cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Autoencoder-based key-frame identification for water pipeline CCTV inspection
Creators: name: Jiao, Yutong
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2021

description: Closed-circuit television (CCTV) is being widely adopted in water pipeline inspection. The inspector needs to spend a long time to watch the recorded video during the office-based survey and can get fatigue easily. An automated process can release the inspector's workload and ensure the consistent quality of the survey. However, a fully automated survey of varied structural discontinuities still remains as a challenge. This study aims to first identify the key frames of the CCTV video, which contain the major anomalies captured from the internal surface of the pipe. Thus, the inspector can focus more on these key frames. First, the key-frame identification task is performed by using an unsupervised learning-based framework with state-of-the-art autoencoders. Three popular autoencoders were implemented in this framework, and results were collected accordingly. The experimental results illustrate that this framework achieves up to 0.940 accuracy with a relatively lower precision metric of 0.901. Secondly, a key-frame identification framework based on the steerable pyramid autoencoder (SPAE) is proposed in order to improve the accuracy of this task. Both the parameter optimization and comparative studies for the proposed SPAE were carried out in this research. Explicitly, the SPAE develops good capability of representation learning and extraction. The experimental results demonstrate that the SPAE-based approach can achieve 0.984 accuracy, which outperforms the other experimental methods selected for comparison. Thirdly, a log-Gabor autoencoder (LGAE) based framework is proposed to further enhance the performance on key-frame identification in terms of representation learning. It can be regarded as an improved version of the SPAE-based approach. Comparative studies were conducted, and the results show that this novel LGAE takes advantage of the feature detection over the other methods with the accuracy of 0.988 and the recall metric of 0.996. Additionally, the LGAE has a superior performance for the generalization on varied datasets. Hence, LGAE-based framework will significantly assist the office-based survey, which will highly facilitate the pipeline condition assessment through the CCTV inspection.
Electrification of Experimental Volcanic Jets with Varying Water Content and Temperature
Creators: name: Stern, S.
name: Cimarelli, C.
name: Gaudin, D.
name: Scheu, B.
name: Dingwell, D.B.
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2019

description: Volcanic lightning—a near ubiquitous feature of explosive volcanic eruptions—possesses great potential for the analysis of volcanic plume dynamics. To date, the lack of quantitative knowledge on the relationships between plume characteristics hinders efficient data analysis and application of the resulting parameterizations. We use a shock-tube apparatus for rapid decompression experiments to produce particle-laden jets. We have systematically and independently varied the water content (0–27 wt%) and the temperature (25–320 °C) of the particle-gas mixture. The addition of a few weight percent of water is sufficient to reduce the observed electrification by an order of magnitude. With increasing temperature, a larger number of smaller discharges are observed, with the overall amount of electrification staying similar. Changes in jet dynamics are proposed as the cause of the temperature-dependence, while multiple factors (including the higher conductivity of wet ash) can be seen responsible for the decreased electrification in wet experiments.
Lower Bound of Concurrence Based on Positive Maps
Creators: name: Li, Xiao-Sheng
name: Gao, Xiu-Hong
name: Fei, Shao-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the concurrence of arbitrary dimensional bipartite quantum systems. An explicit analytical lower bound of concurrence is obtained, which detects entanglement for some quantum states better than some well-known separability criteria, and improves the lower bounds such as from the PPT, realignment criteria and the Breuer's entanglement witness.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure
title: ÐÐ¾Ð²ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÑÑÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ ÑÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑÐ° Ð¸Ð·Ð³Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð´ÐµÑÐ°Ð»Ð¸ "ÐÑÐ³ÐµÐ»Ñ" Ñ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð¾Ð¼ ÑÐ¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¾Ð² Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ¸ ÐµÑ Ð³Ð»ÑÐ±Ð¾ÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð¾ÑÐ²ÐµÑÑÑÐ¸Ð¹
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¼Ð°Ð³Ð¸ÑÑÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Improving the efficiency of the technological process of manufacturing the "Bugel" part with the analysis of methods for processing its deep holes
Creators: name: ÐÑÐ·Ð¸Ð½Ð°, ÐÐ½Ð°ÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ñ
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2021
Subjects: Ð ÐµÐ¶ÑÑÐ¸Ðµ Ð¸Ð½ÑÑÑÑÐ¼ÐµÐ½ÑÑ
Ð ÐµÐ·Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ°Ð»Ð»Ð¾Ð²
Ð¡Ð²ÐµÑÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ
ÐÐµÑÐ°Ð»Ð¸ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð½
Ð±ÑÐ³ÐµÐ»Ñ
ÑÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑ
ÑÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ðµ Ð·Ð°Ð´Ð°ÑÐ¸
ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð»ÐµÐºÑ ÑÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ Ð´Ð¾ÐºÑÐ¼ÐµÐ½ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¸
ÑÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ°Ñ Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð°ÑÑÐºÐ°
Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½ÑÐ¹ Ð¸Ð½ÑÑÑÑÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ñ
Ð¿Ð¾Ð³ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÑ
Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ
bugel
technological process
technological tasks
set of technological documentation
technological equipment
measuring tool
error
device

description: ÐÐ°Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ²ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð° Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð»ÐµÐ¼ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑÐ° Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ¸ Ð³Ð»ÑÐ±Ð¾ÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð¾ÑÐ²ÐµÑÑÑÐ¸Ð¹. Ð Ð°ÑÑÐ¼Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð²Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð°Ð½ÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð²ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ¸, Ð½Ð° Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ðµ ÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÑÑ Ð±ÑÐ» Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð½ ÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½ÑÐ¹ Ð¸Ð½ÑÑÑÑÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ñ. ÐÐ°Ð´Ð°ÑÐ¸, ÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐµ ÑÐµÑÐ°Ð»Ð¸ÑÑ Ð² ÑÐ¾Ð´Ðµ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ: 1. ÐÐ·ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐ¸Ð¿Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑÐ° Ð¸Ð·Ð³Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ 2. ÐÐ½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð· Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð»ÐµÐ¼ Ð³Ð»ÑÐ±Ð¾ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ²ÐµÑÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ. 3. ÐÐ½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð· ÑÐ°Ð·Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¾Ð² Ð¿Ð¾Ð²ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ¸ Ð³Ð»ÑÐ±Ð¾ÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð¾ÑÐ²ÐµÑÑÑÐ¸Ð¹. 4. Ð¡ÑÐ°Ð²Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ½ÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¸Ð½ÑÑÑÑÐ¼ÐµÐ½ÑÐ°. Ð ÑÐµÐ·ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÑÐµ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ Ð±ÑÐ»Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ñ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ½ÑÐµ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ñ Ð´ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÑÑÑÐ¶ÐºÐ¸, Ð° ÑÐ°ÐºÐ¶Ðµ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¸Ð½ÑÑÑÑÐ¼ÐµÐ½ÑÐ° Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐ²ÐµÑÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð³Ð»ÑÐ±Ð¾ÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð¾ÑÐ²ÐµÑÑÑÐ¸Ð¹. ÐÐ° Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ðµ ÑÑÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð±ÑÐ» Ð²ÑÐ±ÑÐ°Ð½ Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½ÑÐ¹ Ð¸Ð½ÑÑÑÑÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ñ.
description: This paper is devoted to the analysis of the problems of the deep hole processing process. Options for improving the accuracy of processing, on the basis of which a special tool was selected, are considered. Tasks that were solved in the course of the study: 1. Study of a typical manufacturing process 2. Analysis of deep drilling problems. 3. Analysis of various methods to improve the accuracy of deep hole machin-ing. 4. Comparison of different tool designs. As a result of the work, various methods of chip crushing were analyzed, as well as a different design of the tool for drilling deep holes. Based on this, the optimal tool was selected.
Equilibrium Climate Sensitivity Estimated by Equilibrating Climate Models
Creators: name: Rugenstein, Maria
name: Bloch-Johnson, Jonah
name: Gregory, Jonathan
name: Andrews, Timothy
name: Mauritsen, Thorsten
name: Li, Chao
name: Frölicher, Thomas L.
name: Paynter, David
name: Danabasoglu, Gokhan
name: Yang, Shuting
name: Dufresne, Jean-Louis
name: Cao, Long
name: Schmidt, Gavin A.
name: Abe-Ouchi, Ayako
name: Geoffroy, Olivier
name: Knutti, Reto
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2020

description: The methods to quantify equilibrium climate sensitivity are still debated. We collect millennial-length simulations of coupled climate models and show that the global mean equilibrium warming is higher than those obtained using extrapolation methods from shorter simulations. Specifically, 27 simulations with 15 climate models forced with a range of CO2 concentrations show a median 17% larger equilibrium warming than estimated from the first 150 years of the simulations. The spatial patterns of radiative feedbacks change continuously, in most regions reducing their tendency to stabilizing the climate. In the equatorial Pacific, however, feedbacks become more stabilizing with time. The global feedback evolution is initially dominated by the tropics, with eventual substantial contributions from the mid-latitudes. Time-dependent feedbacks underscore the need of a measure of climate sensitivity that accounts for the degree of equilibration, so that models, observations, and paleo proxies can be adequately compared and aggregated to estimate future warming.
title: Remarks Prepared for Delivery by Secretary of Transportation Elizabeth Hanford Dole, Daughters of the American Revolution Continental Congress
Creators: name: Dole, Elizabeth Hanford
name: United States Department of Transportation
Publisher: name: United States Department of Transportation
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/02xfw2e90
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1987
Subjects: classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/92116
subject: Federal government
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/92148
subject: Public service
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/91688
subject: Volunteers
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/92174
subject: Public private partnerships

description: See the Secretary of Transportation Speeches Collection's finding aid at: https://ntl.as.atlas-sys.com/repositories/2/resources/4
description: Remarks prepared for delivery by Secretary of Transportation Elizabeth Hanford Dole for the Daughters of the American Revolution Continental Congress in Washington, D.C. on April 20, 1987.
Impedance-matched cavity quantum memory
Creators: name: Afzelius, Mikael
name: Simon, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider an atomic frequency comb based quantum memory inside an asymmetric optical cavity. In this configuration it is possible to absorb the input light completely in a system with an effective optical depth of one, provided that the absorption per cavity round trip exactly matches the transmission of the coupling mirror ("impedance matching"). We show that the impedance matching results in a readout efficiency only limited by irreversible atomic dephasing, whose effect can be made very small in systems with large inhomogeneous broadening. Our proposal opens up an attractive route towards quantum memories with close to unit efficiency.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
title: Remarks Prepared for Secretary of Transportation Elizabeth Hanford Dole, Pioneer Woman of the Year Award
Creators: name: Dole, Elizabeth Hanford
name: United States Department of Transportation
Publisher: name: United States Department of Transportation
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/02xfw2e90
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1987
Subjects: classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/91565
subject: Females
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/91523
subject: Social values
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/88643
subject: Leadership
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/92148
subject: Public service

description: See the Secretary of Transportation Speeches Collection's finding aid at: https://ntl.as.atlas-sys.com/repositories/2/resources/4
description: Remarks prepared for Secretary of Transportation Elizabeth Hanford Dole for the Pioneer Woman of the Year Award in Ponca City, Oklahoma on April 24, 1987.
On the Sensitivity of the Devonian Climate to Continental Configuration, Vegetation Cover, Orbital Configuration, CO 2 Concentration, and Insolation
Creators: name: Brugger, Julia
name: Hofmann, Matthias
name: Petri, Stefan
name: Feulner, Georg
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2019

description: During the Devonian (419 to 359 million years ago), life on Earth witnessed decisive evolutionary breakthroughs, most prominently the colonization of land by vascular plants and vertebrates. However, it was also a period of major marine extinctions coinciding with marked changes in climate. The cause of these changes remains unknown, and it is therefore instructive to explore systematically how the Devonian climate responds to changes in boundary conditions. Here we use coupled climate model simulations to investigate separately the influence of changes in continental configuration, vegetation cover, carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations, the solar constant, and orbital parameters on the Devonian climate. The biogeophysical effect of changes in vegetation cover is small, and the cooling due to continental drift is offset by the increasing solar constant. Variations of orbital parameters affect the Devonian climate, with the warmest climate states at high obliquity and high eccentricity. The prevailing mode of decadal to centennial climate variability relates to temperature fluctuations in high northern latitudes which are mediated by coupled oscillations involving sea ice cover, ocean convection, and a regional overturning circulation. The temperature evolution during the Devonian is dominated by the strong decrease in atmospheric CO2. Albedo changes due to increasing vegetation cover cannot explain the temperature rise found in Late Devonian proxy data. Finally, simulated temperatures are significantly lower than estimates based on oxygen isotope ratios, suggesting a lower δ18O ratio of Devonian seawater.
Atomic number fluctuations in a mixture of two spinor condensates
Creators: name: Zhang, Jie
name: Xu, Z. F.
name: You, L.
name: Zhang, Yunbo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study particle number fluctuations in the quantum ground states of a mixture of two spin-1 atomic condensates when the interspecies spin-exchange coupling interaction $c_{12}β$ is adjusted. The two spin-1 condensates forming the mixture are respectively ferromagnetic and polar in the absence of an external magnetic (B-) field. We categorize all possible ground states using the angular momentum algebra and compute their characteristic atom number fluctuations, focusing especially on the the AA phase (when $ c_{12}β>0$), where the ground state becomes fragmented and atomic number fluctuations exhibit drastically different features from a single stand alone spin-1 polar condensate. Our results are further supported by numerical simulations of the full quantum many-body system.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, in press PRA
Leiden-Based Parallel Community Detection
Creators: name: Nguyen, Fabian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Leiden
Community Detection
Parallelism
C++

description: Parallel Implementation of the Leiden Algorithm in C++ (requires NetworKit) Source code can be found on github https://github.com/CxVercility/ParallelLeiden
description: Fixed typos and errors
Additional file 6 of Transcriptional atlas analysis from multiple tissues reveals the expression specificity patterns in beef cattle
Creators: name: Zhang, Tianliu
name: Wang, Tianzhen
name: Niu, Qunhao
name: Xu, Lei
name: Chen, Yan
name: Gao, Xue
name: Gao, Huijiang
name: Zhang, Lupei
name: Liu, George E.
name: Li, Junya
name: Xu, Lingyang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 6: Figure S4. Expression pattern of several top TSG in all other system. Figure S5. GO function enrichment analysis in other system category.
Asymmetric graphene model applied to graphite-like carbon-based ferromagnetism
Creators: name: Ota, Norio
name: Gorjizadeh, Narjes
name: Kawazoe, Yoshiyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several experiments have recently found room-temperature ferromagnetism in graphite-like carbon based materials. This paper offers a model explaining such ferromagnetism by using an asymmetric nano-graphene. Our first typical model is C48H24 graphene molecule, which has three dihydrogenated (-CH2) zigzag edges. There are several multiple spin states competing for stable minimum energy in the same atomic topology. Both molecular orbital and density function theory methods indicate that the quartet state(S=3/2) is more stable than that of doublet (S=1/2), which means that larger saturation magnetization will be achieved. We also enhanced this molecule to an infinite length ribbon having many (-CH2) edges. Similar results were obtained where the highest spin state was more stable than lower spin state. In contrast, a nitrogen substituted (-NH) molecule C45N3H21 demonstrated opposite results. that is, the lowest spin state(S=1/2) is more stable than that of highest one(S=3/2), which arises from the slight change in atom position.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures
Global Assimilation of Ocean-Color Data of Phytoplankton Functional Types: Impact of Different Data Sets
Creators: name: Pradhan, H. K.
name: Völker, C.
name: Losa, S. N.
name: Bracher, A.
name: Nerger, L.
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2020

description: Phytoplankton functional-type (PFT) data are assimilated into the global coupled ocean-ecosystem model MITgcm-REcoM2 for two years using a local ensemble Kalman filter. The ecosystem model has two PFTs: small phytoplankton (SP) and diatoms. Three different sets of satellite PFT data are assimilated: Ocean-Color-Phytoplankton Functional Type (OC-PFT), Phytoplankton Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (PhytoDOAS), and SYNergistic exploitation of hyper- and multi-spectral precursor SENtinel measurements to determine Phytoplankton Functional Types (SynSenPFT), which is a synergistic product combining the independent PFT products OC-PFT and PhytoDOAS. The effect of assimilating PFT data is compared with the assimilation of total chlorophyll data (TChla), which constrains both PFTs through multivariate assimilation. While the assimilation of TChla already improves both PFTs, the assimilation of PFT data further improves the representation of the phytoplankton community. The effect is particularly large for diatoms where, compared to the assimilation of TChla, the SynSenPFT assimilation results in 57% and 67% reduction of root-mean-square error and bias, respectively, while the correlation is increased from 0.45 to 0.54. For SP the assimilation of SynSenPFT data reduces the root-mean-square error and bias by 14% each and increases the correlation by 30%. The separate assimilation of the PFT data products OC-PFT, SynSenPFT, and joint assimilation of OC-PFT and PhytoDOAS data leads to similar results while the assimilation of PhytoDOAS data alone leads to deteriorated SP but improved diatoms. When both OC-PFT and PhytoDOAS data are jointly assimilated, the representation of diatoms is improved compared to the assimilation of only OC-PFT. The results show slightly lower errors than when the synergistic SynSenPFT data are assimilated, which shows that the assimilation successfully combines the separate data sources.
title: Remarks Prepared for Delivery by Secretary of Transportation Elizabeth Hanford Dole, University of Georgia Law Day
Creators: name: Dole, Elizabeth Hanford
name: United States Department of Transportation
Publisher: name: United States Department of Transportation
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/02xfw2e90
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1987
Subjects: classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/92110
subject: Universities and colleges
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/92116
subject: Federal government
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/96638
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/91422
subject: Economic and social factors
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/90934
subject: National security
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/88891
subject: Transportation policy

description: See the Secretary of Transportation Speeches Collection's finding aid at: https://ntl.as.atlas-sys.com/repositories/2/resources/4
description: Remarks prepared for delivery by Secretary of Transportation Elizabeth Hanford Dole for the University of Georgia Law Day in Athens, Georgia on April 25, 1987.
Mass transport by buoyant bubbles in galaxy clusters
Creators: name: Pope, Edward C. D.
name: Babul, Arif
name: Pavlovski, Georgi
name: Bower, Richard G.
name: Dotter, Aaron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effect of three important processes by which AGN-blown bubbles transport material: drift, wake transport and entrainment. The first of these, drift, occurs because a buoyant bubble pushes aside the adjacent material, giving rise to a net upward displacement of the fluid behind the bubble. For a spherical bubble, the mass of upwardly displaced material is roughly equal to half the mass displaced by the bubble, and should be ~ 10^{7-9} solar masses depending on the local ICM and bubble parameters. We show that in classical cool core clusters, the upward displacement by drift may be a key process in explaining the presence of filaments behind bubbles. A bubble also carries a parcel of material in a region at its rear, known as the wake. The mass of the wake is comparable to the drift mass and increases the average density of the bubble, trapping it closer to the cluster centre and reducing the amount of heating it can do during its ascent. Moreover, material dropping out of the wake will also contribute to the trailing filaments. Mass transport by the bubble wake can effectively prevent the build-up of cool material in the central galaxy, even if AGN heating does not balance ICM cooling. Finally, we consider entrainment, the process by which ambient material is incorporated into the bubble. Abridged
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 17 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables. Formatted for letter paper and adjusted author affiliations.
title: Remarks Prepared for Delivery by Secretary of Transportation Elizabeth Hanford Dole, Iowa Organization of Women Attorneys
Creators: name: Dole, Elizabeth Hanford
name: United States Department of Transportation
Publisher: name: United States Department of Transportation
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/02xfw2e90
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1987
Subjects: classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/91702
subject: Attorneys
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/91565
subject: Females
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/92130
subject: Transportation departments

description: See the Secretary of Transportation Speeches Collection's finding aid at: https://ntl.as.atlas-sys.com/repositories/2/resources/4
description: Remarks prepared for delivery by Secretary of Transportation Elizabeth Hanford Dole for the Iowa Organization of Women Attorneys in Cedar Rapids, Iowa on April 27, 1987.
Minerva : rivista della scuola magistrale - Anno IV No. 2, Locarno, febbraio 1939
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Locarno
Year: 1939
Subjects: Civics
Musical education
History
Art history

description: Comitato di redazione: Achille Ferrari - Direttore della Scuola Magistrale Cantonale di Locarno, Luigi Menapace - Docente di Pedagogia nella stessa Scuola, Augusto Ugo Tarabori - Segretario di concetto al Dipartimento cantonale di Pubblica Educazione.
Relativistic magnetic reconnection at X-type neutral points
Creators: name: Kojima, Yasufumi
name: Oogi, Junpei
name: Kato, Yugo E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relativistic effects in the oscillatory damping of magnetic disturbances near two-dimensional X-points are investigated. By taking into account displacement current, we study new features of extremely magnetized systems, in which the Alfvén velocity is almost the speed of light. The frequencies of the least-damped mode are calculated using linearized relativistic MHD equations for wide ranges of the Lundquist number S and the magnetization parameter $σ$. These timescales approach constant values in the large resistive limit: the oscillation time becomes a few times the light crossing time, irrespective of $σ$, and the decay time is proportional to $σ$ and therefore is longer for a highly magnetized system.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
title: Remarks Prepared for Delivery by Secretary of Transportation Elizabeth Hanford Dole, Cedar Rapids-Marion Area Transportation Club Reception
Creators: name: Dole, Elizabeth Hanford
name: United States Department of Transportation
Publisher: name: United States Department of Transportation
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/02xfw2e90
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1987
Subjects: classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/88926
subject: Deregulation
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/91423
subject: Economic factors
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/87904
subject: Transportation
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/108740
subject: Railroad operations

description: See the Secretary of Transportation Speeches Collection's finding aid at: https://ntl.as.atlas-sys.com/repositories/2/resources/4
description: Remarks prepared for delivery by Secretary of Transportation Elizabeth Hanford Dole for the Cedar Rapids-Marion Area Transportation Club Reception on April 27, 1987 in Cedar Rapids, Iowa.
The effects of exercise on white matter in the brain and emotion recognition in a treatment resistant schizophrenia population
Creators: name: Senften, Peter
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2021

description: Treatment-resistant schizophrenia is characterized by deficits in cognition, emotion recognition, cardiovascular health, and brain white matter (WM). Reductions in frontal-temporal white matter (WM) volumes in schizophrenia are associated with psychotic symptoms, cognitive deficits, poor emotional recognition, and cardiometabolic disorder. Regular exercise is posited to attenuate or restore functionality in multiple domains, but the efficacy of exercise as a non-pharmacological treatment for schizophrenia is unknown. Our goal was to examine the effects of exercise on WM in treatment-resistant schizophrenia. Fifteen treatment-resistant schizophrenia patients and 10 age, gender and education matched healthy volunteers were included in a 12-week exercise intervention. At baseline, compared to healthy volunteers, patients had decreased myelin water fraction (MWF) in the genu, callosal body, splenium, external capsule, cingulum, superior longitudinal fasciculus, and forceps minor with corrected p-values ranging from 0.03 to 0.04 and hedges’ g effect sizes ranging from -0.76 to -1.03. Patients also had decreased fractional anisotropy (FA) in the genu (p = 0.03, g = -1.29) and the forceps minor (p = 0.03, g = -1.23). Patients also had slower reaction times in emotion expression tasks (p < 0.01, g = 1.30), slower domain level speed of processing (p < 0.01, g = -1.91), and lower working memory (p <0.01, g = -1.52), and executive function (p < 0.01, g = -1.07) tasks at baseline. After exercise intervention, patients improved their reaction time, with corrected p-values and Cohen’s d effect sizes, in correct emotion expression tasks (p = 0.02, d = -1.0) and domain level processing speed (p = 0.03, d = -0.57). Patients also had significantly improved social and occupation functioning (p < 0.01, d = 0.92), and reduced symptom severity (p < 0.01, d = -1.0). No detectable changes were seen in MWF, FA, or other cognitive tasks. Larger sample sizes or longer periods of exercise intervention may be required to detect WM changes. In summary, exercise can be a safe and effective adjunct treatment for treatment resistant schizophrenia that reduces psychotic symptoms, improve social functioning, and improve processing speed.
Coastal Erosion Variability at the Southern Laptev Sea Linked to Winter Sea Ice and the Arctic Oscillation
Creators: name: Nielsen, David Marcolino
name: Dobrynin, Mikhail
name: Baehr, Johanna
name: Razumov, Sergey
name: Grigoriev, Mikhail
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2020

description: Arctic coastal erosion experiences pronounced effects from ongoing climate change. The Laptev Sea figures among the Arctic regions with the most severe erosion rates. Here, we use unprecedentedly long records of almost 30 years of annual in-situ coastal erosion rate measurements from Bykovsky Peninsula and Muostakh Island to separate the main modes of variability, which we attribute to large-scale drivers. The first (lower-frequency) and second (higher-frequency) modes are associated with winter sea-ice cover in the Laptev Sea and with the Arctic Oscillation, respectively, which together account for 85.1±24.1% of the total observed variance. Arctic coastal erosion has so far been neglected in Earth system models (ESMs). The proposed mechanisms set favorable conditions for coastal erosion at large scales (synoptic to planetary scales), compatible with those represented in modern ESMs.
title: Remarks Prepared for Delivery by Secretary of Transportation Elizabeth Hanford Dole, Central Iowa Chapter, National Association of Women Business Owners
Creators: name: Dole, Elizabeth Hanford
name: United States Department of Transportation
Publisher: name: United States Department of Transportation
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/02xfw2e90
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1987
Subjects: classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/92171
subject: Women owned business enterprises
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/91565
subject: Females
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/91976
subject: Businesses
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/91579
subject: Families

description: See the Secretary of Transportation Speeches Collection's finding aid at: https://ntl.as.atlas-sys.com/repositories/2/resources/4
description: Remarks prepared for delivery by Secretary of Transportation Elizabeth Hanford Dole for the Central Iowa Chapter of the National Association of Women Business Owners in Des Moines, Iowa on April 27, 1987.
Additional file 1 of Metabolism disorder promotes isoproterenol-induced myocardial injury in mice with high temperature and high humidity and high-fat diet
Creators: name: Lan, Taohua
name: Zeng, Qiaohuang
name: Jiang, Wei
name: Liu, Tong
name: Xu, Wenjing
name: Yao, Ping
name: Lu, Weihui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Fig S1 Body weight. The body weights of mice in control, ISO and Tanshi groups were measured every two weeks.
Photometric study of two beta Cephei pulsators in eclipsing systems
Creators: name: Drobek, D.
name: Pigulski, A.
name: Shobbrook, R. R.
name: Narwid, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of a photometric study of the young southern open cluster Stock 14. This cluster is known to contain two eclipsing systems with presumed beta Cephei components, HD 101794 and HD 101838. We confirm variability due to pulsations and eclipses in both targets and announce the discovery of other variable stars in the observed field.
description: 3 pages, 4 figures, Astronomische Nachrichten, HELAS IV Conference, Arecife, Lanzarote, Feb 2010, submitted
Ways to Decrease TCO and Infrastructure Related Costs
Creators: name: Homberg, Willi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: TCO
HPC
CapEx
OpEx

description: An analysis of Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) is widely used to support acquisition and planning decisions for a wide range of assets that bring significant maintenance or operating costs across ownership life. This calculation of TCO aggregates the initial investment as capital expenditure (CapEx) with the operational expenditure (OpEx) along the whole life cycle of the asset. It is a central concern e.g. in budgeting and asset life cycle management, when prioritizing acquisition proposals. Not surprisingly, evaluating the TCO of a supercomputing system is a widely used approach to compare different options.

Any data centre, especially an HPC centre, requires an advanced infrastructure which supports the efficient work with computing and data resources. Although depending on the particular customer situation, infrastructure related costs are important contributors to the TCO, energy being among those costs, one of the most important cost driving factors to be considered in a TCO calculation. The worldwide fastest supercomputers of 2017 consume up to 18 MW, close to what is generally considered as the upper limit for the electricity budget (20 MW). Our study shows that on average the CapEx for IT equipment represents less than half of the total costs (46.8 %) and a large fraction of costs (33.8 %) is due to the investment incurred in developing the infrastructure and the related operational costs collectively. A share of 11.1 % of the TCO is attributed to personnel costs.

