cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Rising above COVID-19 challenges: the experience of working mothers in India during COVID-19 pandemic
Creators: name: Mishra, Vinita
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: The COVID-19 pandemic lockdown period has been challenging for most working mothers, leading them to question their effectiveness as mothers and working professionals. This study explores the challenges that working mothers in India face while working remotely during COVID-19 lockdown. Moreover, it examines how challenges related to COVID-19 shape their self-efficacy in managing dual roles. Drawing insights from the Self-Determination Theory (SDT), this study uses the semi-structured interview method to understand the challenges associated with an unprecedented and uncertain crisis like COVID-19. After systematically analysing interviews with 18 working mothers about managing dual roles, this study presents a theoretical model that lays out the mechanism behind the motivation and strategies that working mothers adopt to cope with COVID-19 challenges. Specifically, this research provides a unique insight into not only the challenges confronted by the working mothers but also how they renegotiating or redesigning aspects of their work and home environments so they can rebound from such a challenging situation. The findings of the research still reinforce the idea that the lion’s share of the responsibility still lies with employers which can re-empower their employees by giving them more control to decide how, when and where they work, that is, allowing more time and flexibility in order to attract and retain talents in the ‘new normal’ world of work.
Transient absorption microscopy setup with multi-ten-kilohertz shot-to-shot subtraction and discrete Fourier analysis
Creators: name: Schwarzl, Robert
name: Heim, Pascal
name: Schiek, Manuela
name: Grimaldi, Dario
name: Hohenau, Andreas
name: Krenn, Joachim R.
name: Koch, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recording of transient absorption microscopy images requires fast detection of minute optical density changes, which is typically achieved with high-repetition-rate laser sources and lock-in detection. Here, we present a highly flexible and cost-efficient detection scheme based on a conventional photodiode and an USB oscilloscope with MHz bandwidth, that deviates from the commonly used lock-in scheme and achieves benchmark sensitivity. Our scheme combines shot-to-shot evaluation of pump-probe and probe-only measurements, a home-built photodetector circuit optimized for low pulse energies applying low-pass amplification, and a custom evaluation algorithm based on Fourier transformation. Advantages of this approach include abilities to simultaneously monitor multiple frequencies, parallelization of multiple detector channels, and detection of different pulse sequences (e.g., include pump-only). With a 40 kHz repetition-rate laser system powering two non-collinear optical parametric amplifiers for wide tuneability, we demonstrate the 2-D imaging performance of our transient absorption microscope with studies on micro-crystalline molecular thin films.
Analytic, Computational, and Approximate Forms for Ratios of Noncentral and Central Gaussian Quadratic Forms
Creators: name: Muller, Keith E
name: Gribbin, Matthew J
name: Kim, Hae-Young
name: Taylor, Douglas J
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Many useful statistics equal the ratio of a possibly noncentral chi-square to a quadratic form in Gaussian variables with all positive weights. Expressing the density and distribution function as positively weighted sums of corresponding F functions has many advantages. The mixture forms have analytic value when embedded within a more complex problem. The mixture forms also have computational value. The expansions work well with quadratic forms having few components and small degrees of freedom. A more general algorithm from earlier literature can take longer or fail to converge in the same setting. Many approximations have been suggested for the problem. a positively weighted noncentral quadratic form can always have two moments matched to a noncentral chi-square. For a single quadratic form, the noncentral form performs neither uniformly more or less accurately than older approximations. The approach also gives a noncentral F approximation for any ratio of a positively weighted noncentral form to a positively weighted central quadratic form. The method provides better accuracy for noncentral ratios than approximations based on a single chi-square. The accuracy suffices for many practical applications, such as power analysis, even with few degrees of freedom. Naturally the approximation proves much faster and simpler to compute than any exact method. Embedding the approximation in analytic expressions provides simple forms which correctly guarantee only positive values have nonzero probabilities, and also automatically reduce to partially or fully exact results when either quadratic form has only one term.
An analytical coarse-graining method which preserves the free energy, structural correlations, and thermodynamic state of polymer melts from the atomistic to the mesoscale
Creators: name: McCarty, J.
name: Clark, A. J.
name: Copperman, J.
name: Guenza, M. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Structural and thermodynamic consistency of coarse-graining models across multiple length scales is essential for the predictive role of multi-scale modeling and molecular dynamic simulations that use mesoscale descriptions. Our approach is a coarse-grained model based on integral equation theory, which can represent polymer chains at variable levels of chemical details. The model is analytical and depends on molecular and thermodynamic parameters of the system under study, as well as on the direct correlation function in the k --> 0 limit, c0. A numerical solution to the PRISM integral equations is used to determine c0, by adjusting the value of the effective hard sphere diameter, d, to agree with the predicted equation of state. This single quantity parameterizes the coarse-grained potential, which is used to perform mesoscale simulations that are directly compared with atomistic-level simulations of the same system. We test our coarse-graining formalism by comparing structural correlations, isothermal compressibility, equation of state, Helmholtz and Gibbs free energies, and potential energy and entropy using both united atom and coarse-grained descriptions. We find quantitative agreement between the analytical formalism for the thermodynamic properties, and the results of Molecular Dynamics simulations, independent of the chosen level of representation. In the mesoscale description, the potential energy of the soft-particle interaction becomes a free energy in the coarse-grained coordinates which preserves the excess free energy from an ideal gas across all levels of description. The structural consistency between the united-atom and mesoscale descriptions means the relative entropy between descriptions has been minimized without any variational optimization parameters. The approach is general and applicable to any polymeric system in different thermodynamic conditions.
