cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Numerical solution of the Beltrami equation via a purely linear system
Creators: name: Porter, R. Michael
name: Shimauchi, Hirokazu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30C62

description: An effective algorithm is presented for solving the Beltrami equation df/dz = mu (df/dzbar) in a planar disk. The disk is triangulated in a simple way and f is approximated by piecewise linear mappings; the images of the vertices of the triangles are defined by an overdetermined system of linear equations. (Certain apparently nonlinear conditions on the boundary are eliminated by means of a symmetry construction.) The linear system is sparse and its solution is obtained by standard least-squares, so the algorithm involves no evaluation of singular integrals nor any iterative procedure for obtaining a single approximation of f. Numerical examples are provided, including a deformation in a Teichmüller space of a Fuchsian group.
description: 33 pages, 13 figures, 4 tables. This article supersedes arXiv:0802.1195
Insertion of rural households into market economy mechanisms -evaluations and challenges on a zonal case study
Creators: name: Toderoiu, Filon
name: Bucur, Carmen
name: Toderoiu, Filon
name: Bucur, Carmen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: International Development
subject: rural area
subject: economic behavior
subject: factor endowment
subject: agricultural services
subject: degree of mercerization

description: The approach proposes itself, to identify the opportunities and restrictions for the rural development in a given rural area, made of four communes of the Arges County (situated in the Carpathian space), from a multicriterial perspective (demography, income sources, the utilized agricultural area, etc.), for the formulation of some feasible alternatives for the sustainable local development. Among the rural communities that gravitates towards it, we can mention the communes Albesti, Leresti, Schitu Golesti and Valea Mare Pravat (Valea Mare) that, together, constituted a rural microzone; from this area a representative sample of subjects was established; a complex questionnaire was applied to this sample, in relation to occupations and income sources, types of economic behaviors, etc., from the perspective of identification of opportunities for sustainable local development. The rural crisis was manifested in the investigated area by the multiplication of natural, demographic and social capital fragilization in each locality in part, added to a prolonged period of changes in the rural traditional values. The decline of farming activities specific to the investigated area, the economic decline of urban centers, the modification of the polarization center status of towns brought about essential changes in rural developments. The territorial image of the investigated area bears the imprint of agrarian structures specificity, generating particular modalities of space, natural and social capital utilization. The type of rural economy covers another dimension of the territorial image, as the modality of using the opportunities, the level of resources utilization and the economic coherence in particular are defining elements for the respective area.
title: Nachhaltige Siedlungsentwicklung im ländlichen Raum : Planungsinstrumente und Planungsmethoden im Vergleich
Creators: name: Taucher, Angela
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nachhaltige Siedlungsentwicklung
subject: Planungsinstrumente und Planungsmethoden
subject: Bevölkerungsentwicklung
subject: ländlicher Raum
subject: Dörfer

description: Die geordnete und flächensparende Siedlungsentwicklung ist ein Hauptziel der Raumordnung in Österreich. Die große Herausforderung für die Raumplanung ist es, zukünftige Entwicklungen abzuschätzen und mit den zur Verfügung stehenden Instrumenten zu steuern. Zersiedelung betrifft nicht nur den suburbann Raum sondern auch kleinerer Städte oder Dörfer in ländlichen Regionen. Mit dieser Arbeit werden mögliche Planungsinstrumente und Planungsmethoden zur Umsetzung einer nachhaltigen Siedlungsentwicklung in Form von Innenentwicklung und nachhaltiger Weiterentwicklung aufgezeigt. Ziel der Arbeit ist es, anhand der Marktgemeinde Schattendorf im Burgenland mögliche Maßnahmen zu erarbeiten, die besonders für den ländlichen Raum geeignet sind. Zu diesem Zweck wird eine Potentialanalyse durchgeführt und aus dem Ergebnis Zielvorgaben für die Entwicklung der Gemeinde abgeleitet. Es wird untersucht, wie gut die unterschiedlichen Instrumente und Methoden für die Erreichung der ausgewählten Ziele geeignet sind und daraus abgeleitet werden Handlungsempfehlungen erstellt. Basis für diese Beurteilung sind neben der Literaturrecherche auch umfangreiche Interviews mit ExpertInnen, denen ich an dieser Stelle ausdrücklich für die wertvolle Unterstützung danken möchte. Es zeigt sich, dass besonders beim Abbau von Baulandreserven oder Leerstand auf kommunaler Ebene mit relativ wenig Aufwand sehr viel erreicht werden kann. Schwieriger ist es naturgemäß, Einfluss auf die Bevölkerungsentwicklung zu nehmen. Impulse für eine positive Bevölkerungsentwicklung, wie in der These dieser Arbeit formuliert, können nur indirekt gesetzt werden. Die Gemeinden können über verschiedene qualitative Maßnahmen die Voraussetzungen schaffen, eine gute Wohnumfeld-Qualität zu schaffen und dadurch Impulse für eine positive die Bevölkerungsentwicklung setzen. Es zeigt sich also, dass die örtliche Raumplanung durchaus im Stande ist, die Weichen für eine nachhaltige Siedlungsentwicklung auf kommunaler Ebene zu stellen. Die Kombination von direkten Planungsinstrumenten mit indirekten Planungsmethoden sollte in den Gemeinden jedoch noch stärker forciert werden.
Zmiany na rynku cukru w Polsce po integracji z UE
Creators: name: Artyszak, Arkadiusz
name: Artyszak, Arkadiusz
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Production Economics
subject: sugar
subject: EU
subject: / cukier
subject: Unia Europejska

