cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On Black Hole Temperature in Horndeski Gravity
Creators: name: Hajian, K.
name: Liberati, S.
name: Sheikh-Jabbari, M. M.
name: Vahidinia, M. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been observed that for black holes in certain family of Horndeski gravity theories Wald's entropy formula does not lead to the correct first law for black hole thermodynamics. For this family of Horndeski theories speeds of propagation of gravitons and photons are in general different and gravitons move on an effective metric different than the one seen by photons. We show that the temperature of the black hole should be modified from surface gravity over $2π$ to include effects of this effective metric. The modified temperature, with the entropy unambiguously computed by the solution phase space method, yields the correct first law. Our results have far reaching implications for the Hawking radiation and species problem, going beyond the Horndeski theories.
description: 9 pages, no figure, v3: Minor changes to match the published version
Supplementary Information from Predicting collapse of complex ecological systems: quantifying the stability–complexity continuum
Creators: name: Pettersson, Susanne
name: Savage, Van M.
name: Jacobi, Martin Nilsson
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 60114 Systems Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60199 Biochemistry and Cell Biology not elsewhere classified
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Dynamical shifts between the extremes of stability and collapse are hallmarks of ecological systems. These shifts are limited by and change with biodiversity, complexity, and the topology and hierarchy of interactions. Most ecological research has focused on identifying conditions for a system to shift from stability to any degree of instability—species abundances do not return to exact same values after perturbation. Real ecosystems likely have a continuum of shifting between stability and collapse that depends on the specifics of how the interactions are structured, as well as the type and degree of disturbance due to environmental change. Here we map boundaries for the extremes of strict stability and collapse. In between these boundaries, we find an intermediate regime that consists of single-species extinctions, which we call the Extinction Continuum. We also develop a metric that locates the position of the system within the Extinction Continuum—thus quantifying proximity to stability or collapse—in terms of ecologically measurable quantities such as growth rates and interaction strengths. Furthermore, we provide analytical and numerical techniques for estimating our new metric. We show that our metric does an excellent job of capturing the system behaviour in comparison with other existing methods—such as May’s stability criteria or critical slowdown. Our metric should thus enable deeper insights about how to classify real systems in terms of their overall dynamics and their limits of stability and collapse.
Diffraction of the Aharonov-Bohm Hamiltonian
Creators: name: Yang, Mengxuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 58J40, 58J47, 81Q70

description: In this paper, we compute the diffractive wave propagator of the Aharonov-Bohm effect on $\mathbf{R}^2$ with a single solenoid using a technique of moving solenoid location. In addition, we compute the corresponding diffraction coefficient which is the principal symbol of the diffractive propagator. This paper gives the first proof of propagation of singularities of the Aharonov-Bohm Hamiltonian.
description: This is a pre-published version. The published version is available at https://rdcu.be/clTMj
Dynamics of simple liquids at heterogeneous surfaces : Molecular Dynamics simulations and hydrodynamic description
Creators: name: Cottin-Bizonne, Cecile
name: Barentin, Catherine
name: Charlaix, Elisabeth
name: Bocquet, Lyderic
name: Barrat, Jean-Louis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we consider the effect of surface heterogeneity on the slippage of fluid, using two complementary approaches. First, MD simulations of a corrugated hydrophobic surface have been performed. A dewetting transition, leading to a super-hydrophobic state, is observed for pressure below a ``capillary'' pressure. Conversely a very large slippage of the fluid on this composite interface is found in this superhydrophobic state. Second, we propose a macroscopic estimate of the effective slip length on the basis of continuum hydrodynamics, in order to rationalize the previous MD results. This calculation allows to estimate the effect of a heterogeneous slip length pattern on the composite interface. Comparison between the two approaches are in good agreement at low pressure, but highlights the role of the exact shape of the liquid-vapor interface at higher pressure. These results confirm that small variations in the roughness of a surface can lead to huge differences in the slip effect. On the basis of these results, we propose some guidelines to design highly slippery surfaces, motivated by potential applications in microfluidics.
description: submitted to EPJE
Znaczenie czynników determinujących decyzje powrotne migrantów zarobkowych pochodzących z obszarów wiejskich
Creators: name: Cymanow, Piotr
name: Cymanow, Piotr
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Political Economy
subject: migration processes
subject: rural areas
subject: local development
subject: return migrations
subject: / procesy migracyjne
subject: obszary wiejskie
subject: rozwój lokalny
subject: migracje powrotne

description: The article presents the results of a study of return migrations of people who decided to travel for work. The significance of population movements was emphasised in the local and regional development of peripheral areas, pointing to considerable impact of such processes on their transformation. The significance of the factors that impact the decision to return from economic emigration were assessed. A series of social aspects were also highlighted, related to the increase in return migration. / Synopsis. Artykuł prezentuje wyniki badań, jakie zostały przeprowadzone na grupie osób wywodzących się ze środowisk wiejskich, które aktualnie przebywają poza granicami kraju, wykonując pracę zarobkową. Zasadniczym celem dokonanej analizy jest przedstawienie zjawiska migracji powrotnych na przykładzie grupy osób wywodzących się z obszarów peryferyjnych. W opracowaniu uwzględniono również ocenę czynników determinujących podejmowanie ewentualnych decyzji w zakresie powrotów z migracji. W artykule podkreślono także znaczenie migracji zarobkowych w kontekście niekorzystnych zmian struktury demograficznej i problemów społecznych, dotykających obszarów peryferyjnych.
Evaluation of Alternative Pesticides and Mulching for Organically-Grown Watermelons in Puerto Rico
Creators: name: Vega-Almodovar, Mabel
name: Morales-Payan, J. Pablo
name: Martinez-Garrastazu, Sonia
name: Brunner, Bryan
name: Vega-Almodovar, Mabel
name: Morales-Payan, J. Pablo
name: Martinez-Garrastazu, Sonia
name: Brunner, Bryan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Biopesticides
subject: Cyperus rotundus
subject: downy mildew
subject: ecological pesticides

description: There is an increasing interest in organic horticulture in Puerto Rico. One of the main limitations for organic production is the scarcity of local research for production recommendations. Research was conducted to evaluate mulching for weed suppression and alternative pesticides for disease management in an organic watermelon system in Lajas, Puerto Rico. Plots were either not mulched or mulched with freshly-cut grass straw. The alternative pesticides were (1) a blend of oils of rosemary, clove, thyme and wintergreen, mixed with lecithin and buthyl lactate (Sporan®), (2) hydrogen dioxide (OxiDate®), (3) an oil extract from the tea tree Melaleuca alternifolia) (Timorex®), (4) a clarified Hydrophobic Extract of neem (Azadirachta indica) oil (Trilogy®), (5) mint and rosemary oils mixed with wintergreen oil, vanillin, lecithin and buthyl lactate (Ecotrol®), (6) potassium bicarbonate (Milstop®), (7) Bacillus pumilis strain QST 2808 (Sonata®), (8) B. subtilis strain QST 713 (Serenade®), (9) whole milk (10% solution in water), (10) a garlic (Allium sativum) extract (Garlic Barrier®), (11) (Javelin®) mixed with a copper fungicide (NuCop®) alternated with B. thuringiensis (Agree®) mixed with a copper fungicide (NuCop®), and (12) a check treated with water. The organic pesticides were applied weekly at recommended rates. Downy mildew was the prevalent disease throughout the season. Watermelon yield was significantly higher in mulched plots than in non-mulched plots, due to weed suppression by the mulch. Among the organic pesticide treatments resulting in the highest crop yields were hydrogen dioxide, Bacillus pumilis strain QST 2808, the garlic extract, and the Melaleuca alternifolia oil extract. These results provide valuable information for weed and disease management in organic and ecological watermelon systems in tropical regions.
Participatory Survey and Tree Crop Preferences on St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands
Creators: name: Workman, Sarah
name: Ellis, Edward
name: Bannister, Michael
name: Palada, Manuel
name: Workman, Sarah
name: Ellis, Edward
name: Bannister, Michael
name: Palada, Manuel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Producer interviews
subject: GIS decision support
subject: fruit trees
subject: agroforestry
subject: biodiversity

description: The number and size of farms in the US Virgin Islands (VI) have steadily declined since 1965 and only 6% of the land remains covered with natural forest or woodland (NASS 2001). Characterizing current production systems by direct observation and soliciting information directly from producers on St. Croix served to involve farmers in project formulation and began an active learning process as the basis for future activities. A participatory survey of farms and home gardens with producers to characterize species composition and geographic description of agriculture on St. Croix was made during the period April through June 2003. Two objectives of the project were to foster conservation of trees on farmland and promote enterprise development with nontimber products in collaboration with local institutions and producers. A geo-referenced (GPS) map point for each farm was also taken to compile with geographic information for the island of St. Croix. Additionally each interview included a walking transect with the producer to observe production practices and provide for informal discussion about land use. Based on survey results and data on soils, vegetation, land use, hydrology and further GIS analyses, a decision support system is under construction. The decision support system will be a useful tool for producers and professionals to determine viable planting sites for desired tree crop species. Project activities also include germplasm collection for native fruit tree domestication and planting to enhance biodiversity within the landscape.
Liquid Urea Rate Effects on Nutritive Value of 8-Week Regrowth of Guineagrass {Panicum maximum Jacq.) Hay
Creators: name: Almodovar, L. E.
name: Valencia, E.
name: Rodriguez, A.
name: Almodovar, L. E.
name: Valencia, E.
name: Rodriguez, A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Farm Management
subject: Grazing systems
subject: crude protein
subject: NDF
subject: ADF

