cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
THE VALUE OF INFORMATION IN HERBICIDE DECISION MAKING FOR WEED CONTROL IN AUSTRALIAN WHEAT CROPS
Creators: name: Pannell, David J.
name: Pannell, David J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Most weed control decisions are made with the benefit of some information about weather conditions and actual weed densities. This study is an investigation of the value of adjusting weed control decisions in response to these types of information. For a specific example, it is found that the expected value of information can reach 15% of expected gross margin. The value of information about yield prospects is higher than that for weed density. The value of information is markedly affected by the degree of risk aversion and the type of decision rule adopted. Use of information reduces the expected level of herbicide usage.
THE EFFECTS OF INCLUDING BANKRUPTCY ON DYNAMIC INVESTMENT DECISIONS
Creators: name: Novak, Frank S.
name: Schnitkey, Gary D.
name: Novak, Frank S.
name: Schnitkey, Gary D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Financial Economics

description: This article evaluates the effects of including the costs of bankruptcy in a dynamic model of off-farm investment decisions using a stochastic dynamic programming (SDP) model which incorporates the stochastic dynamic nature of investment returns and the interrelationships between financial structure and investment decisions. Our results suggest that in the presence of bankruptcy, optimal investment decisions are affected by financial structure and financial market conditions. Ignoring bankruptcy costs in determining investment decisions results in a high probability of bankruptcy.
DETERMINANTS AND IMPLICATION OF POST-CRP LAND USE DECISIONS
Creators: name: Skaggs, Rhonda K.
name: Kirksey, R.E.
name: Harper, Wilmer M.
name: Skaggs, Rhonda K.
name: Kirksey, R.E.
name: Harper, Wilmer M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) land retirement contracts will begin to expire in late 1995. A multinomial logit model is used to identify characteristics influencing New Mexico CRP participant post-CRP land use plans. Results indicate post-CRP land uses intentions will vary with attributes reflecting characteristics of the land enrolled, socioeconomic variables, and participant attitudes. Results point to a CRP-facilitated retreat from crop production to future ranching by many producers. The analysis suggests future changes in the structure and character of southern Great Plains agriculture and surrounding communities.
CATTLE FEEDER BEHAVIOR AND FEEDER CATTLE PLACEMENTS
Creators: name: Kastens, Terry L.
name: Schroeder, Ted C.
name: Kastens, Terry L.
name: Schroeder, Ted C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: Cattle feeders appear irrational when they place cattle on feed when projected profit is negative. Long futures positions appear to offer superior returns to cattle feeding investment. Cattle feeder behavior suggests that they believe a downward bias in live cattle futures persists and that cattle feeders use different expectations than the live cattle futures market price when making placement decisions. This study examines feeder cattle placement determinants, comparing performance of expected hedgeable profit with past actual profit in explaining feeder cattle placements. Past actual profit is a more important placement determinant than expected profit based upon the live cattle futures market, even though hedgeable profit provides a superior forecast of future profit. In addition, potential deterrents to cattle feeders' use of futures as a substitute for cattle ownership are discussed.
Anomalous Hall Effect in Kagome Ferrimagnet GdMn$_6$Sn$_6$
Creators: name: Asaba, T.
name: Thomas, S. M.
name: Curtis, M.
name: Thompson, J. D.
name: Bauer, E. D.
name: Ronning, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present magnetotransport data on the ferrimagnet GdMn$_6$Sn$_6$. From the temperature dependent data we are able to extract a large instrinsic contribution to the anomalous Hall effect $σ_{xz}^{int} \sim$ 32 $Ω^{-1}cm^{-1}$ and $σ_{xy}^{int} \sim$ 223 $Ω^{-1}cm^{-1}$, which is comparable to values found in other systems also containing kagome nets of transition metals. From our transport anisotropy, as well as our density functional theory calculations, we argue that the system is electronically best described as a three dimensional system. Thus, we show that reduced dimensionality is not a strong requirement for obtaining large Berry phase contributions to transport properties. In addition, the coexistence of rare-earth and transition metal magnetism makes the hexagonal MgFe$_6$Ge$_6$ structure type a promising system to tune the electronic and magnetic properties in future studies.
Signatures of avoided energy-level crossings in entanglement indicators obtained from quantum tomograms
Creators: name: Sharmila, B.
name: Lakshmibala, S.
name: Balakrishnan, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extensive theoretical and experimental investigations on multipartite systems close to an avoided energy-level crossing reveal interesting features such as the extremisation of entanglement. Conventionally, the estimation of entanglement directly from experimental observation involves either one of two approaches: Uncertainty-relation-based estimation that captures the linear correlation between relevant observables, or rigorous but error-prone quantum state reconstruction on tomograms obtained from homodyne measurements. We investigate the behaviour, close to avoided crossings, of entanglement indicators that can be calculated directly from a numerically-generated tomogram. The systems we study are two generic bipartite continuous-variable systems: a Bose-Einstein condensate trapped in a double-well potential, and a multi-level atom interacting with a radiation field. We also consider a multipartite hybrid quantum system of superconducting qubits interacting with microwave photons. We carry out a quantitative comparison of the indicators with a standard measure of entanglement, the subsystem von Neumann entropy (SVNE). It is shown that the indicators that capture the nonlinear correlation between relevant subsystem observables are in excellent agreement with the SVNE.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures
Giant solitary fibrous tumor of the pleura
Creators: name: Pinedo-Onofre, Javier Alfonso
name: Robles-Perez, Euridice
name: Peña-Mirabal, Erika Sagrario
name: Hernandez-Carrillo, Jose Amado
name: Tellez-Becerra, Jose Luis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Background: Solitary fibrous tumor is the second primary malignancy of the pleura and can reach up to 39cm in diameter; to be referred to as giant it must occupy at least 40% of the affected hemithorax. Although this tumor usually shows a benign behavior malignancy criteria have been described. The aim of the study was to assess the initial evaluation diagnostic procedures surgical management treatment outcome and prognosis. Methods: We performed a descriptive observational longitudinal and retrospective study from 2002 to 2006 on patients who underwent surgery with a diagnosis of giant solitary fibrous tumor of the pleura. Results: Six patients were included; 83.3% were females. Mean age was 48 years. All patients were symptomatic mainly dyspnea cough and chest pain; 66.7% were left-sided. Preoperative angiography and embolization were performed in 83.3% cases with successful surgical resection. The predominant blood supply was derived from the internal mammalian artery. Intraoperative complication rate was 17%. A vascular pedicle was found in 66.7%. The largest lesion was 40cm in diameter and weighed 4500g. Only one case showed high mitotic activity. Mean follow-up to date is 14 months. Conclusions: Symptomatology found was consistent with previous reports but in higher percentages. Accurate diagnosis is critical because surgical resection involves a potential cure; long-term follow-up is mandatory. Preoperative embolization is recommended due to tumor size.
Maslov Indices and Monodromy
Creators: name: Dullin, HR
name: Robbins, JM
name: Waalkens, H
name: Creagh, SC
name: Tanner, G
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37J35; 81S10; 53D12

description: We prove that for a Hamiltonian system on a cotangent bundle that is Liouville-integrable and has monodromy the vector of Maslov indices is an eigenvector of the monodromy matrix with eigenvalue 1. As a corollary the resulting restrictions on the monodromy matrix are derived.
description: 6 pages
title: Ammonium fertilization increases pearl millet yield by promoting early root growth, higher tillering, and water use during grain filling in a low P Sahelian soil
Creators: name: Beggi, Francesca
name: Vadez, Vincent
name: Bürkert, Andreas
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: ammonium versus nitrate fertilization
subject: pearl millet
subject: root length
subject: Rhizo Tubes
subject: West Africa
subject: 570
subject: 580
subject: Westafrika
subject: Düngung
subject: Ammoniumverbindungen
subject: Nitration
subject: Perlhirse
subject: Wurzel
subject: Wassernutzung

description: Gefördert im Rahmen des Projekts DEAL
Nuclear response functions in homogeneous matter with finite range effective interactions
Creators: name: Margueron, J.
name: Van Giai, Nguyen
name: Navarro, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The question of nuclear response functions in a homogeneous medium is examined. A general method for calculating response functions in the random phase approximation (RPA) with exchange is presented. The method is applicable for finite-range nuclear interactions. Examples are shown in the case of symmetric nuclear matter described by a Gogny interaction. It is found that the convergence of the results with respect to the multipole truncation is quite fast. Various approximation schemes such as the Landau approximation, or the Landau approximation for the exchange terms only, are discussed in comparison with the exact results.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures
Bell's Inequality, Random Sequence, and Quantum Key Distribution
Creators: name: Hwang, W. -Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Ekert 91 quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol appears to be secure whatever devices legitimate users adopt for the protocol, as long as the devices give a result that violates Bell's inequality. However, this is not the case if they ignore non-detection events because Eve can make use of the detection-loophole, as Larrson showed. We show that even when legitimate users take into account non-detection events Eve can successfully eavesdrop if the QKD system has been appropriately designed by the manufacturer. A loophole utilized here is that of `free-choice' (or `real randomness'). Local QKD devices with pseudo-random sequence generator installed in them can apparently violate Bell's inequality.
description: English corrected, 3 pages, RevTex
Cluster-state preparation and multipartite entanglement analyzer with fermions
Creators: name: Zhang, X. L.
name: Feng, M.
name: Gao, K. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum cluster states and entangled state analyzers are essential to measurement-based quantum computing. We propose to generate a quantum cluster-state and to make multipartite entanglement analyzer by using noninteracting free electrons or conduction electrons in quantum dots, based on polarizing beam splitters, charge detectors and single-spin rotations. Our schemes are deterministic without the need of qubit-qubit interaction.
description: 3 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. A
Effective Lagrangian and Topological Interactions in Supersolids
Creators: name: Son, D. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a low-energy effective Lagrangian describing zero-temperature supersolids. Galilean invariance imposes strict constraints on the form of the effective Lagrangian. We identify a topological term in the Lagrangian that couples superfluid and crystalline modes. For small superfluid fractions this interaction term is dominant in problems involving defects. As an illustration, we compute the differential cross section of scatterings of low-energy transverse elastic phonons by a superfluid vortex. The result is model-independent.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure; one reference added
Correlation analysis of stochastic gravitational wave background around 0.1-1Hz
Creators: name: Seto, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss prospects for direct measurement of stochastic gravitational wave background around 0.1-1Hz with future space missions. It is assumed to use correlation analysis technique with the optimal TDI variables for two sets of LISA-type interferometers. The signal to noise for detection of the background and the estimation errors for its basic parameters (amplitude, spectral index) are evaluated for proposed missions.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, revised version, to appear in PRD
An analytic model for OIII fine structure emission from high redshift galaxies
Creators: name: Yang, Shengqi
name: Lidz, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent ALMA measurements have revealed bright OIII 88 micron line emission from galaxies during the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) at redshifts as large as $z \sim 9$. We introduce an analytic model to help interpret these and other upcoming OIII 88 micron measurements. Our approach sums over the emission from discrete Str$\ddot{\mathrm{o}}$mgren spheres and considers the total volume of ionized hydrogen in a galaxy of a given star-formation rate. We estimate the relative volume of doubly-ionized oxygen and ionized hydrogen and its dependence on the spectrum of ionizing photons. We then calculate the level populations of OIII ions in different fine-structure states for HII regions of specified parameters. In this simple model, a galaxy's OIII 88 micron luminosity is determined by: the typical number density of free electrons in HII regions ($n_e$), the average metallicity of these regions ($Z$), the rate of hydrogen ionizing photons emitted ($Q_{\mathrm{HI}}$), and the shape of the ionizing spectrum. We cross-check our model by comparing it with detailed CLOUDY calculations, and find that it works to better than 15$\%$ accuracy across a broad range of parameter space. Applying our model to existing ALMA data at $z \sim 6-9$, we derive lower bounds on the gas metallicity and upper bounds on the gas density in the HII regions of these galaxies. These limits vary considerably from galaxy to galaxy, with the tightest bounds indicating $Z \gtrsim 0.5 Z_\odot$ and $n_{\mathrm{H}} \lesssim 50$ cm$^{-3}$ at $2-σ$ confidence.
Excited charmonium mesons production in e^+e^- annihilation at \sqrt{s}=10.6 GeV
Creators: name: Braguta, V. V.
name: Likhoded, A. K.
name: Luchinsky, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper the production of excited vector and pseudoscalar charmonium mesons in $\epem$ annihilation is analyzed in the framework of light cone. In particular the cross sections $\epem \to ψ(2S)η_c(1S), ψ(1S)η_c(2S),ψ(2S)η_c(2S)$ have been calculated. It is shown, that contrary to NRQCD the cross sections calculated in the framework of light cone agree with experimental data.
description: 7 pages; 2 figures, some refrences added
Extracting Non-Gaussian Governing Laws from Data on Mean Exit Time
Creators: name: Zhang, Yanxia
name: Duan, Jinqiao
name: Jin, Yanfei
name: Li, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Motivated by the existing difficulties in establishing mathematical models and in observing the system state time series for some complex systems, especially for those driven by non-Gaussian Levy motion, we devise a method for extracting non-Gaussian governing laws with observations only on mean exit time. It is feasible to observe mean exit time for certain complex systems. With the observations, a sparse regression technique in the least squares sense is utilized to obtain the approximated function expression of mean exit time. Then, we learn the generator and further identify the stochastic differential equations through solving an inverse problem for a nonlocal partial differential equation and minimizing an error objective function. Finally, we verify the efficacy of the proposed method by three examples with the aid of the simulated data from the original systems. Results show that the method can apply to not only the stochastic dynamical systems driven by Gaussian Brownian motion but also those driven by non-Gaussian Levy motion, including those systems with complex rational drift.
