cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Exceptional policies for exceptional situations?
Creators: name: Bjørkhaug, Hilde
name: Brobakk, Jostein
Publisher: name: The International Journal of Sociology of Agriculture and Food
Year: 2024

description: When COVID-19 hit Norway and national borders were closed on 12 March 2020, farmers were ready to start preparations for a new growing season. Within a few weeks of the lockdown, the government implemented innovative economic measures to persuade unemployed Norwegians to work in agriculture, but this failed to produce the expected results. At the same time, it also created a narrative in which labour shortages were understood as a question of Norwegian food security and self-sufficiency. Migrant labour in agriculture was defined as ‘crucial’, and borders closed because of COVID-19 were opened for seasonal workers. In this article, we use the COVID-19 pandemic as a case for a critical discussion of the social position of migrant labour in agriculture and the use of exceptional measures in the agrifood sector. We consider how migrant workers came to be depicted by the government as necessary to Norwegian food security, to justify their exclusion from basic protection during the pandemic, thus contributing to their precarity as workers. Based on an analysis of media outputs, political decisions, and policies, as well as statements and publications from stakeholder groups, we show how the Norwegian government mirrored the sector’s economic and production interests and used the prospect of food insecurity as an argument for allowing exemptions from the seasonal immigration ban for workers in the 2020-2022 period. The discussion is based on conceptualisations from the literature on agricultural exceptionalism, food security, and self-sufficiency, as well as precarity among migrant labourers. 
description: The International Journal of Sociology of Agriculture and Food, Vol. 30 No. 1 (2024): Special Sections: (Post)Pandemic Food Systems & Emerging Agrifood Scholars
Dactylocythere prominula Hobbs & Walton 1977, new species
Creators: name: Williams, Bronwyn W.
name: Weaver, Patricia G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Ostracoda
Podocopida
Entocytheridae
Dactylocythere
Dactylocythere prominula

description: Dactylocythere prominula Hobbs & Walton, 1977
1977 Dactylocythere prominula new species.—Hobbs & Walton: 606–609, Fig. 3a–e (D, H, R, T).
1982 Dactylocythere prominula Hobbs and Walton. —Hobbs & Peters: 297, 299, 300, 301, 302, 303, 305, 308, 310, 311, 317 [by implication], Figs. 3 [by implication], 5 (A, C, D, H, K).
1991 Dt. prominula Hobbs and Walton, 1977.—Hobbs & Peters: 70 (R).
2014a Dactylocythere prominula Hobbs & Walton, 1977.—Mestre, Monrós & Mesquita-Joanes: 948 (C).
description: Published as part of Williams, Bronwyn W. & Weaver, Patricia G., 2018, A historical review of the taxonomy and classification of Entocytheridae (Crustacea: Ostracoda: Podocopida), pp. 1-129 in Zootaxa 4448 (1) on page 53, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4448.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1444492
Reducing Disparities among Korean-American Women
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: The focus of this proposal is the low mammography rescreening rate among Korean American (KA) women served by KHEIR through "Cancer Detection Programs: Every Woman Counts" (previously known as Breast Cancer Early Detection Program - BCEDP). This is a concern, given that all the evidence on the effectiveness of mammography in reducing mortality is based on repeat screening at regular intervals. An intervention that is developed for and with significant input from KA women will be culturally sensitive and tailored towards the specific needs of this group, and therefore most likely to be effective in increasing regular screening.

 We will explore misconceptions and barriers to regular screening among KA women, facts that may encourage women to get screened on a regular basis and how to best convey this information to KA women. Based on suggestions and feedback from KA women we will then develop one or more interventions and pilot test each intervention with 50 KA women who are due for rescreening. We will compare their rescreening rates with that of women who have not received any intervention (usual care), debrief women to find out if they perceived the intervention as helpful, and estimate how expensive it will be to implement the intervention on an ongoing basis.

 This project is innovative in its focus on low-income KA women, who are underserved and underscreened. Other innovative features are our focus on repeat screening, the utilization of an established and very successful outreach program, and the collaboration between a well established research program at UCLA and KHEIR, the largest KA nonprofit organization in California. Finally, our focus on intervention development is innovative, given that most studies among Asian women are limited to survey research.
Dactylocythere pughae Hobbs & Hobbs 1970, new species
Creators: name: Williams, Bronwyn W.
name: Weaver, Patricia G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Ostracoda
Podocopida
Entocytheridae
Dactylocythere
Dactylocythere pughae

description: Dactylocythere pughae Hobbs & Hobbs, 1970
1970 Dactylocythere pughae, new species.—Hobbs & Hobbs: 4, 6, 8, 10–11, 16, Fig. 4a–d (A, D, H, K, R, T).
1971 D. pughae Hobbs and Hobbs. —Hart, D.G. & Hart: 110 (R).
1974 Dactylocythere pughae (Hobbs and Hobbs, 1970).—Hart & Hart: 46, 61, 67, 195, 225, Pl. XIX Figs. 1 –5, Pl. XLIX, erroneous authority format (D, H, K, R, T).
1975 Dactylocythere pughae Hobbs & Hobbs, 1970.—Hart & Hart: 22 (C, D, H).
1977 Dt. pughae Hobbs and Hobbs (1970:10).—Hobbs & Walton: 603 (R).
2014a Dactylocythere pughae (Hobbs & Hobbs, 1970).—Mestre, Monrós & Mesquita-Joanes: 948, erroneous authority format (C).
description: Published as part of Williams, Bronwyn W. & Weaver, Patricia G., 2018, A historical review of the taxonomy and classification of Entocytheridae (Crustacea: Ostracoda: Podocopida), pp. 1-129 in Zootaxa 4448 (1) on page 53, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4448.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1444492
Three-Dimensional Modeling of Breast Cancer Progression
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: The mammary gland is a highly heterogeneous organ. The activity and function of its cells vary between different parts of the gland and as a function of the particular developmental stage. The responsiveness of the cells to external signals, transmitted through hormones and growth factors, is at the very core of this functional diversity.

