cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Tellurium vacancy in cadmium telluride revisited: size effects in the electronic properties
Creators: name: Menéndez-Proupin, E.
name: Orellana, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum states and thermodynamical properties of the Te vacancy in CdTe are addressed by first principles calculations, including the supercell size and quasiparticle corrections. It is shown that the 64-atoms supercell calculation is not suitable to model the band structure of the isolated Te vacancy. This problem can be solved with a larger 216-atoms supercell, where the band structure of the defect seems to be a perturbation of that of the perfect crystal. It is interesting to note that the Te-vacancy formation energy calculated with both supercell sizes are close in energy, which is attributed to error cancelation. We also show that the interplay between supercell size effects and the band gap underestimation of the generalized gradient approximation strongly influences the predicted symmetry of some charge states.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Stress hyperglycaemia
Creators: name: Braithwaite, Susan
name: Dungan, Kathleen
name: Preiser, Jean-Charles
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Results of randomised controlled trials of tight glycaemic control in hospital inpatients might vary with population and disease state. Individualised therapy for different hospital inpatient populations and identification of patients at risk of hyperglycaemia might be needed. One risk factor that has received much attention is the presence of pre-existing diabetes. So-called stress hyperglycaemia is usually defined as hyperglycaemia resolving spontaneously after dissipation of acute illness. The term generally refers to patients without known diabetes, although patients with diabetes might also develop stress hyperglycaemia—a fact overlooked in many studies comparing hospital inpatients with or without diabetes. Investigators of several studies have suggested that patients with stress hyperglycaemia are at higher risk of adverse consequences than are those with pre-existing diabetes. We describe classification of stress hyperglycaemia, mechanisms of harm, and management strategies.
Expression Profile Matrix of Arabidopsis Transcription Factor Genes Suggests Their Putative Functions in Response to Environmental Stresses
Creators: name: Budworth, Paul
name: Katagiri, Fumiaki
name: Chang, Hur-Song
name: Kobayashi, Kappei
name: Hohn, Thomas
name: Lam, Steve
name: Kreps, Joel
name: Luan, Sheng
name: Si-Ammour, Azzedine
name: Whitham, Steve
name: Tao, Yi
name: Xie, Zhiyi
name: Zou, Guangzhou
name: Dangl, Jeffery
name: Provart, Nicholas
name: Mauch-Mani, Brigitte
name: Chen, Wenqiong
name: Zhu, Tong
name: Eulgem, Thomas
name: Chen, Xi
name: Wang, Xun
name: Mauch, Felix
name: Glazebrook, Jane
name: Heinlein, Manfred
name: Harper, Jeffery
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: Numerous studies have shown that transcription factors are important in regulating plant responses to environmental stress. However, specific functions for most of the genes encoding transcription factors are unclear. In this study, we used mRNA profiles generated from microarray experiments to deduce the functions of genes encoding known and putative Arabidopsis transcription factors. The mRNA levels of 402 distinct transcription factor genes were examined at different developmental stages and under various stress conditions. Transcription factors potentially controlling downstream gene expression in stress signal transduction pathways were identified by observed activation and repression of the genes after certain stress treatments. The mRNA levels of a number of previously characterized transcription factor genes were changed significantly in connection with other regulatory pathways, suggesting their multifunctional nature. The expression of 74 transcription factor genes responsive to bacterial pathogen infection was reduced or abolished in mutants that have defects in salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, or ethylene signaling. This observation indicates that the regulation of these genes is mediated at least partly by these plant hormones and suggests that the transcription factor genes are involved in the regulation of additional downstream responses mediated by these hormones. Among the 43 transcription factor genes that are induced during senescence, 28 of them also are induced by stress treatment, suggesting extensive overlap responses to these stresses. Statistical analysis of the promoter regions of the genes responsive to cold stress indicated unambiguous enrichment of known conserved transcription factor binding sites for the responses. A highly conserved novel promoter motif was identified in genes responding to a broad set of pathogen infection treatments. This observation strongly suggests that the corresponding transcription factors play general and crucial roles in the coordinated regulation of these specific regulons. Although further validation is needed, these correlative results provide a vast amount of information that can guide hypothesis-driven research to elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved in transcriptional regulation and signaling networks in plants.
A Linear Formulation for Disk Conformal Parameterization of Simply-Connected Open Surfaces
Creators: name: Choi, Gary Pui-Tung
name: Lui, Lok Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Surface parameterization is widely used in computer graphics and geometry processing. It simplifies challenging tasks such as surface registrations, morphing, remeshing and texture mapping. In this paper, we present an efficient algorithm for computing the disk conformal parameterization of simply-connected open surfaces. A double covering technique is used to turn a simply-connected open surface into a genus-0 closed surface, and then a fast algorithm for parameterization of genus-0 closed surfaces can be applied. The symmetry of the double covered surface preserves the efficiency of the computation. A planar parameterization can then be obtained with the aid of a Möbius transformation and the stereographic projection. After that, a normalization step is applied to guarantee the circular boundary. Finally, we achieve a bijective disk conformal parameterization by a composition of quasi-conformal mappings. Experimental results demonstrate a significant improvement in the computational time by over 60%. At the same time, our proposed method retains comparable accuracy, bijectivity and robustness when compared with the state-of-the-art approaches. Applications to texture mapping are presented for illustrating the effectiveness of our proposed algorithm.
"เสียง" ที่เปลี่ยนไปของนักศิลปะบำบัดในงานวิจัยเรื่องเล่า: กรณีศึกษา
Creators: name: หิมพรรณ รักแต่งาม
Publisher: name: สำนักงานบริหารการวิจัย นวัตกรรมและการสร้างสรรค์
Year: 2563
Subjects: เสียง
งานวิจัยเรื่องเล่า
ศิลปะบำบัด

description: วารสารมหาวิทยาลัยศิลปากร, 40, 2, 34-49
อิทธิพลของรูปแบบการเรียนรู้ต่อผลสัมฤทธิ์ทางการเรียนของนักศึกษาแพทย์แผนไทย โดยมีความสุขในการเรียนเป็นตัวแปรคั่นกลาง
Creators: name: กิติศักดิ์ รุจิกาญจนรัตน์
name: สุฐิตา โอภาษี
name: วธัญญา วรสายัณห์
name: พูลพงศ์ สุขสว่าง
Publisher: name: สำนักงานบริหารการวิจัย นวัตกรรมและการสร้างสรรค์
Year: 2563
Subjects: การเรียนรู้อย่างมีความสุข
รูปแบบการเรียนรู้
นักศึกษาแพทย์แผนไทย

description: วารสารมหาวิทยาลัยศิลปากร, 40, 2, 50-61
A local theory of Quantum Mechanics
Creators: name: Lopez, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that Quantum Mechanics is ambiguous when predicting relative frequencies for an entangled system if the measurements of both subsystems are performed in spatially separated events. This ambiguity gives way to unphysical consequences: the projection rule could be applied in one or the other temporal(?) order of measurements (being non local in any case), but symmetry of the roles of both subsystems would be broken. An alternative theory is presented in which this ambiguity does not exist. Observable relative frequencies differ from those of orthodox Quantum Mechanics, and a {\it gendaken} experiment is proposed to falsify one or the other theory. In the alternative theory, each subsystem has an individual state in its own Hilbert space, and the total system state is direct product (rank one) of both, so there is no entanglement. Correlation between subsystems appears through a hidden label that prescribes the output of arbitrary hypothetical measurements. Measurement is treated as a usual reversible interaction, and this postulate allows to determine relative frequencies when the value of a magnitude is known without in any way perturbing the system, by measurement of the correlated companion. It is predicted the existence of an accompanying system, the de Broglie wave, introduced in order to preserve the action reaction principle in indirect measurements, when there is no interaction of detector and particle. Some action on the detector, different from the one cause by a particle, should be observable.
Recombinant factor VIIa analog NN1731 (V158D/E296V/M298Q-FVIIa) enhances fibrin formation, structure and stability in lipidated hemophilic plasma
Creators: name: Hussey, Michael
name: Larson, Brittany
name: Wolberg, Alisa
name: Gray, Laura
name: Hedner, Ulla
name: Ezban, Mirella
name: Koch, Gary
name: Campbell, Robert
name: Machlus, Kellie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Introduction—The bypassing agent recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa) is efficacious in treating bleeding in hemophilia patients with inhibitors. Efforts have focused on the rational engineering of rFVIIa variants with increased hemostatic potential. One rFVIIa analog (V158D/E296V/M298QFVIIa, NN1731) improves thrombin generation and clotting in purified systems, whole blood from hemophilic patients and factor VIII-deficient mice. Methods—We used calibrated automated thrombography and plasma clotting assays to compare effects of bypassing agents (rFVIIa, NN1731) on hemophilic clot formation, structure, and ability to resist fibrinolysis. Results—Both rFVIIa and NN1731 shortened the clotting onset and increased the maximum rate of fibrin formation and fibrin network density in hemophilic plasma clots. In the presence of tissue plasminogen activator, both rFVIIa and NN1731 shortened the time to peak turbidity (TTPeaktPA) and increased the area under the clot formation curve (AUCtPA). Phospholipids increased both rFVIIa and NN1731 activity in a lipid concentration-dependent manner. Estimated geometric mean concentrations of rFVIIa and NN1731 producing similar onset, rate, TTPeaktPA, and AUCtPA as seen with 100% factors VIII and IX were: 24.5, 74.3, 29.7, and 37.1 nM rFVIIa, and 8.6, 31.2, 9.0, and 11.3 nM NN1731, respectively. In each case, the NN1731 concentration was significantly lower than rFVIIa. Conclusions—These findings suggest that like rFVIIa, NN1731 improves the formation, structure, and stability of hemophilic clots. Higher lipid concentrations may facilitate assessment of both rFVIIa and NN1731 activity. NN1731 appears likely to support rapid clot formation in tissues with high endogenous fibrinolytic activity.
title: Enzyme Application for Chemical Transformations: A Pathway to Green Synthesis
Creators: name: Robustini, Lucia
Publisher: name: Universität Bern
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemistry
subject: 570 Life sciences; biology

description: Recent efforts to reduce emissions and environmental impacts associated with industrial processes has led to a significant amount of research reporting alternative synthetic methods for industrial and chemical production. Biocatalysis, in particular, has gained an increased amount of interest as a complementary tool to classical chemistries. Biocatalyts often operate under mild reaction conditions, whilst maintaining a high degree of selectivity of product formation. However, the implementation of enzymes at large production scales is not without limitations - challenges include catalyst stability, cofactor reusability, and reaction setup (e.g., in batch processes), all of which necessitate optimization for a cost-effective application.
The use of immobilized enzymes and the transition to automated flow systems are two of many solutions which has allowed the expansion of biocatalysis beyond its initial restricted applications. These advancements have enabled gram-scale production of fine chemicals with a high degree of enantiospecificity.
In this work, we explore the potential use of biocatalysts for the production of medicinally-important molecules. Several critical aspects for efficient biocatalyst utilization are also investigated. With a meticulous screening of reaction conditions, the control of enantiopreference in an industrially-significant transaminase will be assessed. Factors such as ionic strength, co-solvent, pH, and reaction time are investigated, leading to enhanced or inverted specificity of the final enantiomer.
Furthermore, we leverage the use of a proteinaceous cage, a structure identified in bacteria as compartmentalisation structure, as a method for the immobilisation of biocatalysts. This nanocage serves as a protective capsule, effectively preserving the native conformation of the enzyme while simultaneously enhancing its activity due to the localized high substrate concentration within the cage. We thoroughly investigated the impact of the encapsulation of two enzymes. We also further assessed the potential application of immobilization of the nanocage, creating a protective microenvironment for the enzymes – a method that may lead to more efficient industrial processes.
Additionally, we explore the combination of enzymatic and chemical processes, highlighting the complementarity of these two approaches to access important molecules. By combining an enzymatic cascade with the final chemical step, we aim to develop a method for the production of valuable psychoactive compounds. The sequential use of two enzymes led to the synthesis of an intermediate which will be converted in the final product, effectively upcycling starting materials and adding value to the overall process.
Through these objectives, we aim to expand the role and application of biocatalysis, positioning it as a viable and sustainable choice for environmentally friendly industrial applications.
(102) Mary Campbell
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Pressure evaluation of spray induced flow by means of URANS and time-resolved Stereo Particle Image Velocimetry
Creators: name: Kling, Nils H.
name: Opfer, Lars
name: Kriegseis, Jochen
name: Rogler, Philipp
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2018

description: In the present work, pressure distributions of spray-induced flow are obtained by means of time-resolved stereo Particle Image Velocimetry. Revealing an extensive insight in the nature of spray transport, the characterization of pressure, material acceleration and instantaneous velocity provides a comprehensive description of spray induced flow dynamics. The pressure evaluation is conducted by an extended formulation based on the Unsteady Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes Equations and ensemble averaging. Assuming adiabatic flow and perfect gas the effect of compressibility is taken into account. In order to achieve phase discrimination and image contrast enhancement, optical filtering is applied by doping the gaseous phase with fluorescent tracer particles. The measurements are performed with gasoline direct injection 2-hole research samples. Demonstrating the capacity of pressure evaluation, pressure fields of spray-induced flow are successfully obtained. The investigations reveal characteristic flow patterns in accordance to air entrainment and fluid displacement. In respect to single spray plumes, high pressure regions are identified in front of the spray and the wake flow, whereas low pressure regions are present at central position. The pressure evaluation exposes minimal pressure differences.
The Formation and Stability of DC-SIGN Microdomains Require its Extracellular Moiety: DC-SIGN Microdomains Require Extracellular Moiety
Creators: name: Itano, Michelle
name: Neumann, Aaron
name: Wang, Xiang
name: Thompson, Nancy
name: Liu, Ping
name: Jacobson, Ken
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: DC-SIGN (Dendritic cell-specific ICAM-3-grabbing non-integrin) is a Ca2+-dependent transmembrane lectin that binds a large variety of pathogens and facilitates their uptake for subsequent antigen presentation. This receptor is present in cell surface microdomains, but factors involved in microdomain formation and their exceptional stability are not clear. To determine which domain/motif of DC-SIGN facilitates its presence in microdomains, we studied mutations at key locations including truncation of the cytoplasmic tail, and ectodomain mutations that resulted in removal of the N-linked glycosylation site, the tandem repeats and the carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) as well as modification of the calcium sites in the CRD required for carbohydrate binding. Confocal imaging and FRAP measurements showed that the cytoplasmic domain and N-linked glycosylation site do not affect the ability of DC-SIGN to form stable microdomains. However, truncation of the CRD results in complete loss of visible microdomains and subsequent lateral diffusion of the mutants. Apart from cell adhesions, membrane domains are thought to be localized primarily via the cytoskeleton. By contrast, we propose that interactions between the CRD of DC-SIGN and the extracellular matrix and/or cis interactions with transmembrane scaffolding protein(s) play an essential role in organizing these microdomains.
On orbital instability of spectrally stable vortices of the NLS in the plane
Creators: name: Cuccagna, Scipio
name: Maeda, Masaya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We explain how spectrally stable vortices of the Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation in the plane can be orbitally unstable. This relates to the nonlinear Fermi golden rule, a mechanism which exploits the nonlinear interaction between discrete and continuous modes of the NLS.
description: Revised version
DAVID MAURICE BRINK - Bibliography from DAVID MAURICE BRINK. 20 July 1930 — 8 March 2021
Creators: name: Sukumar, C. V.
name: Bonaccorso, A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 20202 Nuclear Physics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: David Brink was one of the leading theoretical nuclear physicists of his generation. He made major contributions to the study of all aspects of nuclear physics, embracing nuclear structure, nuclear scattering and nuclear instability. His wide-ranging interests and interactions with theorists and experimentalists alike helped him in providing theoretical analysis and interpretations and suggesting experiments. He had the gift of visualizing complex problems in simple terms and provided clear analysis of the underlying processes. He was an expert on the use of semi-classical methods that provided an intuitively clear picture of complex phenomena. His research work and books are characterized by scientific clarity, transparency and depth. David possessed outstanding skills in mathematical computation, and he was an expert on special functions, group theory and the Feynman path integral method. David had many research students and collaborated with a large number of scientists from across the world, for whom he was a source of scientific and human inspiration and admiration. His most fundamental belief was that research was a means of trying to discover and understand the beauties of nature and explain them in simple terms to others. His absolute belief in the value of truth and his unselfish and generous attitude in sharing knowledge makes him an outstanding figure in contemporary nuclear physics.
Topological phases of two-component bosons in species-dependent artificial gauge potentials
Creators: name: Wu, Ying-Hai
name: Shi, Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study bosonic atoms with two internal states in artificial gauge potentials whose strengths are different for the two components. A series of topological phases for such systems is proposed using the composite fermion theory and the parton construction. It is found in exact diagonalization that some of the proposed states may be realized for simple contact interaction between bosons. The ground states and low-energy excitations of these states are modeled using trial wave functions. The effective field theories for these states are also constructed and reveal some interesting properties.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
ARFI Imaging for Noninvasive Material Characterization of Atherosclerosis Part II: Toward In Vivo Characterization
Creators: name: Behler, Russell
name: Merricks, Elizabeth
name: Zhu, Hongtu
name: Gallippi, Caterina
name: Nichols, Timothy
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Seventy percent of cardiovascular disease (CVD) deaths are attributed to atherosclerosis. Despite their clinical significance, nonstenotic atherosclerotic plaques are not effectively detected by conventional atherosclerosis imaging methods. Moreover, conventional imaging methods are insufficient for describing plaque composition, which is relevant to cardiovascular risk assessment. Atherosclerosis imaging technologies capable of improving plaque detection and stratifying cardiovascular risk are needed. Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse (ARFI) ultrasound, a novel imaging method for noninvasively differentiating the mechanical properties of tissue, is demonstrated for in vivo detection of nonstenotic plaques and plaque material assessment in this pilot investigation. In vivo ARFI imaging was performed on four iliac arteries: 1) of a normocholesterolemic pig with no atherosclerosis as a control, 2) of a familial hypercholesterolemic pig with diffuse atherosclerosis, 3) of a normocholesterolemic pig fed a high-fat diet with early atherosclerotic plaques and 4) of a familial hypercholesterolemic pig with diffuse atherosclerosis and a small, minimally-occlusive plaque. ARFI results were compared to spatially matched immunohistochemistry, showing correlations between elastin and collagen content and ARFI-derived peak displacement and recovery time parameters. Faster recoveries from ARFI-induced peak displacements and smaller peak displacements were observed in areas of higher elastin and collagen content. Importantly, spatial correlations between tissue content and ARFI results were consistent and observable in both large and highly evolved as well as small plaques. ARFI imaging successfully distinguished nonstenotic plaques, while conventional B-Mode ultrasound did not. This work validates the potential relevance of ARFI imaging as a noninvasive imaging technology for in vivo detection and material assessment of atherosclerotic plaques.
Synthesis crystal structure, and DFT study of 3-benzyl-6-bromo-2-chloroquinoline and 3-benzyl-6-bromo-2-methoxyquinoline compounds
Creators: name: Zhou, S.-J.
name: Feng, G.-X.
name: Gong, Y.-X.
name: Li, Q.-P.
name: Yan, H.
name: Geng, Y.-D.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: 3-Benzyl-6-bromo-2-chloroquinoline and 3-benzyl-6-bromo-2-methoxyquinoline are important intermediates for the synthesis of aryl quinoline compounds with quinoline ring. In this paper, the title compounds are obtained by four steps. The structures of the compounds are confirmed by FTIR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. At the same time, single crystals of the title compounds are measured by X-ray diffraction and subjected to crystallographic and conformational analyses. The molecular structures are further calculated using density functional theory (DFT), which were compared with the X-ray diffraction value. The results of the conformational analysis indicate that the molecular structures optimized by DFT are consistent with the crystal structures determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. In addition, the molecular electrostatic potential and frontier molecular orbitals of the title compounds are further investigated by DFT, and some physicochemical properties of the compounds are revealed.
Effective induction of protective systemic immunity with nasally administered vaccines adjuvanted with IL-1
Creators: name: Staats, Herman
name: Hickey, Anthony
name: Ashcraft, Kathleen
name: Doil, Catherine
name: Sparks, Neil
name: Briles, David
name: Foster, W. Michael
name: Dondero, Richard
name: Hollingshead, Susan
name: Wang, Sheena
name: Tlusty, Tom
name: Kirwan, Shaun
name: Gwinn, William
name: Casey, Leslie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: IL-1α and IL-1β were evaluated for their ability to provide adjuvant activity for the induction of serum antibody responses when nasally-administered with protein antigens in mice and rabbits. In mice, intranasal (i.n.) immunization with pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) or tetanus toxoid (TT) combined with IL-1β induced protective immunity that was equivalent to that induced by parenteral immunization. Nasal immunization of awake (i.e., not anesthetized) rabbits with IL-1-adjuvanted vaccines induced highly variable serum antibody responses and was not as effective as parenteral immunization for the induction of antigen-specific serum IgG. However, i.n. immunization of deeply anesthetized rabbits with rPA + IL-1α consistently induced rPA-specific serum IgG ELISA titers that were not significantly different than those induced by intramuscular (IM) immunization with rPA + alum although lethal toxin neutralizing titers induced by nasal immunization were lower than those induced by IM immunization. Gamma scintigraphy demonstrated that the enhanced immunogenicity of nasal immunization in anesthetized rabbits correlated with an increased nasal retention of i.n. delivered non-permeable radio-labeled colloidal particles. Our results demonstrate that, in mice, IL-1 is an effective adjuvant for nasally-administered vaccines for the induction of protective systemic immunity and that in non-rodent species, effective induction of systemic immunity with nasally-administered vaccines may require formulations that ensure adequate retention of the vaccine within the nasal cavity.
Nucleon electromagnetic form factors in two-flavour QCD
Creators: name: Capitani, S.
name: Della Morte, M.
name: Djukanovic, D.
name: von Hippel, G.
name: Hua, J.
name: Jäger, B.
name: Knippschild, B.
name: Meyer, H. B.
name: Rae, T. D.
name: Wittig, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results for the nucleon electromagnetic form factors, including the momentum transfer dependence and derived quantities (charge radii and magnetic moment). The analysis is performed using O(a) improved Wilson fermions in Nf=2 QCD measured on the CLS ensembles. Particular focus is placed on a systematic evaluation of the influence of excited states in three-point correlation functions, which lead to a biased evaluation, if not accounted for correctly. We argue that the use of summed operator insertions and fit ansätze including excited states allow us to suppress and control this effect. We employ a novel method to perform joint chiral and continuum extrapolations, by fitting the form factors directly to the expressions of covariant baryonic chiral effective field theory. The final results for the charge radii and magnetic moment from our lattice calculations include, for the first time, a full error budget. We find that our estimates are compatible with experimental results within their overall uncertainties.
description: 22 pages, 10 figures, citations modified
(98) Mary Wallace Love
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Synthesis, X-ray diffraction, Hirshfeld surface analysis, computational chemistry and molecular docking studies of two carbothioamide, 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-(thiophene-2-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-1-carbothioamide and 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-(thiophene-2-yl)-4, 5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-1-carbothioamide
Creators: name: Uzun, Serap
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The target compounds, 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-(thiophene-2-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-1-carbothioamide (I) and 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-(thiophene-2-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-1-carbothioamide (II) were synthesized and characterized by XRD, FT-IR and UV-Vis spectroscopies. The intermolecular interactions in the title compounds were examined using Hirshfeld topology analysis. The DFT/B3LYP/6–311G(d,p) method was chosen as the computational method for all theoretical calculations (FMOs, MEP, NLO, FF). Finally, molecular docking studies have also performed to investigate the binding patterns of the title compounds with PDB ID: 1X2J and obtained good insights on the possible interactions.
(99) Euphemia Wallace Love
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
A tetravalent alphavirus-vector based dengue vaccine provides effective immunity in an early life mouse model
Creators: name: White, Laura
name: Khalil, Syed Muaz
name: Johnston, Robert
name: Snead, Andrew
name: Tonkin, Daniel
name: Mattocks, Melissa
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Dengue viruses (DENV1-4) cause 390 million clinical infections every year, several hundred thousand of which progress to severe hemorrhagic and shock syndromes. Preexisting immunity resulting from a previous DENV infection is the major risk factor for severe dengue during secondary heterologous infections. During primary infections in infants, maternal antibodies pose an analogous risk. At the same time, maternal antibodies are likely to prevent induction of endogenous anti-DENV antibodies in response to current live, attenuated virus (LAV) vaccine candidates. Any effective early life dengue vaccine has to overcome maternal antibody interference (leading to ineffective vaccination) and poor induction of antibody responses (increasing the risk of severe dengue disease upon primary infection). In a previous study, we demonstrated that a non-propagating Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus replicon expression vector (VRP), expressing the ectodomain of DENV E protein (E85), overcomes maternal interference in a BALB/c mouse model. We report here that a single immunization with a tetravalent VRP vaccine induced NAb and T-cell responses to each serotype at a level equivalent to the monovalent vaccine components, suggesting that this vaccine modality can overcome serotype interference. Furthermore, neonatal immunization was durable and could be boosted later in life to further increase NAb and T-cell responses. Although the neonatal immune response was lower in magnitude than responses in adult BALB/c mice, we demonstrate that VRP vaccines generated protective immunity from a lethal challenge after a single neonatal immunization. In summary, VRP vaccines expressing DENV antigens were immunogenic and protective in neonates, and hence are promising candidates for safe and effective vaccination in early life.
Reduced Dimensionality and Magnetic Frustration in KCr$_3$As$_3$
Creators: name: Cao, Chao
name: Jiang, Hao
name: Feng, Xiao-Yong
name: Dai, Jianhui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the electronic and magnetic structures of the newly-discovered compound KCr$_3$As$_3$. The non-magnetic state has five Fermi surface sheets involving respectively three quasi-one-dimensional and two three-dimensional energy bands. However, the ground state is magnetic, exhibiting a novel interlayer antiferromagnetic order where the basic block-spin state of a unit Cr triangle retains a high spin magnitude. Moreover, its Fermi surface involves three one-dimensional sheets only, providing evidence for local moments in this compound due to the reduced dimensionality. By fitting a twisted spin tube model the magnetic frustrations caused by local moments are found to be relaxed, leading to gapless spin excitations. A frustration-induced transition to the disordered low block-spin state is expected upon increasing the intralayer exchange interaction.
Mechanisms underlying uridine adenosine tetraphosphate-induced vascular contraction in mouse aorta: Role of thromboxane and purinergic receptors
Creators: name: Zhou, Zhichao
name: Sun, Changyan
name: Mustafa, S. Jamal
name: Tilley, Stephen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Uridine adenosine tetraphosphate (Up4A), a novel endothelium-derived vasoactive agent, is proposed to play a role in cardiovascular disorders and induces aortic contraction through activation of cyclooxygenases (COX). We and others demonstrated that activation of A1 or A3 adenosine receptors (AR) results in vascular contraction via thromboxane (TX) A2 production. However, the mechanisms of Up4A-induced vascular contraction in mouse aorta are not understood. We hypothesize that Up4A-induced aortic contraction is through COX-derived TXA2 production, which requires activation of A1 and/or A3AR. Concentration responses to Up4A were conducted in isolated aorta. The TXB2 production, a metabolite of TXA2, was also measured. Up4A (10(-9)-10(-5) M) produced a concentration-dependent contraction >70%, which was markedly attenuated by COX and COX1 but not by COX2 inhibition. Notably, Up4A-induced aortic contraction was blunted by both TX synthase inhibitor ozagrel and TXA2 receptor (TP) antagonist SQ29548. Surprisingly, A3AR deletion had no effect on Up4A-induced contraction. Moreover, A1AR deletion or antagonism as well as A1/A3AR deletion potentiated Up4A-induced aortic contraction, suggesting a vasodilator influence of A1AR. In contrast, non-selective purinergic P2 receptor antagonist PPADS significantly blunted Up4A-induced aortic contraction to a similar extent as selective P2X1R antagonist MRS2159, the latter of which was further reduced by addition of ozagrel. Endothelial denudation almost fully attenuated Up4A-induced contraction. Furthermore, Up4A (3 μM) increased TXB2 formation, which was inhibited by either MRS2159 or ozagrel. In conclusion, Up4A-induced aortic contraction depends on activation of TX synthase and TP, which partially requires the activation of P2X1R but not A1 or A3 AR through an endothelium-dependent mechanism.
