cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Armed conflict, alcohol misuse, decision-making, and intimate partner violence among women in Northeastern Uganda: a population level study
Creators: name: Mootz, Jennifer J.
name: Muhanguzi, Florence K.
name: Panko, Pavel
name: Mangen, Patrick O.
name: Wainberg, Milton L.
name: Pinsky, Ilana
name: Khoshnood, Kaveh
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: World health
Psychiatry
War
Women--Alcohol use
Intimate partner violence
Medical care--Decision making

description: Background
                Relations among and interactions between exposure to armed conflict, alcohol misuse, low socioeconomic status, gender (in)equitable decision-making, and intimate partner violence (IPV) represent serious global health concerns. Our objective was to determine extent of exposure to these variables and test pathways between these indicators of interest.

                Methods
                We surveyed 605 women aged 13 to 49 who were randomly selected via multistage sampling across three districts in Northeastern Uganda in 2016. We used Mplus 7.4 to estimate a moderated structural equation model of indirect pathways between armed conflict and intimate partner violence for currently partnered women (n = 558) to evaluate the strength of the relationships between the latent factors and determine the goodness-of-fit of the proposed model with the population data.

                Results
                Most respondents (88.8%) experienced conflict-related violence. The lifetime/ past 12 month prevalence of experiencing intimate partner violence was 65.3%/ 50.9% (psychological) and 59.9%/ 43.8% (physical). One-third (30.7%) of women’s partners reportedly consumed alcohol daily. The relative fit of the structural model was superior (CFI = 0.989; TLI = 0.989). The absolute fit (RMSEA = 0.029) closely matched the population data. The partner and joint decision-making groups significantly differed on the indirect effect through partner alcohol use (a1b1 = 0.209 [0.017: 0.467]).

                Conclusions
                This study demonstrates that male partner alcohol misuse is associated with exposure to armed conflict and intimate partner violence—a relationship moderated by healthcare decision-making. These findings encourage the extension of integrated alcohol misuse and intimate partner violence policy and emergency humanitarian programming to include exposure to armed conflict and gendered decision-making practices.
Ideas for addressing electronic harassment among adolescents attending a video blogging convention
Creators: name: Selkie, Ellen
name: Evans, Yolanda
name: Ton, Adrienne
name: Midamba, Nikita
name: Moreno, Megan A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Cyberbullying
Teenagers
Harassment--Prevention
Technology

description: Background
                Electronic harassment affects 20–40% of adolescents and has been associated with significant negative outcomes including physical (ex. headache, abdominal pain), psychological (ex. depression, anxiety), and psychosocial (ex. school avoidance) problems. Evidence-based strategies to address electronic harassment are lacking, and few studies have incorporated adolescent input into intervention design. The purpose of this study was to use a novel data collection approach to determine perspectives on electronic harassment intervention and prevention from a targeted group of highly engaged adolescent technology users.

                Methods
                We conducted a qualitative survey of a purposeful sample of adolescents age 14 to 18 who were attending a video blogger convention in Seattle, Washington. Participants were approached by research staff and asked to read a vignette about an adolescent target of electronic harassment, then write down ideas for helping the target and/or preventing the scenario. Written responses were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach with an iterative comparative method to resolve any code discrepancies. We subsequently categorized codes into thematic code families to reach consensus about significant themes.

                Results
                67 eligible adolescents completed the survey. 91% of participants were female with a mean age of 15.3 years (SD = 1.3). Code families emerged regarding people who could be involved in responses to electronic harassment: (1) Individuals targeted by electronic harassment, (2) Friends and bystanders, (3) Adults, and (4) Social media websites and policymakers.

                Conclusions
                Findings demonstrate adolescent technology users’ views on several creative strategies to prevent or intervene with electronic harassment. These strategies can be categorized using a socioecological framework, demonstrating potential to address electronic harassment on multiple levels. Many suggested responses involved the target of electronic harassment, rather than the perpetrator; future education efforts may require additional focus on perpetrators for more upstream prevention.
Coastal high-tide shorebird habitat management guidelines
Creators: name: Jackson, Micha V
name: Straw, Phill
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 50202 Conservation and Biodiversity
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 50205 Environmental Management
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Guidelines for maintaining and managing naturalor artificial (i.e. human-created) coastal wetlands to providesuitable high tide roosting conditions for shorebirds in theEast Asian-Australasian Flyway
The peak energy of dissipative GRB photospheres
Creators: name: Giannios, Dimitrios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The radiation released at the transparency radius of an ultrarelativistic flow can account for the observed properties of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) provided that sufficient energy is dissipated in the sub-photospheric region. Here, I investigate how the peak energy of the E*f(E) spectrum and its overall shape depend on the properties of the jet for various "dissipative photospheres". I find that continuous energy release which results in electron heating over a wide range of distances may be the key to explain the GRB emission. In this picture, the peak of the spectrum forms at a Thomson optical depth of several tens. The peak depends mainly on the bulk Lorentz factor Gamma of the flow and can, therefore, be used to determine it. The Gamma is predicted to range from ~10 to 1000 from X-ray flashes to the brightest observed GRBs in agreement with recent observational inferences. The Amati relation can be understood if the brightest bursts are the least baryon loaded ones. Implications from this interpretation of the GRB emission for the central engine are discussed.
description: 7 pages, 3 Figures, MNRAS, accepted for publication
title: Maritime Mastery: An Appendage of the West Indian Plantation and New England in Colonial Canada
Creators: name: Eaton, Jesse R.
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Slavery
subject: Canada
subject: Maritimes
subject: Nova Scotia
subject: Caribbean
subject: West Indies
subject: History--Black
subject: History--Canadian

description: Scholarship on the development of slavery in the colonial Maritimes region during the pre-Loyalist period remains scarce, with even fewer studies examining slave ownership. By situating the expansion of slaveholding in the region (that makes up present-day Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and Prince Edward Island) within the Atlantic world socio-economic context, I show how Maritime society reproduced anti-Black attitudes and slaving practices found in West Indian slave societies. Through trading and social relationships with New Englanders, the region’s colonisation became tethered to the Caribbean. New England’s commercial dependence on West Indian plantations beginning in 1637, and expanding thereafter, fostered intra-regional mercantile and military ventures, bringing their Caribbean partnerships into the Maritimes after the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713. The social aspects of these commercial interactions reveal how settling New Englanders transplanted their ideological, interpersonal, and familial connections to the Caribbean and their slaveholding norms to the Maritimes. By comparing Maritime slave-owning practices to those found in the West Indies, we see Maritime slaveholding to be, in many ways, a mere extension of the plantation regime.
Stellar Populations and Radial Migrations in Virgo Disk Galaxies
Creators: name: Roediger, Joel C.
name: Courteau, Stephane
name: Sanchez-Blazquez, Patricia
name: McDonald, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present stellar age profiles for 64 Virgo cluster disk galaxies whose analysis poses a challenge for current galaxy formation models. Our results can be summarized as follows: first, and contrary to observations of field galaxies, these cluster galaxies are distributed almost equally amongst the three main types of disk galaxy luminosity profiles (I/II/III), indicating that the formation and/or survival of Type II breaks is suppressed within the cluster environment. Second, we find examples of statistically-significant inversions ("U-shapes") in the age profiles of all three disk galaxy types, reminescent of predictions from high-resolution simulations of classically-truncated Type II disks in the field. These features characterize the age profiles for only about a third (<36%) of each disk galaxy type in our sample. An even smaller fraction of cluster disks (~11% of the total sample), exhibit age profiles which decrease outwards (i.e., negative age gradients). Instead, flat and/or positive age gradients prevail (>50%) within our Type I, II and III sub-samples. These observations thus suggest that while stellar migrations and inside-out growth can play a significant role in the evolution of all disk galaxy types, other factors contributing to the evolution of galaxies can overwhelm the predicted signatures of these processes. We interpret our observations through a scenario whereby Virgo cluster disk galaxies formed initially like their bretheren in the field but which, upon falling into the cluster, were transformed into their present state through external processes linked to the environment. Current disk galaxy formation models fail to reproduce these results, thus calling for adequate hydrodynamical simulations of dense galaxy environments, for which the current paper provides many constraints. [Abridged]
description: 47 pages, 10 figures. ApJ, in press. Full resolution version available at http://www.astro.queensu.ca/~courteau/papers/migrations2012.pdf
title: Implementation of an In-Shelter Drug Poisoning Management Program in Calgary, AB: A Qualitative Study of Staff Perspectives and Experiences
Creators: name: Aryal, Sarina
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Substance use
subject: Homelessness
subject: Medical Care
subject: Emergency Response
subject: Shelter
subject: Harm Reduction
subject: Public Health
subject: Public and Social Welfare

description: Background: Substance use has disproportionately impacted people with lived experience of homelessness (PWLEH) and the organizations that support them. Emergency housing shelters continue to experience a significant increase in drug poisoning events, while having limited medical training to appropriately respond to them. In-shelter drug poisoning management programs have emerged as potential solution to this issue, by having on-site medically trained healthcare professionals present to provide emergent medical care for these events. However, limited information exists on the implementation of these program in shelters. Objective: To explore the implementation of the newly implemented in-shelter drug poisoning management program, the Riverfront Dynamic Overdose Response Capacity (DORC) program, through the perspectives and experiences of staff involved in its development and delivery. Methods: A qualitative descriptive study using an ethnographic approach was used for this study. Participants were staff at the Calgary Drop-In Centre including dedicated program staff, program planners, and general shelter staff. Data collection involved interviews and field notes which were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach. Data were coded inductively by two independent coders. These codes were combined to develop themes which were reviewed and refined both individually and within the larger research group. Findings: Twenty staff members involved in the development and delivery of the program participated in 17 interviews and 6 observations. The Riverfront DORC program was perceived to be beneficial in responding to drug poisoning events and other emergent medical needs because of the onsite emergency medical team. However, participants perceived that the program led Riverfront DORC program clients to experience isolation from social or recreational opportunities and other supports found in other areas of the building. Lastly, participants commented on the challenges with the implementation of the program due to micro-and-macro factors such as limited communication between program planners and frontline staff, competing spatial and staffing needs, and conflicting policies around drug use in the building. Conclusion: The findings of this study describe the key aspects of implementation that affected the optimal delivery of in-shelter drug poisoning management programs. Shelters intending to implement similar programs must take into considerations the micro and macro factors that may act as a barrier for successful implementation.
Compound glycyrrhiza oral solution alleviates oxidative stress and inflammation by regulating SRC/MAPK pathway in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Creators: name: Xu, Xiaolin
name: Huang, Mulan
name: Duan, Xiaofeng
name: Liu, Hongyu
name: Zhang, Wei
name: Li, Dan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology

description: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) suffer from persistent cough and breathlessness, which can be ameliorated by the Chinese herbal medicine glycyrrhiza. Furthermore, the SRC/MAPK pathway is activated in the process of oxidative stress and inflammation, which afflict COPD progression. Thus, this research aimed at dissecting the mechanism of compound glycyrrhiza oral solution (CGOS) relieving oxidative stress and inflammation in COPD via the SRC/MAPK pathway. After a COPD rat model was established using lipopolysaccharide and cigarette smoke, rats underwent intragastric administration with CGOS and intratracheal injection with LV-NC and LV-SRC lentivirus into lungs. Then, pulmonary function-related indexes were evaluated, followed by analyses of arterial blood and inflammatory cell number in prepared bronchoalveolar lavage fluids. Meanwhile, the contents of oxidative stress-related indicators (malondialdehyde, 3NT, 8-Isoprostane, glutathione, NO, and SOD) in pulmonary tissues were measured, along with RT-qPCR and ELISA detection of the expression of inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-4, and IL-10). Moreover, western blot assay was utilized to assess p-SRC/SRC and p-p38/p38 ratios in pulmonary tissues. CGOS treatment enhanced PaO2 and reduced PaCO2 in COPD rats, accompanied by declines in the number of total cells, neutrophils, and macrophages. CGOS improved pulmonary function, decreased malondialdehyde, 3NT, 8-Isoprostane, TNF-α, and IL-1β levels, and increased GSH, NO, IL-4, and IL-10 levels and SOD activity. Mechanistically, CGOS suppressed the SRC/MAPK pathway, and SRC overexpression reversed the alleviating function of CGOS in COPD rats. In conclusion, CGOS might alleviate oxidative stress and inflammation in COPD rats by inhibiting the SRC/MAPK pathway.
Fully pseudospectral time evolution and its application to 1+1 dimensional physical problems
Creators: name: Hennig, Jörg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It was recently demonstrated that time-dependent PDE problems can numerically be solved with a fully pseudospectral scheme, i.e. using spectral expansions with respect to both spatial and time directions (Hennig and Ansorg, 2009 [15]). This was done with the example of simple scalar wave equations in Minkowski spacetime. Here we show that the method can be used to study interesting physical problems that are described by systems of nonlinear PDEs. To this end we consider two 1+1 dimensional problems: radial oscillations of spherically symmetric Newtonian stars and time evolution of Gowdy spacetimes as particular cosmological models in general relativity.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures
title: INVESTIGATING HOW HOST-MICROBE INTERACTIONS INFLUENCE THE PROGRESSION OF TYPE 1 DIABETES
Creators: name: Abbott, Spencer
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: gut microbiome
subject: Type 1 Diabetes
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Maternal Antibodies
subject: Molecular Mimicry
subject: Immunology

description: The global prevalence of allergies and autoimmune diseases, such as type 1 diabetes (T1D), has increased significantly over the past 50 years. Epidemiological evidence points to the gut microbiome as being one of the strongest drivers of increased disease incidence. Recent research has described associations between microbiome signatures and disease incidence through the induction of immune responses, however the underlying mechanisms by which the gut microbiome influences T1D progression remains largely unknown. Using gnotobiotic mouse models, this thesis aims to explore the role of host-microbe interactions in T1D development. One way in which the microbiome can modulate autoimmunity is through molecular mimicry. Previous work in the lab identified BacINT36-44, which will be referred to as Integrase, expressed by a commensal strain of Bacteroides as a bonafide molecular mimic to the islet autoantigen, IGRP206-214. Here, we further explored how Integrase expression by bacterial species in the gut influences antigen-specific immune responses in the T1D susceptible non-obese diabetic mouse model. Although microbial Integrase expression did not influence disease incidence in monocolonized mice, antigen-specific T cells were found to significantly modulate microbiome composition in specific-pathogen free mice. Additional analysis suggested that these changes were specific to Integrase expressing species. Integrase expression within the commensal gut microbiome also induced the expansion of antigen specific T cells both locally, within the gastrointestinal associated lymphoid tissue, and systemically, in the spleen. In addition, we sought to further investigate how the transfer of maternal antibodies influences T1D development in the offspring. It is widely accepted that the transfer of maternal antibodies during breast feeding shapes immune responses in the offspring. Thus, we explored how the transfer of maternal antibodies influences immune maturation in response to the microbiome. Together, this thesis reveals how the gut microbiome influences T1D, how molecular mimicry between gut microbes and self-antigens can shape antigen-specific immune responses, and the pathogenic role of maternal antibodies in non-obese diabetic mice.
Asthma-like symptoms: is it always a pulmonary issue?
Creators: name: Piloni, Davide
name: Tirelli, Claudio
name: Domenica, Rita D.
name: Conio, Valentina
name: Grosso, Amelia
name: Ronzoni, Vanessa
name: Antonacci, Filippo
name: Totaro, Pasquale
name: Corsico, Angelo G.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Spirometry
Cough
Airway (Medicine)
Respiratory organs--Diseases

description: Background
                Double aortic arch is a rare congenital and complete vascular ring around trachea and esophagus. It is usually diagnosed during infancy. The symptoms are generally related to respiratory and gastroesophageal tracts.

                Case presentation
                A 20-year-old female patient was referred to our outpatient clinic for persistent dry cough. She had a history of an episode of inhalation of food bolus as an infant and recurrent bronchitis, anorexia and allergic bronchial asthma since the childhood. Since the beginning, an intrathoracic obstruction was suspected at pulmonary function tests. After 1 month of complete asthma treatment, the cough was unchanged and the spirometry confirmed the presence of an intrathoracic obstruction. Then, she underwent a chest CT with contrast medium, a contrast transthoracic echocardiography, a fiberbronchoscopy and an esophageal radiography with contrast medium. The final diagnosis was made and a double aortic arch was found.

                Conclusion
                A careful observation of the flow/volume curve should always be guaranteed and the presence of congenital vascular anomalies should be suspected in case of difficult-to-treat asthma.
Neutron shell structure and deformation in neutron-drip-line nuclei
Creators: name: Hamamoto, Ikuko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutron shell-structure and the resulting possible deformation in the neighborhood of neutron-drip-line nuclei are systematically discussed, based on both bound and resonant neutron one-particle energies obtained from spherical and deformed Woods-Saxon potentials. Due to the unique behavior of weakly-bound and resonant neutron one-particle levels with smaller orbital angular-momenta $\ell$, a systematic change of the shell structure and thereby the change of neutron magic-numbers are pointed out, compared with those of stable nuclei expected from the conventional j-j shell-model. For spherical shape with the operator of the spin-orbit potential conventionally used, the $\ell_{j}$ levels belonging to a given oscillator major shell with parallel spin- and orbital-angular-momenta tend to gather together in the energetically lower half of the major shell, while those levels with anti-parallel spin- and orbital-angular-momenta gather in the upper half. The tendency leads to a unique shell structure and possible deformation when neutrons start to occupy the orbits in the lower half of the major shell. Among others, the neutron magic-number N=28 disappears and N=50 may disappear, while the magic number N=82 may presumably survive due to the large $\ell =5$ spin-orbit splitting for the $1h_{11/2}$ orbit. On the other hand, an appreciable amount of energy gap may appear at N=16 and 40 for spherical shape, while neutron-drip-line nuclei in the region of neutron number above N=20, 40 and 82, namely N $\approx$ 21-28, N $\approx$ 41-54, and N $\approx$ 83-90, may be quadrupole-deformed though the possible deformation depends also on the proton number of respective nuclei.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures
Burgberg bei Kordel (Kreis Trier)
Creators: name: Schindler, Reinhard
Publisher: name: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Year: 2021

description: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete, Bd. 31 (1968): Trierer Zeitschrift : für Geschichte und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Hofer's metrics and boundary depth
Creators: name: Usher, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that if (M,ω) is a closed symplectic manifold which admits a nontrivial Hamiltonian vector field all of whose contractible closed orbits are constant, then Hofer's metric on the group of Hamiltonian diffeomorphisms of (M,ω) has infinite diameter, and indeed admits infinite-dimensional quasi-isometrically embedded normed vector spaces. A similar conclusion applies to Hofer's metric on various spaces of Lagrangian submanifolds, including those Hamiltonian-isotopic to the diagonal in M x M when M satisfies the above dynamical condition. To prove this, we use the properties of a Floer-theoretic quantity called the boundary depth, which measures the nontriviality of the boundary operator on the Floer complex in a way that encodes robust symplectic-topological information.
description: 62 pages. v2: added details concerning a key computation of the boundary depths of certain Hamiltonians, including a new appendix about transversality for t-independent Floer trajectories. v3: minor corrections. To appear in Ann. Sci. Ec. Norm. Sup
Operation manual for multi-crop zero till planter
Creators: name: , Kapil
name: B. R. Kamboj
name: M. L. Jat
name: Kumar, Anil
name: Kumar, Dalip
name: H. S. Sidhu
name: M. K. Gathala
name: Y. S. Saharawat
name: Virender Kumar
name: Kumar, Anil
name: Vivak Kumar
Publisher: name: Gates Open Research
Year: 2019

description: Operation manual for multi-crop zero till planter
frühmittelalterlichen Krypten von St. Maximin in Trier
Creators: name: Sanderson, Warren
Publisher: name: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Year: 2021

description: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete, Bd. 31 (1968): Trierer Zeitschrift : für Geschichte und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
The ratio of decay widths of X(3872) to $ ψ^{\prime}γ$ and $ J/ψγ$ as a test of the X(3872) dynamical structure
Creators: name: Badalian, A. M.
name: Orlovsky, V. D.
name: Simonov, Yu. A.
name: Bakker, B. L. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radiative decays of X(3872) with $J^{PC}=1^{++}$ are studied in the coupled-channel approach, where the $c\bar c$ states are described by relativistic string Hamiltonian, while for the decay channels $DD^*$ a string breaking mechanism is used. Within this method a sharp peak and correct mass shift of the $2 {}^3P_1$ charmonium state just to the $D^0D^{*0}$ threshold was already obtained for a prescribed channel coupling to the $DD^*$ decay channels. For the same value of coupling the normalized wave function (w.f.) of X(3872) acquires admixture of the $1 {}^3P_1$ component with the w.f. fraction $c_1=0.153 (θ=8.8^\circ$), which increases the transition rate $Γ(X(3872)\rightarrow J/ψγ)$ up to 50-70 keV, making the ratio $R=\frac{\mathcal{B}(X(3872)\rightarrow ψ^{\prime}γ)}{\mathcal{B}(X(3872)\rightarrow J/ψγ)}=0.8\pm 0.20 (th)$ significantly smaller, as compared to $R\simeq 5$ for X(3872) as a purely $2 {}^3P_1$ state.
description: 14 pages,2 Tables
Genome-wide association study of lung function and clinical implication in heavy smokers
Creators: name: Li, Xingnan
name: Ortega, Victor E.
name: Ampleford, Elizabeth J.
name: Barr, R. Graham
name: Christenson, Stephanie A.
name: Cooper, Christopher B.
name: Couper, David
name: Dransfield, Mark T.
name: Han, Mei L. K.
name: Hansel, Nadia N.
name: Hoffman, Eric A.
name: Kanner, Richard E.
name: Kleerup, Eric C.
name: Martinez, Fernando J.
name: Paine, Robert
name: Woodruff, Prescott G.
name: Hawkins, Gregory A.
name: Bleecker, Eugene R.
name: Meyers, Deborah A.
name: SPIROMICS Research Group
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Lungs--Diseases, Obstructive
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cigarette smokers--Health and hygiene
subject: Genomes

description: Background
                The aim of this study is to identify genetic loci associated with post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC and FEV1, and develop a multi-gene predictive model for lung function in COPD.

                Methods
                Genome-wide association study (GWAS) of post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC and FEV1 was performed in 1645 non-Hispanic White European descent smokers.

                Results
                A functional rare variant in SERPINA1 (rs28929474: Glu342Lys) was significantly associated with post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC (p = 1.2 × 10− 8) and FEV1 (p = 2.1 × 10− 9). In addition, this variant was associated with COPD (OR = 2.3; p = 7.8 × 10− 4) and severity (OR = 4.1; p = 0.0036). Heterozygous subjects (CT genotype) had significantly lower lung function and higher percentage of COPD and more severe COPD than subjects with the CC genotype. 8.6% of the variance of post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC can be explained by SNPs in 10 genes with age, sex, and pack-years of cigarette smoking (P
title: Molecular Targeting of High-Risk Pediatric Leukemia: Identification of Targets and Biological Implications for Therapy
Creators: name: Sharma, Ritul
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Oncology
subject: Pediatric
subject: Therapeutics
subject: Health Sciences
subject: Oncology

description: Acute leukemias with KMT2A (mixed-lineage leukemia or MLL) rearrangements are associated with poor prognosis and high relapse rates, particularly in infant and pediatric populations. The outcomes for patients with KMT2A-rearranged (KMT2A-r) leukemia remain suboptimal, underscoring the urgent need for novel, targeted therapeutic approaches. This thesis focuses on disrupting key molecular interactions within the KMT2A fusion protein complex that drives leukemogenesis while characterizing novel preclinical models to facilitate targeted drug discovery. By utilizing established cell line models, cell-based assays and drug combination studies, this study demonstrated the therapeutic potential of inhibiting the interaction between KMT2A fusion protein and a transcriptional kinase, CDK9. In addition, the study demonstrates that targeting CDK9 can decrease venetoclax and steroid resistance in KMT2A-r leukemia. Furthermore, this thesis investigates the biological implications of treatment induced differentiation, with a focus on identifying therapeutic strategies to treat KMT2A-r leukemias. Our results demonstrate that menin inhibitor induced differentiation in KMT2A-r cells carries a distinct inflammatory profile with elevated secretion of HMGB1 and IL-8. These cytokines are associated with promoting migratory responses. In addition, our findings showed a synergistic interaction between menin inhibition and corticosteroids, which is the first line treatment for patients with differentiation syndrome. In parallel, the study evaluates the efficacy of the ETS inhibitor TK216, targeting SPI1 overexpression in pediatric AML and B-ALL leukemias, with the goal of uncovering its therapeutic potential in high-risk pediatric leukemia. The research presented herein offers a framework for developing feasible novel therapeutic strategies for KMT2A-r leukemias, building on a foundation of preclinical modeling and mechanistic insights that may inform future clinical interventions.
Pauly, Ferdinand, Siedlung und Pfarrorganisation im alten Erzbistum Trier : Das Landkapitel Merzig
Creators: name: Schindler, Reinhard
Publisher: name: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Year: 2021

description: Rezension zu: Pauly, Ferdinand, Siedlung und Pfarrorganisation im alten Erzbistum Trier : Das Landkapitel Merzig. Trier, 1967 - (Veröffentlichungen des Bistumsarchivs Trier ; 15)
description: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete, Bd. 31 (1968): Trierer Zeitschrift : für Geschichte und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Adler, Horst, Das urgeschichtliche Gräberfeld Linz-St. Peter 2 : Die frühe Bronzezeit
Creators: name: Gollub, Siegfried
Publisher: name: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Year: 2021

description: Rezension zu: Adler, Horst, Das urgeschichtliche Gräberfeld Linz-St. Peter 2 : Die frühe Bronzezeit. Linz, 1967 - (Linzer archäologische Forschungen ; 3)
description: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete, Bd. 31 (1968): Trierer Zeitschrift : für Geschichte und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Iron and gold thin films: first-principles study
Creators: name: Rychły-Gruszecka, Justyna
name: Głowiński, Hubert
name: Snarski-Adamski, Justyn
name: Kuświk, Piotr
name: Werwiński, Mirosław
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using density functional theory, we carried out systematic calculations for a series of ultrathin iron layers with thicknesses ranging from one atomic monolayer to eleven monolayers (up to about 1.5 nm). We considered three cases: (1) iron layers both on a gold substrate and coated with gold, (2) iron layers on a gold substrate but without coverage, and (3) freestanding iron layers adjacent to a vacuum. For our models, we chose initial bcc Fe(001) surfaces and fcc Au(001) substrates. Based on the calculations, we determined the details of the geometry and magnetic properties of the systems. We calculate lattice parameters, magnetic moments, Curie temperatures and magnetocrystalline anisotropy energies. From the thickness dependence, we determined the volume and surface contributions to the magnetic anisotropy constant. The further analysis allowed us to determine the thickness ranges of the occurrence of perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, as well as the effect of thickness and the presence of a substrate and cap layer on the direction of the magnetization easy axis.
description: Conference: 2023 IEEE International Magnetic Conference - Short Papers (INTERMAG Short Papers), Sendai, Japan, 2023
Engels, Hans-Josef, Die Hallstatt- und Latènekultur in der Pfalz
Creators: name: Schindler, Reinhard
Publisher: name: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Year: 2021

description: Rezension zu: Engels, Hans-Josef, Die Hallstatt- und Latènekultur in der Pfalz. Speyer, 1967. 122 S., 43 Taf., 9 Ktn. - (Veröffentlichungen der Pfälzischen Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften in Speyer ; 55)
description: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete, Bd. 31 (1968): Trierer Zeitschrift : für Geschichte und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Supplementary document for Local surface tolerance and quality evaluation of optical surfaces - 5989680.pdf
Creators: name: Zhu, Jun
name: Deng, Yuting
name: Tan, Yilin
name: Wu, Xiaofei
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplementary material contains the generation of random figure errors, local tolerance for the refractive surface, and local tolerance of a Cassegrain system with moderate imaging quality
title: Transcriptional Heterogeneity in Zebrafish Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells
Creators: name: Sanyal, Sanjibani
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE)
subject: Development
subject: Zebrafish
subject: RPE heterogeneity
subject: Proliferatiion
subject: Neuroscience

description: The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a vital component of the vertebrate eye and is a pigment rich epithelial cell layer that performs multiple functions. The RPE shares a common neural origin with the retina but turns of different genes during specification. While embryonic RPE development is characterized, there is limited knowledge of RPE development post-optic cup morphogenesis, and how potential heterogeneity emerges within RPE cells. In this project, I use the zebrafish model to uncover the presence of diversity within the developing RPE, and the developmental trajectories of potential RPE subpopulations. I also explore the proliferative capacity of the identified RPE subpopulations, as it is known that RPE grows throughout the life of the zebrafish, however the process has not been described. This research shows the distribution and spatial localization of potential proliferative subpopulations of the RPE with the help of a transcription factor, tfec. Specifically, I used scRNA sequencing data to identify candidate genes to classify RPE cell subpopulations, then validated their expression via in-situ techniques in wild type zebrafish retinas. To identify potential proliferative differences within these subpopulations I employed EdU and immunohistochemical analysis on transgenic zebrafish (Tg(tfec:egfp)). My data suggest, for the first time, that the zebrafish RPE layer is heterogeneous. The three annotated RPE clusters appeared to align with distinct developmental stages of the RPE cells. The clusters were localized to specific anatomical regions, with mature RPE cells concentrated in the central retina, differentiating RPE cells in the intermediate zone and most naïve cells in the peripheral RPE. Finally, data from this study suggests that the central RPE zone is most highly proliferative, where RPE progenitors are scattered in amongst mature RPE cells. Overall, my research provides initial insights into the spatial and temporal expression of three RPE subpopulations within the zebrafish retina. Data also implicates a new, proliferative role of the central RPE. These findings could be the foundation for future work exploring gene-specific roles within the clusters using loss/gain-of function experiments. Ultimately, this research contributes to the knowledge gaps in zebrafish RPE development and progenitor biology and leads to new avenues for research.
Zadoks-Josephus Jitta, Annie Nicolette, Roman bronze statuettes from the Netherlands 1 : Statuettes found north of the Limes
Creators: name: Binsfeld, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Year: 2021

description: Rezension zu: Zadoks-Josephus Jitta, Annie Nicolette, Roman bronze statuettes from the Netherlands 1 : Statuettes found north of the Limes. Groningen, 1967. 140 S. - (Scripta archaeologica Groningiana ; 1)
description: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete, Bd. 31 (1968): Trierer Zeitschrift : für Geschichte und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Eckhart, Lothar, Katalog der römischen Funde aus dem Großraum Linz : Münzen
Creators: name: Binsfeld, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Year: 2021

description: Rezension zu: Eckhart, Lothar, Katalog der römischen Funde aus dem Großraum Linz : Münzen. Linz, 1966. 180 S. - (Linzer Fundkatalog ; 2)
description: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete, Bd. 31 (1968): Trierer Zeitschrift : für Geschichte und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Additional file 2 of Effect of pharmacological treatment on outcomes of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: an updated systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Creators: name: Lin, Yaowang
name: Cai, Zhigang
name: Yuan, Jie
name: Liu, Huadong
name: Pang, Xinli
name: Chen, Qiuling
name: Tang, Xinzheng
name: Geng, Qingshan
name: Dong, Shaohong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Figure 1. Treatment strategy for all-cause mortality. Figure 2. Risk of bias in all trials. Figure 3. Assessment of risk of bias of the included studies (I²=0%)
Experiences of HIV-positive postpartum women and health workers involved with community-based antiretroviral therapy adherence clubs in Cape Town, South Africa
Creators: name: Trafford, Zara
name: Gomba, Yolanda
name: Colvin, Christopher J.
name: Iyun, Victoria O.
name: Phillips, Tamsin K.
name: Brittain, Kirsty
name: Myer, Landon
name: Abrams, Elaine J.
name: Zerbe, Allison
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Public health
Postnatal care
Antiretroviral agents
Community health services
Medical personnel
HIV-positive women

description: Background
                The rollout of universal, lifelong treatment for all HIV-positive pregnant and breastfeeding women (“Option B+”) has rapidly increased the number of women initiating antiretroviral treatment (ART) and requiring ART care postpartum. In a pilot project in South Africa, eligible postpartum women were offered the choice of referral to the standard of care, a local primary health care clinic, or a community-based model of differentiated ART services, the adherence club (AC). ACs have typically enrolled only non-pregnant and non-postpartum adults; postpartum women had not previously been referred directly from antenatal care. There is little evidence regarding postpartum women’s preferences for and experiences of differentiated models of care, or the capacity of this particular model to cater to their specific needs. This qualitative paper reports on feedback from both postpartum women and health workers who care for them on their respective experiences of the AC.

                Methods
                One-on-one in-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with 19 (23%) of the 84 postpartum women who selected the AC and were retained at approximately 12 months postpartum, and 9 health workers who staff the AC. Data were transcribed and thematically analysed using NVivo 11.

                Results
                Postpartum women’s inclusion in the AC was acceptable for both participants and health workers. Health workers were welcoming of postpartum women but expressed concerns about prospects for longer term adherence and retention, and raised logistical issues they felt might compromise trust with AC members in general.

                Conclusions
                Enrolling postpartum women in mixed groups with the general adult population is feasible and acceptable. Preliminary recommendations are offered and may assist in supporting the specific needs of postpartum women transitioning from antenatal ART care.

                Trial registration
                Number NCT02417675
                    clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/record/NCT02417675

                   (retrospective reg.)
Simulated X-ray Spectra From Ionized Wind-Blown Nebulae around Massive Stars
Creators: name: Dwarkadas, Vikram V.
name: Rosenberg, Duane L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using an ionization gasdynamics code, we simulate a model of the wind-blown bubble around a 40 solar mass star. We use this to compute the X-ray spectra from the bubble, which can be directly compared to observations. We outline our methods and techniques for these computations, and contrast them with previous calculations. Our simulated X-ray spectra compare reasonably well with observed spectra of Wolf-Rayet bubbles. They suggest that X-ray nebulae around massive stars may not be easily detectable, consistent with observations.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures. Revised and shortened version following referee comments. Accepted to High Energy Density Physics
Thoen, Hugo, De gallo-romeinse nederzetting van Waasmunster-Pontrave
Creators: name: Binsfeld, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Year: 2021

description: Rezension zu: Thoen, Hugo, De gallo-romeinse nederzetting van Waasmunster-Pontrave. Brussel, 1967. VII, 95 S. - (Répertoires archéologiques ; B 3)
description: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete, Bd. 31 (1968): Trierer Zeitschrift : für Geschichte und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
title: From Shape to Function: Investigating Knee Joint Mechanics Through Statistical Shape Modeling
Creators: name: Deng, Ruoqi
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical shape model
subject: Meniscectomy
subject: Creep
subject: Finite element model
subject: Fluid pressure
subject: Knee joint mechanics
subject: Engineering--Mechanical
subject: Engineering--Biomedical

description: Knee joint mechanics, particularly the interactions between cartilage, menisci, and fluid pressure, play a critical role in maintaining joint function and mitigating conditions like osteoarthritis. Subject-specific finite element models have been widely applied to predict joint mechanics, but their applicability is limited due to high variability in knee joint geometry across populations. To address this limitation, this thesis aims to develop a comprehensive statistical shape model of the knee joint that integrates poromechanical principles and finite element analysis, providing a more generalized approach to studying knee joint mechanics. Using medical imaging data from 31 subjects, a three-dimensional statistical shape model was created to capture the population-wide variability in knee joint structures, including femoral and tibial cartilage, as well as the menisci. Advanced techniques such as principal component analysis were employed to identify the primary modes of geometric variation, with the first two principal components accounting for substantial changes in size and shape. Finite element simulations incorporated fibril-reinforced material models with fluid pressurization to analyze joint mechanics under various loading conditions, including long-term effects like creep and stress relaxation. Special emphasis was placed on simulating post-meniscectomy cases, where joint alignment and contact pressures were predicted for both intact and altered knee geometries. The results revealed significant morphological variations in the knee joint that influence mechanical behavior, particularly in terms of contact pressures and fluid pressurization. The synthetic models, created by altering the average shape along principal modes of variation, demonstrated how even small changes in knee geometry can significantly affect joint function. The combination of statistical shape modeling method with finite element analysis offered new insights into knee joint mechanics, especially in pathological cases such as meniscectomy, where maintaining joint stability and proper load distribution is critical. This research contributes to the field of computational biomechanics by establishing an efficient framework for integrating statistical shape modeling method with the finite element method. These models offer improved predictive power, reasonable computational cost for a large population, and broader applicability to clinical and surgical planning, making them potentially a valuable tool for advancing personalized medicine and enhancing implant designs.