cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Number-theoretic generalization of the Monster denominator formula
Creators: name: Bringmann, Kathrin
name: Kane, Ben
name: Löbrich, Steffen
name: Ono, Ken
name: Rolen, Larry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The denominator formula for the Monster Lie algebra is the product expansion for the modular function $j(z)-j(τ)$ in terms of the Hecke system of $\operatorname{SL}_2(\mathbb{Z})$-modular functions $j_n(τ)$. This formula can be reformulated entirely number-theoretically. Namely, it is equivalent to the description of the generating function for the $j_n(z)$ as a weight 2 modular form in $τ$ with a pole at $z$. Although these results rely on the fact that $X_0(1)$ has genus 0, here we obtain a generalization, framed in terms of polar harmonic Maass forms, for all of the $X_0(N)$ modular curves. In this survey we discuss this generalization, and we offer an introduction to the theory of polar harmonic Maass forms. We conclude with applications to formulas of Ramanujan and Green's functions.
description: accepted for publication in Journal of Physics A, arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1609.08100
Automatic Easy-to-Read Translation of Morphological Structures in Spanish Texts: Supplementary Information
Creators: name: Suárez-Figueroa, Mari Carmen
name: Diab, Isam
name: González Sanz, Álvaro
name: Rivero-Espinosa, Jesica
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Easy-to-Read, Cognitive Accessibility, User Study

description: This record presents the supplementary information of the paper entitled "Automatic Easy-to-Read Translation of Morphological Structures in Spanish Texts": 2 PDF files that show the questionnaires we used in the user study described in the paper 2 CSV documents that contains the responses obtained in the user study performed in the context of the paper.
Testing the conservative character of particle simulations: II. Spurious heating of guiding centers and full orbits subject to fluctuations expressed in terms of ${\bf E}$ and ${\bf B}$
Creators: name: Bierwage, Andreas
name: Shinohara, Kouji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For an axisymmetric tokamak plasma, Hamiltonian theory predicts that the orbits of charged particles must stay on invariant tori of conserved energy in the moving frame of reference of a wave that propagates along the torus with a fixed angular phase velocity. In principle, this is true for arbitrary mode structures in the poloidal plane, but only if the fluctuations are expressed in terms of potentials $Φ$ and ${\bf A}$, which satisfy Faraday's law by definition. Here, we use the physical fields ${\bf E}$ and ${\bf B}$, where Faraday's law may be violated by errors introduced during the process of computing or designing the wave field through numerical inaccuracies, approximations, or gross negligence. Numerical heating caused by noise-like artifacts on the grid scale can to some extent be reduced via shorter time steps. In contrast, coherent inconsistencies between ${\bf E}$ and ${\bf B}$ cause spurious acceleration that is independent of time steps or numerical methods, but can be sensitive to geometry. In particular, we show that secular acceleration is enhanced when one imposes nonnormal modes that possess strong up-down asymmetry instead of the usual in-out asymmetry of normal toroidal (eigen)modes. Our tests are performed for full gyroorbit and guiding center (GC) models, which give similar results. In addition, we show that $N$-point gyroaveraging is not a recommendable method to enhance the realism of GC simulations. Besides breaking conservation laws, $N$-point gyroaveraging in our example makes the GC results deviate further from the full orbit results, showing that this method can even give the wrong trend.
description: 18 pages Main + 12 pages Appendix, 17 figures. Submitted
Universal self-similar scaling of spatial Wilson loops out of equilibrium
Creators: name: Berges, J.
name: Mace, M.
name: Schlichting, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate strongly correlated non-Abelian plasmas out of equilibrium. Based on numerical simulations, we establish a self-similar scaling property for the time evolution of spatial Wilson loops that characterizes a universal state of matter far from equilibrium. Most remarkably, it exhibits a generalized area law which holds for sufficiently large ratio of spatial area and fractional power of time. Performing calculations also for the perturbative regime at higher momenta, we are able to characterize the full nonthermal scaling properties of SU(2) and SU(3) symmetric plasmas from short to large distance scales in terms of two independent universal exponents and associated scaling functions.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, PRL version (minor text changes)
Origin of the spontaneous oscillations in a simplified coagulation-fragmentation system driven by a source
Creators: name: Fortin, Jean-Yves
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a system of aggregated clusters of particles, subjected to coagulation and fragmentation processes with mass dependent rates. Each monomer particle can aggregate with larger clusters, and each cluster can fragment into individual monomers with a rate directly proportional to the aggregation rate. The dynamics of the cluster densities is governed by a set of Smoluchowski equations, and we consider the addition of a source of monomers at constant rate. The whole dynamics can be reduced to solving a unique non-linear differential equation which displays self-oscillations in a specific range of parameters, and for a number of distinct clusters in the system large enough. This collective phenomenon is due to the presence of a fluctuating damping coefficient and is closely related to the Liénard self-oscillation mechanism observed in a more general class of physical systems such as the van der Pol oscillator.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures
Assembly patterns and key taxa of bacterial communities in the rhizosphere soil of moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) under different Cd and Pb pollution
Creators: name: Wu, Yingjie
name: He, Hua
name: Ren, Jiayi
name: Shen, Hongchi
name: Sahito, Zulfiqar Ali
name: Li, Bing
name: Tang, Xiaoyan
name: Tao, Qi
name: Huang, Rong
name: Wang, Changquan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Moso bamboo is excellent candidate for cadmium (Cd)/lead (Pb) phytoremediation, while rhizosphere microbiome has significant impact on phytoremediation efficiency of host plant. However, little is known about the rhizosphere bacterial communities of moso bamboo in Cd/Pb contaminated soils. Therefore, this study investigated the assembly patterns and key taxa of rhizosphere bacterial communities of moso bamboo in Cd/Pb polluted and unpolluted soils, by field sampling, chemical analysis, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The results indicated α-diversity between Cd/Pb polluted and unpolluted soils showed a similar pattern (p > 0.05), while β-diversity was significantly different (p < 0.05). The relative abundance analysis indicated α-proteobacteria (37%) and actinobacteria (31%) were dominant in Cd/Pb polluted soils, while γ-proteobacteria (40%) and α-proteobacteria (22%) were dominant in unpolluted soils. Co-occurrence network analysis indicated microbial networks were less complex and more negative in polluted soils than in unpolluted soils. Mantel analysis indicated soil available phosphorus, organic matter, and available Pb were the most important environmental factors affecting microbial community structure. Correlation analysis showed 11 bacterial genera were significantly positively related to Cd/Pb. Overall, this study identified the bacterial community composition of bamboo rhizosphere in responding to Cd/Pb contamination and provides a theoretical basis for microbe-assistant phytoremediation in the future. To date, little is known about the bacterial communities in the rhizosphere of moso bamboo under Cd and Pb multiple stresses. This study investigated the assembly patterns and key taxa of rhizospheric bacterial communities of moso bamboo in Cd/Pb polluted and unpolluted soils. It was found that the bacterial community structure in bamboo rhizosphere is easily influenced by soil chemical environment, such as fertilities and heavy metals. The key bacterial taxa identified here could be target microbe in future microbe-assistant phytoremediation.
Droplet penetration through an inclined mesh
Creators: name: Xu, Long
name: Zong, Shaoqiang
name: Hao, Jiguang
name: Floryan, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Droplets with different Weber numbers We impacting meshes at various inclination angles were investigated using high-speed photography. It was found that the droplet mesh penetration can be completely suppressed by inclining the mesh. The phase diagrams in the (We, α) plane determining the expected type of penetration have been determined experimentally for meshes of various structures. It was shown that the Weber numbers for transition between no-penetration and incomplete penetration as well as for transition between incomplete penetration and complete penetration increase monotonically with α. A simple model for predicting the transition thresholds is proposed and is validated by comparisons with experimental results. It is shown that both the inclination angle and the mesh open area fraction determine the type of penetration.
Gravitino/Axino as Decaying Dark Matter and Cosmological Tensions
Creators: name: Hamaguchi, Koichi
name: Nakayama, Kazunori
name: Tang, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In supersymmetric axion models, if the gravitino or axino is the lightest SUSY particle (LSP), the other is often the next-to-LSP (NLSP). We investigate the cosmology of such a scenario and point out that the lifetime of the NLSP naturally becomes comparable to the present age of the universe in a viable parameter region. This is a well-motivated example of the so-called decaying dark matter model, which is recently considered as an extension of the $Λ$CDM model to relax some cosmological tensions.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures, Journal version
SYNTHESIS OF NEW Α-HYDROXY-Β-AMINO ACID UNITS BY STEREOSELECTIVE MANNICH-LIKE CONDENSATION
Creators: name: PECNIKAJ, ILIR
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2014

description: a-Hydroxy-?-amino acids are a subgroup of ?-amino acids present in molecules of great biological interest such as ornicorrugatin, a new lipopeptidic siderophore; KRI-1314, a potent human renin inhibitor polypeptide; amastatin, a tetrapeptide with immunoregulatory, antitumor, and antibacterial activity; microginin; threo- ?-benzyloxyaspartate (TBOA), the first nontransportable blocker for all subtypes of excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs); and most of all, taxane derivatives. In this last case, since the ?-hydroxy-?-amino propanoic acid plays an important role in the interaction with the bioreceptor as well as in increasing the bioavailability of the molecule, several SAR studies were performed including modifications of the skeleton and of the functional groups linked to the heteroatoms. Phenylisoserine, whose backbone is present in taxane derivatives, is an important synthetic target. This molecule possesses in its structure both a hydrophobic phenyl ring at C3, and a polar hydroxyl group at C2. The main target of the researches related to this PhD thesis is the preparation of two classes of ?-hydroxy-?-amino acids, bis-?-hydroxy-?-amino acids and ?-hydroxy-?-aziridyl carboxylic acids. Our synthetic approach was addressed to the preparation of dual ?-hydroxy-?-amino acids substituted at C-? with an aryl group. The protocol for their preparation is straightforward and consists in two steps. As shown in the Retro-synthetic scheme A below, the ?Ley?s lactone? strategy was used to include the glycolic acid moiety into the target molecule. Through a Mannich-like reaction between a silyl ketene acetal derived from this lactone and a hydroarylamide, a condensation product was first isolated and then transformed into the target dual ?-hydroxyl-?-amino acids. ?-Hydroxy-?-amino acids derived from an aziridine unit have been studied in a very limited number of cases. Due to the novelty of this topic and the limited number of compounds known until now, we became interested in the study of a new stereoselective synthesis approach to these new ?-amino acids. The key nucleophilic agent is the BDA lactone (see Retro-synthetic scheme) that, in its optically pure form, can be also used as chiral auxiliary.
