cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Trachodon selwyni Lambe 1902
Creators: name: Lambe L., M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1902
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Dinosauria
Trachodontidae
Trachodon
Trachodon selwyni

description: Trachodon (Pteropelyx) selwyni. Sp. nov. Plate III, ﬁgs. 2 and 3. This species is established principally on the evidence of teeth, of which a number from the lower jaw are shown on plate III. The teeth follow each other, quincuncially in the usual Trachodont manner, three or four occurring in the vertical series, but seven or eight can be counted obliquely. They replace each other from the inside and appear in the grinding surface in two or three functional rows. When three teeth belonging to the same vertical row are in use in the grinding surface at the same time (see ﬁg. 3 of plate III), the outer one is generally worn down to the root and the stump is ready to fall out, the middle one is about half Worn down, whilst the inner one is either just coming into use or is only slightly worn. The teeth of this species differ from those of T. mirabilis, Leidy, in being rounded oval above, instead of terminating in a point. They are smooth in both species. A few minute, obliquely transverse strize are observed on the inargins of the teeth of T selwyni but they are practically smooth, the marginal, oi' border sculpture chariicíerislie of the teeth of the species described in the next following pages being absent A few, very large mandibular rami without teeth, one of which is represented in ﬁg. 24, A, are supposed to belong to this species. A femur, provisionally associated with T selwyni, was secured during the summer of 1901. It measured about 1 ' 425 M. (56 inches) in length When perfect. It is.585 M. and.508 M. * in circum- feience above and blow the third trochanter respectively, and indicates 1 the size attained by some of the herbivorous dinosaurs during Mid-Cretaceous times. For the purpose of comparison a reduced ﬁgure OI-this ilnmense bone is given with a‘ similarly reduced drawing Of. the femur of Iguanodon mantelli, Uwen, from the Wealden of Filgate Forest, Sussex, England (/ see fig. 21). *Amen Joiir. Sci. and Arts. vol. XLIII, pl. 111, ﬁg. 4. 1892 . . Fig. 22, illustrates,. in a diagrammatic manner, the general mode of succession of teeth in the genus Trachodon. The teeth are represented as they appear in transverse sections of the jaws, the heavy lines indicating the keeled enamelled crowns of the teeth. Thus although. in both _ the upper and lower jaws the teeth replace each other from the inner side, yet the enanielled surface ofthe CIOWH Of the teeth are on the inner side in the lower jaw but on the outer side in the maxilla. With this species is connected the name of Dr. Alfred R. Ü. Selwyn, C. M. G., for many years, prior to 1894, Director of the Geological Survey.
description: Published as part of Lambe L. M., 1902, New genera and species from the Belly River Series (mid-Cretaceous), pp. 25-81 in Geological Survey of Canada Contributions to Canadian Palaeontology 3 on pages 69-70, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3233762
Coxeter Pairs, Ammann Patterns and Penrose-like Tilings
Creators: name: Boyle, Latham
name: Steinhardt, Paul J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We identify a precise geometric relationship between: (i) certain natural pairs of irreducible reflection groups (``Coxeter pairs"); (ii) self-similar quasicrystalline patterns formed by superposing sets of 1D quasi-periodically-spaced lines, planes or hyper-planes (``Ammann patterns"); and (iii) the tilings dual to these patterns (``Penrose-like tilings"). We use this relationship to obtain all irreducible Ammann patterns and their dual Penrose-like tilings, along with their key properties in a simple, systematic and unified way, expanding the number of known examples from four to infinity. For each symmetry, we identify the minimal Ammann patterns (those composed of the fewest 1d quasiperiodic sets) and construct the associated Penrose-like tilings: 11 in 2D, 9 in 3D and one in 4D. These include the original Penrose tiling, the four other previously known Penrose-like tilings, and sixteen that are new. We also complete the enumeration of the quasicrystallographic space groups corresponding to the irreducible non-crystallographic reflection groups, by showing that there is a unique such space group in 4D (with nothing beyond 4D).
description: 71 pages, 69 figures! v3: Major update, with 5 additional 2D patterns/tilings, and 4 additional 3D patterns/tilings identified; v4: matches published version
Experimental Observation of Berry Phases in Optical Moebius-strip Microcavities
Creators: name: Wang, Jiawei
name: Valligatla, Sreeramulu
name: Yin, Yin
name: Schwarz, Lukas
name: Medina-Sanchez, Mariana
name: Baunack, Stefan
name: Lee, Ching Hua
name: Thomale, Ronny
name: Li, Shilong
name: Fomin, Vladimir M.
name: Ma, Libo
name: Schmidt, Oliver G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Moebius strip, as a fascinating loop structure with one-sided topology, provides a rich playground for manipulating the non-trivial topological behavior of spinning particles, such as electrons, polaritons, and photons in both real and parameter spaces. For photons resonating in a Moebius-strip cavity, the occurrence of an extra phase, known as Berry phase, with purely topological origin is expected due to its non-trivial evolution in the parameter space. However, despite numerous theoretical investigations, characterizing optical Berry phase in a Moebius-strip cavity has remained elusive. Here we report the experimental observation of Berry phase generated in optical Moebius-strip microcavities. In contrast to theoretical predictions in optical, electronic, and magnetic Moebius-topology systems where only Berry phase π occurs, we demonstrate that variable Berry phase smaller than π can be acquired by generating elliptical polarization of resonating light. Moebius-strip microcavities as integrable and Berry-phase-programmable optical systems are of great interest in topological physics and emerging classical or quantum photonic applications.
