cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
CFLOBDDs: Context-Free-Language Ordered Binary Decision Diagrams
Creators: name: Sistla, Meghana
name: Chaudhuri, Swarat
name: Reps, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents a new compressed representation of Boolean functions, called CFLOBDDs (for Context-Free-Language Ordered Binary Decision Diagrams). They are essentially a plug-compatible alternative to BDDs (Binary Decision Diagrams), and hence useful for representing certain classes of functions, matrices, graphs, relations, etc. in a highly compressed fashion. CFLOBDDs share many of the good properties of BDDs, but--in the best case--the CFLOBDD for a Boolean function can be exponentially smaller than any BDD for that function. Compared with the size of the decision tree for a function, a CFLOBDD--again, in the best case--can give a double-exponential reduction in size. They have the potential to permit applications to (i) execute much faster, and (ii) handle much larger problem instances than has been possible heretofore.
 CFLOBDDs are a new kind of decision diagram that go beyond BDDs (and their many relatives). The key insight is a new way to reuse sub-decision-diagrams: components of CFLOBDDs are structured hierarchically, so that sub-decision-diagrams can be treated as standalone ''procedures'' and reused.
 We applied CFLOBDDs to the problem of simulating quantum circuits, and found that for several standard problems the improvement in scalability--compared to simulation using BDDs--is quite dramatic. In particular, the number of qubits that could be handled using CFLOBDDs was larger, compared to BDDs, by a factor of 128x for GHZ; 1,024x for BV; 8,192x for DJ; and 128x for Grover's algorithm. (With a 15-minute timeout, the number of qubits that CFLOBDDs can handle are 65,536 for GHZ, 524,288 for BV; 4,194,304 for DJ; and 4,096 for Grover's Algorithm.)
description: 144 pages
Methods for Recovering Conditional Independence Graphs: A Survey
Creators: name: Shrivastava, Harsh
name: Chajewska, Urszula
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Conditional Independence (CI) graphs are a type of probabilistic graphical models that are primarily used to gain insights about feature relationships. Each edge represents the partial correlation between the connected features which gives information about their direct dependence. In this survey, we list out different methods and study the advances in techniques developed to recover CI graphs. We cover traditional optimization methods as well as recently developed deep learning architectures along with their recommended implementations. To facilitate wider adoption, we include preliminaries that consolidate associated operations, for example techniques to obtain covariance matrix for mixed datatypes.
Flying Bird Object Detection Algorithm in Surveillance Video Based on Motion Information
Creators: name: Sun, Ziwei
name: Hua, Zexi
name: Li, Hengcao
name: Zhong, Haiyan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A Flying Bird Object Detection algorithm Based on Motion Information (FBOD-BMI) is proposed to solve the problem that the features of the object are not obvious in a single frame, and the size of the object is small (low Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR)) in surveillance video. Firstly, a ConvLSTM-PAN model structure is designed to capture suspicious flying bird objects, in which the Convolutional Long and Short Time Memory (ConvLSTM) network aggregated the Spatio-temporal features of the flying bird object on adjacent multi-frame before the input of the model and the Path Aggregation Network (PAN) located the suspicious flying bird objects. Then, an object tracking algorithm is used to track suspicious flying bird objects and calculate their Motion Range (MR). At the same time, the size of the MR of the suspicious flying bird object is adjusted adaptively according to its speed of movement (specifically, if the bird moves slowly, its MR will be expanded according to the speed of the bird to ensure the environmental information needed to detect the flying bird object). Adaptive Spatio-temporal Cubes (ASt-Cubes) of the flying bird objects are generated to ensure that the SNR of the flying bird objects is improved, and the necessary environmental information is retained adaptively. Finally, a LightWeight U-Shape Net (LW-USN) based on ASt-Cubes is designed to detect flying bird objects, which rejects the false detections of the suspicious flying bird objects and returns the position of the real flying bird objects. The monitoring video including the flying birds is collected in the unattended traction substation as the experimental dataset to verify the performance of the algorithm. The experimental results show that the flying bird object detection method based on motion information proposed in this paper can effectively detect the flying bird object in surveillance video.
On the stability and convergence of Discontinuous Galerkin schemes for incompressible flow
Creators: name: Gazca-Orozco, Pablo Alexei
name: Kaltenbach, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The property that the velocity $\boldsymbol{u}$ belongs to $L^\infty(0,T;L^2(Ω)^d)$ is an essential requirement in the definition of energy solutions of models for incompressible fluids. It is, therefore, highly desirable that the solutions produced by discretisation methods are uniformly stable in the $L^\infty(0,T;L^2(Ω)^d)$-norm. In this work, we establish that this is indeed the case for Discontinuous Galerkin (DG) discretisations (in time and space) of non-Newtonian models with $p$-structure, assuming that $p\geq \frac{3d+2}{d+2}$; the time discretisation is equivalent to the RadauIIA Implicit Runge-Kutta method. We also prove (weak) convergence of the numerical scheme to the weak solution of the system; this type of convergence result for schemes based on quadrature seems to be new. As an auxiliary result, we also derive Gagliardo-Nirenberg-type inequalities on DG spaces, which might be of independent interest.
description: convergence proof has been added
Effects of post‑fire management practices and slope‑aspect on medium‑term Spanish black pine regeneration: implications of using a direct seeding strategy in burnt areashttps://rdcu.be/dw1f5
Creators: name: GARCIA MOROTE, FRANCISCO ANTONIO
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 300703
subject: Forest ecosystems
classificationCode: 300702
subject: Forest biodiversity
classificationCode: 300706
subject: Forestry fire management

description: The natural regeneration of non-serotinous Spanish black pine (Pinus nigra Arn. ssp. salzmannii) is known to be null or limited after severe wildfires. However, it remains challenging to define efficient management strategies within the burnt area, which can help to increase the post-fire resilience of this species. We conducted a direct seeding experiment during 2011–2015 to assess the effect of different post-fire management treatments (control, soil ripping, woodchips, and soil ripping + woodchips) performed in opposite slope-aspects (north- and south-facing) on pine emergence, seed predation, survival, growth, and biomass allocation during the early stages of seedling development (1–5 years) after a severe wildfire. Our results showed that the slope-aspect did not have an important effect in both the seedling emergence and seed predation rates. In contrast, the influence of slope-aspect was significant as both survival and growth of pine seedlings were reduced at the south-facing slope-aspect compared to the north-facing slope-aspect due to harsher environmental conditions. A variable and reduced impact on seedling emergence and seed predation rates was induced by both soil ripping and woodchips treatments. Overall, post-fire management treatments helped to enhance survival rates during early growth stages, although this effect was short-lasting. This knowledge can be used to define post-fire seeding management strategies oriented to enhance the resilience of severely burnt pine forest stands; therefore, while both the soil ripping and woodchips treatments might not be practices leading to increase their post-fire regeneration, direct seeding at north-facing slope-aspects could be a more appropriate management strategy.
Wealth distribution on a dynamic complex network
Creators: name: Kohlrausch, Gustavo
name: Gonçalves, Sebastián
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an agent-based model of microscopic wealth exchange in a dynamic network to study the topological features associated with economic inequality. The model evolves through two alternating processes, the conservative exchange of wealth between connected agents and the rewiring of connections, which depends on the wealth of the agents. The two dynamics are interrelated; from the dynamics of wealth a complex network emerges and the network in turn dictates who interacts with whom. We study the time evolution and the economic and topological asymptotic characteristics of the model for different values of a social protection factor $f$, which favors the poorest agent in each wealth transaction. In the case of $f=0$, our results show condensation of wealth and connections in a few agents, in accordance with the mean field models with respect to wealth. Low values of $f$ favor agents from the middle and upper classes, leading to the formation of hubs in the network. As $f$ increases, the network restriction on exchanges gives rise to an egalitarian society different from the results outside the midfield network.
Effects of post‑fire management practices and slope‑aspect on medium‑term Spanish black pine regeneration: implications of using a direct seeding strategy in burnt areas
Creators: name: GARCIA MOROTE, FRANCISCO ANTONIO
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 300703
subject: Forest ecosystems
classificationCode: 300702
subject: Forest biodiversity
classificationCode: 300706
subject: Forestry fire management

description: The natural regeneration of non-serotinous Spanish black pine (Pinus nigra Arn. ssp. salzmannii) is known to be null or limited after severe wildfires. However, it remains challenging to define efficient management strategies within the burnt area, which can help to increase the post-fire resilience of this species. We conducted a direct seeding experiment during 2011–2015 to assess the effect of different post-fire management treatments (control, soil ripping, woodchips, and soil ripping + woodchips) performed in opposite slope-aspects (north- and south-facing) on pine emergence, seed predation, survival, growth, and biomass allocation during the early stages of seedling development (1–5 years) after a severe wildfire. Our results showed that the slope-aspect did not have an important effect in both the seedling emergence and seed predation rates. In contrast, the influence of slope-aspect was significant as both survival and growth of pine seedlings were reduced at the south-facing slope-aspect compared to the north-facing slope-aspect due to harsher environmental conditions. A variable and reduced impact on seedling emergence and seed predation rates was induced by both soil ripping and woodchips treatments. Overall, post-fire management treatments helped to enhance survival rates during early growth stages, although this effect was short-lasting. This knowledge can be used to define post-fire seeding management strategies oriented to enhance the resilience of severely burnt pine forest stands; therefore, while both the soil ripping and woodchips treatments might not be practices leading to increase their post-fire regeneration, direct seeding at north-facing slope-aspects could be a more appropriate management strategy.
Research Gap, Tujuan dan Pertanyaan Penelitian
Creators: name: Gunawan, Fahmi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Research Gap
Tujuan Penelitian
Pertanyaan Penelitian

description: Tiga hal penting yang mesti ada di dalam menulis pendahuluan adalah research gap, tujuan dan pertanyaan penelitian. Dalam beberapa kasus, pertanyaan penelitian muncul dan di kasus lainnya, pertanyaan ini tidak muncul. Padahal, jika hendak lebih spesifik utnuk menuliskan hasil penelitian, pertanyaan memiliki posisi yang sangat urgent. Anda mau tau bagaimana cara menuliskannya? Simak presentasi berikut ini.
Universal Quantum Hamiltonians
Creators: name: Cubitt, Toby
name: Montanaro, Ashley
name: Piddock, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum many-body systems exhibit an extremely diverse range of phases and physical phenomena. Here, we prove that the entire physics of any other quantum many-body system is replicated in certain simple, "universal" spin-lattice models. We first characterise precisely what it means for one quantum many-body system to replicate the entire physics of another. We then show that certain very simple spin-lattice models are universal in this very strong sense. Examples include the Heisenberg and XY models on a 2D square lattice (with non-uniform coupling strengths). We go on to fully classify all two-qubit interactions, determining which are universal and which can only simulate more restricted classes of models. Our results put the practical field of analogue Hamiltonian simulation on a rigorous footing and take a significant step towards justifying why error correction may not be required for this application of quantum information technology.
description: 78 pages, 9 figures, 44 theorems etc. v2: Trivial fixes. v3: updated and simplified proof of Thm. 9; 82 pages, 47 theorems etc. v3: Small fix in proof of time-evolution lemma (this fix not in published version)
Relational space-time and de Broglie waves
Creators: name: Lyons, Tony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relative motion of particles is examined in the context of relational space-time. It is shown that de Broglie waves may be derived as a representation of the coordinate maps between the rest-frames of these particles. Energy and momentum are not absolute characteristics of these particles, they are understood as parameters of the coordinate maps between their rest-frames. It is also demonstrated the position of a particle is not an absolute, it is contingent on the frame of reference used to observe the particle.
description: 26 pages, 4 figures
Near horizon extremal Myers-Perry black holes and integrability of associated conformal mechanics
Creators: name: Hakobyan, Tigran
name: Nersessian, Armen
name: Sheikh-Jabbari, M. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate dynamics of probe particles moving in the near-horizon limit of (2N+1)-dimensional extremal Myers-Perry black hole with arbitrary rotation parameters. We observe that in the most general case with nonequal nonvanishing rotational parameters the system admits separation of variables in N-dimensional ellipsoidal coordinates. This allows us to find solution of the corresponding Hamilton-Jacobi equation and write down the explicit expressions of Liouville constants of motion.
description: 9 pages, no figures, v2: Minor changes to match the published version
Techniques for improving the finite length performance of sparse superposition codes
Creators: name: Greig, Adam
name: Venkataramanan, Ramji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Sparse superposition codes are a recent class of codes introduced by Barron and Joseph for efficient communication over the AWGN channel. With an appropriate power allocation, these codes have been shown to be asymptotically capacity-achieving with computationally feasible decoding. However, a direct implementation of the capacity-achieving construction does not give good finite length error performance. In this paper, we consider sparse superposition codes with approximate message passing (AMP) decoding, and describe a variety of techniques to improve their finite length performance. These include an iterative algorithm for SPARC power allocation, guidelines for choosing codebook parameters, and estimating a critical decoding parameter online instead of pre-computation. We also show how partial outer codes can be used in conjunction with AMP decoding to obtain a steep waterfall in the error performance curves. We compare the error performance of AMP-decoded sparse superposition codes with coded modulation using LDPC codes from the WiMAX standard.
