cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Changed utterly? continuity and change in the regulation of Irish identities
Creators: name: McNamee, Ciaran
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The Supreme Court decision of A.O. & D.L. v. Minister for Justice [Lobe] and the Irish Citizenship Referendum of 2004 had the cumulative effect of restricting both the rights associated with Irish citizenship and the class of persons entitled to possess it. This thesis considers the dynamics underpinning those restrictions. The history of the regulation of Irish identities is not simply a story of ever tightening border controls. The Nineteenth Amendment to the Constitution of Ireland in 1998 seemingly widened the class of person entitled to call themselves Irish. Moreover, the Republic of Ireland's membership of the European Union has reduced the state's ability to exercise control over its borders and narrowed the distinction between Irish citizens and those of other EU countries. I argue that recent developments in the regulation of Irish identities demonstrate the Janus-like nature of modern law. Accepting the arguments advanced in Lobe and the Citizenship Referendum necessitates the embrace of contradiction, not rationality. They illustrate both continuity and change in the conception of what it means to be Irish. Measures to reduce perceived "abuse" of Irish citizenship seek to preserve a particular concept of Irishness and yet simultaneously serve to transform it. However, with its adherence to the creed of modernity - reason, objectivity, and the rejection of ambiguity - modern law cannot acknowledge these tensions.
Gauge boson couplings at LEP
Creators: name: Villa, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A review is given of the measurements of triple and quartic couplings among the electroweak gauge bosons performed at LEP by the four experiments ALEPH, DELPHI, L3 and OPAL. Emphasis is placed on recently published results and on combinations of results performed by the LEP electroweak gauge-couplings group. All measurements presented are consistent with the Standard Model expectations.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures. To be published in the proceedings of the BEACH04 conference, Chicago, June 27-July 3 2004
title: The effects of depleted Uranium weapons on humans and the relevant environment
Creators: name: Tiller, Thomas
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Depleted Uranium
subject: DU-weapon
subject: congenital malformations
subject: cancer
subject: international law
subject: types of uranium

description: Ammunition containing depleted uranium (DU) has been used in armed conflicts since the First Gulf War in 1991. This type of ammunition is used in certain weapons, such as tank rounds, 30mm guns and cruise missiles. Depleted uranium munition has such a high density that it can pierce armor. Consequently, it is used to penetrate hard targets, such as armored vehicles and tanks. Depleted uranium is a byproduct of the enrichment process in nuclear power production and thus radioactive. It is abundantly available and very cheap. There are more than a dozen states who have DU-munition and it has been mainly used by the USA. There are major concerns about its long-term effects. DU-munition is said to cause various types of cancer and severe reproductivity problems for both men and women. The most discussed and controversial adverse effect is the cause of congenital malformations on newborns. Numerous studies by miscellaneous groups and scholars have been conducted on the alleged health effects. The results differ considerably until today. The major reasons are that studies are either conducted too early after exposure (i.e. during the incubation periods of illnesses) or they only scrutinize the radiological toxicity and disregard the neurological effects. Today it is known that the main problem is not the DU-munition per se but the aerosols containing DU which are created after a DU-round has hit a hard target. DU has a high chemical toxicity and it is mutagenic. This master thesis reviews the studies about the health effects of DU-weapons on humans and the relevant environment and analyzes why the outcomes differ frequently. Additionally, it compares the hazards of DU-munition to other types of uranium like nuclear energy, uranium mining, the natural exposure to uranium and nuclear weapons. The outcome is displayed in a Severity Impact Assessment Scale which provides an overview about the health consequences of the various uranium types. Eventually, the legal situation of DU-weapons is examined. It is described how the problem has been addressed so far in the international community and what needs to be done to curb the use of DU-weapons in the future.
Additional file 3 of Scanning electron microscopy of Onchocerca fasciata (Filarioidea: Onchocercidae) adults, microfilariae and eggs with notes on histopathological findings in camels
Creators: name: Ghahvei, Younes
name: Mirzaei, Mohammad
name: Hashemnia, Shadi
name: Golchin, Mehdi
name: Kheirandish, Reza
name: Shigehiko Uni
name: Mendoza-Roldan, Jairo Alfonso
name: Otranto, Domenico
name: Sazmand, Alireza
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 3: Figure S2. Morphological features of O. fasciata egg. a SEM picture of one rounded egg (e) with a smooth surface besides a microfilaria (MF). b Giemsa staining of an egg, showing tongue-like structure on the egg-shell (c). Scale-bars: a, 2 µm; b, 20 µm.
