cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Second Language Acquisition and Processing of Chinese bei Passives
Creators: name: Dai, Ruyi
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: second language acquisition
language processing
Chinese

description: This doctoral dissertation reports on an empirical study, which takes a feature-based approach and probes the L2 acquisition and processing of Chinese bei passives by adult English native speakers. In Chinese, an individual passive marker bei is used to mark passive constructions. Whilst historically used as a lexical verb, bei is in the process of being grammaticalised (i.e. semi-lexical) and hence contains a semantic component (Liu, 2012a). Three forms of bei passives and their semantic properties have been investigated: basic long bei passives (i.e. with an external argument), basic short bei passives (i.e. without an external argument), and the retained-object construction of bei. In total, 75 English native speakers with intermediate and advanced Chinese proficiency, and 33 native Mandarin Chinese speakers (serving as a control group) were tested by a series of on-line methods (a self-paced reading task and a reaction-time picture elicited word rearrangement task) and off-line methods (an untimed acceptability judgement task and a fill-in-the-blank task). The current study finds that the reconfiguration of target semantic features of bei is a gradual process and occurs feature-by-feature, depending on consistent and ample input-based evidence. This lends support to the Feature Reassembly Hypothesis (Lardiere, 2005, 2008, 2009). It is also found that morphosyntax-semantics mismatches lead to acquisitional difficulties, as predicted by the Bottleneck Hypothesis (Slabakova, 2008, 2009b), which shares a similar view to the Feature Reassembly Hypothesis. In addition, L1 English L2 Chinese learners are found to be subject to the formation strategy of English short passives, in line with Montrul (2001). A disjunction in L2 performance between off-line and on-line tasks has been found in the advanced learners, who show target-like on-line sensitivity to violations of semantic constraints on bei but fail to converge on the target grammar in off-line judgements. These findings are compatible with Ullman’s (2001, 2005) declarative-procedural model and suggest that the increase in convergence on real-time comprehension and production in the advanced learners is a result of the more involved procedural system. The general findings of the current study lend support to the view (Sorace, 2009; White, 2011) that representational and processing difficulties must be teased apart in L2 acquisition.
Finite-volume meson propagators in quenched chiral perturbation theory
Creators: name: Damgaard, P. H.
name: Diamantini, M. C.
name: Hernandez, P.
name: Jansen, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute meson propagators in finite-volume quenched chiral perturbation theory.
description: 3 pages, Lattice2001(chiral fermions)
BLOG: Time Flies
Creators: name: Grijs, Richard De
Publisher: name: ORCID
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Richard de Grijs was one of our researcher Board members from 2017-2019. In this post, he reflects on how ORCID has evolved during this time, and on his experience of ORCID as both a Board member and a practising researcher.
Nurturing Resilience: A Holistic Approach to Mental Wellbeing in Rare Disease Communities.
Creators: name: Alves Ferreira, João Miguel
Publisher: name: EURORDIS: Mental Health & Wellbeing
Year: 2024

description: ‘What worked for you’ - Mental & Wellbeing Tools & Approaches On Mental Health of a Rare Disease

Community Contact persons:

Matt Bolz-Johnson, Mental Health Lead and Healthcare Advisor: matt.bolz-johnson@eurordis.org

