cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Health expenditure Australia 2017–18
titleType: Other
Creators: name: Australian Institute Of Health And Welfare
Publisher: name: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare
Year: 2019
Subjects: Health expenditure

description: Regular reporting of national health expenditure is vital to understanding the health system and its relationship to the economy as whole. In 2017–18:•Total health spending was $185.4 billion, equating to $7,485 per person, Health spending increased by 1.2%, which was lower than the decade average of 3.9%, The majority of health spending went on hospitals (40%) and primary health care (34%), Health spending accounted for 10% of overall economic activity.
Quantum Fluctuations of Black Hole Geometry
Creators: name: Nakamura, K.
name: Konno, S.
name: Shiro, Y.
name: Tomimatsu, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By using the minisuperspace model for the interior metric ofstatic black holes, we solve the Wheeler-DeWitt equation to study quantum mechanics of the horizon geometry. Our basic idea is to introduce the gravitational mass and the expansions of null rays as quantum operators. Then, the exact wave function is found as a mass eigenstate, and the radius of the apparent horizon is quantum-mechanically defined. In the evolution of the metric variables, the wave function changes from a WKB solution giving the classical trajectories to a tunneling solution. By virtue of the quantum fluctuations of the metric evolution beyond the WKB approximation, we can observe a static black hole state with the apparent horizon separating from the event horizon.
description: 18 pages, DPNU-93-31
title: ADCO, Septième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661-1665), Cart. 29 (G 134), 996 folios, f. 0553
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: cartulaire
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge

description: Septième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661-1665), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 29 (G 134), 996 folios, f. 0553, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Septième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661-1665), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 29 (G 134), 996 folios, f. 0553, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https://manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye Saint-Étienne de Dijon
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15945019
New places and phases of CO-poor/CI-rich molecular gas in the Universe
Creators: name: Papadopoulos, Padelis P.
name: Bisbas, Thomas G.
name: Zhang, Zhiyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we extend the work on the recently discovered role of Cosmic Rays (CRs) in regulating the average CO/$\rm H_2$ abundance ratio in molecular clouds (and thus their CO line visibility) in starburst galaxies, and find that it can lead to a CO-poor/CI-rich $\rm H_2 $ gas phase even in environments with Galactic or in only modestly enhanced CR backgrounds expected in ordinary star-forming galaxies. Furthermore, the same CR-driven astro-chemistry raises the possibility of a widespread phase transition of molecular gas towards a CO-poor/CI-rich phase in: a) molecular gas outflows found in star-forming galaxies, b) active galactic nuclei (AGNs), and c) near synchrotron-emitting radio jets and the radio-loud cores of powerful radio galaxies. For main sequence galaxies we find that CRs can render some of their molecular gas mass CO-invisible, compounding the effects of low metallicities. Imaging the two fine structure lines of atomic carbon with resolution high enough to search beyond the CI/CO-bright line regions associated with central starbursts can reveal such a CO-poor/CI-rich molecular gas phase, provided that relative brightness sensitivity levels of $T_b$(CI $1-0$)/$T_b$(CO $J=1-0$)$\sim $0.15 are reached. The capability to search for such gas in the Galaxy is now at hand with the new high-frequency survey telescope HEAT deployed in Antarctica and future ones to be deployed in Dome A. ALMA can search for such gas in star-forming spiral disks, galactic molecular gas outflows and the CR-intense galactic and circumgalactic gas-rich environments of radio-loud objects.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, MNRAS accepted
The interaction between growth hormone and the thyroid axis in hypopituitary patients: in vivo and ex vivo studies
Creators: name: Glynn, Nigel
Publisher: name: Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
Year: 2019
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Alterations in the hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis have been reported following growth hormone (GH) replacement. The aim of this study was to examine potential mechanisms responsible for GH-induced changes in the HPT axis. Furthermore, we aimed to explore the relationship between changes in the serum concentration of thyroid hormones and peripheral biomarkers of thyroid hormone action, before and after GH replacement. Twenty men with severe GH deficiency participated in a prospective, observational study of physiological GH replacement. Research measurements were conducted immediately prior to commencing and 3-6 months after GH replacement. Following GH replacement, the ratio of freeT3:freeT4 in serum increased. In subcutaneous fat, Type 2 deiodinase enzyme activity declined. Type 1 and Type 3 deiodinase activity remained unchanged following GH substitution. Serum TSH, thyroglobulin and thyroid binding globulin levels were unchanged by GH therapy. Hepatic-derived serum markers of thyroid hormone action, including ferritin and caeruloplasmin, declined following GH replacement. In contrast, serum markers of bone turnover increased in parallel with changes in serum concentration of thyroid hormones. Resting energy expenditure and cardiac time intervals did not change throughout the study. Health-related quality of life (QOL) improved following GH replacement in the full study group. However, the improvement in QOL was poorer than expected in subjects who experienced a fall in serum free T4. This study confirms the significant impact of GH replacement on the thyroid axis. In vitro analysis of subcutaneous fat from hypopituitary subjects demonstrates that GH replacement is associated with significant changes in deiodinase isoenzyme activity. However, the observed variation in enzyme activity does not explain changes in the circulating concentration of thyroid hormones induced by GH replacement. Notwithstanding the underlying mechanism, changes in the HPT axis, induced by GH replacement, have complex clinical implications for patients with hypopituitarism.
