cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
InfoInternet for Education in the Global South: A Study of Applications Enabled by Free Information-only Internet Access in Technologically Disadvantaged Areas (authors' version)
Creators: name: Johansen, Johanna
name: Johansen, Christian
name: Noll, Josef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper summarises our work on studying educational applications enabled by the introduction of a new information layer called InfoInternet. This is an initiative to facilitate affordable access to internet based information in communities with network scarcity or economic problems from the Global South. InfoInternet develops both networking solutions as well as business and social models, together with actors like mobile operators and government organisations. In this paper we identify and describe characteristics of educational applications, their specific users, and learning environment. We are interested in applications that make the adoption of Internet faster, cheaper, and wider in such communities. When developing new applications (or adopting existing ones) for such constrained environments, this work acts as initial guidelines prior to field studies.
description: 16 pages, 1 figure, under review for a journal since March 2018
Contractual insecurity in the EU15: using multiple surveys to investigate working with ‘no contract’
Creators: name: Healy, Amy
name: Ó Riain, Seán
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Our analysis makes use of three comparative European datasets to investigate the nature and meaning of working with ‘No Contract’ across a range of European societies in the mid-2010s. Using the EU Labour Force Survey (EU-LFS, 1995-2015), European Working Conditions Survey (EWCS, 1995-2015), and European Social Survey (ESS, 2002-2016) we show that the presence of workers with ‘No Contract’ is a significant feature of the labour market for a small number of Mediterranean countries, Ireland and the UK. We analyse how respondents describe their employment situation in different countries, given different possible contract categories; the subjective perception of their labour market insecurity by workers in various contract situations; and investigate how ‘No Contract’ working relates to other key variables in particular work and employment configurations. The paper reveals two primary patterns of ‘No Contract’ working. The first is related to ‘temporary contract’ work, with ‘No Contract’ employment serving as a related form of casualised work in the Mediterranean economies in particular. This also suggests that estimates of precarity are somewhat under-estimated in Mediterranean and Liberal economies in Europe. The second is present only in the UK and Ireland and represents a group of ‘No Contract’ workers primarily in market services, whose situation is best analysed as a particular, potentially more uncertain, form of permanent work.
Assessing challenges and prospects of Balanced Scorecard (BSC): in Performance Appraisal: the case of National Lottery Administration
Creators: name: Woldetsadik, Teklu
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2013

description: The performance of employees in public sectors of ethopia were measured in traditinal measurment methiods.the traditinal method was focused on only employee behaviour and fainacial results.And the work process was also too long that could not bring about satisfaction of the public;to re-designe the work process public sectors undertook BPR,and picked up BSC to meeasure performance. The purpose of this research is to asses challenge and prospect of BSC for performance appraisal with the case of National Lottery Adminstration (NLA). In light of this, primery data were collected with the help of questionnaire from managers and employees from all departments of the NLA using stratified technique, and within each stratum (department) random sampling was employed. Hence, from the total number that's 696 staffs 138 respondents were selected And also interview were conducted with key informants both in NLA and customers to obtain qualitative information. The collected data has been analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The study results show that among four BSC perspectives; learning and development, internal process, customers and finance, NLA focused on financial perspective and has brought significant change on sales of lottery tickets. However, these positive results cannot be sustained unless the focus of NLA turned to learning and development, and internal process and unless due attention is given to customers. Performance appraisal using BSC requires motivated, knowledgeable works and strong support of Information Technology and the results of performance appraisal need to be employed for rewarding good performer and organize training for poor ones. NLA did not give proper attention to motivate its employees; almost there is no salary increment and other staff benefits. Supporting jobs with Information Technology is not as desired. Moreover, the study highlights positive and sustainable financial change ought to be made by NLA.
DIRK Schemes with High Weak Stage Order
Creators: name: Ketcheson, David
name: Seibold, Benjamin
name: Shirokoff, David
name: Zhou, Dong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65L04, 65L20, 65M12

description: Runge-Kutta time-stepping methods in general suffer from order reduction: the observed order of convergence may be less than the formal order when applied to certain stiff problems. Order reduction can be avoided by using methods with high stage order. However, diagonally-implicit Runge-Kutta (DIRK) schemes are limited to low stage order. In this paper we explore a weak stage order criterion, which for initial boundary value problems also serves to avoid order reduction, and which is compatible with a DIRK structure. We provide specific DIRK schemes of weak stage order up to 3, and demonstrate their performance in various examples.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
The shrinkage type of knots
Creators: name: Kammeyer, Holger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M27 (primary), 11J82 (secondary)

