cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Probing Ganymede's atmosphere with HST Ly$α$ images in transit of Jupiter
Creators: name: Roth, Lorenz
name: Marchesini, Gregorio
name: Becker, Tracy M.
name: Hoeijmakers, H. Jens
name: Molyneux, Philippa M.
name: Retherford, Kurt D.
name: Saur, Joachim
name: Mogan, Shane R. Carberry
name: Szalay, Jamey R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report results from far-ultraviolet observations by the Hubble Space Telescope of Jupiter's largest moon Ganymede transiting across the planet's dayside hemisphere. {Within} a targeted campaign on 9 September 2021 two exposures were taken during one transit passage to probe for attenuation of Jupiter's hydrogen Lyman-$α$ dayglow above the moon limb. The background dayglow is slightly attenuated over an extended region around Ganymede, with stronger attenuation in the second exposure when Ganymede was near the planet's center. In the first exposure when the moon was closer to Jupiter's limb, the effects from the Ganymede corona are hardly detectable, likely because the Jovian Lyman-$α$ dayglow is spectrally broader and less intense at this viewing geometry. The obtained vertical H column densities of around $(1-2)\times 10^{12}$~cm$^{-2}$ are consistent with previous results. Constraining angular variability around Ganymede's disk, we derive an upper limit on a local H$_2$O column density of $(2-3)\times 10^{16}$~cm$^{-2}$, such as could arise from outgassing plumes in regions near the observed moon limb.
Feedback-controlled solute transport through chemo-responsive polymer membranes
Creators: name: Milster, Sebastian
name: Kim, Won Kyu
name: Dzubiella, Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polymer membranes are typically assumed to be inert and nonresponsive to the flux and density of the permeating particles in transport processes. Here, we study theoretically the consequences of membrane responsiveness and feedback on the steady-state force--flux relations and membrane permeability using a nonlinear-feedback solution-diffusion model of transport through a slab-like membrane. Therein, the solute concentration inside the membrane depends on the bulk concentration, $c_0$, the driving force, $f$, and the polymer volume fraction, $ϕ$. In our model, solute accumulation in the membrane causes a sigmoidal volume phase transition of the polymer, changing its permeability, which, in return, affects the membrane's solute uptake. This feedback leads to nonlinear force--flux relations, $j(f)$, which we quantify in terms of the system's differential permeability, $\mathcal{P}_\text{sys}^Δ\propto {\mathrm{d}j}/{\mathrm{d}f}$. We find that the membrane feedback can increase or decrease the solute flux by orders of magnitude, triggered by a small change in the driving force, and largely tunable by attractive versus repulsive solute--membrane interactions. Moreover, controlling the input, $c_0$ and $f$, can lead to steady-state bistability of $ϕ$ and hysteresis in the force--flux relations. This work advocates that the fine-tuning of the membrane's chemo-responsiveness will enhance the nonlinear transport control features, providing great potential for future (self-)regulating membrane devices.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Non-equilibrium quantum chains under multi-site Lindblad baths
Creators: name: Guimarães, Pedro H.
name: Landi, Gabriel T.
name: de Oliveira, Mario J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a quantum XX chain coupled to two heat reservoirs that act on multiple-sites and are kept at different temperatures and chemical potentials. The baths are described by Lindblad dissipators which are constructed by direct coupling to the fermionic normal modes of the chain. Using a perturbative method, we are able to find analytical formulas for all steady-state properties of the system. We compute both the particle/magnetization current and the energy current, both of which are found to have the structure of Landauer's formula. We also obtain exact formulas for the Onsager coefficients. All properties are found to differ substantially from those of a single-site bath. In particular, we find a strong dependence on the intensity of the bath couplings. In the weak coupling regime, we show that the Onsager reciprocal relations are satisfied.
Two-dimensional bright and dark-in-bright dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate solitons on a one-dimensional optical lattice
Creators: name: Adhikari, S K
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the statics and dynamics of anisotropic, stable, bright and dark-in-bright dipolar quasi-two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) solitons on a one-dimensional (1D) optical-lattice (OL) potential. These solitons mobile in a plane perpendicular to the 1D OL trap can have both repulsive and attractive contact interactions. The dark-in-bright solitons are the excited states of the bright solitons. The solitons, when subject to a small perturbation, exhibit sustained breathing oscillation. The dark-in-bright solitons can be created by phase imprinting a bright soliton. At medium velocities the collision between two solitons is found to be quasi elastic.The results are demonstrated by a numerical simulation of the three-dimensional mean-field Gross-Pitaevskii equation in three spatial dimensions employing realistic interaction parameters for a dipolar $^{164}$Dy BEC.
