cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Evolution of the First Core in Rotating Molecular Core
Creators: name: Saigo, Kazuya
name: Tomisaka, Kohji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the evolution path of the first core in rotating molecular cloud core and the evolution during the second collapse phase using axisymmetric numerical calculations. The structure and evolution of the rotating first core is characterized by the angular momentum $J_{\rm core}$ and mass $M_{\rm core}$, both of which increase with time by accretion from the infalling envelope. We find the evolution path of it can be considered as a sequence of equilibrium solutions with a constant $J_{\rm core}/M_{\rm core}^2$. Such evolution paths are in good agreement with the results of three-dimensional numerical simulations. The evolution paths is completely different from spherical case. Except for extremely small rotation rate of $J_{\rm core}/M_{\rm core}^2 < 0.015 G/(\sqrt{2} c_{\rm iso})$, the first core does not increase in the central density beyond a certain maximum value and can not begins the second collapse direct and grows in mass by accretion. Such a first core has a very long time-scale and seems to suffer from a non-axisymmetric evolution. In the usual case, we expect that the time-scale of a rotating first core becomes several thousand years and several percent of the prestellar cores contain a first core at least. Such a rotating first core has a small average luminosity of $L_{\rm core} = 0.003-0.03$($\dot{M}_{\rm core}/\dot{M}_{\rm ref}$) L$_{\odot}$.
description: Submitted to Astrophysical Journal. 31 pages, 9 figures, (full paper with high-resolution figures available at http://yso.mtk.nao.ac.jp/~saigo/papers/saigo2004a/saigo2004.pdf strongly recommend)
THE ECONOMICS OF CONTROLLING INFECTIOUS DISEASES ON DAIRY FARMS
Creators: name: Chi, Junwook
name: Weersink, Alfons
name: Vanleeuwen, John A.
name: Keefe, Gregory P.
name: Chi, Junwook
name: Weersink, Alfons
name: Vanleeuwen, John A.
name: Keefe, Gregory P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Farm Management
Livestock Production/Industries

description: Cost effective disease control on the dairy farm can enhance productivity and subsequently profitability. Previous economic studies on animal disease have focused on production losses and evaluation of disease eradication programs and provided little guidance as to the optimal prevention action. This paper presents a theoretical model on the economics of livestock disease and develops an empirical model to determine the optimal set of control strategies for four production limiting cattle diseases: bovine viral diarrhea (BVD), enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL), Johne's Disease (JD) and neosporosis. Control functions indicating the prevalence of infection with each of the four diseases for each of the ten strategies are estimated. The optimal strategies that minimize total disease cost (direct production losses and control expenditures) are provided for each disease on the basis of farm survey results from the Maritime provinces. The results emphasize the importance of introduction checks before new animals enter the herd and adequate vaccination protection as cost-effective control strategies.
The Impact of Box Size on the Properties of Dark Matter Haloes in Cosmological Simulations
Creators: name: Power, Chris
name: Knebe, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the impact finite simulation box size has on the structural and kinematic properties of Cold Dark Matter haloes forming in cosmological simulations. Our approach involves generating a single realisation of the initial power spectrum of density perturbations and studying how truncation of this power spectrum on scales larger than L_cut affects the structure of dark matter haloes at z=0. In particular, we have examined the cases of L_cut = f_cut L_box with f_cut=1 (i.e. no truncation), 1/2, 1/3 and 1/4. In common with previous studies, we find that the suppression of long wavelength perturbations reduces the strength of clustering, as measured by a suppression of the 2-point correlation function xi(r), and reduces the numbers of the most massive haloes, as reflected in the depletion of the high mass end of the mass function n(M). Interestingly, we find that truncation has little impact on the internal properties of haloes. The masses of high mass haloes decrease in a systematic manner as L_cut is reduced, but the distribution of concentrations is unaffected. On the other hand, the median spin parameter is ~50% lower in runs with f_cut<1. We argue that this is an imprint of the linear growth phase of the halo's angular momentum by tidal torquing, and that the absence of any measurable trend in concentration and the weak trend observed in halo shape reflect the importance of virialisation and complex mass accretion histories for these quantities. These results are of interest for studies that require high mass resolution and statistical samples of simulated haloes, such as simulations of the population of first stars. Our analysis shows that large-scale tidal fields have relatively little effect on the internal properties of Cold Dark Matter haloes and hence may be ignored in such studies.