description: We study spectral gaps of cellular differentials for finite cyclic coverings of knot complements. Their asymptotics can be expressed in terms of irrationality exponents associated with ratios of logarithms of algebraic numbers determined by the first two Alexander polynomials. From this point of view it is natural to subdivide all knots into three different types. We show that examples of all types abound and discuss what happens for twist and torus knots as well as knots with few crossings.
description: Final version to appear in Bull. Lond. Math. Soc., 19 pages, 2 figures
Topological defects in lattice models and affine Temperley-Lieb algebra
Creators: name: Belletête, J.
name: Gainutdinov, A. M.
name: Jacobsen, J. L.
name: Saleur, H.
name: Tavares, T. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper is the first in a series where we attempt to define defects in critical lattice models that give rise to conformal field theory topological defects in the continuum limit. We focus mostly on models based on the Temperley-Lieb algebra, with future applications to restricted solid-on-solid (also called anyonic chains) models, as well as non-unitary models like percolation or self-avoiding walks. Our approach is essentially algebraic and focusses on the defects from two points of view: the "crossed channel" where the defect is seen as an operator acting on the Hilbert space of the models, and the "direct channel" where it corresponds to a modification of the basic Hamiltonian with some sort of impurity. Algebraic characterizations and constructions are proposed in both points of view. In the crossed channel, this leads us to new results about the center of the affine Temperley-Lieb algebra; in particular we find there a special basis with non-negative integer structure constants that are interpreted as fusion rules of defects. In the direct channel, meanwhile, this leads to the introduction of fusion products and fusion quotients, with interesting algebraic properties that allow to describe representations content of the lattice model with a defect, and to describe its spectrum.
description: 51 pages, v2: much improved version with few sections rewritten, new result in Theorem 2.1, many typos fixed; v3: published version, new proof of Thm 2.1
Higher-spin currents in the Gross-Neveu model at $1/n^2$
Creators: name: Manashov, A. N.
name: Skvortsov, E. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the anomalous dimensions of higher-spin currents, both singlet and non-singlet, in the Gross-Neveu model at the $1/n^2$ order. It was conjectured that in the critical regime this model is dual to a higher-spin gauge theory on $AdS_4$. The $AdS/CFT$ correspondence predicts that the masses of higher-spin fields correspond to the scaling dimensions of the singlet currents in the Gross-Neveu model.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures; replaced with the revised version
Hawking Radiation via Gauss-Bonnet Theorem
Creators: name: Övgün, A.
name: Sakallı, İ.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we apply the topological method to the various black holes to derive their Hawking temperature. We show that the this method can easily be employed to compute the Hawking temperature of black holes having spherically symmetric topology. Therefore, we conclude that the topological method provides a consistent formula to achieve the Hawking temperature.
description: 5 pages. Version accepted for publication in Annals of Physics
Experimental determination of four-time stimulated echoes in liquids, colloidal suspensions, and crystals
Creators: name: Böhmer, Roland
name: Hinze, G.
name: Diezemann, G.
name: Sillescu, H.
Publisher: name: Academic Press
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: 530

description: Four-time stimulated echo experiments have been used to monitor the temporal evolution of the reorientation rates of deuterated molecules or colloidal suspensions. We present extended phase cycles for this seven-pulse experiment. In order to test its performance three vastly different materials are chosen. These include a crystal in which the molecules carry out well-defined 180° flips and a supercooled liquid characterized by a distribution of jump angles centered around 10°. As an example for rotational diffusion, data on a concentrated suspension of polystyrene spheres in a viscous medium are presented.
Exact control of parity-time symmetry in periodically modulated nonlinear optical couplers
Creators: name: Yang, Baiyuan
name: Luo, Xiaobing
name: Hu, QiangLin
name: Yu, XiaoGuang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a mechanism for realization of exact control of parity-time (PT) symmetry by using a periodically modulated nonlinear optical coupler with balanced gain and loss. It is shown that for certain appropriately chosen values of the modulation parameters, we can construct a family of exact analytical solutions for the two-mode equations describing the dynamics of such nonlinear couplers. These exact solutions give explicit examples that allow us to precisely manipulate the system from nonlinearity-induced symmetry breaking to PT symmetry, thus providing an analytical approach to the all-optical signal control in nonlinear PT-symmetric structures.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Assessment of corruption on title deeds registration and transfer services of Sebeta Town Administration
Creators: name: Olani, Dilba
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2019

