cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Electro-osmotic flow through a nanopore
Creators: name: Mao, M.
name: Sherwood, J. D.
name: Ghosal, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electroosmotic pumping of fluid through a nanopore that traverses an insulating membrane is considered. The density of surface charge on the membrane is assumed uniform, and sufficiently low for the Poisson-Boltzmann equation to be linearized. The reciprocal theorem gives the flow rate generated by an applied weak electric field, expressed as an integral over the fluid volume. For a circular hole in a membrane of zero thickness, an analytical result is possible up to quadrature. For a membrane of arbitrary thickness, the full Poisson--Nernst--Planck--Stokes system of equations is solved numerically using a finite volume method. The numerical solution agrees with the standard analytical result for electro-osmotic flux through a long cylindrical pore when the membrane thickness is large compared to the hole diameter. When the membrane thickness is small, the flow rate agrees with that calculated using the reciprocal theorem.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures
A hierarchical Bayesian model for inference of copy number variants and their association to gene expression
Creators: name: Cassese, Alberto
name: Guindani, Michele
name: Tadesse, Mahlet G.
name: Falciani, Francesco
name: Vannucci, Marina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A number of statistical models have been successfully developed for the analysis of high-throughput data from a single source, but few methods are available for integrating data from different sources. Here we focus on integrating gene expression levels with comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) array measurements collected on the same subjects. We specify a measurement error model that relates the gene expression levels to latent copy number states which, in turn, are related to the observed surrogate CGH measurements via a hidden Markov model. We employ selection priors that exploit the dependencies across adjacent copy number states and investigate MCMC stochastic search techniques for posterior inference. Our approach results in a unified modeling framework for simultaneously inferring copy number variants (CNV) and identifying their significant associations with mRNA transcripts abundance. We show performance on simulated data and illustrate an application to data from a genomic study on human cancer cell lines.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/13-AOAS705 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Gapless excitations of axially symmetric vortices in systems with tensorial order parameter
Creators: name: Peterson, Adam J
name: Shifman, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the results of previous work on the vortex order parameter in systems similar to the Ginzburg-Landau description of superfluid $^3$He in the bulk B phase. Specifically, we consider vortices preserving an axial $U(1)$ symmetry. We determine the conditions required by the $β_i$ parameters to allow for an energetically favorable development of the off-diagonal antisymmetric and symmetric-traceless elements satisfying the axial symmetry from the trace-only ansatz of the order parameter. The number and type of gapless moduli appearing on the classical low energy theory of axial vortices is determined. The time-dependent part of the Ginzburg-Landau free energy is then considered to determine the number of quantized modes emerging from the gapless moduli fields.
description: 27 pages, 8 figures
Electromagnetic Waves Reflectance of Graphene -- Magnetic Semiconductor Superlattice in Magnetic Field
Creators: name: Kuzmin, Dmitry A.
name: Bychkov, Igor V.
name: Shavrov, Vladimir G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electrodynamic properties of the graphene - magnetic semiconductor - graphene superlattice placed in magnetic field have been investigated theoretically in Faraday geometry with taking into account dissipation processes. Frequency and field dependences of the reflectance, transmittance and absorbtance of electromagnetic waves by such superlattice have been calculated for different numbers of periods of the structure and different sizes of the periods with using a transfer matrix method. The possibility of efficient control of electrodynamic properties of graphene - magnetic semiconductor - graphene superlattice has been shown.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, in press in IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
Some monodromy groups of finite index in $Sp_4(\mathbb{Z})$
Creators: name: Hofmann, Jörg
name: van Straten, Duco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We determine the index of five of the $7$ hypergeometric Calabi-Yau operators that have finite index in $Sp_4(\mathbb{Z})$ and in two cases give a complete description of the monodromy group. Furthermore we found six non-hypergeometric Calabi-Yau operators with finite index in $Sp_4(\mathbb{Z})$, most notably a case where the index is one.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure
The broad band spectral variability of MCG-6-30-15 observed by NuSTAR and XMM-Newton
Creators: name: Marinucci, A.
name: Matt, G.
name: Miniutti, G.
name: Guainazzi, M.
name: Parker, M. L.
name: Brenneman, L.
name: Fabian, A. C.
name: Kara, E.
name: Arevalo, P.
name: Ballantyne, D. R.
name: Boggs, S. E.
name: Cappi, M.
name: Christensen, F. E.
name: Craig, W. W.
name: Elvis, M.
name: Hailey, C. J.
name: Harrison, F. A.
name: Reynolds, C. S.
name: Risaliti, G.
name: Stern, D. K.
name: Walton, D. J.