description: Guineagrass (Panicum maximum Jacq.) is a valuable grass in grazing systems in Puerto Rico, but when conserved as hay, its low protein (<6.0%) concentration limits both meat and milk production. This study assessed the effect of applying liquid urea (LU) on hay harvested at 8-weeks regrowth of guineagrass cvs. 'Mombasa' and 'Tanzania' hay. Liquid urea were applied in a fine mist at baling at low (L; 0 lt/ha), medium (M; 204 lt/ha) and high rate (H; 807 lt/ha). Hays were stored for 8 week and core samples (250 g) were taken for determination of chemical composition of crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) using a completely randomized design. There were cultivar effects and LU rate effects (P<0.05) for CP, but there was no interaction. Crude protein averaged 13 and 17.7% for cv. Mombasa and Tanzania, respectively. There was a linear increase (P<0.05) in CP with an increasing rate of LU. Mean CP was 12, 15 and 20% for the L, M, and H rate, respectively. Additive LU did not affect (P<0.05) either NDF or ADF concentration in Mombasa and Tanzania. This study shows that adding LU at baling increases CP, but has no effect on NDF or ADF. Liquid urea at either concentration can be used to increase the nutritive value of low quality hay in Puerto Rico. Forage intake and digestibility and nitrogen balance studies, however, are needed to determine potential losses of N.
Implemented Crime Prevention Strategies of PNP in the Philippines
Creators: name: Patalinghug, Mark
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 160504 Crime Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 160201 Causes and Prevention of Crime
subject: FOS: Law

description: This study aimed primarily to determine the effectiveness of crime prevention strategies implemented by the Salug Valley Philippine National Police (PNP) in terms of Police Integrated Patrol System, Barangay Peacekeeping Operation, Anti-Criminality Operation, Integrated Area Community Public Safety services, Bantay Turista and School Safety Project as evaluated by 120 inhabitants and 138 PNP officers from four Municipalities of Salug Valley Zamboanga del Sur. Stratified random sampling was utilized in determining the respondents. Index crime rate were correlated with the crime prevention strategies of the PNP in town of Salug Valley.A descriptive method of research was applied in this study utilizing self-made questionnaire. The data collected were analyzed using the main statistical tools like frequency count, percentage, mean computation, Kruskal Wallis Analysis of Variance and simple correlation.Findings of the study revealed that the crime prevention strategies in four (4) municipalities were “much effective” to include Integrated Patrol System, Barangay Peace Keeping Operations, Anti-Criminality Operations, Integrated Area Community Public Safety Services, Bantay Turista and School Safety Project in connection to the responses of 158 participants.There is a significant relationship between crime prevention strategies employed and index crime rate.
Dynamics in two complex dimensions
Creators: name: Smillie, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37F99

description: We describe results on the dynamics of polynomial diffeomorphisms of ${\bf C^2}$ and draw connections with the dynamics of polynomial maps of ${\bf C}$ and the dynamics of polynomial diffeomorphisms of ${\bf R^2}$ such as the Hénon family.
Impact of Coffee Management Practices on the Soil Ecosystem: Earthworm Community Function
Creators: name: Amador, J. A.
name: Winiarski, K.
name: Sotomayor-Ramirez, D.
name: Amador, J. A.
name: Winiarski, K.
name: Sotomayor-Ramirez, D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Coffea arabica
subject: cultivation practices
subject: stable isotope enrichment

description: Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) is the most economically important crop in the central mountainous region of Puerto Rico, where it is grown under shade or in full sunlight. The conditions under which coffee is grown may affect the long-term sustainability of this land use through effects on soil physical, chemical and biological properties. As ecosystem engineers, earthworms are known to have a profound effect on abiotic and biotic properties and processes in terrestrial ecosystems. We examined differences in earthworm communities as a function of ecosystem type (sun and shade coffee, forest) and soil order (Oxisols, Ultisols, Inceptisols) as part of a study of the effects of coffee production practices on the structure and function of coffee agroecosystems led by scientists in the Dept. of Agronomy and Soils of the University of Puerto Rico - Mayagüez. Ecosystem type significantly affected earthworm population density (Sun, 281/m2 > Shade, 125/m2 > Forest, 37/m2) and earthworm biomass (Sun, 71 g f.w./m2 > Shade, 34 g f.w./m2 > Forest, 12 g f.w./m2). In contrast, the specific biomass of earthworms was significantly affected only by soil order. In general, earthworm population density and biomass appeared to be a function of soil moisture, leaf litter biomass, and the mineral content of leaf litter. Analyses of 15N and 13C enrichment of earthworm tissues suggest that management practices affect the trophic level they occupy within an ecosystem. Examination of isotopic enrichment of soil and leaf litter is underway to help elucidate the role of earthworms in carbon and nitrogen cycling in these ecosystems.
Accelerating Black Hole Thermodynamics with Boost Time
Creators: name: Ball, Adam
name: Miller, Noah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a thermodynamic first law for the electrically charged C-metric with vanishing cosmological constant. This spacetime describes a pair of identical accelerating black holes each pulled by a cosmic string. Treating the "boost time" of this spacetime as the canonical time, we find a thermodynamic first law in which every term has an unambiguous physical meaning. We then show how this first law can be derived using Noetherian methods in the covariant phase space formalism. We argue that the area of the acceleration horizon contributes to the entropy and that the appropriate notion of energy of this spacetime is a "boost mass", which vanishes identically. The recovery of the Reissner-Nordstrom first law in the limit of small string tension is also demonstrated. Finally, we compute the action of the Euclidean section of the C-metric and show it agrees with the thermodynamic grand potential, providing an independent confirmation of the validity of our first law. We also briefly speculate on the significance of firewalls in this spacetime.
Initiatives Conducted by the Cnasea Concerning Land Policy and Agricultural Development. Three Examples in Martinique
Creators: name: Concy, Corinne
name: Iratchet, Bruno
name: Concy, Corinne
name: Iratchet, Bruno
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Agribusiness
Crop Production/Industries
International Relations/Trade

description: The very sharp reduction in usable farm area in Martinique over the last 30 years has led the local authorities to begin wide-reaching discussions on land management and to become concerned with the development of farm structures and the development of agricultural and rural land resources. The complexity of the land issue in Martinique necessitated the establishment in March 2001 of a mission of the General Council of the GREF to conduct an inventory, identify the causes for these changes and to propose solutions. Due to the CNASEA's level of expertise, it was asked to become involved with 3 projects set up along these lines: • SIGAM (Système d'information géographique agricole de la Martinique [Martinique Agricultural Geographic Information System]), • Martinique Crop Observatory, • Community studies for sustainable agricultural development.
On the Influence of Eccentricities on Flux Linkages of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines
Creators: name: Krahe, D.
name: Kolb, J.
name: Doppelbauer, M.
Publisher: name: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Year: 2022

description: The noise behavior of electrical machines is influenced by tolerances. Eccentricities in particular lead to poorer noise behavior. However, the measurement of NVH quantities is usually very complex. Therefore, it is of interest to be able to detect such tolerances also by other measurands. In this paper, the influence of eccentricities on the flux linkages is investigated. For this purpose, detailed investigations were carried out using FEA. In a further step, these are compared with the results obtained from a test rig measurement. Prior to this, a methodology is presented with which the angle-dependent flux linkages can be determined. It is shown that eccentricities cause only slight changes in the harmonic components of the flux linkages. Due to the symmetry properties of the investigated machine, the changes in the flux linkage caused by the different air gap lengths cancel each other out. This could also be confirmed in the experiment.
Natural Spread of Pests within and into the Greater Caribbean Region
Creators: name: Bertone, Christie A.
name: Meissner, Heike E.
name: Lemay, Andrea V.
name: Bertone, Christie A.
name: Meissner, Heike E.
name: Lemay, Andrea V.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: wind dispersal
subject: natural movement
subject: pest spread

description: Natural spread of exotic pest organisms mediated by wind may play a significant role in the movement of pests throughout the Greater Caribbean Region. Biological and atmospheric events and processes interact to facilitate aerial dispersal of organisms over long distances. Our objective was to review the scientific literature to answer questions about natural spread of exotic plant pests into and within the Greater Caribbean Region, e.g., whether it occurs, patterns of movement, types of pests prone to natural spread, and possible methods for reducing the likelihood of establishment. Certain plant pathogens seem to have wind-dispersed from Africa into the Caribbean, and wind-assisted dispersal within the Greater Caribbean Region occurs on an ongoing basis. The effects of natural dispersal may be mitigated through stringent surveys supported by predictive modeling. Knowing which pests are capable of becoming established and causing economic damage within a given area and intervention as soon as a pest is introduced may reduce the likelihood of establishment.
Chiral $p$-wave superconductivity in twisted bilayer graphene from dynamical mean field theory
Creators: name: Pahlevanzadeh, B.
name: Sahebsara, P.
name: Sénéchal, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply cluster dynamical mean field theory with an exact-diagonalization impurity solver to a Hubbard model for magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene, built on the tight-binding model proposed by Kang and Vafek (2018), which applies to the magic angle $1.30^\circ$. We find that triplet superconductivity with $p+ip$ symmetry is stabilized by CDMFT, as well as a subdominant singlet $d+id$ state. A minimum of the order parameter exists close to quarter-filling and three-quarter filling, as observed in experiments.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
Social contacts as modifiers of diurnal cortisol production : a potential pathway between social relationships and health
Creators: name: Stetler, Cinnamon Ashley
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Social connections have been linked with morbidity and mortality across decades of research. Although stress buffering and health behavior models have been extensively detailed as pathways for this effect, the direct effects of social contacts on physiology have received less attention. Social contacts may help to regulate biological rhythms, particularly within the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, a hormonal system known to be influenced by the social environment. Dysregulation of the HPA axis has been associated with psychiatric illnesses such as depression. The current thesis includes three studies that investigated the relationship between social contact and the diurnal pattern of cortisol secretion, as well as the moderating role of depression. These relationships were examined both cross-sectionally and prospectively via daily diary assessment of daily social contacts and salivary cortisol levels. In the first study, depressed women had a blunted cortisol response to waking compared to non-depressed women. Among the non-depressed but not among depressed women, the number of social contacts (especially positive ones) was associated with cortisol response to waking. In the second study, data were analyzed using hierarchical linear modeling and within-person results revealed that cortisol slopes following a day with more social contacts were steeper compared to cortisol slopes following a day with fewer social contacts. In the third study, daily social contacts were manipulated using a within-subjects design. Participants experienced both high and low social contact conditions in the laboratory while continuing to collect ambulatory data on their daily social contacts and cortisol levels. Results show that the manipulation successfully altered daily social contacts, but had no significant effect on cortisol slope. However, there is some evidence to suggest that frequency of contact may be an important moderator of the effect. Although causality has not been definitively demonstrated, findings from these studies suggest that in addition to previously articulated pathways, social relationships may influence health via a direct effect of social contact on physiology.
Combined Effect of QCD Resummation and QED Radiative Correction to W boson Observables at the Tevatron
Creators: name: Cao, Qing-Hong
name: Yuan, C. -P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A precise determination of the W boson mass at the Fermilab Tevatron requires a theoretical calculation in which the effects of the initial-state multiple soft-gluon emission and the final-state photonic correction are simultaneously included . Here, we present such a calculation and discuss its prediction on the transverse mass distribution of the W boson and the transverse momentum distribution of its decay charged lepton, which are the most relevant observables for measuring the W boson mass at hadron colliders.
description: 10 pages, 3 Postscript figures, uses revtex4.sty
Manufacture and Characterization of Graphene Membranes with Suspended Silicon Proof Masses for MEMS and NEMS Applications
Creators: name: Fan, Xuge
name: Smith, Anderson D.
name: Forsberg, Fredrik
name: Wagner, Stefan
name: Schröder, Stephan
name: Akbari, Sayedeh Shirin Afyouni
name: Fischer, Andreas C.
name: Villanueva, Luis Guillermo
name: Östling, Mikael
name: Lemme, Max C.
name: Niklaus, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unparalleled strength, chemical stability, ultimate surface-to-volume ratio and excellent electronic properties of graphene make it an ideal candidate as a material for membranes in micro- and nanoelectromechanical systems (MEMS and NEMS). However, the integration of graphene into MEMS or NEMS devices and suspended structures such as proof masses on graphene membranes raises several technological challenges, including collapse and rupture of the graphene. We have developed a robust route for realizing membranes made of double-layer CVD graphene and suspending large silicon proof masses on membranes with high yields. We have demonstrated the manufacture of square graphene membranes with side lengths from 7 micro meter to 110 micro meter and suspended proof masses consisting of solid silicon cubes that are from 5 micro meter multiply 5 micro meter multiply 16.4 micro meter to 100 micro meter multiply 100 micro meter multiply 16.4 micro meter in size. Our approach is compatible with wafer-scale MEMS and semiconductor manufacturing technologies, and the manufacturing yields of the graphene membranes with suspended proof masses were greater than 90%, with more than 70% of the graphene membranes having more than 90% graphene area without visible defects. The graphene membranes with suspended proof masses were extremely robust and were able to withstand indentation forces from an atomic force microscope (AFM) tip of up to ~7000 nN. The measured resonance frequencies of the realized structures ranged from tens to hundreds of kHz, with quality factors ranging from 63 to 148. The proposed approach for the reliable and large-scale manufacture of graphene membranes with suspended proof masses will enable the development and study of innovative NEMS devices with new functionalities and improved performances.
description: 39 pages, 15 figures
Report on Workshop- "Facilitating Safer US-Caribbean Trade: Invasive Species Issues" Port of Spain, Trinidad, June 2-4, 2004
Creators: name: Klassen, W.
name: Klassen, W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Development
subject: Regional safeguarding strategy
subject: ecological and economic impacts
subject: trade
subject: invasive alien species
subject: interdiction
subject: collective security
subject: Caribbean
subject: Florida

description: Over the past decade trade in agricultural commodities and movement of people have increased considerably, and this has resulted in a surge in worldwide movement and establishment of non-indigenous invasive species in the Greater Caribbean Basin. With further trade liberalization likely, the onslaught of invasive species will continue to increase, and the expected gains from increased product trade and movement of people will continue to be offset and undermined by damage caused by introduced alien species. Workshop participants were in agreement that a regional safeguarding strategy is essential to stemming the onslaught of invasives. Progress toward developing a Greater Caribbean Basin safeguarding system could be facilitated by the Caribbean Agricultural Health and Food Safety Agency, which is expected to come into operation in the near future, and which may enter into relevant partnerships.
Environmental Damages Versus Economic Performance, Sustainability of Guadeloupean Banana Cropping Systems in Question: an Emergetic Approach
Creators: name: Blazy, Jean-Marc
name: De Barros, Inacio
name: Rodrigues, Geraldo S.
name: Ozier-Lafontaine, Harry
name: Blazy, Jean-Marc
name: De Barros, Inacio
name: Rodrigues, Geraldo S.
name: Ozier-Lafontaine, Harry
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Banana
subject: Guadeloupe
subject: Cropping Systems
subject: Environmental impact
subject: Agricultural Economics

description: Banana is an important agricultural commodity in Guadeloupe (French West Indies) and, to increase their competitivity in the international market, banana growers have intensified their production systems during the last fifteen years by increasing the use of man-made technological inputs. Such intensification strategies, that require investment increases, are economically and environmentally risky. In order to assess the environmental performance of banana production in Guadeloupe, emergy synthesis methods were applied to six different types of banana cropping systems previously identified in the island. Additionally, aiming at improving farmers decision making, environmental performance results were compared with economic analysis for each cropping system. These analyses showed that the better the environmental benefit of any cropping system, the worse its economic performance. This main result was corroborated by an increased contrast among cropping systems as related to their dependence on purchased inputs, although all of them are based on the same intensive and arguably wasteful agricultural model. Therefore, the analysis point out that sustainable banana production in Guadeloupe depends on a shift from the high fossil imported input model to a local renewable resources intensive one. In this sense, emergy flow analysis shows that innovation towards environmentally sound practices that would enhance nutrient cycling; integrate weeds, pests and diseases control; and improve the banana packing process might result most positive impacts on overall sustainability. Economic analysis showed that the high labour costs contribute largely to the dependency of banana production on public subsidies. Nevertheless, reorienting the current European agricultural income policy to an environmental performance-based subvention might represent an opportunity to achieve the present social goals while promoting sustainability in banana production.
Incremental Real-Time Personalization in Human Activity Recognition Using Domain Adaptive Batch Normalization
Creators: name: Mazankiewicz, Alan
name: Böhm, Klemens
name: Bergés, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Human Activity Recognition (HAR) from devices like smartphone accelerometers is a fundamental problem in ubiquitous computing. Machine learning based recognition models often perform poorly when applied to new users that were not part of the training data. Previous work has addressed this challenge by personalizing general recognition models to the unique motion pattern of a new user in a static batch setting. They require target user data to be available upfront. The more challenging online setting has received less attention. No samples from the target user are available in advance, but they arrive sequentially. Additionally, the motion pattern of users may change over time. Thus, adapting to new and forgetting old information must be traded off. Finally, the target user should not have to do any work to use the recognition system by, say, labeling any activities. Our work addresses all of these challenges by proposing an unsupervised online domain adaptation algorithm. Both classification and personalization happen continuously and incrementally in real time. Our solution works by aligning the feature distributions of all subjects, be they sources or the target, in hidden neural network layers. To this end, we normalize the input of a layer with user-specific mean and variance statistics. During training, these statistics are computed over user-specific batches. In the online phase, they are estimated incrementally for any new target user.
description: Updated version of the preprint from 05/2020 after going through revision. The content (experiments, results, proposed method) has not changed. The explanations changed. Certain sentences have been added/removed/rephrased to be clearer. Removed Figure 3. Added Discussion section. Renamed "Description of Approach" Section. Added a reference to related work
Stocking Rate Trial with Boer X Spanish Goats under Thinned Loblolly Pines
Creators: name: Gordon-Bradley, Nadine
name: Onokpise, O. U.
name: Gordon-Bradley, Nadine
name: Onokpise, O. U.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: silvopastoral system
subject: Tifton-9 bahiagrass
subject: stocking rate.

description: Goat meat is said to be one of the most highly consumed meat in the world. The perception of using goats for vegetation management other than as a grazing livestock remains very high. As the demand for goats increases due to healthy diet needs and ethnic population presence, the need to increase production using various grazing practices for small ruminants has begun to receive attention. The present study was conducted to determine stocking rates of Boer χ Spanish goat crossbreeds in a silvopastoral system of loblolly pines and Tifton9 bahiagrass. The experimental area consisted of loblolly pine plantation that was planted in 1979 and thinned in November 2001 to 1.2- χ 12-m spacing. Tifton-9 bahiagrass was planted between widely spaced loblolly pine trees. Treatments consisted of (1) shaded pastures and open pastures of Tifton-9 bahiagrass as the main plots, and (2) two stocking rates (10 and 17 goats per ha) crossbred goats as the subplots using a split-plot arrangement. Goats grazed paddocks using a rotational stocking method. Live weight data was used to calculate the average daily gain (ADG) and weight gain or loss of animals over the grazing period to determine recommended stocking. For Year 1, there was no significant difference in ADG of the animals for the shade treatment (P = 0.124) or stocking rate treatment (P = 0.673). For Year 2, the results showed a significant effect of stocking rate (Ρ = 0.003) on ADG. The result from this study indicated that the low stocking rate was best for the goats evaluated. High stocking rates for both years caused weight loss thus indicating that a low stocking rate will be best for the paddock sizes used for the study. A silvopastoral system with goats at a stocking rate of 10 goats ha"1 averaging 34 -45 kg body weight on bahiagrass grown under trees can provide adequate forage.
Charge non-conservation, dequantisation, and induced electric dipole moments in varying-alpha theories
Creators: name: Shaw, Douglas J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We note that in extensions of the Standard Model that allow for a varying fine structure constant, alpha, all matter species, apart from right-handed neutrinos, will gain an intrinsic electric dipole moment (EDM). In a large subset of varying-alpha theories, all such particle species will also gain an effective electric charge. This charge will in general not be quantised and can result in macroscopic non-conservation of electric charge.
description: 8 pages, no figures
Simulations of dust-trapping vortices in protoplanetary discs
Creators: name: Johansen, Anders
name: Andersen, Anja C.
name: Brandenburg, Axel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Local three-dimensional shearing box simulations of the compressible coupled dust-gas equations are used in the fluid approximation to study the evolution of different initial vortex configurations in a protoplanetary disc and their dust-trapping capabilities. The initial conditions for the gas are derived from an analytic solution to the compressible Euler equation and the continuity equation. The solution is valid if there is a vacuum outside the vortex. In the simulations the vortex is either embedded in a hot corona, or it is extended in a cylindrical fashion in the vertical direction. Both configurations are found to survive for at least one orbit and lead to accumulation of dust inside the vortex. This confirms earlier findings that dust accumulates in anticyclonic vortices, indicating that this is a viable mechanism for planetesimal formation.
description: 15 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Supernovae neutrino detection via coherent scattering off silicon nuclei
Creators: name: Foguel, Ana Luisa
name: Fraga, Eduardo Souza
name: Bonifazi, Carla
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low-energy neutrinos are clean messengers from supernovae explosions and probably carry unique insights into the process of stellar evolution. We estimate the expected number of events considering coherent elastic scattering of neutrinos off silicon nuclei, as would happen in Charge Coupled Devices (CCD) detectors. The number of expected events, integrated over a window of about 18 s, is $\sim$ 4 if we assume 10 kg of silicon and a supernovae 1 kpc away. For a distance similar to the red supergiant Betelgeuse, the number of expected events increases to $\sim$ 30 - 120, depending on the supernovae model. We argue that silicon detectors can be effective for supernovae neutrinos, and might possibly distinguish between models for certain target masses and distances.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables; Matches the version published in Astropart. Phys
د. علي عماد محمد ازهر
Creators: name: imad, drali
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 150203 Financial Institutions (incl. Banking)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 150307 Innovation and Technology Management

description: محاسبة - اقتصاد وادارة المشاريع
IR and Optical Observations of GRB 030115
Creators: name: Dullighan, Allyn
name: Ricker, George
name: Butler, Nathaniel
name: Vanderspek, Roland
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an upper limit on the brightness of the afterglow of the long GRB 030115 measured from Infrared (IR) images taken with the Magellan Classic Cam instrument of Ks > 22 at 6.2 days after the burst. We also present measurments of the host galaxy of GRB 030115 from archival optical and IR HST images taken with the Advanced Camera for Surveys and the Near Infrared Camera and Multi Object Spectrometer 25+ days after the burst. GRB 030115 is classified as an Optically Dark Burst, as its afterglow was found in the J, H, and K IR bands after a null result was reported in the optical. This is the first HETE GRB to have its afterglow found initially in the IR.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, to appear in the Santa Fe GRB Conference Proceedings, 2003
ROLE OF FARMLAND AFFORESTATION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL AREAS IN POLAND
ROLA ZALESIEŃ GRUNTÓW ROLNYCH W ROZWOJU OBSZARÓW WIEJSKICH W POLSCE
Creators: name: Polna, Małgorzata
name: Polna, Małgorzata
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: afforestation
subject: agricultural land
subject: rural areas
subject: NWEP

description: This paper seeks to determine the role of farmland afforestation in the development of rural areas in Poland. An analysis covered the distribution of afforestation conducted in the years 2003-2013 in terms of afforestations needs of rural communes. The assessment relied on the ranking of communes worked out by the Forest Research Institute for the purposes of the National Woodiness Enhancement Programme (NWEP). It was found that, in spite of the NWEP, farmland afforestation did not proceed in a spatially ordered way. The research showed that there is no straightforward relation between the level of afforestation needs of rural communes and spatial differences in farmland afforestation.
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN THE ENERGY-USING SECTORS IN the EUROPEAN UNION MEMBER STATES
ROZWÓJ ZRÓWNOWAŻONY W SEKTORACH WYKORZYSTUJĄCYCH ENERGIĘ W KRAJACH UNII EUROPEJSKIEJ
Creators: name: Rokicki, Tomasz
name: Rokicki, Tomasz
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: sustainable development
subject: renewable sources of energy
subject: European Union

description: The paper includes the issues related to sustainable development in the energy-using sectors in the European Union countries. The paper presents the analysis of participation of renewable energy in the total energy consumption in these sectors of the European economy. It was found that participation of renewable energy in the total energy balance continues to increase, differs in each country and is not dependent on the macroeconomic situation. Strong positive correlation between participation of renewable energy and afforestation rate was found, which is caused by largely involvement of biomass in renewable energy. The research indicates that the economic aspect for sustainable energy development is of low importance, the ethical field and the need to preserve resources for future generations are crucial.
Scalable Low-Rank Tensor Learning for Spatiotemporal Traffic Data Imputation
Creators: name: Chen, Xinyu
name: Chen, Yixian
name: Saunier, Nicolas
name: Sun, Lijun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Missing value problem in spatiotemporal traffic data has long been a challenging topic, in particular for large-scale and high-dimensional data with complex missing mechanisms and diverse degrees of missingness. Recent studies based on tensor nuclear norm have demonstrated the superiority of tensor learning in imputation tasks by effectively characterizing the complex correlations/dependencies in spatiotemporal data. However, despite the promising results, these approaches do not scale well to large data tensors. In this paper, we focus on addressing the missing data imputation problem for large-scale spatiotemporal traffic data. To achieve both high accuracy and efficiency, we develop a scalable tensor learning model -- Low-Tubal-Rank Smoothing Tensor Completion (LSTC-Tubal) -- based on the existing framework of Low-Rank Tensor Completion, which is well-suited for spatiotemporal traffic data that is characterized by multidimensional structure of location$\times$ time of day $\times$ day. In particular, the proposed LSTC-Tubal model involves a scalable tensor nuclear norm minimization scheme by integrating linear unitary transformation. Therefore, tensor nuclear norm minimization can be solved by singular value thresholding on the transformed matrix of each day while the day-to-day correlation can be effectively preserved by the unitary transform matrix. We compare LSTC-Tubal with state-of-the-art baseline models, and find that LSTC-Tubal can achieve competitive accuracy with a significantly lower computational cost. In addition, the LSTC-Tubal will also benefit other tasks in modeling large-scale spatiotemporal traffic data, such as network-level traffic forecasting.
Some Current Theoretical Issues around Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays
Creators: name: Sigl, Guenter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address some current theoretical issues around ultra-high energy cosmic rays. We recall that scenarios producing more gamma-rays than cosmic rays up to high redshift can in general only provide a sub-dominant contribution to the ultra-high energy cosmic ray flux. This includes extra-galactic top-down and the Z-burst scenarios. Finally we discuss the influence of large scale cosmic magnetic fields on ultra-high energy cosmic ray propagation which is currently hard to quantify. The views presented here represent the authors perspective.
description: 17 latex pages, 5 ps figures included, review given at the 2004 Cracow Epiphany Conference on Astroparticle Physics, to appear in the proccedings in Acta Physica Polonica B