cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Loss-tolerant position-based quantum cryptography
Creators: name: Qi, Bing
name: Siopsis, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Position-based quantum cryptography (PBQC) allows a party to use its geographical location as its only credential to implement various cryptographic protocols. Such a protocol may lead to important applications in practice. Although it has been shown that any PBQC protocol is breakable if the adversaries pre-share an arbitrarily large entangled state, the security of PBQC in the bounded-quantum-storage model is still an open question. In this paper, we study the performance of various PBQC protocols over a lossy channel under the assumption that no entanglement is pre-shared between adversaries. By introducing the decoy state idea, we show that an extended BB84-type PBQC protocol implemented with a weak coherent source and realistic single photon detectors can tolerate an overall loss (including both the channel loss and the detection efficiency) of 13 dB if the intrinsic quantum bit error rate is 1%. We also study a few continuous variable PBQC protocols and show that they suffer from a 3 dB loss limitation.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure
Beschreiben, was einen an der Gurgel packt
Creators: name: Garhammer, Erich
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 44 Nr. 1 (2015): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 44, Heft 1
Fabricating arrays of vanadium dioxide nanodisks by focused ion-beam lithography and pulsed laser deposition
Creators: name: Suh, J.Y.
name: Haynes, T.E.
name: Feldman, L.C.
name: Lopez, R.
name: Haglund Jr., R.F.
name: Boatner, L.A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: Vanadium dioxide undergoes a structural (monoclinic to tetragonal) insulator-to-metal transition at 70°C, accompanied by large changes in electrical and optical properties. By combining focused ion-beam lithography and pulsed laser deposition, patterned nanoscale arrays of vanadium dioxide nanoparticles are created that can be used for studies of linear and nonlinear optical physics, as well as demonstrating the potential for a variety of applications.
Getting pwn'd by AI: Penetration Testing with Large Language Models
Creators: name: Happe, Andreas
name: Cito, Jürgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The field of software security testing, more specifically penetration testing, is an activity that requires high levels of expertise and involves many manual testing and analysis steps. This paper explores the potential usage of large-language models, such as GPT3.5, to augment penetration testers with AI sparring partners. We explore the feasibility of supplementing penetration testers with AI models for two distinct use cases: high-level task planning for security testing assignments and low-level vulnerability hunting within a vulnerable virtual machine. For the latter, we implemented a closed-feedback loop between LLM-generated low-level actions with a vulnerable virtual machine (connected through SSH) and allowed the LLM to analyze the machine state for vulnerabilities and suggest concrete attack vectors which were automatically executed within the virtual machine. We discuss promising initial results, detail avenues for improvement, and close deliberating on the ethics of providing AI-based sparring partners.
Size-dependent optical properties of VO2 nanoparticle arrays
Creators: name: Lopez, R.
name: Feldman, L.C.
name: Haglund Jr., R.F.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 2004

description: The size effects on the optical properties of vanadium dioxide nanoparticles in ordered arrays were investigated. It was observed that the optical contrast between the semiconducting and metallic phases is enhanced in the visible region, presenting size-dependent optical resonances and size-dependent transition temperatures. The collective optical response as a function of temperature was found to present an enhanced scattering state during the evolving phase transition. These observations were suggested to provide critical insights into statistical processes occurring in materials at the nanoscale.
A NuSTAR observation of the center of the Coma Cluster
Creators: name: Gastaldello, F.
name: Wik, D. R.
name: Molendi, S.
name: Westergaard, N. J.
name: Hornstrup, A.
name: Madejski, G.
name: Ferreira, D. D. M.
name: Boggs, S. E.
name: Christensen, F. E.
name: Craig, W. W.
name: Grefenstette, B. W.
name: Hailey, C. J.
name: Harrison, F. A.
name: Madsen, K. K.
name: Stern, D.
name: Zhang, W. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a 55ks NuSTAR observation of the core of the Coma Cluster. The global spectrum can be explained by thermal gas emission, with a conservative 90% upper limit to non-thermal inverse Compton (IC) emission of $5.1 \times 10^{-12}$ erg cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ in a 12 arcmin $\times$ 12 arcmin field of view . The brightness of the thermal component in this central region does not allow more stringent upper limits on the IC component when compared with non-imaging instruments with much larger fields of view where claims of detections have been made. Future mosaic NuSTAR observations of Coma will further address this issue. The temperature map shows a relatively uniform temperature distribution with a gradient from the hot northwest side to the cooler southeast, in agreement with previous measurements. The temperature determination is robust given the flat effective area and low background in the 3-20 keV band, making NuSTAR an ideal instrument to measure high temperatures in the intracluster medium.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ. Minor changes to match published version
Annäherungen an den Gebetsglauben Jesu
Creators: name: Gruber, Margareta
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 44 Nr. 1 (2015): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 44, Heft 1
Structure and Symmetry in Coherent Perfect Polarization Rotation
Creators: name: Crescimanno, Michael
name: Zhou, Chuanhong
name: Andrews, James H.
name: Baker, Michael A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theoretical investigations of different routes to coherent perfect polarization rotation illustrate its phenomenological connection with coherent perfect absorption. Studying systems with broken parity, layering, combined Faraday rotation and optical activity, or a rotator-loaded optical cavity highlights their similarity and suggests new approaches to improving and miniaturizing optical devices.
