cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Manipulating Spin-polarized Photocurrent in 2D Transition Metal Dichalcogenides
Creators: name: Lu, Xie
name: Cui, Xiaodong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Manipulating spin polarization of electrons in nonmagnetic semiconductors by means of electric fields or optical fields is an essential theme of the conceptual nonmagnetic semiconductor-based spintronics. Here we experimentally demonstrate a method of generating spin polarization in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) by the circularly polarized optical pumping. The fully spin-polarized photocurrent is achieved through the valley dependent optical selection rules and the spin-valley locking in monolayer WS2, and electrically detected by a lateral spin-valve structure with ferromagnetic contacts. The demonstrated long spin lifetime, the unique valley contrasted physics and the spin-valley locking make monolayer WS2 an unprecedented candidate for semiconductor based spintronics.
Approximate Fisher Kernels of non-iid Image Models for Image Categorization
Creators: name: Cinbis, Ramazan Gokberk
name: Verbeek, Jakob
name: Schmid, Cordelia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The bag-of-words (BoW) model treats images as sets of local descriptors and represents them by visual word histograms. The Fisher vector (FV) representation extends BoW, by considering the first and second order statistics of local descriptors. In both representations local descriptors are assumed to be identically and independently distributed (iid), which is a poor assumption from a modeling perspective. It has been experimentally observed that the performance of BoW and FV representations can be improved by employing discounting transformations such as power normalization. In this paper, we introduce non-iid models by treating the model parameters as latent variables which are integrated out, rendering all local regions dependent. Using the Fisher kernel principle we encode an image by the gradient of the data log-likelihood w.r.t. the model hyper-parameters. Our models naturally generate discounting effects in the representations; suggesting that such transformations have proven successful because they closely correspond to the representations obtained for non-iid models. To enable tractable computation, we rely on variational free-energy bounds to learn the hyper-parameters and to compute approximate Fisher kernels. Our experimental evaluation results validate that our models lead to performance improvements comparable to using power normalization, as employed in state-of-the-art feature aggregation methods.
description: IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, in press, 2015
Clare Mongale, Neslihan Şenocak (ed.), Lateran IV. Theology and Care of Souls, Turnhout (Brepols) 2023
Creators: name: Schwarz, Aaron
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2023

description: Clare Mongale, Neslihan Şenocak (ed.), Lateran IV. Theology and Care of Souls, Turnhout (Brepols) 2023, 219 p., 3 fig. (Disputatio, 34), ISBN 978-2-503-59680-8, EUR 75,00.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2023/3
Observations of Hierarchical Solar-Type Multiple Star Systems
Creators: name: Roberts,, Lewis C.
name: Tokovinin, Andrei
name: Mason, Brian D.
name: Hartkopf, William I.
name: Riddle, Reed L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Twenty multiple stellar systems with solar-type primaries were observed at high angular resolution using the PALM-3000 adaptive optics system at the 5 m Hale telescope. The goal was to complement the knowledge of hierarchical multiplicity in the solar neighborhood by confirming recent discoveries by the visible Robo-AO system with new near-infrared observations with PALM-3000. The physical status of most, but not all, of the new pairs is confirmed by photometry in the Ks band and new positional measurements. In addition, we resolved for the first time five close sub-systems: the known astrometric binary in HIP 17129AB, companions to the primaries of HIP 33555, and HIP 118213, and the companions to the secondaries in HIP 25300 and HIP 101430. We place the components on a color-magnitude diagram and discuss each multiple system individually.
description: Accepted to Astronomical Journal
Space of intimacy and the plural reflexivity of the couples
Creators: name: Casavecchia, Andrea
Publisher: name: QuiEdit
Year: 2018
Subjects: couples; intimate space; morphogenetic process

description: The de-institutionalization of couple’s models, the re-composition of gender relations and the change in the balance of power between the partners require motivating the relationship constraint on emotional-affective dimensions (Di Nicola, 2008).

The present study compares three theories to analyse the couple’s relationship: the pure relationship (Giddens, 2008), the double compromise model (De Singly, 2006), the relational theory (Donati, 2007), it highlights their difference in the description of the reflexivity dimension.

By the results of a research conducted collecting interviews key informant, directed to young couples partners. It proves on the one hand as reflexivity is a feature common to respondents and individuals in ‘intimate space’ – a kind of place of internal conversation (Archer, 2003), in which it verifies-justifies designs living together, on the other hand it observes its realization in the modus vivendi of couples to place them inside one of the three theories.
description: Italian Sociological Review, Vol 8, No 1 (2018)
Spectroscopy of $^{19}$Ne for the thermonuclear $^{15}$O($α,γ$)$^{19}$Ne and $^{18}$F($p,α$)$^{15}$O reaction rates
Creators: name: Parikh, A.
name: Laird, A. M.
name: de Séréville, N.
name: Wimmer, K.
name: Faestermann, T.
name: Hertenberger, R.
name: Seiler, D.
name: Wirth, H. -F.
name: Adsley, P.
name: Fulton, B. R.
name: Hammache, F.
name: Kiener, J.
name: Stefan, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Uncertainties in the thermonuclear rates of the $^{15}$O($α,γ$)$^{19}$Ne and $^{18}$F($p,α$)$^{15}$O reactions affect model predictions of light curves from type I X-ray bursts and the amount of the observable radioisotope $^{18}$F produced in classical novae, respectively. To address these uncertainties, we have studied the nuclear structure of $^{19}$Ne over $E_{x} = 4.0 - 5.1$ MeV and $6.1 - 7.3$ MeV using the $^{19}$F($^{3}$He,t)$^{19}$Ne reaction. We find the $J^π$ values of the 4.14 and 4.20 MeV levels to be consistent with $9/2^{-}$ and $7/2^{-}$ respectively, in contrast to previous assumptions. We confirm the recently observed triplet of states around 6.4 MeV, and find evidence that the state at 6.29 MeV, just below the proton threshold, is either broad or a doublet. Our data also suggest that predicted but yet unobserved levels may exist near the 6.86 MeV state. Higher resolution experiments are urgently needed to further clarify the structure of $^{19}$Ne around the proton threshold before a reliable $^{18}$F($p,α$)$^{15}$O rate for nova models can be determined.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, Phys. Rev. C (in press)
Intermediate registration for 'Wisdom, fast & slow'
Creators: name: Morin, Olivier
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: The purpose of this intermediate registration is to provide an update on the project we registered on Feb. 20, 2017. It reports on the first phase of the project, plans the steps ahead with more precision, and gives the full list of proverbs to be investigated in the next steps.
Jean-Loup Lemaitre (éd.), L’obituaire de l’abbaye des Allois et les extraits des obituaires des abbayes de la Règle et Bonnesaigne, Paris (Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres) 2022
Creators: name: Neiske, Franz
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2023

description: Jean-Loup Lemaitre (éd.), L’obituaire de l’abbaye des Allois et les extraits des obituaires des abbayes de la Règle et Bonnesaigne, Paris (Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres) 2022, VIII–200 p., 18 pl. (Recueil des historiens de la France. Obituaires. Série in-8°, 28), ISBN 978-2-87754-694-2, EUR 40,00.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2023/3
Using rotation measure grids to detect cosmological magnetic fields -- a Bayesian approach
Creators: name: Vacca, V.
name: Oppermann, N.
name: Ensslin, T.
name: Jasche, J.
name: Selig, M.
name: Greiner, M.
name: Junklewitz, H.
name: Reinecke, M.
name: Brueggen, M.
name: Carretti, E.
name: Feretti, L.
name: Ferrari, C.
name: Hales, C. A.
name: Horellou, C.
name: Ideguchi, S.
name: Johnston-Hollitt, M.
name: Pizzo, R. F.
name: Roettgering, H.
name: Shimwell, T. W.
name: Takahashi, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Determining magnetic field properties in different environments of the cosmic large-scale structure as well as their evolution over redshift is a fundamental step toward uncovering the origin of cosmic magnetic fields. Radio observations permit the study of extragalactic magnetic fields via measurements of the Faraday depth of extragalactic radio sources. Our aim is to investigate how much different extragalactic environments contribute to the Faraday depth variance of these sources. We develop a Bayesian algorithm to distinguish statistically Faraday depth variance contributions intrinsic to the source from those due to the medium between the source and the observer. In our algorithm the Galactic foreground and the measurement noise are taken into account as the uncertainty correlations of the galactic model. Additionally, our algorithm allows for the investigation of possible redshift evolution of the extragalactic contribution. This work presents the derivation of the algorithm and tests performed on mock observations. With cosmic magnetism being one of the key science projects of the new generation of radio interferometers we have made predictions for the algorithm's performance on data from the next generation of radio interferometers. Applications to real data are left for future work.
description: 27 pages, 14 figures, Submitted to A&A
Contextualization of Hadith. To Oppose the Patriarchy and Dehumanization in Building the Civilization of Gender in Islam
Creators: name: (Damanhuri), Damanhuri
Publisher: name: QuiEdit
Year: 2018
Subjects: Al Quran; hadith; civilization, gender

description: The thought about women’s participation in building a civilization of mankind do not only affect in the political field, but also in the domestic and some aspects of human life. Women should not be placed in undertaken side, so that if they are ineligible to control and determine the direction of development of the state and the nation. Women should play an active role alongside men to build the country into an ample effort to achieve progress in various aspects of life, economic, political, social and cultural. In this issue, it was the scientists’ discovery for admitted, but on one-sided of other existing discoveries, the authors are also dominated by men and the textual approach has gained strength in understanding the Prophet says. This article concludes that the cause of patriarchal attitudes and dehumanization is the bias of the rigid textual approach.
description: Italian Sociological Review, Vol 8, No 1 (2018)
The Structure and Evolution of Protoplanetary Disks: an infrared and submillimeter view
Creators: name: Cieza, Lucas A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Circumstellar disks are the sites of planet formation, and the very high incidence of extrasolar planets implies that most of them actually form planetary systems. Studying the structure and evolution of protoplanetary disks can thus place important constraints on the conditions, timescales, and mechanisms associated with the planet formation process. In this review, we discuss observational results from infrared and submillimeter wavelength studies. We review disk lifetimes, transition objects, disk demographics, and highlight a few remarkable results from ALMA Early Science observations. We finish with a brief discussion of ALMA's potential to transform the field in near future.
description: Invited Review. 7 Pages. To appear in "Young Stars and Planets Near the Sun", Proceedings of IAU Symposium No. 314 (Cambridge University Press), J.H. Kastner, B. Stelzer, S.A. Metchev, eds
Monolithic Semiconductor Chips as a Source for Broadband Wavelength-Multiplexed Polarization Entangled Photons
Creators: name: Kang, Dongpeng
name: Anirban, Ankita
name: Helmy, Amr S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Generating entangled photons from a monolithic chip is a major milestone towards real-life applications of optical quantum information processing including quantum key distribution and quantum computing. Ultrabroadband entangled photons are of particular interest to various applications such as quantum metrology and multi-party entanglement distribution. In this work, we demonstrate the direct generation of broadband wavelength multiplexed polarization entangled photons from a semiconductor chip for the first time. Without the use of any on-chip compensation, interferometry, entangled photons with a signal-idler separation as large as 95 nm in the telecom band were observed. The highest concurrence of 0.98$\pm$0.01 achieved in this work is also the highest, to the best of our knowledge, comparing to all previously demonstrated semiconductor waveguide sources. This work paves the way for fully integrated, ultrabroadband sources of polarization entangled photons.
Gordonoryssomus nigrus Almeida 1995
Creators: name: Almeida, Lúcia M.
name: Santos, Paula B.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Coccinellidae
Gordonoryssomus
Gordonoryssomus nigrus

description: 3. Gordonoryssomus nigrus Almeida & Lima, 1995
Gordonoryssomus nigrus Almeida & Lima, 1995: 713–715 (original description, morphological details and male genitalia figured).
Type material: Holotype, male (USNM). Type locality: “Santa Cruz, Bolivia ”.
Geographical distribution: Bolivia (Fig. 17).
description: Published as part of Almeida, Lúcia M. & Santos, Paula B., 2014, Synopsis of Oryssomini Gordon (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from the Neotropical region with new species of Oryssomus Mulsant, Pseudoryssomus Gordon and Gordonoryssomus Almeida & Lima, pp. 42-68 in Zootaxa 3846 (1) on page 65, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3846.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/250860
Unexpected phonon-transport properties of stanene among 2D group-IV materials from \textit{ab initio}
Creators: name: Peng, Bo
name: Zhang, Hao
name: Shao, Hezhu
name: Xu, Yuanfeng
name: Ni, Gang
name: Zhang, Rongjun
name: Zhu, Heyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been argued that stanene has lowest lattice thermal conductivity among 2D group-IV materials because of largest atomic mass, weakest interatomic bonding, and enhanced ZA phonon scattering due to the breaking of an out-of-plane symmetry selection rule. However, we show that although the lattice thermal conductivity $κ$ for graphene, silicene and germanene decreases monotonically with decreasing Debye temperature, unexpected higher $κ$ is observed in stanene. By enforcing all the invariance conditions in 2D materials and including Ge $3d$ and Sn $4d$ electrons as valence electrons for germanene and stanene respectively, the lattice dynamics in these materials are accurately described. A large acoustic-optical gap and the bunching of the acoustic phonon branches significantly reduce phonon scattering in stanene, leading to higher thermal conductivity than germanene. The vibrational origin of the acoustic-optical gap can be attributed to the buckled structure. Interestingly, a buckled system has two competing influences on phonon transport: the breaking of the symmetry selection rule leads to reduced thermal conductivity, and the enlarging of the acoustic-optical gap results in enhanced thermal conductivity. The size dependence of thermal conductivity is investigated as well. In nanoribbons, the $κ$ of silicene, germanene and stanene is much less sensitive to size effect due to their short intrinsic phonon mean free paths. This work sheds light on the nature of phonon transport in buckled 2D materials.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures
Language as an indicator of integration in educational attainment and political participation of immigrants in Germany and the United States
Creators: name: Drake, Anna-Marie Darlene
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Advanced countries are continually grappling with the necessity of integration and the best practices for advancing minority groups within its borders. Germany and the United States are amongst these seeking to accommodate large groups of labor immigrants from foreign countries. Several factors facilitate the integration of these minority groups, especially important is language acquisition. In 2000, the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) tested 15 year old students around the world and one of the major revelations was the discrepancy between native speakers and non-native speakers, especially in Germany and the United States. This essay will explore the importance of language in integration by comparing two example countries with vastly different citizenship laws, based on the premises of jus sanguinis or jus soli, and the role language plays in two different intermediaries of integration, education and political participation, within these citizenship frameworks.
A low-luminosity type-1 QSO sample. V. Overluminous host spheroids and their excitation mechanisms
Creators: name: Busch, Gerold
name: Fazeli, Nastaran
name: Eckart, Andreas
name: Valencia-S., Mónica
name: Smajić, Semir
name: Moser, Lydia
name: Scharwächter, Julia
name: Dierkes, Jens
name: Fischer, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present near-infrared (NIR) $H+K$-band longslit spectra of eleven galaxies which are obtained with SOFI at the NTT (ESO). The galaxies are chosen from the low-luminosity type-1 quasi-stellar object (LLQSO) sample which comprises the 99 closest ($z\leq 0.06$) QSOs from the Hamburg/ESO survey for bright UV-excess QSOs. These objects are ideal targets to study the gap between local Seyfert galaxies and high-redshift quasars, since they show much stronger AGN activity compared to local objects but are still close enough for a detailed structural analysis. We fit hydrogen recombination, molecular hydrogen, and [FeII] lines after carefully subtracting the continuum emission. From the broad Pa$α$ components, we estimate black hole masses and enlarge the sample of LLQSOs that show a deviation from the $M_\mathrm{BH}-L_\mathrm{bulge}$ relations of inactive galaxies from 12 to 16 objects. All objects show emission from hot dust ($T\sim 1200\,\mathrm{K}$) as well as stellar contribution. However, the particular fractions vary a lot between the objects. More than half of the objects show H$_2$ emission lines that are indicating a large reservoir of molecular gas which is needed to feed the AGN and star formation. In the NIR diagnostic diagram all objects lie in the location of AGN dominated objects. However, most of the objects show indications of star formation activity, suggesting that their offset location with respect to $M_\mathrm{BH}-L_\mathrm{bulge}$ relations of inactive galaxies may be a consequence of overluminous bulges.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures; accepted by A&A
Anisotropic Diffusion in Mesh-Free Numerical Magnetohydrodynamics
Creators: name: Hopkins, Philip F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend recently-developed mesh-free Lagrangian methods for numerical magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) to arbitrary anisotropic diffusion equations, including: passive scalar diffusion, Spitzer-Braginskii conduction and viscosity, cosmic ray diffusion/streaming, anisotropic radiation transport, non-ideal MHD (Ohmic resistivity, ambipolar diffusion, the Hall effect), and turbulent 'eddy diffusion.' We study these as implemented in the code GIZMO for both new meshless finite-volume Godunov schemes (MFM/MFV). We show the MFM/MFV methods are accurate and stable even with noisy fields and irregular particle arrangements, and recover the correct behavior even in arbitrarily anisotropic cases. They are competitive with state-of-the-art AMR/moving-mesh methods, and can correctly treat anisotropic diffusion-driven instabilities (e.g. the MTI and HBI, Hall MRI). We also develop a new scheme for stabilizing anisotropic tensor-valued fluxes with high-order gradient estimators and non-linear flux limiters, which is trivially generalized to AMR/moving-mesh codes. We also present applications of some of these improvements for SPH, in the form of a new integral-Godunov SPH formulation that adopts a moving-least squares gradient estimator and introduces a flux-limited Riemann problem between particles.
description: 18 pages, 17 figures, MNRAS (replaced with accepted version). A public version of the GIZMO code is available at http://www.tapir.caltech.edu/~phopkins/Site/GIZMO.html
Reinventing the Triangles: Rule of Thumb for Assessing Detectability
Creators: name: Ochab, Jeremi K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Statistical significance of network clustering has been an unresolved problem since it was observed that community detection algorithms produce false positives even in random graphs. After a phase transition between undetectable and detectable cluster structures was discovered, the connection between spectra of adjacency matrices and detectability limits were shown, and both were calculated for a wide range of networks with arbitrary degree distributions and community structure. In practice the full eigenspectrum is not known, and whether a given network has any communities within detectability regime cannot be easily established. Based on the global clustering coefficient we construct a criterion telling whether in an undirected, unweighted network there is some/no detectable community structure, or if the network is in a transient regime. The method is simple and faster than methods involving bootstrapping.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures. Accepted to IEEE Computer Society. Presented at The 4th International Workshop on Complex Networks and their Applications, November 23-27, 2015 Bangkok, Thailand
Flexible Endoscopic Intubation in Emergency Medicine: A Needs Assessment
Creators: name: Sandefur, Benjamin Joe
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023

description: We conducted a needs assessment study to describe the current state of flexible endoscopic intubation in emergency medicine (EM) and to identify steps to improve education and practices related to this procedure. Flexible endoscopic intubation, a potentially lifesaving advanced airway technique, has been described in the EM literature for decades. However, it is rarely performed, and the literature discussing indications, frequency, and outcomes is limited. We recruited emergency physicians (EPs) in practice and training across varied settings to take part in a mixed-methods study incorporating focus groups and a targeted needs assessment survey. We organized three focus groups of community EPs, academic EPs, and resident EPs. We analyzed focus group transcripts by applying a constructivist grounded theory approach and generated codes and themes qualitatively describing the relationship of flexible endoscopic intubation to EM. The resulting codebook informed us during creation of our survey instrument, which we deployed in cross-sectional fashion. We report survey data with descriptive statistics. Thirteen EPs participated in our focus groups, and 257 EPs (33% response rate) responded to our survey, with 209 (26.9%) submitting completed surveys. Three themes emerged from the qualitative data: indications for use of endoscopic intubation, factors impacting a physician’s decision to endoscopically intubate, and attaining and maintaining endoscopic intubation competency. Most EPs (79%) received training on endoscopic intubation during residency; however, 82% of respondents had performed 10 or fewer in their career. Most (97%) felt they should have competency in endoscopic techniques, but only 23% reported a high level of confidence in their ability to perform the procedure on their own. A paucity of opportunities to perform endoscopic intubation in clinical settings was reported by 93%. Factors believed to facilitate acquisition of competency were opportunities to perform endoscopic intubation in practice (98%), local champions (93%), and performing nasopharyngoscopy (87%). Our results suggest that while most EPs believe they should possess competency in endoscopic intubation, many have a low degree of confidence in their personal ability to perform the procedure. We identify steps for improvement in education and the practices related to endoscopic intubation, including development of robust procedural curricula, support of local champions, and facilitation of nasopharyngoscopy use in the ED.
Im Auftrag der DFG für die Wissenschaftscommunity
Creators: name: Djahangiri, Keyvan
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fachinformationsdienst
subject: Fachinformationsdienste für die Wissenschaft
subject: FID
subject: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
subject: DFG
subject: Wissenschaftliche Bibliotheken
subject: Universitätsbibliotheken
subject: BID
subject: Wissenschaftlicher Beirat
subject: Sondersammelgebiete
subject: Umfrage
subject: LimeSurvey
subject: MAXQDA
subject: Fachcommunity
subject: Bedarfsorientierung
subject: Systematische Rückkoppelung
subject: Wissenschaft
subject: Kommunikation
subject: Politikwissenschaft
subject: Pollux
subject: Altertumswissenschaft
subject: Propylaeum
subject: Nahoststudien
subject: Menalib
subject: Sozial- und Kulturanthropologie
subject: EVIFA
subject: Lenkungsgremium
subject: Technische Infrastruktur
subject: Informationsdienstleistungen
subject: Wissenschaftliches Publizieren
subject: Open Science
subject: Open Access
subject: Forschungsdatenmanagement
subject: Evaluation von Informationssystemen
subject: Projektfinanzierung
subject: 020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaften

description: Mit der vorliegenden Studie werden die Wissenschaftlichen Beiräte von Fachinformationsdiensten erstmals in den Mittelpunkt einer Befragung gestellt. Ziel der Befragung war es, (1.) die Selbstverortung der Gremiumsmitglieder zu bestimmen, um (2.) vor dem Hintergrund des DFG-Gebotes der Systematischen Rückkoppelung zwischen Fachinformationsdienst und Wissenschaft grundlegende Erkenntnisse der FID-Interaktion mit ihren Fachcommunities zu gewinnen. Dabei macht die Besonderheit der Befragtengruppe ihre Scharnierfunktion aus. Denn die meisten Beiräte sind in ihrer Eigenschaft als Wissenschaftler und Hochschullehrer selbst integraler, gut vernetzter und Bedarfe äußernder Teil ihrer Fachcommunities. Gleichzeitig erhalten sie durch ihre Beiratstätigkeit einen tiefen Einblick in die jeweiligen FID-Agenden und haben Anteil an den strategischen Entscheidungen der FID-Trägereinrichtungen. Dadurch nehmen sie wiederum eine wichtige Multiplikatorenrolle zwischen Fachinformationsdienst und Fachcommunity ein und können (3.) die Chancen und Herausforderungen differenzierter als jede andere Akteursgruppe einschätzen und einordnen. Die Studie zeigt auf, dass die Beiräte motiviert sind, Auskunft über sich, ihre Arbeit und ihre Vorstellungen zu geben. Sie plädiert insofern dafür, alle FID-Akteursgruppen in angemessenem Rahmen in Befragungen und mithin in das Community-Building einzubinden.
