cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Diffusion approximations in population genetics and the rate of Muller's ratchet
Creators: name: Bräutigam, Camila
name: Smerlak, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Diffusion theory is a central tool of modern population genetics, yielding simple expressions for fixation probabilities and other quantities that are not easily derived from the underlying Wright-Fisher model. Unfortunately, the textbook derivation of diffusion equations as scaling limits requires evolutionary parameters (selection coefficients, mutation rates) to scale like the inverse population size -- a severe restriction that does not always reflect biological reality. Here we note that the Wright-Fisher model can be approximated by diffusion equations under more general conditions, including in regimes where selection and/or mutation are strong compared to genetic drift. As an illustration, we use a diffusion approximation of the Wright-Fisher model to improve estimates for the expected time to fixation of a strongly deleterious allele, i.e. the rate of Muller's ratchet.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
Compensation effect in carbon nanotube quantum dots coupled to polarized electrodes in the presence of spin-orbit coupling
Creators: name: Li, Lin
name: Ni, Yang-Yang
name: Fang, Tie-Feng
name: Luo, Hong-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study theoretically the Kondo effect in carbon nanotube quantum dot attached to polarized electrodes. Since both spin and orbit degrees of freedom are involved in such a system, the electrode polarization contains the spin- and orbit-polarizations as well as the Kramers polarization in the presence of the spin-orbit coupling. In this paper we focus on the compensation effect of the effective fields induced by different polarizations by applying magnetic field. The main results are i) while the effective fields induced by the spin- and orbit-polarizations remove the degeneracy in the Kondo effect, the effective field induced by the Kramers polarization enhances the degeneracy through suppressing the spin-orbit coupling; ii) while the effective field induced by the spin-polarization can not be compensated by applying magnetic field, the effective field induced by the orbit-polarization can be compensated; and iii) the presence of the spin-orbit coupling does not change the compensation behavior observed in the case without the spin-orbit coupling. These results are observable in an ultraclean carbon-nanotube quantum dot attached to ferromagnetic contacts under a parallel applied magnetic field along the tube axis and it would deepen our understanding on the Kondo physics of the carbon nanotube quantum dot.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
title: Bilaterale Halsfisteln-Ein Fallbericht
Creators: name: Karapantzou, Chrisanthi
name: Karapantzos, Ilias
name: Mpouras, Nikolaos
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Einleitung: Laterale Halsfisteln gehören mit einem Prozentsatz von etwa 30% zu den zweithäufigsten kongenitalen Fehlbildungen des Halses. Sie sind auf Störungen der Involutionsvorgänge der 2. bis 4. Schlundtasche zurückzuführen.Dadurch kommt es zu einer Persistenz [zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 87. Jahresversammlung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie
Gillespie algorithms for stochastic multiagent dynamics in populations and network
Creators: name: Masuda, Naoki
name: Vestergaard, Christian L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many multiagent dynamics, including various collective dynamics occurring on networks, can be modeled as a stochastic process in which the agents in the system change their state over time in interaction with each other. The Gillespie algorithms are popular algorithms that exactly simulate such stochastic multiagent dynamics when each state change is driven by a discrete event, the dynamics is defined in continuous time, and the stochastic law of event occurrence is governed by independent Poisson processes. In the first main part of this volume, we provide a tutorial on the Gillespie algorithms focusing on simulation of social multiagent dynamics occurring in populations and networks. We do not assume advanced knowledge of mathematics (or computer science or physics). We clarify why one should use the continuous-time models and the Gillespie algorithms in many cases, instead of easier-to-understand discrete-time models. In the remainder of this volume, we review recent extensions of the Gillespie algorithms aiming to add more reality to the model (i.e., non-Poissonian cases) or to speed up the simulations.
description: 25 figures. Elements in the Structure and Dynamics of Complex Networks. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (2023)
title: Schilddrüsenchirurgie in der HNO
Creators: name: Köhler, Torsten
name: Wenger, Martin
name: Tebben, Hendrik
name: Issing, Peter R.
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Einleitung: Während in anderen Ländern die Schildrüsenchirurgie ganz überwiegend durch HNO-Ärzte betrieben wird, ist es in Deutschland nicht selbstverständlich, dass der Otorhinolaryngologe das im Hals gelegene Organ operativ angeht. Wir wollen den aktuellen Stand unserer[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 87. Jahresversammlung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie
Slow persuasion
Creators: name: Escudé, Matteo
name: Sinander, Ludvig
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Theoretical Economics (econ.TH)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: What are the value and form of optimal persuasion when information can be generated only slowly? We study this question in a dynamic model in which a 'sender' provides public information over time subject to a graduality constraint, and a decision-maker takes an action in each period. Using a novel 'viscosity' dynamic programming principle, we characterise the sender's equilibrium value function and information provision. We show that the graduality constraint inhibits information provision relative to unconstrained persuasion. The gap can be substantial, but closes as the constraint slackens. Contrary to unconstrained persuasion, less-than-full information may be provided even if players have aligned preferences but different prior beliefs.
