cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
First season QUaD CMB temperature and polarization power spectra
Creators: name: QUaD Collaboration
name: Ade, P.
name: Bock, J.
name: Bowden, M.
name: Brown, M. L.
name: Cahill, G.
name: Carlstrom, J. E.
name: Castro, P. G.
name: Church, S.
name: Culverhouse, T.
name: Friedman, R.
name: Ganga, K.
name: Gear, W. K.
name: Hinderks, J.
name: Kovac, J.
name: Lange, A. E.
name: Leitch, E.
name: Melhuish, S. J.
name: Murphy, J. A.
name: Orlando, A.
name: Schwarz, R.
name: O'Sullivan, C.
name: Piccirillo, L.
name: Pryke, C.
name: Rajguru, N.
name: Rusholme, B.
name: Taylor, A. N.
name: Thompson, K. L.
name: Wu, E. Y. S.
name: Zemcov, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: QUaD is a bolometric CMB polarimeter sited at the South Pole, operating at frequencies of 100 and 150 GHz. In this paper we report preliminary results from the first season of operation (austral winter 2005). All six CMB power spectra are presented derived as cross spectra between the 100 and 150 GHz maps using 67 days of observation in a low foreground region of approximately 60 square degrees. This data is a small fraction of the data acquired to date. The measured spectra are consistent with the LCDM cosmological model. We perform jackknife tests which indicate that the observed signal has negligible contamination from instrumental systematics. In addition by using a frequency jackknife we find no evidence for foreground contamination.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, submitted to ApJ
Antisymmetric entangled two-photon states generated in nonlinear GaN/AlN photonic-band-gap structures
Creators: name: Perina, Jan
name: Centini, Marco
name: Sibilia, Concita
name: Bertolotti, Mario
name: Scalora, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of an entangled two-photon state antisymmetric in frequencies are studied. At a beam-splitter, two entangled photons are perfectly anti-correlated. In addition, they cannot be detected at the same time instant despite the fact that their detection times are confined to a narrow time window, i.e. they are temporally anti-bunched. Using nonlinear photonic-band-gap structures made of GaN/AlN, two schemes for generating such states are described.
description: 5 pages, 7 PostScript figures
Revolutionizing Learning: Unraveling the Transformative Force of Kenya's Competence-Based Curriculum (C.B.C.)
Creators: name: Kipsang, Mutai R.
name: Xiaoguang, Liu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This study aims to comprehensively examine the impact of the educational paradigm shift, with a specific focus on the Competency-Based Curriculum (C.B.C.) in the Kenyan education system. Therefore, this research employs a mixed-methods research approach to investigate the implementation of the C.B.C. and identify the challenges encountered during the adoption of this transformative curriculum.

The study analyzes the resultant outcomes and assesses the effectiveness of this new educational approach in reshaping the educational landscape in Kenya. The findings of this study can have a significant impact on the formulation of educational policy and the improvement of instructional practices. Therefore, this study will contribute to the enhancement of student outcomes in the country, thus providing a clear pathway for an illuminated future for the Kenyan education system.
Additional file 12 of Combinatorial Wnt signaling landscape during brachiopod anteroposterior patterning
Creators: name: Vellutini, Bruno C.
name: Martín-Durán, José M.
name: Børve, Aina
name: Hejnol, Andreas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 12: Fig. S12: [PDF] Orthology assignment of Terebratalia transversa Dkk proteins. Best-scoring tree of a maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis using the amino acid sequences of Dkk from diverse metazoans. Color-coding represents different Dkk subfamilies. Numbers show support values of individual branches. Terebratalia transversa (Ttra) ortholog, highlighted in bold, groups with a previously unidentified Dkk subfamily, in addition to dkk3 and dkk1/2/4, which we named dkk5. Non-vertebrate deuterostomes such as the hemichordate Saccoglossus kowalevskii (Skow), the echinoderm Acanthaster planci (Apla), and the cephalochordate Branchiostoma belcheri (Bbel), have an ortholog of each Dkk family. Vertebrates lost dkk5. Protostomes lost dkk1/2/4 and dkk3 early on, but retained dkk5 in some lineages such as T. transversa, Priapulus caudatus (Pcau), and Owenia fusiformis (Ofus). Cnidarians expanded dkk3 but lost dkk1/2/4. Overall, this suggests dkk1/2/4, dkk3, and dkk5 were the ancestral subfamilies in the Cnidaria–bilaterian branch. The other species are Homo sapiens (Hsap), Lingula anatina (Lana), Nematostella vectensis (Nvec), and Strongylocentrotus purpuratus (Spur).