Unraveling the interplay between SIDM and baryons in MW halos: defining where baryons dictate heat transfer
Creators: name: Rose, Jonah C.
name: Torrey, Paul
name: Vogelsberger, Mark
name: O'Neil, Stephanie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new set of cosmological zoom-in simulations of a MW-like galaxy which for the first time include elastic velocity-dependent self interacting dark matter (SIDM) and IllustrisTNG physics. With these simulations we investigate the interaction between SIDM and baryons and its effects on the galaxy evolution process. We also introduce a novel set of modified DMO simulations which can reasonably replicate the effects of fully realized hydrodynamics on the DM halo while simplifying the analysis and lowering the computational cost. We find that baryons change the thermal structure of the central region of the halo to a greater extent than the SIDM scatterings for MW-like galaxies. Additionally, we find that the new thermal structure of the MW-like halo causes SIDM to create cuspier central densities rather than cores because the SIDM scatterings remove the thermal support by transferring heat away from the center of the galaxy. We find that this effect, caused by baryon contraction, begins to affect galaxies with a stellar mass of $10^8$ M$_\odot$ and increases in strength to the MW-mass scale. This implies that any simulations used to constrain the SIDM cross sections for galaxies with stellar masses between $10^8$ and at least $10^{11}$ M$_\odot$ will require baryons to make accurate predictions.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures
Second order nonlinearity induced multipartite entanglement in a hybrid magnon cavity QED system
Creators: name: Zhou, Y.
name: Xie, S. Y.
name: Zhu, C. J.
name: Yang, Y. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a proposal to produce bipartite and tripartite entanglement in a hybrid magnon-cavity QED system. Two macroscopic yttrium iron garnet (YIG) spheres are coupled to a single-mode microwave cavity via magnetic dipole interaction, while the cavity photons are generated via the two photon process induced by a pump field. Using the mean field theory, we show that the second order nonlinearity can result in strong bipartite entanglement between cavity photons and magnonic modes under two conditions, i.e., $δ_c δ_{m}=2g^2$ and $δ_c=-δ_{m}$. For the later one, we also show the possibility for producing the bipartite entanglement between two magnonic modes and tripartite entanglement among the cavity photons and two magnonic modes. Combining these two conditions, we further derive a third condition, i.e., $δ_m^2-ϕ^2+2g^2=0$, where the tripartite entanglement can be achieved when two magnonic modes have different resonant frequencies.
Biochemical responses of Echinochloa polystachya inoculated with a Trichoderma consortium during the removal of a pyrethroid-based pesticide
Creators: name: Mendarte-Alquisira, Caliope
name: Ferrera-Cerrato, Ronald
name: Mendoza-López, Ma. Remedios
name: Alarcón, Alejandro
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: The biochemical response of plants exposed to pesticides and inoculated with microorganisms is of great importance to explore cleaning up strategies for contaminated sites with pyrethroid-based pesticides. We evaluated the effects of a Trichoderma consortium on the biochemical responses of Echinochloa polystachya plants during the removal of a pyrethroid-based pesticide. Plants were inoculated or not with the Trichoderma consortium and exposed to commercial pesticide H24®, based on pyrethroids. Pesticide application resulted in significant reduction in root protein content (58%), but enhanced content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in shoots, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in shoots and roots, and catalase (CAT) activity in roots. Inoculation of Trichoderma consortium in E. polystachya exposed to the pesticide resulted in increased protein content in roots and MDA content in shoots (2-fold). Trichoderma consortium improved protein content and SOD activity (140-fold) in plants. Fungal inoculation increased the removal (97.9%) of the pesticide in comparison to the sole effect of plants (33.9%). Results allow further understanding about the responses of the interaction between plants and root-associated fungi to improving the assisted-phytoremediation of solid matrices contaminated with organic pesticides. This original paper describes the positive role of the Trichoderma sp. consortium on favoring the removal of a pyretrhoid-based pesticide. This is one of first reports on analyzing the influence of a Trichoderma consortium on the oxidative stress and antioxidant response of Echinochloa polystachya in presence of the pesticide. This experimental approach provides a new alternative for further fungal assisted-phytoremediation of a pyretrhoid-based pesticide.
