cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
2003 Business Analysis Summary Feeder Steers
Creators: name: Wittenberg, Eric
name: Black, J. Roy
name: Wittenberg, Eric
name: Black, J. Roy
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: This report summarizes the financial and production records of 10 Michigan feeder steer farms. To be included, the farms must have produced at least 50 percent of gross cash farm income from feeder steer sales. The records came from Michigan State University's TelFarm/MicroTel project, the Farm Credit Service system, or by AgriSolutions in Michigan. The values were pooled into averages for reporting purposes. Farm records were included if a farm financial summary was completed on 2003 data including beginning and ending balance sheets, plus income and expenses. The data were checked to verify that cash discrepancy was less than 10% of gross cash inflow and that debt discrepancy was less than $1,000. While considerable variation in the data exists, average values are reported in the summary tables.
Non-resonant subwavelength imaging by dielectric microparticles
Creators: name: Heydarian, R.
name: Simovski, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently a hypothesis explaining the non-resonant mechanism of subwavelength imaging granted by a dielectric microsphere has been suggested. In accordance to the hypothesis, the far-field image of a subwavelength scatterer strongly coupled to a microsphere by near fields is offered by the scatterer polarization normal to the sphere surface. The radiation of a closely located normally oriented dipole is shaped by the microsphere so that the transmitted wave beam has a practically flat phase front. Then this beam turns out to be imaging -- keeping the subwavelength information about the dipole location. However, this mechanism of subwavelength imaging was only supposed in our previous paper. In this paper, we present a theoretical study which confirms this hypothesis and better explains the underlying physics. In several scenarios of the imaging beam evolution either a flat or a slightly diverging phase front of the hollow wave beam formed by a microsphere enables the deeply subwavelength ($0.1-0.2λ$) resolution of two dipole sources. We numerically simulate one of these scenarios -- that one in which the focusing lens is located closer than the Rayleigh diffraction length to the beam-forming microsphere and represents a microsphere itself. In our simulations we replace a 3D microsphere by a 2D "sphere" (microcylinder) so that to use an available electromagnetic solver for dielectric microparticles of very large optical sizes. The physical mechanism of the imaging does not suffer of this replacement.
PRIVATIZING MARKETS FOR HETEROGENOUS, EXPERIENCE GOODS: COFFEE IN NORTHWEST CAMEROON
Creators: name: Wessen, Paul D.
name: Oehmke, James F.
name: Wessen, Paul D.
name: Oehmke, James F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Reform and privatization of administratively controlled marketing parastatals is always a thorny issue. Reform of public coffee parastatals is one of the most fascinating and trickiest exercises in free-market development. Coffee, a heterogenous, experience good, undergoes several processing stages with imperfect quality control, leading to agency problems. Successful privatization must address these problems. This paper analyzes the reform and partial privatization of the North West Cooperative Association (NWCA) parastatal in Cameroon. A conceptual, principal-agent framework informs the analysis. In an interesting twist, the reforms structured the marketing chain so that farmers are the residual claimants to profits from international sales, in effect making them the principals. As is suggested by the conceptual framework, empirical work confirms that farmers as principals have reinvested in coffee quality. However, the evidence also shows that agency problems still exist at later stages of the marketing chain. This is consistent with the principal-agent framework, since incentive-compatible contracts are not used in this marketing chain. The paper concludes by drawing more general lessons about how incomplete information and incentive structure issues arising from imperfect markets might be handled within the context of market liberalization.
THE ROLE OF REGIONAL TRADE IN AGRICULTURAL TRANSFORMATION: THE CASE OF WEST AFRICA FOLLOWING THE DEVALUATION OF THE CFA FRANC
Creators: name: Yade, Mbaye
name: Chohin-Kuper, Anne
name: Kelly, Valerie A.
name: Staatz, John M.
name: Tefft, James F.
name: Yade, Mbaye
name: Chohin-Kuper, Anne
name: Kelly, Valerie A.
name: Staatz, John M.
name: Tefft, James F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: In this paper, we analyze the progress made in realizing this anticipated boost in economic growth for three agricultural subsectors: cereals, livestock/meat, and horticultural products. We begin with a discussion of the agricultural sector in general, based on an overview of the trends in macroeconomic indicators following the devaluation (section 2). Section 3 examines changes in the trading environment and the reaction of markets to these changes. Section 4 describes the responses of producers and traders to the new opportunities offered by the devaluation; the analysis looks at input/output price trends, trading opportunities and their impact on production. We conclude in section 5 by evaluating the results obtained, drawing conclusions about the devaluation's impact on agricultural transformation, and offering recommendations concerning future directions.
Second Annual Performance Survey of Reinforced Concrete Pipe Culverts
Creators: name: Hughes, Ronald D.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1962
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: A criteria for the design and installation of reinforced concrete pipe culverts was developed by the Bureau of Public Roads in cooperation with the American Concrete Pipe Association and distributed to the various highway agencies in April, 1957, under Circular Memorandum 22-40. This criteria was developed in order to bring together and simplify methods for computing necessary pipe strengths for use under various heights of fill and provide for more effective utilization of reinforced concrete pipe for use as culverts. The memorandum also described various methods for bedding reinforced concrete pipe and outlined procedures for installation of the pipe under the various bedding conditions.
Evaluation of Calcium-Chloride Maintained, Traffic-Bound Roads
Creators: name: Laughlin, George R.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1962
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: Calcium chloride has been used on unpaved road surfaces for over fifty years. Originally, it was used as a dust palliative and later as a stabilizing agent. Observations have shown that traffic-bound roads containing well-graded aggregate and sufficient binder tend to have smooth, stable surfaces. While the binder remains in a damp, cohesive state, the road surface remains in a smooth, compact condition. If the surface becomes dry, dusting and attrition becomes pronounced. Therefore, for a properly constructed traffic-bound base to remain in smooth, stable condition, it is essential that the surface remain damp. Calcium chloride, being a hygroscopic and deliquescent material, will absorb and retain moisture in a properly constructed traffic-bound base. These properties have favored its use as a stabilizing agent in traffic-bound bases.
Construction Report on Experimental Use of Natural, Bituminous, Quartz Sandstone (Kentucky Rock Asphalt) as a Traffic-Bound Aggregate
Creators: name: Laughlin, George R.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1962
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: Major deposits of natural, bituminous, quartz sandstone (Kentucky Rock Asphalt) occur in six counties of western Kentucky and a few minor deposits occur in eastern Kentucky. Crushed rock asphalt has been used extensively in Kentucky and elsewhere for over 50 years for surfacing roads.* The most productive area was in Edmonson County where the Caseyville and Bee Springs formations were quarried and mined. These deposits have been described as oil-pools which are now defunct and from which only the asphaltic residue remains. The bitumen content of the rock varies locally in a quarry or mine; and, because of this, enormous quantities of lean rock asphalt (containing up to seven percent bitumen) were wasted as tailings in obtaining material having a higher bitumen content.
Variability of Fe II Emission Features in the Seyfert 1 Galaxy NGC 5548
Creators: name: Vestergaard, M.
name: Peterson, B. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the low-contrast Fe II emission blends in the ultraviolet (1250--2200A) and optical (4000--6000A) spectra of the Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 5548 and show that these features vary in flux and that these variations are correlated with those of the optical continuum. The amplitude of variability of the optical Fe II emission is 50% - 75% that of Hbeta and the ultraviolet Fe II emission varies with an even larger amplitude than Hbeta. However, accurate measurement of the flux in these blends proves to be very difficult even using excellent Fe II templates to fit the spectra. We are able to constrain only weakly the optical Fe II emission-line response timescale to a value less than several weeks; this upper limit exceeds all the reliably measured emission-line lags in this source so it is not particularly meaningful. Nevertheless, the fact that the optical Fe II and continuum flux variations are correlated indicates that line fluorescence in a photoionized plasma, rather than collisional excitation, is responsible for the Fe II emission. The iron emission templates are available upon request.
description: 34 pages including 12 figures and 2 tables. Accepted for publication by ApJ (tentatively in vol. 626 June 10, 2005)
2000 BUSINESS ANALYSIS SUMMARY FOR FRUIT FARMS
Creators: name: Nott, Sherrill B.
name: Nott, Sherrill B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: This report is a summary of the financial and production records kept by fruit farmers enrolled in the Telfarm/Micro Tel record program through Michigan State University Extension. This report has three purposes: 1)to provide statistical information about the financial results on fruit farms during 2000; 2) to provide production costs for comparative analysis and forward planning; and 3) to provide information on the trends in resource use, income and costs during the last few years.
Robust Learning by Self-Transition for Handling Noisy Labels
Creators: name: Song, Hwanjun
name: Kim, Minseok
name: Park, Dongmin
name: Shin, Yooju
name: Lee, Jae-Gil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Real-world data inevitably contains noisy labels, which induce the poor generalization of deep neural networks. It is known that the network typically begins to rapidly memorize false-labeled samples after a certain point of training. Thus, to counter the label noise challenge, we propose a novel self-transitional learning method called MORPH, which automatically switches its learning phase at the transition point from seeding to evolution. In the seeding phase, the network is updated using all the samples to collect a seed of clean samples. Then, in the evolution phase, the network is updated using only the set of arguably clean samples, which precisely keeps expanding by the updated network. Thus, MORPH effectively avoids the overfitting to false-labeled samples throughout the entire training period. Extensive experiments using five real-world or synthetic benchmark datasets demonstrate substantial improvements over state-of-the-art methods in terms of robustness and efficiency.
description: Accepted at KDD 2021
Can we ignore magnetic fields in studies of PN formation, shaping and interaction with the ISM?
Creators: name: Soker, Noam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Yes. (As this paper summarizes my talk at the Planetary Nebulae As Astronomical Tools meeting [Gdansk, June 2005], I stay as close as possible to the presentation I gave at the Gdansk meeting. Hence, the title is as was given by the organizers, and the abstract is my original one.)
description: to appear in Planetary Nebulae As Astronomical Tools, eds. G. Stasinska and R. Szczerba (AIP Conference Proceedings)
Combinatorics and distributions of partial injections
Creators: name: Ganyushkin, Olexandr
name: Mazorchuk, Volodymyr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A19

description: We obtain several combinatorial results about chains, cycles and orbits of the elements of the symmetric inverse semigroup $\IS_n$ and the set $T_n$ of nilpotent elements in $\IS_n$. We also get some estimates for the growth of $|\IS_n|$ and $|T_n|$, and study random products of elements from $\IS_n$.
description: 27pages
A measurement-based variational quantum eigensolver
Creators: name: Ferguson, Ryan R.
name: Dellantonio, Luca
name: Jansen, Karl
name: Balushi, Abdulrahim Al
name: Dür, Wolfgang
name: Muschik, Christine A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Variational quantum eigensolvers (VQEs) combine classical optimization with efficient cost function evaluations on quantum computers. We propose a new approach to VQEs using the principles of measurement-based quantum computation. This strategy uses entagled resource states and local measurements. We present two measurement-based VQE schemes. The first introduces a new approach for constructing variational families. The second provides a translation of circuit-based to measurement-based schemes. Both schemes offer problem-specific advantages in terms of the required resources and coherence times.
description: Five pages of main text and three pages of supplemental material
Making choices : examining Musqueam agency at Stselax village during the post-contact period
Creators: name: Poulsen, Michelle Diane
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Musqueam East or DhRt2 is the archaeological remains of the Musqueam village of Stselax. The site is located on the west coast of mainland British Columbia, and the original excavation was carried out by Charles Borden in the 1950's-60's. Dating from AD 1250 to late contact times, Musqueam East provides an uninterrupted archaeological record of the contact period from indirect contact through the fur trade and European colonization. This record allows an examination of the European goods Musqueam people chose to use at this village. This thesis examines the glass, metal, and ceramic artifacts from the Charles House excavation at Musqueam East. Using manufacturing and decoration techniques as temporal markers, the artifacts are assigned to a time range during the post-contact period. This data is compared to explorers 'journals and the Fort Langley journals in order to explore Musqueam agency through time. Three periods of contact are examined: Years of Exploration (1774-1826), The Fur Trade Years (1827-1857), and European Colonization and Settlement (1858 onwards). A pattern emerges showing that the earliest European goods and ideas integrated into Musqueam culture were used in ways consistent with Musqueam values, beliefs, and practices. This includes household items and blankets. Only in the last period of contact, when Europeans are colonizing and settling the Fraser Delta, is there a change in the material record showing European impact on fundamentally Musqueam activities and the material goods associated with those activities including ceremonialism, woodworking, and fishing. By comparing what is preserved at the site with what was available to Musqueam people at different times throughout the contact period, Musqueam actions and decisions are given a voice beyond the written records of European traders.
[Frank Morgan Washo Texts I]
Creators: name: Frank, John
name: Mordy, Brooke
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: was
subject: Washo language

description: The first 25:41 of audio links to transcribed and annotated content in 2014-21.003.039, 2014-21.003.040, 2014-21.003.041, 2014-21.004.020, 2014-21.004.021, and 2014-21.004.022 and includes narrative texts recorded on two dates: from February 7, 1968 - “Prayers”, “Creation Tale”, “Religious Concept”, and “Capt. Jim to Washington”; and from February 14, 1968 - “Prophecy of Monkey Peter”, “Why humans have hands like lizard”, “Pine-nut soup”, and “Acorn soup” which is noted as being “continued on Tape #2”. The stories recorded after 25:41 are not associated with paper transcriptions. This recording is annotated as Tape #1 of 3; Tape #2 is in 2014-21.006.003 and Tape #3 in 2014-21.006.004.
