cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Does Digitalisation Change International Law Structurally?
Creators: name: Burchardt, Dana
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Digitalisation
subject: International Law
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::340 Recht::340 Recht

description: The paper provides a meta-analysis of the structural impact of digitalisation on interna-tional law. It synthesises the contributions of this special issue [German Law Journal Special Issue (vol. 24/3) on “The Impact of Digitalisation on International Law”], showing how their findings are interrelated and which cross-cutting trends we can observe. It uses an analytical framework designed to assess structural changes in international law by analysing the impact that digitalisation has on key reference points: actors, norms and values. From this assessment, it draws the conclusion that digitalisation is changing and will continue to change structural features of international law.
A global existence result for a Keller-Segel type system with supercritical initial data
Creators: name: Bartolucci, Daniele
name: Castorina, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35J61, 35K45, 35K57, 35K58

description: We consider a parabolic-elliptic Keller-Segel type system, which is related to a simplified model of chemotaxis. Concerning the maximal range of existence of solutions, there are essentially two kinds of results: either global existence in time for general subcritical ($\|ρ_0\|_1<8π$) initial data, or blow--up in finite time for suitably chosen supercritical ($\|ρ_0\|_1>8π$) initial data with concentration around finitely many points. As a matter of fact there are no results claiming the existence of global solutions in the supercritical case. We solve this problem here and prove that, for a particular set of initial data which share large supercritical masses, the corresponding solution is global and uniformly bounded.
Stricosus alfageehii Sabir and Theriot 2018, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Sabir, J. S. M.
name: Theriot, E. C.
name: Lobban, C. S.
name: Alhebshi, A. M.
name: Al-Malki, A. L.
name: Hajrah, N. H.
name: Khiyami, M. A.
name: Obaid, A. Y.
name: Jansen, R. K.
name: Ashworth, M. A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Ochrophyta
Bacillariophyceae
Licmophorales
Ulnariaceae
Stricosus
Stricosus alfageehii

description: Stricosus alfageehii Sabir and Theriot sp. nov. (Figs 78–82)
 Holotype:— ANSP G.C. 38102
 Isotype: — KSA 0128 in the Theriot Collection at UT Austin.
 Type locality: —Obhur shoreline, near Jeddah, Makkah Province, Saudi Arabia (21° 43.535’ N, 39° 06.949’ E).
 Material studied: —Wild and cultured (UTKSA 0077) material, isolated from type locality: SA 29, sediment collected from the submerged rocky bottom at the Obhur area of Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (21° 43.535’ N, 39° 06.949’ E). Wild and cultured (KSA 0128) material, isolated from collection: SA 12, plankton tow collected from the breakwater at the Al Qatan Resort at Markaz Al Shoaibah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (20° 50.47’ N, 39° 24.05’ E). Wild and cultured (UTKSA 0242) material, isolated from collection: KSA 2015-14, sediment collected from the submerged rocky bottom at the Obhur area of Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (21° 43.535’ N, 39° 06.949’ E).
 Description: —Valves were 41.5–185.8 μm long by 3.4–10.7 μm wide. The sternum was narrow and linear. Virga densitites of 38–44 per 10 μm. External pores were barely resolvable; striae were biseriate. The bilayer wall was open to the interior via a single pore at the junction of the face and mantle. A rimoportula was positioned about 1.9–3.0 μm from each end of the valve. The deeply sunken ocellulimbus was overhung by two spines, 9–14 pores wide and 7–10 pores tall, with about 4–7 pores per 1 μm. Girdle bands were open and without pores.
 Remarks: — Stricosus alfageehii and S. madanii, described below, were found in the same sample. Whereas S. madanii had margins that were parallel for roughly half of more of the length, the margins of S. alfageehii were generally weakly convex in the middle, then either convex or linear in the flanking regions, with the outline progressively becoming linear as it approached the apex. The rimoportula opening of S. alfageehii was observed to be linear; that of S. madanii was sinuous.
 Etymology: —This species was named in honor of Dr. Mohamed B. Alfageeh, Director, National Centre for Biotechnology, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh 11442, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
description: Published as part of Sabir, J. S. M., Theriot, E. C., Lobban, C. S., Alhebshi, A. M., Al-Malki, A. L., Hajrah, N. H., Khiyami, M. A., Obaid, A. Y., Jansen, R. K. & Ashworth, M. A., 2018, Systematics of araphid diatoms with asymmetric rimoportulae or densely packed virgae, with particular attention to Hyalosynedra (Ulnariaceae, Bacillariophyta), pp. 1-49 in Phytotaxa 347 (1) on pages 29-32, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.347.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13707999
Nanostructure of edge dislocations in a smectic C* liquid crystal
Creators: name: Zhang, C.
name: Grubb, A. M.
name: Seed, A. J.
name: Sampson, P.
name: Jákli, A.
name: Lavrentovich, O. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the first direct nanoscale imaging of elementary edge dislocations in a thermotropic chiral smectic C liquid crystal with the Burgers vector equal to one smectic layer spacing d. We find two different types of dislocation profiles. In the dislocation of type A, the layers deformations lack mirror symmetry with respect to the plane perpendicular to the Burgers vector; the dislocation core size is on the order of d. In the dislocation of type S, the core is strongly anisotropic, extending along the Burgers vector over distances much larger (by a factor of 4) than d. The difference is attributed to a different orientation of the molecular tilt plane with respect to the dislocation axis; the asymmetric layers distortions are observed when the molecular tilt plane is perpendicular to the axis and the split S core is observed when the molecules are tilted along the line.
