cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Behavior Trees in Action: A Study of Robotics Applications
Creators: name: Ghzouli, Razan
name: Berger, Thorsten
name: Johnsen, Einar Broch
name: Dragule, Swaib
name: Wąsowski, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Autonomous robots combine a variety of skills to form increasingly complex behaviors called missions. While the skills are often programmed at a relatively low level of abstraction, their coordination is architecturally separated and often expressed in higher-level languages or frameworks. Recently, the language of Behavior Trees gained attention among roboticists for this reason. Originally designed for computer games to model autonomous actors, Behavior Trees offer an extensible tree-based representation of missions. However, even though, several implementations of the language are in use, little is known about its usage and scope in the real world. How do behavior trees relate to traditional languages for describing behavior? How are behavior tree concepts used in applications? What are the benefits of using them? We present a study of the key language concepts in Behavior Trees and their use in real-world robotic applications. We identify behavior tree languages and compare their semantics to the most well-known behavior modeling languages: state and activity diagrams. We mine open source repositories for robotics applications that use the language and analyze this usage. We find that Behavior Trees are a pragmatic language, not fully specified, allowing projects to extend it even for just one model. Behavior trees clearly resemble the models-at-runtime paradigm. We contribute a dataset of real-world behavior models, hoping to inspire the community to use and further develop this language, associated tools, and analysis techniques.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, 13rd ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Software Language Engineering (SLE) (SLE 2020)
Two-dimensional pauli equation in noncommutative phase-space
Creators: name: Haouam, Ilyas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigated the Pauli equation in a two-dimensional noncommutative phase-space by considering a constant magnetic field perpendicular to the plane. We mapped the noncommutative problem to the equivalent commutative one through a set of two-dimensional Bopp-shift transformation. The energy spectrum and the wave function of the two-dimensional noncommutative Pauli equation are found, where the problem in question has been mapped to the Landau problem. Further, within the classical limit, we have derived the noncommutative semi-classical partition function of the two-dimensional Pauli system of one-particle and N-particle systems. Consequently, we have studied its thermodynamic properties, i.e. the Helmholtz free energy, mean energy, specific heat and entropy in noncommutative and commutative phase-spaces. The impact of the phase-space noncommutativity on the Pauli system is successfully examined.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2006.00881
Convolutional Neural Nets in Chemical Engineering: Foundations, Computations, and Applications
Creators: name: Jiang, Shengli
name: Zavala, Victor M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we review the mathematical foundations of convolutional neural nets (CNNs) with the goals of: i) highlighting connections with techniques from statistics, signal processing, linear algebra, differential equations, and optimization, ii) demystifying underlying computations, and iii) identifying new types of applications. CNNs are powerful machine learning models that highlight features from grid data to make predictions (regression and classification). The grid data object can be represented as vectors (in 1D), matrices (in 2D), or tensors (in 3D or higher dimensions) and can incorporate multiple channels (thus providing high flexibility in the input data representation). CNNs highlight features from the grid data by performing convolution operations with different types of operators. The operators highlight different types of features (e.g., patterns, gradients, geometrical features) and are learned by using optimization techniques. In other words, CNNs seek to identify optimal operators that best map the input data to the output data. A common misconception is that CNNs are only capable of processing image or video data but their application scope is much wider; specifically, datasets encountered in diverse applications can be expressed as grid data. Here, we show how to apply CNNs to new types of applications such as optimal control, flow cytometry, multivariate process monitoring, and molecular simulations.
Formation of Binary Black Holes Similar to GW190521 with a Total Mass of $\sim 150\,M_{\odot}$ from Population III Binary Star Evolution
Creators: name: Kinugawa, Tomoya
name: Nakamura, Takashi
name: Nakano, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the case of zero-metal (population III or Pop III) stars, we show that the total mass of binary black holes from binary Pop III star evolution can be $\sim 150 \,M_{\odot}$, which agrees with the mass of the binary black hole GW190521 recently discovered by LIGO/Virgo. The event rate of such binary black hole mergers is estimated as 0.13--0.66$~(ρ_{\rm SFR}/(6\times10^5~M_{\odot}/{\rm Mpc}^3))~Err_{\rm sys}~{\rm yr^{-1}~Gpc^{-3}}$, where $ρ_{\rm SFR}$ and $Err_{\rm sys}$ are the cumulative comoving mass density of Pop III stars depending on star formation rate and the systematic errors depending on uncertainties in the Pop III binary parameters, respectively. The event rate in our fiducial model with $ρ_{\rm SFR}=6\times10^5~M_{\odot}/{\rm Mpc}^3$ and $ Err_{\rm sys}=1$ is 0.13--0.66$~{\rm yr^{-1}~Gpc^{-3}}$, which is consistent with the observed value of 0.02--0.43$~{\rm yr^{-1}~Gpc^{-3}}$.
