cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Lifting Confidentiality of FRAND Royalties in SEP Arbitration
Creators: name: Kim, Yoonhee
Publisher: name: Science and Technology Law Review
Year: 2014

description: No patent dispute in recent years draws more attention than the “Smartphone Wars.” At the center stage of the Smartphone Wars is the “fair, reasonable, and non-discriminatory (FRAND)” commitment to license standard-essential patents (SEPs). Later added to the stage is the new form of SEP enforcement targeting small businesses and end-users. As a result, the efficacy of FRAND commitments comes under criticism from the antitrust enforcement agency, leading scholars, and the President of the United States. With a view to breathing life into the meaning of “FRAND,” this Article explores arguments against confidentiality of FRAND royalties in SEP arbitration, primarily focusing on an analogy to section 294 of the Patent Act. Section 294 may provide an adequate platform for this discussion because it already lifted confidentiality of patent validity and infringement in the interest of the public and competition. Similarly, lifting confidentiality of FRAND royalties in SEP arbitration could be an effective measure to tackle unfair competition and deceptive business practices and to empower the public in the Smartphone Wars and in the face of SEP enforcement.
description: Science and Technology Law Review, Vol 16 No 1: 2014-2015
Harvesting Scholarly Communication Padi Seeds via Mendeley Institutional Edition for Your Academic Libraries
Creators: name: Hazman Aziz
name: Bando, Keita
name: Yahya, Wan Ahmad Hanis Wan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: Education
Applied Computer Science

description: With the advent of internet technologies in today’s information science landscape, a number of researchers and scholars are using new media into their professional communication and scholarly work. This action shifted the patterns in using beyond than just a reference management tool and place a challenge in library science’s service on the reflection of new demographic pool’s patrons behavior and usage in using the library’s model. Librarians have to keep up on their toes, with these attributes in acquiring knowledge, tools, resources and operations to serve a unique information service model to their patrons, especially in academic and research libraries. Understanding the needs of the librarians, here at Swets, the partnership with Mendeley aims to set a milestone ahead to aid and provide a strategic alignment model for their on-progress challenging model. Together, in this paper, the illustration will focus on the discussion topic to invest and align strategically, a tool that is designed to be part of the ecological cycle in current scholarly communication lifestyle. Mendeley is not only build for a basic reference management tools to aid academics and researchers (or even undergraduate) in their daily academic writing. But, that will be beyond than just a scholar’s imagination. This includes topics as access, visible, preserve, collaborate, share, knowledge transfer, mobile and openness. This is because Mendeley rides on the open science concept, indirectly immerse the usage of the product in part of a scholar’s life in a university. This will seeds a good, positive seeding investment for librarians and research managers to look beyond the basic service model, along with the other productive competitive services and platforms, especially for Malaysia’s and South East Asia’s library and information science industry to leverage for the future in open science development.
Rise of the Machines
Creators: name: Sites, Brian
name: Sites, Brian
Publisher: name: Science and Technology Law Review
Year: 2014

description: Forensic machines and other such devices can create powerfully incriminating evidence, and some do so with little or no human aid. In a world where machines increasingly perform that task, what happens to the right to cross-examine the human witnesses who would have testified but for the machines? Through errors, bias, and even fabrication, machine operators, calibrators, and others involved in the forensic process still have the power to cause these tools to incriminate the wrong person. There is no shortage of evidence that this occurs. Many courts have concluded, however, that there is no right to cross-examine the operators of these machines. This Article analyzes that result. The Article begins by discussing Confrontation Clause jurisprudence from across the nation, including machine-generated testimony cases and areas of Confrontation Clause jurisprudence that might be instructive in addressing machine-generated data, such as cases involving photographs, videos, interpreters, and dog handler testimony. The article then considers the strengths and weaknesses of several potential approaches to machine-generated testimony and concludes that multiple approaches are defensible, but the approach that best adheres to the purposes of the Confrontation Clause focuses on the degree and nature of the operator’s control over the machine. Under that model, there is no right to cross-examine the operators of many modern machines. Though that result is troubling, there are alternative models that might extend the lifespan of the Confrontation Clause. However, as machines become increasingly automated, the right to cross-examine their human assistants and progenitors will approach extinction.
description: Science and Technology Law Review, Vol 16 No 1: 2014-2015
The Commodification of Information Commons
Creators: name: Filippi, Primavera De
name: Vieira, Miguel Said
Publisher: name: Science and Technology Law Review
Year: 2014

description: Internet and digital technologies allowed for the emergence of new modes of production involving cooperation and collaboration amongst peers (peer-production). In contrast with traditional models of production oriented towards the maximization of profits, these alternative modes of production are, more often than not, oriented towards the maximization of the common good. To ensure that content will always remain available to the public, the output of production is often released under a specific regime that prevents anyone from subsequently turning it into a commodity (the regime of information commons). While this might reduce the likelihood of commodification, information commons can nonetheless be exploited by the market economy. Indeed, since they have been made available for use by anyone, large online service providers can indirectly benefit from the commons by capturing the value derived from it. While this is not a problem per se, problems arise when the exploitation of the commons by one agent is likely to preclude others from doing the same—often as a result of commodification. This is especially true in the context of cloud computing, where the content holder has become as powerful as, if not more powerful than the copyright owner. Nowadays, regardless of their legal status, information commons are increasingly controlled by large corporations who can precisely define the manner in which they can be used or accessed. Digital communities need to be aware of these risks. This Article proposes a theoretical and normative exploration of these issues based on an analysis of recent trends in cloud computing. It argues that, in order to reduce the likelihood of commodification but still benefit from the advantages offered by cloud computing, digital communities should rely on decentralized platforms based on peer-to-peer architectures, thereby escaping from the centralized control of large service providers while nonetheless preserving the autonomy of the commons they produce.
description: Science and Technology Law Review, Vol 16 No 1: 2014-2015
Real Space Renormalization Group for One-Dimensional Ising Chains
Creators: name: singh, Shraddha
name: Singh, Vijay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the real space Renormalisation Group (RNG) technique to a variety of one-dimensional Ising chains. We begin by recapitulating the work of Nauenberg for an ordered Ising chain, namely the decimation approach. We extend this work to certain non-trivial situation namely, the Alternate Ising Chain and Fibonacci Ising chain. Our approach is pedagogical and accessible to undergraduate students who have had a first course in statistical mechanics.
Volleyball and emotional health of students of pedagogical university
Creators: name: Ulia Muskharina
name: Chernobay, S.A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: Education

description: The features of valueological pedagogical influence of volleyball lessons on the emotional state of pedagogical university students. In the experiment involved 96 students aged 18-20 years. It was found that 72% of students feel the satisfaction of most emotional needs during the game, 86.4% indicate a bright splash of feelings and a sense of mutual aid during the game, 24% of students met the best friends among the players section. 89.3% of students say that skill, sense of humor, energy, example and support of teacher (trainer) during exercise can affect the emotional state of the team and each student. Professional and personal qualities of the coach, to encourage students to employment volleyball positive impact on the physical, mental performance, improve attention, ability to work in a team, to overcome emotional stress, feelings of fatigue, improves emotional state of students.
Bitcoin Financial Regulation
Creators: name: Brito, Jerry
name: Shadab, Houman B.
name: Castillo, Andrea
Publisher: name: Science and Technology Law Review
Year: 2014

description: The next major wave of Bitcoin regulation will likely be aimed at financial instruments, including securities and derivatives, as well as prediction markets and even gambling. While there are many easily regulated intermediaries when it comes to traditional securities and derivatives, emerging bitcoin-denominated instruments rely much less on traditional intermediaries such as banks and securities exchanges. Additionally, the block chain technology that Bitcoin introduced for the first time makes completely decentralized markets and exchanges possible, thus eliminating the need for intermediaries in complex financial transactions. In this Article we survey the type of financial instruments and transactions that will most likely be of interest to regulators, including traditional securities and derivatives, new bitcoin-denominated instruments, and completely decentralized markets and exchanges. We find that Bitcoin derivatives would likely not be subject to the full scope of regulation under the Commodity Exchange Act to the extent that such derivatives involve physical delivery (as opposed to cash settlement) or are non-fungible and not independently traded. We also find that some laws, including those aimed at online gambling, do not contemplate a payment method like Bitcoin, thus placing many transactions in a legal gray area. Following the approach to virtual currencies taken by the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network, we argue that other financial regulators should consider exempting or excluding certain financial transactions denominated in Bitcoin from the full scope of their regulations, much like private securities offerings and forward contracts are treated. We also suggest that to the extent that regulation and enforcement becomes more costly than its benefits, policymakers should consider and pursue strategies consistent with that new reality, such as efforts to encourage resilience and adaptation by existing institutions.
description: Science and Technology Law Review, Vol 16 No 1: 2014-2015
The Legal Dimension of 3D Printing
Creators: name: Reddy, Preeta
Publisher: name: Science and Technology Law Review
Year: 2014

description: Additive manufacturing, commonly known as 3D printing, allows for the construction of highly-customizable, detailed, three-dimensional objects using a different mechanism than traditional manufacturing. This technology has already yielded innovative developments in medicine, fashion, art, manufacturing, and several other fields. However, 3D printing is not without controversy. As 3D printers and compatible designs become more publicly accessible, users can engage in illegal activity such as copyright, trademark, patent infringement, or printing of contraband and otherwise-regulated materials such as drugs or weapons. This Note addresses these legal issues in the context of analogous technologies, focusing especially on copyright issues. The Note then advocates for direct regulation of 3D printing.
description: Science and Technology Law Review, Vol 16 No 1: 2014-2015
Constitutional Analysis of Research Ethics Review Laws
Creators: name: Chen, Chung-Lin
Publisher: name: Science and Technology Law Review
Year: 2015

description: The ethics review mechanism has long been accepted as a safeguard for the rights and welfare of human research participants. However, where the ethics review requirement is compelled by law, the constitutional concern of free research arises. To respond to this constitutional concern, this Article argues that the authority of research ethics committees should be cautiously designed to tailor to the protection of participants and avoid undue intervention in research content. The current federal regulation vests overly broad discretion to institutional review boards (IRBs) and constitutes a content-based prior restraint. This Article therefore urges a reform to achieve appropriate constraint of IRB review power, which would render the regulation constitutional and legitimize expanding the IRB requirement to encompass equal application regardless of funding source.
description: Science and Technology Law Review, Vol 16 No 2: 2014-2015
Molecular Beam Epitaxy Growth and Doping Modulation of Topological Semimetal NiTe$_2$
Creators: name: Zhang, Liguo
name: Zhao, Dapeng
name: Liu, Xiangyang
name: Lai, Junwen
name: Ren, Junhai
name: Wang, Qin
name: Lin, Haicheng
name: Sun, Yan
name: Tanigaki, Katsumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, high-quality thin films of the topological semimetal phase NiTe$_2$ were prepared using molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) technique, confirmed through X-ray diffraction with pronounced Laue oscillations. Electrical transport experiments reveal that thick films have properties similar to bulk materials. By employing co-deposition, we introduced either magnetic or non-magnetic elements during the growth of thinner films, significantly altering their electrical properties. Notably, magnetic element Cr induces long-range ferromagnetic ordering, leading to the observation of significant anomalous Hall effect in NiTe2 thin films. The Hall conductivity remains nearly constant well below the Curie temperature, indicating the correlation with the intrinsic topological nature of the band structure. Theoretical first principles band calculations support the generation of the Weyl semimetal state in the material through magnetic doping. These findings pave the way for exploring more magnetic Weyl semimetal materials and related low-dimensional quantum devices based on topological semimetal materials.
description: 14 panges, 4 figures
Application of the methods of physical rehabilitation in the treatment of women with hyperprolactinemia
Creators: name: Gagara, Vladimir
name: Mirnaya A.І.
name: Sakhnenko, H.P.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: Education

description: Purpose: The results of studies of the effectiveness effects on the body of women with reproductive dysfunction and hyperprolactinemia matched set of methods of physical rehabilitation. Material/Methods: The study involved 24 women aged 18-38 years who were equally divided into study and control groups. Women in both groups received complex rehabilitation measures, which included intravenous laser irradiation of blood on the combined laser therapy apparatus "MIT-1." The procedure was performed every day, the course of 10 sessions, duration - 20 min. The patients of the main group along with radiation listened relaxing sounds (classical music, the noise of the sea, rain) and performed their own range of therapeutic exercise, aimed at speeding up the metabolism. Results: The study found that patients in both groups of women (91.7%) under the influence of rehabilitation measures significantly reduced the level of prolactin in the blood, which almost returned to normal. Intravenous laser irradiation of blood goes well with listening to relaxing music and the use of therapeutic exercise. Conclusion: The use of intravenous laser irradiation of blood in conjunction with listening to relaxing music
Physical rehabilitation in scoliotic spine injuries in children suffering from cerebral palsy
Creators: name: Kalogerova, Valentina
name: Gryshun Yu.A.
name: Korchak O.M
name: Bulkina Е.А.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: Education

description: The results of the effectiveness of physical rehabilitation programs for children with cerebral palsy with scoliosis spinal lesion. The study involved 20 children aged 5-6 years. Diagnosis of motor function of children assessed to determine the strength endurance of back muscles and abdominals. The angle of curvature of the spine was measured on a scale Chaklin. The reaction of the cardiovascular system load was determined using a sample Shalkova and oxygen supply of the body - the breakdown of the Stange and Genchi. For improvement of lung function and cardio-respiratory systems of children are used with breath exercises and training of diving in the pool. It is established that the introduction of a game program "In the world of animals" and holding corrective exercises in the pool has a positive effect on the functional state of the spine, the cardiorespiratory system and the physical development of children.
BAcTrace a new tool for retrograde tracing of neuronal circuits
Creators: name: Cachero, Sebastian
name: Gkantia, Marina
name: Bates, Alexander S.
name: Frechter, Shahar
name: Blackie, Laura
name: McCarthy, Amy
name: Sutcliffe, Ben
name: Strano, Alessio
name: Aso, Yoshinori
name: Jefferis, Gregory S.X.E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Figure 4C,D - 2-4 Days Old animals
 DC3 OR83c-Gal4 Channel 1: Syb::GFP Channel 2: nc82 Channel 3: Tomato::HA Files: SAWO07-1.lsm SAWO08-1.lsm SAWO09-1.lsm SAWO10-1.lsm VA1d OR88a-Gal4 Channel 1: Syb::GFP Channel 2: nc82 Channel 3: Tomato::HA Files: SAWM28-1.lsm SAWM29-1.lsm SAWM30-1.lsm SAWM31-1.lsm SAWM33-1.lsm VA2 OR92a-Gal4 Channel 1: Syb::GFP Channel 2: nc82 Channel 3: Tomato::HA Files: SAWL07-1.lsm SAWL08-1.lsm SAWL09-1.lsm SAWL10-1.lsm SAWL11-1.lsm SAWL12-1.lsm Figure S12B - 10-12 Days Old animals
 DC3 OR83c-Gal4 Channel 1: Syb::GFP Channel 2: nc82 Channel 3: Tomato::HA Files: SAWW15-1.lsm SAWW17-1.lsm SAWW18-1.lsm SAWW19-1.lsm SAWW20-1.LSM VA1d OR88a-Gal4 Channel 1: Syb::GFP Channel 2: nc82 Channel 3: Tomato::HA Files: SAWQ11-1.lsm SAWQ12-1.lsm SAWQ13-1.lsm SAWQ14-1.lsm SAWQ15-1.lsm VA2 OR92a-Gal4 Channel 1: Syb::GFP Channel 2: nc82 Channel 3: Tomato::HA Files: SAWV09-1.lsm SAWV10-1.lsm SAWV11-1.lsm SAWV12-1.lsm SAWV14-1.lsm SAWV15-1.lsm Figure 5
 PD2a1/b1 Channel 1:Halo Channel 2:Syb::GFP Channel 3:nc82 Files: SAWY04-2.lsm SAWY06-2.lsm SAWY09-2.lsm SAWY16-2.lsm SAWY22-2.lsm AV1a1 Channel 1:Halo Channel 2:Syb::GFP Channel 3:nc82 Files: SBBI16-2.lsm SBBI17-2.lsm SBBI18-2.lsm SBBI19-2.lsm SBBI20-2.lsm SBBI21-2.lsm SBBI22-2.lsm PV5c1 Channel 1:Halo Channel 2:Syb::GFP Channel 3:nc82 Files: SAWY01-2.lsm SAWY11-2.lsm SAWY12-2.lsm SAWY13-2.lsm SAWY14-2.lsm SAWY15-2.lsm SAWY17-2.lsm SAWY19-2.lsm SAWY20-2.lsm AV6a1 Channel 1:Halo Channel 2:Syb::GFP Channel 3:nc82 Files: SAWY02-2.lsm SAWY03-2.lsm SAWY05-2.lsm SAWY08-2.lsm SAWY18-2.lsm SAWY21-2.lsm SAWY23-2.lsm
title: Prof. Elisabeth Holzleithner über Queerfeminismus und Recht (und Dolly Parton): Folge 38
Creators: name: Gather, Selma
name: Valentiner, Dana-Sophia
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst für internationale und interdisziplinäre Rechtsforschung
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 340

description: In Folge 38 von „Justitias Töchter“ sprechen die Moderatorinnen Selma Gather und Prof. Dr. Dana-Sophia Valentiner mit Prof. Dr. Elisabeth Holzleithner, Professorin für Rechtsphilosophie und Legal Gender Studies und Vorständin des Instituts für Rechtsphilosophie an der Universität Wien. Sie erzählt, wie sie zu den Legal Gender Studies gekommen ist und wer dabei ihre Vorbilder waren und was die queerfeministische Perspektive auf Recht ausmacht. Es geht in dem Gespräch um die enormen Beharrungskräfte, die von der binären Geschlechterordnung ausgehen, darum, wie wir Geschlecht und geschlechtliche Selbstbestimmung bereiter denken können, was uns als feministische Bewegung einen könnte – und um den Film Barbie. Prof. Holzleithner verrät in dieser Folge außerdem ihr Geheimnis, wie sie sich ihre Heiterkeit als feministische Rechtswissenschaftlerin bewahrt und nicht zuletzt: was Dolly Parton mit Queerfeminismus zu tun hat.
Fully Digital: Policy and Process Implications for the AAS
Creators: name: Biemesderfer, Chris
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astronomy

description: Over the past two decades, every scholarly publisher (including the AAS) has migrated at least the mechanical aspects of their journal publishing so that they utilize digital means. The academy was comfortable with that for a while, but publishers are under increasing pressure to adapt further. At the AAS, we think that means bringing our publishing program to the point of being fully digital, by establishing procedures and policies that consider the digital objects of publication primarily. We have always thought about our electronic journals as databases of digital articles, from which we can publish and syndicate articles one at a time, and we must now put flesh on those bones by developing practices that are consistent with the realities of article at a time publication online (including the ramifications of other article databases such as arXiv). For example, starting in 2011 the AAS will use article numbering to distinguish articles in a volume (and do away with continuous pagination), and we will introduce author fees based on digital metrics. As a learned society that holds the long-term rights to the literature, we have actively taken responsibility for the preservation of the digital assets that constitute our journals, and in so doing we have not forsaken the legacy pre-digital assets. All of us who serve as the long-term stewards of scholarship must begin to evolve into fully digital publishers.
Self-evaluation of health and interests of students of higher education institutions on course physical education
Creators: name: Tetana Bazylyuk
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: Education

description: The purpose of this study was to identify priorities to specific assets of physical education students. The study involved 50 students aged 18-19 years. Conducted surveys to identify self-reported health of students and their preferences for different types of training exercise. Revealed that 10% of students assessed their health as excellent, 48% is considered good state of health, and 20% have an optimum level of physical activity. Found that students want to attend classes, which, along with the development of physical qualities affect the physiological and cognitive abilities. It was revealed that the top three of physical education include sports, swimming and water activities with the use of modern technology.
Review of N-terminal domain Increases Activation of Elephant Shark Glucocorticoid and Mineralocorticoid Receptors
Creators: name: Anonymous
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: This paper uses the sequences of and experiments involving the mineralocorticoid (MR) and glucocorticoid (GR) receptors from a cartilaginous fish (the elephant shark), a sister taxa to the ray-finned fish and terrestrial vertebrates, to investigate the early evolution of the specificity of these important steroid receptors. The reviewers appreciate the value of studying the activity and specificity of steroid receptors (SR) from a taxon that diverged from its common ancestor with vertebrates close to 500 million years ago, but identified several important issues that they feel limit the impact of the manuscript. These are described in detail in the individual reviews. 1) In the interpretation of their experiments on the N-terminal domain (NTD), the authors conflate two things: the role of the NTD in transactivation and its role in ligand binding. This leads to a conclusion – that there is an allosteric interaction between the NTD and the ligand binding domain (LBD) – this is not demonstrated. 2) The in vitro characterization of the activity and steroid specificity of elephant shark SRs in an in vitro assay is a useful contribution. However, in the absence of a stronger relationship of these experimental observations to a biochemical mechanism of action, a specific evolutionary scenario, or to elephant shark physiology, the broader significance of these findings is unclear. 3) Some of the statistical analyses and evolutionary analyses need stronger support.
Trade Secrets at the International Trade Commission
Creators: name: Riley, Andrew
name: Stroud, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Science and Technology Law Review
Year: 2013

description: Companies clamoring for looser trade restrictions, expanded overseas market access, and advances in technology have achieved stunning successes in the last decade, but that internationalism has come at a price. Building factories, researching, developing, and manufacturing products, processes, and computer systems in our globally connected world creates daunting challenges when a company suddenly faces the theft of intellectual property. Compounding this, uneven international enforcement of intellectual property—particularly economic espionage and the theft of trade secrets—strains companies seeking to protect innovative investments. Worse still, the bad actor is often extra-national, and the pilfered goods can be information or relatively abstract yet nonetheless valuable goods. Because of recent developments in U.S. long-arm jurisdiction and a legal presumption against the extraterritorial application of domestic laws, plaintiffs in U.S. courts often fail to achieve results, and often meet unresponsive defendants with little at stake. Enter the U.S. International Trade Commission. In the wake of TianRui Group Co. v. ITC, savvy companies have sought to use this unique forum to protect their domestic U.S. market and achieve unique discovery goals, and, at the least, enter international disputes with the bargaining chip of threatened litigation backed up by a powerful remedy and broad jurisdiction. The follow-on investigations of Certain Rubber Resins and Processes for Manufacturing Same, Certain Robotic Toys and Components Thereof, and Certain Paper Shredders, Certain Process for Manufacturing or Related to Same, all demonstrate the value such actions provide. This resurgence is justified. This paper seeks to explain in detail this tool useful against white-collar theft—§ 337 trade secret actions. Almost thirty years ago, Congress empowered the ITC, through trial-like investigations on a truncated timeline, to exclude goods entirely from the U.S. Although growing in recent years, this little-known means of enforcement has distinct advantages over traditional litigation. In rem jurisdiction, powerful remedies, and a shortened timeline often concludes with better results for parties confronted with difficult situations. Importantly, the ITC’s doors are open to both foreign-originating and U.S.-based parties as long as the parties can establish the jurisdictional requirements. While the scholar Colleen Chien empirically analyzed most of the patent actions brought at the ITC, no survey of the trade secret complaints filed with the ITC yet exists—so the authors created one. In so doing, we demonstrate that these actions are an intensive, complicated, and exciting means of investment protection that has developed into a potent option for the corporate victims of bad actors and economic espionage.
description: Science and Technology Law Review, Vol 15 No 1: 2013-2014
Reclaiming Federal Spectrum
Creators: name: Skorup, Brent
Publisher: name: Science and Technology Law Review
Year: 2013

description: With the popularity of smartphones, tablets, Wi-Fi, and other wireless devices that require as an input transmissions over radio spectrum, the rising demand for bandwidth is rapidly using up the available supply of spectrum. Spectrum demand increases significantly every year with no end in sight, yet the “greenfields” of available and unallocated spectrum are gone. Redeployed spectrum must come from incumbent users. Today, the largest holder of spectrum appropriate for mobile broadband is the federal government, which uses spectrum for a variety of military and nonmilitary uses. Federal users generally use spectrum only lightly and the inefficiencies have triggered bipartisan calls for selling the spectrum used by federal agencies to the private sector, particularly to mobile broadband carriers. To date, reclaiming federal spectrum is a painfully slow process and billions of dollars of social welfare are lost with every year of delay. This Article examines proposals for reclaiming spectrum and puts forth some best practices to ensure more efficient use of spectrum. Policymakers should consider creating a commission with authority to require the sale of spectrum so that agency-controlled spectrum is quickly and easily redeployed to its highest-valued uses. In the long run, Congress should also require agencies to pay for the spectrum they possess, just as agencies pay market prices for other inputs.
description: Science and Technology Law Review, Vol 15 No 1: 2013-2014
Fear of Missing Out on Sleep Disturbance and Cognitive Performance
Creators: name: K, SINAN
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: ### Fear of Missing Out on Sleep Disturbance and Cognitive Performance

**Muhammed Sinan, Research Student (SIA Vakery)**

---

This paper examines the impact of Fear of Missing Out (FOMO) on sleep disturbance and cognitive performance. FOMO, the anxiety of missing rewarding experiences, has become widespread in the digital age, driven by constant social media engagement. The study delves into the psychological mechanisms behind FOMO, such as self-determination, social comparison, and cognitive dissonance theories. It highlights how FOMO leads to compulsive online behavior, disrupting sleep patterns and impairing cognitive functions. The findings emphasize the need for awareness and strategies to mitigate FOMO's adverse effects on mental health and productivity.
Building Patent Portfolios to Facilitate Cross-Licensing Agreements
Creators: name: Dorsey, Elyse
Publisher: name: Science and Technology Law Review
Year: 2013

description: The intersection of antitrust and patent law has increased in scope and importance over the past several decades. One important issue at this cross-section is the patent holdup problem, which arises when one party makes relationship-specific investments ex ante that incentivizes the other party to engage in opportunistic behavior ex post. Firms facing the potential for holdup can be expected to make investments aimed at minimizing this potential. Numerous methods of solving the holdup problem exist, including using ex ante auctions to identify and alleviate holdup problems, as well as patent reform. Merger is another important, but thus far little-discussed, method by which firms can attempt to solve potential holdup problems. Merger internalizes the externalities that allow for patent holdup. By merging, two firms with relatively undeveloped patent portfolios may gain meaningfully increased bargaining power in licensing negotiations, which they may use to facilitate cross-licensing agreements—thereby decreasing transactions costs and reducing the risk of opportunistism. For purposes of antitrust analysis, courts, agencies, and economists have long recognized that significant efficiencies often derive from cross licensing, including increases in output arising from the diminished marginal costs of production. As the Google-Motorola acquisition exemplifies, merger may provide an important alternative solution to holdup problems, despite being largely overlooked in the contemporary patent holdup debate. This acquisition potentially provides Google with leverage and ownership rights to protect the entire Android ecosystem that cannot be accomplished by alternative contractual structures. Such a merger—which increases output that cannot be achieved by alternative structures—appears to satisfy the basic definition of a merger efficiency. Whether these benefits—which presumably would increase output—are cognizable efficiencies in merger analysis is thus an important question.
description: Science and Technology Law Review, Vol 15 No 1: 2013-2014
The Rise of a New Type of Surveillance for Which the Law Wasn’t Ready
Creators: name: Levashov, Kirill
Publisher: name: Science and Technology Law Review
Year: 2013

description: This article discusses the rising use of facial recognition technology in society and in law enforcement, and its legal implications. Section I describes the technology and how it works. While the potential uses for this technology are too numerous to list, this section goes on to describe the most widespread and troubling current uses, as well as some of the planned uses that illustrate the scope that the technology has the potential to achieve, and why that could be a problem. Section II discusses some of the more prevalent legal concerns that accompany the rise of this technology, such as privacy violations, chilling of free speech, and stalking. Section III analyzes the existing state of the law, and suggests some channels that may offer protection from the concerns raised in section II, while noting that these channels were not designed with facial recognition technology in mind so the protections offered may be weakened or, depending on the leanings of a court of law, nonexistent. The article closes by suggesting additional statutory protections that could be enacted to more completely address the issue, either piecemeal or as part of a larger regulatory scheme.
description: Science and Technology Law Review, Vol 15 No 1: 2013-2014
title: “Powered by the Supply Chain”
Creators: name: Buckel, Sonja
name: Engelhardt, Anne
name: Kopp, Judith
name: Pichl, Maximilian
name: Scheper, Christian
name: Vestena, Carolina
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst für internationale und interdisziplinäre Rechtsforschung
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 342

description: Verfassungsblog: On Matters Constitutional
How Parallel Most-Favored Nation Clauses in the Television Industry Exclude Competitors and Stifle Innovation
Creators: name: Toth, Bill
Publisher: name: Science and Technology Law Review
Year: 2013

description: Most-Favored Nation clauses (“MFNs”) are price protections common in many facets of commerce. In their simplest form, a seller guarantees that it will not offer a lower price to any competitor of its “most favored nation.” Several antitrust cases, most notably in the health insurance industry, have been brought against monopolists that use MFNs with the effect of excluding “discount” competitors, some of which have been met with success. This Note posits that MFNs between television distributors and content producers may have the same exclusionary effects, even if no single distributor has monopoly power. Because many “discounters” distribute television content across the Internet, rather than via cable, this Note suggests that the exclusion of discounters in the television industry compounds the exclusionary harms to consumers by not only excluding beneficial business methods, but innovative digital video technologies. Drawing on the discussion of “Parallel Exclusion” in Professor Scott Hemphill and Professor Tim Wu’s recent article in the Yale Law Journal, this Note suggests addressing these challenges by revisiting Judge Posner’s “shared monopoly” approach to antitrust liability and provides support for the prohibition on MFNs in television proposed by Senator Jay Rockefeller in the Consumer Choice in Online Video Act.
description: Science and Technology Law Review, Vol 15 No 1: 2013-2014
The Surprising Breadth of Post-Grant Review for Covered-Business-Method Patents
Creators: name: Riley, Andrew
name: Stroud, Jonathan
name: Totten, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: Science and Technology Law Review
Year: 2014

description: Sued for or threatened with infringement? Companies and innovators sued for infringement over software, Internet, or business-method patents have a new means for quick and relatively low-cost resolution. By using the recently enacted post-grant review procedures at the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office created by the America Invents Act and implemented September 16, 2012, parties can resolve software disputes quickly and relatively cheaply, compared to the rigors of a full trial. While there are never easy answers, these reviews enable many parties not only to lower costs but also to protect their own often-nascent software innovations from predatory suit.
description: Science and Technology Law Review, Vol 15 No 2: 2013-2014
Dementia Residential Home Care Staff Burnout
Creators: name: Howells, David
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Survey Results
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Cardiff University MSc Ageing,Health and Disease Dissertation: An exploration into burnout in care staff working in dementia-registered residential homes in Cardiff.
The Growing Public Domain in Medicine
Creators: name: Vishnubhakat, Saurabh
Publisher: name: Science and Technology Law Review
Year: 2014

description: This Article describes the growing public domain of inventions associated with drugs and medicine, and geographies associated with identifiable shifts in the balance of innovation that may be especially favorable for promoting wider access to socially useful technologies. To do so, it departs from the largely ex ante perspective that currently informs the intersectional debate regarding human rights and patent rights and, instead, looks backward to inquire what innovations from past patents have already become publicly available in service of the human rights objective of greater access to technology. Ex post analysis of this kind may help public and private institutions alike in identifying cycles of innovation that sustainably deprioritize socially valuable technologies and leave them free for public use.
description: Science and Technology Law Review, Vol 15 No 2: 2013-2014
Balancing the Friction
Creators: name: Sanney, Kenneth J.
Publisher: name: Science and Technology Law Review
Year: 2014

description: With the shift in the focus of the American economy from an agrarian economy to a manufacturing economy to a technology economy, there has been a corresponding shift in the socioeconomic importance of differing types of property from real property to personal property to digital property. Unfortunately, the legal response to this shift has unwisely tipped the balance of property rights in favor of society and away from the individual. In order to support the otherwise laudable intellectual property goal of advancing the arts and sciences, the federal government has moved incrementally down a path that has resulted in the complete devaluation of large swaths of privately owned property simply because that property is digital. A very significant point on this path has been crossed. In spite of the increasing importance of digital property to the American economy, the United States Supreme Court has interpreted the Takings Clause of the Fifth Amendment to provide substantially less protection for digital property than for real property. These rulings have created a constitutional misalignment of economic realities, public policy, and law. Copyright law provides a focused lens for the examination of the resulting misalignment. Through administrative regulations, statutory provisions, and court rulings, the federal government has vested copyright owners with the legal authority to exercise dominion over others’ property in an unprecedented way. We are now at a point where it is illegal for the consumer to alter or sell even lawfully-obtained property. The Digital Millennium Copyright Act authorizes copyright owners to place digital locks onto both digital content and within tangible property such as cellphones and video game consoles. Correspondingly, as we have seen in the Librarian of Congress’s recent ruling that removed the rights of consumers to jailbreak their cellphones and the Capitol Records, LLC v. ReDigi Inc. civil case that ruled that consumers cannot sell their digital music files, the other branches of government are complicit in this unprecedented shift in property rights. While these actions by the federal government were intended to undergird the public good of advancing the arts and sciences, in reality, they have strengthened the copyright monopoly in an unwarranted manner by eviscerating one of the most important limitations to that monopoly’s power: the first sale doctrine. This Article demonstrates how a Fifth Amendment Takings Clause challenge to narrow provisions of copyright law would present the judiciary with a set of facts that are well suited to allow the judiciary to realign the policy of the Takings Clause with the economic and legal realities of our day. About the Author
description: Science and Technology Law Review, Vol 15 No 2: 2013-2014
title: Banning Belarusian Airlines in Response to Belarus’ Diversion of Ryanair Flight FR4978 as a Third-Party Countermeasure
Creators: name: Talmon, Stefan
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst für internationale und interdisziplinäre Rechtsforschung
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 341

description: GPIL - German Practice in International Law
Multibeam Hybrid Transmitarray Based on Polarization Rotating Metasurface With Reconfigurable Bidirectional Radiation
Creators: name: Qin, Fan
name: Liu, Yifei
name: Gu, Chao
name: Zeng, Linfeng
name: Cheng, Wenchi
name: Zhang, Hailin
name: Gao, Steven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper proposes a bidirectional multibeam hybrid transmitarray (HTA) employing a transmission polarization-rotating metasurface (TPRM). A novel configuration is introduced to facilitate bidirectional beam scanning by combining the transmitarray (TA) and folded-transmitarray (FTA). To accomplish the reconfiguration of both unidirectional and bidirectional radiation states in the +z, -z, and +/-z directions, a polarization switchable multi-feed array (MFA) is placed at the focal plane between the TA and FTA, radiating x-polarization, y-polarization, and 45-degree oblique polarization waves, respectively. Meanwhile, the proposed antenna can achieve multibeam radiation in the three aforementioned states by switching the polarization of the MFA. To demonstrate the operating principle, a prototype has been designed, simulated, and fabricated. The measured results agree well with the simulated results. The simulated and measured results indicate that the proposed design can generate reconfigurable multibeam in both forward and backward directions, either separately or simultaneously. In the unidirectional states, forward and backward beam scanning is achieved within an angular range of +/-30° and +/-22°, respectively, with peak gains of 23.6 dBi and 23.1 dBi. A simultaneous forward and backward beam scanning of +/-40° and +/-22° is achieved in the hybrid radiation state, with peak gains of 19.4 dBi and 19.3 dBi, respectively. The proposed antenna array design offers several advantages, including bidirectional low-loss beam scanning, a simple structure, low power consumption, and a low profile.
description: 12 pages, 26 figures, published to TAP
Doña Teresa de Llanos: Digital edition
Creators: name: Betti Miguel
name: Leblanc Elina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Spanish literature
Digital edition
XML-TEI

description: Digital edition of a Spanish pliego de cordel, published by the Andalusian printer José María Moreno (19th c.). It contains the XML-TEI file of the edition, as well as the files that led to this edition, i.e. the digital facsimiles (raw and retouched), and the transcription produced by the OCR tool Transkribus (PAGE-XML). This digital edition is a part of the research project Desenrollando el cordel / Untangling the cordel / Démêler le cordel (2020-2024), led by professor Constance Carta at the University of Geneva and supported by the philanthropic Sandoz-Monique de Meuron Family Foundation.
Doña Teresa de Llanos: Digital edition
Creators: name: Miguel, Betti
name: Leblanc Elina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Spanish literature
Digital edition
XML-TEI

description: Digital edition of a Spanish pliego de cordel, published by the Andalusian printer José María Moreno (19th c.). It contains the XML-TEI file of the edition, as well as the files that led to this edition, i.e. the digital facsimiles (raw and retouched), and the transcription produced by the OCR tool Transkribus (PAGE-XML). This digital edition is a part of the research project Desenrollando el cordel / Untangling the cordel / Démêler le cordel (2020-2022), led by the professor Constance Carta at the University of Geneva and supported by the philanthropic Sandoz-Monique de Meuron Family Foundation.
Prototypical Partial Optimal Transport for Universal Domain Adaptation
Creators: name: Yang, Yucheng
name: Gu, Xiang
name: Sun, Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Universal domain adaptation (UniDA) aims to transfer knowledge from a labeled source domain to an unlabeled target domain without requiring the same label sets of both domains. The existence of domain and category shift makes the task challenging and requires us to distinguish "known" samples (i.e., samples whose labels exist in both domains) and "unknown" samples (i.e., samples whose labels exist in only one domain) in both domains before reducing the domain gap. In this paper, we consider the problem from the point of view of distribution matching which we only need to align two distributions partially. A novel approach, dubbed mini-batch Prototypical Partial Optimal Transport (m-PPOT), is proposed to conduct partial distribution alignment for UniDA. In training phase, besides minimizing m-PPOT, we also leverage the transport plan of m-PPOT to reweight source prototypes and target samples, and design reweighted entropy loss and reweighted cross-entropy loss to distinguish "known" and "unknown" samples. Experiments on four benchmarks show that our method outperforms the previous state-of-the-art UniDA methods.
title: Post-BREXIT headaches: the CJEU’s recent judgments on the withdrawal of EU citizenship from British expats
Creators: name: Dolgowski, Karoline
name: Traudt, Dennis
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst für internationale und interdisziplinäre Rechtsforschung
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 340

description: Saar Briefs
Doña Teresa de Llanos: Digital edition
Creators: name: Betti Miguel
name: Leblanc Elina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Spanish literature
Digital edition
XML-TEI

description: Digital edition of a Spanish pliego de cordel, published by the Andalusian printer José María Moreno (19th c.). It contains the XML-TEI file of the edition, as well as the files that led to this edition, i.e. the digital facsimiles (raw and retouched), and the transcription produced by the OCR tool Transkribus (PAGE-XML). This digital edition is a part of the research project Desenrollando el cordel / Untangling the cordel / Démêler le cordel (2020-2024), led by the professor Constance Carta at the University of Geneva and supported by the philanthropic Sandoz-Monique de Meuron Family Foundation.