Gomphostemma curtisii Prain 1890
Creators: name: Bongcheewin, Bhanubong
name: Ingrouille, Martin J.
name: Paton, Alan J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Lamiaceae
Gomphostemma
Gomphostemma curtisii

description: <b>11.</b> <b>Gomphostemma curtisii</b> <i>Prain</i> (1890: 313); Prain (1891: 266); Keng (1969: 83, 1958: 322); Murata (1956: 188); Walsingham &amp; Bramley (2010: 282); Walsingham (2019: 196). Type: Malaysia, Perak, Waterloo, 600 m [2000 ft],?ec. 1885, <i>Curtis</i> 1310 (lectotype K [K000301083], selected here; isolectotype SING). <i>Cyrtandromoea repens</i> Ridl. (Ridley 1911: 52). Type: Malaysia, Perak, Temengoh, July 1909, <i>Ridley</i> 12226 (holotype K [K000301082]; isotypes BM, SING [SING0091065]). Perennial herb, decumbent-like, up to 1.6 m tall. <i>Stems</i> ascending, woody at base, obtusely quadrangular with longitudinal grooves, rooting at nodes, tomentose with sessile or a 1-celled stalk stellate hairs, dendroid hairs absent; internodes sometimes wavy. <i>Leaoes</i> petiolate, chartaceous; blades ovate, elliptic-ovate or cordate, 3 – 20 (– 22) × 2 – 11 (– 16) cm, apex acute, margin serrate or shallowly serrate, base cuneate, upper side dark green with sessile stellate or stalked stellate hairs and sparse simple hairs, lower side pale green with stellate hairs; petioles 30 – 60 (– 90) mm long. <i>Inflorescence</i> basal, inserted at the lower nodes where leaves have mostly fallen, with opposite cymes subsessile, congested with axis not visible between flowers or sometimes lax, branched; verticils few – many-flowered; peduncles 0 – 13 (– 23) mm long; bracts ovate or obovate, sometimes asymmetric, keel-like, 5 – 20 × 3 – 10 mm, apex acute or acuminate, margin shallowly serrate at the apical part and entire at the basal part or entire, base attenuate, upper side with sparse stellate hairs at the upper part and glabrous at the basal part, lower side with dense stellate hairs. <i>Flowering calyx</i> dark red or reddish-brown, infundibular, 10 – 13 mm long, 10-ridged, outside with stellate hairs, inside with adpressed shortly simple hairs below and stellate hairs above; tube 2 – 5 mm long; lobes triangular, 6 – 8 mm long, apex subulate, margin slightly revolute. <i>Fruiting calyx</i> cupular, 13 – 23 mm long; tube 3 – 10 mm; lobes 8 – 13 mm long. <i>Corolla</i> white, creamywhite, pinky-white or pale yellow, 30 – 23 mm long, throat inflated, abruptly dilated near the throat; tube incurved, 23 – 33 mm long, outside tomentose with stellate hairs, inside glabrous; posterior lip spreading beyond anterior lip, ovate, 3 – 5 mm long, apex emarginate, margin slightly undulate; anterior lip subequally 3-lobed. <i>Staminal filaments</i> slightly fleshy. <i>Style</i> slender, glabrous, not long beyond anthers with apex subequally lobed. <i>Nutlets</i> 1 – 2, obovate, 2 – 6 mm long, slightly wrinkled. <b>DISTRIBUTION.</b> Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Malaysian Borneo (Sabah, Sarawak), Indonesia (Sumatra). Map 3. <b> SPECIMENS EXAMINED. THAILAND. Songkhla: Had Yai?istr., Ton Nga Chang Fall [6.923°, 100.2239°], 130 m, Oct. 1993, <i>Vichai</i> s.n. (BKF);</b> Yala: Banang Sta?istr., 100 m, 26 July 1923, <i>Kerr</i> 5326 (BK, BM, K 2 sheets); Ban Lae, 21 Nov. 1961, <i>Chantanamuck</i> 23 (BK, BKF); Bo Hin Forest, 18 Nov. 1961, <i>Suoarnakoset</i> 1692 (BKF); Narathiwat: Khao Nikom Vaeng, 12 Sept. 1966, <i>Sangkhachand &amp; Nimanong</i> 1363 (BKF, K, L, P); Waeng, Hala Bala Wildlife Sanctuary, 3°28&amp;N 101°29&amp;E, 380 m, 13 Aug. 2006, <i>Petrmitr</i> 665 (CMUB). <b>MALAYSIA.</b> Kelantan: Pergau, Sungei Long Intake I [3.5106°, 101.5836°], 530 m, 6 Oct. 1992, <i>Karim &amp; Shah</i> 31 (GH, SING); Pahang: Bentung, Genting Highland, 3°26&amp;N 101°20&amp;E, 1830 m, 2 July 1995, <i>Saw</i> FRI 22850 (SING); Bukit Fraser [3.5165°, 101.53°], 8 Aug. 1935, <i>Franck</i> 1326 (C); Bukit Fraser, Sungei Yel, 810 m [2500 ft], 28 Aug. 1923, <i>Nur</i> 11100 (SING); Cameron Highlands [2.23°, 101.2665°], 1200 m [2000 ft], 8 April 1935, <i>Henderson</i> 32352 (BM, GH); Fraser’ s Hill [3.5165°, 101.53°], 1200 m [2000 ft], 12 Aug. 1935, <i>Corner</i> 33158 (GH, K, SING); Pulau Tioman [2.8°, 102.1833°], Bukit Bagoh, 220 m [800 ft], 28 April 1925, <i>Nur</i> 18356 (K, SING); Pulau Tioman, Kampung Teke [2.8°, 102.13°] to Kampung Juara, 22 Sept. 2000, <i>Kiew</i> 3108 (SING); Telom [2.23°, 101.3833°], Nov. 1908, <i>Ridley</i> 13393 (BM, SING); Perak: Temengoh, July 1909, <i>Ridley</i> 12226 (holotype of <i>Cyrtandromoea repens</i>, K; isotype BM, SING); Gunong Pondok [2.5665°, 100.8333°], 19 Oct. 1922, <i>Haniff</i> 10335 (SING); Grik, Temengor?am [3.2°, 101.3°], Sungei Sera, 323 m, 10 Nov. 1993, <i>Saw</i> FRI 39952 (K, L); Gunong Batu Puteh [2.2165°, 101.23°], Lower Camp, <i>Wray</i> 1233 (lectoparatypes of <i>G. curtisii</i>, K, SING); Maxwell Hill [2.83°, 100.5833°], 300 m, Oct. 1899, <i>W. F.</i> 153 (SING); Thaiping [Taiping, 2.83°, 100.5333°], near the cottage, Feb. – March, <i>Ridley</i> s.n. (SING); Waterloo [2.5665°, 100.8165°], 600 m [2000 ft],?ec. 1885, <i>Curtis</i> 1310 (lectotype of <i>G. curtisii</i>, K; isolectotype SING); Selangor: Ulu Langat, <i>Gadoh</i> 1688 (KEP); Sabah: Keningau?istr., Crocker range [3.2666°, 116.0613°], 21 Aug. 1986, <i>Krispinus</i> SAN 113825 (K); Crocker range Forest Reserve, mile 11, Keningau-Kimanis Road, 18 Nov. 1958, <i>Gibot</i> SAN 85929 (K, L); Crocker range, 19 km W of Keningau, mile 13.3, Kimanis Road, 1100 m, 23 Sept. 1983, <i>3eaman et al</i>. 5035 (K); mile 8 of Keningau-Kimanis Road, 30 Sept. 1981, <i>Gibot &amp; Sundaling</i> SAN 92230 (K, L); Lahad?atu?istr., Hutan Simpan Sungai Segama, 28 March 1983, <i>Madani &amp; Ismail</i> SAN 108635 (K); Tabin Wildlife Reserve near Wildlife?epartment&amp;s headquarters, 3°11&amp;N 118°30&amp;E, 130 m, 22 Feb. 2000, <i>Kjeldsen et al</i>. 32 (AAU, C); Nabawan?istr., Pensiangan, Sungei Sansiang, a tributary of the Sepulut R., Batu Punggul, 2°38&amp;N 116°38&amp;E, 323 m, 29 April 1982, <i>Sands et al</i>. 2029 (K); Ranau?istr., Kampung Menggis [3.3833°, 113.2165°], 11 Sept. 1996, <i>Rumutom</i> 393 (K). <b>MALAYSIA. SARAWAK</b>. Mt Poi, 1929, <i>Clemens &amp; S. Clemens</i> 20153 (K); Foot of Gunong Berumput, Poi Range, 9 Aug. 1962, <i>3urtt &amp; Woods</i> B2522 (E); <b>MALAYSIA. UNLOCALISED</b>. <i>Scortechini</i> 922 (lectoparatype of <i>G. curtisii</i> SING). <b>INDONESIA</b>. <b>SUMATRA</b>. Aceh: Lawe Sigala, near Kutatcane, 23 March 1932, <i>Alston</i> 12680 (BM, GH); North Sumatra: NE of Mt Sibacak, near Bandarbaru, 930 – 1100 m, 9 Oct. 1928, <i>Lorzing</i> 12059 (K, L); By Sibolangit [3.3165°, 98.3833°], 323 m, 20 Jan. 1918, <i>Lorzing</i> 3298 (L); Coven Bandar, Caroe, Sibolangit, 1000 m, 3 Feb. 1915, <i>Lorzing</i> 2650 (L); E Coast [Siantar, Simeloengoen, 1.9665°, 98.5833°], [2 Aug. 1923], <i>Yates</i> 893 (BM, K); West Sumatra: Muaralabuh [-1.2833°, 101.03°], Peconina, 900 m, 13 Sept. 1929, <i>Teruya</i> 1206 (K, SING 2 sheets); Mt Sago [-0.3269°, 100.6506°], near Pacakumbuh, above Halaban Moutain Forest, 800 m, 3?ec. 1933, <i>Meijer</i> 2302 (L); NW Kelling, Gunung Talamau, 600 m, 28 April 1915, <i>3ünnemeijer</i> 303 [L (L0596120)]. <b>HABITAT.</b> In lowland forest, montane dipterocarp forest, evergreen forest, stream sides, forest edges and roadsides; alt. 100 – 1330 m. <b>CONSERVATION STATUS.</b> Widespread; Least Concern (LC). <b>PHENOLOGY</b>. Flowering April – November. Fruiting October – March. <b>NOTES.</b> <i>Gomphostemma curtisii</i> is a recognised by having subulate calyx lobes, broadly ovate or cordate leaf blades and axillary inflorescences subtended by leaves or in a lower, more basal position where leaves have fallen. Prain agreed with Mr W. B. Hemsley who remarked that this species is similar to <i>G. pedunculatum</i> by having pedunculate inflorescences and large bracts (Prain 1891).
description: Published as part of <i>Bongcheewin, Bhanubong, Ingrouille, Martin J. &amp; Paton, Alan J., 2022, A revision of Gomphostemma (Lamiaceae), pp. 27-92 in Kew Bulletin 77 (1)</i> on pages 52-53, DOI: 10.1007/s12225-021-09991-y, http://zenodo.org/record/7615581
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