cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Maternal Dioxin Exposure Combined with a Diet High in Fat Increases Mammary Cancer Incidence in Mice
Creators: name: La Merrill, Michele
name: Cardiff, Robert D.
name: Harper, Rachel
name: Birnbaum, Linda S.
name: Threadgill, David W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: BackgroundResults from previous studies have suggested that breast cancer risk correlates with total lifetime exposure to estrogens and that early-life 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) exposure or diets high in fat can also increase cancer risk.ObjectivesBecause both TCDD and diet affect the estrogen pathway, we examined how TCDD and a high-fat diet (HFD) interact to alter breast cancer susceptibility.MethodsWe exposed pregnant female FVB/NJ mice (12.5 days postcoitus) to 1 μg/kg TCDD or vehicle; at parturition, the dams were randomly assigned to a low-fat diet (LFD) or a high-fat diet (HFD). Female offspring were maintained on the same diets after weaning and were exposed to 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene on postnatal days (PNDs) 35, 49, and 63 to initiate mammary tumors. A second cohort of females was treated identically until PND35 or PND49, when mammary gland morphology was examined, or PND50, when mammary gland mRNA was analyzed.ResultsWe found that maternal TCDD exposure doubled mammary tumor incidence only in mice fed the HFD. Among HFD-fed mice, maternal TCDD exposure caused rapid mammary development with increased Cyp1b1 (cytochrome P450 1B1) expression and decreased Comt (catechol-O-methyltransferase) expression in mammary tissue. Maternal TCDD exposure also increased mammary tumor Cyp1b1 expression.ConclusionsOur data suggest that the HFD increases sensitivity to maternal TCDD exposure, resulting in increased breast cancer incidence, by changing metabolism capability. These results provide a mechanism to explain epidemiological data linking early-life TCDD exposure and diets high in fat to increased risk for breast cancer in humans.
Context-Free Path Querying with Structural Representation of Result
Creators: name: Grigorev, Semyon
name: Ragozina, Anastasiya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Graph data model and graph databases are very popular in various areas such as bioinformatics, semantic web, and social networks. One specific problem in the area is a path querying with constraints formulated in terms of formal grammars. The query in this approach is written as grammar, and paths querying is graph parsing with respect to given grammar. There are several solutions to it, but how to provide structural representation of query result which is practical for answer processing and debugging is still an open problem. In this paper we propose a graph parsing technique which allows one to build such representation with respect to given grammar in polynomial time and space for arbitrary context-free grammar and graph. Proposed algorithm is based on generalized LL parsing algorithm, while previous solutions are based mostly on CYK or Earley algorithms, which reduces time complexity in some cases.
description: Evaluation extended
title: Associations between socio-ecological factors and motor competence amongst 5–6-year-old children from deprived areas of Northwest England
Creators: name: Grace, R
Publisher: name: Liverpool John Moores University
Year: 2022

description: Background: Learning to move competently is an essential foundation for participation in physical activity (PA). Previous literature has reported that young children with high levels of motor competence (MC) can be predicted to have higher levels of PA participation during primary and secondary school years, and that high MC is protective against excess weight gain. Yet, little is known about the factors that influence the development of MC at a young age, particularly amongst children living in highly deprived areas. The aim of this study was, therefore, to examine the association between socio-ecological factors and MC development in children aged 5-6-years-old living in an area of high deprivation. Methods: This cross-sectional study used baseline data from the SAMPLE-PE cluster randomised controlled trial. Twelve primary schools and 360 pupils were recruited to the project from areas of high deprivation within a city in Northwest England. Parents/carers were invited to complete a questionnaire about their child’s individual (e.g. PA behaviours and preferences, child’s personality), social (e.g. family demographics, social support, PA rules and barriers) and environmental (e.g. time spent outside and home environment) factors. MC was assessed via motor proficiency, using the Test of Gross Motor Development (TGMD-3),and motor creativity, using the Divergent Movement Ability Test (DMA). Linear regression models examined the association between individual, social and environmental factors and their contribution to motor proficiency and creativity. Results: The final sample included 100 children with complete questionnaire and MC data (50% boys/girls, age mean 6.0 years, 0.4SD). No socio-ecological influences were associated with motor proficiency. For motor creativity, significant associations were only found among individual level factors, with positive associations observed with deprivation decile(B=2.872; 95% CI= 0.22to 5.53; p=.034)and minutes spent in Total PA between 3-5 years-old(B=0.001; 95% CI= 0to 0; p=.032), though a negative association was found for Total PA activity minutes between the ages 1-2.9 years (B=-0.002; 95% CI= 0to 0; p= .022). Conclusion: This was the first study to explore associations between socio-ecological factors and both motor creativity and proficiency in young children. Individual level factors of multiple deprivation and total PA predicted motor creativity; however, no significant associations were found for motor proficiency. Further research is required to understand the direction of the relationships between PA and motor creativity in young children, and to explore factors affecting the development of motor proficiency. Research could inform planning and practice in PE to include opportunities to develop motor creativity and therefore motor competency.
The Formation of Super-Earths and Mini-Neptunes with Giant Impacts
Creators: name: Inamdar, Niraj K.
name: Schlichting, Hilke E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The majority of discovered exoplanetary systems harbour a new class of planets, bodies typically several times more massive than Earth but orbiting their host stars well inside the orbit of Mercury. The origin of these close-in super-Earths and mini-Neptunes is a major unanswered question in planet formation. Unlike Earth, whose atmosphere contains $<10^{-6}$ its total mass, a large fraction of close-in planets have significant gaseous envelopes, containing $1 -10\%$ or more of their total mass. It has been proposed that these close-in planets formed in situ either by delivery of $50-100M_{\oplus}$ of rocky material to the inner disc, or in a disc enhanced relative to the MMSN. In both cases, final assembly of the planets occurs by giant impacts (GIs). Here we test the viability of these scenarios. We show that atmospheres accreted by isolation masses are small ($10^{-3}-10^{-2}$ the core mass) and that atmospheric mass-loss during GIs is significant, with typical post-GI atmospheres that are $8 \times 10^{-4}$ the core mass. Such values are consistent with terrestrial planet atmospheres but more than an order of magnitude below atmospheric masses of $1-10\%$ inferred for many close-in exoplanets. In the most optimistic scenario with no core luminosity, post-GI envelope accretion from a depleted gas disc yields atmospheric masses that are several per cent the core mass. If the gravitational potential energy due to the last mass doubling of the planet by GIs is released over the disc dissipation time-scale as core luminosity, then envelope masses are reduced by about an order of magnitude. Finally we show that radial drift time-scales due to gas drag for many isolation masses are shorter than typical disc lifetimes. Given these challenges, we conclude that most observed close-in planets with envelopes larger than several per cent likely formed at larger separations from their host stars.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures. Abstract abridged for submission. Fixed typographical error in Eq. 6 exponent
Supplement 2 spiders_Etymologies_for_analysis.csv from Naming the menagerie: creativity, culture and consequences in the formation of scientific names
Creators: name: Heard, Stephen B.
name: Mlynarek, Julia J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310401
subject: Animal systematics and taxonomy
classificationCode: 310411
subject: Plant and fungus systematics and taxonomy

description: Data for etymologies of spider scientific names
StrengthsBased Needs Assessment of Caregivers of Adults with Intellectual Disabilities in India
Creators: name: Murthy, Sumithra
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Although India has ratified the United Nations Convention on Rights of People with Disabilities (UNCRPD) in 2007 and has many disability-related policies, legislations and services in place, awareness or knowledge about rights is generally limited among family caregivers of people with intellectual and/or developmental disabilities (IDD). Furthermore, there has not been enough research in India to develop formal and informal interventions that aim to increase family caregiver awareness and knowledge on resources, supports and services, and/or improve access and use of supports and services. My exploratory study is driven by a human rights approach and the UNCRPD framework. Utilizing a concurrent mixed methods design, 100 strengths-based needs assessment surveys and 15 qualitative interviews were conducted with a convenience sample of 100 English-speaking and Telugu-speaking family caregivers of adults with IDD in Hyderabad, India. The purpose of my study was to gain an understanding of the needs and assets of the participants, so that “culturally adapted” strategies and interventions can be developed and formulated to better support family caregivers. The results showed that caregivers needed more information on disability-related human rights, and on available supports and services, particularly those with no proficiency in English. A need for more future planning services and information on how to access them emerged as a very important unmet need. The caregivers strongly recommended that the government should provide support to meet their information needs, support needs and service needs. The study also underscored the importance of supports that the caregivers could garner outside of the government and other formal systems, such as caregiver associations and peer support groups, to help them care for themselves and their care recipients better. Recommendations for caregivers and implications for researchers, practitioners and policymakers were finally discussed.
Context-Free Path Querying by Matrix Multiplication
Creators: name: Azimov, Rustam
name: Grigorev, Semyon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Graph data models are widely used in many areas, for example, bioinformatics, graph databases. In these areas, it is often required to process queries for large graphs. Some of the most common graph queries are navigational queries. The result of query evaluation is a set of implicit relations between nodes of the graph, i.e. paths in the graph. A natural way to specify these relations is by specifying paths using formal grammars over the alphabet of edge labels. An answer to a context-free path query in this approach is usually a set of triples (A, m, n) such that there is a path from the node m to the node n, whose labeling is derived from a non-terminal A of the given context-free grammar. This type of queries is evaluated using the relational query semantics. Another example of path query semantics is the single-path query semantics which requires presenting a single path from the node m to the node n, whose labeling is derived from a non-terminal A for all triples (A, m, n) evaluated using the relational query semantics. There is a number of algorithms for query evaluation which use these semantics but all of them perform poorly on large graphs. One of the most common technique for efficient big data processing is the use of a graphics processing unit (GPU) to perform computations, but these algorithms do not allow to use this technique efficiently. In this paper, we show how the context-free path query evaluation using these query semantics can be reduced to the calculation of the matrix transitive closure. Also, we propose an algorithm for context-free path query evaluation which uses relational query semantics and is based on matrix operations that make it possible to speed up computations by using a GPU.
