cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Probing resonant excitations in exotic compact objects via gravitational waves
Creators: name: Asali, Yasmeen
name: Pang, Peter T. H.
name: Samajdar, Anuradha
name: Broeck, Chris Van Den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational waves (GWs) from presumed binary black hole mergers are now being detected on a regular basis with the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo interferometers. Exotic compact objects (ECOs) have been proposed that differ from Kerr black holes, and which could leave an imprint upon the GW signal in a variety of ways. Here we consider excitations of ECOs during inspiral, which may occur when the monotonically increasing GW frequency matches a resonant frequency of an exotic object. This causes orbital energy to be taken away, leading to a speed-up of the orbital phase evolution. We show that resonances with induced phase shifts $\lesssim 10$ radians can be detectable with second-generation interferometers, using Bayesian model selection. We apply our methodology to detections in the GWTC-1 catalog from the first and second observing runs of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo, finding consistency with the binary black hole nature of the sources.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Non-Euclidean Universal Approximation
Creators: name: Kratsios, Anastasis
name: Bilokopytov, Eugene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: I.2.6
subject: 8T07, 68T05, 41A65, 46T99, 46T10, 54C35

description: Modifications to a neural network's input and output layers are often required to accommodate the specificities of most practical learning tasks. However, the impact of such changes on architecture's approximation capabilities is largely not understood. We present general conditions describing feature and readout maps that preserve an architecture's ability to approximate any continuous functions uniformly on compacts. As an application, we show that if an architecture is capable of universal approximation, then modifying its final layer to produce binary values creates a new architecture capable of deterministically approximating any classifier. In particular, we obtain guarantees for deep CNNs and deep feed-forward networks. Our results also have consequences within the scope of geometric deep learning. Specifically, when the input and output spaces are Cartan-Hadamard manifolds, we obtain geometrically meaningful feature and readout maps satisfying our criteria. Consequently, commonly used non-Euclidean regression models between spaces of symmetric positive definite matrices are extended to universal DNNs. The same result allows us to show that the hyperbolic feed-forward networks, used for hierarchical learning, are universal. Our result is also used to show that the common practice of randomizing all but the last two layers of a DNN produces a universal family of functions with probability one. We also provide conditions on a DNN's first (resp. last) few layer's connections and activation function which guarantee that these layers can have a width equal to the input (resp. output) space's dimension while not negatively affecting the architecture's approximation capabilities.
description: 21 Pages
An instanton-like excitation of a discrete time crystal
Creators: name: Yang, Xiaoqin
name: Cai, Zi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spontaneous symmetry breaking and elementary excitation are two of the pillars of condensed matter physics that are closely related to each other. The symmetry and its spontaneous breaking not only control the dynamics and spectrum of elementary excitations, but also determine their underlying structures. In this paper, we study the excitation properties of a non-equilibrium quantum matter: a discrete time crystal phase that spontaneously breaks the temporal translational symmetry. It is shown that such an intriguing symmetry breaking allows an instanton-like excitation that represents a tunneling between two "degenerate" time crystal phases. Furthermore, we also observe a dynamical transition point at which the instanton "size" diverges, a reminiscence of the critical slowing down phenomenon in nonequilibrium statistic physics. A phenomenological theory has been proposed to understand the phase dynamics of the proposed system and the experimental realization and detection have also been discussed.
description: accepted by Phys. Rev. Lett
Left centralizers on Lie ideals in prime and semiprime gamma rings
Creators: name: Hoque, Md Fazlul
name: Paul, Akhil Chandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16N60, 16W25, 16W10

description: Let $U$ be a Lie ideal of a 2-torsion free prime $Γ$-ring $M$ such that $uαu\in U$ for all $u\in U$ and $α\inΓ$. If $T:M\rightarrow M$ is an additive mapping satifying the relation $T(uαu)=T(u)αu$ for all $u\in U$ and $α\inΓ$, then we prove that $T(uαv)=T(u)αv$ for all $u, v\in U$ and $α\inΓ$. Also this result is extended to semiprime $Γ$-rings.
