cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On the relation between boundary proposals and hidden symmetries of the extended pre-big bang quantum cosmology
Creators: name: Jalalzadeh, S.
name: Rostami, T.
name: Moniz, P. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A framework associating quantum cosmological boundary conditions to minisuperspace hidden symmetries has been introduced in \cite{7}. The scope of the application was, notwithstanding the novelty, restrictive because it lacked a discussion involving realistic matter fields. Therefore, in the herein letter, we extend the framework scope to encompass elements from a scalar-tensor theory in the presence of a cosmological constant. More precisely, it is shown that hidden minisuperspace symmetries present in a pre-big bang model suggest a process from which boundary conditions can be selected.
description: 15 pages, no figures, to appear in European Physical Journal C
title: HEPATITIS C: PATHWAYS FOR DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT
titleType: Other
Creators: name: Robinson, Emma
Publisher: name: University of Dundee
Year: 2023

description: Scotland has committed to eradicating Hepatitis C (HCV) by 2030. In order to achieve this goal, rates of HCV diagnosis, treatment and cure need to be escalated. Given that those most at risk of HCV infection e.g. people who inject drugs (PWID) often belong to a marginalised part of society and find it difficult to engage in conventional hospital based medical care, it is important that diagnosis and treatment initiatives are accessible for all.

The aim of the thesis was to determine the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of HCV diagnosis and treatment pathways in Tayside. A scoping review (Chapter 2) assessed models of care (MoCs) utilising direct acting antivirals (DAAs) to identify the key concepts underpinning their success, especially in underserved populations. Findings from a systematic review and meta-analysis (Chapter 3) demonstrated the feasibility of decentralising care and providing local services with reach into communities of people infected with HCV.

The study presented in Chapter 4 analysed a number of specialised pathways for testing and treatment of HCV amongst the most at-risk populations. Diagnostic pathways targeting populations most at risk of HCV are more effective at yielding new HCV diagnoses than standard pathways. A subsequent cost-effectiveness evaluation of the pathways (Chapter 5) found that testing in injecting equipment provision (IEPS) and in primary care were most cost effective.

These tailored diagnostic pathways will also resolve some of the health inequalities around drug use and provide methods of ensuring entry to treatment. We believe using targeted testing will find the majority of our undiagnosed population. This will help us to direct resources and achieve our aim of elimination by 2030.
Encephalitis and cytokine storm secondary to respiratory viruses in children: Two case reports
Creators: name: Holloway, Adrian J.
name: Simon, Liliana
name: Custer, Jason W.
name: Alves, Tomaz
name: Santos, Pollyana C. P.
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media S.A.
Year: 2023

description: Introduction Encephalitis is a syndrome characterized by brain damage secondary to an inflammatory process that is manifested by cognitive impairment and altered cerebral spinal fluid analysis; it may evolve with seizures and coma. Despite viral infections representing the main cause of encephalitis in children, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and parainfluenza virus are mostly associated with respiratory presentations. Uncommonly, the inflammatory phenomena from encephalitis secondary to viral agents may present with an exacerbated host response, the so-called cytokine storm. The link between these infectious agents and neurologic syndromes resulting in a cytokine storm is rare, and the underlying pathophysiology is still poorly understood. Case presentation A 5-year-old girl and a 2-year-old boy infected with parainfluenza and RSV, respectively, were identified through nasopharyngeal polymerase chain reaction. They were admitted into the pediatric intensive care unit due to encephalitis and multiple organ dysfunction manifested with seizures and hemodynamic instability. Magnetic resonance imaging findings from the first patient revealed a bilateral hypersignal on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery in the cerebral hemispheres, especially in the posterior parietal and occipital regions. The girl also had elevated IL-6 levels during the acute phase and evolved with a fast recovery of the clinical presentations. The second patient progressed with general systemic complications followed by cerebral edema and death. Conclusion Encephalitis secondary to respiratory viral infection might evolve with cytokine storm and multiorgan inflammatory response in children.
Frequency dispersion of nonlinear response of thin superconducting films in Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless state
Creators: name: Dietrich, Scott
name: Mayer, William
name: Byrnes, Sean
name: Vitkalov, Sergey
name: Sergeev, A.
name: Bollinger, Anthony T.
name: Bozovic, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of microwave radiation on the transport properties of atomically thin $La_{2-x}Sr_xCuO_4$ films were studied in the 0.1-13 GHz frequency range. Resistance changes induced by microwaves were investigated at different temperatures near the superconducting transition. The nonlinear response decreases by several orders of magnitude within a few GHz of a cutoff frequency $ν_{cut} \approx$ 2 GHz. Numerical simulations that assume an ac response to follow the dc V-I characteristics of the films reproduce well the low frequency behavior, but fail above $ν_{cut}$. The results indicate that two-dimensional superconductivity is resilient against high-frequency microwave radiation, because vortex-antivortex dissociation is dramatically suppressed in two-dimensional superconducting condensates oscillating at high frequencies.
description: 10 pages, 12 figures
title: Adrenal Vein Sampling - Technique Overview
Creators: name: Amjadeen, Muhammed
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Veins / Vena cava
subject: Catheter venography
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Sampling
subject: Endocrine disorders
subject: Hypertension

