title: ÐÐ½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð· ÑÐµÐ³ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ¸Ð¸ ÑÐºÑÐ¿ÑÐµÑÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð³ÐµÐ½Ð¾Ð² Ð² Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑÐµ ÑÑÐ·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð·Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð·Ð°ÑÐ°Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð»ÑÐ½Ð°
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð±Ð°ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð°Ð²ÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Analysis of gene expression regulation during Fusarium infection of flax
Creators: name: Ð¡ÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ð½, ÐÐ»Ð°Ð´Ð¸ÑÐ»Ð°Ð²
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2023
Subjects: Ð»ÑÐ½
ÑÑÐ·Ð°ÑÐ¸ÑÐ¼
ÑÑÐ·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð·Ð½Ð¾Ðµ ÑÐ²ÑÐ´Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ
Ð²Ð·Ð°Ð¸Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ¹ÑÑÐ²Ð¸Ðµ Ñ Ð¾Ð·ÑÐ¸Ð½-Ð¿Ð°ÑÐ°Ð·Ð¸Ñ
Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÐµÑÐµÐ½ÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð°Ñ ÑÐºÑÐ¿ÑÐµÑÑÐ¸Ñ
Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÐµÑÐµÐ½ÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¸Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ
Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð· Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð³Ð°ÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¹
flax
Fusarium
Fusarium wilt
host-parasite interactions
differential expression
differential methylation
annotation enrichment analysis

description: Ð¤ÑÐ·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð·Ð½Ð¾Ðµ ÑÐ²ÑÐ´Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð»ÑÐ½Ð° - Ð°Ð³ÑÐµÑÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð·Ð°Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ, Ð²ÑÐ·ÑÐ²Ð°ÐµÐ¼Ð¾Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ²ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÐ¼ Ð³ÑÐ¸Ð±ÐºÐ¾Ð²ÑÐ¼ Ð¿Ð°ÑÐ¾Ð³ÐµÐ½Ð¾Ð¼ Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lini. ÐÐ½ÑÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ°ÐµÑ Ð² ÑÐ°ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐµÑÐµÐ· ÐºÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð¸ Ð¸ ÑÐ°ÑÐ¿ÑÐ¾ÑÑÑÐ°Ð½ÑÐµÑÑÑ Ð²Ð½ÑÑÑÐ¸ ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð»Ñ, Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ðº ÑÐ²ÑÐ´Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ Ð³Ð¸Ð±ÐµÐ»Ð¸ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ. ÐÐ°Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ²ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð° Ð¸Ð·ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐµÐ³ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ¸Ð¸ ÑÐºÑÐ¿ÑÐµÑÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð³ÐµÐ½Ð¾Ð² Ð»ÑÐ½Ð° Ð¸ ÐµÐ³Ð¾ ÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐ¸ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð³ÑÐ¸Ð±Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿Ð°ÑÐ¾Ð³ÐµÐ½Ð° Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lini Ð² Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑÐµ ÑÑÐ·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð·Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð·Ð°ÑÐ°Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ. Ð¦ÐµÐ»ÑÑ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ ÑÐ²Ð»ÑÐ»Ð¾ÑÑ Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¼Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐºÑÐ»ÑÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð¸ ÑÐµÐ³ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ð·Ð¼Ð¾Ð², Ð¾ÑÐ²ÐµÑÑÑÐ²ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÑ Ð·Ð° ÑÐ¾Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð»ÑÐ½Ð° Ð°Ð³ÑÐµÑÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ð¼Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑÑ Ð·Ð°ÑÐ°Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ. ÐÐ»Ñ ÑÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð·Ð°Ð´Ð°ÑÐ¸ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÑ Ð²Ð¾ÑÐ¿ÑÐ¸Ð¸Ð¼ÑÐ¸Ð²ÑÐ¹ LM98 Ð¸ ÑÑÑÐ¾Ð¹ÑÐ¸Ð²ÑÐ¹ Atalante ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ° Ð»ÑÐ½Ð°, Ð·Ð°ÑÐ°Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÐµ ÑÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ð¾Ð¼ Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lini Ð¼Ð¾Ð½Ð¾Ð¸Ð·Ð¾Ð»ÑÑ â39. ÐÐ· ÐºÐ¾ÑÐ½ÐµÐ¹ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹ Ð²ÑÐ´ÐµÐ»ÑÐ»Ð¸ ÑÐ¾ÑÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½ÑÐµ Ð ÐÐ Ð¸ ÐÐÐ Ð¸Ð· ÐºÐ¾ÑÐ½ÐµÐ¹, ÑÐ¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð½Ð½ÑÑ Ð½Ð° ÑÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÑÑÐ¹ Ð´ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ»Ðµ Ð¸Ð½Ð¾ÐºÑÐ»ÑÑÐ¸Ð¸. ÐÐ°ÑÐµÐ¼ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ð»Ð°ÑÑ ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ñ ÑÐºÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¾Ð² Ð¿Ð¾ Ð ÐÐ-ÑÐµÐºÐ²ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ Ð±Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÐµÐºÐ²ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ð»ÑÑ Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÐµÑÐµÐ½ÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½ÑÐ¹ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð· Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÑ ÑÐµÐ·ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¾Ð² Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´Ñ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ½ÑÐ¼Ð¸ ÑÐºÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÑÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½ÑÐ¼Ð¸ ÑÑÐ»Ð¾Ð²Ð¸ÑÐ¼Ð¸. Ð¡ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÐ¼Ð¸ ÑÐ¿Ð¸ÑÐºÐ°Ð¼Ð¸ Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÐµÑÐµÐ½ÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾ ÑÐºÑÐ¿ÑÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÑ Ð¸ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¸Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÑ Ð³ÐµÐ½Ð¾Ð² Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ð»Ð¸ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð· Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð³Ð°ÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð±Ð¸Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¼Ð¸ ÑÐµÑÐ¼Ð¸Ð½Ð°Ð¼Ð¸. ÐÐ½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð· Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÑ Ð±Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐµÐºÐ²ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ° LM98 Ð½Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾Ð·Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ð¸Ð» Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ Ð¸Ð½ÑÐµÐ³ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½ÑÐ¹ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð· Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÐµÑÐµÐ½ÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐºÑÐ¿ÑÐµÑÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¸ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¸Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ, Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð¼Ñ ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð»Ð¸ ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐµÐ´Ð¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸ÑÑÑÑ ÑÐ¾Ð»ÑÐºÐ¾ Ð½Ð° Ð¸Ð·ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¸ ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ° Atalante. Atalante Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð´ÐµÐ¼Ð¾Ð½ÑÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð» Ð¼Ð¾ÑÐ½ÑÐ¹ Ð¾ÑÐ²ÐµÑ Ð½Ð° Ð·Ð°ÑÐ°Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¸ Ð°ÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð°ÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ð·Ð¼Ð¾Ð² Ð¾ÑÐ²ÐµÑÐ° Ð½Ð° Ð¾ÐºÑÐ¸Ð´Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½ÑÐ¹ ÑÑÑÐµÑÑ, Ð¼ÐµÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð¼Ð° ÑÐ³Ð»ÐµÐ²Ð¾Ð´Ð¾Ð², Ð°ÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ ÐºÐ¸Ð½Ð°Ð·, Ð¼Ð¾Ð´Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ ÐºÐ»ÐµÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÑÐµÐ½ÐºÐ¸, ÑÐ¸Ð½ÑÐµÐ·Ð° ÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð°Ð»ÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð½Ð¾Ð² Ð¸ Ð¸Ð½Ð³Ð¸Ð±Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ½Ð´Ð¾Ð¿ÐµÐ¿ÑÐ¸Ð´Ð°Ð·. Ð ÑÐµÐ·ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÑÐµ Ð¸Ð½ÑÐµÐ³ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð° Ð±ÑÐ»Ð¾ Ð²ÑÑÐ²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¾, ÑÑÐ¾ Ð¿ÐµÑÐ²ÑÐµ ÑÐµÑÑÑÐµ Ð¸Ð· ÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ð·Ð¼Ð¾Ð² ÑÐµÐ³ÑÐ»Ð¸ÑÑÑÑÑÑ ÑÐ¿Ð¸Ð³ÐµÐ½ÐµÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ´ÑÑÐ²Ð¾Ð¼ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¸Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÐÐÐ. ÐÐ°Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¸Ð¼, ÑÑÐ¾ Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸ÑÐ½Ð°Ñ ÑÐµÐ°ÐºÑÐ¸Ñ ÑÐµÐ·ÐºÐ¾ ÑÐ³Ð°ÑÐ»Ð° Ð½Ð° Ð¿ÑÑÑÐ¹ Ð´ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ»Ðµ Ð·Ð°ÑÐ°Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ. ÐÐ¾Ð»ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐµÐ¼Ð° Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÑ Ð¾ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¸Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¸ Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lini Ð¾ÐºÐ°Ð·Ð°Ð»Ð¾ÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ´Ð¾ÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð¾ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð²ÑÐµÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð½ÐµÐ³Ð¾ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð°. ÐÐ´Ð½Ð°ÐºÐ¾, Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð· Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÐµÑÐµÐ½ÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾ ÑÐºÑÐ¿ÑÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÑ Ð³ÐµÐ½Ð¾Ð² Ð³ÑÐ¸Ð±Ð° Ð²ÑÑÐ²Ð¸Ð» Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð³Ð°ÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð±Ð¸Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ ÑÐµÑÐ¼Ð¸Ð½Ð¾Ð², ÑÐ²ÑÐ·Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÑ Ñ ÑÐ¸Ð½ÑÐµÐ·Ð¾Ð¼ Ð¿ÐµÐ¿ÑÐ¸Ð´Ð¾Ð² Ð¸ Ð¾ÑÐ²ÐµÑÐ¾Ð¼ Ð½Ð° Ð¾ÐºÑÐ¸Ð´Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½ÑÐ¹ ÑÑÑÐµÑÑ Ð½Ð° ÑÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð¹ Ð´ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¸ ÑÑÐ°Ð½ÑÐ¼ÐµÐ¼Ð±ÑÐ°Ð½Ð½ÑÐ¼ ÑÑÐ°Ð½ÑÐ¿Ð¾ÑÑÐ¾Ð¼, Ð¼ÐµÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð¼Ð¾Ð¼ ÑÐ³Ð»ÐµÐ²Ð¾Ð´Ð¾Ð² Ð¸ Ð¾ÑÐ²ÐµÑÐ¾Ð¼ Ð½Ð° Ð¾ÐºÐ¸ÑÐ»Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½ÑÐ¹ ÑÑÑÐµÑÑ Ð½Ð° Ð¿ÑÑÑÐ¹ Ð´ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð·Ð°ÑÐ°Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ. Ð¢Ð°ÐºÐ¸Ð¼ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð·Ð¾Ð¼, Ð¾ÑÐ²ÐµÑ Ð»ÑÐ½Ð° Ð½Ð° Ð¸Ð½ÑÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¸ Ð°ÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð°ÑÐ¾Ð³ÐµÐ½Ð° ÐºÐ¾ÑÑÐµÐ»Ð¸ÑÑÑÑ. ÐÐ¾Ð»ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÐµ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÐµ Ð½ÐµÐ¾Ð±ÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¸Ð¼Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐ³Ð»ÑÐ±Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¸Ð·ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐºÑÐ»ÑÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ð·Ð¼Ð¾Ð² Ð²Ð·Ð°Ð¸Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ¹ÑÑÐ²Ð¸Ñ Ð² ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ðµ Â«ÑÐ¾Ð·ÑÐ¸Ð½âÐ¿Ð°ÑÐ°Ð·Ð¸ÑÂ», Ð° ÑÐ°ÐºÐ¶Ðµ Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»ÑÑÑÐ¸Ñ ÑÐ°ÐºÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾Ð² ÑÑÑÐ¾Ð¹ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð»ÑÐ½ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ ÐºÑÐ»ÑÑÑÑÑ Ðº Ð³ÑÐ¸Ð±ÐºÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¸Ð½ÑÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð¸.
description: Fusarium wilt of flax is an aggressive disease caused by soil-borne fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lini. The fungus invades through roots and spreads inside the vascular bundle, blocking water and nutrient flow, which eventually leads to plant wilt and death. This study aims to characterize regulatory mechanisms controlling both flax gene expression, as well as transcriptional response of its host-specific fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lini during the infection. Specifically, the work aims to determine molecular and regulatory mechanisms having a pivotal role in flax defense response to the fungal attack. We studied both the susceptible LM98 and the resistant Atalante flax varieties infected by Fusarium. The total RNA and DNA mixtures were extracted from the infected plant roots harvested on the third and on the fifth day post inoculation. Next, we performed a series of transcriptomic and DNA methylation profiling experiments and differential analysis of the results between different experimental conditions. Then we performed enrichment analyses of resulting differentially expressed and differentially methylated gene sets. In contrast to the Alalante, the LM98 cultivar failed to show detectable levels of methylation to perform an integrative analysis, therefore we focused on the analysis of the Atalante variety. The Atalante cultivar exhibited a pronounced response to infection and activation of mechanisms of ROS reduction, carbohydrates metabolism, kinases activity, cell wall modification, phytoalexins synthesis and endopeptidase inhibition. The first four of them are regulated epigenetically by DNA methylation. The plant defense response to infection gradually subsides by the fifth day. The methylation data obtained for Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lini was insufficient for a comprehensive analysis of the phenomenon. However, transcriptome analyses of the pathogen confirmed that genes associated with peptides synthesis and response to oxidative stress on the third day and, likewise, transmembrane transport, carbohydrates metabolism and response to oxidative stress on the fifth day are likely to play an important role in during infection. Given these findings it seems that flax and pathogen response activities are coupled. The results generated in the framework of this study facilitate an in-depth study of the molecular mechanisms of host-pathogen interaction system, as well as determinants of flax resistance to Fusarium infection.