cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Symmetry projection schemes for Gaussian Monte Carlo methods
Creators: name: Assaad, F. F.
name: Werner, P.
name: Corboz, P.
name: Gull, E.
name: Troyer, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A novel sign-free Monte Carlo method for the Hubbard model has recently been proposed by Corney and Drummond. High precision measurements on small clusters show that ground state correlation functions are not correctly reproduced. We argue that the origin of this mismatch lies in the fact that the low temperature density matrix does not have the symmetries of the Hamiltonian. Here we show that supplementing the algorithm with symmetry projection schemes provides reliable and accurate estimates of ground state properties.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
THE CONSEQUENCE OF FINANCIAL CRISES IN ALBANIAN INSURANCE MARKET
Creators: name: Madani, Filloreta
name: Cakrani, Edmira
name: Madani, Filloreta
name: Cakrani, Edmira
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Insurance market
subject: non-life insurance
subject: compulsory insurance
subject: penetration coefficient.

description: The Albanian insurance market is not influenced considerably from current financial crisis. Early yet phase of development with the very low penetration level explains steadiness of insurance market to exposure influence of global financial crisis. Another factor contributed to stability of insurance market is focusing insurance businesses more on the compulsory insurance segment which is not fully liberalized. Conservative investment policies of Albanian insurers also contributed to avoiding influence of market risks induced by world financial crisis.
Cyber risk at the edge: current and future trends on cyber risk analytics and artificial intelligence in the industrial internet of things and industry 4.0 supply chains
Creators: name: Radanliev, Petar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90601 Circuits and Systems
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: Computer Engineering
subject: 90602 Control Systems, Robotics and Automation
subject: 90603 Industrial Electronics
subject: 91003 Machine Tools
subject: 91004 Machining
subject: 91099 Manufacturing Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: 91005 Manufacturing Management
subject: 91006 Manufacturing Processes and Technologies (excl. Textiles)
subject: 91007 Manufacturing Robotics and Mechatronics (excl. Automotive Mechatronics)
subject: 91008 Manufacturing Safety and Quality
subject: 100503 Computer Communications Networks
subject: 100599 Communications Technologies not elsewhere classified
subject: 100504 Data Communications
subject: 100510 Wireless Communications
subject: 100606 Processor Architectures
subject: 100507 Optical Networks and Systems

description: Digital technologies have changed the way supply chain operations are structured. In this article, we conduct systematic syntheses of literature on the impact of new technologies on supply chains and the related cyber risks. A taxonomic/cladistic approach is used for the evaluations of progress in the area of supply chain integration in the Industrial Internet of Things and Industry 4.0, with a specific focus on the mitigation of cyber risks. An analytical framework is presented, based on a critical assessment with respect to issues related to new types of cyber risk and the integration of supply chains with new technologies. This paper identifies a dynamic and self-adapting supply chain system supported with Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning (AI/ML) and real-time intelligence for predictive cyber risk analytics. The system is integrated into a cognition engine that enables predictive cyber risk analytics with real-time intelligence from IoT networks at the edge. This enhances capacities and assist in the creation of a comprehensive understanding of the opportunities and threats that arise when edge computing nodes are deployed, and when AI/ML technologies are migrated to the periphery of IoT networks.
Difference-Based Deep Learning Framework for Stress Predictions in Heterogeneous Media
Creators: name: Feng, Haotian
name: Prabhakar, Pavana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Stress analysis of heterogeneous media, like composite materials, using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) has become commonplace in design and analysis. However, determining stress distributions in heterogeneous media using FEA can be computationally expensive in situations like optimization and multi-scaling. To address this, we utilize Deep Learning for developing a set of novel Difference-based Neural Network (DiNN) frameworks based on engineering and statistics knowledge to determine stress distribution in heterogeneous media, for the first time, with special focus on discontinuous domains that manifest high stress concentrations. The novelty of our approach is that instead of directly using several FEA model geometries and stresses as inputs for training a Neural Network, as typically done previously, we focus on highlighting the differences in stress distribution between different input samples for improving the accuracy of prediction in heterogeneous media. We evaluate the performance of DiNN frameworks by considering different types of geometric models that are commonly used in the analysis of composite materials, including volume fraction and spatial randomness. Results show that the DiNN structures significantly enhance the accuracy of stress prediction compared to existing structures, especially for composite models with random volume fraction when localized high stress concentrations are present.
