cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Unity and discord : non-violent resistance and the divergence of working class identity in early apartheid Durban, South Africa
Creators: name: Hoyer, Cacee
name: 0000-0002-7781-9730
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2023
Subjects: Durban
South African Indian
Race relations

description: This dissertation focuses on a series of non-violent protests during the early years of apartheid in Durban, South Africa. Using oral histories, newspapers, commission testimonies, and personal papers, my work challenges the accepted historiography of the early anti-apartheid movement in South Africa by arguing that the great diversity of the South African working class frustrated the political agendas of the elites in forming a mass anti-apartheid movement. My dissertation contributes and expands on the historiography of the anti-apartheid struggles, by arguing that there is another thread, that of the working and poorer classes, that must be added to the story. This study first examines the 1946-1948 Passive Resistance Campaign, which used non-violent Gandhian tactics to heightened awareness of discriminatory legislation targeting Indians in South Africa. Being a South African Indian only campaign that found some initial success in the passage of a UN resolution in support of the cause, the movement eventually failed to sustain this success at the UN due to its inability to garner long-term mass support from the general Indian population. This work argues that this failure can be largely attributed to the complex ways Indians multilayer and prioritize their identities, resulting in their inability or unwillingness to support the calls of the elites for political activism. A further ethnic divide becomes brutally apparent during the 1949 Durban Riots, where Africans acted violently against Indians, resulting in hundreds killed, property destroyed, women assaulted, and trusts broken. This study discusses the new empowerment felt by Africans at this time, which is juxtaposed by a further withdrawal of much of the Indian community from political action. At a time when both African and Indian elites were calling for inter-racial cooperation fighting against apartheid laws, both the Indian and African communities were reluctant to engage the elites' goals. As a result, this work concludes with an examination of the 1952 Defiance Campaign, often lauded as the first successful cross-cultural mass non-violent protest of apartheid laws. This study claims the continued inability of the political elites to understand the attitudes and perspectives of the working and poorer classes created the reluctance of much of the African and Indian working classes to support the mass movement, which would eventually lead to its downfall. By locating the varied groups that created the South African Indian and African working classes at the center of my analysis, my research challenges the established conceptualization of a unified political landscape in the early anti-apartheid movement.
Integrability, Quantization and Moduli Spaces of Curves
Creators: name: Rossi, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper has the purpose of presenting in an organic way a new approach to integrable (1+1)-dimensional field systems and their systematic quantization emerging from intersection theory of the moduli space of stable algebraic curves and, in particular, cohomological field theories, Hodge classes and double ramification cycles. This methods are alternative to the traditional Witten-Kontsevich framework and its generalizations by Dubrovin and Zhang and, among other advantages, have the merit of encompassing quantum integrable systems. Most of this material originates from an ongoing collaboration with A. Buryak, B. Dubrovin and J. Guéré.
title: Counting Border Edges in Bargraphs
Creators: name: Mansour, Toufik
name: Shabani, Armend Sh.
Publisher: name: Institut für Informatik, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen
Year: 2022

description: In this paper, we study the number of bargraphs with $n$ cells and $m$ columns according to the statistics $E_1,E_2,E_3,E_4$, where $E_i$ counts number of cells having exactly $i$ edges in the border. Furthermore, we find the generating function for the total perimeter over all the bargraphs of $n$, as well as its asymptotic behavior.
description: Journal of Automata, Languages and Combinatorics, Volume 27, Number 4, 2022, 309-321
Gauge transformations for twisted spectral triples
Creators: name: Landi, Giovanni
name: Martinetti, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We extend to twisted spectral triples the fluctuations of the metric, as well as their gauge transformations. The former are bounded perturbations of the Dirac operator that arise when a spectral triple is exported between Morita equivalent algebras; the later are obtained by the action of the unitary endomorphisms of the module implementing the Morita equivalence. It is shown that the twisted gauged Dirac operators, previously introduced to generate an extra scalar field in the spectral description of the standard model of elementary particles, in fact follow from Morita equivalence between twisted spectral triples. The law of transformation of the gauge potentials turns out to be twisted in a natural way. In contrast with the non-twisted case, twisted fluctuations do not necessarily preserve the self-adjointness of the Dirac operator. For a self-Morita equivalence, some conditions are obtained in order to maintain self-adjointness, that are solved explicitly for the minimal twist of a Riemannian manifold.
title: r-Stirling Numbers of the Second Kind Through Context-free Grammars
Creators: name: Triana, Juan
Publisher: name: Institut für Informatik, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen
Year: 2022

