cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Observations on the Formation of Massive Stars by Accretion
Creators: name: Keto, Eric
name: Wood, Kenneth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations of the H66a recombination line from the ionized gas in the cluster of newly formed massive stars, G10.6-0.4, show that most of the continuum emission derives from the dense gas in an ionized accretion flow that forms an ionized disk or torus around a group of stars in the center of the cluster. The inward motion observed in the accretion flow suggests that despite the equivalent luminosity and ionizing radiation of several O stars, neither radiation pressure nor thermal pressure has reversed the accretion flow. The observations indicate why the radiation pressure of the stars and the thermal pressure of the HII region are not effective in reversing the accretion flow. The observed rate of the accretion flow, 0.001 solar masses/yr, is sufficient to form massive stars within the time scale imposed by their short main sequence lifetimes. A simple model of disk accretion relates quenched HII regions, trapped hypercompact HII regions, and photo-evaporating disks in an evolutionary sequence.
Detection of Phenotype and Genotype of Duffy Blood Group in Thai Blood Donors
Creators: name: Jiraporn Kuesap
Publisher: name: กองบริหารการวิจัย
Year: 2021
Subjects: Duffy blood group
Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines
Polymerase chain reaction sequence specific primer
Serological method

description: Science & Technology Asia, 26, 1, 180-188
Generating optimal states for a homodyne Bell test
Creators: name: Daffer, Sonja
name: Knight, Peter L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a protocol that produces a conditionally prepared state that can be used for a Bell test based on homodyne detection. Based on the results of Munro [PRA 1999], the state is near-optimal for Bell-inequality violations based on quadrature-phase homodyne measurements that use correlated photon-number states. The scheme utilizes the Gaussian entanglement distillation protocol of Eisert et. al. [Annals of Phys. 2004] and uses only beam splitters and photodetection to conditionally prepare a non-Gaussian state from a source of two-mode squeezed states with low squeezing parameter, permitting a loophole-free test of Bell inequalities.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Food Safety and Sustainability: The Case of the New Organizational Arrangements between Rural Producers and Consumers of Organic Products in Japan
Creators: name: Takitane, Izabel Cristina
name: Silva, Tania Nunes Da
name: Pedrozo, Eugenio Avila
name: Takitane, Izabel Cristina
name: Silva, Tania Nunes Da
name: Pedrozo, Eugenio Avila
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: sustainability
subject: network consumers-rural producers
subject: organics food consumption
subject: Japan

description: The relationship between consumers and producers is changing, and has impacted governments, organizations, production, and the agribusiness. New standards in food consumption, with a strong emphasis on safety food and production sustainability have becoming worries for these agencies. The Seikatsu Club Consumer's Cooperative (SCCC), case study focused in this paper, can help spread these concepts, improving the relationship with the natural environment. In Japan, this type of cooperative has new contractual arrangements between rural producers and final consumers, called Teikei System, that it was build from of a trusty commitment of them. A brief history of Japanese immigration in Brazil and their large contribution to the Brazilian agriculture development, it was discussed the possibility of these arrangement can established in some cooperatives of rural producers Nikkeys (descendent of Japanese) in Brazil.
An Eddy-Zonal Flow Feedback Model for Propagating Annular Modes
Creators: name: Lubis, Sandro W.
name: Hassanzadeh, Pedram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The variability of the zonal-mean large-scale extratropical circulation is often studied using individual modes obtained from empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analyses. The prevailing reduced-order model of the leading EOF (EOF1) of zonal-mean zonal wind, called the annular mode, consists of an eddy-mean flow interaction mechanism that results in a positive feedback of EOF1 onto itself. However, a few studies have pointed out that under some circumstances in observations and GCMs, strong couplings exist between EOF1 and EOF2 at some lag times, resulting in decaying-oscillatory, or propagating, annular modes. Here, we introduce a reduced-order model for coupled EOF1 and EOF2 that accounts for potential cross-EOF eddy-zonal flow feedbacks. Using the analytical solution of this model, we derive conditions for the existence of the propagating regime based on the feedback strengths. Using this model, and idealized GCMs and stochastic prototypes, we show that cross-EOF feedbacks play an important role in controlling the persistence of the annular modes by setting the frequency of the oscillation. We find that stronger cross-EOF feedbacks lead to less persistent annular modes. Applying the coupled-EOF model to the Southern Hemisphere reanalysis data shows the existence of strong cross-EOF feedbacks. The results highlight the importance of considering the coupling of EOFs and cross-EOF feedbacks to fully understand the natural and forced variability of the zonal-mean large-scale circulation.
Adopting New Zealand Dairy Farm Principles and Practices in Argentina
Creators: name: Peluffo, Matias
name: Shadbolt, Nicola M.
name: Peluffo, Matias
name: Shadbolt, Nicola M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Argentine dairy farm systems
subject: New Zealand innovations for Argentina
subject: Argentine dairy industry
subject: Argentine dairy systems
subject: diffusion of innovations
subject: adoption of innovations