Error bounds in estimating the out-of-sample prediction error using leave-one-out cross validation in high-dimensions
Creators: name: Rad, Kamiar Rahnama
name: Zhou, Wenda
name: Maleki, Arian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the problem of out-of-sample risk estimation in the high dimensional regime where both the sample size $n$ and number of features $p$ are large, and $n/p$ can be less than one. Extensive empirical evidence confirms the accuracy of leave-one-out cross validation (LO) for out-of-sample risk estimation. Yet, a unifying theoretical evaluation of the accuracy of LO in high-dimensional problems has remained an open problem. This paper aims to fill this gap for penalized regression in the generalized linear family. With minor assumptions about the data generating process, and without any sparsity assumptions on the regression coefficients, our theoretical analysis obtains finite sample upper bounds on the expected squared error of LO in estimating the out-of-sample error. Our bounds show that the error goes to zero as $n,p \rightarrow \infty$, even when the dimension $p$ of the feature vectors is comparable with or greater than the sample size $n$. One technical advantage of the theory is that it can be used to clarify and connect some results from the recent literature on scalable approximate LO.
Improved Handling of Frozen Foods in Retail Stores: Loading at Warehouse, Delivery to Store, Price Marking, Display
Creators: name: Anderson, Dale L.
name: Shaffer, Paul F.
name: Anderson, Dale L.
name: Shaffer, Paul F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1955
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Excerpts from the report Summary: Improved methods of receiving, price-marking, and displaying frozen food, as well as improved equipment, were tested in 3 retail stores. The results were labor productivity increases of 31, 36, and 44 percent over conventional methods and equipment. With improved methods the total labor requirements were 3.0 to 3.7 minutes per carton handled. Time study techniques were used to measure productivity of conventional handling methods, and an attempt was then made to increase productivity in each operation through improved procedures.
Self-organized criticality induced by quenched disorder: experiments on flux avalanches in NbH$_x$ films
Creators: name: Welling, M. S.
name: Aegerter, C. M.
name: Wijngaarden, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an experimental study of the influence of quenched disorder on the distribution of flux avalanches in type-II superconductors. In the presence of much quenched disorder, the avalanche sizes are power-law distributed and show finite size scaling, as expected from self-organized criticality (SOC). Furthermore, the shape of the avalanches is observed to be fractal. In the absence of quenched disorder, a preferred size of avalanches is observed and avalanches are smooth. These observations indicate that a certain minimum amount of disorder is necessary for SOC behavior. We relate these findings to the appearance or non-appearance of SOC in other experimental systems, particularly piles of sand.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
A Mathematical Framework for Estimating Risk of Airborne Transmission of COVID-19 with Application to Face Mask Use and Social Distancing
Creators: name: Mittal, Rajat
name: Meneveau, Charles
name: Wu, Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A mathematical model for estimating the risk of airborne transmission of a respiratory infection such as COVID-19, is presented. The model employs basic concepts from fluid dynamics and incorporates the known scope of factors involved in the airborne transmission of such diseases. Simplicity in the mathematical form of the model is by design, so that it can serve not only as a common basis for scientific inquiry across disciplinary boundaries, but also be understandable by a broad audience outside science and academia. The caveats and limitations of the model are discussed in detail. The model is used to assess the protection from transmission afforded by face coverings made from a variety of fabrics. The reduction in transmission risk associated with increased physical distance between the host and susceptible is also quantified by coupling the model with available data on scalar dispersion in canonical flows. Finally, the effect of the level of physical activity (or exercise intensity) of the host and the susceptible in enhancing transmission risk, is also assessed.
Services aux populations : l'importance de l'économie résidentielle
Creators: name: Hilal, Mohamed
name: Schmitt, Bertrand
name: Hilal, Mohamed
name: Schmitt, Bertrand
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: Le poids croissant des emplois dans les services aux populations fait de ces secteurs une composante essentielle des économies rurales contemporaines. Leur développement qui, au cours de la dernière décennie, s'est affirmé dans les communes périurbaines et l'espace à dominante rurale, contribue fortement à la dynamique économique des espaces ruraux et périurbains, les services administrés jouant là un rôle central. Cette diffusion rapide tend à rapprocher les commerces et services des populations qu'ils desservent, l'accessibilité à ceux-ci dépendant cependant de la nature des équipements et de leurs logiques d'implantation.
Additional file 2 of Scanning electron microscopy of Onchocerca fasciata (Filarioidea: Onchocercidae) adults, microfilariae and eggs with notes on histopathological findings in camels
Creators: name: Ghahvei, Younes
name: Mirzaei, Mohammad
name: Hashemnia, Shadi
name: Golchin, Mehdi
name: Kheirandish, Reza
name: Shigehiko Uni
name: Mendoza-Roldan, Jairo Alfonso
name: Otranto, Domenico
name: Sazmand, Alireza
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Prevalence of Onchocerca fasciata nodules in camels of Kerman, categorized by month.
