cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Revisiting linear augmentation for stabilizing stationary solutions: potential pitfalls and their application
Creators: name: Karnatak, Rajat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Linear augmentation has recently been shown to be effective in targeting desired stationary solutions, suppressing bistablity, in regulating the dynamics of drive response systems and in controlling the dynamics of hidden attractors. The simplicity of the procedure is the highlight of this scheme but at the same time questions related to its general applicability still need to be addressed. Focusing on the issue of targeting stationary solutions, this work demonstrates instances where the scheme fails to stabilize the required solutions and leads to other complicated dynamical scenarios. Appropriate examples from conservative as well as dissipative systems are presented in this regard and potential applications for relevant observations in dissipative predator--prey systems are also discussed.
description: updated version with title change, additional figures, text and explanations
Cardiovascular risk factors cause premature rarefaction of the collateral circulation and greater ischemic tissue injury
Creators: name: Zhang, Hua
name: Maeda, Nobuyo
name: Doerschuk, Claire M.
name: Faber, James E.
name: Moore, Scott M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Collaterals lessen tissue injury in occlusive disease. However, aging causes progressive decline in their number and smaller diameters in those that remain (collateral rarefaction), beginning at 16 months-age in mice (ie, middle age), and worse ischemic injury—effects that are accelerated in even 3 months-old eNOS−/− mice. These findings have found indirect support in recent human studies.
Genetic variation in retinal vascular patterning predicts variation in pial collateral extent and stroke severity
Creators: name: Prabhakar, Pranay
name: Faber, James E.
name: Chen, De
name: Zhang, Hua
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: The presence of a native collateral circulation in tissues lessens injury in occlusive vascular diseases. However, differences in genetic background cause wide variation in collateral number and diameter in mice, resulting in large variation in protection. Indirect estimates of collateral perfusion suggest wide variation also exists in humans. Unfortunately, methods used to obtain these estimates are invasive and not widely available. We sought to determine if differences in genetic background in mice result in variation in branch-patterning of the retinal arterial circulation, and if these differences predict strain-dependent differences in pial collateral extent and severity of ischemic stroke. Retinal patterning metrics, collateral extent, and infarct volume were obtained for 10 strains known to differ widely in collateral extent. Multivariate regression was conducted and model performance assessed using K-fold cross-validation. Twenty-one metrics varied with strain (p<0.01). Ten metrics (eg, bifurcation angle, lacunarity, optimality) predicted collateral number and diameter across 7 regression models, with the best model closely predicting (p<0.0001) number (± 1.2-3.4 collaterals, K-fold R2=0.83-0.98), diameter (± 1.2-1.9μm, R2=0.73-0.88) and infarct volume (± 5.1 mm3, R2=0.85-0.87). These metrics obtained for the middle cerebral artery tree in a subset of the above strains also predicted (p<0.0001) collateral number and diameter and diameter, although with less strength (K-fold R2=0.61-0.78) and 0.60-0.86, respectively). Thus, differences in arterial branch-patterning in the retina and the MCA trees are specified by genetic background and predict variation in collateral extent and stroke severity. If also true in human retina, and since genetic variation in cerebral collaterals extends to other tissues at least in mice, a similar “retinal predictor index” could serve as a non-or minimally invasive biomarker for collateral extent in brain and other tissues. This could aid prediction of severity of tissue injury in the event of an occlusive event or development of obstructive disease and in patient stratification for treatment options and clinical studies.
Distinguishability and copiability of programs in general process theories
Creators: name: Chiribella, Giulio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose a notion of state distinguishability that does not refer to probabilities, but rather to the ability of a set of states to serve as programs for a desired set of gates. Using this notion, we reconstruct the structural features of the task of state discrimination, such as the equivalence with cloning and the impossibility to extract information from two non-distinguishable pure states without causing a disturbance. All these features express intrinsic links among operational tasks, which are valid independently of the particular theory under consideration.
description: 14 pages, contribution to the Special Issue on "Quantum Computation and Quantum Information", International Journal of Software and Informatics, S.-L. Luo, M. G. A. Paris, and Y. Shang editors, published version
Controlling Nonequilibrium Bose-Einstein Condensation with Engineered Environments
Creators: name: Petiziol, Francesco
name: Eckardt, André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Out of thermal equilibrium, bosonic quantum systems can Bose-condense away from the ground state, featuring a macroscopic occupation of an excited state or even of multiple states in the so-called Bose-selection scenario. In previous work, a theory was developed that predicts, in which states a driven-dissipative ideal Bose gas condenses. Here, we address the inverse problem: Given a target state with desired condensate fractions in certain single-particle states, how can this configuration be achieved by tuning available control parameters? Which type of experimental setup allows for flexible condensation control? We solve these problems, on the one hand, by proposing a Bose `condenser', experimentally implementable in a superconducting circuit, where targeted Bose condensation into eigenstates of a chain of resonators is driven through the coupling to artificial quantum baths, realized via auxiliary two-level systems. On the other, we develop a theory to solve the inverse problem based on linear programming methods. We further discuss the engineering of transition points between different Bose condensation configurations, which may find application for amplification, heat-flow control, and the design of highly-structured quantum baths.
