cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Theoretical and Experimental Studies of Schottky Diodes That Use Aligned Arrays of Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes
Creators: name: Ho, Xinning
name: Ye, Lina
name: Rotkin, Slava V.
name: Xie, Xu
name: Du, Frank
name: Dunham, Simon
name: Zaumseil, Jana
name: Rogers, John A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present theoretical and experimental studies of Schottky diodes that use aligned arrays of single walled carbon nanotubes. A simple physical model, taking into account the basic physics of current rectification, can adequately describe the single-tube and array devices. We show that for as grown array diodes, the rectification ratio, defined by the maximum-to-minimum-current-ratio, is low due to the presence of m-SWNT shunts. These tubes can be eliminated in a single voltage sweep resulting in a high rectification array device. Further analysis also shows that the channel resistance, and not the intrinsic nanotube diode properties, limits the rectification in devices with channel length up to ten micrometer.
description: Nano Research, 2010, accepted
Planar leaky light-guides and couplers
Creators: name: Ulrich, R.
name: Prettl, Wilhelm
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1973
Subjects: subject: Integrated optics - Thin films - Goos-Hänchen effect
subject: 530 Physik

description: A quantitative theory of light propagation in a dielectric slab guide with general cladding media is presented. It is based on a plane wave which bounces in a zigzag fashion along the guide as a result of total or partial reflections at the two surfaces of the film. Two mechanisms are considered which contribute to the attenuation of the guide: losses due to absorption in the slab and cladding materials, and radiation losses if the guide is a leaky one. We point out the significance of the Goos-Hänchen effect for all questions relating to the power flow in the slab guide. The theory is illustrated by discussing dispersion and attenuation of guides with various low-index and high-index claddings, operating above and below cutoff. The low-index leaky guide is considered particularly in detail. Its high attenuation by leakage can be reduced to practically acceptable values (<1d B/cm) by increasing the film thickness to ≳ 40λ. One application of this guide is in the leaky wave coupler. This coupler may be viewed as a prism-film coupler simplified by omission of the gap. It offers a new approach to the problem of broad-band coupling to thin-film light guides.
Additional file 5 of Mechanisms of exposure and response prevention in obsessive-compulsive disorder: effects of habituation and expectancy violation on short-term outcome in cognitive behavioral therapy
Creators: name: Elsner, Björn
name: Jacobi, Tanja
name: Kischkel, Eva
name: Schulze, Daniel
name: Reuter, Benedikt
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 5: Supplementary Table 5. Standardized factor loadings for one-dimensional confirmatory factor analysis model.
Predicting catastrophes in nonlinear dynamical systems by compressive sensing
Creators: name: Wang, Wen-Xu
name: Yang, Rui
name: Lai, Ying-Cheng
name: Kovanis, Vassilios
name: Grebogi, Celso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An extremely challenging problem of significant interest is to predict catastrophes in advance of their occurrences. We present a general approach to predicting catastrophes in nonlinear dynamical systems under the assumption that the system equations are completely unknown and only time series reflecting the evolution of the dynamical variables of the system are available. Our idea is to expand the vector field or map of the underlying system into a suitable function series and then to use the compressive-sensing technique to accurately estimate the various terms in the expansion. Examples using paradigmatic chaotic systems are provided to demonstrate our idea.
description: accepted by PRL
Librarians Matter: A New Materialist Perspective on the Professional Expertise of Liaison Librarians
Creators: name: MELLES, BARBARA ANNE
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 390299
subject: Education policy, sociology and philosophy not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 461006
subject: Library studies

description: This thesis employs a new materialist approach to explore liaison librarians’ professional expertise. It examines the role of liaison librarians teaching students and researchers how to search for and access scholarly literature provided by library platforms. Power over decisions about the preservation of the scholarly record, access to research, measurement of the value of scholarly output, and the future shape of professional and academic work in universities increasingly resides within these platforms. The measuring mechanisms of library platforms have material consequences for academics and students, enacting some as valued and excluding others. University libraries are implicated in this measurement.
On Optimal Deadlock Detection Scheduling
Creators: name: Ling, Yibei
name: Chen, Shigang
name: Chiang, Cho-Yu Jason
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deadlock detection scheduling is an important, yet often overlooked problem that can significantly affect the overall performance of deadlock handling. Excessive initiation of deadlock detection increases overall message usage, resulting in degraded system performance in the absence of deadlocks; while insufficient initiation of deadlock detection increases the deadlock persistence time, resulting in an increased deadlock resolution cost in the presence of deadlocks. The investigation of this performance tradeoff, however, is missing in the literature. This paper studies the impact of deadlock detection scheduling on the overall performance of deadlock handling. In particular, we show that there exists an optimal deadlock detection frequency that yields the minimum long-run mean average cost, which is determined by the message complexities of the deadlock detection and resolution algorithms being used, as well as the rate of deadlock formation, denoted as $λ$. For the best known deadlock detection and resolution algorithms, we show that the asymptotically optimal frequency of deadlock detection scheduling that minimizes the overall message overhead is ${\cal O}((λn)^{1/3})$, when the total number $n$ of processes is sufficiently large. Furthermore, we show that in general fully distributed (uncoordinated) deadlock detection scheduling cannot be performed as efficiently as centralized (coordinated) deadlock detection scheduling.
