cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Double-layered quantum dots in a magnetic field: The ground state and the far-infrared response
Creators: name: Mayrock, O.
name: Mikhailov, Sergey
name: Darnhofer, T.
name: Rössler, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We investigate the ground-state properties, the far-infrared (FIR) response, and the collective modes of a square lattice of double-layered quantum dots by applying classical and quantum-mechanical concepts. Using classical self-consistent linear response theory for the dot array we derive analytic results for the magnetoabsorption spectrum and the frequencies, linewidths, and oscillator strengths of the optical and acoustic collective modes including the effect of intercell and intracell interactions. Within the full quantum-mechanical calculation (applying density-functional theory with the local-density approximation) for a single double-layered quantum dot we obtain numerically ground-state properties and the FIR excitation frequencies. We use a quantum dot model with a realistic distribution of background charge, which accounts for surface states and total charge neutrality. In both approaches we study the dependence of the oscillator strengths of the acoustic mode on the asymmetry of the double-layered system in order to give information on the condition for experimental detection.
Nonlinear Resonant Transport of Bose-Einstein Condensates
Creators: name: Paul, Tobias
name: Richter, Klaus
name: Schlagheck, Peter
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: 03.75.Kk
subject: 03.75.Dg
subject: 42.65.Pc

description: The coherent flow of a Bose-Einstein condensate through a quantum dot in a magnetic waveguide is studied. By the numerical integration of the time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation in the presence of a source term, we simulate the propagation process of the condensate through a double barrier potential in the waveguide. We find that resonant transport is suppressed in interaction-induced regimes of bistability, where multiple scattering states exist at the same chemical potential and the same incident current. We demonstrate, however, that a temporal control of the external potential can be used to circumvent this limitation and to obtain enhanced transmission near the resonance on experimentally realistic time scales.
Homogeneous optical cloak constructed with uniform layered structures
Creators: name: Zhang, Jingjing
name: Liu, Liu
name: Luo, Yu
name: Zhang, Shuang
name: Mortensen, Niels Asger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The prospect of rendering objects invisible has intrigued researchers for centuries. Transformation optics based invisibility cloak design is now bringing this goal from science fictions to reality and has already been demonstrated experimentally in microwave and optical frequencies. However, the majority of the invisibility cloaks reported so far have a spatially varying refractive index which requires complicated design processes. Besides, the size of the hidden object is usually small relative to that of the cloak device. Here we report the experimental realization of a homogenous invisibility cloak with a uniform silicon grating structure. The design strategy eliminates the need for spatial variation of the material index, and in terms of size it allows for a very large obstacle/cloak ratio. A broadband invisibility behavior has been verified at near-infrared frequencies, opening up new oppotunities for using uniform layered medium to realize invisibility at any frequency ranges, where high-quality dielectrics are available.
Production of Complement Clauses (Steel et al., 2016)
Creators: name: Steel, Gillian
name: Rose, Miranda
name: Eadie, Patricia
Publisher: name: ASHA journals
Year: 2022
Subjects: Language

description: Purpose: The purpose of this research was to provide a comprehensive description of complement-clause production in children with language impairment. Complement clauses were examined with respect to types of complement structure produced, verb use, and both semantic and syntactic accuracy.Method: A group of 17 children with language impairment (mean age = 6;10 [years; months]) was compared with a group of 17 younger children with typical language development (mean age = 4;6). Examples of both nonfinite complements with different subjects and sentential complements involving a range of complement-taking verbs were collected using specially designed elicitation tasks.Results: The children with language impairment were able to construct both types of complement clauses, had access to a range of verbs that are utilized within these constructions, and had knowledge of the grammatical constraints imposed by these verbs. However, they were more restricted in their production of sentential complements and produced significantly fewer semantically accurate complements (both finite and nonfinite) than the children with typical language development.Conclusion: Children with language impairment evidenced deviant rather than merely delayed development in the area of complement-clause production. Complex sentences such as complement clauses need to be targeted in language intervention programs.
Lightweight Social Computing Tools for Undergraduate Research Community Building
Creators: name: Chacko, Noel
name: Nguyen, Hannah Vy
name: Chen, Sophie
name: MacNeil, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many barriers exist when new members join a research community, including impostor syndrome. These barriers can be especially challenging for undergraduate students who are new to research. In our work, we explore how the use of social computing tools in the form of spontaneous online social networks (SOSNs) can be used in small research communities to improve sense of belonging, peripheral awareness, and feelings of togetherness within an existing CS research community. Inspired by SOSNs such as BeReal, we integrated a Wizard-of-Oz photo sharing bot into a computing research lab to foster community building among members. Through a small sample of lab members (N = 17) over the course of 2 weeks, we observed an increase in participants' sense of togetherness based on pre- and post-study surveys. Our surveys and semi-structured interviews revealed that this approach has the potential to increase awareness of peers' personal lives, increase feelings of community, and reduce feelings of disconnectedness.
description: 2 pages, 2 figures, Proceedings of the 56th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education V. 2 (SIGCSE TS 2025)
Tunable spin-splitting and spin-resolved ballistic transport in GaAs/AlGaAs two-dimensional hole gas
Creators: name: Lu, Jian Ping
name: Yau, Jeng-Bang
name: Shukla, S.
name: Shayegan, M.
name: Wissinger, L.
name: Rössler, Ulrich
name: Winkler, R.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We report quantitative experimental and theoretical results revealing the tunability of spin splitting in high-mobility two-dimensional GaAs hole systems, confined to either a square or a triangular quantum well, via the application of a surface-gate bias. The spin splitting depends on both the hole density and the symmetry of the confinement potential and is largest for the highest densities in asymmetric potentials. In the triangular well, when the spin splitting is sufficiently large, our measured commensurability oscillations, induced by a one-dimensional periodic potential, exhibit two frequencies providing clear evidence for spin-resolved ballistic transport.
Multi-Gaussian modes of diffusion in a quenched random medium
Creators: name: Simula, Tapio
name: Stenlund, Mikko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied a model of a random walk in a quenched random environment. In addition to featuring anomalous diffusion and localization, for special regimes of disorder parameters the particle density decomposes into multi-Gaussian structure while its cumulative distribution is normal. We explain the observed fine structure of the density and point out its significance to experiments.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Magnetotransport in rectangular antidot superlattices
Creators: name: Neudert, R.
name: Rotter, Peter
name: Rössler, Ulrich
name: Suhrke, Michael
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: Rectangular antidot superlattices with ratios of the lattice constants a$_{x}$:a$_{y}$ of 2:1 and 10:1 have been investigated by quantum transport calculations. All the features seen in a recent magnetotransport experiment could be reproduced. A strong anisotropy in the longitudinal magnetoresistances $\rho$$_{xx}$ and $\rho$$_{yy}$ is observed for small magnetic fields: commensurability peaks show up in $\rho$$_{xx}$ for current flow through the closely spaced antidots while for the perpendicular direction $\rho$$_{yy}$ is flat except for a maximum close to zero magnetic fields. At very low temperatures quantum oscillations out of phase with Shubnikov–de Haas oscillations appear superimposed to the dominant commensurability peak in $\rho$$_{xx}$. The calculations allow us to trace back the strongly anisotropic behavior of $\rho$$_{xx}$ and $\rho$$_{yy}$ to differences in the magnetic field dependence of band and scattering contributions to the conductivity which are intimately connected with the magnetic field dependent miniband structure. The quantum oscillations are periodic in B for a soft potential with large antidots and periodic in 1/B in the opposite case.
Turing patterns in network-organized activator-inhibitor systems
Creators: name: Nakao, Hiroya
name: Mikhailov, Alexander S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Turing instability in activator-inhibitor systems provides a paradigm of nonequilibrium pattern formation; it has been extensively investigated for biological and chemical processes. Turing pattern formation should furthermore be possible in network-organized systems, such as cellular networks in morphogenesis and ecological metapopulations with dispersal connections between habitats, but investigations have so far been restricted to regular lattices and small networks. Here we report the first systematic investigation of Turing patterns in large random networks, which reveals their striking difference from the known classical behavior. In such networks, Turing instability leads to spontaneous differentiation of the network nodes into activator-rich and activator-low groups, but ordered periodic structures never develop. Only a subset of nodes having close degrees (numbers of links) undergoes differentiation, with its characteristic degree obeying a simple general law. Strong nonlinear restructuring process leads to multiple coexisting states and hysteresis effects. The final stationary patterns can be well understood in the framework of the mean-field approximation for network dynamics.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures, original submitted version; Nature Physics (2010)
Probing the qudit depolarizing channel
Creators: name: Frey, Michael
name: Collins, David
name: Gerlach, Karl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the quantum depolarizing channel with any finite dimension, we compare three schemes for channel identification: unentangled probes, probes maximally entangled with an external ancilla, and maximally entangled probe pairs. This comparison includes cases where the ancilla is itself depolarizing and where the probe is circulated back through the channel before measurement. Compared on the basis of (quantum Fisher) information gained per channel use, we find broadly that entanglement with an ancilla dominates the other two schemes, but only if entanglement is cheap relative to the cost per channel use and only if the external ancilla is well shielded from depolarization. We arrive at these results by a relatively simple analytical means. A separate, more complicated analysis for partially entangled probes shows for the qudit depolarizing channel that any amount of probe entanglement is advantageous and that the greatest advantage comes with maximal entanglement.
Density dependent cyclotron and intersubband resonance in inverted CdTe/HgTe/CdTe quantum wells.
Creators: name: Schultz, M.
name: Merkt, U.
name: Sonntag, A.
name: Rössler, Ulrich
name: Colin, T.
name: Helgesen, P.
name: Skauli, T.
name: Lovold, S.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: HgTe; CdTe; Quantum well; Two-dimensional electron system; Cyclotron resonance; Intersubband resonance
subject: 530 Physik

description: Cyclotron and intersubband resonances in HgTe quantum wells in the inverted band regime are studied by Fourier-transform spectroscopy. Metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) allow us to tune the electron density. In particular, we investigate filling factor dependent splittings of the cyclotron resonance in strong magnetic fields and a crossing of Landau levels of the conduction and valence subband. The experimental results are well described by a 6 × 6 k·p-model.
Sentence Repetition Accuracy in DLI (Poll et al., 2016)
Creators: name: Poll, Gerard H.
name: A. Miller, Carol
name: van Hell, Janet G.
Publisher: name: ASHA journals
Year: 2022
Subjects: Language

description: Purpose: We asked whether sentence repetition accuracy could be explained by interactions of participant processing limitations with the structures of the sentences. We also tested a prediction of the procedural deficit hypothesis (Ullman & Pierpont, 2005) that adjuncts are more difficult than arguments for individuals with developmental language impairment (DLI).Method: Forty-four young adults participated, 21 with DLI. The sentence repetition task varied sentence length and the use of arguments and adjuncts. We also administered measures of working memory and processing speed. Our regression models focused on these interactions: group and argument status; processing speed, length, and argument status; and working memory capacity, length, and argument status.Results: Language ability group was a significant predictor of sentence repetition accuracy but did not interact with argument status. Processing speed interacted with sentence length and argument status. Working memory capacity and its separate interactions with argument status and sentence length predicted sentence repetition accuracy.Conclusions: Many adults with DLI may have difficulty with adjuncts as a result of their working memory limitations rather than their language ability. Cognitive limitations common to individuals with DLI are revealed more by particular sentence structures, suggesting ways to construct more diagnostically accurate sentence repetition tasks.
MUALLIFLIK HUQUQI: RAQAMLI TEXNOLOGIYALR ASRIDA YANGI TAHDID VA HIMOYA MEXANIZMLARI
Creators: name: Sharipova, Nilufar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Bugungi kunda raqamli texnologiyalar hayotimizning deyarli barcha sohalariga chuqur kirib bormoqda. Internet tarmog‘i, sun’iy intellekt, raqamli nashrlar va ijtimoiy tarmoqlar orqali axborot almashinuvi tezligi keskin oshdi. Bunday o‘zgarishlar ijodiy faoliyat mahsuli bo‘lgan asarlarning yaratilishi, tarqatilishi va iste'mol qilinishida ham tub burilishlarga olib keldi. Shu bilan birga, mualliflik huquqlarini buzish holatlari ham kengayib bormoqda — ayniqsa, kontentning ruxsatsiz ko‘chirilishi, noqonuniy tarqatilishi va plagiat holatlari buni yaqqol ko‘rsatadi. Mazkur maqolada raqamli texnologiyalar asrida yuzaga kelayotgan mualliflik huquqi bilan bog‘liq yangi tahdidlar tahlil qilinadi, shuningdek, ularni bartaraf etish uchun qo‘llanilayotgan zamonaviy himoya mexanizmlari o‘rganiladi.
From antidot to dot superlattices: Magnetoresistance anomalies
Creators: name: Rotter, Peter
name: Hennig, Ralf
name: Suhrke, Michael
name: Rössler, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Antidots; Negative magnetoresistance; Commensurability peaks
subject: 530 Physik

description: For low Fermi energies and large antidot diameters an antidot superlattice changes into a dot superlattice. A negative magnetoresistance (NMR) for low magnetic fields coexisting with a commensurability peak is observed in this transition regime. We reproduce these features for both classical and quantum-mechanical calculations in a model, which traces the NMR back to saddle points with varying heights between the antidots.
Is the metallicity of their hosts a good measure of the metallicity of Type Ia supernovae?
Creators: name: Bravo, Eduardo
name: Badenes, Carles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The efficient use of Type Ia supernovae (SNIa) for cosmological studies requires knowledge of any parameter that can affect their luminosity in either systematic or statistical ways. Observational samples of SNIa commonly use the metallicity of the host galaxy, Z_host, as an estimator of the supernova progenitor metallicity, Z_Ia, that is one of the primary factors affecting SNIa magnitude. Here, we present a theoretical study of the relationship between Z_Ia and Z_host. We follow the chemical evolution of homogeneous galaxy models together with the evolution of the supernova rates in order to evaluate the metallicity distribution function, MDF(Delta Z), i.e. the probability that the logarithm of the metallicity of a SNIa exploding now differs in less than Delta Z from that of its host. We analyse several model galaxies aimed to represent from active to passive galaxies, including dwarf galaxies prone to experience supernova driven outflows. We analyse the sensitivity of the MDF to uncertain ingredients: IMF, star-formation law, stellar lifetime, stellar yields, and SNIa delay-time distribution. There is a remarkable degree of agreement between the mean Z_Ia in a galaxy and its Z_host when they both are measured as the CNO abundance, especially if the DTD peaks at small time delays, while the average Fe abundance of host and SNIa may differ up to 0.4-0.6 dex in passive galaxies. The dispersion of Z_Ia in active galaxy models is quite small, meaning that Z_host is a quite good estimator of the supernova metallicity. Passive galaxies present a larger dispersion, which is more pronounced in low mass galaxies. We discuss the use of different metallicity indicators: Fe vs. O, and gas-phase metallicity vs. stellar metallicity. The results of the application of our formalism to a galactic catalogue (VESPA) are roughly consistent with our theoretical estimates. (abridged)
description: 15 pages, 10 figures, 1 table, accepted for MNRAS
Global band structure and near-band edge states
Creators: name: Wellenhofer, G.
name: Rössler, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: The global band structure from ab-initio calculations using DFT-LDA concepts is presented and discussed for 2H, 3C, 4H, 6H, and 15R SiC in view of the different stacking sequences and point lattices of these polytypes. Details of the conduction and valence band structure close to the band edges are described by using {\bf k·p} models and thermal density-of-states effective masses are calculated.
Interband magnetoabsorption in strained epitaxially grown ZnTe and ZnSe.
Creators: name: Lee, Soojoon
name: Michl, F.
name: Rössler, Ulrich
name: Dobrowolska, M.
name: Furdyna, J.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: Interband absorption in ultrathin epilayers of ZnTe and ZnSe has been measured in magnetic fields up to 6 T with photon energies below and above the fundamental gap. The spectra clearly show the evolution of the 1s and 2s exciton states and of the rich structure arising from the formation of Landau levels in the continuum. The observed spectral features are analyzed using the 8 x 8 {\bf k·p} model, which takes into account the residual strain introduced during sample preparation. From this analysis we extract highly accurate values for the energy gaps and the exciton binding energies. Effects of electron-hole correlation and resonant magnetopolaron coupling are also clearly detected in the continuum absorption. We discuss the dependence of these effects on Landau quantum number and the magnetic field by comparing the experimental transition energies with calculated ones.
Manifestation of commensurate orbits in the magnetoluminescence spectrum of electrons in antidot arrays
Creators: name: Kukushkin, I.
name: Weiss, Dieter
name: Lütjering, Gerd
name: Bergmann, R.
name: Klitzing, Klaus von
name: Eberl, K.
name: Rotter, Peter
name: Suhrke, Michael
name: Rössler, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Antidot arrays; Magnetoluminescence; Commensurability effects
subject: 530 Physik

description: We present a magnetooptical study of the energy spectrum of two-dimensional electrons subjected to a perpendicular magnetic field in the presence of a square lattice of antidots. We demonstrate that commensurability features in the luminescence intensity can be observed below the Fermi energy leading to a quadratic dependence of their spectral positions on the applied magnetic field. The possible origin of this novel effect will be discussed by comparing with model calculations.
Iterating the recursively Mahlo operations
Creators: name: Arai, Toshiyasu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03F35

description: In this paper we address a problem: How far can we iterate lower recursively Mahlo operations in higher reflecting universes? Or formally: How much can lower recursively Mahlo operations be iterated in set theories for higher reflecting universes? It turns out that in $Π_N$-reflecting universes the lowest recursively Mahlo operation can be iterated along towers of $Σ_1$-exponential orderings of height $N-3$, and that all we can do is such iterations. Namely the set theory for $Π_N$-reflecting universes is proof-theoretically reducible to iterations of the operation along such a tower.
The pool and the web : visuality and interface theory in the architecture of the Boston Institute of Contemporary Art
Creators: name: Cunningham, Esme
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Nearly two decades ago, Rosalind Krauss famously stated that the “industrialized museum” engendered a “technologized subject”—someone whose experience of the museum is intense, fragmented and spatial. Using this dictum as a starting point, this project looks at how the omnipresence of technology has affected the architecture of contemporary art museums, using the Boston Institute of Contemporary Art, designed by the architectural firm of Diller Scofidio + Renfro, as the focal case study. By investigating the critical framework the studio uses to inform their practice, and by contextualizing that practice through the lens of visuality and the scholarship of Alexander Galloway on interface theory, this thesis argues that the architecture of the Boston Institute of Contemporary Art acts a valve which regulates the viewer’s experience of the space by navigating between two competing models: the exterior, in which the envelope of the building acts as an interface between the world and the institution, and the interior, in which the mediatheque room at the ICA then become an internal interface to this exterior. Furthermore, this allows visitors to reconsider what can be classified as a “digital” space by showing that the virtual must be accessed through the real. While the architecture does attempt to navigate between these ideological roles, it becomes clear that the building struggles with its potential slide into a totalizing system. The high degree of controlled choreography needed to make the ICA's programme ideologically coherent further enmeshes ancillary services into the visitor experience, and the building then begins to be less of a critical lens and more of an entertainment complex. Ultimately, the goals of the building do not succeed because of the architecture’s permanence in the face of the speed of technological change; the building is embedded in the specific socio-technological dialogue of its time and as a result, cannot anticipate what changes the rapid development cycle of technology will bring.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Grammatical Measures (Guo & Schneider, 2016)
Creators: name: Guo, Ling-Yu
name: Schneider, Phyllis
Publisher: name: ASHA journals
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Language
subject: 200408 Linguistic Structures (incl. Grammar, Phonology, Lexicon, Semantics)
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: Purpose: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of the finite verb morphology composite (FVMC), number of errors per C-unit (Errors/CU), and percent grammatical C-units (PGCUs) in differentiating school-aged children with language impairment (LI) and those with typical language development (TL).Method: Participants were 61 six-year-olds (50 TL, 11 LI) and 67 eight-year-olds (50 TL, 17 LI). Narrative samples were collected using a story-generation format. FVMC, Errors/CU, and PGCUs were computed from the samples.Results: All of the three measures showed acceptable to good diagnostic accuracy at age 6, but only PGCUs showed acceptable diagnostic accuracy at age 8 when sensitivity, specificity, and likelihood ratios were considered.Conclusion: FVMC, Errors/CU, and PGCUs can all be used in combination with other tools to identify school-aged children with LI. However, FVMC and Errors/CU may be an appropriate diagnostic tool up to age 6. PGCUs, in contrast, may be a sensitive tool for identifying children with LI at least up to age 8 years.
Flat meromorphic connections of Frobenius manifolds with tt*-structure
Creators: name: Lin, Jiezhu
name: Sabbah, Claude
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The base space of a semi-universal unfolding of a hypersurface singularity carries a rich geometric structure, which was axiomatized as a CDV-structure by C. Hertling. For any CDV-structure on a Frobenius manifold M, the pull-back of the (1,0)-tangent bundle of M to the product of M by the complex line carries two natural holomorphic structures equipped with flat meromorphic connections. We show that, for any semi-simple CDV-structure, there is a formal isomorphism between these two bundles compatible with connections. Moreover, if we assume that the super-symmetric index Q vanishes, we give a necessary and sufficient condition for such a formal isomorphism to be convergent, and we make it explicit for dim M = 2.
Winter site use by Afro-Palearctic migrants in Ghana: site persistence and densities of Willow Warbler, Pied Flycatcher, Melodious Warbler and Common Redstart
Creators: name: Thorup, Kasper
name: Sørensen, Iben Hove
name: Willemoes, Mikkel
name: Lerche-Jørgensen, Mathilde
name: Fjeldså, Jon
name: Tøttrup, Anders P
name: Jacobsen, Erik Mandrup
name: Reeve, Andrew H
name: Oteng-Appau, Robert
name: Asamoah, Augustus
name: Lehmberg, Thomas
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Little is known about the variation within and among species of long-distance migrants in behavioural strategies and habitat choice on their non-breeding grounds. We report results from regular ringing operations carried out during the winter seasons 2009–2013 and transect counts in 2013, 2015 and 2016 in the Sudan Savanna Zone in Ghana. The best supported capture–mark–recapture model included species-specific probabilities of stay between within-season periods but no differences in resighting probability among species or sites. This model indicated that less than one-third of the Willow Warblers Phylloscopus trochilus and half of the Melodious Warblers Hippolais polyglotta stayed at wintering sites during more than 10 d, whereas for Pied Flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca and Common Redstart Phoenicurus phoenicurus up to 90% stayed for more than 10 d, indicating itinerant wintering behaviour in the warblers and longer non-breeding residency in Pied Flycatcher and Common Redstart. Densities varied among years, but Pied Flycatchers were consistently most numerous in well-matured woodland habitat and Willow Warblers in disturbed habitat. Recaptures among years were too low for meaningful estimates of winter site fidelity, yet recurrence was recorded in three species. We speculate that habitat use is directly related to degree of territory defence and itinerancy.
Coordinated NIR/mm observations of flare emission from Sagittarius A*
Creators: name: Kunneriath, D.
name: Witzel, G.
name: Eckart, A.
name: Zamaninasab, M.
name: übel, R. Gieß
name: Schödel, R.
name: Baganoff, F. K.
name: Morris, M. R.
name: Dovčiak, M.
name: Duschl, W. J.
name: García-Marín, M.
name: Karas, V.
name: König, S.
name: Krichbaum, T. P.
name: Krips, M.
name: Lu, R. -S.
name: Mauerhan, J.
name: Moultaka, J.
name: Mužić, K.
name: Sabha, N.
name: Najarro, F.
name: Pott, J. -U.
name: Schuster, K. F.
name: Sjouwerman, L. O.
name: Straubmeier, C.
name: Thum, C.
name: Vogel, S. N.
name: Teuben, P.
name: Weiss, A.
name: Wiesemeyer, H.
name: Zensus, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a successful, simultaneous observation and modelling of the millimeter (mm) to near-infrared (NIR) flare emission of the Sgr A* counterpart associated with the supermassive black hole at the Galactic centre (GC). We present a mm/sub-mm light curve of Sgr A* with one of the highest quality continuous time coverages and study and model the physical processes giving rise to the variable emission of Sgr A*.
description: 14 pages, 16 figures
Building a model for scoring 20 or more runs in a baseball game
Creators: name: Huber, Michael R.
name: Sturdivant, Rodney X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: How often can we expect a Major League Baseball team to score at least 20 runs in a single game? Considered a rare event in baseball, the outcome of scoring at least 20 runs in a game has occurred 224 times during regular season games since 1901 in the American and National Leagues. Each outcome is modeled as a Poisson process; the time of occurrence of one of these events does not affect the next future occurrence. Using various distributions, probabilities of events are generated, goodness-of-fit tests are conducted, and predictions of future events are offered. The statistical package R is employed for analysis.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/09-AOAS301 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Charged Particle-like Branes in ABJM: A Summary
Creators: name: Gutierrez, Norberto
name: Lozano, Yolanda
name: Rodriguez-Gomez, Diego
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of adding lower dimensional brane charges to the 't Hooft monopole, di-baryon and baryon vertex configurations in AdS_4 x CP^3. We show that these configurations capture the background fluxes in a way that depends on the induced charges, requiring additional fundamental strings to cancel the worldvolume tadpoles. The dynamics reveal that the charges must lie inside some interval, a situation familiar from the baryon vertex in AdS_5 x S^5 with charges. For the baryon vertex and the di-baryon the number of fundamental strings must also lie inside an allowed interval. Some ideas about the existence of these bounds in relation to the stringy exclusion principle are given.
description: 6 pages. Contribution to the proceedings of the XVIth European Workshop on String Theory, Madrid, Spain, June 14-18 2010; based on a talk given by N. Gutierrez
Dynamical Critical Exponent for Two-Species Totally Asymmetric Diffusion on a Ring
Creators: name: Wehefritz-Kaufmann, Birgit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the two species totally asymmetric diffusion model using the Bethe ansatz. The Hamiltonian has $U_q(SU(3))$ symmetry. We derive the nested Bethe ansatz equations and obtain the dynamical critical exponent from the finite-size scaling properties of the eigenvalue with the smallest real part. The dynamical critical exponent is 3/2 which is the exponent corresponding to KPZ growth in the single species asymmetric diffusion model.
The Jet Power and Emission Line Correlations of Radio Loud Optically Selected Quasars
Creators: name: Punsly, Brian
name: Zhang, Shaohua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this Letter, the properties of the extended radio emission form SDSS DR7 quasars with $0.4$ 20 - 30 kpc). The frequency of quasars with FR II level extended radio emission is $\approx 2.3%$ and $>0.4%$ of quasars have FR I level extended radio emission. The lower limit simply reflects the flux density limit of the survey. The distribution of the long term time averaged jet powers of these quasars, $\bar{Q}$, has a broad peak $\sim 3\times 10^{44}$ ergs/sec that turns over below below $10^{44}$ ergs/sec and sources above $10^{45}$ ergs/sec are extremely rare. It is found that the correlation between the bolometric (total thermal) luminosity of the accretion flow, $L_{bol}$, and $\bar{Q}$ is not strong. The correlation of $\bar{Q}$ with narrow line luminosity is stronger than the correlation with broad line luminosity and the continuum luminosity. It is therefore concluded that previous interpretations of correlations of $\bar{Q}$ with narrow line strengths in radio galaxies as a direct correlation of jet power and accretion power have been overstated. It is explained why this interpretation mistakenly overlooks the sizeable fraction of sources with weak accretion luminosity and powerful jets discovered by Ogle et al (2006).
description: To appear in ApJ Letters
Impacts of a concentrated solar power trough facility on birds and other wildlife in South Africa
Creators: name: Jeal, Corey
name: Perold, Vonica
name: Ralston-Paton, Samantha
name: Ryan, Peter G
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This study assesses bird and wildlife mortality and changes in bird species communities at a 50 MW utility-scale concentrated solar power parabolic trough facility in South Africa. The facility was searched for evidence of large vertebrate mortalities over three months. Eight bird carcasses were recorded in the solar field, all of which probably died prior to the study period. Carcass persistence trials indicated that 94% of bird carcasses survived 24 h, 68% for 7 d, and 56% for 28 d, although persistence varied with carcass size. No large carcasses (>1 000 g) were removed entirely by scavengers after 28 d, whereas only 42% of medium-sized (100–1 000 g) and 17% of small (<100 g) carcasses remained after 28 d. Searchers detected 72% of bird carcasses, with large birds more likely to be detected than small birds. The extrapolated mortality rate for the facility was 3.9 birds y−1 (90% CI 0.0–14.9) or 0.1 bird fatalitites MW y−1 (90% CI 0.0–0.3). Birds were much more abundant (141.9 birds km−1) and species rich (51 species) in the surrounding rangeland than in the solar field (1.27 birds km−1; 22 species). Of the 24 bird carcasses found in the evaporation ponds, six likely drowned (four species). Three reptiles (one species) and 12 mammals (seven species), including sensitive species such as aardvark Orycteropus afer, also drowned in the evaporation ponds. This is the first study of its kind in South Africa and unexpectedly revealed that the evaporation ponds had a bigger impact on wildlife than anticipated.
Optical Measurement of the Phase-Breaking Length in Graphene
Creators: name: Beams, Ryan
name: Cançado, Luiz Gustavo
name: Novotny, Lukas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In mesoscopic physics, interference effects play a central role on the transport properties of conduction electrons, giving rise to exotic phenomena such as weak localization, Aharonov-Bohm effect, and universal conduction fluctuations. Mesoscopic objects have a size on the order of the {\em phase-breaking length} $L_ϕ$, the length conduction electrons travel while keeping phase coherence. In this letter, we use vibrational spectroscopy in combination with a novel optical defocusing method to measure $L_ϕ$ of photo-excited electrons in graphene which undergo inelastic scattering by optical phonons. We extract $L_ϕ$ from the spatial confinement of the defect-induced Raman D band near the edges of graphene. Temperature dependent measurements in the range of 1.55\,K to 300\,K yield $L_ϕ \propto 1/\sqrt{T}$, in agreement with previous magneto-transport measurements.
Cycling in three dimensions : developing road grade information for bicycle travel analysis
Creators: name: El Masri, Omar
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Road grade is a major factor influencing cyclist physiology and travel decisions. Research studying cycling and other non-motorized transportation modes often use coarse elevation data sources to obtain the necessary grade information. In addition, routing applications such as Google Maps, Strava and RideWithGPS append the GPS data collected with elevation data from the coarse elevation datasets which can be inaccurate and inadequate. The objective of this research is to determine the best methods of obtaining road grade information on a network scale for bicycle travel analysis and to understand the limitations of the coarse data sources. Multiple elevation data sources, high resolution and coarse, are collected for the city of Vancouver, BC Canada. Different road grade estimation algorithms are then applied to the data sources at eight locations in the city where ground truth elevation data were surveyed using a total station. Different cycling performance measures were used to compare the elevation and road grade estimates of the locations to identify the data sources that accurately represent the true ground elevation for cycling analysis. Finally, the elevated structures in the City of Vancouver are characterized to help infer grade information in the absence of high resolution data sources. Results show that elevation data collected from Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) are the most accurate for elevated and non-elevated roads with mean absolute error in the elevation not exceeding 0.6 meters. Additionally, road grades derived from LiDAR data sources were closest to measured grade data. In the absence of LiDAR, coarse data sources can provide adequate grade estimates for cycling analysis on non-elevated structures. However, on elevated structures, especially ones without a single dominant grade, coarse datasets can only provide estimates of total elevation change or mean grade. Overall, the results show that it is vital to understand the accuracy and limitations of elevation data sources used in analysis and modeling of active travel.
Generalized Hund's rule in the addition spectrum of a quantum dot
Creators: name: Steffens, Oliver
name: Rössler, Ulrich
name: Suhrke, Michael
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We report on ground-state calculations based on current-spin density-functional theory for circular parabolic quantum dots. Hund's first rule, well-known from atomic physics, applies not only at zero magnetic field; analogous rules, related to the level occupancy near the Fermi energy, determine the spin configuration of the ground state in finite magnetic field. Consequently, the addition spectrum of the quantum dot exhibits a specific non-monotonous dependence on magnetic field. We discuss our results with focus on recent experiments which may already contain indications of this new feature.
From Neutrino Factory to Muon Collider
Creators: name: Kaplan, Daniel M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After summarizing the important commonalities between neutrino factories and muon colliders, the key differences are discussed. These include a much larger needed cooling factor (~10^6 in six-dimensional emittance), a smaller number of muon bunches (perhaps only one of each charge), and acceleration to much higher energy, implying significantly different technical choices for some of the cooling and acceleration subsystems. The final storage rings are also quite different. Nevertheless, a neutrino factory could serve as a key stepping stone on the path to a muon collider.
description: 6 pages, 9 figures. To appear in Proc. NuFact10 Workshop, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India, Oct. 20-25, 2010
Impacts of a concentrated solar power trough facility on birds and other wildlife in South Africa
Creators: name: Jeal, Corey
name: Perold, Vonica
name: Ralston-Paton, Samantha
name: G Ryan, Peter
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This study assesses bird and wildlife mortality and changes in bird species communities at a 50 MW utility-scale concentrated solar power parabolic trough facility in South Africa. The facility was searched for evidence of large vertebrate mortalities over three months. Eight bird carcasses were recorded in the solar field, all of which probably died prior to the study period. Carcass persistence trials indicated that 94% of bird carcasses survived 24 h, 68% for 7 d, and 56% for 28 d, although persistence varied with carcass size. No large carcasses (>1 000 g) were removed entirely by scavengers after 28 d, whereas only 42% of medium-sized (100–1 000 g) and 17% of small (<100 g) carcasses remained after 28 d. Searchers detected 72% of bird carcasses, with large birds more likely to be detected than small birds. The extrapolated mortality rate for the facility was 3.9 birds y−1 (90% CI 0.0–14.9) or 0.1 bird fatalitites MW y−1 (90% CI 0.0–0.3). Birds were much more abundant (141.9 birds km−1) and species rich (51 species) in the surrounding rangeland than in the solar field (1.27 birds km−1; 22 species). Of the 24 bird carcasses found in the evaporation ponds, six likely drowned (four species). Three reptiles (one species) and 12 mammals (seven species), including sensitive species such as aardvark Orycteropus afer, also drowned in the evaporation ponds. This is the first study of its kind in South Africa and unexpectedly revealed that the evaporation ponds had a bigger impact on wildlife than anticipated.
Provably $Δ^0_2$ and weakly descending chains
Creators: name: Arai, Toshiyasu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03F30

description: In this note we show that a set is provably $Δ^0_2$ in the fragment $IΣ_n$ of arithmetic iff it is $IΣ_n$-provably in the class $D_α$ of $α$-r.e. sets in the Ershov hierarchy for an $α
Interfacial engineering and structural design of organic-inorganic interfaces for next-generation rechargeable batteries
Creators: name: Bae, Jiwoong
name: 0000-0003-0759-908X
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2020
Subjects: Interface
Solid-state batteries
Composite polymer electrolyte
Li-ion batteries
Multivalent-ion batteries

description: In recent decades, electronics, electric vehicles, and grid systems have evolved significantly but require more power and energy storage capacity for batteries as a power supplier. However, current battery technology has reached its physicochemical limit and cannot meet such demands from industry and society. Therefore, much effort has been devoted to developing next-generation rechargeable batteries, including lithium metal batteries, solid-state batteries, and multivalent-ion batteries. Nevertheless, they have not yet reached a practical level because of the severe issues in terms of cost, energy density, and reliability. Interfacial engineering and structural design of inorganic-organic interfaces could be a promising strategy to resolve the major issues of the next-generation rechargeable batteries, including solid-state electrolytes, metal anodes, and multivalent-ion batteries. The next-generation of batteries requires a thorough understanding of electrochemistry and the investigation of active materials and electrolytes. In particular, organic-inorganic interfaces such as electrodes/electrolytes, ceramics/polymers, or solids/liquids are the main research topics as they significantly impact the batteries' electrochemical performance. In this dissertation, detailed studies using electrochemical analysis, spectroscopy, and microscopy will be carried out to investigate the influence of interfacial modification on the electrochemical properties. The strategies involving hybrid interphase, artificial interphase layer, or manipulated electrolyte will be carried out to address current issues for future battery technology. It is believed that the engineering chemistry and structural design at the organic-inorganic interfaces help to build a high power/energy-dense and superior cyclable next-generation rechargeable battery.