Additional file 13 of Combinatorial Wnt signaling landscape during brachiopod anteroposterior patterning
Creators: name: Vellutini, Bruno C.
name: Martín-Durán, José M.
name: Børve, Aina
name: Hejnol, Andreas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 13: Fig. S13: [PDF] Orthology assignment of Terebratalia transversa Wif proteins. Best-scoring tree of a maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis using the amino acid sequences of known Wif proteins (Wnt inhibitory factor). As an outgroup, we used the tyrosine-protein kinase Ryk which also has a WIF domain. The color-coding represents Wif and Ryk families. Numbers show the support values of individual branches. Terebratalia transversa (Ttra) orthologs are highlighted in bold. The other species are Capitella teleta (Ctel), Crassostrea gigantea (Cgig), Drosophila melanogaster (Dmel), Homo sapiens (Hsap), Lingula anatina (Lana), and Saccoglossus kowalevskii (Skow).
From Equilibrium to Steady State: The Transient Dynamics of Colloidal Liquids under Shear
Creators: name: Zausch, J.
name: Horbach, J.
name: Laurati, M
name: Egelhaaf, S. U.
name: Brader, J. M.
name: Voigtmann, Th.
name: Fuchs, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate stresses and particle motion during the start up of flow in a colloidal dispersion close to arrest into a glassy state. A combination of molecular dynamics simulation, mode coupling theory and confocal microscopy experiment is used to investigate the origins of the widely observed stress overshoot and (previously not reported) super-diffusive motion in the transient dynamics. A link between the macro-rheological stress versus strain curves and the microscopic particle motion is established. Negative correlations in the transient auto-correlation function of the potential stresses are found responsible for both phenomena, and arise even for homogeneous flows and almost Gaussian particle displacements.
description: 24 pages, 14 figures, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter, in press
The SAMI Galaxy Survey: stellar population and structural trends across the Fundamental Plane
Creators: name: D'Eugenio, Francesco
name: Colless, Matthew
name: Scott, Nicholas
name: van der Wel, Arjen
name: Davies, Roger L.
name: van de Sande, Jesse
name: Sweet, Sarah M.
name: Oh, Sree
name: Groves, Brent
name: Sharp, Rob
name: Owers, Matt S.
name: Bland-Hawthorn, Joss
name: Croom, Scott M.
name: Brough, Sarah
name: Bryant, Julia J.
name: Goodwin, Michael
name: Lawrence, Jon S.
name: Lorente, Nuria P. F.
name: Richards, Samuel N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Fundamental Plane (FP) for a volume- and luminosity-limited sample of 560 early-type galaxies from the SAMI survey. Using r-band sizes and luminosities from new Multi-Gaussian Expansion (MGE) photometric measurements, and treating luminosity as the dependent variable, the FP has coefficients a=1.294$\pm$0.039, b= 0.912$\pm$0.025, and zero-point c= 7.067$\pm$0.078. We leverage the high signal-to-noise of SAMI integral field spectroscopy, to determine how structural and stellar-population observables affect the scatter about the FP. The FP residuals correlate most strongly (8$σ$ significance) with luminosity-weighted simple-stellar-population (SSP) age. In contrast, the structural observables surface mass density, rotation-to-dispersion ratio, Sérsic index and projected shape all show little or no significant correlation. We connect the FP residuals to the empirical relation between age (or stellar mass-to-light ratio $Υ_\star$) and surface mass density, the best predictor of SSP age amongst parameters based on FP observables. We show that the FP residuals (anti-)correlate with the residuals of the relation between surface density and $Υ_\star$. This correlation implies that part of the FP scatter is due to the broad age and $Υ_\star$ distribution at any given surface mass density. Using virial mass and $Υ_\star$ we construct a simulated FP and compare it to the observed FP. We find that, while the empirical relations between observed stellar population relations and FP observables are responsible for most (75%) of the FP scatter, on their own they do not explain the observed tilt of the FP away from the virial plane.
description: 36 pages, 23 figures
Low Temperature Transport and Specific Heat Studies of Nd_{1-x}Pb_{x}MnO_{3} Single Crystals
Creators: name: Ghosh, N.
name: Roessler, U. K.
name: Nenkov, K.
name: Hucho, C.
name: Bhat, H. L.
