cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Sedentary Behavior, Physical Activity, and Likelihood of Breast Cancer among Black and White Women: A Report from the Southern Community Cohort Study
Creators: name: Bradshaw, Patrick T.
name: Blot, William J.
name: Cohen, Sarah S.
name: Buchowski, Maciej S.
name: Lipworth, Loren
name: Signorello, Lisa B.
name: Matthews, Charles E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Increased physical activity has been shown to be protective for breast cancer although few studies have examined this association in black women. In addition, limited evidence to date indicates that sedentary behavior may be an independent risk factor for breast cancer. We examined sedentary behavior and physical activity in relation to subsequent incident breast cancer in a nested case-control study within 546 cases (374 among black women) and 2,184 matched controls enrolled in the Southern Community Cohort Study. Sedentary and physically active behaviors were assessed via self-report at study baseline (2002–2009) using a validated physical activity questionnaire. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate mutually adjusted odds ratios (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) for quartiles of sedentary and physical activity measures in relation to breast cancer risk. Being in the highest versus lowest quartile of total sedentary behavior (≥12 hours/day versus <5.5 hours/day) was associated with increased odds of breast cancer among white women (OR=1.94 [95% CI 1.01–3.70], p for trend=0.1) but not black women (OR=1.23 [95% CI 0.82–1.83], p for trend=0.6) after adjustment for physical activity. After adjustment for sedentary activity, greater physical activity was associated with reduced odds for breast cancer among white women (p for trend=0.03) only. In conclusion, independent of one another, sedentary behavior and physical activity are risk factors for breast cancer among white women. Differences in these associations between black and white women require further investigation. Reducing sedentary behavior and increasing physical activity are potentially independent targets for breast cancer prevention interventions.
Thermonuclear detonations ensuing white dwarf mergers
Creators: name: Dan, Marius
name: Guillochon, James
name: Brüggen, Marcus
name: Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico
name: Rosswog, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The merger of two white dwarfs (WDs) has for many years not been considered as the favoured model for the progenitor system of type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia). But recent years have seen a change of opinion as a number of studies, both observational and theoretical, have concluded that they should contribute significantly to the observed type Ia supernova rate. In this paper, we study the ignition and propagation of detonation through post-merger remnants and we follow the resulting nucleosynthesis up to the point where a homologous expansion is reached. In our study we cover the entire range of WD masses and compositions. For the emergence of a detonation we study three different setups. The first two are guided by the merger remnants from our earlier simulations (Dan et al. 2014}, while for the third one the ignitions were set by placing hotspots with properties determined by spatially resolved calculations taken from the literature. There are some caveats to our approach which we investigate. We carefully compare the nucleosynthetic yields of successful explosions with SN Ia observations. Only three of our models are consistent with all the imposed constraints and potentially lead to a standard type Ia event. The first one, a $0.45\,M_\odot\ {\rm helium\ (He)} + 0.9 \,M_\odot$ carbon-oxygen (CO) WD system produces a sub-luminous, SN 1991bg-like event while the other two, a $0.45\,M_\odot\ {\rm He} + 1.1\,M_\odot$ oxygen-neon (ONe) WD system and a $1.05+1.05\,M_\odot$ system with two CO WDs, are good candidates for common SNe Ia.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
(401792) Ann Loveluck
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(401795) Mary Ann Baxter
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Effects of low-residue diet on rectal distension and its consequential effects on artifact/prostate MRI quality.
Creators: name: Tansey, Paul
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: MR physics
subject: Oncology
subject: Pelvis
subject: MR
subject: Education
subject: Image verification

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Prostate cancer is the second most common type of cancer and fifth most common cause of death in men worldwide [1] In Ireland, more than 3300 men are diagnosed with prostate cancer each year [2] In 2017, the results of a new study called 'PROMIS'...