Good practice guide for reliable PIM measurement of RF electrical signals used in communications systems
Creators: name: Sayegh, Ahmed
name: Entsfellner, Christian
name: Hellmann, Jan
name: Heuermann, Holger
name: Sadeghfam, Arash
name: García-Patrón, Martin
name: Hudlička, Martin
name: Martens, Jon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This work was supported by the European Metrology Programme for Innovation and Research (EMPIR), under the 20IND03 - FutureCom project. EMPIR programme is co-financed by the Participating States and from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme. Funder ID: 10.13039/100014132 , Grant no: 20IND03
Element specific characterization of heterogeneous magnetism in (Ga,Fe)N films
Creators: name: Kowalik, I. A.
name: Persson, A.
name: Niño, M. Á.
name: Navarro-Quezada, A.
name: Faina, B.
name: Bonanni, A.
name: Dietl, T.
name: Arvanitis, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We employ x-ray spectroscopy to characterize the distribution and magnetism of particular alloy constituents in (Ga,Fe)N films grown by metal organic vapor phase epitaxy. Furthermore, photoelectron microscopy gives direct evidence for the aggregation of Fe ions, leading to the formation of Fe-rich nanoregions adjacent to the samples surface. A sizable x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) signal at the Fe L-edges in remanence and at moderate magnetic fields at 300 K links the high temperature ferromagnetism with the Fe(3d) states. The XMCD response at the N K-edge highlights that the N(2p) states carry considerable spin polarization. We conclude that FeNδ nanocrystals, with δ> 0.25, stabilize the ferromagnetic response of the films.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Growing political : how forest-related violence shapes community-based forest management in Cambodia
Creators: name: Grant, Victoria Hollie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Community-based forest management (CBFM) projects support communities to take a central role in managing their local forests. Communities are asked to enforce the exclusion of illegitimate forest users and prevent illicit extraction of forest resources. However, the practices that CBFM aims to reduce (deforestation and illicit extraction of forest resources) are often facilitated by the use of direct violence. In seeking to reduce these practices, some participants in CBFM experience violent conflicts over forest use (hereafter, forest-related violence). Such violence presents a threat to the lives and human rights of CBFM participants and has the potential to undermine the effective implementation of forest conservation activities. Yet, the extent of forest-related violence in community-managed forests, exactly how it manifests, who is involved, or the outcomes of such violence for CBFM participants and their CBFM practices are not well known. This dissertation explores these issues in the case study country of Cambodia. I draw on data collected between May and December 2015 through a national survey of eighteen NGOs involved in CBFM in Cambodia, semi-structured interviews with one hundred and fifty participants in forty CBFM sites, and participant observation in forest patrols and CBFM training sessions. I demonstrate that forest-related violence is widespread across Cambodia affecting seventy-five per cent of CBFM groups interviewed and seventy-two per cent of NGOs surveyed. I argue that these ‘incidents’ of violence are not discrete but, rather, are the manifestation of a succession of violent processes in which Cambodia’s neopatrimonial socio-political system is central. Furthermore, neopatrimonialism facilitates processes of structural and symbolic violence that preclude effective responses to direct forest-related violence. As a consequence, forest-related violence acts as a disciplinary mechanism inciting fear and undermining the effectiveness of CBFM practices. Yet, it also acts as a catalyst for the re-politicization of CBFM practices and re-conceptualization of CBFM participants’ relationships with the environment, other forest users, and the government. Thus, this dissertation directs attention to the lived experience of forest-related violence and exposes the ‘tomorrow of violence’ – the enduring legacies of violence that configure the way people conceptualize themselves, their government, and the international development community.
Release of glucose by Nostoc spec. isolated from the lichen Peltigera horizontalis
Creators: name: Meindl, Doris
name: Loos, Eckhard
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1990
Subjects: subject: Cyanobacteria (Nostoc); glucose transport; lichen (Peltigera); symbiosis
subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: Cultured Nostoc spec. from Peltigera horizontalis excreted in the light between 1% and 3.4% of fixed 14CO2 into the medium, less-than-or-equals, slant0.8% as glucose. A several-fold increase in the rate of release was caused by addition of carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone (FCCP) in the dark, the major component released being glucose. The amount of glucose excreted in the presence of FCCP exceeded the pool of intracellular glucose + glucose 6-phosphate by far, suggesting a glucan as a precursor. A glucan — identified enzymatically with amyloglucosidase — was the main assimilation product which was degraded during excretion of glucose in the dark in the presence of FCCP. Of the free-living cyanobacteria, Nostoc punctiforme also showed glucose release whereas Nostoc muscorum did not. It is concluded that (i) the symbiotic Nostoc spec. can excrete glucose in the absence of the fungal partner, (ii) this release is a passive process being fed by a glucan and (iii) glucose release is not a specific function of symbiotic cyanobacteria.
KRIPTOLOGIYADA AES SHIFRLASH ALGORITIMI TUZILISHI VA ISHLASHI
Creators: name: Kalbayev, Davran
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: AES(Advenced Encryption Standard) dunyodagi eng mashhur va eng keng tarqalgan maxfiy kalit kriptotizimidir. Bu bugungi kunda koʻplab real dunyo ilovalarida ma'lumotlarni shifrlash va shifrini ochish uchun ishlatiladigan kuchli simmetrik blokli shifrdir.
Raman scattering study and symmetry aspects of the phase transition in ferroelastic Sb5O7I
Creators: name: Prettl, Wilhelm
name: Rieder, K. H.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1976
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: The low-frequency Raman spectra of ferroelastic Sb5O7I crystals have been measured for temperatures ranging from 295 K to well above the phase transition at Tc=481 K. A strongly damped soft mode which is present only in the ferroelastic phase and quasielastic scattering from a central line, whose intensity peaks around Tc, are observed. A symmetry analysis shows that the instability of the hexagonal high-temperature phase may be explained by assuming a triply degenerate soft mode belonging to the star of the zone-boundary M point in the Brillouin zone. An expression for the free energy consistent with symmetry is constructed and the relation between the spontaneous elastic strain and the soft-mode amplitudes are determined. Applying this phenomenological theory it is shown that the intensities of several Raman lines, which decrease with rising temperature and vanish above Tc, are a measure of the temperature dependence of the order parameter. The experimental results indicate that the phase transition is weakly discontinuous.
Interference distortion of the 73 cm−1 absorption line in polyethylene
Creators: name: Prettl, Wilhelm
name: Frank, W. F. X.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1979
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: The decrease of the absorption strength of the 73 cm−1 line in polyethylene and the strong antiresonance occuring above 310K at the high frequency side of the line are explained by assuming a Fano type coupling between the 73 cm−1 phonon and a continuum of infrared active vibrational modes. The parameters determining the line shape are deduced from experimental absorption curves and conceivable coupling mechanisms are discussed.
Local Susceptibility of the Yb2Ti2O7 Rare Earth Pyrochlore Computed from a Hamiltonian with Anisotropic Exchange
Creators: name: Thompson, J. D.
name: McClarty, P. A.
name: Gingras, M. J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rare earth pyrochlore magnet Yb2Ti2O7 is among a handful of materials that apparently exhibit no long range order down to the lowest explored temperatures and well below the Curie-Weiss temperature. Paramagnetic neutron scattering on a single crystal sample has revealed the presence of anisotropic correlations and recent work has led to the proposal of a detailed microscopic Hamiltonian for this material involving significantly anisotropic exchange. In this article, we compute the local sublattice susceptibility of Yb2Ti2O7 from the proposed model and compare with the measurements of Cao and coworkers [Physical Review Letters, {103}, 056402 (2009)], finding quite good agreement. In contrast, a model with only isotropic exchange and long range magnetostatic dipoles gives rise to a local susceptiblity that is inconsistent with the data.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures. Accepted for publication in J. Phys.:Condensed Matter, in a special issue dedicated on frustrated magnetism
Enhancement of non-local exchange near isolated band-crossings in graphene
Creators: name: Jung, Jeil
name: MacDonald, Allan H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The physics of non-local exchange interactions in graphene sheets is studied within a $π$-orbital tight-binding model using a Hartree-Fock approximation and Coulomb interactions modified at short distances by lattice effects and at large distances by dielectric screening. We use this study to comment on the strong non-locality of exchange effects in systems with isolated band-crossings at energies close to the Fermi energy. We also discuss the role of lattice scale details of the effective Coulomb interaction in determining whether or not broken symmetry states appear at strong interaction strengths, and in determining the character of those states when they do appear.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, 1 table
Išme-Dagan J (2.5.4.10 et 4.08.a)
Creators: name: Attinger, Pascal
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: sumerian
Translation
Traduction

description: Traduction Išme-Dagan J (2.5.4.10 et 4.08.a) Pascal Attinger, 2019
Advancing Personalized Cancer Care: Regulatory Strategies for Health Canada and FDA Approval of mRNA Vaccines.
Creators: name: Adatiya, Mansi
name: Pirouzi, Peivand
Publisher: name: Crown College of Canada
Year: 2025

description: Health Canada has recognized mRNA technology’s potential, building on its rapid deployment during the COVID-19 pandemic to explore its role in cancer care (Health Canada, 2023). This adaptability positions mRNA as a cornerstone for innovative treatments, aligning with Canada’s emphasis on advancing biologic therapies to address unmet medical needs. Its transient nature ensures safety by avoiding DNA alteration, a priority under Canadian regulatory frameworks. The FDA has similarly embraced mRNA’s success in infectious diseases, catalyzing its oncology applications with a focus on specificity and reduced long term genetic risks. This article outlines a regulatory strategy for securing approval from Health Canada and the FDA, detailing classification, clinical trials, and agency interactions to balance innovation with safety in precision oncology.
Labour migration as a development strategy : policy lessons from the Philippines and Kerala (India) for Nepal
Creators: name: Adhikari, Santosh
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Labour migration emerged after World War II as a national development strategy for developing countries and resulted in a surge of migrants moving across borders and sending back remittances. For developing countries the benefits of labour migration, including the opportunity to deploy surplus unemployed and under-employed workers abroad and to earn remittances. At the household level, such remittances enable families to pay for basic needs and services, including health and education; at the national level, they are the source of capital for productive investment. However, labour migration costs often outweigh the benefits, and these include death and injury overseas while working in dangerous, dirty and demeaning jobs; the “brain-drain” or loss of highly skilled professionals; and the rise in remittance-fuelled conspicuous consumption. This thesis investigates whether this is the case for Nepal, a land-locked, labour surplus, low-middle-income Asian economy. While it is noted that labour migration and remittances have contributed to poverty reduction in Nepal, there is evidence to indicate that it is also paying a high price in terms of deaths and injuries, and growing remittance dependency. Adopting a broad, qualitative, institutional political-economic framework, this thesis analyses the policy options available to Nepal to minimise the costs and maximise the benefits of labour migration. To do this, it investigates labour migration and remittance management in the Philippines and Kerala (India), as well as current practices in Nepal, employing a comparative case study approach. Drawing on the market and policy failure literatures, the thesis argues that Nepal can learn some lessons on how to upgrade its legislation to better protect migrant workers’ rights and welfare in line with the Philippines approach; and develop more attractive arrangements to ensure remittances are more productively invested in development projects in line with Kerala’s approach. However, the lacklustre performance of the Philippines and Kerala to mobilise labour migration for development indicates that merely emulating their policies will not be enough to tackle the identified market failures. Therefore, the thesis recommends that Nepal undertake a participatory governance process in the form of multi-stakeholder policy dialogue to identify the best approaches to balance benefits and costs and ensure labour migration contributes to Nepal’s longer-term development.
A Search for Neutron Star Precession and Interstellar Magnetic Field Variations via Multiepoch Pulsar Polarimetry
Creators: name: Weisberg, Joel M.
name: Everett, John E.
name: Cordes, James M.
name: Morgan, Justin J.
name: Brisbin, Drew G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to study precession and interstellar magnetic field variations, we measured the polarized position angle of 81 pulsars at several-month intervals for four years. We show that the uncertainties in a single-epoch measurement of position angle is usually dominated by random pulse-to-pulse jitter of the polarized subpulses. Even with these uncertainties, we find that the position angle variations in 19 pulsars are significantly better fitted (at the 3 σ level) by a sinusoid than by a constant. Such variations could be caused by precession, which would then indicate periods of ~ (200 - 1300) d and amplitudes of ~(1 - 12) degrees. We narrow this collection to four pulsars that show the most convincing evidence of sinusoidal variation in position angle. Also, in a handful of pulsars, single discrepant position angle measurements are observed which may result from the line of sight passing across a discrete ionized, magnetized structure. We calculate the standard deviation of position angle measurements from the mean for each pulsar, and relate these to limits on precession and interstellar magnetic field variations.
description: Accepted to APJ
Raman scattering investigation of ferroelastic Sb5O7I crystals
Creators: name: Prettl, Wilhelm
name: Rieder, K. H.
name: Nitsche, R.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1975
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: Sb5O7I undergoes a displacive phase transition at 481 K where the symmetry is changed fromC 6h 2 toC 2h 5 . In the low temperature monoclinic phase the crystal is ferroelastic. The polarized Raman spectra of Sb5O7I have been measured at various temperatures below and above the phase transition. The frequencies and symmetries of most of the theoretically expected Raman active phonons in the ferroelastic phase have been determined. The observation of a soft mode in the ferroelastic phase which disappears above the phase transition together with the fact that the unit cell of the ferroelastic phase is twice as large as that of the paraelastic structure permits the conclusion that the phase transition results from a phonon instability at the Brillouin zone boundaryM-point of the hexagonal phase. The temperature dependent splittings and intensity changes of several Raman lines are discussed with respect to the ferroelastic property of the crystal and the phase transition.
Cell-wall-bound lytic activity in Chlorella fusca: function and characterization of an endo-mannanase
Creators: name: Loos, Eckhard
name: Meindl, Doris
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1985
Subjects: subject: Cell cycle - Cell wall (lysis) - Chlorella (cell wall) - Endo-mannanase
subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: A cell-wall-degrading activity was solubilized from young cells and from mother cell walls of Chlorella fusca by treatment with LiCl. The cytoplasmic enzyme hexokinase was not detectable in these extracts. The LiCl-solubilized activity increased in the cell cycle parallel to the release of autospores. The enzyme was purified on a chromatofocusing column followed by gel filtration. Sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacryl amide gel electrophoresis of the purified enzyme revealed a molecular weight of 44 kDa, whereas gel filtration indicated a molecular weight of 25 kDa. Cell-wall-lytic activity and beta-1,4-mannanase activity coeluted in gel filtration and were separated from beta-d-fucosidase activity. The enzyme degraded isolated cell walls and ivory nut mannan primarily to oligosaccharides with an estimated degree of polymerization gE6. The soluble degradation products of the cell wall consisted of 92–96% mannose and 4–8% glucose. It is concluded that the cell-wall-lytic activity is caused by an endo-mannanase. In vivo, this enzyme probably degrades the mother cell wall and, after autospore release, remains bound to it as well as to the surface of the daughter cells by ionic forces. The identity of this bound enzyme with a soluble wall-degrading enzyme previously obtained from mother cells is discussed.
Lipid Droplet Motility Increases Following Viral Immune Stimulation
Creators: name: Monson, Ebony
name: Whelan, Donna
name: Helbig, Karla
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3101
subject: Biochemistry and cell biology
classificationCode: 3107
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Lipid droplets (LDs) have traditionally been thought of as solely lipid storage compartments for cells; however, in the last decade, they have emerged as critical organelles in health and disease. LDs are highly dynamic within cells, and their movement is critical in organelle–organelle interactions. Their dynamics are known to change during cellular stress or nutrient deprivation; however, their movement during pathogen infections, especially at very early timepoints, is under-researched. This study aimed to track LD dynamics in vitro, in an astrocytic model of infection. Cells were either stimulated with a dsRNA viral mimic, poly I:C, or infected with the RNA virus, Zika virus. Individual LDs within infected cells were analysed to determine displacement and speed, and average LD characteristics for multiple individual cells calculated. Both LD displacement and mean speed were significantly enhanced in stimulated cells over a time course of infection with an increase seen as early as 2 h post-infection. With the emerging role for LDs during innate host responses, understanding their dynamics is critical to elucidate how these organelles influence the outcome of viral infection.
The role of correlations in the high-pressure phase of FeSe
Creators: name: Naghavi, S. Shahab
name: Chadov, Stanislav
name: Felser, Claudia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematic study of the high-pressure FeSe phase performed by means of the first-principle electronic structure calculations. Basing on available experimental information about the unit cell geometry we calculate the band structure and characterize the related properties during their pressure driven evolution. The electronic structure including the hybrid functional B3LYP or the Hubbard parameter U for the iron d states lead to the correct semiconducting ground state for the hexagonal stoichiometric FeSe within the broad pressure range (up to 30 GPa).
Atom-Resonant Heralded Single Photons by Interaction-Free Measurement
Creators: name: Wolfgramm, Florian
name: Astiz, Yannick A. de Icaza
name: Beduini, Federica A.
name: Cere, Alessandro
name: Mitchell, Morgan W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the generation of rubidium-resonant heralded single photons for quantum memories. Photon pairs are created by cavity-enhanced down-conversion and narrowed in bandwidth to 7 MHz with a novel atom-based filter operating by "interaction-free measurement" principles. At least 94% of the heralded photons are atom-resonant as demonstrated by a direct absorption measurement with rubidium vapor. A heralded auto-correlation measurement shows $g_c^{(2)}(0)=0.040 \pm 0.012$, i.e., suppression of multi-photon contributions by a factor of 25 relative to a coherent state. The generated heralded photons can readily be used in quantum memories and quantum networks.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Raman scattering investigation and symmetry analysis of ferroelectric/ferroelastic Sb5O7I polytype 2MA
Creators: name: Prettl, Wilhelm
name: Rieder, K. H.
name: Nitsche, R. N.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1979
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: The polytype 2MA (beta-Sb5O7I) has the simplest acentric structure of the antimony oxideiodide family. It undergoes an antiferrodistortive phase transition at 438K and is both ferroelectric and ferroelastic below that temperature. The complete polarized Raman spectra in the ferroic phase have been measured and compared with those of the ferroelastic, centric polytype 2MC (agr-Sb5O7I). Several lines could be attributed to Sb—0 and Sb—I vibrations. A factor group analysis has been performed and compatibility relations have been established connecting phonon species in the low and high temperature phase. As a function of temperature the spectra revealed a strongly temperature dependent central line and several phonon lines whose intensities vanish aboveT c . Using these phonon line intensities the temperature variation of the order parameter could be determined. The experimental results indicate that the phase transition is of first order.
Lipid Droplet Motility Increases Following Viral Immune Stimulation
Creators: name: Monson, Ebony
name: Whelan, Donna R
name: Helbig, Karla
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Lipid droplets (LDs) have traditionally been thought of as solely lipid storage compartments for cells; however, in the last decade, they have emerged as critical organelles in health and disease. LDs are highly dynamic within cells, and their movement is critical in organelle–organelle interactions. Their dynamics are known to change during cellular stress or nutrient deprivation; however, their movement during pathogen infections, especially at very early timepoints, is under-researched. This study aimed to track LD dynamics in vitro, in an astrocytic model of infection. Cells were either stimulated with a dsRNA viral mimic, poly I:C, or infected with the RNA virus, Zika virus. Individual LDs within infected cells were analysed to determine displacement and speed, and average LD characteristics for multiple individual cells calculated. Both LD displacement and mean speed were significantly enhanced in stimulated cells over a time course of infection with an increase seen as early as 2 h post-infection. With the emerging role for LDs during innate host responses, understanding their dynamics is critical to elucidate how these organelles influence the outcome of viral infection.
The impact of national guideline on incident cases of Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in Singapore
Creators: name: Kyaw Zaw Linn
name: Lo, Jamie J.
name: Sengupta, Sharmila
name: Xiaowei, Huan
name: Tse Hsien Koh
name: Cherng, Benjamin Pei Zhi
name: Ang, Michelle
name: Partha Pratim De
name: Krishnan, Prabha Unny
name: Thean Yen Tan
name: Choon, Raymond Fong Kok
name: Pada, Surinder Kaur
name: Chan, Douglas
name: Say Tat Ooi
name: Deepak, Rama Narayana
name: Nares Smitasin
name: Sim, Nancy Tee Wen
name: Koh Cheng Thoon
name: Hsu, Li Yang
name: Lin, Raymond Tzer Pin
name: Teo, Jeanette W P
name: Oon Tek Ng
name: Indumathi Venkatachalam
name: Kalisvar Marimuthu
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: The Singapore Ministry of Health’s guideline for the control of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) was published in November 2013.1 For carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE), the guideline recommends active surveillance for high-risk patients (including those with past hospitalization and epidemiologically-linked contacts) and single room isolation/cohorting for CPE carriers.
Identification of 4-O-methyl-D-xylose as a constituent of the cell wall of Chlorella vulgaris
Creators: name: Brunner, Bernhard
name: Loos, Eckhard
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1985
Subjects: subject: Cell wall; Chlorella; 4-O-methyl-D-xylose
subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: From the cell wall of a strain of Chlorella vulgaris a sugar was isolated after acid hydrolysis and was identified as 4-O-methyl-D-xylose by the following criteria: (i) mass spectroscopy of its alditol acetate revealed characteristic primary fragments with m/e 117 and m/e 261, and, when one deuterium atom was substituted at C-1, with m/e 262 instead of m/e 261; (ii) after demethylation with BCl3, xylose was identified as its parent sugar by chromatographic methods; (iii) L-iditol: NAD 5-oxidoreductase (sorbitol dehydrogenase) catalyzed the oxidation of its alditol, but not of 4-O-methyl-L-xylitol. 4-O-Methyl-D-xylose amounted to approx. 10% of the cell walls' dry weight or 1.6% of the cells' dry weight.
Lasing in localized modes of a slow light photonic crystal waveguide
Creators: name: Yang, Jin-Kyu
name: Noh, Heeso
name: Rooks, Michael J.
name: Solomon, Glenn S.
name: Vollmer, Frank
name: Cao, Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate lasing in GaAs photonic crystal waveguides with InAs quantum dots as gain medium. Structural disorder is present due to fabrication imperfection and causes multiple scat- tering of light and localization of light. Lasing modes with varying spatial extend are observed at random locations along the guide. Lasing frequencies are determined by the local structure and occur within a narrow frequency band which coincides with the slow light regime of the waveguide mode. The three-dimensional numerical simulation reveals that the main loss channel for lasing modes located away from the waveguide end is out-of-plane scattering by structural disorder.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Absence of weak antilocalization in ferromagnetic films
Creators: name: Kurzweil, Noa
name: Kogan, Eugene
name: Frydman, Aviad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present magnetoresistance measurements performed on ultrathin films of amorphous Ni and Fe. In these films the Curie temperature drops to zero at small thickness, making it possible to study the effect of ferromagnetism on localization. We find that non-ferromagnetic films are characterized by positive magnetoresistance. This is interpreted as resulting from weak antilocalization due to strong Bychkov-Rashba spin orbit scattering. As the films become ferromagnetic the magnetoresistance changes sign and becomes negative. We analyze our data to identify the individual contributions of weak localization, weak antilocalization and anisotropic magnetoresistance and conclude that the magnetic order suppresses the influence of spin-orbit effects on localization phenomena in agreement with theoretical predictions.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
The effect of magnesium ions on action spectra for reactions mediated by Photosystems I and II in spinach chloroplasts
Creators: name: Loos, Eckhard
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1976
Subjects: subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: Action spectra were measured for positive changes in variable fluorescence (emission > 665 nm) excited by a beam of 485 nm chopped at 75 Hz. The action of two further beams was compared, one being variable, the other (reference) constant with respect to wavelength and intensity. Comparison was achieved by alternating the reference and the variable wavelength beams at 0.3 Hz and adjusting the intensity of the latter such as to cancel out any 0.3 Hz component in the 75 Hz fluorescence signal. The relative action then was obtained as the reciprocal of the intensity of the variable wavelength beam. Similarly, action spectra were measured for O2 evolution with ferricyanide/p-phenylenediamine as electron acceptor, and for O2 uptake mediated by methyl viologen with ascorbate 3-(p-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea as electron donor in the presence of 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol. Addition of 5 mM MgCl2 increases the relative action around 480 nm for the change in variable fluorescence and p-phenylenediamine-dependent O2 evolution, and decreases it for methyl viologen-mediated O2 uptake with 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol/ascorbate as electron donor in the presence of 3-(p-chlorophenyl-1,1-dimethylurea. The change in variable fluorescence and O2 evolution are stimulated by MgCl2, whereas O2 uptake is inhibited by it. he results are discussed in terms of a model assuming a tripartite organization. of the photosynthetic pigments (Thornber, J. P. and Highkin, H. R. (1974) Eur. J. Biochem. 41, 109–116; Butler, W. L. and Kitajima, M. (1975) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 396, 72–85). MgCl2 is thought to promote energy transfer to Photosystem II from a light-harvesting pigment complex serving both photosystems.
Trust in civil wars : the implications of conflict character and threat on political and social trust
Creators: name: Yaylaci, Sule
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: My research investigates the repercussions of protracted civil wars on bystanders’ political and social trust. The literature is fraught with inconsistent findings on how violence impacts trust. I argue that civil wars have distinct effects on trust primarily because wartime trust formations vary by the character of the conflict (ethnic vs. ideological) and the macro historical dynamics of the country, which together shape collective threat framing. Ethnic wars should induce a higher political trust for politically represented ethnic group via the state discourse’s emphasis on collective threat, even in the presence of personal threat. In ideological wars, a similar discourse on collective threat forwarded by the state is less likely, and in the absence of a higher national threat framing, personal insecurities extending from the war should diminish people’s trust in governing political institutions. Regarding social trust, ethnic violence renders in- and out-group distinctions visible and decreases out-group trust. Alternatively, ideological violence diminishes general trust (trust in unknown others). I deploy mixed-methods, combining case studies and cross-national quantitative data analysis. The two cases are the territorial Kurdish insurgency in Turkey (1984-) and the Maoist insurgency in Peru (1980-1992). I spent six months in each country and conducted archival work, comparative historical analysis, and numerous interviews and focus groups in 2013–2014. To see whether the theoretical predictions and empirical findings from Turkey and Peru can travel beyond their boundaries, I analyzed a pooled time-series cross sectional dataset (1981-2015), using multi-level models. As well as being one of the first qualitative studies of trust in conflict settings, my work is also original in distinguishing between the effects of different types of civil wars on trust, disentangling the impact of collective and personal threat, and showing that the effects vary in the society along ethnic and political lines. My empirical findings also shed light on the generation of collective threat framing using a macro historical lens, and suggest that state-building conditions both the nature of the insurgency, national and ethnic identities, and how the conflict will be framed by the state via the official discourse.
Fermi-edge singularity in the vicinity of the resonant scattering condition
Creators: name: Mkhitaryan, V. V.
name: Raikh, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fermi-edge absorption theory predicting the spectrum, A(ω)\propto ω^{-2δ_0/π+δ^2_0/π^2}, relies on the assumption that scattering phase, δ_0, is frequency-independent. Dependence of δ_0 on ωbecomes crucial near the resonant condition, where the phase changes abruptly by π. In this limit, due to finite time spent by electron on a resonant level, the scattering is dynamic. We incorporate this time delay into the theory, solve the Dyson equation with a modified kernel and find that, near the resonance, A(ω) behaves as ω^{-3/4} |\ln ω|. Resonant scattering off the core hole takes place in 1D and 2D in the presence of an empty subband above the Fermi level; then attraction to hole splits off a resonant level from the bottom of the empty subband. Fermi-edge absorption in the regime when resonant level transforms into a Kondo peak is discussed.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
The elastic behaviour of ferroelastic Sb5O7I polytype 2MC studied by ultrasonic experiments and Brillouin scattering
Creators: name: Rehwald, W.
name: Vonlanthen, A.
name: Rehaber, E.
name: Prettl, Wilhelm
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1980
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: The temperature dependence of the elastic functions of the improper ferroelastic polytype 2MC-Sb5O7I has been investigated in the temperature range from room temperature to well above the structural phase transition atT c=481 K. The stiffnessesc(c*c*),c(a,a),c 22 andc(c*a) show a considerable softening up to 20% aroundT c whereasc 44 remains unaffected by the phase transition. The experimental results are discussed considering cubic and quartic anharmonic coupling between two components of the zone boundary order parameter and elastic waves.
Spin squeezing: transforming one-axis-twisting into two-axis-twisting
Creators: name: Liu, Y. C.
name: Xu, Z. F.
name: Jin, G. R.
name: You, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Squeezed spin states possess unique quantum correlation or entanglement that are of significant promises for advancing quantum information processing and quantum metrology. In recent back to back publications [C. Gross \textit{et al, Nature} \textbf{464}, 1165 (2010) and Max F. Riedel \textit{et al, Nature} \textbf{464}, 1170 (2010)], reduced spin fluctuations are observed leading to spin squeezing at -8.2dB and -2.5dB respectively in two-component atomic condensates exhibiting one-axis-twisting interactions (OAT). The noise reduction limit for the OAT interaction scales as $\propto 1/{N^{2/3}}$, which for a condensate with $N\sim 10^3$ atoms, is about 100 times below standard quantum limit. We present a scheme using repeated Rabi pulses capable of transforming the OAT spin squeezing into the two-axis-twisting type, leading to Heisenberg limited noise reduction $\propto 1/N$, or an extra 10-fold improvement for $N\sim 10^3$.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
The role of RhoA/ROCK signaling in the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy
Creators: name: Nyamandi, Vongai
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2019

description: Diabetic patients have an increased risk of heart failure and sudden death, attributed in part to the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy, defined as ventricular dysfunction independent of hypertension and coronary artery disease. The mechanisms contributing to diabetic cardiomyopathy are not completely understood, but over-activation of the RhoA/ROCK pathway has been identified as a contributor. This research further investigated the roles of cardiomyocyte RhoA and of ROCK2 in the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy. In study one, the effects of heterozygous deletion of ROCK2 (ROCK2+/-) on cardiac function in a CD1 mouse model of type 1 diabetes induced by streptozotocin (STZ) were analyzed, since homozygous ROCK2 deletion is embryonically lethal. Thirteen weeks after diabetes induction, global cardiac function was unchanged in diabetic compared to non-diabetic mice. However, cardiomyocytes isolated from wild-type diabetic mice exhibited arrhythmic Ca²⁺ transients associated with increased ryanodine receptor 2 and CAMKII phosphorylation. These observations were attenuated in ROCK2+/- animals, suggesting that inhibition of ROCK2 may protect against arrhythmogenesis in the diabetic heart. The purpose of study two was to compare the development and progression of cardiac dysfunction in C57BL/6 mice, the strain of mice used in the final study, made diabetic or insulin resistant by dietary intervention and/or STZ treatment. Mice made diabetic with STZ showed the earliest and most severe signs of cardiac dysfunction compared to other models investigated, establishing this as an appropriate model. Given that RhoA is expressed in many different cell types in the heart, the purpose of study three was to analyze the role of cardiomyocyte RhoA in the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy, using mice with inducible cardiac-specific knockdown of RhoA (RhoA-/-). Hearts from diabetic RhoA-/- mice were protected against the development of contractile dysfunction. This was associated with prevention of cardiomyocyte fibrosis, hypertrophy and apoptosis, and with normalization of signaling through the TGF-β pathway, including Smad2 and 3 phosphorylation, and Smad7 expression. Overall, the results demonstrate that deletion of ROCK2 and of cardiomyocyte RhoA protect the diabetic heart. Inhibition of this pathway may be an important therapeutic avenue to decrease the risk of heart failure and sudden death in diabetes.