cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
CLEMENTE, Manuel José Macário do Nascimento - Nas Origens do Apostolado Contemporâneo em Portugal: A Sociedade Católica (1843-1853). Braga: Universidade Católica Portuguesa - Faculdade de Teologia, 1993. 296 p.
Creators: name: Gomes, J. Pinharanda
Publisher: name: Lusitania Sacra
Year: 1999

description: Lusitania Sacra, n. 11 (1999): Sentimento, Religião e Política na Época Moderna
Observations and radiative transfer modelling of a massive dense cold core in G333
Creators: name: Lo, N.
name: Redman, M. P.
name: Jones, P. A.
name: Cunningham, M. R.
name: Chhetri, R.
name: Bains, I.
name: Burton, M. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cold massive cores are one of the earliest manifestations of high mass star formation. Following the detection of SiO emission from G333.125-0.562, a cold massive core, further investigations of the physics, chemistry and dynamics of this object has been carried out. Mopra and NANTEN2 molecular line profile observations, Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) line and continuum emission maps, and Spitzer 24 and 70 \mum images were obtained. These new data further constrain the properties of this prime example of the very early stages of high mass star formation. A model for the source was constructed and compared directly with the molecular line data using a 3D molecular line transfer code - MOLLIE. The ATCA data reveal that G333.125-0.562 is composed of two sources. One of the sources is responsible for the previously detected molecular outflow and is detected in the Spitzer 24 and 70 \mum band data. Turbulent velocity widths are lower than other more active regions of G333 which reflects the younger evolutionary stage and/or lower mass of this core. The molecular line modelling requires abundances of the CO isotopes that strongly imply heavy depletion due to freeze-out of this species onto dust grains. The principal cloud is cold, moderately turbulent and possesses an outflow which indicates the presence of a central driving source. The secondary source could be an even less evolved object as no apparent associations with continuum emissions at (far-)infrared wavelengths.
description: 10 pages, accepted to MNRAS
Abyssal Hill Segmentation: Quantitative Analysis of the East Pacific Rise Flanks 7°S-9°S
Creators: name: Goff, John
name: Malinverno, Alberto
name: Fornari, Daniel J.
name: Cochran, James R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Marine geophysics
subject: Plate tectonics
subject: Mid-ocean ridges

description: The recent RN Maurice Ewing EW9105 Hydrosweep survey of the East Pacific Rise (EPR) and adjacent flanks between 7°S and 9°S provides an excellent opportunity to explore the causal relationship between the ridge and the abyssal hills which form on its flanks. These data cover 100% of the flanking abyssal hills to 115 km on either side of the axis. We apply the methodology of Goff and Jordan (1988) for estimating statistical characteristics of abyssal hill morphology (rms height, characteristic lengths and widths, plan view aspect ratio, azimuthal orientation, and fractal dimension). Principal observations include the following: (I) the rms height of abyssal hill morphology is negatively correlated with the width of the 5- to 20-km-wide crestal high, consistent with the observations of Goff (1991) for northern EPR abyssal hill morphology; (2) the characteristic abyssal hill width displays no systematic variation with position relative to ridge segmentation within the EW9105 survey area, in contrast with observations of Goff (1991) for northern EPR abyssal hill morphology in which characteristic widths tend to be smallest al segment ends and largest toward the middle of segments; (3) abyssal hill rms heights and characteristic widths are very large just north of a counterclockwise rotating "nannoplate", suggesting that the overlap region is being pushed northward in response to microplate-style tectonics; and (4) within the 7°12'S-8°38'S segment, abyssal hill lineaments are generally parallel to the ridge axis, while south of this area, abyssal hill lineaments rotate with a larger "radius of curvature" than does the EPR axis approaching the EPR-Wilkes ridge-transform intersection.
CLAVERO, Bartolomé - Antidora: Antropologia catolica de la economia moderna. Milão: Giuffrè Editore, 1991
Creators: name: Cardim, Pedro
Publisher: name: Lusitania Sacra
Year: 1999

description: Lusitania Sacra, n. 11 (1999): Sentimento, Religião e Política na Época Moderna
Evolution of tetragonal phase in the FeSe wire fabricated by a novel chemical-transformation PIT process
Creators: name: Izawa, Hiroki
name: Mizuguchi, Yoshikazu
name: Ozaki, Toshinori
name: Takano, Yoshihiko
name: Miura, Osuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We fabricated superconducting FeSe wires by the chemical-transformation PIT process. The obvious correlation between annealing temperature and phase transformation was observed. Annealing above 500^{\circ}C produced wire-core transformation from hexagonal to tetragonal phase. Furthermore the hexagonal phase completely transformed into the tetragonal phase by annealing at 1000^{\circ}C. With increasing annealing temperature, the superconducting property was dramatically improved, associated with the evolution of the tetragonal phase.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
AMARAL, Luís Carlos - São Salvador de Grijó na segunda metade do século XIV: Estudo de gestão agrária. Lisboa: Cosmos, 1994. 321 p.
Creators: name: Gomes, Saul António
Publisher: name: Lusitania Sacra
Year: 1999

