cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
NoPose-NeuS: Jointly Optimizing Camera Poses with Neural Implicit Surfaces for Multi-view Reconstruction
Creators: name: Sabae, Mohamed Shawky
name: Baraka, Hoda Anis
name: Hadhoud, Mayada Mansour
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Learning neural implicit surfaces from volume rendering has become popular for multi-view reconstruction. Neural surface reconstruction approaches can recover complex 3D geometry that are difficult for classical Multi-view Stereo (MVS) approaches, such as non-Lambertian surfaces and thin structures. However, one key assumption for these methods is knowing accurate camera parameters for the input multi-view images, which are not always available. In this paper, we present NoPose-NeuS, a neural implicit surface reconstruction method that extends NeuS to jointly optimize camera poses with the geometry and color networks. We encode the camera poses as a multi-layer perceptron (MLP) and introduce two additional losses, which are multi-view feature consistency and rendered depth losses, to constrain the learned geometry for better estimated camera poses and scene surfaces. Extensive experiments on the DTU dataset show that the proposed method can estimate relatively accurate camera poses, while maintaining a high surface reconstruction quality with 0.89 mean Chamfer distance.
Il Procedimento di separazione personale dei coniugi
Creators: name: Tabasco, Barbara
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2008

description: Il presente studio ha tentato di delineare il procedimento di separazione giudiziale risultante dalle modifiche introdotte dalla legge n. 80/2005 e successive modificazioni.
Scopo della riforma era quello di differenziare il procedimento in esame da quello di divorzio, ma il confronto tra le regole contenute negli artt. 706-709bis c.p.c. e nell’art. 4 l. div. mostra che la disciplina processuale dei giudizi di separazione continua a modellarsi, quasi interamente, su quella di divorzio e che le differenze sono, talora, soltanto sintattiche o lessicali.
Ciononostante, la riforma dei procedimenti in esame merita, sotto certi aspetti, una valutazione favorevole, poiché risolve, con un tratto di penna, questioni che da tempo si trascinavano nella prassi.
QoE modeling for Voice over IP: Simplified E-model Enhancement Utilizing the Subjective MOS Prediction Model
Creators: name: Daengsi, Therdpong
name: Wuttidittachotti, Pongpisit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This research proposes an enhanced measurement method for VoIP quality assessment which provides an improvement to accuracy and reliability. To improve the objective measurement tool called the simplified E-model for the selected codec, G.729, it has been enhanced by utilizing a subjective MOS prediction model based on native Thai users, who use the Thai-tonal language. Then, the different results from the simplified E-model and subjective MOS prediction model were used to create the Bias function, before adding to the simplified E-model. Finally, it has been found that the outputs from the enhanced simplified E-model for the G.729 codec shows better accuracy when compared to the original simplified E-model, specially, after the enhanced model has been evaluated with 4 test sets. The major contribution of this enhancement is that errors are reduced by 58.87 % when compared to the generic simplified E-model. That means the enhanced simplified E-model as proposed in this study can provide improvement beyond the original simplified one significantly.
description: 14 pages
Relationship between macroscopic physical properties and local distortions of low doping La{1-x}Ca{x}MnO3: an EXAFS study
Creators: name: Jiang, Y.
name: Bridges, F.
name: Downward, L.
name: Neumeier, J. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A temperature-dependent EXAFS investigation of La{1-x}Ca{x}MnO3 is presented for the concentration range that spans the ferromagnetic-insulator (FMI) to ferromagnetic-metal (FMM) transition region, x = 0.16-0.22. The samples are insulating for x = 0.16-0.2 and show a metal/insulator transition for x = 0.22. All samples are ferromagnetic although the saturation magnetization for the 16% Ca sample is only ~ 70% of the expected value at 0.4T. We find that the FMI samples have similar correlations between changes in the local Mn-O distortions and the magnetization as observed previously for the colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) samples (0.2 < x < 0.5) - except that the FMI samples never become fully magnetized. The data show that there are at least two distinct types of distortions. The initial distortions removed as the insulating sample becomes magnetized are small and provides direct evidence that roughly 50% of the Mn sites have a small distortion/site and are magnetized first. The large remaining Mn-O distortions at low T are attributed to a small fraction of Jahn-Teller-distorted Mn sites that are either antiferromagnetically ordered or unmagnetized. Thus the insulating samples are very similar to the behavior of the CMR samples up to the point at which the M/I transition occurs for the CMR materials. The lack of metallic conductivity for x <= 0.2, when 50% or more of the sample is magnetic, implies that there must be preferred magnetized Mn sites and that such sites do not percolate at these concentrations.
description: 27 pages, 8 figures, to be submitted to Phys. Rev. B
Investigating the Impact of Multi-Physics on Modeled Planetary Boundary Layer Height Estimates During the PECAN Field Campaign
Creators: name: Pan, Keming
name: Arellano, Avelino F.
name: Guo, Yafang
name: Demoz, Belay
Publisher: name: AMS
Year: 2024

