cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Preferred physical characteristics of lidocaine thin film for women with vestibulodynia
Creators: name: Rowland, Caroline
name: Cromeens, Martha Grace
name: Ogbansiegbe, Joseph A.
name: Silverstein, R. Gina
name: Mihas, Paul
name: Benhabbour, S. Rahima
name: Carey, Erin T.
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media SA
Year: 2023

description: Introduction Vestibulodynia (VBD) is the most common cause of sexual pain in the United States, affecting up to 15% of reproductive-aged women during their lifetime with limited treatment options. The purpose of this study was to describe ideal physical characteristics of a vulvar film designed for insertional sexual pain in sexually active women with VBD. Methods Twenty women were recruited to participant in one of six, semi-structured 60-minute focus group discussions regarding treatment options for VBD. Heterosexual women, aged 18–51 years old with a diagnosis of vulvodynia, vestibulodynia or insertional dyspareunia fit the inclusion criteria. Those who reported no episodes of vaginal intercourse in the prior 18 months were excluded. A new vulvar film technology loaded with 50 mg of 5% lidocaine was introduced to the group. Participants took part in focus groups on a rolling basis depending on availability. Focus group discussions were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Two study investigators coded the transcripts using inductive coding and merged their respective projects to resolve disagreements. We analyzed data related to each code to develop code clusters and higher-level primary topics regarding device preferences. Data related to each of these primary topics was analyzed to assess the range of participant attitudes and preferences and to identify patterns within each primary topic.ResultsOne hundred and sixteen women were recruited, and twenty women were enrolled. The mean age for the participants was 33.3 years. Most women were educated with at least some college (93%), White (78.6%), married (75%), and had income greater than $100,000 (50%). Analysis of the focus group discussions identified five common topics addressed by participants: desired loaded medication, film size, film shape, film flexibility, and ease and accuracy of use. Concerns across topics included comfort, sexual spontaneity, and efficacy. Interest in loading the device with other acceptable medications or combination with lidocaine was independently noted in 2/6 (33%) of the focus groups.DiscussionMucoadhesive vulvar thin films may be an acceptable drug delivery system for insertional sexual pain for women with VBD.
Modal Extensions of Łukasiewicz Logic for Modeling Coalitional Power
Creators: name: Kroupa, Tomáš
name: Teheux, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 03B50, 03B45 (Primary) 91A40 (Secondary)

description: Modal logics for reasoning about the power of coalitions capture the notion of effectivity functions associated with game forms. The main goal of coalition logics is to provide formal tools for modeling the dynamics of a game frame whose states may correspond to different game forms. The two classes of effectivity functions studied are the families of playable and truly playable effectivity functions, respectively. In this paper we generalize the concept of effectivity function beyond the yes/no truth scale. This enables us to describe the situations in which the coalitions assess their effectivity in degrees, based on functions over the outcomes taking values in a finite Łukasiewicz chain. Then we introduce two modal extensions of Łukasiewicz finite-valued logic together with many-valued neighborhood semantics in order to encode the properties of many-valued effectivity functions associated with game forms. As our main results we prove completeness theorems for the two newly introduced modal logics.
description: Accepted to Journal of Logic and Computation
title: Fire resistance of floor assemblies in multi-family dwellings
Creators: name: Sultan, M. A.
Publisher: name: National Research Council of Canada. Institute for Research in Construction
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Floors
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0483
subject: Planchers
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0483

