cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
P-STAR-MODEL BASED ANALYSIS OF INFLATION DYNAMICS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC
Creators: name: Frait, Jan
name: Komarek, Lubos
name: Kulhanek, Lumir
name: Frait, Jan
name: Komarek, Lubos
name: Kulhanek, Lumir
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: International Development
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: The paper presents a version of the P* model of inflation dynamics for a small open economy and applies it to the Czech economy time series from the period of 1991-1999. The paper is organised as follows. Section 2 presents a brief discussion of the monetary policy indicators issue. Section 3 describes the logics of the P* model. Section 4 explains the extension of the basic model to the case of a small open economy. Section 5 applies the model to the Czech economy data and presents the estimates of the Czech inflation dynamics determination. The results of the estimates suggest that the dynamics of the Czech inflation evolves in line with a P* model logic: the inflation in the current period changes to close the price gap, i.e. the gap between actual and equilibrium price level. The foreign component of the price gap seems to be more important than domestic component which supports the hypothesis that the equilibrium price level in the Czech Republic is to a large extent determined by the monetary policy in the EU via the explicit or implicit peg of the Czech currency exchange rate to EUR. The overall results show that the inflation in the Czech Republic is primarily a monetary phenomenon.
Renegotiation of Social Contracts by Majority Rule
Creators: name: Anderberg, Dan
name: Perroni, Carlo
name: Anderberg, Dan
name: Perroni, Carlo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: Social Insurance
subject: Education
subject: Redistribution
subject: Policy Commitment

description: We consider renegotiation of social earnings insurance arrangements by majority voting in an economy where ex-ante identical individuals make unobservable private investments in education. We show that voting-based renegotiation can result in a higher expected level of investment in comparison to the case where social insurance is determined by an appointed social planner. We also ¯nd that, with voting-based renegotiation, the availability of costly ex-post information about private investment can help overcome commitment problems. These findings call into question the practice of using a representative-consumer approach when modelling dynamic policy problems in large economies.
Exactly Thermalised Quantum Dynamics of the Spin-Boson Model coupled to a Dissipative Environment
Creators: name: Lane, M. A.
name: Matos, D.
name: Ford, I. J.
name: Kantorovich, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an application of the Extended Stochastic Liouville-von Neumann equations (ESLN) method introduced earlier [PRB 95, 125124 (2017); PRB 97, 224310 (2018)] which describes the dynamics of an exactly thermalised open quantum system reduced density matrix coupled to a non-Markovian harmonic environment. Critically, the combined system of the open system fully coupled to its environment is thermalised at finite temperature using an imaginary time evolution procedure before the application of real time evolution. This initialises the combined system in the correct canonical equilibrium state rather than being initially decoupled. We apply our theory to the spin-boson Hamiltonian and develop a number of competing ESLN variants designed to reduce the numerical divergence of the trace of the open system density matrix. We find that a careful choice of the driving noises is essential for improving numerical stability. We also investigate the effect of applying higher order numerical schemes for solving stochastic differential equations, such as the Stratonovich-Heun scheme, and conclude that stochastic sampling dominates convergence with the improvement associated with the numerical scheme being less important for short times but required for late times. To verify the method and its numerical implementation, we consider evolution under a fixed Hamiltonian and show that the system either remains in, or approaches, the correct canonical equilibrium state at long times. Additionally, evolution of the open system under non-equilibrium Landau-Zener (LZ) driving is considered and the asymptotic convergence to the LZ limit was observed for vanishing system-environment coupling and temperature. When coupling and temperature are non-zero, initially thermalising the combined system at a finite time in the past was found to be a better approximation of the true LZ initial state than a pure state.
Tax Competition and Tax Co-Ordination Under Destination and Origin Principles: A Synthesis
Creators: name: Lockwood, Ben
name: Lockwood, Ben
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Financial Economics
subject: tax competition
subject: tax reform
subject: destination and origin principles

description: This paper proposes a general framework for analysing commodity tax competition under destination and origin principles, based on three possible tax spillovers, the consumer price spillover, the producer price/terms of trade spillover, and rent spillovers. A model is presented which can be extended to accommodate all three spillovers. Using this model, many of the results in the existing literature can be derived, compared, and extended.
Differential response of the retinal neural code with respect to the sparseness of natural images
Creators: name: Ravello, Cesar
name: Escobar, Maria-José
name: Palacios, Adrián G
name: Perrinet, Laurent U
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: motion clouds
Sparseness

