cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Identifying sinks and sources of human flows: A new approach to characterizing urban structures
Creators: name: Aoki, Takaaki
name: Fujishima, Shota
name: Fujiwara, Naoya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Human flow data are rich behavioral data relevant to people's decision-making regarding where to live, work, go shopping, etc., and provide vital information for identifying city centers. However, it is not as easy to understand massive relational data, and datasets have often been reduced merely to the statistics of trip counts at destinations, discarding relational information from origin to destination. In this study, we propose an alternative center identification method based on human mobility data. This method extracts the scalar potential field of human trips based on combinatorial Hodge theory. It detects not only statistically significant attractive locations as the sinks of human trips but also significant origins as the sources of trips. As a case study, we identify the sinks and sources of commuting and shopping trips in the Tokyo metropolitan area. This aim-specific analysis leads to a combinatorial classification of city centers based on the distinct aspects of human mobility. The proposed method can be applied to other mobility datasets with relevant properties and helps us examine the complex spatial structures in contemporary metropolitan areas from the multiple perspectives of human mobility.
An Adaptive and Robust Deep Learning Framework for THz Ultra-Massive MIMO Channel Estimation
Creators: name: Yu, Wentao
name: Shen, Yifei
name: He, Hengtao
name: Yu, Xianghao
name: Song, Shenghui
name: Zhang, Jun
name: Letaief, Khaled B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Terahertz ultra-massive MIMO (THz UM-MIMO) is envisioned as one of the key enablers of 6G wireless networks, for which channel estimation is highly challenging. Traditional analytical estimation methods are no longer effective, as the enlarged array aperture and the small wavelength result in a mixture of far-field and near-field paths, constituting a hybrid-field channel. Deep learning (DL)-based methods, despite the competitive performance, generally lack theoretical guarantees and scale poorly with the size of the array. In this paper, we propose a general DL framework for THz UM-MIMO channel estimation, which leverages existing iterative channel estimators and is with provable guarantees. Each iteration is implemented by a fixed point network (FPN), consisting of a closed-form linear estimator and a DL-based non-linear estimator. The proposed method perfectly matches the THz UM-MIMO channel estimation due to several unique advantages. First, the complexity is low and adaptive. It enjoys provable linear convergence with a low per-iteration cost and monotonically increasing accuracy, which enables an adaptive accuracy-complexity tradeoff. Second, it is robust to practical distribution shifts and can directly generalize to a variety of heavily out-of-distribution scenarios with almost no performance loss, which is suitable for the complicated THz channel conditions. For practical usage, the proposed framework is further extended to wideband THz UM-MIMO systems with beam squint effect. Theoretical analysis and extensive simulation results are provided to illustrate the advantages over the state-of-the-art methods in estimation accuracy, convergence rate, complexity, and robustness.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures, 5 tables, accepted by IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing (JSTSP)
Microlensing effects of wormholes associated to blackhole spacetimes
Creators: name: Gao, Ke
name: Liu, Lei-Hua
name: Zhu, Mian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate the microlensing effects of wormholes associated to black hole spacetimes. Specifically, we work on three typical wormholes (WH): Schwarzschild WH, Kerr WH, and RN WH, as well as their blackhole correspondences. We evaluate the deflection angle upon the second order under weak field approximation using Gauss-Bonnet theorem. Then, we study their magnification with numerics.We find that a Kerr WH could lead to multi peaks in the magnification with certain parameters in the prograde case, while a Kerr BH predicts one peak. Therefore, the multi-peak feature of can be used to distinguish the Kerr WH from other compact objects. We also find that the magnification of RN BH will be one peak compared to RN WH, in which the magnification of RN WH is negative in some situations. For other cases, the behavior of magnification from wormholes and their corresponding blackholes is similar. Our result may shed new light on exploring compact objects through the microlensing effect.
description: Match the publication version
Anthropic Bounds on Lambda from the No-Boundary Quantum State
Creators: name: Hartle, James
name: Hertog, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that anthropic selection emerges inevitably in the general framework for prediction in quantum cosmology. There the predictions of anthropic reasoning depend on the prior implied by the universe's quantum state. To illustrate this we compute the probabilities specified by the no-boundary wave function for our observations at the present time of the values of Lambda and Q in an inflationary landscape model in which both quantities vary. Within the anthropic range of values the no-boundary state yields an approximately flat distribution on Lambda and strongly favors small values of Q. This restores Weinberg's successful prediction of Lambda.
