cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Hylaeus (Paraprosopis) sonorensis Cockerell 1924
Creators: name: Pedro, Diego De
name: Ceccarelli, Fadia Sara
name: Sagot, Philippe
name: López-Reyes, Eulogio
name: Mullins, Jessica L.
name: Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A.
name: Falcon-Brindis, Armando
name: Griswold, Terry
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Gardner, Joel
name: Ayala, Ricardo
name: Vides-Borrell, Eric
name: Vandame, Rémy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: Hylaeus (Paraprosopis) sonorensis Cockerell, 1924
[Holotype: CASC; ♀ Guaymas, Sonora, Mexico; April 10, 1921]
As the name suggests, Hylaeus sonorensis inhabits primarily in the SD. This species has been previously recorded in the Lower Colorado Desert in Bahia de Los Angeles in 1949 (UCRC). The BBPT collected one female in the Gulf Coast in Loreto City in March 2021 (MABC). See fig. 164.
description: Published as part of Pedro, Diego De, Ceccarelli, Fadia Sara, Sagot, Philippe, López-Reyes, Eulogio, Mullins, Jessica L., Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A., Falcon-Brindis, Armando, Griswold, Terry, Ascher, John S., Gardner, Joel, Ayala, Ricardo, Vides-Borrell, Eric & Vandame, Rémy, 2024, Revealing the Baja California Peninsula's Hidden Treasures: An Annotated checklist of the native bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), pp. 1-391 in Zootaxa 5522 (1) on page 242, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5522.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13920532
On Exact Polytropic Equilibria of Self-Gravitating Gaseous and Radiative Systems: Their Application to Molecular Cloud Condensation
Creators: name: Honda, Mitsuru
name: Honda, Yasuko. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a novel mathematical method to construct an exact polytropic sphere in self-gravitating hydrostatic equilibrium, improving the non-linear Poisson equation. The central boundary condition for the present equation requires a ratio of gas pressure to total one at the centre, which is uniquely identified by the whole mass and molecular weight of the system. The special solution derived from the Lane-Emden equation can be reproduced. This scheme is now available for modelling the molecular cloud cores in interstellar media. The mass-radius relation of the first core is found to be consistent with the recent results of radiation hydrodynamic simulations.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Experimental realization of a quantum image classifier via tensor-network-based machine learning
Creators: name: Wang, Kunkun
name: Xiao, Lei
name: Yi, Wei
name: Ran, Shi-Ju
name: Xue, Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum machine learning aspires to overcome intractability that currently limits its applicability to practical problems. However, quantum machine learning itself is limited by low effective dimensions achievable in state-of-the-art experiments. Here we demonstrate highly successful classifications of real-life images using photonic qubits, combining a quantum tensor-network representation of hand-written digits and entanglement-based optimization. Specifically, we focus on binary classification for hand-written zeroes and ones, whose features are cast into the tensor-network representation, further reduced by optimization based on entanglement entropy and encoded into two-qubit photonic states. We then demonstrate image classification with a high success rate exceeding 98%, through successive gate operations and projective measurements. Although we work with photons, our approach is amenable to other physical realizations such as nitrogen-vacancy centers, nuclear spins and trapped ions, and our scheme can be scaled to efficient multi-qubit encodings of features in the tensor-product representation, thereby setting the stage for quantum-enhanced multi-class classification.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Gibbsianness of locally thinned random fields
Creators: name: Engler, Nils
name: Jahnel, Benedikt
name: Külske, Christof
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Gibbsianness
subject: Bernoulli field
subject: local thinning
subject: two-layer representation
subject: Dobrushin uniqueness
subject: cluster expansion
subject: disagreement percolation
subject: 60D05
subject: 60K35
subject: 82B20

description: We consider the locally thinned Bernoulli field on ℤ d, which is the lattice version of the Type-I Matérn hardcore process in Euclidean space. It is given as the lattice field of occupation variables, obtained as image of an i.i.d. Bernoulli lattice field with occupation probability p, under the map which removes all particles with neighbors, while keeping the isolated particles. We prove that the thinned measure has a Gibbsian representation and provide control on its quasilocal dependence, both in the regime of small p, but also in the regime of large p, where the thinning transformation changes the Bernoulli measure drastically. Our methods rely on Dobrushin uniqueness criteria, disagreement percolation arguments [46], and cluster expansions
Disk, interval, point: on constructions of quantum field theories with holomorphic action functionals
Creators: name: Ishtiaque, Nafiz
name: Yagi, Junya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bosonic quantum field theories with holomorphic action functionals are realized by two types of constructions involving supersymmetric quantum field theories, compactified on an interval in one type and compactified on a disk and deformed in the other. We establish the equivalence between the two types of constructions by reducing the disk to the interval and the interval to a point. As examples, we discuss constructions of zero-dimensional gauged sigma model, gauged quantum mechanics, gauged symplectic bosons in two dimensions, and Chern-Simons theory and its higher-dimensional variants.
description: 58 pages. v2: minor changes and improvements made; references added. v3: minor changes. published version
Tradeable Emission Permits in Oligopoly
Creators: name: Fershtman, Chaim
name: De Zeeuw, Aart
name: Fershtman, Chaim
name: De Zeeuw, Aart
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: Financial Economics
International Relations/Trade

description: The paper considers an oligopolistic industry in which pollution is a by-product of production. Firms are assumed to have emission permits that restrict the amount that they pollute. These permits are assumed to be tradeable and the paper discusses a structure in which the same set of firms operates both in the product market as well as in the pollution permits market. The paper demonstrates that in such a structure allowing trade in emission permits is not necessarily beneficial. In particular it may lead to the choice of inferior production and abatement technologies, it may lead to a market equilibrium with lower output rates and higher prices and it may result in a shift of production from a low cost to a high cost firm.
Birth, trauma, and communicating maternal health
Creators: name: Johnson-Young, Elizabeth A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Cell Biology
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy
Hematology

description: This paper focuses on birth choices, experiences, and perceptions of traumatic or challenging birth experiences. Maternal and postpartum health is a topic of importance in the United States, given increasing maternal mortality rates , recognition of factors involved in postpartum depression and anxiety, and increasing rates of inductions and cesarean births (c-sections) despite the risks that come with them (Betran et al., 2018; Sandall et al., 2018). The overarching research questions for this project are: How do women define and perceive their negative birth experiences? What are the consequences of the experiences on future communication and care decisions? Using in-depth, semi-structured interviews of women who personally define their birth experience as difficult or traumatic, this paper discusses the potential consequences of listening, language, and support.
Invariant length scale in relativistic kinematics - Lessons from Dirichlet branes
Creators: name: Schuller, Frederic P
name: Pfeiffer, Hendryk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that Dirac-Born-Infeld theory possesses a hidden invariance that enhances the local O(1,p) Lorentz symmetry on a Dirichlet p-brane to an O(1,p) x O(1,p) gauge group, encoding both an invariant velocity and acceleration (or length) scale. This enlarged gauge group predicts consequences for the kinematics of observers on Dirichlet branes, with admissible accelerations being bounded from above. An important lesson beyond string theory is that a fundamental length scale can be implemented into the kinematics of general relativity, whilst preserving both space-time as a smooth manifold and local Lorentz symmetry, contrary to common belief. We point out consequences for string phenomenology, classical gravity and atomic physics.
description: 4 pages, to be published in Phys Lett B
Wavelength dependent ac-Stark shift of the 1S0 - 3P1 transition at 657 nm in Ca
Creators: name: Degenhardt, Carsten
name: Stoehr, Hardo
name: Sterr, Uwe
name: Riehle, Fritz
name: Lisdat, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured the ac-Stark shift of the 4s2 1S0 - 4s4p 3P1 line in 40Ca for perturbing laser wavelengths between 780 nm and 1064 nm with a time domain Ramsey-Borde atom interferometer. We found a zero crossing of the shift for the mS = 0 - mP = 0 transition and σpolarized perturbation at 800.8(22) nm. The data was analyzed by a model deriving the energy shift from known transition wavelengths and strengths. To fit our data, we adjusted the Einstein A coefficients of the 4s3d 3D - 4s4p 3P and 4s5s 3S - 4s4p 3P fine structure multiplets. With these we can predict vanishing ac-Stark shifts for the 1S0 m = 0 - 3P1 m = 1 transition and σ- light at 983(12) nm and at 735.5(20) nm for the transition to the 3P0 level.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables
Quantum-router: Storing and redirecting light at the photon level
Creators: name: Korzeczek, Martin C.
name: Braun, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a method for spatially re-routing single photons or light in a coherent state with small average photon number by purely electronic means, i.e. without using mechanical devices such as micro-mirror arrays. The method is based on mapping the quantum state of the incoming light onto a spin-wave in an atomic ensemble as is done in quantum memories of light. Then the wavevector of the spin-wave is modified in a controlled way by an applied magnetic field gradient. Finally, by re-applying the same control beam as for storing, the signal pulse is released in a new direction that depends on the deflected wavevector of the spin-wave. We show by numerical simulation that efficiencies can be achieved for arbitrary deflection angles in the plane that are comparable with simple photon storage and re-emission in forward direction, and propose a new method for eliminating the stored momentum as source of decoherence in the quantum memory. In a reasonable parameter regime, the re-routing should be achievable on a time-scale on the order of few to $\sim100$ microseconds, depending on the deflection angle. The shifts in the wavevector that can be achieved using the Zeeman-effect, with otherwise minimal changes to the spin-wave, can also be used to complement existing ac-Stark spin-wave manipulation methods.
description: Close to published version
Additional file 9 of Culicoides species composition and molecular identification of host blood meals at two zoos in the UK
Creators: name: England, Marion E.
name: Pearce-Kelly, Paul
name: Brugman, Victor A.
name: King, Simon
name: Gubbins, Simon
name: Sach, Fiona
name: Sanders, Christopher J.
name: Masters, Nic J.
name: Denison, Eric
name: Carpenter, Simon
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 9: Figure S2. Observed and expected daily trap catches for Culicoides obsoletus/C. scoticus females for trap locations at both zoos.
Hylaeus (Paraprosopis) wootoni
Creators: name: Pedro, Diego De
name: Ceccarelli, Fadia Sara
name: Sagot, Philippe
name: López-Reyes, Eulogio
name: Mullins, Jessica L.
name: Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A.
name: Falcon-Brindis, Armando
name: Griswold, Terry
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Gardner, Joel
name: Ayala, Ricardo
name: Vides-Borrell, Eric
name: Vandame, Rémy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: Hylaeus (Paraprosopis) wootoni (Cockerell, 1896)
[Type: ♂ Ruidoso Creek, 2,286 mts elev., New Mexico, USA; July 6, 1895]
Hylaeus wootoni is distributed from southwestern Canada to northern Mexico. In the BCP, this species has been previously recorded in the Baja California Mountains in Sierra San Pedro Mártir in June 1953 (UCRC). The BBPT collected five males near the border with the USA: one in the Chaparral and four in the Baja California Mountains in Sierra Juarez in May 2022 (MABC). See fig. 165.
description: Published as part of Pedro, Diego De, Ceccarelli, Fadia Sara, Sagot, Philippe, López-Reyes, Eulogio, Mullins, Jessica L., Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A., Falcon-Brindis, Armando, Griswold, Terry, Ascher, John S., Gardner, Joel, Ayala, Ricardo, Vides-Borrell, Eric & Vandame, Rémy, 2024, Revealing the Baja California Peninsula's Hidden Treasures: An Annotated checklist of the native bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), pp. 1-391 in Zootaxa 5522 (1) on page 243, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5522.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13920532
The Coronal X-ray Spectrum of the Multiple Weak-Lined T Tauri Star System HD 98800
Creators: name: Kastner, Joel H.
name: Huenemoerder, David P.
name: Schulz, Norbert S.
name: Canizares, Claude R.
name: Li, Jingqiang
name: Weintraub, David A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high-resolution X-ray spectra of the multiple (hierarchical quadruple) weak-lined T Tauri star system HD 98800, obtained with the High Energy Transmission Gratings Spectrograph (HETGS) aboard the Chandra X-ray Observatory (CXO). In the zeroth-order CXO/HETGS X-ray image, both principle binary components of HD 98800 (A and B, separation 0.8'') are detected; component A was observed to flare during the observation. The infrared excess (dust disk) component, HD 98800B, is a factor ~4 fainter in X-rays than the apparently ``diskless'' HD 98800A, in quiescence. The line ratios of He-like species (e.g., Ne IX, O VII) in the HD 98800A spectrum indicate that the X-ray-emitting plasma around HD 98800 is in a typical coronal density regime (log n
description: 11 pages, 5 figures; to appear in the Astrophysical Journal (Letters)
Interaction of formal and informal institutions: The case of low -wage labor migration from Kyrgyzstan to the United States
Creators: name: Liebert, Saltanat
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This dissertation examines the interaction between formal and informal institutions in the process of migration from Kyrgyzstan to the United States for low-wage labor. More specifically, it demonstrates how formal and informal institutions interact in the process of irregular labor migration and how informal institutions influence the implementation of immigration policy of the United States. Focusing on countries of origin and destination, this study explains how the process of illegal labor migration from Kyrgyzstan to the United States works and what formal and informal institutions are involved in this process. This dissertation illuminates what happens when institutions in developing and developed countries interact with each other and how such transnational interactions influence formal institutional outcomes. This project embraces a case study research method relying on multiple data sources, including in-depth interviews with low-wage Kyrgyz labor migrants in the United States, migration intermediaries, Kyrgyz migration officials and policy makers, U.S. consular personnel in Kyrgyzstan, and analysis of migration laws and regulations of the United States and Kyrgyzstan. This study argues that formal and informal institutions involved in the process of labor migration from Kyrgyzstan to the United States interact in three principal ways that have distinct effects on formal institutional outcomes. This dissertation facilitates a better understanding of the role of informal institutions as one of the determining factors in the success or failure of public policies. It also brings a comparative transnational perspective into the institutionalism research. Finally, this dissertation addresses a major gap in migration literature by presenting the first study of irregular labor migration from the former Soviet Union the United States.
Exceeding the Landau superflow speed limit with topological Bogoliubov Fermi surfaces
Creators: name: Autti, S.
name: Mäkinen, J. T.
name: Rysti, J.
name: Volovik, G. E.
name: Zavjalov, V. V.
name: Eltsov, V. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A common property of topological systems is the appearance of topologically protected zero-energy excitations. In a superconductor or superfluid such states set the critical velocity of dissipationless flow $v_{\mathrm{cL}}$, proposed by Landau, to zero. We check experimentally whether stable superflow is nevertheless possible in the polar phase of p-wave superfluid $^3$He, which features a Dirac node line in the energy spectrum of Bogoliubov quasiparticles. The fluid is driven by rotation of the whole cryostat, and superflow breakdown is seen as the appearance of single- or half-quantum vortices. Vortices are detected using the relaxation rate of a Bose-Einstein condensate of magnons, created within the fluid. The superflow in the polar phase is found to be stable up to a finite critical velocity $v_{\rm c}\approx 0.2\,$cm/s, despite the zero value of the Landau critical velocity. We suggest that the stability of the superflow above $v_{\mathrm{cL}}$ but below $v_{\rm c}$ is provided by the accumulation of the flow-induced quasiparticles into pockets in the momentum space, bounded by Bogoliubov Fermi surfaces. In the polar phase this surface has non-trivial topology which includes two pseudo-Weyl points. Vortices forming above the critical velocity are strongly pinned in the confining matrix, used to stabilize the polar phase, and hence stable macroscopic superflow can be maintained even when the external drive is brought to zero.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, version accepted to Phys. Rev. Research
Environmental sanitation and gender among the urban poor: A case study of the Kibera slum, Kenya
Creators: name: Lusambili, Adelaide Mikhako
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This study examines the existing environmental sanitation infrastructure and how it affects the lives of different populations in the slums of Kibera, Kenya. Specifically, the study looks at Kibera's existing water and waste disposal infrastructure and considers how current conditions shape sanitary behaviors, patterns of disease, health care and health seeking behavior. The study is based on in-depth interviews with 41 informants, including Kibera residents, clinicians working in Kibera, local leaders, and representatives from active community organizations. In addition, data was gathered through direct and participant observation, personal investigation of conditions, and behaviors reported by informants. The following conclusions are based on these investigations. Water and waste disposal. (1) Existing toilets and washing facilities fall short of current sanitation needs. (2) Facilities are controlled by building owners or private micro entrepreneurs and are expensive for many residents to purchase. (3) Facilities are generally located outside the home and are poorly maintained thus insecure and dangerous for weaker members of society to use. (4) Responsibility for cleaning facilities and disposing of waste is unclearly defined. (5) Lack of proper cleaning poses a significant environmental blight and hazard to public health. (6) The detrimental impact of poor toilet facilities falls disproportionately on women and children. Hygienic behavior. (1) Lack of water, soap, and toilets makes proper hygiene, such as hand washing and bathing impossible. (2) Poor hygiene results in food contamination and pest infestations. (3) Poor hygiene contributes to the spread of diseases such as diarrhea, scabies, malaria, and typhoid that affect the residents. Health care and health seeking behavior. (1) Lack of money, rather than lack of knowledge about symptoms and diseases, deterred the majority of the population from using the biomedical facilities available in the slums and in the Central Business District. (2) The majority of people sought treatment through traditional, alternative healthcare, medicines offered by vendors on the streets, and through spiritual and traditional healers. (3) Biomedical facilities were few and privately owned. (4) Biomedical facilities treated more children than adults and more females than males.
The Value of Information: The Case of Signal-Dependent Opportunity Sets
Creators: name: Sulganik, Eyal
name: Zilcha, Itzhak
name: Sulganik, Eyal
name: Zilcha, Itzhak
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: Financial Economics

description: We generalize the economic decision problem considered by Blackwell (1953) in which a decision maker chooses an action after observing a signal correlated to the state of nature. Unlike Blackwell's case where the feasible set is fixed, in our framework, the feasible set of actions depends on the signal and the information system. As we indicate such a framework has more significance to economic models. We show that in this case, contrary to Blackwell's well-known result, more information may be disadvantageous. We derive conditions for this general model which guarantee that more information is beneficial.
Environmental sanitation and gender among the urban poor: A case study of the Kibera slum, Kenya
Creators: name: Lusambili, Adelaide Mikhako
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4401
subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: This study examines the existing environmental sanitation infrastructure and how it affects the lives of different populations in the slums of Kibera, Kenya. Specifically, the study looks at Kibera's existing water and waste disposal infrastructure and considers how current conditions shape sanitary behaviors, patterns of disease, health care and health seeking behavior. The study is based on in-depth interviews with 41 informants, including Kibera residents, clinicians working in Kibera, local leaders, and representatives from active community organizations. In addition, data was gathered through direct and participant observation, personal investigation of conditions, and behaviors reported by informants. The following conclusions are based on these investigations. Water and waste disposal. (1) Existing toilets and washing facilities fall short of current sanitation needs. (2) Facilities are controlled by building owners or private micro entrepreneurs and are expensive for many residents to purchase. (3) Facilities are generally located outside the home and are poorly maintained thus insecure and dangerous for weaker members of society to use. (4) Responsibility for cleaning facilities and disposing of waste is unclearly defined. (5) Lack of proper cleaning poses a significant environmental blight and hazard to public health. (6) The detrimental impact of poor toilet facilities falls disproportionately on women and children. Hygienic behavior. (1) Lack of water, soap, and toilets makes proper hygiene, such as hand washing and bathing impossible. (2) Poor hygiene results in food contamination and pest infestations. (3) Poor hygiene contributes to the spread of diseases such as diarrhea, scabies, malaria, and typhoid that affect the residents. Health care and health seeking behavior. (1) Lack of money, rather than lack of knowledge about symptoms and diseases, deterred the majority of the population from using the biomedical facilities available in the slums and in the Central Business District. (2) The majority of people sought treatment through traditional, alternative healthcare, medicines offered by vendors on the streets, and through spiritual and traditional healers. (3) Biomedical facilities were few and privately owned. (4) Biomedical facilities treated more children than adults and more females than males.
Three essays on the impact of preferential trade agreements on development, trade, and investment
Creators: name: Medvedev, Denis E.
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 38
subject: Economics

description: This dissertation consists of three essays on the trade and investment impacts of preferential trade agreements (PTAs). The first essay shows that total trade within PTAs is a poor proxy for truly preferential trade, defined as trade in tariff lines where preferences are likely to matter. While total intra-PTA trade amounted to one-third of global trade in 2000-02, preferential trade was only between one-sixth and one-tenth of world trade. Our gravity model estimates indicate that using total rather than preferential trade to assess the impact of PTAs leads to a significant downward bias in the PTA coefficient, and that the removal of product exclusions and long phase-in periods could as much as triple preferential trade. The second essay finds that PTA membership is associated with an increase in net FDI inflows, and the FDI gains are increasing in the market size of the PTA partners and their proximity to the host country. We identify several channels through which preferential trade liberalization may affect FDI, and confirm that both threshold effects (signing the agreement) and market size effects (joining a larger and faster-growing common market) are important determinants of net FDI inflows. The estimated relationship is driven by North-South and South-South PTAs, and is most pronounced in the late 1990s and early 2000s, which is the period when most "deep integration" PTAs have been formed. The third essay quantifies the likely benefits of trade and investment liberalization in a small, poor, open economy, using the accession of Honduras to the Dominican Republic-Central American Free Trade Agreement (DR-CAFTA) as a case study. We find that bilateral trade liberalization with the US is likely to have almost no effect on Honduran welfare, while the reciprocal removal of protection vis-a-vis the rest of Central America would lead to significantly larger gains. Potential gains from increased net FDI inflows overwhelm those expected from trade reform alone, particularly if the new FDI generates productivity spillovers. These results suggest that the focus of PTA negotiations should rest with formulating provisions that are likely to result in increased net FDI inflows.
Additional file 2 of Immune-related prognosis biomarkers associated with osteosarcoma microenvironment
Creators: name: Weifeng Hong
name: Yuan, Hong
name: Yujun Gu
name: Mouyuan Liu
name: Yayun Ji
name: Zifang Huang
name: Junlin Yang
name: Ma, Liheng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Gene list of 70 survival-related DEGs. P value
Three essays on the impact of preferential trade agreements on development, trade, and investment
Creators: name: Medvedev, Denis E.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This dissertation consists of three essays on the trade and investment impacts of preferential trade agreements (PTAs). The first essay shows that total trade within PTAs is a poor proxy for truly preferential trade, defined as trade in tariff lines where preferences are likely to matter. While total intra-PTA trade amounted to one-third of global trade in 2000-02, preferential trade was only between one-sixth and one-tenth of world trade. Our gravity model estimates indicate that using total rather than preferential trade to assess the impact of PTAs leads to a significant downward bias in the PTA coefficient, and that the removal of product exclusions and long phase-in periods could as much as triple preferential trade. The second essay finds that PTA membership is associated with an increase in net FDI inflows, and the FDI gains are increasing in the market size of the PTA partners and their proximity to the host country. We identify several channels through which preferential trade liberalization may affect FDI, and confirm that both threshold effects (signing the agreement) and market size effects (joining a larger and faster-growing common market) are important determinants of net FDI inflows. The estimated relationship is driven by North-South and South-South PTAs, and is most pronounced in the late 1990s and early 2000s, which is the period when most "deep integration" PTAs have been formed. The third essay quantifies the likely benefits of trade and investment liberalization in a small, poor, open economy, using the accession of Honduras to the Dominican Republic-Central American Free Trade Agreement (DR-CAFTA) as a case study. We find that bilateral trade liberalization with the US is likely to have almost no effect on Honduran welfare, while the reciprocal removal of protection vis-a-vis the rest of Central America would lead to significantly larger gains. Potential gains from increased net FDI inflows overwhelm those expected from trade reform alone, particularly if the new FDI generates productivity spillovers. These results suggest that the focus of PTA negotiations should rest with formulating provisions that are likely to result in increased net FDI inflows.
Technological Convergence and International Trade
Creators: name: Ben-David, Dan
name: Rahman, Atiqur
name: Ben-David, Dan
name: Rahman, Atiqur
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: Financial Economics
International Relations/Trade
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: This paper builds on earlier evidence showing that, while most countries exhibit little evidence of unconditional income convergence, countries that trade heavily with one another tend to exhibit a much higher incidence of convergence. Two alternative explanations for the trade-related convergence are explored here. The first alternative is that the trade-related income convergence is due to a convergence in capital-labor ratios. Little support is found for this explanation. The other alternative examined here is that of a trade-related convergence in technologies. This alternative is corroborated by a high incidence of convergence in total factor productivities among countries that trade heavily with one another - an outcome that is not common between these same countries when they are grouped randomly rather than on the basis of trade.
New high-resolution radio observations of the SNR CTB 80
Creators: name: Castelleti, G.
name: Dubner, G.
name: Golap, K.
name: Goss, W. M.
name: Velazquez, P. F.
name: Holdaway, M.
name: Rao, A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report new high resolution and high sensitivity radio observations of the extended supernova remnant (SNR) CTB 80 (G69.0+2.7) at 240 MHz, 324 MHz, 618 MHz, and 1380 MHz. The imaging of CTB 80 at 240 MHz and 618 MHz was performed using the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) in India. The observations at 324 MHz and 1380 MHz were obtained using the Very Large Array (VLA, NRAO) in its C and D configurations. The new radio images reveal faint extensions for the asymmetric arms of CTB 80. The arms are irregular with filaments and clumps of size 1' (or 0.6 pc at a distance of 2 kpc). The radio image at 1380 MHz is compared with IR and optical emission. The correspondence IR/radio is excellent along the N arm of CTB 80. Ionized gas observed in the [SII] line perfectly matches the W and N edges of CTB 80. The central nebula associated with the pulsar PSR B1951+32 was investigated with an angular resolution of 10" x 6". The new radio image obtained at 618 MHz shows with superb detail structures in the 8' x 4' E-W ``plateau'' nebula that hosts the pulsar on its western extreme. A twisted filament, about 6' in extent (~3.5 pc), trails behind the pulsar in an approximate W-E direction. In the bright ``core'' nebula (size \~45"), located to the W of the plateau, the images show a distortion in the morphology towards the W; this feature corresponds to the direction in which the pulsar escapes from the SNR with a velocity of ~240 km/s. Based on the new observations, the energetics of the SNR and of the PWN are investigated.
description: 11 pages, Latex, 6 eps figures, To appear in AJ Vol 126., No. 5, November 2003
Standardization Policy and International Trade
Creators: name: Gandal, Neil
name: Shy, Oz
name: Gandal, Neil
name: Shy, Oz
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: Financial Economics
International Relations/Trade

description: In this paper we examine the incentives for governments to recognize the standards of foreign products. In the case of non-recognition, a foreign firm must incur an additional cost to sell in the local market. In the benchmark case, we assume that governmental policy is limited to either (1) recognizing all foreign standards or (2) not recognizing any standards. We then enrich the model and investigate whether countries can gain by forming blocks (standardization unions) which entail mutual standard recognition among member countries.
Hylaeus (Prosopis) episcopalis
Creators: name: Pedro, Diego De
name: Ceccarelli, Fadia Sara
name: Sagot, Philippe
name: López-Reyes, Eulogio
name: Mullins, Jessica L.
name: Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A.
name: Falcon-Brindis, Armando
name: Griswold, Terry
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Gardner, Joel
name: Ayala, Ricardo
name: Vides-Borrell, Eric
name: Vandame, Rémy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: Hylaeus (Prosopis) episcopalis (Cockerell, 1896)
[Type: ♂ Elk River, 16.94 km north of Steamboat Springs, Colorado, USA; July 16, 1894]
This species is widely distributed in northern Mexico and the western USA. It is most abundant Hylaeus species in BC. AMNH reported five preserved specimen records collected in 1963 in the Lower Colorado Desert in San Felipe (GBIF 2023). The BBPT collected 25 females and 6 males in the Coastal Sage Matorral, Chaparral and Baja California Mountains (Supplementary material 1). Voucher specimens are in MABC, and ECOAB. See fig. 165.
description: Published as part of Pedro, Diego De, Ceccarelli, Fadia Sara, Sagot, Philippe, López-Reyes, Eulogio, Mullins, Jessica L., Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A., Falcon-Brindis, Armando, Griswold, Terry, Ascher, John S., Gardner, Joel, Ayala, Ricardo, Vides-Borrell, Eric & Vandame, Rémy, 2024, Revealing the Baja California Peninsula's Hidden Treasures: An Annotated checklist of the native bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), pp. 1-391 in Zootaxa 5522 (1) on page 244, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5522.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13920532
Learning Autoencoders with Relational Regularization
Creators: name: Xu, Hongteng
name: Luo, Dixin
name: Henao, Ricardo
name: Shah, Svati
name: Carin, Lawrence
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A new algorithmic framework is proposed for learning autoencoders of data distributions. We minimize the discrepancy between the model and target distributions, with a \emph{relational regularization} on the learnable latent prior. This regularization penalizes the fused Gromov-Wasserstein (FGW) distance between the latent prior and its corresponding posterior, allowing one to flexibly learn a structured prior distribution associated with the generative model. Moreover, it helps co-training of multiple autoencoders even if they have heterogeneous architectures and incomparable latent spaces. We implement the framework with two scalable algorithms, making it applicable for both probabilistic and deterministic autoencoders. Our relational regularized autoencoder (RAE) outperforms existing methods, $e.g.$, the variational autoencoder, Wasserstein autoencoder, and their variants, on generating images. Additionally, our relational co-training strategy for autoencoders achieves encouraging results in both synthesis and real-world multi-view learning tasks. The code is at https://github.com/HongtengXu/ Relational-AutoEncoders.
Cloud Structure and Physical Conditions in Star-forming Regions from Optical Observations. I. Data and Component Structure
Creators: name: Pan, K.
name: Federman, S. R.
name: Cunha, K.
name: Smith, V. V.
name: Welty, D. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high-resolution optical spectra (at ~0.6--1.8 km s-1) of interstellar CN, CH, CH^+, \ion{Ca}{1}, \ion{K}{1}, and \ion{Ca}{2} absorption toward 29 lines of sight in three star-forming regions, ρOph, Cep OB2, and Cep OB3. The observations and data reduction are described. The agreement between earlier measurements of the total equivalent widths and our results is quite good. However, our higher resolution spectra reveal complex structure and closely blended components in most lines of sight. The velocity component structure of each species is obtained by analyzing the spectra of the six species for a given sight line together. The tabulated column densities and Doppler parameters of individual components are determined by using the method of profile fitting. Total column densities along lines of sight are computed by summing results from profile fitting for individual components and are compared with column densities from the apparent optical depth method. A more detailed analysis of these data and their implications will be presented in a companion paper.
description: 66 pages, 15 figures, accepted to ApJS
Біозагроза_сибірки_в_ОРДЛО-2019-.pdf
Creators: name: Machuskyy, Oleksandr
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 70707 Veterinary Microbiology (excl. Virology)
subject: FOS: Veterinary sciences

description: The purpose of this study was to determine the possibility of creating a biological threat from the causative agent of anthrax to susceptible organisms in the temporarily occupied territories of Donetsk and Luhansk regions.
Technological Progress, Mobility and Economic Growth
Creators: name: Galor, Oded
name: Tsiddon, Daniel
name: Galor, Oded
name: Tsiddon, Daniel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: Financial Economics
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: This paper analyses the relationship between technological progress, the transmission of income inequality across generations, and economic growth. The analysis demonstrates that the interplay between technological progress and two components that determine individual earnings - parental human capital and individual ability - governs the evolutionary Patterns of intergenerational earnings mobility, the pace of technological progress, and economic growth. In periods of major technological inventions the ability effect is the dominating factor. The decline in the relative importance of initial parental conditions (i.e., the driving force behind the persistence of inequality) enhances mobility and generates a larger concentration of individuals with high levels of ability and human capital in technologically advanced sectors, stimulating further technological progress and economic growth. In periods of technological innovations, however, once existing technologies become more accessible, the parental specific human capital effect is the dominating factor, mobility is diminished and inequality becomes more persistent. The reduction in the concentration of human capital in technologically advanced sectors diminishes the likelihood of major technological breakthroughs and slows down future economic growth. User friendliness, therefore, becomes unfriendly to future economic growth.
Young's modulus of polyelectrolyte multilayers from microcapsule swelling
Creators: name: Vinogradova, O. I.
name: Andrienko, D.
name: Lulevich, V. V.
name: Nordschild, S.
name: Sukhorukov, G. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure Young's modulus of a free polyelectrolyte multilayer film by studying osmotically induced swelling of polyelectrolyte multilayer microcapsules filled with the polyelectrolyte solution. Different filling techniques and core templates were used for the capsule preparation. Varying the concentration of the polyelectrolyte inside the capsule, its radius and the shell thickness yielded an estimate of an upper limit for Young's modulus of the order of 100 MPa. This corresponds to an elastomer and reflects strong interactions between polyanions and polycations in the multilayer.
Conditioned taste aversions induced by the combination of heroin and cocaine (speedball)
Creators: name: Pescatore, Karen A.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Speedball (heroin and cocaine) is a prevalent drug combination. It is possible that either drug impacts the perceived rewarding effects of the other, increasing their combined use. Interestingly, the aversive effects of a drug also contribute to its overall acceptability, basically as a factor that might limit drug intake. Accordingly, the present study examined the effects of heroin on cocaine-induced aversions (Experiment 1) and cocaine on heroin-induced aversions (Experiment 2) to determine if a weakening of aversions might occur which could impact the use of the drug combination. In Experiment 1, male Sprague-Dawley rats were given access to a novel saccharin solution and then injected with various doses of cocaine (10, 18 or 32 mg/kg, SC) immediately followed by injections of vehicle or heroin (3.2 mg/kg, IP). This conditioning day was followed by three days of water recovery which constituted one conditioning trial, for a total of four trials. On the day following the final water recovery day, all subjects were given a test of the aversion to saccharin. On the aversion test, aversions induced by the combination of heroin and the low dose of cocaine (10 mg/kg) were significantly greater than that induced by cocaine alone. At the two higher doses of cocaine, the aversion induced by the combination was comparable to that induced by cocaine alone. In Experiment 2, male Sprague-Dawley rats were given access to a novel saccharin solution and then injected with vehicle or cocaine (10 mg/kg) prior to injections of varying doses of heroin (1.8, 3.2, 5.6 or 10 mg/kg). The conditioning procedure was identical to Experiment 1. On the aversion test, aversions induced by the combination were never significantly different from aversions induced by heroin alone at any dose. Given that aversions induced by the combination were not consistently weaker than the aversions induced by the individual drug(s) alone suggests that the use of the combination is not likely due to a weakening of the aversive effects of either heroin or cocaine. Instead, these results suggest that the combination increases the rewarding effects of the individual drug(s), an effect that impacts its overall acceptability.
Intrinsic Variability and Field Statistics for the Vela Pulsar: 2. Systematics and Single-Component Fits
Creators: name: Cairns, Iver H.
name: Johnston, S.
name: Das, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Individual pulses from pulsars have intensity-phase profiles that differ widely from pulse to pulse, from the average profile, and from phase to phase within a pulse. Widely accepted explanations do not exist for this variability or for the mechanism producing the radiation. The variability corresponds to the field statistics, particularly the distribution of wave field amplitudes, which are predicted by theories for wave growth in inhomogeneous media. This paper shows that the field statistics of the Vela pulsar (PSR B0833-45) are well-defined and vary as a function of pulse phase, evolving from Gaussian intensity statistics off-pulse to approximately power-law and then lognormal distributions near the pulse peak to approximately power-law and eventually Gaussian statistics off-pulse again. Detailed single-component fits confirm that the variability corresponds to lognormal statistics near the peak of the pulse profile and Gaussian intensity statistics off-pulse. The lognormal field statistics observed are consistent with the prediction of stochastic growth theory (SGT) for a purely linear system close to marginal stability. The simplest interpretations are that the pulsar's variability is a direct manifestation of an SGT state and the emission mechanism is linear (either direct or indirect), with no evidence for nonlinear mechanisms like modulational instability and wave collapse which produce power-law field statistics. Stringent constraints are placed on nonlinear mechanisms: they must produce lognormal statistics when suitably ensemble-averaged. Field statistics are thus a powerful, potentially widely applicable tool for understanding variability and constraining mechanisms and source characteristics of coherent astrophysical and space emissions.
description: 11 pages, 12 figures. Accepted by Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronmical Society in April 2003
Information geometry encoded in bulk geometry
Creators: name: Tsuchiya, Asato
name: Yamashiro, Kazushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study how information geometry is described by bulk geometry in the gauge/gravity correspondence. We consider a quantum information metric that measures the distance between the ground states of a CFT and a theory obtained by perturbing the CFT. We find a universal formula that represents the quantum information metric in terms of back reaction to the AdS bulk geometry.
description: 19 pages, 1 figure, published version