cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Phase space properties and the short distance structure in quantum field theory
Creators: name: Bostelmann, Henning
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81T05

description: The paper investigates relations between the phase space structure of a quantum field theory ("nuclearity") and the concept of pointlike localized fields. Given a net of local observable algebras, a phase space condition is introduced that allows a very detailed description of the theory's field content. An appendix discusses noninteracting models as examples.
description: v3: minor changes, as to appear in J. Math. Phys.; 15 pages
Bose-Einstein condensation of trapped interacting spin-1 atoms
Creators: name: Zhang, Wenxian
name: Yi, Su
name: You, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate Bose-Einstein condensation of trapped spin-1 atoms with ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic two-body contact interactions. We adopt the mean field theory and develop a Hartree-Fock-Popov type approximation in terms of a semiclassical two-fluid model. For antiferromagnetic interactions, our study reveals double condensations as atoms in the $|m_F=0>$ state never seem to condense under the constraints of both the conservation of total atom number $N$ and magnetization $M$. For ferromagnetic interactions, however, triple condensations can occur. Our results can be conveniently understood in terms of the interplay of three factors: (anti) ferromagnetic atom-atom interactions, $M$ conservation, and the miscibilities between and among different condensed components.
description: RevTex 4, 9 pages, 5 eps figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. A, vol 70, p1
Superuniversality from disorder at two-dimensional topological phase transitions
Creators: name: Kang, Byungmin
name: Parameswaran, S. A.
name: Potter, Andrew C.
name: Vasseur, Romain
name: Gazit, Snir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effects of quenched randomness on topological quantum phase transitions in strongly interacting two-dimensional systems. We focus first on transitions driven by the condensation of a subset of fractionalized quasiparticles (`anyons') identified with `electric charge' excitations of a phase with intrinsic topological order. All other anyons have nontrivial mutual statistics with the condensed subset and hence become confined at the anyon condensation transition. Using a combination of microscopically exact duality transformations and asymptotically exact real-space renormalization group techniques applied to these two-dimensional disordered gauge theories, we argue that the resulting critical scaling behavior is `superuniversal' across a wide range of such condensation transitions, and is controlled by the same infinite-randomness fixed point as that of the 2D random transverse-field Ising model. We validate this claim using large-scale quantum Monte Carlo simulations that allow us to extract zero-temperature critical exponents and correlation functions in (2+1)D disordered interacting systems. We discuss generalizations of these results to a large class of ground-state and excited-state topological transitions in systems with intrinsic topological order as well as those where topological order is either protected or enriched by global symmetries. When the underlying topological order and the symmetry group are Abelian, our results provide prototypes for topological phase transitions between distinct many-body localized phases.
description: 33 pages, 35 figures; published version
Motivation als Kompetenz
Creators: name: Ruchti, Lisa Marlies
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Sonderpädagogik
Motivation
Masterarbeit

description: Motivation ist eine wichtige individuelle Voraussetzung für schulische Lern- und Leistungsprozesse. Aus diesem Grund ist die Förderung und Unterstützung der Entwicklung von Lern- und Leistungsmotivation zunehmend auch ein bedeutsames Ziel schulischer Lernprozesse. Motivation kann somit auch als Bildungsanliegen verstanden werden. Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich mit Motivation als Kompetenz. Es wird davon ausgegangen, dass diese Kompetenz aus einzelnen Fähigkeiten besteht, welche Arbeits- und Lernprozesse - von der Entstehung der Motivation für eine bestimmte Handlung, bis zu deren Abschluss – prägen. Die dazugehörigen Fähigkeiten können in der Schule angeregt, vermittelt und gelernt werden. Untersucht und dargestellt wird ausserdem, wie die Förderung der motivationalen Kompetenz in den überfachlichen Kompetenzen des Lehrplan’s 21 abgebildet ist.
Az agrár- és vidékfejlesztés lehetőségei, tennivalói
Creators: name: Buday-Sántha, Attila
name: Buday-Sántha, Attila
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Environmental Economics and Policy
Labor and Human Capital
Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: A magyar agrárágazat és a vidék egésze eléggé leromlott állapotba került az uniós csatlakozás időpontjára. A rendszerváltással egy működő modell széttört, de helyette nem jött létre egy olyan rendszer, amely működőképes lenne. Egy új modell kialakítása mindenekelőtt fejlesztési forrásokat igényel, de nemcsak azt, hanem a különböző tényezőknek olyan összehangolt rendszerét, amely az erőforrások felhasználásának hatékonyságát biztosítani tudja. ------------------ By the time of the entry of Hungary into the European Union her agriculture has become rather debased. As a matter of fact, this is true for the countryside as a whole. The change of regime resulted in the cessation of a model that had worked, and no new system capable of functioning has come into being instead. First of all, the creation of such a model requires developmental resources, but it necessitates also such a concerted system of diverse factors as may ensure their efficient utilisation.
Nano-mechanical magnetization reversal
Creators: name: Kovalev, Alexey A.
name: Bauer, Gerrit E. W.
name: Brataas, Arne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of the ferromagnetic order parameter in thin magnetic films is strongly affected by the magnetomechanical coupling at certain resonance frequencies. By solving the equation of motion of the coupled mechanical and magnetic degrees of freedom we show that the magnetic-field induced magnetization switching can be strongly accelerated by the lattice and illustrate the possibility of magnetization reversal by mechanical actuation.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Online Scheduling of a Residential Microgrid via Monte-Carlo Tree Search and a Learned Model
Creators: name: Shuai, Hang
name: He, Haibo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The uncertainty of distributed renewable energy brings significant challenges to economic operation of microgrids. Conventional online optimization approaches require a forecast model. However, accurately forecasting the renewable power generations is still a tough task. To achieve online scheduling of a residential microgrid (RM) that does not need a forecast model to predict the future PV/wind and load power sequences, this paper investigates the usage of reinforcement learning (RL) approach to tackle this challenge. Specifically, based on the recent development of Model-Based Reinforcement Learning, MuZero, we investigate its application to the RM scheduling problem. To accommodate the characteristics of the RM scheduling application, a optimization framework that combines the modelbased RL agent with the mathematical optimization technique is designed, and long short-term memory (LSTM) units are adopted to extract features from the past renewable generation and load sequences. At each time step, the optimal decision is obtained by conducting Monte-Carlo tree search (MCTS) with a learned model and solving an optimal power flow sub-problem. In this way, this approach can sequentially make operational decisions online without relying on a forecast model. The numerical simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
description: 14 pages, 17 figures, submitted to TSG
Bounds on the entanglability of thermal states in liquid-state nuclear magnetic resonance
Creators: name: Yu, Terri M.
name: Brown, Kenneth R.
name: Chuang, Isaac L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The role of mixed state entanglement in liquid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) quantum computation is not yet well-understood. In particular, despite the success of quantum information processing with NMR, recent work has shown that quantum states used in most of those experiments were not entangled. This is because these states, derived by unitary transforms from the thermal equilibrium state, were too close to the maximally mixed state. We are thus motivated to determine whether a given NMR state is entanglable - that is, does there exist a unitary transform that entangles the state? The boundary between entanglable and nonentanglable thermal states is a function of the spin system size $N$ and its temperature $T$. We provide new bounds on the location of this boundary using analytical and numerical methods; our tightest bound scales as $N \sim T$, giving a lower bound requiring at least $N \sim 22,000$ proton spins to realize an entanglable thermal state at typical laboratory NMR magnetic fields. These bounds are tighter than known bounds on the entanglability of effective pure states.
description: REVTeX4, 15 pages, 4 figures (one large figure: 414 K)
Discovery of Extended Structures around Two Evolved Planetary Nebulae M 2-55 and Abell 2
Creators: name: Hsia, Chih-Hao
name: Zhang, Yong
name: Zhang, Xi-Liang
name: Luo, Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a multi-wavelength study of two evolved planetary nebulae (PNs) M 2-55 and Abell 2. Deep optical narrow-band images ([O III], H?, and [N II]) of M 2-55 reveal two pairs of bipolar lobes and a new faint arc-like structure. This arc-shaped filament around M 2-55 appears a well-defined boundary from southwest to southeast, strongly suggesting that this nebula is in interaction with its surrounding interstellar medium. From the imaging data of Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) all-sky survey, we discovered extensive mid-infrared halos around these PNs, which are approximately twice larger than their main nebulae seen in the visible. We also present a mid-resolution optical spectrum of M 2-55, which shows that it is a high-excitation evolved PN with a low electron density of 250 cm^-3. Furthermore, we investigate the properties of these nebulae from their spectral energy distributions (SEDs) by means of archival data.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures, accepted by Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Tipi di inflazione e politica fiscale.
Creators: name: ROMANI, F.
Publisher: name: Moneta e Credito
Year: 2014

description: Il compito che l’autore si propone in questo articolo è quello di mostyrare la rilevanz, ai fini della strumentazione di una politica fiscale che abbia il duplice fine della stabilità dei prezzi e della piena occupazione, di distinguere fra diversi tipi di situazioni inflazionistiche.
description: Moneta e Credito, V. 18, N. 70 (1965)
Xystosomus convexus Erwin 1973, new species
Creators: name: Erwin, Terry L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1973
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Xystosomus
Xystosomus convexus

