cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ongoing Tracking of Engagement in Motor Learning
Creators: name: Shlomov, Segev
name: Muehlstein, Jonathan
name: Guetta, Nitzan
name: Limonad, Lior
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Teaching motor skills such as playing music, handwriting, and driving, can greatly benefit from recently developed technologies such as wearable gloves for haptic feedback or robotic sensorimotor exoskeletons for the mediation of effective human-human and robot-human physical interactions. At the heart of such teacher-learner interactions still stands the critical role of the ongoing feedback a teacher can get about the student's engagement state during the learning and practice sessions. Particularly for motor learning, such feedback is an essential functionality in a system that is developed to guide a teacher on how to control the intensity of the physical interaction, and to best adapt it to the gradually evolving performance of the learner. In this paper, our focus is on the development of a near real-time machine-learning model that can acquire its input from a set of readily available, noninvasive, privacy-preserving, body-worn sensors, for the benefit of tracking the engagement of the learner in the motor task. We used the specific case of violin playing as a target domain in which data were empirically acquired, the latent construct of engagement in motor learning was carefully developed for data labeling, and a machine-learning model was rigorously trained and validated.
Quality improvement project to reduce nulliparous term singleton vertex cesarean rate: implementing a pre-cesarean checklist
Creators: name: Carlucci, Victoria
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2021

description: Purpose of Project: To reduce the cesarean delivery rate for nulliparous term singleton vertex (NTSV) parturient women by implementing a pre-cesarean checklist into practice. Methodology: A non-randomized, convenient sample of all cesarean deliveries was obtained through the project site. From these charts, a manual chart review was completed on those meeting NTSV inclusion criteria. Prior to the implementation period, the nurses and providers received education on utilization of the pre-cesarean checklist. During implementation, nurses and providers completed a pre-cesarean checklist for NTSV patients being considered for cesarean delivery documenting date and time, nurse and provider collaboration, indication for cesarean, and whether criteria was met for the selected indication.Results: The findings from this project showed that there was a 10.8% decrease in the NTSV cesarean birth rate. Fewer patients experienced latent phase arrest, active phase arrest, second stage arrest and cesarean delivery due to provider judgement. There was an increase in compliance with recommendations for latent, active, and second stage arrest. Despite these findings, there was no statistical significance that the pre-cesarean checklist was responsible for these changes (x2 (1) = 1.169, p > .05).Implications for Practice: The findings of increased compliance with recommendations and a lower NTSV cesarean rate suggests that following these guidelines should be continued in clinical practice. Further studies are needed to determine if a larger sample size will show significance for a pre-cesarean checklist. Continued efforts to lower the NTSV cesarean rates will benefit patients, providers, organizations, and financial outcomes.
Testing new physics/couplings at the NLC (Talk prsented in The 5th Topical Seminar on ``The irresistible rise of the Standard Model'', San Miniato al Todesco, Italy, April 21-25 1997)
Creators: name: Wudka, Jose
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I present a brief overview of the advantages of using a consistent effective Lagrangian approach in parameterizing virtual new physics effects. I then apply the formalism to certain top-quark processes.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures. Requires epsf.sty
Weakly-Gravitating Objects in dynamical Chern-Simons gravity and Constraints with Gravity Probe B
Creators: name: Nakamura, Yuya
name: Kikuchi, Daiki
name: Yamada, Kei
name: Asada, Hideki
name: Yunes, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solar system observations have traditionally allowed for very stringent tests of Einstein's theory of general relativity. We here revisit the possibility of using these observations to constrain gravitational parity violation as encapsulated in dynamical Chern-Simons gravity. Working in the small-coupling and post-Newtonian approximations, we calculate analytically the scalar field and the gravitomagnetic sector of the gravitational field in the interior and the exterior of an isolated, weakly-gravitating object with uniform rotation and a quadrupolar mass deformation. We find that the asymptotic peeling-off behavior of the exterior fields is consistent with that found for black holes and neutron stars, as well as for non-relativistic objects, with overall coefficients that are different and dependent on the structure of the weak-field source. We then use these fields to explicitly calculate the dynamical Chern-Simons correction to the spin precession of gyroscopes in orbit around Earth, which we find to be in the same direction as the Lense-Thirring effect of General Relativity. We then compare this correction to the spin precession prediction of General Relativity to the results of the Gravity Probe B experiment to place a constraint on dynamical Chern-Simons theory that is consistent with previous approximate estimates. Although we focus primarily on a single body, our methods can be straightforwardly extended to binary systems or N-bodies.
description: 29 pages, 2 figures, submitted to CQG
Augmenting Quality Assurance Measures in Treatment Review with Machine Learning in Radiation Oncology
Creators: name: McGurk, Ross
name: Dooley, John
name: Chera, Bhishamjit S.
name: Das, Shiva K.
name: Mazur, Lukasz M.
name: Adapa, Karthik
name: Shumway, John W.
name: Pillai, Malvika
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2023