description: 10 pages
Net economic impacts of achieving maximum economic yield in fisheries
Creators: name: Norman-Lopez, Ana
name: Pascoe, Sean
name: Norman-Lopez, Ana
name: Pascoe, Sean
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: maximum economic yield
subject: fisheries management
subject: net economic impact
subject: input-output analysis

description: Improving the economic performance of fisheries is becoming increasingly important in fisheries management, and in some cases, maximum economic yield (MEY) is set as a key management target. However, associated with MEY is a level of fishing activity that is lower than would otherwise occur, even in fisheries managed to achieve the maximum sustainable yield. This will result in losses in economic activity elsewhere in the economy, potentially resulting in a net loss to society in the short to medium term. In this paper, an input-output framework is used to estimate the net economic impact of achieving MEY in Australian fisheries. While incomes are reduced in other sectors of the economy, the net impact of achieving MEY in fisheries is dependent on how total catches are likely to change relative to their levels under current management. It is argued that, at least in most Australian fisheries, achieving MEY will result in a net economic benefit to society. Local communities are likely to be included among the set of main beneficiaries, with potential losses being incurred elsewhere in the economy. Sectors that potentially lose as a result of the transition to MEY previously benefited from overcapitalisation in fisheries, and hence higher incomes in these sectors were an artefact of the market failure in fisheries.
Light scalars as tetraquarks or two-meson states from large Nc and unitarized Chiral Perturbation Theory
Creators: name: Pelaez, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By means of unitarized Chiral Perturbation Theory it is possible to obtain a remarkable description of meson-meson scattering amplitudes up to 1.2 GeV, and generate poles associated to scalar and vector resonances. Since Chiral Perturbation Theory is the QCD low energy effective theory, it is possible then to study its large Nc limit where qqbar states are easily identified. The vectors thus generated follow closely a qqbar behavior, whereas the light scalar poles follow the large Nc behavior expected for a dominant tetraquark or two-meson structure.
description: Invited Brief Report to appear in Modern Physcis Letters A. 15 pages
title: المرأة ودورها في المجتمع المدني في الإمارات: دراسة تاريخية واجتماعية لدور المرأة الإجتماعي/ د. فاطمة الصايغ.
Creators: name: الصايغ، فاطمة حسن
Publisher: name: الأرشيف والمكتبة الوطنية
Year: 2017
Subjects: النساء - الدور الاجتماعي - الإمارات العربية المتحدة
المرأة في الحياة العامة - الإمارات العربية المتحدة
المرأة الاماراتية.
المرأة - الجوانب الاجتماعية - الإمارات العربية المتحدة

- تستهدف هذه الدراسة تحديدَ مدى وعي المرأة المواطنة في دولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة بدور مؤسسات المجتمع المدني ونشاطها، وأهمية تلك المؤسسات من وجهة نظرها، وتحديدَ مدى مساهمة المرأة في عمل أنشطة مؤسسات المجتمع المدني، ومعرفةَ أسباب عدم إقبال المرأة المواطنة على أنشطة مؤسسات المجتمع المدني، ولاسيما فئة الشباب، وتستهدف أيضًا معرفةَ سُبُل النهوض بالعمل الاجتماعي التطوعي، وزيادة فعالية جمعيات النفع العام ومؤسسات المجتمع المدني بأشكالها المختلفة، إضافة إلى تحديد الفائدة المجتمعية التي تجنيها المرأة الإماراتية من انخراطها في العمل التطوعي، والمشاركة بفعالية في مؤسسات المجتمع المدني.
BOLALARDA STOMATOLOGIK DAVOLANISHNING PSIXOLOGIK OQIBATLARINI BAHOLASH
Creators: name: Saydaliyev, Muhiddin
name: Mukimov, Shaxobiddin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Stomatologik amaliyotda biz ko'pchilik bolalar bilan hamkorlik qilmasdan stomatologik muolajalar qilinayotganiligiga duch kelamiz. Ba'zida bolalarni stomatologik klinikasida boshqarish juda qiyin bo'ladi. Ushbu boshqaruv qiyinchiliklari nafaqat  davolash muolajalari, balki bolaning turli xil hissiy buzilishlari bilan ham bog'liq. Tishlarni davolash paytida eng ko'p uchraydigan hissiy buzilishlar stomatologiya xonasidagi oldingi travmatik hissi yoki boshqa sabablarga ko'ra kasalxonaga yotqizish paytida paydo bo'lishi mumkin bo'lgan tashvish va qo'rquvdir[1].
