cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
FLatS: Principled Out-of-Distribution Detection with Feature-Based Likelihood Ratio Score
Creators: name: Lin, Haowei
name: Gu, Yuntian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) instances is crucial for NLP models in practical applications. Although numerous OOD detection methods exist, most of them are empirical. Backed by theoretical analysis, this paper advocates for the measurement of the "OOD-ness" of a test case $\boldsymbol{x}$ through the likelihood ratio between out-distribution $\mathcal P_{\textit{out}}$ and in-distribution $\mathcal P_{\textit{in}}$. We argue that the state-of-the-art (SOTA) feature-based OOD detection methods, such as Maha and KNN, are suboptimal since they only estimate in-distribution density $p_{\textit{in}}(\boldsymbol{x})$. To address this issue, we propose FLatS, a principled solution for OOD detection based on likelihood ratio. Moreover, we demonstrate that FLatS can serve as a general framework capable of enhancing other OOD detection methods by incorporating out-distribution density $p_{\textit{out}}(\boldsymbol{x})$ estimation. Experiments show that FLatS establishes a new SOTA on popular benchmarks. Our code is publicly available at https://github.com/linhaowei1/FLatS.
Improved thermometry of low-temperature quantum systems by a ring-structure probe
Creators: name: Guo, Li-Sha
name: Xu, Bao-Ming
name: Zou, Jian
name: Shao, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thermometry precision of a sample is a question of both fundamental and technological importance. In this paper, we consider a ring-structure system as our probe to estimate the temperature of a bath. Based on the Markovian master equation of the probe, we calculate the quantum Fisher information (QFI) of the probe at any time. We find that for the thermal equilibrium thermometry, the ferromagnetic structure can measure a lower temperature of the bath with a higher precision compared with the non-structure probe. While for the dynamical thermometry, the antiferromagnetic structure can make the QFI of the probe in the dynamical process much larger than that in equilibrium with the bath, which is somewhat counterintuitive. Moreover, the best accuracy for the thermometry achieved in the antiferromagnetic structure case can be much higher than that in the non-structure case. The physical mechanisms of above phenomena are given in this paper.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
Clinical Applications of Retinal Oximetry and Fluorescein Angiography to Diabetic Retinopathy
Creators: name: Martz, Teresa
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a disease caused by damage to retinal blood vessels
as a result of chronic hyperglycemia, and thus has been linked to blood supply
deprivation in certain retinal areas. My study aimed to determine whether
quantitative analysis of retinal imaging methods could effectively evaluate DR
patients. Retinal oximetry (RO), a new modality to determine relative retinal
vessel oxyhemoglobin saturation, and intravenous fluorescein angiography (IVFA),
which demonstrates patterns of retinal blood flow, were quantitatively analyzed
for 27 healthy and 60 diabetic patients with a range of DR severity as
determined qualitatively by clinicians. RO results showed a relationship between
increased DR severity and higher oxygenation levels in retinal vessels, and IVFA
results showed a similar correlation with increased DR severity and increased
tissue ischemia. These results suggest decreased oxygen delivery to retinal
tissue as DR severity increases. In the future, quantitative IVFA and RO may be
used for risk stratification in DR diagnosis in asymptomatic patients at risk
for vision loss from DR.
The neurophysiological properties of the heartbeat evoked potential in health and disease: A systematic review protocol
Creators: name: Wilkinson, Erica
name: Kohler, Mark
name: Berryman, Carolyn
name: Jones, Hannah
name: Moseley, G.
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: A systematic review protocol of the neurophysiological properties underlying HEPs in both diagnostic conditions and healthy controls.
Bounds for low-energy spectral properties of center-of-mass conserving positive two-body interactions
Creators: name: Weerasinghe, Amila
name: Mazaheri, Tahereh
name: Seidel, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the low-energy spectral properties of positive center-of-mass conserving two-body Hamiltonians as they arise in models of fractional quantum Hall states. Starting from the observation that positive many-body Hamiltonians must have ground-state energies that increase monotonously in particle number, we explore what general additional constraints can be obtained for two-body interactions with "center-of-mass conservation" symmetry, both in the presence and absence of particle-hole symmetry. We find general bounds that constrain the evolution of the ground-state energy with particle number, and in particular, constrain the chemical potential at $T=0$. Special attention is given to Hamiltonians with zero modes, in which case similar bounds on the first excited state are also obtained, using a duality property. In this case, in particular, an upper bound on the charge gap is also obtained. We further comment on center of mass and relative decomposition in disk geometry within the framework of second quantization.
