cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Rhopalaea crassa
Creators: name: Lambert, Gretchen
name: Lee, Serina Siew-Chen
name: Teo, Serena Lay-Ming
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Ascidiacea
Enterogona
Diazonidae
Rhopalaea
Rhopalaea crassa

description: Rhopalaea crassa (Herdman, 1880)
Figure 1B
#0150, one; #1191B, thorax only; #1226; #3786, three; #4617, one, 5.3 cm in length.
This species is always solitary, the thorax yellow, with the abdomen embedded in crevices or coral rubble and with only the thorax protruding in its thick opaque bright yellow tunic. Thus collected specimens are often broken off at the narrow neck between thorax and abdomen and only the thorax is collected.
Widely distributed in the tropical west Pacific including Indonesia, Hong Kong, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Japan, Mozambique, Papua New Guinea, Guam.
Detailed descriptions with illustrations: Monniot C. (1997b), Monniot F. & Monniot C. (2001), Lee et al. (2013). Other references: Van Name (1918), Millar (1975), Kott & Goodbody (1982), Kott (1990, part; 1992), Nishikawa (1991), Lambert (2003), Lee et al. (2016).
description: Published as part of Lambert, Gretchen, Lee, Serina Siew-Chen & Teo, Serena Lay-Ming, 2021, Ascidians collected during the 2013 Singapore Strait International Marine Biodiversity Workshop, pp. 1-38 in Zootaxa 4933 (1) on page 3, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4933.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4547842
Rhopalaea macrothorax Tokioka 1953
Creators: name: Lambert, Gretchen
name: Lee, Serina Siew-Chen
name: Teo, Serena Lay-Ming
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Ascidiacea
Enterogona
Diazonidae
Rhopalaea
Rhopalaea macrothorax

description: Rhopalaea macrothorax Tokioka, 1953 NEW RECORD
Figure 1 C–G
As with Rhopalaea crassa, zooids are always solitary. Six irregular oral and atrial lobes, each one subdivided into irregular sub-lobes. A distinctive dark blue line encircles the oral siphon and extends along the endostyle to the posterior end of the thorax (Fig. 1C) as described by Monniot F. & Monniot C. (2008). Dorsal tubercle with a single longitudinal slit. Four stigmata per mesh. The muscle pattern is quite variable between specimens, but usually at least one or two longitudinal muscles extend the entire length of the thorax. In the microscope under reflected light the major muscles look white (Fig. 1C) but not with transmitted light (Fig. 1D). There are a few horizontal muscle fibers crossing the anterior thorax; this region usually has a few shallow horizontal folds, probably as a result of contraction. Short dense fine horizontal fibers extend from the dorsal and ventral sides of the thorax almost the full length of the thorax (Fig. 1D). The sperm duct opens slightly anterior to the anus but with less of a curve than illustrated in Monniot F. & Monniot C. (2008). Gonad on dorsal side of intestinal loop (Fig. 1E).
#1160C, thorax 3.5 cm in length, total length including tunic 6.5 cm. Six pigment spots on oral siphon, 11 spots on atrial siphon. Oral tentacles 22, of two sizes plus a few very tiny ones, all at the base of a very short velum. About 150 rows of stigmata, the last 6–8 very small and narrow and extend posterior to the esophagus. About 44 longitudinal vessels anteriorly on the left, about 38 on the right side. Large amphipod 5.5 mm long, Leucothoe sp., plus 23 small juveniles, in branchial sac (Fig 1F, G).
#1173, single zooid, thorax 3.7 cm in length, total length 6.2 cm. About 130 rows of stigmata. One Leucothoe sp. amphipod in thorax, same species as specimen #1160C.
#4170, one specimen, 5.5 cm in length. One Leucothoe sp. amphipod in branchial sac.
#4620, three specimens, one with Leucothoe sp. amphipod in branchial sac.
#SD178, two specimens, one fixed in formalin the other in ethanol, sent to Gustav Paulay.
Distribution: Indonesia, India, Malaysia, Japan.
Detailed descriptions with figures: Tokioka (1953), Monniot F. & Monniot C. (2008), Mondal et al. (2017). Additional reference: Monniot F. & Monniot C. (2001).
description: Published as part of Lambert, Gretchen, Lee, Serina Siew-Chen & Teo, Serena Lay-Ming, 2021, Ascidians collected during the 2013 Singapore Strait International Marine Biodiversity Workshop, pp. 1-38 in Zootaxa 4933 (1) on page 3, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4933.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4547842
Didemnum psammatodes
Creators: name: Lambert, Gretchen
name: Lee, Serina Siew-Chen
name: Teo, Serena Lay-Ming
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Ascidiacea
Enterogona
Didemnidae
Didemnum
Didemnum psammatodes

description: Didemnum psammatodes (Sluiter, 1895) NEW RECORD
Figure 2A
#0151A; #1168b; #3850C, more spicules than usual; #IT65; #DR70; #IT88; #SD84, no sample taken; #IT94, Cyrene patch reef, not collected.
Distinguished by the brownish-grey color of the tunic due to the presence of dense fecal pellets. The spicules are small and sparse, restricted to a narrow region around the oral siphons (small white clumps in photo). They tend to dissolve easily in fixatives even though buffered.
Occurs in all tropical waters worldwide including China, Indonesia, Philippines, New Caledonia, Papua New Guinea, Fiji, Palau, Tonga, Guam, Red Sea, Persian Gulf, East & South Africa, Australia, Ifaluk, Japan, Hawaii, Guadeloupe, SE Brazil, Panama (Caribbean), French Guiana, Gulf of Mexico, Florida.
Detailed references with figures: Tokioka (1953 as D. fuscus, 1967 as D. dorotuba), Eldredge (1967), Monniot F. (1983), Kott (2001), Mohadassi et al. (2019).
Other references: Kott (1981, 1998), Goodbody (1984), Monniot C. & Monniot F. (1994), Monniot F. (1995), Rocha & Monniot (1995), Monniot F. & Monniot C. (1996, 2001), Monniot C. et al. (2001), Lambert (2003), Rocha et al. (2005), Monniot F. (2016).
description: Published as part of Lambert, Gretchen, Lee, Serina Siew-Chen & Teo, Serena Lay-Ming, 2021, Ascidians collected during the 2013 Singapore Strait International Marine Biodiversity Workshop, pp. 1-38 in Zootaxa 4933 (1) on page 5, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4933.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4547842
title: Planning for extreme wildfire
Creators: name: Forkink, Annet
name: Tang, Xuemei
name: Langer, Lisa
name: Grant, Andrea
name: Wegner, Simon
name: Avendano, Bryann
name: McCaffrey, Sarah
name: Lovereglio, Ruggiero
Publisher: name: GNS Science
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/03vaqfv64
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025

description: This brief offers an overview of the legislative and planning frameworks relevant to wildfire management in Aotearoa New Zealand to provide insights into how wildfire is managed and integrated into planning processes. It is written for a range
of disciplines involved in residential land development and construction, such as natural hazard risk managers, land-use planners and policy makers (auths)
Didemnidae Giard 1872
Creators: name: Lambert, Gretchen
name: Lee, Serina Siew-Chen
name: Teo, Serena Lay-Ming
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Ascidiacea
Enterogona
Didemnidae

description: Family Didemnidae Giard, 1872
Most of the didemnids remain unidentified and examined only externally, but every specimen collected is included in Supplement 1 with its identifying number.
description: Published as part of Lambert, Gretchen, Lee, Serina Siew-Chen & Teo, Serena Lay-Ming, 2021, Ascidians collected during the 2013 Singapore Strait International Marine Biodiversity Workshop, pp. 1-38 in Zootaxa 4933 (1) on page 5, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4933.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4547842
Diplosoma simile
Creators: name: Lambert, Gretchen
name: Lee, Serina Siew-Chen
name: Teo, Serena Lay-Ming
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Ascidiacea
Enterogona
Didemnidae
Diplosoma
Diplosoma simile

description: Diplosoma simile (Sluiter, 1909)
Figure 2C, D
As with many photosymbiotic didemnids, the colonies are often (though not always) small and occur as close clonal groupings due to repeated divisions (Fig. 2C). They are always very clean, never any overgrowth by other species, and nearly always are easily seen by the bright iridescent blue around and often between the siphons that contrasts with the green of the rest of the tunic due to the presence of Prochloron in the common cloacal canals. Tunic surface layer clear, with bladder cells. The colonies are always in shallow water and adhere strongly to the substrate due to numerous tunic extensions (Fig. 2D) as mentioned by Kott (1980).
No collection number, tidepool in front of lab on 5/19/2013; #1190, many tiny colonies; #2605, intertidal, on dead coral; #2645, intertidal on dead coral; #3816, intertidal, numerous small colonies.
Common throughout the tropical west Pacific: Indonesia, Philippines, Taiwan, Singapore, Fiji, Indian Ocean, Australia, Caroline Is., Palau, Guam, Hawaii, Eniwetok, Japan, New Caledonia. Recently discovered in Caribbean Panama (Hirose et al. 2012).
Detailed descriptions with figures: Kott (1980, 2001), Monniot C. & Monniot F. (1987), Monniot F. & Monniot C. (1996, 2001), Hirose & Nozawa (2010), Hirose et al. (2012), Su et al. (2013), Hirose & Hirose (2013), Hirose (2014), Hirose et al. (2014). Other references: Eldredge (1967 as D. virens), Kott (1981, 1982), Monniot F. (1994), Abbott et al. (1997), Lee et al. (2016).
description: Published as part of Lambert, Gretchen, Lee, Serina Siew-Chen & Teo, Serena Lay-Ming, 2021, Ascidians collected during the 2013 Singapore Strait International Marine Biodiversity Workshop, pp. 1-38 in Zootaxa 4933 (1) on page 5, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4933.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4547842
Lissoclinum punctatum Kott 1977
Creators: name: Lambert, Gretchen
name: Lee, Serina Siew-Chen
name: Teo, Serena Lay-Ming
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Ascidiacea
Enterogona
Didemnidae
Lissoclinum
Lissoclinum punctatum

description: Lissoclinum punctatum Kott, 1977
Figure 2E, F
#2629, colonies small, green, soft and slimy, with small globular spicules mostly in a dense white cluster around each zooid, as well described by Kott (1980, 2001), Monniot F. (1992) and Su et al. (2013). As with all Lissoclinum species there is a single testis and straight sperm duct. Zooids very contracted.
Distribution: Indonesia, Singapore. Fiji, Australia, Palau, New Caledonia.
Additional references: Kott (1981, 1982, 1998); Hirose et al. (2014), Lee et al. (2016).
description: Published as part of Lambert, Gretchen, Lee, Serina Siew-Chen & Teo, Serena Lay-Ming, 2021, Ascidians collected during the 2013 Singapore Strait International Marine Biodiversity Workshop, pp. 1-38 in Zootaxa 4933 (1) on page 6, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4933.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4547842
title: How a Sectoral System of Innovation Influences Access to Agricultural Finance
Creators: name: Chonya, Nyangu Samuel
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2024

description: Farmers face unmitigated challenges in accessing agricultural finance in Zambia and Africa at large. Academic and policy debates have attributed these challenges as impeding access to agricultural finance. However, there is more to these challenges. The present study reveals interlinking failures between sectoral lead organisations and intersectoral actors, which leads to asymmetric information and reduced risk mitigation. This limits farmers' access to agricultural finance which minimises innovations given limited enhancement of knowledge bases in the essential functions of risk mitigation, technical expertise, financing, and marketing.

