cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Nonsingular Cosmology with a Scale-Invariant Spectrum of Cosmological Perturbations from Lee-Wick Theory
Creators: name: Cai, Yi-Fu
name: Qiu, Taotao
name: Brandenberger, Robert
name: Zhang, Xinmin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the cosmology of a Lee-Wick type scalar field theory. First, we consider homogeneous and isotropic background solutions and find that they are nonsingular, leading to cosmological bounces. Next, we analyze the spectrum of cosmological perturbations which result from this model. Unless either the potential of the Lee-Wick theory or the initial conditions are finely tuned, it is impossible to obtain background solutions which have a sufficiently long period of inflation after the bounce. More interestingly, however, we find that in the generic non-inflationary bouncing cosmology, perturbations created from quantum vacuum fluctuations in the contracting phase have the correct form to lead to a scale-invariant spectrum of metric inhomogeneities in the expanding phase. Since the background is non-singular, the evolution of the fluctuations is defined unambiguously through the bounce. We also analyze the evolution of fluctuations which emerge from thermal initial conditions in the contracting phase. The spectrum of gravitational waves stemming for quantum vacuum fluctuations in the contracting phase is also scale-invariant, and the tensor to scalar ratio is not suppressed.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures
Mg for hydrogen storage: synthesis, nanostructure and thermodynamics properties
Creators: name: Callini, Elsa <1982>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2011
Subjects: FIS/03 Fisica della materia

description: Nowadays alternative energies are an extremely important topic and the possibility of using hydrogen as an energy carrier must be explored. Many problems infer the technological application of this abundant and powerful resource, one of them the possibility of storage. 
In the framework of suitable materials for hydrogen storage, magnesium has been the center of this study because it is cheap and the amount of stored hydrogen that it achieves (7.6 wt%) is extremely appealing. Nanostructure helps to overcome the slow hydrogen diffusion and the functionalization of surfaces with transition metals or oxides favors the hydrogen molecule dissociation/recombination.
The aim of this research is the investigation of the metal-hydride transformation in magnesium nanoparticles synthesized by inert-gas condensation, exploiting the fact that they are a simple model system. The so produced nanostructured powder has been analyzed in response to nanoparticles surface functionalization by transition metal clusters, specifically palladium, nickel and titanium, chosen on the basis of their completely different Mg-related phase diagrams. The role of the intermetallic phases formed upon heating and hydrogenation treatments will be presented to provide a comprehensive picture of hydrogen sorption in this class of nanostructured storage materials.
MicroRNA Interaction network in human: implications of clustered microRNA in biological pathways and genetic diseases
Creators: name: Mookherjee, Sushmita
name: Sinha, Mithun
name: Mukhopadhyay, Saikat
name: Bhattacharyya, Nitai P.
name: Mohanty, P. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A novel group of small non-coding RNA, known as microRNA (miRNA) is predicted to regulate as high as 90% of the coding genes in human. The diversity and abundance of miRNA targets offer an enormous level of combinatorial possibilities and suggest that miRNAs and their targets form a complex regulatory network. In the present study, we analyzed 711 miRNAs and their 34, 525 predicted targets in the miRBase database which generate a complex bipartite network having numerous numbers of genes forming the hub. Genes at the hub (total 9877) are significantly over represented in genes with specific molecular functions, biological processes and biological pathways as revealed from the analysis using PANTHER. We further construct a miRNA co-target network by linking every pair of miRNAs which co-target at least one gene. The weight of the link, which is taken to be the number of co-targets of the pair of miRNAs vary widely, and we could erase several links while keeping the relevant features of the network intact. The largest connected sub-graph, thus obtained, contains 479 miRNAs. More than 75% of the miRNAs deregulated in 15 different diseases collected from published data are found to be in this largest sub graph. We further analyze this sub-graph to obtain 70 small clusters containing total 330 miRNAs of 479. We identified the biological pathways where the co-targeted genes in the clusters are significantly over- represented in comparison to that obtained with that are not co-targeted by the miRNAs in the cluster. Using published data, we identified that specific clusters of miRNAs are associated with specific diseases by altering particular pathways. We propose that instead of single miRNA, clusters of miRNA that co-targets the genes are important for the regulation of miRNA in diseases.
description: 11 pages, 7 eps figures (Supplementary material is available on request)
Holographic entanglement entropy and modular Hamiltonian in warped CFT in the framework of GMMG model
Creators: name: Setare, M. R.
