cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Phase transitions and sample complexity in Bayes-optimal matrix factorization
Creators: name: Kabashima, Yoshiyuki
name: Krzakala, Florent
name: Mézard, Marc
name: Sakata, Ayaka
name: Zdeborová, Lenka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We analyse the matrix factorization problem. Given a noisy measurement of a product of two matrices, the problem is to estimate back the original matrices. It arises in many applications such as dictionary learning, blind matrix calibration, sparse principal component analysis, blind source separation, low rank matrix completion, robust principal component analysis or factor analysis. It is also important in machine learning: unsupervised representation learning can often be studied through matrix factorization. We use the tools of statistical mechanics - the cavity and replica methods - to analyze the achievability and computational tractability of the inference problems in the setting of Bayes-optimal inference, which amounts to assuming that the two matrices have random independent elements generated from some known distribution, and this information is available to the inference algorithm. In this setting, we compute the minimal mean-squared-error achievable in principle in any computational time, and the error that can be achieved by an efficient approximate message passing algorithm. The computation is based on the asymptotic state-evolution analysis of the algorithm. The performance that our analysis predicts, both in terms of the achieved mean-squared-error, and in terms of sample complexity, is extremely promising and motivating for a further development of the algorithm.
description: 50 pages, 10 figures
Science-based knowledge relevant for Climate related Policies n.3 Ref. Ares(2021)7343042 - 29/11/2021
Creators: name: Massimiliano Pasqui-CNR,
name: Dell'Aquila-ENEA., Alessandro
name: Edmondo Di Giuseppe-CNR,
name: Marta Terrado-BSC,
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: This third report is an update of activities related to key elements of identified policy makers interests on MED-GOLD outcomes. It also describes a series of ongoing and planned activities to produce relevant climate science-based information for related policies.
Phascolosoma (Phascolosoma) stephensoni Stephen 1942
Creators: name: Açik, S.
name: Murina, G. V.
name: Çinar, M. E.
name: Ergen, Z.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Sipuncula
Phascolosomatidea
Phascolosomatiformes
Phascolosomatidae
Phascolosoma
Phascolosoma stephensoni

description: Phascolosoma (Phascolosoma) stephensoni (Stephen, 1942)
(Figure 3 D, 4D)
 Phascolosoma stephensoni: Saiz Salinas 1988a: 166, fig. 2; Pancucci­Papadopoulou et al. 1999: 78–79, fig. 28.
 Phascolosoma (Phascolosoma) stephensoni: Stephen & Edmonds 1972: 326 –327, figs 39g –h; Saiz Salinas 1986: 63 –70, fig. 24; Cutler & Cutler 1990: 719 –720, fig. 1; Saiz Salinas 1993b: 122 –125, figs 64, 65, 89b–d; Cutler 1994: 185, figs 44, 46e.
 Material examined: ESFM – SIP /97–1, D1, dredge, 35°22.5' N – 33°05.2' E, 10 May 1997, 50 m, hard substratum, 2 specimens; ESFM – SIP /98–1, K4, Gazi Magosa Bay, 18 July 1998, 4 m, on Posidonia oceanica, 1 specimen; ESFM – SIP /98–2, K8, Limanbasi Cape, 20 July 1998, 3 m, on Cystoseira crinita, 1 specimen; ESFM – SIP /98–4, K9, Girne, 21 July 1998, 0–5 m, on C. crinita, 1 specimen; ESFM – SIP /98–3, K10, Malazgirt, 21 July 1998, 3 m, on P. oceanica, 1 specimen.
 Remarks: Trunk 2.3–7.2 mm long, 1.2–3 mm wide. Introvert with irregular pigmented bands (Figure 3 D), 4.8–6.3 mm long. Ratio between introvert and trunk lengths 0.5–1.1. Hooks arranged in more than 50 rings; 25–33 µm long, 25–40 µm wide at base on distal part of introvert; 18–38 µm long, 25–38 µm wide at base on proximal part of introvert. Hooks with a distinct streak, a triangular space, a crescent (Figure 4 D). Most hooks with a distinct secondary tooth. Two black eye spots present. Two pairs of retractors present; ventral pair thicker than dorsal ones. Intestinal tract with about 7–8 coils, attached by spindle muscle. Longitudinal bands of musculature numbering 22–24. Preanal (40–180 µm long) and posterior papillae (60–190 µm long) cone­shaped, smooth, red in colour; those on mid­trunk small, hemispherical. Nephridia 2.8 mm long, 0.5 mm wide. Trunk 2.6 times nephridia length. Distance between posterior end of trunk and beginning of rectractors 0.5–2.2 mm long. Retractors originating from 22–31% of the distance to the end of trunk.
 Distribution: Eastern Atlantic, western and northwestern Indian Ocean, western Pacific, Mediterranean Sea (Cutler 1994). Depth range: 0–1445 m (Cutler 1977; Cutler & Cutler 1996).
description: Published as part of Açik, S., Murina, G. V., Çinar, M. E. & Ergen, Z., 2005, Sipunculans from the coast of northern Cyprus (eastern Mediterranean Sea), pp. 1-23 in Zootaxa 1077 on page 16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.170329
Directed transport of active particles over asymmetric energy barriers
Creators: name: Koumakis, N.
name: Maggi, C.
name: Di Leonardo, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically and numerically investigate the transport of active colloids to target regions, delimited by asymmetric energy barriers. We show that it is possible to introduce a generalized effective temperature that is related to the local variance of particle velocities. The stationary probability distributions can be derived from a simple diffusion equation in the presence of an inhomogeneous effective temperature resulting from the action of external force fields. In particular, transitions rates over asymmetric energy barriers can be unbalanced by having different effective temperatures over the two slopes of the barrier. By varying the type of active noise, we find that equal values of diffusivity and persistence time may produce strongly varied effective temperatures and thus stationary distributions.
Class of 1881 about the entrance of Mercy Hospital
Creators: name: Creator Not Identified
Publisher: name: Galter Health Science Library & Learning Center
Year: 2016

