cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Minimizing the Uncertainty in the Power Rating of CPV Modules
Creators: name: Martínez, M.
name: Antón, I.
name: Trujillo, P.J.
name: Ferrer Rodríguez, J.P.
name: Núñez, R.
name: Rubio Berenguel, F.
name: Sala, G.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Material Studies, New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
Terrestrial Concentrator Systems

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 137-141
description: The standardization of the Power Rating methods of CPV modules and systems is a great challenge
which is currently being discussed in the WG7-TC82 of the IEC committee (IEC62670 draft). This paper covers the
key issues for the Outdoor Power Rating of CPV modules and systems. A first approach is to make restrictive
filtering to the surrounding conditions while making the measurements. This approach results in very low dispersion
in the CSOC Power calculations, around a 3%, but then very few days are suitable for carrying out the
characterization. Perhaps, it could be acceptable in the Power Rating of CPV modules but it is not suitable for rating
CPV systems once they are installed, when the main goal is to carry out a short term characterization to determine the
real power installed in the CPV plant according to the contractual conditions. Therefore, this work proposes an
alternative solution that will permit making a more relaxed filtering to the ambient conditions, increasing then the
suitable days for making an Outdoor Power Rating of a CPV system. It is proposed to use an equivalent normal
irradiance measurement spectrally corrected by using a Tri-band Spectro-heliometer. Also, a solution for dealing with
the thermal management of a CPV system is being tested based in making a correlation of the module temperature
with the ambient conditions with an outdoor thermal characterization of the technology. What has been shown is that,
using this methodology for calculating the CSOC Power of a CPV system, results in a dispersion of ±2.4% using the
Tri-band-Spectro-heliometer, smaller than the one obtained with a Pyrheliometer that it is of ±4.5%. Currently, this
methodology is being tested with several technologies with different designs to prove its capability as a standard
method for rating CPV modules and systems with an acceptable uncertainty.
Light Induced Electroless Plating of Silver for Efficiency Improvement and Cost Reduction of Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Letize, A.
name: Minsek, D.
name: Cullen, D.
name: Tjahjono, B.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1769-1772
description: In an effort to increase solar cell efficiencies while simultaneously reducing materials costs, a two-step metallization process for the production of silicon solar cells is presented. A novel, cyanide-free electroless silver plating solution (LIEP – light induced electroless plating) was developed, which has the benefits of higher
conductivity than printed paste, simple equipment requirements and a wide process window. LIEP silver plating was demonstrated to increase efficiency of poorly conducting production cells by reducing series resistance. Additionally, printing of fine line patterns and thickening the contacts with LIEP silver combines the benefits of better electrical performance while reducing silver usage and associated costs. The LIEP silver deposit is denser than sintered paste, providing a platform for improved soldering, increased ribbon peel strength, and improved module reliability.
Al2O3 as a Passivating and Tunneling Layer for Heterojunction a-Si:H/c-Si Solar Cells
Creators: name: Bubnova, X.
name: Petersen, A.
name: Einsele, F.
name: Rölver, R.
name: Rau, U.
name: Leendertz, C.
name: Wagner, T.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1538-1544
description: In this paper a novel concept of applying a thin transparent Al2O3 layer as a replacement for the
intrinsic amorphous hydrogenated silicon (a-Si:H) passivation layer normally used in heterojunction (HJ) solar cells is
investigated. This concept has the advantage of a reduced parasitic absorption in the a-Si:H emitter stack. Furthermore,
we investigate Al2O3 negative charge field effect passivation compared to a-Si:H surface passivation. In this paper, Al2O3
passivation layers were applied as thin intermediate layers on the illuminated emitter sides of solar cells fabricated on nand
p-type Si substrates. We show that the introduction of thin Al2O3 layers leads to the S-shaped current-voltage (IV)
curves for all fabricated cells, hence degrading the fill factors and energy conversion efficiencies of the devices.
Simulations and experiments lead to the assumption that large energy band offsets at the Al2O3/c-Si interface are
presumably the reason for the S-shape formation in the IV-curves.
Weakly Supervised Instance Attention for Multisource Fine-Grained Object Recognition with an Application to Tree Species Classification
Creators: name: Aygunes, Bulut
name: Cinbis, Ramazan Gokberk
name: Aksoy, Selim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multisource image analysis that leverages complementary spectral, spatial, and structural information benefits fine-grained object recognition that aims to classify an object into one of many similar subcategories. However, for multisource tasks that involve relatively small objects, even the smallest registration errors can introduce high uncertainty in the classification process. We approach this problem from a weakly supervised learning perspective in which the input images correspond to larger neighborhoods around the expected object locations where an object with a given class label is present in the neighborhood without any knowledge of its exact location. The proposed method uses a single-source deep instance attention model with parallel branches for joint localization and classification of objects, and extends this model into a multisource setting where a reference source that is assumed to have no location uncertainty is used to aid the fusion of multiple sources in four different levels: probability level, logit level, feature level, and pixel level. We show that all levels of fusion provide higher accuracies compared to the state-of-the-art, with the best performing method of feature-level fusion resulting in 53% accuracy for the recognition of 40 different types of trees, corresponding to an improvement of 5.7% over the best performing baseline when RGB, multispectral, and LiDAR data are used. We also provide an in-depth comparison by evaluating each model at various parameter complexity settings, where the increased model capacity results in a further improvement of 6.3% over the default capacity setting.
description: Accepted for publication in ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
Device and Physical Properties of Solar Cells with Thin CdTe Absorbers
Creators: name: Rimmaudo, I.
name: Salavei, A.
name: Piccinelli, F.
name: Menossi, D.
name: Romeo, N.
name: Romeo, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
CdTe, CIS and Related Ternary and Quaternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2232-2235
description: Tellurium is considered as a rare element and there are controversial reports on its real amount available on the earth.
It has been reported that with the current CdTe technology in the market it would be difficult to produce more than
about 30 GW per year. On the other hand reducing dramatically CdTe thickness, the production could increase
substantially up to 150/250 GW per year (depending on the thickness reduction of the absorber). In our laboratory we
have prepared solar cells by depositing CdTe with different thicknesses: from 0.7 to 6 m. Ultra-thin absorber
(between one and two microns) devices have demonstrated efficiencies around 10%, higher efficiencies are reported
for thicker CdTe absorbers. The structural properties of the absorbers have been studied by X-ray diffraction
spectroscopy and by atomic force microscopy. Finished solar cells were analyzed by electrical characterization
(current-voltage, drive level capacitance profiling, capacitance-voltage and admittance spectroscopy).
A New Score for Adaptive Tests in Bayesian and Credal Networks
Creators: name: Antonucci, Alessandro
name: Mangili, Francesca
name: Bonesana, Claudio
name: Adorni, Giorgia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A test is adaptive when its sequence and number of questions is dynamically tuned on the basis of the estimated skills of the taker. Graphical models, such as Bayesian networks, are used for adaptive tests as they allow to model the uncertainty about the questions and the skills in an explainable fashion, especially when coping with multiple skills. A better elicitation of the uncertainty in the question/skills relations can be achieved by interval probabilities. This turns the model into a credal network, thus making more challenging the inferential complexity of the queries required to select questions. This is especially the case for the information theoretic quantities used as scores to drive the adaptive mechanism. We present an alternative family of scores, based on the mode of the posterior probabilities, and hence easier to explain. This makes considerably simpler the evaluation in the credal case, without significantly affecting the quality of the adaptive process. Numerical tests on synthetic and real-world data are used to support this claim.
HIP-MWT Solar Cells – Pilot-Line Cell Processing and Module Integration
Creators: name: Drews, A.
name: Clement, F.
name: Spribille, A.
name: Thaidigsmann, B.
name: Linse, M.
name: Gutscher, S.
name: Werner, S.
name: Reitenbach, V.
name: Chighali, E.O.
name: Wolf, A.
name: Zimmer, M.
name: Nekarda, J.
name: Haedrich, I.
name: Tranitz, M.
name: Eitner, U.
name: Wirth, H.
name: Wilson, H.R.
name: Biro, D.
name: Preu, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Manufacturing Issues and Processing

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 828-831
description: The HIP-MWT (High Performance Metal Wrap Through) cell is a simplified variant of the metal wrap
through passivated emitter and rear cell (MWT-PERC). In this paper, the transferability of this concept from lab scale
to pilot line processing is presented. The suitability of the cell concept for integration in newly developed back
contact modules is tested and demonstrated. Based on results from lab-scale production, the HIP-MWT fabrication
process is improved. Moreover, options for further process accelerations and cost reduction are identified. Finally the
solar cell to module compatibility is investigated and simple portable solutions for back contact cell interconnection
and adaptions of the cell’s anti-reflective coating are presented.
Additional file 1 of The cerebral mechanism underlying the acupoints with specific effect for gallbladder stone disease: protocol for a randomized controlled task-fMRI trial
Creators: name: Sun, Ning
name: Zhou, Yuan-Fang
name: Zhou, Jie
name: Zuo, Wen-Wei
name: Ye, Xiang-Yin
name: Deng, Xiao-Dong
name: Li, Zheng-Jie
name: Cheng, Shi-Rui
name: Qu, Yu-Zhu
name: Zhou, Jun
name: Sun, Rui-Rui
name: Liang, Fan-Rong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Medicine
Neuroscience
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy
Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Intervention Trials (SPIRIT) guidelines.
Nonsymmetric operads in combinatorics
Creators: name: Giraudo, Samuele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05-00, 05C05, 05E15, 16T05, 18D50

description: Operads are algebraic devices offering a formalization of the concept of operations with several inputs and one output. Such operations can be naturally composed to form bigger and more complex ones. Coming historically from algebraic topology, operads intervene now as important objects in computer science and in combinatorics. The theory of operads, together with the algebraic setting and the tools accompanying it, promises advances in these two areas. On the one hand, operads provide a useful abstraction of formal expressions, and also, provide connections with the theory of rewrite systems. On the other hand, a lot of operads involving combinatorial objects highlight some of their properties and allow to discover new ones. This book presents the theory of nonsymmetric operads under a combinatorial point of view. It portrays the main elements of this theory and the links it maintains with several areas of computer science and combinatorics. A lot of examples of operads appearing in combinatorics are studied and some constructions relating operads with known algebraic structures are presented. The modern treatment of operads consisting in considering the space of formal power series associated with an operad is developed. Enrichments of nonsymmetric operads as colored, cyclic, and symmetric operads are reviewed. This text is addressed to any computer scientist or combinatorist who looks a complete and a modern description of the theory of nonsymmetric operads. Evenly, this book is intended to an audience of algebraists who are looking for an original point of view fitting in the context of combinatorics.
description: 152 pages
Ageing of CdTe Devices by Copper Diffusion
Creators: name: Rimmaudo, I.
name: Salavei, A.
name: Romeo, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
CdTe, CIS and Related Ternary and Quaternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2828-2832
description: CdTe solar cells are widely used in industrial production and they currently have the lowest cost per Watt available
in the market thanks to its simple and scalable technology. One of the main engineering challenges for these devices
is to provide a suitable back contact for CdTe due to its high electron affinity which requires a material with a very
high work function. Solar cells with copper based back contacts have shown the highest efficiencies, however it is
well known that their performance reduces with time, mainly connected with diffusion of Cu through the absorber.
Working conditions (i.e. light intensity, temperature and applied bias) can dramatically affect the degradation speed.
In order to study the impact of the bias on the Cu diffusion, then on performance degradation, three different kinds of
stress were applied on identical CdTe solar cells with Cu/Au back contact (Dark without bias, light-temperature
without bias, light-temperature with bias). The degraded devices have been periodically analyzed by current-voltage,
capacitance-voltage, drive level capacitance profiling and admittance spectroscopy. A detailed analysis of defect
characterization and distribution has been addressed.
Growth by Laser Ablation and Characterization of Epitaxial Si-Ge Virtual Substrates on Si
Creators: name: Imparato, A.
name: Di Luccio, T.
name: Esposito, E.
name: Minarini, C.
name: Nobile, G.
name: Roca, F.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Material Studies, New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
New Materials, Cells and Modules

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 285-289
description: Epitaxial deposition of high-quality GaAs layers on cost effective Si substrates is a quite desirable route to
decrease III-V cell cost and guarantee mass production for very high efficiency solar cells for Photovoltaic concentration
(CPV). Several techniques have been proposed for the deposition of SiGe virtual substrates. Among them we propose two
different methods for the realization of Si-Ge virtual substrates. The first one based on PECVD deposition of graded Si-Ge
microcrystalline and amorphous layers having different hydrogen content is nearest to others proposed PECVD approaches.
The Si-Ge stacked layers are conditioned by laser crystallization and/or Solid Phase crystallization. The second one is an
innovative proposal based on a the utilization of a deposition system developed in our laboratories which can assure
simultaneous deposition and X-Y laser beam laser crystallization processing under vacuum. Preliminary results are very
interesting showing a high degree of crystallinity of the Si/Ge layers realized layers.
MBE Growth of High Current Dilute III-V-N Single and Triple Junction Solar Cells
Creators: name: Aho, A.
name: Tukiainen, A.
name: Polojärvi, V.
name: Salmi, J.
name: Guina, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Material Studies, New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
New Materials, Cells and Modules

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 290-292
description: We report on the optimization of growth temperature and As flux for fabrication of 1 eV GaInNAs
solar cell using plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy. Two sets of samples were grown at different temperatures
and As beam equivalent pressures, keeping the As flux fixed in the first set and the growth temperature in the other.
The p-i-n-solar cell structures were grown on n-GaAs(100) substrates. The output power exhibited a clear maximum
within a narrow growth temperature and As pressure window. Based on this optimization, an AlInP-windowed
GaInNAs p-i-n solar cell was grown on p-GaAs(100) substrate; the specific growth temperature was 440C and the
As/III beam equivalent pressure ratio was ~10. This solar cell exhibited a short circuit current density of ~29
mA/cm2. Moreover, we demonstrated a GaInP/GaAs/GaInNAs triple junction solar cell that exhibited a short circuit
current density of 12 mA/cm2 under real sun illumination.
Observation of symmetry-protected selection rules in periodically driven quantum systems
Creators: name: Wang, Guoqing
name: Li, Changhao
name: Cappellaro, Paola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Periodically driven quantum systems, known as Floquet systems, have been a focus of non-equilibrium physics in recent years, thanks to their rich dynamics. Not only time-periodic systems exhibit symmetries similar to those in spatially periodic systems, but they also display novel behavior due to symmetry breaking. Characterizing such dynamical symmetries is crucial, but the task is often challenging, due to limited driving strength and the lack of an experimentally accessible characterization protocol. Here, we show how to characterize dynamical symmetries including parity, rotation, and particle-hole symmetry by observing the symmetry-induced selection rules between Floquet states. Specifically, we exploit modulated quantum driving to reach the strong light-matter coupling regime and we introduce a protocol to experimentally extract the transition elements between Floquet states from the coherent evolution of the system. Using the nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond as an experimental testbed, we apply our methods to observe symmetry-protected dark states and dark bands, and the coherent destruction of tunneling effect. Our work shows how to exploit the quantum control toolkit to study dynamical symmetries that can arise in topological phases of strongly-driven Floquet systems.
Antireflection TiOx Coating with Metal Nanoparticles for Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Starowicz, Z.
name: Lipinski, M.
name: Piotrowski, T.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Material Studies, New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
New Materials, Cells and Modules

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 382-384
description: It is known that the light scattering from the metal particles deposited on the surfaces of cells can be
used for increasing light trapping in the solar cells. In this work plasmonic structures is composite materials consisted of
silver nanoparticles embedded in dielectric films of TiOx – used as cell antireflection coating. The films are deposited by
sol-gel method using spin–on technique. Microstructure of prepared samples is analyzed by SEM observation. Good
particles density was obtained by this simple, cheap and short time demanding method. We demonstrate that due to light
scattering by metal particles the plasmonic-ARC layer is more effective than TiOx layer without Ag nanoparticles.
Implementation of nanoparticles on bare cell surface was carried out too. Simulation studies on particles size were carried
out as well.
Microscopic Study of Electronic Properties of Individual Components of Nanostructured Solar Cells
Creators: name: Fejfar, A.
name: Neykova, N.
name: Vetushka, A.
name: Ledinsky, M.
name: Itoh, T.
name: Nakanishi, Y.
name: Nakamura, S.
name: Vanecek, M.
name: Kocka, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Material Studies, New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
Fundamental Material Studies

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 509-511
description: Local electronic properties and photoresponse at nanostructures for solar cells were studied by
conductive atomic force microscopy (AFM) in order to assess local electronic properties with resolution down to the
nanometre level. Novel approaches addressing the need to measure fragile nanostructures such as ZnO nanorods were
demonstrated based on torsional resonance or peak force conductive AFM.
Galaxy Clustering & Galaxy-Galaxy Lensing: A Promising Union to Constrain Cosmological Parameters
Creators: name: Cacciato, Marcello
name: Bosch, Frank C. van den
name: More, Surhud
name: Li, Ran
name: Mo, H. J.
name: Yang, Xiaohu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galaxy clustering and galaxy-galaxy lensing probe the connection between galaxies and their dark matter haloes in complementary ways. On one hand, the halo occupation statistics inferred from the observed clustering properties of galaxies are degenerate with the adopted cosmology. Consequently, different cosmologies imply different mass-to-light ratios for dark matter haloes. On the other hand, galaxy-galaxy lensing yields direct constraints on the actual mass-to-light ratios and it can be used to break this degeneracy, and thus to constrain cosmological parameters. In this paper we establish the link between galaxy luminosity and dark matter halo mass using the conditional luminosity function (CLF). We constrain the CLF parameters using the galaxy luminosity function and the luminosity dependence of the correlation lengths of galaxies. The resulting CLF models are used to predict the galaxy-galaxy lensing signal. For a cosmology with $(Ω_{\rm m},σ_8)=(0.238,0.734)$, the model accurately fits the galaxy-galaxy lensing data obtained from the SDSS. For a comparison cosmology with $(Ω_{\rm m},σ_8)=(0.3,0.9)$, however, we can accurately fit the luminosity function and clustering properties of the galaxy population, but the model predicts mass-to-light ratios that are too high, resulting in a strong overprediction of the galaxy-galaxy lensing signal. We conclude that the combination of galaxy clustering and galaxy-galaxy lensing is a powerful probe of the galaxy-dark matter connection, with the potential to yield tight constraints on cosmological parameters. Since this method mainly probes the mass distribution on non-linear scales, it is complementary to constraints obtained from the galaxy power-spectrum, which mainly probes the large-scale (linear) matter distribution.
description: 20 pages, 11 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Licht in dunkler Nacht
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: Unser Münster / Die Informationsschrift des Münsterbauvereins Breisach e.V.
Year: 2021

description: Unser Münster / Die Informationsschrift des Münsterbauvereins Breisach e.V., Nr. 59 (2021): Unser Münster: Kunstschätze des Münsters
Photoluminescence Imaging of as-Cut Wafers Combined with Lifetime Calibration by MW-PCD Technique
Creators: name: Korsós, F.
name: Csontos, J.
name: Kiss, Z.
name: Nádudvari, G.
name: Tüttö, P.
name: Tóth, Z.
name: Wilson, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Feedstock, Crystallisation and Wafering

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1068-1071
description: We present a new realization of in-line photoluminescence imaging combined with conventional
microwave photo-conductance decay (MW-PCD) measurements. Simultaneous MW-PCD lifetime measurement can
serve as in-situ calibration for photoluminescence imaging measurement converting the PL image captured by a CCD
or CMOS camera into a high resolution carrier lifetime map. In the present work the application of PLI method for
inspection of as-cut multicrystalline silicon wafers is in focus. Variation in surface conditions of the as-cut wafers
(especially saw damage region properties) can cause an uncontrolled PL signal level which depends on the actual
properties of the damaged region and not the electrical quality of the bulk. Etching the top layer off may increase PL
signal by a factor of 2-3. We show that although the damage region impacts the amplitude of MW-PCD transients,
the evaluated lifetime from the decay curves is independent of the properties of the surface damaged region. Thus,
using the lifetime values measured by MW-PCD on the actual as-cut wafers as a reference for calibration of PL
images, the resulted PLI lifetime maps are independent of the surface damage layer.
Flavoured Soft Leptogenesis
Creators: name: Fong, Chee Sheng
name: Gonzalez-Garcia, M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the impact of flavour in ``soft leptogenesis'' (leptogenesis induced by soft supersymmetry breaking terms). We address the question of how flavour effects can affect the region of parameters in which successful soft leptogenesis induced by CP violation in the right-handed sneutrino mixing is possible. We find that for decays which occur in the intermediate to strong washout regimes for all flavours, the produced total $B-L$ asymmetry can be up to a factor ${\cal O}(30)$ larger than the one predicted with flavour effects being neglected. This enhancement, permits slightly larger values of the required lepton violating soft bilinear term.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures. Version accepted in JHEP. Results unchanged
Multiple HC$_3$N line observations towards 19 Galactic massive star-forming regions
Creators: name: Feng, Huanxue
name: Wang, Junzhi
name: Li, Shanghuo
name: Shi, Yong
name: Zhu, Fengyao
name: Kong, Minzhi
name: Gao, Ripeng
name: Li, Fei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We performed observations of the HC$_3$N (24-23, 17-16, 11-10, 8-7) lines towards a sample consisting of 19 Galactic massive star-forming regions with the Arizona Radio Observatory 12-m and Caltech Submillimeter Observatory 10.4-m telescopes. HC$_3$N (24-23, 17-16, 11-10, 8-7) lines were detected in sources except for W44, where only HC$_3$N (17-16, 11-10) were detected. Twelve of the nineteen sources showed probable line wing features. The excitation temperatures were estimated from the line ratio of HC$_3$N (24-23) to HC$_3$N (17-16) for 18 sources and are in the range 23-57 K. The line widths of higher-$J$ transitions are larger than lower-$J$ ones for most sources. This indicates that the inner dense warm regions have more violent turbulence or other motions (such as rotation) than outer regions in these sources. A possible cutoff tendency was found around $L_{\rm IR}$ $\sim$ 10$^{6}$ $L_\odot$ in the relation between $L_{\rm IR}$ and full width at half maximum line widths.
description: Accepted for publication in PASJ
PV Systems - a Fire Hazard? - Myths and Facts from German Experiences
Creators: name: Laukamp, H.
name: Bopp, G.
name: Grab, R.
name: Häberlin, H.
name: V. Heeckeren, B.
name: Phillip, S.
name: Reil, F.
name: Schmidt, H.
name: Sepanski, A.
name: Thiem, H.
name: Vaassen, W.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: PV Systems
PV and Architecture

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3862-3867
description: After a few fire incidents in 2009 and 2010, where buildings with PV systems were involved,
were extensively covered by media, a project had been initiated to address all issues of “PV
on fire”. Investigations range from analysis of material used in PV modules over production
processes over fault analysis and installation guidelines to system documentation for fire
fighters and fire fighting procedures.
This paper addresses an investigation of some reported fire incidents with PV systems as
well as an online-query hazardous incidents and heat damages and fires of PV systems.
It was found that media reports on incidents sometimes drastically misrepresented what
actually happened. Heat damages were mainly reported from within modules and from
module connections. Surprisingly often DC-switches and AC installations of PV systems were identified as cause of fires.
George Bradford Brainard House, North Main Street, 1879
Creators: name: (:Unas)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1879
Subjects: Photographs
Photos
Historic buildings
East Hampton
Structures
Dwellings

description: This image shows a exterior view of the George Bradford Brainard House located at North Main Street. This image is courtesy of the Brooklyn Public Library and this reproduction was collected sometime from 1970 to 1982 as part of the East Hampton’s Heritage Photo Collection.
description: Images within East Hampton Heritage Photo Collection seem to have been taken or collected in relation to the East Hampton Heritage project, but not all of them were included in the final publication. Several photographer are included in this collection.
'Co' na świecie, 'Covid' w Europie i Ameryce?
Creators: name: Rafał Pązik
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Covid-19, pandemia, SARS-cov2, world, statistics

description: Covid-19 na "świecie". Zestawienie różnych statystyk z wykresami i tabelami- aktualizaja na 11 Luty 2021. Korekta danych dot. szczepień i uzupełnione o nowe szczepienia i NOP'y.
A New Study of the Transition to Uniform Nuclear Matter in Neutron Stars and Supernovae
Creators: name: Newton, W. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A comprehensive microscopic study of the properties of bulk matter at densities just below nuclear saturation $ρ_s = 2.5 \sim 10^{14}$ g cm$^{-3}$, zero and finite temperature and high neutron fraction, is outlined, and preliminary results presented. Such matter is expected to exist in the inner crust of neutron stars and during the core collapse of massive stars with $M \gtrsim 8M_{\odot}
description: 4 pages, 2 figures. Participant Contribution at the ``Dense Matter in Heavy Ion Collisions and Astrophysics" Summer School, JINR, Dubna, Aug. 21 - Sept. 1, 2006. To be published in PEPAN letters
St. Vitus – die ehemalige Pfarrkirche zu Wasenweiler
Creators: name: Heim, Ernst
name: Grom, Erwin
Publisher: name: Unser Münster / Die Informationsschrift des Münsterbauvereins Breisach e.V.
Year: 2021

description: Unser Münster / Die Informationsschrift des Münsterbauvereins Breisach e.V., Nr. 59 (2021): Unser Münster: Kunstschätze des Münsters
Using Ultra Long Period Cepheids to Extend the Cosmic Distance Ladder to 100 Mpc and Beyond
Creators: name: Bird, Jonathan C.
name: Stanek, K. Z.
name: Prieto, Jose L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the properties of 17 long period (80-180 days) and very luminous (median absolute magnitude of M_I= -7.93 and M_V= -7.03) Cepheids to see if they can serve as an useful distance indicator. We find that these Ultra Long Period (ULP) Cepheids have a relatively shallow Period-Luminosity (PL) relation, so in fact they are more "standard candle"-like than classical Cepheids. In the reddening-free Wesenheit index, the slope of the ULP PL relation is ~10 times less steep than the standard PL relation for the SMC Cepheids. The scatter of our sample about the W_I PL relation is 0.22 mag, approaching that of classical Cepheids and Type Ia Supernovae. We expect this scatter to decrease as bigger and more uniform samples of ULP Cepheids are obtained. We also measure a non-zero period derivative for one ULP Cepheid (SMC HV829) and use the result to probe evolutionary models and mass loss of massive stars. ULP Cepheids main advantage over classical Cepheids is that they are more luminous, and as such show great potential as stellar distance indicators to galaxies up to 100 Mpc and beyond.
description: Accepted for Publication in ApJ. 11 pages, 8 figures
The Peculiar Globular Cluster System of the S0 Galaxy NGC 7457
Creators: name: Chomiuk, Laura
name: Strader, Jay
name: Brodie, Jean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present HST photometry and Keck spectroscopy of globular clusters (GCs) in the nearby S0 galaxy NGC 7457. The V-I color-magnitude diagram of GCs lacks the clear bimodality present in most early-type galaxies; there may be a significant population of intermediate-color objects. Of 13 spectroscopically-observed GCs, two are unusually metal-rich and feature bright [O III] emission lines. We conclude that one probably hosts a planetary nebula and the other a supernova remnant. Such emission line objects should be more common in an intermediate-age stellar population than in an old one. We therefore suggest that, in addition to the typical old metal-rich and old metal-poor GC subpopulations, there may be a third subpopulation of intermediate age. Such a subpopulation may have been formed ~2-3 Gyr ago, in the same star-forming event that dominates the stellar population of the center of the galaxy.
description: Accepted to AJ
Continuous Time Random Walks in periodic systems: fluid limit and fractional differential equations on the circle
Creators: name: Calvo, Ivan
name: Carreras, B. A.
name: Sanchez, R.
name: van Milligen, B. Ph.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, the continuous time random walk on the circle is studied. We derive the corresponding generalized master equation and discuss the effects of topology, especially important when Levy flights are allowed. Then, we work out the fluid limit equation, formulated in terms of the periodic version of the fractional Riemann-Liouville operators, for which we provide explicit expressions. Finally, we compute the propagator in some simple cases. The analysis presented herein should be relevant when investigating anomalous transport phenomena in systems with periodic dimensions.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure. References added. Published version
Measuring accurate transit parameters
Creators: name: Winn, Joshua N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By observing the transits of exoplanets, one may determine many fundamental system parameters. I review current techniques and results for the parameters that can be measured with the greatest precision, specifically, the transit times, the planetary mass and radius, and the projected spin-orbit angle.
description: submitted to Proc. IAU Symp. No. 253, "Transiting Planets", eds. F. Pont et al., May 19-23, 2008, Cambridge, MA [11 pages]; some typos fixed and references added
A documentary analysis of the British Columbia school health programme (secondary)
Creators: name: Auman, Jane Tate
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The school health programme is an area within the school in which two distinctly different communities of teachers and health professionals are represented. It is a construct of unique and complex dimensions that has not been adequately addressed in the educational or health professional literature. This study claims that an investigation of selected teacher and health professional curricula documents has revealed an extensive school health programme that is officially prescribed at the secondary level. The first area is the presence of a hidden curriculum of health in the subjects of science, physical education, guidance and an explicit programme of health for school health professionals. The second area of research interest concerns the existence of diverse understandings about the school health programme that appear in the official curricula documents of the Ministries of Education and Health analyzed in this study. These understandings appear in the documents as teacher and health professional constructions of the social reality of the school health programme. Theoretically informed content analysis is used in this study to analyze the curricula documents. Specific theories from the sociology of knowledge have been utilized in constructing the framework from which the research questions and categories of analysis were derived. The analysis indicates that there is a poorly defined, loosely constituted plan of health teaching in science, physical education and guidance. The majority of health education objectives, beliefs and outcomes are hidden and interspersed within this curricula of the teaching community. In contrast, the curricula plan for the health professional is explicit and concisely delineated. Whereas the curricula of both communities display a wide variety of health related work and teaching and a diversity of understandings about health, the overall impression is that the school health programme at the secondary level in the province of British Columbia is an entity that is both unique and complex.
Nachbarschaftshilfe für den Kirchbau in Merdingen
Creators: name: Fahrer, Uwe
Publisher: name: Unser Münster / Die Informationsschrift des Münsterbauvereins Breisach e.V.
Year: 2021

description: Unser Münster / Die Informationsschrift des Münsterbauvereins Breisach e.V., Nr. 59 (2021): Unser Münster: Kunstschätze des Münsters
Tamm Cavity in the Terahertz Spectral Range
Creators: name: Messelot, Simon
name: Symonds, Clémentine
name: Bellessa, Joël
name: Tignon, Jérôme
name: Dhillon, Sukhdeep
name: Brubach, Jean-Blaise
name: Roy, Pascale
name: Mangeney, Juliette
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electromagnetic resonators, which are based on optical cavities or electronic circuits, are key elements to enhance and control light-matter interaction. In the THz range, current optical cavities exhibit very high-quality factors with $(λ/2)^3$ mode volumes limited by diffraction, whereas resonant electronic circuits show low quality factor but provide strong subwavelength effective volume ($10^{-6} λ^3$). To overcome the limitations of each type of resonator, great efforts are being devoted to improving the performances of current methods or to the emergence of original approaches. Here, we report on an optical resonator based on Tamm modes newly applied to the THz range, comprising a metallic layer on a distributed Bragg reflector and demonstrating a high-quality factor of 230 at $\sim$1 THz. We further experimentally and theoretically show a fine-tuning of the Tamm mode frequency (over a 250 GHz range) and polarization sensitivity by subwavelength structuration of the metallic layer. Electromagnetic simulations also reveal that THz Tamm modes are confined over a $λ$/2 length within the distributed Bragg reflector and can be ideally coupled to both bulk materials and 2D materials. These THz Tamm cavities are therefore attractive as basic building blocks of lasers, for the development of advanced THz optoelectronic devices such as sensitive detectors, high-contrast modulators, narrow filters, and polarizers, as well as for THz cavity quantum electrodynamics in nanostructures.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
The Page curve and baby universes
Creators: name: Marolf, Donald
name: Maxfield, Henry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Black hole thermodynamics suggests that, in order to describe the physics of distant observers, one may model a black hole as a standard quantum system with density of states set by the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy $S_\mathrm{BH}$. This idea has long been considered to be in strong tension with Hawking's prediction that radiation from black holes is nearly thermal, and with low-energy gravity more generally. But the past two years have shown that low-energy gravity does offer a self-consistent description of black hole evaporation consistent with the above idea, and which in particular reproduces the famous Page curve. We provide a brief overview of this new paradigm, focusing on Lorentz-signature asymptotically-flat spacetimes, and emphasising operationally-defined observables that probe the entropy of Hawking radiation.
description: 8 pages. Selected for Honorable Mention in the 2021 Gravity Research Foundation Essays Competition
Rotation and spots in normal A and Am/Fm stars
Creators: name: Trust, Otto
name: Jurua, Edward
name: De Cat, Peter
name: Joshi, Santosh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Frequency analysis of long-term ultra-precise photometry can lead to precise values of rotation frequencies of rotating stars with ``hump and spike'' features in their periodograms. Using these features, we computed the rotation frequencies and amplitudes. The corresponding equatorial rotational velocity ($v_{\rm rot}$) and spot size were estimated. On fitting the autocorrelation functions of the light-curves with the appropriate model, we determined the starspot decay-time scale. The $v_{\rm rot}$ agrees well with the projected rotational velocity ($v\,{\rm sin}\,i$) in the literature. Considering a single circular and black spot we estimate its radius from the amplitude of the ``spike''. No evidence for a significant difference in the average ``spike'' amplitude and spot radius was found for Am/Fm and normal A stars. Indeed, we derived an average value of $\rm \sim 21\pm2$ and $\sim 19\pm2\,{\rm ppm}$ for the photometric amplitude and of $\rm 1.01\,\pm\,0.13$ and $1.16\,\pm\,0.12\,R_{\rm E}$ for the spot radius (where $R_{\rm E}$ is the Earth radius), respectively. We do find a significant difference for the average spot decay-time scale, which amounts to $3.6\pm0.2$ and $1.5\pm0.2$ days for Am/Fm and normal A stars, respectively. In general, spots on normal A stars are similar in size to those on Am/Fm stars, and both are weaker than previously estimated. The existence of the ``spikes'' in the frequency spectra may not be strongly dependent on the appearance of starspots on the stellar surface. In comparison with G, K and M stars, spots in normal A and Am/Fm stars are weak which may indicate the presence of a weak magnetic field.
description: 20 pages, Published in MNRAS
Grabdenkmäler als Zeugen der Stadtgeschichte
Creators: name: Fahrer, Uwe
Publisher: name: Unser Münster / Die Informationsschrift des Münsterbauvereins Breisach e.V.
Year: 2021

description: Unser Münster / Die Informationsschrift des Münsterbauvereins Breisach e.V., Nr. 59 (2021): Unser Münster: Kunstschätze des Münsters
The Dartmouth Stellar Evolution Database
Creators: name: Dotter, Aaron
name: Chaboyer, Brian
name: Jevremovic, Darko
name: Kostov, Veselin
name: Baron, E.
name: Ferguson, J. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ever-expanding depth and quality of photometric and spectroscopic observations of stellar populations increase the need for theoretical models in regions of age-composition parameter space that are largely unexplored at present. Stellar evolution models that employ the most advanced physics and cover a wide range of compositions are needed to extract the most information from current observations of both resolved and unresolved stellar populations. The Dartmouth Stellar Evolution Database is a collection of stellar evolution tracks and isochrones that spans a range of [Fe/H] from -2.5 to +0.5, [alpha/Fe] from -0.2 to +0.8 (for [Fe/H] <=0) or +0.2 (for [Fe/H] >0), and initial He mass fractions from Y=0.245 to 0.40. Stellar evolution tracks were computed for masses between 0.1 and 4 Msun, allowing isochrones to be generated for ages as young as 250 Myr. For the range in masses where the core He flash occurs, separate He-burning tracks were computed starting from the zero age horizontal branch. The tracks and isochrones have been transformed to the observational plane in a variety of photometric systems including standard UBV(RI)c, Stromgren uvby, SDSS ugriz, 2MASS JHKs, and HST ACS-WFC and WFPC2. The Dartmouth Stellar Evolution Database is accessible through a website at http://stellar.dartmouth.edu/~models/ where all tracks, isochrones, and additional files can be downloaded.
description: 37 pages, 11 figures, accepted by ApJS
3D N = 1 SYM Chern-Simons theory on the Lattice
Creators: name: Elliott, Joshua W.
name: Moore, Guy D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a method to implement 3-dimensional N = 1 SUSY Yang-Mills theory (a theory with two real supercharges containing gauge fields and an adjoint Majorana fermion) on the lattice, including a way to implement the Chern-Simons term present in this theory. At nonzero Chern-Simons number our implementation suffers from a sign problem which will make the numerical effort grow exponentially with volume. We also show that the theory with vanishing Chern-Simons number is anomalous; its partition function identically vanishes.
description: v2, minor changes: expanded discussion in section III c, typos corrected, 17 pages, 9 figures