A two step optimization approach for maximizing biosorption of hexavalent chromium ions (Cr (VI)) using alginate immobilized Sargassum sp in a packed bed column
Creators: name: Prabhu, Ashish A.
name: Chityala, Sushma
name: Jayachandran, Dharanidaran
name: Deshavath, Narendra Naik
name: Veeranki, Venkata Dasu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: In the present study, we have demonstrated the application of two-step optimization strategy for hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)) adsorption using Sargassum sp in a packed bed column. ANOVA showed that initial metal concentration has larger impact on sorption efficiency. Application of ANN-GA optimization showed promising results among the models tested. The biosorption efficiency accelerated to 90.79% with Cr (VI) conc = 25 mg L−1, Bed height = 11.97 cm and Flow rate = 5.29 mL min−1. The adsorption mechanism was described using kinetic models where Bed depth service time and Yoon–Nelson model showed a better fit for the experimental data with the correlation coefficient of 0.9.
Computational Associative Memory with Amorphous InGaZnO Channel 3D NAND-Compatible FG Transistors
Creators: name: Sun, Chen
name: Li, Chao
name: Samanta, Subhranu
name: Han, Kaizhen
name: Zheng, Zijie
name: Zhang, Jishen
name: Kong, Qiwen
name: Xu, Haiwen
name: Zhou, Zuopu
name: Chen, Yue
name: Zhuo, Cheng
name: Ni, Kai
name: Yin, Xunzhao
name: Gong, Xiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: 3D NAND enables continuous NAND density and cost scaling beyond conventional 2D NAND. However, its poly-Si channel suffers from low mobility, large device variations, and instability caused by grain boundaries. Here, we overcome these drawbacks by introducing an amorphous indium-gallium-zinc-oxide (a-IGZO) channel, which has the advantages of ultra-low OFF current, back-end-of-line compatibility, higher mobility and better uniformity than poly-Si, and free of grain boundaries due to the amorphous nature. Ultra-scaled floating-gate (FG) transistors with a channel length of 60 nm are reported, achieving the highest ON current of 127 uA/um among all reported a-IGZO-based flash devices for high-density, low-power, and high-performance 3D NAND applications. Furthermore, a non-volatile and area-efficient ternary content-addressable memory (TCAM) with only two a-IGZO FG transistors is experimentally demonstrated. Array-level simulations using experimentally calibrated models show that this design achieves at least 240x array-size scalability and 2.7-fold reduction in search energy than 16T-CMOS, 2T2R, and 2FeFET TCAMs.
description: 50 pages, 20 figures
title: Das subkutane collare Weichteilemphysem nach Zahnbehandlung:  Bagatelltrauma oder doch ein potentiell lebensbedrohliches Krankheitsbild?
Creators: name: Konnerth, Claus-Günther
name: Frankenberger, Kamilla
name: Scholz, Guido
name: Folz, Benedikt
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Einleitung: Halsemphyseme nach zahnärztlicher Behandlung sind seltene Komplikationen. Entlang zervikaler Bindegewebslogen können sich solche Emphyseme unbemerkt bis ins Mediastinum ausbreiten. Im Zeitraum von 28 Monaten mussten 3 Patientinnen nach zahnärztlicher Behandlung aufgrund solcher[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 87. Jahresversammlung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie
Electron microscopical, electrophoretic, enzymological, and physiological studies of the transition from growth to antibiotic production in Penicillium urticae
Creators: name: Scott, Richard Ernest
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 1984
Subjects: subject: QD 377 P4 S34 1985
subject: Penicillium urticae
subject: Penicillium patulum
subject: Microbiological synthesis

description: Bibliography: p. 349-370.
