cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of Assignment of the somatic A/B compartments to chromatin domains in giant transcriptionally active lampbrush chromosomes
Creators: name: Krasikova, Alla
name: Kulikova, Tatiana
name: Rodriguez Ramos, Juan Sebastian
name: Maslova, Antonina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Distribution of A/B compartments along the chicken chromosomes 3, 5 and 6 in embryonic fibroblasts compared with the chromomeric pattern in the corresponding lampbrush chromosomes. Figure S2. Examples of constitutive B compartment regions in previously studied chicken cell types. Table S1. Genomic regions mapped on chicken lampbrush chromosomes and marked on the coordinate line on Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, Additional file 1: Figure S1, according to the chicken genome version 5 (galGal5). Table S2. The list of BAC clones containing fragments of chicken genomic DNA from the CHORI-261 library that were used as DNA-probes for FISH; coordinates are indicated according to the chicken genome version 5 (galGal5).
UniTE: Unified Translation Evaluation
Creators: name: Wan, Yu
name: Liu, Dayiheng
name: Yang, Baosong
name: Zhang, Haibo
name: Chen, Boxing
name: Wong, Derek F.
name: Chao, Lidia S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Translation quality evaluation plays a crucial role in machine translation. According to the input format, it is mainly separated into three tasks, i.e., reference-only, source-only and source-reference-combined. Recent methods, despite their promising results, are specifically designed and optimized on one of them. This limits the convenience of these methods, and overlooks the commonalities among tasks. In this paper, we propose UniTE, which is the first unified framework engaged with abilities to handle all three evaluation tasks. Concretely, we propose monotonic regional attention to control the interaction among input segments, and unified pretraining to better adapt multi-task learning. We testify our framework on WMT 2019 Metrics and WMT 2020 Quality Estimation benchmarks. Extensive analyses show that our \textit{single model} can universally surpass various state-of-the-art or winner methods across tasks. Both source code and associated models are available at https://github.com/NLP2CT/UniTE.
description: ACL2022
Kapitalmarktorientierte Bewertung, internationale Rechnungslegung und Entscheidungsnützlichkeit
Creators: name: Rzepka, Maximilian
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Income approach for valuation
subject: international financial reporting standards (IFRS)
subject: decision usefulness
subject: fair value
subject: intangible assets
subject: foreign exchange rate forecast
subject: Kapitalwertorientierte Bewertungsverfahren
subject: internationale Rechnungslegung
subject: Entscheidungsnützlichkeit
subject: Zweitwertbilanzierung
subject: Corporate Finance
subject: immaterielle Vermögenswerte
subject: Monte-Carlo-Simulation
subject: Wechselkursprognose
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::650 | Management

description: [no abstract]
Attention Mechanism with Energy-Friendly Operations
Creators: name: Wan, Yu
name: Yang, Baosong
name: Liu, Dayiheng
name: Xiao, Rong
name: Wong, Derek F.
name: Zhang, Haibo
name: Chen, Boxing
name: Chao, Lidia S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Attention mechanism has become the dominant module in natural language processing models. It is computationally intensive and depends on massive power-hungry multiplications. In this paper, we rethink variants of attention mechanism from the energy consumption aspects. After reaching the conclusion that the energy costs of several energy-friendly operations are far less than their multiplication counterparts, we build a novel attention model by replacing multiplications with either selective operations or additions. Empirical results on three machine translation tasks demonstrate that the proposed model, against the vanilla one, achieves competitable accuracy while saving 99\% and 66\% energy during alignment calculation and the whole attention procedure. Code is available at: https://github.com/NLP2CT/E-Att.
description: Findings@ACL2022
Elastic bounds for anisotropic layers
Creators: name: Vannucci, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The complete set of bounds for the technical constants of an elastic layer, plate or laminate is given. The bounds are valid in general, also for completely anisotropic bodies. They are obtained transforming the polar bounds previously found. These bounds complete the knowledge of classical elasticity at least in the two-dimensional case and are useful in several situations, e.g., for determining the correct feasibility domain in design problems or as necessary conditions for accepting the results of laboratory tests on anisotropic layers.
description: 11 pages, no figures, no tables
A Hamiltonian Dysthe equation for deep-water gravity waves with constant vorticity
Creators: name: Guyenne, Philippe
name: Kairzhan, Adilbek
name: Sulem, Catherine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 76B15, 35Q55

description: This paper is a study of the water wave problem in a two-dimensional domain of infinite depth in the presence of nonzero constant vorticity. A goal is to describe the effects of uniform shear flow on the modulation of weakly nonlinear quasi-monochromatic surface gravity waves. Starting from the Hamiltonian formulation of this problem and using techniques from Hamiltonian transformation theory, we derive a Hamiltonian Dysthe equation for the time evolution of the wave envelope. Consistent with previous studies, we observe that the uniform shear flow tends to enhance or weaken the modulational instability of Stokes waves depending on its direction and strength. Our method also provides a non-perturbative procedure to reconstruct the surface elevation from the wave envelope, based on the Birkhoff normal form transformation to eliminate all non-resonant triads. This model is tested against direct numerical simulations of the full Euler equations and against a related Dysthe equation recently derived by Curtis, Carter and Kalisch (J. Fluid Mech. 855, 2018) in the context of constant vorticity. Very good agreement is found for a range of values of the vorticity.
Optical analysis of spatially periodic patterns in nematic liquid crystals: diffraction and shadowgraphy
Creators: name: Pesch, Werner
name: Krekhov, Alexei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical methods are most convenient to analyze spatially periodic patterns with wavevector $\bm q$ in a thin layer of a nematic liquid crystal. In the standard experimental setup a beam of parallel light with a 'short' wavelength $λ\ll 2 π/q$ passes the nematic layer. Recording the transmitted light the patterns are either directly visualized by shadowgraphy or characterized more indirectly by the diffraction fringes due to the optical grating effects of the pattern. In this work we present a systematic short-wavelength analysis of these methods for the commonly used planar orientation of the optical axis of liquid crystal at the confining surfaces. Our approach covers general 3D experimental geometries with respect to the relative orientation of $\bm q$ and of the wavevector $\bm k$ of the incident light. In particular the importance of phase grating effects is emphasized, which are not accessible in a pure geometric optics approach. Finally, as a byproduct we present also an optical analysis of convection rolls in Rayleigh-Bénard convection, where the refraction index of the fluid is isotropic in contrast to its uniaxial symmetry in nematic liquid crystals. Our analysis is in excellent agreement with an earlier physical optics approach by Trainoff and Cannell [Physics of Fluids {\bf 14}, 1340 (2002)], which is restricted to a 2D geometry and technically much more demanding.
description: 22 pages
SPEChpc 2021 Benchmarks on Ice Lake and Sapphire Rapids Infiniband Clusters: A Performance and Energy Case Study
Creators: name: Afzal, Ayesha
name: Hager, Georg
name: Wellein, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work, fundamental performance, power, and energy characteristics of the full SPEChpc 2021 benchmark suite are assessed on two different clusters based on Intel Ice Lake and Sapphire Rapids CPUs using the MPI-only codes' variants. We use memory bandwidth, data volume, and scalability metrics in order to categorize the benchmarks and pinpoint relevant performance and scalability bottlenecks on the node and cluster levels. Common patterns such as memory bandwidth limitation, dominating communication and synchronization overhead, MPI serialization, superlinear scaling, and alignment issues could be identified, in isolation or in combination, showing that SPEChpc 2021 is representative of many HPC workloads. Power dissipation and energy measurements indicate that the modern Intel server CPUs have such a high idle power level that race-to-idle is the paramount strategy for energy to solution and energy-delay product minimization. On the chip level, only memory-bound code shows a clear advantage of Sapphire Rapids compared to Ice Lake in terms of energy to solution.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures; corrected links to system docs
Carrier-envelope phase effects on the strong-field photoemission of electrons from metallic nanostructures
Creators: name: Piglosiewicz, Bjoern
name: Schmidt, Slawa
name: Park, Doo Jae
name: Vogelsang, Jan
name: Gross, Petra
name: Manzoni, Cristian
name: Cerullo, Giulio
name: Lienau, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sharp metallic nanotapers irradiated with few-cycle laser pulses are emerging as a source of highly confined coherent electron wavepackets with attosecond duration and strong directivity. The possibility to steer, control or switch such electron wavepackets by light is expected to pave the way towards direct visualization of nanoplasmonic field dynamics and real-time probing of electron motion in solid state nanostructures. Such pulses can be generated by strong-field induced tunneling and acceleration of electrons in the near-field of sharp gold tapers within one half-cycle of the driving laser field. Here, we show the effect of the carrier-envelope phase of the laser field on the generation and motion of strong-field emitted electrons from such tips. This is a step forward towards controlling the coherent electron motion in and around metallic nanostructures on ultrashort length and time scales.
Probing low gravity gradient with LISA pathfinder
Creators: name: Korsakova, Natalia
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Bayessian data analysis
subject: alternative theories of gravity
subject: space-born gravitational wave detectors
subject: Bayessche Datenanalyse
subject: alternative Gravitationstheorien
subject: weltraumgebundene Gravitationswellendetektoren
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: [no abstract]
Dual Band Electrodes in Generator-Collector Mode: Simultaneous Measurement of Two Species
Creators: name: Barnes, Edward O.
name: Lewis, Grace E. M.
name: Dale, Sara E. C.
