cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 4 of UTRN inhibits melanoma growth by suppressing p38 and JNK/c-Jun signaling pathways
Creators: name: Zhou, Sitong
name: Ouyang, Wen
name: Zhang, Xi
name: Liao, Lexi
name: Pi, Xiaobing
name: Yang, Ronghua
name: Mei, Baiqiang
name: Xu, Huaiyuan
name: Xiang, Shijian
name: Li, Jiehua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 4: Table S2. Gene sets enriched in phenotype high.
Lehrplan 21 und das Primar-Englischlehrmittel Double Decker
Creators: name: Bader, Ursula
name: Trüb, Ruth
Publisher: name: Professur für Englischdidaktik und ihre Disziplinen, Institut Primarstufe, Pädagogische Hochschule FHNW
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Lehrmittel
subject: Englisch als Fremdsprache
subject: Primarschule
subject: Double Decker
subject: Lehrplan 21
subject: 370 - Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen

description: Das Video zeigt auf, wie das Englischlehrmittel Double Decker mit dem Lehrplan 21 verknüpft ist. Das Lehrmittel wurde ab 2018 an den Aargauer Primarschulen eingeführt. Es ist erschienen bei Macmillan Education, London, und löst die bisherigen Lehrmittel Here Comes Super Bus und Top deck ab.
Statistical approaches for copy number variation detection and association with complex human phenotypes
Creators: name: De, Tisham
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: Copy number variants (CNVs) play an important role in the disease pathogenesis, including epilepsy, diabetes and many others. CNVs, are also known to affect cellular phenotypes through several phenomenon such as gene dosage. Next generation technologies for sequencing (DNA and RNA) and metabolite profiling (metabolomics) has led to the systematic discovery and evaluation of various genomic variants and their relationship to multiple phenotypes. Such approaches often involve application of several statistical and machine learning methods for unravelling new relationships between genomic variants and phenotypes i.e. disease outcomes or quantitative traits characterized at the molecular level. This thesis explores and develops several statistical methods for CNV detection and association with complex human phenotypes, in particular for epilepsy drug-response, epilepsy susceptibility, metabolomics and gene expression. In more detail, chapter 3, describes a genome wide CNV association analysis for two phenotypes including epilepsy susceptibility and epilepsy drug response. I have identified several important candidate genes for these two phenotypes, including the top most associated genes, SLC9A1 (p-value=6.69E-15) for epilepsy susceptibility and WWOX (p-value=1.93E-3) for epilepsy drug response. These associations were replicated in a separate Australian cohort and were further validated in lab and in-silico, leading to some positive and negative confirmation. In chapter 4, I present CNV association with metabolomic data in the exonic regions of the TSPAN8 gene. A strong association signal was detected in the 6th exon and 7th exon of the TSPAN8 gene, where a large proportion of metabonomic lipid phenotypes were found to be associated with univariate (P-value=7.64E-4) and multivariate (P-value=1.33E-6) approaches. These CNVs were also found to be nominally associated with type 2 diabetes (P-value=3.32e-7). In addition, I also carried out advanced multivariate based association analysis to corroborate these results and further reported sequencing based validation results for TSPAN8 exonic CNVs in different human populations from the 1000 genomes project. In chapter 5, I report a genome wide CNV association analysis with gene expression in ten different regions of the human brain. I identified a novel CNV near the DRD5 gene which was found to be strongly associated with gene expression. Further, I have reported on-going efforts to replicate and validate this finding. Each of these different phenotype categories analysed posed its own unique challenges and required specific approaches for analysis and interpretation.
CCWI2017: F151 'Leakage Modelling: High Leakage Exponents Due to Friction Effects'
Creators: name: Heckmann, Klaus
name: Sievers, Jürgen
Publisher: name: The University of Sheffield
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 90599 Civil Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: The relationship between pressure and leakage in water distribution systems has been in the focus of several studies. A common description of the pressure-leakage response is a power equation, or a combination of two different powers like in the fixed and variable area discharge (FAVAD) concept. From a theoretical perspective the exponent can be understood as the result of variable leak opening under pressure and the water flow through the leak channel, which may have different behaviour for specific applications. Thus, these theoretical considerations may explain leakage exponents in the range of 0.5 to 1.5 for turbulent flow. This is known to be contradicted by values from field studies, which measure occasionally higher leakage powers. The understanding of this behaviour of leaks is still challenging. In other fields, namely in process industry and nuclear technology, the behaviour of leaks in pipes is also modelled. A relevant ingredient for the leakage-pressure relationship of a crack-like leak in such an installation is the individual flow resistance of a leak. The modelling of such flow resistance, partly due to friction, is the outcome of decades of studies and evaluations of experiments. In the paper, these friction modelling aspects are applied to leaks in water distribution systems. It is shown that the consideration of frictional resistance of leaks can explain leakage exponents higher than 1.5.
