cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Functional Heterogeneity of Immune Complexes in Epidermolysis Bullosa Acquisita
Creators: name: Briggaman, Robert A.
name: Gammon, W. Ray
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1987

description: Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita is an inflammatory subepidermal bullous disease characterized by circulating and tissue-bound complement-binding anti-basement membrane zone autoantibodies to type VII procollagen. Lesions are characterized by neutrophil-predominant inflammation in some patients, but not in others. These features suggest complement activation and generation of complement-derived chemotactic factors for leukocytes by basement membrane zone immune complexes may contribute to inflammation, but that complexes may be heterogeneous in the ability to express that function. In this study, we measured the ability of basement membrane zone complexes from patients with (n = 4) and without (n = 6) neutrophil predominant inflammation to activate complement and generate complement-derived chemotactic activity using a complement-dependent neutrophil attachment assay. The results showed considerable heterogeneity in neutrophil attachment among EBA patients and that both the incidence (4/4 vs 2/6) and magnitude (81 +/- 34 vs 12 +/- 10 neutrophils/mm basement membrane zone) of attachment were greater in patients with neutrophil-predominant inflammation. Functional heterogeneity appeared to be due to differences in the amounts of complement-activating complexes formed at the basement membrane zone, which in turn appeared to be due to differences in the availability of circulating complement-binding anti-basement membrane zone antibodies. This was suggested by a positive correlation (r = 0.72, p less than 0.01) between neutrophil attachment and complement-binding anti-basement membrane zone antibody titers and the observation that high levels of neutrophil attachment could be generated in skin from patients with epidermolysis bullosa acquisita who did not have neutrophil-predominant inflammation by treating their skin in vitro with complement-binding anti-basement membrane zone antibodies. These results suggest tissue complexes in epidermolysis bullosa acquisita are heterogeneous in the ability to activate complement and generate complement-derived chemotactins (C5a, C5a des arg), and that functional heterogeneity contributes to histologic heterogeneity. The functional immunologic-pathologic correlations observed in this study suggest epidermolysis bullosa acquisita is an autoimmune "collagen" disease.
Theoretical wind clumping predictions from 2D LDI models of O-star winds at different metallicities
Creators: name: Driessen, F. A.
name: Sundqvist, J. O.
name: Dagore, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hot, massive (OB) stars experience strong line-driven stellar winds and mass loss. As the majority of efficient driving lines are metallic, the amount of wind driving and mass loss is dependent on the stellar metallicity Z. In addition, line-driven winds are intrinsically inhomogeneous and clumpy. However, to date, neither theoretical nor empirical studies of line-driven winds have investigated how such wind clumping may also depend on Z. We theoretically investigated the degree of wind clumping due to the line-deshadowing instability (LDI) as a function of Z. We performed two-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations of the LDI with an assumed one-dimensional radiation line force for a grid of O-star wind models with fixed luminosity, but with different metal contents by varying the accumulative line strength Qbar describing the total ensemble of driving lines. We find that, for this fixed luminosity, the amount of wind clumping decreases with metallicity. The decrease is clearly seen in the statistical properties of our simulations, but is nonetheless rather weak; a simple power-law fit for the dependence of the clumping factor f_cl = /^2 on metallicity yields f_cl ~ Z^(0.15 +/- 0.01). This implies that empirically derived power-law dependencies of mass-loss rate Mdot on metallicity -- which were previously inferred from spectral diagnostics effectively depending on Mdot*sqrt(f_cl) but without having any constraints on f_cl(Z) -- should be only modestly altered by clumping. We expect that this prediction can be directly tested using new data from the Hubble Space Telescope Ultraviolet Legacy Library of Young Stars as Essential Standards (ULLYSES) project.
description: accepted for publication in A&A
Neonatal Foreskin Substrate Has Limitations for the Immunofluorescent Screening of Monoclonal Antibodies
Creators: name: Ernst, Therese
name: Briggaman, Robert
name: Falk, Ronald
name: Woodley, David
name: Gammon, W. Ray
name: Ogden, Nancy
name: Reese, Melinda
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1987

description: Two monoclonal antibodies to type IV collagen showed a marked decrease in the labeling of the dermal-epidermal junction of neonatal foreskin while the basement membrane around dermal blood vessels was brightly stained. In contrast, these antibodies labeled the junction and dermal blood vessels with approximately equal intensity when adult skin of nonforeskin site was used as substrate. Other antibodies to matrix molecules (bullous pemphigoid antigen, epidermolysis bullosa acquisita antigen, and laminin) showed excellent staining of both the dermal-epidermal junction and dermal blood vessels in both neonatal foreskin and adult skin. Further, the ultrastructural appearance of the substrates appeared identical. The implication is that neonatal foreskin is not a good substrate to use for the routine screening of monoclonal antibodies to matrix components by indirect immunofluorescence since a "false negative" evaluation may occur.
Characterization of the new Ultracold Neutron beamline at the LANL UCN facility
Creators: name: Wong, D. K. -T.
name: Hassan, M. T.
name: Burdine, J. F.
name: Chupp, T. E.
name: Clayton, S. M.
name: Cude-Woods, C.
name: Currie, S. A.
name: Ito, T. M.
name: Liu, C. -Y.
name: Makela, M.
name: Morris, C. L.
name: O'Shaughnessy, C. M.
name: Reid, A.
name: Sachdeva, N.
name: Uhrich, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The neutron electric dipole moment (nEDM) experiment that is currently being developed at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) will use ultracold neutrons (UCN) and Ramsey's method of separated oscillatory fields to search for a nEDM. In this paper, we present measurements of UCN storage and UCN transport performed during the commissioning of a new beamline at the LANL UCN source and demonstrate a sufficient number of stored polarized UCN to achieve a statistical uncertainty of $δd_n = 2\times 10^{-27}$~$e\cdot\text{cm}$ in 5 calendar years of running. We also present an analytical model describing data that provides a simple parameterization of the input UCN energy spectrum on the new beamline.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures
The Folded Pneumatic Artificial Muscle (foldPAM): Towards Programmability and Control via End Geometry
Creators: name: Wang, Sicheng
name: Miranda, Eugenio Frias
name: Blumenschein, Laura H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Soft pneumatic actuators have seen applications in many soft robotic systems, and their pressure-driven nature presents unique challenges and opportunities for controlling their motion. In this work, we present a new concept: designing and controlling pneumatic actuators via end geometry. We demonstrate a novel actuator class, named the folded Pneumatic Artificial Muscle (foldPAM), which features a thin-filmed air pouch that is symmetrically folded on each side. Varying the folded portion of the actuator changes the end constraints and, hence, the force-strain relationships. We investigated this change experimentally by measuring the force-strain relationship of individual foldPAM units with various lengths and amounts of folding. In addition to static-geometry units, an actuated foldPAM device was designed to produce continuous, on-demand adjustment of the end geometry, enabling closed-loop position control while maintaining constant pressure. Experiments with the device indicate that geometry control allows access to different areas on the force-strain plane and that closed-loop geometry control can achieve errors within 0.5% of the actuation range.
description: Manuscript accepted by IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters, available on IEEE Xplore
Microbial Enterotypes in Personalized Nutrition for Improving Metabolic Health:  A Proof-of-Concept Study
Creators: name: Müller, Mattea
name: Bartsch, Madeline
name: Berkemeyer, Shoma
name: Woltemate, Sabrina
name: Vital, Marius
name: Hahn, Andreas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Poster presentation given by Mattea Müller at the 14th European Nutrition Conference in November 2023.
(100222) Thomas Parry
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
N$^3$LO+N$^3$LL QCD improved Higgs pair cross sections
Creators: name: Ajjath, A. H.
name: Shao, Hua-Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a new calculation of the soft-gluon threshold resummation for the Higgs boson pair production in the dominant production mode -- gluon-gluon fusion -- up to the next-to-next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic (N$^3$LL) accuracy. After matching N$^3$LL to the next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order (N$^3$LO) QCD calculation in the infinite top quark mass approximation, we show that the central values of the inclusive cross sections are quite stable with respect to N$^3$LO, while the conventional renormalisation and factorisation scale uncertainties are reduced by a factor of two, reaching to the subpercent level. Our study further consolidates the good asymptotic perturbative convergence. After combining with the full top-quark mass dependent next-to-leading order QCD results, our most advanced predictions are presented for both the inclusive total cross sections and the differential invariant mass distributions of the Higgs pair.