name: Mueller, K. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electrical transport and specific heat properties of Nd_{1-x}Pb_{x}MnO_{3} single crystals for 0.15 < x 0.5 have been studied in low temperature regime. The resistivity in the ferromagnetic insulating (FMI) phase for x < 0.3 has an activated character. The dependence of the activation gap Delta on doping x has been determined and the critical concentration for the zero-temperature metal-insulator transition was determined as x_{c} ~ 0.33. For a metallic sample with x=0.42, a conventional electron-electron (e-e) scattering term proportional T^{2} is found in the low-temperature electrical resistivity, although the Kadowaki-Woods ratio is found to be much larger for this manganite than for a normal metal. For a metallic sample with x=0.5, a resistivity minimum is observed for x= 0.5. The effect is attributed to weak localization and can be described by a negative T^{1/2} weak-localization contribution to resistivity for a disordered three-dimensional electron system. The specific heat data have been fitted to contributions from free electrons (gamma), spin excitations (beta_{3/2}), lattice and a Schottky-like anomaly related to the rare-earth magnetism of the Nd ions. The value of gamma is larger than for normal metals, which is ascribed to magnetic ordering effects involving Nd. Also, the Schottky-like anomaly appears broadened and weakened suggesting inhomogeneous molecular fields at the Nd-sites.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures
Decaying warm dark matter and neutrino masses
Creators: name: Lattanzi, M.
name: Valle, J. W. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutrino masses may arise from spontaneous breaking of ungauged lepton number. Due to quantum gravity effects the associated Goldstone boson - the majoron - will pick up a mass. We determine the lifetime and mass required by cosmic microwave background observations so that the massive majoron provides the observed dark matter of the Universe. The majoron DDM scenario fits nicely in models where neutrino masses arise a la seesaw, and may lead to other possible cosmological implications.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. Replaced to match published version. Minor changes made to address referees' comments. References added
On-sky measurements of atmospheric dispersion: II. Atmospheric models characterization
Creators: name: Wehbe., B.
name: Cabral, A.
name: Sbordone, L.
name: Avila, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Differential atmospheric dispersion is a wavelength-dependent effect introduced by Earth's atmosphere that affects astronomical observations performed using ground-based telescopes. It is important, when observing at a zenithal angle different from zero, to use an Atmospheric Dispersion Corrector (ADC) to compensate this atmospheric dispersion. The design of an ADC is based on atmospheric models that, to the best of our knowledge, were never tested against on-sky measurements. We present an extensive models analysis in the wavelength range of 315-665 nm. The method we used was previously described in the paper I of this series. It is based on the use of cross-dispersion spectrographs to determine the position of the centroid of the spatial profile at each wavelength of each spectral order. The accuracy of the method is 18 mas. At this level, we are able to compare and characterize the different atmospheric dispersion models of interest. For better future ADC designs, we recommend to avoid the Zemax model, and in particular in the blue range of the spectra, when expecting residuals at the level of few tens of milli-arcseconds.
description: Accepted for publications in MNRAS
Detection of volatiles undergoing sublimation from 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko coma particles using ROSINA/COPS. II. The nude gauge
Creators: name: Pestoni, Boris
name: Altwegg, Kathrin
name: Balsiger, Hans
name: Hänni, Nora
name: Rubin, Martin
name: Schroeder, Isaac
name: Schuhmann, Markus
name: Wampfler, Susanne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In an earlier study, we reported that the ram gauge of the COmet Pressure Sensor (COPS), one of the three instruments of the Rosetta Orbiter Spectrometer for Ion and Neutral Analysis (ROSINA), could be used to obtain information about the sublimating content of icy particles, made up of volatiles and conceivably refractories coming from comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. In this work, we extend the investigation to the second COPS gauge, the nude gauge. In particular, we analyse the volume of the volatile content of coma particles, along with a search for possible dependencies between the nude gauge detection rate (i.e. the rate at which icy particles are detected by the nude gauge) and the position of the Rosetta spacecraft. We also investigate the correlations of the nude gauge detection rate with the quantities associated with cometary activity. Although it was not originally designed for such a purpose, the COPS nude gauge has been able to detect $\sim$67000 features generated by the sublimation of the volatile content of icy particles. The nude gauge detection rate follows a trend that is inversely proportional to the heliocentric distance. This result is interpreted as a confirmation of a possible relation between the nude gauge detection rate and cometary activity. Thus, we compared the former with parameters related to cometary activity and obtained significant correlations, indicating that the frequency of icy particle detection is driven by cometary activity. Furthermore, by representing the volatile part of the icy particles as equivalent spheres with a density of 1 g cm$^{-3}$, we obtained a range of diameters between 60 and 793 nanometres, with the smaller ones ($<390\,\mathrm{nm}$ in diameter) having a size distribution power index of $-4.79\pm 0.26$.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Additional file 14 of Combinatorial Wnt signaling landscape during brachiopod anteroposterior patterning
Creators: name: Vellutini, Bruno C.
name: Martín-Durán, José M.
name: Børve, Aina
name: Hejnol, Andreas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 14: Fig. S14: [PDF] Orthology assignment of Terebratalia transversa Dsh proteins. Best-scoring tree of a maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis using the amino acid sequences of known Dsh, Axin, and Dixin proteins. The three belong to the DIX domain superfamily. Each family is color-coded, and the numbers show support values of individual branches. Terebratalia transversa (Ttra) orthologs are highlighted in bold. The other species are Branchiostoma floridae (Bflo), Homo sapiens (Hsap), Platynereis dumerilii (Pdum), and Saccoglossus kowalevskii (Skow).
