cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Image reconstruction method for dual-isotope positron emission tomography
Creators: name: Fukuchi, Tomonori
name: Shigeta, Mika
name: Haba, Hiromitsu
name: Mori, Daiki
name: Yokokita, Takuya
name: Komori, Yukiko
name: Yamamoto, Seiichi
name: Watanabe, Yasuyoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We developed a positron emission tomography (PET) system for multiple-isotope imaging. Our PET system, named multiple-isotope PET (MI-PET), can distinguish between different tracer nuclides using coincidence measurement of prompt gamma-rays, which are emitted after positron emission. In MI-PET imaging with a pure positron emitter and prompt-gamma emitter, because of the imperfectness of prompt gamma-ray detection, an image for a pure positron emitter taken by MI-PET is superposed by a positron-γ emitter. Therefore, in order to make isolated images of the pure positron emitter, we developed image reconstruction methods based on data subtraction specific to MI-PET. We tested two methods, subtraction between reconstructed images and subtraction between sinogram data. In both methods, normalization for position dependence of the prompt γ-ray sensitivity is required in addition to detector sensitivity normalization. For these normalizations, we performed normalization scans using cylindrical phantoms of the positron-gamma emitters Sc-44m and Na-22. A long period measurement using the activity decay of Sc-44m (Half-life 58.6 hours) elucidated that the acquisition ratio between the prompt gamma-rays coincided with PET event and pure PET event changes on the basis of object activities. Therefore, we developed a correction method that involves subtraction parameters dependent on the activities, i.e., the counting rate. From analysis of dual-tracer phantom images, data subtraction in the sinogram data with sensitivity correction gives a higher quality of isolated images for the pure positron emitter than those from image subtractions. Furthermore, from dual-isotope (F-18-FDG and Sc-44m) mouse imaging, we concluded that our developed method can be used for practical imaging of a living organism.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures
EKOLOGIYA TUSHUNCHASINI JAMIYAT O'RTASIDA RIVOJLANTIRISH
Creators: name: Farg'ona davlat universiteti Ekologiya kafedrasi O'qituvchisi G.Maxsudova Talaba: Toʻxtasinov Dadaxamro Xabibullayeva Dilobarxon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Ekologiya tushunchasi bugungi kunda jamiyat o’rtasida keng yoyilishi va tushintirish ishlari olib borilishi kerak. Kishilik jamiyatida ekologik tushunchalar rivojlanishi uchun ko’proq ta’lim tizimiga nazar solish kerak.

Annotatsiya: Today, the concept of ecology should be widely spread among the society and clarification work should be carried out. For the development of ecological concepts in human society, it is necessary to look more into the education system.

Kalit so‘zlar: Jamiyat, ekologiya, antropomarkaz, Ekologik vaziyat, Ekologik bilimlar, Ekologik ta’lim, Ekologik tarbiya, tabiat insoniyat.

Key words: Society, ecology, anthropocenter, Ecological situation, Ecological knowledge, Ecological education, Ecological education, nature, humanity
The EEE Project
Creators: name: Antolini, R.
name: Ferroli, R. Baldini
name: Caporaloni, M.
name: Chiavassa, A.
name: Cifarelli, L.
name: Cindolo, F.
name: Coccia, E.
name: De Pasquale, S.
name: Garbini, M.
name: Gustavino, C.
name: Hatzifotiadou, D.
name: Imponente, G.
name: Menghetti, H.
name: Piragino, G.
name: Sartorelli, G.
name: Selvi, M.
name: Williams, C.
name: Zichichi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The new experiment ``Extreme Energy Events'' (EEE) to detect extensive air showers through muon detection is starting in Italy. The use of particle detectors based on Multigap Resistive Plate Chambers (MRPC) will allow to determine with a very high accuracy the direction of the axis of cosmic ray showers initiated by primaries of ultra-high energy, together with a high temporal resolution. The installation of many of such 'telescopes' in numerous High Schools scattered all over the Italian territory will also allow to investigate coincidences between multiple primaries producing distant showers. Here we present the experimental apparatus and its tasks.
description: 4 pages, 29th ICRC 2005, Pune, India
Visualization and analysis of microarray and gene ontology data with treemaps
Creators: name: Baehrecke, Eric H
name: Dang, Niem
name: Babaria, Ketan
name: Shneiderman, Ben
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2004
Subjects: Gene Ontology
Salivary Gland
Control Panel
Gene Node
Quantitative Attribute

