cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: The Influence of Hot Brine on the Calcium Content, Score, and Physical Properties of Low-Fat, Cheddar-Like Cheese
Creators: name: Ogden, Robert V.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1967

description: Two factors that are important in the production of the typical body and texture of cheddar cheese are acid development and milk fat content. When either of these is absent or present in less-than-normal amounts, the resulting cheese shows marked defects of curdiness and firmness.
title: Perceptions of Customized Employment Among Employers: A Survey and Focus Group
Creators: name: Adams, Melanie D.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: Customized employment for individuals with significant disabilities is becoming a focus of job placement. Customized employment is defined in the Workforce Innovation and Opportunities Act of 2014 as “Competitive integrated employment, for an individual with a significant disability, that is based on an individualized determination of the strengths, needs, and interests of the individual with a significant disability that is designed to meet the specific abilities of the individual with a significant disability and the business needs of the employer, and is carried out through flexible strategies.” Despite its status in federal legislation, no research exists on the employer’s perspective on customized employment. This study surveyed 53 employers and a focus group of 10 employers to identify perceived barriers and facilitators to customized employment. The researcher found that the highest-rated barriers employers identified with regards to customized employment were their lack of experience with customized employment, cost and responsibility of accommodations. The highest-rated facilitators included support was available from other agencies, financial incentives, and increased productivity. Limitations of this research and implications for further research are discussed.
Graph maps with zero topological entropy and sequence entropy pairs
Creators: name: Li, Jian
name: Liang, Xianjuan
name: Oprocha, Piotr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37E10, 37B40, 54H15

description: We show that graph map with zero topological entropy is Li-Yorke chaotic if and only if it has an NS-pair (a pair of non-separable points containing in a same solenoidal $ω$-limit set), and a non-diagonal pair is an NS-pair if and only if it is an IN-pair if and only if it is an IT-pair. This completes characterization of zero topological sequence entropy for graph maps.
description: 14 pages. Published online in Proc. Amer. Math. Soc
Quasiconformal Homogeneity of Genus Zero Surfaces
Creators: name: Kwakkel, Ferry
name: Markovic, Vlad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30C62, 30F45

description: A Riemann surface $M$ is said to be $K$-quasiconformally homogeneous if for every two points $p,q \in M$, there exists a $K$-quasiconformal homeomorphism $f \colon M \rightarrow M$ such that $f(p) = q$. In this paper, we show there exists a universal constant $K_0 > 1$ such that if $M$ is a $K$-quasiconformally homogeneous hyperbolic genus zero surface other than the disk $\mathbb{D}$, then $K \geq K_0$. This answers a question by Gehring and Palka.
description: Published in Journal d'Analyse Mathematique, Volume 113, Number 1, 173-195, 2011
title: An Economic Evaluation of Feeding Sucrose to Beef and Swine Prior to Slaughter
Creators: name: Strong, Douglas C.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1955

description: Animal feeding rations have long included carbohydrates as a primary constituent. Grains are included in most animal fattening rations, and the by-products of sugar beets have been used f or many years in livestock feeding (Kutish 1950 b). The use of molasses in commercial feed mixes in 1899 made possible its extended use in animal feeding practices (Hall 1950).
Full solution of the medium-induced radiation spectrum
Creators: name: Andres, Carlota
name: Apolinario, Liliana
name: Dominguez, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New measurements of jet quenching observables at RHIC and at the LHC, such as jet substructure observables, demand an increased precision in the theory calculations describing medium-induced radiation of gluons. Closed expressions for the gluon spectrum including a full resummation of multiple scatterings have been known for the past 20 years. Still they have only been evaluated in specific limits either taking a few terms in an opacity expansion or by employing a Gaussian approximation for the interaction potential -- which misses essential physical effects. We present here a new flexible method to compute the full spectrum for a realistic interaction potential, thus allowing us for the first time to properly quantify the effect of the all-order resummation of multiple scatterings. This new approach paves the way for precision phenomenological studies including multiple scattering effects such as coherence phenomena.
description: Proceedings of Hard Probes 2020
Bond Bipolarons: Sign-free Monte Carlo Approach
Creators: name: Zhang, Chao
name: Prokof'ev, Nikolay V.
name: Svistunov, Boris V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polarons originating from phonon displacement modulated hopping have relatively light masses and, thus, are of significant current interest as candidates for bipolaron mechanism of high-temperature superconductivity [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 121}, 247001 (2018)]. We observe that the bond model, when the dominant coupling comes from atomic vibrations on lattice bonds, can be solved by efficient sign-free Monte Carlo methods based on the path-integral formulation of the particle sector in combination with either the (real-space) diagrammatic or Fock-path-integral representation of the phonon sector. We introduce the corresponding algorithms and provide illustrative results for bipolarons in two dimensions. The results suggest that the route towards high-temperature superconductivity (if any) in the multiparametric space of the model lies between the Scylla of large size of moderately light bipolarons and Charybdis of large mass of compact bipolarons. As a result, on-site repulsion is helping $s$-wave superconductivity in sharp contrast with existing expectations.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents on removal of dyes from wastewater
Creators: name: Thamby, Beevi Fathima Mohamed
name: Ramalingam, Anantharaj
name: Mahavishnu, Gayathri
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biochemistry
Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biotechnology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology
Hematology

