cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
(l,k)-Routing on Plane Grids
Creators: name: Huc, Florian
name: Valls, Ignasi Sau
name: Zerovnik, Janez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The packet routing problem plays an essential role in communication networks. It involves how to transfer data from some origins to some destinations within a reasonable amount of time. In the $(\ell,k)$-routing problem, each node can send at most $\ell$ packets and receive at most $k$ packets. Permutation routing is the particular case $\ell=k=1$. In the $r$-central routing problem, all nodes at distance at most $r$ from a fixed node $v$ want to send a packet to $v$. In this article we study the permutation routing, the $r$-central routing and the general $(\ell,k)$-routing problems on plane grids, that is square grids, triangular grids and hexagonal grids. We use the \emph{store-and-forward} $Δ$-port model, and we consider both full and half-duplex networks. We first survey the existing results in the literature about packet routing, with special emphasis on $(\ell,k)$-routing on plane grids. Our main contributions are the following: 1. Tight permutation routing algorithms on full-duplex hexagonal grids, and half duplex triangular and hexagonal grids. 2. Tight $r$-central routing algorithms on triangular and hexagonal grids. 3. Tight $(k,k)$-routing algorithms on square, triangular and hexagonal grids. 4. Good approximation algorithms (in terms of running time) for $(\ell,k)$-routing on square, triangular and hexagonal grids, together with new lower bounds on the running time of any algorithm using shortest path routing. These algorithms are all completely distributed, i.e., can be implemented independently at each node. Finally, we also formulate the $(\ell,k)$-routing problem as a \textsc{Weighted Edge Coloring} problem on bipartite graphs.
description: Final version
Local linear Morsifications
Creators: name: Tibăr, Mihai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14N10, 14C17, 32S30, 55R55, 58K05

description: The number of Morse points in a Morsification determines the topology of the Milnor fibre of a holomorphic function germ $f$ with isolated singularity. If $f$ has an arbitrary singular locus, then this nice relation to the Milnor fibre disappears. We show that despite this loss, the numbers of stratified Morse singularities of a general linear Morsification are effectively computable in terms of topological invariants of $f$.
description: slightly revised
H 21cm emission as a tracer of gas during the evolution from protoplanetary to debris disks
Creators: name: Kamp, I.
name: Freudling, W.
name: Chengalur, J. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present models for the HI 21 cm emission from circumstellar disks and use them to convert observed upper limits on the HI 21 cm flux to limits on the total disk gas mass. The upper limits we use come from earlier Australia Telescope Compact Array observations of the debris disk around beta Pictoris as well as fresh Giant Meterwave Radio Telescope observations of HD135344, LkCa 15 and HD163296. Our observations and models span a range of disk types, from young proto-planetary disks to old debris disks. The models self-consistently calculate the gas chemistry (H/H2 balance) and the thermal structure of UV irradiated disks. Atomic hydrogen production is dominated by UV irradiation in transition phase objects as well as debris disks, but for very young disks, HI production by stellar X-rays (which we do not account for) is important. We use a simple radiative transfer approach to convert the model disk parameters into predicted HI 21 cm line maps and spectral profiles. This allows a direct comparison of the observations to the model. We find that the HI traces the disk surface layers, and that the Hi emission, if detected, could be used to study the e ects of irradiation and evaporation, in addition to the kinematics of the disk. Our models cover massive protoplanetary disks, transition phase disks and dusty debris disks. In massive protoplanetary disks, UV produced HI constitutes less than 0.5% of the total disk mass, while X-rays clearly dominate the chemistry and thus the HI production. For the two such disks that we have observed, viz. those around LkCa 15 and HD163296, the predicted 21 cm flux is below the current detection limit. On the other hand, transition phase disks at distances of 100 pc have predicted 21 cm fluxes that are close to the detection limit.... (abstract abbreviated)
description: 35 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
MARVEL Assets Overview
Creators: name: Fotis, Spiros
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: smart city
assets
E2F2C

description: An overview presentation of the 35 MARVEL Assets!

