cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Denial-of-Service Vulnerability of Hash-based Transaction Sharding: Attack and Countermeasure
Creators: name: Nguyen, Truc
name: Thai, My T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Since 2016, sharding has become an auspicious solution to tackle the scalability issue in legacy blockchain systems. Despite its potential to strongly boost the blockchain throughput, sharding comes with its own security issues. To ease the process of deciding which shard to place transactions, existing sharding protocols use a hash-based transaction sharding in which the hash value of a transaction determines its output shard. Unfortunately, we show that this mechanism opens up a loophole that could be exploited to conduct a single-shard flooding attack, a type of Denial-of-Service (DoS) attack, to overwhelm a single shard that ends up reducing the performance of the system as a whole.
 To counter the single-shard flooding attack, we propose a countermeasure that essentially eliminates the loophole by rejecting the use of hash-based transaction sharding. The countermeasure leverages the Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) to let blockchain's validators securely execute a transaction sharding algorithm with a negligible overhead. We provide a formal specification for the countermeasure and analyze its security properties in the Universal Composability (UC) framework. Finally, a proof-of-concept is developed to demonstrate the feasibility and practicality of our solution.
description: Revise spelling and grammar | Published in IEEE Transactions on Computers
THE IMPORTANCE OF THE GUT AND VAGINAL MICROBIOME IN THE CONTEXT OF PREPARATION FOR IN VITRO FERTILIZATION PROGRAMS
Creators: name: Hikmatova, Nigina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The sum total of all microorganisms that live in association with humans constitutes the human microbiome [1]. In dysbiotic conditions, a significant role is given to microorganisms that inhabit the entire genital tract, and they also have the potential to affect the success of conception and delivery. Environmental factors, a combination of prenatal, postnatal and intrapartum factors through the microbiome, influence all stages of a woman's life [3,5,7]. The ability to conceive and carry a pregnancy to term is largely due to the interaction of a woman's macroorganism with microorganisms involved in the formation of the microbiome of the intestine, vagina and other organs [1,2,8]. Until recently, the microbiome of the female reproductive system: as the uterine cavity, fallopian tubes, ovaries, mammary glands were considered absolutely sterile. According to modern authors it is established that in the female genital tract there is an ecological niche with a specific population of microorganisms. The microbial-tissue complex of the female genital tract being a part of a unified system of mucous membranes: gastrointestinal tract (GIT), respiratory tract, urinary system, etc., quickly responds to metabolic disorders of the organism itself and to dysbiotic changes, primarily in the GIT as the main reservoir of microbiome under the external influence of the ecosystem [4,8].
Formal Methods for An Iterated Volunteer's Dilemma
Creators: name: Dineen, Jacob
name: Haque, A S M Ahsan-Ul
name: Bielskas, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Game theory provides a paradigm through which we can study the evolving communication and phenomena that occur via rational agent interaction. In this work, we design a model framework and explore The Volunteer's Dilemma with the goals of 1) modeling it as a stochastic concurrent multiplayer game, 2) constructing properties to verify model correctness and reachability, 3) constructing strategy synthesis graphs to understand how the game is iteratively stepped through most optimally and, 4) analyzing a series of parameters to understand correlations with expected local and global rewards over a finite time horizon.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, 5 tables
Improved Digital Therapy for Developmental Pediatrics Using Domain-Specific Artificial Intelligence: Machine Learning Study
Creators: name: Washington, Peter
name: Kalantarian, Haik
name: Kent, John
name: Husic, Arman
name: Kline, Aaron
name: Leblanc, Emilie
name: Hou, Cathy
name: Mutlu, Onur Cezmi
name: Dunlap, Kaitlyn
name: Penev, Yordan
name: Varma, Maya
name: Stockham, Nate Tyler
name: Chrisman, Brianna
name: Paskov, Kelley
name: Sun, Min Woo
name: Jung, Jae-Yoon
name: Voss, Catalin
name: Haber, Nick
name: Wall, Dennis Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Background: Automated emotion classification could aid those who struggle to recognize emotions, including children with developmental behavioral conditions such as autism. However, most computer vision emotion recognition models are trained on adult emotion and therefore underperform when applied to child faces. Objective: We designed a strategy to gamify the collection and labeling of child emotion-enriched images to boost the performance of automatic child emotion recognition models to a level closer to what will be needed for digital health care approaches. Methods: We leveraged our prototype therapeutic smartphone game, GuessWhat, which was designed in large part for children with developmental and behavioral conditions, to gamify the secure collection of video data of children expressing a variety of emotions prompted by the game. Independently, we created a secure web interface to gamify the human labeling effort, called HollywoodSquares, tailored for use by any qualified labeler. We gathered and labeled 2155 videos, 39,968 emotion frames, and 106,001 labels on all images. With this drastically expanded pediatric emotion-centric database (>30 times larger than existing public pediatric emotion data sets), we trained a convolutional neural network (CNN) computer vision classifier of happy, sad, surprised, fearful, angry, disgust, and neutral expressions evoked by children. Results: The classifier achieved a 66.9% balanced accuracy and 67.4% F1-score on the entirety of the Child Affective Facial Expression (CAFE) as well as a 79.1% balanced accuracy and 78% F1-score on CAFE Subset A, a subset containing at least 60% human agreement on emotions labels. This performance is at least 10% higher than all previously developed classifiers evaluated against CAFE, the best of which reached a 56% balanced accuracy even when combining "anger" and "disgust" into a single class.
Scottia Brady & Norman 1889
Creators: name: Meisch, Claude
name: Smith, Robin J.
name: Martens, Koen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Ostracoda
Podocopida
Cyprididae
Scottia

description: Scottia Brady & Norman, 1889
Scottia audax Chapman, 1961: AU
Scottia birigida Smith et al., 2002: PA
Scottia insularis Chapman, 1963: AU
* Scottia pseudobrowniana Kempf, 1971: NA, PA
description: Published as part of Meisch, Claude, Smith, Robin J. & Martens, Koen, 2019, A subjective global checklist of the extant non-marine Ostracoda (Crustacea), pp. 1-135 in European Journal of Taxonomy 492 on page 100, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.492, http://zenodo.org/record/3271099
The z-DM distribution of fast radio bursts
Creators: name: James, C. W.
name: Prochaska, J. X.
name: Macquart, J. -P.
name: North-Hickey, F.
name: Bannister, K. W.
name: Dunning, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a sophisticated model of FRB observations, accounting for the intrinsic cosmological gas distribution and host galaxy contributions, and give the most detailed account yet of observational biases due to burst width, dispersion measure, and the exact telescope beamshape. Our results offer a significant increase in both accuracy and precision beyond those previously obtained. Using results from ASKAP and Parkes, we present our best-fit FRB population parameters in a companion paper. Here, we consider in detail the expected and fitted distributions in redshift, dispersion measure, and signal-to-noise. We estimate that the unlocalised ASKAP FRBs arise from $z<0.5$, with between a third and a half within $z<0.1$. Our predicted source-counts (''logN-logS'') distribution confirms previous indications of a steepening index near the Parkes detection threshold of $1$ Jy ms. We find no evidence for a minimum FRB energy, and rule out $E_{\rm min} > 10^{39.0}$ erg at 90% C.L. Importantly, we find that above a certain DM, observational biases cause the Macquart (DM-z) relation to become inverted, implying that the highest-DM events detected in the unlocalised Parkes and ASKAP samples are unlikely to be the most distant. More localized FRBs will be required to quantitatively estimate this effect, though its cause is a well-understood observational bias. Works assuming a 1-1 DM-z relation may therefore derive erroneous results. Our analysis of errors suggests that limiting factors in our analysis are understanding of FRB spectral behaviour, sensitivity response of search experiments, and the treatment of the repeating population and luminosity function.
description: 29 pages, 20 figures, 12 tables
Central limit theorems for high dimensional dependent data
Creators: name: Chang, Jinyuan
name: Chen, Xiaohui
name: Wu, Mingcong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Motivated by statistical inference problems in high-dimensional time series data analysis, we first derive non-asymptotic error bounds for Gaussian approximations of sums of high-dimensional dependent random vectors on hyper-rectangles, simple convex sets and sparsely convex sets. We investigate the quantitative effect of temporal dependence on the rates of convergence to a Gaussian random vector over three different dependency frameworks ($α$-mixing, $m$-dependent, and physical dependence measure). In particular, we establish new error bounds under the $α$-mixing framework and derive faster rate over existing results under the physical dependence measure. To implement the proposed results in practical statistical inference problems, we also derive a data-driven parametric bootstrap procedure based on a kernel estimator for the long-run covariance matrices. We apply the unified Gaussian and bootstrap approximation results to test mean vectors with combined $\ell^2$ and $\ell^\infty$ type statistics, change point detection, and construction of confidence regions for covariance and precision matrices, all for time series data.
OPTIMIZED METHODS OF PREPARATION INFERTILE PATIENTS TO IVF PROGRAMS.
Creators: name: Shodiev, Botur
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Secondary infertility is one of the main indications for in vitro fertilization (IVF). Lack of preconceptional preparation has been associated with significantly higher reproductive risks, ranging from infertility to intrauterine structural defects and diseases . We studied the microelement composition of the blood and follicular fluid of women with tubal infertility.  During the study of the microelement composition of peripheral blood, Zinc deficiency was determined in 28% of women and Iron deficiency in 7.14% of women. At the same time, the microelement composition of the follicular fluid was studied and it was determined that zinc was consumed 69% of the initial value. And also the concentration of iron and copper is reduced to 32% and 11.2% accordingly . In this review, we focus on the reproductive risks associated with certain preconception care, which is a critical step in determining fetal development and health due to the potential onset of a number of diseases in women with tubal infertility.
Understanding transcription factor binding through a new model of DamID methylation
Creators: name: O'Mara, Ciaran
Publisher: name: University of Tasmania
Year: 2024

description: The expression of genes in a cell is regulated by proteins termed transcription factors. Different transcription factors can interact cooperatively to fine-tune gene expression. To better understand these interactions and how they influence cellular function, it is essential to know with a high degree of precision where the proteins interact with DNA.
One protocol that profiles genome-wide protein-DNA interactions in vivo is DamID. The protocol works by tethering the protein of interest to an Escherichia coli DNA adenine methyltransferase (DAM). The tethered DAM methylates adenines within GATC sequences in proximity to the protein of interest’s binding site. Although a versatile protocol that requires low amounts of starting material, it has a resolution that is dependent on the frequency of GATC sequences. This resolution is insufficient to effectively distinguish the order of transcription factor binding at regulatory regions. With the goal of improving the resolution of the information that can be extracted from DamID data, this thesis investigated the underlying principles of the technique and describes a new mathematical model for DamID methylation. Methods for scaling the signal produced by the tethered protein to its background signal and the best rate-influence models to model methylation about binding sites in DamID were also investigated. Finally, the methylation function was used to develop a binding site prediction algorithm to identify the binding locations for the protein of interest.
Improving the resolution of the information that can be extracted from DamID data will facilitate research in determining the combinatory mechanics of gene regulation and how transcription factor networks govern cell function
DIAGNOSTIC PERSPECTIVES OF CHRONIC ENDOMETRITIS
Creators: name: Kadyrbaeva, Madina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Chronic endometritis is an understudied pathology associated with adverse reproductive outcomes such as implantation disorders and recurrent miscarriages. We provide summary information from the current literature, summarizing information obtained by searching computer databases. It is more common in infertile patients. With effective antibiotic therapy, SE improves pregnancy, live birth rates in patients with recurrent miscarriages during pregnancy and increases the miscarriage rate in patients with recurrent implantation failure. In addition to traditional histology, immunohistochemistry is recommended to improve diagnostic accuracy. In addition, hysteroscopy can be considered as an effective diagnostic standard, given its high correlation with histologic findings. Bacterial interaction with the endometrial microenvironment contributes to alterations in leukocyte population, cytokine and growth factor production, which enhances its negative impact on endometrial susceptibility. Nevertheless, it is important to define the standardization of histopathological diagnostic criteria and immunohistochemistry methods.
Forecasting the Supreme Court: A Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning Algorithms on Petitioner vs. Appellee Outcomes
Creators: name: Davids, Benjamin Chase
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: machine learning
prediction
Supreme Court
petitioner
appellee

description: This research seeks to address the question of whether algorithms can accurately predict petitioner-appellee outcomes of U.S. Supreme Court cases. We compare 4 machine learning algorithms, and we do a SHAP feature analysis on the most accurate algorithm, LightGBM.
description: Since its inception, Supreme Court decisions have impacted American laws and life. The ability to predict the high court’s decisions, known as quantitative legal prediction, would be of interest to those in the legal profession and the general public. While much research has been conducted on quantitative legal prediction, for various foreign high courts, the few experiments that have specifically addressed United States Supreme Court cases are now outdated, have been prone to overfitting, or were based on limited datasets. Our work and experimentation attempt to predict case outcomes while addressing the shortcomings of past research. In this work, we deployed several machine learning algorithms to predict whether the petitioner or appellee will win a Supreme Court case and compared the algorithms based on their prediction accuracy. Finally, we embarked on identifying which case features have the greatest predictive impact on the winner of a case. Using four machine learning algorithms (Random Forest, XGBoost, LightGBM, and Multilayer Perceptron) we trained, evaluated, and tested the predictive accuracy on the Washington University School of Law dataset of over 8,000 Supreme Court cases that were litigated between 1946 to 2016. Success was measured via a model’s accuracy, AUROC, and the associated weighted F1 score. Three of the four algorithms achieved accuracy, AUROC, and weighted F1 score in the mid-0.70s with LightGBM being the most accurate. The three case features that most influence LightGBM’s performance are the reason the Supreme Court granted a petition for certiorari, the category of the appellee, and the category of the petitioner. High performing algorithms and models such as the ones we have deployed could provide some predictive insight to individuals, lawyers, and policymakers that may be affected by Supreme Court decisions. Future research directions may include training the algorithms using semantically meaningful textual data or additional case variables.
Semicytherura Wagner 1957
Creators: name: Meisch, Claude
name: Smith, Robin J.
name: Martens, Koen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Ostracoda
Podocopida
Cytheruridae
Semicytherura

description: Semicytherura Wagner, 1957
Type species: Semicytherura nigrescens (Baird, 1838) Wagner 1957 (marine species)
Semicytherura gerlachi (Hartmann, 1957) Wouters 1994: NT
Cytherura gerlachi Hartmann, 1957
description: Published as part of Meisch, Claude, Smith, Robin J. & Martens, Koen, 2019, A subjective global checklist of the extant non-marine Ostracoda (Crustacea), pp. 1-135 in European Journal of Taxonomy 492 on page 100, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.492, http://zenodo.org/record/3271099
Protein-ligand binding affinity prediction using SARS-CoV-2
Creators: name: Rispoli, Anthony
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: protein-ligand binding
SARS-CoV-2
binding affinity prediction
machine-learning
molecular dynamics simulations

description: The urgency of the COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated drug discovery efforts, prompting advancements in computational methods. This study aims to predict protein-ligand (PL) binding affinities using atomic-resolution structural data from SARS-CoV-2 interactions with ligands. Utilizing data from large-scale ensemble-docking experiments, Multivariate Linear Regression (MLR) and Random Forest (RF) regression models were trained. Despite marginal improvement with RF, both models struggled to establish reliable predictions, highlighting the complexity of PL binding affinity prediction. Future work entails exploring larger RF models, integrating deep learning approaches, and developing novel predictor features for enhanced predictive capabilities.
Holomorphic maps from complex discs intersecting families of hypersurfaces
Creators: name: Quang, Si Duc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we establish second main theorems for holomorphic maps with finite growth index on complex discs intersecting families of hypersurfaces (moving and fixed) in projective varieties, where the small term is detailed estimate for various cases. Our results are generalizations and extensions of many previous second main theorems for holomorphic maps from $\mathbb C$ intersecting with hypersurfaces (moving and fixed) or moving hyperplanes.
description: 25 pages; This paper is accepted for publication in Complex Variables and Elliptic Equation (2022)
Extended Comment on Nature 586, 373 (2020) by E. Snider et al
Creators: name: van der Marel, Dirk
name: Hirsch, Jorge E
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently the discovery of room-temperature superconductivity was announced for a carbonaceous sulfur hydride (CSH) under high pressure. The evidence for superconductivity was based on resistance and magnetic susceptibility measurements. In the figures showing the susceptibility it was stated that "the background signal, determined from a non-superconducting CSH sample at 108~GPa, has been subtracted from the data". From a thorough data analysis we show that the data are incompatible with the notion that the susceptibility data are obtained from the "measured voltage" using a background correction. On the other hand the data {\it are} compatible with the reverse procedure, namely the "measured voltage" is obtained by adding a "background signal" containing noise to what was reported as the background-corrected susceptibility. For all 6 of the reported pressures our analysis leads to the conclusion that: (i) the reported background-corrected susceptibility data are pathological, (ii) they were not obtained by the method described in this paper nor by any one of the alternative 3 methods that were subsequently provided by the authors and (iii) the "measured voltage" data are not raw data.
description: 22 pages, 30 figures, 15 references, open data. The article under discussion in this submission has since been retracted by the publisher, see https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-022-05294-9 (26 Sep 2022)
Preserving Privacy and Security in Federated Learning
Creators: name: Nguyen, Truc
name: Thai, My T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Federated learning is known to be vulnerable to both security and privacy issues. Existing research has focused either on preventing poisoning attacks from users or on concealing the local model updates from the server, but not both. However, integrating these two lines of research remains a crucial challenge since they often conflict with one another with respect to the threat model. In this work, we develop a principle framework that offers both privacy guarantees for users and detection against poisoning attacks from them. With a new threat model that includes both an honest-but-curious server and malicious users, we first propose a secure aggregation protocol using homomorphic encryption for the server to combine local model updates in a private manner. Then, a zero-knowledge proof protocol is leveraged to shift the task of detecting attacks in the local models from the server to the users. The key observation here is that the server no longer needs access to the local models for attack detection. Therefore, our framework enables the central server to identify poisoned model updates without violating the privacy guarantees of secure aggregation.
description: Published in IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking
Siamopsis Savatenalinton 2017
Creators: name: Meisch, Claude
name: Smith, Robin J.
name: Martens, Koen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Ostracoda
Podocopida
Cytheruridae
Siamopsis

description: Siamopsis Savatenalinton, 2017
Siamopsis conspecta Savatenalinton, 2017: OL
Siamopsis khoratensis Savatenalinton, 2017: OL
Siamopsis planitia Savatenalinton, 2017: OL
* Siamopsis renateae Savatenalinton, 2017: OL
Siamopsis sutttajiti Savatenalinton, 2017: OL
description: Published as part of Meisch, Claude, Smith, Robin J. & Martens, Koen, 2019, A subjective global checklist of the extant non-marine Ostracoda (Crustacea), pp. 1-135 in European Journal of Taxonomy 492 on page 100, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.492, http://zenodo.org/record/3271099
Ultrahigh Poisson's ratio glasses
Creators: name: Lerner, Edan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The manner in which metallic glasses fail under external loading is known to correlate well with those glasses' Poisson's ratio $ν$: low-$ν$ (compressible) glasses typically feature brittle failure patterns with scarce plastic deformation, while high-$ν$ (incompressible) glasses typically fail in a ductile manner, accompanied by a high degree of plastic deformation and extensive liquid-like flow. Since the technological utility of metallic glasses depends on their ductility, materials scientists have been concerned with fabricating high-$ν$ glassy alloys. To shed light on the underlying micromechanical origin of high-$ν$ metallic glasses, we employ computer simulations of a simple glass-forming model with a single tunable parameter that controls the interparticle-potential's stiffness. We show that the presented model gives rise to ultra high-$ν$ glasses, reaching $ν\!=\!0.45$ and thus exceeding the most incompressible laboratory metallic glass. We discuss the possible role of the so-called unjamming transition in controlling the elasticity of ultra high-$ν$ glasses. To this aim, we show that our higher-$ν$ computer glasses host relatively softer quasilocalized glassy excitations, and establish relations between their associated characteristic frequency, macroscopic elasticity, and mechanical disorder.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures
Somalicypris Martens 1997
Creators: name: Meisch, Claude
name: Smith, Robin J.
name: Martens, Koen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Ostracoda
Podocopida
Cyprididae
Somalicypris

description: Somalicypris Martens, 1997
* Somalicypris uegitia (Masi, 1925) Martens, 1997: AT
Acocypris uegitia Masi, 1925
description: Published as part of Meisch, Claude, Smith, Robin J. & Martens, Koen, 2019, A subjective global checklist of the extant non-marine Ostracoda (Crustacea), pp. 1-135 in European Journal of Taxonomy 492 on page 100, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.492, http://zenodo.org/record/3271099
ЎСМИРЛИК ДАВРИДА ИЖТИМОИЙ ФОБИЯНИНГ НАМОЁН БЎЛИШИ ВА УНИНГ САЛБИЙ ОҚИБАТЛАРИ
Creators: name: Абдуллаева, Муслимахон
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Мақолада ўсмирлик даврида ижтимоий фобиянинг намоён бўлиши ва унинг салбий оқибатлари баён этилган, бу омиллар эмпирик тадқиқ этилиб, психологик таҳлили берилган, натижалар асосида хулоса ва тавсиялар ишлаб чиқилган
Coherent Backscattering of Entangled Photon Pairs
Creators: name: Safadi, Mamoon
name: Lib, Ohad
name: Lin, Ho-Chun
name: Hsu, Chia Wei
name: Goetschy, Arthur
name: Bromberg, Yaron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Correlations between entangled photons are a key ingredient for testing fundamental aspects of quantum mechanics and an invaluable resource for quantum technologies. However, scattering from a dynamic medium typically scrambles and averages out such correlations. Here we show that multiply-scattered entangled photons reflected from a dynamic complex medium remain partially correlated. We observe in experiments and in full-wave simulations enhanced correlations, within an angular range determined by the transport mean free path, which prevail disorder averaging. Theoretical analysis reveals that this enhancement arises from the interference between scattering trajectories, in which the photons leave the sample and are then virtually reinjected back into it. These paths are the quantum counterpart of the paths that lead to the coherent backscattering of classical light. This work points to opportunities for entanglement transport despite dynamic multiple scattering in complex systems.
Sphaeromicola Paris 1916
Creators: name: Meisch, Claude
name: Smith, Robin J.
name: Martens, Koen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Ostracoda
Podocopida
Entocytheridae
Sphaeromicola

description: Sphaeromicola Paris, 1916
Sphaeromicola cebennica Remy, 1948: PA
Sphaeromicola cebennica cebennica Remy, 1948
Sphaeromicola cebennica juberthiei Danielopol, 1977
Sphaeromicola hamigera (Remy, 1946) Remy 1948: PA
Sphaeromicola stammeri var. hamiger Remy, 1946
Sphaeromicola sphaeromidicola Hubault, 1938: PA
Sphaeromicola stammeri Klie, 1930: PA
* Sphaeromicola topsenti Paris, 1916: PA
description: Published as part of Meisch, Claude, Smith, Robin J. & Martens, Koen, 2019, A subjective global checklist of the extant non-marine Ostracoda (Crustacea), pp. 1-135 in European Journal of Taxonomy 492 on pages 100-101, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.492, http://zenodo.org/record/3271099
Spin ice in a general applied magnetic field: Kasteleyn transition, magnetic torque and rotational magnetocaloric effect
Creators: name: Potts, Mark
name: Benton, Owen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin ice is a paradigmatic frustrated system famous for the emergence of magnetic monopoles and a large magnetic entropy at low temperatures. It exhibits unusual behavior in the presence of an external magnetic field as a result of the competition between the spin ice entropy and the Zeeman energy. Studies of this have generally focused on fields applied along high symmetry directions: [111], [001], and [110]. Here we consider a model of spin ice with external field in an arbitrary direction. We find that the Kasteleyn transition known for $[001]$ fields, appears also for general field directions and calculate the associated Kasteleyn temperature $T_K$ as a function of field direction. $T_K$ is found to vanish, with a logarithmic dependence on field angle, approaching certain lines of special field directions. We further investigate the thermodynamic properties of spin ice for $T>T_K$, using a Husimi cactus approximation. As the system is cooled towards $T_K$ a large magnetic torque appears, tending to align the $[001]$ crystal axis with the external field. The model also exhibits a rotational magnetocaloric effect: significant temperature changes can be obtained by adabiatically rotating the crystal relative to a fixed field.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures
Spirocypris Sharpe 1903
Creators: name: Meisch, Claude
name: Smith, Robin J.
name: Martens, Koen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Ostracoda
Podocopida
Cyprididae
Spirocypris

description: Spirocypris Sharpe, 1903
Spirocypris horrida (Sars, 1926) McKenzie 1982: NA
Cypricercus horridus Sars, 1926
* Spirocypris passaica Sharpe, 1903: NA
Spirocypris tuberculata Sharpe, 1908: NA
description: Published as part of Meisch, Claude, Smith, Robin J. & Martens, Koen, 2019, A subjective global checklist of the extant non-marine Ostracoda (Crustacea), pp. 1-135 in European Journal of Taxonomy 492 on page 101, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.492, http://zenodo.org/record/3271099
SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY OF MODERN SCREENING FOR EVALUATION IN MODERN GYNECOLOGIC PATHOLOGY
Creators: name: Kadirbayeva, Madina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Diagnostic ultrasound (DUSI) is probably the most common modality used in obstetric practice. From A mode first described by Ian Donald for gynecology in the late 1950s, B mode in the 1970s, real-time and gray scale imaging in the early 1980s, Doppler a little later, sophisticated color Doppler in the 1990s, and 3D/quadruple ultrasound in the 2000s, DUS has not ceased to be closely associated with obstetric practice. The latest innovation is the use of artificial intelligence, which will undoubtedly play an increasing role in all aspects of our lives, including medicine and, in particular, obstetric ultrasound. In addition, new imaging techniques, enhanced training methods, improved workflow and ergonomics may also be developed in the future.
Stenocypria G. W. Muller 1901
Creators: name: Meisch, Claude
name: Smith, Robin J.
name: Martens, Koen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Ostracoda
Podocopida
Cyprididae
Stenocypria

description: Stenocypria G.W. Müller, 1901
* Stenocypria fischeri (Lilljeborg, 1883) G.W. Müller 1901: PA
Cypris fischeri Lilljeborg, 1883
description: Published as part of Meisch, Claude, Smith, Robin J. & Martens, Koen, 2019, A subjective global checklist of the extant non-marine Ostracoda (Crustacea), pp. 1-135 in European Journal of Taxonomy 492 on page 101, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.492, http://zenodo.org/record/3271099
Differentiable solver for time-dependent deformation problems with contact
Creators: name: Huang, Zizhou
name: Tozoni, Davi Colli
name: Gjoka, Arvi
name: Ferguson, Zachary
name: Schneider, Teseo
name: Panozzo, Daniele
name: Zorin, Denis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce a general differentiable solver for time-dependent deformation problems with contact and friction. Our approach uses a finite element discretization with a high-order time integrator coupled with the recently proposed incremental potential contact method for handling contact and friction forces to solve ODE- and PDE-constrained optimization problems on scenes with complex geometry. It supports static and dynamic problems and differentiation with respect to all physical parameters involved in the physical problem description, which include shape, material parameters, friction parameters, and initial conditions. Our analytically derived adjoint formulation is efficient, with a small overhead (typically less than 10% for nonlinear problems) over the forward simulation, and shares many similarities with the forward problem, allowing the reuse of large parts of existing forward simulator code.
 We implement our approach on top of the open-source PolyFEM library and demonstrate the applicability of our solver to shape design, initial condition optimization, and material estimation on both simulated results and physical validations.
Stenocypris Sars 1889
Creators: name: Meisch, Claude
name: Smith, Robin J.
name: Martens, Koen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Ostracoda
Podocopida
Cyprididae
Stenocypris

description: Stenocypris Sars, 1889
Stenocypris acocyproides Klie, 1933: AT
Stenocypris acuta (Vávra, 1895) G.W. Müller 1912: AT
Cypris acuta Vávra, 1895
Stenocypris akatovae Semenova, 1996: PA
Stenocypris archoplites Ferguson, 1964: NA
Stenocypris bimucronata Vávra, 1906: OL
Stenocypris bronsteini Semenova, 2006: PA
Stenocypris caesia Klie, 1935: AT
Stenocypris curvirami Lowndes, 1932: AT
Stenocypris damasi Kiss, 1959: AT
Stenocypris decorata Daday, 1910: AT
Stenocypris derupta Vávra, 1906: AT, OL, PA
Stenocypris distincta Victor & Fernando, 1978: OL
Stenocypris dybowskii Grochmalicki, 1913: AT
Stenocypris elongata Daday, 1910: AT
Stenocypris exsiccata (Vávra, 1897) G.W. Müller 1912: AT
Cypris exsiccata Vávra, 1897
Stenocypris fontinalis (Vávra, 1895) G.W. Müller 1912: AT, AU, NT, PA
Cypris fontinalis Vávra, 1895
Stenocypris hirutai Smith & Kamiya, 2006: PA
Stenocypris hislopi Ferguson, 1969: OL, PA
Stenocypris ilyophila Klie, 1932: OL
Stenocypris intermedia Klie, 1932: NA, OL, PA
Syn.: Stenocypris bolieki Ferguson, 1962 (fide Martens 2001a)
Syn.: Stenocypris macedonica Petkovski & Meisch, 1996 (fide Martens 2001a)
Syn.: Stenocypris malcolmsoni lata Ghetti, 1972 (fide Petkovski & Meisch 1996)
Stenocypris jabalpurensis Harshey & Patil, 1988: OL
Stenocypris karakalpakii Semenova, 2006: PA
Stenocypris major (Baird, 1859) Daday 1898: AT, NA, NT, OL, PA, PAC
Cypris major Baird, 1859
Stenocypris major major (Baird, 1859) Daday, 1898
Syn.: Stenocypris cylindrica major (Baird, 1859) (fide Martens & Behen 1994)
Syn.: Cypris chittyensis Baird, 1862 (fide Martens & Behen 1994)
Syn.: * Stenocypris malcolmsoni Brady, 1886 (fide Martens & Behen 1994)
Syn.: Stenocypris major okuboi Petkovski & Meisch, 1996 (fide Martens 2001a)
Stenocypris major sketi Petkovski & Meisch, 1996
Stenocypris malayica Victor & Fernando, 1981: NT, OL, PA, PAC
Stenocypris marginata Daday, 1910: AT, OL, PAC
Stenocypris maxillaris Kiss, 1960: AT
Stenocypris orientalis Victor & Fernando, 1981: OL
Stenocypris pancratovae Akatova, 1950: PA
Stenocypris pseudoelongata Martens, 1984: AT
Nom. nov. pro Stenocypris elongata Kiss, 1960 nec Daday, 1910
Stenocypris quadridentata Rome, 1962: AT
Stenocypris simulans Rome, 1965: AT, OL
Stenocypris sohni Deb, 1983: OL
Stenocypris stagnalis Daday, 1910: AT
Stenocypris trapezoides Klie, 1932: OL
Stenocypris tsukagoshii Smith & Kamiya, 2006: PA
Stenocypris ussangiana Grochmalicki, 1913: AT
Stenocypris viridis Okubo, 1990: PA
description: Published as part of Meisch, Claude, Smith, Robin J. & Martens, Koen, 2019, A subjective global checklist of the extant non-marine Ostracoda (Crustacea), pp. 1-135 in European Journal of Taxonomy 492 on pages 101-102, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.492, http://zenodo.org/record/3271099
METHODS OF PREPARING INFERTILE WOMEN FOR IMPLANTATION BEFORE IVF-REHABILITATION PROGRAMS
Creators: name: Shodiev, Botur
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: A global study found that the global prevalence of infertility remained virtually unchanged between 1990 and 2010, with an estimated 48.5 million couples worldwide having difficulty having a child over 5 years of age in 2010. Morphological and functional disorders of the fallopian tubes, such as obstruction, rigidity deformation and peristaltic imbalance, occurring in various diseases, account for 25–30% of all cases of infertility [9]. Accurate assessment of tubal patency can be important evidence for targeted clinical treatment. Laparoscopy and dye intubation (knees and dye) have long been considered the gold standard for tubal patency testing; but in the public sector there are concerns about long delays and costs, as well as risks associated with anesthesia and surgery [10]. The more accessible hysterosalpingography involves X-ray exposure and the risk of hypersensitivity reaction to iodinated contrast agents. Compared to these procedures, transvaginal Hysterosalpine contrast sonography (HSCS) is a non-invasive, safe and cost-effective method that provides rapid, easy and reliable diagnosis of tubal patency [11]. So far, some studies have attempted to evaluate the accuracy of GCS in diagnosing tubal patency compared with traditional methods.
FEATURES OF ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID SYNDROME
Creators: name: Suleymanova, Gulrux
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is rightly called a chameleon syndrome. With the involvement of various molecular mechanisms and interactions, a spectrum of clinical manifestations develops.Antiphospholipid antibody (AFA) SP was studied in 25 patients with coronavirus infection and 22 pregnant women with antiphospholipid syndrome (AFS) in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (AFS) during the coronavirus pandemic.
The André-Quillen cohomology of commutative monoids
Creators: name: Agrawalla, Bhavya
name: Khlaif, Nasief
name: Miller, Haynes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20M14, 13D03

description: We observe that Beck modules for a commutative monoid are exactly modules over a graded commutative ring associated to the monoid. Under this identification, the Quillen cohomology of commutative monoids is a special case of André-Quillen cohomology for graded commutative rings, generalizing a result of Kurdiani and Pirashvili. To verify this we develop the necessary grading formalism. The partial cochain complex developed by Pierre Grillet for computing Quillen cohomology appears as the start of a modification of the Harrison cochain complex suggested by Michael Barr.
description: Extensive revision of an earlier arXiv submission, with new title. This is the published version with different pagination
Good governance in democratic developing countries: Gap between theory and practice
Creators: name: Waheduzzaman, Wahed
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2025

description: Establishing good governance in developing countries is demanded by the International Donor Agencies as a prerequisite for aid assistance. To comply with this, the government of Bangladesh, like other governments of developing countries, is trying to develop participatory local government to support overall good governance. Research studies have asserted that, although rural people in Bangladesh are participating in development programs through their elected representatives, this participation has not been effective in ensuring good governance. Considering this background, literature relating to good governance through people’s participation has been reviewed, and it is found that while the government of Bangladesh is pursuing democracy centrally, locally it is practising autocracy.
Tanganyikacypridopsis Martens 1985
Creators: name: Meisch, Claude
name: Smith, Robin J.
name: Martens, Koen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Ostracoda
Podocopida
Cyprididae
Tanganyikacypridopsis

description: Tanganyikacypridopsis Martens, 1985
Tanganyikacypridopsis anomala (Rome, 1962) Martens 1985: AT
Cypridopsis anomala Rome, 1962
Tanganyikacypridopsis calcarata (Rome, 1962) Martens 1985: AT
Cypridopsis calcarata Rome, 1962
* Tanganyikacypridopsis depressa (Kiss, 1959) Martens 1985: AT
Potamocypris depressa Kiss, 1959
description: Published as part of Meisch, Claude, Smith, Robin J. & Martens, Koen, 2019, A subjective global checklist of the extant non-marine Ostracoda (Crustacea), pp. 1-135 in European Journal of Taxonomy 492 on page 105, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.492, http://zenodo.org/record/3271099
Not Just Pretty Pictures: Toward Interventional Data Augmentation Using Text-to-Image Generators
Creators: name: Yuan, Jianhao
name: Pinto, Francesco
name: Davies, Adam
name: Torr, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Neural image classifiers are known to undergo severe performance degradation when exposed to inputs that are sampled from environmental conditions that differ from their training data. Given the recent progress in Text-to-Image (T2I) generation, a natural question is how modern T2I generators can be used to simulate arbitrary interventions over such environmental factors in order to augment training data and improve the robustness of downstream classifiers. We experiment across a diverse collection of benchmarks in single domain generalization (SDG) and reducing reliance on spurious features (RRSF), ablating across key dimensions of T2I generation, including interventional prompting strategies, conditioning mechanisms, and post-hoc filtering. Our extensive empirical findings demonstrate that modern T2I generators like Stable Diffusion can indeed be used as a powerful interventional data augmentation mechanism, outperforming previously state-of-the-art data augmentation techniques regardless of how each dimension is configured.
description: 29 pages, 16 figures
Four-Dimensional Characterization of the Construction and Mechanical Behavior of the Apis mellifera Honeycomb
Creators: name: Franklin, Rahul Joseph
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 401699
subject: Materials engineering not elsewhere classified

description: The natural honeycomb made from beeswax is an engineering marvel. Modern-day engineering has taken several inspirations from it in the form of hexagonal panels and cells made of various materials such as polymers, ceramics, and metals for light-weighting without compromising on its mechanical properties. Previously, characterizing this structure has relied on two-dimensional (2D) surface observations on the macroscale which have an inherently limited scope in understanding complex three-dimensional (3D) structures. As a result, several seminal features of the honeycomb that would have shed light on how it is constructed and what makes it so mechanically robust are left out of reach and overlooked. X-ray microscopy (XRM) is a powerful tool to characterize these complex structures non-destructively, yielding insights that are not possible without three-dimensional (3D) datasets. Further, when a time-resolved approach is adopted, where an external stimulus is interrupted for an XRM scan, one can obtain four-dimensional (4D) datasets. This provides unrivaled information on how complex 3D structures evolve over time when a stimulus is applied.In this work, a time-resolved approach towards understanding how bees build out their hexagonal cells, both under normal and abnormal conditions was developed. Several previously unreported, but seminal features of the honeycomb such as the “coping” and porosity at well-defined locations yielded insights into how the comb is constructed. The corrugated spine is seen to be the foundation on which all hexagonal cells are built on. Additionally, this work also explores how bees accommodate distortions within the ordered lattice during the merger of two combs. Behaviorally they are seen to reduce the distortion within cells to minimize the wastage of wax and to keep the cells usable. A 3D parameter using automated image processing was developed to quantify how distortions are accommodated in an ordered lattice.This work will further shed light on the mechanical behavior of the natural honeycomb arising from the corrugated nature of the spine and the gradient in its wall thickness which plays a role in crack deflection when the honeycomb is loaded under tension. When loaded under compression, the honeycomb lattice crumples in a manner to limit the damage to very local regions thereby forming a damage-tolerant crumple zone.
Tanganyikacypris Kiss 1961
Creators: name: Meisch, Claude
name: Smith, Robin J.
name: Martens, Koen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Ostracoda
Podocopida
Cyprididae
Tanganyikacypris

description: Tanganyikacypris Kiss, 1961
* Tanganyikacypris matthesi Kiss, 1961: AT
Tanganyikacypris stappersi Wouters et al., 1989: AT
description: Published as part of Meisch, Claude, Smith, Robin J. & Martens, Koen, 2019, A subjective global checklist of the extant non-marine Ostracoda (Crustacea), pp. 1-135 in European Journal of Taxonomy 492 on page 105, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.492, http://zenodo.org/record/3271099