Drosophila (Sophophora) bakoue Tsacas & Lachaise 1974
Creators: name: Yassin, Amir
name: Suwalski, Arnaud
name: Raveloson Ravaomanarivo, Lala H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Drosophilidae
Drosophila
Drosophila bakoue

description: Drosophila (Sophophora) bakoue Tsacas & Lachaise, 1974
Fig. 2
Drosophila (Sophophora) bakoue Tsacas & Lachaise, 1974: 197.
Diagnosis
Male with sex combs on the two first tarsomeres of the foreleg and completely yellow abdominal tergites; surstylus without dorsal tooth-like protuberance.
Type material
Holotype
IVORY COAST • ♂; Lamto; 6°13′ N, 5°02′ W; 22 Dec. 1970; D. Lachaise leg.; MNHN.
Distribution
Ivory Coast (type), Benin, Cameroon, Congo, Gabon, Malawi, Nigeria, and São Tomé Island (new location).
Remarks
D. bakoue resembles the species of the ‘ D. nikananu species complex’ Tsacas & Chassagnard, 1992 in males having completely yellow abdominal tergites. However, it differs from the species of the ‘ D. nikananu species complex’ in males having sex combs on the two first tarsomeres of the foreleg (the comb is lost or reduced on the second tarsomere in the ‘ D. nikananu species complex’) and lacking a dorsal tooth-like protuberance on the surstylus.
Lachaise (1979) attributed a laboratory strain collected from Makoukou (Gabon) to this species, and showed that it could produce fertile F 1 females and sterile F 1 males when its females were crossed with males of the strain of D. vulcana of Bock & Wheeler (1972). Rafael (1984) attributed another strain from Kunden (Cameroon) to D. bakoue and showed that it could not hybridize with the same strain of D. vulcana or with the strain of D. tsacasi of Bock & Wheeler (1972). Intriguingly, Rafael (1984) pointed out that both the Gabonese and Cameroonian strains of D. bakoue showed some differences in body size and pigmentation from the type material from Ivory Coast. She also found that the Cameroonian strain hybridized readily with D. malagassya, though both F1 sexes were sterile. Kopp (2016) analyzed a strain collected from the island of São Tomé and attributed to D. bakoue by J.R. David, and found that it produced sterile F 1 males and females when crossed with the same strain of D. tsacasi. Da Lage et al. (2007) analyzed the sequence of the nuclear gene Amyrel from a strain collected from Benin and found it to be sister to the strain of D. tsacasi of Bock & Wheeler (1972). Prigent et al. (2017) partially sequenced the mitochondrial gene COI from two specimens from Mount Oku in Cameroon and did not recover such affinity (Fig. 2). These results suggest that at least two different species may have been attributed to D. bakoue, from which the strains from Benin and São Tomé are closely related to D. tsacasi, whereas the strains from Gabon and Cameroon are distant. The relation of these species with the true D. bakoue from Ivory Coast needs more investigations.
description: Published as part of Yassin, Amir, Suwalski, Arnaud & Raveloson Ravaomanarivo, Lala H., 2019, Resolving the synonymy and polyphyly of the ' Drosophila bakoue species complex' (Diptera: Drosophilidae: ' D. montium species group') with descriptions of two new species from Madagascar, pp. 1-26 in European Journal of Taxonomy 532 on page 8, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.532, http://zenodo.org/record/3251569