cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Slope Stability Analysis:
title: A Computerized Solution of Bishop’s Simplified Method of Slices
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Yoder, Steve M.
name: Hopkins, Tommy C.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1973
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: A computer program based on Bishop's simplified method of slices (1954) and capable of analyzing the slope stability of a multilayered soil mass is described. The computer program was specifically developed for analyzing the slope stability of highway bridge approach embankments; however, it can be applied to a broad spectrum of practical slope configurations and bearing capacity problems. Details of the use, applications, and accuracy of the program are presented. Important features of the computer program include a grid type, search operation for locating the critical shear surface and a ledger printout of the forces acting on each individual slice. The latter feature was included so that results of the computer program could be compared to those obtained from manual computations. Pore pressures in the computer program are handled in a manner described by Bishop (1954). Additionally, for seepage cases, infinite slope conditions are assumed and used to simulate a flow net.
A proof of a generalization of Deligne's conjecture
Creators: name: Varshavsky, Yakov
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 14F20; Secondary: 11G25, 14G15

description: The goal of this paper is to give a simple proof of Deligne's conjecture (proven by Fujiwara) and to generalize it to the situation appearing in our joint project with David Kazhdan on the global Langlands correspondence over function fields. Our proof holds in the realm of ordinary algebraic geometry and does not use rigid geometry.
description: Research announcement, published version
Tariff and Tariff Rate Quota Liberalization in the South African Livestock Industry: Approaches to Welfare Measurement
Creators: name: Oyewumi, Olubukola Ayodeju
name: Jooste, Andre
name: Britz, Wolfgang
name: Van Schalkwyk, Herman D.
name: Oyewumi, Olubukola Ayodeju
name: Jooste, Andre
name: Britz, Wolfgang
name: Van Schalkwyk, Herman D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: International Relations/Trade
Livestock Production/Industries

description: The liberalization of the agricultural sector and phasing out of past protection mechanisms in South Africa saw the introduction of a process of tariff reform. Furthermore, a system of tariff rate quotas was introduced in compliance with WTO regulations. This study uses a partial equilibrium comparative static model to measure the welfare effects of further liberalization in the livestock industry of South Africa, particularly in meat products using four policy scenarios. The traditional method of welfare analyses using the CS and PS was applied, while the EV was used to integrate a well-behaved objective function. Although the CS and PS could have over-estimated welfare due to the fact that the demand system used in this study is non-linear, they still gave useful information sufficient to compare the impact of trade liberalization on consumers and producers of livestock products. Furthermore, the EV explains the income change necessary to attain the welfare level resulting from trade liberalization given the current prices. When expressed as a percentage of the real gross national income and real disposable income, the values are quite marginal. The results from both methods of welfare measurement suggest that it is worth considering the effects on producers if further trade liberalization is envisaged in the South African livestock industry.
Resonating valence bond realization of spin-1 non-Abelian chiral spin liquid on the torus
Creators: name: Zhang, Hua-Chen
name: Wu, Ying-Hai
name: Tu, Hong-Hao
name: Xiang, Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose resonating valence bond wave functions for a spin-1 system on the torus that realize a non-Abelian chiral spin liquid. The wave functions take the form of infinite dimensional matrix product states constructed from conformal blocks of the $\mathrm{SO}(3)_{1}$ Wess-Zumino-Witten model. This means that they are lattice analogues of the bosonic Moore-Read state introduced in fractional quantum Hall systems. The topological order of this system is revealed by explicit construction of three-fold degenerate ground states and analytical computation of the modular S and T matrices.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures
Superdiffusion and non-Gaussian statistics in a driven-dissipative 2D dusty plasma
Creators: name: Liu, Bin
name: Goree, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Anomalous diffusion and non-Gaussian statistics are detected experimentally in a two-dimensional driven-dissipative system. A single-layer dusty plasma suspension with a Yukawa interaction and frictional dissipation is heated with laser radiation pressure to yield a structure with liquid ordering. Analyzing the time series for mean-square displacement (MSD), superdiffusion is detected at a low but statistically significant level over a wide range of temperature. The probability distribution function (PDF) fits a Tsallis distribution, yielding q, a measure of non-extensivity for non-Gaussian statistics.
description: 9 pages text, 4 figures, in press Physical Review Letters 2008
Pavement Roughness, Measurement and Evaluation
Creators: name: Rizenbergs, Rolands L.
name: Burchett, James L.
name: Davis, Larry E.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1973
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: Vertical accelerations of a passenger in an automobile are automatically summed while traveling a section of road at 51.5 mph (23.0 m/s). A roughness index is obtained by dividing this sum by the time elapsed during the test. Continuity in measurements since 1957 has been preserved through correlations among successive vehicles involved and reference pavements.  In general, bituminous construction has yielded smoother-riding surfaces than concrete construction. The smoothness of concrete pavements, however, has improved on those projects where slip-form paving was used. Interstate and parkway (expressway) construction continues to yield smoother pavements than other major construction. The rate of increase in roughness was found to be different for each pavement type and varied according to the original or as-constructed roughness of the pavement, structural number, and the type of highway facility involved.