description: 9 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables
Discovery of SiO band emission from Galactic B[e] supergiants
Creators: name: Kraus, Michaela
name: Oksala, Mary
name: Cidale, Lydia
name: Arias, Maria Laura
name: Torres, Andrea
name: Fernandes, Marcelo Borges
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: B[e] supergiants (B[e]SGs) are evolved massive stars in a short-lived transition phase. During this phase, these objects eject large amounts of material, which accumulates in a circumstellar disk-like structure. The expelled material is typically dense and cool, providing the cradle for molecule and dust condensation and for a rich, ongoing chemistry. Very little is known about the chemical composition of these disks, beyond the emission from dust and CO revolving around the star on Keplerian orbits. As massive stars preserve an oxygen-rich surface composition throughout their life, other oxygen-based molecules can be expected to form. As SiO is the second most stable oxygen compound, we initiated an observing campaign to search for first-overtone SiO emission bands. We obtained high-resolution near-infrared L-band spectra for a sample of Galactic B[e]SGs with reported CO band emission. We clearly detect emission from the SiO first-overtone bands in CPD-52 9243 and indications for faint emission in HD 62623, HD 327083, and CPD-57 2874. From model fits, we find that in all these stars the SiO bands are rotationally broadened with a velocity lower than observed in the CO band forming regions, suggesting that SiO forms at larger distances from the star. Hence, searching for and analyzing these bands is crucial for studying the structure and kinematics of circumstellar disks, because they trace complementary regions to the CO band formation zone. Moreover, since SiO molecules are the building blocks for silicate dust, their study might provide insight in the early stage of dust formation.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Spinor field in Bianchi type-$II$ Universe
Creators: name: Saha, Bijan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the scope of Bianchi type-$II$ cosmological model we have studied the role of spinor field in the evolution of the Universe. It is found that in this case the components of energy-momentum tensor of spinor field along the principal axis are different, i.e. $T_1^1 \ne T_2^2 \ne T_3^3$, even in absence of spinor field nonlinearity. The presence of nontrivial non-diagonal components of energy-momentum tensor of the spinor field imposes severe restrictions both on geometry of space-time and on the spinor field itself. Depending on the choice of $f(x_3)$ the space-time might be either locally rotationally symmetric or isotropic. In this paper we considered the Bianchi type-$II$ space-time both for a trivial and nontrivial $b$. It was found that while a positive $λ_1$ in case of $f^\prime \ne 0$ gives rise to oscillatory mode of evolution, in case of $f^\prime = 0$ it leads to accelerated mode of expansion.
description: 17 pages, 20 Figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1705.07773
Bharatohydracarus orientalis Cook 1967
Creators: name: Pešić, Vladimir
name: Chatterjee, Tapas
name: Bordoloi, Sabitry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Actinedida
Hungarohydracaridae
Bharatohydracarus
Bharatohydracarus orientalis

description: Bharatohydracarus orientalis Cook, 1967
Records from the study area: Maharashtra—Cook (1967); Prasad (1974); Pešić & Ranga Reddy (2009).
Habitat: Hyporheic interstitial.
Distribution: India.
description: Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Chatterjee, Tapas & Bordoloi, Sabitry, 2010, A checklist of the water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) of India, with new records and description of one new species, pp. 1-54 in Zootaxa 2617 (1) on page 48, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2617.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/197964
Charged Higgs production with a $W$ boson or a top quark
Creators: name: Kidonakis, Nikolaos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I present theoretical results for charged Higgs production in association with a $W$ boson or a top quark at the LHC. I calculate higher-order threshold corrections and show that they are very significant. I present detailed results for total cross sections as well as transverse-momentum and rapidity distributions for various LHC energies.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures; presented at the EPS Conference on High Energy Physics (EPS-HEP2017), Venice, Italy, July 5-12, 2017
Supplement 1 R code-Naming.docx from Naming the menagerie: creativity, culture and consequences in the formation of scientific names
Creators: name: Heard, Stephen B.
