cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Habrophlebia consiglioi Biancheri 1959
Creators: name: Zrelli, Sonia
name: Boumaiza, Moncef
name: Bejaoui, Mustapha
name: Gattolliat, Jean-Luc
name: Sartori, Michel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Ephemeroptera
Leptophlebiidae
Habrophlebia
Habrophlebia consiglioi

description: Habrophlebia consiglioi Biancheri, 1959
Habrophlebia sp.: Boumaiza & Thomas, 1986
Habrophlebia sp.: Thomas, 1998
MATERIAL EXAMINED: loc. 4 (Lasfer 30-IV-2006). – loc. 5 (Bransia 24-V-2005). – loc. 6 (Mrij 25-V-2005). – loc. 8 (Berbeg 24-V-2005). – loc. 9 (Mouagène 29-VI-2005). – loc. 10 (Ennour 24-V-2005, 28-VI-2005). – loc. 13 (Edmen 15-V-2005). – loc. 18 (Lâarima 25-IV- 2009). – loc. 24 (Rennagha 30-IV-2006). – loc. 25 (El Mâadene 30-IV-2006).
REMARKS: The genus Habrophlebia includes six West Palearctic species (Alba- Tercedor, 2000), and is represented in North Africa by two of them: H. fusca (Curtis, 1834) and H. vaillantorum Thomas, 1986 (Thomas et al., 1999).
In Morocco, two species are recorded, H. fusca and H. vaillantorum. In Algeria, only H. fusca is known, and in Tunisia this genus is represented by Habrophlebia sp. and H. fusca but this latter record by Kraiem (1986) is probably erroneous (see Thomas, 1998 for complete references therein).
Habrophlebia consiglioi can be distinguished from H. fusca and H. lauta as follows: in H. consiglioi nymphs, teeth on the posterior margin of the abdominal terga are of triangular shape, whereas such teeth are quadrangular in H. fusca. Dorsal face of femur with setae pointed and feathered in H. consiglioi, contrary to H. lauta where they are blunt and entire (Belfiore & Gaino, 1984).
Larvae of H. consiglioi are also distinguished by the gills baring a small number of filaments in the ventral lamella (1-3) and in the dorsal lamella (3-6) contrary to H. eldae for which the number of filaments is respectively (3-5) and (5-11).
Our investigations of the egg morphology (Figs 6-8) indicates that chorionic structure of the Tunisian specimens is similar to those from Sardinia (Mazzini & Gaino, 1985), bringing further arguments, besides the similarity of the larvae, for the conspecificity of both populations.
The discovery of H. consiglioi in Tunisia is of major importance. This is not only the first report of the species in North Africa, but it proves that the species is not endemic to Sardinia as previously thought (Buffagni et al., 2003). To our knowledge, this is the first time such a distribution (Sardinia-Tunisia) is mentioned for circum Mediterranean mayflies. At the moment, we have no information allowing us to decide if H. consiglioi originated from Sardinia and colonized subsequently Tunisia, or the contrary as recently shown for some reptiles (Carranza et al., 2008).
All populations of H. consiglioi in Tunisia are restricted to streams of the Northwest area.
description: Published as part of Zrelli, Sonia, Boumaiza, Moncef, Bejaoui, Mustapha, Gattolliat, Jean-Luc & Sartori, Michel, 2011, New reports of mayflies (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) from Tunisia, pp. 3-10 in Revue suisse de Zoologie 118 (1) on pages 5-7, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5822781
Fractional Leibniz rule on the torus
Creators: name: Bényi, Árpád
name: Oh, Tadahiro
name: Zhao, Tengfei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42B15, 42B25, 46E35

description: We discuss the fractional Leibniz rule for periodic functions on the $d$-dimensional torus, including the endpoint cases. As an application, we present a product estimate, involving distributions of negative regularities.
description: 14 pages. Updated references. Published in Proc. Amer. Math. Soc
Pterodroma Bonaparte 1856
Creators: name: Rando, Juan C.
name: Pieper, Harald
name: Pereira, Fernando
name: Torres-Roig, Enric
name: Alcover, Josep Antoni
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Procellariiformes
Procellariidae
Pterodroma

