cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Democratic Education in the Era of New Media
Creators: Lan, Chingfu
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Social sciences--Study and teaching
Service learning
Education

description: The proliferation and pervasiveness of new media and technologies in many U.S. young people’s daily life has reshaped their civic life experiences. Civic learning is now not only happening in offline environments but also online spaces. However, there is little research on the potential of new media for civic education. This study investigates young people’ learning experiences in new media civic education (NMCE) programs. The major research questions for this study are: How does new media civic education facilitate youth to address social issues? How can new media civic education foster youth civic identity?
      This study uses a qualitative collective-case study method to investigate two civic programs that integrated new media productions and address social issues: one program prepared students to learn about sustainability issues and to produce a series of virtual talk shows about sustainability issues in Second Life (a simulated world digital platform); the other program facilitated students’ production of radio stories about homeless youth. Findings from this study reveal that NMCE can help students navigate in a new media mediated world to learn about social issues, produce digital stories to raise awareness about these issues, and mobilize their interests for civic causes. In addition, students can develop authentic voices about social issues, exercise civic agency and reach out to real world audiences across the world to facilitate social change. Both cases in this study demonstrated a mix of success and failure in facilitating civic learning and civic identity development.
      Results from this study suggest NMCE programs adopt three distinct pedagogies: (1) pedagogies that embrace students’ cultural experiences to develop youth voices on social issues (e.g. the pedagogy of collegiality); (2) ones that facilitate examination of their emotions in manipulating what they perceive about social issues and the other (e.g. a pedagogy of discomfort); and (3) pedagogies that encourage mentorship and peer teaching/learning about digital production skills (e.g. studio mentorship model). Furthermore, it is necessary to consider not only the expression of youth voices, but also how these voices will be heard, what kinds of conversations might be sparked based on these digital works, and how students would respond to them. Thus, creating spaces of participation where students can meet people with diverse perspectives and have dialogues with them around social issues discussed in their digital productions is important for NMCE to prepare democratic citizens.
Democracy and Nation Formation: National Identity Change and Dual Identity in Taiwan, 1991-2011
Creators: Shen, Shiau-Chi
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Using the data collected from various national poll surveys conducted after the transition to democracy in the late 1980's, this study analyzes the trend of national identity change among the general populace in Taiwan. Counter to the popular view that the nascent Taiwanese national identity rose at the cost of the orthodox Chinese national identity, this study argues that most people in fact upheld dual identity in the first two decades following the democratic transition. They acquired a new Taiwanese national identity without forsaking the old Chinese identity. In analyzing the phenomenon of dual identity, this dissertation challenges the conventional view that national identities are mutually exclusive. It also shows that the trajectories of the two national identities are different processes, having occurred during different historical stages and in different international environments. They were also the results of different political forces. In explaining the rise of Taiwanese national identity, this study focuses on the factors of state and politics, rather than history and ethnicity. It is contended that the new national identity is largely engendered by democratic institutions and political participation. It thus was able to co-exist with existing Chinese national identity. This dissertation then explains the decline of Chinese national identity not with the rise of Taiwanese identity, but with the rise of China. The dominance of the People's Republic of China (PRC) in the international community along with its staunch One China Principle has removed the important component of the Republic of China (ROC) from the Chinese national identity in Taiwan. Chinese unification no longer means the fulfillment of self-rule but to be ruled by another state (the PRC). People who have identified with the ROC no longer opt for a unified great China and hence forgo their Chinese national identity.
Experimental realization of a continuous version of the Grover algorithm
Creators: name: Ermakov, Vladimir L.
name: Fung, B. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A continuous, analog version of the Grover algorithm is realized using NMR. The system studied is 23Na in a liquid crystal medium. The presence of quadrupolar coupling makes the spin I=3/2 nucleus a 2-qubit system. Applying a specially designed pulse sequence, the time evolution of the spin density operator is described in an interaction representation which has no external time-dependent radio-frequency fields. This approach is used to implement one instance of the continuous Grover search for the transform of a uniform state to a target state, and the implementation provides a clear physical interpretation of the algorithm. The experimental results are in good agreement with the theory.
description: 14 pages plus 2 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. A
Monopis monachella
Creators: name: Huang, Guo-Hua
name: Chen, Liu-Sheng
name: Hirowatari, Toshiya
name: Nasu, Yoshitsugu
name: Wang, Ming
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Tineidae
Monopis
Monopis monachella

description: MONOPIS MONACHELLA SPECIES COMPLEX
 Diagnosis: Medium-sized species. Vertex and frons roughly covered with erect white piliform scales. Antenna filiform, about 0.8 ¥ forewing in length, pecten present, and each flagellomere covered with a row of short scales. Maxillary palpus developed, five-segmented. Proboscis developed. Labial palpus projecting, the second segment densely covered with lateral and apical bristles. Wings elongate, with moderately rounded apex. Forewing pattern simple, ground colour purple black with a large rectangular oblique white marking (including the subhyaline spot at the end of discoidal cell) on the costa from 2/7 to 6/7
description: Published as part of Huang, Guo-Hua, Chen, Liu-Sheng, Hirowatari, Toshiya, Nasu, Yoshitsugu & Wang, Ming, 2011, A revision of the Monopis monachella species complex (Lepidoptera: Tineidae) from China, pp. 1-14 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 163 (1) on page 2, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00704.x, http://zenodo.org/record/10114758
Transport Studies in a Gate-Tunable Three-Terminal Josephson Junction
Creators: name: Graziano, Gino V.
name: Lee, Joon Sue
name: Pendharkar, Mihir
name: Palmstrøm, Chris
name: Pribiag, Vlad S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Josephson junctions with three or more superconducting leads have been predicted to exhibit topological effects in the presence of few conducting modes within the interstitial normal material. Such behavior, of relevance for topologically-protected quantum bits, would lead to specific transport features measured between terminals, with topological phase transitions occurring as a function of phase and voltage bias. Although conventional, two-terminal Josephson junctions have been studied extensively, multi-terminal devices have received relatively little attention to date. Motivated in part by the possibility to ultimately observe topological phenomena in multi-terminal Josephson devices, as well as their potential for coupling gatemon qubits, here we describe the superconducting features of a top-gated mesoscopic three-terminal Josephson device. The device is based on an InAs two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) proximitized by epitaxial aluminum. We map out the transport properties of the device as a function of bias currents, top gate voltage and magnetic field. We find a very good agreement between the zero-field experimental phase diagram and a resistively and capacitively shunted junction (RCSJ) computational model.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
The Good, the Bad and the Ugly: Augmenting a black-box model with expert knowledge
Creators: name: Heese, Raoul
name: Walczak, Michał
name: Morand, Lukas
name: Helm, Dirk
name: Bortz, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We address a non-unique parameter fitting problem in the context of material science. In particular, we propose to resolve ambiguities in parameter space by augmenting a black-box artificial neural network (ANN) model with two different levels of expert knowledge and benchmark them against a pure black-box model.
description: International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks (ICANN) 2019
Le onde di Alfvén nell’atmosfera del Sole
Creators: Ufficio stampa Inaf
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Uno studio guidato da Marco Stangalini, ricercatore dell’Agenzia spaziale italiana e associato Inaf, pubblicato oggi su Nature Astronomy, grazie a osservazioni spettropolarimetriche ad alta risoluzione della fotosfera solare ottenute dallo spettropolarimetro dell’Inaf Ibis ha confermato sperimentalmente la presenza di questa particolare tipologia di onde nella fotosfera solare
Comment on "Measuring the Orbital Angular Momentum of a Single Photon"
Creators: name: Wei, Haiqing
name: Xue, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical modes with different orbital angular momentums (OAMs) per photon may be sorted by Mach-Zehnder interferometers incorporated with beam rotators, without resorting to OAM mode converters.
description: 1 page, 1 figure
Solution-oriented Agent-based Models Generation with Verifier-assisted Iterative In-context Learning
Creators: name: Niu, Tong
name: Zhang, Weihao
name: Zhao, Rong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Agent-based models (ABMs) stand as an essential paradigm for proposing and validating hypothetical solutions or policies aimed at addressing challenges posed by complex systems and achieving various objectives. This process demands labor-intensive endeavors and multidisciplinary expertise. Large language models (LLMs) encapsulating cross-domain knowledge and programming proficiency could potentially alleviate the difficulty of this process. However, LLMs excel in handling sequential information, making it challenging for analyzing the intricate interactions and nonlinear dynamics inherent in ABMs. Additionally, due to the lack of self-evaluation capability of LLMs, relying solely on LLMs is insufficient to effectively accomplish this process. In this paper, we present SAGE, a general solution-oriented ABM generation framework designed for automatic modeling and generating solutions for targeted problems. Unlike approaches reliant on expert handcrafting or resource-intensive neural network training, SAGE establishes a verifier-assisted iterative in-context learning process employing large language models (LLMs) to leverages their inherent cross-domain knowledge for tackling intricate demands from diverse domain scenarios. In SAGE, we introduce an semi-structured conceptual representation expliciting the intricate structures of ABMs and an objective representation to guide LLMs in modeling scenarios and proposing hypothetical solutions through in-context learning. To ensure the model executability and solution feasibility, SAGE devises a two-level verifier with chain-of-thought prompting tailored to the complex interactions and non-linear dynamics of ABMs, driving the iterative generation optimization. Moreover, we construct an evaluation dataset of solution-oriented ABMs from open sources.It contains practical models across various domains.
title: The Role of G3BPs in the Stress Response Pathway
Creators: name: Naim, Adnan
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Ras-GTPase SH3-domain Binding Proteins (G3BP)
subject: RNA-binding proteins
subject: Ras-GTPase-activating protein
subject: Cancer

description: The ras-GTPase SH3-domain Binding Proteins (G3BP) are a family of RNA-binding proteins that have been implicated in multiple cellular activities ranging from signal transduction to regulation of messenger RNA (mRNA). G3BPs were named after their interaction with the SH3 domain of Ras-GTPase-activating protein; however recent research did not find this interaction. All three members of the G3BPs family, G3BP1, G3BP2a and G3BP2b, share structural similarities with each other by having four distinct regions (1) the Nuclear Transporting Factor 2, (NTF2) domain at the N-terminal, (2) the acidic and proline-rich domain in the centre, (3) the RNA recognition motif (RRM) and (4) the arginine glycine (RGG)-rich region rich at the C-terminal. The presence of the NTF2 domain in its structure suggests G3BP might play a role in nucleocytoplasmic transportation, which was observed after serum stimulation where G3BP1 was translocated to the nucleus from the cytoplasm. The RNA recognition motif (RRM) region plays a vital role in its interaction with the target RNA. The RGG-rich box is a region rich in arginine and glycine residues, which plays a role assisting RRM in interactions with protein or RNA. G3BP1 is found to be overexpressed in many cancers, including breast cancer, and head and neck tumours, as well as cell lines derived from human lung, prostrate, colon, thyroid and breast cancer. G3BPs have also been implicated in translational control within differentiating neurons, suggesting that G3BP may play several roles in controlling the translational fate of its cargo and that its role may be cell-specific. G3BP1 has also been found in [beta]-integrin-induced adhesion complexes. This information highlights G3BPs as a dynamic protein that is involved in several biological functions.
Saddlepoint Approximations for Short-Packet Wireless Communications
Creators: name: Lancho, Alejandro
name: Ostman, Jöhan
name: Durisi, Giuseppe
name: Koch, Tobias
name: Vazquez-Vilar, Gonzalo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years, the derivation of nonasymptotic converse and achievability bounds on the maximum coding rate as a function of the error probability and blocklength has gained attention in the information theory literature. While these bounds are accurate for many scenarios of interest, they need to be evaluated numerically for most wireless channels of practical interest, and their evaluation is computationally demanding. This paper presents saddlepoint approximations of state-of-the-art converse and achievability bounds for noncoherent, single-antenna, Rayleigh block-fading channels. These approximations can be calculated efficiently and are shown to be accurate for SNR values as small as 0 dB and blocklengths of 168 channel uses or more.
description: 32 pages, 7 figures. Submitted to the IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications. Manuscript revised according to minor comments made by the reviewers
Voyager 1 ascolta il respiro del gas interstellare
Creators: Valentina Guglielmo
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Uno studio pubblicato su Nature Astronomy presenta la rilevazione di deboli onde di plasma attorno a una frequenza di 3 kHz provenienti dal mezzo interstellare. Inviata sul posto c’è la sonda Voyager 1, che per la prima volta misura la densità del mezzo interstellare in assenza di esplosioni solari che causano perturbazioni nelle onde di plasma interstellare
Collaborative Governance and Conflict Management: Lessons Learned and Good Practices from a Case Study in the Amazon Basin
Creators: name: Fisher, Joshua
name: Stutzman, Hannah
name: Vedoveto, Mariana
name: Delgado, Debora
name: Rivero, Ramon
name: Dariquebe, Walter Quertehuari
name: Contreras, Luis Seclén
name: Souto, Tamia
name: Harden, Alexandra
name: Rhee, Sophia
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Given the linkages between natural resources and social conflicts, evidence increasingly shows that successful natural resource management requires conflict mitigation and prevention. However, there may be a gap in practice between knowing what processes and tools need to be used to manage conservation conflicts and how to actually implement them. We present learning from a practice-based case study of conflict management in the Amarakaeri Communal Reserve in the Peruvian Amazon that aimed to develop natural resource governance institutions and build stakeholder capacity, including of indigenous groups, to navigate existing conflict resolution mechanisms. Through applying good practices in conservation conflict management and collaborative governance, we generated important lessons on the practical considerations involved in collaborative conservation. These lessons, while specific to our case, could be applied to a variety of protected areas facing complex social-ecological systems dynamics and wicked problems.
Nearest neighbor two-point correlation function of the $Z$-invariant eight-vertex model
Creators: name: Lashkevich, Michael
name: Pugai, Yaroslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The nearest neighbor two-point correlation function of the $Z$-invariant inhomogeneous eight-vertex model in the thermodynamic limit is computed using the free field representation.
description: 5 pages, plain TeX, uses pictex.tex
Practical trapped-ion protocols for universal qudit-based quantum computing
Creators: name: Low, Pei Jiang
name: White, Brendan M.
name: Cox, Andrew A.
name: Day, Matthew L.
name: Senko, Crystal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The notion of universal quantum computation can be generalized to multi-level qudits, which offer advantages in resource usage and algorithmic efficiencies. Trapped ions, which are pristine and well-controlled quantum systems, offer an ideal platform to develop qudit-based quantum information processing. Previous work has not fully explored the practicality of implementing trapped-ion qudits accounting for known experimental error sources. Here, we describe a universal set of protocols for state preparation, single-qudit gates, a new generalization of the Mølmer-Sørensen gate for two-qudit gates, and a measurement scheme which utilizes shelving to a meta-stable state. We numerically simulate known sources of error from previous trapped ion experiments, and show that there are no fundamental limitations to achieving fidelities above \(99\%\) for three-level qudits encoded in \(^{137}\mathrm{Ba}^+\) ions. Our methods are extensible to higher-dimensional qudits, and our measurement and single-qudit gate protocols can achieve \(99\%\) fidelities for five-level qudits. We identify avenues to further decrease errors in future work. Our results suggest that three-level trapped ion qudits will be a useful technology for quantum information processing.
Ingenuity vola a sud
Creators: Marco Malaspina
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Primo tragitto di sola andata per l’elicotterino marziano della Nasa. Ieri sera – sotto gli occhi (e le orecchie) del compagno di missione, il rover Perseverance – ha completato con successo il suo quinto volo, il primo con atterraggio in un luogo diverso da quello di decollo. Si è spostato di 129 metri in 108 secondi, volando a una quota record di dieci metri
Wavelet-Decoupling Contrastive Enhancement Network for Fine-Grained Skeleton-Based Action Recognition
Creators: name: Chang, Haochen
name: Chen, Jing
name: Li, Yilin
name: Chen, Jixiang
name: Zhang, Xiaofeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Skeleton-based action recognition has attracted much attention, benefiting from its succinctness and robustness. However, the minimal inter-class variation in similar action sequences often leads to confusion. The inherent spatiotemporal coupling characteristics make it challenging to mine the subtle differences in joint motion trajectories, which is critical for distinguishing confusing fine-grained actions. To alleviate this problem, we propose a Wavelet-Attention Decoupling (WAD) module that utilizes discrete wavelet transform to effectively disentangle salient and subtle motion features in the time-frequency domain. Then, the decoupling attention adaptively recalibrates their temporal responses. To further amplify the discrepancies in these subtle motion features, we propose a Fine-grained Contrastive Enhancement (FCE) module to enhance attention towards trajectory features by contrastive learning. Extensive experiments are conducted on the coarse-grained dataset NTU RGB+D and the fine-grained dataset FineGYM. Our methods perform competitively compared to state-of-the-art methods and can discriminate confusing fine-grained actions well.
description: Accepted by ICASSP 2024
AttackNet: Enhancing Biometric Security via Tailored Convolutional Neural Network Architectures for Liveness Detection
Creators: name: Kuznetsov, Oleksandr
name: Zakharov, Dmytro
name: Frontoni, Emanuele
name: Maranesi, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Biometric security is the cornerstone of modern identity verification and authentication systems, where the integrity and reliability of biometric samples is of paramount importance. This paper introduces AttackNet, a bespoke Convolutional Neural Network architecture, meticulously designed to combat spoofing threats in biometric systems. Rooted in deep learning methodologies, this model offers a layered defense mechanism, seamlessly transitioning from low-level feature extraction to high-level pattern discernment. Three distinctive architectural phases form the crux of the model, each underpinned by judiciously chosen activation functions, normalization techniques, and dropout layers to ensure robustness and resilience against adversarial attacks. Benchmarking our model across diverse datasets affirms its prowess, showcasing superior performance metrics in comparison to contemporary models. Furthermore, a detailed comparative analysis accentuates the model's efficacy, drawing parallels with prevailing state-of-the-art methodologies. Through iterative refinement and an informed architectural strategy, AttackNet underscores the potential of deep learning in safeguarding the future of biometric security.
MoS2 Quantum Dot/Graphene Hybrids for Advanced Interface Engineering of CH3NH3PbI3 Perovskite Solar Cell with Efficiency over 20%
Creators: name: Najafi, Leyla
name: Taheri, Babak
name: Martin-Garcia, Beatriz
name: Bellani, Sebastiano
name: Di Girolamo, Diego
name: Agresti, Antonio
name: Oropesa-Nunez, Reinier
name: Pescetelli, Sara
name: Vesce, Luigi
name: Calabro, Emanuele
name: Prato, Mirko
name: Castillo, Antonio E. Del Rio
name: Di Carlo, Aldo
name: Bonaccorso, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interface engineering of organic-inorganic halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) plays a pivotal role in achieving high power conversion efficiency (PCE). Graphene and related two-dimensional materials (GRMs) are promising candidates to tune on demand the interface properties of PSCs. In this work, we fully exploit the potential of GRMs by controlling the optoelectronic properties of hybrids between molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) as hole transport layer (HTL) and active buffer layer (ABL) in mesoscopic methylammonium lead iodide (CH3NH3PbI3) perovskite (MAPbI3)-based PSC. We show that zero-dimensional MoS2 quantum dots (MoS2 QDs), derived by liquid phase exfoliated MoS2 flakes, provide both hole-extraction and electron-blocking properties. In fact, on the one hand, intrinsic n-type doping-induced intra-band gap states effectively extract the holes through an electron injection mechanism. On the other hand, quantum confinement effects increase the optical band gap of MoS2 (from 1.4 eV for the flakes to > 3.2 for QDs), raising the minimum energy of its conduction band (from -4.3 eV for the flakes to -2.2 eV for QDs) above the one of conduction band of MAPbI3 (between -3.7 and -4 eV) and hindering electron collection. The van der Waals hybridization of MoS2 QDs with functionalized reduced graphene oxide (f-RGO), obtained by chemical silanization-induced linkage between RGO and (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane, is effective to homogenize the deposition of HTLs or ABLs onto the perovskite film, since the two-dimensional (2D) nature of RGO effectively plug the pinholes of the MoS2 QDs films. Our graphene interface engineering (GIE) strategy based on van der Waals MoS2 QD/graphene hybrids enable MAPbI3-based PSCs to achieve PCE up to 20.12% (average PCE of 18.8%).
Anatomia dei moti di una pulsar con Fast
Creators: Maura Sandri
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Grazie alle osservazioni effettuate con Fast – il radiotelescopio a singola apertura attualmente più grande e sensibile al mondo – è stato possibile, per la prima volta, determinare la traiettoria di una pulsar in 3D. Lo studio dell’allineamento tra il moto della pulsar e il suo asse di rotazione fornisce preziosi indizi per comprendere come sia avvenuta l’esplosione. Con un commento di Marta Burgay (Inaf Cagliari)
Free abelian group actions on normal projective varieties: sub-maximal dynamical rank case
Creators: name: Hu, Fei
name: Li, Sichen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J50, 32M05, 32H50, 37B40

description: Let $X$ be a normal projective variety of dimension $n$ and $G$ an abelian group of automorphisms such that all elements of $G\setminus \{\mathrm{id}\}$ are of positive entropy. Dinh and Sibony showed that $G$ is actually free abelian of rank $\le n - 1$. The maximal rank case has been well understood by De-Qi Zhang. We aim to characterize the pair $(X, G)$ such that $\mathrm{rank} G = n - 2$.
description: to appear in Canad. J. Math., minor revision
Lo strano caso della supernova 2019yvr
Creators: Giuseppe Fiasconaro
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

In un recente studio pubblicato su Mnras un team di astronomi guidato dalla Northwestern University descrive le caratteristiche di una supernova esplosa nel 2019 e della sua stella progenitrice, una supergigante gialla, osservate a distanza di due anni e mezzo l’una dall’altra. I risultati  mostrano una discrepanza nel contenuto di idrogeno che induce a rivalutare ciò che è possibile avvenga durante il fine vita delle stelle più massicce
Effective dimension reduction with mode transformations: Simulating two-dimensional fermionic condensed matter systems
Creators: name: Krumnow, C.
name: Veis, L.
name: Eisert, J.
name: Legeza, Ö.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tensor network methods have progressed from variational techniques based on matrix-product states able to compute properties of one-dimensional condensed-matter lattice models into methods rooted in more elaborate states such as projected entangled pair states aimed at simulating the physics of two-dimensional models. In this work, we advocate the paradigm that for two-dimensional fermionic models, matrix-product states are still applicable to significantly higher accuracy levels than direct embeddings into one-dimensional systems allow for. To do so, we exploit schemes of fermionic mode transformations and overcome the prejudice that one-dimensional embeddings need to be local. This approach takes the insight seriously that the suitable exploitation of both the manifold of matrix-product states and the unitary manifold of mode transformations can more accurately capture the natural correlation structure. By demonstrating the residual low levels of entanglement in emerging modes, we show that matrix-product states can describe ground states strikingly well. The power of the approach is exemplified by investigating a phase transition of spin-less fermions for lattice sizes up to 10x10.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures, new material presented
Lessons from Quantum Field Theory - Hopf Algebras and Spacetime Geometries
Creators: name: Connes, A.
name: Kreimer, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We discuss the prominence of Hopf algebras in recent progress in Quantum Field Theory. In particular, we will consider the Hopf algebra of renormalization, whose antipode turned out to be the key to a conceptual understanding of the subtraction procedure. We shall then describe several occurences of this or closely related Hopf algebras in other mathematical domains, such as foliations, Runge Kutta methods, iterated integrals and multiple zeta values. We emphasize the unifying role which the Butcher group, discovered in the study of numerical integration of ordinary differential equations, plays in QFT.
description: Survey paper, 12 pages, epsf for figures, dedicated to Mosh\'e Flato, minor corrections, to appear in Lett.Math.Phys.48
Fotoni oscuri e come trovarli
Creators: Valentina Guglielmo
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

I fotoni oscuri, fratelli massicci – ma ultraleggeri – e contraddittori dei comuni fotoni, sarebbero dei buoni candidati per la materia oscura. Non solo: sarebbero anche rivelabili con un semplice accelerometro da tavolo, in grado di percepire le vibrazioni indotte dalla presenza di tali particelle sulla materia ordinaria – vibrazioni che variano a seconda del materiale. L’apparato sperimentale è stato presentato in un articolo su Physical Review Letters
Coupling quasi-phase matching: entanglement buildup in $χ^{(2)}$ nonlinear waveguide arrays
Creators: name: Barral, David
name: Belabas, Nadia
name: Bencheikh, Kamel
name: Levenson, Juan Ariel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wavevector quasi-phase matching was devised in the 1960s as a way to boost nonlinear interactions with efficient quantum noise squeezing as one outstanding outcome. In the era of quantum technologies, we propose a new coupling quasi-phase matching for efficient generation of multimode downconverted quantum light in nonlinear waveguide arrays. We highlight this technique achieving multimode quantum entanglement and Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering buildup. We discuss the feasibility of this method with current technology and demonstrate its competitiveness as a resource for continuous variables quantum information.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, v2 closer to published version
Additional file 4 of Increased susceptibility of irradiated mice to Aspergillus fumigatus infection via NLRP3/GSDMD pathway in pulmonary bronchial epithelia
Creators: name: Wu, Dong-Ming
name: He, Miao
name: Zhao, Yang-Yang
name: Deng, Shi-Hua
name: Liu, Teng
name: Zhang, Ting
name: Zhang, Feng
name: Wang, Yuan-Yi
name: Xu, Ying
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3. Table 1. The gene sequence primer of qRT-PCR.
Universo a super-risoluzione con le reti neurali
Creators: Marco Malaspina
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Un cosmo simulato, ma senza compromessi: volume enorme e risoluzione elevatissima. Ottenuto grazie a reti neurali messe “in concorrenza” fra loro. C’è riuscito un gruppo di ricercatori statunitensi, il risultato è descritto nell’ultimo numero di Pnas e del team che lo ha firmato fa parte anche una cosmologa italiana oggi alla Carnegie Mellon University, Tiziana Di Matteo. L’abbiamo intervistata
Semiclassical theory of the interaction correction to the conductance of antidot arrays
Creators: name: Schneider, Martin
name: Schwiete, Georg
name: Brouwer, Piet W.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik

description: Electron-electron interactions are responsible for a correction to the conductance of a diffusive metal, the “Altshuler-Aronov correction” δGAA. Here, we study the counterpart of this correction for a ballistic conductor, in which the electron motion is governed by chaotic classical dynamics. In the ballistic conductance, the Ehrenfest time τE enters as an additional time scale that determines the magnitude of quantum interference effects. The Ehrenfest time effectively poses a short-time threshold for the trajectories contributing to the interaction correction. As a consequence, δGAA becomes exponentially suppressed if the Ehrenfest time is larger than the dwell time or the inverse temperature. We discuss the explicit dependence on Ehrenfest time in quasi-one- and two-dimensional antidot arrays. For strong interactions, the sign of δGAA may change as a function of temperature for temperatures in the vicinity of ℏ/τE.
The Cow, nei dintorni dell’esplosione cosmica
Creators: Maura Sandri
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Utilizzando il Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (uGmrt), in India, due scienziati hanno scoperto che At 2018 – conosciuto anche come “the cow” – presenta un ambiente estremamente disomogeneo. Si tratta della prima evidenza osservativa di emissione disomogenea da un Fbot. Tutti i dettagli su ApJ Letters
Designmönster - Använda digitala diskussionsforum i klassrummet
Creators: name: Nilsson, Jorunn
Publisher: name: Stockholm University Design Patterns
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: Det här dokumentet beskriver hur en lärare kan arbeta med blandade lärmiljöer, dvs. integrera digital teknik med traditionell klassrumsmiljö, för undervisning på universitetsnivå.
Innehållet är ett designmönster som skapats under en workshop i regi av Centrum för universitetslärarutbildning vid Stockholms universitet. Detta ingår i ett projekt som syftar till att utveckla pedagogiska praktiker för universitetslärare som arbetar med digitala lärplattformar för att planera och organisera sin undervisning. Designmönster är en etablerad metod för att kartlägga bl.a. pedagogiska problem och erbjuda förslag till lösningar. Det här designmönstret är ett förslag hur en lärare kan arbeta med kursdesign, framförallt i den lärplattform som Stockholms universitet, kallad "Athena".
This design pattern is created during a workshop hosted by the Centre for the Advancement of University Teaching at Stockholm University. The method is created to collect good teaching practices. Design patterns are an established method of identifying and mapping educational problems in order to offer solutions. This design pattern is a proposal how a teacher can work with course design, especially in Stockholm University learning platform "Athena".
Kinetic plasma waves carrying orbital angular momentum
Creators: name: Blackman, D.
name: Nuter, R.
name: Korneev, Ph.
name: Tikhonchuk, V. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structure of Langmuir plasma waves carrying a finite angular orbital momentum is revised in the paraxial optics approximation. It is shown that the kinetic effects related to higher-order momenta of the electron distribution function lead to coupling of Laguerre-Gaussian modes and result in modification of the wave dispersion and damping. The theoretical analysis is compared to the three-dimensional particle-in-cell numerical simulations for a mode with orbital momentum l = 2. It is demonstrated that propagation of such a plasma wave is accompanied with generation of quasi-static axial and azimuthal magnetic fields which are consequence of the longitudinal and orbital momentum transported with the wave.
SDEMG: Score-based Diffusion Model for Surface Electromyographic Signal Denoising
Creators: name: Liu, Yu-Tung
name: Wang, Kuan-Chen
name: Liu, Kai-Chun
name: Peng, Sheng-Yu
name: Tsao, Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Surface electromyography (sEMG) recordings can be influenced by electrocardiogram (ECG) signals when the muscle being monitored is close to the heart. Several existing methods use signal-processing-based approaches, such as high-pass filter and template subtraction, while some derive mapping functions to restore clean sEMG signals from noisy sEMG (sEMG with ECG interference). Recently, the score-based diffusion model, a renowned generative model, has been introduced to generate high-quality and accurate samples with noisy input data. In this study, we proposed a novel approach, termed SDEMG, as a score-based diffusion model for sEMG signal denoising. To evaluate the proposed SDEMG approach, we conduct experiments to reduce noise in sEMG signals, employing data from an openly accessible source, the Non-Invasive Adaptive Prosthetics database, along with ECG signals from the MIT-BIH Normal Sinus Rhythm Database. The experiment result indicates that SDEMG outperformed comparative methods and produced high-quality sEMG samples. The source code of SDEMG the framework is available at: https://github.com/tonyliu0910/SDEMG
description: This paper is accepted by ICASSP 2024
Covariant Model of Relativistic Extended Particles based on the Oscillator Representation of the Poincaré Group
Creators: name: Kim, Y. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While internal space-time symmetries of relativistic particles are dictated by the little groups of the Poincaré group, it is possible to construct representations of the little group for massive particles starting from harmonic oscillator wave functions for the quark model. The resulting oscillator wave functions are covariant and can be Lorentz-boosted. It is thus possible to obtain the parton model by boosting the quark model. A review of Wigner's theory of the little groups is given. It is shown that the covariant oscillator wave functions become squeezed as as the system becomes boosted. It is shown also that the Lorentz-squeezed quark distribution exhibits the peculiarities of Feynman's parton model including the lack of coherence in the calculation of cross sections. A historical review of the concept of covariance is given.
description: RevTeX, 20 pages, 2 psfigs, contribution to the Volume dedicated to Prof. T.Y.Wu on his 90th Birthday (to be published by World Scientific, Singapore)
Lo chiamano «il pianoforte di Einstein»
Creators: Davide Coero Borga
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Nel saggio di Antonella Gasperini e Marco Ciardi l’inedita storia del pianoforte regalato dal fisico Albert Einstein alla sorella Maja nel 1931, passato nelle mani del pittore Hans Joachim Staude e oggi custodito nella sala centrale della biblioteca dell’osservatorio astrofisico di Arcetri. Una storia di musica fra le vicende di scienza e politica che hanno trasformato il Novecento
Democratic Institutions under Autocracy
Creators: York, Erin
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Democracy
subject: Dictatorship
subject: Authoritarianism
subject: Legislative bodies
subject: Executive power

description: This dissertation is about the function of borrowed democratic institutions in autocratic contexts, theorized to provide an arena of limited political competition between the regime and political outsiders. Despite existing explanations for how such institutions benefit the autocrat, there is much that remains unknown about their function in practice. I explore how the regime and opposition manipulate institutional features to their benefit in three papers. In the first, I show that systems of executive oversight create opportunities for the opposition to serve constituents and increase their support base. In the second, I find evidence that regime control over executive appointments is used to limit effectiveness of that opposition activity. In the third, I find that the regime's authorities over the legislature create distributional distortions in its favor -- but that other coalition members can also benefit. I address these topics using empirical analysis of novel data sources gathered during extensive fieldwork in Morocco, as well as theoretical modeling of institutional characteristics. Autocratic regimes are notorious for their opacity, and previous research has been limited by data accessibility; for the research presented here, I collect and analyze a vast database of legislative actions using techniques in webscraping and text analysis in order to obtain a more systematic understanding of legislative behavior and executive response. The results provide insight into how autocratic institutions -- superficially similar to democratic analogues -- operate differently in practice.
Democratic Equality and Public Education
Creators: Robb, Marilyn
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: Education

description: This project seeks to address the way in which democratic citizens are equal, and the kind
of equality of opportunity that follows from this notion of equality. I will then apply this
theoretical discussion to public education, a fundamental component of any notion of equality of
opportunity. I am asserting principles that may inform questions of equality in any democracy, but I am giving specific content to the way these ideals have been articulated in one particular democracy. Because I ultimately want to make sense of the best realization of these ideals in the American educational system, I will explore these with reference to American political morality.
Aspettando il razzo cinese con i radar all’insù
Creators: Daria Guidetti
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Il rientro dello stadio principale del lanciatore Lunga Marcia 5b è atteso per domenica 9 maggio, ma la finestra temporale è piuttosto variabile e copre attualmente l’intervallo fra le 15:00 dell’8 maggio e le 16:00 (ora italiana) del 9 maggio. A seguirlo in questa fase ci sono anche tre radar italiani, due dei quali – Birales e Biralet – si avvalgono, per la ricezione del segnale, di due radiotelescopi Inaf: rispettivamente, quello di Medicina (BO) e il Sardinia Radio Telescope
Validation Workflow for Machine Learning Interatomic Potentials for Complex Ceramics
Creators: name: Ghaffari, Kimia
name: Bavdekar, Salil
name: Spearot, Douglas E.
name: Subhash, Ghatu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The number of published Machine Learning Interatomic Potentials (MLIPs) has increased significantly in recent years. These new data-driven potential energy approximations often lack the physics-based foundations that inform many traditionally-developed interatomic potentials and hence require robust validation methods for their applicability, accuracy, computational efficiency, and transferability to the intended applications. This work presents a sequential, three-stage workflow for MLIP validation: (i) preliminary validation, (ii) static property prediction, and (iii) dynamic property prediction. This material-agnostic procedure is demonstrated in a tutorial approach for the development of a robust MLIP for boron carbide (B4C), a widely employed, structurally complex ceramic that undergoes a deleterious deformation mechanism called "amorphization" under high-pressure loading. It is shown that the resulting B4C MLIP offers a more accurate prediction of properties compared to the available empirical potential.
Dentro Saturno piove elio liquido
Creators: Luca Nardi
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Nuove simulazioni dell’interno del pianeta condotte da due ricercatrici della Johns Hopkins University hanno mostrato alcuni dettagli peculiari sul funzionamento del suo campo magnetico: è influenzato da uno spesso strato di pioggia di elio presente nelle regioni più interne. I risultati sono pubblicati su Agu Advances
title: Urban Ferry Systems: Planning, Development and Use of Contemporary Water-Based Transit in Cities
Creators: name: Tanko, Michael John
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Ferries
subject: Water transit
subject: Public transport
subject: Transport planning
subject: Ferry oriented development
subject: Urban ferry systems

description: Increasing population growth in urban areas has led to significant problems, stretching the limits of existing urban transportation systems. While once playing a critical role in transport in the early development of cities, water transport has since declined sharply in relevance with increases in bridges, tunnels and the widespread proliferation of automobiles. But land based mass transit systems are often reaching capacity. These issues have led to a resurgence of interest in the use of urban ferry services as transport corridors along currently underutilised waterways. Cities such as Brisbane, New York, London, Gothenburg and Bangkok have operating urban ferry systems which play an important role in the transport functions of each city. In order to provide a better understanding of the operation of water transport services, their wider impact and the implications for their inclusion in future city planning, this thesis investigates key issues for planning this form of transport.