cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Phenomenological study of a gauged ${L_μ-L_τ}$ model with a scalar leptoquark
Creators: name: Chen, Chuan-Hung
name: Chiang, Cheng-Wei
name: Su, Chun-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A $Z'$ gauge boson with sub-GeV mass has acquired a significant interest in phenomenology, particularly in view of the muon $g-2$ anomaly and coherent elastic neutrino-nucleon scattering. The latter is challenged by the nuclear recoil energy of a few tens of keV but has been observed by the COHERENT experiment. To further reconcile the observed excesses in $R(D^{(*)})$ from semileptonic charmful $B$ decays and in the $W$ boson mass, we investigate a model with a gauged $U(1)_{L_μ-L_τ}$ symmetry and a scalar leptoquark. In contrast to the mechanism that involves kinetic mixing between the gauge bosons of $U(1)_{\rm em}$ and $U(1)_{L_μ-L_τ}$, we adopt a dynamical symmetry breaking of $U(1)_{L_μ-L_τ}$ by incorporating an additional Higgs doublet. Through mixing with the $U(1)_{L_μ-L_τ}$-charged Higgs doublet, new Higgs decay channels $h\to Z_1 Z_1/Z_1 Z_2$ occur at percent-level branching ratios, which could be accessible at the LHC. The $W$-mass anomaly observed by CDF II can be potentially resolved through the enhancement in the oblique parameter $T$. Due to the flavored gauge symmetry, the introduced scalar leptoquark $S^{\frac{1}{3}}=(\bar{3},1,2/3)$ exhibits a unique coupling to the $τ$-lepton, offering an explanation for the excesses observed in $R(D^{(*)})$. Moreover, $τ\to μ(Z_1\to ) e^- e^+$ via the resonant light gauge boson decay can reach the sensitivity of Belle II at an integrated luminosity of 50 ab$^{-1}$.
description: 50 pages, 10 figures, typos corrected and references added
Statistics of Feynman amplitudes in $ϕ^4$-theory
Creators: name: Balduf, Paul-Hermann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81T18, 81Q30, 05C30

description: The amplitude of subdivergence-free logarithmically divergent Feynman graphs in $ϕ^4$-theory in 4 spacetime dimensions is given by a single number, the Feynman period. We numerically compute the periods of 1.3 million completed graphs, this represents more than 33 million graphs contributing to the beta function. Our data set includes all primitive graphs up to 13 loops, and non-complete samples up to 18 loops, with an accuracy of ca. 4 significant digits. We implement all known symmetries of the period in a new computer program and count them up to 14 loops. Combining the symmetries, we discover relations between periods that had been overlooked earlier. All expected symmetries are respected by the numerical values of periods. We examine the distribution of the numerically computed Feynman periods. We confirm the leading asymptotic growth of the average period with growing loop order, up to a factor of 2. At high loop order, a limiting distribution is reached for the amplitudes near the mean. A small class of graphs, most notably the zigzags, grows significantly faster than the mean and causes the limiting distribution to have divergent moments even when normalized to unit mean. We examine the relation between the period and various properties of the underlying graphs. We confirm the strong correlation with the Hepp bound, the Martin invariant, and the number of 6-edge cuts. We find that, on average, the amplitude of planar graphs is significantly larger than that of non-planar graphs, irrespective of $O(N)$ symmetry. We estimate the primitive contribution to the 18-loop beta function of the $O(N)$-symmetric theory. We find that primitive graphs constitute a large part of the beta function in MS for $L\rightarrow \infty$ loops. The relative contribution of planar graphs increases with growing $N$ and decreases with growing loop order $L$.
description: 72 pages, 65 figures, 17 tables
Possible ambient kinematics
Creators: name: Morand, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a seminal paper, Bacry and Lévy-Leblond classified kinematical algebras, a class of Lie algebras encoding the symmetries of spacetime. Homogeneous spacetimes (infinitesimally, Klein pairs) associated to these possible kinematics can be partitioned into four families -- riemannian, lorentzian, galilean and carrollian -- based on the type of invariant metric structure they admit. In this work, we classify possible ambient kinematics -- defined as extensions of kinematical algebras by a scalar ideal -- as well as their associated Klein pairs. Kinematical Klein pairs arising as quotient space along the extra scalar ideal are said to admit a lift into the corresponding ambient Klein pair. While all non-galilean Klein pairs admit a unique -- trivial and torsion-free -- higher-dimensional lift, galilean Klein pairs are constructively shown to admit lifts into two distinct families of ambient Klein pairs. The first family includes the bargmann algebra as well as its curved/torsional avatars while the second family is novel and generically allows lifts into torsional ambient spaces. We further comment on the relation between these two families and the maximally symmetric family of leibnizian Klein pairs.
description: 48 pages, 14 tables, 1 figure; Matches published version
Target-oriented least-squares reverse-time migration with Marchenko redatuming and double-focusing: Field data application
Creators: name: Shoja, Aydin
name: van der Neut, Joost
name: Wapenaar, Kees
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, the focus of reflection seismologists has shifted to applications where a high-resolution image of the subsurface is required. Least-Squares Reverse-Time Migration (LSRTM) is a common tool used to compute such images. Still, its high computational costs have led seismologists to use target-oriented LSRTM for imaging only a small target of interest within a larger subsurface block. Redatuming the data to the upper boundary of the target of interest is one approach to target-oriented LSRTM. Still, many redatuming methods cannot account for multiple scattering within the overburden. We apply a target-oriented least-squares reverse time migration algorithm that integrates Marchenko redatuming and double-focusing to a field dataset. This redatuming method accounts for all orders of multiple scattering in the overburden, thus improving the accuracy of target-oriented LSRTM. Moreover, we demonstrate the effectiveness of a double-focusing algorithm in reducing the data size by decreasing both spatial and temporal dimensions of the model and the data. The algorithm's performance is evaluated using field data acquired in the Norwegian Sea. The numerical results show that our target-oriented LSRTM algorithm can reduce the internal multiple effects and increase the resolution of the resulting image.
description: This preprint has been published at Geophysics journal as: Aydin Shoja, Joost van der Neut, and Kees Wapenaar, (2024), "Target-oriented least-squares reverse-time migration with Marchenko redatuming and double-focusing: Field data application," GEOPHYSICS, vol 89, NO. 3, P 1-8
Supporting Information from DualPhos: a versatile,chemoselective reagent for two-carbon aldehyde to latent (E)-alkenal homologation and application in the total synthesis of phomolide G
Creators: name: McLeod, David
name: McNulty, James
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30306 Synthesis of Materials
subject: 30499 Medicinal and Biomolecular Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: 30503 Organic Chemical Synthesis

description: Advances on the use of the 2-pinacolacetal-tripropylphosphonium salt DualPhos as a general reagent for the two-carbon aldehyde to alkenal homologation and a chemoselective iron (III) chloridemediated deprotection are described. The strategy allows isolation of the latent alkenal intermediates or direct hydrolysis to (E)-alkenals. The robust chemical stability of the latent alkenals is demonstrated in a total synthesis of the macrolactone phomolide G.
SPINEX: Similarity-based Predictions and Explainable Neighbors Exploration for Regression and Classification Tasks in Machine Learning
Creators: name: Naser, M. Z.
name: albashiti, M. K.
name: Naser, A. Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The field of machine learning (ML) has witnessed significant advancements in recent years. However, many existing algorithms lack interpretability and struggle with high-dimensional and imbalanced data. This paper proposes SPINEX, a novel similarity-based interpretable neighbor exploration algorithm designed to address these limitations. This algorithm combines ensemble learning and feature interaction analysis to achieve accurate predictions and meaningful insights by quantifying each feature's contribution to predictions and identifying interactions between features, thereby enhancing the interpretability of the algorithm. To evaluate the performance of SPINEX, extensive experiments on 59 synthetic and real datasets were conducted for both regression and classification tasks. The results demonstrate that SPINEX achieves comparative performance and, in some scenarios, may outperform commonly adopted ML algorithms. The same findings demonstrate the effectiveness and competitiveness of SPINEX, making it a promising approach for various real-world applications.
