cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
New pixelized Micromegas detector with low discharge rate for the COMPASS experiment
Creators: name: Neyret, Damien
name: Abbon, Philippe
name: Anfreville, Marc
name: Bedfer, Yann
name: Burtin, Etienne
name: Coquelet, Christophe
name: d'Hose, Nicole
name: Desforge, Daniel
name: Giganon, Arnaud
name: Jourde, Didier
name: Kunne, Fabienne
name: Magnon, Alain
name: Makke, Nour
name: Marchand, Claude
name: Paul, Bernard
name: Platchkov, Stéphane
name: Thibaud, Florian
name: Usseglio, Michel
name: Vandenbroucke, Maxence
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New Micromegas (Micro-mesh gaseous detectors) are being developed in view of the future physics projects planned by the COMPASS collaboration at CERN. Several major upgrades compared to present detectors are being studied: detectors standing five times higher luminosity with hadron beams, detection of beam particles (flux up to a few hundred of kHz/mm^{2}, 10 times larger than for the present Micromegas detectors) with pixelized read-out in the central part, light and integrated electronics, and improved robustness. Two solutions of reduction of discharge impact have been studied, with Micromegas detectors using resistive layers and using an additional GEM foil. Performance of such detectors has also been measured. A large size prototypes with nominal active area and pixelized read-out has been produced and installed at COMPASS in 2010. In 2011 prototypes featuring an additional GEM foil, as well as an resistive prototype, are installed at COMPASS and preliminary results from those detectors presented very good performance. We present here the project and report on its status, in particular the performance of large size prototypes with an additional GEM foil.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, proceedings to the Micro-Pattern Gaseous Detectors conference (MPGD2011), 29-31 August 2011, Kobe, Japan
State Indicators for Early Childhood
Creators: name: Johnson, Kay
name: Davidson, Leslie L.
name: Theberge, Suzanne
name: Knitzer, Jane
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Children--Health and hygiene
Children--Services for--Government policy
Children--Services for--Evaluation

description: Virtually all State Early Childhood Comprehensive System Initiatives have adopted or identified indicators for monitoring program performance and child outcomes related to early childhood systems. These are primarily based on nationally recommended indicators or on state initiatives. However, although a functional set of indicators is needed to monitor progress of ECCS initiatives across the states, there is no one overarching set of indicators consistently being used. The challenge for states' ECCS leadership is to select an indicator set that is both comprehensive enough to monitor system developments and specific and limited enough to be useful and manageable. This Short Take reviews the characteristics of good indicators and proposes 36 indicators, based on a review of the literature, an analysis of key national indicator sets, and a comparative review of indicators set out in State ECCS reports and plans.
Discovering inflammatory biomarkers in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cystic fibrosis : a case study of granzyme B
Creators: name: Ngan, David Allen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Granzymes, and particularly granzyme B (GzmB), are classically known to be involved in cell-mediated immunity and the induction of apoptosis through cell-specific targeting activity of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes in conjunction with perforin. However, recent literature has emerged that describes a largely overlooked role for GzmB in potentially mediating disease progression. This pathogenic role has been based on findings that GzmB can cleave extracellular matrix proteins while functioning independently of perforin. In chronic inflammatory lung states such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cystic fibrosis (CF), there are important implications including the degradation of extracellular matrix leading to airway remodelling, reduced lung integrity, and emphysema. The generation of autoantigens may also result from cleavage of extracellular matrix proteins, contributing to inflammation. We measured GzmB levels in plasma and lung tissue homogenates of COPD subjects by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) to determine the relationship with lung function, measured by FEV₁% predicted and FEV₁/FVC ratio, and clinical COPD severity. We found that GzmB levels in the lung were positively associated with lung function. The data raise the possibility that the GzmB we measured may be part of a protective inflammatory response in the microenvironment, or it may be pathogenic in the early but not the later phases of COPD. In CF subjects, we measured levels of GzmB and other inflammatory biomarkers in plasma samples to determine their relationship with lung function parameters and hospitalization status. While plasma levels of GzmB were not related to lung function or hospitalization status, we found that IL-6, IL-1β, and LPS levels were significantly higher in hospitalized patients, and CRP, IL-6, IL-1β, and LBP were significantly correlated with lung function impairment. The results provide evidence that systemic inflammation is an independent factor associated with disease progression in CF and suggests an important role for chronic bacterial colonization in the lungs. Further research is needed to validate the pathogenic contributions of GzmB in diseases with chronic inflammatory lung states and to delineate the mechanisms of such potential contributions.
Dissecting functions of Arabidopsis thaliana IQD and KLCR proteins in the control of microtubule-related processes
Creators: name: Kumari, Pratibha
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 572

