Cacama moorei Sanborn, Heath, Phillips & Heath, 2011, sp. n.
Creators: name: Sanborn, Allen F.
name: Heath, Maxine S.
name: Phillips, Polly K.
name: Heath, James E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadidae
Cacama
Cacama moorei

description: Cacama moorei sp. n. Sanborn & M. Heath
(Fig. 3)
Cacama dissimilis Davis 1919: 70, 71, 76, 79, Plate XIV fig. 2 (misidentified). Cacama dissimilis Beamer and Beamer 1930: 297 –298 (misidentified). Cacama n. sp. 2 Sanborn and Phillips 1995: 481.
Etymology. The species is named in honor of Thomas E. Moore for his long commitment to the study of North American cicadas.
Type series. Holotype male UNITED STATES: “ARIZONA Pima County / Catalina Mtns. Mt. Lemmon / Babat Duag Vista Pt. / 24 June 1998 / A. Sanborn, coll. 1” (FSCA). Paratypes: UNITED STATES: ARIZONA: PIMA Co.: one female, same data as holotype (AFSC); one female, 9.2 mi. SE of Continental, 1.vii.1979, J.E. & M.S. Heath, Ex: Opuntia, Cacama sp? (MSHC); one male and one female, Mt. Lemmon Rd., 3400 ft., 23.vi.1973, J.E. & M.S. Heath, Cacama undescribed formerly mis ID as C. dissimilis (MSHC); two female, Kitt Peak Rd. 1.2 mi So. of AZ 86-3500’, 28.vi.1991, M.S. & J.E. Heath, Cacama valvata (MSHC); one female, Ajo, 28.vi.1972, M.S. & J.E. Heath, Cacama? (MSHC); one female, Kitt Peak Rd. 1.2 mi So. of AZ 86-3500’, 28.vi.1991, J.E. & M.S. Heath, Cacama valvata (MSHC); one female, Sabino Canyon, Sta. Catalina Mts., 27.vi.49 3500’, G.M. Bradt, Cacama davisi (AMNH); one male, Sabino Cyn., Sta. Catalina Mts., 6.vi.1952, M. Casier, W. Gertach, R. Schrammel, Cacama davisi (AMNH); one female, Sabino Can., 22.vi.33, R.H. Beamer, Cacama dissimilis Distant (INHS); one male and one female, San Vicente, 10.vi.1952, M. Casier, W. Gertach, R. Schrammel (AMNH); one male, 15 mi. E. Tucson, 6.vi.1952, M. Casier, W. Gertach, R. Schrammel Collectors, Cacama davisi Moore, Det. TE Moore 1971 (AMNH); one male, Browns Cyn., Baboquivari Mts., 8.vi.1952, M. Casier, W. Gertach, R. Schrammel Collectors, Cacama davisi Moore, Det. TE Moore 1971 (AMNH); one male and one female, 4.vi.1952, M. Casier, W. Gertach, R. Schrammel, Cacama davisi Moore, Det. TE Moore 1971 (AMNH); one male and one female, Sabino Can 22.vi.39, E. D. Ball, 1940 EDBall Collection, Cacama davisi Moore, Det. TE Moore 1971 (USNM); one male, Santa Rita Mts., 24.v.46, Prosopis juliflora glandulosa, 1946–1283, Lloyd Martin (LACM); one male and two female, 5.vi.1956, 22 mi. E. Sells, Arnold Menke (LACM); one female, 8 mi. N.W. Santa Rita Exp. Sta., Elev. 3150’, 25.vi.1970, Martin Kolner (UMMZ); one male, same data except 7.vi.1970 (UMMZ); one male and one female, Tucson, 29.vii.20, J.R. Slovin, Cacama davisi Moore, Det. TE Moore 1971 (UMMZ); one female, Tucson, 6.vi.1926, Cacama dissimilis Distant, Determ’d by W.T. Davis (UMMZ); four male and one female, 5 mi W Tucson, 13.vi.1978, E.M. Brock (UCDC); four male and two female, Box Canyon 12 km NW Madera Canyon, 16.vi.1997, R.P. Meyer (UCDC); six male, Sabino Can., 16.vi.1966, J.S. Buckett & M.R. & R.C. Gardener (UCDC); five male, Sabino Can., 18.vi.1970, L.E. Johnson (UCDC); two male, Sabino Can., 25.vi.1963, F.D. Parker (UCDC); one male, Sabino Can., 17.vi.1970, L.E. Johnson (UCDC). PINAL Co.: one male, Jct. Arizona 77 & Aravaipa