description: Accurate representation of the planetary boundary layer (PBL) in numerical weather prediction is crucial to air quality, weather forecasting and climate change research and operations. Here, we evaluate the estimates of PBL Height (PBLH) from a set of convective-permitting simulations conducted using the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) model during the Plain Elevated Convection at Night (PECAN) campaign (June to mid-July 2015). Our analysis aims to quantify the variability in PBLH, along with its associated surface variables and atmospheric profiles, to gauge the influence of model physics on the accuracy of simulated PBL properties. Specifically, we conducted twenty-four 45-day retrospective simulations encompassing different combinations of three PBL and two microphysics schemes, two initial and boundary condition (ICBC) datasets, and two model vertical grid spacings. We compare these simulations with measurements from surface sites and radiosonde launches across four sites in the Southern Great Plains during PECAN. Our findings indicate that deriving PBLH from modeled atmospheric profiles yields a narrower spread (200-300m) compared to PBLH calculated from the model's PBL scheme (400-500m) relative to radiosonde-derived PBLH under fair-weather conditions. The choice of PBL scheme and ICBCs exerts the most significant impact (by up to 400m) on the spread of modeled PBLH and associated atmospheric profiles, primarily influencing the representation of surface heating, transport, and mixing processes in the model. The model has difficulty reproducing the correct thermodynamic profile under cloud-intense conditions. These results underscore the benefit of using the physically-consistent approach in retrieving, evaluating, and assimilating PBLH estimates, as well as the utility of multi-physics to better address model uncertainties.
Measuring Value Alignment
Creators: name: Barez, Fazl
name: Torr, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As artificial intelligence (AI) systems become increasingly integrated into various domains, ensuring that they align with human values becomes critical. This paper introduces a novel formalism to quantify the alignment between AI systems and human values, using Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) as the foundational model. We delve into the concept of values as desirable goals tied to actions and norms as behavioral guidelines, aiming to shed light on how they can be used to guide AI decisions. This framework offers a mechanism to evaluate the degree of alignment between norms and values by assessing preference changes across state transitions in a normative world. By utilizing this formalism, AI developers and ethicists can better design and evaluate AI systems to ensure they operate in harmony with human values. The proposed methodology holds potential for a wide range of applications, from recommendation systems emphasizing well-being to autonomous vehicles prioritizing safety.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2110.09240 by other authors
Gaining analytic control of parton showers
Creators: name: Bauer, Christian W.
name: Tackmann, Frank J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Parton showers are widely used to generate fully exclusive final states needed to compare theoretical models to experimental observations. While, in general, parton showers give a good description of the experimental data, the precise functional form of the probability distribution underlying the event generation is generally not known. The reason is that realistic parton showers are required to conserve four-momentum at each vertex. In this paper we investigate in detail how four-momentum conservation is enforced in a standard parton shower and why this destroys the analytic control of the probability distribution. We show how to modify a parton shower algorithm such that it conserves four-momentum at each vertex, but for which the full analytic form of the probability distribution is known. We then comment how this analytic control can be used to match matrix element calculations with parton showers, and to estimate effects of power corrections and other uncertainties in parton showers.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, v2: final journal version
Effects of the quantisation ambiguities on the Big Bounce dynamics
Creators: name: Hrycyna, Orest
name: Mielczarek, Jakub
name: Szydlowski, Marek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate dynamics of the modified loop quantum cosmology models using dynamical systems methods. Modifications considered come from the choice of the different field strength operator $\hat{F}$ and result in different forms of the effective Hamiltonian. Such an ambiguity of the choice of this expression from some class of functions is allowed in the framework of loop quantisation. Our main goal is to show how such modifications can influence the bouncing universe scenario in the loop quantum cosmology. In effective models considered we classify all evolutional paths for all admissible initial conditions. The dynamics is reduced to the form of a dynamical system of the Newtonian type on a 2-dimensional phase plane. These models are equivalent dynamically to the FRW models with the decaying effective cosmological term parametrised by the canonical variable $p$ (or by the scale factor $a$). We find that for the positive cosmological constant there is a class of oscillating models without the initial and final singularities. The new phenomenon is the appearance of curvature singularities for the finite values of the scale factor, but we find that for the positive cosmological constant these singularities can be avoided. For the positive cosmological constant the evolution begins at the asymptotic state in the past represented by the deSitter contracting (deS$_{-}$) spacetime or the static Einstein universe H=0 or $H=-\infty$ state and reaches the deSitter expanding state (deS$_{+}$), the state H=0 or $H=+\infty$ state. In the case of the negative cosmological constant we obtain the past and future asymptotic states as the Einstein static universes.
description: RevTeX4, 28 pages, 11 figs; rev.2 new section on exact solutions; (v3) published version
QoE Modeling Associated with QoS Impairment Parameters in 5G Networks
Creators: name: Daengsi, Therdpong
name: Sirawongphatsara, Patsita
name: Pornpongtechavanich, Phisit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper aims to propose the quality of experience (QoE) models based on the expectation and/or the perception of 5G users to evaluate for mean opinion score (MOS) for real-time or interactive services/applications with high reliability. Therefore, Based on the fundamental QoE concept, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) decision making technique has been applied.
description: 3 pages
Additional file 1 of Pharmacists’ perceptions and attitudes toward drug importation into the State of Florida
Creators: name: Hertig, John B.
name: Jochem, Jade M.
name: Long, Allissa M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Survey tool questions.
Social Enterprise and Democracy in China: The Case of Environmental Nonprofit Organizations
Creators: name: Xie, Ming
name: Eikenberry, Angela M.
Publisher: name: De Gruyter
Year: 2024

description: China is an important example in contemporary society regarding the power relations between government, nonprofit organizations and social enterprise, and the development of civil society and democracy in transitional and authoritarian regimes. Scholars have raised concerns about the impact of a growing reliance on social enterprise on democratic participation and outcomes. This work has largely focused on the US, UK, and other Western democracies. Some scholars alternatively suggest that social enterprise may help organizations to become more independent from the state, alleviating fund-seeking pressure and facilitating the development of civil society. Focusing on lessons learned through three case studies of environmental nonprofit organizations in China, this chapter examines how these organizations have responded to neoliberalization, leveraged social enterprise, and developed public participation. Data shows that the organizations studied adopted developmental approaches to embrace or resist neoliberalization and practice social enterprise and demonstrated limited autonomy and democratic participation.
Lateral ventricle size, smooth pursuit eye tracking and neuropsychological test performance in chronic schizophrenia
Creators: name: Shepard Tallman, Karen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The relationships between lateral ventricle size, smooth pursuit eye tracking, and neuropsychological test performance were investigated using a sample of 30 chronic schizophrenic inpatients. There were no significant correlations between any of the measures. Compared to a control group of normal volunteers, the schizophrenic patients showed abnormally poor eye tracking accuracy but did not show lateral ventricular enlargement. Compared to a group of age matched non-schizophrenic psychiatric patients, the schizophrenic patients were impaired on six out of ten neuropsychological tests. As there was no evidence of lateral ventricle enlargement, it is clear that eye tracking impairment and deficits on neuropsychological tests may occur independently of enlarged lateral ventricles. The absence of relationships between impairments on the neuropsychological tests and poor eye tracking is not thought to be the result of restricted performance ranges for any of the measures. The most parsimonious conclusion is that there is no relationship between eye tracking and the variety of neuropsychological functions assessed in this study. However, an alternative possibility is that the study sample was too homogeneously impaired, and a relationship between eye tracking impairment and neuropsychological deficits might emerge in a more diverse sample representative of the range of individuals currently diagnosed as schizophrenic.
SupplementaryMaterials and Genome annotations for Bedoya&Leaché 2021
Creators: name: Bedoya, Ana Maria
name: Leaché, Adam D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 60408 Genomics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Materials for Bedoya et al., 2020 includes:
Supplemental Methods: Methods for population genomic analyses using ddRADseq data. Library preparation and sequencing, data assembly, clustering analysis and phylogenetic inference. References included.Table S1: Voucher Information and accession numbers for samples used for genome sequencingTable S2: Summary statistics for the 10X Chromium, Chicago, and Dovetail Hi-C dataTable S3: BUSCO statistic for the HOL and SNOW top 11 scaffolds, SuperNova and HiRise assembliesTable S4: Coding genes located in the pericentric inversion in chromosome seven in Sceloporus tristichus as annotated with FunannotateTable S5: Sceloporus tristichus samples included in the ddRADseq dataset.Table S6: Summary of the ddRADseq reference-based assembly using ipyradTable S7: Number of Sceloporus tristichus ddRADseq loci (and SNPs) mapping to scaffolds in the S. tristichus (SNOW) genome.Table S8: Summary of the SNP data used for maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis in RaxMLFigure S1: Assembly contiguity comparisons of the HiC HiRise assemblies from DoveTail Genomics for HOL and SNOWFigure S2: Link density histogram for paired-end reads for HOL and SNOWFigure S3: Alignments of the 6 macrochromosomes of S. tristichus from HOL and SNOW assembled in this study and the top 6 putative chromosomes in the reference S. undulates genomeFigure S4: Alignments of the 6 microchromosomes of S. tristichus from HOL and SNOW assembled in this study and the 5 putative microchromosomes in the reference S. undulates genomeFigure S5: Eigenvalues from the PCA analysis of SNP data using adegenetFigure S6: PCA scatterplot of the SNP data using adegenetFigure S7: Spatial distribution of PCA results of the SNP data using adegenetFigure S8: BIC scores for K clusters in adegenetFigure S9: DAPC clustering results (k=2–4) for Sceloporus tristichus estimated using adegenetFigure S10: Concatenated phylogenetic analysis of the SNP data using RaxML with an acquisition bias correction model