Bayesian Case Influence Measures for Statistical Models With Missing Data
Creators: name: Tang, Niansheng
name: Ibrahim, Joseph G.
name: Cho, Hyunsoon
name: Zhu, Hongtu
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: We examine three Bayesian case influence measures including the φ-divergence, Cook's posterior mode distance and Cook's posterior mean distance for identifying a set of influential observations for a variety of statistical models with missing data including models for longitudinal data and latent variable models in the absence/presence of missing data. Since it can be computationally prohibitive to compute these Bayesian case influence measures in models with missing data, we derive simple first-order approximations to the three Bayesian case influence measures by using the Laplace approximation formula and examine the applications of these approximations to the identification of influential sets. All of the computations for the first-order approximations can be easily done using Markov chain Monte Carlo samples from the posterior distribution based on the full data. Simulated data and an AIDS dataset are analyzed to illustrate the methodology.
The hidden Cold-water coral communities of the Ormonde seamount (Gorringe Bank): a world to explore, a world to discover
Creators: name: Gutiérrez-Zárate, Cristina
name: Reñones, Olga
name: Rivera, Jesús
name: Carreiro-Silva, Marina
name: Sampaio, Íris
name: Vélez, Pedro
name: Safo Piñeiro
name: Mosquera, Ángela
name: Juancho Movilla
name: Hermida, Miriam
name: Bilan, Meri
name: Lea-Anne Henry
name: Ramos, Manuela
name: Taranto, Gerald
name: López-Jurado, Jose L.
name: Reis, Jesus
name: Jiménez-Aparicio, Juan A.
name: Madureira, Pedro
name: Gori, Andrea
name: Covadonga Orejas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: The hidden cold-water coral communities of the Ormonde seamount (Gorringe Bank): a world to explore, a world to discover. Presentation given at the European Coral Reef Symposium, Oxford, UK, December 2017.
Observation of Magnetic Switchback in the Solar Corona
Creators: name: Telloni, Daniele
name: Zank, Gary P.
name: Stangalini, Marco
name: Downs, Cooper
name: Liang, Haoming
name: Nakanotani, Masaru
name: Andretta, Vincenzo
name: Antonucci, Ester
name: Sorriso-Valvo, Luca
name: Adhikari, Laxman
name: Zhao, Lingling
name: Marino, Raffaele
name: Susino, Roberto
name: Grimani, Catia
name: Fabi, Michele
name: D'Amicis, Raffaella
name: Perrone, Denise
name: Bruno, Roberto
name: Carbone, Francesco
name: Mancuso, Salvatore
name: Romoli, Marco
name: Da Deppo, Vania
name: Fineschi, Silvano
name: Heinzel, Petr
name: Moses, John D.
name: Naletto, Giampiero
name: Nicolini, Gianalfredo
name: Spadaro, Daniele
name: Teriaca, Luca
name: Frassati, Federica
name: Jerse, Giovanna
name: Landini, Federico
name: Pancrazzi, Maurizio
name: Russano, Giuliana
name: Sasso, Clementina
name: Berghmans, David
name: Auchère, Frédéric
name: Cuadrado, Regina Aznar
name: Chitta, Lakshmi P.
name: Harra, Louise
name: Kraaikamp, Emil
name: Long, David M.
name: Mandal, Sudip
name: Parenti, Susanna
name: Pelouze, Gabriel
name: Peter, Hardi
name: Rodriguez, Luciano
name: Schühle, Udo
name: Schwanitz, Conrad
name: Smith, Phil J.
name: Verbeeck, Cis
name: Zhukov, Andrei N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Switchbacks are sudden, large radial deflections of the solar wind magnetic field, widely revealed in interplanetary space by the Parker Solar Probe. The switchbacks' formation mechanism and sources are still unresolved, although candidate mechanisms include Alfvénic turbulence, shear-driven Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities, interchange reconnection, and geometrical effects related to the Parker spiral. This Letter presents observations from the Metis coronagraph onboard Solar Orbiter of a single large propagating S-shaped vortex, interpreted as first evidence of a switchback in the solar corona. It originated above an active region with the related loop system bounded by open-field regions to the East and West. Observations, modeling, and theory provide strong arguments in favor of the interchange reconnection origin of switchbacks. Metis measurements suggest that the initiation of the switchback may also be an indicator of the origin of slow solar wind.