description: 24 pages, four figures, revtex4, references corrected, minor corrections comments
Entanglement and thermokinetic uncertainty relations in coherent mesoscopic transport
Creators: name: Prech, Kacper
name: Johansson, Philip
name: Nyholm, Elias
name: Landi, Gabriel T.
name: Verdozzi, Claudio
name: Samuelsson, Peter
name: Potts, Patrick P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A deeper understanding of the differences between quantum and classical dynamics promises great potential for emerging technologies. Nevertheless, some aspects remain poorly understood, particularly concerning the role of quantum coherence in open quantum systems. On the one hand, coherence leads to entanglement and even nonlocality. On the other, it may lead to a suppression of fluctuations, causing violations of thermo-kinetic uncertainty relations (TUR and KUR) that are valid for classical processes. These represent two different manifestations of coherence, one depending only on the state of the system (static) and one depending on two-time correlation functions (dynamical). Here we employ these manifestations of coherence to determine when mesoscopic quantum transport can be captured by a classical model based on stochastic jumps, and when such a model breaks down, implying nonclassical behavior. To this end, we focus on a minimal model of a double quantum dot coupled to two thermal reservoirs. In this system, quantum tunneling induces Rabi oscillations and results in both entanglement and nonlocality, as well as TUR and KUR violations. These effects, which describe the breakdown of a classical description, are accompanied by a peak in coherence. Our results provide guiding principles for the design of out-of-equilibrium devices that exhibit nonclassical behavior.
Double Quiver Gauge Theory and BPS/CFT Correspondence
Creators: name: Kimura, Taro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We provide a formalism using the $q$-Cartan matrix to compute the instanton partition function of quiver gauge theory on various manifolds. Applying this formalism to eight dimensional setups, we introduce the notion of double quiver gauge theory characterized by a pair of quivers. We also explore the BPS/CFT correspondence in eight dimensions based on the $q$-Cartan matrix formalism.
Paths to gravitation via the gauging of parameterized field theories
Creators: name: Koivisto, Tomi S
name: Zlosnik, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In special-relativistic physics, spacetime is imbued with a fixed, non-dynamical metric tensor. A path to gravitational theory is to promote this tensor to a genuine dynamical field. An alternative description of special-relativistic physics involves no fixed geometry but instead the inclusion of scalar fields $X^{I}(x^μ)$ which dynamically may take the form of inertial coordinates in spacetime. This suggests an alternative approach to gravity where the invariance of actions under global Poincaré transformations of $X^{I}$ is promoted to either a local Poincaré or local Lorentz symmetry via the introduction of gauge fields. Points of commonality and departure of the resulting gravitational theories as compared to General Relativity are discussed. It is shown that the model based on local Lorentz symmetry is an extension of General Relativity that can introduce a standard of time into the dynamics of the gravitational field and allows for spacetimes described by a Minkowski metric or flat Euclidean signature metric despite the gravitational gauge field possessing non-zero curvature.
description: Citations and content added
Magnetic Moments of Negative Parity Baryons from Effective Hamiltonian Approach to QCD
Creators: name: Narodetskii, I. M.
name: Trusov, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic moments of $S_{11}(1535)$ and $S_{11}(1650)$ baryons are studied in the framework of the relativistic three-quark Hamiltonian derived in the Field Correlation Method. The baryon magnetic moments are expressed via the average current quark energies which are defined by the fundamental QCD parameters: the string tension $σ$, the quark masses, and the strong coupling constant $α_s$. For the $J^P=1/2^+$ baryon octet the approach was shown to give a good first approximation to the experimental moments. Resulting magnetic moments for the $J^P=1/2^-$ nucleons are compared both to model calculations and to those from lattice QCD.
description: published version
On the surface chemisorption of oxidizing fine iron particles: insights gained from molecular dynamics simulations
Creators: name: Thijs, L. C
name: Kritikos, E.
name: Giusti, A.
name: Ramaekers, W. J. S
name: van Oijen, J. A.
name: de Goey, L. P. H
name: Mi, X. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are performed to investigate the thermal and mass accommodation coefficients (TAC and MAC, respectively) for the combination of iron(-oxide) and air. The obtained values of TAC and MAC are then used in a point-particle Knudsen model to investigate the effect of chemisorption and the Knudsen transition regime on the combustion behavior of (fine) iron particles. The thermal accommodation for the interactions of $\mathrm{Fe}$ with $\mathrm{N_2}$ and $\mathrm{Fe_xO_y}$ with $\mathrm{O_2}$ is investigated for different surface temperatures, while the mass accommodation coefficient for iron(-oxide) with oxygen is investigated for different initial oxidation stages $Z_\mathrm{O}$, which represents the molar ratio of $\mathrm{O}/\left(\mathrm{O} + \mathrm{Fe}\right)$, and different surface temperatures. The MAC decreases fast from unity to 0.03 as $Z_\mathrm{O}$ increases from 0 to 0.5 and then diminishes as $Z_\mathrm{O}$ further increases to 0.57. By incorporating the MD-informed accommodation coefficients into the single iron particle combustion model,a new temperature evolution for single iron particles is observed compared to results obtained with previously developed continuum models. Specifically, results of the present simulations show that the oxidation process continues after the particle reaching the peak temperature, while previous models predicting that the maximum temperature was attained when the particle is oxidized to $Z_\mathrm{O} = 0.5$. Since the rate of oxidation slows down as the MAC decreases with an increasing oxidation stage, the rate of heat loss exceeds the rate of heat release upon reaching the maximum temperature, while the particle is not yet oxidized to $Z_\mathrm{O} = 0.5$. Finally, the effect of transition-regime heat and mass transfer on the combustion behavior of fine iron particles is investigated and discussed.
Le rôle des usages des sols dans la lutte contre le changement climatique et la préservation de la biodiversité en France
Creators: name: Chakir, Raja
name: Chakir, Raja
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2020
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Les sols ont été soumis à des pressions sans précédent au cours des dernières décennies, sous l’effet conjugué de la croissance de la population et de la demande alimentaire et énergétique. Selon le concept de Rockström et al. (2009), le changement climatique, l’érosion de la biodiversité, et les changements d’utilisation des sols font partie des quatre limites planétaires déjà franchies (Steffen et al., 2015). Franchir ces seuils signifie que des changements brusques peuvent affecter l’environnement de manière catastrophique. En plus de constituer une limite planétaire déjà franchie, les sols se situent au cœur de grands enjeux environnementaux (disponibilité en eau de qualité, préservation de la biodiversité, sécurité alimentaire, lutte contre le changement climatique, etc.). Les recherches menées à INRAE sur ce thème combinent des travaux méthodologiques sur la modélisation économétrique des usages des sols en tenant compte de l’autocorrélation spatiale et des travaux empiriques sur les liens entre usages des sols et environnement (climat et biodiversité).
Simplicity Bias Leads to Amplified Performance Disparities
Creators: name: Bell, Samuel J.
name: Sagun, Levent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Which parts of a dataset will a given model find difficult? Recent work has shown that SGD-trained models have a bias towards simplicity, leading them to prioritize learning a majority class, or to rely upon harmful spurious correlations. Here, we show that the preference for "easy" runs far deeper: A model may prioritize any class or group of the dataset that it finds simple-at the expense of what it finds complex-as measured by performance difference on the test set. When subsets with different levels of complexity align with demographic groups, we term this difficulty disparity, a phenomenon that occurs even with balanced datasets that lack group/label associations. We show how difficulty disparity is a model-dependent quantity, and is further amplified in commonly-used models as selected by typical average performance scores. We quantify an amplification factor across a range of settings in order to compare disparity of different models on a fixed dataset. Finally, we present two real-world examples of difficulty amplification in action, resulting in worse-than-expected performance disparities between groups even when using a balanced dataset. The existence of such disparities in balanced datasets demonstrates that merely balancing sample sizes of groups is not sufficient to ensure unbiased performance. We hope this work presents a step towards measurable understanding of the role of model bias as it interacts with the structure of data, and call for additional model-dependent mitigation methods to be deployed alongside dataset audits.
description: In 2023 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency (FAccT '23). ACM
Constraining Non-minimal Dark Sector Scenarios with the COHERENT Neutrino Scattering Data
Creators: name: Elpe, A.
name: Akyumuk, E.
name: Aliev, T. M.
name: Selbuz, L.
name: Turan, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Abelian dark sector scenarios embedded into the two-Higgs doublet model are scrutinized within the Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering (CE$ν$NS) experiment, which was first measured by the COHERENT Collaboration in 2017 with an ongoing effort to improve it since then and recently released data for the CsI target in 2022. In the theoretical framework, it is assumed that there is a $U(1)$ gauge group in the dark sector with a non-zero kinetic mixing with the hypercharge field. The COHERENT data for the targets CsI and liquid argon (LAr) are treated in both single and multi bin bases to constrain the multi dimensional parameter space, spanned by the dark gauge coupling, kinetic mixing parameter and the dark photon mass, of totally seven different representative scenarios which are also compared and contrasted among each other to find out about the most sensitive one to the data. The effect of refined quenching factor is also addressed.