A New Discrete Implicit Monte Carlo Scheme for Simulating Radiative Transfer Problems
Creators: name: Steinberg, Elad
name: Heizler, Shay I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new algorithm for radiative transfer-based on a statistical Monte Carlo approach-that does not suffer from teleportation effects, on the one hand, and yields smooth results, on the other hand. Implicit Monte Carlo (IMC) techniques for modeling radiative transfer have existed from the 1970s. When they are used for optically thick problems, however, the basic algorithm suffers from "teleportation" errors, where the photons propagate faster than the exact physical behavior, due to the absorption-blackbody emission processes. One possible solution is to use semianalog Monte Carlo, in its new implicit form (ISMC), which uses two kinds of particles, photons and discrete material particles. This algorithm yields excellent teleportation-free results, but it also produces noisier solutions (relative to classic IMC), due to its discrete nature. Here, we derive a new Monte Carlo algorithm, Discrete Implicit Monte Carlo (DIMC), which also uses the idea of two kinds of discrete particles, and thus does not suffer from teleportation errors. DIMC implements the IMC discretization and creates new radiation photons for each time step, unlike ISMC. Using the continuous absorption technique, DIMC yields smooth results like classic IMC. One of the main elements of the algorithm is the avoidance of the explosion of the particle population, by using particle merging. We test the new algorithm on 1D and 2D cylindrical problems, and show that it yields smooth, teleportation-free results. We finish by demonstrating the power of the new algorithm on a classic radiative hydrodynamic problem-an opaque radiative shock wave. This demonstrates the power of the new algorithm for astrophysical scenarios.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures
Tools for top physics at D0
Creators: name: Harel, Amnon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Top quark measurements rely on the jet energy calibration and often on b-quark identification. We discuss these and other tools and how they apply to top quark analyses at D0. In particular some of the nuances that result from D0's data driven approach to these issues are presented.
description: Proceedings of talk given at the International Workshop on Top Quark Physics on May 22, 2008
Multiwavelength studies of the gas and dust disc of IRAS 04158+2805
Creators: name: Glauser, A. M.
name: Ménard, F.
name: Pinte, C.
name: Duchêne, G.
name: Güdel, M.
name: Monin, J. -L.
name: Padgett, D. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the circumstellar environment of IRAS 04158+2805 based on multi-wavelength observations and models. Images in the optical and near-infrared, a polarisation map in the optical, and mid-infrared spectra were obtained with VLT-FORS1, CFHT-IR, and Spitzer-IRS. Additionally we used an X-ray spectrum observed with Chandra. We interpret the observations in terms of a central star surrounded by an axisymmetric circumstellar disc, but without an envelope, to test the validity of this simple geometry. We estimate the structural properties of the disc and its gas and dust content. We modelled the dust disc with a 3D continuum radiative transfer code, MCFOST, based on a Monte-Carlo method that provides synthetic scattered light images and polarisation maps, as well as spectral energy distributions. We find that the disc images and spectral energy distribution narrowly constrain many of the disc model parameters, such as a total dust mass of 1.0-1.75x10^-4 sollar masses and an inclination of 62-63 degrees. The maximum grain size required to fit all available data is of the order of 1.6-2.8 microns although the upper end of this range is loosely constrained. The observed optical polarisation map is reproduced well by the same disc model, suggesting that the geometry we find is adequate and the optical properties are representative of the visible dust content. We compare the inferred dust column density to the gas column density derived from the X-ray spectrum and find a gas-to-dust ratio along the line of sight that is consistent with the ISM value. To our knowledge, this measurement is the first to directly compare dust and gas column densities in a protoplanetary disc.
description: 8 figures, 11 pages, accepted by A&A
Additional file 15 of Combinatorial Wnt signaling landscape during brachiopod anteroposterior patterning
Creators: name: Vellutini, Bruno C.
name: Martín-Durán, José M.
name: Børve, Aina
name: Hejnol, Andreas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 15: Fig. S15: [PDF] Expression of Wnt/PCP pathway during Terebratalia transversa development. The heatmap represents the log-normalized transcript counts for dsh, dgo, pk, fmi, stbm, and jnk calculated from stage-specific RNA-Seq data. Each cell shows the average value between two replicates. The illustrations depict T. transversa developmental stages from the oocyte until the post-metamorphic juvenile. The stages we analyzed using in situ hybridization (early gastrula to late larva) are highlighted in magenta.
