cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On fully characterizing terrain visibility graphs
Creators: name: Saeedi Bidokhti, Noushin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: A terrain is an x-monotone polygonal line in the xy-plane. Two vertices of a terrain are mutually visible if and only if they are adjacent or the line segment that connects them lies above the terrain (except at its endpoints). A graph whose vertices represent terrain vertices and whose edges represent mutually visible pairs of terrain vertices is called a terrain visibility graph. Understanding the graph theoretic properties of all terrain visibility graphs may help us understand the combinatorial structure of these geometric objects and help to address problems related to geometric visibility. The properties that are true of all terrain visibility graphs are called necessary properties. The set of properties that, if true, imply that a graph is a terrain visibility graph is called a sufficient set. We would like to find properties that are both necessary and sufficient; that is, we would like to characterize, graph theoretically, terrain visibility graphs. Abello et al. [Discrete and Computational Geometry,14(3):331–358,1995] studied the core induced subgraphs of the visibility graphs of staircase polygons, which are exactly the class of terrain visibility graphs. They showed that the visibility between vertices in such structures implies some ordering requirements on the slopes of the lines that connect pairs of vertices in any realization. They approached the problem of whether certain graph properties are sufficient by creating a slope order on the lines that connect all pairs of polygon vertices (in a possible realization) such that the slope order is consistent with the desired visibility graph. The main contribution of our work is to give a much simpler proof that these properties guarantee such a slope ordering. Our proof consequently gives a faster algorithm for constructing this slope order. Our approach attempts to clarify the implications of the graph theoretic properties on the ordering of the slopes, and may be interpreted as defining properties on an underlying oriented matroid.
title: Pecanac, Kosta
title: Pecanac, Kosta
Creators: name: Tasić, Dmitar
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Pećanac, Kosta
subject: Pećanac, Kosta, 1879-1944

description: Kosta Pecanac was a prominent ''chetnik'' leader before the Great War and one of the leaders of the Toplica uprising against the Bulgarian and Austro-Hungarian occupation of Serbia in 1917. Between the First and Second World Wars Pecanac led the paramilitary ''chetnik'' veteran society. During World War Two his movement closely cooperated with General Milan Nedic’s Serbian ''quisling'' regime and with the German occupation regime. He was assassinated in 1944.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Thwarting the Photon Number Splitting Attack with Entanglement Enhanced BB84 Quantum Key Distribution
Creators: name: Sabottke, Carl F.
name: Richardson, Chris D.
name: Anisimov, Petr M.
name: Yurtsever, Ulvi
name: Lamas-Linares, Antia
name: Dowling, Jonathan P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop an improvement to the weak laser pulse BB84 scheme for quantum key distribution, which utilizes entanglement to improve the security of the scheme and enhance its resilience to the photon-number-splitting attack. This protocol relies on the non-commutation of photon phase and number to detect an eavesdropper performing quantum non-demolition measurement on number. The potential advantages and disadvantages of this scheme are compared to the coherent decoy state protocol.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
title: Müller, Lauro
title: Müller, Lauro
Creators: name: Schurster, Karl
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Müller, Lauro, 1863-1926
subject: Müller, Lauro, 1863-1926

description: Lauro Müller was the Brazilian minister of foreign affairs between 1912 and 1917. A pro-German politician and intellectual, he was heavily criticised during World War I by the Brazilian press and pro-United States intellectuals. Brazil maintained neutrality in the war until Müller left the Ministry of Foreign Affairs on 3 May 1917.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
title: Kornilov, Lavr Georgievich
title: Kornilov, Lavr Georgievich
Creators: name: Peeling, Siobhan
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Kornilov, Lavr G.
subject: Kornilov, Lavr Georgievich, 1870-1918

description: Kornilov rose rapidly in the Russian army during the First World War, becoming Commander-in-Chief in July 1917. In August, he sent troops into Petrograd, demanding all military and civil authority be placed in his hands. Kornilov’s forces were repelled by armed workers, garrison soldiers, and socialist agitators, facilitating Bolshevik revolution in October.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Identifying similarities and differences across English and Arabic news
Creators: name: McKeown, Kathleen
name: Evans, David Kirk
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Information technology
Computer science

description: We present a new approach for summarizing topically clustered documents from two sources, English and machine translated Arabic texts, that presents users with an overview of the differences in content of the two sources, and information that is supported by both sources. Our approach to multilingual multi-document summarization clusters all input document sentences, and identifies sentence clusters that contain information exclusive to the Arabic documents, information exclusive to the English documents, and information that is similar between the two. The result is a three-part summary describing information about the event that comes exclusively from Arabic sources, information coming exclusively from English sources, and information that both sources consider important, enabling analysts to more quickly understand differences between incoming documents from different sources. We report on a user evaluation of the summaries.
Generierung monoklonaler Antikörper gegen das Protein CLN6
Creators: name: Cramer, Thomas
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Neuronale Ceroid Lipofuszinosen NCL/CLN sind neurodegenerative Erberkrankungen im Kindes- und Jugendalter, welche durch Mutationen in CLN-Proteinen ausgelöst werden. Die Funktionen der meisten CLN-Proteine sind unbekannt. Das ER- Membranprotein CLN6- ist als ein Auslöser der juvenilen NCL identifiziert worden und es wird eine Beteiligung bei Wachstumsvorgängen im Dorsal Root Ganglion, eine Funktion bei der Mikrotubuliausprägung oder des intrazellulären Transports diskutiert. Für diese Arbeit wurden spezifische monoklonale Anti-CLN6-Antikörper generiert. Milzzellen immunisierter Mäuse und Myelomzellen wurden zu Hybridomen fusioniert und 4 Antikörperproduzierende Klone wurden isoliert. Die Antikörper detektierten rekombinantes CLN6. In der Immunfluoreszenz konnte mit einer Mamma-Ca-Zelllinie die Kolokalisation von CLN6 und der ERspezifischen Protein-Disulfid-Isomerase nachgewiesen werden. In der Immunhistologie wurde CLN6 auf Proteinebene in sekretorischen Zellen des Magen-Corpus und in humanem Mamma-, Leber-, Nieren- und Skelettmuskel-Gewebe angefärbt.
description: Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinoses NCL /CLN are neurodegenerative hereditary disorders of children and adolescents caused by mutations in CLN proteins. The functions of most CLN proteins are unknown. The ER membrane protein CLN6 has been identified as a cause of juvenile NCL and its involvement in growth processes in the Dorsal Root Ganglion, and a function in microtubule expression and intracellular transport is discussed. Specific monoclonal anti-CLN6 antibodies were generated for this work. Spleen cells from immunized mice and myeloma cells were fused to hybridomas and 4 antibody-producing clones were isolated. The antibodies detected recombinant CLN6. In immunofluorescence, the colocalization of CLN6 and the ER-specific Protein Disulfide Isomerase could be detected in a breast cancer cell line. In immunohistology, CLN6 was stained at the protein level in secretory cells of the gastric corpus and in human mammary, liver, kidney and skeletal muscle tissues.
An Ultra-Low Noise Telecom Wavelength Free Running Single Photon Detector Using Negative Feedback Avalanche Diode
Creators: name: Yan, Zhizhong
name: Hamel, Deny R.
name: Heinrichs, Aimee K.
name: Jiang, Xudong
name: Itzler, Mark A.
name: Jennewein, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is challenging to implement genuine free running single photon detectors for the 1550 nm wavelength range with simultaneously high detection efficiency (DE), low dark noise, and good time resolution. We report a novel read out system for the signals from a negative feedback avalanche diode (NFAD) which allows useful operation of these devices at a temperature of 193 K and results in very low dark counts (~100 CPS), good time jitter (~30 ps), and good DE (~10%). We characterized two NFADs with a time correlation method using photons generated from weak coherent pulses (WCP) and photon pairs produced by spontaneous parametric down conversion (SPDC). The inferred detector efficiencies for both types of photon sources agree with each other. The best noise equivalent power of the device is estimated to be 8.1 x 10^(-18) W Hz^(-1/2), more than 10 times better than typical InP/InGaAs SPADs show in free running mode. The afterpulsing probability was found to be less than 0.1% per ns at the optimized operating point. In addition, we studied the performance of an entanglement-based quantum key distribution (QKD) using these detectors and develop a model for the quantum bit error rate (QBER) that incorporates the afterpulsing coefficients. We verified experimentally that using these NFADs it is feasible to implement QKD over 400 km of telecom fibre. Our NFAD photon detector system is very simple, and is well suited for single-photon applications where ultra-low noise and free-running operation is required, and some afterpulsing can be tolerated.
description: 28 pages, 16 figures, and 1 table
title: Marie Adelheid, Grand-Duchess of Luxembourg
title: Marie Adelheid, Grand-Duchess of Luxembourg
Creators: name: Weber, Josiane
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Marie Adelheid [Luxemburg, Großherzogin]

description: Marie Adelheid reigned from 1912 to 1919 as the Grand-Duchess of Luxembourg. Because of her friendly attitude towards the German occupying forces during World War I, the Luxembourgers and Allies accused her of sympathizing with the Germans. Failing to overcome domestic political opposition, she abdicated after the war.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
title: Makhno, Nestor Ivanovich
title: Makhno, Nestor Ivanovich
Creators: name: Gilley, Christopher
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Machno, Nestor I.
subject: Makhno, Nestor Ivanovich, 1889-1934

description: Nestor Makhno was a commander of peasant insurgents who fought the Bolsheviks, Whites and Ukrainian nationalists in the South East of present-day Ukraine. His espousal of anarchism has won him supporters among many Western anarchists, but some historians have questioned how far he should be understood as an anarchist leader.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Hunter self-monitoring and wildlife governance in an industrial forestry concession in the Republic of Congo : context, behaviour change, and wildlife monitoring
Creators: name: Marrocoli, Sergio
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 572

description: Die Jagd auf Wildtiere ist im Kongobecken weit verbreitet. Sie stellt einen wichtigen Bestandteil der Ernährung und des Lebensunterhalts in ländlichen Gebieten dar, ist jedoch nicht nachhaltig. In dieser Arbeit werden verschiedene Aspekte der Jagd in einer industriellen Forstkonzession im Kongo untersucht. Durch die Analyse sozialer Netzwerke wird untersucht welche Akteure an der Verwaltung von Wild beteiligt sind. Ein verhaltensökonomisches Experiment gibt Aufschluss darüber ob Selbstüberwachung zu einer nachhaltigeren Ressourcennutzung führen kann. Ein Vergleich von Indikatoren aus Aufzeichnungen von Jagdausflügen und Fallen mit einer Kamerafallenerhebung zeigt, das diese mit Jagddruck korrelieren und auf den Rückgang großer, von der Jagd gefährdeter Arten reagieren. Jäger sind von der Bewirtschaftung von Wild ausgeschlossen. Ihre Integration könnte für das Wildtiermanagement von Nutzen sein, indem sie das Verhalten nachhaltiger macht und wichtige Daten über Populationen liefert.
description: The hunting of wild animals is widespread in the Congo basin. It is an important component of food and livelihood in rural areas, but is not sustainable. In this thesis, different aspects of hunting in an industrial forest concession in Congo are investigated. Using Social Network Analysis, we investigate who is involved in the governance of wildlife, how, and why. Using a behavioural economics experiment, we test whether self-monitoring can lead to a more sustainable use of resources. A comparison of indicators calculated from hunting trips, snare trapping and a camera trapping survey shows that they are correlated between methods and with hunting pressure, and that they respond to the decline of large species threatened by hunting. Hunters are excluded from managing the resource they exploit. Their integration could be beneficial for managing wildlife, by making behaviour more sustainable and providing important data on populations.
Climate Change and the Public's Health: The Coming Crisis for the U.S. Gulf Coast
Creators: name: Redlener, Irwin E.
name: Culp, Derrin
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Public health
Public health--Environmental aspects
Climatic changes
Climate change mitigation
Climatic changes--Health aspects

description: This paper reviews the scientific consensus as to how climate change will affect human health on a global scale and describes the limited, emerging research findings concerning climate change health impacts along the U.S. Gulf Coast. Through myriad pathways, climate change is likely to make the Gulf Coast less hospitable and more dangerous for Americans, and may prompt substantial migration from and into the region. The paper also summarizes the primary prescriptions and adaptations found in the public health literature for meeting climate change‘s threats to human health, along with several recent findings that America‘s state and local public health agencies recognize the approaching problems but lack the resources to make climate change preparedness, education, needs assessment or adaptation high priorities. It also should be noted that several factors besides climate change are converging to exacerbate the fragility of this region, including coastal erosion and subsidence and the ongoing threat of energy infrastructure failure (such as the Deepwater Horizon oil spill catastrophe). This paper provides a comprehensive survey of current U.S. federal government activities—as yet uncoordinated and inadequately funded—to elucidate the public health implications of climate change and to help all levels of government create the tools and institutional structures necessary to adapt to the coming crisis. Finally, it considers pending legislation and executive branch actions to jump start public health adaptation to climate change.
SNbR : Social Networks-based Forwarding in Delay Tolerant Networks
Creators: name: Nguyen, Nguyet Minh
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Recently, Web 2.0 has become very popular with the appearance of many social networks web sites such as Facebook, Google+, YouTube, Flickr, etc., which allow users to create and share contents. Besides Web 2.0, mobile networks have also become more popular than ever with the increasing popularity and diversity of mobile devices. Users of mobile devices also have the desire to connect and share their own contents everywhere and at any time. Supporting communications in mobile networks becomes an interesting research area which has attracted much attention of the research community in recent years. In the direction of investigating the application of social networks in supporting the communications in delay tolerant networks which are formed among mobile devices, in this thesis we propose a novel message forwarding method, called Social Networks-based Forwarding (SNbR), in DTNs which utilizes social networks among mobile users and the context of node relationships to facilitate the communications between mobile devices. Simulations in the scenario of a city with the working day movement model have shown that our proposed method achieves a better performance in terms of delivery ratio against delivery cost compared to many previous methods.
Additional file 1 of Dose and engagement during an extended contact physical activity and dietary behavior change intervention delivered via tailored text messaging: exploring relationships with behavioral outcomes
Creators: name: Fjeldsoe, Brianna S
name: Goode, Ana D
name: Job, Jennifer
name: Eakin, Elizabeth G
name: Spilsbury, Kate L
name: Winkler, Elisabeth
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1:
Integrative research on the family Chaetosphaeriaceae
Creators: name: Čmoková, Adéla
name: Réblová, Martina
name: Flieger, Miroslav
name: Stadler, Marc
name: Cheng, Tian
name: Chepkirui, Clara
name: Sklenář, František
name: Kuzma, Marek
name: Semrád, Jaroslav
name: Černý, Jan
name: Stodůlková, Eva
name: Císařová, Ivana
name: Kalinowski, Jörn
name: Kolařík, Miroslav
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: fungi, secondary metabolites, biological activity, biogeography, genomics, taxonomy

description: Adéla Čmoková´s poster at Westerdijk Spring Symposium: Rise of the Fungi, 17.4. 2023 in Amsterdam
Multi-physics simulations using a hierarchical interchangeable software interface
Creators: name: Zwart, Simon Portegies
name: McMillan, Steve
name: van Elteren, Arjen
name: Pelupessy, Inti
name: de Vries, Nathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a general-purpose framework for interconnecting scientific simulation programs using a homogeneous, unified interface. Our framework is intrinsically parallel, and conveniently separates all component numerical modules in memory. This strict separation allows automatic unit conversion, distributed execution of modules on different cores within a cluster or grid, and orderly recovery from errors. The framework can be efficiently implemented and incurs an acceptable overhead. In practice, we measure the time spent in the framework to be less than 1% of the wall-clock time. Due to the unified structure of the interface, incorporating multiple modules addressing the same physics in different ways is relatively straightforward. Different modules may be advanced serially or in parallel. Despite initial concerns, we have encountered relatively few problems with this strict separation between modules, and the results of our simulations are consistent with earlier results using more traditional monolithic approaches. This framework provides a platform to combine existing simulation codes or develop new physical solver codes within a rich "ecosystem" of interchangeable modules.
description: 36 pages, 12 figures and source code (accepted for publication in Computer Physics Communications)
SERF is a modifier of amyloid formation
Creators: name: Meinen, Ben Alexander
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 572

description: In einer immer älter werdenden Gesellschaft nimmt die Anzahl der Menschen, die an neurodegenerativen Erkrankungen wie Alzheimer oder Parkinson leiden zu. Bei diesen Erkrankungen formen die amyloid-bildenden Proteine Ab40/42 und a-Synuclein jeweils durch Selbstassoziation unlösliche Amyloidfibrillen. Das kleine, evolutionär hochkonservierte Protein SERF wurde als neuer amyloid-modifizierender Faktor im Modelorganismus C.elegans und in menschlichen Zellen entdeckt. In dieser Arbeit wurde das bisher unbekannte homologe Protein aus S.cerevisiae ScSERF strukturell charakterisiert. ScSERF ist ein intrinsisch ungeordnetes Protein, das den ersten Nukleationsschritt (primary nucleation) der Fibrillenbildung für Ab40 und a-Synuclein beschleunigt. Eine Ansammlung von strukturell verschiedenen dynamischen Proteinkomplexen zwischen ScSERF und Ab40/a-Synuclein konnte während des ersten Nukleationsschritt detektiert werden.
description: The assembly of small disordered proteins into highly ordered amyloid fibrils in Alzheimer’s disease (Ab40/42) and Parkinson’s disease (a-synuclein) patients is closely associated with dementia and neurodegeneration. A small, highly conserved protein called SERF was discovered to modify amyloid formation in C. elegans and humans. The effects of the S. cerevisiae homologue ScSERF on amyloid formation of the amyloid proteins Ab40 and a-synuclein was investigated. The structural characterization revealed ScSERF to be an intrinsically disordered protein. Highly reproducible kinetic amyloid measurements were used to identify that ScSERF affects the rate of primary nucleation in amyloid formation for both amyloid proteins. The data revealed that multiple ScSERF conformations interact with various conformations of monomeric Ab40 and a-synuclein to form structurally diverse, fuzzy complexes. These structural diverse complexes are present during primary nucleation.
"The 2009 Apparition of Methuselah Comet 107P/Wilson-Harrington: A Case of Comet Rejuvenation?"
Creators: name: Ferrín, I.
name: Hamanowa, Hiromi
name: Hamanowa, Hiroko
name: Hernández, J.
name: Sira, E.
name: Sánchez, A.
name: Zhao, H.
name: Miles, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (1) We find that comet 107P/WH was active in 1949, 1979, 1992, 2005, and 2009. (2) Its age can be measured. We find T-AGE=4700 comet years, WB-AGE=7800 cy. (3) This is a methuselah comet very near to its dormancy phase, being temporarily rejuvenated due to a diminution of its perihelion distance. (4) We measured the diameter as Deffe=3.67\pm0.06 km, and the rotational period, Prot=6.093\pm0.002 h. (5) We define the region of the graveyard of comets, and three comets belong to the graveyard: 107P/Wilson-Harrington, 133P/Elst-Pizarro and D/1891W1 Blanpain.
description: - Accepted for publication in Planetary and Space Science, 49 pages, 6 Tables, 18 Figures
title: Baker, Newton D.
title: Baker, Newton D.
Creators: name: Adler, Jessica L.
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Baker, Newton Diel
subject: Baker, Newton Diehl, 1871-1937

description: A lawyer, Progressive, and pacifist, Newton Baker was U.S. Secretary of War during World War I. He oversaw a massive mobilization that relied on a sweeping draft law and cooperation between government officials, business elites, and reformers. Baker’s efforts helped shape the wartime economy and expand the Army’s social mission.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Entwicklung eines Servers zur Analyse, Bewertung und Verfeinerung von Proteinstrukturen
Creators: name: Knorr, Christoph
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 572

description: Die Auswahl der nativ-ähnlichsten Struktur aus einem Ensemble von drei-dimensionalen Protein Modellen erfordert deren gründliche Analyse und Validierung mit Hilfe von verlässlichen Protein Struktur Bewertungen. Deshalb haben wir die Webserver VAProTS (Validation and Analysis of Protein Tertiary Structures), VAProIN (Validation and Analysis of Protein Interaction Networks), VADoc (Validation and Analysis Documentation), VAPara (Validation and Analysis Parameters) und VAStat (Validation and Analysis Statistics) entwickelt die eine Vielzahl von Analyse- und Validierungsprogrammen enthalten. Diese Werkzeuge reichen von Suchen nach D-Aminosäuren und cis-Peptidbindungen, über eine Sekundärstrukturzuweisung bis hin zu geometrischen und energetischen Bewertungen von Proteinstrukturen. Zusätzlich kann eine Interaktionskarte erstellt werden und eine Dokumentation inklusive aller Standard Parameter steht zur Verfügung. Die Webserver sind frei verfügbar unter: vaprots.biochemtech.uni-halle.de
description: A rational choice of the most native-like structure out of an ensemble of three-dimensional protein models requires their careful analysis and validation by reliable protein structure assessment methods. For this purpose, we have developed several web servers named VAProTS (Validation and Analysis of Protein Tertiary Structures), VAProIN (Validation and Analysis of Protein Interaction Networks), VADoc (Validation and Analysis Documentation), VAPara (Validation and Analysis Parameters) and VAStat (Validation and Analysis Statistics) which include different analysis and validation programs. These tools range from simple checks for D-amino acids and cis peptide bonds, over a secondary structure assignment up to geometric and energetic validations of protein structures. Furthermore a comprehensive interaction map can be generated and a broad documentation alongside all standard parameters is given. The web servers are freely available under: vaprots.biochemtech.uni-halle.de
title: Occupation during the War
title: Occupation during the War
Creators: name: Corni, Gustavo
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Besatzung [Militär]
subject: World War, 1914-1918
subject: Military occupation

description: After an initial wave of interest in 1914 and the immediate postwar period, international historiography long neglected the wartime occupation of territories inhabited by large civilian populations. Recently, new research has focused on the populations’ fates and occupation practices. Two interpretive models have been proposed: the first emphasizes the total character of war, involving civilians and combatants equally; the second stresses continuities between Germany and Austria-Hungary’s occupation policies during the First World War with the successive Nazi “New European Order.” However, a wide range of exceptions in the single cases of occupation weakens the validity of general explanatory models.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Therapeutic Efficacy and Safety of Intense Pulsed Light for Meibomian Gland Dysfunction in Patients with Chronic Ocular Graft-Versus-Host Disease
Creators: name: Song, Xi
name: Chen, Ziyan
name: Li, Jing
name: Wu, Shaowen
name: Liang, Lingyi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intense pulsed light combined with meibomian gland expression (IPL-MGX) for treating meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) associated with chronic ocular graft-versus-host disease (oGVHD). This retrospective study included 18 patients (18 eyes) with Fitzpatrick skin type ≤ IV, who underwent 3 to 8 sessions of IPL-MGX. Dry eye symptomology, ocular surface parameters, and adverse events were evaluated.  Of 18 eyes, 83.3% and 66.7% showed severe oGVHD and severe MGD, respectively. At 4 weeks after the final session, significant improvements in the OSDI (P < 0.001), SPEED (P = 0.001), meibum expressibility (P < 0.001), and meibum quality (P = 0.016) were observed. At 12 weeks after, the OSDI (P = 0.009), SPEED (P = 0.002), and meibum expressibility (P = 0.008) significantly improved. No adverse events owing to IPL were reported. IPL-MGX may improve the ocular symptoms, ameliorate meibomian gland secretion, and is considered as a safe treatment for MGD in oGVHD patients.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Conjunctival Rt-Pcr in Sars-Cov-2: A Systematic Review and Diagnostic Accuracy Meta-Analysis
Creators: name: Faubert, A.
name: Bohsina, R.
name: You, E.
name: Hébert, M.
name: Griffith, M.
name: Aubin, M. J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: To study the positivity rate of conjunctival realtime polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Systematic review and diagnostic accuracy meta-analysis. MEDLINE and EMBASE were queried using medical subject headings terms. Diagnostic accuracy meta-analyses and forest plots were obtained using the RevMan software. After deduplication, appraisal of abstract titles and full-text analysis of 1441 articles, 42 articles with 3351 COVID-19 patients were included in this review. Of these, 412 conjunctival swabs/Schirmer paper strips tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR. The pooled sensitivity of the RT-PCR tests across the 24 studies with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients was 10.3%. Only 1 in 10 RT-PCR tests performed on conjunctival swabs were positive for SARS-CoV-2. Although this suggests that SARS-CoV-2 is likely present and detectable in the conjunctiva, this detection method has low diagnostic potential.
Syntactic Simplification for Improving Content Selection in Multi-Document Summarization
Creators: name: Siddharthan, Advaith
name: Nenkova, Ani
name: McKeown, Kathleen
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Information technology
Computer science

description: In this paper, we explore the use of automatic syntactic simplification for improving content selection in multi-document summarization. In particular, we show how simplifying parentheticals by removing relative clauses and appositives results in improved sentence clustering, by forcing clustering based on central rather than background information. We argue that the inclusion of parenthetical information in a summary is a reference-generation task rather than a content-selection one, and implement a baseline reference rewriting module. We perform our evaluations on the test sets from the 2003 and 2004 Document Understanding Conference and report that simplifying parentheticals results in significant improvement on the automated evaluation metric Rouge.
title: Occupation during and after the War (Russian Empire)
title: Occupation during and after the War (Russian Empire)
Creators: name: Dornik, Wolfram
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Russland
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Besatzung [Militär]
subject: World War, 1914-1918--Territorial questions
subject: Russia

description: Occupation played a crucial role in Eastern Europe between 1914 and 1921: the highly mobile front allowed trenches to be shifted over hundreds of miles, resulting in the usurpation of foreign lands. While Russia only managed to occupy Habsburg Galicia and Bukovina for a short time early in the war, these occupations later affected Imperial Russia’s territory. The Central Powers occupied Congress-Poland, the Baltic States, modern-day Belarus, Ukraine, Bessarabia, Crimea and even parts of the Northern Caucasus. These occupations did not stop in 1918: it took the Bolsheviks until the early 1920s to reunite most of the former Czarist territory.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
The historical and language maps of Western Tigray speak for themselves, there is no need to "doctor" them – A rebuttal to Professors Shiferaw Bekele and Dagnachew Assefa (Addis Ababa University)
Creators: name: Nyssen, Jan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Ethiopia
Amhara
Tigray
Historical maps
Addis Ababa University

description: Two professors of Addis Ababa University (AAU) have stated that the maps produced in our publication “Western Tigray in 109 historical and 32 ethno-linguistic maps (1607-2014)” (Nyssen 2022) have been “doctored”. On 13 April, the Andafta YouTube channel posted a video, which has received more than 100,000 views. It holds a one-hour interview with Professor Dagnachew Assefa, in Amharic. In the interview, Prof. Dagnachew brings up our work and quotes its evaluation by Prof. Shiferaw, an emeritus Professor of History at AAU: "For example, Professor Shiferaw Bekele told me there is one known professor who is insidious. He is called Professor Jan Nyssen, Ghent University, Belgium. This man takes maps, doctors them, changes them and changing some of the narratives, in a very careful manner. He [Professor Shiferaw] has sent me the maps, where he [JN] has changed them, he [JN] is doing his work." Hence, the conclusion of the work, i.e., that the claims of long-standing Amhara dominance over Western Tigray (Welkait and surrounding districts) are not supported by historical facts, would be based on “doctored” maps. Let us see the accusation in detail and revisit the historical maps.
title: Organization of War Economies (Germany)
title: Organization of War Economies (Germany)
Creators: name: Ullmann, Hans-Peter
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Deutschland
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Kriegswirtschaft
subject: World War, 1914-1918--Economic aspects--Germany

description: This article examines the transformation from a peace- to wartime economy in the German Empire. It also discusses the core problems connected with a war economy, and analyses the reversion to a peacetime economy after the end of the war.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
title: Czernin, Ottokar Graf
title: Czernin, Ottokar Graf
Creators: name: Rill, Robert
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Czernin von und zu Chudenitz, Ottokar Theobald
subject: Czernin von und zu Chudenitz, Ottokar Theobald Otto Maria, Graf, 1872-1932

description: Ottokar Graf Czernin was an Austrian politician and the minister of foreign affairs for Austria-Hungary from 1916 to 1918.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Additional file 2 of Dose and engagement during an extended contact physical activity and dietary behavior change intervention delivered via tailored text messaging: exploring relationships with behavioral outcomes
Creators: name: Fjeldsoe, Brianna S
name: Goode, Ana D
name: Job, Jennifer
name: Eakin, Elizabeth G
name: Spilsbury, Kate L
name: Winkler, Elisabeth
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2:
Additional file 3 of Dose and engagement during an extended contact physical activity and dietary behavior change intervention delivered via tailored text messaging: exploring relationships with behavioral outcomes
Creators: name: Fjeldsoe, Brianna S
name: Goode, Ana D
name: Job, Jennifer
name: Eakin, Elizabeth G
name: Spilsbury, Kate L
name: Winkler, Elisabeth
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3:
title: Peasant Uprisings/Tambovshchina
title: Peasant Uprisings/Tambovshchina
Creators: name: Gilley, Christopher
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Russische SFSR
subject: Aufstand
subject: Soviet Union--History--Revolution, 1917-1921
subject: Peasant uprisings

description: During the Russian Civil War, peasant uprisings swept the former Russian Empire. In 1918 and 1919, these uprisings were mainly local responses to requisitioning and conscription. In 1920 and 1921, the uprisings became larger in scale, above all in Tambov. The revolts helped defeat the Whites and forced the Bolsheviks to change economic policies.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Ocular Toxocariasis in Adult Caucasian Patients: Clinical Presentations and Treatment Outcomes
Creators: name: Desurmont, Marie-Gwenola
name: Bourdin, Alexandre
name: Paris, Luc
name: Toutée, Adélaide
name: Faudi, Emilien
name: Fardeau, Christine
name: Bodaghi, Bahram
name: Touhami, Sara
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: To report the clinical features and treatment outcomes in adult Caucasians with ocular toxocariasis (OT) and investigate their prognosis depending on their serological status. Retrospective observational cohort study (2016–2021) including consecutive adults with uveitis and positive western blot (WB) in the aqueous humor or vitreous. The presence of serum antibodies was not necessary for inclusion, allowing to compare the outcomes depending on the serological status. Seventeen eyes of 15 patients were included. Mean age at diagnosis was 51.9 years. Vitreous inflammation was the most frequent sign (100%). Vitreoretinal tractions (41.2%) and chorioretinal granulomas (58.8%) were less prevalent. Atypical features were: spontaneous intravitreal hemorrhage (23.5%), exudative retinal detachment (11.8%), isolated macular edema (17.6%), papillitis (29.4%) and vasculitis (47.1%). Twenty percent of patients had a positive serum serology. Baseline clinical features did not differ statistically depending on the serological status; however, the degree of inflammation was numerically higher in patients with negative serology. Overall, macular thickness, anterior and posterior segment inflammation improved significantly after treatment with oral albendazole, systemic ± local corticosteroids. Vitrectomy (47.1%) was performed in case of persistent vitritis (62.5%), retinal detachment (12.5%) and intravitreous hemorrhage (25%). OT has no pathognomonic sign and atypical presentations were not infrequent in this adult Caucasian cohort. Serum antibodies were rarely positive, stressing on the importance of ocular sample analysis, especially in case of atypical features. Serum antibodies may prove useful in forecasting the rapidity of inflammation clearance. Antiparasitic and anti-inflammatory treatment was safe and efficient in most cases.
Phase Transition in Dually Weighted Colored Tensor Models
Creators: name: Benedetti, Dario
name: Gurau, Razvan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tensor models are a generalization of matrix models (their graphs being dual to higher-dimensional triangulations) and, in their colored version, admit a 1/N expansion and a continuum limit. We introduce a new class of colored tensor models with a modified propagator which allows us to associate weight factors to the faces of the graphs, i.e. to the bones (or hinges) of the triangulation, where curvature is concentrated. They correspond to dynamical triangulations in three and higher dimensions with generalized amplitudes. We solve analytically the leading order in 1/N of the most general model in arbitrary dimensions. We then show that a particular model, corresponding to dynamical triangulations with a non-trivial measure factor, undergoes a third-order phase transition in the continuum characterized by a jump in the susceptibility exponent.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures; v2: two references added
The Changing Nature of Urban Poverty in China
Creators: name: Riskin, Carl A.
name: Gao, Qin
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Economics

description: Our analysis is based upon the three round China Household Income Project (CHIP) surveys of household income carried out by an international team under the aegis of the Institute of Economics, Chinese Academy of Social Science. The CHIP studies defined household disposable income to include direct subsidies, income-in-kind, and the rental value of owned housing, in keeping with standard international practice. Income thus defined has exceeded income as officially defined and has changed differently, as well, especially in urban areas where formerly large subsidies faded away while rental value of owned housing burgeoned with the housing reform (Khan & Riskin, 2001, 2005). After summarizing available estimates of the size and trends of urban poverty, we use an urban poverty line fashioned by Khan (Khan & Riskin 2001; Khan 2004) to examine the changing characteristics of China's urban poor, and then explore whether recent declines in urban poverty are the fruits of the direct benefits and safety net programs that China has been establishing.
Towards real-time microseismic processing: Efficient and robust methods for event detection and automated arrival time picking
Creators: name: Da Silva Paes, Atila
Publisher: name: Science
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Hydraulic fracturing
subject: Unconventional oil and gas
subject: Microseismic monitoring
subject: Passive seismic
subject: Microseismic event detection
subject: Arrival-time picking
subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Hydraulic fracturing (HF) is a method to enhance the production of crude oil and natural gas trapped in impermeable geologic formations. HF technology has the capability to unleash reserves that were previously considered uneconomical. Microseismic (MS) monitoring involves the detection and localization of microseismic events, including induced seismicity generated by HF. MS methods are used to aid in HF design optimization. A typical MS survey may last months and generates terabytes of raw data, motivating the use of automatic triggering and location algorithms. To address these challenges, workflows are developed in this thesis based on novel methods for event-detection, event-validation and arrival-time picking. These workflows are applicable for a variety of acquisition geometries and signal-to-noise ratio, as well as real-time applications and post-acquisition processing modes. The Tony Creek Dual Microseismic Experiment (ToC2ME), a MS program acquired in west-central Alberta by the University of Calgary within the Duvernay unconventional play, was used as case study. A detailed study of signal quality and noise was undertaken, leading to substantial improvement in processing results. The noise analysis showed that approximately half of the stations are strongly influenced by cultural noise, making their use counterproductive in detection algorithms but generally suitable for automatic arrival-time picking of the data from the station. A new algorithm developed for event-detection, called energy stack, provides a similar detection rate to previous method, but has advantages of having significantly faster execution speed, fewer parameters and the ability to detect events that were previously undetected. A new method for arrival-time picking uses the kurtosis derivative, a high-order statistical measure, in a sliding window. This approach yields accurate and precise arrival time picks under diverse noise conditions. In summary, when compared to other methods that are currently used, the developed workflows are robust in different noise environments, advantageous for implementation since they use fewer parameters, are computationally faster and require less human interaction. All of these constitute desirable features for real-time microseismic monitoring systems.
Soliton Magnetization Dynamics in Spin-Orbit Coupled Bose-Einstein Condensates
Creators: name: Fialko, O.
name: Brand, J.
name: Zülicke, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ring-trapped Bose-Einstein condensates subject to spin-orbit coupling support localized dark soliton excitations that show periodic density dynamics in real space. In addition to the density feature, solitons also carry a localized pseudo-spin magnetization that exhibits a rich and tunable dynamics. Analytic results for Rashba-type spin-orbit coupling and spin-invariant interactions predict a conserved magnitude and precessional motion for the soliton magnetization that allows for the simulation of spin-related geometric phases recently seen in electronic transport measurements.
description: 3 figures, 5 pages
Additional file 2 of Redox proteomic study of Bacillus cereus thiol proteome during fermentative anaerobic growth
Creators: name: Hamitouche, Fella
name: Gaillard, Jean-Charles
name: Schmitt, Philippe
name: Armengaud, Jean
name: Duport, Catherine
name: Dedieu, Luc
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 2: Figure S3. Changes in B. cereus proteome composition between EEP, MEP, and LEP obtained by Gene Ontology analysis of pathway enrichment.
Landau Gauge Fixing on GPUs
Creators: name: Cardoso, Nuno
name: Silva, Paulo J.
name: Bicudo, Pedro
name: Oliveira, Orlando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present and explore the performance of Landau gauge fixing in GPUs using CUDA. We consider the steepest descent algorithm with Fourier acceleration, and compare the GPU performance with a parallel CPU implementation. Using $32^4$ lattice volumes, we find that the computational power of a single Tesla C2070 GPU is equivalent to approximately 256 CPU cores.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures and 3 tables