Galindo in Volumes: Architectural Investment through Aerial Drone Maps at the Late Moche Site of Galindo, Peru
Creators: name: Murray, Brendon
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: In this thesis, I use aerial drone photography, photogrammetry, and Global Information Systems (GIS) software to investigate labor investment in the monumental structures of Galindo. In total 1,881 photos were taken at an altitude of 100 meters at the site and were compiled into a 3-D rendering of the site. This rendering was then analyzed in ArcGIS to calculate the volume of monumental structures at the site. These volumetric data were then used to estimate the total labor investment for each structure. These data are used in conjunction with recent research to better understand Galindo’s unique place in the history of the Moche Valley. I propose a new chronology of the construction of monumental structures at the site of Galindo and a reevaluation of its relationship with Huacas del Moche and Chan Chan. This chronology indicates that Galindo began as a secondary site in the Middle Moche Phase and ascended to primary site in the Late Moche Phase. With a shift in power, Galindo developed unique styles of monumental architecture, shifting from huaca-style mounds to the walled-complexes known as cercaduras. This understanding of labor investment at Galindo may have further implications including shifts in political structure and dynastic succession.
Squeezed-light spin noise spectroscopy
Creators: name: Lucivero, Vito Giovanni
name: Jiménez-Martínez, Ricardo
name: Kong, Jia
name: Mitchell, Morgan W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report quantum enhancement of Faraday rotation spin noise spectroscopy by polarization squeezing of the probe beam. Using natural abundance Rb in 100 Torr of N_2 buffer gas, and squeezed light from a sub-threshold optical parametric oscillator stabilized 20 GHz to the blue of the D_1 resonance, we observe that an input squeezing of 3.0 dB improves the signal-to-noise ratio by 1.5 dB to 2.6 dB over the combined (power)$\otimes$(number density) ranges (0.5 mW to 4.0 mW )$\otimes$(1.5 x 10^{12} cm^{-3} to 1.3 x 10^{13} cm^{-3}), covering the ranges used in optimized spin noise spectroscopy experiments. We also show that squeezing improves the trade-off between statistical sensitivity and broadening effects, a previously unobserved quantum advantage.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor sensitivity loss factor estimation in partial correction regime
Creators: name: Agapito, Guido
name: Arcidiacono, Carmelo
name: Esposito, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In typical adaptive optics applications, the atmospheric residual turbulence affects the wavefront sensor response decreasing its sensitivity. On the other hand, wavefront sensors are generally calibrated in diffraction limited condition, and, so, the interaction matrix sensitivity differs from the closed loop one. The ratio between the two sensitivities, that we will call the sensitivity loss factor, has to be estimated to retrieve a well-calibrated measurement. The spots size measurement could give a good estimation, but it is limited to systems with spots well sampled and uniform across the pupil. We present an algorithm to estimate sensitivity loss factor from closed loop data, based on the known parameters of the closed loop transfer functions. Here we preferred for simplicity the Shack-Hartmann WFS, but the algorithm we propose can be extended to other WFSs.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, fifth Adaptive Optics for Extremely Large Telescopes conference, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain, June 25-30, 2017
Landscape of competing stripe and magnetic phases in cuprates
Creators: name: Zhang, Yubo
name: Lane, Christopher
name: Furness, James W.
name: Barbiellini, Bernardo
name: Markiewicz, Robert S.
name: Bansil, Arun
name: Sun, Jianwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Realistic modeling of competing phases in complex quantum materials has proven extremely challenging. For example, much of the existing density-functional-theory-based first-principles framework fails in the cuprate superconductors. Various many-body approaches involve generic model Hamiltonians and do not account for the couplings between spin, charge, and lattice. Here, by deploying the recently constructed strongly-constrained-and-appropriately-normed density functional, we show how landscapes of competing stripe and magnetic phases can be addressed on a first-principles basis in YBa2Cu3O6 and YBa2Cu3O7 as archetype cuprate compounds. We invoke no free parameters such as the Hubbard U, which has been the basis of much of the cuprate literature. Lattice degrees of freedom are found to be crucially important in stabilizing the various phases.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
"Forbidden" phonon: dynamical signature of bond symmetry breaking in the iron chalcogenides
Creators: name: Fobes, David M.
name: Zaliznyak, Igor A.
name: Tranquada, John M.
name: Xu, Zhijun
name: Gu, Genda
name: He, Xu-Gang
name: Ku, Wei
name: Zhao, Yang
name: Matsuda, Masaaki
name: Garlea, V. Ovidu
name: Winn, Barry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Investigation of the inelastic neutron scattering spectra in Fe$_{1+y}$Te$_{1-x}$Se$_{x}$ near a signature wave vector $\mathbf{Q} = (1,0,0)$ for the bond-order wave (BOW) formation of parent compound Fe$_{1+y}$Te [Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 187202 (2014)] reveals an acoustic-phonon-like dispersion present in all structural phases. While a structural Bragg peak accompanies the mode in the low-temperature phase of Fe$_{1+y}$Te, it is absent in the high-temperature tetragonal phase, where Bragg scattering at this $\mathbf{Q}$ is forbidden by symmetry. Notably, this mode is also observed in superconducting FeTe$_{0.55}$Se$_{0.45}$, where structural and magnetic transitions are suppressed, and no BOW has been observed. The presence of this "forbidden" phonon indicates that the lattice symmetry is dynamically or locally broken by magneto-orbital BOW fluctuations, which are strongly coupled to lattice in these materials.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures; supplement: 8 pages, 9 figures
title: Διερεύνηση του μετασχηματισμού της σχολικής αίθουσας για την υποστήριξη σύγχρονων εκπαιδευτικών πρακτικών που ενισχύονται από τεχνολογίες
title: Investigating the transformation of the classroom architecture to support modern technology-enhanced educational practices
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Μπότη, Αργυρώ
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2023
Subjects: Σχεδιασμός σχολικής αίθουσας
Μάθηση που ενισχύεται από τεχνολογίες
Σύγχρονες εκπαιδευτικές πρακτικές

description: Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία στόχο έχει να διερευνήσει το μετασχηματισμό της σχολικής αίθουσας ώστε να υποστηρίζονται σύγχρονες εκπαιδευτικές πρακτικές που ενισχύονται από τεχνολογίες. Παρόλο που οι εκπαιδευτικές πρακτικές εξελίσσονται συνεχώς με την πάροδο του χρόνου, παρατηρούμε ότι ο σχεδιασμός της σχολικής αίθουσας παρέμεινε σε μεγάλο βαθμό ο ίδιος. Τα μαθητικά θρανία παρατάσσονται σε σειρές απέναντι από τον εκπαιδευτικό, στατικά, χωρίς να επιτρέπουν την εύκολη μετακίνησή τους. Προσφέροντας ευελιξία στα έπιπλα, επιτρέπεται στους εκπαιδευτικούς να ξεφύγουν από τις παραδοσιακές μορφές διδασκαλίας και να εξερευνήσουν άλλες πρακτικές με περισσότερη ελευθερία οι οποίες τους κάνουν να αισθάνονται πιο αποτελεσματικοί και πιο δημιουργικοί. Στην παρούσα έρευνα, αρχικά δόθηκε ένα ερωτηματολόγιο σε 30 εκπαιδευτικούς που σκοπό είχε να αντλήσει πληροφορίες σχετικά με τις απόψεις των εκπαιδευτικών για τις σχολικές αίθουσες που υπάρχουν. Διακρίνοντας την απογοήτευσή τους, σχεδιάστηκαν οι προδιαγραφές μίας αίθουσας προκειμένου να φιλοξενήσει σύγχρονες εκπαιδευτικές πρακτικές. Η αίθουσα κατασκευάστηκε στο ψηφιακό περιβάλλον του roomstyler με έμφαση σε δύο σημεία. Πρώτον στην ευελιξία,που επιτρέπει στους μαθητές να εργαστούν είτε ατομικά, είτε σε ομάδες ποικίλων ατόμων και δεύτερον στην εύκολη πρόσβαση στην τεχνολογία. Στη συνέχεια, επιλέχθηκαν τρεις εκπαιδευτικοί με ψηφιακή ευχέρεια και καταρτισμένοι σε σύγχρονες εκπαιδευτικές πρακτικές, στους οποίους έγινε μία παρουσίαση της αίθουσας που δημιουργήθηκε, εξηγώντας λεπτομερώς με ποιο σκεπτικό σχεδιάστηκε το κάθε σημείο της. Στη συνέχεια, διενεργήθηκαν τρεις ημιδομημένες συνεντεύξεις με κάθε έναν εκπαιδευτικό. Ακολούθησε ανάλυση περιεχομένου των συνεντεύξεων. Τα αποτελέσματα της ποιοτικής ανάλυσης έδειξαν ότι οι εκπαιδευτικοί βρισκόμενοι σε μία αίθουσα όπως αυτή που τους παρουσιάστηκε είναι πρόθυμοι να τροποποιήσουν τις μεθόδους διδασκαλίας τους εντάσσοντας καινοτόμες εκπαιδευτικές πρακτικές οι οποίες υποστηρίζονται από ψηφιακά εργαλεία. Υποστηρίζουν ότι μία τέτοια αίθουσα ενισχύει τη διαδραστική μάθηση εμπλέκοντας ενεργά τους μαθητές. Επίσης, προάγονται οι δεξιότητες του 21ου αιώνα όπως η επίλυση προβλημάτων, η κριτική σκέψη, η δημιουργικότητα, η επικοινωνία και η συνεργασία.
Optimal extension to Sobolev rough paths
Creators: name: Liu, Chong
name: Prömel, David J.
name: Teichmann, Josef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60L20, 60L30, 60H05

description: We show that every $\mathbb{R}^d$-valued Sobolev path with regularity $α$ and integrability $p$ can be lifted to a Sobolev rough path in the sense of T. Lyons provided $α>1/p>0$. Moreover, we prove the existence of unique rough path lifts which are optimal w.r.t. strictly convex functionals among all possible rough path lifts given a Sobolev path. As examples, we consider the rough path lift with minimal Sobolev norm and characterize the Stratonovich rough path lift of a Brownian motion as optimal lift w.r.t. to a suitable convex functional. Generalizations of the results to Besov spaces are briefly discussed.
description: Typos fixed. To appear in Potential Analysis
Stricosus gracilis Theriot and Ashworth 2018, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Sabir, J. S. M.
name: Theriot, E. C.
name: Lobban, C. S.
name: Alhebshi, A. M.
name: Al-Malki, A. L.
name: Hajrah, N. H.
name: Khiyami, M. A.
name: Obaid, A. Y.
name: Jansen, R. K.
name: Ashworth, M. A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Ochrophyta
Bacillariophyceae
Licmophorales
Ulnariaceae
Stricosus
Stricosus gracilis

description: Stricosus gracilis Theriot and Ashworth sp. nov. (Figs 83–89)
 Holotype:— ANSP G. C. 59326
 Isotype: — ECT 4116.
 Type locality: —Rabbit Key Basin, Florida, USA, collected as a epiphyte on macrophytes (24 o 58.60’ N, 80 o 50.41’ W)
 Material studied: —Wild and cultured (21IV14-4 E “synedroid12”) material, isolated from type locality: ECT 4116, epiphytes collected from Penicillus spp. thalli at Rabbit Key Basin, Florida, USA (24 o 58.60’ N, 80 o 50.41’ W).
 Description: —Specimens ranged from 153.1–357.5 μm long, but only 4.7–5.7 μm in width (Figs 83–85, 87). Valves were lanceolate with nearly parallel sides. Apices were not distinguished from the remainder of the margin until the very end when they became rounded. The sternum was prominently lanceolate, being about 1 μm wide in the valve center. Virgae density was 44–52 in μm. External pores were again difficult to resolve, but appeared to be biseriate. The internal membrane was perforated by a row of pores at the junction of the face and mantle. The full pore field of the ocellulimbus was difficult to see because it was deeply sunken (Fig. 88). However, it appeared that the exterior pore field was 3–4 poroids tall and 10–15 wide. There were 4–7 prominent spines overhanging each ocellulimbus (Figs 86, 88). Each rimoportula was 2.1–3.1 μm from the end of the valve. Internally, the slit of each rimoportula was roughly transapical and had symmetric margins. Externally, the rimoportula was a simple pore located at the edge of the hyaline region above the ocellulimbus. Girdle bands were smooth and open (Fig. 88).
 Remarks: —Specimens observed for this species nearly reach the same maximum length as S. blumbergii (described below), but S. gracilis specimens were narrower.
 Etymology: —Specimens were very narrow for their great length, and were delicate looking, hence the epithet “gracilis ”, meaning slender, slim or svelte.
description: Published as part of Sabir, J. S. M., Theriot, E. C., Lobban, C. S., Alhebshi, A. M., Al-Malki, A. L., Hajrah, N. H., Khiyami, M. A., Obaid, A. Y., Jansen, R. K. & Ashworth, M. A., 2018, Systematics of araphid diatoms with asymmetric rimoportulae or densely packed virgae, with particular attention to Hyalosynedra (Ulnariaceae, Bacillariophyta), pp. 1-49 in Phytotaxa 347 (1) on page 32, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.347.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13707999
A Little World Made Cunningly: The Formation of John Donne in the Civil War Period
Creators: name: Christoffersen, Will
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: John Donne’s life in print began with his death in 1631, when the first printed canon emerged from the body of manuscripts left by the late Dean of St. Paul’s. Though the process of canon formation overlapped with the politically volatile years of the English Civil War, Interregnum, and Restoration, scholarship on Donne has tended to focus on the author’s own biography and the events that exerted an influence at the time he was writing, ignoring the influence wrought by the circumstances in which the canon that codified “John Donne” took shape. This paper extends literary scholars’ existing historicism to the three decades after Donne’s death. Scrutinizing print editions published between 1631 and 1661, this study tracks editors’ chief motivations to preserve the canon, memorialize Donne, and invoke his works in topical arguments. I argue that the events of the Civil War period left a discernible impression on the version of “John Donne” crafted and handed down from the mid-seventeenth century. Though Donne’s works predate the Civil War period, what “Donne” had to say crystallized through texts that reflect the circumstances of publication. By shedding light on the contextuality of Donne’s first canon, this study opens a new angle for approaching Donne, one that accounts for the figures and events in the thirty years after Donne’s death and their role in shaping the “John Donne” read in the present.
Transparent tiles of silica aerogels for high-energy physics
Creators: name: Tabata, Makoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Silica aerogels are important to be used as photon radiators in Cherenkov counters for high-energy-physics experiments because of their optical transparency and intermediate refractive indices between those of gases and liquids or solids. Cherenkov counters that employ silica aerogels as radiators and photodetectors are often used to identify subatomic charged particles (e.g., electrons, protons, and pions) with momenta on the order of sub-GeV/$c$ to GeV/$c$; they are also used to measure particle velocities in accelerator-based particle- and nuclear-physics experiments and in space- and balloon-borne experiments in the field of cosmic-ray physics. Recent studies have demonstrated that it is important for the design of Cherenkov counters that the transparent silica-aerogel tiles comprise solid material with recently improved transparency and a refractive index that can be controlled between 1.003 and 1.26 by varying the bulk density in the range of 0.01$-$1.0 g/cm$^3$. Additionally, a technique for fabricating large-area silica-aerogel tiles without cracking has been developed. In this chapter, we describe advances in the technologies for producing silica aerogels with high optical performances to be used in scientific instruments. We further discuss the principles underlying the operation of detectors based on the Cherenkov effect. We also review applications of silica aerogels in specific high-energy-physics experiments.
description: Contributed chapter submitted to Springer Handbook of Aerogels (2nd ed.)
Reducing No-Shows: Evaluating Financial Incentives in Maternal Infant Home Visiting Programs
Creators: name: Weiland, Rebecca
name: Lovett, Kelly
name: Foster, A
name: Buck, Stuart
name: Scianimanico, John
name: Erickson, Anna
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: The goal of this study is to determine if a modest cash incentive reduces the percentage of women who no-show for their first home visit as part of the Maternal Infant Health Program (MIHP), Michigan's state-funded home visiting program for Medicaid-enrolled pregnant women and new mothers.
Spatial and Temporal Stability of Airglow Measured in the Meinel Band Window at 1191.3 nm
Creators: name: Nguyen, Hien T.
name: Zemcov, Michael
name: Battle, John
name: Bock, James J.
name: Hristov, Viktor
name: Korngut, Philip
name: Meek, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the temporal and spatial fluctuations in the atmospheric brightness in the narrow band between Meinel emission lines at 1191.3 nm using an R=320 near-infrared instrument. We present the instrument design and implementation, followed by a detailed analysis of data taken over the course of a night from Table Mountain Observatory. The absolute sky brightness at this wavelength is found to be 5330 +/- 30 nW m^-2 sr^-1, consistent with previous measurements of the inter-band airglow at these wavelengths. This amplitude is larger than simple models of the continuum component of the airglow emission at these wavelengths, confirming that an extra emissive or scattering component is required to explain the observations. We perform a detailed investigation of the noise properties of the data and find no evidence for a noise component associated with temporal instability in the inter-line continuum. This result demonstrates that in several hours of ~100s integrations the noise performance of the instrument does not appear to significantly degrade from expectations, giving a proof of concept that near-IR line intensity mapping may be feasible from ground-based sites.
description: 15 figures, submitted to PASP
VOLUNTEER TOURISM: WORKING ON HOLIDAY OR PLAYING AT WORK?
Creators: name: Tomazos, Konstantinos
name: Butler, Richard
Publisher: name: tourismos
Year: 2009

description: The paper reviews the rapid growth of volunteer tourism, and discusses the changes that have taken place in the ethos and focus of this distinct market, the locations used as destinations and the organisations they represent. It is apparent that over the last two decades the organisations offering volunteer tourist vacations have increasingly focused their attention on conventional commercial tourism markets and their methods and practices perhaps reflect profit driven strategies. The paper concludes that the balance has clearly shifted away from the virtues of early volunteering towards hedonism and profit and that raises question about the long term value and credentials of volunteer tourism. Whether that pattern continues, remains to be seen.
description: tourismos, Vol. 4 No. 4 (2009)
The role of catch shares in Pacific halibut bycatch reduction in the U.S. West Coast bottom trawl fishery
Creators: name: Hamilton, Caroline A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis) are a valuable target species in the U.S. and Canada,
but are also caught as bycatch in other groundfish fisheries. In 2011, a catch shares (CS)
management program was implemented in the U.S. west coast limited entry (LE) bottom trawl
fishery, shifting responsibility for catch limits, including P. halibut bycatch, from the fleet to
individual vessels. After CS implementation, P. halibut bycatch decreased significantly from an
annual mean of 312.5 metric tons (mt) (2007-2010) to 65.6 mt (2011-2014). I hypothesized that
this reduction in P. halibut bycatch resulted from changes in fishing behavior initiated by the
shift to CS. I evaluated changes in variables associated with P. halibut bycatch, including fishing
latitude, depth, duration, and catch of correlated species, before and after CS implementation.
Comparisons of associated variables under LE versus CS management showed that significant
changes to all variables occurred after CS implementation. To predict and compare relative P.
halibut bycatch among LE versus CS hauls, I modeled how associated variables predicted P.
halibut encounters, bycatch weight, and mortality for LE data, and re-ran these models for CS
data. My results indicate that the relationship between predictor variables and P. halibut bycatch
changed under CS from what was observed in the LE fleet. These changed relationships suggest
that fishers altered their behavior following the management shift, likely contributing to the
reduction in P. halibut bycatch under CS management. This work will help the Pacific Fishery
Management Council and International Pacific Halibut Commission understand how CS has
changed fishing behavior and P. halibut bycatch in bottom trawl fisheries.