description: The increasing complexity of genomic data presents several challenges for biologists. Limited computer monitor views of data complexity and the dynamic nature of data in the midst of discovery increase the challenge of integrating experimental results with information resources. The use of Gene Ontology enables researchers to summarize results of quantitative analyses in this framework, but the limitations of typical browser presentation restrict data access. Here we describe extensions to the treemap design to visualize and query genome data. Treemaps are a space-filling visualization technique for hierarchical structures that show attributes of leaf nodes by size and color-coding. Treemaps enable users to rapidly compare sizes of nodes and sub-trees, and we use Gene Ontology categories, levels of RNA, and other quantitative attributes of DNA microarray experiments as examples. Our implementation of treemaps, Treemap 4.0, allows user-defined filtering to focus on the data of greatest interest, and these queried files can be exported for secondary analyses. Links to model system web pages from Treemap 4.0 enable users access to details about specific genes without leaving the query platform. Treemaps allow users to view and query the data from an experiment on a single computer monitor screen. Treemap 4.0 can be used to visualize various genome data, and is particularly useful for revealing patterns and details within complex data sets.
NESTORE D6.4 NESTORE Components Integration
Creators: name: Candea Ciprian
name: Candea Gabriela
name: Staicu Marius
name: Zgripcea Claudiu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Social Platform, Monitoring system, DSS, virtual coach, Shared Component, end-user, API, Sensors, IOT, Platform, Cloud, Applications

description: One of the NESTORE project’s main goals is to create an ecosystem to give elderly people a coaching platform / system for guiding and optimizing their lifestyle. Since this ecosystem is mostly composed of ICT technologies, such as smartphone applications, social networks and games, the system integration plays a strategic role in the entire project.
 The presented report will list the components integrated, the methods used for integration and the communication between the NESTORE components.
title: РЕГИОНАЛЬНОЕ НЕРАВЕНСТВО НА РЫНКЕ ЖИЛОЙ НЕДВИЖИМОСТИ РОССИИ: ДИНАМИКА КЛЮЧЕВЫХ ИНДИКАТОРОВ
Creators: name: Басова, Елена
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2021

description: Улучшение жилищных условий является ключевой задачей государственной социально-экономической политики, направленной на повышение уровня и качества жизни граждан. В России проблема низкой обеспеченности жильем осложняется значительными межрегиональными различиями. Актуальность выявления динамики ключевых индикаторов жилищной сферы в межрегиональном разрезе обусловлена необходимостью разработки и реализации управленческих решений – на уровне федерации, субъектов федерации и муниципалитетов, –направленных на региональное выравнивание и повышение обеспеченности населения жильем, в целом. Представлены и оценены направленность и темпы динамики таких ключевых индикаторов национального и региональных рынков жилья как количество введенных жилых помещений в расчете на 1000 человек населения; число семей, состоящих на учете в качестве нуждающихся в жилых помещениях; удельный вес аварийного жилищного фонда в общей площади всего жилого фонда; средние цены на первичном и вторичном рынках жилья; коэффициент (классический и модифицированный) доступности жилья на первичном и вторичном рынках (2010-2018 гг.).
KICHIK BIZNES SUBEKTLARI VA ULARDA LIZING MUNOSABATLARI
Creators: name: Namangan viloyati, Namangan shaxar Namangan Muhandislik-Texnologiya Instituti Buxgalteriya hisobi va audit kafedrasi assistenti Buxgalteriya hisobi va audit fani o`qituvchisi Inomov Sardor Abdusalomovich
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Mazkur maqolada kichik biznes subektlarida lizing munosabatlari va kichik biznes subektlari haqida muhim ma’lumotlar berilgan. Shuningdek, lizing tushunchasi, uning tarixi va bugungi kunda biznes sohasidagi funksiyaviy o’rni haqida to’xtalib o’tilgan.

Kalit so’zlar: moliyaviy resurslar, motivatsion stimullar, tadbirkorlik faoliyati, investitsiya qilish, amortizatsiya, innovatsion tadbirkorlik.
Photoinduced dynamics of organic molecules using nonequilibrium Green's functions with second-Born, $GW$, $T$-matrix and three-particle ladder correlations
Creators: name: Pavlyukh, Yaroslav
name: Perfetto, Enrico
name: Stefanucci, Gianluca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ultrafast hole dynamics triggered by the photoexcitation of molecular targets is a highly correlated process even for those systems, like organic molecules, having a weakly correlated ground state. We here provide a unifying framework and a numerically efficient matrix formulation of state-of-the-art non-equilibrium Green's function (NEGF) methods like second-Born as well as $GW$ and $T$-matrix without and {\em with} exchange diagrams. Numerical simulations are presented for a paradigmatic, exactly solvable molecular system and the shortcomings of the established NEGF methods are highlighted. We then develop a NEGF scheme based on the Faddeev treatment of three-particle correlations; the exceptional improvement over established methods is explained and demonstrated. The Faddeev NEGF scheme scales linearly with the maximum propagation time, thereby opening prospects for femtosecond simulations of large molecules.
description: 5 figures
Aether, Fields & Energy Dynamics in living bodies Part - I.pdf
Creators: name: Thorp, Ken
name: Thorp, James A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 119999 Medical and Health Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other medical sciences
subject: 29903 Medical Physics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This trilogy has conclusively established the existence of a body-wide energetic economy based on aether-driven field dynamics between the dielectric, magnetic and radiant forms of energy. The articles review the development and evolution of the aether concept and, for the first time, show its pivotal role in the generation and propagation of a complex body-wide energy field. For the first time in medical history, you will witness numerous examples of bodily phenomena in both health and disease that can only be explained on the basis of Aether.
The effectiveness of financial regulations and supervision on mutual insurers
Creators: name: van Toor, C.
Publisher: name: University of Amsterdam / Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences
Year: 2021
Subjects: Social Science