Prisoners of democracy : the Lil'wat's right to an impartial tribunal ; an analysis of the Lillooet Lake roadblock case
Creators: name: Crompton, Lynda Jean
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This thesis analyzes the response of the domestic judiciary to the Lil'wat peoples' assertion of territorial sovereignty as their defense to a charge of criminal contempt of court before the British Columbia Supreme Court. A lack of impartiality within the Canadian legal system is revealed through a critical legal realist examination of a specific encounter between the dominant Canadian society and the traditional Lil'wat peoples. Both overt and subtle colonial attitudes are demonstrated as embedded within the law, its institutions and its accepted practices in the context of Indigenous/Newcomer relations. This case study seeks to make visible a reliance on a series of invalid legal assumptions regarding Indigenous peoples. These assumptions are necessary to support the entrenched institutional biases that favour the self-interest of the Newcomer society. The thesis quotes extensively from the court transcripts of the criminal contempt trial against the Lil'wats. They were criminalized for blocking public access through their reserve in their attempt to prevent the desecration of their ancient burial grounds and pictographs. Interfor, a Provincially licensed logging corporation, was building a road through their sacred territory. The Lil'wats argued that the B.C. Supreme Court is without jurisdiction over unceded territory and therefore the injunctive order was a nullity. The extreme resistance of the superior court judiciary to hear or address the law presented in defense ofthe Lil'wat peoples was in breach of the rule of law, the principles of constitutional supremacy and the honour of the Crown. Following a detailed analysis of the judiciary's lack of impartiality and breaches of the rule of law, the thesis concludes by suggesting Canada submit the issue of Indigenous territorial sovereignty to third party adjudication through the creation of an internationally overseen cross-cultural mediation process.
Isospin Asymmetry in Nuclei and Neutron Stars
Creators: name: Steiner, Andrew W.
name: Prakash, Madappa
name: Lattimer, James M.
name: Ellis, Paul J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The roles of isospin asymmetry in nuclei and neutron stars are investigated using a range of potential and field-theoretical models of nucleonic matter. The parameters of these models are fixed by fitting the properties of homogeneous bulk matter and closed-shell nuclei. We discuss and unravel the causes of correlations among the neutron skin thickness in heavy nuclei, the pressure of beta-equilibrated matter at a density of 0.1 fm$^{-3}$, the derivative of the nuclear symmetry energy at the same density and the radii of moderate mass neutron stars. Constraints on the symmetry properties of nuclear matter from the binding energies of nuclei are examined. The extent to which forthcoming neutron skin measurements will further delimit the symmetry properties is investigated. The impact of symmetry energy constraints for the mass and moment of inertia contained within neutron star crusts and the threshold density for the nucleon direct Urca process, all of which are potentially measurable, is explored. We also comment on the minimum neutron star radius, assuming that only nucleonic matter exists within the star.
description: 49 pages, 17 figures, Phys. Rep. (in press); made improvements to "RAPR" and corrected transition densities
Heating-induced strengthening or weakening of clays during slow to fast shearing at landslide stress levels
Creators: name: Loche, Marco
name: Scaringi, Gianvito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Changes in temperature in landslide shear zones can derive from frictional heating but also groundwater flow or heat exchange with the atmosphere. This is especially relevant in shallow landslides under seasonal and long-term climatic forcing. How temperature controls the shear resistance in these landslides is poorly constrained. We explored the response of two pure clays (Ca-bentonite and kaolin) under landslide stress levels (50-150 kPa) and slow-to-rapid shearing (0.018-44.5 mm/min). We modified a ring-shear device to permit temperature control (20-50 C). We observed important heating-induced strengthening in bentonite during slow shearing, but also weakening and again strengthening during faster shearing. Effects in kaolin were generally of opposite sign and lower magnitude compared to those in bentonite. Although more analyses are warranted in natural soils and in a lower temperature range, we argue that the thermal sensitivity of clays may matter not only in fast and large, but also in slow and shallow landslides in clay soils. However, case-by-case investigations should be performed to evaluate how thermal sensitivity combines with concurrent processes of atmosphere-soil interaction.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures
On the blow-up of solutions to semilinear damped wave equations with power nonlinearity in compact Lie groups
Creators: name: Palmieri, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this note, we prove a blow-up result for the semilinear damped wave equation in a compact Lie group with power nonlinearity $|u|^p$ for any $p>1$, under suitable integral sign assumptions for the initial data, by using an iteration argument. A byproduct of this method is the upper bound estimate for the lifespan of a local in time solution. As a preliminary result, a local (in time) existence result is proved in the energy space via Fourier analysis on compact Lie groups.