Second-order nonlinear optical metamaterials: ABC-type nanolaminates
Creators: name: Alloatti, Luca
name: Kieninger, Clemens
name: Froelich, Andreas
name: Lauermann, Matthias
name: Frenzel, Tobias
name: Koehnle, Kira
name: Freude, Wolfgang
name: Leuthold, Juerg
name: Wegener, Martin
name: Koos, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Structuring optical materials on a nanometer scale can lead to artificial effective media, or metamaterials, with strongly altered optical behavior. Metamaterials can provide a wide range of linear optical properties such as negative refractive index, hyperbolic dispersion, or magnetic behavior at optical frequencies. Nonlinear optical properties, however, have only been demonstrated for patterned metallic films which suffer from high optical losses. Here we show that second-order nonlinear metamaterials can also be obtained from non-metallic centrosymmetric constituents with inherently low optical absorption. In our proof-of-principle experiments, we have iterated atomic-layer deposition (ALD) of three different constituents, A = Al$_2$O$_3$, B = TiO$_2$ and C = HfO$_2$. The centrosymmetry of the resulting ABC stack is broken since the ABC and the inverted CBA sequences are not equivalent - a necessary condition for non-zero second-order nonlinearity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first realization of a bulk nonlinear optical metamaterial.
description: 3 figures, 11 pages; v2: corrected email
WTA-WTP disparity: The role of perceived realism of the valuation setting
Creators: name: Frondel, Manuel
name: Sommer, Stephan
name: Tomberg, Lukas
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: willingness-to-pay
subject: stated preferences
subject: willingness-to-accept
subject: 310
subject: 330
subject: 620
subject: Zahlungsbereitschaft
subject: Bekundete Präferenz

description: Based on a survey among more than 5,000 German households and a single-binary choice experiment in which we randomly split the respondents into two groups, this paper elicits both households’ willingness to pay (WTP) for power supply security and their willingness to accept (WTA) compensations for a reduced security level. In accord with numerous empirical studies, we find that the mean WTA value substantially exceeds the mean WTP bid, in our empirical example by a factor of 3.56. Yet, the WTA-WTP ratio decreases to 2.35 among respondents who believe that the hypothetical valuation setting is likely to become true. Conversely, the WTA-WTP ratio increases to 3.81 among respondents who deem the setting unlikely. Given this discrepancy, we conclude that to diminish the WTA-WTP disparity resulting from stated-preference surveys at least to some extent, inquiring about respondents’ perception on the realism of the valuation setting is an essential element of any survey design.
description: Discussion Paper / SFB823;5/2019
Self-Similar One-Dimensional Quasilattices
Creators: name: Boyle, Latham
name: Steinhardt, Paul J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study 1D quasilattices, especially self-similar ones that can be used to generate two-, three- and higher-dimensional quasicrystalline tessellations that have matching rules and invertible self-similar substitution rules (also known as inflation rules) analogous to the rules for generating Penrose tilings. The lattice positions can be expressed in a closed-form expression we call {\it floor form}: $x_{n}=S(n-α)+(L-S)\lfloor κ(n-β)\rfloor$, where $L >S>0$ and $0<κ<1$ is an irrational number. We describe two equivalent geometric constructions of these quasilattices and show how they can be subdivided into various types of equivalence classes: (i) {\it lattice equivalent}, where any two quasilattices in the same lattice equivalence class may be derived from one another by a local decoration/gluing rule; (ii) {\it self-similar}, a proper subset of lattice equivalent where, in addition, the two quasilattices are locally isomorphic; and (iii) {\it self-same}, a proper subset of self-similar where, in addition, the two quasilattices are globally isomorphic (i.e.) identical up to rescaling). For all three types of equivalence class, we obtain the explicit transformation law between the floor form expression for two quasilattices in the same class. We tabulate (in Table I and Figure 5) the ten special self-similar 1D quasilattices relevant for constructing Ammann patterns and Penrose-like tilings in two dimensions and higher, and we explicitly construct and catalog the corresponding self-same quasilattices.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, matches published version
Sequential CCR5-Tropic HIV-1 Reactivation from Distinct Cellular Reservoirs following Perturbation of Elite Control
Creators: name: Maldarelli, Frank
name: Gupta, Ravindra K.
name: Watters, Sarah A.
