cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The mass of simple and higher-order networks
Creators: name: Bianconi, Ginestra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a theoretical framework that explains how the mass of simple and higher-order networks emerges from their topology and geometry. We use the discrete topological Dirac operator to define an action for a massless self-interacting topological Dirac field inspired by the Nambu-Jona Lasinio model. The mass of the network is strictly speaking the mass of this topological Dirac field defined on the network; it results from the chiral symmetry breaking of the model and satisfies a self-consistent gap equation. Interestingly, it is shown that the mass of a network depends on its spectral properties, topology, and geometry. Due to the breaking of the matter-antimatter symmetry observed for the harmonic modes of the discrete topological Dirac operator, two possible definitions of the network mass can be given. For both possible definitions, the mass of the network comes from a gap equation with the difference among the two definitions encoded in the value of the bare mass. Indeed, the bare mass can be determined either by the Betti number $β_0$ or by the Betti number $β_1$ of the network. We provide numerical results on the mass of different networks, including random graphs, scale-free, and real weighted collaboration networks. We also discuss the generalization of these results to higher-order networks, defining the mass of simplicial complexes. The observed dependence of the mass of the considered topological Dirac field with the topology and geometry of the network could lead to interesting physics in the scenario in which the considered Dirac field is coupled with a dynamical evolution of the underlying network structure.
description: (25 pages, 4 figures)
On the variations of acoustic absorption peak with flow velocity in Micro-Perforated Panels at high level of excitation
Creators: name: Tayong, Rostand
name: Dupont, Thomas
name: Leclaire, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The acoustic behavior of micro-perforated panels (MPP) is studied theoretically and experimentally at high level of pressure excitation. A model based on Forcheimer's regime of flow velocity in the perforations is proposed. This model is valid at relatively high Reynolds numbers and low Mach numbers. The experimental method consists in measuring the acoustical pressure at three different positions in an impedance tube, the two measurement positions usually considered in an impedance tube and one measurement in the vicinity of the rear surface of the MPP. The impedance tube is equipped with a pressure driver instead of the usual loudspeaker and capable of delivering a high sound pressure level up to 160 dB. Several MPP specimens made out of steel and polypropylene were tested. Measurements using random noise or sinusoidal excitation in a frequency range between 200 and 1600 Hz were carried out on MPPs backed by air cavities. It was observed that the maximum of absorption can be a positive or a negative function of the flow velocity in the perforations. This suggests the existence of a maximum of absorption as a function of flow velocity. This behavior was predicted by the model and confirmed experimentally.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures
title: Emergent Tissue Shapes from the Regulatory Feedback between Morphogens and Cell Growth
title: The feedback between morphogens and shape
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Kaity, Bivash
name: Lobo, Daniel
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: morphogens
subject: emergent tissue shapes
subject: cell growth
subject: multicellular organisms

description: Patterning and morphogenesis in multicellular organisms require precise dynamic coordination between cellular behaviors and mechano-chemical signals. However, the mechanisms underlying the pathways that coordinate and integrate these signals into emergent cellular behaviors and tissue shapes remain poorly understood. Here, we present a cell-centered agent-based mathematical approach to shed light on the feedback mechanisms underlying tissue growth and pattern formation. The model includes cell size dynamics governed by both intercellular diffusible morphogen concentrations and mechanical stress between cells to control their spatial organization, and does not require the use of any superimposed lattice, increasing its applicability and performance. The results show how the precise integration of the feedback loop between cellular behaviors and mechano-chemical signaling is essential for the regulation of shape and spatial patterns across the tissue scale. Furthermore, the regulation of cellular dynamics by patterning processes, such as Turing activator-inhibitor systems, can drive the formation of emergent stable tissue shapes, which, in turn, specify the domain for morphogen patterning? closing the self-regulated loop between tissue shape and morphogenetic signals. Overall, this study highlights the importance of the feedback loop between morphogen patterning and cellular behaviors in regulating tissue growth dynamics and stable shape formation. Moreover, this study establishes a framework for further experiments to understand the regulatory dynamics of whole-body development and regeneration using high spatiotemporal resolution models.Significance Tight coordination and interpretation of the multitude of signals at different biological scales are essential during the development of multicellular organisms to control their shape, size, and pattern. In this work, we investigated the leading role of the feedback between mechano-chemical signaling networks and tissue shape through cellular behaviors such as growth, proliferation, and apoptosis. The model explains the interdependence between tissue growth and pattern formation mechanisms in regulating the fundamental properties of morphogenesis. Overall, this study provides mechanistic insights into the regulatory feedback interactions between tissue morphogenesis and patterning dynamics.