description: A context-free grammar $G$ over an alphabet $\Sigma$ is defined as a set of substitution rules that replace a letter in $\Sigma$ by a formal function over $\Sigma$. In this paper, we introduce a connection between the context-free grammar $G=\{ a \rightarrow ab \ ; b \rightarrow b \}$ and $r$-Stirling numbers of the second kind. Some combinatorial identities involving $r$-Stirling numbers of the second kind and binomial coefficients will be obtained by grammatical methods.
description: Journal of Automata, Languages and Combinatorics, Volume 27, Number 4, 2022, 323-333
БЛОКЧЕЙН В УПРАВЛЕНИИ ГОРОДСКОЙ ИНФРАСТРУКТУРОЙ: ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ И ВЫЗОВЫ
Creators: name: Саид-Жалалов, Саидазимхон
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: В условиях стремительной урбанизации и цифровизации городов возникает необходимость в эффективных и прозрачных системах управления городской инфраструктурой. Технология блокчейн предлагает децентрализованный подход к хранению и обмену данными, что может существенно повысить эффективность управления городскими ресурсами. Данный обзор посвящен анализу потенциала применения блокчейна в управлении городской инфраструктурой, а также рассмотрению связанных с этим перспектив и вызовов.
Optical Second-harmonic Images of Sacran Megamolecule Aggregates
Creators: name: Zhao, Yue
name: Hien, Khuat Thi Thu
name: Mizutani, Goro
name: Rutt, Harvey N.
name: Amornwachirabodee, Kittima
name: Okajima, Maiko
name: Kaneko, Tatsuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have detected a second-order nonlinear optical response from aggregates of the ampholytic megamolecular polysaccharide sacran extracted from cyanobacterial biomaterials, by using optical second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy. The SHG images of sacran cotton-like lump, fibers, and cast films showed SHG intensity microspots of several tens of micrometers in size. The dependence of the SHG spot intensity on an excitation light polarization angle was observed to illustrate sacran molecular orientation in these microdomains. We also observed SHG signals around a special region of the cast film edges of sacran. These results show that sacran megamolecules aggregate in several different ways.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Restart could optimize the probability of success in a Bernoulli trial
Creators: name: Belan, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently noticed ability of restart to reduce the expected completion time of first-passage processes allows appealing opportunities for performance improvement in a variety of settings. However, complex stochastic processes often exhibit several possible scenarios of completion which are not equally desirable in terms of efficiency. Here we show that restart may have profound consequences on the splitting probabilities of a Bernoulli-like first-passage process, i.e. of a process which can end with one of two outcomes. Particularly intriguing in this respect is the class of problems where a carefully adjusted restart mechanism maximizes probability that the process will complete in a desired way. We reveal the universal aspects of this kind of optimal behaviour by applying the general approach recently proposed for the problem of first-passage under restart.
description: 6 pages and 3 figures in the main text + 4 pages of supplementary information
A parallel fluid solid coupling model using LAMMPS and Palabos based on the immersed boundary method
Creators: name: Tan, Jifu
name: Sinno, Talid
name: Diamond, Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of viscous fluid flow coupled with rigid or deformable solids has many applications in biological and engineering problems, e.g., blood cell transport, drug delivery, and particulate flow. We developed a partitioned approach to solve this coupled Multiphysics problem. The fluid motion was solved by Palabos (Parallel Lattice Boltzmann Solver), while the solid displacement and deformation was simulated by LAMMPS (Large-scale Atomic/Molecular Massively Parallel Simulator). The coupling was achieved through the immersed boundary method (IBM). The code modeled both rigid and deformable solids exposed to flow. The code was validated with the Jeffery orbits of an ellipsoid particle in shear flow, red blood cell stretching test, and effective blood viscosity flowing in tubes. It demonstrated essentially linear scaling from 512 to 8192 cores for both strong and weak scaling cases. The computing time for the coupling increased with the solid fraction. An example of the fluid-solid coupling was given for flexible filaments (drug carriers) transport in a flowing blood cell suspensions, highlighting the advantages and capabilities of the developed code.
description: For high resolution figure, see https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S187775031730981X
A Functional Regression approach to Facial Landmark Tracking
Creators: name: Sánchez-Lozano, Enrique
name: Tzimiropoulos, Georgios
name: Martinez, Brais
name: De la Torre, Fernando
name: Valstar, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Linear regression is a fundamental building block in many face detection and tracking algorithms, typically used to predict shape displacements from image features through a linear mapping. This paper presents a Functional Regression solution to the least squares problem, which we coin Continuous Regression, resulting in the first real-time incremental face tracker. Contrary to prior work in Functional Regression, in which B-splines or Fourier series were used, we propose to approximate the input space by its first-order Taylor expansion, yielding a closed-form solution for the continuous domain of displacements. We then extend the continuous least squares problem to correlated variables, and demonstrate the generalisation of our approach. We incorporate Continuous Regression into the cascaded regression framework, and show its computational benefits for both training and testing. We then present a fast approach for incremental learning within Cascaded Continuous Regression, coined iCCR, and show that its complexity allows real-time face tracking, being 20 times faster than the state of the art. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first incremental face tracker that is shown to operate in real-time. We show that iCCR achieves state-of-the-art performance on the 300-VW dataset, the most recent, large-scale benchmark for face tracking.
description: Accepted at IEEE TPAMI. This is authors' version. 0162-8828 \copyright 2017 IEEE. Personal use is permitted, but republication/redistribution requires IEEE permission. See http://www.ieee.org/publications_standards/publications/rights/index.html for more information
The genus Mycosphaerella – modern treasure chest or ancient coffin?
Creators: name: Groenewald, Johannes Z.
name: Crous, Pedro W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Capnodiales, generic concepts, Mycosphaerella sensu lato

description: Presentation by J.Z. (Ewald) Groenewald and Pedro W. Crous at the Deutschen Gesellschaft für Mykologie (DGfM) centenary meeting at Blaubeuren, Germany
Cosmic string in gravity's rainbow
Creators: name: Momeni, Davood
name: Upadhyay, Sudhaker
name: Myrzakulov, Yerlan
name: Myrzakulov, Ratbay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study the various cylindrical solutions (cosmic strings) in gravity's rainbow scenario. In particular, we calculate the gravitational field equations corresponding to energy-dependent background. Further, we discuss the possible Kasner, quasi-Kasner and non-Kasner exact solutions of the field equations. In this framework, we find that quasi-Kasner solutions can not be realized in gravity's rainbow. Assuming only time-dependent metric functions, we also analyse the time-dependent vacuum cosmic strings in gravity's rainbow, which are completely different than the other GR solutions.
description: accepted in "Astrophys Space Sci"
title: Investigations on the control of cell behaviour and the cell cycle
Creators: name: Tripathi, Satish Chandra
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 1984
Subjects: subject: Biomedical engineering.

description: Little work has been done previously on cells grown as sail-sheets. This thesis describes the morphology, behaviour and movement of chick heart fibroblasts (CHFs) in sail-sheets and the effects of mechanical tension on actin content and the cell cycle of these cells. Abercrombie et ad. (1970 a) quantified the measurements on the features of movement of CHFs on glass coverslips (or, conventional cultures). Since the sail-sheet cultures appeared to resemble more closely the in vivo situation than the conventional cultures, it seemed appropriate that the features of cell movement in sail-sheets be studied and compared with those in conventional cultures. The work presented in this thesis suggests that CHFs in sail-sheets do exhibit such features as described for conventional cultures (Abercrombie et al., 1970 a) but at a relatively lower speed. Mechanical tension occurs within and between cells during embryogenesis, wound healing and in the repetitive contractile processes performed by various muscles of the body. Curtis and Seehar (1978) found that short-term tensing of sail-sheets with a low frequency oscillator shortened the duration of the cell cycle in CHFs. This thesis investigates whether tensing of sail-sheets for longer durations and at much lower frequencies produces any different effects than those found by Curtis and Seehar (1978). The work from these experiments suggested that on the whole, tension causes a reduction in the duration of the cell cycle. The effects of tension in a rectangular cell sheet differ from corners, edges and centres perhaps because of local stress concentration. The hypothesis that the effect of tension on the cell cycle may be due to its effect on the microfilaments was investigated. Results were inconclusive.
Local incompressibility estimates for the Laughlin phase
Creators: name: Lieb, Elliott
name: Rougerie, Nicolas
name: Yngvason, Jakob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove sharp density upper bounds on optimal length-scales for the ground states of classical 2D Coulomb systems and generalizations thereof. Our method is new, based on an auxiliary Thomas-Fermi-like variational model. Moreover, we deduce density upper bounds for the related low-temperature Gibbs states. Our motivation comes from fractional quantum Hall physics, more precisely, the perturbation of the Laughlin state by external potentials or impurities. These give rise to a class of many-body wave-functions that have the form of a product of the Laughlin state and an analytic function of many variables. This class is related via Laughlin's plasma analogy to Gibbs states of the generalized classical Coulomb systems we consider. Our main result shows that the perturbation of the Laughlin state cannot increase the particle density anywhere, with implications for the response of FQHE systems to external perturbations.
description: Version 3. Some details clarified, recent results of arXiv:1707.05059 taken into account
Overpartitions with bounded part differences
Creators: name: Chern, Shane
name: Yee, Ae Ja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A17 (Primary), 05A19, 11P84 (Secondary)

description: We generalize recent results of Breuer and Kronholm, and Chern on partitions and overpartitions with bounded differences between largest and smallest parts. We prove our generalization both analytically and combinatorially.
MPEC 2023-E75 : 2019 EO1
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
The Evolution of Rural and Island Policy in Scotland
Creators: name: Vuin, Ana
name: Atterton, Jane
name: Thomson, Steven
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 440406
subject: Rural community development
classificationCode: 440703
subject: Economic development policy

description: This report provides a comprehensive review of policy interventions for Scotland’s rural areas and islands since the 1950s. Based on this review, it provides some suggestions for how policies may evolve in future.This review forms the basis of future work in both ReRIC and NISRIE. The former will explore three persistent challenges which have plagued many rural and island communities in Scotland for decades, namely a lack of affordable housing, demographic decline and exclusion and marginalisation and provide new insights on how these challenges may be tackled. The latter will gather and analyse data and provide new insights on Scotland’s rural and island economies.
Extracting dark matter signatures from atomic clock stability measurements
Creators: name: Kalaydzhyan, Tigran
name: Yu, Nan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze possible effects of the dark matter environment on the atomic clock stability measurements. The dark matter is assumed to exist in a form of waves of ultralight scalar fields or in a form of topological defects (monopoles and strings). We identify dark matter signal signatures in clock Allan deviation plots that can be used to constrain the dark matter coupling to the Standard Model fields. The existing data on the Al+/Hg+ clock comparison are used to put new limits on the dilaton dark matter in the region of masses m > 10^{-15} eV. We also estimate the sensitivities of future atomic clock experiments in space, including the cesium microwave and strontium optical clocks aboard the International Space Station, as well as a potential nuclear clock. These experiments are expected to put new limits on the topological dark matter in the range of masses 10^{-10} eV < m < 10^{-6} eV.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures. Version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
On Dantzig figures from graded lexicographic orders
Creators: name: Gupte, Akshay
name: Poznanović, Svetlana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52B12, 52B05

description: We construct two families of Dantzig figures, which are $(d,2d)$-polytopes with an antipodal vertex pair, from convex hulls of initial subsets for the graded lexicographic (grlex) and graded reverse lexicographic (grevlex) orders on $\mathbb{Z}^{d}_{\geq 0}$. These two polytopes have the same number of vertices, $\mathcal{O}(d^{2})$, and the same number of edges, $\mathcal{O}(d^{3})$, but are not combinatorially equivalent. We provide an explicit description of the vertices and the facets for both families and describe their graphs along with analyzing their basic properties such as the radius, diameter, existence of Hamiltonian circuits, and chromatic number. Moreover, we also analyze the edge expansions of these graphs.
description: 27 pages, 3 figures
3D Shape Segmentation via Shape Fully Convolutional Networks
Creators: name: Wang, Pengyu
name: Gan, Yuan
name: Shui, Panpan
name: Yu, Fenggen
name: Zhang, Yan
name: Chen, Songle
name: Sun, Zhengxing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We desgin a novel fully convolutional network architecture for shapes, denoted by Shape Fully Convolutional Networks (SFCN). 3D shapes are represented as graph structures in the SFCN architecture, based on novel graph convolution and pooling operations, which are similar to convolution and pooling operations used on images. Meanwhile, to build our SFCN architecture in the original image segmentation fully convolutional network (FCN) architecture, we also design and implement a generating operation} with bridging function. This ensures that the convolution and pooling operation we have designed can be successfully applied in the original FCN architecture. In this paper, we also present a new shape segmentation approach based on SFCN. Furthermore, we allow more general and challenging input, such as mixed datasets of different categories of shapes} which can prove the ability of our generalisation. In our approach, SFCNs are trained triangles-to-triangles by using three low-level geometric features as input. Finally, the feature voting-based multi-label graph cuts is adopted to optimise the segmentation results obtained by SFCN prediction. The experiment results show that our method can effectively learn and predict mixed shape datasets of either similar or different characteristics, and achieve excellent segmentation results.
description: We update some missing references about intrinsic CNNs (2018.5.24)
XVI съезд Русского энтомологического общества. Москва, 22–26 августа 2022 г. Тезисы докладов.
Creators: name: Русское энтомологическое общество
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: XVI съезд Русского энтомологического общества. Москва, 22–26 августа 2022 г.
 Тезисы докладов. М.: Т-во научных изданий КМК, 2022. 164 с. 16th Congress of the Russian Entomological Society. Moscow, August 22–26, 2022. Abstract
 book. KMK Scientific Press. 2022.164 p.
Music journalists, music press officers and the consumer music press in the UK
Creators: name: Forde, Eamonn
Publisher: name: University of Westminster
Year: 2001