A novel approach to optimize the regularization and evaluation of dynamical models using a model selection framework
Creators: name: Lipka, Mathias
name: Thomas, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Orbit superposition models are a non-parametric dynamical modelling technique to determine the mass of a galaxy's central supermassive black hole (SMBH), its stars, or its dark-matter halo. One of the main problems is how to decide which model out of a large pool of trial models based on different assumed mass distributions represents the true structure of an observed galaxy best. We show that the traditional approach to judge models solely by their goodness-of-fit can lead to substantial biases in estimated galaxy properties caused by varying model flexibilities. We demonstrate how the flexibility of the models can be estimated using bootstrap iterations and present a model selection framework that removes these biases by taking the variable flexibility into account in the model evaluation. We extend the model selection approach to optimize the degree of regularisation directly from the data. Altogether, this leads to a significant improvement of the constraining power of the modeling technique. We show with simulations that one can reconstruct the mass, anisotropy and viewing angle of an axisymmetric galaxy with a few percent accuracy from realistic observational data with fully resolved line-of-sight velocity distributions (LOSVDs). In a first application, we reproduce a photometric estimate of the inclination of the disk galaxy NGC 3368 to within 5 degree accuracy from kinematic data that cover only a few sphere-of-influence radii around the galaxy's SMBH. This demonstrates the constraining power that can be achieved with orbit models based on fully resolved LOSVDs and a model selection framework.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 28 pages, 27 figures, 3 tables
Additional file 1 of Australian guideline on wound classification of diabetes-related foot ulcers: part of the 2021 Australian evidence-based guidelines for diabetes-related foot disease
Creators: name: Hamilton, Emma J.
name: Scheepers, Joanna
name: Ryan, Hayley
name: Perrin, Byron M.
name: Charles, James
name: Cheney, Jane
name: Twigg, Stephen M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
A counterexample to Payne's nodal line conjecture with few holes
Creators: name: Dahne, Joel
name: Gómez-Serrano, Javier
name: Hou, Kimberly
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Payne conjectured in 1967 that the nodal line of the second Dirichlet eigenfunction must touch the boundary of the domain. In their 1997 breakthrough paper, Hoffmann-Ostenhof, Hoffmann-Ostenhof and Nadirashvili proved this to be false by constructing a counterexample in the plane with many holes and raised the question of the minimum number of holes a counterexample can have. In this paper we prove it is at most 6.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables
Holographic dark energy interacting with dark matter in a Closed Universe
Creators: name: Cruz, Norman
name: Lepe, Samuel
name: Pena, Francisco
name: Saavedra, Joel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A cosmological model of an holographic dark energy interacting with dark matter throughout a decaying term of the form $Q=3(λ_1ρ_{DE} + λ_2ρ_m) H$ is investigated. General constraint on the parameters of the model are found when accelerated expansion is imposed and we found a phantom scenarios, without any reference to a specific equation of state for the dark energy. The behavior of equation of stated for dark energy is also discussed.
description: 9 pages
Gravitational Self-force Errors of Poisson Solvers on Adaptively Refined Meshes
Creators: name: Zhu, Hanjue
name: Gnedin, Nickolay Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An error in the gravitational force that the source of gravity induces on itself (a self-force error) violates both the conservation of linear momentum and the conservation of energy. If such errors are present in a self-gravitating system and are not sufficiently random to average out, the obtained numerical solution will become progressively more unphysical with time: the system will acquire or lose momentum and energy due to numerical effects. In this paper, we demonstrate how self-force errors can arise in the case where self-gravity is solved on an adaptively refined mesh when the refinement is nonuniform. We provide the analytical expression for the self-force error and numerical examples that demonstrate such self-force errors in idealized settings. We also show how these errors can be corrected to an arbitrary order by straightforward addition of correction terms at the refinement boundaries.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, ApJS accepted
Large deflection elastic-plastic analysis of plate structures by the finite strip method
Creators: name: Abayakoon, Sarath Bandara Samarasinghe
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A solution procedure based on the finite strip method is presented herein, for the analysis of plate systems exhibiting geometric and material non-linearities. Special emphasis is given to the particular problem of rectangular plates with stiffeners running in a direction parallel to one side of the plate. The finite strip method is selected for the analysis as the geometry of the problem is well suited for the application of this method and also as the problem is too complicated to solve analytically. Large deflection effects are included in the present study, by taking first, order non-linearities in strain-displacement relations into account. Material non-linearities are handled by following von-Mises yield criterion and associated flow rule. A bi-linear stress-strain relationship is assumed for the plate material, if tested under uniaxial conditions. Numerical integration of virtual work equations is performed by employing Gauss quadrature. The number of integration points required in a given direction is determined either by observing the individual terms to be integrated or by previous experience. The final set of non-linear equations is solved via a Newton-Raphson iterative scheme, starting with the linear solution. Numerical investigations are carried out by applying the finite strip computer programme to analyse uniformly loaded rectangular and I beams with both simply supported and clamped ends. Displacements, stresses and moments along the beam are compared with analytical solutions in linear analyses and with finite element solutions in non-linear analyses. Investigations are also extended to determine the response of laterally loaded square plates with simply supported and clamped boundaries. Finally, a uniformly loaded stiffened panel is analysed and the results are compared with finite element results. It was revealed that a single mode in the strip direction was sufficient to yield engineering accuracy for design purposes, with most problems.