On methods for correcting for the look-elsewhere effect in searches for new physics
Creators: name: Algeri, Sara
name: van Dyk, David A.
name: Conrad, Jan
name: Anderson, Brandon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The search for new significant peaks over a energy spectrum often involves a statistical multiple hypothesis testing problem. Separate tests of hypothesis are conducted at different locations producing an ensemble of local p-values, the smallest of which is reported as evidence for the new resonance. Unfortunately, controlling the false detection rate (type I error rate) of such procedures may lead to excessively stringent acceptance criteria. In the recent physics literature, two promising statistical tools have been proposed to overcome these limitations. In 2005, a method to "find needles in haystacks" was introduced by Pilla et al. [1], and a second method was later proposed by Gross and Vitells [2] in the context of the "look elsewhere effect" and trial factors. We show that, for relatively small sample sizes, the former leads to an artificial inflation of statistical power that stems from an increase in the false detection rate, whereas the two methods exhibit similar performance for large sample sizes. We apply the methods to realistic simulations of the Fermi Large Area Telescope data, in particular the search for dark matter annihilation lines. Further, we discuss the counter-intutive scenario where the look-elsewhere corrections are more conservative than much more computationally efficient corrections for multiple hypothesis testing. Finally, we provide general guidelines for navigating the tradeoffs between statistical and computational efficiency when selecting a statistical procedure for signal detection.
Narrative infinity in the encyclopedic novel: manipulations of Dante Alighieri's Divina commedia in David Foster Wallace's Infinite jest
Creators: name: Higgins, Frances
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: David Foster Wallace's novel Infinite Jest includes an allusion to Dante's Divina Commedia that points the reader back to Dante's opening lines of Inferno. Dante's Commedia provides a framework for Wallace's own novel in that the allusion is not only an indication of Wallace's attempt to place himself with Dante in the literary category of the encyclopedic novel, but also a reminder to the reader of Infinite Jest's circular narrative structure. This structure, which Wallace borrows from Dante, relies on the resolution of the narrative embedded in the beginning sections. Wallace's gestures toward the medieval text serve as an ironic reinterpretation of stable allegory and they introduce the promise of truth only to disprove it later. In place of Dante's four-fold allegory, Wallace allows his characters to believe in the inherent stability of mathematics and the recovery methods of Alcoholics Anonymous but he ultimately undercut's the reliability of these systems.
Gordonoryssomus delicatus Almeida 1995
Creators: name: Almeida, Lúcia M.
name: Santos, Paula B.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Coccinellidae
Gordonoryssomus
Gordonoryssomus delicatus

description: 4. Gordonoryssomus delicatus Almeida & Lima, 1995
Gordonoryssomus delicatus Almeida & Lima, 1995: 715–717 (original description, morphological details and male genitalia figured).
Type material: Holotype, male (DZUP); paratypes (4 total), 1 Rio de Janeiro and 1 Minas Gerais (USNM), 1 (BMNH), 1 Santa Catarina (DZUP). Type locality: “Santa Catarina, Brazil ”.
Geographical distribution: Brazil (RJ, MG, SC, RS) (Fig. 17).
description: Published as part of Almeida, Lúcia M. & Santos, Paula B., 2014, Synopsis of Oryssomini Gordon (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from the Neotropical region with new species of Oryssomus Mulsant, Pseudoryssomus Gordon and Gordonoryssomus Almeida & Lima, pp. 42-68 in Zootaxa 3846 (1) on page 65, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3846.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/250860
Neutrino processes $ν\barν\to e^- e^+$ and $ν\to νe^- e^+$ in a strong magnetic field
Creators: name: Kuznetsov, A. V.
name: Rumyantsev, D. A.
name: Savin, V. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The processes of neutrino production of electron-positron pairs, $ν\barν\to e^- e^+$ and $ν\to νe^- e^+$, in a magnetic field of arbitrary strength, where electrons and positrons can be created in the states corresponding to excited Landau levels, are analysed. The results can be applied for calculating the efficiency of the electron-positron plasma production by neutrinos in the conditions of the Kerr black hole accretion disc considered by experts as the most possible source of a short cosmological gamma burst.
description: 4 pages, LaTeX, 1 EPS figure, based on the talk presented by V.N. Savin at the International Conference on Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Moscow, MEPhI, October 5-10, 2015, to be submitted to J. Phys.: Conf. Series. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1408.6985
The role of team composition in start-ups' survival and success in the U.S., 2005-2008
Creators: name: Yang, Tiantian
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2011

description: The emergence of new businesses has become a salient feature of modern society. Although millions of people are engaged in business creation every year, only a small portion of them can successfully create profitable firms while most start-up efforts end in failure. In this paper, I investigate how entrepreneurial teams differ in creating new ventures. I draw ideas from several theoretical perspectives and synthesize them into my theoretical framing to explain how entrepreneurial teams' characteristics, team members' relationships, and start-up activities influence new ventures' survival and performance. The data for my analysis are derived from the Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics II, a longitudinal study on a nationally representative sample of business founders who started business ventures around 2005.
Evidence for Pebbles in Comets
Creators: name: Kretke, K. A.
name: Levison, H. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When the EPOXI spacecraft flew by Comet 103P/Hartley 2, it observed large particles floating around the comet nucleus. These particles are likely low-density, centimeter- to decimeter-sized clumps of ice and dust. While the origin of these objects remains somewhat mysterious, it is possible that they are giving us important information about the earliest stages of our Solar System's formation. Recent advancements in planet formation theory suggest that planetesimals (or cometestimals) may grow directly from the gravitational collapse of aerodynamically concentrated small particles, often referred to as "pebbles." Here we show that the particles observed in the coma of 103P are consistent with the sizes of pebbles expected to efficiently form planetesimals in the region that this comet likely formed, while smaller pebbles are may be expected in the majority of comets, whose chemistry is often indicative of formation in the colder, outer regions of the protoplanetary disk.
Model Waveform Accuracy Requirements for the Allen $χ^2$ Discriminator
Creators: name: Lindblom, Lee
name: Cutler, Curt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper derives accuracy standards for model gravitational waveforms required to ensure proper use of the Allen $χ^2$ discriminator in gravitational wave (GW) data analysis. These standards are different from previously established requirements for detection and waveform parameter measurement based on signal-to-noise optimization. We present convenient formulae for evaluating and interpreting the contribution of model errors to measured values of this $χ^2$ statistic. The new accuracy standards derived here are needed to ensure the reliability of measured values of the Allen $χ^2$ statistic, both in their traditional role as vetoes and in their current role as elements in evaluating the significance of candidate detections.
description: 5 pages, v2 revised to version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Differentiation signatures in the Flora region
Creators: name: Oszkiewicz, Dagmara
name: Kankiewicz, Paweł
name: Włodarczyk, Ireneusz
name: Kryszczyńska, Agnieszka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most asteroid families are very homogeneous in physical properties. Some show greater diversity, however. The Flora family is the most intriguing of them. The Flora family is spread widely in the inner main belt, has a rich collisional history, and is one of the most taxonomically diverse regions in the main belt. As a result of its proximity to the asteroid (4) Vesta (the only currently known intact differentiated asteroid) and its family, migration between the two regions is possible. This dynamical path is one of the counter arguments to the hypothesis that there may be traces of a differentiated parent body other than Vesta in the inner main belt region. We here investigate the possibility that some of the V- and A- types (commonly interpreted as basaltoids and dunites - parts of the mantle and crust of differentiated parent bodies) in the Flora dynamical region are not dynamically connected to Vesta.
description: accepted to AA (28 09 2015)
Dental stem cell signaling pathway activation in response to hydraulic calcium silicate-based endodontic cements: A systematic review of in vitro studies.
Creators: name: Sanz, José
name: Lozano, Francisco
name: Lopez-Gines, Concha
name: Monleon, Daniel
name: Llena, Carmen
name: Forner, Leopoldo
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biological Factors
subject: Dental Materials
subject: Chemicals and Drugs
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Endodontics and Endodontology
subject: Biomedical and Dental Materials
subject: Dentistry
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: bioactivity
subject: biomineralization
subject: calcium silicate-based cements
subject: dental stem cells
subject: in vitro
subject: signaling pathways

description: Systematic Review
Optimal population-level infection detection strategies for malaria control and elimination in a spatial model of malaria transmission
Creators: name: Gerardin, Jaline
name: Bever, Caitlin A.
name: Hamainza, Busiku
name: Miller, John M.
name: Eckhoff, Philip A.
name: Wenger, Edward A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Mass campaigns with antimalarial drugs are potentially a powerful tool for local elimination of malaria, yet current diagnostic technologies are insufficiently sensitive to identify all individuals who harbor infections. At the same time, overtreatment of uninfected individuals increases the risk of accelerating emergence of drug resistance and losing community acceptance. Local heterogeneity in transmission intensity may allow campaign strategies that respond to index cases to successfully target subpatent infections while simultaneously limiting overtreatment. While selective targeting of hotspots of transmission has been proposed as a strategy for malaria control, such targeting has not been tested in the context of malaria elimination. Using household locations, demographics, and prevalence data from a survey of four health facility catchment areas in southern Zambia and an agent-based model of malaria transmission and immunity acquisition, a transmission intensity was fit to each household based on neighborhood age-dependent malaria prevalence. A set of individual infection trajectories was constructed for every household in each catchment area, accounting for heterogeneous exposure and immunity. Various campaign strategies (mass drug administration, mass screen and treat, focal mass drug administration, snowball reactive case detection, pooled sampling, and a hypothetical serological diagnostic) were simulated and evaluated for performance at finding infections, minimizing overtreatment, reducing clinical case counts, and interrupting transmission. For malaria control, presumptive treatment leads to substantial overtreatment without additional morbidity reduction under all but the highest transmission conditions. Selective targeting of hotspots with drug campaigns is an ineffective tool for elimination due to limited sensitivity of available field diagnostics.
Quantum ballistic experiment on antihydrogen fall
Creators: name: Voronin, A. Yu.
name: Nesvizhevsky, V. V.
name: Dufour, G.
name: Reynaud, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study an interferometric approach to measure gravitational mass of antihydrogen. The method consists of preparing a coherent superposition of antihydrogen quantum state localized near a material surface in the gravitational field of the Earth, and then observing the time distribution of annihilation events followed after the free fall of an initially prepared superposition from a given height to the detector plate. We show that a corresponding time distribution is related to the momentum distribution in the initial state that allows its precise measurement. This approach is combined with a method of production of a coherent superposition of gravitational states by inducing a resonant transition using oscillating gradient magnetic field. We estimate an accuracy of measuring the gravitational mass of antihydrogen atom which could be deduced from such a measurement.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1403.4783
Nonadiabatic holonomic single-qubit gates in off-resonant $Λ$ systems
Creators: name: Sjöqvist, Erik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize nonadiabatic holonomic quantum computation in a resonant $Λ$ configuration proposed in [New J. Phys. 14 (2012) 103035] to the case of off-resonant driving lasers. We show that any single-qubit holonomic gate can be realized by separately varying the detuning, amplitude, and phase of the lasers.
description: To appear in Phys. Lett. A
Using satellite imagery analysis to redesign provincial parks for a better cooling effect on cities
Creators: name: Echevarria Icaza, Leyre
name: Van Den Dobbelsteen, Andy
name: Van Der Hoeven, Frank
Publisher: name: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment
Year: 2018

description: The purpose of this research is to analyse the thermal behaviour of South Holland provincial parks during heat waves, in order to provide design adaptation guidelines to increase their cooling capacity over the hotspots present in their urban surroundings. This research analyses the thermal behaviour of different land use patches (forests, cropland, grassland, water surfaces, built areas and greenhouse areas) present in the six South Holland provincial parks during heat waves. It studies their average night land surface temperature (LST) (with Modis 11A1), day LST (with Landsat 5TM), NDVI, imperviousness, patch size and patch shape index, and analyses through a multiple regression analysis the impact of each of these last four parameters in the night and day LST for each land use. Based on these conclusions, a set of design guidelines are provided to improve the cooling capacity of Midden-Delfland park areas which are adjacent to hotspots with day LST above 41°C and with day LST between 36°C and 41°C. The average day LST within South Holland provincial parks varies from 25.9°C for water surfaces, to 31.4°C for forests, 33°C for cropland, 33.1°C for greenhouse areas, 34.9°C for grassland patches and 37.9°C for built areas. Within each land use category, NDVI, imperviousness and patch shape index influence differently the thermal behaviour of the patches. NDVI is inversely correlated to day LST for all categories, imperviousness is correlated to day LST for all areas which do not comprise a significant presence of greenhouses (grassland and built patches) and inversely correlated to LST for areas with a high presence of greenhouses (cropland and warehouses). Finally, the shape index varies depending on the nature of the surrounding patches, especially for small patches (built areas, forests and greenhouse areas). Most of the hotspots surrounding the Midden-Delfland park are adjacent to grassland patches. The measure to increase the cooling capacity of those patches would consist in a change of land use and or an increase of the NDVI of the existing grassland patches. These suggestions to increase the cooling potential of the parks remain deliberately open in order to allow combining these measures with other spatial planning priorities.
description: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment, No. 20 (2017): Urban and regional heat island adaptation measures in the Netherlands
Controlling multistability by discontinuous dissipative coupling
Creators: name: Brzeski, P.
name: Pavlovskaia, E.
name: Kapitaniak, T.
name: Perlikowski, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present an influence of discontinuous coupling on the dynamics of multistable systems. Our model consists of two periodically forced oscillators that can interact via soft impacts. The controlling parameters are the distance between the oscillators and the difference in the phase of the harmonic excitation. When the distance is large two systems do not collide and a number of different possible solutions can be observed in both of them. When decreasing of the distance, one can observe some transient impacts and then the systems settle down on non-impacting attractor. It is shown that with the properly chosen distance and difference in the phase of the harmonic excitation, the number of possible solutions of the coupled systems can be reduced. The proposed method is robust and applicable in many different systems.