A Study of Clustering Techniques and Hierarchical Matrix Formats for Kernel Ridge Regression
Creators: name: Rebrova, Elizaveta
name: Chavez, Gustavo
name: Liu, Yang
name: Ghysels, Pieter
name: Li, Xiaoye Sherry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present memory-efficient and scalable algorithms for kernel methods used in machine learning. Using hierarchical matrix approximations for the kernel matrix the memory requirements, the number of floating point operations, and the execution time are drastically reduced compared to standard dense linear algebra routines. We consider both the general $\mathcal{H}$ matrix hierarchical format as well as Hierarchically Semi-Separable (HSS) matrices. Furthermore, we investigate the impact of several preprocessing and clustering techniques on the hierarchical matrix compression. Effective clustering of the input leads to a ten-fold increase in efficiency of the compression. The algorithms are implemented using the STRUMPACK solver library. These results confirm that --- with correct tuning of the hyperparameters --- classification using kernel ridge regression with the compressed matrix does not lose prediction accuracy compared to the exact --- not compressed --- kernel matrix and that our approach can be extended to $\mathcal{O}(1M)$ datasets, for which computation with the full kernel matrix becomes prohibitively expensive. We present numerical experiments in a distributed memory environment up to 1,024 processors of the NERSC's Cori supercomputer using well-known datasets to the machine learning community that range from dimension 8 up to 784.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
The ribonuclease activity of Csm6 is required for anti-plasmid immunity by Type III-A CRISPR-Cas systems
Creators: name: Kawanda Foster
name: Kalter, Joshua
name: Woodside, Walter
name: Terns, Rebecca M.
name: Terns, Michael P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: CRISPR-Cas systems provide prokaryotes with RNA-based adaptive immunity against viruses and plasmids. A unique feature of Type III CRISPR-Cas systems is that they selectively target transcriptionally-active invader DNA, and can cleave both the expressed RNA transcripts and source DNA. The Type III-A effector crRNP (CRISPR RNA-Cas protein complex), which contains Cas proteins Csm1-5, recognizes and degrades invader RNA and DNA in a crRNA-guided, manner. Interestingly, Type III-A systems also employ Csm6, an HEPN family ribonuclease that does not stably associate with the Type III-A effector crRNP, but nevertheless contributes to defense via mechanistic details that are still being determined. Here, we investigated the mechanism of action of Csm6 in Type III-A CRISPR-Cas systems from Lactococcus lactis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Streptococcus thermophilus expressed in Escherichia coli. We found that L. lactis and S. epidermidis Csm6 cleave RNA specifically after purines in vitro, similar to the activity reported for S. thermophilus Csm6. Moreover, L. lactis Csm6 functions as a divalent metal-independent, single strand-specific endoribonuclease that depends on the conserved HEPN domain. In vivo, we show that deletion of csm6 or expression of an RNase-defective form of Csm6 disrupts crRNA-dependent loss of plasmid DNA in all three systems expressed in E. coli. Mutations in the Csm1 palm domain, which are known to deactivate Csm6 ribonuclease activity, also prevent plasmid loss in the three systems. The results indicate that Csm6 ribonuclease activity rather than Csm1-mediated DNase activity effects anti-plasmid immunity by the three Type III-A systems investigated.
Do L chondrites come from the Gefion family?
Creators: name: McGraw, Allison M.
name: Reddy, Vishnu
name: Sanchez, Juan A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ordinary chondrites (H, L, and LL chondrites) are the most common type of meteorites comprising 80 per cent of the meteorites that fall on Earth. The source region of these meteorites in the main asteroid belt has been a basis of considerable debate in the small bodies community. L chondrites have been proposed to come from the Gefion asteroid family, based on dynamical models. We present results from our observational campaign to verify a link between the Gefion asteroid family and L chondrite meteorites. Near-infrared spectra of Gefion family asteroids (1839) Ragazza, (2373) Immo, (2386) Nikonov, (2521) Heidi, and (3860) Plovdiv were obtained at the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF). Spectral band parameters including band centres and the band area ratio were measured from each spectrum and used to constrain the composition of these asteroids. Based on our results, we found that some members of the Gefion family have surface composition similar to that of H chondrites, primitive achondrites, and basaltic achondrites. No evidence was found for L chondrites among the Gefion family members in our small sample study. The diversity of compositional types observed in the Gefion asteroid family suggests that the original parent body might be partially differentiated or that the three asteroids with non-ordinary chondrite compositions might be interlopers.
Eliminating fast reactions in stochastic simulations of biochemical networks: a bistable genetic switch
Creators: name: Morelli, M. J.
name: Allen, R. J.
name: Tanase-Nicola, S.
name: Wolde, P. R. ten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In many stochastic simulations of biochemical reaction networks, it is desirable to ``coarse-grain'' the reaction set, removing fast reactions while retaining the correct system dynamics. Various coarse-graining methods have been proposed, but it remains unclear which methods are reliable and which reactions can safely be eliminated. We address these issues for a model gene regulatory network that is particularly sensitive to dynamical fluctuations: a bistable genetic switch. We remove protein-DNA and/or protein-protein association-dissociation reactions from the reaction set, using various coarse-graining strategies. We determine the effects on the steady-state probability distribution function and on the rate of fluctuation-driven switch flipping transitions. We find that protein-protein interactions may be safely eliminated from the reaction set, but protein-DNA interactions may not. We also find that it is important to use the chemical master equation rather than macroscopic rate equations to compute effective propensity functions for the coarse-grained reactions.
description: 46 pages, 5 figures
Analysis of trends in experimental observables and reconstruction of the implosion dynamics for direct-drive cryogenic targets on OMEGA
Creators: name: Bose, A.
name: Betti, R.
name: Mangino, D.
name: Woo, K. M.
name: Patel, D.
name: Christopherson, A. R.
name: Gopalaswamy, V.
name: Mannion, O. M.
name: Regan, S. P.
name: Goncharov, V. N.
name: Edgell, D. H.
name: Forrest, C. J.
name: Frenje, J. A.
name: Johnson, M. Gatu
name: Glebov, V. Yu
name: Igumenshchev, I. V.
name: Knauer, J. P.
name: Marshall, F. J.
name: Radha, P. B.
name: Shah, R.
name: Stoeckl, C.
name: Theobald, W.
name: Sangster, T. C.
name: Shvarts, D.
name: Campbell, E. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper describes a technique for identifying trends in performance degradation for inertial confinement fusion implosion experiments. It is based on reconstruction of the implosion core with a combination of low- and mid-mode asymmetries. This technique was applied to an ensemble of hydro-equivalent deuterium-tritium implosions on OMEGA that achieved inferred hot-spot pressures ~56+/-7 Gbar [S. Regan et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 025001 (2016)]. All the experimental observables pertaining to the core could be reconstructed simultaneously with the same combination of low and mid modes. This suggests that in addition to low modes, that can cause a degradation of the stagnation pressure, mid modes are present that reduce the size of the neuron and x-ray producing volume. The systematic analysis shows that asymmetries can cause an overestimation of the total areal density in these implosions. It is also found that an improvement in implosion symmetry resulting from correction of either the systematic mid or low modes would result in an increase of the hot-spot pressure from 56 Gbar to ~80 Gbar and could produce a burning plasma when the implosion core is extrapolated to an equivalent 1.9 MJ symmetric direct illumination [A. Bose et al., Phys. Rev. E 94, 011201(R) (2016)].
title: UMass ADVANCE Faculty Survey Report: STEM Faculty Experiences by Gender and Caregiving
Creators: name: Mickey, Ethel L.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2020

description: The UMass ADVANCE program is working to ensure greater equity among faculty through the power of collaboration. In this research brief, we describe some of the key findings from our initial survey, conducted in 2018-19. We will conduct the same survey in 2022-23 to measure the impact of our interventions. In this research brief, we focus on patterns among STEM faculty by caregiving status and gender.
The ribonuclease activity of Csm6 is required for anti-plasmid immunity by Type III-A CRISPR-Cas systems
Creators: name: Kawanda Foster
name: Kalter, Joshua
name: Woodside, Walter
name: Terns, Rebecca M.
