Enaphalodes Haldeman 1847
Creators: name: Lingafelter, Steven W.
name: Santos-Silva, Antonio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Enaphalodes

description: Key to species of Enaphalodes (updated from Lingafelter & Chemsak, 2002)
1. Elytra with pubescence dense and conspicuous, either erect or appressed orincombination..............................................................2
— Elytra withvery sparse,inconspicuous pubescence; U.S.A. (Arizona, California),Mexico (Sonora)................... E.seminitidus (Horn, 1885)
2(1). Elytrawithoneto threewell‑defined areasof dense,appressedpubescence.........................................................................................3
— Elytra withpubescence otherwise:either uniform,without patches of dense,appressedpubescence,orwithnumerous interconnecting, poorlydefined appressed patches,givingamottledappearance ...6
3(2). Mesosternal process with large central tubercle (Fig. 5); meso‑ and metafemoral apicesspiniform (Fig.4)............................................4
— Mesosternalprocesswithsmalltubercleoneachsideclosetocurvature (Fig. 8); meso‑ and metafemoral apices withrounded ortriangularlobes (Fig. 7)..........................................................................5
4(3). Elytral pubescence scattered, mostly pale yellow‑ochre, forming three distinctgroupsof spots (Fig.1); Costa Rica .............................. .................................................................... E.antonkozlovi, sp.nov.
— Elytralpubescencecompact,white,formingtwogroupsof maculae; Panama, Colombia ................................. E.boyacanus Martins,2005
5(3). Elytra without dense patch of white pubescence on distal area (Fig.51); U.S. A (Texas), Mexico (Tamaulipas).................................... ............................................................. E.taeniatus (LeConte,1854)
— Elytra with patch of white pubescence at apex (Fig. 6); Mexico (Chiapas, Oaxaca), Guatemala, Honduras, Belize, Nicaragua, Costa Rica ......................................................... E.coronatus (White,1853)
6(2). Elytranot appearing mottled; withoutpatches of appressedpubescence;erect,suberect,andappressedpubescence uniformindensity and distribution..........................................................................7
— Elytra appearing mottled; with patches of appressed pubescence; erect,suberect,orappressedpubescencenotuniformindensityand distribution ....................................................................................8
7(6). Large species, with pubescence inconspicuous and not heavily obscuring elytral surface; ventral pubescence mostly translucent with slight golden sheen; last ventral sternite of females with a deep notch at apex; U.S.A. (Georgia, Missouri, California, Arizona, Texas,Idaho,Florida,Minnesota,New Jersey,Mississippi,Alabama), Mexico (Sonora, Tamaulipas)............. E.hispicornis (Linnaeus,1767)
— Moderate to large species with conspicuous uniform appressed fulvous pubescence that densely covers elytral surface; ventral pubescencemostlywhiteandnottranslucent,distinctlydifferentcolor from dorsal pubescence; last ventral sterniteof females withavery shallownotch at apex;U.S.A.(Florida)............................................. ......................................... E.archboldi Lingafelter & Chemsak,2002
8(6). Sides of pronotum at middle nearly as wide as base of elytra in males;elytralighttodarkbrownwithappressedpubescenceextensive not contrastingas intensely withelytral ground color (appearingdiffusely mottled).....................................................................9
— Pronotum with slight widening anterior to middle, but much narrower at widest point than base of elytra; elytra dark brown with appressedpubescence distinctlymottled.....................................11
9(8). Elytra with fulvous appressed pubescence and reddish or light brown ground color; without erect setae (except a few along suture and apical third); last abdominal sternite of females with very shallow notch at apex; Canada (Quebec, Ontario), U.S.A. (Georgia, Philadelphia, Texas, New York, South Carolina, Maine, Florida, Minnesota, Iowa, Ohio, Kentucky, Pennsylvania, Arizona, Mississippi, Massachusetts, Arkansas, Missouri, Alabama, Rhode Island,Maryland,Delaware,Districtof Columbia)............................ ............................................................. E.rufulus (Haldeman,1847)
— Elytra with white or off‑white appressed pubescence and light to darkbrowngroundcolor (rarely reddish‑brown);longererecttosuberect setae present; last abdominal sternite of females with deep orshallownotch at apex...............................................................10
10(9). Pubescence of metasternum primarily translucent; last abdominal sterniteoffemaledeeplynotchedatapex;elytrawithdiffusepatches of off‑white pubescence; Canada (Quebec, Ontario), U.S.A. (New York,Pennsylvania,Maryland,North Carolina,Massachusetts, Texas, Districtof Columbia,Georgia,Florida,Arizona,Mississippi,Alabama, Arkansas, Colorado, Connecticut, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Louisiana,Michigan, Missouri, New Jersey,Ohio, Oklahoma, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Wisconsin), Mexico (Veracruz, Tamaulipas),Honduras............................ E.atomarius (Drury,1773)
— Pubescence of metasternum primarily white and not translucent; last abdominal sterniteof female with very shallow notch at apex; elytrawithdiffusepatchesof whiteor off‑white pubescence; U.S.A. (Pennsylvania, Arizona, New York, Illinois, North Dakota, Ohio, Kentucky, New Jersey, Virginia, Mississippi, Nebraska), Mexico (Sonora)........................................ E.cortiphagus (Craighead,1923)
11(8). Apexof antennaltubercleselevated (Figs.28, 54)........................12
— Apexof antennaltuberclesflattened (Fig.55)..............................13
12(11). Prothorax wide, distinctly rounded laterally (Figs. 25, 28); antennomere IV short, thick, shorter than median pronotal impunctate region (Fig.25); Mexico (Baja California Sur).................................... .................................................................... E.cunninghami, sp.nov.
— Prothorax moderately narrow, not distinctly rounded laterally (Fig. 48); antennomere IV elongate, narrow, longer than median pronotalimpunctateregion (Fig.48); Mexico (Tamaulipas) ............. ......................................................... E.niveitectus (Schaeffer,1905)
13(11). Antennae in female reaching elytral apex (Fig. 43); pubescence of headandelytraprimarily white;Mexico,Guatemala ....................... ....................................................................... E.senex (Bates,1884)
— Antennae in female not reaching elytral apex; pubescence of head andpronotumochreoryellowish‑white ......................................14
14(13). Antennae reaching at about base of distal third of elytra (Fig. 17); pro‑ and mesosternal processes wide (Fig. 23); uniformlyochre pu‑ bescence;Guatemala.......................................... E.monzoni, sp.nov.
— Antennae distinctly surpassingbase of distalthird of elytra (Fig.9); pro‑ andmesosternal processesnarrow (Fig.24);pubescenceamix‑ tureof ochreand yellowish‑white;Nicaragua .... E.bingkirki, sp.nov.
description: Published as part of Lingafelter, Steven W. & Santos-Silva, Antonio, 2018, New Central American and Mexican Enaphalodes Haldeman, 1847 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) with taxonomic notes and a key to species, pp. 1-17 in Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 58 on pages 16-17, DOI: 10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.11, http://zenodo.org/record/3677451