The embedded cluster DBSB48 in the nebula Hoffleit18: comparison with Trumpler14
Creators: name: Ortolani, S.
name: Bonatto, C.
name: Bica, E.
name: Momany, Y.
name: Barbuy, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive fundamental parameters of the embedded cluster DBSB48 in the southern nebula Hoffleit18 and the very young open cluster Trumpler14, by means of deep JHKs infrared photometry. We build colour-magnitude and colour-colour diagrams to derive reddening and age, based on main sequence and pre-main sequence distributions. Radial stellar density profiles are used to study cluster structure and guide photometric diagram extractions. Field-star decontamination is applied to uncover the intrinsic cluster sequences in the diagrams. Ages are inferred from K-excess fractions. A prominent pre-main-sequence population is present in DBSB48, and the K-excess fraction f_K=55+/-6% gives an age of 1.1+/-0.5Myr. A mean reddening of A_K_s=0.9+/-0.03 was found, corresponding to $A_V=8.2\pm0.3$. The cluster CMD is consistent with the far kinematic distance of 5 kpc for Hoffleit 18. For Trumpler 14 we derived similar parameters as in previous studies in the optical, in particular an age of $1.7\pm0.7$ Myr. The fraction of stars with infrared excess in Trumpler 14 is $f_K=28\pm4%$. Despite the young ages, both clusters are described by a King profile with core radii $\rc=0.46\pm0.05$ pc and $\rc=0.35\pm0.04$ pc, respectively for DBSB 48 and Trumpler 14. Such cores are smaller than those of typical open clusters. Small cores are probably related to the cluster formation and/or parent molecular cloud fragmentation. In DBSB 48, the magnitude extent of the upper main sequence is $Δ\ks\approx2$ mag, while in Trumpler 14 it is $Δ\ks\approx5$ mag, consistent with the estimated ages.
description: 25 pages, 11 figures. Accepted by New Astronomy
Absence of absolutely continuous diffraction spectrum for certain S-adic tilings
Creators: name: Nagai, Yasushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37B52, 52C23, 37A30

description: Quasiperiodic tilings are often considered as structure models of quasicrystals. In this context, it is important to study the nature of the diffraction measures for tilings. In this article, we investigate the diffraction measures for S-adic tilings in R^d, which are constructed from a family of geometric substitution rules. In particular, we firstly give a sufficient condition for the absolutely continuous component of the diffraction measure for an S-adic tiling to be zero. Next, we prove this sufficient condition for "almost all" binary block-substitution cases and thus prove the absence of the absolutely continuous diffraction spectrum for most of the S-adic tilings from a family of binary block substitutions.
description: 30 pages, two figures
Recent Changes in EC Agricultural Policy: a 1987-88 policy review
Creators: name: Manegold, Dirk
name: Manegold, Dirk
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1988
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: New provisions for improved management of price and market policy, implementation of supplementary programs of alleged supply control, and procurement of additional financial resources have. during the last 12 months, deeply affected EC agricultural policy. The present policy is briefly reviewed, highlighting these developments and suggesting likely consequences. The state of information being 1 May 1988, the latest revision of EC agricultural prices (1988-89 marketing year) is dealt with on the basis of the first draft of the Commission's annual price package.
First-order formalism for bent brane
Creators: name: Afonso, V. I.
name: Bazeia, D.
name: Losano, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work deals with braneworld scenarios in the presence of real scalar field with standard dynamics. We show that the first-order formalism, which exists in the case of flat brane, can be extended to bent brane, for both de Sitter and anti-de Sitter geometry. We illustrate the results with some examples of current interest to high energy physics.
description: RevTex, 6 pages; version to appear in PLB
An Integrated Package for Linear Programming
Creators: name: Pannell, David J.
name: Pannell, David J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1988
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Batterham (1987) described a computer program which eases entry of mathematical programming data. Users of the program first use a text editor to enter data in a relatively efficient format, which the program then converts into MPS format as required by most mathematical programming solution programs. Alternatively the program can read and convert data from a microcomputer spreadsheet data file. This note is a description of a microcomputer program which has advantages over each of these procedures. The program, GULP (General, User friendly Linear Programming), is an integrated package of procedures for data entry, matrix printing and model solution. GULP has particular advantages for education and has been used in a number of courses in Western Australia.
Multiple timescales and the parametrisation method in geometric singular perturbation theory
Creators: name: Lizarraga, Ian
name: Rink, Bob
name: Wechselberger, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a novel method for computing slow manifolds and their fast fibre bundles in geometric singular perturbation problems. This coordinate-independent method is inspired by the parametrisation method introduced by Cabré, Fontich and de la Llave. By iteratively solving a so-called conjugacy equation, our method simultaneously computes parametrisations of slow manifolds and fast fibre bundles, as well as the dynamics on these objects, to arbitrarily high degrees of accuracy. We show the power of this top-down method for the study of systems with multiple (i.e., three or more) timescales. In particular, we highlight the emergence of hidden timescales and show how our method can uncover these surprising multiple timescale structures. We also apply our parametrisation method to several reaction network problems.
description: Accepted for publication in Nonlinearity; 33 pages, 5 figures
Agricultural Economics Training at the University of Queensland
Creators: name: Wegener, Malcolm K.
name: Vinning, Grant S.
name: Wegener, Malcolm K.
name: Vinning, Grant S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1988
Subjects: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: Agricultural Economics training is well developed at both undergraduate and postgraduate levels at the University of Queensland. The undergraduate subjects in this discipline are formally listed in the schedules for both the B.Agr.Sc. and the B.Econ. degrees. However, students enrolled for many other degrees (e.g. B.A., B.Com., B.E., B.Sc.) also take agricultural economics subjects as electives. Postgraduate students may enrol for a one year Diploma or two year Masters of Agricultural Studies. These awards are mainly coursework with a short dissertation. The research Masters and Ph.D. degrees have also attracted a significant number of successful candidates.
Effects of the CP Odd Dipole Operators on Gluino Production at Hadron Colliders
Creators: name: Alan, A. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the cross sections for the hadroproduction of gluinos by taking into account the CP odd dipole operators in supersymmetric QCD. The dependence of the cross sections on these operators is analyzed for the hadron colliders the Tevatron ($\sqrt S$=1.8 TeV) and the Cern LHC ($\sqrt{S}$=14 TeV). The enhancement of the hadronic cross section is obviously mass dependent and for a 500 GeV gluino, is up to 16 % (over 73 pb) at the LHC while it is 8 % (over 0.63 fb) at the Tevatron.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures and 4 tables
title: Pavement Roughness Studies
title: (A Progress Report)
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Rizenbergs, Rolands L.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1962
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: Road roughness testing in Kentucky was first reported in 1949 (1). At that time, emphasis was placed on localized irregularities in pavement profiles detectable by a roller-type straight edge. The experience gained then pointed to the necessity for making a fast, continuous recording of characteristics of the road which would be more closely related to riding quality. Subsequent progress reports (2)(3) dealing with the development of triaxial acceleration as applied to the evaluation of pavement riding qualities emphasized riding comfort or discomfort. The accelerations monitored then were evaluated in terms of g's per seconds or "jerk", which is considered by some authorities to be a more significant index of comfort. This earlier method of analysis was later reviewed, and the resultant report (4) in 1961, of which this report is a continuation, considered acceleration in g's to be the most practical parameter to use in describing pavement roughness. However, only the accelerations in the vertical direction are considered in the present method of analysis. The previous reports contain descriptions of instruments and methods of recording roughness and of determining roughness indexes.
Gumsabayeʔ Bugayay
Creators: name: Frank, Clara
name: Holbrook, Bertha
name: Jacobsen, William H.
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: was
subject: Washo language

description: Recording made by William H. Jacobsen of two Washo consultants, Clara Frank and Bertha Holbrook, singing and reciting a prayer; the prayer is followed by a discussion in English about the prayer, and then a discussion about prayer in general.
title: Cutback Asphalt Emulsion Primer, Type L, Nelson County, Project RS Group 38
title: (1961)
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Shackelford, J. D.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1962
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: Personnel of the Research Division visited the Nelson County project to observe the application and behavior of the cutback asphalt emulsion primer, Type L, on Ky. 733, northeast of Boston. The following remarks concerning this project are submitted for your information.
Rényi free energy and variational approximations to thermal states
Creators: name: Giudice, Giacomo
name: Çakan, Aslı
name: Cirac, J. Ignacio
name: Bañuls, Mari Carmen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose the construction of thermodynamic ensembles that minimize the Rényi free energy, as an alternative to Gibbs states. For large systems, the local properties of these Rényi ensembles coincide with those of thermal equilibrium, and they can be used as approximations to thermal states. We provide algorithms to find tensor network approximations to the 2-Rényi ensemble. In particular, a matrix-product-state representation can be found by using gradient-based optimization on Riemannian manifolds, or via a non-linear evolution which yields the desired state as a fixed point. We analyze the performance of the algorithms and the properties of the ensembles on one-dimensional spin chains.
Rights and wrongs of the Hipparcos data: A critical assessment of the Hipparcos catalogue
Creators: name: van Leeuwen, Floor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A critical assessment of the quality of the Hipparcos data, partly supported by a completely new analysis of the raw data, is presented with the aim of clarifying reliability issues that have surfaced since the publication of the Hipparcos catalogue in 1997. A number of defects in the data are identified, such as scan-phase discontinuities and effects of external hits. These defects can be repaired when re-reducing the raw data. Instabilities in the great-circle reduction process are recognised and identified in a number of data sets. These resulted mainly from the difficult observing conditions imposed by the anomalous orbit of the satellite. The stability of the basic angle over the mission is confirmed, but the connectivity between the two fields of view has been less than optimal for some parts of the sky. Both are fundamental conditions for producing absolute parallaxes. Although there is clear room for improvement of the Hipparcos data, the catalogue as published remains generally reliable within the quoted accuracies. Some of the findings presented here are also relevant for the forthcoming Gaia mission.
description: Accepted for publication by A&A, 18 pages, 23 figures Typo corrected
Effects of Antimony Deposition on Field-Emission Current Density of Ge/Si
Creators: name: Burobina, Veronika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To estimate the field-emission current density of a germanium/silicon heterosystem, 20-nm Ge/Si(100) were grown by molecular beam epitaxy. The surface of one sample was covered with a layer of antimony, which was removed in vacuum prior to the samples being measured. A second sample of Ge/Si was exposed to room air in the absence of antimony. The current-voltage characteristics of both samples obtained by scanning tunneling microscopy were discovered to be in agreement with classical Fowler-Nordheim theory. The density of emission current from Ge nanocrystal exceeds the density of emission current from the wetting layer of Ge/Si. The density of emission current of pure Ge nanocrystal is less than the density of emission current of Ge nanocrystal with adsorption layers.
Unconventional Filling Factor 4/11: A Closed-Form Ground State Wave Function
Creators: name: Das, Sahana
name: Das, Sudipto
name: Mandal, Sudhansu S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ground state at 4/11 filling factor is very well understood [Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 016801 (2014)] in terms of the 1/3 filled second effective Landau level of the composite fermions whose correlations resemble with that of electrons in the ground state of two-body Haldane pseudo-potential of relative angular momentum 3, $V_3$. We here propose a closed-form ground state wave function for $V_3$ at 1/3 filling factor. We successfully compare it with the exact wave function for the systems with a few electrons, by calculating their mutual overlap, pair-correlation function, and entanglement spectra. By numerical exact diagonalization for a few electron systems, we find a window of nonzero $V_3$ is essential together with $V_1$ for being 4/11 state incompressible. The constructed wave function for 4/11 state using this proposed wave function has satisfactorily high overlap with the previously studied composite-fermion-diagonalized ground state wave function.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Processed Kentucky Rock Asphalt
Creators: name: Phelan, P. F.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1962
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: Attached are three copies each of two laboratory reports covering tests on a 50 lb. sample of processed Kentucky rock asphalt forwarded to our laboratory by Mr. C. H. McKinney. The sample arrived June 6. These reports include results of laboratory analysis and evaluation tests - and small scale road tests - to determine the proper amount of tar to be added to the processed material to produce a satisfactory road surfacing mixture.
Investigation of Aggregate Occurrence in Logan County, Kentucky
Creators: name: Laughlin, George R.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1962
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: As requested in your memorandum of September 12, we have conducted an extensive series of tests on the natural sand produced by Kapco Construction Company in Logan County. There was some question regarding the classification of the sand -- whether it would be termed a manufactured, a crushed conglomerate, or a natural sand. I had Mr. George R. Laughlin, Geologist of the Research Division, visit and inspect the pit. A copy of Mr. Laughlin's report to me is attached for your file. He reports that the material being produced is a washed, natural sand and similar in production procedure to pits operating in Carroll, Gallatin and Boone Counties.
Shifting to Certainty?: Australian Rural Policy in 1987
Creators: name: Gerritsen, Rolf
name: Abbott, Jacky
name: Gerritsen, Rolf
name: Abbott, Jacky
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1988
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: This article describes the Commonwealth Government's rural policy activities over 1987. In that year, policy was shaped by three interrelated factors: the uneven but marked recovery of commodity prices and the associated diminution of the urgency and political intensity of the "rural crisis"; the Government's survival in the election; and the gradual transformation of policy emphasis from intermittent "political" crisis management towards managerialist and microeconomic efficiency reforms. The intensity of rural politics declined sharply after the election. The amalgamation of the Department of Primary Industry with the Department of Resources and Energy dominated the continued restructuring of rural policy institutions. This restructuring, together with the broadening of the scope of rural policy and the preoccupation with deregulation and economic efficiency, were the incrementalist motifs of the shift towards managerialism.
Late-time tail of a coupled scalar field in the background of a black hole with a global monopole
Creators: name: Chen, Songbai
name: Jing, Jiliang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the technique of spectral decomposition, we investigated the late-time tails of massless and massive coupled scalar fields in the background of a black hole with a global monopole. We found that due to existence of the coupling between the scalar and gravitational fields, the massless scalar field decay faster at timelike infinity $i_+$, and so does the massive one in the intermediate late time. But the asymptotically late-time tail for the massive scalar field is not affected and its decay rate still is $t^{-5/6}$.
description: 12 pages, A corrected version to be appeared in MPLA
Discovery of a young low-mass brown dwarf transiting a fast-rotating F-type star by the Galactic Plane eXoplanet (GPX) survey
Creators: name: Benni, P.
name: Burdanov, A. Y.
name: Krushinsky, V. V.
name: Bonfanti, A.
name: Hébrard, G.
name: Almenara, J. M.
name: Dalal, S.
name: Demangeon, O. D. S.
name: Tsantaki, M.
name: Pepper, J.
name: Stassun, K. G.
name: Vanderburg, A.
name: Belinski, A.
name: Kashaev, F.
name: Barkaoui, K.
name: Kim, T.
name: Kang, W.
name: Antonyuk, K.
name: Dyachenko, V. V.
name: Rastegaev, D. A.
name: Beskakotov, A.
name: Mitrofanova, A. A.
name: Pozuelos, F. J.
name: Kuznetsov, E. D.
name: Popov, A.
name: Kiefer, F.
name: Wilson, P. A.
name: Ricker, G.
name: Vanderspek, R.
name: Latham, D. W.
name: Seager, S.
name: Jenkins, J. M.
name: Sokov, E.
name: Sokova, I.
name: Marchini, A.
name: Papini, R.
name: Salvaggio, F.
name: Banfi, M.
name: Baştürk, Ö.
name: Torun, Ş.
name: Yalçınkaya, S.
name: Ivanov, K.
name: Valyavin, G.
name: Jehin, E.
name: Gillon, M.
name: Pakštienė, E.
name: Hentunen, V. -P.
name: Shadick, S.
name: Bretton, M.
name: Wünsche, A.
name: Garlitz, J.
name: Jongen, Y.
name: Molina, D.
name: Girardin, E.
name: Horta, F. Grau
name: Naves, R.
name: Benkhaldoun, Z.
name: Joner, M. D.
name: Spencer, M.
name: Bieryla, A.
name: Stevens, D. J.
name: Jensen, E. L. N.
name: Collins, K. A.
name: Charbonneau, D.
name: Quintana, E. V.
name: Mullally, S. E.
name: Henze, C. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We announce the discovery of GPX-1 b, a transiting brown dwarf with a mass of $19.7\pm 1.6$ $M_{\mathrm{Jup}}$ and a radius of $1.47\pm0.10$ $R_{\mathrm{Jup}}$, the first sub-stellar object discovered by the Galactic Plane eXoplanet (GPX) survey. The brown dwarf transits a moderately bright ($V$ = 12.3 mag) fast-rotating F-type star with a projected rotational velocity $v\sin{ i_*}=40\pm10$ km/s. We use the isochrone placement algorithm to characterize the host star, which has effective temperature $7000\pm200$ K, mass $1.68\pm0.10$ $M_{\mathrm{Sun}}$, radius $1.56\pm0.10$ $R_{\mathrm{Sun}}$ and approximate age $0.27_{-0.15}^{+0.09}$ Gyr. GPX-1 b has an orbital period of $\sim$1.75 d, and a transit depth of $0.90\pm0.03$ %. We describe the GPX transit detection observations, subsequent photometric and speckle-interferometric follow-up observations, and SOPHIE spectroscopic measurements, which allowed us to establish the presence of a sub-stellar object around the host star. GPX-1 was observed at 30-min integrations by TESS in Sector 18, but the data is affected by blending with a 3.4 mag brighter star 42 arcsec away. GPX-1 b is one of about two dozen transiting brown dwarfs known to date, with a mass close to the theoretical brown dwarf/gas giant planet mass transition boundary. Since GPX-1 is a moderately bright and fast-rotating star, it can be followed-up by the means of Doppler tomography.
description: 13 pages, 13 figures, accepted to MNRAS in May 2021
PI-controlled bioreactor as a generalized Lienard system
Creators: name: Ibarra-Junquera, V.
name: Rosu, H. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that periodic orbits can occur in Cholette's bioreactor model working under the influence of a PI-controller. We find a diffeomorphic coordinate transformation that turns this controlled enzymatic reaction system into a generalized Lienard form. Furthermore, we give sufficient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of limit cycles in the new coordinates. We also perform numerical simulations illustrating the possibility of the existence of a local center (period annulus). A result with possible practical applications is that the oscillation frequency is a function of the integral control gain parameter
description: 15 pages, 5 figures, accepted version at Computers & Chem. Eng
Image Inversion and Uncertainty Quantification for Constitutive Laws of Pattern Formation
Creators: name: Zhao, Hongbo
name: Braatz, Richard D.
name: Bazant, Martin Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The forward problems of pattern formation have been greatly empowered by extensive theoretical studies and simulations, however, the inverse problem is less well understood. It remains unclear how accurately one can use images of pattern formation to learn the functional forms of the nonlinear and nonlocal constitutive relations in the governing equation. We use PDE-constrained optimization to infer the governing dynamics and constitutive relations and use Bayesian inference and linearization to quantify their uncertainties in different systems, operating conditions, and imaging conditions. We discuss the conditions to reduce the uncertainty of the inferred functions and the correlation between them, such as state-dependent free energy and reaction kinetics (or diffusivity). We present the inversion algorithm and illustrate its robustness and uncertainties under limited spatiotemporal resolution, unknown boundary conditions, blurry initial conditions, and other non-ideal situations. Under certain situations, prior physical knowledge can be included to constrain the result. Phase-field, reaction-diffusion, and phase-field-crystal models are used as model systems. The approach developed here can find applications in inferring unknown physical properties of complex pattern-forming systems and in guiding their experimental design.
Admissibility of kneading sequences and structure of Hubbard trees for quadratic polynomials
Creators: name: Bruin, Henk
name: Schleicher, Dierk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37F20 (Primary); 37B10, 37E25 (Secondary)

description: Hubbard trees are invariant trees connecting the points of the critical orbits of postcritically finite polynomials. Douady and Hubbard \cite{Orsay} introduced these trees and showed that they encode the essential information of Julia sets in a combinatorial way. The itinerary of the critical orbit within the Hubbard tree is encoded by a (pre)periodic sequence on $\{\0,\1\}$ called \emph{kneading sequence}. We prove that the kneading sequence completely encodes the Hubbard tree and its dynamics, and we show how to reconstruct the tree and in particular its branch points (together with their periods, their relative posititions, their number of arms and their local dynamics) in terms of the kneading sequence alone. Every kneading sequence gives rise to an abstract Hubbard tree, but not every kneading sequence occurs in real dynamics or in complex dynamics. Milnor and Thurston \cite{MT} classified which kneading sequences occur in real dynamics; we do the same for complex dynamics in terms of a complex \emph{admissibility condition}. This complex admissibility condition fails if and only if the abstract Hubbard tree has a so-called \emph{evil} periodic branch point that is incompatible with local homeomorphic dynamics on the plane.
description: 26 pages, 5 figures
Testing the Black Hole No-hair Theorem with Galactic Center Stellar Orbits
Creators: name: Qi, Hong
name: O'Shaughnessy, Richard
name: Brady, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theoretical investigations have provided proof-of-principle calculations suggesting measurements of stellar or pulsar orbits near the Galactic Center could strongly constrain the properties of the Galactic Center black hole, local matter, and even the theory of gravity itself. In this work, we develop both a Markov chain Monte Carlo and an analytic model (Fisher matrix) to understand what properties are well-constrained and why. We conclude that existing astrometric measurements cannot constrain the spin of the Galactic Center black hole. Extrapolating to the precision and cadence of future experiments, we anticipate that the black hole spin can be measured with the known star S2. Our calculations show that we can measure the dimensionless black hole spin to a precision of $\sim$0.1 with weekly measurements of the orbit of S2 for 40 years using the GRAVITY telescope's best resolution at the Galactic Center. An analytic expression is derived for the measurement uncertainty of the black hole spin using the Fisher matrix in terms of observation strategy, star's orbital parameters, and instrument resolution. From it, we conclude that highly eccentric orbits can provide better constraints on the spin and that an orbit with a higher eccentricity is more favorable even when the orbital period is longer. We also apply it to S62, S4711, and S4714 and show whether they can constrain the black hole spin sooner than S2. If in addition, future measurements include the discovery of a new, tighter stellar orbit, then future data could conceivably enable tests of strong field gravity, by directly measuring the black hole quadrupole moment. Our simulations show that with a stellar orbit similar to that of S2 but at one-fifth the distance to the Galactic Center and GRAVITY's resolution limits, we can start to test the no-hair theorem with 20 years of weekly orbital measurements.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures, and 4 tables
A Survey of Methods for Determining A Planning Horizon
Creators: name: Nuthall, Peter L.
name: Nuthall, Peter L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1980
Subjects: Agribusiness
Farm Management

description: In multi-period farm planning problems involving uncertainty, the usual case in the real world, planning must involve a continuous process of re-evaluation. In this dynamic situation it is necessary to know the number of periods to include in the decision model to ensure optimality. This is referred to as the planning horizon. In practice, planning models used are frequently simplifications of reality so the ability to determine the planning horizon under a range of situations is an important facet of planning. This paper contains a survey of methods of determining the horizon and offers comments on the approach necessary to resolve the cases for which methods have not been developed.