Concha Mayo, Mental Wellbeing Engagement Manager: concha.mayo@eurordis.org

Promoter: EURORDIS: Mental Health & Wellbeing sectio

https://www.eurordis.org/pt-pt/mental-wellbeing/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i1Vy3-S7FWQ&t=401s
On the tension between growth rate and CMB data
Creators: name: Quelle, Alba
name: Maroto, Antonio L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the claimed tension between redshift space distorsions measurements of $f(z)σ_8(z)$ and the predictions of standard $Λ$CDM (Planck 2015 and 2018) cosmology. We consider a dataset consisting of 17 data points extending up to redshift $z=1.52$ and corrected for the Alcock-Paczynski effect. Thus, calculating the evolution of the growth factor in a $w$CDM cosmology, we find that the tension for the best fit parameters $w$, $Ω_m$ and $σ_8$ with respect to the Planck 2018 $Λ$CDM parameters is below $2σ$ in all the marginalized confidence regions.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures. Final version to appear in Eur. Phys. J. C
Economic optimisation of large scale tidal stream turbine arrays
Creators: name: Avdis, Alexandros
name: Piggott, Matthew
name: Kramer, Stephan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 90599 Civil Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: Pre-print submitted to the 2019 European Wave and Tidal Energy Conference (EWTEC).
Presented 4 September 2019.
Effects of abscisic acid agonist or antagonist applications on aroma volatiles and anthocyanin biosynthesis in grape berries
Creators: name: Jia, Haifeng
name: Wang, Shanshan
name: Lin, Hong
name: Satio, Takanori
name: Ampa, Kongsuwan
name: Todoroki, Yasushi
name: Kondo, Satoru
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The effects of applying abscisic acid (ABA), Abz (abscinazole, an inhibitor of CYP707A), and nordihydroguaiaretic acid ((NDGA), an inhibitor of 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED)) on fruit firmness, anthocyanin biosynthesis, aroma volatiles, and their related genes were investigated in grape berries (Vitis vinifera L. × Vitis labrusca L. cv. Kyoho). ABA and Abz application promoted the accumulation of anthocyanin and aroma volatiles, the activity of polygalacturonase (PG), pectin methylesterase, and cellulase, but reduced fruit firmness. On the other hand, NDGA showed the opposite tendencies. Abz decreased VvCYP707A1 expression but increased VvPYL8 expression. VvPP2C49 expression was negatively correlated with ABA concentration. The expression levels of VvMYBA2 and VvUFGT correlated with anthocyanin concentration, unlike those of VvLAR1. ABA and Abz application increased endogenous ABA concentrations and the expression levels of VvOPR3, VvACO1, and VvPG, whereas NDGA application decreased them. These results suggest that ABA concentrations influence anthocyanin formation and fruit softening through the expression of VvMYBA2, VvUFGT, and VvPG.
Quantum field dynamics of the slow rollover in the linear delta expansion
Creators: name: Bedingham, D. J.
name: Jones, H. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how the linear delta expansion, as applied to the slow-roll transition in quantum mechanics, can be recast in the closed time-path formalism. This results in simpler, explicit expressions than were obtained in the Schrödinger formulation and allows for a straightforward generalization to higher dimensions. Motivated by the success of the method in the quantum-mechanical problem, where it has been shown to give more accurate results for longer than existing alternatives, we apply the linear delta expansion to four-dimensional field theory. At small times all methods agree. At later times, the first-order linear delta expansion is consistently higher that Hartree-Fock, but does not show any sign of a turnover. A turnover emerges in second-order of the method, but the value of $$ at the turnover is larger that that given by the Hartree-Fock approximation. Based on this calculation, and our experience in the corresponding quantum-mechanical problem, we believe that the Hartree-Fock approximation does indeed underestimate the value of $$ at the turnover. In subsequent applications of the method we hope to implement the calculation in the context of an expanding universe, following the line of earlier calculations by Boyanovsky {\sl et al.}, who used the Hartree-Fock and large-N methods. It seems clear, however, that the method will become unreliable as the system enters the reheating stage.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures, revised version with extra section 4.2 including second order calculation
Agrilus suvorovi OBENBERGER 1935
Creators: name: Frisch, Johannes
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Buprestidae
Agrilus
Agrilus suvorovi

description: Agrilus suvorovi OBENBERGER, 1935
(Buprestidae, Abb. 6), ein aus der Ussuri-Region im fernen Osten Russlands beschriebenes, sibirisches Faunenelement (NIEHUIS 2004: 392), ist durch die arboreale Paläarktis bis nach Westeuropa verbreitet, wo die Art vom nördlichen Mediterraneum bis Südskandinavien bekannt ist (vgl. JENDEK 2016: 544). In Deutschland ist A. suvorovi weit verbreitet und in vielen Landesteilen nachgewiesen, aus Hessen jedoch noch nicht gemeldet (vgl. BLEICH et al. 2021).
Dieser Prachtkäfer entwickelt sich oligophag als Schwächeparasit unter der Rinde von Pappeln (Populus spec.), in Baden-Württemberg bevorzugt an geschwächten Zitterpappeln (Populus tremula) an suboptimalen Standorten in sonniger Lage wie Kies- und Sandgruben, Waldrändern oder Vorwaldstadien (BRECHTEL & KOSTENBADER 2002: 283). In Rheinland-Pfalz wurde die Art bislang nur an der Zitterpappel gefunden (NIEHUIS 2004: 396). Auch auf dem Haimberg entwickelt sich A. suvorovi in dieser Baumart. Ich fand den Prachtkäfer am 30.05.2019 auf geschlagenen Zitterpappelstämmen am Rande des Basaltsteinbruchs und am 29.06.2021 an durch Trockenstress erkennbar geschwächten, jungen Zitterpappeln am südwestlichen Waldrand. In der Roten Liste der Käfer Deutschlands (SCHMIDL et al., 2021, im Druck) ist A. suvorovi als selten (s) eingestuft, aber keiner Gefährdungskategorie zugeordnet.
description: Published as part of Frisch, Johannes, 2021, Die Käferfauna des NSG Haimberg bei Mittelrode und angrenzender Flächen (Insecta, Coleoptera), pp. 29-34 in Beiträge zur Naturkunde in Osthessen 58 on pages 31-32, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15237719
Formal verification-driven parallelisation synthesis
Creators: name: Botinčan, Matko
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: Programming languages
Verification
Parallelisation