description: The work is focusing on selected effects of changes in sugar market in Poland after the integration with the EU. Sugar production in Poland between years 2003/4 and 2009/10 was reduced by about 15.3% and production limits by about 7.5%. Integration of Poland with the EU and implementation of the sugar market reform have forced a quadruple reduction in the number of working sugar plants. Yet they are still characterized by a too small processing capacity in relation to factories in France and in Germany. The reform of sugar market has caused small cuts in sugar prices, but it has not resulted in cheaper sweets. Abolishing the custom duties on imported sugar by the EU after year 2014/15 will cause the unprofitability of sugar production from sugar beet in Poland. / Synopsis. Praca przedstawia wybrane efekty zmian na rynku cukru w Polsce po integracji z UE. Produkcja cukru w Polsce od roku 2003/4 do 2009/10 zmniejszyła się o 15,3%, a limity produkcyjne o 7,5%. Integracja Polski z UE i wprowadzenie reformy rynku cukru wymusiło czterokrotne ograniczenie liczby pracujących zakładów. Mimo to odznaczają się one zbyt małą wydajnością przerobu w stosunku do fabryk we Francji i w Niemczech. Reforma rynku cukru spowodowała niewielkie obniżenie cen cukru, ale nie spowodowała potanienia słodyczy. Zniesienie przez UE ceł na importowany cukier po roku 2014/2015 spowoduje, że jego produkcja z buraków cukrowych w Polsce stanie się nieopłacalna.
Resonant nonlinearity management for nonlinear-Schrödinger solitons
Creators: name: Sakaguchi, Hidetsugu
name: Malomed, Boris A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider effects of a periodic modulation of the nonlinearity coefficient on fundamental and higher-order solitons in the one-dimensional NLS equation, which is an issue of direct interest to Bose-Einstein condensates in the context of the Feshbach-resonance control, and fiber-optic telecommunications as concerns periodic compensation of the nonlinearity. We find from simulations, and explain by means of a straightforward analysis, that the response of a fundamental soliton to the weak perturbation is resonant, if the modulation frequency $ω$ is close to the intrinsic frequency of the soliton. For higher-order $n$-solitons with $n=2$ and 3, the response to an extremely weak perturbation is also resonant, if $ω$ is close to the corresponding intrinsic frequency. More importantly, a slightly stronger drive splits the 2- or 3-soliton, respectively, into a set of two or three moving fundamental solitons. The dependence of the threshold perturbation amplitude, necessary for the splitting, on $ω$ has a resonant character too. Amplitudes and velocities of the emerging fundamental solitons are accurately predicted, using exact and approximate conservation laws of the perturbed NLS equation.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
Neural Cross-Lingual Transfer and Limited Annotated Data for Named Entity Recognition in Danish
Creators: name: Plank, Barbara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Named Entity Recognition (NER) has greatly advanced by the introduction of deep neural architectures. However, the success of these methods depends on large amounts of training data. The scarcity of publicly-available human-labeled datasets has resulted in limited evaluation of existing NER systems, as is the case for Danish. This paper studies the effectiveness of cross-lingual transfer for Danish, evaluates its complementarity to limited gold data, and sheds light on performance of Danish NER.
description: Published at NoDaLiDa 2019; updated (system, data and repository details)
Wpływ absorpcji środków unijnych na rozwój rolnictwa regionu kujawsko-pomorskiego na przykładzie PROW
Creators: name: Biczkowski, Mirosław
name: Jezierska-Thole, Aleksandra
name: Biczkowski, Mirosław
name: Jezierska-Thole, Aleksandra
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Rural Development Plan
subject: funds EU
subject: rural areas
subject: / Plan Rozwoju Obszarów Wiejskich
subject: fundusze unijne
subject: obszary wiejskie

