cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Including connecting elements into the Lagrange multiplier state-space substructuring formulation
Creators: name: Dias, Rafael Da Silva Oliveira
name: Martarelli, Milena
name: Chiariotti, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper extends the inverse substructuring (IS) approach to the state-space domain and presents a novel state-space substructuring (SSS) technique that embeds the dynamics of connecting elements (CEs) in the Lagrange Multiplier State-Space Substructuring (LM-SSS) formulation via compatibility relaxation. This coupling approach makes it possible to incorporate into LM-SSS connecting elements that are suitable for being characterized by inverse substructuring (e.g. rubber mounts) by simply using information from one of its off diagonal apparent mass terms. Therefore, the information obtained from an in-situ experimental characterization of the CEs is enough to include them into the coupling formulation. Moreover, LM-SSS with compatibility relaxation makes it possible to couple an unlimited number of components and CEs, requiring only one matrix inversion to compute the coupled state-space model (SSM). Two post-processing procedures to enable the computation of minimal-order coupled models by using this approach are also presented. Numerical and experimental substructuring applications are exploited to prove the validity of the proposed methods. It is found that the IS approach can be accurately applied on state-space models representative of components linked by CEs to identify models representative of the diagonal apparent mass terms of the CEs, provided that the CEs can be accurately characterized by the underlying assumptions of IS. In this way, state-space models representative of experimentally characterized CEs can be found without performing decoupling operations. Hence, these models are not contaminated with spurious states. Furthermore, it was found that the developed coupling approach is reliable, when the dynamics of the CEs can be accurately characterized by IS, thus making it possible to compute reliable coupled models that are not composed by spurious states.
Extended Skyrme pseudo-potential deduced from infinite matter properties
Creators: name: Davesne, D.
name: Navarro, J.
name: Becker, P.
name: Jodon, R.
name: Meyer, J.
name: Pastore, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the contributions to the Equation of State for the N$\ell$LO Skyrme pseudo-potential ($\ell$=2,3). We show that by adding 4th and 6th order gradient terms, it is possible to fairly reproduce the spin/isospin decomposition of an equation of state obtained from \emph{ab-initio} methods. Moreover, by inspecting the partial-wave decomposition of the equation of state, we show for the first time a possible way to add explicit constraints on the sign of the tensor terms of the Skyrme interaction.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Quantum feedback amplification
Creators: name: Yamamoto, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum amplification is essential for various quantum technologies such as communication and weak-signal detection. However, its practical use is still limited due to inevitable device fragility that brings about distortion in the output signal or state. This paper presents a general theory that solves this critical issue. The key idea is simple and easy to implement: just a passive feedback of the amplifier's auxiliary mode, which is usually thrown away. In fact, this scheme makes the controlled amplifier significantly robust, and furthermore it realizes the minimum-noise amplification even under realistic imperfections. Hence, the presented theory enables the quantum amplification to be implemented at a practical level. Also, a nondegenerate parametric amplifier subjected to a special detuning is proposed to show that, additionally, it has a broadband nature.
description: 11 pages
Association of Glycemic Control Trajectory with Short-Term Mortality in Diabetes Patients with High Cardiovascular Risk: a Joint Latent Class Modeling Study
Creators: name: Maddox, T.M.
name: Raghavan, S.
name: Liu, W.G.
name: Ho, P.M.
name: Caplan, L.
name: Reusch, J.E.B.
name: Barón, A.E.
name: Berkowitz, S.A.
name: Plomondon, M.E.
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2020

description: Background: The relationship between risk factor or biomarker trajectories and contemporaneous short-term clinical outcomes is poorly understood. In diabetes patients, it is unknown whether hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) trajectories are associated with clinical outcomes and can inform care in scenarios in which a single HbA1c is uninformative, for example, after a diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD). Objective: To compare associations of HbA1c trajectories and single HbA1c values with short-term mortality in diabetes patients evaluated for CAD Design: Retrospective observational cohort study Participants: Diabetes patients (n = 7780) with and without angiographically defined CAD Main Measures: We used joint latent class mixed models to simultaneously fit HbA1c trajectories and estimate association with 2-year mortality after cardiac catheterization, adjusting for clinical and demographic covariates. Key Results: Three HBA1c trajectory classes were identified: individuals with stable glycemia (class A; n = 6934 [89%]; mean baseline HbA1c 6.9%), with declining HbA1c (class B; n = 364 [4.7%]; mean baseline HbA1c 11.6%), and with increasing HbA1c (class C; n = 482 [6.2%]; mean baseline HbA1c 8.5%). HbA1c trajectory class was associated with adjusted 2-year mortality (3.0% [95% CI 2.8, 3.2] for class A, 3.1% [2.1, 4.2] for class B, and 4.2% [3.4, 4.9] for class C; global P = 0.047, P = 0.03 comparing classes A and C, P > 0.05 for other pairwise comparisons). Baseline HbA1c was not associated with 2-year mortality (P = 0.85; hazard ratios 1.01 [0.96, 1.06] and 1.02 [0.95, 1.10] for HbA1c 7–9% and ≥ 9%, respectively, relative to HbA1c < 7%). The association between HbA1c trajectories and mortality did not differ between those with and without CAD (interaction P = 0.1). Conclusions: In clinical settings where single HbA1c measurements provide limited information, HbA1c trajectories may help stratify risk of complications in diabetes patients. Joint latent class modeling provides a generalizable approach to examining relationships between biomarker trajectories and clinical outcomes in the era of near-universal adoption of electronic health records.
The common sense behind clinical trial names: An empirical study of trial acronyms
Creators: name: Meirson, Tomer
name: Markel, Gal
name: Bomze, David
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: The use of acronyms to name clinical trials, some of which might be manipulative or even coercive, is increasingly popular yet controversial. We aimed to evaluate whether trial acronyms are associated with appealing linguistic cues born of marketing psychology using trade names of perfumes. The proportion of trials (730 clinical trials) titled with an acronym was 61%. Among acronym-named trials, 70% have matching trade names of perfumes, i.e., – alluring names. Industry-sponsored trials were more likely to use acronyms (OR 1.61; 95% CI 1.15–2.26; p = 0.006) and alluring acronyms (OR 2.58; 95% CI 1.61–4.12; p < 0.001). During the period from 2000 to 2020, the proportion of alluring trials increased both for industry and academic funding, from 50% to 77% and from 0% to 57% , respectively. Also, trials with alluring acronyms were cited more often (relative rate of citation, 1.37; 95% CI 1.13–1.66; p = 0.001). The growing use of acronyms coincides with a noticeable increase in manipulative names. Through overt or subliminal enticement, inspirational acronyms that downplay the risks or raise expectations to patients with life-threatening illnesses, may exert undue influence. The observed relationship between manipulative acronyms and sponsorship by the pharmaceutical industry enhances this concern.
Stratégie d'occupation de la mangrove de la baie de Guaratuba (Brésil) par le Sciaenidae prédateur Isopisthus parvipinnis (Teleostei, Pisces)
Creators: name: CHAVES, Paulo De Tarso
name: RICKLI, Adriana
name: BOUCHEREAU, Jean-Luc
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1998

description: Migration strategy of a predatory sciaenid Isopisthus parvipinnis (Teleostei, Pisces) in the mangrove of the Bay
 of Guaratuba (Brazil) •
 Observations have been performed from September 1993 to February 1997, on the abundance, biometry, diet, reproduction
 and behaviour of the population of Isopisthus parvipinnis from the mangrove of Guaratuba Bay, Brazil. During spring and
 summer, individuals sporadically transit to the most opened areas of the Bay and feed on fish and crustaceans. During this
 period the species reproduces, and spawning occurs either in this mangrove or in the open sea. During autumn and winter,
 an important part of the population of /. parvipinnis enters into channels and pools and its diet changes to become entirely
 based on fish. This is associated with the general increase of fish abundance at that time in the mangrove. Growth is
 allometric and relations between mass (M) and length (L) are: M = 1,5922.10-7L3,819 (males), M=5,2844.10-8L4,01 (females)
 et M = 1,2331.10-7L3,852 (both sexes). The strategy of occupation of the mangrove ecosystem and the ichtyophage behaviour
 characterize /. parvipinnis as an opportunist predator species playing, with respect to the mangrove, a part in energy export
 towards others areas of the Bay and the marine adjacent region.
GÉNÉTIQUE DES POPULATIONS DE SPHAEROMA SERRATUM (F.). V.  Étude des populations entre Barfleur et l'embouchure de la Seine
Creators: name: BOCQUET, Charles
name: LEJUEZ, Robert
name: TEISSIER, Georges
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1964

description: Researches on the genetics of the populations of S. serratum have been pursued on the Eastern coast of Cotentin and on the coast of Calvados. 17 representative specimens, including 15087 individuals, have been gathered. The studied populations can be divided into two groups, widely separated by the estuary of the river Vire; the first one belongs obviously to the same whole as the most Eastern populations of the Northern coast of Cotentin. The most noticeable fact is the sudden diminution of the frequency of ornatum, between Montfarville and Maltot, under the very probable influence of climatic factors linked to the Gulf Stream; the ornatum gene still present, but with low frequencies, on the coasts of Calvados, disappears after Benerville, from all the more Eastern populations settled on the continental coasts of Europa.
title:  L’interpretazione della legge ai tempi della decretazione d’urgenza e dei voti di fiducia: la rinnovata centralità del dato storico e comparatistico
Creators: name: Longo, Daniela
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2016

description: Il saggio evidenzia le difficoltà interpretative delle recenti novelle del processo civile, causate dall’atecnicismo legislativo, inevitabile conseguenza di una legislazione frettolosa e continua, carente di riflessione e caratterizzata dall’affermazione della prassi parlamentare ‘decretazione d’urgenza-maxiemendamento alla legge di conversione-voto di fiducia sul nuovo articolo unico’. L’imprecisione linguistico-giuridica delle norme di nuovo conio impone all’interprete di discostarsi da una lettura grammaticale o sistematica, per privilegiare una ricostruzione storico-politica della norma, unica in grado di conferire un senso ad espressioni generiche o errate, anche attraverso il raffronto con progetti di legge mai presentati ai due rami del Parlamento o con analoghi istituti d’Oltralpe.
description: Scritti dedicati a Maurizio Converso
Food is medicine: Actions to integrate food and nutrition into healthcare
Creators: name: Mozaffarian, D.
name: Downer, S.
name: Harlan, T.S.
name: Olstad, D.L.
name: Berkowitz, S.A.
Publisher: name: BMJ Publishing Group
Year: 2020

description: A global epidemic of diet related chronic disease has prompted experimentation using food as a formal part of patient care and treatment. One of every five deaths across the globe is attributable to suboptimal diet, more than any other risk factor including tobacco. Individual interactions with the healthcare system are an important opportunity to offer evidence based food and nutrition interventions. An emerging but compelling body of research indicates that such interventions delivered in the healthcare system might be associated with improved health outcomes and reduced healthcare usage and costs. These data point to the potential for food and nutrition interventions to play a prominent role in the prevention, management, treatment, and even in some cases reversal of disease. When broadly deployed, interventions that are effective for individual patients have the potential to affect population health and shape broader food and health policy reform. Realisation of health benefits is, however, hampered by lack of investment in research, low levels of clinician nutrition knowledge and awareness of interventions, and narrow access to appropriate services and programmes. Tackling each of these challenges is critical to achieving a healthcare system in which nutrition and food are a routine part of evidence based disease prevention and treatment.
Probabilistic interpretation of compositeness relation for resonances
Creators: name: Guo, Zhi-Hui
name: Oller, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bound, antibound and resonance states are associated to poles in the on-shell partial wave amplitudes. We show here that from the residues of the pole a rank 1 projection operator associated with any of these states can be extracted, in terms of which a sum rule related to the composition of the state can be derived. Although typically it involves complex coefficients for the compositeness and elementariness, except for the bound state case, we demonstrate that one can formulate a meaningful compositeness relation with only positive coefficients for resonances whose associated Laurent series in the variable s converges in a region of the physical axis around Re(s_P), with s_P the pole position of the resonance. It is also shown that this result can be considered as an analytical extrapolation in s_P of the clear narrow resonance case. We exemplify this formalism to study the two-body components of several resonances of interest.
description: 8 pages. Extended version that includes a detailed discussion on the narrow-resonance case, matches published version
"i was able to eat what i am supposed to eat" - Patient reflections on a medically-tailored meal intervention: A qualitative analysis
Creators: name: Wexler, D.J.
name: Singh, R.
name: Berkowitz, S.A.
name: Shahid, N.N.
name: Delahanty, L.M.
name: Steiner, B.
name: Terranova, J.
name: Ruazol, M.P.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd.
Year: 2020

description: Background: Medically-tailored meal programs that provide home-delivered medically-appropriate food are an emerging intervention when type 2 diabetes co-occurs with food insecurity (limited or uncertain access to nutritious food owing to cost). We sought to understand the experiences of medically-tailored meal program participants. Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews with participants in a randomized trial of medically-tailored meals (NCT02426138) until reaching content saturation. Participants were adults (age > 20 years) with type 2 diabetes in eastern Massachusetts, and the interviews were conducted from April to July 2017. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and coded by two independent reviewers. We determined emergent themes using content analysis. Results: Twenty individuals were interviewed. Their mean age was 58 (SD: 13) years, 60.0% were women, 20.0% were non-Hispanic black, and 15.0% were Hispanic. Key themes were 1) satisfaction and experience with medically-tailored meals 2) food preferences and cultural appropriateness, 3) diabetes management and awareness, and 4) suggestions for improvement and co-interventions. Within these themes, participants were generally satisfied with medically-tailored meals and emphasized the importance of receiving culturally appropriate food. Participants reported several positive effects of medically-tailored meals, including improved quality of life and ability to manage diabetes, and stress reduction. Participants suggested combining medically-tailored meals with diabetes self-management education or lifestyle interventions. Conclusions: Individuals with diabetes and food insecurity expressed satisfaction with the medically-tailored meal program, and reported that participation reduced stress and the burden of diabetes management. Suggestions to help ensure the success of medically-tailored meal programs included a strong emphasis on culturally acceptability and accommodating taste preferences for provided foods, and combining medically-tailored meals with diabetes education or lifestyle intervention. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02426138.
On the Minimum Distance of Array-Based Spatially-Coupled Low-Density Parity-Check Codes
Creators: name: Rosnes, Eirik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An array low-density parity-check (LDPC) code is a quasi-cyclic LDPC code specified by two integers $q$ and $m$, where $q$ is an odd prime and $m \leq q$. The exact minimum distance, for small $q$ and $m$, has been calculated, and tight upper bounds on it for $m \leq 7$ have been derived. In this work, we study the minimum distance of the spatially-coupled version of these codes. In particular, several tight upper bounds on the optimal minimum distance for coupling length at least two and $m=3,4,5$, that are independent of $q$ and that are valid for all values of $q \geq q_0$ where $q_0$ depends on $m$, are presented. Furthermore, we show by exhaustive search that by carefully selecting the edge spreading or unwrapping procedure, the minimum distance (when $q$ is not very large) can be significantly increased, especially for $m=5$.
description: 5 pages. To be presented at the 2015 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory, June 14-19, 2015, Hong Kong
(486) William Clark
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Generator of an abstract quantum walk
Creators: name: Segawa, Etsuo
name: Suzuki, Akito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81S25 (Primary) 81P68, 82B41 (Secondary)

description: We consider an abstract quantum walk defined by a unitary evolution operator $U$, which acts on a Hilbert space decomposed into a direct sum of Hilbert spaces $\{\mathcal{H}_v \}_{v \in V}$. We show that such $U$ naturally defines a directed graph $G_U$ and the probability of finding a quantum walker on $G_U$. The asymptotic property of an abstract quantum walker is governed by the generator $H$ of $U$ such that $U^n = e^{inH}$. We derive the generator of an evolution of the form $U = S(2d_A^* d_A -1)$, a generalization of the Szegedy evolution operator. Here $d_A$ is a boundary operator and $S$ a shift operator.
NOTE SUR LA FAUNE INTERSTITIELLE DU BASSIN D'ARCACHON ET DESCRIPTION D'UN GASTROTRICHE NOUVEAU
Creators: name: RENAUD-DEBYSER, Jeanne
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1964

description: This paper lists over thirteen interstitial species which are new records for Arcachon and the Atlantic coast of France. One new species of Gastrotrich is described. The distribution of these species in relation to tidal level and substrate is discussed and ecological data are given on grain size, packing of sand, porosity, salinity of interstitial water and its calcium carbonate and organic matter content.
(481) Elisabeth Cairns
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title:  Prospettive ed evoluzione del processo esecutivo in Italia
Creators: name: Miccolis, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2016

description: Nel contributo si ripercorrono le numerose riforme che, seguendo ad un lungo periodo di indifferenza del legislatore, a partire dal 1998 sono intervenute in materia di processo esecutivo, sintetizzandone i contenuti e valutandone la portata. Tra queste, si approfondisce la recente riforma dell’art. 614 bis, che ha generalizzato l’applicazione della norma, mantenendone però, condivisibilmente, esclusi i provvedimenti di condanna al pagamento di somme di denaro. Si auspica un arresto temporaneo di tali frenetici interventi, così da stabilizzare gli effetti delle modifiche apportate e da permetterne agli operatori del diritto un’analisi ed applicazione nel lungo periodo
description: Scritti dedicati a Maurizio Converso
Pristine and intercalated transition metal dichalcogenide superconductors
Creators: name: Klemm, Richard A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are quasi-two-dimensional layered compounds exhibiting strongly competing charge-density wave (CDW) and superconducting (SC) order parameters (OPs). The weak van der Waals interlayer bonding between hexagonal layers of octahedral or trigonal prismatic TMD building blocks allows for many polytypes. The non-superconducting $1T$ polytypes can have one or more CDWs. The $2H$ polytypes have two or more Fermi surfaces and saddle bands, allowing for dual orderings, which can be coexisting CDW and SC orderings, two SC gaps as in MgB$_2$, or two CDW gaps. The CDW transitions $T_{\rm CDW}$s usually greatly exceed the low superconducting $T_{\rm c}$s, their orbital OPs are generally highly anisotropic and can even contain nodes, are remarkably similar to the the high-$T_{\rm c}$ cuprate pseudogaps, and the SC OPs can be greatly affected by their presence. In 2$H$-NbSe$_2$, the CDW renders its general $s$-wave SC OP orbital symmetry to be highly anisotropic and strongly reduces its Josephson coupling strength ($I_{\rm c}R_{\rm n}$) with Pb. Pressure and intercalation generally suppress the CDWs, enhancing $T_{\rm c}$. The misfit intercalation compound (LaSe)$_{1.14}$(NbSe$_2$) and many intercalated $2H$-TMDs, such as TaS$_2$(pyridine)$_{1/2}$, have completely incoherent $c$-axis transport, dimensional-crossover effects, and behave as stacks of intrinsic Josephson junctions. Except for the anomalously large violation of the Pauli limit of the upper critical field of (LaSe)$_{1.14}$(NbSe$_2$), these properties are very similar to those of the cuprate Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{8+δ}$ and of the organic layered superconductor, $κ$-(ET)$_2$Cu[N(CN)$_2$]Br. Intercalates of TMDs with water and metallic ions are very similar to Na$_x$CoO$_2\cdot y$H$_2$O.
description: 9 pages, 16 figures, invited review article published in a special edition on Superconducting Materials in honor of the 95th birthday year of Ted Geballe, edited by M. B. Maple, J. Hirsch, and F. Marsiglio
Cash Benchmarking For Integrated Health Care And Human Services Interventions: Finding The Value Added
Creators: name: Edwards, S.T.
name: Berkowitz, S.A.
name: Polsky, D.
Publisher: name: NLM (Medline)
Year: 2020

description: Health-related social needs, which include food insecurity, housing instability, and lack of transportation, are strongly associated with poor health outcomes, more health care use, and higher health care spending. Integrating human services that address health-related social needs into health care may address these issues. In this article we propose an innovative methodological approach (borrowed from developmental economics) called cash benchmarking, which can help determine when health care and human services integration is most useful. This is important because while integrating human services into health care offers potential benefits, it also comes with potential downsides-including the medicalization of social needs; deemphasis of upstream societal causes of health-related social needs, such as tax policy and labor conditions; and opportunity costs within the health care system, as resources are shifted to delivering social care. Ultimately, cash benchmarking can help stakeholders navigate closer to the promise, and away from the pitfalls, of health care and human services integration.
(482) Walter McLachlan
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
A NLTE analysis of the hot subdwarf O star BD+28 4211. II. The optical spectrum
Creators: name: Latour, M.
name: Fontaine, G.
name: Green, E. M.
name: Brassard, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the second part of our detailed analysis of the hot sdO and spectroscopic standard star BD+28 4211, in which we focus on the optical spectrum. In the first part of our study, we determined the abundances of some 11 metals detected in the atmosphere of BD+28 4211 using UV spectra of the star and corroborated the fundamental parameters estimated in past studies (Teff $\sim$ 82,000 K, log g $\sim$ 6.2, and solar N(He)/N(H)). In this work, we aim at rederiving these secured parameters on the sole basis of high-quality optical spectra. A first grid of non-LTE line-blanketed model atmospheres, including metals with the abundances derived from the UV spectrum, does not give satisfactory results when we apply a standard simultaneous fitting procedure to the observed H and He lines of our optical spectra. The line profiles are not finely reproduced and the resulting effective temperatures, in particular, are too low by $\sim$10,000 K. We next investigate the probable cause of this failure, that is, the importance of missing opacity sources on the atmospheric stratification. We compare line profiles computed from models with artificially boosted metallicities, from solar abundances to 15$\times$ these values. We find that the structural effects saturate for a metallicity of $\sim$10x solar, and use this to compute a second full grid of models and synthetic spectra. This metal-enriched grid allows us to achieve significantly improved spectral fits with models having the expected parameters. Our test case thus reveals that there is still a need for models with enhanced metallicity for better estimating the atmospheric parameters of objects such as hot subdwarfs and hot white dwarfs if only optical spectra are available.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A, 15 pages
(480) Bridget Cairns
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Focusing on population health at scale — Joining policy and technology to improve health
Creators: name: McKethan, A.
name: Berkowitz, S.A.
name: Cohen, M.
Publisher: name: Massachussetts Medical Society
Year: 2019

description: Progress in biomedical innovation and technology has resulted in unprecedented improvements in human health. But population health is influenced by more than medical technology or health care services. Socioeconomic, psychosocial, and behavioral factors — including access to basic needs such as food, housing, and transportation — are major contributors to health and cost outcomes.
Improving detection of influential nodes in complex networks
Creators: name: Sheikhahmadi, Amir
name: Nematbakhsh, Mohammad A.
name: Shokrollahi, Arman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently an increasing amount of research is devoted to the question of how the most influential nodes (seeds) can be found effectively in a complex network. There are a number of measures proposed for this purpose, for instance, high-degree centrality measure reflects the importance of the network topology and has a reasonable runtime performance to find a set of nodes with highest degree, but they do not have a satisfactory dissemination potentiality in the network due to having many common neighbors ($\mbox{CN}^{(1)}$) and common neighbors of neighbors ($\mbox{CN}^{(2)}$). This flaw holds in other measures as well. In this paper, we compare high-degree centrality measure with other well-known measures using ten datasets in order to find a proportion for the common seeds in the seed sets obtained by them. We, thereof, propose an improved high-degree centrality measure (named DegreeDistance) and improve it to enhance accuracy in two phases, FIDD and SIDD, by putting a threshold on the number of common neighbors of already-selected seed nodes and a non-seed node which is under investigation to be selected as a seed as well as considering the influence score of seed nodes directly or through their common neighbors over the non-seed node. To evaluate the accuracy and runtime performance of DegreeDistance, FIDD, and SIDD, they are applied to eight large-scale networks and it finally turns out that SIDD dramatically outperforms other well-known measures and evinces comparatively more accurate performance in identifying the most influential nodes.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures, 5 tables . . . accepted for publication in Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications
The fragility of thin discs in galaxies -- I. Building tailored N-body galaxy models
Creators: name: Anta, Pablo M. Galán-de
name: Vasiliev, Eugene
name: Sarzi, Marc
name: Dotti, Massimo
name: Capelo, Pedro R.
name: Incatasciato, Andrea
name: Posti, Lorenzo
name: Morelli, Lorenzo
name: Corsini, Enrico Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thin stellar discs on both galactic and nuclear, sub-kpc scales are believed to be fragile structures that would be easily destroyed in major mergers. In turn, this makes the age-dating of their stellar populations a useful diagnostics for the assembly history of galaxies. We aim at carefully exploring the fragility of such stellar discs in intermediate- and low- mass encounters, using high-resolution N-body simulations of galaxy models with structural and kinematic properties tailored to actually observed galaxies. As a first but challenging step, we create a dynamical model of FCC 170, a nearly edge-on galaxy in the Fornax cluster with multiple galactic components and including both a galactic scale and nuclear stellar disc (NSD), using detailed kinematic data from the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer and a novel method for constructing distribution function-based self-consistent galaxy models. We then create N-body realisations of this model and demonstrate that it remains in equilibrium and preserves its properties over many Gyr, when evolved with a sufficiently high particle number. However, the NSD is more prone to numerical heating, which gradually increases its thickness by up to 22 per cent in 10 Gyr even in our highest-resolution runs. Nevertheless, these N-body models can serve as realistic representations of actual galaxies in merger simulations.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures
Two new species of Japanese Microporella (Bryozoa, Cheilostomatida) in the Döderlein Collection, Musée Zoologique, Strasbourg
Creators: name: MAWATARI, Shunsuke F.
name: SUWA, Tsuyoshi
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1998

description: Two new species of Microporella are described from Sagami Bay, Honshu, Japan based on the material newly
discovered in the Doderlein Collection, MusÃ© Zoologique, Strasbourg, France. Microporella serrata sp. nov. is
characterized by having a pyramid-like, high trigonal umbo hanging over the ascopore on the zooid front, and a depressed-
semicircular orifice with a denticulate distal edge. Microporella unca sp. nov. is unique in having avicularia with beaked
mandibles, similar to those of "the bird's head type" avicularia in the Bugulidae. The evolution of two different types of
avicularian mandibles in the genus is briefly discussed from functional and ecological points of view.
RÃ©sum : Deux nouvelles espÃ¨ce japonaises de Microporella (Bryozoa, Cheilostomatida) dans la collection Doderlein,
MusÃ© Zoologique, Strasbourg.
Deux espÃ¨ce nouvelles du genre Microporella de la baie de Sagami (Honshu, Japon) sont dÃ©crites d'aprÃ¨ un matÃ©rie
rÃ©cemmen dÃ©couver dans la collection Doderlein, dÃ©posÃ au MusÃ© Zoologique, Strasbourg, France. Microporella serra-
ta sp. nov. se caractÃ©ris par un umbo haut, trigonal, en forme de pyramide, qui s'insÃ¨r au-dessus de l'ascopore sur la face
frontale du zoÃ¯d et un orifice semi-circulaire dÃ©prim avec un bord distal denticulÃ© Microporella unca spnov. est unique,
l'espÃ¨c possÃ©dan des aviculaires avec des mandibules en bec, semblables aux mandibules de type "tÃªt d'oiseau" des
Bugulidae. L'Ã©volutio des deux types de mandibules des aviculaires est briÃ¨vemen discutÃ du double point de vue, fonc-
tionnel et Ã©cologique
Perspectives on fundamental cosmology from Low Earth Orbit and the Moon
Creators: name: Bertone, Gianfranco
name: Buchmueller, Oliver L.
name: Cole, Philippa S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The next generation of space-based experiments will go hunting for answers to cosmology's key open questions which revolve around inflation, dark matter and dark energy. Low earth orbit and lunar missions within the European Space Agency's Human and Robotic Exploration programme can push our knowledge forward in all of these three fields. A radio interferometer on the Moon, a cold atom interferometer in low earth orbit and a gravitational wave interferometer on the Moon are highlighted as the most fruitful missions to plan and execute in the mid-term.
description: 5 pages, invited review as part of the European Space Agency SciSpacE science community white paper series, published in npj Microgravity
Dietary Cholesterol or Egg Consumption and Cardiovascular Outcomes
Creators: name: Berkowitz, S.A.
name: Keyserling, T.C.
name: Samuel-Hodge, C.D.
Publisher: name: American Medical Association
Year: 2019

description: To the Editor Based on an analysis of 6 prospective cohorts, Dr Zhong and colleagues concluded that “higher consumption of dietary cholesterol or eggs was significantly associated with higher risk of incident CVD [cardiovascular disease] and all-cause mortality in a dose-response manner” and noted these findings should be considered “in the development of dietary guidelines and updates.” At issue is whether their findings, which differ from some previously published meta-analyses onthis topic, are sufficiently robust to be considered in guidelines.
(476) John Forbes
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Local Ranking Problem on the BrowseGraph
Creators: name: Trevisiol, Michele
name: Aiello, Luca Maria
name: Boldi, Paolo
name: Blanco, Roi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.4; E.1

description: The "Local Ranking Problem" (LRP) is related to the computation of a centrality-like rank on a local graph, where the scores of the nodes could significantly differ from the ones computed on the global graph. Previous work has studied LRP on the hyperlink graph but never on the BrowseGraph, namely a graph where nodes are webpages and edges are browsing transitions. Recently, this graph has received more and more attention in many different tasks such as ranking, prediction and recommendation. However, a web-server has only the browsing traffic performed on its pages (local BrowseGraph) and, as a consequence, the local computation can lead to estimation errors, which hinders the increasing number of applications in the state of the art. Also, although the divergence between the local and global ranks has been measured, the possibility of estimating such divergence using only local knowledge has been mainly overlooked. These aspects are of great interest for online service providers who want to: (i) gauge their ability to correctly assess the importance of their resources only based on their local knowledge, and (ii) take into account real user browsing fluxes that better capture the actual user interest than the static hyperlink network. We study the LRP problem on a BrowseGraph from a large news provider, considering as subgraphs the aggregations of browsing traces of users coming from different domains. We show that the distance between rankings can be accurately predicted based only on structural information of the local graph, being able to achieve an average rank correlation as high as 0.8.
(477) John Cairns
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Aligning Programs and Policies to Support Food Security and Public Health Goals in the United States
Creators: name: Seligman, H.K.
name: Berkowitz, S.A.
Publisher: name: Annual Reviews Inc.
Year: 2019

description: Food insecurity affects 1 in 8 US households and has clear implications for population health disparities. We present a person-centered, multilevel framework for understanding how individuals living in food-insecure households cope with inadequate access to food themselves and within their households, communities, and broader food system. Many of these coping strategies can have an adverse impact on health, particularly when the coping strategies are sustained over time; others may be salutary for health. There exist multiple opportunities for aligning programs and policies so that they simultaneously support food security and improved diet quality in the interest of supporting improved health outcomes. Improved access to these programs and policies may reduce the need to rely on individual- and household-level strategies that may have negative implications for health across the life course
title: Harcèlement scolaire: l'expérience de deux établissements vaudois
title: Harcèlement scolaire: l'expérience de deux établissements vaudois
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Vaucher, Sophie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: harcèlement scolaire
subject: établissement scolaire vaudois
subject: directeur
subject: médiateur
subject: infirmière scolaire
subject: enseignant

description: En tant que mère d’enfants ayant vécu une situation de harcèlement et future enseignante au cycle trois, la problématique du harcèlement scolaire me semblait incontournable. Présenté dans la littérature comme un phénomène sournois dont l’objectif principal est de nuire, il se définit comme un processus itératif, marqué par un rapport de force déséquilibré. Les chercheurs distinguent différents types de harcèlement et une organisation complexe qui implique un lieu propice, un contexte particulier et un ou plusieurs agresseurs face à une victime. Ils soulignent que la dynamique du harcèlement naît fréquemment d’une différence perçue par un seul ou par plusieurs élèves au sein d’un groupe. Certains auteurs relèvent différents types d’élèves victimes et d’élèves harceleurs. Tous ces acteurs interagissent dans une forme de relation triangulaire définie entre l’élève harceleur leader et ses suiveurs, la victime et les élèves témoins. Les spécialistes notent, en outre, que la différence entre harceleurs et harcelés est ténue, ceux-ci partageant certaines caractéristiques communes, comme une mauvaise estime de soi et une vulnérabilité dans les contacts relationnels. Pour tous les élèves impliqués, les conséquences sont aussi sérieuses que néfastes à plus ou moins long terme selon la durée et l’identité de l’auteur des brimades. Or dans un cas avéré de harcèlement scolaire, moins d’un enfant sur deux va se tourner vers un adulte pour faire part de son calvaire. Dans ce contexte, comment percevoir qu’un enfant est pris dans l’engrenage du harcèlement scolaire ? Par le biais de huit entretiens semi-directifs conduits auprès des Directeurs, des médiateurs, des infirmières scolaires et des enseignantes, l’objectif de ce travail est de comprendre comment le phénomène est perçu, défini et pris en charge par les acteurs clés de deux établissements scolaires vaudois.
Health Center–Based Community-Supported Agriculture: An RCT
Creators: name: Schouboe, S.
name: O'Neill, J.
name: Petrie, M.
name: Shahid, N.N.
name: Bellin, R.
name: Sayer, E.
name: Berkowitz, S.A.
name: Saraceno, M.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Inc.
Year: 2019

description: Introduction: Socioeconomically vulnerable individuals often face poor access to nutritious food and bear a disproportionate burden of diet-related chronic illness. This study tested whether a subsidized community-supported agriculture intervention could improve diet quality. Study design: An RCT was conducted from May 2017 to December 2018 (data analyzed in 2019). Setting/Participants: Adults with a BMI >25 kg/m2 seen at a community health center in central Massachusetts, or who lived in the surrounding county, were eligible. Intervention: Individuals were randomized to receive either subsidized community-supported agriculture membership (which provided a weekly farm produce pickup from June to November) or healthy eating information (control group). For equity, the control group received financial incentives similar to the intervention group. Main outcome measures: The primary outcome was the Healthy Eating Index 2010 total score (range, 0–100; higher indicates better diet quality; minimum clinically meaningful difference, 3). Healthy Eating Index was assessed using 3 24-hour recalls per participant collected each growing season. Intention-to-treat analyses compared Healthy Eating Index scores between the intervention and control group, accounting for repeated measures with generalized estimating equations. Results: There were 128 participants enrolled and 122 participants for analysis. The participants’ mean age was 50.3 (SD=13.6) years; 82% were women; and 88% were white, non-Hispanic, with a similar distribution of baseline characteristics comparing the intervention and control groups. Baseline Healthy Eating Index total score was 53.9 (SD=15.3) in the control group and 55.1 (SD=15.2) in the intervention group (p=0.68). The intervention increased the mean Healthy Eating Index total score relative to the control group (4.3 points higher, 95% CI=0.5, 8.1, p=0.03). Food insecurity was lower in the intervention group (RR=0.68, 95% CI=0.48, 0.96). Conclusions: A community-supported agriculture intervention resulted in clinically meaningful improvements in diet quality. Subsidized community-supported agriculture may be an important intervention for vulnerable individuals. Trial registration: This study is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov NCT03231592. Supplement information: This article is part of a supplement entitled Identifying and Intervening on Social Needs in Clinical Settings: Evidence and Evidence Gaps, which is sponsored by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Kaiser Permanente, and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation