cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Scalable Verification of GNN-based Job Schedulers
Creators: name: Wu, Haoze
name: Barrett, Clark
name: Sharif, Mahmood
name: Narodytska, Nina
name: Singh, Gagandeep
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have been applied for scheduling jobs over clusters, achieving better performance than hand-crafted heuristics. Despite their impressive performance, concerns remain over whether these GNN-based job schedulers meet users' expectations about other important properties, such as strategy-proofness, sharing incentive, and stability. In this work, we consider formal verification of GNN-based job schedulers. We address several domain-specific challenges such as networks that are deeper and specifications that are richer than those encountered when verifying image and NLP classifiers. We develop vegas, the first general framework for verifying both single-step and multi-step properties of these schedulers based on carefully designed algorithms that combine abstractions, refinements, solvers, and proof transfer. Our experimental results show that vegas achieves significant speed-up when verifying important properties of a state-of-the-art GNN-based scheduler compared to previous methods.
description: Condensed version published at OOPSLA'22
Autonomous conversion of information to work in quantum dots
Creators: name: Sánchez, Rafael
name: Samuelsson, Peter
name: Potts, Patrick P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider an autonomous implementation of Maxwell's demon in a quantum dot architecture. As in the original thought experiment, only the second law of thermodynamics is seemingly violated when disregarding the demon. The autonomous architecture allows us to compare descriptions in terms of information to a more traditional, thermoelectric characterization. Our detailed investigation of information-to-work conversion is based on fluctuation relations and second law like inequalities in addition to the average heat and charge currents. By introducing a time-reversal on the level of individual electrons, we find a novel fluctuation relation that is not connected to any symmetry of the moment generating function of heat and particle flows. Furthermore, we show how an effective Markovian master equation with broken detailed balance for the system alone can emerge from a full description, allowing for an investigation of the entropic cost associated to breaking detailed balance. Interestingly, while the entropic cost of performing a perfect measurement diverges, the entropic cost of breaking detailed balance does not. Our results connect various approaches and idealized scenarios found in the literature and can be tested experimentally with present day technology.
description: Main text: 13 pages, 9 figures. v3: Typo in equations (23) and (24) corrected
Large-$S$ and tensor-network methods for strongly-interacting topological insulators
Creators: name: Tirrito, E.
name: Hands, S.
name: Bermudez, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of correlation effects in topological phases of matter can benefit from a multidisciplinary approach that combines techniques drawn from condensed matter, high-energy physics and quantum information science. In this work, we exploit these connections to study the strongly-interacting limit of certain lattice Hubbard models of topological insulators, which map onto four-Fermi quantum field theories with a Wilson-type discretization, and have been recently shown to be at reach of cold-atom quantum simulators based on synthetic spin-orbit coupling. We combine large-S and tensor-network techniques to explore the possible spontaneous symmetry-breaking phases that appear when the interactions of the topological insulators are sufficiently large. In particular, we show that varying the Wilson parameter $r$ of the lattice discretizations leads to a novel Heisenberg-Ising compass model with critical lines that flow with the value of $r$.
title: Sicherheit vs. Privatsphäre: Zur Akzeptanz von Überwachung in sozialen Medien im Kontext von Terrorkrisen
Creators: name: Reuter, Christian
name: Geilen, Gordian
name: Gellert, Robin
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023

description: Nach den terroristischen Anschlägen in Paris 2015 und Brüssel 2016 wurde das Bedürfnis nach mehr Sicherheit und überwachung im Internet laut. Als Folge der Enthüllungen der überwachungs- und Spionagetechniken der National Security Agency (NSA) durch Edward Snowden 2013 konnte in der Bevölkerung aber auch ein Aufschrei nach erhöhtem Schutz der Privatsphäre im Internet wahrgenommen werden. Die geschilderten Ereignisse verdeutlichen die gegensätzlichen Wünsche nach Sicherheit und überwachung im Internet sowie Schutz der Privatsphäre. Im ersten Teil dieses Beitrags stellen wir den Stand der Forschung im Bereich Terror, Sicherheit und Privatsphäre in sozialen Medien dar. Im zweiten Teil führen wir eine explorative Studie durch, um zu beleuchten, ob Bürgerinnen und Bürger in Krisenzeiten bereit wären, ihre Privatsphäre im Internet, vor allem in sozialen Netzwerken, zugunsten von Sicherheit zu reduzieren. Basierend auf qualitativen Daten zeigt diese Arbeit Meinungscluster und Tendenzen in Bezug auf das Nullsummenspiel "Sicherheit und Privatsphäre".
Long time behavior of dynamic solution to Peierls--Nabarro dislocation model
Creators: name: Gao, Yuan
name: Liu, Jian-Guo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study the relaxation process of Peierls-Nabarro dislocation model, which is a gradient flow with singular nonlocal energy and double well potential describing how the materials relax to its equilibrium with the presence of a dislocation. We prove the dynamic solution to Peierls-Nabarro model will converge exponentially to a shifted steady profile which is uniquely determined.
description: 25 pages
Additional file 7: of Comparative genomic analysis suggests that the sperm-specific sodium/proton exchanger and soluble adenylyl cyclase are key regulators of CatSper among the Metazoa
Creators: name: Romero, Francisco
name: Nishigaki, Takuya
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Figure S4. The least gene-loss events of CatSper, sNHE and sAC in the Metazoa. (PDF 55 kb)
Mathematical validation of the Peierls--Nabarro model for edge dislocations
Creators: name: Gao, Yuan
name: Liu, Jian-Guo
name: Luo, Tao
name: Xiang, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we perform mathematical validation of the Peierls--Nabarro (PN) models, which are multiscale models of dislocations that incorporate the detailed dislocation core structure. We focus on the static and dynamic PN models of an edge dislocation. In a PN model, the total energy includes the elastic energy in the two half-space continua and a nonlinear potential energy across the slip plane, which is always infinite. We rigorously establish the relationship between the PN model in the full space and the reduced problem on the slip plane in terms of both governing equations and energy variations. The shear displacement jump is determined only by the reduced problem on the slip plane while the displacement fields in the two half spaces are determined by linear elasticity. We establish the existence and sharp regularities of classical solutions in Hilbert space. For both the reduced problem and the full PN model, we prove that a static solution is a global minimizer in perturbed sense. We also show that there is a unique classical, global in time solution of the dynamic PN model.
description: 31 pages
Local and global applications of the Minimal Model Program for co-rank one foliations on threefolds
Creators: name: Spicer, Calum
name: Svaldi, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We provide several applications of the minimal model program to the local and global study of co-rank one foliations on threefolds. Locally, we prove a singular variant of Malgrange's theorem, a classification of terminal foliation singularities and the existence of separatrices for log canonical singularities. Globally, we prove termination of flips, a connectedness theorem on lc centres, a non-vanshing theorem and some hyperbolicity properties of foliations.
description: 55 pages; new version taking into account referee comments, to appear in JEMS
title: Regulation of Rabbit Testicular Capsular Motility: The Interaction of Prostaglandins, Acetylcholine and Sympathomimetic Agents
Creators: name: Hargrove, James L.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1975

description: The regulation of the contractility and intratesticular pressure of rabbit testes was studied. The effects of, and interactions among, prostaglandins (PGs) E1 and F2α testosterone, acetylcholine, epinephrine and norepinephrine were ascertained both in vitro and in vivo. All of these compounds, except for high concentrations of PGE1 and testosterone, stimulated the testicular capsule to contract. PGE1 at low concentrations potentiated the contractions produced by epinephrine and acetylcholine. Above 10-7M, PGE1 inhibited contractions caused by PGF2α epinephrine or acetylcholine. Testosterone inhibited contractions caused by PGF2α in vitro.
Preinjections of rabbits with the PG synthetase inhibitor, indomethacin, significantly reduced testicular contractility in vivo. A second inhibitor of PG synthetase, 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid (TYA), had no such effect. Reserpine failed to alter testicular contractions in vivo. Attempts to stimulate the spermatic nerve electrically using Ag-AgCl electrodes did not alter intratesticular pressure.
Exposing male rabbits to females had no significant effect on testicular contractions in vivo or in vitro. Serum testosterone measurements were made after injections of indomethacin, TVA, reserpine and combinations of indomethacin and PGE1. No significant changes were noted among groups due to large variability.
Intratesticular pressure showed spontaneous, rhythmical fluctuations in some preparations. Intravenous injections of norepinephrine increased overall pressure, whereas isoproterenol decreased it. The inhibition of rhythmical pressure changes after iv infusion of isoproterenol persisted at least half an hour. During this time norepinephrine failed to increase intratesticular pressure.