name: Mlcochova, Petra
name: Goonetilleke, Nilu
name: Pillay, Deenan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: HIV Elite Controllers may reveal insights into virus persistence given they harbour small reservoir sizes, akin to HIV non-controllers treated early with combination antiretroviral therapy. Both groups of patients represent the most promising candidates for interventions aimed at sustained remission or ‘cure’. Analytic treatment interruption (ATI) in the latter group leads to stochastic rebound of virus, though it is unclear whether loss of elite control is also associated with similar rebound characteristics.
title: Usefulness of the MADIT-ICD Benefit Score in a Large Mixed Patient Cohort of Primary Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death
Creators: name: Willy, Kevin Kurt
name: Köbe, Julia
name: Reinke, Florian Johann
name: Rath, Benjamin
name: Ellermann, Christian
name: Wolfes, Julian
name: Wegner, Felix K.
name: Leitz, Patrick R.
name: Lange, Philipp Sebastian
name: Eckardt, Lars
name: Frommeyer, Gerrit
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 610 Medicine and health

description: Background: Decision-making in primary prevention is not always trivial and many clinical scenarios are not reflected in current guidelines. To help evaluate a patient’s individual risk, a new score to predict the benefit of an implantable defibrillator (ICD) for primary prevention, the MADIT-ICD benefit score, has recently been proposed. The score tries to predict occurrence of ventricular arrhythmias and non-arrhythmic death based on data from four previous MADIT trials. We aimed at examining its usefulness in a large single-center register of S-ICD patients with various underlying cardiomyopathies. Methods and results: All S-ICD patients with a primary preventive indication for ICD implantation from our large single-center database were included in the analysis (n = 173). During a follow-up of 1227 ± 978 days, 27 patients developed sustained ventricular arrhythmias, while 6 patients died for non-arrhythmic reasons. There was a significant correlation for patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) (n = 29, p = 0.04) to the occurrence of ventricular arrhythmia. However, the occurrence of ventricular arrhythmias could not sufficiently be predicted by the MADIT-ICD VT/VF score (p = 0.3) in patients with (n = 142, p = 0.19) as well as patients without structural heart disease (n = 31, p = 0.88) and patients with LV-EF < 35%. Of the risk factors included in the risk score calculation, only non-sustained ventricular tachycardias were significantly associated with sustained ventricular arrhythmias (p = 0.02). Of note, non-arrhythmic death could effectively be predicted by the proposed non-arrhythmic mortality score as part of the benefit score (p = 0.001, r = 0.3) also mainly driven by ICM patients. Age, diabetes mellitus, and a BMI < 23 kg/m2 were key predictors of non-arrhythmic death implemented in the score. Conclusion: The MADIT-ICD benefit score adds a new option to evaluate expected benefit of ICD implantation for primary prevention. In a large S-ICD cohort of primary prevention, the value of the score was limited to patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy. Future research should evaluate the performance of the score in different subgroups and compare it to other risk scores to assess its value for daily clinical practice
description: Finanziert durch den Open-Access-Publikationsfonds der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU Münster).
Weyl phonons in chiral crystals
Creators: name: Zhang, Tiantian
name: Huang, Zhiheng
name: Pan, Zitian
name: Du, Luojun
name: Zhang, Guangyu
name: Murakami, Shuichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chirality is an indispensable concept that pervades fundamental science and nature, manifesting itself in diverse forms such as chiral quasiparticles and chiral structures. Of particular interest are Weyl phonons carrying specific Chern numbers and chiral phonons doing circular motions in crystals. Up to now, Weyl and chiral phonons have been studied independently and the interpretations of chirality seem to be different in these two concepts, impeding our understanding. Here, we demonstrate that Weyl and chiral phonons are entangled in chiral crystals. Employing a typical chiral crystal of elementary tellurium (Te) as a case study, we expound on the intrinsic relationship between Chern number of Weyl phonons and pseudo-angular momentum (PAM) of chiral phonons. In light of the mutual coupling, we propose Raman scattering as a new technique to demonstrate the existence of Weyl phonons in Te, by detecting the chirality-induced energy splitting between the two constituent chiral phonon branches for Weyl phonons. By using the same experimental approach, we also observe the obstructed phonon surface states for the first time.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures (to appear in NanoLetters)
Quantum phase estimation using squeezed quasi-Bell states
Creators: name: de Souza, Douglas Delgado
name: Vidiella-Barranco, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present a study of the quantum phase estimation problem employing continuous-variable, entangled squeezed coherent (quasi-Bell) states as probe states. We show that their inherent squeezing and entanglement properties might bring advantages, increasing the precision of phase estimation compared to protocols which employ other continuous variable states e.g., two-mode, entangled coherent states or single-mode, squeezed states. We also analyze the phase estimation process considering: i) a linear (unitary) perturbation, and ii) dissipation, and conclude that the use of entangled squeezed coherent states as probe states may still be advantageous even under non-ideal conditions.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures; text expanded and references added; Accepted for publication in Optik
Simulating Flying Insects Using Dynamics and Data-Driven Noise Modeling to Generate Diverse Collective Behaviors
Creators: name: Jin, Xiaogang
name: Manocha, Dinesh
name: Wang, Xinjie
name: Ren, Jiaping
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: We present a biologically plausible dynamics model to simulate swarms of flying insects. Our formulation, which is based on biological conclusions and experimental observations, is designed to simulate large insect swarms of varying densities. We use a force-based model that captures different interactions between the insects and the environment and computes collision-free trajectories for each individual insect. Furthermore, we model the noise as a constructive force at the collective level and present a technique to generate noise-induced insect movements in a large swarm that are similar to those observed in real-world trajectories. We use a data-driven formulation that is based on pre-recorded insect trajectories. We also present a novel evaluation metric and a statistical validation approach that takes into account various characteristics of insect motions. In practice, the combination of Curl noise function with our dynamics model is used to generate realistic swarm simulations and emergent behaviors. We highlight its performance for simulating large flying swarms of midges, fruit fly, locusts and moths and demonstrate many collective behaviors, including aggregation, migration, phase transition, and escape responses.
Deep learning-enhanced ensemble-based data assimilation for high-dimensional nonlinear dynamical systems
Creators: name: Chattopadhyay, Ashesh
name: Nabizadeh, Ebrahim
name: Bach, Eviatar
name: Hassanzadeh, Pedram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Data assimilation (DA) is a key component of many forecasting models in science and engineering. DA allows one to estimate better initial conditions using an imperfect dynamical model of the system and noisy/sparse observations available from the system. Ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) is a DA algorithm that is widely used in applications involving high-dimensional nonlinear dynamical systems. However, EnKF requires evolving large ensembles of forecasts using the dynamical model of the system. This often becomes computationally intractable, especially when the number of states of the system is very large, e.g., for weather prediction. With small ensembles, the estimated background error covariance matrix in the EnKF algorithm suffers from sampling error, leading to an erroneous estimate of the analysis state (initial condition for the next forecast cycle). In this work, we propose hybrid ensemble Kalman filter (H-EnKF), which is applied to a two-layer quasi-geostrophic flow system as a test case. This framework utilizes a pre-trained deep learning-based data-driven surrogate that inexpensively generates and evolves a large data-driven ensemble of the states of the system to accurately compute the background error covariance matrix with less sampling error. The H-EnKF framework estimates a better initial condition without the need for any ad-hoc localization strategies. H-EnKF can be extended to any ensemble-based DA algorithm, e.g., particle filters, which are currently difficult to use for high dimensional systems.
Nanoscale manipulation of the Mott insulating state coupled to charge order in 1T-TaS2
Creators: name: Cho, Doohee
name: Cheon, Sangmo
name: Kim, Ki-Seok
name: Lee, Sung-Hoon
name: Cho, Yong-Heum
name: Cheong, Sang-Wook
name: Yeom, Han Woong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum states of strongly correlated electrons are of prime importance to understand exotic properties of condensed matter systems and the controllability over those states promises unique electronic devices such as a Mott memory. As a recent example, a ultrafast switching device was demonstrated using the transition between the correlated Mott insulating state and a hidden-order metallic state of a layered transition metal dichalcogenides 1T-TaS2. However, the origin of the hidden metallic state was not clear and only the macroscopic switching by laser pulse and carrier injection was reported. Here, we demonstrate the nanoscale manipulation of the Mott insulating state of 1T-TaS2. The electron pulse from a scanning tunneling microscope switches the insulating phase locally into a metallic phase which is textured with irregular domain walls in the charge density wave (CDW) order inherent to this Mott state. The metallic state is a novel correlated phase near the Mott criticality with a coherent feature at the Fermi energy, which is induced by the moderate reduction of electron correlation due to the decoherence in CDW. This work paves the avenue toward novel nanoscale electronic devices based on correlated electrons.
description: Corrected typos
The stepwise path integral of the relativistic point particle
Creators: name: Koch, Benjamin
name: Muñoz, Enrique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present a stepwise construction of the path integral over relativistic orbits in Euclidean spacetime. It is shown that the apparent problems of this path integral, like the breakdown of the naive Chapman-Kolmogorov relation, can be solved by a careful analysis of the overcounting associated with local and global symmetries. Based on this, the direct calculation of the quantum propagator of the relativistic point particle in the path integral formulation results from a simple and purely geometric construction. paperpitch https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tNMbCgPbq2A
description: 10 pages, 5 figures,
Offset between stellar spiral arms and gas arms of the Milky Way
Creators: name: Hou, L. G.
name: Han, J. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spiral arms shown by different components may not be spatially coincident, which can constrain formation mechanisms of spiral structure in a galaxy. We reassess the spiral arm tangency directions in the Milky Way through identifying the bump features in the longitude plots of survey data for infrared stars, radio recombination lines (RRLs), star formation sites, CO, high density regions in clouds, and HI. The bump peaks are taken as indications for arm tangencies, which are close to the real density peaks near the spiral arm tangency point but often have $\sim$ 1$^\circ$ offset to the interior of spiral arms. The arm tangencies identified from the longitudes plots for RRLs, HII regions, methanol masers, CO, high density gas regions, and HI gas appear nearly the same Galactic longitude, and therefore there is no obvious offset for spiral arms traced by different gas components. However, we find obvious displacements of 1.3$^\circ-$ 5.8$^\circ$ between gaseous bump peaks from the directions of the maximum density of old stars near the tangencies of the Scutum-Centaurus Arm, the northern part of the Near 3 kpc Arm, and maybe also the Sagittarius Arm. The offsets between the density peaks of gas and old stars for spiral arms are comparable with the arm widths, which is consistent with expectations for quasi-stationary density wave in our Galaxy.
description: 11 Pages, 9 Figures, 1 Table. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Exact bosonization in two spatial dimensions and a new class of lattice gauge theories
Creators: name: Chen, Yu-An
name: Kapustin, Anton
name: Radicevic, Djordje
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a 2d analog of the Jordan-Wigner transformation which maps an arbitrary fermionic system on a 2d lattice to a lattice gauge theory while preserving the locality of the Hamiltonian. When the space is simply-connected, this bosonization map is an equivalence. We describe several examples of 2d bosonization, including free fermions on square and honeycomb lattices and the Hubbard model. We describe Euclidean actions for the corresponding lattice gauge theories and find that they contains Chern-Simons-like terms. Finally, we write down a fermionic dual of the gauged Ising model (the Fradkin-Shenker model).
description: 30 pages, 8 figures
Downward categoricity from a successor inside a good frame
Creators: name: Vasey, Sebastien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03C48 (Primary), 03C45, 03C52, 03C55, 03C75, 03E55 (Secondary)

description: We use orthogonality calculus to prove a downward transfer from categoricity in a successor in abstract elementary classes (AECs) that have a good frame (a forking-like notion for types of singletons) on an interval of cardinals: $\mathbf{Theorem}$ Let $K$ be an AEC and let $\text{LS} (K) \le λ< θ$ be cardinals. If $K$ has a type-full good $[λ, θ]$-frame and $K$ is categorical in both $λ$ and $θ^+$, then $K$ is categorical in all $λ' \in [λ, θ]$. We deduce improvements on the threshold of several categoricity transfers that do not mention frames. For example, the threshold in Shelah's transfer can be improved from $\beth_{\beth_{\left(2^{\text{LS} (K)}\right)^+}}$ to $\beth_{\left(2^{\text{LS} (K)}\right)^+}$ assuming that the AEC is $\text{LS} (K)$-tame. The successor hypothesis can also be removed from Shelah's result by assuming in addition either that the AEC has primes over sets of the form $M \cup \{a\}$ or (using an unpublished claim of Shelah) that the weak generalized continuum hypothesis holds.
description: 63 pages. Was previously named "A downward categoricity transfer for tame abstract elementary classes"
Bound on Eigenstate Thermalization from Transport
Creators: name: Dymarsky, Anatoly
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that macroscopic thermalization and transport impose constraints on matrix elements entering the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH) ansatz and require them to be correlated. It is often assumed that the ETH reduces to Random Matrix Theory (RMT) below the Thouless energy scale. We show this conventional picture is not self-consistent. We prove that energy scale at which the RMT behavior emerges has to be parametrically smaller than the inverse timescale of the slowest thermalization mode coupled to the operator of interest. We argue that the timescale marking the onset of the RMT behavior is the same timescale at which hydrodynamic description of transport breaks down.
description: v2 journal version, presentation improved, interpretation of T_{RMT} added
title: Gamma-Sonden gesteuerte Metastasektomie von 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT-positiven Läsionen bei Patienten mit steigendem prostataspezifischem Antigen nach definitiver Behandlung von Prostatakrebs
Creators: name: Bach, C.
name: von Malek, D.
name: Lehnhardt, M.
name: Heinzel, A.
name: Mottaghy, F.
name: Rahnama’i, M. S.
name: Vögeli, T.
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Einleitung: Die 68Ga-PSMA-PET/CT ist ein Diagnoseverfahren, das sowohl lokale Rezidive als auch Metastasen von Prostatakrebs (PCa) mit hoher Kontrastauflösung erkennen kann. Sollten mit diesem hochsensitiven Verfahren Läsionen gefunden werden ist es allerdings unklar welche therapeutischen[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 65. Kongress der Nordrhein-Westfälischen Gesellschaft für Urologie
Dynamic generation or removal of a scalar hair
Creators: name: Liu, Yunqi
name: Zhang, Cheng-Yong
name: Qian, Wei-Liang
name: Lin, Kai
name: Wang, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study dynamic processes through which the scalar hair of black holes is generated or detached in a theory with a scalar field non-minimally coupled to Gauss-Bonnet and Ricci scalar invariants. We concentrate on the nonlinear temporal evolution of a far-from-equilibrium gravitational system. In our simulations, we choose the initial spacetime to be either a bald Schwarzschild or a scalarized spherically symmetric black hole. Succeeding continuous accretion of the scalar field onto the original black hole, the final fate of the system displays intriguing features, which depend on the initial configurations, strengths of the perturbation, and specific metric parameters. In addition to the scalarization process through which the bald black hole addresses scalar hair, we observe the dynamical descalarization, which removes scalar hair from an original hairy hole after continuous scalar field accretion. We examine the temporal evolution of the scalar field, the metrics, and the Misner-Sharp mass of the spacetime and exhibit rich phase structures through nonlinear dynamical processes.
description: 25 pages, 12 figures
Red Supergiants as Cosmic Abundance Probes: The Sculptor Galaxy NGC 300
Creators: name: Gazak, J. Zachary
name: Kudritzki, Rolf
name: Evans, Chris
name: Patrick, Lee
name: Davies, Ben
name: Bergemann, Maria
name: Plez, Bertrand
name: Bresolin, Fabio
name: Bender, Ralf
name: Wegner, Michael
name: Bonanos, Alceste Z.
name: Williams, Stephen J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a quantitative spectroscopic study of twenty-seven red supergiants in the Sculptor Galaxy NGC 300. J-band spectra were obtained using KMOS on the VLT and studied with state of the art synthetic spectra including NLTE corrections for the strongest diagnostic lines. We report a central metallicity of [Z]= -0.03 +/- 0.05 with a gradient of -0.083 +/- 0.014 [dex/kpc], in agreement with previous studies of blue supergiants and H II-region auroral line measurements. This result marks the first application of the J-band spectroscopic method to a population of individual red supergiant stars beyond the Local Group of galaxies and reveals the great potential of this technique.
description: 11 pages
title: Identifizierung von unterschiedlich exprimierten Genen zur Vorhersage von strahlenresistenten Prostatakarzinomen
Creators: name: Nestler, Tim
name: Wittersheim, Maike
name: Hellmich, Martin
name: Pfister, David
name: Odenthal, Margarete
name: Büttner, Reinhard
name: Schäfer, Stephan
name: Heidenreich, Axel
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Einleitung: Rezidive nach Strahlentherapie bei Prostatakarzinomen (PCa) sind relativ häufig. Jedoch gibt es bis dato keine klinischen Modelle oder Biomarker, um Patienten mit einem hohen Strahlenresistenzrisiko zu identifizieren. Bisher wurden hierzu nur In-vitro-Studien und Untersuchungen an Xenograft-Modellen[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 65. Kongress der Nordrhein-Westfälischen Gesellschaft für Urologie
Quantum heat machines enabled by twisted geometry
Creators: name: Filgueiras, Cleverson
name: Rojas, Moises
name: Silva, Edilberto O.
name: Romero, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we analyze the operation of an Otto cycle heat machine driven by a non-interacting two-dimensional electron gas on a twisted geometry. We show that due to both the energy quantization on this structure and the adiabatic transformation of the number of complete twists per unit length of a helicoid, the machine performance in terms of output work, efficiency, and operation mode can be altered. We consider the deformations as in a spring, which is either compressed or stretched from its resting position. The realization of classically inconceivable Otto machines with an incompressible sample can be realized as well. The energy-level spacing of the system is the quantity that is being either compressed or stretched. These features are due to the existence of an effective geometry-induced quantum potential which is of pure quantum-mechanical origin.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in the International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics
Macro detection using fluorescence detectors
Creators: name: Sidhu, Jagjit Singh
name: Abraham, Roshan Mammen
name: Covault, Corbin
name: Starkman, Glenn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Macroscopic dark matter (aka macros) constitutes a broad class of alternatives to particulate dark matter. We calculate the luminosity produced by the passage of a single macro as a function of its physical cross section. A general detection scheme is developed for measuring the fluorescence caused by a passing macro in the atmosphere that is applicable to any ground based or space based Fluorescence Detecting (FD) telescopes. In particular, we employ this scheme to constrain the parameter space ($σ_{x} \mbox{ vs} \mbox{ M}_{x}$) of macros than can be probed by the Pierre Auger Observatory and by the Extreme Universe Space Observatory onboard the Japanese Experiment Module (JEM-EUSO). It is of particular significance that both detectors are sensitive to macros of nuclear density, since most candidates that have been explored (excepting primordial black holes) are expected to be of approximately nuclear density.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures, 2 table
Characteristic Mode Decomposition Using the Scattering Dyadic in Arbitrary Full-Wave Solvers
Creators: name: Capek, Miloslav
name: Lundgren, Johan
name: Gustafsson, Mats
name: Schab, Kurt
name: Jelinek, Lukas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Characteristic modes are formulated using the scattering dyadic, which maps incident plane waves to scattered far fields generated by an object of arbitrary material composition. Numerical construction of the scattering dyadic using arbitrary full-wave electromagnetic solvers is demonstrated in examples involving a variety of dielectric and magnetic materials. Wrapper functions for computing characteristic modes in method-of-moments, finite-difference time domain, and finite element solvers are provided as supplementary material.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures, with supplementary material (github)
title: Applications of tactile imaging in calibration-less and cuff-less blood pressure monitoring for home care
Creators: name: Hampson, R.
name: Anderson, R.
name: Matthews, R.
name: Dobie, G.
Publisher: name: Strathprints - University of Strathclyde
Year: 2022

description: This paper presents a concise review of current Tactile Imaging research, and industrial innovations, applied to blood pressure (BP) measurements in home and ambulatory care. This paper also presents a review of current accepted methods in measuring blood pressure, with appropriate standards required for new and innovative measurement technologies. The application of Tactile Imaging in BP monitoring has led to several advances in industry and in literature, culminating in solutions implemented on widely available smartphones. Naturally such solutions have great appeal in home care markets, especially amongst the ‘worried well’ and fitness communities. However such systems do not see widespread uptake in clinical practice, with clinicians favoring more traditional measurement technologies despite continuous pressure from the public and clinicians for more accurate and comfortable systems. Though the reasoning for this is largely down to the strict standards for medical devices, and not a small amount of clinical inertia, it must be acknowledged that the mechanics and theory of operation of many incumbent noninvasive BP measurement systems are not well understood. This paper highlights the important findings and recent developments in calibration-less and cuff-less BP monitoring, based on Tactile Imaging, to aid others in advancing this rapidly developing field.
Single Synonymous Mutations in KRAS Cause Transformed Phenotypes in NIH3T3 Cells
Creators: name: Waters, Andrew M.
name: Hartley, James L.
name: Portugal, Franklin
name: Bagni, Rachel
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Synonymous mutations in the KRAS gene are clustered at G12, G13, and G60 in human cancers. We constructed 9 stable NIH3T3 cell lines expressing KRAS, each with one of these synonymous mutations. Compared to the negative control cell line expressing the wild type human KRAS gene, all the synonymous mutant lines expressed more KRAS protein, grew more rapidly and to higher densities, and were more invasive in multiple assays. Three of the cell lines showed dramatic loss of contact inhibition, were more refractile under phase contrast, and their refractility was greatly reduced by treatment with trametinib. Codon usage at these glycines is highly conserved in KRAS compared to HRAS, indicating selective pressure. These transformed phenotypes suggest that synonymous mutations found in driver genes such as KRAS may play a role in human cancers.
title: PSAInForm: Einfluss einer partizipativen Entscheidungshilfe sowie der Kostenübernahme auf den Entscheidungskonflikt zur Durchführung eines PSA-Tests im Regierungsbezirk Münster
Creators: name: Tiedje, Dorothee
name: Hense, Hans-Werner
name: Schlößler, Kathrin
name: Simbrich, Alexandra
name: Borowski, Matthias
name: Bothe, Christiane
name: Kruse, Klaus
name: Kuss, Kathrin
name: Maisel, Peter
name: Jendyk, Ralf
name: Kurosinski, Marc-Andre
name: Gerß, Joachim
name: Heidinger, Oliver
name: Tschuschke, Christian
name: Becker, Ralf
name: Roobol, Monique J.
name: Bangma, Chris
name: Donner-Banzhoff, Norbert
name: Semjonow, Axel
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Einleitung: Die von der deutschen Krebshilfe geförderte PSAInForm-Studie untersucht den Einfluss einer computergestützten Entscheidungshilfe und die Kostenübernahme für den PSA-Test auf den Entscheidungskonflikt für oder gegen die Durchführung eines PSA-Tests im Rahmen [zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 65. Kongress der Nordrhein-Westfälischen Gesellschaft für Urologie
Dynamic Token-Pass Transformers for Semantic Segmentation
Creators: name: Liu, Yuang
name: Zhou, Qiang
name: Wang, Jing
name: Wang, Fan
name: Wang, Jun
name: Zhang, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Vision transformers (ViT) usually extract features via forwarding all the tokens in the self-attention layers from top to toe. In this paper, we introduce dynamic token-pass vision transformers (DoViT) for semantic segmentation, which can adaptively reduce the inference cost for images with different complexity. DoViT gradually stops partial easy tokens from self-attention calculation and keeps the hard tokens forwarding until meeting the stopping criteria. We employ lightweight auxiliary heads to make the token-pass decision and divide the tokens into keeping/stopping parts. With a token separate calculation, the self-attention layers are speeded up with sparse tokens and still work friendly with hardware. A token reconstruction module is built to collect and reset the grouped tokens to their original position in the sequence, which is necessary to predict correct semantic masks. We conduct extensive experiments on two common semantic segmentation tasks, and demonstrate that our method greatly reduces about 40% $\sim$ 60% FLOPs and the drop of mIoU is within 0.8% for various segmentation transformers. The throughput and inference speed of ViT-L/B are increased to more than 2$\times$ on Cityscapes.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Stochastic electron heating in the laser and quasi-static electric and magnetic fields
Creators: name: Zhang, Yanzeng
name: Krasheninnikov, S. I.
name: Knyazev, Alexey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of relativistic electrons in the intense laser radiation and quasi-static electromagnetic fields both along and across to the laser propagating direction are studied in the 3/2 dimensional Hamiltonian framework. It is shown that the unperturbed oscillations of the relativistic electron in these electric fields could exhibit a long tail of harmonics which makes an onset of stochastic electron motion be a primary candidate for electron heating. The Poincaré mappings describing the electron motions in the laser and electric fields only are derived from which the criterions for instability are obtained. It follows that for both transverse and longitudinal electric fields, there exist upper limits of the stochastic electron energy depending on the laser intensity and electric field strength. Specifically, these maximum stochastic energies are enhanced by a strong laser intensity but weak electric field. Such stochastic heating would be reduced by the superluminal phase velocity in both cases. The impacts of the magnetic fields on the electron dynamics are different for these two cases and discussed qualitatively. These analytic results are confirmed by the numerical simulations of solving the 3/2D Hamiltonian equations directly.
Trachodon altidens Lambe 1902
Creators: name: Lambe L., M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1902
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Dinosauria
Trachodontidae
Trachodon
Trachodon altidens

description: Trachodon (Pteropelyx) altidens. Sp. nov. Plate IV, figs. 2, 3 and 4. A lelt maxilla, With the teeth preserved, reveals a hitherto undeseriliccl species of Trachodon. The teeth are distinctly narrow in proportion to their length and are beauti- fully marked, for a short distance above the apex of the crown, on the raised edges of the outer enainelled face by a few, obliquelv placed, transversely elongated embossments, which decrease in size gradually, from the apex of the tooth upward until they become ineonspicuous as a few marginal denticles or projections. The name of the species is suggested by the height of the teeth relative to their breadth and the distance they project beyond the alveolar border. The maxilla indicates an animal of comparatively small size and slender proportions. Three rows of teeth, more generally two, were in use.in the grinding surface at the same time, with at least two or three series of successional teeth following, to replace those in use from the inside, the stumps of the old teeth falling out on the outside of the javv. In ﬁg. 3, the mode of succession of the teeth downward is shown, the bone having been removed for a short distance from the anterior end of the speeimen. About one-ﬁfth of the maxilla is missing anteriorly, as Well as a considerable part of the superior border above the row of lbraınin-a. A prominent, overhanging ridge, runs forward, on the outer side, from the posterior end, forming the outer and lower border of the facet for the front part of thejugal. A notieeable feature is the distance the teeth project beyond the borders of the alveolar walls. Four nellro-vasclllar foramina are conspicuous in the outer wall in front of the ridge lust mentioned. The enamelled surface of the crown of each tooth bears a strong median carination. The teeth from which the apices have been removed by use are quite smooth and do not show the characteristic border markings. COMPARATIVE TABLE OF TEETH OF SPECIES 0F TRACHODON AND PTEROPELYX. [table omitted] A large series of rami of lower jaws of species of Trachodon Were collected in the Red Deer river district. Unfortunately in most of the specimens the teeth are missing, making their speciﬁc identification somewhat conjectural. In fig. 24, three of the rami are ﬁgured to show size and form.
description: Published as part of Lambe L. M., 1902, New genera and species from the Belly River Series (mid-Cretaceous), pp. 25-81 in Geological Survey of Canada Contributions to Canadian Palaeontology 3 on pages 76-78, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3233762
Nanoparticle Taylor dispersion near charged surfaces with an open boundary
Creators: name: Vilquin, Alexandre
name: Bertin, Vincent
name: Raphaël, Elie
name: Dean, David S
name: Salez, Thomas
name: McGraw, Joshua D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dispersive spreading of microscopic particles in shear flows is influenced both by advection and thermal motion. At the nanoscale, interactions between such particles and their confining boundaries become unavoidable. We address the roles of electrostatic repulsion and absorption on the spatial distribution and dispersion of charged nanoparticles in near-surface shear flows, observed under evanescent illumination. The electrostatic repulsion between particles and the lower charged surface is tuned by varying electrolyte concentrations. Particles leaving the field of vision can be neglected from further analysis, such that the experimental ensemble is equivalent to that of Taylor dispersion with absorption. These two ingredients modify the particle distribution, deviating strongly from the Gibbs-Boltzmann one at the nanoscale studied here. The overall effect is to restrain the accessible space available to particles, leading to a striking, ten-fold reduction in the spreading dynamics as compared to the non-interacting case.