cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
INHERITANCE AND MANIFESTATION OF ECONOMICALLY VALUABLE CHARACTERISTICS OF EAR IN INTERVARIOUS HYBRIDS OF SOFT WINTER WHEAT IN FOREST STEPPE CONDITIONS
Creators: name: Shcherbakova Yu.V.
Publisher: name: Colloquium-journal
Year: 2021
Subjects: winter wheat
selection
parental forms
characteristics of productivity
hybrid combinations
heterosis
dominance.

description: The article presents the results of studies of the inheritance by intervarietal F1 hybrids of soft winter wheat of valuable economic traits of productivity of the main spike, namely, the length of the main spike and the number of spikelets of the main spike. Investigated 35 hybrid combinations F1 and highlighted the most promising forms.
title: Smile or die: Can subjective well-being increase survival in the face of substantive health impairments?
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Binder, Martin
name: Buenstorf, Guido
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2016
Subjects: longevity
health
BHPS
survival analysis
subjective well-being
Economics
Wirtschaft
life

description: A robust relationship between subjective well-being and mortality has been established in the literature. While this relationship has been confirmed for many measures and data sets, few studies address how it is affected by concrete diseases. In this paper we assess for the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS) data set from 1991-2008 how life satisfaction interacts with twelve concrete health impairments. Specifically, we analyze whether subjective well-being predicts longer survival in the panel for individuals having the respective impairments. We find that cancer, chest pains and diabetes consistently decrease survival in our sample, even controlling for the severity of health problems. But our results cast doubt on strong claims for the benefits of well-being on mortality: while life satisfaction generally predicts longer survival in the data set, this finding is not robust to controlling for the endogeneity of subjective well-being, and we do not find significant interactions between substantive health impairments and life satisfaction. Higher subjective well-being may keep you healthy, but once you have gotten sick, it does not predict your survival.
The Impact of Climate Change on Agriculture: Nonlinear Effects and Aggregation Bias in Ricardian Models of Farm Land Values
Creators: name: Fezzi, Carlo
name: Bateman, Ian J.
name: Fezzi, Carlo
name: Bateman, Ian J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Climate Change
subject: Agriculture
subject: Ricardian Analysis
subject: Aggregation Bias
subject: Semi-Parametric Models

description: Ricardian (hedonic) analyses of the impact of climate change on farmland values typically assume additively separable effects of temperature and precipitation. Model estimation is implemented on data aggregated across counties or large regions. We investigate the potential bias induced by such approaches by using a large panel of farm-level data. Consistent with the literature on plant physiology, we observe significant non-linear interaction effects, with more abundant precipitation acting as a mitigating factor for increased heat stress. This interaction disappears when the same data is aggregated in the conventional manner, leading to predictions of climate change impacts which are significantly distorted.
Propagation of chaos and moderate interaction for a piecewise deterministic system of geometrically enriched particles
Creators: name: Diez, Antoine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q70, 58J60, 60J75, 60J25, 60K35, 82C22

description: In this article we study a system of $N$ particles, each of them being defined by the couple of a position (in $\mathbb{R}^d$) and a so-called orientation which is an element of a compact Riemannian manifold. This orientation can be seen as a generalisation of the velocity in Vicsek-type models such as [Degond et al. 2017; Degond, Motsch 2008]. We will assume that the orientation of each particle follows a jump process whereas its position evolves deterministically between two jumps. The law of the jump depends on the position of the particle and the orientations of its neighbours. In the limit $N\to\infty$, we first prove a propagation of chaos result which can be seen as an adaptation of the classical result on McKean-Vlasov systems [Sznitman 1991] to Piecewise Deterministic Markov Processes (PDMP). As in [Jourdain, Méléard 1998], we then prove that under a proper rescaling with respect to $N$ of the interaction radius between the agents (moderate interaction), the law of the limiting mean-field system satisfies a BGK equation with localised interactions which has been studied as a model of collective behaviour in [Degond et al. 2018]. Finally, in the spatially homogeneous case, we give an alternative approach based on martingale arguments.
title: Low latency internet and economic growth: A simultaneous approach
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Lüdering, Jochen
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2016
Subjects: Latency
Economic Growth
Internet
Simultaneous Equations
Economics
Wirtschaft

description: Given the quality of the available data on Internet access across several countries, it is necessary to evaluate alternative measures to assess the effect of Internet access on economic outcomes. The research at hand builds up on an earlier paper, which introduced a novel measure of Internet quality. A logical consequence has been to introduce the new indicator (average latency for a country) into established models of economic growth. The data used in this analysis spans the period from 2008 to 2014 and covers 155 countries. The findings largely confirm previous results, that Internet access is beneficial to economic growth and emphasize the appropriateness of technical measures of Internet quality for economic analysis. Apart from providing insight into the quality dimension these measures do not rely on survey data, but can be obtained directly requiring only a low level of investment, making the data collection process viable even for smaller institutions.
Lorentz transformations of open systems
Creators: name: Peres, Asher
name: Terno, Daniel R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider open dynamical systems, subject to external interventions by agents that are not completely described by the theory (classical or quantal). These interventions are localized in regions that are relatively spacelike. Under these circumstances, no relativistic transformation law exists that relates the descriptions of the physical system by observers in relative motion. Still, physical laws are the same in all Lorentz frames.
description: Final version submitted to J. Mod. Opt. (Proc. of Gdansk conference)
Calibrations for Charged Particle Tracking and Measurments of ω Photoproduction with the GlueX Detector
Creators: name: Staib, Michael
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 20399 Classical Physics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The GlueX experiment is a new experimental facility at Jefferson Lab in Newport News, VA. The experiment aims to map out the spectrum of hybrid mesons in the light quark sector. Measurements of the spin-density matrix elements in w photoproduction are performed with a linear polarized
photon beam on an unpolarized proton target, and presented in bins of Mandelstam t for beam energies of 8:4 - 9:0 GeV. The spin-density matrix elements are exclusively measured through two decays of the w meson: w --> π + π - and π 0 and w --> π0 y. A description of the experimental apparatus
is presented. Several methods used in the calibration of the charged particle tracking system are described. These measurements greatly improve the world statistics in this energy range. These are the first results measured through the w --> πo y decay at this energy. Results are generally
consistent with a theoretical model based on diffractive production with Pomeron and pseudoscalar exchange in the t-channel.
title: Choices with Delayed Consequences: Pleasing or Fighting Future Tastes?
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Krügel, Sebastian
name: Uhl, Matthias
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2016
Subjects: Multiple selves
Intrap- ersonal con ict
Economics
Wirtschaft
Projection bias
State-dependent preferences
Commitment

description: Many choices concern consumption in future periods. If preferences are state-dependent, a fundamental question is whether people consider their preferences at the time of consumption or decision as more important. Assuming the first, previous studies apparently demonstrate that people systematically mispredict their future tastes. Most of this evidence, however, is also consistent with the idea that people understand, but do not approve of their future preferences. To disentangle both approaches, we conducted a framed field experiment with a commitment option. Commitment in our experiment was not a device against weak will. It was a judgment, which one planning self imposed on another planning self. The results suggest that people are not willing to neglect their preferences at the time of the decision. People may sometimes experience a con ict between two far-sighted selves. This has profound implications in the area of consumer sovereignty and questions the main justification of paternalism.
Regularized Ensemble Kalman Methods for Inverse Problems
Creators: name: Zhang, Xin-Lei
name: Michelén-Ströfer, Carlos
name: Xiao, Heng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inverse problems are common and important in many applications in computational physics but are inherently ill-posed with many possible model parameters resulting in satisfactory results in the observation space. When solving the inverse problem with adjoint-based optimization, the problem can be regularized by adding additional constraints in the cost function. However, similar regularizations have not been used in ensemble-based methods, where the same optimization is done implicitly through the analysis step rather than through explicit minimization of the cost function. Ensemble-based methods, and in particular ensemble Kalman methods, have gained popularity in practice where physics models typically do not have readily available adjoint capabilities. While the model outputs can be improved by incorporating observations using these methods, the lack of regularization means the inference of the model parameters remains ill-posed. Here we propose a regularized ensemble Kalman method capable of enforcing regularization constraints. Specifically, we derive a modified analysis scheme that implicitly minimizes a cost function with generalized constraints. We demonstrate the method's ability to regularize the inverse problem with three cases of increasing complexity, starting with inferring scalar model parameters. As a final case, we utilize the proposed method to infer the closure field in the Reynolds-averaged Navier--Stokes equations; a problem of significant importance in fluid dynamics and many engineering applications.
The Trial of Reason: Political theology as the investigation of judgement
Creators: name: Bergem, Ragnar Misje
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: theology
political theology
philosophy

description: This dissertation is an inquiry into the relationship between political theology and the philosophical effort to establish a secular and autonomous order in which individuals govern themselves through universal laws. I argue that this project fails and explore how political theologies arise in its wake. In chapter 1, I argue that Kant’s philosophy stages a ‘trial of reason’ to establish the authority and autonomy of reason. To succeed, Kant must give an account of judgement as the reconciliation the universal and the individual. However, the trial of reason suffers two fates: Either legal procedure is flouted the new order is established through a violent act, or the verdict is deferred, and reason’s laws are legitimised by referring to an ideal of autonomy that never arises. In both cases, something is sacrificed to support rational order. In chapter 2, I show how F.W.J. Schelling responds to an autonomous and secular order by developing a political theology in which only the Church holds the key to a non-violent judgement. I then argue, in chapter 3, that Carl Schmitt develops his political theology in response to a liberal formalism which hides the sacrifices that sustain political and rational order. Here political theology springs out of the realisation that political and rational judgements always demand a sacrifice. In chapter 4, I discuss the work of Giorgio Agamben, who seeks to suspend political and rational judgement altogether. Both the political and the religious is characterised by the same ‘sacred’ logic which sustains an omnipotent, but unaccountable power of judgement. Finally, in chapter 5, I discuss the work of G.W.F. Hegel to show how the trial of reason depends on two conflicting accounts of secularisation. I end with raising some critical questions about the trial, and the political theologies that arise in its wake.
Additional file 2: of GJA1 (connexin43) is a key regulator of Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis
Creators: name: Kajiwara, Yuji
name: Wang, Erming
name: Wang, Minghui
name: Sin, Wun
name: Brennand, Kristen J.
name: Schadt, Eric
name: Naus, Christian
name: Buxbaum, Joseph
name: Zhang, Bin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Figure S1. Correlations between GIA1 and individual clinic traits stratified by AOD (age of death), gender and APOE genotypes in BM36 region. Figure S2. Correlation between Gja1 and individual transcripts of ADGWAS genes. Figure S3. GJA1-centric Bayesian causal network and GJA1 signaling pathway map. Figure S4. Enrichment of Gia1-/- gene signatures in GJA1 centric correlation networks. Figure S5. Regulation of A1/A2 astrocyte marker genes in Gja1-/- astrocytes. Figure S6. Quinine (GJA1 channel agonist) upregulates Gja1 and Apoe, and other network genes. Figure S7. A. Wildtype and Gja1-/- astrocytes were treated with fluorescently labeled Aβ1-42 oligomers for 24 hours and the number of astrocytes in association with Aβ1-42 oligomers were quantitatively estimated by counting total cells (DAPI+) and Aβ positive cells. B. Representative images of phase contrast, Hilyte Fluor488-labeled Aβ, and DAPI staining from wildtype (upper panels) and Gja1-/- (lower panels) astrocytes were shown. These images were taken by bright field microscope and the representatives of 2 independent experiments with similar results are shown. Figure S8. Complex regulation of Gja1 key drivers in neuron/astrocyte/microglia cocultures by carbenoxolone and quinine. (DOCX 1.4 kb)
Antibodi terhadap Advanced Glycation End Product, Cara Mutakhir Pencegahan Komplikasi Diabetes Melitus.pdf
Creators: name: Makhyan Jibril Al Farabi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 110107 Metabolic Medicine
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Antibody against AGE to prevent diabetes complication
Novel methods for biological network inference: an application to circadian Ca2+ signaling network
Creators: name: Jin, Junyang
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: systems biology
network inference
system identification
sparse networks
machine learning
Bayesian inference

description: Biological processes involve complex biochemical interactions among a large number of species like cells, RNA, proteins and metabolites. Learning these interactions is essential to interfering artificially with biological processes in order to, for example, improve crop yield, develop new therapies, and predict new cell or organism behaviors to genetic or environmental perturbations. For a biological process, two pieces of information are of most interest. For a particular species, the first step is to learn which other species are regulating it. This reveals topology and causality. The second step involves learning the precise mechanisms of how this regulation occurs. This step reveals the dynamics of the system. Applying this process to all species leads to the complete dynamical network. Systems biology is making considerable efforts to learn biological networks at low experimental costs. The main goal of this thesis is to develop advanced methods to build models for biological networks, taking the circadian system of Arabidopsis thaliana as a case study. A variety of network inference approaches have been proposed in the literature to study dynamic biological networks. However, many successful methods either require prior knowledge of the system or focus more on topology. This thesis presents novel methods that identify both network topology and dynamics, and do not depend on prior knowledge. Hence, the proposed methods are applicable to general biological networks. These methods are initially developed for linear systems, and, at the cost of higher computational complexity, can also be applied to nonlinear systems. Overall, we propose four methods with increasing computational complexity: one-to-one, combined group and element sparse Bayesian learning (GESBL), the kernel method and reversible jump Markov chain Monte Carlo method (RJMCMC). All methods are tested with challenging dynamical network simulations (including feedback, random networks, different levels of noise and number of samples), and realistic models of circadian system of Arabidopsis thaliana. These simulations show that, while the one-to-one method scales to the whole genome, the kernel method and RJMCMC method are superior for smaller networks. They are robust to tuning variables and able to provide stable performance. The simulations also imply the advantage of GESBL and RJMCMC over the state-of-the-art method. We envision that the estimated models can benefit a wide range of research. For example, they can locate biological compounds responsible for human disease through mathematical analysis and help predict the effectiveness of new treatments.
On the outer boundary of the sunspot penumbra
Creators: name: Kalman, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Comparison of photographic observations and vector-magnetograph measurements demonstrate, that the outer boundary of the sunspot penumbra --even in complex sunspot groups-- closely follows the 0.075T isogauss line of the total value of the magnetic field, corresponding approximately to the equipartition value in the photosphere. Radio observations also show this feature. The thick penumbra model with interchange convection (Jahn and Schmidt, 1994) gives the best explanation of the penumbral structure.
description: accepted to Solar Physics
Vortex Majorana braiding in a finite time
Creators: name: Posske, Thore
name: Chiu, Ching-Kai
name: Thorwart, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Abrikosov vortices in Fe-based superconductors are a promising platform for hosting Majorana zero modes. Their adiabatic exchange is a key ingredient for Majorana-based quantum computing. However, the adiabatic braiding process can not be realized in state-of-the-art experiments. We propose to replace the infinitely slow, long-path braiding by only slightly moving vortices in a special geometry without actually physically exchanging the Majoranas, like a Majorana carousel. Although the resulting finite-time gate is not topologically protected, it is robust against variations in material specific parameters and in the braiding-speed. We prove this analytically. Our results carry over to Y-junctions of Majorana wires.
Glossomaera octodens Krapp-Schickel 2009, nov. comb.
Creators: name: Krapp-Schickel, Traudl
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Amphipoda
Maeridae
Glossomaera
Glossomaera octodens

description: Glossomaera octodens (Sivaprakasam, 1968) nov. comb.
(Figs 12, 13)
 Maera octodens Sivaprakasam, 1968: 36, fig. 2. — Ledoyer, 1978: 278, fig. 31. — Ledoyer, 1979: 80, fig. 45. — Berents, 1983: 128, fig. 22 (part). — Myers, 1985: 112, fig. 88. — Appadoo, Myers & Fagoonee, 2002: 668, fig. 17. — Lowry & Stoddart, 2003: 181.
 Linguimaera octodens. — Lowry & Springthorpe, 2005: 238.
 Material examined. 1 male (slide), AM P70640 (QLD 1621).
 Type locality. Appa Island, East coast of India (~ 9°9.36'N 78°49.48'E).
 Description. Based on male, 4.5 mm, AM P70640.
 Head. Head lateral cephalic lobe broad, notch present; eye small, rounded. Antenna 1 peduncular articles 1 and 2 subequal, accessory flagellum with 3 articles. Mandible palp articles 2 and 3 subequal, article 3 with 3 long lateral and 3 long distal setae.
 Pereon. Gnathopod 1 coxa quadrangular, anterodistal acute corner, ventral margin serrated; carpus wider and longer than rectangular propodus. Gnathopod 2 asymmetrical; in smaller gnathopod, carpus triangular, somewhat longer than rectangular propodus with oblique palmar margin; larger gnathopod with cup-shaped carpus, propodus about 2.5 x length of that of smaller gnathopod, palm oblique and with 6–8 regular toothwaves; dactylus distally broadened. Pereopods 5–7 basis posterior margin serrated, narrowing distally.
 Pleon. Epimera 1–2 posterodistally with small upturned spine, followed by a shallow incision on posterior margin, with 1 seta inserted. Epimeron 3 posterior margin serrated, ventral margin smooth. Uropod 3 rami subequal, about 1.5 x length of peduncle, with short distal truncation and with many robust setae. Telson deeply cleft, lobes with shallow distal excavation, outer margin terminating in long spine, inner margin not lengthened, corner of about 90°; excavation with one strong robust seta inserted, length less than that of telson, lateral margins with 1–2 plumose setae and 1–2 shorter robust setae.
 Female (sexually dimorphic characters). Unknown.
 Habitat. Coral rubble, rubble patches between coral bommies, 3.7m.
 Distribution. Australia. Queensland: Lizard Island (Berents 1983, current study). Fiji (Myers 1985). India (Sivaprakasam 1968). Madagascar (Ledoyer 1978, 1979). Mauritius (Appadoo et al. 2002).
description: Published as part of Krapp-Schickel, Traudl, 2009, Maeridae, the Ceradocus group *, pp. 598-642 in Zootaxa 2260 (1) on pages 614-616, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2260.1.32, http://zenodo.org/record/5309853
Closed universes can satisfy the holographic principle in three dimensions
Creators: name: Cruz, Norman
name: Lepe, Samuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine in details Friedmann-Robertson-Walker models in 2+1 dimensions in order to investigate the cosmic holographic principle suggested by Fischler and Susskind. Our results are rigorously derived differing from the previous one found by Wang and Abdalla. We discuss the erroneous assumptions done in this work. The matter content of the models is composed of a perfect fluid, with a $γ$-law equation of state. We found that closed universes satisfy the holographic principle only for exotic matter with a negative pressure. We also analyze the case of a collapsing flat universe.
description: 14 pages, latex, no figures.Accepted in Phys.Lett.B
Developing an induced pluripotent stem cell model of pulmonary arterial hypertension to understand the contribution of BMPR2 mutations to disease-associated phenotypes in smooth muscle cells
Creators: name: Kiskin, Fedir
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: pulmonary arterial hypertension
stem cells
disease modelling
BMPR2
CRISPR-Cas9
proliferation
apoptosis
mitochondrial membrane potential
smooth muscle cells
RNA sequencing
iPSCs
bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 2

description: Mutations in the gene encoding the bone morphogenetic protein type 2 receptor (BMPR2) are the most common genetic cause of heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, given the reduced penetrance of BMPR2 mutations in affected families, a major outstanding question is the identity of additional factors or pathways that are responsible for the manifestation of clinical disease. Furthermore, limited human tissue is available for study and usually only from patients with end-stage disease, making it difficult to understand how PAH is established and progresses. Alternative human models of PAH are therefore required. This thesis describes the characterisation of the first human iPSC-derived smooth muscle cell (iPSC-SMC) model of PAH and elucidates the role of BMPR2 deficiency in establishing PAH-associated phenotypes in iPSC-derived SMCs. To achieve this, I used CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing to generate wild-type and BMPR2+/- iPSC lines with isogenic backgrounds which were subsequently differentiated into lineage-specific iPSC-SMCs that displayed a gene expression profile and responses to BMP signalling akin to those present in distal pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Using these cells, I found that the introduction of a single BMPR2 mutation in iPSC-SMCs was sufficient to recapitulate the pro-proliferative and anti-apoptotic phenotype of patient-derived BMPR2+/- PASMCs. However, acquisition of the mitochondrial hyperpolarisation phenotype was enhanced by inflammatory signalling and required an interaction between BMPR2 mutations and environmental stimuli provided by exposure to serum over time. Furthermore, I showed that BMPR2+/- iPSC-SMCs had an altered differentiation state and were less contractile compared to wild-type iPSC-SMCs, phenotypes which have not been observed previously in PAH-derived PASMCs. Finally, RNA sequencing analysis identified genes that were differentially expressed between wild-type and BMPR2+/- iPSC-SMCs and may hence provide further insights into PAH pathobiology. The iPSC-SMC model described in this study will be useful for identifying additional factors involved in disease penetrance and for validating therapeutic approaches that target BMPR2.
description: This thesis project was supported by British Heart Foundation (BHF) PhD Studentship grant FS/13/51/30636, with work in the lab also being funded by BHF project grant PG/14/31/30786 and programme grant RG/13/4/30107, the Dinosaur Trust, Fondation Leducq, the Medical Research Council, Pulmonary Hypertension Association UK and Fight for Sight and the Robert McAlpine Foundation.
Bounds for discrete multilinear spherical maximal functions in higher dimensions
Creators: name: Anderson, Theresa C.
name: Palsson, Eyvindur Ari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We find the sharp range for boundedness of the discrete bilinear spherical maximal function for dimensions $d \geq 5$. That is, we show that this operator is bounded on $l^{p}(\mathbb{Z}^d)\times l^{q}(\mathbb{Z}^d) \to l^{r}(\mathbb{Z}^d)$ for $\frac{1}{p} + \frac{1}{q} \geq \frac{1}{r}$ and $r>\frac{d}{2d-2}$ and we show this range is sharp. Our approach mirrors that used by Jeong and Lee in the continuous setting. For dimensions $d=3,4$, our previous work, which used different techniques, still gives the best known bounds. We also prove analogous results for higher degree $k$, $\ell$-linear operators.
description: References updated, typo corrected
Taming Unbalanced Training Workloads in Deep Learning with Partial Collective Operations
Creators: name: Li, Shigang
name: Ben-Nun, Tal
name: Di Girolamo, Salvatore
name: Alistarh, Dan
name: Hoefler, Torsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Load imbalance pervasively exists in distributed deep learning training systems, either caused by the inherent imbalance in learned tasks or by the system itself. Traditional synchronous Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) achieves good accuracy for a wide variety of tasks, but relies on global synchronization to accumulate the gradients at every training step. In this paper, we propose eager-SGD, which relaxes the global synchronization for decentralized accumulation. To implement eager-SGD, we propose to use two partial collectives: solo and majority. With solo allreduce, the faster processes contribute their gradients eagerly without waiting for the slower processes, whereas with majority allreduce, at least half of the participants must contribute gradients before continuing, all without using a central parameter server. We theoretically prove the convergence of the algorithms and describe the partial collectives in detail. Experimental results on load-imbalanced environments (CIFAR-10, ImageNet, and UCF101 datasets) show that eager-SGD achieves 1.27x speedup over the state-of-the-art synchronous SGD, without losing accuracy.
description: Published in Proceedings of the 25th ACM SIGPLAN Symposium on Principles and Practice of Parallel Programming (PPoPP'20), pp. 45-61. 2020
Dynamics of Fermionic Four-Wave Mixing
Creators: name: Christ, H.
name: Search, C. P.
name: Meystre, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of a beam of fermions diffracted off a density grating formed by fermionic atoms in the limit of a large grating. An exact description of the system in terms of particle-hole operators is developed. We use a combination of analytical and numerical methods to quantitatively explore the Raman-Nath and the Bragg regimes of diffraction. We discuss the limits in diffraction efficiency resulting from the dephasing of the grating due the distribution of energy states occupied by the fermions. We propose several methods to overcome these limits, including the novel technique of ``atom echoes''.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
MitochondriaEMSegmentationBoundaryModel
Creators: name: Pape, Constantin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: bioimage.io
bioimage.io:model
3d
electron-microscopy
mitochondria
instance-segmentation
unet

description: Download RDF Package
U-Net for Mitochondria Segmentation This model segments mitochondria in electron microscopy images. It predicts boundary maps and foreground probabilities. The boundaries can be processed with Multicut to obtain an instance segmentation. Training The network was trained on data from the MitoEM Segmentation Challenge. The training script can be found here. This folder also includes example usages of this model. Training Data Imaging modality: serial blockface electron microscopy Dimensionality: 3D Source: https://mitoem.grand-challenge.org/ Recommended Validation It is recommended to validate the instance segmentation obtained from this model using intersection-over-union. See the validation script. This model can also be used in ilastik, deepimageJ or other software that supports the bioimage.io model format. Training Schedule n_epochs: 9 batches_per_epoch: 6400 batch_size: 1 loss_function: DiceLoss optimizer: Adam learning_rate: 0.0001 n_train_images: None n_validation_images: None Contact For questions or issues with this models, please reach out by: opening a topic with tags bioimageio and mitochondriaemsegmentationboundarymodel on image.sc or creating an issue in https://github.com/constantinpape/torch-em
description: Mitochondria segmentation for electron microscopy. (Uploaded via https://bioimage.io)
Physics of multi-GEM structures
Creators: name: Buzulutskov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that physics of multi-GEM structures is rather complex, regarding the number of phenomena affecting detector performance. The high-pressure operation in noble gases and the ion feedback are considered in more detail. It is proposed that the dominant avalanche mechanism in He and Ne, at high pressures, is the associative ionization. Ion feedback effects related to the dependence on gas, pressure and gain and to possible avalanche extension outside the GEM holes are discussed.
description: Presented at the 8th International Conference on Instrumentation for Colliding Beam Physics, Novosibirsk, Febuary 28 - March 6, 2002. To be published in Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A
LiveCellSegmentationBoundaryModel
Creators: name: Pape, Constantin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: bioimage.io
bioimage.io:model
2d
transmission-light-microscopy
label-free
cells
instance-segmentation
unet

description: Download RDF Package
U-Net for Livecell Segmentation This model segments cells in phase-contrast microscopy images, which are often used in live-cell imaging. It predicts boundary maps and foreground probabilities. The boundaries can be processed e.g. with Multicut or Watershed to obtain an instance segmentation. Training The network was trained on data from the LiveCell publication. The training script can be found here. This folder also includes example usages of this model. Training Data Imaging modality: phase-contrast microscopy Dimensionality: 2D Source: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41592-021-01249-6 Recommended Validation It is recommended to validate the instance segmentation obtained from this model using intersection-over-union. See the validation script. This model can also be used in ilastik, deepimageJ or other software that supports the bioimage.io model format. Training Schedule n_epochs: 133 batches_per_epoch: 407 batch_size: 8 loss_function: DiceLoss optimizer: Adam learning_rate: 0.0001 n_train_images: 3253 n_validation_images: 570 Contact For questions or issues with this models, please reach out by: opening a topic with tags bioimageio and livecellsegmentationboundarymodel on image.sc or creating an issue in https://github.com/constantinpape/torch-em
description: Cell segmentation for phase-contrast microscopy. (Uploaded via https://bioimage.io)
Classical capacity of a noiseless quantum channel assisted by noisy entanglement
Creators: name: Horodecki, Michal
name: Horodecki, Pawel
name: Horodecki, Ryszard
name: Leung, Debbie
name: Terhal, Barbara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the general formula for the capacity of a noiseless quantum channel assisted by an arbitrary amount of noisy entanglement. In this capacity formula, the ratio of the quantum mutual information and the von Neumann entropy of the sender's share of the noisy entanglement plays the role of mutual information in the completely classical case. A consequence of our results is that bound entangled states cannot increase the capacity of a noiseless quantum channel.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, uses qic.sty, submitted to QIC journal. Improved presentation and typographical errors corrected
NeuronEMSegmentationBoundaryModel
Creators: name: Pape, Constantin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: bioimage.io
bioimage.io:model
unet
neurons
instance-segmentation
electron-microscopy
cremi
connectomics
3d
affinity-prediction

description: Download RDF Package
U-Net for EM Neuron Segmentation This model segments neurons in electron microscopy images. It predicts boundary maps segmenting neural membranes. The boundaries can be processed with Multicut segmentation to obtain an instance segmentation. Training The network was trained on data from the CREMI Neuron Segmentation Challenge. The training script can be found here. This folder also includes example usages of this model. Training Data Imaging modality: serial section transmission electron microscopy data of fruit-fly neural tissue. Dimensionality: 3D Source: CREMI Neuron Segmentation Challenge Recommended Validation It is recommended to validate the instance segmentation obtained from this model using metrics derived from the RandIndex or the Variation of Information. See the validation script. This model can also be used in ilastik, deepimageJ or other software that supports the bioimage.io model format. Training Schedule n_epochs: 85 batches_per_epoch: 1000 batch_size: 1 loss_function: DiceLoss optimizer: Adam learning_rate: 0.0001 n_train_images: None n_validation_images: None Contact For questions or issues with this models, please reach out by: opening a topic with tags bioimageio and neuronemsegmentationboundarymodel on image.sc or creating an issue in https://github.com/constantinpape/torch-em
description: Neuron segmentation in EM, trained on the CREMI challenge data. (Uploaded via https://bioimage.io)
Koishikawa Yanaka Hongō ezu
小石川谷中本郷繪圖
Creators: name: Tomatsu, Masanori, Active 19th Century
Publisher: name: Tōkyō : Owariya Seishichi
Year: 2016

description: Cover attached; cover title: 本郷湯島繪圖 Hongō Yushima ezu (Map of Hongō, Yushima). Earlier edition of Beans 1869. Shows Tōkyō University area at center bottom of map. Accompanying slip: "Koishikawa Yanaka Hongō ezu" Shrines, temples, roads, bridges, houses, rivers, and ponds indicated. Family crest indicate upper residence, square indicate middle residence, circle indicate lower residence.
Imaging and Spatially Resolved Spectroscopy of AFGL 2688 in the Thermal Infrared Region
Creators: name: Goto, M.
name: Kobayashi, N.
name: Terada, H.
name: Tokunaga, A. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present ground-based high-resolution (~0".3) imaging of AFGL 2688 at L' (3.8 um) and M'(4.7um). A wealth of structure in the central region is revealed due to less extinction in the thermal infrared. A clear border in the southern lobe at L' corresponds to the edge of the heavily obscured region in visible, indicating there is a dense material surrounding the central region. The images also show a narrow dark lane oriented to 140 deg east of north with the normal at 50 deg. The normal position angle is inconsistent with the optical polar axis (PA = 15 deg), but is aligned to the high-velocity CO components found in the radio wavelength observations. The central star remains invisible at L' and M'. Several clumpy regions in the north lobe dominate in L' and M' luminosity. In particular a pointlike source (peak A) at 0".5 northeast of the center of the nebula exhibits the highest surface brightness with a very red spectral energy distribution (SED). Based on the almost identical SED as adjacent regions, we suggest that the pointlike source is not self-luminous, as was proposed, but is a dense dusty blob reflecting thermal emission from the central star. We also present spatially resolved slit spectroscopy of the bright dusty blobs. An emission feature at 3.4 um as well as at 3.3 um is detected everywhere within our field of view. There is no spatial variation in the infrared emission feature (IEF) throughout the observed area (0".2-1".5, or 240-1800 AU from the central source). The constant flux ratio of the emission feature relative to the continuum is consistent with the view that the blobs are mostly reflecting the light from the central star in the 3 um region.
description: 20 pages, 12 figures, LaTeX, accepted for publication in ApJ
Improving earlier non-invasive diagnosis of high-grade serous ovarian cancer
Creators: name: Moore, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: ovarian cancer
circulating tumour DNA
early detection

description: The majority of women with ovarian cancer (OC) have advanced disease at diagnosis and 5-year survival rates of less than 25%. Women with stage I disease have significantly better 5-year survival rates of over 90%. Recent large studies using CA 125 and transvaginal ultrasound have failed to improve mortality in a screened population. There is therefore a pressing need for new diagnostic biomarkers in OC. The primary aim of my project, as a first step in developing a diagnostic circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) biomarker for high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC), was to investigate low-cost high-throughput next generation sequencing assays in plasma samples collected from women with newly diagnosed OC. The secondary aim was to apply these methods to other non-invasive samples including cervical liquid based cytology samples that might contribute to earlier diagnosis or screening for women with OC. ctDNA was detected in 30-49% of women with newly diagnosed OC from the UKOPS (n=54) and CTCR-OV04 (n=156) cohorts using targeted sequencing. Using the trimmed median absolute deviation (t-MAD) score, a quantitative measure of genome wide copy number aberration generated from shallow whole genome sequencing (sWGS) data, ctDNA was detected in 39–41% of the women with newly diagnosed disease. To improve sensitivity of ctDNA detection I developed an optimised method for targeted sequencing that has the potential to lower the limit of detection of ctDNA in HGSOC by 100 fold. I have also shown that the size profile of HGSOC ctDNA fragments is different to that of wildtype DNA fragments and shown that selecting for DNA fragments between 90–150 bp can increase rates of ctDNA detection in HGSOC. ctDNA detection increased to 53–67% of women with newly diagnosed OC using the size selected t-MAD score. I have evaluated the utility of cervical sampling for earlier diagnosis of OC by testing and optimising DNA extraction, library preparation and sequencing methods. I have detected tumour DNA in routine cervical cytology samples collected from women subsequently diagnosed with cervical and endometrial cancers. In summary I have developed methods for ctDNA detection in women with newly diagnosed HGSOC that can be applied and refined in larger prospective studies of women undergoing follow-up for treated HGSOC, women with symptoms suggestive of OC and women at high risk of OC.
description: Clinical Research Training Fellowship funded by Target Ovarian Cancer and Medical Research Council.
Nonmonotonic plasmon dispersion in strongly interacting Coulomb Luttinger liquids
Creators: name: Chou, Yang-Zhi
name: Sarma, Sankar Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the plasmon in one-dimensional Coulomb interacting electron fluids can develop a finite-momentum maxon-roton-like nonmonotonic energy-momentum dispersion. Such an unusual nonmonotonicity arises from the strongly interacting $1/r$ Coulomb potential going beyond the conventional band linearization approximation used in the standard bosonization theories of Luttinger liquids. We provide details for the nonmonotonic plasmon dispersion using both bosonization and RPA theories. We also calculate the specific heat including the nonmonotonicity and discuss possibilities for observing the nonmonotonic plasmon dispersion in various physical systems including semiconductor quantum wires, carbon nanotubes, and the twisted bilayer graphene at sub-degree twist angles, which naturally realize one-dimensional domain-wall states.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, published version
Seiberg Witten Map and the Axial Anomaly in Noncommutative Field Theory
Creators: name: Banerjee, Rabin
name: Ghosh, Subir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the point-splitting regularisation, we calculate the axial anomaly in an arbitrary even dimensional Non-Commutative (NC) field theory. Our result is (star) gauge invariant in its {\it unintegrated} form, to the leading order in the NC parameter. Exploiting the Seiberg Witten map, this result gets transformed to the familiar Adler-Bell-Jackiw anomaly in ordinary space-time. Furthermore, using this map, we derive an expression for the unintegrated axial anomaly for constant fields in NC space-time, that is valid to all finite orders of the NC parameter.
description: Slightly modified version with minor changes in the reference, Jour. ref: Phys. Lett. B533 (2002) 162
Matching Theory Under Uncertainty
Creators: name: Wajc, David
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Theoretical Computer Science

description: Traditionally, optimization in computer science has been studied in the full information setting: data is collected, a program is run, and then the output is used. However, the increasing pervasiveness of user-facing applications is increasingly shifting the focus to computation under incomplete information: data is generated continuously by users, who expect their new data to quickly affect the externalized solution. This modern computational paradigm motivates a renewed interest in computation under uncertainty (about the input), including online, dynamic andstreaming algorithms. Many problems providing the renewed impetus for studying algorithms under uncertainty come from the field of matching theory—the study of pairing agents/items. Examples abound, arising in disparate applications, from ride-sharing apps, to Internetadvertising, to online gaming. This motivates the study of matching theory under uncertainty. Moreover, the study of matching theory has historically played a key role in the development of immensely influential techniques for computation more broadly. An additional motivation for studying matching theory under uncertainty, then, is its potential to provide similar fundamental insights for computation under uncertainty more broadly. In this thesis we answer several longstanding open problems in the area of matching theory under uncertainty, and hint at some methods with potential broader applicability to computation under uncertainty. This again illustrates the pivotal role ofmatching theory, this time in modern settings. In Part I, we study online algorithms; here, the input is revealed in parts, in some adversarial order, in the form of requests,to which we must respond immediately and irrevocably. In Part II, we study online algorithms under structural and stochastic assumptions which are motivated by information about practical inputs of interest, allowing for better guarantees than possible for worst-case inputs. Finally, in Part III, we study dynamic algorithms, where the input is constantly changing, and the algorithm’s choices, while not irrevocable, must be quick; in the same part, we study streaming algorithms, motivated by big-data applications, where choices are not irrevocable, but are restricted to onlyusing a limited amount of memory compared to the (massive) input size.