Indonesian agricultural trade policy at the crossroads
Creators: name: Oktaviani, Rina
name: Setyoko, Nur Rakhman
name: Vanzetti, David
name: Oktaviani, Rina
name: Setyoko, Nur Rakhman
name: Vanzetti, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: agriculture
subject: trade
subject: Indonesia

description: Following the global spike in food prices in 2008, there is renewed interest in Indonesia in self-sufficiency as a means of achieving food security. Restrictive trade policies, including specific tariffs on rice and sugar, and quantitative restrictions on imports and exports, have been used in an attempt to meet conflicting objectives of assisting both producers and consumers. Meanwhile, palm oil exports to the European Union are constrained by the importer's concerns about deforestation and its contribution to climate change. Similar constraints may be applied to other commodities as production moves into pristine areas in an attempt to maintain self-sufficiency. On the other hand, more open trade may offer better options to address any agricultural-related costs associated with climate change. A computable general equilibrium model is used to analyze the efficiency and distributional impacts of these agricultural trade policies. The results suggest that removing or reducing tariffs on rice and sugar would increase imports substantially in relative terms but have only a small impact on domestic prices and production. A ban on palm oil exports to the European Union would have a significant impact, although offset somewhat by increased exports elsewhere. In each case the major effects are distributional, involving transfers between producers and consumers. Multiple instruments are necessary to achieve conflicting objectives. For example, social safety nets rather than trade bans should be used to support poor consumers. Support for the agricultural sector should focus on the provision of rural infrastructure, research and development, and the encouragement of private sector investment.
Additional file 8 of SHP2 mutations induce precocious gliogenesis of Noonan syndrome-derived iPSCs during neural development in vitro
Creators: name: Younghee Ju
name: Park, Jun Sung
name: Daejeong Kim
name: Bumsoo Kim
name: Lee, Jeong Ho
name: Yoonkey Nam
name: Han-Wook Yoo
name: Lee, Beom Hee
name: Han, Yong-Mahn
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 8: Figure S7. Time-course extracellular neural activities of NS-neural cells. (A) Monitoring of number of spontaneous extracellular spikes during neural differentiation. In WT- and NS-neural cells, recording of extracellular neural activities were obtained for 5 min at a two-week interval from 6 to 12 weeks during neural differentiation from NPCs. The number of extracellular spikes was significantly reduced in NS-neural cells at 12 week. Data were represented as mean ± SEM (6 week, n=5; 8 week, n=3; 10 week, n=2; 12 week, n=2). (B) Raster plot of extracellular spikes of NS-neural cells cultured for 12 weeks. Active channels with extracellular spikes in NS-neural cells were fewer than WT-neural cells (non treated, upper panel). A number of active channels increased via SHP2 inhibition in NS neural cells (lower panel). Extracellular spikes are shown as dots among the 64 electrodes. The bin size is 1 ms. The electrodes with extracellular spikes are defined as active channels. (C) Comparison of number of extracellular spikes between non- and PHPS1-treated groups. In the non-treated group (open bar), a small number of extracellular spikes were detected in NS-neural cells compared to WT-neural cells. SHP2 inhibition partially increased number of extracellular spikes in NS-neural cells (filled bar). (D) Spike frequency of NS-neural cells. No difference was detected in the spike frequency of neural cells between non- and SHP2 inhibited groups. (E) Decrease of glial cells in NS-neural cells after SHP2 inhibition. Glial cells were reduced in NS-neural cells after treatment of PHPS1. MAP2-positive (red) and GFAP-positive (green) cells represented neuronal and glial cells, respectively. Scale bar, 50 μm. These results were repeated twice independently with a different set of neural cells. P values were determined by using an unpaired Student’s t-test. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01.
The multiple realizability of general relativity in quantum gravity
Creators: name: Jaksland, Rasmus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Must a theory of quantum gravity have some truth to it if it can recover general relativity in some limit of the theory? This paper answers this question in the negative by indicating that general relativity is multiply realizable in quantum gravity. The argument is inspired by spacetime functionalism - multiple realizability being a central tenet of functionalism - and proceeds via three case studies: induced gravity, thermodynamic gravity, and entanglement gravity. In these, general relativity in the form of the Einstein field equations can be recovered from elements that are either manifestly multiply realizable or at least of the generic nature that is suggestive of functions. If general relativity, as argued here, can inherit this multiple realizability, then a theory of quantum gravity can recover general relativity while being completely wrong about the posited microstructure. As a consequence, the recovery of general relativity cannot serve as the ultimate arbiter that decides which theory of quantum gravity that is worthy of pursuit, even though it is of course not irrelevant either qua quantum gravity. Thus, the recovery of general relativity in string theory, for instance, does not guarantee that the stringy account of the world is on the right track; despite sentiments to the contrary among string theorists.
description: 30 pages. To appear in Synthese
Long-Distance Marketing of Sweet Potato from the Highlands of Papua New Guinea: An Analysis of Consumer Preferences and Supplier Responsiveness
Creators: name: Omot, Norah
name: Spriggs, John
name: Chang, Hui-Shung (Christie)
name: Omot, Norah
name: Spriggs, John
name: Chang, Hui-Shung (Christie)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Consumer preferences
subject: differentiated product
subject: Highland suppliers
subject: supplier awareness
subject: supplier responsiveness
subject: marketing strategies
subject: Lae

description: Sweet potato is by far the most important staple food in Papua New Guinea. While much is consumed as a subsistence crop, it is also an important income earner for many small holder farmers in the Highlands of PNG. Of the Highlands sweet potato sold, about 90 percent is traded informally on open markets, locally or in coastal urban markets. Data from a consumer survey, from an informant interview of highlands suppliers and from consumer and supplier observations at the Lae market (the largest coastal urban market for sweet potato) was used to explore the extent to which Highland sweet potato in the coastal urban market of Lae, may be considered a differentiated product. As a staple food being sold on informal markets one may think it is best represented as an undifferentiated commodity. On the other hand, there are many different varieties as well as different offerings (e.g. heap sizes, washed/unwashed and Highland/Lowland) which suggest some product differentiation characteristics. Results suggest that consumer preferences in the Lae market are sophisticated and preferences are highly differentiated. It was also found that Highland suppliers do have some appreciation of the consumer preferences in the Lae market. However, it is also apparent that suppliers do not know how to differentiate their product to effectively meet demand and hence they are not very customer-responsive. The implications are that there is considerable potential to improve marketing strategy and management to take advantage of sophisticated consumer preferences.
The Polarised Photon $g_1^γ$ Sum Rule at the Linear Collider and High Luminosity B Factories
Creators: name: Shore, G. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The sum rule for the first moment of the polarised (virtual) photon structure function $g_1^γ(x,Q^2;K^2)$ is revisited in the light of proposals for future $e^+ e^-$ colliders. The sum rule exhibits an array of phenomena characteristic of QCD: for real photons ($K^2=0$) electromagnetic gauge invariance constrains the first moment to vanish; the limit for asymptotic photon virtuality ($m_ρ^2 \ll K^2 \ll Q^2$) is governed by the electromagnetic $U_A(1)$ axial anomaly and the approach to asymptopia by the gluonic anomaly; for intermediate values of $K^2$, it reflects the realisation of chiral symmetry and is determined by the off-shell radiative couplings of the pseudoscalar mesons; finally, like many polarisation phenomena in QCD, the first moment of $g_1^γ$ involves the gluon topological susceptibility. In this paper, we review the original sum rule proposed by Narison, Shore and Veneziano and extend the relation with pseudoscalar mesons. The possibility of measuring the sum rule in future polarised $e^+ e^-$ colliders is then considered in detail, focusing on the International Linear Collider (ILC) and high luminosity $B$ factories. We conclude that all the above features of the sum rule should be accessible at a polarised collider with the characteristics of SuperKEKB.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures, LaTeX
Scale, Scope, and Specialization Effects on Retailers’ Procurement Strategies: Evidence from the Fresh Produce Markets of São Paulo
Creators: name: Mainville, Denise Y.
name: Reardon, Thomas
name: Farina, Elizabeth Maria Mercier Querido
name: Mainville, Denise Y.
name: Reardon, Thomas
name: Farina, Elizabeth Maria Mercier Querido
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Political Economy
subject: scale
subject: scope
subject: specialization
subject: procurement strategy
subject: fresh produce
subject: retail

description: Worldwide, the emergence of large supermarket chains in food retail markets is often associated with the marginalization of smaller retailers. A notable exception exists in Brazil, however, where small retailers have held their place in the market and recently even gained ground. The literature investigating how retail concentration has affected agrifood chains has focused activities of the largest retail chains, implicitly holding the scale, scope and specialization of retailers’ input needs constant, and overlooking the influence of these factors on retailers’ procurement strategies. This paper tests hypotheses regarding these variables’ effects on retailers’ fresh produce procurement strategies. Data is drawn from a survey of retailers in metropolitan São Paulo. The research results provide insight into factors underlying retailers’ procurement strategy choices and tradeoffs among options. The results support the fundamental hypothesis of the paper that research on the competitive strategies of smaller retailers in a context of market domination by large retailers should not focus exclusively on the degree to which the smaller retailers imitate the larger retailers rather it should account for the possibility that the underlying characteristics of the retailers may make diverse competitive strategies appropriate.
Transport in spinless superconducting wires
Creators: name: Bhat, Junaid Majeed
name: Dhar, Abhishek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider electron transport in a model of a spinless superconductor described by a Kitaev type lattice Hamiltonian where the electron interactions are modelled through a superconducting pairing term. The superconductor is sandwiched between two normal metals kept at different temperatures and chemical potentials and are themselves modelled as non-interacting spinless fermions. For this set-up we compute the exact steady state properties of the system using the quantum Langevin equation approach. Closed form exact expressions for particle current, energy current and other two-point correlations are obtained in the Landauer-type forms and involve two nonequilibrium Green's functions. The current expressions are found out to be sum of three terms having simple physical interpretations. We then discuss a numerical approach where we construct the time-evolution of the two point correlators of the system from the eigenspectrum of the complete quadratic Hamiltonian describing the system and leads. By starting from an initial state corresponding to the leads in thermal equilibrium and the system in an arbitrary state, the long time solution for the correlations, before recurrence times, gives us steady state properties. We use this independent numerical method for verifying the results of the exact solution. We also investigate analytically the presence of high energy bound states and obtain expressions for their contributions to two point correlators. As applications of our general formalism we present results on thermal conductance and on the conductance of a Kitaev chain with next nearest neighbour interactions which allows topological phases with different winding numbers.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures
Uncountable trees and Cohen $κ$-reals
Creators: name: Laguzzi, Giorgio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate some versions of amoeba for tree-forcings in the generalized Cantor and Baire spaces. This answers [10, Question 3.20] and generalizes a line of research that in the standard case has been studied in [11], [13], and [7]. Moreover, we also answer questions posed in [3] by Friedman, Khomskii, and Kulikov, about the relationships between regularity properties at uncountable cardinals. We show $Σ_1^1$-counterexamples to some regularity properties related to trees without club splitting. In particular we prove a strong relationship between the Ramsey and the Baire properties, in slight contrast with the standard case.
description: 19
Z and Z' decays with and without FCNC in 331 models
Creators: name: Carcamo, A.
name: Martinez, R.
name: Ochoa, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of the 331 models, we consider constraints on the extra neutral boson $Z^{\prime}$ predicted by the model, where three different quark family assignments are identified. Using the ansatz of Matsuda as an specific texture for the quark mass matrices, we obtain allowed regions associated with the Z-Z' mixing angle, the mass of the $Z^{\prime}$ boson and the parameter $β$ which determines different 331 models. The $Z_{1}$ and $Z_{2}$ decays with and without flavor changing are also considered. The flavor changing decays of the $Z_{1}$ boson into quarks at tree level are highly suppressed by the $Z-Z^{\prime}$ mixing angle, obtaining the same order of magnitude as the standard model prediction at one loop level. The $% Z_{2}$ decay widths are calculated with and without flavor changing, where oblique radiative corrections at one loop accounts for about $1%-4%$ deviations.
description: 33 pages, 6 figures, LaTeX2e
Reinforcement Learning for UAV Autonomous Navigation, Mapping and Target Detection
Creators: name: Guerra, Anna
name: Guidi, Francesco
name: Dardari, Davide
name: Djuric, Petar M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, we study a joint detection, mapping and navigation problem for a single unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) equipped with a low complexity radar and flying in an unknown environment. The goal is to optimize its trajectory with the purpose of maximizing the mapping accuracy and, at the same time, to avoid areas where measurements might not be sufficiently informative from the perspective of a target detection. This problem is formulated as a Markov decision process (MDP) where the UAV is an agent that runs either a state estimator for target detection and for environment mapping, and a reinforcement learning (RL) algorithm to infer its own policy of navigation (i.e., the control law). Numerical results show the feasibility of the proposed idea, highlighting the UAV's capability of autonomously exploring areas with high probability of target detection while reconstructing the surrounding environment.
Referential communication strategies as a function of accessing conceptual representations of abstract shapes in a second or foreign language
Creators: name: Schuetze, Ulf
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis investigates referential communication strategies using the theoretical framework of Levelt's (1989) model of speech production and its application to second language speech production (de Bot, 1992). The investigation focuses on utterances of adult speakers who solve a referential communication task in their first language (English) and their second language (German). Two different groups participate in the study. The first group consists of students from a large West Canadian University who learn German in a foreign language classroom, whereas the second group consists of native speakers of English who work in Germany and acquire German in a second language environment. All participants describe abstract shapes while their utterances are being recorded and later transcribed for analysis. Quantitative and qualitative methods measuring the time and words reflect the strategies used to describe the shapes. The analysis of the data reveals that the participants in Germany are more accurate in their descriptions and solve the referential problems more successfully than the participants from the West Canadian University do. The direct contact these participants have with the German language and culture proves to be beneficial to the process of generating a comprehensible message in referential communication. The study concludes with suggestions for the teaching of German as a second language and recommendations are made for future research on language acquisition the learning environment.
