cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quasi-Dirac points in electron-energy spectra of crystals
Creators: name: Mikitik, Grigorii P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Specific properties, such as surface Fermi arcs, features of quantum oscillations and of various responses to a magnetic field, distinguish Dirac semimetals from ordinary materials. These properties are determined by Dirac points at which a contact of two electron-energy bands occurs and in the vicinity of which these bands disperse linearly in the quasimomentum. This work shows that almost the same properties are inherent in a wider class of materials in which the Dirac spectrum can have a noticeable gap comparable with the Fermi energy. In other words, the degeneracy of the bands at the point and their linear dispersion are not necessary for the existence of these properties. The only sufficient condition is the following: In the vicinity of such a quasi-Dirac point, the two close bands are well described by a two-band model that takes into account the strong spin-orbit interaction. To illustrate the results, the spectrum of ZrTe$_5$ is considered. This spectrum contains a special quasi-Dirac point, similar to that in bismuth.
description: 4 figures, 10 pages+4 pages of Supplementary Information. This version of the article has been accepted for publication in Communications Physics
Are there quantum oscillations in an incommensurate charge density wave?
Creators: name: Zhang, Yi
name: Maharaj, Akash V.
name: Kivelson, Steven A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Because a material with an incommensurate charge density wave (ICDW) is only quasi-periodic, Bloch's theorem does not apply and there is no sharply defined Fermi surface. We will show that, as a consequence, there are no quantum oscillations which are truly periodic functions of $1/B$ (where $ B$ is the magnitude of an applied magnetic field). For a weak ICDW, there exist broad ranges of $1/B$ in which approximately periodic variations occur, but with frequencies that vary inexorably in an unending cascade with increasing $1/B$. For a strong ICDW, e.g. in a quasi-crystal, no quantum oscillations survive at all. Rational and irrational numbers really are different.
description: 14 pages, 17 figures
title: Priority queues for database query processing
Creators: name: Graefe, Goetz
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: sorting||grouping||merge join||interesting orderings||tree of losers||offset-value coding

description: Interesting orderings let sort-based query processing out-perform hash-based algorithms, but only tree-of-losers priority queues and offset-value coding permit competing in all cases including large unsorted inputs with large or complex keys. As long as this competition persists, alternative algorithms with equivalent functionality will plague query execution, e.g., in software maintenance and in query plan scheduling; and mistaken algorithm choices will plague query optimization, e.g., for joins, intersection, and grouping.After explaining tree-of-losers priority queues and offset-value coding, our work introduces necessary extensions for efficient run generation (in external merge sort) with variable-size records. The required changes in tree-of-losers priority queues support increasing and decreasing any key value at any time in logarithmic time, including incremental maintenance of offset-value codes, and with the expected time for key value increases independent of the size of the priority queue. As priority queues are widely used in all kinds of scheduling applications, our contributions go beyond database query processing. Double-ended priority queues are discussed in detail as they nicely illustrate the concepts.To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that tree-of-losers priority queues have been extended to addressable priority queues and to non-monotonic sequences of input keys; and that offset-value coding has been extended to non-monotonic sequences of input keys. The proposed solutions and the included code snippets are simple, small, and fast, in contrast to the time and effort spent on bringing them to this state.
Rapport de campagne de nourriceries côtières : Campagnes Nurse 2020
Creators: name: Brind'Amour, Anik
name: Droual, Gabin
name: Crampon, Alexis
name: Pirog, Agathe
name: Berthele, Olivier
name: Delaunay, Damien
name: Régimbart, Amélie
Publisher: name: Ifremer
Year: 2021
Subjects: Fonctionnement des nourriceries côtières
suivi
dynamique temporelle
communautés bentho-démersales
DCSMM

description: Dans le cadre de la mise en œuvre du programme de surveillance de la directive cadre stratégie pour le milieu marin (DCSMM), le suivi des poissons et céphalopodes démersaux des milieux meubles côtiers a été jugé prioritaire. Pour ce faire, une série de campagnes halieutiques récurrentes a été déployée dans les nourriceries côtières, constituant des habitats essentiels pour de nombreuses espèces marines. La caractérisation de l’état écologique des peuplements et l’étude de la fonctionnalité des habitats de nourriceries s’avèrent nécessaires au calcul des indicateurs du Bon Etat Ecologique requis par la DCSMM et primordiales pour la mise en place de mesures de gestion écosystémique garantissant des usages durables. La campagne Nurse conduite dans le golfe de Gascogne s'inscrit donc dans le programme de surveillance des « Poissons-céphalopodes », le présent rapport présente les principaux résultats acquis en 2020.
Plan de gestion des données du SNO CORAIL - Service d'observation des récifs coralliens de Polynésie française
Creators: name: IR ILICO
name: SNO CORAIL
Publisher: name: Ifremer
Year: 2023
Subjects: ILICO
CORAIL
DMP
PGD
données
DOI
récifs coralliens
Polynésie française
biogéochimie marine
biologie marine
climatologie
qualité des eaux et des écosystèmes