Role of Cnot3 in gene regulation and cell cycle progression
Creators: name: Martufi, Matteo
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: Gene expression is a process that is tightly regulated by many factors. Different genes are transcribed not only in a cell specific manner but are also differentially expressed at different stages of the cell cycle. Cnot3 is part of the CCR4-NOT deadenylation complex, which is involved in the turnover of mRNAs in the cytoplasm and has also been shown to have roles in regulating transcription and cell proliferation and in maintaining ES cell pluripotency. Previous work demonstrated that Cnot3 interacts directly with Aurora B kinase and is phosphorylated by Aurora B in an in vitro assay. Aurora B and Cnot3 co-localise at active gene promoters in resting B cells. Since Aurora B is a cell cycle kinase, I have developed a cell synchronization system to analyse the role of the Cnot3-Aurora B interaction at different stages of the cell cycle in primary B cells. Using this system, I have demonstrated that the interaction between Cnot3 and Aurora B varies during cell cycle progression. In vitro analysis showed that the interaction occurs through the NOT box domain of Cnot3. Mass spectrometry analysis of Cnot3 interactors, performed on nuclear extracts from B cells in the early G1 and G2 phases of the cell cycle, identified interactions with many factors that are known to have roles in transcription regulation and RNA processing. Interaction of Cnot3 with Histone H1 was confirmed using a peptide binding assay, suggesting a potential role in chromatin organization. Cnot3 was also shown to interact with Xrn2, a 5’-3’ exoribonuclease that is involved in RNA turnover and termination of transcription. ChIP analysis demonstrated promoter binding of Cnot3 at a number of cell cycle stages. Cnot3 shows cell cycle dependent binding to promoters of a wide range of active genes, including promoters that are not directly involved in cell cycle regulation. Genome wide analysis using ChIP sequencing revealed changes in the binding profiles of Cnot3 at promoters and enhancers during cell cycle progression. A Cnot3 conditional knock out mouse has been generated, which will be used to test the functional importance of these observations.
CCWI2017: F85 'A THEORY FOR REALISTIC MODELLING OF LEAKAGE AND INTRUSION FLOWS THROUGH LEAK OPENINGS IN PIPES'
Creators: name: Collins, Richard
name: JE, Van Zyl
name: A, Lambert
Publisher: name: The University of Sheffield
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 90599 Civil Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: The hydraulics of leakage and intrusion flows through leak openings in pipes is complicated by variations in the leak areas due to changes in pressure. This study presents a theoretical framework for the analysis of both leakage and intrusion flows through real leaks in pipes. A linear area- pressure relationship is assumed. The leakage exponent of a given leak opening is shown to generally not be constant with variations in pressure, and to approach infinity when the leakage number approaches a value of minus one. Significant modelling errors may result if an exponent used in the power equation used beyond its calibration pressure range, or at high exponent values.
Predicting disease recurrence in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Creators: name: Gall, Tamara
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: Pancreatic cancer (pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, PDAC) is one of the most lethal tumour types worldwide. The majority of patients present late with locally advanced or metastatic disease. Therefore, despite advances in operative techniques, perioperative management and oncological treatments, the overall 5-year survival remains <5%. The reason for poor survival is due to disease recurrence even after curative surgical resection for small tumours. Determining factors that lead to disease recurrence may help in identifying those with a poor prognosis so that treatment options can be tailored to each patient. We investigated whether operative technique, clinicopathological factors or specific genetic mutations could influence disease recurrence. Further, we sought to identify a biomarker in the peripheral circulation that could be used as a prognostic marker. We confirmed that a positive medial resection margin and a high frequency of KRAS mutation in the tumour tissue result in early disease recurrence. Further, that the altered expression of five microRNAs may be useful as a blood-based prognostic predictor.
Additional file 1 of Administration route governs the therapeutic efficacy, biodistribution and macrophage targeting of anti-inflammatory nanoparticles in the lung
Creators: name: Wang, Lu
name: Rao, Yafei
name: Liu, Xiali
name: Sun, Liya
name: Gong, Jiameng
name: Zhang, Huasheng
name: Shen, Lei
name: Bao, Aihua
name: Yang, Hong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file1: Figure S1. The biodistribution of PEGylated-GNPs in the lung, liver and spleen in healthy mice through i.t. instillation at 24 h post administration. N = 5 mice per group, ns: not significant. Figure S2. In vivo distribution of P12 in different organs at 4 h and 24 h after P12 treatment (i.t.). The amount of gold in the main organs was quantified by ICP-MS. N ≥ 3 mice per group. Figure S3. In vivo distribution of P12 in different organs after LPS pre-treatment for 2 h. The organs were collected 4 h after P12 treatment. The amount of gold in the main organs was quantified by ICP-MS. N = 5 mice per group.