This thesis examines the construct of the cotton and coffee sectors in Zambia by empirically developing two qualitative case studies to determine how well the structure and operation can influence farmers’ access to agricultural finance and the manner in which they can innovate, generate, and improve knowledge flow. The empirical research applied the principles of the sectoral system of innovation. An integrated theoretical framework was developed from the literature of financial intermediation, the sectoral system of innovation and macroeconomics of agriculture, to explore the objectives and farmers’ access to agricultural finance.

In-depth interviews and document analyses were included in the collection of data to examine access to agricultural finance in the sectors, which reveal the need for enforceable legal and regulatory frameworks. Given the inability of most farmers to successfully provide collateral and other satisfactory documentation to pass due diligence when obtaining finance, there is a need for lead organisations in the sectors to intermediate, facilitate and provide innovative financing to farmers alongside existing financing provisions.
Lissoclinum Verrill 1871
Creators: name: Lambert, Gretchen
name: Lee, Serina Siew-Chen
name: Teo, Serena Lay-Ming
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Ascidiacea
Enterogona
Didemnidae
Lissoclinum

description: Lissoclinum sp./spp.
All species in this genus have a straight sperm duct, spicules which vary in morphology between species, and a variable number of testes.
#1174, large colony with tetrahedral spicules; some zooids with small gonads not fully developed. Single testis. Oocytes in some zooids. Larvae present.
#2587, colony 2.4 cm in length; tunic clear. Large tetrahedral spicules up to 100+ um, fatter than in #3866, dense around zooids.
#2625, three colonies; orange zooids. Some black pigment in otherwise clear tunic. Largest colony 16 mm; zooids with single testis. Green cells in tunic aggregated around tetrahedral spicules but none in zooids. Spicules densest around oral siphons. Thoraxes strongly contracted. No larvae.
#3803, examined by Francoise Monniot. Zooids without gonads but with mature larvae. Spicules tetrahedral in shape. In stained preserved larvae, one bud visible on each side, three adhesive papillae in a line, six pairs of lateral ampullae except one larva had six ampullae on one side and seven on the other side.
#3812, small tan fleshy colony 2.3 cm in longest dimension. Spicules tetrahedral, more sparse than in other samples. Spicules not characteristic of L. verrilli (Van Name, 1902); more short center knobs present than in published descriptions of L. verrilli. With brooded unhatched tadpoles.
#3866, clear tunic with tetrahedral spicules 50–80 µm. No larvae, no testis.
description: Published as part of Lambert, Gretchen, Lee, Serina Siew-Chen & Teo, Serena Lay-Ming, 2021, Ascidians collected during the 2013 Singapore Strait International Marine Biodiversity Workshop, pp. 1-38 in Zootaxa 4933 (1) on page 6, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4933.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4547842
Diplosoma Macdonald 1859
Creators: name: Lambert, Gretchen
name: Lee, Serina Siew-Chen
name: Teo, Serena Lay-Ming
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Ascidiacea
Enterogona
Didemnidae
Diplosoma

description: Diplosoma sp./spp.
#1178, green, with photosymbionts; #1180, on red alga, colony 4.5 mm long, with white pigment granules; #1207, green; #1212, green, on dead coral, colony about 2 cm long; #1227, clear colony 7 cm across; #2619, black abdomens, on barnacles; #2654, tiny, bluish; #3816, blue and green, abundant; #3818, green, with clear border, on dead coral, pinkish granules in tunic and around thorax; #3826. green with many white pigment spots that disappear in formalin; #3871, green; #3873, translucent tiny colony; #3878, small green colony; #4616, colorless.
description: Published as part of Lambert, Gretchen, Lee, Serina Siew-Chen & Teo, Serena Lay-Ming, 2021, Ascidians collected during the 2013 Singapore Strait International Marine Biodiversity Workshop, pp. 1-38 in Zootaxa 4933 (1) on page 5, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4933.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4547842
Euherdmania digitata Millar 1963
Creators: name: Lambert, Gretchen
name: Lee, Serina Siew-Chen
name: Teo, Serena Lay-Ming
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Ascidiacea
Enterogona
Euherdmanniidae
Euherdmania
Euherdmania digitata

description: Euherdmania cf. digitata Millar, 1963 NEW RECORD
Figure 2B
As with all species in this genus, the zooids are separate, attached only by basal stolons. Siphons six-lobed, stomach plicated. U-shaped heart at posterior end of postabdomen.
#3869, very tiny immature colony. Zooids contracted and broken, no abdomens, gonads or larvae.
#4624, small transparent colony, pale yellowish zooids very contracted. Siphon lobes rounded, no additional serrations. Length of largest zooid in tunic up to 15 mm, out of tunic contracted, about 8 mm or less. Thorax with many fine longitudinal muscles. About 15 rows of stigmata. Stomach with about 8-10 longitudinal plications. Anus ends at posterior end of thorax. Gonads not well developed. A cluster of testes just behind the gut loop in the best zooid. No larvae.
Distribution: Fiji, Australia, Palau, Coral Sea, Tahiti, Ponape.
Detailed descriptions and illustrations: Millar (1963), Kott (1981, 1992), Monniot C. & Monniot F. (1987). Additional reference: Nishikawa (1984).
description: Published as part of Lambert, Gretchen, Lee, Serina Siew-Chen & Teo, Serena Lay-Ming, 2021, Ascidians collected during the 2013 Singapore Strait International Marine Biodiversity Workshop, pp. 1-38 in Zootaxa 4933 (1) on pages 6-7, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4933.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4547842
Programa Tempo Profundo: relato de experiência das ações de ensino e extensão em Geociências
Creators: name: ALVES, EVERTON
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 379999
subject: Other earth sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Este estudo relata as ações de ensino e extensão universitária em Geociências desenvolvidas por estudantes de graduação, pós-graduação e docentes no “Programa Tempo Profundo” (PTP) do Instituto de Geociências da Unicamp. O PTP é um projeto interdisciplinar de divulgação científica que visa difundir o conhecimento geocientífico e incentivar a cidadania ativa em relação ao meio ambiente. Apresentamos as principais ações do programa nos últimos anos, que perpassam diversas estratégias educativas e de divulgação científica, como: produção de cursos de extensão e materiais didáticos, participação de eventos e congressos, elaboração e oferecimento de oficinas e exposições, além da produção e veiculação de conteúdos científicos semanais nas mídias sociais. O projeto tem contribuído para divulgar as geociências e sua importância, e para a formação profissional dos alunos envolvidos, promovendo um maior engajamento, compreensão e pensamento crítico sobre a relação entre sociedade e meio ambiente, assim como o desenvolvimento de habilidades sociais.
Chitinolytic bacteria as an alternative in the control of fruit flies and fungi associated with Juglans regia L
Creators: name: Sosa, Ricardo Morales
name: Reyes, Lucia López
name: Montiel, Moisés G. Carcaño
name: Lara, Laura Morales
name: de la Rosa, Guadalupe Medina
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Juglans regia L. is vulnerable to pests and fungal diseases affecting its production. Biological control could diminish pest damage and reduce pesticide use. Thus, this research evaluated the impact of chitinolytic bacteria on the incidence of fungi and fruit flies associated with J. regia L. from San Nicolás de los Ranchos, Puebla, Mexico. Chitinolytic bacteria from genera Bacillus, Peribacillus, Pseudomonas, and Serratia were applied to J. regia L. plants, reducing the foliar damage caused by fungal infection and the number of fruit flies. Also, the size and dry mass of the fruits increased, demonstrating their potential for biological control.
Distaplia micropnoa
Creators: name: Lambert, Gretchen
name: Lee, Serina Siew-Chen
name: Teo, Serena Lay-Ming
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Ascidiacea
Enterogona
Holozoidae
Distaplia
Distaplia micropnoa

description: Distaplia micropnoa (Sluiter, 1909) NEW RECORD
Figure 3A
Colonies mushroom shaped, stalk white with red and yellow cap, color retained in buffered formalin. Zooids arranged in double longitudinal rows on the cap, cloacal openings only at top of colony. Large atrial languet paddle shaped. Stomach with longitudinal folds.
#4629, single colony 2 cm total height, 1.1 cm in width; #4649, small colony 1.1 cm across.
Distribution: Indonesia, Palau, Australia.
References with detailed descriptions and figures: Tokioka (1967), Monniot F. & Monniot C. (2001), Kott (2002a).
description: Published as part of Lambert, Gretchen, Lee, Serina Siew-Chen & Teo, Serena Lay-Ming, 2021, Ascidians collected during the 2013 Singapore Strait International Marine Biodiversity Workshop, pp. 1-38 in Zootaxa 4933 (1) on page 8, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4933.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4547842
Distaplia regina Kott 1990
Creators: name: Lambert, Gretchen
name: Lee, Serina Siew-Chen
name: Teo, Serena Lay-Ming
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Ascidiacea
Enterogona
Holozoidae
Distaplia
Distaplia regina

description: Distaplia regina Kott, 1990 NEW RECORD
Figure 3B, C
#3850A, a single large flat colony was the only specimen collected, 8 cm across in largest width, growing on an algal blade; tunic in life brownish purple fading to pale pink in formalin, as mentioned by Kott (1990). Zooids in systems more or less circular. The four rows of stigmata lack parastigmatic vessels. Zooid thorax with longitudinal muscles only. Stomach smooth, but under high magnification is very minutely areolated. Largest larva almost 2 mm long, with four tiny rows of stigmata (Fig. 3C), larva appears to have four adhesive papillae similar to one figured (but not commented on) by Monniot F. & Monniot C. (2001). In a slightly younger larva, only the typical three papillae are present, in a triangle.
Distribution: Australia, Palau.
References with detailed descriptions of the zooids: Kott (1990), Monniot F. & Monniot C. (1996, 2001).
description: Published as part of Lambert, Gretchen, Lee, Serina Siew-Chen & Teo, Serena Lay-Ming, 2021, Ascidians collected during the 2013 Singapore Strait International Marine Biodiversity Workshop, pp. 1-38 in Zootaxa 4933 (1) on page 8, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4933.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4547842
Eudistoma amplum
Creators: name: Lambert, Gretchen
name: Lee, Serina Siew-Chen
name: Teo, Serena Lay-Ming
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Ascidiacea
Enterogona
Polycitoridae
Eudistoma
Eudistoma amplum

