cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Groundwater Governance in Asia: The Challenge of Taming a Colossal Anarchy, Kyoto, Japan, 17 March 2003
Creators: name: World Water Forum 3: Water, Food And Environment
name: World Water Forum 3: Water, Food And Environment
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Groundwater management
subject: Water governance
subject: Tube wells
subject: Regulations

description: Groundwater Governance in Asia: The Challenge of Taming a Colossal Anarchy, Kyoto, Japan, 17 March 2003
Crossed Andreev reflection at ferromagnetic domain walls
Creators: name: Mélin, R.
name: Peysson, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate several factors controlling the physics of hybrid structures involving ferromagnetic domain walls (DWs) and superconducting (S) metals. We discuss the role of non collinear magnetizations in S/DW junctions in a spin $\otimes$ Nambu $\otimes$ Keldysh formalism. We discuss transport in S/DW/N and S/DW/S junctions in the presence of inelastic scattering in the domain wall. In this case transport properties are similar for the S/DW/S and S/DW/N junctions and are controlled by sequential tunneling of spatially separated Cooper pairs across the domain wall. In the absence of inelastic scattering we find that a Josephson current circulates only if the size of the ferromagnetic region is smaller than the elastic mean free path meaning that the Josephson effect associated to crossed Andreev reflection cannot be observed under usual experimental conditions. Nevertheless a finite dc current can circulate across the S/DW/S junction due to crossed Andreev reflection associated to sequential tunneling.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures, references added at the end of the introduction
Rural Action Learning - promoting competences and strengthening participation
Creators: name: Schockemoehle, Johanna
name: Kalmarne Hollosi, Erika
name: Cser, Janos
name: Schockemoehle, Johanna
name: Kalmarne Hollosi, Erika
name: Cser, Janos
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: regional learning
subject: action learning
subject: regional identity

description: On-site learning in the own region has a high educational potential, which should be utilised by promoting the participation of adults, young people and children at regional level. In order to reach this objective, the concept of Rural Action Learning was developed, tested and evaluated in this research project. The evaluation results show that regional action-oriented learning promotes the identity formation and the acquisition of participatory competence. It contributes effectively to the participation at regional level with particular emphasis on an education for sustainable development. A two-group pre-test and post-test design was used to evaluate the effectiveness of Rural Action Learning. Participants in learning activities were asked to complete a questionnaire before and after the activity in order to detect changes in the characteristics of regional identity and participatory competence. In addition, interviews with organizers of learning activities provided comprehensive data to identify factors that influence the effectiveness of these measures.
Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) eremicus Meyer & Ueckermann
Creators: name: Ueckermann, Edward A.
name: Zannou, Ignace D.
name: De Moraes, Gilberto J.
name: Oliveira, Anibal R.
name: Hanna, Rachid
name: Yaninek, John S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Mesostigmata
Phytoseiidae
Typhlodromus
Typhlodromus eremicus

description: Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) eremicus Meyer & Ueckermann
(Fig. 17)
 Typhlodromus eremicus Meyer & Ueckermann, 1989: 3.
 Amblydromella (Prasadoseia) eremica, Denmark & Welbourn, 2002: 297.
 Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) eremicus, Moraes et al., 2004: 323; Chant & McMurtry, 2007: 152.
FEMALE. (Specimens measured— South Africa: holotype). Idiosomal setal pattern 12A:8A/JV:ZV.
Dorsum. Schizodorsal shield 358 long and 164 wide; laterally reticulate from seta j1 to level of seta R1 and completely reticulate from the level of R1 to seta S2. With 5 pairs of solenostomes gd6 not indicated in fig. 17 A. Setae j1 11, j3 11, j4 19, j5 9, j6 9, J2 9, J5 8, z2 12, z3 11, z4 13, z5 10, Z4 10, Z5 15, s4 11, s6 13, S2 10, S4 9, S5 10, r3 11, R1 9. All setae very short, smooth and sharp-tipped.
Peritreme. Extending almost to level of z2.
Venter. Sternal shield smooth, with 3 pairs of setae; posterior margin convex; distances between ST1-ST3 66, ST2-ST2 57. Genital shield smooth; distance between ST5-ST5 53. Ventrianal shield smooth, slightly waisted and rectangular, with anterior margin convex, 123 long, 76 wide at level of ZV2, 64 wide at level of anus; with 3 pairs of pre-anal setae (seta JV3 absent); round pre-anal pores posterolaterad of JV2. With 2 pairs of metapodal shields. Caudoventral setae smooth.
Chelicera. Movable digit 22 long, with 2 teeth; fixed digit 21 long, with 4 teeth.
Spermatheca. Calyx funnel-shaped, wrongly depicted by Smith Meyer & Ueckermann (1989), 15 long.
Legs. Leg IV without macrosetae. Chaetotaxy: genu II: 2-2/1, 2/0-1; genu III: 1-2/1, 2/0-1.
 Specimens examined. South Africa: Holotype female, Northern Cape Province, Dune road to Eland, Kgalagadi Gemsbok National Park, on an unidentified herb, 6-II-1987, M.K.P. Smith Meyer.
 World distribution. South Africa.
description: Published as part of Ueckermann, Edward A., Zannou, Ignace D., De Moraes, Gilberto J., Oliveira, Anibal R., Hanna, Rachid & Yaninek, John S., 2008, Phytoseiid mites of the tribe Typhlodromini (Acari: Phytoseiidae) from sub-Saharan Africa, pp. 1-122 in Zootaxa 1901 (1) on pages 38-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1901.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5134045
title: Ανάπτυξη διαδικτυακής εφαρμογής διαχείρισης πτηνοτροφικών μονάδων με χρήση ASP.NET MVC, SQL Server και Entity Framework
title: Implementation of a web application for the management of poultry farming units, using ASP.NET MVC, SQL Server and Entity Framework
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Σπαή, Τρισεύγενη
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Entity Framework
subject: Microsoft SQL Server
subject: Poultry farming
subject: ASP.NET
subject: MVC
subject: Web application

description: Η διαδικτυακή εφαρμογή που υλοποιήθηκε στο πλαίσιο της παρούσας μεταπτυχιακής διατριβής προορίζεται για χρήση από πτηνοτρόφους, κατόχους επιχειρήσεων μικρής κλίμακας. Βασικός σκοπός της είναι η παρακολούθηση της θερμοκρασίας, της σχετικής υγρασίας και της πίεσης στο εσωτερικό των εγκαταστάσεων, αλλά και της θερμοκρασίας, της υγρασίας και της ταχύτητας του αέρα στο εξωτερικό περιβάλλον. Όταν οι τιμές των περιβαλλοντικών μεταβλητών αποκλίνουν από το κατάλληλο εύρος που προβλέπεται από την ευρωπαϊκή και την ελληνική νομοθεσία, η εφαρμογή προτείνει κάποιες ενέργειες που θα πρέπει να γίνουν από τον παραγωγό ώστε να βελτιωθούν αυτές οι τιμές. Για παράδειγμα, εάν η θερμοκρασία είναι αυξημένη στο εσωτερικό της μονάδας και στον εξωτερικό χώρο η θερμοκρασία είναι χαμηλότερη, συστήνεται στον χρήστη να ανοίξει τα παράθυρα. Οι τιμές των μεταβλητών ανανεώνονται πολύ συχνά ώστε ο παραγωγός να έχει ανά πάσα στιγμή τον έλεγχο των περιβαλλοντικών συνθηκών.
Agricultural knowledge and rural economy - analysis on micro and macro scales
Creators: name: Czapiewski, Konrad L.
name: Florianczyk, Zbigniew
name: Janc, Krzysztof
name: Czapiewski, Konrad L.
name: Florianczyk, Zbigniew
name: Janc, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Public Economics
subject: knowledge transfer
subject: rural policy
subject: multidimensional analysis
subject: education

description: In this paper agricultural knowledge and economic activity of farms are analysed from different perspectives. The research on the role of knowledge in stimulating agricultural and rural development was conducted with the main focus on the EU agricultural rural policies. The authors provide a scientific procedure that delimitates rural areas of Poland according to their potential to expand agricultural activity versus multifunctionality of rural areas.
Dispersion Anomalies in Cuprate Superconductors
Creators: name: Chubukov, A. V.
name: Norman, M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that the shape of the dispersion along the nodal and antinodal directions in the cuprates can be understood as a consequence of the interaction of the electrons with collective spin excitations. In the normal state, the dispersion displays a crossover at an energy where the decay into spin fluctuations becomes relevant. In the superconducting state, the antinodal dispersion is strongly affected by the spin resonance and displays an S-shape whose magnitude scales with the resonance intensity. For nodal fermions, relevant spin excitations do not have resonance behavior, rather they are better characterized as a gapped continuum. As a consequence, the S-shape becomes a kink, and superconductivity does not affect the dispersion as strongly. Finally, we note that optical phonons typically lead to a temperature independent S-shape, in disagreement with the observed dispersion.
description: 12 pages, 7 eps figures
Supplemental figures, tables and data from Identification of AtHsp90.6 involved in early embryogenesis and its structure prediction by molecular dynamics simulations
Creators: name: luo, An
name: Li, Xinbo
name: Zhang, Xuecheng
name: Zhan, Huadong
name: Du, Hewei
name: Zhang, Yubo
name: Peng, Xiongbo
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019

description: Heat-shock protein of 90 kDa (Hsp90) is a key molecular chaperone involved in folding the synthesized protein and controlling protein quality. Conformational dynamics coupled to ATPase activity in N-terminal domain is essential for Hsp90's function. However, the relevant process is still largely unknown in plant Hsp90s, especially those required for plant embryogenesis which is inextricably tied up with human survival. Here, AtHsp90.6, a member of Hsp90 family in Arabidopsis, was firstly identified as a protein essential for embryogenesis. Thus we modelled AtHsp90.6 in its functionally closed ‘lid-down’ and open ‘lid-up’ states, exploring the nucleotide binding mechanism in these two states. Free energy landscape and electrostatic potential analysis revealed the switching mechanism between these two states. Collectively, this study quantitatively analysed the conformational changes of AtHsp90.6 bound to ATP or ADP. This result may help us understand the mechanism of action of AtHsp90.6 in future.
Enhanced Energy Transfer Rate in Solar Wind Turbulence Observed near the Sun from Parker Solar Probe
Creators: name: Bandyopadhyay, Riddhi
name: Goldstein, M. L.
name: Maruca, B. A.
name: Matthaeus, W. H.
name: Parashar, T. N.
name: Ruffolo, D.
name: Chhiber, R.
name: Usmanov, A.
name: Chasapis, A.
name: Qudsi, R.
name: Bale, Stuart D.
name: Bonnell, J. W.
name: de Wit, Thierry Dudok
name: Goetz, Keith
name: Harvey, Peter R.
name: MacDowall, Robert J.
name: Malaspina, David M.
name: Pulupa, Marc
name: Kasper, J. C.
name: Korreck, K. E.
name: Case, A. W.
name: Stevens, M.
name: Whittlesey, P.
name: Larson, D.
name: Livi, R.
name: Klein, K. G.
name: Velli, M.
name: Raouafi, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Direct evidence of an inertial-range turbulent energy cascade has been provided by spacecraft observations in heliospheric plasmas. In the solar wind, the average value of the derived heating rate near 1 au is $\sim 10^{3}\, \mathrm{J\,kg^{-1}\,s^{-1}}$, an amount sufficient to account for observed departures from adiabatic expansion. Parker Solar Probe (PSP), even during its first solar encounter, offers the first opportunity to compute, in a similar fashion, a fluid-scale energy decay rate, much closer to the solar corona than any prior in-situ observations. Using the Politano-Pouquet third-order law and the von Kármán decay law, we estimate the fluid-range energy transfer rate in the inner heliosphere, at heliocentric distance $R$ ranging from $54\,R_{\odot}$ (0.25 au) to $36\,R_{\odot}$ (0.17 au). The energy transfer rate obtained near the first perihelion is about 100 times higher than the average value at 1 au. This dramatic increase in the heating rate is unprecedented in previous solar wind observations, including those from Helios, and the values are close to those obtained in the shocked plasma inside the terrestrial magnetosheath.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal Supplement, PSP special issue
MOESM6 of Optogenetic activation of parvalbumin and somatostatin interneurons selectively restores theta-nested gamma oscillations and oscillation-induced spike timing-dependent long-term potentiation impaired by amyloid β oligomers
Creators: name: Kyerl Park
name: Jaedong Lee
name: Jang, Hyun
name: Richards, Blake
name: Kohl, Michael
name: Jeehyun Kwag
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 6 : Figure S6. Optogenetic inactivation of Arch-expressing SST interneurons has no effect on the power of gamma oscillations.
Interacting Dark Energy and Its Implications for Unified Dark Sector
Creators: name: MV, Pradosh Keshav
name: Arun, Kenath
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Alternative dark energy models were proposed to address the limitation of the standard concordance model. Though different phenomenological considerations of such models are widely studied, scenarios where they interact with each other remain unexplored. In this context, we study interacting dark energy scenarios (IDEs), incorporating alternative dark energy models. The three models that are considered in this study are time-varying Λ, Generalized Chaplygin Gas (GCG), and K-essence. Each model includes an interaction rate Γto quantify energy density transfer between dark energy and matter. Among them, GCG coupled with an interaction term shows promising agreement with the observed TT power spectrum, particularly for l < 70, when Γfalls within a specific range. The K-essence model (Γ<= 0.1) is more sensitive to Γdue to its non-canonical kinetic term, while GCG (Γ>= 1.02) and the time-varying Λ(Γ<= 0.01) models are less sensitive, as they involve different parameterizations. We then derive a general condition when the non-canonical scalar field ϕ (with a kinetic term Xn) interacts with GCG. This has not been investigated in general form before. We find that current observational constraints on IDEs suggest a unified scalar field with a balanced regime, where it mimics quintessence behavior at n < 1 and phantom behavior at n > 1. We outline a strong need to consider alternative explanations and fewer parameter dependencies while addressing potential interactions in the dark sector.
The program for the transformation of atomic state functions from LS- to jj-coupled basis
Creators: name: Zalandauskas, Tomas
name: Gaigalas, Gediminas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we present the program for the transformation of the expansions of the atomic state functions from LS- to jj-coupled bases. The program is a part of the coupling optimization package Laris and allows to transform the multiconfigurational expansions with the arbitrary number of open shells (including f-electrons) and to identify atomic levels and classify the atomic spectra by means of intermediate quantum numbers of LS- and jj-couplings.
Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) ghanaensis Zannou, Moraes & Oliveira 2008, n. sp.
Creators: name: Ueckermann, Edward A.
name: Zannou, Ignace D.
name: De Moraes, Gilberto J.
name: Oliveira, Anibal R.
name: Hanna, Rachid
name: Yaninek, John S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Mesostigmata
Phytoseiidae
Typhlodromus
Typhlodromus ghanaensis

description: Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) ghanaensis Zannou, Moraes & Oliveira, n. sp.
(Fig. 21)
 Diagnosis. Characterized by having dorsal shield mostly smooth, with lateral and sparse dorsocentral striae; dorsal setae smooth and knobbed, except Z4 and Z5, serrate, and j1, j4–j6, J5 and z5 sharp-tipped; ventrianal shield mostly smooth, with some reticulations around anus; setae JV5 smooth and knobbed; calyx of spermatheca tubular.
FEMALE. (1 specimen measured). Idiosomal setal pattern: 12A:8A/JV: ZV.
Dorsum. Dorsal shield, 272 long and 150 wide; mostly smooth, with lateral and sparse dorsocentral striae. With 5 pairs of solenostomes. Setae j1 13, j3 16, j4 16, j5 14, j6 19, J2 19, J5 10, z2 14, z3 16, z4 18, z5 16, Z4 26, Z5 38, s4 19, s6 19, S2 22, S4 22, S5 19, r3 16, R1 16. Setae j1, j4, j5, j6, Z4 and Z5 smooth and knobbed, except for Z4 and Z5, serrate; j1, j4-j6, J5 and z5, sharp-tipped.
Peritreme. Extending to level of j1.
Venter. Sternal shield too lightly sclerotized to be illustrated; distances between ST1-ST3 58, ST2-ST2 53. Genital shield smooth; distance between ST5-ST5 51. Ventrianal shield mostly smooth, with some reticulations around anus, pentagonal, with anterior margin slightly concave, 96 long, 80 wide at level of ZV2, 74 wide at level of anus, with 4 pairs of pre-anal setae (JV3 present); round pre-anal pores posteromesad of JV2. With 2 pairs of metapodal shields. Caudoventral setae smooth and sharp-tipped except for JV5, knobbed.
Chelicera. Position renders measurement of digits and count of teeth impossible.
Spermatheca. Calyx tubular, 19 long; atrium small, incorporated in calyx.
Legs. Macrosetae knobbed: Sg IV 11; Sti IV 13, St IV 21. Tibia IV with 2 knobbed setae in addition to the macroseta. Chaetotaxy: genu II: 2-2/0, 2/0- 1; genu III: 1-2/1, 2/0-1.
 Locality and type material. Holotype female from unknown plant, Cape Coast, Ghana, 12-XI-1989, J.S. Yaninek, deposited at ESALQ-USP.
 Etymology. The name ghanaensis refers to the country where the holotype of this species was found (Ghana).
 Remarks. Typhlodromus (A.) cephalochaitosus differs from this species by having all the dorsal setae knobbed, except j1 and J5, sharp-tipped, and by lacking z3. Typhlodromus (A.) hartlandrowei Evans and Typhlodromus (A.) transvaalensis (Nesbitt) differ from the new species by having most of dorsal setae serrate and much longer as well as by lacking seta JV3.
description: Published as part of Ueckermann, Edward A., Zannou, Ignace D., De Moraes, Gilberto J., Oliveira, Anibal R., Hanna, Rachid & Yaninek, John S., 2008, Phytoseiid mites of the tribe Typhlodromini (Acari: Phytoseiidae) from sub-Saharan Africa, pp. 1-122 in Zootaxa 1901 (1) on pages 45-46, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1901.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5134045
ECONOMICS OF AG CHEMICALS: Flawed Methodology and a Conflict of Interest Quagmire
Creators: name: Ayer, Harry W.
name: Conklin, Neilson C.
name: Ayer, Harry W.
name: Conklin, Neilson C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: A recent U.S. study presents estimates of the effects of banning all pesticides and inorganic nitrogen in U.S. farm production. The research methodology used in the study has serious flaws. In addition, the sponsorship of the study by vested Interests gives the appearance that commercial interests are promoted under the guise of land-grant university research. Consequently, the study should not be used as a basis for policy decision making. The study also demonstrates that researchers must be diligent in protecting the independence, objectivity and credibility of their work. Unless this is done the public 's support for land-grant policy research will diminish and appropriately so.
Investigation of the Millisecond Pulsar Origins by their Spin Periods at the Wavebands of Radio, X-Ray, and γ-Ray
Creators: name: Wang, De-Hua
name: Zhang, Cheng-Min
name: Wang, Shuang-Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To track the formation and evolution links of the millisecond pulsars (MSPs) powered by accretion and rotation in the Galactic field, we investigate the spin period (P) and spin-down power (Edot) distributions of the MSPs observed at the wavebands of radio, X-ray, and γ-ray. We find that all but one (119/120) of the γ-ray MSPs have been detected with the radio signals (radio+γ MSPs); on the contrary, nearly half of the radio MSPs (118/237) have not been detected with γ-rays (radio-only MSPs). In addition, the radio+γ MSPs are shown to be the relative faster and more energetic objects ( ~ 3.28 ms and ~ 4.5 * 10^34 erg s^-1) compared with the radio-only MSPs ( ~ 4.70 ms and ~ 1.0 * 10^34 erg s^-1), while the spin periods of these two MSP populations are compatible with the log-normal distributions by the statistical tests. Most rotation-powered MSPs (RMSPs) with the radio eclipsing (31/34) exhibit the radio+γ signals, which share the faster spin ( ~ 2.78 ms) and larger spin-down power ( ~ 4.1 * 10^34 erg s^-1) distributions than the non-eclipsing ones ( ~ 4.19 ms, ~ 2.4 * 10^34 erg s^-1), implying the radio+γ MSPs to be younger than the radio-only MSPs. It is noticed that the spin distribution of the accretion-powered X-ray MSPs shows a clustering phenomenon around ~ 1.6-2.0 ms, which is not observed in RMSPs, hinting that the RMSPs may experience the multiple possible origins. Particularly, all the three super-fast spinning RMSPs with P ~ 1.4-1.6 ms exhibit the non-eclipsing, and we argue that they may be the distinctive sources formed by the accretion induced collapse (AIC) of white dwarfs.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, 6 tables
Phase-control of directed diffusion in a symmetric optical lattice
Creators: name: Schiavoni, Michele
name: Sanchez-Palencia, Laurent
name: Renzoni, Ferruccio
name: Grynberg, Gilbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the phenomenon of directed diffusion in a symmetric periodic potential. This has been realized with cold atoms in a one-dimensional dissipative optical lattice. The stochastic process of optical pumping leads to a diffusive dynamics of the atoms through the periodic structure, while a zero-mean force which breaks the temporal symmetry of the system is applied by phase-modulating one of the lattice beams. The atoms are set into directed motion as a result of the breaking of the temporal symmetry of the system.
New search for mirror neutron regeneration
Creators: name: Broussard, L. J.
name: Bailey, K. M.
name: Bailey, W. B.
name: Barrow, J. L.
name: Berry, K.
name: Blose, A.
name: Crawford, C.
name: Debeer-Schmitt, L.
name: Frost, M.
name: Galindo-Uribarri, A.
name: Gallmeier, F. X.
name: Gilbert, C. E.
name: Heilbronn, L.
name: Iverson, E. B.
name: Johnston, A.
name: Kamyshkov, Y.
name: Lewiz, P.
name: Novikov, I.
name: Penttilä, S. I.
name: Vavra, S.
name: Young, A. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The possibility of relatively fast neutron oscillations into a mirror neutron state is not excluded experimentally when a mirror magnetic field is considered. Direct searches for the disappearance of neutrons into mirror neutrons in a controlled magnetic field have previously been performed using ultracold neutrons, with some anomalous results reported. We describe a technique using cold neutrons to perform a disappearance and regeneration search, which would allow us to unambiguously identify a possible oscillation signal. An experiment using the existing General Purpose-Small Angle Neutron Scattering instrument at the High Flux Isotope Reactor at Oak Ridge National Laboratory will have the sensitivity to fully explore the parameter space of prior ultracold neutron searches and confirm or refute previous claims of observation. This instrument can also conclusively test the validity of recently suggested oscillation-based explanations for the neutron lifetime anomaly.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, Proceedings of the International Workshop on Particle Physics at Neutron Sources (PPNS 2018)
title: Trace-element characteristics of the Buck Reef Chert (Barberton, S. Africa)
Creators: name: Lamers, Naomi Soraya
name: van Zuilen, Kirsten
name: Vroon, Pieter
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2020

description: Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands

The Buck Reef Chert (BRC) forms the boundary between the Hooggenoeg and Kromberg formations of the Barberton Greenstone Belt (S. Africa). The BRC sequence is characterized by the alternation between black, white, black white, iron-rich and greenish grey cherts. The 900m BARB3 drill core of the Barberton Drilling Project provides an unique opportunity to study parts of the BRC that are weathered up to a depth of 30 meters at the surface. Here we present new trace-element data from 60 micro-drilled samples from the quarters of the BARB3 drill core. The Al2O3 content of the samples varies between 0.00 and 19.01 wt. %. The PAAS normalised REE patterns are variable: (La/Yb)N=0.14 - 39, Ce/Ce*(0.5 – 6.0), Eu/Eu* (1.0-7.0) and Y/Ho (0.0 – 8.5) anomalies. The REE data suggest mixing between seawater and a hydrothermal source. Three end-members characterize the cherts of the BARB3 core based on Cr/Th, Ni/Th and Ba/Th systematics: 1) terrigenous, 2) komatiite and 3) hydrothermal. The terrigenous sediment component is predominantly found in the black cherts and the white cherts contain more of the komatiite end-member. The alternating Black White cherts have the lowest input of terrigenous material and are deposited from hydrothermal fluids.
The New Biology: A Union of Ecology and Molecular Biology
Creators: name: Duvick, Donald N.
name: Duvick, Donald N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: The new biology of the 1990s will integrate ecology and molecular biology in the service of agriculture. This new biology will surprise us. It will not present us with a cornucopia of genetically engineered chimeras. Nor will it present a plethora of chemically dependent cultivars, fragile in absence of expensive support systems. Instead, the new biology of the 1990s, grounded in ecological principles and deepened with new genetic insights, will make it possible to develop an agricultural production system that is more sustaining than it is today.
Temperature Dependence of the Dielectric Constant and Resistivity of Diluted Magnetic Semiconductors
Creators: name: López-Sancho, M. P.
name: Brey, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect that the ferromagnetic order has on the electrical properties of Diluted Magnetic Semiconductors. We analyze the temperature dependence of the dielectric constant and of the resistivity of Ga$_{1-x}$Mn$_x$As. In our treatment the electronic structure of the semiconductor is described by a six band Kohn-Luttinger Hamiltonian, the thermal fluctuations of the Mn magnetic moments are treated in the mean field approximation, the carrier-carrier interaction within the random phase approximation, and the transport properties using the relaxation time approximation. We find that the Thomas-Fermi length changes near 8% when going from the ferromagnetic to the paramagnetic phase. We also find, in good agreement with the experiments, that the resistivity changes near 20% when going from zero to the Curie temperature. We explain this change in the resistivity in terms of the variation of the Fermi surface and the transport scattering time when going from the ferromagnetic phase to the paramagnetic phase.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Resonant thermal energy transfer to magnons in a ferromagnetic nanolayer
Creators: name: Kobecki, Michal
name: Scherbakov, Alexey V.
name: Linnik, Tetiana L.
name: Kukhtaruk, Serhii M.
name: Gusev, Vitalyi E.
name: Pattnaik, Debi P.
name: Akimov, Ilya A.
name: Rushforth, Andrew W.
name: Akimov, Andrey V.
name: Bayer, Manfred
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Energy harvesting is a modern concept which makes dissipated heat useful by transferring thermal energy to other excitations. Most of the existing principles for energy harvesting are realized in systems which are heated continuously, for example generating DC voltage in thermoelectric devices. Here we present the concept of high-frequency energy harvesting where the dissipated heat in a sample excites resonant magnons in a 5-nm thick ferromagnetic metal layer. The sample is excited by femtosecond laser pulses with a repetition rate of 10 GHz which results in temperature modulation at the same frequency with amplitude ~0.1 K. The alternating temperature excites magnons in the ferromagnetic nanolayer which are detected by measuring the net magnetization precession. When the magnon frequency is brought onto resonance with the optical excitation, a 12-fold increase of the amplitude of precession indicates efficient resonant heat transfer from the lattice to coherent magnons. The demonstrated principle may be used for energy harvesting in various nanodevices operating at GHz and sub-THz frequency ranges.
description: Manuscript: 12 pages, 3 figures; Supplemental information: 7 pages; 4 figures, 3 tables
Disentangling the relative importance of spatio-temporal parameters and host specificity in shaping arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus communities in a temperate forest
Creators: name: Grünfeld, Leonie
name: Mola, Magkdi
name: Wulf, Monika
name: Hempel, Stefan
name: Veresoglou, Stavros D.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
subject: Host specificity
subject: Herbaceous understory
subject: Spatio-temporal dynamics
subject: Stochastic vs. deterministic drivers
subject: Temperate forests
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)

description: Many woody and herbaceous plants in temperate forests cannot establish and survive in the absence of mycorrhizal associations. Most temperate forests are dominated by ectomycorrhizal woody plant species, which implies that the carrying capacity of the habitat for arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is relatively low and AMF could in some cases experience a limitation of propagules. Here we address how the AMF community composition varied in a small temperate forest site in Germany in relation to time, space, two plant host species, and also with regard to the degree to which plots were covered with AMF-associating woody species. The AMF communities in our study were non-random. We observed that space had a greater impact on fungal community composition than either time, mycorrhizal state of the close-by woody species, or the identity of the host plant. The identity of the host plant was the only parameter that modified AMF richness in the roots. The set of parameters which we addressed has rarely been studied together, and the resulting ranking could ease prioritizing some of them to be included in future surveys. AMF are crucial for the establishment of understory plants in temperate forests, making it desirable to further explore how they vary in time and space.
MOESM5 of Optogenetic activation of parvalbumin and somatostatin interneurons selectively restores theta-nested gamma oscillations and oscillation-induced spike timing-dependent long-term potentiation impaired by amyloid β oligomers
Creators: name: Kyerl Park
name: Jaedong Lee
name: Jang, Hyun
name: Richards, Blake
name: Kohl, Michael
name: Jeehyun Kwag
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 5 : Figure S5. Optogenetic inactivation of Arch-expressing PV interneurons reduces the power of gamma oscillations.
MOESM4 of Optogenetic activation of parvalbumin and somatostatin interneurons selectively restores theta-nested gamma oscillations and oscillation-induced spike timing-dependent long-term potentiation impaired by amyloid β oligomers
Creators: name: Kyerl Park
name: Jaedong Lee
name: Jang, Hyun
name: Richards, Blake
name: Kohl, Michael
name: Jeehyun Kwag
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 4 : Figure S4. Intrinsic properties of SST and PV interneurons in DMSO- and AβO1–42-treated hippocampal slices in vitro.
Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Heat-Conducting Near-Critical Fluids
Creators: name: Hamanaka, Toshiyuki
name: Yamamoto, Ryoichi
name: Onuki, Akira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using molecular dynamics simulations, we study supercritical fluids near the gas-liquid critical point under heat flow in two dimensions. We calculate the steady-state temperature and density profiles. The resultant thermal conductivity exhibits critical singularity in agreement with the mode-coupling theory in two dimensions. We also calculate distributions of the momentum and heat fluxes at fixed density. They indicate that liquid-like (entropy-poor) clusters move toward the warmer boundary and gas-like (entropy-rich) regions move toward the cooler boundary in a temperature gradient. This counterflow results in critical enhancement of the thermal conductivity.
Industrial democracy: a comparative study of workers' participation in the government of an industrial enterprise in Great Britain and the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
Creators: name: M.J.K. Stanworth
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Industrial democracy: a comparative study of workers' participation in the government of an industrial enterprise in Great Britain and the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
Geodesics in a quasispherical spacetime: A case of gravitational repulsion
Creators: name: Herrera, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Geodesics are studied in one of the Weyl metrics, referred to as the M--Q solution. First, arguments are provided, supporting our belief that this space--time is the more suitable (among the known solutions of the Weyl family) for discussing the properties of strong quasi--spherical gravitational fields. Then, the behaviour of geodesics is compared with the spherically symmetric situation, bringing out the sensitivity of the trajectories to deviations from spherical symmetry. Particular attention deserves the change of sign in proper radial acceleration of test particles moving radially along symmetry axis, close to the $r=2M$ surface, and related to the quadrupole moment of the source.
description: 30 pages latex
Measuring the decoherence rate in a semiconductor charge qubit
Creators: name: Barrett, S. D.
name: Milburn, G. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a method by which the decoherence time of a solid state qubit may be measured. The qubit is coded in the orbital degree of freedom of a single electron bound to a pair of donor impurities in a semiconductor host. The qubit is manipulated by adiabatically varying an external electric field. We show that, by measuring the total probability of a successful qubit rotation as a function of the control field parameters, the decoherence rate may be determined. We estimate various system parameters, including the decoherence rates due to electromagnetic fluctuations and acoustic phonons. We find that, for reasonable physical parameters, the experiment is possible with existing technology. In particular, the use of adiabatic control fields implies that the experiment can be performed with control electronics with a time resolution of tens of nanoseconds.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, revtex4
MOESM3 of Optogenetic activation of parvalbumin and somatostatin interneurons selectively restores theta-nested gamma oscillations and oscillation-induced spike timing-dependent long-term potentiation impaired by amyloid β oligomers
Creators: name: Kyerl Park
name: Jaedong Lee
name: Jang, Hyun
name: Richards, Blake
name: Kohl, Michael
name: Jeehyun Kwag
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 3 : Figure S3. Impairment of optogenetically-induced theta-nested gamma oscillations in AβO1–42-treated hippocampal slice in vitro.
Damping rates of the atomic velocity in Sisyphus cooling
Creators: name: Sanchez-Palencia, Laurent
name: Schiavoni, Michele
name: Carminati, Francois-Regis
name: Renzoni, Ferruccio
name: Grynberg, Gilbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical and experimental study of the damping process of the atomic velocity in Sisyphus cooling. The relaxation rates of the atomic kinetic temperature are determined for a 3D lin$\perp$lin optical lattice. We find that the damping rates of the atomic temperature depend linearly on the optical pumping rate, for a given depth of the potential wells. This is at variance with the behavior of the friction coefficient as calculated from the spatial diffusion coefficients within a model of Brownian motion. The origin of this different behavior is identified by distinguishing the role of the trapped and traveling atoms.
The tetragonal phase of CH$_{3}$NH$_{3}$PbI$_{3}$ is strongly anharmonic
Creators: name: Sharma, Rituraj
name: Dai, Zhenbang
name: Gao, Lingyuan
name: Brenner, Thomas M.
name: Yadgarov, Lena
name: Zhang, Jiahao
name: Rakita, Yevgeny
name: Korobko, Roman
name: Rappe, Andrew M.
name: Yaffe, Omer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Halide perovskite (HP) semiconductors exhibit unique strong coupling between the electronic and structural dynamics. The high-temperature cubic phase of HPs is known to be entropically stabilized, with imaginary frequencies in the calculated phonon dispersion relation. Similar calculations, based on the static average crystal structure, predict a stable tetragonal phase with no imaginary modes. This work shows that in contrast to standard theory predictions, the room-temperature tetragonal phase of CH$_{3} $NH$_{3} $PbI$_{3}$ is strongly anharmonic. We use Raman polarization-orientation (PO) measurements and \textit{ab initio} molecular dynamics (AIMD) to investigate the origin and temperature evolution of the strong structural anharmonicity throughout the tetragonal phase. Raman PO measurements reveal a new spectral feature that resembles a soft mode. This mode shows an unusual continuous increase in damping with temperature which is indicative of an anharmonic potential surface. The analysis of AIMD trajectories identifies two major sources of anharmonicity: the orientational unlocking of the [CH$_{3} $NH$_{3}$]$^+$ ions and large amplitude octahedral tilting that continuously increases with temperature. Our work suggests that the standard phonon picture cannot describe the structural dynamics of tetragonal CH$_{3} $NH$_{3} $PbI$_{3}$.
description: 3 figures
A Scaling Law for Quark Masses and the CKM matrix
Creators: name: Özer, Alp Deniz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have recently argued that quark masses may follow a simple scaling law. In this paper we build a simple mass matrix for quarks that can reproduce the scaling law expression. The simple mass matrices of the model are then generalized through general rotations in the flavor space, including phase transformations. In turn they will be used to construct the quark-mixing matrix. It has been found that the model can predict the entries of the $CKM$ matrix in excellent agreement with current values. We give precise values for the light quark masses and determine the magnitude of the CP violation and also the quark-mixing angles in the flavor space. The main motivation behind this work is to relate the scaling law predictions with quark-mixing, through a simple mass matrix and its generalized Hermitian form.
description: 29 pages, 8 figures, refs properly retyped
airpg: automatically accessing the inverted repeats of archived plastid genomes
Creators: name: Mehl, Tilman
name: Gruenstaeudl, Michael
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Data mining
subject: Inverted repeats
subject: NCBI Nucleotide
subject: Plastid genomes
subject: Sequence annotations
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Background In most flowering plants, the plastid genome exhibits a quadripartite genome structure, comprising a large and a small single copy as well as two inverted repeat regions. Thousands of plastid genomes have been sequenced and submitted to public sequence repositories in recent years. The quality of sequence annotations in many of these submissions is known to be problematic, especially regarding annotations that specify the length and location of the inverted repeats: such annotations are either missing or portray the length or location of the repeats incorrectly. However, many biological investigations employ publicly available plastid genomes at face value and implicitly assume the correctness of their sequence annotations. Results We introduce airpg, a Python package that automatically assesses the frequency of incomplete or incorrect annotations of the inverted repeats among publicly available plastid genomes. Specifically, the tool automatically retrieves plastid genomes from NCBI Nucleotide under variable search parameters, surveys them for length and location specifications of inverted repeats, and confirms any inverted repeat annotations through self-comparisons of the genome sequences. The package also includes functionality for automatic identification and removal of duplicate genome records and accounts for taxa that genuinely lack inverted repeats. A survey of the presence of inverted repeat annotations among all plastid genomes of flowering plants submitted to NCBI Nucleotide until the end of 2020 using airpg, followed by a statistical analysis of potential associations with record metadata, highlights that release year and publication status of the genome records have a significant effect on the frequency of complete and equal-length inverted repeat annotations. Conclusion The number of plastid genomes on NCBI Nucleotide has increased dramatically in recent years, and many more genomes will likely be submitted over the next decade. airpg enables researchers to automatically access and evaluate the inverted repeats of these plastid genomes as well as their sequence annotations and, thus, contributes to increasing the reliability of publicly available plastid genomes. The software is freely available via the Python package index at http://pypi.python.org/pypi/airpg.
Elastic interaction between "hard'' or "soft" pointwise inclusions on biological membranes
Creators: name: Bartolo, Denis
name: Fournier, Jean-Baptiste
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Quantitative Biology (q-bio)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We calculate the induced elastic-interaction between pointwise membrane inclusions that locally interact up to quadratic order with the membrane curvature tensor. For isotropic inclusions, we recover the usual interaction proportional to the inverse fourth power of the separation, however with a prefactor showing a non-trivial dependence on the rigidity $Γ$ of the quadratic potential. In the large $Γ$ limit, corresponding to ``hard'' inclusions, we recover the standard prefactor first obtained by Goulian et al. [Europhys. Lett. \textbf{22}, 145 (1993)]. In the small $Γ$ limit, corresponding to "soft" inclusions, we recover the recent result of Marchenko and Misbah [Eur. Phys. J. E \textbf{8}, 477 (2002)]. This shows that the latter result bears no fundamental discrepancy with previous works, but simply corresponds to the limit of soft inclusions. We discuss how the same inclusion can be depicted as hard or soft according to the degree of coarse-graining of the pointwise description. Finally, we argue that conical transmembrane proteins should be fundamentally considered as hard inclusions.
description: 6 pages
Detecting Helium Reionization with Fast Radio Bursts
Creators: name: Linder, Eric V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fast radio bursts (FRB) probe the electron density of the universe along the path of propagation, making high redshift FRB sensitive to the helium reionization epoch. We analyze the signal to noise with which a detection of the amplitude of reionization can be made, and its redshift, for various cases of future FRB survey samples, assessing survey characteristics including total number, redshift distribution, peak redshift, redshift depth, and number above the reionization redshift, as well as dependence on reionization redshift. We take into account scatter in the dispersion measure due to an inhomogeneous intergalactic medium (IGM) and uncertainty in the FRB host and environment dispersion measure, as well as cosmology. For a future survey with 500 FRB extending out to $z=5$, and a sudden reionization, the detection of helium reionization can approach the $5σ$ level and the reionization redshift be determined to $σ(z_r)\approx0.24$ in an optimistic scenario, or $2σ$ and $σ(z_r)\approx0.34$ taking into account further uncertainties on IGM fraction evolution and redshift uncertainties.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures; v2 minor clarifications in text and Fig. 3, matches PRD version