name: Koohgard, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study some aspects of a class of non-AdS holography where the 3d bulk gravity is given by Generalized Minimal Massive Gravity (GMMG). We consider the spacelike warped $AdS_3$ ($WAdS_3$) black hole solution of this model where the 2d dual boundary theory is the warped conformal field theory (WFCT). The charge algebra of the isometries in the bulk and the charge algebra of the vacuum symmetries at the boundary are compatible and this is an evidence for the duality conjecture. Further evidence for this duality is the equality of entanglement entropy and modular Hamiltonian on both sides of the duality. So we consider the modular Hamiltonian for the single interval at the boundary in associated to the modular flow generators of the vacuum. We calculate the gravitational charge in associated to the asymptotic Killing vectors that preserve the metric boundary conditions. Assuming the first law of the entanglement entropy to be true, we introduce the matching conditions between the variables in two side of the duality and we find equality of the modular Hamiltonian variations and the gravitational charge variations in two sides of the duality. According to the results of the present paper we can say with more sure that the dual theory of the warped $AdS3$ black hole solution of GMMG is a Warped CFT.
description: 23 pages. Accepted for publication in EPJC
Stochastic Nature of Gravitational Waves from Supernova Explosions with Standing Accretion Shock Instability
Creators: name: Kotake, Kei
name: Iwakami, Wakana
name: Ohnishi, Naofumi
name: Yamada, Shoichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study properties of gravitational waves based on the three-dimensional simulations, which demonstrate the neutrino-driven explosions aided by the standing accretion shock instability (SASI). Pushed by evidence supporting slow rotation prior to core-collapse, we focus on the asphericities in neutrino emissions and matter motions outside the protoneutron star. By performing a ray-tracing calculation in 3D, we estimate accurately the gravitational waveforms from anisotropic neutrino emissions. In contrast to the previous work assuming axisymmetry, we find that the gravitational waveforms vary much more stochastically because the explosion anisotropies depend sensitively on the growth of the SASI which develops chaotically in all directions. Our results show that the gravitational-wave spectrum has its peak near $\sim 100$ Hz, reflecting the SASI-induced matter overturns of $\sim O(10)$ ms. We point out that the detection of such signals, possibly visible to the LIGO-class detectors for a Galactic supernova, could be an important probe into the long-veiled explosion mechanism.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, accepted by ApJL
Complete cosmological evolution model of a classical scalar field with a higgs potential. II. Numerical simulation
Creators: name: Ignat'ev, Yu. G.
name: Samigullina, A. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A complete cosmological evolution model of the classical scalar field with a Higgs potential is studied and simulated on a computer without the assumption that the Hubble constant is nonnegative. It is shown that with most initial conditions, the cosmological model goes from the expansion stage to the compression stage. Thus, cosmological models based on the classical Higgs field are unstable to finite perturbations.
description: 7 pages, 12 figures, 2 references
La figure de Méduse. Réécritures ovidiennes entre XVIe et XVIIe siècle
Creators: name: Raisi, Elena <1978>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2011
Subjects: L-FIL-LET/14 Critica letteraria e letterature comparate

description: Starting from an original assumption that Ovid is one of the most influential and studied European mythographers from ancient times till at least the end of the XVII century, my research is about rediscovering Medusa's myth which has been brought to us from Metamorphosis during the period of time between the mid XVI and the last years of the XVII century. The main thread that leads the research trough English, French, Spanish and Italian Literatures gets particularly clarified in the crucial crux that binds the image of Gorgon, the protector of hight mysteries, tightly correlated to the goddess of knowledge, Minerva, and the attraction/dismay for knowing so far considered inaccessible but now perceived as possible (so more attractive than before) thanks to the scientific and geographic discoveries of the Renaissance.
Deep Generative Model for Simultaneous Range Error Mitigation and Environment Identification
Creators: name: Li, Yuxiao
name: Mazuelas, Santiago
name: Shen, Yuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Received waveforms contain rich information for both range information and environment semantics. However, its full potential is hard to exploit under multipath and non-line-of-sight conditions. This paper proposes a deep generative model (DGM) for simultaneous range error mitigation and environment identification. In particular, we present a Bayesian model for the generative process of the received waveform composed by latent variables for both range-related features and environment semantics. The simultaneous range error mitigation and environment identification is interpreted as an inference problem based on the DGM, and implemented in a unique end-to-end learning scheme. Comprehensive experiments on a general Ultra-wideband dataset demonstrate the superior performance on range error mitigation, scalability to different environments, and novel capability on simultaneous environment identification.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, Published in: 2021 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)
Continuous-Time Random Walks at All Times
Creators: name: Kolomeisky, Anatoly B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Continuous-time random walks (CTRW) play important role in understanding of a wide range of phenomena. However, most theoretical studies of these models concentrate only on stationary-state dynamics. We present a new theoretical approach, based on generalized master equations picture, that allowed us to obtain explicit expressions for Laplace transforms for all dynamic quantities for different CTRW models. This theoretical method leads to the effective description of CTRW at all times. Specific calculations are performed for homogeneous, periodic models and for CTRW with irreversible detachments. The approach to stationary states for CTRW is analyzed. Our results are also used to analyze generalized fluctuations theorem.
