cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Rare chromosomal deletions and duplications increase risk of schizophrenia
Creators: name: Sullivan, Patrick F.
name: Ruderfer, Douglas M.
name: McQuillin, Andrew
name: Kirov, George K.
name: Sklar, Pamela
name: O’Donovan, Michael C.
name: Daly, Mark J.
name: Lichtenstein, Paul
name: Visscher, Peter M.
name: Sklar, Pamela
name: Craddock, Nick J.
name: Holmans, Peter A.
name: O’Dushlaine, Colm T.
name: Hultman, Christina M.
name: O’Donovan, Michael C.
name: St Clair, David
name: Pato, Carlos N.
name: Purcell (Leader), Shaun M.
name: Gill, Michael
name: Gurling, Hugh
name: Kirov, George K.
name: Stone, Jennifer L.
name: Stone, Jennifer L.
name: Corvin, Aiden
name: Blackwood, Douglas H. R.
name: Morris, Derek W.
name: Macgregor, Stuart
name: Korn, Joshua
name: Owen, Michael J.
name: Sullivan, Patrick F.
name: McQuillin, Andrew
name: Ruderfer, Douglas M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder marked by hallucinations, delusions, cognitive deficits and apathy, with a heritability estimated at 73 - 90% ( ref. 1). Inheritance patterns are complex, ...
Radial velocity measurements of the pulsating zirconium star: LS IV -14 116
Creators: name: Jeffery, C. Simon
name: Ahmad, Amir
name: Neelamkodan, Naslim
name: Kerzendorf, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The helium-rich hot subdwarf LS IV -14 116 shows remarkably high surface abundances of zirconium, yttrium, strontium, and germanium, indicative of strong chemical stratification in the photosphere. It also shows photometric behaviour indicative of non-radial g-mode pulsations, despite having surface properties inconsistent with any known pulsational instability zone. We have conducted a search for radial velocity variability. This has demonstrated that at least one photometric period is observable in several absorption lines as a radial velocity variation with a semi-amplitude in excess of 5 km s$^{-1}$. A correlation between line strength and pulsation amplitude provides evidence that the photosphere pulsates differentially. The ratio of light to velocity amplitude is too small to permit the largest amplitude oscillation to be radial.
description: To appear in MNRAS: Accepted 2014 October 20, 6 pages, 2 table, 8 figures
ผลของการเรียนรู้แบบร่วมมือด้วยเทคนิค TGT ต่อผลสัมฤทธิ์ทางการเรียนคณิตศาสตร์ ของนักเรียนชั้นมัธยมศึกษาปีที่ 2 เรื่อง เลขยกกำลัง
Creators: name: คันธณัช พลวงค์
Publisher: name: สถาบันวิจัยและพัฒนา มหาวิทยาลัยกาฬสินธุ์
Year: 2023
Subjects: การจัดการเรียนรู้แบบร่วมมือ เทคนิค TGT
ผลสัมฤทธิ์ทางการเรียนคณิตศาสตร์
เลขยกกำลัง

description: วารสารมนุษยศาสตร์ สังคมศาสตร์ และนวัตกรรม มหาวิทยาลัยกาฬสินธุ์, 2, 1, 14-25
Sequence- and target-independent angiogenesis suppression by siRNA via TLR3
Creators: name: Wilgus, Traci A.
name: Yamasaki, Satoshi
name: Ambati, Jayakrishna
name: Yang, Zhenglin
name: Zhang, Kang
name: Takeda, Atsunobu
name: Itaya, Masahiro
name: Albuquerque, Romulo J. C.
name: Baffi, Judit Z.
name: Nozaki, Miho
name: Smith, Justine R.
name: Gibbs, Daniel
name: Yamada, Kiyoshi
name: DiPietro, Luisa A.
name: Karikó, Katalin
name: Ambati, Balamurali K.
name: Taylor, Ethan W.
name: Chandrasekaran, Vasu
name: Kleinman, Mark E.
name: Sakurai, Eiji
name: Appukuttan, Binoy
name: Pan, Yuzhen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Clinical trials of small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGFA) or its receptor VEGFR1 (also called FLT1), in patients with blinding choroidal neovascularization (CNV) from age-related macular degeneration, are premised on gene silencing by means of intracellular RNA interference (RNAi). We show instead that CNV inhibition is a siRNA-class effect: 21-nucleotide or longer siRNAs targeting non-mammalian genes, non-expressed genes, non-genomic sequences, pro- and anti-angiogenic genes, and RNAi-incompetent siRNAs all suppressed CNV in mice comparably to siRNAs targeting Vegfa or Vegfr1 without off-target RNAi or interferon-α/β activation. Non-targeted (against non-mammalian genes) and targeted (against Vegfa or Vegfr1) siRNA suppressed CNV via cell-surface toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3), its adaptor TRIF, and induction of interferon-γ and interleukin-12. Non-targeted siRNA suppressed dermal neovascularization in mice as effectively as Vegfa siRNA. siRNA-induced inhibition of neovascularization required a minimum length of 21 nucleotides, a bridging necessity in a modelled 2:1 TLR3–RNA complex. Choroidal endothelial cells from people expressing the TLR3 coding variant 412FF were refractory to extracellular siRNA-induced cytotoxicity, facilitating individualized pharmacogenetic therapy. Multiple human endothelial cell types expressed surface TLR3, indicating that generic siRNAs might treat angiogenic disorders that affect 8% of the world’s population, and that siRNAs might induce unanticipated vascular or immune effects.
On the variance of the number of occupied boxes
Creators: name: Bogachev, L. V.
name: Gnedin, A. V.
name: Yakubovich, Yu. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60F05 (Primary) 60C05 (Secondary)

description: We consider the occupancy problem where balls are thrown independently at infinitely many boxes with fixed positive frequencies. It is well known that the random number of boxes occupied by the first n balls is asymptotically normal if its variance V_n tends to infinity. In this work, we mainly focus on the opposite case where V_n is bounded, and derive a simple necessary and sufficient condition for convergence of V_n to a finite limit, thus settling a long-standing question raised by Karlin in the seminal paper of 1967. One striking consequence of our result is that the possible limit may only be a positive integer number. Some new conditions for other types of behavior of the variance, like boundedness or convergence to infinity, are also obtained. The proofs are based on the poissonization techniques.
description: 34 pages
Triggers, targets and treatments for thrombosis
Creators: name: Mackman, Nigel
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Thrombosis — localized clotting of the blood — can occur in the arterial or the venous circulation and has a major medical impact. Acute arterial thrombosis is the proximal cause of most cases of myocardial infarction (heart attack) and of about 80% of strokes, collectively the most common cause of death in the developed world. Venous thromboembolism is the third leading cause of cardiovascular-associated death. The pathogenic changes that occur in the blood vessel wall and in the blood itself resulting in thrombosis are not fully understood. Understanding these processes is crucial for developing safer and more effective antithrombotic drugs.
Pressure dependence of the magnetic order in CrAs: a neutron diffraction investigation
Creators: name: Keller, L.
name: White, J. S.
name: Frontzek, M.
name: Babkevich, P.
name: Susner, M. A.
name: Sims, Z. C.
name: Sefat, A. S.
name: Ronnow, H. M.
name: Rüegg, Ch.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The suppression of magnetic order with pressure concomitant with the appearance of pressure- induced superconductivity was recently discovered in CrAs. Here we present a neutron diffraction study of the pressure evolution of the helimagnetic ground-state towards and in the vicinity of the superconducting phase. Neutron diffraction on polycrystalline CrAs was employed from zero pressure to 0.65 GPa and at various temperatures. The helimagnetic long-range order is sustained under pressure and the magnetic propagation vector does not show any considerable change. The average ordered magnetic moment is reduced from 1.73(2) μB at ambient pressure to 0.4(1) μB close to the critical pressure Pc=0.7 GPa, at which magnetic order is completely suppressed. The width of the magnetic Bragg peaks strongly depends on temperature and pressure, showing a maximum in the region of the onset of superconductivity. We interpret this as associated with competing ground-states in the vicinity of the superconducting phase.
Squares and their centers
Creators: name: Keleti, Tamás
name: Nagy, Dániel T.
name: Shmerkin, Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 05B30, 28A78, Secondary: 05D99, 11P99, 42B25, 52C30

description: We study the relationship between the sizes of two sets $B, S\subset\mathbb{R}^2$ when $B$ contains either the whole boundary, or the four vertices, of a square with axes-parallel sides and center in every point of $S$, where size refers to one of cardinality, Hausdorff dimension, packing dimension, or upper or lower box dimension. Perhaps surprinsingly, the results vary depending on the notion of size under consideration. For example, we construct a compact set $B$ of Hausdorff dimension $1$ which contains the boundary of an axes-parallel square with center in every point $[0,1]^2$, but prove that such a $B$ must have packing and lower box dimension at least $\tfrac{7}{4}$, and show by example that this is sharp. For more general sets of centers, the answers for packing and box counting dimensions also differ. These problems are inspired by the analogous problems for circles that were investigated by Bourgain, Marstrand and Wolff, among others.
description: 20 pages, no figures
Solve et coagula for 11 instruments and live electronics
Creators: name: Taylor, Monte
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: Music
Music composition
Electronic music
Electroacoustic music
Supercollider

description: Solve et Coagula is a composition for eleven instruments, scored in six movements. This composition is the culmination of the composer’s process of integrating live performers with live, algorithmically-generated electronic playback and digital signal processing of acoustic instruments using the Supercollider audio programming language. Furthermore, the composition also breaks down and restructures musical elements from several of the composer’s previous works from their time at the University of Texas. This documents will detail the conception of Solve et Coagula, provide a detailed musical analysis of the piece, outline the musical elements in Solve et Coagula that are taken from previous compositions, explain the composer’s use of the Supercollider programming language for digital signal processing and algorithmically generated audio, and examine the role of composition as a tool for self-reflection.
Are black holes totally black?