Incorporation of expert beliefs in the two-parameter bayesian logistic dose response model
Creators: name: Kinnersley, Nelson Maxwell
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: Logistic regression models are often proposed to describe dose-response relationships in dose-escalation clinical trials to determine the maximum tolerated dose. In a Bayesian setting, the 1-parameter continual reassessment method and the 2-parameter escalation with overdose control designs have been implemented assuming acceptable tolerability thresholds of between 20% and 35%. The literature is sparse on the operating characteristics of 2-parameter Bayesian logistic regression models (BLRM) when sample sizes are small (i.e. <50); response rates <20% or >35% are of interest; and expert beliefs are available for incorporating into prior distributions for model parameters. Motivated by a case study of a new infertility treatment, this thesis describes the operating characteristics of the 2-parameter BLRM in a dose-escalation setting, with small sample sizes, and applied to response rates consistent with both safety and efficacy endpoints i.e. 10% to 90%. When information external to the trial is available from expert beliefs, ways in which those beliefs may be elicited in a structured manner are evaluated. Simulation is used to assess the impact of these prior distributions on trial conclusions. I have demonstrated that elicitation can be performed in a structured manner in both academic and industry settings and I provide specific recommendations for the structured planning and execution of elicitation sessions. Simulations show that there is no single set of priors that always produce unbiased estimates with minimum variance across a range of target response rates, so simulations specific to the planned trial must be conducted. Furthermore, when only discrete doses are available, simulations show that choosing the available dose closest to that recommended by the model is more likely to lead to an unbiased estimate of the dose that attains a pre-specified response rate. Recommendations are provided for how to improve the study design and analysis for the motivating case study.
The effects of the quality of primary care on diabetes outcomes
Creators: name: Gibbons, Daniel Chester
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: Background Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition primarily characterised by elevated levels of plasma glucose due to a lack of insulin. Diabetes is a risk factor for a number of acute and chronic complications and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, the risks and impact of which may be modifiable through high-quality primary care. This thesis examines the relationship between the quality of primary care and emergency admissions, readmissions and mortality. Methodology Associations between primary care quality and clinical outcomes for people with diabetes were assessed at the practice and patient level. Practice-level analyses, utilising Quality and Outcomes Framework (QOF) and Hospital Episodes Statistics (HES) data, modelled the impact of practice achievement of thematically-grouped QOF indicators on standardised emergency admission rates, controlling for characteristics of the practice, the socioeconomic environment and the patient population. Patient-level analyses utilised a Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD-HES) dataset linking primary care activity with hospitalisations. Modelling examined associations between QOF target-based indicators and National Diabetes Audit (NDA) care processes and rates of emergency admissions, readmissions and the odds of death. Results In practice-level analyses, QOF indicators pertaining to processes of care and availability of appointments were most consistently associated with reduced emergency admission rates. For patient-level analyses, a number of NDA processes were consistently associated with reduced emergency admission and readmission rates and reduced odds of death across follow-up periods ranging from one to five years. Associations with QOF targets were less consistent. Across all practice- and patient-level analyses, deprivation was strongly associated with changes in admission rates and odds of death. Conclusions High-quality primary care has the potential to meaningfully improve outcomes for people with diabetes; the effects of socio-economic deprivation remain sizeable even after adjustment for primary care quality.
CCWI2017: F21 'Influence of pressure, temperature and humidity on water consumption'
Creators: name: Suchacek, Tomas
name: Tuhovcak, Ladislav
name: Rucka, Jan
Publisher: name: The University of Sheffield
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 90599 Civil Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: The article deals with the optimization of pressure conditions in public water supply systems. By reducing the pressure in the water supply system, the reduce of the direct losses of water from the supply system will be reliably achieved, on the other hand there is also a slight decrease in water consumption in the connected properties. Consumption is possible to divide into two parts that are pressure and non-pressure dependent consumption. The quantification of the impact of a pressure reduction in the water supply system is not trivial. In order to achieve the optimal pressure conditions in the water supply system, it is necessary to consider what pressure should be achieved in the outcome so as to achieve an economic optimum while maintaining the basic limiting conditions, i.e. the adherence to the required pressure conditions in the water supply system at the connection point. These tasks are typically solved using simulation software tools, e.g. on the basis of EPANET. However, there is still a lack of much relevant information to enter into this analysis and subsequent decision making. Within the present study, a long-term experiment was carried out, where a very precise measurement of pressures and flows in the internal water supply of the administrative building was carried out. Different water pressures were set at the inlet point of the internal water supply of the building at fourteen-day time intervals, and the volumes of consumed water were measured at the same time. The obtained data were statistically evaluated. The dependency between the decrease respectively the increase of the pressure in the internal water supply and the water consumption was monitored. The article offers very interesting results.
Pricing Perishables: Robust Price Assurance
Creators: name: Weaver, Robert D.
name: Moon, Yongma D.
Publisher: name: International Journal on Food System Dynamics
Year: 2020
Subjects: Dynamic pricing; price assurance; perishables; product differentiation; strategic consumers; revenue maximization; robust optimization

description: As perishable products are worthless at end-of-life, for a given supply prices are often dynamically adjusted to ensure inventory is exhausted at end-of-life. When consumers expect such price reductions, they may strategically time their purchases. These two conditions pose a complex problem for pricing. Given inventory, cost of production is sunk. Thus, the dynamic path for prices must be set to maximize revenues with an eye on inventory take-down as well as to discourage strategic behavior. This problem is further challenged when prices and the extent of consumer strategic behavior are uncertain. This paper presents an approach for pricing a set of perishable products that are highly substitutable, yet differentiated to target a set of consumer segments. We propose and analyze a price assurance scheme as a solution to the strategic behavior of consumers and price uncertainty. We present and evaluate our price assurance approach by comparing two price assurance schemes: i) ex-post price assurance, and ii) ex-ante price assurance to risk neutral dynamic pricing without regard for consumer strategic behavior. These approaches have not to our knowledge been previously considered in our setting of perishables, uncertain consumer strategic behavior, and price uncertainty. Our numerical experiments show that our robust optimization model prevents loss when a firm encounters the worst-case demand and outperforms a risk neutral pricing model. Comparison across our different pricing schemes provides conditions under which particular schemes may dominate others.
description: International Journal on Food System Dynamics, Vol 11, No 1 (2020)
CCWI2017: F3 'Exploring How Pipe-Level Energy Metrics Relate to Hydraulic Parameters Using Multivariate Analysis'
Creators: name: Hashemi, Saeed
name: Filion, Yves R.
name: Speight, Vanessa
Publisher: name: The University of Sheffield
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 90599 Civil Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: PCA in this study builds upon a correlation matrix of 11 hydraulic parameters including pipe hydraulic data and pipe-level energy metrics by using Eigen values and Eigen vectors to compress the high- dimensional space of the data into a two-dimensional space. This makes the visualization of the data possible, including all hydraulic parameters simultaneously. The graphical presentation of the hydraulic parameters (mono-plots) and the data set (bi-plots) help which parameters can lead into inefficiency in pipes in the whole dataset. The results show that the metric energy lost to friction in a pipe along with average unit headloss, average flow rate and proximity to major components have a high influence in distinguishing poorly performing pipes from the others. Average pressure and the metric for energy needed by the user for each pipe tend to track closely, despite a lower statistical importance than previous parameters. Diameter and pipe roughness tend to stand alone with poor representations on the two principal component axes.
CCWI2017: F65 'A COMPARISON OF SHORT-TERM WATER DEMAND FORECASTING MODELS'
Creators: name: E. Pacchin
name: F. Gagliardi
name: S. Alvisi
name: M. Franchini
Publisher: name: The University of Sheffield
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 90599 Civil Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: In this paper a comparison among six short-term water demand forecasting models is presented. The models differ in terms of forecasting technique, type of prevision (deterministic or probabilistic) and data requirement for calibration. In particular, the compared models are: an Artificial Neural Network based model, a model based on periodic patterns, both requiring a calibration over a year of historically observed water demands, two models that take into account the periodic behaviours using observed data only on a restricted time window preceding the time of forecast, a probabilistic model based on Markov chain and a Naïve model. All the models are evaluated applying them to seven real-life case studies, consisting in two-year time series of hourly water demands observed in districts/networks with a number of users variable from 120000 to 300. The comparison shows that all the models provide similar and medium-high forecasting accuracy for each case study but the models based on the moving-window technique are more robust and their performances do not worse moving from the calibration to the validation period as for all the other models considered.
Using GPCRs as molecular beacons to target ovarian cancer with nanomedicines
Creators: name: Khetan, Riya
name: Dharmayanti, Cintya
name: Gillam, Todd A.
name: Kübler, Eric
name: Klingler-Hoffmann, Manuela
name: Ricciardelli, Carmela
name: Oehler, Martin K.
name: Blencowe, Anton
name: Garg, Sanjay
name: Albrecht, Hugo
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: GPCR
subject: Ovarian cancer
subject: Chemoresistance
subject: Chemotherapy
subject: 600 - Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften

description: The five-year survival rate for women with ovarian cancer is very poor despite radical cytoreductive surgery and chemotherapy. Although most patients initially respond to platinum-based chemotherapy, the majority experience recurrence and ultimately develop chemoresistance, resulting in fatal outcomes. The current administration of cytotoxic compounds is hampered by dose-limiting severe adverse effects. There is an unmet clinical need for targeted drug delivery systems that transport chemotherapeutics selectively to tumor cells while minimizing off-target toxicity. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest family of membrane receptors, and many are overexpressed in solid tumors, including ovarian cancer. This review summarizes the progress in engineered nanoparticle research for drug delivery for ovarian cancer and discusses the potential use of GPCRs as molecular entry points to deliver anti-cancer compounds into ovarian cancer cells. A newly emerging treatment paradigm could be the personalized design of nanomedicines on a case-by-case basis.