description: This thesis presents a professional/organisational analysis of popular music journalism in the UK. It considers the conditions under which consumer music magazines are produced (at the level of both the newsroom and the publishing organisation) and how music journalists deal with their main point of informational contact, the press officer. Drawing on original interview and participant observation research, the thesis considers: the economic and bureaucratic forces within magazine publishing organisations; how titles are positioned both individually and collectively as part of portfolio of niched titles; how market forces condition how and why titles are launched, redesigned and folded; and, ultimately, how all these factors impact upon and shape the socio-professional and cultural conditions under which editors and their staff work. The thesis then considers the music press officer (both in-house and independent and their office/departmental hierarchies) in terms of how they exist and operate at the meeting point of three distinct groups: the artists they are employed to represent; the artists' record companies; and the press (and their attempts to reconcile these often divergent needs). Having considered the music press and music journalists in isolation (in terms of power structures as well as their collective and individual goals) and press officers in isolation (in terms of their position within wider music industry promotional strategies and how they build, develop and revise a roster of artists) the thesis then moves on to analyse how these two distinct professional groups (journalists/editors and press officers) work together, how they professionally and organisationally define their goals and objectives and the steps they take to meet these goals and objectives, negotiating quantitatively and qualitatively the coverage of artists. A complex relationship of conditional power and mutual dependency links these two sets of professionals in both their formal activities and their socio-cultural activities. Breaking from previous studies that have described a uni-directional flow of power and influence of press officers over the press, the thesis argues that the relationships that tie these groups together (in terms of gatekeeping within the hierarchy of the newsroom and a tilting balance of power) are much more complex that has previously been assumed.
Rarefaction Waves for the Toda Equation via Nonlinear Steepest Descent
Creators: name: Egorova, Iryna
name: Michor, Johanna
name: Teschl, Gerald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37K40, 35Q53 (Primary), 37K45, 35Q15 (Secondary)

description: We apply the method of nonlinear steepest descent to compute the long-time asymptotics of the Toda lattice with steplike initial data corresponding to a rarefaction wave.
description: 22 pages
The role of multinational companies in the Middle East: the case of Saudi Arabia
Creators: name: Mababaya, Mamarinta
Publisher: name: University of Westminster
Year: 2001

description: This study investigated whether known economic and international business theories available in the literature are meaningful enough to explain the nature, existence and role of multinational companies (MNCs) in the Middle East, particularly Saudi Arabia. Two sets of questionnaires were distributed in major cities of Saudi Arabia - one set for 100 multinational managers and another for 280 multinational customers. 234 questionnaires were collected - 45 from multinational managers and 189 from customers. This represents a total response rate of 62 percent, which is adequate for this study. The empirical results, supported with comprehensive secondary data, confirmed virtually all of the research hypotheses. The study found that joint ventures are the dominant form of multinational business in Saudi Arabia, both in manufacturing and service industries. The core roles of MNCs in the Saudi-foreign ventures are evident in the cross-border value-adding activities of marketing, trading, manufacturing, consulting, contracting, project management, insurance, hotel operation and banking. Likewise, MNCs provide licensing, franchising, financing services and various auxiliary roles in the Kingdom. Therefore, the multinationality of a firm or a group of firms operating across national boundaries is not necessarily synonymous with international production - the main subject of contemporary multinational theories. The respondents generally perceived the competitiveness of MNCs operating in Saudi Arabia as a function of a number of economic, management, marketing, technological and other variables. They also perceived the contributions of MNCs to the Kingdom's socio-economic developments as significant and positive. The study also found that understanding Islamic values and ethics is important for MNCs. In this regard, the researcher looked at some objective indicators of business success and related them to selected measures of MNCs' local cultural awareness and responsiveness. The results indicate that the business success of multinationals operating in Saudi Arabia is positively related to their local cultural awareness and responsiveness. Along this line, this study covers some vital elements of Islamic culture, which will help MNCs understand further the cultural needs, values and sensitivities of the Saudi people and Muslims in general.
The daily-resolved Southern Ocean mixed layer: regional contrasts assessed using glider observations
Creators: name: du Plessis, Marcel
name: Swart, Sebastiaan
name: Biddle, Louise
name: Giddy, Isabelle
name: Reason, Chris
name: Thompson, Andrew
name: Monteiro, Pedro
name: Sarah-Anne Nicholson
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Oceanography, Climate, Gliders, Air-Sea Fluxes

description: Description: Release of code used in the analysis and creation of figures in du Plessis et al. 2022: The daily-resolved Southern Ocean mixed layer: regional contrasts assessed using glider observations in support of open-code, transparency, and repeatability. This code is neither a standalone package nor professional software. Abstract: Water mass transformation in the Southern Ocean is vital for driving the large-scale overturning circulation, which transports heat from the surface to the ocean interior. Using profiling gliders, this study investigates the role of summertime buoyancy forcing and wind-driven processes on the intraseasonal (1-10 days) mixed layer thermohaline variability in three Southern Ocean regions southwest of Africa important for water mass transformation - the Subantarctic Zone (SAZ), Polar Frontal Zone (PFZ) and Marginal Ice Zone (MIZ). At intraseasonal time scales, heat flux was shown as the main driver of buoyancy gain in all regions. In the SAZ and MIZ, shallow mixed layers and strong stratification enhanced mixed layer buoyancy gain by trapping incoming heat, while buoyancy loss resulted primarily from the entrainment of cold, salty water from below. In the PFZ, rapid mixing linked to Southern Ocean storms set persistently deep mixed layers and suppressed mixed layer intraseasonal (1-10 days) thermohaline variability. In the polar regions, lateral stirring of meltwater from seasonal sea-ice melt dominated daily mixed layer salinity variability. We propose that these meltwater fronts are advected to the PFZ during late summer, indicating the potential for seasonal sea-ice freshwater to impact a region where the upwelling limb of overturning circulation reaches the surface. This study reveals a regional dependence of how the mixed layer thermohaline properties respond to small spatio-temporal processes, emphasizing the importance of surface forcing occurring between 1-10 days on the mixed layer water mass transformation in the Southern Ocean. Related dataset: https://zenodo.org/record/5079763#.YjiIULjTX0p Navigate to https://github.com/marcelduplessis/duplessis-2021-SO-thermohaline for the latest version
Vortices enhance diffusion in dense granular flows
Creators: name: Kharel, Prashidha
name: Rognon, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This Letter introduces unexpected diffusion properties in dense granular flows, and shows that they result from the development of partially jammed clusters of grains, or granular vortices. Transverse diffusion coefficients $D$ and average vortex sizes $\ell$ are systematically measured in simulated plane shear flows at differing internal numbers $I$ revealing (i) a strong deviation from the expected scaling $D\propto d^2 \dot γ$ involving the grain size $d$ and shear rate $\dot γ$ and (ii) an increase in average vortex size $\ell$ at low $I$, following $\ell\propto dI^{-\frac{1}{2}}$ but limited by the system size. A general scaling $D\propto \ell d \dot γ$ is introduced that captures all the measurements and highlights the key role of vortex size. This leads to establishing a scaling for the diffusivity in dense granular flow as $D\propto d^2 \sqrt{\dot γ/ t_i}$ involving the geometric average of shear time $1/\dotγ$ and inertial time $t_i$ as the relevant time scale. Analysis of grain trajectories further evidence that this diffusion process arises from a vortex-driven random walk.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, 1 supplemental section
Déjà vu all over again! : the reluctant rise and protracted demise of Scott Lithgow Limited
Creators: name: Murphy, Hugh
Publisher: name: University of Westminster
Year: 2001

description: This thesis charts the growth and demise of the two largest shipbuilding firms on the Lower Clyde in Scotland, Scotts' Shipbuilding & Engineering Company Limited of Greenock, [established 1711 ] and Lithgows Limited of Port Glasgow [established as Russell & Company in 1874 and as Lithgows Limited in 1918]. The history of each firm is considered separately, with more emphasis on Lithgows, in order to give the reader a fuller perspective of their respective growth and internal and external dynamics. The bulk of the thesis, however, is concentrated in the post-1945 period with emphasis on the protracted merger of the shipbuilding interests of Scotts' and Lithgows to form Scott Lithgow Limited in 1970. Thereafter, the history of the merged firm is considered in detail, including its disastrous entry into the giant tanker market up to the nationalisation of the British shipbuilding industry in July 1977 when the firm was transferred to the control of the State Corporation, British Shipbuilders. From there, including an even more disastrous entry into the large offshore structures market, the period of nationalisation is then analysed up to March 1984 when Scott Lithgow became the first British Shipbuilders constituent shipyard to be privatised when it was controversially sold to the industrial conglomerate Trafalgar House plc. Trafalgar House, with no previous experience of building complex semi submersibles was unable to resurrect Scott Lithgow's tarnished reputation in the offshore market. Accordingly. the yard was put on a care and maintenance basis in 1988 from which it never recovered. In considering the complex history of Scotts' and Lithgows through what is in effect a micro study, it is hoped that this thesis will identify certain parallels in the demise of Scott Lithgow that will enhance our knowledge of cause and effect in the overall decline of the British shipbuilding industry.
A Noninformative Prior on a Space of Distribution Functions
Creators: name: Terenin, Alexander
name: Draper, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In a given problem, the Bayesian statistical paradigm requires the specification of a prior distribution that quantifies relevant information about the unknowns of main interest external to the data. In cases where little such information is available, the problem under study may possess an invariance under a transformation group that encodes a lack of information, leading to a unique prior---this idea was explored at length by E.T. Jaynes. Previous successful examples have included location-scale invariance under linear transformation, multiplicative invariance of the rate at which events in a counting process are observed, and the derivation of the Haldane prior for a Bernoulli success probability. In this paper we show that this method can be extended, by generalizing Jaynes, in two ways: (1) to yield families of approximately invariant priors, and (2) to the infinite-dimensional setting, yielding families of priors on spaces of distribution functions. Our results can be used to describe conditions under which a particular Dirichlet Process posterior arises from an optimal Bayesian analysis, in the sense that invariances in the prior and likelihood lead to one and only one posterior distribution.
Probing various formulations of macrorealism for unsharp quantum measurements
Creators: name: Kumari, Swati
name: Pan, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Standard Leggett and Garg inequalities (SLGIs) were formulated for testing the incompatibility between the classical worldview of macrorealism and quantum mechanics. In recent times, various other formulations, such as Wigner form of LGIs (WLGIs), entropic LGIs (ELGIs) and the no-signaling in time (NSIT) condition have also been proposed. It is also recently argued that no set of SLGIs can provide the necessary and sufficient conditions for macrorealism but a suitable conjunction of NSIT conditions provides the same. In this paper, we first provide a comparative study of the various formulations of LGIs for testing macrorealism pertaining to the two different unsharp measurements. While the violations of WLGIs are more robust than SLGIs and ELGIs for spin-POVMs, here we demonstrate that for the case of biased POVMs, the quantum violations of both SLGIs and ELGIs provide the same robustness as WLGIs. Importantly, the violations of all formulations of LGIs can be achieved for \textit{any non-zero value} of unsharpness parameter. We have also studied the connection between LGIs and NSIT conditions. Further, we investigate the role of the joint measurability of the POVMs in the violation of LGIs and found that there is no generic connection.
description: Revised version. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. A
Multilevel maximum likelihood estimation with application to covariance matrices
Creators: name: Turčičová, Marie
name: Mandel, Jan
name: Eben, Kryštof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62H12, 62F12

description: The asymptotic variance of the maximum likelihood estimate is proved to decrease when the maximization is restricted to a subspace that contains the true parameter value. Maximum likelihood estimation allows a systematic fitting of covariance models to the sample, which is important in data assimilation. The hierarchical maximum likelihood approach is applied to the spectral diagonal covariance model with different parameterizations of eigenvalue decay, and to the sparse inverse covariance model with specified parameter values on different sets of nonzero entries. It is shown computationally that using smaller sets of parameters can decrease the sampling noise in high dimension substantially.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures; better resolution images
Parabolic conformally symplectic structures III; Invariant differential operators and complexes
Creators: name: Cap, Andreas
name: Salac, Tomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D05, 53D10, 53C15, 58J10 (Primary), 53C10, 53C55 (Secondary)

description: This is the last part of a series of articles on a family of geometric structures (PACS-structures) which all have an underlying almost conformally symplectic structure. While the first part of the series was devoted to the general study of these structures, the second part focused on the case that the underlying structure is conformally symplectic (PCS-structures). In that case, we obtained a close relation to parabolic contact structures via a concept of parabolic contactification. It was also shown that special symplectic connections (and thus all connections of exotic symplectic holonomy) arise as the canonical connection of such a structure. In this last part, we use parabolic contactifications and constructions related to Bernstein-Gelfand-Gelfand (BGG) sequences for parabolic contact structures, to construct sequences of differential operators naturally associated to a PCS-structure. In particular, this gives rise to a large family of complexes of differential operators associated to a special symplectic connection. In some cases, large families of complexes for more general instances of PCS-structures are obtained.
description: 36 pages, comments are welcome v2: Small corrections; changed references to first two parts in order to comply with new numbering in published versions, also changed numbering of this part to a style similar to part I
Coherent Neutrino Scattering with Low Temperature Bolometers at Chooz Reactor Complex
Creators: name: Billard, J.
name: Carr, R.
name: Dawson, J.
name: Figueroa-Feliciano, E.
name: Formaggio, J. A.
name: Gascon, J.
name: De Jesus, M.
name: Johnston, J.
name: Lasserre, T.
name: Leder, A.
name: Palladino, K. J.
name: Trowbridge, S. H.
name: Vivier, M.
name: Winslow, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the potential sensitivity of a future recoil detector for a first detection of the process of coherent elastic neutrino nucleus scattering (CE$ν$NS). We use the Chooz reactor complex in France as our luminous source of reactor neutrinos. Leveraging the ability to cleanly separate the rate correlated with the reactor thermal power against (uncorrelated) backgrounds, we show that a 10 kilogram cryogenic bolometric array with 100 eV threshold should be able to extract a CE$ν$NS signal within one year of running.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Polyconvexity and Existence Theorem for Nonlinearly Elastic Shells
Creators: name: Anicic, Sylvia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 74K25

description: We present an existence theorem for a large class of nonlinearly elastic shells with low regularity in the framework of a two-dimensional theory involving the mean and Gaussian curvatures. We restrict our discussion to hyperelastic materials, that is to elastic materials possessing a stored energy function. Under some specific conditions of polyconvexity, coerciveness and growth of the stored energy function, we prove the existence of global minimizers. In addition, we define a general class of polyconvex stored energy functions which satisfies a coerciveness inequality.
description: 13 pages
MPEC 2023-E76 : 2022 GE3
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Self-organized critical behavior and marginality in Ising spin glasses
Creators: name: Sharma, Auditya
name: Yeo, Joonhyun
name: Moore, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied numerically the states reached in a quench from various temperatures in the one-dimensional fully-connected Kotliar, Anderson and Stein Ising spin glass model. This is a model where there are long-range interactions between the spins which falls off a\ s a power $σ$ of their separation. We have made a detailed study in particular of the energies of the states reached in a quench from infinite temperature and their overlaps, including the spin glass susceptibility. In the regime where $σ\le 1/2$, where th\ e model is similar to the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model, we find that the spin glass susceptibility diverges logarithmically with increasing $N$, the number of spins in the system, whereas for $σ> 1/2$ it remains finite. We attribute the behavior for $σ\le 1/\ 2$ to \emph {self-organized critical behavior}, where the system after the quench is close to the transition between states which have trivial overlaps and those with the non-trivial overlaps associated with replica symmetry breaking. We have also found by studying the d\ istribution of local fields that the states reached in the quench have marginal stability but only when $σ\le 1/2$.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures. Modified format, new figures and a new section on marginality. Final published version
MPEC 2023-P68 : 2023 PY
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 PY

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Topology-optimized Dual-Polarization Dirac Cones
Creators: name: Lin, Zin
name: Christakis, Lysander
name: Li, Yang
name: Mazur, Eric
name: Rodriguez, Alejandro W.
name: Lončar, Marko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply a large-scale computational technique, known as topology optimization, to the inverse design of photonic Dirac cones. In particular, we report on a variety of photonic crystal geometries, realizable in simple isotropic dielectric materials, which exhibit dual-polarization and dual-wavelength Dirac cones. We demonstrate the flexibility of this technique by designing photonic crystals of different symmetry types, such as ones with four-fold and six-fold rotational symmetry, which possess Dirac cones at different points within the Brillouin zone. The demonstrated and related optimization techniques could open new avenues to band-structure engineering and manipulating the propagation of light in periodic media, with possible applications in exotic optical phenomena such as effective zero-index media and topological photonics.