description: 8 pages, published version
Rationality in joint action: Maximizing co-efficiency in coordination
Creators: name: Török, Georgina
name: Pomiechowska, Barbara
name: Csibra, Gergely
name: Sebanz, Natalie
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: This project tested the hypothesis that in social contexts, people pursuing a goal they share with another person will make decisions that minimize the shared costs of an action sequence. We hypothesized that people would make such decisions rather than ones that minimize the individual costs of (a) themselves or (b) their partner. We used a touchscreen-based joint motor task to test our hypothesis. The task presented participants with two alternative paths for reaching a goal state, one of which was efficient (in case of joint tasks: co-efficient), and the other was sub-efficient. We measured and analyzed path choices of participants who initiated action sequences. We share the data of four experiments. Experiment 1 investigated individual decision-making in action planning, as a control for individual efficiency. Experiments 2-4 tested the co-efficiency maximization hypothesis.
Eating the Vine that Ate the South: Culinary Kudzu and an American Region
Creators: name: Hayes, Taylor Elizabeth
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: This thesis addresses southern iterations of kudzu as it is eaten and described. I address how kudzu cookbooks embrace the vine’s cultural meaning in survivalist communities. I also examine ways kudzu signifies a “southern thing” in its consumption.
title: Academia Real de Marinha e Comércio do Porto
Creators: name: de Almeida Barata, João
Publisher: name: CHAM, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa
Year: 2022

description: Entrada histórica sobre a instituição Academia Real de Marinha e Comércio do Porto, Porto, Portugal, na plataforma eViterbo
description: Almeida Barata, João de .2022. Academia Real de Marinha e Comércio do Porto in eViterbo. CHAM, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa. eISBN: 978-989-8492-77-7
Revealing the binary origin of Type Ic superluminous supernovae through nebular hydrogen emission
Creators: name: Moriya, Takashi J.
name: Liu, Zheng-Wei
name: Mackey, Jonathan
name: Chen, Ting-Wan
name: Langer, Norbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose that nebular H-alpha emission as detected in the Type Ic superluminous supernova iPTF13ehe stems from matter which is stripped from a companion star when the supernova ejecta collide with it. The temporal evolution, the line broadening, and the overall blueshift of the emission are consistent with this interpretation. We scale the nebular H-alpha luminosity predicted for Type Ia supernovae in single-degenerate systems to derive the stripped mass required to explain the H-alpha luminosity of iPTF13ehe. We find a stripped mass of 0.1 - 0.9 solar masses, assuming that the supernova luminosity is powered by radioactivity or magnetar spin down. Because a central heating source is required to excite the H-alpha emission, an interaction-powered model is not favored for iPTF13ehe if the H-alpha emission is from stripped matter. We derive a companion mass of more than 20 solar masses and a binary separation of less than about 20 companion radii based on the stripping efficiency during the collision, indicating that the supernova progenitor and the companion formed a massive close binary system. If Type Ic superluminous supernovae generally occur in massive close binary systems, the early brightening observed previously in several Type Ic superluminous supernovae may also be due to the collision with a close companion. Observations of nebular hydrogen emission in future Type Ic superluminous supernovae will enable us to test this interpretation.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, 1 table, accepted by Astronomy & Astrophysics Letters
Current implication of the right to self-determination : an analysis on Eastern Ukranian territorial secessionist claims
Creators: name: Fontenla Pita-Baamonde, Alberto
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2015
Subjects: secession
Ukraine
self-determination

description: Second semester University: University of Helsinki.
description: The annexation of Crimea by Russia and the secessionist tendencies in the east of the Ukraine, among other places, highlight the need to clarify once and for all the implications of the right to self-determination. Even though treaties and leading international instruments implement numerous regulatory regulations on the right and where, no doubt, there is an almost uniform practice of the states in terms of its application in colonial territories, this is not the case when referring to situations in a different context, this being one of the most unsettled regulations in international law. The automatic identification between self-determination and secession should be left aside since this can adopt other practices, in accordance with the provisions set out in the UNGA Resolution 2625 (XXV), reserving the secessionist option for highly exceptional cases where human rights are violated. Any conception of selfdetermination that fails to take into consideration the numerous models of association and human interdependence is, in the best of cases, incomplete and distorted1. This observation does not retract from the value of the different cultures or local authorities, but rather, it lends support to the fact of increasing the common links, and the interdependencies between nations, economies and the spheres of power2. 1 Anaya1996 pp. 75-96. 2 Idem.