Legendrian skein algebras and Hall algebras
Creators: name: Haiden, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We compare two associative algebras which encode the "quantum topology" of Legendrian curves in contact threefolds of product type $S\times\mathbb R$. The first is the skein algebra of graded Legendrian links and the second is the Hall algebra of the Fukaya category of $S$. We construct a natural homomorphism from the former to the latter, which we show is an isomorphism if $S$ is a disk with marked points and injective if $S$ is the annulus.
description: v2: minor improvements
Constraining the intracluster pressure profile from the thermal SZ power spectrum
Creators: name: Ramos-Ceja, M. E.
name: Basu, K.
name: Pacaud, F.
name: Bertoldi, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The angular power spectrum of the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (tSZ) effect is highly sensitive to cosmological parameters such as sigma_8 and Omega_m, but its use as a precision cosmological probe is hindered by the astrophysical uncertainties in modeling the gas pressure profile in galaxy groups and clusters. In this paper we assume that the relevant cosmological parameters are accurately known and explore the ability of current and future tSZ power spectrum measurements to constrain the intracluster gas pressure or the evolution of the gas mass fraction, f_gas. We use the CMB bandpower measurements from the South Pole Telescope and a Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method to quantify deviations from the standard, universal gas pressure model. We explore analytical model extensions that bring the predictions for the tSZ power into agreement with experimental data. We find that a steeper pressure profile in the cluster outskirts or an evolving f_gas have mild-to-severe conflicts with experimental data or simulations. Varying more than one parameter in the pressure model leads to strong degeneracies that cannot be broken with current observational constraints. We use simulated bandpowers from future tSZ survey experiments, in particular a possible 2000 deg^2 CCAT survey, to show that future observations can provide almost an order of magnitude better precision on the same model parameters. This will allow us to break the current parameter degeneracies and place simultaneous constraints on the gas pressure profile and its redshift evolution, for example.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Fermionic wave functions and Grassmann fields as possible sources of dark energy
Creators: name: Brito, L. C. T.
name: Pereira, S. H.
name: Barboza, L. N.
name: Felipe, J. C. C.
name: Jesus, J. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a cosmological model with a fermionic field which can be interpreted as a source of dark energy in the universe. Two different approaches were considered, the first one with a massless fermionic field represented by a standard wave-function and the second one where a massive field is a Grassmann variable. {The first case naturally reduces to a XCDM model with a constant equation of state parameter, while the last case reproduces a $w(z)$CDM model for a massive field}, and in the massless limit, the intrinsic grassmannian property of the field leads always to a vacuum equation of state parameter, irrespective the specific form of the potential. Both cases leads to a dark energy contribution of the fermionic sector. The models are totally compatible with recent cosmological data from Supernovae, BAO and Hubble parameter measurements. A brief study of linear evolution of density perturbations shows that some of the small scale problems related to standard model can be at least alleviated.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures, final version published
Additional file 8: of Comparative genomic analysis suggests that the sperm-specific sodium/proton exchanger and soluble adenylyl cyclase are key regulators of CatSper among the Metazoa
Creators: name: Romero, Francisco
name: Nishigaki, Takuya
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Hematology

description: Figure S5. Statistical analysis of the coexistence of CatSper, sNHE and sAC. (PDF 62 kb)
Signature of nonequilibrium quantum phase transition in the long time average of Loschmidt echo
Creators: name: Zhou, Bozhen
name: Yang, Chao
name: Chen, Shu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We unveil the role of the long time average of Loschmidt echo in the characterization of nonequilibrium quantum phase transitions by studying sudden quench processes across quantum phase transitions in various quantum systems. While the dynamical quantum phase transitions are characterized by the emergence of a series of zero points at critical times during time evolution, we demonstrate that nonequilibrium quantum phase transitions can be identified by nonanalyticities in the long time average of Loschmidt echo. The nonanalytic behaviours are illustrated by a sharp change in the long time average of Loschmidt echo or the corresponding rate function or the emergence of divergence in the second derivative of rate function when the driving quench parameter crosses the phase transition points. The connection between the second derivative of rate function and fidelity susceptibility is also discussed.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
Observation of dynamical topology in 1D
Creators: name: Reid, G. H.
name: Lu, Mingwu
name: Fritsch, A. R.
name: Piñeiro, A. M.
name: Spielman, I. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nontrivial topology in lattices is characterized by invariants--such as the Zak phase for one dimensional (1D) lattices--derived from wave functions covering the Brillouin zone. We realized the 1D bipartite Rice-Mele (RM) lattice using ultracold $^{87}$Rb and focus on lattice configurations possessing various combinations of chiral, time-reversal and particle-hole symmetries. We quenched between configurations and used a form of quantum state tomography, enabled by diabatically tuning lattice parameters, to directly follow the time evolution of the Zak phase as well as a chiral winding number. The Zak phase evolves continuously; however, when chiral symmetry transiently appears in the out-of-equilibrium system, the chiral winding number is well defined and can take on different integer values. When quenching between two configurations obeying all three symmetries the Zak phase is time independent; we confirm the contrasting prediction of [M. McGinley and N. R.Cooper, PRL 121 090401 (2018)] that chiral symmetry is periodically restored, at which times the winding number changes by $\pm 2$, yielding values that are not present in the native RM Hamiltonian.