Cluster Sampling with Referral to Improve the Efficiency of Estimating Unmet Needs among Pregnant and Postpartum Women after Disasters
Creators: name: Hsia, Jason
name: Williams, Amy
name: Horney, Jennifer
name: Zotti, Marianne
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Introduction and Background—Women of reproductive age, in particular women who are pregnant or fewer than 6 months postpartum, are uniquely vulnerable to the effects of natural disasters, which may create stressors for caregivers, limit access to prenatal/postpartum care, or interrupt contraception. Traditional approaches (e.g., newborn records, community surveys) to survey women of reproductive age about unmet needs may not be practical after disasters. Finding pregnant or postpartum women is especially challenging because fewer than 5% of women of reproductive age are pregnant or postpartum at any time. Methods—From 2009 to 2011, we conducted three pilots of a sampling strategy that aimed to increase the proportion of pregnant and postpartum women of reproductive age who were included in postdisaster reproductive health assessments in Johnston County, North Carolina, after tornadoes, Cobb/Douglas Counties, Georgia, after flooding, and Bertie County, North Carolina, after hurricane-related flooding. Results—Using this method, the percentage of pregnant and postpartum women interviewed in each pilot increased from 0.06% to 21%, 8% to 19%, and 9% to 17%, respectively. Conclusion and Discussion—Two-stage cluster sampling with referral can be used to increase the proportion of pregnant and postpartum women included in a postdisaster assessment. This strategy may be a promising way to assess unmet needs of pregnant and postpartum women in disaster-affected communities.
Cathepsin B contributes to Na + hyperabsorption in cystic fibrosis airway epithelial cultures: Cathepsin B and ENaC
Creators: name: Hobbs, Carey
name: Tarran, Robert
name: Sloane, Bonnie
name: Tan, Chong Da
name: Sameni, Mansoureh
name: Stutts, M. Jackson
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: In cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease, the absence of functional CF transmembrane conductance regulator results in Cl−/HCO3− hyposecretion and triggers Na+ hyperabsorption through the epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC), which contribute to reduced airway surface liquid (ASL) pH and volume. Prostasin, a membrane-anchored serine protease with trypsin-like substrate specificity has previously been shown to activate ENaC in CF airways. However, prostasin is typically inactive below pH 7.0, suggesting that it may be less relevant in acidic CF airways. Cathepsin B (CTSB) is present in both normal and CF epithelia and is secreted into ASL, but little is known about its function in the airways. We hypothesized that the acidic ASL seen in CF airways may stimulate CTSB to activate ENaC, contributing to Na+ hyperabsorption and depletion of CF ASL volume. In Xenopus laevis oocytes, CTSB triggered α- and γENaC cleavage and induced an increase in ENaC activity. In bronchial epithelia from both normal and CF donor lungs, CTSB localized to the apical membrane. In normal and CF human bronchial epithelial cultures, CTSB was detected at the apical plasma membrane and in the ASL. CTSB activity was significantly elevated in acidic ASL, which correlated with increased abundance of ENaC in the plasma membrane and a reduction in ASL volume. This acid/CTSB-dependent activation of ENaC was ameliorated with the cell impermeable, CTSB-selective inhibitor CA074, suggesting that CTSB inhibition may have therapeutic relevance. Taken together, our data suggest that CTSB is a pathophysiologically relevant protease that activates ENaC in CF airways.
Social support, social network size, social strain, stressful life events, and coronary heart disease in women with type 2 diabetes: A cohort study based on the women’s health initiative
Creators: name: Lawesson, S.
name: Sealy-Jefferson, S.
name: Jonasson, J.M.
name: Luo, J.
name: Hendryx, M.
name: Shadyab, A.H.
name: Johnson, K.C.
name: Kroenke, C.H.
name: Cene, C.W.
name: Santosa, A.
name: Valdiviezo, C.
name: Lin, X.
name: Kelley, E.
name: Garcia, L.
name: Liu, S.