Morgan Beatus: The Three-Dimensional Cosmos of the Adoration of the Lamb
Creators: name: VanNest, Lauren
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: “As part of its adornment I have painted a series of pictures for the wonderful words of its stories so that the wise may fear the coming of the future judgment of the world’s end.” These words are found in the colophon of the Morgan Beatus (New York, Pierpont Morgan Library, Ms. 644), written by the scribe and illuminator Maius in the tenth century. The Morgan Beatus was created in San Miguel de Escalada in Tábara, Spain, sometime between 940 and 945. This is a copy of an eighth-century illuminated manuscript by Beatus of Liébana, both the text and imagery inspired by previous writers. Beatus of Liébana was a Spanish monk who lived in northern, Christian Spain between 750 and 798 and wrote one of the most influential commentaries on the Book of Revelation of his day. Beatus’s Commentary on the Apocalypse was emulated for several centuries and the illustrations in the surviving manuscripts have come to typify the art of Christian Spain during the medieval period. This chapter will focus on the historical background of the Morgan Beatus in order to illuminate how the Adoration of the Lamb, folio 87 of the Morgan Beatus (Figure 1), existed in and reflected its contemporary context.
The protection of the right to strike within the European Union: evaluating the degree of the labour law harmonisation and the state of the European social model
Creators: name: Bideaux, Mathilde
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2011
Subjects: labour law
European Union
right to strike

description: Second semester University: Université Libre de Bruxelles
description: One of the main intention of the European Union is to create a proper social model based on good economic performance, high levels of social protection, education and social dialogue. Due to the complexity to commonly define the social area, the Union shall share or be excluded in social affairs. The right to strike, broadly understood as a concerted work stoppage of the employees to support professional claims, has remained one of the most complex rights to define from a comparative law perspective. Its inherent psychological and social conceptions have made it very difficult to agree on a single conception. Such a right has represented the logic of the European Union towards the social area as it has been elevated as a fundamental right but the competence of the European Union has been excluded. The current jurisprudences before the Court of Justice of the European Union has confirmed this legal view. However, the right to strike may constitute a fundamental right but shall not impede the exercise of economic freedoms. Social rights have, consequently, appeared to be restrictions that the users should justify. Trade unions have demanded that the European Union serve not only technical needs and economic interests. Faced with these tensions through the right to strike and its effective application in the European zone, we can wonder : How does the right to strike represent the state of the harmonisation of labour law within the European Union and, broadly, the degree of progress of the European social model?
Terrestrial Gravity Fluctuations
Creators: name: Harms, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The article reviews the current state of the field, and also presents new analyses especially with respect to the impact of seismic scattering on gravity perturbations, active gravity noise cancellation, and time-domain models of gravity perturbations from atmospheric and seismic point sources. Our understanding of terrestrial gravity fluctuations will have great impact on the future development of GW detectors and high-precision gravimetry in general, and many open questions need to be answered still as emphasized in this article.
description: 151 pages, 52 figures; submitted to Living Reviews in Relativity
To what extent is a gender bias in international law responsible for the failure to adequately address victims of sexual violence in conflict?
Creators: name: Debecker, Liesbet
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2019
Subjects: international criminal law
sexual violence
sex crimes
conflict
international criminal tribunals
Yugoslavia
Rwanda
International Criminal Court

description: Second semester University: Utrecht University
description: This thesis looks into the international legal framework criminalizing conflict-related sexual violence. It establishes that a gender bias causes sexual violence towards men and women to be overlooked. It argues that this gender bias was historically always present in international criminal law, leading to a legal framework that was grossly inadequate to properly address sexual violence. In the last decades, attention for sexual violence was on the rise and the historically faulty framework improved through the case law of the ICTY and ICTR. Based on this case law, the Rome Statute included the longest list of conflict-related sexual violence crimes ever in international law. On the surface, this framework is gender-neutral and makes no distinction between male and female victims. This thesis argues, however, that the gender bias did not leave international law entirely. On the contrary, it is still very much present in the application of the framework. This means that, even though on paper, the framework improved tremendously, international law still fails to address victims of sexual violence properly. This gender bias is demonstrated through specific examples of ICC case law that failed to take the gender dimension into account.
