cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dense gas formation and destruction in a simulated Perseus-like galaxy cluster with spin-driven black hole feedback
Creators: name: Beckmann, R. S.
name: Dubois, Y.
name: Guillard, P.
name: Salome, P.
name: Olivares, V.
name: Polles, F.
name: Cadiou, C.
name: Combes, F.
name: Hamer, S.
name: Lehnert, M. D.
name: Forets, G. Pineau des
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extended filamentary H$α$ emission nebulae are a striking feature of nearby galaxy clusters but the formation mechanism of the filaments, and the processes which shape their morphology remain unclear. We conduct an investigation into the formation, evolution and destruction of dense gas in the center of a simulated, Perseus-like, cluster under the influence of a spin-driven jet. We particularly study the role played by condensation of dense gas from the diffuse intracluster medium, and the impact of direct uplifting of existing dense gas by the jets, in determining the spatial distribution and kinematics of the dense gas. We present a hydrodynamical simulation of an idealised Perseus-like cluster using the adaptive mesh refinement code {\sc ramses}. Our simulation includes a supermassive black hole (SMBH) that self-consistently tracks its spin evolution via its local accretion, and in turn drives a large-scale jet whose direction is based on the black hole's spin evolution. We show that the formation and destruction of dense gas is closely linked to the SMBH's feedback cycle, and that its morphology is highly variable throughout the simulation. While extended filamentary structures readily condense from the hot intra-cluster medium, they are easily shattered into an overly clumpy distribution of gas during their interaction with the jet driven outflows. Condensation occurs predominantly onto infalling gas located 5 - 15 kpc from the center during quiescent phases of the central AGN, when the local ratio of the cooling time to free fall time falls below 20, i.e. when $t_{\rm cool}/t_{\rm ff} < 20$. We find evidence for both condensation and uplifting of dense gas, but caution that purely hydrodynamical simulations struggle to effectively regulate the cluster cooling cycle and produce overly clumpy distributions of dense gas morphologies, compared to observation.
description: 18 pages, 17 Figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
Stronger Neutrino Interactions at Extremely High Energies and the Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment
Creators: name: Barshay, Saul
name: Kreyerhoff, Georg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A specific model of parity-conserving lepton substructure is considered. We show that a positive-definite contribution to the muon $(g-2)/2$ at the possible level of about $4\times 10^{-9}$, can be related to a significant increase in the interaction cross section for cosmic-ray neutrinos with energies above about $10^{19}$ eV. The additional cross section at $\sim 10^{20}$ eV is calculated to be $\sim 10^{-29}$ cm$^2$, which is about 100 times the standard weak-interaction cross section. The model involves an extremely massive, neutral lepton, with $m_L\cong 2\times 10^6$ GeV fixed by the new contribution to $(g-2)/2$.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
The thermal-radiative wind in low mass X-ray binary H 1743-322: II. iron line predictions from Monte Carlo radiation transfer
Creators: name: Tomaru, Ryota
name: Done, Chris
name: Ohsuga, Ken
name: Odaka, Hirokazu
name: Takahashi, Tadayuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show the best current simulations of the absorption and emission features predicted from thermal-radiative winds produced from X-ray illumination of the outer accretion disc in binary systems. We use the density and velocity structure derived from a radiation hydrodynamic code as input to a Monte-Carlo radiation transport calculation. The initial conditions are matched to those of the black hole binary system H1743-322 in its soft, disc dominated state, where wind features are seen in Chandra grating data. Our simulation fits well to the observed line profile, showing that these physical wind models can be the origin of the absorption features seen, rather than requiring a magnetically driven wind. We show how the velocity structure is the key observable discriminator between magnetic and thermal winds. Magnetic winds are faster at smaller radii, whereas thermal winds transition to a static atmosphere at smaller radii. New data from XRISM (due for launch Jan 2022) will give an unprecedented view of the physics of the wind launch and acceleration processes, but the existence of static atmospheres in small disc systems already rules out magnetic winds which assume self-similar magnetic fields from the entire disc as the origin of the absorption features seen.
description: 8 gages, 12 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Positive Mass Theorem on Manifolds admitting Corners along a Hypersurface
Creators: name: Miao, Pengzi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 83C99 (Primary) 53Z05 (Secondary)

