Claassenia qingzanga Xiang, Huo &amp; Du 2022, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Xiang, Ya-Nan
name: Huo, Qing-Bo
name: Du, Yu-Zhou
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Plecoptera
Perlidae
Claassenia
Claassenia qingzanga

description: <i>Claassenia qingzanga</i> Xiang, Huo &amp; Du, sp. nov. Figs. 1–7 <b>Adult habitus:</b> General color brownish to dark brown, head brown with dark pattern (Fig. 2A, 5A); triocellate, lateral ocelli white, with black circles surrounded, brown spot forming a V-shape that radiates towards antennae, posterior ocelli are larger, the distance between posterior ocelli is 2x to 3x width of anterior ocellus. Antennae dark brown and palpi brown. Pronotum subquadrate, the margin of pronotum and middle longitudinal line were dark brown, the middle part was yellowish-brown, surface rugose. Legs brown, femorotibial joints darker. Wings brownish with veins dark brown (Figs. 1, 4). <b>Male:</b> Forewing length 6.8–7.5 mm (N=10), hindwing length 5.8–6.0 mm, body length 24.8–30.4 mm.Abdomen yellowish-brown or brown (Fig. 2A). Tergum 1–7 simple without obvious change, middle third of tergum 9 slightly concave with an oval patch of sensilla basiconica; tergum 10 cleft, hemitergal lobes elongate, finger-like, bluntly rounded, extending over 1/3 of tergum 9 (Fig. 2B, D). Sternum 9 with raised, sclerotized, an oval hammer at the middle of the posterior margin with light brown depressed area on both sides of the hammer; abdominal sterna with hairs (Fig. 2C). Aedeagus membranous, narrowed in the middle, basally without any conspicuous lobes or spines, dorsal apex with tiny spines, lateral apex with dense protrusion (Fig. 3). <b>Female:</b> Forewing length 32.9 mm (N=1), hindwing length 28.8 mm, body length 31.4 mm (Fig. 4). Sternum 8 backward extension slight or inconspicuous, hypoproct long triangle, slightly bends upward; the intersegmental membrane of sternum 9 and 10 with a band of hairs (Fig. 5B). <b>Egg:</b> Length ca. 0.55 mm, width ca. 0.38 mm. Chicken egg-shaped, cap membranous, collar not seen. Chorion covered with shallow pits and without ridges (Fig. 6A, B). <b>Type material:</b> Holotype: &amp;male;, China: Tibet, Zogang County, about 1 km away from Yuqu River, 3783 m, 97° 50’ 11.41’’ E, 29° 40’ 15.65” N, 2020-VII-11, leg. Wang Lu-Yu, Liu Piao, Yuan Tao, Hou Yan-Meng. Paratypes: 4&amp;male;&amp;male;, 1&amp;female;&amp;female;, same data as the holotype; 5&amp;male;&amp;male;, China: Qinghai Province, Haibei Prefecture, Xianmi Township, Taola village, close to Taolagou River, 2596m, 102° 0’ 36 “ E, 37° 19’ 12” N, 2021-VII-3, leg. Zang Hao-Ming. <b>Etymology:</b> The scientific name refers to its type locality, “Qingzang” means Qinghai-Tibet in Chinese. <b>Distribution:</b> China (Tibet, Qinghai Province). <b>Remarks:</b> The new species is the first record of <i>Claassenia</i> in Tibet and Qinghai provinces. It is worth noting that male specimens exhibit minor differences between the Tibet and Qinghai locations. Tergum 8 of specimens collected from Qinghai Province have a small, circular patch of sensilla basiconica near the posterior margin (Fig. 7B), but the specimens collected from Tibet lack this patch and have several scattered, large, socketed setae (Fig. 2B). No other obvious differences were found, so we identified them all as <i>C. qingzanga</i> n. sp. When compared with other known species of this genus, the new species exhibits several diagnostic morphological characters. The male hemitergal lobes of <i>C. bischoffi</i> clefted by tergum 10 are recurved processes with the tips meeting on the median line (see Wu 1938: figs. 163–164), while in <i>C. qingzanga</i> the curve upward and extend over 1/3 of tergum 9. Additionally, the male transformed sternum 9 of <i>C. bischoffi</i> is broader than that of <i>C. qingzanga</i>. The morphological structure of both male and female of <i>C. caudata</i> was not described (Klapálek 1916), when we compared with the female holotype pictures provided by colleague D. Murányi, the pronotum of <i>C. caudata</i> were bluntly pointed and the front margin nearly straight (Fig. 8), but in <i>C. qingzanga</i>, the four corners are round and the front margin obviously convex. The holotype of <i>C. fulva</i> was not well preserved, so we referred to Wu 1973. The hemitergal lobes of <i>C. fulva</i> are shorter, only extending to the posterior margin of tergum 9 (Wu 1973: fig. 94), while the hemitergal lobes of <i>C. qingzanga</i> extending over 1/3 of tergum 9. Moreover, the sclerotization pattern of the male sternum 9 is different so that depressed areas on both sides of the hammer are also different (Wu 1973: fig. 95). <i>Claassenia gigas</i> only has descriptions of body length and color pattern for the female holotype (Klapálek 1916). When we compared with the female holotype pictures provided by Murányi, <i>C. gigas</i> was quite dark and the pronotum like a transverse rectangle, the hind margin being nearly straight (Fig. 9). It was obviously different from <i>C. qingzanga.</i> The holotype of <i>C. longistyla</i> was not well preserved, so we referred to Wu 1973. The hemitergal lobes of <i>C. longistyla</i> are much longer than <i>C. qingzanga.</i> In <i>C. longistyla,</i> the hemitergal lobes were distinctly elongated and recurved over anterior 1/3 of tergum 9 (Wu 1973: figs. 96–97), while the hemitergal lobes of <i>C. qingzanga</i> just extended to 1/3 of the posterior of tergum 9. When compared with <i>C. magna</i>, <i>C. qingzanga</i> collected from Tibet has no papilla patch on tergum 8. Additionally, sternum 9 of <i>C. magna</i> is enlarged and produced posteriorly to cover the greater part of the sternum 10 (Wu 1948: figs. 4–5), while sternum 9 of <i>C. qingzanga</i> extends posteriorly just slightly. Compared to <i>C. radiata</i> in <i>C. qingzanga</i> collected from Tibet has no papilla patch on tergum 8 (Stark &amp; Sivec 2010: figs. 12–13). In addition, the aedeagus of <i>C. radiata</i> has a dorsolaterally oriented sparse field of fine setae (Stark &amp; Sivec 2010) while the aedeagus of <i>C. qingzanga</i> has tiny spines only at the dorsal apex. Males of the new species were brachypterous. Wu (1938, 1962) mentioned that <i>C. semibrachyptera</i> were brachypterous or macropterous. In <i>C. semibrachyptera</i> the hemitergal lobes were blunt pointed and angled inward to the anterior margin of tergum 10 (Stark &amp; Sivec 2010: figs. 20–21), while the hemitergal lobes of <i>C. qingzanga</i> were bluntly round and recurved to 1/3 of the posterior of tergum 9. In <i>C. semibrachyptera</i>, the sensilla basiconica patch on tergum 9 is wide and oblong (Stark &amp; Sivec 2010: fig. 20), but is near round in <i>C. qingzanga</i>. Additionally, the aedeagus of <i>C. semibrachyptera</i> has a scattered, lateral patch of fine setae (Stark &amp; Sivec 2010), while <i>C. qingzanga</i> has a dense protrusion at the lateral apex. <i>Claassenia tincta</i> was redescribed by Aubert (1956), and the types kept in Paris. Tergum 9 of <i>C. tincta</i> lacks an oval patch of sensilla basiconica on male (Wu 1938: figs. 171–172), which exists in <i>C. qingzanga</i>. We also compared the new species with <i>C. xucheni</i> reported from Chongqing, near Sichuan province. Male of <i>C. xucheni</i>, the posterior half of sternum 9 is transformed into a broad subgenital plate with C-shaped sclerite along the caudal edge which medially touches the hammer (Chen 2019: figs. 7–9), while the C-shaped sclerite was not found in <i>C. qingzanga</i>. There are tiny spines at the end of the aedeagus in <i>C. qingzanga</i>, but the aedeagus of <i>C. xucheni</i> is completely membranous, without any conspicuous lobes or spines (Chen 2019: figs. 5–8). Additionally, three other species occur in China that have been informally described. In <i>C.</i> ChA, the hemitergal lobes are swollen, membranous and bare on the ventroapical margin (Stark &amp; Sivec 2010: figs. 26–27), while in <i>C. qingzanga</i>, the hemitergal lobes are bluntly round and ventroapically sclerotized. In <i>C.</i> ChB, only the characteristics of eggs are known. The egg of <i>C.</i> ChB are apically truncate and surrounded with conspicuous micropyles (Stark &amp; Sivec 2010: figs. 28–31), however, the egg of <i>C. qingzanga</i> has a slight sharp apex and visible micropyles were not found. In <i>C.</i> ChC, the hemitergal lobes are positioned parallel to one another for most of length and the subgenital plate of female is bilobed (Stark &amp; Sivec 2010: figs. 32–34), but the hemitergal lobes of <i>C. qingzanga</i> bended up and contacted each other at the end, and the subgenital plate of female is complete. In addition, <i>C. qingzanga</i> can also be distinguished from the three species from outside China. In the Russian species <i>C. brachyptera</i>, the sensilla basiconica of tergum 8 on the male is wider (Teslenko &amp; Zhiltzova 2009: fig. 283) than on <i>C. qingzanga</i> collected from Qinghai Province. Furthermore, <i>C. qingzanga</i> collected from Tibet has no sensilla basiconica on tergum 8. In the North American species <i>C. sabulosa</i>, males have a medial, circular patch of sensilla basiconica on tergum 9 (Sivec, Stark &amp; Uchida 1988: fig. 2c), while <i>C. qingzanga</i> has an oval patch. Additionally, the male abdominal sterna of <i>C. qingzanga</i> has a dense band of hairs that is absent in <i>C. sabulosa</i> (Sivec, Stark &amp; Uchida 1988: fig. 2d). In the Bhutan species <i>C. drukpa</i>, the hemitergal lobes on the male are shorter, being only slightly forward of median in dorsal aspect (Stark &amp; Sivec 2010: figs. 2–4). In <i>C. qingzanga</i>, hemitergal lobes extend over &amp;frac13; of tergum 9. Descriptions of <i>Claassenia</i> are still insufficient for comparative analysis. New specimens and supplemental descriptions and illustrations are needed.
description: Published as part of <i>Xiang, Ya-Nan, Huo, Qing-Bo &amp; Du, Yu-Zhou, 2022, A new species of the genus Claassenia (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from China, pp. 233-240 in Zootaxa 5093 (2)</i> on pages 234-239, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5093.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/5905241
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