Watch Demo Videos for each MARVEL Asset on our YouTube channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCUqSx3-4anthxkSAGgvQMdQ
Transport Properties of Carbon Nanotube C$_{60}$ Peapods
Creators: name: Quay, C. H. L.
name: Cumings, John
name: Gamble, S. J.
name: Yazdani, A.
name: de Picciotto, R.
name: Kataura, H.
name: Goldhaber-Gordon, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the conductance of carbon nanotube peapods from room temperature down to 250mK. Our devices show both metallic and semiconducting behavior at room temperature. At the lowest temperatures, we observe single electron effects. Our results suggest that the encapsulated C$_{60}$ molecules do not introduce substantial backscattering for electrons near the Fermi level. This is remarkable given that previous tunneling spectroscopy measurements show that encapsulated C$_{60}$ strongly modifies the electronic structure of a nanotube away from the Fermi level.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures. This is one of two manuscripts replacing the one orginally submitted as arXiv:cond-mat/0606258. The other one is arXiv:0704.3641 [cond-mat]
Building Models of Inflation in No-Scale Supergravity
Creators: name: Ellis, John
name: Garcia, Marcos A. G.
name: Nagata, Natsumi
name: Nanopoulos, Dimitri V.
name: Olive, Keith A.
name: Verner, Sarunas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After reviewing the motivations for cosmological inflation formulated in the formalism of supersymmetry, we argue that the appropriate framework is that of no-scale supergravity. We then show how to construct within this framework inflationary models whose predictions for the tilt in the spectrum of scalar perturbations, $n_s$, and the ratio, $r$, of tensor and scalar perturbations coincide with those of the $R + R^2$ model of inflation proposed by Starobinsky. A more detailed study of no-scale supergravity reveals a structure that is closely related to that of $R^2$ modifications of the minimal Einstein-Hilbert action for general relativity, opening avenues for constructing no-scale de Sitter and anti-de Sitter models by combining pairs of Minkowski models, as well as generalizations of the original no-scale Starobinsky models of inflation. We then discuss the phenomenology of no-scale models of inflation, including inflaton decay and reheating, and then the construction of explicit scenarios based on SU(5), SO(10) and string-motivated flipped SU(5)$\times$U(1) GUT models. The latter provides a possible model of almost everything below the Planck scale, including neutrino masses and oscillations, the cosmological baryon asymmetry and cold dark matter, as well as $n_s$ and $r$.
description: 84 pages, 21 figures, invited review submitted to IJMPD
Coincidence detection probability of $(γ, 2e)$ photoemission measurement
Creators: name: Su, Yuehua
name: Cao, Kun
name: Zhang, Chao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the study of strongly correlated electrons, one of the challenging core tasks is to develop the potential techniques for direct detection of the many-body correlations of strongly correlated electrons. The $(γ, 2e)$ photoemission technique has been developed to investigate the two-body correlations of the target correlated electrons. In this article, we will focus on this technique for the correlated electrons near the Fermi energy in condensed matter. The coincidence detection probability of the two emitted electrons in the $(γ, 2e)$ photoemission measurement is shown to be relevant to a two-body Bethe-Salpeter wave function, which describes the dynamical two-body correlations of the target correlated electrons near the Fermi energy. As the coincidence detection probability involves an electron-electron interaction matrix element, the arbitrary momentum and/or energy transfer due to this electron-electron interaction makes the $(γ, 2e)$ photoemission technique fail to reveal the inner-pair structures of the two-body Bethe-Salpeter wave function. However, the center-of-mass momentum and energy of the two-body Bethe-Salpeter wave function can be distinctly resolved. Thus, the $(γ, 2e)$ photoemission technique can provide the center-of-mass physics of the two-body correlations of the target correlated electrons. It will be one potential technique to study the center-of-mass physics of the Cooper pairs in superconductor.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, published version
Explicit Gain Equations for Single Crystalline Photoconductors
Creators: name: He, Jiajing
name: Chen, Kaixiang
name: Huang, Chulin
name: Wang, Xiaoming
name: He, Yongning
name: Dan, Yaping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photoconductors based on semiconducting thin films, nanowires and 2-dimensional atomic layers have been extensively investigated. But there is no explicit photogain equation that allows for fitting and designing photoresponses of these devices. In this work, we managed to derive explicit photogain equations for silicon nanowire photoconductors based on experimental observations. The silicon nanowires were fabricated by patterning the device layer of silicon-on-insulator wafers by standard lithography that were doped with boron. It was found that the as-fabricated silicon nanowires have a surface depletion region ~ 32 nm wide. This depletion region protects charge carriers in the channel from surface scatterings, resulting in the independence of charge carrier mobilities on nanowire size. It is consistent with our Hall effect measurements but in contradiction with the accepted conclusion in the past decades that charge carrier mobilities become smaller for smaller nanowires due to surface scatterings. Under light illumination, the depletion region logarithmically narrows down and the nanowire channel widens accordingly. Photo Hall effect measurements show that the nanowire photoconductance is not contributed by the increase of carrier concentrations but the widening of the nanowire channel. As a result, a nanowire photoconductor can be modeled as a resistor in connection with floating Schottky junctions near the nanowire surfaces. Based on the photoresponses of a Schottky junction, we derived explicit photogain equations for nanowire photoconductors that are a function of light intensity and device physical parameters. The gain equations fit well with the experimental data, from which we extracted the minority carrier lifetimes that are consistent with the minority carrier lifetime in nanowires reported in literature.
description: 22 pages, 5 figures
Min- and Max- Relative Entropies and a New Entanglement Monotone
Creators: name: Datta, Nilanjana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two new relative entropy quantities, called the min- and max-relative entropies, are introduced and their properties are investigated. The well-known min- and max- entropies, introduced by Renner, are obtained from these. We define a new entanglement monotone, which we refer to as the max-relative entropy of entanglement, and which is an upper bound to the relative entropy of entanglement. We also generalize the min- and max-relative entropies to obtain smooth min- and max- relative entropies. These act as parent quantities for the smooth Renyi entropies, and allow us to define the analogues of the mutual information, in the Smooth Renyi Entropy framework. Further, the spectral divergence rates of the Information Spectrum approach are shown to be obtained from the smooth min- and max-relative entropies in the asymptotic limit.
description: published version
State space description of national economies: the V4 countries
Creators: name: Petras, Ivo
name: Podlubny, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62P20 (Primary) 65D99, 62J05, 91B82 (Secondary)

description: We present a new approach to description of national economies. For this we use the state space viewpoint, which is used mostly in the theory of dynamical systems and in the control theory. Gross domestic product, inflation, and unemployment rates are taken as state variables. We demonstrate that for the considered period of time the phase trajectory of each of the V4 countries (Slovak Republic, Czech Republic, Hungary, and Poland) lies approximately in one plane, so that the economic development of each country can be assocated with a corresponding plane in the state space. The suggested approach opens a way to a new set of economic indicators (for example, normal vectors of national economies, various plane slopes, 2D angles between the planes corresponding to different economies, etc.). The tool used for computations is orthogonal regression (alias orthogonal distance regression, alias total least squares method), and we also give general arguments for using orthogonal regression instead of the classical regression based on the least squares method. A MATLAB routine for fitting 3D data to lines and planes in 3D is provided.
description: 13 pages, 18 figures
Towards the robustness of the Affleck-Dine baryogenesis
Creators: name: Kasuya, Shinta
name: Kawasaki, Masahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Affleck-Dine mechanism with various types of the Kahler potential, and investigate whether or not the Affleck-Dine field could acquire a large VEV as an initial condition for successful baryogenesis. In addition to a negative Hubble-induced mass term, we find that large enough Hubble-induced A-terms could also develop the minimum at large amplitude of the field. Therefore, the Affleck-Dine mechanism works for broader classes of the theories.
description: 6 pages
การรับรู้อาการเตือนของโรคหลอดเลือดสมอง พฤติกรรมการควบคุมระดับความดันโลหิต และแรงสนับสนุนจากครอบครัว ระหว่างผู้ป่วยความดันโลหิตสูงที่ควบคุมได้และไม่ได้ ในพื้นที่รับผิดชอบของโรงพยาบาลส่งเสริมสุขภาพตำบลวัดบางไกรใน จังหวัดนนทบุรี
Creators: name: รัฐกานต์ ขำเขียว
Publisher: name: กองนวัตกรรมและวิจัย กรมควบคุมโรค
Year: 2561
Subjects: การรับรู้อาการเตือนโรคหลอดเลือดสมอง
พฤติกรรมการควบคุมความดันโลหิต
แรงสนับสนุนจากครอบครัว
โรคความดันโลหิตสูง

description: วารสารควบคุมโรค, 44, 2, 130-144
Commissioning of a clinical pencil beam scanning proton therapy unit for ultrahigh dose rates (FLASH)
Creators: name: Nesteruk, K. P.
name: Togno, M.
name: Grossmann, M.
name: Lomax, A. J.
name: Weber, D. C.
name: Schippers, J. M.
name: Safai, S.
name: Meer, D.
name: Psoroulas, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Purpose: The purpose of this work was to provide a flexible platform for FLASH research with protons by adapting a former clinical pencil beam scanning gantry to irradiations with ultrahigh dose rates. Methods: PSI Gantry 1 treated patients until December 2018. We optimized the beamline parameters to transport the 250 MeV beam extracted from the PSI COMET accelerator to the treatment room, maximizing the transmission of beam intensity to the sample. We characterized a dose monitor on the gantry to ensure good control of the dose, delivered in spot-scanning mode. We characterized the beam for different dose rates and field sizes for transmission irradiations. We explored scanning possibilities in order to enable conformal irradiations or transmission irradiations of large targets (with transverse scanning). Results: We achieved a transmission of 86 % from the cyclotron to the treatment room. We reached a peak dose rate of 9000 Gy/s at 3 mm water equivalent depth, along the central axis of a single pencil beam. Field sizes of up to 5x5 mm$^{2}$ were achieved for single spot FLASH irradiations. Fast transverse scanning allowed to cover a field of 16x1.2 cm$^{2}$. With the use of a nozzle-mounted range shifter we are able to span depths in water ranging from 19.6 to 37.9 cm. Various dose levels were delivered with a precision within less than 1 %. Conclusions: We have realized a proton FLASH irradiation setup able to investigate continuously a wide dose rate spectrum, from 1 to 9000 Gy/s in a single spot irradiation as well as in the pencil beam scanning mode. As such, we have developed a versatile test bench for FLASH research.
description: Submitted to Medical Physics
On the Continuum Limit of Topological Charge Density Distribution
Creators: name: Boyko, P. Yu.
name: Gubarev, F. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The bulk distribution of the topological charge density, constructed via HP^1 sigma-model embedding method, is investigated. We argue that the specific pattern of leading power corrections to gluon condensate hints on a particular UV divergent structure of HP^1 sigma-model fields, which in turn implies the linear divergence of the corresponding topological density in the continuum limit. We show that under testable assumptions the topological charge is to be distributed within three-dimensional sign-coherent domains and conversely, the dimensionality of sign-coherent regions dictates the leading divergence of the topological density. Confronting the proposed scenario with lattice data we present evidence for indeed peculiar divergence of the embedded fields. Then the UV behavior of the topological density is studied directly and is found to agree with our proposition. Finally, we introduce parameter-free method to investigate the dimensionality of relevant topological fluctuations and show that indeed topological charge sign-coherent regions are likely to be three-dimensional.
description: 16 pages, 12 ps figures, revtex4; v2: significant changes, discussions extended, new data and references added, conclusions unchanged
Dynamical masses across the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram
Creators: name: Hwang, Hsiang-Chih
name: Ting, Yuan-Sen
name: Cheng, Sihao
name: Speagle, Joshua S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We infer the dynamical masses of stars across the Hertzsprung-Russell (H-R) diagram using wide binaries from the Gaia survey. Gaia's high-precision astrometry measures the wide binaries' orbital motion, which contains the mass information. Using wide binaries as the training sample, we measure the mass of stars across the two-dimensional H-R diagram using the combination of statistical inference and neural networks. Our results provide the dynamical mass measurements for main-sequence stars from 0.1 to 2 M$_\odot$, unresolved binaries and unresolved triples on the main sequence, and the mean masses of giants and white dwarfs. Two regions in the H-R diagram show interesting behaviors in mass, where one of them is pre-main-sequence stars, and the other one may be related to close compact object companions like M dwarf-white dwarf binaries. These mass measurements depend solely on Newtonian dynamics, providing independent constraints on stellar evolutionary models and the occurrence rate of compact objects.
description: Fig. 5 and Fig. 12 are the key results. Submitted to MNRAS. Comments are welcome!
Diffusivity in one-dimensional generalized Mott variable-range hopping models
Creators: name: Caputo, P.
name: Faggionato, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60K37, 60G55, 82C41 (Primary)

description: We consider random walks in a random environment which are generalized versions of well-known effective models for Mott variable-range hopping. We study the homogenized diffusion constant of the random walk in the one-dimensional case. We prove various estimates on the low-temperature behavior which confirm and extend previous work by physicists.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/08-AAP583 the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Cosmology from weak lensing peaks and minima with Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam survey first-year data
Creators: name: Marques, Gabriela A.
name: Liu, Jia
name: Shirasaki, Masato
name: Thiele, Leander
name: Grandón, Daniela
name: Huffenberger, Kevin M.
name: Cheng, Sihao
name: Harnois-Déraps, Joachim
name: Osato, Ken
name: Coulton, William R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present cosmological constraints derived from peak counts, minimum counts, and the angular power spectrum of the Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam first-year (HSC Y1) weak lensing shear catalog. Weak lensing peak and minimum counts contain non-Gaussian information and hence are complementary to the conventional two-point statistics in constraining cosmology. In this work, we forward-model the three summary statistics and their dependence on cosmology, using a suite of $N$-body simulations tailored to the HSC Y1 data. We investigate systematic and astrophysical effects including intrinsic alignments, baryon feedback, multiplicative bias, and photometric redshift uncertainties. We mitigate the impact of these systematics by applying cuts on angular scales, smoothing scales, statistic bins, and tomographic redshift bins. By combining peaks, minima, and the power spectrum, assuming a flat-$Λ$CDM model, we obtain $S_{8} \equiv σ_8\sqrt{Ω_m/0.3}= 0.810^{+0.022}_{-0.026}$, a 35\% tighter constraint than that obtained from the angular power spectrum alone. Our results are in agreement with other studies using HSC weak lensing shear data, as well as with Planck 2018 cosmology and recent CMB lensing constraints from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope and the South Pole Telescope.