The Brauer Group of a Field
Creators: name: Aycock, Jonathan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: In this paper we discuss the Brauer group of a field and its connections with cohomology groups. Definitions involving central simple algebras lead to a discussion of splitting fields, which are the important step in the connection of the Brauer group with cohomology groups. Finally, once the connection between the Brauer group and cohomology groups is established, specific examples of cocycles associated to central simple algebras are calculated.
Graphene nanoribbons with wings
Creators: name: Bischoff, D.
name: Eich, M.
name: Libisch, F.
name: Ihn, T.
name: Ensslin, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated electronic transport in graphene nanoribbon devices with additional bar-shaped extensions ("wings") at each side of the device. We find that the Coulomb-blockade dominated transport found in conventional ribbons is strongly modified by the presence of the extensions. States localized far away from the central ribbon contribute significantly to transport. We discuss these findings within the picture of multiple coupled quantum dots. Finally, we compare the experimental results with tight-binding simulations which reproduce the experiment both qualitatively and quantitatively.
Validation and development of a cognitive behavioral task for a mouse model of Angelman syndrome
Creators: name: Zsembik, Leo
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Angelman syndrome (AS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that results from a loss of the paternally imprinted copy of the Ube3a gene. AS has a myriad of symptoms, including intellectual disabilities, lack of language comprehension or production, and an inability to coordinate movements. Hallmark disparities in higher order cognitive processes displayed by patients with AS are theorized to be encoded by the prefrontal cortex. To probe disease driven abnormalities in rodents, we used a task called the 5-choice serial reaction time task (5-CSRTT). The 5-CSRTT tests several higher order cognitive functions including attention, impulsivity, compulsivity, motivation, and other phenotypes important in the study of genetic and neuropsychiatric disorders. Previous work in the lab, however, has uncovered a possible flaw in the task as animals in both wild type and AS groups had problems properly learning the task. This was shown by both groups having an abnormally high number of started, but uncompleted trials (called omissions). The high number of omissions can represent a flaw in the experiment, characteristics of underlying pathology, or interactive effects of the two. Thus, we sought to optimize the parameters of the training to reduce the number of omissions. To investigate the effect that eating time has on the high number of omissions, the time it took a cohort of AS mice and a cohort of wild type mice to eat reward pellets during standardized training sessions was recorded. It was found that it takes significantly longer for AS mice to consume their reward pellet than wild type mice, but the eating time is not a significant contributor to the inflated omissions. By analyzing 5-CSRTT data from both AS and wild type mice, it was additionally discovered that AS mice have significantly higher proportion of omitted trials than wild type mice, but that there was no difference in accuracy between the two groups. Therefore, it is unlikely that the difference in the rate of omissions between the groups is due to underlying attentional deficits of the AS model mice. Furthermore, because it was also found that AS mice have significantly longer reward latencies and take longer to eat their reward pellets, there is evidence that the AS mice have deficits in motivational processes and in motor skills, which likely contributes to the omissions. Understanding the underlying process that affects these omissions is imperative for both validation of the behavioral task and to understand neurobiological differences in AS mice.
Medienkritikfähigkeit von Jugendlichen aus sozial benachteiligten Milieus
Creators: name: Zeng, Anne-Christin
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medienkompetenz
subject: Medienkritikfähigkeit
subject: digitale Spaltung
subject: soziale Benachteiligung
subject: Jugendliche
subject: Mediennutzung
subject: empirisch-quanitative Exploration
subject: Medienhandeln
subject: mediatisierte Jugend
subject: Medienausstattung
subject: Determinanten der Medienkritikfähigkeit
subject: media literacy
subject: media criticsm
subject: digital divide
subject: media usage
subject: 370 Bildung und Erziehung

description: Ausgehend von der Aktualität der Medienkompetenzdebatte, dem Desiderat der empirischen Medienkompetenzforschung und der Diskussion um die digitale Spaltung der Gesellschaft legt die vorliegende Arbeit den Fokus auf die Erfassung der Medienkritikfähigkeit (MKF) Jugendlicher aus sozial benachteiligten Milieus. Im Rahmen einer empirisch-quantitativen Exploration wird ein standardisiertes Testinstrument zur Erfassung der MKF in einer 9. Klasse an einer Berliner Brennpunktschule eingesetzt. Das dabei verfolgte Forschungsinteresse besteht einerseits in der Frage nach der generellen Ausprägung der MKF in der Stichprobe und den anzunehmenden Konsequenzen für die individuelle gesellschaftliche Handlungsfähigkeit der Jugendlichen, andererseits in der Frage nach möglichen (sozio-kulturellen) Determinanten der MKF mit Schwerpunkt auf den Merkmalen Geschlecht und Familiensprache sowie verschiedenen Aspekten des Medienhandelns.
