cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
EAS observation conditions in the SPHERE-2 balloon experiment
Creators: name: Bonvech, E. A.
name: Chernov, D. V.
name: Finger, M.
name: Finger, M.
name: Galkin, V. I.
name: Podgrudkov, D. A.
name: Roganova, T. M.
name: Vaiman, I. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The SPHERE project studies primary cosmic rays by detection of the Cherenkov light of extensive air showers reflected from the snowy surface of the earth. Measurements with the aerial-based detector SPHERE-2 were performed in 2011-2013. The detector was lifted by the balloon at altitudes up to 900 m above snowed surface of Lake Baikal, Russia. The results of the experiment are summarized now in a series of papers that opens with this article.
 An overview of the SPHERE-2 detector telemetry monitoring systems is presented along with the analysis of the measurements conditions including atmosphere profile. The analysis of the detector state and environment atmosphere conditions monitoring provided various cross-checks of detector calibration, positioning and performance.
description: 11 pages, 20 figures
title: The Persistence of Knuckle Creases During Finger Flexion for the Identification of Perpetrators From Digital Images of Their Hands and the Application of Deep Learning to Knuckle Crease Segmentation
titleType: Other
Creators: name: Dan, Lilly
Publisher: name: University of Dundee
Year: 2023

description: The analysis of knuckle creases is part of the multifactorial assessment of digital images of the hand used to assist in the identification of perpetrators captured in images depicting child sexual abuse and other offending behaviours. To quantify the impact of finger flexion on the appearance of the dorsal knuckle creases associated with the proximal interphalangeal joint (PIP) joint in digital images, the collection of knuckle crease images, at different points of finger flexion, was facilitated through an app-based Citizen Science project, Knuckle Down ID. A method of knuckle crease classification was adapted to assess the images collected, was evaluated for intra- and inter-reliability, and then used to assess the impact of finger flexion on the frequency of different knuckle crease features observed in manual analysis.

The results show that the adapted methodology had good intra-observer repeatability (ICC 0.81) when the entire method was assessed. The assessment of both intra- and inter- observer reliability indicated that the tracing aspect of the methodology was less repeatable than the second half of the methodology; coding the presence of knuckle crease features. It was observed that this had a knock-on impact on the reliability of the whole methodology (ICC 0.50). However, the implementation of a UNet based knuckle crease segmentation algorithm, robust to different hand positions, appeared to show promise in improving the repeatability of the methodology when the outputs of the models were compared to the outputs generated from manual knuckle crease traces produced by experts (ICC 0.71 and 0.61).

The impact of flexion on the recorded frequency of knuckle creases was shown to be significant (p = .00). However, when comparing two hands at different points of flexion, only when comparing fingers held at 0⁰ vs 45⁰ (p =.04) as well as fingers held at 90⁰ vs any other finger position was the differences in the knuckle crease feature frequencies significant (p = .00). The comparison of knuckle crease image pairs at 20⁰ of hyperflexion vs 0⁰ (p = .10) and 20⁰ of hyperflexion vs 45⁰ (p = .09) showed that the difference in knuckle crease feature frequencies was not significant.

This research displays the benefits of integrating a knuckle crease segmentation algorithm to improve the speed and consistency in which the manual analysis of knuckle creases is performed. The results regarding the impact of finger flexion have implications for examiners and improves understanding of the limitations of the 1:1 comparison of knuckle creases in casework evidence in which perpetrator's hands are unconstrained.
Urban Melanesia: Insights from the European Society for Oceanists
Creators: name: Cox, John
Publisher: name: Canberra, ACT : Coral Bell School of Asia Pacific Affairs, College of Asia and the Pacific, The Australian National University
Year: 2015