description: Who would have believed that in a floor assembly the mere placement of screws 25 mm further inward from the edge of gypsum board increases the fire resistance by 50%? Yet it is so. Given that for a floor assembly builders can choose from different types of insulation, different types of joists spaced differently, one or two layers of gypsum attached in different ways, etc., finding the ideal combination to give good fire resistance can be quite a challenge. But that is not the only challenge, for increased fire resistance must not be gained at the expense of increased sound transmission, which can easily happen.
description: Qui aurait pensé que, dans un plancher, le simple fait de repousser les vis de 25 mm du bord des plaques de plâtre augmenterait la résistance au feu de 50 %. C'est bel et bien le cas pourtant. Étant donné que les constructeurs de plancher peuvent choisir différents types d'isolants, différents types de solives avec différents espacements, une ou deux épaisseurs de plaques de plâtre fixées de diverses façons, etc., trouver la combinaison idéale pour offrir une bonne résistance au feu peut être une gageure. Mais ce n'est pas la seule car l'amélioration de la résistance au feu ne doit pas être obtenue au détriment de l'isolement acoustique, conséquence fréquente.
Comments on the Casimir energy in supersymmetric field theories
Creators: name: Lorenzen, Jakob
name: Martelli, Dario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Casimir energy of four-dimensional supersymmetric gauge theories in the context of the rigid limit of new minimal supergravity. Firstly, revisiting the computation of the localized partition function on $S^1\times S^3$, we recover the supersymmetric Casimir energy. Secondly, we consider the same theories in the Hamiltonian formalism on $\mathbb{R}\times S^3$, focussing on the free limit and including a one-parameter family of background gauge fields along $\mathbb{R}$. We compute the vacuum expectation value of the canonical Hamiltonian using zeta function regularization, and show that this interpolates between the supersymmetric Casimir energy and the ordinary Casimir energy of a supersymmetric free field theory.
description: 35 pages; v2: typos corrected, minor changes and improvements, version published on JHEP
Occurrence of two molecular forms of human acid sphingomyelinase
Creators: name: Hurwitz, R
name: Sandhoff, K
name: Vielhaber, G
name: Ferlinz, K
name: Suzuki, K
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: Human acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) hydrolyses sphingomyelin to ceramide and phosphocholine. Metabolic studies on COS-1 cells transfected with ASM cDNA revealed the occurrence of an enzymically inactive precursor which is differentially processed to two predominant native glycoprotein forms: a 70 kDa polypeptide corresponding to human urinary protein and a 57 kDa form. Formation of these potentially active forms was shown to be restricted to distinct compartments. Maturation of the ASM precursor to a predominant 70 kDa form occurs exclusively inside acidic organelles, whereas variable amounts of 57 kDa ASM are detectable immediately after biosynthesis. Metabolic labelling of transfected COS-1 cells with [32P]Pi further suggests that this form obviously does not carry oligomannosylphosphate residues, in contrast with the mature lysosomal ASM. In order to verify that this early form of active ASM results from co-post-translational proteolysis of the ASM precursor and not from the use of different translation-initiation sites on the ASM mRNA, appropriate 5'-mutagenized cDNA constructs were transiently expressed. These results clearly indicate that the first potential in-frame AUG is exclusively used for translation initiation in vivo and that deletion of the proposed signal sequence for endoplasmic reticulum import completely eliminates the ability of the translation product to enter the vacuolar apparatus. As there are two different subcellular sites of maturation of the ASM precursor, and intracellular targeting of the two processed forms appears to be different, the two ASM proteins may contribute to distinct physiological functions.
An investigation of interval and set-based uncertainty representation for GNSS navigation
Creators: name: Su, Jingyao
name: Schön, Steffen
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: GNSS positioning
subject: uncertainty interval
subject: zonotope
subject: polytope
subject: error bounding
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::510 | Mathematik

description: [no abstract available]
SmgGDS stabilizes nucleotide-bound and -free forms of the Rac1 GTP-binding protein and stimulates GTP/GDP exchange through a substituted enzyme mechanism
Creators: name: Quilliam, L A
name: Bokoch, G M
name: Xu, X
name: Chuang, T H
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: The Rac proteins, Rac1 and Rac2, are essential components of the NADPH oxidase system of phagocytes and regulate the actin assembly associated with membrane ruffling. These functions are controlled by the GTP-bound form of Rac. The biochemical interaction between Rac and its only known GDP-dissociation stimulator (termed smgGDS) was characterized. SmgGDS was able to stimulate the incorporation of guanosine 5'-[gamma-thio]-triphosphate GTP[gamma S] into the RhoA, Rac2, Rac1, Rap1A and CDC42Hs GTP-binding proteins, but the activity was greatest toward RhoA and Rac2. Isoprenoid modification of these proteins was not absolutely required for the interaction with smgGDS. Interestingly, the activity of smgGDS toward Rac1 could not be observed in a [3H]GDP/GTP exchange assay under conditions where it stimulated incorporation of GTP[gamma S] into Rac1. We determined that smgGDS prevented the loss of Rac1 activity during the [3H]GDP/GTP exchange assay by demonstrating the ability of smgGDS to inhibit the loss of Rac1 GTP[gamma S]-binding during incubations at 30 degrees C. This stabilizing effect was exactly counterbalanced by the ability of smgGDS to stimulate the release of [3H]GDP from Rac1, thereby producing no net observable effect in the exchange assay. SmgGDS was able to effectively stimulate the release of GDP but not GTP[gamma S] from Rac1. SmgGDS maintains Rac1 in a nucleotide-free form after release of GDP, indicating that the reaction between Rac1 and smgGDS involves a substituted enzyme mechanism.
title: Assessing new techniques for evaluating post tensioned buildings
Creators: name: Rahman, A. H.
name: Pernica, G.
Publisher: name: National Research Council of Canada. Institute for Research in Construction
Year: 1998

