cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Characterization and modification of flow applied to endothelium cultured in swirled wells
Creators: name: Arshad, Mehwish
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2020

description: The non-uniform distribution of atherosclerosis within the arterial tree has been attributed to variation in wall shear stress (WSS). However, the metric leading to disease initiation is disputed. The problem has been extensively investigated using the swirling well method, which exposes cultured endothelial cells (EC) to spatially varying shear conditions. However, the CFD used to characterize the flow has rarely been validated experimentally, and it is hard to distinguish effects on EC of WSS magnitude from effects of flow directionality. This study aims to improve, validate and adapt the existing CFD model of a swirling 12-well plate on an orbital shaker. The results were used to test the currently accepted theory that cells align with the mean WSS direction. If was found that fluctuations in rotational speed can be ignored if they remain below ±19 RPM but surface tension/wetting effects need to be incorporated in the CFD model as they have a significant effect on wave breaking and velocity magnitude: the agreement of experimental particle imaging velocimetry (PIV) and height with CFD was improved when surface tension effects were incorporated into the CFD model. Modifications were made by increasing culture medium viscosity and, volume, and by geometrical changes to the 12-well. Adding a central cylinder produced uniaxial flow whereas suspending a cylinder above the base produced multidirectional flow. Increasing the volume produced low but relatively constant magnitudes whereas viscosity changes influenced only the magnitude of WSS and not directionality. Tilting the well removed radial symmetry of the flow. EC were subjected to control or modified flows and nuclear morphology was assessed by confocal microscopy. Contrary to the conventional view, EC did not always align with the mean WSS vector; nuclei aligned with the modal WSS vector when the time average WSS was 0.3-0.5 Pa, but aligned so as to minimise the transverse WSS when the time average WSS was 0.6 Pa.
Features of a Phase-only Shaper Relative to a Long Rectangular Ultraviolet Pulse
Creators: name: Cialdi, Simone
name: Boscolo, Ilario
name: Flacco, Alessandro
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 2003

description: The generation of a very low-emittance high peak charge electron beam in a 3-GHz radiofrequency electron gun requires a rectangular shaped electron beam of 10 ps with a rise time less than 1 ps at the cathode surface. This is obtained illuminating a photocathode with a powerful ultraviolet laser pulse of that form. A programmable pulse shaper is added into the chain of the components of a femtosecond solid-state laser system for producing such a kind of pulse. The shaping system operates as a spectral phase-only filter. A genetic algorithm, in conjunction with a proper cost-function, is used to determine the phase function to be set in the shaper for generating the square pulse matching the specifications.  The simulations show that the system is very sensitive to the signal parameters and alignment.  The simulations show that the output signals at the fundamental and third harmonic have differences relevant for the setting of the system.
title: Financial Problems as Predictors of Divorce: A Social Exchange Perspective
Creators: name: Anderson, Jan D.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2000

description: By using a conceptual framework derived from social exchange theory, this study examined the relationship between financial problems and divorce. Nationally representative data from the "Marital Instability Over the Life Course" panel study was used to determine if financial problems reported at one interview could predict those who would divorce by the subsequent interview. A self-replicating design allowed data analyses for three separate time periods: 1980-1983 , 1983- 1988, and 1988-1992.
The sample used in this study consisted of l ,620 married men and women under the age of 55. Additionally, the participants were in their first marriages.
Divorce was the only dependent variable. The independent variables included eight financial problems: (a) husband's job interferes with family life, (b) husband 's job satisfaction, (c) wife's job satisfaction, (d) wife's work preference, (e) satisfaction with spouse as breadwinner, (f) satisfaction with financial situation, (g) spending money foolishly/unwisely, and (h) financial situation getting better or worse. Additionally, total number of financial problems, age at marriage, gender, income, and presence of children under age 6 were used as independent variables in the analyses. Bivariate correlation and discriminant analysis procedures were used to analyze the data.
The results indicated statistically significant relationships between financial problems and divorce for all independent variables except wife's job satisfaction, gender, and income. However, none of the independent variables (singularly or in combination) explained more than 5% of the variance in divorce;·financial problems were inadequate predictors of divorce.
Although the results of this investigation did not provide substantive support for the popular belief that money problems are a major cause of divorce, this research filled a gap in the divorce literature, posited a clearer definition of financial problems, and provided a more complete conceptual model of the relationships between marital problems and divorce. Finally, the unanswered questions raised by this study indicate the need for continued investigation of the impact that financial issues have on marital relationships.
Commissioning of the DAFNE Beam Test Facility
Creators: name: G. Mazzitelli
name: P. Valente
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 2003

description: The DAFNE Beam Test Facility (BTF) is a beam transfer line optimized for the production of a defined number of electrons or positrons, in a wide range of multiplicities and down to single-electron mode, in the energy range between 50 and 800 MeV. The typical pulse duration is 10 ns and the maximum repetition rate is 50 Hz.The facility is aimed mainly for detector calibration purposes. The BTF has been successfully commissioned in February 2002, and started operation in November of the same year. The schemes of operation, the commissioning results, as well as the first users' experience are here reported.
title: Mensch und Text in der Sprachfremde: overt und covert
Creators: name: Koller, Werner
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt
Year: 2023

