cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Excess capacity in gasoline retailing.
Creators: name: McFadyen, Stuart Malcolm
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The purpose of this study was to analyse the competitive pressures producing excess capacity in gasoline retailing and to attempt to estimate the excess capacity existing in this industry in British Columbia. Before either of these tasks could be undertaken it was necessary to decide exactly what is meant by the term "excess capacity." A study of the relevant literature led to the choice of the following definition: Excess capacity = (number of outlets existing in an industry under present competitive conditions) - (number of outlets which could be expected in the industry under conditions of active price competition). This definition of the optimum number of firms in an industry makes it possible to measure the excess amount of resources in an industry over the most efficient amount. The key to the definition is the presence of active price competition in the market under consideration. If this condition is met a number of outlets satisfying the Chamberlinian "sort of ideal" will be present in the industry when long run equilibrium is achieved. To determine whether active price competition was present in a given market, evidence (gathered by means of an interview survey) was considered on the following points: (i) The prevalence of consignment selling, (ii) The degree of uniformity of the retail price of gasoline in a given sub-market, (iii) The height of dealer margins. Supplementary evidence bearing directly on the extent of excess capacity was gathered on: (i) Rent subsidization, (ii) Direct observation of excess capacity and, (iii) Estimates by service station operators of the degree of underutilization. Sixteen operators were interviewed in two urban sub-markets and on the basis of a detailed evaluation of the above evidence six service stations were estimated to constitute excess capacity. The oligopolistic interdependence of the major oil companies which dominate gasoline retailing in urban areas prevented an extension of this proportion to all urban stations. In non-metropolitan areas of the province 39 out of 110 stations were estimated to be excess capacity. Because the influence of the major oil companies is much less in these areas this proportion can be extended to show approximately 740 stations to be excess capacity out of the 2107 stations in these areas.
Prospects on the ICRP Paradigm for Radiological Protection
Creators: name: González, Abel Julio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: ICRP Paradigm

description: The ICRP radiation protection is exceptional in its comprehensiveness and is internationally recognized; it ought to be preserved and tinkering with its basis should be avoided. Nonetheless, it needs to be refreshed to reflect inter alia novel scientific consensus on the epistemology of radiation effects and fresh societal demands on protection. Such updating would also allow echoing the many lessons on the application of ICRP recommendations, which were learned and reported in recent years. The paper presents an analysis of professional and societal expectations on the future ICRP recommendations, including the following: The ethical foundations of the paradigm are scrutinized, as recent ICRP recommendations reflect the values on the paradigm but not necessarily its ethical basis; the need for incorporating the ethics of arête and the consequent principle about future and habitat are developed, reflecting changes incorporated in the radiation safety fundamentals established by international intergovernmental organizations. The implications for the paradigm of the recent UNSCEAR estimates on attribution of radiation health effects vis-à-vis inference of radiation risk are analysed. The repercussions of the recent changes on quantities are examined and the needs of further changes are studied; the differentiation between the paradigm uses of intensive versus extensive quantities will be described. The usually misunderstood LNT ‘model’ will be dissected, describing its need for practical radiation protection, particularly in the occupational exposure domain. The conundrum presented by various circumstances of protection against natural radiation exposure situations versus the traditional approaches of protection in ‘practices’ will be presented and potential solutions will be discussed. The current concept of ‘dose limit’ and its contradictory connotations will be discussed and potential clarifications will be suggested. The concept of ‘existing’ exposure situation will be argued vis-à-vis the concept of ‘extant’ exposure situation. The practical application of the paradigm in emergency exposure situations will be revisited. The need for specific recommendations on the application of ICRP recommendations on the scope of radiological protection will be considered. Legally binding obligations undertaken on occupational safety will be refreshed and their implications for the paradigm discussed. The issue of protection of patients will be revisited taking into account new developments in radiodiagnosis and radiotherapy. New demands for social licensing of human endeavours involving radiation exposure will be explored. It is expected that the paper will be helpful for the ICRP in developing its future recommendations.
description: License: Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial No Derivatives 2.5 Generic Grants: I would like to leave it blank.
Sources of inventive activity and the IPR - system : an empirical analysis of a changing relationship in a small open economy (Norway)
Creators: name: Iversen, EJ
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: This thesis examines and analyzes changing patterns of IPR use (particularly patenting) in the specific context of a national system of innovation (Norway). Norway has, like many other OECD countries, seen a significant expansion of IPR usage during the past two decades. The increase in patenting in particular is a defining feature of the contemporary innovation landscape, as are related policy efforts to promote wider IPR use. (e.g. among SMES, service sector, academic research) This has led to a shift in the variety of actors who patent and to an increase in overall patent applications. In turn the rationale for patenting is also evolving. Several factors are thus contributing to a shift in how patents are used, by whom and why. This change has potentially important implications for the innovation system and the wider economy: it can affect the orientation of knowledge accumulation over time; it can condition the way new knowledge is utilized; and, thereby, it can influence pathways for industrial development. However, several challenges have impeded comprehensive analysis of who uses IPR over time and why. The contribution of the thesis to the theoretical and empirical understanding of IPR-use is structured in six stand-alone chapters. The first applies a systems-approach to examine the role IPRs play in the wider innovation system. This analysis links the role and position of the patent system particularly to underlying industrial dynamics and points to changing areas of use, e.g. to promote collaboration. A set of empirically-oriented articles follows and expands on themes introduced here. The empirical chapters all use new or adapted empirical approaches to examine aspects of IPR use that are important both to theoretical discourse and to current innovation policy. The first examines diversification of innovation activity in Norway using unique firm-level IPR data. (1994-2003) IPR growth is found to be driven more by smaller firms‚ÄövÑvÆespecially in knowledge intensive services‚ÄövÑvÆthan traditional IPR-holders (large manufacturers). Two chapters then focus on SME patenting, at home‚ÄövÑvÆin the lead up to the IT bubble, and in Europe‚ÄövÑvÆin the lead up to Norwegian membership in the EPC. A co-authored article then examines academic patenting, which recent legislation was introduced to promote. It shows that public sector researchers played a substantial but field-dependent role in patenting before legislation. The final chapter rounds off by examining patent-based collaboration, where patenting increases rather than decreases the odds of research collaboration. The thesis revisits the role patents play in knowledge formation in light of current changes and concerns. It synthesizes new empirical analysis on changes in who patents and why, with a focus on small (service) firms, academic researchers, and collaboration.
Learning-by-making: design-build studios at the School of Architecture at the University of Tasmania
Creators: name: Wallis, Louise
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: By examining the Learning-by-Making (LBM) studios at the School of Architecture, University of Tasmania (SA UTas) the educational benefits to students of LBM are identified. LBM studios allow student groups of twenty or more to collaboratively design and build a small timber project. These types of studios have developed as a regular part of the School curriculum since 1994. In doing this study, detailed information was generated on student learning experiences and their perceptions of LBM, as previously only anecdotal evidence from lecturers in LBM and similar studios was available. The Literature Review identifies the origins of LBM studios in architectural education and its contentious relationship with higher education, the background of LBM studios in Tasmania and other similar models in North America (commonly referred to as Design/Build studios) and Australia. A surprising revelation was the absence of research examining this pedagogical model. Consequently, several methods used to evaluate education curricula were reviewed for their suitability. The Illuminative Model (a qualitative research method, using observation, questionnaire and interviews) was selected, as it provided an appropriate strategy to investigate the LBM model. It allowed the scope of the study to be progressively refined in response to new knowledge, as preliminary data was reviewed, informing the development of subsequent stages. The findings indicate that an 'average' student participating in a LBM studio, spent half of their time engaged in high-level problem solving and cognitive activities, even though LBM studios require a lot of time to be spent on repetitive motor tasks. At the same time, students' learning experiences varied and this was a consequence of the teamwork structure and students' own willingness to experiment with ideas or construction. Despite students' varying learning experiences, the majority recognised the advantages of integrating design and construction concepts (an underlying principle of LBM studios). This study contributes to the methodological discourse of evaluating architectural education and identifies a number of Schools of Architecture that employ the LBM model, thus presenting further research opportunities. This study has only begun to identify and understand the potential benefits of LBM studios for architecture students. However, importantly, it has established that students' perceptions of design and architecture alter, as they begin to appreciate the critical role that construction plays in the process of executing their ideas beyond imagining, into a built form.
Searches for TeV-scale particles at the LHC using jet shapes
Creators: name: Chekanov, S.
name: Proudfoot, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New particles at the TeV scale can decay hadronically with strongly collimated jets, thus the standard reconstruction methods based on invariant-masses of well-separated jets can fail. We discuss how to identify such particles in pp collisions at the LHC using jet shapes which help to reduce the contribution of QCD-induced events. We focus on a rather generic example X to ttbar to hadrons, with X being a heavy particle, but the approach is well suited for reconstruction of other decay channels characterized by a cascade decay of known states.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 3 of CK2 alpha prime and alpha-synuclein pathogenic functional interaction mediates synaptic dysregulation in huntington’s disease
Creators: name: Yu, Dahyun
name: Zarate, Nicole
name: White, Angel
name: Coates, De’jah
name: Tsai, Wei
name: Nanclares, Carmen
name: Cuccu, Francesco
name: Yue, Johnny S.
name: Brown, Taylor G.
name: Mansky, Rachel H.
name: Jiang, Kevin
name: Kim, Hyuck
name: Nichols-Meade, Tessa
name: Larson, Sarah N.
name: Gundry, Katherine
name: Zhang, Ying
name: Tomas-Zapico, Cristina
name: Lucas, Jose J.
name: Benneyworth, Michael
name: Öz, Gülin
name: Cvetanovic, Marija
name: Araque, Alfonso
name: Gomez-Pastor, Rocio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3. Genetic deletion of CK2α’ does not ameliorate anxiety-like behaviors or locomotor asymmetry of zQ175 HD at 12 months of age. a-e, Gross motor performance, exploratory behavior, and anxiety-like behavior were assessed during 30 mins in an open field test. a, distance traveled, b, time spent at the center of the field, c, average locomotion velocity and d, time in the outer/inner zone of the field between zQ175 and zQ175:CK2α’ (+/-). e, Representative tracing images show the total distance traveled by the subject. f, Parameters of the spontaneous motor activity (number of rears) evaluated by a cylinder test. Error bars denote mean ± SEM, values were analyzed by two-way ANOVA with Sidak’s post-hoc test. n.s = not significant.
A MOBILE, MODULAR,AND SELF-RECONFIGURABLE ROBOTIC SYSTEM WITH MORPHABILITY, and self-reconfigurable robotic system with morphability
Creators: name: Vu, Lu Anh Tu
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 400701
subject: Assistive robots and technology
classificationCode: 460205
subject: Intelligent robotics
classificationCode: 400708
subject: Mechatronics hardware design and architecture
classificationCode: 401799
subject: Mechanical engineering not elsewhere classified

description: This paper aims to gain a deep understanding of up-to-date research and development on modular self-reconfigurable robots (MSRs) through a thorough survey of market demands and published works on design methodologies, system integration, advanced controls, and new applications. Some limitations of existing mobile MSR are discussed from the reconfigurability perspective of mechanical structures, and a novel MSR system is proposed to address the identified limitations of existing MSRs. The comprehensive set of Functional Requirements (FRs) of MSRs is discussed, from which the mechanical designs of MSR were created, and the system was prototyped and built for testing. Three main innovations of the designed modules for MSR are to (1) share torque power, (2) customize the size for a given task, and (3) have a low number of actuated motors while still maintain a motion with high Degrees of Freedom (DoF) to overcome the constraints by the power capacities of individual motors; this helps to increase reconfigurability, reduce cost, and reduce the size of conventional MSRs.
A gracious exit from the matter-dominated phase in a quantum cosmic phantom model
Creators: name: Gonzalez-Diaz, Pedro F.
name: Rozas-Fernandez, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The most recent observational constraints coming from Planck, when combined with other cosmological data, provide evidence for a phantom scenario. In this work we consider a quantum cosmic phantom model where both the matter particles and scalar field are associated with quantum potentials which make the effective mass associated with the matter particles to vanish at the time of matter-radiation equality, resulting in a cosmic system where a matter dominance phase followed by an accelerating expansion is allowed.
description: 7 pages, no figures. Changes in the introduction and main body of the article. Added references
title: Superconductivity
title: textbook
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Zelikman, M.
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2019
Subjects: Ð¡Ð²ÐµÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑÑ
superconductivity
history
facts
theories
perspectives
ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ¸ Ð¸ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð²ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²

description: This textbook is based on a course of lectures on "Superconductivity," that the author delivered over the years for senior students of the Institute of Physics, Nanotechnology and Telecommunications (IPNIT) in Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University.
The increased interest in the physics of superconductivity in recent years is due to the discovery in 1986 high-temperature superconductors, which on one hand made it possible for cooling of the superconducting transition to forgo expensive liquid helium but replace it with cheap liquid nitrogen, while on the other hand, raised hopes of observing superconductivity at room temperature. Experimental and theoretical studies of the physics of superconductivity have not only laid the foundation for creating superconductors with necessary technical properties but also have led to a better understanding of different branches of physics. These studies highlighted a number of phenomena, not directly associated with a loss of resistance, such as Meissner and Josephson effects, Shapiro steps, magnetic flux quantization, macroscopic coherence of wave functions, etc. They have given rise to new physical images and concepts: Cooper pairs, Abrikosov vortices, intermediate state, Shubnikov phase âjust to name a few.
When creating this course the author has aimed to introduce future physicists to these original ideas and images that have enriched not only solid state physics, but all branches of fundamental physics. All measurements are presented using the International System of Units (SI). In some graphs, taken from the original works, there are also the units used in electromagnetism CGS, in particular Gauss and Oersted. Their conversion to the SI is based on the ratio of 1G =10-4 T; 1 Oe=80A / m. It should be borne in mind that most of the formulas in the CGS system have a different appearance.
Using the Technology Acceptance Model to Identify Factors That Predict Likelihood to Adopt Tele-Neurorehabilitation
Creators: name: Klaic, Marlena
name: MP Galea
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: © Copyright © 2020 Klaic and Galea. Tele-neurorehabilitation has the potential to reduce accessibility barriers and enhance patient outcomes through a more seamless continuum of care. A growing number of studies have found that tele-neurorehabilitation produces equivalent results to usual care for a variety of outcomes including activities of daily living and health related quality of life. Despite the potential of tele-neurorehabilitation, this model of care has failed to achieve mainstream adoption. Little is known about feasibility and acceptability of tele-neurorehabilitation and most published studies do not use a validated model to guide and evaluate implementation. The technology acceptance model (TAM) was developed 20 years ago and is one of the most widely used theoretical frameworks for predicting an individual's likelihood to adopt and use new technology. The TAM3 further built on the original model by incorporating additional elements from human decision making such as computer anxiety. In this perspective, we utilize the TAM3 to systematically map the findings from existing published studies, in order to explore the determinants of adoption of tele-neurorehabilitation by both stroke survivors and prescribing clinicians. We present evidence suggesting that computer self-efficacy and computer anxiety are significant predictors of an individual's likelihood to use tele-neurorehabilitation. Understanding what factors support or hinder uptake of tele-neurorehabilitation can assist in translatability and sustainable adoption of this technology. If we are to shift tele-neurorehabilitation from the research domain to become a mainstream health sector activity, key stakeholders must address the barriers that have consistently hindered adoption.
Efimov Physics in 6Li Atoms
Creators: name: Braaten, Eric
name: Hammer, H. -W.
name: Kang, Daekyoung
name: Platter, Lucas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new narrow 3-atom loss resonance associated with an Efimov trimer crossing the 3-atom threshold has recently been discovered in a many-body system of ultracold 6Li atoms in the three lowest hyperfine spin states at a magnetic field near 895 G. O'Hara and coworkers have used measurements of the 3-body recombination rate in this region to determine the complex 3-body parameter associated with Efimov physics. Using this parameter as the input, we calculate the universal predictions for the spectrum of Efimov states and for the 3-body recombination rate in the universal region above 600 G where all three scattering lengths are large. We predict an atom-dimer loss resonance at (672 +/- 2) G associated with an Efimov trimer disappearing through an atom-dimer threshold. We also predict an interference minimum in the 3-body recombination rate at (759 +/- 1) G where the 3-spin mixture may be sufficiently stable to allow experimental study of the many-body system.
description: 27 pages, 9 figures, REVTeX4, published version
A comparison of the practice of rural and urban paramedics : bridging the gap between education, training and practice
Creators: name: Mulholland, Peter
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: This thesis compares rural and urban paramedic practice within two states in Australia to establish whether rural paramedics have distinct roles necessitating specifically directed education and training. Other Australian health professions specialize in rural practice, with education and training to suit however there have been few studies comparing the roles of rural paramedics with urban paramedics in Australia. The topic is particularly significant given suggestions of a mismatch between paramedic education, training, and practice. This study contributes to the foundations needed to establish relevant education and training for rural paramedics in Australia by providing a comparison of rural and urban paramedic practice. A comparative case study strategy was used, and multiple sources of data were collected. These included semi-structured interviews with intensive care paramedics across two states in Australia; an audit of case dispatch data; review of documentation, including job descriptions, ambulance service and union websites, archival information, local media, and universities; and observation of paramedics within their local environment looking at key processes and events. The use of multiple data sources allowed triangulation of data with consequent reduction of research bias. The major finding of this study was the presence of clear differences between rural and urban paramedic practice. Rural paramedics: 1. practice a community response rather than a case dispatch response, 2. are multidisciplinary team members rather than solely ambulance team members, 3. are educators and managers of volunteers rather than clinical supervisors and, 4. are isolated health workers rather than having access to full resources. Two main similarities were noted, and these were a strong concern for progress in continuing professional development, and dispatch of similar types of cases in both rural and urban areas. The comparison of results suggests that there is a need in Australia for paramedic education and training with specific rural components. Rural clinical placements, along with community based and multidisciplinary components could form an integral part of this education and training process. Future directions for continuing professional development require input from paramedics themselves. Further research concerning the three tiers of undergraduate education, postgraduate education, and continuing professional development will ensure education and training for the rural paramedic in Australia avoids the risk of a mismatch between training, education and practice.
Boundary Term in Metric f(R) Gravity: Field Equations in the Metric Formalism
Creators: name: Guarnizo, Alejandro
name: Castaneda, Leonardo
name: Tejeiro, Juan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The main goal of this paper is to get in a straightforward form the field equations in metric f(R) gravity, using elementary variational principles and adding a boundary term in the action, instead of the usual treatment in an equivalent scalar-tensor approach. We start with a brief review of the Einstein-Hilbert action, together with the Gibbons-York-Hawking boundary term, which is mentioned in some literature, but is generally missing. Next we present in detail the field equations in metric f(R) gravity, including the discussion about boundaries, and we compare with the Gibbons-York-Hawking term in General Relativity. We notice that this boundary term is necessary in order to have a well defined extremal action principle under metric variation.
description: 12 pages, title changes by referee recommendation. Accepted for publication in General Relativity and Gravitation. Matches with the accepted version
Optomechanics of a Quantum-Degenerate Fermi Gas
Creators: name: Kanamoto, R.
name: Meystre, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore theoretically the optomechanical interaction between a light field and a mechanical mode of ultracold fermionic atoms inside a Fabry-Pérot cavity. The low-lying phonon mode of the fermionic ensemble is a collective density oscillation associated with particle-hole excitations, and is mathematically analogous to the momentum side-mode excitations of a bosonic condensate. The mechanical motion of the fermionic particle-hole system behaves hence as a ``moving mirror.'' We derive an effective system Hamiltonian that has the form of generic optomechanical systems. We also discuss the experimental consequences the optomechanical coupling in optical bistability and in the noise spectrum of the system.
Studies on the biology of environmentally persistent Listeria monocytogenes strains
Creators: name: Nilsson, RE
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Listeria monocytogenes is a saprophytic bacterium capable of causing serious foodborne human disease. Persistent contamination by L. monocytogenes represents a threat to public health and has serious economic implications for the contaminated facility. Actions taken to minimise contamination of the factory environment/food products are expected to cause physiological stress to L. monocytogenes, and it has been shown that the ability to resist stress, and therefore persist within an environment, can augment L. monocytogenes virulence. In this dissertation, the hypothesis that physiological adjustment by L. monocytogenes facilitates persistent food factory contamination, and that some strains are better able to implement this shift than others, is assessed. Isolates recovered from a food factory were characterised using multilocus sequence typing, and attributes of this group thought to enable persistent environmental contamination were compared. These included biofilm production and the mechanisms affording alkaline stress adaptation. Biofilm production by L. monocytogenes strains isolated from multiple environments, including a food processing factory and environmentally persistent/sporadic factory isolates, due to temperature and pH stress was assessed using a colourimetric assay and scanning electron microscopy. A temperature-specific biofilm production response was observed as was environmentally induced homogeneous biofilm production by non-clonal L. monocytogenes strains recovered from the same environment. Observations provided evidence for distinct, inducible biofilm production. Importantly, it was concluded that biofilm production alone does not determine the persistent L. monocytogenes phenotype. To investigate if stress adaptation contributes to persistent factory contamination, protein expression by alkaline adapted persistent and sporadic factory contaminants was compared using high resolution proteomics. Additionally, a well characterised L. monocytogenes strain was studied at pH 9.0, with emphasis on the role of cell membrane proteins. Qualitative and relative protein abundances were compared through functional ontology and determination of spectral abundances. Findings suggested alkaline adaptation involves cytoplasmic acidification by surrogate proton sources, an energy metabolism shift, stabilisation of cellular processes and cell wall modification. This was most pronounced in exponential phase. Although more pronounced in persistent strains, no difference in the mechanisms supporting alkaline tolerance was evident between strains. The results of this dissertation support the notion that exposure to environmental stresses within food facilities can induce or select the persistent L. monocytogenes phenotype. This may be caused by the complexity of operations within these facilities, leading to concentration fluxes of cleansing/sanitising agents and other growth limiting challenges, subjecting the strains to varying forms of sublethal stress.
Additional file 1 of Deep learning-based prediction of osseointegration for dental implant using plain radiography
Creators: name: Oh, Seok
name: Kim, Young Jae
name: Kim, Jeseong
name: Jung, Joon Hyeok
name: Lim, Hun Jun
name: Kim, Bong Chul
name: Kim, Kwang Gi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified

description: Supplementary Material 1
Effect of topology on dynamics of knots in polymers under tension
Creators: name: Matthews, R.
name: Louis, A. A.
name: Yeomans, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use computer simulations to compare the dynamical behaviour of torus and even-twist knots in polymers under tension. The knots diffuse through a mechanism similar to reptation. Their friction coefficients grow linearly with average knot length for both knot types. For similar complexity, however, the torus knots diffuse faster than the even twist knots. The knot-length auto-correlation function exhibits a slow relaxation time that can be linked to a breathing mode. Its timescale depends on knot type, being typically longer for torus than for even-twist knots. These differences in dynamical behaviour are interpreted in terms of topological features of the knots.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures
Authority and obedience in Bernhard Schlink's Der Vorleser and Die Heimkehr
Creators: name: Assmann, M
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: In presenting the crimes of SS-guards through the medium of an illiterate woman, Schlink's novel Der Vorleser (1995) attracted a mainly stern critical response. The much-criticised one-sided portrayal of destructive obedience seems to be addressed by his next novel Die Heimkehr (2006), where submission to malevolent authority is transferred to an intellectual platform set in America in the years following World War II. Although Schlink maintains he did not intend Die Heimkehr as a sequel to Der Vorleser, there are several thematic aspects linking the two novels. Both have a male German narrator, who was born around the end of World War II and has close links with a former Nazi collaborator. At the centre of both novels is Schlink's portrayal of the nature of obedience to authority, uncovering the reality of man's divided nature that consists in both good and evil. Destructive obedience is portrayed in both novels rather one-sidedly, either as a problem of a lack of education, or as a discussion on an intellectual level. It therefore seems justified to read Der Vorleser and Die Heimkehr in chronological order to arrive at a more realistic picture of obedience to authority. In Die Heimkehr, Schlink's authority figure is an American University professor who uses Stanley Milgram's (1960's) study series of obedience to authority for his own questionable purposes. Schlink therefore provides within the plot itself a theoretical approach to analyse this novel. The examination of Schlink's portrayal of authority and obedience reveals that Der Vorleser and Die Heimkehr when read as independent works, do not address the universal dilemma of submission to malevolent authority. However, an analysis of Schlink's earlier novel Der Vorleser, based on Milgram's theories, uncovers surprising parallels with Die Heimkehr even though, as Schlink has stated, the novels are not connected. This dissertation draws upon Milgram's study to uncover and examine the relationship between authority and obedience in Schlink's novels to show how atrocities come about. The study provides a paradigm for analysing the protagonists of Der Vorleser and Die Heimkehr based on Milgram's obedience study, which, as yet, has not been consulted for an analysis of Schlink's novels. Read in sequence however, using Milgram's theories, Der Vorleser and Die Heimkehr can be shown to complement each other and confirm that Schlink views obedience to destructive authority as a permanent and universal problem.
title: Συστήματα αποθήκευσης σε αυτόνομα κτίρια μηδενικής ενεργειακής κατανάλωσης
title: Energy storage systems in autonomous zero energy buildings
Creators: name: Λυγερακης Φιλιππος
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2020

description: Τα κτίρια Μηδενικής Ενεργειακής Κατανάλωσης (ΜΕΚ) είναι πλέον ευρέως γνωστά και χρησιμοποιούνται παγκοσμίως σε μεγάλο βαθμό με σκοπό την εξοικονόμηση ενέργειας και πόρων. Ωστόσο πολλές περιοχές σε τοπικό αλλά και αρκετές χώρες σε εθνικό επίπεδο πασχίζουν από την έλλειψη δικτύου παροχής ηλεκτρικού ρεύματος, δημιουργώντας την ανάγκη εφαρμογής κατάλληλων μέτρων στα κτίρια ΜΕΚ για την προσθήκη του χαρακτηριστικού της αυτονομίας. Όταν ένα κτίριο ΜΕΚ είναι αυτόνομο παράγει και αποθηκεύει την ενέργεια που απαιτεί για την εξυπηρέτηση των αναγκών του, χωρίς την ανάγκη του δικτύου ηλεκτρικού ρεύματος. Έτσι στην παρούσα μελέτη εξετάζονται τα συστήματα αποθήκευσης ενέργειας με μπαταρία μόλυβδου-οξέος,  μπαταρία λιθίου, μπαταρία ροής βαναδίου, με σφονδύλους, συμπιεσμένου αέρα, βαρυτικής επιτάχυνσης, αντλιοταμίευσης και υδρογόνου, σε κτίριο MEK αστικού ιστού, με αυτονομία τριών ημερών και με στόχο την διεξαγωγή συμπερασμάτων για την καταλληλόλητα ή όχι των υπό εξέταση αποθηκευτικών συστημάτων.
description: Zero Energy Buildings (ZEB) are widely known nowadays and are being used in a large scale worldwide in order to conserve both energy and resources. Although, many regions in local and many countries in national level are struggling from the lack of electrical grid, creating the need of adding extra features on ZEBs in order to give them the characteristic of autonomy. When a ZEB is autonomous, it produces and stores the energy it demands to cover its needs, without relying on the grid. So, in this study the energy storage systems that are being examined are lead-acid batteries, lithium batteries, vanadium flow batteries, compressed air system, gravitricity system, hydro pumped system and hydrogen fuel cell system, in a residential ZEB with three days autonomy, in order to produce conclusions about the appropriateness or not of the energy storage systems that are up for consideration.
Hadron Production in Ultra-relativistic Nuclear Collisions: Quarkyonic Matter and a Triple Point in the Phase Diagram of QCD
Creators: name: Andronic, A.
name: Blaschke, D.
name: Braun-Munzinger, P.
name: Cleymans, J.
name: Fukushima, K.
name: McLerran, L. D.
name: Oeschler, H.
name: Pisarski, R. D.
name: Redlich, K.
name: Sasaki, C.
name: Satz, H.
name: Stachel, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that features of hadron production in relativistic nuclear collisions, mainly at CERN-SPS energies, may be explained by the existence of three forms of matter: Hadronic Matter, Quarkyonic Matter, and a Quark-Gluon Plasma. We suggest that these meet at a triple point in the QCD phase diagram. Some of the features explained, both qualitatively and semi-quantitatively, include the curve for the decoupling of chemical equilibrium, along with the non-monotonic behavior of strange particle multiplicity ratios at center of mass energies near 10 GeV. If the transition(s) between the three phases are merely crossover(s), the triple point is only approximate.
description: 28 pages, 9 figures; submitted to Nucl. Phys. A; v2 to eliminate obsolete figs. inadvertently attached at the end of the paper; v3: final version accepted for publication
Compact Labelings For Efficient First-Order Model-Checking
Creators: name: Courcelle, Bruno
name: Gavoille, Cyril
name: Kanté, Mamadou Moustapha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.0; G.2.2
subject: 68R05, 68R10, 05C78, 05C85

description: We consider graph properties that can be checked from labels, i.e., bit sequences, of logarithmic length attached to vertices. We prove that there exists such a labeling for checking a first-order formula with free set variables in the graphs of every class that is \emph{nicely locally cwd-decomposable}. This notion generalizes that of a \emph{nicely locally tree-decomposable} class. The graphs of such classes can be covered by graphs of bounded \emph{clique-width} with limited overlaps. We also consider such labelings for \emph{bounded} first-order formulas on graph classes of \emph{bounded expansion}. Some of these results are extended to counting queries.
Regulation of Macrophage Glucose Metabolism by the Core Clock Protein BMAL1 and its Impact Upon the Inflammatory Response
Creators: name: Timmons, George
Publisher: name: Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 110704 Cellular Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110707 Innate Immunity

description: The daily light-dark cycles have led to the generation of 24-hour circadian rhythms in most organisms on Earth. The molecular clock integrates external light signals and generates rhythmicity in many aspects of cellular processes, physiology and behaviour, allowing the organism adapt to its environment and improve survival. Disruption to circadian rhythms worsens chronic inflammatory pathologies such as cardiovascular disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and sepsis. At the molecular level, Bmal1 is the dominant clock gene, and its deletion ablates all rhythms. Macrophages mediate the inflammatory response and deletion of myeloid Bmal1 in mice leads to a dysfunctional response and increased severity of chronic inflammatory disease. However, the mechanisms underlying these effects are unclear. Our lab previously demonstrated that Bmal1-/- macrophages have a dysfunctional antioxidant response with increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and enhanced production of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β. However, it is now understood that macrophage cellular metabolism, also drives ROS and IL-1β production. Therefore, I sought to investigate whether BMAL1 is controlling metabolism in macrophages to impact on the inflammatory response.
I demonstrate that Bmal1-/- macrophages have increased metabolic output as a result of dysregulation at distinct metabolic nodes. These macrophages display increased glucose uptake, increased glycolytic metabolism, increased metabolic flux through the Krebs cycle, and increased levels of oxidative phosphorylation. Additionally, I demonstrate that these metabolic alterations are driving increased production of ROS and IL-1β. Specifically, increased levels of pyruvate kinase M2 and phosphorylated STAT3 and increased activity of succinate dehydrogenase are leading to enhanced IL-1β. Therefore, we propose that BMAL1 is a key metabolic sensor in macrophages, and its deficiency leads to a metabolic shift of enhanced glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration, leading to a heightened pro-inflammatory state.
We have unravelled new mechanisms by which the core molecular clock gene Bmal1 is controlling metabolism to dampen the inflammatory response. This may allow us to manipulate these pathways for therapeutic intervention in a range of chronic inflammatory diseases that are sensitive to the molecular clock.
A Reproducibility Workshop Series for Biomedical Researchers
Creators: name: Deardorff, Ariel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: reproducibility
biomedical research
open science
academic libraries

description: The Library, Graduate Division, and Open Science Group at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) collaborated in the Fall of 2019 on a credit-bearing workshop series on biomedical reproducibility. The series was targeted at UCSF graduate students and researchers and designed to satisfy NIH Rigor and Reproducibility requirements. In addition to covering open data, open code, open protocols, and open access, this workshop series included sessions on designing rigorous experiments, engaging with new forms of peer review, and building a reproducible lab. The goal of this project was for subject experts to provide hands-on training that will improve research workflows, stimulate conversations about open science and research reproducibility, and build an open curriculum that can be replicated by other institutions. This talk describes this innovative workshop series and reports on pre-workshop assessments of researchers' knowledge and behaviors regarding reproducibility.
Particle Entanglement in Rotating Gases
Creators: name: Liu, Zhao
name: Fan, Heng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate the particle entanglement in 2D weakly-interacting rotating Bose and Fermi gases. We find that both particle localization and vortex localization can be indicated by particle entanglement. We also use particle entanglement to show the occurrence of edge reconstruction of rotating fermions. The different properties of condensate phase and vortex liquid phase of bosons can be reflected by particle entanglement and in vortex liquid phase we construct a trial wave function in the viewpoint of entanglement to relate the ground state with quantum Hall state. Finally, the relation between particle entanglement and interaction strength is studied.
description: 7 pages, 9 figures
On the Facets of the Secondary Polytope
Creators: name: Herrmann, Sven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52B30, 52B40, 52B11, 52B35

description: The secondary polytope of a point configuration A is a polytope whose face poset is isomorphic to the poset of all regular subdivisions of A. While the vertices of the secondary polytope - corresponding to the triangulations of A - are very well studied, there is not much known about the facets of the secondary polytope. The splits of a polytope, subdivisions with exactly two maximal faces, are the simplest examples of such facets and the first that were systematically investigated. The present paper can be seen as a continuation of these studies and as a starting point of an examination of the subdivisions corresponding to the facets of the secondary polytope in general. As a special case, the notion of k-split is introduced as a possibility to classify polytopes in accordance to the complexity of the facets of their secondary polytopes. An application to matroid subdivisions of hypersimplices and tropical geometry is given.
description: 28 pages, 18 figures
Online Supplemental Materials for Instructor Self-Disclosure Experiment.docx
Creators: name: Kromka, Stephen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: Online Supplemental Materials forThe Effects of Instructor Self-disclosure on Student Affect and Cognitive Learning:A Live Lecture Experiment
Online Supplemental Materials for Instructor Self-Disclosure Experiment.docx
Creators: name: Kromka, Stephen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: Online Supplemental Materials forThe Effects of Instructor Self-disclosure on Student Affect and Cognitive Learning:A Live Lecture Experiment
Neutron-proton asymmetry dependence of spectroscopic factors in Ar isotopes
Creators: name: Lee, Jenny
name: Tsang, M. B.
name: Bazin, D.
name: Coupland, D.
name: Henzl, V.
name: Henzlova, D.
name: Kilburn, M.
name: Lynch, W. G.
name: Rogers, A.
name: Sanetullaev, A.
name: Signoracci, A.
name: Sun, Z. Y.
name: Youngs, M.
name: Chae, K. Y.
name: Charity, R. J.
name: Cheung, H. K.
name: Famiano, M.
name: Hudan, S.
name: OMalley, P.
name: Peters, W. A.
name: Schmitt, K.
name: Shapira, D.
name: Sobotka, L. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectroscopic factors have been extracted for proton rich 34Ar and neutron rich 46Ar using the (p,d) neutron transfer reaction. The experimental results show little reduction of the ground state neutron spectroscopic factor of the proton rich nucleus 34Ar compared to that of 46Ar. The results suggest that correlations, which generally reduce such spectroscopic factors, do not depend strongly on the neutron-proton asymmetry of the nucleus in this isotopic region as was reported in knockout reactions. The present results are consistent with results from systematic studies of transfer reactions but inconsistent with the trends observed in knockout reaction measurements.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures. submitted to PRL