name: Marken, Frank
name: Compton, Richard G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A computational model for the simulation of a double band collector-generator experiment is applied to the situation where two electrochemical reactions occur concurrently. It is shown that chronoamperometric measurements can be used to take advantage of differences in diffusion coefficients to measure the concentrations of both electroactive species simultaneously, by measuring the time at which the collection efficiency reaches a specific value. The separation of the electrodes is shown to not affect the sensitivity of the method (in terms of percentage changes in the measured time to reach the specified collection efficiency), but wider gaps can provide a greater range of (larger) absolute values of this characteristic time. It is also shown that measuring the time taken to reach smaller collection efficiencies can allow for the detection of smaller amounts of whichever species diffuses faster. The case of a system containing both ascorbic acid and opamine in water is used to exemplify the method, and it is shown that mole fractions of ascorbic acid between 0.055 and 0.96 can, in principle, be accurately measured.
description: 34 pages, 8 figures
Der Einfluss arbuskulärer Mykorrhiza auf Euphorbia pulcherrima und Petunia x hybrida unter Kühlestress
Creators: name: Knopp, Johanna
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Arbuscular mycorrhiza
subject: chilling stress
subject: carbohydrate metabolism
subject: phytohormones
subject: transcriptome
subject: Arbuskuläre Mykorrhiza
subject: Kühlestress
subject: Kohlenhydrathaushalt
subject: Phytohormone
subject: Transkriptom
subject: Pythium ultimum
subject: Botrytis cinerea
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::630 | Landwirtschaft, Veterinärmedizin

description: [no abstract]
Exploring Accelerating Hairy Black Holes in $2+1$ Dimensions: The Asymptotically Locally Anti-de Sitter Class and its Holography
Creators: name: Cisterna, Adolfo
name: Diaz, Felipe
name: Mann, Robert B.
name: Oliva, Julio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the realm of lower-dimensional accelerating spacetimes, it is well-established that the presence of domain walls, which are co-dimension one topological defects, is a necessary condition for their construction. We expand the geometric framework by adding a conformally coupled scalar field. This endeavor leads to the identification of several new families of three-dimensional accelerating spacetimes with asymptotically locally anti-de Sitter (AdS) behavior. Notably, one of these solutions showcases a hairy generalization of the accelerating BTZ black hole. This solution is constructed at both slow and rapid phases of acceleration, and its connection with established vacuum spacetime models is explicitly elucidated. The inclusion of the scalar field imparts a non-constant Ricci curvature to the domain wall, thereby rendering these configurations particularly suitable for the construction of two-dimensional quantum black holes. To establish a well-posed variational principle in the presence of the domain wall, two essential steps are undertaken. First, we extend the conventional renormalized AdS$_3$ action to accommodate the presence of the scalar field. Second, to establish a well-posed variational principle, we extend the renormalized AdS$_3$ action to include the scalar field and incorporate the Gibbons--Hawking--York term for internal boundaries and domain wall tension. We engage in holographic computations, thereby determining the explicit form of the holographic stress tensor. In this context, the stress tensor can be expressed as that of a perfect fluid situated on a curved background. Additionally, it paves the road to ascertain the spacetime mass. Finally, we close by demonstrating the existence of three-dimensional accelerating spacetimes with asymptotically locally flat and asymptotically locally de Sitter geometries, particularly those embodying black holes.
description: 45 pages, 17 figures, 3 tables. Published version
The fast neutron induced fission of $^{240}$Pu and $^{242}$Pu
Creators: name: Pica, A.
name: Chemey, A. T.
name: Loveland, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the measurement of the TKE release in the fast neutron induced fission of $^{240}$Pu and $^{242}$Pu. The results are compared to the predictions of the GEF model, the CGMF model, and the model of Denisov and Sedykh as well as previous experimental work on these reactions. Our absolute measurements of the TKE release are in good agreement with the previous measurements of Nethaway \textit{et al.} for the interaction of 14.8 MeV neutrons with $^{240}$Pu \cite{Nethaway} and of Winkelmann and Aumann for the interaction of 15 MeV neutrons with $^{242}$Pu \cite{Winkelmann}. The general trends of the measured TKE values agree with phenomenological models but the variances of the TKE distributions are significantly less than predicted by various models. The mean post neutron emission TKE release decreases non- linearly with increasing neutron energy and can be represented as TKE(MeV) = 175.8 $\pm$ 0.3 - (2. 4 $\pm$ 0.8)log$_{10}$E$_n$ - (1.4 $\pm$0.4)log$_{10}$E$_{n}^2$ for $^{240}$Pu and TKE(MeV) = 177.1 $\pm$ 0.3 - (1.2 $\pm$ 0.9)log$_{10}$E$_n$ - (1.8 $\pm$0.5)log$_{10}$E$_{n}^2$ for $^{242}$Pu.
description: 46 pages, 17 figures
Novel magnetic ordering in LiYbO2 probed by muon spin relaxation
Creators: name: Kenney, Eric M.
name: Bordelon, Mitchell M.
name: Wang, Chennan
name: Luetkens, Hubertus
name: Wilson, Stephen D.
name: Graf, Michael J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stretched diamond lattice material LiYbO2 has recently been reported to exhibit two magnetic transitions ($T_{N1} = 1.1 K$, $T_{N2} = 0.45 K$) via specific heat, magnetization, and neutron scattering measurements [Bordelon et al., Phys. Rev. B 103, 014420 (2021)]. Here we report complementary magnetic measurements down to T = 0.28 K via the local probe technique of muon spin relaxation. While we observe a rapid increase in the zero-field muon depolarization rate at $T_{N1}$, we do not observe any spontaneous muon precession for $T < T_{N1}$, which is typically associated with long-range magnetic ordering. The depolarization rate in the ordered state shows a surprising sensitivity to magnetic fields applied along the initial spin polarization direction. Using a simple one-dimensional model, we show that these results are consistent with the unusual random-phase bipartite incommensurate magnetic structure proposed by Bordelon et al. for the intermediate temperature range $T_{N2} < T < T_{N1}$. We also find evidence for temperature-independent magnetic fluctuations persisting to our lowest temperatures, but no obvious signature of the transition or spontaneous muon precession at and below TN2, respectively. This result is suggestive of quantum dynamics within a highly degenerate ground state.
Spin-orbital correlations from complex orbital order in MgV$_{2}$O$_{4}$
Creators: name: Lane, H.
name: Sarte, P. M.
name: Guratinder, K.
name: Arevalo-Lopez, A. M.
name: Perry, R. S.
name: Hunter, E. C.
name: Weber, T.
name: Roessli, B.
name: Stunault, A.
name: Su, Y.
name: Ewings, R. A.
name: Wilson, S. D.
name: Böni, P.
name: Attfield, J. P.
name: Stock, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: MgV$_{2}$O$_{4}$ is a spinel based on magnetic V$^{3+}$ ions which host both spin ($S=1$) and orbital ($l_{eff}=1$) moments. Owing to the underlying pyrochlore coordination of the magnetic sites, the spins in MgV$_{2}$O$_{4}$ only antiferromagnetically order once the frustrating interactions imposed by the $Fd\overline{3}m$ lattice are broken through an orbitally-driven structural distortion at T$_{S}$ $\simeq$ 60 K. Consequently, a Néel transition occurs at T$_{N}$ $\simeq$ 40 K. Low temperature spatial ordering of the electronic orbitals is fundamental to both the structural and magnetic properties, however considerable discussion on whether it can be described by complex or real orbital ordering is ambiguous. We apply neutron spectroscopy to resolve the nature of the orbital ground state and characterize hysteretic spin-orbital correlations using x-ray and neutron diffraction. Neutron spectroscopy finds multiple excitation bands and we parameterize these in terms of a multi-level (or excitonic) theory based on the orbitally degenerate ground state. Meaningful for the orbital ground state, we report an "optical-like" mode at high energies that we attribute to a crystal-field-like excitation from the spin-orbital $j_{eff}$=2 ground state manifold to an excited $j_{eff}$=1 energy level. We parameterize the magnetic excitations in terms of a Hamiltonian with spin-orbit coupling and local crystalline electric field distortions resulting from deviations from perfect octahedra surrounding the V$^{3+}$ ions. We suggest that this provides compelling evidence for complex orbital order in MgV$_{2}$O$_{4}$. We then apply the consequences of this model to understand hysteretic effects in the magnetic diffuse scattering where we propose that MgV$_{2}$O$_{4}$ displays a high temperature orbital memory of the low temperature spin order.
description: 21 pages and 13 figures
On Link Availability Probability of Routing Protocols for Urban Scenario in VANETs
Creators: name: Kumar, S.
name: Javaid, N.
name: Yousuf, Z.
name: Kumar, H.
name: Khan, Z. A.
name: Qasim, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents the link availability probability. We evaluate and compare the link availability probability for routing protocols; Ad hoc On-demand Distance vector (AODV), Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) and Fisheye State Routing (FSR) for different number of connections and node density. A novel contribution of this work is enhancement in existing parameters of routing protocols; AODV, DSR and FSR as MOD-AODV, MOD-DSR and MOD-FSR. From the results, we observe that MOD-DSR and DSR outperform MOD-AODV, AODV, MODOLSR and OLSR in terms of Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), Average End-to End Delay (AE2ED), link availability probability at the cost of high value of Normalized Routing Overhead (NRO).
description: IEEE Conference on Open Systems (ICOS2012)", Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2012
Unsupervised Contrastive Learning based Transformer for Lung Nodule Detection
Creators: name: Niu, Chuang
name: Wang, Ge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Early detection of lung nodules with computed tomography (CT) is critical for the longer survival of lung cancer patients and better quality of life. Computer-aided detection/diagnosis (CAD) is proven valuable as a second or concurrent reader in this context. However, accurate detection of lung nodules remains a challenge for such CAD systems and even radiologists due to not only the variability in size, location, and appearance of lung nodules but also the complexity of lung structures. This leads to a high false-positive rate with CAD, compromising its clinical efficacy. Motivated by recent computer vision techniques, here we present a self-supervised region-based 3D transformer model to identify lung nodules among a set of candidate regions. Specifically, a 3D vision transformer (ViT) is developed that divides a CT image volume into a sequence of non-overlap cubes, extracts embedding features from each cube with an embedding layer, and analyzes all embedding features with a self-attention mechanism for the prediction. To effectively train the transformer model on a relatively small dataset, the region-based contrastive learning method is used to boost the performance by pre-training the 3D transformer with public CT images. Our experiments show that the proposed method can significantly improve the performance of lung nodule screening in comparison with the commonly used 3D convolutional neural networks.
Untersuchungen zur Renaturierung und Aufreinigung von BMP-2 und BMP-4 aus Escherichia coli
Creators: name: Krätzig, Matthias
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: BMP-2
subject: BMP-4
subject: E. coli
subject: Renaturierung
subject: renaturation
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::660 | Technische Chemie

description: [no abstract]
Variational solutions to fermion-to-qubit mappings in two spatial dimensions
Creators: name: Nys, Jannes
name: Carleo, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Through the introduction of auxiliary fermions, or an enlarged spin space, one can map local fermion Hamiltonians onto local spin Hamiltonians, at the expense of introducing a set of additional constraints. We present a variational Monte-Carlo framework to study fermionic systems through higher-dimensional (>1D) Jordan-Wigner transformations. We provide exact solutions to the parity and Gauss-law constraints that are encountered in bosonization procedures. We study the $t$-$V$ model in 2D and demonstrate how both the ground state and the low-energy excitation spectra can be retrieved in combination with neural network quantum state ansatze.
Investigating Two-zero Textures of Inverse Neutrino Mass Matrix under the Lamp Post of LMA and LMA-D Solutions and Symmetry Realization
Creators: name: Singh, Labh
name: Kashav, Monal
name: Verma, Surender
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we have investigated the phenomenological consequences of two-zero textures of \textit{inverse} neutrino mass matrix ($M_ν^{-1}$) in light of the large mixing angle (LMA) and large mixing angle-\textit{dark} (LMA-D) solutions, later of which originates if neutrinos exhibit non-standard interactions with matter. Out of fifteen possibilities, only seven two-zero textures of $M_ν^{-1}$ are found to be phenomenologically allowed under LMA and/or LMA-D descriptions. In particular, five textures are in consonance with both LMA and LMA-D solutions and are necessarily $CP$ violating while remaining two textures are found to be consistent with LMA solution only. The textures with vanishing (1, 1) element of $M_ν^{-1}$ are, in general, disallowed. All the textures allowed under LMA and LMA-D solutions follow the same neutrino mass hierarchy. Furthermore, textures with vanishing (2, 3) element of $M_ν^{-1}$ are found to be either disallowed or are consistent with LMA description only. We have, also, obtained the implication of the model for $0νββ$ decay amplitude $|M_{ee}|$. For most of the textures the calculated $3σ$ lower bound on $|M_{ee}|$ is $\mathcal{O}(10^{-2})$, which is within the sensitivity reach of $0νββ$ decay experiments. We have, also, proposed a flavor model based on discrete non-Abelian flavor group $A_4$ wherein such textures of $M_ν^{-1}$ can be realized within Type-I seesaw setting.
description: 23 pages, 10 captioned figures
The Fueling Diagram: Linking Galaxy Molecular-to-Atomic Gas Ratios to Interactions and Accretion
Creators: name: Stark, David V.
name: Kannappan, Sheila J.
name: Wei, Lisa H.
name: Baker, Andrew J.
name: Leroy, Adam K.
name: Eckert, Kathleen D.
name: Vogel, Stuart N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To assess how external factors such as local interactions and fresh gas accretion influence the global ISM of galaxies, we analyze the relationship between recent enhancements of central star formation and total molecular-to-atomic (H2/HI) gas ratios, using a broad sample of field galaxies spanning early-to-late type morphologies, stellar masses of 10^(7.2-11.2) Msun, and diverse stages of evolution. We find that galaxies occupy several loci in a "fueling diagram" that plots H2/HI vs. mass-corrected blue-centeredness, a metric tracing the degree to which galaxies have bluer centers than the average galaxy at their stellar mass. Spiral galaxies show a positive correlation between H2/HI and mass-corrected blue-centeredness. When combined with previous results linking mass-corrected blue-centeredness to external perturbations, this correlation suggests a link between local galaxy interactions and molecular gas inflow/replenishment. Intriguingly, E/S0 galaxies show a more complex picture: some follow the same correlation, some are quenched, and a distinct population of blue-sequence E/S0 galaxies (with masses below key transitions in gas richness) defines a separate loop in the fueling diagram. This population appears to be composed of low-mass merger remnants currently in late- or post-starburst states, in which the burst first consumes the H2 while the galaxy center keeps getting bluer, then exhausts the H2, at which point the burst population reddens as it ages. Multiple lines of evidence suggest connected evolutionary sequences in the fueling diagram. In particular, tracking total gas-to-stellar mass ratios within the diagram provides evidence of fresh gas accretion onto low-mass E/S0s emerging from central starbursts. Drawing on a comprehensive literature search, we suggest that virtually all galaxies follow the same evolutionary patterns found in our broad sample.
description: 24 pages, 11 figures (table 4 available at http://user.physics.unc.edu/~dstark/table4_csv.txt), accepted for publication in ApJ
Demo showing the usage of RELIANCE service for seasonal sea-ice forecasting.
Creators: Anne Fouilloux
Publisher: name: https://www.rohub.org
Year: 2022

description: Demonstration given during the webinar. This demo goes with the presentation (slides) and show how the original work was published s a paper in nature communications.  The code and data were available and Alejandro Coca-Castro re-used it to create an executable Research Object with a Jupyter Notebook. This Jupyter Notebook examplifies the use of IceNet (probabilistic deep learning to forecast sea-ice). This executable Research Object was forked and deviated work was created e.g. the Jupyter notebook was updated to make it more accessible to people that are not from the Climate community. We use B2DROP to store the new Jupyter notebook and the results to share while doing. Whenever we update the notebook or add figures, the corresponding Research Object is updated live on RoHub. We are now getting close to Open Science e.g. sharing while doing.
Optische Erfassung von Defekten mittels multiskaliger Mess- und Inspektionstechnik
Creators: name: Krauß, Moritz
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Multi-scale measurement
subject: inspection
subject: 3D measurement
subject: image processing
subject: Multiskale Messtechnik
subject: 6DOF
subject: Inspektion
subject: Lasertracker
subject: 3D Messtechnik
subject: Bildverarbeitung
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: [no abstract]
Tight and attainable quantum speed limit for open systems
Creators: name: Mai, Zi-yi
name: Yu, Chang-shui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop an intuitive geometric picture of quantum states, define a particular state distance, and derive a quantum speed limit (QSL) for open systems. Our QSL is attainable because any initial state can be driven to a final state by the particular dynamics along the geodesic. We present the general condition for dynamics along the geodesic for our QSL. As evidence, we consider the generalized amplitude damping dynamics and the dephasing dynamics to demonstrate the attainability. In addition, we also compare our QSL with others by strict analytic processes as well as numerical illustrations, and show our QSL is tight in many cases. It indicates that our work is significant in tightening the bound of evolution time.
Superconformal Generalization of the Chaotic Inflation Model λϕ^4/4 - ξ/ 2 ϕ^2 R
Creators: name: Kallosh, Renata
name: Linde, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A model of chaotic inflation based on the theory of a scalar field with potential λϕ^4 perfectly matches the observational data if one adds to it a tiny non-minimal coupling to gravity -ξ/2 ϕ^2 R with ξ> 0.002. We describe embedding of this model into the superconformal theory with spontaneous breaking of superconformal symmetry, and into supergravity. A model with small ξis technically natural: setting the small parameter ξto zero leads to a point of enhanced symmetry in the underlying superconformal theory.
description: 21 pages, 1 figure, references added
Trivial symmetries in a 3D topological torsion model of gravity
Creators: name: Banerjee, Rabin
name: Roy, Debraj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the gauge symmetries in a Mielke-Baekler type model of gravity in 2+1 dimensions. The model is built in a Poincare gauge theory framework where localisation of Poincare symmetries lead to gravity. However, explicit construction of gauge symmetries in the model through a Hamiltonian procedure yields an apparently different set of symmetries, as has been noted by various authors. Here, we show that the two sets of symmetries are actually equivalent in a canonical sense, their difference being just a set of trivial symmetries.
description: Based on a poster presented at COSGRAV-2012 (International Conference on Modern Perspectives of Cosmology and Gravitation), Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, India, February 7-11, 2012
Perfect tensor hyperthreads
Creators: name: Harper, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bit threads, a dual description of the Ryu-Takyanagi formula for holographic entanglement entropy (EE), can be interpreted as a distillation of the quantum information to a collection of Bell pairs between different boundary regions. In this article we discuss a generalization to hyperthreads which can connect more than two boundary regions leading to a rich and diverse class of convex programs. By modeling the contributions of different species of hyperthreads to the EEs of perfect tensors we argue that this framework may be useful for helping us to begin to probe the multipartite entanglement of holographic systems. Furthermore, we demonstrate how this technology can potentially be used to understand holographic entropy cone inequalities and may provide an avenue to address issues of locking.
description: 69 pages, 52 figures. v2: minor corrections, published version
Online Charge Measurement for Petawatt Laser-Driven Ion Acceleration
Creators: name: Geulig, Laura D.
name: Obst-Huebl, Lieselotte
name: Nakamura, Kei
name: Bin, Jianhui
name: Ji, Qing
name: Steinke, Sven
name: Snijders, Antoine
name: Mao, Jian-Hua
name: Blakely, Eleanor
name: Gonsalves, Anthony J.
name: Bulanov, Stepan S.
name: van Tilborg, Jeroen
name: Schroeder, Carl B.
name: Geddes, Cameron G. R.
name: Esarey, Eric
name: Roth, Markus
name: Schenkel, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Laser-driven ion beams have gained considerable attention for their potential use in multidisciplinary research and technology. Pre-clinical studies into their radiobiological effectiveness have established the prospect of using laser-driven ion beams for radiotherapy. In particular, research into the beneficial effects of ultra-high instantaneous dose rates is enabled by the high ion bunch charge and uniquely short bunch lengths present for laser-driven ion beams. Such studies require reliable, online dosimetry methods to monitor the bunch charge for every laser shot to ensure that the prescribed dose is accurately applied to the biological sample. In this paper we present the first successful use of an Integrating Current Transformer (ICT) for laser-driven ion accelerators. This is a non-invasive diagnostic to measure the charge of the accelerated ion bunch. It enables online dose measurements in radiobiological experiments and facilitates ion beam tuning, in particular, optimization of the laser ion source and alignment of the proton transport beamline. We present the ICT implementation and the correlation with other diagnostics such as radiochromic films, a Thomson parabola spectrometer and a scintillator.
Pressure-sensitive ion conduction in a conical channel: optimal pressure and geometry
Creators: name: Boon, Willem
name: Veenstra, Tim
name: Dijkstra, Marjolein
name: van Roij, René
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using both analytic and numerical analyses of the Poisson-Nernst-Planck equations we theoretically investigate the electric conductivity of a conical channel, which in accordance with recent experiments exhibits a strong non-linear pressure dependence. This mechanosensitive diodic behavior stems from the pressure-sensitive build-up or depletion of salt in the pore. From our analytic results we find that the optimal geometry for this diodic behavior strongly depends on the flow rate, the ideal ratio of tip-to-base-radii being equal to 0.22 at zero flow. With increased flow this optimal ratio becomes smaller and simultaneously the diodic performance becomes weaker. Consequently an optimal diode is obtained at zero-flow, which is realized by applying a pressure drop that is proportional to the applied potential and to the inverse square of the tip radius thereby countering electro-osmotic flow. When the applied pressure deviates from this ideal pressure drop the diodic performance falls sharply, explaining the dramatic mechanosensitivity observed in experiments.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, Supplementary Information: 7 pages, 6 figures
Fourier-Transform-Spektroskopie an zweiatomigen Molekülen gebildet aus Alkali- und/oder Erdalkaliatomen
Creators: name: Stein, Alexander
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fourier transform spectroscopy
subject: diatomic molecules
subject: deperturbation
subject: Fourier-Transform-Spektroskopie
subject: zweiatomige Moleküle
subject: Entstörung
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: [no abstract]
Sieversia montana Chaix
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: R. Chavini Rapin (R. montana Chaix ssp. Chavini R. Keller et Gams) Cat. 99. Bis 1700 m. 2:Lens (Besse). - 3: Nendaz und Umgebung (J., Besse, Gaillard); Veysonnaz (J.); Chippis-Niouc (Schröter); St-Luc (Mantz). Var. genuina (Rouy) (var. typica R. Keller) - l: Vernayaz-Salvan (J.); Umgebung von Salvan mehrfach (Favrat, Wilczek, J., Coquoz); Le Châtelard (Coquoz); Mont d'Ottan (F.); La Bâtiaz (Besse, P.); Haut d'Arbignon (Chenevard). - 2: Ayent (Besse, P.); Icogne (Besse); Susten- Leukerbad (Lehmann); Natersberg (Wolf). - 3: Bovernier (Delasoie, Favrat u. a.); Sembrancher (Gaillard); Val d'Entremont (Favrat, Wilczek, Guinet, Gaillard u. a.); Saxon (Paiche, Chenevard, Besse); Riddes (Besse); Iserables (Wolf); Nendaz (Besse, Gaillard); Aproz (Wolf); Beuson-Saclentse (Gaillard); Mayens-de-Sion (Wolf, Favrat); Val d'Herens (Favrat, Crepin u. a.); Vercorin (Bernoulli); Val d'Anniviers (Favrat, Crepin u. a.); Zeneggen (Stehler); Zermatt, bei Haueten, 1700 m (Bernoulli); Kapellenweg unter Saas-Fee (Hirschmann und Fuchs). - 3a: Gondoschlucht unterhalb des Forts (Becherer). Forma ellipsoidca (Rouy) - l: Bei Les Marecottes (Coquoz). - 3: Zeneggen (Stebler). Forma pycnadena Christ - 3: Kapellenweg unter Saas-Fee (Frau Egli-Baumann und Frl. A. Keller). Forma ovoidea (Rouy) - 2: Bei Leukerbad (Lehmann). - 3: Ob Orsieres (Bernoulli). Forma Favratii (R. Keller) - 3: Mont Clou bei Bovernier (Favrat); ob Orsieres (Bernoulli). Forma cuneata (Christ) - 3: Bovernier (Delasoie, Wolf u. a.); Bovernier-Sembrancher (Gaillard); Mayens-de-Sion (Wolf). Forma sembrancheriana (Delasoie) - l: Ob Salvan (Coquoz). - 3: Bovernier (Delasoie). Var. latibractea (Christ) R. Keller - 3: Bovernier (Delasoie); Vercorin (Bernoulli); Mattertal (Delasoie, Christ); Herbriggen-Randa (Christ); Randa-Wildi (Gaillard); Zermatt, bei Haueten, 1700 m (Bernoulli). Var. Gaillardü Christ - 3: Basse-Nendazund Saclentse im Val de Nendaz (Gaillard). Var.hispidissima (R. Keller) - 3: Iserables-Etablons (Wolf); Mayens-de-Sion (idem). Var. Schmidelyana (R. Keller) - 3: «Route d'Orsieres» (Schmidely).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
Additional file 1 of Longitudinal reallocations of time between 24-h movement behaviours and their associations with inflammation in children and adolescents: the UP&DOWN study
Creators: name: Segura-Jiménez, Víctor
name: Pedišić, Željko
name: Gába, Aleš
name: Dumuid, Dorothea
name: Olds, Timothy
name: Štefelová, Nikola
name: Hron, Karel
name: Gómez-Martínez, Sonia
name: Marcos, Ascensión
name: Castro-Piñero, José
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1
Maintaining the equipartition theorem in small heterogeneous molecular dynamics ensembles
Creators: name: Siboni, Nima H.
name: Raabe, Dierk
name: Varnik, Fathollah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been reported recently that the equipartition theorem is violated in molecular dynamics simulations with periodic boundary condition [Shirts et al, J. Chem. Phys. 125, 164102 (2006)]. This effect is associated with the conservation of the center of mass momentum. Here, we propose a fluctuating center of mass molecular dynamics approach (FCMMD) to solve this problem. Using the analogy to a system exchanging momentum with its surroundings, we work out --and validate via simulations-- an expression for the rate at which fluctuations shall be added to the system. The restoration of equipartition within the FCMMD is then shown both at equilibrium as well as beyond equilibrium in the linear response regime.
The effect of time delay for synchronisation suppression in neuronal networks
Creators: name: Hansen, Matheus
name: Protachevicz, Paulo R.
name: Iarosz, Kelly C.
name: Caldas, Ibere L.
name: Batista, Antonio M.
name: Macau, Elbert E. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the time delay in the synaptic conductance for suppression of spike synchronisation in a random network of Hodgkin Huxley neurons coupled by means of chemical synapses. In the first part, we examine in detail how the time delay acts over the network during the synchronised and desynchronised neuronal activities. We observe a relation between the neuronal dynamics and the syaptic conductance distributions. We find parameter values in which the time delay has high effectiveness in promoting the suppression of spike synchronisation. In the second part, we analyse how the delayed neuronal networks react when pulsed inputs with different profiles (periodic, random, and mixed) are applied on the neurons. We show the main parameters responsible for inducing or not synchronous neuronal oscillations in delayed networks.
Athermal fluctuations in three dimensional disordered crystals
Creators: name: Maharana, Roshan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study jammed near-crystalline materials composed of frictionless spheres in three dimensions. We analyze the fluctuations in positions and forces produced by small polydispersity in particle sizes. We generalize a recently developed perturbation expansion about the crystalline ordered state to three dimensional systems. This allows us to exactly predict changes in positions and forces as a response to the changes in particle radii. We show that fluctuations in forces orthogonal to the lattice directions are highly constrained as compared to the fluctuations along lattice directions. Additionally, we analyze the correlations in the displacement fields produced by the microscopic disorder, which we show displays long ranged behaviour.
description: 25 pages, 9 figures
Zink(II)-Imidazolat-Gerüste mit 4,5-disubstituierten Brückenliganden : Untersuchungen zur Bildung metastabiler Phasen und deren Charakterisierung
Creators: name: Springer, Sergej
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks
subject: nanocrystals
subject: hierarchically porous nanomaterials
subject: polymorphism
subject: linker disorder
subject: framework flexibility
subject: Zeolithische Imidazolat-Gerüste
subject: Nanokristalle
subject: hierarchisch poröse Nanomaterialien
subject: Polymorphie
subject: Linkerfehlordnung
subject: Gerüstflexibilität
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: [no abstract]
Superconformal generalizations of the Starobinsky model
Creators: name: Kallosh, Renata
name: Linde, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find a way to represent the Starobinsky model in terms of a simple conformally invariant theory with spontaneous symmetry breaking. We also present a superconformal theory, which, upon spontaneous breaking of the superconformal symmetry, provides a consistent supergravity generalization of the Starobinsky model.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure, references added