description: IQD-67 Domain(IQD)-Proteine sind pflanzliche Calmodulin(CaM)-bindende Proteine. Sie interagieren mit CaM und Kinesin Light Chain-Related Proteins (KLCRs), rekrutieren sie zu diversen subzellulären Stellen und übersetzen so vermutlich Kalziumsignale in bestimmte Funktionen. In dieser Arbeit wurde die Rolle der IQDs in der Zellwand-Positionierung aufgeklärt. Wir identifizierten IQD8 als potentielles Gerüstprotein, das mit Phragmoplast Orienting Kinesins (POKs) und Pleckstrin-Homologie-GTPase-aktivierenden Proteinen (PHGAPs) interagiert, um PPB-Positionierung sowie Etablierung und/oder Beibehaltung der Teilungsebene zu steuern. Im zweiten Teil der Arbeit wurde nach potentiell mit KLCRs interagierenden Kinesinen und ihrer Funktion in Pflanzen gesucht. Direkte Interaktionen von IQD1 und IQD8 mit kinesin4A (KIN4A) legen eine Funktion der IQDs als Gerüst bei KLCR-Kinesinkomplexbildung oder bei der Regulierung von kinesinvermittelten intrazellulären Transportvorgängen nahe. Zusammengefasst liefert diese Arbeit neue Erkenntnisse über die Funktion der IQDs als Gerüstproteine bei pflanzlichen Wachstums- und Entwicklungsprozessen.
description: IQD-67 domain (IQD) proteins are one of the largest known class of calmodulin (CaM) binding proteins in plants. IQDs interact with CaM and kinesin light chain-related proteins (KLCRs) and recruit them to various subcellular sites, thus potentially sequester calcium signaling to particular functions. This work reveals the role of IQD in cell wall positioning. We identified IQD8 as a potential scaffold which interacts with phragmoplast orienting kinesins (POKs) and pleckstrin homology GTPase activating proteins (PHGAPs) to control PPB positioning and division plane establishment and/or retention of division plane memory. The second part of the thesis deals with searching for potential KLCRs-interacting plant kinesins and their potential function in plants. Direct interactions of IQD1 and IQD8 with kinesin4A (KIN4A) suggest a possible function of IQDs as a scaffold in the formation of KLCRs-kinesins complexes, or alternatively, in regulating kinesin-mediated intracellular transport of cargoes through the direct interaction with kinesins. Taken together this thesis provides novel insight into IQD function as scaffold in plant growth and development.
Children of Recent Immigrants: National and Regional Trends
Creators: name: Douglas-Hall, Ayana
name: Koball, Heather
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Children of immigrants
Children of immigrants--Social conditions
Children of immigrants--Economic conditions
Immigrant families

description: Sixty-five percent of the children of recent immigrants are low income. For these children, the challenges in academic, physical, emotional, and social development usually associated with economic insecurity are likely to be exacerbated by language barriers, the process of migration and acculturation, and restrictions on access to safety net programs. Two-thirds of children of low-income, recent immigrants live in the South and West, with an increasing proportion moving to the South. Nationwide, 85 percent of these children live with parents who are employed, and 71 percent live with married parents. Still, almost half (45 percent) of children of low-income, recent immigrants have parents who do not hold a high school degree, and 47 percent of these children are under age 6, placing them at risk for the negative impacts of low income on early development. Immigrant families limited access to the work supports and public benefits offered to other low-income families increases their financial and social vulnerability.
O'ZBEKISTON TOG'LARIDA TARQALGAN JUNIPERUS TURKUMI O'SIMLIKLARNING  QOPLAMIDAGI O'RNI VA SENAPOPULYATSIYALARI
Creators: name: Turg'unboyeva, Viloyatxon
name: Sadiqova, Mohigul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: В данной статье анализируется роль растений рода Juniperus в растительном покрове гор Узбекистана и их ценопопуляции. Рассматриваются экологические и фитоценотические характеристики можжевельников, их значение в природной среде, закономерности распространения и влияние антропогенных факторов. Результаты исследования имеют важное научное значение для экологии, ботаники и лесного хозяйства.
Most Low-Income Parents Are Employed
Creators: name: Douglas-Hall, Ayana
name: Chau, Michelle M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Family services
Working poor
Low-income parents

description: Despite low levels of unemployment, average household income has declined since 2000. The number of children living in low-income families has continued to rise. Programs that provide supports for low-income, working parents can increase income and child well-being.
Two-Stage Eagle Strategy with Differential Evolution
Creators: name: Yang, Xin-She
name: Deb, Suash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Efficiency of an optimization process is largely determined by the search algorithm and its fundamental characteristics. In a given optimization, a single type of algorithm is used in most applications. In this paper, we will investigate the Eagle Strategy recently developed for global optimization, which uses a two-stage strategy by combing two different algorithms to improve the overall search efficiency. We will discuss this strategy with differential evolution and then evaluate their performance by solving real-world optimization problems such as pressure vessel and speed reducer design. Results suggest that we can reduce the computing effort by a factor of up to 10 in many applications.
Mathematical approach for estimating the stability of geotextile-reinforced embankments during an earthquake
Creators: name: Lamri, Dahoua
name: Olena, Usychenko
name: Yakovitch, Savenko Viatcheslav
name: Hadji, Riheb
Publisher: name: Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Geoengineering, Mining and Geology
Year: 2018
Subjects: Bishop's method, geosynthetic, slope stability, rupture criterion, safety factor

description: Mining Science
Structure formation with scalar field dark matter: the field approach
Creators: name: Magaña, Juan
name: Matos, Tonatiuh
name: Suárez, Abril
name: Sánchez-Salcedo, F. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the formation of structure in the Universe assuming that dark matter can be described by a scalar field $\tildeΦ$ with a potential $V(Φ)=-\mathfrak{m}^{2}\tildeΦ^{2}/2+λ\tildeΦ^4/4$. We derive the evolution equations of the scalar field in the linear regime of perturbations. We investigate the symmetry breaking and possibly a phase transition of this scalar field in the early Universe. At low temperatures, the scalar perturbations have an oscillating growing mode and therefore, this kind of dark matter could lead to the formation of gravitational structures. In order to study the nonlinear regime, we use the spherical collapse model and show that, in the quadratic potential limit, this kind of dark matter can form virialized structures. The main difference with the traditional Cold Dark Matter paradigm is that the formation of structure in the scalar field model can occur at earlier times. Thus, if the dark matter is of scalar field nature we expect to have large galaxies at high redshifts.
description: 30 pages, 16 figures, v2: accepted for publication in JCAP, two new figures, improved figures, minor clarifications, typos corrected, conclusions unchanged
Emotional and user-specific cues for improved analysis of naturalistic interactions
Creators: name: Siegert, Ingo
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibl.
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Affective Computing
subject: Mensch-Maschine-Kommunikation
subject: Hochschulschrift
subject: Online-Publikation
subject: 006
subject: 004

description: ... ist es nicht möglich, die in dieser Arbeit identifizierten offenen Fragen restlos zu klären. Die Erweiterung der puren akustischen Emotionserkennung durch Berücksichtigung von anderen Modalitäten, Sprechercharakteristiken, Feedbacksignalen und Persönlichkeitsmerkmalen erlaubt es jedoch, länger andauernde natürliche Interaktionen zu untersuchen und dialogkritische Situationen zu erkennen. Technische Systeme, die diese erweiterte Emotionserkennung nutzen, passen sich an ihren Nutzer an und werden so zu seinem Begleiter und letztendlich zu seinem Companion.
The Impact of Work Supports: A Snapshot from Detroit
Creators: name: Dinan, Kinsey Alden
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Working poor
Working poor--Government policy
Poor families
Economic assistance, Domestic--U.S. states

description: Two-thirds of children living in low-income families in Detroit have parents who work. The majority of these children—about 70,000—have parents who work full-time, year-round. In Detroit, as elsewhere in Michigan and throughout the United States, a full-time job at low wages is not enough to make ends meet. Work supports—such as the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) and child care subsidies—can help. But as this snapshot shows, families often lose eligibility before they are economically self-sufficient. In some cases, just a small increase in earnings can trigger a substantial loss in benefits, leaving the family worse off than it was before.
TRANSFORMATION OF CLINICAL TRIALS CAUSED BY COVID-19: BIOETHICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS
Creators: name: Nartova M., A.
Publisher: name: Социально-гуманитарные знания
Year: 2023
Subjects: BIOETHICS
CLINICAL TRIALS
PANDEMIC
PUBLIC HEALTH
HISTORY OF MEDICINE

description: The COVID-19 pandemic being a real challenge for the medical society makes a sharp distinction between the usual practice and the newly implemented solutions and literally rewrites the methodological and bioethical history of modern medicine. The article proposes to analyze this transformation from bioethical and methodological points of view on the example of clinical trials. The article contains a chronological description of clinical trials becoming a part of the evidence-based medicine starting from the ancient times and until COVID-19 pandemic, and also includes a description of the main methodological solutions in clinical trials in response to the pandemic in Russia, the USA and EU. It is shown that the proposed modifications of the methodology of clinical trials conduction turned out to be unified in different countries, and the clinical trials area has shown a high flexibility to force majeure cases. The main transformation was the remote way of interaction between participants including the implementation of IT solutions. The COVID-19 pandemic and implemented solutions actualized, however, a number of problematic issues from methodological and bioethical points of view that require further discussions in the scientific community.
Children of Immigrants: A Statistical Profile
Creators: name: Elmelech, Yuval
name: McCaskie, Katherine
name: Lennon, Mary Clare
name: Lu, Hsien-Hen
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Children of immigrants
Children of immigrants--Social conditions
Children of immigrants--Economic conditions

