cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Charge distribution across capped and uncapped infinite-layer neodymium nickelate thin films
Creators: name: Raji, Aravind
name: Krieger, Guillaume
name: Viart, Nathalie
name: Preziosi, Daniele
name: Rueff, Jean-Pascal
name: Gloter, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Charge ordering (CO) phenomena have been widely debated in strongly-correlated electron systems mainly regarding their role in high-temperature superconductivity. Here, we elucidate the structural and charge distribution in NdNiO$_{2}$ thin films prepared with and without capping layers, and characterized by the absence and presence of CO. Our microstructural and spectroscopic analysis was done by scanning transmission electron microscopy-electron energy loss spectroscopy (STEM-EELS) and hard x-ray photoemission spectroscopy (HAXPES). Capped samples show Ni$^{1+}$, with an out-of-plane (o-o-p) lattice parameter of around 3.30 angstroms indicating good stabilization of the infinite-layer structure. Bulk-sensitive HAXPES on Ni-2p shows weak satellite feature indicating large charge-transfer energy. The uncapped samples evidence an increase of the o-o-p parameter up to 3.65 angstroms on the thin-film top, and spectroscopies show signatures of higher valence in this region (towards Ni$^{2+}$). Here, 4D-STEM demonstrates (3,0,3) oriented stripes which emerge from partially occupied apical oxygen. Those stripes form quasi-2D coherent domains viewed as rods in the reciprocal space with $Δ\text{q}_{z} \approx 0.24$ r.l.u. extension located at Q = ($\pm \frac{1}{3},0,\pm \frac{1}{3}$) r.l.u. and Q = ($\pm \frac{2}{3},0,\pm \frac{2}{3}$) r.l.u. The stripes associated with oxygen re-intercalation concomitant with hole doping suggests a possible link to the previously reported CO in infinite-layer nickelate thin films.
Breve storia della ricerca delle oscillazioni nei neutrini solari ed atmosferici fino al 1998, con particolare riguardo all'esperimento MACRO
Creators: name: Ronga, F.
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 2015
Subjects: Oscillazioni di neutrino
Esperimento MACRO
INFN-15-08-LNF

description: Comunemente si tende a indicare il 1998 come anno della scoperta delle oscillazioni di neutrino. In realtà la storia è molto più complessa ed è durata circa 30 anni. Durante questi anni vi è stato inoltre un dibattito spesso acceso sulla mancanza dei neutrini elettronici provenienti dal sole e sulla mancanza dei neutrini di tipo muonico nelle cascate dei raggi cosmici. Tale dibattito però era limitato ai pochi ricercatori coinvolti direttamente negli esperimenti. Nel 1998 l'evidenza divenne tale da cancellare tutti i dubbi ed il risultato venne accettato da tutta la comunità scientifica. A causa dei numerosi protagonisti di questa complessa vicenda il premio Nobel per le oscillazioni di neutrino è stato assegnato solo in questi giorni, il 6 ottobre 2015, dopo ben 17 anni, a Arthur McDonald per le oscillazioni dal sole e a Tataaki Kajita per le oscillazioni di neutrini atmosferici. Tali Nobel seguono quelli del 2002 a Raymond Davis jr e Masatoshi Koshiba aventi come motivazione ufficiale la prima rivelazione di neutrini astrofisici dal sole e dalla supernova del 1987.
Measurement of the inclusive isolated prompt photon cross section in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 8$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A measurement of the cross section for the inclusive production of isolated prompt photons in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s} = 8$ TeV is presented. The measurement covers the pseudo rapidity ranges $|η^γ| < 1.37$ and $1.56 \leq |η^γ| < 2.37$ in the transverse energy range $25 < E_{\rm T}^γ < 1500$ GeV. The results are based on an integrated luminosity of 20.2 fb$^{-1}$, recorded by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Photon candidates are identified by combining information from the calorimeters and the inner tracker. The background is subtracted using a data-driven technique, based on the observed calorimeter shower-shape variables and the deposition of hadronic energy in a narrow cone around the photon candidate. The measured cross sections are compared with leading-order and next-to-leading order perturbative QCD calculations and are found to be in a good agreement over ten orders of magnitude.
description: 26 pages plus author list (43 pages total), 6 figures, 6 tables, published version, all figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/STDM-2014-09/
Schwarz, Hans: Jenseits von Utopie und Resignation
Creators: name: Graf-Stuhlhofer, Franz
Publisher: name: Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie
Year: 2025