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To review the indications and techniques of adrenal vein...
Factors Associated with Postpartum Maternal Functioning in Black Women: A Secondary Analysis
Creators: name: Bulles, Kelby F.
name: Thomas Tobin, Courtney S.
name: Smith, Betsy E.
name: Floyd James, Kortney
name: Robinson, Millicent N.
name: Barkin, Jennifer L.
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2023

description: In the United States, 29–44% of Black women experience postpartum depressive symptoms (PDS), yet few are properly identified and/or connected to mental care services. The purpose of this secondary analysis was to examine the relationship between maternal functioning and clinical variables (PDS, maternal–infant attachment), racial variable (Black racial identity types—low race salience, assimilated and miseducated, self-hating, anti-White, multiculturalist, and conflicted), and sociodemographic characteristics (relationship status, education, insurance, childbirth type). A total of 116 women living in the southern United States were included in the analysis. Multivariate analyses revealed that Black racial identity (p = 0.02), PDS (p < 0.0001), maternal–infant attachment (p < 0.0001), and educational level (p = 0.03) were independently associated with maternal functioning. This work provides new evidence regarding the role of various clinical and racial factors on Black postpartum women’s adjustment to motherhood. This analysis also adds to the growing body of evidence of reliability for the BIMF in Black postpartum women.
Probing the dilaton in central exclusive processes at the LHC
Creators: name: Goncalves, V. P.
name: Sauter, W. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of a dilaton as a pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone boson in spontaneous breaking of scale symmetry is predicted in beyond standard model theories in which electroweak symmetry is broken via strongly coupled conformal dynamics. Such a particle is expected to have a mass below the conformal symmetry breaking scale $f$ and couplings to standard model particles similar to those of the SM Higgs boson. In this paper we estimate, for the first time, the dilaton production in exclusive processes considering Pomeron - Pomeron ($\pom \pom$) and photon - photon ($γγ$) interactions, which are characterized by two rapidity gaps and intact hadrons in the final state. Our results indicate that if the dilaton is massive ($M_χ \ge 2 M_W$), the study of dilaton production by $\pom \pom$ interactions in $pp$ collisions can be useful to determine its mass and the conformal energy scale.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Additional file 1 of DNA methylation of imprint control regions associated with Alzheimer’s disease in non-Hispanic Blacks and non-Hispanic Whites
Creators: name: Cevik, Sebnem E.
name: Skaar, David A.
name: Jima, Dereje D.
name: Liu, Andy J.
name: Østbye, Truls
name: Whitson, Heather E.
name: Jirtle, Randy L.
name: Hoyo, Cathrine
name: Planchart, Antonio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. This table provides demographic and clinical characteristics of both Alzheimer's disease (AD) cases and controls from which the brain samples were obtained. Table S3. This table presents a compilation of AD-associated differentially methylated regions (DMRs) that overlap with 332 candidate inherited ICRs, which have been validated through parental allele confirmation. Table S4 and S5. These tables contain results from the functional and pathway analysis of genes that are in close proximity to AD-associated ICRs. Table S4 pertains to non-Hispanic Black (NHB) populations, while Table S5 focuses on non-Hispanic White (NHW) populations. Figure S1. This figure shows the results of the quality control for the WGBS data, ensuring the reliability and accuracy of the obtained results.
title: Multicompartmental Lipoma of the Hand - Review of MR Imaging
Creators: name: Amjadeen, Muhammed
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Anatomy
subject: Extremities
subject: MR
subject: Surgery
subject: Pathology
subject: Tissue characterisation

