cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
iTIMP: isotriplet Technicolor Interacting Massive Particle as Dark Matter
Creators: name: Frandsen, Mads T.
name: Sannino, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We suggest that a weak isotriplet composite scalar possessing an unbroken U(1) global symmetry naturally arises in technicolor models leading to an interesting type of dark matter candidate: the iTIMP. We propose explicit models of the iTIMP, study earth based constraints and suggest possible collider signals.
description: 4 pages, 4 Figures, added content, added references
Additional file 1 of Identification of DNA methylation biomarkers for risk of liver metastasis in early-stage colorectal cancer
Creators: name: Li, Weihua
name: Guo, Lei
name: Tang, Wanxiangfu
name: Ma, Yutong
name: Wang, Xiaonan
name: Shao, Yang
name: Zhao, Hong
name: Ying, Jianming
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Liver metastasis free survival for the 59 CRC patients. 60% of the 59 CRC patients reached a stable stage of liver metastasis free at 1600 days.
Does the Calcaneus Serve as Hypomochlion within the Lower Limb by a Myofascial Connection?—A Systematic Review
Creators: name: Weinrich, Luise
name: Paraskevaidis, Melissa
name: Schleip, Robert
name: Agres, Alison N.
name: Tsitsilonis, Serafeim
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: hypomochlion
subject: Achilles tendon
subject: plantar fascia
subject: fulcrum
subject: calcaneus
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: (1) Background: Clinical approaches have depicted interconnectivity between the Achilles tendon and the plantar fascia. This concept has been applied in rehabilitation, prevention, and in conservative management plans, yet potential anatomical and histological connection is not fully understood. (2) Objective: To explore the possible explanation that the calcaneus acts as a hypomochlion. (3) Methods: 2 databases (Pubmed and Livivo) were searched and studies, including those that examined the relationship of the calcaneus to the Achilles tendon and plantar fascia and its biomechanical role. The included studies highlighted either the anatomical, histological, or biomechanical aspect of the lower limb. (4) Results: Seventeen studies were included. Some studies depicted an anatomical connection that slowly declines with age. Others mention a histological similarity and continuity via the paratenon, while a few papers have brought forward mechanical reasoning. (5) Conclusion: The concept of the calcaneus acting as a fulcrum in the lower limb can partially be supported by anatomical, histological, and biomechanical concepts. Despite the plethora of research, a comprehensive understanding is yet to be investigated. Further research exploring the precise interaction is necessary.
Measurement of Angular Distributions of Drell-Yan Dimuons in $p + p$ Interactions at 800 GeV/c
Creators: name: Zhu, L. Y.
name: Peng, J. C.
name: Reimer, P. E.
name: Awes, T. C.
name: Brooks, M. L.
name: Brown, C. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a measurement of the angular distributions of Drell-Yan dimuons produced using an 800 GeV/c proton beam on a hydrogen target. The polar and azimuthal angular distribution parameters have been extracted over the kinematic range $4.5 < m_{μμ} < 15$ GeV/c$^2$ (excluding the $Υ$ resonance region), $0 < p_T < 4 $ GeV/c, and $0 < x_F < 0.8$. The $p+p$ angular distributions are similar to those of $p+d$, and both data sets are compared with models which attribute the $\cos 2 ϕ$ distribution either to the presence of the transverse-momentum-dependent Boer-Mulders structure function $h_1^\perp$ or to QCD effects. The data indicate the presence of both mechanisms. The validity of the Lam-Tung relation in $p+p$ Drell-Yan is also tested.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Pew Research Center: American Trends Panel Wave 54
Creators: name: Pew Research Center
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2020

description: Life satisfaction (3); personal financial situation (24); financial situation of most Americans (2); financial situation of your family growing up (1); training to keep up with changes in the workplace (1); prioritizing affordable health care (1); prioritizing reducing illegal immigration (1); prioritizing reducing economic inequality (5); prioritizing addressing climate change (1); prioritizing dealing with terrorism (1); prioritizing reducing gun violence (1); US census (7); government responsibility to provide public services (8); economic situation of the country (11); economic inequality (21); financial situation affecting ability of children to succeed in life (2); addressing economic inequality (13); country's current economic conditions hurting various groups (11); power and influence of various groups in current economy (10); competitive youth sports (2); professional sports (1); political views of professional athletes (2); government assistance (3).
The geomorphology of the Broadmarsh-Elderslie area : with special reference to hillslope morphology
Creators: name: McLaren, RG
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: The morphology of the Broadmarsh-Elderslie area is very largely controlled by lithology and structure - variations in topography, st.re am pattern, and valley and channel morphology are shown to be closely related to bedrock changes. Hillslope morphology is examined in detail. Dolerite slopes decline by extending basal slopes with accumulated debris eroded from the summit sections. Differential protection by vegetation is held to be the main reason for the differences in form and rate of erosion on north - and southfacing slopes. Alluvial terraces can be correlated only within individual segments of the valley producing a 'ponded' effect. When casually observed in the field, the channel of the Jordan River is a picture of disorder. To the contrary, an analysis of width-depth ratios reveals no significant variations in channel form. Large valley meanders, extensive alluvial fans and aprons, and aeolian deposits provide evidence of marked variations in former climatic conditions.
On cardinal invariants and generators for von Neumann algebras
Creators: name: Sherman, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L10

description: We demonstrate how virtually all common cardinal invariants associated to a von Neumann algebra M can be computed from the decomposability number, dec(M), and the minimal cardinality of a generating set, gen(M). Applications include the equivalence of the well-known generator problem, "Is every separably-acting von Neumann algebra singly-generated?", with the formally stronger questions, "Is every countably-generated von Neumann algebra singly-generated?" and "Is the gen invariant monotone?" Modulo the generator problem, we determine the range of the invariant (gen(M), dec(M)), which is mostly governed by the inequality dec(M) leq c^{gen(M)}.
description: 22 pages; the main additions are Theorem 3.8 and Section 8
The APAC Score: A Novel and Highly Performant Serological Tool for Early Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis
Creators: name: Lambrecht, Joeri
name: Porsch-Özçürümez, Mustafa
name: Best, Jan
name: Jost-Brinkmann, Fabian
name: Roderburg, Christoph
name: Demir, Münevver
name: Tacke, Frank
name: Mohr, Raphael
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: liquid biopsy
subject: GALAD
subject: PDGFRβ
subject: liver cancer
subject: biomarker
subject: cirrhosis
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: (1) Background: Surveillance of at-risk patients for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is highly necessary, as curative treatment options are only feasible in early disease stages. However, to date, screening of patients with liver cirrhosis for HCC mostly relies on suboptimal ultrasound-mediated evaluation and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) measurement. Therefore, we sought to develop a novel and blood-based scoring tool for the identification of early-stage HCC. (2) Methods: Serum samples from 267 patients with liver cirrhosis, including 122 patients with HCC and 145 without, were collected. Expression levels of soluble platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (sPDGFRβ) and routine clinical parameters were evaluated, and then utilized in logistic regression analysis. (3) Results: We developed a novel serological scoring tool, the APAC score, consisting of the parameters age, sPDGFRβ, AFP, and creatinine, which identified patients with HCC in a cirrhotic population with an AUC of 0.9503, which was significantly better than the GALAD score (AUC: 0.9000, p = 0.0031). Moreover, the diagnostic accuracy of the APAC score was independent of disease etiology, including alcohol (AUC: 0.9317), viral infection (AUC: 0.9561), and NAFLD (AUC: 0.9545). For the detection of patients with (very) early (BCLC 0/A) HCC stage or within Milan criteria, the APAC score achieved an AUC of 0.9317 (sensitivity: 85.2%, specificity: 89.2%) and 0.9488 (sensitivity: 91.1%, specificity 85.3%), respectively. (4) Conclusions: The APAC score is a novel and highly accurate serological tool for the identification of HCC, especially for early stages. It is superior to the currently proposed blood-based algorithms, and has the potential to improve surveillance of the at-risk population.
QISHLOQ XO'JALIGINI MODERNIZATSIYALASHDA INVESTITSIYALARNING O'RNI VA AHAMIYATI
Creators: name: Mansurov Shahzod Alqar o'g'li O'zMU Jizzax filiali "Psixologiya" fakulteti "Iqtisodiyot va turizm" kafedrasi  Assistant o'qituvchisi
name: Mansurov Shahzod Alqar o'g'li O'zMU Jizzax filiali "Psixologiya" fakulteti "Iqtisodiyot va turizm" kafedrasi  Assistant o'qituvchisi
name: Axmedov Najmiddin Ne`matjon o'gʻli,  Abduraimov Nursulton Abduraim o'gʻli O'zMU Jizzax filiali "Psixologiya" fakulteti "Iqtisodiyot va turizm" kafedrasi Iqtisodiyot yo'nalishi 4-kurs talabasi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: O‘zbekiston Respublikаsidа qishloq xo‘jаligini modernizаtsiyаlаsh vа modernizаtsiyаlаshgа jаlb etilgаn investitsiyаlаrning nаzаriy holаti o‘rgаnildi. Qishloq xo‘jаligini modernizаtsiyаlаshdа lizing tаshkilotlаri texnikаlаri vа bаnklаri ko‘rinishidаgi investitsiyаlаrning zаrurligi аsoslаndi. Qishloq xo‘jаligini modernizаtsiyаlаsh uchun investitsiyаlаrni olib kelishdа chet el tаjribаlаrigа bo‘lgаn extiyoj аsoslаndi; qishloq xo‘jаligini modernizаtsiyаlаshgа investitsiyаlаrni jаlb etish istiqbollаri o‘rgаnildi.

Kalit so‘zlar: qishloq xo‘jaligi, dehqonchilik, intensiv bogʻlar, modernizatsiyalash, qishloq xo‘jaligi texnikalari, sugʻorish komplekslari, melioratsiya, qimmatli qog`ozlar, investitsiya, bank kreditlari, lizing kompaniyalari, investitsiyalar holati.
Ether functionalisation, ion conformation and the optimisation of macroscopic properties in ionic liquids
Creators: name: Philippi, Frederik
name: Rauber, Daniel
name: Kuttich, Björn
name: Kraus, Tobias
name: Kay, Christopher W.M.
name: Hempelmann, Rolf
name: Hunt, Patricia A.
name: Welton, Tom
Publisher: name: Cambridge : RSC Publ.
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ionic liquids
subject: intrinsic ionic conductivity
subject: structure–property relationships
subject: 540

description: Ionic liquids are an attractive material class due to their wide liquid range, intrinsic ionic conductivity, and high chemical as well as electrochemical stability. However, the widespread use of ionic liquids is hindered by significantly higher viscosities compared to conventional molecular solvents. In this work, we show how the transport properties of ionic liquids can be altered significantly, even for isostructural ions that have the same backbone. To this end, structure–property relationships have been determined for a set of 16 systematically varied representative ionic liquids. Variations in molecular structure include ammonium vs. phosphonium, ether vs. alkyl side chains, and rigid vs. flexible anions. Ab initio calculations are used to relate molecular structures to the thermal, structural and transport properties of the ionic liquids. We find that the differences in properties of ether and alkyl functionalised ionic liquids are primarily dependent on minimum energy geometries, with the conformational flexibility of ether side chains appearing to be of secondary importance. We also show unprecedented correlations between anion conformational flexibility and transport properties. Critically, increasing fluidity upon consecutive introduction of ether side chains and phosphonium centres into the cation is found to be dependent on whether the anion is flexible or rigid. We demonstrate that targeted design of functional groups based on structure–property relationships can yield ionic liquids of exceptionally high fluidity.
White Matter Lesions as Possible Predictors of Audiological Performance in Adults after Cochlear Implantation
Creators: name: Knopke, Steffen
name: Bauknecht, Hans-Christian
name: Gräbel, Stefan
name: Häußler, Sophia Marie
name: Szczepek, Agnieszka J.
name: Olze, Heidi
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: cochlear implantation
subject: white matter lesions
subject: Fazekas score
subject: structural brain damage
subject: predictive value
subject: hearing ability
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: The presented prospective study investigated whether structural brain damage, measured with the Fazekas score, could predict hearing rehabilitation outcomes with cochlear implantation (CI). With a follow-up period of 24 months, this study included 49 bilaterally, postlingually hearing impaired CI candidates for unilateral CI (67.3 ± 8.7 years; 20 men, 29 women) older than 50 at the time of implantation. The differences in the predictive value between two age groups, 50-70 year-olds (mid-age; n = 26) and over 70-year-olds (elderly; n = 23), were analyzed. The patients were evaluated using speech perception (SP) measured in quiet (Freiburg monosyllabic test; FMT) and noise (Oldenburg sentence test; OLSA). The subjective hearing ability was assessed using Oldenburg inventory (OI). The Fazekas PVWM score predicted postoperative speech perception two years after CI in the mid-age population. The periventricular white matter lesions (PVWM) could explain 27.4% of the speech perception (FMT) variance. Our findings support the hypothesis about the influence of pre-existing WMLs on CI outcome. We recommend the evaluation of Fazekas score as a predictive factor for post-implantation hearing ability.
OptoPi: An open source flexible platform for the analysis of small animal behaviour
Creators: name: Cano-Ferrer, Xavier
name: Roberts, Ruairí JV
name: French, Alice S
name: de Folter, Joost
name: Gong, Hui
name: Nightingale, Luke
name: Strange, Amy
name: Imbert, Albane
name: Prieto-Godino, Lucia L
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: Neurosciences
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
classificationCode: Imaging
subject: Imaging
classificationCode: Genetics & Genomics
subject: Genetics & Genomics
classificationCode: Developmental Biology
subject: Developmental Biology
classificationCode: Microfabrication & Bioengineering
subject: Microfabrication & Bioengineering
classificationCode: Ecology,Evolution & Ethology
subject: Ecology,Evolution & Ethology
classificationCode: Computational & Systems Biology
subject: Computational & Systems Biology

description: Behaviour is the ultimate output of neural circuit computations, and therefore its analysis is a cornerstone of neuroscience research. However, every animal and experimental paradigm requires different illumination conditions to capture and, in some cases, manipulate specific behavioural features. This means that researchers often develop, from scratch, their own solutions and experimental set-ups. Here, we present OptoPi, an open source, affordable (∼ £600), behavioural arena with accompanying multi-animal tracking software. The system features highly customisable and reproducible visible and infrared illumination and allows for optogenetic stimulation. OptoPi acquires images using a Raspberry Pi camera, features motorised LED-based illumination, Arduino control, as well as irradiance monitoring to fine-tune illumination conditions with real time feedback. Our open-source software (BioImageProcessing) can be used to simultaneously track multiple unmarked animals both in on-line and off-line modes. We demonstrate the functionality of OptoPi by recording and tracking under different illumination conditions the spontaneous behaviour of larval zebrafish as well as adult Drosophila flies and their first instar larvae, an experimental animal that due to its small size and transparency has classically been hard to track. Further, we showcase OptoPi’s optogenetic capabilities through a series of experiments using transgenic Drosophila larvae.
Non-local fluctuation correlations in active gels
Creators: name: Head, D. A.
name: Mizuno, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many active materials and biological systems are driven far from equilibrium by embedded agents that spontaneously generate forces and distort the surrounding material. Probing and characterizing these athermal fluctuations is essential for understanding the properties and behaviors of such systems. Here we present a mathematical procedure to estimate the local action of force-generating agents from the observed fluctuating displacement fields. The active agents are modeled as oriented force dipoles or isotropic compression foci, and the matrix on which they act is assumed to be either a compressible elastic continuum or a coupled network-solvent system. Correlations at a single point and between points separated by an arbitrary distance are obtained, giving a total of three independent fluctuation modes that can be tested with microrheology experiments. Since oriented dipoles and isotropic compression foci give different contributions to these fluctuation modes, ratiometric analysis allows us characterize the force generators. We also predict and experimentally find a high-frequency ballistic regime, arising from individual force generating events in the form of the slow build-up of stress followed by rapid but finite decay. Finally, we provide a quantitative statistical model to estimate the mean filament tension from these athermal fluctuations, which leads to stiffening of active networks.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures; some clarifications and ammended figure notation.
Selenium-Binding Protein 1 (SELENBP1) as Biomarker for Adverse Clinical Outcome After Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury
Creators: name: Seelig, Julian
name: Heller, Raban Arved
name: Haubruck, Patrick
name: Sun, Qian
name: Klingenberg, Georg Jochen
name: Hackler, Julian
name: Crowell, Helena Lucia
name: Daniel, Volker
name: Moghaddam, Arash
name: Schomburg, Lutz
name: Biglari, Bahram
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: diagnostic biomarker
subject: in vitro diagnostic test
subject: trace element
subject: neuroregeneration
subject: neurotrauma
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Introduction: Traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) presents a diagnostic challenge as it may have dramatic consequences for the affected patient. Additional biomarkers are needed for improved care and personalized therapy. Objective: Serum selenium binding protein 1 (SELENBP1) has been detected in myocardial infarction, reflecting hypoxic tissue damage and recovery odds. As SELENBP1 is usually not detected in the serum of healthy subjects, we tested the hypothesis that it may become detectable in TSCI and indicate tissue damage and regeneration odds. Methods: In this prospective observational study, patients with comparable injuries were allocated to three groups; vertebral body fractures without neurological impairment (control "C"), TSCI without remission ("G0"), and TSCI with signs of remission ("G1"). Consecutive serum samples were available from different time points and analyzed for SELENBP1 by sandwich immunoassay, for trace elements by X-ray fluorescence and for cytokines by multiplex immunoassays. Results: Serum SELENBP1 was elevated at admission in relation to the degree of neurological impairment [graded as A, B, C, or D according to the American Spinal Injury Association (AISA) impairment scale (AIS)]. Patients with the most severe neurological impairment (classified as AIS A) exhibited the highest SELENBP1 concentrations (p = 0.011). During the first 3 days, SELENBP1 levels differed between G0 and G1 (p = 0.019), and dynamics of SELENBP1 correlated to monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, chemokine ligand 3 and zinc concentrations. Conclusion: Circulating SELENBP1 concentrations are related to the degree of neurological impairment in TSCI and provide remission odds information. The tight correlation of SELENBP1 with CCL2 levels provides a novel link between Se metabolism and immune cell activation, with potential relevance for neurological damage and regeneration processes, respectively.
Structure and properties of the films based on ternary transition metal borides: theory and experiment
Creators: name: Onoprienko, A. A.
name: Ivashchenko, V. I.
name: Shevchenko, V. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The review presents the results of theoretical and experimental studies of the structure, bonding between atoms, mechanical properties, thermal stability, and oxidation and corrosion resistance of films based on ternary transition metal borides.
description: 20 pages, 22 figures
Generation of valley polarized current in bilayer graphene
Creators: name: Abergel, D. S. L.
name: Chakraborty, Tapash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a device for the generation of valley polarized electronic current in bilayer graphene. By analyzing the response of this material to intense terahertz frequency light in the presence of a transverse electric field, we demonstrate that dynamical states are induced in the gapped energy region, and if the system parameters are properly tuned, these states exist only in one valley. The valley polarized states can then be used to filter an arbitrary electron current, so generating a valley polarized current.
description: 4 pages, 3 colour figures. Published version. Journal reference is Applied Physics Letters 95, 062107 (2009)
VIVO - eine Einführung
Creators: name: Hauschke, Christian
name: Walther, Tatiana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: vivo
subject: forschungsinformationssysteme
subject: 020

description: Folien zum Webinar "VIVO - eine Einführung" am 25. April 2017, in dem unter anderem die VIVO-Instanz der Technischen Informationsbibliothek (TIB) vorgestellt wird.
Spectral CT Hybrid Images in the Diagnostic Evaluation of Hypervascular Abdominal Tumors—Potential Advantages in Clinical Routine
Creators: name: Auer, Timo Alexander
name: Feldhaus, Felix Wilhelm
name: Büttner, Laura
name: Jonczyk, Martin
name: Fehrenbach, Uli
name: Geisel, Dominik
name: Böning, Georg
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: hybrid imaging
subject: spectral CT (SCT)
subject: gemstone spectral imaging (GSI)
subject: neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs)
subject: hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)
subject: renal cell carcinoma (RCC)
subject: efficiency
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: This study aimed to investigate the use of spectral computed tomography (SCT) hybrid images combining virtual monoenergetic images (VMIs) and iodine maps (IMs) as a potentially efficient search series for routine clinical imaging in patients with hypervascular abdominal tumors. Methods: A total of 69 patients with hypervascular abdominal tumors including neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs, n = 48), renal cell carcinoma (RCC, n = 10), and primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, n = 11) were analyzed retrospectively. Two radiological readers (blinded to clinical data) read three CT image sets (1st a reference set with 70 keV; 2nd a 50:50 hybrid 140 keV/40 keV set; 3rd a 50:50 hybrid 140 keV/IM set). They assessed images subjectively by rating several parameters including image contrast, visibility of suspicious lesions, and diagnostic confidence on five-point Likert scales. In addition, reading time was estimated. Results: Median subjective Likert scores were highest for the 1st set, except for image contrast, for which the 2nd set was rated highest. Scores for diagnostic confidence, artifacts, noise, and visibility of suspicious lesions or small structures were significantly higher for the 1st set than for the 2nd or 3rd set (p < 0.001). Regarding image contrast, the 2nd set was rated significantly higher than the 3rd set (p < 0.001), while the median did not differ significantly compared with the 1st set. Agreement between the two readers was high for all sets. Estimated potential reading time was the same for hybrid and reference sets. Conclusions: Hybrid images have the potential to efficiently exploit the additional information provided by SCT in patients with hypervascular abdominal tumors. However, the use of rigid weighting did not significantly improve diagnostic performance in this study.
LLHR: Low Latency and High Reliability CNN Distributed Inference for Resource-Constrained UAV Swarms
Creators: name: Dhuheir, Marwan
name: Erbad, Aiman
name: Sabeeh, Sinan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have shown impressive performance in many critical applications, such as surveillance, search and rescue operations, environmental monitoring, etc. In many of these applications, the UAVs capture images as well as other sensory data and then send the data processing requests to remote servers. Nevertheless, this approach is not always practical in real-time-based applications due to unstable connections, limited bandwidth, limited energy, and strict end-to-end latency. One promising solution is to divide the inference requests into subtasks that can be distributed among UAVs in a swarm based on the available resources. Moreover, these tasks create intermediate results that need to be transmitted reliably as the swarm moves to cover the area. Our system model deals with real-time requests, aiming to find the optimal transmission power that guarantees higher reliability and low latency. We formulate the Low Latency and High-Reliability (LLHR) distributed inference as an optimization problem, and due to the complexity of the problem, we divide it into three subproblems. In the first subproblem, we find the optimal transmit power of the connected UAVs with guaranteed transmission reliability. The second subproblem aims to find the optimal positions of the UAVs in the grid, while the last subproblem finds the optimal placement of the CNN layers in the available UAVs. We conduct extensive simulations and compare our work to two baseline models demonstrating that our model outperforms the competing models.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2212.11201
Soft-Collinear Effective Theory: Recent Results and Applications
Creators: name: Feldmann, Thorsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Soft-collinear effective theory (SCET) has become a standard tool to study the factorization of short- and long-distance effects in processes involving low-energetic (soft) particles and high-energetic/low-virtuality (collinear) modes. In this contribution I give a brief overview on recent results for inclusive and exclusive B decays and on applications in collider physics.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, contributed to "Quark Confinement and the Hadron Spectrum", Sep 2008, Mainz (Germany)
The geography of energy consumption of the Canadian metals processing industry
Creators: name: Caisley, George Anthony
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This study was initiated (a) to determine the types and quantities of energy consumed by the Canadian metal processing industry on a plant basis, (b) to examine the manner and extent to which the energy consumed varies spatially across Canada and (c) to determine the extent to which the industry contributes to the nation's total energy consumption as well as to its consumption of each energy source. The energy consumption mixes of individual plants were determined either empirically or by estimation from data obtained by a questionnaire and from the technical literature for the comminution, smelting, and refining stages of the lead, zinc, nickel, copper, aluminum, and primary iron and steel industries. The spatial variation of the consumption mixes for each metallurgical process was then delimited and illustrated cartographically. The specific and non-specific energy needs of each industry are identified in terms of the processes used at each production stage. It was found that the types and quantities of energy utilized by each plant depends upon the process’ specific energy needs and the availability of other energy forms. The metal processing industry was found to consume a significant proportion (8.2%) of Canada's energy consumption in 1965. In terms of individual sources of energy the industry consumed 23.4% of the national total consumption of electricity, 14.6% of coal and less than 3% of petroleum and natural gas.
Femtosecond x-ray absorption spectroscopy of spin and orbital angular momentum in photoexcited Ni films during ultrafast demagnetization
Creators: name: Stamm, C.
name: Pontius, N.
name: Kachel, T.
name: Wietstruk, M.
name: Dürr, H. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We follow for the first time the evolution of the spin and orbital angular momentum of a thin Ni film during ultrafast demagnetization, by means of x-ray magnetic circular dichroism. Both components decrease with a 130 +/- 40 fs time constant upon excitation with a femtosecond laser pulse. Additional x-ray absorption measurements reveal an increase in the spin-orbit interaction by 6 +/- 2 % during this process. This is the experimental demonstration quantifying the importance of spin-orbit mediated processes during the demagnetization.
Beam-Shape Effects in Nonlinear Compton and Thomson Scattering
Creators: name: Heinzl, T.
name: Seipt, D.
name: Kampfer, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss intensity effects in collisions between beams of optical photons from a high-power laser and relativistic electrons. Our main focus are the modifications of the emission spectra due to realistic finite-beam geometries. By carefully analyzing the classical limit we precisely quantify the distinction between strong-field QED Compton scattering and classical Thomson scattering. A purely classical, but fully covariant, calculation of the bremsstrahlung emitted by an electron in a plane wave laser field yields radiation into harmonics, as expected. This result is generalized to pulses of finite duration and explains the appearance of line broadening and harmonic substructure as an interference phenomenon. The ensuing numerical treatment confirms that strong focussing of the laser leads to a broad continuum while higher harmonics become visible only at moderate focussing, hence lower intensity. We present a scaling law for the backscattered photon spectral density which facilitates averaging over electron beam phase space. Finally, we propose a set of realistic parameters such that the observation of intensity induced spectral red-shift, higher harmonics, and their substructure, becomes feasible.
description: 38 pages, 11 figures
Soil Physico-Chemical Properties Change Across an Urbanity Gradient in Berlin
Creators: name: Whitehead, James
name: Hempel, Stefan
name: Hiller, Anne
name: Lippe, Moritz Von Der
name: Rillig, Matthias C.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: urban soil
subject: soil aggregates
subject: infiltration
subject: hydrophobicity
subject: particle size
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::577 Ökologie

description: In this study the impacts of urbanity on physical soil properties were explored by measuring water stable aggregates, combined particle size, infiltration rate and hydrophobicity across an urban gradient. The use of a gradient allowed for the relative importance of different environmental drivers to be assessed. We sampled 54 sites across Berlin and used a pre-existing database of environmental variables to extract three main axes of variation relating to urbanity, soil nutrient content, and heavy metal content. These axes, along with site age, were used to explore the drivers of changes in physical properties across an urban landscape. The percentage of water stable aggregates was found to decrease with urbanity, whilst infiltration rate was found to increase. Hydrophobicity did not appear to be influenced by urbanity but interacted with both infiltration rate and water stable aggregates. Combined particle sizes in the soil were found to increase with urbanity. Our findings provide evidence for urbanity being an important driver of variation in physico-chemical soil properties, which has implications for the provision of ecosystem services by these soils.
Photophysical characterizations of 2-(4-Biphenylyl)-5 phenyl-1,3,4- oxadiazole in restricted geometry
Creators: name: Paul, P. K.
name: Hussain, S. A.
name: Bhattacharjee, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Langmuir and Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films of nonamphiphilic 2-(4-Biphenylyl)-5 phenyl-1,3,4- oxadiazole (abbreviated as PBD) mixed with stearic acid (SA) as well as also with the inert polymer matrix poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) have been studied. Surface pressure versus area per molecule (-A) isotherms studies suggest that PBD molecules very likely stand vertically on the air-water interface and this arrangement allows the PBD molecules to form stacks and remain sandwiched between SA/PMMA molecules. At lower surface pressure phase separation between PBD and matrix molecules occur resulting due to repulsive interaction. However at higher surface pressure PBD molecules form aggregates. The UV-Vis absorption and Steady state fluorescence spectroscopic studies of the mixed LB films of PBD reveal the nature of the aggregates. H-type aggregates predominates in the mixed LB films whereas I-type aggregates predominates in the PBD-PMMA spin coated films. The degree of deformation produced in the electronic levels are largely affected by the film thickness and the surface pressure of lifting.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures
On the swelling properties of pom-pom polymers: impact of backbone length
Creators: name: Haydukivska, K.
name: Blavatska, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present work continues our previous studies of pom-pom molecule [K. Haydukivska, O. Kalyuzhnyi, V. Blavatska, and J. Ilnytskyi, J. Mol. Liq. 328, 115456 (2021); Condens. Matter Phys. 25, 23302 (2022)]. The molecule consists of a linear backbone with two branching points at both ends, with functionalities $f_1$ and $f_2$. Here, the main attention is concentrated on studying the impact of the central backbone length on the configurational characteristics of complex molecule, such as size and shape ratios. We apply both a direct polymer renormalization scheme based on continuous chain model and the alternative Wei's method to analyze a set of size and shape properties of pom-pom polymers in dilute solution. The size ratio of a pom-pom and a chain polymer of the same total molecular mass is calculated with an excluded volume interaction taken into account, and estimates for asphericity are found in Gaussian approximation, whereas for the size ratio we found a monotonous dependence of the length of backbone at different functionalities of side arms. Results for asphericity show a non-trivial behaviour.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures
Additional file 1 of Acute cardiovascular events in patients with community acquired pneumonia: results from the observational prospective FADOI-ICECAP study
Creators: name: Pieralli, Filippo
name: Vannucchi, Vieri
name: Nozzoli, Carlo
name: Augello, Giuseppe
name: Dentali, Francesco
name: Marzi, Giulia De
name: Uomo, Generoso
name: Risaliti, Filippo
name: Morbidoni, Laura
name: Mazzone, Antonino
name: Santini, Claudio
name: Tirotta, Daniela
name: Corradi, Francesco
name: Gerloni, Riccardo
name: Gnerre, Paola
name: Gussoni, Gualberto
name: Valerio, Antonella
name: Campanini, Mauro
name: Manfellotto, Dario
name: Fontanella, Andrea
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.
Cultural Education: Panacea or Amplifier of Existing Inequalities in Political Engagement?
Creators: name: Fobel, Lea
name: Kolleck, Nina
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: cultural education
subject: equal opportunities
subject: mediation analysis
subject: political engagement
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::370 Bildung und Erziehung::370 Bildung und Erziehung

description: Cultural education has recently been particularly emphasized as key for the promotion of equal opportunities, social cohesion and political engagement. While the relationship between political engagement and formal education has been extensively discussed, little research has been conducted on non‐formal types of education, such as non‐formal cultural education (NCE) in particular. However, the share of NCE programmes is becoming increasingly important as more and more formal institutions are reducing their cultural education programmes. This article examines, firstly, whether NCE actually promotes political engagement and, secondly, who effectively participates in NCE programmes. Using data from the eighth wave (2016–2017) of the German National Educational Panel Study, we implement a mediation analysis within ordered logistic regression models to disentangle the mechanisms at play. Our results indicate that NCE exerts a small but significant effect on political engagement directly and indirectly via political discussions and political interest. However, participation in NCE is strongly influenced by social strata. The advantages of NCE are therefore not evenly distributed across the German population.
Poisson-Nernst-Planck Systems for Narrow Tubular-like Membrane Channels
Creators: name: Liu, Weishi
name: Wang, Bixiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37L55. 35B40

description: We study global dynamics of the Poisson-Nernst-Planck (PNP) system for flows of two types of ions through a narrow tubular-like membrane channel. As the radius of the cross-section of the three-dimensional tubular-like membrane channel approaches zero, a one-dimensional limiting PNP system is derived. This one-dimensional limiting system differs from previous studied one-dimensional PNP systems in that it encodes the defining geometry of the three-dimensional membrane channel. To justify this limiting process, we show that the global attractors of the three-dimensional PNP systems are upper semi-continuous to that of the limiting PNP system. We then examine the dynamics of the one-dimensional limiting PNP system. For large Debye number, the steady-state of the one-dimensional limiting PNP system is completed analyzed using the geometric singular perturbation theory. For a special case, an entropy-type Lyapunov functional is constructed to show the global, asymptotic stability of the steady-state.
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF SOCIAL SUPPORT SCALE
Creators: name: Dr. ZAKIA BANO
name: Maryam Awan
name: Dr. MUEEN ABID
name: MARYAM RIAZ
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Social Support, Development, Exploratory Factor Analysis, Confirmatory Factor Analysis, Reliability.

description: Abstract

Objective: The current study designates for the development of indigenous scale for social support in Urdu language and established psychometric properties of new develop scale. Study Design: Place and duration of study: Department of Psychology, University of Gujrat, from March 2020 to September 2020. Methodology: Item pool was generating by the help of experts, prior work and from individual’s experience etc. 170 items were confirmed as the primary item pool. In the expert meeting response options were also settled. 4-point Likert scale was confirmed and range was 1 to 4. Later the assessment of professionals 7 items was eliminated and 6 were improved. For the pilot study 157 items were left behind. Sample of 450 (n=450) adult participants were selected from different areas of Pakistan including Kharian, Gujrat, Islamabad, Karachi and Lahore for administration of scale. For the selection of adult participants simple random sampling technique was used.  For data scrutiny the EFA (exploratory factor analysis), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and reliability analysis were implied. Results: The significance of the model is displayed as value of p<.001. After the procedure and established of reliability and significance of items the 16 items were remaining for final scale. Conclusion: A scale to measure social support among people in Urdu language is completely established which have 16 items.
Nonspherical Nanoparticle Shape Stability Is Affected by Complex Manufacturing Aspects: Its Implications for Drug Delivery and Targeting
Creators: name: Haryadi, Bernard Manuel
name: Hafner, Daniel
name: Amin, Ihsan
name: Schubel, Rene
name: Jordan, Rainer
name: Winter, Gerhard
name: Engert, Julia
Publisher: name: Weinheim : Wiley-VCH
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: drug delivery and targeting
subject: geometries
subject: morph transformation
subject: nonspherical particles
subject: particle shape stability
subject: 540
subject: 610

description: The shape of nanoparticles is known recently as an important design parameter influencing considerably the fate of nanoparticles with and in biological systems. Several manufacturing techniques to generate nonspherical nanoparticles as well as studies on in vitro and in vivo effects thereof have been described. However, nonspherical nanoparticle shape stability in physiological-related conditions and the impact of formulation parameters on nonspherical nanoparticle resistance still need to be investigated. To address these issues, different nanoparticle fabrication methods using biodegradable polymers are explored to produce nonspherical nanoparticles via the prevailing film-stretching method. In addition, systematic comparisons to other nanoparticle systems prepared by different manufacturing techniques and less biodegradable materials (but still commonly utilized for drug delivery and targeting) are conducted. The study evinces that the strong interplay from multiple nanoparticle properties (i.e., internal structure, Young's modulus, surface roughness, liquefaction temperature [glass transition (Tg) or melting (Tm)], porosity, and surface hydrophobicity) is present. It is not possible to predict the nonsphericity longevity by merely one or two factor(s). The most influential features in preserving the nonsphericity of nanoparticles are existence of internal structure and low surface hydrophobicity (i.e., surface-free energy (SFE) > ≈55 mN m−1, material–water interfacial tension <6 mN m−1), especially if the nanoparticles are soft (<1 GPa), rough (Rrms > 10 nm), porous (>1 m2 g−1), and in possession of low bulk liquefaction temperature (<100 °C). Interestingly, low surface hydrophobicity of nanoparticles can be obtained indirectly by the significant presence of residual stabilizers. Therefore, it is strongly suggested that nonsphericity of particle systems is highly dependent on surface chemistry but cannot be appraised separately from other factors. These results and reviews allot valuable guidelines for the design and manufacturing of nonspherical nanoparticles having adequate shape stability, thereby appropriate with their usage purposes. Furthermore, they can assist in understanding and explaining the possible mechanisms of nonspherical nanoparticles effectivity loss and distinctive material behavior at the nanoscale. © 2019 The Authors. Published by WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
Growing up in a new world: trait divergence between rural, urban, and invasive populations of an amphibian urban invader
Creators: name: Mühlenhaupt, Max
name: Baxter-Gilbert, James
name: Makhubo, Buyisile G.
name: Riley, Julia L.
name: Measey, John
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: AIAI hypothesis
subject: development
subject: growth rate
subject: invasion biology
subject: morphology
subject: performance
subject: tadpole
subject: urban evolution
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Cities are focal points of introduction for invasive species. Urban evolution might facilitate the success of invasive species in recipient urban habitats. Here we test this hypothesis by rearing tadpoles of a successful amphibian urban coloniser and invader in a common garden environment. We compared growth rate, morphological traits, swimming performance, and developmental rate of guttural toad tadpoles (Sclerophrys gutturalis) from native rural, native urban, and non-native urban habitats. By measuring these traits across ontogeny, we were also able to compare divergence across different origins as the tadpoles develop. The tadpoles of non-native urban origin showed significantly slower developmental rate (e.g., the proportion of tadpoles reaching Gosner stage 31 or higher was lower at age 40 days) than tadpoles of native urban origin. Yet, tadpoles did not differ in growth rate or any morphological or performance trait examined, and none of these traits showed divergent ontogenetic changes between tadpoles of different origin. These findings suggest that prior adaptation to urban habitats in larval traits likely does not play an important role in facilitating the invasion success of guttural toads into other urban habitats. Instead, we suggest that evolutionary changes in larval traits after colonization (e.g., developmental rate), together with decoupling of other traits and phenotypic plasticity might explain how this species succeeded in colonising extra-limital urban habitats.