name: Terns, Michael P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: CRISPR-Cas systems provide prokaryotes with RNA-based adaptive immunity against viruses and plasmids. A unique feature of Type III CRISPR-Cas systems is that they selectively target transcriptionally-active invader DNA, and can cleave both the expressed RNA transcripts and source DNA. The Type III-A effector crRNP (CRISPR RNA-Cas protein complex), which contains Cas proteins Csm1-5, recognizes and degrades invader RNA and DNA in a crRNA-guided, manner. Interestingly, Type III-A systems also employ Csm6, an HEPN family ribonuclease that does not stably associate with the Type III-A effector crRNP, but nevertheless contributes to defense via mechanistic details that are still being determined. Here, we investigated the mechanism of action of Csm6 in Type III-A CRISPR-Cas systems from Lactococcus lactis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Streptococcus thermophilus expressed in Escherichia coli. We found that L. lactis and S. epidermidis Csm6 cleave RNA specifically after purines in vitro, similar to the activity reported for S. thermophilus Csm6. Moreover, L. lactis Csm6 functions as a divalent metal-independent, single strand-specific endoribonuclease that depends on the conserved HEPN domain. In vivo, we show that deletion of csm6 or expression of an RNase-defective form of Csm6 disrupts crRNA-dependent loss of plasmid DNA in all three systems expressed in E. coli. Mutations in the Csm1 palm domain, which are known to deactivate Csm6 ribonuclease activity, also prevent plasmid loss in the three systems. The results indicate that Csm6 ribonuclease activity rather than Csm1-mediated DNase activity effects anti-plasmid immunity by the three Type III-A systems investigated.
Large-amplitude isothermal fluctuations and high-density dark-matter clumps
Creators: name: Kolb, Edward W.
name: Tkachev, Igor I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large-amplitude isothermal fluctuations in the dark matter energy density, parameterized by $Φ\equivδ\rhodm/\rhodm$, are studied within the framework of a spherical collapse model. For $Φ\ga 1$, a fluctuation collapses in the radiation-dominated epoch and produces a dense dark-matter object. The final density of the virialized object is found to be $ρ_F \approx 140\, Φ^3 (Φ+1) \rhoeq$, where $\rhoeq$ is the matter density at equal matter and radiation energy density. This expression is valid for the entire range of possible values of $Φ$, both for $Φ\gg 1$ and $Φ\ll 1$. Some astrophysical consequences of high-density dark-matter clumps are discussed.
description: 15 pages plus 3 figures (included at the end as a uuencoded postscript file), LaTeX, FNAL--PUB--94/055--A
Serpula hartmanae Reish 1968
Creators: name: Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Polychaeta
Sabellida
Serpulidae
Serpula
Serpula hartmanae

description: Serpula cf. hartmanae Reish, 1968 (Figures 11F–K) Serpula hartmanae Reish, 1968: 228–229, figs. 511–16. Type locality: Marshall Islands. Serpula hartmanae.— Imajima and ten Hove, 1984: 36–38, figs. 1a–d, Bikini, Truk, Ponape and Majuro Islands. Material examined. One specimen: Baja California (Mexico), LACM-AHF s.n. (28º52'55"N, 118º17'34"W, south-western tip of Isla Guadalupe, sta. 1519, H46–201, intertidal reef, Aug. 16, 1946, coll. C.L. Hubbs). Diagnosis. Tube white, rough, with two longitudinal ridges and one peristome (Figs 11H–I), lacks alveoli. Specimen missing left branchial lobe. Opercular peduncle smooth, white, with marked constriction. Operculum as a symmetrical funnel, deeper (operculum diameter equal to half its length); funnel with 18 radii with rounded tips (Figs 11F–G). Collar bayonet chaetae with two sharp-short teeth and three additional smaller teeth, distal blade smooth (Fig. 11J). Thorax with hooded (limbate) chaetae (Fig. 11K). Measurements. TL=22.5 mm, THL=2.0 mm, THW=0.6 mm, POL=5.3 mm, OL=1.2 mm, OD=0.6 mm, the radioles of right side are 18. Habitat. Depth: intertidal reef. Distribution. The nominal species is distributed in Western Pacific: Marshall Islands, Solomon Islands, Nouvelle Calédonie, Palau Islands, Truk Islands and Ponape Islands (Imajima & ten Hove 1984). Taxonomic remarks. The specimen agrees with the description of Serpula hartmanae, including the diagnostic bulbous end of the peduncle just below the constriction. Holotype and paratype (USNM 38400, 38401) have 21 and 18 radii respectively; while Imajima and ten Hove (1984) recorded opercula with 11–20 radii. The only difference between the specimen from Isla Guadalupe and tropical specimens of S. hartmanae is the shape of the distal section of the operculum that is not completely opened as in S. hartmanae, however, this maybe is an artefact of fixation. Serpula hartmanae live typically in coral reefs, while Isla Guadalupe is located in a temperate system, with strong upwellings and far from commercial routes of navigation.
description: Published as part of Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando, 2008, Serpulids (Annelida: Polychaeta) from the Eastern Pacific, including a brief mention of Hawaiian serpulids, pp. 1-61 in Zootaxa 1722 on page 46
description: {"references": ["Reish, D. J. (1968) The polychaetous annelids of the Marshall Islands. Pacific Science, 22, 208 - 231.", "Imajima, M. & ten Hove, H. A. (1984) Serpulinae (Annelida, Polychaeta) from the Truk Islands, Ponape and Majuro Atoll, with some other new Indo-Pacific records. Proceedings of the Japanese Society Systematic Zoology, 27, 35 - 66."]}
Collective spin modes of a trapped quantum ferrofluid
Creators: name: Lepoutre, S.
name: Gabardos, L.
name: Kechadi, K.
name: Pedri, P.
name: Gorceix, O.
name: Marechal, E.
name: Vernac, L.
name: Laburthe-Tolra, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the observation of a collective spin mode in a spinor Bose-Einstein condensate. Initially, all spins point perpendicular to the external magnetic field. The lowest energy mode consists in a sinusoidal oscillation of the local spin around its original axis, with an oscillation amplitude that linearly depends on the spatial coordinates. The frequency of the oscillation is set by the zero-point kinetic energy of the BEC. The observations are in excellent agreement with hydrodynamic equations. The observed spin mode has a universal character, independent of the atomic spin and spin-dependent contact interactions.
description: 3 figures
Simulation Studies on Generation, Handling and Transport of laser-accelerated Carbon Ions
Creators: name: Ding, J.
name: Schumacher, D.
name: Jahn, D.
name: Blazevic, A.
name: Roth, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To this day the interaction of high-intensity lasers with matter is considered to be a possible candidate for next generation particle accelerators. Within the LIGHT collaboration crucial work for the merging of a high-intensity laser driven ion source with conventional accelerator technology has been done in the past years. The simulation studies we report about are an important step in providing short and intense mid-Z heavy ion beams for future applications.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, 3rd European Advanced Accelerator Concepts Workshop 2017
Can a strongly interacting Higgs boson rescue SU(5)?
Creators: name: Austern, Matthew H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Renormalization group analyses show that the three running gauge coupling constants of the Standard Model do not become equal at any energy scale. These analyses have not included any effects of the Higgs boson's self-interaction. In this paper, I examine whether these effects can modify this conclusion.
description: 8 pages (plus 4 postscript figures)
Curved non-interacting two-dimensional electron gas with anisotropic mass
Creators: name: Souza, Pedro H.
name: Silva, Edilberto O.
name: Rojas, Moises
name: Filgueiras, Cleverson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the da Costa's thin-layer approach, a quantum particle moving in a 3D sample is confined on a curved thin interface. At the end, the interface effects are ignored and such quantum particle is localized on a curved surface. A geometric potential arises and, since it manifests due to this confinement procedure, it depends on the transverse to the surface mass component. This inspired us to consider, in this paper, the effects due to an anisotropic effective mass on a non-interacting two dimensional electron gas confined on a curved surface, a fact not explored before in this context. By tailoring the mass, many investigations carried out in the literature can be improved which in turns can be useful to better designing electronic systems without modifying the geometry of a given system. Some examples are examined here, as a particle on helicoidal surface, on a cylinder, on a catenoid and on a cone, with some possible applications briefly discussed.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
Fate of Inhomogeneity in Schwarzschild-deSitter Space-time
Creators: name: Nambu, Yasusada
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the global structure of the space time with a spherically symmetric inhomogeneity using a metric junction, and classify all possible types. We found that a motion with a negative gravitational mass is possible although the energy condition of the matter is not violated. Using the result, formation of black hole and worm hole during the inflationary era is discussed.
description: 6pages
Conformal classes of asymptotically flat, static vacuum data
Creators: name: Friedrich, Helmut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that time-reflection symmetric, asymptotically flat, static vacuum data which admit a non-trivial conformal rescaling which leads again to such data must be axi-symmetric and admit a conformal Killing field. Moreover, it is shown that there exists a 3-parameter family of such data.
description: 23 pages
Topological Data Analysis for Object Data
Creators: name: Patrangenaru, Vic
name: Bubenik, Peter
name: Paige, Robert L.
name: Osborne, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Statistical analysis on object data presents many challenges. Basic summaries such as means and variances are difficult to compute. We apply ideas from topology to study object data. We present a framework for using persistence landscapes to vectorize object data and perform statistical analysis. We apply to this pipeline to some biological images that were previously shown to be challenging to study using shape theory. Surprisingly, the most persistent features are shown to be "topological noise" and the statistical analysis depends on the less persistent features which we refer to as the "geometric signal". We also describe the first steps to a new approach to using topology for object data analysis, which applies topology to distributions on object spaces.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures
Abundance of moderate-redshift clusters in the Cold + Hot dark matter model
Creators: name: Jing, Y. P.
name: Fang, L. Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a set of $\pppm$ simulation which accurately treats the density evolution of two components of dark matter, we study the evolution of clusters in the Cold + Hot dark matter (CHDM) model. The mass function, the velocity dispersion function and the temperature function of clusters are calculated for four different epochs of $z\le 0.5$. We also use the simulation data to test the Press-Schechter expression of the halo abundance as a function of the velocity dispersion $σ_v$. The model predictions are in good agreement with the observational data of local cluster abundances ($z=0$). We also tentatively compare the model with the Gunn and his collaborators' observation of rich clusters at $z\approx 0.8$ and with the x-ray luminous clusters at $z\approx 0.5$ of the {\it Einstein} Extended Medium Sensitivity Survey. The important feature of the model is the rapid formation of clusters in the near past: the abundances of clusters of $σ_v\ge 700\kms$ and of $σ_v\ge 1200 \kms$ at $z=0.5$ are only 1/4 and 1/10 respectively of the present values ($z=0$). Ongoing ROSAT and AXAF surveys of distant clusters will provide sensitive tests to the model. The abundance of clusters at $z\approx 0.5$ would also be a good discriminator between the CHDM model and a low-density flat CDM model both of which show very similar clustering properties at $z=0$.
description: 21 pages + 6 figures (uuencoded version of the PS files), Steward Preprints No. 1184
CUPID-0: the first array of enriched scintillating bolometers for 0νββdecay investigations
Creators: name: Azzolini, O.
name: Barrera, M. T.
name: Beeman, J. W.
name: Bellini, F.
name: Beretta, M.
name: Biassoni, M.
name: Brofferio, C.
name: Bucci, C.
name: Canonica, L.
name: Capelli, S.
name: Cardani, L.
name: Carniti, P.
name: Casali, N.
name: Cassina, L.
name: Clemenza, M.
name: Cremonesi, O.
name: Cruciani, A.
name: D'Addabbo, A.
name: Dafinei, I.
name: Di Domizio, S.
name: Ferroni, F.
name: Gironi, L.
name: Giuliani, A.
name: Gorla, P.
name: Gotti, C.
name: Keppel, G.
name: Martinez, M.
name: Morganti, S.
name: Nagorny, S.
name: Nastasi, M.
name: Nisi, S.
name: Nones, C.
name: Orlandi, D.
name: Pagnanini, L.
name: Pallavicini, M.
name: Palmieri, V.
name: Pattavina, L.
name: Pavan, M.
name: Pessina, G.
name: Pettinacci, V.
name: Pirro, S.
name: Pozzi, S.
name: Previtali, E.
name: Puiu, A.
name: Reindl, F.
name: Rusconi, C.
name: Schaeffner, K.
name: Tomei, C.
name: Vignati, M.
name: Zolotarova, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The CUPID-0 detector hosted at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Italy, is the first large array of enriched scintillating cryogenic detectors for the investigation of $^{82}$Se neutrinoless double-beta decay (0$νββ$). CUPID-0 aims at measuring a background index in the region of interest (RoI) for 0$νββ$ at the level of 10$^{-3}$ c/keV/kg/y, the lowest value ever measured using cryogenic detectors. This result can be achieved by a state of the art technology for background suppression and thorough protocols and procedures for detector preparation and construction. In this paper, the different phases of the detector design and construction will be presented, from the material selection (for the absorber production) to the new and innovative detector structure. The successful construction of the detector lead to promising detector performance which are here preliminarily discussed
Technicolor Theories with Negative S
Creators: name: Luty, Markus A.
name: Sundrum, Raman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the pseudo Nambu--Goldstone boson contribution to the Peskin--Takeuchi electroweak parameter $S$ can be negative in a class of technicolor theories. This negative contribution can be large enough to cancel the positive techni-hadron contribution, showing that electroweak precision tests alone cannot be used to rule out technicolor as the mechanism of electroweak symmetry breaking.
description: (LBL-32893, UCB-PTH 92/34, 10 pages; we added a discussion of uncertainties, fine-tuning, and SU(2) asymptotic freedom; the conclusions are unchanged.)
Modulation of apoptosis signalling by proteasome inhibition : a single cell analysis
Creators: name: Laussmann, Maike A.
Publisher: name: Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
Year: 2019
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The proteasome inhibitor bortezomib has been successfully used in cancer therapy. Proteasome inhibition modulates various signalling pathways and causes cell death in cancer cells while sparing normal cells. In this thesis we characterise the apoptotic signalling kinetics and sequential events in response to proteasome inhibition in single cells. We identified a novel non-canonical pathway to apoptosis induction in cells with an inhibited intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Proteasome inhibition promoted the apical activation of caspase-8 in these cells. For the first time we demonstrated that autophagy induction in response to proteasome inhibition is critical for caspase-8 activation. Caspase-8 activation resulted in limited apoptosis, which can be further increased by antagonism of the endogenous caspase inhibitor XIAP. Therefore our findings provide an alternative treatment strategy to restore apoptosis susceptibility in highly resistant cancer cells. Proteasome inhibitors have also been used to re-sensitise resistant cancer cells to TRAIL treatment. Since no kinetic data from single cells are available yet, it is not known whether, when and where the intracellular signalling kinetics of TRAIL-induced apoptosis are affected by proteasome inhibition. We therefore quantified the signalling kinetics of TRAIL-induced apoptosis in response to proteasome inhibition in single cells. Depending on the TRAIL concentration we found two modulation sites, which interfered with TRAIL signalling kinetics upon proteasome inhibition: caspase-8 activation at low doses and the threshold for mitochondria1 permeabilisation at high doses. Our results suggest that upregulation of cFLIP and Mcl-1 by impaired protein degradation were responsible for delayed caspase-8 activation and prolonged caspase-8 activation before MOMP, respectively. Our findings therefore indicate that the synergy between TRAIL and proteasome inhibition is probably based on the stabilisation of active caspases rather than enhanced DISC formation, as is often proposed in the literature.
