cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Optimal Large-Time Behavior of the Vlasov-Maxwell-Boltzmann System in the Whole Space
Creators: name: Duan, Renjun
name: Strain, Robert M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study the large-time behavior of classical solutions to the two-species Vlasov-Maxwell-Boltzmann system in the whole space $\R^3$. The existence of global in time nearby Maxwellian solutions is known from [34] in 2006. However the asymptotic behavior of these solutions has been a challenging open problem. Building on our previous work [10] on time decay for the simpler Vlasov-Poisson-Boltzmann system, we prove that these solutions converge to the global Maxwellian with the optimal decay rate of $O(t^{-3/2+\frac{3}{2r}})$ in $L^2_ξ(L^r_x)$-norm for any $2\leq r\leq \infty$ if initial perturbation is smooth enough and decays in space-velocity fast enough at infinity. Moreover, some explicit rates for the electromagnetic field tending to zero are also provided.
description: 42 pages, updated the file according to the many helpful and valuable comments of the referee
A New Route Maintenance in Dynamic Source Routing Protocol
Creators: name: Shukla, Ashish
name: Tyagi, Neeraj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) is infrastructureless, self-organizable, multi hop packet switched network. A number of routing protocols for MANETs have been proposed in recent years. Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) protocol is one of the most popular routing protocol for ad hoc networks. This paper presents a novel method to enhance route maintenance part of DSR protocol. Our proposed route maintenance significantly increases the efficiency of the protocol at the time of route failures.
description: This paper has been withdrawn as it's available as part of IEEE ISWPC 2006 proceedings from IEEExplore
Effect of Deposition From Static Rocket Test Fires on Corn and Alfalfa
Creators: name: Mendenhall, Scout
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2012

description: A greenhouse study was conducted to determine the effects of deposition from static rocket test fires on corn and alfalfa. Seeds were germinated in a wide concentration range of depositional material, called test fire soil (TFS). Additionally, the impact of chloride and aluminum, two major components of test fire soil, on germination was also evaluated. Furthermore, plants were grown in packed columns and exposed to test fire soil, either in the root zone or on foliage. Tissue was weighed and analyzed to compare biomass production and plant composition.
Corn and alfalfa exposed to test fire soil in the root zone produced less biomass than controls, but foliar treatment had no effect on biomass production. No kernels were produced by corn exposed to test fire soil in the root zone. Leaves of plants exposed to test fire soil in the root zone accumulated more metals and nutrients than controls, whereas plant tissue treated with test fire soil on the leaves contained only elevated levels of aluminum, although levels were still within reasonable concentrations for plants.
Germination of seeds was not affected below 1% test fire soil in soil; however higher concentrations of test fire soil decreased percent germination. Addition of chloride to soil also inhibits germination, but addition of aluminum has no effect on germination percentage. Corn germination was restored in test fire soil leached with 200 mm artificial rainwater.
The results of this research contribute information regarding the potential impact of test fire soil from static test fires on crop production. Test fire soil inhibits germination and growth if deposited in the root zone, and even foliar application alters tissue composition. However, plant composition is not altered significantly in terms of feed criteria, and germination can be restored by irrigating the TFS.
The effects of test fire soil are attributed to high levels of chloride that induce salt stress. Crop damage may be avoided by conducting static test fires after crops are harvested or providing extra irrigation to soil impacted with the TFS.
Transport regimes of cold gases in a two-dimensional anisotropic disorder
Creators: name: Pezze, L.
name: Robert-de-Saint-Vincent, M.
name: Bourdel, T.
name: Brantut, J. -P.
name: Allard, B.
name: Plisson, T.
name: Aspect, A.
name: Bouyer, P.
name: Sanchez-Palencia, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically study the dynamics of cold atoms in a two-dimensional disordered potential. We consider an anisotropic speckle potential and focus on the classical regime, which is relevant to some recent experiments. First, we study the behavior of particles with a fixed energy and identify different transport regimes. For low energy, the particles are classically localized due to the absence of a percolating cluster. For high energy, the particles undergo normal diffusion and we show that the diffusion constants scale algebraically with the particle energy, with an anisotropy factor which significantly differs from that of the disordered potential. For intermediate energy, we find a transient sub-diffusive regime, which is relevant to the time scale of typical experiments. Second, we study the behavior of a cold-atomic gas with an arbitrary energy distribution, using the above results as a groundwork. We show that the density profile of the atomic cloud in the diffusion regime is strongly peaked and, in particular, that it is not Gaussian. Its behavior at large distances allows us to extract the energy-dependent diffusion constants from experimental density distributions. For a thermal cloud released into the disordered potential, we show that our numerical predictions are in agreement with experimental findings. Not only does this work give insights to recent experimental results, but it may also serve interpretation of future experiments searching for deviation from classical diffusion and traces of Anderson localization.
description: 19 pages, 16 figures
Evaluating strategies for control of tuberculosis in prisons and prevention of spillover into communities: An observational and modeling study from Brazil
Creators: name: Mabud, Tarub S.
name: De Lourdes Delgado Alves, Maria
name: Ko, Albert I.
name: Basu, Sanjay
name: Walter, Katharine S.
name: Cohen, Ted
name: Mathema, Barun
name: Colijn, Caroline
name: Lemos, Everton
name: Croda, Julio
name: Andrews, Jason R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Tuberculosis--Transmission
Prisoners--Health and hygiene
Epidemiology--Mathematical models

description: Background
It has been hypothesized that prisons serve as amplifiers of general tuberculosis (TB) epidemics, but there is a paucity of data on this phenomenon and the potential population-level effects of prison-focused interventions. This study (1) quantifies the TB risk for prisoners as they traverse incarceration and release, (2) mathematically models the impact of prison-based interventions on TB burden in the general population, and (3) generalizes this model to a wide range of epidemiological contexts.

Methods and findings
We obtained individual-level incarceration data for all inmates (n = 42,925) and all reported TB cases (n = 5,643) in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso do Sul from 2007 through 2013. We matched individuals between prisoner and TB databases and estimated the incidence of TB from the time of incarceration and the time of prison release using Cox proportional hazards models. We identified 130 new TB cases diagnosed during incarceration and 170 among individuals released from prison. During imprisonment, TB rates increased from 111 cases per 100,000 person-years at entry to a maximum of 1,303 per 100,000 person-years at 5.2 years. At release, TB incidence was 229 per 100,000 person-years, which declined to 42 per 100,000 person-years (the average TB incidence in Brazil) after 7 years. We used these data to populate a compartmental model of TB transmission and incarceration to evaluate the effects of various prison-based interventions on the incidence of TB among prisoners and the general population. Annual mass TB screening within Brazilian prisons would reduce TB incidence in prisons by 47.4% (95% Bayesian credible interval [BCI], 44.4%–52.5%) and in the general population by 19.4% (95% BCI 17.9%–24.2%). A generalized model demonstrates that prison-based interventions would have maximum effectiveness in reducing community incidence in populations with a high concentration of TB in prisons and greater degrees of mixing between ex-prisoners and community members. Study limitations include our focus on a single Brazilian state and our retrospective use of administrative databases.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that the prison environment, more so than the prison population itself, drives TB incidence, and targeted interventions within prisons could have a substantial effect on the broader TB epidemic.
Additional file 1 of A burden of fluid, sodium, and chloride due to intravenous fluid therapy in patients with respiratory support: a post-hoc analysis of a multicenter cohort study
Creators: name: Sakuraya, Masaaki
name: Yoshihiro, Shodai
name: Onozuka, Kazuto
name: Takaba, Akihiro
name: Yasuda, Hideto
name: Shime, Nobuaki
name: Kotani, Yuki
name: Kishihara, Yuki
name: Kondo, Natsuki
name: Sekine, Kosuke
name: Morikane, Keita
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Daily intravenous fluid intake according to fluid type. Table S2. Daily sodium intake according to fluid type. Table S3. Daily chloride intake according to fluid type. Table S4. Estimates of the effects of covariates on the fluid volume, sodium, and chloride in the multiple linear regression models.
Leveraged ETFs and Intraday Volatility
Creators: name: Welker, Adam
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2012

description: This study provides an empirical analysis to determine whether leveraged exchange-traded funds are contributing to excess intraday volatility. The study, which is centered aroudn the introduction dates of six leveraged ETFs, uses high-frequency TAQ data for the S&P 500 constituent stocks to compare volatility before and after the introduction dates. Realized volatility is calculated for the morning, afternoon, and entire trading day during the twenty trading days before, and twenty trading days after each date of interest. There has been a lot of debate recently about whether leveraged ETFs could be increasing swings in intraday volatility. Up until now, this debate has persisted almost exclusively among practitioners and professionals. This study is the first in-depth, academic approach to the problem. Making use of the rich TAQ database to measure intraday volatility round the event days, some suspicions are confiremed while others are not.
Modulation Instability of Ultrashort Pulses in Quadratic Nonlinear Media beyond the Slowly Varying Envelope Approximation
Creators: name: Sarma, Amarendra K.
name: Kumar, Parvendra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a modulational instability (MI) analysis of a mathematical model appropriate for ultrashort pulses in cascaded quadratic-cubic nonlinear media beyond the so-called slowly varying envelope approximation. Theoretically predicted MI properties are found to be in good agreement with numerical simulation. The study shows the possibility of controlling the generation of MI and formation of solitons in a cascaded quadratic-cubic media in the few cycle regimes. We also find that stable propagation of soliton-like few-cycle pulses in the medium is subject to the fulfilment of the modulation instability criteria.
Schubert calculus and singularity theory
Creators: name: Gorbounov, Vassily
name: Petrov, Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Schubert calculus has been in the intersection of several fast developing areas of mathematics for a long time. Originally invented as the description of the cohomology of homogeneous spaces it has to be redesigned when applied to other generalized cohomology theories such as the equivariant, the quantum cohomology, K-theory, and cobordism. All this cohomology theories are different deformations of the ordinary cohomology. In this note we show that there is in some sense the universal deformation of Schubert calculus which produces the above mentioned by specialization of the appropriate parameters. We build on the work of Lerche Vafa and Warner. The main conjecture there was that the classical cohomology of a hermitian symmetric homogeneous manifold is a Jacobi ring of an appropriate potential. We extend this conjecture and provide a simple proof. Namely we show that the cohomology of the hermitian symmetric space is a Jacobi ring of a certain potential and the equivariant and the quantum cohomology and K-theory is a Jacobi ring of a particular deformation of this potential. This suggests to study the most general deformations of the Frobenius algebra of cohomology of these manifolds by considering the versal deformation of the appropriate potential. The structure of the Jacobi ring of such potential is a subject of well developed singularity theory. This gives a potentially new way to look at the classical, the equivariant, the quantum and other flavors of Schubert calculus.
Opaqueness of Financial Institutions
Creators: name: Griffith, Todd G.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2012

description: Spectators and professionals have targeted financial institutions as being at the epicenter of recent markets crises The opaqueness of bank holding companies' assets has been assumed to have created additional volatility and inefficiency within the market. It appears that the capital structure of a bank is the actual driving force behind the inefficiency. I conduct multiple empirical analyses to measure whether the lack to financial institutions asset transparency negatively impacts the ability of the firms price to respond to informational innovations in a timely manner. Through additional econometric tests, I explore several economic theories to narrow in on the root cause behind the market inefficiencies created by bank firms. Market efficiency can be measured by characterizing the delay with which prices respond to information. This paper examines price delay which captures the unexpected return premium for stocks trading on Nasdaq and NYSE for the period 1996 through 2008. The results argue that when delay is the measure of market efficiency, banks are relatively less efficient than similarly-sized nonfinancial institutions. The empirical evidence suggests that banks tend to project positive and significant delay coefficients; however, the assets side of the balance sheet does not seem to explain the inefficiency. In contrast, the leverage effect on delay is 75 to 100 times greater for financial institutions relative to similarly matched nonbank firms.
The Observer's Wave – Version 2: A Physical Model of Quantum Collapse through Wave-to-Wave Interference
Creators: name: Lim, Larry Kheng Cheong
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Quantum Collapse Observer Effect Wavefunction Decoherence Schrödinger Equation Quantum Measurement Conceptual Physics Market Analogy

description: This is Version 2 of the conceptual paper originally published as “The Observer’s Wave – A Conceptual Hypothesis on Quantum Collapse via Physical Interference.”

In this updated version, the author introduces a refined interpretation of wavefunction collapse, where the quantum wave of the observer (Ψₒ) physically interferes with the particle’s wavefunction (Ψₚ).

The collapse is framed not as a disappearance of wave behavior, but as a physical narrowing or decoherence due to direct overlap between observer and system.

A modified Schrödinger equation and a conceptual 1D simulation illustrate this effect.

A literature review confirms the novelty of this framing.

The paper also draws an analogy to market dynamics — where increased observation (investor attention) leads to a collapse of latent potential into realized price movements.

Note: The diagram included is a stylised simulation for illustrative purposes only, not a physical quantum solution.

 

Intellectual Property Note

This conceptual model, including the mechanism of wavefunction collapse via wave-to-wave interference from an observer source, is hereby time-stamped and published under DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15101452

The author reserves rights to explore or license potential applications, including wave-driven localization systems in energy, signal control, medical targeting, and military technologies.
Animal Models of Tremor: Relevance to Human Tremor Disorders
Creators: name: Pan, Ming-Kai
name: Ni, Chun-Lun
name: Wu, Yeuh-Chi
name: Li, Yong-Shi
name: Kuo, Sheng-Han
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Movement disorders
Tremor
Neurology
Parkinson's disease--Pathophysiology
Dystonia
Cerebellum

description: Background: Tremor is the most common movement disorder; however, the pathophysiology of tremor remains elusive. While several neuropathological alterations in tremor disorders have been observed in post-mortem studies of human brains, a full understanding of the relationship between brain circuitry alterations and tremor requires testing in animal models. Additionally, tremor animal models are critical for our understanding of tremor pathophysiology, and/or to serve as a platform for therapy development.

Methods: A PubMed search was conducted in May 2018 to identify published papers for review.

Results: The methodology used in most studies on animal models of tremor lacks standardized measurement of tremor frequency and amplitude; instead, these studies are based on the visual inspection of phenotypes, which may fail to delineate tremor from other movement disorders such as ataxia. Of the animal models with extensive tremor characterization, harmaline-induced rodent tremor models provide an important framework showing that rhythmic and synchronous neuronal activities within the olivocerebellar circuit can drive action tremor. In addition, dopamine-depleted monkey and mouse models may develop rest tremor, highlighting the role of dopamine in rest tremor generation. Finally, other animal models of tremor have involvement of the cerebellar circuitry, leading to altered Purkinje cell physiology.

Discussion: Both the cerebellum and the basal ganglia are likely to play a role in tremor generation. While the cerebellar circuitry can generate rhythmic movements, the nigrostriatal system is likely to modulate the tremor circuit. Tremor disorders are heterogeneous in nature. Therefore, each animal model may represent a subset of tremor disorders, which collectively can advance our understanding of tremor.
How Are Interest Rates Affecting Household Consumption and Savings?
Creators: name: Christensen, Lacy
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2012

description: This paper explores the optimal interest rates that could potentially maximize overall consumption and savings. I attempt to determine whether artificially low interest rates are positively or negatively affecting consumption. There has been speculation on whether the United States needs to raise the effective federal funds rate to provide financial institutions the incentive to lend money and increase household consumption. The Federal Reserve is currently keeping the effective funds rate between 0 and .25 in hopes of increasing consumption levels. This paper uses fifty years of interest rate data to narrow in on an optimal interest rate that leads to increased consumption levels, while taking into account numerous market factors. The empirical data suggests that the Federal Reserve is correct in keeping interest rates low, when attempting to increase consumption. There has been much research on this topic and on closely related subjects to consumption, savings and the real interest rate.
Cosmología y conceptos fundamentales de la física contemporánea
Creators: name: Caler Gallardo, Juan Luís
name: Calet Machado, Juan Marcos
name: J-Sanchís, Manuel Julio
name: Puertollano Afán de Rivera, Víctor Manuel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: cosmology
subject: modern physics
subject: epistemology of science
subject: cosmología
subject: física contemporánea
subject: epistemología de la ciencia
subject: 2212
subject: 221214
subject: 221202
subject: 221204
subject: 221205
subject: 221212

description: Este recurso consiste en una presentación con diversas secciones para explicar y visualizar conceptos físicos y aspectos básicos de la cosmología contemporánea. El objetivo propuesto consiste en facilitar a estudiantes de humanidades, sin formación especializada en física o disciplinas afines, elementos teóricos imprescindibles para adquirir una noción de carácter divulgativo pero informada y mínimamente rigurosa de algunos desarrollos teóricos y conceptuales relevantes que subyacen a la imagen contemporánea del universo y permiten identificar enfoques recientes en epistemología compatibles con aquella.

This presentation includes several sections in order to explain and visualize physical concepts and basic aspects of contemporary cosmology. Oriented to students without scientific background, it provides theoretical and visual elements relevant to understand basic notions associated with the contemporary image of the universe.
Why and How to Increase the Amount of Writing in Utah's Schools
Creators: name: Orme, Sarah
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2012

description: The writing culture in elementary schools and secondary schools needs to change if students are going to be equipped for their future academic and career goals. An ideal writing culture promotes advanced writing by encouraging more writing, sharing, and a sense that everyone in the classroom is a developing writer. The writing students produce shows that this type of writing culture is not being nurtured in many secondary schools. It is apparent that the ideal writing culture in secondary schools is not being achieved because of the writing students produce. Arthur Applebee and Judith Langer, in connection with the National Writing Project, the College Board, and the Center on English Learning & Achievement, analyzed the writing production in secondary language arts classrooms across the nation. They found that in 1998 “40% of 12th grade students reported never or hardly ever writing papers of 3 pages or more for their English language arts classes, and 14 percent were not writing papers of even 1 to 2 pages” (Writing Instruction in America’s Schools 11). This statistic includes personal narratives, reflections, responses to literature, and any formal writing that students can recall. In 2009, these authors published similar findings that papers longer than three pages are rare while also suggesting that “Data over time also suggest that there has been some increase in emphasis on writing and the teaching of writing, both in English language arts classrooms and across the curriculum, although this may have begun to decline from its high” (“What Is Happening in the Teaching of Writing?” 26). The increase in emphasis produced the following statistic: In 2007, between 80% and 90% of middle school and high school students had achieved what NAEP identifies as ‘basic’ writing skills appropriate to their grade level, but only 31% at Grade 8 and 23% at Grade 12 were rated as ‘proficient.’ (Applebee, “What Is Happening in the Teaching of Writing?” 19)
Information Flow in the Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Cellular Automata
Creators: name: Thakre, Akshay
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2012

description: Decision making in natural systems, such as the body's immune response to a potential pathogen or a bacterial colony's initiation of fruiting due to food scarcity, is distributed over many cells that posses only local information, and not determined globally. Understanding how accurate decisions can be made in such systems where no individual decisions maker has complete information has important implications in distributed software and can provide insights into the biological evolution of complexity. In this work, the process of distributed decision making is modeled using the majority problem in cellular automata, and information theoretic measures of Kolmogorov complexity are applied to quantify information flow during the decision making process. Results show that (a) when the decision making process converges the information content of the dynamics quickly reaches a peak then decays to near-zero; (b) if the process does not converge and becomes chaotic, information content oscillates over a large unstable range; (c) extensive statistically significant differences exist in information flow dynamics between convergent and chaotic outcomes; and (d) there are small, but statistically significant differences in information flow dynamics between convergence to the incorrect answer. This last result supports the hypothesis that correct decision making maximized information flow among agents in distributed decision making.
A Collection and Analysis of Local Middle Grade Math Projects for the Common Core
Creators: name: Checketts, Lynnette
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2012

description: The State of Utah has changed the mathematics core curriculum several times over the past decade. The latest change was the adoption of the Common Core State Standards introducing both grade level content standards and standards of mathematical practice that emphasize how students are to study and reason with mathematics at all grade levels. According to state officials, these standards require more mathematical reasoning, problem solving, and deeper understanding than previous core curriculum documents. One way to address this change is for teachers to educate using projects during their instruction as unit starters, daily lessons, and for evaluation purposes. Yet finding instructional materials takes considerable time and effort; hence, I have gathered, analyzed, and classified several projects teachers currently use in their classrooms according to the Common Core State Standards and presented them here in this report.
This report contains five projects that cover different mathematical components of the new core. The Invention Project is a statistics lesson comprised of a student survey along with several types of statistical follow-up questions that allow students to represent, display and interpret data. The Dilation project is an application based on dilating a greeting card with a scale factor by using proportions and similar figures. The Interior and Exterior Angles Project leads students to find the sum of interior and exterior angles of convex polygons after students have learned the Triangle Sum Theorem. The Celebrity Project uses an applet to show lines of best fit, and then engages the students in creating their own data of ordered pairs in a scatterplot, once the data is obtained students learn the procedure for generating a regression line. The Kite Flying Project allows for multiple learning levels as students pursue the Pythagorean Theorem with a hands-on approach. Materials for project implementation such as student task sheets, scoring rubrics, and the alignment with Common Core State Standards are included in this report.
PRESENCE OF ADP-RIBOSYLATION FACTOR 1 (ARF1) IN THE CHOROID PLEXUS: IMPACT ON COPPER LEVELS IN THE CEREBROSPINAL FLUID AND LEAD EXPOSURE
Creators: name: Sang, Tianyuan L
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Toxicology (incl. clinical toxicology)

description: Copper (Cu) dyshomeostasis in the brain, especially Cu overload, has been associated with neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Brain Cu levels are partly regulated by the choroid plexus (CP), a tissue that forms a barrier between the blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and is rich in Cu-transporting proteins. Literature data have shown that ADP-ribosylation factor 1 (ARF1) plays a role in regulating cellular Cu homeostasis; yet its presence and function in the blood-CSF barrier was unknown. The main purpose of the project was to prove the presence of ARF1 in the CP and explore its possible function with regards to Cu regulation. Since the CP is known to accumulate toxic metal lead (Pb) from human and animal studies, the project also aimed to test whether Pb exposure caused CSF Cu dyshomeostasis through disrupting ARF1-mediated Cu regulatory mechanism. Using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC), our data clearly demonstrated that ARF1 was highly enriched in the choroidal epithelial Z310 cells and expressed in CP tissues. Acute Pb exposure in mice (one ip. dose at 27 mg Pb/kg followed by tissue dissection 24 hrs later) significantly increased ARF1 expression in the CP as compared to saline-injected controls, suggesting a high responsiveness of the protein to Pb exposure. In the subsequent chronic study, mice were exposed to Pb via drinking water at 200ppm (low-dose) or 800ppm (high-dose) at libitum for 4 weeks (control group had sodium in drinking water). Atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) analyses verified a dose-dependent Pb accumulation in the CP. Importantly, Cu concentrations in the CSF displayed a Pb dose-dependent increase as compared to controls. IHC data further revealed an altered ARF1 expression in the choroidal epithelia in chronic Pb exposed animals. Further knocking down ARF1 expression in choroidal epithelial Z310 cells using in vitro Arf1-targeting siRNA transfection approach revealed a decreased Cu level in cells, suggesting a critical role of ARF1 in cellular Cu regulation. In choroidal epithelial cells exposed to Pb in culture medium, a down-regulated ARF1 expression partly reversed Pb-induced Cu overload. Taken together, this study provides first-hand evidence to support the presence of ARF1 in the blood-CSF barrier. Further, our data demonstrate that Pb exposure causes Cu overload in the CSF, which is likely mediated by an altered expression of ARF1 in the blood-CSF barrier.
Neutron Scattering Studies of spin excitations in hole-doped Ba0.67K0.33Fe2As2 superconductor
Creators: name: Zhang, Chenglin
name: Wang, Meng
name: Luo, Huiqian
name: Wang, Miaoyin
name: Liu, Mengshu
name: Zhao, Jun
name: Abernathy, D. L.
name: Maier, T. A.
name: Marty, Karol
name: Lumsden, M. D.
name: Chi, Songxue
name: Chang, Sung
name: Rodriguez-Rivera, Jose A.
name: Lynn, J. W.
name: Xiang, Tao
name: Hu, Jiangping
name: Dai, Pengcheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report inelastic neutron scattering experiments on single crystals of superconducting Ba0.67K0.33Fe2As2 (Tc = 38 K). In addition to confirming the resonance previously found in powder samples, we find that spin excitations in the normal state form longitudinally elongated ellipses along the QAFM direction in momentum space, consistent with density functional theory predictions. On cooling below Tc, while the resonance preserves its momentum anisotropy as expected, spin excitations at energies below the resonance become essentially isotropic in the in-plane momentum space and dramatically increase their correlation length. These results suggest that the superconducting gap structures in Ba0.67Ka0.33Fe2As2 are more complicated than those suggested from angle resolved photoemission experiments.
Additional file 1 of Clinical effectiveness of patellar resurfacing, no resurfacing and selective resurfacing in primary total knee replacement: systematic review and meta-analysis of interventional and observational evidence
Creators: name: Grela, Michal
name: Barrett, Matthew
name: Kunutsor, Setor K.
name: Blom, Ashley W.
name: Whitehouse, Michael R.
name: Matharu, Gulraj S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Material 1: PRISMA checklist. Supplementary Material 2. MOOSE checklist. Supplementary Material 3. Literature search strategy. Supplementary Material 4. Reference list of studies. Supplementary Material 5. Risk of bias assessment for randomised controlled trials. Supplementary Material 6. Baseline characteristics of observational studies. Supplementary Material 7. NOS scores for observational studies. Supplementary Material 8. Risk of anterior knee pain comparing patellar resurfacing with no resurfacing, by study-level characteristics. Supplementary Material 9. Patellar resurfacing versus no resurfacing and KOOS scale. Supplementary Material 10. Patellar resurfacing versus no resurfacing and range of movement. Supplementary Material 11. Patellar resurfacing versus no resurfacing and other measures of function. Supplementary Material 12. Patellar resurfacing versus no resurfacing and measures of pain. Supplementary Material 13. Patellar resurfacing versus no resurfacing and measures of health status, satisfaction, and quality of life. Supplementary Material 14. Patellar resurfacing versus no resurfacing and overall satisfaction. Supplementary Material 15. Funnel plots for risk of anterior knee pain, reoperations and revisions. Supplementary Material 16. Risk of revision, complications and pain comparing selective resurfacing with no resurfacing in observational cohort studies. Supplementary Material 17. Risk of revision, complications and pain comparing selective resurfacing with resurfacing in observational cohort studies. Supplementary Material 18. Selective resurfacing versus non-resurfacing and measures of function and pain in observational cohort studies. Supplementary Material 19. GRADE summary of findings.
A Multiple Streams Approach to Bioterrorism Policy
Creators: name: Reeder, Craig
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2012

description: Bioterrorism is not a new phenomenon and the issues that surround bioterrorism are complex. This paper focuses on the history of bioterrorism, its current threat in public view, and then applying a theory in which explains how those problems became issues in government. The paper starts by examining a historical account of bioterrorism. The history serves a purpose to discuss the ongoing developments and struggles of drafting legislation for an ongoing problem.
After a discussion of bioterrorism from a historical perspective, the paper examines the current threat or state of bioterrorism. This will lead into a discussion about John Kingdon’s Multiple Streams Theory and its application to bioterrorism policy. After a discussion about the theory, it will be applied to the Clinton, Bush, and Obama administrations. This application will show that bioterrorism a complex issue and legislation surrounding bioterrorism is as equally as convoluted.
Standard Cosmology Delayed
Creators: name: Choudhury, Debajyoti
name: Ghoshal, Debashis
name: Sen, Anjan Ananda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The introduction of a delay in the Friedmann equation of cosmological evolution is shown to result in the very early universe undergoing the necessary accelerated expansion in the usual radiation (or matter) dominated phase. Occurring even without a violation of the strong energy condition, this expansion slows down naturally to go over to the decelerated phase, namely the standard Hubble expansion. This may obviate the need for a scalar field driven inflationary epoch.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, Revised with more elaborate discussions. Accepted for publication in JCAP
On the Reduction of Broadcast Traffic in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
Creators: name: Shukla, Ashish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many mobile ad hoc network protocols use simple flooding, in order to adapt to changes in time varying network topology. Most of the times, a network-wide flood results in redundant packets and increases network congestion, probability of packet collision, low utilization of available bandwidth, and most important, higher power consumption. In this paper, we propose a new cross-layer broadcast scheme to minimize broadcast traffic in mobile ad hoc networks. Our scheme is based on use of received signal strength indicator, RSSI, value to reduce the number of broadcast packets. The effectiveness of the proposed technique is verified using simulations.
description: This paper has been withdrawn as it's available as part of IEEE WICOM 2007 proceedings from IEEExplore
Communicative Language Teaching: The Cornerstone of Second Language Acquisition
Creators: name: Fischback, Sierra
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2012

description: This portfolio is comprised of a compilation of papers written by the author while completing the Master of Second Language Teaching (MSLT) program at Utah State University. The focus of the portfolio is a teaching philosophy outlining the author’s beliefs on how to foster effective language teaching in the university foreign language classroom. Included as well are artifacts addressing coping with culture shock, effective forms of language learning, and reading in foreign language literature courses. These artifacts were chosen to reflect important areas of language teaching that have affected the author’s teaching philosophy. Finally, the author has incorporated an annotated bibliography of books and articles that have impacted the author’s attitudes and opinions towards effective foreign language teaching.
Enforcement of Comprehensive Background Check and Related Policies
Creators: name: Webster, Daniel
name: Kagawa, Rose
name: Cahill, Meagan
name: Kwong, Alex
name: Morral, Andrew
name: McCourt, Alexander
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Legal Studies
subject: Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Criminology and Criminal Justice
subject: Public Policy

description: This study will describe variation in the enforcement of comprehensive background check and related policies across states and time using prosecution data for a subset of states.
Socio-economic and demographic disparities in ownership and use of insecticide-treated bed nets for preventing malaria among rural reproductive-aged women in northern Ghana
Creators: name: Kanmiki, Edmund Wedam
name: Awoonor-Williams, John Koku
name: Phillips, James F.
name: Kachur, S. Patrick
name: Achana, Sabastian F.
name: Akazili, James
name: Bawah, Ayaga A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Insecticide-treated mosquito nets
Malaria--Prevention
Malaria--Economic aspects
Rural conditions
Women--Health and hygiene

description: Background
Malaria continues to be a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in most countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. Insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) is one of the cost-effective interventions for preventing malaria in endemic settings. Ghana has made tremendous efforts to ensure widespread ownership and use of ITNs. However, national coverage statistics can mask important inequities that demand targeted attention. This study assesses the disparities in ownership and utilization of ITNs among reproductive-aged women in a rural impoverished setting of Ghana.

Methods
Population-based cross-sectional data of 3,993 women between the age of 15 and 49 years were collected in seven districts of the Upper East region of Ghana using a two-stage cluster sampling approach. Bivariate and multivariate regression models were used to assess the social, economic and demographic disparities in ownership and utilization of ITN and to compare utilization rates among women in households owning at least one ITN.

Results
As high as 79% of respondents were found to own ITN while 62% of ITN owners used them the night preceding the survey. We identified disparities in both ownership and utilization of ITNs in wealth index, occupational status, religion, and district of residence. Respondents in the relative richest wealth quintile were 74% more likely to own ITNs compared to those in the poorest quintile (p-value< 0.001, CI = 1.29–2.34) however, they were 33% less likely to use ITNs compared to the poorest (p-value = 0.01, CI = 0.50–0.91).

Conclusion
Interventions aimed at preventing and controlling malaria through the use of bed nets in rural Ghana and other similar settings should give more attention to disadvantage populations such as the poor and unemployed. Tailored massages and educational campaigns are required to ensure consistent use of treated bed nets.
Globus Pallidum DBS for Task-Specific Dystonia Symptoms in a Professional Golfer
Creators: name: Shukla, Aparna Wagle
name: Hu, Wei
name: Jabarkheel, Zakia
name: Shah, Syed
name: Legacy, Joseph
name: Firth, Kamilia Nozile
name: Zeilman, Pam R.
name: Foote, Kelly D.
name: Okun, Michael S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Neurology
Brain stimulation--Therapeutic use
Globus pallidus
Dystonia
Golfers--Health and hygiene

description: Task-specific dystonias are focal dystonias presenting in body parts engaged in highly skilled or overlearned tasks involving repetitive actions and overuse of muscles. These tasks commonly include playing musical instruments, writing, typing, and sports. Although the neck is the most frequent body region involved in focal dystonia, task-specific cervical dystonia has only been rarely reported in literature. These case reports were observed to be in relation to frequent cradling of a phone to the right ear (muscles engaged in tilting of neck involved), chronic sledgehammer use (shoulder muscles), chronic heavy lifting (shoulder muscles), and in one report the patient had bilateral arm amputation and used the mouth for holding and the neck for stabilizing during many motor activities. These patients were treated with botulinum toxin injections, with only two of them reporting mild to moderate improvement. We describe task-specific dystonia symptoms (predominantly cervical) in a professional golfer who quit his career due to disabling symptoms but improved remarkably with deep brain stimulation (DBS) therapy.
On the recurrence and robust properties of Lorenz'63 model
Creators: name: Gianfelice, Michele
name: Maimone, Filippo
name: Pelino, Vinicio
name: Vaienti, Sandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: XX-37

description: Lie-Poisson structure of the Lorenz'63 system gives a physical insight on its dynamical and statistical behavior considering the evolution of the associated Casimir functions. We study the invariant density and other recurrence features of a Markov expanding Lorenz-like map of the interval arising in the analysis of the predictability of the extreme values reached by particular physical observables evolving in time under the Lorenz'63 dynamics with the classical set of parameters. Moreover, we prove the statistical stability of such an invariant measure. This will allow us to further characterize the SRB measure of the system.
description: 44 pages, 7 figures, revised version accepted for pubblication
Additional file 1 of Health status and associated factors of middle-aged and older adult cancer survivors in India: results from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India
Creators: name: Guntupalli, Aravinda Meera
name: Selvamani, Y.
name: Maclennan, Sara J.
name: Dilip, T. R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Fig. 1. Percentage distribution of type of cancer reported by the cancer survivors aged 45 years and above in India, 2017–18. Supplementary Fig. 2. Percentage distribution of cancer survivors who have been treated for cancer in the last two years from the date of the survey. Supplementary Table 1. Descriptive statistics of the health status variables. Supplementary Table 2. The mean and median age of diagnosis of cancer by the region of residence. Supplementary Table 3. Health status, life satisfaction and hospitalisation of cancer survivors aged 45 and above in India, LASI Wave 1, 2017–18.
The Rich Structure of Gauss-Bonnet Holographic Superconductors
Creators: name: Barclay, Luke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study fully backreacting, Gauss-Bonnet (GB) holographic superconductors in 5 bulk spacetime dimensions. We explore the system's dependence on the scalar mass for both positive and negative GB coupling, $α$. We find that when the mass approaches the Breitenlohner-Freedman (BF) bound and $α\rightarrow L^2/4$ the effect of backreaction is to increase the critical temperature, $T_c$, of the system: the opposite of its effect in the rest of parameter space. We also find that reducing $α$ below zero increases $T_c$ and that the effect of backreaction is diminished. We study the zero temperature limit, proving that this system does not permit regular solutions for a non-trivial, tachyonic scalar field and constrain possible solutions for fields with positive masses. We investigate singular, zero temperature solutions in the Einstein limit but find them to be incompatible with the concept of GB gravity being a perturbative expansion of Einstein gravity. We study the conductivity of the system, finding that the inclusion of backreaction hinders the development of poles in the conductivity that are associated with quasi-normal modes approaching the real axis from elsewhere in the complex plane.
description: 26 pages, 11 figures, V3, Added discussion of non-tachyonic scalars, alterations to figures and text
Manifestation & Suppression - Longitudinal Study - Addendum 4.26.2023
Creators: name: Arnett, Rachel
name: Lee, Serenity Sai-Lai
name: Keana Richards
name: Hewlin, Patricia
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Business
subject: Organizational Behavior and Theory

description: Arnett, R., Lee, S., Richards, K., & Hewlin, P. (2023, April 5). Manifestation & Suppression - Longitudinal Study. Retrieved from https://osf.io/qd9t6