description: The 2015 European Society for Oceanists conference was one of the largest-ever gatherings of scholars of the Pacific. This In Brief reviews the day-long session on Urban Melanesia, convened by two eminent anthropologists: Lamont Lindstrom and Christine Jourdan.
Two Heads are Better than One: Geometric-Latent Attention for Point Cloud Classification and Segmentation
Creators: name: Cuevas-Velasquez, Hanz
name: Gallego, Antonio Javier
name: Fisher, Robert B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present an innovative two-headed attention layer that combines geometric and latent features to segment a 3D scene into semantically meaningful subsets. Each head combines local and global information, using either the geometric or latent features, of a neighborhood of points and uses this information to learn better local relationships. This Geometric-Latent attention layer (Ge-Latto) is combined with a sub-sampling strategy to capture global features. Our method is invariant to permutation thanks to the use of shared-MLP layers, and it can also be used with point clouds with varying densities because the local attention layer does not depend on the neighbor order. Our proposal is simple yet robust, which allows it to achieve competitive results in the ShapeNetPart and ModelNet40 datasets, and the state-of-the-art when segmenting the complex dataset S3DIS, with 69.2% IoU on Area 5, and 89.7% overall accuracy using K-fold cross-validation on the 6 areas.
description: Accepted in BMVC 2021
Detection and typicality of bound entangled states
Creators: name: Bae, Joonwoo
name: Tiersch, Markus
name: Sauer, Simeon
name: de Melo, Fernando
name: Mintert, Florian
name: Hiesmayr, Beatrix
name: Buchleitner, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive an explicit analytic estimate for the entanglement of a large class of bipartite quantum states which extends into bound entanglement regions. This is done by using an efficiently computable concurrence lower bound, which is further employed to numerically construct a volume of $3 \times 3$ bound entangled states.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures. Published version
Nonlocal conductivity, continued fractions and current vortices in electron fluids
Creators: name: Nazaryan, Khachatur G.
name: Levitov, Leonid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vortices in electron fluids are a key indicator of electron hydrodynamics. However, a comprehensive framework linking macroscopic vorticity measurements with microscopic interactions and scattering mechanisms has been lacking. We employ wavenumber-dependent conductivity $σ(k)$ incorporating realistic microscopic scattering processes, aiming to clarify the relationship between nonlocal response and vortices across ballistic and hydrodynamic phases. Vorticity is found to take similar values in both phases but feature very different sensitivity to momentum-relaxing scattering, with ballistic vortical flows being orders-of-magnitude more resilient than the hydrodynamic ones. This behavior can serve as a simple diagnostic of the microscopic origin of vorticity in electron fluids.
description: 17 pgs, 7 fgs
title: Dogmatism and Philosophy: Their Relation to Teacher Acceptance and Understanding of the New Social Studies
Creators: name: Anctil, Donald E.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1972

description: This research project was a study to determine the relationship of two characteristics--dogmatism and educational philosophy--to teachers' acceptance and understanding of the New Social Studies (NSS).
The sample consisted of 222 secondary social studies teachers from three counties in tho San Francisco Bay Area. Questionnaires were mailed to schools selected at random and were administered by an agent, in most cases, the department chairman, to all social studies teachers in the school, during a single administration period.
The questionnaire utilized four measurement scales. Trolldahl and Powell's Short Form Dogmatism Scale and Curran's Short Test of One's Educational Philosophy, published and used in previous studies, were employed. A two-part social studies test, designated the S Scale, was developed for this study. Part I, the Acceptance Scale, consisted of 16 statements constructed using a Likert-type scale to test teacher acceptance of the NSS. Part 2, the Understanding Scale, was designed to test teacher understanding of the rationales of the NSS. Respondents were asked to rate 18 statements about the social studies along a three position continuum from traditional to "new".
Results indicated that both degree of dogmatism and educational philosophy were significantly related (P
Neither sex, age, nor years of teaching experience were significantly related to a teacher's degree of dogmatism or educational philosophy, nor were those variables significantly related to acceptance or understanding of the NSS.
The only significant difference among undergraduate group mean scores on any of the tests was for the Dogmatism Scale, significant at the .05 level. The area in which respondents received the master's degree against those who had not was on the Dogmatism Scale, where the difference was significant at the .01 level.
Whether teachers had attended one or more social studies institutes or had never attended an institute had no significant relationship to their mean dogmatism or educational philosophy scores. Also, there were no significant differences on any of the tests between respondents who had applied for and those who had never applied for a summer social studies institute fellowship.
When grouped by membership in professional organizations, the respondents were not significantly different in their mean acceptance, understanding, dogmatism, or philosophy scores.
It was found that, for this sample, teachers's degree of dogmatism and educational philosophical orientation are significantly related to the extent to which they accept and/or understand the rationales and strategies of the New Social Studies.
Multi-Product Lactic Acid Bacteria Fermentations: A Review
Creators: name: Mora-Villalobos, José Aníbal
name: Montero-Zamora, Jéssica
name: Barboza, Natalia
name: Rojas-Garbanzo, Carolina
name: Usaga, Jessie
name: Redondo-Solano, Mauricio
name: Schroedter, Linda
name: Olszewska-Widdrat, Agata
name: López-Gómez, José Pablo
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI AG
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: LAB metabolites
subject: probiotics
subject: lactic acid
subject: lipoteichoic acid
subject: bacteriocins
subject: biomass
subject: 570

description: Industrial biotechnology is a continuously expanding field focused on the application of microorganisms to produce chemicals using renewable sources as substrates. Currently, an increasing interest in new versatile processes, able to utilize a variety of substrates to obtain diverse products, can be observed. A robust microbial strain is critical in the creation of such processes. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are used to produce a wide variety of chemicals with high commercial interest. Lactic acid (LA) is the most predominant industrial product obtained from LAB fermentations, and its production is forecasted to rise as the result of the increasing demand of polylactic acid. Hence, the creation of new ways to revalorize LA production processes is of high interest and could further enhance its economic value. Therefore, this review explores some co-products of LA fermentations, derived from LAB, with special focus on bacteriocins, lipoteichoic acid, and probiotics. Finally, a multi-product process involving LA and the other compounds of interest is proposed.
The phase spiral in Gaia DR3
Creators: name: Antoja, T.
name: Ramos, P.
name: García-Conde, B.
name: Bernet, M.
name: Laporte, C. F. P.
name: Katz, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We aim to study the phase spiral in the Milky Way (MW) with Gaia DR3. We used an edge detection algorithm to find the border of the phase spiral, allowing us to robustly quantify its shape at different positions and for different selections. We calculated the time of onset of the phase-mixing by determining the different turns of the phase spiral and using the vertical frequencies from commonly used MW potential models. We find that the phase spiral extends down to $-1.2$ kpc in height below the plane (about 3 to 5 scale heights of the thin disc) and beyond $\pm 50$ km/s in $V_Z$. We see a secondary branch mostly at positive vertical velocities when coloured by azimuthal velocity and in the counts projection. We also find complex variations of the phase spirals with angular momentum and azimuth. All these possibly provide evidence of multiple perturbations (from different times or from different perturbers) and/or of the complexity of the phase mixing process. We detect the phase spiral from 6 to 11 kpc from the Galactic centre and find signatures of vertical asymmetries 1-2 kpc beyond this range. We measure small but clear variations with azimuth. When we determine the phase mixing times from the phase spiral at different angular momenta and using the different spiral turns (at different $Z$) we obtain inconsistent times with systematic differences (times increasing with $|L_Z|$ and with $|Z|$). Our determinations are mostly in the range of [0.3-0.9] Gyr, with an average of 0.5 Gyr. The inconsistencies do not change when using different usual potential models, different stellar distances or frequencies for different kinetic temperatures. They could stem from the inconsistency of potential models with the true MW, and from too simple modelling, in particular neglecting self-gravity, not considering the multiple perturbations and the interference with other processes.
description: version after proofs corrections
Thematic Event 1: Breaking ground together. Solutions for urban and post-industrial soil de-sealing
Creators: name: MORELLO, EUGENIO
name: Franco, Anita
name: Montanarella, Luca
name: Broggini, Federico
name: Ferrè, Chiara
name: Cavallo, Dolinda
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The thematic event Breaking ground together: Solutions for urban and post-industrial soil de-sealing, organised by Politecnico di Milano, took place on 14 December 2023 at 10:00 CET. It explicitly addressed two objectives of the EU Mission: A Soil Deal for Europe: stop soil sealing and increase re-use of urban soils and improve soil structure to enhance biodiversity.

These events are conducted entirely online, featuring impactful introductions to specific topics by esteemed keynote speakers and real-world practitioners. Beyond informative sessions, the format is designed to stimulate interactive discussions, providing a platform for networking among European stakeholders addressing similar soil challenges. Our vision is to break down barriers and catalyze connections that transcend geographical boundaries. To further facilitate collaboration, NATI00NS will unveil matchmaking opportunities through our dedicated Matchmaking Platform during these events. This initiative aims to connect like-minded individuals, organisations, and experts, fostering partnerships that contribute to the collective mission of nurturing healthy soils across Europe.
title: The Necessity of Plastics Education and the Development of a Course Outline as it Pertains to Area Vocational Schools in the State of Utah
Creators: name: Potter, Denis Arthur
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1971

description: Purpose of the Study. The purpose of this study was to determine if there was a need in the plastics industries in the State of Utah for plastics education at the area vocational school level.
Source of the Data and Method of Study. A list of companies whose major function was plastics processing was obtained from the Directory of Utah Manufacturers. Additional companies were also identified if they were suspect of having any type of plastics processing function within their company. A questionnaire was sent to those companies identified to determine which companies were directly concerned with plastics education. Once these companies were identified, a second questionnaire was sent. This questionnaire was designed to provide knowledge of the functions performed by the plastics industry in the state, the level of skill and knowledge required of the workers performing these functions, and the opportunities available for persons trained in the field of plastics.
Findings and Conclusions. Twenty-nine industries were identified as companies being directly concerned with plastics education. Of this number, the majority were found to be in the Salt Lake area. Processes that are representative of the processes performed throughout the nation were found to be performed in the state and all of the major processes were performed. Most companies participating in the study expected growth within the next year and many had worker vaccines at the time of the study. Most companies indicated that personnel with training dealing with plastics could expect higher wages. Their greatest need was for skilled and semi-skilled workers.
It was concluded that the number of industries responding to the study represented a large enough need in terms of projected number of employees, types of processes used, and vacancies at present that a program of instruction could be justified at the area vocational level. Also, it was concluded that skills in areas other than those dominating the processing functions on a national level were of greater importance to the companies performing processing functions with plastics in the state of Utah than they are throughout the total industry.
Three-dimensional physics and the pressure of hot QCD
Creators: name: Hietanen, A.
name: Kajantie, K.
name: Laine, M.
name: Rummukainen, K.
name: Schroder, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We update Monte Carlo simulations of the three-dimensional SU(3) + adjoint Higgs theory, by extrapolating carefully to the infinite volume and continuum limits, in order to estimate the contribution of the infrared modes to the pressure of hot QCD. The sum of infrared contributions beyond the known 4-loop order turns out to be a smooth function, of a reasonable magnitude and specific sign. Unfortunately, adding this function to the known 4-loop terms does not improve the match to four-dimensional lattice data, in spite of the fact that other quantities, such as correlation lengths, spatial string tension, or quark number susceptibilities, work well within the same setup. We outline possible ways to reduce the mismatch.
description: 14 pages
Unique Device Identification Based Linkage of Hierarchically Accessible Data Domains in Prospective Hospital Data Ecosystems
Creators: name: Kozak, Karol
name: Seidel, André
name: Matvieieva, Nataliia
name: Neupetsch, Constanze
name: Teicher, Uwe
name: Lemme, Gordon
name: Achour, Anas Ben
name: Barth, Martin
name: Ihlenfeldt, Steffen
name: Drossel, Welf-Guntram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The electronic health record (EHR) targets the systematized collection of patient-specific electronically-stored health data. Currently the EHR is an evolving concept driven by ongoing technical developments and open or unclear legal issues concerning used medical technologies, data integration from other domains and unclear access roles. This paper addresses cross-domain data integration, data fusion and access control using the specific example of a Unique Device Identification (UDI) expanded hip implant. In fact, the integration of technical focus data into the hospital information system (HIS) is discussed and presented based on surgically relevant information. Moreover, the acquisition of social focus databased on mHealth is approached, which also covers data integration and networking with therapeutic intervention or acute diagnostics data. Data integration from heterogeneous domains is covered while using a data ecosystem with hierarchical access based on a shell embedded role model, which includes staggered access scenarios.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures
Chiral spin liquid state of strongly interacting bosons with a moat dispersion: a Monte Carlo simulation
Creators: name: Wei, Chenan
name: Sedrakyan, Tigran A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a system of strongly interacting bosons in two dimensions with moat band dispersion which supports an infinitely degenerate energy minimum along a closed contour in the Brillouin zone. The system has been theoretically predicted to stabilize a chiral spin liquid (CSL) ground state. In the thermodynamic limit and vanishing densities, $n\rightarrow 0$, chemical potential, $μ$, of the uniform CSL state was shown to scale with $n$ as $μ\sim n^2\log ^2n$. Here we perform a Monte Carlo simulation to find the parametric window for particle density, $n \lesssim \frac{k^2_0}{82 π}$, where $k_0$ is the linear size of the moat (the radius for a circular moat), for which the scaling $\sim n^2\log ^2n$ in the equation of state of the homogeneous CSL is preserved. We variationally show that the uniform CSL state is favorable in an interval beyond the obtained scale and present a schematic phase diagram for the system. Our results offer some density estimates for observing the low-density behavior of CSL in time-of-flight experiments with a recently Floquet-engineered moat band system of ultracold atoms in Phys. Rev. Lett. 128, 213401 (2022), and for the recent experiments on emergent excitonic topological order in imbalanced electron-hole bilayers.
description: 24 pages, 5 figures. Dedicated to the memory of Konstantin B. Efetov
Disordered Extra Dimensions
Creators: name: Benakli, Karim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A very large extra dimension may contain many localized branes. We discuss the possibility to formulate such models as a spin system where each spin indicates the supersymmetry direction preserved by the corresponding brane. In the evolution of the universe, the extra dimensions might have ended into a vacuum made of patches with different orientation of the spins, responsible for the observed breaking of supersymmetry. We discuss the limit where the separation of these patches is by very thin defects described as localization of gravitino masses.
description: 15 pages, no figure. Typos corrected. References added. Version accepted for publication.
ERUSHU-YORUBA ENDOGLOSSIC BILINGUALISM AND LANGUAGE ALTERNATION IN AKOKO, SOUTHWESTERN NIGERIA
Creators: name: DADA, SAMUEL AYODELE
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: ENDOGLOSSIA
BILINGUALISM

description: A Ph.D Thesis submitted to the Department of Linguistics and African Languages, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Small-x resummation in PDF fits and future prospects
Creators: name: Bonvini, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I review recent progress in the determination of PDFs with the inclusion of small-x resummation, and its impact in precision phenomenology, and discuss future prospects.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures. Presented at "Diffraction and Low-x 2022", Corigliano Calabro (Italy), September 24-30, 2022
title: Investigation of Urolithiasis Occurring In Hatchery-Reared Trout in Utah
Creators: name: Dean, Ernest H.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1971

description: The urolithiasis condition investigated occurred at a "hard water" hatchery in Utah after the trout were changed from a meat diet to a commercial pelleted fish feed as a sole sustaining diet in 1961. Numerous diet modifications proved unsuccessful in preventing urolithiasis at the hatchery. It was eventually determined that different commercial diets resulted in varied percentages of trout developing urolithiasis. The urolithic deposits found in the kidney tubules were amorphous and composed of calcium phosphate (apatite) and an organic matrix. Bacterial contamination of the kidneys was not an important factor in the formation of urolithiasis. Rainbow trout containing urolithic deposits showed gradual deposit regression when transferred into a "softer" water supply.
Pelleted experimental diets containing sodium bicarbonate and/or sodium fluoride were fed to two strains of rainbow trout reared in a "softer" water supply normally causing no urolithiasis problems. The diets with the sodium bicarbonate added resulted in a significant occurrence of urolithiasis when fed to trout for 30 days. The addition of sodium fluoride to the diet was not significant in producing urolithiasis in trout. One experimental diet (low sodium bicarbonate-sodium fluoride) and one strain of fish (Soap Lake) appeared to influence the number of trout developing urolithiasis although the increase was not significant. All levels of statistical significance were tested at the 5 percent level.
Thermodynamic approach to the dewetting instability in ultrathin films
Creators: name: Shirato, N.
name: Krishna, H.
name: Kalyanaraman, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fluid dynamics of the classical dewetting instability in ultrathin films is a non-linear process. However, the physical manifestation of the instability in terms of characteristic length and time scales can be described by a linearized form of the initial conditions of the films's dynamics. Alternately, the thermodynamic approach based on equating the rate of free energy decrease to the viscous dissipation [de Gennes, C. R. Acad. Paris.v298, 1984] can give similar information. Here we have evaluated dewetting in the presence of thermocapillary forces arising from a film-thickness (h) dependent temperature. Such a situation can be found during pulsed laser melting of ultrathin metal films where nanoscale effects lead to a local h-dependent temperature. The thermodynamic approach provides an analytical description of this thermocapillary dewetting. The results of this approach agree with those from linear theory and experimental observations provided the minimum value of viscous dissipation is equated to the rate of free energy decrease. The flow boundary condition that produces this minimum viscous dissipation is when the film-substrate tangential stress is zero. The physical implication of this finding is that the spontaneous dewetting instability follows the path of minimum rate of energy loss.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures. Under review
At the borderline between exclusive and inclusive physics: Study of Drell-Yan fragments in the PANDA experiment (A preliminary simulation)
Creators: name: Bianconi, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here a preliminary study is presented concerning the detection of the normally unseen Drell-Yan fragments, possible in the PANDA experiment. To work as a multi-purpose apparatus, this experiment will record all the particles produced in the collisions between the antiproton beam and the target, with a rather wide acceptance. So detecting Drell-Yan dileptons with or without analyzing the other fragments is just a matter of applying cutoffs in the data analysis stage. The distribution of the products of 50,000 typical Drell-Yan events is here simulateded using a well-known generator code (Pythia-8). The resulting distributions are inserted within the PANDA acceptance region, to analyze the chances of missing some searched fragment combinations, or of confusing different sets of particles. The most interesting result is that, due to the reduced phase space, the produced states are much simpler than one could imagine: (i) almost 50 % of the events just consist of a dilepton plus a nucleon-antinucleon pair; (ii) practically all events present a nucleon-antinucleon pair; (iii) the number of light particles (photons over an infrared cutoff and pions) is pretty small. The presented simulations show that it is possible to study experimentally some, or some aspects, of the most relevant final states, with good statistics and precision.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures
Oxygen-deficient oxide growth by subliming the oxide source material: The cause of silicide formation in rare earth oxides on silicon
Creators: name: Bierwagen, O.
name: Proessdorf, A.
name: Niehle, M.
name: Grosse, F.
name: Trampert, A.
name: Klingsporn, M.
Publisher: name: Washington, DC : ACS
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Interface instability
subject: Oxide thin film growth
subject: Oxygen deficiency
subject: Oxygen stoichiometry
subject: Rare earth oxide
subject: Rare-earth silicides
subject: Silicide formation
subject: Stoichiometric films
subject: Interfaces (materials)
subject: Molecular beam epitaxy
subject: Oxygen
subject: Phase transitions
subject: Rare earths
subject: Silicides
subject: Sublimation
subject: Vacuum
subject: Vapors
subject: Oxide films
subject: 540

description: The fundamental issue of oxygen stoichiometry in oxide thin film growth by subliming the source oxide is investigated by varying the additionally supplied oxygen during molecular beam epitaxy of RE2O3 (RE = Gd, La, Lu) thin films on Si(111). Supplying additional oxygen throughout the entire growth was found to prevent the formation of rare earth silicides observed in films grown without an oxygen source. Postgrowth vacuum annealing of oxygen stoichiometric films did not lead to silicide formation thereby confirming that the silicides do not form as a result of an interface instability at growth temperature in vacuum but rather due to an oxygen deficiency in the source vapor. The average oxygen deficiency of the rare-earth containing species in the source vapor was quantified by the 18O tracer technique and correlated with that of the source material, which gradually decomposed during sublimation. Therefore, any oxide growth by sublimation of the oxide source material requires additional oxygen to realize oxygen stoichiometric films.
Hospitalization Rates, Semiology and Outcomes of Brain Arteriovenous Malformations in an Adult Population in the United States
Creators: name: Zeenat Qureshi Stroke Institutes
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Background— Data regarding national estimates of brain arteriovenous malformation (BAVM) among adults inUnited States is not available.Objective— To characterize inpatient burden, expenditures, associated comorbidities, and treatments of BAVMamong adults (≥18 years) in United States.Methods— We identified demographic, clinical characteristics, hospitalization outcomes and costs of BAVMpatients in 2016 in United States using Nationwide Inpatient Sample. Outcome was categorized based on dischargedisposition into none to minimal and moderate to severe disability.Results— An estimated 7735 patients were admitted with the diagnosis of BAVM (mean age [SD] 52 years [18]);3920 (50.7%) were men) including Whites (n= 4605, 59.5%), African Americans (n=1120, 14.5%) and Hispanic(n=1060, 13.7%). Ruptured BAVM patients (n=1675, 21.6%) presented with intracerebral hemorrhage (n=1190,71%), subarachnoid hemorrhage (n=270, 16.1%), or both (n=215, 12.8%) and seizures (n=255, 15.2%). None tominimal disability and moderate to severe disability was seen in 5180 (67%) and 2345 (30.3%) of the patients,respectively. In hospital mortality was 2.6% (n=200). Average length of stay [SD] was 6.5 days [8.6] with mean hos-pitalization cost [SD] of $29,379.5 (35198.2). Age (odds ratio [OR] 1.04, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02-1.07;p<0.0001) and presence of intracerebral hemorrhage (OR 5.79 95% CI 2.85-11.77; p<0.0001) were independentlyassociated with in hospital mortality.Conclusions— We provide one of the first national estimates and associated outcomes of hospital admissions forBAVM among adults in United States. Although in hospital mortality was low, moderate to severe disability was seenin one third of the hospitalized patients.
Exponential corrected thermodynamics of Born-Infeld BTZ black holes in massive gravity
Creators: name: Pourhassan, B.
name: Dehghani, M.
name: Upadhyay, S.
name: Sakalli, I.
name: Singh, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is known that entropy of black hole gets correction at quantum level. Universally, these corrections are logarithmic and exponential in nature. We analyze the impacts of these quantum corrections on thermodynamics of Born-Infeld BTZ black hole in massive gravity by considering both such kinds of correction. We do comparative analysis of corrected thermodynamics with their equilibrium values. Here, we find that the exponential correction yields to the second point of the first order phase transition. Also, quantum correction effects significantly on the Helmholtz free energy of larger black holes. We study the equation of state for the exponential corrected black hole to obtain a leading order virial expansion.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures
Validation study for measuring absorption and reduced scattering coefficients by means of laser-induced backscattering imaging
Creators: name: Zude-Sasse, Manuela
name: Hashim, Norhashila
name: Hass, Roland
name: Polley, Nabarun
name: Regen, Christian
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Absorption
subject: European pear
subject: Fruit quality
subject: Phantoms
subject: Reduced scattering coefficient
subject: Scattering
subject: Spatially resolved spectroscopy
subject: 570
subject: 630

description: Decoupling of optical properties appears challenging, but vital to get better insight of the relationship between light and fruit attributes. In this study, nine solid phantoms capturing the ranges of absorption (μa) and reduced scattering (μs’) coefficients in fruit were analysed non-destructively using laser-induced backscattering imaging (LLBI) at 1060 nm. Data analysis of LLBI was carried out on the diffuse reflectance, attenuation profile obtained by means of Farrell's diffusion theory either calculating μa [cm−1] and μs’ [cm−1] in one fitting step or fitting only one optical variable and providing the other one from a destructive analysis. The nondestructive approach was approved when calculating one unknown coefficient non-destructively, while no ability of the method was found to analysis both, μa and μs’, non-destructively. Setting μs’ according to destructive photon density wave (PDW) spectroscopy and fitting μa resulted in root mean square error (rmse) of 18.7% in comparison to fitting μs’ resulting in rmse of 2.6%, pointing to decreased measuring uncertainty, when the highly variable μa was known. The approach was tested on European pear, utilizing destructive PDW spectroscopy for setting one variable, while LLBI was applied for calculating the remaining coefficient. Results indicated that the optical properties of pear obtained from PDW spectroscopy as well as LLBI changed concurrently in correspondence to water content mainly. A destructive batch-wise analysis of μs’ and online analysis of μa may be considered in future developments for improved fruit sorting results, when considering fruit with high variability of μs’. © 2019 The Authors
What is the fate of a black hole embedded in an expanding universe?
Creators: name: Faraoni, Valerio
name: Gao, Changjun
name: Chen, Xuelei
name: Shen, You-Gen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within a large class of exact solutions of the Einstein equations describing a black hole embedded in a Friedmann universe it is shown that, under certain assumptions, only those with comoving Hawking-Hayward quasi-local mass are generic, in the sense that they are late-time attractors.
description: 9 pages, LaTex, to appear in Phys. Lett. B
Adaptive smoothing of digital images: The R package adimpro
Creators: name: Polzehl, J.
name: Tabelow, K.
Publisher: name: Los Angeles, Calif. : UCLA, Dept. of Statistics
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Adaptive weights
subject: Image processing
subject: Local structure
subject: Propagation
subject: Separation
subject: Smoothing
subject: 510

description: Digital imaging has become omnipresent in the past years with a bulk of applications ranging from medical imaging to photography. When pushing the limits of resolution and sensitivity noise has ever been a major issue. However, commonly used non-adaptive filters can do noise reduction at the cost of a reduced effective spatial resolution only. Here we present a new package adimpro for R, which implements the propagationseparation approach by (Polzehl arid Spokoiriy 2006) for smoothing digital images. This method naturally adapts to different structures of different size in the image and thus avoids oversmoothing edges and fine structures. We extend the method for imaging data with spatial correlation. Furthermore we show how the estimation of the dependence between variance and mean value can be included. We illustrate the use of the package through some examples.
title: A Study of Ultrastructural Changes in Tolerant and Susceptible Lines of Alfalfa Induced by Stem Nematode (Ditylenchus dipsaci Kühn)
Creators: name: Chang, Dorris C.N.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1971

description: Fine structural analyses of host tissue (alfalfa, Medicago sativa L.) response to infection by the stem nematode (Ditylenchus dipsaci Kühn) were conducted. Hypocotyl regions were taken on 1,3 and 7 days after inoculation.
Electron micrographs of infected tissue indicated the types of damage were the same between Lahontan (tolerant line) and Ranger (susceptible line). Only the infection rate (in percent) and degree of damage were different between lines and among the different temperatures (15, 20 and 25 C). The higher the temperature, the more injury resulted. After 3 to 7 days of infection, the symptoms observed were swelling and broken endoplasmic reticulum (ER), distended and broken chloroplasts, loss of nuclear material and bulging and rupturing of nuclear envelopes. Heavily infected cell walls showed more osmiophilic substances on one side. Infected cytoplasm contained more ER (both rough and smoothER), ribosomes, vesicles and Golgi apparatus, suggesting increased metabolic activities.
Lobing nuclei were observed in all treatments. Lipid content varied with temperature in one-day-old seedlings. At 15 and 25 C, electron dense substances were commonly found along the tonplast, intercellular spaces and on the cell wall. Also some enlarged ER were noted in the non-infected controls at these temperatures.
From the fine structural studies of host tissue it is not possible at this time to determine the nature of resistance of alfalfa lines to nematode infection. More studies at both the biochemical and electron microscopical levels are needed. Further, studies on the activities of the nematodes at the various temperatures during the infection periods would be primarily important.
A marginal modelling approach for predicting wildfire extremes across the contiguous United States
Creators: name: D'Arcy, Eleanor
name: Murphy-Barltrop, Callum John Rowlandson
name: Shooter, Rob
name: Simpson, Emma Siobhan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper details a methodology proposed for the EVA 2021 conference data challenge. The aim of this challenge was to predict the number and size of wildfires over the contiguous US between 1993 and 2015, with more importance placed on extreme events. In the data set provided, over 14\% of both wildfire count and burnt area observations are missing; the objective of the data challenge was to estimate a range of marginal probabilities from the distribution functions of these missing observations. To enable this prediction, we make the assumption that the marginal distribution of a missing observation can be informed using non-missing data from neighbouring locations. In our method, we select spatial neighbourhoods for each missing observation and fit marginal models to non-missing observations in these regions. For the wildfire counts, we assume the compiled data sets follow a zero-inflated negative binomial distribution, while for burnt area values, we model the bulk and tail of each compiled data set using non-parametric and parametric techniques, respectively. Cross validation is used to select tuning parameters, and the resulting predictions are shown to significantly outperform the benchmark method proposed in the challenge outline. We conclude with a discussion of our modelling framework, and evaluate ways in which it could be extended.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures
title: Identifying Differences Among Male Sex Offenders: Child Molesters Versus Exhibitionists Versus Voyeurs
Creators: name: DeFrancesco, David P.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1992

description: Social histories and testing data were compiled during initial placement assessments of 147 individuals arrested and charged as child molesters, exhibitionists, and voyeurs. These data were statistically analyzed using discriminant analysis and analysis of variance (ANOVA). Child molesters, exhibitionists, and voyeurs were found to differ with regards to history of voyeurism; Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) L scale scores; sexual arousal in response to a violent scenario involving a 12-year-old male, measured via penile plethysmography; and age. Implications of these results are discussed relative to the population sampled and future research.
title: An Analysis of the Competitive Position of Cattle Finishing in Utah and Selected Western States, 1969
Creators: name: Olsen, Stephen L.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1970

description: Utah's cattle feeding industry was described by using both secondary and primary data. The primary data were collected through use of a personal interview survey.
Primary data were also collected in Idaho, while secondary data were used for Arizona, California and Colorado.
Intrastate analysis of feeding costs showed definite cost savings were achieved in all states through economies of size.
Interstate analysis of feeding costs showed Utah's larger capacity feedlots to be very competitive with larger capacity lots in other states.
1968 prices for both slaughter and feeder cattle were computed for each state. Prices in Utah were slightly lower for both slaughter and feeder cattle than other states.
A comparison of net return per unit fed in large feedlots indicated Utah's larger feedlots were competitive with feedlots in other states.
title: Hydrologic Effects of Contour Trenching on Some Aspects of Streamflow from a Pair of Watersheds in Utah
Creators: name: Doty, Robert Dean
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1970

description: Streamflow from two drainages of the Davis County Experimental Watershed, Utah, was evaluated with respect to changes in distribution and volume following trenching of one of the drainages in 1964. Fifteen percent of the Halfway Creek drainage was trenched according to established U.S. Forest Service methods. Twelve years of records before trenching and four years of records after trenching were analyzed.
Analysis of the annual streamflow, the low streamflow period, and the spring streamflow period indicated no significant change in either volume or distribution of streamflow as a result of trenching. This conclusion was further substantiated by supplemental data of precipitation, soil moisture, snowpack water equivalent, and vegetation.
XML Technologies in Computer Assisted Learning and Testing Systems
Creators: name: Cojocariu, Adrian
name: Stanciu, Cristina Ofelia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The learning and assessment activities have undergone major changes due to the development of modern technologies. The computer-assisted learning and testing has proven a number of advantages in the development of modern educational system. The paper suggests a solution for the computer-assisted testing, which uses XML technologies, a solution that could make the basis for developing a learning computer-assisted system.
description: 6 pages, exposed on 5th International Conference "Actualities and Perspectives on Hardware and Software" - APHS2009, Timisoara, Romania
title: An Economic Analysis of Range Improvements on Saddle Creek Allotment and Curlew National Grasslands--With Special Consideration on the Effects of Improvements on Wildlife Management
Creators: name: Meyers, Jerry Russell
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1970

description: Range improvements for livestock were analyzed for the Curlew National Grassland and Saddle Creek Allotment. Increases in aum's which were a result of range improvements were calculated and valued at $4.00 each. Internal rates of return for both study areas were computed with a 15-year project life span for estimated grazing capacity and permitted grazing. Rate of return was then set at 10 percent to calculate project life span for both permitted grazing and estimated grazing capacity for the two areas.
Effects of range improvements for livestock on wildlife habitat were studied. Due to a lack of quantitative data, values could not be placed upon benefits and detriments which improvements for livestock had on wildlife. Positive and negative effects which range improvements for livestock had on wildlife are given for both study areas.
An alternative grazing policy is suggested for both study areas. Internal rates of return for permitted grazing are calculated for a 15-year project life span. Internal rate of return was then set at 10 percent to calculate project life span necessary to provide that rate of return.
Two-photon exchange corrections to the pion form factor
Creators: name: Blunden, P. G.
name: Melnitchouk, W.
name: Tjon, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute two-photon exchange corrections to the electromagnetic form factor of the pion, taking into account the finite size of the pion. Compared to the soft-photon approximation for the infrared divergent contribution which neglects hadron structure effects, the corrections are found to be < 1% for small Q^2 (Q^2 < 0.1 GeV^2), but increase to several percent for Q^2 > 1 GeV^2 at extreme backward angles.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, version to appear in Phys. Rev. C