Stoll, Gerhard E. / Teuffen, Dietrich Hans: Schuld und Zeugnis
Creators: name: Kg.
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 30 Nr. 2 (1981): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 30, Heft 2
Accidents on Rural Interstate and Parkway Roads and Their Relation to Pavement Friction
Creators: name: Rizenbergs, Rolands L.
name: Burchett, James L.
name: Napier, Cass T.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1973
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: Friction measurements were made with a skid trailer at 70 mph (31 m/s) on 770 miles (1240 km) of rural, four-lane, controlled-access routes on the interstate and parkway systems in Kentucky. Each construction project was treated as a test section. Accident experience, friction measurements, and traffic volumes were obtained for each. Various relationships between wet-weather accidents and skid resistance were analyzed. The expression of accident occurrence which correlated best with skid and slip resistance was wet-weather accidents per 100 million vehicle miles. Accidents increased greatly as Skid Numbers (70 mph or 31 m/s) decreased from 27 ± 1. Analysis of Peak Slip Numbers and accident occurrences indicated similar trends.
Should I Lie to You? A Review of Victoria’s Law regarding Disclosure of Surrogacy Arrangements to the Children They Produce — Is it Compliant with the Convention on the Rights of the Child?
Creators: name: Butterfield, Meghan
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: This paper discusses the rights of children born via surrogacy arrangements (‘surrogate children’) in Victoria to be given information about the existence of the surrogate. Relevant provisions of the Assisted Reproductive Treatment Act 2008 (Vic) are analysed to show that donor-conceived children and surrogate children are treated differently when it comes to access to information regarding their heritage and birth which is based on a narrow conceptualisation of genetics and biology. By failing to take reasonable measures to ensure intended parents of surrogate children inform those children of the existence of the surrogate, it is argued that Victoria fails to comply with its obligations under arts 3, 7 and 8 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child.
Right and left, partisanship predicts (asymmetric) vulnerability to misinformation
Creators: name: Nikolov, Dimitar
name: Flammini, Alessandro
name: Menczer, Filippo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We analyze the relationship between partisanship, echo chambers, and vulnerability to online misinformation by studying news sharing behavior on Twitter. While our results confirm prior findings that online misinformation sharing is strongly correlated with right-leaning partisanship, we also uncover a similar, though weaker trend among left-leaning users. Because of the correlation between a user's partisanship and their position within a partisan echo chamber, these types of influence are confounded. To disentangle their effects, we perform a regression analysis and find that vulnerability to misinformation is most strongly influenced by partisanship for both left- and right-leaning users.
Traffic Control for Maintenance on High-Speed Highways
Creators: name: Seymour, William M.
name: Deen, Robert C.
name: Havens, James H.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1973
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: Observations were first made at lane closures on interstate highways where yellow warning signs were erected routinely in conjunction with contract work. Later data provided direct comparison between new yellow and new orange signs. One sign scheme was used throughout the study. Driver obedience improved when new signs of either color were used; this finding implies that signs should always be maintained in good condition. Orange signs were slightly more effective than yellow signs in reducing traffic conflicts and merges near the traffic cones. Results of the study tend to support the adoption of orange as the standard color for signing construction and maintenance sites. However, differences between the two colors were rather small. Driver preference polls supported the orange signs more strongly. A degree of driver insensitivity toward signing was shown. In general, variables such as short sight distances, high volumes, poor condition of signs, and driver insensitivity produced unsafe situations at lane closures. However, the scope of the study did not permit observations at sufficient sites and(or) at sufficient times to serve as a definitive exploration of such variables as weather, terrain, vertical and horizontal alignment, or level of service.
The Molecular ISM of Dwarf Galaxies on Kiloparsec Scales: A New Survey for CO in Northern, IRAS-detected Dwarf Galaxies
Creators: name: Leroy, Adam
name: Bolatto, Alberto D.
name: Simon, Joshua D.
name: Blitz, Leo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new survey for CO in dwarf galaxies using the Kitt Peak 12m telescope. We observed the central regions of 121 northern dwarfs with IRAS detections and no known CO emission. We detect CO in 28 of these galaxies and marginally detect another 16, increasing by about 50% the number of such galaxies known to have significant CO emission. The galaxies we detect are comparable in mass to the LMC, although somewhat brighter in CO and fainter in the FIR. Within dwarfs, we find that the CO luminosity, L_CO, is most strongly correlated with the K-band and the far infrared luminosities. There are also strong correlations with the radio continuum and B-band luminosities, and linear diameter. We suggest that L_CO and L_K correlate well because the stellar component of a galaxy dominates the midplane gravitational field and thus sets the pressure of the atomic gas, which controls the formation of H_2 from HI. We compare our sample with more massive galaxies and find that dwarfs and large galaxies obey the same relationship between CO and the 1.4 GHz radio continuum (RC) surface brightness. This relationship is well described by a Schmidt Law with Sigma_RC proportional to Sigma_CO^1.3. Therefore, dwarf galaxies and large spirals exhibit the same relationship between molecular gas and star formation rate (SFR). We find that this result is robust to moderate changes in the RC-to-SFR and CO-to-H_2 conversion factors. Our data appear to be inconsistent with large (order of magnitude) variations in the CO-to-H_2 conversion factor in the star forming molecular gas. [abridged]
description: 28 pages, 14 figures, 5 tables, ApJ accepted
The role of trust in the performance of supply chains: A dyad analysis of smallholder farmers and processing firms in the sugar industry in Swaziland
Creators: name: Masuku, Micah B.
name: Kirsten, Johann F.
name: Masuku, Micah B.
name: Kirsten, Johann F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of trust in the performance of the sugar industry supply chain in Swaziland. The study utilized perceptions of 124 smallholder cane growers in the sugar industry in Swaziland. Items presented in a Likert type scale were used to measure cane growers' trust in the millers. Descriptive statistics involving cross tabulation were used to determine the impact of trust on the performance of the cane growers, which in turn has an influence on the performance of the whole sugar chain. The results indicate that farmers who have trust in the millers perform better than those without trust, and hence they contribute to the performance of the whole chain, in terms of more and good quality sugarcane supplied to the mill. This implies more sugar production and increased income to the industry as a whole. The results imply that a relationship founded on trust and mutual respect is more likely to succeed than a relationship of convenience supported by legal contingencies. Therefore, there is a need for honesty, fairness and absence of opportunistic behaviour between millers and cane growers for the industry to improve its performance.
Stochastic efficiency optimisation of alternative agricultural water use strategies
Creators: name: Grove, Bennie
name: Grove, Bennie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Mathematical programming was used to optimise utility efficient deficit irrigation schedules for maize in Vaalharts, based on certainty equivalence assuming an exponential utility function. Total gross margin risk resulting from production risk of alternative deficit irrigation practices was quantified using an irrigation simulation model and stochastic budgeting procedures. Results showed that the portfolio of irrigation schedules for a risk averse farmer may include schedules with high production risk, due to the interaction of resource use between alternatives when water is limited. Owing to the difficulty of implementing the best portfolio of irrigation schedules, the optimised schedules may best be used to benchmark the efficiency of second best alternatives that are easier to implement. Ignoring risk may underestimate the value decision-makers attach to the security of water supply and policy-makers should take cognisance of this result.
PHENIX results on multiparticle correlations in small systems
Creators: name: Belmont, Ron
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: qm17
phenix
small systems
correlations
flow
d+au
fvtx
dca
cumulant
p+au
forward-rapidity
mid-rapidity
backward-rapidity

description: Talk presented at the Quark Matter 2017 conference
Dynamical control of qubit coherence: Random versus deterministic schemes
Creators: name: Santos, Lea F.
name: Viola, Lorenza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the problem of switching off unwanted phase evolution and decoherence in a single two-state quantum system in the light of recent results on random dynamical decoupling methods [L. Viola and E. Knill, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 94}, 060502 (2005)]. A systematic comparison with standard cyclic decoupling is effected for a variety of dynamical regimes, including the case of both semiclassical and fully quantum decoherence models. In particular, exact analytical expressions are derived for randomized control of decoherence from a bosonic environment. We investigate quantitatively control protocols based on purely deterministic, purely random, as well as hybrid design, and identify their relative merits and weaknesses at improving system performance. We find that for time-independent systems, hybrid protocols tend to perform better than pure random and may improve over standard asymmetric schemes, whereas random protocols can be considerably more stable against fluctuations in the system parameters. Beside shedding light on the physical requirements underlying randomized control, our analysis further demonstrates the potential for explicit control settings where the latter may significantly improve over conventional schemes.
description: 21 pages, 15 figures, to appear in Physical Review A, 72 (2005)
Bell correlations in a split two-mode-squeezed Bose-Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Kitzinger, Jonas
name: Meng, Xin
name: Fadel, Matteo
name: Ivannikov, Valentin
name: Nemoto, Kae
name: Munro, William J.