Quantizing Galilean spacetime: a reconstruction of Maxwell's equations in empty space
Creators: name: Klein, Ulf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 70S99, 70H05, 81P05, 81S99, 83C50

description: As was recently shown, non-relativistic quantum theory can be derived by means of a projection method from a continuum of classical solutions for (massive) particles. In this paper we show that Maxwell's equations in empty space can be derived using the same method. In this case the starting point is a continuum of solutions of equations of motion for massless particles describing the structure of Galilean space-time. As a result of the projection, the space-time structure itself is changed by the appearance of a new fundamental constant $c$ with the dimension of a velocity. This maximum velocity $c$, derived here for massless particles, is analogous to the accuracy limit $\hbar$ derived earlier for massive particles. The projection method can thus be interpreted as a generalized quantization. We suspect that all fundamental fields can be traced back to continuous sets of particle trajectories, and that in this sense the particle concept is more fundamental than the field concept.
description: 21 pages, 2 figures
Концептуальні засади імплементації штучного інтелекту в судочинство та виконавче провадження
Creators: name: Ковалів Мирослав Володимирович
name: Сидор Маркіян Ярославович
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: штучний інтелект, суд, судочинство, ускладнення у виконавчому провадженні, відстрочення і розстрочення виконання рішення суду, заходи примусового виконання, виконавче провадження, ухвала суду, боржник та стягувач, державний та приватний виконавець, правочини у виконавчому провадженні, примусове виконання рішень судів та інших юрисдикційних органів, захист прав особи, звернення стягнення, виконавчі документи

description: У статті здійснено концептуальний аналіз питань, пов’язаних із запровадженням штучного інтелекту (ШІ) у сфери судочинства та виконавчого провадження. Акцентовано на тому, що технологічний прогрес у цій сфері випереджає розвиток відповідних нормативно-правових механізмів. Доведено, що ШІ слід розглядати лише як допоміжний інструмент для підтримки діяльності суддів та виконавців, здатний оптимізувати рутинні процеси та покращити доступ до інформації, а не як повну заміну людського фактору. Проаналізовано міжнародний досвід (Колумбія, Велика Британія, Китай) та перші кроки в Україні (ЄСІТС, «Електронний суд», «Дія», АСВП), що свідчать про поступове впровадження ШІ у судочинство та виконавче провадження. Особливу увагу приділено необхідності збереження балансу між технологічною ефективністю та неухильним дотриманням фундаментальних прав людини, включаючи право на справедливий суд, належну правову процедуру, захист персональних даних та недопущення дискримінації. Констатовано ризик знеособлення юридичного процесу внаслідок застосування ШІ, оскільки технології позбавлені емпатії та контекстуального розуміння, що є важливим у судочинстві та особливо у виконавчому провадженні. Наголошено на необхідності збереження людського контролю над ключовими рішеннями та розробці нормативної бази, яка б враховувала соціальні та економічні наслідки застосування ШІ. Оптимальним підходом визначено регулювання, що забезпечує відповідальне використання ШІ та мінімізацію потенційних ризиків для прав людини та правовладдя. Наголошено на важливості імплементації положень міжнародно-правових актів, зокрема Рамкової конвенції Ради Європи про ШІ, у національне законодавство України для створення гармонійної системи, де технологічний прогрес поєднується з повагою до прав людини та принципами правової держави.
title: Associations between Dynamic-Contrast enhanced MRI and Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and tumor-stroma ratio in head and neck squamous cell cancer
Creators: name: Meyer, Hans-Jonas
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Head and neck
subject: MR
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Neoplasia

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Dynamic-contrast enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) quantifies the time dependent influx of contrast media into tissues (1,2). In most studies, the investigated parameters are volume transfer constant or K trans , rate constant or K ep and volume fraction of...
C-reactive Protein and Risk of Colorectal Adenomas or Serrated Polyps: A Prospective Study
Creators: name: Barry, Elizabeth L.
name: Mott, Leila A.
name: Baron, John A.
name: Baxter, Gwen J.
name: Burke, Carol A.
name: Sandler, Robert S.
name: Figueiredo, Jane C.
name: Crockett, Seth D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) is a sensitive marker of systemic inflammation. Since there is a well-recognized relationship between local inflammation and colorectal cancer, we aimed to evaluate whether serum CRP levels were associated with the occurrence of colorectal adenomas and serrated polyps using data from a large adenoma prevention trial. 930 participants with a history of colorectal adenomas were enrolled in a randomized trial of calcium supplementation (1200 mg/day) for the prevention of colorectal adenomas. Outcomes in this analysis are metachronous adenomas (and advanced neoplasms specifically), and serrated polyps at follow-up colonoscopy. High sensitivity CRP levels were measured 1 year following baseline colonoscopy. Multivariate analysis was performed to estimate risk ratios (RR) using Poisson regression, controlling for potential confounders. We measured serum CRP levels in 689 participants(mean CRP 3.62mg/L ± 5.72). There was no difference in CRP levels with respect to calcium vs. placebo treatment assignment (p=0.99). After adjustment for potential confounders, we found no association between CRP level and risk of recurrent adenoma or advanced lesion (Quartile 4 vs. Quartile 1: RR (95% CI) = 0.99 (0.73, 1.34) and 0.92 (0.49, 1.75) respectively). Similarly, no association was seen between CRP levels and riskof serrated polypsor proximal serrated polyps(Quartile 4 vs. Quartile 1: RR (95% CI) = 1.32 (0.85, 2.03) and 1.19 (0.54, 2.58) respectively. In conclusion, this large prospective colorectal adenoma chemoprevention study found no significant relationship between CRP levels and occurrence of adenomas, advanced neoplasms, or serrated polyps.