description: Concurrency is often an optimisation, rather than intrinsic to the functional behaviour of a program, i.e., a concurrent program is often intended to achieve the same effect of a simpler sequential counterpart, just faster. Error-free concurrent programming remains a tricky problem, beyond the capabilities of most programmers. Consequently, an attractive alternative to manually developing a concurrent program is to automatically synthesise one. This dissertation presents two novel formal verification-based methods for safely transforming a sequential program into a concurrent one. The first method---an instance of proof-directed synthesis---takes as the input a sequential program and its safety proof, as well as annotations on where to parallelise, and produces a correctly-synchronised parallelised program, along with a proof of that program. The method uses the sequential proof to guide the insertion of synchronisation barriers to ensure that the parallelised program has the same behaviour as the original sequential version. The sequential proof, written in separation logic, need only represent shape properties, meaning we can parallelise complex heap-manipulating programs without verifying every aspect of their behaviour. The second method proposes specification-directed synthesis: given a sequential program, we extract a rich, stateful specification compactly summarising program behaviour, and use that specification for parallelisation. At the heart of the method is a learning algorithm which combines dynamic and static analysis. In particular, dynamic symbolic execution and the computational learning technique grammar induction are used to conjecture input-output specifications, and counterexample-guided abstraction refinement to confirm or refute the equivalence between the conjectured specification and the original program. Once equivalence checking succeeds, from the inferred specifications we synthesise code that executes speculatively in parallel---enabling automated parallelisation of irregular loops that are not necessary polyhedral, disjoint or with a static pipeline structure.
description: Gates Cambridge Trust
Spatio-temporal dynamics of dilute red blood cell suspensions in a microchannel flow at low Reynolds number
Creators: name: Zhou, Qi
name: Fidalgo, Joana
name: Calvi, Lavinia
name: Bernabeu, Miguel O.
name: Hoskins, Peter R.
name: Oliveira, Mónica S. N.
name: Krüger, Timm
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Microfluidic technologies are commonly used for the manipulation of red blood cell (RBC) suspensions and analyses of flow-mediated biomechanics. To enhance the performance of microfluidic devices, understanding the dynamics of the suspensions processed within is crucial. We report novel aspects of the spatio-temporal dynamics of RBC suspensions flowing through a typical microchannel at low Reynolds number. Through experiments with dilute RBC suspensions, we find an off-centre two-peak (OCTP) profile of cells contrary to the centralised distribution commonly reported for low-inertia flows. This is reminiscent of the well-known "tubular pinch effect" which arises from inertial effects. However, given the conditions of negligible inertia in our experiments, an alternative explanation is needed for this OCTP profile. Our massively-parallel simulations of RBC flow in real-size microfluidic dimensions using the immersed-boundary-lattice-Boltzmann method (IB-LBM) confirm the experimental findings and elucidate the underlying mechanism for the counterintuitive RBC pattern. By analysing the RBC migration and cell-free layer (CFL) development within a high-aspect-ratio channel, we show that such a distribution is co-determined by the spatial decay of hydrodynamic lift and the global deficiency of cell dispersion in dilute suspensions. We find a CFL development length greater than 46 and 28 hydraulic diameters in the experiment and simulation, respectively, exceeding typical lengths of microfluidic designs. Our work highlights the key role of transient cell distribution in dilute suspensions, which may negatively affect the reliability of experimental results if not taken into account.
description: 19+15 pages, 7+18 figures, including supplementary material
Linkages Between Human Capital and the Environment: Implications for Sustainable Econmic Development
Creators: name: Goetz, Stephan J.
name: Debertin, David L.
name: Pagoulatos, Angelos
name: Goetz, Stephan J.
name: Debertin, David L.
name: Pagoulatos, Angelos
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Labor and Human Capital

description: An empirical analysis reveals that US states with a more highly educated population have better environmental conditions, after controlling for income and industrial composition. The strategy of raising human capital stocks to maintain or improve environmental quality is proposed as a complement, if not an alternative, to direct government intervention which consists of command and control, market incentives and moral suasion. Under this approach, general education becomes the control variable which guides economic behaviour in a manner consistent with long-term environmental sustainability.
Anisotropic Lattices and Dynamical Fermions
Creators: name: Levkova, L.
name: Manke, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report results from full QCD calculations with two flavors of dynamical staggered fermions on anisotropic lattices. The physical anisotropy as determined from spatial and temporal masses, their corresponding dispersion relations, and spatial and temporal Wilson loops is studied as a function of the bare gauge anisotropy and the bare velocity of light appearing in the Dirac operator. The anisotropy dependence of staggered fermion flavor symmetry breaking is also examined. These results will then be applied to the study of 2-flavor QCD thermodynamics.
description: Lattice2001(spectrum)
Neutralization of ion beam by electron injection, Part 1: Accumulation of cold electrons
Creators: name: Lan, Chaohui
name: Kaganovich, Igor D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ion beam charge neutralization by electron injection is a complex kinetic process. Recent experiments show that resulting self-potential of the beam after neutralization by plasma could be much lower than the temperature of plasma electrons [Physics of Plasmas 23, 043113 (2016)], indicating that kinetic effects are important and may affect the neutralization of ion beam. We performed a numerical study of the charge neutralization process of an ion beam making use of a two-dimensional electrostatic particle-in-cell code. The results show that the process of charge neutralization by electron injection is comprised of two stages. During the first stage, the self-potential of the beam is higher than the temperature of injected electrons (Te/e). Therefore, the neutralization of the ion beam is almost unaffected by Te, and all injected electrons are captured by the ion beam. At the second stage, with the decline of the beam potential (), hot electrons escape from the ion beam, while cold electrons are slowly accumulated. As a result, can be much lower than Te/e. It is found in the simulations that during the accumulation of cold electrons, scales as . In addition, the results show that the transverse position of electron source has a great impact on ion beam neutralization. Slight shift of electron source leads to large increase of the beam potential because of increase in potential energy of injected electrons.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures
Predicted FeII Emission-Line Strengths from Active Galactic Nuclei
Creators: name: Sigut, T. A. A.
name: Pradhan, Anil K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present theoretical FeII emission line strengths for physical conditions typical of Active Galactic Nuclei with Broad-Line Regions. The FeII line strengths were computed with a precise treatment of radiative transfer using extensive and accurate atomic data from the Iron Project. Excitation mechanisms for the FeII emission included continuum fluorescence, collisional excitation, self-fluorescence amoung the FeII transitions, and fluorescent excitation by Lyman-alpha and Lyman-beta. A large FeII atomic model consisting of 827 fine structure levels (including states to E ~ 15 eV) was used to predict fluxes for approximately 23,000 FeII transitions, covering most of the UV, optical, and IR wavelengths of astrophysical interest. Spectral synthesis for wavelengths from 1600 Angstroms to 1.2 microns is presented. Applications of present theoretical templates to the analysis of observations are described. In particular, we discuss recent observations of near-IR FeII lines in the 8500 Angstrom -- 1 micron region which are predicted by the Lyman-alpha fluorescence mechanism. We also compare our UV spectral synthesis with an empirical iron template for the prototypical, narrow-line Seyfert galaxy I Zw 1. The theoretical FeII template presented in this work should also applicable to a variety of objects with FeII spectra formed under similar excitation conditions, such as supernovae and symbiotic stars.
description: 33 pages, 15 postscript figures
Does Education Increase Agricultural Productivity in Africa?
Creators: name: Pinckney, Thomas C.
name: Pinckney, Thomas C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Agribusiness
Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: Past published studies establishing a significant, positive link between education and agricultural productivity have used Asian data almost exclusively. With one exception, these studies have not checked to see if the positive impact of education comes about only by screening for ability. Using household level data from coffee regions of Kenya and Tanzania, this study finds that households in which the agricultural decision-maker is numerate and literate produce 30 percent more agricultural output, holding other variables constant. This estimate of the impact of education is markedly higher than those made using years of schooling as an independent variable. Increasing cognitive skills beyond basic numeracy and literacy has no additional impact on production. Evidence from Kenya (but not from Tanzania) suggests that reasoning ability and the presence of at least one educated person in the household also increase productivity substantially.
Tilting Ice Giants with a Spin-Orbit Resonance
Creators: name: Rogoszinski, Zeeve
name: Hamilton, Douglas P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Giant collisions can account for Uranus's and Neptune's large obliquities, yet generating two planets with widely different tilts and strikingly similar spin rates is a low-probability event. Trapping into a secular spin-orbit resonance, a coupling between spin and orbit precession frequencies, is a promising alternative, as it can tilt the planet without altering its spin period. We show with numerical integrations that if Uranus harbored a massive circumplanetary disk at least three times the mass of its satellite system while it was accreting its gaseous atmosphere, then its spin precession rate would increase enough to resonate with its own orbit, potentially driving the planet's obliquity to 70${^\circ}$. We find that the presence of a massive disk moves the Laplace radius significantly outward from its classical value, resulting in more of the disk contributing to the planet's pole precession. Although we can generate tilts greater than 70${^\circ}$ only rarely and cannot drive tilts beyond 90${^\circ}$, a subsequent collision with an object about $0.5\,M_{\oplus}$ could tilt Uranus from 70${^\circ}$ to 98${^\circ}$. Minimizing the masses and number of giant impactors from two or more to just one increases the likelihood of producing Uranus's spin states by about an order of magnitude. Neptune, by contrast, needs a less massive disk to explain its 30${^\circ}$ tilt, eliminating the need for giant collisions altogether.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ, minor edits
Federating EU Development Cooperation? Europe’s Contributions to International Development Effectiveness
Creators: name: Steingass, Sebastian Dionysius
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: European Union
international development
transnational governance
policy networks
policy-making
international institutions
member states

