cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The (black hole)-bulge mass scaling relation at low masses
Creators: name: Graham, Alister W.
name: Scott, Nicholas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several recent papers have reported on the occurrence of active galactic nuclei (AGN) containing under-massive black holes relative to a linear scaling relation between black hole mass (M_bh) and host spheroid stellar mass (M_sph,*). Dramatic revisions to the M_bh-M_sph,* and M_bh-L_sph relations, based on samples containing predominantly inactive galaxies, have however recently identified a new steeper relation at M_bh < (2-10)x10^8 M_Sun, roughly corresponding to M_sph,* < (0.3-1)x10^{11} M_Sun. We show that this steeper, quadratic-like M_bh-M_sph,* relation defined by the Sersic galaxies, i.e. galaxies without partially depleted cores, roughly tracks the apparent offset of the AGN having 10^5 < M_bh/M_Sun < 0.5x10^8. That is, these AGN are not randomly offset with low black hole masses, but also follow a steeper (non-linear) relation. As noted by Busch et al., confirmation or rejection of a possible AGN offset from the steeper M_bh-M_sph,* relation defined by the Sersic galaxies will benefit from improved stellar mass-to-light ratios for the spheroids hosting these AGN. Several implications for formation theories are noted. Furthermore, reasons for possible under- and over-massive black holes, the potential existence of intermediate mass black holes (<10^5 M_Sun), and the new steep (black hole)--(nuclear star cluster) relation, M_bh ~ (M_nc)^{2.7+/-0.7}, are also discussed.
description: ApJ, in press (accepted Oct 28, 2014). Two figures
Boosted top quark tagging and polarization measurement using machine learning
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Soham
name: Guchait, Monoranjan
name: Vijay, Aravind H.
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 530
subject: top: production
subject: jet
subject: top: boosted particle
subject: top: polarization
subject: lepton

description: Machine learning techniques are used for treating jets as images to explore the performance of boosted top quark tagging. Tagging performances are studied in both hadronic and leptonic channels of top quark decay, employing a convolutional neural network (CNN) based technique along with boosted decision trees (BDT). This computer vision approach is also applied to distinguish between left and right polarized top quarks. In this context, an experimentally measurable asymmetry variable is proposed to estimate the polarization. Results indicate that the CNN based classifier is more sensitive to top quark polarization than the standard kinematic variables. It is observed that the overall tagging performance in the leptonic channel is better than the hadronic case, and the former also serves as a better probe for studying polarization.
From the digital data revolution to digital health and digital economy toward a digital society: Pervasiveness of Artificial Intelligence
Creators: name: Emmert-Streib, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Literature (cs.GL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Technological progress has led to powerful computers and communication technologies that penetrate nowadays all areas of science, industry and our private lives. As a consequence, all these areas are generating digital traces of data amounting to big data resources. This opens unprecedented opportunities but also challenges toward the analysis, management, interpretation and utilization of these data. Fortunately, recent breakthroughs in deep learning algorithms complement now machine learning and statistics methods for an efficient analysis of such data. Furthermore, advances in text mining and natural language processing, e.g., word-embedding methods, enable also the processing of large amounts of text data from diverse sources as governmental reports, blog entries in social media or clinical health records of patients. In this paper, we present a perspective on the role of artificial intelligence in these developments and discuss also potential problems we are facing in a digital society.
D2.2 Cross-fertilization workshop report – v2
Creators: name: Di Nitto, Elisabetta
name: Novakova Nedeltcheva, Galia
name: Alonso, Juncal
name: Favaro, John
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Cross-fertilization
Discussion forum
Workshop

description: This deliverable is an extension of the results described in D2.1 (Cross-fertilization workshop report - v1), where we have reported about two other cross-fertilization workshops organised under the task T2.1. The main objective of the task T2.1 is to organize and deliver three workshops involving stakeholders from academia, industry and the public sector, representing different domains and application sectors. The workshops are important events to facilitate synergy-ignition among R&D EC funded projects, as well as a dissemination opportunity. In this deliverable D2.2 (Cross-fertilization workshop report – v2) we present the WEGreen Workshop, co-hosted by SWForum.eu and HUB4CLOUD, on the topic of “Engineering Green and Sustainable Software in the Computing Continuum”.
D1.12 Annual Activity Plan and Progress Report to EC 3
Creators: name: Keillor, Beatrix
name: Begg, Graham
name: Heger, Gerid
name: Moonen, Camilla
name: Warner, Douglas
name: Engel, Stefanie
name: Petucco, Claudio
name: Simmons, Alastair
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Project progress reports prepared in collaboration with WP leaders and submitted to the EC.
Exponential mixing of geodesic flows for geometrically finite hyperbolic manifolds with cusps
Creators: name: Li, Jialun
name: Pan, Wenyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37D40, 37D20

description: Let $Γ$ be a geometrically finite discrete subgroup in $\operatorname{SO}(d+1,1)^{\circ}$ with parabolic elements. We establish exponential mixing of the geodesic flow on the unit tangent bundle $\operatorname{T}^1(Γ\backslash \mathbb{H}^{d+1})$ with respect to the Bowen-Margulis-Sullivan measure, which is the unique probability measure on $\operatorname{T}^1(Γ\backslash \mathbb{H}^{d+1})$ with maximal entropy. As an application, we obtain a resonance free region for the resolvent of the Laplacian on $Γ\backslash \mathbb{H}^{d+1}$. Our approach is to construct a coding for the geodesic flow and then prove a Dolgopyat-type spectral estimate for the corresponding transfer operator.
Determination of $\alpha_s(m_Z)$ by the non-perturbative decoupling method
Creators: name: Dalla Brida, Mattia
name: Höllwieser, Roman
name: Knechtli, Francesco
name: Korzec, Tomasz
name: Nada, Alessandro
name: Ramos, Alberto
name: Sint, Stefan
name: Sommer, Rainer
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: strong interaction: coupling constant
decoupling
quantum chromodynamics
lattice field theory
renormalization group
gauge field theory
flavor: 3
statistics
nonperturbative
correlation
ALPHA
continuum limit
heavy quark
12.38.Aw
12.38.Bx
12.38.Gc
11.10.Hi
11.10.Jj

description: We present the details and first results of a new strategy for the determination of $\alpha_s(m_Z)$. By simultaneously decoupling 3 fictitious heavy quarks we establish a relation between the $\Lambda$-parameters of three-flavor QCD and pure gauge theory. Very precise recent results in the pure gauge theory can thus be leveraged to obtain the three-flavour $\Lambda$-parameter in units of a common decoupling scale. Connecting this scale to hadronic physics in 3-flavour QCD leads to our result in physical units, $\Lambda^{(3)}_{\bar{\rm MS}} = 336(12)\, {\rm MeV}$, which translates to $\alpha_s(m_Z) = 0.11823(84)$. This is compatible with both the FLAG average and the previous ALPHA result, with a comparable, yet still statistics dominated, error. This constitutes a highly non-trivial check, as the decoupling strategy is conceptually very different from the 3-flavour QCD step-scaling method, and so are their systematic errors. These include the uncertainties of the combined decoupling and continuum limits, which we discuss in some detail. We also quantify the correlation between both results, due to some common elements, such as the scale determination in physical units and the definition of the energy scale where we apply decoupling.
Estimating demographic parameters using a combination of known-fate and open N-mixture models
Creators: name: Schmidt, Joshua H.
name: Johnson, Devin S.
name: Lindberg, Mark S.
name: Adams, Layne G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: 1. Accurate estimates of demographic parameters are required to infer appropriate ecological relationships and inform management actions. Recently developed N-mixture models use count data from unmarked individuals to estimate demographic parameters, but a joint approach combining the strengths of both analytical tools has not been developed. 2. We present an integrated model combining known-fate and open N-mixture models, allowing the estimation of detection probability, recruitment, and the joint estimation of survival. We first use a simulation study to evaluate the performance of the model relative to known values. We then provide an applied example using 4 years of wolf survival data consisting of relocations of radio-collared wolves within packs and counts of associated pack-mates. The model is implemented in both maximum-likelihood and Bayesian frameworks using a new R package kfdnm and the BUGS language. 3. The simulation results indicated that the integrated model was able to reliably recover parameters with no evidence of bias, and estimates were more precise under the joint model as expected. Results from the applied example indicated that the marked sample of wolves was biased towards individuals with higher apparent survival rates (including losses due to mortality and emigration) than the unmarked pack-mates, suggesting estimates of apparent survival based on joint estimation could be more representative of the overall population. Estimates of recruitment were similar to direct observations of pup production, and overlap of the credible intervals suggested no clear differences in recruitment rates. 4. Our integrated model is a practical approach for increasing the amount of information gained from future and existing radio-telemetry and other similar mark-resight datasets.
description: 22 pages, 2 figures, 2 appendices
Domain-specific sentiment analysis: an optimized deep learning approach for the financial markets
Creators: name: Yekrangi, Mehdi
name: Nikolov, Nikola
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4609
subject: Information systems

description: Although different studies are caried out by deep learning models for financial markets sentiment analysis, there is a lack of specific embedding method that regards the domain. Therefore, the goal of this study is to discover what type of embedding techniques along with different classification algorithms work better for the financial markets’ sentiment analysis to present an optimized embedding method in the domain. In this paper we present a broad comparative study of multiple classification models trained for sentiment analysis and will improve their performance with an optimized embedding layer. We use a heterogeneous corpus of both formal (news headlines) and informal (tweets) text to increase the robustness and build the models with CBOW, GloVe, and BERT pre-trained embeddings as well as developing an optimized embedding layer to improve the results. The best results reported here are by our LSTM model with the fine-tuned embedding layer, which has an accuracy of 0.84 and a macro-average F1-score of 0.8. Our results give evidence that the fine-tuned embedding is superior to utilising pretrained CBOW, GloVe, and BERT embeddings for financial markets sentiment analysis. We train SVM, MLP, CNN, generic RNN and LSTM models by a comprehensive approach in input data and algorithms. As a result, a sentiment analysis model is presented with a robust performance for different datasets in the domain.
Herschel Far IR observations of the giant HII region NGC 3603
Creators: name: Di Cecco, Alessandra
name: Faustini, Fabiana
name: Paresce, Francesco
name: Correnti, Matteo
name: Calzoletti, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observed the giant HII region around the NGC 3603 YC with the 5 broad bands (70, 160, 250, 350, 500 micron) of the SPIRE and PACS instruments, on-board the Herschel Space Observatory. Together with what is currently known of the stellar, atomic, molecular and warm dust components, this additional and crucial information should allow us to better understand the details of the star formation history in this region. The main objective of the investigation is to study, at high spatial resolution, the distribution and main physical characteristics of the cold dust. By reconstructing the temperature and density maps, we found respectively a mean value of 36 K and Log(NH)=22.0+/-0.1 cm^(-2). We carried out a photometric analysis detecting 107 point-like sources, mostly confined to the North and South of the cluster. By comparing our data with SED models we found that 35 sources are well represented by YSOs in early evolutionary phases, from Classes0 to ClassI. The Herschel detections also provided far-IR counterparts for 4 H2O masers and 11 objects previously known from mid-IR observations. The existence of so many embedded sources confirms the hypothesis of an intense and ongoing star formation activity in the region around NGC3603YC.
description: Accepted by ApJ
Eigenvalue Density of the Doubly Correlated Wishart Model: Exact Results
Creators: name: Waltner, Daniel
name: Wirtz, Tim
name: Guhr, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Data sets collected at different times and different observing points can possess correlations at different times $and$ at different positions. The doubly correlated Wishart model takes both into account. We calculate the eigenvalue density of the Wishart correlation matrices using supersymmetry. In the complex case we obtain a new closed form expression which we compare to previous results in the literature. In the more relevant and much more complicated real case we derive an expression for the density in terms of a fourfold integral. Finally, we calculate the density in the limit of large correlation matrices.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures
Observing quantum gravity in asymptotically AdS space
Creators: name: Emelyanov, Slava
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A question is studied whether an observer can discover quantum gravity being in the semi-classical regime. It is shown that it is indeed possible to probe a certain quantum gravity effect by employing an appropriately designed detector. The effect is related to the possibility of having topologically inequivalent geometries at once in the path integral approach. A CFT state which is expected to describe the eternal AdS black hole in the large N limit is discussed. It is argued under certain assumptions that the black hole boundary should be merely a patch of the entire AdS boundary. This leads then to a conclusion that that CFT state is the ordinary CFT vacuum restricted to that patch. If existent, the bulk CFT operators can behave as the ordinary semi- classical quantum field theory in the large N limit in the weak sense.
description: typos fixed; to be published in Physical Review D
Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS) Aided Multi-User Networks: Interplay Between NOMA and RIS
Creators: name: Liu, Yuanwei
name: Mu, Xidong
name: Liu, Xiao
name: Di Renzo, Marco
name: Ding, Zhiguo
name: Schober, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This article focuses on the exploitation of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) in multi-user networks employing orthogonal multiple access (OMA) or non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), with an emphasis on investigating the interplay between NOMA and RIS. Depending on whether the RIS reflection coefficients can be adjusted only once or multiple times during one transmission, we distinguish between static and dynamic RIS configurations. In particular, the capacity region of RIS aided single-antenna NOMA networks is characterized and compared with the OMA rate region from an information-theoretic perspective, revealing that the dynamic RIS configuration is capacity-achieving. Then, the impact of the RIS deployment location on the performance of different multiple access schemes is investigated, which reveals that asymmetric and symmetric deployment strategies are preferable for NOMA and OMA, respectively. Furthermore, for RIS aided multiple-antenna NOMA networks, three novel joint active and passive beamformer designs are proposed based on both beamformer based and cluster based strategies. Finally, open research problems for RIS-NOMA networks are highlighted.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
Additional file 1 of Comparative proteomics analysis in different stages of urothelial bladder cancer for identification of potential biomarkers: highlighted role for antioxidant activity
Creators: name: Tabaei, Samira
name: Haghshenas, Mohammad Reza
name: Ariafar, Ali
name: Gilany, Kambiz
name: Stensballe, Allan
name: Farjadian, Shirin
name: Ghaderi, Abbas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Supplementary Table S1: The list of proteins identified by Uniprot databases and tandem MS analysis data set
Numerical solution of the non-linear Schrodinger equation using smoothed-particle hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Mocz, Philip
name: Succi, Sauro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate a smoothed-particle hydrodynamics numerical method, traditionally used for the Euler equations for fluid dynamics in the context of astrophysical simulations, to solve the non-linear Schrodinger equation in the Madelung formulation. The probability density of the wavefunction is discretized into moving particles, whose properties are smoothed by a kernel function. The traditional fluid pressure is replaced by a quantum pressure tensor, for which a novel, robust discretization is found. We demonstrate our numerical method on a variety of numerical test problems involving the simple harmonic oscillator, Bose-Einstein condensates, collapsing singularities, and dark matter halos governed by the Gross-Pitaevskii-Poisson equation. Our method is conservative, applicable to unbounded domains, and is automatically adaptive in its resolution, making it well suited to study problems with collapsing solutions.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, Physical Review E
Additional file 1 of Triglyceride-glucose index is associated with the occurrence and prognosis of cardiac arrest: a multicenter retrospective observational study
Creators: name: Boshen, Yang
name: Yuankang, Zhu
name: Xinjie, Zheng
name: Taixi, Li
name: kaifan, Niu
name: Zhixiang, Wang
name: Juan, Song
name: Junli, Duan
name: Suiji, Li
name: Xia, Lu
name: Chengxing, Shen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Additional file 2 of Feasibility and acceptability of ‘low-intensity mental health support via a telehealth-enabled network’ for adults with type 1 and type 2 diabetes: the LISTEN pilot study
Creators: name: Holloway, Edith E.
name: Gray, Shikha
name: Halliday, Jennifer
name: Harrap, Benjamin
name: Hines, Carolyn
name: Skinner, Timothy C.
name: Speight, Jane
name: Hendrieckx, Christel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy
Virology

description: Additional file 2: Table 2. PAID item scores at baseline, ordered by descending mean, and mean change in scores at post-intervention and at 4-week follow-up.
Ground Vibrational State SiO Emission in the VLA BAaDE Survey
Creators: name: Dike, V.
name: Morris, M. R.
name: Rich, R. M.
name: Lewis, M. O.
name: Quiroga-Nuñez, L. H.
name: Stroh, M. C.
name: Trapp, A. C.
name: Claussen, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a subsample of the Bulge Asymmetries and Dynamical Evolution (BAaDE) survey of stellar SiO masers, we explore the prevalence and characteristics of $^{28}$SiO $J=1-0, v=0$ emission. We identify 90 detections of maser, thermal, or composite $^{28}$SiO $J=1-0, v=0$ emission out of approximately 13,000 candidate spectra from the NSF's Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA). We find that the detected sources are likely asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars belonging to a bright, foreground Milky Way stellar disk population. For the 32 sources showing thermal components, we extract values for outflow velocity by fitting thermal line profiles. We find a range of circumstellar envelope expansion velocities, and compare to previously recorded OH and CO expansion velocities. This preliminary survey is already the largest study of stellar ground-vibrational-state SiO masers to date, and will be expanded to include the entire VLA BAaDE dataset when data reduction for the 18,988 target sources is completed.
description: 23 pages, 8 figures
Unified Emergence of Energy Scales and Cosmic Inflation
Creators: name: Kubo, Jisuke
name: Kuntz, Jeffrey
name: Lindner, Manfred
name: Rezacek, Jonas
name: Saake, Philipp
name: Trautner, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the quest for unification of the Standard Model with gravity, classical scale invariance can be utilized to dynamically generate the Planck mass $M_\mathrm{Pl}$. Then, the relation of Planck scale physics to the scale of electroweak symmetry breaking $μ_H$ requires further explanation. In this paper, we propose a model that uses the spontaneous breaking of scale invariance in the scalar sector as a unified origin for dynamical generation of both scales. Using the Gildener-Weinberg approximation, only one scalar acquires a vacuum expectation value of $v_S \sim (10^{16-17})\,\mathrm{GeV}$, thus radiatively generating $M_\mathrm{Pl} \approx β_S^{1/2} v_S$ and $μ_H$ via the neutrino option with right handed neutrino masses $m_N = y_M v_S \sim 10^7 \,\mathrm{GeV}$. Consequently, active SM neutrinos are given a mass with the inclusion of a type-I seesaw mechanism. Furthermore, we adopt an unbroken $Z_2$ symmetry and a $Z_2$-odd set of right-handed Majorana neutrinos $χ$ that do not take part in the neutrino option and are able to produce the correct dark matter relic abundance (dominantly) via inflaton decay. The model also describes cosmic inflation and the inflationary CMB observables are predicted to interpolate between those of $R^2$ and linear chaotic inflationary model and are thus well within the strongest experimental constraints.
description: 21+10 pages, 11 figures, 1 table, v2: matches published version
Reproducible Research Can Still Be Wrong: Adopting a Prevention Approach
Creators: name: Leek, Jeffrey T.
name: Peng, Roger D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Reproducibility, the ability to recompute results, and replicability, the chances other experimenters will achieve a consistent result, are two foundational characteristics of successful scientific research. Consistent findings from independent investigators are the primary means by which scientific evidence accumulates for or against an hypothesis. And yet, of late there has been a crisis of confidence among researchers worried about the rate at which studies are either reproducible or replicable. In order to maintain the integrity of science research and maintain the public's trust in science, the scientific community must ensure reproducibility and replicability by engaging in a more preventative approach that greatly expands data analysis education and routinely employs software tools.
description: 3 pages, 1 figure
Optimal limits of cavity optomechanical cooling in the strong coupling regime
Creators: name: Liu, Yong-Chun
name: Shen, Yu-Feng
name: Gong, Qihuang
name: Xiao, Yun-Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Laser cooling of mesoscopic mechanical resonators is of great interest for both fundamental studies and practical applications. We provide a general framework to describe the cavity-assisted backaction cooling in the strong coupling regime. By studying the cooling dynamics, we find that the temporal evolution of mean phonon number oscillates as a function of the optomechanical coupling strength depending on frequency mixing. The further analytical result reveals that the optimal cooling limit is obtained when the system eigenmodes satisfy the frequency matching condition. The reduced instantaneous-state cooling limits with dynamic dissipative cooling approach are also presented. Our study provides a guideline for optimizing the backaction cooling of mesoscopic mechanical resonators in the strong coupling regime.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Assessment of pain domain, quality of life, management and pharmacist-led intervention among chronic pain patients in Western Nepal
Creators: name: THAPA, PARBATI
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 321403
subject: Clinical pharmacy and pharmacy practice

description: Chronic pain is the pain that persist for three months or more. It is a global public health issue. Several barriers affect the management of chronic pain in low and middle income countries. This thesis examines the characteristics of patients with chronic pain, healthcare professionals perspective on pain mangement and effect of community pharmacist contribution to chronic pain management related to osteoarthrtis in Nepal.
Two Modes of Partially Screened Gap
Creators: name: Szary, Andrzej
name: Melikidze, George
name: Gil, Janusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The analysis of X-ray observations suggest an ultrastrong ($B\gtrsim 10^{14} \,{\rm G}$) surface magnetic field at the polar cap of pulsars (Szary, 2013). On the other hand, the temperature of the polar caps is about a few millions Kelvin. Based on these two facts we use the Partially Screened Gap (PSG) model to describe the Inner Acceleration Region (IAR). The PSG model assumes that the temperature of the actual polar cap is equal to the so-called critical value, i.e. the temperature at which the outflow of thermal ions from the surface screens the gap completely. We have found that, depending on the conditions above the polar cap, the generation of high energetic photons in IAR can be caused either by Curvature Radiation (CR) or by Inverse Compton Scattering (ICS). Completely different properties of both processes result in two different scenarios of breaking the acceleration gap: the so-called PSG-off mode for the gap dominated by CR and the PSG-on mode for the gap dominated by ICS. The existence of two different mechanisms of gap breakdown naturally explains the mode-changing phenomenon. Different characteristics of plasma generated in the acceleration region for both modes also explain the pulse nulling phenomenon.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS, this paper is based on the PhD thesis arXiv:1304.4203
On the Complexity of the Bilevel Minimum Spanning Tree Problem
Creators: name: Buchheim, Christoph
name: Henke, Dorothee
name: Hommelsheim, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the bilevel minimum spanning tree (BMST) problem where the leader and the follower choose a spanning tree together, according to different objective functions. By showing that this problem is NP-hard in general, we answer an open question stated in by Shi et al. We prove that BMST remains hard even in the special case where the follower only controls a matching. Moreover, by a polynomial reduction from the vertex-disjoint Steiner trees problem, we give some evidence that BMST might even remain hard in case the follower controls only few edges. On the positive side, we present a polynomial-time $(|V|-1)$-approximation algorithm for BMST, where $|V|$ is the number of vertices in the input graph. Moreover, considering the number of edges controlled by the follower as parameter, we show that 2-approximating BMST is fixed-parameter tractable and that, in case of uniform costs on leader's edges, even solving BMST exactly is fixed-parameter tractable. We finally consider bottleneck variants of BMST and settle the complexity landscape of all combinations of sum or bottleneck objective functions for the leader and follower, for the optimistic as well as the pessimistic setting.
A (quasi-)polynomial time heuristic algorithm for synthesizing T-depth optimal circuits
Creators: name: Gheorghiu, Vlad
name: Mosca, Michele
name: Mukhopadhyay, Priyanka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the problem of synthesizing T-depth optimal quantum circuits over the Clifford+T gate set. First we construct a special subset of T-depth 1 unitaries, such that it is possible to express the T-depth-optimal decomposition of any unitary as product of unitaries from this subset and a Clifford (up to global phase). The cardinality of this subset is at most $n\cdot 2^{5.6n}$. We use nested meet-in-the-middle (MITM) technique to develop algorithms for synthesizing provably \emph{depth-optimal} and \emph{T-depth-optimal} circuits for exactly implementable unitaries. Specifically, for synthesizing T-depth-optimal circuits, we get an algorithm with space and time complexity $O\left(\left(4^{n^2}\right)^{\lceil d/c\rceil}\right)$ and $O\left(\left(4^{n^2}\right)^{(c-1)\lceil d/c\rceil}\right)$ respectively, where $d$ is the minimum T-depth and $c\geq 2$ is a constant. This is much better than the complexity of the algorithm by Amy et al.(2013), the previous best with a complexity $O\left(\left(3^n\cdot 2^{kn^2}\right)^{\lceil \frac{d}{2}\rceil}\cdot 2^{kn^2}\right)$, where $k>2.5$ is a constant. We design an even more efficient algorithm for synthesizing T-depth-optimal circuits. The claimed efficiency and optimality depends on some conjectures, which have been inspired from the work of Mosca and Mukhopadhyay (2020). To the best of our knowledge, the conjectures are not related to the previous work. Our algorithm has space and time complexity $poly(n,2^{5.6n},d)$ (or $poly(n^{\log n},2^{5.6n},d)$ under some weaker assumptions).
description: Published in Nature Partner Journal Quantum Information. Compared to v4: Minor changes. Not the exact journal version
title: Ausbildungsperspektiven  nach Corona
title: Eine repräsentative Befragung von Jugendlichen 2023
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Barlovic, Ingo
name: Ullrich, Denise
name: Wieland, Clemens
Publisher: name: Bertelsmann Stiftung
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Berufsausbildung
subject: Corona
subject: Ausbildungschancen
subject: Berufsorientierung

description: Nach Corona blicken junge Menschen deutlich optimistischer auf ihre berufliche Zukunft – dies ist ein zentrales Ergebnis unserer repräsentativen Jugendumfrage, die im Juni 2023 durchgeführt wurde. Dieses erfreuliche Ergebnis gilt aber nicht für alle: Trotz zahlreicher unbesetzter Ausbildungsplätze hat jeder vierte junge Mensch in Deutschland den Eindruck, dass die Zahl der Ausbildungsplätze nicht ausreicht und vor allem Jugendliche mit niedriger Schulbildung machen sich Sorgen um ihre Ausbildungschancen.

Aber es gibt noch viel mehr zu entdecken in den Ergebnissen – zum Beispiel, welche Unterstützung sich junge Menschen bei der Suche nach Ausbildungsplätzen wünschen. Oder wie gut sie sich von der Schule über das Thema Ausbildung informiert fühlen. Neu bei der diesjährigen Befragung ist das Thema Praktika: Welche Erfahrungen werden mit Praktika gemacht? Sind sie hilfreich oder enttäuschend, fühlen sich die jungen Menschen über- oder unterfordert? Manche Erwartungen werden bestätigt, aber es gibt auch viele Überraschungen.
Telecom-heralded entanglement between remote multimode solid-state quantum memories
Creators: name: Lago-Rivera, Dario
name: Grandi, Samuele
name: Rakonjac, Jelena V.
name: Seri, Alessandro
name: de Riedmatten, Hugues
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Future quantum networks will enable the distribution of entanglement between distant locations and allow applications in quantum communication, quantum sensing and distributed quantum computation. At the core of this network lies the ability of generating and storing entanglement at remote, interconnected quantum nodes. While remote physical systems of various nature have been successfully entangled, none of these realisations encompassed all of the requirements for network operation, such as telecom-compatibility and multimode operation. Here we report the demonstration of heralded entanglement between two spatially separated quantum nodes, where the entanglement is stored in multimode solid-state quantum memories. At each node a praseodymium-doped crystal stores a photon of a correlated pair, with the second photon at telecommunication wavelengths. Entanglement between quantum memories placed in different labs is heralded by the detection of a telecom photon at a rate up to 1.4 kHz and is stored in the crystals for a pre-determined storage time up to 25 microseconds. We also show that the generated entanglement is robust against loss in the heralding path, and demonstrate temporally multiplexed operation, with 62 temporal modes. Our realisation is extendable to entanglement over longer distances and provides a viable route towards field-deployed, multiplexed quantum repeaters based on solid-state resources.
Rabacus: A Python Package for Analytic Cosmological Radiative Transfer Calculations
Creators: name: Altay, Gabriel
name: Wise, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe Rabacus, a Python package for calculating the transfer of hydrogen ionizing radiation in simplified geometries relevant to astronomy and cosmology. We present example solutions for three specific cases: 1) a semi-infinite slab gas distribution in a homogeneous isotropic background, 2) a spherically symmetric gas distribution with a point source at the center, and 3) a spherically symmetric gas distribution in a homogeneous isotropic background. All problems can accommodate arbitrary spectra and density profiles as input. The solutions include a treatment of both hydrogen and helium, a self-consistent calculation of equilibrium temperatures, and the transfer of recombination radiation. The core routines are written in Fortran 90 and then wrapped in Python leading to execution speeds thousands of times faster than equivalent routines written in pure Python. In addition, all variables have associated units for ease of analysis. The software is part of the Python Package Index and the source code is available on Bitbucket at https://bitbucket.org/galtay/rabacus . In addition, installation instructions and a detailed users guide are available at http://pythonhosted.org//rabacus .
description: Accepted by Astronomy and Computing
Measurement of electric-field noise from interchangeable samples with a trapped-ion sensor
Creators: name: McKay, Kyle S.
name: Hite, Dustin A.
name: Kent, Philip D.
name: Kotler, Shlomi
name: Leibfried, Dietrich
name: Slichter, Daniel H.
name: Wilson, Andrew C.
name: Pappas, David P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the use of a single trapped ion as a sensor to probe electric-field noise from interchangeable test surfaces. As proof of principle, we measure the magnitude and distance dependence of electric-field noise from two ion-trap-like samples with patterned Au electrodes. This trapped-ion sensor could be combined with other surface characterization tools to help elucidate the mechanisms that give rise to electric-field noise from ion-trap surfaces. Such noise presents a significant hurdle for performing large-scale trapped-ion quantum computations.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Spin characters of hyperoctahedral wreath products
Creators: name: Hu, Xiaoli
name: Jing, Naihuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The irreducible spin character values of the wreath products of the hyperoctahedral groups with an arbitrary finite group are determined.
description: 19 pages, 1 table
The Impostors: Stealing Money, Damaging Lives. An AARP National Survey of Adults 18+
Creators: name: AARP
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2022

description: Time spent online (8); used online dating sites (10); has developed romantic relationship with someone you never met (1); personalities traits (9); concern about scams (1); romance scams (6); grandparent scam (8); government impostor scam (8); census scam (8); first contact with scammer (6); identity theft (2); scam awareness true or false(16).
An electric vehicle charging station access equilibrium model with M/D/C queueing
Creators: name: Liu, Bingqing
name: Pantelidis, Theodoros P.
name: Tam, Stephanie
name: Chow, Joseph Y. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Despite the dependency of electric vehicle (EV) fleets on charging station availability, charging infrastructure remains limited in many cities. Three contributions are made. First, we propose an EV-to-charging station user equilibrium (UE) assignment model with a M/D/C queue approximation as a nondifferentiable nonlinear program. Second, to address the non-differentiability of the queue delay function, we propose an original solution algorithm based on the derivative-free Method of Successive Averages. Computational tests with a toy network show that the model converges to a UE. A working code in Python is provided free on Github with detailed test cases. Third, the model is applied to the large-scale case study of New York City Department of Citywide Administrative Services (NYC DCAS) fleet and EV charging station configuration as of July 8, 2020, which includes unique, real data for 563 Level 2 chargers and 4 Direct Current Fast Chargers (DCFCs) and 1484 EVs distributed over 512 Traffic Analysis Zones. The arrival rates of the assignment model are calibrated in the base scenario to fit an observed average utilization ratio of 7.6% in NYC. The model is then applied to compare charging station investment policies of DCFCs to Level 2 charging stations based on two alternative criteria. Results suggest a policy based on selecting locations with high utilization ratio instead of with high queue delay.
Perturbative renormalisation for not-quite-connected bialgebras
Creators: name: Kock, Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81T15 (primary), 16T10, 16T30 (secondary)

description: We observe that the Connes--Kreimer Hopf-algebraic approach to perturbative renormalisation works not just for Hopf algebras but more generally for filtered bialgebras $B$ with the property that $B_0$ is spanned by group-like elements (e.g. pointed bialgebras with the coradical filtration). Such bialgebras occur naturally both in Quantum Field Theory, where they have some attractive features, and elsewhere in Combinatorics, where they cover a comprehensive class of incidence bialgebras. In particular, the setting allows us to interpret Möbius inversion as an instance of renormalisation.
description: 12 pages, comments are most welcome
Spiky strings in de Sitter space
Creators: name: Kato, Mitsuhiro
name: Nishii, Kanji
name: Noumi, Toshifumi
name: Takeuchi, Toshiaki
name: Zhou, Siyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study semiclassical spiky strings in de Sitter space and the corresponding Regge trajectories, generalizing the analysis in anti-de Sitter space. In particular we demonstrate that each Regge trajectory has a maximum spin due to de Sitter acceleration, similarly to the folded string studied earlier. While this property is useful for the spectrum to satisfy the Higuchi bound, it makes a nontrivial question how to maintain mildness of high-energy string scattering which we are familiar with in flat space and anti-de Sitter space. Our analysis implies that in order to have infinitely many higher spin states, one needs to consider infinitely many Regge trajectories with an increasing folding number.
description: 31 pages, 16 figures: version published in JHEP
title: Accounting for vulnerability
Creators: name: Kuhlmann, Finia
Publisher: name: London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
Year: 2022

description: This thesis investigates accounting practices and processes, which strive to account for vulnerability, across three substantive papers, supplemented by an introductory synopsis and methodological reflections. Paper one “Governing Vulnerability: Constituting vulnerable subjects within a neoliberal regime of social care” seeks to understand how notions of vulnerability are conceptualised across social care discourses. A document analysis demonstrates that vulnerability is turned from a threat to neoliberal ambitions into a governable object. It suggests that the ‘vulnerable subject’ is constituted as calculable in risk terms and as desiring towards independence and responsibility – characteristics commonly associated with neoliberal subject notions. While paper one shows how the ‘vulnerable subject’ is constituted on a discursive level, paper two and three draw on an organisational ethnographic study in a social care organisation. Paper two “Dignifying Representations: Constructing an accounting framework for a care service” demonstrates how staff employ different strategies for dignifying representations of vulnerable people in an accounting framework for quality standards, outcomes, and indicators. The paper draws attention to processes, which amend rather than oppose formal, standardised, and quantified accounts, by showing how actors seek to make the representations they need to deliver more appropriate. Paper three “Co-producing User Voices: Making up accounts of experiences of vulnerable service users” examines how feedback on the delivery of services is ‘co-produced’ in organisational attempts to meet the requirements of external bodies, such as commissioners and regulators. The analysis traces the co-production of accounts of user experiences in interactions between vulnerable users and organisational actors, and conceptualises co-production as an extended, continuous, and technically mediated process. Overall, the thesis provides reflections on what is at stake when accounting becomes a representation of vulnerable people, whose voices are rarely heard, and contributes to our understanding of accounting practices at the margins.
High-performance quantum entanglement generation via cascaded second-order nonlinear processes
Creators: name: Zhang, Zichang
name: Yuan, Chenzhi
name: Shen, Si
name: Yu, Hao
name: Zhang, Ruiming
name: Wang, Heqing
name: Li, Hao
name: Wang, You
name: Deng, Guangwei
name: Wang, Zhiming
name: You, Lixing
name: Wang, Zhen
name: Song, Haizhi
name: Guo, Guangcan
name: Zhou, Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we demonstrate the generation of high-performance entangled photon-pairs in different degrees of freedom from a single piece of fiber pigtailed periodically poled LiNbO$_3$ (PPLN) waveguide. We utilize cascaded second-order nonlinear optical processes, i.e. second-harmonic generation (SHG) and spontaneous parametric down conversion (SPDC), to generate photon-pairs. Previously, the performance of the photon pairs is contaminated by Raman noise photons from the fiber pigtails. Here by integrating the PPLN waveguide with noise rejecting filters, we obtain a coincidence-to-accidental ratio (CAR) higher than 52,600 with photon-pair generation and detection rate of 52.3 kHz and 3.5 kHz, respectively. Energy-time, frequency-bin and time-bin entanglement is prepared by coherently superposing correlated two-photon states in these degrees of freedom, respectively. The energy-time entangled two-photon states achieve the maximum value of CHSH-Bell inequality of S=2.708$\pm$0.024 with a two-photon interference visibility of 95.74$\pm$0.86%. The frequency-bin entangled two-photon states achieve fidelity of 97.56$\pm$1.79% with a spatial quantum beating visibility of 96.85$\pm$2.46%. The time-bin entangled two-photon states achieve the maximum value of CHSH-Bell inequality of S=2.595$\pm$0.037 and quantum tomographic fidelity of 89.07$\pm$4.35%. Our results provide a potential candidate for quantum light source in quantum photonics.
description: 29 pages,7 figures