cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Equation of motion and subsonic-transonic transitions of rectilinear edge dislocations: A collective-variable approach
Creators: name: Pellegrini, Yves-Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A theoretical framework is proposed to derive a dynamic equation motion for rectilinear dislocations within isotropic continuum elastodynamics. The theory relies on a recent dynamic extension of the Peierls-Nabarro equation, so as to account for core-width generalized stacking-fault energy effects. The degrees of freedom of the solution of the latter equation are reduced by means of the collective-variable method, well known in soliton theory, which we reformulate in a way suitable to the problem at hand. Through these means, two coupled governing equations for the dislocation position and core width are obtained, which are combined into one single complex-valued equation of motion, of compact form. The latter equation embodies the history dependence of dislocation inertia. It is employed to investigate the motion of an edge dislocation under uniform time-dependent loading, with focus on the subsonic/transonic transition. Except in the steady-state supersonic range of velocities---which the equation does not address---our results are in good agreement with atomistic simulations on tungsten. In particular, we provide an explanation for the transition, showing that it is governed by a loading-dependent dynamic critical stress. The transition has the character of a delayed bifurcation. Moreover, various quantitative predictions are made, that could be tested in atomistic simulations. Overall, this work demonstrates the crucial role played by core-width variations in dynamic dislocation motion.
description: v1: 11 pages, 4 figures. v2: title changed, extensive rewriting, and new material added; 19 pages, 12 figures (content as published)
Classification and Description of Bosonic Symmetry Protected Topological Phases with semiclassical Nonlinear Sigma models
Creators: name: Bi, Zhen
name: Rasmussen, Alex
name: Slagle, Kevin
name: Xu, Cenke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we systematically classify and describe bosonic symmetry protected topological (SPT) phases in all physical spatial dimensions using semiclassical nonlinear Sigma model (NLSM) field theories. All the SPT phases on a $d-$dimensional lattice discussed in this paper can be described by the same NLSM, which is an O(d+2) NLSM in $(d+1)-$dimensional space-time, with a topological $Θ-$term. The field in the NLSM is a semiclassical Landau order parameter with a unit length constraint. The classification of SPT phases discussed in this paper based on their NLSMs is consistent with the more mathematical classification based on group cohomology. Besides the classification, the formalism used in this paper also allows us to explicitly discuss the physics at the boundary of the SPT phases, and it reveals the relation between SPT phases with different symmetries. For example, it gives many of these SPT states a natural "decorated defect" construction.
description: 16 pages
MetaDocencia: A Community of Practice to Teach Teaching Open and Reproducible Research
Creators: name: MetaDocencia Team
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Latin America
Community
Open Science
Teaching
Pedagogy
Virtual classes
Ciencia abierta

description: Redacted MetaDocencia Proposal for CZI with the goal of taking MetaDocencia from a volunteer-based organization to a long-term sustainable nonprofit.
Point spread function of SDO/HMI and the effects of stray light correction on the apparent properties of solar surface phenomena
Creators: name: Yeo, K. L.
name: Feller, A.
name: Solanki, S. K.
name: Couvidat, S.
name: Danilovic, S.
name: Krivova, N. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a PSF for SDO/HMI and discuss the effects of its removal on the apparent properties of solar surface phenomena in HMI data. The PSF was retrieved from observations of Venus in transit by matching it to the convolution of a model of the venusian disc and solar background with a guess PSF. Observations recorded near in time to the transit of Venus were corrected for instrumental scattered light by the deconvolution with the PSF. Granulation contrast in restored HMI data is greatly enhanced relative to the original data and exhibit reasonable agreement with numerical simulations. Image restoration enhanced the apparent intensity and pixel averaged magnetic field strength of photospheric magnetic features significantly. For small-scale magnetic features, restoration enhanced intensity contrast in the continuum and core of the Fe I 617.3 nm line by a factor of 1.3, and the magnetogram signal by a factor of 1.7. For sunspots and pores, the enhancement varied strongly within and between features, being more acute for smaller features. Magnetic features are also rendered smaller, as signal smeared onto the surrounding quiet Sun is recovered. Image restoration increased the apparent amount of magnetic flux above the noise floor by a factor of about 1.2, most of the gain coming from the quiet Sun. Line-of-sight velocity due to granulation and supergranulation is enhanced by a factor of 1.4 to 2.1, depending on position on the solar disc. There are indications that the PSF varies across the FOV, with time and between the two CCDs. However, all these variations were found to be relatively small, such that the derived PSF can be applied to HMI data from both CCDs, over the period examined without introducing significant error. Image restoration affects the measured radiant, magnetic and dynamic properties of solar surface phenomena sufficiently to significantly impact interpretation.
