cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Two-dimensional macroscopic quantum tunneling in multi-gap superconductor Josephson junctions
Creators: name: Asai, Hidehiro
name: Kawabata, Shiro
name: Ota, Yukihiro
name: Machida, Masahiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low-temperature characters of superconducting devices yield definite probes for different superconducting phenomena. We study the macroscopic quantum tunneling (MQT) in a Josephson junction, composed of a single-gap superconductor and a two-gap superconductor. Since this junction has two kinds to the superconducting phase differences, calculating the MQT escape rate requires the analysis of quantum tunneling in a multi-dimensional configuration space. Our approach is the semi-classical approximation along a 1D curve in a 2D potential- energy landscape, connecting two adjacent potential (local) minimums through a saddle point. We find that this system has two plausible tunneling paths; an in-phase path and an out-of-phase path. The former is characterized by the Josephson-plasma frequency, whereas the latter is by the frequency of the characteristic collective mode in a two-band superconductor, Josephson- Leggett mode. Depending on external bias current and inter-band Josephson-coupling energy, one of them mainly contributes to the MQT. Our numerical calculations show that the difference between the in-phase path and the out-of-phase path is manifest, with respect to the bias- current-dependence of the MQT escape rate. This result suggests that our MQT setting be an indicator of the Josephson-Leggett mode.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 2 of Gut microbiota in parasite-transmitting gastropods
Creators: name: Li, Peipei
name: Hong, Jinni
name: Yuan, Zhanhong
name: Huang, Yun
name: Wu, Mingrou
name: Ding, Tao
name: Wu, Zhongdao
name: Sun, Xi
name: Lin, Datao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Quality assessment of included literature.
Theory of fads: Traveling-wave solution of evolutionary dynamics in a one-dimensional trait space
Creators: name: Lee, Mi Jin
name: Yi, Su Do
name: Kim, Beom Jun
name: Baek, Seung Ki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider an infinite-sized population where an infinite number of traits compete simultaneously. The replicator equation with a diffusive term describes time evolution of the probability distribution over the traits due to selection and mutation on a mean-field level. We argue that this dynamics can be expressed as a variant of the Fisher equation with high-order correction terms. The equation has a traveling-wave solution, and the phase-space method shows how the wave shape depends on the correction. We compare this solution with empirical time-series data of given names in Quebec, treating it as a descriptive model for the observed patterns. Our model explains the reason that many names exhibit a similar pattern of the rise and fall as time goes by. At the same time, we have found that their dissimilarities are also statistically significant.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures
Sur l'influence en histoire des idées
Creators: name: Carvalho, Thérence
Publisher: name: Journal of Interdisciplinary History of Ideas
Year: 2023

description: What is influence? The term is now widely used in the scientific field, but its exact meaning and the unthought it conveys remain obscure. The purpose of this article is to question, from a methodological point of view, the uses of the concept of influence in the history of ideas. Despite its practicality, the word ‘influence’ often remains ambiguous and fails to describe the complexity of intellectual phenomena. Yet, if the researcher wants to understand the truth, he must first replace common terms, which may in fact turn out to be screens or walls, by mastered, validated and controlled terms. Verbal automatisms can lead to distortion of reality and there can be no scientific progress without the prior conquest of a specific vocabulary. In order to make a better use of the term ‘influence’, this article proposes to circumscribe it according to determined criteria. Finally, it calls for going beyond it by using other more relevant concepts. English Title: On ‘Influence’ in the History of Ideas Keywords: History of Ideas, Methodology of Historiography, Influence, Conceptual Alternatives to Influence
description: Journal of Interdisciplinary History of Ideas, V. 12 N. 23 (2023): Savoirs d’État et sciences de gouvernement à la lumière des Dictionnaires et des Encyclopédies francophones de la fin du XVIIIᵉ siècle
Characterization of a metastable neon beam extracted from a commercial RF ion source
Creators: name: Ohayon, B.
name: Wåhlin, E.
name: Ron, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have used a commercial RF ion-source to extract a beam of metastable neon atoms. The source was easily incorporated into our existing system and was operative within a day of installation. The metastable velocity distribution, flux, flow, and efficiency were investigated for different RF powers and pressures, and an optimum was found at a flux density of $2\times10^{12}\,$atoms/s/sr. To obtain an accurate measurement of the amount of metastable atoms leaving the source, we insert a Faraday cup in the beam line and quench some of them using a weak $633\,$nm laser beam. In order to determine how much of the beam was quenched before reaching our detector, we devised a simple model for the quenching transition and investigated it for different laser powers. This detection method can be easily adapted to other noble gas atoms.