Markov-chain sampling for long-range systems without evaluating the energy
Creators: name: Tartero, Gabriele
name: Krauth, Werner
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In past decades, enormous effort has been expended to develop algorithms and even to construct special-purpose computers in order to efficiently evaluate total energies and forces for long-range-interacting particle systems, with the particle-mesh Ewald and the fast multipole methods as well as the 'Anton' series of supercomputers serving as examples for biomolecular simulations. Cutoffs in the range of the interaction have also been used for large systems. All these methods require extrapolations. Within Markov-chain Monte Carlo, in thermal equilibrium, the Boltzmann distribution can however be sampled natively without evaluating the total interaction potential. Using as an example the Lennard-Jones interaction, we review past attempts in this direction, and then discuss in detail the class of cell-veto algorithms which make possible fast, native sampling of the Boltzmann distribution without any approximation, extrapolation, or cutoff even for the slowly decaying Coulomb interaction. The computing effort per move remains constant with increasing system size, as we show explicitly. We provide worked-out illustrations and pseudocode representations of the discussed algorithms. Python implementations are made available in an associated open-source software repository.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures
Fluctuations of topological charge and chiral density in the early stage of high energy nuclear collisions
Creators: name: Jia, Moran
name: Liu, Junhong
name: Zhang, Hongfei
name: Ruggieri, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study systematically the topological charge density and the chiral density correlations in the early stage of high energy nuclear collisions: the intial condition is given by the McLerran-Venugopalan model and the evolution of the gluon fields is studied via the Classical Yang-Mills equations up to proper time $τ\approx 1$ fm/c for an $SU(2)$ evolving Glasma. Topological charge is related to the gauge invariant $\bm E \cdot \bm B$ where $\bm E$ and $\bm B$ denote the color-electric and color-magnetic fields, while the chiral density is produced via the chiral anomaly of Quantum Chromodynamics. We study how the correlation lengths are related to the collision energy, and how the correlated domains grow up with proper time in the transverse plane for a boost invariant longitudinal expansion. We estimate the correlation lengths of both quantities, that after a short transient results of the order of the typical energy scale of the model, namely the inverse of the saturation scale. We estimate the proper time for the formation of a steady state in which the production of the chiral density in the transverse plane per unit rapidity slows down, as well as the amount of chiral density that would be present at the switch time between the Classical Yang-Mills evolution and the relativistic transport or hydro for the quark-gluon plasma phase.
description: Statistics has been improved. A few comments on the Gauss Law and the gauge invariance of the results have been added. This version corresponds to the one accepted for publication on Phys. Rev. D
ENHANCEMENT OF HUMAN PERFORMANCE WITH DEVELOPING ERGONOMIC WORKPLACE ENVIRONMENT AND PROVIDING WORK-LIFE BALANCE
Creators: name: Finna, Henrietta
name: Forgacs, Tamas
name: Finna, Henrietta
name: Forgacs, Tamas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Work efficiency
subject: ergonomy
subject: work environment
subject: work-life balance
subject: telework.

description: Ergonomy aims at creating a work place that suits the employee’s needs. A well-developed office does not only increase work efficiency but it can also significantly reduce costs. This study researches and reveals the specific personal attributes and the factors of workplace environment, which have an effect on the efficiency of the workforce. We were searching for studies, where the core work wasn’t changed -the increase in work efficiency was reached only by changing the work environment.
Equivalence between various versions of the self-dual action of the Ashtekar formalism
Creators: name: Nieto, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Different aspects of the self-dual (anti-self-dual) action of the Ashtekar canonical formalism are discussed. In particular, we study the equivalences and differences between the various versions of such an action. Our analysis may be useful for the development of an Ashtekar formalism in eight dimensions.
description: 10 pages, Latex, minor corrections
TELEWORK ORGANIZATION MODEL AS METHOD OF DEVELOPMENT OF DISABLED PERSONS’ EMPLOYMENT QUALITY
Creators: name: Bileviciene, Tatjana
name: Bileviciene, Egle
name: Bileviciene, Tatjana
name: Bileviciene, Egle
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Disabled persons
subject: telework
subject: quality of employment
subject: information technologies.

description: Problem of employment for disabled persons is partly connected with permanent changes and technical achievements in labour market. Telework in particular circumstances creates for disabled persons positive opportunity of choice. Accomplished research of authors analyzes the employment quality factors and proves that implementation of telework model for disabled persons could improve quality of employment of such persons in comparison with recent system of profession rehabilitation and disabled persons employment.