description: L’objectif général du Service National d’Observation « CORAIL » est d’acquérir, par une observation systématique et coordonnée au niveau de l’ensemble du territoire de la Polynésie française, un ensemble de paramètres physiques, physicochimiques et biologiques sur les écosystèmes coralliens afin de détecter, suivre, analyser et modéliser leurs évolutions en liaison avec les changements environnementaux induits par les activités humaines et l’évolution climatique. Ce document correspond au Plan de Gestion de Données (PGD ou DMP en anglais pour « Data Management Plan ») du SNO. Le PGD est un document évolutif décrivant la collecte, le traitement, la documentation, le stockage, l’archivage, la conservation et le partage des données.
Demographic Change and Perceptions of Racism
Creators: name: Maggio, Christopher
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Various research has demonstrated that rapid racial demographic change may aid in triggering various forms of backlash under certain conditions. This has led scholars to speak of Whites defending their local environment in the face of eroding racial dominance. However, little research has addressed how perceptions of racism among minorities may be triggered under conditions of demographic change. This study attempts to fill this gap in the literature by examining the relationship between racial demographic change for Blacks, Hispanics, and Asians and perceptions of racial problems among these groups in the United States. Using standard OLS regressions, ordered logistic regressions, multinomial logistic regressions, and techniques accounting for selection into treatment, I find that Blacks and Hispanics living in counties undergoing rapid growth of Black and Hispanic populations, respectively, have higher perceptions of racial problems. Asians show no evidence of increased perceptions of racial problems in counties undergoing rapid Asian growth. For Blacks, this relationship is concentrated among those without at least a four-year degree and residents of counties with lower initial White populations (and higher initial Black populations). For Hispanics, it is similarly concentrated among those without at least a four-year degree, but also is likely stronger among residents of counties with higher initial White populations (and lower initial Hispanic populations), highlighting unique racial dynamics. This research adds to a growing body of work showing the importance of examining demographic change at the local level in order to understand some of today's most pressing political and social issues.
The thermoelectric properties of inhomogeneous holographic lattices
Creators: name: Donos, Aristomenis
name: Gauntlett, Jerome P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider inhomogeneous, periodic, holographic lattices of D=4 Einstein-Maxwell theory. We show that the DC thermoelectric conductivity matrix can be expressed analytically in terms of the horizon data of the corresponding black hole solution. We numerically construct such black hole solutions for lattices consisting of one, two and ten wave-numbers. We numerically determine the AC electric conductivity which reveals Drude physics as well as resonances associated with sound modes. No evidence for an intermediate frequency scaling regime is found. All of the monochromatic lattice black holes that we have constructed exhibit scaling behaviour at low temperatures which is consistent with the appearance of $AdS_2\times\mathbb{R}^2$ in the far IR at T=0.
description: 52 pages, 29 figures, very minor changes, version published in JHEP
HiSC4D: Human-centered interaction and 4D Scene Capture in Large-scale Space Using Wearable IMUs and LiDAR
Creators: name: Dai, Yudi
name: Wang, Zhiyong
name: Lin, Xiping
name: Wen, Chenglu
name: Xu, Lan
name: Shen, Siqi
name: Ma, Yuexin
name: Wang, Cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce HiSC4D, a novel Human-centered interaction and 4D Scene Capture method, aimed at accurately and efficiently creating a dynamic digital world, containing large-scale indoor-outdoor scenes, diverse human motions, rich human-human interactions, and human-environment interactions. By utilizing body-mounted IMUs and a head-mounted LiDAR, HiSC4D can capture egocentric human motions in unconstrained space without the need for external devices and pre-built maps. This affords great flexibility and accessibility for human-centered interaction and 4D scene capturing in various environments. Taking into account that IMUs can capture human spatially unrestricted poses but are prone to drifting for long-period using, and while LiDAR is stable for global localization but rough for local positions and orientations, HiSC4D employs a joint optimization method, harmonizing all sensors and utilizing environment cues, yielding promising results for long-term capture in large scenes. To promote research of egocentric human interaction in large scenes and facilitate downstream tasks, we also present a dataset, containing 8 sequences in 4 large scenes (200 to 5,000 $m^2$), providing 36k frames of accurate 4D human motions with SMPL annotations and dynamic scenes, 31k frames of cropped human point clouds, and scene mesh of the environment. A variety of scenarios, such as the basketball gym and commercial street, alongside challenging human motions, such as daily greeting, one-on-one basketball playing, and tour guiding, demonstrate the effectiveness and the generalization ability of HiSC4D. The dataset and code will be publicated on www.lidarhumanmotion.net/hisc4d available for research purposes.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures, Jornal
title: Workload-Aware Contention-Management in Indexes for Hierarchical Data
Creators: name: Wellenzohn, Kevin
name: Böhlen, Michael H.
name: Helmer, Sven
name: Reutegger, Marcel
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: hierarchical databases||structural indexes||concurrency control

description: Queries in hierarchical databases (HDBs) often combine predicates referring to values of node properties with path predicates relating to the structure. We call these queries property-and-path (PP) queries. Usually, PP indexes are used to support these types of queries efficiently. In an environment in which HDBs are updated concurrently, we encounter conflicts which may lead to transaction aborts. We identify preventable aborts caused by conflicts in the index, while the operations in the actual database are executed without any problems. These index conflicts are due to the deletion of a path in the index concurrently taking place with an insertion underneath a node on the deleted path. We leverage recent workload information to detect and suspend the deletion of substructures in PP indexes that are likely to conflict with concurrent insertions. However, the suspension of these deletions has a detrimental effect on the query performance, which means this becomes a tradeoff between the number of transaction aborts and the speed of the query evaluation. We implement our approach in Apache Jackrabbit Oak and FOEDUS, experimentally investigate the tradeoff, and show how to balance the effects to maximize the transactional throughput for a given workload.
Galactic r-process enrichment by neutron star mergers in cosmological simulations of a Milky Way-mass galaxy
Creators: name: van de Voort, Freeke
name: Quataert, Eliot
name: Hopkins, Philip F.
name: Keres, Dusan
name: Faucher-Giguere, Claude-Andre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We quantify the stellar abundances of neutron-rich r-process nuclei in cosmological zoom-in simulations of a Milky Way-mass galaxy from the Feedback In Realistic Environments project. The galaxy is enriched with r-process elements by binary neutron star (NS) mergers and with iron and other metals by supernovae. These calculations include key hydrodynamic mixing processes not present in standard semi-analytic chemical evolution models, such as galactic winds and hydrodynamic flows associated with structure formation. We explore a range of models for the rate and delay time of NS mergers, intended to roughly bracket the wide range of models consistent with current observational constraints. We show that NS mergers can produce [r-process/Fe] abundance ratios and scatter that appear reasonably consistent with observational constraints. At low metallicity, [Fe/H]
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 10 pages and 4 figures. Revised version: minor changes
title: Propagandistische Vereinnahmung des österreichischen Fußballs durch den Nationalsozialismus rund um den "Anschluss"
Creators: name: Probst, Manuel
Year: 2021

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der propagandistischen Vereinnahmung der österreichischen Fußballer rund um den „Anschluss“ im Jahr 1938. Das „Anschlussspiel“ am 3. April 1938 im Wiener Praterstadion diente als Werbemaßnahme des NS-Regimes für die Volksabstimmung zum „Anschluss“ von Österreich an das Deutsche Reich am 10. April 1938. Dahingehend werden die Untersuchungen zu der Vereinnahmung des österreichischen Fußballs mit dem Schwerpunkt auf den Spielern der Wiener Austria behandelt. Die Mythenbildung im Nachkriegsösterreich und die Heroisierung der „Widerständler“ Matthias Sindelar und Karl Sesta reiht sich in die lange vorherrschende Opferthese ein. Die Aufarbeitung des „unpolitischen Fußballs“ zeigt die Profiteure der „Arisierungen“ eindrucksvoll, wenngleich die Abschaffung des Profifußballs die Taten in geringem Ausmaß legitimiert. Der theoretische Teil, in dem die gesellschaftliche Bedeutung des Massenphänomens Fußballs und der österreichischen Wunderteamspieler Matthias Sindelar und Karl Sesta erörtert wird, bildet die Grundlage für die fachliche Quellenanalyse. Weiters dient die fachdidaktische Analyse des Quellenmaterials zur methodisch-didaktischen Umsetzung der Thematik im Unterrichtsfach Geschichte, Sozialkunde, Politische Bildung in der 4. Klasse Mittelschule Sekundarstufe 1.
description: The following master thesis concerns the propagandistic capture of the Austrian footballers around the “Anschluss” in 1938. The “Anschlussspiel” took place in the “Viennese Praterstadion” and was a promotional event from the National Socialists before the referendum of the “Anschluss” from Austria to Nazi-Germany. To that effect research concerning the propagandistic capture of the Austria footballers particularly the players of “Austria Wien” were made. In after-war Austria myths about the footballers Matthias Sindelar and Karl Sesta are part of the sacrificial thesis. The reconditioning of the “unpolitical football” shows the profiteers of “Arisierungen”, even so the end of professional football legitimates the actions to an extent. The theoretical part, in which the social meaning of mass phenomenon football and the Austrian Wunderteam players Matthias Sindelar und Karl Sesta is discussed, is the base for the technical source analysis. Furthermore, the subject didactics of data helps to implement the topic into the subject History and Political Education in the fourth-class middle school secondary school 1.
title: Which Rules Entail this Fact? - An Efficient Approach Using RDBMSs
Creators: name: Gutberlet, Tim
name: Sauerbier, Janik
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Knowledge graphs||Relational databases||Link prediction||Explainability

description: In this paper, we focus on the problem of identifying all rules that entail a certain target fact given a knowledge graph and a set of previously learned rules. This problem is relevant in the context of link prediction and explainability. We propose an efficient approach using relational database technology including indexing, filtering and pre-computing methods. Our experiments demonstrate the efficiency of our approach and the effect of various optimizations on different datasets like YAGO3-10, WN18RR and FB15k-237 using rules learned by the bottom up rule learner AnyBURL.
Ambient Pressure Structural Quantum Critical Point in the Phase Diagram of (Ca$_x$Sr$_{1-x}$)$_3$Rh$_4$Sn$_{13}$
Creators: name: Goh, S. K.
name: Tompsett, D. A.
name: Saines, P. J.
name: Chang, H. C.
name: Matsumoto, T.
name: Imai, M.
name: Yoshimura, K.
name: Grosche, F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quasi-skutterudite superconductor Sr$_3$Rh$_4$Sn$_{13}$ features a pronounced anomaly in electrical resistivity at $T^*\sim$138 K. We show that the anomaly is caused by a second-order structural transition, which can be tuned to 0 K by applying physical pressure and chemical pressure via the substitution of Ca for Sr. A broad superconducting dome is centred around the structural quantum critical point. Detailed analysis of the tuning parameter dependence of $T^*$ as well as insights from lattice dynamics calculations strongly support the existence of a structural quantum critical point at ambient pressure when the fraction of Ca is 0.9 (i.e., $x_c=0.9$). This establishes (Ca$_x$Sr$_{1-x}$)$_3$Rh$_4$Sn$_{13}$ series as an important system for exploring the physics of structural quantum criticality without the need of applying high pressures.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett
Reducing Events to Augment Log-based Anomaly Detection Models: An Empirical Study
Creators: name: Zhang, Lingzhe
name: Jia, Tong
name: Wang, Kangjin
name: Jia, Mengxi
name: Yong, Yang
name: Li, Ying
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As software systems grow increasingly intricate, the precise detection of anomalies have become both essential and challenging. Current log-based anomaly detection methods depend heavily on vast amounts of log data leading to inefficient inference and potential misguidance by noise logs. However, the quantitative effects of log reduction on the effectiveness of anomaly detection remain unexplored. Therefore, we first conduct a comprehensive study on six distinct models spanning three datasets. Through the study, the impact of log quantity and their effectiveness in representing anomalies is qualifies, uncovering three distinctive log event types that differently influence model performance. Drawing from these insights, we propose LogCleaner: an efficient methodology for the automatic reduction of log events in the context of anomaly detection. Serving as middleware between software systems and models, LogCleaner continuously updates and filters anti-events and duplicative-events in the raw generated logs. Experimental outcomes highlight LogCleaner's capability to reduce over 70% of log events in anomaly detection, accelerating the model's inference speed by approximately 300%, and universally improving the performance of models for anomaly detection.
description: Accepted By ESEM'24
Cramer-Rao Lower Bounds of Joint Delay-Doppler Estimation for an Extended Target
Creators: name: Zhao, Tong
name: Huang, Tianyao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The problem on the Cramer-Rao Lower Bounds (CRLBs) for the joint time delay and Doppler stretch estimation of an extended target is considered in this paper. The integral representations of the CRLBs for both the time delay and the Doppler stretch are derived. To facilitate computation and analysis, series representations and approximations of the CRLBs are introduced. According to these series representations, the impact of several waveform parameters on the estimation accuracy is investigated, which reveals that the CRLB of the Doppler stretch is inversely proportional to the effective time-bandwidth product of the waveform. This conclusion generalizes a previous result in the narrowband case. The popular wideband ambiguity function (WBAF) based delay-Doppler estimator is evaluated and compared with the CRLBs through numerical experiments. Our results indicate that the WBAF estimator, originally derived from a single scatterer model, is not suitable for the parameter estimation of an extended target.
title: Communication-Optimal Parallel Reservoir Sampling
Creators: name: Winter, Christian
name: Sichert, Moritz
name: Birler, Altan
name: Neumann, Thomas
name: Kemper, Alfons
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Reservoir Sampling||Parallel Sampling||Stream Processing

description: When evaluating complex analytical queries on high-velocity data streams, many systems cannot run those queries on all elements of a stream. Sampling is a widely used method to reduce the system load by replacing the input with a representative yet manageable subset. For unbounded data, reservoir sampling generates a fixed-size uniform sample independent of the input cardinality. However, the collection of reservoir samples itself can already be a bottleneck for high-velocity data.In this paper, we introduce a technique that allows fully parallelizing reservoir sampling for many-core architectures. Our approach relies on the efficient combination of thread-local samples taken over chunks of the input without necessitating communication during the sampling phase and with minimal communication when merging. We show how our efficient merge guarantees uniform random samples while allowing data to be distributed over worker threads arbitrarily. Our analysis of this approach within the Umbra database system demonstrates linear scaling along the available threads and the ability to sustain high-velocity workloads.
Connecting high-field quantum oscillations to zero-field electron spectral functions in the underdoped cuprates
Creators: name: Allais, Andrea
name: Chowdhury, Debanjan
name: Sachdev, Subir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The central puzzle of the cuprate superconductors at low hole density is the nature of the pseudogap regime. It has a number of seemingly distinct experimental signatures: a suppression of the paramagnetic spin susceptibility at high temperatures, low energy electronic excitations that extend over arcs in the Brillouin zone, X-ray detection of charge density wave order at intermediate temperatures, and quantum oscillations at high magnetic fields and low temperatures. We show that a model of competing charge density wave and superconducting orders provides a unified description of the intermediate and low temperature regimes. We treat quantum oscillations at high field beyond semiclassical approximations, and find clear and robust signatures of an electron pocket compatible with existing observations; we also predict oscillations due to additional hole pockets. In the zero field and intermediate temperature regime, we compute the electronic spectrum in the presence of thermally fluctuating charge density and superconducting orders. Our results are compatible with experimental trends.
description: Main article: 12 pages, 10 figures. Supplementary material: 3 pages, 4 figures; (v3) contains an expanded discussion and additional references
Plan de gestion des données du SNO MOOSE - Mediterranean ocean observing system for the environment
Creators: name: IR ILICO
name: SNO MOOSE
Publisher: name: Ifremer
Year: 2023
Subjects: ILICO
MOOSE
DMP
PGD
données
DOI
Méditerranée
biogéochimie marine
biologie marine
climatologie
hydrologie
météorologie
océanographie physique
qualité des eaux et des écosystèmes

description: L’objectif général du Service National d’Observation « MOOSE » est de maintenir un système d’observation, multi-sites et intégré, destiné à suivre le changement des écosystèmes sur la Méditerranée Nord-Occidentale. Il s’agit en particulier de mesurer les grandes tendances et les anomalies sur le long terme de certains processus (physiques, biogéochimiques et biologiques) caractérisant l’évolution de la Méditerranée Nord-Occidentale. Ce document correspond au Plan de Gestion de Données (PGD ou DMP en anglais pour « Data Management Plan ») du SNO. Le PGD est un document évolutif décrivant la collecte, le traitement, la documentation, le stockage, l’archivage, la conservation et le partage des données.
title: Ernst Haeusserman
Creators: name: Christof, Sabrina
Year: 2021

description: Ernst Haeusserman war einer der einflussreichsten Intendanten in der Zweiten Re-publik. Haeusserman war 1938 nach Amerika geflüchtet und kehrte nach Kriegsende in amerikanischer Uniform nach Österreich zurück. Dort stiegt er bis zum Burgtheaterdirektor auf. In dieser Masterarbeit werden anhand einer Netzwerkanalyse und der Arbeit mit dem Nachlass, Haeussermans Verbindungen und Biografie analysiert. Außerdem wird der Fragestellung nachgegangen, warum es Ernst Haeusserman gelang, einen derart hohen Posten zu erreichen und andere, konkret sein Schwiegervater Ernst Lothar, die mit denselben Voraussetzungen zurückkehrten, nicht an ihre Karriere vor dem Krieg anknüpfen konnten.
On the waiting time distribution for continuous stochastic systems
Creators: name: Gernert, Robert
name: Emary, Clive
name: Klapp, Sabine H. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The waiting time distribution (WTD) is a common tool for analysing discrete stochastic processes in classical and quantum systems. However, there are many physical examples where the dynamics is continuous and only approximately discrete, or where it is favourable to discuss the dynamics on a discretized and a continuous level in parallel. An example is the hindered motion of particles through potential landscapes with barriers. In the present paper we propose a consistent generalisation of the WTD from the discrete case to situations where the particles perform continuous barrier-crossing characterised by a finite duration. To this end, we introduce a recipe to calculate the WTD from the Fokker-Planck/Smoluchowski equation. In contrast to the closely related first passage time distribution (FPTD), which is frequently used to describe continuous processes, the WTD contains information about the direction of motion. As an application, we consider the paradigmatic example of an overdamped particle diffusing through a washboard potential. To verify the approach and to elucidate its numerical implications, we compare the WTD defined via the Smoluchowski equation with data from direct simulation of the underlying Langevin equation and find full consistency provided that the jumps in the Langevin approach are defined properly. Moreover, for sufficiently large energy barriers, the WTD defined via the Smoluchowski equation becomes consistent with that resulting from the analytical solution of a (two-state) master equation model for the short-time dynamics developed previous by us [PRE 86, 061135 (2012)]. Thus, our approach "interpolates" between these two types of stochastic motion. We illustrate our approach for both symmetric systems and systems under constant force.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures
title: Better Safe than Sorry: Visualizing, Predicting, and Successfully Guiding Courses of Study
Creators: name: Kerth, Alexander
name: Schuhknecht, Felix
name: Pensel, Lukas
name: Henneberg, Justus
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Study monitoring||Study Prediction||Visualization||Machine Learning||Graph Databases

description: Successfully going through a course of study is a lengthy and challenging task. To obtain a degree, many obstacles must be overcome and the right decisions must be made at the right point in time, often overwhelming students. To reduce the amount of dropouts, the goal of study advisors is to reach out to endangered students in time and to provide them help and guidance. To support the work of study advisors, who typically have to monitor a large amount of students simultaneously, we present in this demonstration an easy-to-use graphical tool that (a) allows the advisor to visualize all relevant information of study data in a responsive graph in order to overview the current study situation. Additional to visualization, our tool provides (b) a forecasting functionality based on pre-trained models and (c) a warning feature to identify endangered students early on. In the on-site demonstration, the audience will be able to step into the role of a study advisor and use our tool and all of its features to identify and guide struggling students within anonymized real-world study data.
Individual project on theme "Pieris Schrank" (MOOC: CompTech in biology)
Creators: name: Anton, Legostaev
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Данная презентация является результатом реализации индивидуального проекта Легостаева Антона по теме "Pieris Schrank" в рамках онлайн-курса "Компьютерные технологии в биологии" (https://stepik.org/course/60859)
Modeling effective FRW cosmologies with perfect fluids from states of the hybrid quantum Gowdy model
Creators: name: Navascués, Beatriz Elizaga
name: Martín-Benito, Mercedes
name: Marugán, Guillermo A. Mena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We employ recently developed approximation methods in the hybrid quantization of the Gowdy $T^3$ model with linear polarization and a massless scalar field to obtain physically interesting solutions of this inhomogeneous cosmology. More specifically, we propose approximate solutions of the quantum Gowdy model constructed in such a way that, for the Hamiltonian constraint, they effectively behave as those corresponding to a flat homogeneous and isotropic universe filled with a perfect fluid, even though these quantum states are far from being homogeneous and isotropic. We analyze how one can get different perfect fluid effective behaviors, including the cases of dust, radiation, and cosmological constant.
description: Version accepted for publication in PRD
title: Integrating Access to Authority Data for Improved Interoperability of Research Data in the Digital Humanities
Creators: name: Jegan, Robin
name: Fruth, Leon
name: Gradl, Tobias
name: Henrich, Andreas
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: authority file||geographic databases||data integration

description: Authority data is used to unambiguously identify persons, organisations and places. In this paper, a means to integrate access to several providers of authority data into data curation processes is described, which facilitates disambiguation of geographic data. Combined access to general datasets, in our case the Gemeinsame Normdatei (GND), as well as highly specialized datasets, here the Memorial Archives, improves the resolution of ambiguities and particularly benefits use cases of the Digital Humanities. The integration is necessary in order to abstract from technical, syntactical and semantic heterogeneity of the providers. Operations such as querying geographic information and receiving enriched data from different data sources are facilitated. An overview of the goals of the system, related projects and authority data providers are presented, as well as details on the implementation and further steps.
MemoVis: A GenAI-Powered Tool for Creating Companion Reference Images for 3D Design Feedback
Creators: name: Chen, Chen
name: Nguyen, Cuong
name: Groueix, Thibault
name: Kim, Vladimir G.
name: Weibel, Nadir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.5.1; H.5.2; J.0

description: Providing asynchronous feedback is a critical step in the 3D design workflow. A common approach to providing feedback is to pair textual comments with companion reference images, which helps illustrate the gist of text. Ideally, feedback providers should possess 3D and image editing skills to create reference images that can effectively describe what they have in mind. However, they often lack such skills, so they have to resort to sketches or online images which might not match well with the current 3D design. To address this, we introduce MemoVis, a text editor interface that assists feedback providers in creating reference images with generative AI driven by the feedback comments. First, a novel real-time viewpoint suggestion feature, based on a vision-language foundation model, helps feedback providers anchor a comment with a camera viewpoint. Second, given a camera viewpoint, we introduce three types of image modifiers, based on pre-trained 2D generative models, to turn a text comment into an updated version of the 3D scene from that viewpoint. We conducted a within-subjects study with feedback providers, demonstrating the effectiveness of MemoVis. The quality and explicitness of the companion images were evaluated by another eight participants with prior 3D design experience.
description: In the Journal of ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction
Bank Aceh Syariah: Studi Pustaka (Library Research) dan Bibliometrik VOSviewer
Creators: name: Nurmawanadilah, Dita
name: Budianto, Eka Wahyu Hestya
name: Dewi, Nindi Dwi Tetria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Bank Aceh Syariah
Studi Pustaka
Bibliometrik
VOSviewer

description: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan topik penelitian seputar Bank Aceh Syariah dengan pendekatan kualitatif, yang bersifat studi pustaka (library research) dan bibliometrik VOSviewer. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan: pertama, membuka sofware Perish/Harzing, lalu mencari jurnal berdasarkan kategori title words berkata kunci "Bank Aceh Syariah" dalam kurun waktu seluruh tahun. Kedua, mengumpulkan data judul jurnal dalam Microsoft Excel, dan mengidentifikasi judul jurnal yang ganda. Ketiga, mengunduh file berformat RIS (Research Information Systems) dan PDF (Portable Document Format) dari seluruh jurnal yang telah dikumpulkan datanya. Keempat, memasukkan file data RIS ke dalam software Mendeley Dekstop. Teknik analisis data dengan memetakan topik penelitian seputar Bank Aceh Syariah berdasarkan jurnal-jurnal yang telah dikumpulkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 4 pemetaan topik penelitian menggunakan studi pustaka seputar Bank Aceh Syariah, yaitu: (1) Kinerja keuangan; (2) Kinerja karyawan; (3) Perilaku nasabah; dan (4) Isu-isu lainnya. Implikasi dan kontribusi penelitian ini adalah pemetaan topik-topik penelitian seputar Bank Aceh Syariah, baik yang sering ataupun jarang diteliti oleh peneliti, sehingga peneliti lainnya dapat mengetahui kekosongan penelitian dalam topik ini.
title: Konzeption eines berufsgruppenspezifischen e- Learning Programmes zur Suizidprävention für Gatekeeper im Rahmen des EU-Projekts ELLIPSE
Creators: name: Kremser, Teresa
Year: 2021

description: Suizid und Suizidalität sind prävalente Phänomene mit weitreichenden Auswirkungen auf Wirtschaft, Gesellschaft und Individuen. Neben der psychiatrischen Akutversorgung ma- chen sie deshalb niederschwellige Präventionsmaßnahmen unbedingt notwendig. Eine Form dieser Präventionsmaßnahmen sind sogenannte Gatekeeperschulungen, durch die korrekte Identifikation, Risikoabschätzung, Management und Behandlung von Hochrisiko- personen gefördert werden sollen. Gatekeeper sind in diesem Fall Personen, die aufgrund ihrer beruflichen Tätigkeit gehäuft mit Betroffenen in Kontakt kommen. Die vorliegende Arbeit ist eingebettet in das Erasmus+ -geförderte Projekt ELLIPSE- E-Lifelong Learning In Prevention of Suicide in Europe. Sie hat zum Ziel Haltung, Wissen und Fähigkeiten von verschiedenen Gruppen von Gatekeepern im Hinblick auf deren Um- gang mit Suizidalität und Suizid zu explorieren. Die daraus resultierenden Bedürfnisse flie- ßen als Ergebnisse in ein kostenloses berufsspezifisches e-Learning Programm zur Suizid- prävention. Dazu wurden drei fokussierte Interviews mit Personengruppen aus unterschiedli- chen Schlüsselberufen durchgeführt: Psychologiestudent*innen, Psychotherapeut*innen und Rettungssanitäter*innen. Ein viertes Interview wurde mit Betroffenen und Angehörigen durchgeführt, um auch deren Perspektive auf die Bedürfnisse von Gatekeepern in der Sui- zidprävention zu integrieren. Die Auswertung der Daten erfolgte anhand der Thematischen Analyse. Die Ergebnisse legen nahe, dass ein solches e-Learning Programm sich nicht aus- schließlich auf die Schließung von Wissenslücken konzentrieren sollte sondern auch in- nerpsychische Prozesse und strukturelle Kontextbedingungen berücksichtigen muss, um professionelle Prävention zu gewährleisten. Die Einbettung der Berufsausübung in diese strukturellen Kontexte ist zumeist regional oder national bedingt. Dadurch wird die Frage aufgeworfen, wie ein e-Learning Programm mit internationalem Anspruch länderspezifische Besonderheiten innerhalb der Versorgungsstrukturen überhaupt berücksichtigen kann.
Electron and photon energy calibration with the ATLAS detector using LHC Run 1 data
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents the electron and photon energy calibration achieved with the ATLAS detector using about 25 fb$^{-1}$ of LHC proton--proton collision data taken at centre-of-mass energies of $\sqrt{s}$ = 7 and 8 TeV. The reconstruction of electron and photon energies is optimised using multivariate algorithms. The response of the calorimeter layers is equalised in data and simulation, and the longitudinal profile of the electromagnetic showers is exploited to estimate the passive material in front of the calorimeter and reoptimise the detector simulation. After all corrections, the $Z$ resonance is used to set the absolute energy scale. For electrons from $Z$ decays, the achieved calibration is typically accurate to 0.05% in most of the detector acceptance, rising to 0.2% in regions with large amounts of passive material. The remaining inaccuracy is less than 0.2-1% for electrons with a transverse energy of 10 GeV, and is on average 0.3% for photons. The detector resolution is determined with a relative inaccuracy of less than 10% for electrons and photons up to 60 GeV transverse energy, rising to 40% for transverse energies above 500 GeV.
description: 39 pages plus author list + cover pages (51 pages total), 42 figures, 8 tables, submitted to EPJC, All figures including auxiliary figures are available at http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/PERF-2013-05/
title: VERIFAI - A Step Towards Evaluating the Responsibility of AI-Systems
Creators: name: Göllner, Sabrina
name: Tropmann-Frick, Marina
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence||Responsible AI||Privacy-preserving AI||Explainable AI||Ethical AI||Trustworthy AI

description: This work represents the first step towards a unified framework for evaluating an AI system's responsibility by building a prototype application.The python based web-application uses several libraries for testing the fairness, robustness, privacy, and explainability of a machine-learning model as well as the dataset which was used for training the model.The workflow of the prototype is tested and described using images of a healthcare dataset since healthcare represents an area where automatic decisions affect decisions about human lives, and building responsible AI in this area is therefore indispensable.
title: To Iterate Is Human, to Recurse Is Divine --- Mapping Iterative Python to Recursive SQL
Creators: name: Fischer, Tim
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: SQL||Python||Compilation

description: Writing complex algorithms and iterative computations in SQL is difficult at best, commonly leading to code that intermingles looping control flow with database access. This yields programs with control flow that rapidly hops in and out of the database, with each roundtrip incurring significant overhead. We present the ByePy compiler, which can compile entire Python functions directly to plain recursive SQL:1999 queries. By doing so, the compilation eliminates all but a single roundtrip, leading to runtime speedups of up to an order of magnitude.
Uniform Lipschitz Estimates in Bumpy Half-Spaces
Creators: name: Kenig, Carlos
name: Prange, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B27, 35B65, 35J08, 35J47, 35J57

description: This paper is devoted to the proof of uniform Hölder and Lipschitz estimates close to oscillating boundaries, for divergence form elliptic systems with periodically oscillating coefficients. Our main point is that no structure is assumed on the oscillations of the boundary. In particular, those are neither periodic, nor quasiperiodic, nor stationary ergodic. We investigate the consequences of our estimates on the large scales of Green and Poisson kernels. Our work opens the door to the use of potential theoretic methods in problems concerned with oscillating boundaries, which is an area of active research.
description: 54 pages
Activation Function Optimization Scheme for Image Classification
Creators: name: Rahman, Abdur
name: He, Lu
name: Wang, Haifeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Activation function has a significant impact on the dynamics, convergence, and performance of deep neural networks. The search for a consistent and high-performing activation function has always been a pursuit during deep learning model development. Existing state-of-the-art activation functions are manually designed with human expertise except for Swish. Swish was developed using a reinforcement learning-based search strategy. In this study, we propose an evolutionary approach for optimizing activation functions specifically for image classification tasks, aiming to discover functions that outperform current state-of-the-art options. Through this optimization framework, we obtain a series of high-performing activation functions denoted as Exponential Error Linear Unit (EELU). The developed activation functions are evaluated for image classification tasks from two perspectives: (1) five state-of-the-art neural network architectures, such as ResNet50, AlexNet, VGG16, MobileNet, and Compact Convolutional Transformer which cover computationally heavy to light neural networks, and (2) eight standard datasets, including CIFAR10, Imagenette, MNIST, Fashion MNIST, Beans, Colorectal Histology, CottonWeedID15, and TinyImageNet which cover from typical machine vision benchmark, agricultural image applications to medical image applications. Finally, we statistically investigate the generalization of the resultant activation functions developed through the optimization scheme. With a Friedman test, we conclude that the optimization scheme is able to generate activation functions that outperform the existing standard ones in 92.8% cases among 28 different cases studied, and $-x\cdot erf(e^{-x})$ is found to be the best activation function for image classification generated by the optimization scheme.
Adaptive testing on a regression function at a point
Creators: name: Armstrong, Timothy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the problem of inference on a regression function at a point when the entire function satisfies a sign or shape restriction under the null. We propose a test that achieves the optimal minimax rate adaptively over a range of Hölder classes, up to a $\log\log n$ term, which we show to be necessary for adaptation. We apply the results to adaptive one-sided tests for the regression discontinuity parameter under a monotonicity restriction, the value of a monotone regression function at the boundary and the proportion of true null hypotheses in a multiple testing problem.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/15-AOS1342 in the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)