Semiconductor to metal phase transition in the nucleation and growth of VO2 nanoparticles and thin films
Creators: name: Feldman, L.C.
name: Lopez, R.
name: Haglund Jr., R.F.
name: Suh, J.Y.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Rutherford backscattering were used for investigating the morphological and optical properties of vanadium dioxide nanoparticles and thin films during their nucleation and growth phases. The processing parameters were correlated in accordance with the temperature and sharpness of the transition. Grain growth and improved crystallinity resulted from thermal annealing. Because of fewer nucleating defects within the volume, the improved crystal perfection led to a large hysteresis. The effects of grain size and crystallinity determined the shape and width of the hysteresis cycle.
344. The effect of different treatment regimens on clinical and 18-F-FDG PET metabolic activity
Creators: name: Iorio1, Luca
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Vasculitis
ANCA
Abstracts
Giant Cell Arthritis
MPA
GPA
EGPA
Takayasu
IgA vasculitis

description: Background: Imaging role in large vessel vasculitis (LVV) patients is tremendously increased in recent years. However, the role of 18-F-FDG PET in evaluating treatment response is still an unmet need. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of different treatment regimens, namely glucocorticoids (GC), conventional disease modifying anti-rheumatic ugs (cDMARDs) and tocilizumab (TCZ), on clinical and metabolic activity. Methods: Consecutive LVV inpatients and outpatients, classified as giant cell arteritis (GCA), were prospectively enrolled. All patients who underwent to at least 2 consecutive 18-F-FDG PET scan between October 2010 and August 2021. Demographic and clinical data as well as disease activity were assessed before every PET. For each PET scan the vessel’s metabolic activity was evaluated using the Meller’s grading and the PETVAS score. Results: The study included 33 patients (age 62 [57-70], 72.7% female) exposed to 51 treatment regimens (n=24 GC, n=16 cDMARDs, n=11 TCZ). A total of 139 18-F-FDG PET scan were conducted (min 2 – max 5). Overall clinical response rate during the follow-up was 70.8% in GC-treated patients, 62.5% in cDMARDs-treated and 90.9% in TCZ-treated (p=0.615). Persistence was comparable among the different treatment regimens (GC 19 [8-27] months vs cDMARDs 13 [7-23] months vs TCZ 18[13-28] months, p=0.439). All the treatment led to significant reduction of acute phase reactants (GC-treated: ESR 40vs22mmh, p<0.001, ΔESR= -132%, CRP 21vs4.4mg/L, p=0.001, ΔCRP= -129%; cDMARDs-treated: ESR 65vs22mmh,p<0.001, ΔESR= -152%, CRP 49.6vs7.9mg/L, p=0.004, ΔCRP= -118 % and TCZ-treated: ESR 27.5vs9mmh, p=0.155, ΔESR= -141%, CRP 11vs2.5mg/L, p=0.020, ΔCRP= -121%). Significant improvement in PETVAS was observed only in TCZ-treated patients (13vs4, p=0.005, ΔPETVAS= 133%), while the other treatment approaches resulted not significant (GC treated 8vs6, p=0.13, ΔPETVAS= -150%; cDMARDs 12vs6, p=0.086, ΔPETVAS -170%). Daily prednisone dose at last examination was 5 [2.5-10] mg/d in the cDMARDs group vs 2.5 [0-5] mg/d in the TCZ group (p=0.050). Interestingly, at last PET examination a low-grade (Meller 1-2) was observed in 62.5% of GC-treated patients, 43.8% of cDMARDs-treated patients and 63.6% of TCZ-treated patients (p=0.440). Conclusions: 18-F-FDG PET may be useful in assessing disease activity and monitoring response to therapy. Tocilizumab therapy significantly reduce vessel’s metabolic activity over time, when compared to conventional treatment. A persistent low grade uptake during remission is common features in LVV patients, irrespectively of treatment regimens. Disclosures: None
Macroscopic Zeno effect in Su-Schrieffer-Heeger photonic topological insulator
Creators: name: Ivanov, S. K.
name: Zhuravitskii, S. A.
name: Skryabin, N. N.
name: Dyakonov, I. V.
name: Kalinkin, A. A.
name: Kulik, S. P.
name: Kartashov, Y. V.
name: Konotop, V. V.
name: Zadkov, V. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum Zeno effect refers to slowing down of the decay of a quantum system that is affected by frequent measurements. Nowadays, the significance of this paradigm is extended far beyond quantum systems, where it was introduced, finding physical and mathematical analogies in such phenomena as the suppression of output beam decay by sufficiently strong absorption introduced in guiding optical systems. In the latter case, the effect is often termed as macroscopic Zeno effect. Recent studies in optics, where enhanced transparency of the entire system was observed upon the increase of the absorption, were largely focused on the systems obeying parity-time symmetry, hence, the observed effect was attributed to the symmetry breaking. While manifesting certain similarities in the behavior of the transparency of the system with the mentioned studies, the macroscopic Zeno phenomenon reported here in topological photonic system is far more general in nature. In particular, we show that it does not require the existence of exceptional points, and that it is based on the suppression of decay for only a subspace of modes that can propagate in the system, alike the quantum Zeno dynamics. By introducing controlled losses in one of the arms of a topological insulator comprising two closely positioned Su-Schrieffer-Heeger arrays, we demonstrate the macroscopic Zeno effect, which manifests itself in an increase of the transparency of the system with respect to the topological modes created at the interface between two arrays. The phenomenon remains robust against disorder in the non-Hermitian topological regime. In contrast, coupling a topological array with a non-topological one results in a monotonic decrease in output power with increasing absorption.
Der Vater wäre ohne den Sohn nicht Vater
Creators: name: Tück, Jan-Heiner
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 44 Nr. 1 (2015): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 44, Heft 1
Saving Natural Inflation
Creators: name: Croon, Djuna
name: Sanz, Veronica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Slow-roll inflation requires the inflaton field to have an exceptionally flat potential, which combined with measurements of the scale of inflation demands some degree of fine-tuning. Alternatively, the flatness of the potential could be due to the inflaton's origin as a pseudo-Goldstone boson, as in Natural Inflation. Alas, consistency with Planck data places the original proposal of Natural Inflation in a tight spot, as it requires a trans-Planckian excursion of the inflaton. Although one can still tune the renormalizable potential to sub-Planckian values, higher order corrections from quantum gravity or sources of breaking of the Goldstone symmetry would ruin the predictivity of the model. In this paper we show how in more realistic models of Natural Inflation one could achieve inflation without a trans-Planckian excursion of the field. We show how a variant of Extra-natural inflation with bulk fermions can achieve the desired goal and discuss its four-dimensional duals. We also present a new type of four dimensional models inspired in Little Higgs and Composite Higgs models which can lead to sub-Planckian values of the inflaton field.
description: 23 pages, 9 figures. Published version, references added
Gott als Mutter?
Creators: name: Schwienhorst-Schönberger, Ludger
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 44 Nr. 1 (2015): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 44, Heft 1
Optical nonlinearities in VO 2 nanoparticles and thin films
Creators: name: Feldman, L.C.
name: Haglund Jr., R.F.
name: Boatner, L.A.
name: Lopez, R.
name: Haynes, T.E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: Z-scan and pump-probe measurements with ultrafast, 800 nm laser pulses were used to compare the ultrafast optical nonlinearities of VO 2 nanoparticles and thin films in both semiconducting and metallic states. In the metallic state, both the nanocrystals and thin films exhibit a positive, intensity-dependent nonlinear index of refraction. However, the nonlinear effects are relatively larger in the VO 2 nanocrystals, which also reveal a saturable nonlinear absorption. When the semiconductor-to-metal phase transition is induced by the laser pulse, VO 2 thin films exhibit a negative equivalent nonlinear index of refraction while the nanocrystals exhibit a smaller but still positive index. Both the VO 2 nanocrystals and thin films undergo the phase transition within 120 fs.
Switchable reflectivity on silicon from a composite VO 2-SiO 2 protecting layer
Creators: name: Haglund, R.F.
name: Boatner, L.A.
name: Haynes, T.E.
name: Lopez, R.
name: Feldman, L.C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: The production of near-surface nanocomposites with a thermally variable reflectivity on single crystal Si using ion beams and thermal processing was presented. Stoichiometric coimplantation of vanadium and oxygen ions and subsequent thermal processing were employed to form embedded VO 2 nanoparticles in the SiO 2 film. It was observed that the reflectivity of the vanadium dioxide particles underwent a large changes at the VO 2 semiconductor-to-metal phase transition. The reflectivity of the vanadium dioxide particles which underwent large changes provide a mechanism for thermally controlling the reflectivity of the VO 2/SiO 2/Si layer and effectively, the Si crystal surface.
title: Spatial Differentiation and Governance in the Americas (poster), November 17-19, 2005
Creators: name: Teresa Lozano Long Institute Of Latin American Studies (LLILAS)
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Latin American Studies
subject: Conference proceedings
subject: Territorial rights
subject: Politics

description: U.S. and Latin American researchers will discuss the problems recent trends in spatial residential patterns pose for governance in large cities in the Americas. The panels, "Changing Patterns of Spatial Segregation" and "Inequality in the City", will focus on the impact that socio-spatial segregation has on reshaping the metropolis and the location of public services demand.
Vaterunser, 1, Aus dem Gespräch des Sohnes mit dem Vater
Creators: name: Mayer, Tobias
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 44 Nr. 1 (2015): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 44, Heft 1
Vector meson spectral function and dilepton production rate in a hot and dense medium within an effective QCD approach
Creators: name: Islam, Chowdhury Aminul
name: Majumder, Sarbani
name: Haque, Najmul
name: Mustafa, Munshi G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of the vector meson current-current correlation function and its spectral representation are investigated in details with and without isoscalar-vector interaction within the framework of effective QCD approach, namely Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model and its Polyakov Loop extended version (PNJL), at finite temperature and finite density. The influence of the isoscalarvector interaction on the vector meson correlator is obtained using the ring resummation known as the Random Phase Approximation (RPA). The spectral as well as the correlation function in PNJL model show that the vector meson retains its bound property up to a moderate value of temperature above the phase transition. Using the vector meson spectral function we, for the first time, obtained the dilepton production rate from a hot and dense medium within the framework of PNJL model that takes into account the nonperturbative effect through the Polyakov Loop fields. The dilepton production rate in PNJL model is enhanced compared to NJL and Born rate in the deconfined phase due to the suppression of color degrees of freedom at moderate temperature. The presence of isoscalar-vector interaction further enhances the dileption rate over the Born rate in the low mass region. Further, we also have computed the Euclidean correlation function in vector channel and the conserved density fluctuation associated with temporal correlation function appropriate for a hot and dense medium. The dilepton rate and the Euclidean correlator are also compared with available lattice data and those quantities in PNJL model are found to agree well in certain domain.
description: 30 pages, 16 figures, typos corrected, references added, to appear in JHEP
Size effects in the structural phase transition of VO2 nanoparticles
Creators: name: Haglund, R.F.
name: Boatner, L.A.
name: Haynes, T.E.
name: Lopez, R.
name: Feldman, L.C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: We have observed size effects in the structural phase transition of submicron vanadium dioxide precipitates in silica. The VO2 nanoprecipitates are produced by the stoichiometric coimplantation of vanadium and oxygen and subsequent thermal processing. The observed size dependence in the transition temperature and hysteresis loops of the semiconductor-to-metal phase transition in VO2 is described in terms of heterogeneous nucleation statistics with a phenomenological approach in which the density of nucleating defects is a power function of the driving force.
342. Efficacy of ultra-low dose rituximab for remission maintenance therapy in ANCA-associated vasculitis
Creators: name: Campaniello1, Debora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Vasculitis
ANCA
Abstracts
Giant Cell Arthritis
MPA
GPA
EGPA
Takayasu
IgA vasculitis

description: Background: Rituximab (RTX) achieved high remission-induction and sustained maintenance rates for patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV). However, RTX is an expensive medication, which may potentially lead to serious side effects. Defining the best dose regimen for maintenance in AAV is still an unmet need. The aim is to compare the effects of ultra-low dose RTX (500 mg or 1000 mg once per year) to standard low dose RTX (500 or 1000 mg twice per year) as remission-maintenance therapy in AAV patients. Methods: We included AAV patients (classified as GPA and MPA) who successfully achieved disease remission (BVASv3=0) with conventional RTX regimen and have been subsequently treated with RTX for maintenance of remission. All patients received at least two maintenance infusions with 1000 mg or 500 mg, twice per year or once per year. After a period of 18 months, we assessed the effects of ultra-low dose RTX to standard low dose on disease activity (BVAS), damage (VDI), glucocorticoids intake, ANCA status, B-cells depletion, serum IgG levels. Results: From December 2014 to November 2021, 37 AAV patients (mean age 52, 56.8% female, 97.3% ANCA positive), 28 GPA and 9 MPA, achieved complete disease remission with conventional RTX induction regimen. After 8 [6-13] months, 51.3% patients started maintenance treatment with ultra-low dose RTX (once per year), while 49.7% patients with standard low dose (twice per year), for 18 months. No significant differences at baseline were noted between patients receiving ultra-low dose when compared to those treated with conventional low-dose. At the end of observation period (18 months of follow-up) all patients maintained disease remission (BVASv3=0). Comparing ultra-low dose regimen to low-dose, no differences were noted in negative ANCA rate (50% vs 37 %, p=0.42), ANCA titer (6.8 [0-48] vs 17 [0-47] UI/mL, p=0.55), B-cells depletion rate (88% vs 68%, p=0.15), mean serum IgG (909 vs 821 mg/dL, p=0.32), mean daily glucocorticoid dosage (2 vs 1.5 mg/d, p=0.53) and severe infections rate (11% vs 31%, p=0.28. Patients treated with ultra-low dose had significant lower VDI at the end of observation (4±1.8 vs 2±1.6, p=0.002). Conclusions: Reduced exposure to RTX was not associated with an impaired efficacy of maintenance therapy in patients with AAV. Remission maintenance with ultra-low dose RTX is safer and more cost-effective option. Disclosures: None
Mühsamer Weg zur Gleichbewertung von Mann und Frau
Creators: name: Meyer, Evi
name: Mitscha-Eibl, Claudia
name: Raming, Ida
Publisher: name: Diakonia
Year: 1970

description: Diakonia, Bd. 22 Nr. 2 (1991): Diakonia, Band 22, Heft 2
Verein Arbeitsgemeinschaft unverheirateter Frauen (AUF), Entstehung - Mitgliedschaft - Tätigkeit
Creators: name: Egli, Erika
Publisher: name: Diakonia
Year: 1970

description: Diakonia, Bd. 22 Nr. 2 (1991): Diakonia, Band 22, Heft 2
A global view on star formation: The GLOSTAR Galactic plane survey VIII. Formaldehyde absorption in Cygnus~X
Creators: name: Gong, Y.
name: Ortiz-León, G. N.
name: Rugel, M. R.
name: Menten, K. M.
name: Brunthaler, A.
name: Wyrowski, F.
name: Henkel, C.
name: Beuther, H.
name: Dzib, S. A.
name: Urquhart, J. S.
name: Yang, A. Y.
name: Pandian, J. D.
name: Dokara, R.
name: Veena, V. S.
name: Nguyen, H.
name: Medina, S. -N. X.
name: Cotton, W. D.
name: Reich, W.
name: Winkel, B.
name: Müller, P.
name: Skretas, I.
name: Csengeri, T.
name: Khan, S.
name: Cheema, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cygnus X is one of the closest and most active high-mass star-forming regions in our Galaxy, making it one of the best laboratories for studying massive star formation. As part of the GLOSTAR Galactic plane survey, we performed large scale simultaneous H$_{2}$CO (1$_{1,0}$-1$_{1,1}$) spectral line and radio continuum imaging observations toward Cygnus X at $λ\sim$6 cm with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array and the Effelsberg-100 m radio telescope. Our Effelsberg observations reveal widespread H$_{2}$CO (1$_{1,0}$-1$_{1,1}$) absorption with a spatial extent of $\gtrsim$50 pc in Cygnus~X for the first time. On large scales of 4.4 pc, the relative orientation between local velocity gradient and magnetic field tends to be more parallel at H$_{2}$ column densities of $\gtrsim$1.8$\times 10^{22}$~cm$^{-2}$. On the smaller scale of 0.17 pc, our VLA+Effelsberg combined data reveal H$_{2}$CO absorption only toward three bright H{\scriptsize II} regions. Our observations demonstrate that H$_{2}$CO (1$_{1,0}$-1$_{1,1}$) is commonly optically thin. Kinematic analysis supports the assertion that molecular clouds generally exhibit supersonic motions on scales of 0.17-4.4 pc. We show a non-negligible contribution of the cosmic microwave background radiation in producing extended absorption features in Cygnus X. Our observations suggest that H$_{2}$CO ($1_{1,0}-1_{1,1}$) can trace molecular gas with H$_{2}$ column densities of $\gtrsim 5 \times 10^{21}$ cm$^{-2}$. The ortho-H$_{2}$CO fractional abundance with respect to H$_{2}$ has a mean value of 7.0$\times 10^{-10}$. A comparison of velocity dispersions on different linear scales suggests that the dominant $-3$ km s$^{-1}$ velocity component in the prominent DR21 region has nearly identical velocity dispersions on scales of 0.17-4.4 pc, which deviates from the expected behavior of classic turbulence.
description: 27 pages, 23 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Synthesis and characterization of size-controlled vanadium dioxide nanocrystals in a fused silica matrix
Creators: name: Boatner, L.A.
name: Haynes, T.E.
name: Lopez, R.
name: Haglund, R.F.
name: Feldman, L.C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: Vanadium dioxide single-crystal precipitates with controlled particle sizes were produced in an amorphous, fused SiO 2 host by the stoichiometric coimplantation of vanadium and oxygen ions and subsequent thermal processing. The effects of the vanadium dioxide nanocrystal size, nanocrystal morphology, and particle/host interactions on the VO 2 semiconductor-to-metal phase transition were characterized. VO 2 nanoparticles embedded in amorphous SiO 2 exhibit a sharp phase transition with a hysteresis that is up to 50°C in width - one of the largest values ever reported for this transition. The relative decrease in the optical transmission in the near-infrared region in going from the semiconducting to the metallic phase of VO 2 ranges from 20% to 35%. Both the hysteresis width and the transition temperature are correlated with the size of the precipitates. Doping the embedded VO 2 particles with ions such as titanium alters the characteristics of the phase transition, pointing the way to control the hysteresis behavior over a wide range of values and providing insight into the operative physical mechanisms.
Unions of lines in F^n
Creators: name: Oberlin, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that if a collection of lines in a vector space over a finite field has "dimension" at least 2(d-1) + beta, then its union has "dimension" at least d + beta. This is the sharp estimate of its type when no structural assumptions are placed on the collection of lines. We also consider some refinements and extensions of the main result, including estimates for unions of k-planes.
description: small changes for easier reading
Structure of the accretion flow of IX Velorum as revealed by high-resolution spectroscopy
Creators: name: Kára, Jan
name: Schmidtobreick, Linda
name: Pala, Anna Francesca
name: Tappert, Claus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: Several high-mass transfer cataclysmic variables show evidence for outflow from the system, which could play an important role in their evolution. We investigate the system IX Vel, which was proposed to show similar characteristics. Aims: We study the structure of the IX Vel system, particularly the structure of its accretion flow and accretion disc. Methods: We use high-resolution time-resolved spectroscopy to construct radial velocity curves of the components in IX Vel, we compute Doppler maps of the system which we use to estimate the temperature distribution maps. Results: We improve the spectroscopic ephemeris of the system and its orbital period P_orb = 0.19392793(3) d. We construct Doppler maps of the system based on hydrogen and helium emission lines and the Bowen blend. The maps show features corresponding to the irradiated face of the secondary star, the outer rim of the accretion disc, and low-velocity components located outside the accretion disc and reaching towards L3. We constructed a temperature distribution map of the system using the Doppler maps of Balmer lines. Apart from the features found in the Doppler maps, the temperature distribution map shows a region of high temperature in the accretion disc connecting the expected position of a bright spot and the inner parts of the disc. Conclusions: We interpret the low-velocity emission found in the Doppler map as emission originating in the accretion disc wind and in an outflow region located in the vicinity of the third Lagrangian point L3. This makes IX Vel a member of the RW Sex class of Cataclysmic Variables.
Prediction of Search Targets From Fixations in Open-World Settings
Creators: name: Sattar, Hosnieh
name: Müller, Sabine
name: Fritz, Mario
name: Bulling, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Previous work on predicting the target of visual search from human fixations only considered closed-world settings in which training labels are available and predictions are performed for a known set of potential targets. In this work we go beyond the state of the art by studying search target prediction in an open-world setting in which we no longer assume that we have fixation data to train for the search targets. We present a dataset containing fixation data of 18 users searching for natural images from three image categories within synthesised image collages of about 80 images. In a closed-world baseline experiment we show that we can predict the correct target image out of a candidate set of five images. We then present a new problem formulation for search target prediction in the open-world setting that is based on learning compatibilities between fixations and potential targets.
To Grow Old and Peculiar: A Survey of Anomalous Variable Stars in M80 and Age Determination using K2 and Gaia
Creators: name: Molnár, László
name: Plachy, Emese
name: Bódi, Attila
name: Pál, András
name: Joyce, Meridith
name: Kalup, Csilla
name: Johnson, Christian I.
name: Dencs, Zoltán
name: Mészáros, Szabolcs
name: Netzel, Henryka
name: Kinemuchi, Karen
name: Kollmeier, Juna A.
name: Prieto, Jose Luis
name: Derekas, Aliz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The globular cluster Messier 80 was monitored by the Kepler space telescope for 80 days during the K2 mission. Continuous, high-precision photometry of such an old, compact cluster allows us to study its variable star population in unprecedented detail. We extract light curves for 27 variable stars using differential-image photometry. A search for new variables in the images led to the discovery of two new variable stars: an RR Lyrae and a variable red giant star, respectively. Analysis of the RR Lyrae population reveals multiple RRc stars with additional modes and/or peculiar modulation cycles. We newly classify star V28 as a spotted extreme horizontal branch variable. Despite their faintness, we clearly detect the three SX Phe stars but we did not find new pulsation modes beyond the known ones in them. Spectra taken with the VLT and Magellan Clay telescopes, as well as absolute color-magnitude diagrams of the cluster based on Gaia and Pan-STARRS observations confirm the classification of the peculiar modulated variables as bona-fide RRc stars. We propose that they highlight a subgroup of overtone stars that may have been overlooked before. We fit MESA isochrones to the CMDs to estimate the age and metallicity of the cluster. We confirm that M80 is old and metal-poor, but show that isochrone fitting to old populations comes with numerous uncertainties.
description: 23 pages, 18 figures, accepted for publication in A&A. v2: minor edits and updates to the text
Injection of light into a planar dielectric waveguide of metallic walls
Creators: name: Ruiz, R.
name: Ramos-Mendieta, F.
name: Gaspar-Armenta, J.A.
name: Lopez, R.
name: García-Llamas, R.
name: Haglund, R.F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: We study the resonant excitation of the electromagnetic modes in a planar waveguide of metallic walls - light incident on the guide from the air can transfer energy through the walls exciting normal modes of propagation. It is found theoretically that radiation propagates along the guide while the reflectivity presents a minimum. The energy of the incident radiation can be transferred to the guide almost completely when the thickness dm of the metallic wall is around two times the skin depth δ. Experimental evidence of the injection of light is presented for the system Ag/Al2O3/Ag that was grown by pulsed laser deposition.
Thermocurrents and their Role in high Q Cavity Performance
Creators: name: Eichhorn, R.
name: Daly, C.
name: Furuta, F.
name: Ganshyn, A.
name: Gonnella, D.
name: Hall, D.
name: Ho, V.
name: Hoffstaetter, G. H.
name: Liepe, M.
name: May-Mann, J.
name: O'Connell, T.
name: Posen, S.
name: Quigley, P.
name: Sears, J.
name: Veshcherevich, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over the past years it became evident that the quality factor of a superconducting cavity is not only determined by its surface preparation procedure, but is also influenced by the way the cavity is cooled down. Moreover, different data sets exists, some of them indicate that a slow cool-down through the critical temperature is favourable while other data states the exact opposite. Even so there where speculations and some models about the role of thermo-currents and flux-pinning, the difference in behaviour remained a mystery. In this paper we will for the first time present a consistent theoretical model which we confirmed by data that describes the role of thermo-currents, driven by temperature gradients and material transitions. We will clearly show how they impact the quality factor of a cavity, discuss our findings, relate it to findings at other labs and develop mitigation strategies which especially addresses the issue of achieving high quality factors of so-called nitrogen doped cavities in horizontal test.
Exploring the structure and kinematics of the Milky Way through A stars
Creators: name: Ardèvol, J.
name: Monguió, M.
name: Figueras, F.
name: Romero-Gómez, M.
name: Carrasco, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite their relatively high intrinsic brightness and the fact that they are more numerous than younger OB stars and kinematically colder than older red giants, A-type stars have rarely been used as Galactic tracers. They may, in fact, be used to fill the age gap between these two tracers, thereby allowing us to study the transition between them. We analyse Galactic disc structure and kinematic perturbations up to 6 kpc from the Sun based on observations of A-type stars. This work presents a catalogue of A-type stars selected using the IGAPS photometric survey. It covers the Galactic disc within $30^{o}\leq l\leq215^{o}$ and $|b|\leq5^{o}$ up to a magnitude of $r\leq19$ mag with about 3.5 million sources. We used Gaia Data Release 3 parallaxes and proper motions, as well as the line-of-sight velocities, to analyse the large-scale features of the Galactic disc. We carried out a study of the completeness of the detected density distributions, along with a comparison between the $b<0^{o}$ and $b>0^{o}$ regions. Possible biases caused by interstellar extinction or by the usage of some kinematic approximations were examined as well. We find stellar overdensities associated with the Local and the Perseus spiral arms, as well as with the Cygnus region. A-type stars also provide kinematic indications of the Galactic warp towards the anticentre, which displays a median vertical motion of ~6-7 km/s at a Galactocentric radius of R=14 kpc. It starts at R=12 kpc, which supports the scenario where the warp begins at larger radii for younger tracers when compared with other samples in the literature. We also detect a region with downward mean motion extending beyond 2 kpc from the Sun towards $60^{o}
description: 15 pages, 13 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Vernunft des Glaubens in ökumenischer Leidenschaft
Creators: name: Koch, Kurt
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 43 Nr. 6 (2014): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 43, Heft 6
Vainshtein Solutions Without Superluminal Modes
Creators: name: Gabadadze, Gregory
name: Kimura, Rampei
name: Pirtskhalava, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Vainshtein mechanism suppresses the fifth force at astrophysical distances, while enabling it to compete with gravity at cosmological scales. Typically, Vainshtein solutions exhibit superluminal perturbations. However, a restricted class of solutions with special boundary conditions were shown to be devoid of the faster-than-light modes. Here we extend this class by finding solutions in a theory of quasidilaton, amended by derivative terms consistent with its symmetries. Solutions with Minkowski asymptotics are not stable, while the ones that exhibit the Vainshtein mechanism by transitioning to cosmological backgrounds are free of ghosts, tachyons, gradient instability, and superluminality, for all propagating modes present in the theory. These solutions require special choice of the strength and signs of nonlinear terms, as well as a choice of asymptotic cosmological boundary conditions.
description: 30 pages, 1 figure
CoCCoA: Complex Chemistry in hot Cores with ALMA. Selected oxygen-bearing species
Creators: name: Chen, Y.
name: van Gelder, M. L.
name: Nazari, P.
name: Brogan, C. L.
name: van Dishoeck, E. F.
name: Linnartz, H.
name: Jørgensen, J. K.
name: Hunter, T. R.
name: Wilkins, O. H.
name: Blake, G. A.
name: Caselli, P.
name: Chuang, K. -J.
name: Codella, C.
name: Cooke, I.
name: Drozdovskaya, M. N.
name: Garrod, R. T.
name: Ioppolo, S.
name: Jin, M.
name: Kulterer, B. M.
name: Ligterink, N. F. W.
name: Lipnicky, A.
name: Loomis, R.
name: Rachid, M. G.
name: Spezzano, S.
name: McGuire, B. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Complex organic molecules (COMs) have been observed to be abundant in the gas phase toward protostars. Deep line surveys have been carried out only for a limited number of well-known high-mass star forming regions using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), which has unprecedented resolution and sensitivity. Statistical studies on oxygen-bearing COMs (O-COMs) in high-mass protostars using ALMA are still lacking. With the recent CoCCoA survey, we are able to determine the column density ratios of six O-COMs with respect to methanol (CH$_3$OH) in a sample of 14 high-mass protostellar sources to investigate their origin through ice and/or gas-phase chemistry. The selected species are: acetaldehyde (CH$_3$CHO), ethanol (C$_2$H$_5$OH), dimethyl ether (DME, CH$_3$OCH$_3$), methyl formate (MF, CH$_3$OCHO), glycolaldehyde (GA, CH$_2$OHCHO), and ethylene glycol (EG, (CH$_2$OH)$_2$). DME and MF have the highest and most constant ratios within one order of magnitude, while the other four species have lower ratios and exhibit larger scatter by 1-2 orders of magnitude. We compare the O-COM ratios of high-mass CoCCoA sources with those of 5 low-mass protostars available from the literature, along with the results from experiments and simulations. We find that the O-COM ratios with respect to methanol are on the same level in both the high- and low-mass samples, which suggests that these species are mainly formed in similar environments during star formation, probably in ice mantles on dust grains during early pre-stellar stages. Current simulations and experiments can reproduce most observational trends with a few exceptions, and hypotheses exist to explain the differences between observations and simulations/experiments, such as the involvement of gas-phase chemistry and different emitting areas of molecules.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics. 17 pages and 7 figures in the main body, 15 pages and 8 figures in the appendix
The General Relativity of Two Properties
Creators: name: Stack, P. D.
name: Delbourgo, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the extension of the space-time metric to incorporate two anticommuting property coordinates automatically leads to the unification of gravity with nonabelian gauge theory, as well as producing a cosmological term.
description: 15 pages, no figures, published in IJMPA
341. 2-Mercaptoethane Sodium Sulfonate Prophylaxis in Cyclophosphamide-Treated Patients with ANCA-Associated Vasculitis: Results of an Electronic Survey
Creators: name: Joos Lukas1
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Vasculitis
ANCA
Abstracts
Giant Cell Arthritis
MPA
GPA
EGPA
Takayasu
IgA vasculitis

description: Background/ Objectives: Co-prescribing mesna with CYC for AAV ai to prevent the potential urotoxic effects of CYC. We investigated current clinical practice related to prescribing mesna prophylaxis or not for CYC-treated patients with AAV. Methods: We searched MEDLINE for publications with the MeSH term “ANCA-associated vasculitis” over a 10-year period. Email adesses of authors were extracted from the online information. These authors were invited by email to participate in an online SurveyMonkey® survey asking about the characteristics of the respondent, their experience with AAV, and their practice in using CYC to treat AAV and in using mesna in CYC-treated patients with AAV and the underlying rationale. We compared 15 response variables to identify factors associated with the use of mesna. Response variables with multiple categories were first analyzed across all categories; if the omnibus test result was significant, additional analyses were used to identify the categories, which were the sources of group separation. Statistical analyses involved Pearson’s chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test. For multiple-response variables, the Rao-Scott correction was applied. Results: The 139 participants were from 34 countries and were essentially MDs (98%) who mainly worked in rheumatology (50%), nephrology (25%) or internal medicine/immunology (18%). Mesna was given with CYC systematically, never, or on a case-by-case basis by 68%, 19% and 13% of respondents, respectively. As compared with systematic mesna-prescribers, never/occasional mesna-prescribers reported a longer time since receiving their degree (≥ 15 years: 80% vs 50%, P< 0.001), were more frequently based in England/United States (than in France/Germany/Italy) (78% vs 21%, P< 0.001), had longer involvement in care of patients with AAV (≥15 years: 62% vs 37%, P=0.006), had less practice in using intermittent pulse therapy as the exclusive/predominant CYC administration scheme (62% vs 89%, P< 0.001), and, as a rationale underpinning their mesna practice, had less adherence to local operational procedures (47% vs 73%, P=0.002) or (inter)national management guidelines for AAV (16% vs 49%, P< 0.001). Conclusions: Practice with regard to prescribing mesna in conjunction with CYC to treat AAV is heterogeneous. Systematic mesna use prevailed over never or occasional use. The decision to prescribe mesna may be based more on circutantial than structural reasons. Disclosures: None
On the pseudospectrum of the harmonic oscillator with imaginary cubic potential
Creators: name: Novak, Radek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Schrödinger operator with a potential given by the sum of the potentials for harmonic oscillator and imaginary cubic oscillator and we focus on its pseudospectral properties. A summary of known results about the operator and its spectrum is provided and the importance of examining its pseudospectrum as well is emphasized. This is achieved by employing scaling techniques and treating the operator using semiclassical methods. The existence of pseudoeigenvalues very far from the spectrum is proven, and as a consequence, the spectrum of the operator is unstable with respect to small perturbations and the operator cannot be similar to a self-adjoint operator via a bounded and boundedly invertible transformation. It is shown that its eigenfunctions form a complete set in the Hilbert space of square-integrable functions; however, they do not form a Schauder basis.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure; statement of Thm. 1.1 and proof of Lem. 4.1 corrected, more extensive discussion of results; to appear in Int. J. Theor. Phys