name: Byrnes, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose and analyze a protocol for observing a violation of the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt (CHSH) Bell inequality using two spatially separated Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs). To prepare the Bell-correlated state, spin-changing collisions are used to first prepare a two-mode squeezed BEC. This is then split into two BECs by controlling the spatial wavefunction, e.g., by modifying the trapping potential. Finally, spin-changing collisions are also exploited locally, to compensate local squeezing terms. The correlators appearing in the inequality are evaluated using three different approaches. In the first approach, correlators are estimated using normalized expectation values of number operators, in a similar way to evaluating continuous-variable Bell inequalities. An improvement to this approach is developed using the sign-binning of total spin measurements, which allows for the construction of two-outcome measurements and violations of the CHSH inequality without auxiliary assumptions. Finally, we show a third approach where maximal violations of the CH inequality can be obtained by assigning zero values to local vacua outcomes under a no-enhancement assumption. The effect of loss and imperfect detection efficiency is investigated and the observed violations are found to be robust to noise.
description: Updated published version; 21 pages, 4 figures
Auto-Utility Trailer Combinations on Rural Highways in Kentucky
Creators: name: Siria, Bruce S.
name: Deen, Robert C.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1973
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: An analysis of accident records indicated that auto-utility trailer (A-UT) combinations are involved in a disproportionately high number of traffic mishaps. Locations which have a history of accidents involving A-UT vehicles indicated that differential crosswinds and unanticipated driving maneuvers contribute to the driver's loss of control. A-UT combinations contributed to the fatigue loss in pavement life approximately 50 percent as much as single-unit, two-axle, six-tire trucks (per vehicle). In general, this vehicle type constituted approximately three percent of the total traffic stream. Analysis of speed distributions indicated an equivalency factor for A-UT combinations equal to that for trucks for similar roadway types and topographical conditions.
High Momentum Dilepton Production from Jets in a Quark Gluon Plasma
Creators: name: Turbide, Simon
name: Gale, Charles
name: Srivastava, Dinesh K.
name: Fries, Rainer J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the emission of high momentum lepton pairs in central Au+Au collisions at RHIC ($\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$200 GeV) and Pb+Pb collisions at the LHC ($\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$5500 GeV). Yields of dileptons produced through interactions of jets with thermal partons have been calculated, with next-to-leading order corrections through hard thermal loops (HTL) resummation. They are compared to thermal dilepton emission and the Drell-Yan process. A complete leading order treatment of jet energy loss has been included. Jet-plasma interactions are found to dominate over thermal dilepton emission for all values of the invariant mass $M$. Drell-Yan is the dominant source of high momentum lepton pairs for $M >$ 3 GeV at RHIC, after the background from heavy quark decays is subtracted. At LHC, the range $M<7$ GeV is dominated by jet-plasma interactions. Effects from jet energy loss on jet-plasma interactions turn out to be weak, but non-negligible, reducing the yield of low-mass dileptons by about 30%.
description: 20 pages, 12 figures, discussions added
Measuring perceived black economic empowerment in the South African wine industry
Creators: name: Janssens, W.
name: Sefoko, N.
name: Van Rooyen, Johan
name: Bostyn, F.
name: Janssens, W.
name: Sefoko, N.
name: Van Rooyen, Johan
name: Bostyn, F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: The aim of this study is to develop a scale to measure perceived black economic empowerment (BEE) as reported by beneficiaries themselves. Two scale development procedures were carried out on randomly selected samples of 213 and 322 previously disadvantaged individual respondents within 14 and 11wine business that cover the larger part of the wine industry chain. The results led to a 'feeling' self-report scale (5-dimensions) and an evolution self-report scale (6-dimensions). The emerged dimensions are: Business ownership and control (BOC), Access to finance (ATF), Employment and Human Resources Management (EMP) [internal and external], Social capital/enabling environment (SOC) and Lobbying power and collective action (LOB). First measurement results indicate that respondents feel less empowered with respect to BOC and ATF as compared to EMP, SOC and LOB. There appears to be no gender or age differences, but there are geographical differences. The latter is mostly per farm, that is, a lot of variation in BEE is observed at the firm level. The scale can be used at the firm and industry level as a diagnostic tool to monitor BEE progress as a complementary and not a substitutive framework to the wine industry scorecard as an objective measure of BEE. Future research should focus on the gap between the two definitions and assessment tools in order to comprehensively capture BEE in its entirety. The scale can also be adapted to fit the context, for example, its use in the agricultural sector at large.
Elicitation on prepositions and tense
Creators: name: Rudolph, Johnny (Soni)
name: Ding, Lydia
name: Drummond, Emily
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: nkr

description: One .wav audio file and one .rtf transcription file for an elicitation on prepositions, tense, and some ditransitives and adjectives. Corresponds to pages 106-111 in Notebook 1.
Proceedings of the Fifteenth Annual Convention (1982). 1983 Convention
Creators: name: Bovine Practitioners, American Association Of
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1982

description: On January 28-29, 1983 the Program Committee met in Oklahoma City to plan the program, and other events, under the chairmanship of Dr. Jenks Britt, for the 1983 Convention in Oklahoma City, November 28-December 1.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1982
Image of a regular phantom compact object and its luminosity under spherical accretions
Creators: name: Qin, Xin
name: Chen, Songbai
name: Jing, Jiliang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the shadow and its luminosity for a static and regular phantom compact object under the static spherical accretion and the infalling spherical accretion, respectively. Comparing with the usual Schwarzschild black hole, the presence of phantom hair yields the larger black hole shadow and the darker image. In both spherical accretion models, with the increase of phantom parameter, the maximum luminosity occurred at photon ring and the brightness of the central region in the shadow decrease, but in the region far from the shadow, the luminosity of image slightly increases. The image of a phantom wormhole and its luminosity have similar behaviors. Moreover, as the phantom charge parameter $α$ increases up to the critical value at where the compact object changes from black hole to wormhole, there exists a jump for the specific intensity, which also appears in the slowly rotating case. This implies that the phantom hair is imprinted on both the shadow radius and the intensity of the electromagnetic flux radiation around compacted object.
description: 19 pages, 13 figures. Accepted for publication in class. Quantum Grav
Mapping and characterizing magnetic fields in the Rho Ophiuchus-A molecular cloud with SOFIA/HAWC$+$
Creators: name: Lê, Ngân
name: Tram, Le Ngoc
name: Karska, Agata
name: Hoang, Thiem
name: Diep, Pham Ngoc
name: Hanasz, Michał
name: Ngoc, Nguyen Bich
name: Phuong, Nguyen Thi
name: Menten, Karl M.
name: Wyrowski, Friedrich
name: Nguyen, Dieu D.
name: Hoang, Thuong Duc
name: Khang, Nguyen Minh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (abridged) Together with gravity, turbulence, and stellar feedback, magnetic fields (B-fields) are thought to play a critical role in the evolution of molecular clouds and star formation processes. We aim to map the morphology and measure the strength of B-fields of the nearby molecular cloud, rho Ophiuchus-A ($ρ$ Oph-A), and then to understand the role of B-fields in regulating star formation and shaping the cloud. We have analyzed the far-infrared (FIR) polarization of thermal dust emission observed by SOFIA/HAWC$+$ at 89 and 154 $μ$m toward the densest part of $ρ$ Oph-A, which is irradiated by the nearby B3/4 star, Oph-S1. The cloud exhibits well-ordered B-fields with magnetic orientations mainly perpendicular to the ridge of the cloud toward the densest region and B-field strengths are in the range of 0.2-2.5 mG, using the Davis-Chandrasekhar-Fermi method. The B-fields are strongest at the densest part of the cloud, which is associated with the starless core SM1, and decreases toward the outskirts of the cloud. By calculating the map of the mass-to-flux ratio, Alfvén Mach number, and plasma $β$ parameter in $ρ$ Oph-A, we find that the cloud is predominantly magnetically sub-critical, sub-Alfvénic, which implies that the cloud is supported by strong B-fields that dominate over gravity, turbulence, and thermal gas energy. Measured B-field strengths at two densest subregions using other methods that account for the compressible mode are relatively lower than that measured with the DCF method but do not significantly change our conclusions on the roles of B-fields relative to gravity and turbulence on star formation. A virial analysis suggests that the cloud is gravitationally unbound. We find that B-fields are sufficiently strong to support the cloud against radiative feedback and to regulate the shape of the cloud.
description: Accepted to A&A
An inquiry into factors impacting on the competitiveness of the South African wine industry
Creators: name: Esterhuizen, Dirk
name: Van Rooyen, C.J.
name: Esterhuizen, Dirk
name: Van Rooyen, C.J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: This article is aiming to provide a comprehensive and understandable statement about the competitiveness of the South African wine industry. A measurement of the competitive performance of the South African wine industry - the WINE COMPETITIVENESS INDEX (WCI) - indicates that South Africa's wines are internationally highly competitive with a sustainable and increasing positive trend over recent years. The wine industry in South Africa also shows positive trends in competitiveness in the long run and it should not lose its competitiveness status in the near future if its dynamic ability to continue to trade is sustained. An analyse of the key success factors that established competitive advantage and constraints that impacted negatively on competitiveness of the wine industry through the - WINE EXECUTIVE SURVEY (WES) - indicates that for the present intense competition in the market, the production of affordable high quality products, stringent regulatory standards in the industry, efficient supporting industries, and the availability of internationally competitive local suppliers of primary inputs are the major success factors to the competitiveness of this industry. The major factors that impact negatively on the competitive success of this industry are the strong Rand, fluctuations in the exchange rate, trust in the political support system, competence of personnel in the public sector, crime, South Africa's labour policy and the growth and size of the local market. These factors should be crafted into a Strategic Plan for the industry.