Genome annotations are for SNOW and HOL
Additional file 1 of Embracing challenging complexity: exploring handwashing behavior from a combined socioecological and intersectional perspective in Sierra Leone
Creators: name: Lanfer, Hanna Luetke
name: Reifegerste, Doreen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Description of determinants of handwashing within the SEM.
Symplectic decomposition from submatrix determinants
Creators: name: Pereira, Jason L.
name: Banchi, Leonardo
name: Pirandola, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An important theorem in Gaussian quantum information tells us that we can diagonalise the covariance matrix of any Gaussian state via a symplectic transformation. Whilst the diagonal form is easy to find, the process for finding the diagonalising symplectic can be more difficult, and a common, existing method requires taking matrix powers, which can be demanding analytically. Inspired by a recently presented technique for finding the eigenvectors of a Hermitian matrix from certain submatrix eigenvalues, we derive a similar method for finding the diagonalising symplectic from certain submatrix determinants, which could prove useful in Gaussian quantum information.
description: 10 pages, supplementary files available at https://github.com/softquanta/symplectic_decomposition
The experience of women at the University of British Columbia, 1906-1956
Creators: name: Stewart, Lee Jean
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This study of the coeducational experience of women at the University of British Columbia from 1916 to 1956 is threefold. It examines how the institution adapted to the female presence, the ways women assimilated or accommodated themselves to their environment, and the relationship of the changing climate of social expectations of women to the purposes of women's education and their experience at university. The study is placed in both a thematic and a regional context. The thematic framework is suggested by the historiography concerned with women's admission to universities in the nineteenth century. This literature establishes the role of the "uncompromising" and "separatist" feminists, partisan politics, public opinion, social definitions of femininity, and institutional structures in determining the form and content of women's education. The social, economic and political factors that account for the development of higher education in the province define the regional context. This study finds that separatist feminists exerted a significant influence in defining women's education in the early part of the twentieth century. However, social, political and economic considerations guided the establishing of Nursing and Home Economics Departments at UBC. Institutional modifications such as the appointment of a Dean of Women and the building of women's residences, similarly depended on practical economic solutions to appease feminist agitation. Irrespective of the equality that is implied by coeducation, social expectations of women continued to act as obstacles to women's participation in higher education and ensured their secondary status. Female students devised strategies to ease the contradictory expectations of the academic and the social community. They chose nonconformity to gender expectations, conformity to standards of femininity, the precarious balance of double conformity to academic and feminine standards, and separatist feminism to redress the inequity of women's secondary status within higher education.
Metal-Enhanced Fluorescence (MEF): Physical characterization of Silver-island films and exploring sample geometries
Creators: name: Pribik, R.
name: Dragan, A. I.
name: Zhang, Y.
name: Gaydos, C.
name: Geddes, Chris
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2009

description: In this study we have analyzed metal-enhanced fluorescence (MEF) effects from different density Silver-island films (SiFs) and the effects of sample geometry on the observed enhancement of fluorescence (EF). It is shown that silver islands grow exponentially with SiF deposition time (DT<5min), optical density of SiFs almost linearly depends on DT; electrical conductivity is zero. At DT>5min, silver islands merge, exhibiting a sharp increase in electrical conductivity. It has been shown that the newly proposed SiF sample geometry exhibits higher EF values than the commonly used in MEF studies SiF–SiF sample geometry. The SiF–glass geometry demonstrates high sensitivity for surface immunoassays, a growing application of metal-enhanced fluorescence.
Directional Surface Plasmon Coupled Luminescence for Analytical Sensing Applications: Which Metal, What Wavelength, What Observation Angle?
Creators: name: Aslan, Kadir
name: Geddes, Chris
Publisher: name: ACS
Year: 2009

description: The ability of luminescent species in the near-field to both induce and couple to surface plasmons has been known for many years, with highly directional emission from films (Surface Plasmon Coupled Luminescence, SPCL) facilitating the development of sensitive near-field assay sensing platforms, to name but just one application. Because of the near-field nature of the effect, only luminescent species (fluorescence, chemiluminescence and phosphorescence) within a few hundred nanometers from the surface play a role in coupling, which in terms of biosensing, provides for limited penetration into optically dense media, such as in whole blood. Another attractive feature is the highly polarized and angular dependent emission which allows both fixed angle and wavelength dependent emission angles to be realized at high polarization ratios. In this paper, a generic procedure based on theoretical Fresnel calculations, which outlines the step-by-step selection of an appropriate metal for SPCL applications is presented. It is also shown that 11 different metals have differing properties in different spectral regions and offer either fixed angle or wavelength-dependent angular shifts in emission. In addition, it is shown that both chemiluminescence and phosphorescence can also be observed in a highly directional manner similar to coupled fluorescence.
Drivers of on-the-water recreational fishing site choice in New South Wales, Australia
Creators: name: Navarro, Matthew L.
name: Langlois, Tim J.
name: Murphy, Jeff
name: Ochwada-Doyle, Faith A.
name: Navarro, Matthew L.
name: Langlois, Tim J.
name: Murphy, Jeff
name: Ochwada-Doyle, Faith A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: recreational fisheries
subject: random utility model
subject: travel cost
subject: non-market valuation
subject: site-choice model

description: To effectively manage recreational fisheries, managers require an understanding of the drivers of recreational fisher behaviour. In this preliminary study, we explore drivers of recreational fishing site choice in New South Wales (NSW), Australia. In contrast to previous site choice studies, we investigate whether cues of fishing quality (e.g., depth and rugosity), as opposed to catch expectations can be used to explain site choices. We find that recreational fishers in NSW were more likely to visit sites with lower travel cost, greater water depths, and with fish aggregation devices (FADs). Unsurprisingly, the effect of FADs was particularly pronounced on trips targeting pelagic species. This working paper provides some preliminary evidence that cues of fishing quality could be used to explain site choices, but further research is needed particularly involving higher resolution data on habitats that are likely to be important site quality cues.
Metal-enhanced chemiluminescence: advanced chemiluminescence concepts for the 21st century
Creators: name: Aslan, Kadir
name: Geddes, Chris
Publisher: name: Royal Society of Chemistry
Year: 2009

description: Chemiluminescent-based detection is entrenched throughout the biosciences today, such as in blotting, analyte and protein quantification and detection. While the biological applications of chemiluminescence are forever growing, the underlying principles of using a probe, an oxidizer and a catalyst (biological, organic or inorganic) have remained mostly unchanged for decades. Subsequently, chemiluminescence-based detection is fundamentally limited by the classical photochemical properties of reaction yield, quantum yield, etc. However, over the last 5 years, a new technology has emerged which looks set to fundamentally change the way we both think about and use chemiluminescence today. Metal surface plasmons can amplify chemiluminescence signatures, while low-power microwaves can complete reactions within seconds. In addition, thin metal films can convert spatially isotopic chemiluminescence into directional emission. In this forward looking tutorial review, we survey what could well be the next-generation chemiluminescent-based technologies.
Structural and functional characterization of CSDA protein complexes involved in the modulation of fetal globin gene expression
Creators: name: Gaudino, Sara
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2009

description: Impaired switching from fetal hemoglobin (HbF) to adult globin gene expression leads to hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin (HPFH) in adult life. This is of prime interest because elevated HbF levels ameliorate beta-thalassemia and sickle cell anemia. Fetal hemoglobin levels are regulated by complex mechanisms involving factors linked or not to the beta-globin gene locus. To search for factors putatively involved in gamma-globin gene expression, we examined the reticulocyte transcriptome of three siblings who had different HbF levels and different degrees of beta-thalassemia severity although they had the same alpha- and beta-globin gene cluster genotypes. Using a differential mRNA display approach, we identified a cDNA of the cold shock domain protein A (CSDA), a trans-acting factor previously reported to interact in vitro with the gamma-globin gene promoter. Real time quantitative analysis in the three patients and CSDA expression studies in the human erythroleukemic K562 cell line showed an inverse relationship between gamma-globin and CSDA mRNA levels. Our study demonstrates that CSDA acts as a repressor of gamma-globin genes in vivo and is a novel quantitative trait locus for HPFH. We expect our findings pave the way to novel therapeutic strategies, based on gene-silencing, for the treatment of hemoglobinopathies.
Surface plasmon coupled chemiluminescence from zinc substrates: Directional chemiluminescence
Creators: name: Aslan, Kadir
name: Geddes, Chris
Publisher: name: AIP
Year: 2009

