Ibotyporanga guanambi Huber & Meng & Král & Ávila Herrera & Carvalho 2024, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Huber, Bernhard A.
name: Meng, Guanliang
name: Král, Jiří
name: Ávila Herrera, Ivalú M.
name: Carvalho, Leonardo S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Pholcidae
Ibotyporanga
Ibotyporanga guanambi

description: Ibotyporanga guanambi Huber sp. nov.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: EE1817A4-6D06-4480-9F80-FE8EDDE23F1C
Figs 22D, 73B–C, 74, 88–91; SEM Figs 2E–F, 4E, 6B, 8C–D, 9F, 10E, 11C–D, 12F, 13D, 14D, 15B, 16D, 18D–E, 19A
Diagnosis
Males are distinguished from most known congeners (except I. imale sp. nov.) by distal course of main procursus branch (Fig. 89A–D; distal membranous part long, curved towards dorsal and proximal); from I. imale by dorsal process of procursus shorter, without distal bend (Fig. 89C–D). Females are externally possibly indistinguishable from putatively close relatives (species with a split procursus but without median sclerite in female internal genitalia: I. imale, I. ramosae, I. capivara sp. nov., I. sertao sp. nov.); I. sertao is distinguished by internal genitalia with distinct pair of convoluted tubes and by absence of large median expandable sac. Females of I. ramosae and I. imale may be morphologically indistinguishable from those of I. guanambi sp. nov.
Etymology
The species name is derived from the type locality; noun in apposition.
Type material
Holotype
BRAZIL – Bahia • ♂; N of Guanambi; 14.1797° S, 42.7812° W; 560 m a.s.l.; 12 Nov. 2022; B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho and R.A. Torres leg.; CHNUFPI 5932.
Paratypes
BRAZIL – Bahia • 4 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀, 2 juvs; same collection data as for holotype; CHNUFPI 5933 • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; UFMG 31657 • 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; CHNUFPI 9041 [deposited in ZFMK Ar 24370] • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; CHNUFPI 5934.
Other material examined
BRAZIL – Bahia • 2 ♂♂, 8 ♀♀, 6 juvs, in pure ethanol; same collection data as for holotype; CHNUFPI 5935 [deposited in ZFMK Br22-158; 1 ♂, 1 ♀ used for SEM] • 1 ♂; Guanambi, Fazenda do Seu Washington; 14.1830° S, 42.8128° W; 515 m a.s.l.; 12 Apr. 2015; L.S. Carvalho leg.; CHNUFPI 1496 • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; CHNUFPI 3688 • 4 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; CHNUFPI 1543 • 1 ♂ 1 ♀; same data as for preceding; UFMG 17378 • 1 ♀; Caetité, Parque Eólico de Guanambi; 14.1116° S, 42.6077° W; 1000 m a.s.l.; 13 Apr. 2015; L.S. Carvalho leg.; CHNUFPI 3761.
Assigned tentatively (see below)
BRAZIL – Bahia • 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; NE of Marcolino Moura; 13.5883° S, 41.6635° W; 630 m a.s.l.; 19 Nov. 2022; B.A. Huber and L.S. Carvalho leg.; CHNUFPI 5936 • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; CHNUFPI 9042 [deposited in ZFMK Ar 24371] • 3 ♀♀, in pure ethanol; same collection data as for preceding; CHNUFPI 5937 [deposited in ZFMK Br22-198] • 1 ♂; S of Contendas do Sincorá; 13.7826° S, 41.0507° W; 320 m a.s.l.; hillside with shrubby caatinga woodland on sandy soil; 11 Nov. 2022; B.A. Huber and L.S. Carvalho leg.; CHNUFPI 5938 [deposited in ZFMK Ar 24372] • 1 ♀; W of Mucugê, Parque Nacional da Chapada Diamantina; 13.0097° S, 41.4084° W; 1010 m a.s.l.; 19 Nov. 2022; B.A. Huber and L.S. Carvalho leg.; CHNUFPI 5939.
Description
Male (holotype)
MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 2.2, carapace width 0.82. Distance PME–PME 80 µm; diameter PME 75 µm; distance PME–ALE 30 µm; distance AME–AME 10 µm; diameter AME 70 µm. Leg 1: 4.77 (1.27+0.30 +1.20 +1.50 + 0.50), tibia 2: 0.93, tibia 3: 0.82, tibia 4: 1.23; tibia 1 L/d: 11; diameters of leg femora 0.19–0.20, of leg tibiae 0.11.
COLOUR (in ethanol). Prosoma and legs mostly ochre-yellow, carapace medially with brown mark, legs with distinct dark rings on femora (subdistally) and tibiae (proximally and subdistally); abdomen pale gray with dark internal marks dorsally and laterally; ventrally with light ochre plates in front of gonopore and in front of spinnerets.
BODY. Habitus as in Fig. 73B. Ocular area slightly raised. Carapace with distinct but shallow thoracic groove. Clypeus with sclerotized rim with median notch. Sternum wider than long (0.56/0.46), with pair of very low and indistinct anterior processes near coxae 1. Abdomen globular; gonopore with four epiandrous spigots in two pairs (Fig. 4E); spinnerets as in congeners (Fig. 8C).
CHELICERAE. As in Fig. 90A–B; width 0.34; with strong median frontal apophysis; stridulatory files (Fig. 10E) very fine and poorly visible in dissecting microscope.
PALPS. As in Fig. 88; coxa unmodified; trochanter with rounded ventral protrusion; femur proximally with distinct retrolateral process directed toward distal, with prolateral stridulatory pick (Fig. 12F), distally widened but unmodified; femur-patella joints not shifted toward one side; patella dorsally slightly longer than medially wide; tibia-tarsus joints barely shifted toward retrolateral side; tarsus with small capsulate tarsal organ (Fig. 13D), without dorsal process; procursus (Fig. 89A–C) with short but wide dorsal branch; main branch with light prolateral band, length of distal transparent element 0.13; genital bulb (Fig. 89E–G) with distinct prolateral sclerite on bulbous part, embolus with slender prolateral ridge.
LEGS. Without spines but with longer and slightly stronger hairs ventrally on femora (Fig. 15B); without curved hairs; with several rows of short vertical hairs on tibia 1 (Fig. 16D); retrolateral trichobothrium of tibia 1 at 51%; prolateral trichobothrium absent on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with ~3–4 pseudosegments, distally distinct.
Variation (male)
Dark mark on carapace and dark rings on legs variably distinct, sometimes also ocular area and clypeus dark. Tibia 1 in 12 other males from Guanambi area: 1.20–1.30 (mean 1.24). Males from NE of Marcolino Moura and from S of Contendas do Sincorá have seemingly identical chelicerae but slightly different palps (palpal tibiae slightly thicker: 0.26 vs 0.23; prolateral sclerite on genital bulb proximally narrower, distally wider; dorsal branch of procursus pointed and slightly longer: Fig. 89D; tiny branch subdistally on main branch of procursus slightly more proximal: arrow in Fig. 89D). Tibia 1 in four males from NE of Marcolino Moura and from S of Contendas do Sincorá: 1.23, 1.27, 1.30, 1.33. The species delimitation analysis slightly favors the idea that the sequenced specimen from Guanambi and the specimen from NE of Marcolino Moura are conspecific (Fig. S7). The K2P distance between them was 8.7%.
Female
In general, similar to male (Fig. 73C) but slightly darker and dark marks more distinct; clypeus unmodified, chelicerae without stridulatory files (Fig. 9F); tibia 1 with few vertical hairs; tibia 1 length in 22 females from Guanambi area: 1.13–1.63 (mean 1.40). Epigynum (Fig. 91A) anterior plate oval to trapezoidal, posterior margin almost straight, with wide and shallow anterior pocket; posterior plate short and simple. Internal genitalia (Figs 90C, 91C–D) with pair of narrow and indistinct pore plates posteriorly, with complex system of membranous structures anteriorly.
The females from NE of Marcolino Moura and from near Mucugê may be indistinguishable from those from the Guanambi area (Fig. 91B, E–F). The internal genitalia appear identical except that the distance between pocket and internal folds appears larger (especially in the cleared female from NE of Marcolino Moura); however, this may in part be an artifact of preparation, in part due to slight variation in the shape of the anterior epigynal plate even within localities. Tibia 1 in seven females from NE of Marcolino Moura and from near Mucugê: 1.33–1.57 (mean 1.48).
Distribution
Known from three localities in the Guanambi area in Brazil, Bahia, and from three localities 130–200 km NE of Guanambi (Fig. 74); however, all specimens other than those from the Guanambi area are assigned tentatively.
Natural history
The specimens from N of Guanambi were collected on a bare granite outcrop (Fig. 22D) and in the neighboring woodland on clayish soil. Most specimens were found under stones lying on the bare granite outcrop. The specimens from NE of Marcolino Moura were collected on a bare hillside with rocks and thorny shrubs (caatinga) on clayish soil. The female from near Mucugê was found in shrubland at the base of a large granite outcrop. Seven egg sacs were round but slightly flattened, had diameters of 1.5– 2.4, and egg diameters of 0.52–0.54; the total number of eggs per egg sac was estimated to be ~10–30.
description: Published as part of Huber, Bernhard A., Meng, Guanliang, Král, Jiří, Ávila Herrera, Ivalú M. & Carvalho, Leonardo S., 2024, Diamonds in the rough: Ibotyporanga (Araneae, Pholcidae) spiders in semi-arid Neotropical environments, pp. 1-169 in European Journal of Taxonomy 963 on pages 104-109, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2024.963.2687, http://zenodo.org/record/13963130