description: Class of 1881, about the entrance of Mercy Hospital [as identified by Dr Arey, in actuality the Chicago Medical College]; Dr. N.S. Davis (with top hat) stands centrally above the steps. School (now called Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine) was located in its third location, Twenty-Sixth Street and Prairie Avenue, from 1870-1893.
description: Photograph and its description can be found on p. 336 of: Northwestern University Medical School 1859-1979 / Leslie B. Arey, Northwestern University: Evanston and Chicago, revised and extended edition.
Regole per l'innovazione: responsabilit� civile e assicurazione di fronte all'auto a guida (progressivamente) autonoma
Creators: name: Zemignani, Filippo
Publisher: name: Universit� degli studi di Trento. Facolt� di Giurisprudenza
Year: 2019

description: Aimed at predicting the effects of the �collision� between self-driving car and liability rules, the paper is ideally divided into three parts. The first section is mainly historical: it traces the emergence of the first XX century?s liability rules specifically concerning cars, which replaced the ordinary rules of liability applicable. As far as this topic is concerned, article 2054 of the 1942 Italian Civil Code epitomized the result of this process. The second part focuses on the present, analyzing the problematic debut of driver assistance systems. In my opinion, these systems provides several issues laying at the core of any attempt to understand the legal treatment of autonomous vehicles. Among them the confusion between the concepts of autonomous driving and assisted driving and the debate about whether we should hold the product of the car responsible for the failures of semi-automated vehicles. The paper then analyses the current product liability?s legal framework in Europe and United States, as well as the economic aspects of civil liability: should the driver be considered responsible for the accident caused by her automated vehicle, the burden of liability might have a chilling effect on the marketing prospectives of this new technology. The third part of the paper is forward-looking: it discusses severql proposals to solve the �liability problem� related to accidents of autonomous cars. Scholars are divided between supporters of product liability and supporters of owner?s responsibility, but also between reformists and conservative. There are many compelling visions for adopting new liability rules: unfortunately, there seems to be also a lack of dialogue between national and supra-national legislators on a global scale. EU, USA, China, Japan are in this respect competitive regulators, as their regulative vision are heavily driven by the industrial interest at stake in the respective automotive industries. Harmonisation of rules should be the prerequisite to start reflecting on any proposal aimed at regulating this new technology.
Parallel BCC with One Common and Two Confidential Messages and Imperfect CSIT
Creators: name: Benfarah, Ahmed
name: Tomasin, Stefano
name: Laurenti, Nicola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider a broadcast communication system over parallel sub-channels where the transmitter sends three messages: a common message to two users, and two confidential messages to each user which need to be kept secret from the other user. We assume partial channel state information at the transmitter (CSIT), stemming from noisy channel estimation. The first contribution of this paper is the characterization of the secrecy capacity region boundary as the solution of weighted sum-rate problems, with suitable weights. Partial CSIT is addressed by adding a margin to the estimated channel gains. The second paper contribution is the solution of this problem in an almost closed-form, where only two single real parameters must be optimized, e.g., through dichotomic searches. On the one hand, the considered problem generalizes existing literature where only two out of the three messages are transmitted. On the other hand, the solution finds also practical applications into the resource allocation of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems with both secrecy and fairness constraints.
description: This paper is accepted for publication in IEEE Globecom second Workshop on trusted Com. with Physical Layer Security (TCPLS 2014)
Automatic Post-Editing for Machine Translation
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Rajen
Publisher: name: Universit� degli studi di Trento
Year: 2019

description: Automatic Post-Editing (APE) aims to correct systematic errors in a machine translated text. This is primarily useful when the machine translation (MT) system is not accessible for improvement, leaving APE as a viable option to improve translation quality as a downstream task - which is the focus of this thesis. This field has received less attention compared to MT due to several reasons, which include: the limited availability of data to perform a sound research, contrasting views reported by different researchers about the effectiveness of APE, and limited attention from the industry to use APE in current production pipelines. In this thesis, we perform a thorough investigation of APE as a down- stream task in order to: i) understand its potential to improve translation quality; ii) advance the core technology - starting from classical methods to recent deep-learning based solutions; iii) cope with limited and sparse data; iv) better leverage multiple input sources; v) mitigate the task-specific problem of over-correction; vi) enhance neural decoding to leverage external knowledge; and vii) establish an online learning framework to handle data diversity in real-time. All the above contributions are discussed across several chapters, and most of them are evaluated in the APE shared task organized each year at the Conference on Machine Translation. Our efforts in improving the technology resulted in the best system at the 2017 APE shared task, and our work on online learning received a distinguished paper award at the Italian Conference on Computational Linguistics. Overall, outcomes and findings of our work have boost interest among researchers and attracted industries to examine this technology to solve real-word problems.
Neutron matter under strong magnetic fields: a comparison of models
Creators: name: Aguirre, R.
name: Bauer, E.
name: Vidaña, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The equation of state of neutron matter is affected by the presence of a magnetic field due to the intrinsic magnetic moment of the neutron. Here we study the equilibrium configuration of this system for a wide range of densities, temperatures and magnetic fields. Special attention is paid to the behavior of the isothermal compressibility and the magnetic susceptibility. Our calculation is performed using both microscopic and phenomenological approaches of the neutron matter equation of state, namely the Brueckner--Hartree--Fock (BHF) approach using the Argonne V18 nucleon-nucleon potential supplemented with the Urbana IX three-nucleon force, the effective Skyrme model in a Hartree--Fock description, and the Quantum Hadrodynamic formulation with a mean field approximation. All these approaches predict a change from completely spin polarized to partially polarized matter that leads to a continuous equation of state. The compressibility and the magnetic susceptibility show characteristic behaviors, which reflect that fact. Thermal effects tend to smear out the sharpness found for these quantities at T=0. In most cases a thermal increase of 10 MeV is enough to hide the signals of the change of polarization. The set of densities and magnetic field intensities for which the system changes it spin polarization is different for each model. However, there is an overall agreement between the three theoretical descriptions.
description: updated to correspond with the published version
The adiabatic limit of Schrödinger operators on fibre bundles
Creators: name: Lampart, Jonas
name: Teufel, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider Schrödinger operators $H=-Δ_{g_\varepsilon} + V$ on a fibre bundle $M\stackrelπ{\to}B$ with compact fibres and a metric $g_\varepsilon$ that blows up directions perpendicular to the fibres by a factor ${\varepsilon^{-1}\gg 1}$. We show that for an eigenvalue $λ$ of the fibre-wise part of $H$, satisfying a local gap condition, and every $N\in \mathbb{N}$ there exists a subspace of $L^2(M)$ that is invariant under $H$ up to errors of order $\varepsilon^{N+1}$. The dynamical and spectral features of $H$ on this subspace can be described by an effective operator on the fibre-wise $λ$-eigenspace bundle $\mathcal{E}\to B$, giving detailed asymptotics for $H$.
Facet analysis as the theoretical basis of vocabulary tool construction - fundamental purposes in knowledge organization
Creators: name: Broughton, Vanda
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: https://iskouk.org/subjects/3LYHQWO2
subject: https://iskouk.org/subjects/BPEVJUGL
subject: https://iskouk.org/subjects/1B28UD6Y

description: Perceptions of the faceted approach - faceted search and retrieval has recently become very fashionable
 - faceted search commonly manifests itself in a graphical interface
 - terms from different ‘facets’ may be combined using windows or drop down menus
 - it offers a structured approach to search that is logical and intuitive for the end-user
 - it’s particularly appropriate where the facets consist of various attributes of an entity
A Search for Molecules at Low Frequency with the Murchison Widefield Array
Creators: name: Tremblay, Chenoa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: I used a wide-field, low-frequency telescope to search for signals from molecules, atoms, and exo-planets, surveying the Galactic Centre and Orion to detect molecules for the first time below 700MHz. In collaboration, I used the same data to set upper limits on the signal strength of extraterrestrial civilisations. Utilising surveys at infrared and radio wavelengths, I found evidence that high-mass stars can form in isolation.
Official Language Proficiency and Discrimination: An Audit Study of Vehicle Registration Offices
Creators: name: Balbach, Thomas
name: Van de Walle, Steven
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Public administration

description: This is a conference paper submitted to the Public Management Research Conference 2023. It will be presented on June 28, 2023, at the panel 'Disentangling Discrimination'.
Electromagnetic Fields Radiated by a Circular Loop with Arbitrary Current
Creators: name: Salem, Mohamed A.
name: Caloz, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a rigorous approach to compute the electromagnetic fields radiated by a thin circular loop with arbitrary current. We employ a polar transmission representation along with a Kontorovich-Lebedev transform to derive integral representations of the field in the interior and exterior regions of a sphere circumscribing the loop. The convergence of the obtained expressions is discussed and comparisons with full-wave simulation and other methods are shown.
Probiotics and their efficacy for depression: a systematic mini review protocol
Creators: name: Caruso, Rosario
name: Chamba, Jose Luis
name: Checo García, Mariana
name: De Oliveira, Lilia
name: Farina, Giovani Schulte
name: Fernandes, Karen Barros Parron
name: Jaldin-Pinto, Angelica
name: Link, Naira
name: Mercado, Aimee
name: Meza, Joyce
name: Nishizawa, Takuro
name: Radi Zahran, Ibrahim Antonio
name: Tamayo, Arturo
name: Urja, Prakrity
name: Celso, Vespasiano
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Health Care

description: This is a systematic mini review protocol aimed to summarize the evidence regarding probiotics and their efficacy as add-on therapy for depression in the last four years.
Tagged particle diffusion in one-dimensional systems with Hamiltonian dynamics - II
Creators: name: Roy, Anjan
name: Dhar, Abhishek
name: Narayan, Onuttom
name: Sabhapandit, Sanjib
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study various temporal correlation functions of a tagged particle in one-dimensional systems of interacting point particles evolving with Hamiltonian dynamics. Initial conditions of the particles are chosen from the canonical thermal distribution. The correlation functions are studied in finite systems, and their forms examined at short and long times. Various one-dimensional systems are studied. Results of numerical simulations for the Fermi-Pasta-Ulam chain are qualitatively similar to results for the harmonic chain, and agree unexpectedly well with a simple description in terms of linearized equations for damped fluctuating sound waves. Simulation results for the alternate mass hard particle gas reveal that - in contradiction to our earlier results [1] with smaller system sizes - the diffusion constant slowly converges to a constant value, in a manner consistent with mode coupling theories. Our simulations also show that the behaviour of the Lennard-Jones gas depends on its density. At low densities, it behaves like a hard-particle gas, and at high densities like an anharmonic chain. In all the systems studied, the tagged particle was found to show normal diffusion asymptotically, with convergence times depending on the system under study. Finite size effects show up at time scales larger than sound traversal times, their nature being system-specific.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures
A Knob for Markovianity
Creators: name: Brito, Frederico
name: Werlang, Thiago
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Markovianity of a composite system and its subsystems. We show how the dissipative nature of a subsystem's dynamics can be modified without having to change properties of the composite system environment. By preparing different system initial states or dynamically manipulating the subsystem coupling, we find that it is possible to induce a transition from Markov to non-Markov behavior, and vice versa.
description: V1: 5 pages, 2 figures. V2: extended version. 7 pages, 3 figures. A case of non-commuting system-environment interaction is discussed. Accepted as an FTC in NJP
title: Nickel-free metallization systems on 3D MID substrate materials (NiMm3)
Creators: name: Sprenger, M.
name: Patel, Tanish
name: Franke, J.
Publisher: name: Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
Year: 2024

description: Molded Interconnect Devices (MIDs) represent a significant technological advancement in the integration of electronic circuitry directly into three-dimensional plastic components. However, the choice of metallization materials for MIDs poses unique challenges, particularly concerning the use of nickel, which can cause allergic reactions in certain individuals. This research investigates alternative metalliza tion compositions for MIDs, aiming to identify materials that offer comparable performance to nickel-based systems while mitigating the risk of allergic reactions. Through a series of comprehensive experiments and tests, including resistance readings, hot pin pull tests, shear tests, and thermal shock tests, this study evaluates the reliability and performance of various metallization systems. The findings contribute valu able insights into the development of nickel-free metalliza tion systems for MIDs, informing material selection,manufacturing processes, and design optimizations to ensure the integrity and longevity of electronic device.
Galter Library's disappearing stacks
Creators: name: Nickisch-Duggan, Heidi
name: Berendsen, Mark A
name: Zmaczynski, Mary Anne
Publisher: name: Galter Health Science Library & Learning Center
Year: 2016

description: Originally published in: Nickisch Duggan, Heidi M, Berendsen, Mark A, Zmaczynski, Mary Anne. Galter Librarys Disappearing Stacks. Against the Grain. 2015; 27(2):24. http://www.against-the-grain.com/. PDF of article posted with publisher's permission
description: Article in special issue of Against the Grain, entitled: "Disappearing [print] Stacks No Books, but Everything Else".
Completely-positive quantum operations generating thermostatistical states: A comparative study
Creators: name: Matsuo, Yasuyuki
name: Abe, Sumiyoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonunitary quantum operations generating thermostatistical states and forming positive operator-valued measures (POVMs) are of current interest as a useful tool for operational approach to quantum thermodynamics. Here, two different operations generating the same thermostatistical state are studied: one is related to thermofield dynamics and the other is the one proposed in a recent work [S. Abe, A. R. Usha Devi, A. K. Rajagopal, J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 43 (2010) 045303]. A comparable study on them shows different behaviors of the von Neumann entropy under repeated applications of these two operations. It is shown that the entropy does not behave monotonically, in general, and can even decrease under the thermofield-dynamical one, in contrast to monotonic increase under the other.
description: 22 pages, 2 figures. With Corrigendum
Failed Attempts to Establish IPM for Asian Cycad Scale and Coconut Rhinoceros Beetle on Guam
Creators: name: Moore, Aubrey
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Abstract

Failed Attempts to Establish IPM for Asian Cycad Scale and Coconut Rhinoceros Beetle on

Guam

Aubrey Moore

Guam's ecosystems are under attack by invasive species. Many people know about extinction of

Guam's birds by the brown tree snake which invaded the island shortly after WWII. But the

contemporary ecological disaster which is currently happening in Guam's forests is not well known.

In 2002 a US Forest Service survey found the endemic cycad, Cycas micronesica, to be the most

abundant tree in Guam's forests and coconut palm, Cocos nucifera, to be the second most abundant

tree. Both species are now under severe attack by invasive insect species.

About 90% of C. micronesica trees have been killed by Asian cycad scale, Aulacaspis yasumatsui, first

detected in 2003. The predatory beetle, Rhyzobius lophanthae, was introduced and it is protecting

mature plants but no seedlings are surviving.

Coconut rhinoceros beetle, Oryctes rhinoceros, was first detected in 2007 and an uncontrolled outbreak

of this pest is currently killing coconut palms throughout the island. Following a failed eradication

attempt, Oryctes rhinoceros nudivirus (OrNV) and Metarhizium majus fungus were introduced as

biocontrol agents. OrNV unexpectedly failed as a biocontrol agent for CRB on Guam. Previously, this

pathogen produced excellent results when released on Pacific Islands infested with CRB. Subsequent

laboratory bioassays and genetic analysis showed that the CRB which invaded Guam belong to an

OrNV resistant biotype named CRB-G which is involved in all recent invasions of CRB in the Pacific.

The fungus, M. majus rapidly established and spread to CRB breeding sites throughout the island, with

infection rates measured between 10% and 38%. But this level of suppression was not enough to

prevent the current outbreak which was triggered by abundant breeding sites left in the wake of

Typhoon Dolphin which passed over Guam in May 2015.

Attempts to overcome these IPM failures will be discussed.
Beginning of Universe through large field hybrid inflation
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Tatsuo
name: Seto, Osamu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent detection of $B$-mode polarization induced from tensor perturbations by the BICEP2 experiment implies so-called large field inflation, where an inflaton field takes super-Planckian expectation value during inflation, at a high energy scale. We show however, if another inflation follows hybrid inflation, the hybrid inflation can generate a large tensor perturbation with not super-Plankian but Planckian field value. This scenario would relax the tension between BICEP2 and Planck concerning the tensor-to-scalar ratio, because a negative large running can also be obtained for a certain number of e-fold of the hybrid inflation. A natural interpretation of a large gravitational wave mode with or without the scalar spectral running might be multiple inflation in the early Universe.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, the final journal version
Phase-space representation of completely positive quantum operation: Two-mode squeezed vacuum and thermal states
Creators: name: Abe, Sumiyoshi
name: Matsuo, Yasuyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Completely positive quantum operations are frequently discussed in the contexts of statistical mechanics and quantum information. They are customarily given by maps forming positive operator-values measures. To intuitively understand physical meanings of such abstract operations, the method of phase-space representations is examined. This method enables one to grasp the operations in terms of the classical statistical notions. As an example of physical importance, here, the phase-space representation of the completely positive quantum operation arising from the single-mode subdynamics of the two-mode squeezed vacuum state, which maps from the vacuum state at vanishing temperature to mixed states with perfect decoherence including the thermal state, is studied. It is found in the $P$ representation that remarkably this operation is invertible, implying that coherence lost by the quantum operation can be recovered.
description: 12 pages, no figures
Predicting Lepton Flavor Mixing from $Δ(48)$ and Generalized CP Symmetries
Creators: name: Ding, Gui-Jun
name: Zhou, Ye-Ling
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose to understand the mixing angles and CP-violating phases from the $Δ(48)$ family symmetry combined with the generalized CP symmetry. A model-independent analysis is performed by scanning all the possible symmetry breaking chains. We find a new mixing pattern with only one free parameter, excellent agreement with the observed mixing angles can be achieved and all the CP-violating phases are predicted to take nontrivial values. This mixing pattern is testable in the near future neutrino oscillation and neutrinoless double-beta decay experiments. Finally, a flavor model is constructed to realize this mixing pattern.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, minor corrections, accepted for publication in Chin. Phys. C
Black hole solution and strong gravitational lensing in Eddington-inspired Born-Infeld gravity
Creators: name: Wei, Shao-Wen
name: Yang, Ke
name: Liu, Yu-Xiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new theory of gravity called Eddington-inspired Born-Infeld (EiBI) gravity was recently proposed by Bañados and Ferreira. This theory leads to some exciting new features, such as free of cosmological singularities. In this paper, we first obtain a charged EiBI black hole solution with a nonvanishing cosmological constant when the electromagnetic field is included in. Then based on it, we study the strong gravitational lensing by the asymptotic flat charged EiBI black hole. The strong deflection limit coefficients and observables are shown to closely depend on the additional coupling parameter $κ$ in the EiBI gravity. It is found that, compared with the corresponding charged black hole in general relativity, the positive coupling parameter $κ$ will shrink the black hole horizon and photon sphere. Moreover, the coupling parameter will decrease the angular position and relative magnitudes of the relativistic images, while increase the angular separation, which may shine new light on testing such gravity theory in near future by the astronomical instruments.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures, 1 table. Two issues on the deflection angle and photon sphere were corrected and clarified
Stability analysis of phase boundary motion by surface diffusion with triple junction
Creators: name: Garcke, Harald
name: Ito, Kazuo
name: Kohsaka, Yoshihito
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: surface diffusion, triple junction, linearized stability
subject: 510 Mathematik
subject: 35G30
subject: 35B35