A Semi-Supervised Learning Approach for Ranging Error Mitigation Based on UWB Waveform
Creators: name: Li, Yuxiao
name: Mazuelas, Santiago
name: Shen, Yuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Localization systems based on ultra-wide band (UWB) measurements can have unsatisfactory performance in harsh environments due to the presence of non-line-of-sight (NLOS) errors. Learning-based methods for error mitigation have shown great performance improvement via directly exploiting the wideband waveform instead of handcrafted features. However, these methods require data samples fully labeled with actual measurement errors for training, which leads to time-consuming data collection. In this paper, we propose a semi-supervised learning method based on variational Bayes for UWB ranging error mitigation. Combining deep learning techniques and statistic tools, our method can efficiently accumulate knowledge from both labeled and unlabeled data samples. Extensive experiments illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method under different supervision rates, and the superiority compared to other fully supervised methods even at a low supervision rate.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, Published in: MILCOM 2021 - 2021 IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM)
Interplay of Rad51 with NF-κB pathway stimulates expression of HIV-1
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Astrocytes
Brain
Cell Nucleus
Cells, Cultured
Gene Expression Regulation, Viral
HIV Infections
HIV Long Terminal Repeat
HIV-1
Humans
Leukocytes, Mononuclear
Mutation
Promoter Regions, Genetic
Rad51 Recombinase
Recombination, Genetic
Transcription Factor RelA
Transcriptional Activation

description: Transcription from the HIV-1 promoter is controlled by a series of ubiquitous and inducible cellular proteins with the ability to enter the nucleus and interact with the promoter. A DNA sequence spanning nucleotides -120 to -80, which supports the association of the inducible NF-κB transcription factor, has received much attention. Here we demonstrate that the interplay between Rad51, a key regulator of the homologous recombination pathway of DNA repair and whose level is induced upon HIV-1 infection, with the NF-κB pathway, augments transcription of the viral promoter. Evidently, stimulation of the NF-κB pathway by PMA and/or TSA promotes association of Rad51 with the LTR DNA sequence and that the p65 subunit of NF-κB is important for this event. Our results also demonstrate that, similar to p65, Rad51 utilizes the NF-κB pathway to position itself in the nucleus as ectopic expression of an IκB mutant impedes its nuclear appearance and transcriptional activity upon the HIV-1 LTR. Treatment of peripheral blood mononuclear cells with small molecules that inhibit Rad51 activity results in greater than 50% decrease in the HIV-1 infection of cells. These observations provide evidence for the involvement of DNA repair factors in control of HIV-1 gene activation and offer a new avenue for the development of anti-viral therapeutics that affect viral gene transcription in latently infected cells. © 2014 Kaminski et al.
The magnetoresistance tensor of La(0.8)Sr(0.2)MnO(3)
Creators: name: Bason, Y.
name: Hoffman, J.
name: Ahn, C. H.
name: Klein, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the temperature dependence of the anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) and the planar Hall effect (PHE) in c-axis oriented epitaxial thin films of La(0.8)Sr(0.2)MnO(3), for different current directions relative to the crystal axes, and show that both AMR and PHE depend strongly on current orientation. We determine a magnetoresistance tensor, extracted to 4th order, which reflects the crystal symmetry and provides a comprehensive description of the data. We extend the applicability of the extracted tensor by determining the bi-axial magnetocrystalline anisotropy in our samples.
Additional file 1 of Operating procedures, risk management and challenges during implementation of adaptive and non-adaptive MR-guided radiotherapy: 1-year single-center experience
Creators: name: Garcia Schüler, Helena Isabel
name: Pavic, Matea
name: Mayinger, Michael
name: Weitkamp, Nienke
name: Chamberlain, Madalyne
name: Reiner, Cäcilia
name: Linsenmeier, Claudia
name: Balermpas, Panagiotis
name: Krayenbühl, Jerome
name: Guckenberger, Matthias
name: Baumgartl, Michael
name: Wilke, Lotte
name: Tanadini-Lang, Stephanie
name: Andratschke, Nicolaus
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Screening checklist, detailed risk analysis, special aspects of treatment sites (liver, bone, prostate/pelvis, head and neck), quality assurance of the machine.
