title: Investigation of heat pipes-based hybrid battery thermal management system for electric vehicle applications
title: heat pipe based hybrid BTMS in EVs
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Burkitbayev, Arman
Publisher: name: University of Surrey
Year: 2025
Subjects: heat pipe,
Lithium ion battery

description: It has become more apparent that vehicle electrification is a growing trend within
description: the automotive industry. A key technology driving this trend is lithium-ion batteries,
description: which power most electric vehicles. Lithium-ion batteries, however, can overheat
description: when they are operating at high dis/charge rate or in hot environments, resulting
description: in reduced lifespan and efficiency, as well as their performance can be greatly
description: reduced in cold weather. Modeling and experimental approaches were used in
description: conjunctions. As part of the modelling methodology, numerical simulations were
description: used to optimize heat pipe layout, cooling channel dimensions, and fin
description: configurations, and these simulations were validated using HPPC data and a
description: thermal resistance network. An experimental evaluation of thermal performance
description: was conducted under controlled conditions with prototypes demonstrating a
description: significant reduction in maximum temperature and uniformity across the system
description: as a result.. Therefore, appropriate battery thermal management system is
description: essential to ensure optimal performance and safety of lithium-ion batteries. The
description: aim of this PhD research is optimizing the design of the cooling channel and heat
description: pipe to address key fundamental challenges in the heat pipe-based hybrid cooling
description: battery thermal management system (HBTMS) by integrating active and passive
description: cooling techniques. By integrating active and passive cooling techniques the
description: main target of the design is to maintain the maximum temperature within 40°C,
description: and the temperature difference between batterie cells within 5°C, and minimise
description: the power consumption of the cooling system.
description: There are three main contributions of the research:
description: 1) This research identifies the bottleneck of the BTMS system and optimises
description: the design, pinpointing the weakness of the system. The following
description: questions are answered:
description: - What effect does the size of the cooling channel have on the efficiency
description: of heat transfer?
description: - How does incorporating flow deflectors and fins affect the performance
description: of BTMS?
description: - In what ways do the material properties of fins affect the cooling
description: performance of the system?
description: Finally, it is found out that fins applied to heat pipes test cases dropped
description: maximum temperature from 59°C to 45°C, showing effective solution. In
description: addition, it is advised to study the materials of fins and its effects on BTMS.
description: 2) The heat pipe layout is investigated in detail to optimize the system design.
description: – What are the effects of variations in the condensation and adiabatic
description: section ratios of heat pipes on their thermal resistance?
description: - How does bending the condenser section of the heat pipe at a 90°C
description: angle affect heat transfer efficiency?
description: As a result, bending heat pipe increased the thermal resistance of the
description: system by 8% from 52°C to 56°C while reducing adiabatic section from
description: 60mm to 5mm achieved 3°C temperature drop.
description: 3) A scalable module-level HBTMS model is developed. The model includes heat
description: pipe model, and ECM battery model that is created relying with HPPC data, as
description: well as a thermal resistance network model that is validated experimentally. This
description: approach allows the development of pack level thermal management solutions
description: that can be adapted and integrated in vehicle model. As a result, the study is able
description: to provide a comprehensive framework for system-level optimization, which
description: facilities the design of efficient, scalable thermal management systems for
description: batteries. Apart from that, as a result of this novel approach, EVs are able to
description: address critical challenges faced in extreme weather conditions by providing s
description: callable solution that can be used for cooling. in addition, advancing knowledge
description: of heat pipe optimization in TMSs, these results provide new opportunities for
description: designing efficient, dual-function BTMS designs for the next generation of EVs.