name: Mlynarek, Julia J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310401
subject: Animal systematics and taxonomy
classificationCode: 310411
subject: Plant and fungus systematics and taxonomy

description: R scripts for analyses conducted
On $μ_{n}$-actions on K3 surfaces in positive characteristic
Creators: name: Matsumoto, Yuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J28 (Primary) 14L15, 14L30 (Secondary)

description: In characteristic $0$, symplectic automorphisms of K3 surfaces (i.e.\ automorphisms preserving the global $2$-form) and non-symplectic ones behave differently. In this paper we consider the actions of the group schemes $μ_{n}$ on K3 surfaces (possibly with rational double point singularities) in characteristic $p$, where $n$ may be divisible by $p$. We introduce the notion of symplecticness of such actions, and we show that symplectic $μ_{n}$-actions have similar properties, such as possible orders, fixed loci, and quotients, to symplectic automorphisms of order $n$ in characteristic $0$. We also study local $μ_n$-actions on rational double points.
description: 42 pages / v2: many minor changes / v3: many minor changes / v4: title slightly changed, some unused results removed, many minor changes
One-Month Diesel Exhaust Inhalation Produces Hypertensive Gene Expression Pattern in Healthy Rats
Creators: name: Ledbetter, Allen D.
name: Karoly, Edward D.
name: Schladweiler, Mette C.
name: Richards, Judy E.
name: Gottipolu, Reddy R.
name: Linak, William P.
name: Nyska, Abraham
name: Kodavanti, Urmila P.
name: Wallenborn, J. Grace
name: Johnson, Jo Anne
name: Thomas, Ronald
name: Jaskot, Richard H.
name: Krantz, Todd
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: BackgroundExposure to diesel exhaust (DE) is linked to vasoconstriction, endothelial dysfunction, and myocardial ischemia in compromised individuals.ObjectiveWe hypothesized that DE inhalation would cause greater inflammation, hematologic alterations, and cardiac molecular impairment in spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rats than in healthy Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats.Methods and resultsMale rats (12–14 weeks of age) were exposed to air or DE from a 30-kW Deutz engine at 500 or 2,000 μg/m3, 4 hr/day, 5 days/week for 4 weeks. Neutrophilic influx was noted in the lung lavage fluid of both strains, but injury markers were minimally changed. Particle-laden macrophages were apparent histologically in DE-exposed rats. Lower baseline cardiac anti-oxidant enzyme activities were present in SH than in WKY rats; however, no DE effects were noted. Cardiac mitochondrial aconitase activity decreased after DE exposure in both strains. Electron microscopy indicated abnormalities in cardiac mitochondria of control SH but no DE effects. Gene expression profiling demonstrated alterations in 377 genes by DE in WKY but none in SH rats. The direction of DE-induced changes in WKY mimicked expression pattern of control SH rats without DE. Most genes affected by DE were down-regulated in WKY. The same genes were down-regulated in SH without DE producing a hypertensive-like expression pattern. The down-regulated genes included those that regulate compensatory response, matrix metabolism, mitochondrial function, and oxidative stress response. No up-regulation of inflammatory genes was noted.ConclusionsWe provide the evidence that DE inhalation produces a hypertensive-like cardiac gene expression pattern associated with mitochondrial oxidative stress in healthy rats.
May the Force be with You
Creators: name:  M. LACHESNAIS
name:   D. TCHOUKIEN
Publisher: name: Proceedings of  the 9th European Conference for Aerospace Sciences. Lille, France, 27 June - 1 July, 2022
Year: 2022
Subjects: SPACE
ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
REUSABILITY

description: The space sector is going through a rapid evolution, an acceleration of the pace of innovation, a widening of the entrepreneurial ecosystems and the emergence of new players. CNES and the Direction of Space Transportation aim to support this movement, this new dynamic by relying in particular on students and the academic world. In this context of disruptive innovation, CNES, as the driving force behind France\'s space ambitions, has the main objective, through the PERSEUS (Projet Etudiant de Recherche Spatiale Europeen Universitaire et Scientifique) program of the Direction of Space Transportation, to arouse the interest and vocation of the new generation for careers and entrepreneurship in the space sector, by projecting them into a future of discovery, science and technology, but also by raising their awareness of the societal, economic, strategic and political dimensions of space which are more important than ever. The PERSEUS project is organized around the following four objectives, which serve as a reference for the partners involved in the PERSEUS project: ? To develop students\' interest and vocations for the space transportation professions; ? To develop and accompany entrepreneurship in the space transportation; ? To promote the research of innovations and the development of promising technologies, applicable to space transportation systems, carried out by young people, in a university or associative framework; ? Contribute to the communication and influence of CNES. In order to enhance the value of space professions and entrepreneurship, PERSEUS will, among other things, seek to: ? Attract and foster the emergence of talents in the field of space transportation through innovative technical challenges. ? Deploy the ecosystem conducive to the development of vocations for the creation of companies in the space field. In the same logic, an increasingly important part is given to ecodesign. Through its various actions, the PERSEUS program wants to echo the societal concerns to participate fully in the communication and influence of CNES with students and actors in the space sector. The CNES and the PERSEUS project are thus at the service of students in order to help them become game changers. The ambitious ground and flight demonstrator projects implemented in the program and which contribute to the development of innovative technologies are in line with the CNES strategy for space transportation. PERSEUS builds on the achievements of the previous demonstrators, in particular SERA branch, without which it would be impossible to reach future objectives. In the long term, the PERSEUS project aims to launch of a 5km apogee bi-fluid rocket with reuse on the basis of LOX/CH4 propulsion through the DREAM ON challenge. This paper aims at giving an overview of the PERSEUS program as well as the current and next technical challenges the students involved will tackle.
