cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Criticality in spreading processes without time-scale separation and the critical brain hypothesis
Creators: name: Korchinski, Daniel J.
name: Orlandi, Javier G.
name: Son, Seung-Woo
name: Davidsen, Jörn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spreading processes on networks are ubiquitous in both human-made and natural systems. Understanding their behavior is of broad interest; from the control of epidemics to understanding brain dynamics. While in some cases there exists a clear separation of time scales between the propagation of a single spreading cascade and the initiation of the next -- such that spreading can be modelled as directed percolation or a branching process -- there are also processes for which this is not the case, such as zoonotic diseases or spiking cascades in neural networks. For a large class of relevant network topologies, we show here that in such a scenario the nature of the overall spreading fundamentally changes. This change manifests itself in a transition between different universality classes of critical spreading, which determines the onset and the properties of an avalanche turning epidemic or neural activity turning epileptic, for example. We present analytical results in the mean-field limit giving the critical line along which scale-free spreading behaviour can be observed. The two limits of this critical line correspond to the universality classes of directed and undirected percolation, respectively. Outside these two limits, this duality manifests itself in the appearance of critical exponents from the universality classes of both directed and undirected percolation. We find that the transition between these exponents is governed by a competition between merging and propagation of activity, and identify an appropriate scaling relationship for the transition point. Finally, we show that commonly used measures, such as the branching ratio and dynamic susceptibility, fail to establish criticality in the absence of time-scale separation calling for a reanalysis of criticality in the brain.
description: 25 pages, 17 figures, 3 tables. Update with substantial re-write to introduction and discussion, minor tweaks throughout
Additional file 1 of Correlation between schistosomiasis and CD8+ T cell and stromal PD-L1 as well as the different prognostic role of CD8+ T cell and PD-L1 in schistosomal-associated colorectal cancer and non-schistosomal-associated colorectal cancer
Creators: name: Wang, Weixia
name: Jing, Hongyan
name: Liu, Jican
name: Bu, Dacheng
name: Zhang, Yingyi
name: Zhu, Ting
name: Lu, Kui
name: Xu, Yanchao
name: Cheng, Meihong
name: Liu, Jing
name: Yao, Junxia
name: Huang, Sinian
name: Wang, Limei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Sup Fig. 1. Typical sample of schistosomiasis-associated colorectal cancer, the red arrows indicate schistosome ova (HE, ×100). Sup Fig. 2. Determination of cut-off values of CD8 density of TMAs and survival analyses. X-tile analysis of OS was performed using patients’ data collected from the pathological system of the Qingpu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The optimal cut-off values highlighted by the black circles in left panels are shown in histograms of the entire cohort (middle panels), and Kaplan-Meier plots are displayed in right panels. . The optimum cutoff value of CD8+T cell density were determined by X-tile program, which were 279 (χ2 = 15.538, p = 0.0029) cell/mm2. CD8low group was defined as CD8+ T cells density < 279, and CD8high group was defined as CD8+ T cells density≥ 279 cell/mm2.
Wigner Functions for a Class of Semidirect Product Groups
Creators: name: Krasowska, A. E.
name: Ali, S. Twareque
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42C40; 81S30; 22E70

description: Following a general method proposed earlier, we construct here Wigner functions defined on coadjoint orbits of a class of semidirect product groups. The groups in question are such that their unitary duals consist purely of representations from the discrete series and each unitary irreducible representation is associated with a coadjoint orbit. The set of all coadjoint orbits (hence UIRs) is finite and their union is dense in the dual of the Lie algebra. The simple structure of the groups and the orbits enables us to compute the various quantities appearing in the definition of the Wigner function explicitly. Possible use of the Wigner functions so constructed, in image analysis and quantum optical measurements, is suggested.
description: 40 pages
Optimal Estimation of Bacterial Growth Rates Based on Permuted Monotone Matrix
Creators: name: Ma, Rong
name: Cai, T. Tony
name: Li, Hongzhe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Motivated by the problem of estimating the bacterial growth rates for genome assemblies from shotgun metagenomic data, we consider the permuted monotone matrix model $Y=ΘΠ+Z$, where $Y\in \mathbb{R}^{n\times p}$ is observed, $Θ\in \mathbb{R}^{n\times p}$ is an unknown approximately rank-one signal matrix with monotone rows, $Π\in \mathbb{R}^{p\times p}$ is an unknown permutation matrix, and $Z\in \mathbb{R}^{n\times p}$ is the noise matrix. This paper studies the estimation of the extreme values associated to the signal matrix $Θ$, including its first and last columns, as well as their difference. Treating these estimation problems as compound decision problems, minimax rate-optimal estimators are constructed using the spectral column sorting method. Numerical experiments through simulated and synthetic microbiome metagenomic data are presented, showing the superiority of the proposed methods over the alternatives. The methods are illustrated by comparing the growth rates of gut bacteria between inflammatory bowel disease patients and normal controls.
Additional file 2 of Double arterial cannulation versus right axillary artery cannulation for acute type A aortic dissection: a retrospective study
Creators: name: Zhang, He
name: Xie, Wei
name: Lu, Yuzhou
name: Pan, Tuo
name: Zhou, Qing
name: Xue, Yunxing
name: Wang, Dongjin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Table E1. Demographic characteristics and operative information for patients who underwent TAR and SET.
Azana Walker 1856
Creators: name: Kerr, Peter H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Mycetophilidae
Azana