description: We study a class of non-smooth asymptotically flat manifolds on which metrics fails to be $C^1$ across a hypersurface $Σ$. We first give an approximation scheme to mollify the metric, then we prove that the Positive Mass Theorem still holds on these manifolds if a geometric boundary condition is satisfied by metrics separated by $Σ$.
description: 17 pages
WHAT'S WRONG WITH THE LAW OF UNIVERSAL GRAVITATION? What should this law actually look like?
Creators: name: Kosinov
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The evolution of the law of universal gravitation is shown from the verbal formula proposed by Newton in 1687 to the present day. The law discovered by Newton FN ∝ mM/r^2 was not the exact law of gravitation. Newton only indicated the proportional dependence of force on masses and did not attribute any numerical value to the gravitational force. In an unfinished form, Newton's law FN ∝ mM/r^2 existed for almost 200 years (!) until the constant G appeared in it. But even in its modern formulation, Newton's law F = GMm/r^2 gives only a part of the force of universal gravitation. Newton's law does not work at large distances. Newton's law is not applicable on the scale of the Universe. The formula for Newton's law shows the force of gravitational interaction of only two bodies out of all N bodies in the Universe. The formula for the law describes gravitation only to one local source of attraction and does not take into account that bodies simultaneously gravitate to all other bodies. For more than 300 years, it has not been possible to derive a formula for the law of gravitation that would describe the gravitation to all bodies in the Universe. An obstacle on this path is the unsolved problem of N-body gravitation. Here we present a solution to this problem.
Applying the matched-filter technique to the search for dark matter transients with networks of quantum sensors
Creators: name: Panelli, Guglielmo
name: Roberts, Benjamin M.
name: Derevianko, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There are several networks of precision quantum sensors in existence, including networks of atomic clocks, magnetometers, and gravitational wave detectors. These networks can be re-purposed for searches of exotic physics, such as direct dark matter searches. Here we explore a detection strategy for macroscopic dark matter objects with such networks using the matched-filter technique. Such "clumpy" dark matter objects would register as transients sweeping through the network at galactic velocities. As a specific example, we consider a network of atomic clocks aboard the Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites. We apply the matched-filter technique to simulated GPS atomic clock data and study its utility and performance. The analysis and the developed methodology have a wide applicability to other networks of quantum sensors.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures
WHAT'S WRONG WITH THE LAW OF UNIVERSAL GRAVITATION? What should this law actually look like?
Creators: name: Kosinov
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: The evolution of the law of universal gravitation is shown from the verbal formula proposed by Newton in 1687 to the present day. The law discovered by Newton FN ∝ mM/r^2 was not the exact law of gravitation. Newton only indicated the proportional dependence of force on masses and did not attribute any numerical value to the gravitational force. In an unfinished form, Newton's law FN ∝ mM/r^2 existed for almost 200 years (!) until the constant G appeared in it. But even in its modern formulation, Newton's law F = GMm/r^2 gives only a part of the force of universal gravitation. Newton's law does not work at large distances. Newton's law is not applicable on the scale of the Universe. The formula for Newton's law shows the force of gravitational interaction of only two bodies out of all N bodies in the Universe. The formula for the law describes gravitation only to one local source of attraction and does not take into account that bodies simultaneously gravitate to all other bodies. For more than 300 years, it has not been possible to derive a formula for the law of gravitation that would describe the gravitation to all bodies in the Universe. An obstacle on this path is the unsolved problem of N-body gravitation. Here we present a solution to this problem.
Additional file 6 of Beyond Drosophila: resolving the rapid radiation of schizophoran flies with phylotranscriptomics
Creators: name: Bayless, Keith M.
name: Trautwein, Michelle D.
name: Meusemann, Karen
name: Shin, Seunggwan
name: Petersen, Malte
name: Donath, Alexander
name: Podsiadlowski, Lars
name: Mayer, Christoph
name: Niehuis, Oliver
name: Peters, Ralph S.
name: Meier, Rudolf
name: Kutty, Sujatha Narayanan
name: Liu, Shanlin
name: Zhou, Xin
name: Misof, Bernhard
name: Yeates, David K.
name: Wiegmann, Brian M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: Additional file 6: Supplementary Figure S1–S13. Fig. S1. Maximum likelihood; amino acid sequences; 70 taxa; 3145 gene partitions. Table 1 – Analysis 1 Fig. S2. Maximum likelihood; amino acid sequences; 70 taxa; 1130 genes; 132 metapartitions. Table 1 –Analysis 2. Fig. S3. Maximum likelihood; amino acid sequences; 70 taxa; 1130 genes; 132 metapartitions; incorporating protein mixture model LG4X. Table 1 – Analysis 3. Fig. S4. Maximum likelihood; amino acid sequences; 70 taxa; 1130 genes; 132 metapartitions; LG4X model. Table 1 – Analysis 4. Fig. S5. Maximum likelihood; amino acid sequences; 70 taxa; 1061 genes; reduced to sites with > 80% coverage. Table 1 – Analysis 5. Fig. S6 Maximum likelihood; nucleotide sequences; 70 taxa; 3145 gene partitions. Table 1 – Analysis 7. Fig. S7. Maximum likelihood; nucleotide sequences; 70 taxa; 1130 genes; 736 partitions. Table 1 – Analysis 8. Fig. S8. MSC ASTRAL species tree; amino acid sequences; 600 gene partitions with highest information content; ML gene trees with bootstraps. Table 1 – Analysis 9. Fig. S9. MSC ASTRAL species tree; nucleotide sequences; 600 gene partitions with highest information content; ML gene trees with bootstraps. Table 1 – Analysis 10. Fig. S10. MSC ASTRAL species tree; amino acid sequences; 276 gene partitions > 600 aa in length; ML gene trees with bootstraps. Table 1 – Analysis 11. Fig. S11. MSC ASTRAL species tree; amino acid sequences; 1130 gene partitions. Table 1 – Analyses 12. Fig. S12. MSC ASTRAL species tree; nucleotide sequences; 1130 gene partitions. Table 1 – Analysis 13. Fig. S13. MSC ASTRAL species tree; nucleotide sequences; 600 gene partitions with highest information content. Table 1 – Analyses 14.
Consumers’ perceptions and tradeoffs between the safety and quality of artisan cheese
Creators: name: Waldman, Kurt
name: Waldman, Kurt
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Artisan cheese
subject: food safety
subject: consumer demand
subject: hedonic price analysis
subject: experimental auctions

