cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Electron acceleration in relativistic GRB shocks
Creators: name: Medvedev, Mikhail V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The shock model of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) contains two equipartition parameters: the magnetic energy density and the kinetic energy density of the electrons relative to the total energy density of the shock, "epsilon_B" and "epsilon_e", respectively. These are free parameters within the model. Whereas the Weibel shock theory and numerical simulations fix "epsilon_B" at the level of ~few times(10^{-3}...10^{-4}), no understanding of "epsilon_e" exists so far. Here we demonstrate that it inevitably follows from the theory that "epsilon_e"~(epsilon_B)^(1/2). The GRB afteglow data fully agree with this theoretical prediction. Our result explains why the electrons are close to equipartition in GRBs. The "epsilon_e"-"epsilon_B" relation can potentially be used to reduce the number of free parameters in afterglow models.
description: 4 pages, 2 figs; ApJL accepted
Physics of Psychophysics: it is critical to sense
Creators: name: Copelli, Mauro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been known for about a century that psychophysical response curves (perception of a given physical stimulus vs. stimulus intensity) have a large dynamic range: many decades of stimulus intensity can be appropriately discriminated before saturation. This is in stark contrast with the response curves of sensory neurons, whose dynamic range is small, usually covering only about one decade. We claim that this paradox can be solved by means of a collective phenomenon. By coupling excitable elements with small dynamic range, the {\em collective} response function shows a much larger dynamic range, due to the amplification mediated by excitable waves. Moreover, the dynamic range is optimal at the phase transition where self-sustained activity becomes stable, providing a clear example of a biologically relevant quantity being optimized at criticality. We present a pedagogical account of these ideas, which are illustrated with a simple mean field model.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures. Contribution to the 9th Granada Seminar in Computational and Statistical Physics. Computational and Mathematical Modelling of Cooperative Behavior in Neural Systems, (2006). University of Granada, Spain. AIP Proceedings
A possible interrelation between the estimated luminosity distances and internal extinctions of type Ia supernovae
Creators: name: Balazs, L. G.
name: Hetesi, Zs.
name: Regaly, Zs.
name: Csizmadia, Sz.
name: Bagoly, Zs.
name: Horvath, I.
name: Meszaros, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied the statistical properties of the luminosity distance and internal extinction data of type Ia supernovae in the lists published by Tonry et al. (2003) and Barris et al. (2004). After selecting the luminosity distance in an empty Universe as a reference level we divided the sample into low $z<0.25$ and high $z \ge 0.25$ parts. We further divided these subsamples by the median of the internal extinction. Performing sign tests using the standardized residuals between the estimated logarithmic luminosity distances and those of an empty universe, on the four subsamples separately, we recognized that the residuals were distributed symmetrically in the low redshift region, independently from the internal extinction. On the contrary, the low extinction part of the data of $z \ge 0.25$ clearly showed an excess of the points with respect to an empty Universe which was not the case in the high extinction region. This diversity pointed to an interrelation between the estimated luminosity distance and internal extinction. To characterize quantitatively this interrelation we introduced a hidden variable making use of the technics of factor analysis. After subtracting that part of the residual which was explained by the hiddenmaking use of the technics of factor analysis. After subtracting that part of the residual which was explained by the hidden variable we obtained luminosity distances which were already free from interrelation with internal extinction. Fitting the corrected luminosity distances with cosmological models we concluded that the SN Ia data alone did not exclude the possibility of the $Λ=0$ solution.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomische Nachrichten
Implementable coupling of Lévy process and Brownian motion
Creators: name: Fomichov, Vladimir
name: Cázares, Jorge González
name: Ivanovs, Jevgenijs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G51 (Primary)

description: We provide a simple algorithm for construction of Brownian paths approximating those of a Lévy process on a finite time interval. It requires knowledge of the Lévy process trajectory on a chosen regular grid and the law of its endpoint, or the ability to simulate from that. This algorithm is based on reordering of Brownian increments, and it can be applied in a recursive manner. We establish an upper bound on the mean squared maximal distance between the paths and determine a suitable mesh size in various asymptotic regimes. The analysis proceeds by reduction to the comonotonic coupling of increments. Applications to model risk and multilevel Monte Carlo are discussed in detail, and numerical examples are provided.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures
Theory of Optical Transmission through Elliptical Nanohole Arrays
Creators: name: Strelniker, Yakov M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theory which explains (in the quasistatic limit) the experimentally observed [R. Gordon, {\it et al}, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 92}, 037401 (2004)] squared dependence of the depolarization ratio on the aspect ratio of the holes, as well as other features of extraordinary light transition. We calculated the effective dielectric tensor of a metal film penetrated by elliptical cylindrical holes and found the extraordinarily light transmission at special frequencies related to the surface plasmon resonances of the composite film. We also propose to use the magnetic field for getting a strong polarization effect, which depends on the ratio of the cyclotron to plasmon frequencies.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
A Triple AGN in the NGC 7733-7734 Merging Group
Creators: name: Yadav, Jyoti
name: Das, Mousumi
name: Barway, Sudhanshu
name: Combes, Francoise
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: Galaxy interactions and mergers can lead to supermassive black hole (SMBH) binaries which become active galactic nuclei (AGN) pairs when the SMBHs start accreting mass. If there is a third galaxy involved in the interaction, then a triple AGN system can form. Aims: Our goal is to investigate the nature of the nuclear emission from the galaxies in the interacting pair NGC\,7733--NGC\,7734 using archival VLT/MUSE Integral field spectrograph data and study its relation to the stellar mass distribution traced by near-infrared (NIR) observations from the South African Astronomical Observatory (SAAO). Methods:We conducted near-infrared observations using the SAAO and identified the morphological properties of bulges in each galaxy. We used MUSE data to obtain a set of ionized emission lines from each galaxy and studied the ionization mechanism. We also examined the relation of the galaxy pair with any nearby companions with Far-UV observations using the UVIT. Conclusions: The emission line analysis from the central regions of NGC\,7733 and NGC\,7734 show Seyfert and LINER type AGN activity. The galaxy pair NGC\,7733--34 also shows evidence of a third component, which has Seyfert-like emission. Hence, the galaxy pair NGC\,7733--34 forms a triple AGN system. We also detected an Extended Narrow-line region (ENLR) associated with the nucleus of NGC\,7733.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, accepted in A&A letters
Tο φαινόμενο της διεθνούς μετανάστευσης εξειδικευμένου εργατικού δυναμικού: η περίπτωση της Ελλάδας
Creators: name: Μάρκου, Ευδοκία Αθανασίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2020
Subjects: Διαρροή εγκεφάλων
Ανθρώπινο κεφάλαιο
Υψηλά καταρτισμένο προσωπικό
Brain drain
Human capital
Skilled international migration

description: Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία αναλύει το φαινόμενο της μετανάστευσης και συγκεκριμένα της διαφυγής επιστημονικού προσωπικού στο εξωτερικό "brain drain" και τη σχέση της με την οικονομία. Αρχικά, μέσω θεωρητικής προσέγγισης βασισμένη σε ξένη και ελληνική βιβλιογραφία, γίνεται αναφορά στον ορισμό και στην προέλευση του φαινομένου "brain drain", επιχειρείται η ανάδειξη της έκτασης των αιτίων και των επιπτώσεων του φαινομένου, δίνοντας έμφαση στην σημασία και την αξία του ανθρώπινου κεφαλαίου στην οικονομική μεγέθυνση μιας χώρας. Στην συνέχεια, μελετάτε η περίπτωση της Ελλάδας μέσω περιγραφικής στατιστικής, όπως οι μεταναστευτικές ροές, το ποσοστό ανεργίας, το ανθρώπινο κεφάλαιο, οι δημόσιες δαπάνες για εκπαίδευση και υγεία καθώς και η μεταβολή του Ακαθάριστου Εγχώριου Προϊόντος (ΑΕΠ) κατά τη χρονική περίοδο 1960-2017. Προκύπτει ότι, ενώ στην δεκαετία του ΄60 η μετανάστευση είχε μία θετική επίδραση στην οικονομική μεγέθυνση, η επίδραση αυτή σταδιακά μειώθηκε με αποτέλεσμα την τελευταία δεκαετία να μετατραπεί σε αρνητική
description: This study analyses the phenomenon of migration and more specifically the phenomenon of what is known as "brain drain" and its relationship with the economy. Initially, through a theoretical approach which is based on foreign and greek literature, reference is made to the definition and origin of the "brain drain" phenomenon, the extent of the causes and effects of this phenomenon is highlighted and the importance of the value of human capital in a country's economic growth is analyzed. Next, we study the special case of Greece through descriptive statistics, such as migration flows, unemployment rate, human capital, public expenditure on education and health as well as the change in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) over the period 1960-2017. It is apparent that, while in the 1960s migration had a positive effect on economic growth, this effect has gradually decreased thus turning negative over the last decade
title: Use of multivariate clustering analysis to investigate the physicochemical interactions in bitumen mastics using micromechanical modeling and FTIR spectroscopy
Creators: name: Motevalizadeh, Seyed Mohsen
name: Mollenhauer, Konrad
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: micromechanical modeling
subject: physicochemical interactions
subject: adsorbed interphase layer
subject: warm mix asphalt
subject: foamed bitumen
subject: 660
subject: Mikromechanik
subject: Modell
subject: Physikalisch-chemische Eigenschaft
subject: Asphalt
subject: Bitumen
subject: FT-IR-Spektroskopie

description: Gefördert im Rahmen des Projekts DEAL
Μελέτη των επιχειρηματικών και οικονομικών συνεπειών του παράνομου εμπορίου ναρκωτικών στην εθνική οικονομία – βιβλιογραφική ανασκόπηση
Creators: name: Ιωαννίδης, Δημήτριος Ιωάννη
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2020
Subjects: Εμπόριο Ναρκωτικών
Εθνική Οικονομία
Οργανωμένο Έγκλημα και Βία
Drug Trafficking
National economy
Organized Crime and Violence

description: Σκοπός αυτής της πτυχιακής εργασίας είναι η μελέτη και η ανασκόπηση των συνεπειών που φέρει το παράνομο εμπόριο ναρκωτικών στην εθνική οικονομία μιας χώρας. Η παραγωγή ναρκωτικών ήταν ανέκαθεν μια πληγή στις υποανάπτυκτες και ανεπτυγμένες χώρες που το παγκόσμιο σύστημα έχει δημιουργήσει. Το φαινόμενο της διακίνησης ναρκωτικών παγκοσμίως γίνεται με την ανοχή των εκάστοτε κρατών - κυβερνήσεων και αποτελεί κομμάτι της παραοικονομίας ή αλλιώς μαύρης αγοράς για κάθε κράτος. Σε αυτή την εργασία θα γίνει αναλυτική παρουσίαση των συνεπειών που έχει στα οικονομικά ενός κράτους το παράνομο εμπόριο ναρκωτικών, ξεκινώντας από τις παλαιότερες δεκαετίες και φτάνοντας μέχρι και στο σήμερα, σύμφωνα πάντα με στοιχεία από επιστημονικές μελέτες και άρθρα, καθώς επίσης και το παρόν και μέλλον της οικονομίας με την ύπαρξη παράνομών ουσιών προς διακίνηση και χρήση. Επίσης θα αναδειχθεί και το θέμα της βίας που εμπεριέχεται και σχετίζεται με το εμπόριο ναρκωτικών από διάφορες εμπλεκόμενες ομάδες οργανωμένου ή/και μη οργανωμένου εγκλήματος
description: The purpose of this dissertation is to study and review the effects of illicit drug trafficking on a country's national economy. Drug production has always been a scourge in the underdeveloped and developed countries that the global system has created. The phenomenon of drug trafficking worldwide is done with the tolerance of the respective states - governments and is part of the shadow economy or black market for each state. This paper will provide a detailed overview of the effects of illicit drug trafficking on the finances of a state, dating back decades and to the present day, according to scientific studies and articles, as well as the present and the future. of the economy with the existence of illegal substances for distribution and use. It will also highlight the issue of violence involved in and related to drug trafficking by various groups involved in organized and / or unorganized crime
The Mesoscale Crystallinity of Nacreous Pearls
Creators: name: Gim, Jiseok
name: Koch, Alden
name: Otter, Laura M.
name: Savitzky, Benjamin H.
name: Erland, Sveinung
name: Estroff, Lara A.
name: Jacob, Dorrit E.
name: Hovden, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A pearl's distinguished beauty and toughness are attributable to the periodic stacking of aragonite tablets known as nacre. Nacre has naturally occurring mesoscale periodicity that remarkably arises in the absence of discrete translational symmetry. Gleaning the inspiring biomineral design of a pearl requires quantifying its structural coherence and understanding the stochastic processes that influence formation. By characterizing the entire structure of pearls (~3 mm) in cross-section at high resolution, we show nacre has medium-range mesoscale periodicity. Self-correcting growth mechanisms actively remedy disorder and topological defects of the tablets and act as a countervailing process to long-range disorder. Nacre has a correlation length of roughly 16 tablets (~5.5 um) despite persistent fluctuations and topological defects. For longer distances (> 25 tablets, ~8.5 um), the frequency spectrum of nacre tablets follows f^(-1.5) behavior suggesting growth is coupled to external stochastic processes-a universality found across disparate natural phenomena which now includes pearls.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures, PNAS 118(42)
Εξατομικευμένη Σύσταση Βέλτιστης Διαδρομής
Creators: name: Σαρρίδης, Ιωάννης Δημητρίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2020
Subjects: Υπεργραφήματα
Βέλτιστα Μονοπάτια
Σύσταση Διαδρομής
Hypergraphs
Shortest Paths
Route Recommendation

description: Στην παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία εξετάζεται το πρόβλημα της εξατομικευμένης σύστασης τουριστικής διαδρομής. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, γίνεται μελέτη των υπεργραφημάτων ως μέθοδος μοντελοποίησης των τουριστικών προτιμήσεων ενός χρήστη. Επίσης, αναλύονται τεχνικές σύλληψης οπτικής πληροφορίας και πληροφορίας κειμένου, με σκοπό τη δημιουργία ενός υπεργραφήματος. Στη συνέχεια, μελετάται μια ποικιλία αλγορίθμων εύρεσης συντομότερων μονοπατιών, τόσο με ένα, όσο και με πολλαπλά κριτήρια. Έπειτα, παρουσιάζεται ένας νέος αλγόριθμος εύρεσης βέλτιστων διαδρομών, ο οποίος αποτελεί μια πρακτική λύση στο πρόβλημα των απλών συντομότερων μονοπατιών, με πολλαπλά κριτήρια, σε μικρά γραφήματα με αρνητικά βάρη και αρνητικούς κύκλους. Ο συνδυασμός των παραπάνω οδηγεί στη δημιουργία ενός ενιαίου μοντέλου εξατομικευμένης σύστασης τουριστικής διαδρομής σε πραγματικό χρόνο
description: In this thesis, the problem of personalized touristic route recommendation is studied. Hypergraphs are considered as a method to model user preferences. Methods that capture visual and text information are analyzed in order to construct the hypergraph. Furthermore, a variety of single and multi objective shortest path algorithms are studied. Moreover, a novel multi objective shortest path algorithm is proposed. This algorithm is a practical solution for multi objective shortest simple path problem in graphs with limited number of nodes, negative weights, and negative cycles. A framework for personalized touristic route recommendation is presented. The framework consists of a hypergraph and the proposed algorithm and is executed in real time
Coexisting tuneable fractions of glassy and equilibrium long-range-order phases in manganites
Creators: name: Banerjee, A.
name: Pramanik, A. K.
name: Kumar, Kranti
name: Chaddah, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Antiferromagnetic-insulating(AF-I) and the ferromagnetic-metallic(FM-M) phases coexist in various half-doped manganites over a range of temperature and magnetic field, and this is often believed to be an essential ingredient to their colossal magnetoresistence. We present magnetization and resistivity measurements on Pr(0.5)Ca(0.5)Mn(0.975)Al(0.025)O(3) and Pr(0.5)Sr(0.5)MnO(3) showing that the fraction of the two coexisting phases at low-temperature in any specified measuring field H, can be continuously controlled by following designed protocols traversing field-temperature space; for both materials the FM-M fraction rises under similar cooling paths. Constant-field temperature variations however show that the former sample undergoes a 1st order transition from AF-I to FM-M with decreasing T, while the latter undergoes the reverse transition. We suggest that the observed path-dependent phase-separated states result from the low-T equilibrium phase coexisting with supercooled glass-like high temperature phase, where the low-T equilibrium phases are actually homogeneous FM-M and AF-I phases respectively for the two materials.
Isotherms clustering in cosmic microwave background
Creators: name: Bershadskii, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the strong clustering of luminous matter in the observable universe is a consequence of an initial non-uniformity of the baryon-photon fluid in the last scattering surface, an investigation of clustering of the isotherms in the cosmic microwave background has been performed. The isotherms clustering has been related to the baryon-photon fluid dynamics and the Taylor-microscale Reynolds number of this motion is estimated to be $10^2$. 3-year WMAP cosmic microwave background map has been used in this investigation.
IPSAS AND FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN PUBLIC SECTOR ENTITIES IN ANAMBRA STATE
Creators: name: Ochie,, Chijioke Isaac
Publisher: name: SADI Journal
Year: 2024
Subjects: IPSAS, Financial management practices and Public sector entities

description: The study examined the extent to which the adoption of IPSAS leads to better financial management practices among public sector entities in Anambra state. Descriptive cross-sectional survey research design was utilized in the study. The population of the study was made up of 244 full-time staff of selected public organisations in Awka Metropolis from which a sample size of 152 respondents were chosen. In this study, primary data were collected using self-administered questionnaires composed of closed-ended questions. The study's descriptive statistical analysis utilized measures such as mean, frequency counts, and percentages. The hypothesis was tested using the Spearman Ranked Order Correlation Coefficient, which was calculated using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 25. The findings revealed that: the adoption of IPSAS significantly leads to better financial management practices among public sector entities in Anambra State (rho = 0.901, p-value < 0.000). In conclusion, as public organizations continue to adopt these standards, it is likely that they will experience further improvements in their operational efficiency and accountability, ultimately benefiting the broader public sector domain in Nigeria
On the Mass Loading of AGN-Driven Outflows in Elliptical Galaxies and Clusters
Creators: name: Qiu, Yu
name: McNamara, Brian R.
name: Bogdanovic, Tamara
name: Inayoshi, Kohei
name: Ho, Luis C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Outflows driven by active galactic nuclei (AGN) are an important channel for accreting supermassive black holes (SMBHs) to interact with their host galaxies and clusters. Properties of the outflows are however poorly constrained due to the lack of kinetically resolved data of the hot plasma that permeates the circumgalactic and intracluster space. In this work, we use a single parameter, outflow-to-accretion mass-loading factor $m=\dot{M}_{\rm out}/\dot{M}_{\rm BH}$, to characterize the outflows that mediate the interaction between SMBHs and their hosts. By modeling both M87 and Perseus, and comparing the simulated thermal profiles with the X-ray observations of these two systems, we demonstrate that $m$ can be constrained between $200-500$. This parameter corresponds to a bulk flow speed between $4,000-7,000\,{\rm km\,s}^{-1}$ at around 1 kpc, and a thermalized outflow temperature between $10^{8.7}-10^{9}\,{\rm K}$. Our results indicate that the dominant outflow speeds in giant elliptical galaxies and clusters are much lower than in the close vicinity of the SMBH, signaling an efficient coupling with and deceleration by the surrounding medium on length scales below 1 kpc. Consequently, AGNs may be efficient at launching outflows $\sim10$ times more massive than previously uncovered by measurements of cold, obscuring material. We also examine the mass and velocity distribution of the cold gas, which ultimately forms a rotationally supported disk in simulated clusters. The rarity of such disks in observations indicates that further investigations are needed to understand the evolution of the cold gas after it forms.
description: 23 pages, 12 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in ApJ
On The Equivalence of Soft and Zero-Bin Subtractions
Creators: name: Mehen, Thomas
name: Idilbi, Ahmad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Zero-bin subtractions are required to avoid double counting soft contributions in collinear loop integrals in Soft-Collinear Effective Theory (SCET). In traditional approaches to factorization, double counting is avoided by dividing jet functions by matrix elements of soft Wilson lines. In this paper, we compare the two approaches to double counting, studying the quark form factor and deep inelastic scattering (DIS) as x_B \to 1 as examples. We explain how the zero-bin subtractions in SCET are required to reproduce the well-established factorization theorem for DIS as x_B \to 1. We study one-loop virtual contributions to the quark form factor and real gluon emission diagrams in DIS. The two approaches to double counting are equivalent if dimensional regularization (DR) is used to regulate infrared (IR) divergences. We discuss in detail ambiguities in the calculation of one-loop scaleless integrals in DR in SCET and perturbative QCD. We also demonstrate a nontrivial check of the equivalence of the zero-bin subtraction and the soft Wilson line subtraction in the virtual two-loop Abelian contributions to the quark form factor.
description: 24 pages, 6 figures
Density scaling as a property of strongly correlating viscous liquids
Creators: name: Schrøder, Thomas B.
name: Pedersen, Ulf R.
name: Dyre, Jeppe C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address a recent conjecture according to which the relaxation time $τ$ of a viscous liquid obeys density scaling ($τ=F(ρ^γ/T)$ where $ρ$ is density) if the liquid is ``strongly correlating,'' i.e., has almost 100% correlation between equilibrium virial and potential-energy fluctuations [Pedersen {\it et al.}, PRL {\bf 100}, 011201 (2008)]. Computer simulations of two model liquids - an asymmetric dumbbell model and the Lewis-Wahnström OTP model - confirm the conjecture and demonstrate that the scaling exponent $γ$ can be accurately predicted from equilibrium fluctuations.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures. Data added for Lewis-Wahnstrom OTP
Ο ρόλος του διεθνούς δικαίου στις υποθέσεις ντόπινγκ ενώπιον του διαιτητικού αθλητικού δικαστηρίου
Creators: name: Γκανά, Χρυσούλα Κωνσταντίνου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2020
Subjects: Ντόπινγκ
Διεθνές Αθλητικό Δικαστήριο
Δίκαιο Ανθρωπίνων Δικαιωμάτων
Doping
Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS)
Human Rights Law

description: Σκοπός της παρούσας διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι η εξέταση του ρόλου που διαδραματίζει το δημόσιο διεθνές δίκαιο σε υποθέσεις ντόπινγκ ενώπιον του Διαιτητικού Αθλητικού Δικαστηρίου. Στην πρώτη ενότητα, παρουσιάζονται η λειτουργία και η δικαιοδοσία του Διαιτητικού Αθλητικού Δικαστηρίου, καθώς και του Ad Hoc Τμήματος Αντί-Ντόπινγκ που δημιουργήθηκε από το Διαιτητικό Αθλητικό Δικαστήριο. Θίγονται ζητήματα παραδεκτού, διαδικασίας και εφαρμοστέου δικαίου που προκύπτουν στα δύο δικαστήρια. Στη συνέχεια, γίνεται αναφορά στην επιρροή ορισμένων κειμένων διεθνούς δικαίου στη νομολογία του Διαιτητικού Αθλητικού Δικαστηρίου, όπως είναι ο Κώδικας της Διεθνούς Ένωσης Αντι-Ντόπινγκ, η Σύμβαση της UNESCO κατά του Ντόπινγκ στον Αθλητισμό και η Ευρωπαϊκή Σύμβαση Δικαιωμάτων του Ανθρώπου. Τέλος, γίνεται σχολιασμός τεσσάρων αποφάσεων ντόπινγκ του Διαιτητικού Αθλητικού Δικαστηρίου και του Ευρωπαϊκού Δικαστηρίου Δικαιωμάτων του Ανθρώπου, οι οποίες αφορούν δικονομικά και ουσιαστικά δικαιώματα των αθλητών που ενδεχομένως θίγονται μέσα από τη διαιτητική διαδικασία, βοηθώντας τον αναγνώστη να ενστερνιστεί τον τρόπο λειτουργίας του Διαιτητικού Αθλητικού Δικαστηρίου και την εφαρμογή του δικαίου ανθρωπίνων δικαιωμάτων στο χώρο του αθλητισμού
description: The purpose of this thesis is to examine the influence of public international law in anti-doping cases of the Court of Arbitration for Sport. In the first section, the function and the jurisdiction of the Court of Arbitration for Sport and of its Ad Hoc Anti-Doping Division are presented. Issues regarding admissibility, procedure and applicable law are broached, which emerge in both courts. Moreover, the influence of certain international law documents in Court of Arbitration for Sport’s jurisprudence is mentioned, namely the World Anti-Doping Code, the UNESCO Convention against Doping in Sport and the European Convention of Human Rights. To conclude, four doping cases judged by the Court of Arbitration for Sport and the European Court of Human Rights are commented, related to the athletes’ procedural and substantial rights which might be affected by the arbitration procedure, in order to help the reader take in the function of the Court of Arbitration for Sport and the application of human rights law in the world of sport
The Inner Rim of YSO Disks: Effects of dust grain evolution
Creators: name: Tannirkulam, A.
name: Harries, T. J.
name: Monnier, J. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dust-grain growth and settling are the first steps towards planet formation. An understanding of dust physics is therefore integral to a complete theory of the planet formation process. In this paper, we explore the possibility of using the dust evaporation front in YSO disks (`the inner rim') as a probe of the dust physics operating in circumstellar disks. The geometry of the rim depends sensitively on the composition and spatial distribution of dust. Using radiative transfer and hydrostatic equilibrium calculations we demonstrate that dust growth and settling can curve the evaporation front dramatically (from a cylindrical radius of about 0.5 AU in the disk mid-plane to 1.2 AU in the disk upper layers for an A0 star). We compute synthetic images and interferometric visibilities for our representative rim models and show that the current generation of near-IR long-baseline interferometers (VLTI, CHARA) can strongly constrain the dust properties of circumstellar disks, shedding light on the relatively poorly understood processes of grain growth, settling and turbulent mixing.
description: 26 pages, 9 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Chiral non-Abelian vortices and their confinement in three flavor dense QCD
Creators: name: Eto, Minoru
name: Nitta, Muneto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find chiral non-Abelian vortices having windings only in one of the diquark condensations of left-handed and right-handed quarks in the color-flavor locked phase of dense QCD. They are the minimum vortices carrying half color magnetic fluxes of those of non-Abelian semi-superfluid vortices (color magnetic flux tubes) and 1/6 quantized superfluid circulations of Abelian superfluid vortices. These vortices carry ${\mathbb C}P^2$ orientational moduli in the internal space corresponding to their fluxes. The ${\mathbb C}P^2$ moduli of two chiral non-Abelian vortices with chiralities opposite to each other are energetically favored to be aligned while those of a vortex and anti-vortex to be orthogonal, and then these vortices attract each other. They are attached by chiral domain walls in the presence of the mass and axial anomaly terms explicitly breaking axial and chiral symmetries. We numerically show that two chiral non-Abelian vortices with chiralities opposite to each other are connected by a chiral domain wall, consisting a mesonic bound state which is nothing but a non-Abelian semi-superfluid vortex. We also show that Abelian and non-Abelian axial vortices attached by chiral domain walls are all unstable to decay into a set of chiral non-Abelian vortices. Furthermore, we find that chiral non-Abelian vortices exhibit unique features: one is the so-called topological obstruction implying that unbroken symmetry generators in the bulk are not defined globally around the vortices, and the other is color non-singlet Aharonov-Bohm (AB) phases implying that quarks encircling these vortices can detect the colors of magnetic fluxes of them at infinite distances.
description: 40 pages, 4 figures, title changed, discussions expanded, numerical solutions and references added, to appear in Phys.Rev.D
Μετρό Θεσσαλονίκης και Λειτουργούν Κτηματολόγιο
Creators: name: Χρίστογλου, Αθανάσιος Αναστασίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2020
Subjects: Μετρό
Τρισδιάστατο Κτηματολόγιο
Κτηματολόγιο
Underground
3D Cadastre
Land registry

description: Σκοπός της μεταπτυχιακής εργασίας ήταν η παρουσίαση της αναγκαιότητας δημιουργίας ενός τρισδιάστατου Κτηματολογίου, με αφορμή την κατασκευή του Μετρό Θεσσαλονίκης. Αφού πραγματοποιήθηκε μια ιστορική αναδρομή σε αξιοσημείωτες σήραγγες, σημαντικά Μετρό ανά τον κόσμο, παρουσιάστηκαν μέθοδοι κατασκευής Μετρό. Εν συνεχεία, παρουσιάστηκαν για το Μετρό Θεσσαλονίκης ανακύψαντα θέματα αρχαιολογικού ενδιαφέροντος, απαλλοτριώσεων, καθώς και το θεσμικό τους πλαίσιο. Έπειτα, παρουσιάζεται η αναγκαιότητα ένταξης του Μετρό Αθηνών και Θεσσαλονίκης στην Ιδιωτική Περιουσία του Δημοσίου καθώς και η συσχέτισή του με το υπάρχον σύστημα του Κτηματολογίου. Τέλος παρουσιάζονται νομικές και τεχνικές πτυχές τρισδιάστατων συστημάτων Κτηματολογίου ανά τον κόσμο, καθώς και το τι ισχύει στην Ελλάδα
description: The purpose of the master's thesis was to present the necessity of creating a three dimensional Land Registry, on the occasion of the construction of the Thessaloniki Metro. After a historic overhaul of major tunnels, major metro stations around the world, Metro construction methods were introduced. Subsequently, issues of archaeological interest, expropriations, as well as their institutional framework were raised for the Thessaloniki Metro. Then, the need to include the Athens and Thessaloniki Metro in the Private Property of the State as well as its correlation with the existing system of the Land Registry is presented. Finally, legal and technical aspects of 3D Cadastral systems around the world are presented, as well as what is valid in Greece
Nonexistence of random gradient Gibbs measures in continuous interface models in $d=2$
Creators: name: van Enter, Aernout C. D.
name: Külske, Christof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60K57, 82B24, 82B44 (Primary)

description: We consider statistical mechanics models of continuous spins in a disordered environment. These models have a natural interpretation as effective interface models. It is well known that without disorder there are no interface Gibbs measures in infinite volume in dimension $d=2$, while there are ``gradient Gibbs measures'' describing an infinite-volume distribution for the increments of the field, as was shown by Funaki and Spohn. In the present paper we show that adding a disorder term prohibits the existence of such gradient Gibbs measures for general interaction potentials in $d=2$. This nonexistence result generalizes the simple case of Gaussian fields where it follows from an explicit computation. In $d=3$ where random gradient Gibbs measures are expected to exist, our method provides a lower bound of the order of the inverse of the distance on the decay of correlations of Gibbs expectations w.r.t. the distribution of the random environment.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/07-AAP446 the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Rough translation of file 022_B (collection LA 256)
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Spence, Justin
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio file VP-010214-06: Rough translation (minute-by-minute) of file 022_B (tape 022, side B) from LA 256 (collection of recordings given to the Berkeley Language Center by Verdena), from 33:02 to the end of the file; no transcription in this session, translation only. Due to re-numbering, tape 022_B has been assigned to the CLA item number LA256.022, audio file LA256.022B.
Elicitation of vocabulary related to plants and animals
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Spence, Justin
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio file VP-010214-05: Elicitation of vocabulary related to plants and animals, focusing on items that are not found in Hupa Language Dictionary, including ones that were transcribed by C. Hart Merriam (Bancroft Library, BANC FILM 1022, reel 52, A/1b/NH2). Many of the words were not recognized, but Verdena was able to confirm some of them.
The Cosmic Ray Distribution in Sagittarius B
Creators: name: Crocker, Roland M.
name: Jones, David
name: Protheroe, Raymond J.
name: Ott, Juergen
name: Ekers, Ron
name: Melia, Fulvio
name: Stanev, Todor
name: Green, Anne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The HESS instrument has observed a diffuse flux of ~ TeV gamma rays from a large solid angle around the Galactic center (GC). This emission is correlated with the distribution of gas in the region suggesting that the gamma rays originate in collisions between cosmic ray hadrons (CRHs) and ambient matter. Of particular interest, HESS has detected gamma rays from the Sagittarius (Sgr) B Molecular Cloud Complex. Prompted by the suggestion of a hadronic origin for the gamma rays, we have examined archival 330 and 74 MHz Very Large Array radio data and 843 MHz Sydney University Molonglo Sky Survey data covering Sgr B, looking for synchrotron emission from secondary electrons and positrons (expected to be created in the same interactions that supply the observed gamma rays). Intriguingly, we have uncovered non-thermal emission, but at a level exceeding expectation. Adding to the overall picture, recent observations by the Atacama Pathfinder Experiment telescope show that the cosmic ray ionization rate is ten times greater in the Sgr B2 region of Sgr B than the local value. Lastly, Sgr B2 is also a very bright X-ray source. We examine scenarios for the spectra of CRHs and/or primary electrons that would reconcile all these different data. We determine that (i) a hard (~ E^-2.2), high-energy (> TeV) population CRHs is unavoidably required by the HESS gamma ray data and (ii) the remaining broad-band, non-thermal phenomenology is explained either by a rather steep (~ E^-2.9) spectrum of primary electrons or a (~ E^-2.7) population of CRHs. No single, power-law population of either leptons or hadrons can explain the totality of broadband, non-thermal Sgr B phenomenology.
description: 45 pages, 5 figures; Minor revisions - version accepted for publication in ApJ
A Systematic Survey for z < 0.04 Changing-Look AGNs
Creators: name: Senarath, Madhooshi R.
name: Brown, Michael J. I.
name: Cluver, Michelle E.
name: Jarrett, Thomas H.
name: Wolf, Christian
name: Ross, Nicholas P.
name: Lucey, John R.
name: Parkash, Vaishali
name: Hon, Wei J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have conducted a systematic survey for z $
description: Accepted for publication in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society; 15 pages, 9 figures and 4 tables
Bose-Einstein Condensation and Casimir Effect of Trapped Ideal Bose Gas in between two Slabs
Creators: name: Biswas, Shyamal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Bose-Einstein condensation for a 3-d system of ideal Bose gas which is harmonically trapped along two perpendicular directions and is confined in between two slabs along the other perpendicular direction. We calculate the Casimir force between the two slabs for this system of trapped Bose gas. At finite temperatures this force for thermalized photons in between two plates has a classical expression which is independent of $\hbar$. At finite temperatures the Casimir force for our system depends on $\hbar$. For the calculation of Casimir force we consider only the Dirichlet boundary condition. We show that below condensation temperature($T_c$) the Casimir force for this non-interacting system decreases with temperature($T$) and at $T\gtrsim T_c$, it is independent of temperature. We also discuss the Casimir effect on 3-d highly anisotropic harmonically trapped ideal Bose gas.
description: 4 pages
Χρηματοδοτήσεις εταιρειών-Στατιστική ανάλυση των δεδομένων της πλατφόρμας Crunchbase
Creators: name: Ιωσηφίδου, Αικατερίνη Γεωργίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2020
Subjects: Περιγραφική στατιστική
Έλεγχος υποθέσεων
Τεχνητή νοημοσύνη
Crunchbase
Descriptive statistics
Hypothesis testing
Artificial intelligence

description: Η πλατφόρμα Crunchbase παρέχει πληροφορίες για ιδιωτικές και δημόσιες επιχειρήσεις σχετικά με επενδύσεις, χρηματοδοτήσεις και εξαγορές που έχουν πραγματοποιηθεί. Η βάση δεδομένων της αποτελείται από ένα πολύ μεγάλο αριθμό εταιρειών από διάφορες χώρες του κόσμου. Σκοπός της παρούσας εργασίας είναι με χρήση κατάλληλων μεθόδων της στατιστικής και της θεωρίας γράφων να καταλήξουμε σε συμπεράσματα που θα αφορούν τις χρηματοδοτήσεις εταιρειών. Αρχικά αναφέρονται τα εργαλεία που θα χρησιμοποιηθούν στην έρευνα, το στατιστικό πακέτο SPSS και η πλατφόρμα Social Network Visualizer. Κατόπιν, παρουσιάζονται οι μέθοδοι της περιγραφικής στατιστικής που εφαρμόστηκαν και τα συμπεράσματα που προέκυψαν κάνοντας χρήση πινάκων και διαγραμμάτων. Η έρευνα επικεντρώνεται στις χώρες που πραγματοποιούνται οι περισσότερες επενδύσεις και χρηματοδοτήσεις εταιρειών καθώς και στον τύπο χρηματοδότησης που επιλέγουν οι επενδυτές. Επίσης, εφαρμόστηκε η μέθοδος στατιστικού ελέγχου υποθέσεων για την εύρεση σημαντικών διαφορών ανάμεσα στους μέσους όρους χρηματοδότησης συγκεκριμένων χωρών. Τέλος, υπολογίστηκαν οι πιο σημαντικοί κόμβοι του δικτύου εταιρειών που ανήκουν στην κατηγορία της τεχνητής νοημοσύνης. Η εργασία ολοκληρώνεται με την εξαγωγή συμπερασμάτων που στηρίζονται στις πληροφορίες που συλλέχθηκαν από τη βιβλιογραφική ανασκόπηση και από τα αποτελέσματα της έρευνας. Με βάση τα συμπεράσματα αυτά διατυπώνονται κάποιες προτάσεις για μελλοντικές ερευνητικές εργασίες
description: The Crunchbase platform provides information for private and public companies about investments, fundings and acquisitions that have taken place. Its database consists of a very large number of companies from different countries of the world. The purpose of this thesis is to use appropriate methods of statistics and graph theory in order to draw conclusions about fundings. Initially, the tools that are used in the research, the SPSS statistical package and the Social Network Visualizer platform, are introduced. Afterwards, the applications and the conclusions of descriptive statistics methods are presented with tables and pie charts. The research focuses on the countries that attract the most foreign investments and the companies that raised the most funding as well as what type of funding investors choose. In addition, the method of hypothesis testing was performed to check for significant differences between the average amount of countries' funding. Furthermore, the most important nodes of the companies’ network were calculated using only artificial intelligence companies. The paper concludes with a discussion based on the information gathered from the literature review and the results of the research. Finally, the study provides recommendations for future research
Engineering dissipation with resistive elements in circuit quantum electrodynamics
Creators: name: Cattaneo, Marco
name: Paraoanu, Gheorghe-Sorin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The importance of dissipation engineering ranges from universal quantum computation to non-equilibrium quantum thermodynamics. In recent years, more and more theoretical and experimental studies have shown the relevance of this topic for circuit quantum electrodynamics, one of the major platforms in the race for a quantum computer. This article discusses how to simulate thermal baths by inserting resistive elements in networks of superconducting qubits. Apart from pedagogically reviewing the phenomenological and microscopic models of a resistor as thermal bath with Johnson-Nyquist noise, the paper introduces some new results in the weak coupling limit, showing that the most common examples of open quantum systems can be simulated through capacitively coupled superconducting qubits and resistors. The aim of the manuscript, written with a broad audience in mind, is to be both an instructive tutorial about how to derive and characterize the Hamiltonian of general dissipative superconducting circuits with capacitive coupling, and a review of the most relevant and topical theoretical and experimental works focused on resistive elements and dissipation engineering.
description: Accepted version
Characteristic Lie Algebras of Integrable Differential-Difference Equations in 3D
Creators: name: Habibullin, I. T.
name: Khakimova, A. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The purpose of this article is to develop an algebraic approach to the problem of integrable classification of differential-difference equations with one continuous and two discrete variables. As a classification criterion, we put forward the following hypothesis. Any integrable equation of the type under consideration admits an infinite sequence of finite-field Darboux-integrable reductions. The property of Darboux integrability of a finite-field system is formalized as finite-dimensionality condition of its characteristic Lie-Rinehart algebras. That allows one to derive effective integrability conditions in the form of differential equations on the right hand side of the equation under study. To test the hypothesis, we use known integrable equations from the class under consideration. In this article, we show that all known examples do have this property.
description: 24 pages
Σύμβαση διεθνούς και εσωτερικής οδικής μεταφοράς πραγμάτων
Creators: name: Καραπέτσα, Βασιλική Κωνσταντίνου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2020
Subjects: οδική μεταφορά πραγμάτων
εθνική μεταφορά
διεθνής μεταφορά
carriage of goods by road
national carriage
international carriage

description: Σκοπός της διπλωματικής εργασίας ήταν η μελέτη της σύμβασης οδικής μεταφοράς πραγμάτων σε διεθνές και εθνικό επίπεδο. Ειδικότερα, επικεντρώθηκε στο νομικό πλαίσιο και στις σχέσεις που διαμορφώνονται μεταξύ των συμβαλλομένων μερών και συνακόλουθα στα ζητήματα που γεννώνται στα πλαίσια των συμβάσεων αυτών. Αρχικά, έγινε μία σύντομη αναφορά στην εξέλιξη των οδικών μεταφορών διαχρονικά και στο ρόλο που διαδραματίζουν στην οικονομική και κοινωνική ανάπτυξη της χώρας. Στη συνέχεια αναλύθηκαν τα γενικά χαρακτηριστικά και η ιδιαίτερη νομική φύση της σύμβασης οδικής μεταφοράς πραγμάτων, η λειτουργία της σύμβασης και συνακόλουθα τα κρίσιμα νομικά ζητήματα που ανακύπτουν από την ανώμαλη εξέλιξή της. Ένα σημαντικό θέμα το οποίο θίξαμε ήταν η θεμελίωση και η έκταση της ευθύνης του οδικού μεταφορέα. Στο τέλος έγινε μία σύντομη αναφορά στη νεοεισαχθείσα ηλεκτρονική φορτωτική που έρχεται σταδιακά να αντικαταστήσει την παραδοσιακή φορτωτική που συνοδεύει τις οδικές μεταφορές
description: The aim of the thesis was to study the contract of international and national carriage of goods by road. In particular, we focused on the legal framework and the relations between the contracting parties and on the issues arising under these contracts. Initially, a brief reference was made to the evolution of road transport over time and their role in the economic and social development of the country. Moreover, we analyzed the general characteristics and the specific legal nature of the carriage by road, the operation of the contract and subsequently the important legal issues arising from its abnormal development. An important issue that we raised was the foundation and extent of the responsibility of the road carrier. Lastly, there was a brief reference to the newly introduced electronic bill of lading which is gradually replacing the traditional bill of lading with road transport