description: 40 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables. v2: journal version (minor corrections wrt v1)
Open Fintech, blockchain and cryptocurrencies - The future of Open Finance
Creators: name: Cullina, Eoin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: open finance
blockchain
open scholarship
Distributed ledger technologies

description: Introductory slides for the Open Scholarship Cafe on 2 July 2020 by Dr Eoin Cullina. The topic was "Open Fintech, blockchain and cryptocurrencies - The future of Open Finance". The talk was organised by the Open Scholarship Community Galway (OSCG). The slides cover the following topics: 1. Open Finance
 2. Traditional financial systems
 3. The advent of cryptocurrencies
 4. Distributed ledger technologies
 5. DeFi and the future
 6. Challenges The talk can be viewed at https://nuigalway.mediaspace.kaltura.com/media/Open+Scholarship+CafeA+Open+Finance+%282+July+2020%29/1_l83dc24f/121659351. A related blog post can be found at http://osc-galway.ie/os-cafe-open-finances/.
How the Higgs potential got its shape
Creators: name: Mund, Jens
name: Rehren, Karl-Henning
name: Schroer, Bert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: String-localized quantum field theory allows renormalizable couplings involving massive vector bosons, without invoking negative-norm states and compensating ghosts. We analyze the most general coupling of a massive vector boson to a scalar field, and find that the scalar field necessarily comes with a quartic potential which has the precise shape of the shifted Higgs potential. In other words: the shape of the Higgs potential has not to be assumed, but arises as a consistency condition among fundamental principles of QFT: Hilbert space, causality, and covariance. The consistency can be achieved by relaxing the localization properties of auxiliary quantities, including interacting charged fields, while observable fields and the S-matrix are not affected. This is an instance of the "L-V formalism" - a novel model-independent scheme that can be used as a tool to "renormalize the non-renormalizable" by adding a total derivative to the interaction.
description: 31 pages. v2: 33 pages, comments on relation to BRST, general presentation improved, references added
Paraxial Sharp-Edge Diffraction: A General Computational Approach
Creators: name: Borghi, Riccardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A general reformulation of classical sharp-edge diffraction theory is proposed within paraxial approximation. The, not so much known, Poincaré vector potential construction is employed directly inside Fresnel's 2D integral in order for it to be converted into a single 1D contour integral over the aperture boundary. Differently from the recently developed paraxial revisitation of BDW's theory, such approach can be applied to arbitrary wavefield distributions impinging onto arbitrarily shaped sharp-edge planar apertures. A couple of interesting examples of application of the proposed method is presented.
(100224) Henry John Hollier
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Enhanced superconductivity and moderate spin fluctuations suppressed at low energies in heavily electron-doped La1111-based superconductor
Creators: name: Kouchi, T.
name: Nishioka, S.
name: Suzuki, K.
name: Yashima, M.
name: Mukuda, H.
name: Kawashima, T.
name: Tsuji, H.
name: Kuroki, K.
name: Miyasaka, S.
name: Tajima, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To elucidate the origin of re-enhanced high-$T_c$ phase in the heavily electron-doped Fe-pnictides, systematic $^{75}$As NMR studies are performed on heavily electron-doped LaFe$Pn$O$_{0.75}$H$_{0.25}$ by controlling the pnictogen height ($h_{Pn}$) from the Fe plane through the substitution at $Pn$(=As) site with Sb or P. The measurements of nuclear spin relaxation rate (1/$T_1$) and Knight shift ($K$) reveal that the moderate spin fluctuations at high temperatures are suppressed toward low temperatures. Such characteristic spin fluctuations with gap like feature at low energies are more enlarged in higher $T_c$ compounds with higher $h_{Pn}$, while those are totally suppressed in non-superconducting compounds with lower $h_{Pn}$. This implies that the contribution of the finite energy part in the spin fluctuation spectrum is crucial for enhancing $T_c$ in the heavily electron-doped regime. This is in contrast to many cases of typical Fe-based compounds with hole and electron Fermi surfaces of similar sizes, where the spin fluctuations at low energies develop significantly at low temperatures. The features in the heavily electron-doped states are discussed in relation with the characteristics of the faint hole Fermi surface derived from $d_{xy}$ orbital that rises when $h_{Pn}$ is high, together with the enhanced electron correlation effects.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
Ultra Long-Term Cosmology and Astrophysics
Creators: name: Scherrer, Robert J.
name: Loeb, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine astronomical observations that would be achievable over a future timeline corresponding to the documented history of human civilization so far, $\sim 10^4$ years. We examine implications for measurements of the redshift drift, evolution of the CMB, and cosmic parallax. A number of events that are rare on the scale of centuries will become easily observable on a timescale $\sim 10^4$ years. Implications for several measurements related to gravity are discussed.
description: 4 pages, no figures, references updated and typos corrected
Production of Fibronectin by Epithelium in a Skin Equivalent
Creators: name: O'Keefe, Edward
name: Briggaman, Robert
name: Falk, Ronald
name: Gammon, W. Ray
name: Woodley, David
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1987

description: Although human keratinocytes in vitro have been shown to produce fibronectin, whether keratinocytes can contribute fibronectin to the dermal-epidermal junction or wound matrix is unknown. In order to approach this problem experimentally, we used the "skin equivalent" model composed of a native collagen gel populated with cultured fibroblasts and covered by cultured keratinocytes. By using bovine fibroblasts to populate the gel, fetal bovine serum in the culture medium, and human keratinocytes to form the epithelium, we were able to be certain that any human fibronectin produced in the culture was synthesized by the keratinocytes. A monoclonal antibody to fibronectin was found to recognize human but not bovine fibronectin. When the skin equivalent was stained by indirect immunofluorescence with antifibronectin, fibronectin was visible as an intensely staining band at the dermal-epidermal junction. In sections in which the dermis and epidermis had separated, the staining was usually limited to the dermal aspect of the skin equivalent. The results indicate that epithelium can contribute fibronectin to the dermal-epidermal junction and suggest that dermal staining in skin sections may originate from the epidermis. Since the developing skin equivalent has a rapidly growing epithelium and simulates a healing wound, contribution of fibronectin by the epithelium, in addition to that possibly contributed by serum and dermal fibroblasts, may be of importance in wound healing.
(100218) Walter Herbert
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The Relationship Between the Dust and Gas-Phase CO Across the California Molecular Cloud
Creators: name: Kong, S.
name: Lada, C. J.
name: Lada, E. A.
name: Román-Zúñiga, C.
name: Bieging, J. H.
name: Lombardi, M.
name: Forbrich, J.
name: Alves, J. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A deep, wide-field, near-infrared imaging survey was used to construct an extinction map of the southeastern part of the California Molecular Cloud (CMC) with $\sim$ 0.5 arc min resolution. The same region was also surveyed in the $^{12}$CO(2-1), $^{13}$CO(2-1), C$^{18}$O(2-1) emission lines at the same angular resolution. Strong spatial variations in the abundances of $^{13}$CO and C$^{18}$O were found to be correlated with variations in gas temperature, consistent with temperature dependent CO depletion/desorption on dust grains. The $^{13}$CO to C$^{18}$O abundance ratio was found to increase with decreasing extinction, suggesting selective photodissociation of C$^{18}$O by the ambient UV radiation field. The cloud averaged X-factor is found to be $$ $=$ 2.53 $\times$ 10$^{20}$ ${\rm cm}^{-2}~({\rm K~km~s}^{-1})^{-1}$, somewhat higher than the Milky Way average. On sub-parsec scales we find no single empirical value of the X-factor that can characterize the molecular gas in cold (T$_{\rm k}$ $\lesssim$ 15 K) regions, with X$_{\rm CO}$ $\propto$ A$_{\rm V}$$^{0.74}$ for A$_{\rm V}$ $\gtrsim$ 3 magnitudes. However in regions containing relatively hot (T$_{\rm ex}$ $\gtrsim$ 25 K) gas we find a clear correlation between W($^{12}$CO) and A$_{\rm V}$ over a large (3 $\lesssim$ A$_{\rm V}$ $\lesssim$ 25 mag) extinction range. This suggests a constant X$_{\rm CO}$ $=$ 1.5 $\times$ 10$^{20}$ ${\rm cm}^{-2}~({\rm K~km~s}^{-1})^{-1}$ for the hot gas, a lower value than either the average for the CMC or Milky Way. We find a correlation between X$_{\rm CO}$ and T$_{\rm ex}$ with X$_{\rm CO}$ $\propto$ T$_{\rm ex}$$^{-0.7}$ suggesting that the global X-factor of a cloud may depend on the relative amounts of hot gas within it.
description: 21 pages, 17 figures, accepted by ApJ
(100219) Matthew Hirst
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The Age and Interior Rotation of Stars from Asteroseismology
Creators: name: Aerts, Conny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a status report on the determination of stellar ages from asteroseismology for stars of various masses and evolutionary stages. The ability to deduce the ages of stars with a relative precision of typically 10 to 20% is a unique opportunity for stellar evolution and also of great value for both galactic and exoplanet studies. Further, a major uncalibrated ingredient that makes stellar evolution models uncertain, is the stellar interior rotation frequency $Ω(r)$ and its evolution during stellar life. We summarize the recent achievements in the derivation of $Ω(r)$ for different types stars, offering stringent observational constraints on theoretical models. Core-to-envelope rotation rates during the red giant stage are far lower than theoretical predictions, pointing towards the need to include new physical ingredients that allow strong and efficient coupling between the core and the envelope in the models of low-mass stars in the evolutionary phase prior to the core helium burning. Stars are subject to efficient mixing phenomena, even at low rotation rates. Young massive stars with seismically determined interior rotation frequency reveal low core-to-envelope rotation values.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, to appear in Astronomische Nachrichten/Astronomical Notes
Unveiling trade-offs in resource selection of migratory caribou using a mechanistic movement model of availability
Creators: name: Guillaume, Bastille-Rousseau; Jonathan R., Potts; James A., Schaefer; Mark A., Lewis; Hance E., Ellington; Nathaniel D., Rayl; Shane P., Mahoney; Dennis L., Murray
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Libraries
Year: 2015

Abstract
Super-Resolution for Selfie Biometrics: Introduction and Application to Face and Iris
Creators: name: Alonso-Fernandez, Fernando
name: Farrugia, Reuben A.
name: Fierrez, Julian
name: Bigun, Josef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The lack of resolution has a negative impact on the performance of image-based biometrics. Many applications which are becoming ubiquitous in mobile devices do not operate in a controlled environment, and their performance significantly drops due to the lack of pixel resolution. While many generic super-resolution techniques have been studied to restore low-resolution images for biometrics, the results obtained are not always as desired. Those generic methods are usually aimed to enhance the visual appearance of the scene. However, producing an overall visual enhancement of biometric images does not necessarily correlate with a better recognition performance. Such techniques are designed to restore generic images and therefore do not exploit the specific structure found in biometric images (e.g. iris or faces), which causes the solution to be sub-optimal. For this reason, super-resolution techniques have to be adapted for the particularities of images from a specific biometric modality. In recent years, there has been an increased interest in the application of super-resolution to different biometric modalities, such as face iris, gait or fingerprint. This chapter presents an overview of recent advances in super-resolution reconstruction of face and iris images, which are the two prevalent modalities in selfie biometrics. We also provide experimental results using several state-of-the-art reconstruction algorithms, demonstrating the benefits of using super-resolution to improve the quality of face and iris images prior to classification. In the reported experiments, we study the application of super-resolution to face and iris images captured in the visible range, using experimental setups that represent well the selfie biometrics scenario.
description: Published at Springer book on "Selfie Biometrics" (A Rattani, R. Derakhshani, A. Ross, Eds.), pp. 105-128, Springer 2019, ISBN 978-3-030-26972-2
Constraints on $Z'$ solutions to the flavor anomalies with trans-Planckian asymptotic safety
Creators: name: Chikkaballi, Abhishek
name: Kotlarski, Wojciech
name: Kowalska, Kamila
name: Rizzo, Daniele
name: Sessolo, Enrico Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the flavor anomalies in $b \to s$ transitions, we embed minimal models with a $Z'$ gauge boson, vector-like fermions, and a singlet scalar in the framework of trans-Planckian asymptotic safety. The presence of a fixed point in the renormalization group flow of the models' parameters leads to predictions for the $γ/Z'$ kinetic mixing, the New Physics Yukawa couplings, and the quartic couplings of the scalar potential. We derive the constraint on the kinetic mixing from the most recent high-mass dilepton resonance searches at the LHC, showing that this bound is often inescapable in this framework, unless the U(1) charges conspire to forbid the radiative generation of kinetic mixing. In the latter case, the parameter space consistent with the flavor anomalies can still be probed in depth by direct LHC searches for heavy vector-like quarks and leptons. We derive the current exclusion bounds and projections for future high-luminosity runs.