description: accepted by MNRAS Letter. comments welcome
Modeling the trophic transfer of beta radioactivity in the marine food web of Enewetak atoll, Micronesia
Creators: name: Dalsgaard, Anne Johanne Tang
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: An approach for modeling the trophic transfer of beta radioactivity within the marine food web of Enewetak Atoll, Micronesia, Central Pacific is described. From 1948 to 1958 this atoll was used by the US military for testing of nuclear weapons while monitoring the impact on the ecosystem. In parallel to these military operations, a marine laboratory was operating on the atoll, hosting a wealth of scientists performing basic research. Probably the most renowned study was carried out by H.T. Odum and E.P. Odum in 1954, who examined the trophic structure of the windward reef community and its productivity per unit area. Based on this study and on the vast amount of scientific literature on the atoll, a mass-balance trophic model of the windward reef was constructed, based on the Ecopath modeling software. Ecopath uses as its basic inputs the biomass, production/biomass, and food consumption rates of the various functional groups in the ecosystem, along with a diet matrix. Based on these inputs it estimates the flow of biomass between the functional groups and presents the corresponding predation mortalities in a matrix where the columns represent the intake of, and the rows the losses of, biomass from the groups. A set of first-order differential equations, relating the intake and loss of biomass to the amounts of radioactivity in the groups, was then set up. The equations were integrated over time and calibrated by minimizing the sum of squared deviations between the observed and predicted levels of radioactivity, thus mapping the transfer of radioactivity onto the transfer of biomass. The original food web / mass-balance model, which was constructed without reference to the data on radioactivity, was subsequently re-calibrated to achieve a match between the food web and the radioactivity data. The results predict that there is a time lag between the observed maximum o f radioactivity and the trophic position of the groups, and that beta radioactivity is not bioaccumulated up through the food web. Finally, suggestions on how to incorporate the approach as a general routine into the Ecopath software are given.
SFQ bias for SFQ digital circuits
Creators: name: Semenov, Vasili K.
name: Golden, Evan B.
name: Tolpygo, Sergey K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconductor electronics fabrication technology developed at MIT Lincoln Laboratory enables the development of VLSI digital circuits with millions of Josephson junctions per square centimeter. However, conventional DC and multi-phase AC biasing techniques already encounter serious challenges for scaling circuits above several hundred thousand junctions. In this work, we propose a novel AC-based biasing scheme for RSFQ-type logic families requiring DC bias. The major step toward this scheme is a superconducting AC/DC rectifier which we introduced at ASC 2014. Initially, we proposed to connect the rectifiers to 'payload cells' via superconducting inductors with large inductance in order to reduce parasitic effects of flux quantization. Recently, we discovered that this powering scheme works even better at a much lower value of the inductance, when it is just sufficient to hold only one or two flux quanta in the inductive loop between the converter and the payload. In this case, flux quantization in the loop becomes beneficial because the value of current fed into the payload is defined by the value of the coupling inductance. Therefore, our AC/SFQ converter powers the payload cell by a single flux quantum rather than by DC current. Such mode of operation is extremely energy efficient because the energy is used only to recover flux quantum consumed by the cell during the logic operation. We present designs of AC/SFQ converters comprising an AC/DC rectifier and a current conditioning circuit which we termed an SFQ filter. We also present test results and demonstrate AC/SFQ powering a payload circuit using circuits fabricated in a new, 150-nm node of Lincoln Laboratory fabrication technology using self-shunted Nb/AlOx-Al/Nb Josephson junctions with 600 $μ$A/$μ$$m^2$ critical current density and 200 nm minimum linewidth of inductors.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures, 24 references. Presented at Applied Superconductivity Virtual Conference, ASC 2020, 24 October - 7 November 2020, https://ascinc.org
Extraction of the KK-bar isovector scattering length from pp -> d K^+ K-bar^0 data near threshold
Creators: name: Lemmer, R. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The results of a recent experiment measuring the reaction pp -> dK^+ \bar K^0 near threshold are interpreted in terms of a spectator model that encapsulates the main features of the observed K^+ \bar K^0 invariant mass distribution. A chi^2 fit to this data leads to an imaginary part of the isovector scattering length in the K \bar K channel of Im(a_1) = -(0.63 \pm 0.24) fm. We then use the Flatte representation of the scattering amplitude to infer a value Re(a_1) = -(0.02 \pm 0.02) fm for the real part under the assumption that scaling is approximately satisfied. We show further that it is not possible to exclude the effects of π^+ηto K^+ \bar K^0 channel coupling within the context of our model.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, 1 table
Complex hyperplane arrangements
Creators: name: Falk, Michael
name: Suciu, Alexander I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52C35; 14M12, 14N20, 16E05, 16S37, 20F14, 55P62