Ultrafast Electron Diffraction: Visualizing Dynamic States of Matter
Creators: name: Filippetto, Daniele
name: Musumeci, Pietro
name: Li, Renkai
name: Siwick, Bradley John
name: Otto, Martin
name: Nunes, Martin Centurion Joao Pedro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the discovery of electron-wave duality, electron scattering instrumentation has developed into a powerful array of techniques for revealing the atomic structure of matter. Beyond detecting local lattice variations in equilibrium structures, recent research efforts have been directed towards the long sought-after dream of visualizing the dynamic evolution of matter in real-time. The atomic behavior at ultrafast timescales carries critical information on phase transition and chemical reaction dynamics, the coupling of electronic and nuclear degrees of freedom in materials and molecules, the correlation between structure, function and previously hidden metastable or nonequilibrium states of matter. Ultrafast electron pulses play an essential role in this scientific endeavor, and their generation has been facilitated by rapid technical advances in both ultrafast laser and particle accelerator technologies. This review presents a summary of the remarkable developments in this field over the last few decades. The physics and technology of ultrafast electron beams is presented with an emphasis on the figures of merit most relevant for ultrafast electron diffraction (UED) experiments. We discuss recent developments in the generation, manipulation and characterization of ultrashort electron beams aimed at improving the combined spatio-temporal resolution of these measurements. The fundamentals of electron scattering from atomic matter and the theoretical frameworks for retrieving dynamic structural information from solid-state and gas-phase samples are described, together with essential experimental techniques and several landmark works. Ultrafast electron probes with ever improving capabilities, combined with other complementary photon-based or spectroscopic approaches, hold tremendous potential for revolutionizing our ability to observe and understand energy and matter at atomic scales.
description: Manuscript submitted to Review of Modern Physics
Gifted: Inequality and Metamorphosis
Creators: name: Rock, Catherine
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: History
subject: Gifted
subject: Statistical Analysis
subject: ECLS-K
subject: GT
subject: Critical Race Theory
subject: Marland Report
subject: Jacob Javits Gifted Youth Education Act

description: A thesis that explores the history and present state of Gifted and Talented, "GT" identification, education, and effects. History is essentially a way to resist the desegregation of public schools. Progress has been made towards gender inequality, however, racial and income inequality in the program persists. Statistical examination of ECLS-K public dataset leads to interesting conclusions regarding NYC's "Brilliant" GT-for-all kinder program, beginning Fall 2022.
Certifying Confluence Proofs via Relative Termination and Rule Labeling
Creators: name: Nagele, Julian
name: Felgenhauer, Bertram
name: Zankl, Harald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.2; F.4

description: The rule labeling heuristic aims to establish confluence of (left-)linear term rewrite systems via decreasing diagrams. We present a formalization of a confluence criterion based on the interplay of relative termination and the rule labeling in the theorem prover Isabelle. Moreover, we report on the integration of this result into the certifier CeTA, facilitating the checking of confluence certificates based on decreasing diagrams. The power of the method is illustrated by an experimental evaluation on a (standard) collection of confluence problems.
The miniJPAS Survey: Detection of double-core Lyα morphology of two high-redshift (z>3) QSOs
Creators: name: Rahna, P. T.
name: Zheng, Zhen-Ya
name: Chies-Santos, Ana L.
name: Cai, Zheng
name: Spinoso, Daniele
name: Marquez, Isabel
name: Overzier, Roderik
name: Abramo, L. Raul
name: Bonoli, Silvia
name: Kehrig, Carolina
name: Diaz-Garcia, L. A.
name: Povic, Mirjana
name: Soria, Roberto
name: Diego, Jose M.
name: Broadhurst, Tom
name: Delgado, Rosa M. Gonzalez
name: Alcaniz, Jailson
name: Benitez, Narciso
name: Carneiro, Saulo.
name: Cenarro, A. Javier
name: Cristobal-Hornillos, David
name: Dupke, Renato A.
name: Ederoclite, Alessandro
name: Hernan-Caballero, Antonio
name: Lopez-Sanjuan, Carlos
name: Marin-Franch, Antonio
name: de Oliveira, Claudia Mendes
name: Moles, Mariano
name: Sodre, Laerte
name: Taylor, Keith
name: Varela, Jesus
name: Ramio, Hector Vazquez
name: team, JPAS
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Ly$α$ emission is an important tracer of neutral gas in a circum-galactic medium (CGM) around high-z QSOs. The origin of Lya emission around QSOs is still under debate which has significant implications for galaxy formation and evolution. In this paper, we study Ly$α$ nebulae around two high redshift QSOs, SDSS J141935.58+525710.7 at $z=3.218$ (hereafter QSO1) and SDSS J141813.40+525240.4 at $z=3.287$ (hereafter QSO2), from the miniJPAS survey within the AEGIS field. Using the contiguous narrow-band (NB) images from the miniJPAS survey and SDSS spectra, we analyzed their morphology, nature, and origin. We report the serendipitous detection of double-core Ly\al\ morphology around two QSOs which is rarely seen among other QSOs. The separations of the two Ly\al~cores are 11.07 $\pm$ 2.26 kpcs (1.47 $\pm$ 0.3$^{\prime\prime}$) and 9.73 $\pm$ 1.55 kpcs (1.31 $\pm$ 0.21$^{\prime\prime}$) with Ly$α$~line luminosities of $\sim$ 3.35 $\times 10^{44}$ erg s $^{-1} $ and $\sim$ 6.99 $\times$ 10$^{44}$ erg s $^{-1}$ for QSO1 and QSO2, respectively. The miniJPAS NB images show evidence of extended Ly$α$ and CIV morphology for both QSOs and extended HeII morphology for QSO1. These two QSOs may be potential candidates for the new enormous Lyman alpha nebula (ELAN) found from the miniJPAS survey due to their extended morphology in the shallow depth and relatively high Ly$α$ luminosities. We suggest that galactic outflows are the major powering mechanism for the double-core Ly$α$ morphology. Considering the relatively shallow exposures of miniJPAS, the objects found here could be the tip of the iceberg of a promising number of such objects that will be uncovered in the upcoming full J-PAS survey and deep IFU observations with 8-10m telescopes will be essential for constraining the underlying physical mechanism that is responsible for the double-cored morphology.
description: Five figures and two tables (Accepted in Astronomy and Astrophysics)
L�ETEROCONFORMAZIONE DEL REGOLAMENTO CONTRATTUALE AD OPERA DELLE AUTORIT� AMMINISTRATIVE INDIPENDENTI
Creators: name: BARBA, VALENTINA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2018

description: La tesi si propone di esaminare le modalit� in cui le Autorit� amministrative indipendenti determinano dei vincoli alla libert� delle parti di determinare il contenuto del regolamento contrattuale. Lo studio prende avvio dall?esame di alcuni provvedimenti emanati da tre diverse Autorit� garanti: la scelta � caduta sulla Banca d?Italia, ed in particolare sui poteri conferitole dall?art. 117, co. 8 t.u.b.; sull?IVASS, con riguardo al reg. n. 40/2012, che ha dettato i contenuti minimi delle c.d. polizze Payment protection insurance; e sull?AEEGSI, la quale, anche in considerazione delle peculiarit� che caratterizzano il mercato energetico italiano, ha dato prova di una intensa attivit� di regolamentazione del contenuto dei contratti conclusi dall?utente finale. Successivamente si � cercato di fornire una possibile ricostruzione sistematica per l?ipotesi in cui il singolo contratto non sia conforme ai ?contenuti minimi? stabiliti dalle Autorit�. Si � scelto cos� di dedicare ampio spazio all?analisi del meccanismo di sostituzione d?imperio delle clausole contrattuali, disposto dall?art. 1339 c.c., esaminandone i presupposti ed i limiti applicativi. Da ultimo, si � proceduto all?analisi critica dell?orientamento espresso dalla Corte di Cassazione circa l?applicabilit� dell?art. 1339 c.c. alla fattispecie in esame.
Assessment of phytodiversity and phytoremediation potential of plants in the vicinity of a thermal power plant
Creators: name: Pandey, Ashutosh
name: Behera, Soumit Kumar
name: Dwivedi, Sanjay
name: Singh, Vinay Kumar
name: Pandey, Vivek
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Virology

description: A study was carried out to evaluate phytodiversity along with the metal accumulation potential of native plants growing in the vicinity of a thermal power plant (TPP). We documented 26 tree species, six shrubs, and 35 herbs. Importance value index (IVI), which measures the extent to which a species dominates in an area, was found highest for Senna siamea (95.7) followed by Tectona grandis (56.5), and Pithecellobium dulce (19.6). Soil was acidic (pH 5.4) in nature with higher concentrations of Al and Fe. The pH of ground water was found acidic while pH of nearby river was found slightly alkaline. Values of PM2.5 and PM10 were slightly higher than NAAQS standards for industrial areas. The concentration of metals was found higher in aquatic plants than in terrestrial plants. In general, herbs and shrubs showed more metal accumulation potential than trees. Our results suggest that Senna siamea could be used for revegetation purposes in FA landfills. Further, terrestrial and aquatic plants such as Ageratina adenophora and Stuckenia pectinata could be used for reclamation of Mn, Zn, Al, and Fe from contaminated soils. Hydrilla verticillata (Ni and Mn), Nelumbo nucifera, and Ipomoea aquatica (Cr) can be used for metal removal from contaminated water. The study focuses on the assessment of phytodiversity, soil and water analysis, ambient air quality, and bioaccumulation of heavy metals in plants growing in and around a thermal power plant. The study assumes significance as more than 65% of India’s electricity generation is still by coal-fired power plants, having major implications for air, soil, and water pollution. By selecting native plant species adapted to the region, we can enhance biodiversity, restore habitats, and contribute to the overall ecological health of the area surrounding the power plant.
Different behavior of two strains of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus intraradices on Senecio bonariensis Hook. & Arn. against heavy metal soil pollution: a pilot-scale test
Creators: name: Colombo, Roxana P.
name: Silvani, Vanesa A.
name: Benavidez, Matias E.
name: Scotti, Adalgisa
name: Godeas, Alicia M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have different biological mechanisms to alleviate stressful conditions in heavy metals (HMs) polluted soil. These mechanisms were widely assessed under controlled/greenhouse conditions, but scarcely studied at pilot or territory scale. The aim of this study was to evaluate the response of two Rhizophagus intraradices strains isolated from soils with different histories of pollution, in association with Senecio bonariensis plants, growing in an engineering vegetal depuration module filled with artificially HMs polluted substrate. Plants inoculated with GC3 strain uptook low amounts of HMs and translocated them to shoot biomass. Heavy metals (Mg, Zn, Mn, Cr, Cu and Ni) and macronutrients (Ca, K, S and P) were accumulated in roots of S. bonariensis when inoculated with GB8 strain, limiting their translocation to the shoot. Uninoculated plants showed high translocation of all studied elements to shoot tissues. Concluding, tested R. intraradices strains have exhibited different phytoprotection mechanisms under extremely toxic concentrations of HMs. Moreover, the development of the assay at such a high Technological Readiness Level represents a novel contribution in this field of study.
CRITICAL PHENOMENA IN RANDOM DIMER MODELS
Creators: name: FABBRICATORE, RICCARDO
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2021

description: This thesis introduces the concept of criticality and universal behaviour for vastly different systems. The assumption of conformal invariance for systems at critical temperature is shown to yield incredible predictions with the use of Conformal Field Theory. By focusing on the properties of geometrical shapes at criticality, we introduce Schramm-Loewner Evolution (SLE), a powerful tool to extract information about conformality. Rigorously proving that a discrete system exhibits critical behaviour and conformal invariance in the thermodynamic limit is no easy task. When the system is imbued with quenched disorder, this task becomes even harder. As of today, there is no rigorous proof that a single disordered system exhibits SLE-compatible excitations. This thesis, albeit not providing any such proof, analyses numerically and extensively shows under which conditions such behaviour can be observed in a system with quenched disorder, namely the Random Dimer Model. The Random Dimer Model consists of a dimer cover of a weighted graph. Its ground state corresponds to the minimum-weight perfect matching. Dimers are often used in Statistical Mechanic, providing a fruitful mapping from a model to a combinatorial problem. By topological perturbations, we obtain excitations in the form of fractal curves. Observables based on these geometrical objects, such as their length, are shown to behave as power laws compatible with other well-known systems at critical point. Moreover, the extensive analysis of winding angle and Left Passage Probability at the thermodynamic limit, strongly suggests that excitation curves in the Random Dimer Model are conformal and compatible with Schramm-Loewner Evolution. The latter casts light on the yet vastly unexplored question of conformal behaviour for disordered models at critical temperature in the thermodynamic limit.
Right-handed charged currents in the era of the Large Hadron Collider
Creators: name: Alioli, S.
name: Cirigliano, V.
name: Dekens, W.
name: de Vries, J.
name: Mereghetti, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the phenomenology of right-handed charged currents in the framework of the Standard Model Effective Field Theory, in which they arise due to a single gauge-invariant dimension-six operator. We study the manifestations of the nine complex couplings of the $W$ to right-handed quarks in collider physics, flavor physics, and low-energy precision measurements. We first obtain constraints on the couplings under the assumption that the right-handed operator is the dominant correction to the Standard Model at observable energies. We subsequently study the impact of degeneracies with other Beyond-the-Standard-Model effective interactions and identify observables, both at colliders and low-energy experiments, that would uniquely point to right-handed charged currents.
description: 50 pages plus appendices and references
Photonics-based short-time Fourier transform without high-frequency electronic devices and equipment
Creators: name: Zuo, Pengcheng
name: Ma, Dong
name: Chen, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: A photonics-based short-time Fourier transform (STFT) system is proposed and experimentally demonstrated based on stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) without using high-frequency electronic devices and equipment. The wavelength of a distributed feedback laser diode is periodically swept by using a low-speed periodic sawtooth/triangular driving current. The periodic frequency-sweep optical signal is modulated by the signal under test (SUT) and then injected into a section of SBS medium. The optical signal from another laser diode as the pump wave is reversely injected into the SBS medium. After simply detecting the forward transmission optical signals in a low-speed photodetector, the STFT of the SUT can be implemented. The system is characterized by the absence of any high-frequency electronic devices or equipment. An experiment is performed. The STFT of a variety of RF signals is carried out in a 4-GHz bandwidth. The dynamic frequency resolution is demonstrated to be around 60 MHz.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
ASTROPHYSICAL NUCLEAR REACTIONS ON NEON ISOTOPES AT LUNA
Creators: name: MASHA, ELIANA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2022

description: This thesis reports the direct measurements of the 22Ne(?,?)26Mg and 20Ne(p,?)21Na reactions at astrophysical energies of interest. The 22Ne(?,?)26Mg reaction competes with the 22Ne(?,n)25Mg reaction which is the main source of neutrons for the s-process in low-mass Asymptotic Giant Branch and massive stars. At temperatures T < 300 MK where the (?,?) channel becomes dominant, the rate of the 22Ne(?,?)26Mg reaction is influenced by several resonances studied only indirectly. The first part of this thesis concerns the direct measurement of one of these resonances, Er = 334 keV, which so far was studied only indirectly leading to six orders of magnitude range of possible values for its resonance strength. The experiment has been performed at LUNA (Laboratory for Underground Nuclear Astrophysics) using the intense alpha beam of the LUNA 400 kV accelerator and a windowless gas target combined with a high-efficiency BGO detector. In the present study, an upper limit of 4.0�10?11 eV has been determined for the resonance strength. Taking into account these results, an up-dated 22Ne(?,?)26Mg thermonuclear reaction rate was obtained and its role on the predicted 25Mg/26Mg ratio of a 5M? AGBs was investigated. The data show a decrease by a factor of 15 of the intershell 25Mg/26Mg ratio. The 20Ne(p,?)21Na is the slowest reaction of the NeNa cycle. It determines the velocity of the cycle and defines the final abundances of the isotopes synthesized in this cycle. The uncertainties on the NeNa cycle are affected by the 20Ne(p,?)21Na reaction rate. The main goal of the second part of this thesis was the direct measurement of the Ecm = 366 keV resonance which dominates the total rate in the temperature range between 0.2 GK and 1 GK. The measurement has been performed at LUNA using the windowless gas target and two high-purity germanium detectors placed at different positions. This measurement allowed to reduce the uncertainty on the strengths of the 366 keV resonance from 18% to 7%. These results were used to update the 20Ne(p,?)21Na reaction rate.
Sensitivity-enhanced magnetometry using nitrogen-vacancy ensembles via adaptively complete transitions overlapping
Creators: name: Chen, Bao
name: Chen, Bing
name: Zhu, Xinyi
name: Yu, Zhifei
name: Qian, Peng
name: Xu, Nanyang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond are suitable sensors of high-sensitivity magnetometry which have attracted much interest in recent years. Here, we demonstrate sensitivity-enhanced ensembles magnetometry via adaptively complete transitions overlapping with a bias magnetic field equally projecting onto all existing NV orientations. Under such conditions, the spin transitions corresponding to different NV orientations are completely overlapped which will bring about an obviously improved photoluminescence contrast. And we further introduce particle swarm optimization into the calibration process to generate this bias magnetic field automatically and adaptively using computer-controlled Helmholtz coils. By applying this technique, we realize an approximate 1.5 times enhancement and reach the magnetic field sensitivity of $\rm855\ pT/\sqrt{Hz}$ for a completely overlapped transitions compared to $\rm 1.33\ nT/\sqrt{\rm Hz}$ for a separate transition on continuous-wave magnetometry. Our approach can be conveniently applied to direction-fixed magnetic sensing and obtain the potentially maximum sensitivity of ensemble-NV magnetometry.
Improved sensitivity on the electromagnetic dipole moments of the top quark in $γγ$, $γγ^*$ and $γ^*γ^*$ collisions at the CLIC
Creators: name: Billur, A. A.
name: Köksal, M.
name: Gutiérrez-Rodríguez, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We realize a phenomenological study to examine the sensitivity on the magnetic moment and electric dipole moment of the top quark through the processes $γγ\rightarrow t \bar{t}$, $e γ\rightarrow e γ^{*} γ\rightarrow e t \bar{t}$ and $e^{-} e^{+}\rightarrow e^{-} γ^{*} γ^{*} e^{+} \rightarrow e^{-} t \bar{t}e^{+}$ at the CLIC. We find that with a center-of-mass energy of the CLIC-1.4$\hspace{0.8mm}TeV$, integrated luminosity of ${\cal L}=1500\hspace{0.8mm}fb^{-1}$ and CLIC-3$\hspace{1mm}TeV$, integrated luminosity of ${\cal L}=2000\hspace{0.8mm}fb^{-1}$ with systematic uncertainties of $δ_{sys}=0, 5, 10\hspace{1mm}\%$ at the $95\%\hspace{1mm}C. L.$, it is possible the CLIC may put limits on the electromagnetic dipole moments of the top quark $\hat a_V$ and $\hat a_A$ with a sensitivity of ${\cal O}(10^{-3}-10^{-2})$. Therefore, we show that the sensitivity with the CLIC data is much greater than that for the LHC data.
description: 23 pages, 11 figures and 7 tables
Influence of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on the 2,4-diclorophenoxyacetic acid phytoremediation by plectranthus neochilus
Creators: name: Carriço, Murilo Ricardo Sigal
name: Rodrigues, Marina Diaz
name: Ramborger, Bruna Piaia
name: Gayer, Mateus Cristofari
name: Kanaan, Samia Hassan Husein
name: Farias, Fabiane Moreira
name: Denardin, Elton Luis Gasparotto
name: Roehrs, Rafael
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is an herbicide widely used in crops against broadleaf weeds. However, 2,4-D residues are considered an environmental pollutant in bodies of water. Phytoremediation with Plectranthus neochilus is a substantial strategy to remove 2,4-D from the aquatic environment. The objective of this study was to verify the efficiency of the association of the photostimulus by Light Emitting Diodes (LED) with P. neochilus to improve phytoremediation of 2,4-D in water. Phytoremediation was evaluated with the following samples: natural light, white LED, blue LED, and red LED, with and without the plant as controls. The data corresponding to the validation of the method were in accordance with the required parameters: R2: 0.9926; RSD: 1.74%; LOD: 0.075 mg.L−1; LOQ: 0.227 mg.L−1 and recovery by SPE was 76.57%. The efficiency of the association of LED with P. neochilus in the 28 days was: ambient light + plant (47.0%); white light + plant (37.10%); blue light + plant (26.80%); red light + plant (3.32%). This study demonstrated, for the first time, the efficiency of using LEDs light in association with P. neochilus for the phytoremediation of 2,4-D in water. Phytoremediation of organic compounds in water is a time-consuming process and generally unfavorable to the plant. This study demonstrated that the photostimulation with blue and red LED lights can accelerate the phytoremediation of the herbicide by P. neochilus, decreasing the t1/2 of 2,4-D in water by 2 and 5 times, respectively. We equate the time of this process to physical-chemical degradation methods, but without the use of reagents, creating a green strategy to accelerate the decontamination of water resources contaminated with pesticides.
Bistability and squeezing of the librational mode of an optically trapped nanoparticle
Creators: name: Xiao, Ke-Wen
name: Zhao, Nan
name: Yin, Zhang-qi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We systematically investigate the bistable behavior and squeezing property of the librational mode of a levitated nonspherical nanoparticle trapped by laser beams. By expanding the librational potential to the forth order of the librational angle $θ$, we find that the nonlinear coefficient of this mode is dependent only on the size and material of nanoparticle, but independent of trapping potential shape. The bistability and hysteresis are displayed when the driving frequency is red-detuned to the librational mode. In the blue-detuned region, we have studied squeezing of the variance of librational mode in detail, which has potential application for measurement of angle and angular momentum.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures, accepted for Phys. Rev. A
STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS OF MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES IN ANAEROBIC DIGESTION PROCESSES
Creators: name: MERLINO, GIUSEPPE
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2012

description: Nowadays world energy needs rely mostly on fossil fuels (oil, coal and natural gas) which accounts for more than 80% of global energy production. Fossil fuels reserves are estimated to deplete in the next future. In this context, it arises the need to establish new renewable energetic sources. A well-established technology for bioenergy production in the form of biogas is anaerobic digestion (AD). This process involves a complex consortium of different functional groups of microbes which, degrading the organic matter, produce biogas composed mainly of methane and carbon dioxide. In the latest 10 years there has been renewed interest for energy production from biomass through AD because of its versatility and potentiality. So far, the control and performance of AD process has typically been performed working on operational parameters (such as T, pH, COD, loading rate, etc.). However, recent studies concerning the microbial consortia involved in this complex process have been developing with the final aim to get an exhaustive knowledge of microbiology of the process and how it correlates to the operation of the reactor in order to improve the digester performance making preventive action possible. the general aim of this PhD thesis was to investigate the microbiology of both batch and continuous, single and two-stage anaerobic systems. The goals were (i) to elucidate the structure of the microbial communities, (ii) to investigate the dynamics, interactions and responses of the key metabolic groups responsible for the degradation of substrates and (iii) to give valuable information on the correlation between structure and function inside the microbial consortiums.