Phase-space analysis of torsion-coupled dilatonic ghost condensate
Creators: name: Gonzalez-Espinoza, Manuel
name: Otalora, Giovanni
name: Leyva, Yoelsy
name: Saavedra, Joel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied the cosmological dynamics of a dilatonic ghost condensate field as a source of dark energy, which is non-minimally coupled to gravity through torsion. We performed a detailed phase-space analysis by finding all the critical points and their stability conditions. Also, we compared our results with the latest $H(z)$ and Supernovae Ia observational data. In particular, we found the conditions for the existence of scaling regimes during the dark matter era. Furthermore, we obtained the conditions for a successful exit from the scaling regime, such that, at late times, the universe tends towards an attractor point describing the dark energy-dominated era. These intriguing features can allow us to alleviate the energy scale problem of dark energy since, during a scaling regime, the field energy density is not necessarily negligible at early times.
description: 12 pages, 16 figures, 3 Tables. Updated to match the published version in EPJC
ModeT: Learning Deformable Image Registration via Motion Decomposition Transformer
Creators: name: Wang, Haiqiao
name: Ni, Dong
name: Wang, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Transformer structures have been widely used in computer vision and have recently made an impact in the area of medical image registration. However, the use of Transformer in most registration networks is straightforward. These networks often merely use the attention mechanism to boost the feature learning as the segmentation networks do, but do not sufficiently design to be adapted for the registration task. In this paper, we propose a novel motion decomposition Transformer (ModeT) to explicitly model multiple motion modalities by fully exploiting the intrinsic capability of the Transformer structure for deformation estimation. The proposed ModeT naturally transforms the multi-head neighborhood attention relationship into the multi-coordinate relationship to model multiple motion modes. Then the competitive weighting module (CWM) fuses multiple deformation sub-fields to generate the resulting deformation field. Extensive experiments on two public brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) datasets show that our method outperforms current state-of-the-art registration networks and Transformers, demonstrating the potential of our ModeT for the challenging non-rigid deformation estimation problem. The benchmarks and our code are publicly available at https://github.com/ZAX130/SmileCode.
description: Early accepted by MICCAI 2023
Disorder effects on the so-called Andreev band in Majorana nanowires
Creators: name: Sarma, Sankar Das
name: Pan, Haining
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We comment on a recent publication Phys. Rev. Lett. 130, 207001 (2023), pointing out that the periodic model for the superconducting gap and/or the spin splitting used by the authors is artificial and does not apply to any real systems. In addition, we show that the resulting Andreev band introduced by this artificial and unrealistic periodicity is suppressed by the potential disorder invariably present in all experimental systems. The results of this model are therefore contrived and do not apply to any experimental system.
description: 2 pages, 1 figure
Images from disk and spherical accretions of hairy Schwarzschild black holes
Creators: name: Meng, Yuan
name: Kuang, Xiao-Mei
name: Wang, Xi-Jing
name: Wang, Bin
name: Wu, Jian-Pin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A hairy Schwarzschild black hole describes the deformation of Schwarzschild black hole due to including additional sources. It is found that depending on the hairy parameters, the photons' configurations around this black hole can be classified into two cases, corresponding to the hairy Schwarzschild black hole with single photon sphere and double photon spheres, respectively. We focus on the shadows and images of the hairy Schwarzschild black hole under two types of static thin illuminations conditions: disk accretion and spherical accretion, respectively. Under both illuminations, the two hairy parameters ($α$ and $l_o$) have competitive effects on the shadow and optical appearance image of the hairy Schwarzschild black hole with single photon sphere. This means that even though the parameters have significant influences on the rings and shadows, its images with certain groups of $α$ and $l_o$ could be indistinguishable to that of Schwarzschild black hole, namely, the degeneracies of images raise between the hairy Schwarzschild black hole and Schwarzschild black hole. Moreover, the optical appearance image of the hairy Schwarzschild black hole with double photon spheres will exhibit new additional rings and accretion features, which {are not} present in the images of (hairy) Schwarzschild black hole with single photon sphere. Our theoretical studies on the rings and shadows provide a potential tool to differentiate the hairy Schwarzschild black hole with double photon spheres from Schwarzschild black hole, but they are not always helpful for the cases with single photon sphere due to the degeneracies.
description: 17 pages; 18 pages, version accepted for publication in Phys.Rev.D
Adaptive Ordered Information Extraction with Deep Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Huang, Wenhao
name: Liang, Jiaqing
name: Li, Zhixu
name: Xiao, Yanghua
name: Ji, Chuanjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Information extraction (IE) has been studied extensively. The existing methods always follow a fixed extraction order for complex IE tasks with multiple elements to be extracted in one instance such as event extraction. However, we conduct experiments on several complex IE datasets and observe that different extraction orders can significantly affect the extraction results for a great portion of instances, and the ratio of sentences that are sensitive to extraction orders increases dramatically with the complexity of the IE task. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel adaptive ordered IE paradigm to find the optimal element extraction order for different instances, so as to achieve the best extraction results. We also propose an reinforcement learning (RL) based framework to generate optimal extraction order for each instance dynamically. Additionally, we propose a co-training framework adapted to RL to mitigate the exposure bias during the extractor training phase. Extensive experiments conducted on several public datasets demonstrate that our proposed method can beat previous methods and effectively improve the performance of various IE tasks, especially for complex ones.
description: Accepted to ACL 2023 Findings
GRAPHICS APPLICATIONS OF EMERGENT BEHAVIOR OF NATURE-INSPIRED MODELS
Creators: name: Ferdousi, Bushra
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 460702
subject: Computer graphics

description: Nature-inspired models are an exciting and innovative area of research that explores the patterns and behaviors found in organic systems. These models demonstrate emergent behaviors that result in naturalistic patterns similar to those found in nature, making them widely applicable in various graphics applications and visualization techniques.In the literature review, the behavior and structure of each nature-inspired model applied in computational art, graphics techniques, and visualization are described in detail. The taxonomy developed through the analysis of the similarities and differences among these models guides the research approach towards two specific nature-inspired models: Physarum and Differential Growth.
The Physarum model is implemented based on particle systems in graphics applications, which allows for the emergence of unique behaviors. These behaviors are similar to those found in social conflict behavior observed in artificial life systems. An extension of the Physarum model with Reaction-Diffusion texture generation produces patterns similar to those found in structures such as seashells and angelfish.Differential growth is simulated in a particle system coupled with a vector field, creating an interactive software for pattern formation. This software enables users to adjust the parameters of the vector field and differential growth to create patterns observed in organic systems, such as kale leaves. The research aims to determine whether this software is understandable and usable for users to create patterns effectively.The taxonomy developed in this study is a valuable resource for researchers, computational artists, and programmers to experiment with nature-inspired models governing complex rules and pattern formation. These models can be applied in graphics techniques such as animation, texture mapping, and artistic designs for exploration purposes.In conclusion, nature-inspired models have proven to be an innovative and effective way to create naturalistic patterns in various graphics applications and visualization techniques. The research conducted in this study provides valuable insights into the behavior and structure of these models and how they can be developed further to create new and exciting designs.
In-medium Electromagnetic Form Factors and Spin Polarizations
Creators: name: Lin, Shu
name: Tian, Jiayuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate the coupling between fermion spin and background electromagnetic fields using form factors. We show that the vacuum form factors at tree level reproduce the spin polarization effects found in chiral kinetic theory. The vacuum form factors corresponding to spin couplings to perpendicular electric field, parallel and perpendicular magnetic field are degenerate. The degeneracy is expected to be lifted in medium. As an example, we calculate the in-medium QCD radiative correction to the form factors at one-loop order, where we find partial lift of the degeneracy: the spin couplings to parallel and perpendicular magnetic field are different, but the spin couplings to perpendicular electric and parallel magnetic field remain the same.
Prospects of $CP$ violation in $Λ$ decay with polarized electron beam at STCF
Creators: name: Zeng, Sheng
name: Xu, Yue
name: Zhou, Xiao Rong
name: Qin, Jia Jia
name: Zheng, Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on $1.89 \times 10^8$ $J/ψ\rightarrow Λ\barΛ$ Monte Carlo (MC) events produced from a longitudinally-polarized electron beam, the sensitivity of $CP$ violation of $Λ$ decay is studied with fast simulation software. In addition, the $J/ψ\rightarrow Λ\barΛ$ decay can also be used as a process to optimize the detector response using the interface provided by the fast simulation software. In the future, STCF is expected to obtain 3.4 trillion $J/ψ$ events, and the statistical sensitivity of $CP$ violation of $Λ$ decay via $J/ψ\rightarrow Λ\barΛ$ process is expected to reach $\mathcal O$~$(10^{-5})$ when the electron beam polarization is 80\%.
Bias-Free Estimation of Signals on Top of Unknown Backgrounds
Creators: name: Diehl, Johannes
name: Knollmüller, Jakob
name: Schulz, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a method for obtaining unbiased signal estimates in the presence of a significant unknown background, eliminating the need for a parametric model for the background itself. Our approach is based on a minimal set of conditions for observation and background estimators, which are typically satisfied in practical scenarios. To showcase the effectiveness of our method, we apply it to simulated data from the planned dielectric axion haloscope MADMAX.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables (v2 corresponds to the published version)
title: 02_0850
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Does the Heterogeneity of Project Implementers Affect the Programme Participation of Beneficiaries?: Evidence from Rural Cambodia
Creators: name: Wakano, Ayako
name: Yamada, Hiroyuki
name: Shimamoto, Daichi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: This study employs the dataset collected for the assessment of a post-harvest technology project in rural Cambodia and focuses on the heterogeneous preferences of project implementers, frequently overlooked in the literature on programme evaluation studies. We focus on the ‘implementer effect’ on the programme participation of the treated farmers. We demonstrate that the heterogeneous programme participation of ordinary farmers could be induced due to heterogeneity in the characteristics of the project staff. In particular, we indicate that the baseline altruism of the project staff, measured by the dictator game, consistently increases the participation rate and the number of participations in the training sessions of beneficiaries. This type of heterogeneity in project staffs’ preferences across treatment sites could be a source of treatment heterogeneity for programmes conducted at a certain cluster level. While few studies have focused on the heterogeneity of programme implementers, our empirical results indicate that the preference of implementers could be a source of treatment heterogeneity and imply the importance of implementation of an actual project.
Temperature-independent almost perfect photon entanglement from quantum dots via the SUPER scheme
Creators: name: Bracht, Thomas K.
name: Cygorek, Moritz
name: Seidelmann, Tim
name: Axt, Vollrath Martin
name: Reiter, Doris E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entangled photon pairs are essential for quantum communication technology. They can be generated on-demand by semiconductor quantum dots, but several mechanisms are known to reduce the degree of entanglement. While some obstacles like the finite fine-structure splitting can be overcome by now, the excitation scheme itself can impair the entanglement fidelity. Here, we demonstrate that the swing-up of quantum emitter population (SUPER) scheme applied to a quantum dot in a cavity yields almost perfectly entangled photons. The entanglement degree remains robust against phonon influences even at elevated temperatures, due to decoupling of the excitation and emission process. With this achievement, quantum dots are ready to be used as entangled photon pair sources in applications requiring high degrees of entanglement up to temperatures of about $80\,$K.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures + appendix
Complex translation methods and its application to resonances for quantum walks
Creators: name: Higuchi, Kenta
name: Morioka, Hisashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81U24, 47A75

description: In this paper, some properties of resonances for multi-dimensional quantum walks are studied. Resonances for quantum walks are defined as eigenvalues of complex translated time evolution operators in the pseudo momentum space. For some typical cases, we show some results of existence or nonexistence of resonances. One is a perturbation of an elastic scattering of a quantum walk which is an analogue of classical mechanics. Another one is a shape resonance model which is a perturbation of a quantum walk with a non-penetrable barrier.
Hodge diamonds of the Landau--Ginzburg orbifolds
Creators: name: Basalaev, Alexey
name: Ionov, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Consider the pairs $(f,G)$ with $f = f(x_1,\dots,x_N)$ being a polynomial defining a quasihomogeneous singularity and $G$ being a subgroup of ${\rm SL}(N,\mathbb{C})$, preserving $f$. In particular, $G$ is not necessary abelian. Assume further that $G$ contains the grading operator $j_f$ and $f$ satisfies the Calabi-Yau condition. We prove that the nonvanishing bigraded pieces of the B-model state space of $(f,G)$ form a diamond. We identify its topmost, bottommost, leftmost and rightmost entries as one-dimensional and show that this diamond enjoys the essential horizontal and vertical isomorphisms.
title: assiette A3 (Barrier  Luginbühl 2021)
Creators: name: Bibracte
Publisher: name: Conservatoire National des Données 3D (CND3D)
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: assiette

description: Assiette à bord oblique  parcouru par une baguette. Imitation de Consp. 1 (sigillée).
Impact of Long Run Exposure to Television on Homicides: Some Evidence from Brazil
Creators: name: Chong, Alberto
name: Yañez-Pagans, Mónica
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: This paper focuses on the link between television coverage and violent crime, in particular, homicides in Brazil, a country where crime has grown dramatically in recent decades. Using Census data for the period 1980–2000, the paper finds that people living in areas covered by television signal have significantly lower rates of homicides. The effect is strongest for men of lower socioeconomic status.
Do Natural Disasters Open a Window of Opportunity for Corruption?
Creators: name: Nguyen, Quang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This study explores the link between natural disasters and corruption at the local government level. We examine whether a natural disaster affects official households more favourably than non-official households. We find that natural disasters decrease nonofficial household expenditures significantly, however, they have negligible effect on official household expenditures. Meanwhile, both kinds of households experience similar reduction in incomes, and have much the same disaster coping strategies. Together, the results imply that local officials may receive unobserved monetary compensation – we define as corruption – in the aftermath of natural disasters.
title: assiette A3 (Barrier  Luginbühl 2021)
Creators: name: Luginbühl, Thierry
name: Barrier, Sylvie
Publisher: name: Conservatoire National des Données 3D (CND3D)
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: assiette
subject: Artefact
subject: ACQUISITION

description: Modèle 3D
Walking the tightrope. Combining family life, career and job mobility
Creators: name: Lück, Detlev
Publisher: name: Journal of Family Research
Year: 2010

description: The article examines the ways in which job mobility affects the relationship between dual careers and parenthood and the ability of couples to realise both. Based on survey data from the project Job Mobilities and Family Lives in Europe for six countries (Germany, France, Spain, Poland, Switzerland, Belgium), bivariate analyses compare ratios of couples with children and/or one or two careers between couples confronted with job mobility in the husband’s or wife’s job and those who have no such mobility. Multivariate analyses test the influence of job mobility and other relevant circumstances on female employment as well as on having children. Indicators measuring respondents’ subjective evaluation of the influences are reviewed to confirm the results. The results suggest that couples tend to be childless rather than give up one partner’s job if the two goals are incompatible. Job mobility, as with other unfavourable circumstances, reduces the ability of couples to combine both, and this ability is much more reduced if the woman is job mobile than if the man is. In addition, national context matters for level of compatibility and for strength of effects. Zusammenfassung Der Artikel untersucht den Einfluss beruflich bedingter Mobilität auf das Verhältnis von Doppelverdienern und Elternschaft und auf die Fähigkeit von Paaren, beides zu realisieren. Anhand von Umfragedaten des Projektes Job Mobilities and Family Lives in Europe für sechs Länder (Deutschland, Frankreich, Spanien, Polen, Schweiz, Belgien) vergleichen bivariate Analysen Paare, die entweder durch den Beruf des Mannes oder den der Frau mit Mobilität konfrontiert sind, mit Paaren, die nicht davon betroffen sind, hinsichtlich der Anteile von Eltern, von Ein- und von Doppelverdiener-Paaren. Multivariate Analysen testen den Einfluss von beruflicher Mobilität und anderen relevanten Bedingungen auf die Erwerbstätigkeit von Frauen sowie auf Elternschaft. Indikatoren werden gesichtet, die die Beurteilung der Befragten erfassen, um die Befunde zu erhärten. Der Artikel kommt zu dem Schluss, dass Paare eher kinderlos bleiben als eine der beiden Erwerbstätigkeiten aufzugeben, wenn beides nicht miteinander vereinbar ist. Ähnlich wie andere nachteilige Umstände vermindert berufliche Mobilität die Fähigkeit von Paaren, beides zu vereinbaren. Wenn die Frau beruflich mobil ist, ist der Effekt weitaus stärker, als wenn der Mann mobil ist. Auch der nationale Kontext macht einen Unterschied: sowohl für den Grad der Vereinbarkeit im Allgemeinen wie auch für die Stärke der Effekte.
description: Journal of Family Research, Vol 22 No 2 (2010): Mobility and family
On electromagnetic turbulence and transport in STEP
Creators: name: Giacomin, Maurizio
name: Kennedy, Daniel
name: Casson, Francis J
name: J., Ajay C.
name: Dickinson, David
name: Patel, Bhavin S.
name: Roach, Colin M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we present first-of-their-kind nonlinear local gyrokinetic simulations of electromagnetic turbulence at mid-radius in the burning plasma phase of the conceptual high-$β$, reactor-scale, tight-aspect-ratio tokamak STEP (Spherical Tokamak for Energy Production). A prior linear analysis in D. Kennedy et al. 2023 Nucl. Fusion 63 126061 reveals the presence of unstable hybrid kinetic ballooning modes, where inclusion of the compressional magnetic field fluctuation, $δB_{\parallel}$, is crucial, and subdominant microtearing modes are found at binormal scales approaching the ion-Larmor radius. Local nonlinear gyrokinetic simulations on the selected surface in the central core region suggest that hybrid kinetic ballooning modes can drive large turbulent transport, and that there is negligible turbulent transport from subdominant microtearing modes when hybrid kinetic ballooning modes are artificially suppressed (through the omission of $δB_{\parallel}$). Nonlinear simulations that include perpendicular equilibrium flow shear can saturate at lower fluxes that are more consistent with the available sources in STEP. This analysis suggests that hybrid kinetic ballooning modes could play an important role in setting the turbulent transport in STEP, and possible mechanisms to mitigate turbulent transport are discussed. Increasing the safety factor or the pressure gradient strongly reduces turbulent transport from hybrid kinetic ballooning modes in the cases considered here. Challenges of simulating electromagnetic turbulence in this high-$β$ regime are highlighted. In particular the observation of radially extended turbulent structures in the absence of equilibrium flow shear motivates future advanced global gyrokinetic simulations that include $δB_\parallel$.
Quantum Criticality in Open Quantum Spin Chains with Nonreciprocity
Creators: name: Begg, Samuel E.
name: Hanai, Ryo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the impact of nonreciprocity on universality and critical phenomena in open quantum interacting many-body systems. Nonreciprocal open quantum systems often have an exotic spectral sensitivity to boundary conditions, known as the Liouvillian skin effect (LSE). By considering an open quantum XXZ spin chain that exhibits LSE, we demonstrate the existence of a universal scaling regime that is not affected by the presence of the LSE. We resolve the critical exponents, which differ from those of free fermions, via tensor network methods and demonstrate that observables exhibit a universal scaling collapse, irrespective of the reciprocity. We find that the LSE only becomes relevant when a healing length scale $ξ_{\rm heal}$ at the system's edge (which is different to the localization length of the eigenstate of the Liouvillian) exceeds the system size, allowing edge properties to dominate the physics. We expect this result to be a generic feature of nonreciprocal models in the vicinity of a critical point. The driven-dissipative quantum criticality we observe has no classical analogue and stems from the existence of multiple dark states.
description: 5 + 9 pages, 4 + 8 figures
The Complexity of Marriage in Rural Ethiopia: Parental Transfers and Post-marital Residence Choices
Creators: name: Abbi Kedir
name: Oterová, Andrea
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: This paper examines the relationship between parental transfers and post-marital residence of children in rural Ethiopia. We investigate whether asset transfers to children are an avenue which parents use to secure old age. We model post-marital residence and transfers simultaneously in a two-stage probit least squares estimation framework. We find a positive relationship between transfers and post-marital residence, a proxy for old age support. Children who receive more assets are more likely to stay at birth place after marriage and vice versa. In conditions of scarce or lacking social security mechanisms, parents make strategic transfers to ensure better old age.
Transparency Pays? Evaluating the Effects of the Freedom of Information Laws on Perceived Government Corruption
Creators: name: Vadlamannati, Krishna Chaitanya
name: Arusha Cooray
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: About 90 countries have adopted Freedom of Information (FOI) laws with the objective of facilitating citizens’ right to access information on government activities expeditiously. It is argued that FOI laws increase transparency and fix accountability of the government. We provide quantitative evidence on the impact of FOI laws on perceived government corruption. Using panel data for 132 countries over the 1990–2011 period, we find that adopting FOI laws after controlling for self-section bias, is associated with an increase in perceived government corruption driven by an increase in detection of corrupt acts. In fact, FOI laws appear to increase the perception of government corruption if combined with a higher degree of media freedom, presence of NGO activism and political competition. However, the perception of government corruption tends to decline with the duration of FOI law adoption. These findings are robust to controlling for endogeneity using instrumental variables, alternative samples and estimation methods.
Processing emotions in sounds: cross-domain aftereffects of vocal utterances and musical sounds
Creators: name: Casady Bowman
name: Yamauchi, Takashi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Nonlinguistic signals in the voice and musical instruments play a critical role in communicating emotion. Although previous research suggests a common mechanism for emotion processing in music and speech, the precise relationship between the two domains is unclear due to the paucity of direct evidence. By applying the adaptation paradigm developed by Bestelmeyer, Rouger, DeBruine, and Belin [2010. Auditory adaptation in vocal affect perception. Cognition, 117(2), 217–223. doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2010.08.008], this study shows cross-domain aftereffects from vocal to musical sounds. Participants heard an angry or fearful sound four times, followed by a test sound and judged whether the test sound was angry or fearful. Results show cross-domain aftereffects in one direction – vocal utterances to musical sounds, not vice-versa. This effect occurred primarily for angry vocal sounds. It is argued that there is a unidirectional relationship between vocal and musical sounds where emotion processing of vocal sounds encompasses musical sounds but not vice-versa.
Non-equilibrium attractor for non-linear stochastic dynamics
Creators: name: Patrón, A.
name: Sánchez-Rey, B.
name: Trizac, E.
name: Prados, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamical behaviour of mesoscopic systems in contact with a thermal bath, described either via a non-linear Langevin equation at the trajectory level -- or the corresponding Fokker-Planck equation for the probability distribution function at the ensemble level. Our focus is put on one-dimensional -- or $d$-dimensional isotropic -- systems in confining potentials, with detailed balance -- fluctuation-dissipation thus holds, and the stationary probability distribution has the canonical form at the bath temperature. When quenching the bath temperature to low enough values, a far-from-equilibrium state emerges that rules the dynamics over a characteristic intermediate timescale. Such a long-lived state has a Dirac-delta probability distribution function and attracts all solutions over this intermediate timescale, in which the initial conditions are immaterial while the influence of the bath is still negligible. Numerical evidence and qualitative physical arguments suggest that the above picture extends to higher-dimensional systems, with anisotropy and interactions.
description: Minor revision, accepted for publication in EPL, 7 pages, 2 figures, supplemental material as an ancillary file
The mixed coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equation on the half-line via the Fokas method - Supplemental an online Appendix
Creators: name: T. Economou
name: D. B. Stephenson
name: J. C. Rougier
name: R. A. Neal
name: K. R. Mylne
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Appendix. The asymptotic behaviour of {µj(x,t,k)}13
Thermal phonon fluctuations and stability of the magnetic dual chiral density wave phase in dense QCD
Creators: name: Ferrer, E. J
name: Gyory, W.
name: de la Incera, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the stability against thermal phonon fluctuations of the magnetic dual chiral density wave (MDCDW) phase, an inhomogeneous phase arising in cold dense QCD in a magnetic field. Following a recent study that demonstrated the absence of the Landau-Peierls (LP) instability from this phase, we calculate the (threshold) temperature at which the phonon fluctuations wash out the long-range order over a range of magnetic fields and densities relevant to astrophysical applications. Using a high-order Ginzburg-Landau expansion, we find that the threshold temperature is very near the critical temperature for fields of order $10^{18}$ G, and still a sizable fraction of the critical temperature for fields of order $10^{17}$ G. Therefore, at sufficiently large magnetic fields, the long-range order of the MDCDW phase is preserved over most of the parameter space where it is energetically favored; at smaller magnetic fields, the long-range order is still preserved over a considerable region of parameter space relevant to compact stars. We provide general symmetry arguments to explain why a magnetic field alone is not enough to eliminate the LP instability that characterizes single-modulated phases in 3+1 dimensions.
description: A new discussion was added on the roles of magnetic fields and condensate symmetry-breaking in eliminating the LP instability
Decoherence of a matter-wave interferometer due to dipole-dipole interactions
Creators: name: Fragolino, Paolo
name: Schut, Martine
name: Toroš, Marko
name: Bose, Sougato
name: Mazumdar, Anupam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Matter-wave interferometry with nanoparticles will enable the development of quantum sensors capable of probing ultraweak fields with unprecedented applications for fundamental physics. The high sensitivity of such devices however makes them susceptible to a number of noise and decoherence sources and as such can only operate when sufficient isolation from the environment is achieved. It is thus imperative to model and characterize the interaction of nanoparticles with the environment and to estimate its deleterious effects. The aim of this paper will be to study the decoherence of the matter-wave interferometer due to dipole-dipole interactions which is one of the unavoidable channels for decoherence even for a neutral micro-crystal. We will start the analysis from QED and show that it reduces to the scattering model characterized by the differential cross-section. We will then obtain simple expressions for the decoherence rate in the short and long wavelength limits that can be readily applied to estimate the available coherence time. We will conclude by applying the obtained formulae to estimate the dipole-dipole decoherence rate for the Quantum Gravity-induced Entanglement of Masses (QGEM) protocol and discuss if the effects should be mitigated.
description: 21 pages, 4 figures