description: „Das Leben mit mehreren Sprachen“ (so lautet der Untertitel des Symposiums): Eigentlich ist das in einem nicht-metaphorischen Sinn nur auf Menschen, nicht auf Texte anwendbar; ich möchte aber zeigen - vielleicht etwas gewagt und ziemlich essayistisch -, dass es Parallelen gibt zwischen dem Verhalten von Menschen und Texten (Übersetzungen) in der Sprachfremde. Parallelen, die ich festzumachen versuche am overt-covert-Konzept von Juliane House. Zuerst zu den Menschen, genauer: einem Menschen, nämlich mir selbst: Ich lebe in Norwegen mit mehreren Sprachen: Norwegisch natürlich, aber auch deutsch, schweizerdeutsch, manchmal englisch, eher selten französisch; und sieht der Kellner in der Pizzeria südländisch aus, lasse ich es mir nicht nehmen, auf italienisch zu bestellen (was manchmal nicht ohne Peinlichkeit ist). Damit sei angedeutet, dass „mit zwei oder mehreren Sprachen leben“ sehr weit verstanden werden kann. Selbst wer Englisch nicht oder nur rudimentär beherrscht, lebt mit dem Englischen: in der Werbung, in den Angloamerikanismen der Alltagssprache, im englisch-amerikanisch geprägten Deutsch von originalen oder übersetzten Texten. Enger gefasst werden könnte „mit mehreren Sprachen leben“, wenn man nur die Sprachen gelten lässt, die in Alltags- und Berufsleben eine substantielle lebenspraktische Rolle spielen: in meinem Fall also das Norwegische und das Deutsche (in seiner schweizerdeutsch-dialektalen und seiner standardsprachlichen Form). Wenn wir die Substanz dieser Mehrsprachigkeit, dieses „mit mehreren Sprachen leben“, existentiell - kritisch könnte man sogleich anmerken: sprachmetaphysisch aufgeladen oder gar überladen - interpretieren, so wäre das mit zu ersetzen durch ein in. Im Blick auf meinen eigenen Fall (und vor dem Hintergrund meiner Spracherfahrungen) bin ich davon überzeugt, dass ich zwar mit einer ganzen Reihe von Sprachen, aber in einem existentiellen Sinn nur im Deutschen und Norwegischen lebe. Das „in“ impliziert, dass man nicht nur in einem bestimmten Land, in einer Landschaft, in einem Stadtteil, in einer bestimmten sozialen Situation, in seinem Körper usw. lebt, sondern eben auch: in einer Sprache - im Fall der gelebten Bilingualität: in zwei Sprachen. Und wie man fragen kann: Wie lebt es sich in Ihrem Hamburger Stadtteil? - so müsste man auch fragen können: Wie lebt es sich in Ihrer Sprache? In Ihrem Englisch? In Ihrem Deutsch? „Wie geht es Ihnen sprachlich?“ wäre dann eine ebenso legitime Frage wie „Wie geht es Ihnen gesundheitlich?“ - und dies umso mehr, als ein Zusammenhang bestehen dürfte zwischen der psychischen und vielleicht auch physischen Gesundheit und der „sprachlichen Gesundheit“.
title: Influence of Social Class on Children's Perception of Their Social Environment
Creators: name: Zehnpfenning, Brenda Maw
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1970

description: The purpose of this study was to examine children's perceptions of social situations as these are related to the social environment in which the child lives, and to investigate the influence of social class upon their perceptions.
An oral picture test, consisting of seven pictures, was administered to 60 fourth grade children in two Ogden, Utah, public schools.
The findings of this study are that there are differences between middle and lower class children, but not between boys and girls, in their perceptions of their social environment. Middle class children were shown to be more positive in their social environment. Middle class children were shown to be more positive in their general outlook towards life, and lower class children are found to have tendencies toward a more negative perception of life.
The conclusions are that social class does influence children's perceptions of their social environment, and the most favorable life circumstances for the lower class child seem to be those which are encountered in relationship with siblings. Also, there is need for concern about the image of the peace officer in the minds of children in both social classes, and about the lower class child's perception of the teacher in the classroom.
title: In Praise of Misunderstanding. Or: on Obeying the House-Rules
Creators: name: Edmondson, Willis
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt
Year: 2023

description: When I attained the age of sixty - not too long ago - A colleague whom some readers doubtless know Used the occasion to argue against me. Moreover, he sought To make his point in rhyme. Who would have thought It! But the deed’s been done, his tale is told, Establishing academic discourse in literary mode.¹
On confining potentials and essential self-adjointness for Schrödinger operators on bounded domains in R^n
Creators: name: Nenciu, Gh.
name: Nenciu, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $Ω$ be a bounded domain in $R^n$ with $C^2$-smooth boundary of co-dimension 1, and let $H=-Δ+V(x)$ be a Schrödinger operator on $Ω$ with potential V locally bounded. We seek the weakest conditions we can find on the rate of growth of the potential V close to the boundary which guarantee essential self-adjointness of H on $C_0^\infty(Ω)$. As a special case of an abstract condition, we add optimal logarithmic type corrections to the known condition $V(x)\geq \frac{3}{4d(x)^2}$, where $d(x)=dist(x,\partialΩ)$. The constant 1 in front of each logarithmic term in Theorem 2 is optimal. The proof is based on a refined Agmon exponential estimate combined with a well known multidimensional Hardy inequality.
ULTRA -Uv Light Transmission and Reflection in the Atmosphere Technical Report. A supporting experiment for the EUSO project
Creators: name: Catalano, Osvaldo
name: Vallania, Piero
name: Lebrun, Didier
name: Stassi, Patrick
name: Pimenta, Mario
name: Santo, Catarina Espirito
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 2003

description: The ULTRA experiment has been designed in the framework of the EUSO project to provide quantitative measurements of the reflected/diffused signal produced by the EAS impacting on the Earth surface. The detector is a hybrid system consisting of an UV optical detection unit, the UVscope, and an array of scintillators, the ETscope (EAS Telescope). The UVscope is used to detect Cherenkov diffused UV light from EAS which are detected in coincidence by the ETscope array. The atmospheric transmission properties will also be studied using the UV light detector and a laser emitter. Moreover, measurements of light from meteors are feasible with the same instrumentation.In this paper the various physical items involved in this research are introduced and discussed, and a detailed project of the experimental setup together with preliminary estimations of the expected performances are presented.
title: Racial Awareness of Children in a Predominately White Area Compared to an Interracial Area
Creators: name: Withrich, Janis S.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1970

description: The effects of region and sex in relation to racial awareness were studied by comparing an interracial area to a predominately white area. The test ing of the hypotheses was carried out with two groups of preschool children comprised of 20 children from Utah State University in Logan , Utah, and 20 children from Children's World in Ogden, Utah.
The instrument used was one developed by J. Kenneth Morland, the Chairman of the Department of Sociology and Anthropology at Randolph- Macon Women's College in Lynchburg, Virginia. The instrument con isted of s ix 8-by-10 black and white pictures about which questions were asked.
In regard to region there was no significant difference in the two groups studied which would indicate that attitudes aren't necessarily formed by direct contact with Negroes, but rather with contact with the prevelent attitude toward Negroes.
There was significant difference in sex with girls being more aware than boys. Three factors play a part in this difference . First a difference in maturation. Girls generally mature faster than boys and thus their increased aware ness. Secondly , the idea that personal appearance is more s tressed for girl than it is fof boys. Thirdly, simply an indifference among the boys to really think about and answer the questions.
An interesting finding was the children's lack of clarity in regard to the term "colored. " It is not a term that is know by children in Utah as reflected in this sample.
Preliminary Design of TOTEM T1 Telescopes Mechanical Support Structures
Creators: name: M. Bozzo
name: S. Cuneo
name: K. Eggert
name: M. Macrí
name: M. Oriunno
name: R. Puppo
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 2003

description: The present design of the TOTEM T1 telescopes mechanical support structure is described in detail in view of the Technical Design Report. Constraints, structural considerations, layout and operating sequences are described below, and will be used as a baseline for the final design.
Accelerating universe from warped extra dimensions
Creators: name: Neupane, Ishwaree P
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accelerating universe or the existence of a small and positive cosmological constant is probably the most pressing obstacle as well as opportunity to significantly improving the models of four-dimensional cosmology from fundamental theories of gravity, including string theory. In seeking to resolve this problem, one naturally wonders if the real world can somehow be interpreted as an inflating de Sitter brane embedded in a higher-dimensional spacetime described by warped geometry. In this scenario, the four-dimensional cosmological constant may be uniquely determined in terms of two length scales: one is a scale associated with the size of extra dimensions and the other is a scale associated with the expansion rate of our universe. In some specific cases, these two scales are complementary to each other. This result is demonstrated here by presenting some explicit and completely non-singular de Sitter space dS$_4$ solutions of vacuum Einstein equations in five and ten dimensions.
description: 7 pages; extended (from journal) version, minor typos fixed, refs added
title: Vorwort
Creators: name: Redaktion, ZIF
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt
Year: 2023

description: Trotz der hier unterbreiteten Vorschläge zur Verbesserung kommunikativ-interkultureller Kompetenz im Fremdsprachenunterricht soll nicht vergessen werden, daß es im Unterricht nie ganz gelingen wird, die Komplexität und das Chaos des „wirklichen Lebens“ mit all seinen Verständnisfallen, Schwierigkeiten und Konflikten zu imitieren und die Lerner „realistisch“ vorzubereiten. Dies soll jedoch kein Anlaß zur resignierten Aufgabe solcher Bemühungen sein. Im Gegenteil, es soll vielmehr Anlaß zur Erinnerung daran sein, daß es ja kaum das Ziel von Unterricht sein kann, dem Alltagsleben und der Alltagskultur Konkurrenz zu machen. Besser ist es - und dies habe ich zu zeigen versucht - auf der Grundlage empirischer Forschungen und sich daraus ergebender Hypothesen bewußt, geplant und gesteuert vielfältige Möglichkeiten zum Erwerb kommunikativer-interkultureller Kompetenz bereitzustellen. Wenn es darüber hinaus gelingt, im Fremdsprachenunterricht „forschendes Lernen“ (in der Art, wie ich es hier angedeutet habe) zu ermöglichen, dann ist eine der besten Voraussetzungen für das heute mehr denn je notwendige lebenslange eigene Weiterlernen geschaffen. (Juliane House 1998)
Chemical regeneration of granular activated carbon: Development and evaluation of an optimal regenerant solution
Creators: name: Larasati, Amanda
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2020

description: The regeneration of the saturated GAC then needs to be carried out to lengthen the GAC bed life. The presence of weakly adsorbable pesticides, such as metaldehyde, in raw water continues to challenge granular activated carbon (GAC) performance, by causing an early GAC filter beds exhaustion. The accelerated exhaustion leads to the need for frequent off-site thermal regeneration, which is the most common practiced carbon regeneration technique, representing a significant operational cost and environmental (energy/CO2) burden to water utilities. An alternative approach is to conduct in situ GAC regeneration by alternative chemical means. In this research, a systematic investigation of chemical regeneration in batch and column tests was conducted in order to find and evaluate the most suitable regenerant solution for GAC exhausted by particular target contaminants, namely phenol, nitrobenzene, isoproturon, clopyralid and metaldehyde. Based on the findings of this research, it is concluded that the sodium hydroxide and ethanol mixture (NaOH/CH3CH2OH) was effective as a regenerant solution with desorption efficiencies in a range of 31.8 – 89.0%, depending the target contaminants. The sequence adsorption and chemical regeneration cycles in column tests showed that the chemical regeneration may be more beneficial to be applied for carbon exhausted by poorly adsorbed pesticide, such as metaldehyde, compared to thermal regeneration. The RSSCTs study also suggested that the regenerant solution can be re-used up to four times, but with a decreasing performance. The results of the carbon characterization tests showed that the NaOH/CH3CH2OH regenerant did not cause any significant changes in the term of carbon physico-chemical properties, indicating the benign nature of the regenerant. Overall, the findings of this research contribute to future development of chemical regeneration application in water treatment, and at the same time helping water utilities in considering new and improved methods to the current GAC filter bed practice.
title: Effects of a Systematic-Motor Reinforcement Experience on Alphabet Letter Discrimination Tasks by Preschool Children
Creators: name: Wilson, Jean
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1970

description: The purpose of this study was to determine if an experimental group of children would make significant improvements in their ability to discriminate and order alphabet letters after a systematic reinforcement program of sensorimotor experiences with letters.
The study involved tactual manipulation in learning the discrimination of, the order of, and the position of the alphabet letters in the child's own name.
The hypotheses were made:
l. There will be a significant difference between the experimental population and the control population with respect to the ability to order and place in sequence the letters in each child's name , after the completion of a systematic program of sensori-motor experience.
2. There will be a significant difference between the experimen tal population and the control population with respect to visual-perceptual discrimination, or positioning, after the completion of a systematic program of sensori-experience.
Twenty four children , 12 in an experimental group , 12 in a control group, six boys and six girls , between the ages of three years and six months and four years and six months were selected at random from the Utah State University Laboratories. Preceeding the actual collection of data a pilot study was conducted on a similar group of 12 children using the proposed pretest.
During the free-play in the Laboratory , each child was asked to go with the author to play a game. The first time with the author , and prior to the pretest , the child was given a brightly colored stacking cone to manipulate for the purpose of establishing rapport and self-confidence within the child. Each child in the experimental and control groups was given a pretest to test the ability to discriminate and order letters from in !heir own first name . The experimental group received a systematic sensori-motor experience twice a week dealing with letter discrimination. The control group received no experience in letter manipulation after the pretest. Each child set his own pace and was given the post-test only when he stated he was ready. At the time the majority of the experimental group was receiving their post-test the control group received theirs.
The findings support both hypotheses with the difference of the experimental group and the control group showing significance at the . 05 level for hypothesis one and between . 05-. 01 level for hypothesis two.
title: Role Adaptation of Foster Mothers to Indian Placement Students
Creators: name: Valberg, John Emmett
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1973

description: The three main objectives in this study were: (1) to describe the foster mother's expressed reasons for taking a placement student, (2) to describe the problems and stresses associated with being an Indian placement foster mother, and (3) to describe the satisfactions and benefits of being a foster mother on the Indian Placement Program.
The sample for this study consisted of 44 foster mothers in Cache and Box Elder Counties who had had the same placement student for three or more consecutive years. The instrument utilized was a semi-structured interview with the foster mother.
Expressed reasons
The majority of mothers expressed religious or Church-oriented reasons for becoming a foster mother to an Indian Placement Student. The responses in this category varied considerably and in many instances
a foster mother's reasons for taking a student were multiple. In addition to the foster mothers initial reasons for taking a student, the mother's initial depth of desire to take a placement student seems to be an important factor in her willingness to work through the more difficult periods of adjustment.
Problems and stresses
A pronounced 68 percent of the foster mothers indicated their first year of placement experience to be the most frustrating.
The four most mentioned areas of difficulty in working with a student were "school work," "communication," "sulkiness," "and sense of appreciation" respectively. The findings showed that significant progress was made in minimizing the seriousness of "school work, "communication," and "personal hygeine."
Fifty percent of the foster mothers in this study said they had seriously considered termination at one time or another . A majority of foster mothers mentioned a particular caseworker as the person most helpful during their times of stress. Not counting the five foster mothers whose students were graduating and therefore would not be returning, only two mothers were actually planning to terminate placement participation. However, the findings suggest that a sizable number of foster mothers would not be willing to take another student if for some reason their present student did not return.
Satisfactions and benefits
The satisfactions of being a foster mother centered on the enjoyment of seeing the student grow and develop. The students 1 personality and emotional development were the areas most frequently mentioned. Conversely, the benefits of being a foster mother were of a spiritual nature and centered on the personal growth of the foster family in associating and working with the placement student. The results suggest that a great majority of foster mothers have come to a positive assessment of their placement experience.
title: Concept Development Among Kindergarten Children
Creators: name: Boswell, Craig
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1973

description: This thesis examined the basic developmental concepts , space, quantity, time, miscellaneous, as they related to family size, sex, and rural-urban environment among kindergarten children. The Boehm Test of Basic Concepts was individually administered to 53 students from two kindergarten classes--one from Ogden City School District and one from Cache County School District. The findings indicated that family size, sex of the child, or urban-rural environment produced no significant differences in concept development among kindergarten children.
title: Rezension: Fix, Ulla; Habscheid, Stephan & Klein, Josef (Hrsg.) 2001, Zur Kulturspezifik von Textsorten
Creators: name: Traoré, Salifou
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt
Year: 2023

description: Der vorliegende Band versammelt die Vorträge der Sektionen ‚Textlinguistik und Stilistik’ auf den Jahrestagungen der Gesellschaft für angewandte Linguistik in Dresden 1998 und Frankfurt am Main 1999. Beide Tagungen befassten sich mit dem thematischen Schwerpunkt einer Kulturspezifik von Textsorten. Dieser Forschungsansatz zu Texten und Textsorten erweist sich als innovativ für ein sprachwissenschaftliches Forschungsgebiet, dessen Erkenntnisinteresse bisher fast ausschließlich sprachsysteminternen Phänomenen galt. So beschränken sich de Beaugrande/Dressler (1981) bei ihrer Bestimmung der Textualität auf sieben Kriterien (Kohäsion, Kohärenz, Intentionalität, Akzeptabilität, Informativität, Situationalität und Intertextualität), die den kulturellen Aspekt der Textkonstitution nicht berücksichtigen. Diese sieben Kriterien „müßten dann um das Kriterium der kulturellen Geprägtheit, das wir Kulturalität nennen wollen, erweitert werden“ (7).
A Software Toolkit For Statistical Data Analysis
Creators: name: S. Donadio
name: S. Guatelli
name: B. Mascialino
name: A. Pfeiffer
name: M.G. Pia
name: A. Ribon
name: P. Viarengo
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 2004

description: We present a project in progress to develop a software toolkit for statistical data analysis. The toolkit is based on advanced software technologies, integrating generic programming techniques with object oriented methods, and adopts a rigorous software process, to ensure a high quality of the product. Thanks to the component-based architecture and the usage of the standard AIDA interfaces, this tool can be easily used by other data analysis systems or integrated in experimental frameworks. The initial component of the system addresses goodness of fittests; its applications include the comparisons of data distributions in a variety of use cases typical of HEP experiments: regression testing (invarious phases of the software life-cycle), validation of simulation through comparison to experimental data, comparison  of expected versus reconstructed distributions, comparison of different experimental distributions - or of experimental with respect to theoretical ones -in physics analysis, monitoring detector behavior with respect to a reference in online DAQ. The system will provide the user the option to choose among a wide set of goodness-of-fit tests (chi-squared, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Anderson-Darling, Lilliefors, Kuiper, Cramer-vonMises, etc.), specialised for various types of binned and unbinned distributions. Its flexible design makes it open to further extension to implement other tests. This system would represent a significant improvement with respect to the current availability of comparison tests in HEP libraries, limited to the chi-squared and Kolmogorov-Smirnov algorithms. We present the architecture of the toolkit, the detailed design of the basic statistical testing component and preliminary results of its application, in particular concerning the physics validation of the Geant4 Simulation Toolkit.We discuss the openness of the project, welcoming contributions from experts and userrequirements from experiments.
Electron spin resonance study of some triplet state molecules
Creators: name: Gardner, Christopher Leonard
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Hydrazoic acid has been photolysed in a krypton matrix at 4°K and the products studied by electron spin resonance spectrometry. This study showed that NH₂ radicals have been produced as a secondary product in the reaction. In addition a broad, intense resonance at g = 2 and a weak, half field resonance has been tentatively assigned to the imine (NH) radical. This suggestion is shown to be consistent with theoretical considerations. Diazomethane has also been photolysed in krypton and carbon monoxide matrices at 4°K, and the products studied by e.s.r., in an attempt to detect the methylene (CH₂) radical. The results of this study were complicated and a complete analysis was not possible. It is suggested that some of the features may be explained in terms of an overlap of the spectre from CH₃ and CH radicals. There are difficulties in such an explanation however. A study has been made on the line shapes of poly-crystalline samples of aromatic triplet state molecules. It is shown how the experimentally observed spectra of the photoexcited triplet states of axially symmetric molecules such as triphenylene and non-axially symmetric molecules such as naphthalene and phenanthrene can be explained in terms of a line shape calculated from a first order perturbation treatment. This model gives a good explanation of the observed line shapes, however better agreement with the observed field positions is obtained if a second order correction is included. Line shape calculations have also been made for molecules, such as the substituted imines, where spin-spin interaction is large. It is shown that the calculation is in agreement with the observed spectra of phenylimine and benzenesulfonylimine. In addition, it is shown how the experimentally determined value of the spin-spin interaction constant, D, can be related to the spin density on the nitrogen of the substituted imines. The spin densities calculated in this way are in good agreement with spin densities calculated on the basis of the Hückel theory.
Cross-correlating WMAP5 with 1.5 million LRGs: a new test for the ISW effect
Creators: name: Sawangwit, U.
name: Shanks, T.
name: Cannon, R. D.
name: Croom, S. M.
name: Ross, Nicholas P.
name: Wake, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the cross-correlation of the density map of LRGs and the temperature fluctuation in the CMB as measured by the WMAP5 observations. The LRG samples were extracted from imaging data of the SDSS based on two previous spectroscopic redshift surveys, the SDSS-LRG and the 2SLAQ surveys at average redshifts z~0.35 and z~0.55. In addition we have added a higher-redshift photometric LRG sample based on the selection of the AAOmega LRG redshift survey at z~0.7. The total LRG sample thus comprises 1.5 million galaxies, sampling a redshift range of 0.2 < z < 0.9 over ~7600 square degrees of the sky, probing a total cosmic volume of ~5.5 h^{-3} Gpc^3. We find that the new LRG sample at z~0.7 shows very little positive evidence for the ISW effect. Indeed, the cross-correlation is negative out to ~1 deg. The standard LCDM model is rejected at ~2-3% significance by the new LRG data. We then performed a new test on the robustness of the LRG ISW detections at z~0.35 and 0.55. We made 8 rotations through 360deg of the CMB maps with respect to the LRG samples around the galactic pole. We find that in both cases there are stronger effects at angles other than zero. This implies that the z~0.35 and 0.55 ISW detections may still be subject to systematic errors which combined with the known sizeable statistical errors may leave these ISW detections looking unreliable. We have further made the rotation test on several other samples where ISW detections have been claimed and find that they also show peaks when rotated. We conclude that in the samples we have tested the ISW effect may be absent and we argue that this result may not be in contradiction with previous results.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS (19 pages, 14 figures, 2 tables)
title: Rezension: Bredella, Lothar (2002), Literarisches und interkulturelles Verstehen
Creators: name: Badstübner-Kizik, Camilla
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt
Year: 2023

description: Der vorliegende Band, der derzeit wohl neueste in der sehr verdienten Reihe der Giessener Beiträge zur Fremdsprachendidaktik, umfasst 20 Aufsätze. 17 von ihnen hat der Autor zwischen 1989 und 2001 an anderer Stelle in Sammelbänden oder Fachzeitschriften veröffentlicht und für den vorliegenden Band überarbeitet und gekürzt. Für besonders wichtig halte ich den Umstand, dass acht englischsprachige Beiträge aus Sammelbänden und Festschriften anglistischer Fachkreise sowie zwei Beiträge aus Fachzeitschriften für den Englisch-Unterricht erneut in einem Band abgedruckt worden sind, der sich - sozusagen sprachübergreifend - an die gesamte Fremdsprachendidaktik wendet.
PolyCAD: A New X-Ray Tracing Code for Cylindrical Polycapillary Optic
Creators: name: D. Hampai
name: S.B. Dabagov
name: G. Cappuccio
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 2004

description: A new CAD program  designed for X-ray photon tracing in polycapillary optics is described. As starting approach the simplest case of cylindrical polycapillary optics is presented. The PolyCAD allows any type of X-ray source such as an X-ray tube of finite beam dimensions as well as an astrophysical object in combination with polycapillary optical samples to be simulated. Using geometrical optics approximation the program was drawn up by a code for two different sources: a point-source and an X-ray tube. The radiation distributions formed by the cylindrical lens on a screen located at various distances are  discussed. The agreement with the results earlier published  validates the PolyCAD results.
The determination and refinement of the molecular structures of some organic compounds by single crystal x-ray diffraction
Creators: name: Camerman, Arthur
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The crystal and molecular structure of perylene has been refined from new three-dimensional data, confirming the gross features of the structure previously determined from two projections. The positional and thermal parameters of the carbon atoms have been refined by least-squares and differential syntheses and the hydrogen atoms have been approximately located. There are small but significant deviations from a completely planar arrangement; seemingly a result of slight intermolecular steric effects. A comparison of the measured bond lengths with those predicted by the valence-bond and molecular-orbital theory shows fairly close agreement with both sets of figures; the peri-bond lengths are 1.471-0.005 Å. In a similar vein the molecular structure of pyrene was refined by least-squares and differential synthesis treatment of new three-dimensional data. The thermal motion of the atoms was found to be anisotropic and was interpreted in terms of rigid body vibrations. Small corrections were made to the bond lengths to correct errors due to rotational oscillations. The general variation of the mean bond distances is in agreement with trends predicted by valence-bond and molecular-orbital calculations, but the individual agreements are not very good. The molecule is slightly non-planar, probably as a result of crystal packing forces. Hydroformylation of tri-O-acetyl-D-glucal yields two isomeric products and, to establish the configurations, X-ray analysis of the p-bromobenzenesulphonyl derivative of one of these has been carried out. The bromine and sulphur positions were determined from the three-dimensional Patterson function and the other atoms were located from successive three-dimensional Fourier summations. Refinement was carried out by least-squares methods. The derivative studied is 1-0-(p-bromobenzenesulphonyl)-4,5,7-tri-0-acetyl-2, 6-anhydro-3-deoxy-b-glucoheptitol, and this establishes the configurations of the triacetyl derivatives and parent polyols. The sugar ring is in the chair position with all substituents equatorial. 10-Chloro-5,10-dihydrophenarsazine crystallizes from xylene with half a molecule of xylene of crystallization in a monoclinic space group. This material rapidly loses the solvent of crystallization, the solvent-free crystals being orthorhombic. The complete structure of the orthorhombic crystals has been determined using Patterson methods to determine the arsenic and chlorine positions and a three-dimensional electron-density distribution map to locate the other atoms. All the positional and anisotropic thermal parameters were refined by least-squares. The molecule is slightly folded about the As-N axis, the angle between the two o-phenylene groups being 169°, and the chlorine atom being outside this angle. The deviation from planarity is thus not very large and it is unlikely that geometrical isomers could be isolated.
title: „Mein Bauch ist italienisch ...“ Kinder sprechen über Sprachen
Creators: name: Krumm, Hans-Jürgen
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt
Year: 2023

description: Sprache spielt für die Herausbildung der menschlichen Identität eine zentrale Rolle: durch unsere Erstsprache wird es uns möglich, uns als Ich zu begreifen und zu artikulieren. Deshalb gibt es Menschen, die Hemmungen haben, eine andere Sprache zu lernen und zu sprechen, weil dies für sie eine Gefährdung ihrer mit Sprache verknüpften Identität darstellt. Als „Konfliktzweisprachigkeit“ bezeichnen wir die Situationen, in denen Menschen gezwungen werden, eine andere Sprache zu übernehmen, zugleich aber ihre Erstsprache nicht aufgeben wollen. Ein Sprachwechsel gelingt um so besser, je weniger er als Bedrohung für die Erstsprache angesehen wird, je bewusster erkannt wird, dass verschiedene Sprachen uns verschiedene Seiten der Welt, aber auch verschiedene Möglichkeiten unseres persönlichen Welterlebens eröffnen.
title: L1, L2, L3, L4, Lx - alle gleich? Linguistische, lernerinterne und lernerexterne Faktoren in Modellen zum multiplen Spracherwerb
Creators: name: Hufeisen, Britta
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt
Year: 2023

description: In den vergangenen fünf Jahren ist eine Diskussion zu der Frage in Gang gesetzt worden, ob die bisherigen Modelle zum Zweitspracherwerb und/oder Fremdsprachenlernen ausreichen, um auch den Erwerb/das Lernen einer L3, L4 oder L5 abzubilden. Während man insbesondere im Bereich der Psycholinguistik annimmt, dass auf Bilingualismus oder Zweitspracherwerb bezogene Modelle einfach um einige Elemente erweitert werden können (vgl. z.B. de Bot 2001 oder Dijkstra 2001), mehren sich die Stimmen derer, die zahlreiche Faktoren und Argumente auflisten können, die den Erwerb/das Lernen von L3, L4, L5, Lx (x ³ 2 ) deutlich von dem L2-Erwerb/L2-Lernen unterscheiden: Genannt werden u.a. beispielsweise zahlreichere Transferbasen, die durch das Vorhandensein von mehr als einer Sprache entstehen, eine nachweislich höhere Bewusstheit in Bezug auf die Sprache(n) selbst als auch auf die eigene Mehrsprachigkeit und auf das eigene Lernen inklusive der eigenen Lernstrategien (vgl. u.a. Thomas 1988 und 1992; jüngst Neuner, im Druck). Missler (1999) geht sogar so weit zu sagen, dass die Anzahl der gelernten Sprachen und die Verwendung von Lernstrategien bzw. der Grad der Bewusstheit darüber miteinander korrelieren. In vergleichenden Untersuchungen wurde festgestellt, dass Lernende, die bereits eine Fremdsprache oder Fremdsprachen gelernt hatten, beim Lernen einer weiteren Sprache als L3 oder Lx (x ³ 3 ) höhere und schnellere Leistungen erzielten als Lernende, für die die betreffende Fremdsprache erst die L2 war (vgl. z.B. Mägiste 1984; Thomas 1985).
Electroweak Corrections Uncertainty on the W Mass Measurement at Lep
Creators: name: Cossutti, Fabio
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 2005

description: The systematic uncertainty on the W mass and width measurement resulting from the imperfect knowledge of electroweak radiative corrections is discussed. The intrinsic uncertainty in the 4-f generator used by the DELPHI Collaboration is studied following the guidelines of the authors of YFSWW, on which its radiative corrections part is based. The full DELPHI simulation, reconstruction and analysis chain is used for the uncertainty assessment. A comparison with the other available 4-f calculation implementing DPA O(alpha) corrections, RacoonWW, is also presented. The uncertainty on the W mass is found to be below 10 MeV for all the WW decay channels used in the measurement.
title: „Englisch war für mich nur ein Teil meines Stundenplans“ - Motivation zum Englischlernen in Zeiten der Globalisierung
Creators: name: Riemer, Claudia
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt
Year: 2023

description: Die letzten Jahre sind sprachenpolitisch gekennzeichnet zum einen durch Forderungen nach Mehrsprachigkeit in Europa, die u.a. durch das Erlernen von mindestens zwei Fremdsprachen aller Europäer, die Einführung von fremdsprachlichem Sachfachunterricht und Frühbeginn an den Schulen eingelöst werden sollen, und zum anderen durch eine nicht aufzuhaltende und weiter wachsende weltweite Bedeutung des Englischen als wichtigste Lingua franca. Diese sprachenpolitischen Entwicklungen finden entsprechendes soziolinguistisches Interesse und auch Widerhall in der Fremdsprachenforschung, die damit verbundene Fragestellungen empirisch und theoretisch bearbeitet. Das Englische als „globale“ (Crystal 1997), als „internationale“ Sprache steht im Zentrum einer Debatte, die sich neben der Untersuchung der Besonderheiten der Lingua-franca-Kommunikation auch mit den fremdsprachendidaktischen Konsequenzen dieser Entwicklung beschäftigt (vgl. exemplarisch Gnutzmann 2001 und die Beiträge in Gnutzmann 1999; Knapp & Meierkord 2002). Hierbei liefern die Arbeiten der Jubilarin Juliane House Richtungweisendes; nachgewiesen werden für diesen Kommunikationstyp Besonderheiten, die u.a. mit den Stichwörtern „myth of mutual intelligibility“, „non-smoothness“ und „let it pass“ zusammengefasst werden (vgl. House 1999, 2002).
title: The Translation Paradox
Creators: name: Chafe, Wallace
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt
Year: 2023

description: The study of translation can shed crucial light on the extent to which thoughts that are first organized in one language can be successfully transferred through another, and thus on the nature and extent of language differences. Language requires that thoughts be selected, categorized, oriented, and combined, and each language places its own constraints on these processes, which are illustrated here with attempts to translate from the Native American language Seneca into English.
Multiple Nuclear Polarization States in a Double Quantum Dot
Creators: name: Danon, J.
name: Vink, I. T.
name: Koppens, F. H. L.
name: Nowack, K. C.
name: Vandersypen, L. M. K.
name: Nazarov, Yu. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observe multiple stable states of nuclear polarization in a double quantum dot under conditions of electron spin resonance. The stable states can be understood within an elaborated theoretical rate equation model for the polarization in each of the dots, in the limit of strong driving. This model also captures unusual features of the data, such as fast switching and a `wrong' sign of polarization. The results reported enable applications of this polarization effect, including manipulation and control of nuclear fields.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, 7 pages supplementary material