cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dense and diffuse gas in dynamically active clouds
Creators: name: Garrod, R. T.
name: Williams, D. A.
name: Rawlings, J. M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the chemical and observational implications of repetitive transient dense core formation in molecular clouds. We allow a transient density fluctuation to form and disperse over a period of 1 Myr, tracing its chemical evolution. We then allow the same gas immediately to undergo further such formation and dispersion cycles. The chemistry of the dense gas in subsequent cycles is similar to that of the first, and a limit cycle is reached quickly (2 - 3 cycles). Enhancement of hydrocarbon abundances during a specific period of evolution is the strongest indicator of previous dynamical history. The molecular content of the diffuse background gas in the molecular cloud is expected to be strongly enhanced by the core formation and dispersion process. Such enhancement may remain for as long as 0.5 Myr. The frequency of repetitive core formation should strongly determine the level of background molecular enhancement. We also convolve the emission from a synthesised dark cloud, comprised of ensembles of transient dense cores. We find that the dynamical history of the gas, and therefore the chemical state of the diffuse inter-core medium, may be determined if a sufficient sample of cores is present in an ensemble. Molecular ratios of key hydrocarbons with SO and SO2 are crucial to this distinction. Only surveys with great enough angular resolution to resolve individual cores, or very small groupings, are expected to show evidence of repetitive dynamical processing. The existence of non-equilibrium chemistry in the diffuse background may have implications for the initial conditions used in chemical models. Observed variations in the chemistries of diffuse and translucent regions may be explained by lines of sight which intersect a number of molecular cloud cores in various stages of evolution.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
What do we expect from Multiple-choice QA Systems?
Creators: name: Shah, Krunal
name: Gupta, Nitish
name: Roth, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The recent success of machine learning systems on various QA datasets could be interpreted as a significant improvement in models' language understanding abilities. However, using various perturbations, multiple recent works have shown that good performance on a dataset might not indicate performance that correlates well with human's expectations from models that "understand" language. In this work we consider a top performing model on several Multiple Choice Question Answering (MCQA) datasets, and evaluate it against a set of expectations one might have from such a model, using a series of zero-information perturbations of the model's inputs. Our results show that the model clearly falls short of our expectations, and motivates a modified training approach that forces the model to better attend to the inputs. We show that the new training paradigm leads to a model that performs on par with the original model while better satisfying our expectations.
description: Findings of EMNLP 2020
Effects of Skillstreaming Skills Lessons on Middle School Conflict
Creators: name: Young, Nadiera
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Skillstreaming lessons
subject: Social skills
subject: Prosocial skills
subject: Conflict
subject: Middle school conflict
subject: Education -- Research papers (Graduate)

description: The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of Skillstreaming lessons on the amount of conflict recorded by middle school students. The measurement tool used was a data collection sheet where the students recorded the number of conflicts encountered for a total of four weeks, two weeks before and after the Skillstreaming lessons. This study was pre-experimental using a one group pretest posttest design. There was no significant difference between the mean number of conflicts per student before Skillstreaming and after Skillstreaming. Although there is significant research in this area, it should be extended understanding that conflict is ever-changing.
S Table 2 from Infection of Norway lobster (Nephrops norvegicus) by the parasite Hematodinium sp.: insights from 30 years of field observations
Creators: name: Molto-Martin, Irene
name: Neil, Douglas M.
name: Coates, Christopher J.
name: MacKenzie, Simon A.
name: Bass, David
name: Stentiford, Grant D.
name: Albalat, Amaya
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 420299
subject: Epidemiology not elsewhere classified