description: Submitted to MNRAS; 10 pages, 12 figures
Skyrme-based extrapolation for the static response of neutron matter
Creators: name: Buraczynski, Mateusz
name: Martinello, Samuel
name: Gezerlis, Alexandros
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of inhomogeneous neutron matter can provide insights into the structure of neutron stars as well as their dynamics in neutron-star mergers. In this work we tackle pure neutron matter in the presence of a periodic external field by considering a finite (but potentially large) number of particles placed in periodic boundary conditions. We start with the simpler setting of a noninteracting gas and then switch to a Skyrme-Hartree-Fock approach, showing static-response results for five distinct Skyrme parametrizations. We explain both the technical details of our computational approach, as well as the significance of these results as a general finite-size extrapolation scheme that may be used by ab initio practitioners to approach the static-response problem of neutron matter in the thermodynamic limit.
description: 18 pages, 20 figures; v2 corresponds to published version
Supercritical water oxidation of phenol and 2,4 dinitrophenol
Creators: name: Perez, Ivette Vera
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The destruction kinetics of two model compounds has been investigated in the University of British Columbia (UBC) Supercritical Water Oxidation (SCWO) pilot plant. High concentrations of phenol (2.7% and 4% by weight) were oxidized at pressures of 24 to 26 MPa, temperatures of 666 to 778 K, and 0 to 39% oxygen excess. Phenol and Total Organic Carbon (TOC) conversions varied from 92 to 99.98% and 75 to 99.77% respectively. The second group of wastes studied contained 2,4 dinitrophenol (DNP). Two different solutions that simulated an aromatic nitration facility's wash-water were investigated. The first one contained 2.4% by wt. 2,4 dinitrophenol with 2% by wt. ammonium sulphate and simulated the final wash waters from the nitration plant with no sulphates elimination. The second solution contained 2.27% by wt. as ammonium dinitrophenol, with no sulphates. For the first DNP waste, at process conditions of 25 MPa, 780 K and 37% oxygen excess, 99.9996% destruction efficiencies were obtained for 2,4 dinitrophenol, and 99.92% for TOC. Mono-nitrophenols were detected as intermediates, but not in the liquid effluent, where residuals of ammonium bicarbonate and sulphates were detected. No NO[sub x] or CO was present in the gaseous effluent streams. This solution resulted to be very corrosive to the system. The second solution was treated at 22.9 ±0.1 MPa, 742-813 K and oxygen concentrations ranging from sub-stoichiometric to 69% excess. Destruction efficiencies for 2,4 dinitrophenol were 99.9996% in all cases (not detected). TOC destruction efficiencies ranged from 98.98 to 99.98%, while ammonia destruction ranged from 15 to 50%. Picric acid, mono-nitrophenols, ammonium carbonate and bicarbonate were detected as intermediates, but not in the liquid effluent. No CO or NO[sub x] was present in the effluent gas samples, except in cases with less than stoichiometric oxygen.
Light deflection in the post-linear gravitational field of bounded point-like masses
Creators: name: Brügmann, Michael H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Light deflection in the post-linear gravitational field of two bounded point-like masses is treated. Both the light source and the observer are assumed to be located at infinity in an asymptotically flat space. The equations of light propagation are explicitly integrated to the second order in $G/c^2$. Some of the integrals are evaluated by making use of an expansion in powers of the ratio of the relative separation distance to the impact parameter $(r_{12}/ξ)$. A discussion of which orders must be retained to be consistent with the expansion in terms of $G/c^2$ is given. It is shown that the expression obtained in this paper for the angle of light deflection is fully equivalent to the expression obtained by Kopeikin and Schäfer up to the order given there. The deflection angle takes a particularly simple form for a light ray originally propagating orthogonal to the orbital plane of a binary with equal masses. Application of the formulae for the deflection angle to the double pulsar PSR J0737-3039 for an impact parameter five times greater than the relative separation distance of the binary's components shows that the corrections to the Epstein-Shapiro light deflection angle of about $10^{-6}$ arcsec lie between $10^{-7}$ and $10^{-8}$ arcsec.
description: 37 pages, 2 tables, no figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. D, v2: misprints corrected, additional subsection in Sec. XI, expressions (57), (59) and (66) were simplified, 3 references added
The Partially Observable History Process
Creators: name: Morrill, Dustin
name: Greenwald, Amy R.
name: Bowling, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce the partially observable history process (POHP) formalism for reinforcement learning. POHP centers around the actions and observations of a single agent and abstracts away the presence of other players without reducing them to stochastic processes. Our formalism provides a streamlined interface for designing algorithms that defy categorization as exclusively single or multi-agent, and for developing theory that applies across these domains. We show how the POHP formalism unifies traditional models including the Markov decision process, the Markov game, the extensive-form game, and their partially observable extensions, without introducing burdensome technical machinery or violating the philosophical underpinnings of reinforcement learning. We illustrate the utility of our formalism by concisely exploring observable sequential rationality, examining some theoretical properties of general immediate regret minimization, and generalizing the extensive-form regret minimization (EFR) algorithm.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures
Factors Affecting Biotechnology Innovation in Canada: Analysis of the 2001 Biotechnology Use and Development Survey
Creators: name: Van Moorsel, Daryl
name: Cranfield, John A.L.
name: Sparling, David
name: Van Moorsel, Daryl
name: Cranfield, John A.L.
name: Sparling, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: innovation
subject: biotechnology
subject: Canada
subject: agriculture
subject: food
subject: human health

description: Advancement in biotechnology requires continued innovative activity by firms. To grow, biotechnology firms must understand the factors affecting their innovative activity. Such understanding also informs policy makers, and supports the development of policies promoting one's biotechnology sector. This study explores factors which determine innovative activity within the Canadian biotechnology industry. Innovative activity is measured as the natural log of the number of products/processes a firm has at different stages of the innovation spectrum. A model is developed to regress this measure on several determinants of innovation. Significant drivers of innovation include: collaborative arrangements, transfer of intellectual property, firm size and age, whether the firm was in the agricultural or human health biotechnology sectors and whether the firm focused on development or commercialization. Generally speaking, these factors all contributed to firms having more products/processes either under development, undergoing clinical trials or regulatory approval, or on the market.
Group actions and invariants in algebras of generic matrices
Creators: name: Reichstein, Zinovy
name: Vonessen, Nikolaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16R30 (Primary) 14L30, 16K20, 16W22, 15A72 (Secondary)

description: We show that the fixed elements for the natural GL_m-action on the universal division algebra UD(m,n) of m generic n x n matrices form a division subalgebra of degree n, assuming n >= 3 and 2 <= m <= n^2 - 2. This allows us to describe the asymptotic behavior of the dimension of the space of SL_m-invariant homogeneous central polynomials p(X_1,...,X_m) for n x n matrices. Here the base field is assumed to be of characteristic zero.
description: 22 pages. Final version, to appear in Advances in Applied Mathematics (Amitai Regev issue). Theorem 1.3 has been strengthened
$H_0$ Ex Machina: Vacuum Metamorphosis and Beyond $H_0$
Creators: name: Di Valentino, Eleonora
name: Linder, Eric V.
name: Melchiorri, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We do not solve tensions with concordance cosmology; we do obtain $H_0\approx 74\,$km/s/Mpc from CMB+BAO+SN data in our model, but that is not the point. Discrepancies in Hubble constant values obtained by various astrophysical probes should not be viewed in isolation. While one can resolve at least some of the differences through either an early time transition or late time transition in the expansion rate, these introduce other changes. We advocate a holistic approach, using a wide variety of cosmic data, rather than focusing on one number, $H_0$. Vacuum metamorphosis, a late time transition physically motivated by quantum gravitational effects and with the same number of parameters as \lcdm, can successfully give a high $H_0$ value from cosmic microwave background data but fails when combined with multiple distance probes. We also explore the influence of spatial curvature, and of a conjoined analysis of cosmic expansion and growth.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures
Additional file 1 of Towards greater transparency in neurodevelopmental disorders research: use of a proposed workflow and propensity scores to facilitate selection of matched groups
Creators: name: Bang, Janet Y.
name: Sharda, Megha
name: Nadig, Aparna S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1:. Appendix. Template of the workflow.
ON THE PRICING OF CROSS CURRENCY FUTURES OPTIONS FOR CANADIAN GRAINS AND LIVESTOCK
Creators: name: Turvey, Calum G.
name: Yin, Shihong
name: Turvey, Calum G.
name: Yin, Shihong
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This paper explores the problem of pricing an option on the cash commodity in Canadian dollars when the commodity is priced relative to a U.S. futures market. A general options pricing model is developed that separates out the value of a quantos risk and basis risk. The paper uses daily data for cattle, corn and soybeans in Ontario, and the model is employed to price the option on the cash commodity with basis risk and the option on a quantos, without basis risk. The relationship between the pricing model and over-the-counter options and market revenue insurance is also discussed.
Magnetic structural effect in nonequilibrium defective solids
Creators: name: Chibirova, F. Kh.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scientific study of the effect of structural memory of nonequilibrium defective solids about the processing in magnetic field (the magnetic structural effect (MSE) was continued in this paper. The study was aimed to reveal the universal nature of the MSE, which was investigated in several new nonequilibrium defective solids. The results of investigation of the processing in the vortical magnetic field (PVMF) and its effect on the structure of the natural magnetite Fe3O4 and the SnO2 films were presented. The methods of Mössbauer and X-ray spectroscopy were used. The PVMF reduction of a defectiveness of Fe3O4 structure in the magnetite was detected. The MSE was also observed in the Mössbauer spectra of diamagnetic tin oxide SnO2 films after the PVMF. One of the possible explanations of the MSE was given in the paper.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables
Revascularisation of left main stem disease: a prospective analysis of modern practice and outcomes in a non-surgical centre
Creators: name: Coughlan, J J
name: Blake, Nial
name: Chongprasertpon, Napohn
name: Ibrahim, Munir
name: Arnous, Samer
name: Kiernan, Thomas J.
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Purpose In this study, we sought to prospectively analyse the management and long term outcomes associated with revascularisation of left main stem disease via percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in our centre.Methods This prospective study enrolled all patients with unprotected left main stem disease undergoing revascularisation from January 2013 to June 2014. Baseline characteristics, hospital presentation and hospital stay length were collected. Patients were followed up at 1, 2 and 3 years. Primary outcomes of Major Adverse Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Events (MACCE) were defined as death, Q wave myocardial infarction, stroke, repeat revascularisation and readmission within 30 days.Results 56 patients with significant left main stem coronary artery disease were identified from the clinical registry. 27 patients underwent PCI (median age 67.7) and 29 CABG (median age 68.6). PCI patients had a higher surgical risk as measured by mean euroSCORE (4.95±5.8 vs 3.11±3.85). At 3 years, total MACCE occurred in 29.6% of the PCI cohort and 27.5% of the CABG cohort. Death occurred in three patients in the PCI group within the first 6 months. Death occurred in one patient in the CABG group over 2 years postprocedure. Two patients in the CABG cohort presented with Transient Ischemic Attacks (TIAs) at 2-year follow-up. At 3 years, revascularisation occurred in three patients in the PCI cohort. There were no revascularisation events in the CABG cohort.Conclusions PCI with modern drug eluting stents is a reasonable treatment option for unprotected left main stem disease in a non surgical centre.
El coste de la distorsión informativa en situaciones de alerta por fenómenos potencialmente catastróficos
Creators: name: Moreno Muñoz, Miguel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: epistemología del riesgo
catástrofes naturales
ética de la comunicación

description: En este trabajo se analiza el proceso de distorsión informativa que comienza con la dejación de funciones en la supervisión técnica de las propuestas de intervención en zonas de riesgo, el lastre que suponen los conflictos de intereses en la esfera local y regional y la ausencia de mecanismos disuasorios para evitar la inacción de quienes tienen la responsabilidad de velar por la seguridad de la población y prevenir el impacto de eventos catastróficos en las propiedades y vidas de miles de potenciales afectados.
description: El texto se articula a partir de la comunicación presentada en el II Congreso Internacional «COMUNICACIÓN Y FILOSOFÍA», Priego de Córdoba, 22-23 noviembre 2019. Simposio 03 ("Posverdad: un fenómeno multidisciplinar"), ponencia S03-08. Organiza: Universidad de Sevilla. Resumen publicado en Ediciones Egregius ("Comunicación y Filosofía. Nuevas realidades, nuevos conceptos"), ISBN: 978-84-17270-95-7. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3551718
Additional file 2 of Understanding transmission and control of the pork tapeworm with CystiAgent: a spatially explicit agent-based model
Creators: name: Pray, Ian W.
name: Wakeland, Wayne
name: Pan, William
name: Lambert, William E.
name: Garcia, Hector H.
name: Gonzalez, Armando E.
name: O’Neal, Seth E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Text S2. Supplemental methods and results for Sobol’ variance decomposition. Figure S1. Graphical results of Sobol’ variance decomposition for crude and calibrated model versions on the medium-density village.