Refining Network Message Segmentation with Principal Component Analysis
Creators: name: Kleber, Stephan
name: Kargl, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Reverse engineering of undocumented protocols is a common task in security analyses of networked services. The communication itself, captured in traffic traces, contains much of the necessary information to perform such a protocol reverse engineering. The comprehension of the format of unknown messages is of particular interest for binary protocols that are not human-readable. One major challenge is to discover probable fields in a message as the basis for further analyses. Given a set of messages, split into segments of bytes by an existing segmenter, we propose a method to refine the approximation of the field inference. We use principle component analysis (PCA) to discover linearly correlated variance between sets of message segments. We relocate the boundaries of the initial coarse segmentation to more accurately match with the true fields. We perform different evaluations of our method to show its benefit for the message format inference and subsequent analysis tasks from literature that depend on the message format. We can achieve a median improvement of the message format accuracy across different real-world protocols by up to 100 %.
Research led by people who use drugs: centering the expertise of lived experience
Creators: name: Salazar, Zach
name: Figgatt, Mary
name: Vincent, Louise
name: Dasgupta, Nabarun
name: Gilbert, Michael
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Background: Research collaborations between people who use drugs (PWUD) and researchers are largely underutilized, despite the long history of successful, community-led harm reduction interventions and growing health disparities experienced by PWUD. PWUD play a critical role in identifying emerging issues in the drug market, as well as associated health behaviors and outcomes. As such, PWUD are well positioned to meaningfully participate in all aspects of the research process, including population of research questions, conceptualization of study design, and contextualization of findings.

Main body: We argue PWUD embody unparalleled and current insight to drug use behaviors, including understanding of novel synthetic drug bodies and the dynamics at play in the drug market; they also hold intimate and trusting relationships with other PWUD. This perfectly situates PWUD to collaborate with researchers in investigation of drug use behaviors and development of harm reduction interventions. While PWUD have a history of mistrust with the medical community, community-led harm reduction organizations have earned their trust and are uniquely poised to facilitate research projects. We offer the North Carolina Survivors Union as one such example, having successfully conducted a number of projects with reputable research institutions. We also detail the fallacy of meaningful engagement posed by traditional mechanisms of capturing community voice. As a counter, we detail the framework developed and implemented by the union in hopes it may serve as guidance for other community-led organizations. We also situate research as a mechanism to diversify the job opportunities available to PWUD and offer a real-time example of the integration of these principles into public policy and direct service provision.

Conclusion: In order to effectively mitigate the risks posed by the fluid and volatile drug market, research collaborations must empower PWUD to play meaningful roles in the entirety of the research process. Historically, the most effective harm reduction interventions have been born of the innovation and heart possessed by PWUD; during the current overdose crisis, there is no reason to believe they will not continue to be.
La question de la tolérance civile dans les Encyclopédies du XVIIIᵉ siècle
Creators: name: Cwikowski, Clara
Publisher: name: Journal of Interdisciplinary History of Ideas
Year: 2023

description: Initially designating a lesser evil, tolerance relieves itself of its negative charge to gain a positive dimension, acquired at the time of the crise de la conscience européenne, of which the men of the 18th century are heirs. Like happiness, it is one of the key words of the Enlightenment which encyclopedias do not fail to seize. However, the success of this notion does not overshadow the ambiguity it carries within it. Reading the entry “Tolerance” of the three major encyclopaedias of the time, those of Diderot and d'Alembert, De Felice and Panckoucke, testifies to this plural understanding. It appears sometimes as an essential virtue that the statesman must hasten to adopt, sometimes as a dangerous principle with subversive potential that the sovereign must beware of. English Title: The Question of Civil Tolerance in the Encyclopedias of the 18th Century: A study of the "Tolerance" Articles by Jean-Edme Romilly, Élie Bertrand and Nicolas-Sylvestre Bergier Keywords: History of French Encyclopedism, History of Tolerance, Civil Tolerance, Enlightenment, History of State Knowledge
description: Journal of Interdisciplinary History of Ideas, V. 12 N. 23 (2023): Savoirs d’État et sciences de gouvernement à la lumière des Dictionnaires et des Encyclopédies francophones de la fin du XVIIIᵉ siècle
Day-of-Surgery Gabapentinoids and Prolonged Opioid Use: A Retrospective Cohort Study of Medicare Patients Using Electronic Health Records
Creators: name: Funk, Michele
name: Pate, Virginia
name: Hudgens, Michael
name: Dasgupta, Nabarun
name: Stürmer, Til
name: Young, Jessica
name: Chidgey, Brooke
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: BACKGROUND: While preoperative gabapentinoids are commonly used in surgical multimodal analgesia protocols, little is known regarding the effects this therapy has on prolonged postsurgical opioid use. In this observational study, we used data from a large integrated health care system to estimate the association between preoperative day-of-surgery gabapentinoids and the risk of prolonged postsurgical opioid use.