description:
Purpose: Pretreatment quality assurance (QA) of treatment plans often requires a high cognitive workload and considerable time expenditure. This study explores the use of machine learning to classify pretreatment chart check QA for a given radiation plan as difficult or less difficult, thereby alerting the physicists to increase scrutiny on difficult plans. Methods and Materials: Pretreatment QA data were collected for 973 cases between July 2018 and October 2020. The outcome variable, a degree of difficulty, was collected as a subjective rating by physicists who performed the pretreatment chart checks. Potential features were identified based on clinical relevance, contribution to plan complexity, and QA metrics. Five machine learning models were developed: support vector machine, random forest classifier, adaboost classifier, decision tree classifier, and neural network. These were incorporated into a voting classifier, where at least 2 algorithms needed to predict a case as difficult for it to be classified as such. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to evaluate feature importance. Results: The voting classifier achieved an overall accuracy of 77.4% on the test set, with 76.5% accuracy on difficult cases and 78.4% accuracy on less difficult cases. Sensitivity analysis showed features associated with plan complexity (number of fractions, dose per monitor unit, number of planning structures, and number of image sets) and clinical relevance (patient age) were sensitive across at least 3 algorithms. Conclusions: This approach can be used to equitably allocate plans to physicists rather than randomly allocate them, potentially improving pretreatment chart check effectiveness by reducing errors propagating downstream.
A First-order Two-scale Analysis for Contact Problems with Small Periodic Configurations
Creators: name: Ye, Changqing
name: Cui, Junzhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65N30, 74M15, 74Q05

description: This paper is devoted to studying a type of contact problems modeled by hemivariational inequalities with small periodic coefficients appearing in PDEs, and the PDEs we considered are linear, second order and uniformly elliptic. Under the assumptions, it is proved that the original problem can be homogenized, and the solution weakly converges. We derive an $O(ε^{1/2})$ estimation which is pivotal in building the computational framework. We also show that Robin problems--- a special case of contact problems, it leads to an $O(ε)$ estimation in $L^2$ norm. Our computational framework is based on finite element methods, and the numerical analysis is given, together with experiments to convince the estimation.
The HST Non-Detection of SN Ia 2011fe 11.5yr After Explosion Further Restricts Single-Degenerate Progenitor Systems
Creators: name: Tucker, M. A.
name: Shappee, B. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present deep Hubble Space Telescope imaging of the nearby Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) 2011fe obtained 11.5yr after explosion. No emission is detected at the SN location to a $1σ$ ($3σ$) limit of ${F555W > 30.2 \;(29.0)}~$mag, or equivalently $M_V > 1.2 \;(-0.1)~$mag, neglecting the distance uncertainty to M101. We constrain the presence of donor stars impacted by the SN ejecta with the strictest limits thus far on compact (i.e., $\log \,g \gtrsim 4$) companions. H-rich zero-age main-sequence companions with masses $\geq 2~\rm M_\odot$ are excluded, a significant improvement upon the pre-explosion imaging limit of $\approx 5~\rm M_\odot$. Main-sequence He stars with masses $\geq 1~\rm M_\odot$ and subgiant He stars with masses $\lesssim 0.8~\rm M_\odot$ are also disfavored by our late-time imaging. Synthesizing our limits on post-impact donors with previous constraints from pre-explosion imaging, early-time radio and X-ray observations, and nebular-phase spectroscopy, essentially all formation channels for SN2011fe invoking a non-degenerate donor star at the time of explosion are unlikely.
description: 5 pages excluding references, 4 figures, 1 table. Published in ApJ
Deep learning prediction of diffusion MRI data with microstructure-sensitive loss functions
Creators: name: Hong, Yoonmi
name: Chen, Geng
name: Yap, Pew-Thian
name: Huynh, Khoi Minh
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2023

description:
Deep learning prediction of diffusion MRI (DMRI) data relies on the utilization of effective loss functions. Existing losses typically measure the signal-wise differences between the predicted and target DMRI data without considering the quality of derived diffusion scalars that are eventually utilized for quantification of tissue microstructure. Here, we propose two novel loss functions, called microstructural loss and spherical variance loss, to explicitly consider the quality of both the predicted DMRI data and derived diffusion scalars. We apply these loss functions to the prediction of multi-shell data and enhancement of angular resolution. Evaluation based on infant and adult DMRI data indicates that both microstructural loss and spherical variance loss improve the quality of derived diffusion scalars.
Exclusion of quantum coherence as the origin of the 2D metallic state in high-mobility silicon inversion layers
Creators: name: Brunthaler, G.
name: Prinz, A.
name: Bauer, G.
name: Pudalov, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The temperature and density dependence of the phase coherence time $τ_ϕ$ in high-mobility silicon inversion layers was determined from the magnetoresistivity due to weak localization. The upper temperature limit for single-electron quantum interference effects was delineated by comparing $τ_ϕ$ with the momentum relaxation time $τ$. A comparison between the density dependence of the borders for quantum interference effects and the strong resistivity drop reveals that theses effects are not related to each other. As the strong resistivity drop occurs in the Drude regime, the apparent metallic behavior can not be caused by quantum coherent effects.
description: 4 pages, 3 figs, LaTeX; new title, stronger conclusions
Lowell EDMUNDS, Toward the Characterization of Helen in Homer. Appellatives, Periphrastic Denominations, and Noun-Epithet Formulas
Creators: name: Colangelo, Eleonora
Publisher: name: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Year: 2021

description: Rezension zu: Lowell Edmunds, Toward the Characterization of Helen in Homer. Appellatives, Periphrastic Denominations, and Noun-Epithet Formulas. Trends in Classics. Supplementary Volumes Bd. 87. Berlin / Boston: De Gruyter 2019, XII + 183 p.
description: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft, Bd. 24 Nr. 1 (2021): Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
title: Long‐run productivity trends: A global update with a global index
Creators: name: Krüger, Jens J.
Publisher: name: John Wiley & Sons
Year: 2024

description: This paper documents the results from a macroeconomic total factor productivity analysis with a special focus on disentangling efficiency change and technological change under variable returns to scale. A sample of 93 countries is investigated by nonparametric methods. For the measurement three variants of the Malmquist index (basic, biennial, and global) are used. Specific country groups and selected individual countries are examined. The results show that productivity development is mainly driven by the interplay of technological change and efficiency change with a reversal from a backward shifting frontier function until the mid‐1990s to an advancing frontier thereafter.
Emerging Therapies and Advances in Sickle Cell Disease with a Focus on Renal Manifestations
Creators: name: Obadina, Mofiyin
name: Wilson, Sam
name: Little, Jane
name: Derebail, Vimal K.
Publisher: name: Wolters Kluwer
Year: 2023

description:
The underlying mechanisms of disease in sickle cell disease (SCD) contribute to a multifaceted nephropathy, commonly manifested as albuminuria. In severe SCD genotypes ( e.g. , Hemoglobin SS [HbSS]), albuminuria and CKD are major predictors of mortality in this population. Therefore, the monitoring and management of renal function is an intrinsic part of comprehensive care in SCD. Management of nephropathy in SCD can be accomplished with SCD-directed therapies and/or CKD-directed therapies. In the past 5 years, novel disease-modifying and palliative therapies have been approved in SCD to target aspects of the disease, such as anemia, inflammation, and vasculopathy. Along with conventional hydroxyurea and chronic transfusion, l -glutamine, crizanlizumab, and voxelotor have all been shown to mitigate some adverse effect of SCD, and their effect on nephropathy is being investigated. CKD-directed therapies such as renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockers have long been used in SCD nephropathy; however, more complete long-term studies on benefits are needed. Given the effect of renal disease on survival, further assessment of the mechanisms and efficacy of these SCD-directed or CKD-directed therapeutic agents is essential.
Why do researchers from Economics and Social Sciences cite online? Insights from an exploratory survey
Creators: name: Mehrazar, Maryam
name: Shema, Hadas
name: Lemke, Steffen
name: Peters, Isabella
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Presented at the 17th International Conference on Scientometrics and Informetrics (ISSI) on September 2-5, 2019 in Rome (Italy).
Kidney Disease Progression in Membranous Nephropathy among Black Participants with High-Risk APOL1 Genotype
Creators: name: Aiello, Claudia P.
name: Hogan, Susan L.
name: CureGN
name: Chen, Dhruti P.
name: Collie, Mary M.
name: Falk, Ronald J.
name: Henderson, Candace D.
name: Anguiano, Jaeline
name: Hu, Yichun
name: Moreno, Vanessa
Publisher: name: Wolters Kluwer
Year: 2023

description:
BACKGROUND: Disparity in CKD progression among Black individuals persists in glomerular diseases. Genetic variants in the apolipoprotein L1 ( APOL1 ) gene in the Black population contribute to kidney disease, but the influence in membranous nephropathy remains unknown. METHODS: Longitudinally followed participants enrolled in the Glomerular Disease Collaborative Network or Cure Glomerulonephropathy Network were included if they had DNA or genotyping available for APOL1 (Black participants with membranous nephropathy) or had membranous nephropathy but were not Black. eGFR slopes were estimated using linear mixed-effects models with random effects and adjusting for covariates and interaction terms of covariates. Fisher exact test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Kaplan-Meier curves with log-rank tests were used to compare groups. RESULTS: Among 118 Black membranous nephropathy participants, 16 (14%) had high-risk APOL1 genotype (two risk alleles) and 102 (86%) had low-risk APOL1 genotype (zero or one risk alleles, n =53 and n =49, respectively). High-risk APOL1 membranous nephropathy participants were notably younger at disease onset than low-risk APOL1 and membranous nephropathy participants that were not Black ( n =572). eGFR at disease onset was not different between groups, although eGFR decline (slope) was steeper in participants with high-risk APOL1 genotype (-16±2 [±SE] ml/min per 1.73 m 2 per year) compared with low-risk APOL1 genotype (-4±0.8 ml/min per 1.73 m 2 per year) or membranous nephropathy participants that did not identify themselves as Black (-2.0±0.4 ml/min per 1.73 m 2 per year) ( P <0.0001). Time to kidney failure was faster in the high-risk APOL1 genotype than low-risk APOL1 genotype or membranous nephropathy participants that were not Black. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of high-risk APOL1 variant among Black membranous nephropathy participants is comparable with the general Black population (10%-15%), yet the high-risk genotype was associated with worse eGFR decline and faster time to kidney failure compared with low-risk genotype and participants that were not Black.
How to do things with words: A Bayesian approach
Creators: name: Gmytrasiewicz, Piotr
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Communication changes the beliefs of the listener and of the speaker. The value of a communicative act stems from the valuable belief states which result from this act. To model this we build on the Interactive POMDP (IPOMDP) framework, which extends POMDPs to allow agents to model others in multi-agent settings, and we include communication that can take place between the agents to formulate Communicative IPOMDPs (CIPOMDPs). We treat communication as a type of action and therefore, decisions regarding communicative acts are based on decision-theoretic planning using the Bellman optimality principle and value iteration, just as they are for all other rational actions. As in any form of planning, the results of actions need to be precisely specified. We use the Bayes’ theorem to derive how agents update their beliefs in CIPOMDPs; updates are due to agents’ actions, observations, messages they send to other agents, and messages they receive from others. The Bayesian decision-theoretic approach frees us from the commonly made assumption of cooperative discourse – we consider agents which are free to be dishonest while communicating and are guided only by their selfish rationality. We use a simple Tiger game to illustrate the belief update, and to show that the ability to rationally communicate allows agents to improve efficiency of their interactions.
On SUSY-breaking Moduli Spaces of AdS$_7$ Vacua and 6D SCFTs
Creators: name: Junghans, Daniel
name: Zagermann, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study supersymmetric AdS$_7$ vacua of massive type IIA string theory, which were argued to describe the near-horizon limit of NS5/D6/D8-brane intersections and to be holographically dual to 6D $(1,0)$ theories. We show, for the case without D8-brane charges, that such vacua do not admit any supersymmetry-breaking deformations. Our result implies that the dual $(1,0)$ theories do not have a conformal manifold, thus extending previously known results for supersymmetric deformations. It is also in line with the recent conjecture that non-supersymmetric AdS vacua are in the swampland.
description: 17 pages, 1 figure. v2: minor corrections, references added
Quantum dimension witness with a single repeated operation
Creators: name: Białecki, Tomasz
name: Rybotycki, Tomasz
name: Batle, Josep
name: Bednorz, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simple null test of a dimension of a quantum system, using a single repeated operation in the method of delays, assuming that each instance is identical and independent. The test is well-suited to current feasible quantum technologies, with programed gates. We also analyze weaker versions of the test, assuming unitary or almost unitary operations and derive expressions for the statistical error. The feasibility of the test is demonstrated on IBM Quantum. The failure in one of the tested devices can indicate a lack of identity between subsequent gates or an extra dimension in the many worlds/copies model.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Comparison of capillary blood self-collection using the Tasso-SST device with venous phlebotomy for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody measurement
Creators: name: Shook-Sa, Bonnie E
name: Abernathy, Haley
name: Cassidy, Caitlin A
name: Aiello, Allison E
name: King, Elise R
name: Juliano, Jonathan J
name: Cabell, Cameron R
name: Ciccone, Emily J
name: Garrett, Haley E
name: Boyce, Ross M
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2023

description:
Measuring seroprevalence over time is a valuable epidemiological tool for improving our understanding of COVID-19 immunity. Due to the large number of collections required for population surveillance as well as concerns about potential infection risk to the collectors, self-collection approaches are being increasingly pursued. To advance this methodology, we collected paired venous and capillary blood samples by routine phlebotomy and Tasso-SST device respectively from 26 participants and measured total immunoglobulin (Ig) and IgG antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain (RBD) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) on both specimens. Qualitatively, no discrepancies were noted in binary results between Tasso and venipuncture-derived plasma. Furthermore, in vaccinated participants, correlation between Tasso and venous total Ig and IgG specific antibody quantitative levels was high (Total Ig: Spearman ρ = 0.72, 95% CI (0.39,0.90); IgG: Spearman ρ = 0.85, 95% CI (0.54, 0.96)). Our results support the use of Tasso at-home collection devices for antibody testing.
ROAM: Robust and Object-Aware Motion Generation Using Neural Pose Descriptors
Creators: name: Zhang, Wanyue
name: Dabral, Rishabh
name: Leimkühler, Thomas
name: Golyanik, Vladislav
name: Habermann, Marc
name: Theobalt, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Existing automatic approaches for 3D virtual character motion synthesis supporting scene interactions do not generalise well to new objects outside training distributions, even when trained on extensive motion capture datasets with diverse objects and annotated interactions. This paper addresses this limitation and shows that robustness and generalisation to novel scene objects in 3D object-aware character synthesis can be achieved by training a motion model with as few as one reference object. We leverage an implicit feature representation trained on object-only datasets, which encodes an SE(3)-equivariant descriptor field around the object. Given an unseen object and a reference pose-object pair, we optimise for the object-aware pose that is closest in the feature space to the reference pose. Finally, we use l-NSM, i.e., our motion generation model that is trained to seamlessly transition from locomotion to object interaction with the proposed bidirectional pose blending scheme. Through comprehensive numerical comparisons to state-of-the-art methods and in a user study, we demonstrate substantial improvements in 3D virtual character motion and interaction quality and robustness to scenarios with unseen objects. Our project page is available at https://vcai.mpi-inf.mpg.de/projects/ROAM/.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures; project page: https://vcai.mpi-inf.mpg.de/projects/ROAM/
Precipitable water vapour measurement using GNSS data in the Atacama Desert for millimetre and submillimetre astronomical observations
Creators: name: Sugiyama, Junna
name: Nishino, Haruki
name: Kusaka, Akito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Precipitable water vapour (PWV) strongly affects the quality of data obtained from millimetre- and submillimetre-wave astronomical observations, such as those for cosmic microwave background measurements. Some of these observatories have used radiometers to monitor PWV. In this study, PWV was measured from 2021 April to 2022 April using Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) instruments in the Atacama Desert, Chile, where several millimetre- and submillimetre-wave telescopes are located. We evaluated the accuracy of these measurements by comparing them to radiometer measurements. We calculated the PWV from GNSS data using CSRS-PPP (Canadian Spatial Reference System Precise Point Positioning), an online software package. When using GNSS data alone, the estimated PWV showed a systematic offset of +1.08 mm. When combining GNSS data with data from a barometer, which was co-located with the GNSS receiver, the estimated PWV showed a lower systematic offset of -0.05 mm. The GNSS PWV showed a statistical uncertainty of 0.52 mm with an averaging time of an hour. Compared to other PWV measurement methods, GNSS instruments are robust in bad weather conditions, have sufficient time resolution, and are less expensive. By demonstrating good accuracy and precision in low-PWV conditions, this paper shows that GNSS instruments are valuable tools for PWV measurements for observing site evaluation and data analysis for ground-based telescopes.
Probing the nanoscale origin of strain and doping in graphene-hBN heterostructures
Creators: name: Vincent, Tom
name: Panchal, Vishal
name: Booth, Tim
name: Power, Stephen R.
name: Jauho, Antti-Pekka
name: Antonov, Vladimir
name: Kazakova, Olga
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use confocal Raman microscopy and modified vector analysis methods to investigate the nanoscale origin of strain and carrier concentration in exfoliated graphene-hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) heterostructures on silicon dioxide (SiO2). Two types of heterostructures are studied: graphene on SiO2 partially coved by hBN, and graphene fully encapsulated between two hBN flakes. We extend the vector analysis methods to produce spatial maps of the strain and doping variation across the heterostructures. This allows us to visualise and directly quantify the much-speculated effect of the environment on carrier concentration as well as strain in graphene. Moreover, we demonstrate that variations in strain and carrier concentration in graphene arise from nanoscale features of the heterostructures such as fractures, folds and bubbles trapped between layers. For bubbles in hBN-encapsulated graphene, hydrostatic strain is shown to be greatest at bubble centres, whereas the maximum of carrier concentration is localised at bubble edges. Raman spectroscopy is shown to be a non-invasive tool for probing strain and doping in graphene, which could prove useful for engineering of two-dimensional devices.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
QCD-Inspired Spectra from Blue's Functions
Creators: name: Nowak, Maciej A.
name: Papp, Gábor
name: Zahed, Ismail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the law of addition in random matrix theory to analyze the spectral distributions of a variety of chiral random matrix models as inspired from QCD whether through symmetries or models. In terms of the Blue's functions recently discussed by Zee, we show that most of the spectral distributions in the macroscopic limit and the quenched approximation, follow algebraically from the discontinuity of a pertinent solution to a cubic (Cardano) or a quartic (Ferrari) equation. We use the end-point equation of the energy spectra in chiral random matrix models to argue for novel phase structures, in which the Dirac density of states plays the role of an order parameter.
description: 7 pages, LaTEX using RevTEX, 7 eps figures included. (comments on the Wilson fermions added)
Beyond Roe: Implications for End-of-Life Decision-Making During Pregnancy.
Creators: name: Krause, Joan H
Publisher: name: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Year: 2023

description:
The end of Roe v. Wade has significant implications for the autonomy of pregnant patients at the end of life. At least thirty states restrict the choice to withhold/withdraw life-sustaining treatments from pregnant patients without decisional capacity, invalidating prior advance directives and prohibiting others from choosing these options for the patient. Many restrictions are based on the Roe framework, applying after "viability" or similar considerations of fetal development or prospect for live birth. Scholars have also relied on the abortion framework, arguing that the restrictions impose an undue burden. The end of Roe will free states from having to craft limited restrictions designed to work around prior abortion jurisprudence. Similarly, advocates will no longer be able to draw support from the abortion framework, forcing them to rely instead on cases supporting rights to autonomy/bodily integrity in medical decision-making.
Magnetic field induced localization in a two-dimensional superconducting wire network
Creators: name: Abilio, C. C.
name: Butaud, P.
name: Fournier, Th.
name: Vidal, J.
name: Tedesco, S.
name: Dalzotto, B.
name: Pannetier, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report transport measurements on superconducting wire networks which provide the first experimental evidence of a new localization phenomenon induced by magnetic field on a 2D periodic structure. In the case of a superconducting wave function this phenomenon manifests itself as a depression of the network critical current and of the superconducting transition temperature at a half magnetic flux quantum per tile. In addition, the strong broadening of the resistive transition observed at this field is consistent with enhanced phase fluctuations due to this localization mechanism.
description: 4 pages, 3 eps figures, final version with minor changes
Three-body periodic collisionless equal-mass free-fall orbits revisited
Creators: name: Hristov, Ivan
name: Hristova, Radoslava
name: Dmitrašinović, Veljko
name: Tanikawa, Kiyotaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 70F07, 70F15, 65L05

description: Li and Liao announced (2019) discovery of 313 periodic collisionless orbits' initial conditions (i.c.s), 30 of which have equal masses, and 18 of these 30 orbits have physical periods (scale-invariant periods) $T^{*}=T|E|^{3/2}<80$. That work left a lot to be desired, however, both in terms of logical consistency and of numerical efficiency. We have conducted a new search for periodic free-fall orbits, limited to the equal-mass case. Our search produced 24,582 i.c.s of equal-mass periodic orbits with scale-invariant period $T^{*}<80$, corresponding to 12,409 distinct solutions, 236 of which are self-dual.
description: 21 pages, 15 figures, 3 tables
Non-standard t production at the NLC
Creators: name: Wudka, Jose
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The top-quark system as a probe for new physics is considered using a consistent, gauge-invariant effective Lagrangian approach. The magnitude of new effects is estimated and the results are applied to top production through W fusion. Other processes are also briefly discussed.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures. Requires epsfig.sty. References have been updated and corresponding comments added. Talk presented in Beyond the Standard Model V, April 29 - May 4, 1997, Kvikne's Hotel, Balholm, Norway
Corrigendum to “Challenges and opportunities in gene editing of B cells” [Biochem. Pharmacol. 206 (2022) 115285]
Creators: name: Lai, Samuel K
name: Fritz, Marshall
name: Edelstein, Jasmine
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2023

description:
Corrigendum to “Challenges and opportunities in gene editing of B cells”
Probing Palatini-type gravity theories through gravitational wave detections via quasinormal modes
Creators: name: Chen, Che-Yu
name: Bouhmadi-López, Mariam
name: Chen, Pisin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The possibility of testing gravity theories with the help of gravitational wave detections has become an interesting arena of recent research. In this paper, we follow this direction by investigating the quasinormal modes (QNMs) of the axial perturbations for charged black holes in the Palatini-type theories of gravity, specifically ($i$) the Palatini $f(R)$ gravity coupled with Born-Infeld nonlinear electrodynamics and ($ii$) the Eddington-inspired-Born-Infeld gravity (EiBI) coupled with Maxwell electromagnetic fields. The coupled master equations describing perturbations of charged black holes in these theories are obtained with the tetrad formalism. By using the Wentzel-Kramers- Brillouin (WKB) method up to 6th order, we calculate the QNM frequencies of the EiBI charged black holes, the Einstein-Born-Infeld black holes, and the Born-Infeld charged black holes within the Palatini $R+αR^2$ gravity. The QNM spectra of these black holes would deviate from those of the Reissner-Nordström black hole. In addition, we study the QNMs in the eikonal limit and find that for the axial perturbations of the EiBI charged black holes, the link between the eikonal QNMs and the unstable null circular orbit around the black hole is violated.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures
Topological BF Theories in 3 and 4 Dimensions
Creators: name: Cattaneo, Aberto S.
name: Cotta-Ramusino, Paolo
name: Froehlich, Juerg
name: Martellini, Maurizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we discuss topological BF theories in 3 and 4 dimensions. Observables are associated to ordinary knots and links (in 3 dimensions) and to 2-knots (in 4 dimensions). The vacuum expectation values of such observables give a wide range of invariants. Here we consider mainly the 3-dimensional case, where these invariants include Alexander polynomials, HOMFLY polynomials and Kontsevich integrals.
description: 25 pages, latex, no figures. Transmission problems have been solved
Unveiling Dark Matter free-streaming at the smallest scales with high redshift Lyman-alpha forest
Creators: name: Iršič, Vid
name: Viel, Matteo
name: Haehnelt, Martin G.
name: Bolton, James S.
name: Molaro, Margherita
name: Puchwein, Ewald
name: Boera, Elisa
name: Becker, George D.
name: Gaikwad, Prakash
name: Keating, Laura C.
name: Kulkarni, Girish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study introduces novel constraints on the free-streaming of thermal relic warm dark matter (WDM) from Lyman-$α$ forest flux power spectra. Our analysis utilises a high-resolution, high-redshift sample of quasar spectra observed using the HIRES and UVES spectrographs ($z=4.2-5.0$). We employ a Bayesian inference framework and a simulation-based likelihood that encompasses various parameters including the free-streaming of dark matter, cosmological parameters, the thermal history of the intergalactic medium, and inhomogeneous reionization, to establish lower limits on the mass of a thermal relic WDM particle of $5.7\;\mathrm{keV}$ (at 95\% C.L.). This result surpasses previous limits from the Lyman-$α$ forest through reduction of the measured uncertainties due to a larger statistical sample and by measuring clustering to smaller scales ($k_{\rm max}=0.2\;\mathrm{km^{-1}\,s}$). The approximately two-fold improvement due to the expanded statistical sample suggests that the effectiveness of Lyman-$α$ forest constraints on WDM models at high redshifts are limited by the availability of high-quality quasar spectra. Restricting the analysis to comparable scales and thermal history priors as in prior studies ($k_{\rm max}<0.1\;\mathrm{km^{-1}\,s}$) lowers the bound on the WDM mass to $4.1\;\mathrm{keV}$. As the precision of the measurements increases, it becomes crucial to examine the instrumental and modelling systematics. On the modelling front, we argue that the impact of the thermal history uncertainty on the WDM particle mass constraint has diminished due to improved independent observations. At the smallest scales, the primary source of modeling systematic arises from the structure in the peculiar velocity of the intergalactic medium and inhomogeneous reionization.
description: 22 pages, 14 figures, 2 tables; published in PRD on Feb 8 2024
Modeling identifies variability in SARS-CoV-2 uptake and eclipse phase by infected cells as principal drivers of extreme variability in nasal viral load in the 48 h post infection
Creators: name: Lai, Samuel K
name: Pickles, Raymond
name: Chen, Alex
name: Forest, M Gregory
name: Pearson, Jason
name: Boucher, Richard C
name: Wessler, Timothy
name: Freeman, Ronit
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2023

description:
The SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus continues to evolve with scores of mutations of the spike, membrane, envelope, and nucleocapsid structural proteins that impact pathogenesis. Infection data from nasal swabs, nasal PCR assays, upper respiratory samples, ex vivo cell cultures and nasal epithelial organoids reveal extreme variabilities in SARS-CoV-2 RNA titers within and between the variants. Some variabilities are naturally prone to clinical testing protocols and experimental controls. Here we focus on nasal viral load sensitivity arising from the timing of sample collection relative to onset of infection and from heterogeneity in the kinetics of cellular infection, uptake, replication, and shedding of viral RNA copies. The sources of between-variant variability are likely due to SARS-CoV-2 structural protein mutations, whereas within-variant population variability is likely due to heterogeneity in cellular response to that particular variant. With the physiologically faithful, agent-based mechanistic model of inhaled exposure and infection from (Chen et al., 2022), we perform statistical sensitivity analyses of the progression of nasal viral titers in the first 0-48 h post infection, focusing on three kinetic mechanisms. Model simulations reveal shorter latency times of infected cells (including cellular uptake, viral RNA replication, until the onset of viral RNA shedding) exponentially accelerate nasal viral load. Further, the rate of infectious RNA copies shed per day has a proportional influence on nasal viral load. Finally, there is a very weak, negative correlation of viral load with the probability of infection per virus-cell encounter, the model proxy for spike-receptor binding affinity.
Staging progressive dissensus and the politics of Black silence: Black Lives Matter, Bernie Sanders, and the August 2015 rally in Seattle
Creators: name: Dilliplane, Daniel
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023

description:
In August 2015, Black Lives Matter activists Mara Willaford and Marissa Johnson interrupted a Seattle rally with a four-and-a-half-minute silent commemoration of Black teenager Michael Brown, preventing presidential candidate Senator Bernie Sanders from speaking. Using a Rancièrean political framework and a methodology of performance-inflected rhetorical criticism, I explore how this silent protest exemplifies what I call “voiced silence” and transfigures a tradition of tactical Black silence as both repression and resistance. I argue the activists staged a scene of dissensus, fracturing the false consensus of the progressive left’s post-racial façade and thereby revealing the presence of two worlds in one.
Mass of quantum topological excitations and order parameter finite size dependence
Creators: name: Delfino, Gesualdo
name: Sorba, Marianna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the spontaneously broken regime of the $O(n)$ vector model in $d=n+1$ space-time dimensions, with boundary conditions enforcing the presence of a topological defect line. Comparing theory and finite size dependence of one-point functions observed in recent numerical simulations we argue that the mass of the underlying topological quantum particle becomes infinite when $d\geq 4$.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures; published version
title: A Constellation of Refusals: Blackness in Contemporary African Video Art
Creators: name: Malatjie, Lorraine Porcia
Publisher: name: Goldsmiths, University of London
Year: 2023

description: This thesis explores the intersection between blackness and African video art. This is achieved through a focus on five case studies produced by African artists in the period between 2010 and 2016. The videos, is i am sky (Dineo Seshee Bopape, 2013), spin and Polyhedra (Pamela Phatsimo Sunstrum, 2014 and 2018 respectively), Concrete Affection – Zopo Lady (Kiluanji Kia Henda, 2014) and Phyllis (Zina Saro-Wiwa, 2010), indicate a concern with the shift in black ontology in the contemporary African imagination. The thesis contemplates the videos through their temporal, visual, sonic and videographic sensibilities and their interventionist meditation on continuous reconfigurations of anti-black existences. The thesis uses the term African video art to describe video artworks made by black African artists with direct links to South Africa, Botswana, Angola and Nigeria. It draws from ongoing black diasporic scholarship about the contemporary condition of blackness – including its formations and resistance against anti-blackness – to indicate how African artists use video to represent and grapple with daily acts of black ontological refusals. In addition to engaging with the work of key black diasporic thinkers, close readings of the videos carry out a corrective appositional reorientation of a discourse of blackness through the cultural politics of the continent. The thesis employs the notion of continental blackness to signal to African experiences of blackness – as opposed to diasporic relationality to the continent – and concludes that, while the selected artists are not immediately recognisable as investigating blackness through obvious and ubiquitous means, they nonetheless contribute to imaginative ways of articulating black people’s lived experiences through innovative ideas of blackness and technology, fugitivity, spectrality, and the social position of witchcraft. In order to conduct the appositional work of rethinking discourses of blackness via the continent, the thesis uses the five videos to inject four potential figures in narratives of continuous refusals: the machine, the fugitive, the spectre and the sorcerer, with the latter employing black feminism to help articulate how gender can communicate hidden forms of black socialisations that are otherwise not visible to us.
X-ray Resonant Scattering Studies of Orbital and Charge Ordering in Pr$_{1-x}$Ca$_x$MnO$_3$
Creators: name: Zimmermann, M. v.
name: Nelson, C. S.
name: Hill, J. P.
name: Gibbs, Doon
name: Blume, M.
name: Casa, D.
name: Keimer, B.
name: Murakami, Y.
name: Kao, C. -C.
name: Venkataraman, C.
name: Gog, T.
name: Tomioka, Y.
name: Tokura, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a systematic x-ray scattering study of the charge and orbital ordering in the manganite series Pr$_{1-x}$Ca$_x$MnO$_3$ with $x$=0.25, 0.4 and 0.5. The temperature dependence of the scattering at the charge and orbital wavevectors, and of the lattice constants, was characterized throughout the ordered phase of each sample. It was found that the charge and orbital order wavevectors are commensurate with the lattice, in striking contrast to the results of earlier electron diffraction studies of samples with $x$=0.5. High momentum-transfer resolution studies of the x=0.4 and 0.5 samples further revealed that while long-range charge order is present, long-range orbital order is never established. Above the charge/orbital ordering temperature T$_o$, the charge order fluctuations are more highly correlated than the orbital fluctuations. This suggests that charge order drives orbital order in these samples. In addition, a longitudinal modulation of the lattice with the same periodicity as the charge and orbital ordering was discovered in the x=0.4 and 0.5 samples. For x=0.25, only long-range orbital order was observed with no indication of charge ordering, nor of an additional lattice modulation. We also report the results of a preliminary investigation of the loss of charge and orbital ordering in the x=0.4 sample by application of a magnetic field. Finally, the polarization and azimuthal dependence of the charge and orbital ordering in these compounds is characterized both in the resonant and nonresonant limits, and compared with the predictions of current theories. The results are qualitatively consistent with both cluster and LDA+U calculations of the electronic structure.
description: 37 pages, 22 figures