description: Genus Pterodroma Bonaparte, 1856
The material presented herein is included in the genus Pterodroma because of the following combination of characters: the dorsal distal outline of the premaxilla shows a deep concave kink in lateral view, the lachrymal is perfectly fused to the frontal and ectethmoid without any noticeable remaining suture between them forming part of the anterior wall of the eye socket (Warham 1996).
The bones are larger than Hydrobatidae and Oceanitidae with different proportions to those of Oceanitidae as they have short, stout humeri, ulnae, and femora, and greatly elongated tibiotarsi and tarsometatarsi (Olson 1985). These bones show no tendency toward the deep-diving adaptations of Puffinus or Pelecanoides in either the wing (flattened humerus and ulna) or hindlimbs (enlargement of crista cnemialis of the tibiotarsi and flattened tarsometatarsi) (Warham 1996). The cranium lacks the elongation of the area between the ectethmoid and the nasofrontal hinge with anterior elongation of the lacrimal typical of Oceanitidae (Olson and James 1991).
The fusion of the lachrymal to the frontal and ectethmoid is absent in most Procellariformes (Olson 1975b, Wharham 1996), but is present in the close genus Lugensa. The present material can be differentiated from Lugensa by the presence of a fenestrated fossa glandulae nasalis in the latter (Maurício 2014).
The shape of the fossil humeri also differs from the very slender and cylindrical humeri of Bulweria (Kuroda, 1983). In addition, the shape of these bones and the limb proportions are like other Pterodroma species (Pt. madeira, Pt. feae, Pt. cahow, and Pt. deserta) and different from those of Bulweria (Olson, 1975b).
These anatomical features have been checked with skeletons of Pt. madeira, Pt. feae, Pt. cahow, and Pt. deserta, Puffinus puffinus (Brünnich, 1764), Pu. baroli Bonaparte, 1856, and Bulweria bulwerii (Jardine and Selby, 1828) (Procellariidae), Pelagodroma marina (Latham, 1790) (Oceanitidae), and Hydrobates pelagicus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Hydrobatidae).
description: Published as part of Rando, Juan C., Pieper, Harald, Pereira, Fernando, Torres-Roig, Enric & Alcover, Josep Antoni, 2024, Petrel extinction in Macaronesia (North-East Atlantic Ocean): the case of the genus Pterodroma (Aves: Procellariiformes: Procellariidae), pp. 1-15 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 202 (2) on page 4, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae123, http://zenodo.org/record/14544813
Sphagneticola calendulacea Pruski
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Sphagneticola
Sphagneticola calendulacea

description: Verbesina calendulacea Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 2: 902. 1753.
"Habitat in Zeylona." RCN: 6524.
Lectotype (Grierson in Dassanayake & Fosberg, Revised Handb. Fl. Ceylon 1: 215. 1980; Pruski in Novon 6: 411. 1996): Herb. Hermann 1: 73, No. 311 (BM-000594505; iso- BM, Herb. Hermann 2: 16; 3: 21; 4: 43).
Current name: Sphagneticola calendulacea (L.) Pruski (Asteraceae).
Note: Grierson (in Dassanayake & Fosberg, Revised Handb. Fl. Ceylon 1: 215. 1980) indicated material in Herb. Hermann (BM) as type but did not distinguish between the various specimens scattered between four volumes. However, as these appear to be part of a single gathering, Art. 9.15 applies so Grierson is the original typifier, with Pruski subsequently restricting the earlier choice.
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part V), pp. 911-926 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 917, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Scytodes thoracica
Creators: name: Sajadi, Samin Sadat
name: Wesal, Mohammad Wasil
name: Zamani, Alireza
name: Moradmand, Majid
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Scytodidae
Scytodes
Scytodes thoracica

description: 223) Scytodes thoracica (Latreille, 1802)
Records: Kunar: [Kun1], [Kun8]; Nangarhar: [Nan 17].
Distribution: Trans-Palaearctic. Introduced to North America, Argentina, South Africa, India, Australia, New Zealand.
References:
Scytodes thoracica: Roewer 1960b: 37.
description: Published as part of Sajadi, Samin Sadat, Wesal, Mohammad Wasil, Zamani, Alireza & Moradmand, Majid, 2024, A checklist of the spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) of Afghanistan, pp. 1-50 in Zootaxa 5551 (1) on page 33, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5551.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/14389939
Anisopappus chinensis Hook. & Arn.
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Anisopappus
Anisopappus chinensis

description: Verbesina chinensis Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 2: 901. 1753.
"Habitat in China. Osbeck." RCN: 6521.
Lectotype (Wild in Kirkia 4: 50. 1964): Herb. Linn. No. 1021.3 (LINN).
Current name: Anisopappus chinensis (L.) Hook. & Arn. (Asteraceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part V), pp. 911-926 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 917, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Nigrobaetis Novikova & Kluge 1987
Creators: name: Zrelli, Sonia
name: Boumaiza, Moncef
name: Bejaoui, Mustapha
name: Gattolliat, Jean-Luc
name: Sartori, Michel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Ephemeroptera
Baetidae
Nigrobaetis