Contratos de opção: análise do potencial de sustentação de preços para o mercado de arroz
Creators: name: Adami, Andreia Cristina De Oliveira
name: Barros, Geraldo Sant'Ana De Camargo
name: Bacchi, Mirian Rumenos Piedade
name: Adami, Andreia Cristina De Oliveira
name: Barros, Geraldo Sant'Ana De Camargo
name: Bacchi, Mirian Rumenos Piedade
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Political Economy
subject: Put option
subject: Federal Government Acquisition
subject: Paddy

description: An economic model was developed to analyze the put option contract role to stabilize prices in the paddy market. The possibility of using Federal Government Acquisitions (AGF) to complement the option instrument was considered. The role of the options was to reduce the risks of storing the product for later sale. The model is applied to analyze the option instrument implementation in the 2004/05 season. A two week demand for rice was estimated for the Brazilian market. The results show that the market prices go up when the government acts through the AGF. The options serve the purpose of making prices follow a compatible path. It was estimated that the probability for the option owners exercise their options is greater when the AGF are not used. One can conclude that these two tools (AGF and put options) can be used in a complementary way, with the AGF raising the market prices in the harvesting period, and the put option contracts making sure that the prices follow a competitive path and reduce the risks of future prices.
Maps of Magnetic Field Strength in the OMC-1 using HAWC+ FIR Polarimetric data
Creators: name: Guerra, Jordan A.
name: Chuss, David T.
name: Dowell, C. Darren
name: Houde, Martin
name: Michail, Joseph M.
name: Siah, Javad
name: Wollack, Edward J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Far-infrared (FIR) dust polarimetry enables the study of interstellar magnetic fields via tracing of the polarized emission from dust grains that are partially aligned with the direction of the field. The advent of high quality polarimetric data has permitted the use of statistical methods to extract both the direction and magnitude of the magnetic field. In this work, the Davis-Chandrasekhar-Fermi technique is used to make maps of the plane-of-sky (POS) component of the magnetic field in the Orion Molecular Cloud (OMC-1) by combining polarization maps at 53, 89, 154 and 214 \micron\ from HAWC+/SOFIA with maps of density and velocity dispersion. In addition, maps of the local dispersion of polarization angles are used in conjuction with Zeeman measurements to estimate a map of the strength of the line-of-sight (LOS) component of the field. Combining these maps, information about the three-dimensional magnetic field configuration (integrated along the line-of-sight) is inferred over the OMC-1 region. POS magnetic field strengths of up to 2 mG are observed near the BN/KL object, while the OMC-1 bar shows strengths of up to a few hundred $μ$G. These estimates of the magnetic field components are used to produce maps of the mass-to-magnetic flux ratio ($M/Φ$) -- a metric for probing the conditions for star formation in molecular clouds -- and determine regions of sub- and super-criticality in OMC-1. Such maps can provide invaluable input and comparison to MHD simulations of star formation processes in filamentary structures of molecular clouds.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Reallocating Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Emission in EU15 Countries
Creators: name: Serrao, Amilcar
name: Serrao, Amilcar
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: DEA
subject: Zero Sum Gains
subject: Movement along the Efficient Frontier
subject: Smoothed Frontier
subject: Greenhouse Gas Emissions

description: This research work uses an alternative approach for modeling agricultural greenhouse gas emissions as an undesirable output, based on the zero sum gains DEA model (ZSG-DEA BCC model). This approach reallocates agricultural greenhouse gas emissions among EU15 countries. The reallocation analysis of greenhouse gas emissions permits countries that increase their emissions negotiate the emissions reduction with the others. This negotiation process might create a quota trade system for agricultural activity.
The Impact of Retail Promotion on the Purchase of Private Label Products: The Case of U.S. Processed Cheese
Creators: name: Bouhlal, Yasser
name: Capps, Oral
name: Bouhlal, Yasser
name: Capps, Oral
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: retail promotion
subject: coupon
subject: private label
subject: cheese consumption
subject: probit
subject: endogenous explanatory variable

description: This study examines the impact of retail promotion on the purchase of private label products. The influence of private label coupons, national brand coupons, and store features is examined. To identify these effects, a logistic model Probit is estimated where the binary variable equals 1 if the household buys the private label product, and equals 0 if the private label product is not bought. The model gives the probability that Y=1 is chosen conditional on a set of explanatory variables. In this study we focus on the American processed cheese transactions and we use the ACNielsen Homescan Panel of U.S. households for the year 2005. No significant relationship was found between private label purchase and the level of private label couponing activity. Although increasing private label couponing has no impact on increasing private label purchase, a strong negative relationship was found between national brand manufacturer couponing activity and private label purchase decision. Therefore, national brand couponing appears to be an effective strategy for manufacturers to deter the private label growth in the processed cheese market.
Precise Localization of the Soft Gamma Repeater SGR 1627-41 and the Anomalous X-ray Pulsar AXP 1E1841-045 with Chandra
Creators: name: Wachter, S.
name: Patel, S.
name: Kouveliotou, C.
name: Bouchet, P.
name: Ozel, F.
name: Tennant, A.
name: Woods, P.
name: Hurley, K.
name: Becker, W.
name: Slane, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present precise localizations of AXP 1E1841-045 and SGR 1627-41 with Chandra. We obtained new infrared observations of SGR 1627-41 and reanalyzed archival observations of AXP 1E1841-045 in order to refine their positions and search for infrared counterparts. A faint source is detected inside the error circle of AXP 1E1841-045. In the case of SGR 1627-41, several sources are located within the error radius of the X-ray position and we discuss the likelihood of one of them being the counterpart. We compare the properties of our candidates to those of other known AXP and SGR counterparts. We find that the counterpart candidates for SGR 1627-41 and SGR 1806-20 would have to be intrinsically much brighter than AXPs to have detectable counterparts with the observational limits currently available for these sources. To confirm the reported counterpart of SGR 1806-20, we obtained new IR observations during the July 2003 burst activation of the source. No brightening of the suggested counterpart is detected, implying that the counterpart of SGR 1806-20 remains yet to be identified.
description: 29 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Some considerations on Amoeba forcing notions
Creators: name: Laguzzi, Giorgio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we analyse some notions of amoeba for tree forcings. In particular we introduce an amoeba-Silver and prove that it satisfies quasi pure decision but not pure decision. Further we define an amoeba-Sacks and prove that it satisfies the Laver property. We also show some application to regularity properties. We finally present a generalized version of amoeba and discuss some interesting associated questions.
description: 16 pages
Additional file 5 of Repeated assessment of work-related exhaustion: the temporal stability of ratings in the Lund University Checklist for Incipient Exhaustion
Creators: name: Persson, Roger
name: Österberg, Kai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 5: Frequencies of main themes of positive/negative changes in the work situation and private life during LTE episodes.
Additional file 6 of Repeated assessment of work-related exhaustion: the temporal stability of ratings in the Lund University Checklist for Incipient Exhaustion
Creators: name: Persson, Roger
name: Österberg, Kai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 6: Description of the qualitative thematic analysis of the responses to the optional free-text commentaries among LTE cases.
Intermediate Assouad-like dimensions for measures
Creators: name: Hare, Kathryn E.
name: Hare, Kevin G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The upper and lower Assouad dimensions of a metric space are local variants of the box dimensions of the space and provide quantitative information about the `thickest' and `thinnest' parts of the set. Less extreme versions of these dimensions for sets have been introduced, including the upper and lower quasi-Assouad dimensions, $θ$-Assouad spectrum, and $Φ$-dimensions. In this paper, we study the analogue of the upper and lower $Φ$-dimensions for measures. We give general properties of such dimensions, as well as more specific results for self-similar measures satisfying various separation properties and discrete measures.
description: 10 pages
Additional file 7 of SHP2 mutations induce precocious gliogenesis of Noonan syndrome-derived iPSCs during neural development in vitro
Creators: name: Younghee Ju
name: Park, Jun Sung
name: Daejeong Kim
name: Bumsoo Kim
name: Lee, Jeong Ho
name: Yoonkey Nam
name: Han-Wook Yoo
name: Lee, Beom Hee
name: Han, Yong-Mahn
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 7: Figure S6. Characterization of cerebral organoids developed from human iPSCs. (A) Schematic protocol for differentiation of cerebral organoids from human iPSCs. (B) Expressions of neuroectodermal markers in cerebral organoids at 25 day of culture. Scale bars, 50 μm. (C) Expression of neuroectodermal and neuronal markers in cerebral organoids. WT-and NS-cerebral organoids retained neuroectodermal cells expressing SOX2 in ventricular zone (VZ) and neuronal cells expressing MAP2 in cortical plate (CP). Scale bars, 50 μm.
Additional file 5 of SHP2 mutations induce precocious gliogenesis of Noonan syndrome-derived iPSCs during neural development in vitro
Creators: name: Younghee Ju
name: Park, Jun Sung
name: Daejeong Kim
name: Bumsoo Kim
name: Lee, Jeong Ho
name: Yoonkey Nam
name: Han-Wook Yoo
name: Lee, Beom Hee
name: Han, Yong-Mahn
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 5: Figure S4. Treatments of NS-iPSCs with diverse chemicals during EB formation. (A) Effects of BMP inhibitor and TGF-β inhibitor on EB formation in NS-iPSCs. Treatment of either BMP inhibitor or TGF-β inhibitor alone was not effective for the morphological recovery of NS-EBs. NS-EBs were morphologically improved by the dual inhibition of BMP and TGF-β signaling. Scale bar, 200 μm. (B) Effects of SHP2 inhibition on EB formation in NS-iPSCs. NS-iPSCs were independently incubated with 10 μM PHPS1 (SHP2 inhibitor). SHP2 inhibition did not improve EB formation in NS-iPSCs. Scale bar, 200 μm. (C) Developmental failure of NS-EBs treated with SHP2 inhibitor to NR. Scale bar, 20 μm.
Reforming the reading woman : tradition and transition in Tudor devotional literature
Creators: name: Willems, Katherine Elizabeth
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis outlines two distinct modes of early sixteenth-century devotional practice (image-based and text-oriented), which in the context of the English reformation are increasingly represented as antithetical to one another, as Protestants champion the vernacular Bible and creed-based Christianity, while suppressing "idolatrous" images and traditional practices. Women readers, who tend to be vernacular readers, figure prominently in the religious controversy, and come to represent both the distinctives of Protestantism and anxieties around vernacular readership and hermeneutic agency. The vernacular woman reader stands in direct opposition to the priestly authority of masculine, Latin clerical culture; accordingly she is both rhetorically useful to the Protestant cause and a locus of cultural instability. I then turn to consider female Tudor translators as reading women, and translation itself (rather than a type of "feminine" writing) as a form of meditative or proclamatory reading. While translation has a traditional association with the meditative devotional reader, the religious controversy makes possible a more public and polemically motivated sort of translation by women, which, however, remains framed largely in terms of personal devotional activity. As the number of literate women grows throughout the century, translation (with reading) is also increasingly represented as a means of keeping women out of trouble, a development which reflects the growing acceptance of the Protestant contention that a good woman is a reading woman. The epistolary culture of the persecuted Marian Protestant community illustrates the construction of a community of readers in the Protestant language of spiritual family, and the role of the reading woman in sustaining that community. My concluding chapter outlines the continuing construction of a textual community of exemplary foremothers, a tradition of "godly, learned women," in which the virtuous woman reader is expected to participate. This distinctly Protestant pattern of literate female piety, alongside a growing number of women readers in Elizabethan England, increasingly shapes cultural ideals of female virtue.
Search for the pentaquark resonance signature in lattice QCD
Creators: name: Lasscock, B. G.
name: Hedditch, J.
name: Leinweber, D. B.
name: Melnitchouk, W.
name: Thomas, A. W.
name: Williams, A. G.
name: Young, R. D.
name: Zanotti, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Claims concerning the possible discovery of the Θ^+ pentaquark, with minimal quark content uudd\bar{s}, have motivated our comprehensive study into possible pentaquark states using lattice QCD. We review various pentaquark interpolating fields in the literature and create a new candidate ideal for lattice QCD simulations. Using these interpolating fields we attempt to isolate a signal for a five-quark resonance. Calculations are performed using improved actions on a large 20^3 x 40 lattice in the quenched approximation. The standard lattice resonance signal of increasing attraction between baryon constituents for increasing quark mass is not observed for spin-1/2 pentaquark states. We conclude that evidence supporting the existence of a spin-1/2 pentaquark resonance does not exist in quenched QCD.
description: 42 pages, 28 figures, 11 tables
Loan Allocation within Group Lending: New Evidence From Self-Help Group Program in South India
Creators: name: Goto, Jun
name: Goto, Jun
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: International Development
subject: Microfinance
subject: SHG
subject: credit rationing
subject: India

description: Microfinance (MF) has attracted growing attention as a means of improving financial access. Reflecting the enthusiasm about it, Government of India has initiated the biggest MF program since 1992. This program adopts a group lending methodology with joint liability based on Self-Help Group (SHG) in which microloans are designed to be allocated among members by themselves. Despite the proliferation of impact evaluation studies on MF, few studies shed light on loan allocation or actual credit access. There exists a black box which contains several questions. How do members allocate microloan within a group? Does there still exist credit rationing among participants caused by this loan allocation? This paper empirically explores these questions. The objective is to clarify the determinants of loan allocation and credit access within group lending, using original data collected in Kerala, South India. Estimation results show that the access to microcredit is not necessarily guaranteed for all of members in SHGs and loan is allocated in group lending with two types of credit rationing (demand-side and supply-side rationing). Our evidences suggest that a potential borrower would be preliminary rationed by lack of creditworthiness, insufficient implicit collateral requirements, weak bargaining power, transaction costs and, urgent needs by others. In addition, there might be a selection based on creditworthiness, political distortion, and wealth bias in loan allocation.
description: Poster prepared for presentation at the Agricultural & Applied Economics Association 2010 AAEA,CAES, & WAEA Joint Annual Meeting, Denver, Colorado, July 25-27, 2010.