name: Zhang, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: MCG-6-30-15, at a distance of 37 Mpc (z=0.008), is the archetypical Seyfert 1 galaxy showing very broad Fe K$α$ emission. We present results from a joint NuSTAR and XMM-Newton observational campaign that, for the first time, allows a sensitive, time-resolved spectral analysis from 0.35 keV up to 80 keV. The strong variability of the source is best explained in terms of intrinsic X-ray flux variations and in the context of the light bending model: the primary, variable emission is reprocessed by the accretion disk, which produces secondary, less variable, reflected emission. The broad Fe K$α$ profile is, as usual for this source, well explained by relativistic effects occurring in the innermost regions of the accretion disk around a rapidly rotating black hole. We also discuss the alternative model in which the broadening of the Fe K$α$ is due to the complex nature of the circumnuclear absorbing structure. Even if this model cannot be ruled out, it is disfavored on statistical grounds. We also detected an occultation event likely caused by BLR clouds crossing the line of sight.
description: 19 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication on ApJ
Scientific Collections on the Move Provincial museums and international networks, an EU RISE project (2021-2024): presentation and preliminary results
Creators: name: Irina, Podgorny
name: García, Susana
name: Richard, Nathalie
name: Pravdenko, Inna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Museums, Collections, Team work

description: This is a presentation given at the Humboldt Kolleg in Montevideo
Holographic patterning of graphene-oxide films by light-driven reduction
Creators: name: Orabona, Emanuele
name: Ambrosio, Antonio
name: Longo, Angela
name: Carotenuto, Gianfranco
name: Nicolais, Luigi
name: Maddalena, Pasquale
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the patterning and reduction of graphene-oxide films by holographic lithography. Light reduction can be used to engineer low-cost graphene-based devices by performing a local conversion of insulating oxide into the conductive graphene. In this work, computer generated holograms have been exploited to realize complex graphene patterns in a single shot, differently from serial laser writing or mask-based photolithographic processes. The technique has been further improved by achieving speckle noise reduction: submicron and diffraction-limited features have been obtained. In addition we have also demonstrated that the gray-scale lithography capability can be used to obtain different reduction levels in a single exposure.
Variations on Classical and Quantum Extractors
Creators: name: Berta, Mario
name: Fawzi, Omar
name: Scholz, Volkher B.
name: Szehr, Oleg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many constructions of randomness extractors are known to work in the presence of quantum side information, but there also exist extractors which do not [Gavinsky {\it et al.}, STOC'07]. Here we find that spectral extractors $ψ$ with a bound on the second largest eigenvalue $λ_{2}(ψ^{\dagger}\circψ)$ are quantum-proof. We then discuss fully quantum extractors and call constructions that also work in the presence of quantum correlations decoupling. As in the classical case we show that spectral extractors are decoupling. The drawback of classical and quantum spectral extractors is that they always have a long seed, whereas there exist classical extractors with exponentially smaller seed size. For the quantum case, we show that there exists an extractor with extremely short seed size $d=O(\log(1/ε))$, where $ε>0$ denotes the quality of the randomness. In contrast to the classical case this is independent of the input size and min-entropy and matches the simple lower bound $d\geq\log(1/ε)$.
description: 7 pages, slightly enhanced IEEE ISIT submission including all the proofs
A Distributed Algorithm for Constructing a Minimum Diameter Spanning Tree
Creators: name: Bui, Marc
name: Butelle, Franck
name: Lavault, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.2.2; G.2.2; E.1; C.2.4
subject: 68R10, 68W15, 05C85,

description: We present a new algorithm, which solves the problem of distributively finding a minimum diameter spanning tree of any (non-negatively) real-weighted graph $G = (V,E,ω)$. As an intermediate step, we use a new, fast, linear-time all-pairs shortest paths distributed algorithm to find an absolute center of $G$. The resulting distributed algorithm is asynchronous, it works for named asynchronous arbitrary networks and achieves $\mathcal{O}(|V|)$ time complexity and $\mathcal{O}\left(|V|\,|E|\right)$
description: Comments: 11 pages LaTeX, 2 figures; International Journal with referees article; New version (full paper design): results added in Section 2.2 and 2.2; typos removed
SCINTILLA A European project for the development of scintillation detectors and new technologies for nuclear security
Creators: name: Alemberti, A.
name: Battaglieri, M.
name: Botta, E.
name: De Vita, R.
name: Fanchini, E.
name: Firpo, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Europe monitors transits using radiation detectors to prevent illicit trafficking of nuclear materials. The SCINTILLA project aims to develop a toolbox of innovative technologies designed to address different usage cases. This article will review the scope, approach, results of the first benchmark campaign and future plans of the SCINTILLA project.
description: To appear on the Proceedings of the 13th ICATPP Conference on Astroparticle, Particle, Space Physics and Detectors for Physics Applications, Villa Olmo (Como, Italy), 23--27 October, 2013, to be published by World Scientific (Singapore)
From the Kuramoto-Sakaguchi model to the Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation
Creators: name: Kawamura, Yoji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the Kuramoto-Sivashinsky-type phase equation from the Kuramoto-Sakaguchi-type phase model via the Ott-Antonsen-type complex amplitude equation and demonstrate heterogeneity-induced collective-phase turbulence in nonlocally coupled individual-phase oscillators.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
The influence of a single defect in composite gate insulators on the performance of nanotube transistors
Creators: name: Yu, Wen-Juan
name: Wang, Neng-Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The current through a carbon nanotube field-effect transistor (CNFET) with cylindrical gate electrode is calculated using the nonequilibrium Greens function method in a tight-binding approximation. The obtained result is in good agreement with the experimental data. The space radiation and nuclear radiation are known to cause defects in solids. The theoretical approach is used to calculate the amplitude of the random-telegraph-signal (RTS) noise due to a single defect in the gate oxide of a long channel p-type CNFET. We investigate how the amplitude of the RTS noise is affected by the composite structure of gate insulators, which contains an inner insulator with a dielectric constant larger than 3.9 and an outer insulator with a dielectric constant of 3.9 (as for SiO2). It is found that the RTS amplitude increases apparently with the decreasing thickness of the inner gate insulator. If the inner insulator is too thin, even though its dielectric constant is as large as 80, the amplitude of the RTS noise caused by the charge of Q = +1e may amount to around 80% in the turn-on region. Due to strong effects of defects in CNFETs, CNFETs have a potential to be used for detecting the space radiation or nuclear radiation.
description: 8 Figures
High-Energy Continuum of Magnetic Excitations in the Two-Dimensional Quantum Antiferromagnet Sr2CuO2Cl2
Creators: name: Plumb, K. W.
name: Savici, A. T.
name: Granroth, G. E.
name: Chou, F. C.
name: Kim, Young-June
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured the magnetic excitation spectrum of the model square-lattice spin-1/2 antiferromagnet $\rm Sr_2CuO_2Cl_2$ over a broad range of energy and momentum using high-resolution inelastic neutron scattering (INS). The magnon dispersion along the zone boundary was accurately measured to be a 43 meV between (1/2,0) and (3/4,1/4) indicating the importance of coupling beyond nearest neighbors in the spin Hamiltonian. We observe a strong momentum dependent damping of the zone-boundary magnons at (1/2,0) revealing a high energy continuum of magnetic excitations. A direct comparison between our INS measurements and resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) measurements shows that the RIXS spectrum contains significant contributions from higher energy excitations not previously considered. Our observations demonstrate that this high-energy continuum of magnetic fluctuations is a ubiquitous feature of insulating monolayer cuprates, apparent in both inelastic neutron and light scattering measurements.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Non-Fermi liquid behavior at the onset of incommensurate 2k_F charge or spin density wave order in two dimensions
Creators: name: Holder, Tobias
name: Metzner, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the influence of quantum critical fluctuations on single-particle excitations at the onset of incommensurate $2k_F$ charge or spin density wave order in two-dimensional metals. The case of a single pair of hot spots at high symmetry positions on the Fermi surface needs to be distinguished from the case of two hot spot pairs. We compute the fluctuation propagator and the electronic self-energy perturbatively in leading order. The energy dependence of the single-particle decay rate at the hot spots obeys non-Fermi liquid power laws, with an exponent 2/3 in the case of a single hot spot pair, and exponent one for two hot spot pairs. The prefactors of the linear behavior obtained in the latter case are not particle-hole symmetric.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Acoustoelectric effects in very high-mobility $p$-SiGe/Ge/SiGe heterostructure at low temperatures in high magnetic fields
Creators: name: Drichko, I. L.
name: Malysh, V. A.
name: Smirnov, I. Yu.
name: Suslov, A. V.
name: Mironov, O. A.
name: Kummer, M.
name: von Känel, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The contactless Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) technique was implemented to probe the high-frequency (ac) conductivity in a high-mobility $p$-SiGe/Ge/SiGe structure in the integer quantum Hall (IQHE) regime. The structure was grown by low-energy plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition and comprised a two-dimensional channel formed in a compressively strained Ge layer. It was investigated at temperatures of 0.3 - 5.8 K and magnetic fields up to 18 T at various SAW intensities. In the IQHE regime, in minima of the conductivity oscillations with small filling factors, holes are localized. The ac conductivity is of the hopping nature and can be described within the "two-site" model. Furthermore, the dependence of the ac conductivity on the electric field of the SAW was determined. The manifestation of non-linear effects is interpreted in terms of nonlinear percolation-based conductivity.
description: 6 pages, 10 figures
The Sphaleron Rate in the Minimal Standard Model
Creators: name: D'Onofrio, Michela
name: Rummukainen, Kari
name: Tranberg, Anders
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use large-scale lattice simulations to compute the rate of baryon number violating processes (the sphaleron rate), the Higgs field expectation value, and the critical temperature in the Standard Model across the electroweak phase transition temperature. While there is no true phase transition between the high-temperature symmetric phase and the low-temperature broken phase, the cross-over is sharply defined at $T_c = (159\pm 1)$\,GeV. The sphaleron rate in the symmetric phase ($T> T_c$) is $Γ/T^4 = (18\pm 3)α_W^5$, and in the broken phase in the physically interesting temperature range $130\mbox{\,GeV} < T < T_c$ it can be parametrized as $\log(Γ/T^4) = (0.83\pm 0.01)T/{\rm GeV} - (147.7\pm 1.9)$. The freeze-out temperature in the early Universe, where the Hubble rate wins over the baryon number violation rate, is $T_* = (131.7\pm 2.3)$\,GeV. These values, beyond being intrinsic properties of the Standard Model, are relevant for e.g. low-scale leptogenesis scenarios.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
More on Universal Superconformal Attractors
Creators: name: Kallosh, Renata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We define a general class of superconformal inflationary attractor models studied in our previous papers [1,2], which include, among others, inflationary models of 'induced gravity' which were argued to retain perturbative unitarity up to the Planck scale [3]. The choice of the function $f(ϕ)$ in superconformal attractors for the models introduced in [3] is $f(ϕ)= ϕ^n - ξ^{-1}$. We present both superconformal and supergravity versions of these models, which were derived in [1,2] for arbitrary $f(ϕ)$, together with the universal conditions required for stabilization of the extra three moduli present in the superconformal attractors, in addition to the inflaton.
description: 2 pages
Borel complexity and automorphisms of C*-algebras
Creators: name: Kerr, David
name: Lupini, Martino
name: Phillips, N. Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 46L40, Secondary 46L55, 03E15

description: We show that if $A$ is $\mathcal{Z}$, $\mathcal{O}_2$, $\mathcal{O}_{\infty}$, a UHF algebra of infinite type, or the tensor product of a UHF algebra of infinite type and $\mathcal{O}_{\infty}$, then the conjugation action $\mathrm{Aut}(A) \curvearrowright \mathrm{Aut}(A)$ is generically turbulent for the point-norm topology. We moreover prove that if $A$ is either (i) a separable C*-algebra which is stable under tensoring with $\mathcal{Z}$ or $\mathcal{K}$, or (ii) a separable ${\mathrm{II}}_1$ factor which is McDuff or a free product of ${\mathrm{II}}_1$ factors, then the approximately inner automorphisms of $A$ are not classifiable by countable structures.
description: 19 pages
The iconography of the palace : court and court culture in Madînat al-Zahra during the 'golden' age of Umayyad al-Andalus
Creators: name: Dickson, Colin James
Publisher: name: University of St Andrews
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: DP302.A51D5

description: This thesis examines the Iconography of the Caliphal Palace of Madînat al-Zahra, and aims to provide an analysis of the inter-relationship between the physical fabric of the Palace, and of the ceremony and cultural endeavours which occurred within it. Having provided a brief history of the Amirs and their contributions to the architecture of al-Andalus, and the inferences that may be drawn from the construction of these buildings, the second chapter discusses the physical reality of Madînat al-Zahra, using both archaeological material and source material. The third chapter provides a discussion of court ceremonial, and a discussion of its effect on the psyche of those who participated in it, as well as a comparison of three different courts ; Byzantine, ʿAbbasid and Umayyad. The last chapter examines another facet of the Iconography of the Palace, namely the attendant courtly culture, focusing particularly on the Arabic literature of the milieu. A short sub-chapter follows the fourth chapter, in which the Hebrew literature of the Mosabh, and the contribution of the Sephardim to the milieu are discussed.
Relationship between Superconductivity and Antiferromagnetism in LaFe(As$_{1-x}$P$_{x}$)O Revealed by $^{31}$P-NMR
Creators: name: Kitagawa, Shunsaku
name: Iye, Tetsuya
name: Nakai, Yusuke
name: Ishida, Kenji
name: Wang, Cao
name: Cao, Guang-Han
name: Xu, Zhu-an
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We performed $^{31}$P-NMR measurements on LaFe(As$_{1-x}$P$_{x}$)O to investigate the relationship between antiferromagnetism and superconductivity. The antiferromagnetic (AFM) ordering temperature $T_{\rm N}$ and the moment $μ_{\rm ord}$ are continuously suppressed with increasing P content $x$ and disappear at $x = 0.3$ where bulk superconductivity appears. At this superconducting $x = 0.3$, quantum critical AFM fluctuations are observed, indicative of the intimate relationship between superconductivity and low-energy AFM fluctuations associated with the quantum-critical point in LaFe(As$_{1-x}$P$_{x}$)O. The relationship is similar to those observed in other isovalent-substitution systems, e.g., BaFe$_{2}$(As$_{1-x}$P$_{x}$)$_{2}$ and SrFe$_{2}$(As$_{1-x}$P$_{x}$)$_{2}$, with the "122" structure. Moreover, the AFM order reappears with further P substitution ($x > 0.4$). The variation of the ground state with respect to the P substitution is considered to be linked to the change in the band character of Fe-3$d$ orbitals around the Fermi level.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn
Superconducting tantalum nitride-based normal metal-insulator-superconductor tunnel junctions
Creators: name: Chaudhuri, S.
name: Maasilta, I. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the development of superconducting tantalum nitride (TaN$_{x} $) normal metal-insulator-superconductor (NIS) tunnel junctions. For the insulating barrier, we used both AlO$_{x}$ and TaO$_{x}$ (Cu-AlO$_{x}$-Al-TaN$_{x} $ and Cu-TaO$_{x}$-TaN$_{x} $), with both devices exhibiting temperature dependent current-voltage characteristics which follow the simple one-particle tunneling model. The superconducting gap follows a BCS type temperature dependence, rendering these devices suitable for sensitive thermometry and bolometry from the superconducting transition temperature $T_{\text{C}}$ of the TaN$_{x} $ film at $\sim 5$ K down to $\sim$ 0.5 K. Numerical simulations were also performed to predict how junction parameters should be tuned to achieve electronic cooling at temperatures above 1 K.
description: Appl. Phys. Lett. in press
An Etude on One Sharygin's Problem
Creators: name: Zlatanov, Boyan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14N05

description: By the methods of the synthetic geometry we investigate properties of objects generated from a complete quadrangle and a line, which lies in its plane. We start with a problem from the book of Sharygin "Problems in Plane Geometry". We generalize this problem with the help of Pappus, Desargues and Pascal's Theorems and we discover new concurrent lines, collinear points, and conic sections.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Local immobilization of particles in mass transfer described by the equation of the Jeffreys type
Creators: name: Rukolaine, Sergey A.
name: Samsonov, Alexander M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We consider the equation of the Jeffreys type as the basic one in three different models of mass transfer, namely, the Jeffreys type and two-phase models, and the $D_1$ approximation to the linear Boltzmann equation. We study two classic 1 + 1D problems in the framework of each model. The first problem is the transfer of a substance initially confined in a point. The second problem is the transfer of a substance from a stationary point source. We calculate the mean-square displacement (MSD) for the solutions of the first problem. The temporal behaviour of the MSD in the framework of the first and third models is found to be the same as that in the Brownian motion described by the standard Langevin equation. Besides, we find a remarkable phenomenon when a portion of the substance does not move.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
Time flat surfaces and the monotonicity of the spacetime Hawking mass II
Creators: name: Bray, Hubert L.
name: Jauregui, Jeffrey L.
name: Mars, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53C20 (Primary), 83C99 (Secondary)

description: In this sequel paper we give a shorter, second proof of the monotonicity of the Hawking mass for time flat surfaces under spacelike uniformly area expanding flows in spacetimes that satisfy the dominant energy condition. We also include a third proof which builds on a known formula and describe a class of sufficient conditions of divergence type for the monotonicity of the Hawking mass. These flows of surfaces may have connections to the problem in general relativity of bounding the total mass of a spacetime from below by the quasi-local mass of spacelike 2-surfaces in the spacetime.
description: 19 pages, 1 figure
Interpreting the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) Multi-Height Velocity Measurements
Creators: name: Nagashima, Kaori
name: Löptien, Björn
name: Gizon, Laurent
name: Birch, Aaron C.
name: Cameron, Robert
name: Couvidat, Sebastien
name: Danilovic, Sanja
name: Fleck, Bernhard
name: Stein, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Solar Dynamics Observatory/Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (SDO/HMI) filtergrams, taken at six wavelengths around the Fe I 6173.3 Å line, contain information about the line-of-sight velocity over a range of heights in the solar atmosphere. Multi-height velocity inferences from these observations can be exploited to study wave motions and energy transport in the atmosphere. Using realistic convection simulation datasets provided by the STAGGER and MURaM codes, we generate synthetic filtergrams and explore several methods for estimating Dopplergrams. We investigate at which height each synthetic Dopplergram correlates most strongly with the vertical velocity in the model atmospheres. On the basis of the investigation, we propose two Dopplergrams other than the standard HMI-algorithm Dopplergram produced from HMI filtergrams: a line-center Dopplergram and an average-wing Dopplergram. These two Dopplergrams correlate most strongly with vertical velocities at the heights of 30 - 40 km above (line-center) and 30 - 40 km below (average-wing) the effective height of the HMI-algorithm Dopplergram. Therefore, we can obtain velocity information from two layers separated by about a half of a scale height in the atmosphere, at best. The phase shifts between these multi-height Dopplergrams from observational data as well as those from the simulated data are also consistent with the height-difference estimates in the frequency range above the photospheric acoustic cutoff frequency.
description: accepted for publication in Solar Physics
Global forest fragmentation change from 2000 to 2020
Creators: name: Ma, Jun
name: Li, Jiawei
name: Wu, Wanben
name: Liu, Jiajia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 300703
subject: Forest ecosystems
classificationCode: 410206
subject: Landscape ecology

description: This folder includes datasets and related codes for the Forest Fragmentation Index in 2000 and 2020. The data has been published in Nature Communications. If you need to use this data, please refer to relevant article (https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-39221-x). Thank you！
Transition to ballistic regime for heat transport in helium II
Creators: name: Sciacca, Michele
name: Sellitto, Antonio
name: Jou, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The size-dependent and flux-dependent effective thermal conductivity of narrow capillaries filled with superfluid helium is analyzed from a thermodynamic continuum perspective. The classical Landau evaluation of the effective thermal conductivity of quiescent superfluid, or the Gorter-Mellinck regime of turbulent superfluids, are extended to describe the transition to ballistic regime in narrow channels wherein the radius $R$ is comparable to (or smaller than) the phonon mean-free path $\ell$ in superfluid helium. To do so we start from an extended equation for the heat flux incorporating non-local terms, and take into consideration a heat slip flow along the walls of the tube. This leads from an effective thermal conductivity proportional to $R^2$ (Landau regime) to another one proportional to $R\ell$ (ballistic regime). We consider two kinds of flows: along cylindrical pipes and along two infinite parallel plates.
description: 16 pages
Monte Carlo Simulation of Indoor External Exposure due to Gamma-emitting Radionuclides in Building Materials
Creators: name: Deng, Jun
name: Cao, Lei
name: Su, Xu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The use of building materials containing naturally occurring radionuclides,such as K-40, U-238 and Th-232 and their progeny, could lead to external exposures of the residents of such buildings. In this paper, a set of models are set up to calculate the specific effective dose rates(the effective dose rate per Bq/kg of K-40, U-238 series, and Th-232 series) imposed to residents by building materials with MCNPX code. Effect of chemical composition, position concerned in the room and thickness as well as density of material is analyzed. In order to facilitate more precise assessment of indoor external dose due to gamma emitting radionuclides in building materials, three regressive expressions are proposed and validated by measured data to calculate specific effective rate for K-40, U-238 series and Th-232 series, respectively.
description: 6 pages,4 figures
Julia Augusta Taurinorum, an archaeoastronomical reload
Creators: name: Sparavigna, Amelia Carolina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Archaeoastronomy

description: Discussion of the astronomical orientation of Turin as Julia Augusta Taurinorum, based on the results previously given in 2012 and available at arXiv:1206.6062, and here refined according to the natural horizon.
Mining whole genome resequencing data to identify functional mutations in boar taintcandidate genes
Creators: name: Schiavo, G
name: Bovo, S
name: Cheloni, S
name: Ribani, A
name: Geraci, C
name: Gallo, M
name: Etherington, G
name: Di Palma, F
name: Fontanesi, L
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: Next generation sequencing applied in pigs have recently produced re-sequenced pig genome data from different individuals belonging to a large variety of breeds. The availability of these large datasets is opening new opportunities to mine public nucleotide archives and identify mutations that could putatively affect economic relevant traits. Moreover, resequencing data from pooled pig DNA could provide cost-effective whole genome information from a large number of animals. In this study, we mined 110 individual pig genomes retrieved from the European Nucleotide Archive and from proprietary datasets generated from pigs of 28 different breeds. This dataset was integrated from 8 pooled whole genome resequencing datasets generated from 35 individuals each from 8 distinct commercial or autochthonous breeds (Italian Large White, Italian Duroc, Italian Landrace, Apulo Calabrese, Cinta Senese, Casertana, Mora Romagnola, Nero Siciliano), respectively. Individual and pooled pig genome datasets were searched for polymorphisms in 135 annotated candidate genes, including 25 genes involved in androsterone and skatole biochemical related pathways. Short reads from these genomes were aligned using bowtie to a customized reference sequence generated from the reference pig genome, including sequence of selected genes (with depth ranging from 4 to 40X for each genome). A total of 100k variants were identified (2.3% in coding regions with about 500 missense mutations and a few other potential functional mutations). About 15% of these numbers refers to genes encoding enzymes involved in the androsterone and skatole biochemical pathways. This study provided an overview of the variability in targeted gene regions potentially involved in determining boar taint in pigs. Partially funded by European Union’s H2020 RIA program (grant agreement no. 634476). Abstract reflects the authors’ view. European Union Agency is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains.
Some topological considerations on semistar operations
Creators: name: Finocchiaro, C. A.
name: Spirito, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13A15, 13F30

description: We consider properties and applications of a new topology, called the Zariski topology, on the space ${\rm SStar}(A)$ of all the semistar operations on an integral domain $A$. We prove that the set of all overrings of $A$, endowed with the classical Zariski topology, is homeomorphic to a subspace of ${\rm SStar}(A)$. The topology on ${\rm SStar}(A)$ provides a general theory, through which we see several algebraic properties of semistar operation as very particular cases of our construction. Moreover, we show that the subspace ${\rm SStar}_f(A)$ of all the semistar operations of finite type on $A$ is a spectral space.
description: 17 pages. To appear in J. Algebra
Surface plasmons in a metal nanowire coupled to colloidal quantum dots: Scattering properties and quantum entanglement
Creators: name: Chen, Guang-Yin
name: Lambert, Neill
name: Chou, Chung-Hsien
name: Chen, Yueh-Nan
name: Nori, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate coherent single surface-plasmon transport in a metal nanowire strongly coupled to two colloidal quantum dots. Analytical expressions are obtained for the transmission and reflection coefficients by solving the corresponding eigenvalue equation. Remote entanglement of the wave functions of the two quantum dots can be created if the inter-dot distance is equal to a multiple half-wavelength of the surface plasmon. Furthermore, by applying classical laser pulses to the quantum dots, the entangled states can be stored in metastable states which are decoupled from the surface plasmons.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Single shot three-dimensional imaging of dilute atomic clouds
Creators: name: Sakmann, Kaspar
name: Kasevich, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Light field microscopy methods together with three dimensional (3D) deconvolution can be used to obtain single shot 3D images of atomic clouds. We demonstrate the method using a test setup which extracts three dimensional images from a fluorescent $^{87}$Rb atomic vapor.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Quantum interference between independent reservoirs in open quantum systems
Creators: name: Chan, Ching-Kit
name: Lin, Guin-Dar
name: Yelin, Susanne F.
name: Lukin, Mikhail D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When a quantum system interacts with multiple reservoirs, the environmental effects are usually treated in an additive manner. We show that this assumption breaks down for non-Markovian environments that have finite memory times. Specifically, we demonstrate that quantum interferences between independent environments can qualitatively modify the dynamics of the physical system. We illustrate this effect with a two level system coupled to two structured photonic reservoirs, discuss its origin using a non-equilibrium diagrammatic technique, and show an example when the application of this interference can result in an improved dark state preparation in a $λ$ system.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
"Diffusing diffusivity": A model for anomalous and "anomalous yet Brownian" diffusion
Creators: name: Chubynsky, Mykyta V.
name: Slater, Gary W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wang et al. [PNAS 106 (2009) 15160] have found that in several systems the linear time dependence of the mean-square displacement (MSD) of diffusing colloidal particles, typical of normal diffusion, is accompanied by a non-Gaussian displacement distribution (DisD), with roughly exponential tails at short times, a situation they termed "anomalous yet Brownian" diffusion. The diversity of systems in which this is observed calls for a generic model. We present such a model where there is "diffusivity memory" but no "direction memory" in the particle trajectory, and we show that it leads to both a linear MSD and a non-Gaussian DisD at short times. In our model, the diffusivity is undergoing a (perhaps biased) random walk, hence the expression "diffusing diffusivity". The DisD is predicted to be exactly exponential at short times if the distribution of diffusivities is itself exponential, but an exponential remains a good fit to the DisD for a variety of diffusivity distributions. Moreover, our generic model can be modified to produce subdiffusion.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Molecular Motor-Powered Shuttles along Multi-walled Carbon Nanotube Tracks
Creators: name: Sikora, Aurélien
name: Ramón-Azcón, Javier
name: Kim, Kyongwan
name: Reaves, Kelley
name: Nakazawa, Hikaru
name: Umetsu, Mitsuo
name: Kumagai, Izumi
name: Adschiri, Tadafumi
name: Shiku, Hitoshi
name: Matsue, Tomokazu
name: Hwang, Wonmuk
name: Teizer, Winfried
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a complementary tool to nanofluidics, biomolecular based transport is envisioned for nanotechnological devices. We report a new method for guiding microtubule shuttles on multi-walled carbon nanotube tracks, aligned by dielectrophoresis on a functionalized surface. In the absence of electric field and in fluid flow, alignment is maintained. The directed translocation of kinesin propelled microtubules has been investigated using fluorescence microscopy. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of microtubules gliding along carbon nanotubes.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures
СОПОСТАВЛЕНИЕ РИТОРИЧЕСКИХ СТРАТЕГИЙ В РУССКОМ И УЗБЕКСКОМ ДИСКУРСАХ
Creators: name: Усмонова, Нилуфар
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: В статье рассматриваются риторические стратегии русского и узбекского дискурсов, с акцентом на их сходства и различия. Русский дискурс характеризуется эмоциональностью, прямотой и использованием ярких образов для усиления аргументации. Узбекский дискурс, напротив, отличается сдержанностью, акцентом на уважение и использованием косвенных выражений и пословиц для убеждения. Сравнительный анализ показывает, что различия в риторических подходах связаны с культурными традициями и социальными нормами, что влияет на стили общения и восприятие языковых личностей в межкультурной коммуникации.
The three-point function of general planar maps
Creators: name: Fusy, Éric
name: Guitter, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the distance-dependent three-point function of general planar maps and of bipartite planar maps, i.e., the generating function of these maps with three marked vertices at prescribed pairwise distances. Explicit expressions are given for maps counted by their number of edges only, or by both their numbers of edges and faces. A few limiting cases and applications are discussed.
description: 33 pages, 12 figures
The Use of ChatGPT in Teaching Writing
Creators: name: Fikri, Haekal
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 390405
subject: Educational technology and computing
classificationCode: 390104
subject: English and literacy curriculum and pedagogy (excl. LOTE, ESL and TESOL)
classificationCode: 390114
subject: Vocational education and training curriculum and pedagogy

description: This study aims to find out: (1) the implementation of ChatGPT in teaching writing, and (2) the teacher and students' perceptions of ChatGPT in teaching writing. This study used qualitative descriptive methodology. This study also used purposive sampling with eight participants, consisting of one teacher and seven students in the XI grade majoring in visual communication design at SMKN 1 Polewali. Data collection instruments in this study used observation and interviews. The data validity checking technique used source triangulation. Data analysis techniques are carried out in several stages, namely data collection, data reduction, data display, and data conclusion. The findings of this study revealed that the use of ChatGPT in teaching writing has been well implemented. This is because the teacher prepared a lesson plan incorporating ChatGPT, used ChatGPT as a feedback provider in the learning process, and assessed students' writing skills. The researcher also revealed both the teacher and students highly perceived the ease of use of ChatGPT in teaching writing. This is because ChatGPT is easy to learn, easy to control, easy to use, clear, easy to understand, flexible, and easy to become skillful. Furthermore, this study revealed both the teacher and students highly perceived the usefulness of ChatGPT in teaching writing. This is in line with ChatGPT's capability to accelerate work, to improve performance, to increase effectiveness, to simplify work, and to provide utility.
Taxonomy of short-term within-person variability in job performance Review and Empirical Assessment
Creators: name: Magar, Stuti Thapa
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 520104
subject: Industrial and organisational psychology (incl. human factors)

description: Recent theoretical works and methodological advancements in organizational psychology have highlighted the necessity of a within-person perspective on organizational constructs. Past research suggests that focusing on within-person variation as an outcome can inform us of organizational processes that would not be possible with a static or mean-level approach. As such, the study of performance, on both intra- and inter-individual levels, is incomplete without addressing the nature of intraindividual variations and predictors of their short-term changes (i.e., dynamics). To address this, I first compiled a list of dynamic features from affective, personality, and cognitive dynamics and used it to develop a taxonomy of short-term performance variations (e.g., variability, inertia, stability, diurnal variation) and then conducted a systematic review of empirical works on performance variability to understand its associated theoretical constructs and their predictors. In the second part of my dissertation, I empirically examined the different forms of short-term performance dynamics (mean, maximum, minimum, variability, stability, inertia, week trends, day trends) using two weeks-long experience sampling data from working adults and a) investigated the extent to which they are distinct constructs and whether they have test-retest reliability, and b) tested what situational, time-specific, individual variables are most predictive of each form. I collected ESM data from 237 full-time working participants four times a day for two weeks with a week break in the middle (total observations = 10,315, average response rate = 48.3). I found that there was a high test-retest reliability for specific dynamic features, particularly those of OCB. In addition, I found that there were unique predictors for the same performance domain depending on how their variations were operationalized.