cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
BACI State Surafce Vector Technical Note
Creators: name: Chernetskiy, Maxim
name: Disney, Mathias
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85040468.html

description: Changes of Earth surface can have different nature and can influence different domains of electromagnetic spectrum. The main requirement for BACI project WP2 was to provide frequent time series of remote sensing information in different domains of electromagnetic spectrum covering largest possible regions. It is important to have data which allows detect change as precise as possible without attribution which is not a priority of WP2. WP2 combines layers of optical, thermal infrared and microwave data providing comprehensive set of information. This technical note cover the technical basics for the State Surface Vector dataset produced on the BACI project to meet these requirements.
description: Previously curated at: http://cedadocs.ceda.ac.uk/1393/ Contact for resource: m.chernetskiy@ucl.ac.uk. Main files in this record: BACI_SSV_Technical_note.docx Item originally deposited with Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) document repository by Miss Esther Conway. Transferred to CEDA document repository community on Zenodo on 2022-11-24
Dynamics of Local Symmetry Correlators for Interacting Many-Particle Systems
Creators: name: Schmelcher, Peter
name: Krönke, Sven
name: Diakonos, Fotis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently (PRL 113, 050403 (2014)) the concept of local symmetries in one-dimensional stationary wave propagation has been shown to lead to a class of invariant two-point currents that allow to generalize the parity and Bloch theorem. In the present work we establish the theoretical framework of local symmetries for higher-dimensional interacting many-body systems. Based on the Bogoliubov-Born-Green-Kirkwood-Yvon (BBGKY) hierarchy we derive the equations of motion of local symmetry correlators which are off-diagonal elements of the reduced one-body density matrix at symmetry related positions. The natural orbital representation yields equations of motion for the convex sum of the local symmetry correlators of the natural orbitals as well as for the local symmetry correlators of the individual orbitals themselves. An alternative integral representation with a unique interpretation is provided. We discuss special cases, such as the bosonic and fermionic mean field theory and show in particular that the invariant two-point currents are recovered in the case of the non-interacting one-dimensional stationary wave propagation. Finally we derive the equations of motion for anomalous local symmetry correlators which indicate the breaking of a global into a local symmetry in the stationary non-interacting case.
Spin dependent conductance of a quantum dot side attached to topological superconductors as a probe of Majorana fermion states
Creators: name: Krychowski, D.
name: Lipiński, S.
name: Cuniberti, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin-polarized transport through a quantum dot side attached to a topological superconductor and coupled to a pair of normal leads is discussed in Coulomb and Kondo regimes. For discussion of Coulomb range equation of motion method with extended Hubbard I approximation is used and Kondo regime is analyzed by Kotliar-Ruckenstein slave boson approach. Apart from the occurrence of zero bias anomaly the presence of Majorana states reflects also in splitting of Coulomb lines. In the region of Coulomb borders the spin dependent negative differential conductance is observed. Due to the low energy scale of Kondo effect this probe allows for detection of Majorana states even for extremely weak coupling with topological wire. In this range no signatures of Majorana states appear in Coulomb blockade dominated transport.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures
Pressure-anisotropy-driven microturbulence and magnetic-field evolution in shearing, collisionless plasma
Creators: name: Melville, S.
name: Schekochihin, A. A.
name: Kunz, M. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nonlinear state of a high-beta collisionless plasma is investigated when an imposed linear shear amplifies or diminishes a uniform magnetic field, driving pressure anisotropies and hence firehose/mirror instabilities. The evolution of the resulting microscale turbulence is considered when the shear is switched off or reversed after one shear time (mimicking local behaviour of a macroscopic flow), so a new macroscale configuration is superimposed on the microscale state left behind by the previous one. There is a threshold value of plasma beta: when $β\llΩ/S$ (ion cyclotron frequency/shear rate), the emergence of firehose/mirror fluctuations driven unstable by shear and their disappearance when the shear is removed/reversed are quasi-instantaneous compared to the shear time, viz., the decay time of these fluctuations is $\simβ/Ω\ll 1/S$ (this result follows from the free decay of the fluctuations being constrained by the same marginal-stability thresholds as their growth). In contrast, when $β\gtrsimΩ/S$ ("ultra-high" beta), the old microscale state can only be removed on the shear timescale. In this regime, driven firehose fluctuations grow secularly to order-unity amplitudes, compensating for the decay of the mean field and so pinning pressure anisotropy at marginal stability with no appreciable scattering of particles---which is unlike what happens at moderate $β$. When the shear reverses, the shearing away of this firehose turbulence compensates for the increase in the mean field and thus prevents growth of the pressure anisotropy, stopping the system from going mirror-unstable. Therefore, at ultra-high beta, the system stays close to the firehose threshold, the mirror instability is largely suppressed, while the mean magnetic energy barely changes at all. Implications for plasma dynamo and thus the origin of cosmic magnetism are discussed.
