cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Domestic Market Structure and Export Performance: Case of the Ethiopian Leather Industry
Creators: name: Dendir, Daniel
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2011

description: This paper examines domestic market structure and export performance in Ethiopian leather industry manufactures from the perspective of recent developments in international trade theory, while bringing the trends of concentration level in the sector in to the analysis. Studies on the determinants of export performance in Ethiopia manufacturing industries in general and leather industry in particular focused on the macroeconomic and controllable variables of the firms to the performance of the industries in international market. The microeconomic and uncontrollable determinants of export performance have received negligible research attention. In this study, the author examines one key uncontrollable/ external factor, namely, local industry concentration, in the context of Ethiopian leather industry. In addition, the author conduct interview with Ethiopian Leather Industries Association and Leather Industry Development Institute to capture other factors that constraint and influence the competitiveness of Ethiopian leather industry firms in the global market. This study evaluates the effect of leather industry domestic market structure on export performance using descriptive analysis for the period 1998-2009. Central Statistical Agency 2009 statistical survey report on 80 large and medium scale manufacturing firms selected for the study and the market structure and the likelihood of competition assessed by using measures of seller concentration and then its correlation to export revenue examined. On the basis of empirical analysis, the author finds that local market concentration is potent predictor of Ethiopian leather industry firms' export revenue. The author discusses the implication of the finding to expose the reason behind the success of Ethiopian leather and leather products exporters in international markets. Keywords: ETHIOPIA; EXPORT REVENUE; LEATHER INDUSTRY; MARKET STRUCTURE
Shape phase mixing in critical point nuclei
Creators: name: Budaca, R.
name: Budaca, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectral properties of nuclei near the critical point of the quantum phase transition between spherical and axially symmetric shapes are studied in a hybrid collective model which combines the $γ$-stable and $γ$-rigid collective conditions through a rigidity parameter. The model in the lower and upper limits of the rigidity parameter recovers the X(5) and X(3) solutions respectively, while in the equally mixed case it corresponds to the X(4) critical point symmetry. Numerical applications of the model on nuclei from regions known for critical behavior reveal a sizable shape phase mixing and its evolution with neutron or proton numbers. The model also enables a better description of energy spectra and electromagnetic transitions for these nuclei.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables
The effect of transdermal flunixin meglumine on blood cortisol levels in dairy calves after cautery disbudding with local anesthesia
Creators: name: Röder, Mareike
name: Heuwieser, Wolfgang
name: Borchardt, Stefan
name: Plenio, Jan-Lukas
name: Palme, R.
name: Sutter, Franziska
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: disbudding
subject: dairy calves
subject: cortisol
subject: flunixin meglumine
subject: transdermal
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug transdermal flunixin meglumine (Finadyne Transdermal) on plasma cortisol, average daily weight gain, and standing and lying behavior of calves, when given at the time of disbudding combined with local anesthesia. A sedative was not used to minimize pharmacological interactions. Seventy-one female Holstein Friesian calves aged 13 ± 2 d, with an average weight of 48.9 ± 4.26 kg were enrolled in the study. All calves were randomly assigned to one of 3 treatment groups: (1) control group (CON, n = 27), (2) 1-flunixin group (1-FLU, n = 26) with a single administration of transdermal flunixin meglumine at disbudding, and (3) 2-flunixin group (2-FLU, n = 24) with 2 administrations of transdermal flunixin meglumine, the first treatment at disbudding and the second 6 h after disbudding. Although the CON group received a placebo, 1-FLU and 2-FLU received flunixin meglumine transdermally. To account for plasma cortisol changes due to manipulation and handling of the calves, a sham disbudding procedure was performed one week before disbudding took place. Sham disbudding was conducted by using a cold cautery dehorner applied to each horn bud for 10 s. Disbudding was performed in a similar way by using a hot cautery dehorner. Plasma samples were collected to measure the stress biomarker cortisol at 7 different time points. Body weights were measured 4 times in 2 wk. Standing and lying behavior was assessed via 3-dimensional accelerometer. During sham disbudding and disbudding mean plasma cortisol concentrations were 6.09 ± 2.5 ng/mL and 5.16 ± 2.8 ng/mL, respectively. Treatment tended to have an effect on plasma cortisol concentrations during sham disbudding and had an effect on plasma cortisol concentrations during disbudding. Plasma cortisol concentrations were affected by treatment 2 h after disbudding in comparison to CON group. Furthermore, there was a significant effect on plasma cortisol concentrations 6 h after disbudding in contrast to CON. A return to baseline plasma cortisol levels (initial concentrations) was not achieved in CON during disbudding. There was no statistical difference between average daily weight gain and the treatment procedure. Total lying time was not affected by treatment after disbudding. In conclusion, transdermal flunixin meglumine given at the time of disbudding combined with local anesthesia decreased concentrations of the stress biomarker cortisol, but a second dose 6 h after disbudding had no further effect on plasma cortisol levels.
Molecule Design by Latent Space Energy-Based Modeling and Gradual Distribution Shifting
Creators: name: Kong, Deqian
name: Pang, Bo
name: Han, Tian
name: Wu, Ying Nian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Generation of molecules with desired chemical and biological properties such as high drug-likeness, high binding affinity to target proteins, is critical for drug discovery. In this paper, we propose a probabilistic generative model to capture the joint distribution of molecules and their properties. Our model assumes an energy-based model (EBM) in the latent space. Conditional on the latent vector, the molecule and its properties are modeled by a molecule generation model and a property regression model respectively. To search for molecules with desired properties, we propose a sampling with gradual distribution shifting (SGDS) algorithm, so that after learning the model initially on the training data of existing molecules and their properties, the proposed algorithm gradually shifts the model distribution towards the region supported by molecules with desired values of properties. Our experiments show that our method achieves very strong performances on various molecule design tasks.
Development of a novel thiosulfate bath for the electroless plating of gold thin films
Creators: name: Angstetra., Arnold
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Modelling the impact of intrinsic size and luminosity correlations on magnification estimation
Creators: name: Ciarlariello, Sandro
name: Crittenden, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spatial correlations of the observed sizes and luminosities of galaxies can be used to estimate the magnification that arises through weak gravitational lensing. However, the intrinsic prop- erties of galaxies can be similarly correlated through local physical effects, and these present a possible contamination to the weak lensing estimation. In an earlier paper (Ciarlariello et al. 2015) we modelled the intrinsic size correlations using the halo model, assuming the galaxy sizes reflect the mass in the associated halo. Here we extend this work to consider galaxy magnitudes and show that these may be even more affected by intrinsic correlations than galaxy sizes, making this a bigger systematic for measurements of the weak lensing signal. We also quantify how these intrinsic correlations are affected by sample selection criteria based on sizes and magnitudes.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures, 1 table; published on MNRAS
Plasma dynamics of a laser filamentation-guided spark
Creators: name: Point, Guillaume
name: Arantchouk, Leonid
name: Carbonnel, Jérôme
name: Mysyrowicz, André
name: Houard, Aurélien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate experimentally the plasma dynamics of a centimeter-scale, laser filamentation-guided spark discharge. Using electrical and optical diagnostics to study monopolar discharges with varying current pulses we show that plasma decay is dominated by free electron recombination if the current decay time is shorter than the recombination characteristic time. In the opposite case, the plasma electron density closely follows the current evolution. We demonstrate that this criterion holds true in the case of damped AC sparks, and that alternative current is the best option to achieve a long plasma lifetime for a given peak current.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Analysis of Technical Efficiency of the Ethiopian Agro- Processing Industry: The Case of Biscuit and Pasta Processing Firms
Creators: name: Workneh, Habtamu
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2010

description: This study aims at determining the level of technical efficiency of the Ethiopian private and public pasta and biscuit industries over time using stochastic frontier production function model. All the parameters of the frontier function and the inefficiency model have been estimated simultaneously using Maximum likelihood estimation. The study considered 15 private and 5 public pasta and biscuit industries for the period of 2004/05-2008/09. The translog functional form with maximum likelihood estimation better explains the production behaviour of private as well as public pasta and biscuit industries. It shows that there is technical efficiency difference among industries in the sector. The mean technical efficiency of public pasta and biscuit industries was 0.12 while that of private industries was also 0.11, showing an increasing trend in both industries. Poor quality of wheat, poor linkage between private industries and state farms and poor technology are the main constraint of the sector. Public industries, slightly speaking, have better efficiency and scale of operation as compared to private industries mainly attributed to the linkage between public wheat firms with public pasta and biscuit industries. External constraints including lack of modern marketing skill, financial resources and lack of sufficient professional food technologist contribute more to the low level of development of the sector. In order to effectively utilize agricultural resource and benefit from this sector, efforts have to be made in improving linkage between state farms with privet companies, working to scale up the production of best quality of wheat(Durum wheat), infrastructure development, technical and skill development and availability of updated marketing information system. The creation of conducive business environment enhances the development of the sector. Keywords: Agro- processing sector, stochastic production function and technical efficiency.
A numerical assessment of pressuremeter testing in soft rock
Creators: name: Ameratunga., J. Jayantha P.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Laser spectroscopy of cold molecules
Creators: name: Borri, Simone
name: Santambrogio, Gabriele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper reviews the recent results in high-resolution spectroscopy on cold molecules. Laser spectroscopy of cold molecules addresses issues of symmetry violation, like in the search for the electric dipole moment of the electron and the studies on energy differences in enantiomers of chiral species; tries to improve the precision to which fundamental physical constants are known and tests for their possible variation in time and space; tests quantum electrodynamics, and searches for a fifth force. Further, we briefly review the recent technological progresses in the fields of cold molecules and mid-infrared lasers, which are the tools that mainly set the limits for the resolution that is currently attainable in the measurements.
description: 16 pages, 0 figures
Using Inferential Methods to Find a Link Between the Opioid Epidemic and White Supremacist Domestic Terrorism
Creators: name: Danquah, Angela Boakye
name: Hogenmiller, Leah
name: Koochagian, Sara
name: Malik, Jasmine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: white supremacy
opioid overdose deaths
Bayesian negative binomial regression
canonical correlation
multidimensional scaling
UVA MSDS 2023

description: According to the United States Congress, white supremacists are among the most significant domestic terrorism threats. Along with a steep rise in white supremacy activity in the U.S., the number of drug overdoses related to opioids increased drastically between the years 2020 and 2021 and is set to continue to increase. Prior qualitative research has indicated that many white supremacist groups believe the opioid epidemic to be a government conspiracy purposefully targeting only white Ameri- cans. Such rhetoric is used to radicalize and recruit new members to white supremacist organizations which can lead to more violence. This article addresses this putative link between white supremacy, or racially or ethnically motivated violent extremism (RMVE), and the opioid epidemic. Specifically, a detailed analysis was undertaken to identify “hotspots” in the U.S. for white supremacy incidents which co-occur with opioid use information. To do so, the geography of the opioid epidemic, location-based socioeconomic and crime factors, and white supremacist incidents as reported by the Anti-Defamation League’s Hate, Extremism, Anti-Semitic and Terrorism (H.E.A.T) Map were systematically extracted for 2018 to 2021. The results of a canonical regression indicated that the most influential factors for white supremacist incidences are motor vehicle theft rate, robbery rate, and homi- cide rate, among others as well. A negative binomial regression model was constructed using opioid-use indicators and significant socioeconomic factors to predict the risk of RMVE incidents in every county throughout the United States. This model was able to show a significant positive association between the number of opioid overdose deaths and the number of white supremacist incidents in a given county with and without other social factors. Multidimensional scaling was implemented to show the similarity between counties while looking at the distance between opioid deaths and white supremacy incidents, as well as geographic distance. This scaling created a new map, as well as showing what counties were the most dissimilar. We conclude that the prevalence of the opioid epidemic in an area is a significant predictor of white supremacist incidents. However, its influence is overall small, and there exist other factors that also influence these incidents such as physical and mental health indicators, food insecurity, racial demographics, and unemployment levels.
Influence of Ranibizumab versus laser photocoagulation on radiation retinopathy (RadiRet) - a prospective randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Seibel, Ira
name: Vollhardt, Daniela
name: Riechardt, Aline I.
name: Rehak, Matus
name: Schmied, Sabine
name: Schiller, Petra
name: Zeitz, Oliver
name: Hellmich, Martin
name: Joussen, Antonia M.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Radiation retinopathy
subject: Laser photocoagulation
subject: Ranibizumab
subject: Intravitreal therapy
subject: Uveal melanoma
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Purpose: To demonstrate superiority of intravitreal ranibizumab 0.5 mg compared to focal and peripheral laser treatment in patients with radiation retinopathy for choroidal melanoma. Methods: Inclusion criteria were as follows: patients with radiation retinopathy and visual acuity impairment due to radiation maculopathy accessible for laser therapy, age ≥ 18 years, and BCVA less than 20/32. The main objective was to study the change in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) over 6 months from ranibizumab 0.5 mg (experimental) compared to focal laser of the macula and panretinal laser treatment of the ischemic retina (control) in patients with radiation retinopathy in choroidal melanoma. The secondary objectives of the radiation retinopathy study were to compare functional and anatomical results between ranibizumab and laser group over 12 months and to measure the frequency of vitreous hemorrhage and rubeosis iridis. Results: The intention-to-treat analysis included 31 patients assigned to ranibizumab (n = 15) or laser treatment (n = 16). In terms of BCVA at month 6, ranibizumab was superior to laser treatment, with an advantage of 0.14 logMAR, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.25, p = 0.030. The positive effect of ranibizumab disappeared after treatment was discontinued. Similar results without statistically significant difference were found with respect to macular thickness. In both groups, no change was observed at month 6 in the size of ischemia in the macula or periphery compared to baseline. There was 1 case of vitreous hemorrhage in the laser group and no case of rubeosis iridis over time. Conclusions: This study showed a statistically significant improvement in visual acuity and clear superiority of ranibizumab compared to laser treatment up to 26 weeks, but this effect disappeared at week 52 after completion of intravitreal treatment. Ranibizumab and PRP are considered equivalent in terms of the non-appearance of proliferative radiation retinopathy during the study. Trial registration: EudraCT Number: 2011-004463-69
Shakedown analysis of elastoplastic plates
Creators: name: Alwis., Weeramuni Anthony Mervyn
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Complete Monopole Dominance of the Static Quark Potential
Creators: name: Cundy, Nigel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In earlier work, we used a gauge independent Abelian Decomposition to show that Abelian degrees of freedom are wholly responsible for the static quark potential. The restricted Abelian field can be split into two terms, a Maxwell term and a $θ$ (Dirac) term. The $θ$ term's contribution to the string tension can be analysed theoretically and numerically, and arises because of the existence of a certain type of monopole. While the Abelian field can be constructed without gauge fixing, its two component parts are gauge-dependent, with a gauge transformation moving the topological features from one part to another. This allows us to isolate and identify the topological objects responsible for confinement by constructing a gauge where the $θ$ term wholly accounts for the string tension. We confirm the presence of these monopoles in lattice simulations of SU(2) Yang-Mills theory.
description: 7 pages; Lattice 2016 Confinement
title: ВИЗУАЛЬНЫЕ КИНОМИФЫ СОВЕТСКОЙ ЭПОХИ В ИДЕОЛОГИЧЕСКОМ СОЗИДАНИИ «НОВОГО» ЧЕЛОВЕКА
Creators: name: Маленко, Сергей
name: Некита, Андрей
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2022

description: Советская культура и идеология породили особый тип социальной мифологии, позволившей решать конъюнктурные социально- политические и экономические задачи, а также создавать и успешно продвигать архетипический образ советского человека как вариант реидеологизации классических героических мифологий. Такие сложные задачи во многом были обусловлены Великой Отечественной войной и необходимостью качественного переосмысления ее трагического опыта. Архетипический герой советского послевоенного кинематографа стремился максимально освободиться от политических штампов, презентовал себя как обычного человека со спектром лично выстраданных мыслей и чувств. Киномифологическая актуализация архетипической сущности советского человека всякий раз утверждает приоритет духовного над материальным.
Impact of Working Capital Management on Firms' Performance: Evidence from Large Taxpayer Printing Firm's in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Ketema, Aychelet
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2018

description: A well managed working capital promotes a firm's profitability and it also acts in favor for the growth of shareholders value. Many researchers have indicated that, firms cannot survive and continue their daily operations without sufficient level of working capital. Moreover, large numbers of business failures in the past have been blamed on the inability of the financial manager in managing working capital of firms. Previous researches have examined the relationship between working capital management and firm's performance. The main objective of this study was to investigate the impact of working capital management on profitability of large tax payer printing firms. This study examined the impact of working capital management on firm's performance by using financial statements of large taxpayer printing firms in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from the period of 2011 to 2015. In this study, return on asset (ROA) was used as a dependent variable while cash conversion period, Accounts collection period, inventory conversion period, current ratio and firms size were used as an independent variables. The data was analyzed using descriptive and regression analysis method. Statistical analysis was computed by using Eviews version 9. In agreement with the hypothesis of this research, the regression analysis has shown that working capital management components have a significant impact on firm's performance. The result of this study has also indicated that inventory conversion period, account collection period and current ratio have significant negative relation with profitability but positive significant relationship between cash conversion cycle and profitability. However, the researcher found insignificant negative relationship between the size of firm and profitability. Therefore, managers of large taxpayer printing firms can maximize firm's value and profitability by improving management of working capital component at optimal level. Key terms: Working capital management, Printing firms, profitability
Two Iron-Age Settlement Sites in Germany: From Field Work via Numerical Modeling towards an Improved Interpretation
Creators: name: Kaufmann, Georg
name: Ullrich, Burkart
name: Hoelzmann, Philipp
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Multi-Geophysical Prospection
subject: Magnetic Gradiometry
subject: Archaeo-Geophysics
subject: Modelling
subject: Field Work
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften
subject: 900 Geschichte und Geografie::930 Geschichte des Altertums (bis ca. 499), Archäologie::930 Geschichte des Altertums bis ca. 499, Archäologie

description: Geophysical exploration of archaeological sites has been a successful tool becoming more and more popular in the last decades. Many archaeological features can be detected with magnetic gradiometry (MGR), such as fire places, burned loam, metal artifacts, or other remnants, which produce a remanent magnetic signal detectable on the surface. However, as magnetic minerals are also present in natural settings, e.g. sedimentary and magmatic rocks and sediments derived from these host rocks, the MGR signal from archaeological artifacts is often embedded in a broader geomorphological signal, which makes separation of the different sources difficult. We provide geophysical data from two complex archaeological sites in northern Germany, which have been obtained with different methods, e.g. magnetic gradiometry (MGR), electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), electro-magnetic mapping (EM), and ground-penetrating radar (GPR). The combination of geophysical methods maps different material properties of both the geomorphological and the archaeological sources. We then use the three-dimensional modeling tool PREDICTOR to analyze the sources for the geophysical signals, e.g. the dominant signal in Leimbach, resulting from infill of palaeo-channels in the settlement area, and fire places as well as shafts in the hill fort of Lossow. The model prediction enables us to quantify the structures in the sub-surface and therefore helps to unravel complex situations often present in archaeological excavations.
Serre-type equations in deep water
Creators: name: Dutykh, Denys
name: Clamond, Didier
name: Chhay, Marx
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This manuscript is devoted to the modelling of water waves in the deep water regime with some emphasis on the underlying variational structures. The present article should be considered as a review of some existing models and modelling approaches even if new results are presented as well. Namely, we derive the deep water analogue of the celebrated Serre-Green-Naghdi equations which have become the standard model in shallow water environments. The relation to existing models is discussed. Moreover, the multi-symplectic structure of these equations is reported as well. The results of this work can be used to develop various types of robust structure-preserving variational integrators in deep water. The methodology of constructing approximate models presented in this study can be naturally extrapolated to other physical flow regimes as well.
description: 27 pages, 4 figures, 56 references. Other author's papers can be downloaded at http://www.denys-dutykh.com/
No redshift evolution in the rest-frame UV emission line properties of quasars from z=1.5 to z=4.0
Creators: name: Stepney, Matthew
name: Banerji, Manda
name: Hewett, Paul C.
name: Temple, Matthew J.
name: Rankine, Amy L.
name: Matthews, James H.
name: Richards, Gordon T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the rest-frame UV spectra of 2,531 high-redshift (3.53.5 using a cross-correlation algorithm that employs high signal-to-noise template spectra spanning the full range in UV emission line properties. We then quantify the evolution of C IV and He II emission line properties with redshift. The increase in C IV blueshifts with cosmological redshift can be fully explained by the higher luminosities of quasars observed at high redshifts. We recover broadly similar trends between the He II EW and C IV blueshift at both 1.5 0.2 and Mbh > 10^9 Mo for the entire 1.56 are on average less massive and have higher Eddington-scaled accretion rates than their luminosity-matched counterparts at 1.5
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, July 5th 2023. Supplementary material will be available online through the journal
Star formation history of And XVIII: a dwarf spheroidal galaxy in isolation
Creators: name: Makarova, L. N.
name: Makarov, D. I.
name: Karachentsev, I. D.
name: Tully, R. B.
name: Rizzi, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a photometric study of the Andromeda XVIII dwarf spheroidal galaxy associated with M31, and situated well outside of the virial radius of the M31 halo. The galaxy was resolved into stars with Hubble Space Telescope/Advanced Camera for Surveys revealing the old red giant branch and red clump. With the new observational data we determined the Andromeda XVIII distance to be D = 1.33+-0.08 Mpc using the tip of red giant branch method. Thus, the dwarf is situated at the distance of 579 kpc from M31. We model the star formation history of Andromeda XVIII from the stellar photometry and Padova theoretical stellar isochrones. An ancient burst of star formation occurred 12-14 Gyr ago. There is no sign of recent/ongoing star formation in the last 1.5 Gyr. The mass fractions of the ancient and intermediate age stars are 34 and 66 per cent, respectively, and the total stellar mass is 4.2x10^6 Msun. It is probable that the galaxy has not experienced an interaction with M31 in the past. We also discuss star formation processes of dSphs KKR 25, KKs 03, as well as dTr KK 258. Their star formation histories were uniformly measured by us from HST/ACS observations. All the galaxies are situated well beyond the Local Group and the two dSphs KKR 25 and KKs 03 are extremely isolated. Evidently, the evolution of these objects has proceeded without influence of neighbours.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Cisuralian calc-alkaline magmatism in the Herrera Unit of the Iberian Chain (Cantabrian Zone of the Iberian Massif, Spain): age and geodynamic constraints from U-Pb LA-ICP-MS zircon analysis
Creators: name: Majarena, Urbez
name: Estéban, José Julián
name: Galé, Carlos
name: Gil-Imaz, Andrés
name: Lago, Marceliano
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3705
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Supplementary material 1. Analytical settings.
When Fair Classification Meets Noisy Protected Attributes
Creators: name: Ghosh, Avijit
name: Kvitca, Pablo
name: Wilson, Christo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The operationalization of algorithmic fairness comes with several practical challenges, not the least of which is the availability or reliability of protected attributes in datasets. In real-world contexts, practical and legal impediments may prevent the collection and use of demographic data, making it difficult to ensure algorithmic fairness. While initial fairness algorithms did not consider these limitations, recent proposals aim to achieve algorithmic fairness in classification by incorporating noisiness in protected attributes or not using protected attributes at all. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first head-to-head study of fair classification algorithms to compare attribute-reliant, noise-tolerant and attribute-blind algorithms along the dual axes of predictivity and fairness. We evaluated these algorithms via case studies on four real-world datasets and synthetic perturbations. Our study reveals that attribute-blind and noise-tolerant fair classifiers can potentially achieve similar level of performance as attribute-reliant algorithms, even when protected attributes are noisy. However, implementing them in practice requires careful nuance. Our study provides insights into the practical implications of using fair classification algorithms in scenarios where protected attributes are noisy or partially available.
description: Accepted at the 6th AAAI/ACM Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Ethics and Society (AIES) 2023
Geometric Frustration of Colloidal Dimers on a Honeycomb Magnetic Lattice
Creators: name: Tierno, Pietro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the phase behaviour and the collective dynamics of interacting paramagnetic colloids assembled above a honeycomb lattice of triangular shaped magnetic minima. A frustrated colloidal molecular crystal is realized when filling these potential minima with exactly two particles per pinning site. External in-plane rotating fields are used to anneal the system into different phases, including long range ordered stripes, random fully packed loops, labyrinth and disordered states. At higher amplitude of the annealing field, the dimer lattice displays a two step melting transition where the initially immobile dimers perform first localized rotations and later break up by exchanging particles across consecutive lattice minima.
The application of discrete wavelet packet analysis for the detection and diagnosis of low speed rolling-element bearing faults
Creators: name: Altmann., Joshua
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Improved spectral gaps for random quantum circuits: Large local dimensions and all-to-all interactions
Creators: name: Haferkamp, Jonas
name: Hunter-Jones, Nicholas
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum correlations in quantum information
subject: Quantum entanglement
subject: Quantum Information
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::539 Moderne Physik

description: Random quantum circuits are a central concept in quantum information theory with applications ranging from demonstrations of quantum computational advantage to descriptions of scrambling in strongly interacting systems and black holes. The utility of random quantum circuits in these settings stems from their ability to rapidly generate quantum pseudorandomness. In a seminal paper by Brandão, Harrow, and Horodecki [Commun. Math. Phys. 346, 397 (2016)] it was proven that the tth moment operator of local random quantum circuits on n qudits with local dimension q has a spectral gap of at least Ω(n−1t−5−3.1/ln(q)), which implies that they are efficient constructions of approximate unitary designs. As a first result, we use Knabe bounds for the spectral gaps of frustration-free Hamiltonians to show that one-dimensional random quantum circuits have a spectral gap scaling as Ω(n−1), provided that t is small compared to the local dimension: t2≤O(q). This implies a (nearly) linear scaling of the circuit depth in the design order t. Our second result is an unconditional spectral gap bounded below by Ω[n−1ln−1(n)t−α(q)] for random quantum circuits with all-to-all interactions. This improves both the n and t scaling in design depth for the nonlocal model. We show this by proving a recursion relation for the spectral gaps involving an auxiliary random walk. Lastly, we solve the smallest nontrivial case exactly and combine with numerics and Knabe bounds to improve the constants involved in the spectral gap for small values of t.
Foreign Direct Investment in Sub-Saharan Africa And It's Contribution to Economic Growth
Creators: name: Bekele, Mekonnen
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2001

description: The first objective of this paper is an ex-post approach that tests the pull-side determinants of FDI inflows into SSA countries during the last two decades. To attain this objective, cross-section multiple regression analysis is employed over three sub-periods (1980-84, 1985-89 and 1995-1999), by treating five years average values of the both the dependent variable (per capita FDI inflows) and the theoretically postulated explanatory variables. For this purpose, thirty-four SSA countries are included in the sample of the study. From the estimated results, the most important determinant variables are natural resource potential, infrastructure, real GDP per capita (market size), exchange rate variability and the rate of inflation. The first three variables are playing positive role in attracting FDI, whereas the latter two are playing a negative role. Lending interest rate, cost of labour and the degree of openness are the factors that have negative relationship with FDI inflows in addition to the above variables during the first period, while weak governance has negative impact for the second period. In the third period, political instability, fiscal deficit, labour cost and corruption are factors that negatively affect FDI inflows. Due to the multicollinearity problem, the alternative use of human capital in place of income (during 1980-84 and 1995-99), and measure of the degree of openness in place of the natural resource potential (during 1995-99), both explained the FDI inflows positively. Interest rate was significantly determining FDI inflows into the SSA countries only during the period of high level of joint venture FDI. Unlike the early periods of 1980-84, in the recent period of globalization, relatively more open countries attract higher FDI. Under the hitherto circumstances, debt burden (unlike xi other developing regions) has played little role in hampering FDI, and tax incentives have little impact in attracting FDI for SSA countries. The second objective is concerned with testing the impacts of FDI on the economic growth of SSA countries directly, and through its impact on gross domestic saving, indirectly. To this end, simultaneous equation model in panel data is estimated by treating growth of output and gross domestic saving as endogenous variable and lagged value of FDI and other variables as exogenous variables. Data from twelve SSA countries over the period of 1987-98 was used for this test. The estimated result shows that FDI has negative but insignificant direct and total effect on the growth of output of the sample SSA countries, but it has positive indirect effect on the growth of output through domestic saving. As the assumption of efficient market and perfect mobility of factors of production doesn't hold in for the SSA countries, the impact of FDI on economic growth is unsatisfactory.
Blue Straggler Star Populations in Globular Clusters: II. Proper-Motion Cleaned HST Catalogs of BSSs in 38 Galactic GCs
Creators: name: Simunovic, Mirko
name: Puzia, Thomas H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new Blue Straggler Star (BSS) catalogs in 38 Milky Way globular clusters (GCs) based on multi-passband and multi-epoch treasury survey data from the Hubble Space Telescope. We measure precise astrometry and relative proper motions of stars in all target clusters and performed a subsequent cluster membership selection. We study the accuracy of our proper motion measurements using estimates of central velocity dispersions and find very good agreement with previous studies in the literature. Finally, we present a homogeneous BSS selection method, that expands the classic BSS selection parameter space to more evolved BSS evolutionary stages. We apply this method to the proper-motion cleaned GC star catalogs in order to define proper-motion cleaned BSS catalogs in all 38 GCs, which we make publicly available to enable further study and follow-up observations.
description: MNRAS in press, BSS catalogs are available at http://www.astro.puc.cl/~msimunov/research.html
Fast trajectory reconstruction techniques for the large acceptance magnetic spectrometer VAMOS++
Creators: name: Lemasson, A.
name: Rejmund, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The large angular and momentum acceptance magnetic spectrometer VAMOS++, at GANIL, France, is frequently used for nuclear structure and reaction dynamics studies. It provides an event-by-event identification of heavy ions produced in nuclear reactions at beam energies around the Coulomb barrier. The highly non-linear ion optics of VAMOS++ requires the use of the heavy ion trajectory reconstruction methods in the spectrometer to obtain the high-resolution definition of the measured atomic mass number. Three different trajectory reconstruction methods, developed and used for VAMOS++, are presented in this work. The performances obtained, in terms of resolution of reconstructed atomic mass number, are demonstrated and discussed using a single data-set of fission fragments detected in the spectrometer.
description: Accepted for publication in Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A
Layers of deformed instantons in holographic baryonic matter
Creators: name: Preis, Florian
name: Schmitt, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss homogeneous baryonic matter in the decompactified limit of the Sakai-Sugimoto model, improving existing approximations based on flat-space instantons. We allow for an anisotropic deformation of the instantons in the holographic and spatial directions and for a density-dependent distribution of arbitrarily many instanton layers in the bulk. Within our approximation, the baryon onset turns out to be a second-order phase transition, at odds with nature, and there is no transition to quark matter at high densities, at odds with expectations from QCD. This changes when we impose certain constraints on the shape of single instantons, motivated by known features of holographic baryons in the vacuum. Then, a first-order baryon onset and chiral restoration at high density are possible, and at sufficiently large densities two instanton layers are formed dynamically. Our results are a further step towards describing realistic, strongly interacting matter over a large density regime within a single model, desirable for studies of compact stars.
description: 37 pages, 7 figures, v2: two panels added to fig. 5, version to appear in JHEP
Carbon-Efficient Neural Architecture Search
Creators: name: Zhao, Yiyang
name: Guo, Tian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This work presents a novel approach to neural architecture search (NAS) that aims to reduce energy costs and increase carbon efficiency during the model design process. The proposed framework, called carbon-efficient NAS (CE-NAS), consists of NAS evaluation algorithms with different energy requirements, a multi-objective optimizer, and a heuristic GPU allocation strategy. CE-NAS dynamically balances energy-efficient sampling and energy-consuming evaluation tasks based on current carbon emissions. Using a recent NAS benchmark dataset and two carbon traces, our trace-driven simulations demonstrate that CE-NAS achieves better carbon and search efficiency than the three baselines.
A local and renormalizable framework for the gauge-invariant operator $A^2_{\min}$ in Euclidean Yang-Mills theories in linear covariant gauges
Creators: name: Capri, M. A. L.
name: Fiorentini, D.
name: Guimaraes, M. S.
name: Mintz, B. W.
name: Palhares, L. F.
name: Sorella, S. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the issue of the renormalizability of the gauge-invariant non-local dimension-two operator $A^2_{\rm min}$, whose minimization is defined along the gauge orbit. Despite its non-local character, we show that the operator $A^2_{\rm min}$ can be cast in local form through the introduction of an auxiliary Stueckelberg field. The localization procedure gives rise to an unconventional kind of Stueckelberg-type action which turns out to be renormalizable to all orders of perturbation theory. In particular, as a consequence of its gauge invariance, the anomalous dimension of the operator $A^2_{\rm min}$ turns out to be independent from the gauge parameter $α$ entering the gauge-fixing condition, being thus given by the anomalous dimension of the operator $A^2$ in the Landau gauge.
description: 35 pages; v2: ref. added
Autômatos celulares com borda pseudoaleatória aplicados à cifragem de imagens digitais
Creators: name: Menezes, Felipe Augusto
name: Silva, Eduardo Cassiano da
name: Araújo Lima, Danielli
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 80402 Data Encryption
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Tendo em vista o crescimento tecnológico a partir do século XX, diversas tecnologias e meios de comunicação foram criados, o acesso a informação nunca foi tão simples. Devido a isso, podemos nos comunicar através de textos, imagens, áudios com pessoas que estejam do outro lado do mundo instantaneamente. Com isso é necessário obter uma forte segurança dessa comunicação, uma vez que dependendo do tipo da informação pode trazer prejuízos a um indivíduo ou a um grupo. Os algoritmos de criptografia de dados foram essenciais para a segurança, a criptografia em si é utilizada pela humanidade desde tempos remotos. Tratando-se de criptografia de imagem é sempre necessário que seja rápida, segura e de baixo custo de processamento. Os autômatos celulares têm grande aplicabilidade em criptografia, uma vez que são sistemas dinâmicos emergentes e são associados à teoria do caos, propriedades adequadas a bons sistemas criptográficos. Este trabalho tem o objetivo de otimizar um algoritmo de criptografia afim de obter resultados mais satisfatórios do que o proposto Border Chaotic Cellular Automata (BCCA) através da aplicação de uma borda pseudoaleatória gerada por uma regra caótica.