description: 29 pages, 3 tables, 7 figures (one figure added), new references included, discussion extended, matching the journal version
Hyosciurus Archbold and Tate 1935
Creators: name: Hoffmann, Robert S.
name: Anderson, Charles G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Sciuridae
Hyosciurus

description: Hyosciurus Archbold and Tate, 1935. Am. Mus. Novit., 801:2. TYPE SPECIES: Hyosciurus heinrichi Tate and Archbold, 1935. COMMENTS: Tribe Callosciurini (Moore, 1959:174).
description: Published as part of Robert S. Hoffmann & Charles G. Anderson, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Sciuridae, pp. 419-465 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 429, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353130
description: {"references": ["Tate, G. H. H., and R. Archbold. 1935. Results of the Archbold Expeditions. No. 3. Twelve apparently new forms of Muridae other than Rattus from the Indo-Australian region. American Museum Novitates, 803: 1 - 9.", "Moore, J. C. 1959. Relationships among the living squirrels of the Sciurinae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 118 (4): 157 - 206."]}
Propagation of UHECRs in the Universe
Creators: name: Batista, Rafael Alves
name: Schiffer, Peter
name: Sigl, Guenter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin, propagation, and mechanisms of acceleration of the ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) are not yet well understood. Aiming for a better interpretation of the available experimental data, these data have to be confronted with theoretical models. A realistic simulation of the propagation of UHECRs in the universe should take into account all the relevant energy loss processes due to the interaction with astrophysical backgrounds, as well as the intervening cosmic magnetic fields. Cosmological effects, such as the redshift dependence of the photon backgrounds and the adiabatic expansion of the universe can play an important role in the aforementioned processes. Here we present results of simulations of the propagation of UHECR through the large scale structure of the universe considering cosmological and magnetic field effects simultaneously.
description: Proceedings of RICAP 2013; 4 pages, 5 figures
The effect of modified dispersion relations on the thermodynamics of Schwarzschild black hole surrounded by quintessence
Creators: name: Hamil, B.
name: Lütfüoğlu, B. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: G.0
subject: 83C57

description: In this manuscript, we investigate the effects of a modified dispersion relation on the thermodynamics of Schwarzschild black hole surrounded by the quintessence matter. We find that the MDR-correction states the same lower bound on the horizon, while the quintessence matter specifies the upper bound to the horizon depending on the state parameter. Due to MDR-correction and quintessence matter presence, we observe modifications in equation of state and specific heat functions of black hole. We show that a remnant can occur according to quintessence matter, and the black hole's stability depends only on the modified dispersion relation.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures
Spin-$2$ operators in AdS$_2$/CFT$_1$
Creators: name: Rigatos, Konstantinos C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study spin-2 fluctuations around an infinite family of warped backgrounds of the form $\text{AdS}_2 \times \text{S}^2 \times \text{T}^4 \times \text{S}^1 \times \mathcal{I}_ρ$ in the type IIB theory, which possesses $\mathcal{N}=4$ supersymmetry. We find that there exists a special set of solutions which is independent of the background data; the minimal universal class. This particular class of solutions corresponds to operators with scaling dimension $Δ= \ell + 1$, with $\ell$ being the quantum number of the angular-momentum on the $\text{S}^2$. Using the mode solutions of these spin-2 states, we compute the central charge of the dual field theories. We comment on the relation of our results to the seed $\text{AdS}_3 \times \text{S}^2 \times \text{T}^4 \times \mathcal{I}_ρ$ backgrounds.
description: v1: 22 pages, 1 brane scan, 1 quiver diagram, v2: added references, v3: added references and discussion, v4: published version
Exchange interactions in iron and nickel: DFT+DMFT study in paramagnetic phase
Creators: name: Katanin, A. A.
name: Belozerov, A. S.
name: Lichtenstein, A. I.
name: Katsnelson, M. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze possible ways to calculate magnetic exchange interactions within the density functional theory plus dynamical mean-field theory (DFT+DMFT) approach in the paramagnetic phase. Using the susceptibilities obtained within the ladder DMFT approach together with the random phase approximation result for the Heisenberg model, we obtain bilinear exchange interactions. We show that the earlier obtained result of Stepanov et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 037204 (2018); Phys. Rev. B 105, 155151 (2022)] corresponds to considering individual magnetic moments in each orbital in the leading-order approximation in the non-local correlations. We consider a more general approach and apply it to evaluate the effective magnetic parameters of iron and nickel. We show that the analysis, based on the inverse orbital-summed susceptibilities, yields reasonable results for both, weak and strong magnets. For iron we find, in the low-temperature limit, the exchange interaction $J_0\simeq 0.20$ eV, while for nickel we obtain $J_0\simeq 1.2$ eV. The considered method also allows one to describe the spin-wave dispersion at temperatures $T\sim T_C$, which is in agreement with the experimental data.
description: 10+3 pages, 6+5 figures
E-Rulemaking & Democracy: Examining Public: Examining Public Comment Participation from Individuals on the 2016 Broadband Privacy Order
Creators: name: Seddon, James
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2021

description: While the transition to e-rulemaking has doubtlessly increased the quantity of individual public participation in the notice and comment process, the benefits that proponents claimed the move to e-rulemaking would bring — heightened public understanding and an enhancement of the democratic process — have arguably failed to materialize. Through the use of a novel dataset constructed from the 2016 Federal Communications Commission’s Broadband Privacy Order docket, Census block group level demographics data, and FCC broadband accessibility data, this paper furthers the existing literature on individual participation in public comment by examining three key questions: what sorts of individuals participate, how individuals choose to participate, and what interest group organizations motivate individuals to participate (if any). Through the use of these data and comparisons to the population by the use of a public poll and voter file data, the paper finds evidence in contrast to the existing literature that, when controlling for other demographic variables, women are no more likely to submit mass comments than men, and that non-white individuals are more likely to participate more and oppose the Order than white individuals. The paper additionally finds evidence that those with broadband are more likely to oppose the Order than those without, as well as that Republicans are more likely to participate, submit comments more frequently, and submit mass comments than non Republicans on the Order.
Digitale Lehre im Rahmen der Grundausbildung in MINT-Fächern an Hochschulen : Tagungsband 2023
Creators: name: Liebscher, Eckhard
name: Hübl, Reinhold
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Digitale Lehre
subject: MINT-Fächer
subject: 378

description: Im September 2023 fand der zweite Workshop zur digitalen Lehre in den MINT-Fächern in Berlin statt. Damit wurde die 2022 begonnene Reihe von Workshops, auf denen die Kolleginnen und Kollegen neueste Entwicklungen und Erkenntnisse zur digitalen Lehre in den Grundlagenfächern präsentieren, fortgesetzt. ... Einige der auf dem Workshop im Jahr 2023 in Berlin gehaltenen Vorträge sind nun mit diesem Tagungsband in gedruckter Form zugänglich.
BPHZ renormalization and its application to non-commutative field theory
Creators: name: Blaschke, Daniel N.
name: Gieres, Francois
name: Heindl, Franz
name: Schweda, Manfred
name: Wohlgenannt, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent work a modified BPHZ scheme has been introduced and applied to one-loop Feynman graphs in non-commutative phi^4-theory. In the present paper, we first review the BPHZ method and then we apply the modified BPHZ scheme as well as Zimmermann's forest formula to the sunrise graph, i.e. a typical higher-loop graph involving overlapping divergences. Furthermore, we show that the application of the modified BPHZ scheme to the IR-singularities appearing in non-planar graphs (UV/IR mixing problem) leads to the introduction of a 1/p^2 term and thereby to a renormalizable model. Finally, we address the application of this approach to gauge field theories.
description: 27 pages, 4 figures; v2 references added, to appear in EPJC
Betriebliche Arbeitszeitpolitiken: Exploration in ausgewählten Frauen- und Männerbranchen Ost- und Westdeutschlands
Creators: name: Holtmann, Doris
name: Matiaske, Wenzel
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der HSU / UniBwH
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Arbeitszeit
subject: Arbeitszeitpolitik
subject: Arbeitszeitgestaltung
subject: 330 Wirtschaft

description: Die Vereinbarkeit von Arbeits- und Privatleben ist ebenso Gegenstand öffentlicher Diskussion wie politischer Debatte. Eine vernachlässigte Ebene sind in diesen Auseinan- dersetzungen die Arbeitszeitpolitiken der Betriebe, die in Frauen- und Männerbranchen der gemeinsamen Leitlinie „Flexibilisierung“ zum Trotz sehr unterschiedlich gestaltet sind. Eine wichtige Rolle spielen in diesem Zusammenhang Tarifverträge und ihre Aus- gestaltung auf betrieblicher Ebene durch die Mitbestimmung. Die tarifliche Deckungsrate variiert ebenso wie diejenige der betrieblichen Mitbestimmung erheblich zwischen den östlichen und westlichen Bundesländern. Auf Basis standardisierter Befragungen von Personalleitungen zu Instrumenten der Arbeitszeitgestaltung einerseits und Fallstudien zur Arbeitszeitpolitik in ausgewählten Branchen andererseits exploriert die Studie Arbeitszeitregime in Frauen- und Männerbranchen in Ost- und Westdeutschland.
Quantum corrections to extremal black brane solutions
Creators: name: Barisch-Dick, Susanne
name: Cardoso, Gabriel Lopes
name: Haack, Michael
name: Veliz-Osorio, Alvaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss quantum corrections to extremal black brane solutions in N=2 U(1) gauged supergravity in four dimensions. We consider modifications due to a certain class of higher-derivative terms as well as perturbative corrections to the prepotential. We use the entropy function formalism to assess the impact of these corrections on singular brane solutions and we give a few examples. We then use first-order flow equations to construct solutions that interpolate between quantum corrected fixed points of the associated potentials.
description: 30 pages, 10 figures; v2: references added, as well as a discussion about how to obtain the attractor equations by extremizing an effective potential, coincides with published version
Intermittent relaxation and avalanches in extremely persistent active matter
Creators: name: Keta, Yann-Edwin
name: Mandal, Rituparno
name: Sollich, Peter
name: Jack, Robert L.
name: Berthier, Ludovic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use numerical simulations to study the dynamics of dense assemblies of self-propelled particles in the limit of extremely large, but finite, persistence times. In this limit, the system evolves intermittently between mechanical equilibria where active forces balance interparticle interactions. We develop an efficient numerical strategy allowing us to resolve the statistical properties of elastic and plastic relaxation events caused by activity-driven fluctuations. The system relaxes via a succession of scale-free elastic events and broadly distributed plastic events that both depend on the system size. Correlations between plastic events lead to emergent dynamic facilitation and heterogeneous relaxation dynamics. Our results show that dynamical behaviour in extremely persistent active systems is qualitatively similar to that of sheared amorphous solids, yet with some important differences.
description: Authors' accepted version for publication in Soft Matter
Dynamical analysis of anisotropic scalar-field cosmologies for a wide range of potentials
Creators: name: Fadragas, Carlos R.
name: Leon, Genly
name: Saridakis, Emmanuel N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a detailed dynamical analysis of anisotropic scalar-field cosmologies, and in particular of the most significant Kantowski-Sachs, Locally Rotationally Symmetric (LRS) Bianchi I and LRS Bianchi III cases. We follow the new and powerful method of $f$-devisers, which allows us to perform the whole analysis for a wide range of potentials. Thus, one can just substitute the specific potential form in the final results and obtain the corresponding behavior, without the need of new calculations. We find a very rich behavior, and amongst others the universe can result in isotropized solutions with observables in agreement with observations, such as de Sitter, quintessence-like, or stiff-dark energy solutions. In particular, all expanding, accelerating, stable attractors are isotropic. Additionally, we prove that as long as matter obeys the null energy condition, bounce behavior is impossible. Finally, applying the general results to the well-studied exponential and power-law potentials, we find that some of the general stable solutions disappear. This feature may be an indication that such simple potentials might restrict the dynamics in scalar-field cosmology, opening the way to the introduction of more complicated ones.
description: 48 pages, 5 captioned figures. New sections have been added. Version published at Class. Quant. Grav
Neutrino Masses
Creators: name: Weinheimer, Christian
name: Zuber, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The various experiments on neutrino oscillation evidenced that neutrinos have indeed non-zero masses but cannot tell us the absolute neutrino mass scale. This scale of neutrino masses is very important for understanding the evolution and the structure formation of the universe as well as for nuclear and particle physics beyond the present Standard Model. Complementary to deducing constraints on the sum of all neutrino masses from cosmological observations two different methods to determine the neutrino mass scale in the laboratory are pursued: the search for neutrinoless double $β$-decay and the direct neutrino mass search by investigating single $β$-decays or electron captures. The former method is not only sensitive to neutrino masses but also probes the Majorana character of neutrinos and thus lepton number violation with high sensitivity. Currently quite a few experiments with different techniques are being constructed, commissioned or are even running, which aim for a sensitivity on the neutrino mass of {\cal O}(100) meV. The principle methods and these experiments will be discussed in this short review.
description: Invited mini review, 22 pages, 7 figures, 73 references
Hyosciurus heinrichi Archbold and Tate 1935
Creators: name: Hoffmann, Robert S.
name: Anderson, Charles G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Sciuridae
Hyosciurus
Hyosciurus heinrichi

description: Hyosciurus heinrichi Archbold and Tate, 1935. Am. Mus. Novit., 801: 2. TYPE LOCALITY: "Latimodjong Mtns., central Celebes, 2300 meters" [C Sulawesi, Indonesia]. DISTRIBUTION: Restricted to mountains of C Sulawesi (Musser and Dagosto, 1987:44). COMMENTS: Formerly included Heile (Tate and Archbold, 1936:1); see comments therein.
description: Published as part of Robert S. Hoffmann & Charles G. Anderson, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Sciuridae, pp. 419-465 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 429, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353130
description: {"references": ["Musser, G. G., and M. Dagosto. 1987. The identity of Tarsius pumilus, a pygmy species endemic to the montane mossy forests of central Sulawesi. American Museum Novitates, 2867: 1 - 53.", "Tate, G. H. H., and R. Archbold. 1936. Results of the Archbold Expeditions. No. 9. A new race of Hyosciurus. American Museum Novitates, 846: 1."]}
Recurrence of bipartite planar maps
Creators: name: Björnberg, Jakob E.
name: Stefansson, Sigurdur Orn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper concerns random bipartite planar maps which are defined by assigning weights to their faces. The paper presents a threefold contribution to the theory. Firstly, we prove the existence of the local limit for all choices of weights and describe it in terms of an infinite mobile. Secondly, we show that the local limit is in all cases almost surely recurrent. And thirdly, we show that for certain choices of weights the local limit has exactly one face of infinite degree and has in that case spectral dimension $4/3$ (the latter requires a mild moment condition).
description: 47 pages, 6 figures. Revised version
Superconductivity Observed in Tantalum Polyhydride at High Pressure
Creators: name: He, X.
name: Zhang, C. L.
name: Li, Z. W.
name: Zhang, S. J.
name: Min, B. S.
name: Zhang, J.
name: Lu, K.
name: Zhao, J. F.
name: Shi, L. C.
name: Peng, Y.
name: Wang, X. C.
name: Feng, S. M.
name: Song, J.
name: Wang, L. H.
name: Prakapenka, V. B.
name: Chariton, S.
name: Liu, H. Z.
name: Jin, C. Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report experimental discovery of tantalum polyhydride superconductor. It was synthesized at high pressure and high temperature conditions using diamond anvil cell combined with in-situ high pressure laser heating techniques. The superconductivity was investigated via resistance measurements at pressures. The highest superconducting transition temperature Tc was found to be ~30 K at 197 GPa in the sample that was synthesized at the same pressure with ~2000 K heating. The transitions are shifted to low temperature upon applying magnetic fields that supports the superconductivity nature. The upper critical field at zero temperature μ0Hc2(0) of the superconducting phase is estimated to be ~20 T that corresponds to GL coherent length ~40 angstroms. Our results suggest that the superconductivity may arise from I-43d phase of TaH3. It is, for the first time to our best knowledge, experimental realization of superconducting hydrides for the VB group of transitional metals.
description: Published by CPL
Brownian motion with multiplicative noises revisited
Creators: name: Kuroiwa, Takeshi
name: Miyazaki, Kunimasa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Langevin equation with multiplicative noise and state-dependent transport coefficient has to be always complemented with the proper interpretation rule of the noise, such as the Ito and Stratonovich conventions. Although the mathematical relationship between the different rules and how to translate from one rule to another are well-established, it still remains controversial what is a more {\it physically} natural rule. In this communication, we derive the overdamped Langevin equation with multiplicative noise for Brownian particles, by systematically eliminating the fast degrees of freedom of the underdamped Langevin equation. The Langevin equations obtained here vary depending on the choice of the noise conventions but they are different representations for an identical phenomenon. The results apply to multi-variable, nonequilibrium, non-stationary systems, and other general settings.
description: 9 pages
Design and synthesis of functional latex/silica nanocomposite films via colloidal self-assembly
Creators: name: Tinkler, James
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Materials engineering not elsewhere classified

description: The utilisation of self-stratification in binary and polydisperse colloidal dispersions shows great promise for the production of multi-layered functional coatings using only a single step process. Here, stratification is achieved in latex dispersions containing silica nanoparticles for a range of drying conditions. The resulting films possess enhanced hardness, and the variation in surface microstructure has a significant effect on the wettability of the surfaces. However, it was demonstrated that the silica enriched surface had poor abrasion resistance due to the hardness of the nanoparticles and their lack of cohesion within the films. This was overcome by the incorporation of additional smaller latex particles in a novel demonstration of the experimental drying of ternary colloidal dispersions. Furthermore, the ternary films retain the surface morphology, hardness, and wettability of the binary latex/silica coatings. This thesis also explores the effects of particle interactions on colloidal stratification, and the differing morphologies and architectures which may arise as a result of changing particle interactions. Theories are presented for the formation of holey superstructures as a result of electrostatic repulsions between particles. These ideas are tested experimentally by introducing cationic surfactants to control the particle surface charges and alter the particle interactions during drying. This is further vindicated through the use of Brownian dynamics simulations. The addition of surfactants is also shown to be a simple and effective method for inhibiting stratification, producing armoured particles, and controlling the transparency of colloidal coatings. The final section of this project details the polymerisation of CO2-responsive DEAEMA and subsequent grafting onto silica nanoparticles. The modified particles are shown to have switchable stability in response to carbonation of water. While the resulting particle size made previous stratification mechanisms infeasible, the modification does allow the production of silica coatings through a simple casting technique which is usually unsuccessful due to the hard nature of the silica. The resulting surfaces also prove to have enhanced stability during immersion in water and are shown to be amphiphilic. Overall, this thesis builds further on the understanding of colloidal stratification, in particular in relation to diffusiophoresis and particle interactions, showing how film architectures can be altered and controlled. The results also build towards the practical use of stratification to produce multi-layered functional coatings by showing how mechanical properties can be enhanced through the single-step casting of water-based dispersions.
New Approach to Unimodular Relativity
Creators: name: Tiwari, S. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A thorough study and analysis on the conceptual foundations of unimodular gravity shows that this theory is essentially general relativity disguised as unimodular relativity in the literature. The main reason for this dilemma is accepting the Einsteinian paradigm: general relativistic framework, covariant divergence law for matter energy-momentum tensor, and cosmological constant as an integration constant, but introducing the artefact of unimodular description absent in Einstein's work. A new approach is proposed in this paper in which pure unimodular relativity is defined in terms of equi-projective geodesics with the fundamental metric tensor having determinant unity and the geometric tensors constructed from them. Modification of covariant divergence law for the matter energy-momentum tensor is shown to have two new consequences. In the conventional unimodular gravity an effective cosmological term comprising of two variable scalar fields, namely, the unimodular geometric ambiguity and unimodular matter energy ambiguity, is proposed. A radical departure on the cosmological constant problem is possible assuming differing evolution of the two scalars: the Einstein equations emerge when the two ambiguities cancel each other. Secondly, in the case of pure unimodular relativity the gravitational field equations are proposed consistent with the unimodular space-time structure.
description: This version is published one
Analysing Discrete Self Supervised Speech Representation for Spoken Language Modeling
Creators: name: Sicherman, Amitay
name: Adi, Yossi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This work profoundly analyzes discrete self-supervised speech representations (units) through the eyes of Generative Spoken Language Modeling (GSLM). Following the findings of such an analysis, we propose practical improvements to the discrete unit for the GSLM. First, we start comprehending these units by analyzing them in three axes: interpretation, visualization, and resynthesis. Our analysis finds a high correlation between the speech units to phonemes and phoneme families, while their correlation with speaker or gender is weaker. Additionally, we found redundancies in the extracted units and claim that one reason may be the units' context. Following this analysis, we propose a new, unsupervised metric to measure unit redundancies. Finally, we use this metric to develop new methods that improve the robustness of units' clustering and show significant improvement considering zero-resource speech metrics such as ABX. Code and analysis tools are available under the following link: https://github.com/slp-rl/SLM-Discrete-Representations
description: Accepted at ICASSP 2023
Proximity effect in graphene-topological insulator heterostructures
Creators: name: Zhang, Junhua
name: Triola, C.
name: Rossi, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate a continuum model to study the low-energy electronic structure of heterostructures formed by graphene on a strong three-dimensional topological insulator (TI) for the case of both commensurate and incommensurate stacking. The incommensurability can be due to a twist angle between graphene and the TI surface or a lattice mismatch between the two systems. We find that the proximity of the TI induces in graphene a strong enhancement of the spin-orbit coupling that can be tuned via the twist angle.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures. References added, figures updated
ANALYSIS OF THE FEASIBILITY OF INCLUDING LIBRAS IN THE INITIAL YEARS AND ITS INCLUSION IN ENEM
Creators: name: do Nascimento Carvalho, Ronaldo
name: Soares Marques, Valeska Regina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Reality is imposed by the need to provide greater social inclusion and the challenge is to understand this paradigm that is presented in national education. The universe was made up of all Libras teachers and professionals. The population includes professionals and teachers who are in Faculties of Pedagogy and Faculties of Speech and Hearing Therapy, located in the city of Caldas Novas - GO.