cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Pearls on a String: Numerous Stellar Clusters Strung along the Same Orbit
Creators: name: Coronado, Johanna
name: Fürnkranz, Verena
name: Rix, Hans-Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stars originate from the dense interstellar medium, which exhibits filamentary structure to scales of $\sim 1$ kpc in galaxies like our Milky Way. We explore quantitatively how much resulting large-scale correlation there is among different stellar clusters and associations in \emph{orbit phase space}, characterized here by actions and angles. As a starting point, we identified 55 prominent stellar overdensities in the 6D space of orbit (actions) and orbital phase (angles), among the $\sim$ 2.8 million stars with radial velocities from Gaia EDR3 and $d \leq 800$ pc. We then explored the orbital \emph{phase} distribution of all sample stars in the same \emph{orbit} patch as any one of these 55 overdensities. We find that very commonly numerous other distinct orbital phase overdensities exist along these same orbits, like pearls on a string. These `pearls' range from known stellar clusters to loose, unrecognized associations. Among orbit patches defined by one initial orbit-phase overdensity 50\% contain at least 8 additional orbital-phase pearls of 10 cataloged members; 20\% of them contain 20 additional pearls. This is in contrast to matching orbit patches sampled from a smooth mock catalog, or offset nearby orbit patches, where there are only 2 (or 5, respectively) comparable pearls. Our findings quantify for the first time how common it is for star clusters and associations to form at distinct orbital phases of nearly the same orbit. This may eventually offer a new way to probe the 6D orbit structure of the filamentary interstellar medium.
description: 21 pages including 15 figures and appendix. Accepted for publication in ApJ. As this will be my last submission to arXiv I wanted to thank everyone who has helped me along all these years with words of encouragement and support
RECEIPT Interview or workshop consent form
Creators: name: Coulter, Liese
name: Dessai, Suraje
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: workshop; informed; consent; form; Chatham House; interview; stakeholder; ethics; participant; blank

description: This consent form will be used for participant interviews and stakeholder workshops to inform and gain consent for data collection to support the RECEIPT project.
description: This form includes a description of, and agreement for, abiding by the Chatham House rule by all participants in workshops.
Quantum Mollow Quadruplet in Non-linear Cavity-QED
Creators: name: Allcock, Thomas
name: Langbein, Wolfgang
name: Muljarov, Egor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop an exact analytical approach to the optical response of a quantum dot-microcavity system for arbitrary excitation strengths. The response is determined in terms of the complex amplitudes of transitions between the rungs of the Jaynes-Cummings ladder, explicitly isolating nonlinearities of different orders. Increasing the pulse area of the excitation field, we demonstrate the formation of a quantum Mollow quadruplet (QMQ), quantizing the semi-classical Mollow triplet into a coherent superposition of a large number of transitions between rungs of the ladder, with inner and outer doublets of the QMQ formed by densely lying inner and outer quantum transitions between the split rungs. Remarkably, a closed-form analytic approximation for the QMQ of any order of nonlinearity is found in the high-field low-damping limit.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
title: Close Coupling Between Phytoplankton Size Structure And Sardine (Sardina Pilchardus) Biomass In Frontal Systems Of The West Coast Of The Iberian Peninsula
Creators: name: Pérez, Valesca
name: Fernández, Emilio
name: Bode, Antonio
name: Carrera, Pablo
name: Castro, Begoña
name: Ceballos, Elvira
name: Lorenzo, Jorge
name: Peña, Marian
name: Varela, Manuel
name: Varela, Marta María
Publisher: name: ASC 2004 - Q - Theme session
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics
Bay of Biscay and the Iberian Coast (ICES Ecoregion)

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Sardine (Sardine Pilchardus, Walbaum 1792) supports one of the oldest fisheries of the western Spanish coast. Sardine diet is based on phytoplankton, micro-and mesozooplankton.According to conceptual models, systems characterized by low stability are dominated by larger phytoplankton cells and the photosynthesized organic matter is transferred to higher trophiclevels. On contrary, highly stratificatedsystems are dominated by small phytoplankton cells, the photosynthetic carbon is recycled in the photic layer and therefore low fish abundance would be expected.The main goal of this investigation was to find out the relationships between the thermohalinecharacteristics of the water column, total phytoplankton biomass and size distribution, and the abundance sardine in the NW coast of the Iberian Peninsula.