Sub-optical wavelength acoustic wave modulation of integrated photonic resonators at microwave frequencies
Creators: name: Tadesse, Semere Ayalew
name: Li, Mo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Light-sound interactions have long been exploited in various acousto-optic devices based on bulk crystalline materials. Conventionally these devices operate in megahertz frequency range where the acoustic wavelength is much longer than the optical wavelength and a long interaction length is required to attain significant coupling. With nanoscale transducers, acoustic waves with sub-optical wavelengths can now be excited to induce strong acousto-optic coupling in nanophotonic devices. Here we demonstrate microwave frequency surface acoustic wave transducers co-integrated with nanophotonic resonators on piezoelectric aluminum nitride substrates. Acousto-optic modulation of the resonance modes at above 10 GHz with the acoustic wavelength significantly below the optical wavelength is achieved. The phase and modal matching conditions in this scheme are investigated for efficient modulation. The new acousto-optic platform can lead to novel optical devices based on nonlinear Brillouin processes and provides a direct, wideband link between optical and microwave photons for microwave photonics and quantum optomechanics.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Nature Communications
Adaptively Weighted Large Margin Classifiers
Creators: name: Liu, Yufeng
name: Wu, Yichao
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Large margin classifiers have been shown to be very useful in many applications. The Support Vector Machine is a canonical example of large margin classifiers. Despite their flexibility and ability in handling high dimensional data, many large margin classifiers have serious drawbacks when the data are noisy, especially when there are outliers in the data. In this paper, we propose a new weighted large margin classification technique. The weights are chosen adaptively with data. The proposed classifiers are shown to be robust to outliers and thus are able to produce more accurate classification results.
$Ω_{ccc}$ Production in High Energy Nuclear Collisions
Creators: name: He, Hang
name: Liu, Yunpeng
name: Zhuang, Pengfei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the production of $Ω_{ccc}$ baryon in high energy nuclear collisions via quark coalescence mechanism. The wave function of $Ω_{ccc}$ is solved from the Schrödinger equation for the bound state of three charm quarks by using the hyperspherical method. The production cross section of $Ω_{ccc}$ per binary collision in a central Pb+Pb collision at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=2.76$ TeV reaches 9 nb, which is at least two orders of magnitude larger than that in a p+p collision at the same energy. Therefore, it is most probable to discover $Ω_{ccc}$ in heavy ion collisions at LHC, and the observation will be a clear signature of the quark-gluon plasma formation.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Consistent truncations to 3-dimensional supergravity
Creators: name: Galli, Michele
name: Malek, Emanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how to construct consistent truncations of 10-/11-dimensional supergravity to 3-dimensional gauged supergravity, preserving various amounts of supersymmetry. We show, that as in higher dimensions, consistent truncations can be defined in terms of generalised $G$-structures in Exceptional Field Theory, with $G \subset E_{8(8)}$ for the 3-dimensional case. Differently from higher dimensions, the generalised Lie derivative of $E_{8(8)}$ Exceptional Field Theory requires a set of "covariantly constrained" fields to be well-defined, and we show how these can be constructed from the $G$-structure itself. We prove several general features of consistent truncations, allowing us to rule out a higher-dimensional origin of many 3-dimensional gauged supergravities. In particular, we show that the compact part of the gauge group can be at most $\mathrm{SO}(9)$ and that there are no consistent truncations on a 7-or 8-dimensional product of spheres such that the full isometry group of the spheres is gauged. Moreover, we classify which matter-coupled ${\cal N} \geq 4$ gauged supergravities can arise from consistent truncations. Finally, we give several examples of consistent truncations to three dimensions. These include the truncations of IIA and IIB supergravity on $S^7$ leading to two different ${\cal N}=16$ gauged supergravites, as well as more general IIA/IIB truncations on $H^{p,7-p}$. We also show how to construct consistent truncations on compactifications of IIB supergravity on $S^5$ fibred over a Riemann surface. These result in 3-dimensional ${\cal N}=4$ gauged supergravities with scalar manifold ${\cal M} = \frac{\mathrm{SO}(6,4)}{\mathrm{SO}(6) \times \mathrm{SO}(4)} \times \frac{\mathrm{SU}(2,1)}{\mathrm{S}(\mathrm{U}(2)\times\mathrm{U}(1))}$ with a $\mathrm{ISO}(3)\times\mathrm{U}(1)^4$ gauging and for hyperboloidal Riemann surfaces contain ${\cal N}=(2,2)$ AdS$_3$ vacua.
description: 33 pages plus appendix
Simultaneous J-, H-, K- and L-band spectroscopic observations of galactic Be stars. I. IR atlas
Creators: name: Cochetti, Y. R.
name: Arias, M. L.
name: Cidale, L. S.
name: Granada, A.