description: Eudistoma amplum (Sluiter, 1909) NEW RECORD
Figure 3 D–G
#1161, colony 2.5 cm across the top, 1.2 cm thick. Light brown on outside, very green internally (Fig. 3F). Zooids about 8 mm in length (Fig. 3G).
#1203, colony pale pinkish tan, 47 mm long x 25 mm wide x 9 mm thick. Largest zooid slightly contracted, 11 mm long, with long atrial siphon.
#3787, large flat-topped tan cushion 5.1 x 4.2 cm in largest direction, about 1 cm thick, with green patches on the surface in life, similar to photo in Monniot F. (2010). Tunic completely densely embedded with sand grains and small rubble including coral fragments. Patches of clear tunic are still green after fixation. Internally there are clear green vesicles. Zooids contracted, about 6 mm long, some with larvae. Zooidal systems are more obscure than described in some monographs, perhaps due to contraction.
#3790, cushion 6 cm across in longest direction, up to 1 cm thick. Well defined systems of zooids (Fig. 3D, E). Smooth surface but internally tunic is full of sand and small coral debris and many spherical green globules.
#3791, two large flat-topped tan colonies, cushion-shaped. Circular zooid systems very obvious on the surface of most of the colony, though adjacent areas more obscure as in 3787 above. No green patches on surface or internally, so no clear green vesicles internally. Largest colony about 8 cm in largest dimension, smaller one about 4.5 cm. Longest zooid 6 mm.
#3860, small brown colony 1.2 cm thick x 1 cm wide. Columnar, top slightly concave. Not green, but with scattered dark reddish brown pigment granules in tunic in fixed specimen. Tunic transparent but opaque because of the granules.
#3868, brown smooth colony with short slender stalk. 3.5 cm wide x 2.4 cm tall. Tunic full of debris, fecal pellets, various granules but not green. Oval systems obvious. No larvae.
Distribution: widely distributed in the tropical west Pacific: Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Truk, Ponape, Majuro, Micronesia, Indonesia, Vietnam, Australia.
References with detailed descriptions and figures: Tokioka (1950), Millar (1975), Kott (1990), Monniot F. & Monniot C. (1996). Additional references: Tokioka (1967), Nishikawa (1984), Kott (2003), Monniot F. & Monniot C. (2001), Monniot F. (2010, figure with very brief description).
description: Published as part of Lambert, Gretchen, Lee, Serina Siew-Chen & Teo, Serena Lay-Ming, 2021, Ascidians collected during the 2013 Singapore Strait International Marine Biodiversity Workshop, pp. 1-38 in Zootaxa 4933 (1) on pages 8-10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4933.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4547842
Eudistoma laysani
Creators: name: Lambert, Gretchen
name: Lee, Serina Siew-Chen
name: Teo, Serena Lay-Ming
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Ascidiacea
Enterogona
Polycitoridae
Eudistoma
Eudistoma laysani

description: Eudistoma laysani (Sluiter, 1900) NEW RECORD
Figure 4 A–D
All colonies with a cluster of small bright pink upright heads in life. The collected samples agree with published descriptions except for the bright pink color of the living colonies; however, F. Monniot (pers. comm.) says the colonies can occur in various colors and color alone is not a defining character. Color pale and transparent in fixative but usually with numerous very small dark pigment spots. Siphons six lobed.
#2567, colony about 3 cm across. Thoraxes of zooids orange and short; esophagus very long. Length of zooids about 1 cm. Larva as in Tokioka (1967).
#2578, on small coral rubble. Some zooids with larvae.
#2612, very small colony, only two small heads. Zooids very contracted.
#3815, several colonies collected intertidally. Color in formalin is the brown/green as described by Tokioka (1967) and Monniot C. & Monniot F. (1987). Entire abdomen is embedded in the basal sandy part. Clump of up to about 19 testis follicles in curve of gut and on dorsal side of gut. Numerous longitudinal muscles extend to posterior end of zooids from siphons; circular muscles on thorax peter out at the base of the thorax. Stomach orange, poststomach colorless, anterior intestine orange. With larvae, most advanced have three adhesive papillae and four pairs of long lateral ampullae. Largest larva about 0.8 mm.
#4630C, one small colony.
Distribution: Vietnam, Palau, Philippines, New Caledonia, Australia, Indonesia, Fiji, Banda, Thailand, China, Hawaii.
References with detailed descriptions and figures: Tokioka (1967), Senawong (1972), Millar (1975), Monniot C. & Monniot F. (1987), Meenakshi (2002), Monniot F. (2009b), Kott (1990), Monniot F. & Monniot C. (1996, 2001). Additional references: Monniot F. (1988), Zheng (1995), Abbott et al. (1997).
description: Published as part of Lambert, Gretchen, Lee, Serina Siew-Chen & Teo, Serena Lay-Ming, 2021, Ascidians collected during the 2013 Singapore Strait International Marine Biodiversity Workshop, pp. 1-38 in Zootaxa 4933 (1) on page 10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4933.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4547842
Eudistoma laysani
Creators: name: Lambert, Gretchen
name: Lee, Serina Siew-Chen
name: Teo, Serena Lay-Ming
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Ascidiacea
Enterogona
Polycitoridae
Eudistoma
Eudistoma laysani

description: Eudistoma cf. laysani
#0174, base covered with sand grains. Two small heads, larger one 1.5 cm tall x 1.2 cm wide. Clear tunic in preserved specimen, zooids visible through tunic. Some with embryos but no mature larvae. Many fecal pellets in tunic as described by Senawong (1972) and Kott (1990) and also retained in intestine.
description: Published as part of Lambert, Gretchen, Lee, Serina Siew-Chen & Teo, Serena Lay-Ming, 2021, Ascidians collected during the 2013 Singapore Strait International Marine Biodiversity Workshop, pp. 1-38 in Zootaxa 4933 (1) on page 10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4933.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4547842
Eudistoma reginum Kott 1990
Creators: name: Lambert, Gretchen
name: Lee, Serina Siew-Chen
name: Teo, Serena Lay-Ming
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Ascidiacea
Enterogona
Polycitoridae
Eudistoma
Eudistoma reginum

description: Eudistoma reginum Kott, 1990 NEW RECORD
Figure 4E
Colonies are in the form of a thick round purple cushion, often several cm in diameter. Larvae as described by Kott (1990).
#3792, with larvae; #3880, cushion 2 cm in diameter; #4627.
Distribution: Micronesia, Palau, Guam, Indian Ocean, Indonesia, Australia.
References with detailed descriptions and color photos: Kott (1990), Monniot F. & Monniot C. (1996). Other references: Monniot F. & Monniot C. (2006, description matches but colonies blueish black), Lambert (2003).
description: Published as part of Lambert, Gretchen, Lee, Serina Siew-Chen & Teo, Serena Lay-Ming, 2021, Ascidians collected during the 2013 Singapore Strait International Marine Biodiversity Workshop, pp. 1-38 in Zootaxa 4933 (1) on page 10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4933.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4547842
Aplidiopsis Lahille 1890
Creators: name: Lambert, Gretchen
name: Lee, Serina Siew-Chen
name: Teo, Serena Lay-Ming
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Ascidiacea
Enterogona
Polyclinidae
Aplidiopsis

description: Aplidiopsis sp.
#4636, tan cushion, tunic light brown in fixative, translucent, pale yellowish zooids visible through tunic; zooids very contracted, not possible to count rows of stigmata. No branchial papillae (characteristic of Polyclinum spp.), stomach smooth, no larvae.
description: Published as part of Lambert, Gretchen, Lee, Serina Siew-Chen & Teo, Serena Lay-Ming, 2021, Ascidians collected during the 2013 Singapore Strait International Marine Biodiversity Workshop, pp. 1-38 in Zootaxa 4933 (1) on page 11, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4933.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4547842
Revisiting the multi-planetary system of the nearby star HD 20794: Confirmation of a low-mass planet in the habitable zone of a nearby G-dwarf
Creators: name: Nari, N.
name: Dumusque, X.
name: Hara, N. C.
name: Mascareño, A. Suárez
name: Cretignier, M.
name: Hernández, J. I. González
name: Stefanov, A. K.
name: Passegger, V. M.
name: Rebolo, R.
name: Pepe, F.
name: Santos, N. C.
name: Cristiani, S.
name: Faria, J. P.
name: Figueira, P.
name: Sozzetti, A.
name: Osorio, M. R. Zapatero
name: Adibekyan, V.
name: Alibert, Y.
name: Prieto, C. Allende
name: Bouchy, F.
name: Benatti, S.
name: Castro-González, A.
name: D'Odorico, V.
name: Damasso, M.
name: Delisle, J. B.
name: Di Marcantonio, P.
name: Ehrenreich, D.
name: Génova-Santos, R.
name: Hobson, M. J.
name: Lavie, B.
name: Lillo-Box, J.
name: Curto, G. Lo
name: Lovis, C.
name: Martins, C. J. A. P.
name: Mehner, A.
name: Micela, G.
name: Molaro, P.
name: Mordasini, C.
name: Nunes, N.
name: Palle, E.
name: Quanz, S. P.
name: Ségransan, D.
name: Silva, A. M.
name: Sousa, S. G.
name: Udry, S.
name: Unger, N.
name: Venturini, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Close-by Earth analogs and super-Earths are of primary importance because they will be preferential targets for the next generation of direct imaging instruments. Bright and close-by G-to-M type stars are preferential targets in radial velocity surveys to find Earth analogs. We present an analysis of the RV data of the star HD 20794, a target whose planetary system has been extensively debated in the literature. The broad time span of the observations makes it possible to find planets with signal semi-amplitudes below 1 m/s in the habitable zone. We monitored the system with ESPRESSO. We joined ESPRESSO data with the HARPS data, including archival data and new measurements from a recent program. We applied the post-processing pipeline YARARA to HARPS data to correct systematics, improve the quality of RV measurements, and mitigate the impact of stellar activity. Results. We confirm the presence of three planets, with periods of 18.3142 +/- 0.0022 d, 89.68 +/- 0.10 d, and 647.6 +/- 2.6 d, along with masses of 2.15 +/- 0.17 MEarth, 2.98 +/- 0.29 MEarth, and 5.82 +/- 0.57 MEarth respectively. For the outer planet, we find an eccentricity of 0.45 +/- 0.10, whereas the inner planets are compatible with circular orbits. The latter is likely to be a rocky planet in the habitable zone of HD 20794. From the analysis of activity indicators, we find evidence of a magnetic cycle with a period around 3000 d, along with evidence pointing to a rotation period around 39 d. We have determined the presence of a system of three planets orbiting the solar-type star HD 20794. This star is bright (V=4.34 mag) and close (d = 6.04 pc), and HD 20794 d resides in the stellar habitable zone, making this system a high-priority target for future atmospheric characterization with direct imaging facilities.
Aplidium grisiatum Kott 1998
Creators: name: Lambert, Gretchen
name: Lee, Serina Siew-Chen
name: Teo, Serena Lay-Ming
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Ascidiacea
Enterogona
Polyclinidae
Aplidium
Aplidium grisiatum

description: Aplidium cf. grisiatum Kott, 1998 NEW RECORD
Figure 4F
#3845, small brownish-gray colony, dimensions about 1 x 1.5 cm; two rounded small cormidia. Tunic transparent, though encrusted and embedded with sand, except uppermost layer with few or no sand grains. Dorsal tubercle a prominent bump. Atrial languet contracted but apparently without side branches and with a rounded tip. Preserved zooids are a pale pink, about 5.5 mm long, with about 16 rows of stigmata. About eight or nine longitudinal stomach ridges very regular and parallel, plus a few irregular, not extending full length of stomach. No larvae.
Distribution: Australia, Palau.
References: Kott (1992, 1998, 2002a), Monniot F. & Monniot C. (2001).
description: Published as part of Lambert, Gretchen, Lee, Serina Siew-Chen & Teo, Serena Lay-Ming, 2021, Ascidians collected during the 2013 Singapore Strait International Marine Biodiversity Workshop, pp. 1-38 in Zootaxa 4933 (1) on page 11, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4933.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4547842
Pseudodistoma fragile Tokioka 1958
Creators: name: Lambert, Gretchen
name: Lee, Serina Siew-Chen
name: Teo, Serena Lay-Ming
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Ascidiacea
Enterogona
Pseudodistomidae
Pseudodistoma
Pseudodistoma fragile

description: Pseudodistoma fragile Tokioka, 1958 NEW RECORD
Figure 4G, H
All colonies with transparent, soft, jelly-like tunic. All colonies damaged somewhat during collection and zooid arrangement disrupted, but zooids not in systems. Zooids with independent siphons, thorax short and abdomen long, thread-like. Siphons with six rounded lobes, stomach with two longitudinal furrows. No larvae.
#3788, three small colonies; #3811, one small colony; #3838, two colonies, larger one 4 cm across. Longest zooid 8 mm but all are somewhat contracted. In larger colony some semblance of loose systems present; #3864, one colony, some white pigment on siphons; #3874, one colony; #3879, one colony 1.8 cm in length; #4625, two colonies.
Distribution: New Caledonia, Philippines, Japan, Papua New Guinea, Mozambique, Vietnam.
References: Tokioka (1958), Monniot, F. (1987, 2010), Monniot F. & Monniot C. (2001).
description: Published as part of Lambert, Gretchen, Lee, Serina Siew-Chen & Teo, Serena Lay-Ming, 2021, Ascidians collected during the 2013 Singapore Strait International Marine Biodiversity Workshop, pp. 1-38 in Zootaxa 4933 (1) on page 13, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4933.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4547842
Aplidium Savigny 1816
Creators: name: Lambert, Gretchen
name: Lee, Serina Siew-Chen
name: Teo, Serena Lay-Ming
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Ascidiacea
Enterogona
Polyclinidae
Aplidium

description: Aplidium sp./spp.
#0154G, one small immature colony on Herdmania pallida (Heller, 1878). Living zooids with bright orange/red thorax, yellow stomach with many narrow folds. Stigmatal rows not counted.
#0161, four very small heads attached to branching brittle bryozoans. Largest heads about 8 mm across, with short stalk, total height of tallest 12 mm. Clear tunic, zooids small, only about 3mm in length, pinkish in formalin.Oral siphon with six lobes, atrial languet wide, rounded, apparently without lateral lobes. About eight rows of stigmata, one zooid, perhaps immature, with only six rows of stigmata. Stomach with numerous very narrow plications.
#1218, #1229, #2590, #2656, #3782, #3783, colonies all resemble one another and are tentatively hypothesized to be the same species but are small, all immature, about 13 mm across, white translucent in formalin but yellow in life with yellowish/orange zooids. Zooids only 2-3 mm long if contracted, otherwise about 5 mm in length. Oral siphon with six lobes, atrial languet tongue shaped, apparently without side lappets. About ten rows of stigmata, some zooids with fewer. Many longitudinal slender stomach folds (19+) not bifurcated or branching. With immature larvae in thorax of some zooids. #3782, zooids relaxed, 7 mm in length, very slender, no larvae; #3783, zooids contracted and about 4 mm in length with seven to nine stigmata rows, no larvae.
#2590, puffy tan colony on crab. Large mushroom shaped cap with small attachment stalk. Cap flattened, 4.3 cm across. Four long oral tentacles with 2-3 short ones between each long one. Atrial languet long, without side flanges or any toothing at the end. Most zooids with eight rows of stigmata; one with very short ninth row. About 23 stigmata per half row anteriorly. Stomach with many narrow parallel longitudinal rows of ridges; anus bilobed. No larvae.
#3842, two colonies, purple thick cushions, long zooids up to 11mm in length, mostly postabdomen. In one zooid, thorax 2 mm, abdomen 2.3 mm. Fourteen rows of stigmata, 10-13 folds of yellow stomach. Does not match any spp. in Monniot F. & Monniot C. (2001, 2006, 2008), Monniot F. (1987), or Kott (1992).
#3865, small, white, translucent; thorax with white pigment around oral siphon. Eight rows of stigmata, many narrow parallel stomach ridges. No larvae.
#4635, small whitish translucent colony 1.5 cm long with two heads, on a piece of shell, with grains of coarse sand attached to the underside. Zooids 2-3 mm long, atrial languet without side branches, eight rows of stigmata. Some white pigment granules on the mantle.
description: Published as part of Lambert, Gretchen, Lee, Serina Siew-Chen & Teo, Serena Lay-Ming, 2021, Ascidians collected during the 2013 Singapore Strait International Marine Biodiversity Workshop, pp. 1-38 in Zootaxa 4933 (1) on pages 11-13, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4933.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4547842
Ascidia gemmata Sluiter 1895
Creators: name: Lambert, Gretchen
name: Lee, Serina Siew-Chen
name: Teo, Serena Lay-Ming
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Ascidiacea
Enterogona
Ascidiidae
Ascidia
Ascidia gemmata

description: Ascidia gemmata Sluiter, 1895
Figure 5 C, D
Usually the siphons are red striped, with some additional red on both sides of endostyle and prebranchial area; color fades somewhat in formalin. Dense network of tunic blood vessels is usually visible exteriorly. In large older specimens the tunic becomes thick, cartilaginous, and yellowish except the red striped branchial siphon. The atrial siphon is usually in the posterior quarter of the body, sometimes almost at the posterior end of the body. There are numerous long dense filiform oral tentacles. The anterior rectum is usually swollen, narrowing to the anus. The antero-posteriorly flattened branchial papillae, shape of dorsal tubercle, number of stigmata per mesh and other characters all agree with published descriptions.
#0154D, one small, 2 cm long. About 50 oral tentacles. The prepharyngeal band is wide, the groove shallow with the tubercle, sparsely papillated, the papillae very tiny.
#1228B, large, 7.9 cm in length in the tunic, 7.2 cm long out of tunic. Oral siphon with eight lobes. Dorsal tubercle slightly elongated U with inrolled ends directed anteriorly. Dorsal ganglion at top of gut loop, 2 cm from the dorsal tubercle. A few large and numerous small unidentified amphipods in the branchial sac.
#2575, length 2.5 cm. With amphipods and a parasitic copepod. Oral siphon with ten lobes; rectum not distended. Also a small ascidiid, 7.5mm long out of tunic, attached by entire left side, the left side tunic very thin.
#4631, juvenile; body out of tunic 1.6 cm in length. Rectum only somewhat enlarged.
Widely distributed and common in the tropical west Pacific: Palau, Australia, New Caledonia, Indonesia, China, Singapore, Taiwan, Bali, Ponape, Majuro, Sea of Japan, Guam, Panama (Pacific side, a dubious identification by Bonnet et al. 2013).
Detailed references with figures: Tokioka (1950), Kott (1985), Monniot C. (1991a), Nishikawa (1991), Monniot F. & Monniot C. (2001, 2008), Lee et al. (2013). Other references: Nishikawa (1984, 1986), Zheng (1995), Sanamyan (1998, a questionable identification from the NW Pacific), Lambert (2003), Lee et al. (2016).
description: Published as part of Lambert, Gretchen, Lee, Serina Siew-Chen & Teo, Serena Lay-Ming, 2021, Ascidians collected during the 2013 Singapore Strait International Marine Biodiversity Workshop, pp. 1-38 in Zootaxa 4933 (1) on page 13, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4933.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4547842
Polyrhachis rugosus
Creators: name: Smith, F.
Publisher: name: British Museum
Year: 1858
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Polyrhachis
Polyrhachis rugosus

description: 58. Polyrhachis rugosus. B.M.
Worker. Length 5 1/2 lines.-Black: the abdomen densely clothed with pale golden silky pubescence. Head elongate and coarsely rugose; eyes very prominent, placed backwards on the sides of the head; the head much narrowed behind the eyes, before the eyes it is slightly widened to the angles of the anterior margin, which is rounded; the mandibles large and triangular, finely denticulate on their inner margin; antennae elongate and slender, the scape with a number of erect, long hairs. Thorax elongate, slender, and coarsely rugose; the prothorax narrowed anteriorly into a kind of neck, the mesothorax narrower than the pro- or metathorax, the latter elevated and furnished with two long, stout spines; legs elongate and having a number of erect, long hairs. Abdomen ovate; the node of the peduncle elongated, incrassate and slightly bent, widest at the base.
Hab. Brazil (Ega). (Coll. H. W. Bates.)
description: Published as part of Smith, F., 1858, Catalogue of the hymenopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part VI. Formicidae., London :British Museum on page 74
Odontomachus cheliferus
Creators: name: Smith, F.
Publisher: name: British Museum
Year: 1858
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Odontomachus
Odontomachus cheliferus

description: 2. Odontomachus cheliferus.
Formica chelifera, Latr. Hist. Nat. Fourm. 188 [[worker]]. pl. 8. f. 51.
Ponera chelifera, Latr. Gen. Crust, et Ins. iv. 128.
St. Farg. & Serv. Encycl. Meth. x. 184. 1.
Hab. South America.
We are acquainted with two species of this genus, O. affinis and O. maxillaris, both of which agree in every respect with Latreille's chelifera, with the exception of the sculpture of the abdomen. Latreille describes the abdomen as having the skin (or surface) very finely striated; we are acquainted with twelve species of the genus, none of which have the slightest trace of striation on the abdomen. Is it not possible that there is an error in the description of chelifera, and that either affinis or maxillaris are identical with it?
description: Published as part of Smith, F., 1858, Catalogue of the hymenopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part VI. Formicidae., London :British Museum on page 77
Phallusia arabica Savigny 1816
Creators: name: Lambert, Gretchen
name: Lee, Serina Siew-Chen
name: Teo, Serena Lay-Ming
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Ascidiacea
Enterogona
Ascidiidae
Phallusia
Phallusia arabica

description: Phallusia arabica Savigny, 1816
Figure 5 E–G
Thick translucent cartilaginous tunic on all specimens, very well supplied with a network of blood vessels. Dorsal lamina double anteriorly, smooth but toothed posteriorly beginning at the top of the gut loop. Accessory openings of neural duct close to and just anterior to and to the right (mostly) of the neural ganglion. Dorsal tubercle in an elongated V, flat but with several openings that are longitudinal slits. Prepharyngeal band not papillated or else very minutely so. Ganglion far from dorsal tubercle, at the base of the atrial siphon. Musculature a very fine network of longitudinal and diagonally horizontal fibers across the entire right side. Stomach horizontal, both ascending and descending limbs of intestine narrow but rectum enlarged before anus. Anus distinctly but irregularly lobed, about 15-20 rather large rounded lobes folded back.
For the non-expert, it may be difficult to distinguish the various species of Phallusia, and many have been misidentified as P. nigra Savigny, 1816. See Lee et al. (2013) for detailed description and comparison of P. arabica, P. nigra and P. philippinensis Millar, 1975.
#0176, three individuals; #1221, three specimens 3.3, 4, and 5.5 cm long (Fig. 5E).
#4648, juvenile 3.5 cm in length; body removed from tunic 2.9 cm long. Oral siphon with seven lobes, atrial siphon torn at tip. About 58 oral tentacles of various sizes. Smaller oral tentacles colorless, largest ones filled with yellowish corpuscles as described by Kott (1985). Branchial sac with four or five stigmata per mesh but not yet plicated, does not extend posteriorly beyond the stomach. No gonads.
Distribution: Indonesia, Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan, Vietnam, Madagascar.
Detailed descriptions with illustrations: Kott (1985), Monniot F. & Monniot C. (1996), Monniot C. (1997b), Monniot F. (2010), Lee et al. (2013). Additional reference: Lee et al. (2016).
description: Published as part of Lambert, Gretchen, Lee, Serina Siew-Chen & Teo, Serena Lay-Ming, 2021, Ascidians collected during the 2013 Singapore Strait International Marine Biodiversity Workshop, pp. 1-38 in Zootaxa 4933 (1) on page 14, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4933.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4547842