Dasyscyphus silvicola SVRCEK
Creators: name: Šandová, Markéta
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Leotiomycetes
Helotiales
Hyaloscyphaceae
Dasyscyphus
Dasyscyphus silvicola

description: Dasyscyphus silvicola SVRČEK,   
Česká Mykol. 31(3): 133, 1977.  
Pl. 3, Figs 1–21.  
D e s c r i p t i o n. Dried apothecia 0.07–0.26 mm in diam., short-stalked, hairy, white. Rehydrated apothecium whitish to hyaline with hyaline stalk, 0.32 mm in diam., 0.19 mm high, stalk 0.09 mm long, 0.05–0.07 mm wide, purplish date to date brown at its basis. Ectal excipulum hyaline, thin (the entire excipulum is only 12–22 µm thick in the studied, mature apothecium), composed of prismatic cells except for one row at the surface which is composed of ± isodiametric or isodiametric cells; prismatic cells 9–10 × 4 µm, isodiametric cells 4–9 × 4.5–8 µm. Hairs cylindrical, rarely subclavate, 17–32 µm long, 2.8–4.6 µm wide, 2–3-septate, hyaline, sparsely warted, in lower part (0–2/3) frequently smooth. Hairs of another apothecium clavate, subclavate or less frequently cylindrical, 9–19.5 µm long, 3.7–4.2 µm wide, (0–)1–2-septate, hyaline, with scattered warts, in lower part (up to 2/3) often smooth. Asci 21.5–30.5 × 3.5–5.3 µm, arising from simple septa, ascus pore in MLZ: no reaction, KOH/MLZ: blue, IKI: red, KOH/IKI: blue. Ascospores 6.4–9 × 1.5–1.8 µm, non-septate, OCI = 1. Paraphyses filiform, 1.6–1.8 µm wide, or narrowly lanceolate to lanceolate, 2.3–3.9 µm wide, exceeding the asci by 0–7.5 µm.  
 S p e c i m e n s t u d i e d: the Czech Republic, Southern Bohemia, Šumava Mts., Zátoň near Lenora, Boubínský prales virgin forest, on Dryopteris austriaca ssp. dilatata, 22. V. 1976, leg. M. Svrček et J. Kubička, PRM 802658 (holotype).   
 D i s c u s s i o n. According to the overall set of characters (tiny apothecia, frequent absence of warts on lower parts of hairs, shape of asci, etc.), D. silvicola is not considered here as a member of Lachnum but as belonging in the Hyaloscyphaceae. It seems to be very similar to Cistella grumosa SENN-IRLET et AEBERHARDT (Raitviir 2004, Baral et al. 2005), but D. silvicola differs in up to 3-septate hairs being narrower at the apex, in shorter asci and longer and narrower ascospores. According to Raitviir (2004), paraphyses of Cistella grumosa are cylindric to narrowly lanceolate and 2– 4 µm wide while Baral et al. (2005) state that the paraphyses of C. grumosa are consistently cylindrical. In the studied material of D. silvicola, the lanceolate paraphyses described and illustrated by Svrček (1977a), were partly present. Dasyscyphus pteridialis GRADDON is also very similar in character but, according to Graddon’s (1977) description, the apothecia are gregarious with ochraceous discs and the ascospores finally 1-septate, longer than in D. silvicola and C. grumosa. All the three species are reported to have a broadened dark brown base on the stalk (Graddon 1977, Baral et al. 2005, this study: Pl. 3, Figs 1–4, 16, 18). In Cistella, the warts on the hairs remain permanent in microscopy reagents according to Raitviir (2004), and they can also be observed in plates by Quijada et al. (2015). Thus, D. silvicola seems not to belong to the genus Cistella. Brown hyphae on the surface of the stalk base are present in some species of the genus Ciliolarina (Svrček 1977b, Raitviir 2004). In D. silvicola, however, the character of the stalk-base is probably different from Ciliolarina. According to Stip Helleman’s opinion (pers. comm.), D. silvicola would better be placed in Psilachnum; he also would consider the warts on hairs as an exudate. It seems to be close to Psilachnum chrysostigmum, but differs in the presence of the exudate, in asci arising from simple septa, no reaction of ascus pore in MLZ (dexcribed also by Svrček in the protologue), and partly lanceolate paraphyses when compared with description of P. chrysostigmum by Hosoya and Otani (1997).
description: Published as part of Šandová, Markéta, 2015, Type Studies Of Several Species Of Lachnaceae (Ascomycota, Helotiales), pp. 399-412 in Acta Musei Nationalis Pragae Series B 71 (3 - 4) on page 401, DOI: 10.14446/AMNP.2015.399, http://zenodo.org/record/13183562