cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Die römische Stadt von Bad Wimpfen im Tal, Kr. Heilbronn. Forschungsgeschichte und archäologische Befunde ; Ein römischer Götterhimmel in Bad Wimpfen
Creators: name: Filgis, Meinrad N.
name: Piesch, Martin
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege, Bd. 14, Nr. 3 (1985), Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Ausgaben pro Band: 4
title: Tripler General Hospital Collection
Creators: name: Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
Publisher: name: University Archives, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814
Year: 2010
Subjects: classificationCode: 3
subject: FOS: Medical and health sciences
classificationCode: 6.1
subject: FOS: History and archaeology

description: USUHS Archives Finding Aid
Tripler General Hospital Collection
2010
Mass Renormalization in String Theory: Special States
Creators: name: Pius, Roji
name: Rudra, Arnab
name: Sen, Ashoke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: String theory gives a well defined procedure for computing the S-matrix of BPS or a class of massless states, but similar calculation for general massive states is plagued with difficulties due to mass renormalization effect. In this paper we describe a procedure for computing the renormalized masses and S-matrix elements in bosonic string theory for a special class of massive states which do not mix with unphysical states under renormalization. Even though this requires working with off-shell amplitudes which are ambiguous, we show that the renormalized masses and S-matrix elements are free from these ambiguities. We also argue that the masses and S-matrix elements for general external states can be found by examining the locations of the poles and the residues of the S-matrix of special states. Finally we discuss generalizations to heterotic and superstring theories.
description: LaTeX file, 28 pages; v2: clarifications added; v3: minor changes
title: Sönke Lorenz/Barbara Scholkmann, in Verbindung mit Dieter R. Bauer (Hrsg.): Die Alemannen und das Christentum. Zeugnisse eines kulturellen Umbruchs. Leinfelden-Echterdingen 2003
Creators: name: Falk, Alfred
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2015

description: Rezension zu: Sönke Lorenz/Barbara Scholkmann, in Verbindung mit Dieter R. Bauer (Hrsg.): Die Alemannen und das Christentum. Zeugnisse eines kulturellen Umbruchs (Schriften zur südwestdeutschen Landeskunde 48 Quart 2; Veröffentlichungen des Alemannischen Instituts 71). Leinfelden-Echterdingen: DRW-Verlag 2003. 167 Seiten, 8 Beiträge. ISBN 3-87181-748-1
$H$-$T$ Phase Diagram of Multi-component Superconductors with Frustrated Inter-component Couplings
Creators: name: Takahashi, Y.
name: Huang, Z.
name: Hu, X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multi-band superconductors in which frustrated inter-band couplings yield a time-reversal-symmetry breaking (TRSB) state are investigated. Stability condition for the TRSB state are derived based on the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) theory. With the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau (GL) method, vortex states are investigated first at the vicinity of critical temperature $T_\text{c}$ where the GL theory is valid, and the results are extended to compose the $H$-$T$ phase diagram. When material parameters satisfy the condition that the nucleation field is slightly larger than the thermodynamic field ($H_\text{n} \gtrsim H_\text{tc}$) derived in a previous work (X. Hu and Z. Wang, Phys. Rev. B 85, 064516 (2012)), an unconventional intermediate state characterized by clustering vortices appears. Calculation of interface energy reveals that the clustering vortices are associated with positive interface energy.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
The hadronic vacuum polarization with twisted boundary conditions
Creators: name: Aubin, Christopher
name: Blum, Thomas
name: Golterman, Maarten
name: Peris, Santiago
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The leading-order hadronic contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment is given by a weighted integral over the subtracted hadronic vacuum polarization. This integral is dominated by euclidean momenta of order the muon mass, i.e., momenta not accessible on current lattice volumes with periodic boundary conditions. Twisted boundary conditions can in principle help in accessing momenta of any size even in a finite volume, but their use leads to a modification of the Ward-Takahashi identity that normally guarantees transversality of the vacuum polarization. As a result, the vacuum polarization contains a non-transversal, quadratically divergent term, which arises as an artifact of using twisted boundary conditions in a finite volume. In this article, we show how to determine and remove this term from the vacuum polarization.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, minor changes, version accepted for publication in PRD
Discovery of the transient magnetar 3XMM J185246.6+003317 near supernova remnant Kesteven 79 with XMM-Newton
Creators: name: Zhou, Ping
name: Chen, Yang
name: Li, Xiang-Dong
name: Safi-Harb, Samar
name: Mendez, Mariano
name: Terada, Yukikatsu
name: Sun, Wei
name: Ge, Ming-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the serendipitous discovery with XMM-Newton that 3XMM J185246.6+003317 is an 11.56 s X-ray pulsar located 1' away from the southern boundary of supernova remnant Kes 79. The spin-down rate of 3XMM J185246.6+003317 is $<1.1\times 10^{-13}$ s s$^{-1}$, which, together with the long period P=11.558714(2) s, indicates a dipolar surface magnetic field of $<3.6\times 10^{-13}$ G, a characteristic age of $>1.7$ Myr, and a spin-down luminosity of $<2.8\times 10^{30}$ erg s$^{-1}$. The X-ray spectrum of the source is best-fitted with a resonant Compton scattering model, and can be also adequately described by a blackbody model. The observations covering a seven month span from 2008 to 2009 show variations in the spectral properties of the source, with the luminosity decreasing from $2.7\times 10^{34}$ erg s$^{-1}$ to $4.6 \times 10^{33}$ erg s$^{-1}$, along with a decrease of the blackbody temperature from $kT\approx 0.8$ keV to $\approx0.6$ keV. The X-ray luminosity of the source is higher than its spin-down luminosity, ruling out rotation as a power source. The combined timing and spectral properties, the non-detection of any optical or infrared counterpart, together with the lack of detection of the source in archival X-ray data prior to the 2008 XMM-Newton observation, point to this source being a newly discovered transient low-B magnetar undergoing an outburst decay during the XMM-Newton observations. The non-detection by Chandra in 2001 sets an upper limit $4\times 10^{32}$ erg s$^{-1}$ to the quiescent luminosity of 3XMM J185246.6+003317. Its period is the longest among currently known transient magnetars. The foreground absorption toward 3XMM J185246.6+003317 is similar to that of Kes 79, suggesting a similar distance of $\sim$7.1 kpc.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, 1 table; updated to match the published version
Anisotropic Lyman-alpha Emission
Creators: name: Zheng, Zheng
name: Wallace, Joshua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a result of resonant scatterings off hydrogen atoms, Lyman-alpha (Lya) emission from star-forming galaxies provides a probe of the (hardly isotropic) neutral gas environment around them. We study the effect of the environmental anisotropy on the observed Lya emission by performing radiative transfer calculations for models of neutral hydrogen clouds with prescriptions of spatial and kinematic anisotropies. The environmental anisotropy leads to corresponding anisotropy in the Lya flux and spectral properties and induces correlations among them. The Lya flux (or observed luminosity) depends on the viewing angle and shows an approximate correlation with the initial Lya optical depth in the viewing direction relative to those in all other directions. The distribution of Lya flux from a set of randomly oriented clouds is skewed to high values, providing a natural contribution to the Lya equivalent width (EW) distribution seen in observation. A narrower EW distribution is found at a larger peak offset of the Lya line, similar to the trend suggested in observation. The peak offset appears to correlate with the line shape (full width at half maximum and asymmetry), pointing to a possibility of using Lya line features alone to determine the systemic redshifts of galaxies. The study suggests that anisotropies in the spatial and kinematic distributions of neutral hydrogen can be an important ingredient in shaping the observed properties of Lya emission from star-forming galaxies. We discuss the implications of using Lya emission to probe the circumgalactic and intergalactic environments of galaxies.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures, ApJ in press
Reconstruction and Convergence in Quantum $K$-Theory via Difference Equations
Creators: name: Iritani, Hiroshi
name: Milanov, Todor
name: Tonita, Valentin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 14N35

description: We give a new reconstruction method of big quantum $K$-ring based on the $q$-difference module structure in quantum $K$-theory. The $q$-difference structure yields commuting linear operators $A_{i,\rm com}$ on the $K$-group as many as the Picard number of the target manifold. The genus-zero quantum $K$-theory can be reconstructed from the $q$-difference structure at the origin $t=0$ if the $K$-group is generated by a single element under the actions of $A_{i,\rm com}$. This method allows us to prove the convergence of the big quantum $K$-rings of certain manifolds, including the projective spaces and the complete flag manifold $\operatorname{Fl}_3$.
description: 36 pages
Primordial Anisotropies in Gauged Hybrid Inflation
Creators: name: Abolhasani, Ali Akbar
name: Emami, Razieh
name: Firouzjahi, Hassan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study primordial anisotropies generated in the model of gauged hybrid inflation in which the complex waterfall field is charged under a $U(1)$ gauge field. Primordial anisotropies are generated either actively during inflation or from inhomogeneities modulating the surface of end of inflation during waterfall transition. We present a consistent $δN$ mechanism to calculate the anisotropic power spectrum and bispectrum. We show that the primordial anisotropies generated at the surface of end of inflation do not depend on the number of e-folds and therefore do not produce dangerously large anisotropies associated with the IR modes. Furthermore, one can find the parameter space that the anisotropies generated from the surface of end of inflation cancel the anisotropies generated during inflation, therefore relaxing the constrains on model parameters imposed from IR anisotropies. We also show that the gauge field fluctuations induce a red-tilted power spectrum so the averaged power spectrum from the gauge field can change the total power spectrum from blue to red. Therefore, hybrid inflation, once gauged under a $U(1)$ field, can be consistent with the cosmological observations.
description: 21 pages, no figure, minor changes, published version
Non-linear thermoelectric transport: A class of nano-devices for high efficiency and large power output
Creators: name: Hershfield, Selman
name: Muttalib, K. A.
name: Nartowt, Bradley J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Molecular junctions and similar devices described by an energy dependent transmission coefficient can have a high linear response thermoelectric figure of merit. Since such devices are inherently non-linear, the full thermodynamic efficiency valid for any temperature and chemical potential difference across the leads is calculated. The general features in the energy dependence of the tranmission function that lead to high efficiency and also high power output are determined. It is shown that the device with the highest efficiency does not necessarily lead to large power output. To illustrate this, we use a model called the t-stub model representing tunneling through an energy level connected to another energy level. Within this model both high efficiency and high power output are achievable. Futhermore, by connecting many nanodevices it is shown to be possible to scale up the power output without compromising efficiency in an (exactly solvable) n-channel model even with tunneling between the devices.
description: References added, minor corrections; published version
Matemáticas con propósito.
Creators: name: Arias Suárez, José David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Matemáticas con Propósito 4.0", creado por José David Arias Suárez en la Institución Educativa Madre Laura, busca renovar la enseñanza de las matemáticas mediante su integración con tecnologías de la Cuarta Revolución Industrial y metodologías como el Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos (ABP) y centrado en el Diseño Universal para el Aprendizaje (DUA). El proyecto enfrenta la desconexión entre las matemáticas y la vida diaria al implementar actividades lúdicas y proyectos de clase para solucionar problemas de la vida cotidiana mediante el uso de las TIC y las matemáticas para captar el interés.   Matemáticas en Contexto, que aplica conceptos en problemas reales; y proyección, además,  el uso de la tecnología en robótica y desarrollo de software. Los estudiantes desarrollaron proyectos como Eduverso y Golden Audition, que integran IA y educación inclusiva. Los resultados reflejan una mejora en el rendimiento académico, un aumento en la motivación y la claridad en los proyectos de vida de los estudiantes, y una participación exitosa en competencias tecnológicas y de innovación, demostrando así el impacto positivo de conectar las matemáticas con la tecnología y el contexto social (Arias Suárez, 2024).
Assessment of energetic neutral He atom intensities expected from the IBEX Ribbon
Creators: name: Swaczyna, P.
name: Grzedzielski, S.
name: Bzowski, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Full sky maps of energetic neutral atoms (ENA) obtained with the Interstellar Boundary Explorer revealed a bright, arc-like Ribbon. We compare possible, though as yet undetected, He ENA emission in two models of the Ribbon origin. The models were originally developed for hydrogen ENA. In the first one, ENA are produced outside the heliopause from the ionized neutral solar wind in the direction where the local interstellar magnetic field is perpendicular to the line-of-sight. The second model proposes production at the contact layer between the Local Interstellar Cloud (LIC) and the Local Bubble (LB). The models are redesigned to helium using relevant interactions between atoms and ions. Resulting intensities are compared with possible emission of helium ENA from the heliosheath. In the first model, the expected intensity is ~ 0.014 (cm^2 s sr keV)^-1, i.e., of the order of the He emission from the heliosheath, whereas in the second, the LIC/LB contact layer model, the intensity is ~ (2-7) (cm^2 s sr keV)^-1, i.e., a few hundred times larger. If the IBEX Ribbon needs a source population of He ENA leaving the heliosphere, it should not be visible in He ENA fluxes mainly because of the insufficient supply of the parent He ENA originating from the neutralized solar wind α-particles. We conclude that full-sky measurements of He ENA could give promising prospect for probing the Local Interstellar Medium at the distance of a few thousand AU and create possibility of distinction between above mentioned models of Ribbon origin.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures, v2: version accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
The RoboPol optical polarization survey of gamma-ray - loud blazars
Creators: name: Pavlidou, V.
name: Angelakis, E.
name: Myserlis, I.
name: Blinov, D.
name: King, O. G.
name: Papadakis, I.
name: Tassis, K.
name: Hovatta, T.
name: Pazderska, B.
name: Paleologou, E.
name: Baloković, M.
name: Feiler, R.
name: Fuhrmann, L.
name: Khodade, P.
name: Kus, A.
name: Kylafis, N.
name: Modi, D.
name: Panopoulou, G.
name: Papamastorakis, I.
name: Pazderski, E.
name: Pearson, T. J.
name: Rajarshi, C.
name: Ramaprakash, A.
name: Readhead, A. C. S.
name: Reig, P.
name: Zensus, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present first results from RoboPol, a novel-design optical polarimeter operating at the Skinakas Observatory in Crete. The data, taken during the May - June 2013 commissioning of the instrument, constitute a single-epoch linear polarization survey of a sample of gamma-ray - loud blazars, defined according to unbiased and objective selection criteria, easily reproducible in simulations, as well as a comparison sample of, otherwise similar, gamma-ray - quiet blazars. As such, the results of this survey are appropriate for both phenomenological population studies and for tests of theoretical population models. We have measured polarization fractions as low as $0.015$ down to $R$ magnitude of 17 and as low as $0.035$ down to 18 magnitude. The hypothesis that the polarization fractions of gamma-ray - loud and gamma-ray - quiet blazars are drawn from the same distribution is rejected at the $10^{-3}$ level. We therefore conclude that gamma-ray - loud and gamma-ray - quiet sources have different optical polarization properties. This is the first time this statistical difference is demonstrated in optical wavelengths. The polarization fraction distributions of both samples are well-described by exponential distributions with averages of $\langle p \rangle =6.4 ^{+0.9}_{-0.8}\times 10^{-2}$ for gamma-ray--loud blazars, and $\langle p \rangle =3.2 ^{+2.0}_{-1.1}\times 10^{-2}$ for gamma-ray--quiet blazars. The most probable value for the difference of the means is $3.4^{+1.5}_{-2.0}\times 10^{-2}$. The distribution of polarization angles is statistically consistent with being uniform.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures, accepted by MNRAS. ASCII versions of Tables 2 and 3 are available as ancillary files with this submission
Behavior of odd-even mass staggering around 132Sn
Creators: name: Coraggio, L.
name: Covello, A.
name: Gargano, A.
name: Itaco, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed shell-model calculations of binding energies of nuclei around $^{132}$Sn. The main aim of our study has been to find out if the behavior of odd-even staggering across N=82 is explainable in terms of the shell model. In our calculations, we have employed realistic low-momentum two-body effective interactions derived from the CD-Bonn nucleon-nucleon potential that have already proved quite successful in describing the spectroscopic properties of nuclei in the $^{132}$Sn region. Comparison shows that our results fully explains the trend of the experimental staggering.
description: 3 pages, 1 figure
Measurement of a 127 keV Neutron Field with a micro-TPC Spectrometer
Creators: name: Maire, D.
name: Billard, J.
name: Bosson, G.
name: Bourrion, O.
name: Guillaudin, O.
name: Lamblin, J.
name: Lebreton, L.
name: Mayet, F.
name: Médard, J.
name: Muraz, J. F.
name: Petit, M.
name: Richer, J. P.
name: Riffard, Q.
name: Santos, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to measure the energy of neutron fields, with energy ranging from 8 keV to 1 MeV, a new primary standard is being developed at the IRSN (Institute for Radioprotection and Nuclear Safety). This project, micro-TPC (Micro Time Projection Chamber), carried out in collaboration with the LPSC (Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie), is based on the nuclear recoil detector principle. The instrument is presented with the associated method to measure the neutron energy. This article emphasizes the proton energy calibration procedure and energy measurements of a neutron field produced at 127 keV with the IRSN facility AMANDE.
description: 7 pages. Submitted in IEEE TNS/ Special Issue ANIMMA 2013
Turbulent pattern formation and diffusion in the early-time dynamics in the relativistic heavy-ion collision
Creators: name: Fukushima, Kenji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a picture of turbulent pattern formation in the relativistic heavy-ion collision, which follows an efficient process to break color strings and dispose energy in the whole phase space. We perform numerical simulations using the SU(2) pure Yang-Mills theory in a non-expanding box to observe a dynamical phenomenon in the transverse plane akin to the domain growth in time-dependent spin systems.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, characterization of the avalanche and the diffusion clarified; more numerical data presented for systematics
A pre-explosion optical transient event from a white dwarf merger with a giant supernova progenitor
Creators: name: Sabach, Efrat
name: Soker, Noam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine rare evolutionary routes of binary systems where the initially more massive primary star of ~5.5-8.5Mo, forms a white dwarf (WD), while the secondary star of 4Mo < M_2,0 < M_1,0 accretes mass from the evolved primary and later terminates as a core collapse supernova (CCSN). In such a WD-NS reverse evolution a neutron star (NS) or a potential NS-progenitor massive core is formed after the WD. These SN explosions are likely to be preceded by strong interaction of the WD with the giant secondary's core, leading to an Intermediate-Luminosity Optical Transient (ILOT; Red Transient; Red Nova) event, weeks to years before the explosion. The common envelope phase of the WD and the giant ends with a merger that forms an ILOT, or an envelope ejection that leads, after a CCSN of the giant's core, to a NS-NS or WD-NS surviving binary. The WD could suffer a thermonuclear explosion, that might be observed as a Type Ia SN. Most of these CCSN and thermonuclear explosions will be peculiar. We calculate the stellar evolution of representative cases using Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA). The occurrence rate of these systems is ~3-5 percent of that of CCSNe.