Evidence of nuclear disks in starburst galaxies from their radial distribution of supernovae
Creators: name: Herrero-Illana, R.
name: Pérez-Torres, M. A.
name: Alberdi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galaxy-galaxy interactions are expected to be responsible for triggering massive star formation and possibly accretion onto a supermassive black hole, by providing large amounts of dense molecular gas down to the central kiloparsec region. Several scenarios to drive the gas further down to the central ~100 pc, have been proposed, including the formation of a nuclear disk around the black hole, where massive stars would produce supernovae. Here, we probe the radial distribution of supernovae and supernova remnants in the nuclear regions of the starburst galaxies M82, Arp 299-A, and Arp 220, by using high-angular resolution (< 0."1) radio observations published in the literature (for M82 and Arp 220), or obtained by ourselves from the European VLBI Network (Arp 299-A). Our main goal was to characterize the nuclear starbursts in those galaxies and thus test scenarios that propose that nuclear disks of sizes ~100 pc form in the central regions of starburst galaxies. We obtained the radial distribution of supernovae (SNe) in the nuclear starbursts of M82, Arp 299-A, and Arp 220, and derived scale-length values for the putative nuclear disks powering the bursts in those central regions. The scale lengths for the (exponential) disks range from ~20-30 pc for Arp 299-A and Arp 220, up to ~140 pc for M82. The radial distribution of SNe for the nuclear disks in Arp 299-A and Arp 220 is also consistent with a power-law surface density profile of exponent gamma=1, as expected from detailed hydrodynamical simulations of nuclear disks. Our results support scenarios where a nuclear disk of size ~100 pc is formed in (U)LIRGs, and sustained by gas pressure, in which case the accretion onto the black hole could be lowered by supernova feedback.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
title: Jenaer Erfahrungen mit der Therapie des Zenkerschen Divertikels über 30 Jahre
Creators: name: Koscielny, Sven
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Methodik: Eine retrospektive Analyse von 65 Patienten (41 Männer, 24 Frauen) mit Zenker-Divertikel erfolgte, welche im Zeitraum von 1977 bis 2008 an der Klinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenheilkunde der Universität Jena therapiert wurden.    Ergebnisse/Diskussion: 65 betrachtete Patienten[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 87. Jahresversammlung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie
Connections between the Sznajd Model with General Confidence Rules and graph theory
Creators: name: Timpanaro, André M.
name: Prado, Carmen P. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Sznajd model is a sociophysics model, that is used to model opinion propagation and consensus formation in societies. Its main feature is that its rules favour bigger groups of agreeing people. In a previous work, we generalized the bounded confidence rule in order to model biases and prejudices in discrete opinion models. In that work, we applied this modification to the Sznajd model and presented some preliminary results. The present work extends what we did in that paper. We present results linking many of the properties of the mean-field fixed points, with only a few qualitative aspects of the confidence rule (the biases and prejudices modelled), finding an interesting connection with graph theory problems. More precisely, we link the existence of fixed points with the notion of strongly connected graphs and the stability of fixed points with the problem of finding the maximal independent sets of a graph. We present some graph theory concepts, together with examples, and comparisons between the mean-field and simulations in Barabási-Albert networks, followed by the main mathematical ideas and appendices with the rigorous proofs of our claims. We also show that there is no qualitative difference in the mean-field results if we require that a group of size q>2, instead of a pair, of agreeing agents be formed before they attempt to convince other sites (for the mean-field, this would coincide with the q-voter model).
description: 15 pages, 18 figures. To be submitted to Physical Review
Der Friedhof von Aldaieta in Kantabrien - Zeugnis für ein fränkisches Schlachtfeld des 6. Jahrhunderts?
Creators: name: Böhme, Horst Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Acta Praehistorica et Archaeologica
Year: 2020

description: Acta Praehistorica et Archaeologica, Bd. 34 (2002)
Non Degenerate Dual Atomic Parametric Amplifier: Entangled Atomic Fields
Creators: name: Kumar, Tarun
name: Bhattacherjee, Aranya B.
name: Verma, Priyanka
name: Gevorgyan, Narine
name: ManMohan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate the dynamics of two coupled quantum degenerate atomic fields (BEC) interacting with two classical optical fields in the nonlinear atom optics regime. Two photon interaction produces entangled atom-atom pairs which exhibit nonclassical correlations. Since the system involves the creation of two correlated atom pairs, we call it the nondegenerate dual atomic parametric amplifier.
description: 5 figures
Sex differences in cognitive style
Creators: name: Seagram, Jocelyn Anne, 1954-
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 1985
Subjects: subject: LB 1060 S42 1986
subject: Learning, Psychology of - Study and teaching
subject: Educational psychology - Study and teaching
subject: Cognition
subject: Sex differences (Psychology) - Education

description: Bibliography: p. 107-124.
Economic development in the Calgary region: current practice and future approaches
Creators: name: Seasons, Mark L. (Mark Lawrence), 1953-
Publisher: name: Environmental Design
Year: 1985
Subjects: subject: HD 87.5 S42 1987
subject: Regional planning - Alberta - Calgary Region
subject: Regional economics
subject: Economic development
subject: Calgary Region (Alta.) - Economic conditions

description: Bibliography: p. 295-313.
Sampling Distributions of Optimal Portfolio Weights and Characteristics in Low and Large Dimensions
Creators: name: Bodnar, Taras
name: Dette, Holger
name: Parolya, Nestor
name: Thorsén, Erik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Portfolio Management (q-fin.PM)
subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Optimal portfolio selection problems are determined by the (unknown) parameters of the data generating process. If an investor wants to realise the position suggested by the optimal portfolios, he/she needs to estimate the unknown parameters and to account for the parameter uncertainty in the decision process. Most often, the parameters of interest are the population mean vector and the population covariance matrix of the asset return distribution. In this paper, we characterise the exact sampling distribution of the estimated optimal portfolio weights and their characteristics. This is done by deriving their sampling distribution by its stochastic representation. This approach possesses several advantages, {e.g.} (i) it determines the sampling distribution of the estimated optimal portfolio weights by expressions, which could be used to draw samples from this distribution efficiently; (ii) the application of the derived stochastic representation provides an easy way to obtain the asymptotic approximation of the sampling distribution. The later property is used to show that the high-dimensional asymptotic distribution of optimal portfolio weights is a multivariate normal and to determine its parameters. Moreover, a consistent estimator of optimal portfolio weights and their characteristics is derived under the high-dimensional settings. Via an extensive simulation study, we investigate the finite-sample performance of the derived asymptotic approximation and study its robustness to the violation of the model assumptions used in the derivation of the theoretical results.
description: 40 pages, 4 figures (this version: accepted version manuscript + corrigendum)
title: Arbeitsunfall mit transoraler Pfählungsverletzung, was tun?
Creators: name: Krieger, Tilman
name: Kostka, Ellen
name: Genotte, Tim
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Falldarstellung: Es wird über einen 25-jährigen Patienten berichtet, der sich bei seiner Arbeitstätigkeit als Maler eine Pfählungsverletzung zuzog. Ein Pinsel war im Bereich des rechten oberen Tonsillenpols eingedrungen und hatte den Hals bis in das nuchale Subkutangewebe durchdrungen.[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 87. Jahresversammlung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie
SiGe quantum wells with oscillating Ge concentrations for quantum dot qubits
Creators: name: McJunkin, Thomas
name: Harpt, Benjamin
name: Feng, Yi
name: Losert, Merritt P.
name: Rahman, Rajib
name: Dodson, J. P.
name: Wolfe, M. A.
name: Savage, D. E.
name: Lagally, M. G.
name: Coppersmith, S. N.
name: Friesen, Mark
name: Joynt, Robert
name: Eriksson, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large-scale arrays of quantum-dot spin qubits in Si/SiGe quantum wells require large or tunable energy splittings of the valley states associated with degenerate conduction band minima. Existing proposals to deterministically enhance the valley splitting rely on sharp interfaces or modifications in the quantum well barriers that can be difficult to grow. Here, we propose and demonstrate a new heterostructure, the "Wiggle Well," whose key feature is Ge concentration oscillations inside the quantum well. Experimentally, we show that placing Ge in the quantum well does not significantly impact our ability to form and manipulate single-electron quantum dots. We further observe large and widely tunable valley splittings, from 54 to 239 ueV. Tight-binding calculations, and the tunability of the valley splitting, indicate that these results can mainly be attributed to random concentration fluctuations that are amplified by the presence of Ge alloy in the heterostructure, as opposed to a deterministic enhancement due to the concentration oscillations. Quantitative predictions for several other heterostructures point to the Wiggle Well as a robust method for reliably enhancing the valley splitting in future qubit devices.
description: Main text and supplemental information, 11 pages, 7 figures
An Employment strategy for three Metis settlements in Alberta
Creators: name: Seaton, Hugh William, 1956-
Publisher: name: Environmental Design
Year: 1985
Subjects: subject: FC 117 S42 1986
subject: Metis - Alberta - Employment
subject: Metis - Alberta - Economic conditions

description: Bibliography: p. 143-153.
description: This study focuses on issues and approaches related to economic development in three Metis Settlements in north-central Alberta. Residents of these centres view the lack of an economic base as the main reason underlying their social problems and their dependency on government. This study recommends specific economic incentives to address this concern and to advance community well-being and self-determination. A review of regional development literature shows that traditional approaches (e.g., industrial location grants) have largely bypassed remote communities. Instead, this study advocates the targetting of incentives directly to the client group. A combination of jobs, training and business services is advised as the most direct way to facilitate economic improvements. This advice is given together with the need to understand the diversity of Metis Settlement culture in making economic prescriptions. The study profiles socio-cultural differences so that residents' objectives (and problems) may be dealt with as they exist, not as they might be perceived by outside agencies. A set of policy recommendations is developed that weighs public costs against distributional concerns. A process of administrative transfer (led by the transfer of economic program budgets) is advanced as a cost-effective step in Metis job and business creation. By assuming more control over economic planning, the Settlements become partners in development, not simply clients of an end product. A regional, Metis-operated employment service agency is recommended as the mechanism to achieve this. A major economic proposal for the Metis Settlements is analysed as a case study. A tri-Settlement wood-products plant is critiqued from the perspective of local employment concerns.
title: Patientin mit hypopharyngealer Kikuchi-Fujimoto-Lymphadenopathie (KFD)
Creators: name: Mandrakas, Nikolaos
name: Skevas, Theodoros
name: Stieglitz, Sven
name: Lehnerdt, Götz
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Einleitung: Die Kikuchi-Fujimoto-Lymphadenopathie ist eine kaum bekannte, selbstlimitierende, unterdiagnostizierte Erkrankung mit exzellenter Prognose. Die Differentialdiagnostik unklarer rundlicher Veränderungen im Bereich der zervikalen Lymphknoten läßt bei Patienten jenseits des 40.[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 87. Jahresversammlung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie
A Comparison of women's reactions to non-violent pornography, violent pornography, and erotica
Creators: name: Senn, Charlene Y.
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 1985
Subjects: subject: HQ 471 S44 1986
subject: Pornography - Social aspects
subject: Pornography - Psychological aspects
subject: Women - Alberta - Calgary - Attitudes

description: Bibliography: p. 142-150.
Point vortices and classical orthogonal polynomials
Creators: name: Demina, Maria V.
name: Kudryashov, Nikolay A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stationary equilibria of point vortices with arbitrary choice of circulations in a background flow are studied. Differential equations satisfied by generating polynomials of vortex configurations are derived. It is shown that these equations can be reduced to a single one. It is found that polynomials that are Wronskians of classical orthogonal polynomials solve the latter equation. As a consequence vortex equilibria at a certain choice of background flows can be described with the help of Wronskians of classical orthogonal polynomials.
description: 20 pages, 12 figures
title: Tendinitis calcarea des M. longus colli als Differentialdiagnose des Retropharyngealabszesses
Creators: name: Mansour, Naglaa
name: Bas, Murat
name: Knopf, Andreas
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Einleitung: Bei der Tendinitis calcarea (TC) handelt es sich um Einlagerungen von Kalkherden in die Sehne, die zu Schmerzen führt. Sie ist eine degenerative Veränderung des fibroossären Übergangs. Die Therapie der Wahl ist die Gabe von NSAR. Die Diagnose wird bildmorphologisch gestellt[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 87. Jahresversammlung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie
Anytime Heuristic Search
Creators: name: Hansen, E. A.
name: Zhou, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We describe how to convert the heuristic search algorithm A* into an anytime algorithm that finds a sequence of improved solutions and eventually converges to an optimal solution. The approach we adopt uses weighted heuristic search to find an approximate solution quickly, and then continues the weighted search to find improved solutions as well as to improve a bound on the suboptimality of the current solution. When the time available to solve a search problem is limited or uncertain, this creates an anytime heuristic search algorithm that allows a flexible tradeoff between search time and solution quality. We analyze the properties of the resulting Anytime A* algorithm, and consider its performance in three domains; sliding-tile puzzles, STRIPS planning, and multiple sequence alignment. To illustrate the generality of this approach, we also describe how to transform the memory-efficient search algorithm Recursive Best-First Search (RBFS) into an anytime algorithm.
An asymptotic for the Hall--Paige conjecture
Creators: name: Eberhard, Sean
name: Manners, Freddie
name: Mrazović, Rudi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05B15

description: Hall and Paige conjectured in 1955 that a finite group $G$ has a complete mapping if and only if its Sylow $2$-subgroups are trivial or noncyclic. This conjecture was proved in 2009 by Wilcox, Evans, and Bray using the classification of finite simple groups and extensive computer algebra. Using a completely different approach motivated by the circle method from analytic number theory, we prove that the number of complete mappings of any group $G$ of order $n$ satisfying the Hall--Paige condition is $(e^{-1/2} + o(1)) \, |G^\text{ab}| \, n!^2/n^n$.
description: 58 pages, substantial changes to v1 following referee comments. To appear in Advances in Mathematics
title: Eine traumatische  cervicale Ductus thoracicus Zyste
Creators: name: Mewes, Torsten
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Zystische Raumforderungen des unteren linksseitigen cervicalen Bereiches können unterschiedliche Herkunft und Dignitäten haben. Häufig liegen gutartige Schilddrüsenzysten, aber es kommen u.a. auch zystische Metastasen oder vaskuläre zystisch imponierende Raumforderungen in Betracht.[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 87. Jahresversammlung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie
Dynamical Mode Recognition of Triple Flickering Buoyant Diffusion Flames: from Physical Space to Phase Space and to Wasserstein Space
Creators: name: Chi, Yicheng
name: Yang, Tao
name: Zhang, Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Triple flickering buoyant diffusion flames in an isosceles triangle arrangement were experimentally studied as a nonlinear dynamical system of coupled oscillators. The objective of the study is two-fold: to establish a well-controlled gas-fuel diffusion flame experiment that can remedy the deficiencies of previous candle-flame experiments, and to develop an objective methodology for dynamical mode recognition that is based on the Wasserstein distance between distribution functions of phase points and can be readily generalized to larger dynamical system consisting of more than three flames. By using the present experiment and methodology, we recognized seven distinct stable dynamical modes, such as in-phase mode, flickering death mode, partial flickering death mode, partial in-phase mode, rotation mode, partial decoupled mode, and decoupled mode. These results generalize the literature results for triple flickering flame system in a straight-line and equal-lateral triangle arrangement. The identification or discrimination of two dynamical modes can be quantified as the small or large Wasserstein distance, respectively.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, research article
title: Ausgedehnte zervikale Infektionen mit externer Abszessdrainage
Creators: name: Papaioannou, Vasiliki-Anna
name: Davaris, Nikolaos
name: Arens, Christoph
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Einleitung: Infektionen in den Halsweichteilen können potenziell lebensbedrohlich sein. Es besteht die Gefahr der Ausbreitung in das Mediastinum, der Sepsis und der Einengung der oberen Atemwege.     Material und Methoden: Um den Verlauf der zervikalen Infektionen in unserer Klinik zu analysieren,[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 87. Jahresversammlung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie
Tree-AMP: Compositional Inference with Tree Approximate Message Passing
Creators: name: Baker, Antoine
name: Aubin, Benjamin
name: Krzakala, Florent
name: Zdeborová, Lenka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce Tree-AMP, standing for Tree Approximate Message Passing, a python package for compositional inference in high-dimensional tree-structured models. The package provides a unifying framework to study several approximate message passing algorithms previously derived for a variety of machine learning tasks such as generalized linear models, inference in multi-layer networks, matrix factorization, and reconstruction using non-separable penalties. For some models, the asymptotic performance of the algorithm can be theoretically predicted by the state evolution, and the measurements entropy estimated by the free entropy formalism. The implementation is modular by design: each module, which implements a factor, can be composed at will with other modules to solve complex inference tasks. The user only needs to declare the factor graph of the model: the inference algorithm, state evolution and entropy estimation are fully automated.
description: Source code available at https://github.com/sphinxteam/tramp and documentation at https://sphinxteam.github.io/tramp.docs
CAIXA: a catalogue of AGN in the XMM-Newton archive III. Excess Variance Analysis
Creators: name: Ponti, Gabriele
name: Papadakis, Iossif
name: Bianchi, Stefano
name: Guainazzi, Matteo
name: Matt, Giorgio
name: Uttley, Phil
name: Bonilla, Fonseca
name: Nuria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the results of the first XMM systematic "excess variance" study of all the radio quiet, X-ray un-obscured AGN. The entire sample consist of 161 sources observed by XMM for more than 10 ks in pointed observations which is the largest sample used so far to study AGN X-ray variability on time scales less than a day. We compute the excess variance for all AGN, on different time-scales (10, 20, 40 and 80 ks) and in different energy bands (0.3-0.7, 0.7-2 and 2-10 keV). We observe a highly significant and tight (~0.7 dex) correlation between excess variance and MBH. The subsample of reverberation mapped AGN shows an even smaller scatter (~0.45 dex) comparable to the one induced by the MBH uncertainties. This implies that X-ray variability can be used as an accurate tool to measure MBH and this method is more accurate than the ones based on single epoch optical spectra. The excess variance vs. accretion rate dependence is weaker than expected based on the PSD break frequency scaling, suggesting that both the PSD high frequency break and the normalisation depend on accretion rate in such a way that they almost completely counterbalance each other. A highly significant correlation between excess variance and 2-10 keV spectral index is observed. Both the variability vs. LBol and FWHM_Hbeta correlations are consistent with being just by-products of the correlation with MBH. The soft and medium variability is very well correlated with the hard variability, suggesting that the additional soft components (i.e. soft excess, warm absorber) add a minor contribution to the total variability. Once the variability is rescaled for MBH and mdot, no significant difference between narrow-line and broad-line Seyfert 1 is observed. The results are in agreement with a picture where, to first approximation, all local AGN have the same variability properties once rescaled for MBH and accretion rate.
description: 24 pages, 17 figures; accepted for publication in A&A
Spectral analysis of large reflexive generalized inverse and Moore-Penrose inverse matrices
Creators: name: Bodnar, Taras
name: Parolya, Nestor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A reflexive generalized inverse and the Moore-Penrose inverse are often confused in statistical literature but in fact they have completely different behaviour in case the population covariance matrix is not a multiple of identity. In this paper, we study the spectral properties of a reflexive generalized inverse and of the Moore-Penrose inverse of the sample covariance matrix. The obtained results are used to assess the difference in the asymptotic behaviour of their eigenvalues.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure, a letter/short article
SSIN: Self-Supervised Learning for Rainfall Spatial Interpolation
Creators: name: Li, Jia
name: Shen, Yanyan
name: Chen, Lei
name: NG, Charles Wang Wai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The acquisition of accurate rainfall distribution in space is an important task in hydrological analysis and natural disaster pre-warning. However, it is impossible to install rain gauges on every corner. Spatial interpolation is a common way to infer rainfall distribution based on available raingauge data. However, the existing works rely on some unrealistic pre-settings to capture spatial correlations, which limits their performance in real scenarios. To tackle this issue, we propose the SSIN, which is a novel data-driven self-supervised learning framework for rainfall spatial interpolation by mining latent spatial patterns from historical observation data. Inspired by the Cloze task and BERT, we fully consider the characteristics of spatial interpolation and design the SpaFormer model based on the Transformer architecture as the core of SSIN. Our main idea is: by constructing rich self-supervision signals via random masking, SpaFormer can learn informative embeddings for raw data and then adaptively model spatial correlations based on rainfall spatial context. Extensive experiments on two real-world raingauge datasets show that our method outperforms the state-of-the-art solutions. In addition, we take traffic spatial interpolation as another use case to further explore the performance of our method, and SpaFormer achieves the best performance on one large real-world traffic dataset, which further confirms the effectiveness and generality of our method.
description: SIGMOD 2023 Data-intensive Applications (DIA) Track; Code is available at https://github.com/jlidw/SSIN
Boundaries of quantum supremacy via random circuit sampling
Creators: name: Zlokapa, Alexander
name: Boixo, Sergio
name: Lidar, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Google's recent quantum supremacy experiment heralded a transition point where quantum computing performed a computational task, random circuit sampling, that is beyond the practical reach of modern supercomputers. We examine the constraints of the observed quantum runtime advantage in an extrapolation to circuits with a larger number of qubits and gates. Due to the exponential decrease of the experimental fidelity with the number of qubits and gates, we demonstrate for current fidelities a theoretical classical runtime advantage for circuits deeper than a few hundred gates, while quantum runtimes for cross-entropy benchmarking limit the region of a quantum advantage to a few hundred qubits. However, the quantum runtime advantage boundary in circuit width and depth grows exponentially with respect to reduced error rates, and our work highlights the importance of continued progress along this line. Extrapolations of measured error rates suggest that the limiting circuit size for which a computationally feasible quantum runtime advantage in cross-entropy benchmarking can be achieved approximately coincides with expectations for early implementations of the surface code and other quantum error correction methods. Thus the boundaries of quantum supremacy via random circuit sampling may fortuitously coincide with the advent of scalable, error corrected quantum computing in the near term.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Quantum Capsule Networks
Creators: name: Liu, Zidu
name: Shen, Pei-Xin
name: Li, Weikang
name: Duan, L. -M.
name: Deng, Dong-Ling
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Capsule networks, which incorporate the paradigms of connectionism and symbolism, have brought fresh insights into artificial intelligence. The capsule, as the building block of capsule networks, is a group of neurons represented by a vector to encode different features of an entity. The information is extracted hierarchically through capsule layers via routing algorithms. Here, we introduce a quantum capsule network (dubbed QCapsNet) together with an efficient quantum dynamic routing algorithm. To benchmark the performance of the QCapsNet, we carry out extensive numerical simulations on the classification of handwritten digits and symmetry-protected topological phases, and show that the QCapsNet can achieve an enhanced accuracy and outperform conventional quantum classifiers evidently. We further unpack the output capsule state and find that a particular subspace may correspond to a human-understandable feature of the input data, which indicates the potential explainability of such networks. Our work reveals an intriguing prospect of quantum capsule networks in quantum machine learning, which may provide a valuable guide towards explainable quantum artificial intelligence.
description: 7 pages (main text) + 8 pages (supplementary information), 8 figures
Adiabaticity in nonreciprocal Landau-Zener tunneling
Creators: name: Wang, Wen-Yuan
name: Sun, Bin
name: Liu, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the Landau-Zener tunneling (LZT) of a self-interacting two-level system in which the coupling between the levels is nonreciprocal. In such a non-Hermitian system, when the energy bias between two levels is adjusted very slowly, i.e., in the adiabatic limit, we find that a quantum state can still closely follow the eigenstate solution until it encounters the exceptional points (EPs) at which two eigenvalues and their corresponding eigenvectors coalesce. In the absence of the nonlinear self-interaction, we can obtain explicit expressions for the eigenvectors and eigenvalues and analytically derive the adiabatic LZT probability from invariants at EPs. In the presence of the nonlinear interaction, the dynamics of the adiabatic evolutions are explicitly demonstrated with the help of classical trajectories in the plane of the two canonical variables of the corresponding classical Josephson Hamiltonian. We show that the adiabatic tunneling probabilities can be precisely predicted by the classical action at EPs in the weak nonreciprocal regime. In a certain region of strong nonreciprocity, we find that interestingly, the nonlinear interaction effects can be completely suppressed so that the adiabatic tunneling probabilities are identical to their linear counterparts. We also obtain a phase diagram for large ranges of nonreciprocity and nonlinear interaction parameters to explicitly demonstrate where the adiabaticity can break down, i.e., the emergence of the nonzero tunneling probabilities even in adiabatic limit.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
Numerical techniques for processing airborne gradiometer data
Creators: name: Vassiliou, Anthony, 1959-
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 1986
Subjects: subject: QB 331 V46 1987
subject: Gravity anomalies
subject: Gravity - Measurement
subject: Gravimeter (Geophysical instrument)
subject: Fourier transformations

description: Bibliography: p. 115-123.
QuGIT: a numerical toolbox for Gaussian quantum states
Creators: name: Brandão, Igor
name: Tandeitnik, Daniel
name: Guerreiro, Thiago
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Simulating quantum states on a classical computer is hard, typically requiring prohibitive resources in terms of memory and computational power. Efficient simulation, however, can be achieved for certain classes of quantum states, in particular the so-called Gaussian quantum states of continuous variable systems. In this work we introduce QuGIT - a python numerical toolbox based on symplectic methods specialized in efficiently simulating multimode Gaussian states and operations. QuGIT is exact, requiring no truncation of Hilbert space, and provides a wide range of Gaussian operations on arbitrary Gaussian states, including unitaries, partial traces, tensor products, general-dyne measurements, conditional and unconditional dynamics. To illustrate the toolbox, several examples of usage relevant to quantum optics and optomechanics are described.
Fritz Fremersdorf. Römische Gläser aus Köln. Überblick über die Bestände der Römisch-Germanischen Abteilung des Wallraf-Richartz-Museums
Creators: name: Rademacher, Franz
Publisher: name: Bonner Jahrbücher
Year: 2020

description: Rezension zu: Fritz Fremersdorf. Römische Gläser aus Köln. Überblick über die Bestände der Römisch-Germanischen Abteilung des Wallraf-Richartz-Museums. Schriften der Röm.-Germ. Abteilung des Wallraf-Richartz-Museums Köln, Heft 2. Köln und Leipzig (Volker-Verlag) 1939. 31 Seiten und 48 Tafeln
description: Bonner Jahrbücher, Bd. 145 (1940): Bonner Jahrbücher des Vereins von Altertumsfreunden im Rheinlande und des Rheinischen Provinzialmuseums in Bonn
Statistical inference for the EU portfolio in high dimensions
Creators: name: Bodnar, Taras
name: Dmytriv, Solomiia
name: Okhrin, Yarema
name: Parolya, Nestor
name: Schmid, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Portfolio Management (q-fin.PM)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, using the shrinkage-based approach for portfolio weights and modern results from random matrix theory we construct an effective procedure for testing the efficiency of the expected utility (EU) portfolio and discuss the asymptotic behavior of the proposed test statistic under the high-dimensional asymptotic regime, namely when the number of assets $p$ increases at the same rate as the sample size $n$ such that their ratio $p/n$ approaches a positive constant $c\in(0,1)$ as $n\to\infty$. We provide an extensive simulation study where the power function and receiver operating characteristic curves of the test are analyzed. In the empirical study, the methodology is applied to the returns of S\&P 500 constituents.
description: 27 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables