cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A mechanism denial study on the Madden‐Julian Oscillation
Creators: name: Kim, Daehyun
name: Sobel, Adam H.
name: Kang, In-Sik
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Madden-Julian oscillation
Atmospheric circulation--Models
Seasons
Meteorology
Atmospheric physics

description: A series of Madden‐Julian oscillation (MJO) mechanism‐denial experiments is performed using an atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM). Daily climatological seasonal cycles of i) surface latent heat flux, ii) net radiative heating rate, and iii) surface wind stress are obtained from a control simulation and prescribed in place of the normal interactive computations of these fields in order to turn off the i) wind‐induced surface heat exchange (WISHE), ii) cloud‐radiation interaction (CRI), and iii) frictional wave‐CISK (FWC) mechanisms, respectively. Dual and triple mechanism denial experiments are also conducted by switching off multiple mechanisms together. The influence of each mechanism is assessed by comparing experiments with that mechanism turned off to those in which it is not. CRI and WISHE are both found to be important to the simulated MJO amplitude and propagation speed, while FWC has weaker and less systematic effects. The MJO is weakened when CRI is turned off, but strengthened when WISHE is turned off, indicating that CRI amplifies the MJO in the control simulation while WISHE weakens it. The negative influence of WISHE is shown to result from simulated phase relationships between surface winds, surface fluxes and convection which differ significantly from those found in observations, and thus is not interpreted as evidence against a positive role for WISHE in the development and maintenance of the observed MJO. The positive influence of CRI in the model is consistent with a strong simulated relationship between daily grid‐point column‐integrated radiative and convective heating; the mean ratio of the latter to the former exceeds 0.2 for rain rates less than 14 mm d−1. CRI is also shown to suppress an excessive excitation of the convectively coupled Kelvin wave so that the amplitude and frequency of the MJO is maintained.
Studies on the Effects of Carbon Nanomaterials and Efflux Pump Inhibitors on Biofilm Formation and Lipid Biosynthesis in Mycobacterium smegmatis
Creators: name: Gunda, Rashmika
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310702
subject: Infectious agents
classificationCode: 310101
subject: Analytical biochemistry

description: Tuberculosis remains a global health challenge, ranking as the second leading cause of mortality worldwide in 2022. The resilience of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis, is enhanced by the high expression of efflux pumps that confer antibiotic tolerance and the formation of biofilms that confer resistance to antibiotics. Carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) exhibit a broad-spectrum of antibacterial efficacy, making them promising candidates for combating drug-resistant bacterial strains. The effects of the novel carbon allotropes called fullertubes (C90) on any living cell have not been studied. In our study, we employed Mycobacterium smegmatis as a model organism for M. tuberculosis and exposed it to fullertubes and fullerenes. We explored the impact of these CNMs on efflux activity and biofilm formation through biochemical assays like ethidium bromide transport assay and crystal violet assay. We also investigated their impact on lipid biosynthesis associated with log-phase growth and biofilm formation using metabolic radiolabeling studies. We also investigated the effects of the efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs) piperine, berberine, 1-(1-naphthylmethyl)-piperazine and thioridazine on efflux activity, biofilm formation, and lipid biosynthesis associated with log-phase growth and biofilm formation in M. smegmatis. We utilized metabolic radiolabeling methods using 14C-palmitic acid and 14C-acetic acid which are precursors of lipid biosynthesis and analyzed the lipids by silica-thin layer chromatography and autoradiography. Our studies revealed that CNMs do not influence efflux activity. However, efflux pump inhibitors effectively block efflux activity in M. smegmatis. Biofilm formation was decreased by CNMs and EPIs. In biofilm cells, fullertubes increased the incorporation of radiolabeled 14C-palmitic acid into glycopeptidolipids on the cell surface as well as inside the cell. Piperine and berberine affected the incorporation of the radiolabels into lipids such as trehalose monomycolate, phosphatidylethanolamine and cardiolipin in planktonic and biofilm cells. Our study provides insights into the diverse effects of CNMs and efflux pump inhibitors on M. smegmatis.
White Arctic vs. Blue Arctic: A case study of diverging stakeholder responses to environmental change
Creators: name: Newton, Robert
name: Pfirman, Stephanie L.
name: Schlosser, Peter
name: Tremblay, Bruno
name: Murray, Maribeth
name: Pomerance, Rafe
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Environmental responsibility
Ice sheets
Sea ice
Climatic changes--Social aspects

description: Recent trends and climate models suggest that the Arctic summer sea ice cover is likely to be lost before climate interventions can stabilize it. There are environmental, socioeconomic, and sociocultural arguments for, but also against, restoring and sustaining current conditions. Even if global warming can be reversed, some people will experience ice‐free summers before perennial sea ice begins to return. We ask: How will future generations feel about bringing sea ice back where they have not experienced it before? How will conflicted interests in ice‐covered vs. ice‐free conditions be resolved? What role will science play in these debates?
The Water‐Energy Nexus of Hydraulic Fracturing: A Global Hydrologic Analysis for Shale Oil and Gas Extraction
Creators: name: Rosa, Lorenzo
name: Cristina Rulli, Maria
name: Davis, Kyle Frankel
name: D'Odorico, Paolo
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Oil-shales
Oil wells--Hydraulic fracturing
Water use--Management
Water use--Environmental aspects
Natural resources—Management