ISM equation of state and PVTx profile of polymer solutions
Creators: name: Hosseini, Sayed Mostafa
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: An analytical equation of state (EoS) has been previously employed to predict the volumetric profile of several molten polymers. The appearing temperature-dependent parameters in the EoS were determined using corresponding states correlations based on the molecular scaling constants, dispersive energy parameters between segments/monomers (ε) and segment diameter (σ). In this study, that EoS was extended to several copolymer melts for predicting their specific volumes and some mechanical coefficients. The ability of the EoS has been evaluated by comparing the results with 738 literature data points for the specific volumes of four copolymer melts over the temperature range from 422.35 to 506 K and pressures up to 200 MPa. The average absolute deviation (AAD) of the calculated specific volumes from literature data was found to be 1.12%. The EoS was also extended to predict PVTx behaviour of seven polymer solutions involving molecular solvents such as water, anisole, 1-octanol and propane by the use of some operating interaction parameter between polymer-solvent molecules. Our calculations on the PVTx profile of studied solutions predicted 1212 experimental data points over the pressure range within 0.1–50 MPa with the AAD equal to 0.96%.
Quantum Entangled Dark Solitons Formed by Ultracold Atoms in Optical Lattices
Creators: name: Mishmash, R. V.
name: Carr, L. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inspired by experiments on Bose-Einstein condensates in optical lattices, we study the quantum evolution of dark soliton initial conditions in the context of the Bose-Hubbard Hamiltonian. An extensive set of quantum measures is utilized in our analysis, including von Neumann and generalized quantum entropies, quantum depletion, and the pair correlation function. We find that quantum effects cause the soliton to fill in. Moreover, soliton-soliton collisions become inelastic, in strong contrast to the predictions of mean-field theory. These features show that the lifetime and collision properties of dark solitons in optical lattices provide clear signals of quantum effects.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures; version appearing in PRL, only minor changes from v3
Magnification Bias in Galactic Microlensing Searches
Creators: name: Nemiroff, Robert J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that a significant amount of detectable gravitational microlensing events that could potentially be found by MAssively Parallel Photometry (MAPP) projects (such as the MACHO, EROS and OGLE collaborations) will occur for stars too dim to be easily noticed individually by these projects. This is the result of a large magnification bias effect, a bias of including high magnification events in any flux-limited sample. The probability of detecting these events may be as high as 2.3 times the lensing probability of stars currently being monitored by MAPP collaborations.
description: in press: ApJ, no figures
Promoting single-file DNA translocations through nanopores using electroosmotic flow
Creators: name: Ermann, Niklas
name: Hanikel, Nikita
name: Wang, Vivian
name: Chen, Kaikai
name: Keyser, Ulrich F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Double-stranded DNA translocates through sufficiently large nanopores either in a linear, single-file fashion or in a folded hairpin conformation when captured somewhere along its length. We show that the folding state of DNA can be controlled by changing the electrolyte concentration, pH and PEG content of the measurement buffer. At 1 M LiCl or 0.35 M KCl in neutral pH, single-file translocations make up more than 90% of the total. We attribute the effect to the onset of electroosmotic flow from the pore at low ionic strength. Our hypothesis on the critical role of flows is supported by the preferred orientation of entry of a strand that has been folded into a multi-helix structure at one end. Control over DNA folding is critical for nanopore sensing approaches that use modifications along a DNA strand and the associated secondary current drops to encode information.
