cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Keck Deep Fields. I. Observations, Reductions, and the Selection of Faint Star-Forming Galaxies at Redshifts z~4, 3, and 2
Creators: name: Sawicki, Marcin
name: Thompson, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a very deep, R_lim~27, multicolor imaging survey of very faint star-forming galaxies at z~4, z~3, z~2.2, and z~1.7. This survey, carried out on the Keck I telescope, uses the very same UGRI filter system that is employed by the Steidel team to select galaxies at these redshifts, and thus allows us to construct identically-selected, but much fainter, samples. However, our survey reaches ~1.5 mag deeper than the work of Steidel and his group, letting us probe substantially below the characteristic luminosity L* and thus study the properties and redshift evolution of the faint component of the high-z galaxy population. The survey covers 169 square arcminutes in three spatially independent patches on the sky and -- to R
description: To appear in ApJ
CMC surfaces and area-charge inequality for a spheroidal ECD spacetime
Creators: name: Aceña, Andrés
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the spacetime presented by Bonnor \cite{Bonnor98}, whose matter content is a spheroid of electrically counterpoised dust, in the context of the geometrical inequalities between area and charge. We determine numerically the constant mean curvature surfaces that are candidates to be stable isoperimetric surfaces and analyze the relation between area and charge for them, showing that a previously proved inequality is far from being saturated. We also show that the maximal initial data has a cylindrical limit where the minimum of the area-charge relation is attained.
description: 19 pages, 12 figures
Spectral Signatures of Gravitationally Confined Thermonuclear Supernova Explosions
Creators: name: Kasen, Daniel
name: Plewa, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider some of the spectral and polarimetric signatures of the gravitational confined detonation scenario for Type Ia supernova explosions. In this model, material produced by an off-center deflagration (which itself fails to produce the explosion) forms a metal-rich atmosphere above the white dwarf surface. Using hydrodynamical simulations, we show that this atmosphere is compressed and accelerated during the subsequent interaction with the supernova ejecta. This leads ultimately to the formation of a high-velocity pancake of metal-rich material that is geometrically detached from the bulk of the ejecta. When observed at the epochs near maximum light, this absorbing pancake produces a highly blueshifted and polarized calcium IR triplet absorption feature similar to that observed in several Type~Ia supernovae. We discuss the orientation effects present in our model and contrast them to those expected in other supernova explosion models. We propose that a large sample of spectropolarimetric observations can be used to critically evaluate the different theoretical scenarios.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. To appear in ApJ Letters. For higher resolution images and movies see http://panisse.lbl.gov/~dnkasen/gcd.html
Intrahousehold Resource Allocation in Cote D'Ivoire: Social Norms, Separate Accounts and Consumption Choices
Creators: name: Duflo, Esther
name: Udry, Christopher R.
name: Duflo, Esther
name: Udry, Christopher R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: intra-household allocation
subject: insurance
subject: social norms
subject: mental accounts

description: In Cote d'Ivoire, as in much of Africa, husbands and wives farm different crops on separate plots. These different crops are differentially sensitive to particular kinds of rainfall shocks. We find that conditional on overall household expenditure, the composition of expenditure is sensitive to the gender of the recipient of a rainfall shock. For example, rainfall shocks associated with high women's income shift expenditure towards food. Social norms constrain the use of profits from yam cultivation, which is carried out by men. Correspondingly, we find that rainfall-induced fluctuations in income from yams are transmitted to expenditures on education and food, not to expenditures on private goods. We reject the hypothesis of complete insurance within households, even with respect to publicly observable weather shocks. Different sources of income are allocated to different uses depending upon both the identity of the income earner and upon the origin of the income.
Additional file 6 of Spatial and temporal variations in depositional systems in the Kazusa Group: insights into the origins of deep-water massive sandstones in a Pleistocene forearc basin on the Boso Peninsula, Japan
Creators: name: Takao, Akihiko
name: Nakamura, Keisuke
name: Takaoka, Shinichi
name: Fuse, Masaya
name: Oda, Yohei
name: Shimano, Yasushi
name: Nishida, Naohisa
name: Ito, Makoto
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Additional file 6: Figure S6. Outcrop photographs of the lithofacies types summarized in Table 1. Solid white and black arrows indicate the base and top of each sandstone bed, respectively. a Very thick-bedded, ungraded and convoluted, medium-grained sandstone bed of the Umegase Formation (Type 1). b Very thick-bedded, ungraded and convoluted sandstone bed, with minor normal grading in the uppermost 10 cm of the Umegase Formation (Type 2). c Climbing-ripple-laminated, fine- to very fine-grained sandstone bed with inverse and normal grading of the Kokumoto Formation (Type 3). d Type 4 sandstone bed with alternating parallel laminations and current-ripple cross-laminations of the Kokumoto Formation. e Medium-bedded, ungraded, medium- to fine-grained sandstone bed of the Umegase Formation (Type 5). f Normally graded sandstone bed with parallel laminations with lignite (L) and current-ripple cross-laminations in the uppermost 3 cm of the Umegase Formation (Type 6).
Spin magnetometry as a probe of stripe superconductivity in twisted bilayer graphene
Creators: name: König, E. J.
name: Coleman, Piers
name: Tsvelik, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of alternating superconducting and insulating ground-states in magic angle graphene has suggested an intriguing analogy with cuprate high-$T_c$ materials. Here we argue that the network states of small angle twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) afford a further perspective on the cuprates by emulating their stripe-ordered phases, as in La$_{1.875}$Ba$_{0.125}$CuO$_4$. We show that the spin and valley quantum numbers of stripes in TBG graphene fractionalize, developing characteristic signatures in the tunneling density of states and the magnetic noise spectrum of impurity spins. By examining the coupling between the charge rivers we determine the superconducting transition temperature. Our study suggests that magic angle graphene can be used for a controlled emulation of stripe superconductivity and quantum sensing experiments of emergent anyonic excitations.
description: 5 pages + Appendix. Two Figures
Signatures of fractional statistics in noise experiments in quantum Hall fluids
Creators: name: Kim, Eun-Ah
name: Lawler, Michael
name: Vishveshwara, Smitha
name: Fradkin, Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The elementary excitations of fractional quantum Hall (FQH) fluids are vortices with fractional statistics. Yet, this fundamental prediction has remained an open experimental challenge. Here we show that the cross current noise in a three-terminal tunneling experiment of a two dimensional electron gas in the FQH regime can be used to detect directly the statistical angle of the excitations of these topological quantum fluids. We show that the noise also reveals signatures of exclusion statistics and of fractional charge. The vortices of Laughlin states should exhibit a ``bunching'' effect, while for higher states in the Jain sequences they should exhibit an ``anti-bunching'' effect.
description: 4 pages 1 table, 3 figures; edited manuscript; some references added
Women's Labor Force Participation During and After Communism: A Study of the Czech Republic and Slovakia
Creators: name: Chase, Robert S.
name: Chase, Robert S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital

description: This research uses four micro-data sets to examine differences in married women's labor force participation between Communist and post- Communist Czech Republic and Slovakia. Descriptive statistics show that participation has dropped in both regions following the regime change, particularly for young women. To explain this phenomenon, one hypothesis is that own and spouse wage elasticities of participation are the same during and after Communism and the behavior change results from different offered wages. An alternative hypothesis is that wage elasticities changed. We expect higher elasticities in the regime which offers a broader set of options to families making time allocation decisions. Rejecting the hypothesis that elasticities are unchanged, the analysis uses probits stratified by age to examine own and spouse earnings effects on participation. While own earnings effects rose after Communism in Slovakia, they dropped in the Czech Republic, suggesting that constraints on married women's participation decisions have increased there. Although earnings affect participation less after Communism, children have an increased effect, particularly for young women in the Czech Republic.
The Ne/O abundance ratio in the quiet Sun
Creators: name: Young, P. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: To determine the neon-to-oxygen abundance in the quiet Sun, a proxy for the photospheric abundance ratio. Method: An emission measure method applied to extreme ultraviolet emission lines of Ne IV-VI and O III-V ions observed by the Coronal Diagnostic Spectrometer on the SOHO satellite. Results: The average Ne/O abundance ratio in supergranule cell centre regions is 0.18 +/- 0.05, while in supergranule network regions is 0.16 +/- 0.04. A photospheric Ne/O ratio of 0.17 +/- 0.05 is suggested, in good agreement with the most recent compilation of solar photospheric abundances, but discrepant with a recent Ne/O ratio derived from stellar X-ray spectra and revised neon abundances suggested from solar interior models.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, submitted to A&A letters
Abnormal hippocampal synaptic connectivity in schizophrenia
Creators: name: Young, Clint Ernest
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The thesis was designed to address three major questions about the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. First, given findings of abnormal organisation of layer II and III neurons of the schizophrenic entorhinal hippocampus, would the perforant pathway ERC→hippocampal circuitry be altered? The investigation began by using improved methods of nonfluorescent immunocolocalisation and quantitative immunohistochemistry to assess the distribution and amount of presynaptic protein immunoreactivity [ir] (synaptophysin and SNAP-25; markers of synaptic density) in schizophrenia with normal controls. The perforant pathway termination zones in schizophrenia showed unchanged amounts of synaptophysin (an indirect indicator of synapses globally) and decreased amounts of SNAP-25 (enriched in a subset of synapses), suggesting that (a subset of) circuits from the entorhinal cortex to the hippocampus may be disconnected in schizophrenia. Second, given findings suggesting abnormal development in schizophrenia, would specific regions of the dentate gyrus (which have a different developmental profile) have altered circuitry in schizophrenia? Using optimised immunohistochemical image analysis of presynaptic proteins, schizophrenia showed that the number of terminals (as assessed by fractional area of immunostaining) was similarly increased for both limbs as gauged by synaptophysin ir and was more prominently reduced in the (later forming) internal limb than the (earlier forming) external limb of the dentate gyrus with SNAP-25 ir, which is consistent with the notion that schizophrenia may be a prenatal defect at 39-40 weeks gestational age (or earlier) when the two limbs should be identical - although differential postnatal properties between the limbs is also plausible. Thirdly, given that most schizophrenics are exposed to antipsychotic drugs (APDs), could the changes in presynaptic proteins seen here in schizophrenia be attributed to APD treatment? Using an approach to immunohistochemical image analysis parallel to the studies of schizophrenia, we studied presynaptic proteins (synaptophysin and SNAP-25) in rats exposed to typical APDs (haloperidol, chlorpromazine, and trifluperazine). Analysis of the ERC→hippocampal circuit after APD exposure generally revealed changes in presynaptic protein different in distribution and amount from that seen in schizophrenia. The results of this thesis indicate that schizophrenia may be a defect that results in aberrant synaptic reorganisation possibly arising from a prenatal developmental problem or from postnatal influences.
Competition In or For the Field: Which Is Better?
Creators: name: Engel, Eduardo M.R.A.
name: Fischer, Ronald
name: Galetovic, Alexander
name: Engel, Eduardo M.R.A.
name: Fischer, Ronald
name: Galetovic, Alexander
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Demsetz auction
subject: double marginalization
subject: franchising
subject: joint vs. separate auctions
subject: monopoly
subject: procurement
subject: dealerships
subject: royalty contracts

description: In many circumstances, a principal, who wants prices to be as low as possible, must contract with agents who would like to charge the monopoly price. This paper compares a Demsetz auction, which awards an exclusive contract to the agent bidding the lowest price (competition for the field) with having two agents provide the good under (imperfectly) competitive conditions (competition in the field). We obtain a simple sufficient condition showing unambiguously which option is best. The condition depends only on the shapes of the surplus function of the principal and the profit function of agents, and is independent of the particular duopoly game played ex post. We apply this condition to three canonical examples-procurement, royalty contracts and dealerships-and find that whenever marginal revenue for the final good is decreasing in the quantity sold, a Demsetz auction is best. Moreover, a planner who wants to maximize social surplus also prefers a Demsetz auction.
title: Economic Geographies of Globalization
title: Contemporary Challenges and Local Responses
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: Οικονομικές Γεωγραφίες της Παγκοσμιοποίησης.
title: Σύγχρονες Προκλήσεις και Τοπικές Αποκρίσεις
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Skordili, Sophia
name: Kalogeresis, Athanasios
name: Tsampra, Maria
Publisher: name: Kallipos, Open Academic Editions
Year: 2024
Subjects: Παγκοσμιοποίηση
Globalization
Αποπαγκοσμιοποίηση
Deglobalization
Γεωγραφική διαφοροποίηση
Geographical differentiation
Παγκόσμιες πόλεις
Global cities
Παγκόσμια δίκτυα / αλυσίδες
Global networks / chains
Ξένες Άμεσες Επενδύσεις
Foreign Direct Investments
Απόσυρση από ξένες αγορές
Withdraw from foreign markets
Ψηφιακή οικονομία
Digital economy
Τεχνολογικός μετασχηματισμός
Technological transformation
Καινοτομική επιχειρηματικότητα
Innovative entrepreneurship
Γεωγραφία της Αγροδιατροφής
Geography of Agri-food

description: Η προτεινόμενη μονογραφία επιχειρεί να καλύψει ένα υπαρκτό κενό της εγχώριας βιβλιογραφίας στη θεματική της οικονομικής παγκοσμιοποίησης. Εξετάζει κριτικά κεντρικά ζητήματα ...
description: Η προτεινόμενη μονογραφία επιχειρεί να καλύψει ένα υπαρκτό κενό της εγχώριας βιβλιογραφίας στη θεματική της οικονομικής παγκοσμιοποίησης. Εξετάζει κριτικά κεντρικά ζητήματα ...
Diffusion Processes on Power-Law Small-World Networks
Creators: name: Kozma, Balázs
name: Hastings, Matthew B.
name: Korniss, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider diffusion processes on power-law small-world networks in different dimensions. In one dimension, we find a rich phase diagram, with different transient and recurrent phases, including a critical line with continuously varying exponents. The results were obtained using self-consistent perturbation theory and can also be understood in terms of a scaling theory, which provides a general framework for understanding processes on small-world networks with different distributions of long-range links.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, added references, modified Fig. 2 with added data (PRL, in press)
Additional file 2 of Dietary habits associated with growth development of children aged
Creators: name: Mank, Isabel
name: Vandormael, Alain
name: Issouf Traoré
name: Windpanga Aristide Ouédraogo
name: Sauerborn, Rainer
name: Danquah, Ina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2:. Figure 1 Scree plot of eigenvalues after factor analysis to derive dietary patterns.
Supplier Relations and the Market Context: A Theory of Handshakes
Creators: name: McLaren, John
name: McLaren, John
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Japan-US comparisons
subject: subcontracting
subject: cooperative innovation

description: This paper provides an economic theory of the degree of formality in industrial procurement. The argument is based on a tension between two procurement goals: imposing cost discipline on the supplier, and creating the conditions for cooperative innovation. In this model, a contract can solve the cost discipline problem, but only by discouraging cooperation; a less formal arrangement provides cooperation but poor discipline. The attractiveness of contracts is smaller, the less vertically integrated the industry, because a thick market for inputs provides its own discipline incentives even without a contract. Thus, in highly integrated industries, contracts are used, while in less integrated industries business is done on handshakes. This theory of the role of market context roughly fits some stylized facts and international comparisons, and may be a useful complement to some sociological approaches.
The Determinants of the Global Digital Divide: A Cross-Country Analysis of Computer and Internet Penetration
Creators: name: Chinn, Menzie D.
name: Fairlie, Robert W.
name: Chinn, Menzie D.
name: Fairlie, Robert W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: computers
subject: Internet
subject: digital divide
subject: infrastructure
subject: pricing
subject: regulation

description: To identify the determinants of cross-country disparities in personal computer and Internet penetration, we examine a panel of 161 countries over the 1999-2001 period. Our candidate variables include economic variables (income per capita, years of schooling, illiteracy, trade openness), demographic variables (youth and aged dependency ratios, urbanization rate), infrastructure indicators (telephone density, electricity consumption), telecommunications pricing measures, and regulatory quality. With the exception of trade openness and the telecom pricing measures, these variables enter in as statistically significant in most specifications for computer use. A similar pattern holds true for Internet use, except that telephone density and aged dependency matter less. The global digital divide is mainly - but by no means entirely - accounted for by income differentials. For computers, telephone density and regulatory quality are of second and third importance, while for the Internet, this ordering is reversed. The region-specific explanations for large disparities in computer and Internet penetration are generally very similar. Our results suggest that public investment in human capital, telecommunications infrastructure, and the regulatory infrastructure can mitigate the gap in PC and Internet use.
Universal criterion for black hole stability
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Ashok
name: Majumdar, Parthasarathi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that a non-rotating macroscopic black hole with very large horizon area can remain in stable thermal equilibrium with Hawking radiation provided {\it its mass, as a function of horizon area, exceeds its microcanonical entropy, i.e., its entropy when isolated, without thermal radiation or accretion, and having a constant horizon area} (in appropriate units). The analysis does not use properties of specific classical spacetimes, but depends only on the plausible assumption that the mass is a function of the horizon area for large areas.
description: 6 pages Latex, no figures; an equation added
Electrical Conductivity of Saturated Fine-Grained Soils: Modelling and Soil Classification Applications
Creators: name: MD Farhad Hasan
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 90501 Civil Geotechnical Engineering
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: A thesis submitted in total fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the Department of Civil Engineering, School of Engineering and Mathematical Science, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia.
On Supergravity Solutions of Branes in Melvin Universes
Creators: name: Alishahiha, Mohsen
name: Safarzadeh, Batool
name: Yavartanoo, Hossein
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study supergravity solutions of type II branes wrapping a Melvin universe. These solutions provide the gravity description of non-commutative field theories with non-constant non-commutative parameter. Typically these theories are non-supersymmetric, though they exhibit some feature of their corresponding supersymmetric theories. An interesting feature of these non-commutative theories is that there is a critical length in the theory in which for distances larger than this length the effects of non-commutativity become important and for smaller distances these effects are negligible. Therefore we would expect to see this kind of non-commutativity in large distances which might be relevant in cosmology. We also study M5-brane wrapping on 11-dimensional Melvin universe and its descendant theories upon compactifying on a circle.
description: 25 pages, latex file; v2: typos corrected, Refs. added
Additional file 3 of Dietary habits associated with growth development of children aged
Creators: name: Mank, Isabel
name: Vandormael, Alain
name: Issouf Traoré
name: Windpanga Aristide Ouédraogo
name: Sauerborn, Rainer
name: Danquah, Ina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Table 2 Rotated factor loadings of food items for the four identified dietary pattern scores among children aged
Collisional dissipation of Alfvén waves in a partially ionised solar chromosphere
Creators: name: leake, J. E.
name: Arber, T. D.
name: Khodachenko, M. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Certain regions of the solar atmosphere are at sufficiently low temperatures to be only partially ionised. The lower chromosphere contains neutral atoms, the existence of which greatly increases the efficiency of the damping of waves due to collisional friction momentum transfer. More specifically the Cowling conductivity can be up to 12 orders of magnitude smaller than the Spitzer value, so that the main damping mechanism in this region is due to the collisions between neutrals and positive ions. Using values for the gas density and temperature as functions of height taken from the VAL C model of the quiet Sun, an estimate is made for the dependance of the Cowling conductivity on height and strength of magnetic field. Using both analytic and numerical approaches the passage of Alfven waves over a wide spectrum through this partially ionised region is investigated. Estimates of the efficiency of this region in the damping of Alfven waves are made and compared for both approaches. We find that Alfven waves with frequencies above 0.6Hz are completely damped and frequencies below 0.01 Hz unaffected.
description: accepted in A&A, 11 pages 12 figures
Casimir buoyancy
Creators: name: Jaffe, R. L.
name: Scardicchio, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Casimir force on a single surface immersed in an inhomogeneous medium. Specifically we study the vacuum fluctuations of a scalar field with a spatially varying squared mass, $m^{2}+λΔ(x-a)+V(x)$, where $V$ is a smooth potential and $Δ(x)$ is a unit-area function sharply peaked around $x=0$. $Δ(x-a)$ represents a semi-penetrable thin plate placed at $x=a$. In the limits $\{Δ(x-a)\toδ(x-a), λ\to\infty \}$ the scalar field obeys a Dirichlet boundary condition, $ϕ=0$, at $x=a$. We formulate the problem in general and solve it in several approximations and specific cases. In all the cases we have studied we find that the Casimir force on the plate points in the direction opposite to the force on the quanta of $ϕ$: it pushes the plate toward higher potential, hence our use of the term buoyancy. We investigate Casimir buoyancy for weak, reflectionless, or smooth $V(x)$, and for several explicitly solvable examples. In the semiclassical approximation, which seems to be quite useful and accurate, the Casimir buoyancy is a local function of $V(a)$. We extend our analysis to the analogous problem in $n$-dimensions with $n-1$ translational symmetries, where Casimir divergences become more severe. We also extend the analysis to non-zero temperatures.
description: 32 pages, 8 figures. Published version
Demographic Determinants of Savings: Estimating and Interpreting the Aggregate Association in Asia
Creators: name: Schultz, T. Paul
name: Schultz, T. Paul
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: life cycle savings
subject: aging
subject: Asian growth
subject: demographic transition

description: Life cycle savings is proposed as one explanation for much of the increase in savings and economic growth in Asia. The association between the age composition of a nation's population and its savings rate, observed within 16 Asian countries from 1952 to 1992, is reestimated here to be less than a quarter the size reported in a seminal study, which assumed lagged savings is exogenous. Specification tests as well as common sense imply, moreover, that lagged savings is likely to be endogenous, and when estimated accordingly there remains no significant dependence of savings on the age composition, measured in several ways. Research should consider lifetime savings as a substitute for children, and model the causes for the decline in fertility which changes the age compositions and could thereby account for savings and growth in Asia.
Bifurcation scenario to Nikolaevskii turbulence in small systems
Creators: name: Tanaka, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the chaos in Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation occurs through period-doubling cascade (Feigenbaum scenario), in contrast, the chaos in Nikolaevskii equation occurs through torus-doubling bifurcation (Ruelle-Takens-Newhouse scenario).
description: 8pages, 9figures
Arthur Lewis' Contribution to Development Thinking and Policy
Creators: name: Ranis, Gustav
name: Ranis, Gustav
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: development theory
subject: dualism
subject: labor markets

description: Arthur Lewis' seminal 1954 paper and its emphasis on dualism appeared at a time when neither the work of Keynes or Harrod-Domar nor the later neoclassical production function of Solow seemed relevant for developing countries. As a consequence, his model, rooted in the classical tradition, plus its many extensions, generated an extensive literature at the center of development theory. The approach also encountered increasingly strong criticism, some of the "red herring" variety, but some, spearheaded by neoclassical microeconomists like Rosenzweig, also raised serious challenges, focused especially on its labor market assumptions. This paper reviews this landscape and asks what theoretical or policy relevance the Lewis model retains for today's developing countries.
Additional file 5 of Spatial and temporal variations in depositional systems in the Kazusa Group: insights into the origins of deep-water massive sandstones in a Pleistocene forearc basin on the Boso Peninsula, Japan
Creators: name: Takao, Akihiko
name: Nakamura, Keisuke
name: Takaoka, Shinichi
name: Fuse, Masaya
name: Oda, Yohei
name: Shimano, Yasushi
name: Nishida, Naohisa
name: Ito, Makoto
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Additional file 5: Figure S5. Outcrop photographs of the Nagahama Formation. a Gently undulating waveforms and foreset bedding in conglomerates and overlying pebbly sandstones in the basal part of the Nagahama Formation (Tsukuriki, Kimitsu City). Solid and dotted red lines indicates an unconformable contact. b Trough cross-bedded conglomerates in the basal part of the Nagahama Formation (Sasage, Futtsu City). The solid red line indicates an unconformable contact. c Lithofacies succession from the Ichijiku to the Nagahama and the upper Mandano formations (Manobori, Kimitsu City). A person is circled for scale.
Tying Odysseus to the Mast: Evidence from a Commitment Savings Product in the Philippines
Creators: name: Ashraf, Nava
name: Karlan, Dean S.
name: Yin, Wesley
name: Ashraf, Nava
name: Karlan, Dean S.
name: Yin, Wesley
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: savings
subject: commitment
subject: hyperbolic preferences
subject: microfinance
subject: development economics
subject: program evaluation
subject: field experiment
subject: self-control

description: We designed a commitment savings product for a Philippine bank and implemented it using a randomized control methodology. The savings product was intended for individuals who want to commit now to restrict access to their savings, and who were sophisticated enough to engage in such a mechanism. We conducted a baseline survey on 1777 existing or former clients of a bank. One month later, we offered the commitment product to a randomly chosen subset of 710 clients; 202 (28.4 percent) accepted the offer and opened the account. In the baseline survey, we asked hypothetical time discounting questions. Women who exhibited a lower discount rate for future relative to current tradeoffs, and hence potentially have a preference for commitment, were indeed significantly more likely to open the commitment savings account. After twelve months, average savings balances increased by 81 percentage points for those clients assigned to the treatment group relative to those assigned to the control group. We conclude that the savings response represents a lasting change in savings, and not merely a short-term response to a new product.
Additional file 4 of Dietary habits associated with growth development of children aged
Creators: name: Mank, Isabel
name: Vandormael, Alain
name: Issouf Traoré
name: Windpanga Aristide Ouédraogo
name: Sauerborn, Rainer
name: Danquah, Ina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4:. Table 3 Percentage of 523 children aged
Sieving by large integers and covering systems of congruences
Creators: name: Filaseta, Michael
name: Ford, Kevin
name: Konyagin, Sergei
name: Pomerance, Carl
name: Yu, Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11B25; 11A07; 11N35

description: An old question of Erdos asks if there exists, for each number N, a finite set S of integers greater than N and residue classes r(n) mod n for n in S whose union is all the integers. We prove that if $\sum_{n\in S} 1/n$ is bounded for such a covering of the integers, then the least member of S is also bounded, thus confirming a conjecture of Erdos and Selfridge. We also prove a conjecture of Erdos and Graham, that, for each fixed number K>1, the complement in the integers of any union of residue classes r(n) mod n, for distinct n in (N,KN], has density at least d_K for N sufficiently large. Here d_K is a positive number depending only on K. Either of these new results implies another conjecture of Erdos and Graham, that if S is a finite set of moduli greater than N, with a choice for residue classes r(n) mod n for n in S which covers the integers, then the largest member of S cannot be O(N). We further obtain stronger forms of these results and establish other information, including an improvement of a related theorem of Haight.
description: v3. 28 pages. Minor corrections and notational improvements. Added reference to recent discovery by Gibson of a covering system with least modulus 25. To appear in J. Amer. Math. Soc
Two-Loop Electroweak Logarithms
Creators: name: Jantzen, Bernd
name: Kühn, Johann H.
name: Penin, Alexander A.
name: Smirnov, Vladimir A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the complete analytical result for the two-loop logarithmically enhanced contributions to the high energy asymptotic behavior of the vector form factor and the four-fermion cross section in a spontaneously broken SU(2) gauge model. On the basis of this result we derive the dominant two-loop electroweak corrections to the neutral current four-fermion processes at high energies.
description: LaTeX, 5 pages, 2 figures. Bernd Jantzen was Bernd Feucht in previous publications. v2 & v3: Eqs. (3,4) and numerical results corrected. v4: minor correction (one number) in numerical results, Eq. (5)
Factorization in Break-up and Recombination Processes for Atoms with a Large Scattering Length
Creators: name: Braaten, Eric
name: Zhang, Dongqing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Break-up and recombination processes for loosely-bound molecules composed of atoms with a large scattering length $a$ necessarily involve interactions that are nonperturbative in the exact 2-body interaction. If these processes involve atoms with relative momenta much larger than $\hbar/|a|$, the leading contributions to their rates can be separated into short-distance factors that are insensitive to $a$ and long-distance factors that are insensitive to the range of the interaction. These factorization contributions can be obtained from the leading term in a perturbation expansion in the exact atom-atom scattering amplitude. The short-distance factors are atom-atom cross sections at a lower collision energy. In the special case of inclusive break-up cross sections for atom-molecule scattering, the long-distance factors simply count the number of atoms in the molecule.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Relativistic energy shifts in Ge II, Sn II and Pb II and search for cosmological variation of the fine structure constant
Creators: name: Dzuba, V. A.
name: Flambaum, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sensitivity of atomic transition frequencies to variation of the fine structure constant $α=e^2/\hbar c$ increases proportional to $Z^2$ where $Z$ is the nuclear charge. Recently several lines of heavy ions Ge II, Sn II and Pb II have been detected in quasar absorption spectra. We have performed accurate many-body calculations of $α^2$-dependence of transition frequencies ($q$-coefficients) for these atoms and found an order of magnitude increase in sensitivity in comparison with atomic transitions which were previously used to search for temporal and spatial variation of $α$ in quasar absorption systems. An interesting feature in Pb II is highly non-linear dependence on $α^2$ due to the level pseudo-crossings.
description: 5 pages, 3 tables, 1 figure, submitted to Phys. Rev. A
What Determines Technological Spillovers of Foreign Direct Investment: Evidence from China
Creators: name: Long, Cheryl
name: Hale, Galina
name: Long, Cheryl
name: Hale, Galina
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: International Relations/Trade
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Using the World Bank survey of 1500 firms in five Chinese cities, we study whether the presence of foreign firms produces technology spillovers on domestic firms operating in the same city and industry. We find positive spillovers for more technologically advanced firms and no or negative spillovers for more backward firms. We analyze the channels of such spillovers and find that the transfer of technology occurs through movement of high-skilled workers from FDI firms to domestic firms as well as through network externalities among high-skilled workers. Moreover, these two channels fully account for the spillover effects we find, which demonstrate the importance of well-functioning labor market in facilitating FDI spillovers. Insofar as our results can be generalized to other countries, they reconcile conflicting evidence found in other studies.
Lyapunov spectra of billiards with cylindrical scatterers: comparison with many-particle systems
Creators: name: de Wijn, Astrid S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of a system consisting of many spherical hard particles can be described as a single point particle moving in a high-dimensional space with fixed hypercylindrical scatterers with specific orientations and positions. In this paper, the similarities in the Lyapunov exponents are investigated between systems of many particles and high-dimensional billiards with cylindrical scatterers which have isotropically distributed orientations and homogeneously distributed positions. The dynamics of the isotropic billiard are calculated using a Monte-Carlo simulation, and a reorthogonalization process is used to find the Lyapunov exponents. The results are compared to numerical results for systems of many hard particles as well as the analytical results for the high-dimensional Lorentz gas. The smallest three-quarters of the positive exponents behave more like the exponents of hard-disk systems than the exponents of the Lorentz gas. This similarity shows that the hard-disk systems may be approximated by a spatially homogeneous and isotropic system of scatterers for a calculation of the smaller Lyapunov exponents, apart from the exponent associated with localization. The method of the partial stretching factor is used to calculate these exponents analytically, with results that compare well with simulation results of hard disks and hard spheres.
description: Submitted to PRE
Evaporation induced traversability of the Einstein--Rosen wormhole
Creators: name: Krasnikov, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Suppose, the Universe comes into existence (as classical spacetime) already with an empty spherically symmetric macroscopic wormhole present in it. Classically the wormhole would evolve into a part of the Schwarzschild space and thus would not allow any signal to traverse it. I consider semiclassical corrections to that picture and build a model of an evaporating wormhole. The model is based on the assumption that the vacuum polarization and its backreaction on the geometry of the wormhole are weak. The lack of information about the era preceding the emergence of the wormhole results in appearance of three parameters which -- along with the initial mass -- determine the evolution of the wormhole. For some values of these parameters the wormhole turns out to be long-lived enough to be traversed and to transform into a time machine.
description: v.2 A bit of discussion has been added and a few references v.3 Insignificant changes to match the published version
Analysis of Superconductivity in d-p Model on Basis of Perturbation Theory
Creators: name: Sasaki, Sotaro
name: Ikeda, Hiroaki
name: Yamada, Kosaku
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the mass enhancement factor and the superconducting transition temperature in the d-p model for the high-$\Tc$ cuprates. We solve the Éliashberg equation using the third-order perturbation theory with respect to the on-site Coulomb repulsion $U$. We find that when the energy difference between d-level and p-level is large, the mass enhancement factor becomes large and $\Tc$ tends to be suppressed owing to the difference of the density of state for d-electron at the Fermi level. From another view point, when the energy difference is large, the d-hole number approaches to unity and the electron correlation becomes strong and enhances the effective mass. This behavior for the electron number is the same as that of the f-electron number in the heavy fermion systems. The mass enhancement factor plays an essential role in understanding the difference of $\Tc$ between the LSCO and YBCO systems.
description: 4pages, 9figures, to be published in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn
Additional file 1 of Pathway size matters: the influence of pathway granularity on over-representation (enrichment analysis) statistics
Creators: name: Karp, Peter D.
name: Midford, Peter E.
name: Caspi, Ron
name: Khodursky, Arkady
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1 Supplementary material as a pdf file.
Additional file 1 of Dietary habits associated with growth development of children aged
Creators: name: Mank, Isabel
name: Vandormael, Alain
name: Issouf Traoré
name: Windpanga Aristide Ouédraogo
name: Sauerborn, Rainer
name: Danquah, Ina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1:. Table 1 Overview of food groups and food items.
Additional file 4 of Spatial and temporal variations in depositional systems in the Kazusa Group: insights into the origins of deep-water massive sandstones in a Pleistocene forearc basin on the Boso Peninsula, Japan
Creators: name: Takao, Akihiko
name: Nakamura, Keisuke
name: Takaoka, Shinichi
name: Fuse, Masaya
name: Oda, Yohei
name: Shimano, Yasushi
name: Nishida, Naohisa
name: Ito, Makoto
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Additional file 4: Figure S4.a Lithofacies succession from the lower to the middle and upper parts of the Mandano Formation (Yoshino, Kimitsu City). The basal parts of the middle and upper Mandano Formation show slightly erosional contacts. Ch1 and Ch2 are tephra key beds that are also intercalated in the Chonan Formation (see a and b in Fig S2). b Block sample of muddy deposits of the middle Mandano Formation containing shallow-marine molluscan shells (Minowa, Kimitsu City). c Lithofacies succession from the lower to upper parts of the Mandano Formation (Yoshino, Kimitsu City). Muddy deposits of the middle Mandano Formation were removed by the erosional base of the upper Mandano Formation that is characterized by trough cross-stratification and shows an overall fining-upward pattern. d Shallow-marine molluscan fossils intercalated in trough cross-stratified medium- to very coarse-grained sandstones of the upper Mandano Formation (Yoshino, Kimitsu City).