cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On the speed of wave packets and the nonlinear Schrödinger equation
Creators: name: Kozyreff, Gregory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The universal theory of weakly nonlinear wave packets given by the nonlinear Schrödinger equation is revisited. In the limit where the group and phase velocities are very close together, a multiple scale analysis carried out beyond all orders reveals that a single soliton, bright or dark, can travel at a different speed than the group velocity. In an exponentially small but finite range of parameters, the envelope of the soliton is locked to the rapid oscillations of the carrier wave. Eventually, the dynamics is governed by an equation anologous to that of a pendulum, in which the center of mass of the soliton is subjected to a periodic potential. Consequently, the soliton speed is not constant and generally contains a periodic component. Furthermore, the interaction between two distant solitons can in principle be profoundly altered by the aforementioned effective periodic potential and we conjecture the existence of new bound states. These results are derived on a wide class of wave models and in such a general way that they are believed to be of universal validity.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures
Spatial Disassociation of Disrupted Functional Connectivity for the Default Mode Network in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease
Creators: name: Jiang, Guihua
name: Tian, Junzhang
name: Zhan, Wenfeng
name: Wu, Zhanhong
name: Ma, Xiaofen
name: Zong, Xiaopeng
name: Dong, Jianwei
name: Xu, Yikai
name: Li, Zibo
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: To investigate the aberrant functional connectivity of the default mode network (DMN) in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and their clinical relevance.
AT2021acak: a candidate tidal disruption event found in the Zwicky Transient Facility survey
Creators: name: Li, Jie
name: Wang, Zhongxiang
name: Zheng, Dong
name: Zhang, Jujia
name: Zhu, Litao
name: Chen, Zhangyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a candidate tidal disruption event (TDE) found in the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) survey data. This candidate, with its transient name AT2021acak, showed brightness increases of $\sim$1\,mag around MJD~59500 and subsequent power-law--like brightness declines. We have conducted multiple optical spectroscopic observations with the 2.4-m Lijiang telescope and one observation at X-ray and ultraviolet (UV) bands with the {\it Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory (Swift)}. The optical spectra of the source show broad H and He emission line and Fe emission features. Possible 0.3--2\,keV X-ray and bright UV emission of the source was detected. We analyze the declines of the optical light curves, the emission features of the optical spectra, and the constructed broad-band UV and optical spectrum. The properties derived from the analyses are consistent with those of reported (candidate) TDEs, and in particular very similar to those of ASASSN-18jd. The identification is complicated by the host being likely an AGN, and thus further observations of the event and quiescent host are required in order to have a clear understanding of the nature of this transient event.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in RAA
Reuse Detector: Improving the Management of STT-RAM SLLCs
Creators: name: RodrÍguez-RodrÍguez, Roberto
name: DÍaz, Javier
name: Castro, Fernando
name: IbÁÑez, Pablo
name: Chaver, Daniel
name: ViÑals, Víctor
name: Saez, Juan Carlos
name: Prieto-Matias, Manuel
name: Pinuel, Luis
name: Monreal, Teresa
name: LlaberÍa, Jose María
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Various constraints of Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) are leading to consider new memory technologies as candidates for building on-chip shared last-level caches (SLLCs). Spin-Transfer Torque RAM (STT-RAM) is currently postulated as the prime contender due to its better energy efficiency, smaller die footprint and higher scalability. However, STT-RAM also exhibits some drawbacks, like slow and energy-hungry write operations, that need to be mitigated. In this work we address these shortcomings by leveraging a new management mechanism for STT-RAM SLLCs. This approach is based on the previous observation that the stream of references arriving at the SLLC of a Chip MultiProcessor (CMP) exhibits reuse locality, i.e., those blocks referenced several times manifest high probability of forthcoming reuse. In this paper, we employ a cache management mechanism that selects the contents of the SLLC aimed to exploit reuse locality instead of temporal locality. Specifically, our proposal consists in the inclusion of a Reuse Detector between private cache levels and the STT-RAM SLLC to detect blocks that do not exhibit reuse, in order to avoid their insertion in the SLLC, hence reducing the number of write operations and the energy consumption in the STT-RAM. Our evaluation reveals that our scheme reports on average, energy reductions in the SLLC in the range of 37-30\%, additional energy savings in the main memory in the range of 6-8\% and performance improvements of 3\% up to 14\% (16-core) compared to an STT-RAM SLLC baseline where no reuse detector is employed. More importantly, our approach outperforms DASCA, the state-of-the-art STT-RAM SLLC management, reporting SLLC energy savings in the range of 4-11\% higher than those of DASCA, delivering higher performance in the range of 1.5-14\%, and additional improvements in DRAM energy consumption in the range of 2-9\% higher than DASCA.