name: Torres, A. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is already accepted that Be stars are surrounded by circumstellar envelopes, which are mostly compatible with a disc geometry in Keplerian rotation. We aim to obtain a more complete characterisation of the properties of the circumstellar environment of Be stars that helps to constrain the theoretical models of the Be phenomenon. We present near-infrared, medium-resolution spectra of a sample of galactic Be stars with different spectral subtypes and luminosity classes. We measure different parameters of the hydrogen recombination lines from the Paschen, Brackett, Pfund, and Humphreys series, and use them to diagnose physical conditions in the circumstellar environment. We analysed the equivalent-width (EW) ratio between Br$α$ and Br$γ$ lines and different diagrams of flux ratios. We also identify lines from He I, C I, N I, O I, Na I, Mg I, Mg II, Si I, Fe I, and Fe II. Analysing the EW measurements of particular He I, Mg II, Fe I, Fe II and O I lines, we find that for some lines they correlate with the spectral type of the star. Particularly, the emission of the O I~$λ\,1.3168\,μ$m line decreases towards the later spectral types. We present an atlas of 22 Be stars, that covers a wide infrared (IR) spectral range with quasi-simultaneous observations. From a detailed analysis, we define new complementary criteria to Mennickent's classification of Be stars according to their disc opacity. Some objects in our sample present compact thick envelopes, while in others the envelope is extended and optically thin. The correlation between the full widths at half maximum (FWHM) and the peak separation ($Δ\mathrm{V}$) versus $V\,\sin\,i$ for the Br10, Br$δ$, and Hu14 lines reveals that the broadening mechanism is rotational. The Ly$β$ fluorescence is a key mechanism to explain the intensity of the emission of Mg II and O I lines.
description: 27 pages, 14 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
Professional Commitment And Self-Efficacy Of School Teachers: A study.
Creators: name: Dr. Ritika Soni
name: Miss. Preeti Sahu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Abstract Professional commitment is the spirit of a teacher with which he is bound to his profession characterized by professional competencies, professional loyalty, consistency, and conformity to professional standards and ethics. A teacher educator (also called a teacher trainer) is a person who helps other people to acquire the knowledge, competencies and attitudes they require to be effective teachers The teaching profession requires commitment. An effective educator needs to be committed not only to their students, but to their teaching profession as a whole. Professional Commitment Scale for Teachers (By Dr. Ravinder Kaur, Dr. Sarbjit Kaur Ranu, Mrs. Sarvjeet Kaur Brar.) and General Self-efficacy Scale (By Sonali Sud) are used to investigate the relationship between professional commitment and se lf efficacy. The result of the study reveals that there exists positive moderate relationship (+.41 to +.70= Moderate) of commitment to learner of school teachers with their self-efficacy
Functional Robust Support Vector Machines for Sparse and Irregular Longitudinal Data
Creators: name: Wu, Yichao
name: Liu, Yufeng
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Functional and longitudinal data are becoming more and more common in practice. This paper focuses on sparse and irregular longitudinal data with a multicategory response. The predictor consists of sparse and irregular observations, potentially contaminated with measurement errors, on the predictor trajectory. To deal with this type of complicated predictors, we borrow the strength of large margin classifiers in statistical learning for classification of sparse and irregular longitudinal data. In particular, we propose functional robust truncated-hinge-loss support vector machines to perform multicategory classification with the aid of functional principal component analysis.
Dynamics of fronts in optical media with linear gain and nonlinear losses
Creators: name: Allayarov, Izzat M.
name: Tsoy, Eduard N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of fronts, or kinks, in dispersive media with gain and losses is considered. It is shown that the front parameters, such as the velocity and width, depend on initial conditions. This result is not typical for dissipative systems. For exponentially decreasing initial conditions, the relations for the front parameters are found. A presence of the global bifurcation, when a soliton solution is replaced by the front solution, is demonstrated. It is also shown that in order to observe fronts, the front velocity should be larger than the characteristic velocity of the modulational instability.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
Phase diagram of a bilinear-biquadratic spin-1 model on the triangular lattice from density matrix renormalization group simulations
Creators: name: Szasz, Aaron
name: Wang, Chong
name: He, Yin-Chen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a highly frustrated spin-1 model on the triangular lattice, with nearest- and next-nearest-neighbor antiferromagnetic $S\cdot S$ interactions and nearest-neighbor $(S\cdot S)^2$ interactions. Using the density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) technique, we find three magnetically ordered phases, namely 120$^\circ$ spiral order, stripe order, and tetrahedral order, as well as two spin nematic phases: ferroquadrupolar and antiferroquadrupolar. While our data could be consistent with a spin liquid phase between the 120$^\circ$ spiral and antiferroquadrupolar orders, the more likely scenario is a direct continuous transition between these two orders.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, plus 13 pages (17 figures) Supplemental Material
Electromagnetic quasinormal modes of an asymptotically Lifshitz black hole
Creators: name: Lopez-Ortega, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the recent interest in the study of the spacetimes that are asymptotically Lifshitz and in order to extend some previous results, we calculate exactly the quasinormal frequencies of the electromagnetic field in a D-dimensional asymptotically Lifshitz black hole. Based on the values obtained for the quasinormal frequencies we discuss the classical stability of the quasinormal modes. We also study whether the electromagnetic field possesses unstable modes in the D-dimensional Lifshitz spacetime.
