cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
RadonPy: Automated Physical Property Calculation using All-atom Classical Molecular Dynamics Simulations for Polymer Informatics
Creators: name: Hayashi, Yoshihiro
name: Shiomi, Junichiro
name: Morikawa, Junko
name: Yoshida, Ryo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rapid growth of data-driven materials research has made it necessary to develop systematically designed, open databases of material properties. However, there are few open databases for polymeric materials compared to other material systems such as inorganic crystals. To this end, we developed RadonPy, the world-first open-source Python library for fully automated all-atom classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. For a given polymer repeating unit, the entire process of molecular modeling, equilibrium and nonequilibrium MD calculations, and property calculations can be conducted fully automatically. In this study, 15 different properties, including the thermal conductivity, density, specific heat capacity, thermal expansion coefficients, and refractive index, were calculated for more than 1,000 unique amorphous polymers. The calculated properties were compared and validated systematically with experimental values from PoLyInfo. During the high-throughput data production, eight amorphous polymers with extremely high thermal conductivities, exceeding 0.4 W/mK, were identified, including six polymers with unreported thermal conductivities. These polymers were found to have a high density of hydrogen bonding units or rigid backbones. A decomposition analysis of the heat conduction, which is implemented in RadonPy, revealed the underlying mechanisms that yield a high thermal conductivity of the amorphous polymers: heat transfer via hydrogen bonds and dipole-dipole interactions between the polymer chains with their hydrogen bonding units or via the covalent bonds of the polymer backbone with high rigidity. The creation of massive amounts of computational property data using RadonPy will facilitate the development of polymer informatics, similar to how the emergence of the first-principles computational database for inorganic crystals had significantly advanced materials informatics.
description: 42 pages, 13 figures
Application of the Principle of Maximum Conformality to the Top-Quark Charge Asymmetry at the LHC
Creators: name: Wang, Sheng-Quan
name: Wu, Xing-Gang
name: Si, Zong-Guo
name: Brodsky, Stanley J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Principle of Maximum Conformality (PMC) provides a systematic and process-independent method to derive renormalization scheme- and scale- independent fixed-order pQCD predictions. In Ref.\cite{pmc3}, we studied the top-quark charge asymmetry at the Tevatron. By applying the PMC, we have shown that the large discrepancies for the top-quark charge asymmetry between the Standard Model estimate and the CDF and D0 data are greatly reduced. In the present paper, with the help of the Bernreuther-Si program, we present a detailed PMC analysis on the top-quark pair production up to next-to-next-to-leading order level at the LHC. After applying PMC scale setting, the pQCD prediction for the top-quark charge asymmetry at the LHC has very small scale uncertainty; e.g., $A_{\rm C}|_{\rm 7 TeV;PMC} =\left(1.15^{+0.01}_{-0.03}\right)\%$, $A_{\rm C}|_{\rm 8 TeV;PMC} =\left(1.03^{+0.01}_{+0.00}\right)\%$, and $A_{\rm C}|_{\rm 14 TeV;PMC} =\left(0.62^{+0.00}_{-0.02}\right)\%$. The corresponding predictions using conventional scale setting are: $A_{\rm C}|_{\rm 7 TeV;Conv.} =\left(1.23^{+0.14}_{-0.14}\right)\%$, $A_{\rm C}|_{\rm 8 TeV;Conv.} =\left(1.11^{+0.17}_{-0.13}\right)\%$, and $A_{\rm C}|_{\rm 14 TeV;Conv.} =\left(0.67^{+0.05}_{-0.05}\right)\%$. In these predictions, the scale errors are predicted by varying the initial renormalization and factorization scales in the ranges $μ^{\rm init}_r\in[m_t/2,2m_t]$ and $μ_f\in[m_t/2,2m_t]$. The PMC predictions are also in better agreement with the available ATLAS and CMS data. In addition, we have calculated the top-quark charge asymmetry assuming several typical cuts on the top-pair invariant mass $M_{t\bar{t}}$. For example, assuming $M_{t\bar{t}}>0.5 ~ {\rm TeV}$ and $μ_f=μ^{\rm init}_r =m_t$, we obtain $A_{\rm C}|_{\rm 7 TeV;PMC}=2.67\%$, $A_{\rm C}|_{\rm 8 TeV;PMC}=2.39\%$, and $A_{\rm C}|_{\rm 14 TeV;PMC}=1.28\%$.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures. Discussion improved
Navigation with Probabilistic Safety Constraints: Convex Formulation
Creators: name: Moyalan, Joseph
name: Chen, Yongxin
name: Vaidya, Umesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the problem of navigation with safety constraints. The safety constraints are probabilistic, where a given set is assigned a degree of safety, a number between zero and one, with zero being safe and one being unsafe. The deterministic unsafe set will arise as a particular case of the proposed probabilistic description of safety. We provide a convex formulation to the navigation problem with probabilistic safety constraints. The convex formulation is made possible by lifting the navigation problem in the dual space of density using linear transfer operator theory methods involving Perron-Frobenius and Koopman operators. The convex formulation leads to an infinite-dimensional feasibility problem for probabilistic safety verification and control design. The finite-dimensional approximation of the optimization problem relies on the data-driven approximation of the linear transfer operator.
A Risk-Driven Probabilistic Approach to Quantify Resilience in Power Distribution Systems
Creators: name: Poudyal, Abodh
name: Dubey, Anamika
name: Poudel, Shiva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: It is of growing concern to ensure resilience in power distribution systems to extreme weather events. However, there are no clear methodologies or metrics available for resilience assessment that allows system planners to assess the impact of appropriate planning measures and new operational procedures for resilience enhancement. In this paper, we propose a resilience metric using parameters that define system attributes and performance. To represent extreme events (tail probability), the conditional value-at-risk of each of the parameters are combined using Choquet Integral to evaluate the overall resilience. The effectiveness of the proposed resilience metric is studied within the simulation-based framework under extreme weather scenarios with the help of a modified IEEE 123-bus system. With the proposed framework, system operators will have additional flexibility to prioritize one investment over the others to enhance the resilience of the grid.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, accepted in 17th International Conference on Probabilistic Methods Applied to Power Systems, PMAPS 2022
Random matrix analysis of deep neural network weight matrices
Creators: name: Thamm, Matthias
name: Staats, Max
name: Rosenow, Bernd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Neural networks have been used successfully in a variety of fields, which has led to a great deal of interest in developing a theoretical understanding of how they store the information needed to perform a particular task. We study the weight matrices of trained deep neural networks using methods from random matrix theory (RMT) and show that the statistics of most of the singular values follow universal RMT predictions. This suggests that they are random and do not contain system specific information, which we investigate further by comparing the statistics of eigenvector entries to the universal Porter-Thomas distribution. We find that for most eigenvectors the hypothesis of randomness cannot be rejected, and that only eigenvectors belonging to the largest singular values deviate from the RMT prediction, indicating that they may encode learned information. In addition, a comparison with RMT predictions also allows to distinguish networks trained in different learning regimes - from lazy to rich learning. We analyze the spectral distribution of the large singular values using the Hill estimator and find that the distribution cannot in general be characterized by a tail index, i.e. is not of power law type.
description: 16 pages, 14 figures, updated version
The Impact of Antidepressant Treatment on Cognitive Functioning in Depressed Patients with Parkinson’s Disease
Creators: name: Mark, Margery H.
name: Dobkin, Roseanne DeFronzo
name: Marin, Humberto
name: Dicke, Allison
name: Gara, Michael
name: Menza, Matthew
name: Tröster, Alexander
name: Bienfait, Karina L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Depression is associated with more rapid cognitive decline in Parkinson’s disease (PD). The goal of this study was to examine the impact of the acute (8-week) and longer-term (24- week) antidepressant treatment on cognition in PD and to detail cognitive predictors of treatment response. Fifty-two depressed PD patients were enrolled in an NIH funded randomized-controlled trial of nortriptyline, paroxetine, and placebo. Neuropsychological testing was performed at baseline, and weeks eight and twenty-four. Higher baseline scores on measures of executive functioning, speed of processing, and verbal memory were associated with antidepressant response. Treatment responders did not exhibit larger gains in cognition than non-responders. Findings warrant replication.
Towards generalized cohomology Schubert calculus via formal root polynomials
Creators: name: Lenart, Cristian
name: Zainoulline, Kirill
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14M15, 14F43, 55N20, 55N22, 19L47, 05E99

description: An important combinatorial result in equivariant cohomology and $K$-theory Schubert calculus is represented by the formulas of Billey and Graham-Willems for the localization of Schubert classes at torus fixed points. These formulas work uniformly in all Lie types, and are based on the concept of a root polynomial. In this paper we define formal root polynomials associated with an arbitrary formal group law (and thus a generalized cohomology theory). We focus on the case of the hyperbolic formal group law (corresponding to elliptic cohomology). We study some of the properties of formal root polynomials. We give applications to the efficient computation of the transition matrix between two natural bases of the formal Demazure algebra in the hyperbolic case. As a corollary, we rederive in a transparent and uniform manner the formulas of Billey and Graham-Willems. We also prove the corresponding formula in connective $K$-theory, which seems new, and a duality result in this case. Other applications, including some related to the computation of Bott-Samelson classes in elliptic cohomology, are also discussed.
description: 20pp, several minor typos and mistakes were corrected; references updated; the analogue of the Billey-Graham-Willems formula and the respective duality result for connective K-theory was added
A tool for assessing the climate change mitigation and health impacts of environmental policies: the Cities Rapid Assessment Framework for Transformation (CRAFT)
Creators: name: Symonds, Phil
name: Milner, James
name: Rayeni, Nahid Mohajeri Pour
name: Aplin, Juliette
name: Hale, Jo
name: Lloyd, Simon J
name: HENRY FREMONT
name: Younkin, Sam
name: Shrubsole, Clive
name: Robertson, Lawrie
name: Taylor, Jonathon
name: Nici Zimmermann
name: Wilkinson, Paul
name: Davies, Mike
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90702 Environmental Engineering Modelling
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering

description: Supplementary File 2. This file contains estimated impact on health (i.e. theoretical premature number of deaths avoided in one year) and CO2 emissions due to ten key policy actions in London without interactions between policies)
D8.4 - REACT Market Analysis
Creators: name: Messervey, Thomas
name: Momi, Sara
name: Barbero, Cristina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: This plan includes an analysis of the market context for the solutions identified in REACT. It consists of a multi-level and multi-disciplinary analysis (e.g., PESTLE; Stakeholders’ Mapping; focus on key technological and digital assets and competitors; leading initiatives at EU and global level supporting the sustainable energy transition of geographical islands).
Discovering Spike Patterns in Neuronal Responses
Creators: name: Fellous, J.-M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: When a cortical neuron is repeatedly injected with the same fluctuating current stimulus (frozen noise) the timing of the spikes is highly precise from trial to trial and the spike pattern appears to be unique. We show here that the same repeated stimulus can produce more than one reliable temporal pattern of spikes. A new method is introduced to find these patterns in raw multitrial data and is tested on surrogate data sets. Using it, multiple coexisting spike patterns were discovered in pyramidal cells recorded from rat prefrontal cortex in vitro, in data obtained in vivo from the middle temporal area of the monkey (Buracas et al., 1998) and from the cat lateral geniculate nucleus (Reinagel and Reid, 2002). The spike patterns lasted from a few tens of milliseconds in vitro to several seconds in vivo. We conclude that the prestimulus history of a neuron may influence the precise timing of the spikes in response to a stimulus over a wide range of time scales.
Extracting femtoscopic radii in the presence of significant additional correlation sources
Creators: name: Graczykowski, Łukasz Kamil
name: Kisiel, Adam
name: Janik, Małgorzata Anna
name: Karczmarczyk, Przemysław
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Large Hadron Collider has provided large amounts of data on collisions of small systems, such as proton-proton and proton-lead at unprecedented collision energies. Their space-time size and structure can be inferred from the measurement of the femtoscopic correlations for pairs of identical particles. The analysis is complicated by the presence of significant additional sources of two-particle correlations, which influence the correlation function in the region of the femtoscopic effect. In this work we use p-Pb events generated in a model that includes such additional correlation sources to characterize them and propose a robust method of taking them into account in the extraction of the femtoscopic information.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures, submitted to Acta Physica Polonica B
Freely Scalable Quantum Technologies using Cells of 5-to-50 Qubits with Very Lossy and Noisy Photonic Links
Creators: name: Nickerson, Naomi H.
name: Fitzsimons, Joseph F.
name: Benjamin, Simon C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exquisite quantum control has now been achieved in small ion traps, in nitrogen-vacancy centres and in superconducting qubit clusters. We can regard such a system as a universal cell with diverse technological uses from communication to large-scale computing, provided that the cell is able to network with others and overcome any noise in the interlinks. Here we show that loss-tolerant entanglement purification makes quantum computing feasible with the noisy and lossy links that are realistic today: With a modestly complex cell design, and using a surface code protocol with a network noise threshold of 13.3%, we find that interlinks which attempt entanglement at a rate of 2MHz but suffer 98% photon loss can result in kilohertz computer clock speeds (i.e. rate of high fidelity stabilizer measurements). Improved links would dramatically increase the clock speed. Our simulations employed local gates of a fidelity already achieved in ion trap devices.
description: corrected typos, additional references, additional figure
Nonadiabatic Landau-Zener-Stückelberg-Majorana transitions, dynamics, and interference
Creators: name: Ivakhnenko, Oleh V.
name: Shevchenko, Sergey N.
name: Nori, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the pioneering works by Landau, Zener, Stückelberg, and Majorana (LZSM), it has been known that driving a quantum two-level system results in tunneling between its states. Even though the interference between these transitions is known to be important, it is only recently that it became both accessible, controllable, and useful for engineering quantum systems. Here, we study systematically various aspects of LZSM physics and review the relevant literature, significantly expanding the review article in [Shevchenko, S. N., S. Ashhab, and F. Nori (2010), "Landau-Zener-Stückelberg interferometry," Phys. Rep. 492, 1].
description: Review article, 100 pages, 19 figures, published in Physics Reports (Open access)
Budúcnosť vedeckých časopisov je otvorená 2019
Creators: name: Rivalle, Guillaume
name: Olsbo, Pekka
name: Horáková, Silvia
name: Stožická, Zuzana
name: Jedličková, Ľubica
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: OpenAIRE
workshop

description: Prezentácie z workshopu o budúcnosti vedeckých časopisov.
Cavity-Modified Collective Rayleigh Scattering of Two Atoms
Creators: name: Reimann, René
name: Alt, Wolfgang
name: Kampschulte, Tobias
name: Macha, Tobias
name: Ratschbacher, Lothar
name: Thau, Natalie
name: Yoon, Seokchan
name: Meschede, Dieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the observation of cooperative radiation of exactly two neutral atoms strongly coupled to the single mode field of an optical cavity, which is close to the lossless-cavity limit. Monitoring the cavity output power, we observe constructive and destructive interference of collective Rayleigh scattering for certain relative distances between the two atoms. Because of cavity backaction onto the atoms, the cavity output power for the constructive two-atom case ($N=2$) is almost equal to the single-emitter case ($N=1$), which is in contrast to free-space where one would expect an $N^2$ scaling of the power. These effects are quantitatively explained by a classical model as well as by a quantum mechanical model based on Dicke states. We extract information on the relative phases of the light fields at the atom positions and employ advanced cooling to reduce the jump rate between the constructive and destructive atom configurations. Thereby we improve the control over the system to a level where the implementation of two-atom entanglement schemes involving optical cavities becomes realistic.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Statistical Perspective on Functional and Causal Neural Connectomics: The Time-Aware PC Algorithm
Creators: name: Biswas, Rahul
name: Shlizerman, Eli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The representation of the flow of information between neurons in the brain based on their activity is termed the causal functional connectome. Such representation incorporates the dynamic nature of neuronal activity and causal interactions between them. In contrast to connectome, the causal functional connectome is not directly observed and needs to be inferred from neural time series. A popular statistical framework for inferring causal connectivity from observations is the directed probabilistic graphical modeling. Its common formulation is not suitable for neural time series since was developed for variables with independent and identically distributed static samples. In this work, we propose to model and estimate the causal functional connectivity from neural time series using a novel approach that adapts directed probabilistic graphical modeling to the time series scenario. In particular, we develop the Time-Aware PC (TPC) algorithm for estimating the causal functional connectivity, which adapts the PC algorithm a state-of-the-art method for statistical causal inference. We show that the model outcome of TPC has the properties of reflecting causality of neural interactions such as being non-parametric, exhibits the directed Markov property in a time-series setting, and is predictive of the consequence of counterfactual interventions on the time series. We demonstrate the utility of the methodology to obtain the causal functional connectome for several datasets including simulations, benchmark datasets, and recent multi-array electro-physiological recordings from the mouse visual cortex.
Reconstructing Bayesian Networks on a Quantum Annealer
Creators: name: Zardini, Enrico
name: Rizzoli, Massimo
name: Dissegna, Sebastiano
name: Blanzieri, Enrico
name: Pastorello, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bayesian networks are widely used probabilistic graphical models, whose structure is hard to learn starting from the generated data. O'Gorman et al. have proposed an algorithm to encode this task, i.e., the Bayesian network structure learning (BSNL), into a form that can be solved through quantum annealing, but they have not provided an experimental evaluation of it. In this paper, we present (i) an implementation in Python of O'Gorman's algorithm, (ii) a divide et impera approach that allows addressing BNSL problems of larger sizes in order to overcome the limitations imposed by the current architectures, and (iii) their empirical evaluation. Specifically, several problems with an increasing number of variables have been used in the experiments. The results have shown the effectiveness of O'Gorman's formulation for BNSL instances of small sizes, and the superiority of the divide et impera approach on the direct execution of O'Gorman's algorithm.
description: 29 pages, 6 figures
A Pareto II Model With Inliers at Zero and One Based on TYPE-II Censored Samples
Creators: name: Bavagosai Pratima
name: K. Muralidharan
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2018
Subjects: early failures; failure time distribution; infant mortality rate; inliers; instantaneous failures; type-II censored sample

description: Inliers (instantaneous or early failures) are natural occurrences of a life test, where some of the items fail immediately or within a short time of the life test due to mechanical failure, inferior quality or faulty construction of items and components. The inconsistency of such life data is modeled using a nonstandard mixture of distributions; where degeneracy can happen at discrete points at zero and one. In this paper, parameters estimation based on Type-II censored sample from a Pareto type II distribution with a discrete mass at zero and one is study. The Maximum Likelihood Estimators (MLE) are developed for estimating the unknown parameters. The Fisher information matrix, as well as the asymptotic variance-covariance matrix of the MLEs, are derived. Uniformly Minimum Variance Unbiased Estimate (UMVUE) of model parameters as well as UMVUE of the density function, reliability function, and some other parametric function are obtained along with the standard error of estimators. The model is implemented on various real data sets and compared with Weibull inliers model.
Arrays of optical vortices formed by "fork" holograms
Creators: name: Bekshaev, A. Ya.
name: Bekshaev, A. S.
name: Mohammed, K. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Singular light beams with optical vortices (OV) are often generated by means of thin binary gratings with groove bifurcation ("fork holograms") that produce a set of diffracted beams with different OV charges. Usually, only single separate beams are used and investigated; here we consider the whole set of diffracted OV beams that, at certain conditions, are involved in efficient mutual interference to form a characteristic pattern where the ring-like structure of separate OV beams is replaced by series of bright and dark lines between adjacent diffraction orders. This pattern, well developed for high diffraction orders, reflects the main spatial properties of the diffracted beams as well as of the fork grating used for their generation. In particular, it confirms the theoretical model for the diffracted beams (Kummer beam model) and enables to determine the sign and the absolute value of the phase singularity embedded in the hologram.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Sustained Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase 1/2 Phosphorylation in Neonate 6-Hydroxydopamine-Lesioned Rats after Repeated D1-Dopamine Receptor Agonist Administration: Implications for NMDA Receptor Involvement
Creators: name: Papadeas, S. T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2, a well known regulator of gene expression, is likely to contribute to signaling events underlying enduring neural adaptations. Phosphorylated (phospho)-ERK was examined immunohistochemically after both single and repeated (i.e., sensitizing) doses of the partial D1-dopamine (DA) receptor agonist SKF-38393 (2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benazepine HCl) to adult rats lesioned as neonates (neonate lesioned) with 6-hydroxydopamine. Remarkably, prolonged phospho-ERK accumulated primarily in layers II–III of medial prefrontal cortex (MPC), where it declined gradually yet remained significantly elevated for at least 36 d after repeated doses of SKF-38393. Sustained (≥7 d) phospho-ERK was observed for shorter periods in various other cortical regions but was not detectable in striatum or nucleus accumbens. At 36 d, an additional injection of SKF-38393 to sensitized rats restored phospho-ERK to maximal levels only in MPC when examined 7 d later. Phosphorylated cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), examined 7 d after the sensitizing regimen, was observed exclusively in MPC, where it was abundant throughout all layers. Systemic injections of SL327 (α-[amino[(4-aminophenyl)thio]methylene]-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzeneacetonitrile), an inhibitor of the upstream ERK activator mitogen ERK kinase, attenuated both ERK and CREB phosphorylation in layers II–III of MPC. Pretreatment with the D1 antagonist SCH-23390 ((R)-(+)-8-chloro-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-methyl-5-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine-7-OL maleate) inhibited the prolonged increase in MPC phospho-ERK, whereas the 5-HT2 receptor antagonist ketanserin (3-[2-[4-(4-fluorobenzoyl)-1-piperidinyl]ethyl]-2,4(1H,3H)-quinazolinedione tartrate) was ineffective. Competitive and noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonists also blocked sustained ERK phosphorylation. Collectively, the present results demonstrate coupling of D1 and NMDA receptor function reflected in sustained activation of the ERK signaling pathway in MPC of SKF-38393-sensitized neonate-lesioned rats. Ultimately, long-lasting phosphorylation of ERK and CREB in MPC may play a pivotal role in any permanent adaptive change(s) in these animals.
Reliability analysis of a multi state system with common cause failures using Markov Regenerative Process
Creators: name: Vidhya Gnair
name: M. Manoharan
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2018
Subjects: Multi state system
Common cause failures
Markov Regenerative Process
Availability

description: In this paper the dynamic reliability behaviour in terms of common cause failures is studied and a state space model has been formed for the evaluation of performance measures of multi state system. The concept of renewal is employed and the Markov Regenerative Process has been used for assessment of availability of the system. Using proposed technique we obtain the transition kernel and formulas for the steady state probabilities of the system. A numerical example is proposed to demonstrate the real possibility of the proposed technique.
Dose comparison of robustly optimized intensity modulated proton therapy (IMPT) vs IMRT and VMAT photon plans for testicular seminoma
Creators: name: Rønde, Heidi S.
name: Kronborg, Camilla
name: Høyer, Morten
name: Hansen, Jolanta
name: Bak, Malene Eppler
name: Agergaard, Søren Nielsen
name: Als, Anne Birgitte
name: Agerbæk, Mads
name: Lauritsen, Jakob
name: Petersen, Peter Meidahl
name: Dysager, Lars
name: Kallehauge, Jesper F.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Patients with stage II seminoma have traditionally been treated with photons to the retroperitoneal and iliac space, which leads to a substantial dose bath to abdominal and pelvic organs at risk (OAR). As these patients are young and with excellent prognosis, reducing dose to OAR and thereby the risk of secondary cancer is of utmost importance. We compared IMPT to opposing IMRT fields and VMAT, assessing dose to OAR and both overall and organ-specific secondary cancer risk. A comparative treatment planning study was conducted on planning CT-scans from ten patients with stage II seminoma, treated with photons to a ‘dog-leg’ field with doses ranging from 20 to 25 Gy and a 10 Gy sequential boost to the metastatic lymph node(s). Photon plans were either 3–4 field IMRT (Eclipse) or 1–2 arc VMAT (Pinnacle). Proton plans used robust (5 mm; 3.5%) IMPT (Eclipse), multi field optimization with 3 posterior fields supplemented by 2 anterior fields at the level of the iliac vessels. Thirty plans were generated. Mean doses to OARs were compared for IMRT vs IMPT and VMAT vs IMPT. The risk of secondary cancer was calculated according to the model described by Schneider, using excess absolute risk (EAR, per 10,000 persons per year) for body outline, stomach, duodenum, pancreas, bowel, bladder and spinal cord. Mean doses to all OARs were significantly lower with IMPT except similar kidney (IMRT) and spinal cord (VMAT) doses. The relative EAR for body outline was 0.59 for IMPT/IMRT (p < .05) and 0.33 for IMPT/VMAT (p < .05). Organ specific secondary cancer risk was also lower for IMPT except for pancreas and duodenum. Proton therapy reduced radiation dose to OAR compared to both IMRT and VMAT plans, and potentially reduce the risk of secondary cancer both overall and for most OAR.
Mesocortical Dopamine Neurons Operate in Distinct Temporal Domains Using Multimodal Signaling
Creators: name: Lavin, A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: In vivo extracellular recording studies have traditionally shown that dopamine (DA) transiently inhibits prefrontal cortex (PFC) neurons, yet recent biophysical measurements in vitro indicate that DA enhances the evoked excitability of PFC neurons for prolonged periods. Moreover, although DA neurons apparently encode stimulus salience by transient alterations in firing, the temporal properties of the PFC DA signal associated with various behaviors is often extraordinarily prolonged. The present study used in vivo electrophysiological and electrochemical measures to show that the mesocortical system produces a fast non-DA-mediated postsynaptic response in the PFC that appears to be initiated by glutamate. In contrast, short burst stimulation of mesocortical DA neurons that produced transient (<4 s) DA release in the PFC caused a simultaneous reduction in spontaneous firing (consistent with extracellular in vivo recordings) and a form of DA-induced potentiation in which evoked firing was increased for tens of minutes (consistent with in vitro measurements). We suggest that the mesocortical system might transmit fast signals about reward or salience via corelease of glutamate, whereas the simultaneous prolonged DA-mediated modulation of firing biases the long-term processing dynamics of PFC networks.
Different Neural Substrates Mediate Cocaine Seeking after Abstinence versus Extinction Training: A Critical Role for the Dorsolateral Caudate-Putamen
Creators: name: Fuchs, R. A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Cue-induced reinstatement of extinguished drug seeking is a preclinical model of relapse. However, relapse typically occurs after abstinence rather than explicit extinction training. We show that inactivation of the dorsolateral caudate–putamen, but not other structures previously implicated in reinstatement, attenuates cocaine seeking after abstinence. This suggests that there is limited overlap in the substrates of cocaine seeking after abstinence versus extinction, and that habit learning exerts greater control over drug seeking than regions implicated in stimulus–reward associations.
Gradient corrections to the local density approximation in the one-dimensional Bose gas
Creators: name: Riggio, François
name: Brun, Yannis
name: Karevski, Dragi
name: Faribault, Alexandre
name: Dubail, Jérôme
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The local density approximation (LDA) is the central technical tool in the modeling of quantum gases in trapping potentials. It consists in treating the gas as an assembly of independent mesoscopic fluid cells at equilibrium with a local chemical potential, and it is justified when the correlation length is larger than the size of the cells. The LDA is often regarded as a crude approximation, particularly in the ground state of the one-dimensional (1D) Bose gas, { where the correlation length is "therefore said to be" infinite (in the sense that correlation functions decay as a power law).} Here we take another look at the LDA. The local density $ρ(x)$ is viewed as a functional of the trapping potential $V(x)$, to which one applies a gradient expansion. The zeroth order in that expansion is the LDA. The first-order correction in the gradient expansion vanishes due to reflection symmetry. At second order, there are two corrections proportional to $d^2V/dx^2$ and $(dV/dx)^2$, and we propose a method to determine the corresponding coefficients by a perturbative calculation in the Lieb-Liniger model. This leads to an expression for the coefficients in terms of matrix elements of the density operator, which can in principle be evaluated numerically for an arbitrary coupling constant; here we show how to efficiently evaluate the coefficient associated to the curvature of the potential $d^2V/dx^2$, which dominates the deviation to LDA near local minima or maxima of the trapping potential. Both coefficients are evaluated analytically in the limits of infinite repulsion (hard-core bosons) and small repulsion (quasi-condensate).} The corrected LDA density profiles are compared to DMRG calculations, with significant improvement compared to zeroth-order LDA.
description: accepted version, 17 pages, 8 figures. Substantial revision including a discussion on the validity of the LDA in the introduction and the numerical calculation of the second coefficient in appendix C
Reliability Analysis of a Maintenance Scheduling Model Under Failure Free Warranty Policy
Creators: name: Niwas, Ram
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2018
Subjects: Warranty
Reliability
Maintenance
Inspection
degradation
Mean Time to System Failure

description: This paper considers a maintenance scheduling model by using the concepts of failure free warranty policy. In this model, all the repairs during warranty are cost-free to the users, provided failures are not due to the negligence of the users. However, the users will have to repair the failed unit at their own expenses beyond warranty. During their formulation, the failure rate of the system is considered to be negative exponential distribution while the preventive maintenance (PM), repair and replacement time distributions are taken to be arbitrary with different probability density functions. Under these assumptions, using the supplementary variable technique, the various expressions which depict the behavior of the system such as reliability of the system, Mean Time to System Failure (MTSF), availability and profit function have been derived. Further, steady-state behavior of the system has also been derived. To substantiate the proposed approach, the effect of the parameters of the system has been analyzed through the system reliability, and expected profit through an illustrative example.
Kazama-Suzuki Models of N=2 Superconformal Field Theory and Manin triples
Creators: name: Parkhomenko, S. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kazama-Suzuki coset models is an interesting class of N=2 supersymmetric models of conformal field theory which are used to build realistic models of superstring in 4 dimensions. We formulate Kazama-Suzuki construction of N=2 superconformal coset models using more general language of Manin triples and represent the corresponding N=2 Virasoro superalgebra currents in explicit form. A correspondence between the Kazama-Suzuki models and Poisson homogeneous spaces is established also.
description: 7 pages, LaTex, no figures. Some comments and reference added
Developmental Switch in the Contribution of Presynaptic and Postsynaptic NMDA Receptors to Long-Term Depression
Creators: name: Philpot, B. D.
name: Ghermazien, H.
name: Erisir, A.
name: Wang, Y.
name: Corlew, R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: NMDA receptor (NMDAR) activation is required for many forms of learning and memory as well as sensory system receptive field plasticity, yet the relative contribution of pre- and postsynaptic NMDARs over cortical development remains unknown. Here we demonstrate a rapid developmental loss of functional presynaptic NMDARs in the neocortex. Presynaptic NMDARs enhance neurotransmitter release at synapses onto visual cortex pyramidal cells in young mice (< postnatal day 20; P20), but they have no apparent effect after the onset of the critical period for receptive field plasticity (>P21). Immuno-electron microscopy revealed that the loss of presynaptic NMDAR function is likely due in part to a 50% reduction in the prevalence of presynaptic NMDARs. Coincident with the observed loss of presynaptic NMDAR function, there is an abrupt change in the mechanisms of timing-dependent long-term depression (tLTD). Induction of tLTD before the onset of the critical period requires activation of pre- but not postsynaptic NMDARs, while the induction of tLTD in older mice requires activation of postsynaptic NMDARs. By demonstrating that both pre- and postsynaptic NMDARs contribute to the induction of synaptic plasticity, and that their relative roles shift over development, our findings define a novel, and perhaps general, property of synaptic plasticity in emerging cortical circuits.
SBMLDiagrams: A python package to process and visualize SBML layout and render
Creators: name: Xu, Jin
name: Jiang, Jessie
name: Sauro, Herbert M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Summary: The Systems Biology Markup Language (SBML) is an extensible standard format for exchanging biochemical models. One of the extensions for SBML is the SBML Layout and Render package. This allows modelers to describe a biochemical model as a pathway diagram. However, up to now there has been little support to help users easily add and retrieve such information from SBML. In this application note, we describe a new Python package called SBMLDiagrams. This package allows a user to add layout and render information or retrieve it using a straightforward Python API. The package uses skia-python to support the rendering of the diagrams, allowing export to commons formats such as PNG or PDF. Availability: SBMLDiagrams is publicly available and licensed under the liberal MIT open-source license. The package is available for all major platforms. The source code has been deposited at GitHub (github.com/sys-bio/SBMLDiagrams). Users can install the package using the standard pip installation mechanism: pip install SBMLDiagrams. Contact: hsauro@uw.edu.
Experimental investigation of bond performance between BFRP and different strength recycled-aggregate concrete
Creators: name: Ma, Quanwu
name: Liu, Huaxin
name: Liu, Genjin
name: Wang, Xuezhi
name: Hussain, Abasal
name: Geng, Jian
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biophysics
Cell Biology
Neuroscience
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Mental Health

description: In recent years, there has been a large number of studies on recycled-aggregate concrete as a potential solution to the problem of a scarcity natural resources. This study investigated the bonding performance of a new reinforcement material employed in medium and high-strength recycled aggregate concrete. The pull-out test was carried out by employing basalt fiber-reinforced polymer (BFRP) bars with different diameters (12, 14, and 20 mm) in medium and high-strength concrete with different ratios of recycled coarse aggregate replacement (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%). Based on the concrete bond damage, the failure modes were identified, the corresponding bond mechanism was analyzed and the bond stress–slip characteristics were summarized. The effect of each parameter on the failure mode, bond strength, and the bond-slip curve between recycled-aggregate concrete and BFRP bars was evaluated. Results indicated that as the diameter of the BFRP bar increased, the failure mode was shifted, the uneven distribution of bond stress became more pronounced, and the bond strength showed a decreasing trend. Two distinct situations of medium to high-strength concrete with very different relative bond strengths at different replacement ratios were found. The relative bond strength of medium-strength concrete increased at first and then decreased with the increase of the replacement ratio of recycled coarse aggregate. A non-linear relationship between the bond strength of recycled concrete and its compressive strength was found. The two-stage model was proposed to describe the bonding behaviour more accurately between BFRP bar and medium to high-strength recycled aggregate concrete.
title: Spinnen und Weben als weibliche Wege zur Erlösung
Creators: name: Wustinger, Hannah
Year: 2023

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit behandelt das Spynbock, einen mittelniederdeutschen Traktat, der die handwerklichen Tätigkeiten zur Herstellung eines Leintuchs vom Anbaus des Flachses an geistlich ausdeutet. Die zwei zentralen Themen der Auslegung sind die Gottesmutter Maria und die Passion Christi. Der Traktat ist im Jahr 1507 im Kloster Lilienthal entstanden und wurde von einer anonymen Schreiberin verfasst. Er ist unikal im Codex 2985 der Österreichischen Nationalbibliothek überliefert. Die Masterarbeit macht diesen Traktat zugänglich, indem eine Edition nach Methoden der Editionsphilologie erstellt wurde. Der Text beinhaltet zahlreiche Verweise und Versatzstücke, zitiert werden hauptsächlich Bernhard von Clairvaux, Augustinus und die Bibel. Die Arbeit kristallisiert verschiedene Analyseebenen heraus, etwa die unklare Provenienz der Handschrift, die Schreiberin, Rezipient:innen, Medialität und einzelne inhaltliche Schwerpunkte wie das Klosterleben oder Maria als mulier fortis. Der Traktat belehrt die Seele, wie sie eine unio mystica mit Jesus vollziehen kann und hat generell einen starken asketisch-meditativen und mystischen Einschlag, der die weiblichen Wege zur Erlösung aufzeigt.
title: Combined transgene immortalized urothelial cells capable of reprogramming and hepatic differentiation
Creators: name: Weiand, Matthias
name: Ballmaier, Paula Johanna
name: Niemietz, Christoph
name: Schmidt, Hartmut
name: Zibert, Andree
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 610 Medicine and health

description: Human primary cells, including urine-derived cells (UCs), are an excellent source for generation of pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to model disease. However, replicative senescence starts early and shortens the time window for generation of iPSCs. We addressed the question whether combinations of transgenes allows efficient immortalization of UCs, iPSC generation, and differentiation into hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs). Retroviral transfer of three gene cassettes HPVE6E7 (H), hTERT/p53DD (T), cyclinD1/CDK4R24C (C) encoding five genes was established in primary UCs. Long-term cell proliferation was observed in cells carrying transgenes H, HT, HC, and HCT, whereas cells carrying transgenes C, T and CT showed early senescence similar to UCs. iPSCs could be exclusively generated from immortalized UCs transduced with transgenes HCT and HC. iPSC colonies appeared however later and in smaller number as compared to UCs. Using an established hepatic differentiation protocol, HLCs were obtained with high efficacy. Of note, a high expression of individual transgenes was observed in immortalized UCs, which was down-regulated after reprogramming in four out of five genes. One transgene was re-expressed in HLCs as compared to iPSCs. Our data suggest that individual transgene combinations result in advanced growth rates of immortalized cells and do not prevent iPSC formation and HLC differentiation. Retroviral transgene expression is mostly silenced in iPSCs but can be rarely re-expressed after hepatic differentiation. An extended time window for iPSC establishment can be proposed that allows straightforward functional analyses of differentiated cells.
description: Finanziert durch den Open-Access-Publikationsfonds der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU Münster).