description: Nigrobaetis rhithralis (Soldán & Thomas, 1983)
Baetis rhithralis Soldán & Thomas, 1983
Diphetor rhithralis: Waltz et al., 1994
Nigrobaetis rhithralis: Lugo-Ortiz & de Moor, 2000
Baetis rhithralis: Jacob, 2003
MATERIAL EXAMINED: loc. 2 (Ziatine 30 IV 06). – loc. 3 (Béja 27-III-2006). – loc. 7 (Labgâa 31-III-2006). – loc. 11 (Ellil 27-VII-2005, 30-IV-2006). – loc. 17 (Ksar Mezouar 24-X- 2005).
REMARKS: The concept of the genus Nigrobaetis is discussed by Waltz et al. (1994) and Gattolliat (2004). Thirty one species are known with 14 in the Palearctic region (Waltz et al., 1994; Waltz & McCafferty, 1997; Lugo-Ortiz & de Moor, 2000).
The generic attribution of Nigrobaetis rhithralis was subject of several changes. It does not belong to Diphetor as cited by El Alami et al. (2000) because it lacks the distinctive bifid prostheca of the right mandible characteristic of that genus (Lugo- Ortiz & de Moor, 2000). The distribution of Diphetor is restricted to the North of the Nearctic area (Lugo-Ortiz & de Moor, 2000). Müller-Liebenau (1969) divided the genus Baetis in several species groups, a part of them subsequently raised to subgeneric or generic level. The attempt of Jacob (2003) to gather again genera such as Nigrobaetis, Alainites and Labiobaetis into Baetis is no more tenable as Müller- Liebenau’s concept of Baetis has been proven to be highly polyphyletic (Monaghan et al., 2005; Gattolliat & Sartori, 2008). Nigrobaetis rhithralis perfectly matches the concept of Nigrobaetis as defined in Waltz et al. (1994).
The presence of the genus Nigrobaetis (first record) and the species N. rhithralis in Tunisia is not surprising as this species was originally described from Algeria and was subsequently reported from Morocco (El Alami et al., 2000).
description: Published as part of Zrelli, Sonia, Boumaiza, Moncef, Bejaoui, Mustapha, Gattolliat, Jean-Luc & Sartori, Michel, 2011, New reports of mayflies (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) from Tunisia, pp. 3-10 in Revue suisse de Zoologie 118 (1) on pages 7-8, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5822781
Pterodroma deserta Mathews 1934
Creators: name: Rando, Juan C.
name: Pieper, Harald
name: Pereira, Fernando
name: Torres-Roig, Enric
name: Alcover, Josep Antoni
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Procellariiformes
Procellariidae
Pterodroma
Pterodroma deserta

description: Pterodroma deserta
Material and collection information: IMEDEA 109596, fragmented humerus. IMEDEA 109597, left complete ulna. IMEDEA 109595, right complete tarsometarsus.
Horizon: Holocene–Recent. Distribution: BugioIslet (DesertasIslands,MadeiraArchipelago).
Remarks: The material, probably very recent, is biometrically and morphologically indistinguishable from those of the current population of Pt. deserta that breed on this small islet.
description: Published as part of Rando, Juan C., Pieper, Harald, Pereira, Fernando, Torres-Roig, Enric & Alcover, Josep Antoni, 2024, Petrel extinction in Macaronesia (North-East Atlantic Ocean): the case of the genus Pterodroma (Aves: Procellariiformes: Procellariidae), pp. 1-15 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 202 (2) on page 6, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae123, http://zenodo.org/record/14544813
Phenomenological gravitational waveform model of binary black holes incorporating horizon fluxes
Creators: name: Mukherjee, Samanwaya
name: Phukon, Khun Sang
name: Datta, Sayak
name: Bose, Sukanta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Subjected to the tidal field of its companion, each component of a coalescing black hole binary suffers a slow change in its mass (tidal heating) and spin (tidal torquing) during the inspiral and merger. This effect modifies the phase and amplitude of the gravitational waveform. Numerical relativity (NR) waveforms contain these effects inherently, whereas analytical approximants for the early inspiral phase have to include them manually in the energy balance equation. In this work, we construct a frequency-domain gravitational waveform model that incorporates this effect, by recalibrating the inspiral phase of the waveform model IMRPhenomD to incorporate the phase corrections for tidal heating. We also include corrections to the amplitude by adding them directly to the inspiral amplitude model of IMRPhenomD. We demonstrate that the inclusion of the corrections, especially in the phase, confers an overall improvement in the phase agreement between the analytical inspiral model (uncalibrated SEOBNRv2) and NR data. The model presented here is faithful, with less than $1\%$ mismatches against a set of hybrid waveforms (except for one outlier that barely breaches this limit). The recalibrated model shows mismatches of up to $\sim 14\%$ with IMRPhenomD for high mass ratios and spins. Amplitude corrections become less significant for higher mass ratios, whereas the phase corrections leave more impact -- suggesting that the former is practically irrelevant for gravitational wave data analysis in Advanced LIGO (aLIGO), Virgo and KAGRA. Comparing with a set of 219 numerical relativity waveforms, we find that the median of mismatches decreases by $\sim 4\%$ in aLIGO zero-detuned high power noise curve, and by $\sim 1.5\%$ with a flat noise curve. This implies a modest but notable improvement in waveform accuracy.
Procloeon stagnicola Soldan & Thomas 1983
Creators: name: Zrelli, Sonia
name: Boumaiza, Moncef
name: Bejaoui, Mustapha
name: Gattolliat, Jean-Luc
name: Sartori, Michel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Ephemeroptera
Baetidae
Procloeon
Procloeon stagnicola

description: Procloeon stagnicola Soldán & Thomas, 1983
Procloeon sp.: Thomas, 1998
MATERIAL EXAMINED: loc 1 (Joumine 06-IV-2009). – loc. 3 (Béja 27-III-2006). – loc. 11 (Ellil 30-VI-2006, 27-VII-2005). – loc. 12 (Bouhertma 04-X-2005). – loc. 14 (Amor amont 30-IV-2006). – loc. 15 (Amor aval 30-IV-2006). – loc. 16 (Kébir 28-VI-2005). – loc. 20 (Kloufi 26-II-2006). – loc. 21 (Zaouit El Magaîz 09-II-2006). – loc. 22 (Abid 27 IV 06). – loc. 23 (Chiba 27-IV-2006). – loc. 26 (Ghzéala 30-V-2005).
REMARKS: In North African region, the genus Procloeon is represented by three species: P. concinnum Eaton, 1885, P. pennulatum (Eaton, 1870), P. stagnicola Soldán & Thomas, 1983. Boumaiza & Thomas (1995) mentioned the presence of this genus in Tunisia but without specific attribution.
Several larvae belonging to the genus Procloeon were included in the material collected in many streams of northern watersheds of Tunisia. Based on the morphological characters such as the presence of lateral spines on abdominal segments VI to IX, the shape of the gills and the absence of hindwings, specimens were assigned to Procloeon stagnicola (Soldán & Thomas, 1983).
It constitutes the first record of this species from Tunisian running waters, and also the first mention since its original description from Algeria.
description: Published as part of Zrelli, Sonia, Boumaiza, Moncef, Bejaoui, Mustapha, Gattolliat, Jean-Luc & Sartori, Michel, 2011, New reports of mayflies (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) from Tunisia, pp. 3-10 in Revue suisse de Zoologie 118 (1) on page 8, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5822781
Lasianthaea fruticosa K. M. Becker 1979
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Lasianthaea
Lasianthaea fruticosa

description: Verbesina fruticosa (Linnaeus) Linnaeus, Systema Naturae, ed. 10, 2: 1226. 1759.
RCN: 6526.
Basionym: Bidens fruticosa L. (1753).
Lectotype (D’Arcy in Woodson & Schery in Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 62: 1110. 1975): Herb. Clifford: 399, Bidens 3 (BM-000646989).
Current name: Lasianthaea fruticosa (L.) K.M. Becker (Asteraceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part V), pp. 911-926 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 917, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Electron Weibel instability and~quasi-magnetostatic structures in~an~expanding collisionless plasma
Creators: name: Kocharovsky, Vladimir
name: Nechaev, Anton
name: Garasev, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We outline transient quasi-magnetostatic phenomena associated with Weibel-type instabilities, mainly, the formation and decay of the current sheets and filaments. We consider a collisionless anisotropic plasma cloud with hot electrons expanding into an inhomogeneous background plasma taking into account an external magnetic field in different geometries entailing (i) a hot-electron spot of a circular or cylindrical form within an initial-value problem or a finite-time injection of electrons from a target surface, (ii) inhomogeneous layers of cold background plasma of different densities and spatial scales, (iii) an external magnetic field with three orientations: perpendicular to the target or along it, directed either across or parallel to a long axis of the hot-electron spot. We heed typical laser-plasma experiments. We outline development of the principle current structures linked with distinct forms of the anisotropic electron velocity distribution using particle-in-cell modeling of the instability process for diverse sets of the attributes (i)--(iii). Applications to the analysis of laboratory and space plasma problems involving an explosive development of the small-scale filamentation of the electric current and self-consistent magnetic turbulence are discussed.
description: 102 pages, 30 figures, submitted to Review of Modern Plasma Physics
Adenostemma lavenia Kuntze 1891
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Adenostemma
Adenostemma lavenia

description: Verbesina lavenia Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 2: 902. 1753.
"Habitat in Zeylona." RCN: 6522.
Lectotype (Panigrahi in Kew Bull. 30: 647. 1976): [icon] " Eupatoriophalacron Scrophulariae aquaticae foliis oppositis " in Burman, Thes. Zeylan.: 95, t. 42. 1737 (see p. 113; above right).
Current name: Adenostemma lavenia (L.) Kuntze (Asteraceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part V), pp. 911-926 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 917, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
title:  NUTRIENT PROFILE ASSESSMENT OF A MEAL PROGRAM IMPACT ON OLDER ADULTS' DIET QUALITY AND FOOD SECURITY STATUS
Creators: name: Gyasiwaa, Millicent Yaa
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky Libraries
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 4
subject: FOS: Agricultural sciences

description: The rise in food insecurity globally has ignited institutions and organizations to implement policies and programs to reduce the burden on vulnerable people including older adults and people living in underserved areas. Though programs such as congregate, home-delivered meals, and pantries have been initiated to contribute to reducing food insecurity the nutrient content of these meals including recovered meals and their effect on food security status, food quality, and health has not been widely studied. The current study, Meals on Wings (MOW), assessed the nutrient profile of the free meals offered 4 times per week for 3 months, from May 2023 to July 2023 to older adults living in housing complexes in Lexington, Kentucky. The Older Adults American Act (OAAs) standards were used to compare the nutrient content metrics of these MOW meals. The study evaluated the impact of recovered meals on diet quality, food security, and health status of this study population. The study employed pre -and post-cohort study design. Fifty samples were recruited for the survey aged ≥ 60 years with more than half of the participants being food insecure. Food security status was assessed using a 6-item USDA household food security screener. Participants' diet intake was assessed using 24-hour recall, and an average systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) with a sphygmomanometer. Body Mass Index data were also collected. ESHA food analyzer was used to analyze the nutrient content of the recovered meals compared to OAA Standards, and paired t-tests were used to compare changes and statistical significance of pre- and post-meal intervention on health indicators. This study result suggests the need for meal programs to adjust and offer consistent nutrient-dense meals to older adults and extend meal program provision beyond three months and four times per week. Although there was a slight increase in health indicators post-meal intervention, changes were not statistically significant. Findings from the study show the importance of purposively enhancing the meal program to suit the needs of this target population.
Loxosceles rufescens
Creators: name: Sajadi, Samin Sadat
name: Wesal, Mohammad Wasil
name: Zamani, Alireza
name: Moradmand, Majid
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Sicariidae
Loxosceles
Loxosceles rufescens

description: 224) Loxosceles rufescens (Dufour, 1820)
Records: Baghlan: [Bag6]; Farah: [Fa3], [Fa9]; Herat: [He7], [He8]; Kandahar: [Kan2]; Kunar: [Kun1], [Kun7], [Kun8], [Kun10]; Laghman: [Lagh3]; Nangarhar: [Nan 8], [Nan 11], [Nan 17]; Parwan: [Par11].
Distribution: Southern Europe, northern Africa to Afghanistan. Introduced to USA, Mexico, Peru, Macaronesia, South Africa, India, China, Japan, Korea, Laos, Thailand, Australia, Hawaii.
References:
Loxosceles rufescens: Denis 1958: 84.— Roewer 1960b: 37.— Zamani et al. 2021a: 671, figs 2F, 7D, 8A–C (♀).
Comments: As per Zamani et al. (2021a), the records from Kandahar by Denis (1958) and from Baghlan by Roewer (1960b) are doubtful.
description: Published as part of Sajadi, Samin Sadat, Wesal, Mohammad Wasil, Zamani, Alireza & Moradmand, Majid, 2024, A checklist of the spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) of Afghanistan, pp. 1-50 in Zootaxa 5551 (1) on page 33, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5551.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/14389939
MPEC 2024-L60 : 2024 LC1
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 LC1

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Pectis linifolia Linnaeus 1759
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Pectis
Pectis linifolia

description: Verbesina linifolia Linnaeus, Systema Naturae, ed. 10, 2: 1226. 1759.
["Habitat in America."] Sp. Pl., ed. 2, 2: 1250 (1763). RCN: 6519.
Lectotype (Keil in Taxon 34: 284. 1985): Browne, Herb. Linn. No. 1011.2 (LINN).
Current name: Pectis linifolia L. (Asteraceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part V), pp. 911-926 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 917, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
title:  EXAMINING THE EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY-SIGNALED NONCONTINGENT REINFORCEMENT ON DISRUPTIVE BEHAVIOR DURING SMALL-GROUP INSTRUCTION FOR ELEMENTARY STUDENTS WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER
Creators: name: Casey
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky Libraries
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 5.3
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: This study aims to expand upon existing research by examining the effects of teacher-implemented noncontingent reinforcement (NCR) through technology-signaled reinforcement breaks for elementary students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) during small-group instruction. The primary research question guiding this inquiry is: Does the implementation of a technology-signaled NCR package, which delivers breaks on a fixed-time interval schedule, effectively reduce disruptive behavior among elementary students with ASD in a small group setting? By integrating technology into the reinforcement process, this study seeks to enhance engagement and minimize disruptive behaviors, thereby fostering a more conducive learning environment. The findings are expected to contribute valuable insights into the efficacy of NCR strategies tailored for students with ASD, ultimately informing best practices for educators and supporting the development of effective instructional methods.
Bose-Einstein Condensation of Photons in a Four-Site Quantum Ring
Creators: name: Redmann, Andreas
name: Kurtscheid, Christian
name: Wolf, Niels
name: Vewinger, Frank
name: Schmitt, Julian
name: Weitz, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermalization of radiation by contact to matter is a well-known concept, but the application of thermodynamic methods to complex quantum states of light remains a challenge. Here we observe Bose-Einstein condensation of photons into the hybridized ground state of a four-site ring potential with coherent tunnel couplings. In our experiment, the periodically-closed ring lattice superimposed by a weak harmonic trap for photons is realized inside a spatially structured dye-filled microcavity. Photons thermalize to room temperature, and above a critical photon number macroscopically occupy the symmetric linear combination of the site eigenstates with zero phase winding, which constitutes the ground state of the system. The mutual phase coherence of photons at different lattice sites is verified by optical interferometry.
Cebrennus flagellatus Jager 2014
Creators: name: Sajadi, Samin Sadat
name: Wesal, Mohammad Wasil
name: Zamani, Alireza
name: Moradmand, Majid
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Sparassidae
Cebrennus
Cebrennus flagellatus

