cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Commonsense Knowledge for 3D Modeling: A Machine Learning Approach
Creators: name: Hassani, Kaveh
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Machine Learning
Natural Language Processing
Commonsense Knowledge
Deep Learning
3D Modelling

description: Common‒sense knowledge is a collection of non‒expert and agreed‒upon facts and information about the world shared among most people past early childhood based on their experiences. It includes uses of objects, their properties, parts and materials, their locations, spatial arrangements among them; location and duration of events; arguments, preconditions and effects of actions; urges and emotions of people, etc. In creating 3D worlds and especially text‒ to‒scene and text‒to‒animation systems, this knowledge is essential to eliminate the tedious and low‒level tasks, thus allowing users to focus on their creativity and imagination. We address tasks related to five categories of common‒sense knowledge that is required by such systems including: (1) spatial role labeling to automatically identify and annotate a set of spatial signals within a scene description in natural language; (2) grounding spatial relations to automatically position an object in 3D world; (3) inferring spatial relations to extract symbolic spatial relation between objects to answer questions regarding a 3D world; (4) recommending objects and their relative spatial relations given a recent manipulated object to auto‒complete a scene design; (5) learning physical attributes (e.g., size, weight, and speed) of objects and their corresponding distribution. We approach these tasks by using deep learning and probabilistic graphical models and exploit existing datasets and web content to learn the corresponding common‒sense knowledge.
Hennings, Emmy: Das Geheimnis des Eremiten oder die Engelsquelle/Das Geheimnis des Eremiten (2 Fassungen) / Hennings, Emmy: Das Geheimnis des Eremiten oder die Engelsquelle (1. Fassung)
Creators: name: Ball-Hennings, Emmy
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2024

description: Dokument
Seismic Retrofit of Squat Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls Using Shape Memory Alloys
Creators: name: Cortés Puentes, Wilmar Leonardo
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Shape Memory Alloys
Tension Braces
Seismic Retrofit
Reinforced Concrete
Squat Shear Walls
Testing
Numerical Analysis

description: Squat reinforced concrete shear walls are stiff structural elements incorporated in buildings and other structures and are capable of resisting large seismic demands. However, when not properly designed, they are prone to shear-related brittle failure. To improve the seismic behaviour of these structural elements, a retrofitting bracing system incorporating superelastic Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs) was developed. Superelastic Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs) are smart materials with the ability to sustain and recover large pseudo-plastic deformations while dissipating energy. The SMA bracing system consists of tension-only SMA links coupled with rigid steel elements. The SMA links were designed to sustain and recover the elongation experienced by the bracing system, while the steel elements were designed to sustain negligible elastic elongations. The SMA bracing system was installed on third-scale, 2000 mm × 2000 mm, shear walls, which were tested to failure under incremental reverse cyclic loading. The experimental results demonstrated that the tension-only SMA braces improve the seismic response of squat reinforced concrete walls. The retrofitted walls experienced higher strength, greater energy dissipation, and less permanent deformation. The re-centering properties of the SMA contributed to the reduction of pinching in the hysteretic response due mainly to the clamping action of the SMA bracings while recovering their original length. The walls were numerically simulated with the nonlinear finite element program VecTor2. The numerical simulations accurately captured the hysteretic response of both the original and the retrofitted walls. A parametric study was conducted to assess the effect of axial loading and size of the SMA braces.
Quantum Phase Transitions in the BKL Universe
Creators: name: D'Odorico, Giulio
name: Saueressig, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study quantum corrections to the classical Bianchi I and Bianchi IX universes. The modified dynamics is well-motivated from the asymptotic safety program where the short-distance behavior of gravity is governed by a non-trivial renormalization group fixed point. The correction terms induce a phase transition in the dynamics of the model, changing the classical, chaotic Kasner oscillations into a uniform approach to a point singularity. The resulting implications for the microscopic structure of spacetime are discussed.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Improving a sequence-to-sequence nlp model using a reinforcement learning policy algorithm
Creators: name: Ismail, Jabri
name: Ahmed, Aboulbichr
name: Aziza, El ouaazizi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Nowadays, the current neural network models of dialogue generation(chatbots) show great promise for generating answers for chatty agents. But they are short-sighted in that they predict utterances one at a time while disregarding their impact on future outcomes. Modelling a dialogue's future direction is critical for generating coherent, interesting dialogues, a need that has led traditional NLP dialogue models that rely on reinforcement learning. In this article, we explain how to combine these objectives by using deep reinforcement learning to predict future rewards in chatbot dialogue. The model simulates conversations between two virtual agents, with policy gradient methods used to reward sequences that exhibit three useful conversational characteristics: the flow of informality, coherence, and simplicity of response (related to forward-looking function). We assess our model based on its diversity, length, and complexity with regard to humans. In dialogue simulation, evaluations demonstrated that the proposed model generates more interactive responses and encourages a more sustained successful conversation. This work commemorates a preliminary step toward developing a neural conversational model based on the long-term success of dialogues.
description: Published in Proceedings of Artificial Intelligence, Soft Computing and Applications 12th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Soft Computing and Applications (AIAA 2022) December 22 ~ 24, 2022, Sydney, Australia Volume Editors : David C. Wyld, Dhinaharan Nagamalai (Eds) ISBN : 978-1-925953-83-1
Studies on external transportation development and spatial structure transformation of modern Kunming from a Southeast Asian perspective, 1885- 1945
Creators: name: Zhang, Tianje
name: Zhang, Yuqi
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: From a regional perspective of Southeast Asia, the paper focuses on Kunming, a gateway between China and Southeast Asian countries. The research elucidates the planning ideas and construction process of external routes, via both land and air, such as Yunnan-Vietnam Railway, Yunnan-Burma Railway, Burma Road, Stilwell Road and Hump Airline in early 20th century. These external routes became the arteries of cargo transportation, and Kunming became a regional economic center and military command center during wartime. The paper further reveals the transformation of Kunming’s spatial structures influenced by these external routes, which accelerated Kunming’s urban growth along the traffic lines. The city center shifted to the Station area, where industrial and commercial developments also congregated. New industrial zones were planned to the east and north of the old city, where new passages brought more convenient transportations. The internal road network plan also emphasized the connection with new railway station and bus stations. The research construes the planning ideas and implementation, traces their theoretical origins, and uncovers their indigenous considerations.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 18 No. 1 (2018): Looking at the World History of Planning
Dynamic Characteristics of Light-frame Wood Buildings
Creators: name: Hafeez, Ghazanfarah
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Light wood frame buildings
Fundamental period
Ambient vibration
Non structural components

description: This research project deals with dynamic field testing of light-frame wood buildings with wood based shear walls. The primary objective of the investigation is to evaluate the code formula for estimating light wood frame building’s fundamental period, through intensive field testing and numerical modelling. The project also aims to propose an alternative simplified rational approach where applicable. The thesis provides insight to the ambient vibration testing procedures of light-frame wood buildings and explains the protocol adopted for the current research program. Ambient vibration (AV) field tests were conducted on several multi-storey wood and beam-and-post buildings in Canada. Modal parameters of measured buildings, such as natural frequency, mode shapes and equivalent structural damping were obtained from Frequency Domain (FD) analysis of ambient motion records. Experimental and numerical investigations were performed to evaluate the effect of non-structural components, and the connectivity between firewall-separated buildings, on dynamic properties of light-frame wood buildings. The study provides a reliable expression for building period estimate based on field testing and numerical modeling.
eDIG-CHANGES I: Extended Hα Emission from the Extraplanar Diffuse Ionized Gas (eDIG) around CHANG-ES Galaxies
Creators: name: Lu, Li-Yuan
name: Li, Jiang-Tao
name: Vargas, Carlos J.
name: Beck, Rainer
name: Bregman, Joel N.
name: Dettmar, Ralf-Jurgen
name: English, Jayanne
name: Fang, Taotao
name: Heald, George H.
name: Li, Hui
name: Qu, Zhijie
name: Rand, Richard J.
name: Stein, Michael
name: Wang, Q. Daniel
name: Wang, Jing
name: Wiegert, Theresa
name: Zheng, Yun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The extraplanar diffuse ionized gas (eDIG) represents the cool/warm ionized gas reservoir around galaxies. We present a spatial analysis of H$α$ images of 22 nearby edge-on spiral galaxies from the CHANG-ES sample (the eDIG-CHANGES project), taken with the APO 3.5m telescope, in order to study their eDIG. We conduct an exponential fit to the vertical intensity profiles of the sample galaxies, of which 16 can be decomposed into a thin disk plus an extended thick disk component. The median value of the scale height (h) of the extended component is $1.13\pm 0.14$ kpc. We find a tight sublinear correlation between h and the SFR. Moreover, the offset of individual galaxies from the best-fit SFR-h relation shows significant anti-correlation with SFR_SD. This indicates that galaxies with more intense star formation tend to have disproportionately extended eDIG. Combined with data from the literature, we find that the correlations between the eDIG properties and the galaxies' properties extend to broader ranges. We further compare the vertical extension of the eDIG to multi-wavelength measurements of other CGM phases. We find the eDIG to be slightly more extended than the neutral gas (HI 21-cm line), indicating the existence of some extended ionizing sources. Most galaxies have an X-ray scale height smaller than the h, suggesting that the majority of the X-ray emission detected in shallow observations are actually from the thick disk. The h is comparable to the L-band radio continuum scale height, both slightly larger than that at higher frequencies (C-band), where the cooling is stronger and the thermal contribution may be larger. The comparable H$α$ and L-band scale height indicates that the thermal and non-thermal electrons have similar spatial distributions. This further indicates that the thermal gas, the cosmics rays, and the magnetic field may be close to energy equipartition.
Guided Biofilm Treatment
Creators: name: Antonoglou, Georgios
name: Kalfas, Sotos
name: Stella, Anoixiadou
name: Vouros, Ioannis
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: AIRFLOW
subject: air-polishing device
subject: Erythritol
subject: piezoceramic ultrasound device

description: Randomised Controlled Trial testing the guided biofilm treatment protocol.
Innovating public participation methods: technoscientization and reflexive engagement
Creators: name: Voß, Jan-Peter
name: Amelung, Nina
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik
subject: 600 Technik, Technologie
subject: innovation in governance
subject: citizens jury
subject: consensus conference
subject: planning cell
subject: public participation
subject: technology assessment

description: We reconstruct the innovation journey of ‘citizen panels’, as a family of participation methods, over four decades and across different sites of development and application. A process of aggregation leads from local practices of designing participatory procedures like the citizens jury, planning cell, or consensus conference in the 1970s and 1980s, to the disembedding and proliferation of procedural formats in the 1990s, and into the trans-local consolidation of participatory practices through laboratory-based expertise since about 2000. Our account highlights a central irony: anti-technocratic engagements with governance gave birth to efforts at establishing technoscientific control over questions of political procedure. But such efforts have been met with various forms of reflexive engagement that draw out implications and turn design questions back into matters of concern. An emerging informal assessment regime for technologies of participation as yet prevents closure on one dominant global design for democracy beyond the state.
Kerr Geodesics, the Penrose Process and Jet Collimation by a Black Hole
Creators: name: Gariel, J.
name: MacCallum, M. A. H.
name: Marcilhacy, G.
name: Santos, N. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We re-examine the possibility that astrophysical jet collimation may arise from the geometry of rotating black holes and the presence of high-energy particles resulting from a Penrose process, without the help of magnetic fields. Our analysis uses the Weyl coordinates, which are revealed better adapted to the desired shape of the jets. We numerically integrate the 2D-geodesics equations. We give a detailed study of these geodesics and give several numerical examples. Among them are a set of perfectly collimated geodesics with asymptotes $ρ=ρ_{1}$ parallel to the $z-$ axis, with $ρ_{1}$ only depending on the ratios $\frac{\mathcal{Q}}{E^{2}-1}$ and $\frac{a}{M}$, where $a$ and $M$ are the parameters of the Kerr black hole, $E$ the particle energy and $\mathcal{Q}$ the Carter's constant.
description: Accepted by Astronomy and Astrophysics. AA style with 3 EPS figures. Content amended after AA's refereeing. Discussion of geodesics also corrected and expanded earlier. Conclusions amended accordingly
Color of turbulence
Creators: name: Zare, Armin
name: Jovanović, Mihailo R.
name: Georgiou, Tryphon T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we address the problem of how to account for second-order statistics of turbulent flows using low-complexity stochastic dynamical models based on the linearized Navier-Stokes equations. The complexity is quantified by the number of degrees of freedom in the linearized evolution model that are directly influenced by stochastic excitation sources. For the case where only a subset of velocity correlations are known, we develop a framework to complete unavailable second-order statistics in a way that is consistent with linearization around turbulent mean velocity. In general, white-in-time stochastic forcing is not sufficient to explain turbulent flow statistics. We develop models for colored-in-time forcing using a maximum entropy formulation together with a regularization that serves as a proxy for rank minimization. We show that colored-in-time excitation of the Navier-Stokes equations can also be interpreted as a low-rank modification to the generator of the linearized dynamics. Our method provides a data-driven refinement of models that originate from first principles and captures complex dynamics of turbulent flows in a way that is tractable for analysis, optimization, and control design.
description: To appear in J. Fluid Mech
Dilemma Between Density and Quality
Creators: name: Zhu, Kaiyi
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: This paper investigates the unique urban planning history and demographic changes in Sinan Road (also named as Rue Massenet) Area of Shanghai and the socioeconomic impacts on local inhabitants’ living quality led by formal and informal planning dynamics. Examining both tangible and intangible characteristics of this area under five different historical phases, this paper indicates that population density and urban quality cannot always be positively or negatively related. Urban quality can reach the maximum value when area population of concentrated density stays in an ideal state, although, as a result of the qualitative variates, such state (peak value) is in suspense. Through analysing the overarching strategic plan of different periods, it also argues that urban quality is not merely dominated by or directly related to density but more by the population’s social demands and their initial interaction with a specific area, active or passive involvement.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 18 No. 1 (2018): Looking at the World History of Planning
The Griffin Plan for Shanghai, 1904-1906
Creators: name: Weirick, James
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: An event in Yokohama in January 1906 – the accidental death of the Chinese trade commissioner to Japan, Huang Kaijia (1860-1906)– seems to have ended one of the most intriguing city planning ventures of the early modern era. Two years previously, as Imperial Vice Commissioner to the St Louis Exposition, Huang Kaijia was almost certainly the ‘delegate from the Chinese government’ who commissioned the design of a ‘new city at Shanghai’ from the American architect and landscape architect Walter Burley Griffin (1876-1937). This paper reviews the testimony emanating from Griffin and his colleagues on which the claim for a Shanghai city plan from 1904-1906 is based; the modernising impulses in Shanghai at the time; and the broader context of ‘New China’ reforms initiated by the Qing Dynasty in the first decade of the twentieth century. From the available descriptions, the following details of the proposal can be established. First, the project was a Chinese initiative, not a ‘colonial’ venture associated with the Foreign Settlements. Second, the proposal involved ‘a modern city on a new site’ located ‘a few miles’ from the traditional walled city. Third, the project was conceived as an alternative to the ‘narrow streets, swarming tenements and insanitary areas’ of the ‘old city’ – and, indeed, included the proposal to ‘abandon the old city.’ Fourth, Griffin ‘drew the plans for the new Shanghai in detail.’ Based on archival research, critical review of contemporary newspaper accounts and recent scholarship on the ‘tradition vs modernity’ debate in Chinese historiography, the paper seeks to address the question, what does the fragmentary evidence of the ‘Griffin Plan for Shanghai’ tell us about innovation and change in urban thinking before the Chinese of revolution of 1911; the continuity of ideas across the revolutionary divide; and the distinctive fusion of modernity and poetic power in the successor to the Shanghai scheme in the Griffin oeuvre, the winning entry in the Australian Federal Capital competition of 1911-1912.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 18 No. 1 (2018): Looking at the World History of Planning
Recorded interactive seminars in orthodontic distance education
Creators: name: Miller, Kenneth Thompson
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2010

description: Increasing internet speeds at a time of orthodontic faculty shortages has made distance learning a viable supplement to orthodontic education. Previous investigation with orthodontic residents has shown viewing a recording of a small group seminar and having short follow-up discussion is almost as effective and acceptable as participating live and interactive from a distance, requiring less equipment, reducing necessary Internet speeds, and adding flexibility for residents and faculty. Internet based libraries of recordings may also offer private practitioners an alternative to traditional continuing education. We investigated the effectiveness and acceptability of using interactive seminar recordings and follow-up discussion in orthodontic education with both residents and private practitioners. In a series of three papers, we conclude that this type of learning experience is well accepted by both residents and private practitioners. Also, recordings and follow-up discussion appears as effective as being live and interactive, both locally and from a distance.
Hennings, Emmy: Die Legende der heiligen Theodora /Die Legende der heiligen Theodora von Alexandria (3 Fassungen, evtl. Schluss einer 4. Fassung.) / Hennings, Emmy: Die Legende der heiligen Theodora von Alexandria (1. Fassung)
Creators: name: Ball-Hennings, Emmy
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2024

description: Dokument
The urban change in modern Shanghai descript by urban maps, 1840s-1930s
Creators: name: Xi, Gao
name: Nu, Peng
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: The urban change in modern Shanghai is a complex process which fused a lot of reasons in many ways. It is also the most important window to understand the urban modernization in china coastal city. This paper described the process of urban modernization in modern Shanghai according the analysis of the map of modern shanghai urban renewal. It separated to three parts. The first part, from river to sea, new and old existed together. Following the port opening, the old Chengxiang area and the new settlements area dramatic existed together. The second part, from street to the road. The new city views in settlements influenced the old town. The administrative department initiated the original change in Chengxiang area concentrate on building roads. And the influence from old land shape to the settlement’s road plan was different in British and French settlement. The third part, port areas and the city. With the city development, the bund function changed. And the relationship of Shiliupu dock and Chengxiang area was intimate. The general city structure
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 18 No. 1 (2018): Looking at the World History of Planning
Shaping Ahwaz' transnational oil modernity
Creators: name: Sarkhosh, Rezvan
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: Through the lens of flows of petroleum, a key commodity of the 20th century, to revisit local urban histories, this paper contributes to the growing literature on transnational and cross-cultural urbanism. It argues that oil created a unique network of international stakeholders (British, German, and American), from various disciplines and professions (engineering, architecture and urban planning) who collaborated to build modern industrial cities adjacent to Iranian oil fields, much of which were found in previously uninhabited areas. Focussing on the development of the southern city of Ahwaz between 1908 and the start of the Iran-Iraq war in 1980, this paper explores how catering to the different facets of the oil industry (oil extraction, transformation, administration, infrastructure and retail), created a cosmopolitan built environment composed of a variety of architectural styles and urban planning approaches. The diverse actors who co-shaped Iran’s oil cities also impacted people's lifestyles through new spatial arrangements. These international actors transformed and localized the global flows of ideas and created native processes of modernization. Albeit their good intentions, many of these actors failed to respond to the needs of the people on the ground and thereby contributed to creating social gaps among different strata of the society. Cosmopolitanism in architecture was thusly limited to styles and forms, rather than a truly just and democratic cosmopolitan society.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 18 No. 1 (2018): Looking at the World History of Planning
Improving Patient Safety Through Nurse Collective Bargaining
Creators: name: Archibald, Thomas
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Nursing workload and time worked are two key working conditions tied to the risk of adverse events and medical error. In Canada at the provincial level, these issues, which I call “patient safety issues”, are raised, negotiated and ultimately resolved within collective bargaining structures that are based on traditional “Wagnerist” labour law theory. I reviewed the results of decisions on patient safety issues within fifteen years of nurse collective bargaining in six of the thirteen provinces/territories. My findings are that patient safety issues of workload are inadequately addressed in nurse collective agreements, but at the same time these agreements contained strong patient safety-driven protections relating to time-worked issues of scheduling, hours of work and overtime. I further conclude that these limitations can be attributed to a series of trends in the process of nurse collective bargaining that tended to limit the ability of nurses’ unions to push for patient safety protections and more generally to marginalize patient safety issues in the bargaining process in favour of more traditional economic issues. To overcome these problems, I propose that patient safety issues in nursing be decided instead in locally-based “patient safety committees” instead of in the current traditional labour law model.
La stratégie de communication du groupe armé État islamique dans le magazine Dabiq
Creators: name: Tremblay, Lauriane
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Communication
Analyse de contenu
État islamique
Méthode qualitative

description: Cette recherche qualitative, une analyse thématique de contenu, dresse le portrait de la stratégie de communication du groupe armé État islamique dans son magazine numérique intitulé Dabiq. La recherche est ancrée dans la théorie du médium est le message de Marshall McLuhan (1964). La grille d’analyse de propagande djihadiste développée par Torres, Jordán & Horsburgh en 2006 a servi de point de départ pour l’analyse des 918 pages des quinze numéros du magazine disponibles au moment de la réalisation de l’étude. Une étude pilote nous a permis de tester la grille et d’y ajouter quelques thèmes supplémentaires. À l’aide de la théorie de McLuhan (1964) et avec l’analyse de contenu thématique des quinze numéros, nous avons pu analyser la présence des thèmes et leur rôle au sein de la stratégie de communication du groupe armé pour finalement déterminer que celle-ci repose sur la notion d’altérité.
Emergency Contraception in Brazil: Exploring the Journey of the Medication and Current Availability
Creators: name: Rocha Tavares, Marilia Paula
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: EC
ECP
Postcoital contraception
Emergency contraception
Latin America
Brazil

description: Brazil’s healthcare system currently offers a wide range of contraception options and emergency contraception (EC) has been among them since the late 1990s. Abortion, however, is severely legally restricted and high rates of both teenage pregnancy and unsafe abortion plague the country. Given this context, levonorgestrel emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) could play a significant role women’s health and lives. This research aimed to examine the journey of this medication in Brazilian society and assess its availability in three cities located in different regions of the country. To address these research objectives, I performed a textual and discourse analysis of written materials as well as a mystery client study. Despite the wide availability of ECPs in retail pharmacies, I found that religious beliefs and conservative values still hinder accessibility. The results suggest that awareness raising campaigns are needed and long overdue. However, there is also a need to employ novel strategies for improving access and engaging healthcare professionals. Further research and advocacy related to women’s reproductive health and rights in general, and EC in particular, appears warranted.
Programming current reduction via enhanced asymmetry-induced thermoelectric effects in vertical nanopillar phase change memory cells
Creators: name: Bahl, Jyotsna
name: Rajendran, Bipin
name: Muralidharan, Bhaskaran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermoelectric effects are envisioned to reduce programming currents in nanopillar phase change memory cells. However, due to the inherent symmetry in such a structure, the contribution due to thermoelectric effects on programming currents is minimal. In this work, we propose a hybrid phase change memory structure which incorporates a two-fold asymmetry specifically aimed to favorably enhance thermoelectric effects. The first asymmetry is introduced via an interface layer of low thermal conductivity and high negative Seebeck coefficient, such as, polycrystalline SiGe, between the bottom electrode contact and the active region comprising the phase change material. This results in an enhanced Peltier heating of the active material. The second one is introduced structurally via a taper that results in an angle dependent Thomson heating within the active region. Various device geometries are analyzed using 2D-axis-symmetric simulations to predict the effect on programming currents as well as for different thicknesses of the interface layer. A programming current reduction of up to $60\%$ is predicted for specific cell geometries. Remarkably, we find that due to an interplay of Thomson cooling in the electrode and the asymmetric heating profile inside the active region, the predicted programming current reduction is resilient to fabrication variability.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices
La participation publique et les réformes des institutions sociosanitaires québécoises
Creators: name: Marchand, François
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Participation publique
Participation citoyenne
Système de santé
Québec
Réforme

description: La participation publique fait partie du décor de la gouvernance des institutions sociosanitaires québécoises depuis plusieurs décennies. Malgré une apparente volonté de la part des élus pour les maintenir et les réinventer, les instruments de participation publique mis en place au sein du système de santé fournissent aux citoyens un pouvoir négligeable sur les décisions majeures qui concernent le système de santé. Nous avons appliqué la grille d’analyse des innovations démocratiques de Graham Smith (2009) à l’étude des choix et du discours en matière de participation publique par les élus et commissaires d’enquête lors des principales réformes des institutions québécoises de santé. Notre analyse a révélé que les élus et commissaires d’enquête arborent des positions paradoxales, se disant généralement favorables à la participation publique, tout en recommandant et adoptant des mesures qui limitent le pouvoir des citoyens. Notre étude nous a aussi permis de faire ressortir que la faible propension des élus et commissaires d’enquête à offrir des espaces de participation publique ne s’appliquerait qu’à propos des instruments de participation publique offrant aux citoyens un rôle direct sur la prise de décision, alors que les élus semblent plus ouverts aux instruments purement consultatifs.
The Influence of Competitiveness on Aggression and Peer Rejection in Youth over Time
Creators: name: Dick, Julie
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: competitiveness
aggression
peer rejection

description: The temporal association between aggression, peer rejection, and competitiveness (i.e., the evaluation of one’s own skills and abilities compared to those of another) was examined in a sample of 615 students assessed yearly from grades 7 to 12. Using path analysis, results indicated that competitiveness predicted aggression at every time point with one exception (grade 11 to 12). Competitiveness and peer rejection were found to have a negative reciprocal association, and aggression and peer rejection were shown to be reciprocally related. Competitiveness, aggression, and peer rejection were each statistically significantly stable over time. Implications, limitations, and future directions are discussed.
Spin-Orbit States of Neutron Wavepackets
Creators: name: Nsofini, Joachim
name: Sarenac, Dusan
name: Wood, Christopher J.
name: Cory, David G.
name: Arif, Muhammad
name: Clark, Charles W.
name: Huber, Michael G.
name: Pushin, Dmitry A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a method to prepare an entangled spin-orbit state between the spin and the orbital angular momenta of a neutron wavepacket. This spin-orbit state is created by passing neutrons through the center of a quadrupole magnetic field, which provides a coupling between the spin and orbital degrees of freedom. A Ramsey fringe type measurement is suggested as a means of verifying the spin-orbit correlations.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Daqing Oil Cluster
Creators: name: Zhu, Penglin
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: Since the mid-20th century, the Chinese government in collaboration with various governmental petroleum authorities, first with the Ministry of Petroleum and later with state-owned companies, has transformed the built environment on multiple levels, creating interrelated infrastructures and production sites, installing refineries and petrochemical industries, constructing dedicated oil ports, building workers’ housing and educational, health or leisure facilities, effectively creating a palimpsestic petroleumscape. The development of Daqing oil field can be the best representor showing the how the Chinese government shaped the built environment and people’s lifestyle. Urban form in Daqing has changed extensively after the Chinese Economic Reform in early-1980s when the national policy shifted to complete and optimize the infrastructure and civic facilities. The recent national policies of the OBOR Initiative, which aims at balancing the economic sustainability and environmental preservation and Revitalizing the Old Industrial Bases in China have helped develop Daqing at the regional scale, Moreover, these national plans aim at balancing two potentially conflicting objectives: economic development and ecological sustainability. This paper explores in which manner the national policies and local spatial plans of Daqing have transform Daqing from the old oil mining district to the domestic oil hub, then to a sustainable oil cluster.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 18 No. 1 (2018): Looking at the World History of Planning
The battle for oil in the Dutch East Indies
Creators: name: De Vries, Ben
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: Oilfields can easily turn into battlefields. This happened more than once in the colony of the Dutch East Indies (Indonesia) in the 1940s, where Japanese, Dutch, Allied and Indonesian forces fought fierce battles over the control of the local oil facilities. With good reasons, because in those days the Netherlands East Indies was one of the world’s biggest oil exporters. It all started in Telaga Said I, in northern Sumatra, in the Mid-1880s, where the first oil was discovered in the thick jungle. Shortly afterwards, in the Mid-1890s, in the swampy south of Sumatra oil of a better quality was found. As a result, nearby Palembang, an ancient city with harbour facilities, quickly mushroomed into a vibrant oil industry city, and the small kampoeng Pladjoei (Plaju), about eight kilometers further along the River Moesi (Musi), became a spider in an enormous petroleum infrastructure. The Koninklijke Nederlandsche Maatschappij tot Exploitatie van Petroleumbronnen in Nederlands-Indië (1890) formed in 1907 a subsidiary named the Bataafsche Petroleum Maatschappij (BPM/Shell) and built at Pladjoe the largest, most productive and modern refinery of Southeast Asia of its time. The scale of operations grew over time and the BPM planned a comprehensive company town with administration buildings, refineries and jetties for mooring tankers, pipelines, (rail) roads, and designed living quarters for its employees along a rectangular grid, including modern bungalows with shady gardens, shops, schools, sports fields and a church etc. Eventually, the BPM and the municipality of Palembang as the main oil actors created together a petroleumscapeii: a coherent network of spaces around the psychical and financial flows and interests of petroleum in the urban environment. These times of prosperity and peace all suddenly came to an end when war and revolution broke out in the colony of the Dutch East Indies in the 1940s. As a result, the oil empire of the BPM was at risk. Based on both archival research and secondary sources, this paper elaborates on how the BPM spatially and economically planned its huge industrial oil-footprint at Pladjoe and safeguarded these oil facilities against all kinds of brutal intrusions and destructions during the Pacific War (1942-1945) and Indonesia’s struggle for independence (1945-1949). Remarkably, in reaching this goal and in their effort to restore the pre-war situation of peace and prosperity, the BPM’s captains of industry, Dutch Army commanders and politicians in the government seats of both Batavia and The Hague worked closely together. Constantly using oil as an economical weapon.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 18 No. 1 (2018): Looking at the World History of Planning
Center Vortices, Area Law and the Catenary Solution
Creators: name: Höllwieser, Roman
name: Altarawneh, Derar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present meson-meson (Wilson loop) correlators in Z(2) center vortex models for the infrared sector of Yang-Mills theory, i.e., a hypercubic lattice model of random vortex surfaces and a continuous 2+1 dimensional model of random vortex lines. In particular we calculate quadratic and circular Wilson loop correlators in the two models respectively and observe that their expectation values follow the area law and show string breaking behavior. Further we calculate the catenary solution for the two cases and try to find indications for minimal surface behavior or string surface tension leading to string constriction.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1508.07596; text overlap with arXiv:hep-lat/0406022, arXiv:0906.1294 by other authors
Meaning as a Normative Stance
Creators: name: Petit, Arnaud
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion

description: In the past few years, the claim that meaning is normative has grown increasingly suspect and many powerful arguments have been developed against its interpretation in terms of (1) conditions of correct use, (2) prescriptions and (3) rule-following. In the first essay of my thesis, I discuss the precise arguments that have been invoked by Paul Boghossian and by Kathrin Glüer and Asa Wikforss against the latter interpretation. In the second essay, I turn towards the two other interpretations of the normativity of meaning, as they are discussed by Anandi Hattiangadi and by Daniel Whiting. My main strategy in both of these essays is to show that the possibility of following a rule, like the existence of conditions of correct use, depends on our ability — and our willingness — to adopt a normative stance. That is to say, I defend the normativity of meaning by showing (i) that we (as human beings) are not indifferent as to how things are done or how words are used and (ii) that the notions of “rule-following” and of “conditions of correct use” are ways to express that fact. In the first essay, I attempt to clarify what I mean by adopting a normative stance — and following a rule — by linking them with the notions of understanding and of intelligent behaviour. In the second essay, I rather insist that conditions of correct use can be explained in terms of appropriateness or of fittingness with the circumstances. As such, I put myself in a position to criticize the traditional unfolding of that notion and to further articulate my idea of a normative stance.
Compound lensing: Einstein Zig-Zags and high multiplicity lensed images
Creators: name: Collett, Thomas E.
name: Bacon, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Compound strong gravitational lensing is a rare phenomenon, but a handful of such lensed systems are likely to be discovered in forthcoming surveys. In this work, we use a double SIS lens model to analytically understand how the properties of the system impact image multiplicity for the final source. We find that up to six images of a background source can form, but only if the second lens is multiply imaged by the first and the Einstein radius of the second lens is comparable to, but does not exceed that of the first. We then build a model of compound lensing masses in the Universe, using SIE lenses, and assess how the optical depth for multiple imaging by a galaxy-galaxy compound lens varies with source redshift. For a source redshift of 4, we find optical depths of $6 \times 10^{-6}$ for multiple imaging and $5 \times 10^{-8}$ for multiplicity of 6 or greater. We find that extreme magnifications are possible, with magnifications of 100 or more for $6 \times 10^{-9}$ of $z=10$ sources with 0.1 kpc radii. We show some of the image configurations that can be generated by compound lenses, and demonstrate that they are qualitatively different to those generated by single-plane lenses; dedicated compound lens finders will be necessary if these systems are to be discovered in forthcoming surveys.
description: 11 pages, submitted to MNRAS. Comments gratefully received
Yukaku (red-light district) and city planning in Japanese colonial cities in Taiwan, 1895-1945
Creators: name: Sammonji, Masaya
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: In 1895, Taiwan (Formosa) was ceded to Japan by the Qing dynasty. In the earliest period of the Japanese rule, a crowd of Japanese prostitutes immigrated to Taiwan, which opened an era when sex industry of both Japanese and locals appeared broadly in the cities. Then, aiming to solve sanitary and security issues, Japanese colonial government started to set “kashizashiki designated area (also called yukaku area simply)” in each city in 1896, and allowed prostitutes to do their business only inside the area. It also provided the rough location planning of colonial cities far earlier than other well-studied urban policies or plannings, such as the “city improvement plannings (shiku-kaisei)” started in 1900 and so on. Thus, in this context, these designations can be considered as the earliest “silent” planning of the Japanese colonial cities. After that, some yukakus moved to another location in the cities once or more, in response to city growth and progress of the “city improvement planning”. This study found that there were yukakus in 16 cities of colonial Taiwan in total, and the meanings and grounds of each location changed in response to the progress of urban planning or urban developing.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 18 No. 1 (2018): Looking at the World History of Planning
Comparative Study about the City Planning Systems in Taiwan (for the Years 1895–1945) and Korea (for the Years 1912–1945) under Japanese Rule
Creators: name: Yasushi, Goto
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: Some existing studies have argued that the City Planning Orders of Japanese colonies were more advanced than the City Planning Act of Japan. The grounds are the integration of building control and city planning, the open-space district and their continued use by the Republic of Korea and the Republic of China after World War II. However, urban planning and building control were included in one system only to simplify the procedure for formulating orders. Furthermore, the Republics of both Korea and China continued using them for a comprehensive policy and an emergency evacuation, not because of order evaluation. Korea Urban Area Planning Order of 1934 and Taiwan City Planning Order of 1936 were created from the City Planning Act of 1919 and the Urban Area Building Act of 1919, reflecting the operational experience of Japan. These acts and orders have been improved as a group. Case studies of modern city planning in Japan, Korea and Taiwan are valuable references to each other.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 18 No. 1 (2018): Looking at the World History of Planning