 Breast cancer, a disease of the mammary epithelial cells, is also heterogeneous in its cellular composition. It is our working hypothesis that both the position within the mammary gland and the developmental status play an important role in determining which cells become tumorgenic. Therefore we hypothesize that the timing and locus of breast cancer initiation is determined by the hormone responsiveness of the cells being targeted by the carcinogenic event, and so it is the pattern of growth of the disease. Therefore, we want know which parts of the gland and which developmental stages are more likely to develop the disease. This would put us in a better position to ask whether the cells in those parts/stages display a particular response to the external hormonal and growth signaling.

 We will take a quantitative look at the evolving three-dimensional organization and cellular composition (based on hormone responsiveness) of the mammary gland before and after the onset of breast cancer. This involves using a computerized microscopy system to image and reconstruct at multiples level of resolution the mammary gland of engineered (i.e., transgenic) mice. These transgenic mice overexpress an oncogene (c-neu, the mouse variant of the human erbB2) and as a consequence develop long latency mammary tumors which mimic their human counterparts. This fact makes them a perfect model of cancer initiation and progression. We will stage these animals and periodically extract and study the morphology and characteristics of their mammary glands. At the lowest resolution, we will study where in the mammary gland the tumors appear and whether tumor onset is preceded by impaired or abnormal mammary gland development. At the highest level of resolution, we will plot and quantify the cell-by-cell presence and co-localization of key proteins involved in breast cancer, such as the progesterone receptor, estrogen receptor, and the c-neu oncogene.

 The end result will be comparable to producing a progressive "atlas" of breast cancer that combines tissue and microscopic morphology along with the distribution of critical breast cancer markers to visualize the disease. We expect that this model of cancer progression will help understanding the pathogenesis and progression of erbB2 positive human cancers, which are normally associated with a very poor prognosis. This will eventually help targeting or repairing the molecular mechanisms that are responsible for the origin and growth of these tumors.
Dactylocythere pygidion Hobbs & Peters 1991, new species
Creators: name: Williams, Bronwyn W.
name: Weaver, Patricia G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Ostracoda
Podocopida
Entocytheridae
Dactylocythere
Dactylocythere pygidion

description: Dactylocythere pygidion Hobbs & Peters, 1991
1991 Dactylocythere pygidion new species.—Hobbs & Peters: 66–67, 70, 71, Fig. 2d–f (A, D, H, R, T).
2014a Dactylocythere pygidion Hobbs & Peters, 1991.—Mestre, Monrós & Mesquita-Joanes: 948 (C).
description: Published as part of Williams, Bronwyn W. & Weaver, Patricia G., 2018, A historical review of the taxonomy and classification of Entocytheridae (Crustacea: Ostracoda: Podocopida), pp. 1-129 in Zootaxa 4448 (1) on page 53, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4448.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1444492
Targets of B Cell Infiltrate in Medullary Breast Cancer
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Medullary breast cancer, a subtype of human breast cancers that is characterized by white blood cell infiltrates in the tumor periphery, has been found to have a favorable prognosis as compared to other types of breast cancers at a similar disease stage. The presence of these white blood cells in the tumor has been suggested as a reason for the better prognosis. It is thus of great interest to identify the target of these white cells since this may have important implications for detection and treatment, not only for medullary breast cancers, but breast cancers in general. Previous studies indicate that the T white blood cells are not driving the immune response. The essence of the project is to evaluate the role of the B white blood cell infiltrates in medullary breast cancer. The proposal takes advantage of recently developed molecular techniques for the production of human monoclonal antibodies, which are secreted by the white cells, and identification of the target of these antibodies (the antigens). Preliminary results indicate that a few antibodies dominate the tumor-infiltrating B white blood cell response.

 There are several goals for this study. The first is to identify human antibodies in the tumor-infiltrate of medullary breast cancer capable of binding to the cancer cells. The second is to characterize these antibodies by different techniques. The third is to identify the breast cancer component that is the target of these antibodies (by cDNA cloning) and determine where it is located in the cell and throughout the body. It is hoped that the results from this study will influence how breast cancer tumor vaccines are designed.
Molecular Analysis of BRCA1 Function
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: A gene called BRCA1 normally acts to prevent breast and ovarian cancer. Individuals with mutations (genetic changes) in this gene have a very high risk of breast cancer, as well as ovarian cancer. The BRCA1 gene was isolated two years ago, which allows for study of the BRCA1 protein that the gene encodes. Currently, it is not known exactly how BRCA1 prevents cancer. It appears to act by controlling cell growth in breast tissue, and in the ovaries, since uncontrolled cell growth results in cancer. I have shown that the BRCA1 protein may be a transcription factor, which is a type of protein that regulates how much of certain other proteins are made. Since BRCA1 is such an important gene in breast cancer, it is important to know how it works. To show that BRCA1 works as a transcription factor, I need to show that this function is important for BRCA1 to control cell growth. I will do this by using cells grown in flasks and making changes to BRCA1 that affect its function as a transcription factor. I will then ask whether these changes also affect how BRCA1 controls cell growth. If BRCA1 is really a transcription factor, then changes that make it a worse transcription factor should also make it worse at controlling cell growth. Similarly, changes that make BRCA1 a better transcription factor should make it better at limiting cell growth. I will also try to identify which proteins might be regulated by BRCA1, since these genes may also be important for preventing breast cancer.
Dactylocythere runki Hart 1962, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Williams, Bronwyn W.
name: Weaver, Patricia G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Ostracoda
Podocopida
Entocytheridae
Dactylocythere
Dactylocythere runki

description: * Dactylocythere runki (Hobbs, 1955) Hart, 1962
1955 Entocythere runki sp. nov. —Hobbs: 326, 327, 330–332, Figs. 3, 4, 10 (D, H, R, T).
1958 E. runki Hobbs 1955.—Ferguson: 198 (C).
1959 E. runki Hobbs (1955).—Crawford: 162, 167 (C, R).
1960 E. runki Hobbs (1955).—Hobbs & Walton: 17, 19, 22, 23 (R).
1961 E. runki Hobbs (1955).—Crawford: 244 (R).
1961 E. runki.— Hobbs & Walton, 1961: 379, 381 (R).
1962 E. runki Hobbs (1955).— Hobbs & Walton, 1962: 46 (R).
1962 Dactylocythere runki (Hobbs, 1955) new combination.—Hart: 122 [as E. runki], 129, 130, 145, Fig. 4 (C, D, T).
1963b D. runki (Hobbs, 1955).—Hobbs & Walton: 460 (R).
1965a Dactylocythere runki (Hobbs, 1955).—Hart: 257 (R).
1966a Dactylocythere runki (Hobbs, 1955).—Hart & Hart: 2 (R).
1966 D. runki (Hobbs, 1955).—Hobbs & Walton: 3, 4 (R).
1967 D. runki (Hobbs, 1955, p. 330).—Hobbs: 5, 9 (K, R).
1970 D. runki (Hobbs, 1955:330).—Hobbs & Hobbs: 5 [as Entocythere runki Hobbs, 1955:330], 7 (K).
1970 Dt. runki (Hobbs, 1955: 330).—Hobbs & Walton: 853 (R, T).
1971 D. runki (Hobbs, 1955).—Hobbs III: 143 (R).
1974 Dactylocythere runki (Hobbs, 1955).—Hart & Hart: 15 [and as E. runki], 45 [as Entocythere runki], 47, 48, 51, 52, 53, 55, 63, 65, 66, 67–68, 75, 195, 225, Pl. XIX Figs. 6–9, Pl. XLIX (C, D, H, K, R, T).
1975 Dactylocythere runki (Hobbs, 1955).—Hart & Hart: 15 [as Entocythere runki], 22–23 (C, D, H).
1977 Dactylocythere runki (Hobbs).—Hobbs & Peters, 1977: iii, 2 [and as E. runki], 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 21, 25 [as Entocythere runki], 26, 29, 30, 36, 38–40, 43, 44, 45, 46, 73, Fig. 18a–f, Map 12 (A, C, D, H, K, T).
2014a Dactylocythere runki (Hobbs, 1955).—Mestre, Monrós & Mesquita-Joanes: 948 (C).
description: Published as part of Williams, Bronwyn W. & Weaver, Patricia G., 2018, A historical review of the taxonomy and classification of Entocytheridae (Crustacea: Ostracoda: Podocopida), pp. 1-129 in Zootaxa 4448 (1) on pages 53-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4448.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1444492
Novel Anti-vascular Agents for Breast Cancer Therapy
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Solid human tumors, such as breast cancers, cannot continue growing without a network of blood vessels derived from normal tissue by the process of angiogenesis to supply oxygen and nutrients and to remove waste products. A crisis in the development of a breast tumor occurs when it reaches a size that overwhelms the ability of its blood supply to support further growth. At this point, stressful internal microenvironments develop within the tumor. This localized stress can cause the rise of new and more aggressive cancer cells, and the generation of molecular signals necessary for the growth of new blood vessels to support further tumor growth. Thus, angiogenesis is essential for the survival and further progression of breast cancers to full malignancy. However, the new tumor-associated blood vessel networks have properties very different from blood vessels formed in normal tissues. The unique properties of this tumor-associated vascular lining makes it an attractive target for drug therapy. Our approach targets normal blood vessel endothelial cells within a tumor. Importantly, these cells have not undergone the profound genetic alterations and variability characteristic of tumor cells, and they might be expected to be susceptible to drug treatment.

 Recent research has shown that tumor blood vessels can be targeted for disruption or collapse by drugs that disturb the formation of microtubules, structures that are found in all cells and are essential for growth, proliferation, and other vital processes. Vinblastine and paclitaxel (Taxol) are examples of anticancer drugs that damage microtubules in proliferating tumor and vascular cells, but both have toxic side effects. We have identified a novel anti-microtubule drug (BTO-956) that inhibits tumor cell proliferation and suppresses the growth of human breast and ovarian carcinoma implants in mice. BTO-956 has remarkably little normal tissue toxicity, even at very high orally administered doses. Preliminary studies show that our new compound also inhibits the proliferation of human blood vessel cells (i.e., endothelial cells) and antagonizes the formation of new blood vessels in a chicken embryo assay. Taken together, these findings indicate that our compound is both a safe and novel inhibitor of blood vessel growth for treating breast cancer. Our project will investigate the effectiveness of BTO-956 in inhibiting proliferating blood vessel cells using cell culture and animal models of angiogenesis and breast tumor development. In addition, we will explore new ways of formulating and delivering the drug to enhance its potency in breast carcinomas. Such pre-clinical information is essential for determining the value of BTO-956 or its derivatives as well-tolerated experimental drugs for breast cancer therapy, possibly in combination with other therapeutic agents.
Dactylocythere sandbergi Hart, D. G & Hart 1971, new species
Creators: name: Williams, Bronwyn W.
name: Weaver, Patricia G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Ostracoda
Podocopida
Entocytheridae
Dactylocythere
Dactylocythere sandbergi

description: Dactylocythere sandbergi Hart & Hart, 1971
1971 Dactylocythere sandbergi, new species.—Hart, D.G. & Hart: 112–113, 121–122, 125, Figs. 6a–c, d–f, 13 (A, D, H, R, T).
1974 Dactylocythere sandbergi (Hart and Hart, 1971).—Hart & Hart: 47, 68–69, 195, 224, Pl. XIX Figs. 10–15, Pl. XLVIII, erroneous authority format (D, H, K, R, T).
1975 Dactylocythere sandbergi Hart & Hart, 1971.—Hart & Hart: 23 (C, D, H).
2014a Dactylocythere sandbergi (Hart & Hart, 1971).—Mestre, Monrós & Mesquita-Joanes: 948, erroneous authority format (C).
description: Published as part of Williams, Bronwyn W. & Weaver, Patricia G., 2018, A historical review of the taxonomy and classification of Entocytheridae (Crustacea: Ostracoda: Podocopida), pp. 1-129 in Zootaxa 4448 (1) on page 54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4448.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1444492
GATA-3 Expression in Hormone Responsive Breast Cancer
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: The female hormone, estrogen, plays an important role in normal breast development and in the development of breast cancer in women. For reasons that are not entirely clear, some cancers retain their ability to respond to estrogen. Under these conditions the anti-estrogen, tamoxifen, has been shown to reduce the growth and spread of these cancers. The ability of cancers to response to tamoxifen is related to the presence of a protein in the cancer cells known as estrogen receptor (ER). ER is a protein that is present inside the cell of some breast cancers and which controls the ability of that cell to grow in the presence of estrogen or stop growing in the presence of anti-estrogens such as tamoxifen. When patients are treated with tamoxifen for long periods of time, cancer cells will develop that no longer respond to tamoxifen. Many of these cancers still make ER, which leads us to conclude that something in addition to ER is necessary for tamoxifen to work in a clinical setting. We have recently found another protein called GATA-3, which is made in almost all breast cancers that make ER. We know from other studies that GATA-type proteins are able to bind to ER, thereby altering the function of these two proteins. Drugs such as tamoxifen can break apart GATA and ER thus allowing the GATA protein to turn on other genes in side the cell. Our novel finding, therefore, suggests a new mechanism of tamoxifen action and offers the possibility of understanding why some patient’s tumors no longer respond to tamoxifen.

 The experiments planned will allow us to understand what GATA-3 is doing in breast cancer cells and how tamoxifen alters the function of GATA-3. We know from other studies that GATA-3 turns other genes on inside cells. We will first define which genes are regulated by GATA-3 in a hormone responsive breast cancer cell line. Genes controlled by GATA-3 will be found by comparing genes that are turned on when GATA-3 is put into cells and by finding genes that are turned off when GATA-3 is eliminated. We will then determine if the genes controlled by GATA-3 can be turned on and off with the drug tamoxifen. We expect to show that the ability to switch genes on and off with tamoxifen or estrogen requires both ER and GATA-3 proteins. Ultimately, these experiments may provide a way to help us predict which women will be helped by tamoxifen treatment and may offer new approaches to treat women whose tumors become resistant to tamoxifen therapy.
Fate Mapping of Progesterone Receptor Positive Breast Cells
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Epidemiological studies have clearly established that, excluding the genetic background, reproductive history is an important and consistent "natural" risk factor associated with breast cancer. In accordance with this, experimental models have clearly established that the female sex steroids, estrogen and progesterone, are essential for both the development of the normal breast and the induction of breast cancer. It is also well established that cancers most often arise from the undifferentiated structures present most frequently in the breast of young females who have never been pregnant.

 The breast is composed of many cell types including the epithelial cells, which are the targets for normal growth and are the ones most likely to give rise to cancers. In a normal breast, the epithelial cells grow in response to progesterone e.g. during the progesterone dominant phase of the menstrual cycle and pregnancy. More importantly, it is during pregnancy that the undifferentiated structures of the breast are converted to their differentiated counterparts. Using genetically engineered mice, our laboratory has direct proof that this conversion of undifferentiated structures to differentiated structures requires progesterone and progesterone receptors, the protein through which progesterone action is mediated. We have also found that epithelial cells that contain the progesterone receptor are a distinct subset. Thus, we believe that the loss of progesterone receptor positive cells, or a loss in the ability of progesterone receptor to convert undifferentiated cells to a differentiated state, increases the sub-population of cells at risk for breast cancer. Our long-term objective, therefore, is to follow the fate of progesterone receptor positive cells as they undergo normal development during pregnancy and when they are exposed to cancer risk. For this, we need to create animal experimental models in which we can follow the fate of epithelial cells containing progesterone receptor and their negative counterparts on a cell by cell basis in a heritable manner. At present, such a system does not exist. Therefore, the goal of our project is to create genetically engineered mice that can be used to meet the long-term objectives of this grant.
Dactylocythere scissura Hobbs & Walton 1975, new species
Creators: name: Williams, Bronwyn W.
name: Weaver, Patricia G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Ostracoda
Podocopida
Entocytheridae
Dactylocythere
Dactylocythere scissura

description: Dactylocythere scissura Hobbs & Walton, 1975
1975 Dactylocythere scissura new species.—Hobbs & Walton: 14, 15–18, Fig. 2g –k (D, H, K, R, T).
2014a Dactylocythere scissura Hobbs & Walton, 1975.—Mestre, Monrós & Mesquita-Joanes: 948 (C).
Dactylocythere scotos Norden & Norden, 1985: 627 –629, Fig. 1a–e.
1985 Dactylocythere scotos new species.—Norden & Norden: 627–629, Fig. 1a–e. (D, H, R, T).
2014a Dactylocythere scotos Norden & Norden. —Mestre, Monrós & Mesquita-Joanes: 931, 948 (C).
description: Published as part of Williams, Bronwyn W. & Weaver, Patricia G., 2018, A historical review of the taxonomy and classification of Entocytheridae (Crustacea: Ostracoda: Podocopida), pp. 1-129 in Zootaxa 4448 (1) on page 54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4448.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1444492
Magnetic Resonance Measurement of Breast Tissue Perfusion
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Early detection of malignant (cancerous) tumors and discrimination from benign (non-cancerous) tumors can reduce human and economic costs by reducing the number of missed malignant breast tumors and reducing the number of biopsies performed on benign tumors. The specific aim of the project is to develop and test a new noninvasive Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) technique for measurement of blood flow through breast tumors. MRI (a technique based on the interaction of hydrogen protons with magnetic fields) has been proposed as a screening tool and our technique would make such screening more specific for malignant tumors. Our hypothesis is that malignant tumors can be distinguished from benign tumors by measurement of the higher blood flow through the malignant tumors. We plan to establish a definitive diagnosis via tissue biopsy which will be made in all subjects and will establish the technique's potential for early detection and diagnosis of malignant tumors.

 Blood flow through tissue is referred to as tissue perfusion and measured in milliliters per minute per gram of tissue. The proposed MRI technique is referred to as arterial spin-tagging, first reported in 1992 for brain tissue perfusion. In this technique, flowing blood, prior to entering the tumor, is magnetically labeled and observed by imaging within the tumor. Greater flow into the tumor causes greater image intensity changes compared to images obtained without magnetic labeling. Enhanced angiogenesis (growth of blood vessels) of malignant tumors is the reason for the increased flow, and appears to be a reliable discriminator of benign versus malignant tissue. Arterial spin tagging techniques will show MRI signal enhancement in malignant tumors similar to that shown in dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI, in which signal enhancement results from passage and accumulation of contrast material. Arterial spin-tagging offers greater sensitivity and higher reliability because it can be applied repeatedly to systematically investigate the tissue parameters. It is not limited to observations over a single pass.

 The technique may also reduce the incidence of false-negative diagnoses by revealing high tissue blood flow in small tumors that are not observable with standard MRI or other modalities. The technique may have an important role in detection of small tumors at multiple distinct locations that change management. In larger tumors, this technique may be useful to reveal optimal biopsy sites, which will reduce the number of false-negative biopsies and the total number of negative biopsies.
Dactylocythere speira Hart, D. G. & Hart 1971, new species
Creators: name: Williams, Bronwyn W.
name: Weaver, Patricia G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Ostracoda
Podocopida
Entocytheridae
Dactylocythere
Dactylocythere speira

description: Dactylocythere speira Hart & Hart, 1971
1971 Dactylocythere speira, new species.—Hart, D.G. & Hart: 113–114, 122, 125, Figs. 7a–e, 13 (A D, H, R, T).
1974 Dactylocythere speira (Hart and Hart, 1971).—Hart & Hart: 47, 69, 196, 225, Pl. XX Figs. 1 –5, Pl. XLIX, erroneous authority format (D, H, K, R, T).
1975 Dactylocythere speira Hart & Hart, 1971.—Hart & Hart: 23 (C, D, H).
1976 Dt. speira Hart and Hart (1971:113).—Hobbs & Walton: 403 (A, D, H, R).
1977 Dt. speira Hart and Hart (1971:113).—Hobbs & Walton: 606 (A, D, H).
2014a Dactylocythere speira (Hart & Hart, 1971).—Mestre, Monrós & Mesquita-Joanes: 948, erroneous authority format (C).
description: Published as part of Williams, Bronwyn W. & Weaver, Patricia G., 2018, A historical review of the taxonomy and classification of Entocytheridae (Crustacea: Ostracoda: Podocopida), pp. 1-129 in Zootaxa 4448 (1) on page 54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4448.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1444492
The evolution of root hydraulic traits in wheat over 100 years of breeding
Creators: name: Baca Cabrera, Juan C.
name: Vanderborght, Jan
name: Boursiac, Yann
name: Behrend, Dominik
name: Gaiser, Thomas
name: Nguyen, Thuy Huu
name: Lobet, Guillaume
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2024