description: The European Union (EU) has long strived to act collectively in the face of international challenges such as poverty, hunger and state fragility beyond its borders. While the EU member states and institutions seek coherent responses to these challenges, they also have partly competing agendas. Yet there has been increasing agreement on collective action. To understand this agreement, this thesis asks how policy professionals contribute to the advocacy of policy norms for collective action between the EU institutions and the member states. The research analyses policy processes in EU development cooperation since the early 2000s. In development cooperation the EU’s effectiveness has been particularly contested because of the combination of competing ideas about the EU’s role and about how to achieve effective and sustainable development. The research finds that, while formal decisions about collective action remain in the hands of member states, transnational networks of policy professionals in the EU institutions, member state bureaucracies and civil society contribute to shaping the terms of debate regarding the EU’s role in effective development cooperation. These network interactions, which form around institutional decision-making centres, transcend the organisational boundaries of member state bureaucracies, EU institutions and civil society organisations. These findings fill a gap in our understanding of how EU norms governing collective external action are advocated as existing research has tended to focus on how institutional structure facilitate state coordination. By concentrating on the cases of Germany and the United Kingdom and their engagement with the EU institutions, the research revises existing, dominant views on norm advocacy in EU external action: It links the previously little related concepts of norm advocacy and discursive networks to analyse the agency and scope of policy professionals in the advocacy of EU policy norms; and it provides new empirical insights into the role of these policy professionals for collective action between the EU institutions and the member states in development cooperation.
description: This work was supported by the Economic and Social Research Council [grant number 1372197].
Theory-Motivated Benchmark Models and Superpartners at the Tevatron
Creators: name: Kane, G. L.
name: Lykken, J.
name: Mrenna, Stephen
name: Nelson, Brent D.
name: Wang, Lian-Tao
name: Wang, Ting T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently published benchmark models have contained rather heavy superpartners. To test the robustness of this result, several benchmark models have been constructed based on theoretically well-motivated approaches, particularly string-based ones. These include variations on anomaly and gauge-mediated models, as well as gravity mediation. The resulting spectra often have light gauginos that are produced in significant quantities at the Tevatron collider, or will be at a 500 GeV linear collider. The signatures also provide interesting challenges for the LHC. In addition, these models usually account for electroweak symmetry breaking with relatively less fine-tuning than previous benchmark models.
description: 44 pages, 4 figures; some typos corrected. Revisions reflect published version
Technological Change: The Re-Discovery of the Engine of Productivity Growth in China's Rural Economy
Creators: name: Huang, Jikun
name: Rozelle, Scott
name: Huang, Jikun
name: Rozelle, Scott
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Productivity Analysis
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: The purpose of the paper is to explain the determinants of technological adoption and demonstrate the importance of technological change in rice yield growth during China's reform period. Using a unique data set on the nation's rice economy, in the first part of a two stage econometric model, adoption of new technologies (hybrid rice and single/double cropped rice) is shown to be chosen on the basis of two basic factors: the availability of a new technologies and the willingness of producers to adopt them. Treating technology as an endogenous factor, a set of rice supply and derived demand equations is subsequently estimated, and the parameters are used in a decomposition analysis. While institutional and environmental factors are found to be significant detenninants of post-reform productivity increases, technological change has been shown to be the greatest across all periods, and can account for most of the growth in recent years.
International Strategic Agricultural Trade Policy Interdependence and the Exchange Rate: A Game Theoretical Analysis
Creators: name: Kennedy, P. Lynn
name: Von Witzke, Harald
name: Roe, Terry
name: Kennedy, P. Lynn
name: Von Witzke, Harald
name: Roe, Terry
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: International Relations/Trade
Political Economy

description: International strategic agricultural trade policy interdependence is modelled using a game theoretical framework. The model distinguishes between the European Community, the United States and a politically passive rest-of-the-world. Particular emphasis is placed on the effect of the exchange rate on the equilibrium outcome of this game.
`Hyper Parameters' Approach to Joint Estimation: Applications to Cepheid-Calibrated Distances and X-Ray Clusters
Creators: name: Erdogdu, Pirin
name: Ettori, Stefano
name: Lahav, Ofer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a generalised procedure for the combined likelihood analysis of different cosmological probes, the `Hyper-Parameters' method, that allows freedom in the relative weights of the raw measurements. We perform a joint analysis of the cepheid-calibrated data from the Hubble Space Telescope Key Project and the baryon mass fraction in clusters to constrain the total matter density of the universe, Omega_m, and the Hubble parameter, h. We compare the results obtained using Hyper-Parameters method with the estimates from standard chi^2 analysis. We assume that the universe is spatially flat, with a cosmological constant. We adopt the Big-Bang nucleosynthesis constraint for the baryon density, assuming the uncertainty is Gaussian distributed. Using this and the cluster baryon fraction data, we find that the matter density and the Hubble constant are correlated, Omega_m h^0.5~0.25, with preference for a very high h. To break the degeneracy, we add in the cepheid-calibrated data and find the best fit values (Omega_m, h) = (0.26 (+0.06,-0.06),0.72 (+0.04,-0.02)) (68 per cent confindence limits) using the Hyper-Parameters approach. We use the derived Hyper-Parameters to `grade' the 6 different data sets we analyse. Although our analysis is free of assumptions about the power spectrum of fluctuations, our results are in agreement with the Lambda-Cold Dark Matter `concordance' parameters derived from the Cosmic Microwave Background anisotropies combined with Supernovae Ia, redshift surveys and other probes.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, revised to match the accepted MNRAS version
Migration, Prices, and Wages in a North American Free Trade Agreement
Creators: name: Burfisher, Mary E.
name: Robinson, Sherman
name: Theirfelder, Karen
name: Burfisher, Mary E.
name: Robinson, Sherman
name: Theirfelder, Karen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: International Development
Labor and Human Capital

description: Much of the debate over potential wage changes under a North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) reflects views about the links between output prices and factor prices as described in the Stolper-Samuelson theorem. But the Stolper-Samuelson theorem does not fully describe the likely labour market effects of NAFTA because it includes the assumption that factors do not migrate. There are two forces at work that will affect US-Mexican wages under NAFTA; (a) indirect links between prices and wages as described in the Stolper-Samuelson theorem, and (b) direct effects of migration on labour supplies in the two countries. We use an 11-sector computable general equilibrium model of Mexico and the USA with both price changes and migration to determine which wage effect dominates following trade liberalization. We find that migration effects generally dominate Stolper-Samuelson effects on wages. Empirically, Stolper-Samuelson effects are very small.
Structural Adjustment and Agricultural Export Response in Latin America
Creators: name: Lee, David R.
name: Markussen, Kristin A.
name: Lee, David R.
name: Markussen, Kristin A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Agribusiness
Agricultural and Food Policy
Agricultural Finance
International Development

description: Expanding exports has been one of the principal goals of structural adjustment programs aimed at restoring external balance of payments equilibria in many developing countries. This paper analyzes agricultural export response for selected crops in 8 Latin American countries over the period 1961- 1990 in an attempt to confirm the export-enhancing effects of structural adjustment. The results show that: (a) commodity and country disaggregation in estimation generates much higher export response elasticities than previously estimated; (b) variations in the real exchange rate have a dominant effect in stimulating export response, compared to commodity price changes; and (c) statistical tests confirm structural change in export response elasticities in over half of the equations estimated. Overall, the evidence suggests that stabilization and adjustment reforms have had a significant though non-uniform effect in stimulating agricultural export expansion in Latin America.
NBS n the Water Sector and Urban Resilience
Creators: name: Beceiro, Paula
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 90599 Civil Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: · In urban water management, Nature-based Solutions concept have emerged as sustainable solutions, addressing climate change challenges. · A reflection on urban resilience assessment, with focus on urban water management, and Ecosystem Services is made. · The attributes for a comprehensive assessment framework of urban resilience and the main contributes of Nature-based Solutions for resilience are identified.
On the coverage of neutralino dark matter in coannihilations at the upgraded LHC
Creators: name: Abdughani, Murat
name: Wu, Lei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the supersymmetric models, the coannihilation of the neutralino DM with a lighter supersymmetric particle provides a feasible way to accommodate the observed cosmological DM relic density. Such a mechanism predicts a compressed spectrum of the neutralino DM and its coannihilating partner, which results in the soft final states and makes the searches for sparticles challenging at colliders. On the other hand, the abundance of the freeze-out neutralino DM usually increases as the DM mass becomes heavier. This implies an upper bound on the mass of the neutralino DM. Given these observations, we explore the HE-LHC coverage of the neutralino DM for the coannihilations. By analyzing the events of the multijet with the missing transverse energy ($E^{miss}_T$), the monojet, the soft lepton pair plus $E^{miss}_T$, and the monojet plus a hadronic tau, we find that the neutralino DM mass can be excluded up to 2.6, 1.7 and 0.8 TeV in the gluino, stop and wino coannihilations at the $2σ$ level, respectively. However, there is still no sensitivity of the neutralino DM in stau coannihilation at the HE-LHC, due to the small cross section of the direct stau pair production and the low tagging efficiency of soft tau from the stau decay.
description: 25 pages, discussions added, version published in EPJC
On the Competition between Ferromagnetic and Antiferromagnetic States in Sr$_2$MnMoO$_6
Creators: name: Solovyev, I. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is argued that the magnetic behavior of Sr$_2$MnMoO$_6$ is determined by the existence of two total energy minima corresponding to the metallic ferromagnetic and insulating antiferromagnetic states, which may be nearly degenerate depending on the magnitude of the breathing distortion.
description: Proceedings of Moscow International Symposium on Magnetism, Moscow State University, 2002 (4 pages, 3 figures)
Additional file 8 of Comparative genomic analysis revealed genetic divergence between Bifidobacterium catenulatum subspecies present in infant versus adult guts
Creators: name: Liu, Jiaqi
name: Li, Weicheng
name: Yao, Caiqing
name: Yu, Jie
name: Zhang, Heping
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 8: Fig. S5. Comparisonof GC content between full-length genomes and FHMO clusters in B. catenulatumsubsp. kashiwanohense.
Evaluating the Economic Efficiency of Agricultural Activities in Developing Countries: Domestic Resource Costs and the Social Cost-Benefit Ration
Creators: name: Masters, William A.
name: Winter-Nelson, Alex
name: Masters, William A.
name: Winter-Nelson, Alex
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Agribusiness
Agricultural Finance
International Development
Public Economics

description: This paper demonstrates that the conventional Domestic Resource Cost (DRC) indicator is biased against factor-intensive, low-input techniques, and that a simple Social Cost-Benefit (SCB) ratio is generally a more appropriate measure of economic efficiency. The potential policy significance of improved measurement is shown with data from Zimbabwe and Kenya. In Zimbabwe, the DRC is shown to incorrectly rank high-input large-scale farming systems above more Jabour-intensive smallholder systems; in Kenya, the DRC incorrectly ranks high-input horticultural crops above more Jabour-intensive food grains and traditional export crops.
A Framework for Evaluating the Sustainability and Economic Viability of Crop-Livestock Systems in Sub-Saharan Africa
Creators: name: Ehui, Simeon K.
name: Jabbar, Mohammad A.
name: Ehui, Simeon K.
name: Jabbar, Mohammad A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
International Development
Livestock Production/Industries

description: Improved crop-livestock production systems and technologies are currently being developed in sub-Saharan Africa in response to the growing demand for food and the degradation of the natural resource base. These technologies must not only enhance food production, but they also need to maintain ecological stability and preserve the natural resource base, that is, they must be sustainable. However, the notion of sustainability has been of limited operational use to policy-makers and researchers attempting to evaluate new technologies and/or determine the effects of various policies and technologies. This paper discusses a methodology for measuring the sustainability and economic viability of crop-livestock systems. The approach is based on the concept of intertemporal and interspatial total factor productivity, paying particular attention to the valuation of natural resource stock and flows. The method is applied to a data set available at the International Livestock Centre for Africa. Intertemporal and interspatial total factor productivity indexes are computed for three farming systems in southwestern Nigeria. Results show that the sustainability and economic viability measures are sensitive to changes in the stock and flow of soil nutrients as well as material inputs and outputs. The advantage of this approach is that intertemporal and interspatial total factor productivity measures are computed using only price and quantity data, thus eliminating the need for econometric estimation.
Vortices, Painlevé integrability and projective geometry
Creators: name: Contatto, Felipe
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: Vortices
Yang-Mills
Painlevé integrability
Integrable systems
Frobenius integrability
Projective geometry
Metrisability
Killing forms
Killing vectors
Hydrodynamic-type systems
Hamiltonian
Self-duality
Instantons
Solitons
Moduli space
Symmetry reduction
Gauge theory

description: GaugThe ﬁrst half of the thesis concerns Abelian vortices and Yang-Mills theory. It is proved that the 5 types of vortices recently proposed by Manton are actually symmetry reductions of (anti-)self-dual Yang-Mills equations with suitable gauge groups and symmetry groups acting as isometries in a 4-manifold. As a consequence, the twistor integrability results of such vortices can be derived. It is presented a natural deﬁnition of their kinetic energy and thus the metric of the moduli space was calculated by the Samols' localisation method. Then, a modiﬁed version of the Abelian–Higgs model is proposed in such a way that spontaneous symmetry breaking and the Bogomolny argument still hold. The Painlevé test, when applied to its soliton equations, reveals a complete list of its integrable cases. The corresponding solutions are given in terms of third Painlevé transcendents and can be interpreted as original vortices on surfaces with conical singularity. The last two chapters present the following results in projective differential geometry and Hamiltonians of hydrodynamic-type systems. It is shown that the projective structures deﬁned by the Painlevé equations are not metrisable unless either the corresponding equations admit ﬁrst integrals quadratic in ﬁrst derivatives or they deﬁne projectively ﬂat structures. The corresponding ﬁrst integrals can be derived from Killing vectors associated to the metrics that solve the metrisability problem. Secondly, it is given a complete set of necessary and suﬃcient conditions for an arbitrary aﬃne connection in 2D to admit, locally, 0, 1, 2 or 3 Killing forms. These conditions are tensorial and simpler than the ones in previous literature. By deﬁning suitable aﬃne connections, it is shown that the problem of existence of Killing forms is equivalent to the conditions of the existence of Hamiltonian structures for hydrodynamic-type systems of two components.
Karyotypic abnormalities and molecular analysis of Y chromosome microdeletion in Iranian Azeri Turkish population infertile men
Creators: name: Khiavi, Mostafa Akbarzadeh
name: Jalili, Akbar
name: Safary, Azam
name: Gharedaghchi, Ziba
name: Mirinezhad, Seyed Kazem
name: Mehdizadeh, Amir
name: Seyyed Ali Rahmani
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Infertility is one of the major health-threatening problems in communities which may lead to psychological problems among couples. Y chromosome abnormalities and microdeletions have recently been considered as one of the male infertility factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate different chromosomal disorders and azoospermia factor b (AZFb), AZFc and AZFd microdeletions in idiopathic non-obstructive oligo or azoospermia infertile men. One hundred infertile (78 azoospermia and 22 oligospermia) and 100 fertile men were included in this study. Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels were evaluated by electrochemiluminescence. Karyotyping was performed according to standard methods and interpreted using the International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature (ISHCN) recommendation. For Y chromosome microdeletion analysis, a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed using STS primers. Higher FSH (24.32 ± 15.32 versus 8.02 ± 3.37, p < 0.0001) and LH (14.97 ± 8.26 versus 5.42 ± 2.73, p < 0.0001) were observed in infertile patients compared to their fertile counterpart. Additionally, 14% of infertile patients exhibited abnormal karyotype. The frequency of Y chromosome microdeletions in azoospermic and oligospermic patients was 32.05% (25/78) and 0% (0/22), respectively. Additionally, in azoospermic patients, the highest microdeletion frequency was related to the AZFc region (80%). Our data indicate the presence of chromosomal changes in the most infertile men, suggesting karyotype and molecular analysis of Y chromosome microdeletions for genetic counseling before assisted reproduction. Abbreviations: ART: assisted reproductive technology; AZF: azoospermia factor; DAZ: deleted in azoospermia; FCS: fetal calf serum; FSH: follicle stimulating hormone; LH: luteinizing hormone; PCR: polymerase chain reaction; SRY: sex-determining region Y; STS: sequence-tagged sites
IMPACTS SOCIO ENVIRONNEMENTAUX DE L'OCCUPATION DES VOIES PUBLIQUES A KINSHASA. CAS DU BOULEVARD LUMUMBA, TRONÇON KIMBUTA-KINGASANI YA SUKA
Creators: name: MARIKANI   ATATALA Schadrac
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: L’étude fait l’état des lieux de l’implantation des activités informelles sur les voies publiques dans le boulevard Lumumba, tronçon Kimbuta-Kingasani ya suka. Elle s’appuie sur la méthode d’enquête et les techniques de questionnaire et documentaire. Les résultats montrent  les impacts socio environnementaux des occupations des voies publiques  sont possible: perturbation de la circulation, .sécurité des piétons devient un problème, dégradation des espaces verts, problème de gestion des déchets. Ainsi, la gestion des bouleversements structurels et fonctionnels de ces servitudes publiques est devenue problématique dans la gouvernance urbaine.
Equivalent Hamiltonian approach to quantum cosmology of integrable models
Creators: name: Kan, Nahomi
name: Kuniyasu, Masashi
name: Shiraishi, Kiyoshi
name: Takimoto, Kohjiroh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an approach to quantum cosmology of integrable models. To analyze the models with two dynamical variables, we introduce equivalent Hamiltonians in reduced phase spaces, which are obtained with the aid of the Faddeev--Jackiw method. Quantum dynamics of the models can be studied by using the equivalent Hamiltonians with various techniques.
description: 25 pages, 22 figures. Final version
Asymmetric Magnetic Relaxation behavior of Domains and Domain Walls Observed Through the FeRh First-Order Metamagnetic Phase Transition
Creators: name: Massey, Jamie R.
name: Temple, Rowan C.
name: Almeida, Trevor P.
name: Lamb, Ray
name: Peters, Nicolas A.
name: Campion, Richard P.
name: Fan, Raymond
name: McGrouther, Damien
name: McVitie, Stephen
name: Steadman, Paul
name: Marrows, Christopher H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phase coexistence present through a first-order phase transition means there will be finite regions between the two phases where the structure of the system will vary from one phase to the other, known as a phase boundary wall. This region is said to play an important but unknown role in the dynamics of the first-order phase transitions. Here, by using both x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy and magnetometry techniques to measure the temporal isothermal development at various points through the thermally activated first-order metamagnetic phase transition present in the near-equiatomic FeRh alloy, we are able to isolate the dynamic behavior of the domain walls in this system. These investigations reveal that relaxation behavior of the domain walls changes when phase coexistence is introduced into the system and that the domain wall dynamics is different to the macroscale behavior. We attribute this to the effect of the exchange coupling between regions of either magnetic phase changing the dynamic properties of domain walls relative to bulk regions of either phase. We also believe this behavior comes from the influence of the phase boundary wall on other magnetic objects in the system.
description: Main Paper: 13 pages, 8 figures. Supplementary information: 13 pages, 8 figures