Nonlinear Schrödinger equation on the half-line without a conserved number of solitons
Creators: name: Caudrelier, Vincent
name: Crampe, Nicolas
name: Ragoucy, Eric
name: Zhang, Cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the phenomena of absorption/emission of solitons by an integrable boundary for the nonlinear Schrödinger equation on the half-line. This is based on the investigation of time-dependent reflection matrices which satisfy the boundary zero curvature equation. In particular, this leads to absorption/emission processes at the boundary that can take place for solitons and higher-order solitons. As a consequence, the usual charges on the half-line are no longer conserved but we show explicitly how to restore an infinite set of conserved quantities by taking the boundary into account. The Hamiltonian description and Poisson structure of the model are presented, which allows us to derive for the first time a classical version of the boundary algebra used originally in the context of the quantum nonlinear Schrödinger equation.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures. Authors' accepted version in Physica D
New Results on Nyldon Words and Nyldon-like Sets
Creators: name: Garg, Swapnil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A05, 68R15, 08A50, 20M05

description: Grinberg defined Nyldon words as those words which cannot be factorized into a sequence of lexicographically nondecreasing smaller Nyldon words. He was inspired by Lyndon words, defined the same way except with "nondecreasing" replaced by "nonincreasing." Charlier, Philibert, and Stipulanti proved that, like Lyndon words, any word has a unique nondecreasing factorization into Nyldon words. They also show that the Nyldon words form a right Lazard set, and equivalently, a right Hall set. In this paper, we provide a new proof of unique factorization into Nyldon words related to Hall set theory and resolve several questions of Charlier et al. In particular, we prove that Nyldon words of a fixed length form a circular code, we prove a result on factorizing powers of words into Nyldon words, and we investigate the Lazard procedure for generating Nyldon words. We show that these results generalize to a new class of Hall sets, of which Nyldon words are an example, that we name "Nyldon-like sets."
description: 27 pages; incorporated reviewer comments
Open-set Face Recognition using Ensembles trained on Clustered Data
Creators: name: Vareto, Rafael Henrique
name: Schwartz, William Robson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Open-set face recognition describes a scenario where unknown subjects, unseen during the training stage, appear on test time. Not only it requires methods that accurately identify individuals of interest, but also demands approaches that effectively deal with unfamiliar faces. This work details a scalable open-set face identification approach to galleries composed of hundreds and thousands of subjects. It is composed of clustering and an ensemble of binary learning algorithms that estimates when query face samples belong to the face gallery and then retrieves their correct identity. The approach selects the most suitable gallery subjects and uses the ensemble to improve prediction performance. We carry out experiments on well-known LFW and YTF benchmarks. Results show that competitive performance can be achieved even when targeting scalability.
description: [Original paper title: Unconstrained Face Identification using Ensembles trained on Clustered Data] [2020 IEEE International Joint Conference on Biometrics (IJCB)] [https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9304882]
title: Stellt der Fragebogen zur Erfassung der Belastung Krebskranker (FBK-R10) ein valides Screeninginstrument zur Identifizierung belasteter Patienten nach rad. Prostatektomie (RPE) dar und beeinflusst es das Outcome?
Creators: name: Brock, Oliver
name: Butea-Bocu, Marius Cristian
name: Müller, Guido
name: Otto, Ullrich
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Fragestellung: Korreliert die Inanspruchnahme eines psychologischen Gespräches (PSY) während der AHB Maßnahme mit dem Score des FBK-R10 zur Aufnahme und weisen Patienten nach Inanspruchnahme ein besseres funktionelles Ergebnis verglichen mit im FBK-R10 zwar als belastet identifizierten[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 65. Kongress der Nordrhein-Westfälischen Gesellschaft für Urologie
Geant4 simulation of the PSI LEM beam line: energy loss and muonium formation in thin foils and the impact of unmoderated muons on the $μ$SR spectrometer
Creators: name: Khaw, Kim Siang
name: Antognini, Aldo
name: Crivelli, Paolo
name: Kirch, Klaus
name: Morenzoni, Elvezio
name: Salman, Zaher
name: Suter, Andreas
name: Prokscha, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The PSI low-energy $μ$SR spectrometer is an instrument dedicated to muon spin rotation and relaxation measurements. Knowledge of the muon beam parameters such as spatial, kinetic energy and arrival-time distributions at the sample position are important ingredients to analyze the $μ$SR spectra. We present here the measured energy losses in the thin carbon foil of the muon start detector deduced from time-of-flight measurements. Muonium formation in the thin carbon foil (10 nm thickness) of the muon start detector also affect the measurable decay asymmetry and therefore need to be accounted for. Muonium formation and energy losses in the start detector, whose relevance increase with decreasing muon implantation energy ($<10$ keV), have been implemented in Geant4 Monte Carlo simulation to reproduce the measured time-of-flight spectra. Simulated and measured time-of-flight and beam spot agrees only if a small fraction of so called "unmoderated" muons which contaminate the mono-energetic muon beam of the $μ$SR spectrometer is introduced. Moreover the sensitivity of the beam size and related upstream-downstream asymmetry for a specially shaped "nose" sample plate has been studied for various beam line settings, which is of relevance for the study of thermal muonium emission into vacuum from mesoporous silica at cryogenic temperatures.