Additional file 17 of Combinatorial Wnt signaling landscape during brachiopod anteroposterior patterning
Creators: name: Vellutini, Bruno C.
name: Martín-Durán, José M.
name: Børve, Aina
name: Hejnol, Andreas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 17: Fig. S17: [PDF] Orthology assignment of Terebratalia transversa Dgo proteins. Best-scoring tree of a maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis using the amino acid sequences of Dgo (ANKRD6 or Diversin). We used Inversin proteins as an outgroup since they also have ankyrin repeats. Terebratalia transversa (Ttra) orthologs are highlighted in bold. The other species are Drosophila melanogaster (Dmel), Homo sapiens (Hsap), Limulus polyphemus (Lpol), Mus musculus (Mmus), Mytilus coruscus (Mcor), and Xenopus tropicalis (Xtro).
On planetary systems as ordered sequences
Creators: name: Sandford, Emily
name: Kipping, David
name: Collins, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A planetary system consists of a host star and one or more planets, arranged into a particular configuration. Here, we consider what information belongs to the configuration, or ordering, of 4286 Kepler planets in their 3277 planetary systems. First, we train a neural network model to predict the radius and period of a planet based on the properties of its host star and the radii and period of its neighbors. The mean absolute error of the predictions of the trained model is a factor of 2.1 better than the MAE of the predictions of a naive model which draws randomly from dynamically allowable periods and radii. Second, we adapt a model used for unsupervised part-of-speech tagging in computational linguistics to investigate whether planets or planetary systems fall into natural categories with physically interpretable "grammatical rules." The model identifies two robust groups of planetary systems: (1) compact multi-planet systems and (2) systems around giant stars ($\log{g} \lesssim 4.0$), although the latter group is strongly sculpted by the selection bias of the transit method. These results reinforce the idea that planetary systems are not random sequences -- instead, as a population, they contain predictable patterns that can provide insight into the formation and evolution of planetary systems.
description: 25 pages, 19 figures, accepted to MNRAS
Additional file 1 of Self-rated familiarity with autism spectrum disorders among practicing nurses: a cross-sectional study in the palestinian nursing practice
Creators: name: Shawahna, Ramzi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Charge Density of the Neutron
Creators: name: Miller, Gerald A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A model-independent analysis of the infinite-momentum-frame charge density of partons in the transverse plane is presented for the nucleon. We find that the neutron parton charge density is negative at the center, so that the square of the transverse charge radius is positive, in contrast with many expectations. Additionally, the proton's central u quark charge density is larger than that of the d quark by about 70 %. The proton (neutron) charge density has a long range positively (negatively) charged component.
description: 7 pages, three figures The replacement mainly concerns correcting an error made in computing the proton up and down quark densities from the correctly computed proton and neutron charge densities. The proton central u quark density is now larger than that of the d quark
Geometric and energy-aware decomposition of the Navier-Stokes equations: A port-Hamiltonian approach
Creators: name: Califano, Federico
name: Rashad, Ramy
name: Schuller, Frederic P.
name: Stramigioli, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A port-Hamiltonian model for compressible Newtonian fluid dynamics is presented in entirely coordinate-independent geometric fashion. This is achieved by use of tensor-valued differential forms that allow to describe describe the interconnection of the power preserving structure which underlies the motion of perfect fluids to a dissipative port which encodes Newtonian constitutive relations of shear and bulk stresses. The relevant diffusion and the boundary terms characterizing the Navier-Stokes equations on a general Riemannian manifold arise naturally from the proposed construction.
description: This is a preprint submitted to the journal of Physics of Fluids. Please do not CITE this version, but only the published manuscript
Monopoles, topology of the Standard Model, and unification of interactions at Tev scale
Creators: name: Zubkov, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that unification of strong and Electroweak interactions at Tev scale may lead to appearance of topologically stable monopoles with masses of the order of 40 Tev. Those monopoles may play an important role in the early Universe, at finite temperature. They may even be condensed at high enough temperature. The lattice model for investigation of this phenomenon is presented.
description: a version to appear in the proceedings of LATTICE 2007
Regular black holes in three dimensions
Creators: name: Bueno, Pablo
name: Cano, Pablo A.