description: This paper combines hedonic analysis of retail prices of artisan cheese with analysis of experimental auction data to answer two key research questions: how do artisan cheese consumers perceive tradeoffs between safety and quality? To what extent do they perceive pasteurization and aging to be food safety attributes? Experimental auctions using a Becker-DeGroot-Marschak (BDM) auction mechanism were conducted on computer tablets with consumers at farmers markets in Michigan, New York, and Vermont. Along with the auctions, participants were asked to evaluate the sensory characteristics of multiple varieties of cheese and respond to pre-auction questions about demographics and post-auction questions about risk preferences and food safety attitudes. Retail data was also used to examine the marginal value of pasteurization and age as it is currently distinguished in the marketplace. We find that pasteurization is a food safety attribute to only a small portion of consumers and age is not a safety attribute. There does appear to be a tradeoff between safety and quality and this tradeoff is driven largely by ideological differences among consumers. There is also evidence that artisan cheese consumers appear to engage in selective exposure to information about pasteurization.
Hybrid Inflation in Intersecting Brane Worlds
Creators: name: Blumenhagen, Ralph
name: Kors, Boris
name: Lust, Dieter
name: Ott, Tassilo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-supersymmetric brane world scenarios in string theory display perturbative instabilities that usually involve run-away potentials for scalar moduli fields. We investigate in the framework of intersecting brane worlds whether the leading order scalar potential for the closed string moduli allows to satisfy the slow-rolling conditions required for applications in inflationary cosmology. Adopting a particular choice of basis in field space and assuming mechanisms to stabilize some of the scalars, we find that slow-rolling conditions can be met very generically. In intersecting brane worlds inflation can end nearly instantaneously like in the hybrid inflation scenario due to the appearance of open string tachyons localized at the intersection of two branes, which signal a corresponding phase transition in the gauge theory via the condensation of a Higgs field.
description: 26 pages, 2 figures, harvmac; v2: reference added
Brolucizumab: First Approval
Creators: name: Markham, Anthony
Publisher: name: Adis Journals
Year: 2019
Subjects: Medicine

description: Compliance with Ethical Standards
Funding The preparation of this review was not supported by any external funding.
Conflict of interest  During the peer review process the manufacturer of the agent under review was offered an opportunity to comment on the article. Changes resulting from any comments received were made by the authors on the basis of scientific completeness and accuracy. Anthony Markham is a contracted employee of Adis International Ltd/Springer Nature, is responsible for the article content and declares no relevant conflicts of interest.
Additional information about this Adis Drug Review can be found here.

AbstractBrolucizumab (Beovu®) is a low molecular weight, single-chain antibody fragment vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor being developed by Novartis for the treatment of exudative (wet) age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic macular oedema and macular oedema secondary to retinal vein occlusion. Based primarily on the results of the phase III HAWK and HARRIER trials brolucizumab was recently approved in the US for the treatment of wet AMD. This article summarizes the milestones in the development of brolucizumab leading to this first approval.
Heavy Quark Photoproduction in Ultra-peripheral Heavy Ion Collisions
Creators: name: Klein, Spencer R.
name: Nystrand, Joakim
name: Vogt, Ramona
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heavy quarks are copiously produced in ultra-peripheral heavy ion collisions. In the strong electromagnetic fields, c c-bar and b b-bar are produced by photonuclear and two-photon interactions; hadroproduction can occur in grazing interactions. We present the total cross sections, quark transverse momentum and rapidity distributions, as well as the Q Q-bar invariant mass spectra from the three production channels. We consider AA and pA collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and Large Hadron Collider. We discuss techniques for separating the three processes and describe how the AA to pA production ratios might be measured accurately enough to study nuclear shadowing.
description: Minor changes to satisfy referees and typo fixes; 52 pages including 17 figures
Additional file 9 of Beyond Drosophila: resolving the rapid radiation of schizophoran flies with phylotranscriptomics
Creators: name: Bayless, Keith M.
name: Trautwein, Michelle D.
name: Meusemann, Karen
name: Shin, Seunggwan
name: Petersen, Malte
name: Donath, Alexander
name: Podsiadlowski, Lars
name: Mayer, Christoph
name: Niehuis, Oliver
name: Peters, Ralph S.
name: Meier, Rudolf
name: Kutty, Sujatha Narayanan
name: Liu, Shanlin
name: Zhou, Xin
name: Misof, Bernhard
name: Yeates, David K.
name: Wiegmann, Brian M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: Additional file 9: Supplementary Tables S6–7. Table S6. Groups of terminals used for Four-cluster Likelihood Mapping test of the relationships between lineages, including model organisms. Results in Fig. 2 and Table 3. Table S7. Groups of terminals used for Four-cluster Likelihood Mapping test of the relationships between Sphaeroceroidea and other major lineages. Results in Fig. 3 and Table 4.
Algebraic and Combinatorial Tools for State Complexity : Application to the Star-Xor Problem
Creators: name: Caron, Pascal
name: Court, Edwin Hamel-de le
name: Luque, Jean-Gabriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We investigate the state complexity of the star of symmetrical differences using modifiers and monsters. A monster is an automaton in which every function from states to states is represented by at least one letter. A modifier is a set of functions allowing one to transform a set of automata into one automaton. These recent theoretical concepts allow one to find easily the desired state complexity. We then exhibit a witness with a constant size alphabet.
description: In Proceedings GandALF 2019, arXiv:1909.05979
ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF THE LAW OF CATTLE AND BEEF TRACEABILITY IN MARKETING CHANNELS ON THE DOMESTIC HANWOO BEEF INDUSTRY
Creators: name: Jeon, Sanggon
name: Lee, Jungmin
name: Chai, Sanghyen
name: Lee, Hyungwoo
name: Jeon, Sanggon
name: Lee, Jungmin
name: Chai, Sanghyen
name: Lee, Hyungwoo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: traceability
subject: beef
subject: Hanwoo
subject: labelling

