cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Sugar-sweetened beverages and risk of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis
Creators: name: Popkin, Barry
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: OBJECTIVE Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), which include soft drinks, fruit drinks, iced tea, and energy and vitamin water drinks has risen across the globe. Regular consumption of SSBs has been associated with weight gain and risk of overweight and obesity, but the role of SSBs in the development of related chronic metabolic diseases, such as metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes, has not been quantitatively reviewed. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We searched the MEDLINE database up to May 2010 for prospective cohort studies of SSB intake and risk of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. We identified 11 studies (three for metabolic syndrome and eight for type 2 diabetes) for inclusion in a random-effects meta-analysis comparing SSB intake in the highest to lowest quantiles in relation to risk of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. RESULTS Based on data from these studies, including 310,819 participants and 15,043 cases of type 2 diabetes, individuals in the highest quantile of SSB intake (most often 1–2 servings/day) had a 26% greater risk of developing type 2 diabetes than those in the lowest quantile (none or less than 1 serving/month) (relative risk [RR] 1.26 [95% CI 1.12–1.41]). Among studies evaluating metabolic syndrome, including 19,431 participants and 5,803 cases, the pooled RR was 1.20 [1.02–1.42]. CONCLUSIONS In addition to weight gain, higher consumption of SSBs is associated with development of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. These data provide empirical evidence that intake of SSBs should be limited to reduce obesity-related risk of chronic metabolic diseases.
Adiabatic Invariance of Oscillons/I-balls
Creators: name: Kawasaki, Masahiro
name: Takahashi, Fuminobu
name: Takeda, Naoyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Real scalar fields are known to fragment into spatially localized and long-lived solitons called oscillons or $I$-balls. We prove the adiabatic invariance of the oscillons/$I$-balls for a potential that allows periodic motion even in the presence of non-negligible spatial gradient energy. We show that such potential is uniquely determined to be the quadratic one with a logarithmic correction, for which the oscillons/$I$-balls are absolutely stable. For slightly different forms of the scalar potential dominated by the quadratic one, the oscillons/$I$-balls are only quasi-stable, because the adiabatic charge is only approximately conserved. We check the conservation of the adiabatic charge of the $I$-balls in numerical simulation by slowly varying the coefficient of logarithmic corrections. This unambiguously shows that the longevity of oscillons/$I$-balls is due to the adiabatic invariance.
description: 26 papes, 4 figures
Find the Joy: an Ode to Healing in F Major
Creators: name: Heston, Thomas F
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: music
quantum field theory
medicine
quantum physics
sheet music

description: Find the Joy unravels the symphony of science. It's a harmonious exploration of medicine, music, and quantum physics. An Ode to Healing in F Major The physician comes in, stethoscope swinging, As Bach flows gently, each note softly rings. Waveforms intertwine, particles dance, Melodies mending, quantum chance bending. Music and medicine, interplaying, Sickness and health, balancing, swaying. Science and art, together healing, Rhythm and reason, suffering unfeeling. With quarks and bandages, we seek restoration, Through sharps and flats, finds the patient's elation. So let us be grateful for knowledge and song, Two noble callings, humanity making strong. Though the mysteries of life remain long unfurled, With care and compassion, we can heal the world. So doctors, pick up your well-tuned strings! Make new cures resound, hope and solace bring.
Generalized Kirchhoff-Law-Johnson-Noise (KLJN) secure key exchange system using arbitrary resistors
Creators: name: Vadai, Gergely
name: Mingesz, Robert
name: Gingl, Zoltan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Kirchhoff-Law-Johnson-Noise (KLJN) secure key exchange system has been introduced as a simple, very low cost and efficient classical physical alternative to quantum key distribution systems. The ideal system uses only a few electronic components - identical resistor pairs, switches and interconnecting wires - to guarantee perfectly protected data transmission. We show that a generalized KLJN system can provide unconditional security even if it is used with significantly less limitations. The more universal conditions ease practical realizations considerably and support more robust protection against attacks. Our theoretical results are confirmed by numerical simulations.
The development of positive and negative reciprocity
Creators: name: Chernyak, Nadia
name: Leimgruber, Kristin
name: Dunham, Yarrow
name: Hu, Jingshi
name: Blake, Peter
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: Chernyak, N., Leimgruber, K. L., Dunham, Y. C., Hu, J., & Blake, P. R. (in press). Paying back those who harmed us, but not those who helped us: Direct negative reciprocity precedes direct positive reciprocity in early development. Psychological Science.
Contextualising diversity management: challenging the effectiveness of the business case
Creators: name: Michielsens, Elisabeth
Publisher: name: University of Westminster
Year: 2016

description: This PhD challenges, through the discussion of eleven publications, the effectiveness of the employer-led ‘business case’ to achieving greater equality and diversity in organisations and highlights the need for a systemic and contextual approach through inclusion of employee voice. The absence of employee participation in building diversity strategies leads to inconsistent initiatives whose relevance and impact are not shaped or interrogated by relevant groups in their specific contexts, undermining effectiveness. These publications, mainly based on qualitative case-study research, discuss diversity management from a sectoral or organisational perspective, focusing on ‘good practice’ analysis, whilst also critiquing this concept. The earlier publications show that the structural and cultural barriers to female employment in the male-dominated construction sector impact the participation of other disadvantaged groups. They also discuss the impact of social class and the effectiveness of inclusion strategies for disabled workers, as well as the positive influence of collective employee voice on conflict management in organisations. The later publications look at diversity management from a management perspective; within specific sectoral contexts, mostly male-dominated (e.g. science, technology, engineering, mathematics and medicine (STEMM). The sectoral analysis highlights the importance of employment context (sector, occupation, organisation, job role) in the understanding and implementation of equality and diversity. The publications show the limitations of employer-led diversity management initiatives, which fail to break down entrenched structural and cultural barriers. These barriers are shaped by organisational expectations of employees’ availability in terms of working time and place, and adaptability to set ways of working. The business case approach does not change these expectations, and leads to a narrow interpretation of diversity and target populations, dominance of employer voice in discourse and actions, lack of contextualised multi-level implementation of diversity measures, the singularity of business benefit as driver and lack of diversity monitoring to support decision making, therefore explaining the lack of progress in equality and diversity. Employee participation is weak in terms of depth and scope, with evidence only of topdown communication. Where collective employee participation is increased, diversity management is improved through enhanced contextualisation and more systemic implementation, reducing barriers to equality and diversity.
Doubly-heralded single-photon absorption by a single atom
Creators: name: Brito, José
name: Kucera, Stephan
name: Eich, Pascal
name: Müller, Philipp
name: Eschner, Jürgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a single-photon-to-single-atom interface, where a single photon generated by Spontaneous Parametric Down Conversion (SPDC) is absorbed by a single trapped ion. The photon is heralded by its time-correlated partner generated in the SPDC process, while the absorption event is heralded by a single photon emitted in its course. Coincidence detection marks doubly-heralded absorption, enabling photon-to-atom quantum state transfer [1, 2]. Background in the coincidence measurement is strongly suppressed by a new method that discriminates real absorption events from dark count-induced coincidences.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Asymmetric Dark Matter Stars
Creators: name: Kouvaris, Chris
name: Nielsen, Niklas Grønlund
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the possibility of asymmetric dark matter with self-interactions forming compact stable objects. We solve the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equation and find the mass-radius relation of such "dark stars", their density profile and their Chandrasekhar mass limit. We consider fermionic asymmetric dark matter with Yukawa-type self-interactions appropriate for solving the well known problems of the collisionless dark matter paradigm. We find that in several cases the relativistic effects are significant.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
The Bias Against Creativity: Why People Desire but Reject Creative Ideas
Creators: name: Goncalo, Jack A.
name: Mueller, Jennifer S.
name: Melwani, Shimul
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: People often reject creative ideas, even when espousing creativity as a desired goal. To explain this paradox, we propose that people can hold a bias against creativity that is not necessarily overt and that is activated when people experience a motivation to reduce uncertainty. In two experiments, we manipulated uncertainty using different methods, including an uncertainty-reduction prime. The results of both experiments demonstrated the existence of a negative bias against creativity (relative to practicality) when participants experienced uncertainty. Furthermore, this bias against creativity interfered with participants’ ability to recognize a creative idea. These results reveal a concealed barrier that creative actors may face as they attempt to gain acceptance for their novel ideas.
Occultation (Ghaybah)
Creators: name: Rezaie Khanghah, Reza
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Islamic studies
Studies in religious traditions (excl. Eastern, Jewish, Christian and Islamic traditions)
Philosophy of religion
Religious studies not elsewhere classified
Theology
Theology not elsewhere classified

description: A few days before the death of the fourth ambassador, Ali bin Mohammad al-Samri, Imam Mahdi sent a message to his ambassador saying: “In the name of God, the Most Merciful, the Most Merciful, O Ali bin Mohammad al-Samari, the greatest of God; And between six days, gather your command and do not recommend anyone to take your place after your death, for complete occultation has occurred, and there is no reappearance (advent) except after the permission of Allah, the Exalted, stating him, and that is after a long period, hardness of hearts, and the earth being filled with oppression”.
Local ultra faint dwarves as a product of Galactic processing during a Magellanic group infall
Creators: name: Yozin, C.
name: Bekki, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent discoveries of ultra-faint dwarf (UFD) galaxies in the vicinity of the Magellanic system supports the expectation from cosmological models that such faint objects exist and are numerous. By developing a mass model of the Local Group and backwards integrating the Magellanic Clouds' present kinematics, we find that the locations of these UFDs are consistent with those predicted if previously associated with the Large MC as part of a loose association. We further demonstrate how these satellites are likely to have been processed by the Galactic hot halo upon accretion, with the implication that ongoing detections of extremely gas-rich objects on the periphery of the Galaxy and without clear stellar counterparts are analogous to the progenitors of the gas-deficient UFDs. Our model allows us predict the locations of other putative Magellanic satellites, and propose how their distribution/kinematics provide a novel constraint on the dynamical properties of the Galaxy. We also predict that the stripped metal-poor HI, previously associated with these UFDs, lies coincident with but distinguishable from the extensive Magellanic Stream.
description: 7 pages, 1 table, 4 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
title: Ethnography and enculturation of weaving on Taquile Island, Peru
Creators: name: Prochaska, Rita
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 1983
Subjects: Aymara
Ethnographie
Quechua
Peru
Textil
Semiotik
Social sciences, sociology, anthropology
Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie

description: Layoutgetreues Digitalisat der Ausg.: Los Angeles, Univ., 1983 Standort: Bibliothek des Fachgebiets Kultur- und Sozialanthropologie (365) Signatur: 8.7.520 I Bemerkungen: Master Thesis (M.A.). Maschinenschrift
description: Digital copy of the printed edition: Los Angeles, Univ.,1983 Location of printed edition: Bibliothek des Fachgebiets Kultur- und Sozialanthropologie (365) Shelfmark: 8.7.520 I Remarks: Master Thesis (M.A.). Typoscript.
The Globular Cluster System of NGC 6822
Creators: name: Veljanoski, J.
name: Ferguson, A. M. N.
name: Mackey, A. D.
name: Huxor, A. P.
name: Hurley, J. R.
name: Bernard, E. J.
name: Cote, P.
name: Irwin, M. J.
name: Martin, N. F.
name: Burgett, W. S.
name: Chambers, K. C.
name: Flewelling, H.
name: Kudritzki, R.
name: Waters, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comprehensive analysis of the globular cluster (GC) system of the Local Group dwarf irregular galaxy NGC 6822. Our study is based on homogeneous optical and near-IR photometry, as well as long-slit spectroscopic observations which are used to determine new radial velocities for 6 GCs, two of which had no previous spectroscopic information. We construct optical-near IR colour-colour diagrams and through comparison to simple stellar population models infer that the GCs have old ages consistent with being 9 Gyr or older, while their metallicities are in the range between -1.6 < [Fe/H] < -0.4. We conduct a kinematic analysis of the GC population and find tentative evidence for weak net rotation of the GC system, in the same sense as that exhibited by the underlying spheroid. The most likely amplitude of rotation is ~10 km/s, approximately half the magnitude of the observed velocity dispersion. Finally, we use the GCs to estimate the dynamical mass of NGC 6822 within 11 kpc and we formally find it to be in the range between (3-4)10^9 Msun. This implies an overall mass-to-light ratio in the range of ~ 30-40 and indicates that NGC 6822 is highly dark matter dominated. The mass and the corresponding mass-to-light ratio estimates are affected by various additional systematic effects due to limitations of the data and the model that are not necessary reflected in the formal uncertainties.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures, 8 tables. Accepted for publication in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Effect of double local quenches on Loschmidt echo and entanglement entropy of a one-dimensional quantum system
Creators: name: Rajak, Atanu
name: Divakaran, Uma
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of two simultaneous local quenches on the evolution of Loschmidt echo and entanglement entropy of a one dimensional transverse Ising model. In this work, one of the local quenches involves the connection of two spin-1/2 chains at a certain time and the other local quench corresponds to a sudden change in the magnitude of the transverse field at a given site in one of the spin chains. We numerically calculate the dynamics associated with the Loschmidt echo and the entanglement entropy as a result of such double quenches, and discuss various timescales involved in this problem using the picture of quasiparticles generated as a result of such quenches.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
Scientific evidence underlying the ACC/AHA clinical practice guidelines
Creators: name: Smith, Sidney C., Jr.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Context The joint cardiovascular practice guidelines of the American College of Cardiology (ACC) and the American Heart Association (AHA) have become important documents for guiding cardiology practice and establishing benchmarks for quality of care. Objective To describe the evolution of recommendations in ACC/AHA cardiovascular guidelines and the distribution of recommendations across classes of recommendations and levels of evidence. Data Sources and Study Selection Data from all ACC/AHA practice guidelines issued from 1984 to September 2008 were abstracted by personnel in the ACC Science and Quality Division. Fifty-three guidelines on 22 topics, including a total of 7196 recommendations, were abstracted. Data Extraction The number of recommendations and the distribution of classes of recommendation (I, II, and III) and levels of evidence (A, B, and C) were determined. The subset of guidelines that were current as of September 2008 was evaluated to describe changes in recommendations between the first and current versions as well as patterns in levels of evidence used in the current versions. Results Among guidelines with at least 1 revision or update by September 2008, the number of recommendations increased from 1330 to 1973 (+48%) from the first to the current version, with the largest increase observed in use of class II recommendations. Considering the 16 current guidelines reporting levels of evidence, only 314 recommendations of 2711 total are classified as level of evidence A (median, 11%), whereas 1246 (median, 48%) are level of evidence C. Level of evidence significantly varies across categories of guidelines (disease, intervention, or diagnostic) and across individual guidelines. Recommendations with level of evidence A are mostly concentrated in class I, but only 245 of 1305 class I recommendations have level of evidence A (median, 19%).
Performance of a radiatively cooled system for quantum optomechanical experiments in space
Creators: name: Pilan-Zanoni, André
name: Burkhardt, Johannes
name: Johann, Ulrich
name: Aspelmeyer, Markus
name: Kaltenbaek, Rainer
name: Hechenblaikner, Gerald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The performance of a radiatively cooled instrument is investigated in the context of optomechanical quantum experiments, where the environment of a macroscopic particle in a quantum-superposition has to be cooled to less than 20\,K in deep space. A heat-transfer analysis between the components of the instrument as well as a transfer-function analysis on thermal oscillations induced by the spacecraft interior and by dissipative sources is performed. The thermal behaviour of the instrument in an orbit around a Lagrangian point and in a highly elliptical Earth orbit is discussed. Finally, we investigate further possible design improvements aiming at lower temperatures of the environment of the macroscopic particle. These include a mirror-based design of the imaging system on the optical bench and the extension of the heat shields.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables
Girtyspira Knight 1936
Creators: name: Yoo, E. K.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1994
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Acteoninidae
Girtyspira

description: Girtyspira Knight, 1936 Australian Carboniferous species. Girtyspira inflata n.sp., from Swains Gully. Remarks. Kollmann & Yochelson (1976) transferred Girtyspira from the subulitoideans to the opisthobranchs, on the basis of a deviated protoconch and sutural ramp. Erwin (1988) also placed Girtyspira in the opisthobranchs. The studied form Girtyspira inflata n.sp. has a deviated protoconch, but not seen clearly as heterostrophic. It is, here, retained in the Subulitoidea.
description: Published as part of Yoo, E. K., 1994, Early Carboniferous Gastropoda from the Tamworth Belt, New South Wales, Australia, pp. 63-120 in Records of the Australian Museum 46 (1) on page 87, DOI: 10.3853/j.0067-1975.46.1994.18, http://zenodo.org/record/4654599
description: {"references": ["Knight, J. B., 1936. Notes on Palaeozoic Gastropoda. Journal of Pa 1 eontology 10 (6): 520 - 534.", "Kollmann, H. A & E. L. Yochelson, 1976. Survey of Paleozoic gastropods possibly belonging to the subclass Opisthobranchia. Naturhistorisches Museum in Wien Annalen 80: 207 - 220.", "Erwin, D. H., 1988. Permian gastropoda of the southwestern United States: Cerithiacea, Acteonacea, and Pyramidellacea. Journal of Paleontology 62 (4), 566 - 575."]}
On nontriviality of homotopy groups of spheres
Creators: name: Ivanov, Sergei O.
name: Mikhailov, Roman
name: Wu, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For $n\geq 2$, the homotopy groups $π_n(S^2)$ are non-zero.
description: 8 pages
Implementation Research on the Impact of Social Isolation on Refugee Children and Youth: their Resilience and Coping Mechanisms
Creators: name: Alamgir, Akm
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: Long-term lockdown and social isolation, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, are unprecedented experiences. To date, inadequate studies have been conducted to understand the impact of these social isolation on refugee children and youth and to be able to create a model for resilience.
ACC/AHA/ACP-ASIM guidelines for the management of patients with chronic stable angina: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee on Management of Patients With Chronic Stable Angina)
Creators: name: Smith, Sidney C., Jr.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: The ACC/AHA Task Force on Practice Guidelines was formed to make recommendations regarding the diagnosis and treatment of patients with known or suspected cardiovascular disease. Ischemic heart disease is the single leading cause of death in the U.S. The most common manifestation of this disease is chronic stable angina. Recognizing the importance of the management of this common entity and the absence of national clinical practice guidelines in this area, the task force formed the current committee to develop guidelines for the management of patients with stable angina. Because this problem is frequently encountered in the practice of internal medicine, the task force invited the American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine (ACP-ASIM) to serve as a partner in this effort by naming four general internists to serve on the committee.
Design, analysis and evaluation of sigma-delta based beamformers for medical ultrasound imaging applications
Creators: name: Engindeniz, Gunes
Publisher: name: University of Westminster
Year: 2016

description: The inherent analogue nature of medical ultrasound signals in conjunction with the abundant merits provided by digital image acquisition, together with the increasing use of relatively simple front-end circuitries, have created considerable demand for single-bit  beamformers in digital ultrasound imaging systems. Furthermore, the increasing need to design lightweight ultrasound systems with low power consumption and low noise, provide ample justification for development and innovation in the use of single-bit  beamformers in ultrasound imaging systems. The overall aim of this research program is to investigate, establish, develop and confirm through a combination of theoretical analysis and detailed simulations, that utilize raw phantom data sets, suitable techniques for the design of simple-to-implement hardware efficient  digital ultrasound beamformers to address the requirements for 3D scanners with large channel counts, as well as portable and lightweight ultrasound scanners for point-of-care applications and intravascular imaging systems. In addition, the stability boundaries of higher-order High-Pass (HP) and Band-Pass (BP) Σ−Δ modulators for single- and dual- sinusoidal inputs are determined using quasi-linear modeling together with the describing-function method, to more accurately model the  modulator quantizer. The theoretical results are shown to be in good agreement with the simulation results for a variety of input amplitudes, bandwidths, and modulator orders. The proposed mathematical models of the quantizer will immensely help speed up the design of higher order HP and BP Σ−Δ modulators to be applicable for digital ultrasound beamformers. Finally, a user friendly design and performance evaluation tool for LP, BP and HP  modulators is developed. This toolbox, which uses various design methodologies and covers an assortment of  modulators topologies, is intended to accelerate the design process and evaluation of  modulators. This design tool is further developed to enable the design, analysis and evaluation of  beamformer structures including the noise analyses of the final B-scan images. Thus, this tool will allow researchers and practitioners to design and verify different reconstruction filters and analyze the results directly on the B-scan ultrasound images thereby saving considerable time and effort.
Can star cluster environment affect dust input from massive AGB stars?
Creators: name: Zhukovska, Svitlana
name: Petrov, Mykola
name: Henning, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the fraction of massive asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars remaining bound in their parent star clusters and the effect of irradiation of these stars by intracluster ultraviolet (UV) field. We employ a set of N-body models of dynamical evolution of star clusters rotating in a galactic potential at the solar galactocentric radius. The cluster models are combined with stellar evolution formulae, a library of stellar spectra, and simple models for SiO photodissociation in circumstellar environment (CSE). The initial stellar masses of clusters are varied from $50\rm M_\odot$ to $10^{5}\rm M_\odot$. Results derived for individual clusters are combined using a mass distribution function for young star clusters. We find that about 30% of massive AGB stars initially born in clusters become members of the field population, while the rest evolves in star clusters. They are irradiated by strong intracluster UV radiation resulting in the decrease of the photodissociation radius of SiO molecules, in many stars down to the dust formation zone. In absence of dust shielding, the UV photons penetrate in the CSE deeper than $10R_*$ in 64% and deeper than $2 R_*$ in 42% of all massive AGB stars. If this suppresses following dust formation, the current injection rate of silicate dust from AGB stars in the local Galaxy decreases from $2.2 \times 10^{-4}\rm M_\odot\,kpc^{-2}\,Gyr^{-1}$ to $1.8 \times 10^{-4}\rm M_\odot\,kpc^{-2}\,Gyr^{-1}$ at most. A lower revised value of 40% for the expected fraction of presolar silicate grains from massive AGB stars is still high to explain the non-detection of these grains in meteorites.
description: accepted to ApJ, 14 pages, 9 figures, 5 tables
The Importance of Mental Well-Being for Health Professionals During Complex Emergencies: It Is Time We Take It Seriously
Creators: name: Schubert, Johanna
name: Stilwell, Barbara
name: Surya, Mary
name: Jaff, Dilshad
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: The number of people displaced from their homes or
villages as a result of conflict has increased in the last
20 years.1 As a result, millions have been forced to live
far from their homes and communities in refugee camps
sometimes for months or years. In 2014, an estimated
60 million refugees worldwide fled war-torn and conflict
areas and, of these, more than 60% were forcibly
uprooted and displaced within their own countries,
according to the United Nations High Commissioner for
Refugees (UNHCR).1 As a result, the demand for an
emergency health care response has increased, as has
the need for a qualified health care workforce, particularly
nurses, physicians, and similarly trained or licensed
professionals.2 Additionally, as the number of man-made
and natural disasters have increased, the demand
for aid has also risen, especially in settings where complex
emergencies have occurred. The World Health
Organization (WHO) defines complex emergencies as
“combin[ing] internal conflict with large-scale displacements
of people, mass famine or food shortage, and
fragile or failing economic, political, and social institutions.
Often, complex emergencies can be created by
natural disasters.”3 With the incidence of global complex
emergencies and humanitarian crises rising, local
and expatriate health professionals have become
increasingly exposed to stress and trauma for protracted
periods. This type of stress and psychological trauma
can be further defined as primary or secondary: primary
stress and psychological trauma involves direct
dangers or events that happen to one’s self while secondary
stress and trauma results from exposure to the
experiences of others.4
While small steps have been taken to mitigate mental
health consequences, more can be done to support the
psychosocial well-being of health professionals in crisis
situations. This article calls on humanitarian aid organizations
to address the mental health of their local and expatriate
workforce by integrating proven mental health
strategies, including psychosocial support, into health
delivery models, thereby protecting, enhancing, and
improving staff capacity to provide care for vulnerable
populations. In this article, the authors review the possible
effects of acute and prolonged stress on the mental
health of health professionals, and propose new ways
for organizations to ensure that health professionals
have the support they need in order to remain effective
in the field.
Fluctuations of maternal sensitivity and adult attachment
Creators: name: Patel, Anshu
name: Nakamura, Monique S.
name: Roisman, Glenn I.
name: Eller, Jami
name: Simpson, Jeffry
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: Running similar analyses with SECCYD
Humanoid robots as cognitive and/or motor diagnostic and training tool - a scoping review.
Creators: name: Holthausen, Jennifer
name: Leveringhaus, Marleen
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mechanical Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
subject: Biomedical Devices and Instrumentation
subject: Biomechanical Engineering
subject: Biomechanics and Biotransport
subject: Engineering
subject: Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering

description: The aim of this scoping review is to examine the extent and provide an overview of scientific literature specific to the interaction of humanoid robots with humans in the field of motor and/or cognitive performance diagnosis and training.
On perfect cones and absolute Baire-one retracts
Creators: name: Karlova, Olena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 54C20, 54C15, 54C50

description: We introduce perfect cones over topological spaces and study their connection with absolute $B_1$-retracts
MPEC 2024-C14 : 2024 BW4
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 BW4

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
X-ray Analysis of Filaments in Galaxy Clusters
Creators: name: Walker, S. A.
name: Kosec, P.
name: Fabian, A. C.
name: Sanders, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a detailed X-ray study of the filaments surrounding the brightest cluster galaxies in a sample of nearby galaxy clusters using deep Chandra observations, namely the Perseus, Centaurus and Virgo clusters, and Abell 1795. We compare the X-ray properties and spectra of the filaments in all of these systems, and find that their Chandra X-ray spectra are all broadly consistent with an absorbed two temperature thermal model, with temperature components at 0.75 and 1.7 keV. We find that it is also possible to model the Chandra ACIS filament spectra with a charge exchange model provided a thermal component is also present, and the abundance of oxygen is suppressed relative to the abundance of Fe. In this model, charge exchange provides the dominant contribution to the spectrum in the 0.5-1.0 keV band. However, when we study the high spectral resolution RGS spectrum of the filamentary plume seen in X-rays in Centaurus, the opposite appears to be the case. The properties of the filaments in our sample of clusters are also compared to the X-ray tails of galaxies in the Coma cluster and Abell 3627. In the Perseus cluster, we search for signs of absorption by a prominent region of molecular gas in the filamentary structure around NGC 1275. We do find a decrement in the X-ray spectrum below 2 keV, indicative of absorption. However the spectral shape is inconsistent with this decrement being caused by simply adding an additional absorbing component. We find that the spectrum can be well fit (with physically sensible parameters) with a model that includes both absorption by molecular gas and X-ray emission from the filament, which partially counteracts the absorption.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Real-Time Interrogation of Optical Sensors Based on Wavelength-to-Time Mapping
Creators: name: Deng, Hong
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2018
Subjects: Optical Sensors
Microwave Photonics

description: Theoretical and experimental studies of real-time interrogation of optical sensors based on wavelength-to-time (WTT) mapping are presented. The sensing information is encoded in the spectrum of an optical sensor, and transferred to the time domain by using WTT mapping. Utilizing digital electronics for post processing, the sensing information can be interrogated at an ultra-high speed and resolution. Two sensors based on WTT mapping are proposed and demonstrated. First, a random grating sensor for simultaneous measurement of the temperature and strain is investigated. An ultra-short pulse from a mode-lock laser is spectrum shaped by a high-birefringence random grating to generate two orthogonally polarized spectrums, which are then fed to an optical loop in which a linearly chirped fiber Bragg grating is incorporated. Linear WTT mapping is implemented, and two temporally separated optical pulses are generated, and then converted to two electrical waveforms at a photodetector. Pulse compression is then employed. By measuring the temporal intervals of the temporally compressed pulses, the strain and temperature information can be retrieved. Conventional fiber based sensors are not sensitive to the refractive index change of the environment. In the second sensor, a silicon photonic microdisk resonator (MDR) for temperature and liquid refractive index sensing is proposed and demonstrated. By using the notches in the spectrum of the MDR, a microwave photonic filter (MPF) is implemented. By feeding a linearly chirped microwave signal to the MPF, a filtered signal with its temporal location representing the spectrum is generated. By monitoring the time location of the filtered signal, the temperature or the refractive index information is revealed.
Nuclear excitation functions from 40-200 MeV proton irradiation of terbium
Creators: name: Engle, Jonathan W.
name: Mashnik, Stepan G.
name: Parker, Lauren A.
name: Jackman, Kevin R.
name: Bitteker, Leo J.
name: Ullmann, John L.
name: Gulley, Mark S.
name: Pillai, Chandra
name: John, Kevin D.
name: Birnbaum, Eva R.
name: Nortier, Francois M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nuclear formation cross sections are reported for 26 radionuclides, measured with 40 to 200 MeV proton irradiations of terbium foils. These data are relevant to the production of medically relevant radionuclides (e.g., 152Tb, 155Tb, 155Eu, and 156Eu) and to ongoing efforts to characterize stellar nucleosynthesis routes passing through long-lived intermediaries (e.g., 153Gd). Computational predictions from the ALICE2011, CEM03.03, Bertini, and INCL+ABLA codes are compared with newly measured data to contribute to the ongoing process of code development, and yields are calculated for selected radionuclides using measured data.
description: 34 pages, 30 figures, 5 tables, submitted to Phys. Rev. C
Atti della Tavola rotonda su «Le conseguenze della pedonalizzazione nei centri urbani: aspetti economico-estimativi, tecnici, urbanistici e sociali»: L'organizzazione del trasporto nelle aree urbane
Creators: name: Ferrari, Paolo
Publisher: name: Aestimum
Year: 2009

description: Aestimum, Aestimum 23/24 (1990)
Lectures contemporaines de Spinoza : les usages politiques de Spinoza dans la pensée d’Antonio Negri et de François Zourabichvili
Creators: name: Désinat, Ducakis
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2018
Subjects: Spinoza
Negri
Zourabichvili
Marxisme
usages
politiques

description: Dans cette thèse, nous avons voulu éclairer les enjeux entourant les réinterprétations et ré-appropriations de Spinoza dans les études politiques contemporaines. Notre analyse nous a permis de montrer que les réinterprétations et les usages actuels de la pensée spinoziste étaient dominés par des auteurs d’obédience marxiste. Ensuite, nous avons examiné plus particulièrement l’influence de cette réappropriation marxiste du spinozisme dans l’œuvre du philosophe italien Antonio Negri. Ce dernier interprète le spinozisme à l’aune d’une pensée révolutionnaire. Nous avons enfin cherché à cerner les limites des usages marxistes de la pensée spinoziste, particulièrement en nous appuyant sur les travaux du philosophe français François Zourabichvili. Tout en défendant un spinozisme plus modéré, Zourabichvili a bien montré que l’interprétation révolutionnaire de Spinoza déforme certains principes qui sont au cœur de la pensée politique spinoziste
Supplementary document for Continuously Tunable Modulation Scheme for Homodyne Detection and State Tomography - 6256627.pdf
Creators: name: Lane, Benjamin
name: Chen, Junxin
name: Shadmany, Danial
name: Lanza, Robert
name: Mavalvala, Nergis
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Derivation of error signal for UTM lock.
Multiscaling in superfluid turbulence: A shell-model study
Creators: name: Shukla, Vishwanath
name: Pandit, Rahul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the multiscaling behavior of the normal- and superfluid-velocity structure functions in three-dimensional superfluid turbulence by using a shell model for the three-dimensional (3D) Hall-Vinen-Bekharevich-Khalatnikov (HVBK) equations. Our 3D-HVBK shell model is based on the Gledzer-Okhitani-Yamada (GOY) shell model. We examine the dependence of the multiscaling exponents on the normal-fluid fraction and the mutual-friction coefficients. Our extensive study of the 3D-HVBK shell model shows that the multiscaling behavior of the velocity structure functions in superfluid turbulence is more complicated than it is in fluid turbulence.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
title: Digital Transformation of Science: AI-Assisted Collaborative Reading and Evaluation
Creators: name: Buchmann, Jan
name: Dycke, Nils
name: Zyska, Dennis
name: Gurevych, Iryna
name: Ubiquitous Knowledge Processing Lab, TU Darmstadt
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2023

description: Peer review is a common instrument of quality control in the academic world. New scientific knowledge is only accepted and, in many cases, only published when it has passed this barrier. However, in its current state, peer review has shortcomings, as it is time-intense and often unreliable. To help make peer reviewing faster and more reliable, and to give guidance in this process to young researchers, we are developing CARE (Collaborative Augmented Reading Environment, formerly PEER), an Artificial Intelligence (AI) assisted software to support researchers in the annotation phase of reading and evaluation of scientific publications. To provide the maximum benefit to researchers from any field, we design CARE to adapt to (i) the user, (ii) the domain of research, and (iii) the document at hand. This report first introduces the CARE software tool in greater detail. It then presents the setup and results of two studies performed at the Center for Advanced Internet Studies (CAIS), a survey and a user study. These had the aim to elucidate the requirements of the CAIS community members in CARE, and to test the usability of the software. The report summarizes the main findings, showing that the tool is useful to the study participants, and provides an outlook on the future of CARE.
Molecular Mechanisms by Which Estrogen Causes Ovarian Epithelial Cell Dysplasia
Creators: name: Vuong, Nhung
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2018
Subjects: Ovarian Cancer
Estrogen
Epithelial Cell Dysplasia
Molecular Signalling
Disabled-2
Single-cell RNA Sequencing

description: The initiating events of ovarian cancer remain unknown, but an established risk factor is use of estrogen therapy by post-menopausal women where there is a positive correlation between duration of use and risk for disease. Mouse models of ovarian cancer have shown that exposure to exogenous 17β-estradiol (E2) accelerates tumour onset so this study aims to investigate the E2 signalling mechanisms responsible for sensitizing ovarian epithelial cells to transformation. By developing model systems that are responsive to E2 manipulation, we showed that E2 induces the formation of epithelial dysplasias both in vitro and in vivo. microRNA microarray was used to discover that E2 up-regulates microRNA-378 via the ESR1 pathway, resulting in the down-regulation of a tumour suppressor gene called Disabled-2 (Dab2). E2 suppression of Dab2 was found to result in increased proliferation, loss of contact inhibition, epithelial dysplasia, and increased sensitivity to transformation. This mechanism was also found to be active in mouse fallopian tube epithelium and human ovarian cancer cells. Single-cell RNA sequencing and trajectory analysis was subsequently used to explore additional signalling mechanisms that might contribute to the emergence of dysplastic lesions induced by E2. Multiple molecular signalling pathways dysregulated by E2 were identified and this revealed several possible biomarkers to be investigated for early detection of ovarian cancer. In the context of a current lack of strategies for ovarian cancer prevention or early detection, this work represents a significant advance in our understanding of how E2 promotes ovarian cancer initiation.
Atti della Tavola rotonda su «Le conseguenze della pedonalizzazione nei centri urbani: aspetti economico-estimativi, tecnici, urbanistici e sociali»: Una osservazione sociologica ed altra estimativa in tema di pedonalizzazione nei centri urbani
Creators: name: Misseri, Salvatore Corrado
Publisher: name: Aestimum
Year: 2009

description: Aestimum, Aestimum 23/24 (1990)
Girtyspira inflata Yoo 1994, n.sp.
Creators: name: Yoo, E. K.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1994
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Acteoninidae
Girtyspira

description: Girtyspira inflata n.sp. PI. 19 figs 9-11 Description. Shell very small, thick, canaliculate fusiform, anomphalous. Protoconch of smooth, simple. Teleoconch of 4Y:z smooth whorls, whorl profile very gently arched; but with a narrow flattened shoulder, close to upper suture; angular, shallow suture formed between shoulder and whorl; base considerably extended. Aperture elongate, anteriorly extended with siphonal notch, columellar lip arcuate; adapical channel of aperture angled. [table omitted] [table omitted] Types. Holotype (F78515) and 1 figured paratype (F78516). Type locality. 'Lorrina' homestead, 8 km south-west Somerton, NSW (Locality 23). Stratigraphic position. In bioclastic limestone, upper part of the Namoi Formation. Additional material. 2 more specimens from lhe type locality and 3 unfigured specimens from Swains Gully, 15 km south-west of Somerton, NSW (Locality 25). Geographic distribution. Swains Gully area. Geological age. Middle to late Tournaisian. Etymology. Derived from the Latin inflatus meaning swollen. Remarks. This is only species so far referred to Girtyspira in Australia. Girtyspira inflata n.sp. has more canaliculate whorl shoulders and more inflated last whorl than the type species Girtyspira canaliculata (Hall).
description: Published as part of Yoo, E. K., 1994, Early Carboniferous Gastropoda from the Tamworth Belt, New South Wales, Australia, pp. 63-120 in Records of the Australian Museum 46 (1) on page 88, DOI: 10.3853/j.0067-1975.46.1994.18, http://zenodo.org/record/4654599