description: Recent data from Census 2000 show that the foreign-born population in the United States has increased 57 percent since 1990 to a total of 30 million. In 2000, one out of every five children under the age of 18 in the United States was estimated to have at least one foreign-born parent, and one in four poor children had at least one foreign-born parent. Empirical evidence on immigration and inequality suggests that many of the more recent immigrants will remain economically disadvantaged throughout their working lives, and this disadvantage may be partly transmitted to their children. In order to develop strategies to address the economic hardship experienced by children of immigrants and their families, it is important to identify the particular demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of this population. As this report—which focuses on children in poverty—demonstrates, first- and second-generation immigrant children are distinct from third- or later-generation children across a range of characteristics, including parental employment and education, family structure, and race/ethnicity. Most research on poverty among immigrants has focused on families or adults. This report examines the unique position of the children of immigrants in American society.
Core-Cusp revisited and Dark Matter Phase Transition Constrained at O(0.1) eV with LSB Rotation Curve
Creators: name: Mastache, Jorge
name: de la Macorra, Axel
name: Cervantes-Cota, Jorge L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently a new particle physics model called Bound Dark Matter (BDM) has been proposed in which dark matter (DM) particles are massless above a threshold energy (Ec) and acquire mass below it due to nonperturbative methods. Therefore, the BDM model describes DM particles which are relativistic, hot dark matter, in the inner regions of galaxies and describes nonrelativistic, cold dark matter, where halo density is below rho_c = Ec^4. To realize this idea in galaxies we use a particular DM cored profile that contains three parameters: a scale length (rs) and density (rho_0) of the halo, and a core radius (rc) stemming from the relativistic nature of the BDM model. We test this model by fitting rotation curves of seventeen Low Surface Brightness galaxies from The HI Nearby Galaxy Survey (THINGS). Since the energy Ec parameterizes the phase transition due to the underlying particle physics model, it is independent on the details of galaxy or structure formation and therefore the DM profile parameters rs, rc, Ec are constrained, leaving only two free parameters. The high spatial and velocity resolution of this sample allows to derive the model parameters through the numerical implementation of the chi^2-goodness-of-fit test to the mass models. We compare the fittings with those of Navarro-Frenk-White (NFW), Burkert, and Pseudo-Isothermal (ISO) profiles. Through the results we conclude that the BDM profile fits better, or equally well, than NFW, Burkert, and ISO profiles and agree with previous results implying that cored profiles are preferred over the N-body motivated cuspy profile. We also compute 2D likelihoods of the BDM parameters rc and Ec for the different galaxies and matter contents, and find an average galaxy core radius rc=300 pc and a transition energy Ec = 0.11 eV when the DM halo is the only component. In Kroupa mass model, we obtain a core rc=1.48 kpc, and energy Ec=0.06 eV.
description: 54 pages, 26 Figures. Submitted to Phys. Rev. D. Refer also to Phys.Rev.D84:121301,2011
Laboratory tests on e-pellets effectiveness for ore tracking
Creators: name: Kawalec, Witold
name: Błażej, Ryszard
name: Konieczna, Martyna
name: Król, Robert
Publisher: name: Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Geoengineering, Mining and Geology
Year: 2018
Subjects: laboratory tests, belt conveyor, DISIRE, RFID tag, ore tracking

description: Mining Science
The Millennium Run Observatory: First Light
Creators: name: Overzier, R.
name: Lemson, G.
name: Angulo, R. E.
name: Bertin, E.
name: Blaizot, J.
name: Henriques, B. M. B.
name: Marleau, G. -D.
name: White, S. D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Simulations of galaxy evolution aim to capture our current understanding as well as to make predictions for testing by future experiments. Simulations and observations are often compared in an indirect fashion: physical quantities are estimated from the data and compared to models. However, many applications can benefit from a more direct approach, where the observing process is also simulated and the models are seen fully from the observer's perspective. To facilitate this, we have developed the Millennium Run Observatory (MRObs), a theoretical virtual observatory which uses virtual telescopes to `observe' semi-analytic galaxy formation models based on the suite of Millennium Run dark matter simulations. The MRObs produces data that can be processed and analyzed using the standard software packages developed for real observations. At present, we produce images in forty filters from the rest-frame UV to IR for two stellar population synthesis models, three different models of IGM absorption, and two cosmologies (WMAP1/7). Galaxy distributions for a large number of mock lightcones can be `observed' using models of major ground- and space-based telescopes. The data include lightcone catalogues linked to structural properties of galaxies, pre-observation model images, mock telescope images, and Source Extractor products that can all be traced back to the higher level dark matter, semi-analytic galaxy, and lightcone catalogues available in the Millennium database. Here, we describe our methods and announce a first public release of simulated surveys (e.g., SDSS, CFHT-LS, GOODS, GOODS/ERS, CANDELS, and HUDF). The MRObs browser, an online tool, further facilitates exploration of the simulated data. We demonstrate the benefits of a direct approach through a number of example applications (galaxy number counts in CANDELS, clusters, morphologies, and dropout selections).
description: MNRAS, in press. Millennium Run Observatory data products, online tools, and more available through http://galformod.mpa-garching.mpg.de/mrobs/
title: The imaging capabilities of ground penetrating radar for the detection of buries anti-personnel landmines
title: Die Auflösungsmöglichkeiten eines Bodenradars für die Detektion von im Boden vergrabenen Anti-Personen Minen
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Teggatz, Alexander
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Hochschulschrift
subject: Online-Publikation
subject: 623

description: Anti-Personen (AP) Landminen werden als Problem globalen Ausmaßes betrachtet. Es wird geschätzt, dass es weltweit ungefähr 60-70 Million AP Landminen verteilt in mehr als 70 Ländern gibt. Viele Minen werden inzwischen ohne Metall hergestellt, so dass ihre Detektion auf Basis von elektromagnetischer Induktion (EMI) häufig versagt, während das sogenannte bodendurchdringende Radar (engl. Ground Penetrating Radar, GPR) für die Detektion von vergrabenen nichtmetallischen Objekten gut geeignet ist. GPR hat seinen Ursprung im Bereich der Geophysik. Die Untersuchungen im Rahmen dieser Arbeit betreffen unterschiedliche wichtige Aspekte von GPR Systemen. Zunächst wird eine neue Methode zur 3D Feldimulation eines kompletten Systems vorgestellt. Diese erlaubt nicht nur die Untersuchung grundlegender Prinzipien von GPR, sondern auch für die systematische Verifizierung verschiedener Antennenkonzepte, die im Rahmen von GPR Anwendungen verwendet werden. Schließlich wird das Problem der Fokussierung der Rohdaten einer GPR Messung diskutiert. Dafür werden zwei unterschiedliche Fokussierkonzepte sowohl mit Feldsimulationen als auch anhand realer Messungen untersucht.
description: Anti-Personnel (AP) landmines are considered as a problem of global proportions and it is estimated that about 60-70 million AP landmines are scattered within at least 70 countries all over the world. Many of the mines are made without metal so that detection methods based on electromagnetic induction (EMI) often tend to fail. A promising concept for the detection of buried nonmetallic objects is the ground penetrating radar (GPR) which originates from geophysical techniques. The investigations in the context of this thesis cover different important aspects of GPR. A novel approach for the 3D field simulation of a complete GPR environment will be proposed which not only allows to study the fundamental principles of GPR but will also be utilized for the systematic verification of antenna concepts in the context of GPR applications. Finally, the important problem of focusing the raw data of GPR measurements will be addressed and two different focusing concepts will be investigated using both, field simulations and measurements.
Impact of air pollution with dust in the Ouenza iron mine - NE Algeria
Creators: name: Nadhir, Abederahmane
name: Lakhdar, Khochemane
name: Larbi, Gadri
name: Khaled, Rais
name: Ouafa, Bennis
Publisher: name: Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Geoengineering, Mining and Geology
Year: 2018
Subjects: particle deposition, emissions, modeling, concentration model, dispersion

description: Mining Science
Blasting control and monitoring system for safety improvement during blasting operation. A case study in Guilaizhuang Gold Mine
Creators: name: Cao, Yang
name: Ji, Hongguang
name: Zhang, Tianbao
Publisher: name: Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Geoengineering, Mining and Geology
Year: 2018
Subjects: Model of blasting accident, Safety ergonomics, unsafe behavior, blocking function, monitoring system

description: Mining Science
State Policy Choices: Assets and Access to Public Assistance
Creators: name: Dinan, Kinsey Alden
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Working poor
Working poor--Government policy
Poor families
Economic assistance, Domestic--U.S. states
Means tests

description: Most low-income families have few if any assets to help them weather even a short-term loss of employment. Policies designed to assist low-income families can contribute to this problem by penalizing those who accumulate assets. In some states, even small levels of savings or a single car can make families ineligible for TANF cash assistance, food stamps, and public health insurance. Policies should recognize the need to develop assets as part of the path to economic self-sufficiency. Recipients should be allowed to purchase vehicles—often critical to finding and keeping a job—and build modest savings. And low-income families faced with a financial crisis should be able to get supports without giving up their car or exhausting their savings. Over the past several years, states have gained increased discretion to determine the treatment of family assets in benefit eligibility criteria. Asset tests now vary widely both across policies and across states.
Aberrant localization of fused in sarcoma (FUS) and TAR DNA binding protein (TDP)-43 triggers misfolding of human Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1)
Creators: name: Pokrishevsky, Edward
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The full abstract for this thesis is available in the body of the thesis, and will be available when the embargo expires.
Budgeting for Basic Needs: A Struggle for Working Families
Creators: name: Dinan, Kinsey Alden
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Basic needs--Costs
Working poor
Families
Poor families

description: The Basic Needs Budgets developed by the National Center for Children in Poverty (NCCP) show the cost of basic day-to-day necessities for families with children. Using examples from these bare-bones budgets, this brief examines the question of how much families need to get by and provides insight into the struggles that working families face. Examples are drawn from 12 localities and are based on families with two children; budgets for other family types and localities are available through NCCP’s Basic Needs Budget Calculator.
Temperature Dependence Cancellation of the Cs Clock Frequency in the Presence of Ne Buffer Gas
Creators: name: Kozlova, Olga
name: Boudot, Rodolphe
name: Guérandel, Stéphane
name: de Clercq, Emeric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The temperature dependence of the Cs clock transition frequency in a vapor cell filled with Ne buffer gas has been measured. The experimental setup is based on the coherent population trapping (CPT) technique and a temporal Ramsey interrogation allowing a high resolution. A quadratic dependence of the frequency shift is shown. The temperature of the shift cancellation is evaluated. The actual Ne pressure in the cell is determined from the frequency shift of the 895nm optical transition. We can then determine the Cs-Ne collisional temperature coefficients of the clock frequency. These results can be useful for vapor cell clocks and especially for future micro-clocks.
Children of Low-Income, Recent Immigrants
Creators: name: Douglas-Hall, Ayana
name: Koball, Heather
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Children of immigrants
Children of immigrants--Economic conditions
Children of immigrants--Social conditions
Immigrant families

description: Two-thirds (65%) of children of recent immigrants—2.1 million—are low-income. For these children the challenges in academic, physical, emotional, and social development usually associated with economic insecurity are likely to be exacerbated by language barriers, the process of migration and acculturation, and restrictions on access to safety net programs.
Low-Income Families in Alabama: Results from the Family Resource Simulator
Creators: name: Dinan, Kinsey Alden
name: Levy, Rachel
name: Fass, Sarah
name: Cauthen, Nancy K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Working poor
Working poor--Government policy
Economic assistance, Domestic--U.S. states
Poor families

description: About 85 percent of low-income children have parents who work, and most have at least one parent working full-time, year-round. Nonetheless, many of these parents are unable to afford basic necessities for their families, such as food, housing, and stable child care. Even a full-time job is not always enough to make ends meet, and many parents cannot get ahead simply by working more. As earnings increase—particularly as they rise above the official poverty level—families begin to lose eligibility for work supports. At the same time, work-related expenses, such as child care and transportation, increase. This means that parents may earn more without a family experiencing more financial security.1 In some cases, earning more actually leaves a family with fewer resources after the bills are paid.

The Family Resource Simulator, developed by the National Center for Children in Poverty, illustrates how this happens. This web-based tool calculates resources and expenses for a hypothetical family that the user “creates” by selecting city and state, family characteristics, income sources, and assets. The user also selects which public benefits the family receives when eligible and makes choices about what happens when the family loses benefits (e.g., does the family seek cheaper child care after losing a subsidy?).

The result is a series of charts that show the hypothetical family’s total income from various sources as earnings rise, as well as the cost of basic family expenses. Using the Simulator, this report describes the experiences of two hypothetical families in the workforce.
A Law of Nature?
Creators: name: Chester, Marvin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Is there an overriding principle of nature, hitherto overlooked, that governs all population behavior? A single principle that drives all the regimes observed in nature - exponential-like growth, saturated growth, population decline, population extinction, oscillatory behavior? In current orthodox population theory, this diverse range of population behaviors is described by many different equations - each with its own specific justification. The signature of an overriding principle would be a differential equation which, in a single statement, embraces all the panoply of regimes. A candidate such governing equation is proposed. The principle from which the equation is derived is this: The effect on the environment of a population's success is to alter that environment in a way that opposes the success.
description: Revised equation-numbering to correspond to published version
State Policy Choices: Supports for Low-Income Working Families
Creators: name: Dinan, Kinsey Alden
name: Fass, Sarah
name: Cauthen, Nancy K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Working poor
Working poor--Government policy
Economic assistance, Domestic--U.S. states
Poor families

description: Over 26 million American children live in low-income families. Nearly 60 percent of these children are not officially poor but live in families with incomes between one and two times the federal poverty level. Research suggests that most families need income of at least double the poverty level—nearly $38,000 a year for a family of four—to make ends meet. About 85 percent of children in low-income families have at least one working parent, and the majority has a parent working full-time, year-round (see Figure 1). However, low wages, taxes, and work-related expenses mean that many of these families cannot get ahead simply by earning more—in part because they quickly lose eligibility for public benefits. If policymakers want to ensure that work provides a route to family economic self-sufficiency, they need to get serious about making work pay. Refundable earned income tax credits to boost low wages and work supports such as child care and health care benefits can help.
Sivers Effect and Transverse Single Spin Asymmetry in $e+p^\uparrow \to e+J/ψ+X$
Creators: name: Godbole, Rohini M.
name: Misra, Anuradha
name: Mukherjee, Asmita
name: Rawoot, Vaibhav S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the possibility of using electroproduction of $J/ψ$ as a probe of gluon Sivers function by measuring single spin asymmetry (SSA) in experiments with transversely polarized protons and electron beams. We estimate SSA for JLab, HERMES, COMPASS and eRHIC energies using the color evaporation model of charmonium production and find asymmetry up to 25% for certain choices of model parameters which have been used earlier for estimating SSA in the SIDIS and Drell-Yan processes.
Between path dependence and path creation : the impact of farmers' behavior on structural change in agriculture
Creators: name: Appel, Franziska
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 307