Publisher: name: American Diabetes Association Inc.
Year: 2020

description: We studied associations between social support, social network size, social strain, or stressful life events and risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS From the Women’s Health Initiative, 5,262 postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes at baseline were included. Cox proportional hazards regression models adjusted for demographics, depressive symptoms, anthropometric variables, and lifestyle factors were used to examine associations between social factors and CHD. RESULTS A total of 672 case subjects with CHD were observed during an average 12.79 (SD 6.29) years of follow-up. There was a significant linear trend toward higher risk of CHD as the number of stressful life events increased (P for trend 5 0.01; hazard ratio [HR] [95% CI] for the third and fourth quartiles compared with first quartile: 1.27 [1.03–1.56] and 1.30 [1.04–1.64]). Being married or in an intimate relationship was related to decreased risk of CHD (HR 0.82 [95% CI 0.69–0.97]). CONCLUSIONS Among postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes, higher levels of stressful life events were associated with higher risk of CHD. Experience of stressful life events might be considered as a risk factor for CHD among women with type 2 diabetes.
A Method to Select Variable White Dwarfs from Gaia DR2
Creators: name: Hermes, JJ
name: Corcoran, Kyle A.
name: Boudreaux, Thomas M.
name: Barlow, Brad
name: Kuehne, John
name: Vanderbosch, Zach
name: Reding, Josh
name: Dunlap, Bart
name: Tremblay, P.-E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: We have developed a technique to select candidate variable white dwarfs from Gaia DR2 by selecting white dwarfs with anomalously large mean G-band flux errors at a given mean G-band magnitude. We demonstrate the technique with the Gaia DR2 sample of white dwarfs within 200 pc. We have followed up many objects with the 2.1m at McDonald Observatory and the 0.9m at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, and confirmed that several are new high-amplitude pulsating white dwarfs. Two of these new pulsating white dwarfs are brighter than G<13.8 mag, and are excellent targets for extended study from space by TESS.
«Schweigen ist Gold». Zum Einfluss von Avataremotionen auf das Emotionserleben bei Computerspielen – Identifikation als Mediator
Creators: name: Hofer, Matthias
name: Hüsser, Andreas
name: Brandao, Patricia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016

description: Kein Abstract vorhanden
description: + ID der Publikation: hslu_72019 + Art des Beitrages: Buchkapitel/Beitrag in Sammelband + Herausgeberschaft: Miriam Czichon; Carsten Wünsch; Marco Dohle + Seiten: 97 - 111 + Sprache: Deutsch + Letzte Aktualisierung: 2020-06-16 09:15:21
Socio-demographic and epidemiological consideration of Africa’s COVID-19 response: what is the possible pandemic course?
Creators: name: Khoury, S.
name: Jouven, X.
name: Baldé, D.
name: Diop, I.B.
name: Cene, C.W.
name: Mills, M.C.
name: Dowd, J.B.
name: N'Guetta, R.
name: Kingue, S.
name: Gaye, B.
name: Lassale, C.
Publisher: name: Nature Research
Year: 2020

description: Many predicted a heavy toll of the COVID-19 pandemic on Africa. Its weakened health systems were harbingers of a terrible outcome. However, local expertise gathered from previous outbreaks and centralized public-health infrastructure with a clear action plan, in addition to a favorable demographic structure and climate, have put many countries in the continent in good standing to face this epidemic head on.
PT-symmetry breaking in the steady state of microscopic gain-loss systems
Creators: name: Kepesidis, Kosmas V.
name: Milburn, Thomas J.
name: Huber, Julian
name: Makris, Konstantinos G.
name: Rotter, Stefan
name: Rabl, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phenomenon of PT (parity- and time-reversal) symmetry breaking is conventionally associated with a change in the complex mode spectrum of a non-Hermitian system that marks a transition from a purely oscillatory to an exponentially amplified dynamical regime. In this work we describe a new type of PT-symmetry breaking, which occurs in the steady-state energy distribution of open systems with balanced gain and loss. In particular, we show that the combination of nonlinear saturation effects and the presence of thermal or quantum noise in actual experiments results in unexpected behavior that differs significantly from the usual dynamical picture. We observe additional phases with preserved or `weakly' broken PT symmetry, and an unconventional transition from a high-noise thermal state to a low-amplitude lasing state with broken symmetry and strongly reduced fluctuations. We illustrate these effects here for the specific example of coupled mechanical resonators with optically-induced loss and gain, but the described mechanisms will be essential for a general understanding of the steady-state properties of actual PT-symmetric systems operated at low amplitudes or close to the quantum regime.
description: 22 pages