Anthidiellum (Pycnanthidium) apicatum Smith
Creators: name: Eardley, Connal
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Megachilidae
Anthidiellum
Anthidiellum apicatum

description: Anthidiellum (Pycnanthidium) apicatum (Smith)
(Figs 32–34)
Anthidium apicatum SMItH, 1879: 84, FEMALE HOLOtyPE (NHML, NOt EXAMINED) NAtAL, SOUtH AFRIcA.
Anthidium (Pachyanthidium) apicatum SMItH: FRIESE 1905: 66.
Pygnanthidiellum (Pygnanthidiellum) [!] apicatum (SMItH): MAVROMOUStAKIS 1963: 492.
Anthidiellum (Pycnanthidiellum) apicatum (SMItH): PAStEELS 1984: 98, 165.
Dianthidium spilotum COcKERELL, 1920: 299, FEMALE HOLOtyPE (NHML, NOt EXAMINED) KARKLOOF, SOUtH AFRIcA. syn. nov.
Anthidiellum (Pyganthidiellum) spilotum (COcKERELL): MIcHENER AND GRISWOLD 1994: 301.
Dianthidium melanocephalum COcKERELL, 1920: 298 –299, 300, FEMALE LEctOtyPE, tWO FEMALE PARALEctOtyPES (SAMC, EXAMINED, NHML EXAMINED) BLUFF, DURBAN, SOUtH AFRIcA; PAStEELS 1984: 98. syn. nov.
Anthidium kimberleyana FRIESE, 1922: 30–31, FEMALE HOLOtyPE (ZMHB, EXAMINED) KIMBERLEy, SOUtH AFRIcA.
Anthidiellum (Pygnanthidiellum) kimberleyana (FRIESE): PAStEELS 1969: 46–47; PAStEELS 1984: 106, SyN.
Anthidium capuzinum FRIESE, 1925: 510–511, MALE AND FEMALE SyNtyPES (ZMHB, EXAMINED) LOVEDALE, ZIMBABWE; PAStEELS 1984: 106, SyN.
The synonymy of spilotum and apicatum is a consequence of Pasteels’ (1984) synonymy of the former with capuzinum, the latter with melanocephalum, and my examination of the name bearing types of capuzinum and melanocephalum. Further, the type series of melanocephalum comprises two distinct species, A.apicatum and A. zebra. Therefore, a lectotype has been designated.
Diagnosis. Within this species-group, in which the upper female clypeus edge is about horizontal (Fig. 1b), A. apicatum has a uniquely mostly, or entirely black clypeus. The male T7 is acutely pointed posteromedially (Fig. 33c), as in A. sternale. It is truncate in A. bipectinatum. The S5 lateral comb is moderately wide, yet only contains about 5 setae (Fig. 33i). It is wider in A. bipectinatum (with many setae) and narrower in A. sternale (with about five setae).
Description. Female. Integument mostly black, very limited, variable pale yellow maculation sometimes on lower paraocular area, ventrolateral clypeus, legs, lateral T1–T3, dorsolatertal T4–T5, center of T6. Scopa pale yellow (Fig. 32a–c). Lengths: face 2.1–2.3 mm; scutum 1.5–1.8 mm; forewing 4.7–4.9 mm; body 5.2–5.4 mm. Structure. Head. Epistomal suture flattish above (Fig. 1b); lower epistomal suture projection between antennal sockets (Fig. 1b); preoccipital area rounded; omaulus carinate; fore and middle femora with sparse, simple vestiture posteriorly; hind basitarsus narrow (length 2x width); propodeum anterior and vertical surfaces not discretely separated, punctate dorsolaterally, glabrous and shiny mediolongitudinally and ventrally.
Male. Integument mostly black, limited, variable pale yellow maculation on lower face (mediolongitudinal interantennal socket area, epstomal suture and subantennal suture black), mandible, vertex, pronotal lobe, lateral scutum, posterolateral scutellum, ventral forefemur, dorsal foretibia and forebasitarsus, distal middle femur, dorsal middle tibia and basitarsus, dorsal hind tibia (black mesoanteriorly) and basitarsus, lateral T1–T4, most of T4–T7; distal margins T1–T2 black and T3–T6 translucent orange; metasomal venter blackish. Lengths: head 2.1 mm; scutum 1.6 mm; forewing 4.7 mm; body 4.8 mm. Structure. Head. Preoccipital area rounded on gena; omaulus carinate; forebasitarsus with long posterior fringe; propodeum anterior and vertical surfaces weakly separated, punctate dorsolaterally, glabrous and shiny, and shiny mediolongitudinally and ventrally; distal margins of T1–T6 narrowly impunctate; T6 dorsal surface swollen medioposteriorly (Fig. 33c); T7 dorsal surfaces with mediolongitudinal keel, distal edge acutely pointed, dorsal and ventral views (Fig. 33c); S2 unmodified, S3 slight mediolongitudinal keel, S4 broadly concave posterior edge (Fig. 33d); S5 broadly concave, lateral comb with about 5 long, thick, black setae (Fig. 33d, i); S6–S8 and gonocoxa as illustrated (Fig. 30d–h).
FIGURE 33. Anthidiellum apicatum, MALE. A. FAcE. B. HABItUS. c. T6–T7. D. S5. E. GONOStyLUS. F. S8. g. S7. H. S 6. I. S5.
Distribution (Fig. 34). Anthidiellum apicatum is wide-spread through Africa south of the Equator.
Material examined. Type material. Female lectotype of Dianthidium melanocephalum: ‘Bluff Durban 134. i.17 C.N.Barker Ac.No. 2000, Dianthidium melanocephalum Ckll. Cotype, Cockerell determ., Dianthidium melanocephalum Ckll J. Pasteels det., 1963’, SAMC—B004313. Female holotype of Anthidium kimberleyana: ‘Kimberley B.O. Power Jan 1913, Anthidium kimberleyana Fr. ♀ 1915 Friese det., Type Holo Type, Anthidium kimberleyana Fr. J. Pasteels det., 1963’, ZMHB. Male syntype of Anthidium capuzinum: ‘Tsumeb S.W. Protect., Anthidium capuzinum Fr. M ♂ 1920 Friese det., Type, Holo Type, Anthidium capuzinum Fr. J. Pasteels det., 1963, NOT TYPE R. Urban 2005’, ZMHB.
Additional material. Congo. Brazzaville, Gomanagoma, 04.02.488S 12.12.997E, 12–16.x.2007, Darwin Project (2♀ RBINS). Mozambique. Manje, 15km SSE, 15.29S 33.16E, 2–4.xii.2005, M. Kadlecova (1♂ SC). Zimbabwe. Cashel, 29–30.xii.1947, (2♀ SAMC). South Africa. Happy Rest, 22.55S 29.44E, 8.i.2004, C.D. Eardley (4♀ 1♂ SANC); Mogol Nature Reserve, Ellisras district, 23.58S 27.45E, 25–26.i.1982, C.D. Eardley (1♂ SANC); Woodbush, xii.1914, C.J. Swierstra (1♀ TMSA); Kosi Bay, 26.58S 32.48E, 10–11.ii.1990, C.D. Eardley (1♀ SANC); Bluff, Durban, 28.i.1917, C.N. Barker, Anthidium melanocephalum Ckll (1♀1♂ SANC); Durban, 6.xi.1908, 10.i.1910, G. Leigh (1♂ TMSA); Rooikrans dam, 30km WN King William’s Town, 12.xii.2002, J. Halada (1♂ SC); Resolution, Albany district, 21.i.1928, A. Walton (1♀ TMSA); Crystal Warters, Breedtsnek, 4.ii.1962, H. Empey (1♀1♂ SANC); Fanies Isalnd, Camp, St. Lucia, 28.10S 32.25E, 14–16.i.1981, C.D. Eardley (1♀ SANC).
description: Published as part of Eardley, Connal, 2018, Taxonomic revision of the sub-Saharan Anthidiellum Cockerell (Apoidea: Megachilidae: Anthidiini), pp. 201-250 in Zootaxa 4402 (2) on pages 240-243, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4402.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1208804