Combined subleading high-energy logarithms and NLO accuracy for W production in association with multiple jets
Creators: name: Andersen, Jeppe R.
name: Black, James A.
name: Brooks, Helen M.
name: Byrne, Emmet P.
name: Maier, Andreas
name: Smillie, Jennifer M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large logarithmic corrections in $\hat s/p_t^2$ lead to substantial variations in the perturbative predictions for inclusive $W$-plus-dijet processes at the Large Hadron Collider. This instability can be cured by summing the leading-logarithmic contributions in $\hat s/p_t^2$ to all orders in $α_s$. As expected though, leading logarithmic accuracy is insufficient to guarantee a suitable description in regions of phase space away from the high energy limit. We present (i) the first calculation of all partonic channels contributing at next-to-leading logarithmic order in $W$-boson production in association with at least two jets, and (ii) bin-by-bin matching to next-to-leading fixed-order accuracy. This new perturbative input is implemented in \emph{High Energy Jets}, and systematically improves the description of available experimental data in regions of phase space which are formally subleading with respect to $\hat s/p_t^2$.
description: 54 pages, 23 figures. Journal version
Model closure and price formation under switching grain market regimes in South Africa
Creators: name: Meyer, Ferdinand H.
name: Westhoff, Patrick C.
name: Binfield, Julian C.R.
name: Kirsten, Johann F.
name: Meyer, Ferdinand H.
name: Westhoff, Patrick C.
name: Binfield, Julian C.R.
name: Kirsten, Johann F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This paper develops the structure and closure of an econometric regime-switching model within a partial equilibrium framework that has the ability to generate reliable estimates and projections of endogenous variables under market switching regimes. Models used in policy evaluation usually either ignore the possibility of regime switching using just a single method of price determination based on average effects, or incorporate highly stylised components that may not reflect the complexities of a particular market. This paper proposes an approach that the authors believe allows the incorporation of features of regime switching in a multisector commodity level model that capture salient features of the South African market and therefore are able to produce more reliable projections of the evolution of the sector under alternative shocks.
Probing the Physics of Star-Formation (ProPStar) III. No evidence for dissipation of turbulence down to 20 mpc (4 000 au) scale
Creators: name: Pineda, Jaime E.
name: Soler, Juan D.
name: Offner, Stella
name: Koch, Eric W.
name: Segura-Cox, Dominique M.
name: Neri, Roberto
name: Kuffmeier, Michael
name: Ivlev, Alexei V.
name: Valdivia-Mena, Maria Teresa
name: Sipilä, Olli
name: Maureira, Maria Jose
name: Caselli, Paola
name: Cunningham, Nichol
name: Schmiedeke, Anika
name: Gieser, Caroline
name: Chen, Michael
name: Spezzano, Silvia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Turbulence is a key component of molecular cloud structure. It is usually described by a cascade of energy down to the dissipation scale. The power spectrum for subsonic incompressible turbulence is $k^{-5/3}$, while for supersonic turbulence it is $k^{-2}$. Aims. We aim to determine the power spectrum in an actively star-forming molecular cloud, from parsec scales down to the expected magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) wave cutoff (dissipation scale). Methods. We analyze observations of the nearby NGC 1333 star-forming region in three different tracers to cover the different scales from $\sim$10 pc down to 20 mpc. The largest scales are covered with the low density gas tracer $^{13}$CO (1-0) obtained with single dish, the intermediate scales are covered with single-dish observations of the C$^{18}$O (3-2) line, while the smallest scales are covered in H$^{13}$CO$^+$ (1-0) and HNC (1-0) with a combination of NOEMA interferometer and IRAM 30m single dish observations. The complementarity of these observations enables us to generate a combined power spectrum covering more than two orders of magnitude in spatial scale. Results. We derive the power spectrum in an active star-forming region spanning more than 2 decades of spatial scales. The power spectrum of the intensity maps shows a single power-law behavior, with an exponent of 2.9$\pm$0.1 and no evidence of dissipation. Moreover, there is evidence for the power-spectrum of the ions to have more power at smaller scales than the neutrals, which is opposite from theoretical expectations. Conclusions. We show new possibilities of studying the dissipation of energy at small scales in star-forming regions provided by interferometric observations.