Ad-load Balancing via Off-policy Learning in a Content Marketplace
Creators: name: Sagtani, Hitesh
name: Jhawar, Madan
name: Mehrotra, Rishabh
name: Jeunen, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Ad-load balancing is a critical challenge in online advertising systems, particularly in the context of social media platforms, where the goal is to maximize user engagement and revenue while maintaining a satisfactory user experience. This requires the optimization of conflicting objectives, such as user satisfaction and ads revenue. Traditional approaches to ad-load balancing rely on static allocation policies, which fail to adapt to changing user preferences and contextual factors. In this paper, we present an approach that leverages off-policy learning and evaluation from logged bandit feedback. We start by presenting a motivating analysis of the ad-load balancing problem, highlighting the conflicting objectives between user satisfaction and ads revenue. We emphasize the nuances that arise due to user heterogeneity and the dependence on the user's position within a session. Based on this analysis, we define the problem as determining the optimal ad-load for a particular feed fetch. To tackle this problem, we propose an off-policy learning framework that leverages unbiased estimators such as Inverse Propensity Scoring (IPS) and Doubly Robust (DR) to learn and estimate the policy values using offline collected stochastic data. We present insights from online A/B experiments deployed at scale across over 80 million users generating over 200 million sessions, where we find statistically significant improvements in both user satisfaction metrics and ads revenue for the platform.
description: Early version presented at the CONSEQUENCES '23 workshop at RecSys '23, final version appearing at WSDM '24
Far-from-equilibrium criticality in the Random Field Ising Model with Eshelby Interactions
Creators: name: Rossi, Saverio
name: Biroli, Giulio
name: Ozawa, Misaki
name: Tarjus, Gilles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a quasi-statically driven random field Ising model (RFIM) at zero temperature with interactions mediated by the long-range anisotropic Eshelby kernel. Analogously to amorphous solids at their yielding transition, and differently from ferromagnetic and dipolar RFIMs, the model shows a discontinuous magnetization jump associated with the appearance of a band-like structure for weak disorder and a continuous magnetization growth, yet punctuated by avalanches, for strong disorder. Through a finite-size scaling analysis in 2 and 3 dimensions we find that the two regimes are separated by a finite-disorder critical point which we characterize. We discuss similarities and differences between the present model and models of sheared amorphous solids.
Question-Answering Approach to Evaluating Legal Summaries
Creators: name: Xu, Huihui
name: Ashley, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Traditional evaluation metrics like ROUGE compare lexical overlap between the reference and generated summaries without taking argumentative structure into account, which is important for legal summaries. In this paper, we propose a novel legal summarization evaluation framework that utilizes GPT-4 to generate a set of question-answer pairs that cover main points and information in the reference summary. GPT-4 is then used to generate answers based on the generated summary for the questions from the reference summary. Finally, GPT-4 grades the answers from the reference summary and the generated summary. We examined the correlation between GPT-4 grading with human grading. The results suggest that this question-answering approach with GPT-4 can be a useful tool for gauging the quality of the summary.
Additional file 1 of Feasibility of a person-centred multidimensional interdisciplinary rehabilitation programme in community-dwelling people with dementia: a randomised controlled pilot trial
Creators: name: Hasselgren, Låtta
name: Conradsson, Mia
name: Lampinen, Josefine
name: Toots, Annika
name: Olofsson, Birgitta
name: Nilsson, Ingeborg
name: Gustafsson, Maria
name: Lindelöf, Nina
name: Holmberg, Henrik
name: Gustafson, Yngve
name: Littbrand, Håkan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1. Table A. 1-20. Type of assessments and interventions per profession, addressed to participants with dementia in the intervention group.
Mind the Gap: Federated Learning Broadens Domain Generalization in Diagnostic AI Models
Creators: name: Arasteh, Soroosh Tayebi
name: Kuhl, Christiane
name: Saehn, Marwin-Jonathan
name: Isfort, Peter
name: Truhn, Daniel
name: Nebelung, Sven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Developing robust artificial intelligence (AI) models that generalize well to unseen datasets is challenging and usually requires large and variable datasets, preferably from multiple institutions. In federated learning (FL), a model is trained collaboratively at numerous sites that hold local datasets without exchanging them. So far, the impact of training strategy, i.e., local versus collaborative, on the diagnostic on-domain and off-domain performance of AI models interpreting chest radiographs has not been assessed. Consequently, using 610,000 chest radiographs from five institutions across the globe, we assessed diagnostic performance as a function of training strategy (i.e., local vs. collaborative), network architecture (i.e., convolutional vs. transformer-based), generalization performance (i.e., on-domain vs. off-domain), imaging finding (i.e., cardiomegaly, pleural effusion, pneumonia, atelectasis, consolidation, pneumothorax, and no abnormality), dataset size (i.e., from n=18,000 to 213,921 radiographs), and dataset diversity. Large datasets not only showed minimal performance gains with FL but, in some instances, even exhibited decreases. In contrast, smaller datasets revealed marked improvements. Thus, on-domain performance was mainly driven by training data size. However, off-domain performance leaned more on training diversity. When trained collaboratively across diverse external institutions, AI models consistently surpassed models trained locally for off-domain tasks, emphasizing FL's potential in leveraging data diversity. In conclusion, FL can bolster diagnostic privacy, reproducibility, and off-domain reliability of AI models and, potentially, optimize healthcare outcomes.
description: Published in Nature Scientific Reports
A lexical scanner generator for a modular compiler generation system
Creators: name: Venema, Tjeerd
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Much work has been done in the many aspects of compiler generation. He examine the problems associated with the generation of a full compiler and present a method of modular construction which would solve many of the problems which occur in previous generation systems. As an example of this modular construction, a lexical scanner generator is designed to produce lexical scanners which are easily interfaceable with the other components of a compiler.
Liolaemus parthenos
Creators: name: Cristián S. Abdala
name: Baldo, Diego
name: Juárez, Ricardo A.
name: Espinoza, Robert E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Liolaemidae
Liolaemus
Liolaemus parthenos

description: Liolaemus parthenos (n = 70): FML 16221 (holotype), FML 16222 – 24 (paratypes), Mendoza Province, San Rafael Department, dunes next to El Nihuil Dam on Provincial Route 180, 35° 2 ' 19.77 ''S, 68 ° 40 ' 12.60 ''W; FML 23485 – 88, Mendoza Province, San Rafael Department, 37 km S of El Nihuil on Provincial Route 180, near Cerro Trintrica, 35 ° 21 ' 35.29 ''S, 68 ° 42 ' 26.38 '' W; FML 24480 – 84, LGE 9376 – 77 (seven karyotyped specimens), LGE 9378 – 79, Mendoza Province, San Rafael Department, near El Nihuil Dam; IBAUNC 9772 –73, 9775– 77 (paratypes), Mendoza Province, San Rafael Department, 10 to 60 km S of El Nihuil, 35 ° 7 ' 0.71 ''S, 68 ° 41 ' 4.28 ''W to 35 ° 33 ' 49.47 ''S, 68 ° 41 ' 15.14 ''W, 1400–1600 m; IBAUNC 11431 – 35 (paratypes), Mendoza Province, San Rafael Department, Pampa del Diamante, 34 ° 54 ' 44.39 ''S, 68 ° 51 ' 38.58 ''W, 1400 m; LGE 9380 – 82 (3 karyotyped specimens), Mendoza Province, San Rafael Department, Salinas del Diamante, Provincial Route 144 at km marker 728, 34° 54 ' 40.23 ''S, 68 ° 50 ' 9.39 ''W; MHNSR 78–82 (paratypes), Mendoza Province, San Rafael Department, Club de Pescadores, El Nihuil, 35 ° 2 ' 10.54 ''S, 68 ° 42 ' 33.84 ''W.
description: Published as part of Cristián S. Abdala, Diego Baldo, Ricardo A. Juárez & Robert E. Espinoza, 2016, The First Parthenogenetic Pleurodont Iguanian: A New All-female Liolaemus (Squamata: Liolaemidae) from Western Argentina, pp. 487-497 in Copeia 104 (2) on page 494, DOI: 10.1643/CH-15-381, http://zenodo.org/record/269580
Photon-number resolution with microwave Josephson photomultipliers
Creators: name: Stolyarov, E. V.
name: Kliushnichenko, O. V.
name: Kovtoniuk, V. S.
name: Semenov, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study counting photons confined in a mode of a microwave resonator via repeated measurements by a Josephson photomultiplier (JPM). The considered JPM is essentially a flux-biased phase qubit operating as a single-photon detector. We identify optimal operational regimes that maximize photon-number resolution within a predetermined range. Two counting techniques are studied. The first is to count the total number of clicks in the measurement sequence. The second involves counting the number of clicks until the occurrence of either the first no-click event or the end of the measurement sequence. Our theoretical methods employ the derived positive operator-valued measures for the considered photocounting techniques and the introduced measure of the photon-number resolution. The results reveal that the resolution decrease in both cases is mainly caused by the JPM relaxation. As an example, we show how the obtained results can be used for practical testing nonclassical properties of electromagnetic radiation in a microwave resonator.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures
A frame system model of the representation of knowledge for understanding natural language
Creators: name: McDonald, David Blair
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A model for the representation of knowledge is described. It was developed in the domain of teaching a student how to draw simple figures on a graphic terminal's screen. The student should not need to know anything about computers or graphics and should interact with the computer using a subset of English. The model was designed to represent the knowledge needed to understand sentences encountered in this domain. The model is based on the ideas in Minsky's frame systems, Hewitt's actor formalism and semantic network theory. The basic components of the model and how they are used to represent knowledge is presented. A detailed example is described, giving some details of how the system performs inferences and how it responds to various inputs. Finally some conclusions are drawn about the design of this representation for knowledge.