Session notes for AIRCD 2023 Open discussion about DSpace v7 migration
Creators: name: Wood, Erin
name: Simons, Joanne
Publisher: name: The University of Auckland
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 461001
subject: Digital curation and preservation
classificationCode: 461008
subject: Organisation of information and knowledge resources

description: Session notes for the Aotearoa Institutional Repositories Community Days 2023 open discussion about DSpace v7 migration/upgrade. Attendees from New Zealand universities and research institutes discussed repository architecture and the management of each institutes migration to DSpace7. Session occurred on September 7th 2023 and was facilitated by Jo Simmons from University of Auckland.
Explainable Data Poison Attacks on Human Emotion Evaluation Systems based on EEG Signals
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhibo
name: Umar, Sani
name: Hammadi, Ahmed Y. Al
name: Yoon, Sangyoung
name: Damiani, Ernesto
name: Ardagna, Claudio Agostino
name: Bena, Nicola
name: Yeun, Chan Yeob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The major aim of this paper is to explain the data poisoning attacks using label-flipping during the training stage of the electroencephalogram (EEG) signal-based human emotion evaluation systems deploying Machine Learning models from the attackers' perspective. Human emotion evaluation using EEG signals has consistently attracted a lot of research attention. The identification of human emotional states based on EEG signals is effective to detect potential internal threats caused by insider individuals. Nevertheless, EEG signal-based human emotion evaluation systems have shown several vulnerabilities to data poison attacks. The findings of the experiments demonstrate that the suggested data poison assaults are model-independently successful, although various models exhibit varying levels of resilience to the attacks. In addition, the data poison attacks on the EEG signal-based human emotion evaluation systems are explained with several Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) methods, including Shapley Additive Explanation (SHAP) values, Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations (LIME), and Generated Decision Trees. And the codes of this paper are publicly available on GitHub.
A Right-handed Neutrino Portal to the Hidden sector : Active Neutrinos and their Twins in an F-theory model
Creators: name: Kawamura, Junichiro
name: Raby, Stuart
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the neutrino phenomenology in an $SU(5)$ F-theory model with both a visible sector and a twin hidden sector. At low energies, the strong and weak scales of the two sectors may differ but the spectrum of states is described by the MSSM (MSSM$^\prime$) in the visible (twin) sectors. What is special about the model is that there are right-handed neutrinos which couple to both sectors via Yukawa couplings. As a result, assuming 3 right-handed neutrinos with a large mass much greater than the weak scale, at tree-level the seesaw mechanism results in 3 massive Majorana neutrinos and 3 massless ones. The massless neutrinos acquire mass via radiative corrections. In our analysis, the massless neutrinos are predominantly active neutrinos, while the massive neutrinos are predominantly sterile neutrinos. We fit the active neutrino masses and mixing angles and discuss the phenomenology of the lightest sterile neutrino. Finally we consider some possible scenarios for cosmology.
description: 19 pages, 2 figures
Annex 6. Video material introducing urban forests as nature-based solutions
Creators: name: De Vreese, Rik
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Urban forests
green infrastructure
nature-based solutions
China
Europe
urban trees

description: This file is an annex to the Guidance document for the local co-design and co-learning workshops (D3.1) (https://www.zenodo.org/deposit/3887161). The Guidance document gives guidelines for organising co-design workshops. This Annex 6 includes links to video material on urban forests as nature-based solutions, which can be used to introduce the topic to the participants to the co-design workshops.
A Survey of Voice Translation Methodologies - Acoustic Dialect Decoder
Creators: name: Krupakar, Hans
name: Rajvel, Keerthika
name: B, Bharathi
name: S, Angel Deborah
name: Krishnamurthy, Vallidevi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Speech Translation has always been about giving source text or audio input and waiting for system to give translated output in desired form. In this paper, we present the Acoustic Dialect Decoder (ADD) - a voice to voice ear-piece translation device. We introduce and survey the recent advances made in the field of Speech Engineering, to employ in the ADD, particularly focusing on the three major processing steps of Recognition, Translation and Synthesis. We tackle the problem of machine understanding of natural language by designing a recognition unit for source audio to text, a translation unit for source language text to target language text, and a synthesis unit for target language text to target language speech. Speech from the surroundings will be recorded by the recognition unit present on the ear-piece and translation will start as soon as one sentence is successfully read. This way, we hope to give translated output as and when input is being read. The recognition unit will use Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) Based Tool-Kit (HTK), hybrid RNN systems with gated memory cells, and the synthesis unit, HMM based speech synthesis system HTS. This system will initially be built as an English to Tamil translation device.
description: (8 pages, 7 figures, IEEE Digital Xplore paper)
Deep Generalized Additive Regression Models for Location, Scale and Shape using TensorFlow
Creators: name: Yang, Kang
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: GAMLSS
subject: DFNN
subject: Variationsinferenz
subject: Tiefes Lernen
subject: Tensorflow-Wahrscheinlichkeit
subject: Variational Inference
subject: Deep learning
subject: Tensorflow probability
subject: 519 Wahrscheinlichkeiten, angewandte Mathematik

description: Das Deep Distributional Learning-Modell oder Deep Generalized Additive Regression Models für Locations, Scale and Shape (DGAMLSS) ist ein flexibles Framework, das von Rügamer et al. [1] entwickelt wurde und in das sowohl strukturierte additive als auch Deep Neural Network-Teile einbezogen sind der additive Prädiktor für die Verteilungsregression. In diesem Artikel verwenden wir eine Reihe von Datensätzen, die separat durch verschiedene Verteilungen simuliert wurden, untersuchen die Leistung von Deep GAMLSS und vergleichen sie mit anderen drei hochmodernen Designs für GAMLSS, nämlich GAMLSS mit maximaler Wahrscheinlichkeit [2]. BAMLSS [3] und GamboostLSS [4]. Ein solcher Vergleich wird unter verschiedenen Gesichtspunkten demonstriert. Schätzungen sowohl zu linearen als auch zu nichtlinearen Begriffen werden untersucht und anhand verschiedener Modelle verglichen, um ihre Stärken und Schwächen zu ermitteln. DGAMLSS übertrifft im Allgemeinen andere Modelle in Bezug auf Vorhersagegenauigkeit, Konvergenzgeschwindigkeit und Robustheit unter Rauschen, insbesondere bei der Annahme einer komplexen Verteilung, unterscheidet jedoch nicht zwischen linearen, nichtlinearen und unstrukturierten Schätzern.
description: Deep Distributional Learning model, or Deep Generalized Additive Regression Models for Locations, Scale and Shape (DGAMLSS), is a flexible framework de- signed by Rügamer et al[1], where both structured additive and deep neural net- work parts are included into the additive predictor for distributional regression. In this paper, we employ a series of datasets separately simulated by different dis- tributions, examine performance of deep GAMLSS, and compare it with other three state-of-the-art designs for GAMLSS, namely GAMLSS with maximum likelihood[2], BAMLSS[3] and gamboostLSS[4]. Such comparison is demon- strated from different aspects. Estimations on both linear and non-linear terms are studied and compared through different models to address their strength and weakness. DGAMLSS generally outperforms other models in respect of predic- tion accuracy, convergence speed and robustness under noises especially for com- plex distributional assumption, but fails to distinguish structure linear, non-linear estimator, and unstructured estimator.
title: Laissez-vous envoûter par la lecture ! : propositions de dispositifs variés pour motiver les élèves au geste de lire
title: Laissez-vous envoûter par la lecture ! : propositions de dispositifs variés pour motiver les élèves au geste de lire
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Annen, Aurélie
name: Marisavljevic, Ankica
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: lecture
subject: plaisir
subject: dispositifs
subject: activités
subject: littérature
subject: compréhension

description: Laissez-vous envoûter par la lecture ! Voilà un vaste programme auquel nous souhaitions nous atteler par le biais de notre mémoire professionnel. Après avoir été confrontées l’une et l’autre à de multiples remarques d’élèves n’aimant pas lire (ou même détestant franchement... !), nous, futures enseignantes passionnées de littérature jeunesse, avons fait le pari d’arriver à transmettre notre goût et notre enthousiasme pour la lecture à nos élèves. Selon les derniers résultats de l’étude PISA, en Suisse, encore environ 15% des élèves ont un faible niveau en lecture. À 15 ans, soit à la fin de sa scolarité obligatoire, 1 élève sur 7 est considéré comme étant faible lecteur. C’est pourquoi continuer à promouvoir la lecture auprès des élèves du deuxième cycle nous a paru essentiel. En tant que futures enseignantes, nous avons alors voulu relever un défi de taille : tenter d'influencer concrètement la relation de nos élèves à la lecture. C'est en mettant en place divers dispositifs de manière parallèle dans nos deux classes, une de 5P et une autre de 6P, que nous nous sommes attelées à cette tâche ambitieuse. Par le biais d’observations, de questionnaires et d’entretiens, nous avons ensuite analysé les données récoltées afin de tenter de répondre à notre problématique : dans quelle mesure la mise en place de dispositifs diversifiés mettant les élèves en activité de lecture a-t-elle une incidence sur leur compréhension et donc sur leur motivation ? Finalement, n’est-il pas de notre devoir d'enseignantes de communiquer le plaisir de lire à nos élèves ? L'école ne construit-elle pas la première culture littéraire des enfants ? Et quel impact un enseignement orienté vers la promotion de la lecture aura- t -il sur les adultes de demain ?
title: La relation parents-enseignant : comment les enseignants construisent-ils la relation avec les parents ?
title: La relation parents-enseignant : comment les enseignants construisent-ils la relation avec les parents ?
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Bard, Ludivine
name: Avondet, Estelle
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: relation parents-enseignant
subject: collaboration
subject: coopération
subject: partenariat
subject: modes de communication
subject: entretien individuel

description: Notre recherche a pour but d’interroger les comportements des enseignants dans la relation avec les parents. À travers une enquête qualitative et au regard de différents apports théoriques, nous avons cherché à comprendre comment les enseignants construisent la relation qu’ils ont avec les parents d’élèves. L’hypothèse principale de cette recherche est que l’enseignant se comporte différemment en fonction du parent qu’il a en face de lui selon différents facteurs. Nous avons choisi comme méthode de recherche l’entretien semi-directif avec six enseignants de degrés et d’établissements différents afin d’être dans une situation d’interaction permettant l’écoute et la compréhension. À partir des réponses obtenues lors des entretiens, nous avons comparé les données dans le but de constater les différences et les similitudes dans les comportements de chacun face aux parents d’élèves. Les résultats obtenus nous ont permis d’avoir des informations concrètes sur des points précis de la relation parents-enseignant. Ces informations pratiques constituent des outils qui nous seront utiles dans notre vie professionnelle.
Spontaneous spherical symmetry breaking in atomic confinement
Creators: name: Sveshnikov, K.
name: Tolokonnikov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of spontaneous breaking of initial SO(3) symmetry is shown to be possible for an H-like atom in the ground state, when it is confined in a spherical box under general boundary conditions of "not going out" through the box surface (i.e. third kind or Robin's ones), for a wide range of physically reasonable values of system parameters. The reason is that such boundary conditions could yield a large magnitude of electronic wavefunction in some sector of the box boundary, what in turn promotes atomic displacement from the box center towards this part of the boundary, and so the underlying SO(3) symmetry spontaneously breaks. The emerging Goldstone modes, coinciding with rotations around the box center, restore the symmetry by spreading the atom over a spherical shell localized at some distances from the box center. Atomic confinement inside the cavity proceeds dynamically -- due to the boundary condition the deformation of electronic wavefunction near the boundary works as a spring, that returns the atomic nuclei back into the box volume.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1301.3399 . authors note: added reference, changes in introduction, added acknowledgement
Session notes for AIRCD 2023 Open discussion about the 70% OA target set by CONZUL
Creators: name: Wood, Erin
name: White, Richard
Publisher: name: The University of Auckland
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 461007
subject: Open access

description: Session notes for the Aotearoa Institutional Repositories Community Days 2023 Session notes for AIRCD 2023 Open discussion about the 70% OA target set by CONZUL. Attendees from New Zealand universities and research institutes explored the OpenAlex tool to determine changes on the rates of OA publication at each institution and discussed the practicalities of delivery on the 70% OA by 2025 target. Session occurred on September 8th 2023 and was facilitated by Richard White from University of Otago.
Hadron Spectroscopy, exotics and $B_c^+$ physics at LHCb
Creators: name: Dey, Biplab
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The LHCb experiment is designed to study properties and decays of heavy flavored hadrons produced from $pp$ collisions at the LHC. During Run~1, it has recorded the world's largest data sample of beauty and charm hadrons, enabling precision spectroscopy studies of such particles. Several important results obtained by LHCb, such as the discovery of the first pentaquark states and the first unambiguous determination of the $Z_c(4430)^-$ as an exotic state, have dramatically increased the interest on spectroscopy of heavy hadrons. An overview of the latest LHCb results on the subject, including the discovery of four strange exotic states decaying as $X \to J/ψϕ$, is presented. LHCb has also made significant contributions to the field of $B_c^+$ physics, the lowest bound state of the heavy flavor $\bar{b}$ and $c$ quarks. A synopsis of the the latest results is given.
description: 6 pages, talk at BEACH 2016, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, USA, June 2016, contribution to the proceedings
Rapid generation and number-resolved detection of spinor Rubidium Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Pür, Cebrail
name: Hetzel, Mareike
name: Quensen, Martin
name: Hüper, Andreas
name: Geng, Jiao
name: Kruse, Jens
name: Ertmer, Wolfgang
name: Klempt, Carsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High data acquisition rates and low-noise detection of ultracold neutral atoms present important challenges for the state tomography and interferometric application of entangled quantum states in Bose-Einstein condensates. In this article, we present a high-flux source of $^{87}$Rb Bose-Einstein condensates combined with a number-resolving detection. We create Bose-Einstein condensates of $2\times10^5$ atoms with no discernible thermal fraction within $3.3$ s using a hybrid evaporation approach in a magnetic/optical trap. For the high-fidelity tomography of many-body quantum states in the spin degree of freedom [arXiv:2207.01270], it is desirable to select a single mode for a number-resolving detection. We demonstrate the low-noise selection of subsamples of up to $16$ atoms and their subsequent detection with a counting noise below $0.2$ atoms. The presented techniques offer an exciting path towards the creation and analysis of mesoscopic quantum states with unprecedented fidelities, and their exploitation for fundamental and metrological applications.
description: Corrected figures, updated references
Dynamical renormalization group approach to the spin-boson model
Creators: name: Shapourian, Hassan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a semi-analytical approach beyond the Born-Markov approximation to study the quench dynamics of the spin-boson model in the strong-coupling regime ($α\leq1/2$) for the Ohmic bath. The basic idea in our approach is to write an effective time-dependent model for the dynamics of the system coupled to the bosonic bath after integrating out high-frequency bath modes. By applying this procedure to the Heisenberg equations of motion, we derive a set of flow equations for the system parameters as a function of time. The final flow equations look similar to those of the equilibrium renormalization-group theory; however, in our derivation the scaling parameter is set by the real time. We solve the equations of motion with time-dependent renormalized parameters and show that the resulting dynamics is in decent agreement with the exact NRG calculations as well as the non-interacting blip approximation that is a well-known good solution in this limit.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, and 2 appendices
Anisotropic Van der Waals 2D GeAs Integrated on Silicon Four-Waveguide Crossing
Creators: name: Dushaq, Ghada
name: Villegas, Juan Esteban
name: Paredes, Bruna
name: Tamalampudi, Srinivasa Reddy
name: Rasras, Mahmoud S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In-plane optical anisotropy plays a critical role in manipulating light in a wide range of planner photonic devices. In this study, the strong anisotropy of multilayer 2D GeAs is leveraged and utilized to validate the technical feasibility of on-chip light management. A 2D GeAs is stamped into an ultra-compact silicon waveguide four-way crossing optimized for operation in the O-optical band. The measured optical transmission spectra indicated a remarkable discrepancy between the in-plane crystal optical axes with an attenuation ratio of ~ 3.5 (at 1330 nm). Additionally, the effect of GeAs crystal orientation on the electro-optic transmission performance is demonstrated on a straight waveguide. A notable 50 % reduction in responsivity was recorded for devices constructed with cross direction compared to devices with a crystal a-direction parallel to the light polarization. This extraordinary optical anisotropy, combined with a high refractive index ~ 4 of 2D GeAs, opens possibilities for efficient on-chip light manipulation in photonic devices.
Open Repositories 2023 Trip Report (South Africa)
Creators: name: Shepherd, Kim
Publisher: name: The University of Auckland
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 461001
subject: Digital curation and preservation
classificationCode: 461008
subject: Organisation of information and knowledge resources

description: Kim Shepard, Metahead Limited, discussed his recent trip to South Africa to attend the Open Repositories 2023 conference. He describes the practicalities of data repositories in South African research institutes. Presented online at the Aotearoa Institutional Repositories Community Days 2023.
Probing neutron skin and symmetry energy with relativistic isobar collisions
Creators: name: Xu, Hao-jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In these proceedings, we present the three proposed observables to probe the neutron skin and symmetry energy with relativistic isobar collisions, namely, the isobar ratios of the produced hadron multiplicities ($N_{\rm ch}$), the mean transverse momenta ($\langle p_{\perp} \rangle$), and the net charge multiplicities ($ΔQ$). Our findings suggest potentially significant improvement to neutron skin and symmetry energy determination over traditional low energy methods.
description: Invited talk presented at the 20th International Conference on Strangeness in Quark Matter (SQM), Busan, Republic of Korea, June 13-17, 2022
Multiple scattering dynamics of fermions at an isolated p-wave resonance
Creators: name: Thomas, Ryan
name: Roberts, Kris O.
name: Tiesinga, Eite
name: Wade, Andrew C. J.
name: Blakie, P. Blair
name: Deb, Amita B.
name: Kjærgaard, Niels
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The wavefunction for indistinguishable fermions is anti-symmetric under particle exchange, which directly leads to the Pauli exclusion principle, and hence underlies the structure of atoms and the properties of almost all materials. In the dynamics of collisions between two indistinguishable fermions this requirement strictly prohibits scattering into 90 degree angles. Here we experimentally investigate the collisions of ultracold clouds fermionic $\rm^{40}K$ atoms by directly measuring scattering distributions. With increasing collision energy we identify the Wigner threshold for p-wave scattering with its tell-tale dumb-bell shape and no $90^\circ$ yield. Above this threshold effects of multiple scattering become manifest as deviations from the underlying binary p-wave shape, adding particles either isotropically or axially. A shape resonance for $\rm^{40}K$ facilitates the separate observation of these two processes. The isotropically enhanced multiple scattering mode is a generic p-wave threshold phenomenon, while the axially enhanced mode should occur in any colliding particle system with an elastic scattering resonance.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, link to supplementary material
Constraining the turbulence and the dust disk in IM Lup: onset of planetesimal formation
Creators: name: Franceschi, Riccardo
name: Birnstiel, Tilman
name: Henning, Thomas
name: Sharma, Anirudh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations of protoplanetary disks provide information on planet formation and the reasons for the diversity of planetary systems. The key to understanding planet formation is the study of dust evolution from small grains to pebbles. Smaller grains are well-coupled to the gas dynamics, and their distribution is significantly extended above the disk midplane. Larger grains settle much faster and are efficiently formed only in the midplane. By combining near-infrared polarized light and millimeter observations, it is possible to constrain the spatial distribution of both the small and large grains. We aim to construct detailed models of the size distribution and vertical/radial structure of the dust particles in protoplanetary disks based on observational data. In particular, we are interested in recovering the dust distribution in the IM Lup protoplanetary disk. We create a physical model for the dust distribution of protoplanetary disks and simulate the radiative transfer of the millimeter continuum and the near-infrared polarized radiation. Using a Markov chain Monte Carlo method, we compare the derived images to the observations available for the IM Lup disk to constrain the best physical model for IM Lup and to recover the vertical grain size distribution. The millimeter and near-infrared emission tightly constrain the dust mass and grain size distribution of our model. We find size segregation in the dust distribution, with millimeter-sized grains in the disk midplane. These grains are efficiently formed in the disk, possibly by sedimentation-driven coagulation, in accord with the short settling timescales predicted by our model. This also suggests a high dust-to-gas ratio at smaller radii in the midplane, possibly triggering streaming instabilities and planetesimal formation in the inner disk.
description: 15 pages, 16 figures, accepted by Astronomy & Astrophysics
A Primer for Artificial Intelligence
Creators: name: Bickerton, Sarah
Publisher: name: The University of Auckland
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 460208
subject: Natural language processing
classificationCode: 460299
subject: Artificial intelligence not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 461004
subject: Information governance, policy and ethics

description: In this keynote, Sarah Bickerton, Tohatoha Aotearoa Commons, describes types of AI and their application in an academic context. Presented online at the Aotearoa Institutional Repositories Community Days 2023.
A framework for analyzing contagion in assortative banking networks
Creators: name: Hurd, Thomas R.
name: Gleeson, James P.
name: Melnik, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We introduce a probabilistic framework that represents stylized banking networks with the aim of predicting the size of contagion events. Most previous work on random financial networks assumes independent connections between banks, whereas our framework explicitly allows for (dis)assortative edge probabilities (e.g., a tendency for small banks to link to large banks). We analyze default cascades triggered by shocking the network and find that the cascade can be understood as an explicit iterated mapping on a set of edge probabilities that converges to a fixed point. We derive a cascade condition that characterizes whether or not an infinitesimal shock to the network can grow to a finite size cascade, in analogy to the basic reproduction number $R_0$ in epidemic modelling. The cascade condition provides an easily computed measure of the systemic risk inherent in a given banking network topology. Using the percolation theory for random networks we also derive an analytic formula for the frequency of global cascades. Although the analytical methods are derived for infinite networks, we demonstrate using Monte Carlo simulations the applicability of the results to finite-sized networks. We show that edge-assortativity, the propensity of nodes to connect to similar nodes, can have a strong effect on the level of systemic risk as measured by the cascade condition. However, the effect of assortativity on systemic risk is subtle, and we propose a simple graph theoretic quantity, which we call the graph-assortativity coefficient, that can be used to assess systemic risk.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1110.4312
First search for ultralight dark matter with a space-based gravitational-wave antenna: LISA Pathfinder
Creators: name: Miller, Andrew L.
name: Mendes, Luis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present here results from the first-ever search for dark photon dark matter that could have coupled to baryons in LISA Pathfinder, the technology demonstrator for a space-based gravitational-wave antenna. After analyzing approximately three months of data taken by LISA Pathfinder in the frequency range $[2\times 10^{-5},5]$ Hz, corresponding to dark photon masses of $[8\times 10^{-20},2\times 10^{-14}]$ eV/$c^2$, we find no evidence of a dark-matter signal, and set upper limits on the strength of the dark photon/baryon coupling. To perform this search, we leveraged methods that search for quasi-monochromatic gravitational-wave signals in ground-based interferometers, and are robust against non-Gaussianities and gaps in the data. Our work therefore represents a proof-of-concept test of search methods in LISA to find persistent, quasi-monochromatic signals, and shows our ability to handle non-Guassian artifacts and gaps while maintaining good sensitivity compared to the optimal matched filter. The results also indicate that these methods can be powerful tools in LISA to not only find dark matter, but also look for other persistent signals from e.g. intermediate-mass black hole inspirals and galactic white dwarf binaries.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
How many PhDs are cited in Scopus
Creators: name: Angelo, Anton
Publisher: name: The University of Auckland
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 461008
subject: Organisation of information and knowledge resources

description: Anton Angelo, University of Canterbury, describes the patterns of citations of PhD candidates and the methodology used to determine this information from Scopus data. Presented online at the Aotearoa Institutional Repositories Community Days 2023.
Complex geodesics in de Sitter space
Creators: name: Chapman, Shira
name: Galante, Damián A.
name: Harris, Eleanor
name: Sheorey, Sameer U.
name: Vegh, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The two-point function of a free massive scalar field on a fixed background can be evaluated in the large mass limit by using a semiclassical geodesic approximation. In de Sitter space, however, this poses a puzzle. Certain spacelike separated points are not connected by real geodesics despite the corresponding two-point function in the Bunch-Davies state being non-vanishing. We resolve this puzzle by considering complex geodesics after analytically continuing to the sphere. We compute one-loop corrections to the correlator and discuss the implications of our results to de Sitter holography.
description: 20+13 pages, 5 figures. v2: updated refs to match published version
Metodologia Científica
Creators: name: EMMENDOERFE, MAGNUS L
name: MEDIOTTE, ELIAS
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Apostila para auxiliar disciplinas de Metodologia da Pesquisa Científica. Foi idealizada para o curso de pós-graduação lato sensu em Administração Pública Municipal da UFV, ofertada no âmbito da Coordenadora de Educação Abera e a Distância (CEAD).
Effect of polydispersity in concentrated magnetorheological fluids
Creators: name: Manuel, Julio Gabriel de Falco
name: Bombard, Antonio Jose F.
name: Weeks, Eric R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetorheological fluids (MRF) are smart materials of increasing interest due to their great versatility in mechanical and mechatronic systems. As main rheological features, MRFs must present low viscosity in the absence of a magnetic field (0.1 - 1.0 Pa.s) and high yield stress (50 - 100 kPa) when magnetized, in order to optimize the magnetorheological effect. Such properties, in turn, are directly influenced by the composition, volume fraction, size, and size distribution (polydispersity) of the particles, the latter being an important piece in the improvement of these main properties. In this context, the present work aims to analyze, through experiments and simulations, the influence of polydispersity on the maximum packing fraction, on the yield stress under field (on-state), and on the plastic viscosity in the absence of field (off-state) of concentrated MRF (phi = 48.5 vol.%). Three blends of carbonyl iron powder in polyalphaolefin oil were prepared. These blends have the same mode, but different polydispersity indexes, ranging from 0.46 to 1.44. Separate simulations show that the random close packing fraction increases from about 68% to 80% as the polydispersity index increases over this range. The on-state yield stress, in turn, is raised from 30 +/- 0.5 kPa to 42 +/- 2 kPa (B ~ 0.57 T) and the off-state plastic viscosity, is reduced from 4.8 Pa.s to 0.5 Pa.s. Widening the size distributions, as is well known in the literature, increases packing efficiency and reduces the viscosity of concentrated dispersions, but beyond that, it proved to be a viable way to increase the magnetorheological effect of concentrated MRF. The Brouwers model, which considers the void fraction in suspensions of particles with lognormal distribution, was proposed as a possible hypothesis to explain the increase in yield stress under magnetic field.
Systematic evaluation of CNN advances on the ImageNet
Creators: name: Mishkin, Dmytro
name: Sergievskiy, Nikolay
name: Matas, Jiri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The paper systematically studies the impact of a range of recent advances in CNN architectures and learning methods on the object categorization (ILSVRC) problem. The evalution tests the influence of the following choices of the architecture: non-linearity (ReLU, ELU, maxout, compatibility with batch normalization), pooling variants (stochastic, max, average, mixed), network width, classifier design (convolutional, fully-connected, SPP), image pre-processing, and of learning parameters: learning rate, batch size, cleanliness of the data, etc. The performance gains of the proposed modifications are first tested individually and then in combination. The sum of individual gains is bigger than the observed improvement when all modifications are introduced, but the "deficit" is small suggesting independence of their benefits. We show that the use of 128x128 pixel images is sufficient to make qualitative conclusions about optimal network structure that hold for the full size Caffe and VGG nets. The results are obtained an order of magnitude faster than with the standard 224 pixel images.
description: Submitted to CVIU Special Issue on Deep Learning. Updated dataset quality experiment
Using Techsmith Capture videos to analyze a student’s information seeking behaviors
Creators: name: Lewis, J. Denice
Publisher: name: STEM Librarian South
Year: 2022
Subjects: Library and information studies not elsewhere classified
Education assessment and evaluation

description: When teaching an information literacy credit-bearing course, it can be difficult to assess what students learn, retain, and apply when conducting research. In the LIB290: Information Literacy for Engineering course that I developed and taught Spring 2022, I had students explain how they constructed their search string, what databases/tools they used, and how they selected their resources in a variety of different assignments. Reviewing the videos unveiled misconceptions in using phrase searching and grouping as well as revealed the improvement students made prior to starting the instruction and at the end of the semester.
The effect of nonlinear lensing on the coupling of ultrafast laser pulses to hollow-core waveguides
Creators: name: Brahms, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gas-filled hollow-core fibres are a flexible platform for the manipulation of ultrafast laser pulses through a variety of nonlinear optical effects. Efficient high-fidelity coupling of the initial pulses is very important for system performance. Here we study the effect of self-focusing in gas-cell windows on the coupling of ultrafast laser pulses into hollow-core fibres using (2+1)-dimensional numerical simulations. As expected, we find that the coupling efficiency is degraded and the duration of the coupled pulses changed when the entrance window is too close to the fibre entrance. The interplay of nonlinear spatio-temporal reshaping and the linear dispersion of the window create different results depending on the window material, pulse duration, and pulse wavelength, with longer-wavelength beams more tolerant of high intensity in the window. While shifting the nominal focus to compensate can restore some of the lost coupling efficiency, it improves the pulse duration only marginally. From our simulations we derive a simple expression for the minimum distance between the window and the HCF entrance facet. Our results have implications for the often space-constrained design of hollow-core-fibre systems, especially where the input energy is not constant.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Virtual 1-domination of 3-manifolds
Creators: name: Liu, Yi
name: Sun, Hongbin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M10, 57M50

description: It is shown in this paper that given any closed oriented hyperbolic 3-manifold, every closed oriented 3-manifold is mapped onto by a finite cover of that manifold via a map of degree 1, or in other words, virtually 1-dominated by that manifold. This improves a known result of virtual 2-domination. The proof invokes a recently developed enhanced version of the connection principle in good pants constructions.
description: 19 pages, comments are welcome!
Pemetaan Sebaran Spasial Jalur Evakuasi Tsunami di Kawasan Geopark Ciletuh Kecamatan Cisolok Berbasis WebGIS
Creators: name: drajat, wisnu fajar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Geospatial information systems and geospatial data modelling
Geochronology
Geoinformatics not elsewhere classified
Development geography

description: Kepulauan Indonesia memiliki kompleksitas tatanan tektonik yang tinggi dan aktivitas gempa yang signifikan sebagai akibat dari interaksi tiga lempeng besar, yaitu Lempeng Eurasia, Lempeng Indo-Australia, dan Pasifik. Tsunami merupakan bencana alam yang sering terjadi di wilayah ini dan telah menyebabkan kerugian jiwa dan harta benda yang besar. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk melakukan pemetaan jalur evakuasi tsunami menggunakan sistem informasi geografis (SIG) guna mengurangi risiko dan melindungi masyarakat di daerah pesisir.Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan pemetaan jalur evakuasi tsunami di Kawasan Geopark Ciletuh dengan menggunakan SIG. Data topografi, elevasi lahan, dan model pergerakan gelombang tsunami dianalisis untuk mengidentifikasi daerah yang rentan terhadap tsunami. Selanjutnya, jalur evakuasi ditentukan dengan mempertimbangkan faktor-faktor seperti jarak dari pantai dan elevasi tempat evakuasi. Tujuan utama pemetaan ini adalah untuk menentukan jalur evakuasi yang optimal, meningkatkan ketersediaan informasi kepada masyarakat dan pemangku kepentingan, serta meningkatkan kesadaran dan kesiapsiagaan masyarakat terhadap ancaman tsunami.Penelitian ini menggunakan model pengembangan perangkat lunak dengan pendekatan Waterfall, yang mengikuti tahapan sistematis dari awal hingga akhir. Selain itu, data skunder dan metode penelitian yang mengadopsi metode klasik SDLC (System Development Life Cycle) juga digunakan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan pentingnya SIG dalam pemetaan jalur evakuasi tsunami, serta peran sistem peringatan dini dalam mengoptimalkan jalur evakuasi.Dalam rangka mengurangi risiko bencana tsunami, penting untuk menyediakan tempat evakuasi sementara (TES) yang didukung oleh jalur evakuasi yang memadai. Dengan pemetaan yang baik, diharapkan dapat membantu mengurangi dampak bencana pada masyarakat dan memastikan evakuasi yang aman dan cepat. Edukasi dan sosialisasi kepada masyarakat juga penting untuk meningkatkan kesadaran dan kesiapsiagaan terhadap ancaman tsunami.
Evolution of dispersal in advective patchy environments
Creators: name: Chen, Shanshan
name: Shi, Junping
name: Shuai, Zhisheng
name: Wu, Yixiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 92D25, 92D40, 34C12, 34D23, 37C65

description: We study a two-species competition model in a patchy advective environment, where the species are subject to both directional drift and undirectional random dispersal between patches and there are losses of individuals in the downstream end (e.g., due to the flow into a lake or ocean). The two competing species are assumed to have the same growth rates but different advection and random dispersal rates. We focus our studies on the properties of an associated eigenvalue problem which characterizes the extinction/persistence dynamics of the underlying patch population model. We also derive conditions on the advection and random dispersal rates under which a mutating species can or cannot invade the resident species.
description: 45 pages, 8 figures