Criteria for diversity-sensitive gender planning
Creators: name: Kirson, Frances L.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Despite the fact that the feminization of poverty continues to grow and women in general remain subordinated to men, the notion of gender as a specific lens for planning practice has not yet affected a transformative change in development planning practice. Furthermore, there remains a failure to recognize that women are not a homogenous group and that even when planning is gendered, it must also recognize the diversity of women and the contexts in which they live (Javed, 1993). All too slowly, development proponents are realizing the advantages and necessity of supporting women's strategic gender need to be agents of their own change in the development process. This thesis synthesizes current gender and development theory by drawing on the literature, professional experience, and information gained through a feminist participatory research process. The ultimate aim is to examine and contribute to current criteria used for gender planning, particularly as it pertains to planning with women in contexts of diversity. The approach taken in doing this research has been qualitative and participatory in nature, and is based on a feminist analysis. The chosen methods for this research consist of: a) a literature review of gender and planning theory; b) a participatory workshop with women involved in development or community planning work; c) several informal interviews with women involved in development or community planning work who specifically work with women; and d) participation in several conferences relating to women or gender. Results from the study indicate that there are nine elements which are important to gender planning which is diversity-sensitive and works towards the kind of people-centred development envisioned by the research participants. These are: contextual, complex, gender-active, mutual accountability, critical participation, consciousness-raising for action, personal capacity building, support for fundamental change, and dynamic process modeling. These nine elements, while equally weighted, can be organized into three thematic groupings: 1) structural dimensions, 2) means of participation and 3) potential for change. These conclusions have important implications for planning policy and process, for the roles of planners in the process, and for the education of planners.
Photon - Axion Conversion Cross Sections in a Resonant Cavity
Creators: name: Van Soa, Dang
name: Long, Hoang Ngoc
name: Thuc, Le Nhu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photon - axion conversions in the resonant cavity with the lowest mode are considered in detail by the Feynman diagram method. The differential cross sections are presented and numerical evaluations are given. It is shown that there is a resonant conversion for the considered process, in which the conversion cross sections are much larger than those of the wave guide in the same conditions. Some estimates for experimental conditions are given from our results.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure
An experimental study of the detailed flame transport in a SI engine using simultaneous dual-plane OH-LIF and stereoscopic PIV
Creators: name: Peterson, Brian
name: Baum, Elias
name: Dreizler, Andreas
name: Böhm, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the detailed flame transport in IC engines is important to predict ignition, rate of heat release and assess engine performance. This is particularly important for RANS and LES engine simulations, which often struggle to accurately predict flame propagation and heat release without first adjusting model parameters. Detailed measurements of flame transport are required to guide model development. This work introduces an experimental dataset designed to study the detailed flame transport and flame/flow dynamics for SI engines. Simultaneous dual-plane OH-LIF and stereoscopic PIV is used to acquire 3D measurements of unburnt gas velocity, flame displacement speed and overall flame velocity during the early flame development. Experiments are performed in an optical engine operating at 800 and 1500 RPM with premixed C8H18-air mixtures. Analysis reveals several distinctive flame/flow configurations that yield a positive or negative flame displacement for which the flame progresses towards the reactants or products, respectively. For the operating conditions utilized, Sd exhibits and inverse relationship with flame curvature; a strong correlation between negative Sd and convex flame contours is observed. Trends are consistent with thermo-diffusive flames, but have not been quantified in IC engines. Flame wrinkling is more severe at the higher RPM, which broadens Sd distribution towards higher positive and negative velocities. Spatially-resolved distributions of Ugas and Sd describe in-cylinder locations where convection or thermal diffusion is the dominating mechanism contributing to flame transport. Findings are discussed in relation to common engine flow features, including flame transport near solid surfaces. Findings are designed to support engine simulation validations.
Utilizing entropy to systematically quantify the resting-condition baroreflex regulation function
Creators: name: Li, Bo-Yuan
name: Li, Xiao-Yang
name: Lu, Xia
name: Kang, Rui
name: Tian, Zhao-Xing
name: Ling, Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Baroreflex is critical to maintain the blood pressure homeostasis, and the quantification of the baroreflex regulation function (BRF) can provide guidance for disease diagnosis, treatment and healthcare. Current quantification of the BRF such as baroreflex sensitivity cannot represent the BRF systematically. From the perspective of complex systems, we regard that the BRF is the emergence result of the diverse states and interactions in the physiological mechanisms. Therefore, the three-layer emergence is constructed in this work, which is from the physiological mechanisms to the physiological indexes and then to the BRF. On this basis, since the entropy in statistical physics macroscopically measures the diversity of the system's states, a new index called the PhysioEnt is proposed to represent the BRF and quantify the physical relationships between the BRF and four physiological indexes, baroreflex sensitivity, heart rate, heart rate variability, and systolic blood pressure. Based on the proposed method, some new findings with medical significance are obtained, including the mechanisms that aging and obesity affect the resting-condition BRF are different, and the resting-condition BRFs of men and older people depend more on the physiological processes among organs/tissues. Based on the measurable indexes, the proposed method would support the individualized medicine prospectively.
description: 25 pages, 7 figures
Spatial autocorrelation and the dynamics of the mean center of COVID-19 infections in Lebanon
Creators: name: Deeb, Omar El
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In this paper we study the spatial spread of the COVID-19 infection in Lebanon. We inspect the spreading of the daily new infections across the 26 administrative districts of the country, and implement Moran's $I$ statistics in order to analyze the tempo-spatial clustering of the infection in relation to various variables parameterized by adjacency, proximity, population, population density, poverty rate and poverty density, and we find out that except for the poverty rate, the spread of the infection is clustered and associated to those parameters with varying magnitude for the time span between July (geographic adjacency and proximity) or August (population, population density and poverty density) through October. We also determine the temporal dynamics of geographic location of the mean center of new and cumulative infections since late March. The results obtained allow for regionally and locally adjusted health policies and measures that would provide higher levels of public health safety in the country.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures, 1 table
Numerical inverse scattering transform for the derivative nonlinear Schrodinger equation
Creators: name: Cui, Shikun
name: Wang, Zhen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we develop the numerical inverse scattering transform (NIST) for solving the derivative nonlinear Schrodinger (DNLS) equation. The key technique involves formulating a Riemann-Hilbert problem (RHP) that is associated with the initial value problem and solving it numerically. Before solving the RHP, two essential operations need to be carried out. Firstly, high-precision numerical calculations are performed on the scattering data. Secondly, the RHP is deformed using the Deift-Zhou nonlinear steepest descent method. The DNLS equation has a continuous spectrum consisting of the real and imaginary axes and features three saddle points, which introduces complexity not encountered in previous NIST approaches. In our numerical inverse scattering method, we divide the $(x,t)$-plane into three regions and propose specific deformations for each region. These strategies not only help reduce computational costs but also minimize errors in the calculations. Unlike traditional numerical methods, the NIST does not rely on time-stepping to compute the solution. Instead, it directly solves the associated Riemann-Hilbert problem. This unique characteristic of the NIST eliminates convergence issues typically encountered in other numerical approaches and proves to be more effective, especially for long-time simulations.
A Bibliometric Analysis on Digital Asset Management Research Using VOSviewer
Creators: name: A. Marwan M. Saeed
name: Elis Mediawati
name: Amgad S. D. Khaled
name: M. A. Rasuman
Publisher: name: gjrpublication
Year: 2024

description: DAM streamlines storage, organization, and distribution of digital assets like images and videos, optimizing workflows for organizations with extensive digital content. This manuscript explores the evolution of Digital Asset Management through an in-depth bibliometric analysis, shedding light on the emerging trends in this field. It commences by emphasizing the importance of Digital Asset Management for companies. In terms of methodology, VOSviewer software was employed for the analysis, and data collection from Google Scholar publications spanning 2019–2023 was executed using the Publish or Perish application. The outcomes of this research aim to provide valuable insights for future researchers to discern areas warranting further exploration. The findings reveal a surge in studies from 2019 to 2021, peaking at 12 publications in 2022. However, subsequent year witnessed a decline, with only 2 studies in 2023. This report serves as an essential roadmap for academics and researchers, spotlighting areas that demand additional research.
Polarisation of high-energy emission in a pulsar striped wind
Creators: name: Petri, J.
name: Kirk, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observations of the polarisation of the optical pulses from the Crab pulsar motivated detailed comparative studies of the emission predicted by the polar cap, the outer gap and the two-pole caustics models. In this work, we study the polarisation properties of the synchrotron emission emanating from the striped wind model. We use an explicit asymptotic solution for the large-scale field structure related to the oblique split monopole and valid for the case of an ultra-relativistic plasma. This is combined with a crude model for the emissivity of the striped wind and of the magnetic field within the dissipating stripes themselves. We calculate the polarisation properties of the high-energy pulsed emission and compare our results with optical observations of the Crab pulsar. The resulting radiation is linearly polarised. In the off-pulse region, the electric vector lies in the direction of the projection on the sky of the rotation axis of the pulsar, in good agreement with the data. Other properties such as a reduced degree of polarisation and a characteristic sweep of the polarisation angle within the pulses are also reproduced.
description: Proceedings of the 363. WE-Heraeus Seminar on: Neutron Stars and Pulsars (Posters and contributed talks) Physikzentrum Bad Honnef, Germany, May.14-19, 2006, eds. W.Becker, H.H.Huang, MPE Report 291, pp.108-111
A pilot search for extragalactic OH absorption with FAST
Creators: name: Zheng, Zheng
name: Li, Di
name: Sadler, Elaine M.
name: Allison, James R.
name: Tang, Ningyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: OH absorption is currently the only viable way to detect OH molecules in non-masing galaxies at cosmological distances. There have been only 6 such detections at z>0.05 to date and so it is hard to put a statistically robust constraint on OH column densities in distant galaxies. We carried out a pilot OH absorption survey towards 8 associated and 1 intervening HI 21-cm absorbers using the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST). We were able to constrain the OH abundance relative to HI ([OH]/[HI]) to be lower than 10^-6 ~ 10^-8 for redshifts z within [0.1919, 0.2241]. Although no individual detection was made, stacking three associated absorbers free of RFI provides a sensitive OH column density 3-sigma upper-limit ~ 1.57 x 10^14 (Tx/10K)(1/fc) cm^-2, which corresponds to a [OH]/[HI] < 5.45 x 10^-8. Combining with archival data, we show that associated absorbers have a slightly lower OH abundance than intervening absorbers. Our results are consistent with a trend of decreasing OH abundance with decreasing redshift.
description: accepted for publication in MNRAS
Explicit gain equations for hybrid graphene-quantum-dot photodetectors
Creators: name: Chen, Kaixiang
name: Zhang, Chufan
name: Zang, Xiaoxian
name: Ma, Fuyuan
name: Chen, Yuanzhen
name: Dan, Yaping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Graphene is an attractive material for broadband photodetection but suffers from weak light absorption. Coating graphene with quantum dots can significantly enhance light absorption and create extraordinarily high photo gain. This high gain is often explained by the classical gain theory which is unfortunately an implicit function and may even be questionable. In this work, we managed to derive explicit gain equations for hybrid graphene-quantum-dot photodetectors. Due to the work function mismatch, lead sulfide (PbS) quantum dots coated on graphene will form a surface depletion region near the interface of quantum dots and graphene. Light illumination narrows down the surface depletion region, creating a photovoltage that gates the graphene. As a result, high photo gain in graphene is observed. The explicit gain equations are derived from the theoretical gate transfer characteristics of graphene and the correlation of the photovoltage with the light illumination intensity. The derived explicit gain equations fit well with the experimental data, from which physical parameters are extracted.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
On the Generalized Poisson Distribution
Creators: name: Tuenter, Hans J. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62E15; 11A99

description: The Generalized Poisson Distribution (GPD) was introduced by Consul and Jain (1973). However, as remarked by Consul (1989), "It is very difficult to prove by direct summation that the sum of all the probabilities is unity". We give a shorter and more elegant proof based upon an application of Euler's classic difference lemma.
description: 3 pages
The ADAPT Enhanced Dependency Parser at the IWPT 2020 Shared Task
Creators: name: Barry, James
name: Wagner, Joachim
name: Foster, Jennifer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We describe the ADAPT system for the 2020 IWPT Shared Task on parsing enhanced Universal Dependencies in 17 languages. We implement a pipeline approach using UDPipe and UDPipe-future to provide initial levels of annotation. The enhanced dependency graph is either produced by a graph-based semantic dependency parser or is built from the basic tree using a small set of heuristics. Our results show that, for the majority of languages, a semantic dependency parser can be successfully applied to the task of parsing enhanced dependencies. Unfortunately, we did not ensure a connected graph as part of our pipeline approach and our competition submission relied on a last-minute fix to pass the validation script which harmed our official evaluation scores significantly. Our submission ranked eighth in the official evaluation with a macro-averaged coarse ELAS F1 of 67.23 and a treebank average of 67.49. We later implemented our own graph-connecting fix which resulted in a score of 79.53 (language average) or 79.76 (treebank average), which would have placed fourth in the competition evaluation.
