Chrysodema (Chrysodema) antennata subsp. antennata Saunders 1874
Creators: name: Frank, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Buprestidae
Chrysodema
Chrysodema antennata
Chrysodema (chrysodema) antennata antennata saunders, 1874

description: Chrysodema (Chrysodema) antennata antennata Saunders, 1874
(Figs 26–34, 45, 47, 62, 70, 71, 78)
Chrysodema antennatus Saunders (1874): 313 (original description).
Chalcophora antennata: Kerremans (1885): 125 (catalogue).
Chrysodema antennata: Kerremans (1892a): 37 (catalogue); Kerremans (1892b): 23 (comparison with C. hebes); Kerremans (1903): 74 (catalogue); Théry (1933): 3 (noted); Akiyama & Ohmomo (2000): Pl. 43, Figs 460-1, 460-2 (iconography).
Chrysodema (Chrysodema) antennata: Kerremans (1909): 517 (key), 560 (redescription); Obenberger (1926): 130 (catalogue); Lander (2003): 14 (key), 48 (redescription), 80 (colour Fig. 94); Bellamy (2008): 527 (catalogue).
Chrysodema hebes Kerremans (1892b): 23 (original description); Kerremans (1903): 74 (catalogue); Théry (1933): 4 (noted).
Chrysodema (Chrysodema) hebes: Kerremans (1909): 518 (key), 562 (redescription); Obenberger (1926): 131 (catalogue); Lander (2003): 48 (as synonym of C. (C.) antennata), 80 (colour Fig. 95); Bellamy (2008): 527 (catalogue, in synonymy of C. (C.) antennata), 531 (listed as synonym of C. (C.) antennata).
Chrysodema (Chrysodema) coriacea Kerremans (1919): 46 (original description); Obenberger (1926): 131 (catalogue); Lander (2003): 48 (as synonym of C. (C.) antennata), 80 (colour Fig. 96); Bellamy (2008): 527 (catalogue, in synonymy of C. (C.) antennata), 531 (listed as synonym of C. (C.) antennata).
Chrysodema coriacea: Théry (1933): 3 (noted).
Chrysodema samarensis Fisher (1926): 23 (original description).
Chrysodema (Chrysodema) samarensis: Lander (2003): 48 (as synonym of C. (C.) antennata); Bellamy (2008): 527 (catalogue, in synonymy of C. (C.) antennata), 529 (listed as synonym of C. (C.) antennata).
Type localities. Chrysodema antennata: ‘Mindanao and Camiguin de Mindanao’ [Philippines: Mindanao Island and Camiguin Island]; C. coriacea: ‘Ile Samar’ [Philippines: Samar Island]; C. hebes: ‘De Mindanao (Dr Staudinger, coll. G.-A. Baer)’ [Philippines: Mindanao Island]; C. samarensis: ‘Samar Island, Philippines’.
Type material examined. Chrysodema antennata: LECTOTYPE (present designation): ♂ (23.25 × 8.75 mm; Figs 27, 29–31, 70, 78), ‘ Mindanao | 143 [w(c), h; round] || Mindanao. [w(c), p] || Type [w, p; round, red border] || Saunders | 74-18. [w(c), p] || C. antennatus | Type ♂ ES [w(c), h]’ (BMNH).
PARALECTOTYPES (3 ♀♀): ♀ (27.50 × 10.50 mm), ‘ Camiguin | de | Mindanao | 143 [w(c), h; round] || Camiguin. | de Mindanao. [w(c), p] || Saunders | 74-18. [w(c), p]’ (BMNH); ♀ (24.25 × 9.00 mm), ‘ Philippines | Semper | 143 [w(c), h; round] || Saunders | 74-18. [w(c), p]’ (BMNH); ♀ (25.00 × 9.00 mm), ‘ Philippines | 143 [w(c), h; round] || Saunders | 74-18. [w(c), p] || antennata | K. [w(c), h]’ (BMNH).
All specimens were provided with an additional red printed label: ‘ LECTOTYPE [or PARALECTOTYPE respectively] [sex] | Chrysodema | antennata | SAUNDERS, 1874 | David Frank des. IV. 2021 [date handwritten]’.
Chrysodema hebes: LECTOTYPE (present designation): ♀ (26.25 × 10.00 mm; Figs 28, 32), ‘Mindanao | Staudinger. [w(c), h (Kerremans' handwritting)] || Type [w, p; round; red border] || Kerremans. | 1903-59. [w(c), p] || hebes | Kerremans | Type. [w(c), h (Kerremans' handwritting)]’ (BMNH; figured in Lander (2003: Fig. 95) as holotype of C. antennata var. hebes).
The specimen was provided with an additional red printed label: ‘ LECTOTYPE ♀ | Chrysodema | hebes | KERREMANS, 1892 | David Frank des. IV. 2021 [date handwritten]’ and also white printed label ‘ Chrysodema (Chrysodema) | antennata antennata | SAUNDERS, 1874 | David Frank det. IV. 2021 [date handwritten]’.
Chrysodema coriacea: SYNTYPES (3 ♀♀): 2 ♀♀ (28.25 × 10.50; Figs 33, 47 and 25.50 × 9.50 mm), ‘ Samar | Meyer D. [w, h (Kerremans' handwritting)] || MUSEUM PARIS | COLL. CH. KERREMANS | 1923 [y, p] || TYPE [r, p] | coriacea | Kerr. Type [w, h (Kerremans' handwritting)]’ (MNHN); ♀ (26.00 × 9.50 mm) ‘ Samar | Meyer D. [w, h (Kerremans' handwritting)] || ♀ [w, h] || TYPE [r, p] | coriacea | Kerr. Type [w, h (Kerremans' handwritting)]’ (MNHN).
All specimens were provided with an additional red printed label: ‘ SYNTYPE ♀ | Chrysodema (Chrysodema) | coriacea | KERREMANS, 1919 | David Frank labelled IV. 2021 [date handwritten]’ and also white printed label ‘ Chrysodema (Chrysodema) | antennata antennata | SAUNDERS, 1874 | David Frank det. IV. 2021 [date handwritten]’.
Chrysodema samarensis: HOLOTYPE: ♀ (27.50 × 10.00 mm), ‘Samar | PI [w, p] || 2-vii-24. | coll. R.C.| McGregor [w, p] || Type No. | 28742 | U.S. N.M. [r, p/h] | HOLOTYPE [red letters] | CHRYSODEMA | samarensis | Fisher [w, h/p; red border]’ (USNM).
ALLOTYPE: ♂ (22.75 × 8.25 mm; Figs 34, 45, 71), ‘ Samar | PI [w, p] || 21-6-24. | coll. R.C. | McGregor [w, p] || AllotypeNo. | 28742 | U.S. N.M. [r, p/h]’ (USNM).
AddiTiOnal maTerial examined (15 ♂♂, 64 ♀♀). PHILIPPINES: Philippines, 2 ♀♀ (MNHN); Philippines, 1 ♀ (MNHN, ex coll. Janson); Philippin., v. Möllendorf, 1895 (1 ♂, 1 ♀ IRSN; 1 ♂, 1 ♀ SGBG; 1 ♂ RHMP); Philippine Is., 1910–112, collected by R. McGregor, 2 ♀♀ (BMNH); Phil. Isla, 2 ♀♀ (BMNH); Philippines, 1 ♀ (BMNH); Philippines, 1 ♀ (NMPC, ex coll. Kubáň); Philippines, 1 ♀ (NMPC, ex coll. Lander). CAMIGUIN ISLAND: Phillippinen, Camiguin, 21.xii.1916, G. Boettcher, 1 ♀ (MFNB, ex coll. Moser). DINAGAT ISLAND: Phillip. Islands, Dinagat, Semper, 1 ♀ (BMNH, ex coll. Fry); Dinagat Is., Aug [ust]. 1991, 2 ♂♂ (NMPC, ex coll. Bílý); Dinagat Is., 22.11.1991, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (NMPC, ex coll. Bílý); Dinagat Is., 24.11.1991, 1 ♂ (NMPC, ex coll. Bílý); Dinagat Is., xi.1991, 1 ♀ (NMPC, ex coll. Bílý); Dinagat Is., 7.5.1995, 1 ♂ (NMPC, ex coll. Bílý); Dinagat Is., 15.3.1992, 1 ♂ (DFPC); Dinagat Isl., 15.iii.1992, 1 ♀ (MHNG, ex coll. Lander); Dinagat Isl., 18.iii.1995, 1 ♀ (MHNG, ex coll. Lander); Dinagat Isl., 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (MHNG, ex coll. Lander); Dinagat Is., ix.1991, 1 ♀ (RHMP). LEYTE ISLAND: Phillippinen, Leyte, St. Cruz, x.1915, G. Boettcher, 1 ♀ (MFNB, ex coll. Moser). MINDANAO ISLAND: Mindanao, J. Waterstradt, 1903-1904, 2 ♂♂, 14 ♀♀ (MNHN); Philippinés, Mindanao, 1 ♀ (MNHN); Mindanao, 1 ♀ (MNHN, ex coll. Oberthür); Mindanao, 1 ♀ (NMPC); Mindanao, Zamboanga [without accurate specification], vi.[19]89, 2 ♀♀ (NMPC, ex coll. Bílý); Mindanao, R[Z?]amboanga [without accurate specification], vii.[19]89, 1 ♀ (NMPC, ex coll. Bílý); Mindanao, 25.4.[19]95, Bourdant leg., 1 ♀ (NMPC, ex coll. Bílý); Mindanao, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (RHMP). Lanao del Sur Prov.: Wao, November 2018, 1 ♀ (DFPC). Misamis Oriental Prov.: P.I., Bugo, 1 ♀ (NHMB, ex coll. Frey); Misamis, Balinagsag, Oct [ober]. 2014, 1 ♀ (WBWA). South Cotabato Prov.: Koronadal, Aug. 30 1990, Gadayan, Rivera, Dajay, Frugalidad, 1 ♀ (MHNG); Koronadal, Sept. 1991, Gadayan, Rivera, Dajay, Frugalidad, 1 ♀ (MHNG). Zamboanga del Norte Prov.: Labuan, January 2018, ♂ (DFPC). SAMAR ISLAND: Ile Samar, 3 ♀♀ (MNHN); Samar, vi.-vii.[18]96, J. Whithead, 2 ♀♀ (MFNB, ex coll. Moser, NHMB, ex coll. Frey); Samar, Meyer D., 2 ♀♀ (NMPC, ex coll. Kerremans); Samar, vi.1993, 1 ♀ (NMPC, ex coll. Kubáň); Samar, Eastern Visayan, July 1996, 1 ♀ (NMPC, ex coll. Kubáň); Eastern Visayae, Samar Isl. vi.1993, 1 ♀ (MHNG, ex coll. Lander); Samar, vi.[19]93, 2 ♀♀ (NMPC, ex coll. Bílý); Island Samar, Baker, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (RHMP); Samar, Eastern Visayaz, July 1996, 1 ♀ (SGBG); Samar, 5.6.1999, 1 ♀ (DFPC). Northern Samar Prov.: Easter Visayas, Northern Samar, Lope de Vega, February 2019, 1 ♀ (DFPC). Samar Prov.: Easter Visayas, Samar, Hinabangan, October 2017, 1 ♀ (DFPC).
Redescription of lectotype. Well preserved ♂ specimen, only right antenna missing from antennomere III. Length 23.25 mm, width 8.75 mm, length/width ratio: 2.66.
Body navicular, basic colour of dorsal side is black but it appears gold-green because of dense metallic green macropunctures; ventral side green with golden reflections, legs green.
Head green with black frons.Eyes large, oval,area around eyes densely macropunctate with green macropunctures and densely pubescent. Frons black with green spot at center, sparsely macropunctate with green macro punctures, 1.6× as wide as diameter of eye, impressed with deep medial sulcus, with sparse short pubescence. Vertex green with golden reflections densely macropunctate. Labrum brown, pubescent. Antennae longer than pronotum, serrate from antennomere IV. Antennomeres I and II metallic green with coppery reflections, sparsely macropunctate and pubescent; radicula and antennomere from III brown. Antennomeres III–VI very long. Antennomere IV long triangular, V–X more trapezoidal than triangular, XI oval. Maxillae, labium, maxillary palpi and labial palpi brownblack, densely pubescent.
Pronotum almost rectangular, black with irregular golden macropunctures or groups of macropunctures, moderately densely micropunctate, 1.5× as wide as long. Anterior margin arcuate, lobe not protruding, densely pubescent. Medial line black, micropunctate, without macropunctures. Medial impressions weak and shallow only indicated by denser macropunctation. Principal impressions oval, golden, densely macropunctate and with sparse short pubescence. Lateral impressions golden-green, moderately deep, macropunctate. Lateral margin green. Basal margin moderately bisinuate.
Scutellum small, trapezoidal, green and shiny.
Elytra wider than pronotum at base; widest at basal tenth, moderately narrowing to middle, strongly narrowing from beyond its mid-length to apex, moderately convex in lateral view. Lateral margins arcuate below humeral calli, serrate at apical third. Groups of macropunctures of different sizes contain ca 5–35 macropunctures, arranged in almost regular rows. Black areas between rows of groups of macropunctures appear as weak costae which are interconnected at short intervals, sparsely macropunctate and micropunctate, along suture irregular row of individual macropunctures. The most lateral intervals coherently very densely macropunctate therefore almost entire area is golden-green. Humeral calli moderately furrowed. Epipleura horizontal, broad at basal quarter, green with golden reflections, moderately densely macropunctate and sparsely pubescent.
Legs metallic green; femora and tibiae macropunctate and pubescent more densely on inner side. Inner side of mesotibiae from middle to tarsi very densely and longly pubescent. Tibiae with two apical ventral spurs. Tarsi metallic green, tarsal claws divergent and simple.
Ventral side metallic green with golden reflections. Hypomeron irregularly punctate more coarsely than prosternum. Anterior margin of prosternum densely pubescent. Prosternal process subparallel-sided, narrowed at apex, approximately 2.0× as long as wide, densely and coarsely macropunctate at central part, macropunctures bigger than macropunctures on prosternum, sides sparsely punctate and shiny. Metasternum sparsely punctate and shiny at central part; densely and finely punctate and pubescent on sides. Abdominal ventrites I–III moderately densely punctate at central part, laterally densely punctate and pubescent in entire width. Abdominal ventrites IV–V densely punctate and with short pubescence in entire area. Metallic green and pubescent apical part of sternite IX V-shape bordered at base (Fig. 78).
Aedeagus. Narrowly regularly navicular, widest at mid-length, length: 6.18 mm, width: 1.00 mm, length/width ratio: 6.18. Parameres shortly narrowly open at apex, apices of parameres rounded. Penis distinctly narrowed from beyond its mid-length to apex, striate laminae only at the 2 nd quarter from apex. Apex of penis triangular (Figs 70).
Variation (only specimens from selected localities, see ‘Remarks’). Body ♂♂ (n = 14) length: 20.50–23.75 mm, width: 7.50–8.75 mm, length/width ratio: 2.65–2.83; ♀♀ (n = 55): length: 22.75–29.25 (average 26.18) mm, width: 8.25–11.00 (average 9.66) mm, length/width ratio: 2.55–2.86 (average 2.71). Pronotum usually trapezoidal, rarely almost rectangular. Groups of macropuctures are variable in size as well as in count of macropunctures (2–>40). Colour of macropunctures variable from golden-green to dark brown. Aedeagus (n = 9) length: 5.55–6.18 mm, width: 0.91–1.18 mm, length/width ratio: 5.24–6.20.
Differential diagnosis. Males of all subspecies of C. (C.) antennata have very dense and long pubescence on inner side of mesotibiae from middle to tarsi. Males of C. (C.) antennata antennata have antennae longer than pronotum. From C. (C.) antennata barriesi can be distinguished by shape of penis which is distinctly narrowed from beyond its middle to apex and by V-shaped border of metallic green apical part of male sternite IX (Fig. 78). From C. (C.) antennata obsoleta it can be distinguished by shape of aedeagus which is narrowly navicular. Groups of macropuctures are variable, the other subspecies have groups of macropunctures more or less uniform. For additional characters see Key to species.
Distribution. Philippines: Mindanao, Camiguin (north of Mindanao), Dinagat, Leyte and Samar islands (Fig. 62). Specimens localised from Panay, Luzon and Mindoro islands are problematic (see ‘Remarks’).
Remarks. Saunders (1874) did not specify explicitly how many specimens he had at his disposal when describing C. antennata nor mentioned any depository. Because he mentioned measurements ‘ ♂. Length 11 lines; breadth 4 lines. ♀. Length from 11 lines to 13 lines.. [♂ 23.32 × 8.48; ♀♀ 23.32–27.56 mm]’ and localities ‘ Hab.–Mindanao and Camiguin de Mindanao]’ it is clear that he had more specimens. I found one male specimen in BMNH (Figs 29–31) from Saunders’ collection, from ‘Mindanao’ which has almost identical length and width (23.25 × 8.75 mm) and type label ‘ C. antennatus | Type ♂ ES [w(c), h]’ (Fig. 27). This specimen is designated as a lectotype in order to conserve the status of this taxon and avoid any further misinterpretations.
There are also three females in Saunders’ collection labelled ‘ Camiguin de Mindanao’ (27.50 × 10.50 mm), ‘ Philippines, Semper’ (24.25 × 9.00 mm) and ‘Philippines’ (25.00 × 9.00 mm). According to measures in the description (23.32–27.56 mm) these female specimens are in this range therefore they are also included in the type series as paralecrotypes.
Kerremans (1892b) did not specify explicitly how many specimens he had at his disposal when describing C. hebes. He mentioned only ‘De Mindanao (Dr Staudinger, coll. G.-A. Baer)’, a single length and width measurement ‘Long. 26; lat. 10 mill.’. I found one female specimen in BMNH (Fig. 32) with the label ‘Mindanao | Staudinger’ which has almost identical length and width (26.25 × 10.00 mm) and Kerremans’ handwriting type label ‘hebes | Kerremans | Type. [w, h]’ (Fig. 28). This specimen is designated as a lectotype in order to conserve the status of this taxon and avoid any further misinterpretations. Kerremans (1892b) described C. hebes based on the structure of elytra, matt appearance and non-metallic tarsi. Lander (2003) synonymized C. (C.) hebes with C. (C.) antennata antennata and this synonymy is accepted also by Bellamy (2008). I studied the type specimen of C. (C.) hebes and found all differences are within variability of C. (C.) antennata antennata. Therefore C. (C.) hebes is kept in synonymy of C. (C.) antennata antennata.
Kerremans (1919) did not specify explicitly how many specimens he had at his disposal when describing C. coriacea from Samar Island but he had more specimens than one because he mentioned males as well as females and range of measures ‘Long. 25–28; larg. 8,5-10 10 mill.’. I found three females (25.50, 26.00 and 28.25 mm (Fig. 33)) in MNHN from Samar Is. with Kerremans’ handwriting type labels ‘coriacea | Kerr. Type [w, h]’ (Fig. 47). Since all three specimens morphologically belong to a single species, they are from type locality (Samar Is.) and have Kerremans’ handwritten type labels, there is no need of lectotype designation and I treat them as syntypes. Kerremans (1919) described C. coriacea based on stockier and more convex body, with much larger elytral punctuation and thicker reliefs, the ribs well marked. Lander (2003) synonymised C. (C.) coriacea with C. (C.) antennata antennata and this synonymy is accepted also by Bellamy (2008). I studied three syntypes of C. (C.) coriacea and twenty more specimens from Samar Is. and found all differences are within variability of C. (C.) antennata antennata. Therefore C. (C.) coriacea is kept in synonymy of C. (C.) antennata antennata.
Fisher (1926) described Chrysodema samarensis from twenty two specimens from Samar Island. He wrote ‘This species is closely allied to Chrysodema antennata ...’ and described it based on ‘absence of coppery spots on the elytra, and the reliefs of a violaceous black color...’. Lander (2003) synonymised C. (C.) samarensis with C. (C.) antennata antennata and this synonymy is accepted also by Bellamy (2008). I studied holotype (♀) and allotype (♂; Figs 34, 45) from USNM and found all differences are within variability of C. (C.) antennata antennata. Therefore C. (C.) samarensis is kept in synonymy of C. (C.) antennata antennata.
There are also specimens from Panay Is. (1 ♂ (without aedeagus and antennae), 10 ♀♀; NMPC, MHNG, DFPC), Luzon Is. (1 ♂ (without aedeagus), 12 ♀♀; NMPC, BMNH, MFNB, MHNG, MNCN, DFPC), Romblon Is. (1 ♀ MHNG) and Mindoro Is. (MHNG, IRSN, RHMP, DFPC) which are problematic. The specimens within each series are morphologically very different and some specimens are similar to C. (C.) antennata and others to C. (C.) holynskii. Both male specimens certainly belong to C. (C.) antennata because they have mesotibia densely pubescent with long setae. The male specimen from Luzon has antenna shorter than pronotum (as C. (C.) antennata barriesi) but V-shaped border of metallic green area of sternite IX (as C. (C.) antennata antennata). Some specimens might be wrongly localised therefore recent correctly localised material (including males) is necessary for evaluation of their status. All these specimens were determined ‘ cf. antennata ’or ‘ cf. holynskii ’ respectively but neither listed in list of examined material nor included in variation.
Specimens with locality data China (1 ♀ MNHN, coll. Nonfried), Malaysia, Cameron Highlands (1 ♀ MHNG), Sumatra (1 ♀ MNHN, coll. Nonfried; 1 ♀ MFNB, coll. Moser), New Guinea, Finschhafen (1 ♂ MFNB, coll. Moser) and also from north Borneo (1 ♀ MFNB, coll. Moser from Baram; 2 ♀♀ MNHN from Kudat) are very probably erroneously localised and they are also not mentioned in the list of examined material and variations. All these specimens were determined as C. (C.) antennata antennata.
description: Published as part of Frank, David, 2022, Studies on the genus Chrysodema (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Chrysochroinae) part II., pp. 507-543 in Zootaxa 5214 (4) on pages 520-524, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5214.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/7397816