description: MNRAS-style latex, 21 pages, 37 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Report on FIDUCEO project AVHRR aerosol demonstration dataset
Creators: name: Popp, Thomas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85040468.html
subject: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85084334.html
subject: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85101653.html

description: This document forms the deliverable D5.8 to report on the climate data record (CDR) over Europe and North Africa of aerosol optical depth (AOD) as retrieved from the AVHRR fundamental climate data record (FCDR) using a simple dark field Algorithm. The primary object of this data record is to assess and demonstrate how the sophisticated uncertainty information contained in the AVHRR easy FCDR dataset be propagated through a retrieval algorithm
description: Previously curated at: http://cedadocs.ceda.ac.uk/1395/ Main files in this record: Attachment_0-21.pdf Item originally deposited with Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) document repository by Miss Esther Conway. Transferred to CEDA document repository community on Zenodo on 2022-11-24
The formation of the heaviest elements
Creators: name: Frebel, Anna
name: Beers, Timothy C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rapid neutron-capture process needed to build up many of the elements heavier than iron seems to take place primarily in neutron-star mergers, not supernova explosions.
description: This version removed by arXiv administrators for inappropriate format
Dynamics of gap flow interference in a vibrating side-by-side arrangement of two circular cylinders at moderate Reynolds number
Creators: name: Liu, B.
name: Jaiman, R. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, the coupled dynamics of the gap flow and the vortex-induced vibration (VIV) on a side-by-side (SBS) arrangement of two circular cylinders is numerically investigated at moderate Reynolds number 100 < Re < 800. Of particular interest is to establish a relationship between the VIV, the gap flow and the near-wake instability behind bluff bodies. We find that the kinematics of the VIV regulates the streamwise vorticity concentration, which accompanies with a recovery of two-dimensional hydrodynamic responses at the peak lock-in stage. On the other hand, the near-wake instability may develop around an in-determinant two-dimensional streamline saddle point along the interfaces of a pair of imbalanced counter-signed vorticity clusters. The vorticity concentration difference of adjacent vorticity clusters and the fluid momentum are closely interlinked with the prominence of streamwise vortical structures. In both SSBS and VSBS arrangements, the flip-flopping frequency is significantly low for the three-dimensional flow, except at the VIV lock-in stage for the VSBS arrangement. A quasi-stable deflected gap flow regime with negligible spanwise hydrodynamic (i.e., two-dimensional) response is found at the peak lock-in stage of VSBS arrangements. Owing to the gap-flow proximity interference, a high streamwise vorticity concentration is observed in its narrow near-wake region. The increase of the gap-flow proximity interference tends to stabilize the VIV lock-in, which eventually amplifies the spanwise correlation length and weakens the streamwise vortical structures. We employ the dynamic mode decomposition procedure to characterize the space-time evolution of the primary vortex wake.
SOBORNOST AS A UNIFYING PRINCIPLE
Creators: name: Elkhova, Oxana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Philosophical psychology (incl. moral psychology and philosophy of action)

description: Philosophy has always been not only a science, but also a worldview, a system of moral values and ethical rules, a model and norm of behavior. All of the above fully applies to the philosophy of the XX-XXI centuries. Actualization of the principle of catholicity in modern science is due to the possibility of developing this principle not only within the framework of social philosophical thought, but also as a unifying principle that binds together various peoples. At present, most people have the realization that the global problems of our time can only be solved by joint efforts, and for this it is necessary to change the way of thinking all over the world [1]. The unifying principle of catholicity as a worldview setting of modern society can be a response to the deepest social cataclysms. We believe that at the present stage of social development it is extremely important to accept the principle of catholicity both at the level of personal and social being. The unifying principle of catholicity will direct public consciousness towards the search for sound forms of world order for the peaceful coexistence of cultures and peoples. Sobornost is our national heritage, which invisibly unites Russians to accomplish good deeds. Today one gets the impression that catholicity was lost by us along with the adoption of the Western ideology of individualism. Indeed, in the past few decades, Russia has been captured by the general process of washing away catholicity from the national identity of Russians. This process took place not even at the level of external pressure, but at a deep level of destruction of individual and general self-consciousness. However, the conciliar soul has not been completely destroyed in Russian self?consciousness, the ability to feel the conciliar soul in oneself has not been lost. When a high goal is achieved, Russians show ownership of a common cause, openness, trust and mutual assistance. Patriotic consciousness was one of the strongest creative forces in Russian history, where love for the Motherland, for its spiritual sources, is manifested. A conciliar person is characterized by: the primacy of the spiritual over the material, readiness for self-sacrifice, the desire to help one's neighbor, which is the essential content of such a phenomenon, like Russian patriotism.
