cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Magnetohydrodynamics using path or stream functions
Creators: name: Naor, Yossi
name: Keshet, Uri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetization in highly conductive plasmas is ubiquitous to astronomical systems. Flows in such media can be described by three path functions $Λ_α$, or, for a steady flow, by two stream functions $λ_κ$ and an additional field such as the mass density $ρ$, velocity $v$, or travel time $Δt$. While typical analyses of a frozen magnetic field $\boldsymbol{B}$ are problem-specific and involve nonlocal gradients of the fluid element position $\boldsymbol{x}(t)$, we derive the general, local (in $Λ$ or $λ$ space) solution $\boldsymbol{B}=(\partial\boldsymbol{x}/\partialΛ_α)_t \tilde{B}_αρ/\tildeρ$, where Lagrangian constants denoted by a tilde are directly fixed at a boundary hypersurface $\tilde{H}$ on which $\boldsymbol{B}$ is known. For a steady flow, $\tildeρ\boldsymbol{B}/ρ=(\partial\boldsymbol{x}/\partialλ_κ)_{Δt}\tilde{B}_κ+\boldsymbol{v}\tilde{B}_3/\tilde{v}$; here the electric field $\boldsymbol{E}\sim(\tilde{B}_2\boldsymbol{\nabla}λ_1-\tilde{B}_1\boldsymbol{\nabla}λ_2)/\tildeρ$ depends only on $λ_κ$ and the boundary conditions. Illustrative special cases include compressible axisymmetric flows and incompressible flows around a sphere, showing that viscosity and compressibility enhance the magnetization and lead to thicker boundary layers. Our method is especially useful for directly computing electric fields, and for addressing upstream magnetic fields that vary in spacetime. We thus estimate the electric fields above heliospheres and magnetospheres, compute the draping of magnetic substructure around a planetary body, and demonstrate the resulting inverse polarity reversal layer. Our analysis can be incorporated into existing hydrodynamic codes that are based on stream or path functions. (Abridged)
description: ApJ (accepted); high resolution version at https://sites.google.com/site/naoryossi7/publications
Emergence of a ZO Kohn anomaly in quasi-freestanding epitaxial graphene
Creators: name: Politano, Antonio
name: de Juan, Fernando
name: Chiarello, Gennaro
name: Fertig, Herbert A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In neutral graphene, two prominent cusps known as Kohn anomalies are found in the phonon dispersion of the highest optical phonon at $q=Γ$ (LO branch) and $q=K$ (TO branch), reflecting a significant electron-phonon coupling to undoped Dirac electrons. In this work, high-resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy is used to measure the phonon dispersion around the $Γ$ point in quasi-freestanding graphene epitaxially grown on Pt(111). The Kohn anomaly for the LO phonon is observed at finite momentum $q\sim2k_F$ from $Γ$, with a shape in excellent agreement with the theory and consistent with known values of the EPC and the Fermi level. More strikingly, we also observe a Kohn anomaly at the same momentum for the out-of-plane optical phonon (ZO) branch. This observation is the first direct evidence of the coupling of the ZO mode with Dirac electrons, which is forbidden for freestanding graphene but becomes allowed in the presence of a substrate. Moreover, we estimate the EPC to be even greater than that of the LO mode, making graphene on Pt(111) an optimal system to explore the effects of this new coupling in the electronic properties.
description: Final version with journal reference. Significantly more experimental data was added to the main text and the supplemental material. 5 pages of main text + 6 of supplement
GalPak3D: A Bayesian parametric tool for extracting morpho-kinematics of galaxies from 3D data
Creators: name: Bouché, N.
name: Carfantan, H.
name: Schroetter, I.
name: Michel-Dansac, L.
name: Contini, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a method to constrain galaxy parameters directly from three-dimensional data cubes. The algorithm compares directly the data with a parametric model mapped in $x,y,λ$ coordinates. It uses the spectral lines-spread function (LSF) and the spatial point-spread function (PSF) to generate a three-dimensional kernel whose characteristics are instrument specific or user generated. The algorithm returns the intrinsic modeled properties along with both an `intrinsic' model data cube and the modeled galaxy convolved with the 3D-kernel. The algorithm uses a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) approach with a nontraditional proposal distribution in order to efficiently probe the parameter space. We demonstrate the robustness of the algorithm using 1728 mock galaxies and galaxies generated from hydrodynamical simulations in various seeing conditions from 0.6" to 1.2". We find that the algorithm can recover the morphological parameters (inclination, position angle) to within 10% and the kinematic parameters (maximum rotation velocity) to within 20%, irrespectively of the PSF in seeing (up to 1.2") provided that the maximum signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is greater than $\sim3$ pixel$^{-1}$ and that the ratio of the galaxy half-light radius to seeing radius is greater than about 1.5. One can use such an algorithm to constrain simultaneously the kinematics and morphological parameters of (nonmerging) galaxies observed in nonoptimal seeing conditions. The algorithm can also be used on adaptive-optics (AO) data or on high-quality, high-SNR data to look for nonaxisymmetric structures in the residuals.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures, accepted to publication in AJ, revised version after proofs corrections. Algorithm available at http://galpak.irap.omp.eu
Co-design as a service in citizen science: Cos4Cloud as a success case
Creators: name: Guasch, Blanca
name: Justamante, Ángela
name: Amo, Alex
name: Hernández, Miguel
name: Arias, Rosa
name: Liñán, Sonia
name: Piera, Jaume
name: Soacha, Karen
name: Fabó, Claudia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: citizen science
citizen observatories
co-design
co-creation
technology
open science

description: This presentation explains what co-design is, why it is useful and how to apply it in citizen science in general and in creating technological citizen science services in particular to explain it. Moreover it described how Cos4Cloud has implemented it into the services development. *Cos4Cloud is a project coordinated by the ICM-CSIC and funded by Horizon2020, which has 15 partners in several European countries and Colombia. It has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no 863463. Infographic designed by Neus Cañas.
Shadow of noncommutative geometry inspired black hole
Creators: name: Wei, Shao-Wen
name: Cheng, Peng
name: Zhong, Yi
name: Zhou, Xiang-Nan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, the shadow casted by the rotating black hole inspired by noncommutative geometry is investigated. In addition to the dimensionless spin parameter $a/M_{0}$ with $M_{0}$ black hole mass and inclination angle $i$, the dimensionless noncommutative parameter $\sqrt{\vartheta}/M_{0}$ is also found to affect the shape of the black hole shadow. The result shows that the size of the shadow slightly decreases with the parameter $\sqrt{\vartheta}/M_{0}$, while the distortion increases with it. Compared to the Kerr black hole, the parameter $\sqrt{\vartheta}/M_{0}$ increases the deformation of the shadow. This may offer a way to distinguish noncommutative geometry inspired black hole from Kerr one via astronomical instruments in the near future.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables
A study of vorticity formation in high energy nuclear collisions
Creators: name: Becattini, F.
name: Inghirami, G.
name: Rolando, V.
name: Beraudo, A.
name: Del Zanna, L.
name: De Pace, A.
name: Nardi, M.
name: Pagliara, G.
name: Chandra, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a quantitative study of vorticity formation in peripheral ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions at sqrt(s)NN = 200 GeV by using the ECHO-QGP numerical code, implementing relativistic dissipative hydrodynamics in the causal Israel-Stewart framework in 3+1 dimensions with an initial Bjorken flow profile. We consider and discuss different definitions of vorticity which are relevant in relativistic hydrodynamics. After demonstrating the excellent capabilities of our code, which proves to be able to reproduce Gubser flow up to 8 fm/c, we show that, with the initial conditions needed to reproduce the measured directed flow in peripheral collisions corresponding to an average impact parameter b=11.6 fm and with the Bjorken flow profile for a viscous Quark Gluon Plasma with η/s=0.1 fixed, a vorticity of the order of some 10^{-2} c/fm can develop at freezeout. The ensuing polarization of Lambda baryons does not exceed 1.4% at midrapidity. We show that the amount of developed directed flow is sensitive to both the initial angular momentum of the plasma and its viscosity.
description: 13 pages, 22 figures. Minor changes, final version to appear in EPJC
Farmfluencers per un’agricoltura che emoziona
Creators: name: Agosti , Elisa
Publisher: name: Eurac Research
Year: 2022

description: Non è la prima volta che sento dire che il motivo che ha scatenato un grande cambiamento nella vita di qualcuno è stato un lungo viaggio intorno al mondo. Un viaggio durante il quale questo/a qualcuno ha sperimentato le conseguenze dell’inquinamento globale e degli stili di vita di una parte della popolazione mondiale. L’ultima persona ad avermelo detto è Meike Hollnaicher, una delle fondatrici dell’iniziativa Farmfluencers of South Tirol.
Bulk-Boundary Duality, Gauge Invariance, and Quantum Error Correction
Creators: name: Mintun, Eric
name: Polchinski, Joseph
name: Rosenhaus, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, Almheiri, Dong, and Harlow have argued that the localization of bulk information in a boundary dual should be understood in terms of quantum error correction. We show that this structure appears naturally when the gauge invariance of the boundary theory is incorporated. This provides a new understanding of the non-uniqueness of the bulk fields (precursors). It suggests a close connection between gauge invariance and the emergence of spacetime.
description: 5 2-column pages. 2 figures. v2: Added discussion and clarifications. v3: References added, notational improvements, typo corrections, small clarifications
New Paradigm for Baryon and Lepton Number Violation
Creators: name: Perez, Pavel Fileviez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The possible discovery of proton decay, neutron-antineutron oscillation, neutrinoless beta decay in low energy experiments, and exotic signals related to the violation of the baryon and lepton numbers at collider experiments will change our understanding of the conservation of fundamental symmetries in nature. In this review we discuss the rare processes due to the existence of baryon and lepton number violating interactions. The simplest grand unified theories and the neutrino mass generation mechanisms are discussed. The theories where the baryon and lepton numbers are defined as local gauge symmetries spontaneously broken at the low scale are discussed in detail. The simplest supersymmetric gauge theory which predicts the existence of lepton number violating processes at the low scale is investigated. The main goal of this review is to discuss the main implications of baryon and lepton number violation in physics beyond the Standard Model.
description: 60 pages, to appear in Physics Reports
Geometric Phase Atom Optics and Interferometry
Creators: name: Zygelman, Bernard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We illustrate how geometric gauge forces and topological phase effects emerge in quantum systems without employing assumptions that rely on adiabaticity. We show how geometric magnetism may be harnessed to engineer novel quantum devices including a velocity sieve, a component in mass spectrometers, for neutral atoms or neutrons. We outline a possible experimental setup that demonstrates topological interferometry for neutral spin 1/2 systems.
description: This is version II of the original manuscript, it includes three new sections as well as new appendices
Spin Hall effects due to phonon skew scattering
Creators: name: Gorini, Cosimo
name: Eckern, Ulrich
name: Raimondi, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A diversity of spin Hall effects in metallic systems is known to rely on Mott skew scattering. In this work its high-temperature counterpart, phonon skew scattering, which is expected to be of foremost experimental relevance, is investigated. In particular, the phonon skew scattering spin Hall conductivity is found to be practically $T$-independent for temperatures above the Debye temperature $T_D$. As a consequence, in Rashba-like systems a high-$T$ linear behavior of the spin Hall angle demonstrates the dominance of extrinsic spin-orbit scattering only if the intrinsic spin splitting is smaller than the temperature.
description: Accepted version, 4 (+1) pages, 2 figures
Are Palmore's "ignored estimates" on the number of planar central configurations correct?
Creators: name: Albouy, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 70F10

description: We wish to draw attention on estimates on the number of relative equilibria in the Newtonian $n$-body problem that Julian Palmore published in 1975.
description: 4 pages
Valid Post-Selection and Post-Regularization Inference: An Elementary, General Approach
Creators: name: Chernozhukov, Victor
name: Hansen, Christian
name: Spindler, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Econometrics (econ.EM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Here we present an expository, general analysis of valid post-selection or post-regularization inference about a low-dimensional target parameter, $α$, in the presence of a very high-dimensional nuisance parameter, $η$, which is estimated using modern selection or regularization methods. Our analysis relies on high-level, easy-to-interpret conditions that allow one to clearly see the structures needed for achieving valid post-regularization inference. Simple, readily verifiable sufficient conditions are provided for a class of affine-quadratic models. We focus our discussion on estimation and inference procedures based on using the empirical analog of theoretical equations $$M(α, η)=0$$ which identify $α$. Within this structure, we show that setting up such equations in a manner such that the orthogonality/immunization condition $$\partial_ηM(α, η) = 0$$ at the true parameter values is satisfied, coupled with plausible conditions on the smoothness of $M$ and the quality of the estimator $\hat η$, guarantees that inference on for the main parameter $α$ based on testing or point estimation methods discussed below will be regular despite selection or regularization biases occurring in estimation of $η$. In particular, the estimator of $α$ will often be uniformly consistent at the root-$n$ rate and uniformly asymptotically normal even though estimators $\hat η$ will generally not be asymptotically linear and regular. The uniformity holds over large classes of models that do not impose highly implausible "beta-min" conditions. We also show that inference can be carried out by inverting tests formed from Neyman's $C(α)$ (orthogonal score) statistics.
description: 47 pages
The existential theory of equicharacteristic henselian valued fields
Creators: name: Anscombe, Sylvy
name: Fehm, Arno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03C60, 12L12, 12J10, 11U05, 12L05

description: We study the existential (and parts of the universal-existential) theory of equicharacteristic henselian valued fields. We prove, among other things, an existential Ax-Kochen-Ershov principle, which roughly says that the existential theory of an equicharacteristic henselian valued field (of arbitrary characteristic) is determined by the existential theory of the residue field; in particular, it is independent of the value group. As an immediate corollary, we get an unconditional proof of the decidability of the existential theory of $\mathbb{F}_{q}((t))$.
Participatory Variety Selection for Farmer's Identified Traits
Creators: name: Vikas, Arora
Publisher: name: ITPGRFA
Year: 2020
Subjects: Participatory variety selection
IND
PR-294
ITPGRFA-BSF
Farmers
Characterization and evaluation
Farmers preferred varieties
Seed system

description: This report summarizes the main approaches, steps and type of PGRFA information that PARVI team documented during the participatory variety selection (PVS) carried out as part of the project PR-294-India “Improving pulse biodiversity in rice fallow areas of tribal belts of Central and East Indian states to bring resilience in the farming practice, provide livelihood support and enhance nutritional level of the tribal population” funded in the 4th project cycle of the Benefit Sharing Fund (BSF) of the International Treaty of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA) of the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) of the United Nations (UN).

The document describes the PVS cycle and explains the main purpose of PVS being used to identify and document farmers preferred traits, train and inform farmers about the PVS cycles, forms, methodologies and summarize the main outcomes of the PVS from the project sites. The format of the PVS sessions was designed to allow for interactions between farmers and researcher and are also made availabe through this document.
IllinoisGRMHD: An Open-Source, User-Friendly GRMHD Code for Dynamical Spacetimes
Creators: name: Etienne, Zachariah B.
name: Paschalidis, Vasileios
name: Haas, Roland
name: Moesta, Philipp
name: Shapiro, Stuart L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the extreme violence of merger and mass accretion, compact objects like black holes and neutron stars are thought to launch some of the most luminous outbursts of electromagnetic and gravitational wave energy in the Universe. Modeling these systems realistically is a central problem in theoretical astrophysics, but has proven extremely challenging, requiring the development of numerical relativity codes that solve Einstein's equations for the spacetime, coupled to the equations of general relativistic (ideal) magnetohydrodynamics (GRMHD) for the magnetized fluids. Over the past decade, the Illinois Numerical Relativity (ILNR) Group's dynamical spacetime GRMHD code has proven itself as a robust and reliable tool for theoretical modeling of such GRMHD phenomena. However, the code was written "by experts and for experts" of the code, with a steep learning curve that would severely hinder community adoption if it were open-sourced. Here we present IllinoisGRMHD, which is an open-source, highly-extensible rewrite of the original closed-source GRMHD code of the ILNR Group. Reducing the learning curve was the primary focus of this rewrite, with the goal of facilitating community involvement in the code's use and development, as well as the minimization of human effort in generating new science. IllinoisGRMHD also saves computer time, generating roundoff-precision identical output to the original code on adaptive-mesh grids, but nearly twice as fast at scales of hundreds to thousands of cores.
description: 37 pages, 6 figures, single column. Matches published version
Forecasting Accuracy Comparison of EPIC Crop Simulation and Time Series Model
Creators: name: Choi, Jongsan
name: Choi, Jongsan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Farm Management
subject: EPIC model
subject: forecast accuracy
subject: trend analysis

description: Faced with the need to solve complex and variable management problems in agriculture, agricultural economists have begun to use quantitative methods such as econometric models for their research. However, this approach only allows for research based on quantitative data. Crop simulations have been proposed as an alternative to overcome data limitation. This study aims to introduce an Environmental Policy Integrated Climate (EPIC) model, to demonstrate EPIC’s usefulness for estimating past or future crop production by comparing forecast accuracy with forecasting time series methods, and to discuss the possibility of agricultural economists utilizing the EPIC model. Since the research result shows EPIC simulation has high forecast accuracy on crop production and can generate data which are very difficult to acquire in the real world, it is expected that the research integrated with crop simulation by agricultural economists will increase if they have the ability to run EPIC simulation.
On the Bayesness, minimaxity, and admissibility of point estimators of allelic frequencies
Creators: name: Martínez, Carlos Alberto
name: Khare, Kshitij
name: Elzo, Mauricio A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, decision theory was used to derive Bayes and minimax decision rules to estimate allelic frequencies and to explore their admissibility. Decision rules with uniformly smallest risk usually do not exist and one approach to solve this problem is to use the Bayes principle and the minimax principle to find decision rules satisfying some general optimality criterion based on their risk functions. Two cases were considered, the simpler case of biallelic loci and the more complex case of multiallelic loci. For each locus, the sampling model was a multinomial distribution and the prior was a Beta (biallelic case) or a Dirichlet (multiallelic case) distribution. Three loss functions were considered: squared error loss (SEL), Kulback-Leibler loss (KLL) and quadratic error loss (QEL). Bayes estimators were derived under these three loss functions and were subsequently used to find minimax estimators using results from decision theory. The Bayes estimators obtained from SEL and KLL turned out to be the same. Under certain conditions, the Bayes estimator derived from QEL led to an admissible minimax estimator (which was also equal to the maximum likelihood estimator). The SEL also allowed finding admissible minimax estimators. Some estimators had uniformly smaller variance than the MLE and under suitable conditions the remaining estimators also satisfied this property. In addition to their statistical properties, the estimators derived here allow variation in allelic frequencies, which is closer to the reality of finite populations exposed to evolutionary forces.
description: 36 pages, 3 figures
The first galaxies: simulating their feedback-regulated assembly
Creators: name: Jeon, Myoungwon
name: Bromm, Volker
name: Pawlik, Andreas H.
name: Milosavljevic, Milos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the formation of a galaxy reaching a virial mass of $~ 10^8$ solar mass at $z=10$ by carrying out a zoomed radiation-hydrodynamical cosmological simulation. This simulation traces Population~III (Pop~III) star formation, characterized by a modestly top-heavy initial mass function (IMF), and considers stellar feedback such as photoionization heating from Pop III and Population~II (Pop~II) stars, mechanical and chemical feedback from supernovae (SNe), and X-ray feedback from accreting black holes (BHs) and high-mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs). We self-consistently impose a transition in star formation mode from top-heavy Pop III to low-mass Pop~II, and find that the star formation rate in the computational box is dominated by Pop~III until $z=13$, and by Pop~II thereafter. The simulated galaxy experiences bursty star formation, with a substantially reduced gas content due to photoionization heating from Pop~III and Pop~II stars, together with SN feedback. All the gas within the simulated galaxy is metal-enriched above $10^{-5}$ solar, such that there are no remaining pockets of primordial gas. The simulated galaxy has an estimated observed flux of $~10^{-3} nJy$, which is too low to be detected by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) without strong lensing amplification. We also show that our simulated galaxy is similar in terms of stellar mass to Segue 2, the least luminous dwarf known in the Local Group.
description: 18 pages 14 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Épidémiologie du paludisme dans les armées françaises
Creators: name: DE LAVAL, Franck
name: POMMIER DE SANTI, Vincent
Publisher: name: MTSI
Year: 2023

description: Epidemiology of malaria in the French Armed Forces Because of the individual morbidity and lethality and the resulting collective incapacity, malaria has always been a risk for the Armed Forces in operation. The fight against malaria is a real public health plan carried out by the Armed Forces Health Service (SSA) for the benefit of the Forces. This plan has four main components: vector control, which targets larvae and adult mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles, personal vector protection, which limits human-vector contact, chemoprophylaxis, and early diagnosis and treatment of malaria. Since 2001, the epidemiology of malaria in the Armed Forces have suffered from large-scale epidemics during operational engagements in Côte d'Ivoire, Guyana and the Central African Republic. The start of a military operation is accompanied by strategic and logistical priorities that take precedence over prevention. In addition, the rigorous application of personal protection measures remains difficult and even more so in a combat situation. The development of urban malaria in Africa, the use of causal chemoprophylaxis, the alternative to “nothing but insecticides”, and the development of efficient diagnostic tools allowing for early and adapted management are the challenges ahead for the SSA. Épidémiologie du paludisme dans les armées françaises De par la morbidité et la létalité individuelles et l’incapacité collective qu’il peut produire, le paludisme a toujours représenté un risque pour les Forces armées en opération. La lutte contre le paludisme est un véritable plan de santé publique mené par le Service de santé des armées (SSA) au profit des Forces. Ce plan s’articule en quatre axes : la lutte antivectorielle qui vise les larves et moustiques adultes du genre Anopheles, la protection personnelle antivectorielle qui limite le contact homme-vecteur, la chimioprophylaxie, le diagnostic et le traitement précoce des paludismes. Depuis 2001, l’épidémiologie du paludisme dans les armées a été rythmée par des épidémies de grande ampleur lors des engagements opérationnels en Côte d’Ivoire, en Guyane et en République centrafricaine. Le début d’une opération militaire s’accompagne d’enjeux stratégiques et logistiques prioritaires prenant le pas sur la prévention. En outre, l’application rigoureuse des mesures de protection individuelle reste difficile et encore plus en situation de combat. Le développement du paludisme urbain en Afrique, l’utilisation d’une chimioprophylaxie causale, l’alternative au tout insecticide, et le développement d’outils diagnostiques performants permettant une prise en charge précoce et adaptée sont les défis à venir pour le SSA.
description: MTSI, Vol. 3 No 1 (2023): MTSI-Revue
A note on gravitational wave extraction from binary simulations
Creators: name: Nakano, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In previous works, we developed a perturbative extrapolation formula to obtain gravitational waves at infinity from binary black hole simulations, based on the Regge-Wheeler-Zerilli formalism. In practice, this formula was basically derived in a background flat spacetime. We derive here an estimation of errors and an improved extrapolation formula by using the Teukolsky perturbative equation for a background Kerr spacetime. The improved formula requires knowledge about a mass and spin of the background spacetime.
description: 8 pages, no figure
Laveran, le pasteurien
Creators: name: PERROT, Annick
Publisher: name: MTSI
Year: 2023

description: Laveran, the Pasteurian researcher At the end of his professorial mandate at the Val de Grâce hospital, Alphonse Laveran, who was Chief Doctor, was appointed to Lille and then Nantes. These assignments however deprived him of a hospital service where he could carry on his research. In 1896, faced with the inflexibility of his military hierarchy, he applied for early retirement; he was then 50 years old. Dr Roux welcomed him to the Pasteur Institute as a honorary department head, where he started a second career as a volunteer. He would spend the following 25 years there, addressing the great protozoology issues. Together with Félix Mesnil, he undertook the study of trypanosomiasis and leishmaniases. In 1907 he was awarded the Nobel Prize in physiology and medicine to honor “his work on the role of protozoa as pandemic vectors”. He allocated a large part of his prize money to set up a parasitology laboratory at the Pasteur Institute, where all the discoveries and observations carried out in the colonies would converge. In 1908, he funded the Society of Exotic Pathology. He authored no less than 600 publications where his memorable research is recorded. Despite his somewhat outwardly rigid appearance, the man proved to be of amiable approach thanks to “the simplicity of his manners, his amenity and his great heart”. Laveran, le pasteurien Arrivé au terme de son mandat professoral au Val de Grâce, Alphonse Laveran, Médecin principal, est nommé à Lille puis à Nantes. Ces affectations le privent d’un service hospitalier pour poursuivre ses recherches et, face à la rigidité des autorités hiérarchiques, il demande sa mise à la retraite en 1896. Il a 50 ans. Le Dr Roux l’accueille à l’Institut Pasteur, en qualité de chef de service honoraire, où, bénévolement, il commence une deuxième carrière. Il va consacrer 25 ans de travaux aux grands problèmes de protozoologie. Avec Félix Mesnil, il entreprend l’étude de la trypanosomiase et celle des leishmanioses. En 1907, le prix Nobel de physiologie ou médecine lui est décerné pour « ses travaux sur le rôle des protozoaires comme agents de maladies ». Il affectera une grande partie du montant de son prix à l’aménagement et au développement de locaux consacrés à la parasitologie à l’Institut Pasteur, où convergeront, depuis toutes les colonies, les découvertes et observations faites dans ce domaine. En 1908, il fonde la Société de pathologie exotique. Il consignera ses mémorables recherches dans pas moins de 600 publications. Malgré son apparente rigidité, l’homme se révélait d’un abord aimable par « la simplicité de ses manières, son aménité et son grand cœur ».
description: MTSI, Vol. 3 No 1 (2023): MTSI-Revue
Self-Calibration and Biconvex Compressive Sensing
Creators: name: Ling, Shuyang
name: Strohmer, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The design of high-precision sensing devises becomes ever more difficult and expensive. At the same time, the need for precise calibration of these devices (ranging from tiny sensors to space telescopes) manifests itself as a major roadblock in many scientific and technological endeavors. To achieve optimal performance of advanced high-performance sensors one must carefully calibrate them, which is often difficult or even impossible to do in practice. In this work we bring together three seemingly unrelated concepts, namely Self-Calibration, Compressive Sensing, and Biconvex Optimization. The idea behind self-calibration is to equip a hardware device with a smart algorithm that can compensate automatically for the lack of calibration. We show how several self-calibration problems can be treated efficiently within the framework of biconvex compressive sensing via a new method called SparseLift. More specifically, we consider a linear system of equations y = DAx, where both x and the diagonal matrix D (which models the calibration error) are unknown. By "lifting" this biconvex inverse problem we arrive at a convex optimization problem. By exploiting sparsity in the signal model, we derive explicit theoretical guarantees under which both x and D can be recovered exactly, robustly, and numerically efficiently via linear programming. Applications in array calibration and wireless communications are discussed and numerical simulations are presented, confirming and complementing our theoretical analysis.
Computing the Rank Profile Matrix
Creators: name: Dumas, Jean-Guillaume
name: Pernet, Clément
name: Sultan, Ziad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The row (resp. column) rank profile of a matrix describes the staircase shape of its row (resp. column) echelon form. In an ISSAC'13 paper, we proposed a recursive Gaussian elimination that can compute simultaneously the row and column rank profiles of a matrix as well as those of all of its leading sub-matrices, in the same time as state of the art Gaussian elimination algorithms. Here we first study the conditions making a Gaus-sian elimination algorithm reveal this information. Therefore, we propose the definition of a new matrix invariant, the rank profile matrix, summarizing all information on the row and column rank profiles of all the leading sub-matrices. We also explore the conditions for a Gaussian elimination algorithm to compute all or part of this invariant, through the corresponding PLUQ decomposition. As a consequence, we show that the classical iterative CUP decomposition algorithm can actually be adapted to compute the rank profile matrix. Used, in a Crout variant, as a base-case to our ISSAC'13 implementation, it delivers a significant improvement in efficiency. Second, the row (resp. column) echelon form of a matrix are usually computed via different dedicated triangular decompositions. We show here that, from some PLUQ decompositions, it is possible to recover the row and column echelon forms of a matrix and of any of its leading sub-matrices thanks to an elementary post-processing algorithm.
discovering new pathogenic variants by in silico methods
Creators: name: Zorluer Ziya Furkan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Pathogenic variants, In silico analysis, New candidate pathogenic variants

description: Inherited diseases are health problems caused by one or more abnormalities in the genome. It can be caused by changes in a single gene (monogenic) or multiple genes (polygenic), or by a damage on chromosomes. Genetic variation is the differences in the DNA sequences that can be observed within a species or in alleles. Evaluation of genetic variants, together with reported phenotypic or pathogenic annotations from non-human organisms, facilitates the comparison of these variants with their human counterparts. In this work, we combined pathogenic and phenotypic annotations with variants, and these phenotypic orthologous variants from seven organisms can provide clues to the functional consequences of human genetic variants.
An Analysis on Seasonality and Substitution in the Demand for Fruits
Creators: name: Kim, Sungyong
name: Kim, Sungyong
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: fruits demand
subject: seasonality
subject: inverse almost ideal demand system

description: We emphasize the role of seasonality in fruits demand and extend the inverse AIDS model to incorporate seasonality and product availability into the demand. Estimation results show that own flexibilities are different across seasons, and the degree of q-substitutability between domestic and imported fruits is varying dependent upon seasons, as well. In the demand for most fruits, own price flexibilities are relatively smaller at in-season rather than at out-of-season. Imported oranges are found to compete with pears, watermelons and Korean melons in spring, and peaches in summer, while bananas being imported into the domestic market all the year round are mostly competing with apples in both summer and fall, Korean melons and grapes in fall, and pears in winter. Parameter estimates on substitutions between domestic and imported fruits might be useful to design a marketing strategy for domestic fruits and/or public support programs for those producers.
Critical pairs for the Product Singleton Bound
Creators: name: Mirandola, Diego
name: Zémor, Gilles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We characterize Product-MDS pairs of linear codes, i.e.\ pairs of codes $C,D$ whose product under coordinatewise multiplication has maximum possible minimum distance as a function of the code length and the dimensions $\dim C, \dim D$. We prove in particular, for $C=D$, that if the square of the code $C$ has minimum distance at least $2$, and $(C,C)$ is a Product-MDS pair, then either $C$ is a generalized Reed-Solomon code, or $C$ is a direct sum of self-dual codes. In passing we establish coding-theory analogues of classical theorems of additive combinatorics.
States generated in the $K$-multi-$ρ$ interactions
Creators: name: Xiao, C. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present work we use three-body interaction formalism to investigate the $K$-multi-$ρ$ interactions. First, we reproduced the resonances $f_2(1270)$ and $K_1(1270)$ in the $ρρ$ and $ρK$ two-body interactions respectively, as the clusters of the fixed center approximation. Then, we study the three-body $K -ρρ(f_2)$ and $ρ- ρK (K_1)$ interactions with the fixed center approximation of the Faddeev equations. Furthermore, we extrapolate the formalism to study the four-body, five-body and six-body systems, containing one $K$ meson and multi-$ρ$ mesons. In our research, without introducing any free parameters, we generate the $K_2 (1770)$ state in the three-body interaction with the mass of 1707 MeV and a width about 113 MeV, which are consistent with the experiments. We also find a clear resonant structure in our results of the five-body interaction, with a mass 2505 MeV and a width about 32 MeV or more, which is associated to the $K_4 (2500)$ state, where we obtain consistent results with the experimental findings. Furthermore, we predict some new states in the other many body interactions, $K_3 (2080)$, $K_5 (2670)$ (isospin $I=1/2$), and $K_4 (2640)$ (isospin $I=3/2$), with uncertainties.
description: Updated version: comments and references added, accepted by PRD
Tension/​Spannung
Creators: name: Holzhey, Christoph F. E.
Publisher: name: Turia + Kant
Year: 2010
Subjects: tension
Spannung
tension (aesthetics)
tension (politics)
tension (physics)
interdisciplinarity

description: Tension appears in many contexts and carries diverse meanings. It tends to be viewed as something to be avoided and reduced in politics; to be explained, worked through, and resolved in therapy or science; to be endured and sustained in modern art; or to be sought after and enjoyed in popular culture. This volume brings together contributions from several academic and artistic fields in order to question the self-evidence of the deceptively simple term ‘tension’ and explore the possibility of productive transfers among different forms und understandings of tension. Refusing the temptation of a stabilizing synthesis, it establishes a dense web of approaches, providing a new critical paradigm for further inquiry.
description: /Tension/​Spannung/, ed. by Christoph F. E. Holzhey, Cultural Inquiry, 1 (Vienna: Turia + Kant, 2010) >
Implicit large eddy simulations of anisotropic weakly compressible turbulence with application to core-collapse supernovae
Creators: name: Radice, David
name: Couch, Sean M.
name: Ott, Christian D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) In the implicit large eddy simulation (ILES) paradigm, the dissipative nature of high-resolution shock-capturing schemes is exploited to provide an implicit model of turbulence. Recent 3D simulations suggest that turbulence might play a crucial role in core-collapse supernova explosions, however the fidelity with which turbulence is simulated in these studies is unclear. Especially considering that the accuracy of ILES for the regime of interest in CCSN, weakly compressible and strongly anisotropic, has not been systematically assessed before. In this paper we assess the accuracy of ILES using numerical methods most commonly employed in computational astrophysics by means of a number of local simulations of driven, weakly compressible, anisotropic turbulence. We report a detailed analysis of the way in which the turbulent cascade is influenced by the numerics. Our results suggest that anisotropy and compressibility in CCSN turbulence have little effect on the turbulent kinetic energy spectrum and a Kolmogorov $k^{-5/3}$ scaling is obtained in the inertial range. We find that, on the one hand, the kinetic energy dissipation rate at large scales is correctly captured even at relatively low resolutions, suggesting that very high effective Reynolds number can be achieved at the largest scales of the simulation. On the other hand, the dynamics at intermediate scales appears to be completely dominated by the so-called bottleneck effect, \ie the pile up of kinetic energy close to the dissipation range due to the partial suppression of the energy cascade by numerical viscosity. An inertial range is not recovered until the point where relatively high resolution $\sim 512^3$, which would be difficult to realize in global simulations, is reached. We discuss the consequences for CCSN simulations.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures, matches published version
Rotating saddle trap as Foucault's pendulum
Creators: name: Kirillov, Oleg N.
name: Levi, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the many surprising results found in the mechanics of rotating systems is the stabilization of a particle in a rapidly rotating planar saddle potential. Besides the counterintuitive stabilization, an unexpected precessional motion is observed. In this note we show that this precession is due to a Coriolis-like force caused by the rotation of the potential. To our knowledge this is the first example where such force arises in an inertial reference frame. We also propose an idea of a simple mechanical demonstration of this effect.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures
Performance, blood and histological parameters and gene expression of lipogenic markers in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed Tenebrio molitor larvae meal
Creators: name: Soares, L.J.F.
name: Ribeiro, G.O.
name: Freitas, D.F.
name: Madureira, E.R.
name: Aiura, F.S.
name: Maciel, M.P.
name: Nascimento, J.C.S.
name: Ribeiro, A.G.
name: Santos, S.H.S.
name: Costa, D.V.
Publisher: name: Brill Online
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 309999
subject: Other agricultural, veterinary and food sciences not elsewhere classified

description: The objective of the present study was to evaluate different inclusion levels of mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) larvae meal in the diet of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Two hundred male Tilapia juveniles were distributed in a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments (0%, 6.5%, 13%, 19.5% and 26% mealworm larvae meal) and four repetitions (polyethylene tanks), with 10 animals each. Productive performance, blood, histological and molecular parameters and viscerosomatic and hepatosomatic indices were evaluated. Among the evaluated parameters, final biomass, biomass gain, final weight, weight gain and apparent feed consumption were influenced by the inclusion of mealworm larvae meal in the feeds; the best results were obtained with an inclusion level of 26%. The tilapia fed with mealworm larvae meal showed higher body and fillet weights and larger muscle fibres. In addition, they presented similar values of biochemical components compared to animals fed the standard diet. Lipogenic genes were significantly higher expressed in groups fed mealworm larvae meal. In view of the findings, the inclusion of mealworm larvae meal in the diet of Nile tilapia is a viable approach, and inclusion levels of up to 26% of replacement of digestible protein have no negative impacts on the analysed parameters.
Traffic Convexity Aware Cellular Networks: A Vehicular Heavy User Perspective
Creators: name: Shim, Taehyoung
name: Park, Jihong
name: Ko, Seung-Woo
name: Kim, Seong-Lyun
name: Lee, Beom Hee
name: Choi, Jin Gu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Rampant mobile traffic increase in modern cellular networks is mostly caused by large-sized multimedia contents. Recent advancements in smart devices as well as radio access technologies promote the consumption of bulky content, even for people in moving vehicles, referred to as vehicular heavy users. In this article the emergence of vehicular heavy user traffic is observed by field experiments conducted in 2012 and 2015 in Seoul, Korea. The experiments reveal that such traffic is becoming dominant, captured by the 8.62 times increase in vehicular heavy user traffic while the total traffic increased 3.04 times. To resolve this so-called vehicular heavy user problem (VHP), we propose a cell association algorithm that exploits user demand diversity for different velocities. This user traffic pattern is discovered first by our field trials, which is convex-shaped over velocity, i.e. walking user traffic is less than stationary or vehicular user traffic. As the VHP becomes severe, numerical evaluation verifies the proposed user convexity aware association outperforms a well-known load balancing association in practice, cell range expansion (CRE). In addition to the cell association, several complementary techniques are suggested in line with the technical trend toward 5G.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, to appear in IEEE Wireless Communications Magazine