cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A possible observational evidence for $θ^{-2}$ angular distribution of opening half-angle of GRB jets
Creators: name: Yonetoku, Daisuke
name: Yamazaki, Ryo
name: Nakamura, Takashi
name: Murakami, Toshio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a method to estimate the pseudo jet opening half-angle of GRBs using the spectral peak energy ($\Ep$)--peak luminosity relation (so called Yonetoku relation) as well as the $\Ep$--collimation-corrected $γ$-ray energy relation (so called Ghirlanda relation). For bursts with known jet break times and redshifts, we compared the pseudo jet opening half-angle with the standard one and found that the differences are within a factor 2. We apply the method to 689 long GRBS. We found that the distribution function of the pseudo jet opening half-angle obeys $f(θ_j)\proptoθ_j^{-2.2 \pm 0.2}$ with possible cutoffs for $θ_j < 0.04$ and $θ_j > 0.3$ although the log-normal fit is also possible. $θ^{-2}$ distribution is compatible with the structured jet model. From the distribution function we found that the beaming correction for the rate of GRBs is $\sim 340$, which means $\sim 10^{-5}$ yr$^{-1}$ galaxy$^{-1}$ or only one in $10^2$ type Ib/c supernovae. We also found the evolution of the distribution function as a function of the redshift.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Additional file 1 of Frequent horizontal and mother-to-child transmission may contribute to high prevalence of STLV-1 infection in Japanese macaques
Creators: name: Murata, Megumi
name: Jun-Ichirou Yasunaga
name: Washizaki, Ayaka
name: Seki, Yohei
name: Kuramitsu, Madoka
name: Tan, Wei Keat
name: Hu, Anna
name: Kazu Okuma
name: Hamaguchi, Isao
name: Mizukami, Takuo
name: Matsuoka, Masao
name: Akari, Hirofumi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1 Distribution of anti-STLV-1 antibody titers (ABTs) in seropositive JMs. The X-axis represents antibody titers ranging from 16–262144, with an ABT of 8192 at the maximum number of individuals. The Y-axis represents the number of individuals in each antibody titer.
Gevrey stability of hydrostatic approximate for the Navier-Stokes equations in a thin domain
Creators: name: Wang, Chao
name: Wang, Yuxi
name: Zhang, Zhifei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we justify the limit from the Navier-Stokes system in a thin domain to the hydrostatic Navier-Stokes/Prandtl system for the convex initial data with Gevrey 9/8 regualrity in $x$.
description: 31 pages
title: A Socio-Legal Analysis of the Emergence of Global Neurotechnology Governance and Its Epistemic Community
Creators: name: Johnson, Walter
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2025

description: This thesis argues that epistemic communities can act as global governors that drive and shape the emergence of new spaces of governance. Using the transnational governance of neurotechnologies as a case study, this analysis examines how epistemic communities can govern, arguing they do so through methods more diffused than more coercive or formal institutional forms of influence. In this case, actors use productive power to regulate other global governors, acting as meta-regulators. Although transnational lawmaking for neurotechnologies has accelerated in recent years, few state, private, or civil society actors have become meaningfully involved in these processes. Instead, as this research illustrates, an epistemic community has become the predominant entity driving lawmaking transnationally; albeit in ways that reflect its own internal tensions. This study uses a processual approach to capture these sociological phenomena, applying socio-legal analytic tools that draw on ecological theory. The findings of the analysis are the results of a two-and-a-half-year exploratory case study. Data were collected from interviews with elites and participant observation across multiple transnational sites, supplemented by an analysis of documents and archival records from these sites and actors involved. The thematic analysis here highlights how an epistemic community can become a key governor in a space where there is a relative absence of better-known global governance actors. It also illuminates significant types of interactions occurring over time and across space. Interactions among actors seeking to influence the governance of neurotechnologies not only produce lawmaking narratives and norms, but also contests between those narratives and norms. Accordingly, the emergent governance space has come to reflect these contestations, becoming institutionalised through various competitive and cooperative dynamics. Scrutiny of these dynamics reveals the epistemic community's connections to and positions within international organisations and other transnational regulators. Through these interactions, the community has produced two competing lawmaking agendas, responsible innovation and 'neurorights,' which have animated influential governance actors and coalitions, including the OECD, UNESCO, and the UN Human Rights Council. Across the thesis chapters, the ecological analysis attends to how power operates in shaping boundaries, topology, stability, and participation in neurotechnology governance agendas. The thesis concludes by reflecting on the politics of productive power in the case and in emergent global governance, as well as highlighting limitations of the study and opportunities for future research.
title: Re-Structuring Application Of The Consumer Expectations Standard - Strict Product Liability And Medical Device Failure
Creators: name: Listing, Rosemary
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2025