description: The linearized stability of stationary solutions for the surface diffusion flow with a triple junction is studied. We derive the second variation of the energy functional under the constraint that the enclosed areas are preserved and show a linearized stability criterion with the help of the H−1-gradient flow structure of the evolution problem and the analysis of eigenvalues of a corresponding differential operator.
A novel big-data perspective on earth system evolution
Creators: name: Bilali, Hafida EL
name: Ernst, Richard E.
name: Lyons, Timothy W.
name: Bekker, Andrey
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: The many components of the Earth System are linked through complex feedbacks that can be revealed in large compilations of diverse geochemical proxy data for paleoclimate and ocean conditions. In those archives, for example, temporal and spatial trends can be visualized as topologies (‘landscapes’) defined by areas of high-density data, corresponding to steady states (= stability basins) maintained by negative feedbacks. The boundaries between those stability basins, representing low-density data areas (potential tipping points), are crossed when external drivers are involved, moving the system to a new steady state. These external drivers are often associated with positive feedbacks. As a proof of concept, we produced a stability ‘landscape’ using an extensive set of published carbon (δ13C) and oxygen (δ18O) isotope data from sedimentary carbonates spanning the last 2.5 billion years. The superimposed C-O isotopic pathways show a preference for particular regions of the ‘landscape’ at different times in Earth history. Major excursions reflect positive loops often set into motion by external inputs (drivers) that can overwhelm the system, such as major volcanic and tectonic events and human-induced climate effects. Our approach can be applied to other proxy datasets, and multivariate statistical treatments, including machine-learning approaches, can potentially yield a robust, high-resolution ‘landscape’ of the Earth System through time.
Redshift drift in a universe with structure II: Light rays propagated through a Newtonian N-body simulation
Creators: name: Koksbang, S. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The redshift drift is computed along light rays propagating through a simulated universe based on the Newtonian N-body simulation code GADGET-2 combined with a perturbed Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker metric in the Newtonian gauge. It is found that the mean redshift drift is equal to the drift of the mean redshift to the precision of the numerical computations and that this is due to a high degree of cancellation between two dominant components of the redshift drift. This result is contrary to earlier findings based on inhomogeneous cosmological models exhibiting cosmic backreaction. \newline\indent For simplicity, the results neglect contributions from optical drift. Based on a study of the redshift drift in a Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi model, the optical drift effects are estimated to be at most of order 10\% of the redshift drift signal. In addition, it is found that the redshift drift contribution from peculiar acceleration of the emitter is negligible in the simulation setup. However, it is expected that the contribution from peculiar acceleration of the emitter is suppressed in the setup due to low resolution of structures and it is hence expected that this contribution will be larger for real observations.
description: 12 pages with 8 captioned figures. Accepted for publication in PRD. v2: 2 references added (after publication). No other changes
Geochemistry and petrogenesis of ophiolitic rocks from the Indus Suture Zone (ISZ), Ladakh Himalaya: insights for depleted mantle beneath an intra-oceanic island arc complex
Creators: name: Bhat, Irfan M.
name: Chauhan, H.
name: Ahmad, T.
name: Dar, Reyaz A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: The Indus Suture Zone preserves the ophiolitic remnants of the eastern part of the Neo-Tethys Ocean. Parts of these ophiolitic remnants are exposed along the Khangral-Chiktan and Dras-Kargil road sections of western Ladakh. The observed rock types include ultramafic-mafic cumulates, gabbros, and volcanics emplaced as faulted blocks over the Mesozoic Dras arc complex. Geochemically, these rocks show sub-alkaline tholeiitic characteristics with basalt to basaltic-andesite compositional variation. Based on modal mineralogy, the ultramafic cumulates classify as olivine-websterite, the mafic cumulates as olivine-norite, and the gabbros as norite to hornblende-gabbro. The ultramafic cumulates depict depleted chondrite normalized REE patterns [(La/Yb)N = 0.6–1.1] while the mafic cumulates display depleted to enriched REE patterns [(La/Yb)N = 0.6–3.2]. Fractionated patterns are observed in gabbros [(La/Yb)N = 1.6–4.1], while flat and enriched chondrite normalized REE-patterns in volcanics [(La/Yb)N = 1.0–12.3] similar to NMORB, and EMORB. The multi-element patterns depict subduction-related geochemical characteristics such as enriched LILE and depleted HFSE compared to the primitive mantle. Presence of Mg-rich olivines, orthopyroxenes, and clinopyroxenes while Ti-poor clinopyroxenes in ultramafic-mafic cumulates reflect their derivation from previously depleted mantle sources at high-pressure and temperature comparable to the base of modern intra-oceanic island arc tholeiitic sequences. The studied rocks exhibit close similarity to an intra-oceanic subduction system contemporaneous to the Dras-Shergol-Suru-Thasgam ophiolitic slices of western Ladakh.
Pre-post Intervention Study on Overcrowding and Waiting time at Outpatient Department in Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Tamiru Yalew (B.A.)
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013

description: Overcrowding is one of the major problems that impede quality of services at Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital, especially at outpatient department. Overcrowding at outpatient department deters easy movement of both staff and patient which hinders appropriate use of available space in the hospital. Outpatient overcrowding influences quality and efficiency of service provision. The objective of this intervention research was to assess impediments of overcrowding to improve patient flow and ease service provision at outpatient department in Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital by end of October 30, 2013. An intervention study comparing the status of overcrowding before and after the appropriate procedures to ease free movement and quality service was placed in the Outpatient Department of Amanuel Mental Health Specialized Hospital. All possible factors that cause overcrowding at outpatient department in Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital were explored at the baseline (at pretest). These factors would be related to the characteristics of patients, care takers, providers and the physical and logistics setup in the department. Appropriate interventions were developed by the principal investigator in collaboration with the hospital leadership. Ultimately changes brought about by the proposed intervention was measured and documented.
UV Luminosity Functions at redshifts z~4 to z~10: 10000 Galaxies from HST Legacy Fields
Creators: name: Bouwens, R. J.
name: Illingworth, G. D.
name: Oesch, P. A.
name: Trenti, M.
name: Labbe', I.
name: Bradley, L.
name: Carollo, M.
name: van Dokkum, P. G.
name: Gonzalez, V.
name: Holwerda, B.
name: Franx, M.
name: Spitler, L.
name: Smit, R.
name: Magee, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The remarkable HST datasets from the CANDELS, HUDF09, HUDF12, ERS, and BoRG/HIPPIES programs have allowed us to map out the evolution of the UV LF from z~10 to z~4. We have identified 5859, 3001, 857, 481, 217, and 6 galaxy candidates at z~4, z~5, z~6, z~7, z~8, and z~10, respectively from the ~1000 arcmin**2 area probed. The selection of z~4-8 galaxies over the five CANDELS fields allows us to assess the cosmic variance; the largest variations are apparent at z>=7. Our new LF determinations at z~4 and z~5 span a 6-mag baseline (-22.5 to -16 AB mag). These determinations agree well with previous estimates, but the larger samples and volumes probed here result in a more reliable sampling of >L* galaxies and allow us to reassess the form of the UV LFs. Our new LF results strengthen our earlier findings to 3.4 sigma significance for a steeper faint-end slope to the UV LF at z>4, with alpha evolving from alpha=-1.64+/-0.04 at z~4 to alpha=-2.06+/-0.13 at z~7 (and alpha = -2.02+/-0.23 at z~8), consistent with that expected from the evolution of the halo mass function. With our improved constraints at the bright end, we find less evolution in the characteristic luminosity M* over the redshift range z~4 to z~7; the observed evolution in the LF is now largely represented by changes in phi*. No evidence for a non-Schechter-like form to the z~4-8 LFs is found. A simple conditional LF model based on halo growth and evolution in the M/L ratio of halos ((1+z)**-1.5) provides a good representation of the observed evolution.
description: 53 pages, 28 figures, 11 tables, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Fertility, Families and Ethnic Conflict: Macedonians and Albanians in the Republic of Macedonia, 1944-2002
Creators: name: Brunnbauer, Ulf
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: 940 Geschichte Europas

description: The article focuses on the historical causes and effects of the social, economic and demographic divisions of the two communities, Macedonians and Albanians, which constitute two very distinct societies put together into one state, and do not form an integrated polity. This deep gulf is caused by significant differences in the structures of communal life, reproductive and economic behavior, and patterns of cultural reproduction. The differences have been mainly created by the social and economic effects of Macedonian nation-building and socialist modernization whose outcomes varied on the two ethnic groups.
On pseudosymmetric manifolds
Creators: name: Shaikh, Absos Ali
name: Deszcz, Ryszard
name: Hotlos, Marin
name: Jelwicki, Jan
name: Kundu, Haradhan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53B20, 53B30, 53C15, 53C21, 53C25

description: In the literature, there are two different notions of pseudosymmetric manifolds, one by Chaki [7] and other by Deszcz [16], and there are many papers related to these notions. The object of the present paper is to deduce necessary and sufficient conditions for a Chaki pseudosymmetric [7] (resp. pseudo Ricci symmetric [8]) manifold to be Deszcz pseudosymmetric (resp. Ricci pseudosymmetric). We also study the necessary and sufficient conditions for a weakly symmetric [58] (resp. weakly Ricci symmetric [59]) manifold by Tamássy and Binh to be Deszcz pseudosymmetric (resp. Ricci pseudosymmetric). We also obtain the reduced form of the defining condition of weakly Ricci symmetric manifolds by Tamássy and Binh [59]. Finally we give some examples to show the independent existence of such types of pseudosymmetry which also ensure the existence of Roter type and generalized Roter type manifolds and the manifolds with recurrent curvature 2-form ([2], [29]) associated to various curvature tensors.
description: 32 pages
On stable parametric finite element methods for the Stefan problem and the Mullins-Sekerka problem with applications to dendritic growth
Creators: name: Barrett, John W.
name: Garcke, Harald
name: Nürnberg, Robert
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Stefan problem, Mullins–Sekerka problem, surface tension, anisotropy, kinetic undercooling, Gibbs–Thomson law, dendritic growth, snow crystal growth; parametric finite elements
subject: 510 Mathematik
subject: 35K55
subject: 35R35
subject: 53C44
subject: 65M12
subject: 65M50
subject: 65M60
subject: 74E10
subject: 74E15
subject: 80A22
subject: 82C26

description: We introduce a parametric finite element approximation for the Stefan problem with the Gibbs–Thomson law and kinetic undercooling, which mimics the underlying energy structure of the problem. The proposed method is also applicable to certain quasi-stationary variants, such as the Mullins–Sekerka problem. In addition, fully anisotropic energies are easily handled. The approximation has good mesh properties, leading to a well-conditioned discretization, even in three space dimensions. Several numerical computations, including for dendritic growth and for snow crystal growth, are presented.
Interfacing single photons and single quantum dots with photonic nanostructures
Creators: name: Lodahl, Peter
name: Mahmoodian, Sahand
name: Stobbe, Søren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photonic nanostructures provide means of tailoring the interaction between light and matter and the past decade has witnessed a tremendous experimental and theoretical progress in this subject. In particular, the combination with semiconductor quantum dots has proven successful. This manuscript reviews quantum optics with excitons in single quantum dots embedded in photonic nanostructures. The ability to engineer the light-matter interaction strength in integrated photonic nanostructures enables a range of fundamental quantum-electrodynamics experiments on, e.g., spontaneous-emission control, modified Lamb shifts, and enhanced dipole-dipole interaction. Furthermore, highly efficient single-photon sources and giant photon nonlinearities may be implemented with immediate applications for photonic quantum-information processing. The review summarizes the general theoretical framework of photon emission including the role of dephasing processes, and applies it to photonic nanostructures of current interest, such as photonic-crystal cavities and waveguides, dielectric nanowires, and plasmonic waveguides. The introduced concepts are generally applicable in quantum nanophotonics and apply to a large extent also to other quantum emitters, such as molecules, nitrogen vacancy ceters, or atoms. Finally, the progress and future prospects of applications in quantum-information processing are considered.
description: Updated version resubmitted to Reviews of Modern Physics
Characterization of Line-Consistent Signed Graphs
Creators: name: Slilaty, Daniel C.
name: Zaslavsky, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C22

description: The line graph of a graph with signed edges carries vertex signs. A vertex-signed graph is consistent if every circle (cycle, circuit) has positive vertex-sign product. Acharya, Acharya, and Sinha recently characterized line-consistent signed graphs, i.e., edge-signed graphs whose line graphs, with the naturally induced vertex signature, are consistent. Their proof applies Hoede's relatively difficult characterization of consistent vertex-signed graphs. We give a simple proof that does not depend on Hoede's theorem as well as a structural description of line-consistent signed graphs.
description: 5 pages. V2 defines sign of a walk and corrects statement of Theorem 4 ("is balanced and" was missing); also minor copyediting