description: Azana Walker
 Azana Walker 1856:26
 Type species. Azana scatopsoides Walker 1856: 26, by monotypy (= Azana anomala Staeger 1840).
 Diagnosis. Three ocelli (except two in A. atlantica), antennae with 14 cylindrical flagellomeres, maxillary palpus 1-, 4-, or 5-segmented. Thorax arched, anepisternum setose on upper half or bare, laterotergite and mediotergite with setae, tibial spurs 1:2:2. Wing membrane usually with micro- and macrotrichia; costa produced beyond tip of R 5; subcosta usually short, ending free; r-m long, arising near base of wing; M obsolete at its base and apparently unbranched; Cu unbranched or branched with CuA 1 obsolete at its base and visible near wing margin.
description: Published as part of Kerr, Peter H., 2010, New Azana species from Western North America (Diptera: Mycetophilidae), pp. 1-14 in Zootaxa 2397 (1) on page 2, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2397.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5309969
Additional file 2 of Post-stroke fatigue: an exploratory study with patients and health professionals to develop a patient-reported outcome measure
Creators: name: Skogestad, Ingrid Johansen
name: Kirkevold, Marit
name: Larsson, Petra
name: Borge, Christine Råheim
name: Indredavik, Bent
name: Gay, Caryl L.
name: Anners Lerdal
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2 : Online resource 2. Research questions and interview guides for individual interviews and focus groups.
Performance measurement systems - a promising approach for the management of larger forest organizations?
Creators: name: Hartebrodt, C.
name: Herbohn, K.
name: Herbohn, J.
name: Hartebrodt, C.
name: Herbohn, K.
name: Herbohn, J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: performance measurement systems
subject: forest management
subject: multidimensionality
subject: strategy implementation.

description: Performance Measurement Systems (PMS) have become popular over the past two decades. Especially since the mid 1990s there has been a notable increase of organizations using these kinds of management tools. The benefits of PMS are widely accepted in the industrial sector, but there have been ambiguous experiences in the public sector. One of the first implementations in the European forest sector took place in 2000, with the introduction of a PMS system by the Forest Administration of Baden-Württemberg (Germany; BW). This paper reports experiences from the implementation of the system. A questionnaire was developed, based on previous research in the United States, and used to collect information about implementation experiences. Evaluation theory is used as methodological framework; PMS theory provides relevant criteria for the appraisal of the success of these methods. The paper presents the key results of the survey related to nine criteria. The level of acceptance and use of the systems meet international standards. There is a relevant capability to increase the commitment to the strategy and improve the performance of the whole organization. The operationalisation of targets is one key success factor. On the other hand, it is obvious that the implementation of PMS requires a tremendous input of financial and staff resources. There is a significant risk of failure with the multidimensional use. In addition, the derivation of relevant valid indicators for ‘soft factors’ outside the financial and physical sphere of a forest organization is crucial. It is concluded that PMS is a feasible approach for forest enterprises and administrations. However, its implementation requires a detailed analysis of the organizational and administrational framework. These factors are discussed and highlighted in the form of seven core findings.
Supplementary Figures and Tables from Contributions of lunate cells and wax crystals to the surface anisotropy of Nepenthes slippery zone.
Creators: name: Wang, Lixin
name: Tao, Dashuai
name: Dong, Shiyun
name: Li, Shanshan
name: Tian, Yu
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018

description: Nepenthes slippery zone presents surface anisotropy depending on its specialized structures. Herein, via macro–micro–nano scaled experiments, we analysed the contributions of lunate cells and wax crystals to this anisotropy. Macroscopic climbing of insects showed large displacements (triple body length within 3 s) and high velocities (6.16–20.47 mm s−1) in the inverted-fixed (towards digestive zone) slippery zone, but failed to climb forward in the normal-fixed (towards peristome) one. Friction force of insect claws sliding across inverted-fixed lunate cells was about 2.4 times of that sliding across the normal-fixed ones, whereas showed unobvious differences (1.06–1.11 times) between the inverted- and normal-fixed wax crystals. Innovative results from atomic force microscope scanning and microstructure examination demonstrated the upper layer of wax crystals causes the cantilever tip to generate rather small differences in friction data (1.92–2.72%), and the beneath layer provides slightly higher differences (4.96–7.91%). The study confirms the anisotropic configuration of lunate cells produces most of the anisotropy, whereas both surface topography and structural features of the wax crystals generate a slight contribution. These results are helpful for understanding the surface anisotropy of Nepenthes slippery zone, and guide the design of bioinspired surface with anisotropic properties.
Acidogona melanura
Creators: name: Norrbom, Allen L.
name: Sutton, Bruce D.
name: Steck, Gary J.
name: Monzón, José
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tephritidae
Acidogona
Acidogona melanura