The Influence of Infant Food Packaging Design on Perceptions of Kenyan Consumers: Conjoint Analysis Combined with Eye Tracking
Creators: name: Cramer, Ina
name: Schröter, Iris
name: Roba, Diba Tabi
name: Wario, Hussein Tadicha
name: Mergenthaler, Marcus
Publisher: name: International Journal on Food System Dynamics
Year: 2023
Subjects: Nutritional choices; malnutrition; convenience foods

description: Locally produced, healthy and affordable foods for children based on traditional recipes have the potential to improve the high rates of child malnutrition in Africa's drylands. Professional, informative packaging is needed for women's groups producing such foods to access the formal market. To identify suitable packaging designs, a conjoint experiment was combined with eye tracking. 16 packaging designs were created (D-efficient design), randomly displayed and rated for attractiveness by 98 participants. Overall, the results suggest that packaging designs for children's foods that include food safety symbols and detailed nutritional information could help Kenyan consumers build trust in the product being offered. Consumers gain information from images showing the product's ingredients and a logo composed of the colours of the Kenyan flag. The image of a cute cartoon animal helps consumers identify the product as a children's food.
description: International Journal on Food System Dynamics, Vol 14, No 4 (2023)
Massive MIMO Systems with Non-Ideal Hardware: Energy Efficiency, Estimation, and Capacity Limits
Creators: name: Björnson, Emil
name: Hoydis, Jakob
name: Kountouris, Marios
name: Debbah, Mérouane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The use of large-scale antenna arrays can bring substantial improvements in energy and/or spectral efficiency to wireless systems due to the greatly improved spatial resolution and array gain. Recent works in the field of massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) show that the user channels decorrelate when the number of antennas at the base stations (BSs) increases, thus strong signal gains are achievable with little inter-user interference. Since these results rely on asymptotics, it is important to investigate whether the conventional system models are reasonable in this asymptotic regime. This paper considers a new system model that incorporates general transceiver hardware impairments at both the BSs (equipped with large antenna arrays) and the single-antenna user equipments (UEs). As opposed to the conventional case of ideal hardware, we show that hardware impairments create finite ceilings on the channel estimation accuracy and on the downlink/uplink capacity of each UE. Surprisingly, the capacity is mainly limited by the hardware at the UE, while the impact of impairments in the large-scale arrays vanishes asymptotically and inter-user interference (in particular, pilot contamination) becomes negligible. Furthermore, we prove that the huge degrees of freedom offered by massive MIMO can be used to reduce the transmit power and/or to tolerate larger hardware impairments, which allows for the use of inexpensive and energy-efficient antenna elements.
description: To appear in IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 28 pages, 15 figures. The results can be reproduced using the following Matlab code: https://github.com/emilbjornson/massive-MIMO-hardware-impairments
First design of a superconducting qubit for the QUB-IT experiment
Creators: name: Labranca, Danilo
name: Corti, Hervè Atsè
name: Banchi, Leonardo
name: Cidronali, Alessandro
name: Felicetti, Simone
name: Gatti, Claudio
name: Giachero, Andrea
name: Nucciotti, Angelo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum sensing is a rapidly growing field of research which is already improving sensitivity in fundamental physics experiments. The ability to control quantum devices to measure physical quantities received a major boost from superconducting qubits and the improved capacity in engineering and fabricating this type of devices. The goal of the QUB-IT project is to realize an itinerant single-photon counter exploiting Quantum Non Demolition (QND) measurements and entangled qubits, in order to surpass current devices in terms of efficiency and low dark-count rates. Such a detector has direct applications in Axion dark-matter experiments (such as QUAX[1]), which require the photon to travel along a transmission line before being measured. In this contribution we present the design and simulation of the first superconducting device consisting of a transmon qubit coupled to a resonator using Qiskit-Metal (IBM). Exploiting the Energy Participation Ratio (EPR) simulation we were able to extract the circuit Hamiltonian parameters, such as resonant frequencies, anharmonicity and qubit-resonator couplings.
Iterative-Bayesian unfolding of isotopic cosmic-ray fluxes measured by AMS-02
Creators: name: Bueno, E. F.
name: Barão, F.
name: Vecchi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The measurement of the isotopic composition of cosmic rays (CRs) provides essential insights the understanding of the origin and propagation of these particles, namely the CR source spectra, the propagation processes and the galactic halo size. The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS-02), a CR detector operating aboard the International Space Station since May 2011, has the capability of performing these measurements due to its precise determination of the velocity provided by its Time of Flight (TOF) and Ring Imaging Cherenkov (RICH) detector. The correct interpretation of the data requires the measurements to be deconvoluted from the instrumental effects. The unique design of AMS-02, with more than one subdetector being used to measure the same flux, requires a novel approach to unfold the measured fluxes. In this work, we describe an iterative-Bayesian unfolding method applied in the context of isotopic flux measurements in AMS-02. The accuracy of the method is assessed using a simulated flux based on previous measurements and a full detector response function. We introduce a non-parametric regularization method for the detector response functions, as well as a single, smooth prior flux covering the full range of measurements from both detectors, TOF and RICH. In addition, the estimation of the errors and a discussion about the performance of the method are also shown, demonstrating that the method is fast and reliable, allowing for the recovery of the true fluxes in the full energy range.
description: Submitted to NIM A
A Game-Theoretic Approach to Distributed Coalition Formation in Energy-Aware Cloud Federations (Extended Version)
Creators: name: Guazzone, Marco
name: Anglano, Cosimo
name: Sereno, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.2.4; K.6.4

description: Federations among sets of Cloud Providers (CPs), whereby a set of CPs agree to mutually use their own resources to run the VMs of other CPs, are considered a promising solution to the problem of reducing the energy cost. In this paper, we address the problem of federation formation for a set of CPs, whose solution is necessary to exploit the potential of cloud federations for the reduction of the energy bill. We devise a distributed algorithm, based on cooperative game theory, that allows a set of CPs to cooperatively set up their federations in such a way that their individual profit is increased with respect to the case in which they work in isolation, and we show that, by using our algorithm and the proposed CPs' utility function, they are able to self-organize into Nash-stable federations and, by means of iterated executions, to adapt themselves to environmental changes. Numerical results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
description: Added publisher info and citation notice
Batchelor, Saffman, and Kazantsev spectra in galactic small-scale dynamos
Creators: name: Brandenburg, Axel
name: Zhou, Hongzhe
name: Sharma, Ramkishor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic fields in galaxy clusters and probably also in the interstellar medium are believed to be generated by a small-scale dynamo. Theoretically, during its kinematic stage, it is characterized by a Kazantsev spectrum, which peaks at the resistive scale. It is only slightly shallower than the Saffman spectrum that is expected for random and causally connected magnetic fields. Causally disconnected fields have the even steeper Batchelor spectrum. Here we show that all three spectra are present in the small-scale dynamo. During the kinematic stage, the Batchelor spectrum occurs on scales larger than the energy-carrying scale of the turbulence, and the Kazantsev spectrum on smaller scales within the inertial range of the turbulence -- even for a magnetic Prandtl number of unity. In the saturated state, the dynamo develops a Saffman spectrum on large scales, suggestive of the build-up of long-range correlations. At large magnetic Prandtl numbers, elongated structures are seen in synthetic synchrotron emission maps showing the parity-even E polarization. We also observe a significant excess in the E polarization over the parity-odd B polarization at subresistive scales, and a deficiency at larger scales. This finding is at odds with the observed excess in the Galactic microwave foreground emission, which is believed to be associated with larger scales. The E and B polarizations may be highly non-Gaussian and skewed in the kinematic regime of the dynamo. For dust emission, however, the polarized emission is always nearly Gaussian, and the excess in the E polarization is much weaker.
description: 14 pages, 25 figures, 5 tables, MNRAS, in press
Rural High School Students Self-Reported Shopping Frequency for Organic Food Products: The Role of Subjective Norm, Attitudes, Cultural Preferences, School Type and Gender
Creators: name: Gotschi, Elisabeth
name: Larcher, Manuela
name: Larcher, Manuela
name: Vogel, Stefan
name: Vogel, Stefan
Publisher: name: International Journal on Food System Dynamics
Year: 2023
Subjects: high school students; organic food products; self-reported shopping frequency; Theory of Planned Behavior; cultural preferences; survey

description: To contribute to the research gap about the role of adolescents in household purchasing decisions, a survey (n=565) was conducted in Lower Austria in 2018 to investigate rural high school students self-reported shopping frequency for organic food products. The Theory of Planned Behavior, extended with socio-demographic characteristics, cultural preferences and attitudinal variables is used as a theoretical framework. Key findings include the influence of attitude toward organic food products and subjective norm, particularly primary socialization, on self-reported shopping frequency. Socio-demographic characteristics and cultural preferences determine attitudes and have an impact on self-reported shopping frequency.
description: International Journal on Food System Dynamics, Vol 14, No 4 (2023)
On the index of Simon's congruence for piecewise testability
Creators: name: Karandikar, Prateek
name: Kufleitner, Manfred
name: Schnoebelen, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Simon's congruence, denoted \sim_n, relates words having the same subwords of length up to n. We show that, over a k-letter alphabet, the number of words modulo \sim_n is in 2^{Θ(n^{k-1} log n)}.
Two Remarkably Luminous Galaxy Candidates at $z\approx10-12$ Revealed by JWST
Creators: name: Naidu, Rohan P.
name: Oesch, Pascal A.
name: van Dokkum, Pieter
name: Nelson, Erica J.
name: Suess, Katherine A.
name: Brammer, Gabriel
name: Whitaker, Katherine E.
name: Illingworth, Garth
name: Bouwens, Rychard
name: Tacchella, Sandro
name: Matthee, Jorryt
name: Allen, Natalie
name: Bezanson, Rachel
name: Conroy, Charlie
name: Labbe, Ivo
name: Leja, Joel
name: Leonova, Ecaterina
name: Magee, Dan
name: Price, Sedona H.
name: Setton, David J.
name: Strait, Victoria
name: Stefanon, Mauro
name: Toft, Sune
name: Weaver, John R.
name: Weibel, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first few hundred Myrs at $z>10$ mark the last major uncharted epoch in the history of the Universe, where only a single galaxy (GNz11 at $z\approx11$) is currently spectroscopically confirmed. Here we present a search for luminous $z>10$ galaxies with $JWST$/NIRCam photometry spanning $\approx1-5μ$m and covering 49 arcmin$^{2}$ from the public Early Release Science programs (CEERS and GLASS). Our most secure candidates are two $M_{\rm{UV}}\approx-21$ systems: GLASS-z12 and GLASS-z10. These galaxies display abrupt $\gtrsim1.8$ mag breaks in their spectral energy distributions, consistent with complete absorption of flux bluewards of Lyman-$α$ that is redshifted to $z=12.4^{+0.1}_{-0.3}$ and $z=10.4^{+0.4}_{-0.5}$. Lower redshift interlopers such as quiescent galaxies with strong Balmer breaks would be comfortably detected at $>5σ$ in multiple bands where instead we find no flux. From SED modeling we infer that these galaxies have already built up $\sim 10^9$ solar masses in stars over the $\lesssim300-400$ Myrs after the Big Bang. The brightness of these sources enable morphological constraints. Tantalizingly, GLASS-z10 shows a clearly extended exponential light profile, potentially consistent with a disk galaxy of $r_{\rm{50}}\approx0.7$ kpc. These sources, if confirmed, join GNz11 in defying number density forecasts for luminous galaxies based on Schechter UV luminosity functions, which require a survey area $>10\times$ larger than we have studied here to find such luminous sources at such high redshifts. They extend evidence from lower redshifts for little or no evolution in the bright end of the UV luminosity function into the cosmic dawn epoch, with implications for just how early these galaxies began forming. This, in turn, suggests that future deep $JWST$ observations may identify relatively bright galaxies to much earlier epochs than might have been anticipated.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJL. Analysis updated with in-flight NIRCam chip-wise zero-points -- Figure 6 shows a comparison with v1
A two-sided estimate for the Gaussian noise stability deficit
Creators: name: Eldan, Ronen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Gaussian noise-stability of a set A in R^n is defined by S_rho(A) = P (X in A and Y in A) where X and Y are standard Gaussian vectors whose correlation is rho. Borell's inequality states that for all 0 < rho < 1, among all sets A with a given Gaussian measure, the quantity S_rho(A) is maximized when A is a half-space. We give a novel short proof of this fact, based on stochastic calculus. Moreover, we prove an almost tight, two-sided, dimension-free robustness estimate for this inequality: by introducing a new metric to measure the distance between the set A and its corresponding half-space H (namely the distance between the two centroids), we show that the deficit S_rho(H) - S_rho(A) can be controlled from both below and above by essentially the same function of the distance, up to logarithmic factors. As a consequence, we also establish the conjectured exponent in the robustness estimate proven by Mossel-Neeman, which uses the total-variation distance as a metric. In the limit rho->1, we get an improved dimension free robustness bound for the Gaussian isoperimetric inequality. Our estimates are also valid for a the more general version of stability where more than two correlated vectors are considered.
description: 42 pages
AXLOQIY MADANIYAT VA QADRIYATLAR. TIBBIY ETIKA
Creators: name: Hayrullayeva Mahzumabonu Muzaffarbek Qizi
name: Yuldasheva., L.S.
Publisher: name: Tafakkur manzili
Year: 2023

description: Annotatsiya: Axloqiy madaniyat ishonchni mustahkamlashga yordam beradi, jamoada ishlashni rivojlantiradi va xodimlar o'rtasida mas'uliyat va halollik hissini rivojlantiradi. U ishxonada ham umumiy maqsadlarini qoʻllab-quvvatlaydi va jamiyatning masʼuliyatli va hurmatli aʼzosi boʻlishga yordam beradi. Hozirgi maqola aynan shular haqida qisqacha ma'lumot berib õtaman.
Entanglement length scale separates threading from branching of unknotted and non-concatenated ring polymers in melts
Creators: name: Ubertini, Mattia Alberto
name: Smrek, Jan
name: Rosa, Angelo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Current theories on the conformation and dynamics of unknotted and non-concatenated ring polymers in melt conditions describe each ring as a tree-like double-folded object. While evidence from simulations supports this picture on a single ring level, other works show pairs of rings also thread each other - a feature overlooked in the tree theories. Here we reconcile this dichotomy using Monte-Carlo simulations of the ring melts with different bending rigidity. We find that rings are double-folded (more strongly for stiffer rings) on and above the entanglement length scale, while the threadings are localized on smaller scales. The different theories disagree on the details of the tree structure, i.e the fractal dimension of the backbone of the tree. In the stiffer melts we find an indication of a self-avoiding scaling of the backbone, while more flexible chains do not exhibit such a regime. Moreover, the theories commonly neglect threadings, and assign different importance to the impact of the progressive constraint release (tube dilation) on single ring relaxation due to the motion of other rings. Despite each threading creates only a small opening in the double-folded structure, the threading loops can be numerous and their length can exceed substantially the entanglement scale. We link the threading constraints to the divergence of the relaxation time of a ring, if the tube dilation is hindered by pinning a fraction of other rings in space. Current theories do not predict such divergence and predict faster than measured diffusion of rings, pointing at the relevance of the threading constraints in unpinned systems as well. Revision of the theories with explicit threading constraints might elucidate the validity of the conjectured existence of topological glass.
description: 42 pages, 12 figures in the main text, 6 supplementary figures. Submitted for publication
A new hierarchical clustering algorithm to identify non-overlapping like-minded communities
Creators: name: Deepak, Talasila Sai
name: Adhya, Hindol
name: Kejriwal, Shyamal
name: Gullapalli, Bhanuteja
name: Shannigrahi, Saswata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A network has a non-overlapping community structure if the nodes of the network can be partitioned into disjoint sets such that each node in a set is densely connected to other nodes inside the set and sparsely connected to the nodes out- side it. There are many metrics to validate the efficacy of such a structure, such as clustering coefficient, betweenness, centrality, modularity and like-mindedness. Many methods have been proposed to optimize some of these metrics, but none of these works well on the recently introduced metric like-mindedness. To solve this problem, we propose a be- havioral property based algorithm to identify communities that optimize the like-mindedness metric and compare its performance on this metric with other behavioral data based methodologies as well as community detection methods that rely only on structural data. We execute these algorithms on real-life datasets of Filmtipset and Twitter and show that our algorithm performs better than the existing algorithms with respect to the like-mindedness metric.
Olamning universal aloqalari va rivojlanish. Falsafiy dialektika universal qonunlari. Falsafiy dialektika ketegoriyalari
Creators: name: Shoraximova Muyassar
name: Yuldasheva., L.S.
Publisher: name: Tafakkur manzili
Year: 2023

description: Bugunki 21asrda dunyo taraqqiyoti nihoyatda rivojlanib bormoqda. Zamonaviy falsafa imkoniyat va voqelikni ilmiy tushuntirib bu kategoriyalar dunyodagi aloqadorlik va rivojlanishning muhim xususiyat, tomonlarini ifodalaydi. Olamdagi narsalarning bir shakldan ikkinchi shaklga o‘tishini, taraqqiyotning oddiydan murakkabga qarab yo‘nalishini, eskilik bilan yangilik o‘rtasidagi qarama-qarshi munosabatlarni bildiradi. Maqola aynan shular haqida qisqacha yoritilgan.
Integrated Finite Element Neural Network (I-FENN) for non-local continuum damage mechanics
Creators: name: Pantidis, Panos
name: Mobasher, Mostafa E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new Integrated Finite Element Neural Network framework (I-FENN), with the objective to accelerate the numerical solution of nonlinear computational mechanics problems. We leverage the swift predictive capability of neural networks (NNs) and we embed them inside the finite element stiffness function, to compute element-level state variables and their derivatives within a nonlinear, iterative numerical solution. This process is conducted jointly with conventional finite element methods that involve shape functions: the NN receives input data that resembles the material point deformation and its output is used to construct element-level field variables such as the element Jacobian matrix and residual vector. Here we introduce I-FENN to the continuum damage analysis of quasi-brittle materials, and we establish a new non-local gradient-based damage framework which operates at the cost of a local damage approach. First, we develop a physics informed neural network (PINN) to resemble the non-local gradient model and then we train the neural network offline. The network learns to predict the non-local equivalent strain at each material point, as well as its derivative with respect to the local strain. Then, the PINN is integrated in the element stiffness definition and conducts the local to non-local strain transformation, whereas the two PINN outputs are used to construct the element Jacobian matrix and residual vector. This process is carried out within the nonlinear solver, until numerical convergence is achieved. The resulting method bears the computational cost of the conventional local damage approach, but ensures mesh-independent results and a diffused non-local strain and damage profile. As a result, the proposed method tackles the vital drawbacks of both the local and non-local gradient method, respectively being the mesh-dependence and additional computational cost.
title: Tilman Lenssen-Erz und Marie-Theres Erz: Brandberg - Der Bilderberg Namibias
Creators: name: Lange, Mathias
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: Rezension zu: Tilman Lenssen-Erz und Marie-Theres Erz: Brandberg - Der Bilderberg Namibias. Kunst und Geschichte einer Urlandschaft. Herausgegeben und mit einem Vorwort von Gerhard Bosinski. Geleitwort von Paul Bahn. Thorbecke Speläothek Band 5. Jan Thorbecke Verlag. Stuttgart 2000. 127 Seiten mit 150 farbigen Abbildungen.
Forecasting Intermittent Demand by Hyperbolic-Exponential Smoothing
Creators: name: Prestwich, S. D.
name: Tarim, S. A.
name: Rossi, R.
name: Hnich, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Croston's method is generally viewed as superior to exponential smoothing when demand is intermittent, but it has the drawbacks of bias and an inability to deal with obsolescence, in which an item's demand ceases altogether. Several variants have been reported, some of which are unbiased on certain types of demand, but only one recent variant addresses the problem of obsolescence. We describe a new hybrid of Croston's method and Bayesian inference called Hyperbolic-Exponential Smoothing, which is unbiased on non-intermittent and stochastic intermittent demand, decays hyperbolically when obsolescence occurs and performs well in experiments.
description: Earlier versions of this work were presented at the 25th European Conference on Operations Research, 2012; and at the 54th Annual Conference of the UK Operational Research Society, 2012. A journal version is in preparation
title: Gerhard Fingerlin: Dangstetten II. Katalog der Funde (Fundstellen 604 bis 1358)
Creators: name: Martell, Ingo
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: Rezension zu: Gerhard Fingerlin: Dangstetten II. Katalog der Funde (Fundstellen 604 bis 1358). Forschungen und Berichte zur Vor- und Frühgeschichte in
BadenWürttemberg 69. Konrad Theiss Verlag. Stuttgart 1998. 420 Seiten mit 221 Tafeln
An Economic Retrospective on the Policy Banning Glyphosate in Sri Lanka between 2015 and 2018: The Case of the Tea Industry Economic
Creators: name: Rathnayake, Chinthani
name: Malcolm, Bill
name: Malcolm, Bill
name: Griffith, Garry
name: Griffith, Garry
name: Sinnett, Alex
name: Sinnett, Alex
Publisher: name: International Journal on Food System Dynamics
Year: 2023
Subjects: Glyphosate; economic impact; tea industry; equilibrium displacement modelling, unintended consequences

description: There was a flawed policy banning Glyphosate in Sri Lanka in 2015 that was later withdrawn, but only after significant economic losses were experienced, especially in the tea industry. The focus of this study is to highlight the impact of the policy on the tea growing sector and determine the economic cost on the tea value chain. It is also aimed to remind policymakers that science and economics, theory and evidence, still matter in implementing public policies. The methods used in the study involved gross margin budget analysis of tea grower groups, thematic analysis of qualitative data collected through interviews and welfare analysis of the impacts of the ban on the industry using an Equilibrium Displacement Model. Direct impacts were experienced by the farm sector engaging in tea cultivation. An unintended consequence of this policy was rejection of tea exports from Sri Lanka to Japanese markets. The annual loss in the tea industry by banning Glyphosate was estimated to be LKR 20 billion (more than $US100 million), though the true cost likely was much more than this. Hence, policies introduced to minimize adverse impacts from market failures warrant full attention being given to the scientific, economic, social and political realities of the case at hand, and the likely consequences for the affected parties and their responses.
description: International Journal on Food System Dynamics, Vol 14, No 4 (2023)
title: H. Koschik (Hrsg.): Brunnen der Jungsteinzeit
Creators: name: Walter, Peter
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: Rezension zu: H. Koschik (Hrsg.): Brunnen der Jungsteinzeit Internationales Symposium Erkelenz. 27. bis 29. Oktober 1997. Materialien zur Bodendenkmalpflege im Rheinland IL Köln/Bonn 1998.
The minimal base size for a p-solvable linear group
Creators: name: Halasi, Zoltán
name: Maróti, Attila
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $V$ be a finite vector space over a finite field of order $q$ and of characteristic $p$. Let $G\leq GL(V)$ be a $p$-solvable completely reducible linear group. Then there exists a base for $G$ on $V$ of size at most $2$ unless $q \leq 4$ in which case there exists a base of size at most $3$. The first statement extends a recent result of Halasi and Podoski and the second statement generalizes a theorem of Seress. An extension of a theorem of Pálfy and Wolf is also given.
description: 11 pages
Algorithmic Folk Theories: How TikTok Shapes How We View Race
Creators: name: Johnson, Kayla
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2023
Subjects: social media
algorithms
technology
communication
race
identity
diversity
inclusion

description: Many young people today are essentially growing up online. Their digital presence is deeply intertwined with their identities as platforms like TikTok provide novel space for people to explore their interests while curating their public image. Algorithmic Folk Theories: How TikTok Shapes How We View Race is a video essay project that explores the effect that social media algorithms have on young people’s self-image, especially people of color, and our collective understanding of race. The film explores the balance between cultural appropriation and appreciation on TikTok and sheds light on the limitations of algorithm-based content moderation, which often privileges white creators. The film also calls on social media companies to readdress their content moderation policies to create a more inclusive digital space.
Triaxiality explored by an odd quasi-particle
Creators: name: Li, Weichuan
name: Caprio, Mark A.
name: Frauendorf, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The triaxiality of odd-mass nuclei is investigated by coupling a quasiparticle to an even-even core through the core-quasiparticle coupling model. Both soft and rigid triaxial cores are considered. The "soft core" is described by the collective model with rotation-vibrational motion, while the "rigid core" is described by the triaxial rotor model, which is a limiting case of the collective model with only rotational motion. We show that the presence of the odd quasiparticle modifies the collective quadrupole dynamics of the core to appear more "rigid".
2017-GR_Gustafson-Differential Equations Course Materials
Creators: name: Gustafson, Grant
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2023

description: There are many applications from compartment and cascade analysis, recycling brine tank, home heating with multiple rooms, chemostat, microbes, heartbeats, lidocaine, nutrient flow in an aquarium, biomass transfer, pesticides, forecasting prices, electric
A Comparison of DICE-2007 and the Simple Solow Model
Creators: name: Kapadia, Enayat
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2023
Subjects: IAM
climate modeling
climate change
climate economics
Nordhaus
DICE

description: Climate change is one of the defining issues of the current day. Despite the ever-increasing number of resources dedicated to researching it though, there is a corresponding lack of public understanding of the issue, particularly among young people. The integrated assessment model, which combines economics and geophysics to quantify the damages caused by climate change, offers a potential remedy to this issue. Unfortunately, even the simplest integrated assessment model, William Nordhaus’s Dynamic Integrated Climate-Economy (DICE) model, is far too complex for undergraduate students to understand. Though largely untested, the Simple Solow Model (SSM) is a much simpler integrated assessment model that is based on the Solow model for growth, a basic economic concept taught at the undergraduate level. The objective of this paper is to quantify the level of similarity between the SSM and DICE; this will be done by performing sensitivity analysis on certain key parameters. Ultimately, the thesis will use this quantitative data to determine whether the SSM communicates the same ideas as DICE and what the implications of this comparison are for educators.
How NFL Teams Make Risky Decisions
Creators: name: Kardesch, Carter
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2023
Subjects: NFL
Football
Risk
Data Analytics
4th Down

description: Data analytics has begun to take over the world of sports. Coaches are making educated gametime decisions based on these advancements. However, leagues, such as the National Football League, still do not allow coaches to access in time analytics. Therefore, this raises the question: how do NFL teams make risky decisions? While there are studies that apply this question to kickoff strategies as well as the injury risk for players, studies regarding actual play calling have yet to be published. Furthermore, the concept of risk differs from sport to sport. Because it rests so heavily on uncertainty, play calling in football is actually transformed into a subset of game theory. Even if the majority of the decisions are based upon game theory, there are still a myriad of factors that could affect the ultimate choice, even if they are incognizant. These can be broken into factors of the actual game, season, team, or for the coach who oversees all of the play calling. These factors can then be run in a logistical regression against an example of a risky decision in football. The one chosen in this study was going for it on 4 th down. After establishing what factors are significant, a final predictive model can be created that in turn displays what plays the largest role in delicate gametime situations. Finally, this model can hopefully provide a framework for companies outside of sports, such as ones in finance, to evaluate different investments and projects.
ISIS: a new N-body cosmological code with scalar fields based on RAMSES. Code presentation and application to the shapes of clusters
Creators: name: Llinares, Claudio
name: Mota, David F.
name: Winther, Hans A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several extensions of the standard cosmological model include scalar fields as new degrees of freedom in the underlying gravitational theory. A particular class of these scalar field theories include screening mechanisms intended to hide the scalar field below observational limits in the solar system, but not on galactic scales, where data still gives freedom to find possible signatures of their presence. In order to make predictions to compare with observations coming from galactic and clusters scales (i.e. in the non-linear regime of cosmological evolution), cosmological N-body simulations are needed, for which codes that can solve for the scalar field must be developed. We present a new implementation of scalar-tensor theories of gravity which include screening mechanisms. The code is based in the already existing code RAMSES, to which we have added a non-linear multigrid solver that can treat a large class of scalar tensor theories of modified gravity. We present details of the implementation and the tests that we made to it. As application of the new code, we have studied the influence that two particular modified gravity theories, the symmetron and $f(R)$ gravity, have on the shape of cluster sized dark matter halos and found consistent results with previous estimations made with a static analysis.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures, matches version accepted for publication in A&A
Error estimates for approximations of nonhomogeneous nonlinear uniformly elliptic equations
Creators: name: Turanova, Olga
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We obtain an error estimate between viscosity solutions and δ-viscosity solutions of nonhomogeneous fully nonlinear uniformly elliptic equations. The main assumption, besides uniform ellipticity, is that the nonlinearity is Lipschitz-continuous in space with linear growth in the Hessian. We also establish a rate of convergence for monotone and consistent finite difference approximation schemes for such equations.
description: 37 pages; improved exposition from previous version
Measurement of substructure-dependent jet suppression in Pb+Pb collisions at 5.02 TeV with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: jet, suppression
jet, transverse momentum
p p, scattering
jet, quenching
TeV
ATLAS
coherence
splitting
nucleon nucleon
CERN LHC Coll
nucleus
calorimeter
structure

description: The ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider has been used to measure jet substructure modification and suppression in Pb+Pb collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s_{_\mathrm{NN}}}=5.02~\mathrm{TeV}$ in comparison with $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=5.02~\mathrm{TeV}$. The Pb+Pb data, collected in 2018, have an integrated luminosity of $1.72~\mathrm{nb^{-1}}$, while the $pp$ data, collected in 2017, have an integrated luminosity of $260~\mathrm{pb}^{-1}$. Jets used in this analysis are clustered using the anti-$k_{t}$ algorithm with a radius parameter $R=0.4$. The jet constituents, defined by both tracking and calorimeter information, are used to determine the angular scale $r_\mathrm{g}$ of the first hard splitting inside the jet by reclustering them using the Cambridge-Aachen algorithm and employing the soft-drop grooming technique. The nuclear modification factor, $R_\mathrm{AA}$, used to characterize jet suppression in Pb+Pb collisions, is presented differentially in $r_\mathrm{g}$, jet transverse momentum, and in intervals of collision centrality. The $R_\mathrm{AA}$ value is observed to depend significantly on jet $r_\mathrm{g}$. Jets produced with the largest measured $r_\mathrm{g}$ are found to be twice as suppressed as those with the smallest $r_\mathrm{g}$ in central Pb+Pb collisions. The $R_\mathrm{AA}$ values do not exhibit a strong variation with jet $p_\mathrm{T}$ in any of the $r_\mathrm{g}$ intervals. The $r_\mathrm{g}$ and $p_\mathrm{T}$ dependence of jet $R_\mathrm{AA}$ is qualitatively consistent with a picture of jet quenching arising from coherence and provides the most direct evidence in support of this approach.
Nonstandard interaction effects on neutrino parameters at medium-baseline reactor antineutrino experiments
Creators: name: Ohlsson, Tommy
name: Zhang, He
name: Zhou, Shun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Precision measurements of leptonic mixing parameters and the determination of the neutrino mass hierarchy are the primary goals of the forthcoming medium-baseline reactor antineutrino experiments, such as JUNO and RENO-50. In this work, we investigate the impact of nonstandard neutrino interactions (NSIs) on the measurements of {sin^2 theta_{12}, Delta m^2_{21}} and {sin^2 theta_{13}, Delta m^2_{31}}, and on the sensitivity to the neutrino mass hierarchy, at the medium-baseline reactor experiments by assuming a typical experimental setup. It turns out that the true mixing parameter sin^2 theta_{12} can be excluded at a more than 3 sigma level if the NSI parameter varepsilon_{e mu} or varepsilon_{e tau} is as large as 2% in the most optimistic case. However, the discovery reach of NSI effects has been found to be small, and depends crucially on the CP-violating phases. Finally, we show that NSI effects could enhance or reduce the discrimination power of the JUNO and RENO-50 experiments between the normal and inverted neutrino mass hierarchies.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures, references updated, matches the published version
2014-Wrona-EtAl-Two-compartment model as a teaching tool for cholesterol homeostasis
Creators: name: Wrona, Artur
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2023

description: To investigate cholesterol transport in the circulatory system, we have previously developed a two-compartment mathematical model. Here, we show how this model can be used as a teaching tool for cholesterol homeostasis.
title: Sigrun M. Karlisch, Sibylle Kästner und Eva-Maria Mertens (Hrsg.): Vom Knochenmann zur Menschenfrau: Feministische Theorie und archäologische Praxis
Creators: name: Siegmund, Frank
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: Rezension zu: Sigrun M. Karlisch, Sibylle Kästner und Eva-Maria Mertens (Hrsg.): Vom Knochenmann zur Menschenfrau: Feministische Theorie und
archäologische Praxis Bericht über die 4. Tagung des 'Netzwerks archäologisch arbeitender Frauen', Stralsund 1996. Agenda Frauen 9. Agenda Verlag, Münster 1997