cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Systolic and Hyper-Systolic Algorithms for the Gravitational N-Body Problem, with an Application to Brownian Motion
Creators: name: Dorband, E. N.
name: Hemsendorf, Marc
name: Merritt, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A systolic algorithm rhythmically computes and passes data through a network of processors. We investigate the performance of systolic algorithms for implementing the gravitational N-body problem on distributed-memory computers. Systolic algorithms minimize memory requirements by distributing the particles between processors. We show that the performance of systolic routines can be greatly enhanced by the use of non-blocking communication, which allows particle coordinates to be communicated at the same time that force calculations are being carried out. Hyper-systolic algorithms reduce the communication complexity at the expense of increased memory demands. As an example of an application requiring large N, we use the systolic algorithm to carry out direct-summation simulations using 10^6 particles of the Brownian motion of the supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way galaxy. We predict a 3D random velocity of 0.4 km/s for the black hole.
description: 33 pages, 10 postscript figures
Supplementary methods, tables and figure legends from Differential female sociality is linked with the fine-scale structure of sexual interactions in replicate groups of red junglefowl, Gallus gallus
Creators: name: McDonald, Grant C.
name: Spurgin, Lewis G.
name: Fairfield, Eleanor A.
name: Richardson, David S.
name: Pizzari, Tommaso
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Recent work indicates that social structure has extensive implications for patterns of sexual selection and sexual conflict. However, little is known about the individual variation in social behaviours linking social structure to sexual interactions. Here, we use network analysis of replicate polygynandrous groups of red junglefowl (Gallus gallus) to show that the association between social structure and sexual interactions is underpinned by differential female sociality. Sexual dynamics are largely explained by a core group of highly social, younger females, which are more fecund and more polyandrous, and thus associated with more intense postcopulatory competition for males. By contrast, less fecund females from older cohorts, which tend to be socially dominant, avoid male sexual attention by clustering together and perching on branches, and preferentially reproduce with dominant males by more exclusively associating and mating with them. Collectively, these results indicate that individual females occupy subtly different social niches and demonstrate that female sociality can be an important factor underpinning the landscape of intrasexual competition and the emergent structure of animal societies.
The metallicities of UM151, UM408 and A1228+12 revisited
Creators: name: Pustilnik, S. A.
name: Kniazev, A. Y.
name: Masegosa, J.
name: Marquez, I.
name: Pramsky, A. G.
name: Ugryumov, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of new spectrophotometry and heavy element abundance determinations for 3 dwarf galaxies UM151, UM408 and A1228+12 (RMB132). These galaxies have been claimed in the literature to have very low metallicities, corresponding to log(O/H)+12 < 7.65, that are in the metallicity range of some candidate local young galaxies. We present higher S/N data for these three galaxies. UM151 and UM408 have significantly larger metallicities: log(O/H)+12 = 8.5 and 7.93, respectively. For A1228+12 our new log(O/H)+12 = 7.73 is close to that recalculated from earlier data (7.68). Thus, the rederived metallicities allow us to remove these objects from the list of galaxies with Z < 1/20 Z_Sun.
description: LaTeX, 8 pages with 3 Postscript figures, A&A in press
Unfolding codimension-two subsumed homoclinic connections in two-dimensional piecewise-linear maps
Creators: name: Simpson, David J. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37G25, 39A23, 39A28

description: For piecewise-linear maps, the phenomenon that a branch of a one-dimensional unstable manifold of a periodic solution is completely contained in its stable manifold is codimension-two. Unlike codimension-one homoclinic corners, such `subsumed' homoclinic connections can be associated with stable periodic solutions. The purpose of this paper is to determine the dynamics near a generic subsumed homoclinic connection in two dimensions. Assuming the eigenvalues associated with the periodic solution satisfy $0 < |λ| < 1 < σ< \frac{1}{|λ|}$, in a two-parameter unfolding there exists an infinite sequence of roughly triangular regions within which the map has a stable single-round periodic solution. The result applies to both discontinuous and continuous maps, although these cases admit different characterisations for the border-collision bifurcations that correspond to boundaries of the regions. The result is illustrated with a discontinuous map of Mira and the two-dimensional border-collision normal form.
MOOCs without borders. Investigating the dynamics of a contextualised approach to scalable online learning, inclusion of displaced populations and conditions of poverty.
Creators: name: Shah, Mariam Aman
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2021
Subjects: MOOCs, Online Education, Refugee Education, Contextualised Education, Inclusive Educational Designs

description: MOOCs, Massive Open Online Courses. This form of scalable education has gained a reputation for providing anytime, anywhere access to knowledge across the globe. Through the ubiquitous presence of the internet as the mechanism by which to deliver courses, MOOCs are primed to break down barriers of access to education between nations and population segments. However, is the ecosystem of MOOCs really developed for anyone, anywhere? With wars, national conflicts and natural disasters setting a record for the largest number of refugees and displaced populations ever recorded along with millions of people around the globe who continue to live in conditions of poverty, are indeed “MOOCs without borders” and can they provide much needed educational opportunities to transform the lives of these less privileged populations? This research investigates the plight for these populations by reflecting on the concept it has termed as “MOOCs without borders”. It examines the contexts of such populations and their nations which are heavily tasked to minimise gaps in the attainment of knowledge, through providing inclusive, adaptable and therefore contextualised education at scale. Reflecting on this, this thesis investigates the dynamics of contextualised education through the lens of MOOCs for such marginalised populations, and uses Knowledge Gap Theory as its theoretical framework whilst implementing Grounded Theory as its methodological approach. The findings gathered identifies 5 key factors which can contribute to the contextualisation of MOOCs for nations faced with poverty and the influx of displaced populations. In the identification of these 5 key factors, this thesis presents the generation of theory in the form of the “Contextualised MOOCs Model”. This model provides a how to framework for MOOCs to provide accessible educational opportunities, as it illustrates the interconnections and the impact which the 5 contextualised factors have upon each other, and thus upon the development and implementation of MOOCs for underprivileged and displaced populations.
Topological Defects in Contracting Universes
Creators: name: Avelino, P. P.
name: Martins, C. J. A. P.
name: Santos, C.
name: Shellard, E. P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the behaviour and consequences of cosmic string networks in contracting universes. They approximately behave during the collapse phase as a radiation fluids. Scaling solutions describing this are derived and tested against high-resolution numerical simulations. A string network in a contracting universe, together with the gravitational radiation it generates, can affect the dynamics of the universe both locally and globally, and be an important source of radiation, entropy and inhomogeneity. We discuss possible implications for bouncing and cyclic models.
description: Shorter version of astro-ph/0206287. To appear in Phys. Rev. Lett
Noninvasive linear fluorescence imaging through scattering media via wavefront shaping
Creators: name: Daniel, Anat
name: Oron, Dan
name: Silberberg, Yaron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate focusing and imaging through a scattering medium noninvasively by using wavefront shaping. Our concept is based on utilizing the spatial fluorescence contrast which naturally exists in the hidden target object. By scanning the angle of incidence of the illuminating laser beam and maximizing the variation of the detected fluorescence signal from the object, as measured by a bucket detector at the front of the scattering medium, we are able to generate a tightly focused excitation spot. Thereafter, an image is obtained by scanning the focus over the object. The requirements for applicability of the method are discussed.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
First results from RHIC: What are they telling us?
Creators: name: Nagle, J. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) facility at Brookhaven National Laboratory is the first accelerator specifically constructed for the study of very hot and dense nuclear matter. At sufficiently high temperature, nuclear matter is expected to undergo a phase transition to a quark-gluon plasma. It is the specific goal of the field to study the nature of this plasma and understand the phase transitions between different states. The RHIC accelerator along with four experiments BRAHMS, PHENIX, PHOBOS, and STAR were commissioned last year with first collisions occurring in June 2000. Presented here are the first results from low luminosity beam in Run I. They are a glimpse of the wealth of physics to be extracted from the RHIC program over the next several years.
description: Invited Talk at the International Nuclear Physics Conference INPC2001, Berkeley, CA, July 29th - August 3rd 2001
Accelerated Recombination due to Resonant Deexcitation of Metastable States
Creators: name: Ralchenko, Yu. V.
name: Maron, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recombining plasma the metastable states are known to accumulate population thereby slowing down the recombination process. We show that an account of the doubly-excited autoionizing states, formed due to collisional recombination of metastable ions, results in a significant acceleration of recombination. A fully time-dependent collisional-radiative (CR) modeling for stripped ions of carbon recombining in a cold dense plasma demonstrates an order of magnitude faster recombination of He-like ions. The CR model used in calculations is discussed in detail.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures; to be published in JQSRT
Relativistic fine structure and resonance effects in electron-ion recombination and excitation of (e + C IV)
Creators: name: Pradhan, Anil K.
name: Chen, Guo Xin
name: Nahar, Sultana N.
name: Zhang, Hong Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relativistic close coupling calculations are reported for unified electronic recombination of (e + C IV) including non-resonant and resonant recombination processes, radiative and dielectronic recombination (RR and DR). Detailed comparison of the theoretical unified results with two recent experiments on ion storage rings (Mannervik etal. [1] and Schippers etal. [2]) shows very good agreement in the entire measured energy region 2s -- 2p with 2pnl resonances. The results benchmark theory and experiments to uncertainties of ~15%, and show that the resonant and the background cross sections are not an incoherent sum of separate RR and DR contributions. The limiting values of the DR cross sections, as n ---> infinity, are shown to correspond to those due to electron impact excitation (EIE) at the 2Po_(1/2,3/2) fine structure thresholds, delineated for the first time. The near-threshold 2s 2S_(1/2) - 2p 2Po_(1/2,3/2) EIE cross sections are also compared with recent experimental measurements. The demonstrated threshold fine structure and resonance effects should be of general importance in excitation and recombination of positive ions.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures; accepted in Phys. Rev. Letters, no change from submitted version
The Ermakov-Pinney Equation in Scalar Field Cosmologies
Creators: name: Hawkins, Rachael M.
name: Lidsey, James E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the dynamics of cosmologies sourced by a mixture of perfect fluids and self-interacting scalar fields are described by the non-linear, Ermakov-Pinney equation. The general solution of this equation can be expressed in terms of particular solutions to a related, linear differential equation. This characteristic is employed to derive exact cosmologies in the inflationary and quintessential scenarios. The relevance of the Ermakov-Pinney equation to the braneworld scenario is discussed.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures, references added, extended discussion emphasising importance of scale factor in derivation
Nano-mosaic of Topological Dirac States on the Surface of Pb5Bi24Se41 Observed by Nano-ARPES
Creators: name: Nakayama, Kosuke
name: Souma, Seigo
name: Trang, Chi Xuan
name: Takane, Daichi
name: Chen, Chaoyu
name: Avila, Jose
name: Takahashi, Takashi
name: Sasaki, Satoshi
name: Segawa, Kouji
name: Asensio, Maria Carmen
name: Ando, Yoichi
name: Sato, Takafumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed scanning angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with a nanometer-sized beam spot (nano-ARPES) on the cleaved surface of Pb5Bi24Se41, which is a member of the (PbSe)5(Bi2Se3)3m homologous series (PSBS) with m = 4 consisting of alternate stacking of the topologically-trivial insulator PbSe bilayer and four quintuple layers (QLs) of the topological insulator Bi2Se3. This allows us to visualize a mosaic of topological Dirac states at a nanometer scale coming from the variable thickness of the Bi2Se3 nano-islands (1-3 QLs) that remain on top of the PbSe layer after cleaving the PSBS crystal, because the local band structure of topological origin changes drastically with the thickness of the Bi2Se3 nano-islands. A comparison of the local band structure with that in ultrathin Bi2Se3 films on Si(111) gives us further insights into the nature of the observed topological states. This result demonstrates that nano-ARPES is a very useful tool for characterizing topological heterostructures.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Supplementary figures 1-7 from Differential female sociality is linked with the fine-scale structure of sexual interactions in replicate groups of red junglefowl, Gallus gallus
Creators: name: McDonald, Grant C.
name: Spurgin, Lewis G.
name: Fairfield, Eleanor A.
name: Richardson, David S.
name: Pizzari, Tommaso
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Recent work indicates that social structure has extensive implications for patterns of sexual selection and sexual conflict. However, little is known about the individual variation in social behaviours linking social structure to sexual interactions. Here, we use network analysis of replicate polygynandrous groups of red junglefowl (Gallus gallus) to show that the association between social structure and sexual interactions is underpinned by differential female sociality. Sexual dynamics are largely explained by a core group of highly social, younger females, which are more fecund and more polyandrous, and thus associated with more intense postcopulatory competition for males. By contrast, less fecund females from older cohorts, which tend to be socially dominant, avoid male sexual attention by clustering together and perching on branches, and preferentially reproduce with dominant males by more exclusively associating and mating with them. Collectively, these results indicate that individual females occupy subtly different social niches and demonstrate that female sociality can be an important factor underpinning the landscape of intrasexual competition and the emergent structure of animal societies.
Appendix from Two-dimensional adaptive dynamics of evolutionary public goods games: finite-size effects on fixation probability and branching time
Creators: name: Johnson, Brian
name: Altrock, Philipp M.
name: Kimmel, Gregory J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 10299 Applied Mathematics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Public goods games (PGGs) describe situations in which individuals contribute to a good at a private cost, but others can free-ride by receiving a share of the public benefit at no cost. The game occurs within local neighbourhoods, which are subsets of the whole population. Free-riding and maximal production are two extremes of a continuous spectrum of traits. We study the adaptive dynamics of production and neighbourhood size. We allow the public good production and the neighbourhood size to coevolve and observe evolutionary branching. We explain how an initially monomorphic population, undergoes evolutionary branching in two dimensions, to become a dimorphic population characterized by extremes of the spectrum of trait values. We find that population size plays a crucial role in determining the final state of the population. Small populations may not branch or may be subject to extinction of a subpopulation after branching. In small populations, stochastic effects become important and we calculate the probability of subpopulation extinction. Our work elucidates the evolutionary origins of heterogeneity in local PGGs among individuals of two traits (production and neighbourhood size), and of the effects of stochasticity in two-dimensional trait space, where novel effects emerge.
Chain-Stretch Relaxation from Low Frequency Fourier Transform Rheology
Creators: name: Reynolds, Carl D.
name: Hoyle, David M.
name: Thompson, Richard L.
name: McLeish, Tom C. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Medium or large amplitude oscillatory shear (M/LAOS) is sensitive to polymer chain structure, yet poses unsolved challenges for 'a priori' structural characterisation. In this letter, we present a MAOS protocol applied to near-monodisperse linear polymer melts, from which chain-stretch relaxation, a key structural feature, is clearly discernible. The third harmonics of MAOS frequency sweeps are decomposed into real and imaginary components and found to obey time-temperature superposition. The GLaMM molecular tube-based model of linear entangled melt rheology and structure, which has no free parameters, closely follows the form of our experimental results for the third harmonics and contains discriminatory features which depend only on the polymer's chain stretch relaxation time. Significantly, these third harmonic features occur at low frequency and are readily accessible with standard rheometers. For materials where phase transitions restrict the use of time temperature superposition, this method greatly increases the scope of rotational rheometry for structural analysis of polymers. Although the theory shows good qualitative agreement with experimental data, we find fundamental differences in magnitude and the frequency dependence of the third harmonics which must be resolved in order to fully understand the molecular basis of the stress response.
description: V2 - Accepted version: 6 main pages with 4 figures + 8 supplemental pages with 8 figures
New Method for ISOCAM Data Reduction - II. Mid-Infrared Extragalactic Source Counts in the Southern ELAIS Field
Creators: name: Gruppioni, C.
name: Lari, C.
name: Pozzi, F.
name: Zamorani, G.
name: Franceschini, A.
name: Oliver, S.
name: Rowan-Robinson, M.
name: Serjeant, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the 15 micron extragalactic source counts from the Final Analysis Catalogue of the European Large Area ISO Survey southern hemisphere field S1, extracted using the Lari method. The large number of extragalactic sources (about 350) detected over this area between 0.5 and 100 mJy guarantee a high statistical significance of the source counts in the previously poorly covered flux density range between IRAS and the Deep ISOCAM Surveys. The bright counts in S1 (> 2mJy) are consistent with a flat, Euclidean slope, suggesting the dominance of a non-evolving population. In contrast, at fainter fluxes (< 2 mJy) our counts show a strong departure from no evolution models, with a very steep super-Euclidean slope down to our flux limit. Strong luminosity and density evolution is needed at least for the population of star-forming galaxies, together with a luminosity break around 10^10.8 Lsun in their local luminosity function in order to reproduce our sharp increase of the counts below 2 mJy and the redshift distributions observed for 15 micron sources at different flux levels. The contribution of the strongly evolving starburst population (down to 50 microJy) to the 15 micron cosmic background is estimated to be 2.2 nW m^-2 sr^-1 (67% of the total mid-infrared background estimate).
description: 14 pages, LaTeX, MNRAS style, 16 postscript figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Paraepitrimerus changqingicus Xue, Song & Hong 2011
Creators: name: Xue, Xiao-Feng
name: Han, Xiao
name: Song, Zi-Wei
name: Hong, Xiao-Yue
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Prostigmata
Eriophyidae
Paraepitrimerus
Paraepitrimerus changqingicus

description: Paraepitrimerus changqingicus Xue, Song & Hong, 2011
 Paraepitrimerus changqingicus Xue, Song & Hong, 2011b: 47–51.
 Type material. 12 females (slide number NJAUAcariEri332), from Aster tataricus L. f. (Asteraceae), Changqing Nature Reserve, Yang County, Shaanxi Province, P. R. China, 33° 35' 23" N, 107° 32' 26" E, elevation 1083m, 9 August 2005, coll. Xiao-Feng Xue and Zi-Wei Song.
 Host. Aster tataricus L. f. (Asteraceae).
 Relation to host. Vagrant.
 Distribution. China (Shaanxi).
description: Published as part of Xue, Xiao-Feng, Han, Xiao, Song, Zi-Wei & Hong, Xiao-Yue, 2012, Eriophyoid mite fauna of Shaanxi Province, China, with descriptions of five new species (Acari: Eriophyoidea) 3292, pp. 1-71 in Zootaxa 3292 (1) on page 32, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3292.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5250127
Phyllocoptes asperatae Song, Xue & Hong 2006
Creators: name: Xue, Xiao-Feng
name: Han, Xiao
name: Song, Zi-Wei
name: Hong, Xiao-Yue
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Eriophyidae
Phyllocoptes
Phyllocoptes asperatae

description: Phyllocoptes asperatae Song, Xue & Hong, 2006
 Phyllocoptes asperatae Song, Xue & Hong, 2006: 36–38.
 Type material. 10 females and 2 males (slide number NJAUAcariEri309), from Picea asperata Mast. (Pinaceae), Huayang Town, Yang County, Shaanxi Province, P. R. China, 33°35'23' N, 107°32'26' E, elevation 1083m, 8 August 2005, coll. Xiao-Feng Xue & Zi-Wei Song.
 Host. Picea asperata Mast. (Pinaceae).
 Relation to host. Vagrant.
 Distribution. China (Shaanxi).
description: Published as part of Xue, Xiao-Feng, Han, Xiao, Song, Zi-Wei & Hong, Xiao-Yue, 2012, Eriophyoid mite fauna of Shaanxi Province, China, with descriptions of five new species (Acari: Eriophyoidea) 3292, pp. 1-71 in Zootaxa 3292 (1) on page 32, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3292.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5250127
New room temperature nematogens by cyano tail termination of alkoxy and alkylcyanobiphenyls and their anchoring behavior on metal salt-decorated surface
Creators: name: Kunlun Wang
name: Szilvási, Tibor
name: Gold, Jake
name: Huaizhe Yu
name: Nanqi Bao
name: Prabin Rai
name: Mavrikakis, Manos
name: Abbott, Nicholas L.
name: Twieg, Robert J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Hematology

description: A series of cyano tail-terminated alkoxy and alkyl cyanobiphenyl compounds and some cyano-p-terphenyl derivatives were synthesized and mesogenic properties described. Comparison with the K series and M series indicates that the terminal cyano group generally enhances the supercooling of the molecules. Furthermore, several binary LC mixtures formed by the cyano tail-terminated compounds were found exhibiting promising room temperature nematic phases ranges comparable to the commercial quaternary mixture E7. The equimolar binary mixture of CN5OCB and CN7OCB shows homeotropic ordering at the metal salts-decorated surfaces and planar ordering at the free surface, which is consistent with GBE values we calculated. As such, these materials are promising candidates for sensor devices which display a rapid response to a variety of analytes.
New Results on Pb-Au Collisions at 40 AGeV from the CERES/NA45 Experiment
Creators: name: Filimonov, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In 1999 the CERES/NA45 ran at the CERN SPS with a beam energy of 40 GeV/nucleon. The data set comprises about 8.7 millions Pb-Au events with a trigger selection corresponding to approximately the most central 30% of the geometrical cross section. Results on low-mass electron pair analysis are presented. The upgrade of the experimental setup with the radial drift TPC has allowed to enhance hadron physics capabilities of the experiment. New results on hadron spectra (including Lambda) and flow are presented.
description: Talk at the International Nuclear Physics Conference INPC2001, Berkeley, CA, July 29th - August 3rd 2001
Signatures of Physical Aging and Thixotropy in Aqueous Dispersion of Carbopol
Creators: name: Agarwal, Mayank
name: Joshi, Yogesh M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we investigate signatures of physical aging in an aqueous dispersion of Carbopol that shows yield stress and weak enhancement in elastic modulus as a function of time. We observe that the creep curves, as well as strain recovery, show a significant dependence on waiting time elapsed since shear melting. The corrected strain, which is the strain in excess of the recovered strain, has been observed to show time waiting time superposition in the effective time domain, wherein time is normalized by time-dependent relaxation time that shows a power-law dependence. The corresponding power law exponent, which is close to unity in a limit of small stresses, decreases with stress and tends to zero as stress approaches the yield stress. For a range of stresses, the material shows time stress superposition suggesting the shape of the evolving relaxation time spectrum to be independent of the time as well as the stress. This work, therefore, suggests the presence of physical aging in an aqueous dispersion of Carbopol even though the elastic modulus shows only a weak enhancement. We also discuss Andrade type of creep behavior in aqueous Carbopol dispersion.
A BeppoSax view of the Centaurus Cluster
Creators: name: Molendi, S.
name: De Grandi, S.
name: Guainazzi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from the analysis of a BeppoSAX observation of the Centaurus Cluster. The radial metal abundance profile shows evidence of a large enhancement in the core, where Ab $>$ 1 (sol. units). The temperature map indicates that the cluster is characterized by a gradient oriented in the NW/SE direction, with cooler gas in the NW and hotter gas in the SE (ΔkT \sim 1 keV). In hard X-rays, where the PDS detects emission with a flux of $2.2 \times 10^{-11}$ erg/cm^2/s in the 20-200 keV band, the spectrum lies above the extrapolation of the cluster thermal emission. We discuss several possible interpretations for the hard excess finding that none is completely satisfactory.
description: To appear in A&A
PASS3D: Precise and Accelerated Semantic Segmentation for 3D Point Cloud
Creators: name: Kong, Xin
name: Zhai, Guangyao
name: Zhong, Baoquan
name: Liu, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we propose PASS3D to achieve point-wise semantic segmentation for 3D point cloud. Our framework combines the efficiency of traditional geometric methods with robustness of deep learning methods, consisting of two stages: At stage-1, our accelerated cluster proposal algorithm will generate refined cluster proposals by segmenting point clouds without ground, capable of generating less redundant proposals with higher recall in an extremely short time; stage-2 we will amplify and further process these proposals by a neural network to estimate semantic label for each point and meanwhile propose a novel data augmentation method to enhance the network's recognition capability for all categories especially for non-rigid objects. Evaluated on KITTI raw dataset, PASS3D stands out against the state-of-the-art on some results, making itself competent to 3D perception in autonomous driving system. Our source code will be open-sourced. A video demonstration is available at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cukEqDuP_Qw.
description: This paper has been accepted by IROS-2019
Regular self-consistent geometries with infinite quantum backreaction in 2D dilaton gravity and black hole thermodynamics: unfamiliar features of familiar models
Creators: name: Zaslavskii, O. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the rather unusual properties of some exact solutions in 2D dilaton gravity for which infinite quantum stresses on the Killing horizon can be compatible with regularity of the geometry. In particular, the Boulware state can support a regular horizon. We show that such solutions are contained in some well-known exactly solvable models (for example, RST). Formally, they appear to account for an additional coefficient $B$ in the solutions (for the same Lagrangian which contains also ''traditional'' solutions) that gives rise to the deviation of temperature $T$ from its Hawking value $T_{H}$. The Lorentzian geometry, which is a self-consistent solution of the semiclassical field equations, in such models, is smooth even at $B\neq 0$ and there is no need to put B=0 ($T=T_{H}$) to smooth it out$.$ We show how the presence of $B\neq 0$ affects the structure of spacetime. In contrast to ''usual'' black holes, full fledged thermodynamic interpretation, including definite value of entropy, can be ascribed (for a rather wide class of models) to extremal horizons, not to nonextreme ones. We find also new exact solutions for ''usual'' black holes (with $T=T_{H}$). The properties under discussion arise in the \QTR{it}{weak}-coupling regime of the effective constant of dilaton-gravity interaction. Extension of features, traced in 2D models, to 4D dilaton gravity leads, for some special models, to exceptional nonextreme black holes having no own thermal properties.
description: 43 pages, To appear in "Bekenstein Issues" of Foundations of Physics
Periodic orbits for three particles with finite angular momentum
Creators: name: Nauenberg, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a novel numerical method to calculate periodic orbits for dynamical systems by an iterative process which is based directly on the action integral in classical mechanics. New solutions are obtained for the planar motion of three equal mass particles on a common periodic orbit with finite total angular momentum, under the action of attractive pairwise forces of the form $1/r^{p+1}$. It is shown that for $-2 < p \le 0$, Lagrange's 1772 circular solution is the limiting case of a complex symmetric orbit. The evolution of this orbit and another recently discovered one in the shape of a figure eight is investigated for a range of angular momenta. Extensions to n equal mass particles and to three particles of different masses are also discussed briefly.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in Physics Letters A
Design of novel PhMTNA inhibitors, targeting neurological disorder through homology modeling, molecular docking, and dynamics approaches
Creators: name: Prajisha Jayaprakash
name: Biswal, Jayashree
name: Sureka Kanagarajan
name: Dhamodharan Prabhu
name: Prerana Gogoi
name: Kanaujia, Shankar Prasad
name: Jeyaraman Jeyakanthan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Vanishing white matter (VWM) is a hereditary human disease, mostly prevalent in childhood caused by the defects in the eukaryotic initiation factor beta subunits. It is the first disease involved in the translation initiation factor, eIF2B. There is no specific treatment for VWM which mainly affect the brain and ovaries. The gray matter remains normal in all characteristics while the white matter changes texture, coming to the pathophysiology, many initiation factors are involved in the initiation of translation of mRNAs into polypeptides. In this study, the three-dimensional structure of PhMTNA protein was modeled and the stability ascertained through Molecular dynamic simulation (MDS) for 100 ns. The active site residues are conserved with the reported BsMTNA structure which is also confirmed through sitemap prediction. Through virtual screening and induced fit docking, top five leads against PhMTNA protein was identified based on their binding mode and affinity. ADME properties and DFT (Density Functional Theory) studies of these compounds were studied. In addition to that, computational mutagenesis studies were performed to identify the hotspot residues involved in the protein-ligand interactions. Overall analysis showed that the compound NCI_941 has a highest binding energy of −46.256 kcal mol−1 in the Arg57Ala mutant. Thus, the results suggest that NCI_941 would act as a potent inhibitor against PhMTNA protein.
Phyllocoptes cuihuashani Xue, Song & Hong 2009
Creators: name: Xue, Xiao-Feng
name: Han, Xiao
name: Song, Zi-Wei
name: Hong, Xiao-Yue
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Eriophyidae
Phyllocoptes
Phyllocoptes cuihuashani

description: Phyllocoptes cuihuashani Xue, Song & Hong, 2009
 Phyllocoptes cuihuashani Xue, Song & Hong, 2009b: 135–136.
 Type material. 8 females (slide number NJAUAcariEri411), from Thalictrum sp. (Ranunculaceae), Cuihua Mountain, Xi' an City, Shaanxi Province, P. R. China, 34°59'40' N, 109°00'04' E, elevation 901m, 15 August 2005, coll. Xiao-Feng Xue & Zi-Wei Song.
 Host. Thalictrum sp. L. (Ranunculaceae).
 Relation to host. Vagrant.
 Distribution. China (Shaanxi).
description: Published as part of Xue, Xiao-Feng, Han, Xiao, Song, Zi-Wei & Hong, Xiao-Yue, 2012, Eriophyoid mite fauna of Shaanxi Province, China, with descriptions of five new species (Acari: Eriophyoidea) 3292, pp. 1-71 in Zootaxa 3292 (1) on page 33, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3292.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5250127
Marketing Strategies in the Canadian Beef Sector
Creators: name: Frank, Julieta
name: Brewin, Derek
name: Frank, Julieta
name: Brewin, Derek
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: Agricultural marketing

description: The Canadian beef sector has undergone a structural change since the outbreak of BSE in 2003 and a higher U.S./Canadian dollar exchange rate variability. Hedging beef prices and the U.S. dollar using the futures market may help producers and other beef market participants to alleviate some of their price risk. We assess the hedging usefulness of the CME Group futures contract in total price risk reduction for Canadian cattle market participants and we examine the implications of exchange rate variability on optimal commodity hedging. Futures hedging after BSE removes approximately 35% of the risk, and a combined commodity and currency hedge after BSE was discovered removes approximately 50% of the risk. Hedge ratios are in general low, approximately 0.29 when a combined cattle-currency hedge is performed.
Capturing benefits from water entitlement trade in salinity affected areas: A role for trading houses?
Creators: name: Bell, Rosalyn
name: Bell, Rosalyn
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: While there is potential for substantial benefits from water entitlement trade, external effects such as salinity may mean that traders cannot capture these benefits. This paper demonstrates that by creating a trading house as a single seller of water entitlements, with trade profits distributed to buyers, it is possible to achieve an allocation of entitlements which gives a social outcome higher than that possible from atomistic competition for entitlements. Such an outcome may be comparable to an optimally set uniform charge for water entitlements, but the trading house mechanism has the advantage that it makes use of trade to generate information on the optimal level of charging in the presence of salinity.
Spin polarizabilities of the proton by measurement of Compton double-polarization observables
Creators: name: Paudyal, D.
name: Martel, P. P.
name: Huber, G. M.
name: Hornidge, D.
name: Abt, S.
name: Achenbach, P.
name: Adlarson, P.
name: Afzal, F.
name: Ahmed, Z.
name: Akondi, C. S.
name: Annand, J. R. M.
name: Arends, H. J.
name: Bashkanov, M.
name: Beck, R.
name: Biroth, M.
name: Borisov, N. S.
name: Braghieri, A.
name: Briscoe, W. J.
name: Cividini, F.
name: Costanza, S.
name: Collicott, C.
name: Denig, A.
name: Dieterle, M.
name: Downie, E. J.
name: Drexler, P.
name: Ferretti-Bondy, M. I.
name: Gardner, S.
name: Garni, S.
name: Glazier, D. I.
name: Glowa, D.
name: Gorodnov, I.
name: Gradl, W.
name: Günther, S.
name: Gurevich, G. M.
name: Hamilton, D.
name: Heijkenskjöld, L.
name: Käser, A.
name: Kashevarov, V. L.
name: Kay, S.
name: Keshelashvili, I.
name: Kondratiev, R.
name: Korolija, M.
name: Krusche, B.
name: Lazarev, A. B.
name: Linturi, J. M.
name: Lisin, V.
name: Livingston, K.
name: Lutterer, S.
name: MacGregor, I. J. D.
name: Macrae, R.
name: Mancell, J.
name: Manley, D. M.
name: Metag, V.
name: Meyer, W.
name: Miskimen, R.
name: Mornacchi, E.
name: Mullen, C.
name: Mushkarenkov, A.
name: Neganov, A. B.
name: Neiser, A.
name: Oberle, M.
name: Ostrick, M.
name: Otte, P. B.
name: Pedroni, P.
name: Polonski, A.
name: Powell, A.
name: Prakhov, S. N.
name: Rajabi, A.
name: Reicherz, G.
name: Ron, G.
name: Rostomyan, T.
name: Sarty, A.
name: Sfienti, C.
name: Sikora, M. H.
name: Sokhoyan, V.
name: Spieker, K.
name: Steffen, O.
name: Strakovsky, I. I.
name: Strub, Th.
name: Supek, I.
name: Thiel, A.
name: Thiel, M.
name: Thomas, A.
name: Unverzagt, M.
name: Usov, Yu. A.
name: Wagner, S.
name: Walford, N. K.
name: Watts, D. P.
name: Werthmüller, D.
name: Wettig, J.
name: Witthauer, L.
name: Wolfes, M.
name: Zana, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Compton double-polarization observable $Σ_{2z}$ has been measured for the first time in the $Δ(1232)$ resonance region using a circularly polarized photon beam incident on a longitudinally polarized target at the Mainz Microtron. This paper reports these results, together with the model-dependent extraction of four proton spin polarizabilities from fits to additional asymmetry data using dispersion relation and chiral perturbation theory calculations, with the former resulting in: $γ_{E1E1} = -3.18 \pm 0.52$, $γ_{M1M1} = 2.98 \pm 0.43$, $γ_{E1M2} = -0.44 \pm 0.67$ and $γ_{M1E2} = 1.58 \pm 0.43$, in units of $10^{-4}~\mathrm{fm}^{4}$.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in PRC
Adherence to a Mediterranean diet by vegetarians and vegans as compared to omnivores
Creators: name: Avital, Kerem
name: Buch, Assaf
name: Hollander, Idan
name: Tzori Brickner
name: Goldbourt, Uri
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: To assess adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MedD) by vegetarians and vegans compared to omnivores, we recruited an internet-based convenience sample of 565, 151 and 514 Israeli (>20 years) vegans, vegetarians and omnivores. Studies assessing vegetarians’ and vegans’ adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MedD) are scarce. We recruited an internet-based convenience sample of 565, 151 and 514 Israeli vegans, vegetarians and omnivores, mostly female with a normal weight. We assessed their MedD scores (MedDS) and their food groups’ consumption by two food frequency questionnaires: (1) Trichopoulou’s MedDS (range 0–9); (2) Literature-based MedDS (LBMedDS) (range 0–18). We found that vegans tend to consume significantly more legumes, nuts, fruits and vegetables than omnivores. The multivariable-adjusted odds for high MedDS (a score ≥4) (compared to omnivores) assessed by Trichopoulou’s score were: 32.35-fold higher in vegans (95% CI, 21.43–48.84) and 3.13-fold higher in vegetarians (95% CI, 2.06–4.76). Using the LBMedDS, vegans had 2.30-fold higher odds for high MedD adherence (a score ≥12) and vegetarians 1.66-fold higher odds compared to omnivores. In conclusion, we found a higher MedD adherence among vegans and vegetarians compared to omnivores.
Asymmetric butterfly velocities in 2-local Hamiltonians
Creators: name: Zhang, Yong-Liang
name: Khemani, Vedika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The speed of information propagation is finite in quantum systems with local interactions. In many such systems, local operators spread ballistically in time and can be characterized by a "butterfly velocity", which can be measured via out-of-time-ordered correlation functions. In general, the butterfly velocity can depend asymmetrically on the direction of information propagation. In this work, we construct a family of simple 2-local Hamiltonians for understanding the asymmetric hydrodynamics of operator spreading. Our models live on a one dimensional lattice and exhibit asymmetric butterfly velocities between the left and right spatial directions. This asymmetry is transparently understood in a free (non-interacting) limit of our model Hamiltonians, where the butterfly speed can be understood in terms of quasiparticle velocities.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures
Preservice Teachers’ Perspectives on Modelling and Explaining in STEM Subjects; A Q Methodology Study. (Journal Paper).
Creators: name: McLain, Matt
name: McLain, Drew
name: Wooff, David
name: Irving-Bell, Dawne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: 130106 Secondary Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: 130313 Teacher Education and Professional Development of Educators
subject: 130108 Technical, Further and Workplace Education
subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: 130105 Primary Education (excl. Maori)
subject: 130202 Curriculum and Pedagogy Theory and Development
subject: 130213 Vocational Education and Training Curriculum and Pedagogy
subject: 130212 Science, Technology and Engineering Curriculum and Pedagogy

description: Teacher modelling and explaining are important pedagogical approaches in practical subjects, including those categorised as science, technology, engineering and/or mathematics (STEM). Building on a framework developed from research on ‘the demonstration’ with teachers and teacher educators of design and technology (D&T), this study explores preservice teachers’ views across a range of secondary school subjects. This study is a snapshot of the evolving perspectives of the participants, early in their studies as students during initial teacher education (ITE). It uses Q Methodology to investigate the subjective values of preservice teachers towards teacher modelling and explaining. Q Methodology compares and analyses the responses of participants to a set of statements representing a range of possible views on a given subject. The sample is purposive, comprised of students enrolled on postgraduate ITE programmes with a Higher Education Institution (HEI) in England. The findings suggest that preservice teachers of STEM subjects strongly identified with one of two architypes –teacher-expert or teacher-facilitator. The paper concludes that preservice teachers of STEM should be made aware of these powerful architypes, when planning, teaching and evaluating lessons. The findings also suggest the possibility of collaborative training with preservice teachers across the STEM disciplines, using the statements from this study as a tool for dialogue. Future research could explore similarities and differences between practical/creative and humanities subjects.
McLain, M., McLain, D., Wooff, D., & Irving-Bell, D. (2021). Preservice Teachers’ Perspectives on Modelling and Explaining in STEM Subjects: A Q Methodology Study. Techne serien - Forskning i slöjdpedagogik och slöjdvetenskap, 28(2), 367–374. Hämtad från