description: Based on the current debate about media literacy, the gap of empircal research in media literacy and the discussion about the so-called digital divide, the thesis focusses on conducting an empirical survey of media criticism competence of adolescents living in deprived milieus. Within an empirical-quantitative exploration a standardised testing tool is applied in a 9th grade in a Berliner 'hotspot school'. On one hand, the research is meant to measure the adolescent's general media criticism competence; on the other hand, the research tries to explore possible determinants of the media criticism competence with a focus on features like gender and family language as well as different aspects of media usage.
Finding the best families for children : moving towards inclusive adoption : the legislation and practice to eliminate discrimination on the basis of marital status and sexual orientation
Creators: name: Pusateri, Costanza
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2015
Subjects: adoption
discrimination
European Court of Human Rights

description: Second semester University: University of Ljubljana.
description: States impose a multitude of limitations on prospective adoptive parents. Some are legitimate, as they fulfil the best interests of the child; but others are arbitrary and result from prejudice. Marriage remains a prerogative for receiving the authorisation to adopt in many countries of the Council of Europe. This differential treatment on the basis of marital status results in discrimination towards single individuals and LGBT+ persons, who are still to a large extent denied the right to marry. International law does not recognise the right to parent and this thesis will not call for it, rather it will demand a consistent and unbiased application of the best interests of the child, which legally speaking should already be the core consideration in the adoption process. In recent years there have been positive developments, and they will be used as case studies to understand how other member states can achieve inclusive adoption. In depth analysis revolves around the Netherlands, as a forerunner in the legal and practical implementation, alongside with Ireland, as a state that has recently adopted an inclusive policy, and Slovenia, as a country that is currently shifting. The consideration of the different actors of change is combined with those resisting inclusive adoption. Key words: inclusive adoption, best interests of the child, discrimination, Council of Europe, marital status, sexual orientation, single parents, LGBT+ parents.
UoM Transformative Agreement Assessment Framework
Creators: name: Carlton, Stephen
name: May, Lucinda
Publisher: name: University of Manchester
Year: 2023
Subjects: Research, science and technology policy

description: This Transformative Agreement Assessment Framework is being shared alongside other materials related to our UKSG breakout session Certain in our uncertainty: Acknowledging, addressing and achieving in an unequal scholarly communications landscape.
Key challenges and undermining factors of the EUs promotion of democracy and human rights in Central Asia
Creators: name: Derdelinck, Sarah
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2012
Subjects: democratisation
Central Asia
foreign relations
European Union
human rights

description: Second semester University: University of Graz.
description: In this work the following research question will be addressed: What are the undermining factors, both internally (within the EU) and locally (within the Central Asian region) of effective promotion of democracy and human rights in Central Asia by the EU? Moreover what has to be done in order to be more successful in this process of democracy and human rights building in the region? First a theoretical framework on human rights and democracy socialization and promotion is presented. After analysis both domestic factors at Central Asian level and obstacles at EU level are identified as hindering effective implementation of the EU’s human rights and democracy promotion in the region. The Central Asian countries have particular characteristics which should be taken into account by the promoter. Secondly the EU has great instruments available for human rights and democracy promotion, however serious problems exists regarding effective implementation in Central Asia. This is mostly related to energy and security interest which triumph human rights and democracy in practice in the EU’s policy towards Central Asia. I argue for a paradigm change towards reconciling interest and normative goals of the EU in Central Asia. Lastly concrete recommendations for improvement are presented.
Freedom from precarity: a human right
Creators: name: Vohra, Shamanth
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: human rights
labour
unemployment
employment
social welfare
social security

description: Second semester University: University College Dublin - National University of Ireland, Dublin
description: It is a commonly held belief among contemporary, mainstream economists that higher labour protections may lead to an increase in unemployment. Unfortunately, as the asymmetry of power between employee and employer shifts in the latter’s favour, capitalism’s exploitative tendencies toward labour become increasingly pronounced. This is especially true for low skill labour as it is highly interchangeable, however, as of late, even more skilled workers have experienced a decline in job security and research suggests that this is a long time trend and that the socio-economic insecurity is set to get more severe in the future. As a growing number of middle and lower income workers are under increasing pressure from unemployment on one side, and overexploitation on the other, their well-being becomes increasingly independent from the efforts they make to preserve it as their livelihoods become subject to seemingly arbitrary reversals of fortune. This thesis will present the argument that such a precarious existence is incompatible with the idea of human dignity and that freedom from precarity must be a human right. This thesis will draw heavily on André Gorz’s and Guy Standing’s work. Furthermore, the thesis will use capabilities approach as normative framework to evaluate the effect of precarity.