description: Paper submitted to JINST for review on 15th Jun 2015
Gender Construction THrough Play: A lens of Queer THeory and Feminist Post-Structuralism
Creators: name: Mula, Allison
name: Jackson, Jeanne
name: Kantartzis, Sarah
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Gender
Gender construction
Gender identity
Play
Social construction

description: This is a poster presentation given at the 2022 inaugural World Occupational Science Conference. This presentation facilitated noval dialog between the researcher and viewers about gender construction in play and an explanation of the theoretical basis. As there was an animation attached to the poster through the QR code at the bottom right, viewers were able to listen and view the poster in animated form on YouTube.
description: {"references": ["https://drive.google.com/file/d/1xPf6MXL2S8DcTnlimkwW_IuC6kKgf0-N/view?usp=drivesdk"]}
Evolution of hyperfine parameters across a quantum critical point in CeRhIn$_5$
Creators: name: Lin, C. H.
name: Shirer, K. R.
name: Crocker, J.
name: Dioguardi, A. P.
name: Lawson, M. M.
name: Bush, B. T.
name: Klavins, P.
name: Curro, N. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) data for both the In(1) and In(2) sites in the heavy fermion material CeRhIn$_5$ under hydrostatic pressure. The Knight shift data reveal a suppression of the hyperfine coupling to the In(1) site as a function of pressure, and the electric field gradient, $ν_{αα}$, at the In(2) site exhibits a change of slope, $dν_{αα}/dP$, at $P_{c1} = 1.75$ GPa. These changes to these coupling constants reflect alterations to the electronic structure at the quantum critical point.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. B
Resolvent estimates, wave decay, and resonance-free regions for star-shaped waveguides
Creators: name: Christiansen, T. J.
name: Datchev, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using coordinates $(x,y)\in \mathbb R\times \mathbb R^{d-1}$, we introduce the notion that an unbounded domain in $\mathbb R^d$ is star shaped with respect to $x=\pm \infty$. For such domains, we prove estimates on the resolvent of the Dirichlet Laplacian near the continuous spectrum. When the domain has infinite cylindrical ends, this has consequences for wave decay and resonance-free regions. Our results also cover examples beyond the star-shaped case, including scattering by a strictly convex obstacle inside a straight planar waveguide.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures
Staff Nurses’ Perceptions and Experiences about Structural Empowerment: A Qualitative Phenomenological Study
Creators: name: Van Bogaert, Peter
name: Dilles, Tinne
name: Havens, Donna Sullivan
name: Van Heusden, Danny
name: Diltour, Nadine
name: Van Rompaey, Bart
name: Peremans, Lieve
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The aim of the study reported in this article was to investigate staff nurses’ perceptions and experiences about structural empowerment and perceptions regarding the extent to which structural empowerment supports safe quality patient care. To address the complex needs of patients, staff nurse involvement in clinical and organizational decision-making processes within interdisciplinary care settings is crucial. A qualitative study was conducted using individual semi-structured interviews of 11 staff nurses assigned to medical or surgical units in a 600-bed university hospital in Belgium. During the study period, the hospital was going through an organizational transformation process to move from a classic hierarchical and departmental organizational structure to one that was flat and interdisciplinary. Staff nurses reported experiencing structural empowerment and they were willing to be involved in decision-making processes primarily about patient care within the context of their practice unit. However, participants were not always fully aware of the challenges and the effect of empowerment on their daily practice, the quality of care and patient safety. Ongoing hospital change initiatives supported staff nurses’ involvement in decision-making processes for certain matters but for some decisions, a classic hierarchical and departmental process still remained. Nurses perceived relatively high work demands and at times viewed empowerment as presenting additional. Staff nurses recognized the opportunities structural empowerment provided within their daily practice. Nurse managers and unit climate were seen as crucial for success while lack of time and perceived work demands were viewed as barriers to empowerment.
Ground States of the $ϕ^4$ Double-Well QFT
Creators: name: Liu, Hui
name: Zhou, Yao
name: Evslin, Jarah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At second order in perturbation theory, we find the ground states of the $ϕ^4$ double-well quantum field theory in 1+1 dimensions. The operators which create these ground states from the free vacuum are constructed explicitly at this order, as is the operator which interpolates between the ground states. As a warm up we perform the analogous calculation in quantum mechanics, where the true ground state is unique but in perturbation theory there are also two ground states.
description: 16 pages, no figures, v2: Important reference added
title: Einfluss von Tamoxifen, Clomifen und Anastrozol auf das Spermiogramm bei Patienten mit idiopathischer Oligoastenoteratozoospermie
Creators: name: Paffenholz, Pia
name: Votteler, Sinje
name: Herden, Jan
name: Nazari, Sassan
name: Nestler, Tim
name: Zey, Silke
name: Heidenreich, Axel
name: Denil, Johan
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Einleitung: Die idiopathische Oligoastenoteratozoospermie (OAT-Syndrom) ist eine häufigste Ursache von männlicher Infertilität. Das Ziel dieser Studie war die Analyse von Spermiogramm-Veränderungen unter Verwendung der Östrogen-Antagonisten Tamoxifen, Clomifen und Anastrozol[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 65. Kongress der Nordrhein-Westfälischen Gesellschaft für Urologie
Benign Shortcut for Debiasing: Fair Visual Recognition via Intervention with Shortcut Features
Creators: name: Zhang, Yi
name: Sang, Jitao
name: Wang, Junyang
name: Jiang, Dongmei
name: Wang, Yaowei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine learning models often learn to make predictions that rely on sensitive social attributes like gender and race, which poses significant fairness risks, especially in societal applications, such as hiring, banking, and criminal justice. Existing work tackles this issue by minimizing the employed information about social attributes in models for debiasing. However, the high correlation between target task and these social attributes makes learning on the target task incompatible with debiasing. Given that model bias arises due to the learning of bias features (\emph{i.e}., gender) that help target task optimization, we explore the following research question: \emph{Can we leverage shortcut features to replace the role of bias feature in target task optimization for debiasing?} To this end, we propose \emph{Shortcut Debiasing}, to first transfer the target task's learning of bias attributes from bias features to shortcut features, and then employ causal intervention to eliminate shortcut features during inference. The key idea of \emph{Shortcut Debiasing} is to design controllable shortcut features to on one hand replace bias features in contributing to the target task during the training stage, and on the other hand be easily removed by intervention during the inference stage. This guarantees the learning of the target task does not hinder the elimination of bias features. We apply \emph{Shortcut Debiasing} to several benchmark datasets, and achieve significant improvements over the state-of-the-art debiasing methods in both accuracy and fairness.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2211.01253
Analytic solutions of neutral hyperbolic black holes with scalar hair
Creators: name: Ren, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find analytic solutions of hyperbolic black holes with scalar hair in anti-de Sitter (AdS) space, and they do not have spherical or planar counterparts. The system is obtained by taking a neutral limit of an Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton system whose special cases are maximal gauged supergravities, while the dilaton is kept nontrivial. There are phase transitions between these black holes and the hyperbolic Schwarzschild-AdS black hole. We discuss two AdS/CFT applications of these hyperbolic black holes. One is phase transitions of holographic Renyi entropies, and the other is phase transitions of quantum field theories in de Sitter space. In addition, we give a C-metric solution as a generalization of the hyperbolic black holes with scalar hair.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures, REVTeX 4.2; v2: minor corrections; v3,4: improved and extended version; v5: published version
Can Back-Reaction Prevent Eternal Inflation?
Creators: name: Brandenberger, Robert
name: Costa, Renato
name: Franzmann, Guilherme
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects which the back-reaction of long wavelength fluctuations exert on stochastic inflation. In the cases of power-law and Starobinsky inflation these effects are too weak to terminate the stochastic growth of the inflaton field. However, in the case of the cyclic Ekpyrotic scenario, the back-reaction effects prevent the unlimited growth of the scalar field.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures
Disentangling genetic from environmental effects on phenotypic variability of southern rock lobster (Jasus edwardsii) postlarvae
Creators: name: Villacorta-Rath, C
name: Green, BS
name: Gardner, C
name: Murphy, Nicholas
name: Souza, CA
name: Strugnell, Jan
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3104
subject: Evolutionary biology
classificationCode: 3103
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
classificationCode: 4102
subject: Ecological applications

description: Environmental conditions experienced during the larval dispersal of marine organisms can determine the size-at-settlement of recruits. It is, therefore, not uncommon that larvae undergoing different dispersal histories would exhibit phenotypic variability at recruitment. Here, we investigated morphological differences in recently settled southern rock lobster (Jasus edwardsii) recruits, known as pueruli, along a latitudinal and temporal gradient on the east coast of Tasmania, Australia. We further explored whether natural selection could be driving morphological variation. We used double digest restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (ddRADseq) to assess differences in the genetic structure of recently settled recruits on the east coast of Tasmania over 3 months of peak settlement during 2012 (August–October). Phenotypic differences in pueruli between sites and months of settlement were observed, with significantly smaller individuals found at the northernmost site. Also, there was a lack of overall genetic divergence; however, significant differences in pairwise FST values between settlement months were observed at the southernmost study site, located at an area of confluence of ocean currents. Specifically, individuals settling into the southernmost earlier in the season were genetically different from those settling later. The lack of overall genetic divergence in the presence of phenotypic variation indicates that larval environmental history during the dispersal of J. edwardsii could be a possible driver of the resulting phenotype of settlers.
Additional file 2 of Identifying ADGRG1 as a specific marker for tumor-reactive T cells in acute myeloid leukemia
Creators: name: Mei, Yihan
name: Liu, Yu
name: Liu, Wenbing
name: Chen, Manling
name: Liu, Xiaoyu
name: Wang, Shangshang
name: Mou, Junli
name: Xing, Haiyan
name: Tang, Kejing
name: Tian, Zheng
name: Rao, Qing
name: Wang, Min
name: Gu, Runxia
name: Qiu, Shaowei
name: Wang, Jianxiang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplementary Material 2
Distributivity between extended nullnorms and uninorms on fuzzy truth values
Creators: name: Liu, Zhi-qiang
name: Wang, Xue-ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper mainly investigates the distributive laws between extended nullnorms and uninorms on fuzzy truth values under the condition that the nullnorm is conditionally distributive over the uninorm. It presents the distributive laws between the extended nullnorm and t-conorm, and the left and right distributive laws between the extended generalization nullnorm and uninorm, where a generalization nullnorm is an operator from the class of aggregation operators with absorbing element that generalizes a nullnorm.
description: 20
On the Chudakov effect for the most probable value of high-energy electron-positron pair ionization loss in thin targets
Creators: name: Trofymenko, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ionization loss of a high-energy electron-positron pair in thin targets is considered. The analogue of the Landau distribution function is derived for this loss under the condition when the Chudakov effect of the pair ionization loss suppression is manifested. Expression for the most probable value of the pair ionization loss $E_{MP}$ is obtained. It is shown that the magnitude of Chudakov effect for $E_{MP}$ can be noticeably different from the magnitude of this effect for the restricted mean value of the pair ionization loss.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
Academic wages and pyramid schemes: a mathematical model
Creators: name: Erlinger, Alice
name: McCann, Robert J.
name: Shi, Xianwen
name: Siow, Aloysius
name: Wolthoff, Ronald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 91B66

description: This paper analyzes a steady state matching model interrelating the education and labor sectors. In this model, a heterogeneous population of students match with teachers to enhance their cognitive skills. As adults, they then choose to become workers, managers, or teachers, who match in the labor or educational market to earn wages by producing output. We study the competitive equilibrium which results from the steady state requirement that the educational process replicate the same endogenous distribution of cognitive skills among adults in each generation (assuming the same distribution of student skills). We show such an equilibrium can be found by solving an infinite-dimensional linear program and its dual. We analyze the structure of our solutions, and give sufficient conditions for them to be unique. Whether or not the educational matching is positive assortative turns out to depend on convexity of the equilibrium wages as a function of ability, suitably parameterized; we identity conditions which imply this convexity. Moreover, due to the recursive nature of the education market, it is a priori conceivable that a pyramid scheme leads to greater and greater discrepancies in the wages of the most talented teachers at the top of the market. Assuming each teacher teaches $N$ students, and contributes a fraction $θ\in]0,1[$ to their cognitive skill, we show a phase transition occurs at $Nθ=1$, which determines whether or not the wage gradients of these teachers remain bounded as market size grows, and make a quantitative prediction for their asymptotic behaviour in both regimes: $Nθ\ge 1$ and $Nθ<1$.
description: 45 pages
On the equivalence of approximate stationary axially symmetric solutions of Einstein field equations
Creators: name: Boshkayev, Kuantay
name: Quevedo, Hernando
name: Toktarbay, Saken
name: Zhami, Bakytzhan
name: Abishev, Medeu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study stationary axially symmetric solutions of the Einstein vacuum field equations that can be used to describe the gravitational field of astrophysical compact objects in the limiting case of slow rotation and slight deformation. We derive explicitly the exterior Sedrakyan-Chubaryan approximate solution, and express it in analytical form, which makes it practical in the context of astrophysical applications. In the limiting case of vanishing angular momentum, the solution reduces to the well-known Schwarzschild solution in vacuum. We demonstrate that the new solution is equivalent to the exterior Hartle-Thorne solution. We establish the mathematical equivalence between the Sedrakyan-Chubaryan, Fock-Abdildin and Hartle-Thorne formalisms.
description: 8 pages
Factorization Homology and 4D TQFT
Creators: name: Kirillov, Alexander
name: Tham, Ying Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In [BK], it is shown that the Turaev-Viro invariants defined for a spherical fusion category $\mathcal{A}$ extends to invariants of 3-manifolds with corners. In [Kir], an equivalent formulation for the 2-1 part of the theory (2-manifolds with boundary) is described using the space of "stringnets with boundary conditions" as the vector spaces associated to 2-manifolds with boundary. Here we construct a similar theory for the 3-2 part of the 4-3-2 theory in [CY1993].
description: 34 pages
What should researchers do in future to choose their pilot trial sample size? A protocol for a modified Delphi study
Creators: name: Eddy, Saskia
name: Lancaster, Gillian
name: Robinson, Clare
name: Eldridge, Sandra
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistics and Probability
subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
subject: Other Statistics and Probability
subject: Clinical Trials
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Applied Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Biostatistics
subject: clinical trial methodology
subject: clinical trials
subject: feasibility
subject: feasibility study
subject: feasibility trial
subject: PAFS
subject: pilot
subject: pilot study
subject: pilot trial
subject: sample size

description: Many health research methodologists have suggested methods to justify the sample size of pilot trials. However, the pilot trial sample size justification methods published to date are within many different journals, making it challenging to locate the available guidance. Even after locating the guidance publications, the sample size justification methods can be inaccessible without sufficient statistical knowledge. To assist health researchers we propose to conduct a modified Delphi study to summarise the available guidance and provide clarity regarding the methods that health researchers could use when justifying their planned sample size for their external randomised controlled pilot trials.
Stage-Specific MicroRNAs and Their Role in the Anticancer Effects of Calorie Restriction in a Rat Model of ER-Positive Luminal Breast Cancer
Creators: name: Mambo, Elizabeth
name: Lebourgeois, Paul
name: Devlin, Kaylyn L.
name: Sanford, Tiffany
name: Harrison, Lauren M.
name: Hursting, Stephen D.
name: Lashinger, Laura M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: MicroRNAs have emerged as ubiquitous post-transcriptional regulators that coordinate many fundamental processes within cells, including those commonly linked to cancer when dysregulated. Profiling microRNAs across stages of cancer progression provides focus as to which microRNAs are key players in cancer development and are therefore important to manipulate with interventions to delay cancer onset and progression. Calorie restriction is one of the most effective preventive interventions across many types of cancer, although its effects on microRNAs have not been well characterized. We used the dimethylbenz[a]-anthracene-induced model of luminal mammary cancer in Sprague Dawley rats to elucidate which microRNAs are linked to progression in this type of cancer and, subsequently, to study how calorie restriction affects such microRNAs. We identified eight microRNAs (miR-10a, miR-10b, miR-21, miR-124, miR-125b, miR-126, miR-145 and miR-200a) to be associated with DMBA-induced mammary tumor progression. Calorie restriction, which greatly increased tumor-free survival and decreased the overall size of tumors that did develop, significantly decreased the expression of one microRNA, miR-200a, which was positively associated with tumor progression. We further showed that inhibition of miR-200a function, mimicking the effect of calorie restriction on this microRNA, inhibited proliferation in both rat (LA7) and human (MCF7) luminal mammary cancer cell lines. These findings present, for the first time, a stage-specific profile of microRNAs in a rodent model of luminal mammary cancer. Furthermore, we have identified the regulation of miR-200a, a microRNA that is positively associated with progression in this model, as a possible mechanism contributing to the anticancer effects of calorie restriction.
Reduced Tensor Product on the Drinfeld Center
Creators: name: Tham, Ying Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The annulus comes with a "stacking" operation which glues two annuli into one. This provides a tensor product structure on the category of boundary values $Z_{\text{CY}}(\text{Ann})$ associated to the annulus in an extended Crane-Yetter TQFT. It is known that $Z_{\text{CY}}(\text{Ann}) \simeq \mathcal{Z}(\mathcal{A})$, the Drinfeld center of the premodular category $\mathcal{A}$ from which $Z_{\text{CY}}$ is constructed. We give an explicit formula for the tensor product on $\mathcal{Z}(\mathcal{A})$ that corresponds to the stacking operation on $Z_{\text{CY}}(\text{Ann})$.
description: update: revision for resubmission
Additional file 1 of COVID-19 inequalities in England: a mathematical modelling study of transmission risk and clinical vulnerability by socioeconomic status
Creators: name: Goodfellow, Lucy
name: van Leeuwen, Edwin
name: Eggo, Rosalind M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Median ages. Table S1. Proportion of population residing in urban LSOAs. Fig. S2. Projected contact matrices and age-specific total daily contacts. Fig. S3. Age-specific health statuses. Table S2. Overall health prevalence in each IMD decile. Table S3. Age-specific health prevalence and clinical fraction estimates for the general population of England. Table S4. Age-specific infection fatality ratios, clinical fractions, and corresponding clinical mortality probabilities. Fig. S4. Infections and cumulative clinical cases over the epidemic. Fig. S5. Measures of size of a COVID-19 epidemic in each IMD decile, assuming a constant age structure. Fig. S6. Deaths occurring in each age group which are prevented in the case of underlying health equity. Fig. S8. Mortality under varying school closure implementation thresholds. Fig. S9. The reduction in R0 after school closures, with health prevalence or age structure held constant. Fig. S10. Sensitivity analysis of the dependence of clinical fraction on underlying health varies. Fig. S11. Sensitivity analysis of relative subclinical infectiousness. Fig. S12. Sensitivity analysis of the length of the epidemiological periods. Fig. S13. Infection-related effects of vaccinating over 65 year olds. Fig. S14. Relationship between the ranks of LSOAs in each IMD domain and health prevalence.
Extended Axion Dark Matter Search Using the CAPP18T Haloscope
Creators: name: Yang, Byeongsu
name: Yoon, Hojin
name: Ahn, Moohyun
name: Lee, Youngjae
name: Yoo, Jonghee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an extended search for the axion dark matter using the CAPP18T haloscope. The CAPP18T experiment adopts innovative technologies of a high-temperature superconducting magnet and a Josephson parametric converter. The CAPP18T detector was reconstructed after an unexpected incident of the high-temperature superconducting magnet quenching. The system reconstruction includes rebuilding the magnet, improving the impedance matching in the microwave chain, and mechanically readjusting the tuning rod to the cavity for improved thermal contact. The total system noise temperature is $\sim$0.6\,K. The coupling between the cavity and the strong antenna is maintained at $β\simeq 2$ to enhance the axion search scanning speed. The scan frequency range is from 4.8077 to 4.8181 GHz. No significant indication of the axion dark matter signature is observed. The results set the best upper bound of the axion-photon-photon coupling ($g_{aγγ}$) in the mass ranges of 19.883 to 19.926\,$μ$eV at $\sim$0.7$\times|g_{aγγ}^{\text{KSVZ}}|$ or $\sim$1.9$\times|g_{aγγ}^{\text{DFSZ}}|$ with 90\,\% confidence level. The results demonstrate that a reliable search of the high-mass dark matter axions can be achieved beyond the benchmark models using the technology adopted in CAPP18T.
description: 7 pages and 4 figures
Squashed entanglement in infinite dimensions
Creators: name: Shirokov, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse two possible definitions of the squashed entanglement in an infinite-dimensional bipartite system: direct translation of the finite-dimensional definition and its universal extension. It is shown that the both definitions produce the same lower semicontinuous entanglement measure possessing all basis properties of the squashed entanglement on the set of states having at least one finite marginal entropy. Is also shown that the second definition gives an adequate extension of this measure to the set of all states of infinite-dimensional bipartite system. A general condition relating continuity of the squashed entanglement to continuity of the quantum mutual information is proved and its corollaries are considered. Continuity bound for the squashed entanglement under the energy constraint on one subsystem is obtained by using the tight continuity bound for conditional mutual information (proved in the Appendix by using Winter's technique). It is shown that the same continuity bound is valid for the entanglement of formation. As a result the asymptotic continuity of the both entanglement measures under the energy constraint on one subsystem is proved.
description: 39 pages, some questions are unsolved, any comments are welcome, in v.2 continuity bounds for the squashed entanglement and for the entanglement of formation under the energy constraint on one subsystem are added, in v.3 remark about asymptotic continuity is added, in v.4 condition relating continuity of the squashed entanglement to continuity of the quantum mutual information is added
Strategies for Enriching Variant Coverage in Candidate Disease Loci on a Multiethnic Genotyping Array
Creators: name: James, Regina
name: Matise, Tara
name: Haessler, Jeffrey
name: Franceschini, Nora
name: Cheng, Iona
name: North, Kari E.
name: Martin, Alicia R.
name: Wojcik, Genevieve L.
name: Peters, Ulrike
name: Bustamante, Carlos D.
name: Kenny, Eimear E.
name: Buyske, Steven
name: Marchand, Loic Le
name: Carlson, Christopher S.
name: Zubair, Niha
name: Kooperberg, Charles L.
name: Haiman, Christopher A.
name: Kocarnik, Jonathan M.
name: Graff, Mariaelisa
name: Martin, Lisa W.
name: Hindorff, Lucia
name: Xia, Lucy
name: Loos, Ruth J. F.
name: Walker, Ryan W.
name: Gignoux, Christopher R.
name: Bien, Stephanie A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Investigating genetic architecture of complex traits in ancestrally diverse populations is imperative to understand the etiology of disease. However, the current paucity of genetic research in people of African and Latin American ancestry, Hispanic and indigenous peoples in the United States is likely to exacerbate existing health disparities for many common diseases. The Population Architecture using Genomics and Epidemiology, Phase II (PAGE II), Study was initiated in 2013 by the National Human Genome Research Institute to expand our understanding of complex trait loci in ethnically diverse and well characterized study populations. To meet this goal, the Multi-Ethnic Genotyping Array (MEGA) was designed to substantially improve fine-mapping and functional discovery by increasing variant coverage across multiple ethnicities at known loci for metabolic, cardiovascular, renal, inflammatory, anthropometric, and a variety of lifestyle traits. Studying the frequency distribution of clinically relevant mutations, putative risk alleles, and known functional variants across multiple populations will provide important insight into the genetic architecture of complex diseases and facilitate the discovery of novel, sometimes population-specific, disease associations. DNA samples from 51,650 self-identified African ancestry (17,328), Hispanic/Latino (22,379), Asian/Pacific Islander (8,640), and American Indian (653) and an additional 2,650 participants of either South Asian or European ancestry, and other reference panels have been genotyped on MEGA by PAGE II. MEGA was designed as a new resource for studying ancestrally diverse populations. Here, we describe the methodology for selecting trait-specific content for use in multi-ethnic populations and how enriching MEGA for this content may contribute to deeper biological understanding of the genetic etiology of complex disease.
MoCLIM: Towards Accurate Cancer Subtyping via Multi-Omics Contrastive Learning with Omics-Inference Modeling
Creators: name: Yang, Ziwei
name: Chen, Zheng
name: Matsubara, Yasuko
name: Sakurai, Yasushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Precision medicine fundamentally aims to establish causality between dysregulated biochemical mechanisms and cancer subtypes. Omics-based cancer subtyping has emerged as a revolutionary approach, as different level of omics records the biochemical products of multistep processes in cancers. This paper focuses on fully exploiting the potential of multi-omics data to improve cancer subtyping outcomes, and hence developed MoCLIM, a representation learning framework. MoCLIM independently extracts the informative features from distinct omics modalities. Using a unified representation informed by contrastive learning of different omics modalities, we can well-cluster the subtypes, given cancer, into a lower latent space. This contrast can be interpreted as a projection of inter-omics inference observed in biological networks. Experimental results on six cancer datasets demonstrate that our approach significantly improves data fit and subtyping performance in fewer high-dimensional cancer instances. Moreover, our framework incorporates various medical evaluations as the final component, providing high interpretability in medical analysis.
description: CIKM'23 Long/Full Papers
Topological Dirac Sigma Models and the Classical Master Equation
Creators: name: Chatzistavrakidis, Athanasios
name: Jonke, Larisa
name: Strobl, Thomas
name: Šimunić, Grgur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the construction of the classical Batalin-Vilkovisky action for topological Dirac sigma models. The latter are two-dimensional topological field theories that simultaneously generalise the completely gauged Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten model and the Poisson sigma model. Their underlying structure is that of Dirac manifolds associated to maximal isotropic and integrable subbundles of an exact Courant algebroid twisted by a 3-form. In contrast to the Poisson sigma model, the AKSZ construction is not applicable for the general Dirac sigma model. We therefore follow a direct approach for determining a suitable BV extension of the classical action functional with ghosts and antifields satisfying the classical master equation. Special attention is paid on target space covariance, which requires the introduction of two connections with torsion on the Dirac structure.
description: 1+25 pages
An Autoethnographic Case Study of Generative Artificial Intelligence's Utility for Accessibility
Creators: name: Glazko, Kate S
name: Yamagami, Momona
name: Desai, Aashaka
name: Mack, Kelly Avery
name: Potluri, Venkatesh
name: Xu, Xuhai
name: Mankoff, Jennifer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the recent rapid rise in Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) tools, it is imperative that we understand their impact on people with disabilities, both positive and negative. However, although we know that AI in general poses both risks and opportunities for people with disabilities, little is known specifically about GAI in particular. To address this, we conducted a three-month autoethnography of our use of GAI to meet personal and professional needs as a team of researchers with and without disabilities. Our findings demonstrate a wide variety of potential accessibility-related uses for GAI while also highlighting concerns around verifiability, training data, ableism, and false promises.