cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Different molecular filament widths as tracers of accretion onto filaments
Creators: name: Gómez, Gilberto C.
name: Walsh, Catherine
name: Palau, Aina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore how dense filament widths, when measured using different molecular species, may change as a consequence of gas accretion toward the filament. As a gas parcel falls into the filament, it will experience different density, temperature, and extinction values. The rate at which this environment changes will affect differently the abundance of different molecules. So, a molecule that forms quickly will better reflect the local physical conditions a gas parcel experiences than a slower-forming molecule. Since these differences depend on how the respective timescales compare, the different molecular distributions should reflect how rapidly the environment changes, i.e., the accretion rate toward the filament. We find that the filament widths measured from time-dependent abundances for C2H, CO, CN, CS, and C3H2, are sensitive the most to this effect, being those molecules the ones presenting also the wider filament widths. On the contrary, molecules such as N2H+, NH3, H2CO, HNC or CH3OH are not so sensitive to accretion and present the narrowest filament widths. We propose that ratios of filament widths for different tracers could be a useful tool to estimate the accretion rate onto the filament.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
A New Educational Escape-Room-Based Model for the Sustainable Valorization and Management of Cultural and Natural Heritage
Creators: name: Palla, Emanuele
name: Lopez, Alejandro Gonzalez
name: Aviles, David Gil
name: Sanchez Martinez, Maria Angeles
Publisher: name: Conservation Science in Cultural Heritage
Year: 2020
Subjects: Spanish civil war; history; memory; conservation; natural environment

description: Based on the model of the “escape room” game, the activity proposed in this paper centres on the historical site of one of the fiercest battles of the Spanish Civil War (February 1937). The battle site is in the area of Rivas-vaciamadrid, the focal point of the Francoist and Republican camps, which connected the centre of Madrid with one of the city’s most important logistics and military facilities, Alcalà de Henares. The study proposes a new way to use the site and, in particular, proposes a live game aimed at involving different types of participants, aligning it with their specific profiles, whether children, adults or scholars. Its main aim is to propose an activity for the sustainable valorization of this heritage and to raise awareness in participants about this significant piece of history as well as its preservation in the long-term. It should be kept in mind that “Los pueblos que desconocen su Historia están condenados a repetirla”, i.e. “Those who do not know their history are doomed to repeat it”. The Rivas-vaciamadrid site is also a source of information and study regarding geological, natural and historical-artistic aspects. One example is the Porphyrio porphiyrio (western swamphen), present in the ecosystem of Rivas-vaciamadrid, which has a noteworthy past having been depicted in the mosaics of both the "Villa Romana del Casale" in Sicily and the Church of "San Vitale", in Ravenna, Italy as well as being reported in writings by Aristotle and Pliny the Elder.
description: Conservation Science in Cultural Heritage, Vol 19 (2019)
Dynamics of in-medium quarkonia in SU(3) and SU(2) gauge theories
Creators: name: Akamatsu, Yukinao
name: Asakawa, Masayuki
name: Kajimoto, Shiori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Decoherence dynamics of quarkonia is studied in the high-temperature deconfined phase of SU($N_c$) gauge theories. In particular, we analyze the symmetry properties of SU($N_c$) stochastic potential model and find a novel "event-by-event" symmetry for $N_c=2$ case, similar to the $G$-parity of hadronic systems. This novel symmetry constrains the relation between diagonal and off-diagonal components of quarkonium density matrix, leaving the latter to be finite at late times. We also present one-dimensional numerical simulation of the model, which indicates the usefulness of the complex potential simulations for the quarkonium survival probabilities in relativistic heavy-ion collisions, provided that the effect of dissipation can be neglected.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures, 10 MB; v2: typos fixed, figures corrected with proper units, and references added
Bianchi IX geometry and the Einstein-Maxwell theory
Creators: name: Ghezelbash, Masoud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct numerical solutions to the higher-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell theory. The solutions are based on embedding the four dimensional Bianchi type IX space in the theory. We find the solutions as superposition of two functions, which one of them can be found numerically. We show that the solutions in any dimensions, are almost regular everywhere, except a singular point. We find that the solutions interpolate between the two exact analytical solutions to the higher dimensional Einstein-Maxwell theory, which are based on Eguchi-Hanson type I and II geometries. Moreover, we construct the exact cosmological solutions to the theory, and study the properties of the solutions.
description: 38 pages, 16 figures, new contents, figures and four appendices added, references added, to appear in classical and quantum gravity
Raman Spectroscopy of the Works of Szymon Czechowicz (1689-1775)
Creators: name: Sawczak, Mirosław
name: Doleżyńska-Sewerniak, Ewa
Publisher: name: Conservation Science in Cultural Heritage
Year: 2020
Subjects: painting materials analysis; authentication; Szymon Czechowicz; Raman spectroscopy