Bidirectional Knowledge Reconfiguration for Lightweight Point Cloud Analysis
Creators: name: Li, Peipei
name: Cui, Xing
name: Hu, Yibo
name: Zhang, Man
name: Yao, Ting
name: Mei, Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Point cloud analysis faces computational system overhead, limiting its application on mobile or edge devices. Directly employing small models may result in a significant drop in performance since it is difficult for a small model to adequately capture local structure and global shape information simultaneously, which are essential clues for point cloud analysis. This paper explores feature distillation for lightweight point cloud models. To mitigate the semantic gap between the lightweight student and the cumbersome teacher, we propose bidirectional knowledge reconfiguration (BKR) to distill informative contextual knowledge from the teacher to the student. Specifically, a top-down knowledge reconfiguration and a bottom-up knowledge reconfiguration are developed to inherit diverse local structure information and consistent global shape knowledge from the teacher, respectively. However, due to the farthest point sampling in most point cloud models, the intermediate features between teacher and student are misaligned, deteriorating the feature distillation performance. To eliminate it, we propose a feature mover's distance (FMD) loss based on optimal transportation, which can measure the distance between unordered point cloud features effectively. Extensive experiments conducted on shape classification, part segmentation, and semantic segmentation benchmarks demonstrate the universality and superiority of our method.
description: Accepted by IEEE Transactions on Multimedia (TMM)
Universal quantum correlation close to quantum critical phenomena
Creators: name: Qin, Meng
name: Ren, Zhong-zhou
name: Zhang, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the ground state quantum correlation of Ising model in a transverse field (ITF) by implementing the quantum renormalization group (QRG) theory. It is shown that various quantum correlation measures and the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt inequality will highlight the critical point related with quantum phase transitions, and demonstrate nonanalytic phenomena and scaling behavior when the size of the systems becomes large. Our results also indicate a universal behavior of the critical exponent of ITF under QRG theory that the critical exponent of different measures is identical, even when the quantities vary from entanglement measures to quantum correlation measures. This means that the two kinds of quantum correlation criterion including the entanglement-separability paradigm and the information-theoretic paradigm have some connections between them. These remarkable behaviors may have important implications on condensed matter physics because the critical exponent directly associates with the correlation length exponent.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
Generation of highly inclined protoplanetary discs through single stellar flybys
Creators: name: Xiang-Gruess, Meng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the three-dimensional evolution of a viscous protoplanetary disc which is perturbed by a passing star on a parabolic orbit. The aim is to test whether a single stellar flyby is capable to excite significant disc inclinations which would favour the formation of so-called misaligned planets. We use smoothed particle hydrodynamics to study inclination, disc mass and angular momentum changes of the disc for passing stars with different masses. We explore different orbital configurations for the perturber's orbit to find the parameter spaces which allow significant disc inclination generation. Prograde inclined parabolic orbits are most destructive leading to significant disc mass and angular momentum loss. In the remaining disc, the final disc inclination is only below $20^\circ$. This is due to the removal of disc particles which have experienced the strongest perturbing effects. Retrograde inclined parabolic orbits are less destructive and can generate disc inclinations up to $60^\circ$. The final disc orientation is determined by the precession of the disc angular momentum vector about the perturber's orbital angular momentum vector and by disc orbital inclination changes. We propose a sequence of stellar flybys for the generation of misalignment angles above $60^\circ$. The results taken together show that stellar flybys are promising and realistic for the explanation of misaligned Hot Jupiters with misalignment angles up to 60\degr.
description: 15 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Exploration of Significant Relationships between Gut Microbiota Variables and Obesity Measures in the China Health and Nutrition Survey
Creators: name: Gora Combs, Katherine
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Obesity rates have more than doubled in the past twenty years in both Western and Westernizing countries. China especially has seen a dramatic increase in obesity prevalence of almost 10% from 1992 to 2002 (20.0 to 29.9%). Much of the research surrounding this increase has focused on the association between diet and obesity. However, there has been a recent surge in the research surrounding gut microbiota and their relationship with obesity measures. Using data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), this paper explores the relationship between various gut microbiota variables and obesity measures through linear regression models. Models were computed, both unadjusted and with covariate adjustment, with false discovery rates (FDR) adjustments made for multiple comparisons and significant probabilities were reported for each of the taxonomic classifications available in the CHNS. Unadjusted results suggest that the bacteria phyla of Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Euryarchaeota may be the strongest predictors of obesity measures. However, this relationship does not hold for adjusted models as the significant phyla are mixed.
Observations of Exoplanet Atmospheres
Creators: name: Crossfield, Ian J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detailed characterization of an extrasolar planet's atmosphere provides the best hope for distinguishing the makeup of its outer layers, and the only hope for understanding the interplay between initial composition, chemistry, dynamics & circulation, and disequilibrium processes. In recent years, some areas have seen rapid progress while developments in others have come more slowly and/or have been hotly contested. This article gives an observer's perspective on the current understanding of extrasolar planet atmospheres prior to the considerable advances expected from the next generation of observing facilities. Atmospheric processes of both transiting and directly-imaged planets are discussed, including molecular and atomic abundances, cloud properties, thermal structure, and planetary energy budgets. In the future we can expect a continuing and accelerating stream of new discoveries, which will fuel the ongoing exoplanet revolution for many years to come.
description: Accepted for publication. 18pp, 10 figures. v3: fixed more references
The EU and its policy of external promotion of human rights: the search for consistency : conceptual addition to the current debates for EEAS evaluation of the Action Plan on Human Rights and Democracy
Creators: name: Taufar, Patrik
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2015
Subjects: development aid policy
European Union
foreign policy
human rights
European External Action Service

description: Second semester University: National University of Ireland, University College Dublin.
description: The following paper introduces the EU as external human rights promoter in presenting the basic policy documents and most important instruments allocated to this purpose. During the paper is shown, that the EU operates with some basic selfreflection, elaborating on the challenges that faces in its efforts. Thesis is mainly focused on challenges of incoherence and inconsistency. These are in nowadays discourse mixed, so I am pleading for conceptual distinguishing between them in order to have a chance to find appropriate solutions. Further on, based on the interview conducted with the EEAS officials, I am able to identify contemporary limit of EU´s selfreflexive efforts in hesitation to review the provisions of the Strategic framework on Human rights and Democracy. Last parts of this paper contains an attempt to overcome this hesitation and pursuing the incoherency up to the single concrete formulation in the Strategic framework.
On the non-$k$-separability of Dicke class of states and $N$-qudit W states
Creators: name: Ananth, N.
name: Senthilvelan, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we present the separability criteria to identify non-$k$-separability and genuine multipartite entanglement in mixed multipartite states using elements of density matrices. Our criteria can detect the non-$k$-separability of Dicke class of states, anti W states and mixtures thereof and higher dimensional W class of states. We then investigate the performance of our criteria by considering $N$-qubit Dicke states with arbitrary excitations added with white noise and mixture of $N$-qudit W state with white noise. We also study the robustness of our criteria against white noise. Further, we demonstrate that our criteria are experimentally implementable by means of local observables such as Pauli matrices and generalized Gell-Mann matrices.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in IJTP
Gameplay moments that challenge the player's perspective
Creators: name: Whitby, Matthew
name: Iacovides, Ioanna
name: Deterding, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Digital Questionnaire
subject: Gameplay
subject: Game Studies
subject: HCI
subject: Player
subject: Reflection

description: This will be an exploratory study, conducted with the use of a digital questionnaire to explore the nature of perspective challenging moments.
Roma inclusion : a focus on good practices in education
Creators: name: Scheffer, Mathilde
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2012
Subjects: right to education
Romanies
Austria
Bulgaria
France

description: Second semester University: University of Vienna
description: Roma inclusion is one of the main challenges our European societies face today. Roma discrimination, prejudice, poverty and social exclusion should be combatted effectively to end the vicious circle. A key response to such problematic issue certainly is education. This thesis is aimed at exploring what the innovative practices in education are. The objective is to bring up questions about the existence of a best education policy. Before examining the good practices selected, it is necessary to better understand the issue at stake. The educational situation of Roma in Europe has to be analysed and confronted with the education requirements. The study of good practices provides some answers to the question and illustrates the complexity and the sensitiveness of the issue. Education shall be directed to the full development of and the strengthening of respect for Roma minority. European Union and national states should make education a core component and call today on Member States to turn their policies on Roma education into concrete action. Measures supporting equality and quality education are needed to tackle the problem at its roots.