Characterization of vascular wall progenitor cells and their role in therapeutic angiogenesis and Monckeberg's sclerosis
Creators: name: Pacilli, Annalisa <1983>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2011
Subjects: MED/22 Chirurgia vascolare

description: Recently, the existence of a capillary-rich vasculogenic zone has been identified in adult human arteries between the tunica media and adventitia; in this area it has been
postulated that Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) may be present amidst the endothelial progenitors and hematopoietic stem cells. This hypothesis is supported by several studies claiming to have found the in vivo reservoir of MSCs in post-natal vessels and by the presence of ectopic tissues in the pathological artery wall. We demonstrated that the existence of multipotent progenitors is not restricted to microvasculature; vascular wall
resident MSCs (VW-MSCs) have been isolated from multidistrict human large and middle size vessels (aortic arch, thoracic aorta and femoral artery) harvested from healthy multiorgan donors. Each VW-MSC population shows characteristics of embryonic-like stem cells and exhibits angiogenic, adipogenic, chondrogenic and leiomyogenic potential but less propensity to osteogenic ifferentiation. Human vascular progenitor cells are also able to engraft, differentiate into mature endothelial cells and support muscle function when injected in a murine model of hind limb ischemia. Conversely, VW-MSCs isolated from calcified femoral arteries display a good response to osteogenic commitment letting us to suppose that VW-MSCs could have an important role in the onset of vascular pathologies such as Mönckeberg sclerosis. Taken together these results show two opposite roles of vascular progenitor cells and underline the importance of establishing their in vivo pathological and regenerative potential to better understand pathological events and promote different therapeutic strategies in cardiovascular research and clinical applications.
Physiological Approaches for Boosting Productivity in Dairy Cattle
Creators: name: Dr. Gagan Chawla, Assistant Professor, Sri Ganganagar Veterinary College, Tantia University, Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan. Dr. Balwant Kumar, Assistant Professor, Sri Ganganagar Veterinary College, Tantia University, Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan. Manisha Choudhary, PhD Scholar, Animal Biotechnology, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal
Publisher: name: The Science world a Monthly e magazine
Year: 2024

description: In the pursuit of maximizing the productivity of dairy cattle, the veterinary field has increasingly turned to physiological interventions. These approaches, rooted in a deep understanding of the biological processes governing cattle health and productivity, offer significant potential to enhance milk yield, reproductive efficiency, and overall herd health. This article explores the latest physiological strategies that can be employed to optimize dairy cattle productivity, with a particular focus on hormonal regulation, metabolic management, and immune modulation.
Essays in behavioral economics
Creators: name: Nardotto, Mattia <1982>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2011
Subjects: SECS-P/06 Economia applicata

description: In this work we conduct an experimental analysis on different behavioral models of economic choice. In particular, we analyze the role of overconfidence in shaping the beliefs of economics agents about the future path of their consumption or investment. We discuss the relevance of this bias in expectation formation both from a static and from a dynamic point of view and we analyze the effect of possible interventions aimed to achieve some policy goals. The methodology we follow is both theoretical and empirical. In particular, we make large use of controlled economic field experiments in order to test the predictions of the theoretical models we propose. In the second part of the thesis we discuss the role of cognition and personality in affecting economic preferences and choices. In this way we make a bridge between established psychological research and novel findings in economics. Finally, we conduct a field study on the role of incentives on education. We design different incentive schemes and we test, on randomized groups of students, their effectiveness in improving academic performance.
Stock Price Prediction Using Time Series, Econometric, Machine Learning, and Deep Learning Models
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Ananda
name: Bhowmick, Hrisav
name: Sen, Jaydip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Econometrics (econ.EM)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For a long-time, researchers have been developing a reliable and accurate predictive model for stock price prediction. According to the literature, if predictive models are correctly designed and refined, they can painstakingly and faithfully estimate future stock values. This paper demonstrates a set of time series, econometric, and various learning-based models for stock price prediction. The data of Infosys, ICICI, and SUN PHARMA from the period of January 2004 to December 2019 was used here for training and testing the models to know which model performs best in which sector. One time series model (Holt-Winters Exponential Smoothing), one econometric model (ARIMA), two machine Learning models (Random Forest and MARS), and two deep learning-based models (simple RNN and LSTM) have been included in this paper. MARS has been proved to be the best performing machine learning model, while LSTM has proved to be the best performing deep learning model. But overall, for all three sectors - IT (on Infosys data), Banking (on ICICI data), and Health (on SUN PHARMA data), MARS has proved to be the best performing model in sales forecasting.
description: This is the accepted version of our paper in the international conference, IEEE Mysurucon'21, which was organized in Hassan, Karnataka, India from October 24, 2021 to October 25, 2021. The paper is 8 pages long, and it contains 20 figures and 22 tables. This is the preprint of the conference paper
Doping dependence of Normal-state Property in the Iron-based Oxypnictide Superconductors LaFeAsO1-y probed by 57Fe-NMR and 75As-NMR/NQR
Creators: name: Mukuda, H.
name: Terasaki, N.
name: Tamura, N.
name: Kinouchi, H.
