, Heidi
name: Boch, Jens
name: Blandin, Stephanie A.
name: Marois, Eric
Publisher: name: San Francisco, CA : Public Library of Science
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: fats
subject: blood
subject: larvae
subject: mosquitoes
subject: parasitic diseases
subject: Plasmodium
subject: hemocytes
subject: luciferase
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::610 | Medizin, Gesundheit

description: Mosquitoes genetically engineered to be resistant to Plasmodium parasites represent a promising novel approach in the fight against malaria. The insect immune system itself is a source of anti-parasitic genes potentially exploitable for transgenic designs. The Anopheles gambiae thioester containing protein 1 (TEP1) is a potent anti-parasitic protein. TEP1 is secreted and circulates in the mosquito hemolymph, where its activated cleaved form binds and eliminates malaria parasites. Here we investigated whether TEP1 can be used to create malaria resistant mosquitoes. Using a GFP reporter transgene, we determined that the fat body is the main site of TEP1 expression. We generated transgenic mosquitoes that express TEP1r, a potent refractory allele of TEP1, in the fat body and examined the activity of the transgenic protein in wild-type or TEP1 mutant genetic backgrounds. Transgenic TEP1r rescued loss-of-function mutations, but did not increase parasite resistance in the presence of a wild-type susceptible allele. Consistent with previous reports, TEP1 protein expressed from the transgene in the fat body was taken up by hemocytes upon a challenge with injected bacteria. Furthermore, although maturation of transgenic TEP1 into the cleaved form was impaired in one of the TEP1 mutant lines, it was still sufficient to reduce parasite numbers and induce parasite melanization. We also report here the first use of Transcription Activator Like Effectors (TALEs) in Anopheles gambiae to stimulate expression of endogenous TEP1. We found that artificial elevation of TEP1 expression remains moderate in vivo and that enhancement of endogenous TEP1 expression did not result in increased resistance to Plasmodium. Taken together, our results reveal the difficulty of artificially influencing TEP1-mediated Plasmodium resistance, and contribute to further our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying mosquito resistance to Plasmodium parasites.
Nonlinear Electromagnetic Forces in Astrophysics
Creators: name: Labun, Lance
name: Rafelski, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electromagnetism becomes a nonlinear theory having (effective) photon-photon interactions due at least to electron-positron fluctuations in the vacuum. We discuss the consequences of the nonlinearity for the force felt by a charge probe particle, and compare the impact of Euler-Kockel QED effective nonlinearity to the possibility of Born-Infeld-type nonlinearity.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures, Acta Phys Pol B style, presented by LL at 52 Krakow School of Theoretical Physics: Astroparticle Physics in the LHC Era, Zakopane, May 19-27, 2012
Simultaneous inference for multiple marginal generalized estimating equation models
Creators: name: Ristl, Robin
name: Hothorn, Ludwig A.
name: Ritz, Christian
name: Posch, Martin
Publisher: name: London : SAGE Publications Ltd.
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: dependent observations
subject: Generalized estimating equations
subject: multiple endpoints
subject: multiple testing
subject: small samples
subject: article
subject: covariance
subject: dermatology
subject: ophthalmology
subject: sample size
subject: simulation
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::610 | Medizin, Gesundheit

description: Motivated by small-sample studies in ophthalmology and dermatology, we study the problem of simultaneous inference for multiple endpoints in the presence of repeated observations. We propose a framework in which a generalized estimating equation model is fit for each endpoint marginally, taking into account dependencies within the same subject. The asymptotic joint normality of the stacked vector of marginal estimating equations is used to derive Wald-type simultaneous confidence intervals and hypothesis tests for multiple linear contrasts of regression coefficients of the multiple marginal models. The small sample performance of this approach is improved by a bias adjustment to the estimate of the joint covariance matrix of the regression coefficients from multiple models. As a further small sample improvement a multivariate t-distribution with appropriate degrees of freedom is specified as reference distribution. In addition, a generalized score test based on the stacked estimating equations is derived. Simulation results show strong control of the family-wise type I error rate for these methods even with small sample sizes and increased power compared to a Bonferroni-Holm multiplicity adjustment. Thus, the proposed methods are suitable to efficiently use the information from repeated observations of multiple endpoints in small-sample studies.
Coronaria tomentosa L.
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: A. tomentosa L. Cat. 196und 427. Bis 1750m. l: LesMarques bei Martigny (J.). - 2: Raron(P.); Ausserberg (Kummer); westlich der Seilbahn Naters-Birgisch, Steilhang ob der Lötschbergbahn (Seitter). - 3: Val d'Herens bis 1600 m (J.); Briex (J.); Niouc (J.); Törbel (Stehler, Garns, Oberson), bis 1750 m (Stehler); Zermattbis 1720 m (Christ). Var. discolor Beauverd - Die verbreitete Form. Forma ochroleuca Chenev. - 2: Follateres bei Branson (Garns).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
Yarn Level FEM Simulation for Bending Over Sheaves of Braided Ropes
Creators: name: Li, Ziyuan
name: Zappa, Edoardo
name: Van Langenhove, Lieva
name: Malengier, Benny
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Braiding is classic, but complex, structure in textile industry. The multi-layer layout of braids makes it hard to detect the inner yarns of a braided rope is hard to detect while they often bear the main stress. Especially when ropes are used to manoeuvre and regulate sails, they undergo a variety of dynamic stresses. This study focused on the complex problem of (cyclic) bending over sheaves (CBOS), and a full dynamic Finite Element Method (FEM) simulation process of a braided rope bending over a sheave is carried out with commercial software Abaqus/Explicit. FEM is advantageous for this as it enables to capture the complex processes occurring inside the rope to high accuracy, considering the complex structure of a braided rope.

 A theoretical deduction is performed to determine the braided yarn paths. The external yarns are modelled as 3D rather than beam element types. Under certain assumption and specific boundary conditions, the relative movement between braided yarns (including the interlacing point) is better assessed and estimation of yarn relative displacement obtained. Parametric studies are conducted to better understand the factors that effect the yarn sliding. The ratio between the diameter of the sheave and the rope (D/d), and the braiding angle, are found to be crucial on the relative movement, while the number of yarns and their diameters have little influence.

 The successful simulation demonstrates the feasibility of modelling and analysing the complex interaction occurring in braided structures using FEM. The calculated estimated displacement can contribute to further investigations such as the friction and heat generation problem in braided ropes. Such method can provide alternatives in predicting lifespan of braided products that cannot be easily inspected.
Structural changes of TasA in biofilm formation of Bacillus subtilis
Creators: name: Diehl, Anne
name: Roske, Yvette
name: Ball, Linda
name: Chowdhury, Anup
name: Hiller, Matthias
name: Molière, Noel
name: Kramer, Regina
name: Stöppler, Daniel
name: Worth, Catherine L.
name: Schlegel, Brigitte
name: Leidert, Martina
name: Cremer, Nils
name: Erdmann, Natalja
name: Lopez, Daniel
name: Stephanowitz, Heike
name: Krause, Eberhard
name: Van Rossum, Barth-Jan
name: Schmieder, Peter
name: Heinemann, Udo
name: Turgay, Kürsad
name: Akbey, Ümit
name: Oschkinat, Hartmut
Publisher: name: Washington : National Academy of Sciences
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Bacillus subtilis
subject: Biofilm
subject: NMR
subject: Structure
subject: TasA
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::000 | Allgemeines, Wissenschaft::000 | Informatik, Wissen, Systeme

description: Microorganisms form surface-attached communities, termed biofilms, which can serve as protection against host immune reactions or antibiotics. Bacillus subtilis biofilms contain TasA as major proteinaceous component in addition to exopolysaccharides. In stark contrast to the initially unfolded biofilm proteins of other bacteria, TasA is a soluble, stably folded monomer, whose structure we have determined by X-ray crystallography. Subsequently, we characterized in vitro different oligomeric forms of TasA by NMR, EM, X-ray diffraction, and analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC) experiments. However, by magic-angle spinning (MAS) NMR on live biofilms, a swift structural change toward only one of these forms, consisting of homogeneous and protease-resistant, β-sheet–rich fibrils, was observed in vivo. Thereby, we characterize a structural change from a globular state to a fibrillar form in a functional prokaryotic system on the molecular level. © 2018 National Academy of Sciences. All Rights Reserved.
Optimal tie-breaking rules
Creators: name: Goel, Sumit
name: Goyal, Amit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Theoretical Economics (econ.TH)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We consider two-player contests with the possibility of ties and study the effect of different tie-breaking rules on effort. For ratio-form and difference-form contests that admit pure-strategy Nash equilibrium, we find that the effort of both players is monotone decreasing in the probability that ties are broken in favor of the stronger player. Thus, the effort-maximizing tie-breaking rule commits to breaking ties in favor of the weaker agent. With symmetric agents, we find that the equilibrium is generally symmetric and independent of the tie-breaking rule. We also study the design of random tie-breaking rules that are ex-ante fair and identify sufficient conditions under which breaking ties before the contest actually leads to greater expected effort than the more commonly observed practice of breaking ties after the contest.
description: 25 pages
Photoemission Imaging of 3D Fermi Surface Pairing at the Hidden Order Transition in URu2Si2
Creators: name: Meng, Jian-Qiao
name: Oppeneer, Peter M.
name: Mydosh, John A.
name: Riseborough, Peter S.
name: Gofryk, Krzysztof
name: Joyce, John J.
name: Bauer, Eric D.
name: Li, Yinwan
name: Durakiewicz, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) experiments probing deep into the hidden order (HO) state of URu2Si2, utilizing tunable photon energies with sufficient energy and momentum resolution to detect the near Fermi surface (FS) behavior. Our results reveal: (i) the full itinerancy of the 5f electrons; (ii) the crucial three-dimensional (3D) k-space nature of the FS and its critical nesting vectors, in good comparison with density-functional theory calculations, and (iii) the existence of hot-spot lines and pairing of states at the FS, leading to FS gapping in the HO phase.
A general class of regression type estimators in systematic sampling under non-response
Creators: name: Verma, Hemant
name: Singh, R. D.
name: Singh, Rajesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we have proposed a general class of modified regression type estimator in systematic sampling under non-response to estimate the population mean using auxiliary information. The expressions of bias and mean square error (MSE) up to the first order approximations are derived. A numerical study is included to support the theoretical results.
description: 9 pages, 1 table
A Measurement of the Kuiper Belt's Mean Plane From Objects Classified By Machine Learning
Creators: name: Matheson, Ian C.
name: Malhotra, Renu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Mean plane measurements of the Kuiper Belt from observational data are of interest for their potential to test dynamical models of the solar system. Recent measurements have yielded inconsistent results. Here we report a measurement of the Kuiper Belt's mean plane with a sample size more than twice as large as in previous measurements. The sample of interest is the non-resonant Kuiper belt objects, which we identify by using machine learning on the observed Kuiper Belt population whose orbits are well-determined. We estimate the measurement error with a Monte Carlo procedure. We find that the overall mean plane of the non-resonant Kuiper Belt (semimajor axis range 35-150 au) and also that of the classical Kuiper Belt (semimajor axis range 42-48 au) are both close to (within about 0.7 degrees) but distinguishable from the invariable plane of the solar system to greater than 99.7% confidence. When binning the sample into smaller semimajor axis bins, we find the measured mean plane mostly consistent with both the invariable plane and the theoretically expected Laplace surface forced by the known planets. Statistically significant discrepancies are found only in the semimajor axis ranges 40.3-42 au and 45-50 au; these ranges are in proximity to a secular resonance and Neptune's 2:1 mean motion resonance where the theory for the Laplace surface is likely to be inaccurate. These results do not support a previously reported anomalous warp at semimajor axes above 50 au.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for The Astronomical Journal
X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy and Computer Modelling Study of Nanocrystalline Binary Alkaline Earth Fluorides
Creators: name: Chadwick, A.V.
name: Duevel, Andre
name: Heitjans, Paul
name: Pickup, D.M.
name: Ramos, S.
name: Sayle, D.C.
name: Sayle, T.X.T.
Publisher: name: Bristol : IOP Publishing Ltd.
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: ionic-conductivity
subject: composites
subject: caf2
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: Nanocrystalline samples of Ba1-xCaxF2 prepared by high-energy milling show an unusually high F-ion conductivity, which exhibit a maximum in the magnitude and a minimum in the activation energy at x = 0.5. Here, we report an X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) at the Ca and Sr K edges and the Ba L-3 edge and a molecular dynamics (MD) simulation study of the pure and mixed fluorides. The XAS measurements on the pure binary fluorides, CaF2, SrF2 and BaF2 show that high-energy ball-milling produces very little amorphous material, in contrast to the results for ball milled oxides. XAS measurements of Ba1-xCaxF2 reveal that for 0 < x < 1 there is considerable disorder in the local environments of the cations which is highest for x = 0.5. Hence the maximum in the conductivity corresponds to the composition with the maximum level of local disorder. The MD calculations also show a highly disordered structure consistent with the XAS results and similarly showing maximum disorder at x = 0.5.
Carex atrata
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: A. atrata X Erba-rotta ssp. moschata Cat. 198und 428. Die Angaben von der Jungenalp ob St. Niklaus und von Gletsch sind nach Wilczek Lit. 1916, S.337, irrig; doch scheint der Bastard bei Gletsch neuerdings wieder gesammelt worden zu sein (Zahn und dePalezieuxin herb. de Palezieux). 4: Blindental (B. C. W. 1915).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556