cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Regionalizacja rolnictwa na świecie
Regionalization of Agriculture around the World
Creators: name: Rokicki, Tomasz
name: Golonko, Magdalena
name: Perkowska, Aleksandra
name: Rokicki, Tomasz
name: Golonko, Magdalena
name: Perkowska, Aleksandra
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: globalization
subject: regionalization of agriculture
subject: agricultural production around the world
subject: globalizacja
subject: regionalizacja rolnictwa
subject: produkcja rolnicza na świecie

description: The aim of the study was to assess the regionalization of agricultural production around the world and the changes that have occurred in this respect. The article presents the value of agricultural production in regions of the world defined by the continents. The source of the material was data from FAOSTAT. The period of research covered the years 2007-2014. The value of world agricultural production has steadily increased. Only at the time of the economic crisis in 2009 and in 2014 were declines seen in all areas other than Asia. There was a high concentration of agricultural production in Asia and Europe. There was a gradual relocation of production from Europe and North America to Asia and South America. These regularities have been confirmed also in the analysis of individual groups of agricultural products like cereals and animal products. At the same time, there was a very high concentration and a high degree of variation in agricultural production in the regions. Disproportions increased faster in food products than non-food products produced in agriculture. / Synopsis. Celem głównym badań była ocena regionalizacji produkcji rolniczej na świecie oraz występującym w tym aspekcie zmian. W artykule przedstawiono wartość produkcji rolnictwa w regionach świata określanych przez kontynenty. Źródłem materiałów były dane z FAOSTAT. Okres badań dotyczył lat 2007-2014. Wartość światowej produkcji rolniczej stale wzrastała. Jedynie w momencie kryzysu gospodarczego w 2009 roku oraz w 2014 roku zaobserwowano spadki we wszystkich obszarach poza Azją. Zauważono, że występowała duża koncentracja produkcji rolniczej, która była skupiona w Azji i Europie. Następowało stopniowe przenoszenie się produkcji z Europy i Ameryki Północnej do Azji i Ameryki Południowej. Prawidłowości te zostały potwierdzone również przy analizie poszczególnych grup produktów rolnych, jak zboża i produkty zwierzęce. Jednocześnie stwierdzono bardzo dużą koncentrację i występowanie dużego zróżnicowania produkcji rolniczej w regionach. Dysproporcje wzrastały szybciej w przypadku produktów żywnościowych niż nieżywnościowych wytworzonych w rolnictwie.
description: eISSN 2544-0659
On human behavior, human fulfillment, and the nature of the workplace
Creators: name: Wisman, Jon
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Many notable heterodox economists have viewed workplace democracy as essential for the realization of the Enlightenment ideals of liberty, equality, and community. Yet the economics profession has never given their ideal more than a passing and dismissive glance. The reasons for this have been well-covered in the literature. But one reason that has been all but ignored is that the theory of human behavior that is credited to Adam Smith’s Wealth of Nations and that has dominated economic thinking ever since is not supportive of workplace democracy. However, Smith developed a far richer theory of human behavior in his Theory of Moral Sentiments. His fuller theory depicted humans as fully social beings, in need of community. This article outlines the “social approbation” theory of human behavior that Smith developed in his Theory of Moral Sentiments and demonstrates how it is in accord with the findings of contemporary evolutionary psychology. It then examines the manner in which this theory suggests workplace democracy as the appropriate organizational form of control for society’s sphere of production.
Measuring and modelling concurrency
Creators: name: Stillwaggon, Eileen
name: Sawers, Larry
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This article is a review of the recent debate over the concurrency hypothesis—the proposition that overlapping sexual partnerships explain sub-Saharan Africa’s extraordinary HIV epidemics. Early efforts to model HIV epidemic dynamics and sexual networks substantially overstated the importance of concurrency. Recent models, including our own, show that concurrent sexual partners cannot explain contemporary HIV epidemics in eastern and southern Africa or track the early dramatic rise in HIV prevalence during the 1980s and 1990s. Survey data, including from recent surveys, show that the prevalence of concurrency is too low to explain the growth of HIV epidemics. The prevalence of concurrency and HIV do not correlate within or across countries or regions. Recent attempts to demonstrate such a correlation using the share of outside infections among total seroconversions in stable couples draws inferences that are not valid. Participants in the recent debate over concurrency disagree over the importance of coinfections in HIV epidemics in sub-Saharan Africa. Twenty-one recently published articles address the issue of concurrency. None them provides evidence for the concurrency hypothesis and many of them seriously erode the already weak case for the hypothesis. That finding has important implications for future research and HIV-prevention and treatment policy.
Local versus Global Knowledge in the Barabasi-Albert scale-free network model
Creators: name: Gomez-Gardenes, Jesus
name: Moreno, Yamir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The scale-free model of Barabasi and Albert gave rise to a burst of activity in the field of complex networks. In this paper, we revisit one of the main assumptions of the model, the preferential attachment rule. We study a model in which the PA rule is applied to a neighborhood of newly created nodes and thus no global knowledge of the network is assumed. We numerically show that global properties of the BA model such as the connectivity distribution and the average shortest path length are quite robust when there is some degree of local knowledge. In contrast, other properties such as the clustering coefficient and degree-degree correlations differ and approach the values measured for real-world networks.
description: Revtex format. Final version appeared in PRE
FM4SN: A Feature-Oriented Approach to Tenant-Driven Customization of Multi-Tenant Service Networks
Creators: name: Kumara, Indika
name: Han, Jun
name: Colman, Alan
name: Heuvel, Willem-Jan van den
name: Tamburri, Damian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In a multi-tenant service network, multiple virtual service networks (VSNs), one for each tenant, coexist on the same service network. The tenants themselves need to be able to dynamically create and customize their own VSNs to support their initial and changing functional and performance requirements. These tasks are problematic for them due to: 1) platform-specific knowledge required, 2) the existence of a large number of customization options and their dependencies, and 3) the complexity in deriving the right subset of options. In this paper, we present an approach to enable and simplify the tenant-driven customization of multi-tenant service networks. We propose to use feature as a high-level customization abstraction. A regulated collaboration among a set of services in the service network realizes a feature. A software engineer can design a customization policy for a service network using the mappings between features and collaborations, and enact the policy with the controller of the service network. A tenant can then specify the requirements for its VSN as a set of functional and performance features. A customization request from a tenant triggers the customization policy of the service network, which (re)configures the corresponding VSN at runtime to realize the selected features. We show the feasibility of our approach with two case studies and a performance evaluation.
Artificial electromagnetism for neutral atoms: Escher staircase and Laughlin liquids
Creators: name: Mueller, Erich J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how lasers may create fields which couple to neutral atoms in the same way that the electromagnetic fields couple to charged particles. These fields are needed for using neutral atoms as an analog quantum computer for simulating the properties of many-body systems of charged particles. They allow for seemingly paradoxical geometries, such as a ring where atoms continuously reduce their potential energy while moving in a closed path. We propose neutral atom experiments which probe quantum Hall effects and the interplay between magnetic fields and periodic potentials.
description: 4 pages, 1 color figure, RevTeX 4; v2 Revised introduction, additional references
Działanie PROW 2007-2013 „Różnicowanie działalności gospodarstw rolnych” jako czynnik wielofunkcyjnego rozwoju wsi i rolnictwa
RDP 2007-2013 Action „Diversification of Farm Activities” as an Instrument for Multifunctional Rural and Agricultural Development
Creators: name: Rudnicki, Roman
name: Biczkowski, Mirosław
name: Wiśniewski, Łukasz
name: Rudnicki, Roman
name: Biczkowski, Mirosław
name: Wiśniewski, Łukasz
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: differentiation of farm activity
subject: rural entrepreneurship
subject: multifunctionality of rural areas
subject: multifunctionality of agriculture
subject: EU funds
subject: RDP
subject: różnicowanie działalności gospodarstw rolnych
subject: przedsiębiorczość na wsi
subject: wielofunkcyjność wsi
subject: wielofunkcyjność rolnictwa
subject: fundusze UE
subject: PROW

description: The main objective of the article is to evaluate the "Diversification into non-agricultural activities" implemented under the RDP 2007-2013 as an instrument influencing the diversification of economic activity in the countryside, and thus strengthening the multifunctionality of farms and rural areas. This theme was motivated by the completion of the RDP 2007-2013 (formally closed and settled in 2016) and the need to summarize the effects of the aforementioned action and rate of its impact on the changes taking place in rural areas, primarily from the point of view of rural and agriculture multifunctional dimension. The study covered the whole country, while the basic spatial unit was the poviats, while the complementary regions. Data used in the work come from the Agency for Restructuring and Modernization of Agriculture and the Local Data Bank of the Central Statistical Office. The analysis was based on the number of requests made under this measure and the amount of funds raised. / Synopsis. Zasadniczym celem artykułu jest ocena wdrażanego w ramach PROW 2007-2013 działania „Różnicowanie w kierunku działalności nierolniczej” jako instrumencie wpływającym na dywersyfikację działalności gospodarczej na wsi, a tym samym na wzmacnianie wielofunkcyjności gospodarstw rolnych oraz obszarów wiejskich. Podjęcie powyższego tematu motywowane było zakończeniem wdrażania PROW 2007-2013 (formalnie zamknięty i rozliczony w 2016 r.) i potrzebą podsumowania efektów w/w działania oraz oceny jego oddziaływania na zmiany zachodzące na wsi, przede wszystkim z punktu widzenia przedsięwzięć zmierzających do nadania wsi i rolnictwu bardziej wielofunkcyjnego wymiaru. Badaniami objęto kraj, przy czym podstawową jednostką przestrzenną były powiaty, zaś uzupełniająco regiony. Dane wykorzystane w pracy pochodzą z Agencji Restrukturyzacji i Modernizacji Rolnictwa oraz BDL GUS. Analizy dokonano w oparciu o liczbę wniosków zrealizowanych w ramach wspomnianego działania oraz wielkości pozyskanych środków.
description: eISSN 2544-0659
Dynamics and geometric properties of the k-Trigonometric model
Creators: name: Zamponi, F.
name: Angelani, L.
name: Cugliandolo, L. F.
name: Kurchan, J.
name: Ruocco, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the dynamics and the geometric properties of the Potential Energy Surfaces (PES) of the k-Trigonometric Model (kTM), defined by a fully-connected k-body interaction. This model has no thermodynamic transition for k=1, a second order one for k=2, and a first order one for k>2. In this paper we i) show that the single particle dynamics can be traced back to an effective dynamical system (with only one degree of freedom); ii) compute the diffusion constant analytically; iii) determine analytically several properties of the self correlation functions apart from the relaxation times which we calculate numerically; iv) relate the collective correlation functions to the ones of the effective degree of freedom using an exact Dyson-like equation; v) using two analytical methods, calculate the saddles of the PES that are visited by the system evolving at fixed temperature. On the one hand we minimize |grad V|^2, as usually done in the numerical study of supercooled liquids and, on the other hand, we compute the saddles with minimum distance (in configuration space) from initial equilibrium configurations. We find the same result from the two calculations and we speculate that the coincidence might go beyond the specific model investigated here.
description: 36 pages, 13 figures
Climate-driven shifts in kelp forest composition reduce carbon sequestration potential
Creators: name: Wright, Luka Seamus
name: Pessarrodona, Albert
name: Foggo, Andy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biogeography
biogeography and macroecology
carbon budget uncertainty
carbon flux
Climate Change
climate change mitigation
elemental stoichiometry
C:N
decay
degradation
decomposition
Ecophysiology
photophysiology
ecophysiology
erosion rate
Laminariales
marine forest
biogeochemistry
range shift
kelp
detritus
photosynthesis
biochemistry
phenols
carbon turnover
carbon sequestration potential

description: The potential contribution of kelp forests to blue carbon sinks is currently of great interest but interspecific variance has received no attention. In the temperate Northeast Atlantic, kelp forest composition is changing due to climate-driven poleward range shifts of cold temperate Laminaria digitata and L. hyperborea and warm temperate L. ochroleuca. To understand how this might affect the carbon sequestration potential of this ecosystem, we quantified interspecific differences in carbon export and decomposition alongside changes in detrital photosynthesis and biochemistry. We found that while warm temperate kelp exports up to 71% more carbon per plant, it decomposes up to 155% faster than its boreal congeners. Elemental stoichiometry and polyphenolic content cannot fully explain faster carbon turnover, which may be attributable to contrasting tissue toughness or unknown biochemical and structural defences. Faster decomposition causes the detrital photosynthetic apparatus of L. ochroleuca to be overwhelmed 20 d after export and lose integrity after 36 d, while detritus of cold temperate species maintains carbon assimilation. Depending on the photoenvironment, detrital photosynthesis could further exacerbate interspecific differences in decomposition via a potential positive feedback loop. Through compositional change such as the predicted prevalence of L. ochroleuca, ocean warming may therefore reduce the carbon sequestration potential of such temperate marine forests.
description: Data are deposited as CSV files and can be opened with any data software. The code accompanying these data is deposited at github.com/lukaseamus/CSP alongside further usage information. We place no restrictions on data usage.
Cosmic Dynamics of Bose-Einstein Condensates
Creators: name: Lidsey, James E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A dynamical correspondence is established between positively curved, isotropic, perfect fluid cosmologies and quasi-two-dimensional, harmonically trapped Bose-Einstein condensates by mapping the equations of motion for both systems onto the one-dimensional Ermakov system. Parameters that characterize the physical properties of the condensate wavepacket, such as its width, momentum and energy, may be identified with the scale factor, Hubble expansion parameter and energy density of the universe, respectively. Different forms of cosmic matter correspond to different choices for the time-dependent trapping frequency of the condensate. The trapping frequency that mimics a radiation-dominated universe is determined.
description: 12 pages, no figures. Extended discussion. In Press, Classical and Quantum Gravity
Additional file 1 of Enhancing the monitoring of fallen stock at different hierarchical administrative levels: an illustration on dairy cattle from regions with distinct husbandry, demographical and climate traits
Creators: name: Fernández-Fontelo, Amanda
name: Puig, Pedro
name: Caceres, German
name: Romero, Luis
name: Revie, Crawford
name: Sanchez, Javier
name: Dorea, Fernanda C.
name: Alba-Casals, Ana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1: S1 Fig Illustration of hierarchical time series structures (hts).
Measuring and modelling concurrency
Creators: name: Stillwaggon, Eileen
name: Sawers, Larry
Publisher: name: Journal of the International AIDS Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This article is a review of the recent debate over the concurrency hypothesis—the proposition that overlapping sexual partnerships explain sub-Saharan Africa’s extraordinary HIV epidemics. Early efforts to model HIV epidemic dynamics and sexual networks substantially overstated the importance of concurrency. Recent models, including our own, show that concurrent sexual partners cannot explain contemporary HIV epidemics in eastern and southern Africa or track the early dramatic rise in HIV prevalence during the 1980s and 1990s. Survey data, including from recent surveys, show that the prevalence of concurrency is too low to explain the growth of HIV epidemics. The prevalence of concurrency and HIV do not correlate within or across countries or regions. Recent attempts to demonstrate such a correlation using the share of outside infections among total seroconversions in stable couples draws inferences that are not valid. Participants in the recent debate over concurrency disagree over the importance of coinfections in HIV epidemics in sub-Saharan Africa. Twenty-one recently published articles address the issue of concurrency. None them provides evidence for the concurrency hypothesis and many of them seriously erode the already weak case for the hypothesis. That finding has important implications for future research and HIV-prevention and treatment policy.
title: Seeking refuge : findings from an evaluation of the 'running - other choices' refuge
Creators: name: Malloch, Margaret S.
Publisher: name: Strathprints - University of Strathclyde
Year: 2006

description: Each year, a significant number of children and young people run away from, or are forced to leave, home. Research conducted by Wade (2001) estimated that approximately 9000 children run away from home in Scotland each year, with family conflict, abuse and problems at home cited as the main reasons. Rees and Lee (2005) indicated that one in six young runaways sleep rough, and one in 12 young runaways are hurt or harmed while running away. Alarmingly, Wade (2001) estimated that one in six young runaways in Scotland have been physically or sexually assaulted whilst away from home.
Knowgen Education Coffee Table on NEP.pdf
Creators: name: Roy, Suvendu Narayan
name: Soham Roy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Education

description:

The Project aims to analyse the NEP incorporating perspectives from stakeholders (not necessarily academians but also employing organizations/industry and current practitioners). Further it would review available secondary data from Govt and Non Govt sources. The Project is commissioned by Knowgen Education Services Pvt Ltd, a Kolkata, India based educating, consulting and research organization
Additional file 1 of Effects of date fruit (Phoenix dactylifera L.) on labor and delivery outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Alireza Bagherzadeh Karimi
name: Elmi, Asghar
name: Mirghafourvand, Mojgan
name: Roghaiyeh Baghervand Navid
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Appendix 1: Sample search strategy used for PubMed.
Rush to judgment : The STI-treatment trials and HIV in sub-Saharan Africa
Creators: name: Sawers, Larry
name: Stillwaggon, Eileen
Publisher: name: Journal of the International AIDS Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Introduction: The extraordinarily high incidence of HIV in sub-Saharan Africa led to the search for cofactor infections that could explain the high rates of transmission in the region. Genital inflammation and lesions caused by sexually transmitted infections (STIs) were a probable mechanism, and numerous observational studies indicated several STI cofactors. Nine out of the ten randomized controlled trials (RCTs), however, failed to demonstrate that treating STIs could lower HIV incidence. We evaluate all 10 trials to determine if their design permits the conclusion, widely believed, that STI treatment is ineffective in reducing HIV incidence. Discussion: Examination of the trials reveals critical methodological problems sufficient to account for statistically insignificant outcomes in nine of the ten trials. Shortcomings of the trials include weak exposure contrast, confounding, non-differential misclassification, contamination and effect modification, all of which consistently bias the results toward the null. In any future STI-HIV trial, ethical considerations will again require weak exposure contrast. The complexity posed by HIV transmission in the genital microbial environment means that any future STI-HIV trial will face confounding, non-differential misclassification and effect modification. As a result, it is unlikely that additional trials would be able to answer the question of whether STI control reduces HIV incidence. Conclusions: Shortcomings in published RCTs render invalid the conclusion that treating STIs and other cofactor infections is ineffective in HIV prevention. Meta-analyses of observational studies conclude that STIs can raise HIV transmission efficiency two- to fourfold. Health policy is always implemented under uncertainty. Given the known benefits of STI control, the irreparable harm from not treating STIs and the likely decline in HIV incidence resulting from STI control, it is appropriate to expand STI control programmes and to use funds earmarked for HIV prevention to finance those programmes.
Konkurencyjność przestrzenna rolnictwa w krajach Unii Europejskiej
Spatial Competitiveness of Agriculture in European Union Countries
Creators: name: Tłuczak, Agnieszka
name: Tłuczak, Agnieszka
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: competitiveness, agriculture
subject: Esteban-Marquillas
subject: European Union
subject: konkurencyjność
subject: rolnictwo

description: The aim of this study is to present the competitiveness of agriculture in the EU countries. The results are based on the Esteban-Marquillas competitiveness model, which allows the diagnosis of a region's production potential. In particular, this analysis allows identification of specialized regions and the nature of structural changes in the examined phenomenon. The study was conducted on the basis of data on the volume of agricultural crop and animal production and their subspecies. All data was taken from the databases of the Central Statistical Office. The study covers the years 2004-2014. / Synopsis. Celem opracowania jest zbadanie relacji między poziomem konkurencyjności rolnictwa w poszczególnych krajach Unii Europejskiej a przeciętną wielkością produkcji rolnej z 1 ha użytków rolnych. Dodatkowo w pracy podjęto próbę określenia charakteru przestrzennych zmian wielkości produkcji rolnej w podziale na sektory. Wyniki opracowano na podstawie metody zmian konkurencyjności Estebana-Marquillasa, która pozwala na diagnostykę potencjału produkcyjnego rolnictwa regionu. W szczególności analiza ta pozwoliła na wskazanie regionów wyspecjalizowanych oraz charakteru zmian strukturalnych w zakresie badanego zjawiska. Badania przeprowadzono na podstawie danych dotyczących wielkości produkcji rolnej, w podziale na roślinną i zwierzęcą i ich podgatunki. Wszelkie dane zaczerpnięto z baz danych Głównego Urzędu Statystycznego. Badania obejmują lata 2005-2014.
description: eISSN 2544-0659
Internet's Critical Path Horizon
Creators: name: Valverde, Sergi
name: Sole, Ricard V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Internet is known to display a highly heterogeneous structure and complex fluctuations in its traffic dynamics. Congestion seems to be an inevitable result of user's behavior coupled to the network dynamics and it effects should be minimized by choosing appropriate routing strategies. But what are the requirements of routing depth in order to optimize the traffic flow? In this paper we analyse the behavior of Internet traffic with a topologically realistic spatial structure as described in a previous study (S-H. Yook et al. ,Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, {\bf 99} (2002) 13382). The model involves self-regulation of packet generation and different levels of routing depth. It is shown that it reproduces the relevant key, statistical features of Internet's traffic. Moreover, we also report the existence of a critical path horizon defining a transition from low-efficient traffic to highly efficient flow. This transition is actually a direct consequence of the web's small world architecture exploited by the routing algorithm. Once routing tables reach the network diameter, the traffic experiences a sudden transition from a low-efficient to a highly-efficient behavior. It is conjectured that routing policies might have spontaneously reached such a compromise in a distributed manner. Internet would thus be operating close to such critical path horizon.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures. To appear in European Journal of Physics B (2004)
MAKE_IN_INDIA_RKWITHAPPENDICES.pdf
Creators: name: Roy, Suvendu Narayan
name: Soham Roy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 150301 Business Information Management (incl. Records, Knowledge and Information Management, and Intelligence)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 159999 Commerce, Management, Tourism and Services not elsewhere classified

description: As per the Government of India, there are five countries whose collaboration is required for the successful realisation of the “Make In India” Initiative- the United States of America, Japan, United Arab Emirates, Germany and France (Make In India, 2020). With active assistance from countries, the Government of India intends to make this project successful. Through utilising strong business relations with this country, the Government has taken initiatives of inviting foreign direct investment in manufacturing sector. Coca-Cola, GoodYear, Yamaha, Suzuki, Honda, Nissan, Drake &Scull, Volkswagen, Rafale, Renault and others are regarded as important players in manufacturing sector of India. Focus on strategic partnership and trade relationship with these countries are the areas to be accentuated for successfully implementing “Make In India” initiative of the Government of India.This 35-page detailed report is a result of a special study commissioned by Knowgen Education Services Pvt Ltd, a private research and consulting organization. The scope of the study was to explore the viability of the “Make In India” initiative through available data along with empirical evidence. The study also researched the impact of COVID-19 on the ““Make In India”.”
Rush to judgment : The STI-treatment trials and HIV in sub-Saharan Africa
Creators: name: Sawers, Larry
name: Stillwaggon, Eileen
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Introduction: The extraordinarily high incidence of HIV in sub-Saharan Africa led to the search for cofactor infections that could explain the high rates of transmission in the region. Genital inflammation and lesions caused by sexually transmitted infections (STIs) were a probable mechanism, and numerous observational studies indicated several STI cofactors. Nine out of the ten randomized controlled trials (RCTs), however, failed to demonstrate that treating STIs could lower HIV incidence. We evaluate all 10 trials to determine if their design permits the conclusion, widely believed, that STI treatment is ineffective in reducing HIV incidence. Discussion: Examination of the trials reveals critical methodological problems sufficient to account for statistically insignificant outcomes in nine of the ten trials. Shortcomings of the trials include weak exposure contrast, confounding, non-differential misclassification, contamination and effect modification, all of which consistently bias the results toward the null. In any future STI-HIV trial, ethical considerations will again require weak exposure contrast. The complexity posed by HIV transmission in the genital microbial environment means that any future STI-HIV trial will face confounding, non-differential misclassification and effect modification. As a result, it is unlikely that additional trials would be able to answer the question of whether STI control reduces HIV incidence. Conclusions: Shortcomings in published RCTs render invalid the conclusion that treating STIs and other cofactor infections is ineffective in HIV prevention. Meta-analyses of observational studies conclude that STIs can raise HIV transmission efficiency two- to fourfold. Health policy is always implemented under uncertainty. Given the known benefits of STI control, the irreparable harm from not treating STIs and the likely decline in HIV incidence resulting from STI control, it is appropriate to expand STI control programmes and to use funds earmarked for HIV prevention to finance those programmes.
Potrzeby i kierunki wspierania innowacyjności w agrobiznesie
Needs and Directions for Supporting Innovation in Agribusiness
Creators: name: Wiatrak, Andrzej Piotr
name: Wiatrak, Andrzej Piotr
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: agribusiness
subject: innovation process
subject: innovation policy
subject: agrobiznes
subject: proces innowacyjny
subject: polityka innowacyjna

description: Aim of this article was to identify innovative needs in agribusiness and their determinants and predicted directions of their implementation This study discusses the following issues: characteristics of basic concepts of innovation and their interrelationships, innovation needs of agribusiness and their determinants, directions of supporting innovation in agribusiness by EU policy and directions of supporting innovation in agribusiness by policy in Poland. Considerations shows that innovation should be considered broadly, taking into account the level of innovation so far, the needs for innovation, the innovation process and its conditioning and the adoption of them as a basis for setting the direction of innovation and agribusiness innovation policy. This article is based on the literature of the subject and documents and materials related to EU and Polish innovation policy. / Synopsis. Celem artykułu było określenie potrzeb innowacyjnych w agrobiznesie i ich uwarunkowań oraz przewidywanych kierunków ich realizacji. Na treść artykułu składają się następujące zagadnienia: charakterystyka podstawowych pojęć z zakresu innowacyjności i ich powiązania ze sobą, potrzeby innowacyjne agrobiznesu i ich uwarunkowania, kierunki wspierania innowacyjności w agrobiznesie przez politykę Unii Europejskiej oraz kierunki wspierania innowacyjności w agrobiznesie przez politykę w Polsce. Z przeprowadzonych rozważań wynika, że innowacyjność należy rozpatrywać szeroko, biorąc pod uwagę dotychczasowy poziom innowacyjności, potrzeby w zakresie innowacji, proces innowacyjny i jego uwarunkowania oraz przyjęcia ich jako podstawy wyznaczania kierunków innowacji i polityki innowacyjnej w agrobiznesie. Artykuł przygotowano na podstawie literatury przedmiotu oraz dokumentów i materiałów dotyczących polityki innowacyjnej UE i Polski.
description: eISSN 2544-0659
Quantile Regression Analysis on Sex Wage Difference
Creators: name: YAN Qi
name: YAN Qi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Quantile regression, Sex wage difference, Ceiling effect, Floor effect

description: Based on the investigation data of social position of national women in the third phase by National Women's Federation and National Bureau of Statistics in 2010, regression analysis on sex wage difference is conducted. It is divided into two parts. The first part is the impact on wage by sex, and it is divided into whole country, eastern, central and western regions. The second part is the impact on wage by different education backgrounds. It tries to explore sex wage difference situation at different positions of wage distribution, study if there exists “ceiling effect” or “floor effect” in population’s wage distribution situation, sex wage difference situation in eastern, central and western regions and the education’s impact on future income situations of men and women.
The Detectors of the Mu2e Experiment
Creators: name: Giovannella, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Mu2e experiment aims to test Charge Lepton Flavour Violation to an unprecedented level, enhancing the current sensitivity by four orders of magnitude for the neutrinoless conversion of muons into electrons. A series of graded solenoids convey an intense, pulsed muon beam to an aluminum target. The main detector components are a low mass straw drift tubes tracker, a pure Cesium Iodide calorimeter and an extruded plastic scintillator cosmic ray veto. Requirements, tests on prototypes and status of the production will be discussed.
description: 10 pages, 13 figures, contribution to the proceedings of 15th Topical Seminar on Innovative Particle and Radiation Detectors (IPRD19)
Semi-classical Probe Strings on Giant Gravitons Backgrounds
Creators: name: Alishahiha, M.
name: Ebrahim, H.
name: Safarzadeh, B.
name: Sheikh-Jabbari, M. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the first part of this paper we study two $Z_2$ symmetries of the LLM metric, both of which exchange black and white regions. One of them which can be interpreted as the particle-hole symmetry is the symmetry of the whole supergravity solution while the second one is just the symmetry of the metric and changes the sign of the fivefrom flux. In the second part of the paper we use closed string probes and their semi-classical analysis to compare the two 1/2 BPS deformations of $AdS_5\times S^5$, the smooth LLM geometry which contains localized giant gravitons and the superstar case which is a solution with naked singularity corresponding to smeared giants. We discuss the realization of the $Z_2$ symmetry in the semi-classical closed string probes point of view.
description: 29 pages, 6 .eps figures; v2: References added
A Study on Cost Control of Agricultural Water Conservancy Projects Based on Activity-based Costing
Creators: name: TANG Tiantian
name: TANG Tiantian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Activity-based costing, Agricultural water conservancy projects, Cost control

description: Based on the theory of activity-based costing and the idea of value chain, activity optimization and cost control are carried out on the whole construction process of agricultural water conservancy projects. Through the use of literature review, case analysis and statistical analysis and other methods, with agricultural water conservancy projects as the research object, and comparing activity-based costing with the traditional model of cost accounting, the writer carries out the corresponding value chain analysis, and comes to the following conclusion: the statistical calculation and analysis of the entire construction process based on activity-based costing can accurately and effectively control the costs of water conservancy projects. Through the use of activity-based costing, the cost data of agricultural water conservancy projects is more detailed and accurate, and cost management personnel can also find non-value-added activities, optimize the enterprise’s value chain and achieve cost control objectives through the analysis of the activity chain and value chain of agricultural water conservancy projects.
Green Twins, when digital twins meet agriculture
Creators: name: Bourriz, Mohamed
name: Tahri, Oussama
name: Bounoua, Ismail
name: Saidi, Youssef
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 300208
subject: Farm management, rural management and agribusiness
classificationCode: 300210
subject: Sustainable agricultural development

description: Digital twins in greenhouses offer a transformative approach to precision agriculture by creating virtual replicas of physical environments, integrating data from sensors to monitor and control crucial parameters like temperature, humidity, and soil conditions. These digital representations enable real-time analysis and optimization of the greenhouse climate, allowing for automated adjustments to lighting, irrigation, and ventilation systems.
The evolution substructure I: a new identification method
Creators: name: Gill, Stuart P. D.
name: Knebe, Alexander
name: Gibson, Brad K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe our new "MLAPM-halo-finder" (MHF) which is based on the adaptive grid structure of the N-body code MLAPM. We then extend the MHF code in order to track the orbital evolution of gravitationally bound objects through any given cosmological N-body simulation - our so-called "MLAPM-halo-tracker" (MHT). The mode of operation of MHT is demonstrated using a series of eight high-resolution N-body simulations of galaxy clusters. Each of these halos hosts more than one million particles within their virial radii Rvir. We use MHT as well as MHF to follow the temporal evolution of hundreds of individual satellites, and show that the radial distribution of these substructure satellites follows a "universal" radial distribution irrespective of the host halo's environment and formation history. This in fact might pose another problem for simulations of CDM structure formation as there are recent findings by Taylor et al. (2003) that the Milky Way satellites are found preferentially closer to the galactic centre and simulations underestimate the amount of central substructure, respectively. Further, this universal substructure profile is anti-biased with respect to the underlying dark matter profile. Both the halo finder MHF and the halo tracker MHT will become part of the open source MLAPM distribution.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures, MNRAS in press, the halo finder MHF is available from http://astronomy.swin.edu.au/MLAPM
QUALITY OF WORK LIFE (2).docx
Creators: name: Roy, Suvendu Narayan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 159999 Commerce, Management, Tourism and Services not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: In contemporary period, the success of a business is gauged in consideration of different parameters. Size of assets is the chief success criteria that are required to be met by businesses operating across diversified industries. Hospitality, healthcare, information technology and retail-the presence of these industries has been widened and widespread with the substantial growth in the size of assets. Here, the concept of asset is not circumscribed into cash, inventory or other office accessories. Workforce is also considered as an asset on which organisations need to invest since they are of future economic value.
Growth of Supermassive Black Hole Seeds in ETG Star-Forming Progenitors: Multiple Merging of Stellar Compact Remnants via Gaseous Dynamical Friction and Gravitational Wave Emission
Creators: name: Boco, L.
name: Lapi, A.
name: Danese, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new mechanism for the growth of supermassive black hole (BH) seeds in the star-forming progenitors of local early-type galaxies (ETGs) at $z\gtrsim 1$. This envisages the migration and merging of stellar compact remnants (neutron stars and stellar-mass BHs) via gaseous dynamical friction toward the central high-density regions of such galaxies. We show that, under reasonable assumptions and initial conditions, the process can build up central BH masses of order $10^4-10^6\, M_\odot$ within some $10^7$ yr, so effectively providing heavy seeds before standard disk (Eddington-like) accretion takes over to become the dominant process for further BH growth. Remarkably, such a mechanism may provide an explanation, alternative to super-Eddington accretion rates, for the buildup of billion solar masses BHs in quasar hosts at $z\gtrsim 7$, when the age of the Universe $\lesssim 0.8$ Gyr constitutes a demanding constraint; moreover, in more common ETG progenitors at redshift $z\sim 2-6$ it can concur with disk accretion to build such large BH masses even at moderate Eddington ratios $\lesssim 0.3$ within the short star-formation duration $\lesssim$ Gyr of these systems. Finally, we investigate the perspectives to detect the merger events between the migrating stellar remnants and the accumulating central supermassive BH via gravitational wave emission with future ground and space-based detectors such as the Einstein Telescope (ET) and the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA).
description: 19 pages, 8 Figures. Accepted by ApJ
HR and Marketing Interface in Indian FMCG Industry
Creators: name: Roy, Suvendu Narayan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 150305 Human Resources Management
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 150506 Marketing Theory
subject: 150503 Marketing Management (incl. Strategy and Customer Relations)

description: This article is about the HR-Marketing interface in FMCG industry in India. In this article, it is shown how HR and Marketing collaborate and co-ordinate with each other for improving corporate revenue. The different aspects of HR-Marketing interface have been highlighted while making up the diametrical article. In addition, effective recommendations have been developed with the objective of improving HR-Marketing interface in Indian FMCG industry.
Strategies for Natural Rubber Production and Development in China
Creators: name: HUANG Huide
name: LIU  JIng
name: HUANG Haolun
name: HUANG Huide
name: LIU  JIng
name: HUANG Haolun
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Natural rubber, Production, Development, Strategies

description: The world's natural rubber output was 12.31 million t and the consumption reached 12.17 million t in 2015. China's natural rubber output was 0.85 million t and the consumption reached 4.724 million t in 2016. Southeast Asian countries are the main natural rubber producing countries, and ITRC policy affects the natural rubber prices. During 2017-2025, the supply of natural rubber in the world is expected to be abundant to meet downstream demand. Based on natural conditions for rubber planting and production costs, China's rubber production should place emphasis on developing Class I rubber production area, strengthening Class II rubber production area and adjusting Class III rubber production area. It is recommended to build high-output rubber plantations in Class I rubber production area in Xishuangbanna; choose rubber farms with good conditions in Class II rubber production area and build high-quality rubber production base as the dedicated production raw material base for aviation rubber; expand the Southeast Asia rubber production belt for development of natural rubber industry.
Green Twins, when digital twins meet agriculture.pdf
Creators: name: Bourriz, Mohamed
name: Tahri, Oussama
name: Bounoua, Ismail
name: Saidi, Youssef
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 300208
subject: Farm management, rural management and agribusiness
classificationCode: 300210
subject: Sustainable agricultural development

description: Digital twins in greenhouses offer a transformative approach to precision agriculture by creating virtual replicas of physical environments, integrating data from sensors to monitor and control crucial parameters like temperature, humidity, and soil conditions. These digital representations enable real-time analysis and optimization of the greenhouse climate, allowing for automated adjustments to lighting, irrigation, and ventilation systems.
COST LEADERSHIP STRATEGY ENHANCING COMPETITIVENESS: A CRITICAL STUDY ON MNC RETAILS
Creators: name: Roy, Suvendu Narayan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 150201 Finance
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: In generic strategy, cost is treated as an important strategic element. An effective cost control helps to reach the targeted cost, which is the most important part of cost leadership. For example, Walmart is one of the largest companies in the world, which has advertised slogans, such as “always-low prices” and “save money, life better”. These communicate the emphasis of the said company on price slashing to potential customers. One of the important challenges to the financial management is to show the ability to charge low price, but to make a profit. Nowadays, a few cost leaders is spending little on brand promotion and research and focusing on the achievement of high sales growth through charging lower price. This study, based on secondary evidences and case-based illustrations, has hypothesized that COST LEADERSHIP STRATEGY have most important role to play when it comes to making impact on competitiveness. In this research study, three hypotheses have analytically and critically been illustrated and tested with references to scholarly sources-positive impact of financial decisions upon business performance, strategic implementation of cost leadership and quality for effective implementation of financial decisions and lesser priority of increased allocation on brand promotion for the augmentation of business’ profitable growth. Findings have been discussed with regards to the case studies of three organisations, Aldi, Walmart and Jerónimo Martins and based on the findings; application of hypotheses has critically been discussed. 