cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Deep Chandra Observations of the Compact Starburst Galaxy Henize 2-10: X-rays from the Massive Black Hole
Creators: name: Reines, Amy
name: Reynolds, Mark
name: Miller, Jon
name: Sivakoff, Gregory
name: Greene, Jenny
name: Hickox, Ryan
name: Johnson, Kelsey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present follow-up X-ray observations of the candidate massive black hole (BH) in the nucleus of the low-mass, compact starburst galaxy Henize 2-10. Using new high-resolution observations from the Chandra X-ray Observatory totaling 200 ks in duration, as well as archival Chandra observations from 2001, we demonstrate the presence of a previously unidentified X-ray point source that is spatially coincident with the known nuclear radio source in Henize 2-10 (i.e., the massive BH). We show that the hard X-ray emission previously identified in the 2001 observation is dominated by a source that is distinct from the nucleus, with the properties expected for a high-mass X-ray binary. The X-ray luminosity of the nuclear source suggests the massive BH is radiating significantly below its Eddington limit (~10^-6 L_Edd), and the soft spectrum resembles other weakly accreting massive BHs including Sagittarius A*. Analysis of the X-ray light curve of the nucleus reveals the tentative detection of a ~9-hour periodicity, although additional observations are required to confirm this result. Our study highlights the need for sensitive high-resolution X-ray observations to probe low-level accretion, which is the dominant mode of BH activity throughout the Universe.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters. 7 pages, 4 figures
Towards Self-explanatory Ontology Visualization with Contextual Verbalization
Creators: name: Liepiņš, Renārs
name: Bojārs, Uldis
name: Grūzītis, Normunds
name: Čerāns, Kārlis
name: Celms, Edgars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Ontologies are one of the core foundations of the Semantic Web. To participate in Semantic Web projects, domain experts need to be able to understand the ontologies involved. Visual notations can provide an overview of the ontology and help users to understand the connections among entities. However, the users first need to learn the visual notation before they can interpret it correctly. Controlled natural language representation would be readable right away and might be preferred in case of complex axioms, however, the structure of the ontology would remain less apparent. We propose to combine ontology visualizations with contextual ontology verbalizations of selected ontology (diagram) elements, displaying controlled natural language (CNL) explanations of OWL axioms corresponding to the selected visual notation elements. Thus, the domain experts will benefit from both the high-level overview provided by the graphical notation and the detailed textual explanations of particular elements in the diagram.
$H \rightarrow τ^+ τ^- γ$ as a Probe of the $τ$ Magnetic Dipole Moment
Creators: name: Galon, Iftah
name: Rajaraman, Arvind
name: Tait, Tim M. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low energy observables involving the Standard Model fermions which are chirality-violating, such as anomalous electromagnetic moments, necessarily involve an insertion of the Higgs in order to maintain $SU(2) \times U(1)$ gauge invariance. As the result, the properties of the Higgs boson measured at the LHC impact our understanding of the associated low-energy quantities. We illustrate this feature with a discussion of the electromagnetic moments of the $τ$-lepton, as probed by the rare decay $H \rightarrow τ^+ τ^- γ$. We assess the feasibility of measuring this decay at the LHC, and show that the current bounds from lower energy measurements imply that $13~\rm{TeV}$ running is very likely to improve our understanding of new physics contributing to the anomalous magnetic moment of the tau.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures
Integrating a Model of Analytical Quality Assurance into the V-Modell XT
Creators: name: Wagner, Stefan
name: Meisinger, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.2.9; D.2.8; D.2.5

description: Economic models of quality assurance can be an important tool for decision makers in software development projects. They enable to base quality assurance planning on economical factors of the product and the used defect-detection techniques. A variety of such models has been proposed but many are too abstract to be used in practice. Furthermore, even the more concrete models lack an integration with existing software development process models to increase their applicability. This paper describes an integration of a thorough stochastic model of the economics of analytical quality assurance with the systems development process model V-Modell XT. The integration is done in a modular way by providing a new process module - a concept directly available in the V-Modell XT for extension purposes - related to analytical quality assurance. In particular, we describe the work products, roles, and activities defined in our new process module and their effects on existing V-Modell XT elements.
description: 9 pages in Proceedings of the 3rd international workshop on Software quality assurance (SOQUA'06), ACM, 2006
Human Behavior-based Personalized Meal Recommendation and Menu Planning Social System
Creators: name: Islam, Tanvir
name: Joyita, Anika Rahman
name: Alam, Md. Golam Rabiul
name: Hassan, Mohammad Mehedi
name: Hassan, Md. Rafiul
name: Gravina, Raffaele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The traditional dietary recommendation systems are basically nutrition or health-aware where the human feelings on food are ignored. Human affects vary when it comes to food cravings, and not all foods are appealing in all moods. A questionnaire-based and preference-aware meal recommendation system can be a solution. However, automated recognition of social affects on different foods and planning the menu considering nutritional demand and social-affect has some significant benefits of the questionnaire-based and preference-aware meal recommendations. A patient with severe illness, a person in a coma, or patients with locked-in syndrome and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) cannot express their meal preferences. Therefore, the proposed framework includes a social-affective computing module to recognize the affects of different meals where the person's affect is detected using electroencephalography signals. EEG allows to capture the brain signals and analyze them to anticipate affective toward a food. In this study, we have used a 14-channel wireless Emotive Epoc+ to measure affectivity for different food items. A hierarchical ensemble method is applied to predict affectivity upon multiple feature extraction methods and TOPSIS (Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) is used to generate a food list based on the predicted affectivity. In addition to the meal recommendation, an automated menu planning approach is also proposed considering a person's energy intake requirement, affectivity, and nutritional values of the different menus. The bin-packing algorithm is used for the personalized menu planning of breakfast, lunch, dinner, and snacks. The experimental findings reveal that the suggested affective computing, meal recommendation, and menu planning algorithms perform well across a variety of assessment parameters.
A Novel Reflectometer for Relative Reflectance Measurements of CCDs
Creators: name: Hart, Murdock
name: Barkhouser, Robert H.
name: Gunn, James E.
name: Smee, Stephen A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The high quantum efficiencies (QE) of backside illuminated charge coupled devices (CCD) has ushered in the age of the large scale astronomical survey. The QE of these devices can be greater than 90 %, and is dependent upon the operating temperature, device thickness, backside charging mechanisms, and anti-reflection (AR) coatings. But at optical wavelengths the QE is well approximated as one minus the reflectance, thus the measurement of the backside reflectivity of these devices provides a second independent measure of their QE. We have designed and constructed a novel instrument to measure the relative specular reflectance of CCD detectors, with a significant portion of this device being constructed using a 3D fused deposition model (FDM) printer. This device implements both a monitor and measurement photodiode to simultaneously collect incident and reflected measurements reducing errors introduced by the relative reflectance calibration process. While most relative reflectometers are highly dependent upon a precisely repeatable target distance for accurate measurements, we have implemented a method of measurement which minimizes these errors. Using the reflectometer we have measured the reflectance of two types of Hamamatsu CCD detectors. The first device is a Hamamatsu 2k x 4k backside illuminated high resistivity p-type silicon detector which has been optimized to operate in the blue from 380 nm - 650 nm. The second detector being a 2k x 4k backside illuminated high resistivity p-type silicon detector optimized for use in the red from 640 nm - 960 nm. We have not only been able to measure the reflectance of these devices as a function of wavelength we have also sampled the reflectance as a function of position on the device, and found a reflection gradient across these devices.
description: SPIE ATI 2016
Factorization for the light-jet mass and hemisphere soft function
Creators: name: Becher, Thomas
name: Pecjak, Benjamin D.
name: Shao, Ding Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many collider observables suffer from non-global logarithms not captured by standard resummation techniques. Classic examples are the light-jet mass event shape in the limit of small mass and the related hemisphere soft function. We derive factorization formulas for both of these and explicitly demonstrate that they capture all logarithms present at NNLO. These formulas achieve full scale separation and provide the basis for all-order resummations. A characteristic feature of non-global observables is that the soft radiation is driven by multi-Wilson-line operators, and the ones arising here map onto those relevant for the case of narrow-cone jet cross sections. Numerically, the contributions of non-global logarithms to resummed hemisphere-mass event shapes are sizeable.
description: 38 pages, 4 figures
Radial gradients in initial mass function sensitive absorption features in the Coma brightest cluster galaxies
Creators: name: Zieleniewski, Simon
name: Houghton, Ryan C. W.
name: Thatte, Niranjan
name: Davies, Roger L.