description: Acidogona melanura (Loew)
 Distribution. The following are new records or indicate the basis for some of the distribution points on map 1 of Foote et al. (1993) or the range listed for this species by Norrbom et al. (1999). The records from Alabama and Oklahoma extended the known distribution of this species considerably westward. Those from Georgia and New York are the first records from those states. The locality in Quebec (the site of Frank McAlpine’s cottage) is north of Ottawa (Jeff Cumming, pers. comm.), not opposite James Bay as indicated on the Foote et al. map, thus this species is not known to occur so far to the north as is indicated on the map. The outlying distribution points for Euaresta bella (Loew) (map 14), Jamesomyia geminata (Loew) (map 31), and Paramyiolia nigricornis (Doane) (map 32) are also based on misplotted dots for this locality.
 A single very teneral male from Chihuahua (AMNH collection), the only specimen of Acidogona known from northern Mexico, is similar to A. melanura, but its identity remains uncertain.
 Material examined. CANADA: Quebec: Duncan Lake, nr. Rupert [45°41'N 75°59'W], 1 Aug 1969, J. F. McAlpine, 1♀ (CNC). UNITED STATES: Alabama: Mobile Co., Kushla, 7–19 Oct 1922, A. H. Sturtevant, 1♀ (USNM USNMENT00212920). Georgia: Midway, 14 Jun 1954, D. L. Haynes, 1♀ (USNM USNMENT00212923). New York: Long Island, Cold Spring Harbor, 14 Jul 1927, A. L. Melander, 1♀ (USNM USNMENT00212919). Oklahoma: Latimer Co., [unspecified locality], Jun 1986, K. Stephan, 1♀ (FSCA USNMENT00212922); same, Jun 1987, 1♀ (FSCA USNMENT00212921).
description: Published as part of Norrbom, Allen L., Sutton, Bruce D., Steck, Gary J. & Monzón, José, 2010, New genera, species and host plant records of Nearctic and Neotropical Tephritidae (Diptera) 2398, pp. 1-65 in Zootaxa 2398 on page 6
Additional file 1 of IFN-λ4 genetic variants influence clinical malaria episodes in a cohort of Kenyan children
Creators: name: Samayoa-Reyes, Gabriela
name: Jackson, Conner
name: Ogolla, Sidney
name: Sabourin, Katherine
name: Adeola Obajemu
name: Dent, Arlene E.
name: Prokunina-Olsson, Ludmilla
name: Rochford, Rosemary
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Representative allelic discrimination plot for genotyping of IFNL4-rs368234815 polymorphism by custom TaqMan genotyping assay. A clear separation of the homozygotes is shown, heterozygotes on the other hand show presence of both alleles, with different expression levels between samples. HapMan controls are shown in duplicate, inside boxes, and five randomly selected study subjects gDNA samples are also included.
A Study of the Learnability of Relational Properties: Model Counting Meets Machine Learning (MCML)
Creators: name: Usman, Muhammad
name: Wang, Wenxi
name: Wang, Kaiyuan
name: Vasic, Marko
name: Vikalo, Haris
name: Khurshid, Sarfraz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper introduces the MCML approach for empirically studying the learnability of relational properties that can be expressed in the well-known software design language Alloy. A key novelty of MCML is quantification of the performance of and semantic differences among trained machine learning (ML) models, specifically decision trees, with respect to entire (bounded) input spaces, and not just for given training and test datasets (as is the common practice). MCML reduces the quantification problems to the classic complexity theory problem of model counting, and employs state-of-the-art model counters. The results show that relatively simple ML models can achieve surprisingly high performance (accuracy and F1-score) when evaluated in the common setting of using training and test datasets - even when the training dataset is much smaller than the test dataset - indicating the seeming simplicity of learning relational properties. However, MCML metrics based on model counting show that the performance can degrade substantially when tested against the entire (bounded) input space, indicating the high complexity of precisely learning these properties, and the usefulness of model counting in quantifying the true performance.
Collective initiatives on improving work environment in Swedish mechanised forestry – A case of institutional entrepreneurship and change
Creators: name: Hultaker, Oscar
name: Hultaker, Oscar
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: ergonomics
subject: forest machine operators
subject: innovation system
subject: musculo-skeletal overload syndromes
subject: organisation theory