description: This is a slightly revised version (with references added in) of a survey article which appeared in the Spring 2005 edition of the MSRI newsletter, the Emissary. The article describes some of the themes from the Fall 2004 MSRI program on Hyperplane Arrangements and Applications.
description: 6 pages
Urban, Hans Jörg, Wagner, Harald: Handbuch der Ökumenik, Band I
Creators: name: Gaese, Heino
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 35 Nr. 3 (1986): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 35, Heft 3
Large deviations at level 2.5 for Markovian open quantum systems: quantum jumps and quantum state diffusion
Creators: name: Carollo, Federico
name: Garrahan, Juan P.
name: Jack, Robert L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider quantum stochastic processes and discuss a level 2.5 large deviation formalism providing an explicit and complete characterisation of fluctuations of time-averaged quantities, in the large-time limit. We analyse two classes of quantum stochastic dynamics, within this framework. The first class consists of the quantum jump trajectories related to photon detection; the second is quantum state diffusion related to homodyne detection. For both processes, we present the level 2.5 functional starting from the corresponding quantum stochastic Schrödinger equation and we discuss connections of these functionals to optimal control theory.
description: 45 pages, 4 figures
A study of the HI gas fractions of galaxies at z ~ 1
Creators: name: Zhang, Wei
name: Kauffmann, Guinevere
name: Wang, Jing
name: Chen, Yanmei
name: Fu, Jian
name: Wu, Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Due to the fact that HI mass measurements are not available for large galaxy samples at high redshifts, we apply a photometric estimator of the HI-to-stellar mass ratio (M_HI/M_*) calibrated using a local Universe sample of galaxies to a sample of galaxies at z ~ 1 in the DEEP2 survey. We use these HI mass estimates to calculate HI mass functions (HIMFs) and cosmic HI mass densities (Omega_HI), and to examine the correlation between star formation rate and HI gas content, for galaxies at z ~ 1. We have estimated HI gas masses for ~ 7,000 galaxies in the DEEP2 survey with redshifts in the range 0.75 < z < 1.4 and stellar masses M_* > 10^{10} M_solar, using a combination of the rest-frame ultraviolet-optical colour (NUV - r) and stellar mass density (mu_*) as a way to estimate M_HI/M_*. It is found that the high mass end of high-z HI mass function (HIMF) is quite similar to that of the local HIMF. The lower limit of Omega_HI,limit = 2.1 * 10^{-4} h_70^{-1}, obtained by directly integrating the HI mass of galaxies with M_* > 10^{10} M_solar, confirms that massive star-forming galaxies do not dominate the neutral gas at z ~ 1. We study the evolution of the HI mass to stellar mass ratio from z ~ 1 to today and find a steeper relation between HI gas mass fraction and stellar mass at higher redshifts. Specifically, galaxies with M_* = 10^{11} M_solar at z ~ 1 are found to have 3 - 4 times higher neutral gas fractions than local galaxies, while the increase is as high as 4 - 12 times at M_* = 10^{10} M_solar. The quantity M_HI/SFR exhibits very large scatter, and the scatter increases from a factor of 5 - 7 at z = 0 to factors close to a hundred at z = 1. This implies that there is no relation between HI gas and star formation in high redshift galaxies. The HI gas must be linked to cosmological gas accretion processes at high redshifts.
description: 10 pages, 13 figures, A&A accepted
Dirac electrons in the square lattice Hubbard model with a $d$-wave pairing field: chiral Heisenberg universality class revisited
Creators: name: Otsuka, Yuichi
name: Seki, Kazuhiro
name: Sorella, Sandro
name: Yunoki, Seiji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically investigate the quantum criticality of the chiral Heisenberg universality class with the total number of fermion components $N$=8 in terms of the Gross-Neveu theory. Auxiliary-field quantum Monte Carlo simulations are performed for the square lattice Hubbard model in the presence of a $d$-wave pairing field, inducing Dirac cones in the single particle spectrum. This property makes the model particularly interesting because it turns out to belong to the same universality class of the Hubbard model on the honeycomb lattice, that is the canonical model for graphene, despite the unit cells being apparently different (e.g. they contain one and two sites, respectively). We indeed show that the two phase transitions, expected to occur on the square and on the honeycomb lattices, have the same quantum criticality. We also argue that details of the models, i.e., the way of counting $N$ and the anisotropy of the Dirac cones, do not change the critical exponents. The present estimates of the exponents for the $N$=8 chiral Heisenberg universality class are $ν$=1.05(5), $η_ϕ$=0.75(4), and $η_ψ$=0.23(4), which are compared with the previous numerical estimations.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures
On the relation between ADM and Bondi energy-momenta - radiative spatial infinity
Creators: name: Huang, Wen-ling
name: Zhang, Xiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In a vacuum spacetime equips with the Bondi's radiating metric which is asymptotically flat at spatial infinity including gravitational radiation ({\bf Condition D}), we establish the relation between the ADM total linear momentum and the Bondi momentum. The relation between the ADM total energy and the Bondi mass in this case was established earlier in [12].