description: This thesis investigates the issue of excessive uncertainty in applying the consumer expectations standard in strict product liability cases involving medical device failure. Drawing on negligence literature, it conducts a doctrinal analysis that uncovers significant inconsistencies and a lack of structure in how courts treat comparable factual material across similar cases. Building on these findings, the thesis proposes a novel theoretical framework designed to enhance the predictability of strict product liability applications in this context. This framework adopts a two-step approach: first, it advocates for a more structured method to judicial fact-selection and evaluation by incorporating international medical device safety guidelines, such as those from the International Medical Device Regulators Forum and International Safety Organisation standards. Second, it integrates normative guidance from Aristotle's virtue ethics to provide decision-makers with a more principled and transparent basis for applying the consumer expectations test. This research addresses a critical gap in existing scholarship by responding to calls from scholars like Twerski, Geistfeld, Viscusi, and Masterman for a more tailored and structured approach to strict product liability in specific product categories. The proposed framework shows significant promise for enhancing predictability and clarifying the relationship between factual material and the consumer expectations test when applied to cases of medical device failure.
A remark on the motivic Galois group and the quantum coadjoint action
Creators: name: Grosse, Harald
name: Schlesinger, Karl-Georg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It was suggested by Kontsevich that the Grothendieck-Teichmueller group GT should act on the Duflo isomorphism of su(2) but the corresponding realization of GT turned out to be trivial. We show that a solvable quotient of the motivic Galois group - which is supposed to agree with GT - is closely related to the quantum coadjoint action on U_q(sl_2) for q a root of unity, i.e. in the quantum group case one has a nontrivial realization of a quotient of the motivic Galois group. From a discussion of the algebraic properties of this realization we conclude that in more general cases than U_q(sl_2) it should be related to a quantum version of the motivic Galois group. Finally, we discuss the relation of our construction to quantum field and string theory and explain what we believe to be the "physical reason" behind this relation between the motivic Galois group and the quantum coadjoint action. This might be a starting point for the generalization of our construction to more involved examples.
description: 19 pages
Situation Synthétique de la CMDT
Creators: name: Dembele, Niama Nango
name: Traore, Abdramane
name: Dembele, Niama Nango
name: Traore, Abdramane
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Development
subject: food security
subject: food policy
subject: Mali
subject: cotton

description: This note presents the situation of the Malian cotton sector as of 2001/02, with emphasis on the possibility of emerging from the crisis at that time. ] The CMDT, the Malian company for textile development, has as its mission the production, storage, and marketing of cotton. Despite excellent performance over the years, CMDT was faced by a major crisis in 1999/2000 which has persisted. Cotton is very important to the Malian economy. The area of the cotton zone is about 163,303 km2, and included a population of about 3.8 million in 2000. Income from cotton was 96.5 billion CFA francs in 1998/99. However, since the 1999/00 campaign, the producers’ income decreased, falling to 41.3 billion CFA francs in 2000/01. Since the devaluation of the CFA franc in January 1994, the cotton sector regained its profitability and competitiveness, with a production of 523,000 tons in 1997/98. However, the production boycott undertaken by many producers in 2000/01 caused a huge production decrease of more than 200,000 tons. Producers were angered at the decision of CMDT to reduce the producer price by 35 CFA francs. Thus, the producer’s price went down from 185 CFA francs/kg in 1997/98 to 150 CFA francs/kg in 1999/00. Since 1998, the world price of cotton fiber has fallen, which caused the current crises in the cotton sector. The average price of cotton fiber in the international market went down from 925 CFA francs. The CMDT has announced higher seed cotton prices for the current campaign, with an expected commercialization of 575,000 tons. However, the cotton sector is not out of crisis yet. First, there is a question of whether the CMDT is financially able to honor the promise made by the Malian authorities that the company will buy all cotton produced in the country at 200 CFA francs/kg, in view of the continuing decrease of cotton fiber price on the international market. Second, the costs of cotton fiber to the CMDT calculated for the current campaign are higher than the decennial world average. Therefore, the 2002 exercise risks to be a deficit year again for the CMDT. The solution to this crisis would be to maintain the producers’ price at 200 CFA francs/kg and to restructure the CMDT. However, restructuring CMDT does not mean to privatize it , even though some of its functions can be managed by private sectors. Restructuring CMDT needs to be accompanied with a financial support of about 55 billion CFA francs for layoff costs of “excess” employees and other restructuring costs. The functions that need to be transferred to other players may be the supply of agricultural inputs, construction, planning, or management of natural resources.
Integrated Diagnostic Analyses and Application of Hydraulic Pumping Systems on Non-Flowing Oil Wells
Creators: name: Bright Odike
name: Bright Bariakpoa Kinate
name: Kingdom Kponanyie Dune
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 91406 Petroleum and Reservoir Engineering
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering

description: The discovery of non-flowing oil wells poses a significant challenge to the Oil and Gas industry’s quest for a cost-effective, profitable, and safe business of maximizing production from producing wells. Production from such wells requires the application of an artificial lift system to supplement or maintain reservoir pressure, which is generally seen as the major factor for a non-flowing well condition. It is, however, necessary to troubleshoot a non-flowing well by conducting diagnostic analyses on both the reservoir and well parameters, in order to determine the actual parameter(s) accountable to the state of a non-flowing well condition. This work considers water-cut, reservoir pressure, and reservoir temperature as the major parameters in conducting integrated diagnostic analyses on a non-flowing well. Two case scenarios were studied on the well – conducting diagnostic analyses on the non-flowing well, and application of a Hydraulic Driven Downhole Pump on the same well. Results of the first case scenario shows that reservoir pressure was the dominant factor for a non-flowing condition in the well as a reservoir pressure of 3611.11psig enabled the well to flow even at an operating envelope of a water-cut value of 73.333% and a near reservoir temperature of 266.667°F, with respect to the given reservoir temperature of 250°F. At such operating envelope, the well produced at an oil rate of 1039.2 STB/day, gas rate of 0.41567 MMscf/day, water rate of 2857.8 STB/day, and a liquid rate of 3896.9 STB/day. In the second case scenario, the well flows even at a low reservoir pressure of 888.889 psig, producing at an oil rate of 962.8 STB/day, a gas rate of 0.38511 MMscf/day, a water rate of 3851.1 STB/day, and a liquid rate of 4813.9 STB/day. Atreservoir pressures higher than 888.889 psig, the well yields higher oil production rates.
TrajGAIL: Generating Urban Vehicle Trajectories using Generative Adversarial Imitation Learning
Creators: name: Choi, Seongjin
name: Kim, Jiwon
name: Yeo, Hwasoo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently, an abundant amount of urban vehicle trajectory data has been collected in road networks. Many studies have used machine learning algorithms to analyze patterns in vehicle trajectories to predict location sequences of individual travelers. Unlike the previous studies that used a discriminative modeling approach, this research suggests a generative modeling approach to learn the underlying distributions of urban vehicle trajectory data. A generative model for urban vehicle trajectories can better generalize from training data by learning the underlying distribution of the training data and, thus, produce synthetic vehicle trajectories similar to real vehicle trajectories with limited observations. Synthetic trajectories can provide solutions to data sparsity or data privacy issues in using location data. This research proposesTrajGAIL, a generative adversarial imitation learning framework for the urban vehicle trajectory generation. In TrajGAIL, learning location sequences in observed trajectories is formulated as an imitation learning problem in a partially observable Markov decision process. The model is trained by the generative adversarial framework, which uses the reward function from the adversarial discriminator. The model is tested with both simulation and real-world datasets, and the results show that the proposed model obtained significant performance gains compared to existing models in sequence modeling.
description: 25 pages, 10 figures, 2 table
Evaluation des Performances Techniques et Financieres de l’Observatoire du Marche Agricole (OMA) de 2001 à 2002
Creators: name: Deme, Kadiatou
name: Deme, Kadiatou
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: food security
subject: food policy
subject: Mali

description: The Agricultural Market Watch, or Obsevatoire du Marché Agricole (OMA), is a decentralized information service in charge of collecting, analyzing and diffusing data on agricultural markets in order to inform and enlighten decision-makers, producers, traders and the public. OMA produced 1,342 communiqués vs. 1,642 planned. The rate of realization was significant and reached 85%. 1334 communiqués were broadcast in local languages through 18 local radio stations. The broadcasting rate of communiqués was 99%. Besides these communiqués, OMA’s record in meeting its targeted production of written reports was as follows: weekly reports, 93%; monthly reports, 100%; and situation reports (2), 100%. The overall rate for production and broadcast for all planned reports was 90%. The evaluation showed that OMA is not well equipped with adequate human and material resources. In spite of that, OMA has a satisfactory rate of production and diffusion of information, weekly and monthly reports. OMA faces financial challenges. The resources it generates itself cover only 12% of the total budget, with the remaining funds coming from the state. These self-generated resources come largely from consultancies (representing 95% of total own-generated resources). In light of the findings, it is recommended to equip adequately local market information offices, train local radio correspondents on market information issues, and conduct studies to identify specific information needs of various economic actors, pay survey takers adequately, and reestablish the contract with the national television network for dissemination of market reports on TV.
description: Projet d’Appui au Système d’Information Décentralisé des Marchés Agricoles (PASIDMA)
title: Parole che non c’erano. La lingua e le lingue nel contesto della pandemia
Creators: name: Pollicino, Simona
name: Zanot, Irene
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2021

description: La lingua è in continua evoluzione e si adatta a realtà e a circostanze sempre nuove come quella dell’attuale pandemia, che ne è la prova più recente. In tutti i momenti di crisi storica e sociale, ciò si verifica infatti in maniera più rapida ed evidente. Fin dall’inizio di una situazione inedita che ha coinvolto il mondo intero quale quella dell’emergenza sanitaria da Covid-19, nella comunicazione di massa si assiste non solo alla creazione di neologismi, ma anche a un nuovo impiego di parole ed espressioni preesistenti, che sono già al centro del dibattito della comunità scientifica linguistica e di quella sociologica. Questa presa di coscienza è stata il punto di partenza per le riflessioni che hanno animato le due giornate del convegno Parole che non c’erano. La lingua e le lingue nel contesto della pandemia, svoltosi in modalità ‘a distanza’, diremo usando un’ulteriore locuzione entrata oramai nel nostro linguaggio quotidiano, il 18 e il 19 marzo 2021, ovvero a circa un anno dallo scoppio della pandemia.
Commerce International des Céréales et Production Céréalière au Mali
Creators: name: Dembele, Niama Nango
name: Dembele, Niama Nango
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: food security
subject: food policy
subject: Mali
subject: cereals

description: The liberalization of foreign trade has positively impacted the production of cereals in Mali. The increase in the production of cereals is due to both price increases and the effectiveness of the marketing system. The liberalization made Mali a cereal exporter in contrast with its former status ten years ago, that of a cereals importer Mali supplies its neighboring countries such as Mauritania, Niger, Burkina Faso, Senegal and Cote d’Ivoire with coarse grains. However, subsidies, rapid urbanization, and changes in the food habits of the urban population threaten Mali’s capacity to remain an exporter. To remain an exporter, Mali should, in the long term, process coarse grains into products conforming to the expectations and food habits of the urban population. Food security remains a major challenge in Mali in spite of the country’s food self sufficiency.
Recommendations on Sampling and Estimation Methodology for Rwanda Agricultural Surveys
Creators: name: Megill, David J.
name: Megill, David J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: food security
subject: food policy
subject: Rwanda
subject: sampling and estimation methodology

description: This report examines issues related to the sample design for the EICV, followed by considerations for selecting a subsample for special follow-on surveys. Recommended estimation procedures for weighting the data and calculating variances are presented.
description: Food Security Research Project (FSRP; Rwanda Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Forestry; U.S. Agency for International Development
Medians and Beyond: New Aggregation Techniques for Sensor Networks
Creators: name: Shrivastava, Nisheeth
name: Buragohain, Chiranjeeb
name: Agrawal, Divyakant
name: Suri, Subhash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Wireless sensor networks offer the potential to span and monitor large geographical areas inexpensively. Sensors, however, have significant power constraint (battery life), making communication very expensive. Another important issue in the context of sensor-based information systems is that individual sensor readings are inherently unreliable. In order to address these two aspects, sensor database systems like TinyDB and Cougar enable in-network data aggregation to reduce the communication cost and improve reliability. The existing data aggregation techniques, however, are limited to relatively simple types of queries such as SUM, COUNT, AVG, and MIN/MAX. In this paper we propose a data aggregation scheme that significantly extends the class of queries that can be answered using sensor networks. These queries include (approximate) quantiles, such as the median, the most frequent data values, such as the consensus value, a histogram of the data distribution, as well as range queries. In our scheme, each sensor aggregates the data it has received from other sensors into a fixed (user specified) size message. We provide strict theoretical guarantees on the approximation quality of the queries in terms of the message size. We evaluate the performance of our aggregation scheme by simulation and demonstrate its accuracy, scalability and low resource utilization for highly variable input data sets.
Breeding dispersal, male mating tactics, and population dynamics of arctic ground squirrels
Creators: name: Gillis, Elizabeth A.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Arctic ground squirrels are the northernmost hibernating mammal and they live in an extremely harsh and unpredictable environment with a short growing season. This environment has the potential to exert strong selection pressure on life-history traits and behaviour. I studied arctic ground squirrels living at high elevation in alpine tundra in Southwest Yukon in order to answer 5 main questions: (1) How do changes in elevation and associated habitat affect demography of arctic ground squirrels? (2) What is the fate of adult males that disappear at very high rates from local populations? (3) What factors are correlated with an individual's probability of death and dispersal?, (4) What factors are correlated with a male's reproductive tactic and success?, and (5) Why do adult males disperse? Female arctic ground squirrels living at high elevation in the alpine had higher reproductive output and survival during the active season, but lower survival over winter, than their counterparts living at lower elevation in the boreal forest. A demographic model indicated that the forest was sink habitat (λ < 1) but that the alpine habitat maintained a ground squirrel population in the absence of immigration (λ ≥ 1). Adult males had two peak periods of disappearance during the active season - late in the mating season, caused by mortality, and around the time of juvenile emergence, caused by dispersal. Age was an important predictor of both mating season and winter survival, with older (≥ 2 years old) males having a lower survival rate than yearlings. Age may also have played a key role in the mating and dispersal tactics of adult males. Older males invested more energy into reproduction than yearlings, and the reasons why yearlings and older males disperse differed. Older males may have dispersed to avoid mating with their daughters, to increase their access to mates, or to increase their access to unrelated mates, but yearlings appeared to disperse for other reasons. I combined the results of my study and previous studies in a conceptual model relating mating tactics, natal and breeding dispersal, and survival in male arctic ground squirrels. This model provides testable hypotheses about casual relationships among variables.
title: Chasing 'Wonders': Textures and Infrastructures of Circular Economies in Cambodia
Creators: name: Lau, Justin
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2025

description: Imagine a world in which sewage can become drinking water, food scraps can end up back on your dinner table as a nutritious meal, waste never ends up in landfill, resources are never exhausted. Such a wondrous world is not far from the future. The circular economy model is designed to realize this vision by eliminating waste, promoting material reuse, and regenerating nature. Chasing 'Wonder' seeks to reimagine the circular economy by exploring what makes this model appealing and what is at stake when such a wondrous world fails to materialize. It argues that circular economies are multiple fantastical projects that are continually being made and remade. Based on year-long multi-sited ethnographic research in Cambodia, this study traces different emerging forms of circular economies, from a black soldier fly farm to a wastewater treatment project. In the absence of reliable waste infrastructure in Cambodia, the circular economy model is increasingly promoted by the government as an alternative waste management solution. In examining how different grassroot initiatives design waste infrastructures to enact circular economies, this study reveals the lives that are inadvertently embroiled in such circular endeavours. Much of the anthropological literature has critically challenged the circular economy model for operating as growth-driven capitalism writ large. What remains under-examined and conceptualized is how certain imaginaries of circular economies take hold and become diverging more-than-human sites of constraints, predicaments, and/or possibilities for different waste actors. Chasing 'Wonder' provides an alternative ethnographic account by charting out these divergences and the varying allures and effects of the ever-transforming circular economies. It offers an innovative contribution by bringing the anthropology of waste into conversation with science and technology studies, feminist new materialisms, and disability studies. Such an approach enables us to re-examine the seemingly wondrous circular economies by foregrounding their textures, inconsistencies, and multi-edged ramifications.
TOOLS AND ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORK TO MAKE DECISIONS IN TURBULENT TIMES
Creators: name: Roucan-Kane, Maud
name: Boehlje, Michael
name: Gray, Allan W.
name: Akridge, Jay T.
name: Roucan-Kane, Maud
name: Boehlje, Michael
name: Gray, Allan W.
name: Akridge, Jay T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: uncertainty
subject: risk
subject: heat mapping
subject: scorecarding
subject: scenario analysis
subject: payoff matrix
subject: decision tree
subject: real option
subject: traps

description: The dramatic changes occurring throughout the agriculture industry are creating an increasingly turbulent business climate for the sector. The objective of this paper is to present a methodology to understand, assess, evaluate, and manage uncertainty. Five methods are discussed: scenario analysis, scorecarding and heat mapping, payoff matrix, decision tree, and options portfolio mapping. Scenario analysis can help identify the alternative futures that may unfold. Scorecarding and heat mapping assessment tools can be used to assess and map the uncertainties, and decide which uncertainties the company should capitalize on and which projects could be pursued to exploit those uncertainties. Payoff matrices and decision trees (using real option valuation) analysis tools can then help make a decision on which project to pursue. Finally, these projects cannot be evaluated in a vacuum. Mapping the portfolio of projects is necessary to make sure the company diversifies the risk. This paper includes an illustration of the methodology by applying the tools to a real life example that has been tested in several executive agribusiness educational workshops. A list of psychological traps to avoid and be mindful of when making decisions in an uncertain environment is also discussed.
Slack Reactants: A State-Space Truncation Framework to Estimate Quantitative Behavior of the Chemical Master Equation
Creators: name: Kim, Jinsu
name: Dark, Jason
name: Enciso, German
name: Sindi, Suzanne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: G.3
subject: 60J22, 60J27, 60J28, 92-08, 92B05, 92B20

description: State space truncation methods are widely used to approximate solutions of the chemical master equation. While most methods of this kind focus on truncating the state space directly, in this work we propose modifying the underlying chemical reaction network by introducing \emph{slack reactants} that indirectly truncate the state space. More specifically, slack reactants introduce an expanded chemical reaction network and impose a truncation scheme based on user defined properties, such as mass-conservation. This network structure allows us to prove inheritance of special properties of the original model, such as irreducibility and complex balancing. We use the network structure imposed by slack reactants to prove the convergence of the stationary distribution and first arrival times. We then provide examples comparing our method with the stationary finite state projection and finite buffer methods. Our slack reactant system appears to be more robust than some competing methods with respect to calculating first arrival times.
description: 29 pages, 5 Figures
Mitigation of LEO Satellite Brightness and Trail Effects on the Rubin Observatory LSST
Creators: name: Tyson, J. Anthony
name: Ivezić, Željko
name: Bradshaw, Andrew
name: Rawls, Meredith L.
name: Xin, Bo
name: Yoachim, Peter
name: Parejko, John
name: Greene, Jared
name: Sholl, Michael
name: Abbott, Timothy M. C.
name: Polin, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report studies on the mitigation of optical effects of bright low-Earth-orbit (LEO) satellites on Vera C. Rubin Observatory and its Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST). These include options for pointing the telescope to avoid satellites, laboratory investigations of bright trails on the Rubin Observatory LSST camera sensors, algorithms for correcting image artifacts caused by bright trails, experiments on darkening SpaceX Starlink satellites, and ground-based follow-up observations. The original Starlink v0.9 satellites are g ~ 4.5 mag, and the initial experiment "DarkSat" is g ~ 6.1 mag. Future Starlink darkening plans may reach g ~ 7 mag, a brightness level that enables nonlinear image artifact correction to well below background noise. However, the satellite trails will still exist at a signal-to-noise ratio ~ 100, generating systematic errors that may impact data analysis and limit some science. For the Rubin Observatory 8.4-m mirror and a satellite at 550 km, the full width at half maximum of the trail is about 3" as the result of an out-of-focus effect, which helps avoid saturation by decreasing the peak surface brightness of the trail. For 48,000 LEOsats of apparent magnitude 4.5, about 1% of pixels in LSST nautical twilight images would need to be masked.
description: Originally 16 pages, 11 figures, submitted to AAS Journals. Revised to 18 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in AJ; v2 addresses referee comments with revised figures, text updates, and additional references. Finally 17 pages, 12 figures, published in AJ; v3 includes final proofing edits and updated metadata
Pasture-Based Dairy Systems: Who Are the Producers and Are Their Operations More Profitable than Conventional Dairies?
Creators: name: Gillespie, Jeffrey M.
name: Nehring, Richard F.
name: Hallahan, Charles B.
name: Sandretto, Carmen L.
name: Gillespie, Jeffrey M.
name: Nehring, Richard F.
name: Hallahan, Charles B.
name: Sandretto, Carmen L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: dairy farm size
subject: grazing
subject: pasture-based dairying

description: U.S. dairy operations are sorted via a multinomial logit model into three production systems - pasture-based, semi-pasture-based, and conventional. Region, farm size, financial situation, and production intensity measures impact system choice. Analysis follows to determine the impact of production system on enterprise profitability. Region, farm size, and demographic variables impact profitability, as does system choice - semi-pasture-based operations were less profitable than conventional operations on an enterprise, per hundredweight of milk produced basis. Significant differences were not found in the profitability of pasture-based operations versus those using other systems.
The Impact of Weather Extremes on Agricultural Production Methods: Does Drought Increase Adoption of Conservation Tillage Practices?
Creators: name: Ding, Ya
name: Schoengold, Karina
name: Tadesse, Tsegaye
name: Ding, Ya
name: Schoengold, Karina
name: Tadesse, Tsegaye
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: conservation tillage
subject: drought
subject: panel data
subject: technology adoption
subject: weather extremes

description: The paper combines panel data techniques with spatial analysis to measure the impact of extreme weather events on the adoption of conservation tillage. Zellner’s SUR technique is extended to spatial panel data to correct for cross-sectional heterogeneity, spatial autocorrelation, and contemporaneous correlation. Panel data allow the identification of differences in adoption rates. The adoption of no-till, other conservation tillage, and reduced-till are estimated relative to conventional tillage. Extremely dry conditions in recent years increase the adoption of other conservation tillage practices, while spring floods in the year of production reduce the use of no-till practices.
Biofuels: Political/Economic Boondoggle or Energy Salvation for Western States?
Creators: name: Young, Douglas L.
name: Young, Douglas L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: biodiesel
subject: bioenergy research
subject: biofuels
subject: biofuel bankruptcies
subject: biofuel feedstocks
subject: biofuel incentives
subject: corn ethanol
subject: western United States

description: Nearly all western states lack comparative advantages for producing corn for ethanol and oilseeds for biodiesel. Despite this disadvantage, most western states have legislated incentives for production of biofuels. Unfavorable changes in price relationships, high transportation costs for imported feedstocks, and tight credit markets in 2008 and 2009 led to bankruptcies and plant closures at a disproportionate rate in the western biofuel industry. Policy makers in western states are advised to fund research and development for bioenergy and biofuel feedstocks in which they have a comparative advantage. These include forestry by-products, food processing and crop residues, and livestock wastes.
Leadership Development in Agricultural Economics: Challenges for Academic Units
Creators: name: Boland, Michael A.
name: Boland, Michael A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: academic units
subject: agricultural economics
subject: leadership
subject: Western Agricultural Economics Association

description: Crafting and executing strategy are key tasks to be carried out by a manager of an enterprise. Unit leaders are managers of an academic enterprise called a department. The objective of this paper is to provide an overview of information collected from interviews with unit leaders of departments of agricultural economics and discuss challenges being faced by these unit leaders in March 2009.
High-temperature oxidation of silicon carbide composites for nuclear applications
Creators: name: Steinbrück, M.
name: Große, M.
name: Stegmaier, U.
name: Braun, J.
name: Lorrette, C.
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2021

description: Three oxidation experiments at very high temperatures in steam atmosphere were conducted with advanced, nuclear grade SiCf/SiC CMC cladding tube segments. One transient experiment was carried out until local failure of the sample at maximum temperature of approximately 1845°C. The failure was caused by complete consumption of the external CVD-SiC seal-coat resulting in steam access to the fibre-matrix composite with less corrosion resistance. Approaching these very high temperatures was accompanied by accelerated gas release mainly of H2 and CO2, formation of surface bubbles and white smoke. Two isothermal tests lasting 1 hour at 1700°C in steam with final flooding with water were run under nominally identical conditions. Both samples survived the tests without any macroscopic degradation. The mechanical performance of such quenched clad segments was not significantly affected with the maintenance of high capability to tolerate damages. Despite these harsh conditions of exposure, the SiC fibre-matrix load transfer remains efficient to provide ability to the composites to accommodate the deformation.
Machine Learning techniques and visualization tools for STM images at CNR-IOM labs
Creators: name: Rodani, Tommaso
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: STM FAIR TriDAS

description: This thesis reports the activities carried out on a scientific archive of scanning tunneling microscopy images with the objective of organizing it in a more structured and convenient dataset. The work, performed in strict cooperation with scientists, is framed within the urgent and relevant issue of a correct data management approach in the scientific research activity. The solutions developed in this thesis are designed around the European Commission guidelines on research data management, which follow a concise set of principles, known as the FAIR Data Principles. The problem was addressed using different tools and techniques, addressing several shortcomings of the original dataset, meeting the needs of the data producers from one side, and giving the dataset a broader audience perspective on the other. In particular, the achievements of this work involve the creation of a database to store the scientific images metadata and the development of a web service to visually explore these metadata through interactive tools. Moreover, an analysis of the images and their representation led to the implementation of a novel technique to automatically detect and solve a particular type of image artifact. Finally, the focus of this thesis was dedicated to the development of a workflow for the labeling of the images based on the material composition of the measured samples. This goal was achieved using machine learning techniques, such as feature learning, to retrieve relevant images to help researchers in the manual labeling process. The complete source code used to reach the objectives of this thesis is open-source and publicly accessible . The thesis is organized as follows: chapter one shortly introduces the problem of scientific data management, frames the specific challenges faced in this work within the data management activities of CNR-IOM, and illustrates the necessary technical elements of STM images. The second chapter introduces the original dataset, deii scribes the development steps of the metadata database creation, and discusses the enhancements made to improve researchers interaction with this new service. The third chapter illustrates the metadata web service and its integration in the Trieste Advance Data service (TriDAS) website, with particular attention to the metadata selection process and the further platform development. Chapter four describes the representation and common artifacts of images, presenting an original solution for one of them. It also describes the method of image labeling implemented together with the research group itself. Finally, chapter five draws some conclusions and then highlights some possible additional steps that can be performed on the dataset.
ATTACKS ON SAR IMAGE MODELS
Creators: name: Sego, Robert Thomas
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 460304
subject: Computer vision
classificationCode: 460306
subject: Image processing
classificationCode: 400607
subject: Signal processing

description: The training and testing of synthetic aperture radar image classifiers and segmentation models, and an investigation into applying electro-optical image model attack techniques to SAR models, such as additive Gaussian noise, splicing, the fast gradient sign method, and adversarial transform networks.
Supplemental Table S1 and References from A physiological profile approach to animal temperament to understand the evolution and functional significance of individual differences in behaviour
Creators: name: McMahon, Elyse K.
name: Youatt, Elizabeth
name: Cavigelli, Sonia A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: The supplemental table and references includes information from all papers retrieved from the literature search, and used to population Table 1 of the manuscript titled: "A physiological profile approach to animal temperament to understand the evolution and functional significance of individual differences in behaviour" (DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2021.2379)
THE “STOCK AND FLOW” APPROACH TO THE GOVERNANCE OF SELF-SUSTAINABLE RURAL SYSTEMS
Creators: name: Pancino, Barbara
name: Bonaiuti, M.
name: Franco, Silvio
name: Pancino, Barbara
name: Bonaiuti, M.
name: Franco, Silvio
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Public Economics
subject: Ecological economics
subject: Stock and flow
subject: Ecological footprint

description: The aim of this study is to present the “stock and flow” model - based on the Georgescu-Roegen bio economic paradigm and on the ecological economics principles - in a regional key and to discuss the implications of such an approach on the local system governance in order to guarantee a long term economic, social and environmental self-sustainability. These theories give a dynamic characteristic to this approach, by interconnecting the production process (supply) with the responsibilities of the welfare generation (demand). Starting from this theoretical model, it is possible to look at the integrating modes of production and consumption processes at a local scale that consent to guide a rural system towards conditions of sustainability. This perspective of rural system governance imposes the relocation of the control of resources (stock) to a local level and, therefore, a deep change in the idea of the politic procedures.
HUMAN CAPITAL AND SUSTAINABILITY OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Creators: name: Milanovic, Milan
name: Dorovic, Milutin
name: Stevanovic, Simo
name: Milanovic, Milan
name: Dorovic, Milutin
name: Stevanovic, Simo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Resources
subject: Capital substitution
subject: Role of science
subject: Sustainability of development

description: The strategies and policies of agricultural and rural development, within the overall long-term area development, traditionally lean on natural-resource capital and certain differential-rent advantages. New dimensions of the agricultural and rural multifunctionality of areas in the zones of large industrial and urban agglomerations and the inevitable processes of degradation of natural capital, stress the role of science in the process of sustaining the level of overall production potential. This presumes a certain degree of substitution of natural capital with human, primarily intellectual capital. This is the basis for considering the creating possibilities and transfer methods for new scientific knowledge, in the function of reaching a strategic developmental goal – long-term sustainability of the agricultural and rural development of a certain agroecological or economic- geographical region.
Characters for Projective Modules in the BGG Category $\mathcal{O}$ for the Orthosymplectic Lie Superalgebra $\mathfrak{osp}(3|4)$
Creators: name: Kannan, Arun S.
name: Zhu, Honglin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We determine the Verma multiplicities of standard filtrations of projective modules for integral atypical blocks in the BGG category $\mathcal{O}$ for the orthosymplectic Lie superalgebras $\mathfrak{osp}(3|4)$ by way of translation functors. We then explicitly determine the composition factor multiplicities of Verma modules using BGG reciprocity.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1810.13050
Additional file 1 of ZNF322A-mediated protein phosphorylation induces autophagosome formation through modulation of IRS1-AKT glucose uptake and HSP-elicited UPR in lung cancer
Creators: name: Cheung, Chantal Hoi Yin
name: Chia-Lang Hsu
name: Tsai-Yu Lin
name: Chen, Wei-Ting
name: Yi-Ching Wang
name: Hsuan-Cheng Huang
name: Juan, Hsueh-Fen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. mRNA and protein expressions of ZNF322A in ZNF322A silenced A549 lung cancer cells. Figure S2. Distribution of phosphorylated site ratios. Figure S3. Snapshot of the ChIP-seq binding profile of ZNF322A at IRS1 gene in lung cancer cell. Figure S4. Analysis of protein-phosphoprotein-kinase interactions in ZNF322A silenced A549 lung cancer cells. Figure S5. IRS1S1101 and HSP27S82 phosphorylation in ZNF322A silenced H1299 lung cancer.