Classical neutral point particle in linearly polarized EM plane wave field
Creators: name: Formanek, Martin
name: Steinmetz, Andrew
name: Rafelski, Johann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a covariant classical model of neutral point particles with magnetic moment interacting with external electromagnetic fields. Classical dynamical equations which reproduce a correct behavior in the non-relativistic limit are introduced. We also discuss the non-uniqueness of the covariant torque equation. The focus of this work is on Dirac neutrino beam control. We present a full analytical solution of the dynamical equations for a neutral point particle motion in the presence of an external linearly polarized EM plane wave (laser) fields. Neutrino beam control using extremely intense laser fields could possibly demonstrate Dirac nature of the neutrino. However, for linearly polarized ideal laser waves we show cancellation of all leading beam control effects.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
Uncovering the role of spatial constraints in the differences and similarities between physical and virtual mobility
Creators: name: Hazarie, Surendra
name: Barbosa, Hugo
name: Frank, Adam
name: Menezes, Ronaldo
name: Ghoshal, Gourab
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent availability of digital traces from Information and Communications Technologies (ICT) has facilitated the study of both individual- and population-level movement with unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution, enabling us to better understand a plethora of socioeconomic processes such as urbanization, transportation, impact on the environment and epidemic spreading to name a few. Using empirical spatiotemporal trends, several mobility models have been proposed to explain the observed regularities in human movement. With the advent of the World Wide Web, a new type of virtual mobility has emerged that has begun to supplant many traditional facets of human activity. Here we conduct a systematic analysis of physical and virtual movement, uncovering both similarities and differences in their statistical patterns. The differences manifest themselves primarily in the temporal regime, as a signature of the spatial and economic constraints inherent in physical movement, features that are predominantly absent in the virtual space. We demonstrate that once one moves to the time-independent space of events, i.e the sequences of visited locations, these differences vanish, and the statistical patterns of physical and virtual mobility are identical. The observed similarity in navigating these markedly different domains point towards a common mechanism governing the movement patterns, a feature we describe through a Metropolis-Hastings type optimization model, where individuals navigate locations through decision-making processes resembling a cost-benefit analysis of the utility of locations. In contrast to existing phenomenological models of mobility, we show that our model can reproduce the commonalities in the empirically observed statistics with minimal input.
description: 26 pages, 6 figures
Toolbox for continuous variable entanglement production and measurement using spontaneous parametric down conversion
Creators: name: Boucher, Guillaume
name: Douce, Tom
name: Bresteau, David
name: Walborn, Stephen Patrick
name: Keller, Arne
name: Coudreau, Thomas
name: Ducci, Sara
name: Milman, Perola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a toolbox for continuous variables quantum state engineering and characterization of biphoton states produced by spontaneous parametric down conversion in a transverse pump configuration. We show that the control of the pump beam's incidence spot and angle corresponds to phase space displacements of conjugate collective continuous variables of the biphoton. In particular, we illustrate with numerical simulations on a semiconductor device how this technique can be used to engineer and characterize arbitrary states of the frequency and time degrees of freedom.
On computability and disintegration
Creators: name: Ackerman, Nathanael L.
name: Freer, Cameron E.
name: Roy, Daniel M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Primary: 03F60, 28A50, Secondary: 68Q17, 60A05, 62A01, 65C50, 68Q87

description: We show that the disintegration operator on a complete separable metric space along a projection map, restricted to measures for which there is a unique continuous disintegration, is strongly Weihrauch equivalent to the limit operator Lim. When a measure does not have a unique continuous disintegration, we may still obtain a disintegration when some basis of continuity sets has the Vitali covering property with respect to the measure; the disintegration, however, may depend on the choice of sets. We show that, when the basis is computable, the resulting disintegration is strongly Weihrauch reducible to Lim, and further exhibit a single distribution realizing this upper bound.
description: 28 pages. Substantially updated following referee suggestions
An integrative review and an educational tool development on multimodal pain management and recovery after total knee and hip arthroplasty
Creators: name: Zhao, Julia
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Pain management after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA) is pivotal, as it determines the prognosis of the recovery process after surgery. Ineffective pain control results in many postoperative complications such as venous thrombosis, coronary ischemia, myocardial infarction, and pneumonia. It can also hinder mobilization and rehabilitation, disrupt sleep, cause cognitive dysfunction, and increase patient anxiety. Consequently, inefficient pain control may lead to slower recovery period, increase cost in healthcare, and cause decline in overall patient satisfaction. In this manner, successful pain control becomes a pertinent issue in the field of healthcare. In recent years, the transition from opioids to a multimodal pain management approach after TKA and THA has increasingly become the standard. This is due to the multitude of adverse effects associated with opioids such as nausea, vomiting, sedation, constipation, ileus, respiratory depression, and pruritus. As a result, the use of medications such as acetaminophen, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors, gabapentinoids, and ketamine, and techniques such as peripheral nerve block (PNB) and local infiltration analgesia (LIA) have become more favorable. This project aims to investigate literature support on these non-opioid analgesics and develop a form of educational tool on multimodal pain management. A literature review was conducted and a pamphlet was developed to provide evidence-based information during the postoperative period in order to enhance the pain recovery process among TKA and THA patients.
Towards Automated Infographic Design: Deep Learning-based Auto-Extraction of Extensible Timeline
Creators: name: Zhu-Tian, Chen
name: Wang, Yun
name: Wang, Qianwen
name: Wang, Yong
name: Qu, Huamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Designers need to consider not only perceptual effectiveness but also visual styles when creating an infographic. This process can be difficult and time consuming for professional designers, not to mention non-expert users, leading to the demand for automated infographics design. As a first step, we focus on timeline infographics, which have been widely used for centuries. We contribute an end-to-end approach that automatically extracts an extensible timeline template from a bitmap image. Our approach adopts a deconstruction and reconstruction paradigm. At the deconstruction stage, we propose a multi-task deep neural network that simultaneously parses two kinds of information from a bitmap timeline: 1) the global information, i.e., the representation, scale, layout, and orientation of the timeline, and 2) the local information, i.e., the location, category, and pixels of each visual element on the timeline. At the reconstruction stage, we propose a pipeline with three techniques, i.e., Non-Maximum Merging, Redundancy Recover, and DL GrabCut, to extract an extensible template from the infographic, by utilizing the deconstruction results. To evaluate the effectiveness of our approach, we synthesize a timeline dataset (4296 images) and collect a real-world timeline dataset (393 images) from the Internet. We first report quantitative evaluation results of our approach over the two datasets. Then, we present examples of automatically extracted templates and timelines automatically generated based on these templates to qualitatively demonstrate the performance. The results confirm that our approach can effectively extract extensible templates from real-world timeline infographics.
description: 10 pages, Automated Infographic Design, Deep Learning-based Approach, Timeline Infographics, Multi-task Model
Acquiescence and Dissent: Slave Religion and Conjure in the Antebellum South
Creators: name: Pace, Derek
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The supernatural landscape that Livermore, a Massachusetts journalist, encountered in
the Southern United States in the 19th century, in which a black man commanded authority as
both a Christian preacher and one who was able to communicate with “evil spirits,” was by no
means abnormal. Rather, this anecdote represents an important aspect of black American
spirituality that transcended both space and time to unite enslaved Africans across the South.
This thesis revolves around the ways in which black Americans in the antebellum period
interacted with religion and the supernatural in an attempt to empower themselves amidst the
horrors of the slave society. It is intended to serve as a contribution to the study of the slave
experience in the South as well as an example of the adaptable nature of religion and the tenacity
of the human spirit.
Understanding and Enhancing Implicit and Explicit Measures of Idea Selection Performance
Creators: name: van den Bergh, Robin
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: Although creativity is highly valued in society, people have the tendency to choose (i.e. explicit measures) a mainstream idea instead of a creative one. However, exploratory findings of Van den Boom (2018) suggested a positive relationship between the creativity level of an idea on the one hand and the viewing time and viewing frequency (i.e. implicit measures) of an idea on the other hand. We aim to replicate this study to further investigate these preliminary results to answer the questions whether the creativity level of an idea can predict implicit measures (RQ1), and whether the creativity level of an idea better predicts implicit measures or explicit measures (RQ2). Furthermore, we try to gain a better understanding of these measures by additionally investigating the role of embodied metaphors: can embodied metaphors (being inside versus outside the box) enhance implicit measures (RQ3) and explicit measures (RQ4) of selection performance?
WINE TOURISM. PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT OF A WINE ROUTE NETWORK IN THE REGION OF THESSALY IN GREECE
Creators: name: Velissariou, Efstathios
name: Galagala, Anastasia
name: Karathanos, Athanassios
Publisher: name: tourismos
Year: 2009

description: Wine tourism is globally regarded as a traditional, yet at the same time dynamic form of alternative tourism. In this paper, the development of a Network of Wine Routes in the region of Thessaly, Greece is presented. Thessaly is a region where wine tourism could potentially increase the flow of tourists as well as improve their quality. More specifically, four routes are proposed and the conditions needed for the successful functioning of the network are presented. These include the establishment of visitable wineries, collaboration with tourism enterprises and synergy among all parties involved. The plan was based on international and Greek experience in wine tourism as well as on the results of primary research, studying the members of the “Wine Roads of Northern Greece” network, which are briefly summarised.
description: tourismos, Vol. 4 No. 4 (2009)
Localized Energy Estimates for Wave Equations on Higher Dimensional Black Holes
Creators: name: Tikare, Shreyas
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: A robust measure of decay and dispersion for the wave equation is provided by the localized energy estimates, which have been essential in proving, e.g. the Strichartz estimates on black hole backgrounds. We study localized energy estimates for the wave equation on (1+4)-dimensional Myers-Perry space-times, which represent a family of rotating asymptotically at black holes with spherical horizon topology and generalize the well-known Kerr space-times to higher dimensions. Because of the extra dimension, the Myers-Perry family is parameterized by two angular momentum parameters, which we assume to be sufficiently small relative to the mass of the black hole, essentially allowing us to treat the space-time as a perturbation of the Schwarzschild black hole. This investigation is motivated by the nonlinear stability problem for the Kerr family of black holes, which may be easier to understand in higher dimensions. Typically, the localized energy estimates are proved by commuting the wave operator with a suitable first-order differential operator and integrating by parts. However, the underlying black hole geometry introduces a number of difficulties related to the trapping phenomenon, which is a known obstruction to dispersion and necessitates a loss in decay. This phenomenon is manifest along the event horizon of the Schwarzschild/Kerr black holes, but its effect is rendered negligible due to the celebrated red-shift effect. More delicate analysis is required to deal with trapping that occurs along e.g., the so-called photon sphere in the Schwarzschild geometry. Localized energy estimates on higher dimensional Schwarzschild black holes were proved by Laul-Metcalfe in [34] using a single differential multiplier, but their method relies fundamentally on the fact that the trapped null geodesics lie on a sphere. On the Myers-Perry space-time, the nature of the trapped set is much more complicated and must be described in phase space rather than by position alone, and consequently a single differential multiplier is insufficient to prove the desired result. Once it is determined that all trapped geodesics lie on surfaces of constant r, we can adapt the method of Tataru and Tohaneanu in [62], which perturbs off the Schwarzschild case by instead commuting with an appropriate pseudodifferential operator to generate a positive commutator near the trapped set. This describes joint work with Parul Laul, Jason Metcalfe, and Mihai Tohaneanu [35].