description: 19 pages. Accepted for publication
The Panchromatic Hubble Andromeda Treasury. Progression of Large-Scale Star Formation across Space and Time in M31
Creators: name: Gouliermis, Dimitrios A.
name: Beerman, Lori C.
name: Bianchi, Luciana
name: Dalcanton, Julianne J.
name: Dolphin, Andrew E.
name: Fouesneau, Morgan
name: Gordon, Karl D.
name: Guhathakurta, Puragra
name: Kalirai, Jason
name: Lang, Dustin
name: Seth, Anil
name: Skillman, Evan
name: Weisz, Daniel R.
name: Williams, Benjamin F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the clustering of early-type stars younger than 300 Myr on galactic scales in M31. Based on the stellar photometric catalogs of the Panchromatic Hubble Andromeda Treasury program that also provides stellar parameters derived from the individual energy distributions, our analysis is focused on the young stars in three star-forming regions, located at galactocentric distances of about 5, 10, and 15 kpc, corresponding to the inner spiral arms, the ring structure, and the outer arm, respectively. We apply the two-point correlation function to our selected sample to investigate the clustering behavior of these stars across different time- and length-scales. We find that young stellar structure survives across the whole extent of M31 longer than 300 Myr. Stellar distribution in all regions appears to be self-similar, with younger stars being systematically more strongly clustered than the older, which are more dispersed. The observed clustering is interpreted as being induced by turbulence, the driving source for which is probably gravitational instabilities driven by the spiral arms, which are stronger closer to the galactic centre.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures. To appear in "LESSONS FROM THE LOCAL GROUP - A Conference in Honour of David Block and Bruce Elmegreen" eds. Freeman, K.C., Elmegreen, B.G., Block, D.L. & Woolway, M. (Springer: New York)
Functional Data Analysis of Tree Data Objects
Creators: name: Bhamidi, Shankar
name: Kim, Yongdai
name: Muñoz Maldonado, Yolanda
name: Shen, Haipeng
name: Marron, J. S.
name: Shen, Dan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Data analysis on non-Euclidean spaces, such as tree spaces, can be challenging. The main contribution of this paper is establishment of a connection between tree data spaces and the well developed area of Functional Data Analysis (FDA), where the data objects are curves. This connection comes through two tree representation approaches, the Dyck path representation and the branch length representation. These representations of trees in Euclidean spaces enable us to exploit the power of FDA to explore statistical properties of tree data objects. A major challenge in the analysis is the sparsity of tree branches in a sample of trees. We overcome this issue by using a tree pruning technique that focuses the analysis on important underlying population structures. This method parallels scale-space analysis in the sense that it reveals statistical properties of tree structured data over a range of scales. The effectiveness of these new approaches is demonstrated by some novel results obtained in the analysis of brain artery trees. The scale space analysis reveals a deeper relationship between structure and age. These methods are the first to find a statistically significant gender difference.
Exotic break-up modes in heavy ion reactions at low energies
Creators: name: Rizzo, C.
name: Colonna, M.
name: Baran, V.
name: Di Toro, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New reaction mechanisms occurring in heavy ion collisions at low energy (10- 30 MeV/A) are investigated within the Stochastic Mean Field model. We concentrate on the analysis of ternary breakup events, of dynamical origin, occurring in semi-central reactions, where the formation of excited systems in various conditions of shape and angular momentum is observed. We show how this fragmentation mode, which can be considered as a precursor of the neck emission observed at higher beam energies, emerges from the combined action of surface (neck) instabilities and angular momentum effects. Interesting perspectives are opening towards the investigation of this mechanism in neutron-rich (or exotic) systems, with the possibility to access information on the low-density behavior of the nuclear symmetry energy.
description: submitted to Phys. Rev. C
Discovery of the most luminous quasar of the last 9 Gyr
Creators: name: Onken, Christopher A.
name: Lai, Samuel
name: Wolf, Christian
name: Lucy, Adrian B.
name: Hon, Wei Jeat
name: Tisserand, Patrick
name: Sokoloski, Jennifer L.
name: Luna, Gerardo J. M.
name: Manick, Rajeev
name: Fan, Xiaohui
name: Bian, Fuyan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of a bright (g = 14.5 mag (AB), K = 11.9 mag (Vega)) quasar at redshift z = 0.83 -- the optically brightest (unbeamed) quasar at z > 0.4. SMSS J114447.77-430859.3, at a Galactic latitude of b = +18.1deg, was identified by its optical colours from the SkyMapper Southern Survey (SMSS) during a search for symbiotic binary stars. Optical and near-infrared spectroscopy reveals broad MgII, H-beta, H-alpha, and Pa-beta emission lines, from which we measure a black hole mass of log10(M_BH/M_Sun) = 9.4 +/- 0.5. With its high luminosity, L_bol = (4.7 +/- 1.0) * 10^47 erg/s or M_i(z=2) = -29.74 mag (AB), we estimate an Eddington ratio of ~1.4. As the most luminous quasar known over the last ~9 Gyr of cosmic history, having a luminosity 8 times greater than 3C 273, the source offers a range of potential follow-up opportunities.