description: Three new evaluation techniques have been assessed for their ability to determine just how corroded tendons inside unbonded, post-tensioned (PT) systems are. Since these tendons are not openly visible, the evaluation techniques are all indirect. Because corrosion can cause strands of the tendons to snap, one technique monitors the occurrence of that particular noise. In another technique, some air from inside the sheath surrounding the tendon is withdrawn and tested for moisture. The premise is that where there is moisture near steel, there must be rust. The third method uses a transceiver to send signals along the tendon. The returned signal patterns are then analyzed. Two methods proved quite unsatisfactory.
description: On a examiné trois nouvelles techniques d'évaluation pour savoir si elles permettent de déterminer le degré de corrosion des câbles de précontrainte par post-tension non adhérents. Comme ces câbles ne sont pratiquement pas visibles, les techniques d'évaluation sont toutes indirectes. La corrosion pouvant faire casser net les torons des câbles, l'une des techniques consiste à détecter le bruit alors produit. Dans un autre cas, on expulse l'air présent dans la gaine contenant le câble et on mesure sa teneur en humidité. On suppose que s'il y a de l'humidité près de l'acier, il doit y avoir de la rouille. La troisième méthode consiste à utiliser un émetteur-récepteur pour envoyer des signaux le long du câble. On analyse ensuite les caractéristiques des signaux renvoyés. De ces trois techniques, deux se sont révélées très insatisfaisantes.
Contribution of the mitochondrial permeability transition to lethal injury after exposure of hepatocytes to t -butylhydroperoxide
Creators: name: Lemasters, J J
name: Tesfai, S A
name: Herman, B
name: Saylor, A K
name: Nieminen, A L
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1995

description: We have developed a novel method for monitoring the mitochondrial permeability transition in single intact hepatocytes during injury with t-butylhydroperoxide (t-BuOOH). Cultured hepatocytes were loaded with the fluorescence probes, calcein and tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester (TMRM). Depending on loading conditions, calcein labelled the cytosolic space exclusively and did not enter mitochondria or it stained both cytosol and mitochondria. TMRM labelled mitochondria as an indicator of mitochondrial polarization. Fluorescence of two probes was imaged simultaneously using laser-scanning confocal microscopy. During normal incubations, TMRM labelled mitochondria indefinitely (longer than 63 min), and calcein did not redistribute between cytosol and mitochondria. These findings indicate that the mitochondrial permeability transition pore ('megachannel') remained closed continuously. After addition of 100 microM t-BuOOH, mitochondria filled quickly with calcein, indicating the onset of mitochondrial permeability transition. This event was accompanied by mitochondrial depolarization, as shown by loss of TMRM. Subsequently, the concentration of ATP declined and cells lost viability. Trifluoperazine, a phospholipase inhibitor that inhibits the permeability transition in isolated mitochondria, prevented calcein redistribution into mitochondria, mitochondrial depolarization, ATP depletion and cell death. Carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP), a mitochondrial uncoupler, also rapidly depolarized mitochondria of intact hepatocytes but did not alone induce a permeability transition. Trifluoperazine did not prevent ATP depletion and cell death after the addition of CCCP. In conclusion, the permeability transition pore does not 'flicker' open during normal incubation of hepatocytes but remains continuously closed. Moreover, mitochondrial depolarization per se does not cause the permeability transition in intact cells. During oxidative stress, however, a permeability transition occurs quickly which leads to mitochondrial depolarization and cell death.
Confidential Computing on RISC-V
Creators: name: Kossifidis, Nick
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Getting confidential computing right is a tough challenge. Other architectures already tried in the past to introduce mechanisms for providing confidentiality guarantees, and in many cases failed. On RISC-V the Confidential Computing SIG, under the Security HC, is working on two specifications for providing confidentiality guarantees for VMs/TEEs and devices (AP-TEE/AP-TEE-IO), for application-class processors. In this presentation we'll go through those mechanisms and give an overview of the provided guarantees and use cases in mind.
Localization of a putative second membrane association site in penicillin-binding protein 1B of Escherichia coli
Creators: name: WANG, Chia-Chang
name: SCHULTZ, Derk E.
name: NICHOLAS, Robert A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1996

description: We have shown previously that the periplasmic domain of penicillin-binding protein 1B (PBP 1Bper; residues 90-844) from Escherichia coli is insoluble in the absence of detergents, and can be reconstituted into liposomes [Nicholas, Lamson and Schultz (1993) J. Biol. Chem. 268, 5632-5641]. These data suggested that native PBP 1B contains a membrane association site in addition to its N-terminal transmembrane anchor. We have studied the membrane topology of PBP 1B in greater detail by assessing detergent binding and solubility in the absence of detergents for PBP 1Bper and a set of proteolytic fragments of PBP 1B. PBP 1Bper was shown by three independent methods to bind to detergent micelles, which strongly suggests that the periplasmic domain interacts with the hydrophobic milieu of membrane bilayers. Digestion with high weight ratios of thrombin of purified PBP 1B containing an engineered thrombin cleavage site on the periplasmic side of the transmembrane anchor generated four fragments in addition to PBP 1Bper that varied in size from 71 to 48 kDa. In contrast to PBP 1Bper, all fragments of 67 kDa and smaller were eluted from a gel-filtration column in the absence of detergents and did not bind to detergent micelles. The N-terminal sequences of the four fragments were determined, allowing the cleavage sites to be located in the primary sequence of PBP 1B. These data localize the membrane association site of PBP 1B to a region comprising the first 163 amino acids of the periplasmic domain, which falls within the putative transglycosylase domain. Lipid modification does not appear to be the mechanism by which PBP 1Bper associates with membranes.
Prenatal stress unmasks behavioral phenotypes in genetic mouse models of neurodevelopmental disorders
Creators: name: Moy, Sheryl S.
name: Harper, Kathryn M.
name: Harp, Samuel J.
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media SA
Year: 2023