Additional file 1 of FK228 sensitizes radioresistant small cell lung cancer cells to radiation
Creators: name: Li, Hong
name: Ma, Liying
name: Bian, Xing
name: Lv, Yang
name: Lin, Wenchu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biophysics
Molecular Biology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology
Cancer
Hematology

description: Additional file 1. Western blot analysis of phospho-proteins downstream of PI3K signaling in SCLC cell lines after FK228 for 24 h.
An evaluation of emerging technologies in ENT - virtual reality simulation & robotic surgery
Creators: name: Arora, Asit
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: Virtual reality (VR) simulation and robotic surgery represent two focus areas for research and development in Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery. This thesis was driven by a desire to deliver improvements in surgical training and patient care. The development and long-term prospective clinical evaluation of three novel robotic applications in Head & Neck surgery were investigated. The results suggest that robotic assisted thyroidectomy and robotic assisted parathyroidectomy are safe, feasible alternatives to conventional surgery. The primary advantage is the avoidance of a neck scar. The approach occupies a niche role that is justified in patients who have cultural or biological drivers to avoid a neck scar. Improvement in surgical exposure was necessary. A novel soft-tissue retractor was designed and manufactured to address this issue. Transoral robotic surgery represents a promising treatment option for patients with obstructive sleep apnoea who cannot tolerate or fail all the other treatment modalities. Biometric measures represent an important tool when assessing patient suitability for TORS. Only those who have undergone appropriate training, proctoring and licensure should perform robotic surgery. Safe implementation is essential. The studies of VR temporal bone simulation served as a preparatory to introducing VR simulation for robotic head and neck surgery. The face, content and construct validation of a novel temporal bone simulator was demonstrated. Further studies were conducted to benchmark and pilot a VR skills curriculum and assess the role of case specific surgical rehearsal. Simulation training represented a useful adjunct. This body work demonstrates that both technologies can be integrated to deliver effective robotic surgical training to enhance surgical performance and improve patient care.
Den Unterricht so untersuchen, dass sich unmittelbar Erfolg einstellt
Creators: name: Beywl, Wolfgang
name: Pirani, Kathrin
Publisher: name: Verein Schweizerischer Gymnasiallehrerinnen und Gymnasiallehrer
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Selbstevaluation Unterrichtsentwicklung
subject: 370 - Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen

description: Die zentralen Elemente des integrierten Unterrichts- und Untersuchungsansatzes Luuise werden vorgestellt und sein Forschungshintergrund wird skizziert. Das Weiterbildungsangebot, wie Lehrpersonen am Arbeitsplatz die für Luise-Projekte erforderliche Kompetenz auf- bzw. ausbauen können wird vorgestellt. Es wird über erste Ergebnisse der Begleitforschung berichtet.
Ephrin-B2 is a glioblastoma oncogene that drives perivascular invasion and proliferation
Creators: name: Krusche, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) are the most aggressive and devastating tumours of the brain and are essentially incurable. They are defined by diffuse invasion of the surrounding brain parenchyma along preexisting structures like the vasculature. Glioma stem cells (GSC) are thought to be largely responsible for tumour recurrence following treatment due to their high resistance to therapy, their ability to recapitulate tumours from single cells and their marked invasive potential. Here we show, that normal neural stem cell in the subventricular zone are compartmentalised by endothelial ephrinB2 and their proliferation limited through activation of p53 in an Eph signalling dependent manner. GSCs however evade both compartmentalisation and proliferation inhibition and are able to invade perivascularly. Intravital imaging, coupled with mechanistic studies in vitro revealed that upregulation of ephrinB2 in highly aggressive, mesenchymal GSCs enables escape from endothelial compartmentalisation through homotypic forward signalling. Surprisingly we also find that that ephrinB2 reverse signalling promotes tumourigenesis by mediating anchorage-independent cytokinesis through activation of RhoA. In preclinical models using human GSCs we show, that inhibition of ephrinB2 by RNA silencing or with ephrinB2-blocking antibodies strongly suppresses tumourigenesis of established glioblastoma by inducing cell-cycle arrest and blocking GBM/vascular interactions. Thus, ephrinB2 is an oncogene and represents an attractive candidate for anti-GBM therapies aimed at eradicating the GSC compartment by targeting both glioma invasion and proliferation.
Munger, Michael C. (2018). Tomorrow 3.0. Transaction Costs and the Sharing Economy
Creators: name: Mueller, Rolf A.E.
Publisher: name: International Journal on Food System Dynamics
Year: 2020

description: In the mid-1950s Erich Geiersberger, a journalist of the Bavarian rural radio, pioneered machinery rings. He had noticed that many family farms in Germany had over-invested in farm machinery compared to farms of similar size in France and in the Netherlands. This, Geiersberger worried, would threaten their competitiveness in the coming European Economic Community. Geiersberger suggested 'machine rings' as a solution to this predicament. Michael Munger, a professor of economics at Duke University in Durham, NC, USA, is probably totally unaware of machinery rings; they are certainly not mentioned in his book. Like Geiersberger, Munger is concerned with institutions that improve the utilization of durable goods. Yet, whereas Geiersberger acted as an organization designer and builder, Munger is a keen economic observer of changes in the organization of markets, changes which he expects to become revolutionary.
description: International Journal on Food System Dynamics, Vol 11, No 1 (2020)
Neuroinflammation and psychosis; antipsychotic medication.
Creators: name: Bloomfield, Peter S
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: Neuroinflammation is an early feature of a number of nervous system disorders. Inflammation in the brain is primarily mediated via microglial cells, which are active components of circuit development in the central nervous system. Schizophrenia is a psychiatric illness with deficits in perceptual, cognitive and emotional function. Prior to the onset of psychosis, there is a period of attenuated psychotic symptoms, where individuals experience sub threshold features of psychosis. This ‘ultra high risk’ period can provide unique opportunities to investigate the development of psychosis. It has been demonstrated through translocator protein (TSPO) positron emission tomographic (PET) imaging that microglial activity is elevated in chronic schizophrenia, however it is unknown whether this elevation is present prior to the onset of psychosis. It is also uncertain what effect antipsychotic medication has on microglia in vivo. This thesis is divided between clinical and animal investigation, the results can be split into four findings; Firstly we demonstrate that there is a higher binding of [11C]PBR28 (a novel TSPO PET ligand) in ultra high risk subjects and patients with schizophrenia compared to healthy controls. Symptoms in the ultra high risk subjects also correlate with the level of ligand binding. Secondly, brain volumes are not correlated with [11C]PBR28 binding or inflammatory cytokine levels in peripheral blood samples. The third finding of this thesis is that antipsychotic drug administration does not appear to alter cortical microglial cells in naïve and systemically inflamed animals. The final finding is that brain volume is reduced by antipsychotic medication. Together these findings demonstrate that inflammation is present in subjects experiencing subthreshold psychotic symptoms. The animal experiments suggest medicated patients would not be expected to have higher levels of microglial activity than their un-medicated counterparts. Further investigation is needed to determine the mechanism of cortical volume changes after medication and how this relates to TSPO.
Verständliche Aufbereitung konkreter Umsetzungsbeispiele zur betrieblichen Gesundheitsförderung: Umsetzungsbeispiele als Lehrvideos
Creators: name: Iff, Tanja
Publisher: name: Fachhochschule Nordwestschweiz FHNW
Year: 2017

description: Umsetzungsbeispiele zur betrieblichen Gesundheitsförderung von Unternehmen können zeigen, wie Massnahmen erfolgreich implementiert werden. Doch wie müssen Umsetzungsbeispiele aufbereitet sein, damit sich ein möglichst grosser Lerneffekt zeigt und auch andere Unternehmen davon profitieren können? Zur Beantwortung dieser Fragestellung wurde in vorliegender Masterarbeit zu Beginn ein Leitfaden zur Erhebung von Umsetzungsbeispielen erarbeitet. Zudem wurden strukturelle, inhaltliche und multimediale Aspekte für eine erfolgreiche Erstellung von Lehrvideos abgeleitet. Durch Interviews sind die Beispiele in einem Industrieunternehmen erhoben und anschliessend in Video- und Textformat aufbereitet worden. Um den Mehrwert der Umsetzungsbeispiele zu überprüfen, wurden zwei Teilstudien durchgeführt; Einerseits eine Befragung bei Psychologiestudierenden und andererseits eine öffentliche Online-Umfrage. Die Videos wurden von den Probanden bezüglich Zufriedenheit, Wissenszuwachs und Lerntransfer gut bewertet und als Aufbereitungsart bevorzugt. Potential für die Optimierung der Videos ist jedoch vorhanden und wird durch mögliche Gestaltungsmassnahmen erläutert.
Pedagogies in the Visual Domain: Visualising Authorship
Creators: name: Rourke, Arianne
name: Rees, Vaughan D
name: Snepvangers, Kim
Publisher: name: UNSW Sydney
Year: 2018

description: This paper anticipates the launch of an inaugural “Curated Series” within the Common Ground Research Network: Transformative Pedagogies in the Visual Domain and contains eight books with visual propositions for learning driving innovation and a substantial Community of Practice. The series statistics required a visually intelligent way to see the big data implications of this new publication comprising: 2 Series Curators, 18 Editors, 163 Authors, 21 Countries and 98 Educational Institution. The series is a salient example of internationally inclusive mentoring across countries and institutions. The Series Curators and a co-editor will present this global contribution of so many authors and editors, through data visualisation. The curators, editors and authors geographical location and associated institutions offered the opportunity to present visually the numerical and locality data generated by the authorship of this book series. Graphic designers working with the Series’ Curators, visually mapped the global reach and the critical mass of the authorship. A graphic language of colour saturation and intensity, organic and mechanical shapes, structuring and focusing lines and the relationship between these elements (influenced by Russian artist Wassily Kandinsky 1866-1944, 1923 painting, Circles in a Circle) present the visual overview and acts as a basis for the various coloured and cropped versions that are printed on the covers of the eight books. Visualisation is the premise underlying the series and so the significance of the cover design and related design identities is that it seeks to overcome barriers to connectivity and the complex nature of collaboration.
description: Artificial Images and Visual Intelligence: Seeing in the Age of Big-Data, The Ninth International Conference on The Image; Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR; 2018-11-03 - 2018-11-04
Statistical analysis of ‘–omics’ data: developments and applications
Creators: name: Campanella, Gianluca
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: In recent years, increasingly efficient molecular biology techniques created new opportunities to harness large-scale repositories of biological material collected in epidemiological studies; however, methods to manipulate and analyse the wealth of information thus generated have lagged behind. The introductory chapter of this thesis presents the multifaceted field of ‘computational epidemiology’ from the perspectives of molecular biology, measurement theory, and statistical modelling. Focusing on measurement of DNA methylation levels, the author also reviews the state of the art, proposes novel pre-processing methods and evaluation frameworks, and provides recommendations for genome-wide studies of DNA methylation levels using Illumina Infinium® HumanMethylation450 BeadChips. The remaining chapters, in the form of three self-contained scientific articles, cover applications on the following topics: (i) DNA methylation differences associated with internal migration patterns within Italy; (ii) associations of DNA methylation profiles with adiposity measures, targeted gene expression, biomarkers of lipid and glucose metabolism, and risk of developing three obesity-associated diseases; (iii) associations of a dietary score with blood pressure, and with urinary metabolites as characterised by NMR spectroscopy. The thesis is concluded with general remarks and the presentation of some open problems that offer potential for future research.
CCWi2017: F100 'Pressure: Leak Flow Rates Using FAVAD: An Improved Fast-Track Practitioner’s Approach'
Creators: name: Lambert, Allan
name: Fantozzi, Marco
name: Shepherd, Mark
Publisher: name: The University of Sheffield
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 90599 Civil Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: The FAVAD concept, for realistic modelling of leakage and intrusion flows through leak openings in pipes in water supply systems, allows for variations in the area of leaks resulting from changes in pressure. The hydraulic theory and equations recently published by van Zyl et al are clearly appropriate for detailed application and understanding of laboratory tests on pipe samples. However, if the concept is to be widely applied to improve the reliability of current methods for assessing hourly, daily and annual leakage in thousands of distribution zones, many having complex pressure management, fast-track approaches for practitioners based on the full FAVAD concept are needed. The paper describes several such fast-track approaches which should improve the reliability of current methods of assessing leakage from night flows in distribution Zones, and expand their application to low pressure and intermittent supply systems with customer storage tanks
The development of a validated preoperative staging system for rectal cancer using MRI
Creators: name: Taylor, Fiona
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: Rectal cancer is a common and complex form of colorectal malignancy which is the second largest cause of cancer death in the United Kingdom. The need for an accurate method of staging as a guide to selecting treatment has become increasingly important with the recent advances in options for preoperative therapy. It is now clearly understood that there are a number of prognostic features that can predict a poor outlook. These include; local tumour extent, involved circumferential resection margin, involved lymph nodes and extramural venous invasion. Traditionally these factors have been noted on histopathology of the resected specimen by which time the opportunity to institute preoperative therapy has been lost. Identification of these factors prior to surgery would be of paramount importance in potentially improving the outcome for these selected patients. MRI has now been shown to be proficient at identifying many of these features. The MERCURY study (Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Rectal Cancer European Equivalence Study) recruited 679 patients from 11 different centres, prior to surgery (in 2002-2003) and was able to demonstrate the ability of MRI to predict margin involvement and local extent of tumour invasion. Data has been collected on the 5 year outcome of 374 patients consenting to follow up in the MERCURY study. This thesis explores the relationship of the distance to the circumferential resection margin, the prognostic significance of predicted involvement of the margin and the ability of MRI to identify patients with early tumours, good prognosis tumours and those with poor prognostic features. The aim is to investigate the significance of these factors in predicting the long term outcome of these patients.
CCWI2017: F77 'Model Calibration for Leak Localization, a Real Application'
Creators: name: Sanz, Gerard
name: Meseguer, Jordi
name: Pérez, Ramon
Publisher: name: The University of Sheffield
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 90599 Civil Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: The localization of leaks in Water Distribution Networks has a major relevance in terms of environmental and economic efficiency. This localization is generally carried on in situ by human operators using time consuming methods like acoustic loggers. Nevertheless, the automated aid provided to the operators is continuously increasing thanks to the exhaustive use of models. Models that have to be calibrated and updated in order to provide proper help and an improvement in the leak search. This paper presents an experience of leak localization using steady state models combined with a demand calibration algorithm. The calibration produces a notable improvement of the localization accuracy and signals changes in the network configuration. Results presented are based on real data and a real leak provoked for the test.
CCWI2017: F126 'Probabilistic Modelling of Transient Propagation in Water Distribution Systems'
Creators: name: Collins, Richard
Publisher: name: The University of Sheffield
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 90599 Civil Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: It is known that large hydraulic transients have the potential to cause significant damage to pipeline systems. In addition, the repeated application of these transient pressures has been hypothesised as a potential cause of fatigue failure in WDS. It has also been shown that transients can have impacts on water quality, either through contaminant ingress or by sloughing off biofilms. System operators and managers often ignore transient effects as they underestimate their severity and believe that the character of complex systems reduces their impact. However, literature suggests that the opposite may sometimes be true. The current state of WDS is largely unknown, due to their huge spatial extent and to the large part they are buried. This means that the task of accurately modelling their hydraulic behaviour is extremely difficult, even more so with the increased information requirements for an accurate dynamic model. Uncertainty represents such variability in data and is ubiquitous because of our incomplete knowledge of either the underlying physics or inevitable measurement errors. Hence in order to fully understand any simulation results, and to subsequently get the best representation of the true reality of the system, it is imperative to incorporate uncertainty from the beginning of the simulations, and not as an afterthought. This paper explores the development of a robust modelling methodology to probabilistically predict the propagation of hydraulic transients in a water distribution system.
Social network sites as a means to collect health behaviour data for young people; a comparative-descriptive cross sectional study
Creators: name: Alshaikh, Fahdah
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: This thesis is original in the sense that it examines a relatively new method of collecting data using Social Network Sites, and explores the feasibility of this method for survey research providing valuable data regarding health behaviours among young Saudis. Aims: The primary aim of this study is to assess the feasibility of Social Network Sites (SNS) as a mode of collecting data for health behavioural surveys by comparing data collected from an SNS-based questionnaire with data collected from a traditional paper questionnaire using the same variables. It also aims to provide descriptive information about health behaviours among young people in Saudi Arabia. Methods: The study demonstrated the Young Risky Behaviour Survey “YRBS” questionnaire cross-sectionaly by two modes for different participants groups. Each mode of participant’s recruitment is considered as a sub-study. The first one is the “offline study” where participants were recruited randomly from schools and universities in Saudi Arabia. The second sub-study is the “Online study” where participants were recruited using Facebook fan page and Facebook ads. Results from both sub-studies were analysed and compared in order to answer the research questions. Results: The main results of reported risky health behaviours indicated that 15% of participants are current smokers, 41% drank fizzy drinks (4-6 times a week) and 94% did not meet the recommended level of physical activity. Comparison between SNS and PAP indicated that SNS is an effective tool for collecting health behaviour data and yielded sufficient sample size with a wider geographical reach. Moreover, mode effect on reporting risky behaviours was only significant in 8 out of 25 risky behaviours. Conclusion: Comparisons between the approaches suggest few notable differences, and both methods have produced similar figures regarding health behaviours. Though the limitations of both methods are also discussed in this thesis, the results support the argument that SNS can be a very useful tool leading to representable data.
CCWI2017: F93 'Investigating a spatially constrained geostatistical technique for approximate leak/burst event location'
Creators: name: Boatwright, Shaun
name: Romano, Michele
name: Mounce, Stephen
name: Woodward, Kevin
name: Boxall, Joseph
Publisher: name: The University of Sheffield
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 90599 Civil Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: Responding quickly to leaks and bursts in water distribution systems can provide a number of benefits to water companies. Therefore, methods which allow a water company to determine the approximate location of leaks and bursts in a timely manner are desirable. This paper presents 10 examples of a spatially constrained inverse-distance weighted interpolation technique for determining the approximate location of a new leak or burst which has been tested using pressure data collected during a number of bursts simulated by opening fire hydrants in a real water distribution system. The results of the examples indicate that the SCIDW technique can reduce the proportion of the DMA which needs to be searched but that there are a number of factors, which have been identified as a result of these examples, which affect the leak/burst localisation performance which are not currently accounted for by the methodology.