description: 13 pages, 16 figures. To appear in IEEE Transactions on Communications
General mass formulas for charged Kerr-AdS black holes
Creators: name: Gao, Yunjiao
name: Di, Zhenbo
name: Gao, Sijie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well-known that the mass of a non-asymptotically flat spacetime cannot be uniquely defined. Some mass formulas for the Kerr-AdS black hole have been found and used in studying black hole thermodynamics. However, the derivations usually need a background subtraction to eliminate the divergence at infinity. It is also unknown whether the mass depends on the choice of coordinates. In this paper, we provide a more straightforward derivation for the mass formula, only demanding that the first law of black hole thermodynamics and Smarr formula are satisfied. We first make use of the Iyer-Wald formalism to derive a first law which avoids the divergence at infinity. Then we apply this formula to charged Kerr-AdS black hole expressed in the coordinates rotating at infinity. However, the first law associated with the timelike Killing vector field $\frac{\partial}{\partial t}$ is not integrable. Then, by making use of the gauge freedom of $t$, we find a favorite parameter $t'$ which just makes the mass integrable. Applying the scaling argument, we show that the mass satisfies the Smarr formula and takes the form $M/Ξ^{3/2}$. Moreover, applying the conformal method with $\ppn{}{t'}$, we obtain the same mass. By applying the first law to the coordinates which is not rotating at infinity, we find a preferred time $T$ that makes the first law integrable and the mass is just the familiar mass $M/Ξ^2$ in the literature. This mass is also confirmed by the conformal method. We find that the two mass formulas correspond to different families of observers and the preferred Killing times. So our work clarifies the ambiguities of mass in Kerr-AdS spacetimes.
description: 16 pages
Universal scaling function ansatz for finite-temperature jamming
Creators: name: Ridout, Sean A.
name: Liu, Andrea J.
name: Sethna, James P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We cast a nonzero-temperature analysis of the jamming transition into the framework of a scaling ansatz. We show that four distinct regimes for scaling exponents of thermodynamic derivatives of the free energy such as pressure, bulk and shear moduli, can be consolidated by introducing a universal scaling function with two branches. Both the original analysis and the scaling theory assume that the system always resides in a single basis in the energy landscape. The two branches are separated by a line $T^*(Δϕ)$ in the $T-Δϕ$ plane, where $Δϕ=ϕ-ϕ_c^Λ$ is the deviation of the packing fraction from its critical, jamming value, $ϕ_c^Λ$, for that basin. The branch for $TT^*(Δϕ)$ reproduces exponents observed for thermal hard spheres. In contrast to the usual scenario for critical phenomena, the two branches are characterized by different exponents. We suggest that this unusual feature can be resolved by the existence of a dangerous irrelevant variable $u$, which can appear to modify exponents if the leading $u=0$ term is sufficiently small in the regime described by one of the two branches of the scaling function.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure
Poisson structures of near-symplectic manifolds and their cohomology
Creators: name: Batakidis, Panagiotis
name: Vera, Ramón
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 53D17, 57R17, 17B63. Secondary: 16E45, 17B56, 57M50

description: We connect Poisson and near-symplectic geometry by showing that there is a singular Poisson structure on a near-symplectic 4-manifold. The Poisson structure $π$ is defined on the tubular neighbourhood of the singular locus $Z_ω$ of the 2-form $ω$, it is of maximal rank 4 and it vanishes on a degeneracy set containing $Z_ω$. We compute its smooth Poisson cohomology, which depends on the modular vector field and it is finite dimensional. We conclude with a discussion on the relation between the Poisson structure $π$ and the overtwisted contact structure associated to a near-symplectic 4-manifold.
description: Final version
Ontology-based Mediation with Quality Criteria
Creators: name: Fahad, Muhammad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a semantic system named OntMed for an ontology-based data integration of heterogeneous data sources to achieve interoperability between heterogeneous data sources. Our system is based on the quality criteria (consistency, completeness and conciseness) for building the reliable analysis contexts to provide an accurate unified view of data to the end user. The generation of an error-free global analysis context with the semantic validation of initial mappings generates accuracy, and provides the means to access and exchange information in semantically sound manner. In addition, data integration in this way becomes more practical for dynamic situations and helps decision maker to work within more consistent and reliable virtual data warehouse. We also discuss our successful participation in the Ontology Alignment for Query Answering (OA4QA) track at OAEI 2015 campaign, where our system (DKP-AOM) has performed fair enough and became one of only matchers whose alignments allowed answering all the queries of the evaluation.
title: Soiveillance
title: Η επιτήρηση του εαυτού
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Τσινίκας, Παναγιώτης
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2023
Subjects: Επιτήρηση
Συμμετοχική τέχνη
Καλλιτεχνικές Πρακτικές
Σχεδιασμός

description: Soi = Σουά (Γαλλικά) = εαυτός, veillance = Βεγιάνς (Γαλλικά) = επιτήρηση,παρακολούθηση
description: Στην εργασία με τίτλο: Η επιτήρηση του εαυτού παρουσιάζεται η πορεία έρευνας και πειραματισμών με την χρήση εργαλείων του σχεδιασμού και των εικαστικών τεχνών. Αρχικά γίνεται ο σχεδιασμός μιας αυτοσχέδιας μάσκας για την επιτήρηση του εαυτού και έπειτα μέσω συμμετοχικών πράξεων - performance να καταγράφεται το τι συμβαίνει στο άτομο όταν επιτηρεί τον εαυτό του. Η συνολική έρευνα παρουσιάζεται μέσω ενός βιβλίου.
Local null controllability for degenerate parabolic equations with nonlocal term
Creators: name: Demarque, Reginaldo
name: Límaco, Juan
name: Viana, Luiz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35K65, 93B05 (Primary) 35K55 (Secondary)

description: We establish a local null controllability result for following the nonlinear parabolic equation: $$u_t-\left(b\left(x,\int_0^1u \ \right)u_x \right)_x+f(t,x,u)=hχ_ω,\ (t,x)\in (0,T)\times (0,1) $$ where $b(x,r)=\ell(r)a(x)$ is a function with separated variables that defines an operator which degenerates at $x=0$ and has a nonlocal term. Our approach relies on an application of Liusternik's inverse mapping theorem that demands the proof of a suitable Carleman estimate.
Quantum Computing Applications for Flight Trajectory Optimization
Creators: name: Makhanov, Henry
name: Setia, Kanav
name: Liu, Junyu
name: Gomez-Gonzalez, Vanesa
name: Jenaro-Rabadan, Guillermo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Major players in the global aerospace industry are shifting their focus toward achieving net carbon-neutral operations by 2050. A considerable portion of the overall carbon emission reduction is expected to come from new aircraft technologies, such as flight path optimization. In pursuing these sustainability objectives, we delve into the capacity of quantum computing to tackle computational challenges associated with flight path optimization, an essential operation within the aerospace engineering domain with important ecological and economic considerations. In recent years, the quantum computing field has made significant strides, paving the way for improved performance over classical algorithms. In order to effectively apply quantum algorithms in real-world scenarios, it is crucial to thoroughly examine and tackle the intrinsic overheads and constraints that exist in the present implementations of these algorithms. Our study delves into the application of quantum computers in flight path optimization problems and introduces a customizable modular framework designed to accommodate specific simulation requirements. We examine the running time of a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm across various quantum architectures and their simulations on CPUs and GPUs. A temporal comparison between the conventional classical algorithm and its quantum-improved counterpart indicates that achieving the theoretical speedup in practice may necessitate further innovation. We present our results from running the quantum algorithms on IBM hardware and discuss potential approaches to accelerate the incorporation of quantum algorithms within the problem domain.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
K-theoretic Chern class formulas for vexillary degeneracy loci
Creators: name: Anderson, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Using raising operators and geometric arguments, we establish formulas for the K-theory classes of degeneracy loci in classical types. We also find new determinantal and Pfaffian expressions for classical cases considered by Giambelli: the loci where a generic matrix drops rank, and where a generic symmetric or skew-symmetric matrix drops rank. In an appendix, we construct a K-theoretic Euler class for even-rank vector bundles with quadratic form, refining the Chow-theoretic class introduced by Edidin and Graham. We also establish a relation between top Chern classes of maximal isotropic subbundles, which is used in proving the type D degeneracy locus formulas.
description: 48 pages; v2 is a substantial revision, including formulas for all classical types, as well as an expanded appendix on K-theory and a new appendix introducing an Euler class for even orthogonal bundles; v3 corrects the entries of the Pfaffians in Theorems 2, 3, and 4, and includes other minor improvements
Unavoidable subprojections in union-closed set systems of infinite breadth
Creators: name: Choi, Yemon
name: Ghandehari, Mahya
name: Pham, Hung Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 05D10, 06A07. Secondary 06A12

description: We consider union-closed set systems with infinite breadth, focusing on three particular configurations ${\mathcal T}_{\rm max}(E)$, ${\mathcal T}_{\rm min}(E)$ and ${\mathcal T}_{\rm ort}(E)$. We show that these three configurations are not isolated examples; in any given union-closed set system of infinite breadth, at least one of these three configurations will occur as a subprojection. This characterizes those union-closed set systems which have infinite breadth, and is the first general structural result for such set systems.
description: v5: AMS LaTeX, 21 pages, 1 figure (tikz); uses the stmaryrd fonts. Incorporates referees' feedback. v6: updated to include two minor corrections found after acceptance, which are both included in the final published version. To appear in European J. Combin
Ferroelectric and anomalous quantum Hall states in bare rhombohedral trilayer graphene
Creators: name: Winterer, Felix
name: Geisenhof, Fabian R.
name: Fernandez, Noelia
name: Seiler, Anna M.
name: Zhang, Fan
name: Weitz, R. Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nontrivial interacting phases can emerge in elementary materials. As a prime example, continuing advances in device quality have facilitated the observation of a variety of spontaneous quantum Hall-like states, a cascade of Stoner-like magnets, and an unconventional superconductor in bilayer graphene. Its natural extension, rhombohedral trilayer graphene is predicted to be even more susceptible to interactions given its even flatter low-energy bands and larger winding number. Theoretically, five spontaneous quantum Hall phases have been proposed to be candidate ground states. Here, we provide transport evidence for observing four of the five competing ordered states in interaction-maximized, dually-gated, rhombohedral trilayer graphene. In particular, at vanishing but finite magnetic fields, two states with Chern numbers 3 and 6 can be stabilized at elevated and low electric fields, respectively, and both exhibit clear magnetic hysteresis. We also reveal that the quantum Hall ferromagnets of the zeroth Landau level are ferroelectrics with spontaneous layer polarizations even at zero electric field, as evidenced by electric hysteresis. Our findings exemplify the possible birth of rich interacting electron physics in a simple elementary material.
Probing some photon portals to new physics at intensity frontier experiments
Creators: name: Jodłowski, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A number of extensions of the Standard Model predict the existence of new light, weakly-coupled particles that couple to the visible sector through higher-dimensional operators containing one or two photons, suppressed by a high new physics scale, and thus have long lifetimes. In this work, we study the prospects for detecting three $\sim\,$sub-GeV such long-lived particles (LLP) at intensity frontier experiments: a massive spin-2 mediator ($G$), a dark axion portal, and a light neutralino coupled to ALPino or gravitino. We consider the production and visible decays of these particles in several current and proposed beam dump experiments (CHARM, NuCal, SeaQuest, NA62, SHiP) as well as in the LHC detectors (FASER, FASER$ν$, FLArE, MATHUSLA). In addition to the usual displaced vertex signature, we also examine the impact of electron scattering signature and the Primakoff-like process which leads to conversion of $G$ into a photon or to the secondary LLP production via upscattering of the lighter dark sector state on dense material put in front of the detector. In all cases, we find the SHiP experiment could provide the strongest constraints for the displaced vertex search, while FASER2/FPF could provide complementary coverage of the $γcτ\sim 1$ m decay length region of the parameter space.
description: Merger of arXiv:2305.05710, arXiv:2305.10409, arXiv:2306.00982 published in PRD; typo in Eq. 3 fixed; Refs. 117, 118 added; results unchanged
Twisting in Hamiltonian Flows and Perfect Fluids
Creators: name: Drivas, Theodore D.
name: Elgindi, Tarek M.
name: Jeong, In-Jee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a notion of stability for non-autonomous Hamiltonian flows on two-dimensional annular surfaces. This notion of stability is designed to capture the sustained twisting of particle trajectories. The main Theorem is applied to establish a number of results that reveal a form of irreversibility in the Euler equations governing the motion of an incompressible and inviscid fluid. In particular, we show that nearby general stable steady states (i) all fluid flows exhibit indefinite twisting (ii) vorticity generically exhibits gradient growth and wandering. We also give examples of infinite time gradient growth for smooth solutions to the SQG equation and of smooth vortex patches that entangle and develop unbounded perimeter in infinite time.
description: 32 pages, 10 figures
Machine learning study to identify collective flow in small and large colliding systems
Creators: name: Guo, Shuang
name: Wang, Han-Sheng
name: Zhou, Kai
name: Ma, Guo-Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Collective flow has been found to be similar between small colliding systems ($p$ $+$ $p$ and $p$ $+$ A collisions) and large colliding systems (peripheral A $+$ A collisions) at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. In order to study the differences of collective flow between small and large colliding systems, we employ a point cloud network to identify $p$ $+$ Pb collisions and peripheral Pb $+$ Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} =$ 5.02 TeV generated from a multiphase transport model (AMPT). After removing the discrepancies in the pseudorapidity distribution and the $p_{\rm T}$ spectra, we capture the discrepancy in collective flow. Although the verification accuracy of our PCN is limited due to similar event-by-event distributions of elliptic and triangular flow, we demonstrate that collective flow between $p$ $+$ Pb collisions and peripheral Pb $+$ Pb collisions becomes more distinct with increasing final hadron multiplicity and parton scattering cross section. This study not only highlights the potential of PCN techniques in advancing the understanding of collective flow in varying colliding systems, but more importantly lays the groundwork for the future PCN-related research.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures, final published version
Brain blood vessel autoantibodies in patients with NMDA and GABAA receptor encephalitis: identification of unconventional Myosin-X as target antigen
Creators: name: Li, Lucie Y.
name: Kreye, Jakob
name: Burek, Malgorzata
name: Cordero-Gomez, César
name: Barthel, Paula C.
name: Sánchez-Sendín, Elisa
name: Kornau, Hans-Christian
name: Schmitz, Dietmar
name: Scharf, Madeleine
name: Meybohm, Patrick
name: Reincke, S. Momsen
name: Prüss, Harald
name: Höltje, Markus
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: blood-brain barrier
subject: autoimmunity
subject: encephalitis
subject: occludin
subject: Myosin-X
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Introduction: The antibody repertoire from CSF-derived antibody-secreting cells and memory B-cells in patients with encephalitis contains a considerable number of antibodies that do not target the disease-defining autoantigen such as the GABA or NMDA receptors. This study focuses on the functional relevance of autoantibodies to brain blood vessels in patients with GABA(A) and NMDA receptor encephalitis. Methods: We tested 149 human monoclonal IgG antibodies from the cerebrospinal fluid of six patients with different forms of autoimmune encephalitis on murine brain sections for reactivity to blood vessels using immunohistochemistry. Positive candidates were tested for reactivity with purified brain blood vessels, effects on transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER), and expression of tight junction proteins as well as gene regulation using human brain microvascular endothelial hCMEC/D3 cells as in vitro blood-brain barrier model. One blood-vessel reactive antibody was infused intrathecally by pump injection in mice to study in vivo binding and effects on tight junction proteins such as Occludin. Target protein identification was addressed using transfected HEK293 cells. Results: Six antibodies reacted with brain blood vessels, three were from the same patient with GABA(A)R encephalitis, and the other three were from different patients with NMDAR encephalitis. One antibody from an NMDAR encephalitis patient, mAb 011-138, also reacted with cerebellar Purkinje cells. In this case, treatment of hCMEC/D3 cells resulted in decreased TEER, reduced Occludin expression, and mRNA levels. Functional relevance in vivo was confirmed as Occludin downregulation was observed in mAb 011-138-infused animals. Unconventional Myosin-X was identified as a novel autoimmune target for this antibody. Discussion: We conclude that autoantibodies to blood vessels occur in autoimmune encephalitis patients and might contribute to a disruption of the blood-brain barrier thereby suggesting a potential pathophysiological relevance of these antibodies.
Three different pathways of IgM-antibody-dependent hemolysis are mainly regulated by complement
Creators: name: Bartolmäs, Thilo
name: Pruß, Axel
name: Mayer, Beate
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: eryptosis
subject: AIHA
subject: complement
subject: DAT
subject: cold agglutinin
subject: hemolysis
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Antibodies to red blood cells (RBCs) may hemolyze erythrocytes via Fc-mediated phagocytosis or complement-dependent. Complement activation on RBCs can be detected by C3d-direct antiglobulin test (DAT), which is the only test in immune hematology that directly targets complement. However, a positive DAT with anti-C3d cannot distinguish between C3b-mediated extravascular hemolysis, C5b-C9-mediated intravascular hemolysis and C5b-C8-mediated eryptosis. Furthermore, DAT is not suitable to estimate the strength of hemolysis. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is a rare disease that is caused by autoantibodies to red blood cells that is divided in warm AIHA and in cold agglutinin disease (CAD). The causative antibodies in CAD and sometimes in warm AIHA are from the IgM class. Depending on strength of complement activation they can induce extravascular hemolysis, intravascular hemolysis and eryptosis. We studied the three types of hemolysis by use of sera from patients with CAD under various conditions. We found that additionally to the routinely applied C3d-DAT, indirect tests for complement activity (free hemoglobin and Annexin V-binding to phosphatidylserine-exposing RBCs) should be used to determine the portion of extravascular, intravascular and eryptotic hemolysis. Eryptotic hemolysis may have a significant share in clinical relevant CAD or IgM warm AIHA, which should be considered for successful treatment.
Co-Learning Meets Stitch-Up for Noisy Multi-label Visual Recognition
Creators: name: Liang, Chao
name: Yang, Zongxin
name: Zhu, Linchao
name: Yang, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In real-world scenarios, collected and annotated data often exhibit the characteristics of multiple classes and long-tailed distribution. Additionally, label noise is inevitable in large-scale annotations and hinders the applications of learning-based models. Although many deep learning based methods have been proposed for handling long-tailed multi-label recognition or label noise respectively, learning with noisy labels in long-tailed multi-label visual data has not been well-studied because of the complexity of long-tailed distribution entangled with multi-label correlation. To tackle such a critical yet thorny problem, this paper focuses on reducing noise based on some inherent properties of multi-label classification and long-tailed learning under noisy cases. In detail, we propose a Stitch-Up augmentation to synthesize a cleaner sample, which directly reduces multi-label noise by stitching up multiple noisy training samples. Equipped with Stitch-Up, a Heterogeneous Co-Learning framework is further designed to leverage the inconsistency between long-tailed and balanced distributions, yielding cleaner labels for more robust representation learning with noisy long-tailed data. To validate our method, we build two challenging benchmarks, named VOC-MLT-Noise and COCO-MLT-Noise, respectively. Extensive experiments are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method. Compared to a variety of baselines, our method achieves superior results.
description: accepted by TIP 2023, code is at https://github.com/VamosC/CoLearning-meet-StitchUp
Non-linear coupling in the dark sector as a running vacuum model
Creators: name: De-Santiago, Josue
name: G., Iván E. Sánchez
name: Tamayo, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we study a phenomenological non-gravitational interaction between dark matter and dark energy. The scenario studied in this work extends the usual interaction model proportional to the derivative of the dark component density adding to the coupling a non-linear term of the form $Q = ρ'/3(α+ βρ)$. This dark sector interaction model could be interpreted as a particular case of a running vacuum model of the type $Λ(H) = n_0 + n_1 H^2 + n_2 H^4$ in which the vacuum decays into dark matter. For a flat FRW Universe filled with dark energy, dark matter and decoupled baryonic matter and radiation we calculate the energy density evolution equations of the dark sector and solve them. The different sign combinations of the two parameters of the model show clear qualitative different cosmological scenarios, from basic cosmological insights we discard some of them. The linear scalar perturbation equations of the dark matter were calculated. Using the CAMB code we calculate the CMB and matter power spectra for some values of the parameters $α$ and $β$ and compare it with $Λ$CDM. The model modify mainly the lower multipoles of the CMB power spectrum remaining almost the same the high ones. The matter power spectrum for low wave numbers is not modified by the interaction but after the maximum it is clearly different. Using observational data from Planck, and various galaxy surveys we obtain the constraints of the parameters, the best fit values obtained are the combinations $α= (3.7 \pm 7 )\times 10^{-4} $, $-(1.5\times10^{-5} {\rm eV}^{-1})^{4} \ll β< (0.07 {\rm eV}^{-1})^4$.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
Mass hierarchy and CP-phase sensitivity of ORCA using Fermilab Neutrino Beam
Creators: name: Rahaman, Ushak
name: Razzaque, Soebur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore neutrino mass hierarchy determination and CP-phase measurement using multi-megaton water Cherenkov detector KM3NeT-Oscillation Research with Cosmics in the Abyss (ORCA) in the Mediterranean sea receiving neutrino beam from the Fermilab Long Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF) over 6900 km baseline. We find that with the proposed beam luminosity of $1.2\times 10^{21}$ proton-on-target per year, it will be possible to determine mass hierarchy at $\gtrsim 4\,σ$ confidence level within 1 year in the neutrino mode alone. A combined 1 year in neutrino and 1 year in antineutrino mode can determine hierarchy at $\gtrsim 6\,σ$ confidence level. We also find that a non-zero CP-phase can be detected with up to $\sim 1.8\,σ$ significance after 10 years of data taking. We explore degeneracy of neutrino oscillation parameters and uncertainties in detection efficiencies affecting the results.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures, reanalysis resulting improved sensitivities to mass hierarchy and CP phase. Accepted in Phys. Rev. D
title: ARTISTIC AND AESTHETIC PERCEPTION OF THE URBAN ARCHITECTURAL IDENTITY: THE VISUAL SEMIOTIC PATTERNS OF OLD FACADES IN KALININGRAD
Creators: name: Sherstiuk, Arina
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2022

description: This scientific paper is devoted to the problem of perceiving the architectural urban environment as a comprehensive platform for multi-layered cultural communication and artistic expression. The research’s relevance lies in actualizing and performing the idea of providing a dialogue between an artist and a city. The research purpose is to scientifically substantiate and present the project concept dedicated to generation of urban architecture image identified in a collaboration with artists. The methodology is based on the conceptual research model which describes the architectural urban identity through an artistic perceptive way. The scientific paper confirms the important role of architectural urban identity in the construction of the holistic city image and constructing interpersonal interactions. Research investigations are proved with the realized project concept – an international collaborative artistic project devoted to identifying the image of Kaliningrad’s walls.
Cluster algebras of finite type via a Coxeter element and Demazure Crystals of type B,C,D
Creators: name: Kanakubo, Yuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For a classical group $G$ and a Coxeter element $c$ of the Weyl group, it is known that the coordinate ring $\mathbb{C}[G^{e,c^2}]$ of the double Bruhat cell $G^{e,c^2}:=B\cap B_-c^2B_-$ has a structure of cluster algebra of finite type, where $B$ and $B_-$ are opposite Borel subgroups. In this article, we consider the case $G$ is of type ${\rm B}_r$, ${\rm C}_r$ or ${\rm D}_r$ and describe all the cluster variables in $\mathbb{C}[G^{e,c^2}]$ as monomial realizations of certain Demazure crystals.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1703.08323, arXiv:1604.05956