Wavelength-dependent reflectivity changes on gold at elevated electronic temperatures
Creators: name: Blumenstein, A.
name: Zijlstra, E. S.
name: Ivanov, D. S.
name: Weber, S. T.
name: Zier, T.
name: Kleinwort, F.
name: Rethfeld, B.
name: Ihlemann, J.
name: Simon, P.
name: Garcia, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Upon the excitation by an ultrashort laser pulse the conditions in a material can drastically change, altering its optical properties and therefore the relative amount of absorbed energy, a quan- tity relevant for determining the damage threshold and for developing a detailed simulation of a structuring process. The subject of interest in this work is the d-band metal gold which has an absorption edge marking the transition of free valence electrons and an absorbing deep d-band with bound electrons. Reflectivity changes are observed in experiment over a broad spectral range at ablation conditions. To understand the involved processes the laser excitation is modeled by a com- bination of first principle calculations with a two-temperature model. The description is kept most general and applied to realistically simulate the transfer of the absorbed energy of a Gaussian laser pulse into the electronic system at every point in space at every instance of time. An electronic temperature-dependent reflectivity map is calculated, describing the out of equilibrium reflectivity during laser excitation for photon energies from 0.9 - 6.4 eV, including inter- and intra-band transi- tions and a temperature-dependent damping factor. The main mechanisms are identified explaining the electronic temperature-dependent change in reflectivity: broadening of the edge of the occu- pied/unoccupied states around the chemical potential $μ$, also leading to a shift of the $μ$ and an increase of the collision rate of free s/p-band electrons with bound d-band holes.
The Mathematics of Human Contact: Developing a Model for Social Interaction in School Children
Creators: name: Ashton, Stephen
name: Scalas, Enrico
name: Georgiou, Nicos
name: Kiss, István Zoltán
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we provide a statistical analysis of high-resolution contact pattern data within primary and secondary schools as collected by the SocioPatterns collaboration. Students are graphically represented as nodes in a temporally evolving network, in which links represent proximity or interaction between students. This article focuses on link- and node-level statistics, such as the on- and off-durations of links as well as the activity potential of nodes and links. Parametric models are fitted to the on- and off-durations of links, inter-event times and node activity potentials and, based on these, we propose a number of theoretical models that are able to reproduce the collected data within varying levels of accuracy. By doing so, we aim to identify the minimal network-level properties that are needed to closely match the real-world data, with the aim of combining this contact pattern model with epidemic models in future work.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures, 5 tables
Report on FIDUCEO project MVIRI Aerosol demonstration dataset
Creators: name: Luffarell, Marta
name: Rüthrich, Frank
name: Govaerts, Yves
name: John, Viju
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85040468.html
subject: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85084334.html
subject: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85101653.html

description: This document forms the deliverable D5.8 to report on the climate data record (CDR) of aerosol optical thickness (AOT) as retrieved from the MVIRI fundamental climate data record (FCDR) [RD 1, RD 2, RD 3] using the Combined Inversion of Surface and AeRosol (CISAR) Algorithm [RD 4]. The primary objective of this data record is to assess and demonstrate how the recalibrated and uncertainty-quantified MVIRIFCDR can support improved retrieval of geophysical parameters. Of particular interest is the impact of in-flight reconstructed and spectrally degrading spectral response functions.
description: Previously curated at: http://cedadocs.ceda.ac.uk/1396/ Main files in this record: Attachment_0-20.pdf Item originally deposited with Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) document repository by Miss Esther Conway. Transferred to CEDA document repository community on Zenodo on 2022-11-24
Norm attaining Lipschitz functionals
Creators: name: Kadets, Vladimir
name: Martin, Miguel
name: Soloviova, Mariia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46B04 (Primary), 46B20, 46B22, 47A30 (Secondary)

description: We prove that for a given Banach space $X$, the subset of norm attaining Lipschitz functionals in $\mathrm{Lip}_0(X)$ is weakly dense but not strongly dense. Then we introduce a weaker concept of directional norm attainment and demonstrate that for a uniformly convex $X$ the set of directionally norm attaining Lipschitz functionals is strongly dense in $\mathrm{Lip}_0(X)$ and, moreover, that an analogue of the Bishop-Phelps-Bollobás theorem is valid.
description: To appear in Banach Journal of Mathematical Analysis
Perpetual emulation threshold of PT-symmetric Hamiltonians
Creators: name: Trypogeorgos, D.
name: Valdés-Curiel, A.
name: Spielman, I. B.
name: Emary, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a technique to emulate a two-level \PT-symmetric spin Hamiltonian, replete with gain and loss, using only the unitary dynamics of a larger quantum system. This we achieve by embedding the two-level system in question in a subspace of a four-level Hamiltonian. Using an \textit{amplitude recycling} scheme that couples the levels exterior to the \PT-symmetric subspace, we show that it is possible to emulate the desired behaviour of the \PT-symmetric Hamiltonian without depleting the exterior, reservoir levels. We are thus able to extend the emulation time indefinitely, despite the non-unitary \PT dynamics. We propose a realistic experimental implementation using dynamically decoupled magnetic sublevels of ultracold atoms.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures
Diapria (Tropidopria) tetratoma Kieffer 1911
Creators: name: Notton, David G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Chalcididae
Diapria
Diapria tetratoma

description: Diapria (Tropidopria) tetratoma Kieffer, 1911b: 958.
Valid name
Trichopria hyalinipennis (Thomson, 1858).
Summary of types
Lectotype ♀, BMNH number 9.694, designated by Notton (1995).
Primary type data
Gloster; Type; 228.; Cameron Coll./ 1910-55.; tetratoma K.; Trichopria / hyalinipennis Thoms. / det. L.Huggert-89; Holo-/ type; Lectotype ♀ / Diapria Tropidopria / tetratoma Kieffer / des. Notton, 1995.
Type locality
England, Gloucester.
Remarks
This species was described from an unspecified number of females. Although the published type locality is Scotland, Cameron (1910) records it from Gloucester, so this specimen is not excluded from the type series. The lectotype is mounted on a card and is entire.
description: Published as part of Notton, David G., 2014, A catalogue of the types of Diapriinae (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae) at the Natural History Museum, London, pp. 1-123 in European Journal of Taxonomy 75 on page 70, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2014.75, http://zenodo.org/record/3862773
Uniqueness of convex ancient solutions to mean curvature flow in higher dimensions
Creators: name: Brendle, S.
name: Choi, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we consider noncompact ancient solutions to the mean curvature flow in $\mathbb{R}^{n+1}$ ($n \geq 3$) which are strictly convex, uniformly two-convex, and noncollapsed. We prove that such an ancient solution is a rotationally symmetric translating soliton.
description: This is the final published version
Report on FIDUCEO project MVIRI Aerosol demonstration dataset
Creators: name: Luffarell, Marta
name: Rüthrich, Frank
name: Govaerts, Yves
name: John, Viju
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85040468.html
subject: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85084334.html
subject: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85101653.html

description: This document forms the deliverable D5.8 to report on the climate data record (CDR) of aerosol optical thickness (AOT) as retrieved from the MVIRI fundamental climate data record (FCDR) [RD 1, RD 2, RD 3] using the Combined Inversion of Surface and AeRosol (CISAR) Algorithm [RD 4]. The primary objective of this data record is to assess and demonstrate how the recalibrated and uncertainty-quantified MVIRIFCDR can support improved retrieval of geophysical parameters. Of particular interest is the impact of in-flight reconstructed and spectrally degrading spectral response functions
description: Previously curated at: http://cedadocs.ceda.ac.uk/1399/ Main files in this record: Attachment_0-19.pdf Item originally deposited with Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) document repository by Miss Esther Conway. Transferred to CEDA document repository community on Zenodo on 2022-11-24
A thermodynamic framework for modelling membrane transporters
Creators: name: Pan, Michael
name: Gawthrop, Peter J.
name: Tran, Kenneth
name: Cursons, Joseph
name: Crampin, Edmund J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Membrane transporters contribute to the regulation of the internal environment of cells by translocating substrates across cell membranes. Like all physical systems, the behaviour of membrane transporters is constrained by the laws of thermodynamics. However, many mathematical models of transporters, especially those incorporated into whole-cell models, are not thermodynamically consistent, leading to unrealistic behaviour. In this paper we use a physics-based modelling framework, in which the transfer of energy is explicitly accounted for, to develop thermodynamically consistent models of transporters. We then apply this methodology to model two specific transporters: the cardiac sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic Ca$^{2+}$ ATPase (SERCA) and the cardiac Na$^+$/K$^+$ ATPase.
Exploring the Common Appearance-Boundary Adaptation for Nighttime Optical Flow
Creators: name: Zhou, Hanyu
name: Chang, Yi
name: Liu, Haoyue
name: Yan, Wending
name: Duan, Yuxing
name: Shi, Zhiwei
name: Yan, Luxin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We investigate a challenging task of nighttime optical flow, which suffers from weakened texture and amplified noise. These degradations weaken discriminative visual features, thus causing invalid motion feature matching. Typically, existing methods employ domain adaptation to transfer knowledge from auxiliary domain to nighttime domain in either input visual space or output motion space. However, this direct adaptation is ineffective, since there exists a large domain gap due to the intrinsic heterogeneous nature of the feature representations between auxiliary and nighttime domains. To overcome this issue, we explore a common-latent space as the intermediate bridge to reinforce the feature alignment between auxiliary and nighttime domains. In this work, we exploit two auxiliary daytime and event domains, and propose a novel common appearance-boundary adaptation framework for nighttime optical flow. In appearance adaptation, we employ the intrinsic image decomposition to embed the auxiliary daytime image and the nighttime image into a reflectance-aligned common space. We discover that motion distributions of the two reflectance maps are very similar, benefiting us to consistently transfer motion appearance knowledge from daytime to nighttime domain. In boundary adaptation, we theoretically derive the motion correlation formula between nighttime image and accumulated events within a spatiotemporal gradient-aligned common space. We figure out that the correlation of the two spatiotemporal gradient maps shares significant discrepancy, benefitting us to contrastively transfer boundary knowledge from event to nighttime domain. Moreover, appearance adaptation and boundary adaptation are complementary to each other, since they could jointly transfer global motion and local boundary knowledge to the nighttime domain.
Mechanisms of Calcium Leak from Cardiac Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Revealed by Statistical Mechanics
Creators: name: Maltsev, Anna
name: Stern, Michael
name: Maltsev, Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heart muscle contraction is normally activated by a synchronized Ca release from sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), a major intracellular Ca store. However, under abnormal conditions Ca leaks from the SR, decreasing heart contraction amplitude and increasing risk of life-threatening arrhythmia. The mechanisms and regimes of SR operation generating the abnormal Ca leak remain unclear. Here we employed both numerical and analytical modeling to get mechanistic insights into the emergent Ca leak phenomenon. Our numerical simulations using a detailed realistic model of Ca release unit (CRU) reveal sharp transitions resulting in Ca leak. The emergence of leak is closely mapped mathematically to the Ising model from statistical mechanics. The system steady-state behavior is determined by two aggregate parameters: the analogues of magnetic field ($h$) and the inverse temperature ($β$) in the Ising model, for which we have explicit formulas in terms of SR Ca and release channel opening/closing rates. The classification of leak regimes takes the shape of a phase $β$-$h$ diagram, with the regime boundaries occurring at $h$=0 and a critical value of $β$ ($β*$) which we estimate using a classical Ising model and mean field theory. Our theory predicts that a synchronized Ca leak will occur when $h$>0 and $β>β*$ and a disordered leak occurs when $β<β*$ and $h$ is not too negative. The disorder leak is distinguished from synchronized leak (in long-lasting sparks) by larger Peierls contour lengths, an output parameter reflecting degree of disorder. Thus, in addition to our detailed numerical model approach we also offer an instantaneous computational tool using analytical formulas of the Ising model for respective RyR parameters and SR Ca load that describe and classify phase transitions and leak emergence.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures, supplemental material
Anisotropic String Cosmological Models in Heckmann-Suchuking Space-Time
Creators: name: Goswami, G. K.
name: Dewangan, R. N.
name: Yadav, A. K.
name: Pradhan, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present work we have searched the existence of the late time acceleration of the universe with string fluid as source of matter in anisotropic Heckmann-Suchking space-time by using 287 high red shift $(0.3 \leq z\leq 1.4)$ SN Ia data of observed absolute magnitude along with their possible error from Union 2.1 compilation. It is found that the best fit values for $(Ω_{m})_{0}$, $(Ω_Λ)_{0}$, $(Ω_σ)_{0}$ and $(q)_{0}$ are 0.2820, 0.7177, 0.0002 $\&$ -0.5793 respectively. Several physical aspects and geometrical properties of the model are discussed in detail.
description: 12pages,8figures
Symmetries and charges of general relativity at null boundaries
Creators: name: Chandrasekaran, Venkatesa
name: Flanagan, Eanna E.
name: Prabhu, Kartik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study general relativity at a null boundary using the covariant phase space formalism. We define a covariant phase space and compute the algebra of symmetries at the null boundary by considering the boundary-preserving diffeomorphisms that preserve this phase space. This algebra is the semi-direct sum of diffeomorphisms on the two sphere and a nonabelian algebra of supertranslations that has some similarities to supertranslations at null infinity. By using the general prescription developed by Wald and Zoupas, we derive the localized charges of this algebra at cross sections of the null surface as well as the associated fluxes. Our analysis is covariant and applies to general non-stationary null surfaces. We also derive the global charges that generate the symmetries for event horizons, and show that these obey the same algebra as the linearized diffeomorphisms, without any central extension. Our results show that supertranslations play an important role not just at null infinity but at all null boundaries, including non-stationary event horizons. They should facilitate further investigations of whether horizon symmetries and conservation laws in black hole spacetimes play a role in the information loss problem, as suggested by Hawking, Perry, and Strominger.
description: v3: minor error in Sec. 5.3 corrected; v2: added appendices on trivial diffeomorphisms and relation to 1810.01847; v1: 59 pages + appendices, 2 figures
An Energy Based Discontinuous Galerkin Method for Coupled Elasto-Acoustic Wave Equations in Second Order Form
Creators: name: Appelö, Daniel
name: Wang, Siyang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65M06, 65M12

description: We consider wave propagation in a coupled fluid-solid region, separated by a static but possibly curved interface. The wave propagation is modeled by the acoustic wave equation in terms of a velocity potential in the fluid, and the elastic wave equation for the displacement in the solid. At the fluid solid interface, we impose suitable interface conditions to couple the two equations. We use a recently developed, energy based discontinuous Galerkin method to discretize the governing equations in space. Both energy conserving and upwind numerical fluxes are derived to impose the interface conditions. The highlights of the developed scheme include provable energy stability and high order accuracy. We present numerical experiments to illustrate the accuracy property and robustness of the developed scheme.
Asteroseismology of the GW Virginis stars SDSS J0349-0059 and VV 47
Creators: name: Calcaferro, Leila M.
name: Córsico, Alejandro H.
name: Althaus, Leandro G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an asteroseismological study of SDSS J0349-0059 and VV 47 aimed mainly at deriving their total mass on the basis of state-of-the-art PG 1159 evolutionary models. We compute adiabatic nonradial $g$-mode pulsation periods for PG 1159 evolutionary models with stellar masses ranging from $0.515$ to $0.741\ M_{\sun}$, that take into account the complete evolution of the progenitor stars. We first estimate a mean period spacing for both SDSS J0349-0059 and VV 47. By comparing the observed period spacing with the asymptotic period spacing we obtain $M_{\star}\sim 0.569\ M_{\sun}$ for SDSS J0349-0059 and $M_{\star}\sim 0.523\ M_{\sun}$ for VV 47. If we compare the observed period spacing with the average of the computed period spacings we found $M_{\star}\sim 0.535\ M_{\sun}$ for SDSS J0349-0059 and $M_{\star}\sim 0.528 M_{\sun}$ for VV 47. Searching for the best period fit we found, in the case of SDSS J0349-0059, an asteroseismological model with $M_{\star}= 0.542\ M_{\sun}$ and $T_{\rm eff}= 91\, 255\ $K. For VV 47, we could not find a unique and unambiguous asteroseismological model. Finally, for SDSS J0349-0059, we determined the rotation period as being $P_{\rm rot}= 1/Ω\sim 0.407$ days. The results presented in this work constitute a further step in the study of GW Vir stars through asteroseismology in the frame of fully evolutionary models of PG 1159 stars. In particular, once again it is shown the potential of asteroseismology to derive stellar masses of PG 1159 stars with an unprecedented precision.
description: 13 pages, 16 figures, 6 tables. To be published in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Metal Oxidation Kinetics and the Transition from Thin to Thick Films
Creators: name: Xu, Zhijie
name: Rosso, Kevin M.
name: Bruemmer, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an investigation of growth kinetics and transition from thin to thick films during metal oxidation. In the thin film limit (< 20 nm), Cabrera and Mott's theory is usually adopted by explicitly considering ionic drift through the oxide in response to electric fields, where the growth kinetics follow an inverse logarithmic law. It is generally accepted that Wagner's theory, involving self-diffusion, is valid only in the limit of thick film regime and leads to parabolic growth kinetics. Theory presented here unifies the two models and provides a complete description of oxidation including the transition from thin to thick film. The range of validity of Cabrera and Mott's theory and Wagner's theory can be well defined in terms of the Debye-Huckel screening length. The transition from drift-dominated ionic transport for thin film to diffusion-dominated transport for thick film is found to strictly follow the direct logarithmic law that is frequently observed in many experiments.
Efficient Entanglement Measure for Graph States
Creators: name: Haddadi, Saeed
name: Akhound, Ahmad
name: Motlagh, Mohammad Ali Chaman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study the multipartite entanglement properties of graph states up to seven qubits. Our analysis shows that the generalized concurrence measure is more efficient than geometric entanglement measure for measuring entanglement quantity in the multi-qubit graph states.
description: 10 pages, 4 tables
Experimental studies of crystal nucleation: metals and colloids
Creators: name: Herlach, Diter M.
name: Palberg, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Crystallization is one of the most important phase transformations of first order. In the case of metals and alloys, the liquid phase is the parent phase of materials production. The conditions of the crystallization process control the as-solidified material in its chemical and physical properties. Nucleation initiates the crystallization of a liquid. It selects the crystallographic phase, stable or meta-stable. Its detailed knowledge is therefore mandatory for the design of materials. We present techniques of containerless processing for nucleation studies of metals and alloys. We demonstrate the power of these methods for crystal nucleation of stable solids but in particular also for investigations of crystal nucleation of metastable solids at extreme undercooling. This concerns the issue of heterogeneous versus homogeneous nucleation and non-equilibrium conditions. The results are analyzed within classical nucleation theory, where the activation energy of homogeneous nucleation depends on the interfacial energy and the difference of Gibbs free energies of solid and liquid. The interfacial energy acts as barrier for the nucleation process. Its experimental determination is difficult in the case of metals. In the second part of this work we therefore explore the use of colloidal suspensions as models for the crystallization process. Their nucleation process is observed in situ by optical techniques and ultra-small angle X-ray diffraction using high intensity synchrotron radiation. It allows an unambiguous discrimination of homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation as well as the determination of the interfacial free energy of the solid-liquid interface. Our results are used to construct Turnbull plots of colloids, which are discussed in relation to Turnbull plots of metals and support the hypothesis that colloids are useful model systems to investigate crystal nucleation.
description: Invited review submitted for a special issue of J. Chem. Phys. "Overview Articles - Special Topic: Nucleation: New Concepts and Discoveries on the physics of nucleation". Submitted 2016 May 10. 61 pages 189 References 25 Figures. Abstract above is slightly shoretened to match ArXive rules v2 - added reprint permissions to all figures
The application of the Schur-Weyl duality in the one-dimensional Hubbard model
Creators: name: Jakubczyk, Dorota
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the application of the Schur-Weyl duality in the one-dimensional Hubbard model in the case of half-filled system of any numer of atoms. We replace the actions of the dual symmetric and unitary groups in the whole Hilbert space by the actions of the dual groups in the spin and pseudo-spin spaces. The calculations significantly reduce the dimension of the eigenproblem of the one-dimensional Hubbard model.
description: 16 pages, 2 tables
Optimization of Plasma Plume Characteristics Based on Multi-anode Coaxial Ablative Pulsed Plasma Thruster
Creators: name: Cui, Weisheng
name: Liu, Wenzheng
name: Gao, Yongjie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A special surface discharge is proposed based on the multi-anode electrode geometry. Instead of the traditional surface flashover of creepage on the insulator surface between the electrodes, a surface discharge with one of the electrodes being placed far away from the insulator is achieved in this paper. The unique electric field distribution due to the multi-anode electrode geometry has a significant influence on the discharge process of the surface discharge. It changes the generation and propagation process of the plasma, forming a plasma plume contributes to the propulsion performance of the thruster. Through theoretical analysis of the obtained plume data, it is indicated that the ablative pulsed plasma thruster based on multi-anode electrode geometry (short for multi-anode APPT) promotes the internal pressure of the plasma jet during its propagation and significantly increases the density and energy of charged particles. The discharge phenomena manifest that the multi-anode APPT and the helix-coil multi-anode APPT effectively increase the intensity of the plasma plume. Through electron density spatial distribution measurement, it has been found that the helix-coil multi-anode APPT increases the density of plasma in the axial direction to more than 4 times of the conventional coaxial APPT and reduces the electron density in other directions. In the propulsion test, it has been demonstrated that the multi-anode APPT and the helix-coil multi-anode APPT have better performance in terms of the impulse bit and the thrust-to-power ratio. In addition, it is also identified that the pinch effect will be enhanced with the increase of discharge power and the propulsion performance is promoted more distinctly. The multi-anode APPT and the helixcoil multi-anode APPT have been proved to have potential application advantage in the field of micro-satellite propulsion.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures
Fermions on the Worldsheet of Effective Strings via Coset Construction
Creators: name: Mohsen, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper the detailed CCWZ procedure for introducing fermions on the world sheet of a string propagating in flat space-time is presented. The theory of nonlinear realizations is used to derive the transformation as well as the interactions of fermionic matter fields under arbitrary spinorial representations of the unbroken subgroup. This demonstrates that even for non-supersymmetric spinors, the interactions are still severely restricted by the nonlinearly realized symmetry. We also explain how supersymmetric models provide an example for this construction with Goldstinos as matter fields, and how one can use the $κ$-symmetry of the Green Schwarz action in particular, to verify this nonlinear transformation for a specific matter field representation. We finally restrict the target space dimension without reference to supersymmetry, but rather by imposing one-loop integrability on a fermionic string that nonlinearly realizes Poincare symmetry. This singles out the critical dimension $D=10$ for heterotic, GS and RNS supersymmetric strings.
Energetics of the single-well undamped stochastic oscillators
Creators: name: Mandrysz, Michał
name: Dybiec, Bartłomiej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper discusses analytical and numerical results for non-harmonic, undamped, single-well, stochastic oscillators driven by additive noises. It focuses on average kinetic, potential and total energies together with the corresponding distributions under random drivings, involving Gaussian white, Ornstein-Uhlenbeck and Markovian dichotomous noises. It demonstrates that insensitivity of the average total energy to the single-well potential type, $V(x) \propto x^{2n}$, under Gaussian white noise does not extend to other noise types. Nevertheless, in the long-time limit ($t \to \infty$), the average energies grow as power-law with exponents dependent on the steepness of the potential $n$. Another special limit corresponds to $n\to\infty$, i.e. to the infinite rectangular potential well, when the average total energy grows as a power-law with the same exponent for all considered noise types.
description: 10 figures
Occurrence of instability through the protostellar accretion disks by landing of low-mass condensations
Creators: name: Elyasi, Mahjubeh
name: Nejad-Asghar, Mohsen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low-mass condensations (LMCs) are observed inside the envelope of the collapsing molecular cloud cores. In this research, we investigate the effects of landing LMCs for occurrence of instability through the protostellar accretion disks. We consider some regions of the disk where duration of infalling and landing of the LMCs are shorter than the orbital period. In this way, we can consider the landing LMCs as density bumps and grooves in the azimuthal direction of an initial thin axisymmetric steady state self-gravitating protostellar accretion disk (nearly Keplerian). Using the linear effects of the bump quantities, we obtain a characteristic equation for growth/decay rate of bumps; we numerically solve it to find occurrence of instability. We also evaluate the minimum-growth-time-scale (MGTS) and the enhanced mass accretion rate. The results show that infalling and landing of the LMCs in the inner regions of the protostellar accretion disks can cause faster unstable modes and less enhanced accretion rates relative to the outer regions. Also, more fragmentation of landed LMCs in the azimuthal direction have less chance for instability, and then can produce more values of enhanced mass accretion rate.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in Ap&SS
FIDUCEO project: Principles behind the FCDR effects table
Creators: name: Wooliams, Emma
name: Mittaz, Jon
name: Merchant, Chris
name: Harris, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85040468.html
subject: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85084334.html
subject: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85101653.html

description: This document describes the FCDR effects tables being developed in the FIDUCEO project. It has the following aims: To describe what the effects table is, how it is to be filled in by FCDR developers and how it is anticipated to be used. To record (in appendices) the derivation of equations for the different correlation forms. It forms the basis of the overall deliverable D2-2, and has been developed in parallel with the sensor specific partner documents describing the effects tables for each of the 4 FCDRsin the FIDUCEO project.
description: Previously curated at: http://cedadocs.ceda.ac.uk/1401/ Main files in this record: D2_2a Principles of FCDR Effects Tables.pdf Item originally deposited with Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) document repository by Miss Esther Conway. Transferred to CEDA document repository community on Zenodo on 2022-11-24
A brief review of Scott measure as a multipartite entanglement criterion
Creators: name: Haddadi, Saeed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent decades, various multipartite entanglement measures have been proposed by many researchers, with different characteristics. Meanwhile, Scott studied various interesting aspects of multipartite entanglement measures and he has defined a class of related multipartite entanglement measures in an obvious manner. Recently, Jafarpour et al. (Int. J. Quantum Inform. 13, 1550047 2015) have calculated the entanglement quantity of two-dimensional 5-site spin system by means of Scott measure. As it was presented in their calculation Q_{2}>Q_{3}. In this paper, we would like to point out that in the 5-qudit system, Q_{2} does not provide a stronger entanglement than Q_{3}, while there is a simple relation between them.
description: 3 pages
Curvature and higher order Buser inequalities for the graph connection Laplacian
Creators: name: Liu, Shiping
name: Münch, Florentin
name: Peyerimhoff, Norbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the eigenvalues of the connection Laplacian on a graph with an orthogonal group or unitary group signature. We establish higher order Buser type inequalities, i.e., we provide upper bounds for eigenvalues in terms of Cheeger constants in the case of nonnegative Ricci curvature. In this process, we discuss the concepts of Cheeger type constants and a discrete Ricci curvature for connection Laplacians and study their properties systematically. The Cheeger constants are defined as mixtures of the expansion rate of the underlying graph and the frustration index of the signature. The discrete curvature, which can be computed efficiently via solving semidefinite programming problems, has a characterization by the heat semigroup for functions combined with a heat semigroup for vector fields on the graph.
description: 46 pages, 6 figures. All comments are welcome!