The newly observed state $D_{s0}(2590)^{+}$
Creators: name: Wang, Guo-Li
name: Li, Wei
name: Feng, Tai-Fu
name: Wang, Ying-Long
name: Liu, Yu-Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We choose the Reduction Formula, PCAC and Low Energy Theory to reduce the $S$ matrix of a OZI allowed two-body strong decay involving a light pseudoscalar, the covariant transition amplitude formula with relativistic wave functions as input is derived. After confirm this method by the decay $D^*(2010)\to Dπ$, we study the newly observed $D_{s0}(2590)^{+}$ with supposing it to be the state $D_s(2^1S_0)^+$, we find its decay width $Γ$ is highly sensitive to the $D_{s0}(2590)^{+}$ mass, which result in the meaningless comparison of widths by different models with various input masses. Instead of width, we studied the overlap integral over the wave functions of initial and final states, here we parameterized it as $X$ which is model-independent, and the ratio $Γ/{|{\vec P_f}|^3}$, both are almost mass independent, to give us useful information. The results show that, all the existing theoretical predictions $X_{D_s(2S) \to D^*K}=0.25\sim 0.41$ and $Γ/{|{\vec P_f}|^3}=0.81\sim1.77$ MeV$^{-2}$ are smaller than experimental data $0.585^{+0.015}_{-0.035}$ and $4.54^{+0.25}_{-0.52}$ MeV$^{-2}$. Further compared with $X^{ex}_{D^*(2010) \to Dπ}=0.540\pm0.009$, the current data $X^{ex}_{D_s(2S) \to D^*K}=0.585^{+0.015}_{-0.035}$ is too big to be an reasonable value, so it is early to say $D_{s0}(2590)^{+}$ is the conventional $D_s(2^1S_0)^+$ meson.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures, 4 tables
The relationship between morphology and ionic conductivity of silk and cellulose biocomposites
Creators: name: Blessing, Bailey
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2020

description: Structural proteins and polysaccharides form hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions when mixed, and the resulting matrices can exhibit novel and useful properties. This study investigates the morphology, and physicochemical properties, especially ionic conductivity, of a mixture of silk and cellulose biomacromolecules as a function of composition, ionic liquid type, coagulation agent, and ionic liquid concentration. The structural, morphological, thermal, mechanical, and conductive properties of biomaterials composed of microcrystalline cellulose and Bombyx mori silk when regenerated together using ionic liquids and various coagulation agents were investigated using a diverse set of techniques including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray scattering, atomic force microscopy (AFM) based nanoindentation, and dielectric relaxation spectroscopy (DRS). The results demonstrate that the thermal, electrical, and mechanical properties were dependent on intermolecular interactions dictated by the type of ionic liquid used during the coagulation process. X-ray scattering provided information on how cellulose semicrystallinity varied with coagulation agent, composition, and ionic liquid concentration. Specifically, samples containing a higher percentage of cellulose and coagulated with hydrogen peroxide showed an increase in cellulose semicrystallinity, ultimately impacting properties such as elastic modulus, hardness, and ionic conductivity of the biocomposites. Also, the results revealed a strong correlation between β-sheet content and cellulose semicrystallinity and ionic conductivity. Specifically, it was seen that when the composition of silk and cellulose is equal, or the composition of silk is higher, the ionic conductivity is dependent on protein β-sheet content, with increasing β-sheet content leading to higher ionic conductivity. When the cellulose composition was higher than the silk, cellulose morphology and physicochemical properties became an essential factor in determining the ionic conductivity of the biocomposites. Furthermore, a change in the ionic liquid concentration in the biomaterial resulted in strong morphological and ionic conductivity changes. For these reasons, it is possible to suggest that ionic conductivity is dominated by molecular composition, ionic concentration, and morphology, as stated by the Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann model.
Asymptotic theory of hydrodynamic interactions between slender filaments
Creators: name: Tătulea-Codrean, Maria
name: Lauga, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 76-10, 76D07

description: Hydrodynamic interactions (HIs) are important in biophysics research because they influence both the collective and the individual behaviour of microorganisms and self-propelled particles. For instance, HIs at the micro-swimmer level determine the attraction or repulsion between individuals, and hence their collective behaviour. Meanwhile, HIs between swimming appendages (e.g. cilia and flagella) influence the emergence of swimming gaits, synchronised bundles and metachronal waves. In this study, we address the issue of HIs between slender filaments separated by a distance larger than their contour length (d>L) by means of asymptotic calculations and numerical simulations. We first derive analytical expressions for the extended resistance matrix of two arbitrarily-shaped rigid filaments as a series expansion in inverse powers of d/L>1. The coefficients in our asymptotic series expansion are then evaluated using two well-established methods for slender filaments, resistive-force theory (RFT) and slender-body theory (SBT), and our asymptotic theory is verified using numerical simulations based on SBT for the case of two parallel helices. The theory captures the qualitative features of the interactions in the regime d/L>1, which opens the path to a deeper physical understanding of hydrodynamically governed phenomena such as inter-filament synchronisation and multiflagellar propulsion. To demonstrate the usefulness of our results, we next apply our theory to the case of two helices rotating side-by-side, where we quantify the dependence of all forces and torques on the distance and phase difference between them. Using our understanding of pairwise HIs, we then provide physical intuition for the case of a circular array of rotating helices. Our theoretical results will be useful for the study of HIs between bacterial flagella, nodal cilia, and slender microswimmers.
