cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Radiation effects on the Gaia CCDs after 30 months at L2
Creators: name: Crowley, Cian
name: Abreu, Asier
name: Kohley, Ralf
name: Prod'homme, Thibaut
name: Beaufort, Thierry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the launch of ESA's Gaia satellite in December 2013, the 106 large-format scientific CCDs onboard have been operating at L2. Due to a combination of the high-precision measurement requirements of the mission and the predicted proton environment at L2, the effect of non-ionizing radiation damage on the detectors was early identified pre-launch as potentially imposing a major limitation on the scientific value of the data. In this paper we compare pre-flight radiation-induced Charge Transfer Inefficiency (CTI) predictions against in-flight measurements, focusing especially on charge injection diagnostics, as well as correlating these CTI diagnostic results with solar proton event data. We show that L2-directed solar activity has been relatively low since launch, and radiation damage (so far) is less than originally expected. Despite this, there are clear cases of correlation between earth-directed solar coronal mass ejection events and abrupt changes in CTI diagnostics over time. These sudden jumps are lying on top of a rather constant increase in CTI which we show is primarily due to the continuous bombardment of the devices by high-energy Galactic Cosmic Rays. We examine the possible reasons for the lower than expected levels of CTI as well as examining the effect of controlled payload heating events on the CTI diagnostics. Radiation-induced CTI in the CCD serial registers and effects of ionizing radiation are also correspondingly lower than expected, however these topics are not examined here in detail.
title: Transformation based object classification
title: Ein Verfahren zur automatischen Initialisierung von Augmented Reality-Anwendungen
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Arlt, Hans Christian
name: Malerczyk, Cornelius
Publisher: name: Technische Hochschule Mittelhessen; Gießen
Year: 2015

description: Diese Arbeit befasst sich mit der Problemstellung der automatischen Initialisierung für Augmented Reality Applikationen im mobilen Anwendungsbereich. Es wird ein Verfahren entwickelt, welches ohne sichtliche Initialisierungsmarken eine Augmented Reality-Anwendung automatisch lädt. In der Regel wird hierfür auf Marker meist in der Form von QR-Codes zurückgegriffen. Das Verfahren soll die vorhanden Sensoren und verschiedene Bildanalyseverfahren nutzen, um eine Klassifizierung von Objekten zu realisieren. Die Objekte müssen vorher in einer Anlernphase im System hinterlegt werden. Hierbei werden eine Vielzahl von Trainingsdaten abgelegt, die beim Erkennen dann mit den aktuellen Werten abgeglichen werden. Im Rahmen des Forschungsprojektes "PIMAR" wird ein Prototyp dieses Verfahrens in einer Android-Anwendung für das mathematische Mitmach-Museum "Mathematikum" in Gießen umgesetzt. In der Anwendung werden exemplarisch einzelne Exponate über das Verfahren erkannt und die zugehörige AR-Szene geladen.
Emerging magnetism and anomalous Hall effect in iridate-manganite heterostructures
Creators: name: Nichols, John
name: Gao, Xiang
name: Lee, Shinbuhm
name: Meyer, Tricia L.
name: Freeland, John W.
name: Lauter, Valeria
name: Yi, Di
name: Liu, Jian
name: Haskel, Daniel
name: Petrie, Jonathan R.
name: Guo, Er-Jia
name: Herklotz, Andreas
name: Lee, Dongkyu
name: Ward, Thomas Z.
name: Eres, Gyula
name: Fitzsimmons, Michael R.
name: Lee, Ho Nyung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strong Coulomb repulsion and spin-orbit coupling are known to give rise to exotic physical phenomena in transition metal oxides. Initial attempts to investigate systems where both of these fundamental interactions are comparably strong, such as 3d and 5d complex oxide superlattices, have revealed properties that only slightly differ from the bulk ones of the constituent materials. Here, we observe that the interfacial coupling between the 3d antiferromagnetic insulator SrMnO3 and the 5d paramagnetic metal SrIrO3 is enormously strong, yielding an anomalous Hall response as the result of charge transfer driven interfacial ferromagnetism. These findings show that low dimensional spin-orbit entangled 3d-5d interfaces provide an avenue to uncover technologically relevant physical phenomena unattainable in bulk materials.
Industrie 4.0: Typologie der Unternehmen im Mittelstand
Creators: name: Sames, Gerrit
name: Schäfer, Maria
Publisher: name: Technische Hochschule Mittelhessen; Gießen
Year: 2017

description: Industrie 4.0 ist mittlerweile in den meisten mittelständischen Unternehmen bekannt. Seine Potenziale zur Verbesserung und Erweiterung von Geschäftsprozessen und -modellen kennen bisher nur wenige Unternehmen. So der Befund einer Befragung der Technischen Hochschule Mittelhessen (THM) beim Mittelstand.