Reducing TCO is generally challenging and there are no simple recipes. The decrease of costs has to be analysed in conjunction with strategic goals of the data centres, defined requirements and SLAs. Therefore, it’s a multi-layered analysis and not only a simple decrease of costs. Changes that help to reduce costs in one part of the system may result in an increase of costs in other parts. So there is a need for trade-off analysis taking all system and data infrastructure related costs into account. This also requires to make certain assumptions about the usage of the system, and the typical workload it will operate and to balance Time-to-Solution (TtS) and Energy-to-Solution (EtS) to target the "best value for money".

This white paper is based on a questionnaire that has been sent out to PRACE partners in work package “HPC Commissioning and Prototyping” (WP5) to find the most relevant cost factors which have to be considered when purchasing, installing or upgrading, and operating a state-of-the-art HPC centre. Another goal of this report is to assess the increasing role of the infrastructure and the great power consumption, especially with regards to the upcoming exascale systems. Promising strategies for cutting costs while preserving high-performance are discussed and examples of best-practices are listed. Finally, a practical example is given to what extent the TCO concept is used in HPC procurements at PRACE partner sites.
Additional file 3 of Metabolism disorder promotes isoproterenol-induced myocardial injury in mice with high temperature and high humidity and high-fat diet
Creators: name: Lan, Taohua
name: Zeng, Qiaohuang
name: Jiang, Wei
name: Liu, Tong
name: Xu, Wenjing
name: Yao, Ping
name: Lu, Weihui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3. Table S2. The top 20 down-regulated differential metabolites between Tanshi group and ISO group.
title: Talking Points Prepared for Secretary of Transportation Elizabeth Hanford Dole, Drug Awareness Week Kickoff
Creators: name: Dole, Elizabeth Hanford
name: United States Department of Transportation
Publisher: name: United States Department of Transportation
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/02xfw2e90
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1987
Subjects: classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/90831
subject: Drugs
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/90826
subject: Drug use
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/90827
subject: Drug abuse
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/88784
subject: Campaigns
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/90595
subject: Transportation safety

description: See the Secretary of Transportation Speeches Collection's finding aid at: https://ntl.as.atlas-sys.com/repositories/2/resources/4
description: Talking points prepared for Secretary of Transportation Elizabeth Hanford Dole for the Drug Awareness Week Kickoff in Washington, D.C. on April 27, 1987.
Cebama reference mix design for low-pH concrete and paste, preliminary characterisation
Creators: name: Vehmas, Tapo
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2019

description: A reference low-pH concrete and paste mix were manufactured within the Cebama-project. Reference mixtures were casted at VTT in March 2016 and were distributed among some of the Cebama partners. Reference mix designs will be used by different partners as a common material to study their behaviour in contact with waters of different composition and interaction with radionuclides. Additionally, these materials will be used for model calibration. This article provides a summary of the characterization methods used by different partners and gives an overview of the experiments which will be made in the future with the reference materials.
Comparison of CORSIKA and COSMOS simulations
Creators: name: Roh, Soonyoung
name: Kim, Jihee
name: Kasahara, Katsuaki
name: Kido, Eiji
name: Taketa, Akimichi
name: Ryu, Dongsu
name: Kang, Hyesung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) refer to cosmic rays with energy above 10^{18} eV. UHECR experiments utilize simulations of extensive air shower to estimate the properties of UHECRs. The Telescope Array (TA) experiment employs the Monte Carlo codes of CORSIKA and COSMOS to obtain EAS simulations. In this paper, we compare the results of the simulations obtained from CORSIKA and COSMOS and report differences between them in terms of the longitudinal distribution, Xmax-value, calorimetric energy, and energy spectrum at ground.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures, to appear in proceedings of UHECR2010 (AIP Conference Series)
Categorified symmetries
Creators: name: Schreiber, Urs
name: Škoda, Zoran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 18, 81T, 14A22, 55N30

description: Quantum field theory allows more general symmetries than groups and Lie algebras. For instance quantum groups, that is Hopf algebras, have been familiar to theoretical physicists for a while now. Nowdays many examples of symmetries of categorical flavor -- categorical groups, groupoids, Lie algebroids and their higher analogues -- appear in physically motivated constructions and faciliate constructions of geometrically sound models and quantization of field theories. Here we consider two flavours of categorified symmetries: one coming from noncommutative algebraic geometry where varieties themselves are replaced by suitable categories of sheaves; another in which the gauge groups are categorified to higher groupoids. Together with their gauge groups, also the fiber bundles themselves become categorified, and their gluing (or descent data) is given by nonabelian cocycles, generalizing group cohomology, where infinity-groupoids appear in the role both of the domain and the coefficient object. Such cocycles in particular represent higher principal bundles, gerbes, -- possibly equivariant, possibly with connection -- as well as the corresponding associated higher vector bundles. We show how the Hopf algebra known as the Drinfeld double arises in this context. This article is an expansion of a talk that the second author gave at the 5th Summer School of Modern Mathematical Physics in 2008.
description: about 55 pages, expansion of 28-page published proceedings
Assimilating synthetic land surface temperature in a coupled land–atmosphere model
Creators: name: Sgoff, Christine
name: Schomburg, Annika
name: Schmidli, Juerg
name: Potthast, Roland
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2020

description: A realistic simulation of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) depends on an accurate representation of the land–atmosphere coupling. Land surface temperature (LST) plays an important role in this context and the assimilation of LST can lead to improved estimates of the boundary layer and its processes. We assimilated synthetic satellite LST retrievals derived from a nature run as truth into a fully coupled, state-of-the-art land–atmosphere numeric weather prediction model. As assimilation system a local ensemble transform Kalman filter was used and the control vector was augmented by the soil temperature and humidity. To evaluate the concept of the augmented control vector, two-day case-studies with different control vector settings were conducted for clear-sky periods in March and August 2017. These experiments with hourly LST assimilation were validated against the nature run and overall, the RMSE of atmospheric and soil temperature of the first-guess (and analysis) were reduced. The temperature estimate of the ABL was particularly improved during daytime as was the estimate of the soil temperature during the whole diurnal cycle. The best impact of LST assimilation on the soil and the ABL was achieved with the augmented control vector. Through the coupling between the soil and the atmosphere, the assimilation of LST can have a positive impact on the temperature forecast of the ABL even after 15 hr because of the memory of the soil. These encouraging results motivate further work towards the assimilation of real satellite LST retrievals.
title: Remarks Prepared for Delivery by Secretary of Transportation Elizabeth Hanford Dole, Waterloo Chamber of Commerce
Creators: name: Dole, Elizabeth Hanford
name: United States Department of Transportation
Publisher: name: United States Department of Transportation
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/02xfw2e90
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1987
Subjects: classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/92171
subject: Women owned business enterprises
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/88618
subject: Awards
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/91565
subject: Females
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/91976
subject: Businesses

description: See the Secretary of Transportation Speeches Collection's finding aid at: https://ntl.as.atlas-sys.com/repositories/2/resources/4
description: Remarks prepared for delivery by Secretary of Transportation Elizabeth Hanford Dole for the Waterloo Chamber of Commerce in Waterloo, Iowa on April 28, 1987.
Additional file 8 of Transcriptional atlas analysis from multiple tissues reveals the expression specificity patterns in beef cattle
Creators: name: Zhang, Tianliu
name: Wang, Tianzhen
name: Niu, Qunhao
name: Xu, Lei
name: Chen, Yan
name: Gao, Xue
name: Gao, Huijiang
name: Zhang, Lupei
name: Liu, George E.
name: Li, Junya
name: Xu, Lingyang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 8: Figure S6. Clustering of expression patterns of 48 TSGs in brain. Figure S7. Hierarchical clustering of 51 tissues of cattle. Figure S8. The determination of the power Beta (β) value is based on the scale free topology criterion and mean connectivity under the weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) method. Figure S9. Network scale-free topology distribution test based on selected β value.
Millikelvin de Haas-van Alphen and Magnetotransport studies of Graphite
Creators: name: Hubbard, S. B.
name: Kershaw, T. J.
name: Usher, A.
name: Savchenko, A. K.
name: Shytov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent studies of the electronic properties of graphite have produced conflicting results regarding the positions of the different carrier types within the Brillouin zone, and the possible presence of Dirac fermions. In this paper we report a comprehensive study of the de Haas-van Alphen, Shubnikov-de Haas and Hall effects in a sample of highly orientated pyrolytic graphite, at temperatures in the range 30 mK to 4 K and magnetic fields up to 12 T. The transport measurements confirm the Brillouin-zone locations of the different carrier types assigned by Schroeder et al.: electrons are at the K-point, and holes are near the H-points. We extract the cyclotron mass and scattering time for both carrier types from the temperature- and magnetic-field-dependences of the magneto-oscillations. Our results indicate that the holes experience stronger scattering and hence have a lower mobility than the electrons. We utilise phase-frequency analysis and intercept analysis of the 1/B positions of magneto-oscillation extrema to identify the nature of the carriers in graphite, whether they are Dirac or normal (Schrodinger) fermions. These analyses indicate normal holes and electrons of indeterminate nature.
Dielectric Thickness Dependence of Carrier Mobility in Graphene with HfO2 Top Dielectric
Creators: name: Fallahazad, Babak
name: Kim, Seyoung
name: Colombo, Luigi
name: Tutuc, Emanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the carrier mobility in mono- and bi-layer graphene with a top HfO2 dielectric, as a function of the HfO2 film thickness and temperature. The results show that the carrier mobility decreases during the deposition of the first 2-4 nm of top dielectric and remains constant for thicker layers. The carrier mobility shows a relatively weak dependence on temperature indicating that phonon scattering does not play a dominant role in controlling the carrier mobility. The data strongly suggest that fixed charged impurities located in close proximity to the graphene are responsible for the mobility degradation.
description: 3 pages, 4 figures