description: Lusitania Sacra, n. 11 (1999): Sentimento, Religião e Política na Época Moderna
GODOY FERNÁNDEZ, Cristina - Arqueología y liturgia: Iglesias hispânicas (siglos IV al VIII). Barcelona: Publicaciones de la Universitad de Barcelona, 1995.
Creators: name: Jorge, Ana Maria C. M.
Publisher: name: Lusitania Sacra
Year: 1999

description: Lusitania Sacra, n. 11 (1999): Sentimento, Religião e Política na Época Moderna
Himalayan Uplift, Sea Level, and the Record of Bengal Fan Sedimentation at the ODP Leg 116 Sites
Creators: name: Cochran, James R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1990
Subjects: Marine geophysics
Submarine fans
Continental margins
Marine sediments--Analysis

description: Three closely spaced sites located 800 km south of Sri Lanka on the distal Bengal Fan were drilled during ODP Leg 116. Two of these sites, 717 and 718, together penetrated over 1300 of the 2000 m of stratigraphic section present at that location and provide a complete record of sedimentation since the lower Miocene. The entire section consists of turbidites, primarily derived from the Ganges-Brahmaputra delta. The main controls on sedimentation appear to be the uplift and erosion history of the Himalayas, along with the position of sea level relative to the shelf edge. Although the base of the fan was not penetrated, a number of lines of evidence suggest that it was approached and that fan sedimentation began in the lower Miocene. This corresponds in time with the oldest known molasse sedimentation in India and Pakistan and probably represents the time of beginning of major uplift and erosion in the Himalayas. Sedimentation continued at a substantial rate from the lower Miocene to the upper Pliocene indicating continued erosion and thus presumably continuing uplift and significant relief in the Himalayas during that time. The unconformity in seismic sections corresponding to the beginning of intraplate deformation can be dated as occurring between 7.5 and 8.0 Ma. It does not correspond to any change in the nature of the sediments. A change from the gray, silt-mud turbidites that had predominated throughout the Miocene to finer muddy, black organic-rich turbidites occurred in the uppermost Miocene. However, this occurred at 5.6-6.7 Ma in the Messinian, 1-2 m.y. after the beginning of the intraplate deformation. The Messinian change in the character of the sediments appears to result from a rise in mean sea level which occurred at that time. The beginning of intraplate deformation is probably due to a change in the plate boundary forces, perhaps resulting from the beginning of east-west extension in southern Tibet. A return to the deposition of coarser, silty turbidites occurred in the upper Pleistocene at about 800 ka. These sediments accumulated at very high rates until the Holocene. The beginning of the deposition of this unit corresponds in time to the marked intensification of the Pliocene-Pleistocene glaciations. The greater sea level variations resulting from the more intense glacial cycles may have resulted in completely exposing the shelf during glacial maximum with the sediment load of the rivers delivered directly to the continental slope.
Spatial and temporal variability of double diffusive structures in Powell Lake, British Columbia
Creators: name: Zaloga, Artem
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: The spatial and temporal properties of naturally occurring double diffusive (DD) structures present in the bottom waters of Powell Lake, British Columbia were investigated. Observations were obtained from four annual surveys consisting of vertical cm-resolution conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) profiles along the 9 km length of the lake, and from a month-long mooring consisting of thirty-eight temperature sensors and two current meters. DD layers were identified by isolating clusters on temperature-salinity (T-S) diagrams, and tracked spatially and temporally throughout each of the CTD surveys. The layers were observed to be persistent over four years, and horizontally coherent over the entire lake length at depths of 336-347 m. In this region the vertical density ratio (a non-dimensional measure of the relative strengths of vertical temperature and salinity gradients), Rρz, and buoyancy frequency, N, were near constant at Rρz = 2.2 ± 0.2 and N = (2.3 ± 0.3) x 10‐³ s‐¹, and the Rayleigh number reached a peak at Ra ≈ 10⁷. Layers just above and below this region were less horizontally-coherent and with larger values of Rρz and N. Spatial variations in layer depth and the background temperature/salinity distribution showed persistent trends throughout the study period. These trends indicated that layer slope and horizontal property gradients are linked and that the horizontal density ratio may be an indicator of the mean layer slope. Linear fits to the layer properties indicated that a horizontal density ratio of Rρx = -0.35 ± 0.17 was accompanied by a mean layer slope of ∆z/ ∆x = 0.05 ± 0.02 m/km. An individual DD step within one of the stable and horizontally coherent DD layers was identified within the moored temperature time series and tracked over the course of a week. The convective regime within the DD step was observed to be composed of intermittent thermal plumes emitted from the bottom diffusive interface. The features appeared as a common peak in the mean DD step temperature and horizontal velocity power spectra. The plumes had a period of ∼22 minutes (coinciding well with the buoyancy period within the diffusive interface), a temperature scale of T' ≈ 0.2 m°C, and horizontal and vertical velocity scales of u' = w' ≈ 0.5 mm/s.
Crustal structure and the mechanism of extension in the northern Red Sea: Constraints from gravity anomalies
Creators: name: Cochran, James R.
name: Gaulier, Jean-Michel
name: Le Pichon, Xavier
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1991
Subjects: subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Rifts (Geology)
subject: Lithosphere
subject: Mantle of the Earth
subject: Gravity anomalies