Long-Lived Spiral Structure for Galaxies with Intermediate Size Bulges
Creators: name: Saha, Kanak
name: Elmegreen, Bruce
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spiral structure in disk galaxies is modeled with nine collisionless N-body simulations including live disks, halos, and bulges with a range of masses. Two of these simulations make long-lasting and strong two-arm spiral wave modes that last for $\sim5$ Gyr with constant pattern speed. These two had a light stellar disk and the largest values of the Toomre $Q$ parameter in the inner region at the time the spirals formed, suggesting the presence of a Q-barrier to wave propagation resulting from the bulge. The relative bulge mass in these cases is about 10\%. Models with weak two-arm spirals had pattern speeds that followed the radial dependence of the Inner Lindblad Resonance.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, Accepted by ApJ Letters
Correction to: Role of root hair elongation in rhizosheath aggregation and in the carbon flow into the soil
Creators: name: Teixeira, Pedro Paulo C.
name: Trautmann, Svenja
name: Buegger, Franz
name: Felde, Vincent J. M. N. L.
name: Pausch, Johanna
name: Müller, Carsten W.
name: Kögel-Knabner, Ingrid
Publisher: name: Berlin ; Heidelberg : Springer
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::630 | Landwirtschaft, Veterinärmedizin
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::640 | Hauswirtschaft und Familienleben

description: The above article’s initial published version contained an error regarding the co-author Vincent J. M. N. L. Felde’s affiliation. Instead of “Institute of Soil Science and Soil Conservation, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany”, the right affiliation should have been “Institute of Soil Science, Leibniz University of Hannover, Germany”. The original article has been corrected.
title: Zum Euler-Jahr 2007 „Zu Friedberg aß ich zu Mittag”
title: Leonhard Eulers Reise durch die Wetterau 1727
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Börgens, Manfred
name: Wagner, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Technische Hochschule Mittelhessen; Gießen
Year: 2007
Subjects: Euler, Friedberg

description: Der Mathematiker Leonhard Euler reiste im Jahr 1727 im Alter von 19 Jahren von Basel nach St. Petersburg, um an der Akademie der Wissenschaften seine erste Stelle anzutreten. Auf dieser Reise fuhr er mit der Postkutsche durch Hessen und machte in Friedberg Station. Eulers Tagebuch – bisher unveröffentlicht – enthält die genaue Reiseroute und wird in dieser Schrift für die Strecke zwischen Frankfurt und Marburg transkribiert. Sie kommentiert dieses Tagebuch und enthält Einzelheiten über den Besuch Eulers bei Christian Wolff in Marburg und zu seinen mathematischen Arbeiten im Reisejahr, ferner die bislang erschienenen Briefmarken mit Eulers Porträt. Die Schrift widmet sich auch der Serie „Literarische Wetterau“ der Wetterauer Zeitung, in der das Kernkapitel vorher erschienen war.
A WISE Census of Young Stellar Objects in Canis Major
Creators: name: Fischer, William J.
name: Padgett, Deborah L.
name: Stapelfeldt, Karl L.
name: Sewilo, Marta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE), we searched for young stellar objects (YSOs) in a 100 deg^2 region centered on the lightly studied Canis Major star forming region. Applying stringent magnitude cuts to exclude the majority of extragalactic contaminants, we find 144 Class I candidates and 335 Class II candidates. The sensitivity to Class II candidates is limited by their faintness at the distance to Canis Major (assumed as 1000 pc). More than half the candidates (53%) are found in 16 groups of more than four members, including four groups with more than 25 members each. The ratio of Class II to Class I objects, N_II/N_I, varies from 0.4 to 8.3 in just the largest four groups. We compare our results to those obtainable with combined Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) and post-cryogenic Spitzer Space Telescope data; the latter approach recovers missing Class II sources. Via a comparison to protostars characterized with the Herschel Space Observatory, we propose new WISE color criteria for flat-spectrum and Class 0 protostars, finding 80 and seven of these, respectively. The distribution of YSOs in CMa OB1 is consistent with supernova-induced star formation, although the diverse N_II/N_I ratios are unexpected if this parameter traces age and the YSOs are due to the same supernova. Less massive clouds feature larger N_II/N_I ratios, suggesting that initial conditions play a role in determining this quantity.
description: Accepted by ApJ, 25 pages, 28 figures
Umsetzungskonzepte für Industrie 4.0 im Mittelstand
Creators: name: Sames, Gerrit
name: Schäfer, Maria
Publisher: name: Technische Hochschule Mittelhessen; Gießen
Year: 2017

description: Die Voraussetzungen für Industrie 4.0 unterscheiden sich in den Unternehmen des Mittelstandes erheblich. Das hat eine Studie an der Technischen Hochschule Mittelhessen (THM) hervorgebracht. Man kann 5 Typen von Unternehmen differenzieren, die unterschiedliche Umsetzungskonzepte für den Weg zu Industrie 4.0 erfordern.
Design and Insights Gained in a Real-World Laboratory for the Implementation of New Coastal Protection Strategies
Creators: name: Kempa, Daniela
name: Karrasch, Leena
name: Schlurmann, Torsten
name: Prominski, Martin
name: Lojek, Oliver
name: Schulte-Güstenberg, Evke
name: Visscher, Jan
name: Zielinski, Oliver
name: Goseberg, Nils
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: coastal transformation
subject: ecosystem services
subject: Gute Küste Niedersachsen
subject: nature-based solutions
subject: southern North Sea
subject: transdisciplinarity
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::330 | Wirtschaft::333 | Boden- und Energiewirtschaft::333,7 | Natürliche Ressourcen, Energie und Umwelt
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::690 | Hausbau, Bauhandwerk

description: Novel strategies in coastal protection are needed to cope with climate change-induced sea level rise. They aim at the sustainable development of coastal areas in light of intensification and land use changes. A promising approach is the design of nature-based solutions (NbS), complementing the safety levels of technical infrastructure. However, NbS lack a widespread and large-scale implementation. To address this deficit, co-design concepts are needed that combine experiences from science and practice. This work presents and discusses the approach of a coast-specific real-world laboratory (RwL) addressing the inclusive design of ecosystem-based coastal protection. Strategies of RwLs are applied for the first time in a coastal context along the North Sea coastline in Germany. We found the concept of RwLs suitable for coastal transdisciplinary research, although adaptions in the spatial reference level or flexibility in location and time of experimentation are necessary. A profound actor analysis is indispensable to specify participatory processes and interaction levels. A criteria-based cooperative selection of RwL sites helps to reveal and solve conflicting interests to achieve trust between science and practice. Addressing site-specific characteristics and practitioners’ needs, our coastal RwL provides a mutual learning space to develop and test NbS to complement technical coastal protection.
Nucleus--nucleus interactions in the inner crust of neutron stars
Creators: name: Kobyakov, D.
name: Pethick, C. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interaction between nuclei in the inner crust of neutron stars consists of two contributions, the so-called "direct" interaction and an "induced" one due to density changes in the neutron fluid. For large nuclear separations $r$ the contributions from nuclear forces to each of these terms are shown to be nonzero. In the static limit they are equal in magnitude but have opposite signs and they cancel exactly. We analyze earlier results on effective interactions in the light of this finding. We consider the properties of long-wavelength collective modes and, in particular, calculate the degree of mixing between the lattice phonons and the phonons in the neutron superfluid. Using microscopic theory, we calculate the net non-Coulombic contribution to the nucleus--nucleus interaction and show that, for large $r$, the leading term is due to exchange of two phonons and varies as $1/r^7$: it is an analog of the Casimir--Polder interaction between neutral atoms.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables
Objectivity, value-free science, and inductive risk
Creators: name: Hoyningen-Huene, Paul
Publisher: name: Berlin ; Heidelberg : Springer
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Heather Douglas
subject: Inductive risk
subject: Objectivity
subject: Richard Rudner
subject: Value-free science
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::100 | Philosophie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften

description: In this paper I shall defend the idea that there is an abstract and general core meaning of objectivity, and what is seen as a variety of concepts or conceptions of objectivity are in fact criteria of, or means to achieve, objectivity. I shall then discuss the ideal of value-free science and its relation to the objectivity of science; its status can be at best a criterion of, or means for, objectivity. Given this analysis, we can then turn to the problem of inductive risk. Do the value judgements regarding inductive risk really pose a threat to the objectivity of science? I claim that this is not the case because they do not lower the thresholds scientifically postulated for objectivity. I shall conclude the paper with a discussion of under-appreciated influences of values on science, which indeed pose a serious threat to the objectivity of some scientific disciplines.
Author Correction: School grades and educational attainments of adolescents and young adults born preterm
Creators: name: Alenius, Suvi
name: Kajantie, Eero
name: Sund, Reijo
name: Nurhonen, Markku
name: Haaramo, Peija
name: Näsänen-Gilmore, Pieta
name: Lemola, Sakari
name: Räikkönen, Katri
name: Schnitzlein, Daniel D.
name: Wolke, Dieter
name: Gissler, Mika
name: Hovi, Petteri
Publisher: name: London] : Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik

description: The original version of this Article contained an error in Figures 2, 3, 4 and 5, where the legend for the visual cues incorrectly states ‘Model 2’ for the black square. The correct legends now read: (Figure presented.) The original Figures 2, 3, 4 and 5 and their respective accompanying legend appear below. The original Article has been corrected.
Up-Net: a generic deep learning-based time stepper for parameterized spatio-temporal dynamics
Creators: name: Stender, Merten
name: Ohlsen, Jakob
name: Geisler, Hendrik
name: Chabchoub, Amin
name: Hoffmann, Norbert
name: Schlaefer, Alexander
Publisher: name: Berlin ; Heidelberg : Springer
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine learning
subject: Partial differential equations
subject: Representation learning
subject: Sensor data fusion
subject: Time integration
subject: Wave propagation
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::000 | Allgemeines, Wissenschaft::000 | Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::004 | Informatik

description: In the age of big data availability, data-driven techniques have been proposed recently to compute the time evolution of spatio-temporal dynamics. Depending on the required a priori knowledge about the underlying processes, a spectrum of black-box end-to-end learning approaches, physics-informed neural networks, and data-informed discrepancy modeling approaches can be identified. In this work, we propose a purely data-driven approach that uses fully convolutional neural networks to learn spatio-temporal dynamics directly from parameterized datasets of linear spatio-temporal processes. The parameterization allows for data fusion of field quantities, domain shapes, and boundary conditions in the proposed Up-Net architecture. Multi-domain Up-Net models, therefore, can generalize to different scenes, initial conditions, domain shapes, and domain sizes without requiring re-training or physical priors. Numerical experiments conducted on a universal and two-dimensional wave equation and the transient heat equation for validation purposes show that the proposed Up-Net outperforms classical U-Net and conventional encoder–decoder architectures of the same complexity. Owing to the scene parameterization, the Up-Net models learn to predict refraction and reflections arising from domain inhomogeneities and boundaries. Generalization properties of the model outside the physical training parameter distributions and for unseen domain shapes are analyzed. The deep learning flow map models are employed for long-term predictions in a recursive time-stepping scheme, indicating the potential for data-driven forecasting tasks. This work is accompanied by an open-sourced code.
Detached, wetted strawberries take up substantial water in the calyx region
Creators: name: Hurtado, Grecia
name: Knoche, Moritz
Publisher: name: [London] : Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biological Transport
subject: Flowers
subject: Fragaria
subject: Fruit
subject: Osmosis
subject: Water
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik

description: In strawberry, surface disorders like ‘water soaking’, ‘cracking’ and ‘shrivel’ impair fruit quality of this high value crop. Water movement through the fruit surface is implicated a role in these disorders. The objective was to identify the pathways of water uptake and water loss (transpiration) and to identify factors affecting these flows. Water movement was quantified gravimetrically in detached fruit. Cumulative transpiration and uptake increased linearly with time. During ripening, fruit osmotic potential and water potential became slightly more negative. Rates of transpiration and water uptake and their corresponding permeances were constant during early ripening but increased as the fruit turned red. The permeance for osmotic water uptake was more than 10-times that for transpiration. Sealing selected regions of the fruit surface with silicone rubber allowed identification of the petal and staminal abscission zones in the calyx region and cuticular microcracks of the calyx region and receptacle as high flux pathways particularly for water uptake (osmotic). These results were confirmed by acridine orange infiltration and fluorescence microscopy. Increasing the relative humidity (RH) decreased the rate of transpiration, while increasing temperature increased both transpiration and water uptake. There was no effect of storing fruit (2 °C, ~ 80% RH) for up to 10 days. Our results identify petal and staminal abscission zones and cuticular microcracks as high flux pathways for water uptake.
Cooling and Crack Suppression of Bone Material Drilling Based on Microtextured Bit Modeled on Dung Beetle
Creators: name: Lian, Yunsong
name: Chen, Xiande
name: Xie, Chaoping
name: Long, Yangyang
name: Lin, Fengtian
name: Zhou, Wei
name: Chu, Xuyang
Publisher: name: Beijing : China Machine Press
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Acoustic emission
subject: Bionic drill
subject: Bone material cutting
subject: Laser processing
subject: Thermal imaging camera
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: In recent years, the number of patients with orthopedic diseases such as cervical spondylosis has increased, resulting in an increase in the demand for orthopedic surgery. However, thermal necrosis and bone cracks caused by surgery severely restrict the development and progression of orthopedic surgery. For the material of cutting tool processing bone in bone surgery of drilling high temperature lead to cell death, easy to produce the problem such as crack cause secondary damage effects to restore, in this paper, a bionic drill was designed based on the micro-structure of the dung beetle’s head and back. The microstructure configuration parameters were optimized by numerical analysis, and making use of the optical fiber laser marking machine preparation of bionic bit; through drilling test, the mathematical model of drilling temperature and crack generation based on micro-structure characteristic parameters was established by infrared thermal imaging technology and acoustic emission signal technology, and the cooling mechanism and crack suppression strategy were studied. The experimental results show that when the speed is 60 m/min, the cooling effects of the bionic bit T1 and T2 are 15.31% and 19.78%, respectively, and both kinds of bits show obvious crack suppression effect. The research in this paper provides a new idea for precision and efficient machining of bone materials, and the research results will help to improve the design and manufacturing technology and theoretical research level in the field of bone drilling tools.
Too much regularity may force too much uniqueness
Creators: name: Stynes, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35R11 (Primary), 35B65 (Secondary)

description: Time-dependent fractional-derivative problems $D_t^δu + Au = f$ are considered, where $D_t^δ$ is a Caputo fractional derivative of order $δ\in (0,1)\cup (1,2)$ and~$A$ is a classical elliptic operator, and appropriate boundary and initial conditions are applied. The regularity of solutions to this class of problems is discussed, and it is shown that assuming more regularity than is generally true---as many researchers do---places a surprisingly severe restriction on the problem.
Cross-correlation between X-ray and optical/near-infrared background intensity fluctuations
Creators: name: Mitchell-Wynne, Ketron
name: Cooray, Asantha
name: Xue, Yongquan
name: Luo, Bin
name: Brandt, William
name: Koekemoer, Anton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Angular power spectra of optical and infrared background anisotropies at wavelengths between 0.5 to 5 $μ$m are a useful probe of faint sources present during reionization, in addition to faint galaxies and diffuse signals at low redshift. The cross-correlation of these fluctuations with backgrounds at other wavelengths can be used to separate some of these signals. A previous study on the cross-correlation between X-ray and $Spitzer$ fluctuations at 3.6 $μ$m and 4.5 $μ$m has been interpreted as evidence for direct collapse blackholes (DCBHs) present at $z > 12$. Here we return to this cross-correlation and study its wavelength dependence from 0.5 to 4.5 $μ$m using $Hubble$ and $Spitzer$ data in combination with a subset of the 4 Ms $Chandra$ observations in GOODS-S/ECDFS. Our study involves five $Hubble$ bands at 0.6, 0.7, 0.85, 1.25 and 1.6 $μ$m, and two $Spitzer$-IRAC bands at 3.6 $μ$m and 4.5 $μ$m. We confirm the previously seen cross-correlation between 3.6 $μ$m (4.5 $μ$m) and X-rays with 3.7$σ$ (4.2$σ$) and 2.7$σ$ (3.7$σ$) detections in the soft [0.5-2] keV and hard [2-8] keV X-ray bands, respectively, at angular scales above 20 arcseconds. The cross-correlation of X-rays with $Hubble$ is largely anticorrelated, ranging between the levels of 1.4$-$3.5$σ$ for all the $Hubble$ and X-ray bands. This lack of correlation in the shorter optical/NIR bands implies the sources responsible for the cosmic infrared background at 3.6 and 4.5~$μ$m are at least partly dissimilar to those at 1.6 $μ$m and shorter.
description: Accepted to ApJ
Scaling Up of Steric Exclusion Membrane Chromatography for Lentiviral Vector Purification
Creators: name: Labisch, Jennifer Julia
name: Paul, Richard
name: Wiese, G. Philip
name: Pflanz, Karl
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: depletion potential
subject: lentiviral vector purification
subject: membrane chromatography
subject: polyethylene glycol
subject: scaling up of membrane modules
subject: steric exclusion chromatography
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: Lentiviral vectors (LVs) are widely used in clinical trials of gene and cell therapy. Low LV stability incentivizes constant development and the improvement of gentle process steps. Steric exclusion chromatography (SXC) has gained interest in the field of virus purification but scaling up has not yet been addressed. In this study, the scaling up of lentiviral vector purification by SXC with membrane modules was approached. Visualization of the LVs captured on the membrane during SXC showed predominant usage of the upper membrane layer. Furthermore, testing of different housing geometries showed a strong influence on the uniform usage of the membrane. The main use of the first membrane layer places a completely new requirement on the scaling of the process and the membrane modules. When transferring the SXC process to smaller or larger membrane modules, it became apparent that scaling of the flow rate is a critical factor that must be related to the membrane area of the first layer. Performing SXC at different scales demonstrated that a certain critical minimum surface area-dependent flow rate is necessary to achieve reproducible LV recoveries. With the presented scaling approach, we were able to purify 980 mL LVs with a recovery of 68%.
Tunable Weyl Semi-metal and its Possible Realization in Optical Lattice
Creators: name: Kong, Xiao
name: Liang, Ying
name: Kou, Su-Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weyl semimetal (WSM) is an exotic topological state in condensed matter physics. In this paper, based on a two-band cubic lattice model, we studied WSMs with a pair of tunable Weyl nodes. It is pointed out that there exist three types of WSMs with different tilt strengths: type-I WSM, type-II WSM and type-1.5 WSM. In particular, type-1.5 WSM has one type-I node and one type-II node. We studied chiral modes, surface Fermi arcs and quantum anomalous Hall effect in different types of WSMs. In addition, we give an experimental setup to realize the different types of WSMs based on timely technique.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Balanced factorisations in some algebras
Creators: name: Klyachko, Anton A.
name: Mazhuga, Andrey M.
name: Ponfilenko, Anastasia N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that, in any field of characteristic not two and not three except the five-element field, each element decomposes into a product of four factors whose sum vanishes. We also find all $k,n,q$ such that every $n\times n$ matrix over the $q$-element field decomposes into a product of $k$ commuting matrices whose sum vanishes.
description: 4 pages. A Russian version of this paper is at http://halgebra.math.msu.su/staff/klyachko/papers.htm
8-MW wind turbine tower computational shell buckling benchmark. Part 1: An international ‘round-robin’ exercise
Creators: name: Sadowski, Adam J.
name: Seidel, Marc
name: Al-Lawati, Hussain
name: Azizi, Esmaeil
name: Balscheit, Hagen
name: Böhm, Manuela
name: Chen, Lei
name: Van Dijk, Ingmar
name: Doerich-Stavridis, Cornelia
name: Fajuyitan, Oluwole Kunle
name: Filippidis, Achilleas
name: Fischer, Astrid Winther
name: Fischer, Claas
name: Gerasimidis, Simos
name: Karampour, Hassan
name: Kathirkamanathan, Lijithan
name: Marten, Frithjof
name: Mihara, Yasuko
name: Mishra, Shashank
name: Sakharov, Volodymyr
name: Shahini, Amela
name: Subramanian, Saravanan
name: Topkaya, Cem
name: Wagner, Heinz Norbert Ronald
name: Wang, Jianze
name: Wang, Jie
name: Yadav, Kshitij Kumar
name: Yun, Xiang
name: Zhang, Pan
Publisher: name: Oxford [u.a.] : Elsevier Science
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Buckling
subject: EN 1993-1-6
subject: Finite element analysis
subject: GMNIA
subject: LBA-MNA
subject: Plastic collapse
subject: Reference Resistance Design
subject: Round-robin
subject: Wind turbine support tower
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik

description: An assessment of the elastic-plastic buckling limit state for multi-strake wind turbine support towers poses a particular challenge for the modern finite element analyst, who must competently navigate numerous modelling choices related to the tug-of-war between meshing and computational cost, the use of solvers that are robust to highly nonlinear behaviour, the potential for multiple near-simultaneously critical failure locations, the complex issue of imperfection sensitivity and finally the interpretation of the data into a safe and economic design. This paper reports on an international ‘round-robin’ exercise conducted in 2022 aiming to take stock of the computational shell buckling expertise around the world which attracted 29 submissions. Participants were asked to perform analyses of increasing complexity on a standardised benchmark of an 8-MW multi-strake steel wind turbine support tower segment, from a linear elastic stress analysis to a linear bifurcation analysis to a geometrically and materially nonlinear buckling analysis with imperfections. The results are a showcase of the significant shell buckling expertise now available in both industry and academia. This paper is the first of a pair. The second paper presents a detailed reference solution to the benchmark, including an illustration of the Eurocode-compliant calibration of two important imperfection forms.
Detection of 135Cs & 137Cs in environmental samples by AMS
Creators: name: Wieser, Alexander
name: Lachner, Johannes
name: Martschini, Martin
name: Zok, Dorian
name: Priller, Alfred
name: Steier, Peter
name: Golser, Robin
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 135 Cs
subject: 137 Cs
subject: Accelerator mass spectrometry
subject: ILIAMS
subject: Ion cooler
subject: Laser photodetachment
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: The detection of low abundances of 135Cs in environmental samples is of significant interest in different fields of environmental sciences, especially in combination with its shorter-lived sister isotope 137Cs. The method of Ion–Laser InterAction Mass Spectrometry (ILIAMS) for barium separation at the Vienna Environmental Research Accelerator (VERA) was investigated and further improved for low abundance cesium detection. The difluorides BaF2- and CsF2- differ in their electron detachment energies and make isobar suppression with ILIAMS by more than 7 orders of magnitude possible. By this method, samples with ratios down to the order of 135,137Cs/133Cs ˜10-11 are measurable and the 135Cs/137Cs ratios of first environmental samples were determined by AMS.
Dissipationless conductance in a topological coaxial cable
Creators: name: Schuster, Thomas
name: Iadecola, Thomas
name: Chamon, Claudio
name: Jackiw, Roman
name: Pi, So-Young
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a dynamical mechanism leading to dissipationless conductance, whose quantized value is controllable, in a (3+1)-dimensional electronic system. The mechanism is exemplified by a theory of Weyl fermions coupled to a Higgs field--also known as an axion insulator. We show that the insertion of an axial gauge flux can induce vortex lines in the Higgs field, similarly to the development of vortices in a superconductor upon the insertion of magnetic flux. We further show that the necessary axial gauge flux can be generated using Rashba spin-orbit coupling or a magnetic field. Vortex lines in the Higgs field are known to bind chiral fermionic modes, each of which serves as a one-way channel for electric charge with conductance $e^2/h$. Combining these elements, we present a physical picture, the "topological coaxial cable," illustrating how the value of the quantized conductance could be controlled in such an axion insulator.
description: 4+2 pages, 2 figures
Closed-form expression for the magnetic shielding constant of the relativistic hydrogenlike atom in an arbitrary discrete energy eigenstate: Application of the Sturmian expansion of the generalized Dirac-Coulomb Green function
Creators: name: Stefańska, Patrycja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present analytical derivation of the closed-form expression for the dipole magnetic shielding constant of a Dirac one-electron atom being in an arbitrary discrete energy eigenstate. The external magnetic field, by which the atomic state is perturbed, is assumed to be weak, uniform and time independent. With respect to the atomic nucleus we assume that it is pointlike, spinless, motionless and of charge Ze. Calculations are based on the Sturmian expansion of the generalized Dirac- Coulomb Green function [R. Szmytkowski, J. Phys. B 30, 825 (1997); erratum 30, 2747 (1997)], combined with the theory of hypergeometric functions. The final result is of an elementary form and agrees with corresponding formulas obtained earlier by other authors for some particular states of the atom.
Technology roadmap for cold-atoms based quantum inertial sensor in space
Creators: name: Abend, Sven
name: Allard, Baptiste
name: Arnold, Aidan S.
name: Ban, Ticijana
name: Barry, Liam
name: Battelier, Baptiste
name: Bawamia, Ahmad
name: Beaufils, Quentin
name: Bernon, Simon
name: Bertoldi, Andrea
name: Bonnin, Alexis
name: Bouyer, Philippe
name: Bresson, Alexandre
name: Burrow, Oliver S.
name: Canuel, Benjamin
name: Desruelle, Bruno
name: Drougakis, Giannis
name: Forsberg, René
name: Gaaloul, Naceur
name: Gauguet, Alexandre
name: Gersemann, Matthias
name: Griffin, Paul F.
name: Heine, Hendrik
name: Henderson, Victoria A.
name: Herr, Waldemar
name: Kanthak, Simon
name: Krutzik, Markus
name: Lachmann, Maike D.
name: Lammegger, Roland
name: Magnes, Werner
name: Mileti, Gaetano
name: Mitchell, Morgan W.
name: Mottini, Sergio
name: Papazoglou, Dimitris
name: Pereira Dos Santos, Franck
name: Peters, Achim
name: Rasel, Ernst
name: Riis, Erling
name: Schubert, Christian
name: Seidel, Stephan Tobias
name: Tino, Guglielmo M.
name: Van Den Bossche, Mathias
name: Von Klitzing, Wolf
name: Wicht, Andreas
name: Witkowski, Marcin
name: Zahzam, Nassim
name: Zawada, Michał
Publisher: name: [Melville, NY] : AIP Publishing
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Recent developments in quantum technology have resulted in a new generation of sensors for measuring inertial quantities, such as acceleration and rotation. These sensors can exhibit unprecedented sensitivity and accuracy when operated in space, where the free-fall interrogation time can be extended at will and where the environment noise is minimal. European laboratories have played a leading role in this field by developing concepts and tools to operate these quantum sensors in relevant environment, such as parabolic flights, free-fall towers, or sounding rockets. With the recent achievement of Bose-Einstein condensation on the International Space Station, the challenge is now to reach a technology readiness level sufficiently high at both component and system levels to provide "off the shelf"payload for future generations of space missions in geodesy or fundamental physics. In this roadmap, we provide an extensive review on the status of all common parts, needs, and subsystems for the application of atom-based interferometers in space, in order to push for the development of generic technology components.
Search strategies-Side effects of typical antipsychotics. A systematic review.pdf
Creators: name: Torres González, David Antoine
name: Chamorro, Doménica
name: Carrillo, Michelle
name: Ordóñez Larrea, Mayerly Beatríz
name: León Alcívar, Sara Denisse
name: IÑIGUEZ CHALPARIZAN, MAYRA SELENA
name: Naranjo García, Justin Mateo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 320221
subject: Psychiatry (incl. psychotherapy)

description: Typical antipsychotics, also known as first-generation antipsychotics, constitute a widely used class of medications in the treatment of psychotic disorders, such as schizophrenia. These drugs have been studied and applied for decades, and their effectiveness in relieving psychotic symptoms, such as hallucinations and delusions, has been extensively documented.The mechanism of action of typical antipsychotics lies in their ability to block dopamine receptors in the brain. Dopamine is a key neurotransmitter in the regulation of various neuronal functions and plays a central role in the manifestation of psychotic symptoms. By selectively interfering with dopamine receptors, these medications reduce dopaminergic activity in specific regions of the brain, which helps control the symptoms of psychosis.While typical antipsychotics have demonstrated their efficacy in treating psychotic symptoms, it is important to recognize that their use may also be associated with undesirable side effects. Common adverse effects include sedation, dizziness, dry mouth, and movement disorders such as tremors or muscle stiffness.
Tailored disorder and anisotropic scattering in photonic nanostructures
Creators: name: Varytis, Paraschos
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: planaren Spektrometern
subject: Mie und Mehrfach-Streutheorie
subject: volldielektrischen magnetooptischen formveränderten Metaoberflächen
subject: dielektrische Verbundnanopartikel mit einer plasmonischer Ummantelung
subject: Faraday-Rotation
subject: planar spectrometers
subject: composite dielectric nanoparticles with plasmonic shell
subject: Mie and multiple scattering theory
subject: Galerkin time-domain method
subject: 535 Licht und verwandte Strahlung
subject: UP 8000
subject: UP 4600

description: In dieser Arbeit untersuchen wir das optische Antwortverhalten von planaren Spektrometern basierend auf ungeordneten Streuzentren, dielektrischen Verbundnanopartikeln mit einer plasmonischer Ummantelung, sowie volldielektrischen magnetooptischen formveränderten Metaoberflächen. Dafür benutzen wir sowohl Mie und Mehrfach-Streutheorie als auch ein unstetiges Galerkin Zeitraumverfahren basierend auf finiten Elementen zur numerischen Berechnung der elektromagnetischen Felder. Wir stellen insbesondere eine theoretische Designstudie vor, um ungeordnete Spektrometer mit hoher spektraler Auflösung zu erhalten. Darüber hinaus geben wir eine alternative Strategie an, um durch Untersuchung der optischen Eigenschaften von Verbundnanopartikeln eine Erhöhung der bevorzugten Rückstreuung zu erreichen. Zum Schluss präsentieren wir eine Erhöhung der Faraday-Rotation bei gleichzeitig hoher Transmission von volldielektrischen magnetooptischen Metaoberflächen, welche aus formangepassten Nanodisks bestehen.
description: In this thesis, we study the optical response of planar spectrometers based on disorder scatterers, composite dielectric nanoparticles with plasmonic shell, and all-dielectric magneto-optical shape-modified metasurfaces. Therefore, we employ both Mie and multiple scattering theory as well as a discontinuous Galerkin time-domain method based on finite elements for the numerical computation of the electromagnetic fields. Specifically, we present a theoretical design study for obtaining random spectrometers with high spectral resolution. Furthermore, we provide an alternative strategy to achieve preferentially high backscattering by studying the optical properties of composite nanoparticles. Finally, we present enhanced Faraday rotation along with high transmittance in all-dielectric magneto-optical metasurfaces composed of shape-modified nanodisks.