description: The Norway lobster, Nephrops norvegicus, is an important representative of the benthos and also supports valuable fisheries across Europe. Nephrops are susceptible to infection by Hematodinium sp., an endoparasitic dinoflagellate that causes morbidity and mortality. From an epizootiological perspective, the Clyde Sea Area (CSA; west of Scotland) is the best-studied Hematodinium–Nephrops pathosystem, with historical data available between 1988 and 2008. We have revisited this pathosystem by curating and updating prevalence values, differentiating host traits associated with disease exposure and progression, and comparing Hematodinium sp. disease dynamics in the CSA to other locations and to other decapod hosts (Cancer pagurus, Carcinus maenas). Prevalence from a 2018/2019 survey (involving 1739 lobsters) revealed Hematodinium sp. still mounts a synchronized patent infection in the CSA, hence this pathogen can be considered as enzootic in this location. We highlight for the first time that Nephrops size is associated with high severity infection, while females are more exposed to Hematodinium sp. More generally, regardless of the host (Norway lobster, brown and shore crabs) or the geographical area (Ireland, Wales, Scotland), Hematodinium sp. patent infections peak in spring/summer and reach their nadir during autumn. We contend that Hematodinium must be considered one of the most important pathogens of decapod crustaceans in temperate waters.
A c-theorem for the entanglement entropy
Creators: name: Casini, H.
name: Huerta, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The combination of the Lorentz symmetry and the strong subadditive property of the entropy leads to a c-theorem for the entanglement entropy in 1+1 dimensions. We present a simple derivation of this theorem and compare the associated c-functions with the Zamolodchikov's ones for the case of free fields. We discuss the various difficulties which obstacle the naive generalizations of the entropic c-theorem to higher dimensions.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures. Talk given at the conference IRGAC 2006: 2nd. Intern. Conf. on Quantum Theories and Renormalization Group in Gravity and Cosmology (Barcelona, jun. 2006). Reference added
The Impact of HD Cooling on the Formation of the First Stars
Creators: name: McGreer, Ian D.
name: Bryan, Greg L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use numerical simulations to investigate the importance of HD formation and cooling on the first generation of metal-free stars in a LCDM cosmology. We have implemented and tested non-equilibrium HD chemistry in an adaptive mesh refinement simulation code and applied it to two situations. (1) It is first applied to the formation of 10^5 - 10^6 Msun halos which form in the absence of any ionizing source. We show, in agreement with previous work, that HD cooling is of only marginal importance for most halos; however, we find that for the lowest mass halos, HD cooling can equal or surpass the H2 cooling rate. This leads to a population of stars formed in halos with effective HD cooling that are less massive by a factor of ~6 compared to halos dominated by H2 cooling. (2) In the second part of the paper, we ionize the halos in order to explore the impact of HD cooling in the presence of an ample population of free electrons. This leads to cooler temperatures (due to the electron- catalyzed production of H2) and somewhat lower resulting proto-stellar mass. Adding HD chemistry lowers the temperature further, to the level of the CMB. We find that HD cooling dominates over H2 cooling in the density range 10^2 cm^-3 to 10^6 cm^-3, but above this density, the temperature rises and H2 cooling dominates again. Because of this, the accretion rate on to the protostar is almost the same as in the H2 case (at least for accreted masses below 50-100 Msun), therefore we argue that HD cooling in ionized halos will probably not result in a population of significantly lower mass stars.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures, with referee suggestions; ApJ accepted
Workshop day 3: Elicitation of kinship vocabulary
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Ammon, Danny
name: Begay, Kayla
name: George-Moore, Melodie
name: Jackson, Silis
name: Newbold, Lindsey
name: Spence, Justin
name: Lincoln, Perry
name: Parker, Otis
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio file VP-240711-01: Elicitation of kinship vocabulary. Recorded in a classroom at Captain John High School as part of a language workshop in Hoopa Valley. The participants identified here were present at most sessions during the workshop; additional people were also present, some of whom participate in the conversation.
Topological twisting of conformal supercharges
Creators: name: Park, Jeong-Hyuck
name: Tsimpis, Dimitrios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Putting a twisted version of N=4 super Yang-Mills on a curved four-dimensional manifold generically breaks all conformal supersymmetries. In the special case where the four-manifold is a cone, we show that exactly two conformal supercharges remain unbroken. We construct an off-shell formulation of the theory such that the two unbroken conformal supercharges combine into a family of topological charges parameterized by CP^1. The resulting theory is topological in the sense that it is independent of the metric on the three-dimensional base of the cone.
description: 1+33 pages; references added, an address changed
A Paradigm for Spreadsheet Engineering Methodologies
Creators: name: Grossman, Thomas A.
name: Ozluk, Ozgur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.1.7; D.2.1; D.2.11; D.3.2; D.3.3; H.4.1; K.6.4; K.8.1

