cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Long-Term Electromethane Production in Continuous Flow Alkaline Microbial Electrolysis
Creators: name: Salehi, Vajiheh
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Geochemistry
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Energy

description: Microbial Power to Gas (P2G) is a promising technology for storing renewable energy in the form of natural gas (methane). Energy storage is necessary because renewable energy is often produced at times when it is not demanded. Methane can be used as a transportation fuel in combustion engines due to its low energy density. Microorganisms can produce methane in a single compartment microbial electrolytic cell at room temperature and neutral pH. However, this technology faces several challenges, including anode corrosion, membrane failure, and the fact that the final product is a mixture of methane, hydrogen and CO2. Here, the performance of a continuous-flow MEC (without a membrane separator) was studied for microbial P2G, while monitoring hydrogen and methane gas production at the cathode, as well as microbial community changes over time, all in a pH 10 medium. A steel cathode was found to be preferred over various carbons, as the carbons changed their morphology and surface chemistry with time. Platinized titanium mesh was developed for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) carried out on stainless steel cathode in order to produce hydrogen necessary for biologically produce methane. The results showed that this alkaline environment is a superior alternative to neutral one for methane production. High rate of hydrogen production was observed in bicarbonate buffer with 97% columbic efficiency. Methane generation reached up to 17 µL/L reactor/day in 1.0 M bicarbonate buffer solution (BBS). Methanobacters a hydrogenotrophic methanogen along with Delta proteobacteria, and Archobacter, an aerobic sulfide, formate and acetate oxidizer, were significantly enriched in MEC. These results showed in this study indicates that inoculation and enrichment procedures are necessary to the initial success of larger-scale systems.
Analysis of gut microbiome 16S data from a threespine stickleback fish common garden experiment
Creators: name: Small, Clayton M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: host-microbe interactions, common garden, evolution, genomics, 16S, gut microbiota, gnotobiology

description: This archive contains data, metadata, code, summary files, and plots that support the findings reported in the paper "Host genomic variation shapes gut microbiome diversity in threespine stickleback fish." The analyses and visualizations captured in the archive include ASV (from 16S amplicon sequencing) data formatting, normalization, differential abundance, and various multivariate statistical approaches to understanding how microbiome diversity is related to host (stickleback fish) genetic diversity. Each main directory in the archive includes a readme file with relevant information.
description: {"references": ["Small & Beck et al. 2022 bioRxiv, doi: 10.1101/2022.11.14.516485"]}
The Interpersonal Context of Co-occurring Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms and Pediatric Chronic Pain: The Role of Parent Responses
Creators: name: Neville, Alexandra
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: pain
subject: posttraumatic stress disorder
subject: Children
subject: adolescents
subject: parents
subject: Psychology--Clinical

description: Introduction: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms occur at elevated rates among youth with chronic pain and their parents and are associated with worse youth pain outcomes. Interpersonal factors, such as parent distress and protective behaviours, have been posited as key mechanisms likely to influence the persistence of pain and PTSD symptoms in youth. Parent responses to youth pain have been shown to be dynamic over time, pointing to the importance of examining the interpersonal context of pediatric chronic pain using an ecological momentary assessment (EMA) approach. Method: The current study adopted a multi-method approach to examine the role of parent protective responses in the relationship between parent and youth PTSD symptoms and youth chronic pain outcomes, among a sample of youth with chronic pain and their parents. Eighty-four youth with chronic pain (70% female, Mage = 14.2 years), recruited from a tertiary level pediatric chronic pain program, and one of their parents, participated. At baseline, youth and one of their parents participated in a diagnostic clinical interview of internalizing mental health symptoms. Youth also completed self-report measures assessing pain intensity, pain interference, pain unpleasantness, and PTSD symptoms. Parents completed self-report measures of their own PTSD symptoms and protective responses to youth pain. Following baseline assessment, youth and parents completed daily electronic assessments of pain and parent protective responses for 7 days. Finally, youth and parents participated in a lab-visit, where parents and youth engaged in a discussion task following youth completion of the cold pressor task. Results: Findings revealed that higher parent PTSD symptoms predicted a stronger daily association between parent protective behaviours and youth pain unpleasantness, but not youth pain intensity or interference. However, parent protective responses measured with a static questionnaire, parents’ stop tendency following an experimental pain task, and pain attending talk during a discussion task following the experimental pain task, were not associated with youth or parent PTSD symptoms or youth pain outcomes. Conclusion: These findings suggest that parent protective responses to youth pain may be an interpersonal mechanism through which parent PTSD impacts children’s chronic pain symptoms. Additionally, EMA methodology may be a more ecologically valid approach to studying pediatric chronic pain.
EVLA Observations Constrain the Environment and Progenitor System of Type Ia Supernova 2011fe
Creators: name: Chomiuk, Laura
name: Soderberg, Alicia M.
name: Moe, Maxwell
name: Chevalier, Roger A.
name: Rupen, Michael P.
name: Badenes, Carles
name: Margutti, Raffaella
name: Fransson, Claes
name: Fong, Wen-fai
name: Dittmann, Jason A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report unique EVLA observations of SN 2011fe representing the most sensitive radio study of a Type Ia supernova to date. Our data place direct constraints on the density of the surrounding medium at radii ~10^15-10^16 cm, implying an upper limit on the mass loss rate from the progenitor system of Mdot
description: Accepted to ApJ
Additional file 1 of The impact of death and dying on the personhood of senior nurses at the National Cancer Centre Singapore (NCCS): a qualitative study
Creators: name: Ho, Chong Yao
name: Lim, Nicole-Ann
name: Ong, Yun Ting
name: Lee, Alexia Sze Inn
name: Chiam, Min
name: Gek, Gillian Phua Li
name: Sarraf-Yazdi, Shiva
name: Mason, Stephen
name: Krishna, Lalit
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Fatter Attraction: Anthropometric and Socioeconomic Matching on the Marriage Market
Creators: name: Chiappori, Pierre A.
name: Oreffice, Sonia
name: Quintana-Domeque, Climent
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Economics
Social sciences--Research

description: We construct a matching model on the marriage market along more than one characteristic, where individuals have preferences over physical attractiveness and socioeconomic characteristics that can be summarized by a one-dimensional index combining these various attributes. We show that under a (testable) separability assumption, the indices are ordinally identified. We estimate the model using data from the PSID. Our separability tests do not reject. We find that among men, a 10% increase in BMI can be compensated by a higher wage of around 3%. Similarly, for women, an additional year of education may compensate up to three BMI units.
Colorado water, December 1996
Creators: name: Brady, Cindy
name: Eyre, Julie
name: Graf, David
name: Miller, Shirley
name: Colorado Water Resources Research Institute, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Water resources development -- Colorado
subject: Water use -- Colorado
subject: Water-supply -- Colorado
subject: Water-supply -- Management -- Colorado

description: The scope of the newsletter is devoted to enhancing communication between Colorado water users and managers and faculty at the research universities in the state.
description: Newsletter of the Colorado Water Resources Research Institute.
Analysis of gut microbiome 16S data from a threespine stickleback fish common garden experiment
Creators: name: Small, Clayton M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: host-microbe interactions, common garden, evolution, genomics, 16S, gut microbiota, gnotobiology

description: This archive contains data, metadata, code, summary files, and plots that support the findings reported in the paper "Host genomic variation shapes gut microbiome diversity in threespine stickleback fish." The analyses and visualizations captured in the archive include ASV (from 16S amplicon sequencing) data formatting, normalization, differential abundance, and various multivariate statistical approaches to understanding how microbiome diversity is related to host (stickleback fish) genetic diversity. Each main directory in the archive includes a readme file with relevant information. "Stickleback_CGmicro_v2" includes added analyses. The first is a post hoc analysis of potential contaminant ASVs. The second is a reworking of genome-wide partial Mantel tests (testing for positive relationships between local genetic and microbiome dissimilarity) to account for overall, genome-wide genetic dissimilarity.
description: {"references": ["Small & Beck et al. 2022 bioRxiv, doi: 10.1101/2022.11.14.516485"]}
Finite Geometry Behind the Harvey-Chryssanthacopoulos Four-Qubit Magic Rectangle
Creators: name: Saniga, Metod
name: Planat, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A "magic rectangle" of eleven observables of four qubits, employed by Harvey and Chryssanthacopoulos (2008) to prove the Bell-Kochen-Specker theorem in a 16-dimensional Hilbert space, is given a neat finite-geometrical reinterpretation in terms of the structure of the symplectic polar space $W(7, 2)$ of the real four-qubit Pauli group. Each of the four sets of observables of cardinality five represents an elliptic quadric in the three-dimensional projective space of order two (PG$(3, 2)$) it spans, whereas the remaining set of cardinality four corresponds to an affine plane of order two. The four ambient PG$(3, 2)$s of the quadrics intersect pairwise in a line, the resulting six lines meeting in a point. Projecting the whole configuration from this distinguished point (observable) one gets another, complementary "magic rectangle" of the same qualitative structure.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure; Version 2 - slightly expanded, accepted in Quantum Information & Computation
Beyond Trending Topics: Real-World Event Identification on Twitter
Creators: name: Becker, Hila
name: Naaman, Mor
name: Gravano, Luis
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Computer science

description: User-contributed messages on social media sites such as Twitter have emerged as powerful, real-time means of information sharing on the Web. These short messages tend to reflect a variety of events in real time, earlier than other social media sites such as Flickr or YouTube, making Twitter particularly well suited as a source of real-time event content. In this paper, we explore approaches for analyzing the stream of Twitter messages to distinguish between messages about real-world events and non-event messages. Our approach relies on a rich family of aggregate statistics of topically similar message clusters, including temporal, social, topical, and Twitter-centric features. Our large-scale experiments over millions of Twitter messages show the effectiveness of our approach for surfacing real-world event content on Twitter.
Sunlight and lung cancer survival in patients diagnosed and referred to the BC cancer agency between 1980 and 1989
Creators: name: Gholamabbas Javan, Asef
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Background Lung cancer is the deadliest form of cancer in the world. Recent reports indicate that patients who are diagnosed and treated, especially with surgery, during sunny periods have better survival. Research questions (objectives) 1) Is there an association between a lung cancer patient’s survival and the amount of sunshine around the time of their diagnosis? 2) Is there an association between a lung cancer patient’s survival and the amount of sunshine around the time of their treatment? Design A population based retrospective study Materials and methods We examined BC patients diagnosed with lung cancer during 1980-1989 and referred to the BCCA for treatment. Data from BCCA computerized medical charts were linked with observations from the BC weather service. Survival analyses were adjusted for patient factors (i.e., age and gender), disease characteristics (i.e., stage and cell histology) and treatment information (i.e., surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy use).Each analysis consisted of a univariate and multivariate test of the sunshine variable’s association with the patients’ survival. The univariate analysis was a Kaplan-Meier plot with log-rank test. The multivariate analysis was the hazard ratio from a Cox proportional-hazards model adjusting for patient age, disease stage, treatment, tumor laterality and tumor presenting site. Results This study considered 9302 patient records. Our results indicate that the monthly mean vitamin D sunshine (UV) index might be a prognostic indicator for this disease, especially among patients with non-small cell lung cancer. It showed that sun exposure and subsequent vitamin D production increase the survival of some of the patient who diagnosed with lung cancer between the period of 1980 and 1989 in BC. Conclusions 90% of active vitamin D in our body is triggered by UV exposure. Different studies have shown that vitamin D has inhibitory effects in the development of cancers such as colon, breast and pancreas. Although the monthly mean vitamin D sunshine (UV) index is an indirect measure of vitamin D exposure, it might affect the prognosis for some lung cancer patients.
Void ratio redistribution in saturated sand during undrained triaxial shearing by x-ray computerised tomography
Creators: name: Thomson, Peter Ryan
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2005

description: Bibliography: p. 219-235
description: Some pages are in colour.
description: A general consensus has not been achieved within the geotechnical community regarding a number of fundamental aspects of undrained sand behaviour. Discrepancies in observed specimen responses have often been attributed microscopic fabric effects that are manifest at the macroscopic (global) level; however, assessments of void ratio redistribution at the intermediate, mesoscopic level within individual specimens during undrained shear have not been reported previously. X-ray computerised tomography (CT) methods and specialised triaxial equipment were developed in this research program to quantify void ratio redistribution within saturated sand specimens during undrained shearing. CT measurements were obtained at several points along the stress path of each specimen without significant removal of axial load. A relationship between CT measurements and bulk density is established and the accuracy of this method is determined. Undrained triaxial compression and extension tests were completed and the wet pluviation and moist tamping specimen reconstitution methods were used. Significant specimen nonuniformities at the end of isotropic consolidation are reported. It is established that significant void ratio redistribution occurred within each specimen during these tests. The term undrained is considered to apply to these tests in only the macroscopic, global sense. The influences of void ratio redistribution on macroscopically observed specimen responses are established. The appropriateness of using macroscopically observed specimen responses near the peaks of undrained effective stress paths to represent soil element behaviour is discussed. Fundamental differences between temporarily strain softening (TSS) behaviour and steady state deformation are established and an underlying mechanism is postulated to explain similarities between mobilised stress ratios during TSS response and steady state deformation. The appropriateness of specimen mean void ratios as estimates of the void ratios within failing zones during undrained triaxial compression and extension is discussed. The findings of this research program provide unique insight into the fundamental aspects of sand behaviour during undrained triaxial shearing. Opportunities for refined test procedures are discussed and recommendations for further investigation are provided.
Outward FDI from Ukraine and its policy context
Creators: name: Kononov, Oleksiy
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Finance
Economics

description: Despite Ukraine's reputation as a poor country with a relatively modest outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) performance, Ukrainian direct investments can be found all over the world, from Europe to Australia. Unfavorable domestic economic conditions and unpredictable political practices, together with a penchant for penetrating closed foreign markets, are among the main OFDI drivers for Ukrainian companies. Ukrainian OFDI declined during the global economic and financial crisis in 200,9 but has begun to recover in 2010 and is forecast to increase thereafter.
Colorado water, July/August 2014
Creators: name: Middleton, Lindsey A.
name: Colorado Water Institute, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Water resources development -- Colorado
subject: Water use -- Colorado
subject: Water-supply -- Colorado
subject: Water-supply -- Management -- Colorado

description: The newsletter is devoted to enhancing communication between Colorado water users and managers and faculty at the state's research universities.
description: Newsletter of the Water Center of Colorado State University. Theme: Fish and wildlife.
Hamiltonian Simulation Using Linear Combinations of Unitary Operations
Creators: name: Childs, Andrew M.
name: Wiebe, Nathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new approach to simulating Hamiltonian dynamics based on implementing linear combinations of unitary operations rather than products of unitary operations. The resulting algorithm has superior performance to existing simulation algorithms based on product formulas and, most notably, scales better with the simulation error than any known Hamiltonian simulation technique. Our main tool is a general method to nearly deterministically implement linear combinations of nearby unitary operations, which we show is optimal among a large class of methods.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures
Structure Activity Relationship Studies of Cytochalasins H and J Isolated from Diaporthe cf. ueckeri and its Acid-mediated Transformation Derivatives
Creators: name: Schmidt, Katharina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Poster presentation by Katharina Schmidt, Blondelle Matio Kemkuignou, Christopher Lambert, Sarah Körber, Lena Schweizer, Elodie Giséle M. Anoumedem, Simeon F. Kouam, Anika Steffen, Jan Faix, Marc Stadler, Yasmina Marin-Felix, Theresia E.B. Stradal
ONEChat: Enabling Group Chat and Messaging in Opportunistic Networks
Creators: name: Cui, Heming
name: Srinivasan, Suman Ramkumar
name: Schulzrinne, Henning G.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Computer science

description: Opportunistic networks, which are wireless network "islands" formed when transient and highly mobile nodes meet for a short period of time, are becoming commonplace as wireless devices become more and more popular. It is thus imperative to develop communication tools and applications that work well in opportunistic networks. In particular, group chat and instant messaging applications are particularly lacking for such opportunistic networks today. In this paper, we present ONEChat, a group chat and instant messaging program that works in such opportunistic networks. ONEChat uses message multicasting on top of service discovery protocols in order to support group chat and reduce bandwidth consumption in opportunistic networks. ONEChat does not require any pre-configuration, a fixed network infrastructure or a client-server architecture in order to operate. In addition, it supports features such as group chat, private rooms, line-by-line or character-by-character messaging, file transfer, etc. We also present our quantitative analysis of ONEChat, which we believe indicates that the ONEChat architecture is an efficient group collaboration platform for opportunistic networks.
Features in the primordial spectrum: new constraints from WMAP7+ACT data and prospects for Planck
Creators: name: Benetti, Micol
name: Lattanzi, Massimiliano
name: Calabrese, Erminia
name: Melchiorri, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We update the constraints on possible features in the primordial inflationary density perturbation spectrum by using the latest data from the WMAP7 and ACT Cosmic Microwave Background experiments. The inclusion of new data significantly improves the constraints with respect to older work, especially to smaller angular scales. While we found no clear statistical evidence in the data for extensions to the simplest, featureless, inflationary model, models with a step provide a significantly better fit than standard featureless power-law spectra. We show that the possibility of a step in the inflationary potential like the one preferred by current data will soon be tested by the forthcoming temperature and polarization data from the Planck satellite mission.
description: V2: 8 pages, 8 figures. Minor changes. Two figures and references added. Matches version published in Phys. Rev. D
Optimal Splitters for Database Partitioning with Size Bounds
Creators: name: Ross, Kenneth A.
name: Cieslewicz, John
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Computer science

description: Partitioning is an important step in several database algorithms, including sorting, aggregation, and joins. Partitioning is also fundamental for dividing work into equal-sized (or balanced) parallel subtasks. In this paper, we aim to find, materialize and maintain a set of partitioning elements (splitters) for a data set. Unlike traditional partitioning elements, our splitters define both inequality and equality partitions, which allows us to bound the size of the inequality partitions. We provide an algorithm for determining an optimal set of splitters from a sorted data set and show that it has time complexity O(k lg_2 N), where k is the number of splitters requested and N is the size of the data set. We show how the algorithm can be extended to pairs of tables, so that joins can be partitioned into work units that have balanced cost. We demonstrate experimentally (a) that finding the optimal set of splitters can be done efficiently, and (b) that using the precomputed splitters can improve the time to sort a data set by up to 76%, with particular benefits in the presence of a few heavy hitters.
Web Accessibility - A timely recognized challenge
Creators: name: Qadri, Jameel A.
name: Banday, M. Tariq
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.5.3

description: Web Accessibility for disabled people has posed a challenge to the civilized societies that claim to uphold the principles of equal opportunity and nondiscrimination. Certain concrete measures have been taken to narrow down the digital divide between normal and disabled users of Internet technology. The efforts have resulted in enactment of legislations and laws and mass awareness about the discriminatory nature of the accessibility issue, besides the efforts have resulted in the development of commensurate technological tools to develop and test the Web accessibility. World Wide Web consortium's (W3C) Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI) has framed a comprehensive document comprising of set of guidelines to make the Web sites accessible to the users with disabilities. This paper is about the issues and aspects surrounding Web Accessibility. The details and scope are kept limited to comply with the aim of the paper which is to create awareness and to provide basis for in-depth investigation.
description: 6 Pages
Colorado water, April 1999
Creators: name: Bartecchi, Dave
name: Carillo, John
name: Miller, Jamie
name: Miller, Shirley
name: Colorado Water Resources Research Institute, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Water resources development -- Colorado
subject: Water use -- Colorado
subject: Water-supply -- Colorado
subject: Water-supply -- Management -- Colorado

description: The scope of the newsletter is devoted to enhancing communication between Colorado water users and managers and faculty at the research universities in the state.
description: Newsletter of the Water Center of Colorado State University.
Improving the Dependability of Machine Learning Applications
Creators: name: Murphy, Christian
name: Kaiser, Gail E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Computer science

description: As machine learning (ML) applications become prevalent in various aspects of everyday life, their dependability takes on increasing importance. It is challenging to test such applications, however, because they are intended to learn properties of data sets where the correct answers are not already known. Our work is not concerned with testing how well an ML algorithm learns, but rather seeks to ensure that an application using the algorithm implements the specification correctly and fulfills the users' expectations. These are critical to ensuring the application's dependability. This paper presents three approaches to testing these types of applications. In the first, we create a set of limited test cases for which it is, in fact, possible to predict what the correct output should be. In the second approach, we use random testing to generate large data sets according to parameterization based on the application's equivalence classes. Our third approach is based on metamorphic testing, in which properties of the application are exploited to define transformation functions on the input, such that the new output can easily be predicted based on the original output. Here we discuss these approaches, and our findings from testing the dependability of three real-world ML applications.
The Join of the Varieties of R-trivial and L-trivial Monoids via Combinatorics on Words
Creators: name: Kufleitner, Manfred
name: Lauser, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The join of two varieties is the smallest variety containing both. In finite semigroup theory, the varieties of R-trivial and L-trivial monoids are two of the most prominent classes of finite monoids. Their join is known to be decidable due to a result of Almeida and Azevedo. In this paper, we give a new proof for Almeida and Azevedo's effective characterization of the join of R-trivial and L-trivial monoids. This characterization is a single identity of omega-terms using three variables.
Deuterium fractionation and the degree of ionisation in massive clumps within infrared dark clouds
Creators: name: Miettinen, Oskari
name: Hennemann, Martin
name: Linz, Hendrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) We aim to determine the degrees of CO depletion, deuterium fractionation, and ionisation in a sample of seven massive clumps associated with IRDCs. The APEX telescope was used to observe the C17O(2-1), H13CO+(3-2), DCO+(3-2), N2H+(3-2), and N2D+(3-2) transitions towards the clumps. The CO molecules do not appear to be significantly depleted in the observed clumps. The DCO+/HCO+ and N2D+/N2H+ column density ratios are about 0.0002-0.014 and 0.002-0.028, respectively. The former ratio is found to decrease as a function of gas kinetic temperature. A simple chemical analysis suggests that the lower limit to the ionisation degree is in the range x(e)~10^{-8}-10^{-7}, whereas the estimated upper limits range from a few 10^{-6} up to ~10^{-4}. Lower limits to x(e) imply the cosmic-ray ionisation rate of H2 to lie between zeta_H2~10^{-17}-10^{-15} s^{-1}. These are the first estimates of x(e) and zeta_H2 towards massive IRDCs reported so far. The finding that CO is not depleted in the observed sources conforms to the fact that they show evidence of star formation activity which is believed to release CO from the icy grain mantles back into the gas phase. The observed degree of deuteration is lower than in low-mass starless cores and protostellar envelopes. Decreasing deuteration with increasing temperature is likely to reflect the clump evolution. On the other hand, the association with young high-mass stars could enhance zeta_H2 and x(e) above the levels usually found in low-mass star-forming regions. On the scale probed by our observations, ambipolar diffusion cannot be a main driver of clump evolution unless it occurs on timescales >>10^6 yr.
description: 23 pages, 9 figures, 10 tables; accepted for publication in A&A
Top effective operators at the ILC
Creators: name: Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.
name: Fiolhais, M. C. N.
name: Onofre, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effect of top trilinear operators in t tbar production at the ILC. We find that the sensitivity to these operators largely surpasses the one achievable by the LHC either in neutral or charged current processes, allowing to probe new physics scales up to 4.5 TeV for a centre of mass energy of 500 GeV. We show how the use of beam polarisation and an eventual energy upgrade to 1 TeV allow to disentangle all effective operator contributions to the Ztt and gamma tt vertices.
description: LaTeX 13 pages. Typos corrected. Final version in JHEP
Establishment and growth responses of whitebark and lodgepole pine populations in a changing climate
Creators: name: McLane, Sierra C.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Climate change will affect the regeneration, growth, survival and distribution of trees. Here, I use common gardens to empirically test establishment, growth and the potential for persistence, adaptation and migration for two iconic North American trees, whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) and lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta ssp. latifolia). Whitebark pine is of conservation concern due to range-wide diebacks, while lodgepole pine is critical to forest productivity and carbon sequestration. Whitebark seeds were planted north of the current range in areas predicted to be climatically suitable through the 2050s; these germinated and survived in varying proportions at all locations. Establishment and growth were positively affected by moderate snow-cover durations, heavier seed weights, and warmer provenance temperatures. Whitebark pine seedlings grown from seeds sown in growth chambers spanning current and predicted-future temperatures demonstrated positive responses to warmer growing seasons. Lodgepole pine seedlings in the same chambers outgrew the whitebark pine seedlings at all but the coldest temperatures. Together, these results suggest that whitebark pine may lose its competitive advantage to other species within its narrow alpine-treeline niche as the climate warms, but that it is capable of establishing in climatically-suitable areas north of its current range. Using tree-ring data from long-term lodgepole pine common garden trials, I built universal growth-trend response functions to forecast future growth trends relative to genetics, climate and tree age. The models predict growth reductions for all populations by the end of the 21st century based on middle-of-the-road climate models, except in far northern areas near and within Yukon, Canada. Analogous models built using summer and winter climate indices indicate that the growth declines are primarily caused by warmer summers, and may be offset by growth increases resulting from warmer winters. I found that populations are most sensitive to annual temperatures and summer aridity, but that sensitivity to climate varies due to local adaptation. Overall, my research will help forest professionals and conservationists forecast changes in forest productivity and species growth and survival under warming temperatures.
Inward FDI in Israel and its policy context
Creators: name: Aharoni, Yair
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Finance
Economics

description: In the first four decades of its existence, Israel was not successful in attracting inward foreign direct investment (IFDI) despite attempts to do so. In the past two decades, Israel have become a haven for multinational enterprises (MNEs) that have taken advantage of its unique assets -- among them a skilled, educated workforce and cutting-edge research-and-development (R&D) capabilities "“ by establishing production lines or R&D centers and acquiring dozens of successful start ups. Israel's IFDI stock sharply increased from US$ 4.5 billion in 1990 to US$ 71.3 billion in 2009. It is expected that IFDI will further accelerate following Israel's accession to the OECD in May 2010 and as more firms from emerging market economies, including China and India, will come to appreciate its characteristics as an ideal locational choice. Israel also weathered the global economic crisis well, even though IFDI declined sharply. Israel actively encourages IFDI, mainly in high technology areas. In 2010, the Government also created special incentives to attract research centers of financial institutions.
Progress on the structure activity relationship of cytochalasins isolated from Xylariaceae impairing eukaryotic actin cytoskeletal iorganization
Creators: name: Lambert, Christopher
name: Shao, Lulu
name: Ekiz, Güner
name: Pourmoghaddam, Mohammad Javad
name: Aime, Mary Catherine
name: Surup, Frank
name: Khodaparast, M. Akbar
name: Krisai-Greilhuber, Irmgard
name: Voglmayr, Hermann
name: Stradal, Theresia E.B.
name: Stadler, Marc
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Plenary Lecture SIG of Mycobiomics presented by C. Lambert
Colorado water, March/April 2018
Creators: name: Mokry, Melissa
name: Colorado Water Institute, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Water resources development -- Colorado
subject: Water use -- Colorado
subject: Water-supply -- Colorado
subject: Water-supply -- Management -- Colorado

description: The newsletter is devoted to highlighting water research and activities at CSU and throughout Colorado.
description: Newsletter of the Colorado Water Center. Theme: Natural hazards.
Colloquium: Hidden Order, Superconductivity, and Magnetism -- The Unsolved Case of URu2Si2
Creators: name: Mydosh, J. A.
name: Oppeneer, P. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This Colloquium reviews the 25 year quest for understanding the continuous (second-order) mean-field-like phase transition occurring at 17.5 K in URu2Si2. About ten years ago, the term hidden order (HO) was coined and has since been utilized to describe the unknown ordered state, whose origin cannot be disclosed by conventional solid-state probes, such as x rays, neutrons, or muons. HO is able to support superconductivity at lower temperatures (Tc ~ 1.5 K), and when magnetism is developed with increasing pressure both the HO and the superconductivity are destroyed. Other ways of probing the HO are via Rh-doping and very large magnetic fields. During the last few years a variety of advanced techniques have been tested to probe the HO state and their attempts will be summarized. A digest of recent theoretical developments is also included. It is the objective of this Colloquium to shed additional light on the HO state and its associated phases in other materials.
description: 25 pages, 16 figures, published in Reviews of Modern Physics
Using JML Runtime Assertion Checking to Automate Metamorphic Testing in Applications without Test Oracles
Creators: name: Murphy, Christian
name: Shen, Kuang
name: Kaiser, Gail E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Computer science

description: It is challenging to test applications and functions for which the correct output for arbitrary input cannot be known in advance, e.g. some computational science or machine learning applications. In the absence of a test oracle, one approach to testing these applications is to use metamorphic testing: existing test case input is modified to produce new test cases in such a manner that, when given the new input, the application should produce an output that can be easily be computed based on the original output. That is, if input x produces output f(x), then we create input x' such that we can predict f(x') based on f(x); if the application or function does not produce the expected output, then a defect must exist, and either f(x) or f(x') (or both) is wrong. By using metamorphic testing, we are able to provide built-in 'pseudo-oracles' for these so-called 'nontestable programs' that have no test oracles. In this paper, we describe an approach in which a function's metamorphic properties are specified using an extension to the Java Modeling Language (JML), a behavioral interface specification language that is used to support the 'design by contract' paradigm in Java applications. Our implementation, called Corduroy, pre-processes these specifications and generates test code that can be executed using JML runtime assertion checking, for ensuring that the specifications hold during program execution. In addition to presenting our approach and implementation, we also describe our findings from case studies in which we apply our technique to applications without test oracles.
How to realize a robust practical Majorana chain in a quantum dot-superconductor linear array
Creators: name: Sau, Jay D.
name: Sarma, S. Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Semiconducting nanowires in proximity to superconductors are promising experimental systems for Majorana fermions, which may ultimately be used as building blocks for topological quantum computers. A serious challenge in the experimental realization of the Majorana fermions is the supression of topological superconductivity by disorder. We show that Majorana fermions protected by a robust topological gap can occur at the ends of a chain of quantum dots connected by s-wave superconductors. In the appropriate parameter regime, we establish that the quantum dot/superconductor system is equivalent to a 1D Kitaev chain, which can be tuned to be in a robust topological phase with Majorana end modes even in the case where the quantum dots and superconductors are both strongly disordered. Such a spin-orbit coupled quantum dot - s-wave superconductor array provides an ideal experimental platform for the observation of non-Abelian Majorana modes.
description: 8 pages; 3 figures; version 2: Supplementary material updated to include more general proof for localized Majorana fermions
Renormalisation group improved leptogenesis in family symmetry models
Creators: name: Cooper, Iain K.
name: King, Stephen F.
name: Luhn, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study renormalisation group (RG) corrections relevant for leptogenesis in the case of family symmetry models such as the Altarelli-Feruglio A4 model of tri-bimaximal lepton mixing or its extension to tri-maximal mixing. Such corrections are particularly relevant since in large classes of family symmetry models, to leading order, the CP violating parameters of leptogenesis would be identically zero at the family symmetry breaking scale, due to the form dominance property. We find that RG corrections violate form dominance and enable such models to yield viable leptogenesis at the scale of right-handed neutrino masses. More generally, the results of this paper show that RG corrections to leptogenesis cannot be ignored for any family symmetry model involving sizeable neutrino and tau Yukawa couplings.
description: 24 pages, 6 figures and 1 table
Report on state and outlook for risk management in EU agriculture
Creators: name: Soriano, Bárbara
name: Bardají, Isabel
name: Bertolozzi-Caredio, Daniele
name: San Martín, Carolina
name: Spiegel, Alisa
name: Slijper, Thomas
name: Rommel, Jens
name: Hansson, Helena
name: Severini, Simone
name: Antonioli, Federico
name: Berry, Robert
name: Kahfagy, Amr
name: Urquhart, Julie
name: Harizanova, Hristina
name: Stoyanova, Zornitsa
name: Coopmans, Isabeau
name: Wauters, Erwin
name: Bilttebier, Jo
name: Neumeister, Delphine
name: Accatino, Francesco
name: Pinsard, Corentin
name: Tudor, Monica
name: Gavrilescu, Camelia
name: Luca, Lucian
name: Izvoranu, Anca-Marina
name: Zawalińska, Katarzyna
name: Jendrzejewski, Błażej
name: Gradziuk, Piotr
name: Bańkowska, Katarzyna
name: Krupin, Vitalyi
name: Ollendorf, Franziska
name: Appel, Franziska
name: Garrido, Alberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: The aim of this deliverable is to find the opportunities to improve risk management to enhance the resilience of EU farming systems. Three specific objectives are defined: 1) Providing an outlook of the risk management strategies in the EU farming systems; 2) Defining the ways to improve risk management strategies; and 3) Assessing the ways through which risk management contributes to resilience. The focus of the resilience analysis is on the farming system, i.e. the resilience assessment considers not only farmers but also the other actors in the farming systems such as farmers’ associations and cooperatives, value chain actors, financial institutions and the public administrations. To reach this end, a multi-stakeholder approach is followed considering two different regional scales: i) at local level to involve stakeholders with experience and knowledge at farming system level; for that purpose focus groups are held in 11case study (CS) regions across Europe; and ii) at European level to engage the participation of the stakeholders with experience and knowledge at European level; a dedicated virtual co-creation platform is developed to enable the on-line participation of EU stakeholders across Europe.
description: EU; en; contact: barbara.soriano@upm.es
Quasi-Polynomial Tractability
Creators: name: Gnewuch, Michael
name: Wozniakowski, Henryk
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Computer science

description: Tractability of multivariate problems has become nowadays a popular re- search subject. Polynomial tractability means that the solution of a d-variate problem can be solved to within ε with polynomial cost in ε−1 and d. Unfortunately, many multivariate problems are not polynomially tractable. This holds for all non-trivial unweighted linear tensor product problems. By an unweighted problem we mean the case when all variables and groups of variables play the same role. It seems natural to ask what is the “smallest” non-exponential function T : [1, ∞) × [1, ∞) → [1, ∞) for which we have T-tractability of unweighted linear tensor product problems. That is, when the cost of a multivariate problem can be bounded by a multiple of a power of T(ε−1,d). Under natural assumptions, it turns out that this function is T pol(x, y) := exp((1 + ln x)(1 + ln y)) for all x, y ∈ [1, ∞). The function T pol goes to infinity faster than any polynomial although not “much” faster, and that is why we refer to Tpol-tractability as quasi-polynomial tractability. The main purpose of this paper is to promote quasi-polynomial tractability especially for the study of unweighted multivariate problems. We do this for the worst case and randomized settings and for algorithms using arbitrary linear functionals or only function values. We prove relations between quasi-polynomial tractability in these two settings and for the two classes of algorithms.
Spectral and topological properties of a family of generalised Thue-Morse sequences
Creators: name: Baake, Michael
name: Gähler, Franz
name: Grimm, Uwe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37B10, 42B10, 52C23, 78A45

description: The classic middle-thirds Cantor set leads to a singular continuous measure via a distribution function that is know as the Devil's staircase. The support of the Cantor measure is a set of zero Lebesgue measure. Here, we discuss a class of singular continuous measures that emerge in mathematical diffraction theory and lead to somewhat similar distribution functions, yet with significant differences. Various properties of these measures are derived. In particular, these measures have supports of full Lebesgue measure and possess strictly increasing distribution functions. In this sense, they mark the opposite end of what is possible for singular continuous measures. For each member of the family, the underlying dynamical system possesses a topological factor with maximal pure point spectrum, and a close relation to a solenoid, which is the Kronecker factor of the system. The inflation action on the continuous hull is sufficiently explicit to permit the calculation of the corresponding dynamical zeta functions. This is achieved as a corollary of analysing the Anderson-Putnam complex for the determination of the cohomological invariants of the corresponding tiling spaces.
description: Dedicated to Robert V. Moody on the occasion of his 70th birthday; revised and improved version
Colorado water, January/February 2017
Creators: name: Mokry, Melissa
name: Colorado Water Institute, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Water resources development -- Colorado
subject: Water use -- Colorado
subject: Water-supply -- Colorado
subject: Water-supply -- Management -- Colorado

description: The newsletter is devoted to highlighting water research and activities at CSU and throughout Colorado.
description: Newsletter of the Colorado Water Center. Theme: Riparian forests: assessing South Platte River phreatophytes following the flood of 2013.