Liolaemus pipanaco
Creators: name: Cristián S. Abdala
name: Baldo, Diego
name: Juárez, Ricardo A.
name: Espinoza, Robert E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Liolaemidae
Liolaemus
Liolaemus pipanaco

description: Liolaemus pipanaco (n = 7): FML 1480, 1501–02, Catamarca Province, Andalgalá Department, Salar de Pipanaco; FML 18396, Catamarca Province, Andalgalá Department, pass through Ŕıo Blanco, W of entrance to Salar de Pipanaco, 27 ° 49 ' 23.9 ''S, 65 ° 14 ' 38.2 ''W; FML 19225, Catamarca Province, Andalgalá Department, Salar de Pipanaco, entrance to Ŕıo Blanco, 36 km S of Andalgalá, 737 m.
description: Published as part of Cristián S. Abdala, Diego Baldo, Ricardo A. Juárez & Robert E. Espinoza, 2016, The First Parthenogenetic Pleurodont Iguanian: A New All-female Liolaemus (Squamata: Liolaemidae) from Western Argentina, pp. 487-497 in Copeia 104 (2) on page 495, DOI: 10.1643/CH-15-381, http://zenodo.org/record/269580
Liolaemus purul
Creators: name: Cristián S. Abdala
name: Baldo, Diego
name: Juárez, Ricardo A.
name: Espinoza, Robert E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Liolaemidae
Liolaemus
Liolaemus purul

description: Liolaemus purul (n = 25): FML 24153 (holotype), FML 24154 – 63 (paratypes), Neuqúen Province, La Rinconada Department, 6 km N of San Ignacio on National Route 40 on way to Zapala, 39 ° 50 ' 54.4 ''S, 70 ° 39 ' 52.6 ''W, 1071 m; FML 21473 – 74, Neuqúen Province, Zapala Department, Parque Nacional Laguna Blanca, near park ranger station, 39 °0 2 ' 38.5 '' S, 70 ° 19 ' 36.4 ''W, 1272 m; FML 21482, Neuqúen Province, Zapala Department, Parque Nacional Laguna Blanca; FML 21499, 21534– 35, Neuqúen Province, Zapala Department, Parque Nacional Laguna Blanca entrance gate on Provincial Route 46, 39°0 2 ' 55.8 '' S, 70 ° 16 ' 36.2 '' W, 1306 m; FML 22187 – 88, Neuqúen Province, Collón Curá Department, 35 km S of Collón-Curá; FML 22211, Neuqúen Province, Collón Curá Department, 2 km S of Collón Curá bridge; FML 24164 – 65, Neuqúen Province, Zapala Department, on Provincial Route 13 on way to Primeros Pinos, 38 ° 52 ' 16.1 ''S, 70 ° 19 ' 17.9 ''W, 1275 m; FML 24166 – 68, Neuqúen Province, Zapala Department, 1 km S of Provincial Route 13 and 41 km W of Zapala, 38 ° 51 ' 14.4 ''S, 70 ° 30 ' 22.3 ''W, 1288 m.
description: Published as part of Cristián S. Abdala, Diego Baldo, Ricardo A. Juárez & Robert E. Espinoza, 2016, The First Parthenogenetic Pleurodont Iguanian: A New All-female Liolaemus (Squamata: Liolaemidae) from Western Argentina, pp. 487-497 in Copeia 104 (2) on page 495, DOI: 10.1643/CH-15-381, http://zenodo.org/record/269580
Liolaemus shehuen
Creators: name: Cristián S. Abdala
name: Baldo, Diego
name: Juárez, Ricardo A.
name: Espinoza, Robert E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Liolaemidae
Liolaemus
Liolaemus shehuen

description: Liolaemus shehuen (n = 8): FML 22191 – 95, Chubut Province, Telsen Department, 60 km W of Telsen; FML 22217 – 19, Chubut Province, Telsen Department, 80 km W of Telsen.
description: Published as part of Cristián S. Abdala, Diego Baldo, Ricardo A. Juárez & Robert E. Espinoza, 2016, The First Parthenogenetic Pleurodont Iguanian: A New All-female Liolaemus (Squamata: Liolaemidae) from Western Argentina, pp. 487-497 in Copeia 104 (2) on page 495, DOI: 10.1643/CH-15-381, http://zenodo.org/record/269580
Liolaemus tromen
Creators: name: Cristián S. Abdala
name: Baldo, Diego
name: Juárez, Ricardo A.