Simple prescription for computing the nonrelativistic interparticle potential energy related to dual models
Creators: name: de Gracia, G. B.
name: de Brito, G. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following a procedure recently utilized by Accioly et al. to obtain the D-dimensional interparticle potential energy for electromagnetic models in the nonrelativistic limit, and relaxing the condition assumed by the authors concerning the conservation of the external current, the prescription found out by them is generalized so that dual models can also be contemplated. Specific models in which the interaction is mediated by a spin-0 particle described first by a vector field and then by a higher-derivative vector field, are analyzed. Systems mediated by spin-1 particles described, respectively, by symmetric rank-2 tensors, symmetric rank-2 tensors augmented by higher derivatives, and antisymmetric rank-2 tensors, are considered as well.
The Influence of Hospital Practices on Breastfeeding Among Non-Hispanic Black Women
Creators: name: Verma, Neha
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of hospital practices on breastfeeding initiation and breastfeeding at hospital discharge among Non-Hispanic Black (NHB) women. Data was gathered as part of the Mothers and Others: Family-Based Obesity Prevention for Infants and Toddlers study, an ongoing randomized controlled trial among 468 NHB women. The current study used preliminary data obtained from 99 women through survey questionnaires. Data revealed a breastfeeding initiation rate of 88.9%, while the rate of breastfeeding at hospital discharge was determined to be 59.1%. While no hospital practices were significantly associated with breastfeeding initiation in bivariate analysis, pacifier use and rooming in were significantly associated with breastfeeding at hospital discharge. Despite widespread recognition of the associated health benefits, breastfeeding rates in the United States remain suboptimal, with rates lowest among NHB women. Our preliminary data suggests the important influence the hospital setting may have on breastfeeding outcomes.
The role of trade agreements for better labour standards in the ASEAN countries
Creators: name: Vō, Thị Ðông Dương
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Association of Southeast Asian Nations
International Labour Organization
right to work
trade

description: Second semester University: Ca' Foscari University of Venice.
description: The thesis discusses the role of trade agreements as an instrument in effort to promote labour standards, particularly in the ASEAN countries in where workers’ rights are still not considered much enough. The paper will elaborate the history of debate to link trade and labour standards. In addition, the differences between models of trade agreements with included labor provision are also addressed in this paper. Significantly, the objective is to assess the role of trade agreements in contribution to improve the labour standards in the region and why they should be considered as a truly powerful instrument for that. The frame of debate is about whether trade agreement could truly promote labour standards. On the one hand, the benefit offered in trade agreements will encourage developing countries to reform legislation in complying with labour standards. On the other hand, the lack of enforcement mechanisms or unfair dispute settlements are still key concerns in current trade agreements while some existing arguments point out that trade agreements are only products of politics rather than aiming to improve workers’ rights. The thesis concludes that trade agreements play an utmost important role in improving labour standards in the ASEAN countries while there are still obstacles in practical.
Configuration mixing and effective baryon-baryon interactions
Creators: name: Zhu, Xinmei
name: Huang, Hongxia
name: Ping, Jialun
name: Wang, Fan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effective baryon-baryon interactions is studied in the refined quark delocalization color screening model (QDCSM), in which the different quark clusterings are fully taken into account, instead of controlling by a variational delocalization parameter $ε(s)$ between two 3-quark clusters. The symmetry bases are employed to do the calculation, all possible configurations for two quark clusters are considered. The results obtained are very similar to that of QDCSM. It is inferred that the delocalization parameter $ε(s)$ used in QDCSM is an economic and effective way to describe the mixing of quarks between baryons.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, 5 tables
Sex Wars: The use of feminist theories is sex workers' political mobilization
Creators: name: Sebastian, Kyle Ann
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Sex workers have organized in pursuit of political goals, with varying levels of success, since the 1970s. This paper explores factors influencing the success of political mobilization, specifically the relationship between the use of feminist theories of sex work and successful mobilization, in order to explain different levels of success among sex workers globally and to evaluate the utility of feminist theory in political action. This is accomplished through a comparison of successful and unsuccessful movements, determined by coalition building, engagement with government institutions, and influence on policy in New Zealand, India, and Sweden.