$BF$ gravity
Creators: name: Celada, Mariano
name: González, Diego
name: Montesinos, Merced
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: $BF$ gravity comprises all the formulations of gravity that are based on deformations of $BF$ theory. Such deformations consist of either constraints or potential terms added to the topological $BF$ action that turn some of the gauge degrees of freedom into physical ones, particularly giving rise to general relativity. The $BF$ formulations have provided new and deep insights into many classical and quantum aspects of the gravitational field, setting the foundations for the approach to quantum gravity known as spinfoam models. In this review, we present a self-contained and unified treatment of the $BF$ formulations of $D$-dimensional general relativity and other related models, focusing on the classical aspects of them and including some new results.
description: 54 pages, Topical Review, matches the published version in Classical and Quantum Gravity
Formation of Massive Black Holes in Galactic Nuclei: Runaway Tidal Encounters
Creators: name: Stone, Nicholas C.
name: Kuepper, Andreas H. W.
name: Ostriker, Jeremiah P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nuclear star clusters (NSCs) and supermassive black holes (SMBHs) both inhabit galactic nuclei, coexisting in a range of bulge masses, but excluding each other in the largest or smallest galaxies. We propose that the transformation of NSCs into SMBHs occurs via runaway tidal captures, once NSCs exceed a certain critical central density and velocity dispersion. The bottleneck in this process, as with all collisional runaways, is growing the first e-fold in black hole mass. The growth of a stellar mass black hole past this bottleneck occurs as tidally captured stars are consumed in repeated episodes of mass transfer at pericenter. Tidal captures may turn off as a growth channel once the black hole reaches a mass ~100-1000 solar masses, but tidal disruption events will continue and appear capable of growing the seed SMBH to larger sizes. The runaway slows (becomes sub-exponential) once the seed SMBH consumes the core of its host NSC. While the bulk of the cosmic mass density in SMBHs is ultimately produced (via the Soltan-Paczynski argument) by episodic gaseous accretion in very massive galaxies, the smallest SMBHs have probably grown from strong tidal encounters with NSC stars. SMBH seeds that grow for a time $t$ entirely through this channel will follow simple power law relations with the velocity dispersion, $σ$, of their host galaxy. In the simplest regime it is $M_\bullet \sim σ^{3/2}\sqrt{M_\star t / G} \sim 10^{6}M_\odot (σ/ 50~{\rm km~s}^{-1})^{3/2}(t/10^{10}~{\rm yr})^{1/2}$, but the exponents and prefactor can differ slightly depending on the details of loss cone refilling. Current tidal disruption event rates predicted from this mechanism are consistent with observations.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures, comments welcome
Ultra-low material pixel layers for the Mu3e experiment
Creators: name: Berger, N.
name: Dittmeier, S.
name: Henkelmann, L.
name: Herkert, A.
name: Aeschbacher, F. Meier
name: Ng, Y. W.
name: Noehte, L. O. S.
name: Schöning, A.
name: Wiedner, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The upcoming Mu3e experiment will search for the charged lepton flavour violating decay of a muon at rest into three electrons. The maximal energy of the electrons is 53 MeV, hence a low material budget is a key performance requirement for the tracking detector. In this paper we summarize our approach to meet the requirement of about 0.1 % of a radiation length per pixel detector layer. This includes the choice of thinned active monolithic pixel sensors in HV-CMOS technology, ultra-thin flexible printed circuits, and helium gas cooling.
Estimating strong correlations in optical lattices
Creators: name: Gertis, J.
name: Friesdorf, M.
name: Riofrio, C. A.
name: Eisert, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultra-cold atoms in optical lattices provide one of the most promising platforms for analog quantum simulations of complex quantum many-body systems. Large-size systems can now routinely be reached and are already used to probe a large variety of different physical situations, ranging from quantum phase transitions to artificial gauge theories. At the same time, measurement techniques are still limited and full tomography for these systems seems out of reach. Motivated by this observation, we present a method to directly detect and quantify to what extent a quantum state deviates from a local Gaussian description, based on available noise correlation measurements from in-situ and time-of-flight measurements. This is an indicator of the significance of strong correlations in ground and thermal states, as Gaussian states are precisely the ground and thermal states of non-interacting models. We connect our findings, augmented by numerical tensor network simulations, to notions of equilibration, disordered systems and the suppression of transport in Anderson insulators.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures