cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Noi per Genova. The coordination of volunteers in the Genoa flood of 2014 / Noi per Genova. Il coordinamento dei volontari durante l’alluvione di Genova del 2014
Creators: name: Zamarian, Marco
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2022
Subjects: M-PSI/06 Psicologia del lavoro e delle organizzazioni
SECS-P/08 Economia e gestione delle imprese
SECS-P/10 Organizzazione aziendale
SPS/09 Sociologia dei processi economici e del lavoro

description: Volunteers represent a valuable asset during emergencies caused by natural phenomena. A recent flurry of contributions has underscored the capabilities of so-called digital volunteers to provide effective contributions by providing useful information, helping mitigate the damage and supporting the recovery in the aftermath of disasters. Social media have been identified as specific enablers of volunteer work, as they provide a bottom-up coordination tool. We contend that albeit useful for broadcasting information and corroborating other sources of information, the use of social media by a vast network of volunteers cannot substitute for the highly contextual knowledge developed locally on the scene. We explore the issue by analyzing volunteer work – both digital and physical – occurring during the Genoa flood of 2014.
Quantum simulator to emulate lower dimensional molecular structure
Creators: name: Sierda, E.
name: Huang, X.
name: Badrtdinov, D. I.
name: Kiraly, B.
name: Knol, E. J.
name: Groenenboom, G. C.
name: Katsnelson, M. I.
name: Rösner, M.
name: Wegner, D.
name: Khajetoorians, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bottom-up quantum simulators have been developed to quantify the role of various interactions, dimensionality, and structure in creating electronic states of matter. Here, we demonstrated a solid-state quantum simulator emulating molecular orbitals, based solely on positioning individual cesium atoms on an indium antimonide surface. Using scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy, combined with ab initio calculations, we showed that artificial atoms could be made from localized states created from patterned cesium rings. These artificial atoms served as building blocks to realize artificial molecular structures with different orbital symmetries. These corresponding molecular orbitals allowed us to simulate 2D structures reminiscent of well known organic molecules. This platform could further be used to monitor the interplay between atomic structures and the resulting molecular orbital landscape with sub-molecular precision.
Elevated free interleukin-18 associated with severity and mortality in prospective cohort study of 206 hospitalised COVID-19 patients.
Creators: name: Nasser, Syed MT
name: Rana, Anas A
name: Doffinger, Rainer
name: Kafizas, Andreas
name: Khan, Tauseef A
name: Nasser, Shuaib
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: Autoimmunity
Coronavirus
Cytokines
Inflammasomes
Pneumonia
Viral

description: Funder: Cambridge University Hospital Research Trust
description: BACKGROUND: Divergence between deterioration to life-threatening COVID-19 or clinical improvement occurs for most within the first 14 days of symptoms. Life-threatening COVID-19 shares clinical similarities with Macrophage Activation Syndrome, which can be driven by elevated Free Interleukin-18 (IL-18) due to failure of negative-feedback release of IL-18 binding protein (IL-18bp). We, therefore, designed a prospective, longitudinal cohort study to examine IL-18 negative-feedback control in relation to COVID-19 severity and mortality from symptom day 15 onwards. METHODS: 662 blood samples, matched to time from symptom onset, from 206 COVID-19 patients were analysed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for IL-18 and IL-18bp, enabling calculation of free IL-18 (fIL-18) using the updated dissociation constant (Kd) of 0.05 nmol. Adjusted multivariate regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between highest fIL-18 and outcome measures of COVID-19 severity and mortality. Re-calculated fIL-18 values from a previously studied healthy cohort are also presented. RESULTS: Range of fIL-18 in COVID-19 cohort was 10.05-1157.7 pg/ml. Up to symptom day 14, mean fIL-18 levels increased in all patients. Levels in survivors declined thereafter, but remained elevated in non-survivors. Adjusted regression analysis from symptom day 15 onwards showed a 100 mmHg decrease in PaO2/FiO2 (primary outcome) for each 37.7 pg/ml increase in highest fIL-18 (p < 0.03). Per 50 pg/ml increase in highest fIL-18, adjusted logistic regression gave an odds-ratio (OR) for crude 60-day mortality of 1.41 (1.1-2.0) (p < 0.03), and an OR for death with hypoxaemic respiratory failure of 1.90 [1.3-3.1] (p < 0.01). Highest fIL-18 was associated also with organ failure in patients with hypoxaemic respiratory failure, with an increase of 63.67 pg/ml for every additional organ supported (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Elevated free IL-18 levels from symptom day 15 onwards are associated with COVID-19 severity and mortality. ISRCTN: #13450549; registration date: 30/12/2020.
Environmental iodine as a natural iodine intake in humans and environmental pollution index: a scientometric and updated mini review
Creators: name: Hoseinzadeh, Edris
name: Taha, Parisa
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Plant Biology

description: Although almost a third of the world’s population is exposed to iodine deficiency (ID), and supplementation programs such as enriching table salt have been carried out or are being carried out at the global and national level, in many regions of the world, people are facing an increase in iodine intake, which is mainly due to the presence of large amounts of iodine in water, soil, agricultural products, or high consumption of seafood. Published articles were indexed in the Scopus database (from 2000 to 1 April 2023) were reviewed and analyzed by VOSviewer software. The results showed the growing interest of researchers over the last 20 years in environmental iodine intake. The results of this study can have a significant impact on the planning and policy-making of relevant officials and communities to supply the needed iodine.
Dual-color decompositions at one-loop level in Yang-Mills theory
Creators: name: Du, Yi-Jian
name: Feng, Bo
name: Fu, Chih-Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we extend the construction of dual color decomposition in Yang-Mills theory to one-loop level, i.e., we show how to write one-loop integrands in Yang-Mills theory to the dual DDM-form and the dual trace-form. In dual forms, integrands are decomposed in terms of color-ordered one-loop integrands for color scalar theory with proper dual color coefficients.In dual DDM decomposition, The dual color coefficients can be obtained directly from BCJ-form by applying Jacobi-like identities for kinematic factors. In dual trace decomposition, the dual trace factors can be obtained by imposing one-loop KK relations, reflection relation and their relation with the kinematic factors in dual DDM-form.
description: 26 pages,5 figures
Le scienze agrarie a Bologna (e altrove): note storiche tra organizzazione, didattica e ricerca
Creators: name: Casadei, Francesco
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2022
Subjects: AGR/01 Economia ed estimo rurale
AGR/04 Orticoltura e floricoltura
AGR/09 Meccanica agraria
AGR/10 Costruzioni rurali e territorio agroforestale
AGR/11 Entomologia generale e applicata
AGR/13 Chimica agraria

description: Questa raccolta di scritti su “Le scienze agrarie a Bologna (e altrove): note storiche tra organizzazione, didattica e ricerca” è originata dalla collaborazione di Francesco Casadei con la “Newsletter” del Dipartimento di Scienze e tecnologie agro-alimentari (DISTAL) dell’Università di Bologna, nel quadro di una più ampia collaborazione dell’autore con l’Area comunicazione del medesimo Dipartimento. Sono infatti qui raccolti – in forma riveduta e ampliata – gli scritti già pubblicati da Casadei sulla “Newsletter” del DISTAL tra il 2018 e il 2022, aventi come argomento singoli personaggi o specifici temi legati alla vicenda dell’agronomia e delle discipline a essa collegate. Parte di questi testi sono stati redatti con la preziosa collaborazione di docenti del Dipartimento, realizzando così, in diversi casi, un felice incontro multidisciplinare. Arricchiscono il volume la presentazione di Giovanni Molari, rettore dell’Università di Bologna, e l’introduzione di Roberto Balzani, docente di Storia contemporanea nella medesima università.
Measuring the translational and rotational velocity of particles in helical motion using structured light
Creators: name: Rosales-Guzmán, Carmelo
name: Hermosa, Nathaniel
name: Belmonte, Aniceto
name: Torres, Juan P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the rotational and translational velocity components of particles moving in helical motion using the frequency shift they induced to the structured light beam illuminating them. Under Laguerre-Gaussian mode illumination, a particle with a helical motion reflects light that acquires an additional frequency shift proportional to the angular velocity of rotation in the transverse plane, on top of the usual frequency shift due to the longitudinal motion. We determined both the translational and rotational velocities of the particles by switching between two modes: by illuminating with a Gaussian beam, we can isolate the longitudinal frequency shift; and by using a Laguerre-Gaussian mode, the frequency shift due to the rotation can be determined. Our technique can be used to characterize the motility of microorganisms with a full three-dimensional movement.
description: 5 pages,5 figures
Mutual Benefit Overview
Creators: name: RiverOfLife Martuwarra
name: Poelina, Anne
name: Samnakay, Nadeem
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111701 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110403 Traditional Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Medicine and Treatments
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 130301 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: 160501 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 180101 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: 210301 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander History
subject: FOS: History and archaeology
subject: 200201 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Cultural Studies
subject: FOS: Other humanities
subject: 80701 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Knowledge Management
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: 169902 Studies of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Society
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 200501 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Literature
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: 210101 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Archaeology
subject: 200319 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Languages
subject: 190401 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Performing Arts
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)
subject: 50201 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Environmental Knowledge
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 80601 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Information and Knowledge Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An overview of the mutual benefits that stakeholders share in the reciprocal connection with the Martuwarra Fitzroy River Council - November 2020 version.
Amyloidogenic proteins in the SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 proteomes.
Creators: name: Bhardwaj, Taniya
name: Gadhave, Kundlik
name: Kapuganti, Shivani K
name: Kumar, Prateek
name: Brotzakis, Zacharias Faidon
name: Saumya, Kumar Udit
name: Nayak, Namyashree
name: Kumar, Ankur
name: Joshi, Richa
name: Mukherjee, Bodhidipra
name: Bhardwaj, Aparna
name: Thakur, Krishan Gopal
name: Garg, Neha
name: Vendruscolo, Michele
name: Giri, Rajanish
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: Humans
Animals
Amyloidogenic Proteins
Proteome
SARS-CoV-2
Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
COVID-19
Mammals

description: Funder: IYBA Award, DBT, India (Grant Number: BT/11/IYBA/2018/06); MHRD-SPARC (SPARC/2018-2019/P37/SL); SERB, India (Grant Number: CRG/2019/005603); ICMR (Grant numbers: 58/6/2020/PHA/BMS, 52/04/2020/BIO/BMS).
description: The phenomenon of protein aggregation is associated with a wide range of human diseases. Our knowledge of the aggregation behaviour of viral proteins, however, is still rather limited. Here, we investigated this behaviour in the SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 proteomes. An initial analysis using a panel of sequence-based predictors suggested the presence of multiple aggregation-prone regions (APRs) in these proteomes and revealed a strong aggregation propensity in some SARS-CoV-2 proteins. We then studied the in vitro aggregation of predicted aggregation-prone SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 proteins and protein regions, including the signal sequence peptide and fusion peptides 1 and 2 of the spike protein, a peptide from the NSP6 protein, and the ORF10 and NSP11 proteins. Our results show that these peptides and proteins can form amyloid aggregates. We used circular dichroism spectroscopy to reveal the presence of β-sheet rich cores in aggregates and X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy to confirm the formation of amyloid structures. Furthermore, we demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 NSP11 aggregates are toxic to mammalian cell cultures. These results motivate further studies about the possible role of aggregation of SARS proteins in protein misfolding diseases and other human conditions.
Hierarchical Approach for Joint Semantic, Plant Instance, and Leaf Instance Segmentation in the Agricultural Domain
Creators: name: Roggiolani, Gianmarco
name: Sodano, Matteo
name: Guadagnino, Tiziano
name: Magistri, Federico
name: Behley, Jens
name: Stachniss, Cyrill
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Plant phenotyping is a central task in agriculture, as it describes plants' growth stage, development, and other relevant quantities. Robots can help automate this process by accurately estimating plant traits such as the number of leaves, leaf area, and the plant size. In this paper, we address the problem of joint semantic, plant instance, and leaf instance segmentation of crop fields from RGB data. We propose a single convolutional neural network that addresses the three tasks simultaneously, exploiting their underlying hierarchical structure. We introduce task-specific skip connections, which our experimental evaluation proves to be more beneficial than the usual schemes. We also propose a novel automatic post-processing, which explicitly addresses the problem of spatially close instances, common in the agricultural domain because of overlapping leaves. Our architecture simultaneously tackles these problems jointly in the agricultural context. Previous works either focus on plant or leaf segmentation, or do not optimise for semantic segmentation. Results show that our system has superior performance compared to state-of-the-art approaches, while having a reduced number of parameters and is operating at camera frame rate.
description: 6+1 pages, published to the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA) 2023
Channel Selection for Network-assisted D2D Communication via No-Regret Bandit Learning with Calibrated Forecasting
Creators: name: Maghsudi, Setareh
name: Stanczak, Slawomir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the distributed channel selection problem in the context of device-to-device (D2D) communication as an underlay to a cellular network. Underlaid D2D users communicate directly by utilizing the cellular spectrum but their decisions are not governed by any centralized controller. Selfish D2D users that compete for access to the resources construct a distributed system, where the transmission performance depends on channel availability and quality. This information, however, is difficult to acquire. Moreover, the adverse effects of D2D users on cellular transmissions should be minimized. In order to overcome these limitations, we propose a network-assisted distributed channel selection approach in which D2D users are only allowed to use vacant cellular channels. This scenario is modeled as a multi-player multi-armed bandit game with side information, for which a distributed algorithmic solution is proposed. The solution is a combination of no-regret learning and calibrated forecasting, and can be applied to a broad class of multi-player stochastic learning problems, in addition to the formulated channel selection problem. Analytically, it is established that this approach not only yields vanishing regret (in comparison to the global optimal solution), but also guarantees that the empirical joint frequencies of the game converge to the set of correlated equilibria.
description: 31 pages (one column), 9 figures
Goal-Directed Rehabilitation Versus Standard Care for Individuals with Hereditary Cerebellar Ataxia: A Multicenter, Single-Blind, Randomized Controlled Superiority Trial.
Creators: name: Milne, Sarah
name: Roberts, Melissa
name: Williams, Shannon
name: Chua, Jillian
name: Grootendorst, Alison C
name: Agostinelli, Genevieve
name: Grobler, Anneke
name: Ross, Hannah L
name: Robinson, Amy
name: Grove, Kristen
name: Modderman, Gabrielle
name: Price, Annabel
name: Thomson, Megan
name: Massey, Libby
name: Liang, Christina
name: Kumar, Kishore R
name: Dalziel, Kim
name: Burns, Joshua
name: Sue, Carolyn M
name: Pathirana, Pubudu
name: Horne, Malcolm
name: Gelfard, Nikki
name: Curd, Helen
name: Szmulewicz, David
name: Corben, Louise
name: Delatycki, Martin
Publisher: name: Murdoch Childrens Research Institute
Year: 2025
Subjects: Health Sciences

description: OBJECTIVE: Rehabilitation is thought to reduce ataxia severity in individuals with hereditary cerebellar ataxia (HCA). This multicenter, randomized controlled superiority trial aimed to examine the efficacy of a 30-week goal-directed rehabilitation program compared with 30 weeks of standard care on function, ataxia, health-related quality of life, and balance in individuals with an HCA. METHODS: Individuals with an autosomal dominant or recessive ataxia (aged ≥15 years) were enrolled at 5 sites in Australia. Participants were randomized (1:1) to receive rehabilitation (6 weeks of outpatient physiotherapy followed by a 24-week home exercise program) (n = 39) or continued their usual activity (n = 37). The primary outcome measure was the motor domain of the Functional Independence Measure (mFIM) at 7 weeks. Secondary outcomes included the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA) and the SF-36v2, assessed at 7, 18, and 30 weeks. Outcome assessors were blinded to treatment allocation. RESULTS: Seventy-one participants (rehabilitation, 37; standard-care, 34) were included in the intention-to-treat analysis. At 7 weeks, mFIM (mean difference 2.26, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.26 to 4.26, p = 0.028) and SARA (-1.21, 95% CI: -2.32 to -0.11, p = 0.032) scores improved after rehabilitation compared with standard care. Compared with standard care, rehabilitation improved SARA scores at 30 weeks (mean difference -1.51, 95% CI: -2.76 to -0.27, p = 0.017), but not mFIM scores (1.74, 95% CI: -0.32 to 3.81, p = 0.098). Frequent adverse events in both groups were fatigue, pain, and falls. INTERPRETATION: Goal-directed rehabilitation improved function at 7 weeks, with improvement in ataxia and health-related quality of life maintained at 30 weeks in individuals with HCA, beyond that of standard care. ANN NEUROL 2024.
Strongly coupled magnons and cavity microwave photons
Creators: name: Zhang, Xufeng
name: Zou, Chang-Ling
name: Jiang, Liang
name: Tang, Hong X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We realize a cavity magnon-microwave photon system in which magnetic dipole interaction mediates strong coupling between collective motion of large number of spins in a ferrimagnet and the microwave field in a three-dimensional cavity. By scaling down the cavity size and increasing number of spins, an ultrastrong coupling regime is achieved with a cooperativity reaching 12600. Interesting dynamic features including classical Rabi oscillation, magnetically induced transparency, and Purcell effect are demonstrated in this highly versatile platform, highlighting its great potential for coherent information processing.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Climate-induced range shifts drive adaptive response via spatio-temporal sieving of alleles.
Creators: name: Luqman, Hirzi
name: Wegmann, Daniel
name: Fior, Simone
name: Widmer, Alex
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: Humans
Genetic Variation
Alleles
Ecosystem
Biological Evolution
Acclimatization
Climate Change

description: Quaternary climate fluctuations drove many species to shift their geographic ranges, in turn shaping their genetic structures. Recently, it has been argued that adaptation may have accompanied species range shifts via the "sieving" of genotypes during colonisation and establishment. However, this has not been directly demonstrated, and knowledge remains limited on how different evolutionary forces, which are typically investigated separately, interacted to jointly mediate species responses to past climatic change. Here, through whole-genome re-sequencing of over 1200 individuals of the carnation Dianthus sylvestris coupled with integrated population genomic and gene-environment models, we reconstruct the past neutral and adaptive landscape of this species as it was shaped by the Quaternary glacial cycles. We show that adaptive responses emerged concomitantly with the post-glacial range shifts and expansions of this species in the last 20 thousand years. This was due to the heterogenous sieving of adaptive alleles across space and time, as populations expanded out of restrictive glacial refugia into the broader and more heterogeneous range of habitats available in the present-day inter-glacial. Our findings reveal a tightly-linked interplay of migration and adaptation under past climate-induced range shifts, which we show is key to understanding the spatial patterns of adaptive variation we see in species today.
Martuwarra Council Partnership Prospectus
Creators: name: RiverOfLife Martuwarra
name: Poelina, Anne
name: Hayes, Alexander
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111701 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110403 Traditional Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Medicine and Treatments
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 130301 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: 160501 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 180101 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: 210301 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander History
subject: FOS: History and archaeology
subject: 200201 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Cultural Studies
subject: FOS: Other humanities
subject: 80701 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Knowledge Management
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: 169902 Studies of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Society
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 200501 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Literature
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: 210101 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Archaeology
subject: 200319 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Languages
subject: 190401 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Performing Arts
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)
subject: 50201 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Environmental Knowledge
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 80601 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Information and Knowledge Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A public invitation for research partnerships, association and connection with the Martuwarra Fitzroy River Council a charitable corporation helping grow autonomy and research with Aboriginal people in Australia.
Agrypnus saltatus Vats and Kashyap 1992
Creators: name: Kotru, Akash
name: Chandran, Nithya
name: Dubey, Anil Kumar
name: Prosvirov, Alexander S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Elateridae
Agrypnus
Agrypnus saltatus

description: Agrypnus saltatus Vats and Kashyap, 1992
Agrypnus saltatus Vats and Kashyap, 1992: 138.
Type depository. Holotype (NPC-IARI).
Type locality. Uttarakhand (Ranikhet).
Distribution. India: Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh (Chakraborty, Chakrabarti, 2000).
Literature. Vats and Kashyap (1992: 138): original description; Chakraborty and Chakrabarti (2000: 78): catalogue.
description: Published as part of Kotru, Akash, Chandran, Nithya, Dubey, Anil Kumar & Prosvirov, Alexander S., 2025, A catalogue of Indian Agrypninae Candèze, 1857 (Coleoptera: Elateridae), pp. 1-66 in Zootaxa 5614 (1) on pages 22-23, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5614.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/15217075
Statistical inference based on robust low-rank data matrix approximation
Creators: name: Feng, Xingdong
name: He, Xuming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The singular value decomposition is widely used to approximate data matrices with lower rank matrices. Feng and He [Ann. Appl. Stat. 3 (2009) 1634-1654] developed tests on dimensionality of the mean structure of a data matrix based on the singular value decomposition. However, the first singular values and vectors can be driven by a small number of outlying measurements. In this paper, we consider a robust alternative that moderates the effect of outliers in low-rank approximations. Under the assumption of random row effects, we provide the asymptotic representations of the robust low-rank approximation. These representations may be used in testing the adequacy of a low-rank approximation. We use oligonucleotide gene microarray data to demonstrate how robust singular value decomposition compares with the its traditional counterparts. Examples show that the robust methods often lead to a more meaningful assessment of the dimensionality of gene intensity data matrices.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/13-AOS1186 the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Quantitative biomechanical assessment of locomotor capabilities of the stem archosaur Euparkeria capensis
Creators: name: Demuth, Oliver
name: Wiseman, Ashleigh
name: Hutchinson, John R
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: Archosauria
bipedalism
locomotion
musculoskeletal modelling

description: Birds and crocodylians are the only remaining members of Archosauria (ruling reptiles) and they exhibit major differences in posture and gait, which are polar opposites in terms of locomotor strategies. Their broader lineages (Avemetatarsalia and Pseudosuchia) evolved a multitude of locomotor modes in the Triassic and Jurassic Periods, including several occurrences of bipedalism. The exact timings and frequencies of bipedal origins within archosaurs, and thus their ancestral capabilities, are contentious. It is often suggested that archosaurs ancestrally exhibited some form of bipedalism. Euparkeria capensis is a central taxon for the investigation of locomotion in archosaurs due to its phylogenetic position and intermediate skeletal morphology, and is argued to be representative of facultative bipedalism in this group. However, no studies to date have biomechanically tested if bipedality was feasible in Eupakeria. Here, we use musculoskeletal models and static simulations in its hindlimb to test the influences of body posture and muscle parameter estimation methods on locomotor potential. Our analyses show that the resulting negative pitching moments around the centre of mass were prohibitive to sustainable bipedality. We conclude that it is unlikely that Euparkeria was facultatively bipedal, and was likely quadrupedal, rendering the inference of ancestral bipedal abilities in Archosauria unlikely.
description: J.R.H. was supported by funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant Agreement 695517)
Countermovement rebound jump: a comparison of joint work and joint contribution to the countermovement and drop jump tests
Creators: name: Xu, Jiaqing
name: Turner, Anthony
name: Comyns, Thomas M.
name: R. Harry, John
name: Chavda, Shyam
name: Bishop, Chris
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4207
subject: Sports science and exercise

description: The kinetic analysis of joint work and joint contribution provides practitioners with information regarding movement characteristics and strategies of any jump test that is undertaken. This study aimed to compare joint works and contributions, and performance metrics in the countermovement jump (CMJ), drop jump (DJ), and countermovement rebound jump CMRJ. Thirty-three participants completed 18 jumps across two testing sessions. Jump height and strategy-based metrics (time to take-off [TTTO], countermovement depth [CM depth], and ground contact time [GCT]) were measured. Two-way analysis of variance assessed systematic bias between jump types and test sessions (α = 0.05). Reliability was evaluated via intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] and coefficient of variation [CV]. Jump height and strategy-based metrics demonstrated good to excellent reliability (ICC = 0.82–0.98) with moderate CV (≤8.64%). Kinetic variables exhibited moderate to excellent reliability (ICC = 0.64–0.93) with poor to moderate CV (≤25.04%). Moreover, apart from TTTO (p ≤ 0.027, effect size [ES] = 0.49–0.62) that revealed significant differences between jump types, CM depth (p ≤ 0.304, ES = 0.27–0.32) and GCT (p ≤ 0.324, ES = 0.24) revealed nonsignificant trivial to small differences between three jumps in both sessions. Finally, the negative and positive hip and knee works, and positive ankle contribution measured in the CMRJ showed significant differences from the CMJ and DJ (p ≤ 0.048, g ≤ 0.71), with no significant difference observed in other kinetic variables between the three jump actions (p ≥ 0.086). Given the consistent joint works and joint contributions between jump types, the findings suggest that practitioners can utilize the CMRJ as a viable alternative to CMJ and DJ tests, and the CMRJ test offers valuable insights into movement characteristics and training suggestions.
Martuwarra Council Partnership Prospectus
Creators: name: RiverOfLife Martuwarra
name: Poelina, Anne
name: Hayes, Alexander
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111701 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110403 Traditional Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Medicine and Treatments
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 130301 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: 160501 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 180101 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: 210301 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander History
subject: FOS: History and archaeology
subject: 200201 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Cultural Studies
subject: FOS: Other humanities
subject: 80701 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Knowledge Management
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: 169902 Studies of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Society
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 200501 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Literature
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: 210101 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Archaeology
subject: 200319 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Languages
subject: 190401 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Performing Arts
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)
subject: 50201 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Environmental Knowledge
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 80601 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Information and Knowledge Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A public invitation for research partnerships, association and connection with the Martuwarra Fitzroy River Council.
VR Online Shopping Recommendation System based on Position
Creators: name: Zhang, Haolan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 460806
subject: Human-computer interaction
classificationCode: 460510
subject: Recommender systems
classificationCode: 461305
subject: Data structures and algorithms

description: This paper proposes a VR supermarket with an intelligent recommendation. It consists of three parts: VR supermarket, recommendation system, and database. The VR supermarket provides a 360-degree virtual environment for users to move and interact in the virtual environment through VR devices. The recommendation system will make recommendations to the target users based on the data in the database. The intelligent recommendation system is developed based on item similarity (ICF), which solves the cold start problem of ICF. This allows VR supermarkets to present real-time recommendations in any situation. The VR supermarket not only makes up for the lack of user perception of item attributes in traditional online shopping system but also improve user shopping efficiency through an intelligent recommendation system. The application can be extended to enterprise-level systems and can add behavioral and voice interaction with NPC, adding new possibilities for users to do VR shopping at home.
Ethnic disparities in COVID-19 outcomes: a multinational cohort study of 20 million individuals from England and Canada.
Creators: name: Zaccardi, Francesco
name: Tan, Pui San
name: Shah, Baiju R
name: Everett, Karl
name: Clift, Ash Kieran
name: Patone, Martina
name: Saatci, Defne
name: Coupland, Carol
name: Griffin, Simon J
name: Khunti, Kamlesh
name: Dambha-Miller, Hajira
name: Hippisley-Cox, Julia
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: COVID-19
Canada
Ethnicity
Hospitalisation
Inequalities
Mortality
UK
Adult
Humans
Cohort Studies
SARS-CoV-2
Ontario
England

description: BACKGROUND: Heterogeneous studies have demonstrated ethnic inequalities in the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and adverse COVID-19 outcomes. This study evaluates the association between ethnicity and COVID-19 outcomes in two large population-based cohorts from England and Canada and investigates potential explanatory factors for ethnic patterning of severe outcomes. METHODS: We identified adults aged 18 to 99 years in the QResearch primary care (England) and Ontario (Canada) healthcare administrative population-based datasets (start of follow-up: 24th and 25th Jan 2020 in England and Canada, respectively; end of follow-up: 31st Oct and 30th Sept 2020, respectively). We harmonised the definitions and the design of two cohorts to investigate associations between ethnicity and COVID-19-related death, hospitalisation, and intensive care (ICU) admission, adjusted for confounders, and combined the estimates obtained from survival analyses. We calculated the 'percentage of excess risk mediated' by these risk factors in the QResearch cohort. RESULTS: There were 9.83 million adults in the QResearch cohort (11,597 deaths; 21,917 hospitalisations; 2932 ICU admissions) and 10.27 million adults in the Ontario cohort (951 deaths; 5132 hospitalisations; 1191 ICU admissions). Compared to the general population, pooled random-effects estimates showed that South Asian ethnicity was associated with an increased risk of COVID-19 death (hazard ratio: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.09-2.44), hospitalisation (1.53; 1.32-1.76), and ICU admission (1.67; 1.23-2.28). Associations with ethnic groups were consistent across levels of deprivation. In QResearch, sociodemographic, lifestyle, and clinical factors accounted for 42.9% (South Asian) and 39.4% (Black) of the excess risk of COVID-19 death. CONCLUSION: International population-level analyses demonstrate clear ethnic inequalities in COVID-19 risks. Policymakers should be cognisant of the increased risks in some ethnic populations and design equitable health policy as the pandemic continues.
Engineering imaginary stark ladder in a dissipative lattice: passive $\mathcal{PT}$ symmetry, K symmetry and localized damping
Creators: name: Zhang, Yu
name: Chen, Shu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study an imaginary stark ladder model and propose a realization of the model in a dissipative chain with linearly increasing site-dependent dissipation strength. Due to the existence of a $K$-symmetry and passive $\mathcal{PT}$ symmetry, the model exhibits quite different feature from its Hermitian counterpart. With the increase of dissipation strength, the system first undergoes a passive $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetry breaking transition, with the shifted eigenvalues changing from real to complex, and then a $K$-symmetry restoring transition, characterized by the emergence of pure imaginary spectrum with equal spacing. Accordingly, the eigenstates change from $\mathcal{PT}$-unbroken extended states to the $\mathcal{PT}$-broken states, and finally to stark localized states. In the framework of the quantum open system governed by Lindblad equation with linearly increasing site-dependent dissipation, we unveil that the dynamical evolution of single particle correlation function is governed by the Hamiltonian of the imaginary stark ladder model. By studying the dynamical evolution of the density distribution under various initial states, we demonstrate that the damping dynamics displays distinct behaviors in different regions. A localized damping is observed in the strong dissipation limit.
Neutrino emissivity from Goldstone boson decay in magnetized neutron matter
Creators: name: Bedaque, Paulo
name: Sen, Srimoyee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutron matter at densities somewhat above nuclear densities is believed to be superfluid due to the condensation of neutron pairs in the 3 P2 channel. This condensate breaks rotational symmetry spontaneously and leads to the existence of Goldstone bosons (angulons). We show that the coupling to magnetic fields mediated by the magnetic moment of the neutron makes angulons massive and capable of decaying into a neutrino-antineutrino pair. We compute the rate for this process and argue they become competitive with other cooling processes for temperatures around 10^7 K as long as the interior magnetic field of the star is in the B=10^15 G range or above.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Time Petri Nets with Dynamic Firing Dates: Semantics and Applications
Creators: name: Zilio, Silvano Dal
name: Fronc, Lukasz
name: Berthomieu, Bernard
name: Vernadat, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We define an extension of time Petri nets such that the time at which a transition can fire, also called its firing date, may be dynamically updated. Our extension provides two mechanisms for updating the timing constraints of a net. First, we propose to change the static time interval of a transition each time it is newly enabled; in this case the new time interval is given as a function of the current marking. Next, we allow to update the firing date of a transition when it is persistent, that is when a concurrent transition fires. We show how to carry the widely used state class abstraction to this new kind of time Petri nets and define a class of nets for which the abstraction is exact. We show the usefulness of our approach with two applications: first for scheduling preemptive task, as a poor man's substitute for stopwatch, then to model hybrid systems with non trivial continuous behavior.
Diabetes and Tuberculosis – Tackling Double Trouble
Creators: name: Gyanshankar Mishra
name: Munje, Radha
name: Dawkore, Madhav
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110203 Respiratory Diseases
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Medicine
subject: 110306 Endocrinology
subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an important and recognized risk factor for tuberculosis (TB). India is a high TB burden country along with an increased prevalence of diabetes in its population. The current study aimed to study the diagnostic profile and treatment outcomes of tuberculosis in diabetics (TBDM) as compared to that in non-diabetics. Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis from clinical records of TB patients diagnosed between November 2016 to April 2018 (eighteen months) was carried out in a tertiary care teaching institute. Results : Out of a total 1592 TB patients diagnosed during the study period, 66 (4.15 %) patients were diabetics. Amongst them, 49 patients had declared outcomes and were analyzed further. 98 TB patients without diabetes, diagnosed during the same period, were selected randomly in 1:2 ratio as the control group. There were 26(53%) microbiologically confirmed TB patients and 23(47%) clinically diagnosed TB cases among diabetics as compared to 43(43.87%) microbiologically confirmed TB patients and 55(56.12%) clinically diagnosed TB cases among non-diabetics. There were 41(83.63%) pulmonary and 8(16.32%) extra- pulmonary TB cases among diabetics as compared to 56 (57.14%) pulmonary and 41(42.85%) extra-pulmonary TB cases among non-diabetics. Among diabetics, 39 (79.59%) patients were newly diagnosed and 10(20.40%) patients were retreatment cases of TB whereas 80(81.63 %) patients were newly diagnosed and 18(18.36 %) patients were retreatment cases of TB among non- diabetics. Poor treatment outcome of TB was seen in 14 (28.57%) diabetics as compared to 10(10.2%) non-diabetics. Discussion: Diabetics are at an increased risk of developing pulmonary TB. TB is associated with poor treatment outcome in diabetics. Conclusion: A robust screening of diabetics for TB is imperative and the healthcare provider must be well aware of the diagnostic spectrum and possible poor treatment outcomes of TB in these patients.
The Consequences of Assisted Reproduction Technologies on the Offspring Health Throughout Life: A Placental Contribution.
Creators: name: Schroeder, Mariana
name: Badini, Gina
name: Sferruzzi-Perri, Amanda N
name: Albrecht, Christiane
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: DOHaD
assisted reproductive technologies
epigenetics
fetal programming
long-term health
metabolism
placenta

description: The use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) worldwide has led to the conception and birth of over eight million babies since being implemented in 1978. ART use is currently on the rise, given growing infertility and the increase in conception age among men and women in industrialized countries. Though obstetric and perinatal outcomes have improved over the years, pregnancies achieved by ART still bear increased risks for the mother and the unborn child. Moreover, given that the first generation of ART offspring is now only reaching their forties, the long-term effects of ART are currently unknown. This is important, as there is a wealth of data showing that life-long health can be predetermined by poor conditions during intrauterine development, including irregularities in the structure and functioning of the placenta. In the current review, we aim to summarize the latest available findings examining the effects of ART on the cardiometabolic, cognitive/neurodevelopmental, and behavioral outcomes in the perinatal period, childhood and adolescence/adulthood; and to examine placental intrinsic factors that may contribute to the developmental outcomes of ART offspring. Altogether, the latest knowledge about life outcomes beyond adolescence for those conceived by ART appears to suggest a better long-term outcome than previously predicted. There are also changes in placenta structure and functional capacity with ART. However, more work in this area is critically required, since the potential consequences of ART may still emerge as the offspring gets older. In addition, knowledge of the placenta may help to foresee and mitigate any adverse outcomes in the offspring.
title: Accelerating orchestration with in-network offloading
Creators: name: Sagkriotis, Stefanos
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2023

description: The demand for low-latency Internet applications has pushed functionality that was originally placed in commodity hardware into the network. Either in the form of binaries for the programmable data plane or virtualised network functions, services are implemented within the network fabric with the aim of improving their performance and placing them close to the end user. Training of machine learning algorithms, aggregation of networking traffic, virtualised radio access components, are just some of the functions that have been deployed within the network. Therefore, as the network fabric becomes the accelerator for various applications, it is imperative that the orchestration of their components is also adapted to the constraints and capabilities of the deployment environment. This work identifies performance limitations of in-network compute use cases for both cloud and edge environments and makes suitable adaptations. Within cloud infrastructure, this thesis proposes a platform that relies on programmable switches to accelerate the performance of data replication. It then proceeds to discuss design adaptations of an orchestrator that will allow in-network data offloading and enable accelerated service deployment. At the edge, the topic of inefficient orchestration of virtualised network functions is explored, mainly with respect to energy usage and resource contention. An orchestrator is adapted to schedule requests by taking into account edge constraints in order to minimise resource contention and accelerate service processing times. With data transfers consuming valuable resources at the edge, an efficient data representation mechanism is implemented to provide statistical insight on the provenance of data at the edge and enable smart query allocation to nodes with relevant data. Taking into account the previous state of the art, the proposed data plane replication method appears to be the most computationally efficient and scalable in-network data replication platform available, with significant improvements in throughput and up to an order of magnitude decrease in latency. The orchestrator of virtual network functions at the edge was shown to reduce event rejections, total processing time, and energy consumption imbalances over the default orchestrator, thus proving more efficient use of the infrastructure. Lastly, computational cost at the edge was further reduced with the use of the proposed query allocation mechanism which minimised redundant engagement of nodes.