description: In 1992 the Swedish Work Environment Authority (SWEA) considered actions limiting the permitted working hours in forest machine operation. As the forest harvesting industry collectively took initiatives aiming at improving the work environment, SWEA agreed to postpone their actions during two years. The forest industry corporations, the forest machine contractors’ association, the trade unions, SWEA, and researchers acted together to manage improving activities. After the two years respite, the Work Environment Authority only issued recommendations. The industry actors did not agree on how to continue; hence the initiatives were closed down. Evaluations have shown that several problems still remain. No more comprehensive collective action has been taken against the work environment and occupational health problems in the industry. However, when discussing issues of work environment and occupational health with mechanised forest harvesting contractors and forest machine operators, they still often refer to the initiatives in the middle of the 90’ies. At least the initiatives were successful in raising the awareness among contractors and operators. My aim in this paper is to discuss why the collective initiatives succeeded in raising the awareness among mechanised forest harvesting contractors and machine operators. I do that by analysing documents on the initiatives together with new qualitative interviews with the most central actors who worked on them. I show how the threat of working time regulation caused a shock in the organisational field which made opportunities for collective action aiming at institutional change. The shock caused by the governmental authorities de-stabilised the organisational field and opened it up for changed norms and rules. Once new norms and rules had been established, the field was stabilised and re-institutionalised. The results show how the acting of institutional entrepreneurs may have long term and unforeseen impact in changing the norms and perceptions of other actors in the field as well as for policy.
MOESM1 of Validation and reproducibility of a new iodine specific food frequency questionnaire for assessing iodine intake in Norwegian pregnant women
Creators: name: Næss, Synnøve
name: Aakre, Inger
name: Kjellevold, Marian
name: Dahl, Lisbeth
name: Ive Nerhus
name: Midtbø, Lisa
name: Markhus, Maria
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Overview of methods used in validation of the I-FFQ in Norwegian pregnant women. Table S1. Number of food items specified in the I-FFQ and the food diary, and number of frequency alternatives in the I-FFQ.
Faster Parametric Shortest Path and Minimum Balance Algorithms
Creators: name: Young, Neal
name: Tarjan, Robert
name: Orlin, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.2.2; G.2.2; G.1.6

description: The parametric shortest path problem is to find the shortest paths in graph where the edge costs are of the form w_ij+lambda where each w_ij is constant and lambda is a parameter that varies. The problem is to find shortest path trees for every possible value of lambda. The minimum-balance problem is to find a ``weighting'' of the vertices so that adjusting the edge costs by the vertex weights yields a graph in which, for every cut, the minimum weight of any edge crossing the cut in one direction equals the minimum weight of any edge crossing the cut in the other direction. The paper presents fast algorithms for both problems. The algorithms run in O(nm+n^2 log n) time. The paper also describes empirical studies of the algorithms on random graphs, suggesting that the expected time for finding a minimum-mean cycle (an important special case of both problems) is O(n log(n) + m).
MOESM4 of Radio-detoxified LPS alters bone marrow-derived extracellular vesicles and endothelial progenitor cells
Creators: name: Hargita Hegyesi
name: Sándor, Nikolett
name: Sáfrány, Géza
name: Lovas, Virág
name: Kovács, Árpád
name: Takács, Angéla
name: Kőhidai, László
name: Turiák, Lilla
name: Kittel, Ágnes
name: Pálóczi, Krisztina
name: Bertók, Lóránd
name: Buzás, Edit
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4. RD-LPS stimulates uptake of Dil-ac-LDL by EPCs. The representative images show the DiI-ac-LDL uptake.
Associated production of neutral toppion with a pair of heavy quarks in $γγ$ collisions
Creators: name: Wang, Xuelei
name: Li, Bingzhong
name: Yang, Yueling
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied a neutral toppion production process $γγ\to f\bar{f}Π_{t}^{0}(f=t,b)$ in the topcolor-assisted technicolor(TC2) model. We find that the cross section of $γγ\to t\bar{t}Π_{t}^{0}$ is much larger than that of $γγ\to b\bar{b}Π_{t}^{0}$. On the other hand, the cross section can be obviously enhanced with the increasing of c.m.energy. With $\sqrt{s}=1600$ GeV, the cross section of $t\bar{t}Π_t^0$ production can reach the level of a few fb. The results show that $γγ\to t\bar{t}Π^0_t \to t\bar{t}(t\bar{c})$ is the most ideal channel to detect neutral toppion due to the clean SM background. With such sufficient signals and clean background, neutral toppion could be detected at TESLA with high c.m.energy.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Forest owners' divestment and investment strategies
Creators: name: Hyytiainen, Kari
name: Penttinen, Markku
name: Hyytiainen, Kari
name: Penttinen, Markku
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: clearcutting
subject: efficient frontier
subject: forest management planning
subject: portfolio optimisation
subject: risk-neutral