description: Shale deposits are globally abundant and widespread. Extraction of shale oil and shale gas is generally performed through water‐intensive hydraulic fracturing. Despite recent work on its environmental impacts, it remains unclear where and to what extent shale resource extraction could compete with other water needs. Here we consider the global distribution of known shale deposits suitable for oil and gas extraction and develop a water balance model to quantify their impacts on local water availability for other human uses and ecosystem functions. We find that 31–44% of the world's shale deposits are located in areas where water stress would either emerge or be exacerbated as a result of shale oil or gas extraction; 20% of shale deposits are in areas affected by groundwater depletion and 30% in irrigated land. In these regions shale oil and shale gas production would likely compete for local water resources with agriculture, environmental flows, and other water needs. By adopting a hydrologic perspective that considers water availability and demand together, decision makers and local communities can better understand the water and food security implications of shale resource development.
Increasing transnational sea‐ice exchange in a changing Arctic Ocean
Creators: name: Newton, Robert
name: Pfirman, Stephanie L.
name: Tremblay, Bruno
name: DeRepentigny, Patricia
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Sea ice drift--Mathematical models
Sea ice
Ocean currents--Mathematical models
Runoff

description: The changing Arctic sea‐ice cover is likely to impact the trans‐border exchange of sea ice between the exclusive economic zones (EEZs) of the Arctic nations, affecting the risk of ice‐rafted contamination. We apply the Lagrangian Ice Tracking System (LITS) to identify sea‐ice formation events and track sea ice to its melt locations. Most ice (52%) melts within 100 km of where it is formed; ca. 21% escapes from its EEZ. Thus, most contaminants will be released within an ice parcel's originating EEZ, while material carried by over 1 00,000 km2 of ice—an area larger than France and Germany combined—will be released to other nations' waters. Between the periods 1988–1999 and 2000–2014, sea‐ice formation increased by ∼17% (roughly 6 million km2 vs. 5 million km2 annually). Melting peaks earlier; freeze‐up begins later; and the central Arctic Ocean is more prominent in both formation and melt in the later period. The total area of ice transported between EEZs increased, while transit times decreased: for example, Russian ice reached melt locations in other nations' EEZs an average of 46% faster while North American ice reached destinations in Eurasian waters an average of 37% faster. Increased trans‐border exchange is mainly a result of increased speed (∼14% per decade), allowing first‐year ice to escape the summer melt front, even as the front extends further north. Increased trans‐border exchange over shorter times is bringing the EEZs of the Arctic nations closer together, which should be taken into account in policy development—including establishment of marine‐protected areas.
cGMP-dependent Protein Kinase Inhibitors in Health and Disease
Creators: name: Wolfertstetter, Stefanie
name: Huettner, Johannes Philip
name: Schlossmann, Jens
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: cGMP; kinase; PKG; inhibitor
subject: 610 Medizin
subject: 615 Pharmazie

description: cGMP-dependent protein kinases (PKG) exhibit diverse physiological functions in the mammalian system e.g., in vascular and gastrointestinal smooth muscles, in platelets, in kidney, in bone growth, nociception and in the central nervous system. Furthermore, PKG were found in insects and in the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Two different genes of PKG exist: a) the PKG-I gene that is expressed as cytosolic PKG-Iα or PKG-Iβ isoform, and b) the PKG-II gene, which expresses the membrane associated PKG-II protein. The enzyme kinetics, the localization and the substrates of these PKG enzymes differ utilizing different physiological functions. Various inhibitors of PKG were developed directed against diverse functional regions of the kinase. These inhibitors of PKG have been used to analyse the specific functions of these enzymes. The review article will summarize these different inhibitors regarding their specificity and their present applications in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, it will be discussed that the distinct inhibition of the PKG enzymes could be used as a valuable pharmacological target e.g., in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, diarrhea, cancer or malaria.
Runaway Growth During Planet Formation: Explaining the Size Distribution of Large Kuiper Belt Objects
Creators: name: Schlichting, Hilke E.
name: Sari, Reem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Runway growth is an important stage in planet formation during which large protoplanets form, while most of the initial mass remains in small planetesimals. The amount of mass converted into large protoplanets and their resulting size distribution are not well understood. Here, we use analytic work, that we confirm by coagulation simulations, to describe runaway growth and the corresponding evolution of the velocity dispersion. We find that runaway growth proceeds as follows: Initially all the mass resides in small planetesimals, with mass surface density σ, and large protoplanets start to form by accreting small planetesimals. This growth continues until growth by merging large protoplanets becomes comparable to growth by planetesimal accretion. This condition sets in when Σ/σ~α^{3/4} ~ 10^{-3}, where Σis the mass surface density in protoplanets in a given logarithmic mass interval and αis the ratio of the size of a body to its Hill radius. From then on, protoplanetary growth and the evolution of the velocity dispersion become self-similar and Σremains roughly constant, since an increase in Σby accretion of small planetesimals is balanced by a decrease due to merging with large protoplanets. We show that this growth leads to a protoplanet size distribution given by N(>R) \propto R^{-3} where N(>R) is the number of objects with radii greater than R (i.e., a differential power-law index of 4). We apply our results to the Kuiper Belt, which is a relic of runaway growth. Our results successfully match the observed Kuiper belt size distribution, they illuminate the physical processes that shaped it and explain the total mass that is present in large Kuiper belt objects (KBOs) today. This work suggests that the current mass in large KBOs is primordial and that it has not been significantly depleted. Abridged
description: 13 pages, 7 figues
Fast Reinforcement Learning for Energy-Efficient Wireless Communications
Creators: name: Mastronarde, Nicholas
name: van der Schaar, Mihaela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the problem of energy-efficient point-to-point transmission of delay-sensitive data (e.g. multimedia data) over a fading channel. Existing research on this topic utilizes either physical-layer centric solutions, namely power-control and adaptive modulation and coding (AMC), or system-level solutions based on dynamic power management (DPM); however, there is currently no rigorous and unified framework for simultaneously utilizing both physical-layer centric and system-level techniques to achieve the minimum possible energy consumption, under delay constraints, in the presence of stochastic and a priori unknown traffic and channel conditions. In this report, we propose such a framework. We formulate the stochastic optimization problem as a Markov decision process (MDP) and solve it online using reinforcement learning. The advantages of the proposed online method are that (i) it does not require a priori knowledge of the traffic arrival and channel statistics to determine the jointly optimal power-control, AMC, and DPM policies; (ii) it exploits partial information about the system so that less information needs to be learned than when using conventional reinforcement learning algorithms; and (iii) it obviates the need for action exploration, which severely limits the adaptation speed and run-time performance of conventional reinforcement learning algorithms. Our results show that the proposed learning algorithms can converge up to two orders of magnitude faster than a state-of-the-art learning algorithm for physical layer power-control and up to three orders of magnitude faster than conventional reinforcement learning algorithms.
Causality-Violating Higgs Singlets at the LHC
Creators: name: Ho, Chiu Man
name: Weiler, Thomas J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a simple class of compactified five-dimensional metrics which admits closed timelike curves (CTCs), and derive the resulting CTCs as analytic solutions to the geodesic equations of motion. The associated Einstein tensor satisfies all the null, weak, strong and dominant energy conditions. In particular, no negative-energy "tachyonic" matter is required. In extra-dimensional models where gauge charges are bound to our brane, it is the Kaluza-Klein (KK) modes of gauge-singlets that may travel through the CTCs. From our brane point of view, many of these KK modes would appear to travel backward in time. We give a simple model in which time-traveling Higgs singlets can be produced by the LHC, either from decay of the Standard Model (SM) Higgs or through mixing with the SM Higgs. The signature of these time-traveling singlets is a secondary decay vertex pre-appearing before the primary vertex which produced them. The two vertices are correlated by momentum conservation. We demonstrate that pre-appearing vertices in the Higgs singlet-doublet mixing model may well be observable at the LHC.
description: 55 pages, 5 figures, v4: Version updated to include in single manuscript the contents of Erratum [Phys. Rev. D 88, 069901(E) (2013)], Reply [Phys. Rev. D 88, 068702 (2013)], Comment [Phys. Rev. D 88, 068701 (2013), arXiv:1302.1711], and original published article [Phys. Rev. D 87, 045004 (2013), arXiv:1103.1373]. Positive conclusions remain unchanged
University of Helsinki Data Management Plan guidance
Creators: name: UH Data Support
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Data Management Plan
DMP
Guidance
University of Helsinki
DMPTuuli

description: Guidance for writing data management plans at the University of Helsinki

The structure and the content follow the General Finnish DMP recommendations. The guidance text has been modified and tailored by the UH Data Support team.