description: Corruption is a phenomenon with secretive nature making it difficult to research about. Land administration is one of the main economic sectors prone to higher level of corruption. The overall goal of this research was to identify the link between corruption in land title deeds registration and transfer processes and its bearing on service delivery at Sebeta town administration. In specific terms, this research was conducted with the following three aims. The first aim was understanding prevalence of corruption in land title deeds registration and transfer services of Sebeta municipality. The second aim was understanding whether service delivery was negatively impacted due to high prevalence of corruption and the last aim was consolidating possible measures stated by service seekers and officials as effective ways to prevent corruption. In this research, over eighty service seekers sampled out of community members waiting for their cases being processed at Sebeta municipality premises were interviewed. Respondents were selected using purposive sampling technique so as to identify respondents who were at the premises with the purpose of getting their property registered or transferred. From government office, officers at OEACC, Justice office, head of public service and land administration reform desk team leader were interviewed. Findings of this research indicates that majority of service seeker respondents perceive that Sebeta land administration is plagued with corruption which does not show any sign of decreasing even under the current regime which promised swiping reforms. Respondents also consider that service delivery was deteriorated due to systematic corruption engrained in the daily dealings of officers at the land administration. Involvement of middlemen in getting cases processed at the office was named one of the most worrying hinderances put on the way of other service seekers. Officers indicated that grand corruption has ceased since the reform; but ordinary citizens refute the claim, saying that local level has not seen significant reform or hope of it coming. In conclusion, there is a strong tendency to consider corruption as a normal routine by the wider public in their daily discourse. Added to this service delivery is undertaken through network of middlemen who use up majority of office hours of officers responsible for serving the public equally. In recommendation, there should be a scheme to strengthen public awareness on negative impact of corruption on local development and service delivery. Local population should play its part in combatting corruption by having sufficient access to information in relation to administration of their local affairs including management of land resources owned collectively.
Épidémie de Klebsiella pneumoniae productrice de bêtalactamases à spectre étendu en réanimation chirurgicale mise en évidence par le séquençage : retour sur investigation et évaluation des pratiques
Creators: name: Lehoussel, Carine
name: Gravey, François
name: Jeanne-Leroyer, Camille
name: Hello, Simon Le
Publisher: name: Health & Co
Year: 2023
Subjects: Séquençage
Épidémie
Transmission croisée
Étude rétrospective
Hygiène hospitalière
Transmission manuportée

description: Introduction et objectif. Notre établissement assure une veille de toutes les souches d’entérobactéries productrices de bêtalactamases à spectre étendu (BLSE) isolées chez les patients de réanimation par séquençage complet du génome. L’analyse rétrospective pour K. pneumoniae (Kp) BLSE a révélé une épidémie de 23 patients entre mai et décembre 2019 dans 4 unités. L’équipe opérationnelle d’hygiène (EOH) a réalisé une investigation rétrospective. Matériel et méthodes. L’analyse des 23 dossiers a permis l’élaboration d’hypothèses. Une enquête environnementale et des observations des pratiques ont été réalisées. Les prélèvements d’environnement ont recherché un réservoir hydrique et un marqueur de transmission croisée sur des points critiques. Les professionnels pouvant intervenir dans les 4 unités dans une même journée ont été observés. Résultats. Les 51 prélèvements sont revenus négatifs ; 46 situations de soins ont été observées chez 24 médecins, 11 manipulateurs en radiologie, 9 brancardiers et 2 kinésithérapeutes. Les prérequis à l’hygiène des mains (HDM) étaient respectés dans 98% des cas et le taux d’observance de l’HDM était de 63%. La technique était conforme dans 16% des cas. Les indications du port de gants et du tablier étaient conformes à 29%. L’entretien des dispositifs médicaux partagés n’était pas systématique après utilisation, notamment pour les parties manipulées des échographes (37% hors sonde) ou de l’appareil de radiologie (9%). Les traçabilités de cet entretien étaient absentes les jours d’observation. Conclusion. Le séquençage a révélé une épidémie. Les observations ont conforté l’hypothèse d’une transmission par manuportage ou par le matériel partagé due à l’application non optimale des précautions standard. Aucun réservoir environnemental n’a été trouvé mais l’investigation environnementale a été effectuée plus d’un an après le dernier cas avéré. Un séquençage plus rapide pourrait permettre des investigations et interventions plus efficaces.
Controlled objects as a symmetric monoidal functor
Creators: name: Bunke, Ulrich
name: Caputi, Luigi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The goal of this paper is to associate functorially to every symmetric monoidal additive category $\mathbf{A}$ with a strict $G$-action a lax symmetric monoidal functor $\mathbf{V}_{\mathbf{A}}^{G}:G\mathbf{BornCoarse}\to \mathbf{Add}_{\infty}$ from the symmetric monoidal category of $G$-bornological coarse spaces $G\mathbf{BornCoarse}$ to the symmetric monoidal $\infty$-category of additive categories $ \mathbf{Add}_{\infty}$. This allows to refine equivariant coarse algebraic $K$-homology to a lax symmetric monoidal functor.
description: 30 pages
Simple transitive $2$-representations of Soergel bimodules for finite Coxeter types
Creators: name: Mackaay, Marco
name: Mazorchuk, Volodymyr
name: Miemietz, Vanessa
name: Tubbenhauer, Daniel
name: Zhang, Xiaoting
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we show that Soergel bimodules for finite Coxeter types have only finitely many equivalence classes of simple transitive $2$-representations and we complete their classification in all types but $H_{3}$ and $H_{4}$.
description: Final version, to appear in the Proceedings of the LMS
The Effect of Human Resource Performance Management on Efficiency: the Case of Ethiopian Insurance Corporation (EIC). (Based on Staffs Opinion survey)
Creators: name: Ferede, Manalegne
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2008

description: This study mainly intends to explore whether there are any undesirable challenges and problems (limitations) in the implementation process of human resource performance management in one of the public owned enterprises i.e. the Ethiopian Insurance Corporation (EIC). The main objective of the study is to assess and identify the challenges encountered in the process of implementation of human resource management in the Corporation whcih closely examined. To this end, both the primary and secondary data were gathered through questionnaires and various documents; and analyzed quantitatively through frequency and percentage values. The results provided indicate towards the following conclusions. In the process of setting strategic planning and performance planning the involvement of employees is not sufficient, training and development of staffs in EIC is not programmed or scheduled, the existing performance evaluation of the employees of the Corporation is more of behavioral measurement rather than achievements oriented, and the rewarding policy of the Corporation is not clear. Relying on the above conclusions, among others, some of the recommendations are given based on the findings include that, in the process of setting vision, mission, strategic plan and performance standard, employees have to participate actively and adequately and the strategic plan has to be cascade to lower level units further more. The conducting performance appraisal system has to be more of result oriented than behavioral measurements, and to enhance the efficiency of employees, there should be clearly stated policy regarding rewards to high performers and actions against to below average performers
Stability of gap soliton complexes in the nonlinear Schrödinger equation with periodic potential and repulsive nonlinearity
Creators: name: Kizin, Pavel P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35Q55, 35C08, 34C41, 65P99

description: The work is devoted to numerical investigation of stability of stationary localized modes ("gap solitons") for the one-dimentional nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE) with periodic potential and repulsive nonlinearity. Two classes of the modes are considered: a bound state of a pair of in-phase and out-of-phase fundamental gap solitons (FGSs) from the first bandgap separated by various number of empty potential wells. Using the standard framework of linear stability analysis, we computed the linear spectra for the gap solitons by means of the Fourier collocation method and the Evans function method. We found that the gap solitons of the first and second classes are exponentially unstable for odd and even numbers of separating periods of the potential, respectively. The real parts of unstable eigenvalues in corresponding spectra decay with the distance between FGSs exponentially. On the contrary, we observed that the modes of the first and second classes are either linearly stable or exhibit weak oscillatory instabilities if the number of empty potential wells separating FGSs is even and odd, respectively. In both cases, the oscillatory instabilities arise in some vicinity of upper bandgap edge. In order to check the linear stability results, we fulfilled numerical simulations for the time-dependent NLSE by means of a finite-difference scheme. As a result, all the considered exponentially unstable solutions have been deformed to long-lived pulsating formations whereas stable solutions conserved their shapes for a long time.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures; accepted for the Bulletin of Udmurt University
Road Traffic Accident: Causes and Control Mechanisms: in Addis Ababa City
Creators: name: Mekasha, Fikadu
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2015

description: In this study, the researcher tried to assess road traffic accident causes and control mechanisms undertaken by authorities, in Addis Ababa traffic police bureau and Addis Ababa Road Authority. Traffic accident overall linkage with human security in Addis Ababa has been examined using mixed methodological approach, i.e., qualitative and quantitative. As findings revealed, combination of factors has immensely contributed to the incidence of road traffic accident (RTAs) in Addis Ababa, such as human recklessness, vehicles defect, poor road design and poor traffic regulation enforcement. The study found the multifaceted effects of RTAs on the economy of households in particular and the country in general, on the social interaction of victims and family, as well as on the physical safety or the survival of individuals including permanent and temporal health problems. Counter-measures are being carried out by authorities starting from creating awareness through education campaigns, improving road designs and enforcement of the traffic regulation of the city. However the rate of RTAs is still rising and persistently occurring. The findings of the research reveal that RTAs have resulted great human life loss and huge property damages in Addis Ababa. Little attention is given to the problem despite the alarming increase of road accident from time to time. The recommendations made by the researcher to reduce the car accidents level in Addis Ababa city are as follows, provide education and training to all segment of citizens about Road safety, Computerize of the system, develop the skilled manpower, Improving road safety and licenses awarding system, Introduce pedestrians penalty system, use latest technology. The government should implement different control mechanism in the city
Learning to do diversity work: A model for continued education of program organizers
Creators: name: Dounas-Frazer, Dimitri R.
name: Hyater-Adams, Simone A.
name: Reinholz, Daniel L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Physics and physics education in the United States suffer from severe (and, in some cases, worsening) underrepresentation of Black, Latina/o, and Native people of all genders and women of all races and ethnicities. This underrepresentation is a symptom with multiple causes and myriad potential solutions. In this paper, we describe an approach to addressing the causes of underrepresentation through physics students' collective and continued education about racism, sexism, other dimensions of marginalization, as well as models of allyship and social change. Specifically, we focus on the efforts of undergraduate students, graduate students, and postdocs who are members of a student-run diversity-oriented organization in a physics department at a large, selective, predominantly white university with high research activity. This group's education was accomplished through quarterly Diversity Workshops. Here we report on six Diversity Workshops that were co-designed and facilitated by the authors. We describe the context, motivation, and goals of the workshops, the theories underlying their design and implementation, and their content. In addition, we discuss workshop attendance and suggest strategies for maintaining high attendance in the future. Because the details of our workshops were tailored to the specific needs and interests of a particular student organization, our workshop agendas may not be widely applicable beyond our local context. Therefore, we share our model, design principles, and facilitation strategies in this paper.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, 1 table; in press
Quantum Gravity in the Lab: Teleportation by Size and Traversable Wormholes
Creators: name: Brown, Adam R.
name: Gharibyan, Hrant
name: Leichenauer, Stefan
name: Lin, Henry W.
name: Nezami, Sepehr
name: Salton, Grant
name: Susskind, Leonard
name: Swingle, Brian
name: Walter, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the long-term goal of studying models of quantum gravity in the lab, we propose holographic teleportation protocols that can be readily executed in table-top experiments. These protocols exhibit similar behavior to that seen in the recent traversable wormhole constructions of [1,2]: information that is scrambled into one half of an entangled system will, following a weak coupling between the two halves, unscramble into the other half. We introduce the concept of teleportation by size to capture how the physics of operator-size growth naturally leads to information transmission. The transmission of a signal through a semi-classical holographic wormhole corresponds to a rather special property of the operator-size distribution we call size winding. For more general systems (which may not have a clean emergent geometry), we argue that imperfect size winding is a generalization of the traversable wormhole phenomenon. In addition, a form of signalling continues to function at high temperature and at large times for generic chaotic systems, even though it does not correspond to a signal going through a geometrical wormhole, but rather to an interference effect involving macroscopically different emergent geometries. Finally, we outline implementations feasible with current technology in two experimental platforms: Rydberg atom arrays and trapped ions.
description: 33 pages, 5 figures. This paper has a companion paper (Part II) by the same authors
"Factors Inhibiting the Growth of Micro and Small Enterprises in Ethiopia- The Case of Addis Ababa"
Creators: name: Hailu, Yednekachew
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2016

description: This study is an assessment of the factors that hinder the growth of micro and small scale enterprises in Addis Ababa. It is a survey research. The target population of the study were managers/owners and employees of the selected companies. A Sample size of 367 was taken out of 4380 MSEs. The relevant data was collected through survey questionnaire and random sampling technique was employed when distributing the survey questionnaires. Out of the 367 questionnaires distributed to the randomly selected employees and managers, 351 were properly completed and returned. This represents a response rate of approximately 95.6 % from the distributed questionnaires. The data was analyzed by using descriptive analysis technique through using tables, graphs and figures. Major findings revealed that internal factors such as poor management, failure to apply financial statement analysis, unplanned withdrawal of cash have low impact of the growth of the enterprises. However, external factors such as low market competitiveness due to lack of Adequate skill and appropriate equipment's; which will not allow them to produce quality products and compete in the market, low financial provision (access to finance), limiting them from making additional investment; these are the major factors inhibiting the growth and performance of MSEs in Addis Ababa engaged in manufacturing sector. In line with the findings obtained from this study recommendations to respective governmental bodies and MSE's owners/managers have been forwarded. These among others include: MSEs owners/managers have to use effectively the borrowed amount for the intended purposes and able to save money on for future investment, practice ways of gathering customer information for the purpose of satisfying their needs through conducting market research and creating network with other MSEs, the government should arrange and give necessary materials through lease in which MSEs can cover the payment during the operations to reduce doubt of getting back payments for the borrowed finance, and financial institutions, the Federal and Regional Governments, donors, NGOs can assist in creating lines of credit and special windows for assisting growth-oriented businesses. Key words: Micro and Small scale Enterprises, Internal factors, External factors
Elementary school students’ subjective well-being before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal study
Creators: name: Steinmayr, Ricarda
name: Paschke, Patrick
name: Wirthwein, Linda
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: COVID-19 pandemic
subject: Subjective well-being
subject: Life satisfaction
subject: Affect
subject: Children
subject: 150

description: First empirical results indicate that the COVID-19 pandemic has a negative impact on adolescents’ and adults’ subjective well-being. In the present study we focus on the subjective well-being of elementary school children before and after the first pandemic-related school lockdown and examine if possible declines in subjective well-being are especially pronounced for some groups, considering socio-economic status, migration background, and gender as moderators. We tested N = 425 elementary school students (mean age: M = 8.19; SD = 1.04) longitudinally with four measurement points (three before the school lockdown and one after) regarding their general life satisfaction, mood, and domain satisfaction regarding peers, family, and school. Piecewise growth curve models revealed a significant decline in positive mood and in satisfaction with the family. Decline in life satisfaction and satisfaction with peers nearly missed significance. The investigated moderators had no impact on the changes in subjective well-being. We conclude that the pandemic had detrimental effects on young children’s subjective well-being.
description: Journal of happiness studies;23(6)
Wissenschaftliches Poster "Individuelle Ängste - Migrant*innen als Sündenbock"
Creators: name: Graf, Vivien Céline
Publisher: name: Universität Hamburg
Year: 2024

description: Wissenschaftliches Poster "Individuelle Ängste - Migrant*innen als Sündenbock" im Rahmen des Forschungsseminars "Hass und Intoleranz in Zeiten sozialer Krisen".
Klimaangst und Akzeptanz Radikaler Protestformen
Creators: name: Hauschildt, Jennifer
Publisher: name: Universität Hamburg
Year: 2024

description: Poster zur Studie über die Beziehung von Klimaangst und der Akzeptanz radikaler Protestformen. Teil des Forschungsseminars "Hass und Intoleranz in Zeiten sozialer Krisen" im Master Internationale Kriminologie.
Streamline integration as a method for two-dimensional elliptic grid generation
Creators: name: Wiesenberger, Matthias
name: Held, Markus
name: Einkemmer, Lukas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new numerical algorithm to construct a structured numerical elliptic grid of a doubly connected domain. Our method is applicable to domains with boundaries defined by two contour lines of a two-dimensional function. The resulting grids are orthogonal to the boundary. Grid points as well as the elements of the Jacobian matrix can be computed efficiently and up to machine precision. In the simplest case we construct conformal grids, yet with the help of weight functions and monitor metrics we can control the distribution of cells across the domain. Our algorithm is parallelizable and easy to implement with elementary numerical methods. We assess the quality of grids by considering both the distribution of cell sizes and the accuracy of the solution to elliptic problems. Among the tested grids these key properties are best fulfilled by the grid constructed with the monitor metric approach.
title: From high energy physics to hospital
title: Investigation of the ATLAS IBL pixel detector for applications in proton therapy
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schilling, Isabelle
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strahlentherapie
subject: Protonentherapie
subject: Wissenstransfer Hochenergiephysik
subject: Detektorentwicklung
subject: Halbleiterdetektoren
subject: 530
subject: Strahlentherapie
subject: Protonentherapie
subject: Hochenergiephysik
subject: ATLAS
subject: Halbleiterdetektor

description: The effort to obtain continual progress in treatment quality in proton therapy facilities implies new technical requirements, mainly for the irradiation machines and the detector systems. For example, the collimation of proton spots generates stepper dose gradients and, thereby, the need for detectors with a high spatial resolution. Besides this, beam currents around 2 nA (≈ 1.2 ⋅ 1010 "protons" /"s" ) during patient treatment set challenging requirements on the detectors’ readout electronics for single particle tracking or counting. The knowledge gained in detector development in High Energy Physics (HEP) during the past decades is transferred to proton therapy applications in this work to address the upcoming detector requirements. It provides studies investigating the usage of a pixel detector designed for individual particle tracking in the high-radiation environment of the ATLAS experiment at LHC, namely the ATLAS IBL Pixel Detector, for proton beam measurements at proton therapy facilities. Due to the small pixel size of the detector under study, the shape of single pencil beam proton spots is determined with precision in the smaller pixel direction of 28 μm. The timing information of the particle hits on the detector allows the distinction between the single spots of scanned proton fields. Dose linearity checks reveal that the detector meets the requirement of an output dose consistency of ± 3 % for the daily quality assurance (QA) in the chosen dose range. Additionally, further studies lead to the conservative assumption that hit rates up to (73.85 ± 0.95) "clusters" /"25 ns" sampled with a frequency of 1 kHz feature a linear dependency on the beam current. Furthermore, the provided information on the deposited energy in the detector is utilized for range verification. Range differences of 1 mm required for the daily QA can be detected for proton energies impinging the sensor in the range of (30 − 44) MeV. Finally, an example of using the detector under study in the field of proton therapy is given by supporting a study investigating the energy deposition of platinum nanoparticles on a macroscopic scale. This work offers a characterization of the ATLAS IBL Pixel detector for proton therapy application and points out improvement opportunities for further detector development.
Structural Properties of the Stability of Jamitons
Creators: name: Ramadan, Rabie A.
name: Rosales, Rodolfo Ruben
name: Seibold, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35L65, 35Q91, 91B74

description: It is known that inhomogeneous second-order macroscopic traffic models can reproduce the phantom traffic jam phenomenon: whenever the sub-characteristic condition is violated, uniform traffic flow is unstable, and small perturbations grow into nonlinear traveling waves, called jamitons. In contrast, what is essentially unstudied is the question: which jamiton solutions are dynamically stable? To understand which stop-and-go traffic waves can arise through the dynamics of the model, this question is critical. This paper first presents a computational study demonstrating which types of jamitons do arise dynamically, and which do not. Then, a procedure is presented that characterizes the stability of jamitons. The study reveals that a critical component of this analysis is the proper treatment of the perturbations to the shocks, and of the neighborhood of the sonic points.
description: 22 page, 6 figures
Noncontact Friction and Force Fluctuations between Closely Spaced Bodies
Creators: name: Kenny, T. W.
name: Mamin, H. J.
name: Rugar, D.
name: Stipe, B. C.
name: Stowe, T. D.
Publisher: name: The American Physical Society
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: 530

description: Physical Review Letters
Consumers' Perceptions And Purchase Intention Towards Packaged Fruit Juice In Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Ashenafi, Mulualem
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2018

description: This research focused on factors that may influence consumers' intention to purchase packaged fruit juice product in Addis Ababa. Factors examined are intrinsic factors (i.e. perceived quality, perceived risk and perceived value) and extrinsic factors which include perceived price, packaging, advertisement and store image. All responses were collected by using questionnaire through convenience sampling (n=350).closed ended Questionair was employed to gather data. The research instrument for the study is designed through conducting the quantitative method. Data was analyzed through descriptive statistics, comparing mean analysis (i.e. independent t-test and ANOVA) and other analyses (i.e. correlation analysis and multiple linear regressions).According to the study findings, four factors: advertisement, perceived value, perceived quality, and store image were identified as critical factors that consumers of packaged fruit juice products perceive to be important in influencing their purchase intention towards packaged fruit juice products. However, the influences of advertisement, perceived value and perceived quality, in their purchasing decision, were more important than the other factor. The study also finds out that perceived risk, perceived price and packaging have no significant effect on consumers purchase intention of packaged fruit juice products in Addis Ababa. The Finding of the study also shows that there is a significance difference between consumers of packaged fruit juice products who belongs to different age groups with regard to packaging and store image, perceived quality, perceived price and advertisement. The study also concludes that there is significant difference between the respondents" educational level and the factors they consider to be important in influencing their purchase intention. Perceived quality, perceived value, perceived risk and packaging perceived differently among different respondents with different income group. Those respondents who have a larger family size give more attention to advertisement when they buy packaged fruit juice products.
Exclusion of Quantum Coherence as the Origin of the 2D Metallic State in High-Mobility Silicon Inversion Layers
Creators: name: Bauer, G.
name: Brunthaler, G.
name: Prinz, A.
name: Pudalov, V. M.
Publisher: name: The American Physical Society
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: 530

description: Physical Review Letters
華埠通訊 Vol. 02, Issue 10, June 1996
Creators: name: Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association (Victoria, B.C.)
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Immigrants
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/967712
subject: Group identity
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/948442
subject: Associations, institutions, etc.
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/819166
subject: Communities
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1430092
subject: Community development
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/870818
subject: Neighborhoods
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1715963
subject: Small business
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1121223

description: Start of the newsletter with vol. 1, issue 1 in April of 1993. Published bi-monthly by the Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association.
Possibilities for Anaerobic Digestion of Slaughter Waste and Flotates for Biomethane Production
Creators: name: Philipp, Maximilian
name: Ackermann, Helene
name: Barbana, Nesrine
name: Pluschke, Jonas
name: Geißen, Sven Uwe
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::690 Hausbau, Bauhandwerk::690 Hausbau, Bauhandwerk
subject: anaerobic digestion
subject: slaughter wastewater
subject: slaughter waste
subject: bio gas
subject: methane potential

description: Anaerobic digestion for biomethane production is an important tool regarding sustainable energy production. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the substrate composition and operating parameters on biomethane production during anaerobic digestion, focusing on the use of flotates and slaughterhouse waste as substrates with a high organic content. A novelty here was the use of a moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) with circulation pump for the anaerobic treatment of flotates, slaughter waste (SW), and their mixture. Flotates and waste from slaughterhouses offer a substrate with a high organic content. In this work, it was shown that both substrates provide a high biochemical methane potential (BMP). The highest methane yield was achieved by mixing both substrates. In continuous operation, special challenges arose, due to the high nitrogen and fat content of the substrates. These could be overcome by mixing the substrates and using a circulation pump in the reactor for improved back-mixing. As a result, the highest average methane yield of 0.65 NLCH4·gTS eli−1 was achieved in mesophilic operation at an organic loading rate (OLR) of 4.2 gTS·L−1·d−1.
Stellar progenitors of black holes: insights from optical and infrared observations
Creators: name: Mirabel, I. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here are reviewed the insights from observations at optical and infrared wavelengths for low mass limits above which stars do not seem to end as luminous supernovae. These insights are: (1) the absence in archived images of nearby galaxies of stellar progenitors of core-collapse supernovae above 16-18 solar masses, (2) the identification of luminous-massive stars that quietly disappear without optically bright supernovae, (3) the absence in the nebular spectra of supernovae of type II-P of the nucleosynthetic products expected from progenitors above 20 solar masses, (4) the absence in color magnitude diagrams of stars in the environment of historic core-collapse supernovae of stars with >20 solar masses. From the results in these different areas of observational astrophysics, and the recently confirmed dependence of black hole formation on metallicity and redshift of progenitors, it is concluded that a large fraction of massive stellar binaries in the universe end as binary black holes.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, in press, New Frontiers in Black Hole Astrophysics. Proceedings IAU Symposium No 324, 2017. Andreja Gomboc \& Carole Mundell, eds.}
The rates of growth in a hyperbolic group
Creators: name: Fujiwara, Koji
name: Sela, Zlil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the countable set of rates of growth of a hyperbolic group with respect to all its finite generating sets. We prove that the set is well-ordered, and that every real number can be the rate of growth of at most finitely many generating sets up to automorphism of the group. We prove that the ordinal of the set of rates of growth is at least $ω^ω$, and in case the group is a limit group (e.g., free and surface groups), it is $ω^ω$. We further study the rates of growth of all the finitely generated subgroups of a hyperbolic group with respect to all their finite generating sets. This set is proved to be well-ordered as well, and every real number can be the rate of growth of at most finitely many isomorphism classes of finite generating sets of subgroups of a given hyperbolic group. Finally, we strengthen our results to include rates of growth of all the finite generating sets of all the subsemigroups of a hyperbolic group.
Josephson Effect in MgB2 Break Junctions
Creators: name: Calzolari, A.
name: Daghero, D.
name: Gonnelli, R. S.
name: Stepanov, V. A.
name: Ummarino, G. A.
Publisher: name: The American Physical Society
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: 530

description: Physical Review Letters