cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Friendship intimacy, close friend drug use, and self-medication in adolescence
Creators: name: Hussong, Andrea M.
name: Shadur, Julia M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The current study examined between- and within-person processes related to friendship intimacy, close-friend substance use, negative affect, and self-medication. We tested between-person hypotheses that global negative affect, friendship intimacy, and close-friend drug use predict increased substance use, and the within-person hypothesis that friendship intimacy and close-friend substance use moderate the temporal relationship between daily negative affect and subsequent substance use (i.e., self-medication). Experience sampling methodology (ESM) was employed to capture daily variations in mood and substance use, and multilevel modeling techniques were used to parse between- versus within-person differences in risk for use. Findings supported between-person hypotheses that higher levels of negative affect and lower levels of friendship intimacy predicted greater substance use, and a consistent trend indicated that friendship intimacy and close-friend drug use interact to predict substance use more generally (though not for self-medication). Risk and protective mechanisms emerged from this interaction such that the effect of friendship intimacy on adolescent use depends on the degree of close-friend drug use. More specific reformulations of the risk processes involving friendships and self-medication among younger youth are indicated.
Does Science need Intersubjectivity? The Problem of Confirmation in Orthodox Interpretations of Quantum Mechanics
Creators: name: Adlam, Emily
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Any successful interpretation of quantum mechanics must explain how our empirical evidence allows us to come to know about quantum mechanics. In this article, we argue that this vital criterion is not met by the class of 'orthodox interpretations,' which includes QBism, neo-Copenhagen interpretations, and some versions of relational quantum mechanics. We demonstrate that intersubjectivity fails in radical ways in these approaches, and we explain why intersubjectivity matters for empirical confirmation. We take a detailed look at the way in which belief-updating might work in the kind of universe postulated by an orthodox interpretation, and argue that observers in such a universe are unable to escape their own perspective in order to learn about the structure of the set of perspectives that is supposed to make up reality according to these interpretations. We also argue that in some versions of these interpretations it is not even possible to use one's own relative frequencies for empirical confirmation. Ultimately we conclude that it cannot be rational to believe these sorts of interpretations unless they are supplemented with some observer-independent structure which underwrites intersubjective agreement in at least certain sorts of cases.
description: Edited based on reviewer comments
IGRF-RFE: A Hybrid Feature Selection Method for MLP-based Network Intrusion Detection on UNSW-NB15 Dataset
Creators: name: Yin, Yuhua
name: Jang-Jaccard, Julian
name: Xu, Wen
name: Singh, Amardeep
name: Zhu, Jinting
name: Sabrina, Fariza
name: Kwak, Jin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The effectiveness of machine learning models is significantly affected by the size of the dataset and the quality of features as redundant and irrelevant features can radically degrade the performance. This paper proposes IGRF-RFE: a hybrid feature selection method tasked for multi-class network anomalies using a Multilayer perceptron (MLP) network. IGRF-RFE can be considered as a feature reduction technique based on both the filter feature selection method and the wrapper feature selection method. In our proposed method, we use the filter feature selection method, which is the combination of Information Gain and Random Forest Importance, to reduce the feature subset search space. Then, we apply recursive feature elimination(RFE) as a wrapper feature selection method to further eliminate redundant features recursively on the reduced feature subsets. Our experimental results obtained based on the UNSW-NB15 dataset confirm that our proposed method can improve the accuracy of anomaly detection while reducing the feature dimension. The results show that the feature dimension is reduced from 42 to 23 while the multi-classification accuracy of MLP is improved from 82.25% to 84.24%.
description: 26 pages
(400444) Elizabeth brown
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
On the temperature dependence of the absorption cross section for black holes in string theory
Creators: name: Moura, Filipe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the low frequency absorption cross section of spherically symmetric nonextremal d-dimensional black holes. In the presence of alpha' corrections, this quantity must have an explicit dependence on the Hawking temperature of the form 1/T_H. This property of the low frequency absorption cross section is shared by the D1-D5 system from type IIB superstring theory already at the classical level, without alpha' corrections. We apply our formula to the simplest example, the classical d-dimensional Reissner-Nordstrom solution, checking that the obtained formula for the cross section has a smooth extremal limit. We also apply it for a d-dimensional Tangherlini-like solution with alpha'^3 corrections.
description: 10 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1406.2012
Supplementary information from Strategies in times of crisis—insights into the benthic foraminiferal record of the Paleocene–Eocene thermal maximum
Creators: name: Schmidt, Daniela N.
name: Thomas, Ellen
name: Authier, Elisabeth
name: Saunders, David
name: Ridgwell, Andy
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 40308 Palaeontology (incl. Palynology)
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: The file contains additional figures, preservation data and measurements for all individuals
RL4ReAl: Reinforcement Learning for Register Allocation
Creators: name: VenkataKeerthy, S.
name: Jain, Siddharth
name: Kundu, Anilava
name: Aggarwal, Rohit
name: Cohen, Albert
name: Upadrasta, Ramakrishna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.2; I.2.5

description: We aim to automate decades of research and experience in register allocation, leveraging machine learning. We tackle this problem by embedding a multi-agent reinforcement learning algorithm within LLVM, training it with the state of the art techniques. We formalize the constraints that precisely define the problem for a given instruction-set architecture, while ensuring that the generated code preserves semantic correctness. We also develop a gRPC based framework providing a modular and efficient compiler interface for training and inference. Our approach is architecture independent: we show experimental results targeting Intel x86 and ARM AArch64. Our results match or out-perform the heavily tuned, production-grade register allocators of LLVM.
description: Published in CC'23
Air Pressure Responses to Sudden Vocal Tract Pressure Bleeds During Production of Stop Consonants: New Evidence of Aeromechanical Regulation
Creators: name: Zajac, David J.
name: Weissler, Mark C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: Two studies were conducted to evaluate short-latency vocal tract air pressure responses to sudden pressure bleeds during production of voiceless bilabial stop consonants. It was hypothesized that the occurrence of respiratory reflexes would be indicated by distinct patterns of responses as a function of bleed magnitude. In Study 1, 19 adults produced syllable trains of /pΛ/ using a mouthpiece coupled to a computer-controlled perturbator. The device randomly created bleed apertures that ranged from 0 to 40 mm2 during production of the 2nd or 4th syllable of an utterance. Although peak oral air pressure dropped in a linear manner across bleed apertures, it averaged 2 to 3 cm H2O at the largest bleed. While slope of oral pressure also decreased in a linear trend, duration of the oral pressure pulse remained relatively constant. The patterns suggest that respiratory reflexes, if present, have little effect on oral air pressure levels. In Study 2, both oral and subglottal air pressure responses were monitored in 2 adults while bleed apertures of 20 and 40 mm2 were randomly created. For 1 participant, peak oral air pressure dropped across bleed apertures, as in Study 1. Subglottal air pressure and slope, however, remained relatively stable. These patterns provide some support for the occurrence of respiratory reflexes to regulate subglottal air pressure. Overall, the studies indicate that the inherent physiologic processes of the respiratory system, which may involve reflexes, and passive aeromechanical resistance of the upper airway are capable of developing oral air pressure in the face of substantial pressure bleeds. Implications for understanding speech production and the characteristics of individuals with velopharyngeal dysfunction are discussed.
MPEC 2023-T238 : 2023 TH10
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 TH10

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
A reaction diffusion-like formalism for plastic neural networks reveals dissipative solitons at criticality
Creators: name: Grytskyy, Dmytro
name: Diesmann, Markus
name: Helias, Moritz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Self-organized structures in networks with spike-timing dependent plasticity (STDP) are likely to play a central role for information processing in the brain. In the present study we derive a reaction-diffusion-like formalism for plastic feed-forward networks of nonlinear rate neurons with a correlation sensitive learning rule inspired by and being qualitatively similar to STDP. After obtaining equations that describe the change of the spatial shape of the signal from layer to layer, we derive a criterion for the non-linearity necessary to obtain stable dynamics for arbitrary input. We classify the possible scenarios of signal evolution and find that close to the transition to the unstable regime meta-stable solutions appear. The form of these dissipative solitons is determined analytically and the evolution and interaction of several such coexistent objects is investigated.
Genetic Effects on Children’s Conversational Language Use
Creators: name: Channell, Ron W.
name: Deater-Deckard, Kirby
name: Campbell, Rebecca J.
name: Hart, Sara A.
name: Vandenbergh, David J.
name: Petrill, Stephen A.
name: Thompson, Lee Anne
name: DeThorne, Laura S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: The present study examined the extent of genetic and environmental influences on individual differences in children’s conversational language use.
(400445) Ada louise Francis
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Children's Perception of Speech Produced in a Two-Talker Background
Creators: name: Jacks, Adam
name: Leibold, Lori J.
name: Baker, Mallory
name: Taylor, Crystal
name: Buss, Emily
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: This study evaluated the degree to which children benefit from the acoustic modifications made by talkers when they produce speech in noise.
Thermal Transport Measurement Techniques for Nanowires and Nanotubes
Creators: name: Weathers, Annie
name: Shi, Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent advances in the synthesis of inorganic and organic nanowires and nanotubes have provided both components for various functional devices and platforms for the study of low- dimensional transport phenomena. However, tremendous challenges have remained not only for the integration of these building blocks into functional devices, but also in the characterization of the fundamental transport properties in these nanoscale model systems. In particular, thermal and thermoelectric transport measurements can be considerably more complicated than electron transport measurements, especially for individual nanostructures. During the past decade, a number of experimental methods for measuring the thermal and thermoelectric properties of individual nanowires and nanotubes have been devised to address these challenges, some of which are reviewed and analyzed in this chapter. Although the Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity can also be obtained from some of the measurement methods, this chapter is focused on measurement techniques of the thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of nanowires and nanotubes. It is suggested that the limitations in the current experimental capability will provide abundant opportunities for innovative approaches to probing fundamental thermal and thermoelectric transport phenomena in individual nanostructures.
High mobile phone ownership, but low Internet and email usage among pregnant, HIV-infected women attending antenatal care in Johannesburg
Creators: name: Schwartz, Sheree R
name: Pettifor, Audrey E
name: Clouse, Kate
name: Bassett, Jean
name: Vermund, Sten H
name: Van Rie, Annelies
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: We investigated mobile phone usage amongst HIV-positive pregnant women attending antenatal services in a primary care clinic in Johannesburg (n=50). We conducted a semi-structured interview and asked them about their mobile phone, Internet and email use. The median age of the women was 28 years, 36% had moved one or more times in the past year, and most were employed or recently employed, albeit earning low wages. Nearly all women (94%) reported that they did not share their phone and 76% of the SIM cards were registered to the woman herself. The median time with the current phone was one year (range 1 month–6 years) and the median time with the current phone number was three years (range 1 month–13 years). Even though 42% of the participants were from outside South Africa, they all had mobile phone numbers local to South Africa. About one-third of respondents reported Internet use (30%) and about one-fifth reported using email (18%). Overall, 20% accessed the Internet and 10% accessed email on their mobile phone. Mobile phone interventions are feasible amongst HIV-positive pregnant women and may be useful in prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT). Email and Internet-based interventions may not yet be appropriate.
Use of Passive Diffusion Tubes to Monitor Air Pollutants
Creators: name: Nash, David G.
name: Leith, David
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Monitoring gas-phase pollutants is essential to understand exposure patterns and to establish a link between exposure and health. Measurement of the low concentrations found outdoors or in indoor living space normally requires large, expensive instruments that use electrical power. In this study colorimetric, passive diffusion tubes, normally used to monitor high concentrations of airborne contaminants in the workplace for sampling periods of a few hours1, were evaluated to measure much lower concentrations of the same pollutants for periods of up to one week. These tubes are small, inexpensive, and require no electrical power. Responses of diffusion tubes for CO, H2S, NO2, SO2, and benzene were studied. Low pollutant concentrations measured with passive diffusion tubes matched reasonably well with true concentrations for all pollutants except NO2. These results suggest that passive diffusion tubes can provide an inexpensive and unobtrusive yet effective method to monitor low pollutant concentrations. Passive diffusion tubes may be particularly useful in surveys where the spatial variability in concentrations is high and where the cost of traditional monitoring instruments is a concern.
Schloss Zellerreit bei Wasserburg am Inn um 1600 – vom Ministerialensitz zum Hofmarkschloss als Landsitz der Patrizierfamilie Kern
Creators: name: März, Magdalena
Publisher: name: Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege
Year: 2022

description: Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege, Bd. 57 Nr. 4 (2016): Burgen und Schlösser. Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege
ระบบตุลาการในกระบวนการยุติธรรมคณะสงฆ์ไทย
Creators: name: พระมหาสุชาติ ธมฺมกาโม
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยมหาจุฬาลงกรณราชวิทยาลัย วิทยาเขตนครสวรรค์
Year: 2022
Subjects: ระบบตุลาการ
กระบวนการยุติธรรม
คณะสงฆ์ไทย

description: The Journal of Research and Academics, 5, 5, 317-330
DeepTrack: Learning Discriminative Feature Representations Online for Robust Visual Tracking
Creators: name: Li, Hanxi
name: Li, Yi
name: Porikli, Fatih
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep neural networks, albeit their great success on feature learning in various computer vision tasks, are usually considered as impractical for online visual tracking because they require very long training time and a large number of training samples. In this work, we present an efficient and very robust tracking algorithm using a single Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for learning effective feature representations of the target object, in a purely online manner. Our contributions are multifold: First, we introduce a novel truncated structural loss function that maintains as many training samples as possible and reduces the risk of tracking error accumulation. Second, we enhance the ordinary Stochastic Gradient Descent approach in CNN training with a robust sample selection mechanism. The sampling mechanism randomly generates positive and negative samples from different temporal distributions, which are generated by taking the temporal relations and label noise into account. Finally, a lazy yet effective updating scheme is designed for CNN training. Equipped with this novel updating algorithm, the CNN model is robust to some long-existing difficulties in visual tracking such as occlusion or incorrect detections, without loss of the effective adaption for significant appearance changes. In the experiment, our CNN tracker outperforms all compared state-of-the-art methods on two recently proposed benchmarks which in total involve over 60 video sequences. The remarkable performance improvement over the existing trackers illustrates the superiority of the feature representations which are learned
description: 12 pages
Distributed-order time-fractional wave equations
Creators: name: Broucke, Frederik
name: Oparnica, Ljubica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 35R11, 74J05, Secondary: 35B65, 74D05, 28A25

description: Distributed-order time-fractional wave equations appear in the modeling of wave propagation in viscoelastic media. The material characteristics of the medium are modeled through constitutive functions or distributions in the distributed-order constitutive law. In this work we propose to take positive Radon measures for the constitutive "functions". First, we derive a thermodynamical restriction on the constitutive measures which is easy to check, and therefore suitable for applications. Then we prove that the setting with measures in combination with the derived thermodynamical restriction guarantee existence and uniqueness of solutions for the distributed-order fractional wave equation. We further discuss the support and regularity of the fundamental solution, and conclude with a discussion on wave velocities.
An improved semidefinite programming hierarchy for testing entanglement
Creators: name: Harrow, Aram W.
name: Natarajan, Anand
name: Wu, Xiaodi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a stronger version of the Doherty-Parrilo-Spedalieri (DPS) hierarchy of approximations for the set of separable states. Unlike DPS, our hierarchy converges exactly at a finite number of rounds for any fixed input dimension. This yields an algorithm for separability testing which is singly exponential in dimension and polylogarithmic in accuracy. Our analysis makes use of tools from algebraic geometry, but our algorithm is elementary and differs from DPS only by one simple additional collection of constraints.
description: 22 pages. v2: published version, adds numerical results. Matlab code available at https://github.com/isobovine/dpsplus/
The PartialSpoof Database and Countermeasures for the Detection of Short Fake Speech Segments Embedded in an Utterance
Creators: name: Zhang, Lin
name: Wang, Xin
name: Cooper, Erica
name: Evans, Nicholas
name: Yamagishi, Junichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Automatic speaker verification is susceptible to various manipulations and spoofing, such as text-to-speech synthesis, voice conversion, replay, tampering, adversarial attacks, and so on. We consider a new spoofing scenario called "Partial Spoof" (PS) in which synthesized or transformed speech segments are embedded into a bona fide utterance. While existing countermeasures (CMs) can detect fully spoofed utterances, there is a need for their adaptation or extension to the PS scenario. We propose various improvements to construct a significantly more accurate CM that can detect and locate short-generated spoofed speech segments at finer temporal resolutions. First, we introduce newly developed self-supervised pre-trained models as enhanced feature extractors. Second, we extend our PartialSpoof database by adding segment labels for various temporal resolutions. Since the short spoofed speech segments to be embedded by attackers are of variable length, six different temporal resolutions are considered, ranging from as short as 20 ms to as large as 640 ms. Third, we propose a new CM that enables the simultaneous use of the segment-level labels at different temporal resolutions as well as utterance-level labels to execute utterance- and segment-level detection at the same time. We also show that the proposed CM is capable of detecting spoofing at the utterance level with low error rates in the PS scenario as well as in a related logical access (LA) scenario. The equal error rates of utterance-level detection on the PartialSpoof database and ASVspoof 2019 LA database were 0.77 and 0.90%, respectively.
description: Published in IEEE/ACM Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing (DOI: 10.1109/TASLP.2022.3233236)
Postsynthetic Modifications of Iron-Carboxylate Nanoscale Metal−Organic Frameworks for Imaging and Drug Delivery
Creators: name: Taylor-Pashow, Kathryn M. L.
name: Tran, Sylvie
name: Xie, Zhigang
name: Della Rocca, Joseph
name: Lin, Wenbin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Fe(III)-carboxylate nanoscale metal-organic frameworks (NMOFs) with the MIL-101 structure were synthesized using a solvothermal technique with microwave heating. The ~200 nm particles were characterized using a variety of methods, including SEM, PXRD, nitrogen adsorption measurements, TGA, and EDX. By replacing a percentage of the bridging ligand (terephthalic acid) with 2-amino terephthalic acid, amine groups were incorporated into the framework to provide sites for covalent attachment of biologically relevant cargoes while still maintaining the MIL-101 structure. In proof-of-concept experiments, an optical contrast agent (a BODIPY dye) and an ethoxysuccinato-cisplatin anticancer prodrug were successfully incorporated into the Fe(III)-carboxylate NMOFs via post-synthetic modifications of the as-synthesized particles. These cargoes are released upon the degradation of the NMOF frameworks, and the rate of cargo release was controlled by coating the NMOF particles with a silica shell. Potential utility of the new NMOF-based nano-delivery vehicles for optical imaging and anticancer therapy were demonstrated in vitro using HT-29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells.
Supplementary Methods, Tables and Figures from Disruption of skin microbiota contributes to salamander disease.
Creators: name: Bletz, Molly C.
name: Kelly, Moira
name: Pinto, Joana Sabino
name: Bales, Emma
name: Praet, Sarah Van
name: Bert, Wim
name: Boyen, Filip
name: Vences, Miguel
name: Steinfartz, Sebastian
name: Pasmans, Frank
name: Martel, An
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This document contains all supplementary material associated with this paper
Optical Atomic Clock aboard an Earth-orbiting Space Station (OACESS): Enhancing searches for physics beyond the standard model in space
Creators: name: Schkolnik, Vladimir
name: Budker, Dmitry
name: Fartmann, Oliver
name: Flambaum, Victor
name: Hollberg, Leo
name: Kalaydzhyan, Tigran
name: Kolkowitz, Shimon
name: Krutzik, Markus
name: Ludlow, Andrew
name: Newbury, Nathan
name: Pyrlik, Christoph
name: Sinclair, Laura
name: Stadnik, Yevgeny
name: Tietje, Ingmari
name: Ye, Jun
name: Williams, Jason
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a concept for a high-precision optical atomic clock (OAC) operating on an Earth-orbiting space station. This pathfinder science mission will compare the space-based OAC with one or more ultra-stable terrestrial OACs to search for space-time-dependent signatures of dark scalar fields that manifest as anomalies in the relative frequencies of station-based and ground-based clocks. This opens the possibility of probing models of new physics that are inaccessible to purely ground-based OAC experiments where a dark scalar field may potentially be strongly screened near Earth's surface. This unique enhancement of sensitivity to potential dark matter candidates harnesses the potential of space-based OACs.
description: Submitted to Quantum Sci. Technol. special issue: Cold atom in space
สุขภาวะเชิงพุทธกับการพัฒนาความมั่นคงของมนุษย์
Creators: name: สมาน ศิริเจริญสุข
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยมหาจุฬาลงกรณราชวิทยาลัย วิทยาเขตนครสวรรค์
Year: 2022
Subjects: สุขภาวะ
สุขภาวะเชิงพุทธ
การพัฒนาความมั่นคงของมนุษย์

description: The Journal of Research and Academics, 5, 5, 331-341
บทวิจารณ์หนังสือ พาราณสี คือ อินเดียแท้
Creators: name: พระนพดล สุทฺธิธมฺโม (มูลทาดี)
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยมหาจุฬาลงกรณราชวิทยาลัย วิทยาเขตนครสวรรค์
Year: 2022
Subjects: พาราณสี
อินเดียแท้
พระมหาประมวล ฐานทตฺโต (บุลาลม)

description: The Journal of Research and Academics, 5, 5, 342-354
Quality of Life Analysis and Platform Selection Guidelines for Food Delivery Work in Mueang District, Chiang Mai Province
Creators: name: Kanthiya Thanhapachcharakul
Publisher: name: DR.KEN Institute of Academic Development and Promotion.
Year: 2023
Subjects: Quality of Life
Motivation Factor
Platform
Food Delivery

description: Interdisciplinary Academic and Research Journal, 3, 1, 501-516
The Scott conjecture for large Coulomb systems: a review
Creators: name: Frank, Rupert L.
name: Merz, Konstantin
name: Siedentop, Heinz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review some older and more recent results concerning the energy and particle distribution in ground states of heavy Coulomb systems. The reviewed results are asymptotic in nature: they describe properties of many-particle systems in the limit of a large number of particles. Particular emphasis is put on models that take relativistic kinematics into account. While non-relativistic models are typically rather well understood, this is generally not the case for relativistic ones and leads to a variety of open questions.
description: 62 pages
(400446) James Gall
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Asymmetric Synthesis of Diverse Glycolic Acid Scaffolds via Dynamic Kinetic Resolution of α-Keto Esters
Creators: name: Goodman, C. Guy
name: Johnson, Jeffrey S.
name: Corbett, Michael T.
name: Steward, Kimberly M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: The dynamic kinetic resolution of α-keto esters via asymmetric transfer hydrogenation has been developed as a technique for the highly stereoselective construction of structurally diverse β-substituted-α-hydroxy carboxylic acid derivatives. Through the development of a privileged m-terphenylsulfonamide for (arene)RuCl(monosulfonamide) complexes with a high affinity for selective α-keto ester reduction, excellent levels of chemo-, diastereo-, and enantiocontrol can be realized in the reduction of β-aryl- and β-chloro-α-keto esters.
ChemInform Abstract: Dynamic Kinetic Resolution of α-Keto Esters via Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation.
Creators: name: Johnson, Jeffrey S.
name: Steward, Kimberly M.
name: Gentry, Emily C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: The dynamic kinetic resolution of β-aryl α-keto esters has been accomplished using a newly designed (arene)RuCl(monosulfonamide) transfer hydrogenation catalyst. This dynamic process generates three contiguous stereocenters with remarkable diastereoselectivity through a reduction/lactonization sequence. The resulting enantioenriched, densely functionalized γ-butyrolactones are of high synthetic utility, as highlighted by several secondary derivatizations.
Direct Catalytic Anti-Markovnikov Hydroetherification of Alkenols
Creators: name: Nicewicz, David A.
name: Hamilton, David S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: A direct intramolecular anti-Markovnikov hydroetherification reaction of alkenols is described. By employing catalytic quantities of commercially-available 9-mesityl-10-methylacridinium perchlorate and 2-phenylmalononitrile as a redox-cycling source of a hydrogen atom, we report the anti-Markovnikov hydroetherification of alkenes with complete regioselectivity. In addition, we present results demonstrating that this novel catalytic system can be applied to the anti-Markovnikov hydrolactonization of alkenoic acids.
Modulating quantum evolution of moving-qubit by using classical driving
Creators: name: Wang, Qilin
name: Yang, Jianhe
name: Liu, Rongfang
name: Zou, Hong-Mei
name: Mortezapour, Ali
name: Long, Dan
name: Wang, Jia
name: Ma, Qianqian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we study quantum evolution of an open moving-qubit modulated by a classical driving field. We obtain the density operator of qubit at zero temperature and analyze its quantum evolution dynamics by using quantum speed limit time (QSLT) and a non-Markovianity measure introduced recently. The results show that both the non-Markovian environment and the classical driving can speed up the evolution process, this quantum speedup process is induced by the non-Markovianity and the critical points only depend on the qubit velocity. Moreover, the qubit motion will delay the evolution process, but this negative effect of the qubit velocity on the quantum speedup can be suppressed by the classical driving. Finally, we give the corresponding physical explanation by using the decoherence rates.
description: 10 pages, 12figures
Abundance analysis of the recurrent nova RS Ophiuchi (2006 outburst)
Creators: name: Das, Ramkrishna
name: Mondal, Anindita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of elemental abundances of ejecta of the recurrent nova RS Oph using published optical and near-infrared spectra during the 2006 outburst. We use the CLOUDY photoionization code to generate synthetic spectra by varying several parameters, the model generated spectra are then matched with the observed emission line spectra obtained at two epochs. We obtain the best fit model parameters through the $χ^{2}$ minimization technique. Our model results fit well with observed optical and near-infrared spectra. The best-fit model parameters are compatible with a hot white dwarf source with T$_{BB}$ of 5.5 - 5.8 $\times$ 10$^{5}$ K and roughly constant a luminosity of 6 - 8 $\times$ 10$^{36}$ ergs s$^{-1}$. From the analysis we find the following abundances (by number) of elements with respect to solar: He/H = 1.8 $\pm$ 0.1, N/H = 12.0 $\pm$ 1.0, O/H = 1.0 $\pm$ 0.4, Ne/H = 1.5 $\pm$ 0.1, Si/H = 0.4 $\pm$ 0.1, Fe/H = 3.2 $\pm$ 0.2, Ar/H = 5.1 $\pm$ 0.1, and Al/H = 1.0 $\pm$ 0.1, all other elements were set at the solar abundance. This shows the ejecta are significantly enhanced, relative to solar, in helium, nitrogen, neon, iron and argon. Using the obtained parameter values, we estimate an ejected mass in the range of 3.4 - 4.9 $\times$ 10$^{-6}$ M$_{\odot}$ which is consistent with observational results.
description: Accepted in New Astronomy
Teacher Morale Boosting Management in Educational Management during the COVID-19 Situation of School Administrators under the Office of Buriram Primary Education Service Area 2
Creators: name: Chatdanai Thiansiri
Publisher: name: DR.KEN Institute of Academic Development and Promotion
Year: 2023
Subjects: Management
Morale and Encouragement
COVID 19

description: Interdisciplinary Academic and Research Journal, 3, 1, 517-530
MPEC 2023-T239 : 2023 TJ10
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 TJ10

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Electron Tunneling Pathways and Role of Adenine in Repair of Cyclobutane Pyrimidine Dimer by DNA Photolyase
Creators: name: Zhong, Dongping
name: Li, Jiang
name: Wang, Lijuan
name: Sancar, Aziz
name: Tan, Chuang
name: Liu, Zheyun
name: Guo, Xunmin
name: Kao, Ya-Ting
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Electron tunneling pathways in enzymes are critical to their catalytic efficiency. Through electron tunneling, photolyase, a photoenzyme, splits UV-induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer into two normal bases. Here, we report our systematic characterization and analyses of photo-initiated three electron transfer processes and cyclobutane ring splitting by following the entire dynamical evolution during enzymatic repair with femtosecond resolution. We observed the complete dynamics of the reactants, all intermediates and final products, and determined their reaction time scales. Using (deoxy)uracil and thymine as dimer substrates, we unambiguously determined the electron tunneling pathways for the forward electron transfer to initiate repair and for the final electron return to restore the active cofactor and complete the catalytic photocycle. Significantly, we found that the adenine moiety of the unusual bent flavin cofactor is essential to mediating all electron-transfer dynamics through a super-exchange mechanism, leading to a delicate balance of time scales. The cyclobutane ring splitting takes tens of picoseconds while electron-transfer dynamics all occur on a longer time scale. The active-site structural integrity, unique electron tunneling pathways and the critical role of adenine assure the synergy of these elementary steps in this complex photorepair machinery to achieve maximum repair efficiency which is close to unity. Finally, we used the Marcus electron-transfer theory to evaluate all three electron transfer processes and thus obtained their reaction driving forces (free energies), reorganization energies, and electronic coupling constants, concluding the forward and futile back electron transfer in the normal region and that the final electron return of the catalytic cycle is in the inverted region.
Fingerprinting Noncanonical and Tertiary RNA Structures by Differential SHAPE Reactivity
Creators: name: Steen, Kady-Ann
name: Rice, Greggory M.
name: Weeks, Kevin M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Many RNA structures are comprised of simple secondary structure elements linked by a few, critical, tertiary interactions. SHAPE chemistry has made interrogation of RNA dynamics at single-nucleotide resolution straightforward. However, de novo identification of nucleotides involved in tertiary interactions remains a challenge. Here we show that nucleotides that form non-canonical or tertiary contacts are detected by comparing information obtained using two SHAPE reagents, N-methylisatoic anhydride (NMIA) and 1-methyl-6-nitroisatoic anhydride (1M6). Nucleotides that react preferentially with NMIA exhibit slow local nucleotide dynamics and preferentially adopt the less common C2′-endo ribose conformation. Experiments and first-principle calculations show 1M6 reacts preferentially with nucleotides in which one face of the nucleobase allows an unhindered stacking interaction with the reagent. Differential SHAPE reactivities were used to detect non-canonical and tertiary interactions in four RNAs with diverse structures and to identify pre-formed non-canonical interactions in partially folded RNAs. Differential SHAPE reactivity analysis will enable experimentally concise, large-scale identification of tertiary structure elements and ligand binding sites in complex RNAs and in diverse biological environments.
Mechanistic Analysis of Gold(I)-Catalyzed Intramolecular Allene Hydroalkoxylation Reveals an Off-Cycle Bis(gold) Vinyl Species and Reversible C–O Bond Formation
Creators: name: ience Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0346,rUnited States
name: Gagné, Michel R.
name: Weber, Dieter
name: Widenhoefer, Ross A.
name: Brown, Timothy J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Mechanistic investigation of gold(I)-catalyzed intramolecular allene hydroalkoxylation established a mechanism involving rapid and reversible C–O bond formation followed by turnover-limiting protodeauration from a mono(gold) vinyl complex. This on-cycle pathway competes with catalyst aggregation and formation of an off-cycle bis(gold) vinyl complex.
title: Stability of longitudinal bunch length feedback for heavy-ion synchrotrons
Creators: name: Lens, D.
name: Klingbeil, H.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 2024

description: In heavy-ion synchrotrons such as the SIS18 at Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research (GSI), coherent oscillations of the particle bunches are damped by rf feedback systems to increase the stability and to improve the beam quality. In the longitudinal direction, important modes are the coherent longitudinal dipole and quadrupole oscillation. In this paper we present a new and rigorous approach to analyze the longitudinal feedback to damp these modes. The results are applied to the rf feedback loop at GSI that damps the quadrupole mode. The stability analysis is compared with simulations and is in good agreement with results of a beam experiment. Finally, we summarize practical implications for the operation of the feedback system regarding performance and stability.
Simulating key properties of lithium-ion batteries with a fault-tolerant quantum computer
Creators: name: Delgado, Alain
name: Casares, Pablo A. M.
name: Reis, Roberto dos
name: Zini, Modjtaba Shokrian
name: Campos, Roberto
name: Cruz-Hernández, Norge
name: Voigt, Arne-Christian
name: Lowe, Angus
name: Jahangiri, Soran
name: Martin-Delgado, M. A.
name: Mueller, Jonathan E.
name: Arrazola, Juan Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is a pressing need to develop new rechargeable battery technologies that can offer higher energy storage, faster charging, and lower costs. Despite the success of existing methods for the simulation of battery materials, they can sometimes fall short of delivering accurate and reliable results. Quantum computing has been discussed as an avenue to overcome these issues, but only limited work has been done to outline how they may impact battery simulations. In this work, we provide a detailed answer to the following question: how can a quantum computer be used to simulate key properties of a lithium-ion battery? Based on recently-introduced first-quantization techniques, we lay out an end-to-end quantum algorithm for calculating equilibrium cell voltages, ionic mobility, and thermal stability. These can be obtained from ground-state energies of materials, which is the core calculation executed by the quantum computer using qubitization-based quantum phase estimation. The algorithm includes explicit methods for preparing approximate ground states of periodic materials in first quantization. We bring these insights together to perform the first estimation of the resources required to implement a quantum algorithm for simulating a realistic cathode material, dilithium iron silicate.
description: 31 pages, 14 figures
The Mechanisms of RNA SHAPE Chemistry
Creators: name: Dunkle, Jack A.
name: Cate, Jamie H. D.
name: Weeks, Kevin M.
name: McGinnis, Jennifer L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: The biological functions of RNA are ultimately governed by the local environment at each nucleotide. Selective 2′-hydroxyl acylation analyzed by primer extension (SHAPE) chemistry is a powerful approach for measuring nucleotide structure and dynamics in diverse biological environments. SHAPE reagents acylate the 2′-hydroxyl group at flexible nucleotides because unconstrained nucleotides preferentially sample rare conformations that enhance the nucleophilicity of the 2′-hydroxyl. The critical corollary is that some constrained nucleotides must be poised for efficient reaction at the 2′-hydroxyl group. To identify such nucleotides, we performed SHAPE on intact crystals of the E. coli ribosome, monitored the reactivity of 1490 nucleotides in 16S ribosomal RNA, and examined those nucleotides that were hyper-reactive towards SHAPE and had well-defined crystallographic conformations. Analysis of these conformations revealed that 2′-hydroxyl reactivity is broadly facilitated by general base catalysis involving multiple RNA functional groups and by two specific orientations of the bridging 3′-phosphate group. Nucleotide analog studies confirmed the contributions of these mechanisms to SHAPE reactivity. These results provide a strong mechanistic explanation for the relationship between SHAPE reactivity and local RNA dynamics and will facilitate interpretation of SHAPE information in the many technologies that make use of this chemistry.