Anti-Mullerian Hormone Concentrations in Premenopausal Women and Breast Cancer Risk
Creators: name: Troester, Melissa A.
name: Whitworth, Kristina W.
name: Stanczyk, Frank Z.
name: Sandler, Dale P.
name: Steiner, Anne Z.
name: Baird, Donna D.
name: Nichols, Hazel B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Laboratory models support an inverse association between anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and breast tumor development. Human studies are lacking; one study (N=105 cases, 204 controls) with prospectively-collected serum reported the opposite—an approximate 10-fold increase in breast cancer risk comparing 4th to 1st quartile AMH levels. We investigated the relation between serum AMH levels and breast cancer risk in a case-control (N=452 cases, 902 controls) study nested within the prospective Sister Study cohort of 50,884 women. At enrollment, participants were ages 35-54, premenopausal, and completed questionnaires on medical and family history, lifestyle factors, and demographics. AMH (ng/ml) was measured by ultrasensitive ELISA in serum collected at enrollment and log-transformed for analysis. Multivariate conditional logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to account for matching on age and enrollment year. Mean age at enrollment was 46.8 years with an average 2.9 years from blood draw to breast cancer diagnosis (SD=1.9). AMH concentrations were below the limit of detection (0.003 ng/ml) for ~25% of samples. Compared with samples below the LOD, women with AMH >2.84 ng/ml (90th percentile among controls) had a two-fold increase in breast cancer odds (OR=2.25; 95% CI: 1.26-4.02). For each 1-unit increase in lnAMH, overall breast cancer odds increased by 8% (OR=1.08; 95% CI: 1.02-1.15) and odds of ER-positive, invasive disease increased by 15% (OR=1.15; 95% CI: 1.05-1.25). Our findings demonstrate an overall positive relation between AMH and breast cancer.
PT invariant Weyl semimetals in gauge symmetric systems
Creators: name: Lepori, L.
name: Fulga, I. C.
name: Trombettoni, A.
name: Burrello, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weyl semimetals typically appear in systems in which either time-reversal (T) or inversion (P}) symmetry are broken. Here we show that in the presence of gauge potentials these topological states of matter can also arise in fermionic lattices preserving both T and P. We analyze in detail the case of a cubic lattice model with $π$-fluxes, discussing the role of gauge symmetries in the formation of Weyl points and the difference between the physical and the canonical T and P symmetries. Motivated by advances in ultracold atom experiments and by the possibility of using synthetic magnetic fields, we examine the robustness of the Weyl semimetal phase in the presence of trapping potentials and random perturbations of the magnetic fluxes, which can be compared to a local disorder in realistic scenarios.
description: Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
title: Pictorial review of solitary fibrous tumours of the pleura with pathological correlation
Creators: name: Portella Alegre, Andrea
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Lung
subject: Oncology
subject: Thorax
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: PET-CT
subject: Education
subject: Surgery
subject: Cancer
subject: Education and training
subject: Neoplasia

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Defined the principal imaging features of solitary fibrous pleural tumors by chest radiography, computerized tomography, resonance magnetic and positron emission tomography, as well as a correlation with pathological...
Modified uncertainty principle from the free expansion of a Bose-Einstein Condensate
Creators: name: Castellanos, Elías
name: Escamilla-Rivera, Celia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we present a theoretical and numerical analysis of the free expansion of a Bose-Einstein condensate, where we assume that the single particle energy spectrum is deformed due to a possible quantum structure of spacetime. Also, we consider the presence of interparticle interactions in order to study more realistic and specific scenarios. The modified free velocity expansion of the condensate leads in a natural way to a modification of the uncertainty principle, which allows us to investigate some possible features of the Planck scale regime in low-energy earth-based experiments.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
title: Pediatric Vascular Malformations in the Brain. A pictorial review.