Interpenetration of fractal clusters drives elasticity in colloidal gels formed upon flow cessation
Creators: name: Dagès, Noémie
name: Bouthier, Louis V.
name: Matthews, Lauren
name: Manneville, Sébastien
name: Divoux, Thibaut
name: Poulesquen, Arnaud
name: Gibaud, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Colloidal gels are out of equilibrium soft solids composed of attractive Brownian particles that form a space-spanning network at low volume fractions. The elastic properties of these systems result from the network microstructure, which is very sensitive to shear history. Here, we take advantage of such sensitivity to tune the viscoelastic properties of a colloidal gel made of carbon black nanoparticles. Starting from a fluidized state under an applied shear rate $\dot γ_0$, we use an abrupt flow cessation to trigger a liquid-to-solid transition. We observe that the resulting gel is all the more elastic when the shear rate $\dot γ_0$ is low and that the viscoelastic spectra can be mapped on a master curve. Moreover, coupling rheometry to small angle X-ray scattering allows us to show that the gel microstructure is different from gels solely formed by thermal agitation where only two length scales are observed: the dimension of the colloidal and the dimension the fractal aggregates. Competition between shear and thermal energy leads to gels with three characteristic length scales. Such gels structure in a percolated network of fractal clusters that interpenetrate each other. Experiments on gels prepared with various shear histories reveal that cluster interpenetration increases with decreasing values of the shear rate $\dot γ_0$ applied before flow cessation. These observations strongly suggest that cluster interpenetration drives the gel elasticity, which we confirm using a structural model. Our results, which are in stark contrast with previous literature, where gel elasticity was either linked to cluster connectivity or to bending modes, highlight a novel local parameter controlling the macroscopic viscoelastic properties of colloidal gels.
On generalizations of Fatou's theorem for the integrals with general kernels
Creators: name: Karagulyan, G. A.
name: Safaryan, M. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 42B25, Secondary 32A40

description: We define $λ(r)$-convergence, which is a generalization of nontangential convergence in the unit disc. We prove Fatou-type theorems on almost everywhere nontangential convergence of Poisson-Stiltjes integrals for general kernels $\{φ_r\}$, forming an approximation of identity. We prove that the bound \md0 \limsup_{r\to 1}λ(r) \|φ_r\|_\infty<\infty \emd is necessary and sufficient for almost everywhere $λ(r)$-convergence of the integrals \md0 \int_\ZT φ_r(t-x)dμ(t). \emd
description: 14 pages
Optimizing Multi-GPU Parallelization Strategies for Deep Learning Training
Creators: name: Pal, Saptadeep
name: Ebrahimi, Eiman
name: Zulfiqar, Arslan
name: Fu, Yaosheng
name: Zhang, Victor
name: Migacz, Szymon
name: Nellans, David
name: Gupta, Puneet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deploying deep learning (DL) models across multiple compute devices to train large and complex models continues to grow in importance because of the demand for faster and more frequent training. Data parallelism (DP) is the most widely used parallelization strategy, but as the number of devices in data parallel training grows, so does the communication overhead between devices. Additionally, a larger aggregate batch size per step leads to statistical efficiency loss, i.e., a larger number of epochs are required to converge to a desired accuracy. These factors affect overall training time and beyond a certain number of devices, the speedup from leveraging DP begins to scale poorly. In addition to DP, each training step can be accelerated by exploiting model parallelism (MP). This work explores hybrid parallelization, where each data parallel worker is comprised of more than one device, across which the model dataflow graph (DFG) is split using MP. We show that at scale, hybrid training will be more effective at minimizing end-to-end training time than exploiting DP alone. We project that for Inception-V3, GNMT, and BigLSTM, the hybrid strategy provides an end-to-end training speedup of at least 26.5%, 8%, and 22% respectively compared to what DP alone can achieve at scale.
A new coalescent for seed-bank models
Creators: name: Blath, Jochen
name: Casanova, Adrián González
name: Kurt, Noemi
name: Wilke-Berenguer, Maite
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We identify a new natural coalescent structure, which we call the seed-bank coalescent, that describes the gene genealogy of populations under the influence of a strong seed-bank effect, where "dormant forms" of individuals (such as seeds or spores) may jump a significant number of generations before joining the "active" population. Mathematically, our seed-bank coalescent appears as scaling limit in a Wright-Fisher model with geometric seed-bank age structure if the average time of seed dormancy scales with the order of the total population size $N$. This extends earlier results of Kaj, Krone and Lascoux [J. Appl. Probab. 38 (2011) 285-300] who show that the genealogy of a Wright-Fisher model in the presence of a "weak" seed-bank effect is given by a suitably time-changed Kingman coalescent. The qualitatively new feature of the seed-bank coalescent is that ancestral lineages are independently blocked at a certain rate from taking part in coalescence events, thus strongly altering the predictions of classical coalescent models. In particular, the seed-bank coalescent "does not come down from infinity," and the time to the most recent common ancestor of a sample of size $n$ grows like $\log\log n$. This is in line with the empirical observation that seed-banks drastically increase genetic variability in a population and indicates how they may serve as a buffer against other evolutionary forces such as genetic drift and selection.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/15-AAP1106 in the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Additional file 1: of Quantification of porcine myocardial perfusion with modified dual bolus MRI – a prospective study with a PET reference
Creators: name: Husso, Minna
name: Nissi, Mikko
name: Kuivanen, Antti
name: Halonen, Paavo
name: Tarkia, Miikka
name: Teuho, Jarmo
name: Saunavaara, Virva
name: Vainio, Pauli
name: Sipola, Petri
name: Manninen, Hannu
name: Ylä-Herttuala, Seppo
name: Knuuti, Juhani
name: Töyräs, Juha
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: The segments included in analysis and heart rates during perfusion imaging. (PDF 7 kb)
FROM THEM TO US? THE TRANSITION OF MEDIA FRAMING OF IMMIGRANTS IN  1987-1990 AND 2016-2019 JAPAN
Creators: name: Murase, Risa
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: The aim of this study is to identify whether the liberalization of immigration policies is associated with a more positive media framing of immigrants. Immigration policies are a contested terrain over how society perceives the “immigrant”. In the last decade, as nation states have taken further restrictive stances toward immigration issues, scholars have noted an increasingly negative image of immigrants to arouse as well. Although many studies have focused on restrictive policies leading to a diffusion of negative discourse concerning immigrants or vice versa, focusing on the case of Japan, I ask how the liberalization of immigration policies affect the framing of immigrants in the media. A content analysis of two major newspapers (Yomiuri Shimbun and Asahi Shimbun) comparing the period of 1987-1990 and 2016-2019 is conducted. Results show that the expanding of visa categories may be associated with a more positive media framing of immigrant.
Robust Table Detection and Structure Recognition from Heterogeneous Document Images
Creators: name: Ma, Chixiang
name: Lin, Weihong
name: Sun, Lei
name: Huo, Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce a new table detection and structure recognition approach named RobusTabNet to detect the boundaries of tables and reconstruct the cellular structure of each table from heterogeneous document images. For table detection, we propose to use CornerNet as a new region proposal network to generate higher quality table proposals for Faster R-CNN, which has significantly improved the localization accuracy of Faster R-CNN for table detection. Consequently, our table detection approach achieves state-of-the-art performance on three public table detection benchmarks, namely cTDaR TrackA, PubLayNet and IIIT-AR-13K, by only using a lightweight ResNet-18 backbone network. Furthermore, we propose a new split-and-merge based table structure recognition approach, in which a novel spatial CNN based separation line prediction module is proposed to split each detected table into a grid of cells, and a Grid CNN based cell merging module is applied to recover the spanning cells. As the spatial CNN module can effectively propagate contextual information across the whole table image, our table structure recognizer can robustly recognize tables with large blank spaces and geometrically distorted (even curved) tables. Thanks to these two techniques, our table structure recognition approach achieves state-of-the-art performance on three public benchmarks, including SciTSR, PubTabNet and cTDaR TrackB2-Modern. Moreover, we have further demonstrated the advantages of our approach in recognizing tables with complex structures, large blank spaces, as well as geometrically distorted or even curved shapes on a more challenging in-house dataset.
description: Accepted by Pattern Recognition on 27 Aug. 2022
title: Μελέτη των μηχανικών ιδιοτήτων αυξητικής δομής σχήματος «μπισκότου» με ανάλυση πεπερασμένων στοιχείων
title: Study of the mechanical properties of cookie-shaped auxetic structure by finite element analysis

Creators: name: Κουστουμπαρδης Χρηστος-Γερασιμος
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2023

description: Τα μεταϋλικά αποτελούν κατηγορία τεχνητά κατασκευασμένων υλικών τα οποία
παρουσιάζουν ιδιότητες που συναντώνται ελάχιστα ή και καθόλου σε φυσικά υλικά.
Λόγω αυτών των ιδιοτήτων τους, ενδείκνυνται ως ιδανικές επιλογές για πληθώρα
εφαρμογών. Επομένως, η ενδελεχής μελέτη των ιδιοτήτων των μεταϋλικών καθώς και
η εξάρτηση αυτών από τις διάφορες παραμέτρους τους καθίσταται ιδιαίτερα
σημαντική.
Υποκατηγορία αυτών των υλικών είναι τα αυξητικά υλικά, τα οποία παρουσιάζουν
αρνητικό λόγο Poisson και κατ’ επέκταση αντίστροφο μηχανισμό παραμόρφωσης.
Δηλαδή κατά την εφαρμογή μιας θλιπτικής τάσης στον διαμήκη άξονα, τα αυξητικά
συστέλλονται εγκαρσίως αντίθετα με εκείνα που έχουν θετικό λόγο Poisson, τα οποία
σε αντίστοιχη καταπόνηση διαστέλλονται.
Στην παρούσα εργασία δημιουργείται η αυξητική δομή σχήματος cookie με 4 πέταλα
μέσω ενός συνόλου εξισώσεων. Ο σχεδιασμός της δομής γίνεται στο πρόγραμμα
Inventor της Autodesk. Στην συνέχεια μελετάται η επίδραση της κάθε παραμέτρου
στην τιμή του λόγου Poisson καθώς και του μέτρου δυσκαμψίας. Τα μεγέθη αυτά
υπολογίζονται με ανάλυση πεπερασμένων στοιχείων στο πρόγραμμα Inventor Nastran
της Autodesk. Τέλος, ως παράδειγμα πιθανής εφαρμογής, γίνεται αντικατάσταση του
εσωτερικού μίας ρομποτικής αρπάγης με πλέγμα της παραπάνω αυξητικής δομής. Από
αυτή την εφαρμογή διερευνάται η ικανότητα συγκράτησης αντικειμένων από τον
μηχανισμό αλλά και οι τάσεις που δημιουργούνται εντός του πλέγματος κατά την
διαδικασία συγκράτησης.
description: Metamaterials are a category of artificially manufactured materials that exhibit
extraordinary properties not available or not easily obtainable in natural materials.
Because of these properties, they are ideal choices for a plethora of applications.
Therefore, the thorough study of the properties of metamaterials as well as their
dependence on their various parameters becomes particularly important.
A subcategory of these materials is auxetic materials, which present a negative Poisson
ratio and, by extension, an inverse deformation mechanism. That is, when compressive
stress is applied to the longitudinal axis, auxetics contract transversely, contrary to
materials with a positive Poisson's ratio, which expand under corresponding stress.
In this thesis, the auxetic 4-petal cookie-shaped structure is generated through a set of
equations. The design of the structure is created in Autodesk's Inventor program. Then
the effect of each parameter on Poisson’s ratio as well as the stiffness is studied. These
values are calculated by finite element analysis in Autodesk's Inventor Nastran
program. Finally, as a case study, a grid of the above auxetic structure is placed as an
infill of a robotic gripper. This application investigates the ability to hold objects by the
mechanism, as well as the stresses created within the mesh during the holding process.
Additional file 1: of Persistence and change in behavioural problems during early childhood
Creators: name: DâSouza, Stephanie
name: Underwood, Lisa
name: Peterson, Elizabeth
name: Morton, Susan
name: Waldie, Karen
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Table S1. SDQ difficulties subscales and the corresponding items at ages 2 and 4.5â years. Table displaying each SDQ difficulties subscale and its corresponding items at ages 2 and 4.5, to demonstrate the difference between the preschool and standard versions of the SDQ. (DOCX 12 kb)
Additional file 2: of Quantification of porcine myocardial perfusion with modified dual bolus MRI â a prospective study with a PET reference
Creators: name: Husso, Minna
name: Nissi, Mikko
name: Kuivanen, Antti
name: Halonen, Paavo
name: Tarkia, Miikka
name: Teuho, Jarmo
name: Saunavaara, Virva
name: Vainio, Pauli
name: Sipola, Petri
name: Manninen, Hannu
name: YlĂ¤-Herttuala, Seppo
name: Knuuti, Juhani
name: TĂśyrĂ¤S, Juha
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Modified dual bolus method. (PDF 44 kb)
Pesquisas sobre fala e possíveis aplicações ao ensino: reflexões a partir de perfis de respostas à percepção de fronteiras prosódicas
Creators: name: Tenani, Luciani
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Nesta apresentação, busco abordar dois temas de natureza distinta a fim de problematizar parte dos desafios que interpelam, em alguma medida, os pesquisadores de Fonética e Fonologia. O primeiro tema diz respeito à investigação de efeitos de características fonéticas na pontuação de fronteiras sintáticas que podem ou não corresponder a fronteiras de frase entoacional (IP), um constituinte prosódico que se configura, principalmente, a partir de contornos entoacionais (Frota e Moraes, 2016). Reporto, suscintamente, os resultados de Silva (2023) obtidos a partir de um teste de percepção do tipo escolha forçada com 35 licenciandos em Letras pela Unesp. Em um conjunto de estímulos, os áudios se caracterizam por pistas fonéticas robustas na fronteira de IP (com pausa, tom de fronteira). Em outro conjunto, os áudios se caracterizam por pistas fonéticas relativamente menos robustas na fronteira de IP (sem pausa, ou tom fronteira). Os estímulos foram apresentados aleatoriamente aos participantes e, após ouvir cada estímulo, foi solicitada a escolha de uma das opções: 1) enunciado escrito ortograficamente e com pontuação empregada na fronteira relevante; 2) enunciado escrito ortograficamente e sem pontuação na fronteira relevante. Para cada estímulo auditivo, cada participante gerou três respostas, totalizando 105 respostas que constituem o córpus da pesquisa. Essas respostas foram agrupadas em dois conjuntos por Silva e Tenani (2024): em um conjunto, as respostas sobre uso da pontuação se mostraram predominantemente embasadas em características sintáticas e, em outro conjunto, as respostas se mostraram embasadas na percepção da fronteira de IP. Revisito, nesta apresentação, a discussão sobre a pertinência em estabelecer perfis de participantes a partir das respostas sobre a pontuação dos enunciados a fim de, no primeiro momento, problematizar consequências metodológicas relativas aos efeitos que esses possíveis perfis teriam sobre a interpretação da percepção de pistas fonéticas de fronteiras de IP.

Na sequência, passo ao segundo tema desta apresentação relacionando-o ao primeiro ao tratar da aplicação e/ou da aplicabilidade que as pesquisas em fonética e fonologia são instadas a ter na formação e para a atuação do licenciando em Letras. Algumas pesquisas são, mas várias outras não são voltadas ao ensino da ortografia ou da pontuação, sendo essas, porém, diretamente aplicadas ao ensino de escrita, desconsiderando-se aspectos teóricos e metodológicos dessa aplicação. Problematizo as contribuições que nossas pesquisas têm a dar ao ensino da escrita, mas, sobretudo, à investigação da fala – em suas características fonéticas e fonológicas – ao fomentar reflexões sobre modos diversos de existir na linguagem e, dessa maneira, promover a valorização da formação linguística para a atuação qualificada do professor de português no ensino fundamental e superior. (Apoio: FAPESP 2022/05908-0, CNPq 407.593/2021-7)
Impact of vitamin D depletion during development on CC051 mice
Creators: name: Homstad, Alison
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Rodent models provide an ideal and reproducible environment to study vitamin D deficiency (VDD) during pregnancy. Our lab performed a series of reciprocal crosses with several strains of Collaborative Cross (CC) inbred mice to access the effects of developmental vitamin D deficiency (DVD) on the phenotypic outcomes, including adiposity, of the offspring. Using the CC mice allowed us to maximize the robustness of phenotypic responses to vitamin D deficiency. We identified a reciprocal cross, CC051 x CC041, that had disparate reactions to VDD during their development. The CC051 x CC041 offspring that were fed a low vitamin D (LVD) diet had more than two times as much fat mass as their control counterparts, while there was no significant difference in fat mass between the CC041 x CC051 mice on control and LVD diets. This promising data prompted us to investigate if we could see similar or stronger results in a CC051 x CC051 homozygous cross.
Outlier-Detection Based Robust Information Fusion for Networked Systems
Creators: name: Wang, Hongwei
name: Li, Hongbin
name: Zhang, Wei
name: Zuo, Junyi
name: Wang, Heping
name: Fang, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider state estimation for networked systems where measurements from sensor nodes are contaminated by outliers. A new hierarchical measurement model is formulated for outlier detection by integrating the outlier-free measurement model with a binary indicator variable. The binary indicator variable, which is assigned a beta-Bernoulli prior, is utilized to characterize if the sensor's measurement is nominal or an outlier. Based on the proposed outlier-detection measurement model, both centralized and decentralized information fusion filters are developed. Specifically, in the centralized approach, all measurements are sent to a fusion center where the state and outlier indicators are jointly estimated by employing the mean-field variational Bayesian inference in an iterative manner. In the decentralized approach, however, every node shares its information, including the prior and likelihood, only with its neighbors based on a hybrid consensus strategy. Then each node independently performs the estimation task based on its own and shared information. In addition, an approximation distributed solution is proposed to reduce the local computational complexity and communication overhead. Simulation results reveal that the proposed algorithms are effective in dealing with outliers compared with several recent robust solutions.
description: in IEEE Sensors Journal, 2022
Message Passing Neural Networks for Hypergraphs
Creators: name: Heydari, Sajjad
name: Livi, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Hypergraph representations are both more efficient and better suited to describe data characterized by relations between two or more objects. In this work, we present a new graph neural network based on message passing capable of processing hypergraph-structured data. We show that the proposed model defines a design space for neural network models for hypergraphs, thus generalizing existing models for hypergraphs. We report experiments on a benchmark dataset for node classification, highlighting the effectiveness of the proposed model with respect to other state-of-the-art methods for graphs and hypergraphs. We also discuss the benefits of using hypergraph representations and, at the same time, highlight the limitation of using equivalent graph representations when the underlying problem has relations among more than two objects.
Realistic Determination of Live Loads on Various Reinforced Concrete Structures
Creators: name: Khoso, Salim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 400504
subject: Construction engineering
classificationCode: 400505
subject: Construction materials
classificationCode: 400506
subject: Earthquake engineering
classificationCode: 400508
subject: Infrastructure engineering and asset management
classificationCode: 400509
subject: Structural dynamics
classificationCode: 400510
subject: Structural engineering

description: This paper presents various case studies of examined and calculated live loads on reinforced concrete structures. These case studies accumulated information and data of existing structures about their design live loads and acquired detailed drawings showing the reinforcement in their floor slab sections. The actual occupancy loads that act on the floor slabs were assessed, and the ultimate loads that an individual slab section should be able to support were calculated using the methods recommended by ACI, CP-114, CP-110, and the yield line theory. A reinforced concrete slab panel was also tested to check the validity of the theoretically predicted ultimate loads. The results were compared to find a safety margin and, if necessary, recommend lower live load outlines for cost reduction. The case studies showed that there is sufficient margin to reduce design live loads on the floor slabs of residential buildings, especially in multistory apartment blocks. Moreover, it was found that the live loads, especially on residential buildings, could be decreased to two-thirds of the code values without risking floor overloading.
GPU Fast Convolution via the Overlap-and-Save Method in Shared Memory
Creators: name: Adámek, Karel
name: Dimoudi, Sofia
name: Giles, Mike
name: Armour, Wesley
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present an implementation of the overlap-and-save method, a method for the convolution of very long signals with short response functions, which is tailored to GPUs. We have implemented several FFT algorithms (using the CUDA programming language) which exploit GPU shared memory, allowing for GPU accelerated convolution. We compare our implementation with an implementation of the overlap-and-save algorithm utilizing the NVIDIA FFT library (cuFFT). We demonstrate that by using a shared memory based FFT we can achieved significant speed-ups for certain problem sizes and lower the memory requirements of the overlap-and-save method on GPUs.
description: accepted to ACM TACO
Smooth coarse-graining and colored noise dynamics in stochastic inflation
Creators: name: Mahbub, Rafid
name: De, Aritra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider stochastic inflation coarse-grained using a general class of exponential filters. Such a coarse-graining prescription gives rise to inflaton-Langevin equations sourced by colored noise that is correlated in $e$-fold time. The dynamics are studied first in slow-roll for simple potentials using first-order perturbative, semi-analytical calculations which are later compared to numerical simulations. Subsequent calculations are performed using an exponentially correlated noise which appears as a leading order correction to the full slow-roll noise correlation functions of the type $\big\langle ξ(N)ξ(N') \big\rangle_{(n)}\sim\left( \cosh\left[ n(N-N')+1 \right] \right)^{-1}$. We find that the power spectrum of curvature perturbations $\mathcal{P}_ζ$ is suppressed at early $e$-folds, with the suppression controlled by $n$. Furthermore, we use the leading order, exponentially correlated noise and perform a first passage time analysis to compute the statistics of the stochastic $e$-fold distribution $\mathcal{N}$ and derive an approximate expression for the mean number of $e$-folds $\big\langle \mathcal{N} \big\rangle$. Comparing analytical results with numerical simulations of the inflaton dynamics, we show that the leading order noise correlation function can be used as a very good approximation of the exact noise, the latter being more difficult to simulate.
description: Version 3 uploaded; contains major modifications; new sections and appendices added; accepted for publication in JCAP
Flags and tangles
Creators: name: Haiden, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that two constructions yield equivalent braided monoidal categories. The first is topological, based on Legendrian tangles and skein relations, while the second is algebraic, in terms of chain complexes with complete flag and convolution-type products. The category contains Iwahori--Hecke algebras of type $A_n$ as endomorphism algebras of certain objects.
description: v2: added discussion of dualities, more detailed proofs, typos corrected
Information in Infinite Ensembles of Infinitely-Wide Neural Networks
Creators: name: Shwartz-Ziv, Ravid
name: Alemi, Alexander A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this preliminary work, we study the generalization properties of infinite ensembles of infinitely-wide neural networks. Amazingly, this model family admits tractable calculations for many information-theoretic quantities. We report analytical and empirical investigations in the search for signals that correlate with generalization.
description: 2nd Symposium on Advances in Approximate Bayesian Inference, 2019