Signatures of ubiquitous magnetic reconnection in the lower solar atmosphere
Creators: name: Joshi, Jayant
name: van der Voort, Luc H. M. Rouppe
name: Rodríguez, Jaime de la Cruz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ellerman Bomb-like brightenings of the hydrogen Balmer line wings in the quiet Sun (QSEBs) are a signature of the fundamental process of magnetic reconnection at the smallest observable scale in the solar lower atmosphere. We analyze high spatial resolution observations (0.1 arcsec) obtained with the Swedish 1-m Solar Telescope to explore signatures of QSEBs in the H$β$ line. We find that QSEBs are ubiquitous and uniformly distributed throughout the quiet Sun, predominantly occurring in intergranular lanes. We find up to 120 QSEBs in the FOV for a single moment in time; this is more than an order of magnitude higher than the number of QSEBs found in earlier H$α$ observations. This suggests that about half a million QSEBs could be present in the lower solar atmosphere at any given time. The QSEB brightening found in the H$β$ line wings also persist in the line core with a temporal delay and spatial offset towards the nearest solar limb. Our results suggest that QSEBs emanate through magnetic reconnection along vertically extended current sheets in the solar lower atmosphere. The apparent omnipresence of small-scale magnetic reconnection may play an important role in the energy balance of the solar chromosphere.
description: Submitted to A&A letters
Superfluid phases of 3He in aerogel
Creators: name: Fomin, I. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Formal derivation of criterion for selection of superfluid phases of 3He in aerogel is presented. At the strength of the derived criterion variation of the order parameter of B-like phase in magnetic field differs from that of B-phase of pure 3He. Possible observable consequences of this difference is discussed.
description: Published in Proceedings of the symposium QFS2004 without the first line on every page
Comments on the four-dimensional effective theory for warped compactification
Creators: name: Kodama, Hideo
name: Uzawa, Kunihito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive four-dimensional effective theories for warped compactification of the ten-dimensional IIB supergravity and the eleven-dimensional Horava-Witten model. We show that these effective theories allow a much wider class of solutions than the original higher-dimensional theories. In particular, the effective theories have cosmological solutions in which the size of the internal space decreases with the cosmic expansion in the Einstein frame. This type of compactifying solutions are not allowed in the original higher-dimensional theories. This result indicates that the effective four-dimensional theories should be used with caution, if one regards the higher-dimensional theories more fundamental.
description: 21 pages, no figure. Minor errors are corrected
Multiplayer quantum Minority game with decoherence
Creators: name: Flitney, Adrian P.
name: Hollenberg, Lloyd C. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A quantum version of the Minority game for an arbitrary number of agents is considered. It is known that when the number of agents is odd, quantizing the game produces no advantage to the players, but for an even number of agents new Nash equilibria appear that have no classical analogue and have improved payoffs. We study the effect on the Nash equilibrium payoff of various forms of decoherence. As the number of players increases the multipartite GHZ state becomes increasingly fragile, as indicated by the smaller error probability required to reduce the Nash equilibrium payoff to the classical level.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures; v2 Important reference added with associated minor changes in the text (inlcuding abstract)
Grover's Quantum Search Algorithm and Diophantine Approximation
Creators: name: Dolev, Shahar
name: Pitowsky, Itamar
name: Tamir, Boaz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In a fundamental paper [Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 325 (1997)] Grover showed how a quantum computer can find a single marked object in a database of size N by using only O(N^{1/2}) queries of the oracle that identifies the object. His result was generalized to the case of finding one object in a subset of marked elements. We consider the following computational problem: A subset of marked elements is given whose number of elements is either M or K, M
description: 8 pages, revtex, Title changed
Mesoscopic conductance fluctuations in a coupled quantum dot system
Creators: name: Takahashi, Kazutaka
name: Aono, Tomosuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the transport properties of an Aharonov-Bohm ring containing two quantum dots. One of the dots has well-separated resonant levels, while the other is chaotic and is treated by random matrix theory. We find that the conductance through the ring is significantly affected by mesoscopic fluctuations. The Breit-Wigner resonant peak is changed to an antiresonance by increasing the ratio of the level broadening to the mean level spacing of the random dot. The asymmetric Fano form turns into a symmetric one and the resonant peak can be controlled by magnetic flux. The conductance distribution function clearly shows the influence of strong fluctuations.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures; revised for publication
Performance of ALICE AD modules in the CERN PS test beam
Creators: name: Broz, M.
name: Noris, J. C. Cabanillas
name: Villar, E. Calvo
name: Galvan, C. Duarte
name: Endress, E.
name: Beltran, L. G. Espinoza
name: Tellez, A. Fernandez
name: Finogeev, D.