On the Order of the Schur Multiplier of a Pair of Finite p-Groups II
Creators: name: Mohammadzadeh, Fahimeh
name: Hokmabadi, Azam
name: Mashayekhy, Behrooz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20E34, 20D15

description: Let $G$ be a finite $p$-group and $N$ be a normal subgroup of $G$, with $|N|=p^n$ and $|G/N|=p^m$. A result of Ellis (1998) shows that the order of the Schur multiplier of such a pair $(G,N)$ of finite $p$-groups is bounded by $ p^{\frac{1}{2}n(2m+n-1)}$ and hence it is equal to $ p^{\frac{1}{2}n(2m+n-1)-t}$, for some non-negative integer $t$. Recently the authors characterized the structure of $(G,N)$ when $N$ has a complement in $G$ and $t\leq 3$. This paper is devoted to classify the structure of $(G,N)$ when $N$ has a normal complement in $G$ and $t=4,5$.
description: 10 pages
title: Labour exploitation as a social determinant of health: A structured conceptual framework focusing on migrants working in manual low-skilled jobs
Creators: name: Boufkhed, S
Publisher: name: London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Year: 2020

description: Introduction: The fight against labour exploitation has received increasing attention globally, and has largely focused on migrant workers or sectors where they are mostly employed. In the United Kingdom (UK), for instance, labour exploitation is covered by the Modern Slavery and Immigration Acts, thereby connecting exploitation and migration. In public health, the lack of a common understanding of what exactly constitutes labour exploitation for migrant workers has limited the study of its impacts on migrant workers' health, and hindered the generation of evidence to inform policies and provide appropriate healthcare to address exploited migrant workers’ needs. Aim: This thesis aims to clarify the concept of labour exploitation focusing on migrants working in manual low-skilled jobs, by providing a structured conceptual framework using professional experts’ and migrant workers’ voices. It builds on the growing conceptualisation of labour exploitation as a continuum “between decent work and forced labour” (1). Methods: The main method used was Concept Mapping (CM). It was undertaken with two groups: 1) multidisciplinary professional experts; and 2) Latin American migrant workers in London (LAWs). A critical analysis and synthesis compared and combined both groups’ perspectives. Interviews with LAWs and key informants working with them were also used to prepare for the CM with LAWs and explore the issue of migrant workers’ exploitation in the UK context. Key findings: The expert CM generated the main structured conceptual framework, which revealed four main dimensions of labour exploitation: ‘Shelter and personal security’, ‘Finance and migration’, ‘Health and safety’, and ‘Social and legal protection’. The CM with LAW displayed three main dimensions: ‘Poor employment conditions and lack of protection’, ‘Health and safety and psychosocial hazards’ and ‘Disposability and abuse of power’ (or ‘Dehumanisation’). The adaptation of the expert skeleton map using LAW’s voices integrated the new dimension of ‘Dehumanisation’ and structural forms of coercion. Furthermore, the analysis of the interviews led to identifying an ecosocial model of labour exploitation, revealing micro (e.g. workplace) and macro (e.g. national) levels of labour exploitation. Conclusion: This thesis posits labour exploitation as a social determinant of migrant workers’ health, and clarifies its content based on professional experts’ and migrant workers’ inputs. The conceptual framework offers an operational tool that could support the development of a common body of evidence about the impact of labour exploitation on migrant workers’ health.
Snails Across Scales: Local and Global Phase-Mixing Structures as Probes of the Past and Future Milky Way
Creators: name: Gandhi, Suroor S.
name: Johnston, Kathryn V.
name: Hunt, Jason A. S.
name: Price-Whelan, Adrian M.
name: Laporte, Chervin F. P.
name: Hogg, David W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Signatures of vertical disequilibrium have been observed across the Milky Way's disk. These signatures manifest locally as unmixed phase-spirals in $z$--$v_z$ space ("snails-in-phase") and globally as nonzero mean $z$ and $v_z$ which wraps around as a physical spiral across the $x$--$y$ plane ("snails-in-space"). We explore the connection between these local and global spirals through the example of a satellite perturbing a test-particle Milky Way (MW)-like disk. We anticipate our results to broadly apply to any vertical perturbation. Using a $z$--$v_z$ asymmetry metric we demonstrate that in test-particle simulations: (a) multiple local phase-spiral morphologies appear when stars are binned by azimuthal action $J_ϕ$, excited by a single event (in our case, a satellite disk-crossing); (b) these distinct phase-spirals are traced back to distinct disk locations; and (c) they are excited at distinct times. Thus, local phase-spirals offer a global view of the MW's perturbation history from multiple perspectives. Using a toy model for a Sagittarius (Sgr)-like satellite crossing the disk, we show that the full interaction takes place on timescales comparable to orbital periods of disk stars within $R \lesssim 10$ kpc. Hence such perturbations have widespread influence which peaks in distinct regions of the disk at different times. This leads us to examine the ongoing MW-Sgr interaction. While Sgr has not yet crossed the disk (currently, $z_{Sgr} \approx -6$ kpc, $v_{z,Sgr} \approx 210$ km/s), we demonstrate that the peak of the impact has already passed. Sgr's pull over the past 150 Myr creates a global $v_z$ signature with amplitude $\propto M_{Sgr}$, which might be detectable in future spectroscopic surveys.
Comparison of Pregnancy Rate in Angus-cross Beef Cows following Insemination with Frozen Thawed or Fresh Extended Semen
Creators: name: Bucher, A. M.
name: Kasimanickam, R. K.
name: Hall, J. B.
name: DeJarnette, J. M.
name: Whittier, W. D.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2008

description: Currently cattle producers in the United States are increasing their farm size for economic profit and using synchronization programs for a fixed time AI for better reproductive management. This requires insemination of large number of cows on a single day. With this trend, there is an opportunity to investigate the possibility of maintaining or improving the reproductive outcomes using fresh extended semen with low sperm numbers instead of frozen semen with high sperm numbers per insemination. The objective of this study was to compare fixed time AI pregnancy rate in Angus cross beef cows inseminated with frozen thawed or fresh extended semen.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2008
title: Experiments On Development Of A Method For Greenland Halibut Assessment With The Use Of Underwater Video.
Creators: name: Zaferman, M. L.
name: Tarasova, G. P.
Publisher: name: ASC 2004 - R - Theme session
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.The method is based on bottom trawl survey, for which fishing efficiency that is a relation between a number of fish caught and fish in the fished area was measured with the aid of underwater video. The method and devices (underwater video recorders) were developed and used in the experiments on fishing efficiency. The velocity and spatial orientation of G. halibut in the trawl estuary were measured analysing video records, and the concentrating factors by trawl doors and cables as well as trawl efficiency coefficient were calculated.
title: 02_0771
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Transient Higgs oscillations and high-order nonlinear light-Higgs coupling in terahertz-wave drivenNbN superconductor
Creators: name: Wang, Z. X.
name: Xue, J. R.
name: Shi, H. K.
name: Jia, X. Q.
name: Lin, T.
name: Shi, L. Y.
name: Dong, T.
name: Wang, F.
name: Wang, N. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the nonlinear optical response in a superconducting NbN thin film with strong terahertz (THz)wave. Besides the expected third harmonic generation, we observe a new transient oscillation which softensin frequency with temperature increasing towards superconducting transition temperatureTc. We identify thisnew mode as the Higgs transient oscillation. To verify this proposal, we introduce a time-frequency resolvedtechnique, named spectrogram for visualizing THz spectrum. The dynamic decaying behavior of the mode isobserved, which is consistent with theoretical expectation about intrinsic Higgs oscillation. Moreover, a higherorder nonlinear optics effect,i.e.fifth harmonic generation, has been observed for the first time, which we assignto the higher order coupling between Higgs mode and electromagn
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Effects of Increasing Prepartum Dietary Protein Level on Production and Health of Multiparous Holstein Dairy Cows
Creators: name: Yazdi, M. Hossein
name: Amanlou, H.
name: Kafilzadeh, F.
name: Moghadam, M. Jahani
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2008

description: Effects of two levels of crude protein (CP) during late gestation on the production performance, health, blood metabolites and colostrums composition were determined in Holstein cows.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2008
Quantum-enabled interface between microwave and telecom light
Creators: name: Sahu, Rishabh
name: Hease, William
name: Rueda, Alfredo
name: Arnold, Georg
name: Qiu, Liu
name: Fink, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photons at telecom wavelength are the ideal choice for high density interconnects while solid state qubits in the microwave domain offer strong interactions for fast quantum logic. Here we present a general purpose, quantum-enabled interface between itinerant microwave and optical light. We use a pulsed electro-optic transducer at millikelvin temperatures to demonstrate nanosecond timescale control of the converted complex mode amplitude with an input added noise of $N^{oe}_\textrm{in} = 0.16^{+0.02}_{-0.01}$ ($N^{eo}_\textrm{in} = 1.11^{+0.15}_{-0.07}$) quanta for the microwave-to-optics (reverse) direction. Operating with up to unity cooperativity, this work enters the regime of strong coupling cavity quantum electro-optics characterized by unity internal efficiency and nonlinear effects such as the observed laser cooling of a superconducting cavity mode. The high quantum cooperativity of $C_q>10$ forms the basis for deterministic entanglement generation between superconducting circuits and light.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures
Tunability of the topological nodal-line semimetal phase in ZrSiX-type materials
Creators: name: Hosen, M. Mofazzel
name: Dimitri, Klauss
name: Belopolski, Ilya
name: Maldonado, Pablo
name: Sankar, Raman
name: Dhakal, Nagendra
name: Dhakal, Gyanendra
name: Cole, Taiason
name: Oppeneer, Peter M.
name: Kaczorowski, Dariusz
name: Chou, Fangcheng
name: Hasan, M. Zahid
name: Durakiewicz, Tomasz
name: Neupane, Madhab
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of a topological nodal-line (TNL) semimetal phase in ZrSiS has invigorated the study of other members of this family. Here, we present a comparative electronic structure study of ZrSiX (where X = S, Se, Te) using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) and first-principles calculations. Our ARPES studies show that the overall electronic structure of ZrSiX materials comprises of the diamond-shaped Fermi pocket, the nearly elliptical-shaped Fermi pocket, and a small electron pocket encircling the zone center ($Γ$) point, the M point, and the X point of the Brillouin zone, respectively. We also observe a small Fermi surface pocket along the M-$Γ$-M direction in ZrSiTe, which is absent in both ZrSiS and ZrSiSe. Furthermore, our theoretical studies show a transition from nodal-line to nodeless gapped phase by tuning the chalcogenide from S to Te in these material systems. Our findings provide direct evidence for the tunability of the TNL phase in ZrSiX material systems by adjusting the spin-orbit coupling (SOC) strength via the X anion.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Evaluation of Estrus Detection Efficacy and Accuracy by Three Methods in a Confinement or Pasture Management System with Holstein-Friesian Cows
Creators: name: Mee, J. F.
name: Palmer, M. A.
name: Olmos, G.
name: Boyle, L. A.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2008

description: Unlike some dairy industries where synchronization of estrus and ovulation is commonly practiced, dairy producers in Ireland rely on visual observation to detect spontaneous estrus in order to plan timing of artificial insemination (AI). A recent survey found that 59% of dairy producers using AI use estrus detection aids. Tail paint (93.9%) is the most commonly used aid (vasectomized bull 4%, Kamars 0.7%, other 1.4%). Though the majority of cows are bred at pasture, a minority of the national herd is bred while housed. The objective of this experiment was to compare the efficacy of three methods of estrus detection in two management systems.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2008
Target Oriented High Resolution SAR Image Formation via Semantic Information Guided Regularizations
Creators: name: Hou, Biao
name: Wen, Zaidao
name: Jiao, Licheng
name: Wu, Qian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Sparsity-regularized synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging framework has shown its remarkable performance to generate a feature enhanced high resolution image, in which a sparsity-inducing regularizer is involved by exploiting the sparsity priors of some visual features in the underlying image. However, since the simple prior of low level features are insufficient to describe different semantic contents in the image, this type of regularizer will be incapable of distinguishing between the target of interest and unconcerned background clutters. As a consequence, the features belonging to the target and clutters are simultaneously affected in the generated image without concerning their underlying semantic labels. To address this problem, we propose a novel semantic information guided framework for target oriented SAR image formation, which aims at enhancing the interested target scatters while suppressing the background clutters. Firstly, we develop a new semantics-specific regularizer for image formation by exploiting the statistical properties of different semantic categories in a target scene SAR image. In order to infer the semantic label for each pixel in an unsupervised way, we moreover induce a novel high-level prior-driven regularizer and some semantic causal rules from the prior knowledge. Finally, our regularized framework for image formation is further derived as a simple iteratively reweighted $\ell_1$ minimization problem which can be conveniently solved by many off-the-shelf solvers. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of our framework for SAR image formation in terms of target enhancement and clutters suppression, compared with the state of the arts. Additionally, the proposed framework opens a new direction of devoting some machine learning strategies to image formation, which can benefit the subsequent decision making tasks.
description: Submitted to IEEE TGRS
Formal method of synthesis of optimal topologies of computing systems based on projective description of graphs
Creators: name: Melent'ev, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A deterministic method for synthesizing the interconnect topologies optimized for the required properties is proposed. The method is based on the original description of graphs by projections, on establishing the bijective correspondence of the required properties and the projection properties of the initial graph, on postulating the corresponding restrictions of modified projections and on iteratively applying these restrictions to them either until the projection system is solved and the projections of the desired graph are obtained, or until its incompatibility with the given initial conditions is revealed.
description: In Russian
Nonlinear simulation of vascular tumor growth with chemotaxis and the control of necrosis
Creators: name: Lu, Min-Jhe
name: Hao, Wenrui
name: Liu, Chun
name: Lowengrub, John
name: Li, Shuwang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we develop a sharp interface tumor growth model in two dimensions to study the effect of both the intratumoral structure using a controlled necrotic core and the extratumoral nutrient supply from vasculature on tumor morphology. We first show that our model extends the benchmark results in the literature using linear stability analysis. Then we solve this generalized model numerically using a spectrally accurate boundary integral method in an evolving annular domain, not only with a Robin boundary condition on the outer boundary for the nutrient field which models tumor vasculature, but also with a static boundary condition on the inner boundary for pressure field which models the control of tumor necrosis. The discretized linear systems for both pressure and nutrient fields are shown to be well-conditioned through tracing GMRES iteration numbers. Our nonlinear simulations reveal the stabilizing effects of angiogenesis and the destabilizing ones of chemotaxis and necrosis in the development of tumor morphological instabilities if the necrotic core is fixed in a circular shape. When the necrotic core is controlled in a non-circular shape, the stabilizing effects of proliferation and the destabilizing ones of apoptosis are observed. Finally, the values of the nutrient concentration with its fluxes and the pressure level with its normal derivatives, which are solved accurately at the boundaries, help us to characterize the corresponding tumor morphology and the level of the biophysical quantities on interfaces required in keeping various shapes of the necrotic region of the tumor. Interestingly, we notice that when the necrotic region is fixed in a 3-fold non-circular shape, even if the initial shape of the tumor is circular, the tumor will evolve into a shape corresponding to the 3-fold symmetry of the shape of the fixed necrotic region.
description: 45 pages, 14 figures
Engineered Raman Lasing in Photonic Integrated Chalcogenide Microresonators
Creators: name: Huang, Yufei
name: Xia, Di
name: Zeng, Pingyang
name: Zhao, Jiaxin
name: Yang, Zelin
name: Sun, Suwan
name: Luo, Liyang
name: Hu, Guiying
name: Liu, Dong
name: Li, Yufei
name: Guo, Hairun
name: Zhang, Bin
name: Li, Zhaohui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chalcogenide glass (ChG) is an attractive material for integrated nonlinear photonics due to its wide transparency and high nonlinearity, and its capability of being directly deposited and patterned on Silicon wafer substrates. It has a singular Raman effect among amorphous materials. Yet, the Raman lasing performance in high quality and chip integrated ChG microresonators remains unexplored. Here, we demonstrate an engineered Raman lasing dynamic based on home developed photonic integrated high-Q ChG microresonators. With a quality factor above 10^6, we achieve the record-low lasing threshold 3.25 mW among integrated planar photonic platforms. Both the single-mode Raman lasers and a broadband Raman-Kerr comb are observed and characterized, which is dependent on the dispersion of our flexible photonic platform and engineered via tuning the waveguide geometric size. The tunability of such a chipscale Raman laser is also demonstrated through tuning the pump wavelength and tuning the operating temperature on the chip. This allows for the access of single-mode lasing at arbitrary wavelengths in the range 1615-1755 nm. Our results may contribute to the understanding of rich Raman and Kerr nonlinear interactions in dissipative and nonlinear microresonators, and on application aspect, may pave a way to chip-scale efficient Raman lasers that is highly desired in spectroscopic applications in the infrared.
description: 11pages, 10figures
The evolution of magnetic fields in hot stars
Creators: name: Oksala, Mary E.
name: Neiner, Coralie
name: Georgy, Cyril
name: Przybilla, Norbert
name: Keszthelyi, Zsolt
name: Wade, Gregg
name: Mathis, Stéphane
name: Blazère, Aurore
name: Buysschaert, Bram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over the last decade, tremendous strides have been achieved in our understanding of magnetism in main sequence hot stars. In particular, the statistical occurrence of their surface magnetism has been established (~10%) and the field origin is now understood to be fossil. However, fundamental questions remain: how do these fossil fields evolve during the post-main sequence phases, and how do they influence the evolution of hot stars from the main sequence to their ultimate demise? Filling the void of known magnetic evolved hot (OBA) stars, studying the evolution of their fossil magnetic fields along stellar evolution, and understanding the impact of these fields on the angular momentum, rotation, mass loss, and evolution of the star itself, is crucial to answering these questions, with far reaching consequences, in particular for the properties of the precursors of supernovae explosions and stellar remnants. In the framework of the BRITE spectropolarimetric survey and LIFE project, we have discovered the first few magnetic hot supergiants. Their longitudinal surface magnetic field is very weak but their configuration resembles those of main sequence hot stars. We present these first observational results and propose to interpret them at first order in the context of magnetic flux conservation as the radius of the star expands with evolution. We then also consider the possible impact of stellar structure changes along evolution.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, IAUS 329 conference proceeding
A Case Study of Waste Milk Quality Assessments at a Calf Ranch
Creators: name: Moore, D. A.
name: Taylor, J.
name: Hartman, M. L.
name: Sischo, W. M.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2008

description: Non-salable whole milk from dairy farms is an economical, nutritious source of feed for neonatal calves and is purchased by calf ranches for feeding replacement heifers and dairy-source bull calves. However, for calf rearing operations that utilize this milk, quality control measures on milk coming from the dairies, other than pasteurization, are often lacking .. It was the purpose of this project to evaluate some potential quality monitors for dairy waste milk intended for neonatal calf consumption.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2008
title: Joint Application Of Trawl And Acoustic Samples In Demersal Fish Assessment Improvement
Creators: name: Kasatkina, S.M.
name: Gasyukov, P.S.
name: Ivanova, V.F.
Publisher: name: ASC 2004 - R - Theme session
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.We consider the spatial structure of biomass distribution in the near-bottom fished depths layer (0-8 m) and analyze the trawl and acoustic density samples (the South Georgia Subarea, surveys 2000-2002) on the basis of the acoustic measurements performed during bottom trawl surveys of icefish (Champsocephalus gunnari). Density estimates obtained in simultaneous trawl and acoustic samples on each trawl station are compared. Considerable difference of icefish biomass estimates based on simultaneous density samples obtained using two methods is demonstrated. Biomass estimates are accompanied by statistical characteristics, obtained with the bootstrap method. Fish density distribution in the near-bottom layer between trawl stations is analyzed and compared to the density estimates on trawl stations. The impact of icefish distribution heterogeneity on the bottom trawl survey results is shown. The results of catchability estimates of the survey bottom trawl with vertical opening 8m are presented. The differential trawl catchability is considered as the source of uncertainty in fish length composition assessment and target strength (TS) estimates based on TS and L relationship. In conclusion the ways of joint application of acoustic and trawl indices in demersal fishes stocks assessment is considered.
Light Sterile Neutrinos and a High-Quality Axion from a Holographic Peccei-Quinn Mechanism
Creators: name: Cox, Peter
name: Gherghetta, Tony
name: Nguyen, Minh D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a 5D axion-neutrino model that explains the Standard Model fermion mass hierarchy and flavor structure, while simultaneously generating a high-quality axion. The axion and right-handed neutrinos transform under a 5D Peccei-Quinn gauge symmetry, and have highly suppressed profiles on the UV brane where the symmetry is explicitly broken. This setup allows neutrinos to be either Dirac, or Majorana with hierarchically small sterile neutrino masses. The axion decay constant originates from the IR scale, which in the holographically dual 4D description corresponds to the confinement scale of some new strong dynamics with a high-quality global Peccei-Quinn symmetry that produces a composite axion and light, composite sterile neutrinos. The sterile neutrinos could be observed in astrophysical or laboratory experiments, and the model predicts specific axion--neutrino couplings.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures; v2: published version
The Use of Lung Biopsy to Determine Early Lung Pathology and Its Association with Health and Production Outcomes in High-Risk Feedlot Steers
Creators: name: Burgess, Brandy A.
name: Hendrick, Steve H.
name: Pollock, Colleen M.
name: Booker, Calvin W.
name: Jim, G. Kee
name: Abutarbush, Sameeh M.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2008

description: The purposes of this study were to determine if lung biopsy can be used to characterize pulmonary pathology at feedlot arrival and in sick calves within the first 30 days on feed; to determine if lung pathology is associated with health and production outcomes; and to determine the microbiological agents associated with early lung pathology using lung biopsy.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2008
The very fast evolution of Sakurai's object
Creators: name: Van de Steene, G. C.
name: van Hoof, P. A. M.
name: Kimeswenger, S.
name: Zijlstra, A. A.
name: Avison, A.
name: Guzman-Ramirez, L.
name: Hajduk, M.
name: Herwig, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: V4334 Sgr (a.k.a. Sakurai's object) is the central star of an old planetary nebula that underwent a very late thermal pulse a few years before its discovery in 1996. We have been monitoring the evolution of the optical emission line spectrum since 2001. The goal is to improve the evolutionary models by constraining them with the temporal evolution of the central star temperature. In addition the high resolution spectral observations obtained by X-shooter and ALMA show the temporal evolution of the different morphological components.
description: 2 pages, 2 figures to appear in the Proceedings of the IAU Symp. 323: "Planetary nebulae: Multi-wavelength probes of stellar and galactic evolution". Eds. X.-W. Liu, L. Stanghellini and A. Karakas
All the Roads to Market: The Soviet Union, China and the World Bank’s Narrative of Capitalism
Creators: name: Varga, Mihai
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: postcommunist economic reform
subject: capitalism
subject: narratives
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::300 Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie::301 Soziologie, Anthropologie

description: This essay explores the consequences of postcommunist economic reform for narratives about capitalism, using the example of World Bank discourse. It shows how the World Bank’s capitalism narrative has changed to reflect post-Soviet reform complications and the growing Sino–(post-)Soviet contrast. While the capitalism narrative struggles to show that there is one (global) capitalism or market economy model, reform anomalies and the Sino–(post-)Soviet contrast turn the model into a complex political–economic hybrid. Simultaneously, the interplay between the capitalism narrative and reform anomalies highlights the World Bank’s relevance for neoliberal ideational production.
On Varietal Capability of Infinite Direct Products of Groups
Creators: name: Mirebrahimi, Hanieh
name: Mashayekhy, Behrooz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20E10, 20K25, 20E34, 20D15, 20F18

description: Recently, the authors gave some conditions under which a direct product of finitely many groups is $\mathcal{V}-$capable if and only if each of its factors is $\mathcal{V}-$capable for some varieties $\mathcal{V}$. In this paper, we extend this fact to any infinite direct product of groups. Moreover, we conclude some results for $\mathcal{V}-$capability of direct products of infinitely many groups in varieties of abelian, nilpotent and polynilpotent groups.
description: 6 pages
An augmented Lagrangian algorithm for recovery of ice thickness in unidirectional flow using the Shallow Ice Approximation
Creators: name: McGeorge, Elizabeth K.
name: Moyers-Gonzalez, Miguel
name: Sellier, Mathieu
name: Wilson, Phillip L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A key parameter in ice flow modelling is basal slipping at the ice-bed interface as it can have a large effect on the resultant ice thickness. Unfortunately, its contribution to surface observations can be hard to distinguish from that of bed undulations. Therefore, inferring the ice thickness from surface measurements is an interesting and non-trivial inverse problem. This paper presents a method for recovering dually the ice thickness and the basal slip using only surface elevation and speed measurements. The unidirectional shallow ice approximation is first implemented to model steady state ice flow for given bedrock and basal slip profiles. This surface is then taken as synthetic observed data. An augmented Lagrangian algorithm is then used to find the diffusion coefficient which gives the best fit to observations. Combining this recovered diffusion with observed surface velocity, a simple Newton's method is used to recover both the ice thickness and basal slip. The method was successful in each test case and this implies that it should be possible to recover both of these parameters in two-dimensional cases also.
Fast Singular Value Shrinkage with Chebyshev Polynomial Approximation Based on Signal Sparsity
Creators: name: Onuki, Masaki
name: Ono, Shunsuke
name: Shirai, Keiichiro
name: Tanaka, Yuichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose an approximation method for thresholding of singular values using Chebyshev polynomial approximation (CPA). Many signal processing problems require iterative application of singular value decomposition (SVD) for minimizing the rank of a given data matrix with other cost functions and/or constraints, which is called matrix rank minimization. In matrix rank minimization, singular values of a matrix are shrunk by hard-thresholding, soft-thresholding, or weighted soft-thresholding. However, the computational cost of SVD is generally too expensive to handle high dimensional signals such as images; hence, in this case, matrix rank minimization requires enormous computation time. In this paper, we leverage CPA to (approximately) manipulate singular values without computing singular values and vectors. The thresholding of singular values is expressed by a multiplication of certain matrices, which is derived from a characteristic of CPA. The multiplication is also efficiently computed using the sparsity of signals. As a result, the computational cost is significantly reduced. Experimental results suggest the effectiveness of our method through several image processing applications based on matrix rank minimization with nuclear norm relaxation in terms of computation time and approximation precision.
description: This is a journal paper