Crocidura dsinezumi Temminck 1842
Creators: name: Mittermeier, Russell A.
name: Wilson, Don E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Soricomorpha
Soricidae
Crocidura
Crocidura dsinezumi

description: 254. Dsinezumi White-toothed Shrew <i>Crocidura dsinezuma</i> <b>French:</b> Crocidure du Japon / <b>German:</b> Dsinezumi-Weifl3zahnspitzmaus / <b>Spanish:</b> Musarana de Dsinezumi <b>Other common names:</b> Dsinezumi Shrew, Japanese White-toothed Shrew <b>Taxonomy.</b> Crocidura dsinezumi Temminck, 1842, no type locality given. Restricted by H. Abe in 1967 to Kyushu, Japan. Previously considered to include C. orias a subspecies. Closely related to C. tanakae kurodai of Taiwan and C. lasiura of Russia. The forms chisai, intermedia, and okinoshimae were previously treated as its subspecies, but all are indistinguishable based on either morphological or molecular data and are now considered to be junior synonyms. Sorex umbrinus was considered a race of C. dsinezumi butits type locality is unknown, and its taxonomic status has been left unresolved; it might represent an undescribed subspecies. Monotypic. <b>Distribution.</b> Originally endemic to Japan, and mainly distributed in Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu; it has been found in other small islands including Sado, Oki Is, Mishima, Okinoshima (Fukuoka Prefecture), Tanegashima, Yakushima, Nakanoshima (Tokara Is), and Izu Is. Introduced to Hokkaido and Jeju I (South Korea). <b>Descriptive notes.</b> Head-body 61-84 mm, tail 39-54 mm, ear 10-10-5 mm, hindfoot 11-5-15 mm. No specific data are available for body weight. Condylo-incisive length 16-7-21-6 mm, tooth row 7-:2-9-1 mm. The Dsinezumi White-toothed Shrew is a small shrew and the sole Crocidura species in Kyushu, Honshu, Shikoku, and Hokkaido. Tail is usually shorter than 70% of head—body length, the bristle hair scattering along the basal half of tail. Dorsal pelage is between grayish pale bister and clove brown, and ventrum is between drab and brown in winter; in summer, dorsal pelage is snuff brown or clove brown, and ventrum is buffy brown or hair brown. Skull with broad and robust facial portion; braincase is long and narrow. Upper tooth row short; the first upper unicuspid is twice as long as the third; the second and third upper unicuspids are half as low as the first; third unicuspid slightly larger than, or subequal to the second. Paracone of upper premolar usually not exceeding the line connecting the tips of second and third unicuspids. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 40 and FNa = 52. <b>Habitat.</b> Occurs from sea level up to 1900 m. Found along riverbanks and waterfronts, and in bushes around cultivated land at low-lying elevations. At middle to high elevations, found along riverbanks, in open grassland, and occasionally in broadleaf forests. It was found sympatrically distributed with Sorex species, and Japanese Shrew Moles (Urotrichus talpoides) in mid-elevational montane areas. Ural owls (Strix uralensis), Japanese mamushi pit vipers (Gloydius), and feral cats are recorded predators. <b>Food and Feeding.</b> The Dsinezumi White-toothed Shrew is insectivorous. Its diet is primarily composed of small insects (Coleoptera and Hymenoptera), spiders, and centipedes, but also includes crustaceans and earthworms. <b>Breeding.</b> Mating system is unknown. Reproductive season appears to be from April to October, when testis size is developed. Gestation period is 28-9 days on average (26-33) in captivity. Litter size was reported to be 1-5 in the wild, and 1-4 in captivity. <b>Activity patterns.</b> Terrestrial. <b>Movements, Home range and Social organization.</b> No information. <b>Status and Conservation.</b> Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. There is no serious threat to this species. Population appears to be large and stable. As it adapts well to cultivated land, the population is unlikely to be declining. <b>Bibliography.</b> Abe (1967), Dubey, Salamin et al. (2008), Motokawa (2003b), Ohdachi et al. (2009), Ruedi et al. (1993).
description: Published as part of <i>Russell A. Mittermeier &amp; Don E. Wilson, 2018, Soricidae, pp. 332-551 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 8 Insectivores, Sloths and Colugos, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions</i> on pages 484-485, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6870843