description: 13 pages; appendix added for an addendum to [12]
Circular Polarization of Gravitational Waves from Early-Universe Helical Turbulence
Creators: name: Kahniashvili, Tina
name: Brandenburg, Axel
name: Gogoberidze, Grigol
name: Mandal, Sayan
name: Pol, Alberto Roper
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform direct numerical simulations to compute the net circular polarization of gravitational waves from helical (chiral) turbulent sources in the early Universe for a variety of initial conditions, including driven (stationary) and decaying turbulence. We investigate the resulting gravitational wave signal assuming different turbulent geneses such as magnetically or kinetically driven cases. Under realistic physical conditions in the early Universe we compute numerically the wave number-dependent polarization degree of the gravitational waves. We find that the spectral polarization degree strongly depends on the initial conditions. The peak of the spectral polarization degree occurs at twice the typical wavenumber of the source, as expected, and for fully helical decaying turbulence, it reaches its maximum of nearly 100\% {\it only} at the peak. We determine the temporal evolution of the turbulent sources as well as the resulting gravitational waves, showing that the dominant contribution to their spectral energy density happens shortly after the activation of the source. Only through an artificially prolonged decay of the turbulence can further increase of the gravitational wave amplitude be achieved. We estimate the detection prospects for the net polarization, arguing that its detection contains {\it clean} information (including the generation mechanisms, time, and strength) about the sources of possible parity violations in the early Universe.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures; discussions added; references updated and added; conclusions unchanged; Phys. Rev. Research in press
Absorption of infra-red radiation by atmospheric molecular cluster-ions
Creators: name: Aplin, K. L.
name: McPheat, R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Protonated water clusters are a common species of atmospheric molecular cluster-ion, produced by cosmic rays throughout the troposphere and stratosphere. Under clear-sky conditions or periods of increased atmospheric ionisation, such as solar proton events, the IR absorption by atmospheric ions may affect climate through the radiative balance. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry in a long path cell, of path length 545m, has been used to detect IR absorption by corona-generated positive molecular cluster-ions. The column concentration of ions in the laboratory spectroscopy experiment was estimated to be ~10^13 m-2; the column concentration of protonated atmospheric ions estimated using a simple model is ~10^14 m-2. Two regions of absorption, at 12.3 and 9.1 um are associated with enhanced ion concentrations. After filtering of the measured spectra to compensate for spurious signals from neutral water vapour and residual carbon dioxide, the strongest absorption region is at 9.5 to 8.8 um (1050 to 1140 cm-1) with a fractional change in transmissivity of 0.03 plus/minus 0.015, and the absorption at 12.5 to 12.1 um (800 to 825 cm-1) is 0.015 plus/minus 0.008.
description: In press at Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics
The Excited Scalars of the Universal Extra Dimension Model
Creators: name: Bhattacherjee, Biplob
name: Kundu, Anirban
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the minimal Universal Extra Dimension (mUED) model, there are four physical scalar particles at the n=1 level, two charged and two neutral. Due to the almost degenerate nature of the spectrum, the detection of these scalars is a major challenge, perhaps the greatest experimental challenge if UED-type new physics is observed at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). We explore the possibility of detecting these particles at the International Linear Collider (ILC), and emphasise the need of having an excellent soft tau detection efficiency.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures: minor changes from v1, version to be published
Using Food Labels to Follow the Dietary Guidelines for Americans: A Reference
Creators: name: Saltos, Etta
name: Davis, Carole
name: Welsh, Susan
name: Guthrie, Joanne
name: Tamaki, Junko
name: Saltos, Etta
name: Davis, Carole
name: Welsh, Susan
name: Guthrie, Joanne
name: Tamaki, Junko
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: USDA has produced this report as part of the nutrition education campaign accompanying the introduction of new food labels. It is designed to be used as a reference by cooperative extension staff, food editors, educators, public relations professionals, and other professionals who write for consumers.
Self-gravitating Vector Dark Matter
Creators: name: Adshead, Peter
name: Lozanov, Kaloian D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the non-relativistic limit of a massive vector field. We show that the Cartesian spatial components of the vector behave as three identical, non-interacting scalar fields. We find classes of spherical, cylindrical, and planar self-gravitating vector solitons in the Newtonian limit. The gravitational properties of the lowest-energy vector solitons$\mathrm{-}$the gravitational potential and density field$\mathrm{-}$depend only on the net mass of the soliton and the vector particle mass. In particular, these self-gravitating, ground-state vector solitons are independent of the distribution of energy across the vector field components, and are indistinguishable from their scalar-field counterparts. Fuzzy Vector Dark Matter models can therefore give rise to halo cores with identical observational properties to the ones in scalar Fuzzy Dark Matter models. We also provide novel hedgehog vector soliton solutions, which cannot be observed in scalar-field theories. The gravitational binding of the lowest-energy hedgehog halo is about three times weaker than the ground-state vector soliton. Finally, we show that no spherically symmetric solitons exist with a divergence-free vector field.
