cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Funding gap for immunization across 94 low- and middle-income countries
Creators: name: Brenzel, Logan
name: Ozawa, Sachiko
name: Grewal, Simrun
name: Portnoy, Allison
name: Sinha, Anushua
name: Arilotta, Richard
name: Stack, Meghan L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Novel vaccine development and production has given rise to a growing number of vaccines that can prevent disease and save lives. In order to realize these health benefits, it is essential to ensure adequate immunization financing to enable equitable access to vaccines for people in all communities. This analysis estimates the full immunization program costs, projected available financing, and resulting funding gap for 94 low- and middle-income countries over five years (2016-2020). Vaccine program financing by country governments, Gavi, and other development partners was forecasted for vaccine, supply chain, and service delivery, based on an analysis of comprehensive multi-year plans together with a series of scenario and sensitivity analyses. Findings indicate that delivery of full vaccination programs across 94 countries would result in a total funding gap of $7.6 billion (95% uncertainty range: $4.6-$11.8 billion) over 2016-2020, with the bulk (98%) of the resources required for routine immunization programs. More than half (65%) of the resources to meet this funding gap are required for service delivery at $5.0 billion ($2.7-$8.4 billion) with an additional $1.1 billion ($0.9-$2.7 billion) needed for vaccines and $1.5 billion ($1.1-$2.0 billion) for supply chain. When viewed as a percentage of total projected costs, the funding gap represents 66% of projected supply chain costs, 30% of service delivery costs, and 9% of vaccine costs. On average, this funding gap corresponds to 0.2% of general government expenditures and 2.3% of government health expenditures. These results suggest greater need for country and donor resource mobilization and funding allocation for immunizations. Both service delivery and supply chain are important areas for further resource mobilization. Further research on the impact of advances in service delivery technology and reductions in vaccine prices beyond this decade would be important for efficient investment decisions for immunization.
Triply mixed coverings of arbitrary base curves: Quasimodularity, quantum curves and a mysterious topological recursions
Creators: name: Hahn, Marvin Anas
name: van Ittersum, Jan-Willem M.
name: Leid, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 14N10, 14T05, 11F11, 81S10 (Primary), 05A05, 05A15, 05E10, 14N35, 32G15 (Secondary)

description: Simple Hurwitz numbers enumerate branched morphisms between Riemann surfaces with fixed ramification data. In recent years, several variants of this notion for genus $0$ base curves have appeared in the literature. Among them are so-called monotone Hurwitz numbers, which are related to the HCIZ integral in random matrix theory and strictly monotone Hurwitz numbers which count certain Grothendieck dessins d'enfants. We generalise the notion of Hurwitz numbers to interpolations between simple, monotone and strictly monotone Hurwitz numbers to any genus and any number of arbitrary but fixed ramification profiles. This yields generalisations of several results known for Hurwitz numbers. When the target surface is of genus one, we show that the generating series of these interpolated Hurwitz numbers are quasimodular forms. In the case that all ramification is simple, we refine this result by writing this series as a sum of quasimodular forms corresonding to tropical covers weighted by Gromov-Witten invariants. Moreover, we derive a quantum curve for monotone and Grothendieck dessins d'enfants Hurwitz numbers for arbitrary genera and one arbitrary but fixed ramification profile. Thus, we obtain spectral curves via the semiclassical limit as input data for the CEO topological recursion. Astonishingly, we find that the CEO topological recursion for the genus $1$ spectral curve of the strictly monotone Hurwitz numbers compute the monotone Hurwitz numbers in genus $0$. Thus, we give a new proof that monotone Hurwitz numbers satisfy CEO topological recursion. This points to an unknown relation between those enumerants. Finally, specializing to target surface $\mathbb{P}^1$, we find recursions for monotone and Grothendieck dessins d'enfants double Hurwitz numbers, which enables the computation of the respective Hurwitz numbers for any genera with one arbitrary but fixed ramification profile.
description: 41 pages
Annette Froehlich and Vincent Seffinga (eds.), National Space Legislation: a Comparative and Evaluative Analysis. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. pp. 188. ISBN 978-3-319-70431-9.
Creators: name: Sousa, Bruno Reynaud De
Publisher: name: Católica Law Review
Year: 2019

description: Católica Law Review, v. 3 n. 1 (2019): Direito público
Immunogenicity and efficacy of alphavirus-derived replicon vaccines for respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus in nonhuman primates
Creators: name: Smith-House, Frances
name: Slaughter, James C.
name: Pickens, Jennifer A.
name: Johnston, Robert E.
name: Johnson, Monika
name: Bates, John T.
name: Tollefson, Sharon J.
name: Davis, Nancy L.
name: Crowe, James E.
name: Schuster, Jennifer E.
name: Schultz-Darken, Nancy
name: Williams, John V.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) and human metapneumovirus (hMPV) are major causes of illness among children, the elderly, and the immunocompromised. No vaccine has been licensed for protection against either of these viruses. We tested the ability of two Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus-based viral replicon particle (VEE-VRP) vaccines that express the hRSV or hMPV fusion (F) protein to confer protection against hRSV or hMPV in African green monkeys. Animals immunized with VEE-VRP vaccines developed RSV or MPV F-specific antibodies and serum neutralizing activity. Compared to control animals, immunized animals were better able to control viral load in the respiratory mucosa following challenge and had lower levels of viral genome in nasopharyngeal and bronchoalveolar lavage fluids. The high level of immunogenicity and protective efficacy induced by these vaccine candidates in nonhuman primates suggest that they hold promise for further development.
The inner knot of the Crab nebula
Creators: name: Lyutikov, Maxim
name: Komissarov, Serguei
name: Porth, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We model the inner knot of the Crab Nebula as a synchrotron emission coming from the non-spherical MHD termination shock of relativistic pulsar wind. The post-shock flow is mildly relativistic; as a result the Doppler-beaming has a strong impact on the shock appearance. The model can reproduce the knot location, size, elongation, brightness distribution, luminosity and polarization provided the effective magnetization of the section of the pulsar wind producing the knot is low, $σ\leq 1$. In the striped wind model, this implies that the striped zone is rather wide, with the magnetic inclination angle of the Crab pulsar $\ge 45^\circ$; this agrees with the previous model-dependent estimate based on the gamma-ray emission of the pulsar. We conclude that the tiny knot is indeed a bright spot on the surface of a quasi-stationary magnetic relativistic shock and that this shock is a site of efficient particle acceleration. On the other hand, the deduced low magnetization of the knot plasma implies that this is an unlikely site for the Crab's gamma-ray flares, if they are related to the fast relativistic magnetic reconnection events.
description: 16 pages, 17 figures
Structural Transitions in Ge2Sb2Te5 Phase Change Memory Thin Films Induced by Nanosecond UV Optical Pulses
Creators: name: Behrens, Mario
name: Lotnyk, Andriy
name: Bryja, Hagen
name: Gerlach, Jürgen W.
name: Rauschenbach, Bernd
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Electron microscopy
subject: Optical switching
subject: Phase change materials
subject: Phase transitions
subject: Thin films
subject: 600

description: Ge-Sb-Te-based phase change memory alloys have recently attracted a lot of attention due to their promising applications in the fields of photonics, non-volatile data storage, and neuromorphic computing. Of particular interest is the understanding of the structural changes and underlying mechanisms induced by short optical pulses. This work reports on structural changes induced by single nanosecond UV laser pulses in amorphous and epitaxial Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) thin films. The phase changes within the thin films are studied by a combined approach using X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The results reveal different phase transitions such as crystalline-to-amorphous phase changes, interface assisted crystallization of the cubic GST phase and structural transformations within crystalline phases. In particular, it is found that crystalline interfaces serve as crystallization templates for epitaxial formation of metastable cubic GST phase upon phase transitions. By varying the laser fluence, GST thin films consisting of multiple phases and different amorphous to crystalline volume ratios can be achieved in this approach, offering a possibility of multilevel data storage and realization of memory devices with very low resistance drift. In addition, this work demonstrates amorphization and crystallization of GST thin films by using only one UV laser with one single pulse duration and one wavelength. Overall, the presented results offer new perspectives on switching pathways in Ge-Sb-Te-based materials and show the potential of epitaxial Ge-Sb-Te thin films for applications in advanced phase change memory concepts.
Provider-reported acceptance and use of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention messages and materials to support HPV vaccine recommendation for adolescent males
Creators: name: Scherr,
name: Malo,
name: Augusto,
name: Ali,
name: Vadaparampil,
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: We evaluated Florida-based physicians’ awareness and use of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) “You are the Key” campaign website, including messages to support physicians’ human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine recommendations.
The complexity classes of angular diagrams of the metal conductivity in strong magnetic fields
Creators: name: Maltsev, A. Ya.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider angular diagrams describing the dependence of the magnetic conductivity of metals on the direction of the magnetic field in rather strong fields. As it can be shown, all angular conductivity diagrams can be divided into a finite number of classes with different complexity. The greatest interest among such diagrams is represented by diagrams with the maximal complexity, which can occur for metals with rather complicated Fermi surfaces. In describing the structure of complex diagrams, in addition to the description of the conductivity itself, the description of the Hall conductivity for different directions of the magnetic field plays very important role. For the evaluation of the complexity of angular diagrams of the conductivity of metals, it is convenient also to compare such diagrams with the full mathematical diagrams that are defined (formally) for the entire dispersion relation.
description: 24 pages, 32 figures, revtex
Dry-jet wet spinning of thermally stable lignin-textile grade polyacrylonitrile fibers regenerated from chloride-based ionic liquids compounds
Creators: name: Al Aiti, Muhannad
name: Das, Amit
name: Kanerva, Mikko
name: Järventausta, Maija
name: Johansson, Petri
name: Scheffler, Christina
name: Göbel, Michael
name: Jehnichen, Dieter
name: Brünig, Harald
name: Wulff, Lucas
name: Boye, Susanne
name: Arnhold, Kerstin
name: Kuusipalo, Jurkka
name: Heinrich, Gert
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dry-jet wet spinning
subject: Entropy elastic shrinkage
subject: Fiber structure formation
subject: Lignin
subject: Precursor fibers
subject: Semi-crystalline structure
subject: Stabilization kinetics
subject: 600

description: In this paper, we report on the use of amorphous lignin, a waste by-product of the paper industry, for the production of high performance carbon fibers (CF) as precursor with improved thermal stability and thermo-mechanical properties. The precursor was prepared by blending of lignin with polyacrylonitrile (PAN), which was previously dissolved in an ionic liquid. The fibers thus produced offered very high thermal stability as compared with the fiber consisting of pure PAN. The molecular compatibility, miscibility, and thermal stability of the system were studied by means of shear rheological measurements. The achieved mechanical properties were found to be related to the temperature-dependent relaxation time (consistence parameter) of the spinning dope and the diffusion kinetics of the ionic liquids from the fibers into the coagulation bath. Furthermore, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and dynamic mechanical tests (DMA) were utilized to understand in-depth the thermal and the stabilization kinetics of the developed fibers and the impact of lignin on the stabilization process of the fibers. Low molecular weight lignin increased the thermally induced physical shrinkage, suggesting disturbing effects on the semi-crystalline domains of the PAN matrix, and suppressed the chemically induced shrinkage of the fibers. The knowledge gained throughout the present paper allows summarizing a novel avenue to develop lignin-based CF designed with adjusted thermal stability.
Extradition and trial delays: recent developments (and lessons?) from Canada
Creators: name: Currie, Robert J.
name: Ellyson, Laura
Publisher: name: Católica Law Review
Year: 2018

description: Extradition – the formal rendition of criminal fugitives between states – is well-known to be a time-consuming process that often has impacts, minor or major, on the ability of states to complete prosecution in a timely manner. Thus, the extradition process can sometimes be at odds with the right to trial within a reasonable time, which is part of the overall package of fair trial rights enshrined in international human rights law. In Canada, this right is implemented by paragraph 11(b) of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. In recent years, Canadian courts have developed a series of principles to be applied to cases where extradition is involved in claims of trial delay. These range from the prosecution’s obligation to pursue timely trial in a diligent manner, to the extent to which extradition should simply be treated as procedurally neutral, to the attribution of delays when an accused has deliberately left the country to avoid prosecution. This body of case law is surveyed and analysed in this article, as a means of providing an illustrative example of state practice regarding this right. The authors conclude that, while Canadian law on this question is not entirely coherent internally, it generally complies with international standards.
description: Católica Law Review, v. 2 n. 3 (2018): Direito penal
Crassa crouaniorum Gurgel, J. N. Norris et Fredericq 2018, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Gurgel, Carlos Frederico D.
name: Norris, James N.
name: Schmidt, William E.
name: Le, Hau Nhu
name: Fredericq, Suzanne
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Rhodophyta
Florideophyceae
Gracilariales
Gracilariaceae
Crassa
Crassa crouaniorum

description: Crassa crouaniorum (Lyra, Nunes et Davis) Gurgel, J.N. Norris et Fredericq, comb. nov.
 BASIONYM: Plocaria crassissima P.Crouan & H.Crouan in Schramm & Mazé 1865: 20.
 SYNONYMS: Gracilaria crouaniorum Lyra, J.M.C.Nunes et C.C.Davis, in Lyra et al. 2015: 364. Note: this is a new name for Gracilaria secunda P.Crouan et H.Crouan in Schramm & Mazé (1865: 19), which is a later homonym of the illegitimate name G. secunda (C.Agardh) Zanardini (1840: 240).
 PERTINENT SYNONYMS: Hydropuntia secunda Gurgel & Fredericq 2004.
TYPE LOCALITY: Moule (Vieux-Bourg), Guadeloupe, F. W. I.
 TYPE: BM, coll. No. 95, 1 st series, specimen from April 1857 (cystocarpic)
REMARKS: For phylogenetic evidence see Gurgel & Fredericq (2004).
description: Published as part of Gurgel, Carlos Frederico D., Norris, James N., Schmidt, William E., Le, Hau Nhu & Fredericq, Suzanne, 2018, Systematics of the Gracilariales (Rhodophyta) including new subfamilies, tribes, subgenera, and two new genera, Agarophyton gen. nov. and Crassa gen. nov., pp. 1-23 in Phytotaxa 374 (1) on page 11, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.374.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13727130
Mobilome, on-farm biopurification system Kortrijk
Creators: name: BGI
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2015
Subjects: metagenome
Environment

description: Biopurification system (BPS) are used to treat pesticide wastewater streams on farmyards. The matrix consists of a mixture of agricultural soil and straw and by the pesticide application these environments are highly enriched in pesticides. BPSmatrix samples originating from the BPS in Kortrijk were described before (Dealtry, Holmsgaard, et al., 2014), aiming to study the seasonal changes in the pool of MGE content as well as the pesticide compounds that were loaded on the BPS matrix. Samples were collected before start-up in March and during the spraying season in July and September of the agricultural season of 2011. An additional sampling taken just after the seasonal shut down of the BPS in December 2011, is included in this study.Here by a novel metagenomic tool, the accessory genes of the IS1071 composite transposons and IncP-1 plasmids was targeted by means of a long range PCR method. Aiming to further study the ecological significance of these mobile genetic elements in pesticide contaminated environments.Dealtry S, Holmsgaard PN, Dunon V, et al. (2014) Shifts in abundance and diversity of mobile genetic elements to diverse pesticides introduced into an on-farm biopurification system over a year.
Incorporating social practices in BDI agent systems
Creators: name: Cranefield, Stephen
name: Dignum, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: When agents interact with humans, either through embodied agents or because they are embedded in a robot, it would be easy if they could use fixed interaction protocols as they do with other agents. However, people do not keep fixed protocols in their day-to-day interactions and the environments are often dynamic, making it impossible to use fixed protocols. Deliberating about interactions from fundamentals is not very scalable either, because in that case all possible reactions of a user have to be considered in the plans. In this paper we argue that social practices can be used as an inspiration for designing flexible and scalable interaction mechanisms that are also robust. However, using social practices requires extending the traditional BDI deliberation cycle to monitor landmark states and perform expected actions by leveraging existing plans. We define and implement this mechanism in Jason using a periodically run meta-deliberation plan, supported by a metainterpreter, and illustrate its use in a realistic scenario.
description: An extended abstract of this paper has been accepted for the Eighteenth International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems (AAMAS), 2019
Mobilome, pristine biopurification system
Creators: name: BGI
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2015
Subjects: metagenome
Environment

description: Biopurification system are used as purification system of pesticide wastewater streams. Here we present a pristine artificial BPS composed of commercial flower soil coconut chips and straw. No history of pesticide treatment has been recorded and regarded as a pristine environment unadapted to pesticide pollution.
Flavour Physics and Implication for New Phenomena
Creators: name: Isidori, Gino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Flavour physics represents one of the most interesting and, at the same time, less understood sector of the Standard Theory. On the one hand, the peculiar pattern of quark and lepton masses, and their mixing angles, may be the clue to some new dynamics occurring at high-energy scales. On the other hand, the strong suppression of flavour-changing neutral-current processes, predicted by the Standard Theory and confirmed by experiments, represents a serious challenge to extend the Theory. This article reviews both these aspects of flavour physics from a theoretical perspective.
description: Contribution to "The Standard Theory up to the Higgs discovery - 60 years of CERN", Ed. by L. Maiani and G. Rolandi (v2: minor typos corrected)
Oxidatively Modified Proteins: Cause and Control of Diseases
Creators: name: Clemen, Ramona
name: Bekeschus, Sander
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunogenicity
subject: MHC
subject: Post-translational modifications
subject: 600

description: Proteins succumb to numerous post-translational modifications (PTMs). These relate to enzymatic or non-enzymatic reactions taking place in either the intracellular or extracellular compartment. While intracellular oxidative changes are mainly due to redox stress, extracellular PTMs may be induced in an inflammatory micro milieu that is rich in reactive species. The increasing recognition of oxidative modifications as a causing agent or side-effect of pathophysiological states and diseases puts oxidative PTMS (oxPTMs) into the spotlight of inflammation research. Pathological hyper-modification of proteins can lead to accumulation, aggregation, cell stress, altered antigenic peptides, and damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP)-like recognition by host immunity. Such processes are linked to cardiovascular disease and autoinflammation. At the same time, a detailed understanding of the mechanisms governing inflammatory responses to oxPTMs may capitalize on new therapeutic routes for enhancing adaptive immune responses as needed, for instance, in oncology. We here summarize some of the latest developments of oxPTMs in disease diagnosis and therapy. Potential target proteins and upcoming technologies, such as gas plasmas, are outlined for future research that may aid in identifying the molecular basis of immunogenic vs. tolerogenic oxPTMs.
Q-lumps on a Domain Wall with a Spin-Orbit Interaction
Creators: name: Blyankinshtein, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nonlinear O(3) sigma-model in (2+1) dimensions with an additional potential term admits solutions called Q-lumps, having both topological and Noether charges. We consider in 3+1-dimensional spacetime the theory with Q-lumps on a domain wall in the presence of spin-orbit interaction in the bulk and find interaction effects for a two-particle solution through perturbation theory and adiabatic approximation.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, references added
Deformations of CR maps and applications
Creators: name: della Sala, Giuseppe
name: Lamel, Bernhard
name: Reiter, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the deformation theory of CR maps in the positive codimensional case. In particular, we study structural properties of the {\em mapping locus} $E$ of (germs of nondegenerate) holomorphic maps $H \colon (M,p) \to M'$ between generic real submanifolds $M \subset \mathbb C^N$ and $M' \subset \mathbb C^{N'}$, defined to be the set of points $p' \in M'$ which admit such a map with $H(p) = p'$. We show that this set $E$ is semi-analytic and provide examples for which $E$ posseses (prescribed) singularities.
A Proibição da Tortura (art. 3.º da CEDH): a atualidade inabalável de um direito humano central
Creators: name: Esser, Robert
Publisher: name: Católica Law Review
Year: 2018

description: A tortura, enquanto fenómeno humano e social, esteve sempre presente ao longo da história da Humanidade, tendo sido registado ao longo dos tempos. Recentemente, com a promoção de direitos humanos e da dignidade da pessoa humana, a proibição da tortura tem sido promovida pelo ordenamento jurídico internacional, bem como pela maioria dos ordenamentos jurídicos nacionais. Contudo, problemas relacionados com esta proibição continuam a ser levantados, apesar da clara proibição da tortura. O presente estudo visa analisar o fenómeno da tortura, começando por desenvolver as suas origens históricas, passando pela análise da mesma no plano internacional e no contexto do ordenamento jurídico alemão, focando-se em casos controversos, case studies e aspetos do regime e da legislação vigente que se suscitem a propósito da proibição da tortura. Conclui-se, a este propósito, que ainda que a proibição da tortura seja relativamente clara, a sua concretização no plano substantivo e prático não é sempre evidente, sendo sempre necessária uma análise das circunstâncias concretas, sem nunca se desviar do vetor fundamental proibitivo da tortura.
description: Católica Law Review, v. 2 n. 3 (2018): Direito penal
Optimal Lower Bound on the Least Singular Value of the Shifted Ginibre Ensemble
Creators: name: Cipolloni, Giorgio
name: Erdős, László
name: Schröder, Dominik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60B20, 15B52

description: We consider the least singular value of a large random matrix with real or complex i.i.d. Gaussian entries shifted by a constant $z\in\mathbb{C}$. We prove an optimal lower tail estimate on this singular value in the critical regime where $z$ is around the spectral edge thus improving the classical bound of [Sankar, Spielman, Teng, 2006] in the edge regime. Lacking Brézin-Hikami formulas in the real case, we rely on the superbosonization formula [Littelmann, Sommers, Zirnbauer, 2008].
description: Added additional references to the supersymmetric literature. 37 pages
What is the difference between open access and free access ما الفرق بين الوصول المفتوح والوصول المجاني
Creators: name: I.Al-Mosawi, Ali
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 399999
subject: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.25385.16484
Crassa secundata Gurgel, J. N. Norris et Fredericq 2018, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Gurgel, Carlos Frederico D.
name: Norris, James N.
name: Schmidt, William E.
name: Le, Hau Nhu
name: Fredericq, Suzanne
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Rhodophyta
Florideophyceae
Gracilariales
Gracilariaceae
Crassa
Crassa secundata

description: Crassa secundata (Harvey) Gurgel, J.N.Norris et Fredericq, comb. nov.
 BASIONYM: Gracilaria secundata Harvey 1863: xxxv, 432
TYPE LOCALITY: Kiama, New South Wales, Australia.
HOLOTYPE: Herbarium Harvey, TCD, TCD#0012176
 REMARKS: for phylogenetic evidence see Lyra et al. (2015).
description: Published as part of Gurgel, Carlos Frederico D., Norris, James N., Schmidt, William E., Le, Hau Nhu & Fredericq, Suzanne, 2018, Systematics of the Gracilariales (Rhodophyta) including new subfamilies, tribes, subgenera, and two new genera, Agarophyton gen. nov. and Crassa gen. nov., pp. 1-23 in Phytotaxa 374 (1) on page 11, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.374.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13727130
Health Technology Assessment for Molecular Diagnostics: Practices, Challenges, and Recommendations from the Medical Devices and Diagnostics Special Interest Group
Creators: name: Postulka, Anne
name: Zah, Vladimir
name: Lu, Christine Y.
name: Polisena, Julie
name: Longacre, Michael
name: Faulkner, Eric
name: Tiwana, Simrandeep K.
name: Spinner, Daryl S.
name: Poulios, Nick
name: Garfield, Susan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: AbstractBackgroundHealth technology assessments (HTAs) are increasingly used to inform coverage, access, and utilization of medical technologies including molecular diagnostics (MDx). Although MDx are used to screen patients and inform disease management and treatment decisions, there is no uniform approach to their evaluation by HTA organizations.ObjectivesThe International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research Devices and Diagnostics Special Interest Group reviewed diagnostic-specific HTA programs and identified elements representing common and best practices.MethodsMDx-specific HTA programs in Europe, Australia, and North America were characterized by methodology, evaluation framework, and impact. Published MDx HTAs were reviewed, and five representative case studies of test evaluations were developed: United Kingdom (National Institute for Health and Care Excellence's Diagnostics Assessment Programme, epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase mutation), United States (Palmetto's Molecular Diagnostic Services Program, OncotypeDx prostate cancer test), Germany (Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Healthcare, human papillomavirus testing), Australia (Medical Services Advisory Committee, anaplastic lymphoma kinase testing for non–small cell lung cancer), and Canada (Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health, Rapid Response: Non-invasive Prenatal Testing).ResultsOverall, the few HTA programs that have MDx-specific methods do not provide clear parameters of acceptability related to clinical and analytic performance, clinical utility, and economic impact. The case studies highlight similarities and differences in evaluation approaches across HTAs in the performance metrics used (analytic and clinical validity, clinical utility), evidence requirements, and how value is measured. Not all HTAs are directly linked to reimbursement outcomes.ConclusionsTo improve MDx HTAs, organizations should provide greater transparency, better communication and collaboration between industry and HTA stakeholders, clearer links between HTA and funding decisions, explicit recognition of and rationale for differential approaches to laboratory-developed versus regulatory-approved test, and clear evidence requirements.
Pesticide treated soil microcosm mobilome
Creators: name: BGI
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2015
Subjects: metagenome
Environment

description: The soil microcosm (SM) experiment has been described before (Bers et al., 2013) and aimed at assessing the role of Variovorax in linuron mineralization in agricultural soil. Here by a novel metagenomic tool, the accessory genes of the IS1071 composite transposons was targeted by means of a long range PCR method. Aiming to further study the ecological significance of these mobile genetic elements in pesticide contaminated environments. Briefly, the SM consisted of small glass columns filled with soil originating from a field with a history of linuron treatment. Irrigation was performed discontinuously with sterile tapwater contaning linuron (60 mg/L) with an average irrigation of 0.5 mL per day. The SM was incubated at 25°C and after 78 days, irrigation was ceased for 31 days but was resumed on day 110. DNA samples were taken at day 491 of the incubation and the long range PCR performed to asses the IS1071 accessory load.Bers K, De Mot R & Springael D (2013) In situ response of the linuron degradation potential to linuron application in an agricultural field. FEMS microbiology ecology 1–14.
Semiclassical Virasoro Blocks from AdS$_3$ Gravity
Creators: name: Hijano, Eliot
name: Kraus, Per
name: Perlmutter, Eric
name: Snively, River
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a unified framework for the holographic computation of Virasoro conformal blocks at large central charge. In particular, we provide bulk constructions that correctly reproduce all semiclassical Virasoro blocks that are known explicitly from conformal field theory computations. The results revolve around the use of geodesic Witten diagrams, recently introduced in arXiv:1508.00501, evaluated in locally AdS$_3$ geometries generated by backreaction of heavy operators. We also provide an alternative computation of the heavy-light semiclassical block -- in which two external operators become parametrically heavy -- as a certain scattering process involving higher spin gauge fields in AdS$_3$; this approach highlights the chiral nature of Virasoro blocks. These techniques may be systematically extended to compute corrections to these blocks and to interpolate amongst the different semiclassical regimes.
description: 32 pages + refs. v2: fixed figure glitch
Oxygen deficiency and migration mediated electric polarization in Fe,Co-substituted SrTiO$_{3-δ}$
Creators: name: Cortes, Emilio A.
name: Ong, Shyue Ping
name: Ross, C. A.
name: Florez, Juan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use density functional theory (DFT) calculations to show that oxygen vacancies ($v_\mathrm{O}$) and mobility induce noncentrosymmetric polar structures in SrTi$_{1-x-y}$Fe$_{x}$Co$_{y}$O$_{3-δ}$ ($x=y=0.125$) with $δ= \{0.125, 0.25\}$, enhance the saturation magnetization and give rise to large changes in the electric polarization $\vertΔP\vert$. We present an intuitive set of rules for SrTiFeCoO$_{3-δ}$ (STFC), which are based on the interplay between (Co/Fe)-$v_\mathrm{O}$ defects, magnetic cations coordination and topological vacancy disorder. STFC structures convey layered crystals with sheets of linear organized O$_{4,5,6}$-coordinated Fe-Co pairs, sandwiched with layers of O$_{5}$-coordinated Ti. Co,Fe-$v_\mathrm{O}$ defects are the source of the crystal distortions, cations off-centering and bending of the oxygen octahedra, which added to the charge redistribution mediated by $v_\mathrm{O}$, the cations electronegativity and valence states trigger an effective electric polarization. Oxygen migrations for $δ=0.125$ provides us with $\vertΔ\mathbf{P}\vert$ $>\sim10 μ$C/cm$^2$ due to a quantum-of-polarization differences between $δ=0.125$ structures. Increasing the deficiency to $δ=0.25$ yields $\vertΔ\mathbf{P}\vert$ whose O-migration resolved polarization for $δ=0.25$ is $>\sim3 μ$C/cm$^2$ in the worst case scenario. Magnetism is dominated by the Fe,Co spin states for $δ=0.125$ while there is a raid of Ti magnetic moments ($\sim1μ_{B}$) for $δ=0.25$. Magnetic and electric order parameters change for variations of $δ$ or oxygen migrations for a given deficiency. Our results capture characteristics observed in the end-members of the series SrTi(Co,Fe)O$_{3}$, and suggest the existence of a broader set of rules for oxygen deficient multiferroic oxides.
Crassa punctata Gurgel, J. N. Norris et Fredericq 2018, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Gurgel, Carlos Frederico D.
name: Norris, James N.
name: Schmidt, William E.
name: Le, Hau Nhu
name: Fredericq, Suzanne
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Rhodophyta
Florideophyceae
Gracilariales
Gracilariaceae
Crassa
Crassa punctata

description: Crassa punctata (Okamura) Gurgel, J.N.Norris et Fredericq, comb. nov.
 BASIONYM: Rhodymenia punctata Okamura 1929: pl. 258
 PERTINENT SYNONYM: Gracilaria punctata (Okamura) Yamada 1941: 203
TYPE LOCALITY: Prov. Tosa. Japan.
HOLOTYPE: SAP, SAP#84069, 8 Aug. 1933, leg. K. Okamura.
 REMARKS: For phylogenetic evidence see Lin (2006), and Lyra et al. (2015).
description: Published as part of Gurgel, Carlos Frederico D., Norris, James N., Schmidt, William E., Le, Hau Nhu & Fredericq, Suzanne, 2018, Systematics of the Gracilariales (Rhodophyta) including new subfamilies, tribes, subgenera, and two new genera, Agarophyton gen. nov. and Crassa gen. nov., pp. 1-23 in Phytotaxa 374 (1) on page 11, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.374.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13727130
Refraction of light by light in vacuum
Creators: name: Sarazin, X.
name: Couchot, F.
name: Djannati-Atai, A.
name: Guilbaud, O.
name: Kazamias, S.
name: Pittman, M.
name: Urban, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In very intense electromagnetic fields, the vacuum refractive index is expected to be modified due to nonlinear quantum electrodynamics (QED) properties. Several experimental tests using high intensity lasers have been proposed to observe electromagnetic nonlinearities in vacuum, such as the diffraction or the reflection of intense laser pulses. We propose a new approach which consists in observing the refraction, i.e. the rotation of the waveplanes of a probe laser pulse crossing a transverse vacuum index gradient. The latter is produced by the interaction of two very intense and ultra short laser pulses, used as pump pulses. At the maximum of the index gradient, the refraction angle of the probe pulse is estimated to be $0.2 \times (\frac{w_0}{10 \mathrm{μm}})^{-3} \times \frac{I}{1 \mathrm{J}}$~picoradians, where $I$ is the total energy of the two pump pulses and $w_0$ is the minimum waist (fwhm) at the interaction area. Assuming the most intense laser pulses attainable by the LASERIX facility ($I = 25$~J, 30~fs fwhm duration, 800~nm central wavelength) and assuming a minimum waist of $w=10 \mathrm{μm}$ (fwhm) (corresponding to an intensity of the order of $10^{21}$~W/cm$^2$), the expected maximum refraction angle is about 5~picoradians. An experimental setup, using a Sagnac interferometer, is proposed to perform this measurement.
description: Accepted for publication in Eur. Phys. Journal D
Replica-symmetric approach to the typical eigenvalue fluctuations of Gaussian random matrices
Creators: name: Metz, Fernando L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss an approach to compute the first and second moments of the number of eigenvalues $I_N$ that lie in an arbitrary interval of the real line for $N \times N$ Gaussian random matrices. The method combines the standard replica-symmetric theory with a perturbative expansion of the saddle-point action up to $O(1/N)$ ($N \gg 1$), leading to the correct logarithmic scaling of the variance $\langle I_{N}^{2} \rangle - \langle I_N \rangle^2 = O(\ln N)$ as well as to an analytical expression for the $O(1/N)$ correction to the average $\langle I_N \rangle/N$. Standard results for the number variance at the local scaling regime are recovered in the limit of a vanishing interval. The limitations of the replica-symmetric method are unveiled by comparing our results with those derived through exact methods. The present work represents an important step to study the fluctuations of $I_N$ in non-invariant random matrix ensembles, where the joint distribution of eigenvalues is not known.
description: 17 pages, 2 figures
Psychometric Properties of the Four-Item Morisky Green Levine Medication Adherence Scale among Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study Participants
Creators: name: Stearns, Sally C.
name: Rodgers, Jo E.
name: Reeve, Bryce B.
name: Beyhaghi, Hadi
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: To evaluate the reliability and factorial validity of the four-item Morisky Green Levine Medication Adherence Scale (MGLS) among Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study participants.
Geometric pumping in autophoretic channels
Creators: name: Michelin, Sebastien
name: Johnson, Thomas D. Montenegro
name: De Canio, Gabriele
name: Lobato-Dauzier, Nicolas
name: Lauga, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many microfluidic devices use macroscopic pressure differentials to overcome viscous friction and generate flows in microchannels. In this work, we investigate how the chemical and geometric properties of the channel walls can drive a net flow by exploiting the autophoretic slip flows induced along active walls by local concentration gradients of a solute species. We show that chemical patterning of the wall is not required to generate and control a net flux within the channel, rather channel geometry alone is sufficient. Using numerical simulations, we determine how geometric characteristics of the wall influence channel flow rate, and confirm our results analytically in the asymptotic limit of lubrication theory.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures in Soft Matter, 2015
Mining International Political Norms from the GDELT Database
Creators: name: Murali, Rohit
name: Patnaik, Suravi
name: Cranefield, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Researchers have long been interested in the role that norms can play in governing agent actions in multi-agent systems. Much work has been done on formalising normative concepts from human society and adapting them for the government of open software systems, and on the simulation of normative processes in human and artificial societies. However, there has been comparatively little work on applying normative MAS mechanisms to understanding the norms in human society. This work investigates this issue in the context of international politics. Using the GDELT dataset, containing machine-encoded records of international events extracted from news reports, we extracted bilateral sequences of inter-country events and applied a Bayesian norm mining mechanism to identify norms that best explained the observed behaviour. A statistical evaluation showed that the normative model fitted the data significantly better than a probabilistic discrete event model.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures, pre-print for International Workshop on Coordination, Organizations, Institutions, Norms and Ethics for Governance of Multi-Agent Systems (COINE), co-located with AAMAS 2020
Whole Genome Sequencing of a cohort of Mapuche-Huilliche individuals from Southern Chile
Creators: name: BGI
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2016
Subjects: raw sequence reads
Multispecies

description: Whole human genome sequencing initiatives provide a compendium of human genetic variants that help us understand human and population history and the basis of genetic diseases. Current data mostly focuses on Old World populations and information on the genomic structure of Native Americans, especially those from the Southern Cone is scant. We present here a high quality complete genome sequence of a cohort of 11 Mapuche-Huilliche individuals (HUI) from Southern Chile. This cohort represents a marginally admixed Native American population from the Southern Cone that contributes to understanding the genetic structure of the contemporary admixed Chilean Latino population harboring a significant Mapuche-Huilliche genetic component. The high quality HUI genomes reported here should become a resource to help the international community in future genetic studies in modern Native American or admixed Latin populations with Native American ancestry.
Norm violation in online communities -- A study of Stack Overflow comments
Creators: name: Cheriyan, Jithin
name: Savarimuthu, Bastin Tony Roy
name: Cranefield, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.0, D.2.0

description: Norms are behavioral expectations in communities. Online communities are also expected to abide by the rules and regulations that are expressed in the code of conduct of a system. Even though community authorities continuously prompt their users to follow the regulations, it is observed that hate speech and abusive language usage are on the rise. In this paper, we quantify and analyze the patterns of violations of normative behaviour among the users of Stack Overflow (SO) - a well-known technical question-answer site for professionals and enthusiast programmers, while posting a comment. Even though the site has been dedicated to technical problem solving and debugging, hate speech as well as posting offensive comments make the community "toxic". By identifying and minimising various patterns of norm violations in different SO communities, the community would become less toxic and thereby the community can engage more effectively in its goal of knowledge sharing. Moreover, through automatic detection of such comments, the authors can be warned by the moderators, so that it is less likely to be repeated, thereby the reputation of the site and community can be improved. Based on the comments extracted from two different data sources on SO, this work first presents a taxonomy of norms that are violated. Second, it demonstrates the sanctions for certain norm violations. Third, it proposes a recommendation system that can be used to warn users that they are about to violate a norm. This can help achieve norm adherence in online communities.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables
Gracilariopsis oryzoides Gurgel, J. N. Norris et Fredericq 2018, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Gurgel, Carlos Frederico D.
name: Norris, James N.
name: Schmidt, William E.
name: Le, Hau Nhu
name: Fredericq, Suzanne
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Rhodophyta
Florideophyceae
Gigartinales
Gracilariaceae
Gracilariopsis
Gracilariopsis oryzoides

description: Gracilariopsis oryzoides (Setchell et H.L. Wilson) Gurgel, J.N.Norris et Fredericq, comb. nov.
 BASIONYM: Gracilariophila oryzoides Setchell et H.L. Wilson, in Wilson 1910: 81.
 TYPE LOCALITY: [on Gracilariopsis andersonii]; Fort Point (entrance to San Francisco Bay), San Francisco, San Francisco County, California, USA.
Plus the following species based on other published studies:
description: Published as part of Gurgel, Carlos Frederico D., Norris, James N., Schmidt, William E., Le, Hau Nhu & Fredericq, Suzanne, 2018, Systematics of the Gracilariales (Rhodophyta) including new subfamilies, tribes, subgenera, and two new genera, Agarophyton gen. nov. and Crassa gen. nov., pp. 1-23 in Phytotaxa 374 (1) on page 12, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.374.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13727130