Dujardinascaris
Creators: name: Mašová, Šárka
name: Baruš, Vlastimil
name: Seifertová, Mária
name: Malala, John
name: Jirků, Miloslav
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Nematoda
Secernentea
Spirurida
Heterocheilidae
Dujardinascaris

description: Key to the males of Dujardinascaris parasitizing crocodilians
1a. Dujardinascaris (male specimens) parasitizing Old World crocodilians........................................... 2
1b. Dujardinascaris (male specimens) parasitizing New World crocodilians......................................... 14
2a. Spicules equal or slightly subequal in length (difference less than 10% of body length)............................... 3
2b. Spicules markedly (evidently) different in length, the ratio of their lengths 2:1 (0.34–0.40 versus 0.84–0.92); right spicule 9.2–9.7% of body length, left spicule 3.7–4.2% of body length. Gubernaculum (Fig. 5 A) with expanded head, brad shaft, and swollen scoop-like tip. Host: Osteolaemus tetraspis; distribution: Africa.................................. D. petterae
3a. Spicules length less than 3, 5–34% of body length............................................................ 4
3b. Spicules length more than 3, 23–92% of body length.......................................................... 9
4a. Spicules length less than 1.5, 5–15% of body length.......................................................... 5
4b. Spicules length 1.7–3.4, 20–46% of body length............................................................. 7
5a. Spicules length 1.25, 5% of body length. Gubernaculum (Fig. 5 B) dagger-like with narrow anterior “handle”, a straight shaft, and sharp tapering point. Host: Gavialis gangeticus, distribution: India .................................. D. woodlandi
5b. Spicules length 0.90–1.25, more than 10% and less than 16% of body length....................................... 6
6a. Spicules length 0.9–1.20; gubernaculum length 0.18–0.27, tail length 0.12, 44–66% of gubernaculum length. Gubernaculum (Fig. 5 C) bifid proximal part with anterior and posterior expansion in lateral view, shaft straight, and tip blade-like and curved. Host: Crocodylus niloticus, distribution: Africa..................................................... D. puylaerti
6b. Spicules length 1.10–1.25; gubernaculum length 0.15–0.16, tail length 0.10, 62–67% of gubernaculum length. Gubernaculum (Fig. 5 D) with prominent expansion of head region, shaft blade-like and gently curved, and tip sharp, without hook. Host: Crocodylus porosus, distribution: Papua New Guinea ................................................... D. westonae
7a. Spicules length 1.70–2.70, 14–34% of body length; gubernaculum length 0.09–0.24, tail length 0.05–0.21, 55–110% of gubernaculum length........................................................................................ 8
7b. Spicules length 2.66–3.40, 23–46% of body length; gubernaculum length 0.19–0.23, tail length 0.20–0.33, 105–145% of gubernaculum length. Gubernaculum (Fig. 5 E) with narrow head, tapered shaft, distal end with hook, and right angle to shaft. Host: Crocodylus porosus, distribution: Philippines .............................................. D. philippinensis
8a. Spicules length 1.7–2.7, 14% of body length; gubernaculum length 0.19–0.24, tail length 0.21, 87–100% of gubernaculum length. Gubernaculum (Fig. 5 F) with long, rectangular proximal part, straight shaft, and rounded tip. Host: Crocodylus niloticus, distribution: Africa........................................................................ D. gedoelsti
8b. Spicules length 1.7–2.5, 24–34% of body length; gubernaculum length 0.09–0.10, tail length 0.05–0.10, 55–80% of gubernaculum length. Gubernaculum (Fig. 5 G) consisting of head region shaped like rifle-butt, hollow straight tapering shaft, and delicate bent tip with sharp point. Host: Crocodylus johnstoni, distribution: Australia ............................ D. blairii
9a. Spicules length 3.2–13.0, 36–92% of body length; gubernaculum length 0.12–0.34, tail length 0.07–0.25, 27–86% of gubernaculum length....................................................................................... 10
9b. Spicules length 5.0–6.6, 58–73% of body length; gubernaculum length 0.13–0.17, tail length 0.13–0.15, 93–100% of gubernaculum length. Gubernaculum (Fig. 5 H) with expanded and gently curved slender shaft prolonged to a fine tip. Host: Crocodylus novaeguineae, distribution: Papua New Guinea. D. harrisae
10a. Spicules length 6.3, 66–92% of body length; gubernaculum length 0.12, tail length 0.07; 58% of gubernaculum length. Gubernaculum (Fig. 5 I) with expansion on the proximal end, tapering shaft, distal end with hook, and right angles to shaft. Hosts: Crocodylus porosus, C. novaeguineae, C. johnstoni (probably), distribution: Papua New Guinea, Australia ..... D. mawsonae
10b. Spicules length 3.2–13.0, 35–70% of body length; gubernaculum length 0.13–0.34, tail length 0.09–0.25; 27–86% of gubernaculum length....................................................................................... 11
11a. Spicules length 3.5–7.3, 35–67% of body length; gubernaculum length 0.18–0.21, tail length 0.07–0.15; 40–83% of gubernaculum length. Gubernaculum (Fig. 5 J) head with dorsal projection in lateral view, longitudinally riffled straight tapering shaft, and single sharp tip curved to a small hook. Hosts: Crocodylus niloticus, C. cataphractus, distribution: Madagascar, Africa...................................................................................... D. madagascariensis
11b. Spicules length more than 7............................................................................ 12
12a. Spicules length 7.0–12.9, 34–55% of body length; gubernaculum length 0.33–0.34, tail length 0.09–0.12; 27–35% of gubernaculum length. Gubernaculum (Fig. 5 L) relatively long, with dorsal end that has a distinct posterior process, and tip trifurcate. Host: Crocodylus niloticus, distribution: Africa..................................................... D. dujardini
12b. Spicules length less than 7............................................................................. 13
13a. Spicules length 3.2–6.2, 37–51% of body length; gubernaculum length 0.28–0.31, tail length 0.10–0.25; 36–80% of gubernaculum length. Gubernaculum (Fig. 5 K) relatively long, slender, with deeply cleft head, blade-like shaft, and sharp tip. Host: Crocodylus porosus, distribution: Papua New Guinea ................................................. D. angusae
13b. Spicules length 5.1, 46–65% of body length; gubernaculum length 0.15, tail length 0.13; 86% of gubernaculum length. Gubernaculum (Fig. 5 M) is quite short, tip resembling a hypodermic needle, head of gubernaculum elongate and narrow, tip comprising two sharp points, posterior one shorter than anterior and without hook at tip. Host: Crocodylus porosus, C. novaeguineae; distribution: Australia, Papua New Guinea .............................................. D. taylorae
14a. Spicules length less than 1.5, 7–18% of body length......................................................... 15
14b. Spicules length more than 2, 41–66% of body length......................................................... 16
15a. Spicules length 1.1, 17.7% of body length; gubernaculum length 0.10, tail length 0.10; 100% of gubernaculum length. Gubernaculum (Fig. 5 N) hook-like with complex tip, with small expansion at proximal end, thick cylindrical shaft and complex distal end, and composed of cup-like expansion on left side of tip and anchor-like process on right. Host: Caiman crocodylus, distribution: Venezuela ........................................................................ D. chabaudi
15b. Spicules length 0.64–0.80, 7.1–7.2% of body length; gubernaculum length 0.12, tail length 0.11–0.17; 92–141% of gubernaculum length. Gubernaculum (Fig. 5 O) with a hook-like structure at its rounded tip. Host: Caiman crocodylus, distribution: Brazil .......................................................................................... D. paulista
16a. Spicules length 2.2–3.9, 43–46% of body length; gubernaculum length 0.06–0.10, tail length 0.11; 54–100% of gubernaculum length. Gubernaculum (Fig. 5 P) slender with small a non-expanded proximal end, slightly inflated rounded tip, and tapered shaft. Host: Caiman crocodylus, distribution: Brazil, Venezuela ....................................... D. longispicula
16b. Spicules length more than 4.5, 41–66% of body length; gubernaculum length 0.10 and more, tail length 0.13 and more; 115–207% of gubernaculum length....................................................................... 17
17a. Spicules length 4.8–5.9, 41–66% of body length; gubernaculum length 0.10–0.14, tail length 0.13–0.17, 115–127% of gubernaculum length. Gubernaculum (Fig. 5 Q) with expanded proximal part that curved back into posterior process and straight broad shaft tip with curved blade-like point. Hosts: Crocodylus acutus, C. rhombifer, C. moreletii; distribution: Molin (1860) - unknown locality, Cuba, Mexico, Zoos (San Diego, Amsterdam)........................................ D. helicina
17b. Spicules length 5.4–6.7, 48–54% of body length; gubernaculum length 0.14–0.19, tail length 0.20–0.29; 153–207% of gubernaculum length. Gubernaculum (Fig. 5 R) with proximal part expanded and usually cleft by fissure into two rounded processes, shaft of gubernaculum relatively wide and straight, and a tip forked with terminal cuticular bulb. Host: Alligator mississippiensis; distribution: USA .......................................................................... D. waltoni
description: Published as part of Mašová, Šárka, Baruš, Vlastimil, Seifertová, Mária, Malala, John & Jirků, Miloslav, 2014, Redescription and molecular characterisation of Dujardinascaris madagascariensis and a note on D. dujardini (Nematoda: Heterocheilidae), parasites of Crocodylus niloticus, with a key to Dujardinascaris spp. in crocodilians, pp. 261-276 in Zootaxa 3893 (3) on pages 272-273, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3893.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/225877