description: 225) Cebrennus flagellatus Jäger, 2014 *
Records: Nangarhar: [Nan 10].
Distribution: Afghanistan.
References:
Cebrennus flagellatus Jäger, 2014: 332, figs 32–35, 76, 87, 97–100 (♂).
description: Published as part of Sajadi, Samin Sadat, Wesal, Mohammad Wasil, Zamani, Alireza & Moradmand, Majid, 2024, A checklist of the spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) of Afghanistan, pp. 1-50 in Zootaxa 5551 (1) on page 33, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5551.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/14389939
Chrysanthellum americanum Vatke
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Chrysanthellum
Chrysanthellum americanum

description: Verbesina mutica Linnaeus, Species Plantarum, ed. 2, 2: 1273. 1763, nom. illeg.
"Habitat in America meridionali." RCN: 6487.
Replaced synonym: Anthemis americana L. (1753).
Lectotype (D’Arcy in Woodson & Schery in Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 62: 1184. 1975): Herb. Clifford: 414, Buphthalmum 5 (BM-000647176).
Current name: Chrysanthellum americanum (L.) Vatke (Asteraceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part V), pp. 911-926 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 917, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Synedrella nodiflora Gaertn.
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Synedrella
Synedrella nodiflora

description: Verbesina nodiflora Linnaeus, Centuria I Plantarum: 28. 1755.
"Habitat in Caribaeis." RCN: 6525.
Type not designated.
Original material: Herb. Linn. No. 357.15? (S); Herb. Linn. No. 357.17 (S); [icon] in Sloane, Voy. Jamaica 1: 262, t. 154, f. 4. 1707; [icon] in Dillenius, Hort. Eltham. 1: 53, t. 45, f. 53. 1732.
Current name: Synedrella nodiflora (L.) Gaertn. (Asteraceae).
Note: Moore (in Fawcett & Rendle, Fl. Jamaica 7: 247. 1936) noted the existence of 1021.7 (LINN) but did not designate a type. Grierson (in Dassanayake & Fosberg, Revised Handb. Fl. Ceylon 1: 223. 1980) indicated unspecified material in Herb. Sloane (BM-SL), though with doubt (“?”), as type, but this would not have been seen by Linnaeus and is not original material for the name. Howard (Fl. Lesser Antilles 6: 600. 1989) indicated 1021.7 (LINN) as the type, but this is a Patrick Browne collection which Linnaeus did not acquire until 1758 and which cannot, therefore, be original material for a name published in 1755.
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part V), pp. 911-926 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 917, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
title:  TRAUMA AND PARENTING
title: ARE THERE UNINTENTIONAL EFFECTS?
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Hill, A'Tora
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky Libraries
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 5.3
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: The goal in conducting this study was to explore the effects of trauma across generations, if any were to be confirmed. This study, specifically, aimed to investigate whether parents reported having dealt with trauma and if their trauma had any impact on the way they parent their children. Research has shown that parents who have endured trauma take on different parenting styles and techniques than those who have not endured trauma. This study highlights the effects of trauma on those who encounter it as well as how it may transcend through generations through a survey. A key outcome of this study was that more parents have been confirmed to have had trauma before the age of 18 than those who have not.
Eclipta prostrata Linnaeus
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Eclipta
Eclipta prostrata

description: Verbesina prostrata Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 2: 902. 1753.
"Habitat in India." RCN: 6514.
Basionym of: Cotula prostrata (L.) L. (1767); Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. (1771).
Lectotype (Wijnands, Bot. Commelins: 74. 1983): [icon] " Chrysanthemum Maderaspatanum, Menthae arvensis folio & facie, floribus bigemellis, ad foliorum alas, pediculis curtis " in Plukenet, Phytographia: t. 118, f. 5. 1691; Almag. Bot.: 100. 1696. - Typotype: Herb. Sloane 94: 175 (BM-SL).
Current name: Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. (Asteraceae).
Note: D’Arcy (in Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 62: 1102. 1975) indicated 1020.4 or 1020.5 (LINN) as the type, presumably in error as both are associated with the name " Eclipta latifolia " rather than V. prostrata. Neither they, nor 1020.7 LINN, the post-1753 Patrick Browne collection treated as the lectotype by Kupicha (in Davis, Fl. Turkey 5: 46. 1975), are original material for the name. Grierson (in Dassanayake & Fosberg, Revised Handb. Fl. Ceylon 1: 212. 1980) treated material in Herb. Plukenet (BM-SL) as “type”, but this would not have been seen by Linnaeus and is not original material either. Wijnands’ 1983 choice of the Plukenet illustration as lectotype is therefore accepted here.
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part V), pp. 911-926 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on pages 917-918, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Modification of Quark-Gluon Distributions in Nuclei by Correlated Nucleon Pairs
Creators: name: NCTEQ Collaboration
name: Denniston, A. W.
name: Jezo, T.
name: Kusina, A.
name: Derakhshanian, N.
name: Duwentaster, P.
name: Hen, O.
name: Keppel, C.
name: Klasen, M.
name: Kovarik, K.
name: Morfin, J. G.
name: Muzakka, K. F.
name: Olness, F. I.
name: Piasetzky, E.
name: Risse, P.
name: Ruiz, R.
name: Schienbein, I.
name: Yu, J. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the QCD Parton Model analysis using a factorized nuclear structure model incorporating individual nucleons and pairs of correlated nucleons. Our analysis of high-energy data from lepton Deep-Inelastic Scattering, Drell-Yan and W/Z production simultaneously extracts the universal effective distribution of quarks and gluons inside correlated nucleon pairs, and their nucleus-specific fractions. Such successful extraction of these universal distributions marks a significant advance in our understanding of nuclear structure properties connecting nucleon- and parton-level quantities.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, 1 table
Eclipta prostrata Linnaeus
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Eclipta
Eclipta prostrata

description: Verbesina pseudoacmella Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 2: 901. 1753.
"Habitat in Zeylona." RCN: 6012.
Basionym of: Spilanthes pseudoacmella (L.) L. (1774).
Lectotype (Koster & Philipson in Blumea 6: 349, f. 2. 1950): Herb. Hermann 3: 29, No. 308 (BM-000621911).
Current name: Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. (Asteraceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part V), pp. 911-926 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 918, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Influence of Dynamical Floquet Spectrum on the Plasmon Excitations and Exchange Energy of tilted monolayer 1T$^\prime$MoS$_2$
Creators: name: Kandel, Sita
name: Gumbs, Godfrey
name: Balassis, Antonios
name: Iurov, Andrii
name: Roslyak, Oleksiy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is now well established that a high-frequency electromagnetic dressing field within the off-resonance regime significantly modifies the electronic transport and optical properties on Dirac materials. Here, using light with circular polarization, we investigate its effect on the energy spectrum of tilted monolayer 1T$^\prime$MoS$_2$ which acquires two energy gaps associated with up- and down- pseudospin. We can adjust its electronic properties over a wider range by varying these two band gaps in contrast with graphene. With the use of the Lindhard approach for the frequency-dependent polarizability propagator, we have developed a rigorous theoretical formalism for employing the Floquet energy spectrum for investigating the many-body effects on the plasmon excitations, their lifetimes due to Landau damping and the exchange energy of tilted monolayer 1T$^\prime$MoS$_2$ under normal incidence of electromagnetic radiation at arbitrary temperature. The dressed states at very low temperature corresponding to circular polarization suppress the response of the system to the external probe. This gives rise to the weak but long lived plasmon excitations at small wavenumber $q$ when compared to the plasmon spectrum in this regime in the absence of irradiation. However, $\sqrt{qT}$-dependent plasmons are restored at high temperatures. Our calculations have shown that the tilting, anisotropy, direct and indirect band gaps lead to a reduced exchange energy, which has some potential applications such as, tunability of exciton polariton and plasmon excitations.
Additional file 1 of Exploring the effects of cell seeding density on the differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells to brain microvascular endothelial cells
Creators: name: Wilson, Hannah
name: Canfield, Scott
name: Hjortness, Michael
name: Palecek, Sean
name: Shusta, Eric
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary characterization of hPSC-derived BMECs
Marmasoma White 1916
Creators: name: Li, Xuankun
name: Yeates, David K.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Bombyliidae
Marmasoma