description: Forest owners' optimal harvesting and investment strategies are studied at the forest holding level by including individual forest stands in an asset class portfolio. The forest owner has an option either to clearcut the mature stands and to invest the capital in financial or real asset classes (bank deposits, government bonds, stocks, apartments) or to postpone clearcutting and retain capital in standing trees. Forest inventory data, simulation-optimisation programme Mela and statistics of timber prices are utilised to compute the return series for forest stands. Numerical results show that the optimum level of clearcutting decreases markedly with initial non-forest wealth, particular at low risk-free rates of interest. This suggests that it is rational for non-industrial private forest owners to employ shorter rotations than institutional investors that possess diversified portfolios. Increasing the variety of stand structures by planting different species is not likely to bring substantial benefits due to the correlation between returns from forest stands. The value growth of forest stands can be used to estimate annual returns only for those stands that are soon to be mature. An alternative method for computing the returns for stands at any development phase is proposed based on the net present value of the stand adjusted with fluctuations in forest land prices. This method applies to cases where selling forest stands in the forest land market is considered as an option. Even if selling is not an option, the ratio of maximised net present value to value at immediate harvest can be used as a 'maturity index' for ranking the stands for portfolio optimisation.
Solar Neutrinos Before and After KamLAND
Creators: name: Bahcall, John N.
name: Gonzalez-Garcia, M. C.
name: Pena-Garay, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the recently reported KamLAND measurements on oscillations of reactor anti-neutrinos, together with the data of previously reported solar neutrino experiments, to show that: (1) the total 8B neutrino flux emitted by the Sun is 1.00(1.0 \pm 0.06) of the standard solar model (BP00) predicted flux, (2) the KamLAND measurements reduce the area of the globally allowed oscillation regions that must be explored in model fitting by six orders of magnitude in the Delta m^2-tan^2 theta plane, (3) LMA is now the unique oscillation solution to a CL of 4.7sigma, (4) maximal mixing is disfavored at 3.1 sigma, (5) active-sterile admixtures are constrained to sin^2 eta<0.13 at 1 sigma, (6) the observed ^8B flux that is in the form of sterile neutrinos is 0.00^{+0.09}_{-0.00} (1 sigma), of the standard solar model (BP00) predicted flux, and (7) non-standard solar models that were invented to completely avoid solar neutrino oscillations are excluded by KamLAND plus solar at 7.9 sigma . We also refine quantitative predictions for future 7Be and p-p solar neutrino experiments.
description: Published version, includes editorial improvements
Orienting Graphs to Optimize Reachability
Creators: name: Hakimi, S. L.
name: Schmeichel, E.
name: Young, Neal E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.2.2; G.2.2

description: The paper focuses on two problems: (i) how to orient the edges of an undirected graph in order to maximize the number of ordered vertex pairs (x,y) such that there is a directed path from x to y, and (ii) how to orient the edges so as to minimize the number of such pairs. The paper describes a quadratic-time algorithm for the first problem, and a proof that the second problem is NP-hard to approximate within some constant 1+epsilon > 1. The latter proof also shows that the second problem is equivalent to ``comparability graph completion''; neither problem was previously known to be NP-hard.
title: Ð£ÑÑÑÐ¾Ð¹ÑÑÐ²Ð¾ Ð°Ð²ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð¾Ð±Ð¸Ð»Ñ ÐÐÐÐÐ-5350 (Ð°Ð»ÑÐ±Ð¾Ð¼ ÑÑ ÐµÐ¼ Ð¸ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ½ÐºÐ¾Ð²)
title: ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ðµ
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: ÐÐ¸ÐºÐ¾Ð»Ð°Ð¹Ð½ÐµÐ½, ÐÐ¸ÐºÑÐ¾Ñ
name: ÐÐ°ÑÑÑÐ¸Ð½, ÐÐ»ÑÑ
name: Ð¡Ð°ÐºÐ°ÐµÐ², ÐÐ»ÐµÐ³
name: Ð¢Ð°ÑÐ°Ð±Ð°ÐºÐ¸Ð½, ÐÐ½Ð´ÑÐµÐ¹
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2024
Subjects: ÐÐ²ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð¾Ð±Ð¸Ð»Ð¸ Ð³ÑÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²ÑÐµ

description: Ð ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð½Ð¾Ð¼ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½ÑÐµ Ð²Ð½ÐµÑÐ½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐ»ÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½ÑÑ Ð°Ð³ÑÐµÐ³Ð°ÑÐ¾Ð², Ð¼ÐµÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ð·Ð¼Ð¾Ð² Ð¸ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼ Ð°Ð²ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð¾Ð±Ð¸Ð»Ñ ÐÐÐÐÐ-5350 Ð¿Ð¾ ÐºÑÑÑÑ Â«ÐÐ²ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð¾Ð±Ð¸Ð»ÐµÑÑÑÐ¾ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¸ Ð°Ð²ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÐ²Ð¸ÑÂ», Ð¸Ð·Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÐµ Ð² ÑÐ¾Ð¾ÑÐ²ÐµÑÑÑÐ²Ð¸Ð¸ Ñ Ð´ÐµÐ¹ÑÑÐ²ÑÑÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð¸ Ð² Ð¡ÐÐ±ÐÐ£ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð·Ð¾Ð²Ð°ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½ÑÐ¼Ð¸ ÑÑÐ°Ð½Ð´Ð°ÑÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¸. Ð£ÑÐµÐ±Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ðµ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÑÐµÑ ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð¾ÑÐ½ÑÐ¹ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð» Ð¿ÑÐ¸ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐµ Ñ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐµÑÐ½ÑÐ¼Ð¸ Ð·Ð°Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð¸ÑÐ¼Ð¸, ÐºÑÑÑÐ¾Ð²ÑÐ¼Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¸, Ð»Ð°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ°ÑÐ¾ÑÐ½ÑÐ¼Ð¸ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¸, Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð³Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐºÐµ Ðº ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÑÐ¾Ð»ÑÐ½ÑÐ¼ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ°Ð¼, Ð·Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ°Ð¼ Ð¸ ÑÐºÐ·Ð°Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ð°Ð¼.
Simple Myths and Basic Maths about Greening Irrigation
Creators: name: Gómez, Carlos M.
name: Pérez-Blanco, C. Dionisio
name: Gómez, Carlos M.
name: Pérez-Blanco, C. Dionisio
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Jevons' Paradox
subject: Rebound Effect
subject: Agricultural Economics
subject: Water Economics
subject: Irrigation Efficiency

description: Greening the economy is mostly about improving water governance and not only about putting the existing resource saving technical alternatives into practice. Focusing on the second and forgetting the first risks finishing with a highly efficient use of water services at the level of each individual user but with an unsustainable amount of water use for the entire economy. This might be happening already in many places with the modernization of irrigated agriculture, the world’s largest water user and the one offering the most promising water saving opportunities. In spite of high expectations, modern irrigation techniques seem not to be contributing to reduce water scarcity and increase drought resiliency. In fact, according to the little evidence available, in some areas they are resulting in higher water use. Building on basic economic principles this study aims to show the conditions under which this apparently paradoxical outcome, known as the Jevons’ Paradox, might appear. This basic model is expected to serve as guidance for assessing the actual outcomes of increasing irrigation efficiency and to discuss the changes in water governance that would be required for this to make a real contribution to sustainable water management.
Additional file 1 of Survival time among patients who were diagnosed with tuberculosis, the precocious deaths and associated factors in southern Brazil
Creators: name: Santos, Danielle Talita Dos
name: Luiz Henrique Arroyo
name: Alves, Yan Mathias
name: Alves, Luana Seles
name: Thais Zamboni Berra
name: De Almeida Crispim, Juliane
name: Josilene Dália Alves
name: Denisse Andrea Cartagena Ramos
name: Alonso, Jonas Bodini
name: Ivaneliza Simionato De Assis
name: Antônio Vieira Ramos
name: Dessunti, Elma Mathias
name: Pinto, Ione Carvalho
name: Palha, Pedro Fredemir
name: Arcêncio, Ricardo Alexandre
name: Nunes, Carla
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table 1. Likelihood ratio test and interaction between the variables for analyzing associated factors with precocious deaths, Curitiba - Brazil.
R-matrix Floquet theory for laser-assisted electron-atom scattering
Creators: name: Terao-Dunseath, Mariko
name: Dunseath, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new version of the R-matrix Floquet theory for laser-assisted electron-atom scattering is presented. The theory is non-perturbative and applicable to a non-relativistic many-electron atom or ion in a homogeneous linearly polarized field. It is based on the use of channel functions built from field-dressed target states, which greatly simplifies the general formalism.
description: 18 pages, LaTeX2e, submitted to J.Phys. B
Policy Briefing 3. Dialogue, Argumentation, and Creative Practices as Tools in Cultural Literacy Learning in Europe
Creators: name: Mäkinen, Katja
name: Lähdesmäki, Tuuli
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: dialogue, argumentation, cultural literacy, creative practice

description: One of the greatest challenges in today’s European societies is the polarization of societal groups and opinions. Attempts to tackle this challenge need to start from children and young people. Cultural literacy learning is a key to advance tolerant, empathetic, and inclusive attitudes towards diversity and differences.It is important that the EU strengthens its current education initiatives and policies and creates new ones emphasizing cultural literacy learning based ondialogue and argumentation as core skills for participating in a pluralistic society. These initiatives and policies should recognize creative practices asan effective arena for teaching empathy.The EU’s education policies and initiatives could better acknowledge young children and early education.
Dirac neutrinos in a $SU(2)$ left-right symmetric model
Creators: name: Chavez, Henry Diaz
name: Pleitez, V.
name: Ravinez, O. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a left-right symmetric model, with the scalar sector consisting of several bi-doublets and two doublets, neutrinos remain as Dirac fermions in all order in perturbation theory. Although with only two bi-doublets the neutrino masses need still a fine tuning, this is not the case when a third bi-doublet is added. One of the scalar doublet may be of the inert type since it is protected by the left-right symmetry.
description: 27 pages, no figures
Improved Analysis of Spectral Algorithm for Clustering
Creators: name: Mizutani, Tomohiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Spectral algorithms are graph partitioning algorithms that partition a node set of a graph into groups by using a spectral embedding map. Clustering techniques based on the algorithms are referred to as spectral clustering and are widely used in data analysis. To gain a better understanding of why spectral clustering is successful, Peng et al. (2015) and Kolev and Mehlhorn (2016) studied the behavior of a certain type of spectral algorithm for a class of graphs, called well-clustered graphs. Specifically, they put an assumption on graphs and showed the performance guarantee of the spectral algorithm under it. The algorithm they studied used the spectral embedding map developed by Shi and Malic (2000). In this paper, we improve on their results, giving a better performance guarantee under a weaker assumption. We also evaluate the performance of the spectral algorithm with the spectral embedding map developed by Ng et al. (2001).
description: 20 pages. Revised Theorem 4
European Natural Gas Seasonal Effects on Futures Hedging
Creators: name: Martínez, Beatriz
name: Torró, Hipòlit
name: Martínez, Beatriz
name: Torró, Hipòlit
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Natural Gas Market
subject: Futures
subject: Hedging Ratio
subject: Natural Gas Price Risk

description: This paper is the first to discuss the design of futures hedging strategies in European natural gas markets (NBP, TTF and Zeebrugge). A common feature of energy prices is that conditional mean and volatility are driven by seasonal trends due to weather, demand, and storage level seasonalities. This paper follows and extends the Ederington and Salas (2008) framework and considers seasonalities in mean and volatility when minimum variance hedge ratios are computed. Our results show that hedging effectiveness is much higher when the seasonal pattern in spot price changes is approximated with lagged values of the basis (futures price minus spot price). This fact remain true for short (a week) and long (one, three and six months) hedging periods. Furthermore, volatility of weekly price changes also has a seasonal pattern and is higher in winter than in summer. A simple volatility seasonal model that is based on sinusoidal functions on the basis improves the risk reduction obtained by strategies in which hedging ratios are estimated with linear regressions. Seasonal hedging strategies, linear regression based strategies, or even a naïve position, perform better than more sophisticated statistical methods.
Low-Degree Spanning Trees of Small Weight
Creators: name: Khuller, Samir
name: Raghavachari, Balaji
name: Young, Neal E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.2.2; G.2.2

description: The degree-d spanning tree problem asks for a minimum-weight spanning tree in which the degree of each vertex is at most d. When d=2 the problem is TSP, and in this case, the well-known Christofides algorithm provides a 1.5-approximation algorithm (assuming the edge weights satisfy the triangle inequality). In 1984, Christos Papadimitriou and Umesh Vazirani posed the challenge of finding an algorithm with performance guarantee less than 2 for Euclidean graphs (points in R^n) and d > 2. This paper gives the first answer to that challenge, presenting an algorithm to compute a degree-3 spanning tree of cost at most 5/3 times the MST. For points in the plane, the ratio improves to 3/2 and the algorithm can also find a degree-4 spanning tree of cost at most 5/4 times the MST.
description: conference version in Symposium on Theory of Computing (1994)
Dracontomyia footei Aczel
Creators: name: Norrbom, Allen L.
name: Sutton, Bruce D.
name: Steck, Gary J.
name: Monzón, José
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tephritidae
Dracontomyia
Dracontomyia footei

description: Dracontomyia footei Aczél
 Distribution. Ecuador and Peru. Data for the record from Ecuador reported by Norrbom et al. (1999) and additional records are listed below.
 Biology. A pair of specimens determined by Aczél in the IML collection were reared from stem galls on Baccharis salicifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers. (= B. lanceolata Kunth) by W. K. Weyrauch in Peru.
 Material examined. ECUADOR: Loja: Loja, 2500 m, 23–25 Mar 1965, L. E. Peña, 2♂ (CNC USNMENT00214254), 1♂ (USNM USNMENT00214255). PERU: Cascas, 1200 m, Weyrauch, 1♂ (IML); Elma, P. Aguilar, ♂ holotype, ♀ allotype (USNM), 1♂ 1♀ paratypes (IML). Cajamarca: Ajipampa, El Caota Mt., 1800 m, trap with hydrolyzed protein, 17 Jan 1968, P. G. Casanova C., 1♀ (USNM USNMENT00053779). Lima: Chosica, 15 km NE of, 500 m, 14 Sep 1954, E. I. Schlinger & E. S. Ross, 1♂ (CAS USNMENT00214404); Cumbe, 1800 m, ex McPhail trap, 15 May 2001, W. Zegarra, 1♀ (USNM USNMENT00213643); Lima, “Aus Stenelgallen von Baccharis lanceolata ”, 24 Sep 1951, Weyrauch WKW 7018, 1♂ 1♀ (IML). Lima, Ciudad Universitaria, 70 m, Nov 1970, R. Garcia, 1♂ (MZUSP), 1♂ (USNM USNMENT00214386); Lurin V., 300 m, 28 Nov 1970, J. W. Boyes, 1♂ (CNC), 1♀ (USNM USNMENT00214266).
description: Published as part of Norrbom, Allen L., Sutton, Bruce D., Steck, Gary J. & Monzón, José, 2010, New genera, species and host plant records of Nearctic and Neotropical Tephritidae (Diptera) 2398, pp. 1-65 in Zootaxa 2398 on page 22
Dissipation in equations of motion of scalar fields
Creators: name: Lawrie, Ian D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The methods of non-equilibrium quantum field theory are used to investigate the possibility of representing dissipation in the equation of motion for the expectation value of a scalar field by a friction term, such as is commonly included in phenomenological inflaton equations of motion. A sequence of approximations is exhibited which reduces the non-equilibrium theory to a set of local evolution equations. However, the adiabatic solution to these evolution equations which is needed to obtain a local equation of motion for the expectation value is not well defined; nor, therefore, is the friction coefficient. Thus, a non-equilibrium treatment is essential, even for a system that remains close to thermal equilibrium, and the formalism developed here provides one means of achieving this numerically.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 2 of Survival time among patients who were diagnosed with tuberculosis, the precocious deaths and associated factors in southern Brazil
Creators: name: Santos, Danielle Talita Dos
name: Luiz Henrique Arroyo
name: Alves, Yan Mathias
name: Alves, Luana Seles
name: Thais Zamboni Berra
name: De Almeida Crispim, Juliane
name: Josilene Dália Alves
name: Denisse Andrea Cartagena Ramos
name: Alonso, Jonas Bodini
name: Ivaneliza Simionato De Assis
name: Antônio Vieira Ramos
name: Dessunti, Elma Mathias
name: Pinto, Ione Carvalho
name: Palha, Pedro Fredemir
name: Arcêncio, Ricardo Alexandre
name: Nunes, Carla
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table 2. Results for the test of proportional hazards assumption of the Cox regression model fit, Curitiba - Brazil.
MOESM3 of Radio-detoxified LPS alters bone marrow-derived extracellular vesicles and endothelial progenitor cells
Creators: name: Hargita Hegyesi
name: Sándor, Nikolett
name: Sáfrány, Géza
name: Lovas, Virág
name: Kovács, Árpád
name: Takács, Angéla
name: Kőhidai, László
name: Turiák, Lilla
name: Kittel, Ágnes
name: Pálóczi, Krisztina
name: Bertók, Lóránd
name: Buzás, Edit
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 3. RD-LPS reduces apoptosis of Lin- stem cells. The representative figures show the gating strategies.
Additional file 1 of Utilization of wearable technology to assess gait and mobility post-stroke: a systematic review
Creators: name: Peters, Denise M.
name: O’Brien, Emma S.
name: Kamrud, Kira E.
name: Roberts, Shawn M.
name: Rooney, Talia A.
name: Thibodeau, Kristen P.
name: Balakrishnan, Swapna
name: Gell, Nancy
name: Sambit Mohapatra
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Appendix.
Diplomatic history and its impact on contemporary diplomacy
Creators: name: Zahra, Sharif Aymoy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Diplomatic history
contemporary diplomacy.

description: ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study is To make assessment Diplomatic history and its impact on contemporary diplomacy. The overall aim of this study was guided by the very important objectives: To examine the monetary rewards on employee retention to the business in some selected businesses in Mogadishu Somalia. To define theimpact of job enrichment on employee retention to the business in some selected businesses in Mogadishu,Somalia. To determine the influence of Training on employee retention to the business in some selected businesses in Mogadishu Somalia. The study was conducted from January 2024 to June 2024. This research wasused descriptive design, through questionnaire design to describe the characteristics and correlation to measure central tendency of matters of the questionnaire. The total number of population in the study was employed 63 intellectual in the Mogadishu City as a case study since the time and cost could not allow accessing all the media sectors in the City of Mogadishu.

54 participants of sample size of different gender who have been selected from the population departments within the sectors of this scope in Mogadishu. These participants have been chosen according to the possibility of getting accurate and reliable information. The sampling procedure of this study was non-probability sampling especially purposive sampling to conduct the research, and also to consider the significance of research reality. This research study was collected primarily data using questionnaires. In this study quantitative data analysis was used. The analysis was carried out with the use of help Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 20), that was measured the use of in Mogadishu, Benadir, Somalia. The major findings that supported the argument include the objectives and even the dependent variable of the study. For instance the questions ofthe first objective generally result a common concept of that motivation on employee retention to the business in some selected metropolis in Mogadishu, Somalia. The study also recommends to the social networks management providers to control their account users in order to promote the business secure and satisfaction and employee relations’ performance.