cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Development and Pilot of a Patient Reported Outcome Measure for Proximal Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms
Creators: name: Shaw, Matthew
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2020

description: Background: Disease specific questionnaires are increasingly being used to evaluate treatment outcomes from the perspective of patients. There are currently no validated questionnaires that measure patient reported outcomes after proximal thoracic aortic aneurysm surgery. Objectives: To develop and pilot a newly formulated patient focussed questionnaire that measures the patient’s health status and health related quality of life before and after proximal thoracic aortic aneurysm surgery. Methods: Based on a literature review, a thematic analysis of audio recorded patient interviews and expert clinical testimony, a pool of items was generated to form a new questionnaire instrument. Suitable patients who were scheduled for elective aortic surgery at Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital were identified and invited to participate in the pilot study. Patients were asked to complete the questionnaire prior to surgery and then at 6 weeks and 3 months after their operation. The newly developed instrument underwent preliminary testing for its appropriateness, acceptability, feasibility, interpretability, precision, reliability and responsiveness. Results: Several items from the CROQ (Coronary Revascularisation Outcomes Questionnaire) formed the basis of the instrument, with the addition of 10 items derived from a newly formulated conceptual model of proximal thoracic aortic disease. The items were arranged into four domains (symptoms, physical, psychosocial and cognitive). Initial testing showed that the newly developed instrument performed to acceptable standards. It showed good internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha results for all domains >0.85), and test retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient for all domains >0.85). In paired sample tests, the values in each domain led to statistically significant differences from baseline at either 6 weeks or 3 months (p<0.05), supporting the construct validity and responsiveness of the instrument. Conclusions: The new instrument demonstrated satisfactory validity as well as good internal reliability and test retest reliability for each item across all four domains. The initial findings suggest that the measure is sensitive and responsive to the effects of surgical treatment for proximal thoracic aortic aneurysms.
Frequency tuning of a triply-resonant whispering-gallery mode resonator to MHz wide transitions for proposed quantum repeater schemes
Creators: name: Schunk, Gerhard
name: Vogl, Ulrich
name: Sedlmeir, Florian
name: Strekalov, Dmitry V.
name: Otterpohl, Alexander
name: Averchenko, Valentin
name: Schwefel, Harald G. L.
name: Leuchs, Gerd
name: Marquardt, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum repeaters rely on an interfacing of flying qubits with quantum memories. The most common implementations include a narrowband single photon matched in bandwidth and central frequency to an atomic system. Previously, we demonstrated the compatibility of our versatile source of heralded single photons, which is based on parametric down-conversion in a triply-resonant whispering-gallery mode resonator, with alkaline transitions [Schunk et al., Optica 2, 773 (2015)]. In this paper, we analyze our source in terms of phase matching, available wavelength-tuning mechanisms, and applications to narrow-band atomic systems. We resonantly address the D1 transitions of cesium and rubidium with this optical parametric oscillator pumped above its oscillation threshold. Below threshold, the efficient coupling of single photons to atomic transitions heralded by single telecom-band photons is demonstrated. Finally, we present an accurate analytical description of our observations. Providing the demonstrated flexibility in connecting various atomic transitions with telecom wavelengths, we show a promising approach to realize an essential building block for quantum repeaters.
description: 18 pages, 14 figures
“An obese turtle on his back” – fat-shaming Donald J. Trump and the spectacle of fat masculinity
Creators: name: Kindinger, Evangelia
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fat-shaming
subject: Donald J. Trump
subject: fat masculinity
subject: late-night talk shows
subject: obese turtle
subject: fat men
subject: U.S. president
subject: male body
subject: satire
subject: critical whiteness studies
subject: masculinity studies
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: This article brings together fat studies and masculinity studies to critically read the various stagings of the fat body of former U.S. President Donald J. Trump in U.S. late-night talk shows such as Late Night with Seth Meyers, The Late Show with Stephen Colbert and Jimmy Kimmel Live! During his presidency, these and other late-night hosts stressed that Trump was unfit for office, a sentiment often supported by fat-shaming discourses and imagery of the spectacular transgressions of Trump’s fat, male body that deemed his body as unfit for office as well. In these comedic segments, Trump’s fat, male body was utilized as a visualization of his incompetence, failures, and moral shortfalls. As I argue, these fat-shaming discourses are not merely aimed at making visible Trump’s lack of qualifications for the presidency, they result from deeply ingrained stigmatizations of fatness in popular culture. Specifically, I look at the unstable position of fat masculinity in U.S. public imagination, the dangers it supposedly poses to hegemonic masculinity, and the ways in which its intersection with whiteness (in this case Trump’s whiteness) informs this position. Satire, as a specific kind of communication, functions as a catalyst for anti-fat attitudes that are presented as political commentary.
Thiolutin is a zinc chelator that inhibits the Rpn11 and other JAMM metalloproteases
Creators: name: Tschochner, Herbert
name: Stankovic-Valentin, Nicolas
name: Ha, Nati
name: Zhang, Yaru
name: Melchior, Frauke
name: Cemel, Ibrahim Avi
name: Shostak, Anton
name: Palmer, Amy E
name: Brunner, Michael
name: Deshaies, Raymond J
name: Li, Jing
name: Diernfellner, Axel
name: Bowers, Albert A
name: Lauinger, Linda
name: Carter, Kyle P
name: Merkl, Philipp E
name: Wever, Walter J
name: Schafmeier, Tobias
name: Obermeyer, Simon
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Thiolutin is a disulfide-containing antibiotic and anti-angiogenic compound produced by Streptomyces. Its biological targets are not known. We show that reduced thiolutin is a zinc-chelator that inhibits the JAB1/MPN/Mov34 (JAMM) domain-containing metalloprotease Rpn11, a de-ubiquinating enzyme of the 19S proteasome. Thiolutin also inhibits the JAMM metalloproteases Csn5, the deneddylase of the COP9 signalosome, Associated-molecule-with-the-SH3-Domain-of-STAM (AMSH), which regulates ubiquitin-dependent sorting of cell-surface receptors, and Brcc36, a K63-specific deubiquitnase of BRCC36-containing isopeptidase complex (BRISC) and BRCA1-BRCA2-containing complex (BRCC). We provide evidence that other dithiolopyrrolones also function as inhibitors of JAMM metalloproteases.
Future global mortality from changes in air pollution attributable to climate change
Creators: name: Nagashima, Tatsuya
name: Zeng, Guang
name: Stevenson, David S.
name: Shindell, Drew T.
name: Cameron-Smith, Philip
name: Josse, Beatrice
name: Doherty, Ruth M.
name: Faluvegi, Greg
name: Silva, Raquel A.
name: Rumbold, Steven T.
name: MacKenzie, Ian A.
name: Sudo, Kengo
name: Collins, William J.
name: Bergmann, Daniel
name: Naik, Vaishali
name: Lamarque, Jean-François
name: Folberth, Gerd A.
name: Takemura, Toshihiko
name: Horowitz, Larry W.
name: West, J. Jason
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Ground-level ozone and fine particulate matter (PM (sub 2.5)) are associated with premature human mortality; their future concentrations depend on changes in emissions, which dominate the near-term, and on climate change. Previous global studies of the air-quality-related health effects of future climate change used single atmospheric models. However, in related studies, mortality results differ among models. Here we use an ensemble of global chemistry-climate models to show that premature mortality from changes in air pollution attributable to climate change, under the high greenhouse gas scenario RCP (Representative Concentration Pathway) 8.5, is probably positive. We estimate 3,340 (30,300 to 47,100) ozone-related deaths in 2030, relative to 2000 climate, and 43,600 (195,000 to 237,000) in 2100 (14 percent of the increase in global ozone-related mortality). For PM (sub 2.5), we estimate 55,600 (34,300 to 164,000) deaths in 2030 and 215,000 (76,100 to 595,000) in 2100 (countering by 16 percent the global decrease in PM (sub 2.5)-related mortality). Premature mortality attributable to climate change is estimated to be positive in all regions except Africa, and is greatest in India and East Asia. Most individual models yield increased mortality from climate change, but some yield decreases, suggesting caution in interpreting results from a single model. Climate change mitigation is likely to reduce air-pollution-related mortality.
Ubaldino Peruzzi a Ermolao Rubieri (19 luglio 1865)
Creators: name: Peruzzi, Ubaldino
name: Rubieri, Ermolao
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Accademia dei Georgofili
Peruzzi, Ubaldino
Rubieri, Ermolao
Lettera
Letter
Carteggio
Correspondence
1865

description: Lettera di Ubaldino Peruzzi a Ermolao Rubieri del 19 luglio 1865. Segnatura dell’unità documentale: Archivio storico dell’Accademia dei Georgofili, Carteggio, Busta 34, 4197. Natura: manoscritto. Consistenza: cc. 2
description: Digitalizzato come parte della Mostra virtuale: Ubaldino Peruzzi : un percorso in rete : in occasione del bicentenario della nascita https://www.georgofili.it/contenuti/ubaldino-peruzzi-un-percorso-in-rete/17485
The current evidence on statin use and prostate cancer prevention: are we there yet?
Creators: name: Alfaqih, Mahmoud A.
name: Hamilton, Robert J.
name: Allott, Emma H.
name: Freeman, Michael R.
name: Freedland, Stephen J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: An increasing amount of data supports an inverse association between statin use and cancer risk. The findings for prostate cancer, particularly advanced disease, are the most promising of all cancers studied. Use of these agents seems to also be associated with improved prostate-cancer-specific survival, particularly in men undergoing radiotherapy, suggesting usefulness of statins in secondary and tertiary prevention. Some study results might be influenced by increased PSA screening and health-conscious behaviour in statin users but these factors are unlikely to completely account for observed beneficial effects. The epidemiological evidence is supported by preclinical studies that show that statins directly inhibit prostate cancer development and progression in cell-based and animal-based models. The antineoplastic effect of statins might arise from a number of cholesterol-mediated and non-cholesterol-mediated mechanisms that affect pathways essential for cancer formation and progression. Understanding these mechanisms is instrumental in drug discovery research for the development of future prostate cancer therapeutics, as well as in designing clinical trials to test a role for statins in prostate cancer prevention. Currently, sufficient data are lacking to support the use of statins for the primary prevention of prostate cancer and further research is clearly warranted. Secondary and tertiary prevention trials in men who have been diagnosed with prostate cancer might soon be performed.
PIC simulation study of the interaction between a relativistically moving leptonic micro-cloud and ambient electrons
Creators: name: Dieckmann, M. E.
name: Sarri, G.
name: Markoff, S.
name: Borghesi, M.
name: Zepf, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The jets of compact accreting objects are composed of electrons and a mixture of positrons and ions. These outflows impinge on the interstellar or intergalactic medium and both plasmas interact via collisionless processes. Filamentation (beam-Weibel) instabilities give rise to the growth of strong electromagnetic fields. These fields thermalize the interpenetrating plasmas. Hitherto, the effects imposed by a spatial non-uniformity on filamentation instabilities have remained unexplored. We examine the interaction between spatially uniform background electrons and a minuscule cloud of electrons and positrons. A square micro-cloud of equally dense electrons and positrons impinges in our particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation on a spatially uniform plasma at rest. The mean speed of the micro-cloud corresponds to a relativistic factor of 15, which is relevant for laboratory experiments and for relativistic astrophysical outflows. The spatial distributions of the leptons and of the electromagnetic fields are examined at several times. A filamentation instability develops between the magnetic field carried by the micro-cloud and the background electrons. The electromagnetic fields, which grow from noise levels, redistribute the electrons and positrons within the cloud, which boosts the peak magnetic field amplitude. The current density and the moduli of the electromagnetic fields grow aperiodically in time and steadily along the direction that is anti-parallel to the cloud's velocity vector. The micro-cloud remains conjoined during the simulation. The instability induces an electrostatic wakefield in the background plasma.
description: 10 pages, 13 figures, Astronomy and Astrophysics (in press)
Exceptives in Japanese
Creators: name: Kurokami, Hisao
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Exceptives, ellipsis, syntax, semantics, Japanese

description: This file contains data on the exceptive construction in Japanese. It was collected under NSF projects BCS2116343 and BCS2116344, "Collaborative Research: Variation in Exceptive Structures."
A centrosome interactome provides insight into organelle assembly and reveals a non-duplication role for Plk4
Creators: name: Schoborg, Todd A.
name: McLamarrah, Tiffany A.
name: Ryniawec, John M.
name: Galletta, Brian J.
name: Rusan, Nasser M.
name: Fagerstrom, Carey J.
name: Rogers, Gregory C.
name: Buster, Daniel W.
name: Slep, Kevin C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The centrosome is the major microtubule-organizing centre of many cells, best known for its role in mitotic spindle organization. How the proteins of the centrosome are accurately assembled to carry out its many functions remains poorly understood. The non-membrane-bound nature of the centrosome dictates that protein–protein interactions drive its assembly and functions. To investigate this massive macromolecular organelle, we generated a ‘domain-level' centrosome interactome using direct protein–protein interaction data from a focused yeast two-hybrid screen. We then used biochemistry, cell biology and the model organism Drosophila to provide insight into the protein organization and kinase regulatory machinery required for centrosome assembly. Finally, we identified a novel role for Plk4, the master regulator of centriole duplication. We show that Plk4 phosphorylates Cep135 to properly position the essential centriole component Asterless. This interaction landscape affords a critical framework for research of normal and aberrant centrosomes.
title: Leveraging Health: The Urban Planner’s Dilemma
Creators: name: Fawcett, Peter
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2020

description: In recent decades, a trend has emerged advancing the view that urban planning is a critical instrument for public health action. A popular concept now used to articulate this position is “healthy urban planning” (HUP). The concept of HUP adopts a human-centric philosophical perspective towards urban planning, one which emphasises human health and wellbeing. By positioning HUP and the urban planning-health interface as the point of departure, this thesis investigated the conceptual, epistemic and technical factors affecting the construction and mobilisation of the HUP concept, and the wider integration of health into urban planning. The study employed a qualitative, case study methodology with a social constructivist, postmodernist philosophy, acknowledging the multidimensional nature of knowledge and practice of urban planning within real socio-political contexts. The findings of the study reveal a funnel of contestation as one moves from the normative and policy spheres of HUP, within which its merits are not disputed, through to its theoretical and practical spheres, where conflict in meaning and understanding is both observable and arguably a natural response to the complex nature of the concept and its definition. The aim of HUP may appear straightforward and determined: to promote and not harm human health. However, such abstraction creates a binary that veils a complex relational web in which multiple structural, institutional and agential factors interact to construct novel interpretations of HUP and shape the relationship between health and urban planning. This research proposes that the concept of HUP does not have a discrete, universally accepted meaning. Instead, this same basic concept attracts multiple meanings. These meanings, moreover, do not simply vanish when contradicted by fact, authority, or competing theory, but often become more entrenched and their dismissal more vehemently resisted. There is, therefore, a need to view HUP as a “contested concept”, which far from lacking theoretical or policy-making purchase is valuable in promoting healthier forms of urban planning. In light of this, this thesis recommends that to secure the benefits of HUP in the long term there is a need to further clarify the concept’s definition, its use in urban planning practice, and to address the implications of both these aspects for research and theory development.
Gaia FGK Benchmark Stars: Effective temperatures and surface gravities
Creators: name: Heiter, U.
name: Jofré, P.
name: Gustafsson, B.
name: Korn, A. J.
name: Soubiran, C.
name: Thévenin, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large Galactic stellar surveys and new generations of stellar atmosphere models and spectral line formation computations need to be subjected to careful calibration and validation and to benchmark tests. We focus on cool stars and aim at establishing a sample of 34 Gaia FGK Benchmark Stars with a range of different metallicities. The goal was to determine the effective temperature and the surface gravity independently from spectroscopy and atmospheric models as far as possible. Fundamental determinations of Teff and logg were obtained in a systematic way from a compilation of angular diameter measurements and bolometric fluxes, and from a homogeneous mass determination based on stellar evolution models. The derived parameters were compared to recent spectroscopic and photometric determinations and to gravity estimates based on seismic data. Most of the adopted diameter measurements have formal uncertainties around 1%, which translate into uncertainties in effective temperature of 0.5%. The measurements of bolometric flux seem to be accurate to 5% or better, which contributes about 1% or less to the uncertainties in effective temperature. The comparisons of parameter determinations with the literature show in general good agreements with a few exceptions, most notably for the coolest stars and for metal-poor stars. The sample consists of 29 FGK-type stars and 5 M giants. Among the FGK stars, 21 have reliable parameters suitable for testing, validation, or calibration purposes. For four stars, future adjustments of the fundamental Teff are required, and for five stars the logg determination needs to be improved. Future extensions of the sample of Gaia FGK Benchmark Stars are required to fill gaps in parameter space, and we include a list of suggested candidates.
description: Accepted by A&A; 34 pages (printer format), 14 tables, 13 figures; language corrected
XMM-Newton and optical observations of the eclipsing polar CSS081231:071126+440405
Creators: name: Worpel, H.
name: Schwope, A. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: We aim to study the temporal and spectral behaviour of the eclipsing polar CSS081231:071126+440405 from the infrared to the X-ray regime. Methods: We obtained phase-resolved XMM-Newton X-ray observations on two occasions in 2012 and 2013 in different states of accretion. In 2013 the XMM-Newton X-ray and UV data were complemented by optical photometric and spectroscopic observations. Results: CSS081231 displays two-pole accretion in the high state. The magnetic fields of the two poles are 36 and 69 MG, indicating a non-dipolar field geometry. The X-ray spectrum of the main accreting pole with the lower field comprises a hot thermal component from the cooling accretion plasma, $kT_{plas}$ of a few tens of keV, and a much less luminous blackbody-like component from the accretion area with $kT_{\rm bb} \sim$ 50-100\,eV. The high-field pole which was located opposite to the mass-donating star accretes at a low rate and has a plasma temperature of about 4\,keV. At both occasions the X-ray eclipse midpoint precedes the optical eclipse midpoint by 3.2 seconds. The center of the X-ray bright phase shows accretion-rate dependent longitudinal motion of ~20 degrees. Conclusions: CSS081231 is a bright polar that escaped detection in the RASS survey because it was in a low accretion state. Even in the high state it lacks the prominent soft component previously thought ubiquitous in polars. Such an excess may still be present in the unobserved extreme ultraviolet. All polars discovered in the XMM-Newton era lack the prominent soft component. The intrinsic spectral energy distribution of polars still awaits characterisation by future X-ray surveys such as eROSITA. The trajectory taken by material to reach the second pole is still uncertain.
description: 12 pages, 14 figures
title: Enhancing Sensor Performance with Statistical Data Analytics
Creators: name: Wright, James
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2021

description: This thesis examines the use of Automatic Identification System (AIS) information to generate a picture of maritime activity. It derives suitable methods to produce tracks of vessel movements, both in littoral and open-ocean scenarios, removing ambiguities and highlighting doppelg�anger. The thesis then goes on to describe techniques to improve our understanding of maritime activities through the extraction of individual vessel behaviours and the generation of models describing normal behaviours to highlight abnormalities.
A continuum of admixture in the Western Hemisphere revealed by the African Diaspora genome
Creators: name: Torgerson, Dara G.
name: Levin, Albert M.
name: Wilson, James G.
name: Hartert, Tina
name: Olopade, Christopher
name: Johnston, Henry Richard
name: Kumar, Rajesh
name: Ware, Lorraine B.
name: Herrera-Paz, Edwin Francisco
name: Avila, Pedro C.
name: Faruque, Mezbah U.
name: Huang, Lili
name: Ober, Carole
name: Marrugo, Javier
name: Olopade, Olufunmilayo
name: Gignoux, Christopher R.
name: Kenny, Eimear E.
name: Vergara, Candelaria
name: Eng, Celeste
name: Caraballo, Luis
name: Araujo, Maria Ilma
name: Ruczinski, Ingo
name: Bamshad, Michael
name: Taub, Margaret A.
name: Torres, Raul
name: Mayorga, Alvaro
name: Mejia-Mejia, Delmy-Aracely
name: Watson, Harold
name: Padhukasahasram, Badri
name: Williams, L. Keoki
name: Scott, Alan F.
name: Song, Wei
name: Meyers, Deborah
name: Pino-Yanes, Maria
name: Ortega, Victor E.
name: Fu, Wenqing
name: Boorgula, Meher Preethi
name: Mathias, Rasika Ann
name: Bleecker, Eugene
name: Nicolae, Dan L.
name: O'Connor, Timothy D.
name: Dunston, Georgia M.
name: Musharoff, Shaila
name: Beaty, Terri H.
name: Shringarpure, Suyash S.
name: Ford, Jean G.
name: Burchard, Esteban G.
name: Lange, Leslie A.
name: Hernandez, Ryan D.
name: Ferguson, Trevor
name: Grus, Wendy E.
name: Yazdanbakhsh, Maria
name: Hansel, Nadia N.
name: Gietzen, Kimberly
name: Rafaels, Nicholas
name: Barnes, Kathleen C.
name: Knight-Madden, Jennifer
name: Qin, Zhaohui S.
name: Bustamante, Carlos D.
name: Foreman, Marilyn G.
name: Akey, Joshua
name: Oliveira, Ricardo
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The African Diaspora in the Western Hemisphere represents one of the largest forced migrations in history and had a profound impact on genetic diversity in modern populations. To date, the fine-scale population structure of descendants of the African Diaspora remains largely uncharacterized. Here we present genetic variation from deeply sequenced genomes of 642 individuals from North and South American, Caribbean and West African populations, substantially increasing the lexicon of human genomic variation and suggesting much variation remains to be discovered in African-admixed populations in the Americas. We summarize genetic variation in these populations, quantifying the postcolonial sex-biased European gene flow across multiple regions. Moreover, we refine estimates on the burden of deleterious variants carried across populations and how this varies with African ancestry. Our data are an important resource for empowering disease mapping studies in African-admixed individuals and will facilitate gene discovery for diseases disproportionately affecting individuals of African ancestry.
Higher ramification and the local Langlands correspondence
Creators: name: Bushnell, Colin J.
name: Henniart, Guy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22E50, 11S37, 11S15

description: Let $F$ be a non-Archimedean locally compact field. We show that the local Langlands correspondence over $F$ has a strong property generalizing the higher ramification theorem of local class field theory. If $π$ is an irreducible cuspidal representation of a general linear group $GL_n(F)$ and $σ$ the corresponding irreducible representation of the Weil group $W_F$ of $F$, the restriction of $σ$ to a ramification subgroup of $W_F$ is determined by a truncation of the simple character $θ_π$ contained in $π$, and conversely. Numerical aspects of the relation are governed by a Herbrand-like function $Ψ_Θ$ depending on the endo-class $Θ$ of $θ_π$. We give a method for determining $Ψ_Θ$. Consequently, the ramification-theoretic structure of $σ$ can be predicted from the simple character $θ_π$ alone.
description: Revised version
A live RSV vaccine with engineered thermostability is immunogenic in cotton rats despite high attenuation
Creators: name: Sakamoto, Kaori
name: Rostad, Christina A.
name: Boukhvalova, Marina S.
name: Hampton, Cheri M.
name: Hotard, Anne L.
name: Moin, Syed M.
name: Yi, Hong
name: Gilbert, Brian E.
name: Dillard, Rebecca S.
name: Piedra, Pedro A.
name: Pickles, Raymond J.
name: Currier, Michael G.
name: Wright, Elizabeth R.
name: Strauss, Joshua D.
name: Ke, Zunlong
name: Graham, Barney S.
name: Meng, Jia
name: Moore, Martin L.
name: Stobart, Christopher C.
name: Lee, Sujin
name: Blanco, Jorge C.G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of infant hospitalization and there remains no pediatric vaccine. RSV live-attenuated vaccines (LAVs) have a history of safe testing in infants; however, achieving an effective balance of attenuation and immunogenicity has proven challenging. Here we seek to engineer an RSV LAV with enhanced immunogenicity. Genetic mapping identifies strain line 19 fusion (F) protein residues that correlate with pre-fusion antigen maintenance by ELISA and thermal stability of infectivity in live RSV. We generate a LAV candidate named OE4 which expresses line 19F and is attenuated by codon-deoptimization of non-structural (NS1 and NS2) genes, deletion of the small hydrophobic (SH) gene, codon-deoptimization of the attachment (G) gene and ablation of the secreted form of G. OE4 (RSV-A2-dNS1-dNS2-ΔSH-dGm-Gsnull-line19F) exhibits elevated pre-fusion antigen levels, thermal stability, immunogenicity, and efficacy despite heavy attenuation in the upper and lower airways of cotton rats.
Max Point-Tolerance Graphs
Creators: name: Catanzaro, Daniele
name: Chaplick, Steven
name: Felsner, Stefan
name: Halldórsson, Bjarni V.
name: Halldórsson, Magnús M.
name: Hixon, Thomas
name: Stacho, Juraj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A graph $G$ is a \emph{max point-tolerance (MPT)} graph if each vertex $v$ of $G$ can be mapped to a \emph{pointed-interval} $(I_v, p_v)$ where $I_v$ is an interval of $\mathbb{R}$ and $p_v \in I_v$ such that $uv$ is an edge of $G$ iff $I_u \cap I_v \supseteq \{p_u, p_v\}$. MPT graphs model relationships among DNA fragments in genome-wide association studies as well as basic transmission problems in telecommunications. We formally introduce this graph class, characterize it, study combinatorial optimization problems on it, and relate it to several well known graph classes. We characterize MPT graphs as a special case of several 2D geometric intersection graphs; namely, triangle, rectangle, L-shape, and line segment intersection graphs. We further characterize MPT as having certain linear orders on their vertex set. Our last characterization is that MPT graphs are precisely obtained by intersecting special pairs of interval graphs. We also show that, on MPT graphs, the maximum weight independent set problem can be solved in polynomial time, the coloring problem is NP-complete, and the clique cover problem has a 2-approximation. Finally, we demonstrate several connections to known graph classes; e.g., MPT graphs strictly contain interval graphs and outerplanar graphs, but are incomparable to permutation, chordal, and planar graphs.
description: Accepted to the Journal of Discrete Applied Mathematics
A Novel Quality Function Deployment Based Integrated Framework for Improving Supply Chain Sustainability
Creators: name: Karuppiah, Koppiahraj
name: Sankaranarayanan, Bathrinath
name: Ali, Syed Mithun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) plays an important role in the success of the company’s sustainability progress. Industrial management faces difficulty designing a resilient, sustainable supply chain (SSC) with emerging new needs. Hence, the industrial management needs to integrate the customers’ requirements (CRs) in designing the SSC as customer satisfaction plays an important role in the success. Knowing the CRs, the industries may figure out the technical requirements (TRs) that may enhance the industries’ technical capability. This study proposes an integrated approach to help design a resilient SSC by considering both CRs and TRs. The integrated approach consists of the fuzzy Delphi method (FDM), fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP), fuzzy measuring attractiveness by a categorically based evaluation technique (FMACBETH), and quality function deployment (QFD). The results obtained with FAHP and FMACBETH are incorporated into QFD to identify needed TRs. A case study is conducted to verify the integrated approach. Reduced carbon footprint, affordable cost, and on-time delivery are the three important CRs: financial strategy, green supply chain management, and government assistance are the three critical TRs. Based on the outcomes, the study suggests some implications that assist industrial management in improving sustainable supply chain management practices.
A miR-192-EGR1-HOXB9 regulatory network controls the angiogenic switch in cancer
Creators: name: Rodriguez-Aguayo, Cristian
name: Cooper, Laurence J. N.
name: Ali-Fehmi, Rouba
name: Haemmerle, Monika
name: Pham, Elizabeth
name: Baggerly, Keith A.
name: McGuire, Michael H.
name: Ram, Prahlad T.
name: Lee, Ju-Seog
name: Bar-Eli, Menashe
name: Zhang, Min
name: Rupaimoole, Rajesha
name: Hatakeyama, Hiroto
name: Sood, Anil K.
name: Tucker, Sue
name: Olsen, Courtney
name: Kim, Ji Hoon
name: Lopez-Berestein, Gabriel
name: Hung, Mien-Chie
name: Armaiz-Pena, Guillermo N.
name: Wu, Sherry Y.
name: Filant, Justyna
name: Herbrich, Shelley M.
name: Vidal-Anaya, Viviana
name: Seviour, Elena G.
name: Huang, Li
name: Han, Hee-Dong
name: Pecot, Chad V.
name: Pradeep, Sunila
name: Ehsanipour, Ehsan A.
name: Maiti, Sourindra N.
name: Yang, Da
name: Ivan, Cristina
name: Zhang, Xinna
name: Nagaraja, Archana S.
name: Gharpure, Kshipra M.
name: Shen, Fangrong
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: A deeper mechanistic understanding of tumour angiogenesis regulation is needed to improve current anti-angiogenic therapies. Here we present evidence from systems-based miRNA analyses of large-scale patient data sets along with in vitro and in vivo experiments that miR-192 is a key regulator of angiogenesis. The potent anti-angiogenic effect of miR-192 stems from its ability to globally downregulate angiogenic pathways in cancer cells through regulation of EGR1 and HOXB9. Low miR-192 expression in human tumours is predictive of poor clinical outcome in several cancer types. Using 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (DOPC) nanoliposomes, we show that miR-192 delivery leads to inhibition of tumour angiogenesis in multiple ovarian and renal tumour models, resulting in tumour regression and growth inhibition. This anti-angiogenic and anti-tumour effect is more robust than that observed with an anti-VEGF antibody. Collectively, these data identify miR-192 as a central node in tumour angiogenesis and support the use of miR-192 in an anti-angiogenesis therapy.
The Not-So-Silent Suburbs of Star-Forming Regions
Creators: name: Binks, A. S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Young stars
Star-forming regions
photometry
astronomical surveys

description: Most investigations of star-forming regions (SFRs) focus on their cores, where disks, jets, outflows and nebular clouds are commonplace. However, searches around the peripheries of stellar nurseries are almost non-existent, yet ought to contain additional young members, informing us about cloud dynamics and the dissolution of SFRs. “It’s a fishing trip” -- who’s going to offer that kind of observing time, right? Welcome to HYPERS*, a HST project which obtained 100 cycles of mostly optical photometry around the outskirts of SFRs by using the vacant second observing facility whilst the primary mission targeted a known nebulous region. Observations, completed in February 2022 consist of ~30 SFRs at distances 100-1000 pc, size-scales 5-50 pc and populations of a few to a few thousand. Early results show: (1) dozens of emission disk candidates and a few potential jets; (2) many resolved multiple systems as close as ~0.05" that could not be detected without HST's powerful angular resolution; (3) large, previously unreported, cavities in the molecular clouds around the Eagle nebula. Our cross-match with several astronomical surveys indicates that we have lots of new stuff in there!
Exploring boundaries of quantum convex structures: special role of unitary processes
Creators: name: Puchała, Zbigniew
name: Jencova, Anna
name: Sedlak, Michal
name: Ziman, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the question of finding the most effective convex decompositions into boundary elements (so-called boundariness) for sets of quantum states, observables and channels. First we show that in general convex sets the boundariness essentially coincides with the question of the most distinguishable element, thus, providing an operational meaning for this concept. Unexpectedly, we discovered that for any interior point of the set of channels the optimal decomposition necessarily contains a unitary channel. In other words, for any given channel the best distinguishable one is some unitary channel. Further, we prove that boundariness is sub-multiplicative under composition of systems and explicitly evaluate its maximal value that is attained only for the most mixed elements of the considered convex structures.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure
Ultracold Dipolar Gas of Fermionic $^{23}$Na$^{40}$K Molecules in their Absolute Ground State
Creators: name: Park, Jee Woo
name: Will, Sebastian A.
name: Zwierlein, Martin W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the creation of an ultracold dipolar gas of fermionic $^{23}$Na$^{40}$K molecules in their absolute rovibrational and hyperfine ground state. Starting from weakly bound Feshbach molecules, we demonstrate hyperfine resolved two-photon transfer into the singlet ${\rm X}^1Σ^+ |v{=}0,J{=}0\rangle$ ground state, coherently bridging a binding energy difference of 0.65 eV via stimulated rapid adiabatic passage. The spin-polarized, nearly quantum degenerate molecular gas displays a lifetime longer than 2.5 s, highlighting NaK's stability against two-body chemical reactions. A homogeneous electric field is applied to induce a dipole moment of up to 0.8 Debye. With these advances, the exploration of many-body physics with strongly dipolar Fermi gases of $^{23}$Na$^{40}$K molecules is in experimental reach.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
A neomorphic cancer cell-specific role of MAGE-A4 in trans-lesion synthesis
Creators: name: Martinez-Chacin, Raquel C.
name: Greenwalt, Alicia M.
name: Major, Michael B.
name: Pearce, Kenneth H.
name: Yang, Yang
name: Yan, Feng
name: Goldfarb, Dennis
name: Gao, Yanzhe
name: Tateishi, Satoshi
name: Mutter-Rottmayer, Elizabeth
name: Vaziri, Cyrus
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Trans-lesion synthesis (TLS) is an important DNA-damage tolerance mechanism that permits ongoing DNA synthesis in cells harbouring damaged genomes. The E3 ubiquitin ligase RAD18 activates TLS by promoting recruitment of Y-family DNA polymerases to sites of DNA-damage-induced replication fork stalling. Here we identify the cancer/testes antigen melanoma antigen-A4 (MAGE-A4) as a tumour cell-specific RAD18-binding partner and an activator of TLS. MAGE-A4 depletion from MAGE-A4-expressing cancer cells destabilizes RAD18. Conversely, ectopic expression of MAGE-A4 (in cell lines lacking endogenous MAGE-A4) promotes RAD18 stability. DNA-damage-induced mono-ubiquitination of the RAD18 substrate PCNA is attenuated by MAGE-A4 silencing. MAGE-A4-depleted cells fail to resume DNA synthesis normally following ultraviolet irradiation and accumulate γH2AX, thereby recapitulating major hallmarks of TLS deficiency. Taken together, these results demonstrate a mechanism by which reprogramming of ubiquitin signalling in cancer cells can influence DNA damage tolerance and probably contribute to an altered genomic landscape.
Shapes for maximal coverage for two-dimensional random sequential adsorption
Creators: name: Cieśla, Michał
name: Pająk, Grzegorz
name: Ziff, Robert M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The random sequential adsorption of various particle shapes is studied in order to determine the influence of particle anisotropy on the saturated random packing. For all tested particles there is an optimal level of anisotropy which maximizes the saturated packing fraction. It is found that a concave shape derived from a dimer of disks gives a packing fraction of 0.5833, which is comparable to the maximum packing fraction of ellipsoids and spherocylinders and higher than any other studied shape. Discussion why this shape is so beneficial for random sequential adsorption is given.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables
Age or Activity? Constraining evolutionary models with Li-depletion and rotation
Creators: name: Binks, A. S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Stellar evolution
Low-mass stars
Stellar ages
Lithium
Rotation

description: Something's not right! Standard stellar models are clearly at odds with observations of colour-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) and Li-depletion patterns of pre main sequence (PMS) stars in clusters, and mounting evidence is suggesting inflation in low-mass stars - caused by strong dynamo-driven magnetic fields and/or cool starspots - leads to older inferred isochronal ages, in turn delaying the onset of Li-depletion, prompting a new generation of "magnetic models". In this talk I'll pose a simple question: "Can any model provide good simultaneous fits of the CMD and Li-depletion patterns observed in clusters?" By kinematically selecting high-probability members of 5 clusters from the Gaia-ESO Survey, with ages between ~5-150 Myr we examine both standard and magnetic models by fitting isochrones and visually assessing the Li-pattern. We find: (1) standard models provide under-luminous fits at low-masses and can't capture the early stages of Li-depletion; (2) magnetic models are consistently 1.5-2 times older and better match Li-depletion; (3) strong degeneracy between magnetic activity and age. Using TESS 30-min lightcurves we compiled rotation periods. Among the K-stars in the older clusters we find the brightest and least Li-depleted are the fastest rotators, demonstrating the classic “Li-rotation connection” for the first time at ∼35 Myr in NGC 2547, and find some evidence that it exists in the early M-stars of NGC 2264 at <10 Myr.
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Wilson Loops and Chiral Correlators on Squashed Sphere
Creators: name: Fucito, F.
name: Morales, J. F.
name: Poghossian, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study chiral deformations of ${\cal N}=2$ and ${\cal N}=4$ supersymmetric gauge theories obtained by turning on $τ_J \,{\rm tr} \, Φ^J$ interactions with $Φ$ the ${\cal N}=2$ superfield. Using localization, we compute the deformed gauge theory partition function $Z(\vecτ|q)$ and the expectation value of circular Wilson loops $W$ on a squashed four-sphere. In the case of the deformed ${\cal N}=4$ theory, exact formulas for $Z$ and $W$ are derived in terms of an underlying $U(N)$ interacting matrix model replacing the free Gaussian model describing the ${\cal N}=4$ theory. Using the AGT correspondence, the $τ_J$-deformations are related to the insertions of commuting integrals of motion in the four-point CFT correlator and chiral correlators are expressed as $τ$-derivatives of the gauge theory partition function on a finite $Ω$-background. In the so called Nekrasov-Shatashvili limit, the entire ring of chiral relations is extracted from the $ε$-deformed Seiberg-Witten curve. As a byproduct of our analysis we show that $SU(2)$ gauge theories on rational $Ω$-backgrounds are dual to CFT minimal models.
description: 33 pages, 2 figure, in this version we have added two new references and a detailed comparison with the results obtained in one of these two
title: Joint Approaches for Learning Word Representations from Text Corpora and Knowledge Bases
Creators: name: Alsuhaibani, Mohammed
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2020

description: The work presented in this thesis is directed at investigating the possibility of combining text corpora and Knowledge Bases (KBs) for learning word representations. More speciﬁcally, the aim was to propose joint approaches that leverage the two types of resources for the purpose of enhancing the word meaning representations. The main research question to be answered was “Is it possible to enhance the word representations by jointly incorporating text corpora and KBs into the word representations learning process? If so, what are the aspects of word meaning that can be enhanced by combining those two types of resources? ”. The primary contribution of the thesis is three main joint approaches for learning word representations: (i) Joint Representation Learning for Additional Evidence (JointReps), (ii) Joint Hierarchical Word Representation (HWR) and (iii) Sense-Aware Word Representations (SAWR). The JointReps was founded to improve the overall semantic representation of words. To this end, it sought additional evidence from a KB to the co-occurrence statistics in the corpus. In particular, JointReps enforced two words that are in a particular semantic relationship in the KB to have similar word representations. The HWR approach was then proposed to learn word representations in a speciﬁc order to encode the hierarchical information in a KB in the learnt representations. The HWR considered not only the hypernym relations that exist between words in a KB, but also contextual information in a text corpus. Speciﬁcally, given a training corpus and a KB, HWR learnt word representations that simultaneously encoded the hierarchical structure in the KB as well as the co-occurrence statistics between pairs of words in the corpus. A particularly novel aspect of the HWR approach was that it exploits the full hierarchical path of words existing in the KB. The SAWR approach was then introduced to consider not only word representations but also the diﬀerent senses (diﬀerent meanings) associated with each word. The SAWR required the learnt representations to predict the word and the senses accurately. It learnt the sense-aware word representations jointly using both unlabelled and sense-labelled text corpora. The approaches were comprehensively analysed and evaluated in various standard and newly-proposed tasks using a wide range of benchmark datasets. The evaluation was conducted to compare the quality of the learnt word representations by the proposed approaches with word representations learnt by sole-resource baselines and previously proposed joint approaches in the literature. All the proposed joint approaches have proven to be eﬀective for enhancing the learnt word representations. More speciﬁcally, the proposed joint approaches were found to report signiﬁcant improvements over the approaches that use only one type of resources and the previously proposed joint approaches.