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To review the MR imaging of a 69 year old female with an infiltrating multi-compartmental lipoma of the...
Jet fragmentation via azimuthal angular correlations of heavy-flavours in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s} = $ 7 TeV
Creators: name: Singh, Ravindra
name: Khade, Swapnesh
name: Roy, Ankhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements in heavy-flavour azimuthal angular correlation provide insight into the production, propagation, and hadronization of heavy-flavour jets in ultra-relativistic hadronic and heavy-ion collisions. These measurements across different particle species help to isolate the possible modification in particle production and fragmentation due to different mass and quark contents. Jet correlation studies give direct access to the initial parton dynamics produced in these collisions. \\ This article studies the azimuthal angular correlations of heavy-flavour hadrons (charm and beauty mesons and charm baryons) in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 7 TeV using PYTHIA8. We study the production of heavy-flavour jets with different parton-level processes, including multi-parton interactions and different color reconnection prescriptions. The heavy-flavour hadrons correlations are calculated in the different triggers and associated \pt intervals to characterize the impact of hard and soft scattering. The yields and the widths associated with the near-side (NS) and away-side (AS) correlation peaks are calculated and studied as a function of associated \pt for different trigger \pt ranges.
Evaluation of Chitosans as Coagulants—Flocculants to Improve Sand Filtration for Drinking Water Treatment
Creators: name: Sobsey, Mark D.
name: Bailey, Emily S.
name: Oza, Hemali H.
name: Holmes, Eleanor B.
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2023

description: The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that two billion people worldwide lack access to safely managed water sources, including 1.2 billion who already have access to improved water sources. In many countries, household point-of-use (POU) water-treatment options are used to remove or deactivate microorganisms in water, but not all POU technologies meet WHO performance requirements to achieve safe drinking water. To improve the effectiveness of POU technologies, the use of multiple treatment barriers should be used as a way to increase overall treatment performance. The focus of this research is to evaluate multiple barrier treatment using chitosan, an organic coagulant–flocculant, to improve microbial and turbidity reductions in combination with sand filtration. Bench-scale intermittently operated sand filters with 16 cm layers of sands of two different grain sizes representing slow and rapid sand filters were dosed daily over 57 days with microbially spiked surface water volumes corresponding to household use. E. coli bacteria and MS2 coliphage virus reductions were quantified biweekly (N = 17) using culture methods. Bacteria and virus removals were significantly improved over sand filtration without chitosan pretreatment (Wilcoxon Rank-Sum, p < 0.05). When water was pretreated at an optimal chitosan dose of 10 mg/L followed by sand filtration, log10 reductions in bacteria and viruses met the two-star WHO performance level of effectiveness. Microbial and turbidity reductions generally improved over the filter operating period but showed no trends with filtration rates.
Fourier ptychographic reconstruction using Wirtinger flow optimization
Creators: name: Bian, Liheng
name: Suo, Jinli
name: Zheng, Guoan
name: Guo, KaiKai
name: Chen, Feng
name: Dai, Qionghai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently Fourier Ptychography (FP) has attracted great attention, due to its marked effectiveness in leveraging snapshot numbers for spatial resolution in large field-of-view imaging. To acquire high signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) images under angularly varying illuminations for subsequent reconstruction, FP requires long exposure time, which largely limits its practical applications. In this paper, based on the recently reported Wirtinger flow algorithm, we propose an iterative optimization framework incorporating phase retrieval and noise relaxation together, to realize FP reconstruction using low SNR images captured under short exposure time. Experiments on both synthetic and real captured data validate the effectiveness of the proposed reconstruction method. Specifically, the proposed technique could save around 80% exposure time to achieve similar retrieval accuracy compared to the conventional FP. Besides, we have released our source code for non-commercial use.
Magnetic anisotropy of endohedral lanthanide ions: paramagnetic NMR study of MSc2N@C80-Ih with M running through the whole 4f row
Creators: name: Zhang, Y.
name: Krylov, D.
name: Rosenkranz, M.
name: Schiemenz, S.
name: Popov, A.A.
Publisher: name: Cambridge : Royal Society of Chemistry
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Anisotropy
subject: Carrier concentration
subject: Chemical analysis
subject: Electron density measurement
subject: Ions
subject: Ligands
subject: Magnetic anisotropy
subject: Molecules
subject: Nitrides
subject: Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
subject: Paramagnetism
subject: Rare earth elements
subject: Scandium
subject: 540