description: Marmasoma White, 1916
Marmasoma White, 1916: 184, 188. Type species: Marmasoma sumptuosum White, 1916, by monotypy.
Diagnosis (modified from Rodrigues et al., 2017).
Scape with numerous very long hairs, longer on ventral surface and laterally; face flat, not projecting in lateral view; occiput tumid, with bristles. Thorax postpronotal lobe and antepronotum with long and strong bristles; anepisternum with short scales admixed with strong hairs on dorsal margin; laterotergite and mediotergite with long and strong hairs and bristles. Abdomen decumbent with apex raised in male; tergites covered in scales. Male epandrium anterior margin with a deep notch, anteroventral corner with long stem; hypandrium absent; gonocoxite slender and elongate; gonocoxal apex as wide as the base in dorsal view, ejaculatory apodeme small; gonocoxal apodeme strong and incurved; lateral ejaculatory process small; inner and outer apexes of gonocoxite rounded; dorsal bridge without lateral hollow; gonostylus bifid apically; phallus long and strongly curved. Female sand chamber present; tergites 9 and 10 fused; acanthophorite spines not in a row; furca broad; sperm pump strong; sperm pump apical and basal collars absent; spermatheca elongate, cylindrical with apex slightly swollen.
Distribution. ACT, NSW, SA, VIC, TAS, WA.
Species included. Marmasoma sumptuosum and Marmasoma hortorum sp. nov.
description: Published as part of Li, Xuankun & Yeates, David K., 2018, One hundred years of solitude ended: A second species of Marmasoma White, 1916 (Diptera, Bombyliidae, Bombyliinae, Eclimini) from Australia, pp. 34-42 in Zootaxa 4420 (1) on pages 34-42, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4420.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/1253131
Prompt emission of relativistic protons up to GeV energies from M6.4-class solar flare on July 17, 2023
Creators: name: Navia, Carlos
name: Oliveira, Marcel
name: Nepomuceno, Andre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show evidence of particle acceleration at GEV energies associated directly with protons from the prompt emission of a long-duration M6-class solar flare on July 17, 2023, rather than from protons acceleration by shocks from its associated Coronal Mass Ejection (CME), which erupted with a speed of 1342 km/s. Solar Energetic Particles (SEP) accelerated by the blast have reached Earth, up to an almost S3 (strong) category of a radiation storm on the NOAA scale. Also, we show a temporal correlation between the fast rising of GOES-16 proton and muon excess at ground level in the count rate of the New-Tupi muon detector at the central SAA region. A Monte Carlo spectral analysis based on muon excess at New-Tupi is consistent with the acceleration of electrons and protons (ions) up to relativistic energies (GeV energy range) in the impulsive phase of the flare. In addition, we present another two marginal particle excesses (with low confidence) at ground-level detectors in correlation with the solar flare prompt emission.
description: 8 pages,8 figures
Solving a Delay Differential Equation through Fourier Transform
Creators: name: Ohira, Kenta
name: Ohira, Toru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, we introduce and explore a delay differential equation that lends itself to explicit solutions in the Fourier-transformed space. Through the careful alignment of the initial function, we can construct a highly accurate solution to the equation. These findings open new avenues for understanding delay systems, demonstrating the efficacy of Fourier transform techniques in capturing transient oscillatory dynamics.
description: submitted for publication, 9pages 3 figures. Ver2: added a paragraph at the end of Sec.2 and aknowledgements; Ver 3: Updated texts and figures, and added references
Verbesina virginica var. virginica Linnaeus 1753
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Verbesina
Verbesina virginica
Verbesina virginica l. var. virginica

description: Verbesina virginica Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 2: 901. 1753.
"Habitat in Virginia." RCN: 6521.
Lectotype (Olsen in Sida 8: 132. 1979): Clayton 166 (BM-000038850).
Current name: Verbesina virginica L. var. virginica (Asteraceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part V), pp. 911-926 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 918, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Stiffer alginate gels deposit more efficiently in microchannel flows
Creators: name: Smith, Barrett T
name: Hashmi, Sara M
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The behavior of cross-linking polymer solutions as they transition from liquid-like to solid-like material in flow determines success or failure in several applications. Dilute polymer solutions flow easily, while concentrated polymers or crosslinked polymer gels can clog pores, nozzles, or channels. We have recently described a third regime of flow dynamics in polymers that occurs when cross-linking happens during flow: persistent intermittency. When a dilute alginate solution meets calcium at a Y-shaped microfluidic junction, a persistent and regular pattern of gel deposition and ablation emerges when driven at a constant volumetric flow rate. Chemical concentrations and flow rate control both the gel deposition and critical shear stress required to ablate the adhered gel. In this work, we provide an analytical framework to quantitatively describe the intermittent behavior as resulting from diffusively driven deposition in a high Peclet number flow. Fitting the experimental data shows that higher component concentrations lead to more efficient deposition and more swollen gels. Increasing the flow rate increases the deposition rate, but the resulting gels are much less swollen. Ablation occurs when applied shear stresses overcome either the adhesive energy of the gel or its yield stress. The shear stress required at ablation decreases with increased component concentrations. By correlating the results of the analytical analysis with bulk rheology measurements, we find that deposition efficiency increases with the stiffness of the gel formed in flow. Softer gels withstand higher shear stresses before ablation. Both deposition efficiency and gel stiffness increase in flow conditions nearing complete clogging.
description: 31 pages, 7 figures
title:  ACTing on Routine Outcome Monitoring
Creators: name: Courtney, Virginia Clark
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky Libraries
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 4.5
subject: FOS: Other agricultural sciences

description: This thesis explores the application of an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) informed approach in achieving clients’ therapeutic objectives via systematically tracking client progress over the therapy process. The study utilized the Marriage and Family Therapy Practice Research Network (MFT-PRN), a specific tool that aids the tracking of therapy progress, to gather relevant client data. The data consisted of therapy progress for 27 individuals the author worked with, 1,001 individuals from the Individual Relational and Finance Therapy Clinic, and 4,424 individuals from the MFT-PRN-Network. Upon collecting this data, progress trajectories were generated using Microsoft Excel to compare the author’s clients’ outcomes with those of other therapists utilizing MFT-PRN. The finding indicates that routine tracking of client progress can illustrate the effectiveness of therapists working with ACT informed approaches, thereby facilitating clients in successfully reaching their therapeutic goals. This study underscores the importance of integrating a routine outcome monitoring (ROM) process into therapeutic practice, highlighting its role in building stronger therapeutic alliances, accurately monitoring client progress, and empowering clients to participate actively in their own therapeutic journey. Additionally, the research provides evidence supporting the adoption of ROM for improving therapy outcomes and client satisfaction.