Characterisation of calpain activation in response to excitotoxic events in primary neurons
Creators: name: D'Orsi, Beatrice
Publisher: name: Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
Year: 2019
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Excitotoxicity resulting from excessive Ca²+ influx through glutamate receptors contributes to neuronal injury after stroke, trauma, and seizures. Increased cytosolic Ca²+ levels activate a family of calcium-dependent proteases with papain-like activity, the calpains. Here we investigated the role of calpain activation during NMDA-induced excitotoxic injury in embryonic (E16-E18) murine cortical neurons that underwent either: (i) excitotoxic necrosis, characterized by immediate deregulation of Ca²+ homeostasis, a persistent depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential (Ay/m), and insensitivity to bax-gene deletion; (ii) excitotoxic apoptosis, characterized by recovery of NMDA-induced cytosolic Ca²+ increases, sensitivity to bax gene deletion, and delayed Ai//m depolarization and Ca²+ deregulation; or (iii) that were tolerant to excitotoxic injury. Interestingly, treatment with the calpain inhibitor calpeptin, overexpression of the endogenous calpain inhibitor calpastatin, or gene silencing of calpain protected neurons against excitotoxic apoptosis, but did not influence excitotoxic nccrosis. Calpeptin failed to exert a protective effect in oax-deficient neurons, but protected bid- and e/'m-deficient neurons similarly to wild-type cells. To identify when calpains became activated during excitotoxic apoptosis, we monitored calpain activation dynamics by time-lapse fluorescence microscopy, using a calpain-sensitive Forster resonance energy transfer probe. We observed a delayed calpain activation that occurred downstream of mitochondrial engagement and directly preceded neuronal death. In contrast, we could not detect significant calpain activity during excitotoxic necrosis or in neurons that were tolerant to excitotoxic injuiy. Oxygen/glucose deprivationinduced injury in organotypic hippocampal slice cultures confirmed that calpains were specifically activated during .ax-dependent apoptosis and in this setting function as downstream cell death executioners. Lastly, box gene deletion prevented NMDA-induced alterations to Ay/m, hyperpolarisation and depolarisation were notably diminished, and affected neuronal calcium handling, resulting in increased neuronal survival.
Ameliorative Influence of Dietary Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) Seeds and Onion (Allium cepa) on Eye Lens Abnormalities via Modulation of Crystallin Proteins and Polyol Pathway in Experimental Diabetes
Creators: name: Seetur R. Pradeep
name: Krishnapura Srinivasan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Computational Biology

description: Purpose and Methods: Hyperglycemia-induced osmotic and oxidative stress is thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes-related secondary complications including cataract. In continuation of our previous observation of the ameliorative influence of these spices on hyperglycemia, attendant metabolic abnormalities, and oxidative stress in tissues of diabetic rats, the beneficial influence of dietary (10%) fenugreek seeds, (3%) onion, or their combination was investigated on diabetes-induced alteration in the eye lens of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Results: Animals maintained on these spices showed significantly countered oxidative stress markers (reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl), advanced glycation end products, and expression of their receptor in the eye lens. Increased activity of polyol pathway enzymes, their protein, and mRNA expression was significantly countered in the cataractogenic lens as a result of these dietary interventions. Altered crystallin (αA and αB) distribution profile, their expression, activity of carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes, and antioxidant status were significantly annulled by these dietary treatments. Physical and visual observation of the photomicrographs of the lenses of treated rats indicated that these dietary interventions delayed cataractogenesis in diabetic rats. Conclusions: Overall, the present investigation evidenced a beneficial modulation of the progression of cataractogenesis by dietary fenugreek seeds and onion, implicating their potential in ameliorating cataract in diabetics.
Additional Boundary Condition for a Wire Medium Connected to a Metallic Surface
Creators: name: Silveirinha, Mario G.
name: Fernandes, Carlos A.
name: Costa, Jorge R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we demonstrate that the interaction of electromagnetic waves with a microstructured material formed by metallic wires connected to a metallic surface can be described using homogenization methods provided an additional boundary condition is considered. The additional boundary condition is derived by taking into account the specific microstructure of the wire medium. To illustrate the application of the result, we characterize a substrate formed by an array of tilted metallic wires connected to a ground plane, demonstrating that in such configuration the wire medium behaves essentially as a material with extreme optical anisotropy and that in some circumstances the substrate can be seen as an impedance surface.
description: 26 pages; under review
Polarized fermions in one dimension: density and polarization from complex Langevin calculations, perturbation theory, and the virial expansion
Creators: name: Loheac, Andrew C.
name: Braun, Jens
name: Drut, Joaquín E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the finite-temperature density and polarization equations of state of one-dimensional fermions with a zero-range interaction, considering both attractive and repulsive regimes. In the path-integral formulation of the grand-canonical ensemble, a finite chemical potential asymmetry makes these systems intractable for standard Monte Carlo approaches due to the sign problem. Although the latter can be removed in one spatial dimension, we consider the one-dimensional situation in the present work to provide an efficient test for studies of the higher-dimensional counterparts. To overcome the sign problem, we use the complex Langevin approach, which we compare here with other approaches: imaginary-polarization studies, third-order perturbation theory, and the third-order virial expansion. We find very good qualitative and quantitative agreement across all methods in the regimes studied, which supports their validity.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures