cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Antihyperon potentials in nuclei via exclusive antiproton-nucleus reactions
Creators: name: Sanchez-Lorente, A.
name: Bleser, S.
name: Steinen, M.
name: Pochodzalla, J.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Anatomy of inclusive $t\overline{t}W$ production at hadron colliders
Creators: name: von Buddenbrock, Stefan
name: Ruiz, Richard
name: Mellado, Bruce
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In LHC searches for new and rare phenomena the top-associated channel $pp \to t\overline{t}W^\pm +X$ is a challenging background that multilepton analyses must overcome. Motivated by sustained measurements of enhanced rates of same-sign and multi-lepton final states, we reexamine the importance of higher jet multiplicities in $pp \to t\overline{t}W^\pm +X$ that enter at $\mathcal{O}(α_s^3α)$ and $\mathcal{O}(α_s^4α)$, i.e., that contribute at NLO and NNLO in QCD in inclusive $t\overline{t}W^\pm$ production. Using fixed-order computations, we estimate that a mixture of real and virtual corrections at $\mathcal{O}(α_s^4α)$ in well-defined regions of phase space can arguably increase the total $t\overline{t}W^\pm$ rate at NLO by at least $10\%-14\%$. However, by using non-unitary NLO multi-jet matching, we estimate that these same corrections are at most $10\%-12\%$, and at the same time exhibit the enhanced jet multiplicities that are slightly favored by data. This seeming incongruity suggests a need for the full NNLO result. We comment on implications for the $t\overline{t}Z$ process.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures (7 files), 3 tables, journal version (results unchanged)
The Substellar Mass Function: A Bayesian Approach
Creators: name: Allen, P. R.
name: Koerner, D. W.
name: Reid, I. N.
name: Trilling, D. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report our efforts to constrain the form of the low-mass star and brown dwarf mass function via Bayesian inference. Recent surveys of M, L, and T dwarfs in the local solar neighborhood are an essential component of our study. Uncertainties in the age distribution of local field stars make reliable inference complicated. We adopt a wide range of plausible assumptions about the rate of galactic star formation and show that their deviations from a uniform rate produce little effect on the resulting luminosity function for a given mass function. We use a Bayesian statistical formalism to evaluate the probability of commonly used mass functions in light of recent discoveries. We consider three functional forms of the mass function, include a two-segment power law, a single power law with a low-mass cutoff, and a log-normal distribution. Our results show that, at a 60% confidence level, the power-law index, $α$, for the low-mass arm of a two-segment power law has a value between -0.5 and 0.5 for objects with masses between $0.04 M_{\odot}$ and $0.10 M_{\odot}$. The best-fit index is $α= 0.3\pm0.6$ at the 60% confidence level for a single-segment mass function. Current data require this function extend to at least $0.05 M_{\odot}$ with no restrictions placed on a lower mass cutoff. Inferences of the parameter values for a log-normal mass function are virtually unaffected by recent estimates of the local space density of L and T dwarfs. We find no preference among these three forms using this method. We discuss current and future capabilities that may eventually discriminate between mass-function models and refine estimates of their associated parameter values.
description: 40 pages, 15 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
A non disturbing monitoring system for cluster beams
Creators: name: Grieser, S.
name: Bonaventura, D.
name: Hergemöller, A.
name: Hetz, B.
name: Hordt, F.
name: Köhler, E.
name: Täschner, A.
name: Khoukaz, A.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Sensing Capacity for Markov Random Fields
Creators: name: Rachlin, Yaron
name: Negi, Rohit
name: Khosla, Pradeep
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper computes the sensing capacity of a sensor network, with sensors of limited range, sensing a two-dimensional Markov random field, by modeling the sensing operation as an encoder. Sensor observations are dependent across sensors, and the sensor network output across different states of the environment is neither identically nor independently distributed. Using a random coding argument, based on the theory of types, we prove a lower bound on the sensing capacity of the network, which characterizes the ability of the sensor network to distinguish among environments with Markov structure, to within a desired accuracy.
description: To appear in the proceedings of the 2005 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory, Adelaide, Australia, September 4-9, 2005
High-dimensional quantum Fourier transform of twisted light
Creators: name: Kysela, Jaroslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Fourier transform proves indispensable in the processing of classical information as well as in the quantum domain, where it finds many applications ranging from state reconstruction to prime factoring. An implementation scheme of the $d$-dimensional Fourier transform acting on single photons is known that uses the path encoding and requires $O(d \log d)$ optical elements. In this paper we present an alternative design that uses the orbital angular momentum as a carrier of information and needs only $O(\sqrt{d}\log d)$ elements, rendering the path-encoded design inefficient. The advantageous scaling and the fact that our approach uses only conventional optical elements allows for the implementation of a 256-dimensional Fourier transform with the existing technology. Improvements to our design, as well as explicit setups for low dimensions, are also presented.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures; section on losses added, section on higher-oam subspaces expanded
The Cosmic Ray Signature of Dark Matter Caustics
Creators: name: Mohayaee, Roya
name: Salati, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational collapse of dark matter, merger of dark matter haloes and tidal disruption of satellites are among processes which lead to the formation of fine and dense dark matter shells, also known as dark matter caustics. The putative weakly interacting species which may form the dark matter are expected to strongly annihilate in these dense regions of the Milky Way halo and generate in particular antiprotons and positrons. We derive the flux of these rare antimatter particles at the Earth and show that it depends significantly on the cut-off radius of the dark matter distribution at the galactic centre. Boost factors of ~30 are found with respect to a smooth NFW profile for high-energy antiprotons and low-energy positrons if this cut-off radius is taken to be 300 pc -- a somewhat extreme value though. This yields a detectable antiproton signal around hundreds of Gev in models where the annihilation cross section today is enhanced by non--perturbative effects as in the generic case of a heavy Wino. However, dark matter caustics cannot provide a better explanation for the HEAT excess reported above ~10 GeV than a smooth NFW or isothermal cored distribution.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures, version to appear in MNRAS
Design and special features of the cluster-jet target for PANDA
Creators: name: Hergemöller, A.
name: Bonaventura, D.
name: Grieser, S.
name: Hetz, B.
name: Hordt, F.
name: Köhler, E.
name: Täschner, A.
name: Khoukaz, A.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Greinacher, Norbert: Konflikt um die Theologie der Befreiung
Creators: name: Planer-Friedrich, Götz
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 35 Nr. 1 (1986): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 35, Heft 1
A new production process of laval nozzles
Creators: name: Grieser, S.
name: Bonaventura, D.
name: Hergemöller, A.
name: Hetz, B.
name: Hordt, F.
name: Köhler, E.
name: Täschner, A.
name: Khoukaz, A.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Fractal Approach to Large-Scale Galaxy Distribution
Creators: name: Baryshev, Yurij
name: Teerikorpi, Pekka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a review of the history and the present state of the fractal approach to the large-scale distribution of galaxies. Angular correlation function was used as a general instrument for the structure analysis. It was realized later that a normalization condition for the reduced correlation function estimator results in distorted values for both R_{hom} and fractal dimension D. Moreover, according to a theorem on projections of fractals, galaxy angular catalogues can not be used for detecting a structure with the fractal dimension D>2. For this 3-d maps are required, and indeed modern extensive redshift-based 3-d maps have revealed the ``hidden'' fractal dimension of about 2, and have confirmed superclustering at scales even up to 500 Mpc (e.g. the Sloan Great Wall). On scales, where the fractal analysis is possible in completely embedded spheres, a power--law density field has been found. The fractal dimension D =2.2 +- 0.2 was directly obtained from 3-d maps and R_{hom} has expanded from 10 Mpc to scales approaching 100 Mpc. In concordance with the 3-d map results, modern all sky galaxy counts in the interval 10^m - 15^m give a 0.44m-law which corresponds to D=2.2 within a radius of 100h^{-1}_{100} Mpc. We emphasize that the fractal mass--radius law of galaxy clustering has become a key phenomenon in observational cosmology.
description: 95 pages, 8 figures
Perceptions of influence over funding decisions in interuniversity athletics
Creators: name: Long, Julie A.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Political behaviour and decision-making have been central themes in the organizational theory and organizational behaviour literature for decades (cf. Bass, 1983; Hickson, Butler, Cray, Mallory, & Wilson, 1986; Pettigrew, 1973; Pfeffer, 1981, 1992; Riker, 1964). As Mintzberg (1983) suggested, " i f we are to improve the functioning of our organizations from within...then we must understand the power relationships that surround and infuse them" (p. 1). Many researchers have studied the concept of power as it pertains to intercollegiate athletics in the United States (cf. Fleisher, Goff & Tollison, 1992, Frey, 1982, 1985a, 1985b; Koch, 1982; Nyquist, 1985; Padilla & Baumer, 1994). However, literature with respect to power and the Canadian interuniversity athletic system is somewhat more limited in its scope (Armstrong-Doherty, 1995a, 1995b; Hill, 1996; Hill & Kikulis, 1999; Inglis, 1991). Using a framework developed by Hickson et al. (1986), this study examined the perceived level of influence exhibited by senior administrators and Canadian Interuniversity Athletic Union (CIAU) head coaches over funding decisions in an interuniversity athletics department. This study revealed how power is wielded by various individuals and interest groups who are affected by strategic funding decisions. "Retrenchment and the reallocation of resources have changed the complexion of Canadian universities and their athletic programs" (Schneider, 1997, p. 88) and as athletic departments realign their budgets and seek funding from non-traditional sources in the face of further financial cutbacks, more research was needed that addressed this issue of influence over funding decisions. This study helped to fill some of the gaps in the current literature by answering the following three questions: (1) who is perceived to influence funding decisions, (2) what means of influence are used, and (3) to what extent do policies and procedures dictate funding decisions. In order to fulfill the purpose of this research, a single-case study approach involving the use of semi-structured interviews, observations and document analyses was used to collect data at a large university in Western Canada. A qualitative data analysis software program was used to analyze the results of this study. Results indicated that head coaches of high priority sport teams tended to be perceived as having more influence over funding decisions than coaches of low priority teams. As well, an individual's position in the department appeared to affect his/her perceived level of influence in the department. The methods of influence most commonly used by individuals in the athletic department included displays of emotion and reason. Finally, results indicated that in this particular organization, policies and procedures did not impact on the decision-making process. These results have important implications for strategic decision-making in interuniversity athletics departments.
Wide flat minima and optimal generalization in classifying high-dimensional Gaussian mixtures
Creators: name: Baldassi, Carlo
name: Malatesta, Enrico M.
name: Negri, Matteo
name: Zecchina, Riccardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We analyze the connection between minimizers with good generalizing properties and high local entropy regions of a threshold-linear classifier in Gaussian mixtures with the mean squared error loss function. We show that there exist configurations that achieve the Bayes-optimal generalization error, even in the case of unbalanced clusters. We explore analytically the error-counting loss landscape in the vicinity of a Bayes-optimal solution, and show that the closer we get to such configurations, the higher the local entropy, implying that the Bayes-optimal solution lays inside a wide flat region. We also consider the algorithmically relevant case of targeting wide flat minima of the (differentiable) mean squared error loss. Our analytical and numerical results show not only that in the balanced case the dependence on the norm of the weights is mild, but also, in the unbalanced case, that the performances can be improved.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2006.07897
Mixed EW-QCD leading fermionic three-loop corrections at $\mathcal{O}(α_sα^2)$ to electroweak precision observables
Creators: name: Chen, Lisong
name: Freitas, Ayres
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements of electroweak precision observables at future electron-positron colliders, such as the CEPC, FCC-ee, and ILC, will be sensitive to physics at multi-TeV scales. To achieve this sensitivity, precise predictions for the Standard Model expectations of these observables are needed, including corrections at the three- and four-loop level. In this article, results are presented for the calculation of a subset of three-loop mixed electroweak-QCD corrections, stemming from diagrams with a gluon exchange and two closed fermion loops. The numerical impact of these corrections is illustrated for a number of applications: the prediction of the W-boson mass from the Fermi constant, the effective weak mixing angle, and the partial and total widths of the Z boson. Two alternative renormalization schemes for the top-quark mass are considered, on-shell and $\overline{\mbox{MS}}$.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
Sub-second time evolution of Type III solar radio burst sources at fundamental and harmonic frequencies
Creators: name: Chen, Xingyao
name: Kontar, Eduard P.
name: Chrysaphi, Nicolina
name: Jeffrey, Natasha L. S.
name: Gordovskyy, Mykola
name: Yan, Yihua
name: Tan, Baolin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent developments in astronomical radio telescopes opened new opportunities in imaging and spectroscopy of solar radio bursts at sub-second timescales. Imaging in narrow frequency bands has revealed temporal variations in the positions and source sizes that do not fit into the standard picture of type III solar radio bursts, and require a better understanding of radio-wave transport. In this paper, we utilise 3D Monte Carlo ray-tracing simulations that account for the anisotropic density turbulence in the inhomogeneous solar corona to quantitatively explain the image dynamics at the fundamental (near plasma frequency) and harmonic (double) plasma emissions observed at \sim 32~MHz. Comparing the simulations with observations, we find that anisotropic scattering from an instantaneous emission point source can account for the observed time profiles, centroid locations, and source sizes of the fundamental component of type III radio bursts (generated where f_{pe} \approx 32~MHz). The best agreement with observations is achieved when the ratio of the perpendicular to the parallel component of the wave vector of anisotropic density turbulence is around 0.25. Harmonic emission sources observed at the same frequency (\sim 32~MHz, but generated where f_{pe} \approx 16~MHz) have apparent sizes comparable to those produced by the fundamental emission, but demonstrate a much slower temporal evolution. The simulations of radio-wave propagation make it possible to quantitatively explain the variations of apparent source sizes and positions at sub-second time-scales both for the fundamental and harmonic emissions, and can be used as a diagnostic tool for the plasma turbulence in the upper corona.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures, accepted
Active Brownian Motion with Directional Reversals
Creators: name: Santra, Ion
name: Basu, Urna
name: Sabhapandit, Sanjib
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Active Brownian motion with intermittent direction reversals are common in a class of bacteria like {\it Myxococcus xanthus} and {\it Pseudomonas putida}. We show that, for such a motion in two dimensions, the presence of the two time scales set by the rotational diffusion constant $D_R$ and the reversal rate $γ$ gives rise to four distinct dynamical regimes: (I) $t\ll \min (γ^{-1}, D_R^{-1}),$ (II) $γ^{-1}\ll t\ll D_R^{-1}$, (III) $D_R^{-1} \ll t \ll γ^{-1}$, and (IV) $t\gg \max (γ^{-1}$, $D_R^{-1})$, showing distinct behaviors. We characterize these behaviors by analytically computing the position distribution and persistence exponents. The position distribution shows a crossover from a strongly non-diffusive and anisotropic behavior at short-times to a diffusive isotropic behavior via an intermediate regime (II) or (III). In regime (II), we show that, the position distribution along the direction orthogonal to the initial orientation is a function of the scaled variable $z\propto x_{\perp}/t$ with a non-trivial scaling function, $f(z)=(2π^3)^{-1/2}Γ(1/4+iz)Γ(1/4-iz)$. Furthermore, by computing the exact first-passage time distribution, we show that a novel persistence exponent $α=1$ emerges due to the direction reversal in this regime.
A theory of the electric quadrupole contribution to resonant x-ray scattering: Application to multipole ordering phases in Ce_{1-x}La_{x}B_{6}
Creators: name: Nagao, Tatsuya
name: Igarashi, Jun-ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the electric quadrupole (E2) contribution to resonant x-ray scattering (RXS). Under the assumption that the rotational invariance is preserved in the Hamiltonian describing the intermediate state of scattering, we derive a useful expression for the RXS amplitude. One of the advantages the derived expression possesses is the full information of the energy dependence, lacking in all the previous studies using the fast collision approximation. The expression is also helpful to classify the spectra into multipole order parameters which are brought about. The expression is suitable to investigate the RXS spectra in the localized f electron systems. We demonstrate the usefulness of the formula by calculating the RXS spectra at the Ce L_{2,3} edges in Ce_{1-x}La_{x}B_{6} on the basis of the formula. We obtain the spectra as a function of energy in agreement with the experiment of Ce_{0.7}La_{0.3}B_{6}. Analyzing the azimuthal angle dependence, we find the sixfold symmetry in the σ-σ' channel and the threefold onein the σ-π' channel not only in the antiferrooctupole (AFO) ordering phase but also in the antiferroquadrupole (AFQ) ordering phase, which behavior depends strongly on the domain distribution. The sixfold symmetry in the AFQ phase arises from the simultaneously induced hexadecapole order. Although the AFO order is plausible for phase IV in Ce_{1-x}La_{x}B_{6}, the possibility of the AFQ order may not be ruled out on the basis of azimuthal angle dependence alone.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Dust in Resonant Extrasolar Kuiper Belts - Grain Size and Wavelength Dependence of Disk Structure
Creators: name: Wyatt, M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper considers the distribution of dust which originates in the break-up of planetesimals that are trapped in resonance with a planet. There are three grain populations with different spatial distributions: (I) large grains have the clumpy resonant distribution of the planetesimals; (II) moderate sized grains are no longer in resonance and have an axisymmetric distribution; (III) small grains are blown out of the system by radiation pressure and have a distribution which falls off oc 1/r, however these grains can be further divided into subclasses: (IIIa) grains produced from pop I that exhibit trailing spiral structure emanating from the clumps; and (IIIb) grains produced from pop II that have an axisymmetric distribution. Since observations in different wavebands are sensitive to different sized dust grains, multi-wavelength imaging can be used to test models for the origin of debris disk structure. For example, a disk with no blow-out grains would appear clumpy in the sub-mm, but smooth at mid- to far-IR wavelengths. The wavelength of the transition is indicative of the mass of the perturbing planet. The size distribution of Vega's disk is modeled in the light of the recent Spitzer observations. The origin of the large quantities of pop III grains seen by Spitzer must be in the destruction of the grains seen in the sub-mm, and so at high resolution and sensitivity the mid- to far-IR structure of Vega's disk is predicted to include spiral structure emanating from the sub-mm clumps.
description: 12 pages, accepted by ApJ
Newtonian Fractional-Dimension Gravity and Rotationally Supported Galaxies
Creators: name: Varieschi, Gabriele U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We continue our analysis of Newtonian Fractional-Dimension Gravity, an extension of the standard laws of Newtonian gravity to lower dimensional spaces including those with fractional (i.e., non-integer) dimension. We apply our model to three rotationally supported galaxies: NGC 7814 (Bulge-Dominated Spiral), NGC 6503 (Disk-Dominated Spiral), and NGC 3741 (Gas-Dominated Dwarf). As was done in the general cases of spherically-symmetric and axially-symmetric structures, which were studied in previous work on the subject, we examine a possible connection between our model and Modified Newtonian Dynamics, a leading alternative gravity model which explains the observed properties of these galaxies without requiring the Dark Matter hypothesis. In our model, the MOND acceleration constant $a_{0} \simeq 1.2 \times 10^{-10}\mbox{m}\thinspace \mbox{s}^{ -2}$ can be related to a natural scale length $l_{0}$, namely $a_{0} \approx GM/l_{0}^{2}$ for a galaxy of mass $M$. Also, the empirical Radial Acceleration Relation, connecting the observed radial acceleration $g_{obs}$ with the baryonic one $g_{bar}$, can be explained in terms of a variable local dimension $D$. As an example of this methodology, we provide detailed rotation curve fits for the three galaxies mentioned above.
description: 19 pages, including 6 figures. Third paper on NFDG. Added Appendix A, references, and other minor changes and corrections. Final version to be published in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Oxford Academic. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2008.04737
Crossover exponents, fractal dimensions and logarithms in Landau-Potts field theories
Creators: name: Safari, Mahmoud
name: Vacca, Gian Paolo
name: Zanusso, Omar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the crossover exponents of all quadratic and cubic deformations of critical field theories with permutation symmetry $S_q$ in $d=6-ε$ (Landau-Potts field theories) and $d=4-ε$ (hypertetrahedral models) up to three loops.We use our results to determine the $ε$-expansion of the fractal dimension of critical clusters in the most interesting cases, which include spanning trees and forests ($q\to0$), and bond percolations ($q\to1$). We also explicitly verify several expected degeneracies in the spectrum of relevant operators for natural values of $q$ upon analytic continuation, which are linked to logarithmic corrections of CFT correlators, and use the $ε$-expansion to determine the universal coefficients of such logarithms.
description: 15 pages, 3 tables, 3 figures; v2: improved version with estimates relevant for the cubic model, to appear in EPJC
An Intermediate-Mass Black Hole in the Globular Cluster G1: Improved Significance from New Keck and Hubble Space Telescope Observations
Creators: name: Gebhardt, Karl
name: Rich, R. Michael
name: Ho, Luis C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present dynamical models for the massive globular cluster G1. The goal is to measure or place a significant upper limit on the mass of any central black hole. Whether or not globular clusters contain central massive black holes has important consequences for a variety of studies. We use new kinematic data obtained with Keck and new photometry from the Hubble Space Telescope. The Keck spectra allow us to obtain kinematics out to large radii that are required to pin down the mass-to-light ratio of the dynamical model and the orbital structure. The Hubble Space Telescope observations give us a factor of two better spatial resolution for the surface brightness profile. By fitting non-parametric, spherical, isotropic models we find a best-fit black hole mass of 1.7(+-0.3)e4 Msun. Fully general axisymmetric orbit-based models give similar results, with a black hole mass of 1.8(+-0.5)e4 Msun. The no-black hole model has Delta_chi^2=5 (marginalized over mass-to-light ratio), implying less than 3% significance. We have taken into account any change in the mass-to-light ratio in the center due to stellar remnants. These results are consistent with our previous estimate in Gebhardt, Rich & Ho (2002), and inconsistent with the analysis of Baumgardt et al. (2003) who claim that G1 does not show evidence for a black hole. These new results make G1 the best example of a cluster that contains an intermediate-mass black hole.
description: accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Single-Antenna-Based GPS Antijamming Method Exploiting Polarization Diversity
Creators: name: Park, Kwansik
name: Seo, Jiwon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The vulnerability of Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers to jammers is a major concern owing to the extremely weak received signal power of GPS. Researches have been conducted on a variety of antenna array techniques to be used as countermeasures to GPS jammers, and their antijamming performance is known to be greater than that of single antenna methods. However, the application of antenna arrays remains limited because of their size, cost, and computational complexity. This study proposes and experimentally validates a novel space-time-polarization domain adaptive processing for a single-element dual-polarized antenna (STPAPS) by focusing on the polarization diversity of a dual-polarized antenna. The mathematical models of arbitrarily polarized signals received by dual-polarized antenna are derived, and an appropriate constraint matrix for dual-polarized-antenna-based GPS antijam is suggested. To reduce the computational complexity of the constraint matrix approach, the eigenvector constraint design scheme is adopted. The performance of STPAPS is quantitively and qualitatively evaluated through experiments as follows. 1) The carrier-to-noise-density ratio (C/N0) of STPAPS under synthetic jamming is demonstrated to be higher than that of the previous minimum mean squared error (MMSE) or minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR) based dual-polarized antenna methods. 2) The strengths and weaknesses of STPAPS are qualitatively compared with those of the previous single-element dual-polarized antenna methods that are not based on the MMSE or MVDR algorithms. 3) The characteristics of STPAPS (in terms of the directions and polarizations of the GPS and jamming signals) are compared with those of the conventional two-element single-polarized antenna array method, which has the same degree of freedom as that of STPAPS.
description: Submitted to IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems
Segreti e bugie: viaggio nella scrittura di Julya Rabinowich
Creators: name: Battisti, Diana
Publisher: name: Firenze University Press
Year: 2015
Subjects: contemporary Austrian literature; engaged literature; Intercultural Studies; Julya Rabinowich; Post-Soviet Union

description: This article surveys Julya Rabinowich’s career from her literary debut to the present day. Novelist, playwright, painter, poet, translator, columnist – in a variety of genders and developments, she created a narrative style which constantly addresses the recent Russian historical context (where her origins lie) and the new Austrian political situation which has been her concern since she migrated to Vienna with her family as a child. Betrayal seems to be a leitmotiv that characterizes Rabinowich’s narrative world, even in her most recent unpublished work, of which we present an extract with an Italian translation
description: LEA - Lingue e Letterature d'Oriente e d'Occidente, Vol 4 (2015)
Blood-gas barrier permeability in athletes with exercise-induced hypoxemia
Creators: name: Edwards, Michael R.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The effect of incremental exercise to exhaustion on the change in pulmonary clearance rate (k) of aerosolized Technetium 99m diethylenetriaminepenta acetic acid (Tc-99m DTP A), and the relationship between k and the partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO₂) during heavy work, was investigated. Eleven male cyclists (age = 2 5 + 2 yrs, height = 181.3 ± 4.0 cm, mass = 80.1 ± 9.5 kg,V0₂max = 5.30 ± 0.37 1/min, mean ± SD) completed a pulmonary clearance test shortly following (39 ± 8 min) a V02max test. Resting pulmonary clearance was completed at least 24 hours before or after the exercise test. Arterial blood was sampled at rest and at one-minute intervals during exercise. Minimum PaO₂ values and maximum A-aDO₂ ranged from 73-92 Torr and 30-55 Torr respectively. No significant difference between resting k and post-exercise k for the total lung (kτ) (0.54 ± 0.19 vs. 0.57 ± 0.17, %/min, p > 0.05) was observed. Pearson-product moment correlation indicated no significant linear relationship between change in kj and minimum PaO₂ (r = -0.26, p > 0.05). These results indicate that averaged over subjects, pulmonary clearance of Tc-99m DTPA following incremental maximal exercise to exhaustion in highly trained male cyclists is unchanged. Lack of a linear relationship between pulmonary clearance rate and minimum PaO₂ during exercise suggests exerciseinduced hypoxemia occurs despite maintenance of alveolar epithelial integrity.
Improving Cyberbully Detection with User Interaction
Creators: name: Ge, Suyu
name: Cheng, Lu
name: Liu, Huan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cyberbullying, identified as intended and repeated online bullying behavior, has become increasingly prevalent in the past few decades. Despite the significant progress made thus far, the focus of most existing work on cyberbullying detection lies in the independent content analysis of different comments within a social media session. We argue that such leading notions of analysis suffer from three key limitations: they overlook the temporal correlations among different comments; they only consider the content within a single comment rather than the topic coherence across comments; they remain generic and exploit limited interactions between social media users. In this work, we observe that user comments in the same session may be inherently related, e.g., discussing similar topics, and their interaction may evolve over time. We also show that modeling such topic coherence and temporal interaction are critical to capture the repetitive characteristics of bullying behavior, thus leading to better predicting performance. To achieve the goal, we first construct a unified temporal graph for each social media session. Drawing on recent advances in graph neural network, we then propose a principled graph-based approach for modeling the temporal dynamics and topic coherence throughout user interactions. We empirically evaluate the effectiveness of our approach with the tasks of session-level bullying detection and comment-level case study. Our code is released to public.
description: The Web Conference 2021
The lightest Higgs boson production at photon colliders in the 2HDM-III
Creators: name: Martinez, R.
name: Milanes, D. A.
name: Rodriguez, J. -Alexis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The branching ratios of the lightest CP-even Higgs boson $h^0$, in the framework of the General Two Higgs Doublet Model are calculated. Different scenarios are presented taking into account constraints obtained in previous works on the flavor changing neutral currents factors. Plausible scenarios with flavour changing processes at tree level like $b \bar s$ and $t \bar c$ are analyzed for relevant region of parameters. The loop-induced Higgs couplings to photon pairs can be tested with a photon collider. The number of events of $h^0$ as a resonance in photon colliders are calculated taking into account its corresponding background signal in TESLA, CLIC and NLC.
description: 1. Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia. (2) Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain. 21 pages, 5 figures, RevTeX
Tuğrul Tanyol: la bellezza è una presa di posizione
Creators: name: Verderame, Nicola
Publisher: name: Firenze University Press
Year: 2015
Subjects: the Eighties; lyric poetry; translation; Tuğrul Tanyol, Turkey

description: This short article outlines the life and work of Tuğrul Tanyol, a prominent living Turkish poet and one of the protagonists of the generation of poets who started their activity in the 1980s. In presenting the main biographical, stylistic, and thematic aspects of Tanyol’s decades-long career, this article aims at making the Italian reader familiar with Tanyol’s poetic world. A selection of his poems is presented in Italian translation.
description: LEA - Lingue e Letterature d'Oriente e d'Occidente, Vol 4 (2015)
Algebraic stacks whose number of points over finite fields is a polynomial
Creators: name: Bogaart, Theo van den
name: Edixhoven, Bas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14F20 (Primary); 14H10, 14G15 (Secondary)

description: The aim of this article is to investigate the cohomology (l-adic as well as Betti) of schemes, and more generally of certain algebraic stacks, that are proper and smooth over the integers and have the property that there exists a polynomial P with rational coefficients such that for all prime powers q the number of points over the field with q elements is P(q). We prove that for all prime numbers l the l-adic etale cohomology is a direct sum of Tate twists of the trivial representation. Our main tools here are Behrend's Lefschetz trace formula and l-adic Hodge theory. In the last section we investigate the Hodge structure on the Betti cohomology. The motivation for this article comes from applications to certain moduli stacks of curves.
description: 13 pages. Using the first author's results in arXiv:0809.1242, the extra condition that the coarse moduli space is a certain quotient space in the Corollary of the last section of this article has been removed
A Phaseless Auxiliary-Field Quantum Monte Carlo Perspective on the Uniform Electron Gas at Finite Temperatures: Issues, Observations, and Benchmark Study
Creators: name: Lee, Joonho
name: Morales, Miguel A.
name: Malone, Fionn D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the viability of the phaseless finite temperature auxiliary field quantum Monte Carlo (ph-FT-AFQMC) method for ab initio systems using the uniform electron gas as a model. Through comparisons with exact results and finite temperature coupled cluster theory, we find that ph-FT-AFQMC is sufficiently accurate at high to intermediate electronic densities. We show both analytically and numerically that the phaseless constraint at finite temperature is fundamentally different from its zero temperature counterpart (i.e., ph-ZT-AFQMC) and generally one should not expect ph-FT-AFQMC to agree with ph-ZT-AFQMC in the low temperature limit. With an efficient implementation, we are able to compare exchange-correlation energies to existing results in the thermodynamic limit and find that existing parameterizations are highly accurate. In particular, we found that ph-FT-AFQMC exchange-correlation energies are in a better agreement with a known parametrization than is restricted path-integral Monte Carlo in the regime of $Θ\le0.5$ and $r_s \le 2$, which highlights the strength of ph-FT-AFQMC.
Next Level Health: a holistic health and wellbeing program to empower New Zealand women
Creators: name: Chinn, Victoria
name: Neely, Eva
name: Shultz, S
name: Kruger, R
name: Hughes, R
name: Page, R
name: Coad, J
name: Thunders, M
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 4203
subject: Health services and systems
classificationCode: 4206
subject: Public health
classificationCode: 3901
subject: Curriculum and pedagogy
classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences
classificationCode: 4407
subject: Policy and administration

description: Improving equity in women’s health requires gender-specific and empowering approaches. However, health programs often disempower women by adopting a ‘one-size-fits-all’ approach that emphasizes diet, exercise and weight loss over other important aspects like sleep and mental wellbeing. This article reports on the design of Next Level Health (NLH), a program that aims to empower women through developing a wide range of health behaviors to support their holistic wellbeing. NLH is grounded by ethics, theory and evidence to support women to make achievable, sustainable changes that are relevant to their everyday lives. Women utilized the NLH framework to develop an integrative health routine across six domains: physical activity, sleep, nutrition, eating behavior, self-care and stress management. The framework guided them to set small, incremental goals that were adaptive to their needs and built from their existing circumstances. Participants reflected on their progress with a facilitator during monthly meetings, accessed a social media support page and received monthly text messages. Health programs remain an essential approach to improving women’s health alongside community- and policy-level strategies. The development of NLH exemplifies how evidence may partner with modern health promotion values to inform relevant and ethical program design for women.
Nonregenerative MIMO Relaying with Optimal Transmit Antenna Selection
Creators: name: Peters, Steven W.
name: Heath, Robert W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We derive optimal SNR-based transmit antenna selection rules at the source and relay for the nonregenerative half duplex MIMO relay channel. While antenna selection is a suboptimal form of beamforming, it has the advantage that the optimization is tractable and can be implemented with only a few bits of feedback from the destination to the source and relay. We compare the bit error rate of optimal antenna selection at both the source and relay to other proposed beamforming techniques and propose methods for performing the necessary limited feedback.
Appunti di storia della linguistica italiana: il contributo fiorentino
Creators: name: Savoia, Leonardo M.
name: Vinciguerra, Antonio
Publisher: name: Firenze University Press
Year: 2015
Subjects: Florentine Linguistics; History of Linguistics; Istituto di Studi Superiori di Firenze; Theoretical Linguistics; University of Florence

description: This study illustrates the most significant experiences and figures of Florentine philological linguistic culture between the 19th and 20th centuries with constant reference to the broader context of linguistic studies in Italy and Europe. In the years following Italian Unification, Florence took over again its “traditional” role as the Italian lexicography capital and – with the foundation of the Istituto di Studi Superiori Pratici e di Perfezionamento (1859), a breeding ground for historical-comparative linguistics and romance philology – the city could stand again among the hubs of European positivism. During the 20th century, the University of Florence continued to host renowned linguists and philologists who have made significant contributions to Italian culture
description: LEA - Lingue e Letterature d'Oriente e d'Occidente, Vol 4 (2015)
High-quality probabilistic predictions for existing hydrological models with common objective functions: EGU2022 Conference Presentation
Creators: name: Thyer, Mark
name: Hunter, Jason
name: McInerney, David
name: Kavetski, Dmitri
Publisher: name: The University of Adelaide
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 400513
subject: Water resources engineering

description:   
Probabilistic predictions describe the uncertainty in modelled streamflow, which is a critical input for many environmental modelling applications. A residual error model typically produces the probabilistic predictions in tandem with a hydrological model that predicts the deterministic streamflow. However, many objective functions that are commonly used to calibrate the parameters of the hydrological model make (implicit) assumptions about the errors that do not match the properties (e.g. of heteroscedasticity and skewness) of those errors. The consequence of these assumptions is often low-quality probabilistic predictions of errors, which reduces the practical utility of probabilistic modelling. Our study has two aims:
1. Evaluate the impact of objective function inconsistency on the quality of probabilistic predictions;
2. To demonstrate how a simple enhancement to a residual error model can rectify the issues identified with inconsistent objective functions in Aim 1, and thereby improve probabilistic predictions in a wide range of scenarios.
Our findings show that the enhanced error model enables high-quality probabilistic predictions to be obtained for a range of catchments and objective functions, without requiring any changes to the hydrological modelling or calibration process. This advance has practical benefits that are aimed at increasing the uptake of probabilistic predictions in real-world applications, in that the methods are applicable to existing hydrological models that are already calibrated, simple to implement, easy to use and fast. Finally, these methods are being developed into  an open-source R-shiny application and an R-package function. Please email the mark.thyer@adelaide.edu.au for details
Low-lying electronic structure of doped triangular cobaltates
Creators: name: Kuprin, A. P.
name: Qian, D.
name: Chuang, Y. -D.
name: Foo, M.
name: Cava, R. J.
name: Hasan, M. Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report detailed Fermi surface topology and quasiparticle dynamics of the host cobaltate Na0.7CoO2. A direct mapping of the Fermi surface is carried out by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). Fermi surface at temperature 16K is a hole-pocket centered around the Gamma-point. The highly correlated nature of the electron liquid is evidenced from strong on-site Coulomb interaction seen through a valence satellite and via renormalization of the quasiparticle dispersion. The quasiparticle exhibits spectral coherence only below 150K which includes the non-Fermi liquid regime.
description: Conference proceeding. SNS-2004, Spain
Dall'Archivio per la memoria e la scrittura delle donne. Introduzione
Creators: name: Manno, Rosalia
name: Pellegrini, Ernestina
name: Scattigno, Anna
Publisher: name: Firenze University Press
Year: 2015
Subjects: archives; history; memory; writing; women’s literature

description: This article presents a selection of texts illustrating, by means of private writings, aspects of the history and culture of women in Florence from the late 19th century to the present day, in particular from the years when Florence was the capital of united Italy to the First World War, and from the 1930s to the anti-Fascist resistance movement up to women’s literature in the late 20th century. The material covered consists of unpublished writings belonging to the extraordinary “deposits” of women’s writing unearthed by years of research which is still ongoing on the part of the   Associazione Archivio per la memoria e la scrittura delle donne.

description: LEA - Lingue e Letterature d'Oriente e d'Occidente, Vol 4 (2015)