cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Kinetic microtearing modes and reconnecting modes in strongly magnetised slab plasmas
Creators: name: Zocco, A
name: Loureiro, N F
name: Dickinson, D
name: Numata, R
name: Roach, C M
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of the linear microtearing mode in a slab magnetised plasma, and its connection to kinetic reconnecting modes, is addressed. Electrons are described using a novel hybrid fluid-kinetic model that captures electron heating, ions are gyrokinetic. Magnetic reconnection can occur as a result of either electron conductivity and inertia, depending on which one predominates. We eschew the use of an energy dependent collision frequency in the collisional operator model, unlike previous works. A model of the electron conductivity that matches the weakly collisional regime to the exact Landau result at zero collisionality and gives the correct electron isothermal response far from the reconnection region is presented. We identify in the breaking of the constant-$A_{\parallel}$ approximation the necessary condition for microtearing instability in the collisional regime. Connections with the theory of collisional non-isothermal (or semicollisional) and collisionless tearing-parity electron temperature gradient driven (ETG) modes are elucidated.
description: Submitted for publication
Additional file 1 of Barriers, facilitators, perceptions and impact of interventions in implementing antimicrobial stewardship programs in hospitals of low-middle and middle countries: a scoping review
Creators: name: Harun, Md. Golam Dostogir
name: Sumon, Shariful Amin
name: Hasan, Istiaque
name: Akther, Fairoze Masuda
name: Islam, Md. Saiful
name: Anwar, Md. Mahabub Ul
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Appendix 1. Search strategy.
An educational program to prompt human papilloma virus vaccine uptake intent in Syrian-American females to prevent cervical cancer
Creators: name: Hannawi, Nada
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2019

description: Purpose: Globally, there is minimal literature on the knowledge, awareness, and uptake of the human papilloma virus vaccine and cervical cancer prevention. Specifically, in the Syrian-American female community residing in the United States, there is no research done on knowledge, awareness, and human papilloma virus vaccine intent uptake. The purpose of this project was to develop and implement an educational program on cervical cancer prevention in the Syrian-American female community to increase knowledge and vaccine intent uptake. Methodology: It includes a 1-hour community based educational session on the human papilloma virus, risks, cervical cancer prevention, HPV vaccination and recommendations. It was followed by a 30-minute open forum discussion as a question-answer strategy teach back method. Results: 32 women between the ages of 18-26 participated. Mean scores increased and reached level of significance p<0.0015. The themes included fear and side effects, benefit, lack of knowledge, doctors and parents. Implications for Practice: The overall project supports the major influence of providers providing evidenced based information, in the patient’s knowledge and decision for intent to vaccinate.
The usage of Kahoot! during activities for schools about physics
Creators: name: Di Blasi, Massimiliano
name: De Angelis, Ilaria
name: Postiglione, Adriana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transition of many educational activities from in-presence to online, due to the Covid-19 emergency, has caused various difficulties to students, especially with regards to maintaining concentration. Even and especially in online mode, it is thus important to pay attention to the interaction with participants. In this context, the Department of Mathematics and Physics of Roma Tre University has proposed a series of activities dedicated to schools that have proven to be able to guarantee the engagement of the participants, also thanks to the game-based learning platform Kahoot!.
Estimating the Intrinsic Dimension of Hyperspectral Images Using an Eigen-Gap Approach
Creators: name: Halimi, A.
name: Honeine, P.
name: Kharouf, M.
name: Richard, C.
name: Tourneret, J. -Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Linear mixture models are commonly used to represent hyperspectral datacube as a linear combinations of endmember spectra. However, determining of the number of endmembers for images embedded in noise is a crucial task. This paper proposes a fully automatic approach for estimating the number of endmembers in hyperspectral images. The estimation is based on recent results of random matrix theory related to the so-called spiked population model. More precisely, we study the gap between successive eigenvalues of the sample covariance matrix constructed from high dimensional noisy samples. The resulting estimation strategy is unsupervised and robust to correlated noise. This strategy is validated on both synthetic and real images. The experimental results are very promising and show the accuracy of this algorithm with respect to state-of-the-art algorithms.
description: 21 pages, 4 figures and 4 tables
Entropic Dynamics: from Entropy and Information Geometry to Hamiltonians and Quantum Mechanics
Creators: name: Caticha, Ariel
name: Bartolomeo, Daniel
name: Reginatto, Marcel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entropic Dynamics is a framework in which quantum theory is derived as an application of entropic methods of inference. There is no underlying action principle. Instead, the dynamics is driven by entropy subject to the appropriate constraints. In this paper we show how a Hamiltonian dynamics arises as a type of non-dissipative entropic dynamics. We also show that the particular form of the "quantum potential" that leads to the Schroedinger equation follows naturally from information geometry.
description: 11 pages. Presented at MaxEnt 2014, the 34th International Workshop on Bayesian Inference and Maximum Entropy Methods in Science and Engineering (September 21-26, 2014, Amboise, France)
Scientific value of the quantum tests of equivalence principle in light of Hilbert's sixth problem
Creators: name: Majhi, Abhishek
name: Sardar, Gopal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In his sixth problem, Hilbert called for an axiomatic approach to theoretical physics with an aim to achieve precision and rigour in scientific reasoning, where logic and language (semantics) of physics play the pivotal role. It is from such a point of view, we investigate the scientific value of the modern experiments to perform quantum tests of equivalence principle. Determination of Planck constant involves the use of acceleration due to gravity of the earth $(g)$ that results in the force on a test mass. The equivalence between inertial mass and gravitational mass of a test object is assumed in the process of logically defining $g$ from the relevant hypotheses of physics. Consequently, if Planck constant is used as input in any experiment (or in the associated theory that founds such an experiment) that is designed to test the equivalence between inertial and gravitational mass, then it is equivalent to establish a scientific truth by implicitly assuming it i.e. a tautology. There are several notable examples which plague the frontiers of current scientific research which claim to make quantum test of equivalence principle. We question the scientific value of such experiments from Hilbert's axiomatic point of view. This work adds to the recently reported semantic obstacle in any axiomatic attempt to put "quantum" and "gravity" together, albeit with an experimental tint.
description: 11 pages
Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment of North Carolina Type 2 Reclaimed Water for Agricultural Reuse
Creators: name:  Sobsey, M.D.
name: Bailey, E.S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: As treated wastewater is increasingly used for agricultural purposes; questions remain about the microbiological quality of produce irrigated by these waters. This study conducted a quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) using microbial data collected from North Carolina Type 2 reclaimed waters, which have been proposed as supplemental irrigation waters. Reclaimed waters were collected from four different water reclamation facilities located in central North Carolina and evaluated for five representative pathogens from the three groups of microorganisms (bacteria, virus, and protozoan parasites). Using these data, produce consumption scenarios were evaluated using a variety of irrigation techniques, including spray irrigation, drip irrigation, and subsurface drip irrigation, and the disability adjusted life years (DALYs) that result from illness by each pathogen as a result of produce consumption were compared to the acceptable level set by the World Health Organization. Based on the types of crop irrigation examined in this study using NC Type 2 reclaimed water, there were irrigation conditions and certain pathogens for which the annual risk of infection was not always reduced below the acceptable DALY risk level of <1 × 10−6 set by the WHO. The risks of viral infection by adenoviruses groups A–F were below the acceptable risk level; however, for Salmonella spp., Cryptosporidium, and Giardia, the annual risk of infection was sometimes greater than would be considered acceptable.
Additional file 1 of Evaluating density-weighted connectivity of black bears (Ursus americanus) in Glacier National Park with spatial capture–recapture models
Creators: name: Carroll, Sarah L.
name: Schmidt, Greta M.
name: Waller, John S.
name: Graves, Tabitha A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Details of spatial covariate data used for parameter estimation in spatial capture-recapture models for male and female black bears in Glacier National Park.
Examining the Benefits of Boundary Layer Ingestion on Powered Bodies
Creators: name: Mutangara, N.E.
name: Moirou, N. G.
name: Sanders, D. S.
name: Laskaridis, P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: 57th 3AF International Conference on Applied Aerodynamics (AERO2023), Bordeaux, France, 29-31 March 2023
FEATURES OF SPORTS SELECTION OF GIRLS FOR INITIAL TRAINING GROUPS IN GYMNASTICS
Creators: name: Khankeldiev, Sher
name: Khudieva, Sabina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The problem of developing the motor abilities of gymnasts over the years not only does not lose its relevance, but also raises new questions that need to be solved using modern scientific methods, in accordance with the trends and prospects for the development of world gymnastics.
Modulation of the high-order chromatin structure by Polycomb complexes
Creators: name: Guo, Y.
name:  Wang, G.G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: The multi-subunit Polycomb Repressive Complex (PRC) 1 and 2 act, either independently or synergistically, to maintain and enforce a repressive state of the target chromatin, thereby regulating the processes of cell lineage specification and organismal development. In recent years, deep sequencing-based and imaging-based technologies, especially those tailored for mapping three-dimensional (3D) chromatin organization and structure, have allowed a better understanding of the PRC complex-mediated long-range chromatin contacts and DNA looping. In this review, we review current advances as for how Polycomb complexes function to modulate and help define the high-order chromatin structure and topology, highlighting the multi-faceted roles of Polycomb proteins in gene and genome regulation.
Single-Valley Engineering in Graphene Superlattices
Creators: name: Ren, Yafei
name: Deng, Xinzhou
name: Li, Changsheng
name: Jung, Jeil
name: Zeng, Changgan
name: Zhang, Zhenyu
name: Niu, Qian
name: Qiao, Zhenhua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The two inequivalent valleys in graphene preclude the protection against inter-valley scattering offered by an odd-number of Dirac cones characteristic of Z2 topological insulator phases. Here we propose a way to engineer a chiral single-valley metallic phase with quadratic crossover in a honeycomb lattice through tailored \sqrt{3}N *\sqrt{3}N or 3N *3N superlattices. The possibility of tuning valley-polarization via pseudo-Zeeman field and the emergence of Dresselhaus-type valley-orbit coupling are proposed in adatom decorated graphene superlattices. Such valley manipulation mechanisms and metallic phase can also find applications in honeycomb photonic crystals.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures + supplemental materials
Neurobehavioral phenotype of Kabuki syndrome: Anxiety is a common feature
Creators: name: Kalinousky, A.J.
name: Johnson, J.
name: Hijazi, H.
name: Harris, J.R.
name: Rapp, T.
name: Bjornsson, H.T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Kabuki syndrome (KS) is a Mendelian Disorder of the Epigenetic Machinery (MDEM) caused by loss of function variants in either of two genes involved in the regulation of histone methylation, KMT2D (34–76%) or KDM6A (9–13%). Previously, representative neurobehavioral deficits of KS were recapitulated in a mouse model, emphasizing the role of KMT2D in brain development, specifically in ongoing hippocampal neurogenesis in the granule cell layer of the dentate gyrus. Interestingly, anxiety, a phenotype that has a known association with decreased hippocampal neurogenesis, has been anecdotally reported in individuals with KS. In this study, anxiety and behavior were assessed in a cohort of 60 individuals with molecularly confirmed KS and 25 unaffected biological siblings, via questionnaires (SCARED/GAS-ID and CBCL/ABCL). Participant age ranged from 4 to 43 years old, with 88.3% of participants having a pathogenic variant in KMT2D, and the rest having variants in KDM6A. In addition, data was collected on adaptive function and positive affect/quality of life in participants with KS using appropriate online surveys including ABAS-III and PROMIS Positive Affect. Survey scores were compared within the KS participants across age groups and between KS participants and their unaffected siblings. We found that children with KS have significantly higher anxiety scores and total behavior problem scores than their unaffected siblings (p = 0.0225, p < 0.0001). Moreover, a large proportion of affected individuals (22.2% of children and 60.0% of adults) surpassed the established threshold for anxiety; this may even be an underestimate given many patients are already treated for anxiety. In this sample, anxiety levels did not correlate with level of cognitive or adaptive function in any KS participants, but negatively correlated with positive affect in children with KS (p = 0.0005). These findings indicate that anxiety is a common neurobehavioral feature of KS. Providers should therefore carefully screen individuals with KS for anxiety as well as other behavioral issues in order to allow for prompt intervention. Neurobehavioral anxiety measures may also prove to be important outcome measures for clinical trials in KS.
Exploring the impact of a workplace intervention: the Code Lavender initiative
Creators: name: Pasquarella, Loretta
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2019

description: Purpose: The point of this research study is to gain insight into a nurse’s experience with a workplace initiative, Code Lavender, designed to provide a supportive environment where the nurse feels overwhelmed by the day’s events.Design: A qualitative descriptive design. Methods: To obtain registered nurses’ perception of this workplace initiative, semi-structured interviews were conducted. The interviews took place within 48 to 120 hours after the participant had experienced the Code Lavender intervention. These one-time, in-person interviews lasted approximately 10 to 25 minutes.Results: This study identified elements that could provide rich information for the future development of workplace interventions, such as Code Lavender for registered nurses. Data analysis yielded three themes, each of which addressed the research question: What are clinical RN’s perspective regarding the Code Lavender experience? Feelings of Transformation was the overarching theme experienced by all eight participates. Nurses spoke about getting back to work and being able to function effectively despite feelings of workplace stress and anxiety even while participating in Code Lavender. Explored were the work-related influences that initiated the Code Lavender and the influence that the Code Lavender had on the nurses post intervention. Also discussed were recommendations and elements for future workplace interventions. Clinical Relevance: Currently, there is no published empirical research on the Code Lavender initiative and its impact on hospital-based registered nurses. Therefore, nurses’ description of their experience provided current insight into the impact that a workplace initiative with integrative modalities had on workplace stressors.
Tomographic imaging of microvasculature with a purpose-designed, polymeric X-ray contrast agent
Creators: name: Kuo, Willy
name: Le, Ngoc An
name: Spingler, Bernhard
name: Schulz, Georg
name: Müller, Bert
name: Kurtcuoglu, Vartan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Imaging of microvasculature is primarily performed with X-ray contrast agents, owing to the wide availability of absorption-contrast laboratory source microCT compared to phase contrast capable devices. Standard commercial contrast agents used in angiography are not suitable for high-resolution imaging ex vivo, however, as they are small molecular compounds capable of diffusing through blood vessel walls within minutes. Large nanoparticle-based blood pool contrast agents on the other hand exhibit problems with aggregation, resulting in clogging in the smallest blood vessels. Injection with solidifying plastic resins has, therefore, remained the gold standard for microvascular imaging, despite the considerable amount of training and optimization needed to properly perfuse the viscous compounds. Even with optimization, frequent gas and water inclusions commonly result in interrupted vessel segments. This lack of suitable compounds has led us to develop the polymeric, cross-linkable X-ray contrast agent XlinCA. As a water-soluble organic molecule, aggregation and inclusions are inherently avoided. High molecular weight allows it to be retained even in the highly fenestrated vasculature of the kidney filtration system. It can be covalently crosslinked using the same aldehydes used in tissue fixation protocols, leading to stable and permanent contrast. These properties allowed us to image whole mice and individual organs in 6 to 12-month-old C57BL/6J mice without requiring lengthy optimizations of injection rates and pressures, while at the same time achieving greatly improved filling of the vasculature compared to resin-based vascular casting. This work aims at illuminating the rationales, processes and challenges involved in creating this recently developed contrast agent.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Analytic results for the Anderson Impurity Model
Creators: name: Pandis, Vassilis
name: Hewson, Alex C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the Renormalised Perturbation Theory (RPT) the Anderson impurity model is interpreted in terms of renormalised parameters $\boldsymbol{\tildeμ}= (\tildeε_d, \tildeΔ, \tilde{U})$ which are in a one-to-one correspondence with the bare impurity level $ε_d$, hybridisation $Δ$ and on-site interaction $U$. Though the renormalised parameters suffice to describe the low-energy fixed point of the model, the parameters themselves usually have to be determined using the Numerical Renormalisation Group. In this paper we address this issue by applying the flow equation method to the particle-hole symmetric model to derive a system of differential equations for $ \textrm{d}\boldsymbol{\tildeμ}/ \textrm{d} U$. To leading order in $\tilde{U}$ this assumes a particularly simple form, permitting its analytic solution in this approximation. We find that our results for the renormalised parameters are in good agreement with the NRG and use them to calculate the Wilson ratio, spin susceptibility and conductance of the impurity.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
The collaborative cross strains and their founders vary widely in cocaine-induced behavioral sensitization
Creators: name: Olson, A.
name: Schoenrock, S.A.
name: Sukoff Rizzo, S.J.
name: Chesler, E.J.
name: He, H.
name: Philip, V.M.
name: Reinholdt, L.G.
name: Gagnon, L.
name: Tarantino, L.M.
name: Jentsch, J.D.
name: Leonardo, M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Cocaine use and overdose deaths attributed to cocaine have increased significantly in the United States in the last 10 years. Despite the prevalence of cocaine use disorder (CUD) and the personal and societal problems it presents, there are currently no approved pharmaceutical treatments. The absence of treatment options is due, in part, to our lack of knowledge about the etiology of CUDs. There is ample evidence that genetics plays a role in increasing CUD risk but thus far, very few risk genes have been identified in human studies. Genetic studies in mice have been extremely useful for identifying genetic loci and genes, but have been limited to very few genetic backgrounds, leaving substantial phenotypic, and genetic diversity unexplored. Herein we report the measurement of cocaine-induced behavioral sensitization using a 19-day protocol that captures baseline locomotor activity, initial locomotor response to an acute exposure to cocaine and locomotor sensitization across 5 exposures to the drug. These behaviors were measured in 51 genetically diverse Collaborative Cross (CC) strains along with their inbred founder strains. The CC was generated by crossing eight genetically diverse inbred strains such that each inbred CC strain has genetic contributions from each of the founder strains. Inbred CC mice are infinitely reproducible and provide a stable, yet diverse genetic platform on which to study the genetic architecture and genetic correlations among phenotypes. We have identified significant differences in cocaine locomotor sensitivity and behavioral sensitization across the panel of CC strains and their founders. We have established relationships among cocaine sensitization behaviors and identified extreme responding strains that can be used in future studies aimed at understanding the genetic, biological, and pharmacological mechanisms that drive addiction-related behaviors. Finally, we have determined that these behaviors exhibit relatively robust heritability making them amenable to future genetic mapping studies to identify addiction risk genes and genetic pathways that can be studied as potential targets for the development of novel therapeutics.
The Increasing Role of FAIR Data Practices in Biomedical Research
Creators: name: Rocca-Serra, Philippe
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: FAIR
Pharmaceutical Industry
Data Management
FAIR Cookbook
Semantic representation
Reproducibility

description: A presentation highlighting how the `FAIR principles` are influencing the data management practice in the pharmaceutical industry. Starting with the experience gained by the Pistoia Alliance, stressing the importance of pre-competitive initiatives, the IMI FAIRplus project is then introduced along with the `FAIR Cookbook`, which aims to become a reference compendium of protocols and practices guiding the implementation of the FAIR principles. This is framed in the general context of generating high-quality data supported by high-quality metadata/descriptors to ensure reproducibility and reusability. For illustrative purpose, an example of FAIR Cookbook recipe is provided, showing how the semantics of a data matrix is completely clarified, moving from a standalone excel file to a doi-identified linked data knowledge graph.
description: {"references": ["https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-019-0286-0"]}
The impact of COVID-19 on the mental health of pregnant women in Shanghai, China
Creators: name: Yi, C.
name: Tang, W.
name: Xu, L.
name: Yuan, H.
name: Zhang, J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Background: COVID-19 has dramatically impacted people's health, especially mental health. This study aimed to compare the psychological status of pregnant women before and after the COVID-19 outbreak. Methods: Participants were recruited (from September 29, 2019, to November 5, 2020) and screened by the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7). The study participants were categorized into three groups based on two turning-points: January 23, 2020, when China initiated a locked-down strategy, and May 11, 2020, when Shanghai started to ease the COVID-19 measures. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the factors associated with depression and anxiety in pregnant women. We used enter method for variable selection; only variables with P <0.10 were included in the final model. Results: We recruited 478 pregnant women. After the outbreak, the depression rate (PHQ-9 ≥ 5) increased by 12.3% (from 35.4 to 47.7%), and the anxiety rate (GAD-7 ≥ 5) was stable (13.3 vs. 16.2%). The multivariable logistic regression results further confirmed that the odds of depression in pregnant women increased 81% after the outbreak (aOR = 1.81, 95%CI: 1.16–2.84). However, the median depression scale score was still statistically higher after the pandemic situation was stable (5.0 vs. 4.0) compared to the outbreak period. Conclusion: The depression rate increased among pregnant women after the outbreak and was not recovered after the ease of COVID-19 measures in Shanghai. Health institutes should pay attention to the long-term influence of the pandemic.
Search strategies- Guidelines for clozapine treatment in resistant schizophrenia.
Creators: name: González Pérez, Geomara Leticia
name: Ortiz, Diomaris
name: Ponce, Francis
name: Espinoza, Jhon
name: SALAVARRIA FLORES, KARLA DANIELA
name: Freire, Estefania
name: Hinojosa Calero, Michael Ariel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 320221
subject: Psychiatry (incl. psychotherapy)

description: Clozapine is a molecule that acts as an antagonist in multiple neurotransmission systems, dopaminergic, adrenergic, cholinergic, histaminergic, and serotonergic, and whose use can only be suggested by a trained professional who, following a protocol, takes into account the following indications for the prescription: Clozapine can used in patients with Schizophrenia resistant to traditional antipsychotics; patients with Schizophrenia who do not tolerate adverse effects of other antipsychotics; patients with psychosis due to Parkinson's disease resistant to other drugs and in patients with Schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder with recurrent suicidal behavior. Likewise, the guidelines for the use of Clozapine also establish the following measures: Before starting treatment with Clozapine, the patient and his family must be provided with adequate information, answer their questions and request consent for the use of the drug; it requires that the patient and his family be able to commit both to taking the medication regularly and to blood tests, being as the use of this medication can cause the following complications: severe neutropenia that can evolve into agranulocytosis, serious infections, myocarditis, weight gain, Clozapine-induced insulin resistance, and epilepsy. For last, the efficacy and safety of the use of Clozapine in children under 16 have not been established.
Additional file 2 of Evaluating density-weighted connectivity of black bears (Ursus americanus) in Glacier National Park with spatial capture–recapture models
Creators: name: Carroll, Sarah L.
name: Schmidt, Greta M.
name: Waller, John S.
name: Graves, Tabitha A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2. Detection probabilities and comprehensive model selection results for multi-stage spatial capture-recapture ecological distance models for male and female black bears in Glacier National Park.
Post-Train Adaptive U-Net for Image Segmentation
Creators: name: Khabarlak, Kostiantyn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Typical neural network architectures used for image segmentation cannot be changed without further training. This is quite limiting as the network might not only be executed on a powerful server, but also on a mobile or edge device. Adaptive neural networks offer a solution to the problem by allowing certain adaptivity after the training process is complete. In this work for the first time, we apply Post-Train Adaptive (PTA) approach to the task of image segmentation. We introduce U-Net+PTA neural network, which can be trained once, and then adapted to different device performance categories. The two key components of the approach are PTA blocks and PTA-sampling training strategy. The post-train configuration can be done at runtime on any inference device including mobile. Also, the PTA approach has allowed to improve image segmentation Dice score on the CamVid dataset. The final trained model can be switched at runtime between 6 PTA configurations, which differ by inference time and quality. Importantly, all of the configurations have better quality than the original U-Net (No PTA) model.
Measurements of $ep \to e^\prime π^+n$ at W = 1.6 - 2.0 GeV and extraction of nucleon resonance electrocouplings at CLAS
Creators: name: Park, K.
name: Aznauryan, I. G.
name: Burkert, V. D.
name: collaboration, the CLAS
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Differential cross sections of the exclusive process $e p \to e^\prime π^+ n$ were measured with good precision in the range of the photon virtuality $Q^2 = 1.8 - 4.5$ GeV$^2$, and the invariant mass range of the $π^+ n$ final state W = 1.6 - 2.0 GeV using the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer. Data were collected with nearly complete coverage in the azimuthal and polar angles of the $nπ^+$ center-of-mass system. More than 37,000 cross section points were measured. The contributions of the isospin $I = {1\over 2}$ resonances $N(1675){5\over 2}^-$, $N(1680){5\over 2}^+$ and $N(1710){1\over 2}^+$ were extracted at different values of $Q^2$ using a single-channel, energy-dependent resonance amplitude analysis. Two different approaches, the unitary isobar model and the fixed-$t$ dispersion relations, were employed in the analysis. We observe significant strength of the $N(1675){5\over 2}^-$ in the $A_{1/2}$ amplitude, which is in strong disagreement with quark models that predict both transverse amplitudes to be strongly suppressed. For the $N(1680){5\over 2}^+$ we observe a slow changeover from the dominance of the $A_{3/2}$ amplitude at the real photon point ($Q^2=0$) to a $Q^2$ where $A_{1/2}$ begins to dominate. The scalar amplitude $S_{1/2}$ drops rapidly with $Q^2$ consistent with quark model prediction. For the $N(1710){1\over 2}^+$ resonance our analysis shows significant strength for the $A_{1/2}$ amplitude at $Q^2 < 2.5$ GeV$^2$.
description: 24 pages, 22 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:0709.1946
Additional file 1 of Correlation between sarcopenia and esophageal cancer: a narrative review
Creators: name: Li, Shenglan
name: Xie, Kaiqiang
name: Xiao, Xiaoxiong
name: Xu, Pingsheng
name: Tang, Mimi
name: Li, Dai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. This supplement describes the various parts of the manuscript in detail according to the major sections and topics required by the PRISMA guidelines.
Role of bias voltage and tunneling current in the perpendicular displacements of freestanding graphene via scanning tunneling microscopy
Creators: name: Xu, P.
name: Barber, S. D.
name: Ackerman, M. L.
name: Schoelz, J. K.
name: Thibado, P. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Systematic displacement measurements of freestanding graphene as a function of applied bias voltage and tunneling current setpoint using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) are presented. When the bias voltage is increased the graphene approaches the STM tip, while, on the other hand, when the tunneling current is increased the graphene contracts from the STM tip. To understand the role of the bias voltage, we quantitatively model the attractive force between the tip and the sample using electrostatics. For the tunneling current, we qualitatively model the contraction of the graphene using entropic concepts. These complementary results enhance the understanding of each other and highlight peculiarities of the system.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures
A rapid optical and X-ray timing study of the neutron star X-ray binary Swift J1858.6-0814
Creators: name: Shahbaz, T.
name: Paice, J. A.
name: Rajwade, K. M.
name: Veledina, A.
name: Gandhi., P.
name: Dhillon, V. S.
name: Marsh, T. R.
name: Littlefair, S.
name: Kennedy, M. R.
name: Breton, R. P.
name: Clark, C. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a rapid timing analysis of optical (HiPERCAM and ULTRACAM) and X-ray (NICER) observations of the X-ray transient Swift J1858.6-0814 during 2018 and 2019. The optical light curves show relatively slow, large amplitude (~1 mags in g$_s$) `blue' flares (i.e. stronger at shorter wavelengths) on time-scales of ~minutes as well as fast, small amplitude (~0.1 mag in g$_s$) `red' flares (i.e. stronger at longer wavelengths) on time-scales of ~seconds. The `blue' and `red' flares are consistent with X-ray reprocessing and optically thin synchrotron emission, respectively, similar to what is observed in other X-ray binaries. The simultaneous optical versus soft- and hard-band X-ray light curves show time- and energy dependent correlations. The 2019 March 4 and parts of the June data show a nearly symmetric positive cross correlations (CCFs) at positive lags consistent with simple X-ray disc reprocessing. The soft- and hard-band CCFs are similar and can be reproduced if disc reprocessing dominates in the optical and one component (disc or synchrotron Comptonization) dominates both the soft and hard X-rays. A part of the 2019 June data shows a very different CCFs. The observed positive correlation at negative lag in the soft-band can be reproduced if the optical synchrotron emission is correlated with the hot flow X-ray emission. The observed timing properties are in qualitative agreement with the hybrid inner hot accretion flow model, where the relative role of the different X-ray and optical components that vary during the course of the outburst, as well as on shorter time-scales, govern the shape of the optical/X-ray CCFs.
description: Accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 18 pages, 14 figures
The Observational Status of Cosmic Inflation after Planck
Creators: name: Martin, Jerome
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observational status of inflation after the Planck 2013 and 2015 results and the BICEP2/Keck Array and Planck joint analysis is discussed. These pedagogical lecture notes are intended to serve as a technical guide filling the gap between the theoretical articles on inflation and the experimental works on astrophysical and cosmological data. After a short discussion of the central tenets at the basis of inflation (negative self-gravitating pressure) and its experimental verifications, it reviews how the most recent Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) anisotropy measurements constrain cosmic inflation. The fact that vanilla inflationary models are, so far, preferred by the observations is discussed and the reason why plateau-like potential versions of inflation are favored within this subclass of scenarios is explained. Finally, how well the future measurements, in particular of $B$-Mode CMB polarization or primordial gravity waves, will help to improve our knowledge about inflation is also investigated.
description: 108 pages, 22 figures. Lectures given at the II JPBCosmo school (Brazil)
The genetics of occupational asthma development among workers exposed to diisocyanates: A systematic literature review with meta-analysis
Creators: name: Nylander-French, L.A.
name: Poole, C.
name: McAden, E.P.
name: Word, L.J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Diisocyanates are widely used compounds that pose a safety concern for workers in occupations within the spray-paint, spray-foam insulation, and furniture varnish industries. Epidemiological studies show that only a subset of workers exposed to diisocyanates develop diisocyanate-induced occupational asthma (diisocyanate asthma, DA), indicating that genetic susceptibility may play a role. The purpose of this systematic literature review was to compile and meta-analyze the reported data on genetic susceptibility markers for DA. Three databases (Embase, Pubmed, and Scopus) were searched and 169 non-duplicate publications were identified, of which 22 relevant occupational studies were included in this review. Researchers reported prevalence odds ratios (PORs) for 943 comparisons in 82 different genes/serotypes. Protein network functions for the DA-associated genes from this review include: antigen processing, lymphocyte activation, cytokine production regulation, and response to oxidative stress. Meta-analysis of comparisons between workers with DA and controls was conducted for 23 genetic markers within: CTNNA3, GSTM1, GSTP1, GSTT1, HLA-C, HLA-DQB1, HLA-DR1, HLA-DR3, HLA-DR4, HLA-DR7, and HLA-DR8. These genes code for proteins that are involved in cell-cell adhesions (CTNNA3), glutathione conjugation for xenobiotic metabolism (GST gene family), and immune system response (HLA gene family). The most compelling pooled PORs were for two studies on CTNNA3 (increased DA risk: rs10762058 GG, rs7088181 GG, rs4378283 TT; PORs 4.38–4.97) and three studies on HLA-DR1 (decreased DA risk, POR 0.24). Bioinformatics of the predicted protein pathways for DA shows overlap with biomarker-associated pathways in workers before development of asthma, suggesting overlap in toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic pathways of diisocyanates. The control groups were also compared against each other and differences were negligible. Suggestions for improving future research are also presented. Of the highest importance, the literature was found to be profoundly publication-biased, in which researchers need to report the data for all studied markers regardless of the statistical significance level. We demonstrate the utility of evaluating the overlap in predicted protein pathway functions for identifying more consistency across the reported literature including for asthma research, biomarker research, and in vitro studies. This will serve as an important resource for researchers to use when generating new hypothesis-driven research about diisocyanate toxicology.
Dynamic allostery in substrate binding by human thymidylate synthase
Creators: name: Sapienza, P.J.
name: Bonin, J.P.
name: Lee, A.L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Human thymidylate synthase (hTS) is essential for DNA replication and therefore a therapeutic target for cancer. Effective targeting requires knowledge of the mechanism(s) of regulation of this 72 kDa homodimeric enzyme. Here, we investigate the mechanism of binding cooperativity of the nucleotide substrate. We have employed exquisitely sensitive methyl-based CPMG and CEST NMR experiments enabling us to identify residues undergoing bifurcated linear 3-state exchange, including concerted switching between active and inactive conformations in the apo enzyme. The inactive state is populated to only ~1.3%, indicating that conformational selection contributes negligibly to the cooperativity. Instead, methyl rotation axis order parameters, determined by 2H transverse relaxation rates, suggest that rigidification of the enzyme upon substrate binding is responsible for the entropically-driven cooperativity. Lack of the rigidification in product binding and substrate binding to an N-terminally truncated enzyme, both non-cooperative, support this idea. In addition, the lack of this rigidification in the N-terminal truncation indicates that interactions between the flexible N-terminus and the rest of the protein, which are perturbed by substrate binding, play a significant role in the cooperativity-a novel mechanism of dynamic allostery. Together, these findings yield a rare depth of insight into the substrate binding cooperativity of an essential enzyme.
MPEC 2023-U56 : 2023 UJ
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 UJ

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Modelling grain-size distributions in C-type shocks using a discrete power-law model
Creators: name: Sumpter, Rosie
name: Van Loo, Sven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we discuss the implementation of a discrete, piecewise power-law grain-size distribution method into a numerical multifluid MHD code as described in Sumpter (2020). Such a description allows to capture the full size range of dust grains and their dynamical effects. The only assumptions are that grains within a single discrete bin have the same velocity and charge. We test the implementation by modelling plane-parallel C-type shocks and compare the results with shock models of multispecies grain models. We find that both the discrete and multispecies grain models converge to the same shock profile. However, the convergence for the discrete models is faster than for the multispecies grain models. For the pure advection models a single discrete bin is sufficient, while the multispecies grain models need a minimum of 8 grain species. When including grain sputtering the necessary number of discrete bins increases to 4, as the grain distribution cannot be described by a single power-law as in the advection models. The multispecies grain models still need more grain species to model the distribution, but the number does not increase compared to the pure advection models. Our results show that modelling the grain distribution function using a discrete distribution reduces the computational cost needed to capture the grain physics significantly.
description: 12 pages, 9 Figures, accepted by Astronomy and Computing (2023, Volume 42, article id.100669)
Longer-term impact of COVID-19 among individuals with self-reported eating disorders in the United States, the Netherlands, and Sweden
Creators: name: Watson, H.
name: Peat, C.M.
name: Termorshuizen, J.D.
name: Sun, Q.
name: Birgegård, A.
name: van Furth, E.F.
name: Mantilla, E.F.
name: Borg, S.
name: Bulik, C.M.
name: Thornton, L.M.
name: Goode, R.W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Objective: We assessed eating disorder (ED) illness status, symptomatology, treatment access, anxiety, and depression in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic among individuals with a pre-existing ED in the United States (US), the Netherlands (NL), and Sweden (SE). Methods: Participants completed online surveys in April–July 2020, at the early stage of the pandemic, and one year later. At one-year follow-up, we added questions addressing retrospective changes in ED symptoms, treatment, and anxiety/depression since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. We present descriptive statistics and assess change in ED symptomatology, treatment, and anxiety/depression among those with an active or lingering ED. Results: Participants (US n = 132; NL n = 219; SE n = 702) were mostly young and female with a history of anorexia nervosa (>60% in all three countries). Across countries, respondents reported impact of COVID-19 on ED symptoms at both time points, with improvement in US and NL at one-year follow-up, and stable but less impact on ED symptoms in SE. Furthermore, at one-year follow-up, roughly half of those in treatment reported reduced treatment access and quality, and the majority of the sample reported increased anxiety and depressive mood since the start of the pandemic. Discussion: Our findings suggest that the self-perceived impact of COVID-19 changed over time but remained concerning even one year after the start of the pandemic. Clinicians, community organizations, and policy makers are encouraged to address potentially changing treatment needs in the face of public health emergency events. Public Significance: Our findings suggest that the impact of COVID-19 on individuals with eating disorders decreased over time but remained concerning even one year after the start of the pandemic and that the impact differed across countries. Clinicians, community organizations, and policy makers are encouraged to incorporate this knowledge to address potentially changing treatment needs in the face of public health emergency events.