description: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the economic impacts of the Law of Cattle and Beef Traceability in marketing channels on the domestic Hanwoo beef industry. The Law of Cattle and Beef Traceability might affect the demand and supply of Hanwoo beef. After introducing the Law of Cattle and Beef Traceability into the marketing channels, the price of Hanwoo beef has increased a lot in the Korean beef market. Domestically produced Hanwoo beef has a price premium compared with the imported beef from foreign countries such as the U.S.A. or Australia. There had been an incentive for beef dealers in the domestic market to deceive the origin of the beef to capture the price premium. The Law of Cattle and Beef Traceability expanded into the marketing channel on June 22, 2009, which increased the demand for domestically produced Hanwoo beef. A simulation result shows that the increase of demand for Hanwoo beef would be 36.7 - 55.7 percent. The net impacts of the law are 38.7-57.8 percent increase in price and 16.4-21.7 percent increase in quantity.
Nonrelativistic Corners of ${\cal N} = 4$ Supersymmetric Yang--Mills Theory
Creators: name: Harmark, Troels
name: Wintergerst, Nico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that ${\cal N} = 4$ supersymmetric-Yang-Mills (SYM) theory on $\mathbb{R} \times S^3$ with gauge group $\text{SU}(N)$ is described in a near-BPS limit by a simple lower-dimensional nonrelativistic field theory with $\text{SU}(1,1) \times \text{U}(1)$ invariant interactions. In this limit, a single complex adjoint scalar field survives, and part of its interaction is obtained by exactly integrating out the gauge boson of the SYM theory. Taking into account normal ordering, the interactions match the one-loop dilatation operator of the $\text{SU}(1,1)$ sector, establishing the consistency of the limit at the quantum level. We discover a tantalizing field-theoretic structure, corresponding to a $(1+1)$-dimensional complex chiral boson on a circle coupled to a nondynamical gauge field, both in the adjoint representation of $\text{SU}(N)$. The successful construction of a lower-dimensional nonrelativistic field theory in the $\text{SU}(1,1)$ near-BPS limit provides a proof of concept for other BPS bounds. These are expected to lead to richer field theories in nonrelativistic corners of ${\cal N} = 4$ SYM that include fermions, gauge fields and supersymmetry and can provide a novel path towards understanding strongly coupled finite-$N$ dynamics of gauge theories.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure; v2: minor clarifications added, matches journal version
Why are Orbital Currents Central to High Tc Theory?
Creators: name: Lee, Patrick A.
name: Sha, Guobin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explain qualitatively why the staggered flux state plays a central role in the SU(2) formulation of the t-J model, which we use to model the pseudogap state in underdoped cuprates. This point of view is supported by studies of projected wavefunctions. In addition to staggered orbital current correlations, we present here for the first time results of correlations involving hole and spin chirality and show that the two are closely related. The staggered flux state allows us to construct cheap and fast vortices, which may hold the key to explaining the many anomalous properties of the normal state.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, be published in Solid State Communications as Proceedings of the Williamsburg HTSC Workshop, 2002
Three-qubit refrigerator with two-body interactions
Creators: name: Hewgill, Adam
name: González, J. Onam
name: Palao, José J.
name: Alonso, Daniel
name: Ferraro, Alessandro
name: De Chiara, Gabriele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a three-qubit setup for the implementation of a variety of quantum thermal machines where all heat fluxes and work production can be controlled. An important configuration that can be designed is that of an absorption refrigerator, extracting heat from the coldest reservoir without the need of external work supply. Remarkably, we achieve this regime by using only two-body interactions instead of the widely employed three-body interactions. This configuration could be more easily realised in current experimental setups. We model the open-system dynamics with both a global and a local master equation thermodynamic-consistent approach. Finally, we show how this model can be employed as a heat valve, in which by varying the local field of one of the two qubits allows one to control and amplify the heat current between the other qubits.
description: Close to published version
CP violation in B decays at the BaBar experiment
Creators: name: Clark, Philip J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The BaBar detector and SLAC PEP-II asymmetric e+e- collider tuned to the Y(4s) resonance has collected around 23M B0 anti-B0 pairs in year 2000. The total data sample for run 1 is 20.7fb-1, using this data we present the study of sin2beta, with samples of B0 --> J/Psi KOS, B0 --> psi(2S) K0S and B0 --> J/Psi KOL decays. The measured value is sin2beta 0.34+/-0.20 (stat) +/- 0.05 (syst),. In addition, we present preliminary measurements of charged and neutral B meson lifetimes and B0-anti B0 oscillation frequency.
description: 8 pages, 8 postscript figures, submitted to proceedings of the 24th Int. Workshop on Fundamental Problems in HEP and Field Theory, Protvino, Russia
Supersymmetric Soliton $σ$-models from Non-Lorentzian Field Theories
Creators: name: Mouland, Rishi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, a class of non-Lorentzian supersymmetric Lagrangian field theories was considered, in some cases describing M-theory brane configurations, but more generally found as fixed points of non-Lorentzian RG flows induced upon Lorentzian theories. In this paper, we demonstrate how the dynamics of such theories can be reduced to motion on the supersymmetric moduli space of BPS solitons of the parent theory. We focus first on the $\mathcal{N}=(1,1)$ $σ$-model in $(1+1)$-dimensions with potential, where we produce a supersymmetric extension to the standard geodesic approximation for slow kink motion. We then revisit the $(4+1)$-dimensional Yang-Mills-like theory with 24 supercharges describing a null compactification of M5-branes. We show that the theory reduces to a $σ$-model on instanton moduli space, extended by couplings to additional fields from the parent theory, and possessing (8+8) super(conformal) symmetries along with 8 further fermionic shift symmetries. We derive this model explicitly for the single $SU(2)$ instanton.
description: 21 pages, updated to match version appearing in JHEP (typos fixed, clarifications made)
Postmerger Gravitational-Wave Signatures of Phase Transitions in Binary Mergers
Creators: name: Weih, Lukas R.
name: Hanauske, Matthias
name: Rezzolla, Luciano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the first detection of gravitational waves from a binary system of neutron stars, GW170817, a new window was opened to study the properties of matter at and above nuclear-saturation density. Reaching densities a few times that of nuclear matter and temperatures up to $100\,\rm{MeV}$, such mergers also represent potential sites for a phase transition (PT) from confined hadronic matter to deconfined quark matter. While the lack of a postmerger signal in GW170817 has prevented us from assessing experimentally this scenario, two theoretical studies have explored the postmerger gravitational-wave signatures of PTs in mergers of binary systems of neutron stars. We here extend and complete the picture by presenting a novel signature of the occurrence of a PT. More specifically, using fully general-relativistic hydrodynamic simulations and employing a suitably constructed equation of state that includes a PT, we present the occurrence of a "delayed PT", i.e. a PT that develops only some time after the merger and produces a metastable object with a quark-matter core, i.e. a hypermassive hybrid star. Because in this scenario, the postmerger signal exhibits two distinct fundamental gravitational-wave frequencies -- before and after the PT -- the associated signature promises to be the strongest and cleanest among those considered so far, and one of the best signatures of the production of quark matter in the present Universe.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, includes supplemental material, matches version accepted to PRL
Interference fragmentation functions and spin asymmetries
Creators: name: Radici, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new class of fragmentation functions, arising from the interference of different hadron production channels, is analyzed. Their symmetry properties with respect to naive time-reversal transformations allow for the exploration of final-state interactions occurring during and after the hadronization. Their symmetry properties with respect to chiral transformations allow building spin asymmetries where the quark transversity distribution can be factorized out at leading twist. Explicit calculations will be shown for the interference fragmentation functions arising from final-state interactions of two pions detected in the same current jet for the case of semi-inclusive Deep-Inelastic Scattering (DIS).
description: 4 pages, 2 eps figures included, World Scientific style file included; to appear in proceedings of DIS2001, Bologna, Apr.27th - May 1st, 2001
Rumokoy et al 2019.pdf
Creators: name: Rumokoy, Laurentius
name: Adiani, Sri
name: Kaunang, Charles
name: Wisje Lusia Toar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 70204 Animal Nutrition
subject: FOS: Animal and dairy science

description: This article presents a brief study on a wisdom of using insects in animal livestock especially as animal feed to reduce
competition with human need. The aim of the study is to find out the recent situation of development conditions using
insects as animal feed in relation to human food supply. The method used is a comparative study using primary and
secondary data from various sources. The growth in the human population in many countries is relatively very fast,
which means an increasing in human food needs. This increase in needs is absolutely necessary, followed by efforts to
increase food production. On the other hand, the expected increasing in human population from 6.9 billion in mid-2011
to 9.3 billion in 2050 requires various breakthroughs in preparing sufficient food. The use of insects as animal feed is
not functioning only as an alternative feed but is an option that could contribute to decreasing competition of food need
in relation with human population numbers in the world that are raised in various parts of the world today. Livestock
business like this is not only oriented to business but on efforts to build and have insight into the environment. The
conclusion is that the development of good insect cultivation needs to be developed even with simple methods to be
applied in farms today by considering environmental management aspects
URBANIZATION, POPULATION PRESSURE AND AGRICULTURAL INTENSIFICATION: EVIDENCES FROM TAMIL NADU IN INDIA
Creators: name: Balasubramanian, R.
name: Choi, Seung-Churl
name: Balasubramanian, R.
name: Choi, Seung-Churl
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: urbanization
subject: rural economies
subject: population density
subject: road networks
subject: literacy rate
subject: irrigation
subject: intensity
subject: agricultural wage rate
subject: regression analysis

description: This paper analyzes the phenomenon that the transfer of agricultural land and water resources for urban use with adverse consequences to agricultural production has not been adequately addressed in the Indian context, through a case study of the state of Tamil Nadu which stands in the forefront of industrialization and urbanization. Results show that urbanization and land put to non-agricultural uses have strong negative impact on agricultural sector. Therefore, it is important to give priority for decentralized growth through rural industrialization, and public investment on road network should be increased not only to reduce the growth of urbanization but also to promote rural industrialization. The impact of industrialization especially around a few large cities is undesirable both from the point of view of balanced regional development and also from the viewpoint of the serious negative impacts of the growth of large urban centres on the neighbouring rural economies.
The impact of stress on a project manager's performance in Somalia.
Creators: name: Mohamed, Ali Mohamed
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Critical Evaluation
Project Manager
Performance
Performance due to Stress

description: ABSTRACT

Objective: this study focused on the Critical Evaluation of Project Manager Performance due to Stress in Somalia.

Background: According to Cartwright (1997) cited in Lim (2009), stress can be defined as the challenges that excite and keep us alert, without which life would become monotonous and meaningless for many people. On the other hand, stress also represents the conditions in which individuals face demands that they cannot meet, leading to breakdowns at various levels, both physically and psychologically.

Methods: the study design was used cross sectional study design to collect the data form study population, data collection tools were used questionnaire, sample procedure were non-probability sampling technique to selected study participants, after completed data collection, the data was entered SPPS version 20.0 to analysis study variable and data was presentation table and figures.