description: Submitted to the 2020 IWPT shared task on parsing Enhanced Universal Dependencies
On the unified change of directional/aspectual verb particles in French
Creators: name: Troberg, Michelle
name: Leung, Justin
Publisher: name: Journal of Historical Syntax
Year: 2021

description: The categoric loss of verb particles in the history of French remains problematic in diachronic accounts of Medieval French syntax and Romance syntax in general. There is surprisingly little convergence in the literature about the cause of change and previous quantitative studies in the last 10 years are inconclusive about whether or not the particles pattern as a single unified change or as a series of gradual low-level lexical changes. To address this issue, we test the hypothesis that the Constant Rate Effect (CRE; Kroch 1989) applies to this phenomenon by examining the time course of change of four verb particles: jus ‘down’, fors/hors ‘out’, arrière ‘back’ and avant ‘forward’ as they appear in 770 texts that date from 1150 to 1699. Our findings, supported by the statistical tools of logistic regression and mixed-effects Poisson regression, establish that the particles change at a constant rate, consistent with an analysis whereby the loss of each particle is a reflex of an underlying grammatical change. The study has implications for the formal description of the broader typological change involving motion events that occurred in the evolution from Latin to Modern French.
description: Journal of Historical Syntax, Vol 5 No 40 (2021): On the unified change of directional/aspectual verb particles in French
Spontaneously Fermentation of Dromedary Camel Milk and Isolation of Lactic Acid Bacteria
Creators: name: Ahmed, Neji
name: Zeineb, Jrad
name: Olfa, Oussaeif
name: Amna, Chahbani
name: Halima, El-Hatmi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: lactic acid bacteria, camel milk, fermentation, physicochemicalanalysis

description: Presented as poster communication and in Book of Abstracts of XVIIèmes Journées Nationales & Vèmes Journées Internationales de Microbiologie. 15-17 Novembre 2024.
Statistical mechanics of confined quantum particles
Creators: name: Bannur, Vishnu M.
name: Udayanandan, K. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop statistical mechanics and thermodynamics of Bose and Fermi systems in relativistic harmonic oscillator (RHO) confining potential, which may be applicable in quark gluon plasma (QGP), astrophysics, Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC), condensed matter physics etc. Detailed study of QGP system is carried out and compared with lattice results. Further, as an application, our equation of state (EoS) of QGP is used to study compact stars like quark star.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, article
Supplementary Materials - Rice husk biochars modified with magnetized iron oxides and nano zero valent iron for decolorization of dyeing wastewater treatment
Creators: name: Trinh, Bao-Son
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: This is the Supplementary of the article entitled "Rice husk biochars modified with magnetized iron oxides and nano zero valent iron for decolorization of dyeing wastewater treatment'
Escape of photons from two fixed extreme Reissner-Nordström black holes
Creators: name: Alonso, Daniel
name: Ruiz, Antonia
name: Sánchez-Hernández, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the scattering of light (null geodesics) by two fixed extreme Reissner-Nordström black holes, in which the gravitational attraction of their masses is exactly balanced with the electrostatic repulsion of their charges, allowing a static spacetime. We identify the set of unstable periodic orbits that constitute the fractal repeller that completely describes the chaotic escape dynamics of photons. In the framework of periodic orbit theory, the analysis of the linear stability of the unstable periodic orbits is used to obtain the main quantities of chaos that characterize the escape dynamics of the photons scattered by the black holes. In particular, the escape rate which is compared with the result obtained from numerical simulations that consider statistical ensembles of photons. We also analyze the dynamics of photons in the proximity of a perturbed black hole and give an analytical estimation for the escape rate in this system.
description: Final version
Self-Supervised Prediction of the Intention to Interact with a Service Robot
Creators: name: Abbate, Gabriele
name: Giusti, Alessandro
name: Schmuck, Viktor
name: Celiktutan, Oya
name: Paolillo, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A service robot can provide a smoother interaction experience if it has the ability to proactively detect whether a nearby user intends to interact, in order to adapt its behavior e.g. by explicitly showing that it is available to provide a service. In this work, we propose a learning-based approach to predict the probability that a human user will interact with a robot before the interaction actually begins; the approach is self-supervised because after each encounter with a human, the robot can automatically label it depending on whether it resulted in an interaction or not. We explore different classification approaches, using different sets of features considering the pose and the motion of the user. We validate and deploy the approach in three scenarios. The first collects $3442$ natural sequences (both interacting and non-interacting) representing employees in an office break area: a real-world, challenging setting, where we consider a coffee machine in place of a service robot. The other two scenarios represent researchers interacting with service robots ($200$ and $72$ sequences, respectively). Results show that, even in challenging real-world settings, our approach can learn without external supervision, and can achieve accurate classification (i.e. AUROC greater than $0.9$) of the user's intention to interact with an advance of more than $3$s before the interaction actually occurs.
description: Paper under revision for Robotics and Autonomous Systems journal