description: Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are complex conditions characterized by heterogeneous clinical profiles and symptoms that arise in infancy and childhood. NDDs are often attributed to a complicated interaction between genetic risk and environmental factors, suggesting a need for preclinical models reflecting the combined impact of heritable susceptibility and environmental effects. A notable advantage of “two-hit” models is the power to reveal underlying vulnerability that may not be detected in studies employing only genetic or environmental alterations. In this review, we summarize existing literature that investigates detrimental interactions between prenatal stress (PNS) and genes associated with NDDs, with a focus on behavioral phenotyping approaches in mouse models. A challenge in determining the overall role of PNS exposure in genetic models is the diversity of approaches for inducing stress, variability in developmental timepoints for exposure, and differences in phenotyping regimens across laboratories. Identification of optimal stress protocols and critical windows for developmental effects would greatly improve the use of PNS in gene × environment mouse models of NDDs.
Molecular cloning, expression and regulatory activity of G α 11 - and βγ -subunit-stimulated phospholipase C- β from avian erythrocytes
Creators: name: NICHOLAS, Robert A.
name: WALDO, Gary L.
name: PATERSON, Andrew
name: BOYER, José L.
name: HARDEN, T. Kendall
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1996

description: A turkey erythrocyte phospholipase C (PLC) has been instrumental in delineating the role of G-proteins in receptor-regulated inositol lipid signalling. This isoenzyme is uniquely regulated both by alpha-subunits of the Gq family and by G-protein beta gamma-subunits. A 4819 bp cDNA encoding this PLC has been cloned from a turkey erythrocyte cDNA library. The open reading frame of this cDNA encodes a 1211-amino-acid protein (calculated molecular mass 139050 Da) that contains amino acid sequences of 16 peptides sequenced from the turkey erythrocyte PLC. The predicted sequence of the turkey PLC shows considerable similarity with the sequences of previously cloned members of the PLC-beta family, with the highest identity (71%) shared with PLC-beta 2 and lesser identities observed with PLC-beta 1 (49%), PLC-beta 3 (46%) and PLC-beta 4 (37%). The largest differences in sequence between the turkey PLC-beta and other PLC-beta isoenzymes occur in the C-terminal domain and in the region between the X- and Y-domains. The turkey isoenzyme and PLC-beta 2, which differ in their regulation by G-protein alpha-subunits, are only 44% similar across the approx. 400 amino acid residues of the C-terminal domain that has been implicated in alpha q activation of these proteins. Recombinant turkey PLC-beta was purified to homogeneity following expression from a recombinant baculovirus in Sf9 insect cells. The immunoreactivity and mobility on SDS/PAGE of the recombinant enzyme were the same as observed with native turkey erythrocyte PLC-beta. Moreover, the catalytic activities of the recombinant enzyme were indistinguishable from those of native turkey erythrocyte PLC-beta in assays carried out in the presence of cholate and Ca2+, or in assays of activity after reconstitution with G alpha 11 or G-protein beta gamma-subunits. The turkey PLC-beta was more sensitive to activation by G alpha 11 than was PLC-beta 2, and was more sensitive to activation by beta gamma-subunits than either PLC-beta 2 or PLC-beta 1.
Additional file 1: of Asthma severity in four countries of Latin America
Creators: name: Neffen, Hugo
name: Moraes, Felipe
name: Karynna Viana
name: Boscio, Valentina Di
name: Levy, Gur
name: Vieira, Claudia
name: Abreu, Gabriela
name: Soares, Claudia
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Ethics Committees. All institutional review boards/independent ethics committees. (DOCX 14 kb)
Rush hour-and-a-half: Traffic is spreading out post-lockdown
Creators: name: Zhang S.
name: Bhagat-Conway M.W.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2023

description: Traffic congestion is ubiquitous in major cities around the world. Congestion is associated with a slew of negative effects, including delays and local air pollution. Because of the negative effects of congestion, governments invest billions of dollars into the highway system to try to reduce congestion and accommodate peak-hour automobile travel demand. The COVID-19 pandemic presented a significant disruption to transportation systems globally. One impact was a drastic reduction in travel, leading to free-flowing traffic conditions in many previously-congested cities. As lockdowns eased, traffic volumes returned to near-normal levels. However, the temporal pattern of demand may differ, due to increased remote work or other factors. In this article, we examine the temporal distribution of highway demand in California, using data from over 3,500 traffic sensors. We find that peak-hour automobile travel is spreading in the post-lockdown period. In addition to decreased traffic congestion, this finding also has implications for infrastructure investment. Roadways are generally sized based on peak-hour demand. As the peaks spread, some highway construction project may prove unnecessary. It may be possible to reallocate road space to other uses with fewer tradeoffs in terms of traffic congestion.
Sub-Eddington Star-Forming Regions are Super-Eddington: Momentum Driven Outflows from Supersonic Turbulence
Creators: name: Thompson, Todd A.
name: Krumholz, Mark R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the turbulent gas in the star-forming regions of galaxies is unstable to wind formation via momentum deposition by radiation pressure or other momentum sources like supernova explosions, even if the system is below the average Eddington limit. This conclusion follows from the fact that the critical momentum injection rate per unit mass for unbinding gas from a self-gravitating system is proportional to the gas surface density and that a turbulent medium presents a broad distribution of column densities to the sources. For an average Eddington ratio of ~0.1 and for turbulent Mach numbers >30, we find that ~1% of the gas is ejected per dynamical timescale at velocities larger than the local escape velocity. Because of the lognormal shape of the surface density distribution, the mass loss rate is highly sensitive to the average Eddington ratio, reaching 20-40% of the gas mass per dynamical time for =1. Using this model we find a large scatter in the mass-loading factor for star-forming galaxies, ranging from 0.001-10, but with significant uncertainties. Implications for the efficiency of star formation in giant molecular clouds are highlighted. For radiation pressure feedback alone, we find an increasing star formation efficiency as a function of initial gas surface density. Uncertainties are discussed.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
MOESM4 of Modeling future wildlife habitat suitability: serious climate change impacts on the potential distribution of the Rock Ptarmigan Lagopus muta japonica in Japanâ s northern Alps
Creators: name: Hotta, Masanobu
name: Ikutaro Tsuyama
name: Nakao, Katsuhiro
name: Ozeki, Masaaki
name: Higa, Motoki
name: Kominami, Yuji
name: Hamada, Takashi
name: Matsui, Tetsuya
name: Masatsugu Yasuda
name: Tanaka, Nobuyuki
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 4: Appendix S2. The code for developing a generalized additive model (GAM) of sub-model A in R. Abbreviations in the code are as follows: data.csv in line 1, dataset which include response variable and explanation variables; RpPA in line 3, presence and absence data of territories of the rock ptarmigan; AfR in line 3, area fraction of alpine fellfield communities; SgR in line 3, area fraction of snowbed grassland communities; DistR in line 3, distance from the ridge; PpR in line 3, area fraction of Pinus pumila communities; STUDY_TIME in line 3, the number of surveys.
Research Progress on Features and Characteristics of Rural Settlements: Literature Distribution, Key Issues, and Development Trends
Creators: name: Li, Chun
name: Gu, Guangcan
name: Yang, Huihui
name: An, Na
name: Yan, Kai
name: Yang, Ende
name: Yao, Qiang
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
Year: 2023

description: During the development of rural settlements, the loss of distinctive rural characteristics, caused by the contradiction between urban expansion and the ideal of pastoralism, has attracted widespread attention from researchers worldwide. To effectively understand the development and trends of the Research of Features and Characteristics of Rural Settlements (abbreviated as RFCRS), this paper uses the knowledge mapping software CiteSpace to conduct co-citation analysis, research collaboration analysis, keyword clustering, and keyword co-occurrence. The study analyzes the basic concepts, the literature distribution characteristics, research clusters, key issues, and development trends of RFCRS. The research found that the current key research topics in RFCRS include “Eco-logical services and environmental protection of rural settlements”, “Sustainable planning and architectural design issues of rural settlements”, and “Human settlement environment and service facility construction of rural settlements”. This paper predicts that future RFCRS research trends will focus on the study of landscape features and characteristics based on ecology, climate, and aesthetics; study of architectural features and characteristics based on characteristic factors and hierarchical structure; and research on rural revitalization based on sustainable development principles. The paper also offers four priority research suggestions for researchers from different disciplines.
Bulk-edge correspondence of one-dimensional quantum walks
Creators: name: Cedzich, C.
name: Grünbaum, F. A.
name: Stahl, C.
name: Velázquez, L.
name: Werner, A. H.
name: Werner, R. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We outline a theory of symmetry protected topological phases of one-dimensional quantum walks. We assume spectral gaps around the symmetry-distinguished points +1 and -1, in which only discrete eigenvalues are allowed. The phase classification by integer or binary indices extends the classification known for translation invariant systems in terms of their band structure. However, our theory requires no translation invariance whatsoever, and the indices we define in this general setting are invariant under arbitrary symmetric local perturbations, even those that cannot be continuously contracted to the identity. More precisely we define two indices for every walk, characterizing the behavior far to the right and far to the left, respectively. Their sum is a lower bound on the number of eigenstates at +1 and -1. For a translation invariant system the indices add up to zero, so one of them already characterizes the phase. By joining two bulk phases with different indices we get a walk in which the right and left indices no longer cancel, so the theory predicts bound states at +1 or -1. This is a rigorous statement of bulk-edge correspondence. The results also apply to the Hamiltonian case with a single gap at zero.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures. Interactive material and Mathematica-Notebooks at http://qig.itp.uni-hannover.de/bulkedge - expressed more clearly how the perturbations differ, elaborate more on example
P 2u purinoceptor regulation of mucin secretion in SPOC1 cells, a goblet cell line from the airways
Creators: name: ABDULLAH, Lubna H.
name: YAMAUCHI, Mitsuo
name: DAVIS, Shannon W.
name: NETTESHEIM, Paul
name: BURCH, Lauranell
name: RANDELL, Scott H.
name: DAVIS, C. William
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1996

description: The SPOC1 cell, a novel goblet cell line derived from rat trachea, was tested for its ability to exhibit regulated mucin secretion in response to purinergic (P2) agonists. High-molecular mass glycoconjugates (HMMGs) purified by CsCl-density-gradient centrifugation had a buoyant density of 1.45 g/ml. The purified HMMG material exhibited a single major band with an apparent molecular mass of greater than 1000 kDa in SDS/ polyacrylamide gels stained with silver or blotted and stained with soya-bean agglutinin. [3H]HMMG was resistant to proteoglycan-degrading enzymes, but was susceptible to neuraminidase. The HMMG was approx. 91% carbohydrate by weight, and the glycosides were O-linked. The HMMG amino acid composition was enriched in Ser and Thr (sum 27%). Thus SPOC1-cell HMMG possess the characteristics of mucin. Mucin secretion by SPOC1 cells, grown on permeable supports and perfused luminally, was stimulated by ATP, UTP and adenosine 5'-[gamma-thio]triphosphate (100 microM) 4-5-fold over a baseline of 4 ng/min. The three dose-effect relations were nearly identical (K0.5 approximately 4 microM). SPOC1 cells grown on plastic and rat tracheal epithelial primary cells responded similarly to ATP and/or UTP. SPOC1 cells failed to respond to other purinergic agonists, either luminally or serosally, and consequently seem to possess an apical membrane P2u purinoceptor. SPOC1-cell total RNA was probed for P2u purinoceptor mRNA. Using conserved primers for both reverse transcriptase and PCR, a single band of the predicted size was observed, which had a nucleotide base sequence identical with the rat P2u purinoceptor mRNA. Thus SPOC1 cells secrete mucin under the control of a P2u purinoceptor; they should prove useful in dissecting the associated cellular regulatory pathways.
Einstein-Maxwell gravity coupled to a scalar field in 2+1-dimensions
Creators: name: Mazharimousavi, S. Habib
name: Halilsoy, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider Einstein-Maxwell-self-interacting scalar field theory described by a potential $V\left( ϕ\right) $ in $2+1-$dimensions. The self-interaction potential is chosen to be a highly non-linear double-Liouville type. Exact solutions, including chargeless black holes and singularity-free non-black hole solutions are obtained in this model.
description: 6 pages, one figure, final copy accepted for publication in The European Physical Journal - Plus
The role of lipoprotein lipase and apoprotein E in the recognition of chylomicrons and chylomicron remnants by cultured isolated mouse hepatocytes
Creators: name: CHANG, Suyi
name: BORENSZTAJN, Jayme
name: MAEDA, Nobuyo
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1996

description: Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) has been proposed to play a role in the uptake of chylomicron remnants by hepatocytes by mediating the binding of these lipoproteins to cell-surface glycosaminoglycans and to the low-density-lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP). This proposal is based on studies that examined the binding of chylomicrons to HepG2 cells, fibroblasts and Chinese hamster ovary cells in culture, in the presence of large amounts of LPL [Beisiegel (1995) Curr. Opin. Lipidol. 6, 117-122]. We have investigated whether LPL attached to the surface of chylomicrons enhances the binding and uptake of these lipoproteins to isolated hepatocytes maintained in culture. Bovine milk LPL was bound to mouse chylomicrons, double-labelled in vivo with [3H]retinol (in retinyl esters) and with [14C]palmitic acid (in triacylglycerols), collected from the mesenteric lymph of normal mice and from mice lacking the apoprotein E (apo E) gene. Normal chylomicrons (containing apo E) and apo E-free chylomicrons, with or without bound LPL, were incubated with cultured hepatocytes isolated from mice lacking the apo E gene. At 0 degree C LPL did not enhance the binding of the normal or apo E-free chylomicrons by the hepatocytes. When incubations were performed at 37 degrees C the triacylglycerols of normal and apo E-free chylomicrons were hydrolysed by LPL and there was a significant uptake of [14C]fatty acids and [3H]retinol by the hepatocytes. The addition of heparin or lactoferrin, a known inhibitor of hepatic uptake of chylomicron remnants, to the incubation medium inhibited the uptake of [3H]retinol, present in the lipoprotein core, but not the uptake of the [14C]fatty acids. We conclude that: (1) LPL attached to chylomicrons in amounts sufficient to effectively hydrolyse their core triacylglycerols does not enhance the binding of these lipoproteins to the surface of isolated hepatocytes; (2) the recognition and uptake of chylomicrons by hepatocytes requires that these lipoproteins be first hydrolysed by LPL; and (3) the uptake of lipolysed chylomicrons (remnants) by hepatocytes does not require the mediation of apo E.
Certifying single-system steering for quantum information processing
Creators: name: Li, Che-Ming
name: Chen, Yueh-Nan
name: Lambert, Neill
name: Chiu, Ching-Yi
name: Nori, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering describes how different ensembles of quantum states can be remotely prepared by measuring one particle of an entangled pair. Here, we investigate quantum steering for single quantum d-dimensional systems (qudits) and devise efficient conditions to certify the steerability therein, which are applicable both to single-system steering and EPR steering. In the single-system case our steering conditions enable the unambiguous ruling-out of generic classical means of mimicking steering. Ruling out false-steering scenarios has implications for securing channels against both cloning-based individual attack and coherent attacks when implementing quantum key distribution using qudits. We also show that these steering conditions also have applications in quantum computation, in that they can serve as an efficient criterion for the evaluation of quantum logic gates of arbitrary size. Finally, we describe how the non-local EPR variant of these conditions also function as tools for identifying faithful one-way quantum computation, secure entanglement-based quantum communication, and genuine multipartite EPR steering.
SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen-specific B cell and antibody responses in pre-vaccination period COVID-19 convalescent males and females with or without post-covid condition
Creators: name: Lemaire-Paquette, Samuel
name: Rexhepi, Fjolla
name: Premkumar, Lakshmanane
name: Cantin, André
name: Namvarpour, Mozhdeh
name: Lucier, Jean-François
name: Allard-Chamard, Hugues
name: Menendez, Alfredo
name: Chowdhury, Mohammad Mobarak Hussain
name: Ilangumaran, Subburaj
name: Piché, Alain
name: Lévesque, Simon
name: Nandi, Madhuparna
name: Dionne, Isabelle J.
name: Quenum, Akouavi Julite Irmine
name: Durocher, Yves
name: Rioux-Perreault, Christine
name: Limoges, Marc-André
name: Akbari, Sara Ali
name: Ramanathan, Sheela
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media SA
Year: 2023

description: Background Following SARS-CoV-2 infection a significant proportion of convalescent individuals develop the post-COVID condition (PCC) that is characterized by wide spectrum of symptoms encompassing various organs. Even though the underlying pathophysiology of PCC is not known, detection of viral transcripts and antigens in tissues other than lungs raise the possibility that PCC may be a consequence of aberrant immune response to the viral antigens. To test this hypothesis, we evaluated B cell and antibody responses to the SARS-CoV-2 antigens in PCC patients who experienced mild COVID-19 disease during the pre-vaccination period of COVID-19 pandemic. Methods The study subjects included unvaccinated male and female subjects who developed PCC or not (No-PCC) after clearing RT-PCR confirmed mild COVID-19 infection. SARS-CoV-2 D614G and omicron RBD specific B cell subsets in peripheral circulation were assessed by flow cytometry. IgG, IgG3 and IgA antibody titers toward RBD, spike and nucleocapsid antigens in the plasma were evaluated by ELISA. Results The frequency of the B cells specific to D614G-RBD were comparable in convalescent groups with and without PCC in both males and females. Notably, in females with PCC, the anti-D614G RBD specific double negative (IgD-CD27-) B cells showed significant correlation with the number of symptoms at acute of infection. Anti-spike antibody responses were also higher at 3 months post-infection in females who developed PCC, but not in the male PCC group. On the other hand, the male PCC group also showed consistently high anti-RBD IgG responses compared to all other groups. Conclusions The antibody responses to the spike protein, but not the anti-RBD B cell responses diverge between convalescent males and females who develop PCC. Our findings also suggest that sex-related factors may also be involved in the development of PCC via modulating antibody responses to the SARS-CoV-2 antigens.
Observables in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions from two different transport approaches for the same initial conditions
Creators: name: Marty, Rudy
name: Bratkovskaya, Elena
name: Cassing, Wolfgang
name: Aichelin, Joerg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For nucleus-nucleus collisions at Relativistic-Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) energies we calculate observables in two conceptually transport theories, i.e. the n-body molecular dynamical model RSP and in the Parton-Hadron-String-Dynamics (PHSD), starting out from the same distribution of the initial energy density at the quark gluon plasma (QGP) formation time. The RSP is based on the Nambu Jona-Lasinio (NJL) Lagrangian whereas in PHSD the partons are described by the dynamical quasi-particle model (DQPM). Despite of the very different description of the parton properties, their interactions and of the hadronization in both approaches the final transverse momentum distributions of pions and kaons are rather similar. Thus it will be difficult to conclude from the final experimenal data on the details of the initial plasma properties.
description: Published version (minor changes, one subsection added)
Targeting spike glycans to inhibit SARS-CoV2 viral entry
Creators: name: Yang, Darian T.
name: Ambrose, Zandrea
name: Baric, Ralph S.
name: Bhinderwala, Fatema
name: Rennick, Linda J.
name: Guseman, Alex J.
name: Nambulli, Sham
name: Gronenborn, Angela M.
name: Duprex, W. Paul
name: Roy, Chandra N.
name: Vergara, Sandra
name: Schaefer, Alexandra
name: Martinez, David R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: SARS-CoV-2 spike harbors glycans which function as ligands for lectins. Therefore, it should be possible to exploit lectins to target SARS-CoV-2 and inhibit cellular entry by binding glycans on the spike protein. Burkholderia oklahomensis agglutinin (BOA) is an antiviral lectin that interacts with viral glycoproteins via N-linked high mannose glycans. Here, we show that BOA binds to the spike protein and is a potent inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 viral entry at nanomolar concentrations. Using a variety of biophysical approaches, we demonstrate that the interaction is avidity driven and that BOA cross-links the spike protein into soluble aggregates. Furthermore, using virus neutralization assays, we demonstrate that BOA effectively inhibits all tested variants of concern as well as SARS-CoV 2003, establishing that multivalent glycan-targeting molecules have the potential to act as pan-coronavirus inhibitors.
Nebulization as a more efficient method than atomizer for experimental reproduction of avian colibacillosis in young chickens
Creators: name: Saliha, Uneeb
name: Tivendale, Kelly A.
name: Noormohammadi, Amir H.
name: Shil, Pollob
name: Daly, June
name: Omotainse, Oluwadamilola S.
name: Arshad, Hafiz U.
name: Marenda, Marc S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Infection and immunity studies involving genetically modified organisms (GMOs), such as gene knockout bacterial mutants, require stringent physical containment to prevent the accidental spread of these organisms into the environment. Experimental respiratory tract infection models often require the animals, for example birds, to be transported several times between a negative pressure housing isolator and a bespoke aerosol exposure chamber under positive pressure. While the exposure chamber is sealed and fitted with HEPA filters, the repeated movements of infected animals and opening of the chamber can still pose a serious risk of breaching containment of the organism in the experimental facility. In the current study, the ability of two aerosol infection protocols that expose birds to avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) aerosols directly within the housing isolator was evaluated. Young chicks were exposed to APEC E956 within the negative pressure housing isolators using either a nebulizer or an atomizer. Birds exposed twice (days 1 and 4) to aerosols of APEC E956 produced by the nebulizer developed a rapidly progressing disease mimicking field cases of avian colibacillosis. However, birds exposed to aerosols of APEC E956 produced by an atomizer did not develop colibacillosis even after three exposures to APEC E956 on days 1, 4 and 7. Consequently, the current study reports the nebulizer was more efficacious in producing avian colibacillosis under stricter bacterial containment settings. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTSTwo aerosol exposure methods were evaluated to develop avian colibacillosis.Nebulizer method found to be more efficient in reproducing avian colibacillosis.Refined infection method can be used to study genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Two aerosol exposure methods were evaluated to develop avian colibacillosis. Nebulizer method found to be more efficient in reproducing avian colibacillosis. Refined infection method can be used to study genetically modified organisms (GMOs).
The Effect of Polyphenols, Minerals, Fibers, and Fruits on Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Systematic Review
Creators: name: Surdea-Blaga T.
name: Ismaiel A.
name: Brata V.D.
name: Incze V.
name: Chiarioni G.
name: Dumitrascu D.I.
name: Duse T.A.
name: Popa S.L.
name: Pop C.
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
Year: 2023

description: Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain, bloating, and changes in bowel habits. Various dietary factors have been implicated in the pathogenesis and management of IBS symptoms. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effects of polyphenols, minerals, fibers, and fruits on the symptoms and overall well-being of individuals with IBS. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in several electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Studies published up until July 2023 were included. Results: The selected studies varied in terms of study design, participant characteristics, intervention duration, and outcome measures. Overall, the findings suggest that dietary interventions involving polyphenols, minerals, fibers, and fruits can have a positive impact on IBS symptoms. Dietary fiber supplementation, particularly soluble fiber, has been associated with reduced bloating and enhanced stool consistency. Conclusions: This systematic review provides evidence supporting the beneficial effects of polyphenols, minerals, fibers, and fruits in IBS patients. These dietary components hold promise as complementary approaches for managing IBS symptoms. However, due to the heterogeneity of the included studies and the limited number of high-quality randomized controlled trials, further well-designed trials are warranted to establish the optimal dosages, duration, and long-term effects of these interventions. Understanding the role of specific dietary components in IBS management may pave the way for personalized dietary recommendations and improve the quality of life for individuals suffering from this complex disorder.