description: 15 pages (9+6), 5 figures; matches published version
Helium condensation in aerogel: avalanches and disorder-induced phase transition
Creators: name: Detcheverry, F.
name: Kierlik, E.
name: Rosinberg, M. L.
name: Tarjus, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed numerical study of the elementary condensation events (avalanches) associated to the adsorption of $^4$He in silica aerogels. We use a coarse-grained lattice-gas description and determine the nonequilibrium behavior of the adsorbed gas within a local mean-field analysis, neglecting thermal fluctuations and activated processes. We investigate the statistical properties of the avalanches, such as their number, size and shape along the adsorption isotherms as a function of gel porosity, temperature, and chemical potential. Our calculations predict the existence of a line of critical points in the temperature-porosity diagram where the avalanche size distribution displays a power-law behavior and the adsorption isotherms have a universal scaling form. The estimated critical exponents seem compatible with those of the field-driven Random Field Ising Model at zero temperature.
description: 16 pages, 14 figures
Comparing the luminosity distance for gravitational waves and electromagnetic signals in a simple model of quadratic gravity
Creators: name: Fanizza, G.
name: Franchini, G.
name: Gasperini, M.
name: Tedesco, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the modified friction coefficient controlling the propagation of tensor metric perturbations in the context of a generalized cosmological scenario based on a theory of gravity with quadratic curvature corrections. In such a context we discuss the differences between gravitational and electromagnetic luminosity distance, as well as the differences with the standard results based on the Einstein equations. We present numerical estimates of the modified luminosity distance on the cosmic redshift scale typical of Supernovae and standard sirens.
description: 21 pages, 4 figures, published in General Relativity and Gravitation
Frictional anisotropy of 3D-printed fault surfaces
Creators: name: Vincent-Dospital, Tom
name: Steyer, Alain
name: Renard, François
name: Toussaint, Renaud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The surface morphology of faults controls the spatial anisotropy of their frictional properties, and hence their mechanical stability. Such anisotropy is only rarely studied in seismology models of fault slip, although it might be paramount to understand the seismic rupture in particular areas, notably where slip occurs in a direction different from that of the main striations of the fault. To quantify how the anisotropy of fault surfaces affects the friction coefficient during sliding, we sheared synthetic fault planes made of plaster of Paris. These fault planes were produced by 3D-printing real striated fault surfaces whose 3D roughness was measured in the field at spatial scales from millimeters to meters. Here, we show how the 3D-printing technology can help for the study of frictional slip. Results show that fault anisotropy controls the coefficient of static friction, with the friction coefficient along the striations being three to four times smaller than the friction coefficient along the direction perpendicular to the striations. This is true both at the meter and the millimeter scales. The anisotropy in friction and the average coefficient of static friction are also shown to decrease with the normal stress applied to the faults, as a result of the increased surface wear under increased loading.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures
Relativistic Bondi accretion for stiff equations of state
Creators: name: Richards, Chloe B.
name: Baumgarte, Thomas W.
name: Shapiro, Stuart L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit Bondi accretion - steady-state, adiabatic, spherical gas flow onto a Schwarzschild black hole at rest in an asymptotically homogeneous medium - for stiff polytropic equations of state (EOSs) with adiabatic indices $Γ> 5/3$. A general relativistic treatment is required to determine their accretion rates, for which we provide exact expressions. We discuss several qualitative differences between results for soft and stiff EOSs - including the appearance of a minimum steady-state accretion rate for EOSs with $Γ\geq 5/3$ - and explore limiting cases in order to examine these differences. As an example we highlight results for $Γ= 2$, which is often used in numerical simulations to model the EOS of neutron stars. We also discuss a special case with this index, the ultra-relativistic `causal' EOS, $P = ρ$. The latter serves as a useful limit for the still undetermined neutron-star EOS above nuclear density. The results are useful, for example, to estimate the accretion rate onto a mini-black hole residing at the center of a neutron star.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures; accepted for publication in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society; corrected mistake in equation (43)
Deformed Halo of ^{29}_{9}F_{20}
Creators: name: Hamamoto, Ikuko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a simple model based on the knowledge of spherical and deformed Woods-Saxon potentials, it is shown that the recent observation of halo phenomena in $^{29}$F can be interpreted as an evidence for the prolate deformation of the ground state of $^{29}$F. The prolate deformation is the result of the shell structure, which is unique in one-neutron resonant levels, in particular near degeneracy of the neutron 1$f_{7/2}$ and 2$p_{3/2}$ resonant levels, together with the strong preference of prolate shape by the proton number $Z$ = 9. On the other hand, in oxygen isotopes spherical shape is so much favored by the proton number $Z$ = 8 that the presence of possible neutron shell-structure may not make the system deformed. Thus, the strong preference of particular shape by the proton numbers 8 and 9, respectively, together with a considerable amount of the energy difference between the neutron $1d_{3/2}$ and $2s_{1/2}$ orbits in oxygen isotopes seems to play an important role in the phenomena of oxygen neutron drip line anomaly, as was suggested by H. Sakurai {\it et al.} in 1999.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures,
The Computational Power of Symmetric Hamiltonians
Creators: name: Kay, Alastair
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The presence of symmetries, be they discrete or continuous, in a physical system typically leads to a reduction in the problem to be solved. Here we report that neither translational invariance nor rotational invariance reduce the computational complexity of simulating Hamiltonian dynamics; the problem is still BQP complete, and is believed to be hard on a classical computer. This is achieved by designing a system to implement a Universal Quantum Interface, a device which enables control of an entire computation through the control of a fixed number of spins, and using it as a building-block to entirely remove the need for control, except in the system initialisation. Finally, it is shown that cooling such Hamiltonians to their ground states in the presence of random magnetic fields solves a QMA-complete problem.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures v3: much clearer presentation of main construction. Results extended to rotationally invariant Hamiltonians
Extended data Wellcome Open Research 16097.pdf
Creators: name: Hughes, Alice
name: M. Geoffrey Hayes
name: Egan, Aoife M.
name: Kashyap A Patel
name: Scholtens, Denise M.
name: Lowe, Lynn P.
name: Lowe, William L.
name: Dunne, Fidelma PM
name: Hattersley, Andrew T.
name: Freathy, Rachel M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 110399 Clinical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Extended data file for Wellcome Open Research manuscript (16097) Hughes AE, Hayes MG, Egan AM et al. All thresholds of maternal hyperglycaemia from the WHO 2013 criteria for gestational diabetes identify women with a higher genetic risk for type 2 diabetes.
Negative Thermal Hall Conductance in Two-Dimer Shastry-Sutherland Model with π-flux Dirac Triplon
Creators: name: Sun, Hao
name: Sengupta, Pinaki
name: Nam, Donguk
name: Yang, Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce an effective 2-dimer tight-binding model for the family of Shastry-Sutherland models with geometrically tunable triplon excitations. The Rashba pseudospin-orbit coupling induced by the tilted external magnetic field leads to elementary excitations having nontrivial topological properties with π-Berry flux. The interplay between the in-plane and out-of-plane magnetic field thus allows us to effectively engineer the band structure in this bosonic system. In particular, the in-plane magnetic field gives rise to Berry curvature hotspot near the bottom of the triplon band, and at the same time significantly increases the critical magnetic field for the topological triplon band. We calculate explicitly the experimental signature of the thermal Hall effect of triplons in SrCu2(BO3)2, and show a pronounced and tunabled transport signals within the accessible parameter range, particularly with a change of sign of the thermal Hall conductance. The tilted magnetic field is also useful in reducing the bandwidth of the lowest triplon band. We show it can thus be a flexible theoretical and experimental platform for the correlated bosonic topological system.
Superconductivity in Na$_{x}$CoO$_{2}\cdot y$H$_{2}$O driven by the kinetic energy
Creators: name: Liu, Bin
name: Liang, Ying
name: Feng, Shiping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the charge-spin separation fermion-spin theory, the mechanism of superconductivity in Na$_{x}$CoO$_{2}\cdot y$H$_{2}$O is studied. It is shown that dressed fermions interact occurring directly through the kinetic energy by exchanging magnetic excitations. This interaction leads to a net attractive force between dressed fermions(then the electron Cooper pairs), and their condensation reveals the superconducting ground state. The optimal superconducting transition temperature occurs in the electron doping concentration $δ\approx 0.29$, and then decreases for both underdoped and overdoped regimes, in qualitative agreement with the experimental results.
description: 3 pages, one figure is included
WHAT CONNECTIONS BETWEEN MARITAL CONFLICT AND PARENTING QUALITY? EVIDENCE FROM PARENT’S  GENDER IN  SPILLOVER  EFFECTS
Creators: name: Benedetto, Loredana
name: Ingrassia, Massimo
Publisher: name: University of Messina
Year: 2015

description: The spillover hypothesis posits that negative emotions and behavioral patterns in marital conflicts influence parenting quality and children’s adjustment, through increasing of harsh and incoherent discipline and diminished involvement and affection. Moreover conflicts focused on childrearing issues are particularly distressing for children with often show emotional and behavioral problems.


The aim of the study was to explore gender differences in the links between marital conflicts (destructive and constructive tactics, childrearing disagreement) and parent-child relationships, in order to verify if there are different pathways for fathers and mothers in spillover effects.




Method. 110 parents (children aged 6-12 years) completed the Styles of Conflict Scale (marital conflict style), the Parent Problem Checklist (disagreements about childrearing), the Alabama Parenting Questionnaire (parenting practices), and the Parenting Stress Index.


Results. The links between conflict tactics and parenting practices change in function of parent’s gender. Mothers refer more frequent childrearing disagreements and increasing in punishment; furthermore - in line with the spillover hypothesis - attack and violence tactics are associated negatively with positive parenting (involvement and warmth). For fathers compromise, avoidance and attack correlate positively with effective parenting (more involvement, affection and consistency disciplinary).

Conclusions. A spillover effect, that is, an extension of marital tensions in the relationship with their children with reduced quality of parenting, seems to manifest only for women. These findings, if confirmed by other studies, would be relevant from an clinical point of view to understand how paternal and maternal parenting mediate the effects of the marital disharmony on children’s adjustment.
description: Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology, Vol 3, No 2 (2015)
Anomalies in the low CMB multipoles and extended foregrounds
Creators: name: Abramo, L. Raul
name: Sodre, Laerte
name: Wuensche, Carlos Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss how an extended foreground of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) can account for the anomalies in the low multipoles of the CMB anisotropies. The distortion needed to account for the anomalies is consistent with a cold spot with the spatial geometry of the Local Supercluster (LSC) and a temperature quadrupole of order DeltaT_2^2 ~ 50 microK^2. If this hypothetic foreground is subtracted from the CMB data, the amplitude of the quadrupole (l=2) is substantially increased, and the statistically improbable alignment of the quadrupole with the octopole (l=3) is substantially weakened, increasing dramatically the likelihood of the "cleaned" maps. By placing the foreground on random locations and then computing the likelihood of the cleaned maps we can estimate the most likely place for this foreground. Although the 1-year WMAP data clearly points the location of this hypothetical foreground to the LSC or its specular image (i.e., the vicinity of the poles of the cosmic dipole axis), the three-year data seems to point to these locations as well as the north ecliptic pole. We show that this is consistent with the symmetries of the cosmic quadrupole. We also discuss a possible mechanism that could have generated this foreground: the thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect caused by hot electrons in the LSC. We argue that the temperature and density of the hot gas which are necessary to generate such an effect, though in the upper end of the expected range of values, are marginally consistent with present observations of the X-ray background of spectral distortions of the CMB.
description: 15 pages, 15 figures
Interpersonal relationships, sexual life, bodily experience and on-line activity: a comparative study between adolescent and young adult cosplayers and non-cosplayers.
Creators: name: Della Valle, Eugenia
name: Rossetti, Marzia
name: Cantone, Daniela
Publisher: name: University of Messina
Year: 2015

description: We have conducted a comparative study between a population of Italian young adults who practise the Cosplay and a group of 'non-cosplayers', exploring several topics such as interpersonal relationships, on-line activity, sexual life and bodily experience in order to contribute to the nationwide understanding of this phenomenon which is still at its beginning.


The cosplayers of the studied sample are aged between 15 and 23, with an average of 19.8 years. They are mainly female and are composed of "average" subjects whose principal activity is, as observed, to tailor their own costumes as well as to share their practice within the group.

Comparing the two examined groups, the cosplayers reveal a more considerable complexity with regard to their sexual life and their interpersonal relationships experienced, the latter, mainly through virtual platforms. Moreover there's a significant difference between these two groups on how they protect their body. This aspect has been investigated by the test Body Investment Scale (Orbach, Mikulincer, 1998).
description: Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology, Vol 3, No 2 (2015)
2D kinematics of massive stars near the Galactic Center
Creators: name: Libralato, Mattia
name: Lennon, Daniel J.
name: Bellini, Andrea
name: van der Marel, Roeland
name: Clark, Simon J.
name: Najarro, Francisco
name: Patrick, Lee R.
name: Anderson, Jay
name: Bedin, Luigi R.
name: Crowther, Paul A.
name: de Mink, Selma E.
name: Evans, Christopher J.
name: Platais, Imants
name: Sabbi, Elena
name: Sohn, Sangmo Tony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The presence of massive stars (MSs) in the region close to the Galactic Center (GC) poses several questions about their origin. The harsh environment of the GC favors specific formation scenarios, each of which should imprint characteristic kinematic features on the MSs. We present a 2D kinematic analysis of MSs in a GC region surrounding Sgr A* based on high-precision proper motions obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope. Thanks to a careful data reduction, well-measured bright stars in our proper-motion catalogs have errors better than 0.5 mas yr$^{-1}$. We discuss the absolute motion of the MSs in the field and their motion relative to Sgr A*, the Arches and the Quintuplet. For the majority of the MSs, we rule out any distance further than 3-4 kpc from Sgr A* using only kinematic arguments. If their membership to the GC is confirmed, most of the isolated MSs are likely not associated with either the Arches or Quintuplet clusters or Sgr A*. Only a few MSs have proper motions suggesting they are likely members of the Arches cluster, in agreement with previous spectroscopic results. Line-of-sight radial velocities and distances are required to shed further light on the origin of most of these massive objects. We also present an analysis of other fast-moving objects in the GC region, finding no clear excess of high-velocity escaping stars. We make our astro-photometric catalogs publicly available.
description: 28 pages, 33 figures, 9 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. [v3: Fixed bibliography]
Erklärung der Konferenz zu den Ergebnissen der theologischen Gespräche zwischen dem Bund Evangelisch-Freikirchlicher Gemeinden (BEFG) und dem Bund der Evangelischen Kirchen in der DDR (Bund)
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 35 Nr. 3 (1986): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 35, Heft 3
The Rorschach in gynecological suffering: representations and complexes of the VI table
Creators: name: Settineri, Salvatore
name: Le Donne, Maria
name: Pagano Dritto, Irene
name: Rizzo, Amelia
name: Mento, Carmela
Publisher: name: University of Messina
Year: 2015

description: Background. The literature shows that women with gynecological problems have psychosomatic alteration in the body image perception and sexual distress. To our knowledge, these issues have so far been analyzed separately and rarely through a projective methods.

Aim. The aim of this study is to analyze the role of body image and its relative weakness in gynecological pathology, through the Rorschach projective method.

Method. The observation group consists of 66 women with an average age of 49 ± 17 year, belonging to the clinic of the University Hospital Vulvologia and Colpocitologia "Gaetano Martino" of Messina. For the evalutation was used Rorschach, according to the clinical method, in order to explore the representations of the subject's inner world.

Results. The responses to the Rorschach cards show a prevalence of anatomical and sexual content, devitalized animals and object, in particular to the table VI. We observed in women a complex regarding generativity that reveals a fragmentation of body image representation and of the sexual imaginative function of the inner world.

Conclusions. The sexual suffering in gynecology is a dimension that influences the symptomathology in the extent to which the psychological aspects profoundly affect bodily perceptions, weakening the self-image and altering the course of the disease.



Keywords: body image, sexuality, Rorschach, psychosomatic gynecology.
description: Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology, Vol 3, No 2 (2015)
Relating pain intensity of newborns to onset of nonlinear phenomena in cry recordings
Creators: name: Facchini, A.
name: Bellieni, C. V.
name: Marchettini, N.
name: Pulselli, F. M.
name: Tiezzi, E. B. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cries of several full term newborns, recorded during blood sampling, were analyzed. Spectrograms showed the appearance of irregular patterns related to the pain assessed using the method of the DAN scale. In particular, the appearance of Noise concentration Patterns (NP) in spectrograms was related to the increase of the pain suffered by the newborns. In this scenario, pain constitutes a bifurcation parameter for the vocal folds dynamic, inducing a Ruelle-Takens-Newhouse chaotic transition.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in Phys. Lett. A