description: Natural images follow statistics inherited by the structure of our physical (visual) environment. In particular, a prominent facet of this structure is that images can be described by a relatively sparse number of features. To investigate the role of this sparseness in the efficiency of the neural code, we designed a new class of random textured stimuli with a controlled sparseness value inspired by measurements of natural images. Then, we tested the impact of this sparseness parameter on the firing pattern observed in a population of retinal ganglion cells recorded ex vivo in the retina of a rodent, the Octodon degus. These recordings showed in particular that the reliability of spike timings varies with respect to the sparseness with globally a similar trend than the distribution of sparseness statistics observed in natural images. These results suggest that the code represented in the spike pattern of ganglion cells may adapt to this aspect of the statistics of natural images. https://laurentperrinet.github.io/publication/ravello-16-droplets/
Are People Willing to Pay to Reduce Others’ Incomes?
Creators: name: Zizzo, Daniel John
name: Oswald, Andrew
name: Zizzo, Daniel John
name: Oswald, Andrew
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Financial Economics
Labor and Human Capital

description: This paper studies utility interdependence in the laboratory. We design an experiment where subjects can reduce (“burn”) other subjects’ money. Those who burn the money of others have to give up some of their own cash. Despite this cost, and contrary to the assumptions of economics textbooks, the majority of our subjects choose to destroy at least part of others’ money holdings. We vary experimentally the amount that subjects have to pay to reduce other people’s cash. The implied price elasticity of burning is calculated; it is mostly less than unity. There is a strong correlation between wealth, or rank, and the amounts by which subjects are burnt. In making their decisions, many burners, especially disadvantaged ones, seem to care about whether another person ‘deserves’ the money he has. Desert is not simply a matter of relative payoff.
Schizotricha unifurcata Allman 1883
Creators: name: Peña Cantero, A. L.
name: Vervoort, W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Hydrozoa
Leptothecata
Halopterididae
Schizotricha
Schizotricha unifurcata

description: Schizotricha unifurcata Allman, 1883
 Schizotricha unifurcata: Peña Cantero and Vervoort 1999, p 372 –373 (synonymy).
 Material examined. 601/008, two incipient stems 25 and 20 mm high, and one distal stem fragment ca 30 mm long (USNM 1025620; RMNH-Coel. 30959).
 Diagnosis. Colonies with branched stems. Main cauline tube with single hydrothecate internodes with two or three infrathecal nematothecae. Hydrocladia up to seventh order recorded. Hydrocladia heteromerously divided into internodes; with ahydrothecate internode, provided with two nematothecae, following cauline and hydrocladial apophyses. Unforked hydrocladial internodes with a single infrathecal nematotheca. Hydrotheca deep. Forked hydrocladial internodes with two to four infrathecal nematothecae.
 Remarks. The material studied, composed of juvenile stems, is unbranched. The unforked hydrocladial internodes are provided with a single infrathecal nematotheca, though a second infrathecal nematotheca may be present in the two basalmost unforked hydrocladial internodes.
 Ecology and distribution. Schizotricha unifurcata is a eurybathic species (Peña Cantero and Vervoort 1999). It has been collected at depths from 15 (Millard 1977) to 567 m (Stechow 1925) on muddy bottoms (Allman 1883); our present material comes from depths of 142– 160 m. Colonies with gonothecae were collected in January (Allman 1883), February (Peña Cantero et al. 1996), April (Millard 1977), and November (Stechow 1925).
 Schizotricha unifurcata has an Antarctic-Kerguélen distribution (Peña Cantero 1998). In sub-Antarctic waters, it has been reported from off Kerguélen (Allman 1883; Naumov and Stepan’yants 1962; Millard 1977) and off Heard and McDonald Islands (Millard 1977). In Antarctic waters it has been found off Bouvet Island (Stechow 1925), at the limits of the Antarctic region, off Adélie Coast (Naumov and Stepan’yants 1972), in East Antarctica, and in the eastern part of the Weddell Sea (Peña Cantero et al. 1996). The present material was obtained off Shag Rocks in the South Georgia area, West Antarctica.
description: Published as part of Peña Cantero, A. L. & Vervoort, W., 2005, Species of Schizotricha Allman, 1883 (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Halopterididae) from US Antarctic expeditions with the description of two new species, pp. 795-818 in Journal of Natural History 39 (11) on page 814, DOI: 10.1080/00222930400001541, http://zenodo.org/record/4657775
The Assignment of Powers in Federal and Unitary States
Creators: name: Lockwood, Ben
name: Lockwood, Ben
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Political Economy
subject: decentralisation
subject: referenda
subject: federal and unitary states.