METHODS: We identified adults age ≥65 years undergoing major therapeutic surgical procedures from a large integrated health care system from 2016 to 2019. Exposure to preoperative gabapentinoids on the day of surgery was measured using inpatient medication administration records, and the outcome of prolonged opioid use was measured using outpatient medication orders. We used stabilized inverse probability of treatment-weighted log-binomial regression to estimate risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of prolonged opioid use, comparing patients who received preoperative gabapentinoids to those who did not and adjusting for relevant clinical factors. The main analysis was conducted in the overall surgical population, and a secondary analysis was conducted among procedures where at least 30% of all patients received a preoperative gabapentinoid.

RESULTS: Overall, 13,958 surgical patients met inclusion criteria, of whom 21.0% received preoperative gabapentinoids. The observed 90-day risk of prolonged opioid use following surgery was 0.91% (95% CI, 0.77–1.08). Preoperative gabapentinoid administration was not associated with a reduced risk of prolonged opioid use in the main analysis conducted in a broad surgical population (adjusted risk ratio [adjRR], 1.19 [95% CI, 0.67–2.12]) or in the secondary analysis conducted in patients undergoing colorectal resection, hip arthroplasty, knee arthroplasty, or hysterectomy (adjRR, 1.01 [95% CI, 0.30–3.33]).

CONCLUSIONS: In a large integrated health system, we did not find evidence that preoperative gabapentinoids were associated with reduced risk of prolonged opioid use in patients undergoing a broad range of surgeries.
Discovery of true, likely and possible symbiotic stars in the dwarf spheroidal NGC 205
Creators: name: Gonçalves, Denise R.
name: Magrini, Laura
name: de la Rosa, Ignacio G.
name: Akras, Stavros
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we discuss the photometric and spectroscopic observations of newly discovered (symbiotic) systems in the dwarf spheroidal galaxy NGC 205. The Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph on-off band [O III] 5007 A emission imaging highlighted several [O III] line emitters, for which optical spectra were then obtained (Gonçalves et al. 2014). The detailed study of the spectra of three objects allow us to identify them as true, likely and possible symbiotic systems (SySts), the first ones discovered in this galaxy. SySt-1 is unambiguously classified as a symbiotic star, because of the presence of unique emission lines which belong only to symbiotic spectra, the well known O VI Raman scattered lines. SySt-2 is only possibly a SySt because the Ne VII Raman scattered line at 4881 A, recently identified in a well studied Galactic symbiotic as another very conspicuous property of symbiotic, could as well be identified as N III or [Fe III]. Finally, SySt-3 is likely a symbiotic binary because in the red part of the spectrum it shows the continuum of a late giant, and forbidden lines of moderate- to high-ionization, like [Fe v] 4180 A. The main source for skepticism on the symbiotic nature of the latter systems is their location in the PN region in the [O III] 4363/Hγ vs [O III] 5007/Hβ diagnostic diagram (Gutierrez-Moreno et al. 1995). It is worth mentioning that at least another two confirmed symbiotics, one of the Local Group dwarf spheroidal IC 10 and the other of the Galaxy, are also misplaced in this diagram.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS)
Additional file 3 of Using single-worm RNA sequencing to study C. elegans responses to pathogen infection
Creators: name: Wang, Archer J.
name: Wibisono, Phillip
name: Geppert, Blake M.
name: Liu, Yiyong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Table S2. Tissue-specific genes detected in single-worm samples.
A polynomial time algorithm for the braid double shielded public key cryptosystems
Creators: name: Roman'kov, Vitaly
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F10

description: We propose new provable practical deterministic polynomial time algorithm for the braid Wang, Xu, Li, Lin and Wang Double shielded public key cryptosystems. We show that a linear decomposition attack based on the decomposition method introduced by the author in monography "Algebraic Cryptography" (2013) and some papers works for the image of braids under the Lawrence-Krammer representation by finding the exchanging keys in both two main protocols by the authors listed above.
Reproducibility for everyone in research
Creators: name: Auer, Susann
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Reproducibility
Open Science

description: Rigor and reproducibility are the core of modern science and set apart scientific inquiry from pseudoscience. Many researchers have never received formal training on how to work in a way that enables reproducibility for themselves and other researchers. This workshop introduces reproducible workflows and a range of tools for researchers and everybody interested in working more reproducibly along the themes of organization, documentation, analysis and dissemination. After a brief introduction to the topic of reproducibility, the workshop will provide specific tips useful in improving daily research workflows: content includes modules on data management, reproducible protocols and methods, data and code sharing, reproducible bioinformatics tools and methods, data visualization and working with images. The materials in this workshop have been developed as a community resource with the help of a team of people that belong to the "Reproducibility for Everyone" community. Find us at https://www.repro4everyone.org/.
