cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Structure of inhibitor-bound mammalian complex I
Creators: name: Bridges, Hannah R.
name: Fedor, Justin G.
name: Blaza, James N.
name: Di Luca, Andrea
name: Jussupow, Alexander
name: Jarman, Owen D.
name: Wright, John J.
name: Agip, Ahmed-Noor A.
name: Gamiz-Hernandez, Ana P.
name: Roessler, Maxie M.
name: Kaila, Ville R. I.
name: Hirst, Judy
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
/631/45/173
/631/45/607/1168
/631/1647/328/1259
/631/57/1464
/631/535/1258/1259
/119
/101/28
article

description: Funder: The Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC, 2019/2-3) UK National Electron Bio-Imaging Centre (eBIC) at the Diamond Light Source, proposal EM16309, funded by the Wellcome Trust, MRC and BBSRC
description: Abstract: Respiratory complex I (NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase) captures the free energy from oxidising NADH and reducing ubiquinone to drive protons across the mitochondrial inner membrane and power oxidative phosphorylation. Recent cryo-EM analyses have produced near-complete models of the mammalian complex, but leave the molecular principles of its long-range energy coupling mechanism open to debate. Here, we describe the 3.0-Å resolution cryo-EM structure of complex I from mouse heart mitochondria with a substrate-like inhibitor, piericidin A, bound in the ubiquinone-binding active site. We combine our structural analyses with both functional and computational studies to demonstrate competitive inhibitor binding poses and provide evidence that two inhibitor molecules bind end-to-end in the long substrate binding channel. Our findings reveal information about the mechanisms of inhibition and substrate reduction that are central for understanding the principles of energy transduction in mammalian complex I.
The development and applications of autonomous process optimization systems
Creators: name: Christensen, Melodie Deniz
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: Autonomous process optimization involves the human-intervention free search of an input parameter space in order to minimize or maximize output parameters of interest. These systems automate the repetitive and manual approach to process optimization that currently dominates the field. The field of autonomous process optimization is in its infancy and a majority of examples have focused on flow reactor-based systems, however, not all processes can be executed in flow reactors due to heterogeneity or long reaction times. We extended this novel technology to high-throughput microscale batch reactors through the integration of commercial Chemspeed robotics platforms with online analytical instruments and optimization algorithms using a Python interface. The first system was applied to the optimization of a stereoselective Suzuki-Miyaura process, and the second to the optimization of a Wohl-Ziegler photobromination process. We found that optimization performance was impacted by the definition of the search space, the appropriate representation of chemical structure, the optimization algorithm, the acquisition function and the selection of the appropriate reactor and analysis technology. These aspects are discussed in detail for each case study. Finally, the analysis of multivariate optimization data proved to be a challenging proposition, and we found that qualitative machine learning approaches such as random forest modeling allowed for the determination of parameter influences in an effective way. The strategy that we have implemented for autonomous process optimization has the potential to be scaled to additional robotic and analytical instruments, as well as optimization algorithms, through its modular Python interface. We envision a future where the utilization of such systems is commonplace.
Multiple Systems Estimation for Modern Slavery: Robustness of List Omission and Combination
Creators: name: Sharifi Far, Serveh
name: King, Ruth
name: Bird, Sheila
name: Overstall, Antony
name: Worthington, Hannah
name: Jewell, Nicholas
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Articles
combining sources
estimate stability
generalized linear models
list omission

description: Performing censuses on stigmatized or vulnerable populations is challenging, however, for such populations partial enumeration is often possible using different lists or sources. If the sources overlap then multiple systems estimation (MSE) methods can be applied to obtain an estimate of the total population. These are typically expressed by a log-linear model which permits positive/negative dependencies between lists. This paper considers issues that arise for the application of MSE to modern slavery where there is little to no overlap of individuals across lists. We investigate the robustness of MSE in terms of the importance of each list and the impact of combining lists on the estimation process. We undertake a simulation study and consider real national modern slavery data from the UK and Romania.
(Pod)casting a Bridge: Lolita Podcast and Its Reading Practices
Creators: name: Hinders, Sonka
Publisher: name: Current Objectives of Postgraduate American Studies
Year: 2023

description: Taking Jamie Loftus’s Lolita Podcast“ (2020-21) as an example, this article investigates negotiations of reading in the podcast as a digital medium—a topic that has not received a lot of scholarly attention so far. Expanding on the theoretical concept of the podcast as a bridging medium, the article examines the reading practices Lolita Podcast uses and reproduces in its discussion of Vladimir Nabokov’s famous and controversial novel Lolita“ (1955). The article studies how the podcast negotiates boundaries and builds bridges between reading practices traditionally seen as separate, such as critical and uncritical reading.
description: Current Objectives of Postgraduate American Studies, Vol. 23 No. 2 (2022): Reading (in) American Studies
Investigation de la nature minéralogique des ciments de verre alcali-activé par RMN du solide
Creators: name: Marchand, Baptiste
Publisher: name: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering
Year: 2019

description: Cet article analyse la structure minéralogique de verres sodo-calciques activés avec de la soude NaOH. Le mélange forme un Ciment Alcali-Activé (CAA), qui résiste mécaniquement à l’immersion sous eau. Le but est de déterminer si la présence de calcium dans la poudre de verre peut participer, avec l’alcali-activation, à la formation de silicates de calcium hydratés (S-CH), qui sont responsable de la résistance à l’eau dans les pâtes de ciments de Portland hydraté. Notre étude conjugue des analyses au MEB, où des aiguilles similaires aux S-C-H dans la pâte de Portland sont observées, la Diffraction de Rayons X (DRX), mais les pâtes sont trop amorphes pour permettre l’identification de phases minérales cristallines. Finalement, la résonance magnétique nucléaire à rotation à l’angle magique (MAS NMR) du 29Si montre que les S-C-H représentent au plus 2-3 % dans les pâtes de CAA à 4 et 8 mol/l de NaOH. Ils ne peuvent donc pas être considérés comme responsables de la résistance à l’eau des mortiers et pâtes de CAA à base de verre sodo-calcique. Le CAA est plutôt formé d’hydrates de silicates de sodium et/ou de gel de silice.
description: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol 36 No 1 (2018): Special Issue - RUGC 2018 St Etienne
Modélisation de la phase d’initiation de la corrosion des aciers dans le béton
Creators: name: Achour, Mohamad
Publisher: name: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering
Year: 2019

description: La corrosion des armatures dans le béton armé est due à l’action des agents agressifs comme les ions chlorures, le dioxyde de carbone et l’humidité. Un modèle physico-chimique est proposé pour décrire la pénétration de ces agents pendant la phase d’initiation de la corrosion jusqu’à la dépassivation de l’acier. Afin d’identifier clairement les paramètres de transport de ce modèle physico-chimique macroscopique, une démarche multi-échelle est mise en œuvre pour rendre compte de la diffusion dans les bétons. Cette démarche repose sur une description détaillée de la microstructure du béton (constituants et morphologie) par des méthodes de changement d’échelle. Cette approche se veut la plus exhaustive possible avec la prise en compte explicite de l’influence du rapport eau sur liant de la pâte de ciment, des propriétés des granulats et de la zone de transition entre la pâte et les granulats. Après identification de tous les paramètres d’entrée, le modèle physico-chimique macroscopique est utilisé pour évaluer la durée de vie d’un béton soumis au couplage carbonatation/chlorures en milieu insaturé. Suite à une validation du modèle par comparaison à des résultats expérimentaux, plusieurs applications de ce modèle sont présentées.
description: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol 36 No 1 (2018): Special Issue - RUGC 2018 St Etienne
Méthode innovante pour la conception environnementale et durable de structures en béton armé soumises à la carbonatation
Creators: name: Ta, Van-Loc
Publisher: name: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering
Year: 2019

description: Ces travaux présentent une nouvelle méthode de conception dont l’objectif est de maximiser la durée de vie d’une structure en béton armé soumise à la carbonatation et de minimiser ses impacts environnementaux sur son cycle de vie. Cette approche est basée sur le développement d’un nouveau méta-modèle de carbonatation couplé à une approche d’Analyse de Cycle de Vie (ACV). Une recherche de leviers d’actions sur la durabilité et les impacts environnementaux est réalisée via une combinaison de deux méthodes d’analyse de sensibilité. Nous définissons les leviers d’action comme étant des paramètres technologiques influents sur la durée de vie et/ou les impacts environnementaux de la structure en béton armé étudiée. Notre approche est appliquée au cas d’étude d’une structure en béton armé soumise à la carbonatation pour une durée de vie prévue de 100 ans située à Madrid, dans une classe d’exposition XC4 selon la norme EN 206-1. Pour ce cas d’application nous trouvons que la solution la plus durable et la plus respectueuse de l’environnent est celle utilisant du ciment CEM III/C, en minimisant le rapport eau sur ciment, l’épaisseur du béton d’enrobage, et la distance de la centrale fournissant le béton au site de construction.
description: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol 36 No 1 (2018): Special Issue - RUGC 2018 St Etienne
Evolution and dispersal of snakes across the Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction.
Creators: name: Klein, Catherine G
name: Pisani, Davide
name: Field, Daniel J
name: Lakin, Rebecca
name: Wills, Matthew A
name: Longrich, Nicholas R
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Animals
Birds
Fishes
Mammals
Snakes
Biodiversity
Phylogeny
Fossils
History, Ancient
Genetic Speciation
Extinction, Biological
Amphibians
Phylogeography
Animal Distribution
DNA, Ancient

description: Mass extinctions have repeatedly shaped global biodiversity. The Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) mass extinction caused the demise of numerous vertebrate groups, and its aftermath saw the rapid diversification of surviving mammals, birds, frogs, and teleost fishes. However, the effects of the K-Pg extinction on the evolution of snakes-a major clade of predators comprising over 3,700 living species-remains poorly understood. Here, we combine an extensive molecular dataset with phylogenetically and stratigraphically constrained fossil calibrations to infer an evolutionary timescale for Serpentes. We reveal a potential diversification among crown snakes associated with the K-Pg mass extinction, led by the successful colonisation of Asia by the major extant clade Afrophidia. Vertebral morphometrics suggest increasing morphological specialisation among marine snakes through the Paleogene. The dispersal patterns of snakes following the K-Pg underscore the importance of this mass extinction event in shaping Earth's extant vertebrate faunas.
In-situ neutron tomography and 3D numerical modeling of moisture distribution in concrete at high temperature
Creators: name: Dauti, Dorjan
Publisher: name: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering
Year: 2019

description: One of the drawbacks of high performance concrete is its vulnerability to high temperature manifested in the form of spalling. The latter exposes the reinforcement and may lead to the premature failure of structures such as tunnels, high rise buildings, nuclear plants etc. In this communication, the first 3D measurements of moisture content in heated concrete, which is believed to be one of the processes directly related to spalling, have been performed using in-situ neutron tomography. In order to follow the fast dehydration process of concrete, one 3D scan per minute was captured thanks to the world leading flux at the Institute Laue Langevin in Grenoble France. The influence of the aggregate size on the moisture distribution is presented. A fully coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical model has been implemented and used in this study for predicting the temperature and moisture distribution measured experimentally. In addition, a mesoscopic approach is adopted in the model for investigating the effect of aggregates on the drying front.
description: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol 36 No 1 (2018): Special Issue - RUGC 2018 St Etienne
Intrinsically disordered protein biosensor tracks the physical-chemical effects of osmotic stress on cells.
Creators: name: Cuevas-Velazquez, Cesar L
name: Vellosillo, Tamara
name: Guadalupe, Karina
name: Schmidt, Hermann Broder
name: Yu, Feng
name: Moses, David
name: Brophy, Jennifer A N
name: Cosio-Acosta, Dante
name: Das, Alakananda
name: Wang, Lingxin
name: Jones, Alexander M
name: Covarrubias, Alejandra A
name: Sukenik, Shahar
name: Dinneny, José R
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Cell Line, Tumor
Osteoblasts
Humans
Escherichia coli
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Arabidopsis
Water
Molecular Chaperones
Arabidopsis Proteins
Recombinant Proteins
Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer
Biosensing Techniques
Gene Expression
Binding Sites
Protein Conformation
Protein Binding
Kinetics
Osmolar Concentration
Osmotic Pressure
Thermodynamics
Models, Molecular
Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs
Intrinsically Disordered Proteins

description: Funder: Howard Hughes Medical Institute
description: Cell homeostasis is perturbed when dramatic shifts in the external environment cause the physical-chemical properties inside the cell to change. Experimental approaches for dynamically monitoring these intracellular effects are currently lacking. Here, we leverage the environmental sensitivity and structural plasticity of intrinsically disordered protein regions (IDRs) to develop a FRET biosensor capable of monitoring rapid intracellular changes caused by osmotic stress. The biosensor, named SED1, utilizes the Arabidopsis intrinsically disordered AtLEA4-5 protein expressed in plants under water deficit. Computational modeling and in vitro studies reveal that SED1 is highly sensitive to macromolecular crowding. SED1 exhibits large and near-linear osmolarity-dependent changes in FRET inside living bacteria, yeast, plant, and human cells, demonstrating the broad utility of this tool for studying water-associated stress. This study demonstrates the remarkable ability of IDRs to sense the cellular environment across the tree of life and provides a blueprint for their use as environmentally-responsive molecular tools.
MPEC 2023-J103 : COMET P/2022 M1 = P/2000 OZ21 (LONEOS-PANSTARRS)
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: COMET P/2022 M1 = P/2000 OZ21 (LONEOS-PANSTARRS)

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Empowering Over-the-Air Personalized Federated Learning via RIS
Creators: name: Shi, Wei
name: Yao, Jiacheng
name: Xu, Jindan
name: Xu, Wei
name: Xu, Lexi
name: Zhao, Chunming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Over-the-air computation (AirComp) integrates analog communication with task-oriented computation, serving as a key enabling technique for communication-efficient federated learning (FL) over wireless networks. However, AirComp-enabled FL (AirFL) with a single global consensus model fails to address the data heterogeneity in real-life FL scenarios with non-independent and identically distributed local datasets. In this paper, we introduce reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) technology to enable efficient personalized AirFL, mitigating the data heterogeneity issue. First, we achieve statistical interference elimination across different clusters in the personalized AirFL framework via RIS phase shift configuration. Then, we propose two personalized aggregation schemes involving power control and denoising factor design from the perspectives of first- and second-order moments, respectively, to enhance the FL convergence. Numerical results validate the superior performance of our proposed schemes over existing baselines.
description: Accepted by SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences
Développement de composites bio-sourcés destinés à l’isolation des bâtiments
Creators: name: Viel, Marie
Publisher: name: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering
Year: 2019

description: Le but de ces travaux est de développer des panneaux bio-sourcés ayant de bonnes propriétés hygrothermiques, une faible énergie grise ainsi qu’une faible empreinte carbone. Cette étude est l’une des problématiques posées par le projet Européen ISOBIO. La clé de l’innovation réside dans l’utilisation de granulats bio-sourcés issus de l’agriculture locale (chènevottes, anas de lin, paille de blé, paille de colza, rafles de maïs), mélangés à un liant vert (extraction réalisée sur les agroresources ou sous-produit de l’industrie) afin de fabriquer des composites les moins impactants possible pour l’environnement. Des échantillons sont produits afin de les caractériser d’un point de vue thermique et hygrique et ainsi identifier le meilleur mélange liant/granulats. Les composites développés montrent des propriétés thermiques et hygriques intéressantes. Ils ont une faible conductivité thermique allant de 67 à 148 mW.m-1.K-1 en fonction du mélange liant/granulats. Ils sont également d’excellents régulateurs hygriques (MBV> 2 g/(m2.%RH)). Ces résultats suggèrent que les composites développés peuvent être utilisés comme matériaux de construction, chaque composition pouvant être adaptée en fonction de l’utilisation souhaitée. En effet, certains composites seraient plus adaptés à la production de produits d’isolation thermique alors que d’autres le seraient plus dans le cas de panneaux de parement intérieurs.
description: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol 36 No 1 (2018): Special Issue - RUGC 2018 St Etienne
Integrable system on minimal nilpotent orbit
Creators: name: Tu, Xinyue
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 17B80, 17B08, 17B63, 22E46, 14D21

description: We show that for every complex simple Lie algebra, the equations of Schubert divisors on the flag variety give a complete integrable system of the minimal nilpotent orbit. The approach is motivated by the integrable system on Coulomb branch. We give explicit computations of these Hamiltonian functions, using Chevalley basis and a so-called Heisenberg algebra basis. For classical Lie algebras we rediscover the lower order terms of the celebrated Gelfand-Zeitlin system. For exceptional types we computed the number of Hamiltonian functions associated to each vertex of Dynkin diagram. They should be regarded as analogs of Gelfand-Zeitlin functions on exceptional type Lie algebras.
description: 23 pages
Modélisation de la durabilité des ouvrages béton : couplage carbonatation/chlorure
Creators: name: Schmitt, Lucie
Publisher: name: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering
Year: 2019

description: La maitrise et l’optimisation de la durabilité des structures en béton ainsi que la maintenance des ouvrages en béton existants constituent un enjeu important pour l’ensemble des acteurs de la profession. Un plan expérimental a été mis en place afin de caractériser les propriétés hydriques de quatre bétons ainsi que leur comportement vis-à-vis de la corrosion des armatures. Les propriétés discutées dans cet article sont la carbonatation et la désorption. Ces résultats vont conduire à l’optimisation et l’amélioration du modèle de durabilité SDReaM-crete développé par le Cerib et le LMDC. Ce modèle permet de simuler la carbonatation, la migration des ions chlorure mais aussi le couplage des deux phénomènes. Il est capable de modéliser le phénomène de dépassivation et la corrosion des armatures en tenant compte des cycles hydriques. Ce travail a pour but d’optimiser les épaisseurs d’enrobage lors de la conception d’ouvrage et de faciliter la maintenance des ouvrages existants. Cet article décrit le modèle SDReaM-crete ainsi que ses récentes améliorations. Les résultats expérimentaux obtenus sur les bétons étudiés sont présentés ainsi que des simulations réalisées avec SDReaM-crete.
description: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol 36 No 1 (2018): Special Issue - RUGC 2018 St Etienne
Effet des granulats recyclés sur le développement de la microstructure des bétons autoplaçants ( BAP)
Creators: name: Zitouni, Kheira
Publisher: name: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering
Year: 2019

description: Plusieurs auteurs ont étudié l’effet des granulats recyclés sur la rhéologie, les performances mécaniques et la durabilité des bétons autoplaçants (BAP), mais une analyse approfondie de la microstructure n’a pas encore été rapportée, en totale continuité avec ces travaux, cette étude vise à comprendre l’influence d’une substitution partielle et totale des granulats naturels (GN) par les granulats recyclés (GR) sur la microstructure et la résistance à la compression des BAP. Ceci tout en tenant compte de la composition des bétons granulats recyclés (BGR), qui sont composés de plusieurs phases ; ancienne pâte (AP), nouvelle pâte (NP) et ancienne-nouvelle pâte (AP-NP). Les résultats obtenus montrent que les diminutions des résistances à la compression sont proportionnelles au taux de substitution, un remplacement de 30% de GR n’a cependant pas d’impact significatif. L’état saturé des GR joue un rôle sur ces baisses de performances, ceci est principalement lié à l’augmentation de la porosité au niveau de l’interface ancienne-nouvelle pâte (AP-NP), mais aussi à la modification de la nouvelle pâte par un mouvement d’eau des GR vers la nouvelle pâte.
description: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol 36 No 1 (2018): Special Issue - RUGC 2018 St Etienne
Structural Diversity of Alkaline Earth Centered Gold(I) Metallacoronates
Creators: name: Sucena, Suelen Ferreira
name: Pham, Thu Thuy
name: Hagenbach, Adelheid
name: Pham, Chien Thang
name: Abram, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Gold(I)
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::546 Anorganische Chemie

description: One‐pot reactions of the catechol‐scaffolding aroylbis(N,N‐diethylthiourea) H2Lcat with mixtures of alkaline earth nitrates M(NO3)2 (M2+ = Ca2+, Sr2+ or Ba2+) and (NEt4)[AuCl4] or [Au(tht)Cl] (tht = tetrahydrothiophene) in methanol in the presence of Et3N as supporting base give rise to neutral trinuclear gold(I) {2}‐metallacoronates with the composition of {M ⊂ [Au2(Lcat)2]} (1). Similar reactions with the pyridine‐centered aroylbis(N,N‐diethylthiourea) H2Lpy, however, produce complexes with the same metal‐to‐ligand ratio but with higher nuclearity {2M ⊂ [Au4(Lpy)4]} (2). In both 1 and 2, Au(I) ions are exclusively S‐bonded with the organic ligands and adopt a virtually linear coordination fashion. Such metal‐ligand binding is responsible for the formation of metallacoronands, which accommodate alkaline earth metal ions in their molecular voids, thereby resulting in host–guest coordination assemblies. The level of metal‐ligand aggregation in the resulting assemblies is dependent on the denticity, size and flexibility of the centered building block of the aroylbis(N,N‐diethylthiourea) ligands.
Prospective Evaluation over 15 Years of Six Breast Cancer Risk Models
Creators: name: Li, Sherly X.
name: Milne, Roger L.
name: Nguyen-Dumont, Tú
name: English, Dallas R.
name: Giles, Graham G.
name: Southey, Melissa C.
name: Antoniou, Antonis C.
name: Lee, Andrew
name: Winship, Ingrid
name: Hopper, John L.
name: Terry, Mary Beth
name: MacInnis, Robert J.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: breast cancer
risk model
discrimination
calibration

description: Prospective validation of risk models is needed to assess their clinical utility, particularly over the longer term. We evaluated the performance of six commonly used breast cancer risk models (IBIS, BOADICEA, BRCAPRO, BRCAPRO-BCRAT, BCRAT, and iCARE-lit). 15-year risk scores were estimated using lifestyle factors and family history measures from 7608 women in the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study who were aged 50–65 years and unaffected at commencement of follow-up two (conducted in 2003–2007), of whom 351 subsequently developed breast cancer. Risk discrimination was assessed using the C-statistic and calibration using the expected/observed number of incident cases across the spectrum of risk by age group (50–54, 55–59, 60–65 years) and family history of breast cancer. C-statistics were higher for BOADICEA (0.59, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.56–0.62) and IBIS (0.57, 95% CI 0.54–0.61) than the other models (p-difference ≤ 0.04). No model except BOADICEA calibrated well across the spectrum of 15-year risk (p-value 0.03). The performance of BOADICEA and IBIS was similar across age groups and for women with or without a family history. For middle-aged Australian women, BOADICEA and IBIS had the highest discriminatory accuracy of the six risk models, but apart from BOADICEA, no model was well-calibrated across the risk spectrum.
Advances in powder bed based Additive Manufacturing of metal-glass-hybrid-components
Creators: name: Abel, Arvid
name: Sayilgan, Vurgun
name: Bernhard, Robert
name: Hermsdorf, Jörg
name: Kaierle, Stefan
name: Overmeyer, Ludger
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::670 | Industrielle und handwerkliche Fertigung

description: As powder bed based additive manufacturing (AM) is gaining more traction in the research and industry, significant efforts are made to expand the capability of AM in combining different materials. Conventionally, multiple materials, sealants and processes are necessary in order to join metal and glasses in assemblies. The development of a single-step process for vacuum-tight and strong bonding between glass and metal could drastically reduce the part count and assembly cost. This paper investigates the feasibility of joining the iron-nickel-cobalt alloy Kovar with borosilicate glass. The powder bed fusion by laser beam is used to melt Kovar structures directly onto glass substrates. Suitable process parameter for an iron-silicon-oxide material-bonding layer of 3 µm thickness were developed using design of experiments. With an energy input of 333 J/mm3 for the initial layer and 60 J/mm3 for the bulk structure, tensile testing of the metal-glass-connection revealed bonding forces up to 0.5 MPa.
Mainstreaming the labour market integration of immigrants in the EU : policy framework and policy impact
Creators: name: Zhumatova, Saltanat
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: My dissertation examines a recent policy trend in immigrant integration: ‘mainstreaming’, an effort to promote equality between immigrants and EU nationals in generic policy domains such as education, housing, and employment through strategies that address the needs of the population at large. Despite its prominence as a policy approach within the European Union, there is little cross-national comparative work on policy mainstreaming. My dissertation seeks to fill this gap by addressing cross-country variation in the mainstreaming of labour market support, and its impact on the labour market integration of immigrants. I develop a Policy Index of Mainstreaming in Labour Market Support that covers data from 2006 to 2016 across 25 EU/EEA countries. The MLMS Index is the first of its kind to categorize diversity in mainstreamed employment support policy. It measures the scope of mainstreaming and the level of access to mainstreamed policies for various groups of immigrants. I argue that due to its focus on equality, policy mainstreaming in labour market support enhances the convergence between immigrants and EU nationals with reference to employment outcomes and it improves, on average, career prospects for immigrants. Under more robust levels of mainstreaming, the link between immigrant status and labour market performance is reinforced and higher policy exposure is likely to lead to better employment outcomes. I use multilevel Bayesian regression analysis in combination with single-level logistic regression and cross-tabulation analysis to test the policy effects on the employment outcomes of immigrants in the EU. Individual-level data are drawn from the European Union Labour Force Survey. Country-level data are drawn from my Index of Mainstreaming in Labour Market Support, the CIVIX, the OECD and Eurostat. My research allows for an exploration of how mainstreamed labour market integration policies vary over time and place. Next, my work offers new insights into whether mainstreaming is an effective policy strategy. Finally, the dissertation joins a small but growing literature that uses multilevel regression analysis to test integration policy effects. I consider policy context as a community characteristic, which implies that analysis of the impact of mainstreaming should rely on both individual-level and country-level attributes.
Seed germination and early seedling growth of six wetland plant species in saline-alkaline environment
Creators: name: Wang, Xinyi
name: Cheng, Rui
name: Zhu, Hui
name: Cheng, Xianwei
name: Shutes, Brian
name: Yan, Baixing
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: This study focused on the effect of saline and alkaline stress on six typical wetland plant species during seed germination and early seedling growth stages. Based on the indicators of germination, seedling growth and ionic absorption in seedlings, relatively saline and alkaline tolerant plant species were selected and tolerance mechanism was discussed. Results showed that the existence of saline and alkaline stress inhibited the capacity of germination and early seedling growth of most tested plant species to varying degrees, therein effects of saline-alkaline stress were greater than saline stress. Based on the results of principal component analysis (PCA), germination percentage, K+ content, plant height, Na+ content and Na+/K+ ratios can be selected as representative indicators for saline and alkaline tolerance evaluation during seed germination and early seedling growth stages. Among tested species, Juncus effusus and Vetiveria zizanioides exhibited relatively higher saline and alkaline tolerant capacity during their seed germination and early seedling growth. Additionally, both species increase K+ accumulation and retain lower Na+/K+ ratios, which might be their tolerance mechanisms at ion level. In conclusion, V. zizaniodes and J. effusus were recommended as potential plant species for restoring degraded saline-alkaline wetlands and/or establishing constructed wetlands for treating saline wastewater.
Drosophila Dendritic Arborisation Neurons: Fantastic Actin Dynamics and Where to Find Them
Creators: name: Kilo, Lukas
name: Stürner, Tomke
name: Tavosanis, Gaia
name: Ziegler, Anna B.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: neuronal dendrites
dendrite arborization (da) neurons
actin
time-lapse imaging

description: Neuronal dendrites receive, integrate, and process numerous inputs and therefore serve as the neuron’s “antennae”. Dendrites display extreme morphological diversity across different neuronal classes to match the neuron’s specific functional requirements. Understanding how this structural diversity is specified is therefore important for shedding light on information processing in the healthy and diseased nervous system. Popular models for in vivo studies of dendrite differentiation are the four classes of dendritic arborization (c1da–c4da) neurons of Drosophila larvae with their class-specific dendritic morphologies. Using da neurons, a combination of live-cell imaging and computational approaches have delivered information on the distinct phases and the time course of dendrite development from embryonic stages to the fully developed dendritic tree. With these data, we can start approaching the basic logic behind differential dendrite development. A major role in the definition of neuron-type specific morphologies is played by dynamic actin-rich processes and the regulation of their properties. This review presents the differences in the growth programs leading to morphologically different dendritic trees, with a focus on the key role of actin modulatory proteins. In addition, we summarize requirements and technological progress towards the visualization and manipulation of such actin regulators in vivo.
title: Isolation of the Toxic Principle of  Senecio latifolius by Means of the Sensory Receptors of Sheep
Creators: name: Snyman, Leendert D
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2023

description: The aversive substance of Senecio latifolius was isolated by means of the sensory receptors of sheep averted to S. latifolius. Chemical fractions refused due to the presence of the aversive substance sensed by the sheep were fractionated until a purified substance had been isolated. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis of the purified substance showed it to be sceleratine nitrogen oxide, the toxic principle of S. latifolius.
A genomic snapshot of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi in Colombia.
Creators: name: Guevara, Paula Diaz
name: Maes, Mailis
name: Thanh, Duy Pham
name: Duarte, Carolina
name: Rodriguez, Edna Catering
name: Montaño, Lucy Angeline
name: Dan, Thanh Ho Ngoc
name: Nguyen, To Nguyen Thi
name: Carey, Megan E
name: Campos, Josefina
name: Chinen, Isabel
name: Perez, Enrique
name: Baker, Stephen
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021

description: Funder: Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
description: Funder: National Institute for Health Research
description: Funder: Oak Foundation
description: Little is known about the genetic diversity of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi) circulating in Latin America. It has been observed that typhoid fever is still endemic in this part of the world; however, a lack of standardized blood culture surveillance across Latin American makes estimating the true disease burden problematic. The Colombian National Health Service established a surveillance system for tracking bacterial pathogens, including S. Typhi, in 2006. Here, we characterized 77 representative Colombian S. Typhi isolates collected between 1997 and 2018 using pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE; the accepted genotyping method in Latin America) and whole genome sequencing (WGS). We found that the main S. Typhi clades circulating in Colombia were clades 2.5 and 3.5. Notably, the sequenced S. Typhi isolates from Colombia were closely related in a global phylogeny. Consequently, these data suggest that these are endemic clades circulating in Colombia. We found that AMR in S. Typhi in Colombia was uncommon, with a small subset of organisms exhibiting mutations associated with reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones. This is the first time that S. Typhi isolated from Colombia have been characterized by WGS, and after comparing these data with those generated using PFGE, we conclude that PFGE is unsuitable for tracking S. Typhi clones and mapping transmission. The genetic diversity of pathogens such as S. Typhi is limited in Latin America and should be targeted for future surveillance studies incorporating WGS.
Alternative splicing coupled mRNA decay shapes the temperature‐dependent transcriptome
Creators: name: Neumann, Alexander
name: Meinke, Stefan
name: Goldammer, Gesine
name: Strauch, Miriam
name: Schubert, Daniel
name: Timmermann, Bernd
name: Heyd, Florian
name: Preußner, Marco
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: alternative splicing
subject: circadian clock
subject: mRNA decay
subject: NMD
subject: SR proteins
subject: temperature
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::572 Biochemie

description: Mammalian body temperature oscillates with the time of the day and is altered in diverse pathological conditions. We recently identified a body temperature‐sensitive thermometer‐like kinase, which alters SR protein phosphorylation and thereby globally controls alternative splicing (AS). AS can generate unproductive variants which are recognized and degraded by diverse mRNA decay pathways—including nonsense‐mediated decay (NMD). Here we show extensive coupling of body temperature‐controlled AS to mRNA decay, leading to global control of temperature‐dependent gene expression (GE). Temperature‐controlled, decay‐inducing splicing events are evolutionarily conserved and pervasively found within RNA‐binding proteins, including most SR proteins. AS‐coupled poison exon inclusion is essential for rhythmic GE of SR proteins and has a global role in establishing temperature‐dependent rhythmic GE profiles, both in mammals under circadian body temperature cycles and in plants in response to ambient temperature changes. Together, these data identify body temperature‐driven AS‐coupled mRNA decay as an evolutionary ancient, core clock‐independent mechanism to generate rhythmic GE.
Clinical and genomic factors influencing type 2 diabetes remission after bariatric surgery
Creators: name: Szepietowski, Olivia
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: Bariatric surgery is currently the most effective treatment for type 2 diabetes (T2DM), in some cases inducing complete remission within days of surgery. The mechanisms driving this phenomenon remain unclear. This thesis describes the collection of clinical and genomic information from participants of the Personalised Medicine for Morbid Obesity (PMMO) study undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass or vertical gastrectomy, investigates the ability of clinical and genomic factors to predict diabetes remission following surgery, and identifies early post-surgery changes in gene expression that may drive remission. Although most T2DM improves to some extent following bariatric surgery, not everyone achieves remission. Scoring systems to predict remission help to ensure that limited NHS resources are directed towards those most likely to benefit: an early aim was to explore how these might be improved. Two such scores, DiaRem and Advanced-DiaRem, were applied to the PMMO cohort, along with the individual clinical factors of T2DM duration and number of prescribed T2DM drugs. Advanced-DiaRem had greatest predictive value in this heterogeneous cohort, particularly in non-insulin-treated participants for whom remission prediction scores have generally decreased efficacy. Identification of genomic predictors of diabetes remission may reveal more about the aetiology of diabetes and why people respond differently to bariatric surgery. Using RNA-sequencing and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) a transcript of HMGCS1 (required for de novo cholesterol biosynthesis) was identified as a genomic predictor of T2DM remission after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. This is the first transcriptomics biomarker identified as predictive of T2DM remission from pre-surgery peripheral blood. I also describe the first study comparing early post-operative transcriptomic profiles between remission and non-remission groups. Transcripts of ANXA6 (which regulates intracellular cholesterol distribution, further implicating bile-acids in the mechanisms of remission) and TRAF1 (which regulates NF-kB pathways) were differentially expressed in RNA-sequencing data, but this was not confirmed by qPCR analyses.
The metabolic effects and therapeutic utility of novel GLP-1/Glucagon receptor co-agonists in type 2 diabetes
Creators: name: Farooq, Gala
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterised by persistent hyperglycaemia. The global rise in obesity has fuelled an increase in the prevalence of diabetes and necessitates more effective treatments. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogues are one of the most efficacious therapeutics currently available, and simultaneously stimulate insulin secretion and increase insulin sensitivity through weight loss. Consequently, GLP-1 analogues are particularly useful for diabetic patients who are overweight or obese. It has been hypothesised that the tolerability and therapeutic efficacy of GLP-1 analogues could be enhanced by combining GLP-1 with a second insulinotropic hormone. Based on the well-established beneficial metabolic effects of oxyntomodulin, a naturally occurring GLP-1 and glucagon receptor co-agonist, glucagon has been proposed as a co-adjunct for GLP-1. While multiple groups have demonstrated the superior weight loss efficacy of GLP-1 and glucagon receptor co-agonists versus GLP-1 analogues, the insulinotropic effects of co-agonists remain undetermined. This project involved the development of novel GLP-1 and glucagon receptor co-agonists based on the sequence of oxyntomodulin, with targeted sequence modifications to confer longer plasma half lives and greater potency. To determine the direct beta cell effects of co-agonists, insulin secretion assays were performed in vitro using INS-1 832/3, MIN6B1 and EndoC-βH1 beta cells. In comparison to GLP-1 analogues, my co-agonists augmented insulin release in vitro. These insulinotropic effects were preserved in vivo in a high-fat, high-sucrose fed mouse model of type 2 diabetes, where the co-agonists led to greater insulinotropic responses than GLP-1 analogues acutely. On chronic administration, co-agonists did not impair glycaemic control despite their considerable glucagon receptor activity. In addition, co-agonists induced profound weight loss chronically, which was attributed to both food intake reduction through the GLP-1 receptor and energy expenditure effects through glucagon receptor activation. Paradoxically, the weight loss did not lead to improvements in glucose tolerance. The in vitro insulinotropic effects were associated with a signalling bias against β arrestin recruitment at the GLP-1R and could be due to reduced receptor trafficking and internalisation. However, the in vivo characteristics show no correlation to bias, and weight loss was instead found to be positively associated with relative glucagon receptor activity of the co-agonists. These findings highlight the potential of co-agonists as a safe therapy for weight loss in patients with diabetes and could inform the design of more potent insulinotropic compounds for therapeutic use in type 2 diabetes.
Past-day Adults' Sedentary Time (PAST) questionnaire in Spanish
Creators: name: Aguilar-Farias, Nicolas
name: Martino-Fuentealba, Pia
name: Chandia-Poblete, Damian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 160508 Health Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 111717 Primary Health Care
subject: 110604 Sports Medicine
subject: 110699 Human Movement and Sports Science not elsewhere classified

description: Translated version of the Past-day Adults' Sedentary Time (PAST) questionnaire into Spanish.
Versión traducida al español del cuestionario Past-day Adults' Sedentary Time (PAST).
title: Isolation of the Toxic Principle of Moraea pallida by Means of the Sensory Receptors of Sheep
Creators: name: Snyman, Leendert D
name: Kellerman, T. Stephanus
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2023

description: Chemical fractions of Moraea pallida were offered to a sheep in which aversion to the plant had previously been established. Fractions refused due to the presence of the aversive substance sensed by the sheep were further purified until a single substance had been isolated. The purified substance was characterized as epoxyscillirosidin, the toxic principle of M. pallida.
Matching the Vilkovisky-DeWitt Effective Action of Quantum Gravity to String Theory
Creators: name: Calmet, Xavier
name: Kiritsis, Elias
name: Kuipers, Folkert
name: Lust, Dieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we discuss the matching of the Vilkovisky-DeWitt effective action of quantum gravity to an example of an ultra-violet complete theory of quantum gravity. We show how this matching enables a calculation of the local Wilson coefficients of the effective action. We provide several examples in string theory. Moreover, we discuss the matching conditions within the context of the swampland program.
description: 11 pages
Lessons from co-innovation process for increasing grain legume production and consumption in Southern Sweden
Creators: name: Chongtham, Iman Raj
name: Gunnarsson, Anita
name: Carton, Nicola
name: Jensen, Erik Steen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: crop diversification
local grain legumes
multi-actor collaboration
value-chain

description: The poster describes the co-designing process, challenges and actions required for increasing grain legume production in Sweden
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