description: The dairy sector is important to Argentina because it creates genuine wealth and employment. Milk production at competitive costs is crucial for the endurance of the Argentine dairy sector; therefore the development of competitive dairy farm systems is important for Argentina. New Zealand (hereafter NZ) dairy farm systems are internationally known for their competitiveness without the presence of subsidies. Though Argentine dairy farmers have been attracted to NZ systems for more than 40 years and despite the fact that the NZ knowledge appears to be beneficial to Argentine farms, NZ practices have been rarely adopted. This seemingly fruitless effort in extending this technology shapes the research question of the present study: Can Argentine dairy farmers benefit from adopting New Zealand dairy farm principles and practices? Seven Argentine dairy farmers were selected as case studies because of their awareness of NZ dairy systems; the research data was collected through interviews, farm physical and economic records, and field visits to the farms. Two frameworks were utilized to analyse the qualitative and quantitative data: the Diffusion Theory (Rogers, 2003) and the IFCN network (International Farm Comparison Network www.ifcnnetwork.org), respectively. Ten NZ innovations were defined; they were principles and practices considered typical in NZ dairy farms and not common in Argentine dairy farms. The innovations were related to four areas of the dairy system: pasture management, herd management & genetics, farm structure & organization, and human resources. The seven farmers selected differed in the level of adoption or rejection of the innovations. Results revealed that higher levels of adoption of NZ innovations by a group of Argentine dairy farms were associated with higher levels of Return on Investment; this was mainly due to a higher utilization of the main asset and most limiting production factor of Argentine and New Zealand dairy farms, the land.
Concentration for unknown atomic entangled states via cavity decay
Creators: name: Cao, Zhuo-Liang
name: Zhang, Li-Hua
name: Yang, Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a physical scheme for entanglement concentration of unknown atomic entangled states via cavity decay. In the scheme, the atomic state is used as stationary qubit and photonic state as flying qubit, and a close maximally entangled state can be obtained from pairs of partially entangled states probabilistically.
description: Three pages, Two figures
Consumers' and Professionals' Responses to Situations Raising Ethical Questions
Creators: name: Sirieix, Lucie
name: Gurviez, P.
name: Rohrig, C.
name: Sirieix, Lucie
name: Gurviez, P.
name: Rohrig, C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Food
subject: ethics
subject: consumer expectations
subject: GMO

description: In this study we have attempted, in collaboration with an agrifood company, to compare and contrast the responses of consumers and professionals to the same set of situations raising ethical questions, in order to highlight the differences and the similarities of viewpoint between these two groups of stakeholders. In order to do this, we constructed multi-stakeholder scenarios comprising a description of the situation and the various possible approaches to managing the situation. We constructed two scenarios, dealing with the origin of the gelatin used in the company's products and the company's product information on livestock feed (GMO). This allowed us to: - study the extent of the professionals' ethical perceptions and the possible compromises between ethical values and business interests in the decision-making process. - compare and contrast the ethical perceptions of consumers and professionals. In the first part we discuss the exploratory phase which enabled us to construct the scenarios. In the second part we compare the ethical value of the decisions suggested for each scenario according to consumers and professionals and the probability of adopting the various decisions according to professionals. The third part compares consumers' and professionals' responses on the matching of each decision to consumer expectations and on the decision which would appear to them to be ideal. If there is a convergence between consumers and professionals in relation to the ethical classification of the various decisions, we can note, however, that consumers' expectations with regard to ethics are little understood by professionals. This study leads to a better understanding of the significance of considerations of an ethical nature in consumer perceptions and allows them to be compared and contrasted with the ethical judgments of professionals. It gives professionals a better insight into consumer expectations on sensitive issues and highlights certain differences between consumer expectations and managers' suggestions.
Temperature dependent anisotropy of the penetration depth and coherence length in MgB$_2
Creators: name: Fletcher, J. D.
name: Carrington, A.
name: Taylor, O. J.
name: Kazakov, S. M.
name: Karpinski, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report measurements of the temperature dependent anisotropies ($γ_λ$ and $γ_ξ$) of both the London penetration depth $λ$ and the upper critical field of MgB$_2$. Data for $γ_λ=λ_c/λ_a$ was obtained from measurements of $λ_{a}$ and $λ_c$ on a single crystal sample using a tunnel diode oscillator technique. $γ_ξ=H_{c2}^{\parallel c}/H_{c2}^{\bot c}$ was deduced from field dependent specific heat measurements on the same sample. $γ_λ$ and $γ_ξ$ have opposite temperature dependencies, but close to $T_c$ tend to a common value ($γ_λ\simeq γ_ξ=1.75\pm0.05$). These results are in good agreement with theories accounting for the two gap nature of MgB$_2$
description: 4 pages with figures (New version)
The Balanced Scorecard Implementation in Farm Enterprise - A Case Study from Ukraine
Creators: name: Lissitsa, Alexej
name: Lissitsa, Alexej
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Balanced Scorecard
subject: Strategic Management
subject: Ukraine

description: This study exemplifies the first implementation experiences of Balanced Scorecard and the first results of them in Ukrainian agricultural enterprises. Essential prerequisites for the functioning of the BSC concept into practical agriculture will be discussed. Finally, some critical success factors to the BSC adoption by agricultural companies will be identified.
Finiteness of Lorentzian 10j symbols and partition functions
Creators: name: Christensen, J. Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a short and simple proof that the Lorentzian 10j symbol, which forms a key part of the Barrett-Crane model of Lorentzian quantum gravity, is finite. The argument is very general, and applies to other integrals. For example, we show that the Lorentzian and Riemannian causal 10j symbols are finite, despite their singularities. Moreover, we show that integrals that arise in Cherrington's work are finite. Cherrington has shown that this implies that the Lorentzian partition function for a single triangulation is finite, even for degenerate triangulations. Finally, we also show how to use these methods to prove finiteness of integrals based on other graphs and other homogeneous domains.
description: 8 pages; v2 updates reference list and corrects very minor typos, matching version to appear in Classical and Quantum Gravity
Effects of the Public Policies on the Natural Rubber Production in Sao Paulo and Mato Grosso States
Creators: name: Rosado, Patricia Lopes
name: Tosto, Sergio Gomes
name: Gomes, Marilia Fernandes Maciel
name: Do Carmo, Ciriaca A.F. Santana
name: Rosado, Patricia Lopes
name: Tosto, Sergio Gomes
name: Gomes, Marilia Fernandes Maciel
name: Do Carmo, Ciriaca A.F. Santana
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Competitiveness
subject: liberalization of markets
subject: natural rubber
subject: public policies

description: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the government intervention on the expansion of the natural rubber production in Sao Paulo and Mato Grosso states. The method used was the policy analysis matrix, developed by MONKE and PEARSON (1989). The results showed that the production of natural rubber in those states has conditions to face the liberalization changes that have been taking place in the international market. The government's role in that process is relevant in order to promote the development of that activity and to reduce the distortions, since these impede that the market signals guide the producer decisions in an integrated economy into the world market. Some policy measures can be carried out to improve the competitiveness of the natural rubber in Sao Paulo and Mato Grosso states, which are related with reductions of the tax aliquots on the production; with interest rate in the financings; and with labor legal requirements that increase the production costs. It is, also, important to underline the positive effects of technological changes. It is necessary to the government to be conscious with the effects of its policies. For that, it is important that the adoption of those policies provides to the production of rubber natural larger competitiveness. In that perspective, the government intervention could generate larger social benefits, if the divergences between the social and the private valuations were reduced. In the medium term, the policy reorientation benefits both the producers and the consumers, taking to a larger incentive to the local production of this product.
Ophidascaris baylisi (Nematoda: Ascarididae): Scanning Electron Microscopic Study of the Adult Surface with Ultrastructure and Chemical Composition Analysis of Eggshells
Creators: name: Ngamniyom, Arin
Publisher: name: กองบริหารการวิจัย
Year: 2021
Subjects: O. baylisi
Python
Ultrastructure
FESEM-EDX

description: Science & Technology Asia, 26, 1, 189-198
Optimal disorder for segregation in annealed small worlds
Creators: name: Gil, Santiago
name: Zanette, Damian H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a model for microscopic segregation in a homogeneous system of particles moving on a one-dimensional lattice. Particles tend to separate from each other, and evolution ceases when at least one empty site is found between any two particles. Motion is a mixture of diffusion to nearest-neighbour sites and long-range jumps, known as annealed small-world propagation. The long-range jump probability plays the role of the small-world disorder. We show that there is an optimal value of this probability, for which the segregation process is fastest. Moreover, above a critical probability, the time needed to reach a fully segregated state diverges for asymptotically large systems. These special values of the long-range jump probability depend crucially on the particle density. Our system is a novel example of the rare dynamical processes with critical behaviour at a finite value of the small-world disorder.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures
A Study of Informal Settlements in Kampala City
Creators: name: Sanya, Tom
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 330313
subject: Social design
classificationCode: 330314
subject: Sustainable design

description: Kampala is the capital city of Uganda. The phenomenon of informal settlements in Kampala is as old as the city itself and is rooted in the duality that existed between Kampala Municipality and the native Buganda capital (the Kibuga). Due to rural-urban migration and natural growth, the population of Kampala more than doubled during the period between 1968 and 1991. Parallel to this rapid population increase, urban infrastructure in the city deteriorated owing to social strife and internal conflict. The result is that today there is a mismatch between population size on one hand, and infrastructure and housing stock on the other hand. This mismatch is reflected in the ever-expanding informal settlements in the city. Currently, it is estimated that over 60 percent of Kampala’s population lives in informal settlements.Informal settlements are problematic because the living conditions in them are usually so bad that they endanger the lives of the inhabitants. At the same time, the settlements infringe on environmental areas and also inhibit orderly city growth. With population growth rate of 5.7 percent per year, the discrepancy between demand and supply of decent housing, which is reflected in informal settlements, is bound to increase unless remedial measures are undertaken.The aim of this thesis is to study informal settlements in Kampala so as to understand the settlements and propose counteractive courses of action. The thesis gives a historical account of the development of informal settlements in the city as well as their present day characteristics. The present day characteristics are based on empirical research findings. In studying the Kampala situation, the experience of urbanisation and informal settlements in other countries is examined for purposes of making comparisons and drawing useful lessons from the international context. The thesis compares different approaches to ameliorating the problems associated with informal settlements in order to come up with some recommendations for Kampala. The recommendations contained herein address the challenge of finding a workable proposal that is tailored to the limited resources of the urban management authorities. In the search for a solution, the applicability of the tool of Decision Analysis to the Kampala context is demonstrated.In conclusion, the thesis will study informal settlements in Kampala by examining their local, national as well as international contexts. The ultimate aim of this thesis is to make a contribution to a better understanding of informal settlements with a view towards suggesting a viable way forward for Kampala City and othe cities in the Global South.
Anisotropic Flow in sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV Cu+Cu and Au+Au collisions at PHENIX
Creators: name: Masui, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the measurement of anisotropic flow at RHIC - PHENIX experiment. We present the v_4 results at sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV in Au+Au collision. The scaling ratio of v_4/(v_2)^2 is about 1.5 and it is found to be smaller than the prediction from simple coalescence model. The v_2 for high p_T identified particles ($\sim$ 5 GeV/c) measured with Aerogel Cherenkov Counter are presented. We discuss the constituent quark scaling of v_2 for identified particles. We also report the first observation of v_2 for inclusive charged hadrons as well as identified hadrons at sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV in Cu+Cu collisions. The system size dependence of v_2 and scaling properties are discussed.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, Quark Matter 2005 conference proceedings
Selected Results of the IFCN Dairy Network Milk Prices and Costs of Milk Production in 2003
Creators: name: Hemme, Torsten
name: Deeken, Eva
name: Hemme, Torsten
name: Deeken, Eva
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Milk production
subject: international competitiveness
subject: International Farm Comparison Network

description: Within the IFCN Dairy Network milk prices and costs of milk production have been analysed from 31 countries for the year 2003. A wide diversity of milk prices between the countries could be observed with > 35 US-$/100 kg milk in Switzerland, Norway and Canada and < 15 US-$ in Argentina and Pakistan. Costs of milk production differ significantly between the countries, and within the countries as well. The highest costs of milk production (50 - 60 US- $/100 kg milk) are found in Switzerland and on average sized farms in the EU, the lowest costs in Argentina (10 - 15 US-$). For the future, a "world market price for milk," which was around 15 - 20 US-$/100 kg milk in 2003, is expected to be higher and might end at around 28 US-$.
Advances in Deep Learning for Hyperspectral Image Analysis--Addressing Challenges Arising in Practical Imaging Scenarios
Creators: name: Zhou, Xiong
name: Prasad, Saurabh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Deep neural networks have proven to be very effective for computer vision tasks, such as image classification, object detection, and semantic segmentation -- these are primarily applied to color imagery and video. In recent years, there has been an emergence of deep learning algorithms being applied to hyperspectral and multispectral imagery for remote sensing and biomedicine tasks. These multi-channel images come with their own unique set of challenges that must be addressed for effective image analysis. Challenges include limited ground truth (annotation is expensive and extensive labeling is often not feasible), and high dimensional nature of the data (each pixel is represented by hundreds of spectral bands), despite being presented by a large amount of unlabeled data and the potential to leverage multiple sensors/sources that observe the same scene. In this chapter, we will review recent advances in the community that leverage deep learning for robust hyperspectral image analysis despite these unique challenges -- specifically, we will review unsupervised, semi-supervised and active learning approaches to image analysis, as well as transfer learning approaches for multi-source (e.g. multi-sensor, or multi-temporal) image analysis.
description: Published as a chapter in Hyperspectral Image Analysis. Advances in Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Is Protection for Sale in U.S. Food Industries?
Creators: name: Lopez, Rigoberto A.
name: Hathie, Ibrahima
name: Lopez, Rigoberto A.
name: Hathie, Ibrahima
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Political Economy
subject: trade protection
subject: tariffs
subject: lobbying
subject: political economy
subject: food manufacturing

description: This article tests the Grossman-Helpman Protection for Sale model using panel data from U.S. food processing industries with endogenous protection, imports, and political organization of industries. The results support the key predictions of the model: organized industries are granted higher protection that decreases with import penetration and the price elasticity of imports, but in unorganized industries protection increases with import penetration. In spite of substantial differences in data sets and empirical procedures, the estimated weight on aggregate welfare is strikingly similar those found by Goldberg and Maggi (1999) and Gawande and Bandopadhyay (2000), implying that protection is not for sale in these industries. Furthermore, the presence of import quotas raises the level of protection substantially.
Additional file 1 of How do short sleepers use extra waking hours? A compositional analysis of 24-h time-use patterns among children and adolescents
Creators: name: Gába, Aleš
name: Dygrýn, Jan
name: Štefelová, Nikola
name: Lukáš Rubín
name: Hron, Karel
name: Lukáš Jakubec
name: Željko Pedišić
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Syacium Ranzani 1842
Creators: name: Cicimurri, David J.
name: Ebersole, Jun A.
name: Stringer, Gary L.
name: Starnes, James E.
name: Phillips, George E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Pleuronectiformes
Paralichthyidae
Syacium

description: Genus Syacium Ranzani, 1842
Type species
Syacium micrurum Ranzani, 1842, Extant.
description: Published as part of Cicimurri, David J., Ebersole, Jun A., Stringer, Gary L., Starnes, James E. & Phillips, George E., 2025, Late Oligocene fishes (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes) from the Catahoula Formation in Wayne County, Mississippi, USA, pp. 1-131 in European Journal of Taxonomy 984 (1) on page 84, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.984.2851, http://zenodo.org/record/15126034
Additional file 1 of “We need more big trees as well as the grass roots”: going beyond research capacity building to develop sustainable careers in mental health research in African countries
Creators: name: Langhaug, Lisa F.
name: Jack, Helen
name: Hanlon, Charlotte
name: Holzer, Stefan
name: Sorsdahl, Katherine
name: Mutedzi, Barbara
name: Mangezi, Walter
name: Merritt, Christopher
name: Alem, Atalay
name: Stewart, Robert
name: Chiwoza Bandawe
name: Musesengwa, Rosemary
name: Abas, Melanie
name: Chibanda, Dixon
name: Crick Lund
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 1: Appendix A. Background to the four institutions supported by AMARI.
The possibility of separation of the ideal conductive and superconductive (Meissner state) phase transitions. 2. Physical consequences following from the paramagnetic effect
Creators: name: Gevorgyan, S. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the first part of this work an overview of the available data on the paramagnetic effect recently discovered in superconductors was given as well as a possible explanation of the effect. Here the consequences caused by this weakly expressed phenomenon and following from the analysis of the shape of the transition curve are discussed, as well as conclusions based on the test data and, important for true understanding of the nature of superconductivity.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Characterization of a Branch of the Phylogenetic Tree
Creators: name: Samuel, Stuart
name: Weng, Gezhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We use a combination of analytic models and computer simulations to gain insight into the dynamics of evolution. Our results suggest that certain interesting phenomena should eventually emerge from the fossil record. For example, there should be a ``tortoise and hare effect'': Those genera with the smallest species death rate are likely to survive much longer than genera with large species birth and death rates. A complete characterization of the behavior of a branch of the phylogenetic tree corresponding to a genus and accurate mathematical representations of the various stages are obtained. We apply our results to address certain controversial issues that have arisen in paleontology such as the importance of punctuated equilibrium and whether unique Cambrian phyla have survived to the present.
description: LaTeX file, 10-page publication, 7 figures in jpeg format
Using high-power lasers for detection of elastic photon-photon scattering
Creators: name: Lundstrom, E.
name: Brodin, G.
name: Lundin, J.
name: Marklund, M.
name: Bingham, R.
name: Collier, J.
name: Mendonca, J. T.
name: Norreys, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of four-wave interaction via the nonlinear quantum vacuum is investigated. The effect of the quantum vacuum is to generate photons with new frequencies and wave vectors, due to elastic photon-photon scattering. An expression for the number of generated photons is derived and using state-of-the-art laser data it is found that the number of photons can reach detectable levels. In particular, the prospect of using the high repetition Astra Gemini system at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory is discussed. The problem of noise sources is reviewed, and it is found that the noise level can be reduced well below the signal level. Thus, detection of elastic photon-photon scattering may for the first time be achieved.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures (color), to appear in Physical Review Letters
Evaluation of polarization characteristics in metal/ferroelectric/semiconductor capacitors and ferroelectric field-effect transistors
Creators: name: Toprasertpong, Kasidit
name: Tahara, Kento
name: Takenaka, Mitsuru
name: Takagi, Shinichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, we propose a measurement technique for evaluating ferroelectric polarization characteristics in ferroelectric field-effect transistors (FeFETs). Different from standard metal/ferroelectric/metal capacitors, the depletion and inversion phenomena in semiconductor substrates have to be carefully taken into account when evaluating the ferroelectric properties using fast voltage sweep as input. The non-equilibrium deep depletion is found to be the limiting factor for the accurate evaluation of ferroelectric properties in metal/ferroelectric/semiconductor capacitors. By connecting the source, drain, and substrate of the FeFET together during the polarization measurement, the deep depletion can be suppressed and the ferroelectricity of the ferroelectric gate can be accurately evaluated. The present technique is a powerful method for capturing the polarization states in FeFETs, enabling new approaches for device characterization and fundamental study, and overcomes the limitation found in the conventional polarization measurement on 2-terminal metal/ferroelectric/semiconductor capacitors.
Noncooperative Game Theory: A Review with Potential Applications to Agricultural Markets
Creators: name: Sexton, Richard J.
name: Sexton, Richard J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: This paper is a survey on noncooperative game theory relevant to agricultural markets. It is divided into two parts. Part I discussed types of noncooperative games and reviews important developments in noncooperative game theory solution concepts, including Nash equilibrium, subgame perfect equilibrium, and perfect Bayesian equilibrium. Strengths and weaknesses of game theory as a modelling tool are also assessed. Part II illustrates applications of the theory to agricultural markets. Game theory is relevant when markets are imperfectly competitive, and this paper argues that this condition is commonly met in agriculture. Specific topics of application include principal-agent models, vertical control, auctions, and bargaining. A shortened version of this paper was published in the Review of Marketing and Agricultural Economics.
Additional file 2 of “We need more big trees as well as the grass roots”: going beyond research capacity building to develop sustainable careers in mental health research in African countries
Creators: name: Langhaug, Lisa F.
name: Jack, Helen
name: Hanlon, Charlotte
name: Holzer, Stefan
name: Sorsdahl, Katherine
name: Mutedzi, Barbara
name: Mangezi, Walter
name: Merritt, Christopher
name: Alem, Atalay
name: Stewart, Robert
name: Chiwoza Bandawe
name: Musesengwa, Rosemary
name: Abas, Melanie
name: Chibanda, Dixon
name: Crick Lund
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 2: Appendix B. Interview Guides.
A Blockchain-based Iterative Double Auction Protocol using Multiparty State Channels
Creators: name: Nguyen, Truc D. T.
name: Thai, My T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Although the iterative double auction has been widely used in many different applications, one of the major problems in its current implementations is that they rely on a trusted third party to handle the auction process. This imposes the risk of single point of failures, monopoly, and bribery. In this paper, we aim to tackle this problem by proposing a novel decentralized and trustless framework for iterative double auction based on blockchain. Our design adopts the smart contract and state channel technologies to enable a double auction process among parties that do not need to trust each other, while minimizing the blockchain transactions. In specific, we propose an extension to the original concept of state channels that can support multiparty computation. Then we provide a formal development of the proposed framework and prove the security of our design against adversaries. Finally, we develop a proof-of-concept implementation of our framework using Elixir and Solidity, on which we conduct various experiments to demonstrate its feasibility and practicality.
Quasinormal modes of black holes and dissipative open systems
Creators: name: Kim, Sang Pyo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After explaining the physical origin of the quasinormal modes of perturbations in the background geometry of a black hole, I critically review the recent proposal for the quantization of the black-hole area based on the real part of quasinormal modes. As instantons due to the barriers of black-hole potentials lie at the root of a discrete set of complex quasinormal modes frequencies, it is likely that the physics of quasinormal modes can be learned from quantum theory. I propose a connection of a system of quasinormal modes of black holes with a dissipative open system, in particular, the Feshbach-Tikochinsky oscillator. This argument is supported in part by the fact that these two systems have the same group structure SU(1,1) and the same group representation of Hamiltonians; thereby, their quantum states exhibit the same behavior.
description: RevTex 9 pages, one figure; Talks at Black Hole V, Canada, 2005 and 9th Italian-Korean Symposium, Korea, 2005; note and references added in proof
Antitrust Analysis of Supermarket Retailing: Common Global Concerns that Play Out in Local Markets
Creators: name: Cotterill, Ronald W.
name: Cotterill, Ronald W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: market definition
subject: market power
subject: Nash Bertrand conduct
subject: manufacturer Stackelberg conduct
subject: price cost margin
subject: market concentration
subject: price transmission rate

description: This paper reviews the basic antitrust standards for the supermarket industry including definition of product and geographic markets and the exercise of coordinated and unilateral market power. It surveys the structure-conduct-performance and the New Empirical Industrial Organization literature to highlight alternative tests for supermarket power. The focus is a supermarket chain's ability to exercise buyer as well as seller power. Recent research on vertical pricing topics including noncompetitive pricing games, double marginalization, private labels, vertical foreclosure, vertical price leadership and price transmission expand the analysis to market channel pricing issues. The availability of comprehensive scanner data, new economic theory and extensive computing power now allows one to estimate food manufacturer and supermarket retailer pricing conduct in the wholesale market jointly with retailer conduct in the consumer market.
NPPA/atrial natriuretic peptide is an extracellular modulator of autophagy in the heart
Creators: name: Forte, Maurizio
name: Marchitti, Simona
name: Di Nonno, Flavio
name: Stanzione, Rosita
name: Schirone, Leonardo
name: Cotugno, Maria
name: Bianchi, Franca
name: Schiavon, Sonia
name: Raffa, Salvatore
name: Ranieri, Danilo
name: Fioriniello, Salvatore
name: Della Ragione, Floriana
name: Torrisi, Maria Rosaria
name: Carnevale, Roberto
name: Valenti, Valentina
name: Versaci, Francesco
name: Frati, Giacomo
name: Vecchione, Carmine
name: Volpe, Massimo
name: Rubattu, Speranza
name: Sciarretta, Sebastiano
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: NPPA/atrial natriuretic peptide (natriuretic peptide type A) exerts critical pleiotropic effects in the cardiovascular system, limiting cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and death, reducing cardiac fibrosis and promoting vascular integrity. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these beneficial effects still need to be clarified. We demonstrated for the first time that macroautophagy/autophagy is involved in the local protective effects of NPPA in cardiomyocytes (CMs), both in vitro and in vivo. Exogenous NPPA rapidly activates autophagy in CMs through NPR1/type A natriuretic peptide receptor and PRKG/protein kinase G signaling and also increases cardiac autophagy in mice. Remarkably, endogenous NPPA is secreted by CMs in response to glucose deprivation or hypoxia, thereby stimulating autophagy through autocrine/paracrine mechanisms. NPPA preserves cell viability and reduces hypertrophy in response to stress through autophagy activation. In vivo, we found that Nppa knockout mice undergoing ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) show increased infarct size and reduced autophagy. Reactivation of autophagy by Tat-Beclin D11 limits I/R injury. We also found that the protective effects of NPPA in reducing infarct size are abrogated in the presence of autophagy inhibition. Mechanistically, we found that NPPA stimulates autophagy through the activation of TFEB (transcription factor EB). Our data suggest that NPPA is a novel extracellular regulator of autophagy in the heart.
Market Power and the Demsetz Quality Critique: An Evaluation for Food Retailing
Creators: name: Cotterill, Ronald W.
name: Harper, C. David
name: Cotterill, Ronald W.
name: Harper, C. David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
Industrial Organization

description: This study analyzes supermarket firm prices to determine whether prices are related to market structure and whether the Demsetz quality critique is valid. Factor analysis is used to identify five service factors that are modeled with price as endogenous variables in a simultaneous equations framework to test whether a more concentrated market structure is related to higher service levels which, in turn, are related to higher prices (the Demsetz hypothesis) and whether a more concentrated market structure is directly related to higher price (market power hypothesis). For this study of supermarkets in 34 local markets in six southwestern states, market share and concentration are not significantly related to any service factors. Concentration has a significant positive relationship with price in the full sample, and share also is significantly related to price in subsamples of large, leading firms. Thus, the Demsetz critique is rejected. Other factors that affect price include store format, whether a firm competes against warehouse supermarkets, store cost, and market demand factors.
title: Η διερεύνηση της αποτελεσματικότητας της μεταπτυχιακής εκπαίδευσης των ιδιωτικών εκπαιδευτικών που αμείβονται από το Υπουργείο Παιδείας κατά τη διάρκεια της άδειας υπηρεσιακής τους εκπαίδευσης
title: Investigating the effectiveness of postgraduate studies of private educators paid by the Ministry of Education during their sabbatical leave
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Μανιουδάκη, Αργυρή
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2021
Subjects: Εκπαίδευση
Αποτελεσματικότητα μεταπτυχιακής εκπαίδευσης
Εκπαιδευτικοί ιδιωτικής εκπαίδευσης

description: Η εκπαίδευση παίζει πρωταρχικό ρόλο στην ατομική, κοινωνική και οικονομική ανάπτυξη μιας κοινωνίας. Η εκπαίδευση στηρίζεται σε μεγάλο βαθμό στην ικανότητα των εκπαιδευτικών, οι οποίοι ανταποκρινόμενοι στις απαιτήσεις της σύγχρονης κοινωνίας προσανατολίζονται στην αναβάθμιση της δικής τους εκπαίδευσης. Η «δια βίου» εκπαίδευση των εκπαιδευτικών συνεπάγεται τη διαρκή βελτίωση της εκπαίδευσης που παρέχουν. Αντικείμενο της παρούσας εργασίας αποτελεί η διερεύνηση της αποτελεσματικότητας της μεταπτυχιακής εκπαίδευσης των εκπαιδευτικών που απασχολούνται στην ιδιωτική εκπαίδευση, στους οποίους χορηγείται εκπαιδευτική άδεια από το Υπουργείο Παιδείας και Θρησκευμάτων και αμείβονται απ΄ αυτό κατά τη διάρκεια της άδειας τους. Τα βασικά συμπεράσματα της εργασίας στηρίζονται από μεθοδολογική άποψη στη διερεύνηση του υφιστάμενου θεσμικού πλαισίου, στην επισκόπηση της σχετικής βιβλιογραφίας και στα αποτελέσματα της πρωτογενούς έρευνας που στοχεύουν να αναδείξουν πώς οι εκπαιδευτικοί, που απασχολούνται σε ιδιωτικά εκπαιδευτήρια, αξιολογούν την αποτελεσματικότητα της απόκτησης μεταπτυχιακού τίτλου σπουδών στην βελτίωση του εκπαιδευτικού τους έργου.
Additional file 1 of Building research capacity in musculoskeletal health: qualitative evaluation of a graduate nurse and allied health professional internship programme
Creators: name: Wright, David
name: Fry, Mary
name: Adams, Jo
name: Bowen, Catherine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1. Evaluation Question Schedules
Fourth-Order Algorithms for Solving the Imaginary Time Gross-Pitaevskii Equation in a Rotating Anisotropic Trap
Creators: name: Chin, Siu A.
name: Krotscheck, Eckhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By implementing the exact density matrix for the rotating anisotropic harmonic trap, we derive a class of very fast and accurate fourth order algorithms for evolving the Gross-Pitaevskii equation in imaginary time. Such fourth order algorithms are possible only with the use of {\it forward}, positive time step factorization schemes. These fourth order algorithms converge at time-step sizes an order-of-magnitude larger than conventional second order algorithms. Our use of time-dependent factorization schemes provides a systematic way of devising algorithms for solving this type of nonlinear equations.
description: 14 pages with 3 figures, revised figures with the use of the Lambert W-function for doing the self-consistent iterations. Published version
Additional file 1 of A moderate-carbohydrate diet with plant protein is inversely associated with cardiovascular risk factors: the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013–2017
Creators: name: Kyungho Ha
name: Kisun Nam
name: Song, YoonJu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of cardiovascular risk factors according to moderate- and high-carbohydrate diets, stratified by protein source in older adults (aged ≥ 50 years).
The Effects of the Beatrice-Conagra Merger on Brand-level Marketing Strategies
Creators: name: Haller, Lawrence E.
name: Haller, Lawrence E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This paper uses graphical and statistical techniques to examine the effects of the acquisition of the Beatrice Foods Company by ConAgra, Inc. on brand-level marketing strategies. While some instances of postmerger brand harvesting were found, we did not find evidence that there was any systematic or widespread practice of a harvesting strategy.
Multilinear Algebra for Distributed Storage
Creators: name: Duursma, Iwan
name: Li, Xiao
name: Wang, Hsin-Po
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 94B27 (Primary), 15A75 (Secondary)

description: An $(n, k, d, α, β, M)$-ERRC (exact-repair regenerating code) is a collection of $n$ nodes used to store a file. For a file of total size $M$, each node stores $α$ symbols, any $k$ nodes recover the file, and any $d$ nodes repair any other node via sending out $β$ symbols. We establish a multilinear algebra foundation to assemble $(n, k, d, α, β, M)$-ERRCs for all meaningful $(n, k, d)$ tuples. Our ERRCs tie the $α/M$-versus-$β/M$ trade-off with cascade codes, the best known construction for this trade-off. We give directions on how these ERRCs repair multiple failures.
description: 33 pages, 6 figures, 1 table