Argizala brasiliensis Walker 1869
Creators: name: Pereira, Marcelo Ribeiro
name: Martins, Luciano De P.
name: Fernandes, Maria Luiza
name: Zefa, Edison
name: Sperber, Carlos Frankl
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Orthoptera
Haglotettigoniidae
Argizala
Argizala brasiliensis

description: Argizala brasiliensis Walker, 1869
(Figs. 1–3)
Argizala brasiliensis Walke r, 1869: 60. type series: two females (syntype designed by John Huxley in 1972, Fig. 4) deposited at British Museum of Natural History (BMNH), localities originally provided: " Brazil " and "Santarem". Epitype here designated (preserved in ethanol 85%): 1 male, labeled " Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul State, Capão do Leão Municipality, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), 21.ii.2010, 31°48'01"S, 52°24'48" O (E. Zefa leg.)".
Diagnosis. (i) pronotum wider than longer (Fig. 1 A,D); (ii) distal margin of pseudepiphallic sclerite strongly concave (Fig. 2 A,B); (iii) longitudinal thin line not evidently sclerotized between pseudepiphallic sclerite and pseudepiphallic median lobe (Fig. 2 B,C*); (iv) endophallic central sclerite as wide as long, with short upper edge, not exceeding the median region of the lateral sclerites (Fig. 2 A); (v) endophallic lateral sclerites without apparent extensions on the external edges (Fig. 2 A); (vi) ectophallic apodeme extending parallel to the median region of the central endophallic sclerite, when presenting curvature toward ramis (Fig. 2 A,B).
Redescription. Epitype, male (Fig. 1 A–G and J–P), measurements (mm): BL 10,00; ID 1,13; LP 1,56; WP 2,68; LF 6,44; LT 5,36; TL 5,68; TW 2,81. Head light brown to dark yellow, all extension covered by fine pubescence light brown bristles, vertex with long semi-erected black bristles and three dark brown longitudinal stripes one central and two laterals, the lateral ones extending to superior margin of antennal scape (Fig. 1 A,D); black eyes; three ocelli, each surrounded by a dark brown spot; antennal scape, pedicel and antennomeres light brown; frons and gena light yellow; mandibles light yellow but distal portion dark yellow; clypeus light yellow with inferior portion of postclypeus bluish-white; labrum bluish-white; labial and maxillary palps light yellow to light brown, fifth palpomere light yellow with light brown ring on distal portion (Fig. 1 B,C). Thorax: pronotum twice wider than long, dorsal face dark brown with some dark yellow spots, covered by fine pubescence (Fig. 1 A,D); long black bristles mainly on anterior and posterior margins of pronotum; lateral lobe of pronotum with two whitish spots in superior portion, one next to anterior margin and another one next posterior margin (Fig. 1 C); inferior portion of pronotal lobe varying from whitish to light yellow; metanotum without glands; Tegmina yellowish; right tegmen dark yellow, with dark or light brown veins (Fig. 1 H, non-epitype); wings translucent, with light brown longitudinal veins; prosternum light yellow; meso and metasternum from light yellow to whitish. Legs I and II with similar pattern: trochanter and coxa with light yellow spots (Fig. 1 C); femur light yellow in ventral portion, light brown in dorsal portion, with long black bristles associated to light yellow glabrous spots; tibia dark brown with some light yellow spots, and bristles similar to the femur; tibia I with two apical spurs (Fig. 1 F) and tibia II with three apical spurs (Fig. 1 G); oval tympanum present on outer face of tibia I (Fig. 1 E); first tarsomere light brown with a central ring light yellow; second tarsomere light brown; third tarsomere with light brown proximal portion, central portion light yellow, and distal portion dark brown. Leg III: femur from light yellow to light brown, presence of some black bristles associated to light yellow glabrous spots on dorsal portion (Fig. 1 A,B); tibia light yellow in ventral and lateral portions, light brown on dorsal portion; presence of four inner and outer dorsal spurs, being the more
proximal one on inner margin with specialized aspect, base black colored (Fig. 1 I,J); three inner and outer apical spurs unequal in length: the tree inner unequal in length with dorsal (id) longer than median (im) and ventral (iv) (Fig. 1 K), the three outer unequal in length with median (om) longer than dorsal (od) and ventral (ov) (Fig. 1 L); the inner and outer ventro-apical spurs unequal in length, the inner shorter than outer (Fig. 1 M); tarsomeres as in the legs I and II, except by the basitarsus with two apical spur, being the inner shorter than outer (Fig. 1 N); tarsal claws of all legs light brown. Abdomen: tergites dark brown (Fig. 1 B); sternites I–VIII with a transversal dark brown stripe in anterior margin and a dark brown spot associated to the lateral limits of the median third; third median of the sternites varying from light to dark yellow from the anterior to posterior sternites; supra-anal plate dark brown with posterior margin rounded (Fig. 1 O); subgenital plate light yellow with two longitudinal dark brown stripes in median portion, posterior margin with shallow concavity (Fig. 1 P); cerci light yellow to light brown.
Observations in non-epitype specimens—male genitalia: glabrous (Fig. 2); pseudepiphallic median lobe with a shallow invagination just below the pseudepiphallic parameres in ventral (Fig. 2 A) and lateral views (Fig. 2 C); pseudepiphallic median lobe greater than half length of the genitalia in lateral view (Fig. 2 C); pseudepiphallic sclerite completely covering dorsal portion of the genitalia (Fig. 2 B,C); apical lobe absent (Fig. 2 A,B,C); apex of ectophallic fold surpassing the apex of pseudepiphallic parameres (Fig. 2 A); ectophallic apodeme extending parallel to the median region of the central endophallic sclerite, when presenting curvature toward rami (Fig. 2 A,B — drawings); shell-shaped endophallus divided in three sclerites, one central and two laterals (Fig. 2 A); endophallic central sclerite as wide as long, with short upper edge, not exceeding the median region of the lateral sclerites (Fig. 2 A); endophallic lateral sclerites without apparent extensions on the external edges (Fig. 2 A). Stridulatory file: 142 and 147 teeth (n=2). Female (Fig. 3), similar to male, except: head with three light brown longitudinal stripes (Fig. 3 A,D); lateral ocelli semi-surrounded on inner margin by light brown spot, and on inferior margin by light yellow spot. Thorax: pronotum light yellow, dorsal portion with central portion light brown adorned with two dark brown spots (Fig. 3 A,D); lateral lobe of pronotum with same pattern of spots and coloration, but lighter (Fig. 3 C); tegmina with simplified venation, parallels veins from proximal to distal portion; legs with same pattern of spots and coloration, but lighter; tibia III with same number of spurs, but without a specialized one. Abdomen: tergites I–VII dark brown, tergite VIII with light yellow spots on lateral portions, tergite IX with two big whitish spots on dorsal portion; supra-anal plate light yellow (Fig. 3 E); abdominal sternites varying from light yellow to whitish; subgenital plate whitish (Fig. 3 F); ovipositor (Fig. 3 G,H) shorter than femur III with dorsal valves varying from dark yellow in its inferior margin to dark brown in its superior margin; dorsal valves with denticles on distal portion (Fig. 3 H); ventral valves varying from dark yellow in proximal portion to light brown in distal portion, without denticles (Fig. 3 H).
Measurements (mm). Males (n=5, including epitype). BL 10–11.13 (10.68 ± 0.05); ID 1–1.13 (1.08 ± 0.05); LP 1.5–1.6 (1.55 ± 0.04); WP 2.6–2.78 (2.70 ± 0.07); LF 6.4–6.5 (6.45 ± 0.04); LT 5.11–5.36 (5.26 ± 0.09); LT 5.59–5.7 (5.66 ± 0.04); TW 2.74–2.81 (2.78 ± 0.03). Females (n=5). BL 10.93–12 (11.48 ± 0.4); ID 1.18–1.34 (1.27 ± 0.06); LP 1.58–1.73 (1.66 ± 0.06); WP 3.07–3.38 (3.20 ± 0.13); LF 6.62–6.83 (6.71–0.08); LT 5.62–5.9 (5.75 ± 0.13); TL 7.11–7.33 (7.25 ± 0.09); TW 1.92–2.55 (2.23 ± 0.27); OL 4.06–4.29 (4.19 ± 0.11).
Geographic records. Mexico: state of Veracruz, San Rafael and Medellin municipalities (Hebard 1913); state of Tabasco, "San Juan Bautista", Villahermosa municipality (Hebard 1913); Nicaragua: department of Río San Juan, El Castillo municipality (Hebard 1913); Ecuador: Province of Guaya, canton of Durán (Hebard 1924).
Panama: Gatún municipality, canal zone (Hebard 1928). Peru (Aguilar 1973). Brazil: state of Pará, Santarém (Walker 1869), Monte Alegre and Taperinha municipalities (Chopard 1931); state of Rio Grande do Sul, Capão do Leão municipality (new record). Paraguay: department of Paraguarí, Sapucai municipality (Hebard 1913); Argentina: Province of Formosa, Tapikiolé (Hebard 1931).
Material examined. Epitype, male, Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul State, Capão do Leão Municipality, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), 21.ii.2010, 31°48'01"S, 52°24'48" O (E. Zefa leg.). Four males and five females same data of epitype.
description: Published as part of Pereira, Marcelo Ribeiro, Martins, Luciano De P., Fernandes, Maria Luiza, Zefa, Edison & Sperber, Carlos Frankl, 2015, Redescription of Argizala brasiliensis Walker, 1869 (Orthoptera: Grylloidea: Trigonidiidae: Nemobiinae: Pteronemobiini) and consideration of its morphological proximity to other Pteronemobiini Nearctic genera, pp. 49-58 in Zootaxa 3974 (1) on pages 53-56, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3974.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/288965