description: Analysis of the implementation of RDP has showed that it was a program which the beneficiaries profited willingly from. It was caused by its specificity, because it was aimed at supporting a large number of small investments. Total number of applications accepted for implementation in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian region in the analysed operations was 29,1 thousand, representing 6.8% of the total number of applications at the national level. When comparing the number of accepted applications with the number of individual farms in the region we can see that 38.4% of farms took part in one of the activities of RDP. The greatest interest was noticed in actions connected with farm adaptation to the EU standards (45,4% of applications). The total amount of funds allocated through RDP exceeded 713 million PLN (10,7% of the total amount in the country), which makes this program equivalent to the parallel instrument of agricultural support implemented as Sector Operational Program Agriculture. The analysis of RDP funds allocation underlined the predominant role of activities targeted at adaptation to the EU standards (61,2% of RDP budget). / Synopsis. Analiza wdrażania PROW wykazała, że był to program, z którego beneficjenci chętnie korzystali. Wynika to poniekąd z jego specyfiki, bowiem został on ukierunkowany na wsparcie dużej liczby niewielkich kwotowo inwestycji. Ogólna liczba wniosków przyjętych do realizacji w regionie kujawsko-pomorskim w ramach analizowanych działań wyniosła 29,1 tys., co stanowiło 6,8% ogółu wniosków w skali kraju. Zestawiając liczbę wdrożonych wniosków z liczbą indywidualnych gospodarstw rolnych można stwierdzić, że 38,4% gospodarstw wzięło udział w którymś z działań PROW. Największe zainteresowanie towarzyszyło działaniu ukierunkowanemu na dostosowanie gospodarstw rolnych do standardów UE (45,4% ogółu wniosków). Łączna wielkość środków rozdysponowanych w ramach PROW przekroczyła 713 mln zł (10,7% ogólnej puli środków w kraju), co czyniło z tego programu równoważny instrument wsparcia rolnictwa obok równolegle wdrażanego SPO Rolnictwo. Analiza alokacji środków PROW podkreśliła dominującą rolę działania ukierunkowanego na dostosowanie gospodarstw do standardów UE (61,2% budżetu PROW).
Rationality of Direct Tax Revenue Forecasts under Asymmetric Losses: Evidence from Swiss cantons
Creators: name: Chatagny, Florian
name: Siliverstovs, Boriss
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2013
Subjects: ECONOMETRICS AND ECONOMETRIC MODELS (OPERATIONS RESEARCH)
ÖFFENTLICHE HAUSHALTE (ÖFFENTLICHE FINANZEN)
SCHWEIZ (MITTELEUROPA). SCHWEIZERISCHE EIDGENOSSENSCHAFT
SWITZERLAND (CENTRAL EUROPE). SWISS CONFEDERATION
ÖKONOMETRIE UND ÖKONOMETRISCHE MODELLE (OPERATIONS RESEARCH)
TAXES (PUBLIC FINANCE)
PUBLIC BUDGETS (PUBLIC FINANCE)
STEUERN (ÖFFENTLICHE FINANZEN)
info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/330
Economics

description: KOF Working Papers, 324
Scattering of Solitons and Dark Solitons by Potential Walls in the Nonlinear Schroedinger Equation
Creators: name: Sakaguchi, Hidetsugu
name: Tamura, Mitsuaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scattering of solitons and dark solitons by potential walls is studied in the nonlinear Schroedinger equation under various conditions. We investigate the conditions under which solitons are split into two solitons at the potential wall. We find that a soliton can be trapped in an interspace between two potential walls. A dark soliton can also be scattered at the potential wall. Similarly to a bright soliton, a dark soliton can pass through more easily the potential wall, as the width of the dark soliton is larger. A dark soliton can run away spontaneously from an interspace between the two potential walls. We also study the motion of a two-dimensional soliton in a two-dimensional quintic nonlinear Schroedinger equation. We find the coherent tunneling through a potential wall, and the refraction corresponding to Newton's refraction theory.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
Stan i perspektywy rozwoju działań przedsiębiorczych na obszarach wiejskich w zakresie żywności niekonwencjonalnej
Creators: name: Borowska, Agnieszka
name: Borowska, Agnieszka
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: enterprise
subject: traditional and regional products
subject: rural areas
subject: / przedsiębiorczość
subject: produkty tradycyjne
subject: regionalne
subject: obszary wiejskie

