cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Pressure-induced phase transition of Bi2Te3 into the bcc structure
Creators: name: Einaga, Mari
name: Ohmura, Ayako
name: Nakayama, Atsuko
name: Ishikawa, Fumihiro
name: Yamada, Yuh
name: Nakano, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pressure-induced phase transition of bismuth telluride, Bi2Te3, has been studied by synchrotron x-ray diffraction measurements at room temperature using a diamond-anvil cell (DAC) with loading pressures up to 29.8 GPa. We found a high-pressure body-centered cubic (bcc) phase in Bi2Te3 at 25.2 GPa, which is denoted as phase IV, and this phase apperars above 14.5 GPa. Upon releasing the pressure from 29.8 GPa, the diffraction pattern changes with pressure hysteresis. The original rhombohedral phase is recovered at 2.43 GPa. The bcc structure can explain the phase IV peaks. We assumed that the structural model of phase IV is analogous to a substitutional binary alloy; the Bi and Te atoms are distributed in the bcc-lattice sites with space group Im-3m. The results of Rietveld analysis based on this model agree well with both the experimental data and calculated results. Therefore, the structure of phase IV in Bi2Te3 can be explained by a solid solution with a bcc lattice in the Bi-Te (60 atomic% tellurium) binary system.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Practices and Challenges of Using GitHub Copilot: An Empirical Study
Creators: name: Zhang, Beiqi
name: Liang, Peng
name: Zhou, Xiyu
name: Ahmad, Aakash
name: Waseem, Muhammad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the advances in machine learning, there is a growing interest in AI-enabled tools for autocompleting source code. GitHub Copilot, also referred to as the "AI Pair Programmer", has been trained on billions of lines of open source GitHub code, and is one of such tools that has been increasingly used since its launch on June 2021. However, little effort has been devoted to understanding the practices and challenges of using Copilot in programming with auto-completed source code. To this end, we conducted an empirical study by collecting and analyzing the data from Stack Overflow (SO) and GitHub Discussions. More specifically, we searched and manually collected 169 SO posts and 655 GitHub discussions related to the usage of Copilot. We identified the programming languages, IDEs, technologies used with Copilot, functions implemented, benefits, limitations, and challenges when using Copilot. The results show that when practitioners use Copilot: (1) The major programming languages used with Copilot are JavaScript and Python, (2) the main IDE used with Copilot is Visual Studio Code, (3) the most common used technology with Copilot is Node.js, (4) the leading function implemented by Copilot is data processing, (5) the significant benefit of using Copilot is useful code generation, and (6) the main limitation encountered by practitioners when using Copilot is difficulty of integration. Our results suggest that using Copilot is like a double-edged sword, which requires developers to carefully consider various aspects when deciding whether or not to use it. Our study provides empirically grounded foundations and basis for future research on the role of Copilot as an AI pair programmer in software development.
description: The 35th International Conference on Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering (SEKE)
Refugee status determination, narrative and the oral hearing in Australia and Canada
Creators: name: Vogl, Anthea Fay
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: In processes of refugee status determination, the applicant’s first person testimony plays a critical role. The applicant’s own testimony is often the only evidence available to support the claim being made. This thesis examines the presentation and assessment of refugee applicants’ oral testimony before the Canadian Immigration and Refugee Board (IRB) and the Australian Refugee Review Tribunal (RRT). In addressing the conduct of the oral hearing, a central event within refugee status determination processes, it focuses on the critical role played by the form of refugee applicants’ oral testimony. Its central question is how does the form of refugee testimony shape assessments of refugee applicants’ evidence as credible and thus, influence who may access protection and on what terms. These questions are explored through the close reading of 14 refugee applicants’ oral hearings, which took place in Australia and Canada between 2012 and 2014. In analysing the hearings, this thesis argues that the law’s requirement for evidence that is plausible and credible within refugee status determination involves an expectation that applicants present evidence in a compelling narrative form. Using the frameworks of ‘law and literature’ and narrative theory, with attention to questions of temporality, causation and plot, this thesis demonstrates that a demand for narrative structured the oral hearings. The demand encompassed expectations that applicants present evidence marked by linearity; direct and explicable causal connections; and some sense of both ‘plot’ and closure. The hearings woven through this thesis trace how decision-makers articulated such demands and explore the extent to which the demand for narrative represents the State’s requirement that refugees to narrate themselves as particular kinds of subjects, whose complex histories and experiences of fear or harm resolve in the decision to seek refugee status.
On the strength of weak compactness
Creators: name: Kreuzer, Alexander P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03F60 (Primary) 03D80, 03B30 (Secondary)

description: We study the logical and computational strength of weak compactness in the separable Hilbert space \ell_2. Let weak-BW be the statement the every bounded sequence in \ell_2 has a weak cluster point. It is known that weak-BW is equivalent to ACA_0 over RCA_0 and thus that it is equivalent to (nested uses of) the usual Bolzano-Weierstraß principle BW. We show that weak-BW is instance-wise equivalent to the Π^0_2-CA. This means that for each Π^0_2 sentence A(n) there is a sequence (x_i) in \ell_2, such that one can define the comprehension functions for A(n) recursively in a cluster point of (x_i). As consequence we obtain that the Turing degrees d > 0" are exactly those degrees that contain a weak cluster point of any computable, bounded sequence in \ell_2. Since a cluster point of any sequence in the unit interval [0,1] can be computed in a degree low over 0', this show also that instances of weak-BW are strictly stronger than instances of BW. We also comment on the strength of weak-BW in the context of abstract Hilbert spaces in the sense of Kohlenbach and show that his construction of a solution for the functional interpretation of weak compactness is optimal.
Additional file 1 of Translational outcomes relevant to neurodevelopmental disorders following early life exposure of rats to chlorpyrifos
Creators: name: Berg, Elizabeth L.
name: Ching, Tianna M.
name: Bruun, Donald A.
name: Rivera, Josef K.
name: Careaga, Milo
name: Ellegood, Jacob
name: Lerch, Jason P.
name: Wöhr, Markus
name: Lein, Pamela J.
name: Silverman, Jill L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Fig S1. Reduced USV emission in rat pups exposed to CPF during early life. a Male pups exposed to CPF emitted normal numbers of USV on PND 8 compared to vehicle controls while b exposure to 1.0 mg/kg/day CPF in females resulted in reduced USV emission relative to controls. Data are mean + S.E.M. *p < 0.05, one-way ANOVA, Holm-Sidak’s multiple comparisons post hoc. Supplementary Fig S2. No effect of early life CPF exposure on developmental milestone achievement. a,b Performance on the negative geotaxis and c,d circle traverse tasks did not differ between exposure groups for males or females, respectively. Data are mean ± S.E.M.
Additional file 1 of A reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification for broad coverage detection of Asian and African Zika virus lineages
Creators: name: Boon-Teong Teoh
name: Kim-Ling Chin
name: Nur-Izyan Samsudin
name: Shih-Keng Loong
name: Sing-Sin Sam
name: Kim-Kee Tan
name: Chee-Sieng Khor
name: Juraina Abd-Jamil
name: Nurhafiza Zainal
name: Wilder-Smith, Annelies
name: Keivan Zandi
name: AbuBakar, Sazaly
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Preparation of the simulated clinical samples used in this study. A total of 24 simulated clinical samples consisting 8 saliva, 8 urine and 8 serum samples were prepared.
A Critical Review of the Educational Psychologist’s Role in Engaging with Young Carers
Creators: name: Pickup, Helena
Publisher: name: School of Psychology, University of East London
Year: 2021

description: Diversity comes from difference and may arise through factors such as individuals’ class, gender identity or ethnicity. The need to consider diversity arises when membership of a diverse group results in disadvantage through a reduced ability to participate within the community. The role of EPs in engaging with diverse groups involves countering discrimination and removing barriers to participation that may arise through perceived incongruence with societal norms. Young carers are a diverse group due to a home life that differs from the expected norm. This paper critically reflected on the implications of this for their ability to successfully engage with their environment and achieve positive psychological wellbeing. Caring was found to have the potential to detrimentally affect attainment and lead to social isolation and reduced wellbeing. However, some more recent research indicated that it is possible to find benefit within the caring role, conferring positive wellbeing for some young carers. The potential role of EPs in engaging with young carers and removing barriers to their participation in their community was explored with reference to critical psychology and self-determination theory frameworks and an eco-systemic approach. Critical reflection on the literature and personal experience indicated that consideration of individual circumstances, the adoption of solution-focused approaches and advocacy through raising awareness and decreasing prejudice can lead to positive change at various systemic levels, promoting autonomy, connectedness and acceptance.
Probing Complex-energy Topology via Non-Hermitian Absorption Spectroscopy in a Trapped Ion Simulator
Creators: name: Cao, Mingming
name: Li, Kai
name: Zhao, Wending
name: Guo, Weixuan
name: Qi, Bingxiag
name: Chang, Xiuying
name: Zhou, Zichao
name: Xu, Yong
name: Duan, Luming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-Hermitian systems generically have complex energies, which may host topological structures, such as links or knots. While there has been great progress in experimentally engineering non-Hermitian models in quantum simulators, it remains a significant challenge to experimentally probe complex energies in these systems, thereby making it difficult to directly diagnose complex-energy topology. Here, we experimentally realize a two-band non-Hermitian model with a single trapped ion whose complex eigenenergies exhibit the unlink, unknot or Hopf link topological structures. Based on non-Hermitian absorption spectroscopy, we couple one system level to an auxiliary level through a laser beam and then experimentally measure the population of the ion on the auxiliary level after a long period of time. Complex eigenenergies are then extracted, illustrating the unlink, unknot or Hopf link topological structure. Our work demonstrates that complex energies can be experimentally measured in quantum simulators via non-Hermitian absorption spectroscopy, thereby opening the door for exploring various complex-energy properties in non-Hermitian quantum systems, such as trapped ions, cold atoms, superconducting circuits or solid-state spin systems.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures
ESR evidence for disordered magnetic phase from ultra-small carbon nanotubes embedded in zeolite nanochannels
Creators: name: Rao, S. S.
name: Stesmans, A.
name: Noyen, J. V.
name: Jacobs, P.
name: Sels, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A multi-frequency electron spin resonance (ESR) study provides evidence for the occurrence of low temperature ferromagnetic/spin-glass behavior in aligned arrays of sub-nanometer single walled carbon nanotubes confined in zeolite nano-channels, owing to sp2-type non-bonding carbon associated localized states with density of ~3 x 1019 /g. Features related to the much anticipated conduction ESR are not detected. In the paramagnetic phase, the ESR linewidth is found to be weakly dependent on microwave frequency.
description: Accepted to be published in EuroPhysics Letters
Light dark forces at flavor factories
Creators: name: Barzè, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SuperB experiment could represent an ideal environment to test a new U (1) symmetry related to light dark forces candidates. A promising discovery channel is represented by the resonant production of a boson U, followed by its decay into lepton pairs. Beyond approximations adopted in the literature, an exact tree level calculation of the radiative processes $e+ e- \rightarrow γ, U \rightarrow μ^+ μ^- γ, e^+ e^- γ$ and corresponding QED backgrounds is performed, including also the most important higher-order corrections. The calculation is implemented in a release of the generator BabaYaga@NLO useful for data analysis and interpretation. The distinct features of U boson production are shown and the statistical significance is analysed.
Dopant-vacancy binding effects in Li-doped magnesium hydride
Creators: name: Smith, Kyle C.
name: Fisher, Timothy S.
name: Waghmare, Umesh V.
name: Grau-Crespo, Ricardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a combination of ab initio calculations and statistical mechanics to investigate the substitution of Li+ for Mg2+ in magnesium hydride (MgH2) accompanied by the formation of hydrogen vacancies with positive charge (with respect to the original ion at the site). We show here that the binding energy between dopants and vacancy defects leads to a significant fraction of trapped vacancies and therefore a dramatic reduction of the number of free vacancies available for diffusion. The concentration of free vacancies initially increases with dopant concentration, but reaches a maximum at around 1 mol% Li doping and slowly decreases with further doping. At the optimal level of doping, the corresponding concentration of free vacancies is much higher than the equilibrium concentrations of charged and neutral vacancies in pure MgH2 at typical hydrogen storage conditions. We also show that Li-doped MgH2 is thermodynamically metastable with respect to phase separation into pure magnesium and lithium hydrides at any significant Li concentration, even after considering the stabilization provided by dopant-vacancy interactions and configurational entropic effects. Our results suggest that lithium doping may enhance hydrogen diffusion hydride, but only to a limited extent determined by an optimal dopant concentration and conditioned to the stability of the doped phase.
description: 31 pages, 2 tables, 6 figures. Accepted (Sept/2010) for publication in Phys. Rev. B
Are short-term variations in solar oscillation frequencies the signature of a second solar dynamo?
Creators: name: Broomhall, Anne-Marie
name: Fletcher, Stephen T.
name: Salabert, David
name: Basu, Sarbani
name: Chaplin, William J.
name: Elsworth, Yvonne
name: Garcia, Rafael A.
name: Jimenez, Antonio
name: New, Roger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In addition to the well-known 11-year solar cycle, the Sun's magnetic activity also shows significant variation on shorter time scales, e.g. between one and two years. We observe a quasi-biennial (2-year) signal in the solar p-mode oscillation frequencies, which are sensitive probes of the solar interior. The signal is visible in Sun-as-a-star data observed by different instruments and here we describe the results obtained using BiSON, GOLF, and VIRGO data. Our results imply that the 2-year signal is susceptible to the influence of the main 11-year solar cycle. However, the source of the signal appears to be separate from that of the 11-year cycle. We speculate as to whether it might be the signature of a second dynamo, located in the region of near-surface rotational shear.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, proceedings for SOHO-24/GONG 2010 conference, to be published in JPCS
Additional file 2 of A reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification for broad coverage detection of Asian and African Zika virus lineages
Creators: name: Boon-Teong Teoh
name: Kim-Ling Chin
name: Nur-Izyan Samsudin
name: Shih-Keng Loong
name: Sing-Sin Sam
name: Kim-Kee Tan
name: Chee-Sieng Khor
name: Juraina Abd-Jamil
name: Nurhafiza Zainal
name: Wilder-Smith, Annelies
name: Keivan Zandi
name: AbuBakar, Sazaly
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Map of RT-LAMP primers in alignment with the ZIKV NS2-NS3 gene junction consensus sequences. The nucleotide positions refer to the published complete genome of ZIKV MR766 (GenBank accession number: NC_012532).
Interrelationships between nematicity, antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations and superconductivity: Role of hotspots in FeSe$_{1-x}$S$_{x}$ revealed by high pressure $^{77}$Se NMR study
Creators: name: Rana, K.
name: Ambika, D. V.
name: Bud'ko, S. L.
name: Böhmer, A. E.
name: Canfield, P. C.
name: Furukawa, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The sulfur-substituted FeSe, FeSe$_{1-x}$S$_{x} $, is one of the unique systems that provides an independent tunability of nematicity, antiferromagnetism and superconductivity under pressure ($p$). Recently Rana et al. [Phys. Rev. B 101, 180503(R) (2020)] reported, from $^{77}$Se nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements on FeSe$_{0.91}$S$_{0.09}$ under pressure, that there exists a clear role of nematicity on the relationship between antiferromagnetic (AFM) spin fluctuations and superconducting transition temperature ($T_{\rm c}$) where the AFM spin fluctuations are more effective in enhancing $T_{\rm c}$ in the absence of nematicity than with nematicity. Motivated by the work, we carried out $^{77}$Se NMR measurements on FeSe$_{1-x}$S$_{x}$ with $x$= 0.15 and 0.29 under pressure up to 2.10 GPa to investigate the relationship in a wide range of $x$ in the FeSe$_{1-x}$S$_x$ system. Based on the new results together with the previously reported data for $x$=0 [P. Wiecki et al., Phys. Rev. B 96, 180502(R) (2017)] and 0.09 [K. Rana et al. Phys. Rev. B 101, 180503(R) (2020)], we established a $p$ - $x$ - temperature ($T$) phase diagram exhibiting the evolution of AFM spin fluctuations. From the systematic analysis of the NMR data, we found that the superconducting (SC) state in nematic state arises from a non Fermi liquid state with strong stripe-type AFM spin fluctuations while the SC state without nematicity comes from a Fermi liquid state with mild stripe-type AFM spin fluctuations. Furthermore, we show that the previously reported impact of nematicity on the relationship between AFM fluctuations and superconductivity holds throughout the wide range of $x$ from $x$ = 0 to 0.29 in FeSe$_{1-x}$S$_{x}$ under pressure. We discuss the origin of the role of nematicity in terms of the different numbers of hotspots on Fermi surfaces with and without nematicity.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
Generalized Covering Groups and Direct Limits
Creators: name: Mashayekhy, Behrooz
name: Mirebrahimi, Hanieh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20E10, 20E18, 20J15, 20F18

description: M. R. R. Moghaddam (Monatsh. Math. 90 (1980) 37-43.) showed that the Baer invariant commutes with the direct limit of a directed system of groups. In this paper, using the generalization of Schur's formula for the structure of a $\mathcal{V}$-covering group for a Schur-Baer variety $\mathcal{V}$, we show that the structure of a $\mathcal{V}$-covering group commutes with the direct limit of a directed system, in some senses. It has a useful application in order to extend some known structures of $\mathcal{V}$-covering groups for several famous products of finitely many to an arbitrary family of groups.
description: 22 pages
Sums involving the digamma function connected to the incomplete beta function and the Bessel functions
Creators: name: González-Santander, Juan L.
name: Lasheras, Fernando Sánchez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 33B15, 33C20, 33E12, 33C10

description: We calculate some infinite sums containing the digamma function in closed-form. These sums are related either to the incomplete beta function or to the Bessel functions. The calculations yield interesting new results as by-products, such as parameter differentiation formulas for the beta incomplete function, reduction formulas of $_{3}F_{2}$ hypergeometric functions, or a definite integral which does not seem to be tabulated in the most common literature. As an application of some sums involving the digamma function, we have calculated some redution formulas for the parameter differentiation of the Mittag-Leffler function and the Wright function.
Ensemble perception of multiple spatially intermixed sets
Creators: name: Luo, Xiao
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: The visual system is remarkably efficient at extracting summary statistics from the environment. Yet at any given time, the environment consists of many groups of objects distributed over space. Thus, the challenge for the visual system is to summarize over multiple sets distributed across space. My thesis work investigates the capacity constraints and computational efficiency of ensemble perception, in the context of perceiving multiple spatially intermixed groups of objects. First, in three experiments, participants viewed an array of 1 to 8 intermixed sets of circles. Each set contained four circles in the same colors but with different sizes. Participants estimated the mean size of a probed set. Which set would be probed was either known before onset of the array (pre-cue), or after that (post-cue). Fitting a uniform-normal mixture model to the error distribution, I found participants could reliably estimate mean sizes for maximally four sets (Experiment 1). Importantly, their performance was unlikely to be driven by a subsampling strategy (Experiment 2). Allowing longer exposure to the stimulus array did not increase the capacity, suggesting ensemble perception was limited by an internal resource constraint, rather than an information encoding rate (Experiment 3). Second, in two experiments, I showed that the visual system could hold up to four ensemble representations, or up to four individual items (Experiment 4), and an ensemble representation had an information uncertainty (entropy) level similar to that of an individual representation (Experiment 5). Taken together, ensemble perception provides a compact and efficient way of information processing.
A Systematic Review of Research Evidence Reporting Educational Psychologists’ Use of Contextual Observation in Practice
Creators: name: Leatherbarrow, J.
name: Woods, K.
name: Thomas, G.
name: Tyldesley, K.
Publisher: name: School of Psychology, University of East London
Year: 2021

description: Considering the apparent centrality of contextual observation within educational psychologists’ (EPs’) daily practice, it is argued here that some level of rigour should be available through review of relevant research and self-evaluation, so that contextual observation meets the professional requirement for evidence-based practice (Health and Care Professions Council, 2016). This systematic literature review used an adapted critical evaluation checklist and a bespoke analytic framework for contextual observation, created by the authors, to systematically identify and critically evaluate the research evidence of EPs’ use of contextual observation within practice. Across the studies, there were inconsistencies around which details of contextual observation were reported, which makes it difficult for the process of contextual observation to be reliably replicated across EP practice or to be communicated clearly to new entrants to the profession. The bespoke analytic framework was enhanced by incorporating features of the adapted evaluative checklist to produce an analytic framework for contextual observation which combines academic knowledge with practice-informed knowledge. This potentially provides a contribution to the evidence base for EP use of contextual observation, as well as laying a foundation for building an understanding of its process. Further research can be directed towards the development of guidelines for best practice of contextual observation in order to produce an evidence-based tool for use across the profession.
An optimal envelope ejection efficiency for merging neutron stars
Creators: name: Tanaka, Alexander M.
name: Gilkis, Avishai
name: Izzard, Robert G.
name: Tout, Christopher A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the rapid binary stellar evolution code BINARY_C to estimate the rate of merging neutron stars with numerous combinations of envelope ejection efficiency and natal kick dispersion. We find a peak in the local rate of merging neutron stars around $α\approx 0.3$$-$$0.4$, depending on the metallicity, where $α$ is the efficiency of utilising orbital energy to unbind the envelope. The peak height decreases with increasing electron-capture supernova kick dispersion $σ_\mathrm{ECSN}$. We explain the peak as a competition between the total number of systems that survive the common-envelope phase increasing with $α$ and their separation, which increases with $α$ as well. Increasing $α$ reduces the fraction of systems that merge within a time shorter than the age of the Universe and results in different mass distributions for merging and non-merging double neutron stars. This offers a possible explanation for the discrepancy between the Galactic double neutron star mass distribution and the observed massive merging neutron star event GW190425. Within the $α$$-$$σ_\mathrm{ECSN}$ parameter space that we investigate, the rate of merging neutron stars spans several orders of magnitude up to more than $1\times 10^{3} \, \mathrm{Gpc}^{-3}\,\mathrm{yr}^{-1}$ and can be higher than the observed upper limit or lower than the observed lower limit inferred thus far from merging neutron stars detected by gravitational waves. Our results stress the importance of common-envelope physics for the quantitative prediction and interpretation of merging binary neutron star events in this new age of gravitational wave astronomy.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures, this is an author-produced version of an article accepted for publication in MNRAS following peer review. The version of record is now available online at https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stad971 . (N.b. the tables are better formatted in the arXiv article.) Our data are available online at https://zenodo.org/record/7811486#.ZDJt6I5BzJU
Additional file 3 of Interaction of bacterial genera associated with therapeutic response to immune checkpoint PD-1 blockade in a United States cohort
Creators: name: Newsome, Rachel C.
name: Gharaibeh, Raad Z.
name: Pierce, Christine M.
name: da Silva, Wildson Vieira
name: Paul, Shirlene
name: Hogue, Stephanie R.
name: Yu, Qin
name: Antonia, Scott
name: Conejo-Garcia, Jose R.
name: Robinson, Lary A.
name: Jobin, Christian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 3: Fig. S3. Endpoint IVIS imaging and quantification and single donor FMT experiment tumor growth.
Deploying hybrid quantum-secured infrastructure for applications: When quantum and post-quantum can work together
Creators: name: Fedorov, Aleksey K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Most currently used cryptographic tools for protecting data are based on certain computational assumptions, which makes them vulnerable with respect to technological and algorithmic developments, such as quantum computing. One existing option to counter this potential threat is quantum key distribution, whose security is based on the laws of quantum physics. Quantum key distribution is secure against unforeseen technological developments. A second approach is post-quantum cryptography, which is a set of cryptographic primitives that are believed to be secure even against attacks with both classical and quantum computing technologies. From this perspective, this study reviews recent progress in the deployment of the quantum-secured infrastructure based on quantum key distribution, post-quantum cryptography, and their combinations. Various directions in the further development of the full-stack quantum-secured infrastructure are also indicated. Distributed applications, such as blockchains and distributed ledgers, are also discussed.
description: 11 pages, 0 figures, 1 table; Perspective paper
Gaussification of quantum states of traveling light beams in atomic memory
Creators: name: Fiurasek, Jaromir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose and investigate a protocol for Gaussification of quantum states of traveling light beams in an atomic quantum memory that couples to light via quantum non-demolition interaction. The protocol relies on a periodic switching between two different QND couplings and the total coupling strength scales only logarithmically with number of Gaussified light modes. The present scheme can be used to prepare entangled states of two distant atomic ensembles and to purify and Gaussify noisy non-Gaussian entangled states of light while simultaneously storing the purified state in atomic memories.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, REVTeX 4
Power Spectrum Analysis of BNL Decay-Rate Data
Creators: name: Sturrock, P. A.
name: Buncher, J. B.
name: Fischbach, E.
name: Gruenwald, J. T.
name: Javorsek, D.
name: Jenkins, J. H.
name: Lee, R. H.
name: Mattes, J. J.
name: Newport, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Evidence for an anomalous annual periodicity in certain nuclear decay data has led to speculation concerning a possible solar influence on nuclear processes. As a test of this hypothesis, we here search for evidence in decay data that might be indicative of a process involving solar rotation, focusing on data for 32Si and 36Cl decay rates acquired at the Brookhaven National Laboratory. Examination of the power spectrum over a range of frequencies (10 - 15 year^-1) appropriate for solar synodic rotation rates reveals several periodicities, the most prominent being one at 11.18 year^-1 with power 20.76. We evaluate the significance of this peak in terms of the false-alarm probability, by means of the shuffle test, and also by means of a new test (the "shake" test) that involves small random time displacements. The last two tests indicate that the peak at 11.18 year^-1 would arise by chance only once out of about 10^7 trials. Since there are several peaks in the search band, we also investigate the running mean of the power spectrum, and identify a major peak at 11.93 year^-1 with peak running-mean power 4.08. Application of the shuffle test and the shake test indicates that there is less than one chance in 10^11, and one chance in 10^15, respectively, finding by chance a value as large as 4.08.
description: 12 pages, 17 figures, to be published in Astroparticle Physics
Additional file 3 of A reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification for broad coverage detection of Asian and African Zika virus lineages
Creators: name: Boon-Teong Teoh
name: Kim-Ling Chin
name: Nur-Izyan Samsudin
name: Shih-Keng Loong
name: Sing-Sin Sam
name: Kim-Kee Tan
name: Chee-Sieng Khor
name: Juraina Abd-Jamil
name: Nurhafiza Zainal
name: Wilder-Smith, Annelies
name: Keivan Zandi
name: AbuBakar, Sazaly
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Table S2. The ZIKV genomes used in this study.
Moment-based space-variant Shack-Hartmann wavefront reconstruction
Creators: name: Feng, Fan
name: Liang, Chen
name: Chen, Dongdong
name: Du, Ke
name: Yang, Runjia
name: Lu, Chang
name: Chen, Shumin
name: He, Wenting
name: Xu, Pingyong
name: Chen, Liangyi
name: Tao, Louis
name: Mao, Heng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on image moment theory, an approach for space-variant Shack-Hartmann wavefront reconstruction is presented in this article. The relation between the moment of a pair of subimages and the local transformation coefficients is derived. The square guide 'star' is used to obtain a special solution from this relation. The moment-based wavefront reconstruction has a reduced computational complexity compared to the iteration-based algorithm. Image restorations are executed by the tiling strategy with 5 $\times$ 5 PSFs as well as the conventional strategy with a global average PSF. Visual and quantitative evaluations support our approach.
description: This paper has been accepted for publication in the journal Optics Communications on April 12th, 2023
Additional file 5 of A reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification for broad coverage detection of Asian and African Zika virus lineages
Creators: name: Boon-Teong Teoh
name: Kim-Ling Chin
name: Nur-Izyan Samsudin
name: Shih-Keng Loong
name: Sing-Sin Sam
name: Kim-Kee Tan
name: Chee-Sieng Khor
name: Juraina Abd-Jamil
name: Nurhafiza Zainal
name: Wilder-Smith, Annelies
name: Keivan Zandi
name: AbuBakar, Sazaly
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 5: Table S3. Time threshold of positivity for RT-LAMP assays of serially diluted ZIKV RNA.
Fermionic Dark Matter: Physics, Astrophysics, and Cosmology
Creators: name: Argüelles, C. R.
name: Becerra-Vergara, E. A.
name: Rueda, J. A.
name: Ruffini, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of dark matter (DM) is one of the most relevant questions in modern astrophysics. We present a brief overview of recent results that inquire into a possible fermionic quantum nature of the DM particles, focusing mainly on the interconnection between the microphysics of the neutral fermions and the macrophysical structure of galactic halos, including their formation both in the linear and non-linear cosmological regimes. We discuss the general relativistic Ruffini-Argüelles-Rueda (RAR) model of fermionic DM in galaxies, its applications to the Milky Way, the possibility that the Galactic center harbors a DM core instead of a supermassive black hole (SMBH), the S-cluster stellar orbits with an in-depth analysis of the S2's orbit including precession, the application of the RAR model to other galaxy types (dwarf, elliptic, big elliptic and galaxy clusters), and universal galaxy relations. All the above focusing on the model parameters constraints, most relevant to the fermion mass. We also connect the RAR model fermions with particle physics DM candidates, self-interactions, and galactic observables constraints. The formation and stability of core-halo galactic structures predicted by the RAR model and their relation to warm DM cosmologies are also treated. Finally, we briefly discuss how gravitational lensing, dynamical friction, and the formation of SMBHs can also probe the DM nature.
description: Review paper published in Universe, Special Issue "Galactic Center with Gravity"
Polar optical phonon states and their dispersive spectra of a wurtzite nitride superlattice with complex bases: transfer-matrix method
Creators: name: Zhang, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the dielectric continuum model and transfer-matrix method, the completing polar optical phonon states in a wurtzite GaN-based superlattice (SLs) with arbitrary-layer complex bases are investigated. It is proved that $2^n$ types of phonon modes probably exist in a wurtzite nitride SL with $n$-layer complex bases. The analytical phonon states of these modes and their dispersive equations in the wurtzite GaN/Al$_{x}$Ga$_{1-x}$N SL structures are obtained. Numerical calculations on a three-layer GaN/Al$_{0.15}$Ga$_{0.85}$N/AlN complex bases SL are performed. Results reveal that there are interface optical (IO) phonon modes of one type only and four types of quasi-confined (QC) phonon modes in three-layer GaN/Al$_{0.15}$Ga$_{0.85}$N/AlN complex bases SLs. The dispersive spectra of phonon modes in complex bases SLs extend to be a series of frequency bands. The behaviors of QC modes reducing to IO modes are observed. The present theoretical scheme and numerical results are quite useful for analyzing the dispersive spectra of completing phonon modes and their polaronic effect in wurtzite GaN-based SLs with complex bases.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables
Ab initio insights into the interaction mechanisms between H$_2$, H$_2$O, and O$_2$ molecules with diamond surfaces
Creators: name: Tran, Nam V.
name: Righi, M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diamond displays outstanding chemical, physical, and tribological properties, making it attractive for numerous applications ranging from biomedicine to tribology. However, the reaction of the materials with molecules present in the air, such as oxygen, hydrogen, and water, could significantly change the electronic and tribological properties of the films. In this study, we performed several density functional theory calculations to construct a database for the adsorption energies and dissociation barriers of these molecules on the most relevant diamond surfaces, including C(111), C(001), and C(110). The adsorption configurations, reaction paths, activation energies, and their influence on the structure of diamond surfaces are discussed. The results indicate that there is a strong correlation between adsorption energy and surface energy. Moreover, we found that the dissociation processes of oxygen molecules on these diamond surfaces can significantly alter the surface morphology and may affect the tribological properties of diamond films. These findings can help to advance the development and optimization of devices and antiwear coatings based on diamond.
Right aortic arc with aberrant left sided subclavian arter originated from Kommerrellâs diverticulum: MDCT findings and VR- Reconstructions.
Creators: name: Erkoc, Mustafa Fatih
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Thoracic wall
subject: Thorax
subject: CT
subject: Audit and standards
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Congenital

description: Clinical History Image Findings Discussion Find Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis
description: female, 68 years
description: Clinical History: A 68 years old female admitted to our hospital with mild breathlessness for 3 months. She had no significant previous medical history. Final Diagnosis: Kommerrellâs diverticulum with right aortic arc with aberrant left sided subclavian artery.
title: Munif's Cities of Salt as Counter Narrative: Capitalism, Ideology and Transformation
Creators: name: AlRaddadi, Rayah
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2018

description: This thesis examines Abdelrahman Munif's quintet Cities of Salt and its realist representation of the Arabian Peninsula before and after the advent of oil. It examines the role of oil in the eventual massive transformation of the region's social, historical and economic structure into capitalism. Deploying a Lukácsian categories attuned to literary and historical development, this thesis offers a materialist analysis of Munif's quintet from the vantage point of socioeconomics, providing a fuller understanding of how Munif perceives the transition. It asks fundamental questions regarding the relationship between literary production, oil, and global capitalism. By delineating what can be described as an "aesthetics of the oppressed," this study offers a unique perspective on crucial issues such as social inequality, environmental degradation, labour exploitation, female exclusion, urban deprivation and religious ideology.
Additional file 4 of A reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification for broad coverage detection of Asian and African Zika virus lineages
Creators: name: Boon-Teong Teoh
name: Kim-Ling Chin
name: Nur-Izyan Samsudin
name: Shih-Keng Loong
name: Sing-Sin Sam
name: Kim-Kee Tan
name: Chee-Sieng Khor
name: Juraina Abd-Jamil
name: Nurhafiza Zainal
name: Wilder-Smith, Annelies
name: Keivan Zandi
name: AbuBakar, Sazaly
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4: Figure S2. Nucleotide mismatches of the RT-LAMP primers against 463 ZIKV genome sequences. The top sequences are primer sequences. Total numbers of ZIKV genomes with 100% sequence similarity to the primers are shown at 3′’ end of the primers. Only the ZIKV genomes with nucleotide mismatches to the primer are listed. The dots indicate the same nucleotides as the top sequence. The boxes indicate the nucleotide positions which are critical for priming and amplification.
Tree of Life: A Tool for Therapeutic Growth?
Creators: name: Kasmani, H.
Publisher: name: School of Psychology, University of East London
Year: 2021

description: This paper presents a review of the Tree of Life (ToL) — a strengths-based tool rooted in narrative therapy — as an intervention for children and young people (CYP). Originally developed to support vulnerable young people in Zimbabwe, ToL is now used to support children and adults in many countries and contexts across the world. This paper discusses key aspects of the tool, evaluates the evidence base of ToL with young people, shares the views of CYP and parents, and suggests implications for schools and educational psychology practice in the UK.
Photoinduced dynamics in quantum rings
Creators: name: Zhu, Zhen-Gang
name: Berakdar, Jamal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the spin-dependent dynamical response of a semiconductor quantum ring with a spin orbit interaction (SOI) upon the application of a single and two linearly polarized, picosecond, asymmetric electromagnetic pulses in the presence of a static magnetic flux. We find that the pulse-generated electric dipole moment is spin dependent. It is also shown that the SOI induces an extra SU(2) effective flux in addition to the static external magnetic flux which is reflected in an additional periodicity of the spin-dependent dipole moment. Furthermore, the pulses may induce a net dynamical charge currents (CC) and dynamical spin currents (SC) when the clockwise and anti-clockwise symmetry of the carrier is broken upon the pulse application.
description: 3 pages, 2 figures