cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Association of Atoms into Universal Dimers using an Oscillating Magnetic Field
Creators: name: Langmack, Christian
name: Smith, D. Hudson
name: Braaten, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a system of ultracold atoms near a Feshbach resonance, pairs of atoms can be associated into universal dimers by an oscillating magnetic field with frequency near that determined by the dimer binding energy. We present a simple expression for the transition rate that takes into account many-body effects through a transition matrix element of the contact. In a thermal gas, the width of the peak in the transition rate as a function of the frequency is determined by the temperature. In a dilute Bose-Einstein condensate of atoms, the width is determined by the inelastic scattering rates of a dimer with zero-energy atoms. Near an atom-dimer resonance, there is a dramatic increase in the width from inelastic atom-dimer scattering and from atom-atom-dimer recombination. The recombination contribution provides a signature for universal tetramers that are Efimov states consisting of two atoms and a dimer.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Phegea51-2. Is Sicily an island too far for Papilio saharae? Why is Papilio machaon rushed in where P. saharae is feared to tread? (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae)
Creators: name: Cassar, Louis-F.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Animal behaviour

description: Papilio saharae Oberthür, 1879 (Papilionidae) was reported from Sicily on a handful of occasions in the last decade or so. On at least two instances, the taxon was claimed to have been discovered in museum collections, respectively by Moonen (2012) at the Zoological Museum, Amsterdam (ZMA) and Leraut (2016) at the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris. These records and a proposed nomenclatural change for P. machaon melitensis, were subsequently rejected by Coutsis et al. (2018). The present contribution provides a critique of the methodologies employed by the various authors and acknowledges that there remains much scope to investigate the P. machaon-complex further while maintaining that a more holistic approach is required to better understand the multidimensional dynamics that have shaped the biogeography of the central Mediterranean area.
Adverse experiences and suicidal ideation in adolescence: Exploring the link using the LONGSCAN samples.
Creators: name: Dubowitz, Howard
name: Proctor, Laura J.
name: Thompson, Richard
name: Flaherty, Emalee G.
name: Everson, Mark D.
name: Litrownik, Alan J.
name: English, Diana J.
name: Isbell, Patricia
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Although widely studied in adults, the link between lifetime adversities and suicidal ideation in youth is poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to explore this link in adolescents.
Global gyrokinetic simulations of ASDEX Upgrade up to the transport time-scale with GENE-Tango
Creators: name: Di Siena, A.
name: Navarro, A. Banon
name: Luda, T.
name: Merlo, G.
name: Bergmann, M.
name: Leppin, L.
name: Goerler, T.
name: Parker, J. B.
name: LoDestro, L.
name: Hittinger, J.
name: Dorland, B.
name: Hammett, G.
name: Jenko, F.
name: Team, the ASDEX Upgrade
name: Team, the EUROfusion MST1
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An accurate description of turbulence up to the transport time scale is essential for predicting core plasma profiles and enabling reliable calculations for designing advanced scenarios and future devices. Here, we exploit the gap separation between turbulence and transport time scales and couple the global gyrokinetic code GENE to the transport-solver Tango, including kinetic electrons, collisions, realistic geometries, toroidal rotation and electromagnetic effects for the first time. This approach overcomes gyrokinetic codes' limitations and enables high-fidelity profile calculations in experimentally relevant plasma conditions, significantly reducing the computational cost. We present numerical results of GENE-Tango for two ASDEX Upgrade discharges, one of which exhibits a pronounced peaking of the ion temperature profile not reproduced by TGLF-ASTRA. We show that GENE-Tango can correctly capture the ion temperature peaking observed in the experiment. By retaining different physical effects in the GENE simulations, e.g., collisions, toroidal rotation and electromagnetic effects, we demonstrate that the ion temperature profile's peaking is due to electromagnetic effects of submarginal MHD instability. Based on these results, the expected GENE-Tango speedup for the ITER standard scenario is larger than two orders of magnitude compared to a single gyrokinetic simulation up to the transport time scale, possibly making first-principles ITER simulations feasible on current computing resources.
Probing time-dependent convective boundary mixing with gravity-mode oscillations
Creators: name: Pedersen, May Gade
name: Michielsen, Mathias
name: Li, Yaguang
name: Crawford, Courtney
name: Bedding, Timothy R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: One of the dominant uncertainties in the evolution of stars with convective cores arises from their poorly constrained internal mixing properties. Such mixing can renew the hydrogen fuel in the stellar cores, thereby significantly extending their main-sequence lifetimes and increasing the final helium core mass obtained at core hydrogen exhaustion. Different mixing processes occurring near the convective boundaries are collectively referred to as convective boundary mixing (CBM). Their implementation in 1D stellar structure and evolution codes generally relies on at least one free parameter that defines the extent and mixing efficiency in this region. One such type of CBM is convective penetration. Recently, 3D numerical simulations of convective penetration occurring at the boundary of convective cores suggest that the extent of this CBM region can be directly computed from the properties of the core and changes size as the star evolves. Here, we investigate if gravity-mode oscillations, which have the highest probing power near the convective core, are sensitive to such time-dependent CBM.
Changes in youth's experiences of child maltreatment across developmental periods in the LONGSCAN consortium.
Creators: name: Litrownik, Alan J.
name: Kotch, Jonathan B.
name: Runyan, Desmond K.
name: Roesch, Scott C.
name: English, Diana J.
name: Villodas, Miguel T.
name: Thompson, Richard
name: Dubowitz, Howard
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: The present study applied person-centered data analytic techniques to identify groups of youth with allegations for combinations of maltreatment types during preschool, early and late childhood.
Reflected Entropy and Entanglement Negativity for Holographic Moving Mirrors
Creators: name: Basak, Jaydeep Kumar
name: Basu, Debarshi
name: Malvimat, Vinay
name: Parihar, Himanshu
name: Sengupta, Gautam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the time evolution of reflected entropy and entanglement negativity for mixed state configurations involving two adjacent and disjoint intervals in the radiation flux of moving mirrors by utilizing the $AdS/BCFT$ duality. These measures are computed for the required mixed state configurations by using the respective replica techniques in the large central charge limit of the $BCFT_{1+1}$. We demonstrate that the results obtained exactly agree with the corresponding holographic computations in the dual bulk $AdS_3$ geometry with an end of the world brane. In this context, the analogues of the Page curves for these measures are obtained for the required configurations in the radiation flux of kink and escaping mirrors which mimic the Hawking radiation from evaporating and eternal black holes respectively.
description: 49 pages and 28 figures, minor modifications and citations added
Patterns of violence exposure and sexual risk in low-income, urban African American girls.
Creators: name: Wilson, Helen W.
name: Woods, Briana A.
name: Emerson, Erin
name: Donenberg, Geri R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: This study examined the relationship between violence exposure and sexual risk-taking among low-income, urban African American (AA) adolescent girls, considering overlap among different types and characteristics of violence.
Transition from amplitude to oscillation death in a network of oscillators
Creators: name: Nandan, Mauparna
name: Hens, C. R.
name: Pal, Pinaki
name: Dana, Syamal K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a transition from a homogeneous steady state (HSS) to inhomogeneous steady states (IHSSs) in a network of globally coupled identical oscillators. We perturb a synchronized population in the network with a few local negative mean field links. It is observed that the whole population splits into two clusters for a certain number of negative mean field links and specific range of coupling strength. For further increases of the strength of interaction these clusters collapse to a HSS followed by a transition to IHSSs. We analytically determine the origin of HSS and its transition to IHSS in relation to the number of negative mean-field links and the strength of interaction using a reductionism approach to the model network in a two-cluster state. We verify the results with numerical examples of networks using the paradigmatic Landau-Stuart limit cycle system and the chaotic Rossler oscillator as dynamical nodes. During the transition from HSS to IHSSs, the network follows the Turing type symmetry breaking pitchfork or transcritical bifurcation depending upon the system dynamics.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, accepted in Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science
Intimate partner violence, maternal sensitive parenting behaviors, and children’s executive functioning.
Creators: name: Cox, Martha J.
name: Coffman, Jennifer L.
name: Gustafsson, Hanna C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Despite knowledge that intimate partner violence (IPV) can negatively affect children's socioemotional and behavioral development, less is known about the impact of IPV on children's cognitive development, including whether it influences their executive functioning (EF). The goal of the current study was to address this gap in the literature, by examining the association between IPV that occurs early in life and EF at school entry. This study also allowed for the investigation of maternal sensitive parenting behaviors as a possible mediator of this relation.
Assessment of the second-order statically screened exchange correction to the random phase approximation for correlation energies
Creators: name: Förster, Arno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With increasing inter-electronic distance, the screening of the electron-electron interaction by the presence of other electrons becomes the dominant source of electron correlation. This effect is described by the random phase approximation (RPA) which is therefore a promising method for the calculation of weak interactions. The success of the RPA relies on the cancellation of errors, which can be traced back to the violation of the crossing symmetry of the 4-point vertex, leading to strongly overestimated total correlation energies. By addition of second-order screened exchange (SOSEX) to the correlation energy, this issue is substantially reduced. In the adiabatic connection (AC) SOSEX formalism, one of the two electron-electron interaction lines in the second-order exchange term is dynamically screened (SOSEX($W$,$v_c$)). A related SOSEX expression in which both electron-electron interaction lines are statically screened (SOSEX($W(0)$,$W(0)$)) is obtained from the $G3W2$ contribution to the electronic self-energy. In contrast to SOSEX($W$,$v_c$), the evaluation of this correlation energy expression does not require an expensive numerical frequency integration and is therefore advantageous from a computational perspective. We compare the accuracy of the statically screened variant to RPA and RPA+SOSEX($W$,$v_c$) for a wide range of chemical reactions. While both methods fail for barrier heights, SOSEX($W(0)$,$W(0)$) agrees very well with SOSEX($W$,$v_c$) for charged excitations and non-covalent interactions where they lead to major improvements over RPA.
description: revised paper, published open access by JCTC
Effectively implementing psychiatric advance directives to promote self-determination of treatment among people with mental illness.
Creators: name: Swartz, Marvin S.
name: Elbogen, Eric B.
name: Swanson, Jeffrey W.
name: Van Dorn, Richard
name: Wilder, Christine
name: Ferron, Joelle
name: Wagner, H. Ryan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Statutes on psychiatric advance directives (PADs) allow competent individuals to document instructions for future mental health treatment in the event of an incapacitating crisis. PADs are aimed at promoting a stronger sense of patient self-determination, considered a central tenet of psychosocial rehabilitation and recovery; however, it is unknown what factors (if any) lead psychiatric patients with PADs to experience this benefit long term. The current study involves examination of 1 year effects on perceived treatment self-determination among 125 people with mental disorders who completed PADs via a 1-on-1 facilitated PAD intervention. Descriptive analyses showed participants documented medically relevant information that would assist doctors in a crisis and participants reported a high level of satisfaction with the facilitated PAD intervention. Multivariate analyses demonstrated that increased sense of autonomy at 1 year was predicted by race, understanding PADs, and verbal memory. Results provide useful guidance for administrators and clinicians, suggesting that PADs show promise in helping empower people with mental illness, especially African-American clients. Further, findings indicate that optimal implementation of PADs will be achieved when facilitated intervention assists people with mental illness to better understand what PADs are and to remember they have a PAD at the time they are experiencing a psychiatric crisis.
ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЯ ТРАНСГРАНИЧНЫХ ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЙ НА РОССИЙСКО-УКРАИНСКОМ ПОГРАНИЧЬЕ ПОСЛЕ 2014 ГОДА
Creators: name: КОЛОСОВ ВЛАДИМИР АЛЕКСАНДРОВИЧ
name: ЗОТОВА МАРИЯ ВЛАДИМИРОВНА
Publisher: name: Сравнительная политика
Year: 2018
Subjects: РОССИЯ
УКРАИНА
КРИЗИС
ПОГРАНИЧЬЕ
СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ КОНТРАСТЫ
ПРИГРАНИЧНОЕ СОТРУДНИЧЕСТВО
ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ СВЯЗИ
RUSSIA
UKRAINE
BORDERLAND
CRISIS
SOCIOECONOMIC GRADIENTS
ECONOMIC TIES
CROSS-BORDER COOPERATION

description: В статье исследовано влияние политического кризиса между Россией и Украиной на развитие и взаимодействие регионов российско-украинского пограничья. Кратко анализируются предпосылки, которые привели к затяжному политическому конфликту между двумя государствами. Изучена динамика основных социально-экономических показателей приграничных регионов. Установлено, что градиенты между соседними регионами двух стран на всех участках пограничья существенно усилились. Наиболее резкие градиенты в 2016 г. были выявлены на участках границы между Белгородской и Харьковской, Ростовской и Донецкой областями. Проведен анализ состояния приграничных взаимодействий и адаптации хозяйства и социальной сферы к изменившимся условиям на пяти ключевых участках пограничья. Выявлено, что несмотря на препятствия и сложности социальные взаимодействия, хотя и заметно ослабевают, до конца не прекращаются, что сохраняет возможности для возобновления сотрудничества при благоприятных условиях.
Charge segregation model for superconducting correlations in cuprates above $T_c$
Creators: name: de Mello, E. V. L.
name: Sonier, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical framework for understanding recent transverse field muon spin rotation (TF-$μ$SR) experiments on cuprate superconductors in terms of localized regions of phase-coherent pairing correlations above the bulk superconducting transition temperature $T_c$. The local regions of phase coherence are associated with a tendency toward charge ordering, a phenomenon found recently in hole-doped cuprates. We simulate the appearance of these regions by a conserved order parameter dynamics, and perform self-consistent superconducting calculations using the Bogoliubov-deGennes method. Within this context we explore two possible scenarios: (i) The magnetic field is diamagnetically screened by the sum of varying shielding currents of isolated small-sized superconducting domains. (ii) These domains become increasingly correlated by Josephson coupling as the temperature is lowered and the main response to the applied magnetic field is from the sum of all varying tunneling currents. The results indicate that these two approaches may be used to simulate the TF-$μ$SR data but case (ii) yields better agreement.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures
Exact distributions of intraclass correlation and Cronbach's alpha with Gaussian data and general covariance
Creators: name: Muller, Keith E.
name: Kistner, Emily O.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: Intraclass correlation and Cronbach’s alpha are widely used to describe reliability of tests and measurements. Even with Gaussian data, exact distributions are known only for compound symmetric covariance (equal variances and equal correlations). Recently, large sample Gaussian approximations were derived for the distribution functions.
A consistent approach to the path integral formalism of quantum mechanics based on the maximum length uncertainty
Creators: name: Pramanik, Souvik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a proper path integral formalism consistent with the deformed version of the quantum mechanics which contains a maximum observable length scale at the order of the Cosmological particle horizon, existing in cosmology. First, we have presented the modifications to the classical mechanics which shows non-minimal effects on the equation of motion of a particle. Next, we have provided representation of the deformed quantum mechanical algebra. With this algebra in hand, we have calculated the general form of the path integral propagator in this deformed background. Finally, as a most simple case, we have built up the explicit form of the free particle propagator. The modifications to the free particle propagator shows some non-trivial effects in this case, which can have some important significance.
description: 9 pages, no figure
Vorwort
Creators: name: Benoit, Pierre
name: Murphy, Roland E.
name: Iersel, Bastiaan Martinus Franciscus Van
Publisher: name: Concilium
Year: 1970

description: Concilium, Bd. 1 Nr. 10 (1965): Concilium: Internationale Zeitschrift für Theologie, Band 1, Heft 10
Repeated long separations from pups produce depression-like behavior in rat mothers
Creators: name: Razzoli, Maria
name: Pedersen, Cort A.
name: Boccia, Maria L.
name: Trumbull, Whit
name: Caleffie, Christopher
name: Prasad Vadlamudi, Sivaram
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Long (LMS) versus brief (BMS) daily separations of rat pups from their mothers have contrasting effects on their adult stress responses and maternal behavior by respectively decreasing and increasing licking received from their mothers. We hypothesized that LMS decreases pup licking in mothers by inducing learned helplessness, creating a depression-like state. We subjected postpartum rats to LMS (3 h), BMS (15 min) or no separation (NMS) on postpartum days 2–14. After weaning, mothers were given a forced swim test (FST). LMS mothers exhibited more immobility and fewer escape attempts than BMS or NMS mothers. These results suggest that LMS induces a depression-like state, which may account for the reductions in maternal behavior seen in LMS mothers. Immobility in the FST is recognized as an animal model of depression. Therefore, LMS may be a model of maternal depression.
Differential hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal activation of the neuroactive steroids pregnenolone sulfate and deoxycorticosterone in healthy controls and alcohol-dependent subjects
Creators: name: Adinoff, Bryon
name: O’Buckley, Todd K.
name: Porcu, Patrizia
name: Leslie Morrow, A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Ethanol and the neuroactive steroids have interactive neuropharmacological effects and chronic ethanol administration blunts the ethanol-induced increase in neuroactive steroid levels in rodent plasma and brain. Few studies have explored neuroactive steroid regulation in alcohol-dependent human subjects. In fact, the regulation of adrenal neuroactive steroids has not been well defined in healthy controls. We thus explored the regulation of two neuroactive steroids, pregnenolone sulfate (PREG-S) and deoxycorticosterone, by pharmacological challenges to the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in healthy controls and one-month abstinent alcohol-dependent patients with co-occurring nicotine dependence. Plasma levels of PREG-S and deoxycorticosterone were measured by radioimmunoassay in controls and alcohol-dependent patients after challenges of naloxone, ovine corticotrophin releasing hormone (oCRH), dexamethasone, cosyntropin, and cosyntropin following high-dose dexamethasone. In addition, basal diurnal measures of both hormones were obtained. PREG-S plasma levels in healthy controls were increased by cosyntropin challenge (with and without dexamethasone pretreatment) and decreased by dexamethasone challenge. However, PREG-S concentrations were not altered by naloxone or oCRH challenges, suggesting that PREG-S is not solely regulated by hypothalamic or pituitary stimulation. Deoxycorticosterone, in contrast, is regulated by HPA challenge stimulation in a manner similar to cortisol. Alcohol-dependent patients had a blunted PREG-S response to cosyntropin (with and without dexamethasone pretreatment). Furthermore, the time to peak deoxycorticosterone response following oCRH was delayed in alcohol-dependent patients compared to controls. These results indicate that plasma PREG-S and deoxycorticosterone levels are differentially regulated by HPA axis modulation in human plasma. Further, alcohol-dependent patients show a blunted PREG-S response to adrenal stimulation and a delayed deoxycorticosterone response to oCRH challenge.
Development of a technology for manufacturing a heat-shielding structure on nitrogen cryocontainers, excluding heat transfer through gas
Creators: name: Zhun, H. H.
name: Starikov, V. V.
name: Koverya, V. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the important stages in the creation of the scientific and technical foundations for the calculation, design and manufacturing technology of the lowest heat-conductivity thermal protection from screen-vacuum thermal insulation (SVTI) is the development of a process for achieving the optimal vacuum in the SVTI layers, since at this pressure, thermal conductivity through the SVTI is carried out only due to the radiant and contact-conductive components. It is proposed to obtain such a pressure in thermal insulation by using cushioning material in it, which was previously degassed in a separate vacuum chamber at 370-380 K for 12 hours in order to remove water molecules from its structure and then replace them with dry nitrogen molecules. These molecules have 3-4 times less heat of adsorption; therefore they are pumped out faster. As a result, it becomes possible to accelerate (by 20 hours) to achieve optimal vacuum in thermal insulation, as well as 11% lower effective thermal conductivity. The analysis carried out (according to the developed methodology) showed that the achieved optimal effective thermal conductivity of thermal insulation in a cryocontainers is determined by 33% of radiant thermal conductivity and 67% of the contact-conductive component.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures
Planet Hunters VII. Discovery of a New Low-Mass, Low-Density Planet (PH3 c) Orbiting Kepler-289 with Mass Measurements of Two Additional Planets (PH3 b and d)
Creators: name: Schmitt, Joseph R.
name: Agol, Eric
name: Deck, Katherine M.
name: Rogers, Leslie A.
name: Gazak, J. Zachary
name: Fischer, Debra A.
name: Wang, Ji
name: Holman, Matthew J.
name: Jek, Kian J.
name: Margossian, Charles
name: Omohundro, Mark R.
name: Winarski, Troy
name: Brewer, John M.
name: Giguere, Matthew J.
name: Lintott, Chris
name: Lynn, Stuart
name: Parrish, Michael
name: Schawinski, Kevin
name: Schwamb, Megan E.
name: Simpson, Robert
name: Smith, Arfon M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of one newly confirmed planet ($P=66.06$ days, $R_{\rm{P}}=2.68\pm0.17R_\oplus$) and mass determinations of two previously validated Kepler planets, Kepler-289 b ($P=34.55$ days, $R_{\rm{P}}=2.15\pm0.10R_\oplus$) and Kepler-289-c ($P=125.85$ days, $R_{\rm{P}}=11.59\pm0.10R_\oplus$), through their transit timing variations (TTVs). We also exclude the possibility that these three planets reside in a $1:2:4$ Laplace resonance. The outer planet has very deep ($\sim1.3%$), high signal-to-noise transits, which puts extremely tight constraints on its host star's stellar properties via Kepler's Third Law. The star PH3 is a young ($\sim1$ Gyr as determined by isochrones and gyrochronology), Sun-like star with $M_*=1.08\pm0.02M_\odot$, $R_*=1.00\pm0.02R_\odot$, and $T_{\rm{eff}}=5990\pm38$ K. The middle planet's large TTV amplitude ($\sim5$ hours) resulted either in non-detections or inaccurate detections in previous searches. A strong chopping signal, a shorter period sinusoid in the TTVs, allows us to break the mass-eccentricity degeneracy and uniquely determine the masses of the inner, middle, and outer planets to be $M=7.3\pm6.8M_\oplus$, $4.0\pm0.9M_\oplus$, and $M=132\pm17M_\oplus$, which we designate PH3 b, c, and d, respectively. Furthermore, the middle planet, PH3 c, has a relatively low density, $ρ=1.2\pm0.3$ g/cm$^3$ for a planet of its mass, requiring a substantial H/He atmosphere of $2.1^{+0.8}_{-0.3}%$ by mass, and joins a growing population of low-mass, low-density planets.
description: 21 pages, 10 figures, 5 tables, accepted into ApJ
Solar-powered golf cart
Creators: name: Alyami, Khalid
name: Gibson, Daniel
name: Saiko, Graham
name: Wichman, Ethan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019

description: The objective of this project was to develop and design a solar-powered retrofit kit for an
electric golf cart. The purpose of installing this kit on an electric golf cart is to extend overall
battery life, lower the amount of electricity used to charge the golf cart, and reduce indirect
emissions introduced into the atmosphere. The solar-powered retro-fitting kit was designed to
charge a 36 V battery bank, be lightweight and economically feasible, and be attached to the golf
cart in less than an hour. These goals were all achieved by the group. The team has attached a
solar-powered retro-fitted kit to a 1995 EZGO electric golf cart. Three 12 V/100 W solar panels,
a charge controller, and solar panel wiring are the primary components used in the electrical
system. The team designed multiple mounting components to allow easy assembly for the users.
When the team tested the cart with the retrofit kit, the solar panels provided a substantial trickle-charge
to the battery bank. The team also performed a point design on Rolling Hills Country
Club in Newburgh, Indiana. This point design included both a solar-powered system on the roof
of the cart bam and implementation of the solar-powered retrofit kit on each cart. The team
theoretically calculated the cost to Rolling Hills installing solar panels on the cart bam and
retrofit kits on their 55-cart fleet. A payback period was calculated based on the electricity
savings and lowered need of battery replacement. Overall, the project has been considered a
success by the group.
Predictors and patterns of participant adherence to a cortisol collection protocol
Creators: name: Mishel, Merle H.
name: Porter, Laura S.
name: Blyler, Diane
name: Crandell, Jamie
name: Germino, Barbara B.
name: Allen, Deborah
name: Hall, Daniel L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Cortisol, a stress-related hormone, has been measured in many psychoimmunological studies via collection of saliva; however, patterns of participant adherence to protocol procedures are rarely described in the literature.
Celebrating 10 Years of re3data
Creators: name: Weisweiler, Nina Leonie
name: Bertelmann, Roland
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2022
Subjects: research data, repositories, re3data, anniversary

description: RDA 19th Plenary meeting (part of International Data Week), , 20 Jun 2022 - 23 Jun 2022; doi:10.5281/ZENODO.7085952
description: The year 2022 marks the 10th anniversary of the Registry of Research Data Repositories, re3data. The global index currently lists almost 3000 digital repositories across all scientific disciplines – critical infrastructures to enable the global exchange of research data. The openly accessible service is used by researchers and services worldwide. It provides extensive descriptions of repositories based on a detailed and publicly available metadata schema. New suggestions and change requests for re3data are managed by an experienced team of editors. The editorial process includes a multi-stage review. An international team of experts thoroughly analyzes the repositories and takes care of metadata completeness and quality. The poster presents the growth, development, and accomplishments of re3data over the past 10 years that have resulted in re3data becoming the most comprehensive and largest information and metadata resource on research data repositories. The poster highlights and summarizes important activities like the initial projects funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG), the collaboration and merger with DataBib, and the partnership with DataCite. It also details collaborations like the EU Open Science Monitor, SNF, and FAIR-enabling measures together with the European Community. The poster addresses activities with different research communities in order to initiate intensive talks about best practices and experience made. Furthermore, it highlights the current projects re3data COREF (Community Driven Open Reference for Research Data Repositories / DFG funded) and FAIR Impact (EU funded).
Anomaly Detection in Autonomous Driving: A Survey
Creators: name: Bogdoll, Daniel
name: Nitsche, Maximilian
name: Zöllner, J. Marius
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Nowadays, there are outstanding strides towards a future with autonomous vehicles on our roads. While the perception of autonomous vehicles performs well under closed-set conditions, they still struggle to handle the unexpected. This survey provides an extensive overview of anomaly detection techniques based on camera, lidar, radar, multimodal and abstract object level data. We provide a systematization including detection approach, corner case level, ability for an online application, and further attributes. We outline the state-of-the-art and point out current research gaps.
description: Daniel Bogdoll and Maximilian Nitsche contributed equally. Accepted for publication at CVPR 2022 WAD workshop
EFT Beyond the Horizon: Stochastic Inflation and How Primordial Quantum Fluctuations Go Classical
Creators: name: Burgess, C. P.
name: Holman, R.
name: Tasinato, G.
name: Williams, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We identify the effective theory describing inflationary super-Hubble scales and show it to be a special case of effective field theories appropriate to open systems. Open systems allow information to be exchanged between the degrees of freedom of interest and those that are integrated out, such as for particles moving through a fluid. Strictly speaking they cannot in general be described by an effective lagrangian; rather the appropriate `low-energy' limit is instead a Lindblad equation describing the evolution of the density matrix of the slow degrees of freedom. We derive the equation relevant to super-Hubble modes of quantum fields in near-de Sitter spacetimes and derive two implications. We show the evolution of the diagonal density-matrix elements quickly approaches the Fokker-Planck equation of Starobinsky's stochastic inflationary picture. This provides an alternative first-principles derivation of this picture's stochastic noise and drift, as well as its leading corrections. (An application computes the noise for systems with a sub-luminal sound speed.) We argue that the presence of interactions drives the off-diagonal density-matrix elements to zero in the field basis. This shows why the field basis is the `pointer basis' for the decoherence of primordial quantum fluctuations while they are outside the horizon, thus allowing them to re-enter as classical fluctuations, as assumed when analyzing CMB data. The decoherence process is efficient, occurring after several Hubble times even for interactions as weak as gravitational-strength. Crucially, the details of the interactions largely control only the decoherence time and not the nature of the final late-time stochastic state, much as interactions can control the equilibration time for thermal systems but are largely irrelevant to the properties of the resulting equilibrium state.
description: 25 pages. V2 extended discussion on the noise contribution to the Fokker-Planck equation, also for the case of massive fields; minor changes and references added. 28 pages
Symmetric wormholes in Einstein-vector-Gauss-Bonnet theory
Creators: name: Barton, Simon
name: Kiefer, Claus
name: Kleihaus, Burkhard
name: Kunz, Jutta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct wormholes in Einstein-vector-Gauss-Bonnet theory where a real massless vector field is coupled to the higher curvature Gauss-Bonnet invariant. We consider three coupling functions which depend on the square of the vector field. The respective domains of existence of wormholes possess as their boundaries i) black holes, ii) solutions with a singular throat, iii) solutions with a degenerate throat and iv) solutions with cusp singularities. Depending on the coupling function wormhole solutions can feature a single throat or an equator surrounded by a double throat. The wormhole solutions need a thin shell of matter at the throat, in order to be symmetrically continued into the second asymptotically flat region. These wormhole spacetimes allow for bound and unbound particle motion as well as light rings.
description: 27 pages, 16 figures
Self-Assembled Ge QDs Formed by High Temperature Annealing on GaAs and AlxGa1-xAs (001)
Creators: name: O'Brien, William A.
name: Qi, Meng
name: Yan, Lifan
name: Stephenson, Chad A.
name: Protasenko, Vladimir
name: Xing, Huili Grace
name: Millunchick, Joanna M.
name: Wistey, Mark A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work studies the spontaneous self-assembly of Ge QDs on AlAs, GaAs, and AlGaAs by high temperature in-situ annealing in molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). The morphology of Ge dots formed on AlAs are observed by atom probe tomography, which revealed nearly spherical QDs with diameters approaching 10 nm and confirmed the complete absence of a wetting layer. Reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) of Ge annealed under similar conditions on GaAs and Al0.3Ga0.7As surfaces reveal the gradual suppression of QD formation with decreasing Al-content of the buffer. To investigate the prospects of using encapsulated Ge dots for upconverting photovoltaics, in which photocurrent can still be generated from photons with energy less than the host bandgap, Ge QDs are embedded into the active region of III-V PIN diodes by MBE. It is observed that orders of magnitude higher short-circuit current is obtained at photon energies below the GaAs bandgap compared with a reference PIN diode without Ge QDs. These results demonstrate the promise of Ge QDs for upconverting solar cells and the realization of device-quality integration of group IV and III-V semiconductors.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures
A history of depression in women is associated with an altered GABAergic neuroactive steroid profile
Creators: name: Rubinow, David R.
name: Johnson, Jacqueline L.
name: Morrow, A. Leslie
name: Girdler, Susan S.
name: Porcu, Patrizia
name: Lindgren, Monica
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: The 3α,5α- and 3α,5β-reduced metabolites of progesterone, deoxycorticosterone, and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) have potent effects on neurotransmission mediated by GABAA receptors, and dysregulation of these receptors has been implicated in depression. Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, we compared neuroactive steroid concentrations in women with a history of depressive disorders, but who were in full remission at the time of testing (n=11) to never depressed women (n=17) both before and after a challenge with oral micronized progesterone (300 mg). Serum concentrations of the following were obtained: four progesterone-derived GABAergic neuroactive steroids, the precursor pregnenolone, androstenedione-derived neuroactive steroids, and the precursor DHEA. As an index of conversion of progesterone to neuroactive steroids, we also examined ratios of neuroactive steroids to progesterone following the oral progesterone challenge. Results indicated that both before and after oral progesterone, women with histories of depression showed lower concentrations of all GABAergic neuroactive steroids than never depressed women. Those with a history of depression also tended to have lower cortisol concentrations. Because serum neuroactive steroids are mainly synthesized in the adrenals, we hypothesize that histories of depression may be associated with persistent adrenal suppression. Following the progesterone challenge, ratios of the progesterone-derived neuroactive steroids to plasma progesterone concentrations were elevated in women with depression histories, suggesting there may be an adaptive shift in the metabolism of progesterone that compensates for lower circulating neuroactive steroid concentrations.
The quark mass gap in strong magnetic fields
Creators: name: Kojo, Toru
name: Su, Nan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quarks in strong magnetic fields (|eB|>>Lambda_QCD^2 ~ 0.04 GeV^2) acquire enhanced infrared phase space proportional to |eB|. Accordingly they provide larger chiral condensates and stronger backreactions to the gluon dynamics. Confronting theories with lattice data at various values of |eB|, one can test theoretical ideas as well as validity of various approximations, domain of applicability of the effective models, and so on. The particularly interesting findings on the lattice are inverse magnetic catalysis and linear growth of the chiral condensate as a function of |eB|, which pose theoretical challenges. In this talk we propose a scenario to explain both phenomena, claiming that the quark mass gap should stay at around ~ Lambda_QCD, instead of ~|eB|^{1/2} which has been supposed from dimensional arguments and/or effective model calculations. The contrast between infrared and ultraviolet behaviors of the interaction is a key ingredient to obtain the mass gap of ~Lambda_QCD.
description: 4 pages, proceedings of the XXIV Quark Matter conference, May 19-24 2014, Darmstadt (Germany)
Topological order and entanglement dynamics in the measurement-only XZZX quantum code
Creators: name: Klocke, Kai
name: Buchhold, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the dynamics of a $(1+1)$-dimensional measurement-only circuit defined by the stabilizers of the [[5,1,3]] quantum error correcting code interrupted by single-qubit Pauli measurements. The code corrects arbitrary single-qubit errors and it stabilizes an area law entangled state with a $D_2 = \mathbb{Z}_2 \times \mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry protected topological (SPT) order, as well as a symmetry breaking (SB) order from a two-fold bulk degeneracy. The Pauli measurements break the topological order and induce a phase transition into a trivial area law phase. Allowing more than one type of Pauli measurement increases the measurement-induced frustration, and the SPT and SB order can be broken either simultaneously or separately at nonzero measurement rate. This yields a rich phase diagram and unanticipated critical behavior at the phase transitions. Although the correlation length exponent $ν=\tfrac43$ and the dynamical critical exponent $z=1$ are consistent with bond percolation, the prefactor of the logarithmic entanglement growth may take non-integer multiples of the percolation value. Remarkably, we identify a robust transient scaling regime for the purification dynamics of $L$ qubits. It reveals a modified dynamical critical exponent $z^*\neq z$, which is observable up to times $t\sim L^{z^*}$ and is reminiscent of the relaxation of critical systems into a prethermal state.
Diversity versus Multiplexing at Finite Blocklength
Creators: name: Östman, Johan
name: Yang, Wei
name: Durisi, Giuseppe
name: Koch, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A finite blocklenth analysis of the diversity-multiplexing tradeoff is presented, based on nonasymptotic bounds on the maximum channel coding rate of multiple-antenna block-memoryless Rayleigh-fading channels.The bounds in this paper allow one to numerically assess for which packet size, number of antennas, and degree of channel selectivity, diversity-exploiting schemes are close to optimal, and when instead the available spatial degrees of freedom should be used to provide spatial multiplexing. This finite blocklength view on the diversity-multiplexing tradeoff provides insights on the design of delay-sensitive ultra-reliable communication links.
description: Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Wirel. Comm. Syst. (ISWCS), Aug. 2014, to appear
Challenges of measuring diurnal cortisol concentrations in a large population-based field study
Creators: name: Whitsel, Eric A.
name: Wagner, Brandon
name: Halpern, Carolyn Tucker
name: Harris, Kathleen Mullan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Longitudinal examinations of associations between daily stress, diurnal cortisol concentrations, and physiological parameters in population-based studies are needed. This study evaluates issues related to consent, collection, and protocol adherence for a low-burden saliva collection protocol.
Cumulative effects of early poverty on cortisol in young children: Moderation by autonomic nervous system activity
Creators: name: Mills-Koonce, Roger
name: Granger, Douglas
name: Blair, Clancy
name: Berry, Daniel
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: The relation of the cumulative experience of poverty in infancy and early childhood to child cortisol at age 48 months was examined in a prospective longitudinal sample of children and families (N=1,292) in predominantly low-income and rural communities in two distinct regions of the United States. Families were seen in the home for data collection and cumulative experience of poverty was indexed by parent reported income-to-need ratio and household chaos measures collected between child ages 2mos and 48mos. For the analysis presented here, three saliva samples were also collected over an approximate 90 minute interval at child age 48mos and were assayed for cortisol. ECG data were also collected during a resting period and during the administration of a mildly challenging battery of cognitive tasks. Mixed model analysis indicated that child cortisol at 48 months decreased significantly over the sampling time period and that cumulative time in poverty (number of years income-to-need less than or equal to 1) and cumulative household chaos were significantly related to a flatter trajectory for cortisol change and to an overall higher level of cortisol, respectively. Findings also indicated that respiratory sinus arrhythmia derived from the ECG data moderated the association between household chaos and child cortisol and that increase in respiratory sinus arrhythmia during the cognitive task was associated with an overall lower level of cortisol at 48 months.