cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Model details and additional results from Real-time nowcasting and forecasting of COVID-19 dynamics in England: the first wave
Creators: name: Birrell, Paul
name: Blake, Joshua
name: Van Leeuwen, Edwin
name: Gent, Nick
name: De Angelis, Daniela
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: England has been heavily affected by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, with severe ‘lockdown’ mitigation measures now gradually being lifted. The real-time pandemic monitoring presented here has contributed to the evidence informing this pandemic management throughout the first wave. Estimates on the 10th May showed lockdown had reduced transmission by 75%, the reproduction number falling from 2.6 to 0.61. This regionally varying impact was largest in London of 81% (95% CrI: 77%–84%). Reproduction numbers have since then slowly increased, and on 19th June the probability of the epidemic growing was greater than 5% in two regions, southwest and London. By this date, an estimated 8% of the population had been infected, with a higher proportion in London (17%). The infection-to-fatality ratio is 1.1% (0.9%–1.4%) overall but 17% (14%–22%) among the over-75s. This ongoing work continues to be key to quantifying any widespread resurgence, should accrued immunity and effective contact tracing be insufficient to preclude a second wave.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Modelling that shaped the early COVID-19 pandemic response in the UK’.
q-Deformed Kink Solutions
Creators: name: de Lima, A. F.
name: Rodrigues, R. de Lima
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The q-deformed kink of the $λϕ^4-$model is obtained via the normalisable ground state eigenfunction of a fluctuation operator associated with the q-deformed hyperbolic functions. From such a bosonic zero-mode the q-deformed potential in 1+1 dimensions is found, and we show that the q-deformed kink solution is a kink displaced away from the origin.
description: REvtex, 11 pages, 2 figures. Preprint CBPF-NF-005/03, site at http://www.cbpf.br. Revised version to appear in International Journal of Modern Physics A
Integrable Lattice Realizations of Conformal Twisted Boundary Conditions
Creators: name: Chui, C. H. Otto
name: Mercat, Christian
name: Orrick, Will
name: Pearce, Paul A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We construct integrable realizations of conformal twisted boundary conditions for ^sl(2) unitary minimal models on a torus. These conformal field theories are realized as the continuum scaling limit of critical A-D-E lattice models with positive spectral parameter. The integrable seam boundary conditions are labelled by (r,s,ζ) in (A_{g-2},A_{g-1},Γ) where Γis the group of automorphisms of G and g is the Coxeter number of G. Taking symmetries into account, these are identified with conformal twisted boundary conditions of Petkova and Zuber labelled by (a,b,γ) in (A_{g-2}xG, A_{g-2}xG,Z_2) and associated with nodes of the minimal analog of the Ocneanu quantum graph. Our results are illustrated using the Ising (A_2,A_3) and 3-state Potts (A_4,D_4) models.
description: 11 pages, LaTeX. Added some references
title: A Bramble-Pasciak-like method with applications in optimization
Creators: name: Thorne, HS
name: Gould, N I M
name: Stoll, M
name: Wathen, AJ
Publisher: name: STFC
Year: 2008
Subjects: conjugate gradient methods
Krylov subspaces
linear systems
preconditioning
saddle-point problems

description: Saddle-point systems arise in many applications areas, in fact in any situation where extremum principle arises with constraints. The Stokes problem describing slow viscous flow of an incompressible fluid is an example coming form partial differential equations and in the area of Optimization such problems are ubiquitous. In this manuscript we show how new approaches for the solution of saddle-point systems arising in Optimization can be derived from the Bramble-Pasciak Conjugate Gradient approach widely used in PDEs and more recent generalizations thereof. In particular we derive a class of new solution methods based on the use of Preconditioned Conjugate Gradients in non-standard inner products and demonstrate how these can be understood through more standard machinery. We show connections to Constraint Preconditioning and give the results of numerical computations on a number of standard Optimization test examples.
Migration as a Gendered Process: Redefining Domesticity and Displacement
Creators: name: Charitonidou, Marianna
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2022

description: Unauthorised immigration has emerged as a generalised fact in all Western economies in the post-Second World War era. In such a context, mobility and migration are constituting elements of urban society.Taking as a starting point the fact that domesticity is a construction of the nineteenth century, the main objective of this session will be to shed light on how migration challenges the concepts of user, domesticity and citizenship. Saskia Sassen’s understanding of immigration as “a process constituted by human beings with will and agency, with multiple identities and life trajectories beyond the fact of being seen, defined and categorised as immigrants for the purposes of the receiving polity, economy and society” is useful in order to better grasp the impact of migration on the status of public space, leading to a more open conception of it and to the reconceptualization of the notion of place beyond traditional definitions, while challenging the boundaries between what is public, communal and domestic. Migrant incorporation triggers processes of place-making which open up new social and conceptual spaces in the city. Over the last four decades, there is a changing paradigm in migration studies that are gradually paying more and more attention to the gender composition of the migration streams. This trend of studying conjointly gender and migration phenomena becomes more and more dominant. Special attention will be paid to methods of gender and migration scholarship drawing on social science approaches, treating gender as an institutional part of immigration studies and establishing legitimacy for gender in immigration studies. The session aims to reflect on the implications of establishing methods based on the endeavour to merge migration studies, urban studies and gender studies for the perception of the concepts of placemaking, displacement and domesticity, on the one hand, and for how the mobility from city to city is understood within the contemporary transnational context, on the other hand.
Thoughts on Tachyon Cosmology
Creators: name: Gibbons, G. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After a pedagogical review of elementary cosmology, I go on to discuss some obstacles to obtaining inflationary or accelerating universes in M/String Theory. In particular, I give an account of an old No-Go Theorem to this effect. I then describe some recent ideas about the possible rôle of the tachyon in cosmology. I stress that there are many objections to a naive inflationary model based on the tachyon, but there remains the possiblity that the tachyon was important in a possible pre-inflationary Open-String Era preceding our present Closed String Era.
description: 34 pages, no figures. This is the written version of a lecture delivered at the Workshop on the Quantum Structure of Spacetime and the Geometric Nature of Fundamental Interactions held in Leuven from Sept 13th to Sept 19th(2002) which is to appear in the Proceedings in a special issue of Quantum and Classical Gravity
Urban Commons in Addis Ababa and Negotiated Planning
Creators: name: Charitonidou, Marianna
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2022
Subjects: Addis Ababa
urban commons
pro-poor housing
kebele
negotiated planning

description: The paper presents the reasons for which the question of providing housing to low-income citizens has been a real challenge in the case of Addis Ababa during the recent years and will continue to be, given the galloping growth of its population. It examines the tensions between the universal aspirations and the local realities in the case of ‘Addis Ababa Grand Housing Program’ (AAGHP) launched in 2004 and integrated in the ‘Integrated Housing Development Program’ (IHDP) in 2006. The paper draws upon the idea that there is a mutual correspondence between social and spatial structures, placing particular emphasis on the analysis of the IHDP. It aims to render explicit that, in order to shape strategies that take into account the social and cultural aspects of the quotidian life of the poor people in Addis Ababa, it is pivotal to invite them to participate to the decision-making processes regarding their resettlement. Departing from the fact that a large percentage of the housing supply in Addis Ababa consists of informal unplanned housing, the article also compares the commoning practices in kebele houses and condominium units. The former refers to the legal informal housing units owned by the government and rented to their dwellers, whereas the latter concerns the housing blocks built in the framework of the IHDP for the resettlement of the kebele dwellers. The paper analyzes these processes of resettlement, shedding light of the fact that kebele houses were located at the inner city, whereas the condominiums are located in the suburbs. It highlights the advantages of commoning practices in architecture and urban planning, and how the implementation of participation-oriented solutions can respond to the difficulties of providing housing. It argues that urban planning and architecture in Addis Ababa should be based on the principles of  “negotiated planning” approach, which implies a close analysis of the interconnections between planning, infrastructure, and land.
Brachyzapus Gauld and Dubois 2006
Creators: name: Pham, Nhi Thi
name: Broad, Gavin R.
name: Matsumoto, Rikio
name: Wägele, Wolfgang J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Brachyzapus

description: Brachyzapus Gauld and Dubois, 2006
 Brachyzapus Gauld and Dubois, 2006: 544.
 Type-species: Polysphincta tenuiabdominalis Uchida, original designation.
 Diagnosis
 Eyes with scattered, minute hairs; mandible twisted about 60–85 ◦, narrow, upper tooth slightly to distinctly longer than lower; clypeus moderately to strongly convex, separated from face by more or less impressed clypeofacial suture; palpi formula 5: 4; pronotum with upper part of epomia strong and subvertical; mesoscutum moderately long, with impressed notauli, posterolateral flange of mesoscutum strongly broadened; mesopleuron with epicnemial carina well developed, its upper end remote from anterior margin of pleuron; mesopleural sulcus angled opposite mesepisternal scrobe; submetapleural carina complete; propodeum with at least posterior part of lateral longitudinal carina present, posterior transverse carina strong when complete, propodeal spiracle round, not touching pleural carina; tarsal claws of female moderately long, with high basal lobe; fore wing with 3 rs-m entirely absent; hind wing with basal abscissa of M + Cu evenly bowed; distal abscissa of Cu 1 present, spectral; metasoma insertion separated from hind coxal cavities by strong sclerotized bridge; first tergite elongate; second tergite usually with weak anterolateral oblique grooves; ovipositor straight or up-curved at tip, slender, awl-like, without basal ventral swelling.
 Gauld and Dubois (2006) provided a key to genera of the Polysphincta -group and all Vietnamese species of Brachyzapus will key easily to Brachyzapus.
description: Published as part of Pham, Nhi Thi, Broad, Gavin R., Matsumoto, Rikio & Wägele, Wolfgang J., 2012, First record of the genus Brachyzapus Gauld and Dubois (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae) from Vietnam, with descriptions of six new species, pp. 1639-1661 in Journal of Natural History 46 (27 - 28) on page 1640, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2012.679640, http://zenodo.org/record/5200343
A very ampleness result
Creators: name: Laface, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14C20 14F05 14N30

description: Let (M,L) be a polarized manifold and let G(M,L) be the graded algebra generated by H^0(M,iL) in degree i. The aim of this paper is to establish a connection between the generators of G(M,L) and the very ampleness of the line bundle rL. Some applications are given.
description: 9 pages, LaTeX
Additional file 1 of Delivering colon cancer survivorship care in primary care; a qualitative study on the experiences of general practitioners
Creators: name: Vos, Julien A. M.
name: de Best, Robin
name: Duineveld, Laura A. M.
name: van Weert, Henk C. P. M.
name: van Asselt, Kristel M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Regularization modeling for large-eddy simulation
Creators: name: Geurts, Bernard J.
name: Holm, Darryl D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new modeling approach for large-eddy simulation (LES) is obtained by combining a `regularization principle' with an explicit filter and its inversion. This regularization approach allows a systematic derivation of the implied subgrid-model, which resolves the closure problem. The central role of the filter in LES is fully restored, i.e., both the interpretation of LES predictions in terms of direct simulation results as well as the corresponding subgrid closure are specified by the filter. The regularization approach is illustrated with `Leray-smoothing' of the nonlinear convective terms. In turbulent mixing the new, implied subgrid model performs favorably compared to the dynamic eddy-viscosity procedure. The model is robust at arbitrarily high Reynolds numbers and correctly predicts self-similar turbulent flow development.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Physics of Fluids
MAVKA: Program Of Statistically Optimal Determination Of Phenomenological Parameters Of Extrema. Parabolic Spline Algorithm and Analysis of Variability of the Semi-Regular Star Z UMa
Creators: name: Andrych, Kateryna D.
name: Andronov, Ivan L.
name: Chinarova, Lidia L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Advanced MAVKA software for the approximation of extrema observations is used to analyze the variability of the brightness of pulsating and eclipsing stars, but may be useful in analyzing signals of any nature. A new algorithm using a parabolic (quadratic) spline is proposed. In contrast to the traditional definition of a spline as a piecewise-defined function at fixed intervals, a spline is proposed to be divided into three intervals, but the positions of the boundaries between the intervals are additional parameters. The spline defect is 1, that is, the function and its first derivative are continuous and the second derivative can be discontinuous at the boundaries. Such a function is an enhancement of the "asymptotic parabola" (Marsakova and Andronov 1996). The dependence of the fixed signal approximation accuracy on the location of the boundaries of the interval is considered. The parameter accuracy estimates using the least squares method and bootstrap are compared. The variability of the semi-regular pulsating star Z UMa is analyzed. The presence of multicomponent variability of an object, including, four periodic oscillations and significant variability of the amplitudes and phases of individual oscillations is shown.
description: Journal of Physical Studies, 2020, v. 24 (Paper in Ukrainian)
The economics of agriculture in Africa: Notes toward a research program
Creators: name: Udry, Christopher
name: Udry, Christopher
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: agriculture
subject: technology adoption
subject: Africa

description: Why are agricultural yields so low and growing so slowly in Africa? Using simple models, this paper proposes a research program to uncover the reasons for the low levels of input intensity and slow pace of technological innovation in African agriculture. Attention is focused on the relative prices of output and factors of production, credit constraints, imperfect insurance, learning externalities and insecure property rights. A set of research projects is proposed to examine these hypothesized sources of low and slow growing productivity.
In situ thermal ablation augments antitumor efficacy of adoptive T cell therapy
Creators: name: Fumito Ito
name: Trupti D. Vardam
name: Appenheimer, Michelle M.
name: Eng, Kevin H.
name: Gollnick, Sandra O.
name: Muhitch, Jason B.
name: Evans, Sharon S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate whether radiofrequency ablation (RFA) improves the efficacy of adoptive T cell immunotherapy in preclinical mouse cancer models. Method: Mice implanted subcutaneously (sc) with syngeneic colon adenocarcinoma or melanoma were treated with sub-curative in situ RFA (90 °C, 1 min). Trafficking of T cells to lymph nodes (LN) or tumors was quantified by homing assays and intravital microscopy (IVM) after sham procedure or RFA. Expression of trafficking molecules (CCL21 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 [ICAM-1]) on high endothelial venules (HEV) in LN and tumor vessels was evaluated by immunofluorescence microscopy. Tumor-bearing mice were pretreated with RFA to investigate the therapeutic benefit when combined with adoptive transfer of in vitro-activated tumor-specific CD8+ T cells. Results: RFA increased trafficking of naïve CD8+ T cells to tumor-draining LN (TdLN). A corresponding increase in expression of ICAM-1 and CCL21 was detected on HEV in TdLN but not in contralateral (c)LN. IVM revealed that RFA substantially enhanced secondary firm arrest of lymphocytes selectively in HEV in TdLN. Furthermore, strong induction of ICAM-1 in tumor vessels was associated with significantly augmented trafficking of adoptively transferred in vitro-activated CD8+ T cells to tumors after RFA. Finally, preconditioning tumors with RFA augmented CD8+ T cell-mediated apoptosis of tumor targets and delayed growth of established tumors when combined with adoptive T cell transfer immunotherapy. Conclusions: These studies suggest that in addition to its role as a palliative therapeutic modality, RFA may have clinical potential as an immune-adjuvant therapy by augmenting the efficacy of adoptive T cell therapy.
Traffic Forecasting on Traffic Movie Snippets
Creators: name: Wiedemann, Nina
name: Raubal, Martin
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2021
Subjects: TRAFFIC FORECASTINGS (TRANSPORTATION AND TRAFFIC)
Image analysis

description: Advances in traffic forecasting technology can greatly impact urban mobility. In the traffic4cast competition, the task of short-term traffic prediction is tackled in unprecedented detail, with traffic volume and speed information available at 5 minute intervals and high spatial resolution. To improve generalization to unknown cities, as required in the 2021 extended challenge, we propose to predict small quadratic city sections, rather than processing a full-city-raster at once. At test time, breaking down the test data into spatially-cropped overlapping snippets improves stability and robustness of the final predictions, since multiple patches covering one cell can be processed independently. With the performance on the traffic4cast test data and further experiments on a validation set it is shown that patch-wise prediction indeed improves accuracy. Further advantages can be gained with a Unet++ architecture and with an increasing number of patches per sample processed at test time. We conclude that our snippet-based method, combined with other successful network architectures proposed in the competition, can leverage performance, in particular on unseen cities. All source code is available at https://github.com/NinaWie/NeurIPS2021-traffic4cast.
Foveated image processing for faster object detection and recognition in embedded systems using deep convolutional neural networks
Creators: name: Jaramillo-Avila, Uziel
name: Anderson, Sean R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Object detection and recognition algorithms using deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) tend to be computationally intensive to implement. This presents a particular challenge for embedded systems, such as mobile robots, where the computational resources tend to be far less than for workstations. As an alternative to standard, uniformly sampled images, we propose the use of foveated image sampling here to reduce the size of images, which are faster to process in a CNN due to the reduced number of convolution operations. We evaluate object detection and recognition on the Microsoft COCO database, using foveated image sampling at different image sizes, ranging from 416x416 to 96x96 pixels, on an embedded GPU -- an NVIDIA Jetson TX2 with 256 CUDA cores. The results show that it is possible to achieve a 4x speed-up in frame rates, from 3.59 FPS to 15.24 FPS, using 416x416 and 128x128 pixel images respectively. For foveated sampling, this image size reduction led to just a small decrease in recall performance in the foveal region, to 92.0% of the baseline performance with full-sized images, compared to a significant decrease to 50.1% of baseline recall performance in uniformly sampled images, demonstrating the advantage of foveated sampling.
Supplementary figures, tables and explanatory text from Optimizing time-limited non-pharmaceutical interventions for COVID-19 outbreak control
Creators: name: Morgan, Alex L. K.
name: Woolhouse, Mark E. J.
name: Medley, Graham F.
name: Van Bunnik, Bram A. D.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Retrospective analyses into the non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) used to combat the ongoing COVID-19 outbreak have highlighted the potential of optimizing interventions. These optimal interventions allow for policymakers to manage NPIs to minimize the epidemiological and human health impacts of both COVID-19 and the intervention itself. Here, we use a susceptible–infectious–recovered (SIR) mathematical model to explore the feasibility of optimizing the duration, magnitude and trigger point of five different NPI scenarios to minimize the peak prevalence or the attack rate of a simulated UK COVID-19 outbreak. An optimal parameter space to minimize the peak prevalence or the attack rate was identified for each intervention scenario, with each scenario differing with regard to how reductions to transmission were modelled. However, we show that these optimal interventions are fragile, sensitive to epidemiological uncertainty and prone to implementation error. We highlight the use of robust, but suboptimal interventions as an alternative, with these interventions capable of mitigating the peak prevalence or the attack rate over a broader, more achievable parameter space, but being less efficacious than theoretically optimal interventions. This work provides an illustrative example of the concept of intervention optimization across a range of different NPI strategies.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Modelling that shaped the early COVID-19 pandemic response in the UK’.
Enhancing the abscopal effect of radiation and immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies with magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia in a model of metastatic breast cancer
Creators: name: Oei, Arlene L.
name: Preethi Korangath
name: Mulka, Kathleen
name: Helenius, Mikko
name: Coulter, Jonathan B.
name: Stewart, Jacqueline
name: Velarde, Esteban
name: Crezee, Johannes
name: Simons, Brian
name: Stalpers, Lukas J. A.
name: H. Petra Kok
name: Gabrielson, Kathleen
name: Franken, Nicolaas A. P.
name: Ivkov, Robert
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Purpose: Enhancing immune responses in triple negative breast cancers (TNBCs) remains a challenge. Our study aimed to determine whether magnetic iron oxide nanoparticle (MION) hyperthermia (HT) can enhance abscopal effects with radiotherapy (RT) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (IT) in a metastatic TNBC model. Methods: One week after implanting 4T1-luc cells into the mammary glands of BALB/c mice, tumors were treated with RT (3 × 8 Gy)±local HT, mild (HTM, 43 °C/20 min) or partially ablative (HTAbl, 45 °C/5 min plus 43 °C/15 min),±IT with anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 antibodies (both 4 × 10 mg/kg, i.p.). Tumor growth was measured daily. Two weeks after treatment, lungs and livers were harvested for histopathology evaluation of metastases. Results: Compared to untreated controls, all treatment groups demonstrated a decreased tumor volume; however, when compared against surgical resection, only RT + HTM+IT, RT + HTAbl+IT and RT + HTAbl had similar or smaller tumors. These cohorts showed more infiltration of CD3+ T-lymphocytes into the primary tumor. Tumor growth effects were partially reversed with T-cell depletion. Combinations that proved most effective for primary tumors generated modest reductions in numbers of lung metastases. Conversely, numbers of lung metastases showed potential to increase following HT + IT treatment, particularly when compared to RT. Compared to untreated controls, there was no improvement in survival with any treatment. Conclusions: Single-fraction MION HT added to RT + IT improved local tumor control and recruitment of CD3+ T-lymphocytes, with only a modest effect to reduce lung metastases and no improvement in overall survival. HT + IT showed potential to increase metastatic dissemination to lungs.
How to Assess Trustworthy AI in Practice
Creators: name: Zicari, Roberto V.
name: Amann, Julia
name: Bruneault, Frédérick
name: Coffee, Megan
name: Düdder, Boris
name: Hickman, Eleanore
name: Gallucci, Alessio
name: Gilbert, Thomas Krendl
name: Hagendorff, Thilo
name: van Halem, Irmhild
name: Hildt, Elisabeth
name: Kararigas, Georgios
name: Kringen, Pedro
name: Madai, Vince I.
name: Mathez, Emilie Wiinblad
name: Tithi, Jesmin J.
name: Vetter, Dennis
name: Westerlund, Magnus
name: Wurth, Renee
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2022
Subjects: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This report is a methodological reflection on Z-Inspection. Z-Inspection is a holistic process used to evaluate the trustworthiness of AI-based technologies at different stages of the AI lifecycle. It focuses, in particular, on the identification and discussion of ethical issues and tensions through the elaboration of socio-technical scenarios. It uses the general European Union's High-Level Expert Group's (EU HLEG) guidelines for trustworthy AI. This report illustrates for both AI researchers and AI practitioners how the EU HLEG guidelines for trustworthy AI can be applied in practice. We share the lessons learned from conducting a series of independent assessments to evaluate the trustworthiness of AI systems in healthcare. We also share key recommendations and practical suggestions on how to ensure a rigorous trustworthy AI assessment throughout the life-cycle of an AI system.
description: arXiv
title: A note on fast approximate minimum degree orderings for symmetric matrices with some dense rows
Creators: name: Thorne, HS
name: Scott, JA
Publisher: name: STFC
Year: 2008
Subjects: sparse symmetric matrices
dense rows
approximate minimum degree ordering algorithm
ordering algorithms
graph algorithms

description: Recently a number of variants of the approximate minimum degree algorithm have been proposed that aim to efficiently order symmetric matrices containing some dense rows. We compare the performance of these variants on a range of problems and highlight their limitations. This leads us to propose a new variant that offers both speed and robustness.
Schrodinger cat animated on a quantum computer
Creators: name: Chepelianskii, A. D.
name: Shepelyansky, D. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a quantum algorithm which allows to simulate chaos-assisted tunneling in deep semiclassical regime on existing quantum computers. This opens new possibilities for investigation of macroscopic quantum tunneling and realization of semiclassical Schrödinger cat oscillations. Our numerical studies determine the decoherence rate induced by noisy gates for these oscillations and propose a suitable parameter regime for their experimental implementation.
description: research at Quantware MIPS Center http://www.quantware.ups-tlse.fr ; revtex, 4 pages, 4 figures
Displacement of X-Ray Sources from Star Clusters in Starburst Galaxies
Creators: name: Kaaret, P.
name: Alonso-Herrero, A.
name: Gallagher, J. S.
name: Fabbiano, G.
name: Zezas, A.
name: Rieke, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the spatial offsets between X-ray point sources and star clusters in three starburst galaxies. We find that the X-ray sources are preferentially located near the star clusters. Because the star clusters are very good tracers of the star formation activity in the galaxies, this indicates that the X-ray sources are young objects associated with current star formation. We find significant displacements of the X-ray sources from the clusters. These displacements are likely due to motion of the X-ray sources and indicates that they are X-ray binaries. We find that brighter X-ray sources preferentially occur closer to clusters. The absence of very bright sources at large displacements from clusters may help constrain models of the sources.
description: to appear in MNRAS letters, 5 pages, figure 1 is in color, astro-ph version is low resolution
Tailoring the triboelectric output of poly-L-lactic acid nanotubes through control of polymer crystallinity
Creators: name: Margaronis, Kalliope
name: Busolo, Tommaso
name: Nair, Malavika
name: Chalklen, Thomas
name: Kar-Narayan, Sohini
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Paper
Focus on Nanogenerators and Piezotronics
triboelectric materials
energy harvesting
polymer crystallinity
nanotubes
nanogenerator

description: Funder: Emmanuel College (University of Cambridge); doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000609
description: Abstract: Triboelectric devices capable of harvesting ambient mechanical energy have attracted attention in recent years for powering biomedical devices. Typically, triboelectric energy harvesters rely on contact-generated charges between pairs of materials situated at opposite ends of the triboelectric series. However, very few biocompatible polymeric materials exist at the ‘tribopositive’ end of the triboelectric series. In order to further explore the use of triboelectric energy harvesting devices within the body, it is necessary to develop more biocompatible tribopositive materials and look into ways to improve their triboelectric performance in order to enhance the harvested power output of these devices. Poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) is a tribopositive biocompatible polymer, frequently used in biomedical applications. Here, we present a way to improve the triboelectric output of nanostructured PLLA through fine control of its crystallinity via a customised template-assisted nanotube (NT) fabrication process. We find that PLLA NTs with higher values of crystallinity (∼41%) give rise to a threefold enhancement of the maximum triboelectric power output as compared to NTs of the same material and geometry but with lower crystallinity (∼13%). Our results thus pave the way for the production of a viable polymeric and biocompatible tribopositive material with improved power generation, for possible use in implantable triboelectric nanogenerators.
Science Opportunities from Observations of the Interstellar Neutral Gas with Adjustable Boresight Direction
Creators: name: Sokół, Justyna M.
name: Kubiak, Marzena A.
name: Bzowski, Maciej
name: Möbius, Eberhard
name: Schwadron, Nathan A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interstellar neutral (ISN) gas enters the heliosphere and is detected at a few au from the Sun, as demonstrated by Ulysses and the nterstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX) missions. Ulysses observed ISN gas from different vantage points in a polar orbit from 1994 to 2007, while IBEX has been observing in an Earth orbit in a fixed direction relative to the Sun from 2009. McComas et al. 2018 reported about an IMAP-Lo detector on board the Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe (IMAP), with an ability to track the ISN flux in the sky. We present observation geometries for ISN gas for a detector with the capability to adjust the boresight direction along the Earth orbit over a year within a multichoice ISN observation scheme. We study science opportunities from the observations as a function of time during a year and the phase of solar activity. We identify observation geometries and determine the observation seasons separately for various ISN species and populations. We find that using an adjustable viewing direction allows for ISN gas observations in the upwind hemisphere, where the signal is not distorted by gravitational focusing, in addition to the viewing of ISN species throughout the entire year. Moreover, we demonstrate that with appropriately adjusted observation geometries, primary and secondary populations can be fully separated. Additionally, we show that atoms of ISN gas on indirect trajectories are accessible for detection, and we present their impact on the study of the ionization rates for ISN species.
description: 15 figures, 3 tables, 26 pages;
Sicherheit 2022: Aussen-, Sicherheits- und Verteidigungspolitische Meinungsbildung im Trend
Creators: name: Szvircsev Tresch, Tibor
name: Wenger, Andreas
name: De Rosa, Stefano
name: Ferst, Thomas
name: Robert, Jacques
name: Rohr, Patric
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2022
Subjects: Sicherheit

description: Sicherheit
description: ISSN:1424-5698
description: ISBN:978-3-905696-86-8
Twisted K-theory and K-theory of bundle gerbes
Creators: name: Bouwknegt, P.
name: Carey, A. L.
name: Mathai, V.
name: Murray, M. K.
name: Stevenson, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this note we introduce the notion of bundle gerbe K-theory and investigate the relation to twisted K-theory. We provide some examples. Possible applications of bundle gerbe K-theory to the classification of D-brane charges in non-trivial backgrounds are discussed.
description: 29 pages, corrected typos, added references, included new section on twisted Chern character in non-torsion case
Transaction costs and smallholder farmers’ participation in banana markets in the Great Lakes Region of Burundi, Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of Congo
Creators: name: Jagwe, John
name: Machethe, Charles Lepepeule
name: Ouma, Emily
name: Jagwe, John
name: Machethe, Charles Lepepeule
name: Ouma, Emily
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Financial Economics
subject: transaction costs
subject: market participation
subject: smallholder farmers
subject: bananas
subject: Great Lakes Region

description: In this study, the Heckman procedure was used to analyze the way transaction costs affect smallholder farming households’ participation in banana markets in the Great Lakes region of central Africa. The results reaffirm that fixed transaction costs largely determine a farmer’s decision to participate in the market, and that the extent of participation is affected mainly by proportional transaction costs. Access to market information, whether directly or through formal or informal institutional arrangements, is critical for market participation. The size of the household and ownership of means of transport are critical in determining the intensity of market participation. The geographical location of the household affects market participation, since some locations have better infrastructure and hence are more commercialized. Policies aimed at encouraging market information access, investments in rural infrastructure and collective action by farmers may help to lower transaction costs and thus enhance market participation.
What determines the price received by cocoa farmers in Cameroon? An empirical analysis based on bargaining theory
Creators: name: Kamdem, Cyrille Bergaly
name: Galtier, Franck
name: Gockowski, James
name: Helene, David-Benz
name: Egg, Johny
name: Dia, Bernadette Kamgnia
name: Kamdem, Cyrille Bergaly
name: Galtier, Franck
name: Gockowski, James
name: Helene, David-Benz
name: Egg, Johny
name: Dia, Bernadette Kamgnia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Financial Economics
subject: reserve price
subject: asymmetric information
subject: bargaining theory
subject: cocoa
subject: Cameroon

description: Studies have shown that small-scale agricultural producers from developing countries do not generally obtain the potential gains of trade. To investigate what can be done to help them get better prices, we examine ways to increase their bargaining power. Using data from 1,854 cocoa transactions between traders and producers in Cameroon during the 2005/2006 season, we show that when the bargaining situation is least favorable to the producers (because prices are non-negotiable due to interlinked credit and there is information asymmetry) the traders seize the entire surplus generated by the trade. Farmers who can avoid accepting credit from the cocoa buyers and can delay sales until after the start of the school year, when the buyers will not be able to take advantage of the farmers’ financial need, are able to negotiate higher prices. To improve their bargaining situation, Cameroonian cocoa producers need an efficient market information system, better access to credit and the development of collective marketing.
On the dual cascade in two-dimensional turbulence
Creators: name: Tran, Chuong V.
name: Bowman, John C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dual cascade scenario for two-dimensional turbulence driven by a spectrally localized forcing applied over a finite wavenumber range $[k_\min,k_\max]$ (with $k_\min > 0$) such that the respective energy and enstrophy injection rates $ε$ and $η$ satisfy $k_\min^2ε\leη\le k_\max^2ε$. The classical Kraichnan--Leith--Batchelor paradigm, based on the simultaneous conservation of energy and enstrophy and the scale-selectivity of the molecular viscosity, requires that the domain be unbounded in both directions. For two-dimensional turbulence either in a doubly periodic domain or in an unbounded channel with a periodic boundary condition in the across-channel direction, a direct enstrophy cascade is not possible. In the usual case where the forcing wavenumber is no greater than the geometric mean of the integral and dissipation wavenumbers, constant spectral slopes must satisfy $β>5$ and $α+β\ge8$, where $-α$ ($-β$) is the asymptotic slope of the range of wavenumbers lower (higher) than the forcing wavenumber. The influence of a large-scale dissipation on the realizability of a dual cascade is analyzed. We discuss the consequences for numerical simulations attempting to mimic the classical unbounded picture in a bounded domain.
description: 22 pages, to appear in Physica D
Full control of Co valence in isopolar LaCoO3 / LaTiO3 perovskite heterostructures via interfacial engineering
Creators: name: Araizi-Kanoutas, Georgios
name: Geessinck, Jaap
name: Gauquelin, Nicolas
name: Smit, Steef
name: Verbeek, Xanthe
name: Mishra, Shrawan K.
name: Bencok, Peter
name: Schlueter, Christoph
name: Lee, Tien-Lin
name: Krishnan, Dileep
name: Verbeeck, Jo
name: Rijnders, Guus
name: Koster, Gertjan
name: Golden, Mark S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report charge-transfer up to a single electron per interfacial unit cell across non-polar heterointerfaces from the Mott insulator LaTiO3 to the charge transfer insulator LaCoO3. In high-quality bi- and tri-layer systems grown using pulsed laser deposition, soft X-ray absorption, dichroism and STEM-EELS are used to probe the cobalt 3d-electron count and provide an element-specific investigation of the magnetic properties. The experiments prove a deterministically-tunable charge transfer process acting in the LaCoO3 within three unit cells of the heterointerface, able to generate full conversion to 3d7 divalent Co, which displays a paramagnetic ground state. The number of LaTiO3 / LaCoO3 interfaces, the thickness of an additional "break" layer between the LaTiO3 and LaCoO3, and the LaCoO3 film thickness itself in tri-layers provide a trio of sensitive control knobs for the charge transfer process, illustrating the efficacy of O2p-band alignment as a guiding principle for property design in complex oxide heterointerfaces.
Fractal structures of normal and anomalous diffusion in nonlinear nonhyperbolic dynamical systems
Creators: name: Korabel, N.
name: Klages, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A paradigmatic nonhyperbolic dynamical system exhibiting deterministic diffusion is the smooth nonlinear climbing sine map. We find that this map generates fractal hierarchies of normal and anomalous diffusive regions as functions of the control parameter. The measure of these self-similar sets is positive, parameter-dependent, and in case of normal diffusion it shows a fractal diffusion coefficient. By using a Green-Kubo formula we link these fractal structures to the nonlinear microscopic dynamics in terms of fractal Takagi-like functions.
description: 4 pages (revtex) with 4 figures (postscript)
Additional file 1 of What characterizes effective tooth brushing of daily users of powered versus manual toothbrushes?
Creators: name: Petker-Jung, Waldemar
name: Weik, Ulrike
name: Margraf-Stiksrud, Jutta
name: Deinzer, Renate
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Additional file 1. Flow diagram of participant recruitment.
Towards Zero Energy School Building Designs in Hong Kong: A Literature Review
Creators: name: Md. Abdur Rahman
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 120104 Architectural Science and Technology (incl. Acoustics, Lighting, Structure and Ecologically Sustainable Design)
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: A critical review of Lou, S., Tsang, E. K.W., Li, D.H.W., Lee, E. W.M., & Lam, J. C. (2017). Towards zero energy school building designs in Hong Kong. Energy Procedia, 105 (2017), 182-187.
A Health Consciousness Development Model for Thailand During and Post COVID-19
Creators: name: Nawasanan Wongprasit
Publisher: name: หจก.เลิศศิลป์ สาส์ณ โฮลดิ้ง
Year: 2564
Subjects: COVID-19
Emerging disease
Health consciousness development
Pandemic

description: วารสารชุมชนวิจัย มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏนครราชสีมา, 15, 2, 27-40
In-situ vaccination using focused ultrasound heating and anti-CD-40 agonistic antibody enhances T-cell mediated local and abscopal effects in murine melanoma
Creators: name: Mohit Pratap Singh
name: Sethuraman, Sri Nandhini
name: Ritchey, Jerry
name: Fiering, Steven
name: Guha, Chandan
name: Malayer, Jerry
name: Ranjan, Ashish
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer

description: The success of melanoma immunotherapy is dependent on the presence of activated and functional T-cells in tumors. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of local-focused ultrasound (FUS) heating (∼42–45 °C) and in-situ anti-CD-40 agonistic antibody in enhancing T-cell function for melanoma immunotherapy. We compared the following groups of mice with bilateral flank B16 F10 melanoma: (1) Control, (2) FUS, (3) CD-40, and (4) CD-40 + FUS (FUS40). FUS heating was applied for ∼15 min in right flank tumor, and intratumoral injections of CD-40 were performed sequentially within 4 h. A total of 3 FUS and 4 anti-CD-40 treatments were administered unilaterally 3 days apart. Mice were sacrificed 30 days post-inoculation, and the treated tumor and spleen tissues were profiled for T-cell function and macrophage polarization. Compared to all other groups, histology and flow cytometry showed that FUS40 increased the population of tumor-specific CD-4+ and CD-8+ T cells rich in Granzyme B+, interleukin-2 (IL-2) and IFN-γ production and poor in PD-1 expression. In addition, FUS40 promoted the infiltration of tumor-suppressing M1 phenotype macrophages in the treated mice. The resultant immune-enhancing effects of FUS40 suppressed B16 melanoma growth at the treated site by 2–3-folds compared to control, FUS, and CD-40, and also achieved significant abscopal effects in untreated tumors relative to CD40 alone. Additionally, the local FUS40 prevented adverse liver toxicities in the treated mice. Our study suggests that combined FUS and CD-40 can enhance T-cell and macrophage functions to aid effective melanoma immunotherapy.
title: Bernard Seytre, "British say Pasteur Institute slighted their help on AIDS test"
Creators: name: Seytre, Bernard
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: Extrait de Nature, vol. 358, 30 juillet 1992.
description: Source: http://www.calames.abes.fr/pub/ms/Calames-20193111233429260