name: Vaughan, Sam P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the Oxford Short Wavelength Integral Field specTrograph (SWIFT), we trace radial variations of initial mass function (IMF) sensitive absorption features of three galaxies in the Coma cluster. We obtain resolved spectroscopy of the central 5kpc for the two central brightest-cluster galaxies (BCGs) NGC4889, NGC4874, and the BCG in the south-west group NGC4839, as well as unresolved data for NGC4873 as a low-$σ_*$ control. We present radial measurements of the IMF-sensitive features sodium NaI$_{\rm{SDSS}}$, calcium triplet CaT and iron-hydride FeH0.99, along with the magnesium MgI0.88 and titanium oxide TiO0.89 features. We employ two separate methods for both telluric correction and sky-subtraction around the faint FeH feature to verify our analysis. Within NGC4889 we find strong gradients of NaI$_{\rm{SDSS}}$ and CaT but a flat FeH profile, which from comparing to stellar population synthesis models, suggests an old, $α$-enhanced population with a Chabrier, or even bottom-light IMF. The age and abundance is in line with previous studies but the normal IMF is in contrast to recent results suggesting an increased IMF slope with increased velocity dispersion. We measure flat NaI$_{\rm{SDSS}}$ and FeH profiles within NGC4874 and determine an old, possibly slightly $α$-enhanced and Chabrier IMF population. We find an $α$-enhanced, Chabrier IMF population in NGC4873. Within NGC4839 we measure both strong NaI$_{\rm{SDSS}}$ and strong FeH, although with a large systematic uncertainty, suggesting a possible heavier IMF. The IMFs we infer for these galaxies are supported by published dynamical modelling. We stress that IMF constraints should be corroborated by further spectral coverage and independent methods on a galaxy-by-galaxy basis.
description: 24 pages, 17 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
The Effects of Cultural dimensions and Demographic Characteristics on E-learning Acceptance
Creators: name: Tarhini, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This study aims to develop and test an amalgamated conceptual framework based on Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and other models from social psychology, such as theory of reasoned action and TAM2 that captures the salient factors influencing the user adoption and acceptance of web-based learning systems. This framework has been applied to the study of higher educational institutions in the context of developing as well as developed countries (e.g. Lebanon and UK). Additionally, the framework investigates the moderating effect of Hofstedes four cultural dimensions at the individual level and a set of individual differences (age, gender, experience and educational level) on the key determinants that affect the behavioral intention to use e-learning. A total of 1197 questionnaires were received from students who were using web-based learning systems at higher educational institutions in Lebanon and the UK with opposite scores on cultural dimensions. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was used to perform reliability and validity checks, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) in conjunction with multi-group analysis method was used to test the hypothesized conceptual model. Our findings suggest that individual, social, cultural and organizational factors are important to consider in explaining students behavioral intention and usage of e-learning environments. The findings of this research contribute to the literature by validating and supporting the applicability of our extended TAM in the Lebanese and British contexts and provide several prominent implications to both theory and practice on the individual, organizational and societal levels.
description: unpublished thesis
On Versatile Video Coding at UHD with Machine-Learning-Based Super-Resolution
Creators: name: Fischer, Kristian
name: Herglotz, Christian
name: Kaup, André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Coding 4K data has become of vital interest in recent years, since the amount of 4K data is significantly increasing. We propose a coding chain with spatial down- and upscaling that combines the next-generation VVC codec with machine learning based single image super-resolution algorithms for 4K. The investigated coding chain, which spatially downscales the 4K data before coding, shows superior quality than the conventional VVC reference software for low bitrate scenarios. Throughout several tests, we find that up to 12 % and 18 % Bjontegaard delta rate gains can be achieved on average when coding 4K sequences with VVC and QP values above 34 and 42, respectively. Additionally, the investigated scenario with up- and downscaling helps to reduce the loss of details and compression artifacts, as it is shown in a visual example.
description: Originally published as conference paper at QoMEX 2020
The Dragonfly Nearby Galaxies Survey. II. Ultra diffuse galaxies near the elliptical galaxy NGC 5485
Creators: name: Merritt, Allison
name: van Dokkum, Pieter
name: Danieli, Shany
name: Abraham, Roberto
name: Zhang, Jielai
name: Karachentsev, I. D.