description: doi:10.1101/2024.10.10.617660
Dactylocythere spinata Hobbs & Walton 1970, new species
Creators: name: Williams, Bronwyn W.
name: Weaver, Patricia G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Ostracoda
Podocopida
Entocytheridae
Dactylocythere
Dactylocythere spinata

description: Dactylocythere spinata Hobbs & Walton, 1970
1970 Dactylocythere spinata new species.—Hobbs & Walton: 851, 853, 854, 855, 856, 857, 858, 860–862, Figs. 2g –h, 3g –h (A, D, H, R, T).
1970 D. spinata Hobbs and Walton, 1970:860.—Hobbs & Hobbs: 7 (K).
1971 D. spinata Hobbs and Walton, 1970.—Hobbs III: 143 (R).
1974 Dactylocythere spinata (Hobbs and Walton, 1970).—Hart & Hart: 47, 52, 57, 69–70, 196, 224, Pl. XX Figs. 6–9, Pl. XLVIII, erroneous authority format (D, H, K, R, T).
1975 Dactylocythere spinata Hobbs & Walton, 1970.—Hart & Hart: 23 (C, D, H).
1975 Dactylocythere spinata Hobbs & Walton, 1970.—Hobbs & Walton, 10, 11 [by implication], 19 (A, D, H).
1976 Dactylocythere spinata Hobbs and Walton (1970).—Hobbs & Walton: 396, 403 (A, D, H).
1977 Dactylocythere spinata.—Norden: 493 (A).
2014a Dactylocythere spinata (Hobbs & Walton, 1970).—Mestre, Monrós & Mesquita-Joanes: 948, erroneous authority format (C).
description: Published as part of Williams, Bronwyn W. & Weaver, Patricia G., 2018, A historical review of the taxonomy and classification of Entocytheridae (Crustacea: Ostracoda: Podocopida), pp. 1-129 in Zootaxa 4448 (1) on page 54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4448.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1444492
Securing smart campuses: a holistic multi-layer approach
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: The vision of this proposal is to build security for ``smart campuses", that present a microcosm of smart cities and more generally of cyberphysical systems of systems (CPSS). Campuses, including academic, national labs or enterprises, will increasingly integrate sensing, computation, and communication in their physical environment to control operation and efficiently serve their communities. Campuses already consist of multiple interacting layers and systems, ranging from human mobility & crowdsourcing, to infrastructure such as building HVAC systems, to transportation, to medical and emergency services, to computing and communication infrastructure, and to monitoring infrastructure such as cameras; in the future they are expected to integrate other services including automated transportation, camera-equipped monitoring drones etc. Leveraging interactions among these layers with data-driven learning and decision loops can offer significant benefits; for instance in terms of saving energy, reducing operating and maintenance costs and enabling the increase of campus population density that can be comfortably accommodated. However, to successfully move towards increased integration and automation, we need to make safety, security and privacy a core design component. This proposal will develop a holistic framework to enhance the security, privacy and safety of campus operation, building on our team's expertise in CPS security, information & wireless security, software & hardware security and privacy-preserving machine learning. Our work will span a range of goals from establishing vigilance across many attack surfaces, improving the safety of legacy systems and establishing principles of security for emerging systems, leveraging crowdsourcing to achieve low cost sensing while preserving personal privacy, securing Internet-of-Things (IoT) firmware, addressing attacks that exploit the interaction between the cyber and physical world, and expanding the availability of emergency communication in the case of incidents. As part of the experimental validation of the proposed research, we will leverage the rich dataset collected by LANL on HVAC systems, as well as access to the LANL testbed and unclassified high-performance computing resources. Our work will help campuses provide safety guarantees and be better prepared for adversarial and accidental incidents.
Dactylocythere spinescens Hobbs & Walton 1977, new species
Creators: name: Williams, Bronwyn W.
name: Weaver, Patricia G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Ostracoda
Podocopida
Entocytheridae
Dactylocythere
Dactylocythere spinescens

description: Dactylocythere spinescens Hobbs & Walton, 1977
1977 Dactylocythere spinescens new species.—Hobbs & Walton: 609–612, Fig. 4a–e (A, D, H, R, T).
2014a Dactylocythere spinescens Hobbs & Walton, 1977.—Mestre, Monrós & Mesquita-Joanes: 948 (C).
description: Published as part of Williams, Bronwyn W. & Weaver, Patricia G., 2018, A historical review of the taxonomy and classification of Entocytheridae (Crustacea: Ostracoda: Podocopida), pp. 1-129 in Zootaxa 4448 (1) on page 55, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4448.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1444492
Macrophage targeting using nanotechnology for HIV therapy
Creators: name: Chen, Pei-Ming
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: Macrophages (MΦ) are involved in a number of pathological conditions, such as HIV infection/AIDS, tuberculosis, tumor development and atherosclerosis. The macrophage mannose receptor (MR) is expressed on the cell surface of tissue MΦ where it mediates the internalization of glycoproteins and glycoconjugates via both the endocytic and phagocytic pathways. The theme of the current study is to develop a nano-sized therapeutic delivery system that targets the MΦ MR. A series of mannosylated NCs were designed and synthesized to systematically evaluate the effects of mannose copy number, mannose ligand spacing and poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) size on NC uptake via MR. Targeted nanocarriers (NCs) bearing mannose moieties were evaluated for targeting in MΦ cell lines. The first study demonstrated three important structural requirements for optimal mannose-targeted NC cellular uptake - two copies of the targeting ligand mannose were required, a 46.5 Å PEG spacer in between ligands was optimal and 12 kDa PEG size. Furthermore, the effect of MΦ polarization on NC uptake was also investigated. Rat peritoneal MΦs were polarized into classically activated (M1) and alternatively activated (M2a) phenotypes. The Western blot results showed the highest expression of MR on the M2a phenotype. Using confocal microscopy and a fluorescence microscope, 12-fold higher uptake of NC (2 copy mannose) was observed in M2aMΦ as compared to M1MΦ, suggesting great potential in selective MΦ cellular targeting. Drug-loaded NCs were prepared using a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (AZT) or a protease inhibitor (RTV) conjugated to a NC with 2 copies of mannose linked by a PEG12 (46.5 Å) spacer.  Anti-HIV activities of the drug conjugated NCs were assessed using U937/HIV-2MS cells and HIV-1 infected human monocyte derived MΦs and were based on a reduction in viral matrix protein p24 production. The results showed significant p24 reduction with EC50’s ranging from 5.7 uM to 25 uM indicating significant anti-HIV activity. Taken together, the studies presented in this dissertation identified the optimum configuration of drug loaded NCs for targeting the MΦ MR. Furthermore, the positive anti-HIV activities suggest that the NC approach holds great promise for receptor targeted drug delivery to HIV-infected MΦs.
Banal nationalism and soap opera
Creators: name: Chakrabarti, Santanu
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: As Michael Billig (1995) argues, nationalism does not die with the establishment of relatively stable nation states- it changes from a ‘hot’ to a ‘banal’ form. In this multidisciplinary and multiperspectival study, I study nationalism (specifically Hindu nationalism or Hindutva) in its banal form within popular culture, specifically prime time television soap operas colloquially known as the K-serials. Through a conjunctural analysis, I show how banal Hindu nationalism played out on the K-serials in multiple ways. That is, these serials had an important role in the ongoing project of remaking of the Indian nation under the ideology of Hindutva, creating not just a Hindu nation but a Brahminical nation.     This dissertation makes a number of contributions to different bodies of research. One, it examines how the changes in the political economy impact the way audiences are rounded up and how that influences the content of the soaps. I show how the structural limitations of the audience measurement system and the changing focus on the ‘bottom of the pyramid’ consumer influenced the arrival of Hindutva inflected content on television. (I show also, in passing, how the currency of television, TRPs, can themselves be gendered). Two, I show how the debate over secularism and religious nationalism in the political sphere get reflected in the cultural sphere, especially in texts that less obviously have anything to do with national politics. Three, I show how the agency and empowerment that other scholars have read into these soaps is derived largely from the discourses of the women’s wing of Hindu nationalism, and is therefore highly problematic, ahistorical, and limiting. Four, I show how the very structure of soaps, especially its ‘open’ ness, periodicity and everydayness can play a significant role in spreading banal nationalism. Five, I show how the operations of banal Hindutva disrupt the relationship between folk and Sanskritic practices, contributing to the homogenizing of Hinduism. And finally, I have shown how by going beyond the texts themselves, we find a bridge between the studies of soaps that look at the micropolitics of gender and those that look at macropolitics of national identity.
Aphrophora alni
Creators: name: Mozaffarian, Fariba
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Aphrophoridae
Aphrophora
Aphrophora alni

description: Aphrophora alni (Fallen, 1805) (Figs 20 and 21a–b)
Recorded damage and economic importance in the orchards of Iran: Not recorded.
Recorded damage in the orchards of other parts of the world: A potential vector for the bacterium Xylella fastidiosa which infests olive trees in New Zealand (Anonymous 2013).
Recorded distribution in Iran: North and centre (Mozaffarian & Wilson 2015).
Conclusion: The role of the species in transmitting Xylella fastidiosa needs to be evaluated in Iran.
description: Published as part of Mozaffarian, Fariba, 2018, An Identification key to the species of Auchenorrhyncha of Iranian fauna recorded as pests in orchards and a review on the pest status of the species, pp. 475-501 in Zootaxa 4420 (4) on page 484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4420.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/1455385
Dactylocythere steevesi Hart 1962, new species
Creators: name: Williams, Bronwyn W.
name: Weaver, Patricia G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Ostracoda
Podocopida
Entocytheridae
Dactylocythere
Dactylocythere steevesi

description: Dactylocythere steevesi (Hart & Hobbs, 1961) Hart, 1962
1961a Entocythere steevesi new species.—Hart & Hobbs: 174, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 184, Figs. 18–20 (A, D, H, K, R, T).
1962 Dactylocythere steevesi (Hart and Hobbs) new combination.—Hart: 131 (C, D, T).
1963b D. steevesi (Hart and Hobbs, 1961).—Hobbs & Walton: 460 (R).
1965 Dactylocythere steevesi.—Bedinger & Hobbs: 94, by implication only (H, D).
1966a D. steevesi (Hart and Hobbs, 1961).—Hart & Hart: 5, 9 (A).
1966 D. steevesi (Hart and Hobbs, 1961).—Hobbs & Walton: 4 (R).
1967 steevesi (Hart and Hobbs, 1961, p. 180).—Hobbs: 5 (K).
1968 D. steevesi (Hart and Hobbs, 1961).—Ferguson: 501 (C, D).
1969a D. steevesi (Hart and Hobbs, 1961).—Hart & Hart: 187 (E).
1970 D. steevesi (Hart and Hobbs, 1961:180).—Hobbs & Hobbs: 7 (K).
1971 D. steevesi (Hart and Hobbs).—Hart, D.G. & Hart: 118 (A).
1971 D. steevesi (Hart and Hobbs, 1961).—Hobbs III: 142 (R).
1972 Dactylocythere steevesi (Hart and Hobbs).—Hobbs & Barr: 81 (D, H).
1974 Dactylocythere steevesi (Hart and Hobbs, 1961).—Hart & Hart: 47, 49, 65, 70–71, 72, 74, 75, 196, 224, Pl. XX Figs. 10–16, Pl. XLVIII (D, H, K, R, T).
1975 Dactylocythere steevesi (Hart & Hobbs, 1961).—Hart & Hart: 23–24 (C, D, H).
1975 Dt. steevesi (Hart and Hobbs, 1961).—Hobbs: 281 (C, D).
1977 Dactylocythere steevesi (Hart and Hobbs, 1961:174).—Hobbs, Hobbs & Daniel: 151–152, 179, 183 (C, D, H).
2014a Dactylocythere steevesi (Hart & Hobbs, 1961).—Mestre, Monrós & Mesquita-Joanes: 948 (C).
description: Published as part of Williams, Bronwyn W. & Weaver, Patricia G., 2018, A historical review of the taxonomy and classification of Entocytheridae (Crustacea: Ostracoda: Podocopida), pp. 1-129 in Zootaxa 4448 (1) on page 55, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4448.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1444492
Synthesis and characterization of collagen methacrylamide sponges for use as a biological scaffold
Creators: name: Branch, Jonathan Richard
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: The goal of this thesis was to develop collagen methacrylamide (CMA) into a functional biological scaffold by enhancing its physical strength. CMA is a biocompatible, functionalized type I collagen moiety whose physical strength can be modulated by UV light exposure. Commercially-available, collagen-based biological devices comprised of decellularized ECM possess excellent mechanical properties, but are limited in their amenability to physical and chemical patterning. Scaffolds manufactured from purified collagens are not suitable for most biomedical applications because of their limited physical strength. In the first study, collagen methacrylamide was processed into sponges by lyophilization. Subsequently, the material was characterized through rheometry and found to be weaker than its corresponding hydrogel. A second study evaluated increasing the concentration of the material to increase its strength. In a third study, EDC crosslinking was employed as an additional method to increase the strength of CMA. Both studies demonstrated an increase in the tensile strength and elastic modulus of CMA sponges. However, further increases in strength will be necessary in order for this device to be feasible as a biological scaffold. Nevertheless, the potential exists for CMA sponges, containing gradients of stiffness or peptide-patterning, to be developed into a superior material for numerous tissue engineering applications.
Investigation of arterial compliance and wave reflections as markers of hypertension
Creators: name: Bhavsar, Nihir
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: Hypertension is the primary risk factor for many forms of cardiovascular diseases, which are the leading cause of death in the developed world. Hypertension and myocardial ischemia are also main contributors to stroke, which results in serious and long-term disability. Early detection, monitoring, and treatment of hypertension and myocardial ischemia are thus important in the delay or prevention of morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular diseases. This thesis investigates new hemodynamic markers that are critical in the diagnosis and assessment of the severity of hypertension and myocardial ischemia.       Experimental data was obtained from anesthetized mongrel dogs for control, hypertension, vasodilation, and myocardial ischemia. Simultaneously recorded aortic pressure and aortic flow waveforms were digitized for calculations of hemodynamic parameters. Model-based linear and nonlinear arterial compliances, the compliance- pressure relationship, and different augmentation indices for assessing the effects of wave reflections were computed and evaluated as markers of hypertension.       Analysis of the modified three-element nonlinear Windkessel model or the Li- Model revealed a nonlinear blood pressure and arterial compliance relationship and indicated that this model better predicts the blood pressure waveforms during hypertension and vasodilation. The compliance-pressure loops constructed for a single beat demonstrated reduced compliance during hypertension and increased compliance during vasodilation and ischemia. Analysis of the augmentation index revealed that blood pressure is indeed augmented in systole during hypertension and reduced during vasodilation and ischemia. The newly presented methods for augmentation index calculation are also shown to be better indicators of wave reflection effects in hypertension. Thus, these new nonlinear compliance and augmentation indices may be useful markers in the diagnosis and treatment of hypertension.