cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Global asteroseismic properties of solar-like oscillations observed by Kepler : A comparison of complementary analysis methods
Creators: name: Verner, G. A.
name: Elsworth, Y.
name: Chaplin, W. J.
name: Campante, T. L.
name: Corsaro, E.
name: Gaulme, P.
name: Hekker, S.
name: Huber, D.
name: Karoff, C.
name: Mathur, S.
name: Mosser, B.
name: Appourchaux, T.
name: Ballot, J.
name: Bedding, T. R.
name: Bonanno, A.
name: Broomhall, A-M.
name: García, R. A.
name: Handberg, R.
name: New, R.
name: Stello, D.
name: Régulo, C.
name: Roxburgh, I. W.
name: Salabert, D.
name: White, T. R.
name: Caldwell, D. A.
name: Christiansen, J. L.
name: Fanelli, M. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the asteroseismic analysis of 1948 F-, G- and K-type main-sequence and subgiant stars observed by the NASA {\em Kepler Mission}. We detect and characterise solar-like oscillations in 642 of these stars. This represents the largest cohort of main-sequence and subgiant solar-like oscillators observed to date. The photometric observations are analysed using the methods developed by nine independent research teams. The results are combined to validate the determined global asteroseismic parameters and calculate the relative precision by which the parameters can be obtained. We correlate the relative number of detected solar-like oscillators with stellar parameters from the {\em Kepler Input Catalog} and find a deficiency for stars with effective temperatures in the range $5300 \lesssim T_\mathrm{eff} \lesssim 5700$\,K and a drop-off in detected oscillations in stars approaching the red edge of the classical instability strip. We compare the power-law relationships between the frequency of peak power, $ν_\mathrm{max}$, the mean large frequency separation, $Δν$, and the maximum mode amplitude, $A_\mathrm{max}$, and show that there are significant method-dependent differences in the results obtained. This illustrates the need for multiple complementary analysis methods to be used to assess the robustness and reproducibility of results derived from global asteroseismic parameters.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Exciton-Plasmon Interactions in Individual Carbon Nanotubes
Creators: name: Bondarev, I. V.
name: Woods, L. M.
name: Popescu, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the macroscopic quantum electrodynamics approach suitable for absorbing and dispersing media to study the properties and role of collective surface excitations --- excitons and plasmons --- in single-wall and double-wall carbon nanotubes. We show that the interactions of excitonic states with surface electromagnetic modes in individual small-diameter (
description: 60 pages, 14 figures; to appear in "Plasmons: Theory and Applications", ed. K.N.Helsey (Nova Publishers, NY, USA)
Stochastic backgrounds of gravitational waves from extragalactic sources
Creators: name: Schneider, Raffaella
name: Marassi, Stefania
name: Ferrari, Valeria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Astrophysical sources emit gravitational waves in a large variety of processes occurred since the beginning of star and galaxy formation. These waves permeate our high redshift Universe, and form a background which is the result of the superposition of different components, each associated to a specific astrophysical process. Each component has different spectral properties and features that it is important to investigate in view of a possible, future detection. In this contribution, we will review recent theoretical predictions for backgrounds produced by extragalactic sources and discuss their detectability with current and future gravitational wave observatories.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures, proceedings of the GWDAW 10 Conference, submitted to Class. & Quantum Grav
Advantages of human umbilical vein scaffolds derived from cesarean section vs. vaginal delivery for vascular tissue engineering.
Creators: name: Hoenicka, Markus
name: Jacobs, Volker R.
name: Huber, Georgine
name: Schmid, Franz-Xaver
name: Birnbaum, Dietrich E.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Adult
subject: Cesarean Section
subject: Epoprostenol/metabolism
subject: Female
subject: Histamine/pharmacology
subject: Humans
subject: Ischemia/physiopathology
subject: Male
subject: Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
subject: Natural Childbirth
subject: Platelet Adhesiveness
subject: Potassium Chloride/pharmacology
subject: Pregnancy
subject: Serotonin/pharmacology
subject: Tetrazolium Salts/metabolism
subject: Tissue Engineering/methods
subject: Tissue Scaffolds
subject: Umbilical Veins/ultrastructure
subject: Vasoconstriction/physiology
subject: Vasodilation/physiology

description: The current study investigated whether the mode of delivery and the mode of sample collection affect the functional properties of umbilical veins as scaffolds for vascular tissue engineering purposes. Human umbilical vein (HUV) from planned cesarean-sections (PCS) showed a 1.7-fold higher maximum contraction with potassium chloride compared to spontaneous vaginal deliveries (VDs, p=0.029). The maximum contractions with histamine were 2.0- and 2.9-fold higher in the PCS and emergency c-section (ECS) groups, respectively, compared to the VD group (p=0.003). The dose-response curves of serotonin were shifted to the right approx. 6- and 5-fold in the VD group compared to PCS and ECS, respectively (p=0.009). There were no differences between the birth groups in terms of tetrazolium dye reduction, platelet adhesion, and the structural integrity. The release of the antithrombotic compound prostacyclin from vessels of the PCS and ECS groups was 6.6- and 3.5-fold higher, respectively, than in the VD group (p<0.001). There was no correlation between the duration of ischemia and any of the functional parameters. This study provides evidence that vessels obtained from PCS are to be preferred for tissue engineering purposes, as they can be harvested in a sterile fashion and show superior vasoconstrictor responses and antithrombotic properties. The data also support a once-per-day pickup schedule for umbilical cords without a deterioration of the functional properties.
Nonlinear smectic elasticity of a helical state in cholesterics and helimagnets
Creators: name: Radzihovsky, Leo
name: Lubensky, T. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: General symmetry arguments, dating back to de Gennes dictate that at scales longer than the pitch, the low-energy elasticity of a chiral nematic liquid crystal (cholesteric) and of a Dzyaloshinskii-Morya (DM) spiral state in a helimagnet with negligible crystal symmetry fields (e.g., MnSi, FeGe) is identical to that of a smectic liquid crystal, thereby inheriting its rich phenomenology. Starting with a chiral Frank free-energy (exchange and DM interactions of a helimagnet) we present a transparent derivation of the fully nonlinear Goldstone mode elasticity, which involves an analog of the Anderson-Higgs mechanism that locks the spiral orthonormal (director/magnetic moment) frame to the cholesteric (helical) layers. This shows explicitly the reduction of three orientational modes of a cholesteric down to a single phonon Goldstone mode that emerges on scales longer than the pitch. At a harmonic level our result reduces to that derived many years ago by Lubensky and collaborators.
description: 4 pages
Optical polarimetry of the blazar CGRaBS~ J0211+1051 from MIRO
Creators: name: Chandra, Sunil
name: Baliyan, Kiran S
name: Ganesh, Shashikiran
name: Joshi, Umesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the detection of high polarization in the first detailed optical linear polarization measurements on the BL Lac object CGRaBS J0211+1051, which flared in $γ$-rays on 2011 January 23 as reported by Fermi. The observations were made during 2011 January 30 - February 3 using photo-polarimeter mounted at the 1.2m telescope of Mt Abu InfraRed Observatory(MIRO). The CGRaBS J0211+1051 was detected to have $\sim21.05\pm 0.41%$ degree of polarization (DP) with steady position angle (PA) at 43$^\circ$ on 2011 January 30. During Jan 31 and Feb 1, while polarization shows some variation, position angle remains steady for the night. Several olarization flashes occurred during February 2 and 3 resulting in changes in the DP by more than 4% at short time scales ($\sim$ 17 to 45 mins). A mild increase in the linear polarization with frequency is noticed during the nights of February 2 & 3. The source exhibited significant inter-night variations in the degree of polarization (changed by about 2 to 9%) and position angle (changed by 2 to 22$^\circ$) during the five nights of observations. The intra-night activity shown by the source appears to be related to turbulence in the relativistic jet. Sudden change in the PA accompanied by a rise in the DP could be indicative of the fresh injection of electrons in the jet. The detection of high and variable degree of polarization categorizes the source as low energy peaked blazar.
description: 14-pages including 3-figures
EXPLORING DISRUPTIVE INNOVATION AS A RESEARCH DOMAIN: A SCIENTOMETRIC EXAMINATION
Creators: name: VIVEK PAULOSE
name: Dr. I. JOSEPHRAJ
name: Dr. JACOB P.M
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Disruptive Innovation, Scientometric Analysis, Bibliometric Analysis, Topic Mapping, Co-Citation.

description: Abstract
Disruptive innovation constitutes a transformative process that reshapes entire industries through groundbreaking advancements. Notably, within emerging enterprises, market disruption has evolved into a growth catalyst for technology and its diverse applications. While scholarly interest in theoretical and empirical studies concerning this realm persists, scant attention has been directed towards comprehending its underlying structural dimensions. This article endeavours to delve into the pivotal research themes of disruptive innovation spanning the period from 1992 to 2023. Employing bibliometric data sourced from 4212 articles within Clarivate Analytics (Web of Science) through the keyword "Disruptive Innovation," our analysis delves into the landscape. Our research employs a range of Scientometric analytical tools, encompassing topic mapping, overlay visualization, keyword co-occurrence, and journal co-citation. Through these methods, our study discerns emerging trends and the dynamic terrain of disruptive innovation. By doing so, this paper plays a pivotal role in not only identifying prevailing trajectories but also illuminating the transformative potential of disruptive innovation. In essence, it guides forthcoming scholars in envisioning the key areas for future exploration within the realm of disruptive innovation.
Green building construction practices : review of environmental management from the contractor perspective in the Canadian industry
Creators: name: Saleh De La Garza, Samara Yassim
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Green building is a practice applied to the whole life cycle of a building, which means its environmental performance is not only defined by design, but also by the management processes in the construction, operation, and maintenance of a building. Over the past 10 years, research in green buildings has been increasing, mostly focusing on the design and energy efficiency. Contractors now represent a critical role in sustainability, but they have received less support and attention than the design community. This thesis aims to conduct research in environmental sustainability by focusing on three main areas: environmental practices, project management, and organizational perspective. While contractors in Canada are focusing on the implementation of green practices mainly established by LEED; a main problem is that the concept of "green" remains unclear and ambiguous in construction practices. This research started with the identification of green building construction practices categories applicable to contractors by reviewing and comparing green building standards and literature review. Next, this research considered the management perspective by conducting semi-structured interviews in four construction organizations in order to document how LEED is integrated into project management and what issues companies are facing in the implementation of green construction practices. In addition, this thesis identified best practices in how these companies are supporting the reduction of environmental impacts during the construction phase. Overall, this thesis collected several green categories that can serve as a guidance for Canadian contractors to develop specific practices within these categories and advance their environmental sustainability, along with four case studies to document LEED construction management and an overview of the organizational tools used by companies for their environmental management.
Intrinsic electron-glassiness in strongly-localized Be films
Creators: name: Ovadyahu, Z.
name: Xiong, X. M.
name: Adams, P. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of out--of-equilibrium transport measurements made on strongly-localized Beryllium films and demonstrate that these films exhibit all the earmarks of intrinsic electron-glasses. These include slow (logarithmic) relaxation, memory effects, and more importantly, the observation of a memory dip that has a characteristic width compatible with the carrier-concentration of beryllium. The latter is an empirical signature of the electron-glass. Comparing various non-equilibrium attributes of the beryllium films with other systems that exhibit intrinsic electron-glasses behavior reveals that high carrier-concentration is their only common feature rather than the specifics of the disorder that rendered them insulating. It is suggested that this should be taken as an important hint for any theory that attempts to account for the surprisingly slow relaxation times observed in these systems.
description: Phys.Rev. B 82, 195404 (2010)
On the Possibility of Credit Rationing in the Stiglitz-Weiss Model
Creators: name: Arnold, Lutz G.
name: Riley, John G.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Kreditrestriktion , Asymmetrische Information, , credit rationing , asymmetric information
subject: 330 Wirtschaft
subject: G21
subject: E51
subject: D82

description: Contrary to what is consistently assumed in the literature, the return function cannot be hump-shaped in the Stiglitz-Weiss (1981) model. This has important consequences for the possible occurrence of credit rationing and redlining. With a single class of borrowers, banks offer credit in two stages. Demand possibly exceeds supply in stage one, but not in stage two. With several observationally distinguishable borrower classes, the firms in a borrower class are redlined only under circumstances which imply that they would not get credit in a perfect capital market either. Die Rendite-Funktion kann im Stiglitz-Weiss- (1981) Modell nicht - so wie das in der Literatur durchgängig angenommen wird - hügelförmig sein. Das hat wichtige Implikationen für die Möglichkeit von Kreditrationierung einerseits und für die Möglichkeit des Ausschlusses ganzer Kreditnehmergruppen vom Kapitalmarkt andererseits. Mit nur einer Klasse von Kreditnehmern erfolgt die Kreditvergabe in zwei Stufen. Während auf der ersten Stufe eine Übernachfrage vorliegen kann, herrscht auf der zweiten Stufe Markträumung. Bei mehreren unterscheidbaren Kreditnehmerklassen wird eine Klasse nur unter den Bedingungen vom Kreditmarkt ausgeschlossen, bei deren Vorliegen sie auch in einem vollkommenen Kreditmarkt keinen Kredit erhalten würde.
Study of an MoS₂ phototransistor using a compact numerical method enabling detailed analysis of 2D material phototransistors
Creators: name: Islam, Raonaqul
name: Anjum, Ishraq Md
name: Menyuk, Curtis
name: Simsek, Ergun
Publisher: name: Nature
Year: 2024
Subjects: Other photonics
UMBC Computational Photonics Laboratory
UMBC Optical Fiber Communications Laboratory
Electrical and electronic engineering

description: Research on two-dimensional material-based phototransistors has recently become a topic of great interest. However, the high number of design features, which impact the performance of these devices, and the multi-physical nature of the device operation make the accurate analysis of these devices a challenge. Here, we present a simple yet effective numerical framework to overcome this challenge. The one-dimensional framework is constructed on the drift-diffusion equations, Poisson’s equation, and wave propagation in multi-layered medium formalism. We apply this framework to study phototransistors made from monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) placed on top of a back-gated silicon-oxide-coated silicon substrate. Numerical results, which show good agreement with the experimental results found in the literature, emphasize the necessity of including the inhomogeneous background for accurately calculating device metrics such as quantum efficiency and bandwidth. For the first time in literature, we calculate the phase noise of these phototransistors, which is a crucial performance metric for many applications where precise timing and synchronization are critical. We determine that applying a low drain-to-source voltage is the key requirement for low phase noise.
Supersymmetry in Random Matrix Theory
Creators: name: Guhr, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supersymmetry is nowadays indispensable for many problems in Random Matrix Theory. It is presented here with an emphasis on conceptual and structural issues. An introduction to supermathematics is given. The Hubbard-Stratonovich transformation as well as its generalization and superbosonization are explained. The supersymmetric non-linear sigma model, Brownian motion in superspace and the color-flavor transformation are discussed.
description: 21 pages, invited contribution to the Oxford Handbook of Random Matrix Theory
Anything is Possible: On the Existence and Uniqueness of Equilibria in the Shleifer-Vishny Model of Limits of Arbitrage
Creators: name: Arnold, Lutz G.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Anlageverhalten , Arbitrage, Behavioral Finance , Grenzen der Arbitrage , Existenz eines Gleichgewichts , Sonnenflecken, behavioral finance , limits of arbitrage , existence of an equilibrium , sunspots
subject: 330 Wirtschaft

description: This paper gives a complete characterization of the equilibria in Shleifer and Vishny's (1997) model of "Limits of Arbitrage". We show that expected wealth (the arbitrageurs' objective function) is a possibly non-concave function of investment and that the relation between investment and prices is not necessarily continuous or single-valued or well-defined. As a result, "anything is possible": non-existence or multiplicity of equilibria may arise, and sunspots may govern the equilibrium selection in the latter case. Es wird eine vollständige Charakterisierung möglicher Gleichgewichte im Shleifer-Vishny-Modell zu Grenzen der Arbitrage vorgenommen. Zunächst wird gezeigt, dass die Zielfunktion der Arbitrageure - ihr erwartetes Vermögen - eine nicht-konkave Funktion ihrer Investitionen ist und dass die Abbildung, die die aggregierten Investitionen und die Vermögenspreise in Beziehung zueinander setzt, möglicherweise unstetig, mehrwertig oder gar nicht wohldefiniert ist. Als Konsequenz hieraus "ist alles möglich": Nicht-Existenz eines Gleichgewichts ebenso wie Multiplizität. Im zweiten Fall können Sonnenflecken die Gleichgewichtsauswahl bestimmen.
Tetranuclear Phosphinidine, Phosphide, Arsenide, and Oxide Anionic Clusters of Molybdenum and Tungsten Supported by Neopentoxide Ligands: Na(18-crown-6)[M4(μ3-PSiMe3)(OCH2tBu)11], K(18-crown-6)[M4(μ3-E)(OCH2tBu)10] (E = P, As), K(18-crown-6)2[Mo4(μ3-O)(OCH2tBu)11]
Creators: name: Budzichowski, Theodore A.
name: Chisholm, Malcolm H.
name: Folting, Kirsten
name: Streib, William E.
name: Scheer, Manfred
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie

description: From the reactions between M2(OCH2tBu)6 (2 equiv) and NaP(SiMe3)2 (1 equiv) in benzene and 18-crown-6 the phosphinidine clusters [M4(μ3-PSiMe3)(OCH2tBu)11]-, compounds 1 (M = Mo) and 2 (M = W) are formed and are reactive intermediates in the formation of [M4(μ3-P)(OCH2tBu)10]- cluster anions, compounds 3 (M = Mo) and 4 (M = W), respectively, which have been isolated and characterized as their Na(18-crown-6)+ salts. Crystals of Na(18-crown-6)+[Mo4(μ3-P)(OCH2tBu)10]-·C6H6 were examined by single crystal X-ray crystallography at −110 °C in the space group Pn with a = 13.000(2) Å, b = 17.501(3) Å, c = 18.703(2) Å, and β = 93.11(1)° with Z = 2 and at −173 °C in the space group Cc with a = 22.118(4) Å, b = 17.480(3) Å, c = 23.250(4) Å, and β = 110.82(1)° with Z = 4. At the lower temperature, there is higher symmetry and no disorder of the 18-crown-6 molecule. The cluster anion has a Mo4 butterfly with a μ3-P ligand and virtual mirror symmetry. One wing-tip Mo atom is five-coordinate and bonded to the μ3-P atom and shows longer Mo-to-Mo distances (2.68(1) and 2.71(1) Å) relative to its counterpart (2.48(1) and 2.50(1) Å); the backbone Mo−Mo distance is 2.53(1) Å. The cluster anion in 3 but not 4 is also accessible from the reaction between Mo2(OCH2tBu)6 (2 equiv), PH3, and KOCH2tBu (1 equiv) in THF/18-crown-6 (THF = tetrahydrofuran). A similar approach involving AsH3, Mo2(OCH2tBu)6, and KOCH2tBu gave the μ3-arsenide cluster complex K(18-crown-6)+[Mo4(μ3-As)(OCH2tBu)10]-, compound 5, which by NMR spectroscopy is analogous in structure to 3. The reaction between Mo2(OCH2tBu)6 (2 equiv) and KOH in THF/18-crown-6 gave K(18-crown-6)2+[Mo4(μ3-O)(OCH2tBu)11]-, compound 6, which is proposed to be isostructural with the phosphinidine complexes 1 and 2 on the basis of NMR data. Crystal data for K(η6-C12H24O6)(η2-C12H24O6)+[Mo4(μ3-O)(OCH2tBu)11]- at −165 °C: a = 17.595(2) Å, b = 28.044(3) Å, c = 20.443(2) Å, β = 97.61(1)° with Z = 4, and space group P21/n. The cluster anion in 6 contains a 12-electron Mo4 butterfly with 12 M−M bonding electrons, as in 3, but the shortest Mo−Mo distance 2.42(1) Å involves the backbone metal atoms. The Mo−Mo distances involving the oxo-capped triangle (2.61(1) and 2.62(1) Å) are notably longer than those in the other triangle (2.48(1) Å).
Substrate optimization with the adjoint method and layered medium Green’s functions
Creators: name: Simsek, Ergun
name: Islam, Raonaqul
name: Oishe, Sumya H.
name: Menyuk, Curtis
Publisher: name: Optica
Year: 2024
Subjects: Thin films
UMBC Computational Photonics Laboratory
Field enhancement
Inverse design
Material properties
Light transmission
Photonic devices
UMBC Optical Fiber Communications Laboratory

description: In recent years, the photonics community has shown increasing interest in the inverse design of photonic components and devices using the adjoint method (AM) due to its efficient gradient computation and suitability for large parameter and continuous design spaces. This work focuses on substrate optimization to maximize light transmission or field enhancement at specific locations using layered medium Green’s functions (LMGFs). We first provide a numerical formulation for calculating two-dimensional (2D) LMGFs, leveraging their efficiency for fixed sources and observation points parallel to layer interfaces. We then present a step-by-step implementation of the AM for substrate optimization using LMGFs. Through numerical studies, we verify the field enhancement achieved with AM-designed substrates using a frequency-domain solver. We compare the results of AM with particle swarm optimization (PSO) for two optimization problems, demonstrating that AM not only generates realistic designs with smooth permittivity profiles but also achieves inverse design more efficiently than PSO. The AM designs are easier to fabricate and require significantly less computational effort due to the efficient gradient computation inherent in the method. This study underscores the advantages of AM in designing photonic devices with continuous parameter spaces.
Can We Leverage Text Analysis to Inform Policy Priorities Through a Community Engagement Grid?
Creators: name: Diana, Tony
Publisher: name: Sage
Year: 2024

description: The implementation of new performance-based navigation procedures at an East Coast airport in 2016 required the airport authority to step up its engagement with airport community residents. This case study leverages natural language processing to explain changes in the sentiments of airport community residents from 2015 to 2021. Natural language processing algorithms made it possible to create a community engagement grid that highlights issues identified in digital prints and social media and allows decision-makers to prioritize them based on awareness and urgency.
Where Dust Comes From: Global Assessment of Dust Source Attributions With AeroCom Models
Creators: name: Kim, Dongchul
name: Chin, Mian
name: Schuster, Greg
name: Yu, Hongbin
name: Takemura, Toshihiko
name: Tuccella, Paolo
name: Ginoux, Paul
name: Liu, Xiaohong
name: Shi, Yang
name: Matsui, Hitoshi
name: Tsigaridis, Kostas
name: Bauer, Susanne E.
name: Kok, Jasper F.
name: Schulz, Michael
Publisher: name: AGU
Year: 2024
Subjects: mineral dust
AeroCom
source attribution

description: The source of dust in the global atmosphere is an important factor to better understand the role of dust aerosols in the climate system. However, it is a difficult task to attribute the airborne dust over the remote land and ocean regions to their origins since dust from various sources are mixed during long-range transport. Recently, a multi-model experiment, namely the AeroCom-III Dust Source Attribution (DUSA), has been conducted to estimate the relative contribution of dust in various locations from different sources with tagged simulations from seven participating global models. The BASE run and a series of runs with nine tagged regions were made to estimate the contribution of dust emitted in East- and West-Africa, Middle East, Central- and East-Asia, North America, the Southern Hemisphere, and the prominent dust hot spots of the Bodélé and Taklimakan Deserts. The models generally agree in large scale mean dust distributions, however models show large diversity in dust source attribution. The inter-model differences are significant with the global model dust diversity in 30%–50%, but the differences in regional and seasonal scales are even larger. The multi-model analysis estimates that North Africa contributes 60% of global atmospheric dust loading, followed by Middle East and Central Asia sources (24%). Southern hemispheric sources account for 10% of global dust loading, however it contributes more than 70% of dust over the Southern Hemisphere. The study provides quantitative estimates of the impact of dust emitted from different source regions on the globe and various receptor regions including remote land, ocean, and the polar regions synthesized from the seven models.
First Kepler results on compact pulsators V: Slowly pulsating subdwarf B stars in short-period binaries
Creators: name: Kawaler, S. D.
name: Reed, M. D.
name: Østensen, R. H.
name: Bloemen, S.
name: Kurtz, D. W.
name: Quint, A. C.
name: Silvotti, R.
name: Baran, A. S.
name: Green, E. M.
name: Charpinet, S.
name: Telting, J.
name: Aerts, C.
name: Handler, G.
name: Kjeldsen, H.
name: Christensen-Dalsgaard, J.
name: Borucki, W. J.
name: Koch, D. G.
name: Robinson, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The survey phase of the Kepler Mission includes a number of hot subdwarf B (sdB) stars to search for nonradial pulsations. We present our analysis of two sdB stars that are found to be g-mode pulsators of the V1093 Her class. These two stars also display the distinct irradiation effect typical of sdB stars with a close M-dwarf companion with orbital periods of less than half a day. Because the orbital period is so short, the stars should be in synchronous rotation, and if so, the rotation period should imprint itself on the multiplet structure of the pulsations. However, we do not find clear evidence for such rotational splitting. Though the stars do show some frequency spacings that are consistent with synchronous rotation, they also display multiplets with splittings that are much smaller. Longer-duration time series photometry will be needed to determine if those small splittings are in fact rotational splitting, or caused by slow amplitude or phase modulation. Further data should also improve the signal-to-noise, perhaps revealing lower amplitude periodicities that could confirm the expectation of synchronous rotation. The pulsation periods seen in these stars show period spacings that are suggestive of high-overtone g-mode pulsations.
description: accepted for publication in MNRAS, 9 pages, 3 figures, 6 tables
The reaction of P4 with [Cp′Mo(CO)3]2 (Cp′ = η5-C5H4tBu)—the structure of [Cp′Mo(CO)2]
Creators: name: Scheer, Manfred
name: Becker, Uta
name: Magull, Jörg
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Pn-ligands; molybdenum complexes; bent cyclo-P4-ligand; Mo2P2-tetrahedral complex; phosphido complex intermediate
subject: 540 Chemie

description: The photochemical reaction of [Cp′Mo(CO)3]2 (Cp′ = η5-C5H4tBu) with white phosphorus in the presence of [Cr(CO)5thf] leads to the Pn ligand complexes [Cr(CO)4 ;] (1), [Cp′Mo(CO)2] (2) and [{Cp′Mo(CO)2}2] (3). The products were characterized by NMR, IR and partially by X-ray structure analysis. The reaction proceeds via a P---P bond cleavage leading to the bent cyclo-P4 complex [Cp′Mo(CO)2] (2a), which hydrolysis during the chromatographic work-up to give the more stable compound 2. Furthermore, a P3/P1 fragmentation of 2a occurs to form the phosphido complex intermediate [CP′CO)2Mo---P → Cr(CO)5]. The latter dimerises resulting in the formation of the tetrahedral compound 3, containing a Mo2P2 moiety.
Metal element triple bonds of the heavier group 15 elements
Creators: name: Scheer, Manfred
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Pnicogenido complexes; Metal—group 15 element triple bonds; Phosphinidene complexes; PS/PO ligand complexes
subject: 540 Chemie

description: Complexes with terminal pnictinido ligands (except nitrogen) are a new class of compounds the first examples being phosphido2 ligands which were isolated and structurally characterized in 1995 by Cummins and Schrock. As long as 10 years ago, however, speculation on the existence of possible reaction intermediates containing M≡E species was given both with and without spectroscopic evidence. This article will summarize the past and current stages in this field and give the presently known properties and characteristics of such ligands.
School grades and educational attainments of adolescents and young adults born preterm
Creators: name: Alenius, Suvi
name: Kajantie, Eero
name: Sund, Reijo
name: Nurhonen, Markku
name: Haaramo, Peija
name: Näsänen-Gilmore, Pieta
name: Lemola, Sakari
name: Räikkönen, Katri
name: Schnitzlein, Daniel D.
name: Wolke, Dieter
name: Gissler, Mika
name: Hovi, Petteri
Publisher: name: [London] : Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: education
subject: educational status
subject: female
subject: Finland
subject: gestational age
subject: pregnancy
subject: prematurity
subject: school
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik

description: Attendance in special education (SE) is more common among individuals born preterm than among those born at term. Less is known about school grades of those born preterm in mainstream education (ME), and how these grades predict later educational attainment. This population-based register-linkage study assessed (1) attendance in SE, and then focused on those in ME by assessing (2) school grades at 16 year, (3) completed educational level at 25 year, and (4) school grades as predictors for completed education by gestational age (GA) with full-term birth (39–41 completed weeks) as reference. The sample comprised 223,744 individuals (10,521 preterm, 4.7%) born in Finland (1/1987–9/1990). Of the sample, 4.9% attended SE. Those born preterm had up to 5.5-fold rates for SE. In ME, those born extremely preterm (EPT) had marginally lower mathematics grades compared with full-term counterparts, whilst those born late preterm or early term had slightly higher grades. Those born EPT or very preterm had lower physical education grades in ME. However, the minor differences in school grades according to GA appear not to translate into educational differences in young adulthood. The associations between school grades at 16 year and completed education at 25 year did not vary by GA.
Natural oscillations of a rectangular plates with two adjacent edges clamped
Creators: name: Sukhoterin, Mikhail
name: Baryshnikov, Sergey
name: Knysh, Tatiana
name: Abdikarimov, Rustamkhan
Publisher: name: Санкт-Петербургский политехнический университет Петра Великого
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: civil and structural engineering
subject: building and construction
subject: rectangular plate
subject: accurate natural frequency
subject: resonance
subject: fourier series
subject: гражданское и промышленное строительство
subject: строительные конструкции
subject: прямоугольная плита
subject: спектр собственных частот
subject: резонанс
subject: ряды Фурье

description: We study the natural oscillations of a rectangular plate, two adjacent edges of which are clamped, and the other two are free (CCFF – plate), as an element of many building structures. The deflection function is chosen as a sum of two hyperbolic trigonometric series. Both series obey the main equation of free vibration. Meeting all boundary conditions of a problem leads to an infinite system of homogeneous linear algebraic equations with respect to eight series coefficients. This system is transformed in two subsystems due to four basic coefficients, for which the iterative solution process is organized. Initial values of a pair of basic coefficient series are chosen randomly. Frequency values are chosen so that iterations coincide starting with a certain number. This provides non-trivial solutions of the reduced system. For the first eight obtained natural frequencies there have been presented relevant 3D mode shapes. The paper provides accuracy analysis and its comparison with other familiar results.
Zonal-Mean N₂ and Ar Densities and Temperatures in Mars Thermosphere From MAVEN
Creators: name: Forbes, Jeffrey M.
name: Zhang, Xiaoli
name: Fang, Xiaohua
name: Benna, Mehdi
Publisher: name: AGU
Year: 2024
Subjects: Mars
seasonal-latitudinal
DZM
dissipation
thermosphere
migrating tides

description: Measurements of Ar and N₂ densities at 160–250 km altitude from the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (MAVEN) Neutral Gas and Ion Mass Spectrometer (NGIMS) during February 2015–February 2023 are analyzed to provide a comprehensive analysis of their diurnal- and zonal-mean (DZM) structures, and ZM (solar-synchronous) diurnal (DW1) and semidiurnal (SW2) tides. After applying a solar flux trend correction, multi-year binning and averaging with respect to longitude, local solar time (LST), latitude and Ls at each height results in the first full global picture of these components of the ZM thermosphere for a single climatological Mars year. The following new observational insights into Mars thermosphere are obtained: The DZM N₂ latitude versus Ls (latvsLs) structures contain a prominent latitudinally-symmetric annual component (~±25%–35%) due to the eccentricity of Mars orbit around the Sun, and an antisymmetric component (~±30%–45%) below about 190 km that is seasonally-symmetric and thus consistent with the tilt of Mars rotation axis. Aperiodic deviations from these symmetries increase with height and are tentatively attributed to dissipation of waves originating in the lower atmosphere. DW1 and SW2 maximize around 200–220 km altitude, suggesting existence of an unknown dissipation mechanism at higher altitudes. The DZM, DW1 and SW2 components of Ar generally exceed those of N₂ by factors of 1.4–2.5. The scale heights of Ar and N₂ between 205 and 245 km are also employed to derive DZM exosphere temperatures, which reflect aperiodic ~±15K deviations from the annual-mean in the latvsLs frame.
Reaction of Phosphaalkynes with [Ru4(CO)13(μ3-PPh)]: Synthesis of Unsymmetrically Capped Bisphosphinidene Complexes
Creators: name: Scheer, Manfred
name: Kramkowski, Peter
name: Krug, Joachim
name: Kramkowski, Peter
name: Corrigan, John F.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie

description: The 62-electron cluster [Ru4(CO)13(μ3-PPh)] (1) reacts with phosphalkynes RCP [(R = tBu, Ar‘ (2,4,6-tBu3C6H2)] to yield a series of unsymmetrically capped bisphosphinidene clusters characterized by a ketene substituted μ4-PR ligand. The reaction pathway was followed by 31P-NMR spectroscopy and reveals that, in the first step of the reaction, a CO substitution of 1 occurs in order to form an intermediate with a σ- or π-bonded phosphaalkyne. After scavenging of CO the chain compound [Ru4(CO)12(μ3-PPh)(μ3-PC(CO)R)] [R = tBu (2), Ar‘ (7)] is created. Further CO elimination leads to the closo-complexes [Ru4(CO)10(μ-CO)(μ4-PPh)(μ4-PC(CO)R)] [R = tBu (3), Ar‘ (4)]. Due to steric reasons the nido-cluster [Ru3(CO)9(μ3-PPh){μ3-PC(CO)tBu}] (5) is the final product in the reaction starting from Ar‘CP. The molecular structures of the complexes 2−5 are discussed.
Improving adherence to a daily PrEP regimen is key when considering long-time partnerships
Creators: name: Gutowska, S. J.
name: Hoffman, Kathleen
name: Gurski, K. F.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: 37N25
PrEP
reproduction number
HIV
elasticity
92C60
Markov chain
92-10

description: A population model of HIV that includes susceptible individuals not taking the pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), susceptible individuals taking daily PrEP, and infected individuals is developed for casual partnerships, as well as monogamous and non-monogamous long-term partnerships. Reflecting the reality of prescription availability and usage in the U.S., the PrEP taking susceptible population is a mix of individuals designated by the CDC as high and low risk for acquiring HIV. The rate of infection for non-monogamous long-term partnerships with differential susceptibility is challenging to calculate and requires Markov chain theory to represent the movement between susceptible populations before infection. The parameters associated with PrEP initiation, suspension and adherence impact both the reproduction number of the model and the elasticity indices of the reproduction model. A multi-parameter analysis reveals that increasing adherence has the largest effect on decreasing the number of new infections.
A sneak preview of proof theory of ordinals
Creators: name: Arai, Toshiyasu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03F03

description: This talk is a sneak preview of the project, 'proof theory for theories of ordinals'. Background, aims, survey and furture works on the project are given. Subsystems of second order arithmetic are embedded in recursively large ordinals and then the latter are analysed. We scarcely touch upon proof theoretical matters.
A Novel Synthetic Approach to Highly Reactive Intermediates Containing a Metal-Phosphorus Triple Bond
Creators: name: Scheer, Manfred
name: Leiner, Eva
name: Kramkowski, Peter
name: Schiffer, Michael
name: Baum, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: C-H activation; Cyclopentadienes; Intermediates; P ligands; Tungsten
subject: 540 Chemie

description: A new synthetic route providing access to the highly reactive intermediate [Cp*(CO)2WPW(CO)5] with a tungsten-phosphorus triple bond is presented (see scheme). The intermediate is formed by thermolysis of [Cp*P{W(CO)5}2] by Cp* migration from the phosphorus to give 5 coordination at the transition metal. Addition of other reactive molecules to solutions conatining the intermediate provides a simple approach to novel W/P-containing ligands.
Implementation of relevant fourth industrial revolution innovations across the supply chain of fruits and vegetables: A short update on Traceability 4.0
Creators: name: Hassoun, Abdo
name: Kamiloglu, Senem
name: Garcia-Garcia, Guillermo
name: Parra-López, Carlos
name: Trollman, Hana
name: Jagtap, Sandeep
name: Aadil, Rana Muhammad
name: Esatbeyoglu, Tuba
Publisher: name: New York, NY [u.a.] : Elsevier
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence
subject: Authenticity
subject: Big Data
subject: Blockchain
subject: Food fraud
subject: Food quality
subject: Industry 4.0
subject: Internet of Things
subject: Safety
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::660 | Technische Chemie

description: Food Traceability 4.0 refers to the application of fourth industrial revolution (or Industry 4.0) technologies to ensure food authenticity, safety, and high food quality. Growing interest in food traceability has led to the development of a wide range of chemical, biomolecular, isotopic, chromatographic, and spectroscopic methods with varied performance and success rates. This review will give an update on the application of Traceability 4.0 in the fruits and vegetables sector, focusing on relevant Industry 4.0 enablers, especially Artificial Intelligence, the Internet of Things, blockchain, and Big Data. The results show that the Traceability 4.0 has significant potential to improve quality and safety of many fruits and vegetables, enhance transparency, reduce the costs of food recalls, and decrease waste and loss. However, due to their high implementation costs and lack of adaptability to industrial environments, most of these advanced technologies have not yet gone beyond the laboratory scale. Therefore, further research is anticipated to overcome current limitations for large-scale applications.
Associated Press-NORC Center for Public Affairs Research Poll: Public Opinion on Energy Policy under the Trump Administration
Creators: name: The Energy Policy Institute At The University Of Chicago (EPIC)
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: Personal importance of various issues (6); President Donald Trump job performance (1); climate change is/is not happening (1); climate change is caused by human activities/natural changes in the environment (2); U.S. government should/should not be involved in addressing climate change (1); would vote for/against monthly electrical bill fee to combat climate change (6); favors/opposes direction of U.S. energy policy (1); building Keystone and Dakota Access Pipelines (1); repealing the Clean Power Plan (1); coal industry/solar industry employs more people (1); U.S. withdrawal from Paris Agreement (2); local governments addressing climate change (2); support/oppose hydraulic fracturing, "fracking" (5).
Large scale environmental bias of the QSO line of sight proximity effect
Creators: name: Partl, Adrian M.
name: Müller, Volker
name: Yepes, Gustavo
name: Gottlöber, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the proximity zone of the intergalactic matter around high-redshift quasars in a cosmological environment. In a box of 64 h-1 Mpc base length we employ dark matter only simulations. For estimating the hydrogen temperature and density distribution we use the effective equation of state. Hydrogen is assumed to be in photoionisation equilibrium with a model background flux which is fit to recent observations of the mean optical depth and transmission flux statistics. At redshifts z = 3, 4, and 4.8, we select model quasar positions at the centre of the 20 most massive halos and 100 less massive halos identified in the simulation. From each assumed quasar position we cast 100 random lines of sight for two box length including the changes in the ionisation fractions by the QSO flux field and derive mock Lyα spectra. The proximity effect describes the dependence of the mean normalised optical depth ξ = τeff, QSO/τeff, Lyα as a function of the ratio of the ionisation rate by the QSO and the background field, ω = ΓQSO/ΓUVB, i.e. the profile ξ = (1 + ω/a)-0.5, where a strength parameter a is introduced. The strength parameter measures the deviation from the theoretical background model and is used to quantify any influence of the environmental density field. We reproduce an unbiased measurement of the proximity effect which is not affected by the host halo mass. The scatter between different lines of sight and different quasar host positions increases with decreasing redshift. Around the host halos, we find only a slight average overdensity in the proximity zone at comoving radii of 1 < rc < 10h-1 Mpc. However, a clear power-law correlation of the strength parameter with the average overdensity in rc is found, showing an overestimation of the ionising background in overdense regions and an underestimation in underdense regions.
description: Accepted by Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 15 pages, 12 figures
Probing the stability of gravastars by dropping dust shells onto them
Creators: name: Gáspár, Merse E.
name: Rácz, István
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 83C57 Black holes, 85A99 Miscellaneous topics, 83C75 Space-time singularities, cosmic censorship, etc

description: As a preparation for the dynamical investigations, this paper begins with a short review of the three-layer gravastar model with distinguished attention to the structure of the pertinent parameter space of gravastars in equilibrium. Then the radial stability of these types of gravastars is studied by determining their response for the totally inelastic collision of their surface layer with a dust shell. It is assumed that the dominant energy condition holds and the speed of sound does not exceed that of the light in the matter of the surface layer. While in the analytic setup the equation of state is kept to be generic, in the numerical investigations three functionally distinct classes of equations of states are applied. In the corresponding particular cases the maximal mass of the dust shell that may fall onto a gravastar without converting it into a black hole is determined. For those configurations which remain stable the excursion of their radius is assigned. It is found that even the most compact gravastars cannot get beyond the lower limit of the size of conventional stars, provided that the dominant energy condition holds in both cases. It is also shown---independent of any assumption concerning the matter interbridging the internal de Sitter and the external Schwarzschild regions---that the better is a gravastar in mimicking a black hole the easier is to get the system formed by a dust shell and the gravastar beyond the event horizon of the composite system. In addition, a generic description of the totally inelastic collision of spherical shells in spherically symmetric spacetimes is also provided in the appendix.
description: 29 pages, 10 figures