cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Thermopower of Single-Channel Disordered and Chaotic Conductors
Creators: name: van Langen, S. A.
name: Silvestrov, P. G.
name: Beenakker, C. W. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show (analytically and by numerical simulation) that the zero-temperature limit of the distribution of the thermopower S of a one-dimensional disordered wire in the localized regime is a Lorentzian, with a disorder-independent width of 4 pi^3 k_B^2 T/3eΔ(where T is the temperature and Δthe mean level spacing). Upon raising the temperature the distribution crosses over to an exponential form exp(-2|S|eT/Δ). We also consider the case of a chaotic quantum dot with two single-channel ballistic point contacts. The distribution of S then has a cusp at S=0 and a tail |S|^{-1-β} log|S| for large S (with β=1,2 depending on the presence or absence of time-reversal symmetry).
description: To be published in Superlattices and Microstructures, special issue on the occasion of Rolf Landauer's 70th birthday
Phase diagrams of polarized ultra-cold gases on attractive-U Hubbard ladders
Creators: name: Burovski, E.
name: Ikhsanov, R. Sh.
name: Kuznetsov, A. A.
name: Kagan, M. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a quasi-one-dimensional model of a two-component Fermi gas at zero temperature on one, two and three-leg attractive-U Hubbard ladders. We construct the grand canonical phase diagram of a two-component spin-polarized gas. We find that the structure of the phase diagram of the attractive-U Hubbard model for two and three leg ladders significantly differs q from the structure of the phase diagram of a single chain. We argue that the single chain model is a special case, and that multichain ladders display qualitative features of the 1D-to-3D crossover, observed in experiments with trapped ultracold gases.
A Cut-Free Sequent Calculus for Defeasible Erotetic Inferences
Creators: name: Millson, Jared
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In recent years, the effort to formalize erotetic inferences---i.e., inferences to and from questions---has become a central concern for those working in erotetic logic. However, few have sought to formulate a proof theory for these inferences. To fill this lacuna, we construct a calculus for (classes of) sequents that are sound and complete for two species of erotetic inferences studied by Inferential Erotetic Logic (IEL): erotetic evocation and erotetic implication. While an effort has been made to axiomatize the former in a sequent system, there is currently no proof theory for the latter. Moreover, the extant axiomatization of erotetic evocation fails to capture its defeasible character and provides no rules for introducing or eliminating question-forming operators. In contrast, our calculus encodes defeasibility conditions on sequents and provides rules governing the introduction and elimination of erotetic formulas. We demonstrate that an elimination theorem holds for a version of the cut rule that applies to both declarative and erotetic formulas and that the rules for the axiomatic account of question evocation in IEL are admissible in our system.
description: 26 pages, 1 figure
Spin-Peierls transition in the Heisenberg chain with finite-frequency phonons
Creators: name: Sandvik, Anders W.
name: Campbell, David K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the spin-Peierls transition in a Heisenberg spin chain coupled to optical bond-phonons. Quantum Monte Carlo results for systems with up to N=256 spins show unambiguously that the transition occurs only when the spin-phonon coupling alpha exceeds a critical value alpha_c. Using sum rules, we show that the phonon spectral function has divergent (for infinite N) weight extending to zero frequency for alpha < alpha_c. The equal-time phonon-phonon correlations decay with distance r as 1/r. This behavior is characteristic for all 0 < alpha < alpha_c and the q=pi phonon does not soften (to zero frequency) at the transition.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
The spectral Petersen diagram as a new tool to map pulsation modes in variable stars
Creators: name: Hippke, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Additional pulsation modes have been discovered in many Cepheids, RR Lyrae, and other variable stars. Fourier transforms are used to find, fit and subtract the main pulsation period and its harmonics to reveal additional modes. Commonly, for every star, the strongest of these modes is presented in a "Petersen diagram", where the shorter-to-longer period ratio is plotted against the longer period. This diagram discards the information about temporal variations, multiple pulsation modes, and signals which are below some chosen signal to noise threshold. I here present a new tool to map pulsation modes in variable stars, dubbed the "spectral Petersen diagram". It shows all signals, irrespective of their multiplicity or significance. Many (thousands) of light curves can be stacked to improve the signal to noise ratio and reveal unprecedented detail about the pulsation mode space. This tool is useful to constraint the parameters of variable star models.
description: Accepted to MNRAS
Space-time as strongly bent plate
Creators: name: Kokarev, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Futher development is made of a consept of space-time as multidimensional elastic plate, proposed earlier in [20,21]. General equilibrium equations, including 4-dimensional tangent stress tensor - energy-momentum tensor of matter - are derived. Comparative analysis of multidimensional elasticity theory (MET) and GR is given. Variational principle, boundary conditions, energy-momentum tensor, matter and space-time signature are reviewed within the context of MET.
description: 20 pages, LaTEX 2e
Additional file 2 of Post-transcriptional regulation in the myo1Δ mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Creators: name: Marielis E Rivera-Ruiz
name: Rodríguez-Quiñones, José F
name: Akamine, Pearl
name: Rodríguez-Medina, José R
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2:Rivera-Ruiz, Rodríguez-Quiñones, Akamine, and Rodríguez-Medina. Positive control experiment conducted with mRNA extracted from eIF4Ep immunoprecipitated protein fractions. Agarose gel electrophoresis of RT-PCR products is shown. Experiments yielded positive RT-PCR signals for all the mRNA primer pairs that were tested. (DOC 312 KB)
Influence of Nuclear Reaction Rate Uncertainties on Neutron Star Properties Extracted From X-ray Burst Model-Observation Comparisons
Creators: name: Meisel, Zach
name: Merz, Grant
name: Medvid, Sophia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Type-I X-ray bursts can be used to determine properties of accreting neutron stars via comparisons between model calculations and astronomical observations, exploiting the sensitivity of models to astrophysical conditions. However, the sensitivity of models to nuclear physics uncertainties calls into question the fidelity of constraints derived in this way. Using X-ray burst model calculations performed with the code {\tt MESA}, we investigate the impact of uncertainties for nuclear reaction rates previously identified as influential and compare them to the impact of changes in astrophysical conditions, using the conditions that are thought to best reproduce the source GS 1826-24 as a baseline. We find that reaction rate uncertainties are unlikely to significantly change conclusions about the properties of accretion onto the neutron star surface for this source. However, we find that reaction rate uncertainties significantly hinder the possibility of extracting the neutron star mass-radius ratio by matching the modeled and observed light curves due to the influence of reaction rates on the modeled light curve shape. Particularly influential nuclear reaction rates are $^{15}{\rm O}(α,γ)$ and $^{23}{\rm Al}(p,γ)$, though other notable impacts arise from $^{14}{\rm O}(α,p)$, $^{18}{\rm Ne}(α,p)$, $^{22}{\rm Mg}(α,p)$, $^{24}{\rm Mg}(α,γ)$, $^{59}{\rm Cu}(p,γ)$, and $^{61}{\rm Ga}(p,γ)$. Furthermore, we find that varying some nuclear reaction rates within their uncertainties has an impact on the neutron star crust composition and thermal structure that is comparable to relatively significant changes accretion conditions.
description: Submitted
title: Προγραμματισμός φωτοβολταικών συστημάτων
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Kartsaklis, Evangelos A.
Publisher: name: National Technological University of Athens
Year: 2013
Subjects: Φωτοβολταικα συστήματα
Ήλιος
Ακτινοβολία
Πλαίσιο
Plc
Ladder
K8000
Stl
Fbd

description: 76 σ.
description: Στην εργασία θα παρουσιαστεί η ανάπτυξη ενός απλού αυτόματου συστήματος ηλιοστάτη, που χρησιμοποιεί τεχνικές μηχανικής όρασης για την κατεύθυνση της αντανάκλασης του φωτός.
description: This paper is about the development of a simple automatic tracker, employing machine vision for the direction of light reflection.
title: Kategorien der Identifizierbarkeit und obrigkeitliche Konstruktionen in den Sulzer Jauner- und Diebslisten von 1784, 1787 und 1801
Creators: name: Schwarzinger, Lisa Marie
Year: 2023

description: Die vorliegende Masterarbeit beschäftigt sich mit der frühneuzeitlichen Konstruktion von Identifizierbarkeit in Personenlisten aus dem deutschen Sprachraum. Das Erkenntnisinteresse bezieht sich auf die Bildung von Kategorien der Wiedererkennbarkeit und die damit einhergehende Konstruktion von Geschlecht. Basierend auf der Analyse der Einträge von 56 Personen aus drei Identifizierungslisten werden Erkenntnisse über die Herstellung von intersubjektiver Wiedererkennbarkeit im Kontext frühneuzeitlicher Strafverfolgung gewonnen. Um diese relevanten Quellen nutzbar zu machen, wird ein geeignetes Analysemodell konstruiert und zur Anwendung gebracht. Die Analyse entlang der vier Dimensionen - der kategorialen, körperbasierten, tatbestandsbasierten und relationalen - ermöglicht Erkenntnisse über den obrigkeitlichen Konstruktionsprozess von Identifizierbarkeit. Wiedererkennbarkeit wurde durch die Verknüpfung und Verschriftlichung von Informationen ermöglicht, wobei sich die Namen der beschriebenen Personen als essentialia identificationis festlegen lassen und die Herstellung von Identifizierbarkeit stets eine Konstruktion von Geschlecht beinhaltet.
title: Towards legal regulation of online platform work
Creators: name: Styková, Viktória
Year: 2023

description: In einer sich ständig verändernden Welt stellt die Plattformarbeit weiterhin eine Art "soziales Dilemma" dar, nicht nur für Arbeitnehmer, Unternehmen und Sozialpartner, sondern auch für die politischen Entscheidungsträger in der Europäischen Union. Ihr Schutz und ihre Rechte sind nur vage definiert, was häufig zu einer falschen Einstufung der Arbeitnehmer führt, was ihre Arbeitsbedingungen beeinträchtigt. In diesem Papier werden die wichtigsten Konzepte wie Gig-Economy und Online-Plattformarbeiter untersucht, die wichtigsten Herausforderungen und Lücken in Bezug auf den Schutz von Plattformarbeitern in der aktuellen EU-Arbeitsgesetzgebung untersucht, aber auch die vorgeschlagene Richtlinie zur Verbesserung der Arbeitsbedingungen von Plattformarbeitern diskutiert und kritisiert und andere Alternativen zu der vorgeschlagenen Richtlinie vorgeschlagen, d. h. legislative und politische Empfehlungen zur Stärkung der Rechte und des Schutzes dieser Arbeitnehmer, nämlich die Einführung einer dritten Arbeitnehmerkategorie und die Einführung eines Verhaltenskodex durch Online-Plattformen, die auf dem europäischen Markt tätig sind.
description: In an ever-changing world, platform work continues to present a kind of 'social dilemma' not only for workers, businesses, social partners, but also for policy makers within the European Union. Their protection and rights are vaguely defined, and this often leads to misclassification of workers, which affects their working conditions. This Paper explores the main concepts such as gig economy and online platform worker, examines main challenges and gaps in respect of protections of platform workers in the current EU labor law legislation, but also discusses and criticizes the proposed Directive on improving working conditions of platform workers and proposes other alternatives to the proposed Directive, i.e. legislative and policy recommendations to strengthen the rights and protections of these workers, namely introduction of the third category of worker and establishment of the code of conduct by online platforms operating in the European market.
Additional file 3 of Post-transcriptional regulation in the myo1Δ mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Creators: name: Marielis E Rivera-Ruiz
name: Rodríguez-Quiñones, José F
name: Akamine, Pearl
name: Rodríguez-Medina, José R
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3:Rivera-Ruiz, Rodríguez-Quiñones, Akamine, and Rodríguez-Medina. Positive control experiment conducted with equivalent amounts (0.1 μg) of the input total RNA extracted from cell lysates prior to the immunoprecipitation step. Total RNA was amplified by RT-PCR with each primer pair and RT-PCR products were resolved on 2% agarose gels shown. The results demonstrate positive amplification for all the mRNA primer pairs that were tested. (DOC 39 KB)
Glassy behavior of the site frustrated percolation model
Creators: name: Scarpetta, S.
name: de Candia, A.
name: Coniglio, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamical properties of the site frustrated percolation model are investigated and compared with those of glass forming liquids. When the density of the particles on the lattice becomes high enough, the dynamics of the model becomes very slow, due to geometrical constraints, and rearrangement on large scales is needed to allow relaxation. The autocorrelation functions, the specific volume for different cooling rates, and the mean square displacement are evaluated, and are found to exhibit glassy behavior.
description: 8 pages, RevTeX, 11 figs
Synchronization of optomechanical cavities by mechanical interaction
Creators: name: Colombano, M. F.
name: Arregui, G.
name: Capuj, N. E.
name: Pitanti, A.
name: Maire, J.
name: Griol, A.
name: Garrido, B.
name: Martinez, A.
name: Sotomayor-Torres, C. M.
name: Navarro-Urrios, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The synchronization of coupled oscillators is a phenomenon found throughout nature. Mechanical oscillators are paradigmatic among such systems, but realising them at the nanoscale is challenging. We report synchronization of the mechanical dynamics of a pair of optomechanical crystal cavities that are intercoupled with a mechanical link and support independent optical modes. In this regime they oscillate in anti-phase, which is in agreement with the predictions of our numerical model that considers reactive coupling. Finally, we show how to temporarily disable synchronization of the coupled system by actuating one of the cavities with a heating laser, so that both cavities oscillate independently. Our results can be upscaled to more than two cavities and are thus the first step towards realizing integrated networks of synchronized optomechanical oscillators. Such networks promise unparalleled performances for time-keeping and sensing purposes and unveil a new route for neuromorphic computing applications.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures. Supplementary material: 11 pages, 7 figures
Ontology based Approach for Precision Agriculture
Creators: name: Ngo, Quoc Hung
name: Le-Khac, Nhien-An
name: Kechadi, Tahar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we propose a framework of knowledge for an agriculture ontology which can be used for the purpose of smart agriculture systems. This ontology not only includes basic concepts in the agricultural domain but also contains geographical, IoT, business subdomains, and other knowledge extracted from various datasets. With this ontology, any users can easily understand agricultural data links between them collected from many different data resources. In our experiment, we also import country, sub-country and disease entities into this ontology as basic entities for building agricultural linked datasets later.
title: Ästhetik des Anthropozäns
Creators: name: Feusthuber, Lisa Maria
Year: 2023

description: Die vorliegende Masterarbeit analysiert das Wesen anthropozäner Lyrik. Anhand der Inter-pretation ausgewählter Gedichte der Gegenwartsliteratur wird untersucht, wie die Thematik des Anthropozäns durch das Genre Nature Writing verhandelt wird. Dabei wird ermittelt, auf welche Weise die komplexen anthropozänen Themen in den behandelten Gedichten zum Ausdruck gebracht werden und wie sich darin das persönliche Empfinden der Men-schen widerspiegelt. Die Poetik des Anthropozäns zeichnet sich durch eine metaphorisch geladene, komplexe Sprache aus und nutzt zahlreiche Symbole, Stilmittel und typographische Zeichen. Durch diese Form des New Nature Writing werden die Auswirkungen und Gefahren des Anthro-pozäns skaliert verdeutlicht und es wird kritisch und oft sarkastisch der nachlässige Um-gang der Menschen samt ihrer ignoranten Einstellung zum Zustand des Planeten Erde zum Ausdruck gebracht.
description: This master thesis analyzes the nature of anthropocene poetry. By interpreting selected po-ems of contemporary literature, it examines how the theme of the Anthropocene is negoti-ated through the genre of nature writing. In doing so, it will be determined in which way the complex Anthropocene themes are expressed in the treated poems and how the personal feelings of the people are reflected in them. The poetics of the Anthropocene is characterized by a metaphorically loaded, complex lan-guage and uses numerous symbols, stylistic devices and typographical signs. Through this form of New Nature Writing, the effects and dangers of the Anthropocene are made clear in a scaled way, and the careless treatment of humans, including their ignorant attitude towards the state of planet Earth, is expressed critically and often sarcastically.
Critical properties of a three dimensional p-spin model
Creators: name: Franz, Silvio
name: Parisi, Giorgio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study the critical properties of a finite dimensional generalization of the p-spin model. We find evidence that in dimension three, contrary to its mean field limit, the glass transition is associated to a diverging susceptibility (and correlation length).
description: 6 Pages, 12 Figures
The nature of label-induced categories: preverbal infants represent surface features and category symbols - Supplemental Material
Creators: name: Pomiechowska, Barbara
name: Takács, Szilvia
name: Volein, Ágnes
name: Parise, Eugenio
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310901
subject: Animal behaviour

description: 1. Additional Methods 2. Table S1: Regions of Interest (ROIs) 3. Additional Results 4. Additional Experiments: Experiment S4a-S4b 5. Figure S3: Experiment S4
Community Guiding Principles for the National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C)
Creators: name: N3C Consortium
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
Clinical Data Sharing
Electronic Health Records (EHR)

description: N3C Community Guiding Principles This Community Guiding Principles document outlines expectations of every N3C community member, which includes, institutions and individuals who use N3C resources, expertise, and data. The N3C community is committed to providing a welcoming and inspiring environment for all community members. These principles were established by the N3C Community in an unprecedented effort to encourage and enable a highly collaborative research environment to address one of the worst health crises of our time. As such, we expect these guiding principles to be honored by each community member.
A Generic Receiver Architecture for MIMO Wireless Power Transfer with Non-Linear Energy Harvesting
Creators: name: Ma, Ganggang
name: Xu, Jie
name: Zeng, Yong
name: Moghadam, Mohammad R. Vedady
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This letter investigates a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless power transfer (WPT) system under practical non-liner energy harvesting (EH) models. We propose a new generic energy receiver (ER) architecture consisting of $N$ receive antennas and $L$ rectifiers, for which one power splitter is inserted after each antenna to adaptively split the received radio frequency (RF) signals among the $L$ rectifiers for efficient non-linear RF-to-direct current (DC) conversion. With the proposed architecture, we maximize the total harvested DC power at the ER, by jointly optimizing the transmit energy beamforming at the energy transmitter (ET) and the power splitting ratios at the ER. Numerical results show that our proposed design by exploiting the nonlinearity of EH significantly improves the harvested DC power at the ER, as compared to two conventional designs.
Universal scaling, beta function, and metal-insulator transitions
Creators: name: Sheng, D. N.
name: Weng, Z. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a universal scaling form of longitudinal resistance in the quantum critical region of metal-insulator transitions, based on numerical results of three-dimensional Anderson transitions (with and without magnetic field), two-dimensional quantum Hall plateau to insulator transition, as well as experimental data of the recently discovered two-dimensional metal-insulator transition. The associated reflection symmetry and a peculiar logarithmic form of the beta function exist over a wide range in which the resistance can change by more than one order of magnitude. Interesting implications for the two-dimensional metal-insulator transition are discussed.
description: 4 pages, REVTEX, 4 embedded figures; minor corrections to figures and text
Additional file 1 of Improvement of the management of mental well-being and empathy in Chinese medical students: a randomized controlled study
Creators: name: Rong, Rong
name: Chen, Wei
name: Dai, Zihao
name: Gu, Jingli
name: Chen, Weiying
name: Zhou, Yanbin
name: Kuang, Ming
name: Xiao, Haipeng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
CMB with Quintessence: Analytic Approach and CMBFAST
Creators: name: Crooks, James L.
name: Dunn, James O.
name: Frampton, Paul H.
name: Ng, Y. Jack
name: Rohm, Ryan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A particular kind of quintessence is considered, with equation of motion $p_Q/ρ_Q = -1$, corresponding to a cosmological term with time-dependence $Λ(t) = Λ(t_0) (R(t_0)/R(t))^{P}$ which we examine initially for $0 \leq P < 3$. Energy conservation is imposed, as is consistency with big-bang nucleosynthesis, and the range of allowed $P$ is thereby much restricted to $0 \leq P < 0.2$. The position of the first Doppler peak is computed analytically and the result combined with analysis of high-Z supernovae to find how values of $Ω_m$ and $Ω_Λ$ depend on $P$. Some comparison is made to the CMBFAST public code.
description: 13 pp LaTeX and 7 postscript figures
Numerical Study of Statistical Properties of the Galactic Center Distance Estimate from the Geometry of Spiral Arm Segments
Creators: name: Nikiforov, I. I.
name: Veselova, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The influence of various factors on the statistical properties of the Galactic center distance ($R_0$) estimate obtained by solving the general problem of determining the geometric parameters of a Galactic spiral arm from its segment with the inclusion of the distance to the spiral pole, i.e., $R_0$, in the set of parameters has been studied by the Monte Carlo method. Our numerical simulations have been performed for the model segments representing the Perseus and Scutum arms based on masers in high-mass star forming regions. We show that the uncertainty in the present-day parallax measurements for these objects systematically decreases (!) with increasing heliocentric distance, while the relative uncertainty in the parallaxes is approximately constant. This lucky circumstance increases by a factor of 1.4-1.7 the accuracy of estimating $R_0$ from the arm segment traced by masers. Our numerical experiments provide evidence for the consistency of the $R_0$ estimate from the spiral-segment geometry. The significant biases of the estimate detected only for the Scutum arm are caused mainly by the random parallax errors, the small angular extent of the segment, and the small number of objects representing it. The dispersion of the $R_0$ estimate depends most strongly on the angular extent of the segment and the parallax uncertainty if the latter, on average, does not depend on the distance. When the data on 3-8 segments are processed simultaneously, the predicted standard error of the final estimate is $σ_{R_0} \simeq 0.5$-$0.3$ kpc, respectively. The accuracy can be improved by increasing the extent of the identified segments and the number of objects belonging to them. A more complex variant of the method taking into account the measuring and natural dispersions of objects relative to the arm center line will avoid the biases of the parameter estimates.
description: 27 pages, 12 figures, 6 tables. Published in Astronomy Letters (AL)
Systematic investigation of the high-$K$ isomers and the high-spin rotational bands in the neutron rich Nd and Sm isotopes by a particle-number conserving method
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhen-Hua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rotational properties of the neutron rich Nd and Sm isotopes with mass number $A\approx150$ are systematically investigated using the cranked shell model with pairing correlations treated by a particle-number conserving method, in which the Pauli blocking effects are taken into account exactly. The 2-quasiparticle states in even-even Nd and Sm isotopes with excitation energies lower than 2.5~MeV are systematically calculated. The available data can be well reproduced and some possible 2 and 4-quasiparticle isomers are also suggested for future experiments. The experimentally observed rotational frequency variations of moments of inertia for the even-even and odd-$A$ nuclei are reproduced very well by the calculations. The effects of high-order deformation $\varepsilon_6$ on the 2-quasiparticle excitation energies and moments of inertia of the ground state bands in even-even Nd and Sm isotopes are analyzed in detail. By analyzing the occupation probability $n_μ$ of each cranked Nilsson orbitals near the Fermi surface and the contribution of each major shell to the angular momentum alignments, the alignment mechanism in these nuclei is understood clearly.
description: 25 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables
Models for Pedestrian Behavior
Creators: name: Helbing, Dirk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The behavior of pedestrians shows certain regularities, which can be described by quantitative (partly stochastic) models. The models are based on the behavior of individual pedestrians, which depends on the pedestrian intentions and on the aspects of movement. The pedestrian intentions concerning a sequence of destinations are influenced by the demand for certain kinds of commodities, by the location of stores selling these, and by the expenditures to get the required commodities. The actual pedestrian movement starts and ends at special city entry points like parking lots. It is guided by the pedestrian intentions, but is subject to deceleration processes and avoidance maneuvers due to obstacles. As a consequence, the pedestrians have to speed up to reach the next destination well-timed. In addition, the pedestrian behavior is influenced by unexpected attractions (e.g. street artists). The model for the behavior of individual pedestrians is an ideal starting point for computer simulations of pedestrian crowds. Such simulations take into account the limited capacity of pedestrian ways and places, and allow to determine an optimal design of pedestrian areas and an optimal arrangement of store locations. Therefore, they can be applied for town- and traffic-planning. The model for the behavior of individual pedestrians also allows the derivation of mathematical equations for pedestrian crowds and for pedestrian groups. Pedestrian crowds can be described by a stochastic formulation, by a gaskinetic formulation or by a fluiddynamic formulation. The gaskinetic formulation (mezoscopic level) can be derived from the stochastic formulation (microscopic level), and the fluiddynamic formulation (macroscopic level) from the gaskinetic formulation.
description: For related work see http://www.theo2.physik.uni-stuttgart.de/helbing.html
Supplementary Table 1: Zoo animal Information from Analysing the effects of distance, taxon, and biomass on vertebrate detections using bulk-collected carrion fly iDNA.
Creators: name: Fernandes, Kristen
name: Bateman, Philip W.
name: Saunders, Benjamin John
name: Gibberd, Mark
name: Bunce, Michael
name: Bohmann, Kristine
name: Nevill, Paul
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310399
subject: Ecology not elsewhere classified

description: List of animals, their biomass, and the number of sequences they were detected from (cumulatively from both primer sets). Also includes references from where biomass was calculated
Forward Electron-Phonon Scattering and HTS
Creators: name: Kulic, Miodrag L.
name: Dolgov, Oleg V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tunneling and point contact spectroscopy show clear phonon features and together with optic measurements give strong support that the electron-phonon interaction (EPI) is large in HTS oxides. Strong correlations in HTS oxides renormalize the EPI (and interaction with impurities) so that the forward scattering peak (FSP) develops for small hole doping δ<<1. The FSP mechanism explains important properties of the normal and superconducting state.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Water-borne hormone extraction and determination of corticosterone - tables from Stress response of fire salamander larvae differs between habitat types
Creators: name: Schulte, Laura
name: Oswald, Pia
name: Muehlenhaupt, Max
name: Ossendorf, Edith
name: Kruse, Sabine
name: Kaiser, Sylvia
name: Caspers, Barbara
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310399
subject: Ecology not elsewhere classified

description: Reference tables
Magneto-Transport in the Two-Dimensional Lorentz Gas
Creators: name: Kuzmany, Alexander
name: Spohn, Herbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the two-dimensional Lorentz gas with Poisson distributed hard disk scatterers and a constant magnetic field perpendicular to the plane of motion. The velocity autocorrelation is computed numerically over the full range of densities and magnetic fields with particular attention to the percolation threshold between hopping transport and pure edge currents. The Ohmic and Hall conductance are compared with mode-coupling theory and a recent generalized kinetic equation valid for low densities and small fields. We argue that the long time tail as $t^{-2}$ persists for non-zero magnetic field.
description: 7 pages, 14 figures. Uses RevTeX and epsfig.sty. Submitted to Physical Review E
Systematic Serendipity: A Test of Unsupervised Machine Learning as a Method for Anomaly Detection
Creators: name: Giles, Daniel
name: Walkowicz, Lucianne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Advances in astronomy are often driven by serendipitous discoveries. As survey astronomy continues to grow, the size and complexity of astronomical databases will increase, and the ability of astronomers to manually scour data and make such discoveries decreases. In this work, we introduce a machine learning-based method to identify anomalies in large datasets to facilitate such discoveries, and apply this method to long cadence lightcurves from NASA's Kepler Mission. Our method clusters data based on density, identifying anomalies as data that lie outside of dense regions. This work serves as a proof-of-concept case study and we test our method on four quarters of the Kepler long cadence lightcurves. We use Kepler's most notorious anomaly, Boyajian's Star (KIC 8462852), as a rare `ground truth' for testing outlier identification to verify that objects of genuine scientific interest are included among the identified anomalies. We evaluate the method's ability to identify known anomalies by identifying unusual behavior in Boyajian's Star, we report the full list of identified anomalies for these quarters, and present a sample subset of identified outliers that includes unusual phenomena, objects that are rare in the Kepler field, and data artifacts. By identifying <4% of each quarter as outlying data, we demonstrate that this anomaly detection method can create a more targeted approach in searching for rare and novel phenomena.
description: 21 pages, 10 figures, Submitted to MNRAS
General exact solution of the Einstein-Dirac equations with the cosmological constant in homogeneous space
Creators: name: Zhelnorovich, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The general exact solution of the Einstein-Dirac equations with cosmological constant in the homogeneous Riemannian space of the Bianchi 1 type is obtained.
description: 12 pages, RevTex, minor correction
IN-SYNC. VIII. Primordial Disk Frequencies in NGC 1333, IC 348, and the Orion A Molecular Cloud
Creators: name: Yao, Yuhan
name: Meyer, Michael R.
name: Covey, Kevin R.
name: Tan, Jonathan C.
name: Da Rio, Nicola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we address two issues related to primordial disk evolution in three clusters (NGC 1333, IC 348, and Orion A) observed by the INfrared Spectra of Young Nebulous Clusters (IN-SYNC) project. First, in each cluster, averaged over the spread of age, we investigate how disk lifetime is dependent on stellar mass. The general relation in IC 348 and Orion A is that primordial disks around intermediate mass stars (2--5$M_{\odot}$) evolve faster than those around loss mass stars (0.1--1$M_{\odot}$), which is consistent with previous results. However, considering only low mass stars, we do not find a significant dependence of disk frequency on stellar mass. These results can help to better constrain theories on gas giant planet formation timescales. Secondly, in the Orion A molecular cloud, in the mass range of 0.35--0.7$M_{\odot}$, we provide the most robust evidence to date for disk evolution within a single cluster exhibiting modest age spread. By using surface gravity as an age indicator and employing 4.5 $μm$ excess as a primordial disk diagnostic, we observe a trend of decreasing disk frequency for older stars. The detection of intra-cluster disk evolution in NGC 1333 and IC 348 is tentative, since the slight decrease of disk frequency for older stars is a less than 1-$σ$ effect.
description: 25 pages, 26 figures; submitted for publication (ApJ)
Relativistic Blastwaves and Synchrotron Emission
Creators: name: Downes, T. P.
name: Duffy, P.
name: Komissarov, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relativistic shocks accelerate particles by the first order Fermi mechanism. These particles then emit synchrotron emission in the post shock gas. We have developed a numerical code which integrates the relativistic Euler equations for fluid dynamics with a general equation of state, together with the Liouville equation for the accelerated particles. We present tests of this code and, in addition, we use it to study the gamma ray burst afterglow predicted by the fireball model, along with the hydrodynamics of a relativistic blastwave. We find that, while, broadly speaking, the behaviour of the emission is similar to that already predicted with semi-analytic approaches, the detailed behaviour is somewhat different. The ``breaks'' in the synchrotron spectrum behave differently with time, and the spectrum above the final break is harder than previously expected. These effects are due to the incorporation of the geometry of the (spherical) blastwave, along with relativistic beaming and adiabatic cooling of the energetic particles leading to a mix, in the observed spectrum, between recently injected "uncooled" particles and the older "cooled" population in different parts of the evolving, inhomogeneous flow.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS. Expanded discussion in section 5, more tests of the code, and other minor changes
SDSS-IV MaNGA: Environmental dependence of the Mgb/-sigma_* relation for nearby galaxies
Creators: name: Zheng, Zheng
name: Li, Cheng
name: Mao, Shude
name: Wang, Huiyuan
name: Liu, Chao
name: Mo, Houjun
name: Yuan, Zhen
name: Maraston, Claudia
name: Thomas, Daniel
name: Yan, Renbin
name: Bundy, Kevin
name: Long, R. J.
name: Parikh, Taniya
name: Oyarzun, Grecco
name: Bizyaev, Dmitry
name: Lacerna, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a sample of ~3000 galaxies from the MaNGA MPL-7 internal data release to study the alpha abundance distribution within low-redshift galaxies. We use the Lick index ratio Mgb/ as an alpha abundance indicator to study relationships between the alpha abundance distribution and galaxy properties such as effective stellar velocity dispersion within 0.3 effective radii (sigma_*), galaxy environment, and dark matter halo formation time (z_f). We find that (1) all galaxies show a tight correlation between Mgb/ and sigma_*; (2) `old' (H_beta < 3) low-sigma_* galaxies in high local density environment and inner regions within galaxy groups are enhanced in Mgb/, while `young' (H_beta>3) galaxies and high-mass galaxies show no or less environmental dependence; (3) `old' galaxies with high-z_f show enhanced Mgb/ over low- and medium-z_f; (4) Mgb/ gradients are close to zero and show dependence on sigma_* but no obvious dependence on the environment or z_f. Our study indicates that stellar velocity dispersion or galaxy mass is the main parameter driving the Mgb/ enhancement, although environments appear to have modest effects, particularly for low- and medium-mass galaxies.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Magneto-optical study of magnetic flux penetration into a current-carrying high-temperature superconductor strip
Creators: name: Gaevski, M. E.
name: Bobyl, A. V.
name: Shantsev, D. V.
name: Karmanenko, S. F.
name: Galperin, Y. M.
name: Johansen, T. H.
name: Baziljevich, M.
name: Bratsberg, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic flux distribution across a high-temperature superconductor strip is measured using magneto-optical imaging at 15 K. Both the current-carrying state and the remanent state after transport current are studied up to the currents 0.97 Ic where Ic is the critical current. To avoid overheating of the sample current pulses with duration 50 ms were employed. The results are compared with predictions of the Bean model for the thin strip geometry. In the current-carrying state, reasonable agreement is found. However, there is a systematic deviation -- the flux penetration is deeper than theoretically predicted. A much better agreement is achieved by accounting for flux creep as shown by our computer simulations. In the remanent state the Bean model fails to explain the experimental results. The results for the currents I < 0.7 Ic can be understood within the framework of our flux creep simulations. However, after the currents I > 0.7 Ic the total flux trapped in a strip is substantially less than predicted by the simulations. Furthermore, it decreases with increasing current. Excessive dissipation of power in the annihilation zone formed in the remanent state is believed to be the source of this unexpected behavior.
description: RevTeX, 11 pages with 10 Postscript figures
Equivalence between the ADM-Hamiltonian and the harmonic-coordinates approaches to the third post-Newtonian dynamics of compact binaries
Creators: name: Damour, Thibault
name: Jaranowski, Piotr
name: Schäfer, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The third post-Newtonian approximation to the general relativistic dynamics of two point-mass systems has been recently derived by two independent groups, using different approaches, and different coordinate systems. By explicitly exhibiting the map between the variables used in the two approaches we prove their physical equivalence. Our map allows one to transfer all the known results of the Arnowitt-Deser-Misner (ADM) approach to the harmonic-coordinates one: in particular, it gives the value of the harmonic-coordinates Lagrangian, and the expression of the ten conserved quantities associated to global Poincaré invariance.
description: REVTeX, 13 pages, corrected misprint (wrong sign) in Eq. (4.7), updated references
title: Konstruktion der ukrainischen nationalen Identität
Creators: name: Lazareva, Anna-Regina
Year: 2023

description: Diese Masterarbeit untersucht Herstellungsprozesse der ukrainischen nationalen Identität von 1991 bis zum Beginn des russischen Angriffskrieges am 24. Februar 2022. Mit einem konstruktivistischen Ansatz werden Identitätspolitiken, politische Ereignisse und Akteurskonstellationen, welche die ukrainische Identität seit der Unabhängigkeit geprägt haben, betrachtet. Dabei liegt der Fokus auf den Veränderungen in den Herstellungsprozessen der nationalen Identität infolge der militärischen Bedrohung durch Russland im Jahr 2014. Die Untersuchung konzentriert sich auf top-down Prozesse, berücksichtigt jedoch auch bottom-up Prozesse, die sich seit dem Krieg 2014 abzeichneten. Ziel dieser Masterarbeit ist es, potenzielle Auswirkungen (militärischer) Bedrohungen auf Dynamiken der nationalen Identitätskonstruktion herauszuarbeiten.
description: This master's thesis delves into the processes of national identity formation in Ukraine spanning from 1991 to the onset of the Russian aggression on February 24, 2022. Employing a constructivist lens, it explores identity politics, political events, and the constellations of actors that have shaped those processes since Ukraine’s independence. Emphasizing the alterations in the construction of national identity due to the Russian military threat in 2014, this thesis focuses on top-down processes while acknowledging emergent bottom-up processessince the 2014 conflict. The primary aim is to shed light on the potential effects of (military) threats on the dynamics of national identity construction.
Stochastic Modelling and Dynamic Analysis of Cardiovascular System with Rotary Left Ventricular Assist Devices
Creators: name: Son, Jeongeun
name: Du, Dongping
name: Du, Yuncheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The left ventricular assist device (LVAD) has been used for end-stage heart failure patients as a therapeutic option. The aortic valve plays a critical role in heart failure and its treatment with LVAD. The cardiovascular-LVAD model is often used to investigate the physiological demands required by patients and predict the hemodynamic of the native heart supported with a LVAD. As a bridge to recovery treatment, it is important to maintain appropriate and active dynamics of the aortic valve and the cardiac output of the native heart, which requires that the LVAD pump must be adjusted so that a proper balance between the blood contributed through the aortic valve and the pump is maintained. In this paper, our objective is to identify a critical value of the pump power to ensure that the LVAD pump does not take over the pumping function in the cardiovascular-pump system and share the ejected blood with left ventricle to help the heart to recover. In addition, hemodynamic often involves variability due to patients heterogeneity and the stochastic nature of cardiovascular system. The variability poses significant challenges to understand dynamic behaviors of the aortic valve and cardiac output. A generalized polynomial chaos (gPC) expansion is used in this work to develop a stochastic cardiovascular-pump model for efficient uncertainty propagation, from which it is possible to rapidly calculate the variance in the aortic valve opening duration and the cardiac output in the presence of variability. The simulation results show that the gPC based cardiovascular-pump model is a reliable platform that can provide useful information to understand the effect of LVAD pump on the hemodynamic of the heart.