title: The third teacher : Kindergarten Mühling
Creators: name: Eder, Stefan
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Architektonischer Entwurf
subject: Architectural design

description: Kindererziehung ist ein immer wiederkehrendes und kontroversiell diskutiertes Thema in unserer heutigen Gesellschaft. Vor allem die Frage, ob man sich dieser Aufgabe mit gesteigerter Eigeninitiative annimmt, oder man sich für den Weg entscheidet, das Kind bereits im frühen Alter in die Krabbelstube bzw. den Kindergarten schicken, lässt die Meinungen auseinander gehen. Aktuelle Tendenzen zeigen vor allem in den Ballungsräumen, dass sich zweiterer Ansatz immer mehr durchsetzt und dadurch auch die Nachfrage nach Betreuungsplätzen stetig zunimmt. Aus architektonischer Sicht bedeutet das, dass neuer, qualitativ hochwertiger und an die Anforderungen des Kindes angepasster Raum geschaffen werden muss. So auch im Ortsteil Mühling der niederösterreichischen Gemeinde Wieselburg Land. Der bestehende, zweigruppige Kindergarten weist mittlerweile etliche bauliche Mängel auf und bietet auch in Ermangelung ausreichender Freiräume keine Möglichkeit zur Erweiterung, weshalb unweit davon ein Neubau erreichtet werden soll, der neuen pädagogischen Ansprüchen gerecht wird. Dieser sollte nicht bloß als reiner Nutzbau konzipiert sein, sondern die Kinder ermutigen, neugierig zu sein und durch die direkte, gebaute Umgebung auch zu lernen - und der 'Dritte Pädagoge' Mühling werden.
description: Child education is a constantly recurring and also controversially discussed topic in today's society. Especially the question, if one wants to face that task with increased individual initiative or if one decides to take the child into a kindergarten or toddler group already in early years splits the people. Current tendencies show particularly in urban regions, that the latter point is becoming more and more the standard and thus calls for more care centres. This - from the architectural point of view - means, that new, high-quality space, which is adapted to the needs of the children, has to be created. The same counts for the district of Mühling in the Lower Austrian municipality of Wieselburg Land. The existing kindergarten already shows a couple of structural deficiencies, and in default of green space doesn`t offer the opportunity to extend. That`s why a new building, that meets the needs of current pedagogical concept, should be designed. Therefore the new kindergarten shouldn`t just function as building to prevent the kids and teachers from cold and rain, but should also encourage them to be curious and learn for life through their environment - and should become 'The third teacher' Mühling.
Towards automatic generation of Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams (P&IDs) with Artificial Intelligence
Creators: name: Hirtreiter, Edwin
name: Balhorn, Lukas Schulze
name: Schweidtmann, Artur M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Developing Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams (P&IDs) is a crucial step during the development of chemical processes. Currently, this is a tedious, manual, and time-consuming task. We propose a novel, completely data-driven method for the prediction of control structures. Our methodology is inspired by end-to-end transformer-based human language translation models. We cast the control structure prediction as a translation task where Process Flow Diagrams (PFDs) are translated to P&IDs. To use established transformer-based language translation models, we represent the P&IDs and PFDs as strings using our recently proposed SFILES 2.0 notation. Model training is performed in a transfer learning approach. Firstly, we pre-train our model using generated P&IDs to learn the grammatical structure of the process diagrams. Thereafter, the model is fine-tuned leveraging transfer learning on real P&IDs. The model achieved a top-5 accuracy of 74.8% on 10,000 generated P&IDs and 89.2% on 100,000 generated P&IDs. These promising results show great potential for AI-assisted process engineering. The tests on a dataset of 312 real P&IDs indicate the need of a larger P&IDs dataset for industry applications.
Looking for Design in Materials Design
Creators: name: Eberhart, M. E.
name: Clougherty, D. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite great advances in computation, materials design is still science fiction. The construction of structure-property relations on the quantum scale will turn computational empiricism into true design.
description: 3 pages, 1 figure
Entreprises et activités industrielles en milieu non urbain. Bilan et perspectives
Creators: name: Huiban, Jean-Pierre
name: Huiban, Jean-Pierre
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: Abstract: Face au recul massif de l'emploi agricole, l'industrie représente désormais une part importante de l'emploi en zone non urbaine. Au-delà, il convient désormais de distinguer un espace périurbain/rural sous influence d'un espace rural-autonome. Dans le premier, l'évolution très favorable de l'emploi s'explique notamment par un transfert d'activités depuis des zones urbaines pénalisées par l'existence de forces de congestion. Dans le second, le dynamisme attaché à un certain nombre de secteurs (IAA, Construction…) peut s'expliquer par la présence d'actifs spécifiques à ce type d'espace, au tout premier rang desquels figure une main d'oeuvre de "qualité".
Transistor behavior via Au clusters etched from electrodes in an acidic gating solution: metal nanoparticles mimicking conducting polymers
Creators: name: Grose, Jacob E.
name: Ulgut, Burak
name: Pasupathy, Abhay N.
name: Ralph, D. C.
name: Abruna, Hector D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report that the electrical conductance between closely-spaced gold electrodes in acid solution can be turned from off [insulating; I] to on [conducting; C] to off again by monotonically sweeping a gate voltage applied to the solution. We propose that this ICI transistor action is due to an electrochemical process dependent on nanoparticles etched from the surface of the gold electrodes. These measurements mimic closely the characteristics of nanoscale acid-gated polyaniline transistors, so that researchers should guard against misinterpreting this effect in future molecular-electronics experiments.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures
Les marchés ruraux du travail : vers une spécialisation fonctionnelle des espaces ?
Creators: name: Blanc, Michel
name: Blanc, Michel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: Les marchés du travail ruraux présentent certaines spécificités. En raison de leur faible taille, les offres et les demandes d'emploi y sont moins nombreuses et donc moins diversifiées, d'où des difficultés d'appariement des unes aux autres plus fortes que sur les marchés du travail urbains. De plus, les relations d'emploi sont plus souvent " encastrées " dans d'autres relations sociales à la campagne qu'en ville. Ces phénomènes contribuent à rendre les emplois plus stables et les salaires plus faibles dans les zones rurales et à engendrer une spécialisation fonctionnelle des espaces.
Additional file 1 of Scanning electron microscopy of Onchocerca fasciata (Filarioidea: Onchocercidae) adults, microfilariae and eggs with notes on histopathological findings in camels
Creators: name: Ghahvei, Younes
name: Mirzaei, Mohammad
name: Hashemnia, Shadi
name: Golchin, Mehdi
name: Kheirandish, Reza
name: Shigehiko Uni
name: Mendoza-Roldan, Jairo Alfonso
name: Otranto, Domenico
name: Sazmand, Alireza
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Prevalence of Onchocerca nodules in camels of Kerman, Iran broken down by month, age groups and sex.
Towards Mobile Multi-Task Manipulation in a Confined and Integrated Environment with Irregular Objects
Creators: name: Han, Zhao
name: Allspaw, Jordan
name: LeMasurier, Gregory
name: Parrillo, Jenna
name: Giger, Daniel
name: Ahmadzadeh, S. Reza
name: Yanco, Holly A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The FetchIt! Mobile Manipulation Challenge, held at the IEEE International Conference on Robots and Automation (ICRA) in May 2019, offered an environment with complex and integrated task sets, irregular objects, confined space, and machining, introducing new challenges in the mobile manipulation domain. Here we describe our efforts to address these challenges by demonstrating the assembly of a kit of mechanical parts in a caddy. In addition to implementation details, we examine the issues in this task set extensively, and we discuss our software architecture in the hope of providing a base for other researchers. To evaluate performance and consistency, we conducted 20 full runs, then examined failure cases with possible solutions. We conclude by identifying future research directions to address the open challenges.
description: 7 pages, 10 figures, ICRA 2020
Prospective des espaces ruraux français à l'horizon 2020
Creators: name: Perrier-Cornet, Philippe
name: Soulard, Christophe
name: Perrier-Cornet, Philippe
name: Soulard, Christophe
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: Vu la diversité de leurs usages et fonctions, la physionomie future des campagnes françaises peut revêtir des aspects très contrastés. S'appuyant sur une synthèse et une relecture des connaissances acquises sur les espaces ruraux, le groupe de prospective constitué à la Datar sur ce thème propose quatre scénarios possibles pour les campagnes françaises à l'horizon 2020.
Les espaces ruraux et la politique d'aménagement du territoire
Creators: name: Aubert, Francis
name: Gaigne, Carl
name: Aubert, Francis
name: Gaigne, Carl
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: Les espaces ruraux français ont fait l'objet jusqu'ici d'un nombre important de mesures publiques spécifiques de la part de l'Etat. Devant leurs échecs relatifs, les politiques rurales gagneraient à être inscrites dans une politique plus globale de l'aménagement du territoire. De cette proposition découlent deux questions. La première réside dans la nécessité de justifier l'aide aux espaces ruraux à partir de motifs, non seulement d'équité, mais aussi d'intérêt général. La seconde concerne le rôle renouvelé de l'Etat en faveur des zones rurales dansun contexte de décentralisation de ses compétences.
Quark Gluon Plasma an Color Glass Condensate at RHIC? The perspective from the BRAHMS experiment
Creators: name: Arsene, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the main results obtained by the BRAHMS collaboration on the properties of hot and dense hadronic and partonic matter produced in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions at RHIC. A particular focus of this paper is to discuss to what extent the results collected so far by BRAHMS, and by the other three experiments at RHIC, can be taken as evidence for the formation of a state of deconfined partonic matter, the so called quark-gluon-plasma (QGP). We also discuss evidence for a possible precursor state to the QGP, i.e. the proposed Color Glass Condensate.
description: 32 pages, 18 figures
Classical nucleation theory of ice nucleation: second-order correction of thermodynamic parameters
Creators: name: Wang, Chaohong
name: Wang, Hao
name: Wu, Jianyang
name: Zhang, Zhisen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accurate estimate of nucleation rate is crucial for the study of ice nucleation and ice-promoting/anti-freeze strategies. Within the framework of Classical Nucleation Theory (CNT), the estimate of ice nucleation rate is very sensitive to thermodynamic parameters, such as chemical potential difference between water and ice $Δμ$ and ice-water interfacial free energy $γ$. However, even today, there are still many contradictions and approximations in the estimating of these thermodynamic parameters, introducing large uncertainty to the estimate of the ice nucleation rate. Herein, starting from the basic concepts, for a general solid-liquid crystallization system, we expand the Gibbs-Thomson (GT) equation to second order, and derive the second-order analytical formulas of $Δμ$, $γ$ and nucleation barrier $ΔG$ with combining molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. These formulas describe well the temperature dependence of these thermodynamic parameters. Our results can provide a method of estimating $Δμ$, $γ$ and $ΔG$.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Search for X(3872) in gamma gamma Fusion and ISR at CLEO
Creators: name: Dobbs, S.
name: Collaboration, CLEO
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a search for the recently reported X(3872) state using 15.1 fb^{-1} e+ e- data taken in the \sqrt{s} = 9.46-11.30 GeV region. Separate searches for the production of X(3872) in untagged gamma-gamma fusion and e+ e- annihilation following initial state radiation (ISR) are made by taking advantage of the unique correlation of J/psi -> l+ l- in X(3872) decay to pi+ pi- J/psi. No signals are observed in either case, and 90% confidence upper limits are established as (2J+1)Γ_{γγ}B(X -> pi+ pi- J/psi) < 12.9 eV and Γ_{ee}B(X -> pi+ pi- J/psi) < 8.3 eV.
description: 8 pages postscript,also available through http://www.lns.cornell.edu/public/CLNS/2004/, submitted to PRL
Étale categories, restriction semigroups, and their operator algebras
Creators: name: Machado, Natã
name: de Castro, Gilles G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47L75, 54B30, 20M20, 20M30 (Primary) 46L05, 20M18 (Secondary)

description: We define the full and reduced non-self-adjoint operator algebras associated with étale categories and restriction semigroups, answering a question posed by Kudryavtseva and Lawson in \cite{lawson}. Moreover, we define the semicrossed product algebra of an étale action of a restriction semigroup on a $C^*$-algebra, which turns out to be the key point when connecting the operator algebra of a restriction semigroup with the operator algebra of its associated étale category. We also prove that in the particular cases of étale groupoids and inverse semigroups our operator algebras coincide with the $C^*$-algebras of the referred objects.
description: 55 pages. accepted manuscript
Temperature continuously controls the stability of clay slopes
Creators: name: Loche, Marco
name: Scaringi, Gianvito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With climate change, we are expecting more frequent extreme weather events in many regions worldwide. These events can trigger disruptive, deadly natural hazards, which catch the attention of the media and raise awareness in citizens and policymakers. Floods, wildfires, landslides are the object of a great deal of research. Yet, they remain difficult to predict and handle. Climate change also means warmer temperatures, especially on land. Glaciers melt, permafrost thaws. Everywhere, the ground gets warmer down to increasing depths. At first sight, not a big deal. What can a few extra degrees do? Microbes and fungi becomes more active, chemical equilibria shift. Silent changes are left unnoticed, even by scientists. In landslide studies, the stability of slopes is a balance of weights, water pressures, and mechanical strengths. Above freezing, temperature is left out, yet it should not be. The strength of clays, which frequently are abundant in soils, is sensitive to temperature. With a simple numerical exercise, we show to what extent temperature can condition and even undermine the stability of clay-bearing slopes, across the seasons and under global warming. A silent change that could make a non-extreme weather event have much more severe consequences.
Can Adversarial Weight Perturbations Inject Neural Backdoors?
Creators: name: Garg, Siddhant
name: Kumar, Adarsh
name: Goel, Vibhor
name: Liang, Yingyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Adversarial machine learning has exposed several security hazards of neural models and has become an important research topic in recent times. Thus far, the concept of an "adversarial perturbation" has exclusively been used with reference to the input space referring to a small, imperceptible change which can cause a ML model to err. In this work we extend the idea of "adversarial perturbations" to the space of model weights, specifically to inject backdoors in trained DNNs, which exposes a security risk of using publicly available trained models. Here, injecting a backdoor refers to obtaining a desired outcome from the model when a trigger pattern is added to the input, while retaining the original model predictions on a non-triggered input. From the perspective of an adversary, we characterize these adversarial perturbations to be constrained within an $\ell_{\infty}$ norm around the original model weights. We introduce adversarial perturbations in the model weights using a composite loss on the predictions of the original model and the desired trigger through projected gradient descent. We empirically show that these adversarial weight perturbations exist universally across several computer vision and natural language processing tasks. Our results show that backdoors can be successfully injected with a very small average relative change in model weight values for several applications.
description: Accepted as a conference paper at CIKM 2020
Abstinence and the Single Desk: Canada – US Wheat Trade Relations in a post-CWB World
Creators: name: Rude, James
name: Rude, James
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Farm Management
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Political Economy
subject: Canadian Wheat Board
subject: contingent protection measures
subject: antidumping
subject: Canada-U.S. wheat trade

description: The elimination of the single-desk monopsony/monopoly granted to the Canadian Wheat Board for western Canadian milling wheat acquisitions and sales will have ramifications for Canadian-U.S. trade relations. This article speculates on the volume of future north/south wheat trade flows. Given this perspective on trade prospects, an examination of the history of Canada-U.S. wheat trade disputes is considered. Historical experience is then used to gauge the potential for future trade remedy actions. The prospects for future contingent protection measures – antidumping and countervailing duties – are then considered, and possible steps for policy makers, farmers, and agribusinesses are presented.
The 2003 radio outburst of a new X-ray transient: XTE J1720-318
Creators: name: Brocksopp, C.
name: Corbel, S.
name: Fender, R. P.
name: Rupen, M.
name: Sault, R.
name: Tingay, S. J.
name: Hannikainen, D.
name: O'Brien, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present radio observations of the black hole X-ray transient XTE J1720-318, which was discovered in 2003 January as it entered an outburst. We analyse the radio data in the context of the X-ray outburst and the broad-band spectrum. An unresolved radio source was detected during the rising phase, reaching a peak of nearly 5 mJy approximately coincident with the peak of the X-ray lightcurve. Study of the spectral indices suggests that at least two ejection events took place, the radio-emitting material expanding and becoming optically thin as it faded. The broad-band spectra suggested that the accretion disc dominated the emission, as expected for a source in the high/soft state. The radio emission decayed to below the sensitivity of the telescopes for ~6 weeks but switched on again during the transition of the X-ray source to the low/hard state. At least one ``glitch'' was superimposed on the otherwise exponential decay of the X-ray lightcurve, which was reminiscent of the multiple jet ejections of XTE J1859+226. We also present a K_s-band image of XTE J1720-318 and its surrounding field taken with the VLT.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Magnetic phases of the anisotropic triangular lattice Hubbard model
Creators: name: Yu, Yang
name: Li, Shaozhi
name: Iskakov, Sergei
name: Gull, Emanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Hubbard model on an anisotropic triangular lattice in two dimensions, a fundamental model for frustrated electron physics, displays a wide variety of phases and phase transitions. This work investigates the model using the ladder dual fermion approximation which captures local correlations non-perturbatively but approximates non-local correlations. We find metallic, one-dimensional antiferromagnetic, non-collinear antiferromagnetic, square-lattice antiferromagnetic, and spiral phases but no evidence of collinear antiferromagnetic order in different parts of the phase diagram. Analyzing the spin susceptibility in detail, we see both regions of agreement and of discrepancy with previous work. The case of Cs$_2$CuCl$_4$ is discussed in detail.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
Il quadro normativo sulle denominazioni commerciali dei prodotti ittici nella gestione delle frodi: strumento di gestione o problema irrisolto?
Creators: name: Gaviglio, Anna
name: Pirani, Alberto
name: Demartini, Eugenio
name: Gaviglio, Anna
name: Pirani, Alberto
name: Demartini, Eugenio
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Fish products
subject: labeling
subject: consumer protection
subject: research perspectives

description: Authors suppose the amounts of fraudulent seafood sales reported in recent years to be somehow correlated to the problems of Italian commercial fish-naming policy. However, given the lack of data and studies, the work has an exploratory nature focusing on three main issues: the seafood labeling policy framework, the evolution of lists of fish species’ trade names and the spread and type of fraudulent sales. According data authors believe that the fish-naming system is improving, however that lack of studies estimating the right amount of diversification in trade names for marine species seems so to be a weakness for a winning policy. Furthermore, seafood retailers seems to assume an important role on fraud management and government should support research for innovative species detection methods to be applied directly in retailers quality insurance systems. This would be a win-win strategy, preventing fraudulent behaviour and reducing the costs for public inspections.
Evidence for Disk Truncation at Low Accretion States of the Black Hole Binary MAXI J1820+070 Observed by NuSTAR and XMM-Newton
Creators: name: Xu, Yanjun
name: Harrison, Fiona A.
name: Tomsick, John A.
name: Hare, Jeremy
name: Fabian, Andrew C.
name: Walton, Dominic J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from NuSTAR and XMM-Newton observations of the new black hole X-ray binary MAXI J1820+070 at low accretion rates (below 1% of the Eddington luminosity). We detect a narrow Fe K$α$ emission line, in contrast to the broad and asymmetric Fe K$α$ line profiles commonly present in black hole binaries at high accretion rates. The narrow line, with weak relativistic broadening, indicates that the Fe K$α$ line is produced at a large disk radius. Fitting with disk reflection models assuming standard disk emissivity finds a large disk truncation radius (a few tens to a few hundreds of gravitational radii, depending on the disk inclination). In addition, we detect a quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO) varying in frequency between $11.6\pm0.2$~mHz and $2.8\pm0.1$~mHz. The very low QPO frequencies suggest a large size for the optically-thin Comptonization region according to the Lense-Thirring precession model, supporting that the accretion disk recedes from the ISCO and is replaced by advection-dominated accretion flow at low accretion rates. We also discuss the possibility of an alternative accretion geometry that the narrow Fe K$α$ line is produced by a lamppost corona with a large height illuminating the disk.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Supervised Feature Compression based on Counterfactual Analysis
Creators: name: Piccialli, Veronica
name: Morales, Dolores Romero
name: Salvatore, Cecilia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Counterfactual Explanations are becoming a de-facto standard in post-hoc interpretable machine learning. For a given classifier and an instance classified in an undesired class, its counterfactual explanation corresponds to small perturbations of that instance that allows changing the classification outcome. This work aims to leverage Counterfactual Explanations to detect the important decision boundaries of a pre-trained black-box model. This information is used to build a supervised discretization of the features in the dataset with a tunable granularity. Using the discretized dataset, an optimal Decision Tree can be trained that resembles the black-box model, but that is interpretable and compact. Numerical results on real-world datasets show the effectiveness of the approach in terms of accuracy and sparsity.
description: 30 pages, 45figures
INTEGRAL/SPI Limits on Electron-Positron Annihilation Radiation from the Galactic Plane
Creators: name: Teegarden, B. J.
name: Watanabe, K.
name: Jean, P.
name: Knodlseder, J.
name: Lonjou, V.
name: Roques, J. P.
name: Skinner, G. K.
name: von Ballmoos, P.
name: Weidenspointner, G.
name: Bazzano, A.
name: Butt, Y. M.
name: Decourchelle, A.
name: Fabian, A. C.
name: Goldwurm, A.
name: Gudel, M.
name: Hannikainen, D. C.
name: Hartmann, D. H.
name: Hornstrup, A.
name: Lewin, W. H. G.
name: Makishima, K.
name: Malzac, A.
name: Miller, J.
name: Parmar, A. N.
name: Reynolds, S. P
name: Rothschild, R. E.
name: Tomsick, J. A.
name: Vink, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The center of our Galaxy is a known strong source of electron-positron 511-keV annihilation radiation. Thus far, however, there have been no reliable detections of annihilation radiation outside of the central radian of our Galaxy. One of the primary objectives of the INTEGRAL (INTErnational Gamma-RAy Astrophysics Laboratory) mission, launched in Oct. 2002, is the detailed study of this radiation. The Spectrometer on INTEGRAL (SPI) is a high resolution coded-aperture gamma-ray telescope with an unprecedented combination of sensitivity, angular resolution and energy resolution. We report results from the first 10 months of observation. During this period a significant fraction of the observing time was spent in or near the Galactic Plane. No positive annihilation flux was detected outside of the central region (|l| > 40 deg) of our Galaxy. In this paper we describe the observations and data analysis methods and give limits on the 511-keV flux.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal. 13 pages, 3 figures