description:  FIGURES 53, 72 DESCRIPTION.—Form: As in X. inflatus, except broader and more highly convex, but easily distinguished by the small, sharp laterobasal carinae of the pronotum. Color: Head and body rufopiceous, shiny; appendages testaceous; antennal articles apically slightly infuscated. Head: As in X. inflatus except fovae shallower. Pronotum (Figure 53): Very transverse (W/ L, x 1.82); laterobasal carinae small and very sharp; otherwise as in X. inflatus . Elytra: Smooth, highly convex; otherwise as in X. inflatus . Microsculpture: As in X. inflatus . Secondary sexual characters: Male genitalia unknown. Female genitalia not investigated because of the poor condition of the specimen. Size: The holotype: length, 2.9 mm; width, 1.6 mm. NATURAL HISTORY.— Unknown. LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 72).—I have seen only the unique type from Minas, Brazil.
description: Published as part of Erwin, Terry L., 1973, Studies of the subtribe Tachyina (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Bembidiini), Part I: A revision of the Neotropical genus Xystosomus Schaum, pp. 1-39 in Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 140 on page 29, DOI: 10.5479/si.00810282.140, http://zenodo.org/record/3828531
Divergences in QED on a Graph
Creators: name: Kan, Nahomi
name: Shiraishi, Kiyoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a model of quantum electrodynamics (QED) on a graph. The one-loop divergences in the model are investigated by use of the background field method.
description: 14 pages, no figures, RevTeX4. References and typos added
title: Biologically active molecules from marine microalgae
Creators: name: Ippolito, Giuliana d'
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2006

description: Diatoms are unicellular photosynthetic microalgae responsible for approximately 40% of marine primary productivity. This algal class has traditionally been regarded as providing the bulk of the food that sustains the marine food chain to top consumers and important fisheries. However, this beneficial role has recently been questioned on the basis of laboratory and field studies showing that although dominant zooplankton grazers such as copepods feed extensively on diatoms, the hatching success of eggs thus produced is seriously impaired. Short chain polyunsaturated aldehydes, such as 2,4,7-decatrienal and 2,4-decadienal, were correlated to the antiproliferative effect of diatoms on copepod reproduction. After establishing a method of analysis, the aldehyde profile of some ecologically relevant species of marine diatoms was assessed. The results showed that the production of aldehydes is species-specific. Detailed chemical analysis revealed the presence of fatty acid derivatives other than aldehydes such as hydroxyacids, ketoacids, oxoacids and epoxyalcohols, increasing the complexity of a chemical defence of diatoms mediated only by aldehydes. All these compounds belong to a class of compounds called oxylipins, that are oxygenated compounds biosynthesized from fatty acids by oxygenasecatalyzed oxygenation. Marine diatoms are able to produce the major antiproliferative oxylipins by a novel oxygenase-dependent oxidation of C16 fatty acids hexadecatrienoic acid (16:3 (w-4) and hexadecatetrenoic acid (16:4 (w-1), and C2o eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5 (w-3). This process is triggered by lypolitic acyl hydrolase activity, that feeds the downstream lipoxygenase pathway. The ecological meaning of the oxylipin pathway in the diatom-copepod interactions is discussed, showing that attention should move from single compounds to complex biochemical process. The deleterious effect on copepod reproduction could be due to a biochemical process such as the generation of an high oxidative potential, rather than only by aldehydes or other secondary oxygenated products, that when present can co-occur to produce the final effect.
Sviluppi e problemi della struttura bancaria dell'America Latina. (The pattern of change in Latin American banking: an overall view)
Creators: name: TAMAGNA, F.M.
Publisher: name: Moneta e Credito
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Latin America, banking, financial structure, central banks, monetary instruments, policy
subject: G21, G28

description: Amidst substantial political and economic change, the central banks of Latin America have outgrown their formative phase, reflecting in their development the pervasive effects of internal and external influence. Their contribution to the changing pattern of the economies has been reflected in the promotion of new ways and instruments of financing, the support of new types of financial institutions in public and private fields, and the assumption of intermediary roles between the government and the financial community at home, and between these and foreign and international institutions. The present work provides a general analysis of these developments in Latin American banking. The author first considers the impact of change on the financial structure before looking at the place and role of central banks. The development of monetary instruments and the framework of monetary policy are then analysed. Finally, the changing scope of the financial system is examined. JEL: G21, G28
description: Moneta e Credito, V. 18, N. 71 (1965)
Studying practicing Kuwaiti kindergarten teachers' attitudes, knowledge and reported practices regarding computer integration into the curriculum
Creators: name: Mohammad, Muna
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This study aimed to investigate the attitudes, knowledge and reported practices of Kuwaiti kindergarten teachers regarding computer use in the classroom. The study was completed using a mixed methods research design whereby both quantitative and qualitative data was collected and analyzed in two phases. In the first phase of the study, a sample of 174 practicing kindergarten teachers in Kuwait, obtained from 16 kindergarten schools, completed a questionnaire. In particular, these participants volunteered to complete a questionnaire that measured their attitudes, knowledge and practices regarding the use of computers in their classroom. In the second phase, in-depth semistructured interviews with six kindergarten teachers were conducted to investigate those teachers' in depth perceptions and personal experiences with computers in their classrooms. Results from the questionnaires in the first phase of this study indicated that the majority of the participating teachers reported relatively positive attitudes and were knowledgeable regarding computer use in the curriculum. Contrary to what was proposed, however, the following independent variables were not statistically significant predictors of either teachers' attitudes or knowledge regarding the use of computers in their classroom: age, number of years of teaching experience, level of education, type of computer training, and ways of using computers. A significant relationship was found between computer attitudes and having access to a home computer. No significant relationship was found between teacher's knowledge and having access to a home computer. Although the majority had a positive attitude toward and were knowledgeable about the use of computers, interview data analysis in the second phase of this study showed that kindergarten teachers struggled to integrate computers into the curriculum and that they rarely used them in their lessons even though they perceived computer implementation to be beneficial to both teachers and children. The analysis revealed that teachers need more computer training, with other factors, to best integrate computers into the curriculum. The findings are discussed in terms of recommendations for practical applications and future research.
title: The contest over the control of the nineteenth-century universities of Scotland and England
Creators: name: Cameron, Donald MacIver
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1987

description: This thesis studies the reform of the nineteenth century universities of Scotland and England in terms of the conflict between the aristocracy, the professions and the mercantile section of the middle class. A methodology has been developed that draws on the secondary sources on the universities to identify the main characters involved in certain debates relating to university reform. The work consists of the study of the original correspondence of the central persons involved in specific changes in the two university systems. These sources have been set into a context constructed from the study of newspaper reports, pamphlets, essays, speeches and other accessible pieces. A background chapter on the main contrasts betw--en the university systems in Scotland and England in the years before the Victorian age is followed by three chapters that focus on parellel developments in the two university systems in three distinct periods. By juxtaposing the events in (1) the 1820s and 1830s, (2) the 1850s and (3) the 1870s and 1880s the thesis indicates that differences in the reforms of the various parts of the systems in the two countries can be related to the resolution of local compromises between the aristocracy, the professions and the mercantile wing of the middle class that reflected the relative strength of those classes in the local areas. By concentrating on events in this way the thesis draws conclusions which cast doubt on the analysis presented by G. E. Davie in his work 'The Democratic Intellect'. The study concludes that the ideas associated with the three identified contending interest groups had a divergent impact on Oxford and Cambridge, on the universities of Scotland and on the newer civic universities as the century unfolded.
GOODS Discovery of a Significant Population of Obscured AGN
Creators: name: Urry, C. M.
name: Treister, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analysed the optical and infrared properties of X-ray sources in the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey (GOODS), a deep multiwavelength survey covering 0.1 square degrees in two fields. The HST ACS data are well explained by a unified AGN scheme that postulates roughly 3 times as many obscured as unobscured AGN, as are the spectroscopic and photometric redshift distributions once selection effects are considered. Our model predicts infrared number counts of AGN that agree well with the preliminary Spitzer data, confirming that large numbers of obscured AGN are present in the early Universe (z>1).
description: To be published in Growing Black Holes, Proc. Garching Conference, June 2004, ed. A. Merloni, A. Nayakshin, R. Sunyaev (Springer-Verlag). 10 pp., 4 fig
Stima dei costi unitari delle operazioni di una banca con filiali.
Creators: name: CASTIGLIONI, P.
Publisher: name: Moneta e Credito
Year: 2014

description: Lo scopo del presente articolo è di indicare la possibilità di ottenere una stima probabilistica dei costi unitari dei principali tipi di operazioni di una banca con numerose filiali, conoscendo soltanto, per ogni filiale, il costo totale di ciascun dipartimento, che esegue operazioni di vario genere, ed il numero delle operazioni effettuate di ciascun tipo. Per maggiore chiarezza tale applicazione probabilistica è illustrata con specifico riferimento alle operazioni del dipartimento “ estero e merci”
description: Moneta e Credito, V. 18, N. 71 (1965)
Non-linear photonic crystals as a source of entangled photons
Creators: name: de Dood, Michiel J. A.
name: Irvine, William T. M.
name: Bouwmeester, Dirk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-linear photonic crystals can be used to provide phase-matching for frequency conversion in optically isotropic materials. The phase-matching mechanism proposed here is a combination of form birefringence and phase velocity dispersion in a periodic structure. Since the phase-matching relies on the geometry of the photonic crystal, it becomes possible to use highly non-linear materials. This is illustrated considering a one-dimensional periodic Al$_{0.4}$Ga$_{0.6}$As / air structure for the generation of 1.5 $μ$m light. We show that phase-matching conditions used in schemes to create entangled photon pairs can be achieved in photonic crystals.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Considerazioni sullo sviluppo economico del Giappone. (Japanese economic performance)
Creators: name: MADDISON, A.
Publisher: name: Moneta e Credito
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Japan, development, performance, growth
subject: O53

description: Japan is the only non-European country to have made the transition from being underdeveloped. Over the past century it has had the fastest growth rate of any country, and in the past decade has outpaced all other countries. More than in any other developed country except the U.S.S.R., Japanese growth has represented a deliberate effort of government policy. The Japanese experience is therefore of particular relevance to developing countries, and its recent performance also raises important queries for Europe. The present article analyses Japan’s economic performance considering whether ideas on feasible growth rates need be revised, to what extent Japan has succeeded in achieving maximum growth, and if its experience is transferable. The author first details the stages of Japan’s growth, before analysing the level of productivity and use of resources. The business cycle is then considered as well as the factors affecting growth performance. The author then examines the lessons of the Japanese experience for developing countries and finally the prospects for the future. JEL: O53
description: Moneta e Credito, V. 18, N. 72 (1965)
title: Cuts without quantifier alternations and their effect on expansion trees
Creators: name: Zivota, Sebastian
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematische Logik
subject: Beweistheorie
subject: mathematical logic
subject: proof theory

description: Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, aus einem Beweis eines Sequents eine Herbrand-Menge zu extrahieren, also eine tautologische Menge von Instanzen dieses Sequents. Zunächst befassen wir uns mit Gentzens Sequentialkalkül und dem Schnitteliminations-Algorithmus. Danach entwickeln wir die Theorie der Expansionsbäume, -sequente und -beweise im Rahmen der Logik erster Stufe und zeigen, dass aus einem Sequentialbeweis, der nur einfache Schnitte enthält, ein Expansionsbeweis gewonnen werden kann. Dieser Expansionsbeweis kann dann wiederum in eine Herbrand-Menge umgewandelt werden. Im dritten Kapitel definieren wir eine neue Art von Baumgrammatik, die sogenannten constrained grammars, und zeigen dass wir damit total rigide Grammatiken emulieren und gleichzeitig weitere Beschränkungen erzwingen können. Zu guter Letzt werden die vorhergenden Ergebnisse kombiniert, um zu zeigen, dass wir aus einem Sequentialbeweis eine constrained grammar gewinnen können, deren Sprache eine tautologische Menge von Instanzen ist. Zum Beweis verwenden wir, dass 1) die Sprache durch Schnittreduktion nie größer wird und 2) für (beinahe) schnittfreie Beweise die Sprache genau der Herbrand-Menge entspricht, die wir aus einem Expansionsbeweis bekämen. Damit ergibt sich insgesamt, dass wir mittels constrained grammars eine Herbrand-Menge aus einem Beweis berechnen können, ohne tatsächlich Schnittelimination durchführen zu müssen.
description: The aim of this thesis is to extract an Herbrand set, that is a tautological set of instances of a sequent, from a proof of that sequent that may contain cuts. We first present the basics of Gentzen's sequent calculus and the cut reduction algorithm. Next we develop the theory of expansion trees, sequents and proofs in a first-order setting and show that we can extract an expansion proof from a sequent proof that contains only certain simple kinds of cuts. Such an expansion proof can in turn be converted into a Herbrand set. In the third chapter, we invent a new type of tree grammar, the so-called constrained grammars, and show that they can emulate totally rigid tree grammars while also enforcing additional restrictions. Finally, the previous efforts are combined to show that from a sequent proof we can extract a constrained whose language is a tautological set of instances. We show this by establishing 1) that the language of the grammar does not expand under cut reduction and 2) for (nearly) cut-free proofs the language corresponds to the Herbrand set we would extract via the expansion proof method. It follows that using constrained grammars, we can compute an Herbrand set from a proof without performing cut elimination.
Mean-field study of the Bose-Hubbard model in Penrose lattice
Creators: name: Ghadimi, Rasoul
name: Sugimoto, Takanori
name: Tohyama, Takami
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the Bose-Hubbard model in the Penrose lattice based on inhomogeneous mean-field theory. Since averaged coordination number in the Penrose lattice is four, mean-field phase diagram consisting of the Mott insulator (MI) and superfluid (SF) phase is similar to that of the square lattice. However, the spatial distribution of Bose condensate in the SF phase is significantly different from uniform distribution in the square lattice. We find a fractal structure in its distribution near the MI-SF phase boundary. The emergence of the fractal structure is a consequence of cooperative effect between quasiperiodicity in the Penrose lattice and criticality at the phase transition.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
Fading of the Transient Anomalous X-ray Pulsar XTE J1810-197
Creators: name: Halpern, J. P.
name: Gotthelf, E. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three observations of the 5.54 s Transient Anomalous X-ray Pulsar XTE J1810-197 obtained over 6 months with the Newton X-Ray Multi-Mirror Mission (XMM-Newton) are used to study its spectrum and pulsed light curve as the source fades from outburst. The decay is consistent with an exponential of time constant 300 days, but not a power law as predicted in some models of sudden deep crustal heating events. All spectra are well fitted by a blackbody plus a steep power law, a problematic model that is commonly fitted to anomalous X-ray pulsars (AXPs). A two-temperature blackbody fit is also acceptable, and better motivated physically in view of the faint optical/IR fluxes, the X-ray pulse shapes that weakly depend on energy in XTE J1810-197, and the inferred emitting areas that are less than or equal to the surface area of a neutron star. The fitted temperatures remained the same while the flux declined by 46%, which can be interpreted as a decrease in area of the emitting regions. The pulsar continues to spin down, albeit at a reduced rate of (5.1+/-1.6)x10^{-12} s s^{-1}. The inferred characteristic age Tau_c = P/2Pdot ~17,000 yr, magnetic field strength B_s ~1.7x10^{14} G, and outburst properties are consistent with both the outburst and quiescent X-ray luminosities being powered by magnetic field decay, i.e., XTE J1810-197 is a magnetar.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, accepted by Ap.J
title: Investigation of a Reproducible Boiling Phenomenon with Relevance to Volcanic Lightning
Creators: name: Pounder, Colin
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1979

description: Evidence for the existance of volcanic lightning is produced from a literature survey and the charge sources which have been suggested are listed and those, of the 18th and 19th centuries, which involved boiling water are reviewed in detail. Studies of saline contact charging, undertaken by Blanchard et al, when Surtsey emerged in 1963 are reviewed and lead to the continuation, in this investigation, of the Leidenfrost form of boiling and the discovery of an associated charging process. This discovery resolves a two centuries long dispute as to whether the Leidenfrost phenomenon of boiling produces charge as well as showing its important relevance to volcanic lightning where solution contact charging is in evidence.

The mechanisms by which charged particles are emitted and formed into hollow solute spheres have been investigated and their charge and size distributions determined. Their structure has been compared with the structure of particles produced by flash boiling and spraying of saline solution. The energy conversion involved in the particle emission mechanism has also been studied.

Charging mechanisms and some charging processes have been reviewed and by comparing results from other investigations speculations as to which mechanisms produce charge in the Leidenfrost process have been attempted. The comparison of results leads to the suggestion that Blanchard's observations are more likely to be Leidenfrost boiling than, as he assumed, flash boiling. The high average charge per particle of 10-14C on particles from Leidenfrost boiling indicate that the number density is smaller, by a factor of 104, than that previously suggested to produce the fields measured in volcanic clouds.

Exploratory experiments have established that in addition to saline solution other aqueous solutions will also produce charge.
Achtsamkeit und Aufmerksamkeit Achtsamkeitstraining zur Förderung der selektiven (fokussierten) Aufmerksamkeit
Creators: name: Singer, Regula
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Sonderpädagogik
Aufmerksamkeit
Masterarbeit

description: Selbstregulation basiert auf den exekutiven Funktionen und befähigt Kinder achtsam, bewusst und überlegt zu handeln. Die Selbstregulation der Aufmerksamkeit bildet die Voraussetzung für selbst gesteuertes Lernen und zielgerichtetes, selbstreguliertes Verhalten. Aufmerksamkeit wird in verschiedene Komponenten unterteilt. Diese Arbeit widmet sich der selektiven Aufmerksamkeit / Orienting und setzt sie in Beziehung zur Achtsamkeit.
 Verdeutlicht wird der Zusammenhang zwischen der selektiven Aufmerksamkeit / Orienting und Achtsamkeit. Untersucht wird, inwiefern Achtsamkeitstraining bei Unterstufenkindern einer Mehrklassenschule die Kompetenz der selektiven Aufmerksamkeit / Orienting beeinflusst. Er werden Situationen geschildert, in denen sich das Produkt (Übungssammlung, Karteikarten) bewährt und Faktoren umschrieben, die selbständiges Üben (mit Schlüsselbund-Büchlein) fördern.
Studies of the subtribe Tachyina (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Bembidiini), Part I: A revision of the Neotropical genus Xystosomus Schaum
Creators: name: Erwin, Terry L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1973
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: The laexris group a complete lack of impressed elytral striae, absence or partial absence of lateral pronotal setigerous pores (exception is X. impressifrons, with both sets present), and absence of flight wings. Besides these external characteristics, the internal sac and the apex of the median lobe of the male genitalia share great similarities (see illustrations). The concordance of the above-mentioned characteristics indicates that the laevis group is a natural group of rather closely related forms that probably underwent speciation after the loss of powers of flight. This view is further supported by the group's very small range. The group is known to be composed of seven species, all of which are found in Brazil south of the Amazon Basin (Figure 72).
description: Published as part of Erwin, Terry L., 1973, Studies of the subtribe Tachyina (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Bembidiini), Part I: A revision of the Neotropical genus Xystosomus Schaum, pp. 1-39 in Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 140 on page 29, DOI: 10.5479/si.00810282.140, http://zenodo.org/record/3828531
On the Complementarity Principle and the Uncertainty Principle
Creators: name: Guerra, E. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a scheme in which we investigate the two-slit experiment and we show that the principle of complementarity is more fundamental then the uncertainty principle.
description: 6 pages
Sigma Meson Cloud and Proton's Light Flavor Sea Quarks
Creators: name: Huang, Feng
name: Xu, Rong-Guang
name: Ma, Bo-Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We take into account the sigma meson cloud effect in the meson cloud model to calculate the distributions of light flavor sea quarks in the proton. Our calculation gives a better description of the data for $\bar{d}(x)/\bar{u}(x)$. We also provide a picture that the probability of finding a physical proton in a Fock state $|Nω> $ is reasonable small with a smaller cutoff $Λ_ω$.
description: 10 latex pages, 4 figures. Version to appear in PLB
Educators' views and practices regarding high stakes testing in grade 12 mathematics classrooms
Creators: name: MacPherson, Glen Eric
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This dissertation is a case study of the views and practices of mathematics teachers in two British Columbia high schools - their pedagogical, professional, and personal responses to high stakes testing, and the factors that mediate those responses, such as administrators, department heads, other teachers, students, and external influences. There was homogeneity across the two sites in how the teachers approached the Principles of Mathematics 12 course. 'Examination-style content' was reflected in teachers' lectures, assessment and evaluation, and classroom resources. Banks of previous examination items were a common resource at the two sites. Lecturing was the dominant mode of introducing content to students, and there were instances of the use of particular teaching practices - such as test coaching - aimed at improving examination performance. Evidence of downward examination pressure into earlier grades was found in one site. Administrators reported that provincial examinations significantly mediated administrative decisions on staffing, daily scheduling, yearly timetabling, and school-level programs. Teachers and others perceived media rankings of test scores as powerful but simplistic. Students expressed confidence in their teachers, reporting no undue levels of stress as a result of provincials examinations. These findings are consistent with other research that claims there are significant relationships between external testing and teaching practices, and supports the findings of previous examination-impact research from Anderson, Muir, Bateson, Blackmore, and Rogers (1990), and Wideen, O'Shea, Pye, and Ivany (1997).
La Commissione Porter sul sistema bancario e finanziario canadese. (The Porter Commission on Canadian banking and finance)
Creators: name: CHANT, J.F.
Publisher: name: Moneta e Credito
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Canada, banking system, financial system, markets, Bank Act
subject: G21, G28

description: Appointment in 1960 of the Royal Commission on Banking and Finance, now known as the Porter Commission, was precipitated by a growing dissatisfaction with the performance of the Canadian economy during the late 1950s when the rate of economic growth was among the slowest of western economies. The Report of the Royal Commission on Banking and Finance,representing over two years of study by the Commission, makes a diversity of recommendations toward improvement of the workings of the Canadian financial system. The present article reviews three issues that played important roles in the Report and are likely to arouse controversy: government intervention in financial markets; the commission’s views on economic policy; competition between financial institutions. In the overall assessment, the author concludes that the Report represents a sound beginning for revision of the Bank Act. JEL: G21, G28
description: Moneta e Credito, V. 18, N. 72 (1965)
title: Generally speaking : exploring expressions of generality in secondary mathematics classrooms
Creators: name: Drury, Helen Louise
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2008

description: It is widely recognised that generality is at the heart of the learning and teaching of mathematics. Motivated by a desire to understand what it is about generality which presents such an obstacle for so many students, this study examines the variety and complexity of ways in which generality is expressed in mathematics classrooms.

 Systematic reflection on my own experience of teaching over a year revealed a wide range of types of generalisation taking place in mathematics classrooms. The main study then analyses transcripts of fifty-two lessons taught by six teachers teaching at least four hundred students, sampled over a period of two months. The focus is on 'ordinary' lessons where expression of generality is not the main objective. Infonned by the literature, observation notes and student work, a framework is developed with five categories used to distinguish between types of generalisations, which emerge from the transcribed data . These categories are: the object of generalisation, its presumed longevity of relevance, its justification, its origin and the awareness being promoted.

 Having established the Ubiquitous richness and complexity of expression of generality in mathematics classrooms, the study looks in closer detail at the expression of generality pertinent to mathematical procedures and to mathematical concepts. The study uses the framework, and draws on second language education literature, to re-examine the fifty-two main study lessons. This analysis highlights the complexity of expressing generality through natural language, and suggests that natural language exhibits many of the pitfalls and ambiguities of algebraic expression. Further, it suggests that algebraic notation might offer a clearer means of expressing generality in many cases. The framework developed for considering characteristics of expressions of generality is then applied to the researcher's own classroom, demonstrating how awareness of ways in which generality is expressed can inform pedagogic choices as well as provide a structure for reflection on practice.
Una proposta per risolvere il problema della liquidità internazionale. (A suggestion for solving the international liquidity problem)
Creators: name: MODIGLIANI, F.
name: KENEN, P.
Publisher: name: Moneta e Credito
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: International liquidity, reserves, MIT, monetary unit
subject: E42, F31, F33, F34

description: The article takes up the debate on the problem of international liquidity. While a significant consensus has emerged on several major issues in recent years, no single plan has been adopted. The main problem blocking adoption of a particular plan is how to determine, and who will control, decisions as to the rate at which total reserves should change over time. Here the authors outline a plan designed to provide a workable answer, including the proposal of a new international monetary unit, referred to as the Medium for International Transactions (MIT). In order to bring out most clearly the basic properties and goals of the proposed system, how the system could be set up and would function is described, assuming that the MIT is the sole legal tender for international transactions between central banks. It is then shown how the system could be modified to permit the continued use of gold, along with the MIT. Finally, some of the issues that will have to be resolved if the participating parties are not prepared to disregard the past are dealt with. JEL: E42, F31, F33, F34
description: Moneta e Credito, V. 19, N. 73 (1966)
The perturbative QCD factorization approach in high energy nuclear collisions
Creators: name: Vitev, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I discuss the systematic modifications to the perturbative QCD factorization approach in high energy l+A, p+A and A+A reactions. These include transverse momentum diffusion manifest in the Cronin effect and a small increase in the dijet acoplanarity; nuclear size enhanced power corrections that lead to shadowing in deeply inelastic scattering and suppression of single and double inclusive hadron production at forward rapidity at RHIC but disappear as a function of the transverse momentum; inelastic attenuation of the jet cross sections or jet quenching that persists to much higher pT.
description: Proceedings of the "Hot Quarks 2004" workshop. To be published in Journal of Physics G. 15 pages, 9 figures
title: Facebook vs. Faltplan : Bewertung des Einsatzes Sozialer Medien als Mobilitätsinformationssystem
Creators: name: Vlk, Tamara
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Facebook vs. Faltplan
subject: Facebook vs. Faltplan

description: Sufficient information on public transport especially in terms of unpredictable events within the public transport system is hardly feasible with current mobility information systems. Due to high costs and lack of reliability of current methods of data collection an increased need for alternative methods to generate travel information is given. Status messages on social media like Facebook and Twitter are increasing across smartphone users of all milieus. These status messages could contain factual information about public transportation conditions or personal sentiments. By the public release of this kind of information, other public transport users may benefit in terms of a higher amount of real-time information and event detection. The use of social media as mobility information system is comparable with the process of crowdsourcing driven by social sensors. Compared to other mobility information systems, social media provides high valuable first-hand and real-time information on public transport. Furthermore this social sensor data may also be used by service providers for supplementing data on public transport generated by physical sensors.
Derivation of Calabi-Yau Crystals from Chern-Simons Gauge Theory
Creators: name: Okuda, Takuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive new crystal melting models from Chern-Simons theory on the three-sphere. Via large N duality, these models compute amplitudes for A-model on the resolved conifold. The crystal is bounded by two walls whose distance corresponds to the Kahler modulus of the geometry. An interesting phenomenon is found where the Kahler modulus is shifted by the presence of non-compact D-branes. We also discuss the idea of using the crystal models as means of proving more general large N dualities to all order in $g_s$.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures; v.2 typos corrected, references added; v.3 minor typos corrected, a confusing expression modified