name: Espinoza, Robert E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Liolaemidae
Liolaemus
Liolaemus tromen

description: Liolaemus tromen (n = 8): FML 17735 (holotype), FML 17731 – 34, 17736 (paratypes), Neuqúen Province, El Cholar Department, km marker 140 on Provincial Route 21, 7 km N of El Huecú; FML 22386 – 87, Neuqúen Province, Chos Malal Department, near Tromen Volcano, 37 °0 4 ' 56.8 ''S, 70 °0 6 ' 15.5 ''W, 2189 m.
description: Published as part of Cristián S. Abdala, Diego Baldo, Ricardo A. Juárez & Robert E. Espinoza, 2016, The First Parthenogenetic Pleurodont Iguanian: A New All-female Liolaemus (Squamata: Liolaemidae) from Western Argentina, pp. 487-497 in Copeia 104 (2) on page 495, DOI: 10.1643/CH-15-381, http://zenodo.org/record/269580
Liolaemus xanthoviridis
Creators: name: Cristián S. Abdala
name: Baldo, Diego
name: Juárez, Ricardo A.
name: Espinoza, Robert E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Liolaemidae
Liolaemus
Liolaemus xanthoviridis

description: Liolaemus xanthoviridis (n = 7): FML 21259 – 65, Chubut Province, Florentino Ameghino Department, 22 km NE of Dos Pozos on Provincial Route 75.
description: Published as part of Cristián S. Abdala, Diego Baldo, Ricardo A. Juárez & Robert E. Espinoza, 2016, The First Parthenogenetic Pleurodont Iguanian: A New All-female Liolaemus (Squamata: Liolaemidae) from Western Argentina, pp. 487-497 in Copeia 104 (2) on page 495, DOI: 10.1643/CH-15-381, http://zenodo.org/record/269580
Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces for 6G: Nine Fundamental Issues and One Critical Problem
Creators: name: Zhang, Zijian
name: Dai, Linglong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Thanks to the recent advances in metamaterials, reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) has emerged as a promising technology for future 6G wireless communications. Benefiting from its high array gain, low cost, and low power consumption, RISs are expected to greatly enlarge signal coverage, improve system capacity, and increase energy efficiency. In this article, we systematically overview the emerging RIS technology with the focus on its key basics, nine fundamental issues, and one critical problem. Specifically, we first explain the RIS basics, including its working principles, hardware structures, and potential benefits for communications. Based on these basics, nine fundamental issues of RISs, such as ``What's the differences between RISs and massive MIMO?'' and ``Is RIS really intelligent?'', are explicitly addressed to elaborate its technical features, distinguish it from existing technologies, and clarify some misunderstandings in the literature. Then, one critical problem of RISs is revealed that, due to the ``multiplicative fading'' effect, existing passive RISs can hardly achieve visible performance gains in many communication scenarios with strong direct links. To address this critical problem, a potential solution called active RISs is introduced, and its effectiveness is demonstrated by numerical simulations.
description: To appear in TST as an invited paper. This paper discusses nine fundamental issues and one critical problem of RISs. Highly related works can be found at arxiv:2103.15154
Detection of the 13CO(J=6-5) Transition in the Starburst Galaxy NGC 253
Creators: name: Hailey-Dunsheath, S.
name: Nikola, T.
name: Stacey, G. J.
name: Oberst, T. E.
name: Parshley, S. C.
name: Bradford, C. M.
name: Ade, P. A. R.
name: Tucker, C. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the detection of 13CO(J=6-5) emission from the nucleus of the starburst galaxy NGC 253 with the redshift (z) and Early Universe Spectrometer (ZEUS), a new submillimeter grating spectrometer. This is the first extragalactic detection of the 13CO(J=6-5) transition, which traces warm, dense molecular gas. We employ a multi-line LVG analysis and find ~ 35% - 60% of the molecular ISM is both warm (T ~ 110 K) and dense (n(H2) ~ 10^4 cm^-3). We analyze the potential heat sources, and conclude that UV and X-ray photons are unlikely to be energetically important. Instead, the molecular gas is most likely heated by an elevated density of cosmic rays or by the decay of supersonic turbulence through shocks. If the cosmic rays and turbulence are created by stellar feedback within the starburst, then our analysis suggests the starburst may be self-limiting.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, accepted by ApJ Letters
Generalized $n$-locality inequalities in star-network configuration and their optimal quantum violations
Creators: name: Munshi, Sneha
name: Pan, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Standard multiparty Bell experiments involve a single source shared by a set of observers. In contrast, network Bell experiments feature multiple independent sources, and each of them may distribute physical systems to a set of observers who perform randomly chosen measurements. The $n$-locality scenario in star-network configuration involves $n$ number of edge observers (Alices), a central observer (Bob), and $n$ number of independent sources having no prior correlation. Each Alice shares an independent state with the central observer Bob. Usually, in network Bell experiments, one considers that each party measures only two observables. In this work, we propose a non-trivial generalization of $n$-locality scenario in star-network configuration, where each Alice performs some integer $m$ number of binary-outcome measurements, and the central party Bob performs $2^{m-1}$ binary-outcome measurements. We derive a family of generalized $n$-locality inequalities for any arbitrary $m$. Using {blue}{an elegant} sum-of-squares approach, we derive the optimal quantum violation of the aforementioned inequalities can be attained when each and every Alice measures $m$ number of mutually anticommuting observables. For $m=2$ and $3$, one obtains the optimal quantum value {blue}{for qubit system local to each Alice, and it is sufficient to consider the sharing of} a two-qubit entangled state between each Alice and Bob. We further demonstrate that the optimal quantum violation of $n$-locality inequality for any arbitrary $m$ can be obtained when every Alice shares $\lfloor m/2\rfloor$ copies of two-qubit maximally entangled state with the central party Bob. We also argue that for $m>3$, a single copy of a two-qubit entangled state may not be enough to exhibit the violation of $n$-locality inequality but multiple copies of it can activate the quantum violation.
title: Is Transmission Expansion for Decarbonization Compatible with Generation Competition?
Creators: name: Brennan, Timothy J.
Publisher: name: RFF
Year: 2022

description: Decarbonization of the electricity sector, and expanding it to facilitate decarbonization of transportation, heating, and other energy applications primarily using fossil fuels, is an important step in mitigating climate change. A widely advocated step in that direction is long-term planning to massively expand the transmission system to deliver electricity generated by wind and solar units that are far away from population centers. The transmission system has seen substantial investment in recent years, with few examples of failure to construct new lines, but future climate imperatives may justify moving away from the process of adding incremental capacity in response to specific requests. However, the planning process may sacrifice much of the benefits of competition that electricity policy has striven to achieve over the past three decades. These benefits are not only those from independent output and capacity responses to market prices but also dynamic benefits from technological innovation and market information acquired over time. Reconciling the benefits of competition with central planning has long been necessary in the electricity sector. I propose options for preserving some of the benefits of competition, if long-term transmission planning remains an imperative.
title: Managing cybersecurity in local governments: 2022
Creators: name: Norris, Donald
name: Mateczun, Laura
Publisher: name: Kennesaw State University
Year: 2025

description: This paper, based on data from our second nationwide survey of cybersecurity among local or grassroots governments in the U.S., examines how these governments manage this important function. As we have shown elsewhere, cybersecurity among local governments is increasingly important because these governments are under constant or nearly constant cyberattack. Due to the frequency of cyberattacks, as well as the probability that at least some attacks will succeed and cause damage to local government information systems, these governments have great responsibility to protect their information assets. This, in turn, requires these governments to manage cybersecurity effectively, something our data show is largely absent at the American grassroots because, on average, local governments fail in to manage cybersecurity well. After discussing our findings, we conclude and make recommendations for ways to improve local government cybersecurity management.
A case-driven parser
Creators: name: Taylor, Brock H.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A parser for English sentences using case and an augmented transition network is described. The interaction between syntax, semantics, and case is examined with special emphasis on their role in this particular system. The thesis concludes with a re-affirmation of the inseparability of syntax and semantics, and with cautious optimism for the future cf case in computational linguistics.
title: Ethical and Clinical Dilemmas in Using Psychotropic Medications During Pregnancy
Creators: name: Kalfoglou, Andrea L.
Publisher: name: AMA
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: mental illness
subject: antidepressants
subject: talk therapy

description: Approximately 15 percent of women experience depression whilepregnant or in the year following pregnancy. While antidepressants areusually effective and considered standard treatment for depression,concerns arise that what might be good for mom could be harmful forthe baby. Medical evidence demonstrates that, on balance, treatingmental illness with psychotropic medication along with talk therapy is inthe best interest of both mother and baby; however, women may resisttreatment because they overestimate the risks of medication andunderestimate the risks of untreated mental illness. Clinicians can helpaddress this perceived ethical dilemma and provide optimum care to theirpregnant patients by collaborating with their patients on a treatmentplan, informing them about the risks of untreated mental illness, andproviding reassurance that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)and many other psychotropic medications are appropriate care even if awoman is pregnant or breastfeeding.
Constraining DGP Gravity from Observational Data
Creators: name: Xia, Jun-Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The accelerating expansion of our universe at present could be driven by an unknown energy component (Dark Energy) or a modification of general relativity (Modified Gravity). In this note we revisit the constraints on a phenomenological model which interpolates between the pure \LambdaCDM model and the Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati (DGP) braneworld model with an additional parameter α. Combining the cosmic microwave background (CMB), baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) and type Ia supernovae (SNIa), as well as some high-redshift observations, such as the gamma-ray bursts (GRB) and the measurements of linear growth factors (LGF), we obtain the tight constraint on the parameter α=0.254\pm0.153 (68% C.L.), which implies that the flat DGP model is incompatible with the current observations, while the pure \LambdaCDM model still fits the data very well. Finally, we simulate the future measurements with higher precisions and find that the constraint on αcan be improved by a factor two, when compared to the present constraints.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, and 3 tables
Multi-relation Graph Summarization
Creators: name: Ke, Xiangyu
name: Khan, Arijit
name: Bonchi, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Graph summarization is beneficial in a wide range of applications, such as visualization, interactive and exploratory analysis, approximate query processing, reducing the on-disk storage footprint, and graph processing in modern hardware. However, the bulk of the literature on graph summarization surprisingly overlooks the possibility of having edges of different types. In this paper, we study the novel problem of producing summaries of multi-relation networks, i.e., graphs where multiple edges of different types may exist between any pair of nodes. Multi-relation graphs are an expressive model of real-world activities, in which a relation can be a topic in social networks, an interaction type in genetic networks, or a snapshot in temporal graphs. The first approach that we consider for multi-relation graph summarization is a two-step method based on summarizing each relation in isolation, and then aggregating the resulting summaries in some clever way to produce a final unique summary. In doing this, as a side contribution, we provide the first polynomial-time approximation algorithm based on the k-Median clustering for the classic problem of lossless single-relation graph summarization. Then, we demonstrate the shortcomings of these two-step methods, and propose holistic approaches, both approximate and heuristic algorithms, to compute a summary directly for multi-relation graphs. In particular, we prove that the approximation bound of k-Median clustering for the single relation solution can be maintained in a multi-relation graph with proper aggregation operation over adjacency matrices corresponding to its multiple relations. Experimental results and case studies (on co-authorship networks and brain networks) validate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed algorithms.
description: To appear, ACM TKDD
MRT-based Joint Unicast and Multigroup Multicast Transmission in Massive MIMO Systems
Creators: name: Sadeghi, Meysam
name: Björnson, Emil
name: Larsson, Erik G.
name: Yuen, Chau
name: Marzetta, Thomas L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We study joint unicast and multigroup multicast transmission in single-cell massive multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) systems, under maximum ratio transmission. For the unicast transmission, the objective is to maximize the weighted sum spectral efficiency (SE) of the unicast user terminals (UTs) and for the multicast transmission the objective is to maximize the minimum SE of the multicast UTs. These two problems are coupled to each other in a conflicting manner, due to their shared power resource and interference. To address this, we formulate a multiobjective optimization problem (MOOP). We derive the Pareto boundary of the MOOP analytically and determine the values of the system parameters to achieve any desired Pareto optimal point. Moreover, we prove that the Pareto region is convex, hence the system should serve the unicast and multicast UTs at the same time-frequency resource.
description: Published at 2018 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP), 5 pages, 1 figure. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1911.08165
Uncovering anisotropic effects of electric high-moment dipoles on the tunneling current in $δ$-layer tunnel junctions
Creators: name: Mendez, Juan P.
name: Mamaluy, Denis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The precise positioning of dopants in semiconductors using scanning tunneling microscopes has led to the development of planar dopant-based devices, also known as $δ$-layers, facilitating the exploration of new concepts in classical and quantum computing. Recently it have been shown that two distinct conductivity regimes (low- and high- bias regimes) exist in $δ$-layer tunnel junctions due to the presence of quasi-discrete and continuous states in the conduction band of $δ$-layer systems. Furthermore, discrete charged impurities in the tunnel junction region significantly influence the tunneling rates in $δ$-layer tunnel junctions. Here we demonstrate that zero-charge impurities, or electrical dipoles, present in the tunnel junction region can also significantly alter the tunneling rate, depending, however, on the specific conductivity regime and orientation and moment of the dipole. In the low-bias regime with high-resistance tunneling mode dipole impurities of nearly all orientations and moments can alter the current, indicating the extreme sensitivity of the tunnel current to the slightest imperfection in the tunnel gap. In the high-bias regime with low-resistivity only dipole defects with high moment and orientated in the direction perpendicular to the electron tunneling direction can significantly affect the current, thus making this conductivity regime significantly less prone to the influence of dipole defects with low-moment or dipoles oriented along the propagation direction.
Additional file 1 of The gender gap in outpatient care for non-communicable diseases in Mexico between 2006 and 2022
Creators: name: Serván-Mori, Edson
name: Heredia-Pi, Ileana
name: Guerrero-López, Carlos M.
name: Jan, Stephen
name: Downey, Laura
name: Garcia-Díaz, Rocío
name: Nigenda, Gustavo
name: Orozco-Núñez, Emanuel
name: de la Cruz Muradás-Troitiño, María
name: Flamand, Laura
name: Norton, Robyn
name: Lozano, Rafael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
title: Echoes of Trauma: The Lingering Health Effects of Childhood Sexual Abuse Throughout the Life-course
Creators: name: Kalfoglou, Andrea L.
name: Conway, Imani
Publisher: name: andreakalfoglou
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: chronic health
subject: maladaptive health
subject: cardiovascular diseases

description: Echoes of Trauma: The Lingering Health Effects of Childhood Sexual Abuse Throughout the Life-course In this scoping review, my research partner Imani Conway and I sought to systematically explore the profound and long-lasting health impacts of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) on women. By synthesizing an extensive range of studies, we aimed to highlight the varied ways CSA affects health across the lifespan. Our findings indicate that CSA is linked to numerous chronic health conditions, including gastrointestinal and cardiovascular diseases, reproductive health issues, and psychiatric disorders. Additionally, CSA survivors face increased risks for chronic pain, maladaptive health behaviors, and socioeconomic challenges, such as diminished educational and economic outcomes. We hope this work underscores the urgent need for trauma-informed care in healthcare systems, prioritizing prevention, early intervention, and provider education to better meet the needs of CSA survivors. This research is a call to action for both healthcare providers and policymakers to address the pervasive effects of CSA on women?s long-term health and quality of life.
Centralized and Distributed Power Allocation for Max-Min Fairness in Cell-Free Massive MIMO
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Sucharita
name: Björnson, Emil
name: Sanguinetti, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Cell-free Massive MIMO systems consist of a large number of geographically distributed access points (APs) that serve users by coherent joint transmission. Downlink power allocation is important in these systems, to determine which APs should transmit to which users and with what power. If the system is implemented correctly, it can deliver a more uniform user performance than conventional cellular networks. To this end, previous works have shown how to perform system-wide max-min fairness power allocation when using maximum ratio precoding. In this paper, we first generalize this method to arbitrary precoding, and then train a neural network to perform approximately the same power allocation but with reduced computational complexity. Finally, we train one neural network per AP to mimic system-wide max-min fairness power allocation, but using only local information. By learning the structure of the local propagation environment, this method outperforms the state-of-the-art distributed power allocation method from the Cell-free Massive MIMO literature.
description: Published at 2019 Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems, and Computers, 5 pages, 3 figures
Liolaemus boulengeri
Creators: name: Cristián S. Abdala
name: Baldo, Diego
name: Juárez, Ricardo A.
name: Espinoza, Robert E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Liolaemidae
Liolaemus
Liolaemus boulengeri

description: Liolaemus boulengeri (FML 15733): KP 190030
description: Published as part of Cristián S. Abdala, Diego Baldo, Ricardo A. Juárez & Robert E. Espinoza, 2016, The First Parthenogenetic Pleurodont Iguanian: A New All-female Liolaemus (Squamata: Liolaemidae) from Western Argentina, pp. 487-497 in Copeia 104 (2) on page 495, DOI: 10.1643/CH-15-381, http://zenodo.org/record/269580
Quantum Behaviors on an Excreting Black Hole
Creators: name: Lindesay, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Often, geometries with horizons offer insights into the intricate relationships between general relativity and quantum physics. However, some subtle aspects of gravitating quantum systems might be difficult to ascertain using static backgrounds, since quantum mechanics incorporates dynamic measurability constraints (such as the uncertainty principle, etc.). For this reason, the behaviors of quantum systems on a dynamic black hole background are explored in this paper. The velocities and trajectories of representative outgoing, ingoing, and stationary classical particles are calculated and contrasted, and the dynamics of simple quantum fields (both massless and massive) on the space-time are examined. Invariant densities associated with the quantum fields are exhibited on the Penrose diagram that represents the excreting black hole. Furthermore, a generic approach for the consistent mutual gravitation of quanta in a manner that reproduces the given geometry is developed. The dynamics of the mutually gravitating quantum fields are expressed in terms of the affine parameter that describes local motions of a given quantum type on the space-time. Algebraic equations that relate the energy-momentum densities of the quantum fields to Einstein's tensor can then be developed. An example mutually gravitating system of macroscopically coherent quanta along with a core gravitating field is demonstrated. Since the approach is generic and algebraic, it can be used to represent a variety of systems with specified boundary conditions.
description: 33 pages, 14 figures
Liolaemus calchaqui
Creators: name: Cristián S. Abdala
name: Baldo, Diego
name: Juárez, Ricardo A.
name: Espinoza, Robert E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Liolaemidae
Liolaemus
Liolaemus calchaqui

description: Liolaemus calchaqui (FML 17019): KP 190031
description: Published as part of Cristián S. Abdala, Diego Baldo, Ricardo A. Juárez & Robert E. Espinoza, 2016, The First Parthenogenetic Pleurodont Iguanian: A New All-female Liolaemus (Squamata: Liolaemidae) from Western Argentina, pp. 487-497 in Copeia 104 (2) on page 495, DOI: 10.1643/CH-15-381, http://zenodo.org/record/269580