Creators: name: Saez De Gordoa Elizalde, Estibaliz
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Paediatric
subject: Vascular
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Education
subject: Arteriovenous malformations
subject: Fistula

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: - To describe the most common radiological findings in pediatric vascular malformations in the brain, using different imaging techniques. - To review the current classification in pediatric vascular...
Study of nuclear corrections on the charged hadron fragmentation functions in a Neural Network global QCD analysis
Creators: name: Soleymaninia, Maryam
name: Hashamipour, Hadi
name: Khanpour, Hamzeh
name: Shoeib, Samira
name: Mohamaditabar, Alireza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we present a new global QCD analyses, referred to as PKHFF.23, for charged pion, kaon, and unidentified light hadrons. We utilize a Neural Network to fit the high-energy lepton-lepton and lepton-hadron scattering data, enabling us to determine parton-to-hadron fragmentation functions (FFs) at next-to-leading-order (NLO) accuracy. The analyses include all available single-inclusive $e^+e^-$ annihilation (SIA) and semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering (SIDIS) data from the COMPASS Collaboration for charged pions, kaons, and unidentified light hadrons. Taking into account the most recent nuclear parton distribution functions (nuclear PDFs) available in the literature, we evaluate the effect of nuclear corrections on the determination of light hadrons FFs. The Neural Network parametrization, enriched with the Monte Carlo methodology for uncertainty estimations, is employed for all sources of experimental uncertainties and the proton PDFs. Our results indicate that incorporating nuclear corrections has a marginal impact on the central values of FFs and their corresponding uncertainty bands. The inclusion of such corrections does not significantly affect the fit quality of the data as well. The study suggests that while nuclear corrections are a consideration, their impact in such QCD analysis is limited.
description: 22 pages, 9 figures and 3 tables
Modulation of Breast Cancer Risk Biomarkers by High-Dose Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Phase II Pilot Study in Postmenopausal Women
Creators: name: Powers, Kandy R.
name: Sullivan, Debra K.
name: Petroff, Brian K.
name: Hidaka, Brandon H.
name: Fabian, Carol J.
name: Zalles, Carola M.
name: Hensing, Whitney L.
name: Fridley, Brooke L.
name: Nydegger, Jennifer L.
name: Mills, Gordon B.
name: Kreutzjans, Amy L.
name: Hursting, Stephen D.
name: Kimler, Bruce F.
name: Phillips, Teresa A.
name: Metheny, Trina
name: Carlson, Susan E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Associational studies suggest higher intakes/blood levels of the omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) relative to the omega-6 arachidonic acid (AA) are associated with reduced breast cancer risk. We performed a pilot study of high-dose EPA + DHA in postmenopausal women to assess feasibility before initiating a phase IIB prevention trial. Postmenopausal women with cytologic evidence of hyperplasia in their baseline random periareolar fine needle aspiration (RPFNA) took 1,860 mg EPA +1500 mg DHA ethyl esters daily for 6 months. Blood and breast tissue were sampled at baseline and study conclusion for exploratory biomarker assessment, with
(401796) Jane Keay Sandeman
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Many-Body Excited States with a Contracted Quantum Eigensolver
Creators: name: Smart, Scott E.
name: Welakuh, Davis M.
name: Narang, Prineha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Calculating ground and excited states is an exciting prospect for near-term quantum computing applications, and accurate and efficient algorithms are needed to assess viable directions. We develop an excited state approach based on the contracted quantum eigensolver (ES-CQE), which iteratively attempts to find a solution to a contraction of the Schr{ö}dinger equation projected onto a subspace, and does not require a priori information on the system. We focus on the anti-Hermitian portion of the equation, leading to a two-body unitary ansatz. We investigate the role of symmetries, initial states, constraints, and overall performance within the context of the model rectangular ${\rm H}_4$ system. We show the ES-CQE achieves near-exact accuracy across the majority of states, covering regions of strong and weak electron correlation, while also elucidating challenging instances for two-body unitary ansatz.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
Statistical Characteristics of the Electron Isotropy Boundary
Creators: name: Wilkins, Colin
name: Angelopoulos, Vassilis
name: Runov, Andrei
name: Artemyev, Anton
name: Zhang, Xiao-Jia
name: Liu, Jiang
name: Tsai, Ethan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Utilizing observations from the ELFIN satellites, we present a statistical study of $\sim$2000 events in 2019-2020 characterizing the occurrence in magnetic local time (MLT) and latitude of $\geq$50 keV electron isotropy boundaries (IBs) at Earth, and the dependence of associated precipitation on geomagnetic activity. The isotropy boundary for an electron of a given energy is the magnetic latitude poleward of which persistent isotropized pitch-angle distributions ($J_{prec}/J_{perp}\sim 1$) are first observed to occur, interpreted as resulting from magnetic field-line curvature scattering (FLCS) in the equatorial magnetosphere. We find that energetic electron IBs can be well-recognized on the nightside from dusk until dawn, under all geomagnetic activity conditions, with a peak occurrence rate of almost 90% near $\sim$22 hours in MLT, remaining above 80% from 21 to 01 MLT. The IBs span a wide range of IGRF magnetic latitudes from $60^\circ$-$74^\circ$, with a maximum occurrence between $66^\circ$-$71^\circ$ (L of 6-8), shifting to lower latitudes and pre-midnight local times with activity. The precipitating energy flux of $\geq$50 keV electrons averaged over the IB-associated latitudes varies over four orders of magnitude, up to $\sim$1 erg/cm$^2$-s, and often includes electron energies exceeding 1 MeV. The local time distribution of IB-associated energies and precipitating fluxes also exhibit peak values near midnight for low activity, shifting toward pre-midnight for elevated activity. The percentage of the total energy deposited over the high-latitude regions ($55^\circ$ to $80^\circ$; or IGRF $L\gtrsim 3$) attributed to IBs is 10-20%, on average, or about 10 MW of total atmospheric power input, but at times can be up to $\sim$100% of the total $\geq$50 keV electron energy deposition over the entire sub-auroral and auroral zone region, exceeding 1 GW in atmospheric power input.
Omega-3-Acid Ethyl Esters Block the Protumorigenic Effects of Obesity in Mouse Models of Postmenopausal Basal-like and Claudin-Low Breast Cancer
Creators: name: Fabian, Carol J.
name: Carlson, Susan E.
name: Bowers, Laura W.
name: Barnett, Kelsey
name: Hidaka, Brandon H.
name: Degraffenried, Linda A.
name: Ford, Nikki A.
name: Rossi, Emily L.
name: Yang, Peiying
name: Kimler, Bruce F.
name: Shureiqi, Imad
name: Hursting, Stephen D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Obesity induces chronic inflammation and is an established risk and progression factor for triple-negative breast cancers, including basal-like (BL) and claudin-low (CL) subtypes. We tested the effects of dietary supplementation with ethyl esters of the marine-derived anti-inflammatory omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid (EPA+DHA; Lovaza®) on growth of murine BL and CL mammary tumors. Female ovariectomized C57BL/6 mice were fed a control diet or a diet-induced obesity (DIO) diet with or without EPA+DHA (0.025%, resulting in blood levels of EPA and DHA comparable to women taking Lovaza 4 g/day) for 6 weeks. All mice were then orthotopically injected with Wnt-1 cells (a BL tumor cell suspension derived from MMTV-Wnt-1 transgenic mouse mammary tumors) or M-Wnt cells (a CL tumor cell line cloned from the Wnt-1 tumor cell suspension). Mice were killed when tumors were 1 cm in diameter. EPA+DHA supplementation did not significantly impact Wnt-1 or M-Wnt mammary tumor growth in normoweight control mice. However, EPA+DHA supplementation in DIO mice reduced growth of Wnt-1 and M-Wnt tumors; reduced leptin:adiponectin ratio and pro-inflammatory eicosanoids in the serum; improved insulin sensitivity; and decreased tumoral expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and phospho-p65. Thus, EPA+DHA supplementation in mouse models of postmenopausal BL and CL breast cancer offsets many of the pro-tumorigenic effects of obesity. These preclinical findings, in combination with results from parallel biomarker studies in women, suggest EPA+DHA supplementation may reduce the burden of BL and CL breast cancer in obese women.
Epidemic Threshold Analyse Supplementary Material from Predicting dengue outbreaks at neighbourhood level using human mobility in urban areas
Creators: name: Bomfim, Rafael
name: Pei, Sen
name: Shaman, Jeffrey
name: Yamana, Teresa
name: Makse, Hernán A.
name: Andrade, José S.
name: Neto, Antonio S. Lima
name: Furtado, Vasco
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Biology
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Analysis of different thresholds for epidemics
Solitary waves of a PT-symmetric Nonlinear Dirac equation
Creators: name: Cuevas--Maraver, Jesús
name: Kevrekidis, Panayotis G.
name: Saxena, Avadh
name: Cooper, Fred
name: Khare, Avinash
name: Comech, Andrew
name: Bender, Carl M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present work, we consider a prototypical example of a PT-symmetric Dirac model. We discuss the underlying linear limit of the model and identify the threshold of the PT-phase transition in an analytical form. We then focus on the examination of the nonlinear model. We consider the continuation in the PT-symmetric model of the solutions of the corresponding Hamiltonian model and find that the solutions can be continued robustly as stable ones all the way up to the PT-transition threshold. In the latter, they degenerate into linear waves. We also examine the dynamics of the model. Given the stability of the waveforms in the PT-exact phase we consider them as initial conditions for parameters outside of that phase. We find that both oscillatory dynamics and exponential growth may arise, depending on the size of the corresponding "quench". The former can be characterized by an interesting form of bi-frequency solutions that have been predicted on the basis of the SU(1,1) symmetry. Finally, we explore some special, analytically tractable, but not PT-symmetric solutions in the massless limit of the model.
description: Accepted for publication in the Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, special issue on Parity-Time Photonics
title: Associations between ADC texture analysis with tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in brain metastasis
Creators: name: Meyer, Hans-Jonas
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: CNS
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Oncology
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Metastases

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is a functional imaging sequence, which reflects the random water movement in tissues (1, 2). The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) is the quantification of this water movement. In various investigations, it was...
Search for long-lived, weakly interacting particles that decay to displaced hadronic jets in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=8$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for the decay of neutral, weakly interacting, long-lived particles using data collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC is presented. This analysis uses the full dataset recorded in 2012: 20.3 fb$^{-1}$ of proton--proton collision data at $\sqrt{s} = 8$ TeV. The search employs techniques for reconstructing decay vertices of long-lived particles decaying to jets in the inner tracking detector and muon spectrometer. Signal events require at least two reconstructed vertices. No significant excess of events over the expected background is found, and limits as a function of proper lifetime are reported for the decay of the Higgs boson and other scalar bosons to long-lived particles and for Hidden Valley $Z^\prime$ and Stealth SUSY benchmark models. The first search results for displaced decays in $Z^\prime$ and Stealth SUSY models are presented. The upper bounds of the excluded proper lifetimes are the most stringent to date.
description: 15 pages plus author list + cover pages (28 pages total), 10 figures, 11 tables, submitted to Phys. Rev. D, All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/EXOT-2013-12/
title: Radiogenomics in Medulloblastoma
Creators: name: Septién Rivera, Sara
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Molecular imaging
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Paediatric
subject: MR
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: MR-Spectroscopy
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Radiobiology
subject: Neoplasia

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To review MR imaging appearance of medulloblastoma using diffusion-weighted imaging and spectroscopy. To describe the typical imaging features of the main molecular subgroups of medulloblastoma with case examples. To discuss the potential role of...
Appearance of dengue Supplementary Material from Predicting dengue outbreaks at neighbourhood level using human mobility in urban areas
Creators: name: Bomfim, Rafael
name: Pei, Sen
name: Shaman, Jeffrey
name: Yamana, Teresa
name: Makse, Hernán A.
name: Andrade, José S.
name: Neto, Antonio S. Lima
name: Furtado, Vasco
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Biology
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Appearance of dengue cases per week from weeks 1 to 12
Near-Field Communications: A Tutorial Review
Creators: name: Liu, Yuanwei
name: Wang, Zhaolin
name: Xu, Jiaqi
name: Ouyang, Chongjun
name: Mu, Xidong
name: Schober, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Extremely large-scale antenna arrays, tremendously high frequencies, and new types of antennas are three clear trends in multi-antenna technology for supporting the sixth-generation (6G) networks. To properly account for the new characteristics introduced by these three trends in communication system design, the near-field spherical-wave propagation model needs to be used, which differs from the classical far-field planar-wave one. As such, near-field communication (NFC) will become essential in 6G networks. In this tutorial, we cover three key aspects of NFC. 1) Channel Modelling: We commence by reviewing near-field spherical-wave-based channel models for spatially-discrete (SPD) antennas. Then, uniform spherical wave (USW) and non-uniform spherical wave (NUSW) models are discussed. Subsequently, we introduce a general near-field channel model for SPD antennas and a Green's function-based channel model for continuous-aperture (CAP) antennas. 2) Beamfocusing and Antenna Architectures: We highlight the properties of near-field beamfocusing and discuss NFC antenna architectures for both SPD and CAP antennas. Moreover, the basic principles of near-field beam training are introduced. 3) Performance Analysis: Finally, we provide a comprehensive performance analysis framework for NFC. For near-field line-of-sight channels, the received signal-to-noise ratio and power-scaling law are derived. For statistical near-field multipath channels, a general analytical framework is proposed, based on which analytical expressions for the outage probability, ergodic channel capacity, and ergodic mutual information are obtained. Finally, for each aspect, topics for future research are discussed.
description: 48 pages, 37 figures
(401791) Richard Thomas
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Active skeleton for bacteria modeling
Creators: name: Jacob, Jean-Pascal
name: Dimiccoli, Mariella
name: Moisan, Lionel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The investigation of spatio-temporal dynamics of bacterial cells and their molecular components requires automated image analysis tools to track cell shape properties and molecular component locations inside the cells. In the study of bacteria aging, the molecular components of interest are protein aggregates accumulated near bacteria boundaries. This particular location makes very ambiguous the correspondence between aggregates and cells, since computing accurately bacteria boundaries in phase-contrast time-lapse imaging is a challenging task. This paper proposes an active skeleton formulation for bacteria modeling which provides several advantages: an easy computation of shape properties (perimeter, length, thickness, orientation), an improved boundary accuracy in noisy images, and a natural bacteria-centered coordinate system that permits the intrinsic location of molecular components inside the cell. Starting from an initial skeleton estimate, the medial axis of the bacterium is obtained by minimizing an energy function which incorporates bacteria shape constraints. Experimental results on biological images and comparative evaluation of the performances validate the proposed approach for modeling cigar-shaped bacteria like Escherichia coli. The Image-J plugin of the proposed method can be found online at http://fluobactracker.inrialpes.fr.
description: Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering: Imaging and Visualizationto appear in
Ab initio optimization of phonon drag effect for lower-temperature thermoelectric energy conversion
Creators: name: Zhou, Jiawei
name: Liao, Bolin
name: Qiu, Bo
name: Huberman, Samuel
name: Esfarjani, Keivan
name: Dresselhaus, Mildred S.
name: Chen, Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While the thermoelectric figure of merit zT above 300K has seen significant improvement recently, the progress at lower temperatures has been slow, mainly limited by the relatively low Seebeck coefficient and high thermal conductivity. Here we report, for the first time, success in first-principles computation of the phonon drag effect - a coupling phenomenon between electrons and non-equilibrium phonons - in heavily doped region and its optimization to enhance the Seebeck coefficient while reducing the phonon thermal conductivity by nanostructuring. Our simulation quantitatively identifies the major phonons contributing to the phonon drag, which are spectrally distinct from those carrying heat, and further reveals that while the phonon drag is reduced in heavily-doped samples, a significant contribution to Seebeck coefficient still exists. An ideal phonon filter is proposed to enhance zT of silicon at room temperature by a factor of 20 to around 0.25, and the enhancement can reach 70 times at 100K. This work opens up a new venue towards better thermoelectrics by harnessing non-equilibrium phonons.
(401793) John Boyd Baxter
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Meningeal enhancement patterns – edema vs BBB breakdown
Creators: name: Lorga, Tiago
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Anatomy
subject: CNS
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Infection
subject: Inflammation
subject: Metastases

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To review meningeal anatomy. To describe the mechanisms and patterns of pachymeningeal and leptomeningeal enhancement. To explore the spectrum of conditions causing meningeal enhancement and its characteristic neuroimaging...
Analysis of the Time Structure of Synchronization in Multidimensional Chaotic Systems
Creators: name: Makarenko, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: I.6.3
subject: 37B10, 60J10, 34C15

description: A new approach is proposed to the integrated analysis of the time structure of synchronization of multidimensional chaotic systems. The method allows one to diagnose and quantitatively evaluate the intermittency characteristics during synchronization of chaotic oscillations in the T-synchronization mode. A system of two identical logistic mappings with unidirectional coupling that operate in the developed chaos regime is analyzed. It is shown that the widely used approach, in which only synchronization patterns are subjected to analysis while desynchronization areas are considered as a background signal and removed from analysis, should be considered as methodologically incomplete.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures, Preprint version of article published in: J. Exp. Theor. Phys., 2015, Vol. 120, No. 5, pp. 912-921
Urinary Metabolites of Prostanoids and Risk of Recurrent Colorectal Adenomas in the Aspirin/Folate Polyp Prevention Study (AFPPS)
Creators: name: Bresalier, Robert S.
name: Sandler, Robert S.
name: Figueiredo, Jane C.
name: Milne, Ginger L.
name: Bradshaw, Patrick T.
name: Baron, John A.
name: Barry, Elizabeth L.
name: Ahnen, Dennis J.
name: Fedirko, Veronika
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Aspirin has been shown to protect against colorectal neoplasms, however the optimal chemopreventive dose and underlying mechanisms are unclear. We aimed to study the relationship between prostanoid metabolites and aspirin’s effect on adenoma occurrence. We used data from the Aspirin/Folate Polyp Prevention Study, in which 1,121 participants with a recent adenoma were randomized to placebo or two doses of aspirin (81 or 325 mg/d) to be taken until the next surveillance colonoscopy, anticipated about 3 years later. Urinary metabolites of prostanoids (PGE-M, PGI-M, and dTxB2) were measured using LC/MS or GC/NICI-MS in 876 participants near the end of treatment follow-up. Poisson regression with a robust error variance was used to calculate relative risks and 95% confidence intervals. PGE-M, PGI-M, and dTxB2 levels were 28%, 37%, and 60% proportionately lower, respectively, in individuals who took 325 mg of aspirin compared to individuals who took placebo (all P<0.001). Similarly, among individuals who took 81 mg of aspirin, PGE-M, PGI-M, and dTxB2 were, respectively, 18%, 30%, and 57% proportionally lower compared to placebo (all P<0.005). None of the metabolites or their ratios were statistically significantly associated with the risk of adenoma occurrence. The effect of aspirin in reducing adenoma risk was independent of prostanoid levels. Aspirin use is associated with lower levels of urinary prostanoid metabolites. However, our findings do not support the hypothesis that these metabolites are associated with adenoma occurrence, suggesting that COX-dependent mechanisms may not completely explain the chemopreventive effect of aspirin on colorectal neoplasms.
Radiative Transfer Models for Gamma-Ray Bursts
Creators: name: Vurm, Indrek
name: Beloborodov, Andrei M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present global radiative transfer models for heated relativistic jets. The simulations include all relevant radiative processes, starting deep in the opaque zone and following the evolution of radiation to and beyond the photosphere of the jet. The transfer models are compared with three gamma-ray bursts GRB 990123, GRB 090902B, and GRB 130427A, which have well-measured and different spectra. The models provide good fits to the observed spectra in all three cases, and we obtain estimates for the jet magnetization parameter $\varepsilon_{\rm B}$ and the Lorentz factor $Γ$. In the small sample of three bursts, $\varepsilon_{\rm B}$ varies between 0.01 and 0.05, and $Γ$ varies between 400 and 1200.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures, accepted to ApJ
title: Low dose computed tomography (CT) for truncus arteriosus (TA) evaluation
Creators: name: Morkovkina, Hanna
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Arteries / Aorta
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: Paediatric
subject: CT
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Congenital
subject: Haemodynamics / Flow dynamics

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Truncus arteriosus (TA) is a rare congenital cardiac abnormality which is characterized by a single arterial trunk origin from the heart that supplies both the systemic, pulmonary and coronary circulation [1]. Two classifications have been...
title: Impact of vascular rings on tracheal compression by computed tomography (CT)
Creators: name: Morkovkina, Hanna
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Arteries / Aorta
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: Paediatric
subject: CT
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Congenital
subject: Diverticula
subject: Obstruction / Occlusion

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Vascular rings (VR) are an aortic arch anomaly in which the trachea and esophagus are completely surrounded by vascular structures. The vascular structures need not be patent, e.g., a ligamentum arteriosum or atretic segment of aortic arch may...
Forecasts Examples Supplementary Material from Predicting dengue outbreaks at neighbourhood level using human mobility in urban areas
Creators: name: Bomfim, Rafael
name: Pei, Sen
name: Shaman, Jeffrey
name: Yamana, Teresa
name: Makse, Hernán A.
name: Andrade, José S.
name: Neto, Antonio S. Lima
name: Furtado, Vasco
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Biology
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Forecast examples for neural network and mechanistic models