description: In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden Möglichkeiten zur Analyse verhaltensbasierter Aspekte des Agrarstrukturwandels entwickelt und evaluiert. Grundlage ist FarmAgriPoliS, ein agentenbasiertes Planspiel, mit dem das Entscheidungsverhalten und der wirtschaftliche Erfolg realer Menschen in einem Labor experimentell untersucht werden kann. Bei den Experimenten können vier unterschiedliche Verhaltenscluster identifiziert werden. Die ersten drei Cluster, die sich in etwa 88% der Experimente finden, entsprechen der Prospect Theory - das heißt, die TeilnehmerInnen waren erfolgreicher bei der Vermeidung von Verlusten als bei der Generierung von Gewinnen. Etwa 12% der TeilnehmerInnen waren jedoch wesentlich erfolgreicher als die Computeragenten und anderen TeilnehmerInnen mit identischen Voraussetzungen und lassen sich somit als PfadbrecherInnen charakterisieren. Zudem wurden die Implikationen dieses pfadbrechenden Verhaltens für andere Betriebe in der Nachbarschaft analysiert.
description: This thesis develops and evaluates several possibilities to analyze behaviorally-based path dependence of structural change in agriculture. It begins with FarmAgriPoliS, an agent-based business game that enables researchers to experimentally study the decision behavior and the economic success of real persons in a laboratory. In these experiments four distinct outcome clusters are identified. The first three clusters, some 88% of the outcomes, corresponded with prospect theory - that is, the participants in these games were more successful in avoiding losses than in exploiting opportunities. Approximately 12% of the participants performed substantially better than both the computer agents and other participants playing identical games and therefore can be characterized as path-breakers. The implications of such path-breaking behavior for other farms in the neighborhood are then further analyzed.
Federal Policies Restrict Immigrant Children's Access to Key Public Benefits
Creators: name: Dinan, Kinsey Alden
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Immigrant children
Immigrant families
Public welfare--Government policy
Immigrants--Government policy

description: The federal government sets U.S. immigration policies that regulate the flow of immigrants into the United States. The federal government also bears primary responsibility for immigrant policies that determine the treatment of immigrants within the nation, although in recent years much of this responsibility has been shifted onto the states. Both types of policies have important implications for the economic security of immigrant families and set the context for state and local policy choices regarding immigrant children and their families.
Körperliche Bewegung älterer Menschen im Krankenhaus : eine phänomenologisch-hermeneutische Studie
Creators: name: Schneider, Iris Tamara
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Das Risiko von Bewegungsverlust steigt mit altersbedingten Veränderungen bei älteren Menschen im Krankenhaus. Daher ist Förderung von Bewegungsfähigkeit zum Erhalt der Selbständigkeit notwendig. Empirische Befunde zeigen ein geringes Unterbreiten von Bewegungsangebote. Die Untersuchung erfasste das Erleben, die Wahrnehmung und Bewertung des Phänomens "Körperliche Bewegung". Beobachtungen und Interviews, phänomenologisch beschreibend und hermeneutisch interpretierend ausgewertetet, ermöglichten eine differenzierte Wahrnehmung und ein vertieftes Verständnis. Organisationsstrukturen und Arbeitsprozesse beeinflussen Selbst- und Fremdeinschätzung der Bewegungsfähigkeit der älteren Menschen, individuelle Interaktionsbeziehungen und interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit. Ältere Menschen nehmen unterschiedlichen Arbeitsweisen der Pflegenden wahr und passen ihre Bewegungsfähigkeiten individuell an. Pflegende nehmen die Bewegungsförderung als pflegerische Aufgabe unter Zeitdruck wahr. Die Bewegungsförderung im Krankenhaus benötigt eine vermehrt bewegungsorientierte Atmosphäre sowie in ATLs integrierte Maßnahmen.
description: Older patients at hospital carries a high risk of limited mobility. Physical activity is mandatory to avoid loss of independence. A literature review suggests insufficient options for patients’ mobility but potential for promotion of physical activity. The goal is to gain insight into the promotion of mobility in nursing and the meaning of mobility perceived by patients and nurses. A phenomenological-hermeneutic approach was used to gain profound insights into directly experienced perception. Results indicate a frame of organizational structures and working processes what influences the assessment of physical activity, the nurse/patient relationships and interdisciplinary cooperation. Patients experience dependence and changing nursing stuff what let them adapt their mobility patterns. Nurse perceive promotion of physical activity under time constraints and set working processes on a higher priority. The study is a first step towards a mobility enhancing nursing climate in hospitals for older patients with promotion of physical activity in regards to time constraints and working processes embedded in ADLs.
Spontaneous quantum Hall effect via thermally induced quadratic Fermi point
Creators: name: Chern, Gia-Wei
name: Batista, C. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gapless electronic systems containing topologically nontrivial Fermi points are sources of various topological insulators. Whereas most of these special band-crossing points are built in the electronic structure of the non-interacting lattice models, we show that a quadratic Fermi point characterized by a non-zero winding number emerges with a collinear triple-Q spin-density-wave state that arises from a perfectly nested but topologically trivial Fermi surface. We obtain a universal low-energy Hamiltonian for the quadratic Fermi point and show that such collinear orderings are unstable against the onset of scalar spin chirality that opens a gap and induces a spontaneous quantum Hall insulator as the temperature tends to zero.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures + supplementary materials
Analyse und Gestaltung von Arbeitsintensität und sozialer Isolation als kritische Belastungs-komponenten der Arbeit von Straßenbahnfahrerinnen und -fahrern
Creators: name: Kästner, Therese
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150

description: Als zentrale Belastungskomponenten der Tätigkeit von Straßenbahnfahrenden wurden die quantitative Arbeitsintensität, bedingt durch das Fahren nach Fahrplan und die sozial isolierenden Bedingungen durch das Arbeiten an einem Einzelarbeitsplatz über die Erfassung von subjektiven und objektiven Daten im Tagebuchdesign untersucht. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass eine hohe Arbeitsintensität mit dem aktuellen Erleben von psychischer Ermüdung und vermittelt über diese mit längerfristiger Erholungsunfähigkeit in Verbindung steht. Zentrale Ergebnisse zur sozialen Isolation waren, dass das Ausmaß und die Qualität der Kommunikation mit Kollegen an einem Arbeitstag mit einem aktuellen arbeitsbezogenen state-Einsamkeitsgefühl assoziiert waren. Aus den Ergebnissen abgeleitete Empfehlungen zur Arbeitsgestaltung für den Fahrberuf beziehen sich unter anderem auf die Erhöhung von Pausenzeiten und betrieblichen Partizipationsmöglichkeiten.
description: As central load components of the work of tram drivers, the quantitative work intensity, due to driving according to the driving schedule and the socially isolating conditions due to working at a single workplace, were examined by recording subjective and objective data in a diary design. It has been shown that a high level of work intensity is linked to the current experience of mental fatigue and mediated through fatigue with longer-term inability to recover. Key findings on social isolation were that the extent and quality of communicating with colleagues on a working day were associated with a current work-related sense of state-loneliness. Among other things, recommendations derived from the results on work design for the driving profession relate to the increase in break times and opportunities for organizational participation.
Shaping plastid stromules : [kumulative Dissertation]
Creators: name: Erickson, Jessica
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Plastide
subject: Tubuline
subject: Stroma
subject: Stress
subject: 570

description: Stroma gefüllte Tubuli (Stromuli) entspringen Plastiden jeglicher Arten im gesamten Pflanzenreich, insbesondere wenn Pflanzen abiotischem oder biotischem Stress ausgesetzt sind. Es sind nur wenige Mutationen bekannt, die die Stromulus-Bildung beeinflussen, was die Bestimmung der Stromulusfunktion und -relevanz für die Lebensfähigkeit der Pflanze erschwert. Die in dieser Arbeit vorgestellten Arbeiten verwendeten Nicotiana benthamiana und Arabidopsis thaliana als Modellsysteme, um den Mechanismus der Stromulusbildung aufzuklären und genauere Ziele für das Verhindern der Bildung von Stromuli zu identifizieren. Es wurde entdeckt, dass mindestens zwei verschiedene zytoskelettabhängige Mechanismen zur Verlängerung der Stromuli beitragen. Aktinbasierte Zellkernbewegung und mikrotubuliabhängige Extension. Diese Feststellung legt nahe, dass nicht alle Stromuli gleich sind, und individuelle Bildungsmodi unter verschiedenen Umständen möglicherweise wichtig sind oder Stromuli für unterschiedliche Zwecke erzeugen.
description: Stroma-filled tubules (stromules), emanate from all plastid types in species throughout the plant kingdom, particularily when plants are challenged with abiotic or biotic stress. There are few known mutations that influence stromule formation, making it challenging to determine stromule function and relevance to plant viability. Work presented in this thesis utilized Nicotiana benthamiana and Arabidopsis thaliana model systems to elucidate the mechanism of stromule formation and identify more precise targets for knocking down stromules. It was discovered that at least two different cytoskeleton-dependent mechanisms contribute to stromule elongation; actin-based nucleus movement and microtubule-dependent extension. This finding suggests that not all stromules are the same, and distinct modes of formation may be important under different circumstances, or produce stromules for different purposes.