Harpactea tavirensis Wunderlich 2020
Creators: name: Řezáč, Milan
name: Cardoso, Pedro
name: Řezáčová, Veronika
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Dysderidae
Harpactea
Harpactea tavirensis

description: Harpactea tavirensis Wunderlich, 2020   
(Figs 1M, 2M, 3M, 5E, 8E, 9)  
 H. tavirensis Wunderlich 2020: 7, figs 4–6 (description based on ♁).   
 Material. Type material. 1 ♁ paratype, 5 km WNW of Tavira, leg. et coll. J. Wunderlich, R178 /ARICJW.   
 New material. S. Bras de Alportel, Fonte da Taipa, 37.203, -7.963, Quercus suber forest with Erica sp., 3 ♁♁, 13 ♀♀, 12 April 2005, 2 ♁♁, 9 November 2005, 3 ♁♁, 6 ♀♀, 31 March–1 April 2013, leg. M. Řezáč, coll. Crop Research Institute, Prague; Santa Bárbara de Nexe, 37.111, -7.982, 3 ♁, April 1963, leg. leg. Henry Coiffait?, coll. National Natural History Museum, Prague; Barranco do Velho, 37.238, -7.941, Quercus suber forest, 3 ♁♁, 2 ♀♀, December 1964, leg. Henry Coiffait?, coll. National Natural History Museum.   
 Diagnosis. It can be distinguishged from any other Iberian Harpactea by cymbium with concave retrolateral side, unlike retrolateral side of cymbium being either convex or straight, in other species (only the prolateral side is concave in some species), and concave hairless dorso-apical side. It possesses the cheliceral type minoccii (see the Materials and Methods) characterised by only three cheliceral teeth. In contrast to other two representatives of this cheliceral type, H. minoccii and H. subiasi, it has slightly obtuse posterior distal tooth (in two mentioned species it is pointed) and thicker basal cheliceral segment (Fig. 2M). Vulva is similar to that of H. algarvensis, but it can be distinguished by sclerotization only present at the median rod of the anterior arc (Fig. 8E). A couple of bands of white delicate tissue run from the epigastric furrow towards the ovary and turn dorsally in the middle of the abdomen (Fig. 8E —wt, when the spider is in certain level of saturation, it can be observed by transparency, without dissecting). It co-occurs with H. algarvensis, from which it can be distinguished by smaller size (H. algarvensis 2.2 mm, H. tavirensis 1.4–2.0 mm), darker coloration and slightly annulated legs.   
 Description. Male. Carapace red-brown, matting (Fig. 1M). Sternum brown-yellow, matting. Chelicerae red brown. Legs yellow-brown, anterior legs and pedipalps are darker. For measurements and leg spination see the Table 1. Relative leg length: IV>I>II>III. Cymbium slightly elongated (Fig. 3M), distally widened, with concave retrolateral side. Tegulum wider than long (Fig. 5E). Conductor relatively short, slightly S-shaped. Embolus dark, extremely long, its base directs to the opposite side than the conductor but then it is bent in 180° angle, so its tip directs to the same side as conductor. Opisthosoma cylindrical, whitish.   
 Female. All somatic characters as described for the male. The vulva is of the type algarvensis (Fig. 8E). The vulva is very small and weakly sclerotised, anterior arc, transversal bar and median rod are only tiny rudiments. Rudiment of posterior diverticle is tiny circular spot. Behind the epigastric furrow there is a paired mass of whitish tissue.   
 Variability. Male carapace length 1.51–2.00 mm (1.77±0.14, N=9), female carapace length 1.38–2.00 mm (1.65±0.13, N=22). The twisting of embolus is variable. Moreover, its appearance depends on the angle of view.   
 Ecology. The adults occur in early spring in leaf litter of Quercus suber and Erica forests on eastern slopes. Females lay 16– 21 eggs (N=2).   
 Distribution. So far known only from mountains in Algarve, southern Portugal.
description: Published as part of Řezáč, Milan, Cardoso, Pedro & Řezáčová, Veronika, 2023, Review of Harpactea ground-dwelling spiders (Araneae: Dysderidae) of Portugal, pp. 335-364 in Zootaxa 5263 (3) on page 356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5263.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7804268