name: Makarova, L. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the unexpected discovery of four ultra diffuse galaxies (UDGs) in a group environment. We recently identified seven extremely low surface brightness galaxies in the vicinity of the spiral galaxy M101, using data from the Dragonfly Telephoto Array. The galaxies have effective radii of $10"-38"$ and central surface brightnesses of $25.6-27.7$ mag arcsec$^{-2}$ in g-band. We subsequently obtained follow-up observations with $HST$ to constrain the distances to these galaxies. Four remain persistently unresolved even with the spatial resolution of $HST$/ACS, which implies distances of $D > 17.5$ Mpc. We show that the galaxies are most likely associated with a background group at $\sim 27$ Mpc containing the massive ellipticals NGC 5485 and NGC 5473. At this distance, the galaxies have sizes of $2.6-4.9$ kpc, and are classified as UDGs, similar to the populations that have been revealed in clusters such as Coma, Virgo and Fornax, yet even more diffuse. The discovery of four UDGs in a galaxy group demonstrates that the UDG phenomenon is not exclusive to cluster environments. Furthermore, their morphologies seem less regular than those of the cluster populations, which may suggest a different formation mechanism or be indicative of a threshold in surface density below which UDGs are unable to maintain stability.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Managing Quality Requirements Using Activity-Based Quality Models
Creators: name: Wagner, Stefan
name: Deissenboeck, Florian
name: Winter, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.2.1; D.2.9

description: Managing requirements on quality aspects is an important issue in the development of software systems. Difficulties arise from expressing them appropriately what in turn results from the difficulty of the concept of quality itself. Building and using quality models is an approach to handle the complexity of software quality. A novel kind of quality models uses the activities performed on and with the software as an explicit dimension. These quality models are a well-suited basis for managing quality requirements from elicitation over refinement to assurance. The paper proposes such an approach and shows its applicability in an automotive case study.
description: 6 pages in Proceedings of the 6th international workshop on Software quality (WoSQ '08). ACM, 2008
Casimir switch: steering optical transparency with vacuum forces
Creators: name: Liu, X. -f.
name: Li, Yong
name: Jing, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Casimir force, originating from vacuum zero-point energy, is one of the most intriguing purely quantum effects. It has attracted renewed interests in current field of nanomechanics, due to the rapid size decrease of on-chip devices. Here we study the optomechanically-induced transparency (OMIT) with a tunable Casimir force. We find that the optical output rate can be significantly altered by the vacuum force, even terminated and then restored, indicating a highly-controlled optical switch. Our result addresses the possibility of designing exotic optical nano-devices by harnessing the power of vacuum.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
The Wilson-Racah Quantum System
Creators: name: Alhaidari, A. D.
name: Taiwo, T. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a recent formulation of quantum mechanics without potential function, we present a four-parameter system associated with the Wilson and Racah polynomials. The continuum scattering states are written in terms of the Wilson polynomials whose asymptotics gives the scattering amplitude and phase shift. On the other hand, the finite number of discrete bound states are associated with the Racah polynomials. We are honored to dedicate this work to Prof. Hashim A. Yamani on the occasion of his 70th birthday.
description: 9 pages, three colored figures
Signatures of Many-Body Localization in a Controlled Open Quantum System
Creators: name: Lüschen, Henrik P.
name: Bordia, Pranjal
name: Hodgman, Sean S.
name: Schreiber, Michael
name: Sarkar, Saubhik
name: Daley, Andrew J.
name: Fischer, Mark H.
name: Altman, Ehud
name: Bloch, Immanuel
name: Schneider, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the presence of disorder, an interacting closed quantum system can undergo many-body localization (MBL) and fail to thermalize. However, over long times even weak couplings to any thermal environment will necessarily thermalize the system and erase all signatures of MBL. This presents a challenge for experimental investigations of MBL, since no realistic system can ever be fully closed. In this work, we experimentally explore the thermalization dynamics of a localized system in the presence of controlled dissipation. Specifically, we find that photon scattering results in a stretched exponential decay of an initial density pattern with a rate that depends linearly on the scattering rate. We find that the resulting susceptibility increases significantly close to the phase transition point. In this regime, which is inaccessible to current numerical studies, we also find a strong dependence on interactions. Our work provides a basis for systematic studies of MBL in open systems and opens a route towards extrapolation of closed system properties from experiments.
description: 5+7 pages, 9 figures
MPEC 2023-F112 : 2023 FD3
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 FD3

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
A Tilted Dark Halo Origin of the Galactic Disk Warp and Flare
Creators: name: Han, Jiwon Jesse
name: Conroy, Charlie
name: Hernquist, Lars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The outer disk of the Milky Way Galaxy is warped and flared. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain these phenomena, but none have quantitatively reproduced both features. Recent work has demonstrated that the Galactic stellar halo is tilted with respect to the disk plane, suggesting that at least some component of the dark matter halo may also be tilted. Here we show that a dark halo tilted in the same direction as the stellar halo can induce a warp and flare in the Galactic disk at the same amplitude and orientation as the data. In our model the warp is visible in both the gas and stars of all ages, which is consistent with the breadth of observational tracers of the warp. These results, in combination with data in the stellar halo, provide compelling evidence that our Galaxy is embedded in a tilted dark matter halo. This misalignment of the dark halo and the disk holds clue to the formation history of the Galaxy, and represents the next step in the dynamical modeling of the Galactic potential.
description: Published in Nature Astronomy 14 September 2023
On Some Expansion Theorems Involving Confluent Hypergeometric $_{2}F_{2}(x)$ Polynomial
Creators: name: Vyas, Yashoverdhan
name: Fatawat, Kalpana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 33C15, 33C20

description: Recently, Rathie and Kılıçman (2014) employed Kummer-type transformation for $_{2}F_{2}(a, d+1; b, d; x)$ to develop certain classes of expansions theorems for $_{2}F_{2}(x)$ hypergeometric polynomial. Our aim is to deduce Kummer-type transformation for $_{2}F_{2}(a, d+2; b, d; x)$ and utilize it to develop some new expansion theorems for the confluent hypergeometric $_{2}F_{2}(x)$ polynomial. We also obtain a well-known result given by Kim et al. (Integral Transforms Spec. Funct. 23(6); 435-444, 2012) and many other new results as particular cases of our theorems.
description: 10 pages
Spatial nonlinearity in anisotropic metamaterial plasmonic slot waveguides
Creators: name: Elsawy, Mahmoud M. R.
name: Renversez, Gilles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the main nonlinear solutions of plasmonic slot waveguides made from an anisotropic metamaterial core with a positive Kerr-type nonlinearity surrounded by two semi-infinite metal regions. First, we demonstrate that for a highly anisotropic diagonal elliptical core, the bifurcation threshold of the asymmetric mode is reduced from GW/m threshold for the isotropic case to 50 MW/m one indicating a strong enhancement of the spatial nonlinear effects, and that the slope of the dispersion curve of the asymmetric mode stays positive, at least near the bifurcation, suggesting a stable mode. Second, we show that for the hyperbolic case there is no physically meaningful asymmetric mode, and that the sign of the effective nonlinearity can become negative.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, submitted
Anatomy of the internal bow shocks in the IRAS 04166+2706 protostellar jet
Creators: name: Tafalla, M.
name: Su, Y. -N.
name: Shang, H.
name: Johnstone, D.
name: Zhang, Q.
name: Santiago-Garcia, J.
name: Lee, C. -F.
name: Hirano, N.
name: Wang, L. -Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: $Aims.$ We study the relation between the jet and the outflow in the IRAS 04166+2706 protostar. This Taurus protostar drives a molecular jet that contains multiple emission peaks symmetrically located from the central source. The protostar also drives a wide-angle outflow consisting of two conical shells. $Methods.$ We have used the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) interferometer to observe two fields along the IRAS 04166+2706 jet. The fields were centered on a pair of emission peaks that correspond to the same ejection event, and were observed in CO(2-1), SiO(5-4), and SO(65-54). $ Results.$ Both ALMA fields present spatial distributions that are approximately elliptical and have their minor axes aligned with the jet direction. As the velocity increases, the emission in each field moves gradually across the elliptical region. This systematic pattern indicates that the emitting gas in each field lies in a disk-like structure that is perpendicular to the jet axis and is expanding away from the jet. A small degree of curvature in the first-moment maps indicates that the disks are slightly curved in the manner expected for bow shocks moving away from the IRAS source. A simple geometrical model confirms that this scenario fits the main emission features. $Conclusions.$ The emission peaks in the IRAS 04166+2706 jet likely represent internal bow shocks where material is being ejected laterally away from the jet axis. While the linear momentum of the ejected gas is dominated by the component in the jet direction, the sideways component is not negligible, and can potentially affect the distribution of gas in the surrounding outflow and core.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
On Functionally Commutative Quantum Systems
Creators: name: Kamizawa, Takeo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, a method to solve functionally commutative time- dependent linear homogeneous differential equation is discussed. We apply this technique to solve some dynamical quantum problems.
The survey operation software system development for Prime Focus Spectrograph (PFS) on Subaru Telescope
Creators: name: Shimono, Atsushi
name: Tamura, Naoyuki
name: Takato, Naruhisa
name: Yasuda, Naoki
name: Suzuki, Nao
name: Loomis, Craig P.
name: Lupton, Robert H.
name: Moritani, Yuki
name: Yabe, Kiyoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Prime Focus Spectrograph (PFS) is a wide-field, multi-object spectrograph accommodating 2394 fibers to observe the sky at the prime focus of the Subaru telescope. The software system to operate a spectroscopic survey is structured by the four packages: Instrument control software, exposure targeting software, data reduction pipeline, and survey planning and tracking software. In addition, we operate a database system where various information such as properties of target objects, instrument configurations, and observation conditions is stored and is organized via a standardized data model for future references to update survey plans and to scientific researches. In this article, we present an overview of the software system and describe the workflows that need to be performed in the PFS operation, with some highlights on the database that organizes various information from sub-processes in the survey operation, and on the process of fiber configuration from the software perspectives.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures; SPIE (2016) 9913-88
3C 279 in Outburst in June 2015: A Broadband-SED Study Based on the INTEGRAL Detection
Creators: name: Bottacini, Eugenio
name: Boettcher, Markus
name: Pian, Elena
name: Collmar, Werner
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Blazars radiate from radio through gamma-ray frequencies thereby being ideal targets for multifrequency studies. Such studies allow constraining the properties of the emitting jet. 3C 279 is among the most notable blazars and therefore subject to extensive multifrequency campaigns. We report the results of a campaign ranging from near-IR to gamma-ray energies of an outburst of 3C 279 in June 2015. The overall spectral energy distribution from near-IR to gamma rays can be well represented by either a leptonic or a lepto-hadronic radiation transfer model. Even though the data are equally well represented by the two models, their inferred parameters challenge the physical conditions in the jet. In fact, the leptonic model requires parameters with a magnetic field far below equipartition with the relativistic particle energy density. On the contrary, equipartition may be achieved with the lepto-hadronic model, which however implies an extreme total jet power close to Eddington luminosity.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Motion-corrected Fourier ptychography
Creators: name: Bian, Liheng
name: Zheng, Guoan
name: Guo, Kaikai
name: Suo, Jinli
name: Yang, Changhuei
name: Chen, Feng
name: Dai, Qionghai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fourier ptychography (FP) is a recently proposed computational imaging technique for high space-bandwidth product imaging. In real setups such as endoscope and transmission electron microscope, the common sample motion largely degrades the FP reconstruction and limits its practicability. In this paper, we propose a novel FP reconstruction method to efficiently correct for unknown sample motion. Specifically, we adaptively update the sample's Fourier spectrum from low spatial-frequency regions towards high spatial-frequency ones, with an additional motion recovery and phase-offset compensation procedure for each sub-spectrum. Benefiting from the phase retrieval redundancy theory, the required large overlap between adjacent sub-spectra offers an accurate guide for successful motion recovery. Experimental results on both simulated data and real captured data show that the proposed method can correct for unknown sample motion with its standard deviation being up to 10% of the field-of-view scale. We have released our source code for non-commercial use, and it may find wide applications in related FP platforms such as endoscopy and transmission electron microscopy.
The Parkinson’s Model of Management: Weak Middle Managers in Consulting Companies
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Kaushik
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Consulting, middle management, Parkinson's Model of Management

description: Consulting firms follow a management model I term as the ‘Parkinson’s Model of Management.' Parkinson’s disease is a neurological condition where the brain gradually degenerates to the extent that the sufferer loses motor control of their limbs over a protracted period. Essentially, a weak brain may control a strong body and the body becomes increasingly ineffective. The Parkinson’s Model of Management works in a similar vein where the middle management keeps control over a strong and often youthful workforce mostly through indifference. I have observed that this model is surprisingly effective as it insulates the senior management adequately from the field and empowers the middle management disproportionately. The Parkinson’s Model of Management refers to this practice by which the middle management deliberately keeps control over their subordinates through callousness about their concerns, reluctance to act decisively to remedy the situation, and general managerial ineptitude.
Generalized Differential Geometry
Creators: name: Juriaans
name: O., S.
name: Queiroz
name: C, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Generalized Functions play a central role in the understanding of differential equations containing singularities and nonlinearities. Introducing infinitesimals and infinities to deal with these obstructions leads to controversies concerning the existence, rigor and the amount of non-standard analysis needed to understand these theories. Milieus constructed over the generalized reals sidestep them all. A Riemannian manifold M embeds discretely into a generalized manifold $M^*$ on which singularities vanish and products of nonlinearities make sense. Linking this to an already existing global theory provides an algebra embedding $κ:\hat{\cal{G}}(M)\longrightarrow {\cal{C}}^{\infty}(M^*,\widetilde{\mathbb{R}}_f)$. Generalized Space-Time is constructed and its possible effects on Classical Space-Time are examined.
Revisiting the Completeness and the Luminosity Function in High-Redshift Low-Luminosity Quasar Surveys
Creators: name: Niida, Mana
name: Nagao, Tohru
name: Ikeda, Hiroyuki
name: Matsuoka, Kenta
name: Kobayashi, Masakazu A. R.
name: Toba, Yoshiki
name: Taniguchi, Yoshiaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent studies have derived quasar luminosity functions (QLFs) at various redshifts. However, the faint side of the QLF at high redshifts is still too uncertain. An accurate estimate of the survey completeness is essential to derive an accurate QLF for use in studying the luminosity-dependent density evolution of the quasar population. Here we investigate how the luminosity dependence of quasar spectra (the Baldwin effect) and the attenuation model for the inter-galactic medium (IGM) affect the completeness estimates. For this purpose, we revisit the completeness of quasar surveys specifically at $z\sim4-5$, using the COSMOS images observed with Subaru/Suprime-Cam. As the result, we find that the completeness estimates are sensitive to the luminosity dependence of the quasar spectrum and difference in the IGM attenuation models. At $z\sim4$, the number density of quasars when we adopt the latest IGM model and take the luminosity dependence of spectra into account are $(3.49\pm1.62)\times10^{-7}$ Mpc$^{-3}$ mag$^{-1}$ for $-24.09
description: 13 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Synchrotron and Smith-Purcell radiations from a charge rotating around a cylindrical grating
Creators: name: Saharian, A. A.
name: Kotanjyan, A. S.
name: Mkrtchyan, A. R.
name: Khachatryan, B. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the radiation from a charge rotating around conductors with cylindrical symmetry. First the problem is considered with a charge rotating around a conducting cylinder immersed in a homogeneous medium. The surface charge and current densities induced on the cylinder surface are evaluated. A formula is derived for the spectral-angular density of the radiation intensity. In the second part, we study the radiation for a charge rotating around a diffraction grating on a cylindrical surface with metallic strips parallel to the cylinder axis. The effect of the grating on the radiation intensity is approximated by the surface currents induced on the strips by the field of the rotating charge. The expressions are derived for the electric and magnetic fields and for the angular density of the radiation intensity on a given harmonic. We show that the interference between the synchrotron and Smith-Purcell radiations may lead to interesting features. In particular, the behavior of the radiation intensity on large harmonics can be essentially different from that for a charge rotating in the vacuum or around a solid cylinder. Unlike to these limiting cases, for the geometry of diffraction grating the radiation intensity on higher harmonics does not vanish for small angles with respect to the cylinder axis. For given characteristics of the charge, by the choice of the parameters of the diffraction grating, one can have highly directional radiation near the normal to the plane of the charge rotation. With decreasing energy, the relative contribution of the synchrotron radiation decreases and the Smith-Purcell part is dominant.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures
3D Printing Magnetophoretic Displays
Creators: name: Yan, Zeyu
name: Lee, Hsuanling
name: He, Liang
name: Peng, Huaishu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a pipeline for printing interactive and always-on magnetophoretic displays using affordable Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) 3D printers. Using our pipeline, an end-user can convert the surface of a 3D shape into a matrix of voxels. The generated model can be sent to an FDM 3D printer equipped with an additional syringe-based injector. During the printing process, an oil and iron powder-based liquid mixture is injected into each voxel cell, allowing the appearance of the once-printed object to be editable with external magnetic sources. To achieve this, we made modifications to the 3D printer hardware and the firmware. We also developed a 3D editor to prepare printable models. We demonstrate our pipeline with a variety of examples, including a printed Stanford bunny with customizable appearances, a small espresso mug that can be used as a post-it note surface, a board game figurine with a computationally updated display, and a collection of flexible wearable accessories with editable visuals.
Strong Movable Categories and Strong Movability of Topological Spaces
Creators: name: Gevorgyan, Pavel S.
name: Avakyan, T. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 54C56, 55P55

description: The paper is devoted to one of the important notions of the shape theory: that of strong movability, which was primarily introduced by K. Borsuk for metrizable compacts. A strong movability criterion is proved for topological spaces, which in particular reveals a new, categorical approach to the strong movability.
description: 9 pages
Numerical Study of Nonlinear Dispersive Wave Models with SpecTraVVave
Creators: name: Kalisch, Henrik
name: Moldabayev, Daulet
name: Verdier, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In nonlinear dispersive evolution equations, the competing effects of nonlinearity and dispersion make a number of interesting phenomena possible. In the current work, the focus is on the numerical approximation of traveling-wave solutions of such equations. We describe our efforts to write a dedicated Python code which is able to compute traveling-wave solutions of nonlinear dispersive equations of the general form \begin{equation*} u_t + [f(u)]_{x} + \mathcal{L} u_x = 0, \end{equation*} where $\mathcal{L}$ is a self-adjoint operator, and $f$ is a real-valued function with $f(0) = 0$. The SpectraVVave code uses a continuation method coupled with a spectral projection to compute approximations of steady symmetric solutions of this equation. The code is used in a number of situations to gain an understanding of traveling-wave solutions. The first case is the Whitham equation, where numerical evidence points to the conclusion that the main bifurcation branch features three distinct points of interest, namely a turning point, a point of stability inversion, and a terminal point which corresponds to a cusped wave. The second case is the so-called modified Benjamin-Ono equation where the interaction of two solitary waves is investigated. It is found that is possible for two solitary waves to interact in such a way that the smaller wave is annihilated. The third case concerns the Benjamin equation which features two competing dispersive operators. In this case, it is found that bifurcation curves of periodic traveling-wave solutions may cross and connect high up on the branch in the nonlinear regime.
Temperature dependence of the magnon spin diffusion length and magnon spin conductivity in the magnetic insulator yttrium iron garnet
Creators: name: Cornelissen, Ludo J.
name: van Wees, Bart J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematic study of the temperature dependence of diffusive magnon spin transport, using a non-local device geometry. In our measurements, we detect spin signals arising from electrical and thermal magnon generation, and we directly extract the magnon spin diffusion length $λ_m$ for temperatures from 2 to 293 K. Values of $λ_m$ obtained from electrical and thermal generation agree within the experimental error, with $λ_m=9.6\pm0.9$ $μ$m at room temperature to a minimum of $λ_m=5.5\pm0.7$ $μ$m at 30 K. Using a 2D finite element model to fit the data obtained for electrical magnon generation we extract the magnon spin conductivity $σ_m$ as a function of temperature, which is reduced from $σ_m=5.1\pm0.2\times10^5$ S/m at room temperature to $σ_m=0.7\pm0.4\times10^5$ S/m at 5 K. Finally, we observe an enhancement of the signal originating from thermally generated magnons for low temperatures, where a maximum is observed around $T=7$ K. An explanation for this low temperature enhancement is however still missing and requires additional investigations.
The interaction of atoms with LiF(001) revisited
Creators: name: Miraglia, J. E.
name: Gravielle, M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pairwise additive potentials for multielectronic atoms interacting with a LiF(001) surface are revisited by including an improved description of the electron density associated with the different lattice sites, as well as non-local electron density contributions. Within this model, the electron distribution around each ionic site of the crystal is described by means of an onion approach that accounts for the influence of the Madelung potential. From such densities, binary interatomic potentials are then derived by using well-known non-local functionals for the kinetic, exchange and correlation terms. Rumpling and long-range contributions due to projectile polarization and van der Waals forces are also included in an analogous fashion. We apply this pairwise additive approximation to evaluate the interaction potential between closed-shell - He, Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe - and open-shell - N, S, and Cl - atoms and the LiF surface, analyzing the relative importance of the different contributions. The performance of the proposed potentials is assessed by contrasting angular positions of rainbow and supernumerary rainbow maxima produced by fast grazing incidence with available experimental data. The good agreement found for normal energies in the eV- range represents a meaningful evidence of the quality of the present description.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables
Tighter Hard Instances for PPSZ
Creators: name: Pudlák, Pavel
name: Scheder, Dominik
name: Talebanfard, Navid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We construct uniquely satisfiable $k$-CNF formulas that are hard for the algorithm PPSZ. Firstly, we construct graph-instances on which "weak PPSZ" has savings of at most $(2 + ε) / k$; the saving of an algorithm on an input formula with $n$ variables is the largest $γ$ such that the algorithm succeeds (i.e. finds a satisfying assignment) with probability at least $2^{ - (1 - γ) n}$. Since PPSZ (both weak and strong) is known to have savings of at least $\frac{π^2 + o(1)}{6k}$, this is optimal up to the constant factor. In particular, for $k=3$, our upper bound is $2^{0.333\dots n}$, which is fairly close to the lower bound $2^{0.386\dots n}$ of Hertli [SIAM J. Comput.'14]. We also construct instances based on linear systems over $\mathbb{F}_2$ for which strong PPSZ has savings of at most $O\left(\frac{\log(k)}{k}\right)$. This is only a $\log(k)$ factor away from the optimal bound. Our constructions improve previous savings upper bound of $O\left(\frac{\log^2(k)}{k}\right)$ due to Chen et al. [SODA'13].