cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Minimization of image watermarking side effects through subjective optimization
Creators: name: Golestani, Hossein Bakhshi
name: Ghanbari, Mohammed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper investigates the use of Structural Similaritys (SSIM) index on the minimized side effect to image watermarking. For fast implementation and more compatibility with the standard DCT based codecs, watermark insertion is carried out on the DCT coefficients and hence a SSIM model for DCT based watermarking is developed. For faster implementation, the SSIM index is maximized over independent 4x4 non-overlapped blocks but the disparity between the adjacent blocks reduces the overall image quality. This problem is resolved through optimization of overlapped blocks, but, the higher image quality is achieved at a cost of high computational complexity. To reduce the computational complexity while preserving the good quality, optimization of semi-overlapped blocks is introduced. We show that while SSIM-based optimization over overlapped blocks has as high as 64 times the complexity of the 4x4 non-overlapped method, with semi-overlapped optimization the high quality of overlapped method is preserved only at a cost of less than 8 times the non-overlapped method.
description: 17 pages,11 figures, IET Image Processing Journal
Additional file 2 of Needs assessment and impact of COVID-19 on pharmacy professionals in 31 commonwealth countries
Creators: name: Ashiru-Oredope, Diane
name: Chan, Amy Hai Yan
name: Omotayo Olaoye
name: Rutter, Victoria
name: Zaheer-Ud-Din Babar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. CPA impact of COVID-19 and Pharmacy Needs Assessment Survey Tool.
Definieren, identifizieren, fördern. Fair-OA-Aktivitäten monitoren
Creators: name: Voigt, Michaela
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Wie verlieren wir das strategische Ziel einer fairen, wissenschaftsgetragenen Open-Access-Transformation in Zeiten der Verstetigung von Publish-and-Read-Verträgen, bei denen die Transformationsabsicht häufig blass bleibt, nicht aus dem Blick? Mit der Etablierung eines festen Fair-OA-Fonds schlagen wir an der TU Berlin einen neuen Weg ein. Inhaltlich orientieren wir uns an der Definition der Fair Open Access Alliance (wissenschaftsgeleitet, Rechtevorbehalt der Autor*inInnen, Open-Access-Publikation ohne Gebühren für Autor*inInnen, Kostentransparenz) und stellen Initiativen und Projekte in den Fokus, die nicht profitorientiert handeln.

Bei Fair Open Access finanzieren wir häufig nicht die Publikationstätigkeit – wir wollen strukturell fördern, d.h. Infrastrukturen und Initiativen aus der Wissenschaft unterstützen. Ziel eines vorbereitenden Fair-OA-Monitorings kann dabei nicht sein, nur die Publikationstätigkeiten von Forschenden einer Einrichtung zu erfassen, die in Zeitschriften ohne Publikationsgebühren publizieren. Vielmehr müssen wir die verschiedenen Rollen im Publikationsgeschäft berücksichtigen und das Open-Access-Monitoring erweitern. Wissenschaftler*innen sind Autor*innen, sie haben jedoch auch andere Rollen inne (Herausgeber*in, Reviewer*in, Editorial Board u.Ä.), die bei einer publikationsfokussierten Finanzierung durchs Raster fallen.

Am Anfang einer gezielten Förderung von Fair OA steht daher eine breitere Bestandsaufnahme für die TU Berlin, gefolgt von der (Weiter-)Entwicklung von Förderkriterien. Wir stellen die Ergebnisse der Analyse von Publikationsinitiativen vor, bei denen TU-Angehörige eine gestaltende Rolle einnehmen. Wir reflektieren die Auswirkungen auf das Förderhandeln im Rahmen des Fonds und liefern Impulse für die Etablierung von Förderkriterien für die Finanzierung von fairem Open Access.
Transition to hyperchaos: Sudden expansion of attractor and intermittent large-amplitude events in dynamical systems
Creators: name: Kingston, S. Leo
name: Kapitaniak, Tomasz
name: Dana, Syamal K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hyperchaos is distinguished from chaos by the presence of at least two positive Lyapunov exponents instead of just one in dynamical systems. A general scenario is presented here that shows emergence of hyperchaos with a sudden large expansion of the attractor of continuous dynamical systems at a critical parameter when the temporal dynamics shows intermittent large-amplitude spiking or bursting events. The distribution of local maxima of the temporal dynamics is non-Gaussian with a tail, confirming a rare occurrence of the large-amplitude events. We exemplify our results on the sudden emergence of hyperchaos in three paradigmatic models, namely, a coupled Hindmarsh-Rose model, three coupled Duffing oscillators, and a hyperchaotic model.
description: 6 pages, and 6 figures
On the genesis of BBP formulas
Creators: name: Barsky, Daniel
name: Muñoz, Vicente
name: Pérez-Marco, Ricardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11K16, 11J99

description: We present a general procedure to generate infinitely many BBP and BBP-like formulas for the simplest transcendental numbers. This provides some insight and a better understanding into their nature. In particular, we can derive the main known BBP formulas for $π$. We can understand why many of these formulas are rearrangements of each other. We also understand better where some null BBP formulas representing $0$ come from. We also explain what is the observed relation between some BBP formulas for $\log 2$ and $π$, that are obtained by taking real and imaginary parts of a general complex BBP formula. Our methods are elementary, but motivated by transalgebraic considerations, and offer a new way to obtain and to search many new BBP formulas and, conjecturally, to better understand transalgebraic relations between transcendental constants.
description: 24 pages, no figures. v2: Added one reference. Moved previous section 5 to an appendix. v3: References added. Final version to appear in Acta Arithmetica. v4: Corrects minor mistakes in the published version
Graphene-based chemiresistive gas sensors
Creators: name: Spasenović, Marko
name: Andrić, Stevan
name: Tomašević-Ilić, Tijana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gas sensors are an indispensable ingredient of the modern society, finding their use across a range of industries that include manufacturing, environmental protection and control, automotive and others. Novel applications have been arising, requiring new materials. Here we outline the principles of gas sensing with a focus on chemiresistive-type devices. We follow up with a summary of the advantages and use of graphene as a gas sensing material, discussing the properties of different graphene production methods. Finally, we showcase some recent results that point to novel applications of graphene-based gas sensors, including respiration monitoring and finger proximity detection.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures
Observation of spin-momentum locked surface states in amorphous Bi$_{2}$Se$_{3}$
Creators: name: Corbae, Paul
name: Ciocys, Samuel
name: Varjas, Daniel
name: Kennedy, Ellis
name: Zeltmann, Steven
name: Molina-Ruiz, Manel
name: Griffin, Sinead
name: Jozwiak, Chris
name: Chen, Zhanghui
name: Wang, Lin-Wang
name: Minor, Andrew M.
name: Scott, Mary
name: Grushin, Adolfo G.
name: Lanzara, Alessandra
name: Hellman, Frances
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Crystalline symmetries have played a central role in the identification of topological materials. The use of symmetry indicators and band representations have enabled a classification scheme for crystalline topological materials, leading to large scale topological materials discovery. In this work we address whether amorphous topological materials, which lie beyond this classification due to the lack of long-range structural order, exist in the solid state. We study amorphous Bi$_2$Se$_3$ thin films, which show a metallic behavior and an increased bulk resistance. The observed low field magnetoresistance due to weak antilocalization demonstrates a significant number of two dimensional surface conduction channels. Our angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy data is consistent with a dispersive two-dimensional surface state that crosses the bulk gap. Spin resolved photoemission spectroscopy shows this state has an anti-symmetric spin texture resembling that of the surface state of crystalline Bi$_2$Se$_3$. These experimental results are consistent with theoretical photoemission spectra obtained with an amorphous tight-binding model that utilizes a realistic amorphous structure. This discovery of amorphous materials with topological properties uncovers an overlooked subset of topological matter outside the current classification scheme, enabling a new route to discover materials that can enhance the development of scalable topological devices.
description: 30 pages, 4 figures
Rayleigh scattering of linear alkylbenzene in large liquid scintillator detectors
Creators: name: Zhou, Xiang
name: Liu, Qian
name: Wurm, Michael
name: Zhang, Qingmin
name: Ding, Yayun
name: Zhang, Zhenyu
name: Zheng, Yangheng
name: Zhou, Li
name: Cao, Jun
name: Wang, Yifang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rayleigh scattering poses an intrinsic limit for the transparency of organic liquid scintillators. This work focuses on the Rayleigh scattering length of linear alkylbenzene (LAB), which will be used as the solvent of the liquid scintillator in the central detector of the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory. We investigate the anisotropy of the Rayleigh scattering in LAB, showing that the resulting Rayleigh scattering length will be significantly shorter than reported before. Given the same overall light attenuation, this will result in a more efficient transmission of photons through the scintillator, increasing the amount of light collected by the photosensors and thereby the energy resolution of the detector.
description: 5 pages
Additional file 1 of Role of [18F]FAPI-04 in staging and therapeutic management of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: prospective comparison with [18F]FDG PET/CT
Creators: name: Liang, Jiucen
name: Jiang, Shuqin
name: Song, Jingjing
name: Chen, Danyang
name: Weng, Shaojuan
name: Li, Shuyi
name: Peng, Hao
name: Liu, Zhidong
name: Zhang, Jing
name: Chen, Yuanlin
name: Rao, Songquan
name: Chen, Haipeng
name: Zhang, Rusen
name: Liu, Hao
name: Zhang, Linqi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer

description: Supplementary Material 1
title: PCF Voice of the People
Creators: name: Vilensky, Raisa
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The French Communist Party (PCF) played an instrumental role in giving a voice to a segment of the population that was otherwise poorly represented in democracy. This paper attempts to illustrate the origins of communism in France by drawing on French history to connect a unique and separate branch of thought, beginning with Jean-Jacques Rousseau. From Rousseau's ideals on the evil of private property and his disdain for the rule of law being merely a tool to support the existing ruling class, through the Jacobins of the French Revolution, and continued by the French Socialists of the Nineteenth Century, it can be proven that communism had a uniquely French character. The PCF was more an outgrowth of this sustained intellectual development than it was a tool of the Soviet Union.

This squares with the performance and actions of the PCF in the greatest historical epochs of existence, the era between the World Wars. During the interwar phase, the PCF was singularly most responsible for the achievement of the Matignon Agreements-the cornerstone of the French social model even today. Furthermore, the PCF consistently worked for the unity of the left in the face of the rising tide of fascism, correctly understanding the menace of German aggression when others did not, and found a leader in Maurice Thorez who was able to command respect, even from Joseph Stalin.

During World War II, it was the PCF that provided the impetus for French Resistance and performed that role extremely effectively. The party established itself not as a party of revolution, but rather a party of French nationalism. In doing so, it helped erode class discrepancies and perhaps was most responsible for the liberation of Paris and other territories. The decline of the PCF is also noted, for its inability to overcome differences in both the political left and the labor unions so as to effect consolidation thereof resulted in it abandoning a traditional lesson of French politics-the necessity of compromise. Consequently, the PCF signed the Cominform and ceased to embody what it did at its height.
Inflation driven by a holographic energy density
Creators: name: Oliveros, A.
name: Acero, Mario A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter we study a model of inflation in which the inflationary regimen comes from a type of holographic energy density. In particular, we consider the Granda-Oliveros proposal for the holographic energy density, which contains two free dimensionless parameters, $α$ and $β$. This holographic energy density is associated to the so-called Granda-Oliveros infrared cutoff (G-O cutoff). Additionally, since in the inflationary regimen the energy scales are very high, it is necessary to modify the G-O cutoff taking into account a correction due to the ultraviolet cutoff. In this way, we obtain an algebraic equation which implicitly includes the Hubble parameter (as a function of e-folding number, $N$) and from this, we calculate the Hubble slow-roll parameters and the values of the inflationary observables: the scalar spectral index of the curvature perturbations and its running, the tensor spectral index and the tensor-to-scalar ratio. Finally, since the values for these inflationary observables are known (Planck 2018 observations), we present constraints on the parameters $α$ and $β$ to make this a viable model.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, references added, minor changes, accepted for publication in EPL
METing SUSY on the Z peak
Creators: name: Barenboim, G.
name: Bernabeu, J.
name: Mitsou, V. A.
name: Romero, E.
name: Vives, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently the ATLAS experiment announced a 3 $σ$ excess at the Z-peak consisting of 29 pairs of leptons together with two or more jets, $E_T^{\rm miss}> 225$ GeV and $H_T \geq 600$ GeV, to be compared with $10.6 \pm 3.2$ expected lepton pairs in the Standard Model. No excess outside the Z-peak was observed. By trying to explain this signal with SUSY we find that only relatively light gluinos, $m_{\tilde g} \lesssim 1.2$ TeV, together with a heavy neutralino NLSP of $m_{\tilde χ} \gtrsim 400$ GeV decaying predominantly to Z-boson plus a light gravitino, such that nearly every gluino produces at least one Z-boson in its decay chain, could reproduce the excess. We construct an explicit general gauge mediation model able to reproduce the observed signal overcoming all the experimental limits. Needless to say, more sophisticated models could also reproduce the signal, however, any model would have to exhibit the following features, light gluinos, or heavy particles with a strong production cross-section, producing at least one Z-boson in its decay chain. The implications of our findings for the Run II at LHC with the scaling on the Z peak, as well as for the direct search of gluinos and other SUSY particles, are pointed out.
description: 24 pages, 17 figures, simulation improved, Checkmate analysis added, new benchmark point included. Typos corrected, conclusions unchanged
Additional file 1 of Needs assessment and impact of COVID-19 on pharmacy professionals in 31 commonwealth countries
Creators: name: Ashiru-Oredope, Diane
name: Chan, Amy Hai Yan
name: Omotayo Olaoye
name: Rutter, Victoria
name: Zaheer-Ud-Din Babar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Completed CHERRIES checklist for web-based studies for the survey.
Observations of Cepheids with the MOST satellite: Contrast between Pulsation Modes
Creators: name: Evans, N. R.
name: Szabó, R.
name: Derekas, A.
name: Szabados, L.
name: Cameron, C.
name: Matthews, J. M.
name: Sasselov, D.
name: Kuschnig, R.
name: Rowe, J. F.
name: Guenther, D. B.
name: Moffat, A. F. J.
name: Rucinski, S. M.
name: Weiss, W. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantity and quality of satellite photometric data strings is revealing details in Cepheid variation at very low levels. Specifically, we observed a Cepheid pulsating in the fundamental mode and one pulsating in the first overtone with the Canadian MOST satellite. The 3.7-d period fundamental mode pulsator (RT Aur) has a light curve that repeats precisely, and can be modeled by a Fourier series very accurately. The overtone pulsator (SZ Tau, 3.1 d period) on the other hand shows light curve variation from cycle to cycle which we characterize by the variations in the Fourier parameters. We present arguments that we are seeing instability in the pulsation cycle of the overtone pulsator, and that this is also a characteristic of the O-C curves of overtone pulsators. On the other hand, deviations from cycle to cycle as a function of pulsation phase follow a similar pattern in both stars, increasing after minimum radius. In summary, pulsation in the overtone pulsator is less stable than that of the fundamental mode pulsator at both long and short timescales.
description: accepted in MNRAS, 11 pages, 10 figures
Topology and adjunction in promise constraint satisfaction
Creators: name: Krokhin, Andrei
name: Opršal, Jakub
name: Wrochna, Marcin
name: Živný, Stanislav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The approximate graph colouring problem, whose complexity is unresolved in most cases, concerns finding a $c$-colouring of a graph that is promised to be $k$-colourable, where $c\geq k$. This problem naturally generalises to promise graph homomorphism problems and further to promise constraint satisfaction problems. The complexity of these problems has recently been studied through an algebraic approach. In this paper, we introduce two new techniques to analyse the complexity of promise CSPs: one is based on topology and the other on adjunction. We apply these techniques, together with the previously introduced algebraic approach, to obtain new unconditional NP-hardness results for a significant class of approximate graph colouring and promise graph homomorphism problems.
description: This merges and subsumes arXiv:1904.03214 and arXiv:1907.00872. After reviews
Threshold of Primordial Black Hole Formation in Nonspherical Collapse
Creators: name: Yoo, Chul-Moon
name: Harada, Tomohiro
name: Okawa, Hirotada
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform (3+1)-dimensional simulations of primordial black hole (PBH) formation starting from the spheroidal super-horizon perturbations. We investigate how the ellipticity (prolateness or oblateness) affects the threshold of PBH formation in terms of the peak amplitude of curvature perturbation. We find that, in the case of the radiation-dominated universe, the effect of ellipticity on the threshold is negligibly small for the large amplitude of perturbations expected for PBH formation.
description: Two-column, 5 pages, 8 figures, minor corrections
Study of uranium oxide milling in order to obtain nanostructured UCx target
Creators: name: Guillot, Julien
name: Tusseau-Nenez, Sandrine
name: Roussiere, Brigitte
name: Barre-Boscher, Nicole
name: Brisset, Francois
name: Mhamed, Maher Cheikh
name: Lau, Christophe
name: Nowak, Sophie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A R&D program is developed at the ALTO facility to provide new beams of exotic neutron-rich nuclei, as intense as possible. In the framework of European projects, it has been shown that the use of refractory targets with nanometric structure allows us to obtain beams of nuclei unreachable until now. The first parameter to be controlled in the processing to obtain targets with a homogeneous nanostructure is the grinding of uranium dioxide, down to 100 nm grain size. In this study, dry and wet grinding routes are studied and the powders are analyzed in terms of phase stabilization, specific surface area and grain morphology. It appears that the grinding, as well dry as wet, leads to the decrease of the particle size. The oxidation of UO2 is observed whatever the grinding. However, the dry grinding is the most efficient and leads to the oxidation of UO2 into U4O9 and U3O7 whose quantities increase with the grinding time while crystallite sizes decrease.
Bisimulations Respecting Duration and Causality for the Non-interleaving Applied $π$-Calculus
Creators: name: Aubert, Clément
name: Horne, Ross
name: Johansen, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.3.2; C.2.2

description: This paper shows how we can make use of an asynchronous transition system, whose transitions are labelled with events and which is equipped with a notion of independence of events, to define non-interleaving semantics for the applied $π$-calculus. The most important notions we define are: Start-Termination or ST-bisimilarity, preserving duration of events; and History-Preserving or HP- bisimilarity, preserving causality. We point out that corresponding similarity preorders expose clearly distinctions between these semantics. We draw particular attention to the distinguishing power of HP failure similarity, and discuss how it affects the attacker threat model against which we verify security and privacy properties. We also compare existing notions of located bisimilarity to the definitions we introduce.
description: In Proceedings EXPRESS/SOS 2022, arXiv:2208.14777
Solution Path Algorithm for Twin Multi-class Support Vector Machine
Creators: name: Chen, Liuyuan
name: Zhou, Kanglei
name: Jing, Junchang
name: Fan, Haiju
name: Li, Juntao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The twin support vector machine and its extensions have made great achievements in dealing with binary classification problems. However, it suffers from difficulties in effective solution of multi-classification and fast model selection. This work devotes to the fast regularization parameter tuning algorithm for the twin multi-class support vector machine. Specifically, a novel sample data set partition strategy is first adopted, which is the basis for the model construction. Then, combining the linear equations and block matrix theory, the Lagrangian multipliers are proved to be piecewise linear w.r.t. the regularization parameters, so that the regularization parameters are continuously updated by only solving the break points. Next, Lagrangian multipliers are proved to be 1 as the regularization parameter approaches infinity, thus, a simple yet effective initialization algorithm is devised. Finally, eight kinds of events are defined to seek for the starting event for the next iteration. Extensive experimental results on nine UCI data sets show that the proposed method can achieve comparable classification performance without solving any quadratic programming problem.
description: Accepted by ESWA
From CCS to CSP: the m-among-n Synchronisation Approach
Creators: name: Ngondi, Gerard Ekembe
name: Koutavas, Vasileios
name: Butterfield, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.3.2;D.3.1

description: We present an alternative translation from CCS to an extension of CSP based on m-among-n synchronisation (called CSPmn). This translation is correct up to strong bisimulation. Unlike the g-star renaming approach ([4]), this translation is not limited by replication (viz., recursion with no nested parallel composition). We show that m-among-n synchronisation can be implemented in CSP based on multiway synchronisation and renaming.
description: In Proceedings EXPRESS/SOS 2022, arXiv:2208.14777
Determination of the nitrogen vacancy as a shallow compensating center in GaN doped with divalent metals
Creators: name: Buckeridge, J.
name: Catlow, C. R. A.
name: Scanlon, D. O.
name: Keal, T. W.
name: Sherwood, P.
name: Miskufova, M.
name: Walsh, A.
name: Woodley, S. M.
name: Sokol, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report accurate energetics of defects introduced in GaN on doping with divalent metals, focussing on the technologically important case of Mg doping, using a model which takes into consideration both the effect of hole localisation and dipolar polarisation of the host material, and includes a well-defined reference level. Defect formation and ionisation energies show that divalent dopants are counterbalanced in GaN by nitrogen vacancies and not by holes, which explains both the difficulty in achieving p-type conductivity in GaN and the associated major spectroscopic features, including the ubiquitous 3.46 eV photoluminescence line, a characteristic of all lightly divalent metal-doped GaN materials that has also been shown to occur in pure GaN samples. Our results give a comprehensive explanation for the observed behaviour of GaN doped with low concentrations of divalent metals in good agreement with relevant experiment.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
The solidification of a disk-shaped crystal from a weakly supercooled binary melt
Creators: name: Jones, David W. Rees
name: Wells, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The physics of ice crystal growth from the liquid phase, especially in the presence of salt, has received much less attention than the growth of snow crystals from the vapour phase. The growth of so-called frazil ice by solidification of a supercooled aqueous salt solution is consistent with crystal growth in the basal plane being limited by the diffusive removal of the latent heat of solidification from the solid--liquid interface, while being limited by attachment kinetics in the perpendicular direction. This leads to the formation of approximately disk-shaped crystals with a low aspect ratio of thickness compared to radius, because radial growth is much faster than axial growth. We calculate numerically how fast disk-shaped crystals grow in both pure and binary melts, accounting for the comparatively slow axial growth, the effect of dissolved solute in the fluid phase and the difference in thermal properties between solid and fluid phases. We identify the main physical mechanisms that control crystal growth and show that the diffusive removal of both the latent heat released and also the salt rejected at the growing interface are significant. Our calculations demonstrate that certain previous parameterizations, based on scaling arguments, substantially underestimate crystal growth rates by a factor of order 10-100 for low aspect ratio disks, and provide a parameterization for use in models of ice crystal growth in environmental settings.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures. Updated version with some additional discussion and references, mostly in the introduction. We tested a further two models of axial growth in section III, and added a new figure in that section
The fiber coupler and beam stabilization system of the GRAVITY interferometer
Creators: name: Pfuhl, O.
name: Haug, M.
name: Eisenhauer, F.
name: Kellner, S.
name: Haussmann, F.
name: Perrin, G.
name: Gillessen, S.
name: Straubmeier, C.
name: Ott, T.
name: Rousselet-Perraut, K.
name: Amorim, A.
name: Lippa, M.
name: Janssen, A.
name: Brandner, W.
name: Kok, Y.
name: Blind, N.
name: Burtscher, L.
name: Sturm, E.
name: Wieprecht, E.
name: Schoeller, M.
name: Weber, J.
name: Hans, O.
name: Huber, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the installed and fully operational beam stabilization and fiber injection subsystem feeding the 2nd generation VLTI instrument GRAVITY. The interferometer GRAVITY requires an unprecedented stability of the VLTI optical train to achieve micro-arcsecond astrometry. For this purpose, GRAVITY contains four fiber coupler units, one per telescope. Each unit is equipped with actuators to stabilize the telescope beam in terms of tilt and lateral pupil displacement, to rotate the field, to adjust the polarization and to compensate atmospheric piston. A special roof-prism offers the possibility of on-axis as well as off-axis fringe tracking without changing the optical train. We describe the assembly, integration and alignment and the resulting optical quality and performance of the individual units. Finally, we present the closed-loop performance of the tip-tilt and pupil tracking achieved with the final systems in the lab.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures. Proceedings of the SPIE 9146 "Optical and Infrared Interferometry IV"
The importance of nutrition in the training of young footballers.
Creators: name: Nabila, MIMOUNI-TOUABTI
name: OuldAmara, L
name: Touabti, S.L
name: Alliche, B
name: Boureghda, M
name: Foudia, M
name: Koceir, El Hadj
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Football, Nutrition, Training

description: Training is the physical preparation of athletes for a competition. In this preparation, specific nutrition must be included to have a supply of energy necessary for the body and the muscles in order to achieve a good performance. It is possible to know what is the diet that footballers should follow during the training period to have a better performance?

This is why the purpose of this study is the importance of nutrition in order to improve the level of performance of young footballers and to determine whether the impact of following an adapted food plan influences performance. The aim is to provide an in-depth understanding of the importance of nutrition in the training of young footballers and to offer practical strategies to maximize their sporting potential through a balanced and healthy diet.
title: Questionnaire layout, order and screenshots
title: For Paper: Ebbers, Karaboga (2022): Influencing Factors for Users' Privacy and Security Protection Behavior in Smart Speakers: Insights from a Swiss User Study. The 4th Workshop on Security, Privacy, Organizations, and Systems Engineering, held at ESORICS 2022
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Ebbers, Frank
name: Karaboga, Murat
Publisher: name: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
Year: 2022

description: This document represents the original questions for the survey conducted in the paper “Influencing Factors for Users' Privacy and Security Protection Behavior in Smart Speakers: Insights from a Swiss User Study” by Frank Ebbers and Murat Karaboga. Original screenshots and the questions in text are present in German, French and Italian.
Indirect inference for locally stationary ARMA processes with stable innovations
Creators: name: Chou-Chen, Shu Wei
name: Morettin, Pedro A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62M10

description: The class of locally stationary processes assumes that there is a time-varying spectral representation, that is, the existence of finite second moment. We propose the $α$-stable locally stationary process by modifying the innovations into stable distributions and the indirect inference to estimate this type of model. Due to the infinite variance, some of interesting properties such as time-varying auto-correlation cannot be defined. However, since the $α$-stable family of distributions is closed under linear combination which includes the possibility of handling asymmetry and thicker tails, the proposed model has the same tail behavior throughout the time. In this paper, we propose this new model, present theoretical properties of the process and carry out simulations related to the indirect inference in order to estimate the parametric form of the model. Finally, an empirical application is illustrated.
description: 31 pages, 14 figures. Submitted to the Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation
Additional file 1 of Identifying frailty in trials: an analysis of individual participant data from trials of novel pharmacological interventions
Creators: name: Hanlon, Peter
name: Butterly, Elaine
name: Lewsey, Jim
name: Siebert, Stefan
name: Mair, Frances S.
name: McAllister, David A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 1: Deficits included in frailty index for each condition. Table S1: Diabetes trials frailty index deficits. Table S2: Rheumatoid arthritis trials frailty index deficits. Table S3: COPD trials frailty index deficits. Parameters for the distributions of the frailty index for each trial. Table S4: Parameters of generalised gamma distribution for frailty index for each trial. Generalised gamma model coefficients and variance covariance matrices. Tables S5-S42: Coefficients and variance-covariance matrices for generalised gamma models assessing relationship between frailty index and baseline characteristics for each trial.
Probing the inner kpc of massive galaxies with strong gravitational lensing
Creators: name: Hezaveh, Yashar D.
name: Marshall, Philip J.
name: Blandford, Roger D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the prospects of detecting demagnified images of gravitational lenses in observations of strongly lensed mm-wave molecular emission lines with ALMA. We model the lensing galaxies as a superposition of a dark matter component, a stellar component, and a central supermassive black hole and assess the detectability of the central images for a range of relevant parameters (e.g., stellar core, black hole mass, and source size). We find that over a large range of plausible parameters, future deep observations of lensed molecular lines with ALMA should enable detection of the central images at $\gtrsim 3σ$ significance. We use a Fisher analysis to examine the constraints that could be placed on these parameters in various scenarios and find that for large stellar cores, both the core size and the mass of the central SMBHs can be accurately measured. We also study the prospects for detecting binary SMBHs with such observations and find that only under rare conditions and with very long integrations ($\sim$40-hr) the masses of both SMBHs may be measured using the distortions of central images.
description: ApJL, in press
Management of Invasive Tomato Pin Worm, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick)
Creators: name: Vijay Kumar1* and Gagandeep Singh2
Publisher: name: trends in Agriculture Science
Year: 2023

description: Polyhouse farmers are informed that their polyhouse tomato crop may be invading by an introduced notorious pest, tomato pin worm, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick). This belongs to the Gelechiidae family of the Lepidoptera order. This pest is originated from South America and known for various other names in the different parts of world viz., tomato leaf miner, South American tomato moth, South American tomato pinworm, tomato borer, American leaf miner etc. It has been accidently introduced into India in the year 2014 in Pune, Maharashtra first and thereby other states of the country. It was earlier known to a pest of tomato crop in open field conditions only, but recently, it has been observed under polyhouse conditions in the Udaipur region of Rajasthan in a low incidence. However, now a day, it is found to invade the polyhouses tomato crop in a devastating way and becoming notorious pest for the farmers.
Fish species diversity indices as pollution indicators in Galveston Bay, Texas
Creators: name: Bechtel, Timothy Joseph, 1942-
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1970
Subjects: subject: Water pollution
subject: Texas
subject: Galveston Bay
subject: Fish diversity
subject: Pollution indicator
subject: Species diversity
subject: Fish populations
subject: Fish variation
subject: Water quality biological assessment
subject: Effect of water pollution on fishes
subject: Fish populations--Texas--Galveston Bay
subject: Fishes--Variation--Texas--Galveston Bay--Measurement
subject: Water--Pollution--Texas--Galveston Bay
subject: Water quality biological assessment--Texas--Galveston Bay
subject: Fishes--Effect of water pollution on--Texas--Galveston Bay

description: Pollution of estuaries has become a major concern in recent years because of degradation of water quality for domestic, industrial and recreational uses. Studies of pollution effects on aquatic life have taken many approaches, among these being the determination of species diversity, with a species diversity index based on one or more trophic levels used as a tool to assess adverse water quality conditions. Doudoroff and Warren (1957) stated that there was more published information on the environmental requirements of fish than on the requirements of species of any other group of aquatic organisms, with the exception of a few commercially important invertebrates. In spite of this, the use of fish as indicators of pollution has received less attention than other major plant and animal groups, microscopic and macroscopic. There are few published accounts of studies using fish diversity as a pollution indicator. The great difficulty of adequately sampling fish populations with the standard methods of collection, coupled with the great mobility of most fishes, has probably precluded the use of fish for such studies. As a part of the Texas Water Quality Board's extensive Galveston Bay pollution study, the fish populations of the bay were sampled with an otter trawl to test the thesis that fish diversity could be used as an indicator of water quality and that the fish diversity indices developed adequately represented the state of health of Galveston Bay at the time of sampling. The sampling periods were February 18 to 27, 1969; April 15 to 24, 1969; July 14 to 18, 1969; and October 14 to 17, 1969
The Galois action on symplectic $K$-theory
Creators: name: Feng, Tony
name: Galatius, Soren
name: Venkatesh, Akshay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F80, 19G38, 19F27

description: We study a symplectic variant of algebraic $K$-theory of the integers, which comes equipped with a canonical action of the absolute Galois group of $\mathbf{Q}$. We compute this action explicitly. The representations we see are extensions of Tate twists $\mathbf{Z}_p(2k-1)$ by a trivial representation, and we characterize them by a universal property among such extensions. The key tool in the proof is the theory of complex multiplication for abelian varieties.
description: 64 pages, final accepted version
Additional file 1 of The impact of the Maritime Labor Convention on seafarers’ working and living conditions: an analysis of port state control statistics
Creators: name: Fotteler, Marina Liselotte
name: Bygvraa, Despena Andrioti
name: Jensen, Olaf Chresten
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Inspection differences among the MoU. More detailed description of the differences in inspection regimes among the MoU including additional literature.
Use of micro-CT to examine effects of heat on coronal obturation
Creators: name: Ahn, C.
name: Vo, K.
name: Daniel, J.
name: Komabayashi, T.
name: Shen, I.
name: Primus, C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Purpose: The aim of this study was to categorize the effects of heat on cor-onal obturation with gutta-percha and sealer using X-ray micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Methods: Ten single-rooted, extracted human teeth were shaped using ProTaper NEXT files to size X5 (#50/Taper 6%) with 2.5% NaOCl irriga-tion. A single ProTaper NEXT X5 gutta-percha point was then inserted with epoxy resin (AH Plus) or tricalcium silicate (EndoSequence BC) sealer (n = 5/group), and cut at the cemento-enamel junction. The teeth were scanned using micro-CT (SkyScan1272) to obtain 11 sagittal 2-D images. Three calibrated raters categorized the coronal 0.5 mm of the images into four categories: “swirled sealer and/or gutta-percha without voids” (I), “uniform voids and sealer/gutta-percha” (II), “non-uniform voids and sealer/gutta-percha” (III), and “swirled sealer and/or gutta-percha with voids” (IV). Intra-rater and inter-rater reliability were then calculated. Chi-square tests were conducted to determine the significance of differences in each category between sealers. Results: The intra-class correlation coefficient was 0.55 (same rater/two different times) and Fleiss’ kappa (different raters/same image) was 0.34. Categories I, II, III, and IV accounted for 16.4%, 4.2%, 30.3%, and 49.1% for AH Plus, and 6.7%, 4.2%, 27.3%, and 61.8% for EndoSequence BC, respectively. Conclusion: Category IV was most common and Category II the least common. Significant differences were evident between sealers for Category I (P < 0.01).
Thermal, Ultraviolet and Hydrothermal Aging of Para-Aramid/Polybenzimidazole Fire-Protective Fabrics
Creators: Hoque, Md. Saiful
Dolez, Patricia I.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2022

Conference Abstract. Part of the Proceedings of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering International Congress 2022.
Effects of heat on seven endodontic sealers
Creators: name: Prati, C.
name: Chavarria-Bolanos, D.
name: Vega-Baudrit, J.
name: Montero-Aguilar, M.
name: Komabayashi, T.
name: Shen, I.
name: Gandolfi, M.G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Purpose: To examine the microscopic surface features, chemical composi-tion, and thermodynamic profile of seven endodontic sealers (AH Plus, Adseal, MTA-Fillapex, RoekoSeal, GuttaFlow 2, GuttaFlow BioSeal, and EndoRez) exposed to high-temperature changes using an endodontic obturation device. Methods: The thermal properties were examined using scanning calorim-etry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Then, six disc-shaped specimens of each sealer were prepared and divided into two groups – a room temperature group and a heat exposure group – for analysis of surface and chemical changes using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Results: DSC analysis showed that AH Plus had the highest exothermal signal (122.9°C), while TGA analysis showed that MTA-Fillapex was most affected by increased temperature (32.4% mass loss at 230ºC). SEM analysis showed that while AH Plus and GuttaFlow BioSeal maintained their surface integrity after heat exposure, the EDS profiles demonstrated changes in the chemical composition of the sealers after heat exposure for 5 s. High-temperature exposure had a negative impact on the properties of five of the sealers (Adseal, MTA-Fillapex, RoekoSeal, GuttaFlow 2, and EndoRez). Conclusion: AH Plus and GuttaFlow BioSeal showed minimal changes upon high-temperature exposure, suggesting their suitability for thermal endodontic obturation techniques.
Coronal and apical leakage among five endodontic sealers
Creators: name: Ahn, C.
name: Daniel, J.
name: Vo, K.
name: Primus, C.
name: Komabayashi, T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Purpose: The aim of this study was to use dye penetration to measure apical and coronal leakage simultaneously in single-canal teeth that had been treated endodontically using a single-cone obturation technique. Methods: One hundred single-canal, extracted human teeth were cleaned and shaped with ProTaper NEXT rotary files to size-X5 (50/.06), then randomly assigned to five sealer groups for single-cone gutta-percha obturation. The teeth were soaked in 0.6% rhodamine B at 37°C for seven days, then the roots were ground mesiodistally and the maximum apical and coronal dye penetration was measured. Differences in leakage among the sealer groups were examined using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Pairwise comparisons were made using the Mann-Whitney test with Bonferroni correction. Results: The mean values (mm) of dye penetration for AH Plus, Pulp Canal Sealer, NeoSEALER Flo, EndoSequence BC, and Super-Bond RC Sealer were 0.200, 0.300, 0.675, 0.850, and 0.900 apically, whereas 1.675, 2.075, 4.800, 6.500, and 4.125 coronally. Pairwise comparisons showed significant apical differences between AH Plus/Super-Bond RC Sealer (P = 0.047) and significant coronal differences between AH Plus/NeoSEALER Flo (P = 0.001), AH Plus/EndoSequence BC (P < 0.01), AH Plus/Super-Bond RC Sealer (P < 0.01), Pulp Canal Sealer/NeoSEALER Flo (P = 0.010), Pulp Canal Sealer/EndoSequence BC (P < 0.01), and Pulp Canal Sealer/Super-Bond RC Sealer (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Coronal leakage was worse than apical leakage for all sealers. AH Plus exhibited the least leakage apically and coronally; Super-Bond RC Sealer showed the most leakage apically, and EndoSequence BC showed the most leakage coronally.