description: This paper studies a model where the power to set policy (a choice of project) may be assigned to central or regional government via either a federal or unitary referendum (constitutional rule, CR). The bene…t of central provision is an economy of scale, while the cost is political ine¢- ciency. The relationship between federal and unitary CRs is characterized in the asymptotic case as the number of regions becomes large, under the assumption that the median project bene…t in any region is a random draw from a …xed distribution, G: Under some symmetry assumptions, the relationship depends only on the shape of G; not on how willingnesses to pay are distributed within regions. The relationship to Cremer and Palfrey’s (1996) “principle of aggregation” is established. Asymptotic results on the e¢ciency of the two CRs are also proved.
Distributional Reinforcement Learning with Ensembles
Creators: name: Lindenberg, Björn
name: Nordqvist, Jonas
name: Lindahl, Karl-Olof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.11; I.2.8

description: It is well known that ensemble methods often provide enhanced performance in reinforcement learning. In this paper, we explore this concept further by using group-aided training within the distributional reinforcement learning paradigm. Specifically, we propose an extension to categorical reinforcement learning, where distributional learning targets are implicitly based on the total information gathered by an ensemble. We empirically show that this may lead to much more robust initial learning, a stronger individual performance level, and good efficiency on a per-sample basis.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures
Magnetorotational instability in stratified, weakly ionised accretion discs
Creators: name: Salmeron, Raquel
name: Wardle, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a linear analysis of the vertical structure and growth of the magnetorotational instability in stratified, weakly ionised accretion discs, such as protostellar and quiescent dwarf novae systems. The method includes the effects of the magnetic coupling, the conductivity regime of the fluid and the strength of the magnetic field, which is initially vertical. The conductivity is treated as a tensor and assumed constant with height. We obtained solutions for the structure and growth rate of global unstable modes for different conductivity regimes, strengths of the initial magnetic field and coupling between ionised and neutral components of the fluid. The envelopes of short-wavelenght perturbations are determined by the action of competing local growth rates at different heights, driven by the vertical stratification of the disc. Ambipolar diffusion perturbations peak consistently higher above the midplane than modes including Hall conductivity. For weak coupling, perturbations including the Hall effect grow faster and act over a more extended cross-section of the disc than those obtained using the ambipolar diffusion approximation. Finally, we derived an approximate criterion for when Hall diffusion determines the growth of the magnetorotational instability. This is satisfied over a wide range of radii in protostellar discs, reducing the extent of the magnetic `dead zone'. Even if the magnetic coupling is weak, significant accretion may occur close to the midplane, rather than in the surface regions of weakly-ionised discs.
description: 19 pages, 13 figures, 3 tables. To appear in MNRAS
Piezoelectric Electron-Phonon Interaction from Ab Initio Dynamical Quadrupoles: Impact on Charge Transport in Wurtzite GaN
Creators: name: Jhalani, Vatsal A.
name: Zhou, Jin-Jian
name: Park, Jinsoo
name: Dreyer, Cyrus E.
name: Bernardi, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: First-principles calculations of $e$-ph interactions are becoming a pillar of electronic structure theory. However, the current approach is incomplete. The piezoelectric (PE) $e$-ph interaction, a long-range scattering mechanism due to acoustic phonons in non-centrosymmetric polar materials, is not accurately described at present. Current calculations include short-range $e$-ph interactions (obtained by interpolation) and the dipole-like Fröhlich long-range coupling in polar materials, but lack important quadrupole effects for acoustic modes and PE materials. Here we derive and compute the long-range $e$-ph interaction due to dynamical quadrupoles, and apply this framework to investigate $e$-ph interactions and the carrier mobility in the PE material wurtzite GaN. We show that the quadrupole contribution is essential to obtain accurate $e$-ph matrix elements for acoustic modes and to compute PE scattering. Our work resolves the outstanding problem of correctly computing $e$-ph interactions for acoustic modes from first principles, and enables studies of $e$-ph coupling and charge transport in PE materials.
Supplementary Material for Pfizer’s COVID-19 modRNA Vaccine Pipeline
Creators: name: Fadel, Suki
Publisher: name: Pfizer
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 329999
subject: Other biomedical and clinical sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Congress materials may include information for investigational products or for which the product is not approved and/or inconsistent with the product uses described in the Prescribing Information. Regulatory approval of investigational products or uses is dependent on the completion of the study programs and review by regulatory authorities. Pfizer does not suggest or recommend the use of Pfizer Products in any manner other than as described in the Prescribing Information. The clinical trial information is available at www.clinicaltrials.gov. This information is current as of February 2025.
Green and Producer Lobbies: Enemies or Allies
Creators: name: Conconi, Paola
name: Conconi, Paola
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Political Economy
subject: Transboundary Pollution
subject: International Trade
subject: Political Contributions

description: In this paper we employ a common agency model to study the role of green and producer lobbies in the determination of trade and environmental policies. We focus on two large countries that are linked by trade ‡ows and transboundary pollution externalities. We show that the nature of the relationship between lobbies and the relative e¢ciency of unilateral and cooperative policy outcomes depend crucially on three factors: the type of policy regime, whether governments act unilaterally or cooperatively, and the extent of the ‘pollution leakages’.
Anillidris Santschi 1936
Creators: name: Ulysséa, Mônica Antunes
name: Prado, Lívia Pires do
name: Brandão, Carlos Roberto Ferreira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Anillidris

description: Genus Anillidris Santschi, 1936a:414
 Anillidris bruchi Santschi, 1936a:414. Typus[Syntypes]: 3W, ARG[ENTINA], Missiones Est., Exp. Loreto, 09.ix.[1]933[original publication says 1934], Dr. A.A. Oglobin [leg.]. Combination in Linepithema by Kempf, 1972:135; in Anillidris by Shattuck, 1994:3. Comment: The MZSP ant collection has one gyne and one male labeled as “cotypes”; as these specimens were not mentioned at the original publication we do not consider them as types.
description: Published as part of Ulysséa, Mônica Antunes, Prado, Lívia Pires do & Brandão, Carlos Roberto Ferreira, 2017, Catalogue of the Dolichoderinae, Formicinae and Martialinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) types deposited at the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil, pp. 295-311 in Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (São Paulo) (São Paulo) 57 (23) on page 298, DOI: 10.11606/0031-1049.2017.57.23, http://zenodo.org/record/4656743
Structural and magnetic properties of MSr2Y1.5Ce0.5Cu2Oz (M-1222) compounds with M = Fe and Co
Creators: name: Awana, V. P. S.
name: Gupta, Anurag
name: Kishan, H.
name: Malik, S. K.
name: Yelon, W. B.
name: Linden, J.
name: Karppinen, M.
name: Yamauchi, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: MSr2Y1.5Ce0.5Cu2Oz (M-1222) compounds, with M = Fe and Co, have been synthesized through a solid-state reaction route. Both compounds crystallize in a tetragonal structure (space group I4/mmm). A Rietveld structural refinement of room-temperature neutron diffraction data for Fe-1222 reveals that nearly half the Fe remains at the M site, while the other half goes to the Cu site in the CuO2 planes. Existence of Fe at two different lattice sites, is also confirmed by 57Fe Mossbauer spectroscopy from which it is inferred that nearly 50% of the total Fe occupies the Cu site in the CuO2 planes as Fe3+, whereas the other 50 % is located at the M site with nearly 40 % as Fe4+ and around 10% as Fe3+. For the M = Co compound, nearly 84 % of Co remains at its designated M site, while the rest occupies the Cu site in the CuO2 planes. The oxygen content, z, based on oxygen occupancies refined from the neutron diffraction data, comes close to 9.0 for both the samples The ZFC and FC magnetization curves as a function of temperature show a complex behavior for both Fe-1222 and Co-1222 compounds.
description: MMM Inter mag Proceedings, accepted in J. Appl. Phys
Additional file 1 of Fake news propagates differently from real news even at early stages of spreading
Creators: name: Zilong Zhao
name: Jichang Zhao
name: Sano, Yukie
name: Orr Levy
name: Takayasu, Hideki
name: Takayasu, Misako
name: Daqing Li
name: Junjie Wu
name: Havlin, Shlomo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Supplementary Information (DOCX 1.3 MB)
STANNIS: Low-Power Acceleration of Deep Neural Network Training Using Computational Storage
Creators: name: HeydariGorji, Ali
name: Torabzadehkashi, Mahdi
name: Rezaei, Siavash
name: Bobarshad, Hossein
name: Alves, Vladimir
name: Chou, Pai H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper proposes a framework for distributed, in-storage training of neural networks on clusters of computational storage devices. Such devices not only contain hardware accelerators but also eliminate data movement between the host and storage, resulting in both improved performance and power savings. More importantly, this in-storage processing style of training ensures that private data never leaves the storage while fully controlling the sharing of public data. Experimental results show up to 2.7x speedup and 69% reduction in energy consumption and no significant loss in accuracy.
Semistability of certain bundles on a quintic Calabi-Yau threefold
Creators: name: Brambilla, Maria Chiara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J32, 14J60, 14J81

description: In the paper ``Chirality change in string theory'', by Douglas and Zhou, the authors give a list of bundles on a quintic Calabi-Yau threefold. Here we prove the semistability of most of these bundles. This provides examples of string theory compactifications which have a different number of generations and can be connected.
Beurling-Selberg Extremization and Modular Bootstrap at High Energies
Creators: name: Mukhametzhanov, Baur
name: Pal, Sridip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider previously derived upper and lower bounds on the number of operators in a window of scaling dimensions $[Δ- δ,Δ+ δ]$ at asymptotically large $Δ$ in 2d unitary modular invariant CFTs. These bounds depend on a choice of functions that majorize and minorize the characteristic function of the interval $[Δ- δ,Δ+ δ]$ and have Fourier transforms of finite support. The optimization of the bounds over this choice turns out to be exactly the Beurling-Selberg extremization problem, widely known in analytic number theory. We review solutions of this problem and present the corresponding bounds on the number of operators for any $δ\geq 0$. When $2δ\in \mathbb Z_{\geq 0}$ the bounds are saturated by known partition functions with integer-spaced spectra. Similar results apply to operators of fixed spin and Virasoro primaries in $c>1$ theories.
description: 28 pages, 3 figures; section on Virasoro primaries is added, typos fixed
Trade Bloc Formation Under Imperfect Competition
Creators: name: Conconi, Paola
name: Conconi, Paola
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Imperfect Competition
subject: Trade Negotiation

description: We examine the endogenous formation of trade blocs when markets are characterized by imperfect competition and governments use import tari¤s and export subsidies to alter the strategic interaction between oligopolistic …rms. Using a simple model of intra-industry trade between three ex-ante symmetric countries, we …nd that, while ‘pure’ customs unions—entailing tari¤ cooperation only—are stepping stones towards global free trade, ‘impure’ customs unions— involving the coordinated use of both tari¤s and subsidies—are stumbling blocs against it. Our analysis suggests that an international ban on export subsidies could help to sustain global free trade
Underwater pulsed pressure sources
Creators: name: Frost, Thanasi
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 401799
subject: Mechanical engineering not elsewhere classified

description: Pulsed power technology is an area of continuing interest for physicists and engineers in the domain requiring high voltage and current. Modern pulsed power originates from historical roots in pulsed radar technology during World War II and the X-ray generation for nuclear weapons diagnosis and simulations [1]. However, new pulsed power applications are continuing to emerge even today. This Thesis will demonstrate novel research in the pulsed power domain, explicitly focusing on pulsed pressure sources from underwater plasma discharge or exploding wires. [...]
The Dummies’ Guide to Lottery Design
Creators: name: Walker, Ian
name: Young, Juliet
name: Walker, Ian
name: Young, Juliet
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Financial Economics

description: This paper outlines the issues relevant to the operation of lottery games: it attempts to put some science into the art of lottery design. Our research suggests that lottery tickets sales depend positively on: the average return (i.e the proportion of revenue returned as prizes) because punters like better bets; the skewness in the prize distribution (e.g how much of the prize money goes to the jackpot) and we find that the more the better; and negatively on the variance in the prize distribution (which is a measure of the riskiness of the return – so the less the better). The sizes of these effects are important: our statistics suggest that the effect of the mean is small, as is the effect of the skewness, while the (negative) variance effect is quite important. The work suggests that good causes revenue might be higher if: the game were meaner (less of the stakes used as prize money) because, although sales would fall a little, the good causes would getter a larger share of the smaller revenue; more of the prize money was used for the jackpot, or the variance in the expected prizes were reduced. BUT, in practice, it is difficult to change one aspect of the design of the game without having a counterveiling effect on another aspect. Thus, it is difficult to make judgements about the merits of alternative game designs without looking at ALL of the parameters being proposed. However, the research suggests that there is no obvious case for not increasing the take-out (the revenue that is not returned as prizes) if the current game design is kept. If the game were changed to make the odds longer then our research suggests that other parameters of the design of the game may have to be changed to stop sales falling. While we feel that there should be a lottery (because people enjoy playing and it does little harm), we also feel that lotteries are not good vehicles for taxation because they are a larger part of the spending of the poor than the rich. Moreover, we find no compelling empirical evidence to suggest that there is any merit in having much of the take-out dedicated to good-causes – hypothecation is bad for sound investment decision-making, the best causes are already the recipients of taxpayer largesse, and adding lottery funds to these causes simply displaces Treasury dollars. That is not to say that (some, perhaps most) of the good causes are deserving – rather that they should be funded in some other way. Finally, the current “beauty contest” process of choosing an operator is fraught with risk (for the Commissioners but not the bidders) and we suggest that, if the aim is to raise good causes funds, then the license should be auctioned.
Heterogeneities in systems with quenched disorder
Creators: name: Vainstein, Mendeli H.
name: Stariolo, Daniel A.
name: Arenzon, Jeferson J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the strong role played by structural (quenched) heterogeneities on static and dynamic properties of the Frustrated Ising Lattice Gas in two dimensions, already in the liquid phase. Differently from the dynamical heterogeneities observed in other glass models in this case they may have infinite lifetime and be spatially pinned by the quenched disorder. We consider a measure of local frustration, show how it induces the appearance of spatial heterogeneities and how this reflects in the observed behavior of equilibrium density distributions and dynamic correlation functions.
description: 8 pages
Amiota (Amiota) pengi Chen and Toda
Creators: name: Chen, Hong-Wei
name: Watabe, Hide-Aki
name: Gao, Jian-Jun
name: Takamori, Hisaki
name: Zhang, Ya-Ping
name: Aotsuka, Tadashi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Drosophilidae
Amiota
Amiota pengi

description: Amiota (Amiota) pengi Chen and Toda
 Amiota (Amiota) pengi Chen and Toda, 1998b: 413; 2001: 1527.
 Specimens examined. China: paratypes, 6 „, Jianfeng, Hainan Is, 21 Sepember 1993, M. J. Toda leg. (SEHU).
 Distribution. China (Hainan Is).
description: Published as part of Chen, Hong-Wei, Watabe, Hide-Aki, Gao, Jian-Jun, Takamori, Hisaki, Zhang, Ya-Ping & Aotsuka, Tadashi, 2005, Species diversity of the subgenus Amiota (s. str.) Loew, 1862 (Diptera, Drosophilidae) in southern China, pp. 265-310 in Journal of Natural History 39 (3) on page 270, DOI: 10.1080/00222930310001657883, http://zenodo.org/record/4657896
The bound state Aharonov-Bohm effect around a cosmic string revisited
Creators: name: Filgueiras, C.
name: Moraes, Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we observe that the self-adjoint extension of the Hamiltonian of a particle moving around a shielded cosmic string gives rise to a gravitational analogue of the bound state Aharonov-Bohm effect.
description: 2 pages, no figures
Machine learning for buildings characterization and power-law recovery of urban metrics
Creators: name: Krayem, Alaa
name: Yeretzian, Aram
name: Faour, Ghaleb
name: Najem, Sara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we focus on a critical component of the city: its building stock, which holds much of its socio-economic activities. In our case, the lack of a comprehensive database about their features and its limitation to a surveyed subset lead us to adopt data-driven techniques to extend our knowledge to the near-city-scale. Neural networks and random forest are applied to identify the buildings' number of floors and construction periods' dependencies on a set of shape features: area, perimeter, and height along with the annual electricity consumption, relying on a surveyed data in the city of Beirut. The predicted results are then compared with established scaling laws of urban forms, which constitutes a further consistency check and validation of our work ow.
A Frequency Glitch in an Accreting Pulsar
Creators: name: Galloway, D. K.
name: Morgan, E. H.
name: Levine, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Frequency glitches have been observed so far only in radio pulsars and anomalous X-ray pulsars. Here we present evidence of a glitch in a neutron star accreting from a Be companion. The transient KS 1947+300 reappeared in 2000 October as a moderately strong X-ray source that exhibited 18.7 s pulsations, leading to an identification with the BATSE source GRO J1948+32, last detected in 1994. We have analyzed Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer observations taken during the 2000-01 outburst, as well as additional observations taken during a smaller outburst in July 2002. Orbital Doppler shifts are apparent in the temporal variation of the pulse frequency. A joint fit of the RXTE data together with BATSE measurements from an outburst in 1994 yields the orbital period P_orb = 40.415+/-0.010 d, the projected orbital radius a_x sin i = 137+/-3 lt-s, and the eccentricity e = 0.033+/-0.013. This degree of eccentricity is unexpectedly low for such a wide orbit. Pulse timing results also show that the intrinsic pulse frequency increased from 53.30 to 53.47 mHz at a rate approximately proportional to the X-ray flux. This is about the degree of spin up expected from the accretion torques that must be present when the X-ray luminosity reaches ~10^38 ergs/s. On one occasion during the 2000-01 outburst, the pulse frequency increased by ~1.8x10^-6 Hz in less than approximately 10 hr over and above the mean trend seen around that time, without any indication of a correspondingly large increase in X-ray flux. The fractional change in frequency of 3.7x10^-5 during this event is significantly larger than the values observed in the glitches in radio pulsars and anomalous X-ray pulsars. We discuss other similarities and differences between these events.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures; expanded spectral section, including a figure with representative spectra, and other minor changes following referee's comments. Accepted by ApJ
DESIGNING FOR OPTIMAL USER FLOW IN A BEACH RESORT: INSIGHTS FROM IBENO, AKWA IBOM STATE
Creators: name: Grace, Nkemjika Eze
name: David, Ifeanyi Okorie
Publisher: name: NOLAND JOURNALS
Year: 2024
Subjects: Effective circulation, user experience, Beach resorts, Tourism.

description: Resorts are built with the environment in mind and are mainly surrounded by magnificent natural features, their favorability amongst others depends on the relationship between the design and the environment it resides. For a working resort to interact with its environment it must have adhered to the principles of circulation and navigation in order to make pinpointing user location on the vast expanse of the site to be possible. A good resort takes advantage of its environment, topography, and culture. This can be seen in its design and the activities that take place within it. A lot of factors affect the resorts’ ability to develop and maintain competitiveness; one of those would be the landscape of the site and adjoining facilities. Effective circulation and navigation are essential for enhancing the visitor experience at beach resort destinations. This study examines strategies for improving user movement and way finding within a beach front environment. The research combines observational analysis of existing circulation patterns, surveys and benchmarking of existing circulation practices at comparable resorts. Findings indicate that clear signage and intuitive pathway design are critical for guiding guests through the resort effectively. Through qualitative and quantitative research methods, the study explores various circulation and navigation techniques and their effective use in a beach resort
Modeling the early evolution of the COVID-19 in Brazil: results from a Susceptible-Infectious-Quarantined-Recovered (SIQR) model
Creators: name: Crokidakis, Nuno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The world evolution of the Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov2 or simply COVID-19) led the World Health Organization to declare it a pandemic. The disease appeared in China in December 2019, and it has spread fast around the world, specially in european countries like Italy and Spain. The first reported case in Brazil was recorded in February 26, and after that the number of cases growed fast. In order to slow down the initial growth of the disease through the country, confirmed positive cases were isolated to not transmit the disease. To better understand the early evolution of COVID-19 in Brazil, we apply a Susceptible-Infectious-Quarantined-Recovered (SIQR) model to the analysis of data from the Brazilian Department of Health, obtained from February 26, 2020 through March 25, 2020. Based on analyical and numerical results, as well on the data, the basic reproduction number is estimated to $R_{0}=5.25$. In addition, we estimate that the ratio unidentified infectious individuals and confirmed cases at the beginning of the epidemic is about $10$, in agreement with previous studies. We also estimated the epidemic doubling time to be $2.72$ days.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, updated version (v2, with a different title) will appear in IJMPC
PRICE FLEXIBILITY IN BRITISH SUPERMARKETS: MODERATION AND RECESSION
Creators: name: Dixon, Huw
name: Seaton, Johathan S.
name: Waterson, Michael
name: Dixon, Huw
name: Seaton, Johathan S.
name: Waterson, Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Micro pricing
subject: price flexibility
subject: regular prices
subject: menu costs

description: This paper delivers a significantly different empirical perspective on micro pricing behaviour and its impact on macroeconomic processes than previous studies, largely resulting from the fact that our weekly price data for the three major British supermarkets spans a seven year period including the crisis years 2008-2010. We find that there is a large and significant change in the behaviour of prices from 2008 onwards: prices change more frequently and the average duration of price spells declines significantly. Several of our findings run strongly counter to established empirical regularities, in particular the high overall frequency of regular or reference price changes we uncover, the greater intensity of change in more turbulent times and the numerical dominance of price falls over rises. The pricing behaviour revealed also significantly challenges the implicit assumption that prices are tracking cost changes.
Algorithm-hardware Co-design for Deformable Convolution
Creators: name: Huang, Qijing
name: Wang, Dequan
name: Gao, Yizhao
name: Cai, Yaohui
name: Dong, Zhen
name: Wu, Bichen
name: Keutzer, Kurt
name: Wawrzynek, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: FPGAs provide a flexible and efficient platform to accelerate rapidly-changing algorithms for computer vision. The majority of existing work focuses on accelerating image classification, while other fundamental vision problems, including object detection and instance segmentation, have not been adequately addressed. Compared with image classification, detection problems are more sensitive to the spatial variance of objects, and therefore, require specialized convolutions to aggregate spatial information. To address this, recent work proposes dynamic deformable convolution to augment regular convolutions. Regular convolutions process a fixed grid of pixels across all the spatial locations in an image, while dynamic deformable convolutions may access arbitrary pixels in the image and the access pattern is input-dependent and varies per spatial location. These properties lead to inefficient memory accesses of inputs with existing hardware. In this work, we first investigate the overhead of the deformable convolution on embedded FPGA SoCs, and then show the accuracy-latency tradeoffs for a set of algorithm modifications including full versus depthwise, fixed-shape, and limited-range. These modifications benefit the energy efficiency for embedded devices in general as they reduce the compute complexity. We then build an efficient object detection network with modified deformable convolutions and quantize the network using state-of-the-art quantization methods. We implement a unified hardware engine on FPGA to support all the operations in the network. Preliminary experiments show that little accuracy is compromised and speedup can be achieved with our co-design optimization for the deformable convolution.
Additional file 2 of Reporting of health equity considerations in cluster and individually randomized trials
Creators: name: Petkovic, Jennifer
name: Jull, Janet
name: Manosila Yoganathan
name: Dewidar, Omar
name: Baird, Sarah
name: Grimshaw, Jeremy M.
name: Johansson, Kjell Arne
name: Kristjansson, Elizabeth
name: McGowan, Jessie
name: Moher, David
name: Petticrew, Mark
name: Robberstad, Bjarne
name: Shea, Beverley
name: Tugwell, Peter
name: Volmink, Jimmy
name: Wells, George A.
name: Whitehead, Margaret
name: Cuervo, Luis Gabriel
name: White, Howard
name: Taljaard, Monica
name: Welch, Vivian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2.
Additional file 1 of Evaluation of the effectiveness of high-risk human papilloma self-sampling test for cervical cancer screening in Bolivia
Creators: name: Allende, Gustavo
name: Surriabre, Pedro
name: Ovando, Neli
name: Calle, Pamela
name: Torrico, Andrea
name: Villarroel, Jaime
name: Bossens, Michel
name: Fontaine, Véronique
name: Rodriguez, Patricia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Bolivian anatomo-pathology analyses, by rereading 29 biopsies out of 101 biopsies chosen at random in a Belgian laboratory.
Leptomyrmex Mayr 1862
Creators: name: Ulysséa, Mônica Antunes
name: Prado, Lívia Pires do
name: Brandão, Carlos Roberto Ferreira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Leptomyrmex

description: Genus Leptomyrmex Mayr, 1862:652
 Leptomyrmex relictus Boudinot, Probst, Brandão, Feitosa & Ward, 2016:663. Holotype: 1W, BRAZIL, Goiás, Niquelândia, Serra da Mesa, 14°20’39.5”S / 48°10’21.1”W, 16.xi.2013, Cerrado s.s. [stricto sensu], inside nest of Cornitermes silvestrii Emerson, 1949. Paratypes: 1W 2M, [same data and colony as holotype], R06 [one worker]; TC08[one worke] and DEO2013-030 [one male]. Two workers with disarticulated L5.
description: Published as part of Ulysséa, Mônica Antunes, Prado, Lívia Pires do & Brandão, Carlos Roberto Ferreira, 2017, Catalogue of the Dolichoderinae, Formicinae and Martialinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) types deposited at the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil, pp. 295-311 in Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (São Paulo) (São Paulo) 57 (23) on page 299, DOI: 10.11606/0031-1049.2017.57.23, http://zenodo.org/record/4656743
Composting in the SUB vs. Composting via UBC Waste Management
Creators: name: Loo, Ian
name: Siu, Kelvin
name: Brooks, Kevin
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Vorticity and magnetic shielding in a type-II superconductor
Creators: name: Cardoso, Marco
name: Bicudo, Pedro
name: Sacramento, Pedro D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study in detail, solving the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations, the magnetic field, supercurrent and order parameter profiles originated by a solenoid or magnetic whisker inserted in a type-II superconductor. We consider solutions of different vorticities, n, in the various cases. The results confirm the connection between the vorticity, the internal currents and the boundstates in a self-consistent way. The number of boundstates is given by the vorticity of the phase of the gap function as in the case with no external solenoid. In the limiting case of an infinitely thin solenoid, like a Dirac string, the solution is qualitatively different. The quasiparticle spectrum and wave functions are a function of n-n_ext, where n_ext is the vorticity of the solenoid. The flux is in all cases determined by the vorticity of the gap function.
description: revised version, 25 pages, LaTex, 10 figures
Pedestrian Detection with Wearable Cameras for the Blind: A Two-way Perspective
Creators: name: Lee, Kyungjun
name: Sato, Daisuke
name: Asakawa, Saki
name: Kacorri, Hernisa
name: Asakawa, Chieko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Blind people have limited access to information about their surroundings, which is important for ensuring one's safety, managing social interactions, and identifying approaching pedestrians. With advances in computer vision, wearable cameras can provide equitable access to such information. However, the always-on nature of these assistive technologies poses privacy concerns for parties that may get recorded. We explore this tension from both perspectives, those of sighted passersby and blind users, taking into account camera visibility, in-person versus remote experience, and extracted visual information. We conduct two studies: an online survey with MTurkers (N=206) and an in-person experience study between pairs of blind (N=10) and sighted (N=40) participants, where blind participants wear a working prototype for pedestrian detection and pass by sighted participants. Our results suggest that both of the perspectives of users and bystanders and the several factors mentioned above need to be carefully considered to mitigate potential social tensions.
description: The 2020 ACM CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI 2020)
An Investigation into Energy-Generating Revolving Doors
Creators: name: Limkhuntham, Kim
name: Ma, Qian
name: Quach, Vincent
name: Yutuc, Elvin
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”