description: In this study, deep eutectic solvents of tetrabutylammonium bromide with glycerol, tetrabutylammonium bromide with decanoic acid, and tetrabutylammonium bromide with oleic acid at 1: 2 ratios were prepared and characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy. Subsequently, the functional group of naphthol green B, malachite green, acid blue 80, and acid red 1 dye are analyzed through FT-IR spectroscopy. It was observed that tetrabutylammonium bromide with glycerol forms a homogeneous phase with the dye solution, making it unsuitable for the extraction process. Conversely, tetrabutylammonium bromide with decanoic acid and tetrabutylammonium bromide with oleic acid were identified as potential solvents for the extraction of naphthol green B, malachite green, acid blue 80, acid red 1dyes from their solution. This extraction mechanism between deep eutectic solvent and dyes was analyzed through FT-IR spectroscopy focusing on H-bond formation, and metal coordination upon mixing.
Superluminal Travel Made Possible (in two dimensions)
Creators: name: Dubovsky, Sergei
name: Sibiryakov, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that superluminal signal propagation is possible in consistent Poincare invariant quantum field theories in two space-time dimensions, provided spatial parity is broken. This happens due to existence of the ``instantaneous'' causal structure, with one of the light cone variables being a global time. In two dimensions this causal structure is invariant under the Poincare group if one gives up the spatial parity. As a non-trivial example of a consistent interacting quantum field theory with this causal structure we discuss a non-linear SO(1,1) sigma-model, where SO(1,1) is the Lorentz symmetry. We show that this theory is asymptotically free and argue that this model is also well defined non-perturbatively, at least for some values of parameters. It provides an example of a microscopic Poincare invariant quantum field theory with local action, but non-local physical properties. Being coupled to gravity this ``instantaneous'' theory mixes with the Liouville field. If proves to be consistent, the resulting model can be used to construct (non-critical) string theories with very unconventional properties by introducing the instantaneous causal structure on the world-sheet.
description: 33 pages, 13 figures
Additional file 1 of Physiological and molecular response and tolerance of Macleaya cordata to lead toxicity
Creators: name: Zhang, Hongxiao
name: Hu, Linfeng
name: Du, Xinlong
name: Sun, Xijing
name: Wang, Ting
name: Mu, Zhiying
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1
Non specific splenic suppressor cells in tumor-bearing mice
Creators: name: Pope, Barbara Lynn
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The progressive growth of tumors in human cancer patients and experimental animals has frequently been associated with a generalized depression of immunological responsiveness. Suppressor cells have been implicated as mediators of tumor-associated immunosuppression, but the identities of the cells causing suppression and the mechanisms by which they act have been unclear. The object of this thesis was thus to determine: if suppressor cells capable of non specifically suppressing immune responses were present in anergic mice bearing methylcholanthrene-induced sarcomas; the cell types responsible for suppression; and the mechanisms by which suppression occurs. The spleens of mice with large tumors were found to contain two distinct populations of non specific suppressor cells. One population inhibited the proliferative responses of normal lymphocytes to the T cell mitogen, Concanavalin A (Con A) and the B cell mitogen, lipopolysaccharide (LPS). These cells also inhibited the generation of antibody forming cells by normal lymphoid cells stimulated in vitro with the T cell dependent antigen, sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and the T cell independent antigen, dinitrophenylated-lipopolysaccharide (DNP-LPS). These suppressor cells appeared to be from the macrophage/monocyte line since they adhered to plastic and nylon wool, were removed by carbonyl iron and magnet, and were inactivated by carragheenan treatment, but were not removed by anti-Thy-1 or anti-mouse immunoglobulin sera plus complement. They were among the less dense spleen cells since they were retained in the light fraction after centrifugation on hypaque-ficoll of specific gravity 1.08 and did not appear to require cell division in order to suppress- since mitomycin C treatment did not inactivate them. Cell-cell contact appeared to be essential for suppression. The second population of suppressor cells, which pelleted to the bottom of a hypaque-ficoll gradient, inhibited only the generation of plaque forming cells to the T cell dependent antigen, SRBC. These cells appeared to be T cells since they were non adherent to plastic or nylon wool, were not removed by carbonyl iron and magnet, but were removed by anti-Thy-1 serum plus complement. Cell division was necessary since suppressive activity was totally removed by mitomycin C treatment. Suppression by this cell type appeared to be mediated by a soluble factor with a molecular weight of about 3,500 to 12,000.
title: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
Creators: name: Peixoto de Queirós, Ricardo Alexandre
name: Teixeira Pinto, Mário Paulo
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Front Matter
subject: Table of Contents
subject: Preface
subject: Conference Organization
subject: Applied computing → Interactive learning environments
subject: Applied computing → E-learning
subject: Applied computing → Computer-managed instruction
subject: Applied computing → Computer-assisted instruction
subject: Security and privacy

description: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
description: OASIcs, Vol. 112, 4th International Computer Programming Education Conference (ICPEC 2023), pages 0:i-0:xii
Additional file 2 of Hypertension, antihypertensive drugs, and age at onset of Huntington’s disease
Creators: name: Zhu, Yahui
name: Li, Mao
name: Bai, Jiongming
name: Wang, Haoran
name: Huang, Xusheng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Material 2
Coupled-cluster pairing models for radicals with strong correlations
Creators: name: Lehtola, Susi
name: Head-Gordon, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pairing hierarchy of perfect pairing (PP), perfect quadruples (PQ) and perfect hextuples (PH) are sparsified coupled cluster models that are exact in a pairing active space for 2, 4, and 6 electron clusters, respectively. We describe and implement three extensions for radicals. First is the trivial generalization that does not correlate radical orbitals. The second model (PQr, PHr) includes terms that entangle pair indices and radical indices such that their maximum total number is 2 for PQ and 3 for PH (like their closed-shell versions). The third family of extended radical models (PPxr, PQxr, and PHxr) include cluster amplitudes that entangle up to 1, 2, and 3 pair indices with up to 1, 2, and 3 radical indices. Notably, PPxr and PQxr are exact for (3e,3o) and (5e,5o), respectively, while still having only $O(N)$ and $O(N^{2}$) amplitudes like their parent models (for $N$ paired electrons). Orbital optimization is considered for PPxr. A series of large-scale numerical tests of these models are presented for spin gaps, and ionization energies of polyenes and polyenyl radicals, ranging in size from ethene and allyl radical up to C$_{22}$H$_{24}$ in full-valence active spaces up to (122e,122o). The xR models perform best.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures
Uniqueness of static decompositions
Creators: name: Gutiérrez, Manuel
name: Olea, Benjamín
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C50, 53C80

description: We classify static manifolds which admit more than one static decomposition whenever a condition on the curvature is fullfilled. For this, we take a standard static vector field and analyze its associated one parameter family of projections onto the base. We show that the base itself is a static manifold and the warping function satisfies severe restrictions, leading us to our classification results. Moreover, we show that certain condition on the lightlike sectional curvature ensures the uniqueness of static decomposition for Lorentzian manifolds.
description: 14 pages
Additional file 1 of A case study of using natural language processing to extract consumer insights from tweets in American cities for public health crises
Creators: name: Wang, Ye
name: Willis, Erin
name: Yeruva, Vijaya K.
name: Ho, Duy
name: Lee, Yugyung
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Appendix. Extracting Themes and Topic Terms.
Joining Forces: Applying Design Thinking Techniques in Scrum Meetings
Creators: name: Dobrigkeit, Franziska
name: Matthies, Christoph
name: Teusner, Ralf
name: Perscheid, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The most prominent Agile framework Scrum, is often criticized for its amount of meetings. These regular events are essential to the empirical inspect-and-adapt cycle proposed by Agile methods. Scrum meetings face several challenges, such as being perceived as boring, repetitive, or irrelevant, leading to decreased cooperation in teams and less successful projects. In an attempt to address these challenges, Agile practitioners have adopted teamwork, innovation, and design techniques geared towards improving collaboration. Additionally, they have developed their own activities to be used in Scrum meetings, most notably for conducting retrospective and planning events. Design thinking incorporates non-designers and designers in design and conceptualization activities, including user research, ideation, or testing. Accordingly, the design thinking approach provides a process with different phases and accompanying techniques for each step. These design thinking techniques can support shared understanding in teams and can improve collaboration, creativity, and product understanding. For these reasons, design thinking techniques represent a worthwhile addition to the Scrum meeting toolkit and can support Agile meetings in preventing or countering common meeting challenges and achieving meeting goals. This chapter explores how techniques from the design thinking toolkit can support Scrum meetings from a theoretical and practical viewpoint. We analyze Scrum meetings' requirements, goals, and challenges and link them to groups of techniques from the design thinking toolkit. In addition, we review interview and observational data from two previous studies with software development practitioners and derive concrete examples. As a result, we present initial guidelines on integrating design thinking techniques into Scrum meetings to make them more engaging, collaborative, and interactive.
Evidence for two-gap superconductivity in (Ba,K)Fe_2As_2 by directional point contact Andreev reflection spectroscopy
Creators: name: Szabo, P.
name: Pribulova, Z.
name: Pristas, G.
name: Bud'ko, S. L.
name: Canfield, P. C.
name: Samuely, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Directional point-contact Andreev-reflection spectroscopy measurements on the Ba$_{0.55}$K$_{0.45}$Fe$_2$As$_2$ single crystals are presented. The spectra show significant differences when measured in the $ab$ plane in comparison with those measured in the $c$ direction of the crystal. In the latter case only a reduced point-contact conductance around zero bias has been revealed persisting well above $T_c$ and probably related to the structural and magnetic transitions in the system. Within the $ab$ plane two superconducting energy gaps are detected below $T_c$. Here a reduced conductance above $T_c$ could also be found. The fits of the $ab$-plane data to the superconducting s-wave two-gap model indicate that the smaller gap has a size below the BCS value while the large gap reveals much higher coupling strength.
description: published version
Maximum Wavelength of Confined Quarks and Gluons and Properties of Quantum Chromodynamics
Creators: name: Brodsky, Stanley J.
name: Shrock, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Because quarks and gluons are confined within hadrons, they have a maximum wavelength of order the confinement scale. Propagators, normally calculated for free quarks and gluons using Dyson-Schwinger equations, are modified by bound-state effects in close analogy to the calculation of the Lamb shift in atomic physics. Because of confinement, the effective quantum chromodynamic coupling stays finite in the infrared. The quark condensate which arises from spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking in the bound state Dyson-Schwinger equation is the expectation value of the operator $\bar q q$ evaluated in the background of the fields of the other hadronic constituents, in contrast to a true vacuum expectation value. Thus quark and gluon condensates reside within hadrons. The effects of instantons are also modified. We discuss the implications of the maximum quark and gluon wavelength for phenomena such as deep inelastic scattering and annihilation, the decay of heavy quarkonia, jets, and dimensional counting rules for exclusive reactions. We also discuss implications for the zero-temperature phase structure of a vectorial SU($N$) gauge theory with a variable number $N_f$ of massless fermions.
description: 6 pages, latex
Magnetically arrested disk flux eruption events to describe SgrA* flares
Creators: name: Antonopoulou, Eleni
name: Loules, Argyrios
name: Nathanail, Antonios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Magnetically arrested disks are among the most suitable candidates for describing the gas accretion and observed emission in the vicinity of supermassive black holes. Aims. This work aims to provide a direct correlation between the quasi-periodic flux eruption events, characteristic of MAD accretion disk simulations, and the observed flaring behavior in the Galactic center. Methods. We employ a MAD accretion disk with a distinct counter-clockwise rotation and investigate the evolution of magnetized flux tubes generated during a prominent flux eruption event. Although these flux tubes demonstrate a clockwise pattern, they experience significant dragging by the accretion disk's rotation. This study models the motion of hot spots, formed on the disk's equatorial plane due to magnetic reconnection, as they travel along the magnetized flux tubes at a fraction of the speed of light. Results. Hot spots with a relativistic ejection velocity are able to balance out the counter-clockwise dragging of the flux tube's foot-point on the disk and demonstrate a clockwise motion in the sky, that is in good agreement with the NIR flares in the Galactic center. In addition, our flare models favor face-on inclinations in the range $[0^\circ, 34^\circ]$ and $[163^\circ, 180^\circ]$ for SgrA*. Conclusions. The flux eruption events that arise naturally in the MAD accretion state provide a promising framework for reproducing the observed flaring behavior in the vicinity of SgrA*.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in A&A
On a symmetry of complex and real multiplication
Creators: name: Nikolaev, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11G15, 46L85

description: It is proved that each lattice with complex multiplication by $f\sqrt{-D}$ corresponds to a pseudo-lattice with real multiplication by $f'\sqrt{D}$, where $f'$ is an integer defined by $f$.
description: 9 pages; to appear Hokkaido Math. J. 44 (2015), No.3
Additional file 2 of Tocilizumab treatment for COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Wei, Qiu
name: Lin, Hua
name: Wei, Rong-Guo
name: Chen, Nian
name: He, Fan
name: Zou, Dong-Hua
name: Wei, Jin-Ru
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Quality assessment of included studies.
Standard Model backgrounds to supersymmetry searches
Creators: name: Mangano, Michelangelo L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work presents a review of the Standard Model sources of backgrounds to the search of supersymmetry signals. Depending on the specific model, typical signals may include jets, leptons, and missing transverse energy due to the escaping lightest supersymmetric particle. We focus on the simplest case of multijets and missing energy, since this allows us to expose most of the issues common to other more complex cases. The review is not exhaustive, and is aimed at collecting a series of general comments and observations, to serve as guideline for the process that will lead to a complete experimental determination of size and features of such SM processes.
description: To appear in the J. Wess memorial volume, "Supersymmetry on the Eve of the LHC", to be published in European Physical Journal C
Quantum wormholes at spatial infinity
Creators: name: Magueijo, João
name: Manchanda, Ganga Singh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the interesting result that the two asymptotically flat Universes classically linked by the Einstein-Rosen bridge may also be quantum mechanically connected in their far out regions. This would be felt by the Newtonian potential far away from a black/white hole system, and raises the possibility of establishing communication via perturbations. We obtain our results by means of wavepackets with a small variance in the mass, solving the equations derived from a maximally symmetry-reduced canonical quantisation method. Mass and a proxy of the Newtonian potential appear as canonical duals, leading to a Heisenberg uncertainty relation between the two. Coherent states are then built, which become non-semiclassical only in two regions: asymptotic spatial infinity (where unitarity forces the packets to ''feel'' the other asymptotic spatial infinity), and inside the horizon at $r=Gm$ where there is ringing. Whilst the latter has been noted in the literature, the former -- the quantum wormhole -- seems to have eluded past scrutiny. Further studies are required to examine the stability of these conclusions beyond their symmetry-reduced test tube.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures. Revised version adds to discussion of phenomenology
title: Age and Sex as Influences on the Food Preferences of Preschool Children
Creators: name: Wilson, Tish
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1976

description: A descriptive -exploratory study on the influences of age and sex on the food preferences of preschool children was undertaken to add to the knowledge of the effects of self-selection on the foods chosen and the order in which they were eaten.
Twenty-eight preschool children (fourteen two-year-olds and fourteen four and one-half-year-olds) were given two trials in which they named, selected, and ate foods from a predetermined array of seven food items.
The results indicate that there is a difference in the order in which the children of this study ate the food items. Both age groups selected candy first, however, the older children revealed the more middle-class value of deferred gratification by saving the candy to eat until last, while the younger children revealed the more immature tendency toward immediate gratification by eating the candy first.
Another finding was that sex appeared to be a factor in the order in which foods were selected and eaten. Boys ate candy first twice as many times as girls ate candy first. While the older boys saved candy until last significantly more than the younger boys, the older girls saved candy until last significantly more than the older boys. The girls showed more maturity than the boys in this study.
The other finding was that for naming the food items, the girls were able to name more items correctly than were the boys, suggesting faster language development among girls. Also age was a factor in naming the food items. The older children named more of the foods and answered rapidly, while the younger children were slower in giving names to the foods and seemed to depend frequently on touch to help confirm their identification.
A Two-Layer Near-Optimal Strategy for Substation Constraint Management via Home Batteries
Creators: name: Melatti, Igor
name: Mari, Federico
name: Mancini, Toni
name: Prodanovic, Milan
name: Tronci, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.8; J.2; C.3
subject: 90C90

description: Within electrical distribution networks, substation constraints management requires that aggregated power demand from residential users is kept within suitable bounds. Efficiency of substation constraints management can be measured as the reduction of constraints violations w.r.t. unmanaged demand. Home batteries hold the promise of enabling efficient and user-oblivious substation constraints management. Centralized control of home batteries would achieve optimal efficiency. However, it is hardly acceptable by users, since service providers (e.g., utilities or aggregators) would directly control batteries at user premises. Unfortunately, devising efficient hierarchical control strategies, thus overcoming the above problem, is far from easy. We present a novel two-layer control strategy for home batteries that avoids direct control of home devices by the service provider and at the same time yields near-optimal substation constraints management efficiency. Our simulation results on field data from 62 households in Denmark show that the substation constraints management efficiency achieved with our approach is at least 82% of the one obtained with a theoretical optimal centralized strategy.
title: Factors Affecting the Oxidative Stability of Foods-Interesterified Soybean Oil with High Intensity Ultrasound Treatment and Trona Mineral in Packaged Fresh Meats
Creators: name: Lee, Jiwon
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2013

description: Oxidation in oils and muscle foods has been studied for many years to understand its mechanism and furthermore to control and manage it. A series of different processing steps or different packaging techniques can alter oxidative stability. The objective of the current study was to examine oxidative stability of processed oil and to evaluate the effect of carbon dioxide generating mineral on quality of beef and chicken under different storage conditions. In Study 1 (Chapter 3), the effect of ultrasound on oxidative stability of interesterified soybean oil and soybean oil was examined. Sonication did not affect oxidation rate until the oils were highly oxidized. Sonicated interesterified soybean oil exhibited a slightly but significantly lower oxidation rate than non-sonicated oil during long-term storage, while sonication of non-interesterified soybean oil led to a significantly higher oxidation rate than in non-sonicated soybean oil after induction period. In Study 2 (Chapter 4), the feasibility of trona as a CO2 producing product in a model system and in modified atmosphere packaging of beef steaks was investigated. Trona was able to generate more carbon dioxide than sodium bicarbonate with salicylic acid in model systems. Steaks stored with trona/acid mixture had similar color stability and delayed lipid oxidation compared to those stored in high oxygen packaging. In Study 3 (Chapter 5), the effect of packets containing trona and acid placed in a simulated self serve retail case and closed butcher case on the quality of ground beef was studied. Mineral packets did not affect color, lipid oxidation, or microbial growth of ground beef since there was not a sufficient amount of moisture to generate CO2 effectively. In Study 4 (Chapter 6), the quality of chicken breast/thigh portions stored with mineral packets was compared to those without mineral packets during extended storage, and mineral packets had an antimicrobial effect of CO2 only on day 15. In conclusion, high intensity ultrasound did not affect the rate of oxidation of oil until the oil had already become noticeably rancid, and mineral packets containing trona and an acid with low water solubility can be used as CO2 generating sachet if sufficient moisture is given.
Manin's conjecture on a nonsingular quartic del Pezzo surface
Creators: name: Leung, Fok-Shuen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14G05

description: Given a nonsingular quartic del Pezzo surface, a conjecture of Manin predicts the density of rational points on the open subset of the surface formed by deleting the lines. We prove that this prediction is of the correct order of magnitude for a particular surface.
description: 29 pages
Strong nebular HeII emission induced by He$^+$ ionizing photons escaping through the clumpy winds of massive stars
Creators: name: Roy, Arpita
name: Krumholz, Mark R.
name: Salvadori, Stefania
name: Meynet, Georges
name: Ekström, Sylvia
name: Vink, Jorick S.
name: Sander, Andreas A. C.
name: Sutherland, Ralph S.
name: Paul, Sourabh
name: Pallottini, Andrea
name: Skúladóttir, Ása
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin of nebular HeII-emission in both local and high-redshift galaxies remains an unsolved problem. Various theories have been proposed to explain it, including HeII-ionization by high mass X-ray binaries, ultra-luminous X-ray sources, or "stripped" He stars, shock ionization, and hidden AGNs. All these theories have shortcomings, however, leaving the cause of nebular HeII emission unclear. We investigate the hypothesis that the photons responsible for driving nebular HeII emissions are produced by the evolution of single massive stars and/or WR stars. We combine models of stellar evolution with population synthesis and nebular models to identify the most favorable scenarios for producing nebular HeII via this channel. We find that, if WR winds are clumpy enough to become close to optically thin, stellar populations with a wide range of metallicities and rotation rates can produce HeII ionizing photons at rates sufficient to explain the observed nebular $I(HeII)/I(\mathrm{H}β)$ ratio $\sim 0.004-0.07$ found in HeII-emitting galaxies. Metal-poor, rapidly rotating stellar populations ($[\mathrm{Fe}/\mathrm{H}]=-2.0$, $v/v_\mathrm{crit}=0.4$) also reach these levels of HeII production even for partially clumpy winds. These scenarios also yield HeII, H$β$, and "Blue-Bump" line equivalent widths comparable to those observed in HeII emitters. Only for laminar, non-clumpy winds, do we fail to find combinations of metallicity and stellar rotation rate that yield $I(HeII)/I(\mathrm{H}β)$ values as high as those observed in HeII-emitters. Contrary to previous findings, we conclude that single WR stars can be a strong source for nebular HeII emission if their winds are sufficiently clumpy allowing significant escape of hard ionizing photons.
description: Published in A&A, 15 pages, 16 figures
title: An Evaluation of a Computer-Based Training on the Visual Analysis of Single-Subject Data
Creators: name: Snyder, Katie
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2013

description: Visual analysis is the primary method of analyzing data in single-subject methodology, which is the predominant research method used in the fields of applied behavior analysis and special education. Previous research on the reliability of visual analysis suggests that judges often disagree about what constitutes an intervention effect. Considering that visual analysis involves a complex set of discriminations and sometimes produces disagreement among experts, it is particularly important to examine methods to train individuals to visually analyze data. Only a handful of studies have investigated the effectiveness of trainings on visual analysis. Most have relied on mechanical methods and/or evaluated the effectiveness of the procedure using a narrow set of graphs (e.g., graphs without slope). The purpose of this study was to evaluate two training methods using graphs with various combinations of effect types. The computer-based training, which includes high rates of practice with feedback, was compared to a lecture condition and a control condition. Results indicate that both training methods (i.e., the computer-based training and the lecture) were more effective than a control condition, but were not substantially different from one another. We discuss the implications of these results for training individuals in visual analysis as well as directions for future research.
title: An Intensive Study of the Practices of Financing Extracurriculum Activities Discovered in Five Utah Secondary Schools
Creators: name: Moore, Irving B.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1952

description: The Evaluation of the effectiveness of the various aspects of our educational activity has long been practiced. Such evaluations have resulted in greater efficiency and widespread improvements in the educational fields. Continued appraisal of those aspects of our extracurricular programs that will result in greater efficiency is an ever present need; and the need for continual improvements in the field of extracurriculum finances assumes greater importance now, since, in the addition to a greater tax burden for education, parents must contribute to the bulk of the funds for the extracurriculum program, in one way or another, through meeting the needs of their children in school, and supporting their activities.
The MAGPI Survey: the subtle role of environment and not-so-subtle impact of generations of stars on galaxy dynamics
Creators: name: Foster, Caroline
name: Bellstedt, Sabine
name: DEugenio, Francesco
name: Poci, Adriano
name: Bagge, Ryan
name: Harborne, Katherine
name: Venville, Thomas
name: Mendel, J. Trevor
name: Lagos, Claudia Del P.
name: Wisnioski, Emily
name: Barone, Tania M.
name: Battisti, Andrew J.
name: Barsanti, Stefania
name: Brough, Sarah
name: Croom, Scott M.
name: Derkenne, Caro
name: Kimmig, Lucas C.
name: Mailvaganam, Anilkumar
name: Remus, Rhea-Silvia
name: Sharma, Gauri
name: Sweet, Sarah M.
name: Thater, Sabine
name: Valenzuela, Lucas M.
name: van de Sande, Jesse
name: Vaughan, Sam P.
name: Ziegler, Bodo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stellar age and mass of galaxies have been suggested as the primary determinants for the dynamical state of galaxies, with environment seemingly playing no or only a very minor role. We use a sample of 77 galaxies at intermediate redshift (z~0.3) in the Middle-Ages Galaxies Properties with Integral field spectroscopy (MAGPI) Survey to study the subtle impact of environment on galaxy dynamics. We use a combination of statistical techniques (simple and partial correlations and principal component analysis) to isolate the contribution of environment on galaxy dynamics, while explicitly accounting for known factors such as stellar age, star formation histories and stellar masses. We consider these dynamical parameters: high-order kinematics of the line-of-sight velocity distribution (parametrised by the Gauss-Hermite coefficients $h_3$ and $h_4$), kinematic asymmetries $V_{\rm asym}$ derived using kinemetry and the observational spin parameter proxy $λ_{R_e}$. Of these, the mean $h_4$ is the only parameter found to have a significant correlation with environment as parametrised by group dynamical mass. This correlation exists even after accounting for age and stellar mass trends. Finally, we confirm that variations in the spin parameter $λ_{R_e}$ are most strongly (anti-)correlated with age as seen in local studies, and show that this dependence is well-established by z~0.3.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in PASA
Additional file 3 of A back propagation neural network approach to estimate the glomerular filtration rate in an older population
Creators: name: Jiang, Shimin
name: Li, Yetong
name: Jiao, Yuanyuan
name: Zhang, Danyang
name: Wang, Ying
name: Li, Wenge
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology

description: Additional file 3: Figure S1.
Scalar radiation emitted from a rotating source around a Reissner-Nordstrom black hole
Creators: name: Crispino, Luis C. B.
name: da Silva, Andre R. R.
name: Matsas, George E. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the radiation emitted from a scalar source in circular orbit around a Reissner-Nordstrom black hole. Particle and energy emission rates are analytically calculated in the low- and high-frequency regimes and shown to be in full agreement with a numerical calculation. Our investigation is connected with the recent discussion on the validity of the cosmic censorship conjecture in the quantum realm.
description: 7 pages, 9 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. D
High flow speeds and transition-region like temperatures in the solar chromosphere during flux emergence
Creators: name: Leenaarts, J.
name: van Noort, M.
name: Rodríguez, J. de la Cruz
name: Danilovic, S.
name: Baso, C. J. Díaz
name: Hilberg, T.
name: Sütterlin, P.
name: Kiselman, D.
name: Scharmer, G.
name: Solanki, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: Flux emergence in the solar atmosphere is a complex process that causes a release of magnetic energy as heat and acceleration of solar plasma at a variety of spatial scales. Methods: We analysed imaging spectropolarimetric data taken in the He 1083 nm line. This line is sensitive to temperatures larger than 15 kK, unlike diagnostics such as \MgIIhk, \CaIIHK, and \Halpha, which lose sensitivity already at 15 kK. The He I data is complemented by imaging spectropolarimetry in the \CaIIK, \Feline, and \Caline\ lines. We employed inversions to determine the magnetic field and vertical velocity in the solar atmosphere. We computed He 1083 nm profiles from a radiation-MHD simulation of the solar atmosphere to help interpretation of the observations. Results: We find fast-evolving blob-like emission features in the He 1083 nm triplet at locations where the magnetic field is rapidly changing direction, and these are likely sites of magnetic reconnection. We fit the line with a model consisting of an emitting layer located below a cold layer representing the fibril canopy. The modelling provides evidence that this model, while simple, catches the essential characteristics of the line formation. The morphology of the emission in the He 1083 nm line is localized and blob-like, unlike the emission in the \CaIIK\ line, which is more filamentary. Conclusions: The modelling shows that the \Heline\ emission features and their Doppler shifts can be caused by opposite-polarity reconnection and/or horizontal current sheets below the canopy layer in the chromosphere. Based on the high observed Doppler width and the blob-like appearance of the emission features, we conjecture that at least a fraction of them are produced by plasmoids. We conclude that transition-region-like temperatures in the deeper layers of the active region chromosphere are more common than previously thought.
description: Abstract abridged. Submitted to A&A, movies available at https://dubshen.astro.su.se/~jleen/hespmov/
"I need a better description'': An Investigation Into User Expectations For Differential Privacy
Creators: name: Cummings, Rachel
name: Kaptchuk, Gabriel
name: Redmiles, Elissa M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Despite recent widespread deployment of differential privacy, relatively little is known about what users think of differential privacy. In this work, we seek to explore users' privacy expectations related to differential privacy. Specifically, we investigate (1) whether users care about the protections afforded by differential privacy, and (2) whether they are therefore more willing to share their data with differentially private systems. Further, we attempt to understand (3) users' privacy expectations of the differentially private systems they may encounter in practice and (4) their willingness to share data in such systems. To answer these questions, we use a series of rigorously conducted surveys (n=2424). We find that users care about the kinds of information leaks against which differential privacy protects and are more willing to share their private information when the risks of these leaks are less likely to happen. Additionally, we find that the ways in which differential privacy is described in-the-wild haphazardly set users' privacy expectations, which can be misleading depending on the deployment. We synthesize our results into a framework for understanding a user's willingness to share information with differentially private systems, which takes into account the interaction between the user's prior privacy concerns and how differential privacy is described.
description: A version of this paper appears in the proceedings of the 28th ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS 2021)
Critical Behavior of a General O(n)-symmetric Model of two n-Vector Fields in D=4-2 epsilon
Creators: name: Pis'mak, Yuri M.
name: Weber, Alexej
name: Wegner, Franz J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The critical behaviour of the O(n)-symmetric model with two n-vector fields is studied within the field-theoretical renormalization group approach in a D=4-2 epsilon expansion. Depending on the coupling constants the beta-functions, fixed points and critical exponents are calculated up to the one- and two-loop order, resp. (eta in two- and three-loop order). Continuous lines of fixed points and O(n)*O(2) invariant discrete solutions were found. Apart from already known fixed points two new ones were found. One agrees in one-loop order with a known fixed point, but differs from it in two-loop order.
description: 23 pages