description: The paper presents the results from Raman spectroscopy (RS) analyses of the works of Szymon Czechowicz and his workshop ‒ the most important Polish baroque painter. RS was used for clarification and supplementation of results carried out by the methods: Infrared False Colour (IRFC), XRF, XRD, SEM-EDS, GC-MS, and ATR-FTIR. A complementary analysis of the artist’s work allowed the characterisation of the fillers and the binders of the grounds and the paint layers in his art. The presented results showed that RS was especially useful for identifying the pigments used in the mixtures. It allowed the presence of Prussian blue in the blue and green colours to be determined and made it possible to distinguish the types of iron pigments in the mixtures. The method was useful also for the identification of several types of black pigments in the samples and to identify the massicot in the ground layers which contained another lead pigment – lead white. Tables and figures show the summation of test results carried out by RS analysis, the indication of specific chemical compounds in the painting layers and grounds, all of which provide additional information about the workshop of the most important painter of Polish Baroque. The main conclusion is that without using RS, it would be impossible to achieve these precise research results, helpful in the authentication of Szymon Czechowicz’s works.
description: Conservation Science in Cultural Heritage, Vol 19 (2019)
Shear sensor mechano-signaling determines tendon stiffness and human jumping performance
Creators: name: Passini, Fabian S.
name: Jaeger, Patrick K.
name: Saab, Aiman S.
name: Hanlon, Shawn
name: Arlt, Matthias
name: Ferrari, Kim David
name: Chittim, Nicole
name: Haenni, Dominik
name: Caprara, Sebastiano
name: Bollhalder, Maja
name: Horvath, Aron
name: Goetschi, Tobias
name: Ma, Shang
name: Passini-Tall, Bettina
name: Fucentese, Sandro
name: Blache, Ulrich
name: Silvan, Unai
name: Weber, Bruno
name: Grävare Silbernagel, Karin
name: Snedeker, Jess G.
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2020
Subjects: Mechanotransduction
Tendon
Calcium signaling
Ion Channels

description: Tendons enable movement by transferring muscle forces to the skeleton, and athletic performances critically rely on mechanically-optimized tendons. How load-bearing structures of tendon sense and adapt to physical demands is an open question of central importance to musculoskeletal medicine and human sports performance. Here, with calcium imaging in tendon explants and primary tendon cells we characterized how tenocytes detect mechanical forces and determined collagen fiber-sliding-induced shear stress as a key stimulus. CRISPR/Cas9 screening in human and rat tenocytes identified PIEZO1 as the crucial shear sensor. In rodents, elevated mechano-signaling increased tendon stiffness and strength both in vitro by pharmacological channel activation and in vivo by a Piezo1 gain-of-function mutation. Strikingly, humans carrying the PIEZO1 gain-of-function E756del mutation revealed a 16% average increase in normalized jumping height, with more effective storage of potential energy released during dynamic jumping maneuvers. We propose that PIEZO1-mediated mechano-signaling regulates tendon stiffness and impacts human athletic performance.
description: Research Square
description: ISSN:2693-5015
Variational Inference at Glacier Scale
Creators: name: Brinkerhoff, Douglas J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We characterize the complete joint posterior distribution over spatially-varying basal traction and and ice softness parameters of an ice sheet model from observations of surface speed by using stochastic variational inference combined with natural gradient descent to find an approximating variational distribution. By placing a Gaussian process prior over the parameters and casting the problem in terms of eigenfunctions of a kernel, we gain substantial control over prior assumptions on parameter smoothness and length scale, while also rendering the inference tractable. In a synthetic example, we find that this method recovers known parameters and accounts for mutual indeterminacy, both of which can influence observed surface speed. In an application to Helheim Glacier in Southeast Greenland, we show that our method scales to glacier-sized problems. We find that posterior uncertainty in regions of slow flow is high regardless of the choice of observational noise model.
Impact of topography on in-situ soil wetness measurements for regional landslide early warning – a case study from the Swiss Alpine Foreland
Creators: name: Wicki, Adrian
name: Lehmann Grunder, Peter Ulrich
name: Hauck, Christian
name: Stähli, Manfred
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2022

description: Recent studies have demonstrated the potential of in-situ soil wetness measurements to predict regional shallow landslides. Increasing availability of monitoring data from sensor networks provides valuable information for developing future regional landslide early warning systems (LEWSs), however, most existing monitoring sites are located on flat terrain. The question arises, if the representativeness for regional landslide activity would improve if sensors were installed on a landslide-prone hillslope? To address this, two soil wetness monitoring stations were installed at close proximity on a steep slope and on a flat location in the Napf region (Northern Alpine Foreland of Switzerland), and measurements were conducted over a period of 3 years. As both sites inhibit similar lithological, vegetation and precipitation characteristics, soil hydrological differences can be attributed to the impact of topography and hydrogeology. At the sloped site, conditions were generally wetter and less variable in time, and evidence was found for temporary lateral water transport along the slope. These differences were systematic and could be reduced by considering relative soil moisture changes. The application of a statistical landslide forecast model showed that both sites were equally able to distinguish critical from non-critical conditions for landslide triggering, which demonstrates the value of existing monitoring sites in flat areas for the application in LEWSs.
description: Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Discussions
Beyond the hospital stay: Targeting patient support via mobile technology to reduce risk, save time and improve care.
Creators: name: Saman, Ken
name: Saunders, Adrian
name: Kollias, James
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 111003 Clinical Nursing: Secondary (Acute Care)
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Health Care
subject: 111711 Health Information Systems (incl. Surveillance)

description: Beyond the hospital stay: Targeting patient support via mobile technology to reduce risk, save time and improve care. Presented at the Health Informatics Conference, Melbourne, Australia, 25-27 July 2016
title: Paratexte_Le Saint-lundi
Creators: name: AmateurS
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: Paratexte
description: ID_PARA_00869
Multicut Problems in Embedded Graphs: The Dependency of Complexity on the Demand Pattern
Creators: name: Focke, Jacob
name: Hörsch, Florian
name: Li, Shaohua
name: Marx, Dániel
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2024

description: The Multicut problem asks for a minimum cut separating certain pairs of vertices: formally, given a graph G and a demand graph H on a set T ⊆ V(G) of terminals, the task is to find a minimum-weight set C of edges of G such that whenever two vertices of T are adjacent in H, they are in different components of G⧵ C. Colin de Verdière [Algorithmica, 2017] showed that Multicut with t terminals on a graph G of genus g can be solved in time f(t,g) n^O(√{g²+gt+t}). Cohen-Addad et al. [JACM, 2021] proved a matching lower bound showing that the exponent of n is essentially best possible (for every fixed value of t and g), even in the special case of Multiway Cut, where the demand graph H is a complete graph. However, this lower bound tells us nothing about other special cases of Multicut such as Group 3-Terminal Cut (where three groups of terminals need to be separated from each other). We show that if the demand pattern is, in some sense, close to being a complete bipartite graph, then Multicut can be solved faster than f(t,g) n^{O(√{g²+gt+t})}, and furthermore this is the only property that allows such an improvement. Formally, for a class ℋ of graphs, Multicut(ℋ) is the special case where the demand graph H is in ℋ. For every fixed class ℋ (satisfying some mild closure property), fixed g, and fixed t, our main result gives tight upper and lower bounds on the exponent of n in algorithms solving Multicut(ℋ). In addition, we investigate a similar setting where, instead of parameterizing by the genus g of G, we parameterize by the minimum number k of edges of G that need to be deleted to obtain a planar graph. Interestingly, in this setting it makes a significant difference whether the graph G is weighted or unweighted: further nontrivial algorithmic techniques give substantial improvements in the unweighted case.
Spatial information for Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM): an example from the artificial Entrance Channel of the Gippsland Lakes, Australia
Creators: name: Wheeler, Peter
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Since 1889, an artificial entrance channel, cut through the swash aligned Holocene sandy outer barrier system known as the Ninety Mile Beach, has provided shipping access between the Gippsland Lakes and Bass Strait. From digital spatial data analysis using GIS-built versions of the hydrographic chart archive (spanning the years 1889-2005) accumulated by port authorities, both visual and net volumetric analyses of time-series Entrance Channel morphological changes have been made. Since the mid-1970s, channel sedimentation has imposed rising demands upon maintenance dredging regimes, which is a tendency that parallels the decline in streamflow discharge from the Gippsland Lakes catchment, and correlates with the introduction of specific sediment management regimes. Clear public policy implications emerge. They refer to the continued need for provision of a navigable shipping channel that will also be of sufficient depth to allow the escape to Bass Strait of any future catchment floodwaters. It is argued that adoption of a spatial data intensive Coastal Action Plan approach be considered in the future, to allow already established Victorian State Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) policy to be brought into practice.
A python package for fast interior modelling of terrestrial (exo-)planets using a Gibbs free energy minimization
Creators: name: Seidler, Fabian
name: Wang, Haiyang
name: Quanz, Sascha Patrick
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2022

description: With increasing capabilities of characterizing small rocky exoplanets beyond our solar system, the question of their chemistry, geology and interior structure arises. Accompanied by observational facilities capabale of giving a deeper look into this topic than ever before, modelling of the interior structure of exoplanets has become a standard procedure in the emerging field of exogeology. Most often, these research uses a simplified mineralogy – consisting of the major phases formed by  MgxFe1-xSiO3 and Mg2xFe2(1-x)SiO4 -  to construct the density profile of the planets mantle. Others have used the more sophisticated, but computationally expensive procedure of Gibbs free energy minimization to find the mantle equilibrium mineralogy (and hence its thermodynamical properties) from the first order chemistry of the planet. Here, we present a new Python/Cython software package capable of quickly inferring exoplanet interior structure by using a linearized Gibbs free energy minimization procedure - written in Cython - along an adiabatic mantle gradient. This simplifies and speeds up the interior structure modelling, reaching a runtime of ~7 seconds on a standard desktop PC for an Earth-sized planet, compared to ≥ 2 minutes with another interior structure and mineralogy solver, ExoPlex. We will demonstrate the use of the codes and its first application results at the assembly.
description: EGUsphere
Large linear magnetoresistance and evidence of degeneracy lifting of valence bands in rhombohedral phase of topological crystalline insulator SnTe
Creators: name: Baral, Sonali
name: Dasoundhi, Mukesh Kumar
name: Rajput, Indu
name: Kumar, Devendra
name: Lakhani, Archana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a comprehensive magneto-transport study on single crystalline p-type topological crystalline insulator (TCI) SnTe, across the cubic-to-rhombohedral (R3m) transition which occurs as a function of temperature. The electrical resistivity of a well-characterized SnTe crystal shows evidence for the cubic-to-rhombohedral structural transition at T$_s$ $\sim$64,K and a carrier density of $\sim$1.8$\times$10$^{20}$ at 77,K. As a function of applied magnetic field perpendicular to the (100) plane, SnTe exhibits a large unsaturated linear magnetoresistance (LMR) reaching a value of 42% at 5K and 8T. LMR is found to have a direct dependence on the mobility and a detailed analysis shows that it follows the classical Parish-Littlewood model of conductivity fluctuations arising from macroscopic inhomogeneity of tellurium interstitial atoms. We also observe SdH oscillations in the rhombohedral (R3m) phase with a Berry phase of $π$ and significantly lower carrier density $\sim$5.32$\times$10$^{11}$cm$^{-2}$ at 2K, which provides direct evidence of protected topological surface states in the (R3m) phase. The Hall conductivity shows a transformation from one band to two-band behavior across the structural transition, thus providing experimental evidence for the degeneracy lifting of bulk valence bands below the cubic symmetry breaking point which is consistent with recent band structure calculations. The overall results indicate that magneto-transport studies can distinctly probe the surface and bulk sensitive properties of SnTe, and can also track the band-splitting of degenerate bands at the Fermi level across the cubic-to-rhombohedral (R3m) transition.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures
Generalized hydrodynamics of the Lennard-Jones liquid in view of hidden scale invariance
Creators: name: Knudsen, Solvej
name: Todd, B. D.
name: Dyre, Jeppe C.
name: Hansen, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years lines along which structure and dynamics are invariant to a good approximation, so-called isomorphs, have been identified in the thermodynamic phase diagrams of several model liquids and solids. This paper reports computer simulations of the transverse and longitudinal collective dynamics at different length scales along an isomorph of the Lennard-Jones system. Our findings are compared to corresponding results along an isotherm and an isochore. Confirming the theoretical prediction, the reduced-unit dynamics of the transverse momentum density is invariant to a good approximation along the isomorph at all time and length scales. Likewise, the wave-vector dependent shear-stress autocorrelation function is found to be isomorph invariant. A similar invariance is not seen along the isotherm or the isochore. Using a spatially non-local hydrodynamic model for the transverse momentum-density time-autocorrelation function, the macroscopic shear viscosity and its wave dependence are determined, demonstrating that the shear viscosity is isomorph invariant on all length scales studied. This analysis implies the existence of a novel length scale which characterizes each isomorph. The transverse sound-wave velocity, the Maxwell relaxation time, and the rigidity shear modulus are also isomorph invariant. In contrast, the reduced-unit dynamics of the mass density is not invariant at length scales longer than the inter-particle distance. By fitting to a generalized hydrodynamic model, we extract values for the wave-vector-dependent thermal diffusion coefficient, sound attenuation coefficient, and adiabatic sound velocity. The isomorph variation of these quantities in reduced units at long length scales can be eliminated by scaling with the density-scaling, a fundamental quantity in the isomorph theory framework, an empirical observation that remains to be explained theoretically.
description: 19 pages, 22 figures
Ibo Island in the Quirimbas Archipelago. An Architectural Heritage Within a Natural Heritage
Creators: name: Berti, Maurizio
Publisher: name: Conservation Science in Cultural Heritage
Year: 2020
Subjects: Ibo; Quirimbas; architectural heritage; natural heritage; coral stone

description: This paper presents the method adopted in the study of Ibo, a small island of the Quirimbas Archipelago in northern Mozambique. Ibo is part of a larger study, begun in 2004 which is still ongoing. In the first phase, the author's attention was focused on the restoration of the historic architecture built with coral limestone. But very soon it became evident that it was necessary to study the context in which these coral architectures were built. After a few years of careful observation, it was apparent that coral stone architecture is strongly conditioned by the knowledge and conservation of the natural environment in which it is built. And in the case of Ibo, the beauty of its heritage and its conservation lies in the delicate balance between architecture and nature.
description: Conservation Science in Cultural Heritage, Vol 19 (2019)
Energy Stable L2 Schemes for Time-Fractional Phase-Field Equations
Creators: name: Quan, Chaoyu
name: Wang, Boyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65M06, 65M12, 74A50

description: In this article, the energy stability of two high-order L2 schemes for time-fractional phase-field equations is established. We propose a reformulation of the L2 operator and also some new properties on it. We prove the energy boundedness (by initial energy) of an L2 scalar auxiliary variable scheme for any phase-field equation and the fractional energy law of an implicit-explicit L2 Adams--Bashforth scheme for the Allen--Cahn equation. The stability analysis is based on a new Cholesky decomposition proposed recently by some of us.
Microwave Treatment of Stone Surfaces for the Devitalization of Biodeteriogens
Creators: name: Guerriero, Luigi
name: Cicala, Margherita
name: Chiacchio, Nicola
name: Bisceglia, Bruno
Publisher: name: Conservation Science in Cultural Heritage
Year: 2020
Subjects: disinfestation; pyroclastic lithotypes; stone materials; structural analysis

description: The experimental work described in this paper is aimed at evaluating the possibility of applying microwave heating to a restoration project. The technique involves the application of microwaves to stone surfaces affected by biodeterioration. Results showed that the pests were completely devitalised. The materials chosen for the survey were yellow and grey tuff. Samples of both tuffs were taken in the area of agro nocerino-sarnese and samples of lime mortar and brick were taken from a ruin located in Saint Eustachio (AV). The methodology consists of two phases: in the first, samples of material are placed in a reverberation chamber and treated by varying the parameters of power and exposure time; in the second, they underwent chemical-physical analysis aimed at establishing whether the treatment had induced aesthetic and/or structural alterations. The procedure was performed both on intact samples and on powdered samples for further analysis. Specifically selected and treated samples were subjected to colorimetric analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, of x-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, SEM, and analysis of transport properties and compressive strength. Results from the chemical and structural analyses relating to the samples treated with the protocol showed no differences between the treated and untreated material. The only difference between the two types of material used related to the absorption capacity of water after treatment. From this, it can be deduced that the heating of stone materials using microwaves devitalizes pests, while leaving the substrate unaltered and the microstructure unaffected by any change.
description: Conservation Science in Cultural Heritage, Vol 19 (2019)
Machine learning-based multiscale constitutive modelling: Development and application to dual-porosity mass transfer
Creators: name: Ashworth, Mark
name: Elsheikh, Ahmed
name: Doster, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In multiscale modelling, multiple models are used simultaneously to describe scale-dependent phenomena in a system of interest. Here we introduce a machine learning (ML)-based multiscale modelling framework for modelling hierarchical multiscale problems. In these problems, closure relations are required for the macroscopic problem in the form of constitutive relations. However, forming explicit closures for nonlinear and hysteretic processes remains challenging. Instead, we provide a framework for learning constitutive mappings given microscale data generated according to micro and macro transitions governed by two-scale homogenisation rules. The resulting data-driven model is then coupled to a macroscale simulator leading to a hybrid ML-physics-based modelling approach. Accordingly, we apply the multiscale framework within the context of transient phenomena in dual-porosity geomaterials. In these materials, the inter-porosity flow is a complex time-dependent function making its adoption within flow simulators challenging. We explore nonlinear feedforward autoregressive ML strategies for the constitutive modelling of this sequential problem. We demonstrate how to inject the resulting surrogate constitutive model into a simulator. We then compare the resulting hybrid approach to traditional dual-porosity and microscale models on a variety of tests. We show the hybrid approach to give high-quality results with respect to explicit microscale simulations without the computational burden of the latter. Lastly, the steps provided by the multiscale framework herein are sufficiently general to be applied to a variety of multiscale settings, using different data generation and learning techniques accordingly.
Multifaceted Analysis of Glazed Ceramics from Jordan: Raw Materials and Technological Aspects
Creators: name: Alawneh, Firas
name: Balaawi, Fadi
Publisher: name: Conservation Science in Cultural Heritage
Year: 2020
Subjects: chemical analysis; lead glaze; XRD, provenance; ICP-AES

description: The aim of this work was to study the chemical and micro-structural composition of Ayyubid/Mamluk glazed ceramics excavated from Tal Al Husun, Jordan. The investigations were conducted to obtain information on raw materials and their technical processing (provenance and technology). To identify the clay materials and the glaze, ceramic bodies as well as glazed layers were analyzed using ICP–AES, optical microscope and X- ray diffraction (XRD). The samples were classified into four groups according to their clay paste and ceramic color. Results revealed that the ceramic object was made of a homogeneous paste (composed of non-calcareous, non-ferrous clay) containing a high proportion of quartz; the study also indicated that the ceramic samples had a high lead (Pb) content. This type of glaze was prepared by brushing the body of the pottery vessels with a mixture of lead and silicate solution. The analysis by scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction and optical microscope showed that the Ayyubid/Mamluk potter fired his pottery using a double-combustion method at a temperature exceeding 1000° C. As for the raw material used in the manufacture of the clay paste, evidence shows that the pottery body was made of local source material, while the glaze material was not locally available, and this is evidence that it was imported.
description: Conservation Science in Cultural Heritage, Vol 19 (2019)
Gauge hierarchy from electroweak vacuum metastability
Creators: name: Khoury, Justin
name: Steingasser, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the possibility that the gauge hierarchy is a byproduct of the metastability of the electroweak vacuum, i.e., that whatever mechanism is responsible for the latter also sets the running Higgs mass to a value smaller than its natural value by many orders of magnitude. This perspective is motivated by the early-time framework for eternal inflation put forth recently, which favors vacua that are relatively short-lived, but applies more generally to any theoretical approach predicting that our vacuum should be metastable. We find that the metastability of the electroweak vacuum, together with the requirement that such a non-trivial vacuum exists, requires the Higgs mass to be smaller than the instability scale by around one order of magnitude. While this bound is quite weak in the Standard Model (SM), as the instability scale is $\sim 10^{11}$ GeV, simple and well-motivated extensions of the SM - concretely, the $ν$MSM with an approximate $B-\tilde{L}$ symmetry and the minimal SU(4)/Sp(4) composite Higgs model - can significantly tighten the bound by lowering the instability scale. We find that the bound can be brought down to $\simeq 10$ TeV where our perturbative treatment of the decay rate becomes unreliable. Our results imply that, assuming the SM symmetry breaking pattern, small running Higgs masses are a universal property of theories giving rise to metastability, suggesting a common origin of the two underlying fine-tunings and providing a strong constraint on any attempt to explain metastability.
description: v2: 24 pages, 6 figures. To appear in Physical Review D
Resonant superalgebras for supergravity
Creators: name: Durka, Remigiusz
name: Graczyk, Krzysztof M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Considering supergravity theory is a natural step in the development of gravity models. This paper follows the ``algebraic`` path and constructs possible extensions of the Poincaré and Anti-de-Sitter algebras, which inherit their basic commutation structure. Previously achieved results of this type are fragmentary and show only a limited fraction of possible algebraic realizations. Our paper presents the newly obtained symmetry algebras, evaluated within an efficient pattern-based computational method of generating the so-called 'resonating' algebraic structures. These supersymmetric extensions of algebras, going beyond the Poincaré and Anti-de Sitter ones, contain additional bosonic generators $Z_{ab}$ (Lorentz-like), and $U_a$ (translational-like) added to the standard Lorentz generator $J_{ab}$ and translation generator $P_{a}$. Our analysis includes all cases up to two fermionic supercharges, $Q_α$ and $Y_α$. The delivered plethora of superalgebras includes few past results and offers a vastness of new examples. The list of the cases is complete and contains all superalgebras up to two of Lorentz-like, translation-like, and supercharge-like generators $(JP+Q)+(ZU+Y)=JPZU+QY$. In the latter class, among $667$ founded superalgebras, the $264$ are suitable for direct supergravity construction. For each of them, one can construct a unique supergravity model defined by the Lagrangian. As an example, we consider one of the algebra configurations and provide its Lagrangian realization.
description: v2 (improved version prepared for publication), references added, 17 pages, additional supplement file
Spatial data compression and denoising via wavelet transformation
Creators: name: Pradhan, Biswajeet
name: Kumar, Sandeep
name: Mansor, Shattri
name: Ramli, Abdul Rahman
name: Sharif, Abdul Rashid B. Mohamed
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: A new interpolation wavelet filter for TIN data compression has been applied in two steps, namely splitting and lifting. In the splitting step, a triangle has been divided into several sub-triangles and the elevation step has been used to modify the point values (point coordinates for geometry) after the splitting. This data set is then compressed at the desired locations by using second-generation wavelets: scalar wavelets constructed by using a lifting scheme. Application of the compressed data compares favourably with results derived using the original (and much larger) TIN data set.
WSDM 2025 HyKG-CF
Creators: name: Hao, Huang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 420302
subject: Digital health
classificationCode: 420311
subject: Health systems

description: This repository contains the code and data for reproducing the experiments in our paper for WSDM 2025.
Please check the README.md for further instructions.
Atmospheric Retrieval of Terrestrial Solar System Planets for LIFE
Creators: name: Konrad, Björn
name: Alei, Eleonora
name: Angerhausen, Daniel
name: Quanz, Sascha Patrick
name: LIFE Collaboration
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2022

description: Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society, 54 (5)
description: ISSN:0002-7537
description: AASTCS 9: Exoplanets IV Abstracts
LIFEsim: Methods for predicting the exoplanet yield of the future LIFE mission
Creators: name: Dannert, Felix
name: Quanz, Sascha Patrick
name: Angerhausen, Daniel
name: LIFE Collaboration
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2022

description: Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society, 54 (4)
description: ISSN:0002-7537
description: AASTCS 9: Exoplanets IV Abstracts
The Large Interferometer for Exoplanets (LIFE): probing the diversity of terrestrial exoplanet atmospheres in the mid-infrared
Creators: name: Quanz, Sascha Patrick
name: LIFE Collaboration
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2022

description: Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society, 54 (4)
description: ISSN:0002-7537
description: AASTCS 9: Exoplanets IV Abstracts
Revisiting Type-II see-saw: Present Limits and Future Prospects at LHC
Creators: name: Ashanujjaman, Saiyad
name: Ghosh, Kirtiman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The type-II see-saw mechanism based on the annexation of the Standard Model by weak gauge triplet scalar field proffers a natural explanation for the very minuteness of neutrino masses. Noting that the phenomenology for the non-degenerate triplet Higgs spectrum is substantially contrasting than that for the degenerate one, we perform a comprehensive study for an extensive model parameter space parametrised by the triplet scalar vacuum expectation value (VEV), the mass-splitting between the triplet-like doubly and singly charged scalars and the mass of the doubly charged scalar. Considering all Drell-Yan production mechanisms for the triplet-like scalars and taking into account the all-encompassing complexity of their decays, we derive the most stringent 95% CL lower limits on the mass of the doubly charged scalar for a vast model parameter space by implementing already existing direct collider searches by CMS and ATLAS. These estimated limits are beyond those from the existing LHC searches by approximately 50-230 GeV. However, we also find that a specific region of the parameter space is not constrained by the LHC searches. Then, we forecast future limits by extending an ATLAS search at high-luminosity, and we propose a search strategy that yields improved limits for a part of the parameter space.
description: 23 pages, 11 figures
Magnetoelastic anisotropy in Heusler-type Mn$_{2-δ}$CoGa$_{1+δ}$ films
Creators: name: Kubota, Takahide
name: Takano, Daichi
name: Kota, Yohei
name: Mohanty, Shaktiranjan
name: Ito, Keita
name: Matsuki, Mitsuhiro
name: Hayashida, Masahiro
name: Sun, Mingling
name: Takeda, Yukiharu
name: Saitoh, Yuji
name: Bedanta, Subhankar
name: Kimura, Akio
name: Takanashi, Koki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Perpendicular magnetization is essential for high-density memory application using magnetic materials. High-spin polarization of conduction electrons is also required for realizing large electric signals from spin-dependent transport phenomena. Heusler alloy is a well-known material class showing the half-metallic electronic structure. However, its cubic lattice nature favors in-plane magnetization and thus minimizes the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA), in general. This study focuses on an inverse-type Heusler alloy, Mn$_{2-δ}$CoGa$_{1+δ}$ (MCG) with a small off-stoichiometry ($δ$) , which is expected to be a half-metallic material. We observed relatively large uniaxial magnetocrystalline anisotropy constant ($K_\mathrm{u}$) of the order of 10$^5$ J/m$^3$ at room temperature in MCG films with a small tetragonal distortion of a few percent. A positive correlation was confirmed between the $c/a$ ratio of lattice constants and $K_\mathrm{u}$. Imaging of magnetic domains using Kerr microscopy clearly demonstrated a change in the domain patterns along with $K_\mathrm{u}$. X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) was employed using synchrotron radiation soft x-ray beam to get insight into the origin for PMA. Negligible angular variation of orbital magnetic moment ($Δm_\mathrm{orb}$) evaluated using the XMCD spectra suggested a minor role of the so-called Bruno's term to $K_\mathrm{u}$. Our first principles calculation reasonably explained the small $Δm_\mathrm{orb}$ and the positive correlation between the $c/a$ ratio and $K_\mathrm{u}$. The origin of the magnetocrystalline anisotropy was discussed based on the second-order perturbation theory in terms of the spin--orbit coupling, claiming that the mixing of the occupied $\uparrow$- and the unoccupied $\downarrow$-spin states is responsible for the PMA of the MCG films.
Development of a Peer-to-Peer Mind Map Learning Activity for a Third-year Undergraduate Course in Quantitative Analysis for Decision Making in Business at Prince of Songkla University
Creators: name: Daranat Tansui
Publisher: name: Thonburi University
Year: 2022
Subjects: mind map
peer-to-peer
effectiveness index E1/E2

description: Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Thonburi University, 16, 1, 1-12
Do saber ao bem estar: uma nova bioexperiência Romana
Creators: name: Reis, Emanuel
name: Colaço, Ana
name: Rodrigues, Miguel
name: Dias, Filipe
name: Santos, Ana
name: Silva, Ana
name: Francisco, Maria Luisa
name: Garcia, Cristina
name: Brigas, Amadeu
name: Azambuja, Sónia Talhé
name: Fernandes, Paulo
name: Silva, Ana Paula
name: Flores, Ruben
name: Tomás, André
name: Marcelo, Pedro
name: Tomás, André
name: Veiga-Pires, Cristina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: DiVaM
Romano
CCVAlg
Milreu

description: A iniciativa “Do saber ao bem estar: uma nova bio-experiência romana" é uma atividade desenvolvida no âmbito do programa DiVaM e enquadrada nas Jornadas Europeias do Património 2016 e dá continuidade à atividade já realizada no ano anterior, intitulada “Do saber ao sabor: uma bio-experiência romana.”
 A Villa de Milreu é um exemplo do modelo de ocupação romana da região da Iberia, centrada na exploração dos recursos agrícolas, marinhos e na produção de bens alimentares, que eram exportados por via marítima para os portos do Império.
 Com esta “nova bio-experiência” pretende-se proporcionar aos participantes a possibilidade de vivenciar a cultura e costumes do Algarve Romano à luz de um enquadramento científico, mas informal e lúdico, segundo uma abordagem alternativa à que foi explorada na edição do ano passado, focando este ano nas plantas.
description: Financiado pela Direcção Geral de Cultura do Algarve ao abrigo do Programa DiVaM
Parafermions in a multilegged geometry: Towards a scalable parafermionic network
Creators: name: Khanna, Udit
name: Goldstein, Moshe
name: Gefen, Yuval
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Parafermionic zero modes are non-Abelian excitations which have been predicted to emerge at the boundary of topological phases of matter. Contrary to earlier proposals, here we show that such zero modes may also exist in multilegged star junctions of quantum Hall states. We demonstrate that the quantum states spanning the degenerate parafermionic Hilbert space may be detected and manipulated through protocols employing quantum antidots and fractional edge modes. Such star-shaped setups may be the building blocks of two-dimensional parafermionic networks.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures. v2: Includes a new Supplemental Material + Minor changes to the article. v3: Published Version
Spatial (GIS-based) decision support system for the Westernport region
Creators: name: Pelizaro, Claudia
name: McDonald, David
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This paper presents the conceptual design of a spatial decision support system (SDSS) proposed for Victorias Westernport region that aims for the sustainable and integrated (whole-of-catchment) management of regional natural resources. It is a solution integrating a range of approaches including, GIS technology, a scenario management tool, state-of-art terrestrial and marine models, environmental management strategy evaluation and multi-criteria techniques.Traditionally, GIS are key to (spatial) data management, but lack problem domain modelling capability. This means additional processing or analytical capabilities are needed to extend functionality for decision making. The Westernport SDSS builds upon a GIS but draws on models and data processing systems and interacts with other parts of an overall information system to support decision-making. This system utilises a number of models that are interlinked through a cascade of their results. Put simply, one set of model results input into the next in a modelling chain. The system will derive a set of socio-economic-environmental measures (performance indicators), such as land use, nutrient and sediment concentration in water (water quality measures), and other relevant indicators for coastal and bay ecosystems. Users will then be able to systematically compare alternative natural resource management plans and strategies in light of multiple and possibly conflicting criteria. By integrating relevant models within a structured framework, the system will promote transparency of policy development and natural resources management.
Ghost and Tachyon Free Propagation up to spin-3 in Lorentz Invariant Field Theories
Creators: name: Marzo, Carlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We complete the set of spin-projector operators for fields up to rank-3 by providing all operators connecting sectors with same spin and parity. In this way we can broaden the search for unitary and non-tachyonic particle propagation in quadratic lagrangian with inter-field mixing. We use the properties of projector algebra to reanalyze known theories and shed light towards new healthy ones. We do so with full control over the gauge constraints by working the form of the saturated propagator in an appropriate frame of reference.
description: Ancillary file provided with the new mixing operators connecting different spin/parity sectors. v2: added references and cosmetic-induced changes. Content unchanged. v3: matches published PRD version. Mixing operators are now added in the appendix. Some verbose comments removed, original content stressed, results unchanged
Malaise and remedy of binary boson-star initial data
Creators: name: Helfer, Thomas
name: Sperhake, Ulrich
name: Croft, Robin
name: Radia, Miren
name: Ge, Bo-Xuan
name: Lim, Eugene A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Through numerical simulations of boson-star head-on collisions, we explore the quality of binary initial data obtained from the superposition of single-star spacetimes. Our results demonstrate that evolutions starting from a plain superposition of individual boosted boson-star spacetimes are vulnerable to significant unphysical artefacts. These difficulties can be overcome with a simple modification of the initial data suggested in [PRD 99 (2018) 044046] for collisions of oscillatons. While we specifically consider massive complex scalar field boson star models up to a 6th-order-polynomial potential, we argue that this vulnerability is universal and present in other kinds of exotic compact systems and hence needs to be addressed.
description: 28 pages, 9 figures, submitted to Classical Quantum Gravity