description: Spreadsheet engineering methodologies are diverse and sometimes contradictory. It is difficult for spreadsheet developers to identify a spreadsheet engineering methodology that is appropriate for their class of spreadsheet, with its unique combination of goals, type of problem, and available time and resources. There is a lack of well-organized, proven methodologies with known costs and benefits for well-defined spreadsheet classes. It is difficult to compare and critically evaluate methodologies. We present a paradigm for organizing and interpreting spreadsheet engineering recommendations. It systematically addresses the myriad choices made when developing a spreadsheet, and explicitly considers resource constraints and other development parameters. This paradigm provides a framework for evaluation, comparison, and selection of methodologies, and a list of essential elements for developers or codifiers of new methodologies. This paradigm identifies gaps in our knowledge that merit further research.
description: 11 Pages
Information in foreign exchange markets
Creators: name: Rosov, Sviatoslav
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: HG3851.R67 2011
subject: Foreign exchange market
subject: Financial risk management Simulation methods

description: This thesis investigates the theory that customer order flow conveys information about foreign exchange (FX) prices. This proposition has not been extensively tested due to the difficulties in obtaining sufficiently detailed private trading data. I use a unique data set from a leading Australian commercial bank that has records on every FX trade made in the spot AUD/USD market by the bank between 2005 and 2011. To address the research question, I first search for cointegration between the FX rate and cumulative order flow. This is a testable implication of the Evans and Lyons (2002b) model. I find little evidence in support of a cointegrating relation. Instead I turn to a static analysis on order flows and returns using simple regression. The results find no statistically significant correlation between customer order flow and FX returns. However, consistent with the liquidity provision role of non-financial clients in Evans and Lyons (2002b), I find a statistically significant negative correlation between order flow from the Diversified economic sector and FX returns. Next, I perform a dynamic analysis on order flows and returns using a Vector Autoregression model. The results suggest that order flow has a limited price impact with the exception of the Diversified sector. This sector's price impact tends to be negative, which is consistent with the static analysis. The variance decompositions show evidence of significant information shares, which is consistent with previous findings showing that order flow can be informative about the FX rate without having a permanent price impact. Finally, I focus on individual clients and use Monte Carlo simulation to generate a benchmark for expected cash flows that allows me to isolate potentially informed clients based on trading profitability. The results find few exceptionally profitable clients, consistent with the weak information effects found in the other chapters. These results suggest that the customer order flow of a typical commercial bank, without a significant institutional market share, does not carry information about FX prices. Even if customer order flow is informative about the exchange rate, its practical application requires data on a large proportion of market-wide institutional trading. The benefit of FX microstructure to smaller market participants appears limited.
The commutants of certain Toeplitz operators on weighted Bergman spaces
Creators: name: Le, Trieu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47B35

description: For $α>-1$, let $A^2_α$ be the corresponding weighted Bergman space of the unit ball in $\mathbb{C}^n$. For a bounded measurable function $f$, let $T_f$ be the Toeplitz operator with symbol $f$ on $A^2_α$. This paper describes all the functions $f$ for which $T_f$ commutes with a given $T_g$, where $g(z)=z_{1}^{L_1}... z_{n}^{L_n}$ for strictly positive integers $L_1,..., L_n$, or $g(z)=|z_1|^{s_1}... |z_n|^{s_n}h(|z|)$ for non-negative real numbers $s_1,..., s_n$ and a bounded measurable function $h$ on $[0,1)$.
description: 18 pages
Constrained Consensus
Creators: name: Nedić, Angelia
name: Ozdaglar, Asuman
name: Parrilo, Pablo A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present distributed algorithms that can be used by multiple agents to align their estimates with a particular value over a network with time-varying connectivity. Our framework is general in that this value can represent a consensus value among multiple agents or an optimal solution of an optimization problem, where the global objective function is a combination of local agent objective functions. Our main focus is on constrained problems where the estimate of each agent is restricted to lie in a different constraint set. To highlight the effects of constraints, we first consider a constrained consensus problem and present a distributed ``projected consensus algorithm'' in which agents combine their local averaging operation with projection on their individual constraint sets. This algorithm can be viewed as a version of an alternating projection method with weights that are varying over time and across agents. We establish convergence and convergence rate results for the projected consensus algorithm. We next study a constrained optimization problem for optimizing the sum of local objective functions of the agents subject to the intersection of their local constraint sets. We present a distributed ``projected subgradient algorithm'' which involves each agent performing a local averaging operation, taking a subgradient step to minimize its own objective function, and projecting on its constraint set. We show that, with an appropriately selected stepsize rule, the agent estimates generated by this algorithm converge to the same optimal solution for the cases when the weights are constant and equal, and when the weights are time-varying but all agents have the same constraint set.
description: 35 pages. Included additional results, removed two subsections, added references, fixed typos
The interfacial profile in two-loop order
Creators: name: Küster, Jens
name: Münster, Gernot
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The profile of interfaces separating different phases of statistical systems is investigated in the framework of renormalized field theory. The profile function is calculated analytically in the local potential approximation, using the effective potential to two loops. It can be interpreted as an intrinsic interfacial profile. The loop corrections to the leading tanh-type term turn out to be small. They yield a broadening of the interface.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure, uses feynmf.sty, revised version, to be published in J. Stat. Phys
Freut euch, ihr Völker, mit Gottes Volk! (Röm 15,11)
Creators: name: Kriener, Katja
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 57 Nr. 4 (2008): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 57, Heft 4
S Table 1 from Infection of Norway lobster (Nephrops norvegicus) by the parasite Hematodinium sp.: insights from 30 years of field observations
Creators: name: Molto-Martin, Irene
name: Neil, Douglas M.
name: Coates, Christopher J.
name: MacKenzie, Simon A.
name: Bass, David
name: Stentiford, Grant D.
name: Albalat, Amaya
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 420299
subject: Epidemiology not elsewhere classified

description: The Norway lobster, Nephrops norvegicus, is an important representative of the benthos and also supports valuable fisheries across Europe. Nephrops are susceptible to infection by Hematodinium sp., an endoparasitic dinoflagellate that causes morbidity and mortality. From an epizootiological perspective, the Clyde Sea Area (CSA; west of Scotland) is the best-studied Hematodinium–Nephrops pathosystem, with historical data available between 1988 and 2008. We have revisited this pathosystem by curating and updating prevalence values, differentiating host traits associated with disease exposure and progression, and comparing Hematodinium sp. disease dynamics in the CSA to other locations and to other decapod hosts (Cancer pagurus, Carcinus maenas). Prevalence from a 2018/2019 survey (involving 1739 lobsters) revealed Hematodinium sp. still mounts a synchronized patent infection in the CSA, hence this pathogen can be considered as enzootic in this location. We highlight for the first time that Nephrops size is associated with high severity infection, while females are more exposed to Hematodinium sp. More generally, regardless of the host (Norway lobster, brown and shore crabs) or the geographical area (Ireland, Wales, Scotland), Hematodinium sp. patent infections peak in spring/summer and reach their nadir during autumn. We contend that Hematodinium must be considered one of the most important pathogens of decapod crustaceans in temperate waters.
Test and Evaluation Framework for Multi-Agent Systems of Autonomous Intelligent Agents
Creators: name: Lanus, Erin
name: Hernandez, Ivan
name: Dachowicz, Adam
name: Freeman, Laura
name: Grande, Melanie
name: Lang, Andrew
name: Panchal, Jitesh H.
name: Patrick, Anthony
name: Welch, Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Test and evaluation is a necessary process for ensuring that engineered systems perform as intended under a variety of conditions, both expected and unexpected. In this work, we consider the unique challenges of developing a unifying test and evaluation framework for complex ensembles of cyber-physical systems with embedded artificial intelligence. We propose a framework that incorporates test and evaluation throughout not only the development life cycle, but continues into operation as the system learns and adapts in a noisy, changing, and contended environment. The framework accounts for the challenges of testing the integration of diverse systems at various hierarchical scales of composition while respecting that testing time and resources are limited. A generic use case is provided for illustrative purposes and research directions emerging as a result of exploring the use case via the framework are suggested.
Tri-bimaximal Neutrino Mixing from Orbifolding
Creators: name: Altarelli, Guido
name: Feruglio, Ferruccio
name: Lin, Yin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the A4 discrete symmetry that naturally leads to tri-bimaximal neutrino mixing can be simply obtained as a result of an orbifolding starting from a model in 6 dimensions. This particular orbifolding has four fixed points where 4 dimensional branes are located and the tetrahedral symmetry of A4 connects these branes. In this approach A4 appears after the reduction from six to four dimensions as a remnant of the 6D space-time symmetry. A previously discussed supersymmetric version of A4 is reinterpreted along these lines.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures
On Super-Planckian Fields at Sub-Planckian Energies
Creators: name: Nicolis, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a light scalar coupled to gravity, I study the gravitational backreaction associated with large field variations. I show a generic obstruction in sourcing a super-Planckian scalar profile without making the whole experiment collapse into a black hole. In empty space the scalar variation obeys an absolute bound, of order of the Planck scale. A Newtonian analysis suggests that inside its sources the scalar can undergo arbitrarily large variations without causing large gravitational backreactions. However the maximum attainable Δϕincreases only logarithmically with the size of the source. The bound straightforwardly generalizes to any number of dimensions, and to moduli space-like cases, where it applies to the invariant length in field space as measured by the kinetic metric.
description: 11 pages
Role of phosphoinositide 3-kinase in platelet responses to platelet-activating factor
Creators: name: Lauener, Ronald William
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Platelets are necessary for hemostasis but are also involved in a broad range of pathophysiologic processes such as atherosclerosis and thrombosis. Platelet activating factor (PAF), an inflammatory mediator, is an important physiological regulator of platelet function. The major objective of this work was to determine the role of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase) in platelet responses to platelet activating factor. We show, for the first time in platelets, that PAF activates PI 3-kinase over a rapid time course that correlates closely with the aggregation response. The potent PI 3-kinase inhibitors, wortmannin and 2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-l-benzopyran-4-one (LY294002) were used to probe the dependence of PAF-induced aggregation and dense granule release on PI 3-kinase. Both compounds markedly inhibited PAF-induced aggregation; however, only at low activation states giving reversible aggregation (primary phase) did this correlate with PI 3-kinase inhibition. Secretion, measured as release of 3Hhydroxytryptamine, was inhibited to a maximum of 30 % and only at low concentrations of PAF. We suggest that PI 3-kinase activation is important for reversible (primary) aggregation of platelets in response to PAF, perhaps by contributing to the 'inside-out' activation of platelet glycoprotein Ilbllla, the fibrinogen receptor. PI 3-kinase only plays a minor role in PAF induced dense granule release at low activation states. Both responses are dramatically less dependent on PI 3-kinase activity when high concentrations of PAF are used, suggesting greater contribution from other pathways. Tyrosine kinases appear to be important regulators of PI 3-kinase at high PAF levels as stimulation results in a greater than 10 fold increase in PI 3-kinase activity associated with tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins. The p85 regulatory subunit of PI 3-kinase is not tyrosine-phosphorylated. Rather, the enzyme associates rapidly with a major tyrosinephosphorylated 115 kDa protein, a potential regulator of PI 3-kinase activation in platelets. This protein was not immunoreactive with several antibodies to proteins in this molecular weight range known to be tyrosine phosphorylated and to associate with PI 3- kinase on cell activation.
A Toolkit for Scalable Spreadsheet Visualization
Creators: name: Clermont, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.1.7; D.2.1; D.2.11; D.3.2; D.3.3; H.4.1; K.6.4; K.8.1

description: This paper presents a toolkit for spreadsheet visualization based on logical areas, semantic classes and data modules. Logical areas, semantic classes and data modules are abstract representations of spreadsheet programs that are meant to reduce the auditing and comprehension effort, especially for large and regular spreadsheets. The toolkit is integrated as a plug-in in the Gnumeric spreadsheet system for Linux. It can process large, industry scale spreadsheet programs in reasonable time and is tightly integrated with its host spreadsheet system. Users can generate hierarchical and graph-based representations of their spreadsheets. This allows them to spot conceptual similarities in different regions of the spreadsheet, that would otherwise not fit on a screen. As it is assumed that the learning effort for effective use of such a tool should be kept low, we aim for intuitive handling of most of the tool's functions.
description: 12 Pages
S Table 3 from Infection of Norway lobster (Nephrops norvegicus) by the parasite Hematodinium sp.: insights from 30 years of field observations
Creators: name: Molto-Martin, Irene
name: Neil, Douglas M.
name: Coates, Christopher J.
name: MacKenzie, Simon A.
name: Bass, David
name: Stentiford, Grant D.
name: Albalat, Amaya
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 420299
subject: Epidemiology not elsewhere classified

description: The Norway lobster, Nephrops norvegicus, is an important representative of the benthos and also supports valuable fisheries across Europe. Nephrops are susceptible to infection by Hematodinium sp., an endoparasitic dinoflagellate that causes morbidity and mortality. From an epizootiological perspective, the Clyde Sea Area (CSA; west of Scotland) is the best-studied Hematodinium–Nephrops pathosystem, with historical data available between 1988 and 2008. We have revisited this pathosystem by curating and updating prevalence values, differentiating host traits associated with disease exposure and progression, and comparing Hematodinium sp. disease dynamics in the CSA to other locations and to other decapod hosts (Cancer pagurus, Carcinus maenas). Prevalence from a 2018/2019 survey (involving 1739 lobsters) revealed Hematodinium sp. still mounts a synchronized patent infection in the CSA, hence this pathogen can be considered as enzootic in this location. We highlight for the first time that Nephrops size is associated with high severity infection, while females are more exposed to Hematodinium sp. More generally, regardless of the host (Norway lobster, brown and shore crabs) or the geographical area (Ireland, Wales, Scotland), Hematodinium sp. patent infections peak in spring/summer and reach their nadir during autumn. We contend that Hematodinium must be considered one of the most important pathogens of decapod crustaceans in temperate waters.
As'adiyah traditions : the construction and reproduction of religious authority in contemporary South Sulawesi
Creators: name: Halim, Wahyuddin
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2015

description: As'adiyah is the largest and most significant religious institution in South Sulawesi from the second part of the twentieth century, and Anregurutta Muhammad As'ad al-Bugis (1907-1952), the founder of this institution, has been a significant figure in the formation, transformation and reproduction of Islamic authority in the region. The literature on Islamic education and Islamic authority in Indonesia has tended to focus on Java and to a lesser extent on Sumatra. In addition, most of these studies still pay little attention on the complex relation between religious educational institutions and the formation and reproduction of religious authority, a topic of great significance to understand. This study contributes to our understanding of the significant role of religious education and institutions in Indonesia and their crucial influence on the construction and reproduction of religious authority, through a study of a major non-Java based religious network. This anthropological study explores the multiple dimensions of influence of As'adiyah as a religious and educational institution in especially local community. It contributes to our understanding of the development of Islam in South Sulawesi and beyond, particularly in the Bugis diaspora. In the unique context of the hierarchical Bugis society, As'adiyah has provided an avenue for an upwards social mobility for all people, regardless of their social status. Through its educational and religious programs, in particular, this institution has enabled many young Muslims to obtain religious knowledge and to accumulate social and cultural capital which are essential for their claim for religious authority and for their becoming elite members of society. As'adiyah was first merely madrasah (Islamic school) and pesantren (Islamic boarding school) which later developed into a socio-religious institution whose programs encompassed religious, social, cultural and economic aspects of the local Muslim community. In the field of Islamic education, As'adiyah operates various formal and non-formal Islamic education programs, the branches of which can be found in many parts of South Sulawesi province and elsewhere. This study looks at how religious authority disseminated, exercised and maintained by As'adiyah within the Muslim society in Wajo and examines the role of this institution as the transmitter, interpreter and mediator of global, textual Islam to the local context of Muslim society. Finally, this study investigates the process though which As'adiyah has come to provide a sub-religious Islamic identity as well as sustaining cultural (Bugis) identity among its students, graduates, members and affiliates.
Space-Time Quantum Metasurfaces
Creators: name: Kort-Kamp, Wilton J. M.
name: Azad, Abul K.
name: Dalvit, Diego A. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Metasurfaces are a key photonic platform to manipulate classical light using sub-wavelength structures with designer optical response. Static metasurfaces have recently entered the realm of quantum photonics, showing their ability to tailor nonclassical states of light. We introduce the concept of space-time quantum metasurfaces for dynamical control of quantum light. We provide illustrative examples of the impact of spatio-temporally modulated metasurfaces in quantum photonics, including the creation of frequency-spin-path hyperentanglement on a single photon and the realization of space-time asymmetry at the deepest level of the quantum vacuum. Photonic platforms based on the space-time quantum metasurface concept have the potential to enable novel functionalities, such as on-demand entanglement generation for quantum communications, nonreciprocal photon propagation for free-space quantum isolation, and reconfigurable quantum imaging and sensing.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Quantum gates between capacitively coupled double quantum dot two-spin qubits
Creators: name: Stepanenko, Dimitrije
name: Burkard, Guido
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the two-qubit controlled-not gate operating on qubits encoded in the spin state of a pair of electrons in a double quantum dot. We assume that the electrons can tunnel between the two quantum dots encoding a single qubit, while tunneling between the quantum dots that belong to different qubits is forbidden. Therefore, the two qubits interact exclusively through the direct Coulomb repulsion of the electrons. We find that entangling two-qubit gates can be performed by the electrical biasing of quantum dots and/or tuning of the tunneling matrix elements between the quantum dots within the qubits. The entangling interaction can be controlled by tuning the bias through the resonance between the singly-occupied and doubly-occupied singlet ground states of a double quantum dot.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
Workshop day 2: Discussion of the fish dam at Xowung-q'it
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Ammon, Danny
name: Begay, Kayla
name: George-Moore, Melodie
name: Jackson, Silis
name: Newbold, Lindsey
name: Spence, Justin
name: Lincoln, Perry
name: Parker, Otis
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio file VP-230711-08; video files VP-230711-08-1 through VP-230711-08-4: Discussion of the fish dam that people used to make in the river at Xowung-q'it, in Hupa and English. Video file VP-230711-08-2 corresponds to the audio file. Three other video files were recorded at the same location: Verdena discusses the fish weir in English (VP-230711-08-1, no separate audio file created), and footage of the river with incidental conversation in English in the background (VP-230711-08-3 and VP-230711-08-4). Recorded at Xowung-q'it as part of a language workshop in Hoopa Valley. The participants identified here were present at most sessions during the workshop; additional people were also present, some of whom participate in the conversation. The audio recording was previously deposited with the Endangered Language Archive (ELAR) with identifier "0186-20140318 - River," part of the collection "Expanding the Documentation and Description of Hupa (Athabaskan)" (collection ID hupa-campbell-0186).
Self-Supervised learning with cross-modal transformers for emotion recognition
Creators: name: Khare, Aparna
name: Parthasarathy, Srinivas
name: Sundaram, Shiva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Emotion recognition is a challenging task due to limited availability of in-the-wild labeled datasets. Self-supervised learning has shown improvements on tasks with limited labeled datasets in domains like speech and natural language. Models such as BERT learn to incorporate context in word embeddings, which translates to improved performance in downstream tasks like question answering. In this work, we extend self-supervised training to multi-modal applications. We learn multi-modal representations using a transformer trained on the masked language modeling task with audio, visual and text features. This model is fine-tuned on the downstream task of emotion recognition. Our results on the CMU-MOSEI dataset show that this pre-training technique can improve the emotion recognition performance by up to 3% compared to the baseline.
description: To appear in SLT2020
A comparative analysis of understandings of sexual behaviour among key stakeholders in UK secondary schools
Creators: name: Yamamoto, Beverley
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: Introduction & Objectives
In many school settings adolescent sexuality had been discussed largely in terms of sexual behaviour and risk. Little attention has been given to the positive aspects of sexuality and sexual expression. This study sought to explore how key stakeholders in three secondary schools in the UK understand youth sexual behaviours.

Conclusions
The study revealed that the teenage mothers, who had received considerable sexuality education, were better able to articulate positive ideas around sexuality than the access students. The teachers were well informed and took age 16 as a significant marker.

Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant-in Aid for Scientific Research Number 24510377
Randomized Deep Structured Prediction for Discourse-Level Processing
Creators: name: Widmoser, Manuel
name: Pacheco, Maria Leonor
name: Honorio, Jean
name: Goldwasser, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Expressive text encoders such as RNNs and Transformer Networks have been at the center of NLP models in recent work. Most of the effort has focused on sentence-level tasks, capturing the dependencies between words in a single sentence, or pairs of sentences. However, certain tasks, such as argumentation mining, require accounting for longer texts and complicated structural dependencies between them. Deep structured prediction is a general framework to combine the complementary strengths of expressive neural encoders and structured inference for highly structured domains. Nevertheless, when the need arises to go beyond sentences, most work relies on combining the output scores of independently trained classifiers. One of the main reasons for this is that constrained inference comes at a high computational cost. In this paper, we explore the use of randomized inference to alleviate this concern and show that we can efficiently leverage deep structured prediction and expressive neural encoders for a set of tasks involving complicated argumentative structures.
description: Accepted to EACL 2021
First Principles Electronic Structure of Mn doped GaAs, GaP, and GaN semiconductors
Creators: name: Schulthess, T. C.
name: Temmerman, W. M.
name: Szotek, Z.
name: Svane, A.
name: Petit, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present first-principles electronic structure calculations of Mn doped III-V semiconductors based on the local spin-density approximation (LSDA) as well as the self-interaction corrected local spin density method (SIC-LSD). We find that it is crucial to use a self-interaction free approach to properly describe the electronic ground state. The SIC-LSD calculations predict the proper electronic ground state configuration for Mn in GaAs, GaP, and GaN. Excellent quantitative agreement with experiment is found for magnetic moment and p-d exchange in (GaMn)As. These results allow us to validate commonly used models for magnetic semiconductors. Furthermore, we discuss the delicate problem of extracting binding energies of localized levels from density functional theory calculations. We propose three approaches to take into account final state effects to estimate the binding energies of the Mn-d levels in GaAs. We find good agreement between computed values and estimates from photoemisison experiments.
description: 25 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables
A comparison of the impacts of intimate partner violence when sexual violence is or is not experienced
Creators: name: Guggisberg, Marika
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: Introduction: Intimate partner violence (IPV) continues to present a significant global problem. Sexual violence is often one aspect of IPV. A significant amount of personal and social cost arises from IPV, particularly when sexual violence is experienced. Many victimised women engage in alcohol/other drug use as a way of coping, which presents additional problems. This presentation will raise awareness of the impact of different forms of IPV and the particular impact of sexual violence when compared to victimisation where no sexual violence is experienced. Results of this study may assist in the development of more effective prevention and intervention guidelines for professionals working with women who have experienced sexual violence as part of IPV victimisation.

Objectives: The overall aim of this study was to compare different forms of IPV victimisation with particular focus on sexual violence in association with mental health and behavioural problems.

Conclusion: This study contributes to an increased understanding of the extensive negative impact of IPV, particularly when sexual violence is involved. These issues are relevant for the whole society as negative effects of victimisation may be felt for many years and transgress from one generation to another. Implications suggest that professionals encountering women subjected to sexual violence as part of IPV should negotiate a careful path through the maze of fear, betrayal, pain and emotional injury to offer these women and their children a space of safety and help.
CLARIAH-DE Work Package 1: Research Data, Standards and Procedures
Creators: name: Boenig, Matthias
name: Fisseni, Bernhard
name: Gradl, Tobias
name: Hug, Marius
name: Jegan, Robin
name: Schulz, Daniela
name: Sendler, Simon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: CLARIAH-DE
CLARIAH
Vollversammlung
General Assembly
Research Data
Standards
Procedures
Research Infrastructure

description: This poster summarizes the results of the CLARIAH-DE Work Package 1: Research Data, Standards and Procedures Inevitably, the handling of data as a mutual concern of the two infrastructural projects CLARIN-D and DARIAH-DE involves some overlap and complementary developments and thus offers potential for synergies. Therefore, since 2019, both infrastructures and their processes and standards have been consolidated within CLARIAH-DE. Building on earlier collaborations and coordinated activities, the developments that had hitherto occurred concurrently will become interoperable in the future.
 This will be made possible, among other things, by the harmonisation of standards and procedures for the creation, processing and archiving of data and tools within Work Package (WP) 1.
description: Funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research. Funding Reference Number 01UG1910 A to I.
Effects of Human vs. Automatic Feedback on Students' Understanding of AI Concepts and Programming Style
Creators: name: Leite, Abe
name: Blanco, Saúl A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: K.3.2

description: The use of automatic grading tools has become nearly ubiquitous in large undergraduate programming courses, and recent work has focused on improving the quality of automatically generated feedback. However, there is a relative lack of data directly comparing student outcomes when receiving computer-generated feedback and human-written feedback. This paper addresses this gap by splitting one 90-student class into two feedback groups and analyzing differences in the two cohorts' performance. The class is an intro to AI with programming HW assignments. One group of students received detailed computer-generated feedback on their programming assignments describing which parts of the algorithms' logic was missing; the other group additionally received human-written feedback describing how their programs' syntax relates to issues with their logic, and qualitative (style) recommendations for improving their code. Results on quizzes and exam questions suggest that human feedback helps students obtain a better conceptual understanding, but analyses found no difference between the groups' ability to collaborate on the final project. The course grade distribution revealed that students who received human-written feedback performed better overall; this effect was the most pronounced in the middle two quartiles of each group. These results suggest that feedback about the syntax-logic relation may be a primary mechanism by which human feedback improves student outcomes.
description: Published in SIGCSE '20: Proceedings of the 51st ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education
DRAMATIC CHILD-HERO: EXISTENCE, INTERRELATION AND DIFFERENTIATION OF AESTHETIC PHENOMENA
Creators: name: Mavlyanova, Nigina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Authors of world literature have addressed the image of a child and the theme of childhood for many centuries, saying that "in the historical and literary depiction of childhood, like other periods of human development, there is a complex of aesthetic values strengthened by cultural development, connected with cultural tradition and social has a variable character under the influence of trends. Changing and acquiring new functions, the artistic image of a child embodied in literature is the key to understanding what a child "is" in the entire historical process.