description: Gravity data from detailed marine surveys were used to investigate the density structure of the crust and upper mantle beneath the northern Red Sea, a continental rift considered by many to be in the process of establishing a mid-ocean ridge type spreading center. A gravity and bathymetry profile across the sea near 27°N was analyzed in detail. Model constraints include single-channel and multichannel seismic reflection lines coincident with the gravity profile, which provide detailed information on sedimentary layers, a series of ESP seismic experiments centered nearly on the gravity line which constrain the sediment and crustal thickness, and a series of 58 closely spaced heat flow measurements nearly coincident with the gravity line which closely constrain the mantle thermal structure and thus density variations within the mantle. The calculated gravity anomalies based on the known crustal and mantle structure fail to match the observed data. Specifically, the model anomalies become steadily more negative from the margins toward the center of the sea with the result that the calculated gravity is approximately 25 mGal more negative near the axis relative to the marginal areas than are the observed anomalies. Two possible solutions were investigated. One is to introduce a lower crustal layer resulting from crustal underplating within what was originally considered to be the upper mantle beneath the marginal areas. The other is to introduce an area of slightly denser crust resulting from intrusion of new mafic crustal material within the axial depression. Both solutions can reproduce the observed gravity anomalies within the Red Sea. However, the complete set of geophysical data, and in particular the heat flow in the Red Sea and gravity and seismic refraction data on land, suggests that the most satisfactory model is that the crust of the axial depression is denser than that of the marginal areas. This implies that crustal extension in the northern Red Sea is presently occurring in large part by intrusion of new mafic material.
The Union of Soviet Friendship Societies in the Middle East
Creators: name: Casula, Philipp
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: The paper assesses Soviet cultural outreach to the Arab world by analysing documents of the Union of Soviet Societies for Friendship and Cultural Contacts collected at the GARF (R-9576).
description: As presented at the workshop on "Arab-Soviet Internationalism – Socialist Internationalism, International Organizations and the Politics of Revolution in the 20th and 21st Centuries" (Berlin, Forum Transregionale Studien, 13.-15-7.2022)
Forbidden induced subgraphs of double-split graphs
Creators: name: Alexeev, Boris
name: Fradkin, Alexandra
name: Kim, Ilhee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C75, 05C17

description: In the course of proving the strong perfect graph theorem, Chudnovsky, Robertson, Seymour, and Thomas showed that every perfect graph either belongs to one of five basic classes or admits one of several decompositions. Four of the basic classes are closed under taking induced subgraphs (and have known forbidden subgraph characterizations), while the fifth one, consisting of double-split graphs, is not. A graph is doubled if it is an induced subgraph of a double-split graph. We find the forbidden induced subgraph characterization of doubled graphs; it contains 44 graphs.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures
title: Designing intuitive interactions for a constrained 3D modelling editor on a multitouch interface
Creators: name: Reitschmied, Gerald
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: interface design
subject: mobile gaming
subject: touchscreens
subject: 3D interface
subject: human computer interaction

description: Spiele für mobile touch screens zu entwickeln bietet interessante Herausforderungen für das Interaktionsdesign. Desktops, Konsolen und ähnliche Geräte bieten viele parallele Eingabeoptionen. Auf touch screens ist die maximale Anzahl an gleichzeitigen Inputs die Anzahl der Finger der user, was wiederum in den meisten Fällen nicht mehr als zwei Finger sind. Das führt zu der nächsten Herausforderung, dass die Finger Teile des Bildschirms überdecken, nachdem der Bildschirm selbst das Eingabegerät ist.Die Eingabegenauigkeit ist ebenfalls durch die Fingergröße geringer als beispielsweise einer Maus. Diese Limitierungen sind speziell bei komplexeren Interfaces, die für 3D Operationen benötigt werden ein Problem.Das Spiel “Rebuilders” als Fallstudie bietet Spielenden eine “Werkstatt” in der sie ihre eigenen Vehikel in einem dreidimensionalen Raum frei gestalten können. Das Ziel ist es, ein Interface- und Interaktionsdesign zu entwickeln und zu untersuchen, das Spielenden eine einfache und intuitive Möglichkeit bietet, sich kreativ im dreidimensionalen Raum inklusive Einschulung binnen Sekunden oder maximal Minuten verwirklichen zu können.Die Evaluierung wird sowohl durch informelle, als auch formale Usertests passieren, in denen verschiedene Implementierungen von Interaktionsmöglichkeiten getestet werden. Es wird versucht, sowohl qualitative als auch quantitative Daten zu generieren, um die Designentscheidungen zu informieren.
description: Developing games for mobile interfaces poses interesting challenges for interaction designs. Desktops, Consoles and similar devices offer a multitude of different, parallel inputs. On mobile platforms with touchscreens the maximum number is usually the number of the users‘ fingers. This leads to the next challange of the fingers concealing parts of the screen. Pointer precision due to finger width and designs of the screens is decreased compared to (for instance) mouses. Such limitations are of special concern for complex interfaces required for 3D modelling.The case study app „Rebuilders“ features a constructor that players can use to create their own vehicles in a 3D space on a touch interface driven device.The goal is to create and evaluate an interface and interaction design for a constrained 3D modelling approach on touch screen devices within that case study.Interaction has to be easy and intuitive in order to not shy away casual gamers. Ideally, interacting with the “workshop” should not require explanations, a tutorial or a lot of trial and error.Evaluation will be achieved by user testings, comparing different interaction approaches. In order to test interface designs where preconceptions of the developer may not lead to best results, users will receive different implementations for testing. Goal is to gain qualitative analysis as well as quantitative data.
PÁGINAS da História da Diocese de Bragança-Miranda: Congresso Histórico: 450 Anos da Fundação. Bragança: Gráfica de Coimbra, 1997
Creators: name: Abreu, Paulo
Publisher: name: Lusitania Sacra
Year: 1999

