Syntomoza Enderlein 1912
Creators: name: Aléné Geonho Cho, Daniel Burckhardt Liliya Š. Serbina Igor Malenovský Dalva L. Queiroz Désirée C.
name: Percy, Diana M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Liviidae
Syntomoza

description: Syntomoza Enderlein, 1912
Syntomoza Enderlein 1921: 117.
Type species: Euphyllura magna Kuwayama, 1908, by original designation and monotypy.
Diagnosis: Adult. Head, in lateral view, deflexed 45° from longitudinal axis of body (Fig. 1E); in dorsal view much narrower than thorax, moderately transverse. Vertex rhomboidal, covered in areolate-rugose microsculpture, passing smoothly into genae anteriorly; coronal suture weakly developed at base; genae weakly produced ventrally but not enlarged into processes; frons forming narrow longitudinal band which is narrowed in the middle; frontal ocellus barely visible from above; compound eyes, in dorsal view, hemispherical, adpressed to head. Clypeus pear-shaped, small, rounded ventrally, hardly visible in lateral view as it is hidden by genae. Antenna slightly shorter than head width; flagellum with simple setae; segment 3 longest; segments 4, 6, 8, and 9 bearing each a subapical rhinarium surrounded by a wreath of spines. Thorax massive; dorsal outline, in lateral view, strongly curved. Pronotum, in dorsal view, almost straight, subrectagular; propleurites subrectangular, divided by oblique suture into larger epimeron and smaller episternum. Metapostnotum with flattened blunt tubercle. Mesosternum (Fig. 5F) wider than head, forming transverse band, more than three times as wide as long laterally; anterior margin weakly concave; pleurosternal suture hardly visible; basisternum small, oval; katepisternum small antero-laterally, not bent dorsad laterally; angle between arms of precoxale obtuse. Pro- and mesotibiae cylindrical. Metacoxa (Fig. 6B) with short, knob-like meracanthus. Metafemur with the three ventral sense organs in the middle; apex without stout long setae. Metatibia longer than metafemur, slightly widened apically; bearing 9–10 slightly irregularly spaced apical sclerotized spurs and one peg-like seta adjacent to inner spurs. Both metatarsal segments relatively short, subequal in length. Forewing subtrapezoidal, with relatively straight, subparallel costal and anal margins, about 1.8 times as long as wide, coriaceous; vein C + Sc almost straight, slightly widened but indistinctly delimited from cell; costal break well-developed, in distance from apex of vein R 1, pterostigma indistinct; nodal line not developed; veins R and M + Cu subequal; vein Rs weakly sinuous; vein M much longer than its branches; vein Cu 1a concave relative to anal wing margin; veins Rs, M 1 + 2, M 3 + 4 and Cu 1a apically slightly curved towards costal margin; anal break adjacent to apex of vein Cu 1b; surface spinules present in all cells, densely spaced. Hindwing slightly shorter than forewing; with six to nine costal setae proximal to costal break and two groups distal to costal break, four to five dense setae proximally and three to four spaced setae distally; vein R + M + Cu indistinctly trifurcating, base of vein Cu indistinct. Abdominal base with a weakly sclerotized area on either side covered in spines. Aedeagus with simple proximal portion bearing many weak folds subapically; apex of distal portion not differentiated from stem. Female subgenital plate lacking apical process.
Last instar immature. Antenna eight segments; lacking sectasetae or lanceolate setae on antennal flagellum. Mid- and hindlegs without massive peg-like setae. Dorsal body surface lacking minute clavate setae. Precaudal abdominal tergites lacking densely spaced simple setae or sectasetae. Anus in terminal position; no additional pore fields developed.
Comments: The molecular and morphological analyses (Figs 10, 11; Supporting Information, File S4) suggest that Syntomoza sensu Burckhardt and Mifsud (2003) is polyphyletic (cf. comment under Anomoterga). In the restricted definition the genus is monotypic. The distribution and host plants are summarized in Table 3 and Supporting Information, File S3.
description: Published as part of Aléné Geonho Cho, Daniel Burckhardt Liliya Š. Serbina Igor Malenovský Dalva L. Queiroz Désirée C. & Percy, Diana M., 2024, Phylogeny and classification of jumping plant lice of the subfamily Liviinae (Hemiptera: Psylloidea: Liviidae) based on molecular and morphological data, pp. 387-421 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 201 (2) on page 407, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad128, http://zenodo.org/record/13219879