description: 1823872182
description: Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie, V. 7 (1993): Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie, Band 7
Membership Testing for Semantic Regular Expressions
Creators: name: Huang, Yifei
name: Amini, Matin
name: Glaunec, Alexis Le
name: Mamouras, Konstantinos
name: Raghothaman, Mukund
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: SMORE (Chen et al., 2023) recently proposed the concept of semantic regular expressions that extend the classical formalism with a primitive to query external oracles such as databases and large language models (LLMs). Such patterns can be used to identify lines of text containing references to semantic concepts such as cities, celebrities, political entities, etc. The focus in their paper was on automatically synthesizing semantic regular expressions from positive and negative examples. In this paper, we study the membership testing problem:
 First, We present a two-pass NFA-based algorithm to determine whether a string $w$ matches a semantic regular expression (SemRE) $r$ in $O(|r|^2 |w|^2 + |r| |w|^3)$ time, assuming the oracle responds to each query in unit time. In common situations, where oracle queries are not nested, we show that this procedure runs in $O(|r|^2 |w|^2)$ time. Experiments with a prototype implementation of this algorithm validate our theoretical analysis, and show that the procedure massively outperforms a dynamic programming-based baseline, and incurs a $\approx 2 \times$ overhead over the time needed for interaction with the oracle.
 Next, We establish connections between SemRE membership testing and the triangle finding problem from graph theory, which suggest that developing algorithms which are simultaneously practical and asymptotically faster might be challenging. Furthermore, algorithms for classical regular expressions primarily aim to optimize their time and memory consumption. In contrast, an important consideration in our setting is to minimize the cost of invoking the oracle. We demonstrate an $Ω(|w|^2)$ lower bound on the number of oracle queries necessary to make this determination.
The Multi-Orientable Random Tensor Model, a Review
Creators: name: Tanasa, Adrian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: After its introduction (initially within a group field theory framework) in [Tanasa A., J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 45 (2012), 165401, 19 pages, arXiv:1109.0694], the multi-orientable (MO) tensor model grew over the last years into a solid alternative of the celebrated colored (and colored-like) random tensor model. In this paper we review the most important results of the study of this MO model: the implementation of the $1/N$ expansion and of the large $N$ limit ($N$ being the size of the tensor), the combinatorial analysis of the various terms of this expansion and finally, the recent implementation of a double scaling limit.
Defects, Rigid Holography and $C$-theorems
Creators: name: Bolla, I. Carreño
name: Rodriguez-Gomez, Diego
name: Russo, J. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a general scalar QFT with a linear defect in $D=4-ε$ and a surface defect in $D=6-ε$. Using holography and the Hamilton-Jacobi formalism, we show that the $β$ functions controlling the defect RG flow are the gradient of the entropy function. In the case of conformal field theories, this allows the proof that the relevant $C$-functions decrease monotonically along the RG flow. We provide evidence that this property also holds in the full quantum theory for general scalar field theories. An obstruction to the gradient property seems to appear at two loop order when fermions are added.
description: 6 pages, no figures; v2: published version
Publikationskostenmonitoring in Österreich. Aktivitäten im Rahmen von AT2OA2
Creators: name: Kaier, Christian
name: Grossmaier-Stieg, Kerstin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Publikationskosten, Monitoring, Kostentransparenz, Open Access,

description: Austrian Transition to Open Access Two (AT2OA2) ist ein österreichweites, vom Bundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft und Forschung gefördertes Projekt (2021-2024) zur Unterstützung von Open Access. Eines der fünf Teilprojekte von AT2OA2 widmet sich dem Thema Erfassung und Analyse von Publikationskosten. In den letzten Jahren ist unter Schlagworten wie “Total Cost of Publication”, “APCs in the Wild” und der Idee eines Informationsbudgets das Bewusstsein für die Notwendigkeit von Kostenmonitoring und Kostentransparenz im Bereich des (Open-Access-)Publizierens deutlich gestiegen. Nach wie vor sind jedoch Publikationskosten häufig intransparent und fallen an unterschiedlichen Stellen in Institutionen an. Dementsprechend ist ihre Erfassung meist unvollständig und ein Gesamtbild allenfalls verschwommen. Ein adäquates Kostenmonitoring stärkt einerseits die Steuerungsmacht von Institutionen und Bibliotheken gegenüber Verlagen als Verhandlungspartner und trägt andererseits dazu bei, dem selbst gesteckten Transparenzanspruch gerecht zu werden. Teilprojekt 3 von AT2OA2 hat es sich zum Ziel gesetzt, das Bewusstsein für die Komplexität von Publikationskosten zu erhöhen, die Kommunikation zwischen den unterschiedlichen Stakeholdern zu fördern und damit das Open-Access-Kostenmonitoring an österreichischen Universitäten und Forschungsstätten zu verbessern. Der Vortrag stellt zunächst den Status Quo des Open-Access-Kostenmonitorings an österreichischen Institutionen dar und präsentiert im Anschluss die im Projekt erarbeiteten Ansätze zur Verbesserung der Dokumentation und Transparenz von Publikationskosten. Insbesondere wird auf Ziele, bisherige Ergebnisse und den Stand der Umsetzung folgender Aktivitäten im Rahmen des Projekts eingegangen: Empfehlung zur Erhebung, Analyse und Steuerung von Open-Access-Publikationskosten an österreichischen Universitäten und Forschungseinrichtungen - Ziel: Sensibilisierung für das Thema Publikationskosten auf Managementebene Informationsmaterialien - Ziel: Wissensvermittlung zu Publikationskosten, insbesondere für administratives Personal Workflows - Ziel: Darstellung idealtypischer Arbeitsabläufe für Erfassung und Monitoring der wichtigsten Arten von Publikationskosten Erfassung von Publikationskosten in Statistiken - Ziel: Einheitliche und vergleichbare Darstellung von Publikationskosten Umgang mit Publikationskosten aus Drittmitteln - Ziel: Begleitung und Unterstützung der Abwicklung von Publikationskosten aus Drittmitteln insbesondere des FWF
Strong and weak pulsar radio emission due to thunderstorms and raindrops of particles in the magnetosphere
Creators: name: Chen, X.
name: Yan, Y.
name: Han, J. L.
name: Wang, C.
name: Wang, P. F.
name: Jing, W. C.
name: Lee, K. J.
name: Zhang, B.
name: Xu, R. X.
name: Wang, T.
name: Yang, Z. L.
name: Su, W. Q.
name: Cai, N. N.
name: Wang, W. Y.
name: Qiao, G. J.
name: Xu, J.
name: Zhou, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pulsars radiate radio signals when they rotate. However, some old pulsars often stop radiating for some periods. The underlying mechanism remains unknown, while the magnetosphere during nulling phases is hard to probe due to the absence of emission measurement. Here we report the detection and accurate polarization measurements of sporadic weak narrow dwarf pulses detected in the ordinary nulling state of pulsar B2111+46 via the Five-Hundred-Meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST). Further analysis shows that their polarization angles follow the average polarization angle curve of normal pulses, suggesting no change of magnetic field structure in the emission region in the two emission states. Whereas radio emission of normal individual pulses is radiated by a thunderstorm of particles produced by copious discharges in regularly formed gaps, dwarf pulses are produced by one or a few raindrops of particles generated by pair production in a fragile gap of this near-death pulsar.
description: 37 pages, 15 figures. Authors version. Great FAST pulsar data. Share full-text access: https://rdcu.be/djLSL
Constraining spatial variations of the fine structure constant using clusters of galaxies and Planck data
Creators: name: de Martino, I.
name: Martins, C. J. A. P.
name: Ebeling, H.
name: Kocevski, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an improved methodology to constrain spatial variations of the fine structure constant using clusters of galaxies. We use the {\it Planck} 2013 data to measure the thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect at the location of 618 X-ray selected clusters. We then use a Monte Carlo Markov Chain algorithm to obtain the temperature of the Cosmic Microwave Background at the location of each galaxy cluster. When fitting three different phenomenological parameterizations allowing for monopole and dipole amplitudes in the value of the fine structure constant we improve the results of earlier analysis involving clusters and the CMB power spectrum, and we also found that the best-fit direction of a hypothetical dipole is compatible with the direction of other known anomalies. Although the constraining power of our current datasets do not allow us to test the indications of a fine-structure constant dipole obtained though high-resolution optical/UV spectroscopy, our results do highlight that clusters of galaxies will be a very powerful tool to probe fundamental physics at low redshift.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures and 3 tables. Accepted for publication in Physical Review D
title: Detection Sensitivity of Radiological Technicians using a Lung Nodule CAD System for Lung Cancer Screening CT
Creators: name: Gomi, Shiho
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: CAD
subject: CT
subject: CAD
subject: Lung
subject: Tissue characterisation

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: The Accreditation Council for Lung Cancer CT Screening (ALCTS) organizes seminars and accredited tests in Japan regarding chest image reading for radiological technologist. ALCTS have accredited technologists (AT) for a lung cancer computed...
Michel, Karl-Heinz: "Wenn ihr dies alles seht..."
Creators: name: Graf-Stuhlhofer, Franz
Publisher: name: Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie
Year: 2025

description: 182387102X
description: Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie, V. 7 (1993): Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie, Band 7
Maxwell boundary conditions imply non-Lindblad master equation
Creators: name: Bamba, Motoaki
name: Imoto, Nobuyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From the Hamiltonian connecting the inside and outside of an Fabry-Perot cavity, which is derived from the Maxwell boundary conditions at a mirror of the cavity, a master equation of a non-Lindblad form is derived when the cavity embeds matters, although we can transform it to the Lindblad form by performing the rotating-wave approximation to the connecting Hamiltonian. We calculate absorption spectra by these Lindblad and non-Lindblad master equations and also by the Maxwell boundary conditions in the framework of the classical electrodynamics, which we consider the most reliable approach. We found that, compared to the Lindblad master equation, the absorption spectra by the non-Lindblad one agree better with those by the Maxwell boundary conditions. Although the discrepancy is highlighted only in the ultra-strong light-matter interaction regime with a relatively large broadening, the master equation of the non-Lindblad form is preferable rather than of the Lindblad one for pursuing the consistency with the classical electrodynamics.
description: 22 pages, 9 figures
Supplementary document for Experimental characterization of isoplanatic patch in mouse cortex using adaptive optics - 7059922.pdf
Creators: name: Commère, Jean
name: Bourdieu, Laurent
name: Galicher, Raphaël
name: Glanc, Marie
name: Gendron, Eric
name: Rousset, Gerard
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental document 1, 2 & 3
Quantum efficiency of a microwave photon detector based on a double quantum dot
Creators: name: Wong, Clement H.
name: Vavilov, Maxim G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent interest in implementing circuit quantum electrodynamics with semiconducting quantum dots, we consider a double quantum dot (DQD) capacitively coupled to a superconducting resonator that is driven by the microwave field of a superconducting transmission line. We analyze the DQD current response using input-output theory and show that the resonator-coupled DQD is a sensitive microwave single photon detector. Using currently available experimental parameters of DQD-resonator coupling and dissipation, including the effects of $1/f$ charge noise and phonon noise, we determine the parameter regime for which incident photons are completely absorbed and near unit $\gtrsim$ 98\% efficiency can be achieved. We show that this regime can be reached by using very high quality resonators with quality factor $Q\simeq 10^5$.
title: MDCT imaging in perforated sigmoid diverticulitis: depicting the intraperitoneal and extraperitoneal spreading routes of disease
Creators: name: Bernal Garnés, Natalia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Inflammation
subject: Diverticula
subject: Abscess
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: CT
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Emergency
subject: Abdomen

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion Personal Information References
description: Learning objectives: To illustrate the spectrum of appearences of perforated sigmoid diverticulitis and to depict the intraperitoneal and extraperitoneal spreading of the disease with Multidetector Computed Tomography...
title: Superpixel-based interest points for effective bags-of-visual-words medical image retrieval
Creators: name: Haas, Sebastian
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Lung
subject: CT
subject: Computer Applications-General

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Content-based image-retrieval has become a prevalent way of managing and accessing large repositories of digital images by their visual content. A method for improving the retrieval accuracy by replacing Difference-of-Gaussian/SIFT interest-points...
Undamped relativistic magnetoplasmons in lossy two-dimensional electron systems
Creators: name: Volkov, V. A.
name: Zabolotnykh, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address electrodynamic effects in plasma oscillations of a lossy 2D electron system whose dc 2D conductivity is comparable to the speed of light. We argue that the perpendicular constant magnetic field B causes astonishing features of magnetoplasma dynamics. We show that plasmon-polariton spectra can be classified using a 'relativistic' phase diagram 2D conductivity divided by the speed of light versus B. An extraordinarily low damping branch in magnetoplasmon-polariton spectra emerges at two phases of this diagram. Some magnetoplasmons at these phases are predicted to be undamped waves.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, published version (Phys. Rev. B 94, 165408)
Cerebral Topographies of Perceived and Felt Emotions
Creators: name: Saarimäki, H.
name: Nummenmaa, L.
name: Volynets, S.
name: Santavirta, S.
name: Aksiuto, A.
name: Sams, M.
name: Jääskeläinen, IP
name: Lahnakoski, JM
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2023

description: doi:10.1101/2023.02.08.521183
description: Emotions modulate behavioral priorities based on exteroceptive and interoceptive inputs, and the related central and peripheral changes may often be experienced subjectively. Yet, it remains unresolved whether the perceptual and subjectively felt components of the emotion processes rely on shared brain mechanisms. We applied functional magnetic resonance imaging, a rich set of emotional movies, and high-dimensional, continuous ratings of perceived and felt emotions depicted in the same movies to investigate their cerebral organization. Eight main dimensions of emotions evoked during natural movie scene perception were represented in the brain across numerous spatial scales and patterns. Perceived and felt emotions generalized both between individuals and between different samples of stimuli depicting the same emotions. The neural affective space demonstrated an anatomical gradient from responses independent of specific emotions in polysensory areas and default mode regions to more localized and emotion-specific discrete processing in subcortical regions. Differences in neural activations during felt and perceived emotions suggest that temporoparietal areas and precuneus have a key role in computing the affective value of the sensory input. This affective value is then transformed into the subjective emotional experience in the anterior prefrontal cortices, cerebellum, and thalamus. Altogether these data reveal the similarities and differences of domain-general and emotion-specific affect networks in the brain during a wide range of perceived and felt emotions.
Observation of first-order quantum phase transitions and ferromagnetism in twisted double bilayer graphene
Creators: name: Liu, Le
name: Lu, Xin
name: Chu, Yanbang
name: Yang, Guang
name: Yuan, Yalong
name: Wu, Fanfan
name: Ji, Yiru
name: Tian, Jinpeng
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Du, Luojun
name: Shi, Dongxia
name: Liu, Jianpeng
name: Shen, Jie
name: Lu, Li
name: Yang, Wei
name: Zhang, Guangyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Twisted graphene multilayers are highly tunable flatband systems for developing new phases of matter. Thus far, while orbital ferromagnetism has been observed in valley polarized phases, the long-range orders of other correlated phases as well as the quantum phase transitions between different orders mostly remain unknown. Here, we report an observation of Coulomb interaction driven first-order quantum phase transitions and ferromagnetism in twisted double bilayer graphene (TDBG). At zero magnetic field, the transitions are revealed in a series of step-like abrupt resistance jumps with prominent hysteresis loop when either the displacement field (D) or the carrier density (n) is tuned across symmetry-breaking boundary near half filling, indicating a formation of ordered domains. It is worth noting that the good turnability and switching of these states gives a rise to a memory performance with a large on/off ratio. Moreover, when both spin and valley play the roles at finite magnetic field, we observe abundant first-order quantum phase transitions among normal metallic states from charge neutral point, orbital ferromagnetic states from quarter filling, and spin-polarized states from half filling. We interpret these first-order phase transitions in the picture of phase separations and spin domain percolations driven by multi-field tunable Coulomb interactions, in agreement with Lifshitz transition from Hartree-Fock calculations. The observed multi-filed tunable domain structure and its hysteresis resembles the characteristics of multiferroics, revealing intriguing magnetoelectric properties. Our result enriches the correlated phase diagram in TDBG for discovering novel exotic phases and quantum phase transitions, and it would benefit other twisted moiré systems as well.
title: Invasive lobular breast carcinoma: MR imaging
Creators: name: Maniatis, Vassilios
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Neoplasia

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Invasive lobular cacinoma represents 5-20% of all breast carcinoma and its relative frequency has been increasing in the last decades. It may be a diagnostic challenge to radiologist and clinician because of its unique histologic growth pattern that...
title: Pilocytic Astrocytoma. Typical and Atypical CT and MRI Imaging Findings
Creators: name: Docampo, Jorge Raul
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: Education
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: CT
subject: MR-Spectroscopy
subject: MR
subject: Neuroradiology brain

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion Personal Information References
description: Learning objectives: To describe and illustrate the typical and atypical CT and MRI imaging findings of supra and infratentorial pilocytic astrocytoma...
ModMax Oscillators and Root-$T \overline{T}$-Like Flows in Supersymmetric Quantum Mechanics
Creators: name: Ferko, Christian
name: Gupta, Alisha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a deformation of any $(0+1)$-dimensional theory of $N$ bosons with $SO(N)$ symmetry which is driven by a function of conserved quantities that resembles the root-$T \overline{T}$ operator of $2d$ quantum field theories. In the special case of $N=2$ bosons and a harmonic oscillator potential, the solution to the flow equation is the ModMax oscillator of arXiv:2209.06296. We argue that the deforming operator is related, in a particular special regime, to the dimensional reduction of the $2d$ root-$T \overline{T}$ operator on a spatial circle. It follows that the ModMax oscillator is a dimensional reduction of the $4d$ ModMax theory to quantum mechanics, justifying the name. We then show how to construct a manifestly supersymmetric extension of this root-$T \overline{T}$-like operator for any $(0+1)$-dimensional theory with $SO(N)$ symmetry and $\mathcal{N}=2$ supersymmetry by defining a flow equation directly in superspace.
description: 53 pages; LaTeX; v2: typos corrected, comments added; v3: published version
title: Can apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC) predict the clinical outcome in drowned children?
Creators: name: Sorantin, Erich
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Head and neck
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Cerebral palsy

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: In drowned children prediction of meaningful neurologic recovery within the first weeks can be challenging.Pediatric cerebral hypoxic-ischemic injury(HI) frequently results in severe neurological disability and mortality. Imaging is important for...
title: Osteoid Osteoma: What every Radiologist should know
Creators: name: Vidal González, Jordi
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: eLearning
subject: Education
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: Bones

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion Personal Information References
description: Learning objectives: To describe the physiopathology and radiologic characteristics of osteoid osteoma. To illustrate the radiological features of osteoid osteoma and its mimics using a multimodality approach with conventional radiography, computed tomography (CT) and...
title: Reporting dynamic MRI of the pelvis in obstructed defecation syndrome: what the surgeon needs to know
Creators: name: Pellicer, Blanca
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Colonography MR
subject: MR
subject: Abdomen
subject: Pelvic floor dysfunction

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion Personal Information References
description: Learning objectives: - To briefly describe the dynamic-MR imaging technique - To outline the indications and limits of the technique - To highlight the radiological findings with surgical...
title: Quantitative Assessment Of The Elasticity Values Of Breast Quadrants With Shearwave Ultrasonographic Elastography
Creators: name: Çiledag, Nazan
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Elastography
subject: Breast

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Elastography of breast may be an adjunct tool mammography and ultrasound by displaying the mechanical properties of the breast. Shear wave ultarsound elastography allows obtaining this information without any manual external compression or...
Displaced vertex searches for sterile neutrinos at future lepton colliders
Creators: name: Antusch, Stefan
name: Cazzato, Eros
name: Fischer, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the sensitivity of future lepton colliders to displaced vertices from the decays of long-lived heavy (almost sterile) neutrinos with electroweak scale masses and detectable time of flight. As future lepton colliders we consider the FCC-ee, the CEPC, and the ILC, searching at the Z-pole and at the center-of-mass energies of 240, 350 and 500 GeV. For a realistic discussion of the detector response to the displaced vertex signal and the Standard Model background we consider the ILC's Silicon Detector (SiD) as benchmark for the future lepton collider detectors. We find that displaced vertices constitute a powerful search channel for sterile neutrinos, sensitive to squared active-sterile mixing angles as small as $10^{-11}$.
description: 13 pages plus references, 8 figures, 1 table, matches published version
title: CEIB experience: a R&D services bus in bioimaging oriented to integration of environments with EHR
Creators: name: Martí-Bonmatí, Luis
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Computer applications
subject: PACS
subject: RIS
subject: CAD
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Computer Applications-Virtual imaging

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: The management system and knowledge extraction of bioimaging in the cloud (R & D Cloud CEIB) which is proposed in this article will use the services offered by the centralization of bioimaging through Valencian Biobank Medical Imaging (GIMC in...
title: RLQ acute pain in adult: Radiological study.
Creators: name: Guillen Vargas, Lourdes
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Emergency
subject: CT
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Acute
subject: Inflammation

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Radiological management of acute pain in right lower quadrant (RLQ) and radiological semiology of pathologies that produce...
Confidence-based Ensembles of End-to-End Speech Recognition Models
Creators: name: Gitman, Igor
name: Lavrukhin, Vitaly
name: Laptev, Aleksandr
name: Ginsburg, Boris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The number of end-to-end speech recognition models grows every year. These models are often adapted to new domains or languages resulting in a proliferation of expert systems that achieve great results on target data, while generally showing inferior performance outside of their domain of expertise. We explore combination of such experts via confidence-based ensembles: ensembles of models where only the output of the most-confident model is used. We assume that models' target data is not available except for a small validation set. We demonstrate effectiveness of our approach with two applications. First, we show that a confidence-based ensemble of 5 monolingual models outperforms a system where model selection is performed via a dedicated language identification block. Second, we demonstrate that it is possible to combine base and adapted models to achieve strong results on both original and target data. We validate all our results on multiple datasets and model architectures.
description: To appear in Proc. INTERSPEECH 2023, August 20-24, 2023, Dublin, Ireland
The close circumstellar environment of Betelgeuse. IV. VLTI/PIONIER interferometric monitoring of the photosphere
Creators: name: Montargès, M.
name: Kervella, P.
name: Perrin, G.
name: Chiavassa, A.
name: Bouquin, J. B. Le
name: Aurière, M.
name: López-Ariste, A.
name: Mathias, P.
name: Ridgway, S. T.
name: Lacour, S.
name: Haubois, X.
name: Berger, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. The mass-loss mechanism of cool massive evolved stars is poorly understood. The proximity of Betelgeuse makes it an appealing target to study its atmosphere, map the shape of its envelope, and follow the structure of its wind from the photosphere out to the interstellar medium. Aims. A link is suspected between the powerful convective motions in Betelgeuse and its mass loss. We aim to constrain the spatial structure and temporal evolution of the convective pattern on the photosphere and to search for evidence of this link. Methods. We report new interferometric observations in the infrared H band using the VLTI/PIONIER instrument. We monitored the photosphere of Betelgeuse between 2012 January and 2014 November to look for evolutions that may trigger the outflow. Results. Our interferometric observations at low spatial frequencies are compatible with the presence of a hot spot on the photosphere that has a characteristic width of one stellar radius. It appears to be superposed on the smaller scale convective pattern. In the higher spatial frequency domain, we observe a significant difference between the observations and the predictions of 3D hydrodynamical simulations. Conclusions. We bring new evidence for the presence of a convective pattern in the photosphere of red supergiants. The inferred hot spot is probably the top of a giant convection cell although an asymmetric extension of the star cannot be excluded by these interferometric observations alone. The properties of the observed surface features show a stronger contrast and inhomogeneity as predicted by 3D radiative hydrodynamical simulations. We propose that the large observed feature is modifying the signature of the convective pattern at the surface of the star in a way that simulations cannot reproduce.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, 2016, A&A, 588, A130
title: Highways between neck and mediastinum – an anatomic and pathologic review
Creators: name: Oliveira, Maria
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Trauma
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Abscess
subject: Education
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Thorax
subject: Head and neck

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion Personal Information References
description: Learning objectives: Review the normal anatomy and the anatomic pathways between the neck and mediastinum. Illustrate the imagiologic features of pathologic processes affecting both neck and mediastinum, on...
title: MRI evaluation of cardiac tumors: case series and review.
Creators: name: Santos, Marcel
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: Cardiac
subject: Neoplasia

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Cardiac neoplasms are rare, include primary and secondary lesions, benign and malignant tumors. The utility of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging in the evaluation of cardiac masses is already well established. The wide field of view, higher...
Dimension Independent Mixup for Hard Negative Sample in Collaborative Filtering
Creators: name: Wu, Xi
name: Yang, Liangwei
name: Gong, Jibing
name: Zhou, Chao
name: Lin, Tianyu
name: Liu, Xiaolong
name: Yu, Philip S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Collaborative filtering (CF) is a widely employed technique that predicts user preferences based on past interactions. Negative sampling plays a vital role in training CF-based models with implicit feedback. In this paper, we propose a novel perspective based on the sampling area to revisit existing sampling methods. We point out that current sampling methods mainly focus on Point-wise or Line-wise sampling, lacking flexibility and leaving a significant portion of the hard sampling area un-explored. To address this limitation, we propose Dimension Independent Mixup for Hard Negative Sampling (DINS), which is the first Area-wise sampling method for training CF-based models. DINS comprises three modules: Hard Boundary Definition, Dimension Independent Mixup, and Multi-hop Pooling. Experiments with real-world datasets on both matrix factorization and graph-based models demonstrate that DINS outperforms other negative sampling methods, establishing its effectiveness and superiority. Our work contributes a new perspective, introduces Area-wise sampling, and presents DINS as a novel approach that achieves state-of-the-art performance for negative sampling. Our implementations are available in PyTorch.
Interband contributions to nonlinear transport in semiconductor nanostructures
Creators: name: Nakazawa, Kazuki
name: Legg, Henry F.
name: Klinovaja, Jelena
name: Loss, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin-orbit interaction (SOI) is a crucial ingredient for many potential applications of quantum devices, such as the use of semiconductor nanostructures for quantum computing. It is known that nonlinear conductivities are sensitive to the strength and type of SOI, however, many calculations of nonlinear transport coefficients are based on the semiclassical Boltzmann theory and make simplifying assumptions about scattering effects due to disorder. In this paper we develop and employ a microscopic theory based on the Keldysh formalism that goes beyond simple semiclassical approximations. This approach, for instance, naturally takes into account the effects of interband transitions, Berry curvature, and allows for a more precise treatment of impurity scattering. As a test of this formalism, we consider the nonlinear transport properties in an effective two-band model of one-dimensional nanowires (1DNWs) and two-dimensional hole gases (2DHGs) in the presence of a magnetic field causing Zeeman splittings of the spin states. We find that the small energy scales in nanostructures mean that interband contributions can be relevant, especially in the dirty limit, and therefore could modify qualitative features found using a purely semiclassical approach. Nonetheless, we find that different types of SOI (linear or cubic) still result in remarkably pronounced different in-plane field angle dependences, which survive even when interband effects are relevant. Our results provide a detailed understanding of when interband effects become important for nonlinear transport and can serve as the basis for a microscopic description to predict other nonlinear transport effects in materials and devices.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
title: Usual and unusual forms of pancreatitis: Imaging evaluation with emphasis on MRI
Creators: name: Martinez de la Haza, David
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Inflammation
subject: Abscess
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Pancreas
subject: Abdomen

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: To review the iconographic findings of typical and atypical etiologies of pancreatitis through different imaging techniques, emphasizing in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and the key points for the diagnostic approach with...
The effect of polarization entanglement in photon-photon scattering
Creators: name: Rätzel, Dennis
name: Wilkens, Martin
name: Menzel, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81V80, 78A45, 81P40, 81V10

description: It is found that the differential cross section of photon-photon scattering is a function of the degree of polarization entanglement of the two-photon state. A reduced, general expression for the differential cross section of photon-photon scattering is derived by applying simple symmetry arguments. An explicit expression is obtained for the example of photon-photon scattering due to virtual electron-positron pairs in Quantum Electrodynamics. It is shown how the effect in this explicit example can be explained as an effect of quantum interference and that it fits with the idea of distance-dependent forces.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1511.01237
MPEC 2024-C06 : DAILY ORBIT UPDATE (2024 February 1)
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
title: Improved differentiation of breast tumors using laser opto-acoustic ultrasonic imaging system
Creators: name: Otto, Pamela
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Cysts
subject: Blood
subject: Technology assessment
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Experimental
subject: CAD
subject: Oncology
subject: Breast

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: This study was performed to provide preliminary clinical feasibility of a noninvasive hybrid imaging modality, Imagio, that uses combination of real-time laser opto-acoustic and ultrasound for improving diagnostic accuracy in the evaluation of...
title: Efficacy of percutaneous dynamic screws in the treatment of low back pain due to high-grade disc degeneration
Creators: name: Marcia , Stefano
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Surgery
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Hernia

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: The aim of this study is to prove the efficacy of totally percutaneous dynamic screws in the treatment of low back pain due to high grade disc degeneration, with involvement of facet joints and narrowing of the spinal canal, especially in...
SIXXIGames. Giocare con le strutture della Scuola italiana di Ingegneria
Creators: name: Iori, Tullia
Publisher: name: La Rivista di Engramma
Year: 2024
Subjects: Italian Structural Engeneering
Architectural Games
Morandi Bridge

description: The essay describes the adventure of the author, a professor of technical architecture, to develop the results of research on the major works of Italian structural engineering, transforming them into experience of the real design and construction process for the students of her courses, through the creation of toy prototypes, also using the most advanced modeling techniques. The research was financed with an advanced ERC, whose title is SIXXIGames
Voids in cosmological simulations over cosmic time
Creators: name: Wojtak, Radosław
name: Powell, Devon
name: Abel, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study evolution of voids in cosmological simulations using a new method for tracing voids over cosmic time. The method is based on tracking watershed basins (contiguous regions around density minima) of well developed voids at low redshift, on a regular grid of density field. It enables us to construct a robust and continuous mapping between voids at different redshifts, from initial conditions to the present time. We discuss how the new approach eliminates strong spurious effects of numerical origin when voids evolution is traced by matching voids between successive snapshots (by analogy to halo merger trees). We apply the new method to a cosmological simulation of a standard LambdaCDM cosmological model and study evolution of basic properties of typical voids (with effective radii between 6Mpc/h and 20Mpc/h at redshift z=0) such as volumes, shapes, matter density distributions and relative alignments. The final voids at low redshifts appear to retain a significant part of the configuration acquired in initial conditions. Shapes of voids evolve in a collective way which barely modifies the overall distribution of the axial ratios. The evolution appears to have a weak impact on mutual alignments of voids implying that the present state is in large part set up by the primordial density field. We present evolution of dark matter density profiles computed on iso-density surfaces which comply with the actual shapes of voids. Unlike spherical density profiles, this approach enables us to demonstrate development of theoretically predicted bucket-like shape of the final density profiles indicating a wide flat core and a sharp transition to high-density void walls.
description: 13 pages, 13 figures; accepted for publication in MNRAS