description: In this letter, the observation of surface plasmon coupled directional chemiluminescence (SPCC) from zinc thin films is reported. Fresnel calculations predict that light in the ultraviolet and visible spectral range can induce surface plasmon modes in 30 nm zinc thin films. Free-space emission from blue and green chemiluminescent solutions on zinc thin films was isotropic, and the SPCC emission was highly directional and p-polarized in accordance with the Fresnel calculations. In addition, the decay rates of the free-space and SPCC emission were similar, which suggests that zinc thin films have no catalytic effect on chemiluminescence.
Thickness Estimation of Epitaxial Graphene on SiC using Attenuation of Substrate Raman Intensity
Creators: name: Shivaraman, Shriram
name: Chandrashekhar, M. V. S.
name: Boeckl, John J.
name: Spencer, Michael G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple, non-invasive method using Raman spectroscopy for the estimation of the thickness of graphene layers grown epitaxially on silicon carbide (SiC) is presented, enabling simultaneous determination of thickness, grain size and disorder using the spectra. The attenuation of the substrate Raman signal due to the graphene overlayer is found to be dependent on the graphene film thickness deduced from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy of the surfaces. We explain this dependence using an absorbing overlayer model. This method can be used for mapping graphene thickness over a region and is capable of estimating thickness of multilayer graphene films beyond that possible by XPS and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES).
description: 14 pages, 9 figures
Strong coupling in semiconductor hyperbolic metamaterials
Creators: name: Sohr, Patrick
name: Wei, Dongxia
name: Wang, Zhengtianye
name: Law, Stephanie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Semiconductor-based layered hyperbolic metamaterials (HMMs) house high-wavevector volume plasmon polariton (VPP) modes in the infrared spectral range. VPP modes have successfully been exploited in the weak-coupling regime through the enhanced Purcell effect. In this paper, we experimentally demonstrate strong coupling between the VPP modes in a semiconductor HMM and the intersubband transition of epitaxially-embedded quantum wells. We observe clear anticrossings in the dispersion curves for the zeroth-, first-, second-, and third-order VPP modes, resulting in upper and lower polariton branches for each mode. This demonstration sets the stage for the creation of novel infrared optoelectronic structures combining HMMs with embedded epitaxial emitter or detector structures.
Molecular characterization of a novel role of p63 in controlling BMP signaling during embryonic skin development
Creators: name: De Rosa, Laura
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2009

description: p63, a p53 family member, plays an essential role in epidermal development by regulating its transcriptional program. Here we report a previously uncovered role of p63 in controlling BMP/Smad signaling, which we find to be essential for maintaining low expression levels of several non-epidermal genes. P63 represses transcription of the inhibitory Smad7, thereby sustaining BMP signaling. In the absence of p63, compromised BMP signaling leads to inappropriate non-epidermal gene expression in postnatal mouse keratinocytes and in embryonic epidermis. Reactivation of BMP signaling by Smad7 knockdown and/or –to a lesser extent– by BMP treatment suppresses expression of non-epidermal genes in the absence of p63. Canonical BMP/Smad signaling is essential for control of non-epidermal genes as use of a specific inhibitor, or simultaneous knockdown of Smad1 and Smad5 counteract suppression of non-epidermal genes. Our data indicate that p63 prevents ectopic expression of non-epidermal genes by a conserved mechanism involving Smad7 repression and consequent enhancement of BMP/Smad signaling. Human syndromes caused by mutations in p63 gene resemble the phenotype of p63 knock-out mice characterized by ectodermal dysplasia, split hand/foot malformation and orofacial clefting. To understand the molecular defects of AEC syndrome, in our laboratory has been generated a knock-in mouse model for AEC syndrome. We searched for the expression of non-epidermal genes and known direct targets of p63 such as Bmp7 and Smad7 in AEC mutant mice. We found that neither non-epidermal genes or Bmp7 and Smad7 change their expression in this mouse model. Interestingly, we observed that known targets of p63 did not change their expression in AEC mutant mice. Here, we found that AEC mutation affects gene expression of small group of genes. Among them we identify p53 family members, p73 that is inhibited in AEC mutant epidermis demonstrating that p73 is a direct targets of p63.
Separation of the visible and dark matter in the Einstein ring LBG J213512.73-010143
Creators: name: Dye, Simon
name: Smail, Ian
name: Swinbank, A. M.
name: Ebeling, H.
name: Edge, A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We model the mass distribution in the recently discovered Einstein ring LBG J213512.73-010143 (the `Cosmic Eye') using archival Hubble Space Telescope imaging. We reconstruct the mass density profile of the z=0.73 lens and the surface brightness distribution of the z=3.07 source and find that the observed ring is best fit with a dual-component lens model consisting of a baryonic Sersic component nested within a dark matter halo. The dark matter halo has an inner slope of 1.42+/-0.23, consistent with CDM simulations after allowing for baryon contraction. The baryonic component has a B-band mass-to-light ratio of 1.71+0.28-0.38 (solar units) which when evolved to the present day is in agreement with local ellipticals. Within the Einstein radius of 0.77'' (5.6 kpc), the baryons account for (46+/-11)% of the total lens mass. External shear from a nearby foreground cluster is accurately predicted by the model. The reconstructed surface brightness distribution in the source plane clearly shows two peaks. Through a generalisation of our lens inversion method, we conclude that the redshifts of both peaks are consistent with each other, suggesting that we are seeing structure within a single galaxy.
description: Accepted by MNRAS. 14 pages and 4 figures
Gene expression profiles during thyroid embryonic development
Creators: name: Parrillo, Luca
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2009

