cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Large-scale Document Understanding with Knowledge Graphs for Medical Applications
Creators: Costello, Jeremy
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2024

We introduce the background of the natural language processing field, outlining the benefits and drawbacks of rule-based versus statistical methods. We present knowledge graphs as a way to integrate the explainability of rule-based methods and the power of statistical methods, large language models in particular. The accuracy of natural language processing methods is paramount in sensitive fields such as

biomedicine. We aim to create a knowledge graph to help practitioners, caretakers, and patients affected by neurodevelopmental disorders.

We give a background of knowledge graphs, topic modeling, and reinforcement learning. We talk about what knowledge graphs are, the creation process, and natural language processing methods for extracting data from text to populate a knowledge graph. We give a short history of topic modeling, followed by an outline of latent dirichlet allocation, dynamic topic models, topic model evaluation, and recent advances in neural topic modeling. We explain what reinforcement learning is, and outline the different approaches to reinforcement learning.

We develop a pipeline for creating a knowledge graph on neurodevelopmental disorders. We scrape data from both professional academic sources and non-professional webpages, including finances and services for caretakers and patients affected by neurodevelopmental disorders. We take input from practitioners, caretakers, and patients during the knowledge graph creation process in order to generate a knowledge graph that is as useful as possible for non-professionals, in contrast to many existing medical knowledge graphs that only incorporate academic sources.

To improve the topic modeling aspect of our knowledge graph creation pipeline, we develop a new topic model using reinforcement learning. We make additional improvements to the topic model, including modernizing the neural network architecture, weighting the ELBO loss, and using contextual embeddings. Our unsupervised model outperforms all other unsupervised models and performs on par with or better than most models using supervised labeling. We conduct an ablation study to determine which changes to our model are the most important.

We look to directly extract triples from text using large language models. With the assistance of volunteers, we create two new data sets about FragileX syndrome: one for named-entity recognition and one for relation extraction. We compare a model trained on our FrageileX data set to a model trained on a less specific data set. We find strengths and weaknesses of both models. Our method is likely outdated due to the rapid pace of advancements in large language models.

We give a short concluding statement summarizing what we have done, and provide some brief thoughts on the future of natural language processing for biomedical applications.
Oral Histories and Alpine Archaeology in T’aaku Kwáan Territory
Creators: Louter, Ben L
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2024

This community-based research project demonstrates how the alpine landscapes of Lingit Aaní (northwest British Columbia and southeast Alaska) have been shaped by Lingít oral histories. Decades of ice patch archaeology in the southern Yukon have revealed a highly developed ice patch hunting tradition among Subarctic Indigenous people, yet other than opportunistic discoveries such as the Kwäday dän Ts’ínchį, (The Long Ago Person Found) there have been few systematic efforts made towards understanding Indigenous land use in alpine landscapes in adjacent northwestern British Columbia. This research project is an effort to map many of the cultural landscapes located in the alpine, in the traditional territory of the T'aaku Kwáan, now represented administratively by the Taku River Tlingit First Nation (TRTFN), based out of Atlin, B.C. Published oral histories from Lingít oral historians Jackie Williams (Yáx góos) and his mother, Elizabeth Nyman (Sédayá) of the Yanyeidí clan shape the interpretations of alpine land use presented in this thesis. There are many descriptive accounts of alpine land use in the oral histories of the T'aaku Kwáan, as well as detailed knowledge encoded in Lingít toponyms. This research project will examine the cultural role of alpine use areas, and will serve as an archaeological baseline in this region, which has been subject to scant research. This thesis will examine the above noted research to help determine the cultural role of alpine use areas within T'aaku Kwáan territory for the purpose of creating an archaeological and cultural heritage baseline from which future research can build.

This research study explores the history of T'aaku Kwáan territory (as defined by Elders and knowledge keepers) through an integrated approach that combines archaeological evidence, oral histories, and cultural toponyms. The investigation examines the alignment between these sources of knowledge and their implications for understanding the region's history. The findings highlight the dynamic nature of T'aaku Kwáan society and the durability of oral knowledge more broadly, and call into question the overall lack of engagement with oral histories in the vast majority of professional archaeology consulting in British Columbia, Canada. Drawing upon the oral traditions passed down by Taku River Tlingit elders and recorded by dedicated individuals, the research investigates the close correlation between oral histories, Lingít toponyms, and archaeological sites. My research will add to the growing body of  literature that recognizes the crucial role of oral histories in the field of archaeology. The alignment between these sources of knowledge underscores the reliability and historical value of oral knowledge.
Return migration of the Atlantic salmon in the Tana River: distribution and exploitation of radiotagged multi-sea-winter salmon
Creators: name: Erkinaro, J.
name: Økland, F.
name: Moen, K.
name: Niemelä, E.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 1999

description: A total of 174 multi-sea-winter Atlantic salmon (75–115 cm fork length) were radiotagged in the Tanafjord in 1992–1993 and their upstream migration and exploitation in the Tana River (Teno) were studied. Of the tagged fish, 75% and 77% entered the river, and 40% and 69% of them were later recaptured in 1992 and 1993, respectively. The lower 60 km of the river accounted for 36% of the recaptures. Gillnets and weirs took 68% of the fish recaptured in the river in 1992 but only 40% in 1993, the rest being caught by rod and line. Weirs caught more recently entered salmon than gillnets. Rod and line fishery caught smaller fish than gillnets and weirs. There were no differences in the size distributions between the initially tagged salmon, those that entered the river, were recaptured in the river, or the ones survived until spawning. Exploitation rates (n recaptured fish/n entered the river) were the highest in the upper reaches of the river system.
Diatom-inferred increase in limnetic phosphorus concentration and the associated changes in sedimentary phosphorus fractions in Valkjärvi, a lake in Kärkölä, Finland
Creators: name: Kauppila, T.
name: Moisio, T.
name: Salonen, V.-P.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 2002

description: A diatom-based total phosphorus (TP) model developed for southern Finland is used to infer past epilimnetic TP concentrations in Valkjärvi, a lake located in Kärkölä, Finland; and the results are compared with sedimentary phosphorus fractions. The diatom-based models accurately predicted epilimnetic TP concentrations as indicated by monitoring data available since 1979. Altogether, concentrations have increased from 15 ug P l–1 in the 1940s to the present level of ~65 ug P l–1. After an initial slow increase, the lake became eutrophicated rapidly in the 1960s as a result of municipal wastewater from the Kärkölä commune. These nutrient inputs resulted in increased sedimentary phosphorus concentrations. The NaOH-extracted phosphorus fraction in particular increased in the profundal sediments. The changes in sedimentary phosphorus nevertheless occurred later than the increase in diatom-inferred limnetic TP concentration.
The photoinduced hidden metallic phase of monoclinic VO2 driven by local nucleation via a self-amplification process
Creators: name: Guo, Feng-Wu
name: Liu, Wen-Hao
name: Wang, Zhi
name: Li, Shu-Shen
name: Wang, Lin-Wang
name: Luo, Jun-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The insulator-to-metal transition (IMT) in vanadium dioxide (VO2) has garnered extensive attention for its potential applications in ultrafast switches, neuronal network architectures, and storage technologies. However, a significant controversy persists regarding the formation of the IMT, specifically concerning whether a complete structural phase transition from monoclinic (M1) to rutile (R) phase is necessary. Here we employ the real-time time-dependent density functional theory (rt-TDDFT) to track the dynamic evolution of atomic and electronic structures in photoexcited VO2, revealing the emergence of a long-lived monoclinic metal phase (MM) under low electronic excitation. The emergence of the metal phase in the monoclinic structure originates from the dissociation of the local V-V dimer, driven by the self-trapped and self-amplified dynamics of photoexcited holes, rather than by a pure electron-electron correction. On the other hand, the M1-to-R phase transition does appear at higher electronic excitation. Our findings validate the existence of MM phase and provide a comprehensive picture of the IMT in photoexcited VO2.
description: 34 pages, 18 figures
ДОРИ ВОСИТАЛАРИ БИЛАН ЕТКАЗИЛГАН ЗАРАР УЧУН ЖАВОБГАРЛИК
Creators: name: Cаидов, Шохруххон
name: Қодирова, Гўзал
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ушбу мақолада контрафакт дори воситаларини ишлаб чиқариш учун жавобгарлик масалалари, сифатсиз дори воситаларининг сотуви ва уларни қабул қилиш оқибатлари, алоҳида бўғин сифатида фарматсевтика ишлаб чиқариш жараёнини тартибга солиш, дунёда сохта дорилар сонини назорат қилишнинг асосий элементлари ҳақида сўз юритилиб, мавзу доирасида бир неча таклифлар илгари сурилган.
The vendace stock and fisheries in Lake Inari
Creators: name: Salonen, E.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 1998

description: Vendace (Coregonus albula) has a short history (30–40 year) in Lake Inari, being introduced into the watercourse in the 1950s and 1960s. The growth of the stock was slow at the beginning, but increased rapidly in the 1980s due to three strong, successive year classes in 1983, 1984 and 1986. All these years, and also in 1989, summers were quite warm and the water temperature favourable after the ice-break. The peak stock size was recorded 1987, and after that, there was a slump. In the middle of the 1990s, the stock size had stabilized to a very low level compared with the situation in the end of 1980s, and the vendace stock concentrated mostly in the southern parts of the lake. The vendace fishery flourished for less than five years. The peak year concerning fisheries and catches was 1989 with a vendace catch of nearly 3 kg ha–1 and a total catch of about 5 kg ha–1, rather high figures in subarctic northern regions. After 1989, the vendace catch decreased rapidly. It seemed that the fishing effort of some years (1989 and 1990) was so heavy that the spawning stock size gradually decreased to a level, where the revival was difficult. Unfavourable weather conditions with cold summers at the beginning of 1990s, and, at the same time, quite hard pressure of predation by abundantly stocked salmonids on vendace contributed together to the fact that only very scanty year-classes were born. This, in turn led to a collapse of the vendace stock in the 1990s.
Megachile perspicua Mitchell, new comb.
Creators: name: Raw, Anthony
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2002
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Megachilidae
Megachile
Megachile perspicua

description: perspicua Mitchell, new comb.
Megachile perspicua Mitchell 1930: 289. Female. Type locality: Cordova, Argentina. Type repository: MCZ 16203. Examined.
description: Published as part of Raw, Anthony, 2002, New combinations and synonymies of leafcutter and mason bees of the Americas (Megachile, Hymenoptera, Megachilidae), pp. 1-43 in Zootaxa 71 (1) on page 11, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.71.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/155887
Zooplankton in relation to cyanobacteria across a geographic gradient in Archipelago Sea, northern Baltic
Creators: name: Ruokolainen, L.
name: Lilley, T. M.
name: Tammi, M.
name: Vuorinen, I.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 2006

description: Toxic cyanobacterial blooms are known to be a growing problem in many types of water bodies. Cyanobacteria are also known to affect zooplankton community structure. In this study, we assessed the possible impact of cyanobacterial blooms on zooplankton species composition. Altogether 20 locations on a geographical gradient were sampled in the Archipelago Sea in the northern Baltic during late summer 2003. We analyzed the data using multivariate methods and linear regression. The Mantel test of matrix correspondence revealed a statistically significant relationship between zooplankton species composition and cyanobacterial composition in July. The regression analysis showed a strong negative relationship between the cyanobacterial and copepod abundances. No relationship was found between cladocerans and cyanobacteria. A clear positive relationship was observed between rotifers and cyanobacteria. In conclusion, negative interactions may occur between certain zooplankton taxa and cyanobacteria in the Archipelago Sea, at least in midsummer. These interactions seemed to be associated with geographic zones within the archipelago.
Megachile pseudanthidioides Moure, new comb.
Creators: name: Raw, Anthony
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2002
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Megachilidae
Megachile
Megachile pseudanthidioides

description: pseudanthidioides Moure, new comb.
Megachile pseudanthidioides Moure 1943: 183. Female. Type locality: Montenegro, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The species is placed in this subgenus based on specimens in my collection which Padre J.S. Moure kindly identified.
description: Published as part of Raw, Anthony, 2002, New combinations and synonymies of leafcutter and mason bees of the Americas (Megachile, Hymenoptera, Megachilidae), pp. 1-43 in Zootaxa 71 (1) on page 11, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.71.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/155887
Melanin concentrations in vendace (Coregonus albula) and whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus) larvae from five boreal lakes with different optical properties
Creators: name: Häkkinen, J.
name: Korhonen, H.
name: Oikari, A.
name: Karjalainen, J.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 2003

description: The objective was to investigate correlation between melanin concentration in fish larvae and the optical properties of water in five study lakes. Melanin concentration was analyzed from vendace and whitefish larvae; sampled in May from lakes with different UV attenuation depth, water colour and transparency. Overall, vendace exhibited more pigmentation than whitefish. In both species larval pigmentation correlated positively with water colour, but the correlation was negative with UV-B attenuation depth. Based on our results, it is evident that ambient UV-B was insufficient to modify the degree of melanin pigmentation of coregonid fish larvae in Finnish lakes. We suggest that the main reason for the observed difference in larval melanin concentrations between lakes is that larvae adapt to the background colour, possibly to reduce visual predation.
Megachile remigata Vachal, new comb.
Creators: name: Raw, Anthony
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2002
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Megachilidae
Megachile
Megachile remigata

description: remigata Vachal, new comb.
Megachile remigata Vachal 1908: 227. Female. Type locality: Urubamba (3000 m), Peru. Type repository: MNHN. Examined. Right mandible glued. Right antenna glued to right orbit.
description: Published as part of Raw, Anthony, 2002, New combinations and synonymies of leafcutter and mason bees of the Americas (Megachile, Hymenoptera, Megachilidae), pp. 1-43 in Zootaxa 71 (1) on page 11, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.71.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/155887
Megachile riojanensis Mitchell, new comb.
Creators: name: Raw, Anthony
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2002
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Megachilidae
Megachile
Megachile riojanensis

description: riojanensis Mitchell, new comb.
Megachile riojanensis Mitchell 1930: 302. Female. Type locality: La Rioja, Argentina. Type repository: MCZ 16208. Examined.
description: Published as part of Raw, Anthony, 2002, New combinations and synonymies of leafcutter and mason bees of the Americas (Megachile, Hymenoptera, Megachilidae), pp. 1-43 in Zootaxa 71 (1) on page 11, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.71.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/155887
Megachile rubriventris Smith, new comb.
Creators: name: Raw, Anthony
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2002
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Megachilidae
Megachile
Megachile rubriventris

description: rubriventris Smith, new comb.
Megachile rubriventris Smith 1879: 75. Female. Type locality: Santarem [Brazil]. Type repository: BNHM 17a2438. Examined.
description: Published as part of Raw, Anthony, 2002, New combinations and synonymies of leafcutter and mason bees of the Americas (Megachile, Hymenoptera, Megachilidae), pp. 1-43 in Zootaxa 71 (1) on page 11, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.71.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/155887
Megachile ruficornis Smith, new comb.
Creators: name: Raw, Anthony
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2002
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Megachilidae
Megachile
Megachile ruficornis

description: ruficornis Smith, new comb.
Megachile ruficornis Smith 1853: 188. Female. Type locality: Brazil. Type repository: BNHM 17a2435. Examined.
description: Published as part of Raw, Anthony, 2002, New combinations and synonymies of leafcutter and mason bees of the Americas (Megachile, Hymenoptera, Megachilidae), pp. 1-43 in Zootaxa 71 (1) on page 12, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.71.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/155887
Megachile rufiplantis Vachal, new comb.
Creators: name: Raw, Anthony
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2002
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Megachilidae
Megachile
Megachile rufiplantis

description: rufiplantis Vachal, new comb.
Megachile rufiplantis Vachal 1904: 12. Female. Type locality: Lara [Tucuman, Argentina]. Type repository: MNHN. Examined. Type worn.
description: Published as part of Raw, Anthony, 2002, New combinations and synonymies of leafcutter and mason bees of the Americas (Megachile, Hymenoptera, Megachilidae), pp. 1-43 in Zootaxa 71 (1) on page 12, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.71.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/155887
Megachile trochantina Vachal, new comb.
Creators: name: Raw, Anthony
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2002
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Megachilidae
Megachile
Megachile trochantina

description: trochantina Vachal, new comb.
Megachile trochantina Vachal 1909: 14. Male. Type locality: Mendoza [Argentina]. Specimens at BBSL determined by Moldenke are members of this subgenus.
description: Published as part of Raw, Anthony, 2002, New combinations and synonymies of leafcutter and mason bees of the Americas (Megachile, Hymenoptera, Megachilidae), pp. 1-43 in Zootaxa 71 (1) on page 12, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.71.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/155887
Zooplankton rhapsody: Unexpected response in community following increased fish predation
Creators: name: Estlander, S.
name: Horppila, J.
name: Olin, M.
name: Nurminen, L.
name: Rask, M.
name: Lehtonen, H.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 2017

description: The impact of increased fish density on the crustacean zooplankton was studied in a small, forest lake. Interestingly and contrary to our hypothesis, increased fish density resulted in an increase in biomass of large-sized cladocerans, but a decrease in biomass of smaller and dominant cladoceran species. Thus, the effect of increased planktivory of fish was likely tempered by compensatory dynamics of zooplankton, wherein abundance of some species increased to compensate for population decreases by other species. This change in the relative species composition of zooplankton was seen as the increased diversity in crustacean zooplankton community. We conclude that instead of simple “top-down” or “bottom-up” regulation of zooplankton, the diverse array of connections among species is more likely to cause community dynamic fluctuations in zooplankton. Moreover, behavioural changes e.g. habitat change of fish may also have a pronounced effect on the response of zooplankton community on fishing.
BELIS project leaflet and poster
Creators: name: Lopez-Francos, Antonio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: BELIS project presentation (Leaflet and Poster formats).

BELIS is a 5-year innovation project supported by Horizon Europe, aiming at improving genetic selection methodologies and governance structures in the legume breeding and seed industry to increase its competitiveness in the EU and Associated Countries.
Biogenic volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from forests in Finland
Creators: name: Lindfors, V.
name: Laurila, T.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 2000

description: We present model estimates of biogenic volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from the forests in Finland. The emissions were calculated for the years 1995–1997 using the measured isoprene and monoterpene emission factors of boreal tree species together with detailed satellite land cover information and meteorological data. The three-year average emission is 319 kilotonnes per annum, which is significantly higher than the estimated annual anthropogenic VOC emissions of 193 kilotonnes. The biogenic emissions of the Finnish forests are dominated by monoterpenes, which contribute approximately 45% of the annual total. The main isoprene emitter is the Norway spruce (Picea abies) due to its high foliar biomass density. Compared to the monoterpenes, however, the total isoprene emissions are very low, contributing only about 7% of the annual forest VOC emissions. The isoprene emissions are more sensitive to the meteorological conditions than the monoterpene emissions, but the progress of the thermal growing season is clearly reflected in all biogenic emission fluxes. The biogenic emission densities in northern Finland are approximately half of the emissions in the southern parts of the country.
Megachile trucis Mitchell, new comb.
Creators: name: Raw, Anthony
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2002
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Megachilidae
Megachile
Megachile trucis

description: trucis Mitchell, new comb.
Megachile trucis Mitchell 1930: 251. Male. Type locality: Villarrica, Paraguay. Mitchell's description suggests the species is a member of this subgenus.
description: Published as part of Raw, Anthony, 2002, New combinations and synonymies of leafcutter and mason bees of the Americas (Megachile, Hymenoptera, Megachilidae), pp. 1-43 in Zootaxa 71 (1) on page 12, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.71.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/155887
In vitro maturation of whitefish, Coregonus lavaretus (L.), oocytes
Creators: name: Tambets, M.
name: Muje, P.
name: Saat, T.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 1996

description: Ovarian fragments of whitefish, Coregonus lavaretus (L.), were incubated in medium 199 with Earle’s salts at 10°C in the presence of 17alpha-hydroxy-20beta-hydroxyprogesterone (1 µg ml–1) or salmon pituitary extract (10 µg ml–1) for 5 or 10 days. These hormones induced both cytoplasmic and nuclear maturation of 91–100% of oocytes within 3–4 days. However, ovulation in vitro was observed only from follicles stimulated to mature in vivo. Fusion of oil droplets in vitro was usually incomplete as compared with in vivo maturation.
USE OF DEATH CERTIFICATES IN THE CASTILLA Y LEÓN POPULATION-BASED CANCER REGISTRY (PROVINCE OF SALAMANCA)
Creators: name: Gutiérrez Meléndez, Pilar
name: Cabrera Torres, Enrique
name: Estévez Iglesias, Lorena
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: cancer registries
death certificates
Castilla y León
Salamanca

description: The use of Death Certificates (DCs) as an information source is quite relevant to ensure cancer registries’ completeness and validity. This study aims to describe the process of using DCs that mention cancer to identify new cases in the Castilla y León Population-Based Cancer Registry (CLPBCR) belonging to the province of Salamanca.

El uso de los Certificados de Defunción (DC) como fuente de información es bastante relevante para garantizar la integridad y validez de los registros de cáncer. Este estudio tiene como objetivo describir el proceso de utilización de CD que mencionan cáncer para identificar nuevos casos en el Registro Poblacional de Cáncer de Castilla y León (CLPBCR) perteneciente a la provincia de Salamanca.
Identification of $>$40 gravitationally magnified stars in a galaxy at redshift of 0.725
Creators: name: Fudamoto, Yoshinobu
name: Sun, Fengwu
name: Diego, Jose M.
name: Dai, Liang
name: Oguri, Masamune
name: Zitrin, Adi
name: Zackrisson, Erik
name: Jauzac, Mathilde
name: Lagattuta, David J.
name: Egami, Eiichi
name: Iani, Edoardo
name: Windhorst, Rogier A.
name: Abe, Katsuya T.
name: Bauer, Franz Erik
name: Bian, Fuyan
name: Bhatawdekar, Rachana
name: Broadhurst, Thomas J.
name: Cai, Zheng
name: Chen, Chian-Chou
name: Chen, Wenlei
name: Cohen, Seth H.
name: Conselice, Christopher J.
name: Espada, Daniel
name: Foo, Nicholas
name: Frye, Brenda L.
name: Fujimoto, Seiji
name: Furtak, Lukas J.
name: Golubchik, Miriam
name: Hsiao, Tiger Yu-Yang
name: Jolly, Jean-Baptiste
name: Kawai, Hiroki
name: Kelly, Patrick L.
name: Koekemoer, Anton M.
name: Kohno, Kotaro
name: Kokorev, Vasily
name: Li, Mingyu
name: Li, Zihao
name: Lin, Xiaojing
name: Magdis, Georgios E.
name: Meena, Ashish K.
name: Niemiec, Anna
name: Nabizadeh, Armin
name: Richard, Johan
name: Steinhardt, Charles L.
name: Wu, Yunjing
name: Zhu, Yongda
name: Zou, Siwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strong gravitational magnifications enable to detect faint background sources, resolve their internal structures, and even identify individual stars in distant galaxies. Highly magnified individual stars allow various applications, including studies of stellar populations in distant galaxies and constraining dark matter structures in the lensing plane. However, these applications have been hampered by the small number of individual stars observed, as typically one or a few stars are identified from each distant galaxy. Here, we report the discovery of more than 40 microlensed stars in a single galaxy behind Abell 370 at redshift of 0.725 when the Universe was half of its current age (dubbed ``the Dragon arc''), using James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) observations with the time-domain technique. These events are found near the expected lensing critical curves, suggesting that these are magnified stars that appear as transients from intracluster stellar microlenses. Through multi-wavelength photometry, we constrain stellar types and find that many of them are consistent with red giants/supergiants magnified by factors of hundreds. This finding reveals an unprecedented high occurrence of microlensing events in the Dragon arc, and proves that {\it JWST}'s time-domain observations open up the possibility of conducting statistical studies of high-redshift stars.
description: 28 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables accepted for publication in Nature Astronomy
Aspects of Convergence of Random Walks on Finite Volume Homogeneous Spaces
Creators: name: Prohaska, Roland
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 60B15, Secondary 22F30, 60G50, 22E30

description: We investigate three aspects of weak* convergence of the $n$-step distributions of random walks on finite volume homogeneous spaces $G/Γ$ of semisimple real Lie groups. First, we look into the obvious obstruction to the upgrade from Cesaro to non-averaged convergence: periodicity. We give examples where it occurs and conditions under which it does not. In a second part, we prove convergence towards Haar measure with exponential speed from almost every starting point. Finally, we establish a strong uniformity property for the Cesaro convergence towards Haar measure for uniquely ergodic random walks.
description: 21 pages; improved the speed of convergence in Theorems 3.2 and 3.13 based on referee reports, other minor improvements. The Version of Record of this manuscript has been published and is freely available in Dynamical Systems, 24 Oct 2023, https://www.tandfonline.com/10.1080/14689367.2023.2271407
Hamartia in Effiong Johnson's The Stolen Manuscript
Creators: name: Emmanuel Bunduga, Tyogema
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The artist striving for truth or sincerity had to guard his spontaneous vision against distortion or alteration by aesthetic conventions or preoccupations” Linda Nochlin (2006). A perpetrator of evil spends time and energy plotting how to pull his or her prey down, unknown to the target victim; life goes on normally with him or her. It is easier to do good than bad, and even much more beneficial. This research work disabuses the minds of the readers against evil acts which are often natural and justifiable by the standard of vices such as hatred, nepotism, envy, jealousy, and lack of growth mindset as seen in the character of Dr Martin and his accomplice, Mr Bayo. These weaknesses have been pointed out elsewhere, especially in the play of Sophocles ‘Oedipus Rex’ but not in Effiong’s The Stolen Manuscript which is peculiar to the Nigeria and Africa society. Realism as the lens through which the paper sponges and communicate the good and bad tendencies of characters in the play is deliberate. This allows the reader to make a choice, hence both sides are laid bare, though the paper is tilted towards good, and evil is punished leading to the hamartia of Dr Martin and Mr. Bayo. A man who is not eminently good and just yet whose misfortune is brought about not by vice or depravity but by some error or frailty (Aristotle). Tragedy does happen but not without a cause, there is always a prompter in this case: jealousy. This research shows the outcome of hard work, through Ukeme and retribution of evil jealousy through Martins. The ladder of academic prowess is accessible for willing and intending academics both in and out of educational institutions.Keywords: Effiong Johnson, envy, hamartia, The Stolen, manuscript
The snow cover characteristics of northern Eurasia and their relationship to climatic parameters
Creators: name: Kitaev, L.
name: Kislov, A.
name: Krenke, A.
name: Razuvaev, V.
name: Martuganov, R.
name: Konstantinov, I.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 2002

description: The research presented in this paper was based on snow depth data over the former Soviet Union territory for the period 1936–1995 and snow water equivalent data for the period 1966–1990. These data were averaged for the territories of different scales. The errors associated with such averaging were estimated. Positive trends in the snow amount were revealed. They coincide with positive trends in the winter precipitation and air temperature. A relationship between the distribution of observed snow depth anomalies and the spatial distribution of precipitation and air temperature was established. During the last 60 years, the role of low air temperatures in the formation of the snow cover formation has diminished, while that of high precipitation has increased. The relation of the snow cover in the former Soviet Union to the NAO and SOI indices and monsoon intensify was examined.
How do the implementations of regulatory impact analysis perform on sustainable development? Investigating the OECD countries through data envelopment analysis
Creators: name: Göksu, Gonca Güngör
name: Demirtaş, Nazli
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Space Science
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: We aimed to analyse the efficiency scores of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development countries in achieving sustainable development through the regulatory impact analysis. We employed the data envelopment analysis method based on an output-oriented approach to reach the aim. The main result indicated that most countries reached low efficiency scores; on the contrary, the United Kingdom was the only country with a maximum efficiency score due to the significant improvements associated with the regulatory impact analysis in supporting sustainable development since the 1990s. We also specifically compared the situations of the best- and worst-performing countries. Therefore, we improved some policy recommendations for how the worst-performed countries could increase their efficiency levels. The study’s originality is that it is a scarce empirical study focusing on the achievements of OECD countries through efficiency scores by concerning the RIA implementations in supporting SD.
On Convergence of Random Walks on Moduli Space
Creators: name: Prohaska, Roland
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 60B15, Secondary 32G15, 60G50, 22F10

description: The purpose of this note is to establish convergence of random walks on the moduli space of Abelian differentials on compact Riemann surfaces in two different modes: convergence of the $n$-step distributions from almost every starting point in an affine invariant submanifold towards the associated affine invariant measure, and almost sure pathwise equidistribution towards the affine invariant measure on the $SL_2(\mathbb{R})$-orbit closure of an arbitrary starting point. These are analogues to previous results for random walks on homogeneous spaces.
description: 11 pages; small improvements in presentation in Section 3 on pathwise equidistribution
Finding Lensed Radio Sources with the VLA Sky Survey
Creators: name: Martinez, Michael N.
name: Gordon, Yjan A.
name: Bechtol, Keith
name: Cartwright, Gillian
name: Ferguson, Peter S.
name: Gorsuch, Miranda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radio observations of strongly lensed objects are valuable as cosmological probes. Lensed radio sources have proven difficult to identify in large part due to the limited depth and angular resolution of the previous generation of radio sky surveys, and as such, only a few dozen lensed radio sources are known. In this work we present the results of a pilot study using the Very Large Array Sky Survey (VLASS) in combination with optical data to more efficiently identify lensed radio sources. We obtain high-resolution (0.2") VLA follow-up observations for 11 targets that we identify using three different techniques: i) a search for compact radio sources offset from galaxies with high lensing potential, ii) VLASS detections of known lensed galaxies, iii) VLASS detections of known lensed quasars. 5 of our targets show radio emission from the lensed images, including 100% of the lensed optical quasar systems. This work demonstrates the efficacy of combining deep and high-resolution wide-area radio and optical survey data to efficiently find lensed radio sources, and we discuss the potential impact of such an approach using next-generation surveys with the Vera C. Rubin Observatory, Euclid, and Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope.
description: 29 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables, submitted to AAS Journals
Biomimicry in Radiation Therapy: Optimizing Patient Scheduling for Improved Treatment Outcomes
Creators: name: K., Keshav Kumar
name: Narasimham, NVSL
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In the realm of medical science, the pursuit of enhancing treatment efficacy and patient outcomes continues to drive innovation. This study delves into the integration of biomimicry principles within the domain of Radiation Therapy (RT) to optimize patient scheduling, ultimately aiming to augment treatment results. RT stands as a vital medical technique for eradicating cancer cells and diminishing tumor sizes. Yet, the manual scheduling of patients for RT proves both laborious and intricate. In this research, the focus is on automating patient scheduling for RT through the application of optimization methodologies. Three bio-inspired algorithms are employed for optimization to tackle the complex online stochastic scheduling problem. These algorithms include the Genetic Algorithm (GA), Firefly Optimization (FFO), and Wolf Optimization (WO). These algorithms are harnessed to address the intricate challenges of online stochastic scheduling. Through rigorous evaluation, involving the scrutiny of convergence time, runtime, and objective values, the comparative performance of these algorithms is determined. The results of this study unveil the effectiveness of the applied bio-inspired algorithms in optimizing patient scheduling for RT. Among the algorithms examined, WO emerges as the frontrunner, consistently delivering superior outcomes across various evaluation criteria. The optimization approach showcased in this study holds the potential to streamline processes, reduce manual intervention, and ultimately improve treatment outcomes for patients undergoing RT.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Differences in forest structure and landscape patterns between ownership groups in Central Finland
Creators: name: Uuttera, J.
name: Maltamo, M.
name: Kurki, S.
name: Mykrä, S.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 1998

description: The spatial distribution and connectivity of forest characteristics, such as soil productivity, stage of forest development, forest tree species composition and forest vertical structure, were studied according to forest ownership groups in Central Finland. The study was based on the data from the Finnish National Forest Inventory. The spatial distribution was examined by estimating variograms for compared characteristics. Connectivity of forest characteristics was estimated along the inventory track by calculating the proportions of adjacent sample plots which had the same value of the forest characteristic in question. Results on the spatial distribution and connectivity of dominating tree species, tree species composition and vertical structure of the stand show that differences in stand management have also affected the structure of forest landscape. It seems that the within-stand heterogeneity, required by many forest species, is better maintained in privately owned forests due to more heterogeneous management regimes. This leads to greater spatial correlation and connectivity of the stand structure characteristics. On the other hand, small management units in privately owned forest holdings lead to a more fragmented forest landscape. This is partly avoided in forests owned by the state or forest industrial companies, which have more continuous patches of a single successional stage of forest. However, this can be regarded only as a potential for the preservation of viable forest species populations in the future, because currently successional stages of young forest have the greatest spatial correlation and connectivity.
Seasonal variations of trace gases, meteorological parameters, and formation of aerosols in boreal forests
Creators: name: Lyubovtseva, Y. S.
name: Sogacheva, L.
name: Dal Maso, M.
name: Bonn, B.
name: Keronen, P.
name: Kulmala, M.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 2005

description: The data from observations made in the Hyytiälä background station over the period 1997–2003 were analyzed in order to investigate the possible links between physical, chemical and meteorological parameters for event and nonevent days during different seasons. The seasonal patterns of average trace gas (O3, H2O, NOx = NO + NO2, SO2) concentrations, UV-A irradiation intensity, temperature, relative humidity and condensation sink were established and used for evaluating their influence on the seasonal dependence of the formation and growth rates of particles in the nucleation mode. For the forest region at Hyytiälä, an estimate was made on the contribution of the oxidation products of SO2 and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) by O3 and OH to the formation and growth of the nucleation mode particles. The condensation sink was shown to play a crucial role in the chemical dynamics of gaseous precursors and aerosol particles. The variability of the sink was attributed mainly to the humidification of the pre-existing aerosol particle population, depending thus strongly on the relative humidity. Our results indicate that the observed growth rate of new particles is connected with condensation of secondary organic compounds originating from the oxidation of terpenes.
Carbon dioxide fluxes and vegetation structure in rewetted and pristine peatlands in Finland and Estonia
Creators: name: Purre, A.-H.
name: Penttilä, T.
name: Ojanen, P.
name: Minkkinen, K.
name: Aurela, M.
name: Lohila, A.
name: Ilomets, M.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 2019

description: Vast areas of peatlands have been drained for forestry endangering their carbon sink function. Peatland rewetting aims at mitigating the situation through restoring the hydrology and vegetation of these areas. We compared the carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes and phytomass on four pairs of rewetted and pristine peatland sites in Finland and Estonia, and described correlations between phytomass and CO2 fluxes. We measured the net ecosystem exchange of CO2 (NEE), respiration and photosynthesis over one growing season using manual chambers, and biomass of plant functional types (PFT) on rewetted sites and their pristine counterparts. Although pair-wise differences in the vegetation were small, pristine sites were on average stronger CO2 sinks than rewetted sites. Respiration was higher in hummocks while no differences were found in photosynthesis between hummocks and hollows. No clear relationship between the biomasses of PFTs and NEE was found. Generally, however, CO2 uptake decreased with increase in Sphagnum biomass.
Megachile tuberculifera Schrottky, new comb.
Creators: name: Raw, Anthony
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2002
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Megachilidae
Megachile
Megachile tuberculifera

description: tuberculifera Schrottky, new comb.
Megachile tuberculifera Schrottky 1913a: 188. Female. Type locality: Campos de Jordão, São Paulo, Brazil. Type repository: MZSP. Examined.
description: Published as part of Raw, Anthony, 2002, New combinations and synonymies of leafcutter and mason bees of the Americas (Megachile, Hymenoptera, Megachilidae), pp. 1-43 in Zootaxa 71 (1) on page 12, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.71.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/155887
title: Kolonialfotografie: Kulturelle Wahrnehmungsformen und Mediatisierung transnationaler Beziehungsverflechtung. Am Beispiel von Kamerun und Deutschland (1884-1918)
Creators: name: Nkouda Sopgui, Romuald Valentin
Publisher: name: ZZF - Leibniz-Zentrum für Zeithistorische Forschung: Visual History
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 967 Geschichte Zentralafrikas und vorgelagerter Inseln

description: Ziel meines Forschungsprojekts ist es, Kolonialfotografien von Menschen und Landschaften Kameruns, die zur Zeit des Deutschen Kaiserreichs produziert wurden, zu untersuchen. Vor dem Hintergrund der aktuellen – nicht nur in Deutschland – geführten Debatten über das unzureichend aufgearbeitete „Erbe“ des Kolonialismus ist dieses Thema von hoher Aktualität. Die Vielfalt deutscher Kolonialbilder zu Kamerun ist Ausgangspunkt des Forschungsprojekts. Im Mittelpunkt steht die Untersuchung der Rolle kolonialer Bilder in der Vermittlung anthropologischen Wissens über Menschen fremder Herkunft im Kontext europäischer bzw. deutscher Kolonialherrschaft.
Megachile vagata Vachal, new comb.
Creators: name: Raw, Anthony
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2002
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Megachilidae
Megachile
Megachile vagata

description: vagata Vachal, new comb.
Megachile vagata Vachal 1908: 228 ­229. Female & male. Type locality: Mendoza [Argentina].
Megachile (Dactylomegachile) vagata Mitchell 1943: 671.
description: Published as part of Raw, Anthony, 2002, New combinations and synonymies of leafcutter and mason bees of the Americas (Megachile, Hymenoptera, Megachilidae), pp. 1-43 in Zootaxa 71 (1) on page 12, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.71.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/155887
Modelling the effects of climate change on lake eutrophication
Creators: name: Frisk, T.
name: Bilaletdin, Ä.
name: Kallio, K.
name: Saura, M.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 1997

description: The effects of climate change on lake eutrophication were studied using a dynamic simulation model. The climate scenarios of the Finnish Research Programme on Climate Change (SILMU) were applied. As the model, a modified version of the Swedish PROBE was used. The description of water quality and growth of plankton was included in the model in Finland. There were three case study lakes: Lake Villikkalanjärvi in southern Finland and Lakes Kalliojärvi and Längelmävesi in central Finland. The model was successfully calibrated to all three lakes. According to the simulations the effects of climate change on the trophic status of the lakes will not be great. An increase in the spring peak of phytoplankton is expected, but the average biomasses will remain the same as at present. However, on the basis of the modelling results we can conclude that climate change may cause a risk for eutrophication in some lakes.
Smolting of the brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) in Lestijoki water
Creators: name: Soivio, A.
name: Myllynen, K.
name: Pakkala, J.
name: Jokela, S.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 1998

description: The brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) of the Lestijoki strain, reared to the pre-smolt stage in fish farm conditions, were tested for their smolting ability in water from Lestijoki, a river in western Finland, during final winter before smolting. Reference fish were reared in local ground water. During the pre-smolt winter the fish were analysed for their gill ATPase activity, condition factor (CF) and osmoregulatory ability after exposure in 30% balanced sea water solution. The osmoregulatory ability of the gills was severely altered by the water quality of Lestijoki water. The decrease of condition factor (CF) and changes in gill Na+, K+-ATPase activity revealed an attempt of smolting in fish reared in the river water. The results of this investigation questions the ability to give Lestijoki a reproductive brown trout stock by re-establishing the species.