description: 6 pages (+2 appendix), 5 figures. Accepted to A&A Letters. GitHub repo with code available at https://github.com/jpinedaf/NGC1333_NOEMA_turbulence
Probability for Primordial Black Holes Pair in 1/R Gravity
Creators: name: Paul, Dilip
name: Paul, Bikash Chandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The probability for quantum creation of an inflationary universe with a pair of black holes in 1/R - gravitational theory has been studied. Considering a gravitational action which includes a cosmological constant ($Λ$) in addition to $ δR^{- 1} $ term, the probability has been evaluated in a semiclassical approximation with Hartle-Hawking boundary condition. We obtain instanton solutions determined by the parameters $δ$ and $Λ$ satisfying the constraint $ δ\leq \frac{4 Λ^{2}}{3}$. However, we note that two different classes of instanton solutions exists in the region $0 < δ< \frac{4 Λ^{2}}{3}$. The probabilities of creation of such configurations are evaluated. It is found that the probability of creation of a universe with a pair of black holes is strongly suppressed with a positive cosmological constant except in one case when $0 < δ< Λ^{2}$. It is also found that gravitational instanton solution is permitted even with $Λ= 0$ but one has to consider $δ< 0$. However, in the later case a universe with a pair of black holes is less probable.
description: 15 pages, no figure. submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Gravitational-wave Signals From Three-dimensional Supernova Simulations With Different Neutrino-Transport Methods
Creators: name: Andresen, Haakon
name: Glas, Robert
name: Janka, H-Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare gravitational-wave (GW) signals from eight three-dimensional simulations of core-collapse supernovae, using two different progenitors with zero-age main sequence masses of 9 and 20 solar masses. The collapse of each progenitor was simulated four times, at two different grid resolutions and with two different neutrino transport methods, using the Aenus-Alcar code. The main goal of this study is to assess the validity of recent concerns that the so-called "Ray-by-Ray+" (RbR+) approximation is problematic in core-collapse simulations and can adversely affect theoretical GW predictions. Therefore, signals from simulations using RbR+ are compared to signals from corresponding simulations using a fully multidimensional (FMD) transport scheme. The 9 solar-mass progenitor successfully explodes, whereas the 20 solar-mass model does not. Both the standing accretion shock instability and hot-bubble convection develop in the postshock layer of the non-exploding models. In the exploding models, neutrino-driven convection in the postshock flow is established around 100 ms after core bounce and lasts until the onset of shock revival. We can, therefore, judge the impact of the numerical resolution and neutrino transport under all conditions typically seen in non-rotating core-collapse simulations. We find excellent qualitative agreement in all GW features. We find minor quantitative differences between simulations, but find no systematic differences between simulations using different transport schemes. Resolution-dependent differences in the hydrodynamic behaviour of low-resolution and high-resolution models have a greater impact on the GW signals than consequences of the different transport methods. Furthermore, increasing the resolution decreases the discrepancies between models with different neutrino transport.
description: Fixed two issues that came up during the proof. Two sentences was added to the beginning of 4.2 to ensure that the figure number agrees with the order of which figures are mentioned in the text. Corrected duplicate figure reference in the second to last paragraph of the conclusion
Dynamic Jahn-Teller effect in the strong spin-orbit coupling regime
Creators: name: Zivkovic, Ivica
name: Soh, Jian-Rui
name: Malanyuk, Oleg
name: Yadav, Ravi
name: Pisani, Federico
name: Tehrani, Aria M.
name: Tolj, Davor
name: Pasztorova, Jana
name: Hirai, Daigorou
name: Wei, Yuan
name: Zhang, Wenliang
name: Galdino, Carlos
name: Yu, Tianlun
name: Ishii, Kenji
name: Demuer, Albin
name: Yazyev, Oleg V.
name: Schmitt, Thorsten
name: Ronnow, Henrik M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exotic quantum phases, arising from a complex interplay of charge, spin, lattice and orbital degrees of freedom, are of immense interest to a wide research community. A well-known example of such an entangled behavior is the Jahn-Teller effect, where the lifting of orbital degeneracy proceeds through lattice distortions, often accompanied by ordering of spins and metal-insulator transitions. Static distortions, including cooperative behavior, have been associated with colossal magneto-resistance, multiferroicity, high-$T_\mathrm{C}$ superconductivity and other correlated phenomena. Realizations of the dynamic Jahn-Teller effect, on the other hand, are scarce since the preservation of vibronic symmetries requires subtle tuning of the local environment. Here we demonstrate that a highly-symmetrical 5d$^1$ double perovskite Ba$_2$MgReO$_6$, comprising of a 3D array of isolated ReO$_6$ octahedra, fulfils these requirements, resulting in a unique case of a dynamic Jahn-Teller system with strong spin-orbit coupling. Thermodynamic and resonant inelastic x-ray scattering experiments undoubtedly show that the Jahn-Teller instability leads to a ground-state doublet, invoking a paradigm shift for this family of compounds. The restoration of vibronic degrees of freedom arises from a quantum-mechanical zero-point motion, as revealed by detailed quantum chemistry calculations. The dynamic state of ReO$_6$ octahedra persists down to the lowest temperatures, where a multipolar order sets in, allowing for investigations of the interplay between a dynamic JT effect and strongly correlated electron behavior.
Plane2Depth: Hierarchical Adaptive Plane Guidance for Monocular Depth Estimation
Creators: name: Liu, Li
name: Zhu, Ruijie
name: Deng, Jiacheng
name: Song, Ziyang
name: Yang, Wenfei
name: Zhang, Tianzhu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Monocular depth estimation aims to infer a dense depth map from a single image, which is a fundamental and prevalent task in computer vision. Many previous works have shown impressive depth estimation results through carefully designed network structures, but they usually ignore the planar information and therefore perform poorly in low-texture areas of indoor scenes. In this paper, we propose Plane2Depth, which adaptively utilizes plane information to improve depth prediction within a hierarchical framework. Specifically, in the proposed plane guided depth generator (PGDG), we design a set of plane queries as prototypes to softly model planes in the scene and predict per-pixel plane coefficients. Then the predicted plane coefficients can be converted into metric depth values with the pinhole camera model. In the proposed adaptive plane query aggregation (APGA) module, we introduce a novel feature interaction approach to improve the aggregation of multi-scale plane features in a top-down manner. Extensive experiments show that our method can achieve outstanding performance, especially in low-texture or repetitive areas. Furthermore, under the same backbone network, our method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods on the NYU-Depth-v2 dataset, achieves competitive results with state-of-the-art methods KITTI dataset and can be generalized to unseen scenes effectively.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures, 8 tables
Municipal commonage and implications for land reform: A profile of commonage users in Philippolis, Free State, South Africa
Creators: name: Atkinson, D.
name: Buscher, B.
name: Atkinson, D.
name: Buscher, B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: This paper reports on a survey of municipal commonage users, which was undertaken in Philippolis in the southern Free State, in May 2005. The survey showed that a significant number of commonage users are committed to their farming enterprises, as shown by five proxy indicators: Their readiness to plough their income into their farming enterprises; their sale of livestock; their desire for more land, and their willingness to pay rental to secure such land; their desire to farm on their own; and their desire to own their own land. The paper reflects on the significance of commonage in the context of the South African government's land reform policy, and argues that commonage can transcend survivalist or subsistence production, and can be used as a stepping stone for emergent farmers to access their own land parcels. Finally, the paper argues that, if commonage is to become a key part in a step-up strategy of land reform, then appropriately sized land parcels should be made available for commonage users, to enable them to exit from commonage use and invest in smallholdings or small farms.
Transaction fees in banking machine networks : a spatial and empirical analysis
Creators: name: Croft, Elizabeth W.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis concerns the effects of network member features on the pricing of automated teller machine (ATM) transactions. The first chapter outlines the development of ATM networks and provides an institutional and public policy backdrop for the theoretical and empirical analysis in the thesis. ATM fees have recently received increased attention in North America due to the Interac abuse of dominance case in Canada and the widespread introduction of surcharge fees at ATMs in the United States. In Chapter 2, a new circular spatial model of ATM networks is developed and used to analyze the pricing preferences of banks when choosing to link their proprietary ATM networks into a shared network. This model captures the consumer trade-off between the inconvenience of travelling to a machine of their own bank and the fee charged to use the machine of a rival bank. In this chapter, there are two banks, which differ only with respect to the size of their client bases. The results show that the smaller bank's preferred common transaction fee always exceeds that of its larger competitor. The bank with the larger client base will always choose to link networks provided that the common fee charged by both banks is non-negative. For both banks there is always a range of common fees for which there is mutual gain from linking the networks. When surcharges are allowed, both banks have an incentive to raise fees above the common fee that was charged previously. In Chapter 3 the model is adapted to consider the effects of an asymmetry in the number of machines owned by each bank. For the same client base in each bank, the results show that the bank with the larger number of machines prefers a higher common fee than does its rival. When surcharges are allowed, the bank with the larger number of ATM machines will choose to price discriminate by location of machine. Such behaviour has been observed in the United States.
Nuclear modification of B-mesons in Cu+Au collisions at 200 GeV measured through the B->J/Psi decay by the PHENIX experiment
Creators: name: da Silva, Cesar Luiz
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: qm17
phenix
cu+au
b-meson
J/Ψ
nuclear
modification
raa
heavy flavor
muon arms
vtx
fvtx
dca
p+p

description: Talk presented at the Quark Matter 2017 conference