name: Yashima, M.
name: Kitaoka, Y.
name: Miyazawa, K.
name: Shirage, P. M.
name: Suzuki, S.
name: Miyasaka, S.
name: Tajima, S.
name: Kito, H.
name: Eisaki, H.
name: Iyo, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report systematic 57Fe-NMR and 75As-NMR/NQR studies on an underdoped sample (T_c=20 K), an optimally doped sample (T_c=28 K), and an overdoped sample (T_c=22 K) of oxygen-deficient iron (Fe)-based oxypnictide superconductor LaFeAsO_{1-y}$. A microscopic phase separation between superconducting domains and magnetic domains is shown to take place in the underdoped sample, indicating a local inhomogeneity in association with the density distribution of oxygen deficiencies. As a result, 1/T_1T in the normal state of the superconducting domain decreases significantly upon cooling at both the Fe and As sites regardless of the electron-doping level in LaFeAsO_{1-y}. On the basis of this result, we claim that $1/T_1T$ is not always enhanced by antiferromagnetic fluctuations close to an antiferromagnetic phase in the underdoped superconducting sample. This contrasts with the behavior in hole-doped Ba_{0.6}K_{0.4}Fe2As2(T_c= 38 K), which exhibits a significant increase in $1/T_1T$ upon cooling. We remark that the crucial difference between the normal-state properties of LaFeAsO_{1-y} and Ba_{0.6}K_{0.4}Fe2As2 originates from the fact that the relevant Fermi surface topologies are differently modified depending on whether electrons or holes are doped into the FeAs layers.
description: 8 pages, 13 figures, to be published in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. Vol. 78 No. 8
Single frequency CMB B-mode inference with realistic foregrounds from a single training image
Creators: name: Jeffrey, Niall
name: Boulanger, François
name: Wandelt, Benjamin D.
name: Blancard, Bruno Regaldo-Saint
name: Allys, Erwan
name: Levrier, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With a single training image and using wavelet phase harmonic augmentation, we present polarized Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) foreground marginalization in a high-dimensional likelihood-free (Bayesian) framework. We demonstrate robust foreground removal using only a single frequency of simulated data for a BICEP-like sky patch. Using Moment Networks we estimate the pixel-level posterior probability for the underlying {E,B} signal and validate the statistical model with a quantile-type test using the estimated marginal posterior moments. The Moment Networks use a hierarchy of U-Net convolutional neural networks. This work validates such an approach in the most difficult limiting case: pixel-level, noise-free, highly non-Gaussian dust foregrounds with a single training image at a single frequency. For a real CMB experiment, a small number of representative sky patches would provide the training data required for full cosmological inference. These results enable robust likelihood-free, simulation-based parameter and model inference for primordial B-mode detection using observed CMB polarization data.
description: Accepted by Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Letters. 5 pages with 3 figures (plus 1 page of Supporting Materials with 2 figures)
Commissioning and Prospects for Early Physics with ALICE
Creators: name: Kuijer, P. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ALICE detector has been commissioned and is ready for taking data at the Large Hadron Collider. The first proton-proton collisions are expected in 2009. This contribution describes the current status of the detector, the results of the commissioning phase and its capabilities to contribute to the understanding of both pp and PbPb collisions
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, To appear in the proceedings for Quark Matter 2009, March 30 - April 4, Knoxville, Tennessee
Dust destruction and survival in the Cassiopeia A reverse shock
Creators: name: Priestley, F. D.
name: Arias, M.
name: Barlow, M. J.
name: De Looze, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) produce large ($\gtrsim 0.1 \, {\rm M}_\odot$) masses of dust, and are potentially the primary source of dust in the Universe, but much of this dust may be destroyed before reaching the interstellar medium. Cassiopeia A (Cas A) is the only supernova remnant where an observational measurement of the dust destruction efficiency in the reverse shock is possible at present. We determine the pre- and post-shock dust masses in Cas A using a substantially improved dust emission model. In our preferred models, the unshocked ejecta contains $0.6-0.8 \, {\rm M}_\odot$ of $0.1 \, {\rm μm}$ silicate grains, while the post-shock ejecta has $0.02-0.09 \, {\rm M}_\odot$ of $5-10 {\, {\rm nm}}$ grains in dense clumps, and $2 \times 10^{-3} \, {\rm M}_\odot$ of $0.1 \, {\rm μm}$ grains in the diffuse X-ray emitting shocked ejecta. The implied dust destruction efficiency is $74-94 \%$ in the clumps and $92-98 \%$ overall, giving Cas A a final dust yield of $0.05-0.30 \, {\rm M}_\odot$. If the unshocked ejecta grains are larger than $0.1 \, {\rm μm}$, the dust masses are higher, the destruction efficiencies are lower, and the final yield may exceed $0.5 \, {\rm M}_\odot$. As Cas A has a dense circumstellar environment and thus a much stronger reverse shock than is typical, the average dust destruction efficiency across all CCSNe is likely to be lower, and the average dust yield higher. This supports a mostly-stellar origin for the cosmic dust budget.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures, MNRAS accepted
Additional file 1 of Metagenomic analysis to identify novel infectious agents in systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma
Creators: name: Mahale, Parag
name: Nomburg, Jason
name: Song, Joo Y.
name: Steinberg, Mia
name: Starrett, Gabriel
name: Boland, Joseph
name: Lynch, Charles F.
name: Chadburn, Amy
name: Rubinstein, Paul G.
name: Hernandez, Brenda Y.
name: Weisenburger, Dennis D.
name: Bullman, Susan
name: Engels, Eric A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Schematic of the computational approach used in the metagenomic analysis of ALCL. Figure S2. Additional GATK-PathSeq analysis of tumor specimens. Figure S3. Detailed taxonomic classification of GATK-PathSeq assigned non-human reads. Figure S4. Use of read-based approach to identify viral sequences associated with ALCL. Figure S5. The kmer enrichment approach to identify pathogen reads from unmapped GATK-PathSeq non-human reads. Table S1. Quality control results for cases included in the analysis. Table S2. Demographic and immunophenotypic features of cases and controls. Table S3 Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization panel performed on ALCL and DLBCL tumor specimens.
Dynamical Symmetries of the H Atom, One of the Most Important Tools Of Modern Physics: SO(4) to SO(4,2), Background, Theory, and Use in Calculating Radiative Shifts
Creators: name: Maclay, G. Jordan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the hydrogen atom has been at the heart of modern physics. Exploring the symmetry of the most fundamental two body system has led to advances in atomic physics, quantum mechanics, quantum electrodynamics, and elementary particle physics. In this pedagogic review we present an integrated treatment of the symmetries of the Schrodinger hydrogen atom, including the classical atom, the SO(4) degeneracy group, the non-invariance group or spectrum generating group SO(4,1) and the expanded group SO(4,2). After giving a brief history of these discoveries, most of which took place from 1935-1975, we focus on the physics of the hydrogen atom, providing a background discussion of the symmetries, providing explicit expressions for all the manifestly Hermitian generators in terms of position and momenta operators in a Cartesian space, explaining the action of the generators on the basis states, and giving a unified treatment of the bound and continuum states in terms of eigenfunctions that have the same quantum numbers as the ordinary bound states. We present some new results from SO(4,2) group theory that are useful in a practical application, the computation of the first order Lamb shift in the hydrogen atom. By using SO(4,2) methods, we are able to obtain a generating function for the radiative shift for all levels. Students, non-experts and the new generation of scientists may find the clearer, integrated presentation of the symmetries of the hydrogen atom helpful and illuminating. Experts will find new perspectives, even some surprises.
description: 68 pages, 8 figures, has corrections to the typographical errors in the version published in Symmetry
A field theory approach to pion deuteron elastic scattering
Creators: name: Alexander, James Harry
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Pion-deuteron elastic scattering is studied using a field theory of pions and nucleons. By treating the nucleons in this manner, the double-counting problem usually associated with pion multiple-seattering is avoided. The pion-deuteron T-matrix is written as a series expansion in terms of operators between one-nucleon states. The first two terms in the series are examined. The first term yields the usual single-scattering contribution to the T-matrix. The second term in the series can be expressed as a sum of twenty terms. By making an on-shell approximation and a static approximation where physically sensible, the magnitudes of the twenty terms are compared. The dominant term is similar to the conventional double scattering term resulting from the generalized impulse approximation. There are also four other terms whose magnitude cannot be evaluated without doing numerical studies with a particular field theoretic potential.
Search for the IR fixed point in the twisted Polyakov loop scheme
Creators: name: Bilgici, Erek
name: Flachi, Antonino
name: Itou, Etsuko
name: Kurachi, Masafumi
name: Lin, C. -J. David
name: Matsufuru, Hideo
name: Ohki, Hiroshi
name: Onogi, Tetsuya
name: Shintani, Eigo
name: Yamazaki, Takeshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a non-perturbative study of the running coupling constant in the Twisted Polyakov Loop (TPL) scheme. We investigate how the systematic and statistical errors can be controlled {\it via} a feasibility study in SU(3) pure Yang-Mills theory. We show that our method reproduces the perturbative determination of the running coupling in the UV. In addition, our numerical result agrees with the theoretical prediction of this coupling constant in the IR. We also present our preliminary results for $N_f=12$ QCD, where an IR fixed point may be present.
description: 8pages, Proceedings at the XXVII International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, July 26-31 2009, Peking University, Beijing, China
On the validity of evolutionary models with site-specific parameters
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Algorithms
Biological Evolution
Models, Statistical
Phylogeny

description: Evolutionary models that make use of site-specific parameters have recently been criticized on the grounds that parameter estimates obtained under such models can be unreliable and lack theoretical guarantees of convergence. We present a simulation study providing empirical evidence that a simple version of the models in question does exhibit sensible convergence behavior and that additional taxa, despite not being independent of each other, lead to improved parameter estimates. Although it would be desirable to have theoretical guarantees of this, we argue that such guarantees would not be sufficient to justify the use of these models in practice. Instead, we emphasize the importance of taking the variance of parameter estimates into account rather than blindly trusting point estimates - this is standardly done by using the models to construct statistical hypothesis tests, which are then validated empirically via simulation studies. © 2014 Scheffler et al.
A frequency analysis of ten years of surface atmospheric data at ocean weathership ’Papa’
Creators: name: Fissel, D. B.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The standard 3-hourly meteorological observations from Ocean Weather Station "Papa" (50N 145W) for the period 1958 to 196 7 are examined. Power spectra of the wind speed, air pressure, air temperature, absolute humidity, and sea temperature are computed. The wind speed spectra from the open ocean environment are compared with those found at ether ocean, coastal and land stations. The seasonal spectra of these quantities averaged over each of the ten years indicate that the character of the activity changes both with respect to the size and frequency of the variations during the course of the year. Spectra are also computed for U•Ux, U•Uy, U•ΔT and U•Δq which through the bulk transfer formulas are representative of momentum, sensible heat and latent heat fluxes. The rotary power spectrum of the vector wind and vector wind stress show that clockwise rotations of the wind and the wind stress contain more energy than the anti-clockwise rotations. Cross-spectral values are computed between the vector wind and scalar quantities. As well, the cross-spectra between some of the various scalar quantities were examined. The effect of using data commonly available over the oceans on the computation of the bulk fluxes is examined. A comparison of the monthly wind stress and latent heat flux computed from the data organized into the format of the Marine Climatic Atlas with the directly calculated values show good agreement between the two methods, The sensible heat flux deviates more seriously, particularly in months of small fluxes. The effect on computing bulk fluxes from surface weather chart data is examined by computing these fluxes from vector averaged wind data. The use of this data format results in substantial reductions to the wind stress (magnitude reduced to one-half of the directly calculated value for an averaging period of one month). The latent heat flux is reduced by a factor of 0.53 and the sensible heat flux by a factor of 0.62 for the monthly averaging period.
Fast Matrix Multiplication via Compiler-only Layered Data Reorganization and Intrinsic Lowering
Creators: name: Kuzma, Braedy
name: Korostelev, Ivan
name: de Carvalho, João P. L.
name: Moreira, José E.
name: Barton, Christopher
name: Araujo, Guido
name: Amaral, José Nelson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.4

description: The resurgence of machine learning has increased the demand for high-performance basic linear algebra subroutines (BLAS), which have long depended on libraries to achieve peak performance on commodity hardware. High-performance BLAS implementations rely on a layered approach that consists of tiling and packing layers, for data (re)organization, and micro kernels that perform the actual computations. The creation of high-performance micro kernels requires significant development effort to write tailored assembly code for each architecture. This hand optimization task is complicated by the recent introduction of matrix engines by IBM's POWER10 MMA, Intel AMX, and Arm ME to deliver high-performance matrix operations. This paper presents a compiler-only alternative to the use of high-performance libraries by incorporating, to the best of our knowledge and for the first time, the automatic generation of the layered approach into LLVM, a production compiler. Modular design of the algorithm, such as the use of LLVM's matrix-multiply intrinsic for a clear interface between the tiling and packing layers and the micro kernel, makes it easy to retarget the code generation to multiple accelerators. The use of intrinsics enables a comprehensive performance study. In processors without hardware matrix engines, the tiling and packing delivers performance up to 22x (Intel), for small matrices, and more than 6x (POWER9), for large matrices, faster than PLuTo, a widely used polyhedral optimizer. The performance also approaches high-performance libraries and is only 34% slower than OpenBLAS and on-par with Eigen for large matrices. With MMA in POWER10 this solution is, for large matrices, over 2.6x faster than the vector-extension solution, matches Eigen performance, and achieves up to 96% of BLAS peak performance.