Creators: name: Grib, A. A.
name: Pavlov, Yu. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Geodesic completeness needs existence near the horizon of the black hole of "white hole" geodesics coming from the region inside of the horizon. Here we give the classification of all such geodesics with the energies $E/m \le 1$ for the Schwarzschild and Kerr's black hole. The collisions of particles moving along the "white hole" geodesics with those moving along "black hole" geodesics are considered. Formulas for the increase of the energy of collision in the centre of mass frame are obtained and the possibility of observation of high energy particles arriving from the black hole to the Earth is discussed.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure
A genetically encoded photoactivatable Rac controls the motility of living cells
Creators: name: Jaehrig, Angelika
name: Kuhlman, Brian
name: Schlichting, Ilme
name: Frey, Daniel
name: Wu, Yi I.
name: Lungu, Oana I.
name: Hahn, Klaus M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The precise spatio-temporal dynamics of protein activity are often critical in determining cell behaviour, yet for most proteins they remain poorly understood; it remains difficult to manipulate protein activity at precise times and places within living cells. Protein activity has been controlled by light, through protein derivatization with photocleavable moieties1 or using photoreactive small molecule ligands2. However, this requires use of toxic UV wavelengths, activation is irreversible, and/or cell loading is accomplished via disruption of the cell membrane (i.e. through microinjection). We have developed a new approach to produce genetically-encoded photo-activatable derivatives of Rac1, a key GTPase regulating actin cytoskeletal dynamics3,4. Rac1 mutants were fused to the photoreactive LOV (light oxygen voltage) domain from phototropin5,6, sterically blocking Rac1 interactions until irradiation unwound a helix linking LOV to Rac1. Photoactivatable Rac1 (PA-Rac1) could be reversibly and repeatedly activated using 458 or 473 nm light to generate precisely localized cell protrusions and ruffling. Localized Rac activation or inactivation was sufficient to produce cell motility and control the direction of cell movement. Myosin was involved in Rac control of directionality but not in Rac-induced protrusion, while PAK was required for Rac-induced protrusion. PA-Rac1 was used to elucidate Rac regulation of RhoA in cell motility. Rac and Rho coordinate cytoskeletal behaviours with seconds and submicron precision7,8. Their mutual regulation remains controversial9, with data indicating that Rac inhibits and/or activates Rho10,11. Rac was shown to inhibit RhoA in living cells, with inhibition modulated at protrusions and ruffles. A PA-Rac crystal structure and modelling revealed LOV-Rac interactions that will facilitate extension of this photoactivation approach to other proteins.
Fish larvae and the management of regulated rivers
Creators: name: Humphries, Paul
name: Lake, P. S
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: La Trobe University Faculty of Science, Technology and Engineering Murray Darling Freshwater Research Centre

MDFRC item.

Alterations to the natural hydrologic regime in regulated rivers can disrupt cues that initiate the maturation and spawning of riverine fish, or they can change the conditions which are suitable for the recruitment of larvae into juvenile populations. Observations of fish larvae have the potential to provide insights into the effects of flow regulation, showing whether it has had a greater impact on fish by preventing spawning or by reducing or eliminating recruitment. We investigated historical and current records of native fish in the highly regulated Campaspe River and the moderately regulated Broken River, Murray-Darling Basin, Australia, and compared these with the results from sampling of fish larvae over three consecutive years to assess the likely impact that river regulation has had on fish populations in lowland Australian rivers. Of the 12 native species of fish that have been recorded historically from the Campaspe River, eight still occur, generally in low abundance, but only three of these were recorded as larvae in this experiment. From recent records, ten native fish species are extant in the Broken River from a suite of 15 that have been recorded there; of these, nine were collected as larvae. The presence of Murray cod larvae in this river was a significant finding. Thus, the less regulated Broken River is in a much healthier state than the Campaspe River. The results of sampling in both rivers indicated that most species of fish spawned each year, despite high inter-annual variation in antecedent hydrological conditions. This suggests that for the species present in these two rivers, the hydrology (pattern of daily discharge) during the winter and spring preceding breeding was unlikely to be a cue for final maturation and spawning. These findings are only preliminary, but they may show that river regulation has had more of an impact on post-spawning recruitment than on prevention of spawning. This has important implicatons for the remediation of the effects of river regulation, with targeting of recruitment processes and the factors influencing these, a priority.
THE IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON SOCIAL FUCNTIONING, NEGATIVE AFFECT, AND PARANOID IDEATION
Creators: name: Orth, Ryan Daniel
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Clinical psychology

description: The COVID-19 pandemic has contributed to significant increases in mental health symptoms among the general population. Given greater levels of social isolation prior to the pandemic and an increased vulnerability to stress, those with psychosis spectrum disorders may be especially susceptible to the mental health impacts of the pandemic. Yet very few studies exploring the impact of the pandemic on social functioning and mental health have included individuals with psychosis spectrum disorders. Utilizing data gathered from a transdiagnostic sample of individuals spanning the spectrum of psychosis, the current study investigated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on perceptions of interpersonal relationships and symptomatology. Results indicated that perceived rejection and hostility were greater during COVID compared to pre-COVID levels and that average and high levels of negative COVID-related impacts helped to maintain levels of perceived hostility from pre-COVID levels. Analyses also found a relation between the number of negative COVID-related impacts and lower social support, greater social distress, greater negative affect, and greater paranoid ideation during the pandemic. Contrary to expectations, symptoms during the pandemic were not predicted by social resources before the pandemic and paranoid ideation did not change compared to pre-COVID levels. However, persecutory paranoid ideation was related to more negative perceptions of the government’s response to COVID. These findings demonstrate how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted perceptions of social relationships and symptomatology among those with psychosis spectrum disorders and raise concerns that those high in paranoid ideation may be less willing to engage in government mandated protective health behaviors designed to limit the spread of COVID-19.
The Effect of Multiple Conduction Bands on High Harmonic Emission from Dielectrics
Creators: name: Hawkins, Peter G.
name: Ivanov, Misha Yu.
name: Yakovlev, Vladislav S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find that, for sufficiently strong mid-IR fields, transitions between different conduction bands play an important role in the generation of high-order harmonics in a dielectric. The transitions make a significant contribution to the harmonic signal, and they can create a single effective band for the motion of an electron wave packet. We show how high harmonic spectra produced during the interaction of ultrashort laser pulses with periodic solids provide a spectroscopic tool for understanding the effective band structure that controls electron dynamics in these media.
Ljania Thor 1898
Creators: name: Smit, Harry
name: Pešić, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Axonopsidae
Ljania

description: Genus Ljania Thor, 1898
Diagnosis (after Cook 1974, revised): Characters of subfamily Axonopsinae. Dorsal shield complete, with a pair of distinct or indistinct posterolateral indentations. Suture lines of coxae either distinct or obliterated. Genital field with three pairs of acetabula, fused with ventral shield in males but on separate plates in female. A distinct ridge present anterolaterally from insertion of fourth legs. Opening for insertion of fourth legs without apparent condyles or projections. Posterolateral suture lines of fourth coxae may be complete or completely absent. Excretory pore lying on a distinct tubercle. Palp without projections or heavy ventral setae. Legs without sexual dimorphism; distal segments of first leg with a reduced setation, first leg longer than second leg.
Species of the genus Ljania are reported from Europe, Japan, Russian Far East, South Korea and North America (Imamura 1956, Cook 1974, Kim & Chung 1996, Tuzovskij 2012). The records presented in this paper are the first from the Oriental region, and require an emendation of the genus as given by Cook (1974).
description: Published as part of Smit, Harry & Pešić, Vladimir, 2014, Water mites from Mount Kinabalu and the Crocker Range, Borneo, Malaysia (Acari: Hydrachnidia), with the description of 34 new species, pp. 1-71 in Zootaxa 3876 (1) on page 60, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3876.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/287281
Quench between a Mott insulator and a Lieb-Liniger liquid
Creators: name: Goldstein, G.
name: Andrei, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we study a quench between a Mott insulator and a repulsive Lieb-Liniger liquid. We find explicitly the stationary state when a long time has passed after the quench. It is given by a GGE density matrix which we completely characterize, calculating the quasiparticle density describing the system after the quench. In the long time limit we find an explicit form for the local three body density density density correlation function and the asymptotic long distance limit of the density density correlation function. The later is shown to have a Gaussian decay at large distances.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Additional file 1 of Exploring the cultural effects of gender on perceptions of cutaneous leishmaniasis: a systematic literature review
Creators: name: Wenning, Brianne
name: Price, Helen
name: Nuwangi, Hasara
name: Reda, Kelemework Tafere
name: Walters, Ben
name: Ehsanullah, Reem
name: Viana, Greice
name: Andras, Alina
name: Dikomitis, Lisa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Search strategy for Academic Search Complete.
Optical Properties of (162173) 1999 JU3: In Preparation for the JAXA Hayabusa 2 Sample Return Mission
Creators: name: Ishiguro, Masateru
name: Kuroda, Daisuke
name: Hasegawa, Sunao
name: Kim, Myung-Jin
name: Choi, Young-Jun
name: Moskovitz, Nicholas
name: Abe, Shinsuke
name: Pan, Kang-Sian
name: Takahashi, Jun
name: Takagi, Yuhei
name: Arai, Akira
name: Tokimasa, Noritaka
name: Hsieh, Henry H.
name: Thomas-Osip, Joanna E.
name: Osip, David J.
name: Abe, Masanao
name: Yoshikawa, Makoto
name: Urakawa, Seitaro
name: Hanayama, Hidekazu
name: Sekiguchi, Tomohiko
name: Wada, Kohei
name: Sumi, Takahiro
name: Tristram, Paul J.
name: Furusawa, Kei
name: Abe, Fumio
name: Fukui, Akihiko
name: Nagayama, Takahiro
name: Warjurkar, Dhanraj S.
name: Rau, Arne
name: Greiner, Jochen
name: Schady, Patricia
name: Knust, Fabian
name: Usui, Fumihiko
name: Mueller, Thomas G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the magnitude-phase relation of (162173) 1999 JU3, a target asteroid for the JAXA Hayabusa 2 sample return mission. We initially employed the international Astronomical Union's H-G formalism but found that it fits less well using a single set of parameters. To improve the inadequate fit, we employed two photometric functions, the Shevchenko and Hapke functions. With the Shevchenko function, we found that the magnitude-phase relation exhibits linear behavior in a wide phase angle range (alpha = 5-75 deg) and shows weak nonlinear opposition brightening at alpha< 5 deg, providing a more reliable absolute magnitude of Hv = 19.25 +- 0.03. The phase slope (0.039 +- 0.001 mag/deg) and opposition effect amplitude (parameterized by the ratio of intensity at alpha=0.3 deg to that at alpha=5 deg, I(0.3)/I(5)=1.31+-0.05) are consistent with those of typical C-type asteroids. We also attempted to determine the parameters for the Hapke model, which are applicable for constructing the surface reflectance map with the Hayabusa 2 onboard cameras. Although we could not constrain the full set of Hapke parameters, we obtained possible values, w=0.041, g=-0.38, B0=1.43, and h=0.050, assuming a surface roughness parameter theta=20 deg. By combining our photometric study with a thermal model of the asteroid (Mueller et al. in preparation), we obtained a geometric albedo of pv = 0.047 +- 0.003, phase integral q = 0.32 +- 0.03, and Bond albedo AB = 0.014 +- 0.002, which are commensurate with the values for common C-type asteroids.
description: 27 pages, 4 figure, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Acoustic interaction forces between small particles in an ideal fluid
Creators: name: Silva, Glauber T.
name: Bruus, Henrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical expression for the acoustic interaction force between small spherical particles suspended in an ideal fluid exposed to an external acoustic wave. The acoustic interaction force is the part of the acoustic radiation force on one given particle involving the scattered waves from the other particles. The particles, either compressible liquid droplets or elastic microspheres, are considered to be much smaller than the acoustic wavelength. In this so-called Rayleigh limit, the acoustic interaction forces between the particles are well approximated by gradients of pair-interaction potentials with no restriction on the inter-particle distance. The theory is applied to studies of the acoustic interaction force on a particle suspension in either standing or traveling plane waves. The results show aggregation regions along the wave propagation direction, while particles may attract or repel each other in the transverse direction. In addition, a mean-field approximation is developed to describe the acoustic interaction force in an emulsion of oil droplets in water.
description: 11 pages, 5 eps figures, RevTex 4.1
Weiterbildungsrecht
Creators: name: Grotlüschen, Anke
name: Haberzeth, Erik
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Weiterbildungsrecht
Internationales und Europarecht
Bundesrecht
Weiterbildungsgesetze
Bildungsurlaub

description: Recht ist für die Gestaltung des Weiterbildungsbereichs von zentraler Bedeutung. Es besteht eine Vielzahl rechtlicher Regelungen auf unterschiedlichen Ebenen (Bund, Land etc.). Absicht des Beitrags ist, diese Komplexität einzufangen und einen Überblick über rechtliche Bestimmungen zu geben, die den Lernbereich Weiterbildung besonders prägen.
description: +repphzhbib2018F
Architecture and secondary structure of an entire HIV-1 RNA genome
Creators: name: Watts, Joseph M.
name: Dang, Kristen K.
name: Bess Jr, Julian W.
name: Leonard, Christopher W.
name: Burch, Christina L.
name: Weeks, Kevin M.
name: Swanstrom, Ronald
name: Gorelick, Robert J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Single-stranded RNA viruses encompass broad classes of infectious agents and cause the common cold, cancer, AIDS, and other serious health threats. Viral replication is regulated at many levels, including using conserved genomic RNA structures. Most potential regulatory elements within viral RNA genomes are uncharacterized. Here we report the structure of an entire HIV-1 genome at single nucleotide resolution using SHAPE, a high-throughput RNA analysis technology. The genome encodes protein structure at two levels. In addition to the correspondence between RNA and protein primary sequences, a correlation exists between high levels of RNA structure and sequences that encode inter-domain loops in HIV proteins. This correlation suggests RNA structure modulates ribosome elongation to promote native protein folding. Some simple genome elements previously shown to be important, including the ribosomal gag-pol frameshift stem-loop, are components of larger RNA motifs. We also identify organizational principles for unstructured RNA regions. Highly used splice acceptors lie in unstructured motifs and hypervariable regions are sequestered from flanking genome regions by stable insulator helices. These results emphasize that the HIV-1 genome and, potentially, many coding RNAs are punctuated by numerous previously unrecognized regulatory motifs and that extensive RNA structure may constitute an additional level of the genetic code.
Granite outcrop pools in south-western Australia: foci of diversification and refugia for aquatic invertebrates
Creators: name: Pinder, A. M
name: Halse, S. A
name: Shiel, R. J
name: McRae, J. M
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: La Trobe University Faculty of Science, Technology and Engineering Murray Darling Freshwater Research Centre

MDFRC item.

Pools and streams on granite outcrops in south-western Australia are reliably filled, but highly seasonal, freshwater habitats that support a diverse array of aquatic invertebrates. A recent biological survey of the wheatbelt has more than doubled the number of invertebrates, to at least 230 species, known from these habitats. Granite outcrops contribute significantly to endemism in the aquatic fauna of the inland south-west and have particular conservation value for about 50 species, mostly rotifers, microcrustaceans, phreodrilid oligochaetes and chironomid midges, restricted to them. Outcrops may also be important for the wider aquatic invertebrate fauna as a freshwater habitat, if salinity in the Western Australian wheatbelt continues to increase.
On the probability distribution function of the mass surface density of molecular clouds. II
Creators: name: Fischera, Jörg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The probability distribution function (PDF) of the mass surface density of molecular clouds provides essential information about the structure of molecular cloud gas and condensed structures out of which stars may form. In general, the PDF shows two basic components: a broad distribution around the maximum with resemblance to a log-normal function, and a tail at high mass surface densities attributed to turbulence and self-gravity. In a previous paper, the PDF of condensed structures has been analyzed and an analytical formula presented based on a truncated radial density profile, $ρ(r) = ρ_c/(1+(r/r_0)^2)^{n/2}$ with central density $ρ_c$ and inner radius $r_0$, widely used in astrophysics as a generalization of physical density profiles. In this paper, the results are applied to analyze the PDF of self-gravitating, isothermal, pressurized, spherical (Bonnor-Ebert spheres) and cylindrical condensed structures with emphasis on the dependence of the PDF on the external pressure $p_{ext}$ and on the overpressure $q^{-1} =p_c /p_{ext}$, where $p_c$ is the central pressure. Apart from individual clouds, we also consider ensembles of spheres or cylinders, where effects caused by a variation of pressure ratio, a distribution of condensed cores within a turbulent gas, and (in case of cylinders) a distribution of inclination angles on the mean PDF are analyzed. The probability distribution of pressure ratios $q^{-1}$ is assumed to be given by $P(q^{-1}) \propto q^{-k_1}/(1+(q_0/q)^γ)^{(k_1+k_2)/γ}$, where $k_1$, $γ$, $k_2$, and $q_0$ are fixed parameters.
description: 24 pages, 14 figures
Additional file 2 of Exploring the cultural effects of gender on perceptions of cutaneous leishmaniasis: a systematic literature review
Creators: name: Wenning, Brianne
name: Price, Helen
name: Nuwangi, Hasara
name: Reda, Kelemework Tafere
name: Walters, Ben
name: Ehsanullah, Reem
name: Viana, Greice
name: Andras, Alina
name: Dikomitis, Lisa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Search strategy for CINAHL Plus.
A WISE view of novae. I. The data
Creators: name: Evans, A.
name: Gehrz, R. D.
name: Woodward, C. E.
name: Helton, L. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of data-mining the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) archive for data on classical and recurrent novae. We find that the detections are consistent with dust emission, line emission, emission by a stellar photosphere, or a combination of these. Of the 36 novae detected in one or more WISE bands, 16 are detected in all four; thirty-one known novae are not detected by WISE. We also searched for WISE data on post-WISE novae, to gain information about nova progenitors. In this first paper we consider only the WISE data. In future papers we will provide a more detailed modelling of the WISE data, and discuss WISE data on post-WISE novae - including their variability - and will complement the WISE data with data from other IR surveys.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
CCR3 is a target for age-related macular degeneration diagnosis and therapy
Creators: name: Budd, Steven J.
name: Kleinman, Mark E.
name: Humbles, Alison A.
name: Baffi, Judit Z.
name: Nozaki, Miho
name: Yamada, Kiyoshi
name: Hartnett, M. Elizabeth
name: Ishibashi, Tatsuro
name: Geisen, Pete
name: Dridi, Sami
name: Wright, John D.
name: Munitz, Ariel
name: Ogura, Yuichiro
name: Pan, Yuzhen
name: Saito, Kuniharu
name: Takeda, Atsunobu
name: Green, Martha G.
name: Cho, Won Gil
name: Smith, Justine R.
name: Ambati, Balamurali K.
name: Rothenberg, Marc E.
name: Ambati, Jayakrishna
name: Raisler, Brian J.
name: Gerard, Craig J.
name: Kaneko, Hiroki
name: Grisanti, Salvatore
name: Albuquerque, Romulo J. C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a leading cause of blindness worldwide, is as prevalent as cancer in industrialized nations. Most blindness in AMD results from invasion of the retina by choroidal neovascularisation (CNV). Here we show that the eosinophil/mast cell chemokine receptor CCR3 is specifically expressed in choroidal neovascular endothelial cells in humans with AMD, and that despite the expression of its ligands eotaxin-1, -2 and -3, neither eosinophils nor mast cells are present in human CNV. Genetic or pharmacological targeting of CCR3 or eotaxins inhibited injury-induced CNV in mice. CNV suppression by CCR3 blockade was due to direct inhibition of endothelial cell proliferation, and was uncoupled from inflammation because it occurred in mice lacking eosinophils or mast cells, and was independent of macrophage and neutrophil recruitment. CCR3 blockade was more effective at reducing CNV than vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) neutralization, which is in clinical use at present, and, unlike VEGF-A blockade, is not toxic to the mouse retina. In vivo imaging with CCR3-targeting quantum dots located spontaneous CNV invisible to standard fluorescein angiography in mice before retinal invasion. CCR3 targeting might reduce vision loss due to AMD through early detection and therapeutic angioinhibition.
Growth of Ceratium hirundinella in a subtropical Australian reservoir: the role of vertical migration
Creators: name: Whittington, John
name: Sherman, Bradford
name: Green, Damian
name: Oliver, Roderick L
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: La Trobe University Faculty of Science, Technology and Engineering Murray Darling Freshwater Research Centre

MDFRC item.

A study into the photophysiology, growth and migration of Ceratium hirundinella in Chaffey Reservoir in subtropical northern New South Wales, Australia, revealed that a proportion of cells formed subsurface accumulations at depths that optimized light intensity (212–552 µmol photons m–2 s–1) for photosynthesis and cell growth. At high incident irradiance, Ceratium migrated downwards from the near-surface waters, avoiding high-light-induced, slow-recovering non-photochemical quenching of photosystem II. Overnight deepening of the surface mixed layer by convective cooling produced homogeneous distributions of Ceratium with a significant proportion of the population below the depth where light saturation of photosynthesis occurred. Ceratium migrated towards the surface from suboptimal light intensities, at a velocity of 1.6–2.7 x 10–4 m s–1. Subsurface accumulations occurred under a variety of turbulence intensities; however, accumulation was significantly reduced when the turbulent velocity scale in the mixed layer was >5 x 10–3 m s–1, beyond which turbulent diffusion dominated advection by swimming. The formation of subsurface accumulations with increased computed water column integral photosynthesis by 35% compared to a uniform cell distribution.
Additional file 3 of Exploring the cultural effects of gender on perceptions of cutaneous leishmaniasis: a systematic literature review
Creators: name: Wenning, Brianne
name: Price, Helen
name: Nuwangi, Hasara
name: Reda, Kelemework Tafere
name: Walters, Ben
name: Ehsanullah, Reem
name: Viana, Greice
name: Andras, Alina
name: Dikomitis, Lisa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3. Search strategy for EBSCO.
Common genetic variants on 5p14.1 associate with autism spectrum disorders
Creators: name: Sweeney, John A.
name: Klin, Ami
name: Chiavacci, Rosetta
name: Hou, Cuiping
name: Dong, Hongmei
name: Sonnenblick, Lisa I.
name: Estes, Annette
name: Owley, Thomas
name: Rappaport, Eric
name: Abrahams, Brett S.
name: Kim, Cecilia E.
name: Lajonchere, Clara M.
name: Sleiman, Patrick M. A.
name: Sigman, Marian
name: Munson, Jeffrey
name: Alvarez Retuerto, Ana I.
name: Zhang, Haitao
name: Wang, Kai
name: Imielinski, Marcin
name: Ma, Deqiong
name: Bradfield, Jonathan P.
name: Glessner, Joseph T.
name: Salyakina, Daria
name: Takahashi, Nagahide
name: Sakurai, Takeshi
name: Frackelton, Edward
name: Herman, Edward I.
name: Hutman, Ted
name: Bucan, Maja
name: Piven, Joseph
name: Korvatska, Olena
name: Ozonoff, Sally
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) represent a group of childhood neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders characterized by deficits in verbal communication, impairment of social interaction, and restricted and repetitive patterns of interests and behaviour. To identify common genetic risk factors underlying ASDs, here we present the results of genome-wide association studies on a cohort of 780 families (3,101 subjects) with affected children, and a second cohort of 1,204 affected subjects and 6,491 control subjects, all of whom were of European ancestry. Six single nucleotide polymorphisms between cadherin 10 (CDH10) and cadherin 9 (CDH9)—two genes encoding neuronal cell-adhesion molecules—revealed strong association signals, with the most significant SNP being rs4307059 (P = 3.4 × 10−8, odds ratio = 1.19). These signals were replicated in two independent cohorts, with combined P values ranging from 7.4 × 10−8 to 2.1 × 10−10. Our results implicate neuronal cell-adhesion molecules in the pathogenesis of ASDs, and represent, to our knowledge, the first demonstration of genome-wide significant association of common variants with susceptibility to ASDs.
A Parallel Stochastic Approximation Method for Nonconvex Multi-Agent Optimization Problems
Creators: name: Yang, Yang
name: Scutari, Gesualdo
name: Palomar, Daniel P.
name: Pesavento, Marius
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Consider the problem of minimizing the expected value of a (possibly nonconvex) cost function parameterized by a random (vector) variable, when the expectation cannot be computed accurately (e.g., because the statistics of the random variables are unknown and/or the computational complexity is prohibitive). Classical sample stochastic gradient methods for solving this problem may empirically suffer from slow convergence. In this paper, we propose for the first time a stochastic parallel Successive Convex Approximation-based (best-response) algorithmic framework for general nonconvex stochastic sum-utility optimization problems, which arise naturally in the design of multi-agent systems. The proposed novel decomposition enables all users to update their optimization variables in parallel by solving a sequence of strongly convex subproblems, one for each user. Almost surely convergence to stationary points is proved. We then customize our algorithmic framework to solve the stochastic sum rate maximization problem over Single-Input-Single-Output (SISO) frequency-selective interference channels, multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) interference channels, and MIMO multiple-access channels. Numerical results show that our algorithms are much faster than state-of-the-art stochastic gradient schemes while achieving the same (or better) sum-rates.
description: Part of this work has been presented at IEEE SPAWC 2013
Coordination of Rho GTPase activities during cell protrusion
Creators: name: Hodgson, Louis
name: Abell, Amy
name: Welch, Christopher
name: Hahn, Klaus M.
name: Machacek, Matthias
name: Elliott, Hunter
name: Danuser, Gaudenz
name: Pertz, Olivier
name: Johnson, Gary L.
name: Nalbant, Perihan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The GTPases Rac1, RhoA and Cdc42 act in concert to control cytoskeleton dynamics1-3. Recent biosensor studies have shown that all three GTPases are activated at the front of migrating cells4-7 and biochemical evidence suggests that they may regulate one another: Cdc42 can activate Rac18, and Rac1 and RhoA are mutually inhibitory9-12. However, their spatiotemporal coordination, at the seconds and single micron dimensions typical of individual protrusion events, remains unknown. Here, we examine GTPase coordination both through simultaneous visualization of two GTPase biosensors and using a “computational multiplexing” approach capable of defining the relationships between multiple protein activities visualized in separate experiments. We found that RhoA is activated at the cell edge synchronous with edge advancement, whereas Cdc42 and Rac1 are activated 2 μm behind the edge with a delay of 40 sec. This indicates that Rac1 and RhoA operate antagonistically through spatial separation and precise timing, and that RhoA plays a role in the initial events of protrusion, while Rac1 and Cdc42 activate pathways implicated in reinforcement and stabilization of newly expanded protrusions.
Quantum Gibbs ensemble Monte Carlo
Creators: name: Fantoni, Riccardo
name: Moroni, Saverio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a path integral Monte Carlo method which is the full quantum analogue of the Gibbs ensemble Monte Carlo method of Panagiotopoulos to study the gas-liquid coexistence line of a classical fluid. Unlike previous extensions of Gibbs ensemble Monte Carlo to include quantum effects, our scheme is viable even for systems with strong quantum delocalization in the degenerate regime of temperature. This is demonstrated by an illustrative application to the gas-superfluid transition of $^4$He in two dimensions.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables
Evidence of Xist RNA-independent initiation of mouse imprinted X-chromosome inactivation
Creators: name: Bowen, Randall Bryant
name: Starmer, Joshua
name: Magnuson, Terry
name: Purushothaman, Sonya
name: Kalantry, Sundeep
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: SummaryXX female mammals undergo transcriptional silencing of most genes on one of their two X-chromosomes to equalize X-linked gene dosage with XY males in a process referred to as X-chromosome inactivation (XCI). XCI is a paradigm of epigenetic regulation1. Once enacted in individual cells of the early female embryo, XCI is stably transmitted such that most descendant cells maintain silencing of that X-chromosome2. In eutherian mammals, XCI is thought to be triggered by the expression of the non-coding Xist RNA from the future inactive-X (Xi)3,4,5; Xist RNA in turn is proposed to recruit protein complexes that bring about heterochromatinization of the Xi6,7. Here we test whether imprinted XCI, which results in preferential inactivation of the paternal X-chromosome (Xp), occurs in mouse embryos inheriting an Xp lacking Xist. We find that silencing of Xp-linked genes can initiate in the absence of paternal Xist; Xist is, however, required to stabilize silencing of the Xp. Xp-linked gene silencing associated with mouse imprinted XCI, therefore, can initiate in the embryo independently of Xist RNA.
Nucleotides released by apoptotic cells act as a find-me signal to promote phagocytic clearance
Creators: name: Sharma, Poonam
name: Park, Daeho
name: Walk, Scott F.
name: Ravichandran, Kodi S.
name: Leitinger, Norbert
name: Ostankovich, Marina
name: Elliott, Michael R.
name: Chekeni, Faraaz B.
name: Trampont, Paul C.
name: Lysiak, Jeffrey J.
name: Lazarowski, Eduardo R.
name: Woodson, Robin I.
name: Harden, T. Kendall
name: Kadl, Alexandra
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Phagocytic removal of apoptotic cells occurs efficiently in vivo such that even in tissues with significant apoptosis, very few apoptotic cells are detectable1. This is thought to be due to the release of find-me signals by apoptotic cells that recruit motile phagocytes such as monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells, leading to the prompt clearance of the dying cells2. However, the identity and in vivo relevance of such find-me signals are not well understood. Here, through several lines of evidence, we identify extracellular nucleotides as a critical apoptotic cell find-me signal. We demonstrate the caspase-dependent release of ATP and UTP (in equimolar quantities) during the early stages of apoptosis by primary thymocytes and cell lines. Purified nucleotides at these concentrations were sufficient to induce monocyte recruitment comparable to apoptotic cell supernatants. Enzymatic removal of ATP and UTP (by apyrase or ectopic CD39 expression) abrogated the ability of apoptotic cell supernatants to recruit monocytes in vitro and in vivo. We then identified the ATP/UTP receptor P2Y2 as a critical sensor of nucleotides released by apoptotic cells using RNAi depletion studies in monocytes, and macrophages from P2Y2-null mice3. The in vivo relevance of nucleotides in apoptotic cell clearance was revealed by two approaches. First, in a murine air-pouch model, apoptotic cell supernatants induced a three-fold greater recruitment of monocytes and macrophages compared to supernatants from healthy cells; this recruitment was abolished by depletion of nucleotides and significantly decreased in P2Y2−/− mice. Second, clearance of apoptotic thymocytes was significantly impaired by either depletion of nucleotides or interference with P2Y receptor function (by pharmacological inhibition, or in P2Y2−/− mice). These results identify nucleotides as a critical find-me cue released by apoptotic cells to promote P2Y2-dependent phagocyte recruitment, and provide strong evidence for a clear relationship between a find-me signal and efficient corpse clearance in vivo.