description: Lusitania Sacra, n. 11 (1999): Sentimento, Religião e Política na Época Moderna
The Bengal Fan: Some Preliminary Results from ODP Drilling
Creators: name: Stow, Dorrik
name: Cochran, James R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1989
Subjects: Marine geophysics
Submarine fans
Continental margins
Marine sediments--Analysis

description: Three deep holes, with a maximum penetration of 960 m below Sea floor, were drilled into the distal Bengal Fan just south of the equator during ODP Leg 116. The entire section recovered is dominated by sandy silt and mud turbidites derived from the Ganges Delta and from the continental margin of the western Bay of Bengal, interbedded with thin pelagic clays and with biogenic turbidites probably from a local sea mount source. The effects of Himalayan uplift, sea level fluctuations, local tectonics, and fan channel/lobe processes have closely interacted to produce the observed sedimentary record of the past 17 million years since the early Miocene.
title: Historische Abflussdaten für die Elbe - Ableitung von Tagesabflüssen am Pegel Magdeburg-Strombrücke im Zeitraum von 1727 bis 1890
Creators: name: Faist, Helmut
name: Recknagel, Thomas
name: Vietinghoff, Hartwig
name: Ilse, Jürgen
name: Pohl, Reinhard
name: Jüpner, Robert
name: Härdtner, David
name: Müller, Liesa
name: Belz, Jörg Uwe
Publisher: name: Bundesanstalt für Gewässerkunde, Koblenz
Year: 2020

description: Mitteilungen / BfG – 34.2020 - ISSN 1431-2409 - ISBN 978-3-940247-18-6
Unexpected features of branched flow through high-mobility two-dimensional electron gases
Creators: name: Jura, M. P.
name: Topinka, M. A.
name: Urban, L.
name: Yazdani, A.
name: Shtrikman, H.
name: Pfeiffer, L. N.
name: West, K. W.
name: Goldhaber-Gordon, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: GaAs-based two-dimensional electron gases (2DEGs) show a wealth of remarkable electronic states, and serve as the basis for fast transistors, research on electrons in nanostructures, and prototypes of quantum-computing schemes. All these uses depend on the extremely low levels of disorder in GaAs 2DEGs, with low-temperature mean free paths ranging from microns to hundreds of microns. Here we study how disorder affects the spatial structure of electron transport by imaging electron flow in three different GaAs/AlGaAs 2DEGs, whose mobilities range over an order of magnitude. As expected, electrons flow along narrow branches that we find remain straight over a distance roughly proportional to the mean free path. We also observe two unanticipated phenomena in high-mobility samples. In our highest-mobility sample we observe an almost complete absence of sharp impurity or defect scattering, indicated by the complete suppression of quantum coherent interference fringes. Also, branched flow through the chaotic potential of a high-mobility sample remains stable to significant changes to the initial conditions of injected electrons.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Anomalous diffusion for a correlated process with long jumps
Creators: name: Srokowski, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss diffusion properties of a dynamical system, which is characterised by long-tail distributions and finite correlations. The particle velocity has the stable Lévy distribution; it is assumed as a jumping process (the kangaroo process) with a variable jumping rate. Both the exponential and the algebraic form of the covariance -- defined for the truncated distribution -- are considered. It is demonstrated by numerical calculations that the stationary solution of the master equation for the case of power-law correlations decays with time, but a simple modification of the process makes the tails stable. The main result of the paper is a finding that -- in contrast to the velocity fluctuations -- the position variance may be finite. It rises with time faster than linearly: the diffusion is anomalously enhanced. On the other hand, a process which follows from a superposition of the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck-Lévy processes always leads to position distributions with a divergent variance which means accelerated diffusion.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Conrad Deep: a new northern Red Sea deep. Origin and implications for continental rifting
Creators: name: Cochran, James R.
name: Martinez, Fernando
name: Steckler, Michael S.
name: Hobart, Michael A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1986
Subjects: subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Marine geophysics
subject: Rifts (Geology)
subject: Lithosphere