Scoping Study On Local Faith Communities In Urban Displacement: Evidence on Localisation and Urbanisation
Creators: name: Wilkinson, Olivia
name: Ager, Joey
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 160801 Applied Sociology, Program Evaluation and Social Impact Assessment
subject: 160899 Sociology not elsewhere classified
subject: 160101 Anthropology of Development
subject: 160303 Migration
subject: 160499 Human Geography not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Social and economic geography
subject: 160607 International Relations
subject: FOS: Political science

description: The aim of this report is to highlight evidence regarding the roles and impact that Local Faith Communities (LFCs) play in relation to urban refugees, with the aim of informing interconnected conversations around localisation and urbanisation.The international community is increasingly committed to supporting local responses to displacement, at a time when the humanitarian system is overburdened, underfunded and in flux as the world reportedly faces the highest levels of displacement ever recorded – over 65 million people in 2017, who have been forced to flee their homes due to conflict, violence, and persecution. In 2016 the World Humanitarian Summit (WHS) resulted in the Charter for Change and a renewed call for meaningful support for the ‘localisation of humanitarian aid’ agenda. In part building on the UNHCR’s work following the High Commissioner’s Dialogue on Faith and Protection in December 2012, this includes recognition of the actual and potential roles of LFCs in offering protection, solidarity and assistance to displaced people throughout different stages and spaces of their journeys.This evidence is therefore centrally relevant to two key debates in contemporary humanitarian policy and practice – localisation and urbanisation – whose outcomes will have a significant impact on the future of refugee protection.
PISN-explorer: hunting the descendants of very massive first stars
Creators: name: Aguado, D. S.
name: Salvadori, S.
name: Skúladóttir, A.
name: Caffau, E.
name: Bonifacio, P.
name: Vanni, I.
name: Gelli, V.
name: Koutsouridou, I.
name: Amarsi, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The very massive first stars ($m>100\rm M_{\odot}$) were fundamental to the early phases of reionization, metal enrichment, and super-massive black hole formation. Among them, those with $140\leq\rm m/\rm M_{\odot}\leq260$ are predicted to evolve as Pair Instability Supernovae (PISN) leaving a unique chemical signature in their chemical yields. Still, despite long searches, the stellar descendants of PISN remain elusive. Here we propose a new methodology, the PISN-explorer, to identify candidates for stars with a dominant PISN enrichment. The PISN-explorer is based on a combination of physically driven models, and the FERRE code; and applied to data from large spectroscopic surveys (APOGEE, GALAH, GES, MINCE, and the JINA database). We looked into more than 1.4 million objects and built a catalogue with 166 candidates of PISN descendants. One of which, 2M13593064+3241036, was observed with UVES at VLT and full chemical signature was derived, including the killing elements, Cu and Zn. We find that our proposed methodology is efficient in selecting PISN candidates from both the Milky Way and dwarf satellite galaxies such as Sextans or Draco. Further high-resolution observations are highly required to confirm our best selected candidates, therefore allowing us to probe the existence and properties of the very massive First Stars.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures Accepted for publication in MNRAS
UGC 4211: A Confirmed Dual Active Galactic Nucleus in the Local Universe at 230 pc Nuclear Separation
Creators: name: Koss, Michael J.
name: Treister, Ezequiel
name: Kakkad, Darshan
name: Casey-Clyde, J. Andrew
name: Kawamuro, Taiki
name: Williams, Jonathan
name: Foord, Adi
name: Trakhtenbrot, Benny
name: Bauer, Franz E.
name: Privon, George C.
name: Ricci, Claudio
name: Mushotzky, Richard
name: Barcos-Munoz, Loreto
name: Blecha, Laura
name: Connor, Thomas
name: Harrison, Fiona
name: Liu, Tingting
name: Magno, Macon
name: Mingarelli, Chiara M. F.
name: Muller-Sanchez, Francisco
name: Oh, Kyuseok
name: Shimizu, T. Taro
name: Smith, Krista L.
name: Stern, Daniel
name: Tello, Miguel Parra
name: Urry, C. Megan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present multi-wavelength high-spatial resolution (~0.1'', 70 pc) observations of UGC 4211 at z=0.03474, a late-stage major galaxy merger at the closest nuclear separation yet found in near-IR imaging (0.32'', ~230 pc projected separation). Using Hubble Space Telescope/STIS, VLT/MUSE+AO, Keck/OSIRIS+AO spectroscopy, and ALMA observations, we show that the spatial distribution, optical and NIR emission lines, and millimeter continuum emission are all consistent with both nuclei being powered by accreting supermassive black holes (SMBHs). Our data, combined with common black hole mass prescriptions, suggests that both SMBHs have similar masses, log MBH~8.1 (south) and log MBH~8.3 (north), respectively. The projected separation of 230 pc (~6X the black hole sphere of influence) represents the closest-separation dual AGN studied to date with multi-wavelength resolved spectroscopy and shows the potential of nuclear (<50 pc) continuum observations with ALMA to discover hidden growing SMBH pairs. While the exact occurrence rate of close-separation dual AGN is not yet known, it may be surprisingly high, given that UGC 4211 was found within a small, volume-limited sample of nearby hard X-ray detected AGN. Observations of dual SMBH binaries in the sub-kpc regime at the final stages of dynamical friction provide important constraints for future gravitational wave observatories.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables, published in ApJL
Anisotropic Fermi Surface and Quantum Limit Transport in High Mobility 3D Dirac Semimetal Cd3As2
Creators: name: Zhao, Yanfei
name: Liu, Haiwen
name: Zhang, Chenglong
name: Wang, Huichao
name: Wang, Junfeng
name: Lin, Ziquan
name: Xing, Ying
name: Lu, Hong
name: Liu, Jun
name: Wang, Yong
name: Jia, Shuang
name: Xie, X. C.
name: Wang, Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The three-dimensional (3D) topological Dirac semimetal is a new topological phase of matter, viewed as the 3D analogy of graphene with a linear dispersion in the 3D momentum space. Here, we report the angular dependent magnetotransport in Cd3As2 single crystal and clearly show how the Fermi surface evolves when tilting the magnetic field. Remarkably, when the magnetic field lies in [112] and [44-1] axis, only single oscillation period features present, however, the system shows double period oscillations when the field is applied along [1-10] direction. Moreover, tilting the magnetic field at certain direction also gives double period oscillations. We attribute the anomalous oscillation behavior to the sophisticated geometry of Fermi surface and illustrate a complete 3D Fermi surfaces with two nested anisotropic ellipsoids around the Dirac point. Additionally, a sub-millimeter mean free path at 6 K is observed in Cd3As2 crystal, indicating a large ballistic transport region in this material. Tracking the magnetoresistance oscillations to 60 T, we reach the quantum limit (n = 1 Landau Level) at about 43 T. These results improve the knowledge of the Dirac semimetal material Cd3As2, and also pave the way for proposing new electronic applications based on 3D Dirac materials.
D7.4 Quality Assurance Plan
Creators: name: AUSTRALO
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: D7.4 Quality Assurance Plan This deliverable presents the Quality Assurance Plan (QAP) plan for SPATIAL. The QAP defines the main set of rules, for SPATIAL consortium partners to consider, to ensure that the technical outcomes of the project are produced following some highquality standards. The management of a large number of deliverables and the quality of the deliverables are crucial for the successful implementation of the project.
A Simple Boltzmann Transport Equation for Ballistic to Diffusive Transient Heat Transport
Creators: name: Maassen, Jesse
name: Lundstrom, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Developing simplified, but accurate, theoretical approaches to treat heat transport on all length and time scales is needed to further enable scientific insight and technology innovation. Using a simplified form of the Boltzmann transport equation (BTE), originally developed for electron transport, we demonstrate how ballistic phonon effects and finite-velocity propagation are easily and naturally captured. We show how this approach compares well to the phonon BTE, and readily handles a full phonon dispersion and energy-dependent mean-free-path. This study of transient heat transport shows i) how fundamental temperature jumps at the contacts depend simply on the ballistic thermal resistance, ii) that phonon transport at early times approach the ballistic limit in samples of any length, and iii) perceived reductions in heat conduction, when ballistic effects are present, originate from reductions in temperature gradient. Importantly, this framework can be recast exactly as the Cattaneo and hyperbolic heat equations, and we discuss how the key to capturing ballistic heat effects is to use the correct physical boundary conditions.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Overview of Challenges of Evaluating ADFs in the Community
Creators: name: Dasgupta, Nabarun
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020
Subjects: Opioids
Drug abuse
Chronic pain
Racism
Drugs
Injections
Intravenous Drug addiction
Epidemiology
Databases

description: Dr. Nabarun Dasgupta presents as the invited Guest Speaker at the US Food and Drug Administration Advisory Committee on the 10 year evaluation of OxyContin reformulation. Epidemiologic considerations on evaluation of abuse deterrent formulations are presented. Presented June 10, 2020 at the Joint Meeting of the Drug Safety and Risk Management Advisory Committee (DSARM) and the Anesthetic and Analgesic Drug Products Advisory Committee (AADPAC) https://www.fda.gov/advisory-committees/advisory-committee-calendar/september-10-11-2020-joint-meeting-drug-safety-and-risk-management-advisory-committee-and-anesthetic
title: Dynamic Dark Current Characterisation in CMOS Image Sensors
Creators: name: Ward, Domenic
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2023

description: Understanding the early universe has been the goal of cosmology since its conception and it has not been until recent decades that the technology has existed that the earliest stars and galaxies have been observable. A crucial step in unravelling the mysteries of the early universe is accurate image data. To achieve this it is critical to fully understand and characterise all noise sources which may be present in such data, so that it can be accurately removed while preserving the integrity of the data of interest. Dark current or thermal signal is one such noise source that must be removed from astronomical image data. It is usually assumed that the dark current is linear with exposure time. However, this is not always the case. A number of pixels in an image sensor will display dynamic dark current. The dark current rate will reduce with increasing (signal) exposure time. Therefore, applying a linear dark current model to these pixels will result in an overestimation of the dark signal in the image data and any subsequent subtraction of this overestimated dark signal will result in the destruction of potentially key information. The experimental characterisation of dynamic dark current in a CMOS image sensor is performed. It is shown that < 1% of pixels in the devices tested displayed dynamic dark current. The semi-empirical model developed is shown to accurately represent the measured data for a total signal comprising solely of dark signal. A simple one dimensional model is presented and is used to demonstrate the fundamental physical processes which lead to a pixel displaying dynamic dark current. The simulations show a good correlation with the experimental results. This leads to the conclusion that dynamic dark current is generated by sources located close to the depletion edges of the PPD.
Sparse distributed localized gradient fused features of objects
Creators: name: Sudhakarana, Swathikiran
name: James, Alex Pappachen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The sparse, hierarchical, and modular processing of natural signals is related to the ability of humans to recognize objects with high accuracy. In this study, we report a sparse feature processing and encoding method, which improved the recognition performance of an automated object recognition system. Randomly distributed localized gradient enhanced features were selected before employing aggregate functions for representation, where we used a modular and hierarchical approach to detect the object features. These object features were combined with a minimum distance classifier, thereby obtaining object recognition system accuracies of 93% using the Amsterdam library of object images (ALOI) database, 92% using the Columbia object image library (COIL)-100 database, and 69% using the PASCAL visual object challenge 2007 database. The object recognition performance was shown to be robust to variations in noise, object scaling, and object shifts. Finally, a comparison with eight existing object recognition methods indicated that our new method improved the recognition accuracy by 10% with ALOI, 8% with the COIL-100 database, and 10% with the PASCAL visual object challenge 2007 database.
description: Pages 13
INFLUÊNCIAS DA LITERATURA INFANTIL PARA A ALFABETIZAÇÃO E O LETRAMENTO NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL E NOS ANOS INICIAIS DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Creators: name: Diego de Vargas Matos
name: Avaetê de Lunetta e Rodrigues Guerra
name: João Carlos Böes
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Este artigo tem como objetivo identificar as influências da literatura infantil para a alfabetização e o letramento de estudantes da Educação Infantil e dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. Para o alcance desse objetivo, realizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o tema, bem como entrevistas semiestruturadas com docentes que lecionam nesses níveis da Educação Básica. A partir da análise dos resultados obtidos, é possível concluir que a literatura infantil é um instrumento pedagógico indicado para a alfabetização e o letramento dos estudantes desde os primeiros anos de escolarização, uma vez que os instiga a ler e a escrever, bem como compreender o uso social da leitura e da escrita, como, por exemplo, através da exploração de diferentes gêneros textuais promovidos pela literatura infantil. Ainda, destaca-se a importância de maior investimento em formação docente continuada sobre literatura infantil e a articulação da mesma com outras áreas do conhecimento por meio da interdisciplinaridade.
Additional file 1: of Differential relationship between waist circumference and mortality according to age, sex, and body mass index in Koreans with age of 30â  90 years; a nationwide health insurance database study
Creators: name: Geum Cho
name: Yoo, Hye
name: Hwang, Soon
name: Choi, Jun
name: Kyu-Min Lee
name: Choi, Kyung
name: Baik, Sei
name: Han, Sung
name: Kim, Tak
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Table S1. Baseline characteristics of the study subjects according to WC groups. Table S2. Baseline characteristics of the study subjects according to BMI groups. Table S3. Baseline characteristics of the study subjects according to age groups. Table S4. Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for mortality according to WC categories stratified by BMI categories and age groups. (DOC 239 kb)
Fountain-driven gas accretion feeding star formation over the disc of NGC 2403
Creators: name: Li, Anqi
name: Fraternali, Filippo
name: Marasco, Antonino
name: Trager, Scott C.
name: Pezzulli, Gabriele
name: Piña, Pavel E. Mancera
name: Verheijen, Marc A. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a dynamical model of galactic fountain to study the neutral extraplanar gas (EPG) in the nearby spiral galaxy NGC 2403. We have modelled the EPG as a combination of material ejected from the disc by stellar feedback (i.e. galactic fountain) and gas accreting from the inner circumgalactic medium (CGM). This accretion is expected to occur because of cooling/condensation of the hot CGM (corona) triggered by the fountain. Our dynamical model reproduces the distribution and kinematics of the EPG H$\mathrm{\scriptsize{I}}$ emission in NGC 2403 remarkably well and suggests a total EPG mass of $4.7^{+1.2}_{-0.9}\times10^8\mathrm{M}_\odot$, with a typical scale height of around 1 kpc and a vertical gradient of the rotation velocity of $-10.0\pm2.7\,\mathrm{km\,s^{-1}\,kpc^{-1}}$. The best-fitting model requires a characteristic outflow velocity of $50\pm10\,\mathrm{km\,s^{-1}}$. The outflowing gas starts out mostly ionised and only becomes neutral later in the trajectory. The accretion rate from the condensation of the inner hot CGM inferred by the model is 0.8$\,\mathrm{M}_\odot\,\mathrm{yr}^{-1}$, approximately equal to the star formation rate in this galaxy (0.6$\,\mathrm{M}_\odot\,\mathrm{yr}^{-1}$). We show that the accretion profile, which peaks at a radius of about 4.5$\,$kpc, predicts a disc growth rate compatible with the observed value. Our results indicate that fountain-driven corona condensation is a likely mechanism to sustain star formation as well as the disc inside-out growth in local disc galaxies.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Additional file 1 of Ectopic and visceral fat deposition in aging, obesity, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: an interconnected role
Creators: name: Cheng, Xiaoyun
name: Jiang, Shuhan
name: Pan, Boyu
name: Xie, Wei
name: Meng, Jie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Fig. 1. The flowchart of literature research selection. Supplementary Fig. 2. Bioinformatics evidence of the association between lipid accumulation and poor IPF prognosis.
Sociodemographic and Clinical Predictors of Prescription Opioid Use in a Longitudinal Community-Based Cohort Study of Middle-Aged and Older Adults
Creators: name: Dasgupta, Nabarun
name: Golightly, Yvonne M.
name: Naumann, Rebecca B.
name: Shiue, Kristin Y.
name: Nelson, Amanda E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: Background: Despite declining opioid prescribing rates in the United States, the annual prevalence of prescription opioid use in adults ≥50 years old is estimated to be 40%, higher than that of younger adults (ages 18-29 years, 36%). As the American population ages, understanding factors that contribute to overall opioid use is a necessary first step in the determination and mitigation of inappropriate prescribing and opioid-related harms. Objective: Assess predictors of prescription opioid use in an adult population with a high prevalence of chronic pain. Methods: Data were from a community-based cohort of White and African American adults aged 50-90 years residing in predominantly rural Johnston County, North Carolina. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were used to evaluate sociodemographic and clinical factors in non-opioid users (n=795) at baseline (2006-2010) as predictors of opioid use at follow-up (2013-2015). Variables included age, sex, race, obesity (BMI≥30kg/m2), polypharmacy (5+ medications), educational attainment (<12, ≥12 years), employment (unemployed, employed/retired), insurance (uninsured, public, private), Census block group household poverty rate (<12%, 12–24%, ≥25%), depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale ≥16 or depression diagnosis), perceived social support (moderate/poor [<19], strong [≥19]; Strong Ties Measure of Social Support, range 0-20), pain sensitivity (sensitive [<4kg], normal [≥4kg] pressure pain threshold), and pain catastrophizing (high [≥15], moderate/low [<15]; Pain Catastrophizing Helplessness Subscale, range 0-25). Results: At follow-up, 13% (n=100) of participants were using prescription opioids. In univariable models, younger age, female sex, obesity, polypharmacy, unemployment, public (vs. private) health insurance, higher poverty rate, depressive symptoms, poorer perceived social support, pain catastrophizing, and elevated pain sensitivity were independently associated (p<0.05) with opioid use. In the multivariable model, younger age (60 vs. 70 years; adjusted odds ratio, 95% confidence interval=2.52, 1.08−5.88), polypharmacy (2.16, 1.24−3.77), high pain catastrophizing (2.17, 1.33−3.56), and depressive symptoms (2.00, 1.17−3.43) remained significant independent predictors. Conclusion: The simultaneous assessment of a breadth of clinical and sociodemographic factors identified polypharmacy, pain catastrophizing, and depressive symptoms as modifiable predictors of prescription opioid use. These findings support the incorporation of pharmacological review and behavioral approaches into chronic pain management strategies. Further research is warranted to track changes in these factors as prescription opioid use declines nationwide.
Additional file 1 of PARP targeted Auger emitter therapy with [125I]PARPi-01 for triple-negative breast cancer
Creators: name: Ambur Sankaranarayana, Ramya
name: Florea, Alexandru
name: Allekotte, Susanne
name: Vogg, Andreas T. J.
name: Maurer, Jochen
name: Schäfer, Laura
name: Bolm, Carsten
name: Terhorst, Steven
name: Classen, Arno
name: Bauwens, Matthias
name: Morgenroth, Agnieszka
name: Mottaghy, Felix M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. Fig. S1. Reaction scheme of the radiosynthesis of [123/125I]PARPi-01. Fig S2. [18F]FDG based PET/CT therapy monitoring. Fig S3. Tumour growth curve based on CT based images for individual mice. Fig S4. TUNEL and H&E staining of tissues obtained from [125I]PARPi-01 treated mouse. Fig S5. SDS-PAGE/phosphor imaging of [125I]PARPi-01 with corresponding WB analysis of PARP1 expression
Ranking species in mutualistic networks
Creators: name: Domínguez-García, Virginia
name: Muñoz, Miguel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the architectural subtleties of ecological networks, believed to confer them enhanced stability and robustness, is a subject of outmost relevance. Mutualistic interactions have been profusely studied and their corresponding bipartite networks, such as plant-pollinator networks, have been reported to exhibit a characteristic "nested" structure. Assessing the importance of any given species in mutualistic networks is a key task when evaluating extinction risks and possible cascade effects. Inspired in a recently introduced algorithm --similar in spirit to Google's PageRank but with a built-in non-linearity-- here we propose a method which --by exploiting their nested architecture-- allows us to derive a sound ranking of species importance in mutualistic networks. This method clearly outperforms other existing ranking schemes and can become very useful for ecosystem management and biodiversity preservation, where decisions on what aspects of ecosystems to explicitly protect need to be made.
Privacy Policy Negotiation in Social Media
Creators: name: Such, Jose M.
name: Rovatsos, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Social Media involve many shared items, such as photos, which may concern more than one user. The first challenge we address in this paper is to develop a way for users of such items to take a decision on to whom to share these items. This is not an easy problem, as users' privacy preferences for the same item may conflict, so an approach that just merges in some way the users' privacy preferences may provide unsatisfactory results. We propose a negotiation mechanism for users to agree on a compromise for the conflicts found. The second challenge we address in this paper relates to the exponential complexity of such a negotiation mechanism, which could make it too slow to be used in practice in a Social Media infrastructure. To address this, we propose heuristics that reduce the complexity of the negotiation mechanism and show how substantial benefits can be derived from the use of these heuristics through extensive experimental evaluation that compares the performance of the negotiation mechanism with and without these heuristics. Moreover, we show that one such heuristic makes the negotiation mechanism produce results fast enough to be used in actual Social Media infrastructures with near-optimal results.
Differential misclassification of overdose safety in a prominent comparative effectiveness RCT comparing buprenorphine and naltrexone for opioid dependence
Creators: name: Dasgupta, Nabarun
name: Schwartz, Todd
name: Ajazi, Elizabeth
name: Marshall, Stephen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Podium/Oral presentation at ISPE's 38th International Conference on Pharmacoepidemiology and Therapeutic Risk Management (ICPE 2022), scheduled for August 24-28 at the Bella Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Line Driven Winds from Variable Accretion Discs
Creators: name: Kirilov, Anthony
name: Dyda, Sergei
name: Reynolds, Christopher S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use numerical hydrodynamics simulations to study line driven winds launched from an accreting alpha-disc. Building on previous work where the driving radiation field is static, we compute a time-dependent radiation flux from the local, variable accretion rate of the disc. We find that prior to the establishment of a steady state in the disc, variations of ~ 15% in disc luminosity correlate with variations of ~ 2-3 in the mass flux of the wind. After a steady state is reached, when luminosity variations drop to ~ 3%, these correlations vanish as the variability in the mass flux is dominated by the intrinsic variability of the winds. This is especially evident in lower luminosity runs where intrinsic variability is higher due to a greater prevalence of failed winds. The changing mass flux occurs primarily due to the formation of clumps and voids near the disc atmosphere that propagate out into the low velocity part of the flow, a process that can be influenced by local variations in disc intensity. By computing the normalised standard deviation of the mass outflow, we show that the impact of luminosity variations on mass outflow is more visible at higher luminosity. However, the absolute change in mass outflow due to luminosity increases is larger for lower luminosity models due to the luminosity-mass flux scaling relation becoming steeper. We further discuss implications for CVs and AGN and observational prospects.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Additional file 2 of Multi-site microbiota alteration is a hallmark of kidney stone formation
Creators: name: Al, Kait F.
name: Joris, Benjamin R.
name: Daisley, Brendan A.
name: Chmiel, John A.
name: Bjazevic, Jennifer
name: Reid, Gregor
name: Gloor, Gregory B.
name: Denstedt, John D.
name: Razvi, Hassan
name: Burton, Jeremy P.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary Figure 1. KiSMi cohort sample collection. Supplementary Figure 2. Dietary macronutrients are comparable between cohorts. Supplementary Figure 3. Kidney stone microbiota is not dictated by stone composition. Supplementary Figure 4. Oral salivary microbiota is comparable between cohorts. Supplementary Figure 5. Gut microbiota global balances predictive of kidney stone disease. Supplementary Table 1. KiSMi study participant inclusion and exclusion criteria. Supplementary Table 2. 16S rRNA primer and barcode sequences. Supplementary Table 3. HPLC running conditions.