COLDz: Probing Cosmic Star Formation With Radio Free-free Emission
Creators: name: Algera, Hiddo S. B.
name: Hodge, Jacqueline A.
name: Riechers, Dominik A.
name: Leslie, Sarah K.
name: Smail, Ian
name: Aravena, Manuel
name: da Cunha, Elisabete
name: Daddi, Emanuele
name: Decarli, Roberto
name: Dickinson, Mark
name: Gim, Hansung B.
name: Guaita, Lucia
name: Magnelli, Benjamin
name: Murphy, Eric J.
name: Pavesi, Riccardo
name: Sargent, Mark T.
name: Sharon, Chelsea E.
name: Wagg, Jeff
name: Walter, Fabian
name: Yun, Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radio free-free emission is considered to be one of the most reliable tracers of star formation in galaxies. However, as it constitutes the faintest part of the radio spectrum -- being roughly an order of magnitude less luminous than radio synchrotron emission at the GHz frequencies typically targeted in radio surveys -- the usage of free-free emission as a star formation rate tracer has mostly remained limited to the local Universe. Here we perform a multi-frequency radio stacking analysis using deep Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array observations at 1.4, 3, 5, 10 and 34 GHz in the COSMOS and GOODS-North fields to probe free-free emission in typical galaxies at the peak of cosmic star formation. We find that $z \sim 0.5 - 3$ star-forming galaxies exhibit radio emission at rest-frame frequencies of $\sim 65 - 90$ GHz that is $\sim 1.5 - 2\times$ fainter than would be expected from a simple combination of free-free and synchrotron emission, as in the prototypical starburst galaxy M82. We interpret this as a deficit in high-frequency synchrotron emission, while the level of free-free emission is as expected from M82. We additionally provide the first constraints on the cosmic star formation history using free-free emission at $0.5 \lesssim z \lesssim 3$, which are in good agreement with more established tracers at high redshift. In the future, deep multi-frequency radio surveys will be crucial in order to accurately determine the shape of the radio spectrum of faint star-forming galaxies, and to further establish radio free-free emission as a tracer of high-redshift star formation.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ; 22 pages + appendices, 11 figures in main text
Multi-behavior Self-supervised Learning for Recommendation
Creators: name: Xu, Jingcao
name: Wang, Chaokun
name: Wu, Cheng
name: Song, Yang
name: Zheng, Kai
name: Wang, Xiaowei
name: Wang, Changping
name: Zhou, Guorui
name: Gai, Kun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Modern recommender systems often deal with a variety of user interactions, e.g., click, forward, purchase, etc., which requires the underlying recommender engines to fully understand and leverage multi-behavior data from users. Despite recent efforts towards making use of heterogeneous data, multi-behavior recommendation still faces great challenges. Firstly, sparse target signals and noisy auxiliary interactions remain an issue. Secondly, existing methods utilizing self-supervised learning (SSL) to tackle the data sparsity neglect the serious optimization imbalance between the SSL task and the target task. Hence, we propose a Multi-Behavior Self-Supervised Learning (MBSSL) framework together with an adaptive optimization method. Specifically, we devise a behavior-aware graph neural network incorporating the self-attention mechanism to capture behavior multiplicity and dependencies. To increase the robustness to data sparsity under the target behavior and noisy interactions from auxiliary behaviors, we propose a novel self-supervised learning paradigm to conduct node self-discrimination at both inter-behavior and intra-behavior levels. In addition, we develop a customized optimization strategy through hybrid manipulation on gradients to adaptively balance the self-supervised learning task and the main supervised recommendation task. Extensive experiments on five real-world datasets demonstrate the consistent improvements obtained by MBSSL over ten state-of-the art (SOTA) baselines. We release our model implementation at: https://github.com/Scofield666/MBSSL.git.
description: SIGIR 2023
Measuring HIV stigma at the family level: Psychometric assessment of the Chinese Courtesy Stigma Scales (CCSSs)
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Adult
China
Cross-Sectional Studies
Factor Analysis, Statistical
Family
Female
HIV Infections
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Psychometrics
Reproducibility of Results
Risk Factors
Social Stigma
Stereotyping
Surveys and Questionnaires
Young Adult

description: Courtesy stigma is the stigmatization a person perceives or experiences due to their association with a stigmatized individual or group. Most HIV-related stigma scales have been developed for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHAs), but not for their HIV-uninfected family members. To date, few measurement scales have been designed to measure the degree of stigma among both PLWHAs and their HIV-uninfected family members at the family level. We developed a set of courtesy stigma scales and estimated their reliability and validity from 256 PLWHAs and 256 of their HIV-uninfected family members. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed in two independent samples: a development sample (N = 216) and a validation sample (N = 296), respectively. Two factors ("public stigma" and "self-perceived stigma") had high internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's alpha coefficient between 0.83-0.90) and good construct validity (standardized factor loading range: 0.37-0.95) in both samples. These findings document that the newly developed brief instrument is a psychometrically sound measure of HIV-related stigma among both PLWHAs and their HIV-uninfected family members. © 2014 Liu et al.