cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 2 of Benefits and harms of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines: systematic review with meta-analyses of trial data from clinical study reports
Creators: name: Jørgensen, Lars
name: Gøtzsche, Peter
name: Jefferson, Tom
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Benefits and harms of the HPV vaccines—characteristics of included studies. (DOCX 121 kb)
Many hands on deck: Working with communities to monitor lake water quality.
Creators: name: Millar, Edward
name: Klug, Jennifer L.
name: Fichter, June
name: Rees, Terry
name: White, Rebekah
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Millar E, Klug JL, Fichter J, Rees T, White R. 2022. Many hands on deck: Working with communities to monitor lake water quality. SILnews 79: 13-14.
Bose-Einstein Condensation Temperature of Homogenous Weakly Interacting Bose Gas in Variational Perturbation Theory Through Seven Loops
Creators: name: Kastening, Boris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The shift of the Bose-Einstein condensation temperature for a homogenous weakly interacting Bose gas in leading order in the scattering length `a' is computed for given particle density `n.' Variational perturbation theory is used to resum the corresponding perturbative series for Delta/Nu in a classical three-dimensional scalar field theory with coupling `u' and where the physical case of N=2 field components is generalized to arbitrary N. Our results for N=1,2,4 are in agreement with recent Monte-Carlo simulations; for N=2, we obtain Delta T_c/T_c = 1.27 +/- 0.11 a n^(1/3). We use seven-loop perturbative coefficients, extending earlier work by one loop order.
description: 8 pages; typos and errors of presentation fixed; beautifications; results unchanged
Gender analysis of constraints to get vegetable production in Ondo State, Nigeria
Creators: name: Deji, O. F.
name: Koledoye, G. F.
name: Owombo, P. T.
name: Deji, O. F.
name: Koledoye, G. F.
name: Owombo, P. T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Constraints
subject: vegetable production
subject: gender

description: Vegetable cultivation has become a highly commercialised enterprise, but with a wide gap between current production and potential production. The study therefore assessed the constraints facing vegetable production on gender basis. The study was conducted in the two Ondo State’s ADP agro-ecological zones. A two-stage sampling technique was used as a framework for selecting the respondents. The first stage involved a random selection of ten ADP’s villages from each of the agro-ecological zones while the second stage involved a random selection of six ADP vegetable farmers from each of the selected villages making a total of one hundred and twenty respondents for the study. However, one hundred and seventeen interviewed schedules were suitable for analysis. The findings revealed that majority of the vegetable farmers were found in age group of 30-60 years with a mean age of 46.87 and the mean household size was found to be 6.38 persons per house with low farm size of between 0.25 to 0.50 hectare. Men and women vegetable farmers in Ondo State faced same constraints such non-availability of land, inadequacy of inputs, lack of extension contact, transportation, storage, high cost of input etc but at different degrees. The study concludes that the variations in degrees of constraints between men and women vegetable farmers in Ondo State are due to the differences in roles and responsibilities of each gender along the vegetable production chain. The study therefore recommends that there is a need for gender integration into programme that could enhance the production of vegetables and thus increase the farmers’ income and the general standard of living.
Predicting species distributions in the open ocean using satellite-derived environmental data and convolutional neural networks
Creators: name: Morand, Gaétan
name: Joly, Alexis
name: Rouyer, Tristan
name: Lorieul, Titouan
name: Barde, Julien
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: While policymakers are committed to a 30% global protection target by 2030, including the ocean, our knowledge of marine species distributions remains limited compared to terrestrial species. This gap is a major barrier to science-based decision-making in the field of marine conservation.

The high cost of data acquisition is partly responsible for the situation. But a significant lever would be to use the sparse data we have more efficiently. Indeed, current species distribution models (SDMs), though robust, are simplistic in terms of environment-species interactions: they often rely only on long-term climate averages. This seriously hinders the discovery of dynamic processes, such as seasonal migrations or adaptation to environmental change, and therefore limits our knowledge of how marine species use space.

Recently, computational ecologists have successfully designed and tested new types of SDMs based on deep learning to model plant species distributions in the terrestrial realm. They treat the environmental landscape as a multi-layered image and use convolutional neural networks to extract relevant geographical features and predict associated species, with promising results on data-poor species using knowledge transfer.

Our work adapts this approach to the open ocean, in particular by taking into account the high variability of environmental conditions. In an initial trial, we predicted relative presence probabilities for 38 marine taxa at a global scale using 18 satellite-derived environmental variables, achieving 89% Top-3 accuracy. This work provided valuable insights on data curation, variable importance and hyperparameter fine-tuning.

This approach provides ways to enhance our knowledge of data-poor marine regions or species, and to deepen our understanding of the dynamic impact of environmental conditions. It paves the way for a diversity of use cases ranging from other marine environments to predictions of future species distributions. This allows more comprehensive biodiversity mapping, which is a significant step towards well-designed ecosystem protection measures.
Self-Adjusting Evolutionary Algorithms for Multimodal Optimization
Creators: name: Rajabi, Amirhossein
name: Witt, Carsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent theoretical research has shown that self-adjusting and self-adaptive mechanisms can provably outperform static settings in evolutionary algorithms for binary search spaces. However, the vast majority of these studies focuses on unimodal functions which do not require the algorithm to flip several bits simultaneously to make progress. In fact, existing self-adjusting algorithms are not designed to detect local optima and do not have any obvious benefit to cross large Hamming gaps. We suggest a mechanism called stagnation detection that can be added as a module to existing evolutionary algorithms (both with and without prior self-adjusting algorithms). Added to a simple (1+1) EA, we prove an expected runtime on the well-known Jump benchmark that corresponds to an asymptotically optimal parameter setting and outperforms other mechanisms for multimodal optimization like heavy-tailed mutation. We also investigate the module in the context of a self-adjusting (1+$λ$) EA and show that it combines the previous benefits of this algorithm on unimodal problems with more efficient multimodal optimization. To explore the limitations of the approach, we additionally present an example where both self-adjusting mechanisms, including stagnation detection, do not help to find a beneficial setting of the mutation rate. Finally, we investigate our module for stagnation detection experimentally.
description: 26 pages. Full version of a paper appearing at GECCO 2020
New supernova remnant candidates in the LOFAR Two Metre Sky Survey
Creators: name: Tsalapatas, K.
name: Arias, M.
name: Shimwell, T.
name: Rajwade, K.
name: Hardcastle, M. J.
name: Drabent, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In spite of their key role in galaxy evolution and several decades of observational efforts, the census of supernova remnants (SNRs) in our Galaxy remains incomplete. Theoretical predictions based on the local supernova rate estimate the expected number of SNRs in the Galaxy to be $\gtrsim$ 1000. By contrast, the number of detected SNRs amounts to about 300. High-resolution, wide-area radio surveys at low frequencies are ideal tools with which to find missing SNRs, given the prominence of these sources at low radio frequencies. We aim to find missing SNRs using proprietary data from the LOFAR Two-Metre Sky Survey (LoTSS) at 144~MHz. We used LoTSS total intensity maps of two Galactic regions, one with $39^\mathrm{o} < l < 66^\mathrm{o}$ and $|b|< 2.5^\mathrm{o}$, and the other with $145^\mathrm{o} < l < 150^\mathrm{o}$ and $|b| < 3^\mathrm{o}$, in addition to mid-infrared (MIR) data from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) all-sky survey to search for SNR candidates. We report the discovery of 14 new SNR candidates selected on the basis of their morphology at 144 MHz and a lack of MIR emission. We also follow up on 24 previously reported SNR candidates, inferring their spectral index between the LoTSS frequency (144 MHz) and the frequency at which they were reported. The high resolution and sensitivity of LoTSS observations has resulted in the detection of 14 new SNR candidates. In order to unambiguously confirm the SNR nature of these candidates, follow-up X-ray observations are required with facilities such as eROSITA.
description: Accepted in A&A
Assessing realistic binding energies of some essential interstellar radicals with amorphous solid water. A fully quantum chemical approach
Creators: name: Sil, Milan
name: Roy, Arghyadeb
name: Gorai, Prasanta
name: Nakatani, Naoki
name: Shimonishi, Takashi
name: Furuya, Kenji
name: Inostroza-Pino, Natalia
name: Caselli, Paola
name: Das, Ankan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the absence of laboratory data, state-of-the-art quantum chemical approaches can provide estimates of the binding energy (BE) of interstellar species with grains. Without BE values, contemporary astrochemical models are compelled to utilize wild guesses, often delivering misleading information. Here, we employed a fully quantum chemical approach to estimate the BE of seven diatomic radicals - CH, NH, OH, SH, CN, NS, and NO - that play a crucial role in shaping the interstellar chemical composition, using a suitable amorphous solid water model as a substrate since water is the principal constituent of interstellar ice in dense and shielded regions. While the BEs are compatible with physisorption, the binding of CH in some sites shows chemisorption, in which a chemical bond to an oxygen atom of a water molecule is formed. While no structural change has been observed for the CN radical, it is believed that the formation of a hemibonded system between the outer layer of the water cluster and the radical is the reason for the unusually large BE in one of the binding sites considered in our study. A significantly lower BE for NO, consistent with recent calculations, is obtained, which helps explain the recently observed HONO/NH$_2$OH and HONO/HNO ratios in the low-mass hot corino IRAS 16293-2422 B with chemical models.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, to be published in Astronomy & Astrophysics (A&A) Journal
Oreodera cretata Bates 1861
Creators: name: Monné, Miguel A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Oreodera
Oreodera cretata

description: 26. Oreodera cretata Bates, 1861
Type locality — Brazil, Pará: Cuparí. (MNHN). Distribution — Panama, Ecuador, French Guiana, Brazil (Pará, Rondônia).
 Oreodera cretata Bates, 1861: 148.
description: Published as part of Monné, Miguel A., 2005, Catalogue of the Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) of the Neotropical Region. Part II. Subfamily Lamiinae, pp. 1-760 in Zootaxa 1023 (1) on pages 1-760, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.946.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5049553
Shortcomings of meta-GGA functionals when describing magnetism
Creators: name: Tran, Fabien
name: Baudesson, Guillaume
name: Carrete, Jesús
name: Madsen, Georg K. H.
name: Blaha, Peter
name: Schwarz, Karlheinz
name: Singh, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several recent studies have shown that SCAN, a functional belonging to the meta-generalized gradient approximation (MGGA) family, leads to significantly overestimated magnetic moments in itinerant ferromagnetic metals. However, this behavior is not inherent to the MGGA level of approximation since TPSS, for instance, does not lead to such severe overestimations. In order to provide a broader view of the accuracy of MGGA functionals for magnetism, we extend the assessment to more functionals, but also to antiferromagnetic solids. The results show that to describe magnetism there is overall no real advantage in using a MGGA functional compared to GGAs. For both types of approximation, an improvement in ferromagnetic metals is necessarily accompanied by a deterioration (underestimation) in antiferromagnetic insulators, and vice-versa. We also provide some analysis in order to understand in more detail the relation between the mathematical form of the functionals and the results.
Remanufacturing in the United States
Creators: name: Kim, David R. Ross Michelle
Publisher: name: โรงพิมพ์มหาวิทยาลัยธรรมศาสตร์
Year: 2555
Subjects: Remanufacturing;United States

description: วารสารเศรษฐศาสตร์ธรรมศาสตร์, 30, 4, 63-86
Socioeceonomic characteristics influencing participation in national poverty eradication programmein Dekina local government area of Kogi State, Nigeria
Creators: name: Akpoko, J. G.
name: Oladeji, S. A.
name: Akinola, M. O.
name: Ebenehi, O.
name: Nandi, J. A.
name: Galadima, M.
name: Akpoko, J. G.
name: Oladeji, S. A.
name: Akinola, M. O.
name: Ebenehi, O.
name: Nandi, J. A.
name: Galadima, M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Participants
subject: socio-economic characteristics
subject: participation

description: This study assessed the influence of socio-economic characteristics of National Poverty Eradication Programme (NAPEP) participants in Dekina local government area of Kogi state, Nigeria.. Purposive sampling technique was used to obtain 52 NAPEP Data were collected using well structured questionnaire and analysed through the use of descriptive statistics and multiple regression. Findings indicate that 67.0% of the participants were male while 32% were female. About 40.0% of the participants were of the age range of 44-53 years and 62% were married with 60.0% having a household size of 5-8 persons. About 95.0% of the participants had one form of formal education or the other with 38% having trading as their major occupation. Furthermore, the regression result shows that age, household size, educational level, and membership of co-operative group positively affect respondents’ decision to participate in NAPEP. The implication of the result is that older people with larger household, formal education and are members of co-operative group will willingly participate in NAPEP to alleviate poverty and diversify livelihood means. Also, age, marital status, educational level and household size were significant at various levels of probability. Therefore, it implies that participation in NAPEP is influenced by the significant variables. Youth should be encouraged to participate and involve in cooperative societies’ activities as one of the criteria for participation.
Phase-sensitive determination of nodal $\mathbf{d}$-wave order parameter in single-band and multiband superconductors
Creators: name: Böker, Jakob
name: Sulangi, Miguel Antonio
name: Akbari, Alireza
name: Davis, J. C. Séamus
name: Hirschfeld, P. J.
name: Eremin, Ilya M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Determining the exact pairing symmetry of the superconducting order parameter in candidate unconventional superconductors remains an important challenge. Recently a new method, based on phase sensitive quasiparticle interference measurements, was developed to identify gap sign changes in isotropic multiband systems. Here we extend this approach to the single-band and multiband nodal $d$-wave superconducting cases relevant, respectively, for the cuprates and likely for the infinite-layer nickelate superconductors. Combining analytical and numerical calculations, we show that the antisymmetrized correction to the tunneling density of states due to nonmagnetic impurities in the Born and intermediate-scattering limits shows characteristic features for sign-changing and sign-preserving scattering wavevectors, as well as for the momentum-integrated quantity. Furthermore, using a realistic approach accounting for the Wannier orbitals, we model scanning tunneling microscopy data of $\text{Bi}_2\text{Sr}_2\text{CaCu}_2\text{O}_{8+δ}$, which should allow the comparison of our theory with experimental data.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures
Nanoelectromechanics of Polarization Switching in Piezoresponse Force Microscopy
Creators: name: Kalinin, Sergei V.
name: Gruverman, A.
name: Shin, J.
name: Baddorf, A. P.
name: Karapetian, E.
name: Kachanov, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nanoscale polarization switching in ferroelectric materials by Piezoresponse Force Microscopy (PFM) in weak and strong indentation limits is analyzed using exact solutions for electrostatic and coupled electroelastic fields below the tip. It is proposed that the tip-induced domain switching can be mapped on the Landau theory of phase transitions with the domain size as an order parameter. For a point charge interacting with a ferroelectric surface, switching of both first and second order is possible depending on the charge-surface separation. For a realistic tip shape, the domain nucleation process is first order in charge magnitude and polarization switching occurs only above a critical tip bias. In pure ferroelectric or ferroelastic switching, the late stages of the switching process can be described using point charge/force model and arbitrarily large domains can be created; however, the description of the early stages of nucleation process when domain size is comparable with the tip radius of curvature requires exact field structure to be taken into account.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures, expanded version of paper submitted to PRL
Obtaining CKM Phase Information from B Penguin Decays
Creators: name: Datta, Alakabha
name: London, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a method for extracting CP phases from pairs of B decays which are related by flavor SU(3). One decay (B0 -> M1 M2) receives a significant bbar -> dbar penguin contribution. The second (B' -> M1' M2') has a significant bbar -> sbar penguin contribution, but is dominated by a single amplitude. CP phase information is obtained using the fact that the B' -> M1' M2' amplitude is related by SU(3) to a piece of the B0 -> M1 M2 amplitude. The leading-order SU(3)-breaking effect (~25%) responsible for the main theoretical error can be removed. For some decay pairs, it can be written in terms of known decay constants. In other cases, it involves a ratio of form factors. However, this form-factor ratio can either be measured experimentally, or eliminated by considering a double ratio of amplitudes. In all cases, one is left only with a second-order effect, ~5%. We find twelve pairs of B decays to which this method can be applied. Depending on the decay pair, we estimate the total theoretical error in relating the B' -> M1' M2' and B0 -> M1 M2 amplitudes to be between 5% and 15%. The most promising decay pairs are Bd -> pi+ pi- and Bu+ -> K0 pi+, and Bd -> D+ D- and Bd -> Ds+ D- or Bu+ -> Ds+ D0bar.
description: 38 pages, JHEP format, no figures. Comments added to text regarding most promising decay pairs; references added; conclusions unchanged
Cassava farmers' adaption to climate change in Oron agricultural zone of Akawa Ibom State, Nigeria
Creators: name: Ifeanyi-Obi, C.C.
name: Etuk, U.R
name: Uloh, C.
name: Ifeanyi-Obi, C.C.
name: Etuk, U.R
name: Uloh, C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Climate change
subject: adaptation measures
subject: cassava farmers

description: This study examined climate change adaptation measures used by cassava farmers in Oron agricultural zone of Akwa Ibom State. Multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select eighty cassava farmers for the study. Data was collected with the use of structured questionnaire and interview schedule. Adaptation measures were captured using a 4 point Likert- type scale, while the data was analyzed using descriptive statistics namely; mean, percentage, frequency count and a multi variance factor analysis. The findings show that 30% of the respondents were between the ages of 31 and 40 years. Majority of the respondents were female (67.5%), 86.3% married, 90% literate with an average farming experience of 25 years. The result of the factor analysis identified seven major adaptation options used by the cassava farmers namely; use of improved& resistant species and farm chemicals (Factor 1), use of improved farming practices and information from agricultural extension agent (factor 2), diversification (factor 3), water conservation practices (factor 4), soil fertility and land policies/ practices (factor 5), use of insurance and credit facilities (factor 6), use of weather forecast facilities (factor 7). The study recommended that Agricultural Development Programme should make room for extension agents to visit farmers, create awareness, and disseminate proven measures to boost the adaptive/resilience capacities of the farmers in the area.
Rural farmers' perception of climate variabilities in Benue State of Nigeria
Creators: name: Falaki, A. A.
name: Ajayi, O. J.
name: Akangbe, J. A.
name: Akande, O. S.
name: Falaki, A. A.
name: Ajayi, O. J.
name: Akangbe, J. A.
name: Akande, O. S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Adaptation
subject: climate change
subject: farmers
subject: rural

description: Climate change and severe weather events such as temperature shocks and declining rainfall often strongly impede sustainable farming development, especially where agriculture is rain fed and when other external shocks such as poverty, poor access to inputs and credit are common. This is the context in which rural farmers carry out their farming and other livelihoods activities. This study compares rural farmers’ perception of temperature and rainfall with the result of 30 years (1980-2009) meteorological records of temperature and rainfall, examines the farmers adaptation practices in response to climate change and the constraints to their adaptation. The study found an increasing trend in minimum and maximum temperature as well as rainfall amount. This validates the farmers’ perception of temperature and rainfall. Bush burning and Tree cutting were the perceived leading causes of climate change. Farmers mostly engaged in changing planting dates and change in house construction in response to climate change. Efforts that address poverty and provide access to agricultural support services like access to credit; farm inputs and weather forecasting service will help enhance farmers’ adaptive capacity to climate change. Farmers’ adaptive capacity could be enhanced through agricultural support services such as access to credit, farm inputs and weather forecasting
A Survey of Blockchain Applications in Different Domains
Creators: name: Chen, Wubing
name: Xu, Zhiying
name: Shi, Shuyu
name: Zhao, Yang
name: Zhao, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Blockchains have received much attention recently since they provide decentralized approaches to the creation and management of value. Many banks, Internet companies, car manufacturers, and even governments worldwide have incorporated or started considering blockchains to improve the security, scalability, and efficiency of their services. In this paper, we survey blockchain applications in different areas. These areas include cryptocurrency, healthcare, advertising, insurance, copyright protection, energy, and societal applications. Our work provides a timely summary for individuals and organizations interested in blockchains. We envision our study to motivate more blockchain applications.
description: Published in Proceedings of the 2018 International Conference on Blockchain Technology and Application (ICBTA)
Oreodera crinita Monne & Fragoso 1988
Creators: name: Monné, Miguel A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Oreodera
Oreodera crinita

description: 28. Oreodera crinita Monné & Fragoso, 1988
Type locality — Ecuador, Napo: Lago Agrio. (MNRJ). Distribution — Ecuador, French Guiana, Peru.
 Oreodera crinita Monné & Fragoso, 1988: 815, fig. 6; Tavakilian et al., 1997: 332 (hosts); Julio et al., 2000: 44 (holotype); Monné, 2001b: 44 (cat. hosts).
description: Published as part of Monné, Miguel A., 2005, Catalogue of the Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) of the Neotropical Region. Part II. Subfamily Lamiinae, pp. 1-760 in Zootaxa 1023 (1) on pages 1-760, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.946.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5049553
Additional file 1 of Benefits and harms of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines: systematic review with meta-analyses of trial data from clinical study reports
Creators: name: Jørgensen, Lars
name: Gøtzsche, Peter
name: Jefferson, Tom
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Benefits and harms of the HPV vaccines—PRISMA 2009 checklist. (DOCX 31 kb)
Farmers' perceived effects of climate change in cocoa production in Kwara State
Creators: name: Agbongiarhuoyi, A. E.
name: Abdulkarim, I. F.
name: Oloyede, A. A.
name: Famuyiwa B. S
name: Oduwole, O. O.
name: Agbongiarhuoyi, A. E.
name: Abdulkarim, I. F.
name: Oloyede, A. A.
name: Famuyiwa B. S
name: Oduwole, O. O.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Climate change
subject: perceived effect
subject: farmers
subject: cocoa production

description: The effects of climate change in Nigeria are already being felt as the frequency and intensity of extreme events like droughts and floods have increased. In mature cocoa plants, water deficit and excess result in low yield and increase the level of capsid and black-pod damage. Cocoa seedling mortality is encouraged by prolonged dry season due to changes in climate. The study investigated the perceived effects of climate change on cocoa seedling growth, flowering, pod development, yield, leaves, tree, insect pest and disease occurrence. It examined perceived climatic factors and amount realized from cocoa beans in Kwara State. A multi-stage random sampling procedure was used to select 60 cocoa farmers from three out of eight Local Government Areas producing cocoa in the study area. Interview schedule instrument was used in data collection and analyzed with descriptive statistics and correlation analysis. The results revealed that most (60%) of the farmers believed climate change retards cocoa seedling growth and lead to death. Half (50%) of them opined that climate change delays flowering of cocoa. Majority (70%) perceived it to delay pod development resulting in low yield. In terms of insect pest and diseases occurrence, 51.7 percent indicated that climate change altered crop yield and losses in cocoa farms. Many farmers (58.3%) feel it makes cocoa leaves to be abundant while more of them 65% claimed that climate change retards tree development for optimum production. However, 61.7% had high perception about the effect of climate change on cocoa production. Low Rainfall accounting for 61.7% was observed to be the main climatic factor contributing to climate change in the study area. The revenue realized from sales of cocoa beans was statistically related to farmers’ perceived effect of climate change on cocoa production (r = -0.412, p = 0.001 at p<0.05). The farmers’ perception of climate change is a reflection of the global problems posed by variations in weather impacting food production and income. There is need for concerted efforts that will mitigate the effects of climate change on cocoa production.
Numerical Solution of the Gross-Pitaevskii Equation for Bose-Einstein Condensation
Creators: name: Bao, Weizhu
name: Jaksch, Dieter
name: Markowich, Peter A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the numerical solution of the time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation (GPE) describing a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) at zero or very low temperature. In preparation for the numerics we scale the 3d Gross-Pitaevskii equation and obtain a four-parameter model. Identifying `extreme parameter regimes', the model is accessible to analytical perturbation theory, which justifies formal procedures well known in the physical literature: reduction to 2d and 1d GPEs, approximation of ground state solutions of the GPE and geometrical optics approximations. Then we use a time-splitting spectral method to discretize the time-dependent GPE. Again, perturbation theory is used to understand the discretization scheme and to choose the spatial/temporal grid in dependence of the perturbation parameter. Extensive numerical examples in 1d, 2d and 3d for weak/strong interactions, defocusing/focusing nonlinearity, and zero/nonzero initial phase data are presented to demonstrate the power of the numerical method and to discuss the physics of Bose-Einstein condensation.
description: 33 pages, 11 figures. Journal of Computational Physics, to appear
Gender analysis of rice production in Obafemi Owode local government area of Ogun State, Nigeria
Creators: name: Sangotegbe, N. S.
name: Taofeeq, T. A.
name: Oluwasusi, J. O.
name: Sangotegbe, N. S.
name: Taofeeq, T. A.
name: Oluwasusi, J. O.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Gender
subject: involvement
subject: rice
subject: production

description: There is limited information on gender roles and responsibilities in the production of Ofada, a local rice variety in Ogun State Nigeria. Therefore, a gender assessment study was conducted onOfada rice production in OgunState. A total of 80 and 40 male and female Ofada rice farmers were selected respectively. The result showed that 32.5% of male rice farmers were aged 51-60 years while 37.5% of female were aged 31-40 years. The mean age for male and female Ofada rice farmers were 46±13 and 41±12, respectively. Men were more involved in tedious operations, which include land clearing, tree felling, stumping and weeding, as females were more involved in less tedious activities. The level of involvement in Ofada rice production activities was low among more than half of both male (61.2%) and female (51.7%) Ofada rice farmers in the study LGA.Pest attack (42.5%) and inadequate funding (38.8%) were rated verysevere constraints to production of Ofada rice.No significant difference existed between male and female Ofada rice farmers in terms of level of involvement in Ofada rice production (t = 0.471; P > 0.05). For ease of access to credit facilities, farmers should form themselves into associations and cooperative groups through which members may have access to loans. This will help them prosecute their important farming operations and thereby expand their production enterprise.
Official corruption and sharp practices as impediments to transforming smallholders to agribusiness: Lessons from agricultural development interventions in Nigeria
Creators: name: Ladele, A. A.
name: Fadairo, O.S.
name: Ladele, A. A.
name: Fadairo, O.S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Sharp practices
subject: agricultural transformation
subject: official corruption

description: More than ever before, better recognition is now being accorded the contribution of the quality of governance and leadership in appropriating resources and services that engender sustainable development. The level of official corruption tolerated by the government of a nation is a reflection of the above. However, corruption is a subject commonly avoided in social research and agricultural development discuss, despite its subterranean but serious damaging effect on development, if left unchecked. Despite the woeful performance of many African nations on the Corruption Perception Index monitored by Transparency International annually, and frequent reportage of corruption cases in the media, principal stakeholders including the research sector shy away from addressing it as a major impediment to effectiveness of development interventions. This paper juxtaposes socio-cultural perspective of corruption with the modern. It posits that unless rural sociologists and other development experts begin to pursue evidence-based social research that will properly isolate corruption as a menace; possibly worse than the over-researched factors such as poverty, food security and youth unemployment; returns to development efforts will continue to be dismal. This need may not be obvious unless research efforts on nature, magnitude of effect and safety nets are empirically reported. It also highlights recent empirical studies on perceptions on corruption in agriculture sector and need to develop reliable and valid tools to monitor occurrence and consequences with the aim of minimizing the effect of corruption and sharp practices on the effectiveness of agricultural transformation interventions.
Perceived nutritional and medicinal values of moringaouleifera (zogale) among rural dwellers in Katsina State, Nigeria
Creators: name: Ikwuakam, O. T.
name: Sangotegbe, N. S.
name: Akinbile, L. A.
name: Ikwuakam, O. T.
name: Sangotegbe, N. S.
name: Akinbile, L. A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Medicine
subject: nutrition
subject: Moringa
subject: rural dwellers
subject: Katsina state

description: The study investigated perceived nutritional and medicinal values of Moringa oleifera among rural dwellers in Katsina State. A total of 140 rural dwellers were sampled through a multi-stage sampling technique. Frequency counts, percentages and means were used in presenting the data analysed, while Chi-Square and Pearson Product Moment Correlation were used to test the hypotheses. Result of analysis reveals that average age and household size were 41.96 ± 13.23 and 8.54 ± 3.69. Majority were married (85.0%) while 47.1% had Quranic education. The study further reveals that majority (98.6%) had eaten Moringa in the past 20 years. Radio (mean = 2.27) friends (mean = 2.19) and health centres (Mean = 1.69) were the common sources of information on the benefits of Moringa. The level of awareness on the nutritional and medicinal values of Moringa was high among majority (67.1%). More than half (53.6% and 57.9%) perceived the medicinal (53.6%)and nutritional (57.9%) benefits of Moringa to be high. Religion (χ2 = 6.507 and 5.861), level of exposure to information (r = 0.237 and 0.332) and level of awareness (r = 0.484; and 0.383) on benefits of Moringa had a significant relationship with respondents’ perceived nutritional and medicinal benefits of the plant. The study concludes that awareness creation through various communication channels have been effective in enlightening respondents on the of values Moringa
Technical, Organisational and regulatory constraints to the use of information communication technologies (ICTS) infrastructure for agricultural extension delivery in Edo State, Nigeria
Creators: name: Olajide, B. R.
name: Uwaya, E. C.
name: Olajide, B. R.
name: Uwaya, E. C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: ICT infrastructure
subject: ICT access
subject: Regulatory constraint

description: In spite of the substantial leap in ICT infrastructural development in Nigeria, certain constraints still limit the potentials of ICTs for information dissemination. This study investigated constraints to the use of ICTs for agricultural information dissemination in Edo state, Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 116 extension workers; while primary data were collected with the use of structured questionnaire. Data were analysed using both descriptive (frequencies and percentages) and inferential (Chi square and PPMC) statistics at p = 0.05. Results indicate that most extension workers were male (67.2%) with Diploma qualification (74.1%), with vast professional experience ranging from 11-20 years (65.4%) and being ICT literate (51.7%). Available ICT tools for information dissemination were radio (83.6%), mobile telephony (86.2%) and use of short message services (81.0%). While network fluctuation (42.2%) and lack of expertise on the part of the extension workers (51.7%) were fingered as technical constraints, organisational constraints identified as impeding ICT use included insufficient computer training for extension personnel (41.4%) and poor funding for ICTs in extension organisations (33.6%). Inadequate regulatory environment (48.3%) and strategic vision in developing ICT for rural areas (63.8%) were identified as regulatory constraints for ICTs use for agricultural information dissemination. There was a significant relationship between use of ICT for agricultural information dissemination and availability of ICT (r=0.877) as well as constraints (χ2=26.9). It is recommended that ICT infrastructure be provided in extension organisations while all technical and regulatory issues be resolved to take full advantage of opportunities ICTs offer.
Supporting Information from The impact of school reopening on the spread of COVID-19 in England
Creators: name: Keeling, Matt J.
name: Tildesley, Michael J.
name: Atkins, Benjamin D.
name: Penman, Bridget
name: Southall, Emma
name: Guyver-Fletcher, Glen
name: Holmes, Alex
name: McKimm, Hector
name: Gorsich, Erin E.
name: Hill, Edward M.
name: Dyson, Louise
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: This supplement consists of the following parts: Model description (Supporting Text S1); Modelling social distancing (Supporting Text S2); Supporting Figures S1-S3.
Digitales Lehren und Lernen an der Hochschule: Erkenntnisse aus der empirischen Lehr-Lernforschung
Creators: name: Schultz-Pernice, Florian
name: Becker, Sabine
name: Berger, Sonja
name: Ploch, Nina
name: Radkowitsch, Anika
name: Vejvoda, Jojanna
name: Fischer, Frank
Publisher: name: Lehrerbildung@LMU
Year: 2021

description: Digitales Lehren und Lernen ist in den letzten Jahren zu einem zentralen Thema in der Lehrer:innenbildung an den Hochschulen avanciert. Die Corona-Pandemie hat diesen Prozess zusätzlich beschleunigt und dabei noch bestehende Herausforderungen sichtbar werden lassen. Die Studierenden waren in den vergangenen Semestern immer wieder mit Phasen vollständig digitaler Lehre und damit hohen Anforderungen an ihre Selbststeuerung konfrontiert. Die Dozierenden mussten über Nacht auf Online-Lehre umstellen, auch wenn Konzepte für erfolgreiche digitale Hochschullehre außerhalb der damit befassten Disziplinen anfangs noch wenig verbreitet waren. Der vorliegende Beitrag basiert auf den Arbeiten des QLB-Projekts „Kompetenznetzwerk Medienbildung und Digitalisierung (KMBD)“ und reagiert auf diesen Transformationsprozess in der Hochschullehre. Er fasst einige für die Praxis der Online-Lehre an Hochschulen grundlegende Erkenntnisse der empirischen Lehr-Lernforschung zusammen und leitet konkrete Handlungsempfehlungen ab. Der vorliegende Teil 1 beschäftigt sich mit der digitalen Hochschullehre unter dem Gesichtspunkt des Lehrens, Teil 2 erscheint in Band 2, Ausgabe 1 von ‚Lehrerbildung@LMU‘ und adressiert den Gesichtspunkt des Lernens, bevor abschließend Perspektiven dazu aufgezeigt werden, wie Dozierende die Herausforderungen des digitalen Lehrens und Lernens meistern und für die Weiterentwicklung der Hochschullehre nutzen können.
description: Lehrerbildung@LMU, Bd. 1 Nr. 2 (2021): Lehrerbildung@LMU
MutantBench: an Equivalent Mutant Problem Comparison Framework
Creators: name: van Hijfte, Lars
name: Oprescu, Ana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Mutation Testing
Equivalent Mutant Problem
Comparison Framework
Benchmarking Tool
Mutant Dataset

description: The Equivalent Mutant Problem is an ongoing research problem that led to the creation of multiple reusable non-standardized mutant datasets. However, cross-study evaluation is still tedious. To tackle this problem, we propose MutantBench, a novel open-source comparison framework that is designed with a focus on the FAIR data principles and adoptability by the community. With this, tools within the Equivalent Mutant Problem can be empirically evaluated using the same dataset which then allows for improved cross-study evaluation. We also combine existing datasets resulting in a mutant dataset containing 4400 mutants with 1416 equivalent mutants. This increases the previously largest mutant dataset by more than a thousand equivalent mutants.
Ramsey-type theorems for metric spaces with applications to online problems
Creators: name: Bartal, Yair
name: Bollobas, Bela
name: Mendel, Manor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A nearly logarithmic lower bound on the randomized competitive ratio for the metrical task systems problem is presented. This implies a similar lower bound for the extensively studied k-server problem. The proof is based on Ramsey-type theorems for metric spaces, that state that every metric space contains a large subspace which is approximately a hierarchically well-separated tree (and in particular an ultrametric). These Ramsey-type theorems may be of independent interest.
description: Fix an error in the metadata. 31 pages, 0 figures. Preliminary version in FOCS '01. To be published in J. Comput. System Sci
RISK FACTORS AND METHODS OF PREVENTION OF NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION
Creators: name: Masharipova, Sh.S.
name: Karimova, U.M.
name: Oltiyeva, H.S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Nosocomial infections (NI) remain one of the most pressing healthcare issues worldwide. Their significance is determined by high morbidity and mortality rates, prolonged hospital stays, and the economic costs associated with treating complications.
Oreodera exigua Monne & Fragoso 1988
Creators: name: Monné, Miguel A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Oreodera
Oreodera exigua

description: 30. Oreodera exigua Monné & Fragoso, 1988
Type locality — Brazil, Bahia: Encruzilhada (Estrada Rio­Bahia, km 965, Motel da Divisa). (MNRJ). Distribution — Brazil (Bahia, Espírito Santo).
 Oreodera exigua Monné & Fragoso, 1988: 820, fig. 11; Julio et al., 2000: 45 (holotype).
description: Published as part of Monné, Miguel A., 2005, Catalogue of the Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) of the Neotropical Region. Part II. Subfamily Lamiinae, pp. 1-760 in Zootaxa 1023 (1) on pages 1-760, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.946.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5049553
Impact of ice growth on the physical and chemical properties of dense cloud cores
Creators: name: Sipilä, O.
name: Caselli, P.
name: Juvela, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the effect of time-dependent ice growth on dust grains on the opacity and hence on the dust temperature in a collapsing molecular cloud core, with the aim of quantifying the effect of the dust temperature variations on ice abundances as well as the evolution of the collapse. We employed a one-dimensional collapse model that self-consistently and time-dependently combines hydrodynamics with chemical and radiative transfer simulations. The dust opacity was updated on-the-fly based on the ice growth as a function of location in the core. The results of the fully dynamical model were compared against simulations assuming fixed ice thickness. We found that the ice thickness increases fast and reaches a saturation value of approximately 90 monolayers in the central core (volume density $\sim$$10^4\,\rm cm^{-3}$), and several tens of monolayers at a volume density of $\sim$$10^3\,\rm cm^{-3}$, after only a few $10^5\,\rm yr$ of evolution. The results thus exclude the adoption of thin ($\sim$10 monolayer) ices in molecular cloud simulations except at very short timescales. The differences in abundances and dust temperature between the fully dynamic simulation and those with fixed dust opacity are small; abundances change between the solutions generally within a factor of two. The assumptions on the dust opacity do have an effect on the collapse dynamics through the influence of the photoelectric effect on the gas temperature, and the simulations take a different time to reach a common central density. In conclusion, carrying out chemical simulations using a dust temperature corresponding to a fixed opacity seems to be a good approximation. Still, although at least in the present case its effect on the overall results is limited - as long as the grains are monodisperse - ice growth should be considered to obtain the most accurate representation of the collapse dynamics.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A; abstract abridged to meet arXiv requirements