Brachineura Rondani 1840
Creators: name: Fedotova, Z. A.
name: Perkovsky, E. E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Cecidomyiidae
Brachineura

description: <i>Brachineura</i> Rondani, 1840 T y p e s p e c i e s: <i>Brachineura fuscogrisea</i> Rondani, 1840: 17 (monotypy). D i a g n o s i s (fig. 2, <i>1 –11</i>; 7, <i>4, 5</i>). Body and appendages are covered by very dense dark scales (flagellomeres and tarsi particularly so). Antennae 2+10-segmented: male flagellomeres subcylindrical with short neck; female ones cylindrical, rarely with swollen peritremae. Length of flagellomeres increases toward apex. Claws with denticle, empodium is developed. Palpi 1–3-segmented. Vein R 1+2 joins C before middle of wing, R 4+5 straight or curved, join C very far before wing apex; Cu simple, almost invisible distally. Cerci of male genitalia often cordiform, with very deep triangular excision. Hypoproct is almost as long as cerci and gonocoxites, deep excavated, with oval or semiround excision. Basal outgrouths of gonocoxites undeveloped. Ovipositor is not protrusible, with two dorsal lobes and one ventral. &amp;Rcy;&amp;icy;&amp;scy;. 2. <i>Brachineura polessica</i>, &amp;scy;&amp;acy;&amp;mcy;&amp;kcy;&amp;acy;, &amp;gcy;&amp;ocy;&amp;lcy;&amp;ocy;&amp;tcy;&amp;icy;&amp;pcy; (&amp;icy;&amp;ncy;&amp;vcy;. &amp;ncy;&amp;ocy;&amp;mcy;&amp;iecy;&amp;rcy; K–1236 &amp;kcy;&amp;ocy;&amp;lcy;&amp;lcy;&amp;iecy;&amp;kcy;&amp;tscy;&amp;icy;&amp;icy; &amp;Icy;&amp;ncy;&amp;scy;&amp;tcy;&amp;icy;&amp;tcy;&amp;ucy;&amp;tcy;&amp;acy; &amp;zcy;&amp;ocy;&amp;ocy;&amp;lcy;&amp;ocy;&amp;gcy;&amp;icy;&amp;icy; &amp;Ncy;&amp;Acy;&amp;Ncy; &amp;Ucy;&amp;kcy;&amp;rcy;&amp;acy;&amp;icy;&amp;ncy;&amp;ycy;): <i>1 —</i> &amp;ocy;&amp;bcy;&amp;shchcy;&amp;icy;&amp;jcy; &amp;vcy;&amp;icy;&amp;dcy;; <i>2</i> — &amp;scy;&amp;kcy;&amp;acy;&amp;pcy;&amp;ucy;&amp;scy;, &amp;pcy;&amp;iecy;&amp;dcy;&amp;icy;&amp;tscy;&amp;iecy;&amp;lcy;&amp;lcy;, 1-&amp;jcy; &amp;icy; 2-&amp;jcy; &amp;chcy;&amp;lcy;&amp;iecy;&amp;ncy;&amp;icy;&amp;kcy;&amp;icy; &amp;zhcy;&amp;gcy;&amp;ucy;&amp;tcy;&amp;icy;&amp;kcy;&amp;acy;; <i>3 —</i> 9–10-&amp;jcy; &amp;chcy;&amp;lcy;&amp;iecy;&amp;ncy;&amp;icy;&amp;kcy;&amp;icy; &amp;zhcy;&amp;gcy;&amp;ucy;&amp;tcy;&amp;icy;&amp;kcy;&amp;acy;; <i>4</i> — 6–7-&amp;jcy; &amp;chcy;&amp;lcy;&amp;iecy;&amp;ncy;&amp;icy;&amp;kcy;&amp;icy; &amp;zhcy;&amp;gcy;&amp;ucy;&amp;tcy;&amp;icy;&amp;kcy;&amp;acy;; <i>5 —</i> 3–5-&amp;jcy; &amp;chcy;&amp;lcy;&amp;iecy;&amp;ncy;&amp;icy;&amp;kcy;&amp;icy; &amp;zhcy;&amp;gcy;&amp;ucy;&amp;tcy;&amp;icy;&amp;kcy;&amp;acy;; <i>6 —</i> &amp;shchcy;&amp;ucy;&amp;pcy;&amp;icy;&amp;kcy;; 7 — 3–5-&amp;jcy; &amp;chcy;&amp;lcy;&amp;iecy;&amp;ncy;&amp;icy;&amp;kcy;&amp;icy; &amp;scy;&amp;rcy;&amp;iecy;&amp;dcy;&amp;ncy;&amp;iecy;&amp;jcy; &amp;lcy;&amp;acy;&amp;pcy;&amp;kcy;&amp;icy;; <i>8</i> — 1–2-&amp;jcy; &amp;chcy;&amp;lcy;&amp;iecy;&amp;ncy;&amp;icy;&amp;kcy;&amp;icy; &amp;scy;&amp;rcy;&amp;iecy;&amp;dcy;&amp;ncy;&amp;iecy;&amp;jcy; &amp;lcy;&amp;acy;&amp;pcy;&amp;kcy;&amp;icy;; <i>9</i> — 1-&amp;jcy; &amp;chcy;&amp;lcy;&amp;iecy;&amp;ncy;&amp;icy;&amp;kcy; &amp;scy;&amp;rcy;&amp;iecy;&amp;dcy;&amp;ncy;&amp;iecy;&amp;jcy; &amp;lcy;&amp;acy;&amp;pcy;&amp;kcy;&amp;icy;; <i>10</i> — 5-&amp;jcy; &amp;chcy;&amp;lcy;&amp;iecy;&amp;ncy;&amp;icy;&amp;kcy; &amp;scy;&amp;rcy;&amp;iecy;&amp;dcy;&amp;ncy;&amp;iecy;&amp;jcy; &amp;lcy;&amp;acy;&amp;pcy;&amp;kcy;&amp;icy;; <i>11</i> — &amp;yacy;&amp;jcy;&amp;tscy;&amp;iecy;&amp;kcy;&amp;lcy;&amp;acy;&amp;dcy; &amp;scy;&amp;bcy;&amp;ocy;&amp;kcy;&amp;ucy;. &amp;Mcy;&amp;acy;&amp;scy;&amp;shcy;&amp;tcy;&amp;acy;&amp;bcy;&amp;ncy;&amp;ycy;&amp;iecy; &amp;lcy;&amp;icy;&amp;ncy;&amp;iecy;&amp;jcy;&amp;kcy;&amp;icy; 0.1 mm. S p e c i e s i n c l u d e d. Cosmopolitan genus, includes 3 subgenera and 23 species, 19 of them Palaearctic ones (Mamaev, 1967, 1994; Fedotova, 2004; Fedotova, Sidorenko, 2006 a; Gagné, 2004, 2010), 13 species are recorded from Russian Far East, 2 subgenera and 12 species were recently described (Fedotova, 2004; Fedotova, Sidorenko, 2006 a). Rovno amber species is the first extinct representative of the genus. B i o l o g y. Larvae are associated with fungi and decaying leaves, small knots and bark fragments, other vegetable matter and fungi (Mamaev, Krivosheina, 1965; Gagné, Solinas, 1996). Known, that <i>Brachineura fungicola</i> (Mamaev, 1967) were reared from mycelium on thin alder snags and dead fruit bodies of <i>Polyporus sulphureus</i> (Mamaev, Krivosheina, 1965). <i>Brachineura squamigera</i> (Winnerts, 1853) was reared from mushrooms belonging to genera <i>Russula</i> and <i>Rhizopogon</i> (Bayram, Skuhravá, 2004).
description: Published as part of <i>Fedotova, Z. A. &amp; Perkovsky, E. E., 2014, New Gall Midges (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae, Brachineurini, Ledomyiini) From The Late Eocene Rovno Amber, pp. 35-50 in Vestnik Zoologii 48 (1)</i> on pages 38-39, DOI: 10.2478/vzoo-2014-0004, http://zenodo.org/record/6452791
description: {"references": ["Rondani, C. Sopra alcuni nuovi generi di insetti ditteri // Memoria seconda per servire alla ditterologia italiana. - Parma, 1840. - P. 1 - 27, Pl. 1.", "Mamaev, B. M. Gall-midges of the USSR. 7. New species of non-gall-making gall midges of the tribe Oligotrophini (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) // Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie. - 1967. - 46. - P. 873 - 883. - Russian: \u041ca\u043caiv B. \u041c. Ga\u043b\u043bit\u044b \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420. 7. \u041dov\u044bi vid\u044b \u0441vobod\u043dozivu\u0449ik ga\u043b\u043bit iz t\u0440ib\u044b Oligotrophini (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae).", "Mamaev, B. M. A contribution to the gall midge fauna (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) of Kamchatka with descriptions of new species // Vestnik Zoologii. - 1994. - N 2. - P. 28 - 32. - Russian: \u041ca\u043caiv B. \u041c. \u041cati\u0440ia\u043b\u044b po \u0444au\u043di ga\u043b\u043bit Ka\u043ccatki (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) \u0441 opi\u0441a\u043dii\u043c \u043dov\u044bk vidov.", "Fedotova, Z. A., Sidorenko, V. S. New species of gall midges from the genus Brachineura Rondani, 1840 and new related genera (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae, Brachineurini) from the Russian Far East // International Journal of Dipterological Research. - 2006 a. - 17. - P. 77 - 97.", "Gagne, R. J. A catalog of the Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) of the world // Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Washington. - 2004. - 25. - P. 1 - 408.", "Gagne, R. J. Update for A catalog of the Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) of the world. - 2010. - http: // www. ars. usda. gov / SP 2 UserFiles / Place / 12754100 / Gagne _ 2010 _ World _ Catalog _ Cecidomyiidae. pdf", "Mamaev, B. M., Krivosheina, N. P. Larvae of gall midges (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae). Comparative morphology, Biology and keys. - Mos\u0441ow: Nauka, 1965. - 278 p. - Russian: \u041ca\u043caiv B. \u041c., K\u0440ivosii\u043da \u041d. P. \u041bici\u043dki ga\u043b\u043bit (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae). C\u0440av\u043diti\u043b\u044c\u043dai \u043co\u0440\u0444o\u043bogii, bio\u043bogii.", "Gagne, R. J., Solinas, M. The Rondani Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) // Insecta Mundi. - 1996. - 10, N 1 - 4. - P. 69 - 75.", "Bayram, S., Skuhrava, M. New records of Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) from Turkey // J. Entomol. Res. Soc. - 2004. - 6, N 3. - P. 9 - 13."]}