Helsingin yliopiston aineistonhallinnan ohjeistus

Ohjeen rakenne ja sisältö noudattavat yleistä suomalaista aineistonhallinnan ohjeistusta, jonka pohjalta HY:n datatuki on muokannut ohjetta.
title: ВАРИАБЕЛЬНОСТЬ БИОХИМИЧЕСКИХ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ КРОВИ ПТИЦЫ  ПРИ ВКЛЮЧЕНИИ В РАЦИОН СЕЛЕФЛАНА
Creators: name: Гринь, Владимир Анатольевич
name: Семененко, Марина Петровна
name: Кузьминова, Елена Васильевна
name: Рогалева, Евгения Викторовна
Publisher: name: ФГБНУ КНЦЗВ
Year: 2021

description: В статье представлены результаты исследований по влиянию различных доз препарата селефлан на морфологические и биохимические показатели крови цыплят-бройлеров.
Random stable laminations of the disk
Creators: name: Kortchemski, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study large random dissections of polygons. We consider random dissections of a regular polygon with $n$ sides, which are chosen according to Boltzmann weights in the domain of attraction of a stable law of index $θ\in(1,2]$. As $n$ goes to infinity, we prove that these random dissections converge in distribution toward a random compact set, called the random stable lamination. If $θ=2$, we recover Aldous' Brownian triangulation. However, if $θ\in(1,2)$, large faces remain in the limit and a different random compact set appears. We show that the random stable lamination can be coded by the continuous-time height function associated to the normalized excursion of a strictly stable spectrally positive Lévy process of index $θ$. Using this coding, we establish that the Hausdorff dimension of the stable random lamination is almost surely $2-1/θ$.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/12-AOP799 the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Combinatorial theory of the semiclassical evaluation of transport moments I: Equivalence with the random matrix approach
Creators: name: Berkolaiko, Gregory
name: Kuipers, Jack
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematik
subject: 530 Physik

description: To study electronic transport through chaotic quantum dots, there are two main theoretical approachs. One involves substituting the quantum system with a random scattering matrix and performing appropriate ensemble averaging. The other treats the transport in the semiclassical approximation and studies correlations among sets of classical trajectories. There are established evaluation procedures within the semiclassical evaluation that, for several linear and non-linear transport moments to which they were applied, have always resulted in the agreement with random matrix predictions. We prove that this agreement is universal: any semiclassical evaluation within the accepted procedures is equivalent to the evaluation within random matrix theory. The equivalence is shown by developing a combinatorial interpretation of the trajectory sets as ribbon graphs (maps) with certain properties and exhibiting systematic cancellations among their contributions. Remaining trajectory sets can be identified with primitive (palindromic) factorisations whose number gives the coefficients in the corresponding expansion of the moments of random matrices. The equivalence is proved for systems with and without time reversal symmetry.
Magnetic dynamo action at low magnetic Prandtl numbers
Creators: name: Malyshkin, Leonid M.
name: Boldyrev, Stanislav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Amplification of magnetic field due to kinematic turbulent dynamo action is studied in the regime of small magnetic Prandtl numbers. Such a regime is relevant for planets and stars interiors, as well as for liquid metal laboratory experiments. A comprehensive analysis based on the Kazantsev-Kraichnan model is reported, which establishes the dynamo threshold and the dynamo growth rates for varying kinetic helicity of turbulent fluctuations. It is proposed that in contrast with the case of large magnetic Prandtl numbers, the kinematic dynamo action at small magnetic Prandtl numbers is significantly affected by kinetic helicity, and it can be made quite efficient with an appropriate choice of the helicity spectrum.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, accepted to Physical Review Letters
Environmental consequences of oil production from oil sands
Creators: name: Rosa, Lorenzo
name: Davis, Kyle Frankel
name: Cristina Rulli, Maria
name: D'Odorico, Paolo
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Oil sands--Environmental aspects
Petroleum
Forest conservation
Water use--Management

description: Crude oil from oil sands will constitute a substantial share of future global oil demand. Oil sands deposits account for a third of globally proven oil reserves, underlie large natural forested areas, and have extraction methods requiring large volumes of freshwater. Yet little work has been done to quantify some of the main environmental impacts of oil sands operations. Here we examine forest loss and water use for the world's major oil sands deposits. We calculate actual and potential rates of water use and forest loss both in Canadian deposits, where oil sands extraction is already taking place, and in other major deposits worldwide. We estimated that their exploitation, given projected production trends, could result in 1.31 km3 yr−1 of freshwater demand and 8700 km2 of forest loss. The expected escalation in oil sands extraction thus portends extensive environmental impacts.
High Absorbable Cassava Starch/Poly (vinyl alcohol) Sponge for Medical Applications
Creators: name: Pusita Kuchaiyaphum
Publisher: name: King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang
Year: 2019
Subjects: Cassava starch, Poly (vinyl alcohol), absorbable sponge, medical application

description: Current Applied Science and Technology, 19, 2, 89-101
Work loop dynamics of the pigeon (Columba livia) humerotriceps and its potential role for active wing morphing
Creators: name: Theriault, Jolan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Avian wings change shape during the flapping cycle due to the activity of a network of intrinsic wing muscles. Wing control is believed to be the key feature allowing birds to maneuver safely through different environments. One control aspect is elbow joint motion, which relates to wing folding for the upstroke and re-expansion for the downstroke. Muscle anatomy suggests that if the muscles are actuating then the biceps flex the elbow, and the two heads of the triceps, the humerotriceps and scapulotriceps, extend the elbow. This set of antagonist muscles could thus actively modulate wing shape by regulating elbow joint angle. Control of the elbow joint angle remains uncertain as motor elements can have diverse functions such as actuators, brakes, springs, and struts, where specific roles and their magnitudes depend on when muscles are activated in the contractile cycle. The wing muscles best studied during flight are the elbow muscles of the pigeon (Columba livia). In vivo studies during different flight modes revealed variation in strain profile, activation timing and duration, and in contractile cycle frequency of the humerotriceps. This variation suggests that the pigeon humerotriceps may alter wing shape in diverse ways. To test this hypothesis, I developed an in situ work loop technique to measure the performance of the pigeon humerotriceps. My experiments tested how activation duration and contractile cycle frequency influenced muscle work and power across the full range of activation onset times. I found that the humerotriceps generated net positive power over a narrow range of activation times. The humerotriceps produced predominantly net negative power, likely due to relatively long activation durations, indicating that it absorbs work, but the work loop shapes also suggest varying degrees of elasticity and resistance. I was unable to examine the effects of variation in strain profile because current work loop technology does not allow for this. Nonetheless, these results, when combined with previous in vivo studies, show that the humerotriceps can dynamically shift among roles of brake, spring, and strut, based on activation properties that vary with flight mode.
Intercomparison of cloud model simulations of Arctic mixed‐phase boundary layer clouds observed during SHEBA/FIRE‐ACE
Creators: name: Morrison, Hugh
name: Zuidema, Paquita
name: Ackerman, Andrew S.
name: Avramov, Alexander
name: De Boer, Gijs
name: Fan, Jiwen
name: Fridlind, Ann M.
name: Hashino, Tempei
name: Harrington, Jerry Y.
name: Luo, Yali
name: Ovchinnikov, Mikhail
name: Shipway, Ben
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Clouds--Models
Eddies--Simulation methods
Ice clouds
Meteorology
Atmospheric physics
Cloud physics

description: An intercomparison of six cloud‐resolving and large‐eddy simulation models is presented. This case study is based on observations of a persistent mixed‐phase boundary layer cloud gathered on 7 May, 1998 from the Surface Heat Budget of Arctic Ocean (SHEBA) and First ISCCP Regional Experiment ‐ Arctic Cloud Experiment (FIRE‐ACE). Ice nucleation is constrained in the simulations in a way that holds the ice crystal concentration approximately fixed, with two sets of sensitivity runs in addition to the baseline simulations utilizing different specified ice nucleus (IN) concentrations. All of the baseline and sensitivity simulations group into two distinct quasi‐steady states associated with either persistent mixed‐phase clouds or all‐ice clouds after the first few hours of integration, implying the existence of multiple states for this case. These two states are associated with distinctly different microphysical, thermodynamic, and radiative characteristics. Most but not all of the models produce a persistent mixed‐phase cloud qualitatively similar to observations using the baseline IN/crystal concentration, while small increases in the IN/crystal concentration generally lead to rapid glaciation and conversion to the all‐ice state. Budget analysis indicates that larger ice deposition rates associated with increased IN/crystal concentrations have a limited direct impact on dissipation of liquid in these simulations. However, the impact of increased ice deposition is greatly enhanced by several interaction pathways that lead to an increased surface precipitation flux, weaker cloud top radiative cooling and cloud dynamics, and reduced vertical mixing, promoting rapid glaciation of the mixed‐phase cloud for deposition rates in the cloud layer greater than about 1 − 2 × 10−5 g kg−1 s−1 for this case. These results indicate the critical importance of precipitation‐radiative‐dynamical interactions in simulating cloud phase, which have been neglected in previous fixed‐dynamical parcel studies of the cloud phase parameter space. Large sensitivity to the IN/crystal concentration also suggests the need for improved understanding of ice nucleation and its parameterization in models.
Synthesis and crystal structure determination of Ag9FeS4.1Te1.9, the first example of an iron containing argyrodite
Creators: name: Frank, D.
name: Gerke, B.
name: Eul, M.
name: Pöttgen, R.
name: Pfitzner, Arno
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie

description: Ag9FeS4.1Te1.9 was prepared by solid state synthesis from stoichiometric amounts of the elements at 873 K. The compound forms grey crystals which are stable against air and moisture. The crystal structure was determined by X-ray diffraction from selected single crystals. Ag9FeS4.1Te1.9 crystallizes in the space group F4¯3m, a = 11.0415(7) Å, V = 1346.1(1) Å3, and Z = 4 (powder data at 293 K). The compound shows a reversible phase transition upon cooling to the space group P213, a = 11.0213(1) Å, V = 1338.75(2) Å3, and Z = 4 (single crystal data at 200 K). The title compound is the first example of an iron containing argyrodite-type material with Fe3+ located in tetrahedral sites. Silver atoms are disordered at room temperature which was taken into account by non-harmonic refinement of the silver positions. The refinement converged to R1 = 3.51% and wR2 = 10.66% for the room temperature measurement and to R1 = 1.55% and wR2= 5.23% for the 200 K data set (all data). Impedance measurements were performed in the temperature range from 323 K to 473 K. Ionic conductivity values are 1.81*10-2 Scm-1 at 323 K and 1.41*10-1 Scm-1 at 468 K. The activation energy is 0.19 eV from 323 K to 423 K. and 0.06 eV from 393 K to 473 K. DTA measurements reveal congruent melting at 907 K. A phase transition temperature of 232 K with an enthalpy of 7.9 KJ/mole was determined by DSC measurements. 57Fe Mössbauer spectra show one signal at 298 K and a doublet at 78 K, indicating Fe3+ and structural distor-tions upon cooling the samples. Hyperfine field splitting of iron is observed at 5 K. Measurements of the molar susceptibility re-vealed that the compound is paramagnetic down to a Néel temperature of TN = 22.1(5) K. Antiferromagnetic ordering is observed at lower temperatures.
title: ГЕМАТОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ ЦЫПЛЯТ-БРОЙЛЕРОВ  ПРИ ЛЕЧЕНИИ СОЧЕТАННОГО МИКОТОКСИКОЗА
Creators: name: Долгов, Евгений Петрович
name: Василиади, Ольга Игоревна
name: Власенко, Артем Андреевич
Publisher: name: ФГБНУ КНЦЗВ
Year: 2021

description: Микотоксикозы относятся к наиболее экономически значимым проблемам со-временного птицеводства. В статье приведены данные по изучению влияния антитоксического препарата фибралин на морфологические показатели крови цыплят-бройлеров при сочетанном микотоксикозе. Установлено, что применение фибралина птице при экспериментальном воспроизведении микотоксикоза (сочетание Т-2 токсина и афлатоксина В1) приводит к снижению клинических проявлений интоксикации, увеличению сохранности бройлеров, а также обуславливает положительные изменения гематологических показателей крови.
Construction graphique d'entrepôts et de magasins de données
Creators: name: Bret, Frédéric
name: Teste, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Nowadays, decisional systems have became a significant research topic in databases. Data warehouses and data marts are the main elements of such systems. This paper presents our decisional support system. We present graphical interfaces which help the administrator to build data warehouses and data marts. We present a data warehouse building interface based on an object-oriented conceptual model. This model allows the warehouse data historisation at three levels: attribute, class and environment. Also, we present a data mart building interface which allows warehouse data to be reorganised through a multidimensional object-oriented model.
Relic density and PAMELA events in a heavy wino dark matter model with Sommerfeld effect
Creators: name: Mohanty, Subhendra
name: Rao, Soumya
name: Roy, D. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a wino LSP scenario the annihilation cross section of winos gravitationally bound in galaxies can be boosted by a Sommerfeld enhancement factor which arises due to the ladder of exchanged W bosons between the initial states. The boost factor obtained can be in the range S ~ 10^4 if the mass is close to the resonance value of M ~ 4 TeV. In this paper we show that if one takes into account the Sommerfeld enhancement in the relic abundance calculation then the correct relic density is obtained for 4 TeV wino mass due to the enhanced annihilation after their kinetic decoupling. At the same time the Sommerfeld enhancement in the χχ--> W^+ W^- annihilation channel is sufficient to explain the positron flux seen in PAMELA data without significantly exceeding the observed antiproton signal. We also show that (e^- + e^+) and gamma ray signals are broadly compatible with the Fermi-LAT observations. In conclusion we show that a 4 TeV wino DM can explain the positron and antiproton fluxes observed by PAMELA and at the same time give a thermal relic abundance of CDM consistent with WMAP observations.
description: 24 pages, 12 figures, 1 table; title corrected in arxiv metadata
Indications of superconductivity in doped highly oriented pyrolytic graphite
Creators: name: Larkins, Grover
name: Vlasov, Yuriy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have observed possible superconductivity using standard resistance vs. temperature techniques in phosphorous ion implanted Highly Oriented Pyrolytic Graphite. The onset appears to be above 100 K and quenching by an applied magnetic field has been observed. The four initial boron implanted samples showed no signs of becoming superconductive whereas all four initial and eight subsequent samples that were implanted with phosphorous showed at least some sign of the existence of small amounts of the possibly superconducting phases. The observed onset temperature is dependent on both the number of electron donors present and the amount of damage done to the graphene sub-layers in the Highly Oriented Pyrolytic Graphite samples. As a result the data appears to suggest that the potential for far higher onset temperatures in un-damaged doped graphite exists.
description: 7 pages, 1 table, 5 figures, 11 references, Acknowledgments section was corrected
Reclaiming territories through indigenous performance
Creators: name: Burning, Francine
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: This thesis project illustrates how Indigenous-centered performance enables and supports collective meaning-making and indigenous continuity. An examination of the Canadian policies regarding indigenous ceremony, public performances, and community gathering is presented to show the effects this complexity history is felt by indigenous people today. The use of counter-narrative, and telling ancestral stories of resistance provide insight into the way in which indigenous people have resisted these assimilation policies over generations. Our program here is to animate indigenous people within a living framework of continuity and Indigenous Knowledge Systems by focusing on how today’s performance and performing is connected to oral cultures, indigenous intellectual traditions. Indigenous performance and indigenous artists who while giving an insight into how indigenous people are creating safe social and learning spaces and can invoke positive spectrum emotions to combat colonial trauma. Interviewing five indigenous artistic performers, who engage many genres in performance, sets the basis of indigenous research methods including Kovach’s conversational method of interviewing. Presenting indigenous performances’ role in indigenous continuity, education, and generational knowledge transmission affirm the deep consideration of indigenous artists today and their role in leadership and in empowering indigenous people and communities. This research also uncovers a generational knowledge system that values of education, healing, protection and reciprocity that compose legacies of ancestral knowledge that can propagate healthy and loving indigenous realities.
Climate risk and food security in Mali: A historical perspective on adaptation
Creators: name: Giannini, Alessandra
name: Krishnamurthy, P. Krishna
name: Cousin, Remi
name: Labidi, Naouar
name: Choularton, Richard J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Climatic changes
Food security
Public health
Economic security

description: We combine socioeconomic data from a large‐scale household survey with historical climate data to map the climate sensitivity of availability and access dimensions of food security in Mali, and infer the ways in which at‐risk communities may have been impacted by persistent climatic shift. Thirty years after 1982–1984, the period of most intense drought during the protracted late 20th century drying of the Sahel, the impact of drought on livelihoods and food security is still recognizable in the Sahelian center of Mali. This impact is expressed in the larger fraction of households in this Sahelian center of the country—the agro‐ecological transition between pastoralism in the north, and sedentary agriculture in the south—who practice agriculture but not livestock raising, despite environmental conditions that are suitable to their combination. These households have lower food security and rely more frequently on detrimental nutrition‐based coping strategies, such as reducing the quantity or quality of meals. In contrast, the more food secure households show a clear tendency toward livelihood diversification away from subsistence agriculture. These households produce less of what they consume, yet spend less on food in proportion. The analysis points to the value of interdisciplinary research—in this case bridging climate science and vulnerability analysis—to gain a dynamical understanding of complex systems, understanding which may be exploited to address real‐world challenges, offering lessons about food security and local adaptation strategies in places among the most vulnerable to climate.
Algèbre OLAP et langage graphique
Creators: name: Ravat, Franck
name: Teste, Olivier
name: Zurfluh, Gilles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This article deals with OLAP systems based on multidimensional model. The conceptual model we provide, represents data through a constellation (multi-facts) composed of several multi-hierarchy dimensions. In this model, data are displayed through multidimensional tables. We define a query algebra handling these tables. This user oriented algebra is composed of a closure core of OLAP operators as soon as advanced operators dedicated to complex analysis. Finally, we specify a graphical OLAP language based on this algebra. This language facilitates analyses of decision makers.
Spin decay and quantum parallelism
Creators: name: Schliemann, John
name: Khaetskii, Alexander V.
name: Loss, Daniel
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We study the time evolution of a single spin coupled inhomogeneously to a spin environment. Such a system is realized by a single electron spin bound in a semiconductor nanostructure and interacting with surrounding nuclear spins. We find striking dependencies on the type of initial state of the nuclear spin system. Simple product states show a profoundly different behavior than randomly correlated states whose time evolution provides an illustrative example of quantum parallelism and entanglement in a decoherence phenomenon.
Groundwater depletion and associated CO2 emissions in India
Creators: name: Mishra, Vimal
name: Asoka, Akarsh
name: Vatta, Kamal
name: Lall, Upmanu
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Natural resources—Management
Carbon dioxide
Groundwater--Management
Water-supply--Management

description: India, the world's largest groundwater user, withdraws about 230‐billion‐m3 groundwater annually for irrigation. Excessive groundwater pumping in India leads to rapid groundwater depletion and CO2 emissions. Here using multiple data sources (observation wells and Gravity Recovery Climate Experiment) to estimate groundwater depletion in India, as well as the associated chemistry and the pumping energy requirements, we provide the first estimate of the potential CO2 emissions due to bicarbonate extraction (CO2 release due to lowering of groundwater table) and groundwater pumping. We show that combined annual CO2 release due to bicarbonate extraction and pumping in India is approximately 32.01–131.74 million tons (31.29–131.02 million tons for pumping and 0.72 million tons for bicarbonate). The total estimated groundwater depletion in India is in the range of 122 to 199 billion m3 from the observation wells (1996–2016) and Gravity Recovery Climate Experiment (2002–2016). The CO2 emissions due to bicarbonate (~0.72 million tons/year) are dominated by those due to groundwater pumping (31.29–131.02 million tons/year) in India. However, the total (pumping and bicarbonate) estimated annual CO2 emission from groundwater is less than 2–7% of the total (annual) CO2 emission from India. Based on our unique data set collected from more than 500 farmers in Punjab, we show that a low‐cost intervention for irrigation scheduling based on soil moisture information can provide a sustainable solution by reducing groundwater pumping and CO2 emissions. The environmental problem of groundwater depletion in India is much more serious than the associated CO2 emissions, and hence, there is an urgent need for a regulation of groundwater use.
title: АНТИОКСИДАНТНАЯ РЕГУЛЯЦИЯ ОРГАНИЗМА СУХОСТОЙНЫХ КОРОВ КАК ФАКТОР ПРОФИЛАКТИКИ НЕОНАТАЛЬНЫХ БОЛЕЗНЕЙ ТЕЛЯТ
Creators: name: Кузьминова, Елена Васильевна
name: Гринь, Владимир Анатольевич
name: Семененко, Марина Петровна
name: Семененко, Ксения Андреевна
Publisher: name: ФГБНУ КНЦЗВ
Year: 2021