description: 42 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables. Added Appendix D on an asymptotically safe extension with dark matter and neutrino masses. Matches published version
title: The role of shame and self-compassion in the relationship between childhood social/relational bullying and disordered eating
Creators: name: Bellows, Lindsay Ann
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Year: 2021

description: Objective: Social and relational bullying (SRB) have been found to be associated with disordered eating, perhaps due to the heightened shame resulting from perceived social inferiority, low social rank, and/or negative evaluations from others. Self-compassion, a potential antidote to heightened shame, may act as a protective factor against the impact of SRB on disordered eating and shame. The current study aimed to address literature gaps by examining h ow SRB is related to disordered eating in emerging adulthood, whether this relationship is mediated by heightened shame, and whether self-compassion moderates the relationship between SRB and shame/disordered eating. Method: Participants (359 emerging adult undergraduate students aged 17-25) completed online self-report measures of recalled bullying and current disordered eating, shame, and self-compassion. Correlation coefficients between variables were generated and an advanced mediation model was used to determine whether self-compassion moderated the direct and indirect relationships between SRB and disordered eating, as mediated by shame. Results: SRB victimization was positively related to shame and disordered eating and negatively related to self-compassion in young adulthood with small-to-medium effect sizes. The association between SRB and disordered eating in adulthood was partially mediated by shame. Self-compassion did not moderate the relationship between SRB and disordered eating but it did moderate the path from SRB to shame. Conclusions: Childhood SRB is a significant predictor of disordered eating in emerging adulthood, partially through increased shame. Self-compassion m ay act as a buffer of the relationship between SRB and shame. Implications for clinical settings a nd anti-bullying awareness and prevention programs are discussed.
(100221) Charlotte Hirst
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Fault Detection and Localization in Active Distribution Networks using Optimally Placed Phasor Measurements Units
Creators: name: Conte, Francesco
name: D'Agostino, Fabio
name: Gabriele, Bruno
name: Schiapparelli, Giacomo-Piero
name: Silvestro, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper introduces an algorithm able to detect and localize the occurrance of a fault in an Active Distribution Network, using the measurements collected by Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs). First, a basic algorithm that works under the assumption that all grid buses are equipped with a PMU is designed. Then, formal observability conditions that allow detection and localization with a reduced number of PMUs are provided. Based on these conditions, the algorithm is extended to perform correctly when not all network buses are monitored. Moreover, an Optimal Positioning Algorithm, always based on the observability conditions, is designed. This algorithm allows the user to customize the fault localization resolution. The approach is validated through simulations carried out on a benchmark active distribution network.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2104.07211
Evolving morphology of resolved stellar Einstein rings
Creators: name: Turyshev, Slava G.
name: Toth, Viktor T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider strong gravitational lensing by nearby stars. Using our wave-optical treatment of lensing phenomena, we study Einstein rings that may form around nearby stellar lenses. It is remarkable that these rings are bright and large enough to be detected and resolved by existing instruments. Such lensing events have durations of hours or days, with peak light amplification lasting for several minutes. Many such events may be predicted using the Gaia astrometric catalogue. Serendipitous discoveries are also possible. Fortuitous alignments can be used to confirm or discover and study exoplanets. For lenses that have dense stellar regions in their background, these events may occur several time a year, warranting their continuous or recurrent monitoring. Resolved imaging and spectroscopy of the evolving morphology of an Einstein ring offers knowledge about both the lens and the source. The angular size of the Einstein ring amounts to a direct measurement of the lens mass. The changing orientation of the major and minor images of the source offers astrometric information related to the mutual orientation of the objects. The event duration, when the full ring is present, helps to determine the source's size. The sky position of planetary lensing events constrains the planet's orbit. Spectroscopy of the ring allows for direct investigations of the source. The frequency and predictability of these events and the wealth of information that can be obtained by imaging motivate observational campaigns using existing facilities and/or construction of new instruments dedicated to the search and study of Einstein rings that are forming around nearby stars. As a specific example, we consider a predicted 2028 lensing of a red giant by $α$ Centauri A and discuss the relevant science campaign.
description: 26 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables
Absence of Specific Histologic Changes in Guinea Pig Skin Treated With Bullous Pemphigoid Antibodies
Creators: name: Gammon, W. Ray
name: Briggaman, Robert A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1988

description: Previous studies have reported that intradermal injections of bullous pemphigoid antibodies into guinea pigs can reproduce the histologic and immunohistologic features of bullous pemphigoid lesions. In this study we examined this model to determine its reproducibility and suitability for testing other types of anti-BMZ antibodies. Twenty guinea pigs were injected intradermally with 0.1, 0.3, or 0.5 ml of either bullous pemphigoid serum or IgG fraction containing high-titer complement-binding anti-BMZ antibodies or an equivalent volume of normal human serum or IgG fraction as control. Sites were biopsied at intervals after injection and were examined by routine histology and direct immunofluorescence. The results showed (a) no difference in the incidence of dermal epidermal separation or type of inflammation in experimental and control sites; (b) no evidence of an eosinophil-rich inflammatory reaction typical of bullous pemphigoid; (c) an absence of linear BMZ deposits of IgG and complement in the majority of sites injected with bullous pemphigoid antibodies; and (d) no correlation between dermal-epidermal separation and deposition of immune reactants at the BMZ. These results suggest the histologic changes seen in guinea pigs that are administered intradermal injections of bullous pemphigoid antibodies are nonspecific and that the model is not suitable for testing the pathogenicity of anti-BMZ antibodies in sera or IgG fractions.
(100216) Walter William Herbert
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Light-harvesting enhanced by quantum ratchet states
Creators: name: Werren, Nicholas
name: Brown, William M.
name: Gauger, Erik M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider bio-inspired ring systems as photovoltaic circuits to explore the advantage of `optical ratcheting', a process whereby the arrangement of coupled optical dipoles enables delocalised excitonic states that are protected against radiative decay whilst permitting the absorption of further photons. We explore how the performance of a ratcheting antenna scales with system size when excitons are incoherently or coherently extracted from the antenna to an associated trap site. In both instances we also move to the polaron frame in order to more closely model realistic systems where the coupling to vibrational modes can generally be assumed to be strong. We find a multifaceted and nuanced dependence of the predicted performance on an interplay between geometrical arrangement, extraction mechanism, and vibrational coupling strength. Certain regimes support substantial performance improvements in the power extracted per site.
description: 20 pages, 15 figures
(100217) Susannah Lee
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Synthesis of Cu@Fur-SBA-15 as a novel efficient and heterogeneous catalyst for promoting A3-coupling under green and mild reaction conditions
Creators: name: Heravi, Majid Mommahed
name: Samaheh Sadjadi
name: Ebrahimizadeh, Maryam
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 30302 Nanochemistry and Supramolecular Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30502 Natural Products Chemistry
subject: 30205 Non-metal Chemistry
subject: Nuclear Chemistry
subject: 30303 Optical Properties of Materials
subject: 30503 Organic Chemical Synthesis
subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: 30599 Organic Chemistry not elsewhere classified

description: A novel and heterogeneous catalyst, Cu@Fur-SBA-15, was designed and synthesized through multi-functionalization of Cl-SBA-15 with thiosemicarbazide and furfural and immobilization of copper species. The hybrid system was then fully characterized by using SEM/EDX, XRD, BET, ICP-AES, TGA and FTIR and applied as a heterogeneous catalyst for promoting three-component A3-coupling reaction of alkyne, aldehyde and amine under solvent-free condition at ambient temperature. The results indicated excellent catalytic activity of the catalyst which was superior to many of previously reported protocols. Notably, the catalyst was reusable and could be recovered and reused up to four reaction runs. The hot filtration test and ICP-AES analysis confirmed negligible copper leaching, indicating heterogeneous nature of the catalysis. The analysis of the reused catalyst established the stability of the catalyst upon reusing up to four reaction run. Broad substrate scope, simple work-up procedure and short reaction times are other advantageous of this mild and green protocol
Investigating the collinear splitting effects of boosted dark matter at neutrino detectors
Creators: name: Li, Jinmian
name: Pei, Junle
name: Zhang, Cong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the probing prospects of cosmic ray boosted dark matter (DM) in the framework of simplified electron-philic dark photon model. Focusing on the dark matter and dark photon masses around keV $\sim $ MeV scale, we consider the bounds obtained from the XENON1T and Super-K experiments. The electron bound state effects are treated carefully in calculating the XENON1T constraint. As for the detection at neutrino detector where the energy threshold is relatively higher, the large logarithmic effects induced by the scale hierarchy between the masses and momentum transfer are considered by introducing the DM parton distribution function (PDF). The logarithmic effects will reduce the electron recoil rate for DM scattering in neutrino detectors. Moreover, we find the DUNE and JUNO experiments provide high sensitivities for probing the dark photon component in the DM PDF through the dark Compton process. We also check the Bullet Cluster constraint on the DM self-scattering cross section.
description: 27 pages, 7 figures, version to appear in JHEP
A pesquisa qualitativa e o uso de CAQDAS na análise textual: levantamento de uma década
Creators: name: Paula, Marlubia Corrêa De
name: Viali, Lori
name: Guimarães, Gleny Terezinha Duro
Publisher: name: Internet Latent Corpus Journal
Year: 2016

description: Este artigo apresenta a ampliação de um trabalho apresentado ao 5º CIAIQ (Congresso Ibero-Americado em Investigação Qualitativa), que analisou o resultado de uma busca realizada nos portais PBTD/IBCT com o objetivo de verificar quais os CAQDAS (Computer Assisted Qualitative Data Analysis Software) têm sido utilizados como recursos para agilizar e aprofundar as análises textuais realizadas em pesquisas qualitativas, na última década. Quanto aos aspectos metodológicos, trata-se de um estudo de cunho qualitativo, bibliográfico e documental, conforme Minayo(2013). Para a apresentação dos trinta e um trabalhos selecionados (28 dissertações, 3 teses), dentre os duzentos encontrados por meio de palavras-chave, foi utilizado o Mapeamento proposto por Biembengut (2008). Conclui-se que predominaram trabalhos na área de educação, no formato de dissertações elaboradas em universidades federais, envolvendo o uso de Atlas.ti, seguido de NVivo. O modo de análise predominante foi a AC (Análise de Conteúdo).
description: Internet Latent Corpus Journal, Vol 6 No 2 (2016)
Unsupervised Anomaly and Change Detection with Multivariate Gaussianization
Creators: name: Padrón-Hidalgo, José A.
name: Laparra, Valero
name: Camps-Valls, Gustau
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Anomaly detection is a field of intense research. Identifying low probability events in data/images is a challenging problem given the high-dimensionality of the data, especially when no (or little) information about the anomaly is available a priori. While plenty of methods are available, the vast majority of them do not scale well to large datasets and require the choice of some (very often critical) hyperparameters. Therefore, unsupervised and computationally efficient detection methods become strictly necessary. We propose an unsupervised method for detecting anomalies and changes in remote sensing images by means of a multivariate Gaussianization methodology that allows to estimate multivariate densities accurately, a long-standing problem in statistics and machine learning. The methodology transforms arbitrarily complex multivariate data into a multivariate Gaussian distribution. Since the transformation is differentiable, by applying the change of variables formula one can estimate the probability at any point of the original domain. The assumption is straightforward: pixels with low estimated probability are considered anomalies. Our method can describe any multivariate distribution, makes an efficient use of memory and computational resources, and is parameter-free. We show the efficiency of the method in experiments involving both anomaly detection and change detection in different remote sensing image sets. Results show that our approach outperforms other linear and nonlinear methods in terms of detection power in both anomaly and change detection scenarios, showing robustness and scalability to dimensionality and sample sizes.
Analogue quantum gravity in hyperbolic metamaterials
Creators: name: Smolyaninov, Igor I.
name: Smolyaninova, Vera N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that extraordinary photons in hyperbolic metamaterials may be described as living in an effective Minkowski spacetime, which is defined by the peculiar form of the strongly anisotropic dielectric tensor in these metamaterials. Here we demonstrate that within the scope of this approximation the sound waves in hyperbolic metamaterials look similar to gravitational waves, and therefore the quantized sound waves (phonons) look similar to gravitons. Such an analogue model of quantum gravity looks especially interesting near the phase transitions in hyperbolic metamaterials where it becomes possible to switch quantum gravity effects on and off as a function of metamaterial temperature. We also predict strong enhancement of sonoluminescence in ferrofluid based hyperbolic metamaterials, which looks analogous to particle creation in strong gravitational fields.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures. This paper is accepted for publication in the special issue of Universe on Quantum Gravity Phenomenology