description: 13 pages. Accepted for publication in PASA
DigiEfekt: looduspädevus (science competance)
Creators: name: Pedaste, Margus
Publisher: name: Tartu Ülikooli haridusteaduste instituut
Year: 2023
Subjects: DIGIVARA5
science competence
looduspädevus
DigiEfekt
põhikool
Eesti
test

description: README-fail (ing k) on leitav DigiEfekti kollektsiooni “Koondfaili” juurest.
description: Looduspädevuse andmekogu on osa DigiEfekti (DIGIVARA5) koondandmekogust. Andmekogu koosneb kolmest tabelist (“science_3_data”; “science_6_data”; “science_9_data”), kus on esitatud 3., 6. ja 9. klassi õpilaste sügisese ja kevadise andmekogumise andmed, sh konstruktispetsiifilised tunnused. Koodiraamat on lisatud andmefailidesse teisele lehele ("Codebook"). Lisatud on uuringu instrumente ja tulemusi kirjeldav põhiuuringu raport (“science_report_est”). Looduspädevuse testiga hinnati loodusteaduste õpitulemusi viie kirjeldatava tunnuse lõikes neljal erineval tasemel. Viis hinnatavat tunnust olid analüüsioskused, kavandamisoskused, tõlgendamisoskused, uurimuslikud teadmised ja ainealased teadmised. 3. klassis kasutati ülesandeid alg-, kesk- ja kõrgtasemel ning 6. ja 9. klassis kesk-, kõrg- ja tipptasemel. Tasemed on omavahel kooliastmeti võrreldavad.
description: [ENG] The science competence data set is part of the Digiefekt project (DIGIVARA5) aggregated data set. The data set comprises three tables (“science_3_data”; “science_6_data”; “science_9_data”) that present the third-, sixth- and ninth-grade students’ data from the autumn and spring data collection rounds, incl. the construct-specific variables. The codebook is found on the second sheet of the data files ("Codebook"). There is also the main study report on the study instruments and results (“science_report_est”). The science competence test was used to assess students’ study results in Science across five describable variables on four different levels. The five variables assessed were the following: analysis skills, planning skills, interpretation skills, inquiry knowledge and subject knowledge. In the third grade, basic-, medium- and high-level assignments were used; in the sixth and ninth grade, the assigments were on medium, high and advanced levels. The levels are comparable across stages of study.
description: Raporti soovituslik viide eestikeelses allikas: Pedaste, M. (2022). DigiEfekti põhiuuringu tulemuste raport – looduspädevus. Tartu Ülikool. https://datadoi.ee/handle/33/544
description: Raporti soovituslik viide ingliskeelses allikas: Pedaste, M. (2022). DigiEfekti põhiuuringu tulemuste raport – looduspädevus. [Report of the DigiEfekt project – science competence]. University of Tartu. https://datadoi.ee/handle/33/544
Regression Analysis for Dairy Farming in Junagadh district
Creators: name: Dr. Vinay Pandit
name: Dr. Swati Desai
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Dairy farming, A2 milk, Green and Dry Fodder, significance

description: Abstract: Dairy farming is one of the fast-moving and profitable businesses in the current scenario. The demand for pure milk has increased since the awareness regarding the benefits of A2 milk. Thus, an attempt was made by the researcher to identify the equation which may predict the volume of milk with the independent variables like the amount of Green fodder and Dry Fodder. The equation formed represents the quantity of milk which can be forecasted among Gir cows. The equation y= 1.867 + 1.016x where x= Quantity of Green Fodder (Kg per day) and y= Quantity of Milk (litres per day) is significant and has an accuracy level of 99.70% whereas, y= 9.064+ 0.343x is not significant and has an accuracy level of only 8.70%. Thus, this research will help the dairy farmers to reschedule their primary activity concerning dairy farming of Gir cows in Junagadh district of Gujarat concerning intake which these cows are fed.
Calculation of size for bound-state constituents
Creators: name: Glazek, Stanislaw D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Elements are given of a calculation that identifies the size of a proton in the Schroedinger equation for lepton-proton bound states, using the renormalization group procedure for effective particles (RGPEP) in quantum field theory, executed only up to the second order of expansion in powers of the coupling constant. Already in this crude approximation, the extraction of size of a proton from bound-state observables is found to depend on the lepton mass, so that the smaller the lepton mass the larger the proton size extracted from the same observable bound-state energy splitting. In comparison of Hydrogen and muon-proton bound-state dynamics, the crude calculation suggests that the difference between extracted proton sizes in these two cases can be a few percent. Such values would match the order of magnitude of currently discussed proton-size differences in leptonic atoms. Calculations using the RGPEP of higher order than second are required for a precise interpretation of the energy splittings in terms of the proton size in the Schroedinger equation. Such calculations should resolve the conceptual discrepancy between two conditions: that the renormalization group scale required for high accuracy calculations based on the Schroedinger equation is much smaller than the proton mass (on the order of a root of the product of reduced and average masses of constituents) and that the energy splittings due to the physical proton size can be interpreted ignoring corrections due to the effective nature of constituents in the Schrödinger equation.