description: 5 + 11 pages, 3 + 7 figures
Additional file 1: of Risk factors for diagnostic delay in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Creators: name: Hoyer, Nils
name: Prior, Thomas
name: Bendstrup, Elisabeth
name: Wilcke, Torgny
name: Shaker, Saher
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Figure S1. Recruitment and follow-up of participants in the PFBIO cohort. Centre A: Gentofte Hospital, Centre B: Aarhus University Hospital. Figure S2. Diagnostic delay length in all participants where the total delay was possible to calculate (nâ  =â  190). Table S1. Baseline data of participants without a calculated total delay available for analysis. (DOCX 73 kb)
A Reduced Ideal MHD System for Nonlinear Magnetic Field Turbulence in Plasmas with Approximate Flux Surfaces
Creators: name: Sato, Naoki
name: Yamada, Michio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper studies the nonlinear evolution of magnetic field turbulence in proximity of steady ideal MHD configurations characterized by a small electric current, a small plasma flow, and approximate flux surfaces, a physical setting that is relevant for plasma confinement in stellarators. The aim is to gather insight on magnetic field dynamics, to elucidate accessibility and stability of three-dimensional MHD equilibria, as well as to formulate practical methods to compute them. Starting from the ideal MHD equations, a reduced dynamical system of two coupled nonlinear PDEs for the flux function and the angle variable associated with the Clebsch representation of the magnetic field is obtained. It is shown that under suitable boundary and gauge conditions such reduced system preserves magnetic energy, magnetic helicity, and total magnetic flux. The noncanonical Hamiltonian structure of the reduced system is identified, and used to show the nonlinear stability of steady solutions against perturbations involving only one Clebsch potential. The Hamiltonian structure is also applied to construct a dissipative dynamical system through the method of double brackets. This dissipative system enables the computation of MHD equilibria by minimizing energy until a critical point of the Hamiltonian is reached. Finally, an iterative scheme based on the alternate solution of the two steady equations in the reduced system is proposed as a further method to compute MHD equilibria. A theorem is proven which states that the iterative scheme converges to a nontrivial MHD equilbrium as long as solutions exist at each step of the iteration.
description: 21 pages
Annual variation in vocal performance and its relationship with bill morphology in Lincoln's sparrows, Melospiza lincolnii
Creators: name: Sockman, Keith W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Morphology may affect behavioural performance through a direct, physical link or through indirect, secondary mechanisms. Although some evidence suggests that the bill morphology of songbirds directly constrains vocal performance, bill morphology may influence vocal performance through indirect mechanisms also, such as one in which morphology influences foraging and thus the ability to perform some types of vocal behaviour. This raises the possibility for ecologically induced variation in the relationship between morphology and behaviour. To investigate this, I used an information theoretic approach to examine the relationship between bill morphology and several measures of vocal performance in Lincoln’s sparrows (Melospiza lincolnii). I compared this relationship between two breeding seasons that differed markedly in ambient temperatures, phenology of habitat maturation, and food abundance. I found a strong curvilinear relationship between bill shape (height/width) and vocal performance in the seemingly less hospitable season but not in the other, leading to a difference between seasons in the population’s mean vocal performance. Currently, I do not know the cause of this annual variation. However, it could be due to the effects of bill shape on foraging and therefore on time budget, energy balance, or some other behavioural or physiological response that manifests mostly under difficult environmental conditions or, alternatively, to associations between male quality and both vocal performance and bill shape. Regardless of the cause, these results suggest the presence of an indirect, ecologically mediated link between morphology and behavioural performance, leading to annual variation in the prevailing environment of acoustic signals.
MOESM2 of Drug transporter and oxidative stress gene expression in human macrophages infected with benznidazole-sensitive and naturally benznidazole-resistant Trypanosoma cruzi parasites treated with benznidazole
Creators: name: Téllez, Jair
name: Ibeth Romero
name: Romanha, Alvaro
name: Steindel, Mario
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Regulation of oxidative stress gene expression levels in human THP-1 MΦ cells by benznidazole (BZ) and T. cruzi infection.
Modules over invertible 1-cocycles
Creators: name: Vilaboa, José Manuel Fernández
name: Rodríguez, Ramón González
name: Pérez, Brais Ramos
name: Raposo, Ana Belén Rodríguez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18M05, 16T05, 18G45, 16S40

description: In this paper we introduce in a braided setting the notion of left module for an invertible 1-cocycle and we prove some categorical equivalences between categories of modules associated to an invertible 1-cocycle and categories of modules associated to Hopf braces.
Jesus als Kind und sein Lob des Kindes
Creators: name: Balthasar, Hans Urs Von
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 14 Nr. 2 (1985): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 14, Heft 2
A degenerate Hopf bifurcation in retarded functional differential equations, and applications to endemic bubbles
Creators: name: LeBlanc, Victor G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34K18, 37G05, 37G25

description: In this paper, we study degenerate Hopf bifurcations in a class of parametrized retarded functional differential equations. Specifically, we are interested in the case where the eigenvalue crossing condition of the classical Hopf bifurcation theorem is violated. Our approach is based on center manifold reduction and Poincare-Birkhoff normal forms, and a singularity theoretical classification of this degenerate Hopf bifurcation. Our results are then applied to a recently developed SIS model incorporating a delayed behavioral response. We show that the phenomenon of endemic bubbles, which is characterized by a branch of periodic solutions which bifurcates from the endemic equilibrium at some value of the basic reproduction number R0, and then reconnects to the endemic equilibrium at a larger value of R0, originates in a codimension-two organizing center where the eigenvalue crossing condition for the Hopf bifurcation theorem is violated.
Testing GeV-Scale Dark Matter with Fixed-Target Missing Momentum Experiments
Creators: name: Izaguirre, Eder
name: Krnjaic, Gordan
name: Schuster, Philip
name: Toro, Natalia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe an approach to detect dark matter and other invisible particles with mass below a GeV, exploiting missing energy-momentum measurements and other kinematic features of fixed-target production. In the case of an invisibly decaying MeV-GeV-scale dark photon, this approach can improve on present constraints by 2-6 orders of magnitude over the entire mass range, reaching sensitivity as low as $ε^2\sim 10^{-14}$. Moreover, the approach can explore essentially all of the viable parameter space for thermal or asymmetric dark matter annihilating through the vector portal.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables. Typos in Figs 2 and 6 corrected, conclusions unchanged, matches PRD version
An Empirical Model For Intrinsic Alignments: Insights From Cosmological Simulations
Creators: name: Van Alfen, Nicholas
name: Campbell, Duncan
name: Blazek, Jonathan
name: Leonard, C. Danielle
name: Lanusse, Francois
name: Hearin, Andrew
name: Mandelbaum, Rachel
name: Collaboration, The LSST Dark Energy Science
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend current models of the halo occupation distribution (HOD) to include a flexible, empirical framework for the forward modeling of the intrinsic alignment (IA) of galaxies. A primary goal of this work is to produce mock galaxy catalogs for the purpose of validating existing models and methods for the mitigation of IA in weak lensing measurements. This technique can also be used to produce new, simulation-based predictions for IA and galaxy clustering. Our model is probabilistically formulated, and rests upon the assumption that the orientations of galaxies exhibit a correlation with their host dark matter (sub)halo orientation or with their position within the halo. We examine the necessary components and phenomenology of such a model by considering the alignments between (sub)halos in a cosmological dark matter only simulation. We then validate this model for a realistic galaxy population in a set of simulations in the IllustrisTNG suite. We create an HOD mock with TNG-like correlations using our method, constraining the associated IA model parameters, with the $χ^2_{\rm dof}$ between our model's correlations and those of Illustris matching as closely as 1.4 and 1.1 for orientation--position and orientation--orientation correlation functions, respectively. By modeling the misalignment between galaxies and their host halo, we show that the 3-dimensional two-point position and orientation correlation functions of simulated (sub)halos and galaxies can be accurately reproduced from quasi-linear scales down to $0.1~h^{-1}{\rm Mpc}$. We also find evidence for environmental influence on IA within a halo. Our publicly-available software provides a key component enabling efficient determination of Bayesian posteriors on IA model parameters using observational measurements of galaxy-orientation correlation functions in the highly nonlinear regime.
description: 19 pages, 13 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication by The Open Journal of Astrophysics, code available at https://github.com/astropy/halotools
Unicity of types for supercuspidal representations of p-adic SL(2)
Creators: name: Latham, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22E50

description: We consider the question of unicity of types on maximal compact subgroups for supercuspidal representations of $\mathbf{SL}_2$ over a nonarchimedean local field of odd residual characteristic. We introduce the notion of an archetype as the $\mathbf{SL}_2$-conjugacy class of a typical representation of a maximal compact subgroup, and go on to show that any archetype in $\mathbf{SL}_2$ is restricted from one in $\mathbf{GL}_2$. From this it follows that any archetype must be induced from a Bushnell--Kutzko type. Given a supercuspidal representation $π$, we give an additional explicit description of the number of archetypes admitted by $π$ in terms of its ramification. We also describe a relationship between archetypes for $\mathbf{GL}_2$ and $\mathbf{SL}_2$ in terms of $L$-packets, and deduce an inertial Langlands correspondence for $\mathbf{SL}_2$.
description: 18 pages
Synchronization of Interacting Quantum Dipoles
Creators: name: Zhu, Bihui
name: Schachenmayer, Johannes
name: Xu, Minghui
name: Herrera, F.
name: Restrepo, Juan G.
name: Holland, Murray J.
name: Rey, Ana Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Macroscopic ensembles of radiating dipoles are ubiquitous in the physical and natural sciences. In the classical limit the dipoles can be described as damped-driven oscillators, which are able to spontaneously synchronize and collectively lock their phases. Here we investigate the correspond- ing phenomenon in the quantum regime with arrays of quantized two-level systems coupled via long-range and anisotropic dipolar interactions. Our calculations demonstrate that the dipoles may overcome the decoherence induced by quantum fluctuations and inhomogeneous couplings and evolve to a synchronized steady-state. This steady-state bears much similarity to that observed in classical systems, and yet also exhibits genuine quantum properties such as quantum correlations and quan- tum phase diffusion (reminiscent of lasing). Our predictions could be relevant for the development of better atomic clocks and a variety of noise tolerant quantum devices.
Cylindroiulus caeruleocinctus
Creators: name: Shelley, Rowland M.
name: Snyder, Bruce A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Diplopoda
Julida
Julidae
Cylindroiulus
Cylindroiulus caeruleocinctus

description: Cylindroiulus caeruleocinctus (Wood, 1864)
Published records. None.
New records. Minnesota: Norman Co., 7.2 km (4.5 mi) E. Borup, 12 September 1999, M. Dahl (NDSU-1).
North Dakota: Cass Co., Fargo, North Dakota State University campus (46 o 53' 34" N, 96 o 48' 5" W), 31 August 1999, BW Poeches (NDSU-1), 8-9 September 1999, J. Grove, M. Grady (NDSU-4), 20 September 1999, J. Krel (NDSU-1). Cavalier Co., Munich, 23 September 1999, J. Bittner (NDSU-1). New State Record for the Species, Genus, and Family.
South Dakota: Lincoln Co., Newton Hills State Park (43 o 13' 29" N, 96 o 34' 51" W), 2FF, juvs., 7 August 2011, RM Shelley, BA Snyder (NCSM). Minnehaha Co., Palisades State Park (43 o 41' 26" N, 96 o 30' 58" W), 6FF, juvs., 8 August 2011, RM Shelley (NCSM). Roberts Co., 8 km (5 mi) N. Roshalt, 23 September 1999, DL Heitkamp (NDSU-1). New State Record for the Species, Genus, and Family.
Remarks. This native European species was the only introduced milliped we encountered in the field. While Palisades State Park, Minnehaha Co., is near Sioux Falls and allochthonous species typically predominate in urban areas, Newton Hills is isolated among farmland on the western side of the Big Sioux River; for an introduced species to be prominent in such a place is unusual. Somatic and gonopodal illustrations are available in Blower (1985).
description: Published as part of Shelley, Rowland M. & Snyder, Bruce A., 2012, Millipeds from the eastern Dakotas and western Minnesota, USA, with an account of Pseudopolydesmus serratus (Say, 1821) (Polydesmida: Polydesmidae); first published records from six states and the District of Columbia, pp. 1-17 in Insecta Mundi 2012 (239) on page 3, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5174370
αβ T cells and a mixed Th1/Th17 response are important in organic dust-induced airway disease
Creators: name: Bauer, Christopher
name: Romberger, Debra J.
name: Kielian, Tammy
name: Gleason, Angela M.
name: Reynolds, Stephen J.
name: Poole, Jill A.
name: Alexis, Neil
name: West, William W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Abstract Background Organic dust exposure in agricultural environments induces an inflammatory response that attenuates over time, yet repetitive dust exposures result in chronic lung diseases. Animal models resembling this chronic lung inflammatory response have been developed, yet the underlying cellular mechanisms are not well defined. Objective Because mice repetitively exposed to organic dust extracts (DE) display increased CD3+ T cell lung infiltrates, we sought to determine the phenotype and importance of these cells. Methods Mice received swine confinement DE repetitively for 3 weeks by established intranasal inhalation protocol. Studies were conducted with peptidoglycan (PGN) because it is a major DE component in large animal farming environments and has shared similar biologic effects with DE. Enumeration of T cells and intracellular cytokine profiles were conducted by flow cytometry techniques. Whole lung homogenate cytokines were analyzed by multiplex immunoassay. T cell receptor (TCR) αβ knockouts were used to determine the functional importance of αβ-expressing T cells. Results DE increased lung-associated CD3+CD4+ T cells and interleukin (IL)-17 (but not IL-4, interferon [IFN]-γ, IL-10) producing CD4+ T cells. PGN treatment resulted in increased IL-17 and IFN-γ producing CD4+ T cells and IFN-γ producing CD8+ T cells. Both DE and PGN augmented expression of cytokines associated with Th1 and Th17 polarization in lung homogenates. DE-induced lung mononuclear aggregates and bronchiolar compartment inflammation were significantly reduced in TCR knockout animals; however, neutrophil influx and alveolar compartment inflammation were not affected. Conclusion Studies demonstrated that DE and PGN exposure promote a Th1/Th17 lung microenvironment and that αβ-expressing T cells are important in mediating DE-induced lung pathologic conditions.
Depression and functioning in relation to health care use in sickle cell disease
Creators: name: Grant, Merida M.
name: Abrams, Mary
name: Floyd, Marnita Y.
name: Gil, Karen M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: The purpose of the current study was to investigate depression and health care use in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). Forty-four adults with SCD were interviewed and data from 43 participants, both with (n = 11) and without (n = 32) depression, were used for further analyses. Data from one potential subject were excluded on the basis of diagnosis. The full evaluation included the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R Disorders (SCID) and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies–Depression Scale (CES-D), as well as measures of psychosocial and behavioral functioning. Good between-instrument agreement was found between the self-report and interview-based measures of depression. However, the functioning data did not entirely support the use of a more stringent cutoff score on the CES-D. Findings suggest that the purpose of the evaluation should be factored into the decision-making process when determining which cutoff score should be utilized (i.e. what is the cost–benefit ratio for false-positives vs. false-negatives). A series of hierarchical regression analyses supported the finding that disease severity alone does not explain the level of functioning displayed by patients. More importantly, the patient’s perceived functioning was the best indicator of health care use within a 1-year period. Furthermore, specific interventions that target negative thinking and distorted cognitions, as well as provide psychoeducation, such as cognitive–behavioral therapy, need to be further explored within this population.
The Heterogeneous Treatment Effect of Marijuana Legalization on Crime Rates
Creators: name: Ding, Yi
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: 
This study examines the heterogeneous treatment effect of marijuana legalization on crime rates in USA based on the crime data reported by institutions and provided by Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) programming from 1994 to 2016. Four types of crime are analyzed, including drug-related crime, violent crime, property crime, and sex-related crime, where drug-related crime being the main dependent variable and the others being estimated as the spillover effect. There are two types of treatment to be considered: medical legalization and recreational legalization. For medical legalization, I first applied baseline Difference-in-Differences (DID), then conducted event study to investigate if the treatment effect varies across time, and finally used the Dynamic Treatment Effect to formally test it. For recreational legalization, I applied Generalized Difference- in-Differences (GDID), a new method proposed by Kedagni and Ban (2022) to create a bound for the treatment effect, which is robust to the violation of Parallel Trend Assumption (PTA). As a result, the study finds a significantly negative effect for both recreational and medical legalization on drug-related crime rate. The spillover effect shows that recreational legalization has a negative impact on other categories of crime, but medical legalization has an insignificant effect.
Preliminary Evaluation of the Effects of Body Habitus and Race on Pembrolizumab Response and Toxicity in Patients with Endometrial Cancer
Creators: name: Stocks, Sydney
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Introduction: Endometrial cancer (EC) is increasing in both incidence and mortality. Black women are twice as likely to die from EC than women of other races. Additionally, overweight and obese women are at higher risk of developing and dying from EC. Pembrolizumab alone or combined with lenvatinib is used in patients with advanced and metastatic EC who progress following front-line chemotherapy with paclitaxel/carboplatin. Currently, pembrolizumab is administered at a flat dose of 200 mg every 3 weeks or 400 mg every 6 weeks. Preliminary studies suggest that race and body habitus may impact the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of antibodies (mAb).  Thus, we retrospectively evaluated the impact of these factors on pembrolizumab efficacy and toxicity in patients with EC. 
Methods: This study reviewed 104 electronic medical records of UNC Hospitals patients with EC who received pembrolizumab alone or combined with lenvatinib. The association between race and measures of body habitus (normal weight, overweight, obese, and severely obese), and efficacy [objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS)] and toxicity (type, grade and frequency) endpoints were evaluated.
	Results: There was a trend that overweight, obese, and severely obese patients had a lower progression free survival than normal weight patients; however, these differences were not statistically significant (P>0.05). Mean +/- standard deviation PFS in days by category of body habitus was 221 +/- 265 days for normal weight patients, 196 +/- 259 days for overweight patients, 223 +/- 208 days for obese patients, and 283 +/- 300 days for severely obese patients. Mean +/- standard deviation PFS for White patients was 215 +/- 253 days compared with 237 +/- 240 days in Black patients. There was a trend that obese Black patients (175.67 +/- 151.61 (55 – 582) had a lower PFS than non-obese Black patients (305.38 +/- 295.47); however, these results were not statistically significant. There was no statistically significant difference in ORR between any group. The number of patients experiencing at least one pembrolizumab toxicity, the average number of toxicities per patient, and the number of patients who discontinued pembrolizumab in relation to toxicities did not differ significantly between race or body habitus groups. 
Discussion: There was a trend that overweight, obese, and severely obese patients had a lower progression free survival than normal weight patients.  In addition, there was a trend that obese non-Black patients had a lower PFS than non-obese Black patients. However, these differences were not statistically significant (P>0.05). These preliminary results need to be further evaluated in a larger study.
Robust flat bands in RCo5 (R=rare earth) compounds
Creators: name: Ochi, Masayuki
name: Arita, Ryotaro
name: Matsumoto, Munehisa
name: Kino, Hiori
name: Miyake, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mechanism to realize the peculiar flat bands generally existing in RCo5 (R=rare earth) compounds is clarified by analyzing the first-principles band structures and the tight-binding model. These flat bands are constructed from the localized eigenstates, the existence of which is guaranteed by the partial cancelation between the intersite hopping amplitudes among the Co-3d states at the Kagome sites and those between the Kagome and honeycomb sites. Their relative positions to other bands can be controlled by varying the lattice parameters keeping their dispersion almost flat, which suggests the possibility of flat-band engineering.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Katholikentage
Creators: name: Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg, Karl Zu
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 14 Nr. 1 (1985): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 14, Heft 1
Energy-tunable sources of entangled photons: a viable concept for solid-state-based quantum relays
Creators: name: Trotta, Rinaldo
name: Martín-Sánchez, Javier
name: Daruka, Istvan
name: Ortix, Carmine
name: Rastelli, Armando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new method of generating triggered entangled photon pairs with wavelength on demand. The method uses a micro-structured semiconductor-piezoelectric device capable of dynamically reshaping the electronic properties of self-assembled quantum dots (QDs) via anisotropic strain-engineering. Theoretical models based on kp theory in combination with finite-element calculations show that the energy of the polarization-entangled photons emitted by QDs can be tuned in a range larger than 100 meV without affecting the degree of entanglement of the quantum source. These results pave the way towards the deterministic implementation of QD entanglement resources in all-electrically-controlled solid-state-based quantum relays.
Obesogenic Clusters: Multidimensional Adolescent Obesity-related Behaviors in the U.S.
Creators: name: Adair, Linda S.
name: Gordon-Larsen, Penny
name: Boone-Heinonen, Janne
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Diet, physical activity, and psychosocial factors are independent and potentially interactive obesity determinants, but few studies have explored complex behavior patterns.
A new optimal estimate for the norm of time-frequency localization operators
Creators: name: Riccardi, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we provide an optimal estimate for the operator norm of time-frequency localization operators with Gaussian window $L_{F,φ} : L^2(\mathbb{R}^d) \rightarrow L^2(\mathbb{R}^d)$, under the assumption that $F \in L^p(\mathbb{R}^{2d}) \cap L^q(\mathbb{R}^{2d})$ for some $p$ and $q$ in $(1,+\infty)$. We are also able to characterize optimal weight functions, whose shape turns out to depend on the ratio $\|F\|_q / \|F\|_p$. Roughly speaking, if this ratio is "sufficiently large" or "sufficiently small" optimal weight functions are certain Gaussians, while if it is in the intermediate regime the optimal functions are no longer Gaussians. As an application, we extend Lieb's uncertainty inequality to the space $L^p + L^q$.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure
A Randomized Trial of Tailoring and Motivational Interviewing to Promote Fruit and Vegetable Consumption for Cancer Prevention and Control
Creators: name: Amamoo, M. Ahinee
name: Biddle, Andrea
name: Sandler, Robert
name: DeVellis, Brenda
name: Carr, Carol
name: Zhou, Bingqing
name: Walsh, Joan
name: Campbell, Marci Kramish
name: Switzer, Boyd
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Healthful dietary patterns, including eating fruits and vegetables (F&V) and avoiding obesity may decrease the risk of cancer and other chronic diseases. In addition to promoting health for the general population, a cancer diagnosis may provide a “teachable moment,” facilitating the adoption of more healthful eating habits and leading to lower risk of chronic disease and better overall health.
Naloxone Analogy and Opioid Overdose Terminology Preferences among Rural Caregivers: Differences by Race
Creators: name: Hosea, Kalynn
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Background: Despite national and state policies aimed at increasing naloxone access via pharmacies, opioid overdose death rates rose during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly among Blacks and American Indians (AI) in rural areas. Caregivers, or third parties who can administer naloxone during an overdose event, are important individuals in the naloxone administration cascade, yet no studies have explored rural caregivers’ opioid overdose terminology and naloxone analogy preferences or whether these preferences differ by race.
 
Objectives: To identify rural caregivers’ overdose terminology and naloxone analogy preferences and determine whether preferences differ by race.

Methods: A sample of 40 caregivers who lived with someone at high risk of overdose and used pharmacies in four largely rural states was recruited. Each caregiver completed a demographic survey and a 20-45-minute audio-recorded semi-structured interview that was transcribed, de-identified and imported into a qualitative software package for thematic analysis by two independent coders using a codebook. Overdose terminology and naloxone analogy preferences were analyzed for differences by race.

Results: The sample was 57.5% White, 35% Black, and 7.5% AI. Many participants (43%) preferred that pharmacists use the term “bad reaction” to refer to overdose events over the terms “accidental overdose” (37%) and “overdose” (20%). The majority of White and Black participants preferred “bad reaction” while AI participants preferred “accidental overdose.” For naloxone analogies, “EpiPen” was most preferred (64%), regardless of race. “Fire extinguisher” (17%), “lifesaver” (9.5%), and other analogies (9.5%) were preferred by some White and Black participants but not AI participants. 

Conclusion: Our findings suggest that pharmacists should use the “bad reaction” term and “EpiPen” analogy when counseling rural caregivers about overdose and naloxone, respectively. Caregivers’ preferences varied by race, suggesting that pharmacists may want to tailor the terminology and analogy they use when discussing naloxone with caregivers.
The Effectiveness of the Paycheck Protection Program on County-Level Employment in North Carolina
Creators: name: Selley, Audrey
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: In response to the severe economic recession engendered by the COVID-19 pandemic, the Small Business Administration began the Paycheck Protection Program, in which over $800 billion in loans were disbursed to small businesses with the aim of bolstering their revenues and keeping workers on payroll. Whereas previous research covering the initial round or two of loans has found negligible short-term impacts on employment, this paper analyzes the entire span of the program from April 3, 2020, to May 31, 2021, in North Carolina and through employing a lagged dependent variable model and growth model, finds that loans have a significant and positive effect on employment that increases and peaks 5-6 months after disbursement. Using weekly data on the level of employment and small business openings and revenues relative to January 2020 from the Opportunity Insights Economic Tracker, I also show that loans were less effective in counties with a large percentage Black population, and employment levels were lower in counties with high income inequality over the span of the PPP. Overall, my findings suggest that payroll-incentive policies such as the PPP are ineffective in the short-term when the root economic crisis is due to health concerns, but it played a crucial role in keeping small businesses afloat and boosting revenues in the short-term, which later contributed to positive long-term employment impacts.
Cost Effectiveness of Internet Interventions: Review and Recommendations
Creators: name: Tate, Deborah F.
name: Khavjou, Olga
name: Gustafson, Alison
name: Finkelstein, Eric A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: BackgroundInternet interventions have a large potential for public health impact, and their efficacy has been established over the past 10–15years. Cost effectiveness of Internet interventions is one of the most frequently cited reasons for developing such treatments.PurposeThis paper provides a review of economic evaluations of Internet interventions with specific recommendations for future economic analyses of Internet interventions.MethodsA review of PubMed from 1995 through 2008 was conducted.ResultsWe identified eight studies that reported specific economic indicators associated with an Internet intervention, though many were lacking comprehensive analyses. Issues related to analysis perspective, included costs, type of analysis performed, and appropriate outcomes for Internet interventions are explored.ConclusionsThe lack of cost data published to date is likely a reflection of the early stage of research for many papers published during the review period. As the field now moves to effectiveness studies, it is important for cost-effectiveness data to be collected.
Gravitational Waves on Charged Black Hole Backgrounds in Modified Gravity
Creators: name: Varela, Miguel Barroso
name: Rauch, Hugo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stability of Reissner-Nördstrom black holes with an extremal mass-charge relation was determined by calculating the propagation speed of gravitational waves on this background in an effective field theory (EFT) of gravity. New results for metric components are shown, along with the corresponding new extremal relation, part of which differs by a global factor of 2 from the past published work. This new relation further develops the existing constraints on EFT parameters. The radial propagation speed for gravitational waves in the Regge-Wheeler gauge was calculated linearly for all perturbations, yielding exact luminality for all dimension-4 operators. The dimension-6 radial speed modifications introduce no constraints on the sign of the modified theory parameters from causality arguments, while the deviation from classical theories vanishes at both horizons. The angular speed was found to be altered for the dimension-4 operators, with possible new constraints on the modified theory being suggested from causality arguments. Results are consistent existing literature on Schwarzschild black hole backgrounds, with some EFT terms becoming active only in non-vacuum spacetimes such as Reissner-Nördstrom black holes.
description: 22 pages, 1 figure
Hamiltonian Reconstruction: the Correlation Matrix and Incomplete Operator Bases
Creators: name: Brito, Lucas Z.
name: Carr, Stephen
name: Jacoby, J. Alexander
name: Marston, J. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the robustness of the correlation matrix Hamiltonian reconstruction technique with respect to the choice of operator basis, studying the effects of bases that are undercomplete and over-complete -- too few or too many operators respectively. An approximation scheme for reconstructing from an undercomplete basis is proposed and performed numerically on select models. We discuss the confounding effects of conserved quantities and symmetries on reconstruction attempts. We apply these considerations to a variety of one-dimensional systems in zero- and finite-temperature regimes.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
Aniulus garius
Creators: name: Shelley, Rowland M.
name: Snyder, Bruce A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Diplopoda
Julida
Parajulidae
Aniulus
Aniulus garius

description: Aniulus garius (Chamberlin, 1912)
Published Records. Minnesota: Minnesota in general (Causey 1952a). Itasca Co., Lake Itasca State Park (Shelley 2001a).
North Dakota: North Dakota in general (Causey 1952a, Chamberlin and Hoffman 1958, Kevan 1983, Hoffman 1999 [as A. bollmani Causey 1952a]). Grand Forks Co., Turtle River State Park (Causey 1950, Shelley 2001a, McAllister et al. 2009). Richland Co., H.R. Morgan Nature Preserve (=Mirror Pool) (McAllister et al. 2009).
South Dakota: Lincoln Co., Newton Hills State Park (McAllister et al. 2009).
New Record. North Dakota: Cass Co., Fargo, North Dakota State University campus, 6MM, 8-9 September 1999, JD Matson, S. Arta, PS Gunderson, M. Carlson (NDSU).
Remarks. Published illustrations are available in Causey (1952a [as A. bollmani]), Shelley (1988 [as A. bollmani], 2001a), and McAllister et al. (2009).
description: Published as part of Shelley, Rowland M. & Snyder, Bruce A., 2012, Millipeds from the eastern Dakotas and western Minnesota, USA, with an account of Pseudopolydesmus serratus (Say, 1821) (Polydesmida: Polydesmidae); first published records from six states and the District of Columbia, pp. 1-17 in Insecta Mundi 2012 (239) on page 3, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5174370
Mediators Affecting Girls’ Levels of Physical Activity Outside of School: Findings from the Trial of Activity in Adolescent Girls
Creators: name: Murray, David M.
name: Metcalfe, Lauve
name: Evenson, Kelly R.
name: Lytle, Leslie A.
name: Parra-Medina, Deborah
name: Moody, Jamie
name: Pratt, Charlotte A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Providing after school activities is a community level approach for reducing the decline in physical activity of girls as they reach early adolescence.
Ferromagnetic Coulomb phase in classical spin ice
Creators: name: Powell, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin ice is a frustrated magnetic system that at low temperatures exhibits a Coulomb phase, a classical spin liquid with topological order and deconfined excitations. This work establishes the presence of a Coulomb phase with coexisting ferromagnetic order in a microscopic model of classical spin ice subject to uniaxial lattice distortion. General theoretical arguments are presented for the presence of such a phase, and its existence is confirmed using Monte Carlo results. This example is used to illustrate generic properties of spin liquids with magnetic order, including deconfinement of monopoles, signatures in the neutron-scattering structure factor, and critical behavior at phase transitions. An analogous phase, a superfluid with spontaneously broken particle-hole symmetry, is demonstrated in a model of hard-core lattice bosons, related to spin ice through the quantum-classical correspondence.
description: 12 pages, 16 figures; v2: new Fig. 9 showing effective potential between monopoles