Diagonostic [sic] of transformer winding movement
Creators: name: Jiang, Qiaoshu
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Power transformers play a vital role in the operation of a power grid. A power transformer converts electricity from one potential level to another, and it is one of the most important and expensive pieces in a power grid. However, transformer failures happen, which lead to power outages, high cost of repair or replacement, personal injuries and environmental damages. Winding movement and/or distortion account for a large percentage of transformer failures. The focus of this thesis is to explore an effective winding movement detection technique. The current diagnostic techniques used for detecting winding movements are discussed and compared in this thesis. The Frequency Response Analysis (FRA) technique is today's most commonly used and effective technique; however, it highly depends on the test frequency range, test set-up, external circuits and different physical structures of different transformers. The FRA's dependence on so many parameters can result in inaccurate data. Based on the wave propagation property and the frequency dependent transmission line model, a new approach for winding movement detection is proposed in this thesis, the Transmission Line Diagnostics (TLD). In this method, by measuring the input and output voltages and the currents, the surge impedance Zc of the winding can be uniquely obtained. Zc is the signature of the winding and it is independent of the external circuits. Any movement of the winding will reflect in a change of Zc. Different from the complex transfer function of numerous resonant frequencies in FRA , Zc obtained by TLD is a simple exponential-like curve, whose vertical shift gives obvious indication to the overall axial or radial winding movements. Furthermore, TLD is very efficient in low frequency range; for example, 2MHz is the maximum frequency used when performing the experiments in this thesis. With all these advantages, TLD can be effectively applied to online transformer winding condition monitoring in the future.
Very heavy flavored dibaryons
Creators: name: Richard, Jean-Marc
name: Valcarce, Alfredo
name: Vijande, Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the possibility of very heavy dibaryons with three charm quarks and three beauty quarks, $bbbccc$, using a constituent model which should drive to the correct solution in the limit of hadrons made of heavy quarks. The six-body problem is treated rigorously, in particular taking into account the orbital, color and spin mixed-symmetry components of the wave function. Unlike a recent claim based on lattice QCD, no bound state is found below the lowest dissociation threshold.
description: 4 pages, to appear in PRL
High Energy Observations of XRF 030723: Evidence for an Off-axis Gamma-Ray Burst?
Creators: name: Butler, N. R.
name: Sakamoto, T.
name: Suzuki, M.
name: Kawai, N.
name: Lamb, D. Q.
name: Graziani, C.
name: Donaghy, T. Q.
name: Dullighan, A.
name: Vanderspek, R.
name: Crew, G. B.
name: Ford, P.
name: Ricker, G.
name: Atteia, J-L.
name: Yoshida, A.
name: Shirasaki, Y.
name: Tamagawa, T.
name: Torii, K.
name: Matsuoka, M.
name: Fenimore, E. E.
name: Galassi, M.
name: Doty, J.
name: Villasenor, J.
name: Prigozhin, G.
name: Jernigan, J. G.
name: Barraud, C.
name: Boer, M.
name: Dezalay, J-P.
name: Olive, J-F.
name: Hurley, K.
name: Levine, A.
name: Martel, F.
name: Morgan, E.
name: Woosley, S. E.
name: Cline, T.
name: Braga, J.
name: Manchanda, R.
name: Pizzichini, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report High Energy Transient Explorer 2 (HETE-2) Wide Field X-ray Monitor/French Gamma Telescope observations of XRF030723 along with observations of the XRF afterglow made using the 6.5m Magellan Clay telescope and the Chandra X-ray Observatory. The observed peak energy E_pk_obs of the nu F_nu burst spectrum is found to lie within (or below) the WXM 2-25 keV passband at 98.5% confidence, and no counts are detected above 30 keV. Our best fit value is E_pk_obs=8.4+3.5/-3.4 keV. The ratio of X-ray to Gamma-ray flux for the burst follows a correlation found for GRBs observed with HETE-2, and the duration of the burst is similar to that typical of long-duration GRBs. If we require that the burst isotropic equivalent energy E_iso and E_pk_rest satisfy the relation discovered by Amati et al. (2002), a redshift of z=0.38+0.36/-0.18 can be determined, in agreement with constraints determined from optical observations. We are able to fit the X-ray afterglow spectrum and to measure its temporal fade. Although the best-fit fade is shallower than the concurrent fade in the optical, the spectral similarity between the two bands indicates that the X-ray fade may actually trace the optical fade. If this is the case, the late time rebrightening observed in the optical cannot be due to a supernova bump. We interpret the prompt and afterglow X-ray emission as arising from a jetted GRB observed off-axis and possibly viewed through a complex circumburst medium due to a progenitor wind.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, to appear in ApJ
Appendix from Using compartmental models to simulate directed acyclic graphs to explore competing causal mechanisms underlying epidemiological study data
Creators: name: Havumaki, Joshua
name: Eisenberg, Marisa C.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Supporting Information: details about compartmental models and DAGs, details about compartmental model design, equations for all compartmental models, details on initial conditions, alternative parameterizations, alternative statistical analyses, schematic of gamma distributed model
DETERMINATION AND ASSESSMENT OF COMPETITIVENESS OF REGIONAL COMMODITY MARKETS
Creators: name: Krasavina, Raisa
name: Krasavina, Raisa
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Regional commodity market
subject: boundaries of relevant market
subject: concentration ratios
subject: competitiveness factors.

description: The paper observes the structure of regional commodity markets as a relation between competitive and monopoly regulating powers. A method for quantitative evaluation of competitiveness of certain markets depending on factors dominating in the region is proposed.
Topological Phases in Half-Integer Higher Spin $J_1$-$J_2$ Heisenberg Chains
Creators: name: Reja, Sahinur
name: Nishimoto, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the ground state properties of antiferromagnetic $J_1$-$J_2$ chains with half-integer spins ranging from $S=\frac{3}{2}$ to $S=\frac{11}{2}$ using the density-matrix renormalization group method. We map out the ground-state phase diagrams as a function of $\frac{J_2}{J_1}$ containing topological phases with alternating $\frac{2S-1}{2}$ and $\frac{2S+1}{2}$ valence bonds. We identify these topological phases and their boundaries by calculating the string order parameter, the dimer order parameter, and the spin gap for those high-$S$ systems in thermodynamic limit (finite size scaling). We find that these topological regions narrow down inversely with $S$ and converge to a single point at $\frac{J_2}{J_1}=\frac{1}{4}$ in the classical limit -- a critical threshold between commensurate and incommensurate orders. In addition, we extend the discussion of the Majumder-Ghosh state, previously noted only for $S=\frac{1}{2}$, and speculate its possible presence as a ground state in half-integer high spin systems over a substantial range of $\frac{J_2}{J_1}$ values.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, Supplementary Material
DESIGN OF THE REGIONS’ ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY
Creators: name: Patsuk, Olga
name: Patsuk, Olga
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Social and economic development of the territories
subject: regional economy.

description: At present Russian economy is undergoing the same trends of the modern economic development, which take place in developed countries. These processes comprise globalization, advanced development of the service industries, post-industrial society formation, intellectual component expansion in the results of any industry, informatization of the society, running out of traditional sources of social and economic growth. In such conditions search for new ways and factors of the regional self-development is critical.
Urban Renewal and Revitalization
Creators: name: MATHEY, Kosta
name: STEINBERG, Florian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: compact urban development
clean energy
green buildings
green transportation
water management
solid waste treatment
urban renewal and revitalization
municipal financing
green industries
climate change

description: In preparation for the 2015 United Nations Climate Change Meeting (COP21) in Paris, the government of China has announced that its GHG emissions will peak in 2030. Equally, it is committed to reduce by 2030 by 60-65% the intensity of its carbon usage in relationship to its gross domestic product (GDP), compared to 2005 levels. It will take on the responsibility to increase substantially its forest cover, and will ensure that by 2030 some 20% of its energy requirements will be covered by renewable energy. China’s activities to create eco-cities must be seen as part of its contributions to low-carbon development with aim to mitigate climate change. Among the various support mechanisms which exist, to support low-carbon development, the Ministry of Housing, and Urban-Rural Development (MoHURD), is being supported by the European Union (EU) through the Europe-China Eco-Cities Link Project (EC Link).
description: EC-Link Position Paper prepared for EC-Link Working Papers: edited by Florian Steinberg and Li Chunyan
LANGUAGE LEARNING - PHYSIOLOGICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS
Creators: name: Tarnoveanu, Dorina
name: Tarnoveanu, Dorina
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Language
subject: speech
subject: acquisition
subject: learning
subject: grammar
subject: child
subject: native
subject: physiological and psychological aspects.

description: There are several stages in the linguistic development of a child; he will not merely reproduce the sentences he hears, but a personal production is often noticed. Children do not acquire the grammar of their native language through theoretical teaching; exposure to the speaking community will lead to the acquisition of the grammatical structures of their language. Little is known about how little children acquire the rules of their native language; yet, we may distinguish between physiological and psychological aspects.
La primacía de la percepción en la teoría husserliana temprana de la imaginación
Creators: name: Sandoval, Rodrigo Y.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion

description: Este artículo está enfocado en la primera etapa de las investigaciones husserlianas sobre la imaginación, enmarcadas en su obra “estática” y determinadas, especialmente, por las características de una concepción centrada en la imagen figurativa (Abbild).
Anharmonic theory of superconductivity in the high-pressure materials
Creators: name: Setty, Chandan
name: Baggioli, Matteo
name: Zaccone, Alessio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron-phonon superconductors at high pressures have displayed the highest values of critical superconducting temperature $T_c$ on record, now rapidly approaching room temperature. Despite the importance of high-$P$ superconductivity in the quest for room-temperature superconductors, a mechanistic understanding of the effect of pressure and its complex interplay with phonon anharmonicity and superconductivity is missing, as numerical simulations can only bring system-specific details clouding out key players controlling the physics. Here we develop a minimal model of electron-phonon superconductivity under an applied pressure which takes into account the anharmonic decoherence of the optical phonons. We find that $T_c$ behaves non-monotonically as a function of the ratio $Γ/ω_0$, where $Γ$ is the optical phonon damping and $ω_0$ the optical phonon energy at zero pressure and momentum. Optimal pairing occurs for a critical ratio $Γ/ω_0$ when the phonons are on the verge of decoherence ("diffuson-like" limit). Our framework gives insights into recent experimental observations of $T_c$ as a function of pressure in the complex BCS material TlInTe$_2$.
Superspreading of SARS-CoV-2 in the USA
Creators: name: Pozderac, Calvin
name: Skinner, Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A number of epidemics, including the SARS-CoV-1 epidemic of 2002-2004, have been known to exhibit superspreading, in which a small fraction of infected individuals is responsible for the majority of new infections. The existence of superspreading implies a fat-tailed distribution of infectiousness (new secondary infections caused per day) among different individuals. Here, we present a simple method to estimate the variation in infectiousness by examining the variation in early-time growth rates of new cases among different subpopulations. We use this method to estimate the mean and variance in the infectiousness, $β$, for SARS-CoV-2 transmission during the early stages of the pandemic within the United States. We find that $σ_β/μ_β\gtrsim 3.2$, where $μ_β$ is the mean infectiousness and $σ_β$ its standard deviation, which implies pervasive superspreading. This result allows us to estimate that in the early stages of the pandemic in the USA, over 81% of new cases were a result of the top 10% of most infectious individuals.
description: 7+9 pages pages, 3+3 figures; slightly updated numerical estimates; published version
The Origin of Massive O-type Field Stars. Part II: Field O stars as runaways
Creators: name: de Wit, W. J.
name: Testi, L.
name: Palla, F.
name: Zinnecker, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In two papers we try to confirm that all Galactic high-mass stars are formed in a cluster environment, by excluding that O-type stars found in the Galactic field actually formed there. In de Wit et al. (2004) we presented deep K-band imaging of 5 arcmin fields centred on 43 massive O-type field stars that revealed that the large majority of these objects are single objects. In this contribution we explore the possibility that the field O stars are dynamically ejected from young clusters, by investigating their peculiar space velocity distribution, their distance from the Galactic plane, and their spatial vicinity to known young stellar clusters. We (re-)identify 22 field O-type stars as candidate runaway OB-stars. The statistics show that ~4% of all O-type stars with V < 8 can be considered as formed outside a cluster environment. Most are spectroscopically single objects, some are visual binaries. The derived percentage for O-type stars that form isolated in the field based on our statistical analyses is in agreement with what is expected from calculations adopting a universal cluster richness distribution with power index of beta = 1.7, assuming that the cluster richness distribution is continuous down to the smallest clusters containing one single star.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
The characteristic polynomial of agraph containing loops
Creators: name: Sinha, Deepa
name: Kaur, Bableen
name: Zaslavsky, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C50

description: In this article, we focus on the characteristic polynomial of a graph containingloops, but without multiple edges. We present a relationship between thecharacteristic polynomial of a graph with loops and the graph obtained byremoving all the loops. In turn, we compute the characteristic polynomial ofunitary addition Cayley graphs.
description: 19 pp., 4 fig
Ultralight DM bosons with an Axion-like potential: scale-dependent constraints revisited
Creators: name: Cedeño, Francisco X. Linares
name: González-Morales, Alma X.
name: Ureña-López, L. Arturo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A scalar field $ϕ$ endowed with a trigonometric potential has been proposed to play the role of Dark Matter. A deep study of the cosmological evolution of linear perturbations, and its comparison to the Cold Dark Matter (CDM) and Fuzzy Dark Matter (FDM) cases (scalar field with quadratic potential), reveals an enhancement in the amplitude of the mass power spectrum for large wave numbers due to the non-linearity of the axion-like potential. For the first time, we study the scale-dependence on physical quantities such as the growth factor $D_k$, the velocity growth factor $f_k$, and $f_k σ_8$. We found that for $z<10$, all these quantities recover the CDM evolution, whereas for high redshift there is a clear distinction between each model (FDM case, and axion-like potential) depending on the wavenumber $k$ and on the decay parameter of the axion-like potential as well. A semi-analytical Halo Mass Function is also revisited, finding a suppression of the number of low mass halos, as in the FDM case, but with a small increment in the amplitude of the variance and halo mass function due to the non-linearity of the axion-like potential. Finally, we present constraints on the axion mass and the axion decay parameter by using data of the Planck Collaboration 2018 and Lyman-$α$ forest.
description: 43 pages, 17 figures. Updated data, new appendix. Matches version accepted in JCAP
Angular correlations in associated top-quark and dark matter production at Large Hadron Collider
Creators: name: Abasov, E.
name: Boos, E.
name: Bunichev, V.
name: Volkov, P.
name: Vorotnikov, G.
name: Dudko, L.
name: Zaborenko, A.
name: Iudin, E.
name: Markina, A.
name: Perfilov, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the paper, we consider the processes of single top-quark production in association with dark matter particles through the t-channel in simplified models with scalar and pseudoscalar mediators. Within the framework of these models, we analyze the angular correlations that arise in the top quark production process in association with dark matter, comparing them with the production of a top quark in the Standard Model. We consider angular correlations of kinematic variables, which define admissible regions in momentum space and can be used experimentally to distinguish between the fraction of the total momentum carried away by the scalar or pseudoscalar mediator. We demonstrate that scalar mediator significantly changes the rest frame of the well-known angular correlation observable and changes the distributions. In this case, this variable provides clear separation between the SM and DM contribution and can be used to increase the sensitivity of future DM analyses.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures
Large-scale changes of the cloud coverage in the $ε$ Indi Ba,Bb system
Creators: name: Hitchcock, J. A.
name: Helling, Ch.
name: Scholz, A.
name: Hodosan, G.
name: Dominik, M.
name: Hundertmark, M.
name: Jørgensen, U. G.
name: Longa-Peña, P.
name: Sajadian, S.
name: Skottfelt, J.
name: Snodgrass, C.
name: Bozza, V.
name: Burgdorf, M. J.
name: Campbell-White, J.
name: Jaimes, Roberto Figuera
name: Fujii, Y. I.
name: Haikala, L. K.
name: Henning, T.
name: Hinse, T. C.
name: Lowry, S.
name: Mancini, L.
name: Rahvar, S.
name: Rabus, M.
name: Southworth, J.
name: von Essen, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of 14 nights of \textit{I}-band photometric monitoring of the nearby brown dwarf binary, $ε$ Indi Ba,Bb. Observations were acquired over 2 months, and total close to 42 hours of coverage at a typically high cadence of 1.4 minutes. At a separation of just $0.7''$, we do not resolve the individual components, and so effectively treat the binary as if it were a single object. However, $ε$ Indi Ba (spectral type T1) is the brightest known T-type brown dwarf, and is expected to dominate the photometric signal. We typically find no strong variability associated with the target during each individual night of observing, but see significant changes in mean brightness - by as much as $0.10$ magnitudes - over the 2 months of the campaign. This strong variation is apparent on a timescale of at least 2 days. We detect no clear periodic signature, which suggests we may be observing the T1 brown dwarf almost pole-on, and the days-long variability in mean brightness is caused by changes in the large-scale structure of the cloud coverage. Dynamic clouds will very likely produce lightning, and complementary high cadence \textit{V}-band and H\textit{$α$} images were acquired to search for the emission signatures associated with stochastic "strikes." We report no positive detections for the target in either of these passbands.
SCKansformer: Fine-Grained Classification of Bone Marrow Cells via Kansformer Backbone and Hierarchical Attention Mechanisms
Creators: name: Chen, Yifei
name: Zhu, Zhu
name: Zhu, Shenghao
name: Qiu, Linwei
name: Zou, Binfeng
name: Jia, Fan
name: Zhu, Yunpeng
name: Zhang, Chenyan
name: Fang, Zhaojie
name: Qin, Feiwei
name: Fan, Jin
name: Wang, Changmiao
name: Gao, Yu
name: Yu, Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The incidence and mortality rates of malignant tumors, such as acute leukemia, have risen significantly. Clinically, hospitals rely on cytological examination of peripheral blood and bone marrow smears to diagnose malignant tumors, with accurate blood cell counting being crucial. Existing automated methods face challenges such as low feature expression capability, poor interpretability, and redundant feature extraction when processing high-dimensional microimage data. We propose a novel fine-grained classification model, SCKansformer, for bone marrow blood cells, which addresses these challenges and enhances classification accuracy and efficiency. The model integrates the Kansformer Encoder, SCConv Encoder, and Global-Local Attention Encoder. The Kansformer Encoder replaces the traditional MLP layer with the KAN, improving nonlinear feature representation and interpretability. The SCConv Encoder, with its Spatial and Channel Reconstruction Units, enhances feature representation and reduces redundancy. The Global-Local Attention Encoder combines Multi-head Self-Attention with a Local Part module to capture both global and local features. We validated our model using the Bone Marrow Blood Cell Fine-Grained Classification Dataset (BMCD-FGCD), comprising over 10,000 samples and nearly 40 classifications, developed with a partner hospital. Comparative experiments on our private dataset, as well as the publicly available PBC and ALL-IDB datasets, demonstrate that SCKansformer outperforms both typical and advanced microcell classification methods across all datasets. Our source code and private BMCD-FGCD dataset are available at https://github.com/JustlfC03/SCKansformer.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
Advisory system for administration of Phenylephrine following spinal anesthesia for cesarean section
Creators: name: Fung, Parry
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Phenylephrine is a drug used at British Columbia Women's Hospital, Vancouver British Columbia to treat maternal hypotension induced by spinal anesthesia for Cesarean Section. Hypotension can cause serious fetus hypoxia, therefore maternal blood pressure must be kept above a minimum level. Phenylephrine dosage is mainly determined in a heuristic manner by the anesthesiologist's experience and observation. Since an overdose of phenylephrine can result in maternal bradycardia and hypertension, an advisory system is developed to recommend the optimal dosage of phenylephrine that ensures an appropriate blood pressure response. Data was collected from patients undergoing Cesarean Section at the British Columbia Women's Hospital for drug response modeling. Preliminary results indicated that the quality of noninvasive blood pressure measurement by the existing cuff sphygmomanometry was a prominent source of model uncertainty. Therefore an algorithm that improves the resolution of the blood pressure measurement using pulse transit time, the travelling time of a pulse wave between two sites, was developed and is presented in this thesis. The refined blood pressure reading was used for patient modeling. Separating phenylephrine's blood pressure response from the spinal anesthesia's is the main challenge for this system identification. Various techniques are discussed and validated in Chapter 3. The advisory system based on the results of Chapter 3 was then developed. When hypotension occurs, the advisory model predictive controller recommends an adequate phenylephrine dose according to the identified internal patient model. The design, tuning and online adaptation of the system are illustrated in Chapter 4. Chapter 5 concludes this thesis and points towards future research in this field.
Security Decisions for Cyber-Physical Systems based on Solving Critical Node Problems with Vulnerable Nodes
Creators: name: Otto, Jens
name: Grüttemeier, Niels
name: Specht, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cyber-physical production systems consist of highly specialized software and hardware components. Most components and communication protocols are not built according to the Secure by Design principle. Therefore, their resilience to cyberattacks is limited. This limitation can be overcome with common operational pictures generated by security monitoring solutions. These pictures provide information about communication relationships of both attacked and non-attacked devices, and serve as a decision-making basis for security officers in the event of cyberattacks. The objective of these decisions is to isolate a limited number of devices rather than shutting down the entire production system. In this work, we propose and evaluate a concept for finding the devices to isolate. Our approach is based on solving the Critical Node Cut Problem with Vulnerable Vertices (CNP-V) - an NP-hard computational problem originally motivated by isolating vulnerable people in case of a pandemic. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work on applying CNP-V in context of cybersecurity.
An Instrument for Precision Controlled Radiation Exposures, Charged Beam Profile Measurement, and Real-time Fluence Monitoring Beyond $10^{16}$ n$_{\textrm{eq}}$/cm$^{2}$
Creators: name: Hoeferkamp, M. R.
name: Wickramasinghe, J. S. T.
name: Grummer, A.
name: Rajen, I.
name: Seidel, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An instrument has been developed for precision controlled exposures of electronic devices and material samples in particle beams. The instrument provides simultaneously a real time record of the profile of the beam and the fluence received. The system is capable of treating devices with dimensional scales ranging from millimeters to extended objects of cross sections measured in tens of square centimeters. The instrument has been demonstrated to operate effectively in integrated fluences ranging up to a few times $10^{16}$ 1-MeV-neutron-equivalent/cm$^{2}$ (n$_{\textrm{eq}}$). The positioner portion of the system comprises a set of remotely controllable sample holders incorporating cooling and interfaces for sample power and readout, all constructed from low activation technologies. The monitoring component of the system samples the current or voltage of radiation tolerant silicon diodes placed directly in the path of the beam.
YOLO9tr: A Lightweight Model for Pavement Damage Detection Utilizing a Generalized Efficient Layer Aggregation Network and Attention Mechanism
Creators: name: Youwai, Sompote
name: Chaiyaphat, Achitaphon
name: Chaipetch, Pawarotorn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Maintaining road pavement integrity is crucial for ensuring safe and efficient transportation. Conventional methods for assessing pavement condition are often laborious and susceptible to human error. This paper proposes YOLO9tr, a novel lightweight object detection model for pavement damage detection, leveraging the advancements of deep learning. YOLO9tr is based on the YOLOv9 architecture, incorporating a partial attention block that enhances feature extraction and attention mechanisms, leading to improved detection performance in complex scenarios. The model is trained on a comprehensive dataset comprising road damage images from multiple countries, including an expanded set of damage categories beyond the standard four. This broadened classification range allows for a more accurate and realistic assessment of pavement conditions. Comparative analysis demonstrates YOLO9tr's superior precision and inference speed compared to state-of-the-art models like YOLO8, YOLO9 and YOLO10, achieving a balance between computational efficiency and detection accuracy. The model achieves a high frame rate of up to 136 FPS, making it suitable for real-time applications such as video surveillance and automated inspection systems. The research presents an ablation study to analyze the impact of architectural modifications and hyperparameter variations on model performance, further validating the effectiveness of the partial attention block. The results highlight YOLO9tr's potential for practical deployment in real-time pavement condition monitoring, contributing to the development of robust and efficient solutions for maintaining safe and functional road infrastructure.
Deep Potential generation scheme and simulation protocol for the Li10GeP2S12-type superionic conductors
Creators: name: Huang, Jianxing
name: Zhang, Linfeng
name: Wang, Han
name: Zhao, Jinbao
name: Cheng, Jun
name: E, Weinan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been a challenge to accurately simulate Li-ion diffusion processes in battery materials at room temperature using {\it ab initio} molecular dynamics (AIMD) due to its high computational cost. This situation has changed drastically in recent years due to the advances in machine learning-based interatomic potentials. Here we implement the Deep Potential Generator scheme to \textit{automatically} generate interatomic potentials for LiGePS-type solid-state electrolyte materials. This increases our ability to simulate such materials by several orders of magnitude without sacrificing {\it ab initio} accuracy. Important technical aspects like the statistical error and size effects are carefully investigated. We further establish a reliable protocol for accurate computation of Li-ion diffusion processes at experimental conditions, by investigating important technical aspects like the statistical error and size effects. Such a protocol and the automated workflow allow us to screen materials for their relevant properties with much-improved efficiency. By using the protocol and automated workflow developed here, we obtain the diffusivity data and activation energies of Li-ion diffusion that agree well with the experiment. Our work paves the way for future investigation of Li-ion diffusion mechanisms and optimization of Li-ion conductivity of solid-state electrolyte materials.
Comparison of Macro- and Microscopic Solutions of the Riemann Problem II. Two-Phase Shock Tube
Creators: name: Hitz, Timon
name: Joens, Steven
name: Heinen, Matthias
name: Vrabec, Jadran
name: Munz, Claus-Dieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Riemann problem is one of the basic building blocks for numerical methods in computational fluid mechanics. Nonetheless, there are still open questions and gaps in theory and modelling for situations with complex thermodynamic behavior. In this series, we compare numerical solutions of the macroscopic flow equations with molecular dynamics simulation data. To enable molecular dynamics for sufficiently large scales in time and space, we selected the truncated and shifted Lennard-Jones potential for which also highly accurate equations of state are available. A comparison of a two-phase Riemann problem is shown, which involves a liquid and a vapor phase, with an undergoing phase transition. The loss of hyperbolicity allows for the occurrence of anomalous wave structures. We successfully compare the molecular dynamics data with two macroscopic numerical solutions obtained by either assuming local phase equilibrium or by imposing a kinetic relation and allowing for metastable states.
On arithmetic progressions in non-periodic self-affine tilings
Creators: name: Nagai, Yasushi
name: Akiyama, Shigeki
name: Lee, Jeong-Yup
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 52C23 (primary), 37B52 (secondary)

description: We study the repetition of patches in self-affine tilings in R^d. In particular, we study the existence and non-existence of arithmetic progressions. We first show that an arithmetic condition of the expansion map for a self-affine tiling implies the non-existence of certain one-dimensional arithmetic progressions. Next, we show that the existence of full-rank infinite arithmetic progressions, pure discrete dynamical spectrum, and limit periodicity are all equivalent for a certain class of self-affine tilings. We finish by giving a complete picture for the existence/non-existence of full-rank infinite arithmetic progressions in the self-similar tilings in R^d.
description: 38 pages, 6 figures