title: Restoring ergodicity of stochastically reset anomalous-diffusion processes
Creators: name: Wang, Wei
name: Cherstvy, Andrey G.
name: Metzler, Ralf
name: Sokolov, Igor
Publisher: name: Universitätsverlag Potsdam
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: How do different reset protocols affect ergodicity of a diffusion process in single-particle-tracking experiments? We here address the problem of resetting of an arbitrary stochastic anomalous-diffusion process (ADP) from the general mathematical points of view and assess ergodicity of such reset ADPs for an arbitrary resetting protocol. The process of stochastic resetting describes the events of the instantaneous restart of a particle’s motion via randomly distributed returns to a preset initial position (or a set of those). The waiting times of such resetting events obey the Poissonian, Gamma, or more generic distributions with specified conditions regarding the existence of moments. Within these general approaches, we derive general analytical results and support them by computer simulations for the behavior of the reset mean-squared displacement (MSD), the new reset increment-MSD (iMSD), and the mean reset time-averaged MSD (TAMSD). For parental nonreset ADPs with the MSD(t)∝ tμ we find a generic behavior and a switch of the short-time growth of the reset iMSD and mean reset TAMSDs from ∝ _μ for subdiffusive to ∝ _1 for superdiffusive reset ADPs. The critical condition for a reset ADP that recovers its ergodicity is found to be more general than that for the nonequilibrium stationary state, where obviously the iMSD and the mean TAMSD are equal. The consideration of the new statistical quantifier, the iMSD—as compared to the standard MSD—restores the ergodicity of an arbitrary reset ADP in all situations when the μth moment of the waiting-time distribution of resetting events is finite. Potential applications of these new resetting results are, inter alia, in the area of biophysical and soft-matter systems.
description: Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe; 1261
The eigencurve over the boundary of weight space
Creators: name: Liu, Ruochuan
name: Wan, Daqing
name: Xiao, Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F33 (primary), 11F85 11S05 (secondary)

description: We prove that the eigencurve associated to a definite quaternion algebra over $\QQ$ satisfies the following properties, as conjectured by Coleman--Mazur and Buzzard--Kilford: (a) over the boundary annuli of weight space, the eigencurve is a disjoint union of (countably) infinitely many connected components each finite and flat over the weight annuli, (b) the $U_p$-slopes of points on each fixed connected component are proportional to the $p$-adic valuations of the parameter on weight space, and (c) the sequence of the slope ratios form a union of finitely many arithmetic progressions with the same common difference. In particular, as a point moves towards the boundary on an irreducible connected component of the eigencurve, the slope converges to zero.
description: 36 pages. Final version, to appear in Duke Math Journal
PAH–DNA Adducts, Cigarette Smoking, GST Polymorphisms, and Breast Cancer Risk
Creators: name: Ambrosone, Christine B.
name: Santella, Regina M.
name: Cleveland, Rebecca J.
name: Eng, Sybil M.
name: Ahn, Jiyoung
name: Steck, Susan E.
name: Neugut, Alfred I.
name: McCarty, Kathleen M.
name: North, Kari
name: Gammon, Marilie D.
name: Sagiv, Sharon K.
name: Teitelbaum, Susan L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: BackgroundPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) may increase breast cancer risk, and the association may be modified by inherited differences in deactivation of PAH intermediates by glutathione S-transferases (GSTs). Few breast cancer studies have investigated the joint effects of multiple GSTs and a PAH biomarker.ObjectiveWe estimated the breast cancer risk associated with multiple polymorphisms in the GST gene (GSTA1, GSTM1, GSTP1, and GSTT1) and the interaction with PAH–DNA adducts and cigarette smoking.MethodsWe conducted unconditional logistic regression using data from a population-based sample of women (cases/controls, respectively): GST polymorphisms were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight assays (n = 926 of 916), PAH–DNA adduct blood levels were measured by competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (n = 873 of 941), and smoking status was assessed by in-person questionnaires (n = 943 of 973).ResultsOdds ratios for joint effects on breast cancer risk among women with at least three variant alleles were 1.56 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.13–2.16] for detectable PAH–DNA adducts and 0.93 (95% CI, 0.56–1.56) for no detectable adducts; corresponding odds ratios for three or more variants were 1.18 (95% CI, 0.82–1.69) for ever smokers and 1.44 (95% CI, 0.97–2.14) for never smokers. Neither interaction was statistically significant (p = 0.43 and 0.62, respectively).ConclusionWe found little statistical evidence that PAHs interacted with GSTT1, GSTM1, GSTP1, and GSTA1 polymorphisms to further increase breast cancer risk.
A generalized truncated logarithm
Creators: name: Avitabile, Marina
name: Mattarei, Sandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 33E50

description: We introduce a generalization $G^{(α)}(X)$ of the truncated logarithm $\mathcal{L}_1(X) = \sum_{k=1}^{p-1}X^k/k$ in characteristic $p$, which depends on a parameter $α$. The main motivation of this study is $G^{(α)}(X)$ being an inverse, in an appropriate sense, of a parametrized generalization of the truncated exponential given by certain Laguerre polynomials. Such Laguerre polynomials play a role in a grading switching technique for non-associative algebras, previously developed by the authors, because they satisfy a weak analogue of the functional equation $\exp(X)\exp(Y)=\exp(X+Y)$ of the exponential series. We also investigate functional equations satisfied by $G^{(α)}(X)$ motivated by known functional equations for $\mathcal{L}_1(X)=-G^{(0)}(X)$.
description: 24 pages
MOESM1 of Chronic nigral neuromodulation aggravates behavioral deficits and synaptic changes in an α-synuclein based rat model for Parkinson’s disease
Creators: name: Torre-Muruzabal, Teresa
name: Devoght, Jens
name: Haute, Chris Van Den
name: Brône, Bert
name: Perren, Anke Van Der
name: Baekelandt, Veerle
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Transduction efficiency of rAAV2/7 α-SYN and rAAV2/8 hM3Dq vector (tagged with mCherry tag) in DN. Figure S2. Chronic neuronal activity modulation in rAAV2/7 GFP vector injected animals does not affect motor behavior or TH+ cell numbers. Figure S3. Complete and uncropped western blots from Fig. 4. Figure S4. Complete and uncropped western blots from Fig. 5.
On toric generators in the unitary and special unitary bordism rings
Creators: name: Lu, Zhi
name: Panov, Taras
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R77 (primary), 14M25 (secondary)

description: We construct a new family of toric manifolds generating the unitary bordism ring. Each manifold in the family is the complex projectivisation of the sum of a line bundle and a trivial bundle over a complex projective space. We also construct a family of special unitary quasitoric manifolds which contains polynomial generators of the special unitary bordism ring with 2 inverted in dimensions >8. Each manifold in the latter family is obtained from an iterated complex projectivisation of a sum of line bundles by amending the complex structure to make the first Chern class vanish.
description: 20 pages, minor changes in this version
Prenatal Bisphenol A Exposure and Early Childhood Behavior
Creators: name: Braun, Joe M.
name: Yolton, Kimberly
name: Ye, Xiaoyun
name: Calafat, Antonia M.
name: Dietrich, Kim N.
name: Hornung, Richard
name: Lanphear, Bruce P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: BackgroundPrenatal exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) increases offspring aggression and diminishes differences in sexually dimorphic behaviors in rodents.ObjectiveWe examined the association between prenatal BPA exposure and behavior in 2-year-old children.MethodsWe used data from 249 mothers and their children in Cincinnati, Ohio (USA). Maternal urine was collected around 16 and 26 weeks of gestation and at birth. BPA concentrations were quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography–isotope-dilution tandem mass spectrometry. Child behavior was assessed at 2 years of age using the second edition of the Behavioral Assessment System for Children (BASC-2). The association between prenatal BPA concentrations and BASC-2 scores was analyzed using linear regression.ResultsMedian BPA concentrations were 1.8 (16 weeks), 1.7 (26 weeks), and 1.3 (birth) ng/mL. Mean (± SD) BASC-2 externalizing and internalizing scores were 47.6 ± 7.8 and 44.8 ± 7.0, respectively. After adjustment for confounders, log10-transformed mean prenatal BPA concentrations were associated with externalizing scores, but only among females [β = 6.0; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.1–12.0]. Compared with 26-week and birth concentrations, BPA concentrations collected around 16 weeks were more strongly associated with externalizing scores among all children (β = 2.9; 95% CI, 0.2–5.7), and this association was stronger in females than in males. Among all children, measurements collected at ≤ 16 weeks showed a stronger association (β = 5.1; 95% CI, 1.5–8.6) with externalizing scores than did measurements taken at 17–21 weeks (β = 0.6; 95% CI, −2.9 to 4.1).ConclusionsThese results suggest that prenatal BPA exposure may be associated with externalizing behaviors in 2-year-old children, especially among female children.
Quasiclassical theory of quantum defect and spectrum of highly excited rubidium atoms
Creators: name: Sanayei, Ali
name: Schopohl, Nils
name: Grimmel, Jens
name: Mack, Markus
name: Karlewski, Florian
name: Fortágh, József
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a significant discrepancy between recently published highly accurate variational calculations and precise measurements of the spectrum of Rydberg states in $^{87}$Rb on the energy scale of fine splitting. Introducing a modified effective single-electron potential we determine the spectrum of the outermost bound electron from a standard WKB approach. Overall very good agreement with precise spectroscopic data is obtained.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, 3 tables
Self-Interference Mitigation in Full-Duplex Systems: Signal Modeling, Rate Optimization, and Application
Creators: name: Islam, Md Atiqul
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Future wireless networks are converging towards a unified communication, sensing, and computing platform with ultra high speed and low latency requirement that calls for optimized co-design of the control and data planes. Full Duplex (FD) communication is proposed as one of the promising wireless candidates to meet such demand due to its inherent capability to enable simultaneous transmission and reception in the same frequency band. However, the fundamental challenge of FD communications is the Self-Interference (SI) signal induced to the Receiver (RX) chains of the FD node by its own Transmitter (TX). This thesis investigates SI mitigation techniques for FD wireless systems employing single-antenna, Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO), and massive MIMO radios. First, we provide comprehensive signal modeling of the FD systems considering practical hardware impairments, which is utilized to devise adaptive digital SI cancellation algorithms based on truncated singular value decomposition and Deep Neural Network architecture. Then, we present a novel unified FD massive MIMO transceiver architecture comprising Analog and Digital (A/D) TX/RX BeamForming (BF) as well as A/D SI cancellation, which are jointly optimized for various performance objectives and complexity requirements. Finally, the application of FD radios in emerging Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) systems is studied for simultaneous radar target sensing and maximized downlink data transmission. We develop novel sensing algorithms capable of estimating the radar targets' Direction of Arrival (DoA), range, and relative velocity. Representative numerical simulations are presented to validate the proposed FD schemes compared to the state-of-the-art techniques.
On the stability of asynchronous Random Access Schemes
Creators: name: Meloni, Alessio
name: Murroni, Maurizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Slotted Aloha-based Random Access (RA) techniques have recently regained attention in light of the use of Interference Cancellation (IC) as a mean to exploit diversity created through the transmission of multiple burst copies per packet content (CRDSA). Subsequently, the same concept has been extended to pure ALOHA-based techniques in order to boost the performance also in case of asynchronous RA schemes. In this paper, throughput as well as packet delay and related stability for asynchronous ALOHA techniques under geometrically distributed retransmissions are analyzed both in case of finite and infinite population size. Moreover, a comparison between pure ALOHA, its evolution (known as CRA) and CRDSA techniques is presented, in order to give a measure of the achievable gain that can be reached in a closed-loop scenario with respect to the previous state of the art.
description: 9th International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference (IWCMC), 2013. Awarded as Best Paper at IWCMC 2013; IEEE proceedings, 2013
Ambient Particulate Matter Air Pollution and Venous Thromboembolism in the Women’s Health Initiative Hormone Therapy Trials
Creators: name: Griffin, Beth Ann
name: Salkowski, Nicholas
name: Eibner, Christine
name: Shih, Regina A.
name: Eaton, Charles B.
name: Margolis, Helene G.
name: Whitsel, Eric A.
name: Bird, Chloe E.
name: Jewell, Adria
name: Cushman, Mary
name: Liao, Duanping
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: BackgroundThe putative effects of postmenopausal hormone therapy on the association between particulate matter (PM) air pollution and venous thromboembolism (VTE) have not been assessed in a randomized trial of hormone therapy, despite its widespread use among postmenopausal women.ObjectiveIn this study, we examined whether hormone therapy modifies the association of PM with VTE risk.MethodsPostmenopausal women 50–79 years of age (n = 26,450) who did not have a history of VTE and who were not taking anticoagulants were enrolled in the Women’s Health Initiative Hormone Therapy trials at 40 geographically diverse U.S. clinical centers. The women were randomized to treatment with estrogen versus placebo (E trial) or to estrogen plus progestin versus placebo (E + P trial). We used age-stratified Cox proportional hazard models to examine the association between time to incident, centrally adjudicated VTE, and daily mean PM concentrations spatially interpolated at geocoded addresses of the participants and averaged over 1, 7, 30, and 365 days.ResultsDuring the follow-up period (mean, 7.7 years), 508 participants (2.0%) had VTEs at a rate of 2.6 events per 1,000 person-years. Unadjusted and covariate-adjusted VTE risk was not associated with concentrations of PM < 2.5 μm (PM2.5) or < 10 μm (PM10)] in aerodynamic diameter and PM × active treatment interactions were not statistically significant (p > 0.05) regardless of PM averaging period, either before or after combining data from both trials [e.g., combined trial-adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) per 10 μg/m3 increase in annual mean PM2.5 and PM10, were 0.93 (0.54–1.60) and 1.05 (0.72–1.53), respectively]. Findings were insensitive to alternative exposure metrics, outcome definitions, time scales, analytic methods, and censoring dates.ConclusionsIn contrast to prior research, our findings provide little evidence of an association between short-term or long-term PM exposure and VTE, or clinically important modification by randomized exposure to exogenous estrogens among postmenopausal women.
A reduced fast component-by-component construction of lattice point sets with small weighted star discrepancy
Creators: name: Kritzinger, Ralph
name: Laimer, Helene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The weighted star discrepancy of point sets appears in the weighted Koksma-Hlawka inequality and thus is a measure for the quality of point sets with respect to their performance in quasi-Monte Carlo algorithms. A special choice of point sets are lattice point sets whose generating vector can be obtained one component at a time such that the resulting lattice point set has a small weighted star discrepancy. In this paper we consider a reduced fast component-by-component algorithm which significantly reduces the construction cost for such generating vectors provided that the weights decrease fast enough.
Ambient PM2.5 Exposure Up-regulates the Expression of Costimulatory Receptors on Circulating Monocytes in Diabetic Individuals
Creators: name: Neas, Lucas M.
name: Harder, Shirley
name: Herbst, Margaret C.
name: Buse, John B.
name: Alexis, Neil E.
name: Diaz-Sanchez, David
name: Cascio, Wayne E.
name: Peters, Annette
name: Schneider, Alexandra
name: Devlin, Robert B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: BackgroundExposure of humans to air pollutants such as ozone and particulate matter (PM) may result in airway and systemic inflammation and altered immune function. One putative mechanism may be through modification of cell-surface costimulatory molecules.ObjectivesWe examined whether changes in expression of costimulatory molecules on circulating cells are associated with ambient levels of fine PM [aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5)] in a susceptible population of diabetic individuals.MethodsTwenty subjects were studied for 4 consecutive days. Daily measurements of PM2.5 and meteorologic data were acquired on the rooftop of the exam site. Circulating cell-surface markers that mediate innate immune and inflammatory responses were assessed by flow cytometry on each day. Sensitivity analysis was conducted on glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) genotype, body mass index, and glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels to determine their role as effect modifiers. Data were analyzed using random effects models adjusting for season, weekday, and meteorology.ResultsWe found significantly increased monocyte expression (mean fluorescent intensity) of CD80, CD40, CD86, HLA-DR, and CD23 per 10-μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 at 2- to 4-day lag times after exposure. These findings were significantly higher in obese individuals, in individuals with HbA1c > 7%, and in participants who were GSTM1 null.ConclusionsExposure to PM2.5 can enhance antigen-presenting cell phenotypes on circulating cells, which may have consequences in the development of allergic or autoimmune diseases. These effects are amplified in diabetic individuals with characteristics that are associated with insulin resistance or with oxidative stress.
An Estimate of the Global Burden of Anthropogenic Ozone and  Fine Particulate Matter on Premature Human Mortality Using  Atmospheric Modeling
Creators: name: Anenberg, Susan C.
name: Horowitz, Larry W.
name: Tong, Daniel Q.
name: West, J. Jason
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: BackgroundGround-level concentrations of ozone (O3) and fine particulate matter [≤ 2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5)] have increased since preindustrial times in urban and rural regions and are associated with cardiovascular and respiratory mortality.ObjectivesWe estimated the global burden of mortality due to O3 and PM2.5 from anthropogenic emissions using global atmospheric chemical transport model simulations of preindustrial and present-day (2000) concentrations to derive exposure estimates.MethodsAttributable mortalities were estimated using health impact functions based on long-term relative risk estimates for O3 and PM2.5 from the epidemiology literature. Using simulated concentrations rather than previous methods based on measurements allows the inclusion of rural areas where measurements are often unavailable and avoids making assumptions for background air pollution.ResultsAnthropogenic O3 was associated with an estimated 0.7 ± 0.3 million respiratory mortalities (6.3 ± 3.0 million years of life lost) annually. Anthropogenic PM2.5 was associated with 3.5 ± 0.9 million cardiopulmonary and 220,000 ± 80,000 lung cancer mortalities (30 ± 7.6 million years of life lost) annually. Mortality estimates were reduced approximately 30% when we assumed low-concentration thresholds of 33.3 ppb for O3 and 5.8 μg/m3 for PM2.5. These estimates were sensitive to concentration thresholds and concentration–mortality relationships, often by > 50%.ConclusionsAnthropogenic O3 and PM2.5 contribute substantially to global premature mortality. PM2.5 mortality estimates are about 50% higher than previous measurement-based estimates based on common assumptions, mainly because of methodologic differences. Specifically, we included rural populations, suggesting higher estimates; however, the coarse resolution of the global atmospheric model may underestimate urban PM2.5 exposures.