Stricosus navarroensis Theriot and Ashworth 2018, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Sabir, J. S. M.
name: Theriot, E. C.
name: Lobban, C. S.
name: Alhebshi, A. M.
name: Al-Malki, A. L.
name: Hajrah, N. H.
name: Khiyami, M. A.
name: Obaid, A. Y.
name: Jansen, R. K.
name: Ashworth, M. A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Ochrophyta
Bacillariophyceae
Licmophorales
Ulnariaceae
Stricosus
Stricosus navarroensis

description: Stricosus navarroensis Theriot and Ashworth sp. nov. (Figs 90–94)
 Holotype:— ANSP G.C. 30926
 Isotype:— ECT 4119.
 Type locality: —subtidal sediments and benthic scrapings collected near the Caribe Hilton at Condado Lagoon, San Juan, Puerto Rico (18° 27.6’ N, 66 °5.1’ W).
 Material studied: —Wild and cultured (PR1 “synedroid P1”) material collected from the type locality: ECT 4119, subtidal sediments and benthic scrapings collected near the Caribe Hilton at Condado Lagoon, San Juan, Puerto Rico (18° 27.6’ N, 66 °5.1’ W).
 Description: —Specimens observed ranged in size from 46.9–151.4 μm long and 3.5–5.1 μm wide, with densely packed virgae (49–50 in 10 μm). Each specimen had a narrow, lanceolate sternum (Figs 90–93). Valves were convex in the middle, transitioning to weakly convex or linear along the flanks, with the margins of most apices convergent (Figs 91–94) or tapering together, and were only rarely subcapitate (Fig. 90). Ocellulimbi were deeply sunken, 3–4 pores tall and 6–12 pores wide, and were overhung by 5–6 spines. There was a rimoportula at each pole, with symmetrical coverings that were slightly oblique to the transapical axis, and being about 2.0–2.2 μm from the end of the valve. The external opening of the rimoportula was a slit-like pore. The striae were biseriate. The walls were bilayered with a single pore internally per chamber. The girdle bands were smooth and open.
 Remarks:— The type slide was also the source for our observations on H. sublaevigata, which was similar in morphology, but whose sternum was generally prominently lanceolate and whose pore field was about twice as wide as measured by the number of pores.
 Etymology:— Named to honor Dr. Nelson Navarro and his many contributions to our understanding of diatom diversity in nearshore marine habitats, especially on coral reefs.
description: Published as part of Sabir, J. S. M., Theriot, E. C., Lobban, C. S., Alhebshi, A. M., Al-Malki, A. L., Hajrah, N. H., Khiyami, M. A., Obaid, A. Y., Jansen, R. K. & Ashworth, M. A., 2018, Systematics of araphid diatoms with asymmetric rimoportulae or densely packed virgae, with particular attention to Hyalosynedra (Ulnariaceae, Bacillariophyta), pp. 1-49 in Phytotaxa 347 (1) on pages 32-34, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.347.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13707999
The effect of Pseudomonas-released quinolones on the mTOR pathway and phagocytic bacterial killing
Creators: name: Lanahan, Stephen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Cystic fibrosis (CF) patients are immunocompromised and often suffer from polymicrobial infections involving Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an opportunistic bacterial pathogen. P. aeruginosa pathogenicity is influenced by the secretion of bacterial compounds such as quinolones. P. aeruginosa secretes at least 50 different quinolone-based molecules. Although two of these, PQS and HHQ, are signals for a bacterial quorum sensing system, there are no known roles for the majority of the quinolones. A third quinolone molecule, HQNO, is secreted at high levels in culture. Preliminary data using macrophages suggest that HQNO inhibits respiratory burst, the process by which eukaryotic cells kill phagocytosed bacteria with reactive oxygen. Respiratory burst is known to be regulated by the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway (mTOR). We hypothesize that HQNO inhibits mTOR and thus the ability of macrophages to kill bacteria such as P. aeruginosa and the secondary pathogen Burkholderia multivorans. We used western blotting to demonstrate that in HQNO-treated mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs), phosphorylation of the mTOR inhibitor AMPK was increased, and phosphorylation of the downstream mTOR effector, S6 ribosomal protein was reduced, in a time and dose dependent manner. Next, we tested whether  bacterial killing by RAW 264.7 macrophages depended on HQNO. We found that HQNO treatment decreased killing of P. aeruginosa and B. multivorans by RAW macrophage cells. HQNO more strongly suppresses the ability of macrophages to kill B. multivorans than P. aeruginosa. Thus, the production of P. aeruginosa quinolones may protect secondary pathogens, such as B. multivorans, during polymicrobial infection in CF patients.