A Joint Fermi-GBM and LIGO/Virgo Analysis of Compact Binary Mergers From the First and Second Gravitational-wave Observing Runs
Creators: name: Ray Burst Monitor Team
name: The LIGO Scientific Collaboration
name: The Virgo Collaboration
name: Hamburg, R.
name: Fletcher, C.
name: Burns, E.
name: Goldstein, A.
name: Bissaldi, E.
name: Briggs, M. S.
name: Cleveland, W. H.
name: Giles, M. M.
name: Hui, C. M.
name: Kocevski, D.
name: Lesage, S.
name: Mailyan, B.
name: Malacaria, C.
name: Poolakkil, S.
name: Preece, R.
name: Roberts, O. J.
name: Veres, P.
name: von Kienlin, A.
name: Wilson-Hodge, C. A.
name: Wood, J.
name: Abbott, R.
name: Abbott, T. D.
name: Abraham, S.
name: Acernese, F.
name: Ackley, K.
name: Adams, C.
name: Adhikari, R. X.
name: Adya, V. B.
name: Affeldt, C.
name: Agathos, M.
name: Agatsuma, K.
name: Aggarwal, N.
name: Aguiar, O. D.
name: Aich, A.
name: Aiello, L.
name: Ain, A.
name: Ajith, P.
name: Allen, G.
name: Allocca, A.
name: Altin, P. A.
name: Amato, A.
name: Anand, S.
name: Ananyeva, A.
name: Anderson, S. B.
name: Anderson, W. G.
name: Angelova, S. V.
name: Ansoldi, S.
name: Antier, S.
name: Appert, S.
name: Arai, K.
name: Araya, M. C.
name: Areeda, J. S.
name: Arene, M.
name: Arnaud, N.
name: Aronson, S. M.
name: Ascenzi, S.
name: Ashton, G.
name: Aston, S. M.
name: Astone, P.
name: Aubin, F.
name: Aufmuth, P.
name: AultONeal, K.
name: Austin, C.
name: Avendano, V.
name: Babak, S.
name: Bacon, P.
name: Badaracco, F.
name: Bader, M. K. M.
name: Bae, S.
name: Baer, A. M.
name: Baird, J.
name: Baldaccini, F.
name: Ballardin, G.
name: Ballmer, S. W.
name: Bals, A.
name: Balsamo, A.
name: Baltus, G.
name: Banagiri, S.
name: Bankar, D.
name: Bankar, R. S.
name: Barayoga, J. C.
name: Barbieri, C.
name: Barish, B. C.
name: Barker, D.
name: Barkett, K.
name: Barneo, P.
name: Barone, F.
name: Barr, B.
name: Barsotti, L.
name: Barsuglia, M.
name: Barta, D.
name: Bartlett, J.
name: Bartos, I.
name: Bassiri, R.
name: Basti, A.
name: Bawaj, M.
name: Bayley, J. C.
name: Bazzan, M.
name: Becsy, B.
name: Bejger, M.
name: Belahcene, I.
name: Bell, A. S.
name: Beniwal, D.
name: Benjamin, M. G.
name: Bentley, J. D.
name: Bergamin, F.
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name: Biscoveanu, S.
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Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from offline searches of Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) data for gamma-ray transients coincident with the compact binary coalescences observed by the gravitational-wave (GW) detectors Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo during their first and second observing runs. In particular, we perform follow-up for both confirmed events and low significance candidates reported in the LIGO/Virgo catalog GWTC-1. We search for temporal coincidences between these GW signals and GBM triggered gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). We also use the GBM Untargeted and Targeted subthreshold searches to find coincident gamma-rays below the on-board triggering threshold. This work implements a refined statistical approach by incorporating GW astrophysical source probabilities and GBM visibilities of LIGO/Virgo sky localizations to search for cumulative signatures of coincident subthreshold gamma-rays. All search methods recover the short gamma-ray burst GRB 170817A occurring ~1.7 s after the binary neutron star merger GW170817. We also present results from a new search seeking GBM counterparts to LIGO single-interferometer triggers. This search finds a candidate joint event, but given the nature of the GBM signal and localization, as well as the high joint false alarm rate of $1.1 \times 10^{-6}$ Hz, we do not consider it an astrophysical association. We find no additional coincidences.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ. 18 pages, 4 figures, 1 table