name: Moreno, Javier
name: van der Velde, Guido
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find a plethora of new analytic black holes and globally regular horizonless spacetimes in three dimensions. The solutions involve a single real scalar field $ϕ$ which always admits a magnetic-like expression proportional to the angular coordinate. The new metrics, which satisfy $g_{tt}g_{rr}=-1$ and represent continuous generalizations of the BTZ one, solve the equations of Einstein gravity corrected by a new family of densities (controlled by unconstrained couplings) constructed from positive powers of $(\partial ϕ)^2$ and certain linear combinations of $R^{ab} \partial_a ϕ\partial_b ϕ$ and $(\partial ϕ)^2 R$. Some of the solutions obtained describe black holes with one or several horizons. A set of them possesses curvature singularities, while others have conical or BTZ-like ones. Interestingly, in some cases the black holes have no singularity at all, being completely regular. Some of the latter are achieved without any kind of fine tuning or constraint between the action parameters and/or the physical charges of the solution. An additional class of solutions describes globally regular and horizonless geometries.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures
A New Class of Rank Breaking Orbifolds
Creators: name: von Gersdorff, Gero
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe field-theory T^2/Z_n orbifolds that offer new ways of breaking SU(N) to lower rank subgroups. We introduce a novel way of embedding the point group into the gauge group, beyond the usual mapping of torus and root lattices. For this mechanism to work the torus Wilson lines must carry nontrivial 't Hooft flux. The rank lowering mechanism proceeds by inner automorphisms but is not related to continous Wilson lines and does not give rise to any associated moduli. We give a complete classification of all possible SU(N) breaking patterns. We also show that the case of general gauge group can already be understood entirely in terms of the SU(N) case and the knowledge of standard orbifold constructions with vanishing 't Hooft flux.
description: 26 pages, 1 figure. v2: some minor changes to references, typos corrected
Motion Classification and Height Estimation of Pedestrians Using Sparse Radar Data
Creators: name: Horn, Markus
name: Schumann, Ole
name: Hahn, Markus
name: Dickmann, Jürgen
name: Dietmayer, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A complete overview of the surrounding vehicle environment is important for driver assistance systems and highly autonomous driving. Fusing results of multiple sensor types like camera, radar and lidar is crucial for increasing the robustness. The detection and classification of objects like cars, bicycles or pedestrians has been analyzed in the past for many sensor types. Beyond that, it is also helpful to refine these classes and distinguish for example between different pedestrian types or activities. This task is usually performed on camera data, though recent developments are based on radar spectrograms. However, for most automotive radar systems, it is only possible to obtain radar targets instead of the original spectrograms. This work demonstrates that it is possible to estimate the body height of walking pedestrians using 2D radar targets. Furthermore, different pedestrian motion types are classified.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, 1 table
Dentro questa notte nessuno
Creators: name: Abati, Velio
Publisher: name: Testo e Senso
Year: 2023

description: La contraddizione è la scaturigine dell’energia di Quarantanove poesie e altri disturbi[1]. La si incontra già là dove prende le mosse per poi dar vita, assumendo forme diverse, all’intero organismo, dal tessuto linguistico, alle nervature compositive, al disegno complessivo


 


[1] Cristina Alziati, Quarantanove poesie e altri disturbi, Milano, Marcos y Marcos, 2023.
description: Testo e Senso, N. 26 (2023)
Temperature-dependent Fermi surface of 2H-TaSe2 driven by competing density wave order fluctuations
Creators: name: Inosov, D. S.
name: Evtushinsky, D. V.
name: Zabolotnyy, V. B.
name: Kordyuk, A. A.
name: Buechner, B.
name: Follath, R.
name: Berger, H.
name: Borisenko, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Temperature evolution of the 2H-TaSe2 Fermi surface (FS) is studied by high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). High-accuracy determination of the FS geometry was possible after measuring electron momenta and velocities along all high-symmetry directions as a function of temperature with subsequent fitting to a tight-binding model. The estimated incommensurability parameter of the nesting vector agrees with that of the incommensurate charge modulations. We observe detectable nonmonotonic temperature dependence of the FS shape, which we show to be consistent with the analogous behavior of the pseudogap. These changes in the electronic structure could stem from the competition of commensurate and incommensurate charge density wave order fluctuations, explaining the puzzling reopening of the pseudogap observed in the normal state of both transition metal dichalcogenides and high-Tc cuprates.
description: Changes since v1: paper extended, Fig. 2 added, references updated
Additional file 18 of Combinatorial Wnt signaling landscape during brachiopod anteroposterior patterning
Creators: name: Vellutini, Bruno C.
name: Martín-Durán, José M.
name: Børve, Aina
name: Hejnol, Andreas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 18: Fig. S18: [PDF] Orthology assignment of Terebratalia transversa Pk proteins. Best-scoring tree of a maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis using the amino acid sequences of Pk from diverse metazoans. As an outgroup, we used Testin, a related protein which also contains a LIM and a PET domain.Terebratalia transversa (Ttra) orthologs are highlighted in bold. The other species are Clytia hemisphaerica (Chem), Crassostrea gigantea (Cgig), Drosophila melanogaster (Dmel), Homo sapiens (Hsap), Lingula anatina (Lana), Nematostella vectensis (Nvec), Pecten maximus (Pmax), and Saccoglossus kowalevskii (Skow).
New species of the austral bryozoan genus Taylorus nom. nov. (Escharinidae): phylogenetic and palaeobiogeographical implications
Creators: name: Pérez, Leandro M.
name: López-Gappa, Juan
name: Vieira, Leandro M.
name: Gordon, Dennis P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: The cheilostome bryozoan genus Taylorius Gordon, 2014 comprises six named living and fossil species from New Zealand and one Recent species from South Africa. Taylorus nom. nov. is proposed as a replacement name for Taylorius Gordon, 2014 (Bryozoa), a secondary homonym of Taylorius Britton, 1960 (Arthropoda: Coleoptera). Here, we describe Taylorus patagonicus sp. nov. from the early Miocene of Argentine Patagonia, and two new living species from New Zealand, Taylorus microperforatus sp. nov. and Taylorus alatus sp. nov. These new finds extend the known range of Taylorus nom. nov. to areas formerly comprising the Gondwanan supercontinent. Cladistic analysis suggests that there is a basal divergence within Taylorus nom. nov. in which an extant lineage consisting of species from South Africa and New Zealand is the sister group to the remaining species. Two New Zealand fossil taxa, T. masoni and T. waiparaensis, were not recovered in an exclusively Zealandian clade. The early Miocene New Zealand species T. masoni nested with three Recent Zealandian species, this subclade being sister to a group comprising the remaining New Zealand species and that from Patagonia. These different lineages suggest that Taylorus nom. nov. originated in the Paleogene, perhaps in the early Oligocene or late Eocene.
Equations of motion, initial and boundary conditions for GRB
Creators: name: Bianco, Carlo Luciano
name: Ruffini, Remo
name: Vereshchagin, Gregory
name: Xue, She-Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare and contrast the different approaches to the optically thick adiabatic phase of GRB all the way to the transparency. Special attention is given to the role of the rate equation to be self consistently solved with the relativistic hydrodynamic equations. The works of Shemi and Piran (1990), Piran, Shemi and Narayan (1993), Meszaros, Laguna and Rees (1993) and Ruffini, Salmonson, Wilson and Xue (1999,2000) are compared and contrasted. The role of the baryonic loading in these three treatments is pointed out. Constraints on initial conditions for the fireball produced by electro-magnetic black hole are obtained.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Resolving the dynamical mass tension of the massive binary 9 Sagittarii
Creators: name: Fabry, M.
name: Hawcroft, C.
name: Frost, A. J.
name: Mahy, L.
name: Marchant, P.
name: Bouquin, J-B. Le
name: Sana, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Direct dynamical mass measurements of stars with masses above 30 M${}_\odot$ are rare. This is the result of the low yield of the upper initial mass function and the limited number of such systems in eclipsing binaries. Long-period, double-lined spectroscopic binaries that are also resolved astrometrically offer an alternative for obtaining absolute masses of stellar objects. 9 Sgr is one such long-period, high-mass binary. Unfortunately, a large amount of tension exists between its total dynamical mass inferred from radial velocity measurements and that from astrometric data. We obtained the astrometric orbit from VLTI/PIONIER and VLTI/GRAVITY interferometric measurements. Using archival and new spectroscopy, we performed a grid-based spectral disentangling search to constrain the semi-amplitudes of the radial velocity curves. We computed atmospheric parameters and surface abundances by adjusting \textsc{fastwind} atmosphere models and we compared our results with evolutionary tracks computed with the Bonn Evolutionary Code (BEC). Grid spectral disentangling of 9 Sgr supports the presence of a 53 M${}_\odot$ primary and a 39 M${}_\odot$ secondary. Comparison with BEC evolutionary tracks shows the components of 9 Sgr are most likely coeval with an age of roughly 1 Myr. Our analysis clears up the contradiction between mass and orbital inclination estimates reported in previous studies. We detect the presence of significant CNO-processed material at the surface of the primary, suggesting enhanced internal mixing compared to currently implemented in the BEC models. The present measurements provide a high-quality high-mass anchor to validate stellar evolution models and to test the efficiency of internal mixing processes.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables (+6 figures and 3 tables in appendices). Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics