cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Facial Analysis Systems and Down Syndrome
Creators: name: Rondina, Marco
name: Vinci, Fabiana
name: Vetrò, Antonio
name: De Martin, Juan Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The ethical, social and legal issues surrounding facial analysis technologies have been widely debated in recent years. Key critics have argued that these technologies can perpetuate bias and discrimination, particularly against marginalized groups. We contribute to this field of research by reporting on the limitations of facial analysis systems with the faces of people with Down syndrome: this particularly vulnerable group has received very little attention in the literature so far. This study involved the creation of a specific dataset of face images. An experimental group with faces of people with Down syndrome, and a control group with faces of people who are not affected by the syndrome. Two commercial tools were tested on the dataset, along three tasks: gender recognition, age prediction and face labelling. The results show an overall lower accuracy of prediction in the experimental group, and other specific patterns of performance differences: i) high error rates in gender recognition in the category of males with Down syndrome; ii) adults with Down syndrome were more often incorrectly labelled as children; iii) social stereotypes are propagated in both the control and experimental groups, with labels related to aesthetics more often associated with women, and labels related to education level and skills more often associated with men. These results, although limited in scope, shed new light on the biases that alter face classification when applied to faces of people with Down syndrome. They confirm the structural limitation of the technology, which is inherently dependent on the datasets used to train the models.
Sarcophaga (Sarcophaga) lehmanni Mueller 1922
Creators: name: Schlüsslmayr, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Sarcophagidae
Sarcophaga
Sarcophaga lehmanni

description: Sarcophaga (Sarcophaga) lehmanni MULLER, 1922
OÖ, Losenstein, Dandlgraben, 4.7.17; Reichraming, Schieferstein, 860-1000m, 17.5.17, 3 Ex; Bgld, Leithaauen E Gerhaus, 18.7.17; Leitha-Auen E Gerhaus, 24.6.17, 8 Ex; Breitenbrunn, Doktorbrunngraben, 24.6.17, 13 Ex; Breitenbrunn, Thenau, 6.6.17; Donnerskirchen, Teufelsgraben, 22.6.17, 10 Ex; Jois, Schieferberg, 28.5.17; Loretto, Weingraben, 15.6.17, 12 Ex; St. Georgen b. Eisenstadt, Hetscherlberg, 22.5.17; St. Margarethen, Gemeindewald, 21.6.17; St. Margarethen, NSG Nord, 6.5.17, 10 Ex; Weiden, Zitzmannsdorfer Wiesen, 30.5.17; Winden, Hackelsberg, 30.4.17, 4 Ex; Winden, Zeilerberg, 26.5.17; Zurndorf, NSG, 14.6.17, 4 Ex, 27.6.17, 21x und 18.7.17.
Neu für Oberösterreich und Burgenland.
description: Published as part of Schlüsslmayr, Gerhard, 2018, Erstnachweise von Fliegen (Diptera) für Österreich und einige Bundesländer, pp. 765-800 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (1) on page 788, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4004374
Red rhetorics : polemics and the Marx-machine
Creators: name: Barbour, Charles Andrew
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The recent past has witnessed an explosion of interest in politics, in republican traditions, and in what many have dubbed "the political." This return to politics and to theories of ideology has, however, generally been conducted, not only in the absence of, but often in direct opposition to any extensive reconsideration of Karl Marx. Marx is treated as the chief example of a line of thought that denies the specificity of the political, that reduces it to more fundamental social or material conditions, and that treats politics, ideology and rhetoric as means to an end, not ends in themselves. Building on Marx's early texts, and especially on his forgotten polemics with Bruno Bauer and Max Stimer, I argue that, in fact, Marx still has a great deal to offer theories of the political, and that his work represents both an affirmation of the political freedoms associated with the res publica or "open space" of discourse and struggle, and a powerful critique of the limitations of those freedoms - an analysis, that is to say, of those places where social conditions render political freedoms void of significant content. Reawakening Marx's texts and the promise of justice that they announce in a post-Marxist conjuncture will, however, require that" they be approached in a new fashion. I propose reading Marx, not as the author of a single, monolithic system known as Marxism, but as a politically engaged, rhetorically gifted, but also fragmentary and ambiguous writer. Marx's texts do not constitute a single, coherent body of work. Nor, however, is his career shorn in half by a definitive epistemological break. Rather, the massive collection of documents retroactively labeled "Marx" constitute an overdetermined assemblage of cracks and fissures, gaps and breaks, skips and relays - what I call a Marx-machine.
Monopole and dipole transitions of the cluster states of 18O
Creators: name: Baba, T.
name: Kimura, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On the basis of an extended antisymmetrized molecular dynamics calculation, we study the cluster structure and the of the 0+ and 1- states of 18O. We discuss that several different kinds of cluster states appear in the excitation spectrum, and their monopole and dipole transitions are interesting fingerprints of unique cluster structure. We show that the monopole/dipole transitions are enhanced for the 14C+alpha cluster states, while they are hindered for the molecular-orbit state. We also point out that the ratio of the electric and isoscalar monopole transition strengths gives a good hint for the structure of the excited states.
Infall of the Elliptical Galaxy NGC 1404 into the Fornax Cluster
Creators: name: Machacek, M.
name: Dosaj, A.
name: Forman, W.
name: Jones, C.
name: Markevitch, M.
name: Vikhlinin, A.
name: Warmflash, A.
name: Kraft, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use three Chandra observations, totalling 134.3 ks, to constrain the dynamical motion of NGC1404 falling towards the dominant elliptical NGC1399 through the Fornax ICM. NGC1404's surface brightness profile shows a sharp edge \~8 kpc from its center in the direction of NGC 1399, characteristic of jump-like temperature and density discontinuities from ram-pressure stripping of the galaxy gas. We find the temperature of the galaxy gas inside the edge is \~2.8 times cooler (kT=0.55^{+0.01}_{-0.02} keV; abundance A = 0.73^{+0.65}_{-0.16} solar) than the cluster gas (kT,A = 1.53^{+0.10}_{-0.13} keV, 0.42^{+0.2}_{-0.13} solar). We use the shape of the surface brightness profile to fit the edge position, power law index of the density distribution inside the edge, and density discontinuity at the edge. The electron density inside the edge (3.9-4.3 x 10^{-3} cm^{-3}) depends strongly on the gas abundance; while the density of the ICM (7-8 x10^{-4} cm^{-3}) depends strongly on the assumed relative distance between NGC1404 and NGC1399. The pressure jump (1.7-2.1) across the edge and the cluster free-stream region implies a Mach number 0.83-1.03 and velocity 531-657 km/s for NGC1404 relative to the ICM. The inclination angle of the motion inferred using the relative radial velocity between NGC1404 and NGC1399 as representative of that between NGC1404 and the ICM, is uncomfortably large (>40 deg.) given the sharpness of the edge, suggesting either a non-zero impact parameter between the galaxies, or that NGC1399 is moving radially with respect to the cluster ICM.
description: 20 pages, 7 postscript figures, submitted to ApJ
Do Production Contracts Raise Farm Productivity? An Instrumental Variables Approach
Creators: name: Key, Nigel D.
name: McBride, William D.
name: Key, Nigel D.
name: McBride, William D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: productivity
subject: production contracts
subject: instrumental variables
subject: sample selection

description: Estimating how the use of production contracts affects farm productivity is difficult when unobservable factors are correlated with both the decision to contract and productivity. To account for potential selection bias, this study uses the local availability of production contracts as an instrument for whether a farm uses a contract in order to estimate the impact of contract use on total factor productivity. Results indicate that use of a production contract is associated with a large increase in productivity for feeder-to-finish hog farms in the United States. The instrumental variable method makes it credible to assert that the observed association is a causal relationship rather than simply a correlation.
MPEC 2024-T272 : 2024 TS13
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 TS13

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Dark matter capture in celestial objects: light mediators, self-interactions, and complementarity with direct detection
Creators: name: Dasgupta, Basudeb
name: Gupta, Aritra
name: Ray, Anupam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize the formalism for DM capture in celestial bodies to account for arbitrary mediator mass, and update the existing and projected astrophysical constraints on DM-nucleon scattering cross section from observations of neutron stars. We show that the astrophysical constraints on the DM-nucleon interaction strength, that were thought to be the most stringent, drastically weaken for light mediators and can be completely voided. For asymmetric DM, existing astrophysical constraints are completely washed out for mediators lighter than 5 MeV, and for annihilating DM the projected constraints are washed out for mediators lighter than 0.25 MeV. Related terrestrial direct detection bounds also weaken, but in a complementary fashion; they supersede the astrophysical capture bounds for small or large DM mass, respectively for asymmetric or annihilating DM. Repulsive self-interactions of DM have an insignificant impact on the total capture rate, but a significant impact on the black hole formation criterion. This further weakens the constraints on DM-nucleon interaction strength for asymmetric self-repelling DM, whereas constraints remain unaltered for annihilating self-repelling DM. We use the correct Hawking evaporation rate of the newly formed black hole, that was approximated as a blackbody in previous studies, and show that, despite a more extensive alleviation of collapse as a result, the observation of a neutron star collapse can probe a wide range of DM self-interaction strengths.
description: v2: 28 pages, 9 figures, Matches version published in JCAP
Sarcophaga (Sarcophaga) subvicina
Creators: name: Schlüsslmayr, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Sarcophagidae
Sarcophaga
Sarcophaga subvicina

description: Sarcophaga (Sarcophaga) subvicina ROHDENDORF, 1937
Bgld, Leitha-Auen E Gerhaus, 24.6.17; Breitenbrunn, Thenau, 6.6.17; Donnerskirchen, Kirchberg, 25.4.17, 5 Ex und 22.6.17; Donnerskirchen, Teufelsgraben, 22.6.17 und 19.7.17; Hornstein, Ruine, 10.5.17; St. Georgen b. Eisenstadt, Hetscherlberg, 19.7.17; St. Margarethen, NSG Nord, 6.5.17, 4 Ex und 21.6.17, 2 Ex; St. Margarethen, NSG Süd, 6.5.17, 2 Ex; Winden, Hackelsberg, 30.4.17, 12 Ex, 9.6.17, 7 Ex und 19.7.17, 3 Ex; Winden, Zeilerberg, 26.5.17, 12 Ex; Zurndorf, NSG, 14.6.17, 2 Ex.
Neu für Burgenland.
description: Published as part of Schlüsslmayr, Gerhard, 2018, Erstnachweise von Fliegen (Diptera) für Österreich und einige Bundesländer, pp. 765-800 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (1) on page 788, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4004374
Guidance-base Diffusion Models for Improving Photoacoustic Image Quality
Creators: name: Eguchi, Tatsuhiro
name: Takezaki, Shumpei
name: Shimano, Mihoko
name: Yagi, Takayuki
name: Bise, Ryoma
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Photoacoustic(PA) imaging is a non-destructive and non-invasive technology for visualizing minute blood vessel structures in the body using ultrasonic sensors. In PA imaging, the image quality of a single-shot image is poor, and it is necessary to improve the image quality by averaging many single-shot images. Therefore, imaging the entire subject requires high imaging costs. In our study, we propose a method to improve the quality of PA images using diffusion models. In our method, we improve the reverse diffusion process using sensor information of PA imaging and introduce a guidance method using imaging condition information to generate high-quality images.
Real-time AdaBoost cascade face tracker based on likelihood map and optical flow
Creators: name: Ranftl, Andreas
name: Alonso-Fernandez, Fernando
name: Karlsson, Stefan
name: Bigun, Josef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The authors present a novel face tracking approach where optical flow information is incorporated into a modified version of the Viola Jones detection algorithm. In the original algorithm, detection is static, as information from previous frames is not considered. In addition, candidate windows have to pass all stages of the classification cascade, otherwise they are discarded as containing no face. In contrast, the proposed tracker preserves information about the number of classification stages passed by each window. Such information is used to build a likelihood map, which represents the probability of having a face located at that position. Tracking capabilities are provided by extrapolating the position of the likelihood map to the next frame by optical flow computation. The proposed algorithm works in real time on a standard laptop. The system is verified on the Boston Head Tracking Database, showing that the proposed algorithm outperforms the standard Viola Jones detector in terms of detection rate and stability of the output bounding box, as well as including the capability to deal with occlusions. The authors also evaluate two recently published face detectors based on convolutional networks and deformable part models with their algorithm showing a comparable accuracy at a fraction of the computation time.
description: Published at IET Biometrics Journal
Radical Anion Functionalization of Two-Dimensional Materials as a Means of Engineering Simultaneously High Electronic and Ionic Conductivity Solids
Creators: name: Nemeth, Karoly
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A radical anion based functionalization of the basal plane of two-dimensional (2D) materials is proposed in the present study. Simple charge neutral radical functionalizations typically detach from the basal planes upon reduction. For example, epoxy oxygens irreversibly detach from graphene when reduced by an alkali metal. The radical anion functionalization of 2D materials results in a stable reduced state that can reversibly be oxidized and has high ionic conductivity due to the great mobility of the cations between the negatively charged functional groups on the surface. Depending on the oxidation state of these systems, a high concentration of hole states can also be realized allowing for good electronic conductivity. These properties can further allow for improved energy storage devices via transition metal free cathode active species, solid electrolytes, electroconductive additives, separators, coatings for metal anodes and heat conductors through a single material. One possible realization of the above principles is the 2D salt An(BN)2OBX3, where A is an alkali atom (Li, Na, etc; 0=
description: revised version
Modeling of quantum electromechanical systems
Creators: name: Jauho, Antti-Pekka
name: Novotny, Tomas
name: Donarini, Andrea
name: Flindt, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss methods for numerically solving the generalized Master equation GME which governs the time-evolution of the reduced density matrix of a mechanically movable mesoscopic device in a dissipative environment. As a specific example, we consider the quantum shuttle -- a generic quantum nanoelectromechanical system (NEMS). When expressed in the oscillator basis, the static limit of the GME becomes a large linear non-sparse matrix problem (characteristic size larger than 10^4 by 10^4) which however, as we show, can be treated using the Arnoldi iteration scheme. The numerical results are interpreted with the help of Wigner functions, and we compute the current and the noise in a few representative cases.
description: Contribution to International Workshop on Computational Electronics (IWCE-10)
Economic Impacts of the U.S. Soybean Aphid Infestation: A Multi-Regional Competitive Dynamic Analysis
Creators: name: Kim, C.S.
name: Schaible, Glenn D.
name: Garrett, Lynn
name: Lubowski, Ruben N.
name: Lee, Donna J.
name: Kim, C.S.
name: Schaible, Glenn D.
name: Garrett, Lynn
name: Lubowski, Ruben N.
name: Lee, Donna J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: soybean aphid
subject: invasive species
subject: producer surplus
subject: consumer surplus
subject: Rag-1

description: We estimated the economic benefits resulting from controlling soybean aphid infestation by using a multi-regional competitive dynamic equilibrium model. Results indicate that the reduction of soybean production resulting from a soybean aphid infestation is largely absorbed by reducing soybean exports, due to the higher price elasticity of export demand compared to domestic demand. Producer benefits resulting from controlling soybean aphids would increase by between $949 million and $1.623 billion in ten years under various scenarios. Results also suggest that it is economically more efficient to control soybean aphids when the rate of intrinsic growth is relatively lower, the supply price elasticity of soybean acreage is relatively more elastic, and insecticide treatment costs per acre are lower. However, if the discovery of the gene Rag-1 (TF04048) leads to new cultivars that withstand the soybean aphid, our estimates will overestimate the actual damages. Even so, our analysis demonstrates that it is critical to control soybean aphids early in their infestation cycle to avoid a rapid increase in damages.
Fluctuating pulled fronts & Pomerons
Creators: name: Iancu, Edmond
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I give a physical discussion of the influence of particle number fluctuations on the high energy evolution in QCD. I emphasize the event-by-event description and the correspondence with the problem of `fluctuating pulled fronts' in statistical physics. I show that the correlations generated by fluctuations reduce the phase-space for BFKL evolution up to saturation. Because of that, the evolution `slows down', and the rate for the energy increase of the saturation momentum is considerably decreased. Also, the stochastic aspects inherent in fluctuations lead to the breakdown of geometric scaling and of the BFKL approximation. Finally, I explain the diagrammatic interpretation of the particle number fluctuations as initiators of the Pomeron loops.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures. Based on presentations given at the International Conference on Hard and Electromagnetic Probes of High Energy Nuclear Collisions (HP 2004), Ericeira, Portugal, 4-10 Nov 2004, and at Three Days of Hadronic Physics (HLPR04), Liege, Belgium, 16-18 Dec 2004
MPEC 2024-T273 : 2024 TT13
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 TT13

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Press Release: ASHVIN & StandICT.eu 2023 MoU Signed
Creators: name: Marill, Mona
name: Papanikolaou, Vasileios
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: H2020, Digital Twins, Construction, dissemination, communication, standardization

description: StandICT.eu 2023 & ASHVIN announces their collaboration boosting open standardisation for Digital Twins at a European scale. The StandICT.eu 2023 - a Coordination & Support Action supported under the European Commission Framework Programme of H20201t - is enthusiastic having signed a MoU with the ASHVIN that is a Horizon 2020 RIA initiative.
Silica Aerogel Thin Film on Improving Solar Cell Efficiency
Creators: name: Che, Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Silica aerogels are nanoporous materials with exceptional optical and physical properties, making them promising candidates to enhance solar cell efficiency as antireflective coatings. This study synthesized hydrophobic silica aerogel thin films under ambient conditions and characterized their porous structure, surface morphology, and optical performance. The films were deposited on monocrystalline silicon solar cells to assess their impact on photovoltaic properties. A two-step acid/base catalyzed sol-gel process was utilized, followed by solvent exchange and surface modification with trimethylchlorosilane. Structural analysis via SEM revealed successful deposition of crack-free films when aging occurred in an ethanol environment. The aerogel displayed considerable specific surface area (115 m2/g), porosity (77.92%), and surface roughness (55-78%) along with a low refractive index (1.05), benefiting light harvesting. Preliminary solar testing showed increased output voltage with a 0.2 mm aerogel coating versus a bare cell. Further IV measurements demonstrated enhanced charge transport and conversion efficiency for the treated cell. The antireflective and light-trapping effects of aerogel appear to improve photon absorption. This initial research validates the potential of ambient pressure-synthesized hydrophobic silica aerogels to increase the performance of silicon photovoltaics cost-effectively. Further optimization of film thickness and morphology could realize higher efficiency gains.
Multicultural practices of Canadian immigrant youth : "a work in progress"
Creators: name: Bisaro, Roberta A.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This ethnographic study is placed in a space between the principles and laws that come under the purview of multiculturalism and the way in which they are received and enacted in the everyday lives of student groups at a secondary school in Vancouver, BC. Using de Certeau's "logic of action," I view student multicultural practices are viewed as a set of "tactics" measured according to a principle of "usefulness" set against an official or ideological background of rights and privileges within a multiculturalism of mutual respect, integration, harmonious intergroup relations, social cohesion and a shared sense of Canadian identity. Student expressions of "distinctness," belonging and identity are examined using Charles Taylor's approach to a "Canadian multiculturalism." Student groups within a locale transform multiculturalism as policy into a tactical multiculturalism of "distinctness" in which propriety further suggests a multiculturalism based on recognition and individual rights. Using the ideas of Charles Taylor and Will Kymlicka, a system of "strong" (cohesive) and "weak" (fragmenting) multiculturalism is identified in the practices of three institutionally composed groups of students - "ESL," "Regular," and "IB." This system is further nuanced by taking account of a richly textured "background" or context in which multiculturalism is practiced. I arrived at an idea of multiculturality, a stylistic spectrum that varies from a passive multiculturalism of "distinctness" with its emphasis stereotypical and bounded forms, to an active style that looks more to historical contingencies and dynamics of context consistent with a Taylorian multiculturalism of dialogue, a discussion of value moving towards a "fusion of horizons" (Gadamer). Based on the study, some suggestions are made regarding pedagogical directions with respect to multiculturality.
Simultaneous field-free molecular orientation and planar delocalization by THz laser pulses
Creators: name: Sugny, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study shows the unexpected and counter-intuitive possibility of simultaneously orienting a molecule while delocalizing its molecular axis in a plane in field-free conditions. The corresponding quantum states are characterized and different control strategies using shaped THz laser pulses are proposed to reach such states at zero and nonzero temperatures. The robustness against temperature effects of a simple control procedure combining a laser and a THz pulse is shown. Such control strategies can be applied not only to linear molecules but also to symmetric top molecules.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures
A Blueprint for Reform of the WTO Agreement on Agriculture
Creators: name: Zahrnt, Valentin
name: Zahrnt, Valentin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Food Security and Poverty
International Relations/Trade
Political Economy

description: As the Doha negotiations are at a dead end, this paper takes a step back to address the future direction of WTO disciplines in agriculture. It puts members’ negotiating positions and the draft modalities with their ever growing list of exceptions aside to focus on three fundamental questions. First, which agricultural policy instruments should be permitted or prohibited by WTO disciplines so as to best account for the manifold effects of agriculture on societies’ welfare? Second, how should inefficient agricultural policies be treated as long as their removal is politically infeasible? And third, how can the WTO facilitate agricultural policy reform beyond establishing maximum thresholds for distorting policies? The paper argues for moving from the current ‘boxes’ of domestic subsidies to a classification system that is more responsive to the differing degree of legitimacy of agricultural policy instruments. It also proposes to introduce ‘good governance’ norms that guide members’ decision-making in agriculture towards policies that are at the same time domestically efficient and internationally responsible.
Additional trees from New material of Epiaceratherium and a new species of Mesaceratherium clear up the phylogeny of early rhinocerotidae (perissodactyla)
Creators: name: Tissier, Jérémy
name: Pierre-Olivier Antoine
name: Becker, Damien
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 40308 Palaeontology (incl. Palynology)
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Trees or consensus trees resulting from the parsimony analyses presented in Table 5, in pdf format
Sarcophaga (Discachaeta) arcipes Pandelle 1896
Creators: name: Schlüsslmayr, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Sarcophagidae
Sarcophaga
Sarcophaga arcipes

description: Sarcophaga (Discachaeta) arcipes PANDELLE, 1896
Bgld, Donnerskirchen, Kirchberg, 25.4.17, 2 Ex und 22.6.17; Hornstein, Ruine, 10.5.17, 4 Ex; Illmitz, Hölle, 11.6.17; Neusiedl, Kalvarienberg, 30.5.17; St. Georgen b. Eisenstadt, Hetscherlberg, 22.5.17 und 19.7.17, 3 Ex; Winden, Hackelsberg, 30.4.17, 3 Ex und 9.6.17, 10 Ex.
Neu für Burgenland.
description: Published as part of Schlüsslmayr, Gerhard, 2018, Erstnachweise von Fliegen (Diptera) für Österreich und einige Bundesländer, pp. 765-800 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (1) on page 788, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4004374
Casimir elements and kernel of Weitzenbök derivation
Creators: name: Bedratyuk, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13N15;13A50;13F20

description: Let $k[X]{:=} k[x_0,x_1,..., x_n]$ be a polynomial algebra over a field $k$ of characteristic zero. We offer an algorithm for calculation of kernel of Weitzenbök derivation ${d(x_i)=x_{i-1}}, ...,$ ${d(x_0)=0}$, ${i=1... n}$ that is based on an analogue of the well known Casimir elements of finite dimensional Lie algebras. By using this algorithm, the kernel is calculated in the case $n <7$.
description: 14 pages
Changes of Material Elastic Properties during Healing of Ruptured Achilles Tendons Measured with Shear Wave Elastography: A Pilot Study
Creators: name: Frankewycz, Borys
name: Henssler, Leopold
name: Weber, Johannes
name: Platz Batista da Silva, Natascha
name: Koch, Matthias
name: Jung, Ernst Michael
name: Docheva, Denitsa
name: Alt, Volker
name: Pfeifer, Christian G.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Achilles tendon healing; Achilles tendon biomechanical properties; shear wave elastography
subject: 610 Medizin

description: herapy options for ruptured Achilles tendons need to take into account the right balance of timing, amount and intensity of loading to ensure a sufficient biomechanical resilience of the healing tendon on the one hand, and to enable an adequate tensile stimulus on the other hand. However, biomechanical data of human Achilles tendons after rupture during the separate healing stages are unknown. Shear wave elastography is an ultrasound technique that measures material elastic properties non-invasively, and was proven to have a very good correlation to biomechanical studies. Taking advantage of this technology, 12 patients who suffered from an acute Achilles tendon rupture were acquired and monitored through the course of one year after rupture. Nine of these patients were treated non-operatively and were included for the analysis of biomechanical behaviour. A significant increase of material elastic properties was observed within the first six weeks after trauma (up to 80% of baseline value), where it reached a plateau phase. A second significant increase occurred three to six months after injury. This pilot study suggests a time correlation of biomechanical properties with the biological healing phases of tendon tissue. In the reparative phase, a substantial amount of biomechanical resilience is restored already, but the final stage of biomechanical stability is reached in the maturation phase. These findings can potentially be implemented into treatment and aftercare protocols.
Agricultural R&D in the Phillippines: policy, investments, and institutional profile
Creators: name: Stads, Gert-Jan
name: Faylon, Patricio S.
name: Buendia, Leah J.
name: Stads, Gert-Jan
name: Faylon, Patricio S.
name: Buendia, Leah J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: This report presents an overview of the Philippine national agricultural R&D system in the context of the country’s wider national science and technology (S&T) policy. The discussion includes institutional developments and recent trends in human and financial resources based on data collected under the Agricultural Science and Technology Indicators (ASTI) initiative. With a total of close to 4,000 full-time equivalent researchers in 2002, the Philippines has one of the largest agricultural research systems in Asia. But in terms of total agricultural research spending, the Philippines ranks behind more economically advanced Asian countries such as Malaysia and South Korea. Nonetheless, agricultural R&D spending in the Philippines has shown significant growth in recent years. In 2002, the country invested $269 million in agricultural R&D (in 2000 international dollars), which is an increase of two-thirds over the level recorded a decade earlier. Public agricultural R&D in the Philippines is heavily reliant on government sources of support. In 2002, the Philippine government provided more than 85 percent of funding to the government agencies. In recent years, however, the share of internally generated resources has gradually increased. Foreign donor support plays only a marginal role in the Philippine agricultural R&D system, distinguishing it from some other countries in the region. The organization of public agricultural R&D in the Philippines is complex. The Philippine Council for Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Resources Research and Development (PCARRD) acts as the central coordinating body providing support to 132 implementing R&D agencies collectively called the National Agriculture and Resources Research and Development Network (NARRDN) as well as 14 region-based consortia. Compared to most countries in the Asia-Pacific region, the private sector plays a relatively important role in conducting agricultural R&D in the Philippines. We estimated that about 18 percent of total (public and private) spending in agricultural R&D was done by the private sector, mostly fruit plantations.
XMM-Newton observations of warm absorbers in PG quasars
Creators: name: Ashton, C. E.
name: Page, M. J.
name: Blustin, A. J.
name: Puchnarewicz, E. M.
name: Branduardi-Raymont, G.
name: Mason, K. O.
name: Cordova, F. A.
name: Priedhorsky, W. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present XMM-Newton EPIC observations of warm absorbers in the quasars PG 1114+445 and PG 1309+355, both of which exhibit evidence for absorption by warm material in the line-of-sight. We find the absorption in PG 1114+445 to be in two phases, a `hot' phase with a log ionisation parameter xi of 2.57, and a `cooler' phase with log xi of 0.83; an unresolved transition array (UTA) of M-shell iron is observed in the cooler phase. The absorption in this quasar is similar to that observed in the Seyfert 1 NGC 3783. The absorption in PG 1309+355 consists of a single phase, with log xi of 1.87. The absorbing gas lies at distances of 10^{18} - 10^{22} cm from the continuum radiation sources in these AGN, which suggests that it could originate in a wind emanating from a molecular torus. We derive distances assuming that these X-ray warm absorbers have the same velocity as the UV warm absorbers observed in these quasars. The distances to the warm absorbers from the central continuum source scale approximately with the square root of the AGN ionising luminosity, a result consistent with the warm absorber originating as a torus wind. The kinetic luminosities of these outflowing absorbers represent insignificant fractions (< 10^{-3}) of the energy budgets of the AGN.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Supplementary Materials from Immune-challenged vampire bats produce fewer contact calls
Creators: name: Stockmaier, Sebastian
name: Bolnick, Daniel I.
name: Page, Rachel A.
name: Josic, Darija
name: Carter, Gerald G.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary materials include Figure S1 and S2. Both show temporal contact call dynamics after the immune-challenge and control injections.
A natural graph of finite fields distinguishing between models
Creators: name: Karlsson, Anders
name: Kuhn, Gaëtan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We define a graph structure associated in a natural way to finite fields that nevertheless distinguishes between different models of isomorphic fields.
A Novel Approach for Dimensionality Reduction and Classification of Hyperspectral Images based on Normalized Synergy
Creators: name: Elmaizi, Asma
name: Nhaila, Hasna
name: Sarhrouni, Elkebir
name: Hammouch, Ahmed
name: Chafik, Nacir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: During the last decade, hyperspectral images have attracted increasing interest from researchers worldwide. They provide more detailed information about an observed area and allow an accurate target detection and precise discrimination of objects compared to classical RGB and multispectral images. Despite the great potentialities of hyperspectral technology, the analysis and exploitation of the large volume data remain a challenging task. The existence of irrelevant redundant and noisy images decreases the classification accuracy. As a result, dimensionality reduction is a mandatory step in order to select a minimal and effective images subset. In this paper, a new filter approach normalized mutual synergy (NMS) is proposed in order to detect relevant bands that are complementary in the class prediction better than the original hyperspectral cube data. The algorithm consists of two steps: images selection through normalized synergy information and pixel classification. The proposed approach measures the discriminative power of the selected bands based on a combination of their maximal normalized synergic information, minimum redundancy and maximal mutual information with the ground truth. A comparative study using the support vector machine (SVM) and k-nearest neighbor (KNN) classifiers is conducted to evaluate the proposed approach compared to the state of art band selection methods. Experimental results on three benchmark hyperspectral images proposed by the NASA "Aviris Indiana Pine", "Salinas" and "Pavia University" demonstrated the robustness, effectiveness and the discriminative power of the proposed approach over the literature approaches. Keywords: Hyperspectral images; target detection; pixel classification; dimensionality reduction; band selection; information theory; mutual information; normalized synergy
Beyond group ranch subdivision: collective action for livestock mobility, ecological viability, and livelihoods
Creators: name: BurnSilver, Shauna
name: Mwangi, Esther
name: BurnSilver, Shauna
name: Mwangi, Esther
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Kajiado
subject: Mobility
subject: Flexibility
subject: Pastoralism
subject: Collective Action
subject: Subdivision
subject: Group Ranches

description: This paper leverages datasets and results from two separate studies carried out across eight Kajiado group ranches and offers a unique opportunity to look at emergent pre- and post-subdivision trends from an interdisciplinary framework that combines ecological, political, and human-ecological research perspectives. It provides insights into the following issues: the loss of flexibility and mobility for Maasai herders’ dues to subdivision, the nature of collective activities that individuals pursue after subdivision, and the emergence of pasture sharing arrangements. NDVI profiles show that forage options for individual herders decrease dramatically under privatization, but rebound somewhat when parcels are shared between households located adjacent to each other. Interviews show that households redistribute portions of their herds for long periods and swap/share pastures. Parcel sharing translates into more grazing flexibility, particularly when it occurs between households in different locations. The Maasai also continue to develop and finance collective structures for the provision and maintenance of boreholes, earthen dams, schools and health clinics. Although new economic innovation characterizes some of these strategies, most are grounded within traditional social networking mores. There is need for policy makers to support these efforts as they evolve.
Quasi-free production of the eta and eta-prime mesons in nucleon-nucleon collisions
Creators: name: Stepaniak, J.
name: Calen, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some aspects of the quasi-free production of mesons in the near threshold region are discussed. A method of data analysis used by WASA/PROMICE Collaboration to extract the excitation function for eta production on neutron target is briefly presented. Feasibility of similar study with WASA at COSY is discussed.
description: Invited talk given at 2nd Symposium on Threshold Meson Production in p p and p d Interactions (Extended COSY-11 Collaboration Meeting), Cracow, Poland, 31 May - 3 Jun 2004, 7 pages, 5 figures
Recent Developments on the HI Gas of Low-Redshift Galaxies Seen by the 21cm Emission Lines
Creators: name: Wang, Jing
name: Lin, Xuchen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a major interstellar medium, the atomic neutral hydrogen (HI) plays an important role in the galaxy evolution. It provides the ingredient for star formation, and sensitively traces the internal processes and external perturbations influencing the galaxy. With the beginning of many new radio telescopes and surveys, HI may make a more significant contribution to the understanding of galaxies in the near future. This review discusses the major development of the $21\,\text{cm}$ emission-line HI observations and studies in the past few years, including its scaling relations with other galaxy properties, its kinematics and structures, its role in environmental studies, and its constraints on hydrodynamical simulations. The local-Universe HI scaling relations of stellar-mass--selected samples extend smoothly to $10^9\,\text{M}_\odot$ stellar mass, with a tentative evolution to the redshift of ${\sim}0.1$. The development of measurement techniques enables better estimations of HI non-circular motion, dispersion, and thickness, and new observations revealed extended or extra-planar HI structures, both helpfully constraining the gas accretion, stellar feedback, and star formation processes of galaxy evolution models. HI is very useful for tracing the on-going satellite evolution in dense environments, the studies of which would benefit from ongoing blind HI surveys. Though simulations still cannot fully reproduce HI gas properties, they help to understand the role of possible factors in regulating HI properties. We also discuss possible future progress with new observations at FAST.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures, invited review for the FAST special issue of CPL
Sarcophaga (Discachaeta) cucullans Pandelle 1896
Creators: name: Schlüsslmayr, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Sarcophagidae
Sarcophaga
Sarcophaga cucullans

description: Sarcophaga (Discachaeta) cucullans PANDELLE, 1896
Bgld, Donnerskirchen, Kirchberg, 22.6.17; Illmitz, Hölle, 11.6.17, 9 Ex, 14.6.17 und 18.7.17; St. Georgen b. Eisenstadt, Hetscherlberg, 22.5.17; St. Margarethen, NSG Nord, 6.5.17, 12 Ex; St. Margarethen, NSG Süd, 6.5.17, 3 Ex.
Neu für Burgenland. Keine Fundangaben in FRANZ (1989), aber nach Fauna Europaea auch in Ö präsent. POVOLNY (2000) gibt die Art von den Hundsheimer Bergen an.
description: Published as part of Schlüsslmayr, Gerhard, 2018, Erstnachweise von Fliegen (Diptera) für Österreich und einige Bundesländer, pp. 765-800 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (1) on page 788, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4004374
Resolving Discrepancy between Liouvillian Gap and Relaxation Time in Boundary-Dissipated Quantum Many-Body Systems
Creators: name: Mori, Takashi
name: Shirai, Tatsuhiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gap of the Liouvillian spectrum gives the asymptotic decay rate of a quantum dissipative system, and therefore its inverse has been identified as the slowest relaxation time. In contrary to this common belief, we show that the relaxation time due to diffusive transports in a boundary dissipated many-body quantum system is determined not by the gap or low-lying eigenvalues of the Liouvillian but by superexponentially large expansion coefficients for Liouvillian eigenvectors with non-small eigenvalues at an initial state. This finding resolves an apparent discrepancy reported in the literature between the inverse of the Liouvillian gap and the relaxation time in dissipative many-body quantum systems.
description: 5+7 pages
Measuring the benefits of social science research
Creators: name: Smith, Vincent H.
name: Smith, Vincent H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: This paper addresses two questions. The first is “What are the benefits of social science research?”; the second is “How should they be measured?” The response to the first is that, as with research in the physical sciences, the benefits should be identified in terms of changes in economic surplus for different groups. It may be useful to use a framework that considers the incidence of the effects of social science research on firms, households, and government agencies. The response to the second question is that estimating returns to social science research using conventional econometric techniques may be particularly difficult. Instead, it may be necessary to resort to a case study approach, but care must be taken to ensure that the cases selected for study are genuinely representative.
Transmitting qudits through larger quantum channels
Creators: name: Amosov, Grigory G.
name: Mancini, Stefano
name: Man'ko, Vladimir I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the problem of transmitting states belonging to finite dimensional Hilbert space through a quantum channel associated with a larger (even infinite dimensional) Hilbert space.
description: 5 pages, ReVTeX, minor changes, to appear in J. Phys. A