Chlaenioctenus Bates 1892
Creators: name: Liu, Ye
name: Liang, Hongbin
name: Kavanaugh, David H.
name: Yang, Maofa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Chlaenioctenus

description: Subgenus Chlaenioctenus Bates, 1892
Chlaenioctenus Bates, 1892: 309; Kirschenhofer, 2003: 48; Kirschenhofer, 2008: 11
Type species. Chlaenioctenus pectinipes Bates, 1892, designated by Basilewsky & Grundmann, 1954
Description. Body long-oval, length 13.5 to 16.0 mm, width 5.0 to 6.0 mm. Black with metallic lustre, elytra with two round yellow spots (Figs. 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 14). Head moderately large, vertex more or less punctate (Figs. 20–25); eyes large and prominent; antennae long, antennomeres 1–3 sparsely pubescent, antennomeres 4–11 densely pubescent, antennomere 1 distinctly cylindrical, antennomere 3 elongated, slightly shorter than antennomeres 1 and 2 combined, longer than antennomere 4; clypeus and labrum emarginate at apex; labrum with six setigerous punctures near apex; mandible triangle, faintly hooked at apex; palpi glabrous, apical labial palpomere moderately rhombic in male (Fig. 16), cylindrical and slightly compressed in female (Fig. 17); mentum tooth distinct, rounded at apex (Figs. 26–28); glossal sclerite with two subapical setae; gula glabrous. Pronotum ovoid (Figs. 29–34), truncated at apex and base, disk more or less punctate, pubescent or not, hind angle with one seta. Scutellum triangular, glabrous, with fine microsculptures. Elytra elongate, pubescent, apex of elytra more rounded in females than in males; intervals with distinct microsculpture; striae shallow, punctate; shoulders rounded. Hind wings reduced, brachypterous (Fig. 18). Proepisterna smooth or sparsely punctate. Prosternal process bordered, with short setae. Metaepisterna coarsely punctate, pubescent or not, with a longitudinal furrow near outer margin. Abdominal sterna pubescent, sterna 3 to 5 with a long seta on each side, sternum 6 with one seta on each side in male, two in female. Front femora with one tooth on inner margin in male (Fig. 19), without tooth in female; tarsi glabrous dorsally, pro-tarsi with basal three tarsomeres dilated in male; claws pectinate (Figs. 40–43).
Geographical distribution. India, Myanmar, Tailand, China. The collecting sites of Chlaenius (Chlaenioctenus) species are shown in Fig. 53. This subgenus is widely distributed in the South Asia; but the distributions of individual species are apparently restricted to very small areas. This is probably reflective of low dispersal ability due to reduced (non-functional) hindwings.
Biology. Adults of this species have been collected along roads at night and by use of pitfall traps. Although the hind wings are reduced and nonfunctional in all specimens examined, several specimens had been collected under lights at night. It is most likely that they walked or ran to the lights to feed on prey attracted to the lights.
Remarks. Based on the metallic body surface, single supraorbital seta, antennae with antennomere 3 longest and antennomeres 4–11 densely pubescent, Chlaenioctenus can be recognized easily as a member of genus Chlaenius. Adults of the subgenus are mostly similar to those of subgenera Lissauchenius and Ocybatus of genus Chlaenius in general body shape in having a round yellow spot on each elytron, but different from them and those of other subgenera in having pectinate claws, which are unique in the genus.
description: Published as part of Liu, Ye, Liang, Hongbin, Kavanaugh, David H. & Yang, Maofa, 2010, Key to species of the subgenus Chlaenioctenus (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Chlaeniini: Chlaenius), with description of two new species, pp. 15-28 in Zootaxa 2397 on pages 16-17, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.193988