description: Congenital Hypothyroidism (CH) is commonly due to structural defects of thyroid gland, collectively known as thyroid dysgenesis. Defects in growth and/or differentiation of the thyroid primordium can result in an absent (athyreosis) or hypoplastic thyroid; an impaired migration of thyroid precursor cells causes an ectopic gland (Van Vliet G, 2003). The clinical picture of thyroid dysgenesis thus suggests that defects of the specification, survival and movement of thyroid precursor cells are the key aberrations in CH. Understanding the regulation of early thyroid morphogenesis is thus important to elucidate the pathogenesis of CH. Murine models with target inactivation of the transcription factors Nkx2.1, Pax8, Foxe1 and Hhex expressed in thyroid progenitor cells and in the adult gland have demonstrated their important functions in thyroid development (De Felice M and Di Lauro R, 2004). Even though the thyroid is specified in each of these models it later disappears suggesting a role of these transcription factors also in the survival and expansion of the thyroid progenitors cell population. However, very few germ-line mutations have been detected in the corresponding genes of human patients with thyroid dysgenesis (Al Taji et al., 2007) suggesting the importance of additional genes. The aim of this thesis has been to discovery these genes by an unbiased search for transcripts enriched in the early thyroid primordium. Mouse thyroid primordia at the bud stage (E10.5) were isolated by laser capture microdissection (LCM). In parallel, RNA from whole embryos was obtained. RNA was amplified and labelled; samples were hybridized to Affymetrix microarrays. Bioinformatic analysis tools identified over 3000 transcripts as significantly enriched in the thyroid bud as compared to expression in the whole embryo. Such an enrichment is expressed as Fold Change (FC), 450 transcripts out 3000 displayed a FC >5. High and restricted expression of several of these in the E10.5 thyroid bud was confirmed experimentally by in situ hybridization on mouse embryos. This preliminary analysis indicates that the list has a high degree of validity. By this approach I have identified a large number of transcripts enriched in the embryonic thyroid bud with currently unknown functions in its development. This list will be an important resource in further efforts to elucidate the genetic networks that govern thyroid morphogenesis and might underlie CH.
Epigenetic dynamics of Helicobacter pylori-induced COX-2 activation
Creators: name: Peluso, Silvia
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2009

description: Background and Aims: Cyclooxigenase (COX)-2 is over expressed in gastrointestinal neoplasia and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is casually linked to gastric cancer. We undertook this study to investigate the mechanism mediating H. pylori-induced COX-2 expression in human gastric epithelial cell line MKN28. Methods: MKN28 cells were infected with wild-type H. pylori 60190 strain for different time points, and the levels of COX-2 messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression were evaluated using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blotting, respectively. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were performed to evaluate the level of histone modifications and the recruitment of histone deacetylases (HDACs) 1, and 2, nuclear transcription factor (NF-κB) and RNA polymerse II (PolII) to the COX-2 promoter. The technique of MALDI-TOF MS was used to determine the methylation analysis of CpG islands of the COX-2 promoter. Results: H. pylori induced a time-dependent increase of mRNA and protein expression of COX-2 in MKN28 cells. Furthermore, H. pylori-infected gastric epithelial cells showed dynamic changes of methylation and acetylation pattern of histone H3 at the promoter of COX-2 gene. Preventing histone deacetylation by the histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA) augumented the H. pylori-induced COX-2 response. After exposure to H. pylori, we found a decreased in global histone deacetylase expression and activity. The hyperacetylation of histone H3 correlate with the release of HDAC 1, which first decreased and later reappeared at the COX-2 promoter. Moroever after H. pylori infection, NF-κB and RNA polymerase II were time-dependently recruited to the COX-2 promoter. In addition we show a dynamic changes in the methylaion status of promoter CpGs. Conclusions: These results show for the first time that H. pylori-induced activation of COX-2 gene transcription was caused by interference with epigenetic mechanisms regulating COX-2 gene accessibility. These patways may contribute to the host response in H. pylori-associated gastric inflammation and carcinogenesis.
Building bridges between
 Open Science policy and practice
Creators: name: Tatum, Clifford
name: Wouters, Paul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: open scholarship
persistent identifiers
research evaluation
keyword mapping
research policy
openness profile

description: There is increasing recognition of the scope of cultural change needed to realize the European vision for Open Science policy. Key challenges include contemporary modes of recognition and reward that are out of step with principles of open science [1] and identification of numerous disincentives, at the individual level, regarding adoption of increased openness [2]. These obstacles raise questions about implementation of top-down policy in general, and the European Commission's open science policy in particular: Where does the European notion of Open Science come from? In what ways is open science policy informed by the science of science? And what role is there for ongoing, bottom-up contributions to open scholarship? This project examines foundational European policy documents in relation to published research on open science, and outlines a bridge to better understanding of openness practices through recognition[3] of those already doing open science.