description: В современном молочном животноводстве важной проблемой является обеспечение высокой сохранности молодняка в ранний постнатальный период. В первые дни жизни телят ведущее место занимают заболевания желудочно-кишечного тракта, проявляющиеся диареей, дегидратацией, дисбактериозом, токсемией и иммунодефицитом. В статье представлены данные по изучению эффективности применения препарата гепавитол коровам в период сухостоя. Гепавитол – инъекционное лекарственное средство, представляющее собой масляный раствор бета-каротина, селена и фосфолипидов. Установлено, что в условиях повышенной генерации свободных радикалов в организме коров (к которым относится предотельный период и отел), когда цепной самоиндуцирующийся механизм свободнорадикальных реакций выходит за пределы стационарного уровня, применение гепавитола обеспечивает оптимизацию процессов липопероксидации, что способствует снижению развития желудочно-кишечных болезней телят в постнатальном периоде.
Anomalous doping effect on the superconducting state in CeCoIn$_5$ at high magnetic fields
Creators: name: Tokiwa, Y.
name: Movshovich, R.
name: Ronning, F.
name: Bauer, E. D.
name: Bianchi, A. D.
name: Fisk, Z.
name: Thompson, J. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the effect of electron and hole doping on the high-field low-temperature superconducting state in CeCoIn$_5$ by measuring specific heat of CeCo(In$_{\rm 1-x}$M$_{\rm x}$)$_5$ with M=Sn, Cd and Hg and $x$ up to 0.33% at temperatures down to 0.1\,K and fields up to 14\,T. Although both Cd- and Hg-doping (hole-doping) suppresses the zero-field $T_c$ monotonically, $H_{c2}$ increases with small amounts of doping and has a maximum around $x$=0.2% (M=Cd). On the other hand, with Sn-doping (electron-doping) both zero-field $T_c$ and $H_{c2}$ decrease monotonically. The critical temperature for the high-field low-temperature superconducting state (so called {\it Q}-state) correlates with $H_{c2}$ and $T_c$, which we interpret in support of the superconducting origin of this state.
description: Phys. Rev. B 82, 220502(R) (2010)
Eυγένιος ο παρωδός, της εποχής μας κληρωτός, ή οι περιπέτειες των λέξεων και των κειμένων
Creators: name: Α. Ζερβού
Publisher: name: ΚΕΙΜΕΝΑ
Year: 2022

description: Eυγένιος ο παρωδός, της εποχής μας κληρωτός, ή οι περιπέτειες των λέξεων και των κειμένων
description: ΚΕΙΜΕΝΑ, Issue 6 (September 2007)
On the Progenitors of Core-Collapse Supernovae
Creators: name: Leonard, Douglas C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theory holds that a star born with an initial mass between about 8 and 140 times the mass of the Sun will end its life through the catastrophic gravitational collapse of its iron core to a neutron star or black hole. This core collapse process is thought to usually be accompanied by the ejection of the star's envelope as a supernova. This established theory is now being tested observationally, with over three dozen core-collapse supernovae having had the properties of their progenitor stars directly measured through the examination of high-resolution images taken prior to the explosion. Here I review what has been learned from these studies and briefly examine the potential impact on stellar evolution theory, the existence of "failed supernovae", and our understanding of the core-collapse explosion mechanism.
description: 7 Pages, invited review accepted for publication by Astrophysics and Space Science (special HEDLA 2010 issue)
Zitterbewegung of Electronic Wave Packets in III-V Zinc-Blende Semiconductor Quantum Wells
Creators: name: Schliemann, John
name: Loss, Daniel
name: Westervelt, R. M.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We study the zitterbewegung of electronic wave packets in III-V zinc-blende semiconductor quantum wells due to spin-orbit coupling. Our results suggest a direct experimental proof of this fundamental effect, confirming a long-standing theoretical prediction. For electron motion in a harmonic quantum wire, we numerically and analytically find a resonance condition maximizing the zitterbewegung.