description: 31 pages, plain latex, 2 figures
Gaussian Process Model for the Local Stellar Velocity Field from Gaia Data Release 2
Creators: name: Nelson, Patrick
name: Widrow, Lawrence M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We model the local stellar velocity field using position and velocity measurements for 4M stars from the second data release of Gaia. We determine the components of the mean or bulk velocity in ~27k spatially-defined bins. Our assumption is that these quantities constitute a Gaussian process where the correlation between the bulk velocity at different locations is described by a simple covariance function or kernel. We use a sparse Gaussian process algorithm based on inducing points to construct a non-parametric, smooth, and differentiable model for the underlying velocity field. We estimate the Oort constants A, B, C, and K and find values in excellent agreement with previous results. Maps of the velocity field within 2 kpc of the Sun reveal complicated substructures, which provide clear evidence that the local disk is in a state of disequilibrium. We present the first 3D map of the divergence of the stellar velocity field and identify regions of the disk that may be undergoing compression and rarefaction.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures; typos corrected, figure format
Galaxy and Mass Assembly (GAMA): Probing galaxy-group correlations in redshift space with the halo streaming model
Creators: name: Hang, Qianjun
name: Peacock, John A.
name: Alam, Shadab
name: Cai, Yan-Chuan
name: Kraljic, Katarina
name: van Daalen, Marcel
name: Bilicki, M.
name: Holwerda, B. W.
name: Loveday, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the galaxy-group cross-correlations in redshift space for the Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA) Survey. We use a set of mock GAMA galaxy and group catalogues to develop and test a novel 'halo streaming' model for redshift-space distortions. This treats 2-halo correlations via the streaming model, plus an empirical 1-halo term derived from the mocks, allowing accurate modelling into the nonlinear regime. In order to probe the robustness of the growth rate inferred from redshift-space distortions, we divide galaxies by colour, and divide groups according to their total stellar mass, calibrated to total mass via gravitational lensing. We fit our model to correlation data, to obtain estimates of the perturbation growth rate, $fσ_8$, validating parameter errors via the dispersion between different mock realizations. In both mocks and real data, we demonstrate that the results are closely consistent between different subsets of the group and galaxy populations, considering the use of correlation data down to some minimum projected radius, $r_{\rm min}$. For the mock data, we can use the halo streaming model to below $r_{\rm min} = 5h^{-1}$ Mpc, finding that all subsets yield growth rates within about 3% of each other, and consistent with the true value. For the actual GAMA data, the results are limited by cosmic variance: $fσ_8=0.29\pm 0.10$ at an effective redshift of 0.20; but there is every reason to expect that this method will yield precise constraints from larger datasets of the same type, such as the DESI bright galaxy survey.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures. Matched to the accepted version
Preferential attachment with partial information
Creators: name: Carletti, Timoteo
name: Gargiulo, Floriana
name: Lambiotte, Renaud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a preferential attachment model for network growth where new entering nodes have a partial information about the state of the network. Our main result is that the presence of bounded information modifies the degree distribution by introducing an exponential tail, while it preserves a power law behaviour over a finite small range of degrees. On the other hand, unbounded information is sufficient to let the network grow as in the standard Barabási-Albert model. Surprisingly, the latter feature holds true also when the fraction of known nodes goes asymptotically to zero. Analytical results are compared to direct simulations.
Spatially Weighted Principal Component Analysis for Imaging Classification
Creators: name: Ahn, Mihye
name: Hongtu Zhu, Hongtu Zhu
name: Guo, Ruixin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: The aim of this paper is to develop a supervised dimension reduction framework, called Spatially Weighted Principal Component Analysis (SWPCA), for high dimensional imaging classification. Two main challenges in imaging classification are the high dimensionality of the feature space and the complex spatial structure of imaging data. In SWPCA, we introduce two sets of novel weights including global and local spatial weights, which enable a selective treatment of individual features and incorporation of the spatial structure of imaging data and class label information. We develop an e cient two-stage iterative SWPCA algorithm and its penalized version along with the associated weight determination. We use both simulation studies and real data analysis to evaluate the finite-sample performance of our SWPCA. The results show that SWPCA outperforms several competing principal component analysis (PCA) methods, such as supervised PCA (SPCA), and other competing methods, such as sparse discriminant analysis (SDA).
HIT2GAP – Eine innovative Energiemanagementplattform
Creators: name: Réhault, Nicolas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017

description: Im Projekt HIT2GAP entwickelt ein europäisches Konsortium eine Energiemanagementplattform zur Minimierung des Performance Gaps von Gebäuden. Die Lösung ist für Facility Manager bestimmt und bündelt Werkzeuge zur Simulation, Messdaten­analyse und BIM in einer Smartphone-ähnlichen Architektur.
Hubble Space Telescope Proper Motion (HSTPROMO) Catalogs of Galactic Globular Clusters. VII. Energy Equipartition
Creators: name: Watkins, Laura L.
name: van der Marel, Roeland P.
name: Libralato, Mattia
name: Bellini, Andrea
name: Anderson, Jay
name: Alfaro-Cuello, Mayte
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the degree of energy equipartition in 9 Galactic globular clusters using proper motions measured with the Hubble Space Telescope. For most clusters in the sample, this is the first energy equipartition study ever performed. This study is also the largest of its kind, albeit with only 9 clusters. We begin by rigorously cleaning the catalogues to remove poor-quality measurements and to ensure high signal-to-noise for the study. Using the cleaned catalogues, we investigate how velocity dispersion $σ$ changes with stellar mass $m$. We fit two functional forms: the first, a classic power-law of the form $σ\propto m^{-η}$ where $η$ is the degree of energy equipartition, and the second from Bianchini et al. (2016) parameterised by an equipartition mass $m_{eq}$ where $η$ changes with stellar mass. We find that both functions fit well but cannot distinguish with statistical significance which function provides the best fit. All clusters exhibit varying degrees of partial equipartition; no cluster is at or near full equipartition. We search for correlations of $η$ and $m_{eq}$ with various cluster properties. The most significant correlation is observed with the number of core or median relaxation times ($N_{core}$ or $N_{half}$) the cluster has experienced. Finally, we determine the radial equipartition profile for each cluster, that is, how the degree of equipartition changes with projected distance from the cluster centre. We do not detect statistically significant trends in the degree of equipartition with radius. Overall, our observational findings are in broad agreement with theoretical predictions from N-body models published in recent years.
description: 26 pages, 16 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ
Unsuitable use of spin and pseudospin symmetries with a pseudoscalar Cornell potential
Creators: name: Castro, L. B.
name: de Castro, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The concepts of spin and pseudospin symmetries has been used as mere rhetorics to decorate the pseudoscalar potential [Chin. Phys. B 22 090301 (2013)]. It is also pointed out that a more complete analysis of the bound states of fermions in a a pseudoscalar Cornell potential has already been published elsewhere.
description: 6 pages, to appear in Chi. Phys. B
Statistical Significance of Clustering Using Soft Thresholding
Creators: name: Yuan, Ming
name: Marron, J. S.
name: Liu, Yufeng
name: Huang, Hanwen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Clustering methods have led to a number of important discoveries in bioinformatics and beyond. A major challenge in their use is determining which clusters represent important underlying structure, as opposed to spurious sampling artifacts. This challenge is especially serious, and very few methods are available, when the data are very high in dimension. Statistical Significance of Clustering (SigClust) is a recently developed cluster evaluation tool for high dimensional low sample size data. An important component of the SigClust approach is the very definition of a single cluster as a subset of data sampled from a multivariate Gaussian distribution. The implementation of SigClust requires the estimation of the eigenvalues of the covariance matrix for the null multivariate Gaussian distribution. We show that the original eigenvalue estimation can lead to a test that suffers from severe inflation of type-I error, in the important case where there are a few very large eigenvalues. This paper addresses this critical challenge using a novel likelihood based soft thresholding approach to estimate these eigenvalues, which leads to a much improved SigClust. Major improvements in SigClust performance are shown by both mathematical analysis, based on the new notion of Theoretical Cluster Index, and extensive simulation studies. Applications to some cancer genomic data further demonstrate the usefulness of these improvements.
Représenter une histoire (ré)conciliatrice dans l’île d’Irlande (1990- 1998)
Creators: name: Cauvin, Thomas
Publisher: name: T. Cauvin, Représenter une histoire (ré)conciliatrice dans l’île d’Irlande (1990- 1998), «Culture & Musées», n. 20, 2012, pp. 143-165.
Year: 2012
Subjects: Museum
Exhibition
Ireland
Reconciliation

description: L’ île d’Irlande 1 a connu, à l’image de nombreux autres pays européens, ce que Pierre Nora appelle une «boulimie des commémorations » (Nora, 1997 : 4692). À tel point que certains auteurs parlent «d’âge des commémorations » . L’une des spécificités des commémorations en Irlande et en Irlande du Nord fut les volontés politiques d’utilisation du passé pour promouvoir le processus politique de (ré) conciliation
Scalable Negotiator for a Community Trust Framework in Federated Infrastructures (Snctfi)
Creators: name: Florio, Licia
name: Groep, David Leo
name: Kanellopoulos, Christos
name: Kelsey, David
name: Linden, Mikael
name: Neilson, Ian
name: Paetow, Stefan
name: Pempe, Wolfgang
name: Ribaillier, Vincent
name: Sallé, Mischa
name: Short, Hannah
name: Stevanovic, Uros
name: Venekamp, Gerban
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Federated Identity Infrastructure
AARC
IGTF
Trust framework

description: This paper identifies operational and policy requirements to help establish trust between an Infrastructure and identity providers either in an R&E Federation or in another Infrastructure, in each case joined via a Service Provider to Identity Provider proxy.