[1] European Commission. 2017. “Evaluation of Research Careers Fully Acknowledging Open Science Practices; Rewards, Incentives and/or Recognition for Researchers Practicing Open Science.” Directorate-General for Research and Innovation Open Science and ERA policy. https://ec.europa.eu/research/openscience/pdf/os_rewards_wgreport_final.pdf

[2] Leonelli, Sabina. 2017. “European Commission: MLE on Open Science: Altmetrics and Rewards – Incentives and Rewards to Engage in Open Science Activities.” Brussels: Directorate-General for Research and Innovation. https://rio.jrc.ec.europa.eu/en/file/11619/download?token=uiOzNZM_

[3] the Openness Profile is presently under development by the Knowledge Exchange working group on Open Scholarship and Research Evaluation - http://knowledge-exchange.info
Additional file 1 of Distance matters: barriers to antenatal care and safe childbirth in a migrant population on the Thailand-Myanmar border from 2007 to 2015, a pregnancy cohort study
Creators: name: Steinbrook, Eric
name: Min, Myo Chit
name: Kajeechiwa, Ladda
name: Wiladphaingern, Jacher
name: Paw, Moo Kho
name: Pimanpanarak, Mu Paw Jay
name: Hiranloetthanyakit, Woranit
name: Min, Aung Myat
name: Tun, Nay Win
name: Gilder, Mary Ellen
name: Nosten, François
name: McGready, Rose
name: Parker, Daniel M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental Text 1. Estimating clinic catchment areas (standard deviational ellipses). Supplementary Figure 1. Histogram of distances to antenatal (ANC) clinics. Supplementary Figure 2. Maps indicating catchment areas for the clinics over time. Supplementary Table 1. Table of variables. Supplementary Table 2. Negative binomial regression stratified by distance (sensitivity analysis). Supplementary Table 3. Negative binomial regression stratified by time. Supplementary Table 4. Negative binomial regression stratified by nation of origin (Thailand or Myanmar). Supplementary Table 5. Summary statistics for distance to clinic by year and clinic. Supplementary Table 6. Summary statistics for number of consultations (NOC) by distance.
Metal-enhanced bioluminescence: An approach for monitoring biological luminescent processes
Creators: name: Eltzov, Evgeni
name: Prilutsky, Daria
name: Kushmaro, Ariel
name: Marks, Robert S.
name: Geddes, Chris
Publisher: name: AIP
Year: 2009

description: In this letter, the observation of metal (plasmon)-enhanced bioluminescence is reported. Bacteria, which are capable of generating specific bioluminescence signatures upon metabolic changes (general toxicity), have been studied from both glass and silvered glass microwell bottoms, where the silvered microwells have been modified with surface deposited silver island films (SiFs). The presence of the SiFs plasmon amplifies the near-field bioluminescence signatures, ?<50?nm from the surface, enabling amplified detection of the reporter bioluminescence indicating sample toxicity. Using our approach a greater than fivefold enhancement in far-field bioluminescence occurs with much greater enhancements in the near-field predicted.
Consequential LCA for territorial and multimodal transportation policies: method and application to the free-floating e-scooter disruption in Paris
Creators: name: de Bortoli, Anne
name: Christoforou, Zoi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The indirect environmental impacts of transport disruptions in urban mobility are frequently overlooked due to a lack of appropriate assessment methods. Consequential Life Cycle Assessment (CLCA) is a method to capture the environmental consequences of the entire cause and effect chain of these disruptions but has never been adapted to transportat disruption at the city scale. This paper proposes a mathematical formalization of CLCA applied to a territorial mobility change. The method is applied to quantify the impact on climate change of the breakthrough of free-floating e-scooters (FFES) in Paris. A FFES user survey is conducted to estimate the modal shifts due to FFES. Trip substitutions from all the Parisian modes concerned are considered - personal or shared bicycles and motor scooters, private car, taxi and ride-hailing, bus, streetcar, metro and RER (the Paris metropolitan area mass rapid transit system). All these Parisian modes are assessed for the first time using LCA. Final results estimate that over one year, the FFES generated an extra thirteen thousand tons of CO2eq under an assumption of one million users, mainly due to major shifts coming from lower-emitting modes (60% from the metro and the RER, 22% from active modes). Recommendations are given to enhance their carbon footprint. A scenario analysis shows that increasing the lifetime mileage is insufficient to get a positive balance: reducing drastically servicing emissions is also required. A sensitivity analysis switching the French electricity mix for eleven other country mixes suggests a better climate change effect of the FFES in similar metropolitan areas with higher electricity carbon intensity, such as in Germany and China. Finally, the novelty and the limits of the method are discussed, as well as the results and the role of e-scooters, micromobility, and shared vehicles towards a sustainable mobility.