cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Poverty Reduction during the Rural-Urban Transformation - The Role of the Missing Middle
Creators: name: Christiaensen, Luc J.M.
name: Todo, Yasuyuki
name: Christiaensen, Luc J.M.
name: Todo, Yasuyuki
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: International Development
subject: Poverty
subject: rural-urban transformation
subject: rural non-farm economy

description: As countries develop, they undergo a structural transformation from agriculture to manufacturing and services as well as a spatial transformation from rural to urban. Historically, this process has been far from uniform across countries, with some fostering rural diversification out of agriculture and others undergoing rapid agglomeration in mega cities. This paper examines whether the nature of these transformations (rural diversification versus agglomeration in mega-cities) affects the rate of poverty reduction. Using cross-country panel data for developing countries spanning 1980-2004, it is found that migration out of agriculture into the missing middle (rural nonfarm economy and secondary towns ) is strongly associated with poverty reduction, while expansion of mega-cities is not. Migration to the missing middle leads to more inclusive growth patterns, while agglomeration in mega cities widens income inequality, even though it also generates faster economic growth, as predicted by the new economic geography. These findings bear on the longstanding debate about the appropriate balance of public investment in both portable (education, health) and non-portable (infrastructure) public goods across space.
A study of precipitation in the aluminum alloy AA6111
Creators: name: Raeisinia, Babak
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In recent years there has been a renewal of interest in fundamental studies on 6000 series aluminum alloys due to new applications in the automotive and aerospace industries. The work of this thesis focuses on two new approaches to investigating the behaviour of the Al-Mg-Si-Cu alloy, AA6111. First, the temporal evolution of electrical resistivity was measured over a wide range of annealing temperatures (i.e. 200°C to 560°C). From the resistivity data, an approach has been established for extracting the fundamental thermodynamic properties of Q precipitate and, in addition, an estimate of the effect of precipitate spacing on resistivity for a wide range of conditions was developed. Both of these results represent an original approach to relating electrical resistivity measurements to the state of precipitation in the alloy. The second subject of investigation involved applying thermal spikes (of duration 30 to 300 s) in the temperature range of 220-250°C on material either immediately after the solution treatment or following a period of natural aging. It was found that a 60-second spike at 220°C applied to the alloy immediately after solution treatment can inhibit the deterioration of the paint bake response due to natural aging. In general, it was observed that utilizing the thermal spikes immediately after solution treatment provides a better paint bake response than applying the spike after the natural aging period. Finally, the precipitation hardening model of Esmaeili et al. was extended to examine the temperature-time histories of the thermal spikes. In general, it was found that there was good agreement between the model predictions and the experimental results except for the shortest thermal spike experiments.
Magnetic properties of a disordered Heisenberg binary spin system with long-range exchange
Creators: name: Tang, G. X.
name: Nolting, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The influence of substitutional disorder on the magnetic properties of disordered Heisenberg binary spin systems with long-range exchange integrals is studied. The equation of motion for the magnon Green's function which is decoupled by the Tyablikov approximation is solved in the Blackman-Esterling-Berk(BEB) coherent potential approximation(CPA) framework, where the environmental disorder term is treated by virtual crystal approximation. The long-range exchange integrals include a power-law decaying and an oscillating Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida(RKKY) exchange interaction. The resulting spectral density, which is calculated by CPA self-consistent equation, is then used to estimate the magnetization and Curie temperature. The results show, in the case of the three-dimensional simple cubic systems, a strong influence of ferromagnetic long-range exchange integrals on the magnetization and Curie temperature of the systems, which is obviously different from the calculation of short-range interaction.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, to be accepted by PRB
Aprostocetus orithyia
Creators: name: Lotfalizadeh, Hossein
name: Karimpour, Younes
name: Delvare, Gérard
name: Rasplus, Jean-Yves
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Eulophidae
Aprostocetus
Aprostocetus orithyia

description: Aprostocetus orithyia (Walker, 1839)
Fig. 6  Material examined
 IRAN – West-Azarbaijan Province • 14 ♀♀, 5 ♂♂; Urmia, Kelïsä Kandï, 37º29′ N, 45º01′ E; 1600 m a.s.l.; Apr. 2017; Y. Karimpour leg.; ex Phragmites australis; HMIM • 11 ♀♀, 3 ♂♂; Urmia, Häshtïan, 37º47′ N, 44º39′ E; 1680 m a.s.l.; Apr. 2017; Y. Karimpour leg.; ex Phragmites australis; HMIM • 8 ♀♀, 5 ♂♂; Urmia, Hesar-e Türkmän; 37º26′ N, 45º13′ E; 1293 m a.s.l.; Apr.–May 2017; Y. Karimpour leg.; ex Phragmites australis; HMIM.   Remarks
 Aprostocetus orithyia is only known from Europe, develops on fly larvae (Cecidomyiidae and Chloropidae) and this sampling represents a new record for Iran. Aprostocetus orithyia belongs to the lycidas species group (Graham 1987). On P. australis, the species could be a parasitoid of the aforementioned dipterous families.
Main morphological characters: body generally metallic with yellowish tibiae and tarsi (Fig. 6A), antenna with scape as long as the eye, reaching above the level of vertex; funicle very long and slender, 3-segmented, F1–F2 3.05 ×, F3 about 2.6× as long as broad (Fig. 6B); clava with a relatively shorter and less conspicuous, straight terminal spine. Mid lobe of mesoscutum strongly reticulate (Fig. 6F), areoles of reticulation about 3–4× as long as broad, with a median line, and a single row of adnotaular setae on each side. Fore wing apically ciliate, submarginal vein with 2 dorsal setae, speculum absent. Spur of mid tibia longer than half the length of the basitarsus and distinctly longer than the width of the tibia. Metasoma as long as head plus thorax (Fig. 6A).
description: Published as part of Lotfalizadeh, Hossein, Karimpour, Younes, Delvare, Gérard & Rasplus, Jean-Yves, 2020, Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera) obtained from common reed, Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. (Poaceae) in Iran with new records and descriptions of two new species, pp. 1-35 in European Journal of Taxonomy 710 on page 10, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.710, http://zenodo.org/record/4011124
Additional file 1 of Association of TILs with clinical parameters, Recurrence Score® results, and prognosis in patients with early HER2-negative breast cancer (BC)—a translational analysis of the prospective WSG PlanB trial
Creators: name: Kolberg-Liedtke, Cornelia
name: Gluz, Oleg
name: Heinisch, Fred
name: Feuerhake, Friedrich
name: Kreipe, Hans
name: Clemens, Michael
name: Nuding, Benno
name: Malter, Wolfram
name: Reimer, Toralf
name: Wuerstlein, Rachel
name: Graeser, Monika
name: Shak, Steve
name: Nitz, Ulrike
name: Kates, Ronald
name: Christgen, Matthias
name: Harbeck, Nadia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Design of the PlanB trial. Footnote: endocrine therapy and radiotherapy were applied according to national guidelines; E: Epirubicin; Doc: Docetaxel; C: Cyclophosphamid.
title: Autorité et normes d’autorité en littérature
Creators: name: Haquette, Jean-Louis
name: Meise, Helga
Publisher: name: Savoirs en prisme
Year: 2020

description: Auteur et autorité ont la même racine latine mais l’association des deux termes n’a pas toujours été évidente en matière de littérature ; les articles ici réunis explorent certaines configurations de ces rapports, à des époques différentes. On proposera, en guise d’entrée en matière, quelques réflexions générales sur ces questions aussi complexes que capitales dans la compréhension du phénomène littéraire. Elles ont été suscitées par la lecture des contributions qui suivent.
description: Savoirs en prisme, No. 03 (2014): La vie des normes
Distributed peer review enhanced with natural language processing and machine learning
Creators: name: Kerzendorf, Wolfgang E.
name: Patat, Ferdinando
name: Bordelon, Dominic
name: van de Ven, Glenn
name: Pritchard, Tyler A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While ancient scientists often had patrons to fund their work, peer review of proposals for the allocation of resources is a foundation of modern science. A very common method is that proposals are evaluated by a small panel of experts (due to logistics and funding limitations) nominated by the grant-giving institutions. The expert panel process introduces several issues - most notably: 1) biases introduced in the selection of the panel. 2) experts have to read a very large number of proposals. Distributed Peer Review promises to alleviate several of the described problems by distributing the task of reviewing among the proposers. Each proposer is given a limited number of proposals to review and rank. We present the result of an experiment running a machine-learning enhanced distributed peer review process for allocation of telescope time at the European Southern Observatory. In this work, we show that the distributed peer review is statistically the same as a `traditional' panel, that our machine learning algorithm can predict expertise of reviewers with a high success rate, and we find that seniority and reviewer expertise have an influence on review quality. The general experience has been overwhelmingly praised from the participating community (using an anonymous feedback mechanism).
description: 20 pages including supplementary information. Constructive criticism more than welcome. Accepted and published in Nature Astronomy
Innovative Quantitative Analysis for Disease Progression Assessment in Familial Cerebral Cavernous Malformations
Creators: name: Zong, Ruige
name: Wang, Tao
name: Li, Chunwang
name: Zhang, Xinlin
name: Chen, Yuanbin
name: Zhao, Longxuan
name: Li, Qixuan
name: Gao, Qinquan
name: Kang, Dezhi
name: Lin, Fuxin
name: Tong, Tong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Familial cerebral cavernous malformation (FCCM) is a hereditary disorder characterized by abnormal vascular structures within the central nervous system. The FCCM lesions are often numerous and intricate, making quantitative analysis of the lesions a labor-intensive task. Consequently, clinicians face challenges in quantitatively assessing the severity of lesions and determining whether lesions have progressed. To alleviate this problem, we propose a quantitative statistical framework for FCCM, comprising an efficient annotation module, an FCCM lesion segmentation module, and an FCCM lesion quantitative statistics module. Our framework demonstrates precise segmentation of the FCCM lesion based on efficient data annotation, achieving a Dice coefficient of 93.22\%. More importantly, we focus on quantitative statistics of lesions, which is combined with image registration to realize the quantitative comparison of lesions between different examinations of patients, and a visualization framework has been established for doctors to comprehensively compare and analyze lesions. The experimental results have demonstrated that our proposed framework not only obtains objective, accurate, and comprehensive quantitative statistical information, which provides a quantitative assessment method for disease progression and drug efficacy study, but also considerably reduces the manual measurement and statistical workload of lesions, assisting clinical decision-making for FCCM and accelerating progress in FCCM clinical research. This highlights the potential of practical application of the framework in FCCM clinical research and clinical decision-making. The codes are available at https://github.com/6zrg/Quantitative-Statistics-of-FCCM.
Phenomenological consequences of an interacting multicomponent dark sector
Creators: name: Acuña, Jan Tristram
name: Fabbrichesi, Marco
name: Ullio, Piero
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a dark sector model containing stable fermions charged under an unbroken $U(1)$ gauge interaction, with a massless dark photon as force carrier, and interacting with ordinary matter via scalar messengers. We study its early Universe evolution by solving a set of coupled Boltzmann equations that track the number density of the different species, as well as entropy and energy exchanges between the dark and visible sectors. Phenomenologically viable realizations include: i) a heavy (order 1 TeV or more) lepton-like dark fermion playing the role of the dark matter candidate, with various production mechanisms active depending on the strength of the dark-visible sector portal; ii) light (few GeV to few tens of GeV) quark-like dark fermions, stable but with suppressed relic densities; iii) an extra radiation component in Universe due to dark photons, with temperature constrained by cosmic microwave background data, and in turn preventing dark fermions to be lighter than about 1 GeV. Extra constraints on our scenario stem from dark matter direct detection searches: the elastic scattering on nuclei is driven by dipole or charge radius interactions mediated by either Standard Model or dark photons, providing long-range effects which, however, are not always dominant, as usually assumed in this context. Projected sensitivities for next-generation detectors cover a significant portion of the viable parameter space and are competitive with respect to the model-dependent constraints derived from the magnetic dipole moments of leptons and cooling of stellar systems.
description: 35 pages, 13 figures, 3 tables
Field-theoretical renormalization group for a flat two-dimensional Fermi surface
Creators: name: Freire, H.
name: Correa, E.
name: Ferraz, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We implement an explicit two-loop calculation of the coupling functions and the self-energy of interacting fermions with a two-dimensional flat Fermi surface in the framework of the field theoretical renormalization group (RG) approach. Throughout the calculation both the Fermi surface and the Fermi velocity are assumed to be fixed and unaffected by interactions. We show that in two dimensions, in a weak coupling regime, there is no significant change in the RG flow compared to the well-known one-loop results available in the literature. However, if we extrapolate the flow to a moderate coupling regime there are interesting new features associated with an anisotropic suppression of the quasiparticle weight Z along the Fermi surface, and the vanishing of the renormalized coupling functions for several choices of the external momenta.
description: 16 pages and 22 figures
Additional file 2 of Congenital heart disease diagnosed with echocardiogram in newborns with asymptomatic cardiac murmurs: a systematic review
Creators: name: Yoon, Shin Ae
name: Hong, Woi Hyun
name: Cho, Hwa Jin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Excluded studies with reasons for exclusion.
Foreword
Creators: name: Dissanayake, Ellen
name: Desideri, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: Aisthesis. Pratiche, linguaggi e saperi dell’estetico
Year: 2015

description: What “sort” of mind is required in order to be able to engage in aesthetic experiences? What are the marks of the aesthetic mind and which features distinguish aesthetic mental states? As humans, we are able not only to produce cognitions, feel emotions, use symbols, but also to engage in aesthetic and artistic experiences. How did our aesthetic mind arise over the course of evolution? Is it a by-product, or a side effect, of the development of our symbolic-linguistic competences or, on the contrary, is precisely our aesthetic ability that allows the development (both in a phylogenetic and in an ontogenetic sense) of human language and symbolic thought? What is the relationship between the emergence of human modern mind and the origin of art? These are some of the challenging issues addressed during the International Conference The Aesthetic Mind and Origin of Art, held at the University of Florence, Department of Education, from January, 23rd to January 25th 2014. The essays collected in the present issue of «Aisthesis. Pratiche, linguaggi e saperi dell’estetico» mostly stem from talks originally delivered at the conference by leading researchers and international scholars across a wide range of disciplines.
description: Aisthesis. Pratiche, linguaggi e saperi dell’estetico, Vol. 8 No. 1 (2015): The Aesthetic Mind and the Origin of Art
Constraining the cross-section of dark matter with giant radial arcs in galaxy clusters
Creators: name: Vega-Ferrero, J.
name: Dana, J. M.
name: Diego, J. M.
name: Yepes, G.
name: Cui, W.
name: Meneghetti, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare the statistics and morphology of giant arcs in galaxy clusters using N-body and non-radiative SPH simulations within the standard cold dark matter model and simulations where dark matter has a non-negligible probability of interaction (parametrized by its cross-section), i.e self-interacting dark matter (SIDM). We use a ray-tracing technique to produce a statistically large number of arcs around six simulated galaxy clusters at different redshifts. Since dark matter is more likely to interact in colliding clusters than in relaxed clusters, and this probability of interaction is largest in denser regions, we focus our analysis on radial arcs (which trace the lensing potential in the central region better than tangential arcs) in galaxy clusters which underwent (or are undergoing) a major merger. We find that self-interacting dark matter produces fewer radial arcs than standard cold dark matter but they are on average more magnified. We also appreciate differences in the arc morphology that could be used to statistically favor one model versus the other.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures and 2 tables
Deep roots in culture, shallow roots in nature: Identifying sustainable bamboo management challenges for China and the implications for multidisciplinary research
Creators: name: Buckingham, Kathleen
name: Buckingham, Kathleen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: International Development
subject: bamboo management
subject: certification
subject: market mechanisms
subject: clientelism
subject: conservation
subject: standardisation

description: The Chinese government is moving towards market mechanisms to promote environmental sustainability. The Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) is a globally recognised label gaining ground within Non Timber Forest Product markets (NTFP). Standardization and replicability have become essential in order to make the local manageable. The FSC has been described as a ‘boundary object’, creating new governance networks outside the authority of government, creating or adapting verification practices to ‘join together heterogeneous resources.’ The bamboo sector is one of the fastest growing forest land uses in China. Intensification of management has led to biodiversity loss, erosion and depletion of soil nutrients. Bamboo is rooted deeply in Chinese culture, through the language, culture, civilisation, science and daily life. Bamboo is a grass with shallow root systems, physiologically relying on mixed forestry on sloping land to access water resources and maintain the soil. This research identifies the move towards certification for bamboo globally, but highlights the lack of culturally embedded enabling environments for the protection of bamboo, a potential key substitute for timber, cotton, construction material and edible product. Two key areas of enquiry arise from the sketch of bamboo management and the operative framework in China: firstly, the predominance of neoliberal market norms and secondly the need for a cross-cultural pluralistic approach to conservation involving considering the implications of categorisation. Although globalisation already affects many bamboo farmers in China, the coupling of nature into mainstream markets through certification or carbon trading could have resonance. Agricultural economists should critically assess the coupling of nature and the economy within the current climate and consider the different ‘capitalist’ models emerging and the implications for valuing systems. China has two striking examples of divergence from Northern ideologies: clientelism and environmental politics. The importance of conservation actors, in terms of their perceived or implicit power and the adaptability of ‘blue print’ approaches within the cultural framework in which they are framed are key areas for further research.
Eupelmus phragmitis Erdos 1955
Creators: name: Lotfalizadeh, Hossein
name: Karimpour, Younes
name: Delvare, Gérard
name: Rasplus, Jean-Yves
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Eupelmidae
Eupelmus
Eupelmus phragmitis

description: Eupelmus phragmitis Erdös, 1955
Fig. 7  Material examined
 IRAN • 1 ♀; West-Azarbaijan Province, Urmia, Täzehkand-e Qäterchï; 37º39′ N, 44º58′ E; 1335 m a.s.l.; Apr. 2017; Y. Karimpour leg.; ex Phragmites australis; HMIM.   Remarks
 Eupelmus phragmitis is distributed in the Czech Republic, Greece, Hungary, Israel, Romania, Ukraine and South Korea, and is a parasitoid of Tetramesa phragmitis (Hym.: Eurytomidae) (Gibson & Fusu 2016). The species may be associated with the same host on P. australis in Iran.
 This species belongs to the stramineipes species group (Gibson & Fusu 2016). All the features of the sampled specimen well match those reported by Gibson & Fusu (2016), in the couplet 18. It shares the following combination of characters: scrobal depression obviously more deeply reticulate than frontovertex; antennal scape entirely dark, clava lighter than funicle, anellus slightly longer than wide, similarly dark as rest of funicle; fore wing hyaline, infuscate below marginal and stigma veins, dorsally with basal cell and disc uniformly setose except for linea calva, with complete marginal fringe, marginal vein much longer relative to stigma vein; legs sometimes with all femora similarly yellow; ovipositor sheath pale, apparent length of ovipositor sheath distinctly shorter than metatibia. However, it has the following variations: body metallic green (Fig. 7 A–B) with obviously golden reflections and reddish- violet reflections on the scrobal depression, tegula brownish-yellow, legs more extensively pale, slightly darker femur and tibiae medially; F1 less transverse, clava slightly lighter than the rest of antenna (Fig. 7C).
description: Published as part of Lotfalizadeh, Hossein, Karimpour, Younes, Delvare, Gérard & Rasplus, Jean-Yves, 2020, Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera) obtained from common reed, Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. (Poaceae) in Iran with new records and descriptions of two new species, pp. 1-35 in European Journal of Taxonomy 710 on pages 10-12, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.710, http://zenodo.org/record/4011124
Rényi Entropy Singularities as Signatures of Topological Criticality in Coupled Photon-Fermion Systems
Creators: name: Méndez-Córdoba, F. P. M.
name: Mendoza-Arenas, J. J.
name: Gómez-Ruiz, F. J.
name: Rodríguez, F. J.
name: Tejedor, C.
name: Quiroga, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the topological phase transition for a Kitaev chain embedded in a cavity can be identified by measuring experimentally accessible photon observables such as the Fano factor and the cavity quadrature amplitudes. Moreover, based on density matrix renormalization group numerical calculations, endorsed by an analytical Gaussian approximation for the cavity state, we propose a direct link between those observables and quantum entropy singularities. We study two bipartite entanglement measures, the von Neumann and Rényi entanglement entropies, between light and matter subsystems. Even though both display singularities at the topological phase transition points, remarkably only the Rényi entropy can be analytically connected to the measurable Fano factor. Consequently, we show a method to recover the bipartite entanglement of the system from a cavity observable. Thus, we put forward a path to experimentally access the control and detection of a topological quantum phase transition via the Rényi entropy, which can be measured by standard low noise linear amplification techniques in superconducting circuits. In this way, the main quantum information features of Majorana polaritons in photon-fermion systems can be addressed in feasible experimental setups.
description: Main text: 13 pages, 9 figures. Published in Phys. Rev. Research as an Editors' Suggestion
The Hamilton-Jacobi Approach to Teleparallelism
Creators: name: Pimentel, B. M.
name: Pompeia, P. J.
name: da Rocha-Neto, J. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We intend to analyse the constraint structure of Teleparallelism employing the Hamilton-Jacobi formalism for singular systems. This study is conducted without using an ADM 3+1 decomposition and without fixing time gauge condition. It can be verified that the field equations constitute an integrable system.
description: 12 pages, no figure
Analysis of poverty and its covariates among smallholder farmers in the eastern Hararghe highlands of Ethiopia
Creators: name: Bogale, Ayalneh
name: Korf, Benedikt
name: Bogale, Ayalneh
name: Korf, Benedikt
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: rural poverty
subject: ordered probit
subject: institutional factors
subject: eastern Hararghe
subject: Ethiopia

description: This paper analyses the extent and determinants of rural household poverty in the eastern highlands of Ethiopia. We study 216 households using a household consumption expenditure approach. We are particularly interested in the effects of location-specific and institutional factors (networks) in determining the probability of being poor. Our findings suggest that poverty is location-specific, depends on access to irrigated land (not land per se) and access to non-farm income. Results also indicate that household wellbeing is negatively affected by household size, and positively affected by age of household head. Involvement in governance, social and production related networks is also found to be strongly associated with the probability of a household be poor.
Aligning Large Language Models for Enhancing Psychiatric Interviews Through Symptom Delineation and Summarization: Pilot Study
Creators: name: So, Jae-hee
name: Chang, Joonhwan
name: Kim, Eunji
name: Na, Junho
name: Choi, JiYeon
name: Sohn, Jy-yong
name: Kim, Byung-Hoon
name: Chu, Sang Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Background: Advancements in large language models (LLMs) have opened new possibilities in psychiatric interviews, an underexplored area where LLMs could be valuable. This study focuses on enhancing psychiatric interviews by analyzing counseling data from North Korean defectors who have experienced trauma and mental health issues.
 Objective: The study investigates whether LLMs can (1) identify parts of conversations that suggest psychiatric symptoms and recognize those symptoms, and (2) summarize stressors and symptoms based on interview transcripts.
 Methods: LLMs are tasked with (1) extracting stressors from transcripts, (2) identifying symptoms and their corresponding sections, and (3) generating interview summaries using the extracted data. The transcripts were labeled by mental health experts for training and evaluation.
 Results: In the zero-shot inference setting using GPT-4 Turbo, 73 out of 102 segments demonstrated a recall mid-token distance d < 20 in identifying symptom-related sections. For recognizing specific symptoms, fine-tuning outperformed zero-shot inference, achieving an accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score of 0.82. For the generative summarization task, LLMs using symptom and stressor information scored highly on G-Eval metrics: coherence (4.66), consistency (4.73), fluency (2.16), and relevance (4.67). Retrieval-augmented generation showed no notable performance improvement.
 Conclusions: LLMs, with fine-tuning or appropriate prompting, demonstrated strong accuracy (over 0.8) for symptom delineation and achieved high coherence (4.6+) in summarization. This study highlights their potential to assist mental health practitioners in analyzing psychiatric interviews.
Sampling Electronic Fock States using Determinant Quantum Monte Carlo
Creators: name: Ding, Shuhan
name: Li, Shaozhi
name: Wang, Yao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analog quantum simulation based on ultracold atoms in optical lattices has catalyzed significant breakthroughs in the study of quantum many-body systems. These simulations rely on the statistical sampling of electronic Fock states, which are not easily accessible in classical algorithms. In this work, we modify the determinant quantum Monte Carlo by integrating a Fock-state update mechanism alongside the auxiliary field. This method enables efficient sampling of Fock-state configurations. The Fock-state restrictive sampling scheme further enables the pre-selection of multiple ensembles at no additional computational cost, thereby broadening the scope of simulation to more general systems and models. Employing this method, we analyze static correlations of the Hubbard model up to the fourth order and achieve quantitative agreement with cold-atom experiments. The simulations of dynamical spectroscopies of the Hubbard and Kondo-lattice models further demonstrate the reliability and advantage of this method.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Note & Recensioni
Creators: name: AAVV, AAVV
Publisher: name: Aisthesis. Pratiche, linguaggi e saperi dell’estetico
Year: 2014

description: Volumi Vito Campanelli, Web Aesthetics. How Digital Media Affect Culture and Society; Id., Remix It Yourself. Analisi socio-estetica delle forme comunicative del Web [Emanuele Crescimanno] • Jean-François Bordron, Image et vérité. Essais sur les dimensions iconiques de la connaissance [Veronica Estay Stange] • Stéphane Dumas, Les peaux créatrices – Esthétique de la sécrétion [Marc-Vincent Howlett] Note Quidam veritatis effectus. A proposito di A Plea for Balance in Philosophy. Essays in honour of Paolo Parrini [Fabrizio Desideri] • A Single Face to Capture the Whole World: Literary Shapes and Shadows. An Interview With Tolm Coibin [Fabrizia Abbate] •Convegno Le sensible a l’oeuvre: savoirs du corps entre esthetique et neurosciences, Parigi, 15 Maggio 2014 [Jessica Murano]
description: Aisthesis. Pratiche, linguaggi e saperi dell’estetico, Vol. 7 No. 2 (2014): Formare per metafore. Arte, scienza, natura
Additional file 1 of Congenital heart disease diagnosed with echocardiogram in newborns with asymptomatic cardiac murmurs: a systematic review
Creators: name: Yoon, Shin Ae
name: Hong, Woi Hyun
name: Cho, Hwa Jin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Detailed search strategy and returned number of articles.
Is Micro-Finance Achieving Its Goal Among Smallholder Farmers in Africa? Empirical Evidence from Kenya Using Propensity Score Matching
Creators: name: Owuor, George
name: Owuor, George
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Micro-Credit
subject: Smallholder-Farmers
subject: Performance

description: With access to formal credit proving almost impossible to smallholder farmers, group based lending is steadily becoming popular in Africa. However, little is documented on the role of such programmes. In this paper, we employ propensity score matching method to evaluate effects of micro-finance credit (MFC) on borrower’s productive performance in Kenya. Our findings reveal that participation in MFC credit improves household productive incomes by a range of between US$ 200 and US$ 260 in a single production period. However, participation in the MFC among smallholder farmers is constrained by low literacy levels, gender differentials in asset endowment, poor road infrastructure, and maintenance of indigenous group structures as key factors for policy intervention
description: Dr. George Owuor is an Agribusiness Specialist
Five-Brane Dynamics and Inflation in Heterotic M-Theory
Creators: name: Buchbinder, Evgeny I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Generic heterotic M-theory compactifications contain five-branes wrapping non-isolated genus zero or higher genus curves in a Calabi-Yau threefold. Non-perturbative superpotentials do not depend on moduli of such five-branes.We show that fluxes and non-perturbative effects can stabilize them in a non-supersymmetric AdS vacuum. We also show that these five-branes can be stabilized in a dS vacuum, if we modify the supergravity potential energy by Fayet-Iliopoulos terms. This allows us to stabilize all heterotic M-theory moduli in a dS vacuum in the most general compactification scenarios. In addition, we demonstrate that, by this modification, one can create an inflationary potential. The inflationary phase is represented by a five-brane approaching the visible brane. We give a qualitative argument how extra states becoming light, when the five-brane comes too close, can terminate inflation. Eventually, the five-brane hits the visible brane and disappears through a small instanton transition. The post-inflationary system of moduli has simpler stability properties. It can be stabilized in a dS vacuum with a small cosmological constant.
description: 38 pages, 3 figures, minor corrections
The Phantom of the OPRA
Creators: name: Coley, A.
name: Hervik, S.
name: Latta, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Observed Perlmutter-Riess Acceleration (OPRA) implies that the expansion of the Universe is currently increasing and is motivation for the so-called phantom energy models. We consider the dynamics of phantom scalar field models. An important physical time constraint, which can be used to rule out many cosmological models, is obtained from the condition that all forms of energy density, including the field causing OPRA (e.g., the phantom field), must be non-negligible for an extended period, which is conservatively estimated to be of the order of a few $Gyr$. We find that this physical time constraint cannot be satisfied in conventional phantom cosmological models.
description: 9 pages; 1 figure
Morphoelasticity of Large Bending Deformations of Cell Sheets during Development
Creators: name: Haas, Pierre A.
name: Goldstein, Raymond E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Deformations of cell sheets during morphogenesis are driven by developmental processes such as cell division and cell shape changes. In morphoelastic shell theories of development, these processes appear as variations of the intrinsic geometry of a thin elastic shell. However, morphogenesis often involves large bending deformations that are outside the formal range of validity of these shell theories. Here, by asymptotic expansion of three-dimensional incompressible morphoelasticity in the limit of a thin shell, we derive a shell theory for large intrinsic bending deformations and emphasise the resulting geometric material anisotropy and the elastic role of cell constriction. Taking the invagination of the green alga Volvox as a model developmental event, we show how results for this theory differ from those for a classical shell theory that is not formally valid for these large bending deformations and reveal how these geometric effects stabilise invagination.
description: 29 pages, 6 figures; corrected and expanded version
Irradiated atmospheres of accreting magnetic white dwarfs with an application to the polar AM Herculis
Creators: name: Koenig, M.
name: Beuermann, K.
name: Gaensicke, B. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a pilot study of atmospheres of accreting magnetic white dwarfs irradiated by intense fluxes at ultraviolet to infrared wavelengths. The model uses a standard LTE stellar atmosphere code which is expanded by introducing an angle-dependent external radiation source. The present results are obtained for an external source with the spectral shape of a 10000K blackbody and a freely adjustable spectral flux. The model provides an explanation for the observed largely filled-up Lyman lines in the prototype polar AM Herculis during its high states. It also confirms the hypotheses (i) that irradiation by cyclotron radiation and other radiation sources is the principle cause for the large heated polar caps surrounding the accretion spots on white dwarfs in polars and (ii) that much of the reprocessed light appears in the far ultraviolet and not in the soft X-ray regime as suggested in the original simple theories. We also briefly discuss the role played by hard X-rays in heating the polar cap.
description: Astronomy & Astrophysics, in press, 9 pages, 7 figures
Aximopsis deserticola Lotfalizadeh & Karimpour & Delvare & Rasplus 2020, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Lotfalizadeh, Hossein
name: Karimpour, Younes
name: Delvare, Gérard
name: Rasplus, Jean-Yves
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Eurytomidae
Aximopsis
Aximopsis deserticola

description: Aximopsis deserticola (Zerova, 2004) comb. nov.
Fig. 8  Material examined
 IRAN – West-Azarbaijan Province • 1 ♀; 1 ♂; Urmia, Häshtïan; 37º47′ N, 44º39′ E; 1680 m a.s.l.; Apr. 2017; Y. Karimpour leg.; ex Phragmites australis; HMIM • 1 ♀; 1 ♂; Urmia, Hesar-e Türkmän; 37º26′ N, 45º13′ E; 1293 m a.s.l.; Apr. 2017; Y. Karimpour leg.; ex Phragmites australis; HMIM.   Remarks
 The species has been reported from fruits of Cuscuta approximata Bab. (Cuscutaceae) in Tajikistan and Turkmenistan (Zerova 2010).
 This species has characters of the nodularis species group (Lotfalizadeh et al. 2007), and with sharing conspicuous mesopleural shelf, carinate fore coxae and distinctly petiolate gaster, it is consequently transferred from Eurytoma Illiger, 1807 to the genus Aximopsis. Aximopsis deserticola can be separated from closely related species by the following set of characters: head round and slightly wider than long in frontal view (Fig. 8B); inner orbital margin coarsely punctate, and appearing to be slightly carinate; all funicular segments in female distinctly longer than wide (Fig. 8E), F1 about 2.5× as long as its width; fore coxa distinctly carinate in frontal view; mesopleuron with an obvious ventral shelf, carinate anteriorly and with an oblong comb anteromedially (Fig. 8D); marginal vein as long as postmarginal vein, slightly longer than stigmal vein, postmarginal vein about 1.5× as long as stigmal vein (Fig. 8C); metasoma of female rounded, as long as mesosoma in lateral view (Fig. 8A), with long petiole, slightly longer than wide.
description: Published as part of Lotfalizadeh, Hossein, Karimpour, Younes, Delvare, Gérard & Rasplus, Jean-Yves, 2020, Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera) obtained from common reed, Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. (Poaceae) in Iran with new records and descriptions of two new species, pp. 1-35 in European Journal of Taxonomy 710 on page 13, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.710, http://zenodo.org/record/4011124
Anomalous terahertz photoconductivity caused by the superballistic flow of hydrodynamic electrons in graphene
Creators: name: Kravtsov, M.
name: Shilov, A. L.
name: Yang, Y.
name: Pryadilin, T.
name: Kashchenko, M. A.
name: Popova, O.
name: Titova, M.
name: Voropaev, D.
name: Wang, Y.
name: Shein, K.
name: Gayduchenko, I.
name: Goltsman, G. N.
name: Lukianov, M.
name: Kudriashov, A.
name: Taniguchi, T.
name: Watanabe, K.
name: Svintsov, D. A.
name: Principi, A.
name: Adam, S.
name: Novoselov, K. S.
name: Bandurin, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Light incident upon materials can induce changes in their electrical conductivity, a phenomenon referred to as photoresistance. In semiconductors, the photoresistance is negative, as light-induced promotion of electrons across the band gap enhances the number of charge carriers participating in transport. In superconductors, the photoresistance is positive because of the destruction of the superconducting state, whereas in normal metals it is vanishing. Here we report a qualitative deviation from the standard behavior in metallic graphene. We show that Dirac electrons exposed to continuous wave (CW) terahertz (THz) radiation can be thermally decoupled from the lattice by 50~K which activates hydrodynamic electron transport. In this regime, the resistance of graphene constrictions experiences a decrease caused by the THz-driven superballistic flow of correlated electrons. We analyze the dependencies of the negative photoresistance on the carrier density, and the radiation power and show that our superballistic devices operate as sensitive phonon-cooled bolometers and can thus offer a picosecond-scale response time. Beyond their fundamental implications, our findings underscore the practicality of electron hydrodynamics in designing ultra-fast THz sensors and electron thermometers.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Recovery and recrystallization kinetics of continuous and ingot cast AA5754
Creators: name: Sarkar, Sujay
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The influence of processing route (continuous casting versus ingot casting) on the recovery and recrystallization behaviour during isothermal annealing of cold rolled AA5754 was examined. Industrially produced continuous and ingot cast AA5754 material was supplied by Alcan and a series of annealing tests were conducted in a salt bath at temperatures ranging from 200°C to 375°C for various lengths of times. Recovery and recrystallization kinetics were examined by analyzing the change in the mechanical properties of the material as a function of time and temperature. Differences in the recrystallized microstructure for both the continuous and ingot cast AA5754 were also examined in terms of recrystallized grain size and recrystallized texture. The results of the present study indicate that the ingot cast AA5754 exhibits a faster recovery and recrystallization behaviour compared to the continuous cast material. The absence of the homogenization treatment in the continuous cast AA5754, has been identified as the critical difference in the processing. The homogenization step effects the evolution and distribution of the dispersoid precipitates and associated change in the solid solution content, which thereby influences the softening kinetics of the continuous cast material. The present study also provides a comprehensive characterization of final recrystallized microstructure for continuous and ingot cast AA5754.
Universal homogeneous causal sets
Creators: name: Droste, Manfred
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Causal sets are particular partially ordered sets which have been proposed as a basic model for discrete space-time in quantum gravity. We show that the class C of all countable past-finite causal sets contains a unique causal set (U,
description: 14 pages
Agricultural Clusters in China
Creators: name: Kiminami, Lily
name: Kiminami, Akira
name: Kiminami, Lily
name: Kiminami, Akira
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: International Development
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Public Economics
subject: agricultural clusters
subject: rural development
subject: business collaboration
subject: China
subject: Japan

description: The purpose of this study is to assess the potential of clustering in the development of agriculture and rural communities in China. We shall examine in detail the food industry, which is the link in the food chain that propels the industrialization of agriculture, and identify instances of industrial agglomeration and business collaboration. Next, we shall analyze the externalities (i.e. spillovers) of clusters, demand conditions in cluster formation, and the effectiveness of business collaborations.
Additional file 1 of A case of co-occuring synesthesia, autism, prodigious talent and strong structural brain connectivity
Creators: name: Riedel, Andreas
name: Maier, Simon
name: Wenzler, Kerstin
name: Feige, Bernd
name: Elst, Ludger Tebartz Van
name: Bölte, Sven
name: Neufeld, Janina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.