description: Final version, accepted by MNRAS
Morphology, behavior, and phylogenomics of Oxytoxum lohmannii
Creators: name: Cooney, Elizabeth
name: Wolfe, Gordon
name: Bright, Kelley
name: Saldarriaga, Juan
name: Keeling, keelab
name: Leander, Brian
name: Strom, Suzanne
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: dinoflagellate
non-photosynthetic plastid
Grazing
peduncle feeding
proteorhodopsin
Phylogenomics

description: Dinoflagellates are an abundant and diverse group of protists representing a wealth of unique biology and ecology. While many dinoflagellates are photosynthetic or mixotrophic, many taxa are heterotrophs, often with complex feeding strategies. Compared to their photosynthetic counterparts, heterotrophic dinoflagellates remain understudied, as they are difficult to culture. One exception, a long-cultured isolate originally classified as Amphidinium but recently reclassified as Oxytoxum, has been the subject of a number of feeding, growth, and chemosensory studies. This lineage was recently determined to be closely related to Prorocentrum using phylogenetics of ribosomal RNA gene sequences, but the exact nature of this relationship remains unresolved. Using transcriptomes sequenced from culture and three single cells from the environment, we produce a robust phylogeny of 242 genes, revealing Oxytoxum is likely sister to the Prorocentrum clade, rather than nested within it. Molecular investigations uncover evidence of a reduced, non-photosynthetic plastid and proteorhodopsin, a photoactive proton pump acquired horizontally from bacteria. We describe the ultrastructure of O. lohmannii, including densely packed trichocysts, and a new type of mucocyst. We observe that O. lohmannii feeds preferentially on cryptophytes using myzocytosis, but can also feed on various phytoflagellates using conventional phagocytosis. O. lohmannii is amenable to culture, providing an opportunity to better study heterotrophic dinoflagellate biology and feeding ecology.
description: Funding provided by: National Science FoundationROR ID: https://ror.org/021nxhr62Award Number: OCE-9730952
Funding provided by: Gordon and Betty Moore FoundationROR ID: https://ror.org/006wxqw41Award Number: GBMF9201
Funding provided by: Natural Sciences and Engineering Research CouncilROR ID: https://ror.org/01h531d29Award Number: NSERC 2019-03986
Funding provided by: Natural Sciences and Engineering Research CouncilROR ID: https://ror.org/01h531d29Award Number: NSERC 2019-03994
Composite Goldstone Dark Matter: Experimental Predictions from the Lattice
Creators: name: Hietanen, Ari
name: Lewis, Randy
name: Pica, Claudio
name: Sannino, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study, via first principles lattice simulations, the nonperturbative dynamics of $SU(2)$ gauge theory with two fundamental Dirac flavors. The model can be used simultaneously as a template for composite Goldstone boson dark matter and for breaking the electroweak symmetry dynamically. We compute the form factor, allowing us to estimate the associated electromagnetic charge radius. Interestingly we observe that the form factor obeys vector meson dominance even for the two color theory. We finally compare the model predictions with dark matter direct detection experiments. We find that the composite Goldstone boson dark matter cross sections is constrained by the most stringent direct-detection experiments. Our results are a foundation for quantitative new composite dynamics relevant for model building, and are of interest to current experiments.
description: RevTeX, 26 pages, 10 figures. Highly expanded version where the details of the numerical analysis are spelled out in much detail. The updated manuscript includes also refined numerical analyses including more data. We also updated the comparison with direct-detection constraints. The results fully support the conclusions of the first version of the manuscript
title: Predicting Public Trust in Science: The Role of Basic Orientations Toward Science, Perceived Trustworthiness of Scientists, and Experiences With Science
Creators: name: Wintterlin, Florian
name: Hendriks, Friederike
name: Mede, Niels G.
name: Bromme, Rainer
name: Metag, Julia
name: Schäfer, Mike S.
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 300 Social sciences, Anthropology

description: Scientists (and science as a whole) provide evidence and advice for societal problem solving and collective decision-making. For this advice to be heard, the public must be willing to trust science, where "trust" means that one can confidently expect science to provide reliable knowledge and evidence, even if one’s understanding of science is bounded. According to the sociological and psychological literature, citizens’ basic attitudes toward, experiences with, and perceived trustworthiness of the trustee serve as antecedents of trust. From this, we developed a model for the public’s trust in science, and we tested this model in a nationally representative survey in Switzerland (N = 1,050). The analysis reveals that trust in science was best predicted by positivistic attitudes toward science (beta = 0.33) and to a lesser extent by trustworthiness assessments of scientists (beta = 0.24). Experiences with science did not predict trust in science (beta = 0.07). These results suggest that stable basic attitudes toward science and its role in society are grounds on which trust in science can be built.
description: Finanziert durch den Open-Access-Publikationsfonds der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU Münster).
Monmouth University Poll: Mid-March 2016 Florida Primary
Creators: name: Monmouth University Polling Institute
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2022

description: Registered to vote (1); voter likelihood (1); Republican/Democratic presidential primary (2); Republican presidential primary candidates (5); Businessman Donald Trump support post rally (1); Trump vs. Former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton for U.S. President (1); job performance Senator Marco Rubio (1).
The Effect of Fluctuations on the QCD Critical Point in a Finite Volume
Creators: name: Tripolt, Ralf-Arno
name: Braun, Jens
name: Klein, Bertram
name: Schaefer, Bernd-Jochen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effect of a finite volume on the critical behavior of the theory of the strong interaction (QCD) by means of a quark-meson model for two quark flavors. In particular, we analyze the effect of a finite volume on the location of the critical point in the phase diagram existing in our model. In our analysis, we take into account the effect of long-range fluctuations with the aid of renormalization group techniques. We find that these quantum and thermal fluctuations, absent in mean-field studies, play an import role for the dynamics in a finite volume. We show that the critical point is shifted towards smaller temperatures and larger values of the quark chemical potential if the volume size is decreased. This behavior persists for antiperiodic as well as periodic boundary conditions for the quark fields as used in many lattice QCD simulations.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, 1 table
Orbits of radial migrators and non-migrators around a spiral arm in N-body simulations
Creators: name: Grand, Robert J. J.
name: Kawata, Daisuke
name: Cropper, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent numerical N-body simulations of spiral galaxies have shown that spiral arms in N-body simulations seem to rotate at a similar speed to the local rotation speed of the stellar disc material. This in turn yields winding, transient and recurrent spiral structure, whose co-rotating nature gives rise to changes in the angular momentum (radial migration) of star particles close to the spiral arm at many radii. From high resolution N-body simulations, we highlight the evolution of strongly migrating star particles (migrators) and star particles that do not migrate (non-migrators) around a spiral arm. We investigate the individual orbit histories of migrators and non-migrators and find that there are several types of migrator and non-migrator, each with unique radial evolution. We contrast each type of orbit to establish the reasons for the differences between them. We find that the positive (negative) migrators sustain a position behind (in front of) the spiral arm, and feel continuous tangential force as long as the spiral arm persists. On the other hand, non-migrators stay close to the spiral arm, and pass or are passed by the spiral arm one or two times. Although they gain or lose the angular momentum when they are behind or in front of the spiral arm, their net angular momentum change becomes close to zero. We discuss also the long term effects of radial migration on the radial metallicity distribution and radial angular momentum and mass profiles. [Abridged]
description: MNRAS accepted. 18 pages, 13 figures: 3 new figures and new section added on the effects of radial migration on the metallicity and angular momentum distribution evolution
An Improved Interface for Interactive Proofs in Separation Logic
Creators: name: König, Lars
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2022

description: Seit Software entwickelt wird, stellt sich die Frage, ob diese korrekt ist, d.h. ob sie das tut, was sie tun soll. Gegeben eine formale Spezifikation der Anforderungen, ist eine Aufgabe der Softwareverifikation also zu beweisen, ob eine Implementierung diese Spezifikation erfüllt. Diese Aufgabe kann schwierig zu lösen sein, wenn die verwendete Programmiersprache Befehle mit globalem Effekt erlaubt, sodass diese andere Befehle in unabhängigen Teilen des Programms beeinflussen können, zum Beispiel durch einen gemeinsam genutzten Heap-Speicher. Separation-Logic löst dieses Problem, indem es Aussagen um einen separierenden Operator erweitert, wodurch es möglich ist, Teile eines Programms als unabhängig vom Rest des Programms anzusehen. Ein Werkzeug, das Beweise zur Softwareverifikation unterstützt, sind interaktive Theorembeweiser. Allerdings benötigen Separation-Logic-Beweise in interaktiven Theorembeweisern, besonders mit nicht-linearem Typsystem, viel manuellen Aufwand zur Verwaltung der benötigten Datenstrukturen. Dies kann vermieden werden, indem dem Nutzer eine Schnittstelle zur Verfügung gestellt wird, die Beweise auf der typischen, höheren Abstraktionsebene ermöglicht. Diese Arbeit beschreibt eine neue Schnittstelle für Separation-Logic-Beweise in dem interaktiven Theorembeweiser Lean 4, basierend auf dem Iris-Projekt, und die Verbesserungen an dieser Schnittstelle.
Technical Report: How does the o1 model work,SFT and RL Training Method with Reflection Mechanism
Creators: name: Song, Zihui
name: Shihao, Ji
name: Jisen, Jia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 461103
subject: Deep learning

description: With the rapid advancement of natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning, the reasoning and generation capabilities of language models have significantly improved. However, current models often struggle with complex reasoning tasks, generating errors, or failing to correct them effectively. To address these challenges, this report introduces a training method that incorporates a "reflection" mechanism during Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) and Reinforcement Learning (RL) phases. By introducing a special token "wait" during model generation, the method encourages the model to reflect upon its outputs, leading to improved quality and accuracy.
Spin- and valley-dependent magneto-optical properties of MoS2
Creators: name: Rose, Félix
name: Goerbig, M. O.
name: Piéchon, Frédéric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the behavior of low-energy electrons in two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide when submitted to an external magnetic field. Highly degenerate Landau levels form in the material, between which light-induced excitations are possible. The dependence of excitations on light polarization and energy is explicitly determined, and it is shown that it is possible to induce valley and spin polarization, i.e. to excite electrons of selected valley and spin. Whereas the effective low-energy model in terms of massive Dirac fermions yields dipole-type selection rules, higher-order band corrections allow for the observation of additional transitions. Furthermore, inter-Landau-level transitions involving the n=0 levels provide a reliable method for an experimental measurement of the gap and the spin-orbit gap of molybdenum disulfide.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures; published version with minor modifications
How (not) to teach Lorentz covariance of the Dirac equation
Creators: name: Nikolic, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the textbook proofs of Lorentz covariance of the Dirac equation, one treats the wave function as a spinor and gamma matrices as scalars, leading to a quite complicated formalism with several pedagogic drawbacks. As an alternative, I propose to teach Dirac equation and its Lorentz covariance by using a much simpler, but physically equivalent formalism, in which these drawbacks do not appear. In this alternative formalism, the wave function transforms as a scalar and gamma matrices as components of a vector, such that the standard physically relevant bilinear combinations do not change their transformation properties. The alternative formalism allows also a natural construction of some additional non-standard bilinear combinations with well-defined transformation properties.
description: 13 pages, revised, accepted for publication in Eur. J. Phys
Arbitrarily accurate passband composite pulses for dynamical suppression of amplitude noise
Creators: name: Kyoseva, Elica
name: Vitanov, Nikolay V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce flexible high-fidelity passband (PB) composite pulse sequences constructed by concatenation of recently derived arbitrarily large and arbitrarily accurate broadband $\mathcal{B}$ and narrowband $\mathcal{N}$ composite sequences. Our PB sequences allow to produce flexible and tunable nearly rectangular two-state inversion profiles as a function of the individual pulse area because the width and the rectangularity of these profiles can be adjusted at will. Moreover, these PB sequences suppress excitation around pulse area $0$ and $2π$, and suppress deviations from complete population inversion around pulse area $π$ to arbitrarily high orders. These features makes them a valuable tool for high-fidelity qubit operations in the presence of relatively strong amplitude noise. We construct two types of PB pulses: $\mathcal{N}(\mathcal{B})$ in which a broadband pulse is nested into a narrowband pulse, and $\mathcal{B}(\mathcal{N})$ in which a narrowband pulse is nested into a broadband pulse; the latter sequences deliver narrower profiles. We derive exact analytic formulas for the composite phases of the PB pulses and exact analytic formulas for the inversion profiles. These formulas allow an easy estimation of the experimental resources needed for any desired qubit inversion profile.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Topology of Musical Data
Creators: name: Budney, Ryan
name: Sethares, William
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 55U10, 65D-18

description: The musical realm is a promising area in which to expect to find nontrivial topological structures. This paper describes several kinds of metrics on musical data, and explores the implications of these metrics in two ways: via techniques of classical topology where the metric space of all-possible musical data can be described explicitly, and via modern data-driven ideas of persistent homology which calculates the Betti-number bar-codes of individual musical works. Both analyses are able to recover three well known topological structures in music: the circle of notes (octave-reduced scalar structures), the circle of fifths, and the rhythmic repetition of timelines. Applications to a variety of musical works (for example, folk music in the form of standard MIDI files) are presented, and the bar codes show many interesting features. Examples show that individual pieces may span the complete space (in which case the classical and the data-driven analyses agree), or they may span only part of the space.
description: 32 pages, 42 figures, v1->v2 reference updates, typos and many small touch-ups
Olezarsen, a liver-directed APOC3 ASO therapy for hypertriglyceridemia
Creators: name: Hooper, Amanda J.
name: Bell, Damon A.
name: Burnett, John R.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Apolipoprotein (apo)C-III, a key regulator of plasma triglyceride (TG) levels, is a prime candidate for the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia (HTG), prevention of acute pancreatitis, and reduction of future atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) events. We discuss the role of apoC-III as a therapeutic target for HTG, describe the pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and metabolism of olezarsen, as well as report on the findings of recent clinical trials with this liver-directed APOC3 antisense oligonucleotide (ASO). Olezarsen, a GalNac-conjugated ASO targeting apoC-III, can reduce TG levels by ~ 50% in patients with extreme HTG due to familial chylomicronemia syndrome, as well as in patients with moderate HTG. Attention is now focused on whether olezarsen reduces ASCVD risk in patients with moderate and severe HTG. While olezarsen does cause elevations in liver enzymes, these changes are not clinically meaningful, and are not associated with thrombocytopenia, an issue with its predecessor. The need for 4-weekly administration puts olezarsen at a disadvantage to competing injectables. Results from the CORE, CORE2, and ESSENCE phase III clinical trials in patients with severe HTG, expected in the second half of 2025, will help determine the requirement for a larger cardiovascular outcomes trial.
Fermionic greybody factors in dilaton black holes
Creators: name: Abedi, Jahed
name: Arfaei, Hessamaddin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper the question of emission of fermions in the process of dilaton black hole evolution and its characters for different dilaton coupling constants $α$ is studied. The main quantity of interest, the greybody factors are calculated both numerically and in analytical approximation. The dependence of rates of evaporation and behaviour on the dilaton coupling constant is analyzed. Having calculated the greybody factors we are able to address the question of the final fate of the dilaton black hole. For that we also need to make dynamical treatment of the solution by considering the backreaction which will show a crucial effect on the final result. We find a transition line in $(Q/M, α)$ plane that separates the two regimes for the fate of the black hole, decay regime and extremal regime. In the decay regime the black hole completely evaporates, while in the extremal regime the black hole approaches the extremal limit by radiation and becomes stable.
description: 40+1 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables. Discussions improved. Version published in Classical and Quantum Gravity
Observing interferences between past and future quantum states in resonance fluorescence
Creators: name: Campagne-Ibarcq, Philippe
name: Bretheau, Landry
name: Flurin, Emmanuel
name: Auffèves, Alexia
name: Mallet, François
name: Huard, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In quantum physics, measurement results are random but their statistics can be predicted assuming some knowledge about the system in the past. Additional knowledge from a future measurement deeply changes the statistics in the present and leads to purely quantum features. In particular conditioned average outcomes of a weak measurement, so-called weak values, were shown to go beyond the conventional range, give a way to directly measure complex quantities, and can be used to enhance the sensitivity of quantum meters. Recently, these concepts have been considered in the general case of open quantum systems where decoherence occurs. Then, what are the properties of weak values for the unavoidable measurement associated to decoherence, the one performed by the environment? Here, we answer this question in the simplest open quantum system: a quantum bit in presence of a relaxation channel. We continuously monitor the fluorescence emitted by a superconducting qubit driven at resonance. Conditioned on initial preparation and final single shot measurement outcome of the qubit state, we probe weak values displaying all the above properties. The fluorescence signal exhibits interferences between oscillations associated to past and future quantum states. The measured data are in complete agreement with theory.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. Supplemnatary information available as an ancillary file here
ENTREPRENEURIAT COMME UN OUTIL POUR LA REDUCTION DU CHOMAGE ET DE LA PAUVRETE DANS LE DISTRICT DE MONT-AMBA
Creators: name: MBUNGANI BILO Elvis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Dans un contexte mondial marqué par une stagnation économique et une montée du chômage, cette étude analyse l’impact de l’entrepreneuriat sur la réduction du chômage et de la pauvreté en République Démocratique du Congo (RDC), avec un focus particulier sur le district de Mont-Amba, à Kinshasa. Malgré des ressources naturelles abondantes, la RDC demeure l’un des pays les plus pauvres, en raison d’inégalités criantes, d’une faible performance des services publics et d’une mauvaise gouvernance.

Face à ces défis, l’entrepreneuriat se présente comme une alternative pour dynamiser l’économie et améliorer les conditions de vie. Cette recherche s’appuie sur des hypothèses selon lesquelles l’entrepreneuriat contribue significativement à réduire le chômage et la pauvreté, et que les PME locales se concentrent sur des activités comme le commerce, la communication et les services.

Méthodologiquement, des questionnaires et des interviews semi-directives ont été utilisés pour collecter des données. Les résultats révèlent que l’entrepreneuriat joue un rôle déterminant dans la création d’emplois et l’amélioration des conditions socio-économiques, bien que des obstacles comme le manque de financements persistent.