3D-Hydrogen Analysis of Ferromagnetic Microstructures in Proton Irradiated Graphite
Creators: name: Reichart, P.
name: Spemann, D.
name: Hauptner, A.
name: Bergmaier, A.
name: Hable, V.
name: Hertenberger, R.
name: Greubel, C.
name: Setzer, A.
name: Dollinger, G.
name: Jamieson, D. N.
name: Butz, T.
name: Esquinazi, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, magnetic order in highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) induced by proton broad- and microbeam irradiation was discovered. Theoretical models propose that hydrogen could play a major role in the magnetism mechanism. We analysed the hydrogen distribution of pristine as well as irradiated HOPG samples, which were implanted to micrometer-sized spots as well as extended areas with various doses of 2.25 MeV protons at the Leipzig microprobe LIPSION. For this we used the sensitive 3D hydrogen microscopy system at the Munich microprobe SNAKE. The background hydrogen level in pristine HOPG is determined to be less than 0.3 at-ppm. About 4.8e15 H-atoms/cm^2 are observed in the near-surface region (4 um depth resolution). The depth profiles of the implants show hydrogen located within a confined peak at the end of range, in agreement with SRIM Monte Carlo simulations, and no evidence of diffusion broadening along the c-axis. At sample with microspots, up to 40 at-% of the implanted hydrogen is not detected, providing support for lateral hydrogen diffusion.
description: accepted for publication in Nucl. Instr. and Meth
Additional file 3 of Understanding transmission and control of the pork tapeworm with CystiAgent: a spatially explicit agent-based model
Creators: name: Pray, Ian W.
name: Wakeland, Wayne
name: Pan, William
name: Lambert, William E.
name: Garcia, Hector H.
name: Gonzalez, Armando E.
name: O’Neal, Seth E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3: Figure S2. Latin hypercube sampling-partial rank correlation coefficient (LHS-PRCC) results of crude and calibrated models across low, medium, and high-density villages. Parameters with significant LHS-PRCC coefficients (P < 0.0015) are shown.
Optimization Landscape of Tucker Decomposition
Creators: name: Frandsen, Abraham
name: Ge, Rong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Tucker decomposition is a popular technique for many data analysis and machine learning applications. Finding a Tucker decomposition is a nonconvex optimization problem. As the scale of the problems increases, local search algorithms such as stochastic gradient descent have become popular in practice. In this paper, we characterize the optimization landscape of the Tucker decomposition problem. In particular, we show that if the tensor has an exact Tucker decomposition, for a standard nonconvex objective of Tucker decomposition, all local minima are also globally optimal. We also give a local search algorithm that can find an approximate local (and global) optimal solution in polynomial time.
Gravimagnetism, Causality, and Aberration of Gravity in the Gravitational Light-Ray Deflection Experiments
Creators: name: Kopeikin, Sergei M.
name: Fomalont, Edward B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experimental verification of the existence of gravimagnetic fields generated by currents of matter is important for a complete understanding and formulation of gravitational physics. Although the rotational `intrinsic' gravimagnetic field has been extensively studied and is now being measured by the Gravity Probe B, the `extrinsic' gravimagnetic field generated by the translational current of matter is less well studied. The present paper uses the post-Newtonian parametrized Einstein and light geodesics equations to show that the `extrinsic' gravimagnetic field generated by the translational current of matter can be measured by observing the relativistic time delay and/or light deflection caused by the moving mass. We prove that the `extrinsic' gravimagnetic field is generated by the relativistic effect of the aberration of the gravity force caused by the Lorentz transformation of the metric tensor and the Levi-Civita connection. We show that the Lorentz transformation of the gravity field variables is equivalent to the technique of the retarded Lienard-Wiechert gravitational potentials predicting that a light particle is deflected by gravitational field of a moving body from its retarded position so that both general-relativistic phenomena -- the aberration and the retardation of gravity -- are tightly connected and observing the aberration of gravity proves that gravity has a causal nature. We explain in this framework the 2002 deflection experiment of a quasar by Jupiter where the aberration of gravity from its orbital motion was measured with accuracy 20%. We describe a theory of VLBI experiment to measure the gravitational deflection of radio waves from a quasar by the Sun, as viewed by a moving observer from the geocentric frame, to improve the measurement accuracy of the aberration of gravity to a few percent.
description: 44 pages including references, 7 figures, 1 table; accepted for publication in General Relativity and Gravitation
Why Do Firms Strive to Be Green? Explaining the Adoption of Total Quality Environmental Management
Creators: name: Harrington, Donna Ramirez
name: Khanna, Madhu
name: Deltas, George
name: Harrington, Donna Ramirez
name: Khanna, Madhu
name: Deltas, George
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Firm Organizational Structure
subject: Regulatory and Market Pressures
subject: Toxic Pollution

description: Many firms are undertaking environmentally friendly organizational change by applying the philosophy of Total Quality Management with its emphasis on reducing waste and increasing efficiency to improve their management of pollution. This paper investigates the factors that lead to total quality environmental management (TQEM) by large firms. We find that internal considerations stemming from a firm's technical capability, size of operations, and volume of past emissions are positively associated with the TQEM adoption decision. The first two factors are proxies for the firm's costs of adopting TQEM while the third factor is related to the benefits from increasing efficiency and waste reduction, and thus proxies for internally generated demand for TQEM. In contrast, external market and regulatory considerations, such as the desire to improve a firm's image with customers and regulators, earning good-will with regulators and the anticipation of future regulations appear not be associated with the adoption of TQEM. All of the external factors are also better thought of as influencing the firm's benefits from (or demand for) TQEM. Thus, the paper's main conclusion is that the adoption of TQEM is driven mostly by supply-side factors, and that to the extent that demand-side factors are important, they too originate internally within the firm rather than externally from the market and government regulation.
Additional file 1 of Measuring the well-being of people with dementia: a conceptual scoping review
Creators: name: Clarke, Chris
name: Woods, Bob
name: Moniz-Cook, Esme
name: Mountain, Gail
name: Øksnebjerg, Laila
name: Chattat, Rabih
name: Diaz, Ana
name: Gove, Dianne
name: Myrra Vernooij-Dassen
name: Wolverson, Emma
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Summary Example of Search Strategy (at Step 2; Application of Well-Being Concepts to Dementia). Data: Summarised search results.
3D Simulations of MHD Jet Propagation Through Uniform and Stratified External Environments
Creators: name: O'Neill, S. M.
name: Tregillis, I. L.
name: Jones, T. W.
name: Ryu, Dongsu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a set of high-resolution 3D MHD simulations of steady light, supersonic jets, exploring the influence of jet Mach number and the ambient medium on jet propagation and energy deposition over long distances. The results are compared to simple self-similar scaling relations for the morphological evolution of jet-driven structures and to previously published 2D simulations. For this study we simulated the propagation of light jets with internal Mach numbers 3 and 12 to lengths exceeding 100 initial jet radii in both uniform and stratified atmospheres. The propagating jets asymptotically deposit approximately half of their energy flux as thermal energy in the ambient atmosphere, almost independent of jet Mach number or the external density gradient. Nearly one-quarter of the jet total energy flux goes directly into dissipative heating of the ICM, supporting arguments for effective feedback from AGNs to cluster media. The remaining energy resides primarily in the jet and cocoon structures. Despite having different shock distributions and magnetic field features, global trends in energy flow are similar among the different models. As expected the jets advance more rapidly through stratified atmospheres than uniform environments. The asymptotic head velocity in King-type atmospheres shows little or no deceleration. This contrasts with jets in uniform media with heads that are slowed as they propagate. This suggests that the energy deposited by jets of a given length and power depends strongly on the structure of the ambient medium. While our low-Mach jets are more easily disrupted, their cocoons obey evolutionary scaling relations similar to the high-Mach jets.
description: Accepted in ApJ, 32 pages, 18 figures, animations available from: http://www.msi.umn.edu/Projects/twj/newsite/projects/radiojets/movies/
Caro, Roberto: La homiletica Mariana Griega en el Siglo V
Creators: name: Davids, Adelbert
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 60 (1976): Oriens christianus, Band 60
THE ECONOMICS AND IMPLICATIONS OF EX-ANTE REGULATIONS IN ADDRESSING PROBLEMS OF MORAL HAZARD IN AGRICULTURAL INSURANCE
Creators: name: Islam, Zahirul
name: Hoy, Michael
name: Turvey, Calum G.
name: Islam, Zahirul
name: Hoy, Michael
name: Turvey, Calum G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Risk and Uncertainty

description: In this paper we develop a theoretical model of input supply by agricultural producers who purchase crop insurance and so who may engage in moral hazard. We show, through simulations, that a combination of partial insurance coverage combined with a minimum standard for input use may reduce substantially the problems associated with moral hazard. Partial insurance coverage creates an incentive for the producer to increase his use of inputs since the cost of lower output is partially borne by the producer, an outcome which would not be present under full coverage insurance. Partial monitoring of inputs, in the form of a minimum requirement for input use, has a direct effect on the reduction of moral hazard. We show that, rather than being substitute instruments, these are in fact complementary methods of encouraging a more efficient supply of inputs. Moreover, the minimum level of input use that must be required by regulation turns over to be substantially lower than the optimal or actual input level chosen by producers. Since the supply of inputs for crop production occurs in many stages over the pre-planting, planting and growing seasons, the fact that only a minimal input requirement is needed means that the cost of implementing such a regulation can be kept much lower than would be the case for a regulation of complete monitoring of input usage.
Additional file 1 of Effect of anaerobic phases length on denitrifying dephosphatation biocenosis – a case study of IFAS-MBSBBR
Creators: name: Gnida, Anna
name: Żubrowska-Sudoł, Monika
name: Sytek-Szmeichel, Katarzyna
name: Podedworna, Jolanta
name: Surmacz-Górska, Joanna
name: Marciocha, Dorota
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. PCR-DGGE profiles of investigated samples. M – marker, 1 – A1 AS, 2 – A2 AS, 3 – A3 AS, 4 – A4 AS, 5 – A2 B, 6 – A3 B, 7 – A4 B, X – samples not discussed in the paper; AS - activated sludge; B - biofilm; A1 - A4 – series’ name (see: Table 3 for explanation).
Deformed Quantum Mechanics and the Landau Problem
Creators: name: Gamboa, J.
name: Méndez, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A deformation of the Landau problem based on a modification of Fock algebra is considered. Systems with Hamiltonians f(H) where H is the Landau Hamiltonian in the lowest level are discussed. The case $f(H) = α H + b H^2$ is studied and it is shown that in this particular example, parameters of the problem can be fixed by using the quadratic Zeeman effect data and the Breit- Rabi formula. The proposed approach allows to solve exactly Landau-like families of problems not previously discussed in the literature.
description: 5 pages, no figures
Hamiltonian Cosmological Perturbation Theory
Creators: name: Barbashov, B. M.
name: Pervushin, V. N.
name: Zakharov, A. F.
name: Zinchuk, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Hamiltonian approach to cosmological perturbations in general relativity in finite space-time is developed, where a cosmological scale factor is identified with spatial averaging the metric determinant logarithm. This identification preserves the number of variables and leads to a cosmological perturbation theory with the scalar potential perturbations in contrast to the kinetic perturbations in the Lifshitz version which are responsible for the ``primordial power spectrum'' of CMB in the inflationary model. The Hamiltonian approach enables to explain this ``spectrum'' in terms of scale-invariant variables and to consider other topical problem of modern cosmology in the context of quantum cosmological creation of both universes and particles from the stable Bogoliubov vacuum.
description: 10 pages, text was changed according to the version accepted for publication in Physics Letters B
Sensitivity and complexity of adaptive models in human motor control
Creators: name: Lai, Emily J.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Motor adaptation is a form of learning in which the execution of movements is adjusted in a predictive manner in order to compensate for external perturbations. By examining the mechanisms underlying human movement, motor adaptation studies provide information that may increase our ability to diagnose and treat neurological injuries and inspire the design of dexterous robots. In this thesis I present the results of three psychophysical experiments, each of which investigates a particular feature of motor adaptation. The first experiment examined the sensitivity of the adaptive mechanism, in the context of a debate centring on the equilibrium point (EP) hypothesis of motor control. Specifically, it has been argued that results contradictory to the EP hypothesis reported in a study of movements made in a Coriolis field stem from voluntary corrections elicited by the magnitude and destabilizing nature of the field perturbations. That is, it has been suggested that a perturbation threshold exists, above which adaptive corrections are necessitated. I tested the existence of an adaptation threshold in normal speed reaches made in perturbation fields ranging in strength from small to significant levels. The results of the experiment demonstrated a substantial adaptation response over the entire range of field strengths examined, indicating that adaptive response does not display threshold behaviour. The second experiment examined motor adaptation to perturbation fields of varying spatial complexity. The results demonstrated that subjects were able to rapidly adapt to spatially complex fields using a combination of increased impedance and internal model formation. Adaptation aftereffects of both simple and complex form were detected, indicating that complex internal model representations may be gradually developed over the course of adaptation. Alternatively, simple aftereffects detected for the fields with the greatest degree of spatial complexity examined may result from an inability to faithfully represent them, due to the wide tuning functions of motor primitives. The third experiment examined motor adaptation to divergent force fields of spatially varying instability. I tested the hypothesis that subjects would modulate impedance during movement in a manner consistent with the stability characteristics of the reaching environments. The results demonstrated that subjects were able to at least partially adapt to these fields through increases in impedance. A trend showing impedance modulation was also detected, however modulation was matched to spatial changes in kinematics created by field instabilities, rather than to changes in field instabilities, per se. The overall results of the thesis indicate that the adaptive process is highly sensitive, elicited in a wide variety of perturbation environments, and achieves the 'best possible' result through the flexible combination of internal modeling and impedance modulation.
PARAMETRIC AND NON-PARAMETRIC CROP YIELD DISTRIBUTIONS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON ALL-RISK CROP INSURANCE PREMIUMS
Creators: name: Turvey, Calum G.
name: Zhao, Jinhua
name: Turvey, Calum G.
name: Zhao, Jinhua
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: crop insurance
subject: crop yield distributions
subject: kernel

description: Normal, gamma and beta distributions are applied to 609 crop yield histories of Ontario farmers to determine which, if any, best describe crop yields. In addition, a distribution free non-parametric kernel estimator was applied to the same data to determine its efficiency in premium estimation relative to the three parametric forms. Results showed that crop yields are most likely to be described by a beta distribution but only for 50% of those tested. In terms of efficiency in premium estimation, minimum error criteria supports use of a kernel estimator for premium setting. However, this gain in efficiency comes at the expense of added complexity.
From Little Bangs to the Big Bang
Creators: name: Ellis, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The `Little Bangs' made in particle collider experiments reproduce the conditions in the Big Bang when the age of the Universe was a fraction of a second. It is thought that matter was generated, the structures in the Universe were formed and cold dark matter froze out during this very early epoch when the equation of state of the Universe was dominated by the quark-gluon plasma (QGP). Future Little Bangs may reveal the mechanism of matter generation and the nature of cold dark matter. Knowledge of the QGP will be an essential ingredient in quantitative understanding of the very early Universe.
description: Invited Plenary Talk at the International Conference on the Physics and Astrophysics of the Quark-Gluon Plasma, Kolkata, Feb. 2005: 13 pages, 11 figures, uses IoP style files (included)
Enhancing the Large Hadron Collider Sensitivity to Charged and Neutral Broad Resonances of New Gauge Sectors
Creators: name: Fiaschi, Juri
name: Giuli, Francesco
name: Hautmann, Francesco
name: Moretti, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In scenarios beyond the Standard Model (BSM) characterized by charged ($W^\prime$) or neutral ($Z^\prime$) massive gauge bosons with large width, resonant mass searches are not very effective, so that one has to exploit the tails of the mass distributions measured at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). In this case, the LHC sensitivity to new physics signals is influenced significantly by systematic uncertainties associated with the Parton Distribution Functions (PDF), particularly in the valence quark sector relevant for the multi-TeV mass region. As a BSM framework featuring such conditions, we consider the 4-Dimensional Composite Higgs Model (4DCHM), in which multiple $W^\prime$ and $Z^\prime$ broad resonances are present, with strongly correlated properties. By using the QCD tool xFitter, we study the implications on $W^\prime$ and $Z^\prime$ searches in Drell-Yan (DY) lepton decay channels that follow from the reduction of PDF uncertainties obtained through combining high-statistics precision measurements of DY lepton-charge and forward-backward asymmetries. We find that the sensitivity to the BSM states is greatly increased with respect to the case of base PDF sets, thereby enabling one to set more stringent limits on (or indeed discover) such new particles, both independently and in correlated searches.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures
Mühlenberg, Ekkehard: Psalmenkommentare aus der Katenenüberlieferung ...
Creators: name: Davids, Adelbert
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 60 (1976): Oriens christianus, Band 60
Overview of Affine Quantum Gravity
Creators: name: Klauder, John R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The basic principles of Affine Quantum Gravity are presented in a pedagogical style with a limited number of equations.
description: 17 pages, invited contribution to IJGMMP