cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Unifying O(3) Equivariant Neural Networks Design with Tensor-Network Formalism
Creators: name: Li, Zimu
name: Pengmei, Zihan
name: Zheng, Han
name: Thiede, Erik
name: Liu, Junyu
name: Kondor, Risi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many learning tasks, including learning potential energy surfaces from ab initio calculations, involve global spatial symmetries and permutational symmetry between atoms or general particles. Equivariant graph neural networks are a standard approach to such problems, with one of the most successful methods employing tensor products between various tensors that transform under the spatial group. However, as the number of different tensors and the complexity of relationships between them increase, maintaining parsimony and equivariance becomes increasingly challenging. In this paper, we propose using fusion diagrams, a technique widely employed in simulating SU($2$)-symmetric quantum many-body problems, to design new equivariant components for equivariant neural networks. This results in a diagrammatic approach to constructing novel neural network architectures. When applied to particles within a given local neighborhood, the resulting components, which we term "fusion blocks," serve as universal approximators of any continuous equivariant function defined in the neighborhood. We incorporate a fusion block into pre-existing equivariant architectures (Cormorant and MACE), leading to improved performance with fewer parameters on a range of challenging chemical problems. Furthermore, we apply group-equivariant neural networks to study non-adiabatic molecular dynamics of stilbene cis-trans isomerization. Our approach, which combines tensor networks with equivariant neural networks, suggests a potentially fruitful direction for designing more expressive equivariant neural networks.
description: 10 pages + 12-page supplementary materials, many figures
Clustering of galaxies around radio quasars at 0.5 < z < 0.8
Creators: name: Wold, M.
name: Lacy, M.
name: Lilje, P. B.
name: Serjeant, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have observed the galaxy environments around a sample of 21 radio-loud, steep-spectrum quasars at 0.5
description: 18 pages, 9 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Clinical characteristics, risk factors, and prognostic analyses of coronary small vessel disease: a retrospective cohort study of 986 patients
Creators: name: Chen, Yue
name: Cui, Xiao
name: Jiang, Liujun
name: Xu, Xiaolei
name: Huang, Chaoyang
name: Wang, Qiwen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Coronary small vessel disease (CSVD) is often associated with significant percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) related complications, complex lesions, complex PCI, and poor long-term prognosis. We designed this retrospective study to clarify the characteristics, risk factors, and prognostic analyses of CSVD in Chinese populations A total of 986 patients who underwent coronary angiography and stent implantation at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine were evaluated. Patients were grouped into CSVD or non-small vessel disease (non-CSVD) according to stent diameter. Clinical data, coronary angiography, and long-term follow-up were recorded. Multivariate logistic regression, the Kaplan–Meier method, Log-rank Test, and Cox regression model were used for statistical analysis. Alcohol consumption (OR = 0.420, 95% CI: 0.299–0.588, P < 0.001) was implicated as a negative CSVD correlation factor. CSVD was more likely to be associated with multi-vessel lesions (79.2% vs. 49.4%, P < 0.001), bifurcation lesions (24.0% vs. 12.4%, P < 0.001), chronic total obstruction lesions (29.5% vs. 9.4%, P < 0.001), and long lesions (55.2% vs. 35.7%, P < 0.001), which reduced the efficacy of revascularization (70.1% vs. 85.1%, P < 0.001). In the follow-ups, cardiac death (2.3% vs. 0.4%, P = 0.008), stroke (1.9% vs. 0.3%, P = 0.007), target lesion revascularization (5.8% vs. 2.9%, P = 0.029), target vessel revascularization (6.8% vs. 3.4%, P = 0.016), and non-target vessel revascularization (7.8% vs. 4.0%, P = 0.012) were all substantially higher in CSVD patients. Troponin I level (OR = 1.008, 95% CI: 1.004–1.012, P < 0.001), complete revascularization (OR = 0.292, 95% CI: 0.160–0.531, P < 0.001), and aspirin administration (OR = 0.041, 95% CI: 0.013–0.131, P < 0.001) were independent predictors of MACE events of all patients. Compared to non-CSVD, CSVD was associated with more complex lesions, had worse revascularization efficacy, and a poorer prognosis.
title: Lettre de Jacques Leibowitch à Arnaud Marty Lavauzelle
Creators: name: Leibowitch, Jacques
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: Source: http://www.calames.abes.fr/pub/ms/Calames-2019311113335127
title: ADCO, Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Cîteaux dit Cartulare Antiquum t.1 (début XIIIe siècle), Cart. 166 (11 H 64), 136 folios, f. 0116r
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: cartulaire
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge

description: Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Cîteaux dit Cartulare Antiquum t.1 (début XIIIe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 166 (11 H 64), 136 folios, f. 0116r, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Cîteaux dit Cartulare Antiquum t.1 (début XIIIe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 166 (11 H 64), 136 folios, f. 0116r, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
Coulomb-driven relativistic electron beam compression
Creators: name: Lu, Chao
name: Jiang, Tao
name: Liu, Shengguang
name: Wang, Rui
name: Zhao, Lingrong
name: Zhu, Pengfei
name: Xiang, Dao
name: Zhang, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coulomb interaction between charged particles is a well-known phenomenon in many areas of researches. In general the Coulomb repulsion force broadens the pulse width of an electron bunch and limits the temporal resolution of many scientific facilities such as ultrafast electron diffraction and x-ray free-electron lasers. Here we demonstrate a scheme that actually makes use of Coulomb force to compress a relativistic electron beam. Furthermore, we show that the Coulomb-driven bunch compression process does not introduce additional timing jitter, which is in sharp contrast to the conventional radio-frequency buncher technique. Our work not only leads to enhanced temporal resolution in electron beam based ultrafast instruments that may provide new opportunities in probing material systems far from equilibrium, but also opens a promising direction for advanced beam manipulation through self-field interactions.
description: 5 pages,5 figures,published in PRL
Imaging nanoscale spatial modulation of a relativistic electron beam with a MeV ultrafast electron microscope
Creators: name: Lu, Chao
name: Jiang, Tao
name: Liu, Shengguang
name: Wang, Rui
name: Zhao, Lingrong
name: Zhu, Pengfei
name: Liu, Yaqi
name: Xu, Jun
name: Yu, Dapeng
name: Wan, Weishi
name: Zhu, Yimei
name: Xiang, Dao
name: Zhang, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accelerator-based MeV ultrafast electron microscope (MUEM) has been proposed as a promising tool to study structural dynamics at the nanometer spatial scale and picosecond temporal scale. Here we report experimental tests of a prototype MUEM where high quality images with nanoscale fine structures were recorded with a pulsed 3 MeV picosecond electron beam. The temporal and spatial resolution of the MUEM operating in single-shot mode is about 4 ps (FWHM) and 100 nm (FWHM), corresponding to a temporal-spatial resolution of 4e-19 s*m, about 2 orders of magnitude higher than that achieved with state-of-the-art single-shot keV UEM. Using this instrument we offer the demonstration of visualizing the nanoscale periodic spatial modulation of an electron beam, which may be converted into longitudinal density modulation through emittance exchange to enable production of high-power coherent radiation at short wavelengths. Our results mark a great step towards single-shot nanometer-resolution MUEMs and compact intense x-ray sources that may have wide applications in many areas of science.
description: 5 pages,5,figures,published in APL
On complete embedded translating solitons of the mean curvature flow that are of finite genus
Creators: name: Smith, Graham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C44

description: We desingularise the union of $3$ Grim paraboloids along Costa-Hoffman-Meeks surfaces in order to obtain complete embedded translating solitons of the mean curvature flow with $3$ ends and arbitrary finite genus.
description: Improved introduction
The probabilistic structure of the geodynamo
Creators: name: Scullard, Christian R.
name: Buffett, Bruce A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the most intriguing features of Earth's axial magnetic dipole field, well-known from the geological record, is its occasional and unpredictable reversal of polarity. Understanding the phenomenon is rendered very difficult by the highly non-linear nature of the underlying magnetohydrodynamic problem. Numerical simulations of the liquid outer core, where regeneration occurs, are only able to model conditions that are far from Earth-like. On the analytical front, the situation is not much better; basic calculations, such as relating the average rate of reversals to various core parameters, have apparently been intractable. Here, we present a framework for solving such problems. Starting with the magnetic induction equation, we show that by considering its sources to be stochastic processes with fairly general properties, we can derive a differential equation for the joint probability distribution of the dominant toroidal and poloidal modes. This can be simplified to a Fokker-Planck equation and, with the help of an adiabatic approximation, reduced even further to an equation for the dipole amplitude alone. From these equations various quantities related to the magnetic field, including the average reversal rate, field strength, and time to complete a reversal, can be computed as functions of a small number of numerical parameters. These parameters in turn can be computed from physical considerations or constrained by paleomagnetic, numerical, and experimental data.
Zero-threshold expansion of two-loop self-energy diagrams
Creators: name: Berends, F. A.
name: Davydychev, A. I.
name: Smirnov, V. A.
name: Tausk, J. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An algorithm is constructed to derive a small momentum expansion for two-loop two-point diagrams in all cases where, due to the presence of physical thresholds, there are singularities at zero external momentum. The coefficients of this ``zero-threshold'' expansion are calculated analytically for arbitrary masses. Numerical examples, using diagrams occurring in the Standard Model, illustrate the convergence of the expansion below the first non-zero threshold.
description: 24 pages latex with 17 postscript figures. A complete postscript file is available by anonymous ftp from 129.177.40.57 [anonymous.davydychev]leiden15-94.ps. Leiden/Durham preprint INLO-PUB-15/94, DTP-94/86
title: ADCO, Sixième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1662), Cart. 30 (G 133), 441 folios, f. 348
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
name: Petot, Frédéric
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire

description: Sixième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1662), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 30 (G 133), 441 folios, f. 348, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Sixième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1662), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 30 (G 133), 441 folios, f. 348, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https://manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye Saint-Étienne de Dijon
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15945019
Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect Derived Distances to the High Redshift Clusters MS 0451.6-0305 and CL 0016+16
Creators: name: Reese, E. D.
name: Mohr, J. J.
name: Carlstrom, J. E.
name: Joy, M.
name: Grego, L.
name: Holder, G. P.
name: Holzapfel, W. L.
name: Hughes, J. P.
name: Patel, S. K.
name: Donahue, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the distances to the z~0.55 galaxy clusters MS 0451.6-0305 and CL 0016+16 from a maximum likelihood joint fit to interferometric Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect (SZE) and X-ray observations. We model the intracluster medium (ICM) using a spherical isothermal beta-model. We quantify the statistical and systematic uncertainties inherent to these direct distance measurements, and we determine constraints on the Hubble parameter for three different cosmologies. For an OmegaM = 0.3, OmegaL = 0.7 cosmology, these distances imply a Hubble constant of 63 ^{+12}_{- 9} ^{+21}_{-21} km/s/Mpc, where the uncertainties correspond to statistical followed by systematic at 68% confidence. The best fit Ho is 57 km/sec/Mpc for an open OmegaM = 0.3 universe and 52 km/s/Mpc for a flat Omega = 1 universe.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, uses emulateapj.sty; corrected eqn 4 and minor text changes
Small Molecules Targeting Human UDP‐GlcNAc 2‐Epimerase
Creators: name: Gorenflos López, Jacob L.
name: Dornan, Gillian Leigh
name: Boback, Nico
name: Neuenschwander, Martin
name: Oder, Andreas
name: Kemnitz‐Hassanin, Kristin
name: Schmieder, Peter
name: Specker, Edgar
name: Asikoglu, Hatice Ceyda
name: Oberdanner, Christian
name: Seyffarth, Carola
name: Von Kries, Jens Peter
name: Lauster, Daniel
name: Hinderlich, Stephan
name: Hackenberger, Christian
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: carbohydrate biosynthesis
subject: high-throughput screening campaign
subject: oligomerisation inhibitors
subject: real-time NMR
subject: uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase
subject: 540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase (GNE) is a key enzyme in the sialic acid biosynthesis pathway. Sialic acids are primarily terminal carbohydrates on glycans and play fundamental roles in health and disease. In search of effective GNE inhibitors not based on a carbohydrate scaffold, we performed a high-throughput screening campaign of 68,640 drug-like small molecules against recombinant GNE using a UDP detection assay. We validated nine of the primary actives with an orthogonal real-time NMR assay and verified their IC50 values in the low micromolar to nanomolar range manually. Stability and solubility studies revealed three compounds for further evaluation. Thermal shift assays, analytical size exclusion, and interferometric scattering microscopy demonstrated that the GNE inhibitors acted on the oligomeric state of the protein. Finally, hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) revealed which sections of GNE were shifted upon the addition of the inhibitors. In summary, we have identified three small molecules as GNE inhibitors with high potency in vitro, which serve as promising candidates to modulate sialic acid biosynthesis in more complex systems.
Assessment of pulsed DC electric field to guide downstream migrating sea lamprey in experimental flume at USGS Conte Anadromous Fish Lab, Turners Falls, MA (December 2013)
Creators: name: Miehls, Scott M.
name: Johnson, Nicholas S
name: Haro, Alexander
Publisher: name: U.S. Geological Survey
Year: 2017
Subjects: InlandWaters, migratory behavior, Fishery management

description: This is a tabular data set that contains records of water velocity, depth, temperature and trial information such as start and stop times and date for experimental trials testing the effect of an electric field on the movement patterns and distribution of juvenile sea lamprey moving downstream in an experimental flume. Distribution is recorded for each individual lamprey as presence (1) or absence (0) in a series of downstream collection nets positions laterally across the flume. The data is formatted as comma delimited and contains no special characters. The trails were conducted during December 2 through December 15, 2013 in a 6 meter wide experimental flume at the Conte Anadromous Fish Research Lab in Turners Falls, MA.
Chiral Technicolor and Precision Electroweak Measurements
Creators: name: Terning, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I consider the possibility that electroweak symmetry is broken by a strongly interacting chiral gauge theory. I argue that some of the discrepancies between precision electroweak measurements and the predictions of QCD-like technicolor models can be resolved if technicolor is a chiral gauge theory. I present a toy technicolor model which demonstrates this idea, and gives $ m_t \gg m_b$, with a small value for $Δρ_* \equiv αT $, and small corrections to $Z \rightarrow b \overline{b}$.
description: 19 pages, LaTeX, BUHEP-94-27
Adaptivity for Regularized Kernel Methods by Lepskii's Principle
Creators: name: Mücke, Nicole
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We address the problem of {\it adaptivity} in the framework of reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS) regression. More precisely, we analyze estimators arising from a linear regularization scheme $g_\lam$. In practical applications, an important task is to choose the regularization parameter $\lam$ appropriately, i.e. based only on the given data and independently on unknown structural assumptions on the regression function. An attractive approach avoiding data-splitting is the {\it Lepskii Principle} (LP), also known as the {\it Balancing Principle} is this setting. We show that a modified parameter choice based on (LP) is minimax optimal adaptive, up to $\log\log(n)$. A convenient result is the fact that balancing in $L^2(ν)-$ norm, which is easiest, automatically gives optimal balancing in all stronger norms, interpolating between $L^2(ν)$ and the RKHS. An analogous result is open for other classical approaches to data dependent choices of the regularization parameter, e.g. for Hold-Out.
Surface areas of equifacetal polytopes inscribed in the unit sphere $\mathbb{S}^2$
Creators: name: Freeman, Nicolas
name: Hoehner, Steven
name: Ledford, Jeff
name: Pack, David
name: Walters, Brandon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52A40 (Primary) 52A38, 52B10 (Secondary)

description: This article is concerned with the problem of placing seven or eight points on the unit sphere $\mathbb{S}^2$ in $\mathbb{R}^3$ so that the surface area of the convex hull of the points is maximized. In each case, the solution is given for convex hulls with congruent isosceles or congruent equilateral triangular facets.
description: 13 pages, 1 table, 15 figures, to appear in Involve, a Journal of Mathematics
On the moduli of hypersurfaces in toric orbifolds
Creators: name: Bunnett, Dominic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We construct and study the moduli of hypersurfaces in toric orbifolds. Let $X$ be a projective toric orbifold and $α\in Cl(X)$ an ample class. The moduli space is constructed as a quotient of the linear system $|α|$ by $G = Aut(X)$. Since the group $G$ is non-reductive in general, we use new techniques of non-reductive geometric invariant theory. Using the $A$-discriminant we prove semistability for certain toric orbifolds. Further, we show that quasismooth hypersurfaces in a weighted projective space are stable when the weighted projective space satisfies a certain condition. We also discuss how to proceed when this condition is not satisfied. We prove that the automorphism group of a quasismooth hypersurface of weighted projective space is finite excluding some low degrees.
description: 27 pages; (v2 results expanded to more cases, intro improved)
Additional file 1: of The systematic review and meta-analysis of X-ray detective rate of Kashin-Beck disease from 1992 to 2016
Creators: name: Wang, Xi
name: Ning, Yujie
name: Liu, Amin
name: Qi, Xin
name: Liu, Meidan
name: Zhang, Pan
name: Guo, Xiong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Risk of Bias Tool: criteria for assessment of quality. (DOCX 13 kb)
The Energy-Energy Correlation Function Revisited
Creators: name: Glover, E. W. N.
name: Sutton, M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ${\cal O}(α_s^2)$ coefficient of the energy-energy correlation function (EEC) has been calculated by four groups with differing results. This discrepancy has lead to some confusion over how to measure the strong coupling constant using the EEC and the asymmetry of the energy-energy correlation function (AEEC) in electron-positron annihilation at the $Z$ resonance. For example, SLD average the four values of $α_s$ extracted from each of the different calculations. To resolve this situation, we present a new calculation of this coefficient using three separate numerical techniques to cancel the infrared poles. All three methods agree with each other and confirm the results of Kunszt and Nason that form the benchmark for other ${\cal O}(α_s^2)$ quantities. As a consequence, the central values and theoretical errors of the strong coupling constant derived by SLD from the EEC and AEEC are altered. Using the SLD data, we find, $α_s^{EEC}(M_Z^2) = 0.125^{+0.002}_{-0.003}~({\rm exp.}) \pm 0.012 ~({\rm theory})$ and $α_s^{AEEC}(M_Z^2) = 0.114\pm 0.005~({\rm exp.}) \pm 0.004 ~({\rm theory})$.
description: 10 pages, 2 figs in uuencoded PS, LaTex using tables.tex appended at end of file, DTP/94/80, LaTex reformed
Cumulative displacement induced by a magnetosonic soliton bouncing in a bounded plasma slab
Creators: name: Gueroult, Renaud
name: Fructhman, Amnon
name: Fisch, Nathaniel J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The passage of a magnetosonic (MS) soliton in a cold plasma leads to the displacement of charged particles in the direction of a compressive pulse and in the opposite direction of a rarefaction pulse. In the overdense plasma limit, the displacement induced by a weakly nonlinear MS soliton is derived analytically. This result is then used to derive an asymptotic expansion for the displacement resulting from the bouncing motion of a MS soliton reflected back and forth in a vacuum-bounded cold plasma slab. Particles' displacement after the pulse energy has been lost to the vacuum region is shown to scale as the ratio of light speed to Alfvén velocity. Results for the displacement after a few MS soliton reflections are corroborated by particle-in-cell simulations.
description: Submitted to Physics of Plasmas
Optimal coinsurance rates for a heterogeneous population under inequality and resource constraints
Creators: name: Schell, Greggory J.
name: Gian-Gabriel P. Garcia
name: Lavieri, Mariel S.
name: Sussman, Jeremy B.
name: Hayward, Rodney A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: Medicine
Pharmacology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Although operations research has contributed heavily to the derivation of optimal treatment guidelines for chronic diseases, patient adherence to treatment plans is low and variable. One mechanism for improving patient adherence to guidelines is to tailor coinsurance rates for prescription medications to patient characteristics. We seek to find coinsurance rates that maximize the welfare of the heterogeneous patient population at risk for cardiovascular disease. We analyze the problem as a bilevel optimization model where the lower optimization problem has the structure of a Markov decision process that determines the optimal treatment plan for each patient class. The upper optimization problem is a nonlinear resource allocation problem with constraints on total expenditures and coinsurance inequality. We used dynamic programming with a penalty function for nonseparable constraint violations to derive the optimal coinsurance rates. We parameterized and solved this model by considering patients who are insured by Medicare and are prescribed medications for prevention of cardiovascular disease. We find that optimizing coinsurance rates can be a cost-effective intervention for improving patient adherence and health outcomes, particularly for those patients at high risk for cardiovascular disease.
Efficiency of neural-network state representations of one-dimensional quantum spin systems
Creators: name: Pan, Ruizhi
name: Clark, Charles W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neural-network state representations of quantum many-body systems are attracting great attention and more rigorous quantitative analysis about their expressibility and complexity is warranted. Our analysis of the restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM) state representation of one-dimensional (1D) quantum spin systems provides new insight into their computational complexity. We define a class of long-range-fast-decay (LRFD) RBM states with quantifiable upper bounds on truncation errors and provide numerical evidence for a large class of 1D quantum systems that may be approximated by LRFD RBMs of at most polynomial complexities. These results lead us to conjecture that the ground states of a wide range of quantum systems may be exactly represented by LRFD RBMs or a variant of them, even in cases where other state representations become less efficient. At last, we provide the relations between multiple typical state manifolds. Our work proposes a paradigm for doing complexity analysis for generic long-range RBMs which naturally yields a further classification of this manifold. This paradigm and our characterization of their nonlocal structures may pave the way for understanding the natural measure of complexity for quantum many-body states described by RBMs and are generalizable for higher-dimensional systems and deep neural-network quantum states.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures
Non-linear Stochastic Galaxy Biasing in Cosmological Simulations
Creators: name: Somerville, R. S.
name: Lemson, G.
name: Sigad, Y.
name: Dekel, A.
name: Kauffmann, G.
name: White, S. D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the biasing relation between dark-matter halos or galaxies and the underlying mass distribution, using cosmological $N$-body simulations in which galaxies are modelled via semi-analytic recipes. The nonlinear, stochastic biasing is quantified in terms of the mean biasing function and the scatter about it as a function of time, scale and object properties. The biasing of galaxies and halos shows a general similarity and a characteristic shape, with no galaxies in deep voids and a steep slope in moderately underdense regions. At $\sim 8\hmpc$, the nonlinearity is typically $\lsim 10$ percent and the stochasticity is a few tens of percent, corresponding to $\sim 30$ percent variations in the cosmological parameter $β=Ω^{0.6}/b$. Biasing depends weakly on halo mass, galaxy luminosity, and scale. The time evolution is rapid, with the mean biasing larger by a factor of a few at $z\sim 3$ compared to $z=0$, and with a minimum for the nonlinearity and stochasticity at an intermediate redshift. Biasing today is a weak function of the cosmological model, reflecting the weak dependence on the power-spectrum shape, but the time evolution is more cosmology-dependent, relecting the effect of the growth rate. We provide predictions for the relative biasing of galaxies of different type and color, to be compared with upcoming large redshift surveys. Analytic models in which the number of objects is conserved underestimate the evolution of biasing, while models that explicitly account for merging provide a good description of the biasing of halos and its evolution, suggesting that merging is a crucial element in the evolution of biasing.
description: 27 pages, 21 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Electron and Proton Acceleration in Trans-Relativistic Magnetic Reconnection: Dependence on Plasma Beta and Magnetization
Creators: name: Ball, David
name: Sironi, Lorenzo
name: Özel, Feryal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-thermal electron acceleration via magnetic reconnection is thought to play an important role in powering the variable X-ray emission from radiatively inefficient accretion flows around black holes. The trans-relativistic regime of magnetic reconnection, where the magnetization $σ$, defined as the ratio of magnetic energy density to enthalpy density, is $\sim 1$, is frequently encountered in such flows. By means of a large suite of two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations, we investigate electron and proton acceleration in the trans-relativistic regime. We focus on the dependence of the electron energy spectrum on $σ$ and the proton $β$ (i.e., the ratio of proton thermal pressure to magnetic pressure). We find that the electron spectrum in the reconnection region is non-thermal and can be generally modeled as a power law. At $β\lesssim 3 \times 10^{-3}$, the slope, $p$, is independent of $β$ and it hardens with increasing $σ$ as $p\simeq 1.8 +0.7/\sqrtσ$. Electrons are primarily accelerated by the non-ideal electric field at X-points, either in the initial current layer or in current sheets generated in between merging magnetic islands. At higher values of $β$, the electron power law steepens for all values of $σ$. At values of $β$ near $β_{\rm max}\approx1/4σ$, when both electrons and protons are relativistically hot prior to reconnection, the spectra of both species display an additional component at high energies, containing a few percent of particles. These particles are accelerated via a Fermi-like process by bouncing in between the reconnection outflow and a stationary magnetic island. We provide an empirical prescription for the dependence of the power-law slope and the acceleration efficiency on $β$ and $σ$, which can be used in global simulations of collisionless accretion disks.
description: 19 pages, 23 figures, submitted to ApJ
Conceptual Problems of Fractal Cosmology
Creators: name: Baryshev, Yurij V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This report continues recent Peebles-Turner debate "Is cosmology solved?" and considers the first results for Sandage's program for "Practical cosmology". A review of conceptual problems of modern cosmological models is given, among them: the nature of the space expansion; recession velocities of distant galaxies more than velocity of light; cosmological Friedmann force; continuous creation of gravitating mass in Friedmann's equation; cosmological pressure is not able to produce a work; cosmological gravitational frequency shift; Friedmann-Holtsmark paradox; the problem of the cosmological constant; Einstein's and Mandelbrot's Cosmological Principles; fractality of observed galaxy distribution; Sandage's 21st problem: Hubble - de Vaucouleurs paradox; quantum nature of gravity force.
description: 17 pages, no Figures, report presented at Gamow Memorial Conference, August 1999, St.-Petersburg, Russia
Moduli spaces of Ricci positive metrics in dimension five
Creators: name: Goodman, McFeely Jackson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C20

description: We use the $η$ invariants of spin$^c$ Dirac operators to distinguish connected components of moduli spaces of Riemannian metrics with positive Ricci curvature. We then find infinitely many non-diffeomorphic five dimensional manifolds for which these moduli spaces each have infinitely many components. The manifolds are total spaces of principal $S^1$ bundles over $\#^a\mathbb{C}P^2\#^b\overline{\mathbb{C}P^2}$ and the metrics are lifted from Ricci positive metrics on the bases. Along the way we classify 5-manifolds with fundamental group $\mathbb{Z}_2$ admitting free $S^1$ actions with simply connected quotients.
description: 27 pages; v2: main theorem expanded, theorem added on the classification of 5-manifolds with fundamental group $\mathbb{Z}_2$ admitting free $S^1$ actions
Additional file 2 of iDNA-ABF: multi-scale deep biological language learning model for the interpretable prediction of DNA methylations
Creators: name: Jin, Junru
name: Yu, Yingying
name: Wang, Ruheng
name: Zeng, Xin
name: Pang, Chao
name: Jiang, Yi
name: Li, Zhongshen
name: Dai, Yutong
name: Su, Ran
name: Zou, Quan
name: Nakai, Kenta
name: Wei, Leyi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2. Review history.
Gestión de Datos en la Práctica Científica: el Rol de los Data Stewards
Creators: name: Andrews, Heather
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Gestión de Datos de Investigación
TU Delft
FAIR
Data Management Plans
Software Carpentry
DMPonline

description: Presentación del curso sobre gestión de datos, organizado por el Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya (CSUC) (Barcelona). Descripción del Curso: Durante la primera parte del curso se describe el perfil de ‘Data Steward’ de la Universidad Tecnológica de Delft (TU Delft), en los Países Bajos. Se introduce el concepto de Data Stewardship, y el rol específico de los Data Stewards a nivel de Facultad y a nivel de Universidad. Se describe de manera más específica cómo el Data Steward apoya al investigador a lo largo de un proyecto de investigación: desde el momento en que se está escribiendo la propuesta para obtener financiamiento, hasta el momento en que el proyecto finaliza. La segunda parte del curso abarca de manera más específica los Planes de Gestión de Datos de Investigación (Data Management Plans) y el concepto de datos FAIR. Finalmente, la tecera parte del curso corresponde a una actividad práctica, donde los participantes son invitados a archivar un conjunto de datos astronómicos en un repositorio (Dataverse). Para ello vamos abarcando distintos puntos que los investigadores deben considerar a la hora de archivar datos en un repositorio: ¿qué consideramos como "datos"?, ¿quién es el/la dueño/a de los datos?, ¿qué datos deben archivarse en el largo plazo?, ¿en qué formato?, ¿cómo se prepara la documentación asociada a los datos?, ¿qué repositorio usar?, ¿a qué nos referimos con "metadata"?, ¿qué licencia usar al publicar datos?, ¿para qué usar un identificador persistente? La idea detrás de esta actividad es entender al investigador y sobretodo, entender a quiénes quieran re-utilizar los datos en el futuro.
title: ADCO, Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 1393
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: cartulaire
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi

description: Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 1393, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 1393, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15945019
description: Provenance: abbaye Saint-Étienne de Dijon
CP Violation
Creators: name: Gronau, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the present status of the Standard Model of CP violation, which is based on a complex phase in the Cabibbo-Kobayashi- Maskawa (CKM) matrix. So far CP violation has been observed only in $K^0-\Kbar$ mixing, consistent with a sizable phase. The implications of future CP nonconserving measurements in $K$ and $B$ decays are discussed within the model. Direct CP violation in $K\to 2π$ may be observed in the near future, however this would not be a powerful test of the model. $B$ decays provide a wide variety of CP asymmetry measurements, which can serve as precise tests of the Standard Model in cases where the asymmetry is cleanly related to phases of CKM matrix elements. Some of the most promising cases are discussed.
description: 26 pages Figures can be obtained from the author upon request
Optimal Coinsurance Rates for a Heterogeneous Population under Inequality and Resource Constraints
Creators: name: Schell, Greggory J.
name: Gian-Gabriel P. Garcia
name: Lavieri, Mariel S.
name: Sussman, Jeremy B.
name: Hayward, Rodney A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: While operations research has contributed heavily to the derivation of optimal treatment guidelines for chronic diseases, patient adherence to treatment plans is low and variable. One mechanism for improving patient adherence to guidelines is to tailor coinsurance rates for prescription medications to patient characteristics. We seek to find coinsurance rates which maximize the welfare of the heterogeneous patient population at risk for cardiovascular disease. We analyze the problem as a bilevel optimization model where the lower optimization problem has the structure of a Markov decision process which determines the optimal treatment plan for each patient class. The upper optimization problem is a nonlinear resource allocation problem with constraints on total expenditures and coinsurance inequality. We used dynamic programming with a penalty function for nonseparable constraint violations to derive the optimal coinsurance rates. We parameterized and solved this model by considering patients who are insured by Medicare and are prescribed medications for prevention of cardiovascular disease. We find that optimizing coinsurance rates can be a cost-effective intervention for improving patient adherence and health outcomes, particularly for those patients at high risk for cardiovascular disease.
Metallicity Distribution of Disk Stars and the Formation History of the Milky Way
Creators: name: Toyouchi, Daisuke
name: Chiba, Masashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the formation history of the stellar disk component in the Milky Way (MW) based on our new chemical evolution model. Our model considers several fundamental baryonic processes, including gas infall, re-accretion of outflowing gas, and radial migration of disk stars. Each of these baryonic processes in the disk evolution is characterized by model parameters, which are determined by fitting to various observational data of the stellar disk in the MW, including the radial dependence of the metallicity distribution function (MDF) of the disk stars, which has recently been derived in the APOGEE survey. We succeeded to obtain the best set of model parameters, which well reproduces the observed radial dependences of the mean, standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis of the MDFs for the disk stars. We analyze the basic properties of our model results in detail to get new insights into the important baryonic processes in the formation history of the MW. One of the remarkable findings is that outflowing gas, containing much heavy elements, preferentially re-accretes onto the outer disk parts, and this recycling process of metal-enriched gas is a key ingredient to reproduce the observed narrower MDFs at larger radii. Moreover, important implications for the radial dependence of gas infall and the influence of radial migration on the MDFs are also inferred from our model calculation. Thus, the MDF of disk stars is a useful clue for studying the formation history of the MW.
description: 19 pages, 18 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Additional file 1 of Alterations in gut and genital microbiota associated with gynecological diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Zhou, Ziwei
name: Feng, Yifei
name: Xie, Lishan
name: Ma, Song
name: Cai, Zhaoxia
name: Ma, Ying
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1
The Complexity of our Curved Universe
Creators: name: Gurzadyan, V. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) radiation must be different in flat, positively and negatively curved universes. This fact leads to a direct way of determining the geometry of the universe. The signature of the predicted effect of geodesic mixing, i.e., of the `chaotic' behavior of photon beams in negatively curved spaces peculiar to Anosov systems with strong statistical properties, has been detected while studying the COBE-DMR 4-year data \cite{GT}. This possible observation of the negative curvature of the universe suggests the need to search for more effective ways to analyze the CMB data expected from forthcoming high precision experiments. Information theory offers such a descriptor for the CMB sky maps - the Kolmogorov complexity - as well as provides novel insight into the problem of the loss of information and time asymmetry in a hyperbolic universe.
description: to appear in: V.G.Gurzadyan and R.Ruffini (Eds.) "The Chaotic Universe", World Sci
Multiloop Calculations in the String-Inspired Formalism: The Single Spinor-Loop in QED
Creators: name: Schmidt, Michael G.
name: Schubert, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the worldline path-integral approach to the Bern-Kosower formalism for developing a new algorithm for calculation of the sum of all diagrams with one spinor loop and fixed numbers of external and internal photons. The method is based on worldline supersymmetry, and on the construction of generalized worldline Green functions. The two-loop QED $β$ -- function is calculated as an example.
description: uuencoded ps-file, 20 pages, 2 figures, final revised version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Bending rigidity, sound propagation and ripples in flat graphene
Creators: name: Aseginolaza, Unai
name: Diego, Josu
name: Cea, Tommaso
name: Bianco, Raffaello
name: Monacelli, Lorenzo
name: Libbi, Francesco
name: Calandra, Matteo
name: Bergara, Aitor
name: Mauri, Francesco
name: Errea, Ion
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite many of the applications of graphene rely on its uneven stiffness and high thermal conductivity, the mechanical properties of graphene, and in general of all 2D materials, are still elusive. The harmonic theory predicts a quadratic dispersion for the flexural acoustic vibrational mode, which leads the unphysical result that long wavelength in-plane acoustic modes decay before vibrating one period, preventing the propagation of sound. The robustness of the quadratic dispersion has been questioned by arguing that the anharmonic phonon-phonon interaction linearizes it. However, this implies a divergent bending rigidity in the long wavelength limit not reproduced experimentally. Here we show that rotational symmetry protects the quadratic flexural dispersion against phonon-phonon interactions and that, consequently, the bending stiffness is non-divergent irrespective of the temperature. Our non-perturbative anharmonic calculations also determine that sound propagation coexists with a quadratic dispersion. We also show that the temperature dependence of the height fluctuations of the membrane, known as ripples, is fully determined by thermal or quantum fluctuations, but without the anharmonic suppression of their amplitude previously assumed. The universality of our conclusions reconcile experimental evidence and theory not just in graphene, but all 2D materials.