description: The article attempts to present the basic information about the state and prospects of the effectiveness of enterprising actions in rural areas with regard to the unconventional, traditional and regional food, especially in Poland. It describes the past and future potential dangers resulting from the initial phase of creation of this niche food market. / Synopsis. Artykuł jest próbą przedstawienia podstawowych informacji na temat stanu i perspektyw rozwoju działań przedsiębiorczych na obszarach wiejskich w zakresie żywności niekonwencjonalnej, tradycyjnej i regionalnej w Polsce. Ponadto jest próbą omówienia dotychczasowych korzyści, jak i potencjalnych zagrożeń wynikających z początkowej fazy tworzenia się niszowego rynku tejże żywności.
Ultra-high-Q toroidal microresonators for cavity quantum electrodynamics
Creators: name: Spillane, S. M.
name: Kippenberg, T. J.
name: Vahala, K. J.
name: Goh, K. W.
name: Wilcut, E.
name: Kimble, H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the suitability of toroidal microcavities for strong-coupling cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED). Numerical modeling of the optical modes demonstrate a significant reduction of modal volume with respect to the whispering gallery modes of dielectric spheres, while retaining the high quality factors representative of spherical cavities. The extra degree of freedom of toroid microcavities can be used to achieve improved cavity QED characteristics. Numerical results for atom-cavity coupling strength, critical atom number N_0 and critical photon number n_0 for cesium are calculated and shown to exceed values currently possible using Fabry-Perot cavities. Modeling predicts coupling rates g/(2*pi) exceeding 700 MHz and critical atom numbers approaching 10^{-7} in optimized structures. Furthermore, preliminary experimental measurements of toroidal cavities at a wavelength of 852 nm indicate that quality factors in excess of 100 million can be obtained in a 50 micron principal diameter cavity, which would result in strong coupling values of (g/(2*pi),n_0,N_0)=(86 MHz,4.6*10^{-4},1.0*10^{-3}).
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
Społeczne i ekonomiczne konsekwencje migracji zewnętrznych mieszkańców obszarów wiejskich
Creators: name: Cymanow, Piotr
name: Cymanow, Piotr
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: International Development
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Public Economics
subject: agricultural economics
subject: external migrations
subject: rural areas
subject: / ekonomika rolnictwa
subject: migracje zewnętrzne
subject: obszary wiejskie

description: The article presents the outcomes of rural dwellers’ migrations in the economic and social aspect. Apart from defining the phenomenon of external migration against the background of current social trends, also a review of motives for migration including the push factors (home country) and the pull factors (host country) in three aspects: economic-demographic, political and socio-cultural are presented. Furthermore, the economic effects of population flows from the perspective of functioning of the countries affected by mass emigration are discussed extensively. The empirical part of the article is focused on an analysis of results of studies conducted on a group of approximately 100 person involved in economic emigration. Respondents, whose permanent place of residence is South- Eastern part of Poland, have most frequently chosen the USA or Canada as the target country, whereas in Europe they migrated to Ireland, Germany and the United Kingdom. Willingness to improve their material status, the threatening unemployment or continuation of education prevailed among the reasons for migration. These elements were also most frequently indicated as positive outcomes of the decisions, whereas an additional asset of the emigration was an improvement of one’s status in the society or better chances for professional promotion, but also a cognitive motive. On the other hand the respondents pointed to negative results of migration, among which social effects like trauma caused by prolonged separation from the family, loosened family bonds or health injuries, and in the economic aspect the considerable costs incurred by the mobility. / Synopsis. Artykuł prezentuje skutki migracji ludności obszarów wiejskich w aspekcie ekonomicznym i społecznym. W opracowaniu, poza zdefiniowaniem zjawiska migracji zewnętrznych na tle współczesnych tendencji społecznych, zaprezentowano zestawienie motywów migracyjnych z uwzględnieniem czynników wypychających (kraj macierzysty) oraz przyciągających (kraj goszczący) w odniesieniu do trzech płaszczyzn: ekonomiczno-demograficznej, politycznej i społeczno-kulturowej. W dalszej kolejności sporo miejsca poświęcono ekonomicznym skutkom przepływu ludności z punktu widzenia funkcjonowania państw dotkniętych masową migracją. W części empirycznej skupiono się na analizie wyników badań przeprowadzonych metodą ankietową na grupie blisko 100 osób podejmujących zagraniczne wyjazdy zarobkowe.
Experimental setup for studying an ultracold mixture of trapped Yb$^+$-$^6$Li
Creators: name: Hirzler, H.
name: Feldker, T.
name: Fürst, H.
name: Ewald, N. V.
name: Trimby, E.
name: Lous, R. S.
name: Espinoza, J. Arias
name: Mazzanti, M.
name: Joger, J.
name: Gerritsma, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe and characterize an experimental apparatus that has been used to study interactions between ultracold lithium atoms and ytterbium ions. The preparation of ultracold clouds of Li atoms is described as well as their subsequent transport and overlap with Yb$^+$ ions trapped in a Paul trap. We show how the kinetic energy of the ion after interacting with the atoms can be obtained by laser spectroscopy. From analyzing the dynamics of the ion in the absence of atoms, we conclude that background heating, due to electric field noise, limits attainable buffer gas cooling temperatures. We suspect that this effect can be mitigated by noise reduction and by increasing the density of the Li gas, in order to improve its cooling power. Imperfections in the Paul trap lead to so-called excess micromotion, which poses another limitation to the buffer gas cooling. We describe in detail how we measure and subsequently minimize excess micromotion in our setup. We measure the effect of excess micromotion on attainable ion temperatures after buffer gas cooling and compare this to molecular dynamics simulations which describe the observed data very well.
description: 11 pages and 11 figures
Fakty i mity wokół rolnictwa w świetle badań empirycznych
Creators: name: Czyżewski, Andrzej
name: Kułyk, Piotr
name: Czyżewski, Andrzej
name: Kułyk, Piotr
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Political Economy
subject: agricultural policy
subject: market imperfection
subject: public goods
subject: / polityka rolna
subject: niedoskonałości mechanizmu rynkowego
subject: dobra publiczne

description: The aim of the article was to analyse the performance relationships between the imperfections of the market allocation connected with the agricultural sector and solutions in agricultural policy conditioned by globalization. The main areas of imperfection are described adverting to their misjudgment. The basic agricultural economic problems as well as their changes under new circumstances in the economic environment are paid attention to. It should be emphasized that in spite of transformations and changes of paradigms happening in agricultural policy, still the basic failures of market mechanism must be resolved through the mediation of this policy. / Synopsis. Celem opracowania było przedstawienie zależności, związanych z sektorem rolnym, pomiędzy niedoskonałościami alokacji rynkowej a rozwiązaniami w polityce rolnej w warunkach globalizacji. Przedstawiono główne obszary niedoskonałości zwracając uwagę na ich niewłaściwą ocenę. Zaprezentowano podstawowe kwestie rolne i ich zmiany w nowych warunkach otoczenia. Podkreślono, iż mimo zachodzących przekształceń i zmiany paradygmatów w polityce rolnej nadal kluczowe ułomności mechanizmu rynkowego muszą być rozwiązywane za pośrednictwem polityki rolnej.
An architectural roadmap for a national e-science infrastructure for remote monitoring of avian movement
Creators: name: Qi, Ji
name: Shamoun, J.Z.
Publisher: name: University of Amsterdam / Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biological Sciences
Earth and Environmental Sciences
Information and Computing Sciences

description: This document aims to provide a roadmap for the design and further development of an e-science infrastructure for remote monitoring of avian movement. Such an infrastructure should support long-term research on avian movement and collaboration as well as the development of tools for human-wildlife interactions.  This work was conducted in the context of the NWO Open Technology Programme, project Interactions between birds and offshore wind farms: drivers, consequences, and tools for mitigation (project number 17083)
Quark propagator in Landau and Laplacian gauges with overlap fermions
Creators: name: Zhang, J. B.
name: Bowman, Patrick O.
name: Coad, Ryan J.
name: Heller, Urs M.
name: Leinweber, Derek B.
name: Williams, Anthony G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of the momentum space quark propagator in Landau gauge and Gribov copy free Laplacian gauge are studied for the overlap quark action in quenched lattice QCD. Numerical calculations are done on two lattices with different lattice spacing $a$ and the same physical volume. We have calculated the nonperturbative wave function renormalization function $Z(q)$ and the nonperturbative mass function $M(p)$ for a variety of bare quark masses and perform a simple linear extrapolation to the chiral limit. We focus on the comparison of the behavior of $Z(q)$ and $M(p)$ in the chiral limit in the two gauge fixing schemes as well as the behavior on two lattices with different lattice spacing $a$. We find that the mass functions $M(p)$ are very similar for the two gauges while the wave-function renormalization function $Z(q)$ is more strongly infrared suppressed in the Laplacian gauge than in the Landau gauge on the finer lattice. For Laplacian gauge, it seems that the finite $a$ error is large on the coarse lattice which has a lattice spacing $a$ of about 0.124 fm.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, version appeared in Phys. Rev. D
Density and spectrum of minimal submanifolds in space forms
Creators: name: Lima, Barnabé Pessoa
name: Montenegro, José Fabio
name: Mari, Luciano
name: Vieira, Franciane B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58J50 (Primary), 58C21 (Secondary), 35P15

description: Let $M^m$ be a minimal properly immersed submanifold in an ambient space close, in a suitable sense, to the space form $\mathbb{N}^n_k$ of curvature $-k\le 0$. In this paper, we are interested in the relation between the density function $Θ(r)$ of $M^m$ and the spectrum of the Laplace-Beltrami operator. In particular, we prove that if $Θ(r)$ has subexponential growth (when $k<0$) or sub-polynomial growth ($k=0$) along a sequence, then the spectrum of $M^m$ is the same as that of the space form $\mathbb{N}^m_k$. Notably, the result applies to Anderson's (smooth) solutions of Plateau's problem at infinity on the hyperbolic space $\mathbb{H}^n$, independently of their boundary regularity. We also give a simple condition on the second fundamental form that ensures $M$ to have finite density. In particular, we show that minimal submanifolds of $\mathbb{H}^n$ with finite total curvature have finite density.
description: 28 pages. Minor corrections. Final Version
Uwarunkowania aktywności zawodowej ludności wiejskiej z perspektywy teorii „swoich” i „obcych”
Creators: name: Drejerska, Nina
name: Drejerska, Nina
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Political Economy
subject: economic activity
subject: insider-outsider theory
subject: rural inhabitants
subject: / aktywność zawodowa
subject: teoria „swoich” i „obcych”
subject: ludność wiejska

description: The paper presents results of own research as well as research of other researchers in the field of economic activity of rural inhabitants. Their elements which could be possibly interpreted from the perspective of the ‘insider-outsider’ theory were selected. This theory assumes that there are significant costs of ‘outsiders’ employment as compared to the costs of contemporary employees (‘insiders’). As a consequence there is a higher probability of an outflow of people of lower employment stability (for example younger people, women, and persons with lower qualifications) from the economic activity. A review of research results confirms that a position in a family, age as well as education level or some additional qualifications determine the economic activity of rural inhabitants, which can be associated with the assumptions of the ‘insider-outsider’ theory. / Synopsis. W opracowaniu zaprezentowano wyniki badań własnych i badań innych autorów nad aktywnością zawodową ludności wiejskiej. Wybrane zostały te ich elementy, które można interpretować w kontekście jednej ze współczesnych teorii rynku pracy, mianowicie teorii „swoich” i „obcych” (insider-outsider theory), zakładającej znaczne koszty wymiany zatrudnionych „swoich” na pretendujących do zatrudnienia „obcych”. Jednym z ważnych reperkusji takiego podejścia jest założenie o wyższym prawdopodobieństwie odpływu z zatrudnienia osób o mniejszej stabilności zatrudnienia (np. ludzi młodych, kobiet, osób o niskich kwalifikacjach), a co za tym idzie ich mniejsze szanse na odpływ z bierności zawodowej do zatrudnienia. Przegląd wyników badań potwierdza wpływ statusu w rodzinie oraz przekładającego się na niego wieku, a także wykształcenia czy dodatkowych kwalifikacji na prawdopodobieństwo aktywności zawodowej, co może być konsekwencją prawidłowości leżących u podstaw teorii „swoich i obcych”.
PaccMann$^{RL}$ on SARS-CoV-2: Designing antiviral candidates with conditional generative models
Creators: name: Born, Jannis
name: Manica, Matteo
name: Cadow, Joris
name: Markert, Greta
name: Mill, Nil Adell
name: Filipavicius, Modestas
name: Martínez, María Rodríguez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the fast development of COVID-19 into a global pandemic, scientists around the globe are desperately searching for effective antiviral therapeutic agents. Bridging systems biology and drug discovery, we propose a deep learning framework for conditional de novo design of antiviral candidate drugs tailored against given protein targets. First, we train a multimodal ligand--protein binding affinity model on predicting affinities of antiviral compounds to target proteins and couple this model with pharmacological toxicity predictors. Exploiting this multi-objective as a reward function of a conditional molecular generator (consisting of two VAEs), we showcase a framework that navigates the chemical space toward regions with more antiviral molecules. Specifically, we explore a challenging setting of generating ligands against unseen protein targets by performing a leave-one-out-cross-validation on 41 SARS-CoV-2-related target proteins. Using deep RL, it is demonstrated that in 35 out of 41 cases, the generation is biased towards sampling more binding ligands, with an average increase of 83% comparing to an unbiased VAE. We present a case-study on a potential Envelope-protein inhibitor and perform a synthetic accessibility assessment of the best generated molecules is performed that resembles a viable roadmap towards a rapid in-vitro evaluation of potential SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
Analiza stanu obecnego i kierunków rozwoju rolniczych spółdzielni produkcyjnych w Polsce po przystąpieniu do Unii Europejskiej
Creators: name: Gajewska, Małgorzata
name: Gajewska, Małgorzata
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Farm Management
subject: Public Economics
subject: agricultural productive cooperatives
subject: agricultural producer groups
subject: agricultural cooperativism
subject: / rolnicze spółdzielnie produkcyjne
subject: grupy producentów rolnych
subject: spółdzielczość rolnicza

description: The article presents the idea and and the profile of agricultural productive cooperatives with regard to the object of their activity, their numbers and their spatial distribution in Poland. The article mentions also the organizational models of cooperativism in some EU countries and shows the possibility of their adaptation into Polish conditions. Besides, the article describes chances of agricultural productive cooperatives’ development, which are the result of the membership in an agricultural producer groups. / Synopsis. W artykule przedstawiono ideę i istotę rolniczych spółdzielni produkcyjnych (RSP) oraz dokonano charakterystyki tych podmiotów ze względu na przedmiot działalności, stan ilościowy i przestrzenne rozmieszczenie w Polsce. Dokonano również przeglądu modeli spółdzielczości rolniczej w wybranych krajach Unii Europejskiej oraz wskazano możliwości ich adaptacji do polskich warunków. W opracowaniu opisano również szanse rozwoju działalności rolniczych spółdzielni produkcyjnych wynikające z przynależności do grup producentów rolnych.
Ekologizacja procesu produkcji wielkopolskich przedsiębiorstw mleczarskich
Creators: name: Hadryjańska, Barbara
name: Hadryjańska, Barbara
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: ecologization
subject: dairy companies
subject: environmental protection
subject: / ekologizacja
subject: przedsiębiorstwa mleczarskie
subject: ochrona środowiska

description: The ecologization activities ware presented in the article. They were conducted in Wielkopolska dairy companies. 32 units were included in the inquiry, among which there were small, medium and large companies. The respondents answered to questions which concerned the factors motivating to undertaking the pro-environmental activities and the priorities as well as the barriers for these activities. The dairy companies indicated changes in their environmental paremeters and changes in the company environmental policies. The pro-environmental activities are being taken in the examined companies. Their form and intensity depend on the size of production unit. In most researched companies, the following environmental parameters were improved: the weight of wastes with respect to the weight of finished product, the quantity of recovered packaging in comparison with the total amount of packaging, the volume of emissions to atmosphere and the quantity of sewage produced in the production process. / Synopsis. W pracy przedstawiono działania ekologizacyjne, jakie są prowadzone w przedsiębiorstwach mleczarskich na terenie Wielkopolski. Badaniom ankietowym poddano 32 jednostki, wśród których występowały przedsiębiorstwa małe, średnie i duże. Respondenci odpowiadali na pytania związane z czynnikami motywującymi do podejmowania działań prośrodowiskowych, a także priorytetami, czy też barierami takich działań. Przedsiębiorstwa mleczarskie określały zmiany parametrów środowiskowych oraz zmiany w polityce środowiskowej firmy. W badanych przedsiębiorstwach podejmowane są działania prośrodowiskowe, których forma oraz intensywność zależą od wielkości jednostki produkcyjnej W większości badanych przedsiębiorstw poprawie uległy parametry środowiskowe, takie jak waga odpadów w przeliczeniu na produkt gotowy, ilość opakowań odzyskiwanych w stosunku do całkowitej ilości opakowań, wielkość emisji do atmosfery, czy też ilość ścieków powstających w procesie produkcji.
A Measurable Angular Distribution for ${\bar B} \to D^{*} τ^- {\barν}_τ$ Decays
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Bhubanjyoti
name: Datta, Alakabha
name: Kamali, Saeed
name: London, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At present, the measurements of $R_{D^{(*)}}$ and $R_{J/ψ}$ hint at new physics (NP) in $b \to c τ^- {\barν}$ decays. The angular distribution of ${\bar B} \to D^* (\to D π) \, τ^{-} {\barν}_τ$ would be useful for getting information about the NP, but it cannot be measured. The reason is that the three-momentum ${\vec p}_τ$ cannot be determined precisely since the decay products of the $τ^-$ include an undetected $ν_τ$. In this paper, we construct a measurable angular distribution by considering the additional decay $τ^- \to π^- ν_τ$. The full process is ${\bar B} \to D^* (\to D π') \, τ^{-} (\to π^- ν_τ) {\barν}_τ$, which includes three final-state particles whose three-momenta can be measured: $D$, $π'$, $π^-$. The magnitudes and relative phases of all the NP parameters can be extracted from a fit to this angular distribution. One can measure CP-violating angular asymmmetries. If one integrates over some of the five kinematic parameters parametrizing the angular distribution, one obtains (i) familiar observables such as the $q^2$ distribution and the $D^*$ polarization, and (ii) new observables associated with the $π^-$ emitted in the $τ$ decay: the forward-backward asymmetry of the $π^-$ and the CP-violating triple-product asymmetry.
description: 28 pages, 2 figures, 7 tables, presentation format for angular distribution revised, typos corrected, references added, to appear in JHEP
On coarse embeddability into $\ell_p$-spaces and a conjecture of Dranishnikov
Creators: name: Nowak, Piotr W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that the Hilbert space is coarsely embeddable into any $\ell_p$ for $1\le p
description: 5 pages
Robustness of the avalanche dynamics in data packet transport on scale-free networks
Creators: name: Lee, E. J.
name: Goh, K. -I.
name: Kahng, B.
name: Kim, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the avalanche dynamics in the data packet transport on scale-free networks through a simple model. In the model, each vertex is assigned a capacity proportional to the load with a proportionality constant $1+a$. When the system is perturbed by a single vertex removal, the load of each vertex is redistributed, followed by subsequent failures of overloaded vertices. The avalanche size depends on the parameter $a$ as well as which vertex triggers it. We find that there exists a critical value $a_c$ at which the avalanche size distribution follows a power law. The critical exponent associated with it appears to be robust as long as the degree exponent is between 2 and 3, and is close in value to that of the distribution of the diameter changes by single vertex removal.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures, final version published in PRE
An evaluation of health impact assessment in Canada using four case studies from the mining industry
Creators: name: McCaig, Karen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: In Canada, health impact assessment is part of the Integrated Environmental Assessment framework. This thesis addresses previously expressed concerns regarding a lack of health impact assessment in Integrated Assessment frameworks and examines how thoroughly human health has been taken into consideration in the environmental assessments that have been conducted for new mining developments in Canada. Using an evidence-based policy analysis approach, four case study environmental assessments that have been reviewed by public panel under full or partial responsibility of the federal government of Canada were examined retrospectively and discussed in context of the recently published Canadian Handbook on Health Impact Assessment. Information regarding the case studies was gathered primarily from formal environmental assessment documentation. State of knowledge was identified from a review of health science literature. The performance of health impact assessment was assessed by comparing scope of health impacts considered during each environmental assessment with the state of knowledge. The impact of the consideration of health impacts on the governments' final decision was evaluated by comparing the scope of health impacts considered in the panel report and those in the government(s') reports. These comparisons were facilitated using a tool, developed as part of this work, which integrates attributes of mining lifecycle, impact pathway, and determinant of health categories to provide a visual and informative snapshot of the scope of human health impacts. The results indicate that environmental assessments have been predominantly concerned with effects of direct and ecosystem mediated exposures to chemicals on affected communities and have had an impact at the decision-making phase. The limited use of scientific knowledge regarding other environmental hazards or occupational and social health factors are found to be a product of the unique processes which have resulted from the ambiguous legislation and scoping exercises of the past. In conclusion, while the Canadian Handbook on Health Impact Assessment has considerable potential to improve upon past practices, the increasing development of confidential Impact and Benefits Agreements (IBAs) between proponents and communities may negatively impact the further development and effectiveness of health impact assessment of mining operations in the long term.
Sharp capacity estimates in s-John domains
Creators: name: Guo, Chang-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30C65, 46E35

description: It is well-known that several problems related to analysis on $s$-John domains can be unified by certain capacity lower estimates. In this paper, we obtain general lower bounds of $p$-capacity of a compact set $E$ and the central Whitney cube $Q_0$ in terms of the Hausdorff $q$-content of $E$ in an $s$-John domain $Ω$. Moreover, we construct several examples to show the essential sharpness of our estimates.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures
Fluctuation-Driven Molecular Transport in an Asymmetric Membrane Channel
Creators: name: Kosztin, Ioan
name: Schulten, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Channel proteins, that selectively conduct molecules across cell membranes, often exhibit an asymmetric structure. By means of a stochastic model, we argue that channel asymmetry in the presence of non-equilibrium fluctuations, fueled by the cell's metabolism as observed recently, can dramatically influence the transport through such channels by a ratchet-like mechanism. For an aquaglyceroporin that conducts water and glycerol we show that a previously determined asymmetric glycerol potential leads to enhanced inward transport of glycerol, but for unfavorably high glycerol concentrations also to enhanced outward transport that protects a cell against poisoning.
description: REVTeX4, 4 pages, 3 figures; Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett
Designing for Human Rights in AI
Creators: name: Aizenberg, Evgeni
name: Hoven, Jeroen van den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the age of big data, companies and governments are increasingly using algorithms to inform hiring decisions, employee management, policing, credit scoring, insurance pricing, and many more aspects of our lives. AI systems can help us make evidence-driven, efficient decisions, but can also confront us with unjustified, discriminatory decisions wrongly assumed to be accurate because they are made automatically and quantitatively. It is becoming evident that these technological developments are consequential to people's fundamental human rights. Despite increasing attention to these urgent challenges in recent years, technical solutions to these complex socio-ethical problems are often developed without empirical study of societal context and the critical input of societal stakeholders who are impacted by the technology. On the other hand, calls for more ethically- and socially-aware AI often fail to provide answers for how to proceed beyond stressing the importance of transparency, explainability, and fairness. Bridging these socio-technical gaps and the deep divide between abstract value language and design requirements is essential to facilitate nuanced, context-dependent design choices that will support moral and social values. In this paper, we bridge this divide through the framework of Design for Values, drawing on methodologies of Value Sensitive Design and Participatory Design to present a roadmap for proactively engaging societal stakeholders to translate fundamental human rights into context-dependent design requirements through a structured, inclusive, and transparent process.
description: 30 pages, 2 figures, pre-print of the paper accepted for publication in the journal Big Data & Society
Maps from Riemannian manifolds into non-degenerate Euclidean cones
Creators: name: Mari, Luciano
name: Rigoli, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C42 (Primary), 35B50, 53C21 (Secondary)

description: Let $M$ be a connected, non-compact $m$-dimensional Riemannian manifold. In this paper we consider smooth maps $ϕ: M \to \mathbb{R}^n$ with images inside a non-degenerate cone. Under quite general assumptions on $M$, we provide a lower bound for the width of the cone in terms of the energy and the tension of $ϕ$ and a metric parameter. As a side product, we recover some well known results concerning harmonic maps, minimal immersions and Kähler submanifolds. In case $ϕ$ is an isometric immersion, we also show that, if $M$ is sufficiently well-behaved and has non-positive sectional curvature, $ϕ(M)$ cannot be contained into a non-degenerate cone of $\mathbb{R}^{2m-1}$.
description: 19 pages, to appear