name: Gago, A. M.
name: Corral, G. Herrera
name: Kim, T.
name: Kurepin, A.
name: Kurepin, A. B.
name: Kurepin, N.
name: Monzon, I. Leon
name: Hernandez, M. I. Martinez
name: Mayer, C.
name: Mieskolainen, M. M.
name: Orava, R.
name: Moreno, L. A. Perez
name: Revol, J. -P.
name: Cahuantzi, M. Rodriguez
name: Torres, S. Rojas
name: Serebryakov, D.
name: Shabanov, A.
name: Usenko, E.
name: Tello, A. Villatoro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two modules of the AD detector have been studied with the test beam at the T10 facility at CERN. The AD detector is made of scintillator pads read out by wave-length shifters (WLS)coupled to clean fibres that carry the produced light to photo-multiplier tubes (PMTs). In ALICE the AD is used to trigger and study the physics of diffractive and ultra-peripheral collisions as well as for a variety of technical tasks like beam-gas background monitoring or as a luminometer. The position dependence of the modules' efficiency has been measured and the effect of hits on the WLS or PMTs has been evaluated. The charge deposited by pions and protons has been measured at different momenta of the test beam. The time resolution is determined as a function of the deposited charge. These results are important ingredients to better understand the AD detector, to benchmark the corresponding simulations, and very importantly they served as a baseline for a similar device, the Forward Diffractive Detector (FDD), being currently built and that will be in operation in ALICE during the LHC Runs 3 and 4.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
Shape-oriented test set compression method using ideal vector sorting and shapes
Creators: name: Huang, James Chien-Chun
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis details a novel shape-oriented test set compression method that offers an alternative approach to reduce large test data of a complex circuit under test (CUT) such as the system-on-a-chip (SoC). Rather than the usual one-dimensional compression approach utilized by other contemporary compression techniques, such as the Huffman coding and Lempel-Ziv-Welch (LZW) method, the proposed method compresses a test set in a two-dimensional style. To achieve the compression, the proposed method initially sorts test cubes, which are sent to the combinational CUT to detect the single stuck-at faults of the chip, by employing the ideal vector sorting algorithm; the algorithm rearranges cubes based on the test data that resemble parts of predefined shapes identified in the cubes. After the cubes are sorted, the amalgamated-shapes area-covering algorithm of the proposed method attempts to discover predefined shapes or blocks and stores the corresponding information. In the last stage of the proposed method, the multi-syntax encoding algorithm converts the stored information into encoding bits. The experimental results show that the proposed method has higher compression ratios compared to that of other contemporary compression schemes in most cases. As a result, compared to other schemes, employing the shape-oriented method can lessen the time of transferring and can reduce the memory for storing the compressed data further.
Negative Capacitance Enables FinFET Scaling Beyond 3nm Node
Creators: name: Kao, Ming-Yen
name: Agarwal, Harshit
name: Liao, Yu-Hung
name: Cheema, Suraj
name: Dasgupta, Avirup
name: Kushwaha, Pragya
name: Tan, Ava
name: Salahuddin, Sayeef
name: Hu, Chenming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A comprehensive study of the scaling of negative capacitance FinFET (NC-FinFET) is conducted with TCAD. We show that the NC-FinFET can be scaled to "2.1nm node" and almost "1.5nm node" that comes two nodes after the industry "3nm node," which has 16nm Lg and is the last FinFET node according to the International Roadmap for Devices and Systems (IRDS). In addition, for the intervening nodes, NC-FinFET can meet IRDS Ion and Ioff target at target-beating VDD. The benefits of negative capacitance (NC) include improved subthreshold slope (SS), drain-induced barrier lowering (DIBL), Vt roll-off, transconductance over Id (Gm/Id), output conductance over Id (Gd/Id), and lower VDD. Further scaling may be achieved by improving capacitance matching between ferroelectric (FE) and dielectric (DE).
INTERVENTIONS AND PRODUCTION SECTOR WASTE IN LDC AGRICULTURE
Creators: name: Fulginiti, Lilyan E.
name: Perrin, Richard K.
name: Fulginiti, Lilyan E.
name: Perrin, Richard K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Production Economics

description: Recent studies have revealed that less developed countries (LDCs) have been taxing their agricultural sectors at rates of 40-50%. This study uses quantity-based general equilibrium measures of deadweight loss to evaluate the cost of these distortions in 18 of these countries. The Allais-Debreu loss measures indicate that from 7-16% of either output or of the agricultural resource base has been wasted due to the associated misallocation of agricultural inputs across these countries.
WHAT DO WE KNOW ABOUT DECISION MAKING UNDER RISK AND WHERE DO WE GO FROM HERE?
Creators: name: Buschena, David E.
name: Zilberman, David
name: Buschena, David E.
name: Zilberman, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Risk and Uncertainty

description: This article reviews two major approached used in the past for risk analysis - the expected utility approach and the use of safety rules and endeavors to reconcile their applicability and use in light of the recent nonexpected utility risk literature and working using the mean-Gini coefficient for risk analysis. This leads to the identification of several "reduced form" hypotheses that hold under a variety of theoretical structures and to a discussion of some empirical evidence regarding these hypotheses. The major lesson of recent research of individual behavior under risk is that it is not always consistent with the expected utility approach; in short, there is no generic model for evaluating behavior under risk.
TWO-STAGE UTILITY MAXIMIZATION AND IMPORT DEMAND SYSTEMS REVISITED: LIMITATIONS AND AN ALTERNATIVE
Creators: name: Davis, George C.
name: Jensen, Kimberly L.
name: Davis, George C.
name: Jensen, Kimberly L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
International Relations/Trade

description: Two-stage utility maximization theory has been widely used in the literature to estimate import demand for agricultural commodities that are often inputs. This article examines the overlooked conceptual and empirical limitations of applying two-stage utility maximization theory to model the demand for imported commodities that are inputs. A discussion is presented about how the underutilized theory of two-stage profit maximization overcomes these limitations. Also discussed are the conditions under which errors illustration of the two-stage profit maximization procedure is provided.
THE ECONOMICS OF CLEANING WINTER WHEAT FOR EXPORT: AN EVALUATION OF PROPOSED FEDERAL "CLEAN GRAIN" STANDARDS
Creators: name: Adam, Brian D.
name: Kenkel, Philip L.
name: Anderson, Kim B.
name: Adam, Brian D.
name: Kenkel, Philip L.
name: Anderson, Kim B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Buyer complaints about poor quality U.S. wheat have led to proposals to enforce minimum dockage standards for exports. An economic-engineering approach is used to evaluate costs and benefits of cleaning wheat in order to meet these standards for 13 possible cleaning configurations. These results are used in an optimization framework to estimate costs and benefits of cleaning all U.S. export wheat. The estimates indicate that cleaning U.S. export winter wheat to .35% dockage would cost an average of 1 cent/bu., requiring an initial capital investment of $28 million. Value of wheat lost in cleaning is a significant cost that previously has been overlooked.
Ten Conversations about Identity Preservation: Implications for Cooperatives
Creators: name: Goldsmith, Peter D.
name: Bender, Karen
name: Goldsmith, Peter D.
name: Bender, Karen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: identity preservation
subject: supply chain management
subject: value creation
subject: group action

description: Motivation : While it appears the modern economy demands ever increasing amounts of differentiation, opportunities for grain producers to create and capture significant new sources of value remains elusive. Opportunities appear to loom large to help remove risk and improve quality in the grain supply chain through preservation of product identity, producers, producer groups, and cooperatives are frustrated at the low level of value available to them from IP demand. Why do premiums remain low? And, what is the role of group action in these new differentiated markets? Objectives : This research report helps to explain this apparent paradox underlying the economics of the value proposition for IP grains. Methodology : Needs assessments were conducted on procurement executives using a semi-structured instrument. Results : The study demonstrates that understanding identity preservation business opportunities requires an understanding of the buy-side proposition. Respondents described how they balance the risk mitigation and market uplift features of a supply offering with the risks of narrowing the supply base. A model of the buyer's calculus is constructed. The results show how for producers and producer groups to drive value up the chain they need to shift away from solely a new product focus. Instead attention needs to be directed towards technologies, delivery systems, and organizational models that when bundled with new products make end-users more competitive. A second insight was the limited role of group action in meeting end-user needs. Where value markets existed, internalized groups rather than "arm's length" group transactions were the norm. Plan for Discussion : The cooperative movement was grounded in group action giving individual producers power in the market. The motivation to unite was very clear. In the post-industrial agrifood system though, why do buyers want to purchase from a group? What is the role of the group, from a buy-side perspective, in the modern economy? How should effective groups be structured? Key Words : identity preservation, supply chain management, value creation, group action
MPEC 2024-T249 : DAILY ORBIT UPDATE (2024 October 11)
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Diagnosis and Management of Bordetella bronchiseptica in Dogs and Cats
Creators: name: Kh. Thanila Rose1, J. B. Rajesh*2, Sherry Carelyne Marwein1, Payal Kar1, S. K. Behera2, Chethan G E.2, J. M. Rao3, Parimal Roychoudhary4, T. K. Dutta4, T. C. Tolenkhomba5,K. Sarma6, H. Prasad6
Publisher: name: The Science world a Monthly e magazine
Year: 2024

description: Bordetella bronchiseptica, well-known Gram-negative bacteria occur in different species. B. bronchiseptica cause a highly contagious respiratory disease in cats and dogs characterized by inflammation of trachea and bronchi. Proper diagnosis is required to find the etiology of the cause and further management with care and vaccination in a high-density population can reduce the probability of the animals in getting affected.
Photonic Bloch oscillations and Zener tunneling in two-dimensional optical lattices
Creators: name: Trompeter, Henrike
name: Krolikowski, Wieslaw
name: Neshev, Dragomir N.
name: Desyatnikov, Anton S.
name: Sukhorukov, Andrey A.
name: Kivshar, Yuri S.
name: Pertsch, Thomas
name: Peschel, Ulf
name: Lederer, Falk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the first experimental observation of photonic Bloch oscillations and Zener tunneling in two-dimensional periodic systems. We study the propagation of an optical beam in a square photonic lattice superimposed on a refractive index ramp, and demonstrate the tunneling of light from the first to the higher-order transmission bands of the lattice bandgap spectrum, associated with the spectral dynamics inside the first Brillouin zone and corresponding oscillations of the primary beam.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Raman and infrared studies of La_1-ySr_yMn_1-xM_xO_3 (M=Cr, Co, Cu, Zn, Sc or Ga): Oxygen disorder and local vibrational modes
Creators: name: Dubroka, A.
name: Humlicek, J.
name: Abrashev, M. V.
name: Popovic, Z. V.
name: Sapina, F.
name: Cantarero, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of our study of polarized Raman scattering and infrared reflectivity of rhombohedral ceramic La_1-ySr_yMn_1-xM_xO_3 manganites in the temperature range between 77 and 320K. In our samples, a part of the Mn atoms is substituted by M = Cr, Co, Cu, Zn, Sc, or Ga with x in the range 0 -- 0.1. The hole concentration was kept at the optimal value of about 32% by tuning the Sr content y. We have monitored the distortions of the oxygen sublattice by the presence of broad bands in the Raman spectra, the increase of d.c. resistivity extracted from the infrared reflectivity, and the change of the critical temperature of the ferromagnetic transition. Our results support the idea, that these properties are mainly determined by the radius of the substituent ion, its electronic and magnetic structure playing only a minor role. Furthermore, the Raman spectra exhibit an additional A_g-like high frequency mode attributed to the local breathing vibration of oxygens surrounding the substituent ion. Its frequency and intensity strongly depend on the type of the substituent. In the Co-substituted sample, the mode anomalously softens when going from 300 to 77K. The frequency of the bulk A_{1g} mode depends linearly on the angle of the rhombohedral distortion.
description: 11 pages, 11 Figures, best-fit values table added, a discussion added
Active queue management techniques to improve Quality of Service for real-time flows in third generation wireless networks
Creators: name: Chen, Jian
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In this thesis, we analyze the behavior of real-time flows with hard time deadline using link layer retransmission to overcome wireless errors, and propose two new mechanisms to improve these flows' end-to-end Quality-of-Service (QoS) over a wireless network. Wireless channels have the characteristic that link quality varies according to propagation conditions. For real-time flows with hard time deadlines, link layer retransmissions over a wireless network, necessitated by fluctuations in link quality, may result in a high number of packets being dropped, as deadlines expire. The expired packets waste network resources and lead to long queuing delays for subsequent packets. After analyzing the characteristics of the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer of the General Packet Radio Service (GPRS)/Universal Mobile Telecommunication Services (UMTS) network, we have developed a new set of mechanisms to minimize expiration packet drops in favour of overflowlike packet drops. We propose to use active queue management to limit transmission queue length, hence queuing delay, thus eliminating expiration packet drops. This allows the buffer and wireless bandwidth, otherwise be wasted by expiring packets, to be released earlier for other packets. We apply this mechanism to the radio link control layer in the GPRS/ UMTS wireless networks. The effectiveness of the proposed mechanism is verified by simulations. Furthermore, we extend the similar idea from the radio link control layer to the whole GPRS/UMTS domain. We adapt the Early Regulation of Unresponsive Flows (ERUF) to the characteristics of wireless channels employing link layer retransmissions. We propose to regulate those congested flows at the DiffServ domain ingress edge nodes of the GPRS/UMTS core network, and drop undeliverable packets earlier to release some shared network resources for other flows. We also present simulation results to show that this new Wireless Early Regulation of Unresponsive Flows (WERUF) scheme can significantly improve the overall end-to-end quality-of-service.
Long-term Financing in US and European Agricultural Co-operatives: Emerging Methods for Ameliorating Investment Constraints
Creators: name: Iliopoulos, Constantine
name: Iliopoulos, Constantine
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: agribusiness co-operatives
subject: Investment constraints
subject: Structural equation model

description: During recent years, dramatic changes in the world food system have led to unprecedented competition between agribusiness firms. To compete in this environment, agricultural cooperatives should invest substantially in long-term activities such as R&D and advertisement. Co-operatives have a difficult problem in acquiring equity capital because the residual claimant (benefactor) is the patron of the firm, not the investor. This organizational design poses to cooperatives three investment constraints: a) the free rider problem, b) the horizon problem, and c) the portfolio problem. Empirical analysis utilizing a latent variable structural equation model and a large dual response survey suggests that in the U.S. member-patrons are more likely to invest in co-operatives which adopt well defined property rights policies and structures than traditional co-operatives characterized by vaguely-defined property right structures. Agribusiness co-operatives in the European Union are gradually adopting long-term financing methods that possess one or more of the characteristics found in successful U.S. 'New Generation Cooperatives.' However, it seems that they have paid less attention in designing their organizational structures (e.g., membership policies). This may inhibit their efforts to gain a competitive advantage over investor-owned firms.
Additional file 6 of Addressing knowledge gaps in Parkinson’s disease: a report on the Movement Disorder Society’s Centre-to-Centre initiative to improve Parkinson’s disease services in Lao People’s Democratic Republic
Creators: name: Onanong Phokaewvarangkul
name: Somchit Vorachit
name: Appasone Phoumindr
name: Saysavath Keosodsay
name: Postuma, Ronald B.
name: Wassilios G. Meissner
name: Bhidayasiri, Roongroj
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 6. Parkinson’s Disease Knowledge Questionnaire.
Enhancement of Retinal Fundus Images via Pixel Color Amplification
Creators: name: Gaudio, Alex
name: Smailagic, Asim
name: Campilho, Aurélio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a pixel color amplification theory and family of enhancement methods to facilitate segmentation tasks on retinal images. Our novel re-interpretation of the image distortion model underlying dehazing theory shows how three existing priors commonly used by the dehazing community and a novel fourth prior are related. We utilize the theory to develop a family of enhancement methods for retinal images, including novel methods for whole image brightening and darkening. We show a novel derivation of the Unsharp Masking algorithm. We evaluate the enhancement methods as a pre-processing step to a challenging multi-task segmentation problem and show large increases in performance on all tasks, with Dice score increases over a no-enhancement baseline by as much as 0.491. We provide evidence that our enhancement preprocessing is useful for unbalanced and difficult data. We show that the enhancements can perform class balancing by composing them together.
description: Accepted to International Conference on Image Analysis and Recognition, ICIAR 2020 ; // Published at https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50516-5_26 ;// CODE, SLIDES, and an expanded/modified 20 page version https://github.com/adgaudio/ietk-ret
IV. Symposium Syriacum in Groningen/Oosterhesselen
Creators: name: Schmidt, Margot
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 69 (1985): Oriens christianus, Band 69
Near-infrared time-series photometry in the field of Cygnus OB2 association II. Mapping the variability of candidate members
Creators: name: Roquette, J.
name: Alencar, S. H. P.
name: Bouvier, J.
name: Guarcello, M. G.
name: Reipurth, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a J, H, and K photometric variability survey of the central 0.78 square degrees of the young OB association Cygnus OB2. We used data observed with the Wide-Field CAMera at the United Kingdom Infrared Telescope in 2007 (spanning 217 days) to investigate the light curves of 5083 low mass candidate members in the association and explore the occurrence and main characteristics of their near-infrared variability. We identified 2529 stars ($\sim$50$\%$ of the sample) with significant variability with time-scales ranging from days to months. We classified the variable stars into the following three groups according to their light curve morphology: periodic variability (1697 stars), occultation variability (124 stars), and other types of variability (726 stars). We verified that the disk-bearing stars in our sample are significantly more variable in the near-infrared than diskless stars, with a steep increase in the disk-fraction among stars with higher variability amplitude. We investigated the trajectories described by variable stars in the color-space and measured slopes for 335 stars describing linear trajectories. Based on the trajectories in the color-space, we inferred that the sample analyzed is composed of a mix of young stars presenting variability due to hot and cold spots, extinction by circumstellar material, and changes in the disk emission in the near-infrared. We contemplated using the use of near-infrared variability to identify disk-bearing stars and verified that 53.4$\%$ of the known disk-bearing stars in our sample could have been identified as such based solely on their variability. We present 18 newly identified disk-bearing stars and 14 eclipsing binary candidates among CygOB2 lower-mass members.
description: 19 pages, 21 Figures