description: This dissertation investigates the target reach and effectiveness of financial regulation and the related supervision of mutual insurers. It also investigates whether regulations and/or supervision have undesirable side effects.
The research is divided into a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical research focuses on the Civil Code and the Financial Supervision Act. The practical part has been instituted at a number of mutual or cooperative insurers / a number of member councils thereof.
Spatial-temporal dynamics of transboundary forest disturbance-recovery and its influencing factors in the central Himalayas
Creators: name: Cui, Bohao
name: Zhang, Yili
name: Liu, Linshan
name: Gu, Changjun
name: Wang, Zhaofeng
name: Wei, Bo
name: Gong, Dianqing
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Transboundary forests in the Himalayas are one of the world’s biodiversity hotspots, but exploring the patterns and influencing factors related to forest disturbance-recovery is still limited. In this study, we used a random forests model, a LandTrendr temporal segmentation algorithm and geographical detector to investigate the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of forest disturbance and recovery and their influencing factors in the central Himalayas from 1995 to 2018. The results showed that forest disturbance was dominant (∼2.94 × 104 km2) and greater than recovery (∼0.56 × 104 km2). Both disturbance and recovery showed a significant decreasing trend (p < 0.01); disturbance occurred mainly at low elevations and the Gandaki basin, while recovery was in eastern Nepal. Disturbance rates were highest in Nepal (1.14%) and recovery rates in China (0.29%). The main influencing factors on forest dynamics were elevation, temperature and population. The interaction of all factors was synergistically enhanced.
Signatures of Planet Formation in Gravitationally Unstable Disks
Creators: name: Jang-Condell, Hannah
name: Boss, Alan P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we calculate simulated scattered light images of a circumstellar disk in which a planet is forming by gravitational instability. The simulated images bear no correlation to the vertically integrated surface density of the disk, but rather trace the density structure in the tenuous upper layers of the disk. Although the density at high altitudes does not bear a direct relation to activity at the midplane, the very existence of structure at high altitudes along with high time variability is an indicator of gravitational instability within the disk. The timescale for variations is much shorter than the orbital period of the planet, which facilitates observation of the phenomenon. Scattered light images may not necessarily be able to tell us where exactly a planet might be forming in a disk, but can still be a useful probe of active planet formation within a circumstellar disk. Although these phenomena are unlikely to be observable by current telescopes, future large telescopes, such as the Giant Magellan Telescope, may be able to detect them.
description: 5 pages, 2 color figures. Accepted to ApJ
Self-Organized Criticality in Stellar Flares
Creators: name: Aschwanden, Markus J.
name: Guedel, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Power law size distributions are the hallmarks of nonlinear energy dissipation processes governed by self-organized criticality. Here we analyze 75 data sets of stellar flare size distributions, mostly obtained from the {\sl Extreme Ultra-Violet Explorer (EUVE)} and the {\sl Kepler} mission. We aim to answer the following questions for size distributions of stellar flares: (i) What are the values and uncertainties of power law slopes? (ii) Do power law slopes vary with time ? (iii) Do power law slopes depend on the stellar spectral type? (iv) Are they compatible with solar flares? (v) Are they consistent with self-organized criticality (SOC) models? We find that the observed size distributions of stellar flare fluences (or energies) exhibit power law slopes of $α_E=2.09\pm0.24$ for optical data sets observed with Kepler. The observed power law slopes do not show much time variability and do not depend on the stellar spectral type (M, K, G, F, A, Giants). In solar flares we find that background subtraction lowers the uncorrected value of $α_E=2.20\pm0.22$ to $α_E=1.57\pm0.19$. Furthermore, most of the stellar flares are temporally not resolved in low-cadence (30 min) Kepler data, which causes an additional bias. Taking these two biases into account, the stellar flare data sets are consistent with the theoretical prediction $N(x) \propto x^{-α_x}$ of self-organized criticality models, i.e., $α_E=1.5$. Thus, accurate power law fits require automated detection of the inertial range and background subtraction, which can be modeled with the generalized Pareto distribution, finite-system size effects, and extreme event outliers.
description: 16 pages, 7 Figures, 3 Tables
Molecular line profiles as diagnostics of protostellar collapse: modelling the `blue asymmetry' in inside-out infall
Creators: name: Tsamis, Y. G.
name: Rawlings, J. M. C.
name: Yates, J. A.
name: Viti, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution of star-forming core analogues undergoing inside-out collapse is studied with a multi-point chemodynamical model which self-consistently computes the abundance distribution of chemical species in the core. For several collapse periods the output chemistry of infall tracer species such as HCO+, CS, and N2H+, is then coupled to an accelerated Lambda-iteration radiative transfer code, which predicts the emerging molecular line profiles using two different input gas/dust temperature distributions. We investigate the sensitivity of the predicted spectral line profiles and line asymmetry ratios to the core temperature distribution, the time-dependent model chemistry, as well as to ad hoc abundance distributions. The line asymmetry is found to be strongly dependent on the adopted chemical abundance distribution. In general, models with a warm central region show higher values of blue asymmetry in optically thick HCO+ and CS lines than models with a starless core temperature profile. We find that in the formal context of Shu-type inside-out infall, and in the absence of rotation or outflows, the relative blue asymmetry of certain HCO+ and CS transitions is a function of time and, subject to the foregoing caveats, can act as a collapse chronometer. The sensitivity of simulated HCO+ line profiles to linear radial variations, subsonic or supersonic, of the internal turbulence field is investigated in the separate case of static cores.
description: Accepted to MNRAS; 20 pages, 13 figs
Agricultural Irrigation and Water Supply
Creators: name: Bajwa, Rajinder S.
name: Crosswhite, William M.
name: Hostetler, John E.
name: Bajwa, Rajinder S.
name: Crosswhite, William M.
name: Hostetler, John E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Irrigation
subject: irrigated farms
subject: land values
subject: land rent
subject: precipitation
subject: water supply
subject: irrigated crops
subject: irrigation system

description: The 17 Western States plus Arkansas, Florida, and Louisiana account for 94 percent of all U.S. irrigated acreage, with the Western States alone contributing over 85 percent. This report integrates data on the distribution, characteristics, uses, and management of water resources from a wide variety of data sources. The report includes charts and tables on the climatic and physiographic influence on irrigation development; farm data comparing selected characteristics of irrigated and nonirrigated farms; and data on water application systems, sources of water, pump energy expenses by energy type, values of irrigated and nonirrigated land, and cash rents.
Stability of planetary systems within the S-star cluster: the Solar system analogues
Creators: name: Davari, N.
name: Dolcetta, R. Capuzzo
name: Spurzem, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A dynamically relaxed dense cluster comprised of about 40 stars (the so-called S-stars) inhabits the central region of the Galaxy. Their stars revolve around the Sgr A$^*$ massive object. To understand the dynamical evolution of planetary systems in a particular environment like that around Sgr A$^*$, we carry out direct N--body simulations of planetary systems embedded in the S--star cluster. In this work, we investigate the short-term stability of the planets orbiting around S-stars after their close interactions with the central massive black hole of our galaxy. We find that planetary systems go through encounters with the SMBH and the nearby stars. We determine the frequency and the strength of planetary systems' encounters with the nearby stars as these encounters remarkably increase for systems assigned to S-stars closer to the SMBH. The SMBH severely destabilizes the planetary systems, though we noted that the small oscillations in the mutual eccentricity and inclination of the planetary system could be caused by the planet--planet coupling and the near-resonance effect between the two planets. We obtain estimates of the fraction of survivor planets ($\sim 51\%$), and find that planets stripped from their hosting star are generally captured on close orbits around Sgr A$^*$. We notify while gas giants are tidally disrupted, terrestrial planets do not. We estimate that Sgr A$^*$ flares can be due to the tidal disruption events of \textit{starless} giant planets.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
Classificazione delle Modulazioni Radio tramite Deep Learning per applicazioni radioastronomiche
Creators: name: CABRAS, Alessandro
name: Garau, Salvatore
name: PISANU, Tonino
name: Didaci, Luca
name: GAUDIOMONTE, Francesco
Publisher: name: O.A. Cagliari
Year: 2023

description: Nel presente report viene illustrato un progetto di ricerca per il rilevamento e la classificazione delle Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) utilizzando algoritmi di machine learning con l’obiettivo di sviluppare un sistema automatizzato in grado di identificare e analizzare segnali indesiderati in modo rapido ed efficiente. La classificazione accurata delle RFI è fondamentale per mitigare le interferenze durante le osservazioni scientifiche con il Sardinia Radio Telescope (SRT). Nel corso del progetto, sono stati raccolti dati relativi alle interferenze RFI in parte da dataset online e in parte utilizzando strumenti di acquisizione. Sono state esplorate diverse architetture di reti neurali e ne sono state valutate le performance utilizzando misure come l’accuratezza, la perdita (loss) e la matrice di confusione. Sono state utilizzate anche apparecchiature hardware ad alta fedeltà per confrontare e valutare le prestazioni dei modelli di intelligenza artificiale sviluppati. Questo confronto è stato fondamentale per garantire l’accuratezza dei modelli e consentire una valutazione comparativa con gli strumenti hardware considerati come punto di riferimento.
NESTORE D6.5 D6.5 Integrated Tests Results
Creators: name: Candea Ciprian
name: Candea Gabriela
name: Staicu Marius
name: Zgripcea Claudiu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Social Platform, Monitoring system, DSS, virtual coach, end-user, Nestore Connect, sensor

description: One of the NESTORE project’s main goals is to create an ecosystem to give elderly people a coaching platform / system for guiding and optimizing their lifestyle. Thus, each component will be tested as a separate module,
 and then, in conjunction with other NESTORE components. Test cases are defined in this report in order to
 perform end-to-end integration tests.
 The presented report will list some test cases for each component and the test protocol used by the NESTORE team to test the NESTORE system.
Axisymmetric black hole accretion in the Kerr metric as an autonomous dynamical system
Creators: name: Goswami, Sanghamitra
name: Khan, Saba Nashreen
name: Ray, Arnab K.
name: Das, Tapas Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a stationary, general relativistic, axisymmetric, inviscid and rotational accretion flow, described within the Kerr geometric framework, transonicity has been examined by setting up the governing equations of the flow as a first-order autonomous dynamical system. The consequent linearised analysis of the critical points of the flow leads to a comprehensive mathematical prescription for classifying these points, showing that the only possibilities are saddle points and centre-type points for all ranges of values of the fixed flow parameters. The spin parameter of the black hole influences the multitransonic character of the flow, as well as some of its specific critical properties. The special case of a flow in the space-time of a non-rotating black hole, characterised by the Schwarzschild metric, has also been studied for comparison and the conclusions are compatible with what has been seen for the Kerr geometric case.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures, mn2e.cls used
Locomotor-respiratory synchrony in the Canada goose
Creators: name: Funk, Gregory Douglas
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Using a variety of preparations, (intact birds during treadmill and overground walking/running and free-flight; decerebrate birds during electrically induced walking/running, passive wing flapping, and electrically induced wing flapping and "Active" flight), this thesis examines some of the mechanisms involved in the production and control of locomotor-respiratory coordination (entrainment) during alternating hindlimb locomotion (walking/running) and synchronous forelimb locomotion ("flight") in the Canada goose. Significant coordination of locomotor and respiratory rhythms was observed during both modes of locomotion in intact as well as decerebrate birds. While coordination of forelimb motion and respiration was virtually complete, coordination of hindlimb motion and respiration was sporadic. The level of entrainment during hindlimb locomotion, however, increased with increased stride frequency, rather than increased work rate, suggesting that proprioceptive feedback from the limbs is involved in the production of locomotor-respiratory entrainment. Further evidence for a role of proprioceptive feedback in the production of entrainment was provided by the entrainment of respiration by passive wing motion in decerebrate geese. Although feedback from the periphery was sufficient for the entrainment of wing motion and respiration, motor nerve outputs to the wing and respiratory musculature were also synchronized in paralyzed, decerebrate birds during electrically induced activity, in the complete absence of phasic afferent feedback. Thus, both feedback and feedforward mechanisms appear sufficient for the coordination of wing beat and respiration.
Collapse of the Primordial Gas Clouds in the Presence of UV Radiation Field
Creators: name: Stasielak, Jaroslaw
name: Stachniewicz, Slawomir
name: Kutschera, Marek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our goal is to study the effects of the UV radiation from the first stars, quasars and hypothetical Super Heavy Dark Matter (SHDM) particle decays on the formation of primordial bound objects in the Universe. We trace the evolution of a spherically symmetric density perturbation in the Lambda Cold Dark Matter and MOND model, solving the frequency-dependent radiative transfer equation, non-equilibrium chemistry, and one-dimensional gas hydrodynamics. We concentrate on the destruction and formation processes of the $H_{2}$ molecule, which is the main coolant in the primordial objects.
description: To appear in the proceedings of the Island Universes conference held in Terschelling, Netherlands, July 2005, ed. R. de Jong
YOSHLARNING INTELEKTUAL SALOHIYATINI ORTIRISHNING BOSH OMILI
Creators: name: Raxmanova Muqaddas Qaxramonovna Alfraganus University Pedagogika va psixologiya kafedrasi. dotsenti  p.f.d(DSc).,
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Bugungi kunda ta’lim tizimi va olib borilayotgan tub ijtimoiy  iqtisodiy va ma’naviy islohotlarning asosiy maqsadi ta’lim mussasalari va o‘tmishdan qolgan mafkuraviy qarashlar va sarxitlardan to‘la xalos etish, rivojlangan demokratik davlatlar darajasida yuksak ma’naviy va axloqiy talablarga javob beradigan yuqori malakali kadrlar tayyorlashdir.
Muon reconstruction with a convolutional neural network in the JUNO detector
Creators: name: Liu, Yan
name: Li, Weidong
name: Lin, Tao
name: Fang, Wenxing
name: Blyth, Simon C.
name: Xu, Jilei
name: He, Miao
name: Zhang, Kun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is designed to determine the neutrino mass ordering and measure neutrino oscillation parameters. A precise muon reconstruction is crucial to reduce one of the major backgrounds induced by cosmic muons. This article proposes a novel muon reconstruction method based on convolutional neural network (CNN) models. In this method, the track information reconstructed by the top tracker is used for network training. The training dataset is augmented by applying a rotation to muon tracks to compensate for the limited angular coverage of the top tracker. The muon reconstruction with the CNN model can produce unbiased tracks with performance that spatial resolution is better than 10 cm and angular resolution is better than 0.6 degrees. By using a GPU accelerated implementation a speedup factor of 100 compared to existing CPU techniques has been demonstrated.
Rural Economic Development in the 1980's: A Summary
Creators: name: Economic Research Service
name: Economic Research Service
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Community/Rural/Urban Development
Labor and Human Capital

description: Excerpt from the report Summary: While growth and economic vitality were the dominant rural themes in the 1970's, structural change and economic dislocation have become overriding rural issues in the 1980's. In recent decades, the rural economy has shifted from heavy dependence on natural resource-based industries to more reliance on manufacturing and services industries, much of it in low-wage, low-skill jobs. This industrial restructuring has left rural areas open to rapid shifts in production technologies, which appear to have reduced their competitive position in the national and international economy. At the same time, the rural economy has become more closely tied with national and global economies, making it more sensitive to changes in macro economic policy, business cycles, and global competition. These events, combined with longstanding weaknesses in the rural economy, have led to significant problems in some areas, raising questions about the ability of rural areas to adapt.
Modeling Method for the Coupling Relations of Microgrid Cyber-Physical Systems Driven by Hybrid Spatiotemporal Events
Creators: name: Bo, Xiaoyong
name: Chen, Xiaoyu
name: Li, Huashun
name: Dong, Yunchang
name: Qu, Zhaoyang
name: Wang, Lei
name: Li, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The essence of the microgrid cyber-physical system (CPS) lies in the cyclical conversion of information flow and energy flow. Most of the existing coupling models are modeled with static networks and interface structures, in which the closed-loop data flow characteristic is not fully considered. It is difficult for these models to accurately describe spatiotemporal deduction processes, such as microgrid CPS attack identification, risk propagation, safety assessment, defense control, and cascading failure. To address this problem, a modeling method for the coupling relations of microgrid CPS driven by hybrid spatiotemporal events is proposed in the present work. First, according to the topological correlation and coupling logic of the microgrid CPS, the cyclical conversion mechanism of information flow and energy flow is analyzed, and a microgrid CPS architecture with multi-agents as the core is constructed. Next, the spatiotemporal evolution characteristic of the CPS is described by hybrid automata, and the task coordination mechanism of the multi-agent CPS terminal is designed. On this basis, a discrete-continuous correlation and terminal structure characteristic representation method of the CPS based on heterogeneous multi-groups are then proposed. Finally, four spatiotemporal events, namely state perception, network communication, intelligent decision-making, and action control, are defined. Considering the constraints of the temporal conversion of information flow and energy flow, a microgrid CPS coupling model is established, the effectiveness of which is verified by simulating false data injection attack (FDIA) scenarios.
description: Accepted by IEEE Access
Rubber friction on smooth surfaces
Creators: name: Persson, B. N. J.
name: Volokitin, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the sliding friction for viscoelastic solids, e.g., rubber, on hard flat substrate surfaces. We consider first the fluctuating shear stress inside a viscoelastic solid which results from the thermal motion of the atoms or molecules in the solid. At the nanoscale the thermal fluctuations are very strong and give rise to stress fluctuations in the MPa-range, which is similar to the depinning stresses which typically occur at solid-rubber interfaces, indicating the crucial importance of thermal fluctuations for rubber friction on smooth surfaces. We develop a detailed model which takes into account the influence of thermal fluctuations on the depinning of small contact patches (stress domains) at the rubber-substrate interface. The theory predicts that the velocity dependence of the macroscopic shear stress has a bell-shaped f orm, and that the low-velocity side exhibits the same temperature dependence as the bulk viscoelastic modulus, in qualitative agreement with experimental data. Finally, we discuss the influence of small-amplitude substrate roughness on rubber sliding friction.
description: 14 pages, 16 figures
Avalanche correlations and stress-strain curves in discrete dislocation plasticity
Creators: name: Salmenjoki, Henri
name: Laurson, Lasse
name: Alava, Mikko J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The sequence of deformation bursts during plastic deformation exhibits scale-free features. In addition to the burst or avalanche sizes and the rate of avalanches the process is characterized by correlations in the series which become manifest in the resulting shape of the stress-strain curve. We analyze such features of plastic deformation with 2D and 3D simulations of discrete dislocation dynamics models and we show, that only with severe plastic deformation the ensuing memory effects become negligible. The role of past deformation history and dislocation pinning by disorder are studied. In general, the correlations have the effect of reducing the scatter of the individual stress-strain curves around the mean one.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures. Submitted
Spin-orbital gap of multiorbital antiferromagnet
Creators: name: Onishi, Hiroaki
name: Hotta, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to discuss the spin-gap formation in a multiorbital system, we analyze an e_g-orbital Hubbard model on a geometrically frustrated zigzag chain by using a density-matrix renormalization group method. Due to the appearance of a ferro-orbital arrangement, the system is regarded as a one-orbital system, while the degree of spin frustration is controlled by the spatial anisotropy of the orbital. In the region of strong spin frustration, we observe a finite energy gap between ground and first-excited states, which should be called a spin-orbital gap. The physical meaning is clarified by an effective Heisenberg spin model including correctly the effect of the orbital arrangement influenced by the spin excitation.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, extended version
MHXS ASOSIDA XARAJATLAR HISOBINING ME'YORIY-HUQUQIY ASOSLARI
Creators: name: Djumayeva Guzal Axtamovna Samarqand Iqtisodiyot va Servis Instituti
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Maqolada moliyaviy hisobotning xalqaro standartlari asosida xarajatlarning tan olinishi, ular hisobiga ta’sir qiluvchi omillar, milliy amaliyotda xarajatlarning majburiy tasniflanishi va xalqaro amaliyotda xarajatlarni aks ettiruvchi standartlar o’rganilgan.

Kalit so’zlar: xalqaro standartlar, aktivlar, majburiyatlar, tannarx, faoliyat turi, boshqaruv qarorlari.
title: РАЗРАБОТКА ОРГАНИЗАЦИОННО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО МЕХАНИЗМА УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯМИ ИНВЕСТИЦИОННО-СТРОИТЕЛЬНОГО КОМПЛЕКСА ЧЕЧЕНСКОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКИ
Creators: name: Идилов, Ибрагим
name: Абдулвагапова, Айна
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2021

description: Определяющим направлением развития предприятий строительного комплекса, как драйвера экономики региона, в современных конкурентных условиях является использование инновационных технологий, что сопряжено с необходимостью привлечения дополнительных источников всех видов ресурсов (материальных, финансовых, человеческих) и в совокупности с другими особенностями функционирования отрасли строительства диктует необходимость формирования нового организационно-экономического механизма управления предприятиями инвестиционно-строительного комплекса, который был бы направлен на ускорение процесса развития строительных организаций как на территории Чеченской Республики, так и России в целом.
High-resolution Laboratory Measurements of K-shell X-ray Line Polarization and Excitation Cross Sections in Heliumlike S XV Ions
Creators: name: Shah, Chintan
name: Hell, Natalie
name: Hubbard, Antonia
name: Gu, Ming Feng
name: MacDonald, Michael J.
name: Eckart, Megan E.
name: Kelley, Richard L.
name: Kilbourne, Caroline A.
name: Leutenegger, Maurice A.
name: Porter, F. Scott
name: Brown, Gregory V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report measurements of electron-impact excitation cross sections for the strong K-shell n=2-1 transitions in S XV using the LLNL EBIT-I electron beam ion trap, two crystal spectrometers, and the EBIT Calorimeter Spectrometer. The cross sections are determined by direct normalization to the well known cross sections of radiative electron capture, measured simultaneously. Using contemporaneous polarization measurements with the two crystal spectrometers, whose dispersion planes are oriented parallel and perpendicular to the electron beam direction, the polarization of the direct excitation line emission is determined, and in turn the isotropic total cross sections are extracted. We further experimentally investigate various line-formation mechanisms, finding that radiative cascades and collisional inner-shell ionization dominate the degree of linear polarization and total line-emission cross sections of the forbidden line $z$.
description: 16 Pages, 9 Figures, published in ApJ
Agricultural Input Industry Indicators in 1974-85: Expansion and Contraction
Creators: name: Daberkow, Stan
name: Daberkow, Stan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Financial Economics
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Production Economics
subject: Agricultural inputs
subject: fertilizer
subject: seed
subject: pesticides
subject: farm machinery
subject: input industry indicators
subject: input use

description: Spurred by record growth in agricultural export markets, the U.S. agricultural input manufacturing and distribution industries expanded in the 1970's. But export markets contracted sharply in the 1980''s as economic conditions in the U.S. farm sector reversed and overseas agricultural production strengthened. The pesticide, seed, fertilizer, and farm machinery industries have responded by reducing production, prices, capital expenditures, employment, and plant capacity; adjusting corporate structures; and expanding use of international markets. This report examines the agricultural input industries during the 1970’s expansion and the 1980's contraction and factors in the farm sector that influenced these trends.
Thermally excited spin-current in metals with embedded ferromagnetic nanoclusters
Creators: name: Tsyplyatyev, O.
name: Kashuba, O.
name: Fal'ko, V. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a thermally excited spin-current naturally appears in metals with embedded ferromagnetic nanoclusters. When such materials are subjected to a magnetic field, a spin current can be generated by a temperature gradient across the sample as a signature of electron-hole symmetry breaking in a metal due to the electron spin-flip scattering from polarised magnetic moments. Such a spin current can be observed via a giant magneto-thermopower which tracks the polarisation state of the magnetic subsystem and is proportional to the magnetoresistance. Our theory explains the recent experiment on Co clusters in copper by S. Serrano-Guisan \textit{et al} [Nature Materials AOP, doi:10.1038/nmat1713 (2006)]
title: РОЛЬ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ТУРИЗМА В РАЗВИТИИ ТУРИСТСКИХ ДЕСТИНАЦИЙ РОССИИ
Creators: name: Кузнецов, Николай
name: Цепилова, Елена
name: Родионова, Наталья
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2021

description: В условиях пандемии COVID-19 значительно возрос потребительский запрос на экологический туризм (экотуризм). В статье проведено исследование текущего состояния и перспектив развития экологического туризма в России с позиций реализации национальных проектов «Экология» и «Туризм и индустрия гостеприимства», а также внедрения наилучших доступных технологий в туристские дестинации, оказывающих как экономическое, так и социально-экологическое воздействие на развитие общества и природы. Особое внимание уделено изучению перспектив развития экологического туризма на особо охраняемых природных территориях заповедной природы. Исследованы научно-практические подходы к трактовке дефиниции «экологический туризм»; определены основные ресурсы, необходимые для развития экотуризма. Показаны проблемы развития экологического туризма в России, важнейшими из которых определены транспортная труднодоступность ряда местностей, потенциально разрушающее антропогенное влияние экотуризма и его инфраструктуры на биосферу, недостаточная информированность потенциальных потребителей, высокая стоимость экологических туров, убыточность / низкая рентабельность объектов экотуризма, отсутствие системы сбора институционализированных экологических платежей и контроля за их использованием.
Pressure, temperature, and orientation dependent thermal conductivity of $α$-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane ($α$-RDX)
Creators: name: Perriot, Romain
name: Powell, Michael S.
name: Lazarz, John D.
name: Bolme, C. A.
name: McGrane, Shawn D.
name: Moore, David S.
name: Cawkwell, M. J.
name: Ramos, Kyle J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use reverse non-equilibrium molecular dynamics (RNEMD) simulations to determine the thermal conductivity in $α$-RDX in the <100>, <010>, and <001> crystallographic directions. Simulations are carried out with the Smith-Bharadwaj non-reactive empirical interatomic potential [Smith & Bharadwaj, J. Phys. Chem. B 103, 3570(1999)], which represents the thermo-elastic properties of RDX with good accuracy. As an illustration, we report the temperature and pressure dependence of lattice constants of $α$-RDX, which compare well with experimental and ab initio results, as do linear and volume thermal expansion coefficients, which we also calculate. We find that the thermal conductivity depends linearly on the inverse temperature in the 200-400K regime due to the decrease in the phonon mean free path. The thermal conductivity also exhibits anisotropy, with a maximum difference at 300K of 24% between the <001> and <010> directions, an effect that remains when temperature increases. Thermal conductivity in the <100> direction is mostly between the two other directions, although crossovers are predicted with <001> at high temperature, and <010> at low temperature under pressure. We observe that the thermal conductivity varies linearly with pressure up to 4 GPa. The data are fitted to analytical functions for interpolation/extrapolation and use in continuum simulations. MD results are validated against experiments using impulsive stimulated thermal scattering (ISTS) on RDX single crystals at 293K and ambient pressure, showing good qualitative and quantitative agreement: same ordering between the three principal orientations, and an average error of 10% between the experiments and the model. These results provide confidence that the extracted analytical functions using the RNEMD methodology and the Smith-Bharadwaj potential can be applied to model the thermal conductivity of $α$-RDX.
Authentic existence : its individual and social dimensions
Creators: name: Green, Claire Catherine
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: The aim of this thesis is to provide an explication and analysis of the existential concept of authentic existence, through an examination of Sartre, Nietzsche, Heidegger and Buber. It is primarily Sartre's treatment of authenticity, only implicit in his writings, which this thesis seeks both to make explicit and to defend. The positions of Nietzsche, Heidegger and Buber are each used to compare or contrast with key aspects of Sartre's concept of authentic existence, in order to establish the strengths and weaknesses of the Sartrean position. Sartre's concept of individual authenticity rests upon an ethics designed to liberate the individual from living in 'bad faith' by means of a reflective comprehension of the nature of human reality. It is an ethics of self-recovery or authentic existence, having as its ideal the development of the morally autonomous individual who chooses to take freedom as his ultimate value. Sartre also maintains that authenticity requires that we take the freedom of others, as well as our own, as our goal. At the same time, however, his discussion of relations with others in Being and Nothingness is a profoundly negative one, which contends that conflict is the original meaning of 'being-for-others'. It will be argued that Sartre's theory of groups in Critique of Dialectical Reason provides an account of how positive social relations are indeed possible within the parameters of his ontology. The theory of groups thus renders intelligible that aspect of his concept of authentic existence which requires of us common action on behalf of the freedom of all. Finally, Sartre's sociopolitical ideal, or that towards which authentic action is ultimately directed, is identified as a 'direct democracy'. Such a community would be the concrete embodiment of a free society of disalienated individuals mutually choosing to promote each other's freedom.