description: Paramagnetic and variable temperature 13C and 45Sc nuclear magnetic resonance studies are performed for nitride clusterfullerenes MSc2N@C80 with icosahedral Ih(7) carbon cage, where M runs through all lanthanides forming nitride clusters. The influence of the endohedral lanthanide ions on the NMR spectral pattern is carefully followed, and dramatic differences are found in peak positions and line widths. Thus, 13C lines broaden from 0.01–0.02 ppm in diamagnetic MSc2N@C80 molecules (M = La, Y, Lu) to several ppm in TbSc2N@C80 and DySc2N@C80. Direction of the paramagnetic shift depends on the shape of the 4f electron density in corresponding lanthanide ions. In TmSc2N@C80 and ErSc2N@C80 with prolate 4f-density of lanthanide ions, 13C signals are shifted down-field, whereas 45Sc peaks are shifted up-field versus diamagnetic values. In all other MSc2N@C80 molecules lanthanide ions have oblate-shaped 4f electron density, and the lanthanide-induced shift is negative for 13C and positive for 45Sc peaks. Analysis of the pseudocontact and contact contributions to chemical shifts revealed that the pseudocontact term dominates both in 13C and 45Sc NMR spectra, although contact shifts for 13C signals are also considerable. Point charge computations of the ligand field splitting are performed to explain experimental results, and showed reasonable agreement with experimental pseudocontact shifts. Nitrogen atom bearing large negative charge and located close to the lanthanide ion results in large magnetic anisotropy of lanthanide ions in nitride clusterfullerenes with quasi-uniaxial ligand field.
title: Targeting inflammation receptors in combination with low dose radiotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer
Creators: name: Ratnayake, Gishan
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Lung
subject: Experimental
subject: Radiobiology
subject: Biological effects

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Purpose: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Australia 1 . Radiotherapy is a cornerstone in the management of NSCLC and is known to have important immunomodulatory effects 2 . The response to low doses of...
title:  A violência de gênero na literatura brasileira: marcas da ficção de Marina Colasanti e Nélida Piñon
Creators: name: Santos Gomes, Carlos Magno
name: Dias Santos, Gardênia
name: de Jesus Santos  , Maria Juliana
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2015

description:  O presente artigo faz um paralelo entre a violência de gênero na sociedade brasileira e nas representações ficcionais com ênfase na análise do conto «A moça tecelã» (1978), de Marina Colasanti, e do romance Vozes do deserto (2004), de Nélida Piñon, a fim de questionar as diversas formas de opressão infligidas às mulheres, oriundas da cultura patriarcal, como o cárcere privado e a violência sexual. Para tanto, exploramos as categorias teóricas: ‘dominação masculina’, do francês Pierre Bourdieu; e ‘feminicídio’, assassinato de mulheres, a partir das perspectivas sociológicas e antropológicas de Rita Laura Segato e Wânia Pasinato.
description: KRYPTON – VOL.5/6 – 2015 – VIOLENZA
Bifurcations of Central Configurations in the Four-Body Problem with some equal masses
Creators: name: Rusu, David
name: Santoprete, Manuele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the bifurcations of central configurations of the Newtonian four-body problem when some of the masses are equal. First, we continue numerically the solutions for the equal mass case, and we find values of the mass parameter at which the number of solutions changes. Then, using the Krawczyk method and some result of equivariant bifurcation theory, we rigorously prove the existence of such bifurcations and classify them.
Immersion freezing of birch pollen washing water
Creators: name: Augustin, S.
name: Wex, H.
name: Niedermeier, D.
name: Pummer, B.
name: Grothe, H.
name: Hartmann, S.
name: Tomsche, L.
name: Clauss, T.
name: Voigtländer, J.
name: Ignatius, K.
name: Stratmann, F.
Publisher: name: München : European Geopyhsical Union
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: aerosol
subject: cooling
subject: droplet
subject: freezing
subject: nucleation
subject: parameterization
subject: particulate matter
subject: pollen
subject: 550

description: Birch pollen grains are known to be ice nucleating active biological particles. The ice nucleating activity has previously been tracked down to biological macromolecules that can be easily extracted from the pollen grains in water. In the present study, we investigated the immersion freezing behavior of these ice nucleating active (INA) macromolecules. Therefore we measured the frozen fractions of particles generated from birch pollen washing water as a function of temperature at the Leipzig Aerosol Cloud Interaction Simulator (LACIS). Two different birch pollen samples were considered, with one originating from Sweden and one from the Czech Republic. For the Czech and Swedish birch pollen samples, freezing was observed to start at −19 and −17 °C, respectively. The fraction of frozen droplets increased for both samples down to −24 °C. Further cooling did not increase the frozen fractions any more. Instead, a plateau formed at frozen fractions below 1. This fact could be used to determine the amount of INA macromolecules in the droplets examined here, which in turn allowed for the determination of nucleation rates for single INA macromolecules. The main differences between the Swedish birch pollen and the Czech birch pollen were obvious in the temperature range between −17 and −24 °C. In this range, a second plateau region could be seen for Swedish birch pollen. As we assume INA macromolecules to be the reason for the ice nucleation, we concluded that birch pollen is able to produce at least two different types of INA macromolecules. We were able to derive parameterizations for the heterogeneous nucleation rates for both INA macromolecule types, using two different methods: a simple exponential fit and the Soccer ball model. With these parameterization methods we were able to describe the ice nucleation behavior of single INA macromolecules from both the Czech and the Swedish birch pollen.
title: Early Pregnancy Correlation of Serum b-HCG with Gestational Sac Visibility on Ultrasound
Creators: name: Amjadeen, Muhammed
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Foetal imaging
subject: Obstetrics (Pregnancy / birth / postnatal period)
subject: Pelvis
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Surgery
subject: Acute
subject: Foetus

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Purpose: To ascertain the relationship between b-HCG levels and gestational sac visibility on trans-vaginal ultrasound in early pregnancy, and to identify the b-HCG level below which a gestational sac is consistently not...
title: The Positive Diagnosis Rate of Computed Tomography Scans Performed for Symptomatic Neutropaenia in a Single Center
Creators: name: Chang, Victor
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Oncology
subject: CT
subject: Localisation
subject: Infection

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Purpose: Febrile neutropenia is a common oncological emergency in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy and bone marrow transplants. It can be the only sign of infection with an estimated 60-70% of cases having a clinically unidentifiable source of...
Hierarchical architecture of dopaminergic circuits enables second-order conditioning in Drosophila
Creators: name: Li, Feng
name: Funke, Jan
name: Bushey, Daniel
name: Litwin-Kumar, Ashok
name: Hige, Toshihide
name: Sammons, Megan
name: Aso, Yoshinori
name: Hibbard, Karen L
name: Yamada, Daichi
Publisher: name: eLife
Year: 2023

description: Dopaminergic neurons with distinct projection patterns and physiological properties compose memory subsystems in a brain. However, it is poorly understood whether or how they interact during complex learning. Here, we identify a feedforward circuit formed between dopamine subsystems and show that it is essential for second-order conditioning, an ethologically important form of higher-order associative learning. The Drosophila mushroom body comprises a series of dopaminergic compartments, each of which exhibits distinct memory dynamics. We find that a slow and stable memory compartment can serve as an effective 'teacher' by instructing other faster and transient memory compartments via a single key interneuron, which we identify by connectome analysis and neurotransmitter prediction. This excitatory interneuron acquires enhanced response to reward-predicting odor after first-order conditioning and, upon activation, evokes dopamine release in the 'student' compartments. These hierarchical connections between dopamine subsystems explain distinct properties of first- and second-order memory long known by behavioral psychologists.
title: Retrospective analysis of effects of pelvic radiotherapy on bone mineral density in patients with gynaecological malignancies
Creators: name: Godber, Charles
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: Oncology
subject: CT-Quantitative
subject: Radiation therapy / Oncology
subject: Demineralisation-Bone
subject: Toxicity

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Purpose: Loss of bone mineral density (BMD) and pelvic insufficiency fractures (PIF) are well-documented complications of external beam radiotherapy for gynaecological malignancies and contribute to significant post-treatment morbidity and mortality 1,2 ....
title: Travel distances of cancer patients treated with radiation therapy in Victoria, Australia
Creators: name: Trommer, Maike
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Oncology
subject: Other
subject: Health policy and practice
subject: Quality assurance

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Purpose: Radiotherapy (RT) is required in nearly half of all new cases of cancer, and it is commonly given to individuals dealing with breast, lung, prostate, and colorectal cancer. Administering RT demands specialised healthcare facilities that encompass...
Rapid CVD growth of millimetre-sized single crystal graphene using a cold-wall reactor
Creators: name: Miseikis, Vaidotas
name: Convertino, Domenica
name: Mishra, Neeraj
name: Gemmi, Mauro
name: Mashoff, Torge
name: Heun, Stefan
name: Haghighian, Niloofar
name: Bisio, Francesco
name: Canepa, Maurizio
name: Piazza, Vincenzo
name: Coletti, Camilla
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we present a simple pathway to obtain large single-crystal graphene on copper (Cu) foils with high growth rates using a commercially available cold-wall chemical vapour deposition (CVD) reactor. We show that graphene nucleation density is drastically reduced and crystal growth is accelerated when: i) using ex-situ oxidised foils; ii) performing annealing in an inert atmosphere prior to growth; iii) enclosing the foils to lower the precursor impingement flux during growth. Growth rates as high as 14.7 and 17.5 micrometers per minute are obtained on flat and folded foils, respectively. Thus, single-crystal grains with lateral size of about one millimetre can be obtained in just one hour. The samples are characterised by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy as well as selected area electron diffraction (SAED) and low-energy electron diffraction (LEED), which confirm the high quality and homogeneity of the films. The development of a process for the quick production of large grain graphene in a commonly used commercial CVD reactor is a significant step towards an increased accessibility to millimetre-sized graphene crystals.
description: Article: 7 pages, 6 figures. Supplementary Information: 5 pages, 7 figures
title: Audit: Safety and diagnostic adequacy of CT-guided lung biopsies at Redcliffe Hospital's Radiology department
Creators: name: Yeung, Chester
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Lung
subject: CT
subject: Percutaneous
subject: Audit and standards
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Safety
subject: Quality assurance

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: CT-guided lung biopsies are performed to obtain a diagnostic sample of a suspicious lesion, often to investigate for lung cancer. A diagnostic biopsy must be adequate for histological analysis, and as with any medical procedure it is not without...
Direct nitrous oxide emissions from oilseed rape cropping – a meta-analysis
Creators: name: Walter, Katja
name: Don, Axel
name: Fuß, Roland
name: Kern, Jürgen
name: Drewer, Julia
name: Flessa, Heinz
Publisher: name: Milton Park : Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Biofuel
subject: Brassica napus
subject: canola
subject: greenhouse gas emission
subject: N2O
subject: RME
subject: 630

description: Oilseed rape is one of the leading feedstocks for biofuel production in Europe. The climate change mitigation effect of rape methyl ester (RME) is particularly challenged by the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions during crop production, mainly as nitrous oxide (N2O) from soils. Oilseed rape requires high nitrogen fertilization and crop residues are rich in nitrogen, both potentially causing enhanced N2O emissions. However, GHG emissions of oilseed rape production are often estimated using emission factors that account for crop-type specifics only with respect to crop residues. This meta-analysis therefore aimed to assess annual N2O emissions from winter oilseed rape, to compare them to those of cereals and to explore the underlying reasons for differences. For the identification of the most important factors, linear mixed effects models were fitted with 43 N2O emission data points deriving from 12 different field sites. N2O emissions increased exponentially with N-fertilization rates, but interyear and site-specific variability were high and climate variables or soil parameters did not improve the prediction model. Annual N2O emissions from winter oilseed rape were 22% higher than those from winter cereals fertilized at the same rate. At a common fertilization rate of 200 kg N ha−1 yr−1, the mean fraction of fertilizer N that was lost as N2O-N was 1.27% for oilseed rape compared to 1.04% for cereals. The risk of high yield-scaled N2O emissions increased after a critical N surplus of about 80 kg N ha−1 yr−1. The difference in N2O emissions between oilseed rape and cereal cultivation was especially high after harvest due to the high N contents in oilseed rape's crop residues. However, annual N2O emissions of winter oilseed rape were still lower than predicted by the Stehfest and Bouwman model. Hence, the assignment of oilseed rape to the crop-type classes of cereals or other crops should be reconsidered.
Distinct metallization and atomization transitions in dense liquid hydrogen
Creators: name: Mazzola, Guglielmo
name: Sorella, Sandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform molecular dynamics simulations driven by accurate Quantum Monte Carlo forces on dense liquid hydrogen. Recently it has been reported a complete atomization transition between a mixed-atomic liquid and a completely dissociated fluid in an almost unaccessible pressure range {[\emph{Nat. Commun.} {\bf 5}, 3487 (2014)]}. Here instead, in a much more interesting pressure range, we identify a different transition between the fully molecular liquid and the mixed-atomic fluid at $\sim$ 400 GPa, with numerical evidence supporting its metallic behavior. Therefore we predict that the metallization at finite temperature occurs in this partially dissociated molecular fluid, well before the complete atomization of the liquid. At high temperature this first-order transition becomes a crossover, in very good agreement with the experimental observation. Several systematic tests supporting the quality of our large scale calculations are also reported.
title: Radiograph and Computed Tomography for Ankle Trauma: Making an Impactful Report for Surgical Planning
Creators: name: Leung, Wing Yee
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: CT
subject: Plain radiographic studies
subject: Education
subject: Surgery
subject: Education and training
subject: Trauma

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To demonstrate different types and patterns of ankle fractures according to mechanisms. To recommend ways for radiologists to provide comprehensive reports with correct lexicon and classification systems tailored for orthopaedic...
Come hell or high water
Creators: name: La Puma, David Anthony
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2010

description: Understanding the effect of disturbance on rare and endangered species is critical for effective conservation. In this dissertation, I tested the effects of fire on the federally endangered Cape Sable seaside sparrow in Everglades National Park, Florida. In chapter 1, I used an unplanned fire event which burned a long-term research plot to test the effect of fire on the abundance and reproduction of a single subpopulation of the species. Sparrows were immediately impacted by the fire, in that no birds utilized the burned habitat for two full breeding seasons following the event. Moreover, no birds that had been banded in the burned habitat, prior to the fire, were ever relocated. Despite the initial impact, sparrows reclaimed burned habitat three years after fire at densities and nesting success indistinguishable from the unburned area. This suggests that fire provided neither benefit nor lasting negative effects to the sparrows. Vegetation structure was the most important factor in determining when sparrows return. In Chapter 2, I determined whether the processes witnessed at the local scale were supported in patterns of sparrow occupancy across the entire range of the species. I used a 16-year fire history database in conjunction with 13 years of survey data on sparrow site occupancy to calculate time-since-fire for each survey point. Then using logistic mixed models, I tested whether fire had an effect on occupancy and whether this effect varied according to time-since-fire. My results indicate that sparrow occupancy was significantly lower at points that had experienced fire one and two years prior, but this effect was lost in points with three years or more since being burned. My results, therefore, provide the first confirmation of fire effects on the Cape Sable seaside sparrow at both the local and landscape scales. In Chapter 3, I demonstrated how a long-term monitoring dataset, the 16-year sparrow helicopter survey, could be used to make inference about the statistical power of the current monitoring program. I used zero-inflated Poisson and binomial models to account for excess variation in the data, and generate parameter estimates from which I simulated sparrow population declines through time. Using these simulated data, I determined the statistical power of the current sparrow survey to detect meaningful declines in both abundance and occupancy. My results showed that the current sparrow survey is unable to detect even large declines (>90%) over short time periods (three years). Survey power increased with additional years of data (5-10 years). With efforts to restore the Everglades ecosystem currently underway, park managers require a more precise tool than the current survey in order to detect important changes to sparrow populations.
Asynchronous rotation of Earth-mass planets in the habitable zone of lower-mass stars
Creators: name: Leconte, Jérémy
name: Wu, Hanbo
name: Menou, Kristen
name: Murray, Norman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Planets in the habitable zone of lower-mass stars are often assumed to be in a state of tidally synchronized rotation, which would considerably affect their putative habitability. Although thermal tides cause Venus to rotate retrogradely, simple scaling arguments tend to attribute this peculiarity to the massive Venusian atmosphere. Using a global climate model, we show that even a relatively thin atmosphere can drive terrestrial planets' rotation away from synchronicity. We derive a more realistic atmospheric tide model that predicts four asynchronous equilibrium spin states, two being stable, when the amplitude of the thermal tide exceeds a threshold that is met for habitable Earth-like planets with a 1-bar atmosphere around stars more massive than 0.5-0.7Msun. Thus, many recently discovered terrestrial planets could exhibit asynchronous spin-orbit rotation, even with a thin atmosphere.
description: Authors version of the manuscript including Supplementary Materials. Published in Science (February 6th, 2015). Title corrected
MPEC 2023-R04 : DAILY ORBIT UPDATE (2023 September 3)
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
title: Comparison between In-Hospital and Community Onset Stroke Treated with Endovascular Thrombectomy: A Propensity Score-Matched Cohort Study
Creators: name: Cheema, Chesvin
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Thrombolysis
subject: Embolism / Thrombosis

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Purpose: Patients with acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) onset during hospital admission often have concurrent illnesses, increased underlying co-morbidities and are often associated with a delayed recognition of stroke onset, compared to patients with stroke...
Additional file 5 of Health Benefits of Different Sports: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal and Intervention Studies Including 2.6 Million Adult Participants
Creators: name: Oja, Pekka
name: Memon, Aamir Raoof
name: Titze, Sylvia
name: Jurakic, Danijel
name: Chen, Si-Tong
name: Shrestha, Nipun
name: Em, Sowannry
name: Matolic, Tena
name: Vasankari, Tommi
name: Heinonen, Ari
name: Grgic, Jozo
name: Koski, Pasi
name: Kokko, Sami
name: Kelly, Paul
name: Foster, Charlie
name: Podnar, Hrvoje
name: Pedisic, Zeljko
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 5: Methodological quality appraisal of longitudinal studies using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale.
Improving cascade outcomes for active TB: A global systematic review and meta-analysis of TB interventions
Creators: name: Tucker J.D.
name: Wu D.
name: Liao H.
name: Zou X.
name: Sylvia S.
name: Wang Y.
name: Chou R.
name: Nie J.
name: Marley G.
name: Tao Y.
name: Cheng W.
name: Tang W.
name: Ong J.
name: Xie Y.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2023

description: BACKGROUND: To inform policy and implementation that can enhance prevention and improve tuberculosis (TB) care cascade outcomes, this review aimed to summarize the impact of various interventions on care cascade outcomes for active TB. METHODS AND FINDINGS: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we retrieved English articles with comparator arms (like randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and before and after intervention studies) that evaluated TB interventions published from January 1970 to September 30, 2022, from Embase, CINAHL, PubMed, and the Cochrane library. Commentaries, qualitative studies, conference abstracts, studies without standard of care comparator arms, and studies that did not report quantitative results for TB care cascade outcomes were excluded. Data from studies with similar comparator arms were pooled in a random effects model, and outcomes were reported as odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) and number of studies (k). The quality of evidence was appraised using GRADE, and the study was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42018103331). Of 21,548 deduplicated studies, 144 eligible studies were included. Of 144 studies, 128 were from low/middle-income countries, 84 were RCTs, and 25 integrated TB and HIV care. Counselling and education was significantly associated with testing (OR = 8.82, 95% CI:1.71 to 45.43; I2 = 99.9%, k = 7), diagnosis (OR = 1.44, 95% CI:1.08 to 1.92; I2 = 97.6%, k = 9), linkage to care (OR = 3.10, 95% CI = 1.97 to 4.86; I2 = 0%, k = 1), cure (OR = 2.08, 95% CI:1.11 to 3.88; I2 = 76.7%, k = 4), treatment completion (OR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.07 to 2.03; I2 = 73.1%, k = 8), and treatment success (OR = 3.24, 95% CI: 1.88 to 5.55; I2 = 75.9%, k = 5) outcomes compared to standard-of-care. Incentives, multisector collaborations, and community-based interventions were associated with at least three TB care cascade outcomes; digital interventions and mixed interventions were associated with an increased likelihood of two cascade outcomes each. These findings remained salient when studies were limited to RCTs only. Also, our study does not cover the entire care cascade as we did not measure gaps in pre-testing, pretreatment, and post-treatment outcomes (like loss to follow-up and TB recurrence). CONCLUSIONS: Among TB interventions, education and counseling, incentives, community-based interventions, and mixed interventions were associated with multiple active TB care cascade outcomes. However, cost-effectiveness and local-setting contexts should be considered when choosing such strategies due to their high heterogeneity.
title: Comparison of fluoroscopic endoluminal biliary biopsy techniques in diagnosing biliary strictures
Creators: name: Patel, Ishita
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biliary Tract / Gallbladder
subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Oncology
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Biopsy
subject: Cholangiography
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Metastases
subject: Neoplasia

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Purpose: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of two endo-biliary sampling methods 1. brush cytology and 2. forceps biopsy at percutaneous transhepatic cholangiogram (PTC) procedures in diagnosing malignant biliary...
A Raspberry Pi-Based Attitude Sensor
Creators: name: Sreejith, A. G.
name: Mathew, Joice
name: Sarpotdar, Mayuresh
name: Mohan, Rekhesh
name: Nayak, Akshata
name: Safonova, Margarita
name: Murthy, Jayant
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a lightweight low-cost attitude sensor, based on a Raspberry Pi, built with readily available commercial components. It can be used in experiments where weight and power are constrained, such as in high- altitude lightweight balloon flights. This attitude sensor will be used as a major building block in a closed-loop control system with driver motors to stabilize and point cameras and telescopes for astronomical observations from a balloon-borne payload.
description: Journal of Astronomical Instrumentation, Volume 03, Issue 02, November 2014
title: To distinguish disseminated cryptococcomas from metastatic disease on CT and MRI
Creators: name: Ciubuc-Batcu, Maria-Theodora
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Soft tissues / Skin
subject: Other
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Treatment effects
subject: Infection

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Cryptococcus gattii infection is endemic in immunocompetent populations within tropical and subtropical countries including Australia and, unlike C. neoformans, C. gattii infection is more likely to result in cryptococcomas within the brain and...
title:  Commemorating Violence as Therapy for Trauma in the Post-Civil War Anglophone Lebanese Novel
Creators: name: Layoun, Pamela
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2015

description: In the period extending from 1975 to 1990, Lebanon entered a very dark phase in its history, as it became the battlefield of clashing communities and factions. The end of the war invited a willing erasure of fifteen years of violence from the national consciousness of Lebanese people leaving them burdened with the heavy weight of trauma. As the government deliberately refuses to keep the memory of the War alive, the novels written in the postwar period by contemporary immigrant Anglophone Lebanese writers seek to pull the bloody events out of amnesia and offer the Lebanese people the possibility to deal with their trauma publicly by coming face to face with the violence they had to endure.
description: KRYPTON – VOL.5/6 – 2015 – VIOLENZA