cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Integrable Aspects of Universal Quantum Transport in Chaotic Cavities
Creators: name: Kanzieper, Eugene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Painlevé transcendents discovered at the turn of the XX century by pure mathematical reasoning, have later made their surprising appearance -- much in the way of Wigner's "miracle of appropriateness" -- in various problems of theoretical physics. The notable examples include the two-dimensional Ising model, one-dimensional impenetrable Bose gas, corner and polynuclear growth models, one dimensional directed polymers, string theory, two dimensional quantum gravity, and spectral distributions of random matrices. In the present contribution, ideas of integrability are utilized to advocate emergence of an one-dimensional Toda Lattice and the fifth Painlevé transcendent in the paradigmatic problem of conductance fluctuations in quantum chaotic cavities coupled to the external world via ballistic point contacts. Specifically, the cumulants of the Landauer conductance of a cavity with broken time-reversal symmetry are proven to be furnished by the coefficients of a Taylor-expanded Painlevé V function. Further, the relevance of the fifth Painlevé transcendent for a closely related problem of sample-to-sample fluctuations of the noise power is discussed. Finally, it is demonstrated that inclusion of tunneling effects inherent in realistic point contacts does not destroy the integrability: in this case, conductance fluctuations are shown to be governed by a two-dimensional Toda Lattice.
description: A brief review mainly based on arXiv:0806.2784, arXiv:0902.3069 and arXiv:1111.5557; to appear in the Special Issue: Painlev\'e Equations -- Part II (Constructive Approximation, 2014)
Gravitational dispersion in a torsional wave machine
Creators: name: de la Madrid, Rafael
name: Gonzalez, Alejandro
name: Irwin, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that mechanical waves traveling in a torsional, mechanical wave machine exhibit dispersion due to gravity and the discreteness of the medium. We also show that although the dispersion due to discreteness is negligible, the dispersion due to gravity can be easily measured, and can be shown to disappear in a zero-gravity environment.
Tactile Perception in Adults with Autism: a Multidimensional Psychophysical Study
Creators: name: Essick, Gregory
name: Pelphrey, Kevin A.
name: Cascio, Carissa
name: Baranek, Grace
name: Folger, Stephen
name: McGlone, Francis
name: Tannan, Vinay
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Although sensory problems, including unusual tactile sensitivity, are heavily associated with autism, there is a dearth of rigorous psychophysical research. We compared tactile sensation in adults with autism to controls on the palm and forearm, the latter innervated by low-threshold unmyelinated afferents subserving a social/affiliative submodality of somatosensation. At both sites, the groups displayed similar thresholds for detecting light touch and innocuous sensations of warmth and cool, and provided similar hedonic ratings of the pleasantness of textures. In contrast, increased sensitivity to vibration was seen in the autism group on the forearm, along with increased sensitivity to thermal pain at both sites. These findings suggest normal perception along with certain areas of enhanced perception in autism, consistent with previous studies.
Cosmological inference from emulator based halo model I: Validation tests with HSC and SDSS mock catalogs
Creators: name: Miyatake, Hironao
name: Kobayashi, Yosuke
name: Takada, Masahiro
name: Nishimichi, Takahiro
name: Shirasaki, Masato
name: Sugiyama, Sunao
name: Takahashi, Ryuichi
name: Osato, Ken
name: More, Surhud
name: Park, Youngsoo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present validation tests of emulator-based halo model method for cosmological parameter inference, assuming hypothetical measurements of the projected correlation function of galaxies, $w_{\rm p}(R)$, and the galaxy-galaxy weak lensing, $Δ\!Σ(R)$, from the spectroscopic SDSS galaxies and the Hyper Suprime-Cam Year1 (HSC-Y1) galaxies. To do this, we use \textsc{Dark Emulator} developed in Nishimichi et al. based on an ensemble of $N$-body simulations, which is an emulation package enabling a fast, accurate computation of halo clustering quantities for flat-geometry $w$CDM cosmologies. Adopting the halo occupation distribution, the emulator allows us to obtain model predictions of $Δ\!Σ$ and $w_{\rm p}$ for the SDSS-like galaxies at a few CPU seconds for an input set of parameters. We present performance and validation of the method by carrying out Markov Chain Monte Carlo analyses of the mock signals measured from a variety of mock catalogs that mimic the SDSS and HSC-Y1 galaxies. We show that the halo model method can recover the underlying true cosmological parameters to within the 68\% credible interval, except for the mocks including the assembly bias effect (although we consider the unrealistically-large amplitude of assembly bias effect). Even for the assembly bias mock, we demonstrate that the cosmological parameters can be recovered {\it if} the analysis is restricted to scales $R\gtrsim 10~h^{-1}{\rm Mpc}$. We also show that, by using a single population of source galaxies to infer the relative strengths of $Δ\!Σ$ for multiple lens samples at different redshifts, the joint probes method allows for self-calibration of photometric redshift errors and multiplicative shear bias. Thus we conclude that the emulator-based halo model method can be safely applied to the HSC-Y1 dataset, achieving a precision of $σ(S_8)\simeq 0.04$.
description: 39 pages, 22 figures and 5 tables
Variational approach for spatial point process intensity estimation
Creators: name: Coeurjolly, Jean-François
name: Møller, Jesper
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce a new variational estimator for the intensity function of an inhomogeneous spatial point process with points in the $d$-dimensional Euclidean space and observed within a bounded region. The variational estimator applies in a simple and general setting when the intensity function is assumed to be of log-linear form $β+{θ}^{\top}z(u)$ where $z$ is a spatial covariate function and the focus is on estimating ${θ}$. The variational estimator is very simple to implement and quicker than alternative estimation procedures. We establish its strong consistency and asymptotic normality. We also discuss its finite-sample properties in comparison with the maximum first order composite likelihood estimator when considering various inhomogeneous spatial point process models and dimensions as well as settings were $z$ is completely or only partially known.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.3150/13-BEJ516 the Bernoulli (http://isi.cbs.nl/bernoulli/) by the International Statistical Institute/Bernoulli Society (http://isi.cbs.nl/BS/bshome.htm)
Rejuvenating the hope of a swampland consistent inflated multiverse with tachyonic inflation in the high energy RS-II Braneworld
Creators: name: Trivedi, Oem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The swampland conjectures from string theory have had some really interesting implications on cosmology, in particular on inflationary models. Some models of inflation have been shown to be incompatible with these criterion while some have been shown to be severely fine tuned, with most of these problems arising in single field inflationary models in a General relativistic cosmology. Recent works have although optimistically shown that single field models in more general cosmologies can be consistent with these conjectures and hence there is an optimism that not all such models lie in the swampland. However a paradigm of inflation which has been shown to not be perfectly okay with the conjectures is eternal inflation. So in this work, we discuss Tachyonic inflation in the high energy RS-II Braneworld scenario in the context of the swampland conjectures while also considering the possibility of swampland consistent eternal inflation. We show that our concerned regime evades all the prominent swampland issues for single field inflation being virtually unscathed. After this, we show that the main conflicts of eternal inflation with the swampland can easily be resolved in the considered tachyonic scenario and in particular, we also discuss the exciting prospect of a Generalized Uncertainty Principle facilitating the notion of Swampland consistent eternal inflation. Our work as a whole reignites the possibility that there can be a swampland (and possibly, quantum gravitationally) consistent picture of a "Multiverse".
description: v2, 22 pages with some changes, matches the published version in MPLA
Generativity Abilities Predict Communication Deficits but not Repetitive Behaviors in Autism Spectrum Disorders
Creators: name: Holtzclaw, Tia N.
name: Turner-Brown, Lauren M.
name: Lam, Kristen S. L.
name: Dichter, Gabriel S.
name: Bodfish, James W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) often demonstrate impaired generativity that is thought to mediate repetitive behaviors in autism (Turner in J Child Psychol Psychiatry, 40(6):839–849, 1999a). The present study evaluated generativity in children with and without ASD via the use-of-objects task (Turner in J Child Psychol Psychiatry, 40(2):189–201, 1999b) and an Animals Fluency Task (Lezak in Neuropsychological assessment. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1995). Groups differed significantly on two of four metrics from the Animals Fluency Task and two of seven metrics from the Use of Objects task. In the ASD sample, no significant relations were found between generativity and repetitive behaviors. Significant relations were found, however, between performance on the Animals Fluency Task and communication symptoms. Results replicate reports of generativity deficits in ASD and suggest that impaired generativity may reflect communication deficits that are characteristic of the disorder.
Shadow of topologically charged rotating braneworld black hole
Creators: name: Zhang, Hao-Ran
name: He, Peng-Zhang
name: Lei-Shao
name: Chen, Yuan
name: Hu, Xian-Ru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we discuss optical properties of the topologically charged rotating black hole. We study the horizon, the photon region, the shadow of the black hole and other observables. The results show that in addition to the black hole spin parameter $a$, the other two parameters, tidal charge $β$ and electric charge $q$, are also found to affect the horizon, the photon region and the black hole shadow. In a certain range, with the increase of the three parameters, the horizon distance, shape of the photon region and the black hole shadow will all shrink. Moreover, with the increase of these three parameters, the distortion parameter $δ_{s}$ gradually increases, while the peak of the black hole energy emission rate decreases.
title: Physics-informed emulation with applications in soft-tissue mechanics
Creators: name: Dalton, David
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2024

description: The development of mathematical models in the past generation has been transformative for a number of scientific disciplines. Mathematical models allow for causal effects to be examined, relationships between variables to be quantified, and hypotheses to be explored through the generation of synthetic data. One example of particular relevance for this work is the field of soft-tissue mechanics, where recent developments in modelling theory and practice have the potential for application in quantitative personalised medicine.
The sophistication of modern mathematical models extends far beyond the limits of analytical tractability, which means that numerical physics simulators are required for solutions to be found. Computer simulation algorithms have also seen tremendous development in the past generation. However, challenges remain with traditional simulation approaches, particularly their high computational costs in certain cases. An alternative method which can alleviate some of these challenges is emulation, whereby the simulator is replaced by a cheaper, data-driven surrogate model. Emulation however has its own drawbacks, in particular lack of explicit incorporation of known physical laws. In this work we make use of a new generation of methods which incorporate aspects of both physics simulators and data-driven emulators, which we call physics-informed emulation.
We first consider a model describing the behaviour of the left-ventricle (LV) of the heart in diastole, performing emulation with a Graph Neural Network (GNN) surrogate model. In contrast to more traditional emulation approaches, a GNN allows for the exact computational mesh representation of the LV to be modelled, without any approximations. Numerical experiments are performed which demonstrate that our approach can achieve strong out of sample predictive accuracy, while offering massive savings over the simulator at prediction time. We next extend the GNN emulation framework to a range of soft-tissue mechanical models, involving varying constitutive laws, boundary conditions and geometries. Furthermore, the emulator is trained by application of the Principle of Minimum Potential Energy, which has the advantage that no simulation data is required for training. The possible significance of this work is in enabling soft-tissue mechanical models to be deployed for real-time clinical decision support. Finally, we switch focus to consider how to integrate noisy observation data, linear PDE information and boundary conditions into a Gaussian process (GP) surrogate modelling framework. We demonstrate via theoretical analysis and numerical experiments that this integration can be done seamlessly and efficiently, and is especially useful for solving inverse problems.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL, INNOVATIVE WORK BEHAVIOUR, ORGANISATIONAL CULTURE AND KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT ON BUSINESS PERFORMANCE
Creators: name: Muhammad Laras Widyanto
name: Sri Kurniawati
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Intellectual Capital, Innovative Work Behaviour, Organizational Culture, Knowledge Management, Business Performance.

description: Abstract

In the era of competition in the competitive business industry, companies are required to always innovate to carry out their business activities. This study aims to examine how intellectual capital, innovative work behaviour, organizational culture and knowledge management affect business performance in the context of modern organisations. This research uses quantitative methods with surveys to collect data from employees and business owners. The study found that intellectual capital plays a key role in enhancing a company's competitiveness and innovation capabilities. Innovative work behaviour is proven to encourage the creation of creative solutions and improved operational efficiency. In addition, an organizational culture that supports collaboration and continuous learning contributes to a productive work environment. Knowledge management ensures effective management and utilisation of information for strategic decision-making. The findings suggest that the integration of these four factors significantly improves business performance, providing a solid foundation for companies to achieve competitive advantage and long-term growth.
Equal-time kinetic equations in a rotational field
Creators: name: Chen, Shile
name: Wang, Ziyue
name: Zhuang, Pengfei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate quantum kinetic theory for a massive fermion system under a rotational field. From the Dirac equation in curved space we derive the complete set of kinetic equations for the spin components of the covariant and equal-time Wigner functions. While the particles are no longer on a mass shell in general case due to the rotation-spin coupling, there are always only two independent components, which can be taken as the number and spin densities. With the help from the off-shell constraint we obtain the closed transport equations for the two independent components in classical limit and at quantum level. The classical rotation-orbital coupling controls the dynamical evolution of the number density, but the quantum rotation-spin coupling explicitly changes the spin density.
description: 12 pages
The Social Orienting Continuum and Response Scale (SOC-RS): A Dimensional Measure for Preschool-aged Children
Creators: name: Piven, Joseph
name: Steven Reznick, J.
name: Mosconi, Matthew W.
name: Mesibov, Gary
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Children with autism show deficits in social orienting, joint attention, orienting to their names, and social smiling as early as the first year of life. The present study describes the development of the Social Orienting Continuum and Response Scale (SOC-RS), a quantitative scale that is designed to be used in the context of video-recorded Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) sessions. The SOC-RS was shown to be reliable and valid, and when applied to a longitudinal sample of children with autism studied at 2 and 4 years of age, was shown to be sensitive to decreased levels of social referencing, joint attention, orientating to name, and social smiling in autism. The implications of these findings and potential applications of the SOC-RS are discussed.
The Cosmic Axion Background
Creators: name: Dror, Jeff A.
name: Murayama, Hitoshi
name: Rodd, Nicholas L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Existing searches for cosmic axions relics have relied heavily on the axion being non-relativistic and making up dark matter. However, light axions can be copiously produced in the early Universe and remain relativistic today, thereby constituting a Cosmic $\textit{axion}$ Background (C$a$B). As prototypical examples of axion sources, we consider thermal production, dark-matter decay, parametric resonance, and topological defect decay. Each of these has a characteristic frequency spectrum that can be searched for in axion direct detection experiments. We focus on the axion-photon coupling and study the sensitivity of current and future versions of ADMX, HAYSTAC, DMRadio, and ABRACADABRA to a C$a$B, finding that the data collected in search of dark matter can be repurposed to detect axion energy densities well below limits set by measurements of the energy budget of the Universe. In this way, direct detection of relativistic relics offers a powerful new opportunity to learn about the early Universe and, potentially, discover the axion.
description: 31 pages, 11 figures, v3: corrected the source term for resonant cavity instruments, conclusions unchanged
Mechanistic determination of tear film thinning via fitting simplified models to tear breakup
Creators: name: Luke, Rayanne A.
name: Braun, Richard J.
name: Begley, Carolyn G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 92-10

description: Purpose: To determine whether evaporation, tangential flow, or a combination of the two cause tear film breakup in a variety of instances; to estimate related breakup parameters that cannot be measured in breakup during subject trials; and to validate our procedure against previous work. Methods: Five ordinary differential equation models for tear film thinning were designed that model evaporation, osmosis, and various types of flow. Eight tear film breakup instances of five healthy subjects that were identified in fluorescence images in previous work were fit with these five models. The fitting procedure used a nonlinear least squares optimization that minimized the difference of the computed theoretical fluorescent intensity from the models and the experimental fluorescent intensity from the images. The optimization was conducted over the evaporation rate and up to three flow rate parameters. The smallest norm of the difference was determined to correspond to the model that best explained the tear film dynamics. Results: All of the breakup instances were best fit by models with time-dependent flow. Our optimal parameter values and thinning rate and fluid flow profiles compare well with previous partial differential equation model results in most instances. Conclusion: Our fitting procedure suggests that the combination of the Marangoni effect and evaporation cause most of the breakup instances. Comparison with results from previous work suggests that the simplified models can capture the essential tear film dynamics in most cases, thereby validating this procedure as one that could be used on many other instances.
description: 28 pages, 11 figures, 6 tables
Affective Modulation of the Startle Eyeblink and Postauricular Reflexes in Autism Spectrum Disorder
Creators: name: Benning, Stephen D.
name: Dichter, Gabriel S.
name: Holtzclaw, Tia N.
name: Bodfish, James W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Eyeblink and postauricular reflexes to standardized affective images were examined in individuals without (n = 37) and with (n = 20) autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Affective reflex modulation in control participants replicated previous findings. The ASD group, however, showed anomalous reflex modulation patterns, despite similar self-report ratings of pictures. Specifically, the ASD group demonstrated exaggerated eyeblink responses to pleasant images and exaggerated postauricular responses to unpleasant images. Although ASD is often conceptualized in terms of specific deficits in affective responding in the social domain, the present results suggest a domain-general pattern of deficits in affective processing and that such deficits may arise at an early phase in the stream of information processing.
Topological Thermal Hall Effect of Magnons in Magnetic Skyrmion Lattice
Creators: name: Akazawa, Masatoshi
name: Lee, Hyun-Yong
name: Takeda, Hikaru
name: Fujima, Yuri
name: Tokunaga, Yusuke
name: Arima, Taka-hisa
name: Han, Jung Hoon
name: Yamashita, Minoru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological transports of fermions are governed by the Chern numbers of the energy bands lying below the Fermi energy. For bosons, e.g. phonons and magnons in a crystal, topological transport is dominated by the Chern number of the lowest energy band when the band gap is comparable to the thermal energy. Here, we demonstrate the presence of topological transport by bosonic magnons in a lattice of magnetic skyrmions - topological defects formed by a vortex-like texture of spins. We find a distinct thermal Hall signal in the magnetic skyrmion phase of an insulating polar magnet GaV4Se8, identified as the topological thermal Hall effect of magnons governed by the Chern number of the lowest energy band of the magnons in a triangular lattice of magnetic skyrmions. Our findings lay a foundation for studying topological phenomena of other bosonic excitations through thermal Hall probe.
description: 24 pages, 5 figures, 1 Table and Supplementary Materials. To appear in Phys. Rev. Research
Таджикско-китайское культурное сотрудничество как важный аспект двустороннего стратегического партнерства
Creators: name: Алимов Рашид Кутбиддинович
Publisher: name: Китай в мировой и региональной политике. История и современность
Year: 2012
Subjects: ТАДЖИКИСТАН
КИТАЙ
ВЕЛИКИЙ ШЕЛКОВЫЙ ПУТЬ
ТАДЖИКСКО-КИТАЙСКОЕ СОТРУДНИЧЕСТВО
ДИАЛОГ КУЛЬТУР
ДОБРОСОСЕДСТВО
СОРАЗВИТИЕ

description: Подробно рассмотрев историческую ретроспективу формирования культурных связей Таджикистана и Китая, а также проследив процессы вызревания культурного диалога двух стран в процесс их цивилизационного взаимообогащения, автор приходит к выводу, что уважение к культурному многообразию стимулирует стремление сторон не только найти новые примеры исторических нитей, связывавших два соседних народа в прошлом, но и обогатить современный межкультурный диалог двух государств с тем, чтобы динамично развивающиеся таджикско-китайские отношения дружбы и сотрудничества крепли и прирастали новым содержанием.
Investigation of the temperature-dependence of ferromagnetic resonance and spin waves in Co2FeAl0.5Si0.5
Creators: name: Loong, Li Ming
name: Kwon, Jae Hyun
name: Deorani, Praveen
name: Yu, Chris Nga Tung
name: Hirohata, Atsufumi
name: Yang, Hyunsoo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Co2FeAl0.5Si0.5 (CFAS) is a Heusler compound that is of interest for spintronics applications, due to its high spin polarization and relatively low Gilbert damping constant. In this study, the behavior of ferromagnetic resonance as a function of temperature was investigated in CFAS, yielding a decreasing trend of damping constant as the temperature was increased from 13 to 300 K. Furthermore, we studied spin waves in CFAS using both frequency domain and time domain techniques, obtaining group velocities and attenuation lengths as high as 26 km/s and 23.3 um, respectively, at room temperature.
Label-free video-rate micro-endoscopy through flexible fibers via Fiber Bundle Distal Holography (FiDHo)
Creators: name: Badt, Noam
name: Katz, Ori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fiber-based micro-endoscopes are a critically important tool for minimally-invasive deep-tissue imaging. However, the state-of-the-art micro-endoscopes cannot perform three-dimensional imaging through dynamically-bent fibers without the use of bulky optical elements such as lenses and scanners at the distal end, increasing the footprint and tissue-damage. While great efforts have been invested in developing approaches that avoid distal bulky optical elements, the fundamental barrier of dynamic optical wavefront-distortions in propagation through flexible fibers, limits current approaches to nearly-static or non-flexible fibers. Here, we present an approach that allows holographic 3D bend-insensitive, coherence-gated, micro-endoscopic imaging, using commercially available multi-core fibers (MCFs). We achieve this by adding a miniature partially-reflecting mirror to the distal fiber-tip, allowing us to perform low-coherence full-field phase-shifting holography. We demonstrate widefield diffraction-limited reflection imaging of amplitude and phase targets through dynamically bent fibers at video-rates. Our approach holds great potential for label-free investigations of dynamic samples.
description: 28 pages, 6 figures plus 4 supplementary figures. Movies not included
Performance of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders on the Dimension-Change Card Sort Task
Creators: name: Holtzclaw, Tia N.
name: Turner-Brown, Lauren M.
name: Bodfish, James W.
name: Lam, Kristen S. L.
name: Radonovich, Krestin J.
name: Dichter, Gabriel S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Restricted and repetitive behaviors in autism spectrum disorders have been conceptualized to reflect impaired executive functions. In the present study, we investigated the performance of 6–17-year-old children with and without an autism spectrum disorder on a dimension-change card sort task that explicitly indicated sorting rules on every trial. Diagnostic groups did not differ in speed of responses after the first rule switch or in speed or accuracy on blocks with mixed versus single sort rules. However, performance of the ASD group was significantly slower and less accurate overall than the typically-developing group. Furthermore, within the ASD group, poorer DCCS task performance did not predict more severe autism symptoms. Implications for the executive dysfunction theory of autism are discussed.
Ärzte und Krankenpfleger sollen sich ihrer großen Verantwortung vor Gott bewußt sein
Creators: name: Grosche, Robert
Publisher: name: Herder Korrespondenz
Year: 1970

description: Herder Korrespondenz, Bd. 9 Nr. 8 (1954): Herder Korrespondenz, Band 9, Heft 8
Research Evaluation and Open Scholarship: Cultural resources, agents of change, and partnerships
Creators: name: Tatum, Clifford
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: open scholarship
Openness Profile
persistent identifiers
research policy
research evaluation

description: Within the community of policy makers and advocates of open scholarship, there is increasing awareness that (a) better recognition and reward of openness practices is a necessary condition for broad adoption of open scholarship, (b) top-down guidance (e.g. OS-CAM matrix), which is aimed at a wide range of national contexts and disciplinary practices, will require substantial cultural change to shift the priority of research evaluation toward principles of open scholarship and (c) bottom-up openness initiatives and practices must emerge from local contexts to enable relevant, sustainable change.

With this in mind, the Openness Profile is conceived as a contribution at the level of open infrastructure; providing lightweight, flexible resources that facilitate new ways of recognizing and rewarding contributions to open scholarship. Two key functions of this workshop are (1) to identify, discuss affordances and limitations of the OP concept, and (2) to explore the conditions needed to pilot the OP with specific evaluation use cases.

As such, the objective of this presentation is to situate the Openness Profile concept and aims within related discussions and/or initiatives. The aim of this approach is to help clarify an opportunity space for deploying the Openness Profile and thereby provide some common scaffolding for further discussions.
Engulfing a radio pulsar: the case of PSR J1023+0038
Creators: name: Zelati, F. Coti
name: Baglio, M. C.
name: Campana, S.
name: D'Avanzo, P.
name: Goldoni, P.
name: Masetti, N.
name: Muñoz-Darias, T.
name: Covino, S.
name: Fender, R. P.
name: Bailón, E. Jiménez
name: Otí-Floranes, H.
name: Palazzi, E.
name: Ramón-Fox, F. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The binary millisecond radio pulsar PSR J1023+0038 has been recently the subject of multiwavelength monitoring campaigns which revealed that an accretion disc has formed around the neutron star (since 2013 June). We present here the results of X-ray and UV observations carried out by the Swift satellite between 2013 October and 2014 May, and of optical and NIR observations performed with the REM telescope, the Liverpool Telescope, the 2.1-m telescope at the San Pedro Mártir Observatory and the 1.52-m telescope at the Loiano observing station. The X-ray spectrum is well described by an absorbed power law, which is softer than the previous quiescent epoch (up to 2013 June). The strong correlation between the X-ray and the UV emissions indicates that the same mechanism should be responsible for part of the emission in these bands. Optical and infrared photometric observations show that the companion star is strongly irradiated. Double-peaked emission lines in the optical spectra provide compelling evidence for the presence of an outer accretion disc too. The spectral energy distribution from IR to X-rays is well modelled if the contributions from the companion, the disc and the intra-binary shock emission are all considered. Our extensive data set can be interpreted in terms of an engulfed radio pulsar: the radio pulsar is still active, but undetectable in the radio band due to a large amount of ionized material surrounding the compact object. X-rays and gamma-rays are produced in an intra-binary shock front between the relativistic pulsar wind and matter from the companion and an outer accretion disc. The intense spin-down power irradiates the disc and the companion star, accounting for the UV and optical emissions.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures, 5 tables; accepted for publication on MNRAS
Revisiting the nature of the $P_c$ pentaquarks
Creators: name: Du, Meng-Lin
name: Baru, Vadim
name: Guo, Feng-Kun
name: Hanhart, Christoph
name: Meißner, Ulf-G.
name: Oller, José A.
name: Wang, Qian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of the three narrow $P_c$ states, i.e., $P_c(4312)$, $P_c(4440)$ and $P_c(4457)$, is under intense discussion since their discovery from the updated analysis by LHCb. In this work we extend our previous coupled-channel approach [Phys. Rev. Lett. \bf{124}, 072001 (2020)] by including the $Λ_c\bar{D}^{(*)}$ and $η_cp$ as explicitly in addition to the $J/ψp$, as required by unitarity and heavy quark spin symmetry (HQSS). Since inelastic parameters are very badly constrained by the current data, three schemes are considered: (a) scheme I with pure contact interactions and without the $Λ_c\bar D^{(*)}$ interactions, (b) scheme II, where the one-pion exchange is added to scheme I, and (c) scheme III, where the $Λ_c \bar D^{(*)}$ are included in addition. It is shown that to obtain cutoff independent results, OPE in the multichannel system is to be supplemented with $S$-$D$ mixing contact terms. We demonstrate that the experimental data for the $J/ψp$ invariant mass distribution are consistent with the interpretation of the $P_c(4312)$ and $P_c(4440)/P_c(4457)$ as $Σ_c\bar{D}$ and $Σ_c \bar{D}^{*}$ hadronic molecules, respectively, and that the data show clear evidence for a new narrow $P_c(4380)$, as a $Σ_c^*\bar D$ molecule, which should exist as a consequence of HQSS. While two equally good solutions are found in scheme I, only one of these solutions with the quantum numbers of the $P_c(4440)$ and $P_c(4457)$ being $J^P=3/2^-$ and $1/2^-$, respectively, survives the requirement of regulator independence once the OPE is included. Moreover, we predict the line shapes in the elastic and inelastic channels and demonstrate that those related to the $P_c(4440)$ and the $P_c(4457)$ in the corresponding $Σ_c^{(*)}\bar{D}$ and $η_cp$ mass distributions allow one to confirm the quantum numbers given above, once the data are available.
description: 57 pages, 14 figures, and 13 tables
Active Layer Thermal Properties and Vegetation Recovery at a Site Experiencing Acid Drainage Near Eagle Plains, Yukon Territory, Canada
Creators: name: Comerford, Nicolas
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2023
Subjects: acid drainage
permafrost
vegetation
talik

description: Acidic waters flowing over pyrite-rich shales are discharging near Eagle Plains, Yukon Territory, degrading the local vegetation and permafrost. Initial site investigations in 2005 found that high active layer soluble ion concentrations are likely preserving a supra-permafrost talik that recycles acidity from year to year. Using ground temperature measurements, we have determined that the loss of surface vegetation at the site has resulted in a 4°C to 6°C increase in ground surface and active later temperatures and a 1.7 to 5.1 times increase in active layer thermal diffusivity. Modeling has further shown that the change in energy balance at the ground surface accounts for the permafrost degradation at the site, and that the increased thickness of the active layer is sufficient to preserve the talik even under low salinity conditions. The thawing permafrost has however improved drainage and results in less surface runoff and improved groundwater flow that has disseminated acidity and contaminants throughout the active layer, leading to surface conditions that are more conducive to plant colonisation. Field investigations and analysis of satellite imagery demonstrate that this has reduced the surface expression of area affected by acid drainage by 53% from 2014 to 2021, and that successional changes in vegetation are occurring. Given long enough time periods, this may act as a negative feedback to permafrost degradation and allow the site to recover from past deterioration.
Are locally finite MV-algebras a variety?
Creators: name: Abbadini, Marco
name: Spada, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 06D35 (Primary), 18C05 (Secondary)

description: We answer Mundici's problem number 3 (D. Mundici. Advanced Łukasiewicz calculus. Trends in Logic Vol. 35. Springer 2011, p. 235): Is the category of locally finite MV-algebras equivalent to an equational class? We prove: (i) The category of locally finite MV-algebras is not equivalent to any finitary variety. (ii) More is true: the category of locally finite MV-algebras is not equivalent to any finitely-sorted finitary quasi-variety. (iii) The category of locally finite MV-algebras is equivalent to an infinitary variety; with operations of at most countable arity. (iv) The category of locally finite MV-algebras is equivalent to a countably-sorted finitary variety. Our proofs rest upon the duality between locally finite MV-algebras and the category of multisets by R. Cignoli, E. J. Dubuc and D. Mundici, and categorical characterisations of varieties and quasi-varieties proved by J. Duskin, J. R. Isbell, F. W. Lawvere and others. In fact no knowledge on MV-algebras is needed, apart from the aforementioned duality.
Play it Again Sam! or How I Learned to Love Large Language Models
Creators: name: Palat, Vijaykumar
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 80309 Software Engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In our work as advisors in software and AI engineering, we are often asked about the efficacy of large language model (LLM) tools like Copilot, GhostWriter, or Tabnine. Recent innovation in the building and curation of LLMs demonstrates powerful tools for the manipulation of text. By finding patterns in large bodies of text, these models can predict the next word to write sentences and paragraphs of coherent content. The concern surrounding these tools is strong – from New York schools banning the use of ChatGPT to Stack Overflow and Reddit banning answers and art generated from LLMs. While many applications are strictly limited to writing text, a few applications explore the patterns to work on code, as well. The hype surrounding these applications ranges from adoration (“I’ve rebuilt my workflow around these tools”) to fear, uncertainty, and doubt (“LLMs are going to take my job”). In the Communications of the ACM, Matt Welsh goes so far as to declare we’ve reached “The End of Programming.” While integrated development environments have had code generation and automation tools for years, in this post I will explore what new advancements in AI and LLMs mean for software development.
Cloud and Star Formation in Spiral Arms
Creators: name: Dobbs, Clare
name: Pettitt, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results from simulations of GMC formation in spiral galaxies. First we discuss cloud formation by cloud-cloud collisions, and gravitational instabilities, arguing that the former is prevalent at lower galactic surface densities and the latter at higher. Cloud masses are also limited by stellar feedback, which can be effective before clouds reach their maximum mass. We show other properties of clouds in simulations with different levels of feedback. With a moderate level of feedback, properties such as cloud rotations and virial parameters agree with observations. Without feedback, an unrealistic population of overly bound clouds develops. Spiral arms are not found to trigger star formation, they merely gather gas into more massive GMCs. We discuss in more detail interactions of clouds in the ISM, and argue that these are more complex than early ideas of cloud-cloud collisions. Finally we show ongoing work to determine whether the Milky Way is a flocculent or grand design spiral.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, to be published in Seychelles conference "Lessons from the Local Group", ed. K. C. Freeman, B. G. Elmegreen, D. L. Block, and M. Woolway (Dordrecht: Springer), 2014
Brief Report: Circumscribed Attention in Young Children with Autism
Creators: name: Sasson, Noah J.
name: Elison, Jed T.
name: Bodfish, James W.
name: Turner-Brown, Lauren M.
name: Dichter, Gabriel S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: School-aged children and adolescents with autism demonstrate circumscribed attentional patterns to nonsocial aspects of complex visual arrays (Sasson et al.2008). The current study downward extended these findings to a sample of 2–5 year-olds with autism and 2–5 year-old typically developing children. Eye-tracking was used to quantify discrete aspects of visual attention to picture arrays containing combinations of social pictures, pictures of objects frequently involved in circumscribed interests in persons with autism (e.g., trains), and pictures of more commonplace objects (e.g., clothing). The children with autism exhibited greater exploration and perseverative attention on objects related to circumscribed interests than did typically developing children. Results suggest that circumscribed attention may be an early emerging characteristic of autism.
Effects of a Family-Implemented Treatment on the Repetitive Behaviors of Children with Autism
Creators: name: Boyd, Brian A.
name: Rupp, Betty
name: Khan, Faraaz
name: Bodfish, James W.
name: McDonough, Stephen G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: The restricted and repetitive behaviors of children with autism can interfere with family functioning as well as learning and socialization opportunities for the child. To date, neither pharmacological nor comprehensive behavioral treatments have been found to be consistently effective at significantly reducing children’s engagement in repetitive behaviors. We developed Family-Implemented Treatment for Behavioral Inflexibility (FITBI) to target the full variety of repetitive behaviors found in autism. For the current study, a therapist and parents of five children with autism (mean age = 48 months) co-implemented FITBI in a clinic setting over a 12-week treatment period. Using single case design methodology, significant reductions in repetitive behaviors were found for all participants and maintenance of treatment effects for 4 of 5 participants.
First-Principles Phonon Quasiparticle Theory Applied to a Strongly Anharmonic Halide Perovskite
Creators: name: Tadano, Terumasa
name: Saidi, Wissam A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding and predicting lattice dynamics in strongly anharmonic crystals is one of the long-standing challenges in condensed matter physics. Here we propose a first-principles method that gives accurate quasiparticle (QP) peaks of the phonon spectrum with strong anharmonic broadening. On top of the conventional first-order self-consistent phonon (SC1) dynamical matrix, the proposed method incorporates frequency renormalization effects by the bubble self-energy within the QP approximation. We apply the developed methodology to the strongly anharmonic $α$-CsPbBr$_3$ that displays phonon instability within the harmonic approximation in the whole Brillouin zone. While the SC1 theory significantly underestimates the cubic-to-tetragonal phase transition temperature (\tc) by more than 50\%, we show that our approach yields \tc = 404--423~K, in excellent agreement with the experimental value of 403~K. We also demonstrate that an accurate determination of QP peaks is paramount for quantitative prediction and elucidation of phonon linewidth..
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
NGOs im Israel-Palästina-Konflikt: Eine kritische Analyse der Arbeit vermittelnder NGOs anhand der ethischen Prinzipien der Sozialen Arbeit
Creators: name: D'Alessandro, Carlotta
name: Stadler, Alexandra
Publisher: name: Hochschule Luzern – Soziale Arbeit
Year: 2024

description: Der Israel-Palästina-Konflikt hat über Generationen hinweg tiefgreifende Auswirkungen und ist am 7. Oktober 2023 erneut eskaliert, was zu einer Intensivierung internationaler Spannungen führte.

Die Arbeit: NGOs im Israel-Palästina-Konflikt: Eine kritische Analyse der Arbeit vermittelnder NGOs anhand der ethischen Prinzipien der Sozialen Arbeit von Carlotta D'Alessandro und Alexandra Stadler untersucht die folgende Frage. «Wie ist die Arbeit partizipativ ausgerichteter, lokaler NGOs im Israel-Palästina-Konflikt aus Sicht der menschenrechtsgeleiteten Arbeitsprinzipien der Sozialen Arbeit zu bewerten?»

Es werden Handlungstheorien der Sozialen Arbeit als Menschenrechtsprofession sowie theoretische Konzepte zur kollektiven Vergebung beleuchtet. Die Rolle lokaler NGOs im Konflikt unter Berücksichtigung der ethischen Prinzipien der Sozialen Arbeit wird untersucht. Durch die Methode der qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse, wird die Mediationsarbeit der NGOs zur Förderung von Menschenrechten, sozialer Gerechtigkeit und friedlicher Koexistenz analysiert. Zur Erhebung der Informationen wurden Expert*inneninterviews durchgeführt. Die Forschung verdeutlicht, wie NGOs durch Begegnungsräume Brücken bauen, indem sie individuelle Erfahrungen und Bedürfnisse teilen. Des Weiteren wird der aus der Theorie und der Forschung dargelegt, welche ethischen Standpunkte die Soziale Arbeit in Konflikten einnehmen soll. Die Autorinnen formulieren daraus Handlungsorientierungen für Professionelle der Sozialen Arbeit. Abschließend wird die Bedeutung der NGO-Ansätze im Kontext der Sozialen Arbeit verortet und kritisch diskutiert.
description: + Code Diss LU: hslusa basa be + Fussnote: Bachelor-Arbeit, Hochschule Luzern – Soziale Arbeit, Studienrichtung Sozialarbeit, 2024 + NL-Code: NLLUHSA202409