Rd., 8.2 miles North of Mammoth, 32o 50.79’N 110o 42.65’W, 2.vi.2001, D. Añon Suarez (AFSC); two male and two female, same data except F. Noriega (AFSC); three male, same data except A. Sanborn (AFSC); one female, same data except W. Juares (AFSC); one male, 9.6 miles Southeast of San Manuel on Rd. to Mt. Lemmon, 20.v.2001, A. Sanborn, Cacama sp. (AFSC); one male, Boyce Thompson Arboretum nr. Superior, 14.vi.1929, F.H. Wymore Collection (UMMZ). MOHAVE Co.: one male, 24 miles North of Wikieup, 35o 03.82’N 113o 39.92’W 3195 ft., 26.vi.2001, A. Sanborn (AFSC); one male and one female, Catalina Mtns. Mt. Lemmon, Babat Duag Vista Pt., 24.vi.1998, A. Sanborn 3 (AFSC); one male and one female, Baboquivari Mtns. 6.6 mi. W of AZ 286, N of Aguirre Peak, 7.vii.1991, A. Sanborn, Not C. dissimilis Compared to Type Specimen, Compared to Type Specimen of C. valvata (AFSC); one female, Sahuarita, 26.v.2004, C.W. O’Brien (AFSC); COCHISE Co.: one male, 18 mi NE of Sunizona on AZ 181, 21.vi.1998, A. Sanborn (AFSC). YAVAPAI Co.: one male, Congress, 2999 ft., 39o 09.06’N 112o 50.62’W, 11.vi.2001, A. Sanborn, Cacama 3 1 (AFSC); one male, same data except Cacama 3 2 (AFSC); one male, same data except Cacama 3 3 (AFSC); one male, same data except Cacama 3 4 (AFSC); one male, same data except Cacama 3 5 (AFSC); one male, same data except Cacama 3 6 (AFSC); one male, 5 mi. n. Wickenburg, 84, 2.vi.1937, L.K. Gloyd, Cacama dissimilis Distant, Det. W.T. Davis 1937 (UMMZ); three male, nr. Octave, 96, 7.vi.1937, L.K. Gloyd, Cacama valvata (Uhler), Det. W.T. Davis 1937 (UMMZ); one male, 4 mi. W.
Octave, 102, 8.vi.1937, L.K. Gloyd, Cacama dissimilis Distant (UMMZ); one male, 40 mi. S. of Prescott, 10.vi.1942, H.A. Scullen (OSAC). SANTA CRUZ Co.: one female, 3.5 mi W of 119 on Rt289 (Ruby Rd) W of Pena Blanca Rec. area, 31 o 23.378 N 111 o 07.045 W 4166 ft, 25.vi.2007, D. Marshall & K. Hill, US.AZ. PBE, HILL / MARSHALL VOUCHER, pinned specimen, legs in EtOH, 07. US.AZ. PBE 01, Cacama sp. (MSHC); two male and one female Ruby Rd. 1.8 mi W of Pena Blanca Campgd., 22.vi.1998, J.E. Heath, Cacama sp. not dissimilis (AFSC); one male, same data except M.S. Heath (AFSC); two male, same data except A. Sanborn (AFSC); two female, 3.9 mi W of Pena Blanca Campground, 17.vi.2001, A. Sanborn, Cacama sp. (AFSC); two male, same data except third label Recorded specimen (AFSC); one male, 1.5 mi W of Pena Blanca Lake, 21.vi.1973, M.S. Heath, EX: Prickly Pear, Cacama? (MSHC); two male, 2.3 mi W of Pena Blanca Lake on Arivaca Rd, 22.vi.1973, J.E. & M.S. Heath, Cacama new species was C. dissimilis (MSHC); one male, 1.8 mi W of Pena Blanca Campground, 21.vi.1997, M.S. Heath, Cacama not dissimilis (MSHC), one male, same data except J.E. Heath, Cacama not dissimilis (MSHC); one male, same date except J. Diewald (MSHC); one male, Ruby Road 1.7 mi W of Pena Blanca Lake, 1.vii.1991, J.E. Heath, Cacama dissimilis (MSHC); two male and two female, Ruby Rd. 4 mi. W. of Pena Blanca Campgd., 22.vi.1998, A. Sanborn. Cacama sp. not dissimilis (MSHC); one male, same data except J.E. Heath (MSHC); one male, same data except M.S. Heath (MSHC); one male, Nogales, #67845, 28.v.48 –8858, Cacama disimilis (sic), LMR Distant, Cacama davisi Moore, Det. TE Moore 1971 (USNM). MARICOPA Co.: one male, Maricopa Co., 1.vii.29, L.D. Anderson, Cacama dissimilis Distant (INHS), one male, Maricopa Co., 1.vii.29, R.H. Beamer, Cacama dissimilis Distant, Cacama davisi Moore, Det. TE Moore 1971 (UMMZ); one female, Maricopa Co., 1.vii.29, L.D. Anderson, Cacama dissimilis Distant, Cacama davisi Moore, Det. TE Moore 1971 (UMMZ); one male, 4 miles east Wickenburg, 15.vi.1970, D.P. Levin (UCDC); one male, Gila Bend Mts., 10.vi.1919, N. base Mt Woodsey, A Wetmore, Collection WLMcAtee 1942, Cacama valvata Uhler, Cacama davisi Moore, Det. TE Moore 1971 (USNM). GRAHAM Co.: two female AZ 366-Graham Mtn. Rd., 4000–5000 ft., 20.vi.1973. J.E. & M.S. Heath, Cacama new species mis ID by Davis as C. dissimilis (MSHC). Unknown county: one female, Hot Sprgs, 22.vi, Barber & Schwarz, Cacama dissimilis? Dist, Cacama davisi Moore, TE Moore 1971 (USNM).
MEXICO: SONORA: one male and one female, Sonora, 40 km W of Hermosillo, 28.v.1993, F. Noriega, Cacama (MSHC); one female, Nogales 75261 Noel, 13.v.56, 56-5813, Cacama davisi Moore, Det. TE Moore 1971 (USNM); one male, Nogales, F.H.B., #250, Cacama davisi Moore, Det. TE Moore 1971 (USNM); one male, Alamos, 6.vii.56, F. Pacheco M., 3, Cacama davisi Moore, Det. TE Moore 1971 (USNM); one male and one female, Carbo, 19.vi.35, L.G. Gentner (UMMZ); two male and one female, Sonora, Eisen, Cacama dissimilis Dist., Cacama davisi Moore, Det. TE Moore 1971 (UNSM); one female, San Luis Sonora, 18.vii.1961 (UCDC).
Material examined not in type series. These data are included to show the extent of the distribution for the new species. Specimens are housed in the AMNH, CASC, CSCA, EMEC, LACM, MSHC, NAUF, NVDA, SEMC, UAIC, UMMZ, USNM, and WFBM. Many of these specimens were misidentified in the collections as C. dissimilis or C. valvata or had a manuscript name associated with them.
UNITED STATES. ARIZONA: COCHISE Co.: Benson. GILA: Capitan Mt.; 18 mi. SE Globe; Globe; Pinal Mts.; San Carlos; Sierra Ancha Mts. GRAHAM Co.: Galiuro Mts. MARICOPA Co.: Gila Bend Mts.; 1 mi. E Mummy Mountain, Paradise Valley; 1 1/ 2mi. SE Barnes Butte, Tempe, nr. Papago Park. MOHAVE Co.: Peach Spring Canyon, 10mi. N Peach Spring, 3200’. PIMA Co.: Baboquivari Mtns.; Mt. Lemmon Rd., 3400 ft.; 4 mi. S. Mountain View; San Vicente; Sabino Canyon, Santa Catalina Mts.; 2.2 mi. SE Gibbon Mtn. 3600’, Santa Catalina Mtns.; Santa Rita Mts.; Santa Rita Mts., Sycamore Canyon, T185, R15-16E, 110o 43–47’N, 31o 53’ E, ANAMAX Survey 15; 8 mi. N.W. Santa Rita Experiment Station, Elev. 3150’; 4.3 mi. NW Santa Rita Experiment Station, Elev. 3700’; Santa Rita Experiment Station, Elev. 4400’; Hill SE Santa Rita Experiment Station, Elev. 4600’; 1/ 2mi. N Tanque Verde Falls, S. of Catalina Mtns., 3880 Elev.; Base of Tortolita Mts. (So. Side) 3000'; Tucson; Tucson N32.1711 W-111.0458; Tucson – Corner Gates Pass & Camino de Oeste. PINAL Co.: Barkerville; Boyce Thompson SW Arboretum; Mammoth; Oracle. SANTA CRUZ Co.: 1.7 mi W. of Pena Blanca Campground; 3.9 mi W. of Pena Blanca Campground. YAVAPAI Co.: 5 mi. W Aqua Fria River; 15 mi. E. Chino Valley AZ, Site 3 ca 5500’; Congress, 3000’; Verde Valley; Wet Beaver Creek, N34.674 W-111.708. NEVADA: CLARK Co.: Christmas Tree Pass 3500’; 2 mi NE Gold Butte; 6 mi. NE Gold Butte. LINCOLN Co.: 1 mi. N Ash Springs.
MEXICO. SINALOA: Guasave. SONORA: 20 mi S. Benjamin Hill; Carbo; Corral; Nogales.
Description (Fig. 3). Coloration. Ground color black marked with tawny and ochraceous (Fig. 3 A).
Head (Fig. 3 B). Head 0.86–0.87 as wide as mesonotum. Black except for a tawny spot posterolateral to lateral ocellus, an ochraceous spot on the posterior margin of the head medial to the eye and an ochraceous mark on the anterior junction of the supra-antennal plate and vertex. Triangular tawny spot on midline of posterior head in some paratypes. Head dorsally with fine golden pile. Long silvery pile posterior to eye. Medial part of gena ochraceous. Lorum black. Antennae castaneous. Ventral side of head covered with long white pile, short golden pile and white, waxy pubescence. Postclypeus with ochraceous spot along frontoclypeal suture and medial elongate spot on apex. Transverse grooves ochraceous. Transverse ridges castaneous, lighter across center. Short white pile and waxy pubescence on lateral transverse ridges and lateral edge of postclypeus. Anteclypeus castaneous except ochraceous mark on anterior three fourths of midline and black lateral margins. Rostrum tawny, mentum striped laterally with castaneous, tip piceous reaching middle of hind coxae.
Thorax (Fig. 3 B). Pronotum with ochraceous line on anterior margin from interior of paramedian fissure half the distance to midline. Dark, tawny, comma-shaped mark extending from lateral fissure curving laterad toward lateral ambient fissure. Small ochraceous spot lateral to midline and anterior to pronotal collar. Additional spot on midline anterior to pronotal collar forming a triangle of spots in some paratypes. Dark castaneous mark in posterior part of lateral fissure and within paramedial fissure. Dark castaneous longitudinal mark between lateral and paramedian fissures. Pronotum covered with fine golden pile, thicker in fissures and on lateral angle of pronotal collar. White pile and waxy pubescence in anterior portion of lateral and paramedial fissures. Hind margin of pronotal collar lateral angle ochraceous, hind margin of pronotoal collar tawny except small, black medial spot. Pronotal collar hind margin partially black in some paratypes. Mesonotum black with ochraceous line along parapsidal suture, line continues along posterior submedian sigilla forming a W in some paratypes. Some paratypes with obscure castaneous mark in lateral sigilla. Angled ochraceous mark between anterior arm of cruciform elevation and parapsidal suture in some paratypes. Cruciform elevation black with ochraceous marks extending from the lateral portion of the middle of the X curving along the X to the middle of the anterior arm where it widens and turns mediad into the depression between the anterior arms and on the posterolateral margins of the cruciform elevation. Mark on anterior arm begins anterior of posterior border of X in some paratypes. Small ochraceous spot on anterior terminus of anterior arm of cruciform elevation in some paratypes. Wing groove margin castaneous. Lateral mesonotum with white pile and waxy, white pubescence which continues onto lateral portions of cruciform elevation. Fine white pile dorsally, thicker along anterior margin and between anterior arms of cruciform elevation. Fine white pubescence between anterior arms of cruciform elevation. Metanotum with tawny transverse stripe, white pruinose spot medially along wing groove with thick, golden pile posteriorly. Ventral surface with thick, white, waxy pubescence. Anepisternum ochraceous except black lateral point and medial margin. Remaining plates castaneous except tawny lateral katepimeron 2, anepimeron 2, episternum 3 and medial basisternum 3. Epimeron 2 black with ochraceous medial border. Epimeral lobe castaneous anteriorly, ochraceous posteriorly.
Legs. Castaneous marked with ochraceous and black. Coxae ochraceous with castaneous strip anteriorly, black laterally. Trochanters ochraceous, castaneous laterally. Femora with tawny stripes, ochraceous distally. Fore femora with primary spine slightly angled, tawny with castaneous tip, secondary spine upright, castaneous. Fore tibiae castaneous, middle tibiae striped with tawny, hind tibiae ochraceous marked with castenous proximally and distally. Tibial spurs castaneous. Fore tarsi castaneous with ochraceous mark on central pretarsus, middle tarsi ochraceous with castaneous ends and lateral mesotarsus, hind tarsi tawny with castaneous lateral mesotarsus and distal pretarsus. Claws tawny at base, tips castaneous. Legs with waxy, white pubescence to proximal tibia.
Forewings and hind wings (Fig. 3 A). Forewing hyaline with eight apical cells, infuscation on radial and radiomedial crossveins at bases of second and third apical cells. Basal portion of clavus black. Basal cell with tawny anterior border, anterior half and proximally fuscus with black distal and hind margins. Venation tawny proximally, darkening beyond node to black ambient vein. Radius and subcostal vein black to node, subcostal vein black. Forewing base black, membrane gray marked with orange. Hind wings hyaline with five apical cells. Venation black except tawny cubitus anterior, cubitus anterior 1, cubitus anterior 2, mediocubital crossvein, distal two thirds of anal veins 1 and 2 and ambient vein from anal cell 1 to apical cell 5. Proximal portion of cubital cells 1 and 2 and anal cells 1 and 2 black. Anal cell 3, anal cell 2 along anal vein 3, anal cell 2 along anal vein 2, proximal third of anal cell 1 posterior to anal vein 1, proximal half of cubital cell 2 posterior to cubitus posterior vein, and radial and costal cells at base along proximal radius posterior vein gray. Anal cell 3 orange at base.
Operculum (Figs. 3 D and 3E). Male operculum orange, medial borders overlap significantly, posterior border rounded reaching to sternite IV. Female operculum ochraceous, fuscus laterally. Lateral surface angled medially to sternite II, posterior border sinuate reaching to meracanthus. Operculum covered with white, waxy pubescence across base, entire surface in female. Meracanthus ochraceous with castaneous base.
Abdomen (Figs. 3 A and 3C). Dorsal side of abdomen black except orange tergite 1 and anterior medial tergite 2 which appear as a transverse line and a small tawny mark on each side of the midline of anterior tergite 3. Timbal cover black, completely concealing timbal. Fine golden pile on dorsal side. The following parts have a white, waxy pubescence: junction of timbal cover and lateral tergite 1, medial tergite 1, dorsolateral tergite 1 of females, lateral quarter of timbal cover and tergite 2, lateral third of tergite 3, lateral quarter of tergite 4, thin layers on lateral tergites 5–7 and anterolateral surfaces of tergite 8. Pubescence continuous along lateral tergites or extending medially in some paratypes. Tergite 8 orange except black medial posterior spot and posterior border, castaneous spot anterolaterally in some female paratypes. Sternite II black anteriorly, remaining sternites orange except light castaneous markings on anterior of sternites V–VIII and marks on posterior and lateral sternite VIII. Epipleurites orange medially, darkening to black laterally with castaneous medial border. Ventral side of abdomen covered with white pruinose wax, thicker laterally.
Male genitalia (Figs. 3 F and 3G). Pygofer castaneous, black on dorsal midline. Dorsal beak slightly longer than anal styles. Pygofer basal lobes pointed, adpressed against posterior pygofer. Uncus short, ovoid with terminal notch in dorsal view. Aedeagus castaneous.
Female genitalia (Figs. 3 H and 3I). Abdominal segment 9 castaneous, black medially along posterior including dorsal beak, tawny along lateral margins with white pruinose wax laterally. Sternite VII orange with lightly castaneous along midline and faint castaneous spots on either side of midline, medial notch posteriorly, hind margin sinuate. Ovipositor castaneous except black gonopophysis IX and X and tawny ovipositor sheath. Ovipositor sheath extends beyond level of anal styles.
Measurements (mm). N = 36, 26 males; 10 females, mean (range). Length of body: males 27.9 (25.0–30.5), females 26.0 (23.5–27.8); length of forewing: males 35.7 (32.3–38.1), females 35.5 (33.6–37.2); width of forewing: males 12.9 (11.5–13.7), females 13.0 (12.1–13.6); length of head: males 4.2 (4.0–4.6), females 4.3 (4.1–4.5); width of head including eyes: males 9.6 (8.8–10.2), females 9.3 (8.5–10.0); width of pronotum including suprahumeral plates: males 12.3 (10.7–13.0), females 12.2 (11.3–13.1); width of mesonotum: males 11.0 (9.7–11.8), females 10.7 (10.1–11.7).
Diagnosis. Cacama moorei can be distinguished from C. californica, C. crepitans, C. dissimilis, and C. variegata by the lack of red or orange at the base of the forewing and hind wings. Cacama pygmaea sp. n. is a much smaller species (male body length 18 mm vs 27 mm). For those C. californica specimens that have faded coloration at the base of the wings, the tawny pronotal markings are found in C. californica but are lacking in C. moorei sp. n. The presence of pronotal and mesonotal markings separates C. moorei sp. n. from some C. carbonaria and C. maura. More heavily marked C. carbonaria differ from C. moorei sp. n. in the markings along the posterior margin of the pronotal collar and markings possibly found on the disc of the pronotum and mesonotum (due to the variable markings found in C. carbonaria). The opaque basal cell and ochraceous posterior abdominal tergites of C. furcata distinguish it from C. moorei sp. n. The orange opercula of C. moorei sp. n. distinguish it from C. collinaplaga sp. n. and C. valvata which have black marking on the opercula. The rostrum not reaching beyond the posterior of sternite I distinguish C. moorei sp. n. from C. longirostris.
Cacama moorei sp. n. was misidentified as C. dissimilis in various collections including determinations in W.T. Davis’ handwriting. The unavailability of specimens and the relatively short description of C. dissimilis probably facilitated the misapplication of the taxon to specimens from Arizona and northern Mexico. Cacama moorei sp. n. can be differentiated by the gray rather than orange basal area of the wings, the lack of markings on the posterior pronotal disk lateral to the midline, the obvious tawny marking along the parapsidal suture, the lateral mesonotal white pruinosity, the orange rather than straw colored surface, and male opercula which reach to sternite IV rather than to sternite III as in C. dissimilis.
It is also possible that Uhler (1888) had an example of C. moorei sp. n. when he described C. valvata. He describes a single male specimen from Camp Grant, Arizona which he differentiated by the longer rostrum than the specimens he considered syntypes (Uhler 1888). Davis (1919) studied this specimen and stated it was identical to specimens from Sonora that he identified as C. dissimilis. These specimens are actually C. moorei sp. n. Further evidence to support this conclusion is the fact that we collected specimens of C. moorei sp. n. at the location of the original Camp Grant at the junction of Arivaipa Creek and the San Pedro River in Pinal County, Arizona (Granger 1983).
Biological notes. Cacama moorei sp. n. is found in the Sonoran Desert and is associated with Opuntia. The species will call from multiple other species, as C. collinaplaga sp. n. and C. valvata will also do, as they have been collected off of several plant species (see material examined section above). Cacama moorei sp. n. will generally sing more than one call from a single perch before flying to a new perch like C. collinaplaga sp. n. Two of the authors (MSH and JEH) have observed C. moorei sp. n. flying a predictable circuit on at least two occasions. Specimens of C. moorei sp. n. are known to emerge between 4 May and 29 July with the majority of specimens dated between mid-May and early July.
description: Published as part of Sanborn, Allen F., Heath, Maxine S., Phillips, Polly K. & Heath, James E., 2011, The genus Cacama Distant, 1904 (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) with the description of three new species, pp. 35-50 in Zootaxa 2897 on pages 44-48, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.208039