cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The bottomonium melting from screening correlators at high temperature
Creators: name: Petreczky, Peter
name: Sharma, Sayantan
name: Weber, Johannes Heinrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the bottomonium screening masses in a 2+1 flavor QCD medium on the lattice using the Highly Improved Staggered Quark(HISQ) discretization for the quarks. We focus on a wide temperature range in the region $350~{\rm MeV}\le T < 1000 ~{\rm MeV}$, and perform our calculations on three different lattice spacings to control the lattice cut-off effects, corresponding to temporal lattice extent of $N_τ=8,10,12$. From a detailed study of the temperature dependence of screening masses we conclude that while the $η_b(1S)$ and $Υ(1S)$ states melt at $T>500$ MeV, the scalar and axial-vector states $χ_{b0}(1P)$ and $h_b(1P)$ melt already at $T>350$ MeV.
description: 6 pages, RevTEX, 3 figures, matches the published version
Natali Stegmann (Hrsg.), Die Weltkriege als symbolische Bezugspunkte. Polen, die Tschechoslowakei und Deutschland nach dem Ersten und Zweiten Weltkrieg
Creators: name: Henschel, Christhardt
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2012

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 61 Nr. 1 (2012)
Dynamics with Infinitely Many Derivatives: The Initial Value Problem
Creators: name: Barnaby, Neil
name: Kamran, Niky
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Differential equations of infinite order are an increasingly important class of equations in theoretical physics. Such equations are ubiquitous in string field theory and have recently attracted considerable interest also from cosmologists. Though these equations have been studied in the classical mathematical literature, it appears that the physics community is largely unaware of the relevant formalism. Of particular importance is the fate of the initial value problem. Under what circumstances do infinite order differential equations possess a well-defined initial value problem and how many initial data are required? In this paper we study the initial value problem for infinite order differential equations in the mathematical framework of the formal operator calculus, with analytic initial data. This formalism allows us to handle simultaneously a wide array of different nonlocal equations within a single framework and also admits a transparent physical interpretation. We show that differential equations of infinite order do not generically admit infinitely many initial data. Rather, each pole of the propagator contributes two initial data to the final solution. Though it is possible to find differential equations of infinite order which admit well-defined initial value problem with only two initial data, neither the dynamical equations of p-adic string theory nor string field theory seem to belong to this class. However, both theories can be rendered ghost-free by suitable definition of the action of the formal pseudo-differential operator. This prescription restricts the theory to frequencies within some contour in the complex plane and hence may be thought of as a sort of ultra-violet cut-off.
description: 40 pages, no figures. Added comments concerning fractional operators and the implications of restricting the contour of integration. Typos corrected
Markus Koller, Eine Gesellschaft im Wandel. Die osmanische Herrschaft in Ungarn im 17. Jahrhundert (1606-1683)
Creators: name: Srodecki, Paul
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2013

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 62 Nr. 4 (2013)
Mandela in/and Poetry
Creators: name: Guarducci, Maria Paola
Publisher: name: Università degli  Studi di Milano
Year: 2014
Subjects: South African poetry; Nelson Mandela; Robben Island; Dennis Brutus; prison writing; apartheid

description: In 1994, in his first speech to the parliament of South Africa, Nelson Mandela quoted the Afrikaner poet Ingrid Jonker and read The child who was shot dead by soldiers at Nyanga. This unorthodox choice was in fact politically fine-tuned and had an emotional impact both on the new-born Rainbow Nation and on Mandela’s stature as a 20th century-icon. A passionate reader of poetry, Mandela is one of the contemporary figures to whom the highest number of lines has ever been dedicated. Poets have celebrated him in in the forms of elegy, song, ballad, epistle, epic, ode, tribute, sonnet, rap, dub poetry, haiku and so forth. Poets started fashioning his public persona as early as the mid-Sixties when, banned and sentenced to life imprisonment, he became the world’s most famous invisible prisoner. Transformed into metaphors, blended with virtues, identified with private and collective historical events, associated with specific spaces, Mandela is above all identified with the prison where he spent eighteen years: Robben Island. In poetry, the osmotic intercourse between Mandela and Robben Island is a persistent topic with a strong symbolic function as the island catalyses issues which makes it a synecdoche of South Africa itself: a segregated place where brutality and injustice ruled but also a laboratory where resistance and hope developed. This article will examine a series of poems on Mandela and Robben Island starting from Dennis Brutus’ compositions on the subject, the first of which dates from 1963, up to post-apartheid lyrics.
description: Altre Modernità, No 12 (2014): MANDELA
Additional file 12 of Development of dendrite polarity in Drosophila neurons
Creators: name: Kargbo-Hill, Sarah E
name: Parmar, Manpreet
name: Gheres, Kyle W
name: Guignet, Michelle A
name: Huang, Yanmei
name: Jackson, F Rob
name: Rolls, Melissa M
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Space Science
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Neuroscience
Developmental Biology
Mental Health

description: Authors’ original file for figure 4
Effect of recirculation zones on the ventilation of a public washroom
Creators: name: Sinha, Krishnendu
name: Verma, Utkarsh
name: Murallidharan, Janani Srree
name: Kumar, Vivek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Air-borne transmission can pose a major risk of infection spread in enclosed spaces. Venting the air out using exhaust fans and ducts is a common approach to mitigate the risk. In this work, we study the air flow set up by an exhaust fan in a typical shared washroom that can be a potential hot spot for COVID-19 transmission. The primary focus is on the regions of recirculating flow that can harbor infectious aerosol for much longer than the well-ventilated parts of the room. Computational fluid dynamics is used to obtain the steady state air flow field, and Lagrangian tracking of particles give the spatial and temporal distribution of infectious aerosol in the domain. It is found that the washbasin located next to the door is in a prominent recirculation zone, and particles injected in this region take much longer to be evacuated. The ventilation rate is found to be governed by the air residence time in the recirculation zone, and it is much higher than the time scale based on fully-mixed reactor model of the room. Increasing the fan flow rate can reduce the ventilation time, but cannot eliminate the recirculation zones in the washroom.
Nelson Mandela’s ‘Ordinary Love’ Addressed in Pop-rock Music: a Long Song of Freedom
Creators: name: Martini, Simona
Publisher: name: Università degli  Studi di Milano
Year: 2014
Subjects: Mandela; Popular music studies; South Africa; Song analysis; Cultural Studies; pop-rock songs

description: This paper aims to highlight how inspirational the figure of Nelson Mandela has been for several musicians and songwriters. In particular, it focuses on songs written by Western musicians from the early Eighties until 2013 – all showing the extent to which the South African leader has epitomized the struggle for equality and freedom. This study points out how the success of a hit single in 1984 – British ska group The Special AKA’s “Free Nelson Mandela” – paved the way for a quick increase in the number of musicians who got involved in the anti-apartheid movement and contributed to make Western audiences know about Mandela and increasingly demand that apartheid be put to an end. This survey seeks to examine the main achievements in pop-rock songs that generated both from the growing awareness about the South African leader’s experience when he was imprisoned, and the legacy of his exemplum after he was set free. Among the songs cited: Simple Minds’ “Mandela Day”, the various artists’ tribute “46664” and the most recent Golden Globe-awarded “Ordinary Love” by U2, written for the soundtrack of the biopic The Long Walk to Freedom. To better understand how the figure of Mandela has been addressed in these works, the paper includes analyses of the most complex and significant lyrics among the songs discussed, thus also showing how the South African cultural background as it was received by the West could have informed the songwriting, and how the Western reception of such songs determined an increasing awareness about Mandela’s plight and the whole phenomenon of apartheid.
description: Altre Modernità, No 12 (2014): MANDELA
Coaxial stereo and scale-based matching
Creators: name: Katz, Itzhak
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The past decade has seen a growing interest in computer stereo vision: the recovery of the depth map of a scene from two-dimensional images. The main problem of computer stereo is in establishing correspondence between features or regions in two or more images. This is referred to as the correspondence problem. One way to reduce the difficulty of the above problem is to constrain the camera modeling. Conventional stereo systems use two or more cameras, which are positioned in space at a uniform distance from the scene. These systems use epipolar geometry for their camera modeling, in order to curb the search space to be one-dimensional - along epipolar lines. Following Jain's approach, this thesis exploits a non-conventional camera modeling: the cameras are positioned in space one behind the other, such that their optical axes are collinear (hence the name coaxial stereo), and their distance apart is known. This approach complies with a simple case of epipolar geometry which further reduces the magnitude of the correspondence problem. The displacement of the projection of a stationary point occurs along a radial line, and depends only on its spatial depth and the distance between the cameras. Thus, to simplify (significantly) the recovery of depth from disparity, complex logarithmic mapping is applied to the original images. The logarithmic part of the transformation introduces great distortion to the image's resolution. Therefore, to minimize this distortion, it is applied to the features used in the matching process. The search for matching features is conducted along radial lines. Following Mokhtarian and Mackworth's approach, a scale-space image is constructed for each radial line by smoothing its intensity profile with a Gaussian filter, and finding zero-crossings in the second derivative at varying scale levels. Scale-space images of corresponding radial lines are then matched, based on a modified uniform cost algorithm. The matching algorithm is written with generality in mind. As a consequence, it can be easily adopted to other stereoscopic systems. Some new results on the structure of scale-space images of one dimensional functions are presented.
Lu Seegers, „Vati blieb im Krieg“. Vaterlosigkeit als generationelle Erfahrung im 20. Jahrhundert – Deutschland und Polen
Creators: name: Röger, Maren
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2015

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 64 Nr. 2 (2015): „Aufbruch zur Demokratie?“ Aspekte einer Demokratiegeschichte Ostmitteleuropas (1918-1939)
Critical currents and giant non-dissipative drag for superfluid electron-hole pairs in quantum Hall multilayers
Creators: name: Kravchenko, L. Yu.
name: Fil, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superfluid properties of electron-hole pairs in a quantum Hall four-layer system are investigated. The system is considered as a solid state realization of a two-component superfluid Bose gas with dipole-dipole interaction. One superfluid component is formed in the top bilayer and the other component - in the bottom one. We obtain the dispersion equation for the collective mode spectrum and compute the critical parameters (the critical interlayer distance and the critical currents) versus the filling factor. We find that the critical currents of the components depend on each other. The maximum critical current of a given component can be reached if the current of the other component is equal to zero. The non-dissipative drag effect between the components is studied. It is shown that in the system considered the drag factor is very large. Under appropriate conditions it can be about 10 per sent, that is at least in three order larder than one predicted for two-component atomic Bose gases.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures
Wojciech Kunicki, Marek Zybura (Hrsg.), Germanistik in Polen. Zur Fachgeschichte einer literaturwissenschaftlichen Auslandsgermanistik. 18 Porträts
Creators: name: Joachimsthaler, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2012

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 61 Nr. 1 (2012)
Fast and accurate multidimensional free energy integration
Creators: name: Hénin, Jérôme
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Enhanced sampling and free energy calculation algorithms of the Thermodynamic Integration family (such as the Adaptive Biasing Force method, ABF) are not based on the direct computation of a free energy surface, but rather of its gradient. Integrating the free energy surface is non-trivial in dimension higher than one. Here the author introduces a flexible, portable implementation of a Poisson equation formalism to integrate free energy surfaces from estimated gradients in dimension 2 and 3, using any combination of periodic and non-periodic (Neumann) boundary conditions. The algorithm is implemented in portable C++, and provided as a standalone tool that can be used to integrate multidimensional gradient fields estimated on a grid using any algorithm, such as Umbrella Integration as a post-treatment of Umbrella Sampling simulations. It is also included in the implementation of ABF (and its extended-system variant eABF) in the Collective Variables Module, enabling the seamless computation of multidimensional free energy surfaces within ABF and eABF simulations. A Python-based analysis toolchain is provided to easily plot and analyze multidimensional ABF simulation results, including metrics to assess their convergence. The Poisson integration algorithm can also be used to perform Helmholtz decomposition of noisy gradients estimates on the fly, resulting in an efficient implementation of the projected ABF (pABF) method proposed by Lelièvre and co-workers. In numerical tests, pABF is found to lead to faster convergence with respect to ABF in simple cases of low intrinsic dimension, but seems detrimental to convergence in a more realistic case involving degenerate coordinates and hidden barriers, due to slower exploration. This suggests that variance reduction schemes do not always yield convergence improvements when applied to enhanced sampling methods.
description: 25 pages, 6 figures
Marie Buňatová, Die Prager Juden in der Zeit vor der Schlacht am Weißen Berg
Creators: name: Weger, Tobias
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2013

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 62 Nr. 4 (2013)
Additional file 13 of Development of dendrite polarity in Drosophila neurons
Creators: name: Kargbo-Hill, Sarah E
name: Parmar, Manpreet
name: Gheres, Kyle W
name: Guignet, Michelle A
name: Huang, Yanmei
name: Jackson, F Rob
name: Rolls, Melissa M
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Space Science
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Neuroscience
Developmental Biology
Mental Health

description: Authors’ original file for figure 5
Quantitative bounds to propagation of quantum correlations in many-body systems
Creators: name: Girolami, Davide
name: Minervini, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate how much information about a quantum system can be simultaneously communicated to independent observers, by establishing quantitative limits to bipartite quantum correlations in many-body systems. As recently reported in Phys. Rev. Lett. 129, 010401 (2022), bounds on quantum discord and entanglement of formation between a single quantum system and its environment, e.g., a large number of photons, dictate that independent observers which monitor environment fragments inevitably acquire only classical information about the system. Here, we corroborate and generalize those findings. First, we calculate continuity bounds of quantum discord, which establish how much states with a small amount of quantum correlations deviate from being embeddings of classical probability distributions. Also, we demonstrate a universally valid upper bound to the bipartite entanglement of formation between an arbitrary pair of components of a many-body quantum system. The results confirm that proliferation of classical information in the Universe suppresses quantum correlations.
description: Contribution to the Special Issue "Foundations and applications of Quantum Optics" of Physics Letters A
Markus Roth, Annalena Schmidt, Judenmord in Ostrów Mazowiecka. Tat und Ahndung
Creators: name: Jockheck, Lars
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2015

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 64 Nr. 2 (2015): „Aufbruch zur Demokratie?“ Aspekte einer Demokratiegeschichte Ostmitteleuropas (1918-1939)
Quantum Stability for the Heisenberg Ferromagnet
Creators: name: Bargheer, Till
name: Beisert, Niklas
name: Gromov, Nikolay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Highly spinning classical strings on RxS^3 are described by the Landau-Lifshitz model or equivalently by the Heisenberg ferromagnet in the thermodynamic limit. The spectrum of this model can be given in terms of spectral curves. However, it is a priori not clear whether any given admissible spectral curve can actually be realised as a solution to the discrete Bethe equations, a property which can be referred to as stability. In order to study the issue of stability, we find and explore the general two-cut solution or elliptic curve. It turns out that the moduli space of this elliptic curve shows a surprisingly rich structure. We present the various cases with illustrations and thus gain some insight into the features of multi-cut solutions. It appears that all admissible spectral curves are indeed stable if the branch cuts are positioned in a suitable, non-trivial fashion.
description: 82 pages, a figure a page or so
A Wave Trapping Dispersive Delay Structure Based on Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW)
Creators: name: Nazemi-Rafi, Hossein
name: Movahhedi, Masoud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A dispersive delay structure (DDS) is a device that creates a specified group delay function over frequency bandwidth. In this paper, the idea of trapping the electromagnetic waves in a feedback loop is proposed to achieve higher group delay swing. The proposed structure includes two transmission lines and two junctions that act as power divider/combiner. The transmission lines can be either dispersive or non-dispersive. The group delay in the proposed configuration is proportional to the injected power into the feedback loop. So, an increase in the group delay swing can be done by improving the junctions or by adding more feedback loops to the structure. Based on this configuration, a novel DDS, using the substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) transmission line, is introduced. According to the experimental results, the proposed device with a relatively compact size creates high group delay swings (9 ns), and its insertion loss is about 7 dB.
On the commuting charges for the highest dimension SU(2) operators in planar ${\cal N}=4$ SYM
Creators: name: Fioravanti, Davide
name: Rossi, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the highest anomalous dimension operator in the SU(2) sector of planar ${\cal N}=4$ SYM at all-loop, though neglecting wrapping contributions. In any case, the latter enter the loop expansion only after a precise length-depending order. In the thermodynamic limit we write both a linear integral equation for the Bethe root density and a linear system obeyed by the commuting charges. Consequently, we determine the leading strong coupling contribution to the density and from this an approximation to the leading and sub-leading terms of any charge $Q_r$: it scales as $λ^{1/4-r/2}$, which generalises the Gubser-Klebanov-Polyakov energy law. In the end, we briefly extend these considerations to finite lengths and 'excited' operators by using the idea of a non-linear integral equation.
description: Latex file, 20 pages, some typos corrected, some technical details expanded and explained
Loss of control in pattern-directed nucleation: a theoretical study
Creators: name: Kalischewski, Felix
name: Zhu, Jia
name: Heuer, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of template-directed nucleation are studied close to the transition where full nucleation control is lost and additional nucleation occurs beyond the pre-patterned regions. First, kinetic Monte Carlo simulations are performed to obtain information on a microscopic level. Here the experimentally relevant cases of 1D stripe patterns and 2D square lattice symmetry are considered. The nucleation properties in the transition region depend in a complex way on the parameters of the system, i.e. the flux, the surface diffusion constant, the geometric properties of the pattern and the desorption rate. Second, the properties of the stationary concentration field in the fully controlled case are studied to derive the remaining nucleation probability and thus to characterize the loss of nucleation control. Using the analytically accessible solution of a model system with purely radial symmetry, some of the observed properties can be rationalized. A detailed comparison to the Monte Carlo data is included.
Field dependence of the thermopower of CeNiSn
Creators: name: Koehler, U.
name: Sun, P.
name: Oeschler, N.
name: Takabatake, T.
name: Paschen, S.
name: Steglich, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Previously measured thermopower data of CeNiSn exhibit a significant sample dependence and non-monotonous behavior in magnetic fields. In this paper we demonstrate that the measured thermopower S(T) may contain a contribution from the huge Nernst coefficient of the compound, even in moderate fields of 2 T. A correction for this effect allows to determine the intrinsic field dependence of S(T). The observed thermopower behavior can be understood from Zeeman splitting of a V-shaped pseudogap in magnetic fields.
description: 4 pages, accepted for Journal of Physics: Conference Series, proceedings of LT 25
Vector parameters in atomic ionization by twisted light: polarization of electron and residual ion
Creators: name: Kiselev, Maksim D.
name: Gryzlova, Elena V.
name: Grum-Grzhimailo, Alexei N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electron and ion properties observed in a photoionization inherit a symmetry properties of both a target and a radiation. Introducing a symmetry breaking in a photoionization process one can expect to observe a noticeable variation of the vector correlation parameters of either outgoing photoelectron or a residual ion. One of the ways to violate symmetry is to irradiate a matter by the twisted radiation which involves an additional screw.
 In the paper we present the extension of the approach developed in [Phys. Rev. A 108, 023117 (2023)] for the photoelectron angular distribution to the other vector correlation parameters, exactly photoelectron spin polarization, orientation and alignment of the residual ion. Usually two conditions are needed to produce polarized photoelectrons: a system possesses a helix and a noticeable spin-orbital interaction. In the paper we investigate if a twisted light brings an additional helicity to a system. As an illustrative example we consider ionization of valence $4p$-shell of atomic krypton by circularly and linearly polarized Bessel light. The photoelectron spin components are analyzed as a function of the cone angle of the twisted radiation.
Density-Based Dynamic Curriculum Learning for Intent Detection
Creators: name: Gong, Yantao
name: Liu, Cao
name: Yuan, Jiazhen
name: Yang, Fan
name: Cai, Xunliang
name: Wan, Guanglu
name: Chen, Jiansong
name: Niu, Ruiyao
name: Wang, Houfeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Pre-trained language models have achieved noticeable performance on the intent detection task. However, due to assigning an identical weight to each sample, they suffer from the overfitting of simple samples and the failure to learn complex samples well. To handle this problem, we propose a density-based dynamic curriculum learning model. Our model defines the sample's difficulty level according to their eigenvectors' density. In this way, we exploit the overall distribution of all samples' eigenvectors simultaneously. Then we apply a dynamic curriculum learning strategy, which pays distinct attention to samples of various difficulty levels and alters the proportion of samples during the training process. Through the above operation, simple samples are well-trained, and complex samples are enhanced. Experiments on three open datasets verify that the proposed density-based algorithm can distinguish simple and complex samples significantly. Besides, our model obtains obvious improvement over the strong baselines.
Additional file 14 of Development of dendrite polarity in Drosophila neurons
Creators: name: Kargbo-Hill, Sarah E
name: Parmar, Manpreet
name: Gheres, Kyle W
name: Guignet, Michelle A
name: Huang, Yanmei
name: Jackson, F Rob
name: Rolls, Melissa M
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Space Science
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Neuroscience
Developmental Biology
Mental Health

description: Authors’ original file for figure 6
Integral Field Spectrographs: a user's view
Creators: name: Emsellem, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We easily tend to think of Integral-Field Spectrographs (IFS) along two opposing trends: as either the beautiful combination between photometry and spectroscopy, or as our worst nightmare including the dark side of both worlds. I favour a view where each IFS is considered individually, as one instrument with specific performances which can be used optimally for a certain range of scientific programs. It is indeed true that data-wise, IFS do sometime merge the characteristics of classic (e.g., long-slit) spectrographs with annoying issues associated with Imagers. This is in fact the price to pay to access a drastically different perspective of our favourite targets. The challenge is then to provide the necessary tools to properly handle the corresponding data. However, this should certainly not be thought as something specific to IFS: such a challenge should be accepted for any instrument, and most importantly solved prior to its delivery at the telescope.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures. Invited talk, to appear in the Proceedings of "The 2007 ESO Instrument Calibration Workshop", ESO Astrophysics Symposia, Springer
The ECLAIRs telescope onboard the SVOM mission for gamma-ray burst studies
Creators: name: Schanne, Stephane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The X- and gamma-ray telescope ECLAIRs onboard the future mission for gamma-ray burst studies SVOM (Space-based multi-band astronomical Variable Objects Monitor) is foreseen to operate in orbit from 2013 on. ECLAIRs will provide fast and accurate GRB triggers to other onboard telescopes, as well as to the whole GRB community, in particular ground-based follow-up telescopes. With its very low energy threshold ECLAIRs is particularly well suited for the detection of highly redshifted GRB. The ECLAIRs X- and gamma-ray imaging camera (CXG), used for GRB detection and localization, is combined with a soft X-ray telescope (SXT) for afterglow observations and position refinement. The CXG is a 2D-coded mask imager with a 1024 cm$^2$ detection plane made of 80$\times$80 CdTe pixels, sensitive from 4 to 300 keV, with imaging capabilities up to about 120 keV and a localization accuracy better than 10 arcmin. The CXG permanently observes a 2 sr-wide field of the sky and provides photon data to the onboard science and triggering unit (UTS) which detects GRB by count-rate increases or by the appearance of a new source in cyclic sky images. The SXT is a mirror focusing X-ray telescope operating from 0.3 to 2 keV with a sensitivity of 1 mCrab for 100 s observations. The spacecraft slews within $\simeq$3 min in order to place the GRB candidate into the 23$\times$23 arcmin$^2$ field of view of the SXT, after which it refines the GRB position to about 10 arcsec. GRB alerts are transmitted to ground-observers within tens of seconds via a VHF network and all detected photons are available hours later for detailed analysis. In this paper we present the ECLAIRs concepts, with emphasis on the expected performances.
description: on behalf of the ECLAIRs collaboration. Proceedings of Gamma-Ray Bursts 2007 conference, Santa Fe, USA, 5-9 November 2007. Published in AIP conf. proc. 1000, 581-584 (2008)
The UV-optical Galaxy Color-Magnitude Diagram I: Basic Properties
Creators: name: Wyder, Ted K.
name: Martin, D. Christopher
name: Schiminovich, David
name: Seibert, Mark
name: Budavari, Tamas
name: Treyer, Marie A.
name: Barlow, Tom A.
name: Forster, Karl
name: Friedman, Peter G.
name: Morrissey, Patrick
name: Neff, Susan G.
name: Small, Todd
name: Bianchi, Luciana
name: Donas, Jose
name: Heckman, Timothy M.
name: Lee, Young-Wook
name: Madore, Barry F.
name: Milliard, Bruno
name: Rich, R. Michael
name: Szalay, Alex S.
name: Welsh, Barry Y.
name: Yi, Sukyoung K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have analyzed the bivariate distribution of galaxies as a function of ultraviolet-optical colors and absolute magnitudes in the local universe. The sample consists of galaxies with redshifts and optical photometry from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) main galaxy sample matched with detections in the near-ultraviolet (NUV) and far-ultraviolet (FUV) bands in the Medium Imaging Survey being carried out by the Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) satellite. In the (NUV-r)_{0.1} vs. M_{r,0.1} galaxy color-magnitude diagram, the galaxies separate into two well-defined blue and red sequences. The (NUV-r)_{0.1} color distribution at each M_{r,0.1} is not well fit by the sum of two Gaussians due to an excess of galaxies in between the two sequences. The peaks of both sequences become redder with increasing luminosity with a distinct blue peak visible up to M_{r,0.1}\sim-23. The r_{0.1}-band luminosity functions vary systematically with color, with the faint end slope and characteristic luminosity gradually increasing with color. After correcting for attenuation due to dust, we find that approximately one quarter of the color variation along the blue sequence is due to dust with the remainder due to star formation history and metallicity. Finally, we present the distribution of galaxies as a function of specific star formation rate and stellar mass. The specific star formation rates imply that galaxies along the blue sequence progress from low mass galaxies with star formation rates that increase somewhat with time to more massive galaxies with a more or less constant star formation rate. Above a stellar mass of ~10^10.5 M_{sun}, galaxies with low ratios of current to past averaged star formation rate begin to dominate.
description: 64 pages, 27 figures, accepted for publication in the ApJS GALEX special issue
A bimodal burst energy distribution of a repeating fast radio burst source
Creators: name: Li, D.
name: Wang, P.
name: Zhu, W. W.
name: Zhang, B.
name: Zhang, X. X.
name: Duan, R.
name: Zhang, Y. K.
name: Feng, Y.
name: Tang, N. Y.
name: Chatterjee, S.
name: Cordes, J. M.
name: Cruces, M.
name: Dai, S.
name: Gajjar, V.
name: Hobbs, G.
name: Jin, C.
name: Kramer, M.
name: Lorimer, D. R.
name: Miao, C. C.
name: Niu, C. H.
name: Niu, J. R.
name: Pan, Z. C.
name: Qian, L.
name: Spitler, L.
name: Werthimer, D.
name: Zhang, G. Q.
name: Wang, F. Y.
name: Xie, X. Y.
name: Yue, Y. L.
name: Zhang, L.
name: Zhi, Q. J.
name: Zhu, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The event rate, energy distribution, and time-domain behaviour of repeating fast radio bursts (FRBs) contains essential information regarding their physical nature and central engine, which are as yet unknown. As the first precisely-localized source, FRB 121102 has been extensively observed and shows non-Poisson clustering of bursts over time and a power-law energy distribution. However, the extent of the energy distribution towards the fainter end was not known. Here we report the detection of 1652 independent bursts with a peak burst rate of 122~hr^{-1}, in 59.5 hours spanning 47 days. A peak in the isotropic equivalent energy distribution is found to be ~4.8 x 10^{37} erg at 1.25~GHz, below which the detection of bursts is suppressed. The burst energy distribution is bimodal, and well characterized by a combination of a log-normal function and a generalized Cauchy function. The large number of bursts in hour-long spans allow sensitive periodicity searches between 1 ms and 1000 s. The non-detection of any periodicity or quasi-periodicity poses challenges for models involving a single rotating compact object. The high burst rate also implies that FRBs must be generated with a high radiative efficiency, disfavoring emission mechanisms with large energy requirements or contrived triggering conditions.
description: 69 pages, 14 figures, 2 tables; Updates for author correction
Inherent stochasticity of superconductive-resistive switching in nanowires
Creators: name: Shah, Nayana
name: Pekker, David
name: Goldbart, Paul M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hysteresis in the current-voltage characteristic in a superconducting nanowire reflects an underlying bistability. As the current is ramped up repeatedly, the state switches from a superconductive to a resistive one, doing so at random current values below the equilibrium critical current. Can a single phase-slip event somewhere along the wire--during which the order-parameter fluctuates to zero--induce such switching, via the local heating it causes? We address this and related issues by constructing a stochastic model for the time-evolution of the temperature in a nanowire whose ends are maintained at a fixed temperature. The model indicates that although, in general, several phase-slip events are necessary to induce switching, there is indeed a temperature- and current-range for which a single event is sufficient. It also indicates that the statistical distribution of switching currents initially broadens, as the temperature is reduced. Only at lower temperatures does this distribution show the narrowing with cooling naively expected for resistive fluctuations consisting of phase slips that are thermally activated.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Availing non-Markovian dynamics in effective negative temperature-based transient quantum Otto engines
Creators: name: Maity, Arghya
name: Ghoshal, Ahana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the efficiency of effective negative temperature-based quantum Otto engines, already known to outperform their traditional counterparts operating with positive-temperature thermal reservoirs, can be further improved by terminating the isochoric strokes before the working substance reaches perfect equilibrium with its environment. Our investigation encompasses both Markovian and non-Markovian dynamics during these finite-time isochoric processes while considering a weak coupling between the working substance and the reservoirs. We assess the performance of these engines as they undergo a transition from the Markovian to the non-Markovian regime using two figures of merit: maximum achievable efficiency at a certain finite time during the isochoric heating stroke, and overall performance of the engine over an extended period during the transient phase of this stroke. We show that the maximum efficiency increases with the increase of non-Markovianity. However, the overall engine performance decreases as non-Markovianity increases. Additionally, we discover the existence of effective negative temperature-based necessarily transient quantum Otto engines. These engines operate within an extended operational domain, reaching into temperature ranges where conventional effective negative temperature-based quantum Otto engines, which rely on perfect thermalization during the isochoric strokes, are unable to function. Furthermore, this extended operational domain of an effective negative temperature-based necessarily transient quantum Otto engine increases as non-Markovianity becomes more pronounced.
description: 14 Pages, 4 Figures. Published as "Using non-Markovian dynamics in effective-negative-temperature-based transient quantum Otto engines"
Semi-automatic implementation of network protocols
Creators: name: Ford, Daniel Alexander
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A compiler which achieves automatic implementation of network protocols by transforming specifications written in FDT into C programs is presented. A brief introduction to the the fundamentals of FDT, a standard language developed by ISO/TC97/SC 16/WG 1 Subgroup B for specifying network protocols, is given. We then present an overview of the compiler and discuss the problem of PASCAL to C translation. Transformation of a FDT specification into code is explained and illustrated by two implementation examples. The first example illustrates the implementation strategy by tracing the processing of a simple protocol. The second example demonstrates the validity of using automatically generated implementations by showing how a communication path was established between two hosts using code generated for the alternating bit protocol.
Josip Babić, Johann Gottfried Herder i njegove ideje u južnoslavenskome književnom i kulturno-političkom kontekstu 19. stoljeću
Creators: name: Kessler, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2011

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 60 Nr. 2 (2011)
Weakly-supervised Audio-visual Sound Source Detection and Separation
Creators: name: Rahman, Tanzila
name: Sigal, Leonid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Learning how to localize and separate individual object sounds in the audio channel of the video is a difficult task. Current state-of-the-art methods predict audio masks from artificially mixed spectrograms, known as Mix-and-Separate framework. We propose an audio-visual co-segmentation, where the network learns both what individual objects look and sound like, from videos labeled with only object labels. Unlike other recent visually-guided audio source separation frameworks, our architecture can be learned in an end-to-end manner and requires no additional supervision or bounding box proposals. Specifically, we introduce weakly-supervised object segmentation in the context of sound separation. We also formulate spectrogram mask prediction using a set of learned mask bases, which combine using coefficients conditioned on the output of object segmentation , a design that facilitates separation. Extensive experiments on the MUSIC dataset show that our proposed approach outperforms state-of-the-art methods on visually guided sound source separation and sound denoising.
description: 4 figures, 6 pages
Alexander Theodor von Middendorff und die Entwicklung der livländischen Gesellschaft in den Jahren 1860 bis 1885
Creators: name: Tammiksaar, Erki
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2010

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 59 Nr. 2 (2010)
On the use of superthermal light for imaging applications
Creators: name: Cassina, Silvia
name: Cenedese, Gabriele
name: Lamperti, Marco
name: Bondani, Maria
name: Allevi, Alessia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ghost imaging and differential ghost imaging are well-known imaging techniques based on the use of both classical and quantum correlated states of light. Since the existence of correlations has been shown to be the main resource to implement ghost imaging and differential ghost-imaging protocols, here we analyze the advantages and disadvantages of using two different kinds of superthermal states of light, which are more correlated than the typically employed thermal states. To make a fair comparison, we calculate the contrast (C) and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the reconstruct image. While the larger values of C suggest the usefulness of these superthermal states, the values of SNR do not improve by increasing the intensity fluctuations of light. On the contrary, they are the same as those exhibited by thermal light.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Karoline Riener, Zwischen Wissenschaftsdiskurs und Kulturpolitik. Adalbert-Stifter-Rezeption in Böhmen um 1900
Creators: name: Joachimsthaler, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2012

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 61 Nr. 1 (2012)
Solid modelling using linear octree representation
Creators: name: Ho, Sheung-Lai Sunny
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Object representation is the backbone of any solid modelling system. Hierarchical spatial decompositions of objects called octrees introduced very efficient algorithms for boolean set operations and some restricted classes of geometric transformations. Linear octrees, a compact encoding of the octrees, result in a significant reduction of storage requirements, and lead simpler algorithms for most modelling operations. This thesis investigates some properties of linear octrees with emphasis on object generation. By interpreting linear octree node digits as binary numbers, some simple conversion and node trimming algorithms are found, which when combined with a node enumeration algorithm, generate the linear octrees of cuboidal volumes efficiently. A simple and uniform approach is devised to perform arbitrary geometric transformations by means of cuboid generation. Experiments shows these algorithms maintain the efficiency of special cases while degrading linearly with the number of intermediate nodes generated.
SVOM pointing strategy: how to optimize the redshift measurements?
Creators: name: Cordier, Bertrand
name: Desclaux, Francois
name: Foliard, Jacques
name: Schanne, Stephane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Sino-French SVOM mission (Space-based multi-band astronomical Variable Objects Monitor) has been designed to detect all known types of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and to provide fast and reliable GRB positions. In this study we present the SVOM pointing strategy which should ensure the largest number of localized bursts allowing a redshift measurement. The redshift measurement can only be performed by large telescopes located on Earth. The best scientific return will be achieved if we are able to combine constraints from both space segment (platform and payload) and ground telescopes (visibility).
description: Proceedings of Gamma-Ray Bursts 2007 conference, Santa Fe, USA, 5-9 November 2007. Published in AIP conf. proc. 1000, 585-588 (2008)
Marju Luts-Sootak u.a. (Hrsg.), Einheit und Vielfalt in der Rechtsgeschichte im Ostseeraum
Creators: name: Leppik, Marelle
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2013

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 62 Nr. 4 (2013)