description: A previously unknown deep, here called Conrad Deep, was discovered during an extensive geophysical survey of the northern Red Sea in June, 1984. Conrad Deep is located at 27°03’N, 34°43’E, only 90 km south of the Gulf of Suez and is the most northern deep yet discovered in the Red Sea. It is located within a well developed axial depression which also contains Charcot Deep, 100 km to the south. The axial depression is associated with abundant recent deformation and is situated at the peak of a regional heat flow high extending across the rift. Conrad Deep is typical of the small northern type Red Sea Deep. It is 10 km long, 2 km wide and has a maximum depth of 1460 m. It is associated with high and variable heat flow values and large magnetic anomalies. There is no evidence of a dense brine layer. Detailed analysis of the geophysical data implies that the deep probably results from a very recent (< 40,000 years) intrusion into continental type basement. The formation of a well defined axial depression associated with very high heat flow and small deeps resulting from isolated intrusions may be the first step in the transition from continental extension to seafloor spreading.
Variations in subsidence rates along intermediate and fast spreading mid-ocean ridges
Creators: name: Cochran, James R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1986
Subjects: subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Mid-ocean ridges
subject: Sea-floor spreading
subject: Subsidences (Earth movements)
subject: Mantle of the Earth

description: The nature of subsidence near the ridge crest of the intermediate and fast spreading mid-ocean ridges of the Indian and Pacific Oceans is investigated using surface-ship bathymetry and magnetics profiles. The ridge can be divided into discrete sections, apparently bounded by distinct structural features such as major fracture zones, in which bathymetry plotted against crustal age forms a well-defined envelope with a width roughly the amplitude of the local bathymetry. The averaged bathymetry in all of the regions studied follows closely a square root of age subsidence curve which in most regions has a subsidence coefficient, C1, in the range of 340-390 m Myr-1/2. The best fitting subsidence curve, however, never reproduces the amplitude of the axial topographic high. The most notable region displaying unusual behaviour is the East Pacific Rise between 9°S and 22°S. In this region, the western flank of the ridge is subsiding at 200-225 m Myr--1/2 while the eastern flank is subsiding at 'normal' rates of 350-400 m Myr-1/2. Other anomalous areas include the region between the Easter Island hot spot and the Chile Rise triple junction in which the ridge crest is shallow and which is subsiding at rates of about 290 m Myr-1/2, and the region east of the Australia-Antarctic Discordance in which the northern flank is subsiding at 440 m Myr-1/2. This area may also be subsiding asymmetrically although there is not much data from the southern flank. The asymmetric subsidence in the 9°S-22°S region of the East Pacific Rise begins immediately at the ridge crest and the low subsidence rates on the west flank continue to at least 12 Myr-old crust. Oligocene-aged crust on the western flank is subsiding at more normal rates, but is 500 m shallow with respect both to the world-wide average and to the conjugate crust on the eastern flank. The simplest model to explain these observations is that the western flank is underlain by a hotter mantle, perhaps as the result of upwelling resulting from the large-scale return circulation from the trenches. Depending on the depth of compensation, the observed asymmetry could result from a lateral temperature gradient of 0.05-0.10°C km-1 and a total lateral temperature variation of under 100°C.
The transition between the Sheba Ridge and Owen Basin: rifting of old oceanic lithosphere
Creators: name: Stein, Carol A.
name: Cochran, James R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1985
Subjects: subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Marine geophysics
subject: Lithosphere
subject: Rifts (Geology)
subject: Continental margins

description: Magnetic quiet zones are present along the margins of the entire length of the Gulf of Aden to the Owen fracture zone. This includes the easternmost 300 km between the eastern edges of Arabia and Africa to the Owen fracture zone where old oceanic lithosphere was rifted to form the Sheba Ridge. Within this easternmost region the boundary between the quiet zone and the old oceanic lithosphere is marked by ridge complexes, the Sharbithat Ridge Complex to the north and the Error Ridge Complex to the south. These ridge complexes, which lack a magnetic signature, occupy a structural position similar to the hinge zones at the continental margins to the west. They appear to have formed early in the opening of the Gulf of Aden or perhaps to have been pre-existing features. The boundary between Sheba Ridge and the northern magnetic quiet zone is often marked by an abrupt end of the Sheba Ridge seafloor spreading magnetic anomaly pattern and a sharp basement deepening to the north. The boundary between the East Sheba Ridge and northern magnetic quiet zone becomes less distinct near the Owen fracture zone. This is also accompanied by changes in the East Sheba Ridge, specifically a decrease in magnetic anomaly amplitudes, increase in ridge flank depths and a loss of the ‘cooling-curve’ ridge flank shape. This may be the result of lower mantle temperatures in the vicinity of the Owen fracture zone. The sediments within the magnetic quiet zone can be divided into a lower disturbed unit and an upper unit consisting of flat-lying reflectors. The disturbance of the lower sediments may have resulted from a period of diffuse extension in the magnetic quiet zone prior to the establishment of the Sheba Ridge spreading center. The similarity of the easternmost quiet zone to quiet zones at rifted continental margins leads to the suggestion that these regions were formed by diffuse extension of old oceanic lithosphere. Using a two-layer lithospheric attenuation model and assuming extension during a period of 15Myr followed by 10Myr of cooling, the basement depths and heat flow measurements can be adequately matched. The modeling implies 45 per cent crustal extension in the quiet zone. The amount of extension calculated is compatible with documented motion between Arabia and Africa. The old oceanic lithosphere thus must have been substantially thinned to a thickness similar to 10-14Myr old ocean before seafloor spreading was initiated at the Sheba Ridge.
The adoption of ground source heat pumps at multiple scales in North America
Creators: name: Jensen, Thor
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: In North America, space heating, hot water, and air conditioning use more secondary energy than any other activity within buildings, thus emitting the majority of scope 1 and scope 2 Greenhouse Gases (GHG). The Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP) uses one-third the energy of traditional technologies to provide space conditioning and hot water services. While GSHP is a well-established technology, the energy savings and lower GHG emissions have not translated into their widespread adoption. Public policy measures and financial incentives adopted to promote GSHP have failed to lead to broad adoption or lower costs. This thesis examines the adoption of GSHP in response to supportive policies among residential, institutional, and city-scale adopters. Detailed site-level and panel data permit natural experiments on the response of residential adopters in Canada and the US to changing incentives. At higher scales, regulatory proceedings concerning the offering of Thermal Energy Services (TES) has provided a case study for analysis of utility models to finance GSHP for commercial and institutional clients. In Canada and the US, financial incentives failed to sustain the adoption of GSHP throughout or after the period of subsidy among residential households. Neither did incentives lead to a decrease in price over time. Free-ridership problems in Canada and an inability to make inroads to areas served by natural gas have stranded GSHP technology. Further, the capital cost of GSHP results in a higher lifecycle cost than most alternatives. The economy-wide benefits of financial incentives for GSHP are limited in Canada, where most heat pumps are imported. TES provide compelling innovations to bridge barriers at higher scales. TES overcome balance sheet constraints on debt common to public sector organizations by financing capital equipment and renovations as utility payments. TES can overcome capital constraints faced by developers by financing equipment inside the building lowering construction costs. However, our case study of public procurement reveals TES to be a costly approach in the long run. The insights from this research are translated into best practices and policy advice to improve contracting, increase awareness, and align incentives for greater efficiency.
Symmetries of Non-Linear Systems: Group Approach to their Quantization
Creators: name: Aldaya, V.
name: Calixto, M.
name: Guerrero, J.
name: López-Ruiz, F F
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report briefly on an approach to quantum theory entirely based on symmetry grounds which improves Geometric Quantization in some respects and provides an alternative to the canonical framework. The present scheme, being typically non-perturbative, is primarily intended for non-linear systems, although needless to say that finding the basic symmetry associated with a given (quantum) physical problem is in general a difficult task, which many times nearly emulates the complexity of finding the actual (classical) solutions. Apart from some interesting examples related to the electromagnetic and gravitational particle interactions, where an algebraic version of the equivalence principle naturally arises, we attempt to the quantum description of non-linear sigma models. In particular, we present the actual quantization of the partial-trace non-linear SU(2) sigma model as a representative case of non-linear quantum field theory.
description: 24 pages, LaTeX, no figures
A bathymetry and altimetry profile across the Southwest Indian Ridge crest at 31°S latitude
Creators: name: Watts, Anthony
name: Cochran, James R.
name: Patriat, Philippe
name: Dourcoure, Moctar
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1985
Subjects: Mid-ocean ridges
Plate tectonics
Lithosphere
Altimeter--Data processing
Multibeam mapping

description: During March 1983 the M/V "Marion Dufresne" obtained a bathymetry profile along more than 1500 km of a SEASAT altimeter sub-track across the Southwest Indian Ridge crest at 31°S latitude. We have used these data to estimate the thermal and elastic thickness of the oceanic lithosphere in the vicinity of the ridge and to evaluate the performance of the SEASAT altimeter. The thermal thickness appears to be in the range 72-109 km while the elastic thickness is about 2-5 km. There is a good correlation between the geoid calculated from the bathymetry and its compensation and the observed geoid derived from SEASAT data. The correlation is strongest for wavelengths greater than 45 km and poorest for shorter wavelengths. We attribute the poor resolution at short-wavelengths to instrument and oceanographic noise in the altimeter data combined with the reduced sensitivity of the geoid to bathymetric relief at very short wavelengths.
A Model for Development of Red Sea
Creators: name: Cochran, James R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1983
Subjects: subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Plate tectonics
subject: Rifts (Geology)
subject: Lithosphere

description: Although motion between Arabia and Africa is presently occurring along the entire length of the Red Sea, the morphology and tectonics that result from this motion vary greatly along its length. South of 21°N, the main trough is bisected by a deep axial trough which has formed by sea-floor spreading during the past 4 m.y. and is associated with large-amplitude magnetic anomalies and high heat flow. North of 25°N, an axial trough is not present and the floor of the main trough has an irregular faulted appearance. The magnetic field in the north is characterized by smooth low-amplitude anomalies with a few isolated higher amplitude magnetic anomalies commonly associated with gravity anomalies and in many places probably due to intrusions. Between these regions, the axial trough is discontinuous with a series of deeps characterized by large-amplitude magnetic anomalies alternating with shallower intertrough zones which lack magnetic anomalies. It is argued that the different regions represent successive phases in the rifting of a continent and the development of a continental margin. An initial period of diffuse extension by rotational faulting and dike injection over an area perhaps 100 km (60 mi) wide is followed by concentration of extension at a single axis and the initiation of sea-floor spreading. The main trough in the southern Red Sea, away from the deep axial trough, formed during the Miocene by the same processes of diffuse extension that are still active in the northern Red Sea. This model explains the available geologic and geophysical data and reconciles previous models for the formation of the Red Sea which emphasize either the evidence for considerable motion between Arabia and Africa or the evidence for downfaulted continental crust beneath much of the Red Sea. The initial pre-sea-floor spreading stage results in considerable extension (160 km or 100 mi) at 25° N in the Red Sea), can last for several tens of millions of years, and is an important factor in the development of the continental margin. Such an extended phase of rifting and diffuse extension must be taken into account in studies of sedimentation, subsidence, and paleotemperatures.
title: Neukompilationen kirchlichen Rechts nach dem Konzil zu Trient
title: Eine kanonistische Skizze deutschsprachiger Initiativen
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Tripp, Harald
Year: 2021

description: Zwischen den siebziger und den neunziger Jahren des 16. Jahrhunderts finden wir wie in Italien auch in Deutschland einige redaktionelle Initiativen von klarer didaktischer Prägung, die auf die systematische und zusammenfassende Darstellung der gesamten kanonistischen Materie abzie-len. Zum größten Teil sind diese Initiativen Teil einer allgemeinen Entwicklung, die durch den Ein-fluss der humanistischen Kultur gekennzeichnet ist. Dies erfolgt in einer Zeit, zu der die Träger von Instanzen der methodischen und systematischen Erneuerung in einer Welt wie der des Rechts zunehmend von Unordnung und Unsicherheit geprägt scheinen
Alexandre Herculano, um pensamento ‘poliédrico’: colóquio comemorativo dos 120 anos da sua morte, 1877-1997
Creators: name: Santos, Luís Aguiar
Publisher: name: Lusitania Sacra
Year: 1999

description: Lusitania Sacra, n. 11 (1999): Sentimento, Religião e Política na Época Moderna
Simple models of diffuse extension and the pre-seafloor spreading development of the continental margin of the Northeastern Gulf of Aden
Creators: name: Cochran, James R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1981
Subjects: subject: Continental margins
subject: Terrestrial heat flow
subject: Rifts (Geology)
subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: The pre-seafloor spreading development of the continental margin of the Northeastern Gulf of Aden is investigated using simple models for diffuse extension through listric faulting and/or dike intrusion. It is found that provided dike intrusion makes up a significant part of the extension mechanism, the simple model can adequately explain the observed heat flow and basement depths without violating constraints placed on the total amount of extension by crustal thicknesses and plate geometry. The influence of various factors on the behavior of the models is investigated, and they are found to be quite sensitive to the choice of initial crustal parameters and to the duration and nature of the pre-seafloor spreading extension. Thus to adequately understand the rifting process and the development of continental margins, it is necessary to obtain data from wells drilled into the synrift and basement rocks, and to study areas such as the Northern Red Sea, which are presently in the pre-seafloor spreading phase of their evolution.
Electron interferometer formed with a scanning probe tip and quantum point contact
Creators: name: Jura, M. P.
name: Topinka, M. A.
name: Grobis, M.
name: Pfeiffer, L. N.
name: West, K. W.
name: Goldhaber-Gordon, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show an electron interferometer between a quantum point contact (QPC) and a scanning gate microscope (SGM) tip in a two-dimensional electron gas. The QPC and SGM tip act as reflective barriers of a lossy cavity; the conductance through the system thus varies as a function of the distance between the QPC and SGM tip. We characterize how temperature, electron wavelength, cavity length, and reflectivity of the QPC barrier affect the interferometer. We report checkerboard interference patterns near the QPC and, when injecting electrons above or below the Fermi energy, effects of dephasing.
description: Text and supplementary information. Text: 4 pages, 4 figures. Supplementary information: 5 pages, 2 figures
Leveraging the use of existing C-arms for Roentgen stereophotogrammetric analysis
Creators: name: Chung, Vivian W.J.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: “You can’t improve it unless you can measure it” is a common sentiment in engineering. For total knee replacement patients, failed implants requiring revision surgery is a significant risk. Our long-term goal, therefore, is to develop and evaluate a protocol that will allow us to accurately measure the full 3D position of an implant in the early post-surgical period in order to detect signs of relative motion occurring between implant and bone. By doing this, we will be able to gain insights into the failure mechanisms behind total knee replacement implants. The 'gold standard' method for measuring relative motion is known as Roentgen Stereophotogrammetric Analysis (RSA) – a technique which extracts 3D information about the implant and bone positions from two roughly orthogonal radiographs. This information can be used to quantify the migration of an implant over time to submillimeter accuracy, a metric that has been shown to reliably predict implant longevity in patients (Pijls 2012). Unfortunately, commercial RSA systems are expensive, which has limited their use in clinical settings. Our goal in this project was to develop an RSA protocol based on C-arm fluoroscopy machines, many of which already exist in most hospitals. We successfully developed such a protocol and evaluated its accuracies and precisions through a series of phantom-based verifications. Results were highly promising: accuracies ranged between -39 to 11 μm for translations and -0.025 to 0.029° for rotations, while system precisions ranged between 16 to 27 μm and 0.041 to 0.059°. This performance was comparable to RSA systems in the literature, where traditional and more expensive radiographic equipment was typically employed. In addition, inter-rater reliability tests also showed a high degree of correlation (ICC > 0.999) between two raters who were trained to use the protocol. We conclude that we have developed an RSA protocol appropriate for measuring relative motion of knee replacement implants in phantoms and cadaveric specimens by leveraging the use of existing C-arm technology. This research places us in position to further develop the protocol for use in extensive prospective clinical assessments – research that can potentially drive future improvements in surgical technique and implant design.
Hessian K3 surfaces of non-Sylvester type
Creators: name: Koike, Kenji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We construct the moduli space of cubic surfaces which do not admit a Sylvester form as an arithmetic quotient, and determine the graded ring of modular forms of even weights.
Effects of finite rifting times on the development of sedimentary basins
Creators: name: Cochran, James R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1983
Subjects: subject: Sedimentary basins
subject: Rifts (Geology)
subject: Terrestrial heat flow
subject: Lithosphere
subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Most thermo-mechanical models for the development of sedimentary basins have assumed that the rifting responsible for the formation of the basin occurred instantaneously and have examined the post-rift development of the basin. This assumption greatly simplifies the mathematical treatment, but is not in accord with what is found in nature, where 10- to 50-m.y. rifting events commonly accompany the formation of sedimentary basins and continental margins. The effects of a finite rifting time on the development of sedimentary basins are examined using an analytic technique which allows an arbitrary rifting history in both time and space and which considers the effects of both vertical and horizontal heat transfer. This technique allows the thermal structure of the lithosphere to be calculated throughout the rifting event and thus permits the subsidence history and surface heat flow of the developing basin to be traced. The effect of a finite-duration extension event is that heat is lost during rifting increasing the syn-rift subsidence at the expense of the post-rift. Lateral heat flow, which was not included in previous studies of the effect of finite rifting times, has a significant effect on the subsidence history, distribution of sediments and thermal history. In particular, the post-rift subsidence is decreased by more than 25% for a 20-m.y. rifting event and by more than 10-15% for a rifting event as short as 10 m.y. This will significantly decrease the subsidence rates in the post-rift stage and implies that inferences concerning the structure, development and thermal history of the basin derived from using "β-curves" to interpret backstripped subsidence can be greatly in error. Variations in syn-rift sediment accumulation and lithospheric thermal structure at the end of rifting resulting from different rifting histories can interact with other factors, such as the flexural response of the lithosphere to sediment loading, to affect the final width of the basin, the total amount of sediments that accumulate and the basin stratigraphy.
Kinetic energy driven superconductivity, the origin of the Meissner effect, and the reductionist frontier
Creators: name: Hirsch, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Is superconductivity associated with a lowering or an increase of the kinetic energy of the charge carriers? Conventional BCS theory predicts that the kinetic energy of carriers increases in the transition from the normal to the superconducting state. However, substantial experimental evidence obtained in recent years indicates that in at least some superconductors the opposite occurs. Motivated in part by these experiments many novel mechanisms of superconductivity have recently been proposed where the transition to superconductivity is associated with a lowering of the kinetic energy of the carriers. However none of these proposed unconventional mechanisms explores the fundamental reason for kinetic energy lowering nor its wider implications. Here I propose that kinetic energy lowering is at the root of the Meissner effect, the most fundamental property of superconductors. The physics can be understood at the level of a single electron atom: kinetic energy lowering and enhanced diamagnetic susceptibility are intimately connected. According to the theory of hole superconductivity, superconductors expel negative charge from their interior driven by kinetic energy lowering and in the process expel any magnetic field lines present in their interior. Associated with this we predict the existence of a macroscopic electric field in the interior of superconductors and the existence of macroscopic quantum zero-point motion in the form of a spin current in the ground state of superconductors (spin Meissner effect). In turn, the understanding of the role of kinetic energy lowering in superconductivity suggests a new way to understand the fundamental origin of kinetic energy lowering in quantum mechanics quite generally.