Results: The first specific objective regarding to the relationship project manager performance and stress found the following results the majority of the participants 131(65.5%) strongly agreed that expected to complete projects within unrealistic deadlines. While second objective regarding to Different types of task stressors among project managers shown the majority of the participants 130(66.0%) strongly agreed that Dealing with difficult team members creates stress for me, followed by the majority of the participants 126(63.0%) strongly agreed that Managing multiple projects simultaneously is a major stressor. Whereas third objective regarding to the sources of stress a raise from during the project Manager’s performance found the majority of the participants 133(66.5%) strongly agreed that The overall security situation in Somalia adds to my stress level

Conclusions: This study concluded as the result indicated based on the main specific objectives includes; Relationship between Performance and Stress The research might reveal a positive or negative correlation between stress and performance. High stress could lead to burnout and decreased performance, but some level of stress can also be motivating.

Recommendations: This will equip them to handle stress effectively and maintain optimal performance. Project managers wear many hats and constantly juggle deadlines, resources, and team dynamics. Organizations should implement realistic project timelines, ensure adequate resource allocation, and have clear change management processes to minimize scope creep. Project managers should provide regular feedback to their team members on both technical issues and personal matters.
Effects of Crop Commercial Orientation on Productivity of Smallholder Farmers in Drought-prone Areas of the Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia
Creators: name: Bekele, Adam
name: Belay, Kassa
name: Legesse, Belaineh
name: Lemma, Tesfaye
name: Bekele, Adam
name: Belay, Kassa
name: Legesse, Belaineh
name: Lemma, Tesfaye
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: smallholder
subject: commercial-orientation
subject: productivity
subject: market participation
subject: drought risk-prone areas

description: This paper examines the tradeoff between commercial orientation and crop productivity among smallholder farm households living in drought risk-prone areas of the central rift valley of Ethiopia. The study was built on the hypothesis that there is a one-way causation between commercial orientation and productivity. The relationship between commercial orientation and crop productivity is assessed in a censored simultaneous equation model framework. Results indicate that there is a unidirectional relationship with total factor productivity being influenced by the endogenous commercial orientation factor. The influence of commercial orientation is expounded with the addition of farm and non-farm characteristics. Thus, in priority order, number of non-oxen livestock, commercial orientation, agricultural credit and sex have been important factors positively influencing productivity whereas labor availability for farming, distance and off-farm wage labor employment have been working against increased productivity of the smallholder farm households. However, it was observed that with a shift from commercial orientation criteria to unrestricted level of market participation in crop sales, the type, magnitude and direction of determinant factors have increased emphasizing the seriousness of performance influencing factors along with market participation to the majority of the smallholder farmers. The findings suggest that programs targeted at improving market access have the potential to increase agricultural productivity.
MC generators in CHORUS
Creators: name: Tsukerman, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This note presents an overview of general-purpose and specific Monte-Carlo event generators used in the simulation of the CERN - CHORUS experiment, aiming to search for $ν_μ \to ν_τ$ oscillations and charm particle decays in an emulsion target.
description: 6 pages, LaTeX two-column format, 2 encapsulated postscript figures Proceedings of NuInt01 Workshop (KEK, Tsukuba, Japan, 13-16.12.2001)
A Quasi-Brittle damage model in the framework of Bond-based Peridynamics with Adaptive Dynamic Relaxation method
Creators: name: H. N. Yakin
name: N. Nikabdullah
name: M. R. M. Rejab
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Peridynamics (PD) is a new tool, based on the non-local theory for modelling fracture mechanics, where particles connected through physical interaction used to represent a domain. By using the PD theory, damage or crack in a material domain can be shown in much practical representation. This study compares between Prototype Microelastic Brittle (PMB) damage model and a new Quasi-Brittle (QBR) [4] damage model in the framework of the Bond-based Peridynamics (BBPD) in terms of the damage plot. An in-house code using Matlab was developed for BBPD with the inclusion of both damage models, and tested for a quasi-static problem with the implementation of Adaptive Dynamic Relaxation (ADR) method in the theory in order to get a faster steady state solutions [1]. This paper is the first attempt to include ADR method in the framework of BBPD for QBR damage model. A numerical problem with the absence of failure is analysed, and the displacement is compared with literature result that utilised Finite Element Method (FEM). The obtained numerical results are in good agreement with the result from FEM. The problem was extended by allowing the failure to happen for both of the damage models; PMB and QBR, to observe the damage patterns between these two damage models. PMB damage model produced damage value of roughly twice compared to the damage value from QBR damage model. It is found that the QBR damage model with ADR under quasi-static loading shows a more uniform damage pattern through the crack path compared to the PMB damage pattern.
Inflation and Intramarket Price Variability: Empirical Evidence from U.S. Food Products
Creators: name: Baek, Jungho
name: Baek, Jungho
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: food products
subject: inflation
subject: intermarket price variability
subject: intramarket price variability

description: The objective of this paper is to examine the response of relative price variability on U.S. food markets to food price inflation to identify whether such inflation influences the structure of relative prices between different food products. Results show that changes in food price inflation rate have a strong positive effect on the structure of relative prices across food products. In addition, the expected rate of inflation is found to be more important than the unexpected components as a determinant of relative price variability.
MPEC 2025-D02 : DAILY ORBIT UPDATE (2025 February 16)
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Virtual Photon Structure at HERA
Creators: name: Kcira, Dorian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements of the structure of the virtual photon in the transition region between quasi-real photons and those far from mass-shell have been made with the ZEUS detector at HERA, using an integrated luminosity of 38pb-1. Dijet final states are identified, and differential cross sections are presented in terms of xgo, an estimator of the fraction of the photon energy which takes part in the QCD subprocess. Comparison is made to theoretical predictions.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Higgs production at hadron colliders in (almost) NNLO QCD
Creators: name: Catani, S.
name: de Florian, D.
name: Grazzini, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the soft and virtual NNLO QCD corrections to Higgs production through gluon-gluon fusion at hadron colliders. We present numerical results obtained at the LHC and at the Tevatron Run II.
description: latex, 5 pages, presented at the XXXVIth Rencontres de Moriond, QCD and Hadronic interactions, Les Arc1800, France and at the 9th International Workshop on Deep Inelastic Scattering DIS2001, Bologna, Italy
Weak localization measurements of electronic scattering rates in Li-doped epitaxial graphene
Creators: name: Khademi, Ali
name: Kaasbjerg, Kristen
name: Dosanjh, Pinder
name: Stöhr, Alexander
name: Forti, Stiven
name: Starke, Ulrich
name: Folk, Joshua A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Early experiments on alkali-doped graphene demonstrated that the dopant adatoms modify the conductivity of graphene significantly, as extra carriers enhance conductivity while Coulomb scattering off the adatoms suppresses it. However, conductivity probes the overall scattering rate, so a dominant channel associated with long-range Coulomb scattering will mask weaker short-range channels. We present weak localization measurements of epitaxial graphene with lithium adatoms that separately quantify intra- and intervalley scattering rates, then compare the measurements to tight-binding calculations of expected rates for this system. The intravalley rate is strongly enhanced by Li deposition, consistent with Coulomb scattering off the Li adatoms. A simultaneous enhancement of intervalley scattering is partially explained by extra carriers in the graphene interacting with residual disorder. But differences between measured and calculated rates at high Li coverage may indicate adatom-induced modifications to the band structure that go beyond the applied model. Similar adatom-induced modifications of the graphene bands have recently been observed in ARPES, but a full theoretical understanding of these effects is still in development.
The Effects of Urban Development Pressure on Agricultural Land Price: Application of a Mixed GWR Model
Creators: name: Kang, Dong-Woo
name: Kim, Mi-Young
name: Cho, Deok-Ho
name: Lee, Seong-Woo
name: Kang, Dong-Woo
name: Kim, Mi-Young
name: Cho, Deok-Ho
name: Lee, Seong-Woo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: agricultural land price
subject: mixed GWR model
subject: spatial econometrics model
subject: urban development pressure

description: This study examines the effects of urban development pressure on agricultural land prices in Korea. It investigates the determinants of agricultural land prices, focusing particularly on urban planning variables on agricultural land use. Since agricultural land price is in general closely related to the spatial characteristics of an area, it adopts a mixed GWR (geographically weighted regression) model in order to identify local and global effects of independent variables on agricultural property values. Results of a mixed GWR model prove to be superior to those of a global model (OLS) and standard spatial econometrics models (SAR, SEM, SAC) in terms of model fits and stability of the parameters estimated. The model notes that spatial dependency and heterogeneity are particularly important in examining the variations of agricultural land price. The empirical results provide strong evidences that such factors as man-made and natural features are closely relevant in determining agricultural property values.
Primordial black holes from sound speed resonance in the inflaton-curvaton mixed scenario
Creators: name: Chen, Chao
name: Cai, Yi-Fu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study sound speed resonance (SSR) mechanism for primordial black hole (PBH) formation in an early universe scenario with inflaton and curvaton being mixed. In this scenario, the total primordial density perturbations can be contributed by the fluctuations from both the inflaton and curvaton fields, in which the inflaton fluctuations lead to the standard adiabatic perturbations, while the sound speed of the curvaton fluctuations are assumed to be oscillating during inflation. Due to the narrow resonance effect of SSR mechanism, we acquire the enhanced primordial density perturbations on small scales and it remains nearly scale-invariant on large scales, which is essential for PBH formation. Finally, we find that the PBHs with specific mass spectrum can be produced with a sufficient abundance for dark matter in the mixed scenario.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures