cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Understanding the temporal variation of flow direction in a complex karst system (Planinska Jama, Slovenia)
Creators: name: Kaufmann, Georg
name: Mayaud, Cyril
name: Kogovšek, Blaž
name: Gabrovšek, Franci
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Karst aquifer
subject: groundwater hydraulics
subject: speleohydrology
subject: modelling
subject: Notranjski kras
subject: Slovenia
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::551 Geologie, Hydrologie, Meteorologie

description: Karst aquifers are abundant, but vulnerable water resources. Therefore, a deeper understanding of possible mechanisms that determine the properties of karst springs is crucial. In this work, we present an example of Unica Spring and Malni Spring, the two main outlets of a large karst system in the Notranjska karst region, Slovenia. Although the two springs share same catchment area, the flow distribution between them shows an interesting behaviour: At low-flow conditions Malni Spring is the main outlet, while Unica spring receives almost no water. During high water events, discharge of Malni Spring stays limited and Unica Spring becomes the main outlet. We relate these observations to the local geometry of the channels and breakdowns in the remote part of the Planinska Jama (Planina Cave), called Mysterious Lake. There, waters from Rakov kocjan and Javorniki aquifer merge and further diverge to both springs. At low water conditions, the outflow towards the Unica Spring is restricted by the breakdown, so that most of the inflow is directed towards the Malni Spring. With increasing recharge, the level in Mysterious Lake rises until the water starts to flow over the breakdown along a system of large channels (Rak Branch of Planinska Jama) to the Unica Spring. The breakdown level keeps the hydraulic head and the flow towards Malni Spring limited. To verify this scenario, a hydraulic conduit model was made based on the known and predicted channels, and inflows calculated from the historical data of discharge measurements at related springs and ponors. An inversion procedure was used to obtain a satisfactory fit to the observed discharge data and to constrain the selected model parameters. The model accurately reproduced the observed discharge behaviour under low- and high-flow conditions.
Casimir energy for a spherical boundary within the surface impedance approach: Obtaining negative values
Creators: name: Rosa, Luigi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the Casimir Energy of a spherical region using a Surface Impedance approach. We characterize the Surface Impedance of the boundary using plasma model. Exact analytical formulae are obtained by means of the zeta function regularization method and all the divergencies are explicitly computed. We find that it is possible to have negative Casimir energy for some range of values of the relevant parameter. Limits of applicability of the model are discussed.
description: misprints corrected
Freigeformte römische Kochtöpfe mit Herstellersignaturen aus dem westlichen Hochrheintal
Creators: name: Scholz, Markus
Publisher: name: Archäologische Nachrichten aus Baden
Year: 2019

description: Archäologische Nachrichten aus Baden, Bd. 63 (2000): Archäologische Nachrichten aus Baden
Argon 1s(-2) Auger hypersatellites
Creators: name: Püttner, Ralph
name: Li, Yongjun
name: Zeng, Jiaolong
name: Koulentianos, Dimitris
name: Marchenko, Tatiana
name: Guillemin, Renaud
name: Journel, Loïc
name: Travnikova, Oksana
name: Zmerli, Moustafa
name: Céolin, Denis
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: double core hole
subject: Auger spectroscopy
subject: HAXPES
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: The 1s(-2) Auger hypersatellite spectrum of argon is studied experimentally and theoretically. In total, three transitions to the final states 1s(-1)2p(-2)(S-2(e),D-2(e)) and 1s(-1)2s(-1)(S-1)2p(-1)(P-2(o)) are experimentally observed. The lifetime broadening of the 1s(-2) -> 1s(-1)2p(-2)(S-2(e),D-2(e)) states is determined to be 2.1(4) eV. For the used photon energy of h nu = 7500 eV a KK/K ionisation ratio of 2.5(3) x 10(-4) is derived. Generally, a good agreement between the experimental and present theoretical energy positions, linewidths, and intensities is obtained.
Extracting the chiral anomaly from gamma pi --> pi pi
Creators: name: Hoferichter, Martin
name: Kubis, Bastian
name: Sakkas, Dimitrios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive dispersive representations for the anomalous process gamma pi --> pi pi with the pi pi P-wave phase shift as input. We investigate how in this framework the chiral anomaly can be extracted from a cross-section measurement using all data up to 1 GeV, and discuss the importance of a precise representation of the gamma pi --> pi pi amplitude for the hadronic light-by-light contribution to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures; version published in Phys. Rev. D
Operator Product Expansion with analytic QCD in tau decay physics
Creators: name: Cvetič, Gorazd
name: Villavicencio, Cristián
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply a recently constructed model of analytic QCD in the Operator Product Expansion (OPE) analysis of the tau lepton decay data in the V+A channel. The model has the running coupling A(Q^2) with no unphysical singularities, i.e., it is analytic. It differs from the corresponding perturbative QCD coupling a(Q^2) at high squared momenta |Q^2| by terms ~ 1/(Q^2)^5, hence it does not contradict the ITEP OPE philosophy and can be consistently applied with OPE up to terms of dimension D=8. In evaluations for the Adler function we use a Pade-related renormalization-scale-independent resummation, applicable in any analytic QCD model. Applying the Borel sum rules in the Q^2 plane along rays of the complex Borel scale and comparing with ALEPH data of 1998, we obtain the gluon condensate value = 0.0055 +- 0.0047 GeV^4. Consideration of the D=6 term gives us the result = (-0.5 +- 1.1) 10^{-3} GeV^6, not incompatible with nonnegative values. The real Borel transform gives us then, for the central values of the two condensates, a good agreement with the experimental results in the entire considered interval of the Borel scales M^2. In perturbative QCD in MSbar scheme we deduce similar result for the gluon condensate, 0.0059 +- 0.0049 GeV^4, but the value of D=6 condensate is negative, = (-1.8 +- 0.9) 10^{-3} GeV^6, and the resulting real Borel transform for the central values is close to the lower bound of the experimental band.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures. In comparison with v2: rewritten and extended Section II; Section III refers to a new Appendix A; the results in Section IV are obtained by the standard minimization involving chi^2; Conclusions include a comparison with other results in the literature for the gluon condensate; new references [47] and [58]. To appear in PRD
CALCULATIONS FOR THE INCREASING RADIUS AND MASS OF THE EARTH
Creators: name: Hohner, Jack
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Dark Matter theory and Dark Energy theory have caused physics research to include analysis of matter and energy in heretofore non-researched applications.  This analysis applies mathematical deduction to know momentum anomalies with the intention to reveal possible alternate explanations.  Momentum anomalies included in this study include unexplained galaxy rotation velocities, increasing altitude of the moon, the Pioneer 11 slowdown anomaly, the slowing rotation of the Earth, and fly by anomalous velocities of satellites.
Seeing the wood despite the trees: Exploring human disturbance impact on plant diversity, community structure, and standing biomass in fragmented high Andean forests
Creators: name: Calbi, Mariasole
name: Fajardo-Gutiérrez, Francisco
name: Posada, Juan Manuel
name: Lücking, Robert
name: Brokamp, Grischa
name: Borsch, Thomas
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: aboveground biomass
subject: biodiversity
subject: bosque altoandino
subject: Colombia
subject: cryptic forest degradation
subject: understory
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: High Andean forests harbor a remarkably high biodiversity and play a key role in providing vital ecosystem services for neighboring cities and settlements. However, they are among the most fragmented and threatened ecosystems in the neotropics. To preserve their unique biodiversity, a deeper understanding of the effects of anthropogenic perturbations on them is urgently needed. Here, we characterized the plant communities of high Andean forest remnants in the hinterland of Bogota in 32 0.04 ha plots. We assessed the woody vegetation and sampled the understory and epiphytic cover. We gathered data on compositional and structural parameters and compiled a broad array of variables related to anthropogenic disturbance, ranging from local to landscape-wide metrics. We also assessed phylogenetic diversity and functional diversity. We employed nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) to select meaningful variables in a first step of the analysis. Then, we performed partial redundancy analysis (pRDA) and generalized linear models (GLMs) in order to test how selected environmental and anthropogenic variables are affecting the composition, diversity, and aboveground biomass of these forests. Identified woody vegetation and understory layer communities were characterized by differences in elevation, temperature, and relative humidity, but were also related to different levels of human influence. We found that the increase of human-related disturbance resulted in less phylogenetic diversity and in the phylogenetic clustering of the woody vegetation and in lower aboveground biomass (AGB) values. As to the understory, disturbance was associated with a higher diversity, jointly with a higher phylogenetic dispersion. The most relevant disturbance predictors identified here were as follows: edge effect, proximity of cattle, minimum fragment age, and median patch size. Interestingly, AGB was efficiently predicted by the proportion of late successional species. We therefore recommend the use of AGB and abundance of late successional species as indicators of human disturbance on high Andean forests.
A Census of Oxygen in Star-Forming Galaxies: An Empirical Model Linking Metallicities, Star Formation Rates and Outflows
Creators: name: Zahid, H. Jabran
name: Dima, Gabriel I.
name: Kewley, Lisa J.
name: Erb, Dawn K.
name: Dave, Romeel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this contribution we present the first census of oxygen in star-forming galaxies in the local universe. We examine three samples of galaxies with metallicities and star formation rates at z = 0.07, 0.8 and 2.26, including the SDSS and DEEP2 surveys. We infer the total mass of oxygen produced and mass of oxygen found in the gas-phase from our local SDSS sample. The star formation history is determined by requiring that galaxies evolve along the relation between stellar mass and star formation rate observed in our three samples. We show that the observed relation between stellar mass and star formation rate for our three samples is consistent with other samples in the literature. The mass-metallicity relation is well established for our three samples and from this we empirically determine the chemical evolution of star-forming galaxies. Thus, we are able to simultaneously constrain the star formation rates and metallicities of galaxies over cosmic time allowing us to estimate the mass of oxygen locked up in stars. Combining this work with independent measurements reported in the literature we conclude that the loss of oxygen from the interstellar medium of local star-forming galaxies is likely to be a ubiquitous process with the oxygen mass loss scaling (almost) linearly with stellar mass. We estimate the total baryonic mass loss and argue that only a small fraction of the baryons inferred from cosmological observations accrete onto galaxies.
description: 24 pages, 18 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Uncertainties in nuclear transition matrix elements for $β^{+}β^{+}$ and $\varepsilon β^{+}$ modes of neutrinoless positron double-$β$ decay within PHFB model
Creators: name: Rath, P. K.
name: Chandra, R.
name: Chaturvedi, K.
name: Lohani, P.
name: Raina, P. K.
name: Hirsch, J. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Uncertainties in the nuclear transition matrix elements $M^{(0ν)}$ and $M^{(0N)}$ of the double-positron emission $(β^{+}β^{+})_{0ν}$ and electron-positron conversion $(\varepsilon β^{+})_{0ν}$ modes due to the exchange of light and heavy Majorana neutrinos, respectively, are calculated for $^{96}$Ru, $^{102}$Pd, $^{106}$Cd, $^{124}$Xe, $^{130}$Ba and $^{156}$Dy isotopes by employing the PHFB model with four different parameterization of the pairing plus multipolar two-body interactions and three different parameterizations of the Jastrow short range correlations. In all cases but for $^{130}$Ba, the uncertainties are smaller than 14% for light Majorana neutrino exchange and 35% for the exchange of a heavy Majorana neutrino.
A probabilistic algorithm for aggregating vastly undersampled large Markov chains
Creators: name: Bittracher, Andreas
name: Schütte, Christof
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Markov chain
subject: Aggregation
subject: Sparse sampling
subject: Metastability
subject: Randomized algorithm
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::510 Mathematik::510 Mathematik

description: Model reduction of large Markov chains is an essential step in a wide array of techniques for understanding complex systems and for efficiently learning structures from high-dimensional data. We present a novel aggregation algorithm for compressing such chains that exploits a specific low rank structure in the transition matrix which, e.g., is present in metastable systems, among others. It enables the recovery of the aggregates from a vastly undersampled transition matrix which in practical applications may gain a speedup of several orders of magnitude over methods that require the full transition matrix. Moreover, we show that the new technique is robust under perturbation of the transition matrix. The practical applicability of the new method is demonstrated by identifying a reduced model for the large-scale traffic flow patterns from real-world taxi trip data.
Ryser's Conjecture for t-intersecting hypergraphs
Creators: name: Bishnoi, Anurag
name: Das, Shagnik
name: Morris, Patrick
name: Szabó, Tibor
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Intersecting hypergraphs
subject: Vertex cover
subject: Ryser's conjecture
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::510 Mathematik::510 Mathematik

description: A well-known conjecture, often attributed to Ryser, states that the cover number of an r-partite r-uniform hypergraph is at most r - 1 times larger than its matching number. Despite considerable effort, particularly in the intersecting case, this conjecture remains wide open, motivating the pursuit of variants of the original conjecture. Recently, Bustamante and Stein and, independently, Kiraly and Tothmeresz considered the problem under the assumption that the hypergraph is t-intersecting, conjecturing that the cover number tau(H) of such a hypergraph His at most r-t. In these papers, it was proven that the conjecture is true for r <= 4t - 1, but also that it need not be sharp; when r = 5 and t = 2, one has tau(H) = 2. We extend these results in two directions. First, for all t = 2 and r <= 3t - 1, we prove a tight upper bound on the cover number of these hypergraphs, showing that they in fact satisfy tau(H) <= left perpendicular(r- t)/2 right perpendicular + 1. Second, we extend the range of tfor which the conjecture is known to be true, showing that it holds for all r <= 36/7t-5. We also introduce several related variations on this theme. As a consequence of our tight bounds, we resolve the problem for k-wise t-intersecting hypergraphs, for all k >= 3 and t >= 1. We further give bounds on the cover numbers of strictly t-intersecting hypergraphs and the s-cover numbers of t-intersecting hypergraphs.
The topological period-index problem over 6-complexes
Creators: name: Antieau, Benjamin
name: Williams, Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14F22, 19L50

description: By comparing the Postnikov towers of the classifying spaces of projective unitary groups and the differentials in a twisted Atiyah-Hirzebruch spectral sequence, we deduce a lower bound on the topological index in terms of the period, and solve the topological version of the period-index problem in full for finite CW complexes of dimension at most 6. Conditions are established that, if they were met in the cohomology of a smooth complex 3-fold variety, would disprove the ordinary period-index conjecture. Examples of higher-dimensional varieties meeting these conditions are provided. We use our results to furnish an obstruction to realizing a period-2 Brauer class as the class associated to a sheaf of Clifford algebras, and varieties are constructed for which the total Clifford invariant map is not surjective. No such examples were previously known.
description: To appear in J. Top
The PhenObs initiative: A standardised protocol for monitoring phenological responses to climate change using herbaceous plant species in botanical gardens
Creators: name: Nordt, Birgit
name: Hensen, Isabell
name: Bucher, Solveig Franziska
name: Freiberg, Martin
name: Primack, Richard B.
name: Stevens, Albert-Dieter
name: Bonn, Aletta
name: Wirth, Christian
name: Jakubka, Desiree
name: Plos, Carolin
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: first flowering day
subject: flowering phenology
subject: fruiting phenology
subject: functional traits
subject: growing season length
subject: leaf out
subject: senescence
subject: vegetative phenology
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)

description: Changes in phenology induced by climate change occur across the globe with important implications for ecosystem functioning and services, species performance and trophic interactions. Much of the work on phenology, especially leaf out and flowering, has been conducted on woody plant species. Less is known about the responses in phenology of herbaceous species induced by global change even though they represent a large and important part of biodiversity worldwide. A globally coordinated research effort is needed to understand the drivers and implications of such changes and to predict effects of global change on plant species phenology and related ecosystem processes. Here, we present the rationale of the PhenObs initiative-botanical gardens as a global phenological observation network. The initiative aims to collect data on plant phenology in botanical gardens which will be used alongside information on plant traits and site conditions to answer questions related to the consequences of global change: What is the variation in plant phenology in herbaceous species across the growing season and in response to changes in climate? How can plant phenology be predicted from species' trait composition, provenance, position and extent of the distribution range and species' phylogeny? What are the implications of this variation with respect to species performance and assembly, biotic interactions (e.g. plant-pollinator interactions) as well as ecosystem processes and services under changing land use and climate? Here, we lay out the development of a straightforward protocol that is appropriate for monitoring phenology across a vast diversity of growth forms of herbaceous species from various habitats and geographical regions. To focus on a key number of stages necessary to capture all aspects of plant species phenology, we analysed associations between 14 phenological stages. These data were derived from a 2-year study on 199 species in four German botanical gardens. Based on the relationships of the phenological stages, we propose to monitor three vegetative stages ('initial growth', 'leaves unfolding' and 'senescence') and two reproductive stages ('flowers open' and 'ripe fruits') to fully capture herbaceous species phenology. A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
Thomas Bufe, Gartenreise - Ein Führer durch Gärten und Parks in Ostwestfalen-Lippe
Creators: name: Rasch, Matthias
Publisher: name: Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege
Year: 2018

description: Rezension zu: Thomas Bufe, Gartenreise - Ein Führer durch Gärten und Parks in Ostwestfalen-Lippe, Hrsg. vom Landschaftsverband Westfalen-Lippe und dem Westfälischen Amt für Landes- und Baupflege. 240 S., farbig illustriert. Münster: Landwirtschaftsverlag 2000. ISBN 3-7843-3037-1
description: Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege, Bd. 41 Nr. 3 (2000): Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege
A Graphene-based Hot Electron Transistor
Creators: name: Vaziri, Sam
name: Lupina, Grzegorz
name: Henkel, Christoph
name: Smith, Anderson D.
name: Östling, Mikael
name: Dabrowski, Jarek
name: Lippert, Gunther
name: Mehr, Wolfgang
name: Lemme, Max C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally demonstrate DC functionality of graphene-based hot electron transistors, which we call Graphene Base Transistors (GBT). The fabrication scheme is potentially compatible with silicon technology and can be carried out at the wafer scale with standard silicon technology. The state of the GBTs can be switched by a potential applied to the transistor base, which is made of graphene. Transfer characteristics of the GBTs show ON/OFF current ratios exceeding 50.000.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures
Ion-acoustic solitary waves and shocks in a collisional dusty negative ion plasma
Creators: name: Misra, A. P.
name: Adhikary, N. C.
name: Shukla, P. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects of ion-dust collisions and ion kinematic viscosities on the linear ion-acoustic instability as well as the nonlinear propagation of small amplitude solitary waves and shocks (SWS) in a negative ion plasma with immobile charged dusts. {The existence of two linear ion modes, namely the `fast' and `slow' waves is shown, and their properties are analyzed in the collisional negative ion plasma.} {Using the standard reductive perturbation technique, we derive a modified Korteweg-de Vries-Burger (KdVB) equation which describes the evolution of small amplitude SWS.} {The profiles of the latter are numerically examined with parameters relevant for laboratory and space plasmas where charged dusts may be positively or negatively charged.} It is found that negative ion plasmas containing positively charged dusts support the propagation of SWS with negative potential. However, the perturbations with both positive and negative potentials may exist when dusts are negatively charged. The results may be useful for the excitation of SWS in laboratory negative ion plasmas as well as for observation in space plasmas where charged dusts may be positively or negatively charged.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures; To appear in Physical Review E
Anmerkungen zum mittelalterlichen Wohnbau in den Städten der Toskana
Creators: name: Tragbar, Klaus
Publisher: name: Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege
Year: 2018

description: -
description: Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege, Bd. 43 Nr. 3 (2002): Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege
High resolution studies of massive primordial haloes
Creators: name: Latif, M. A.
name: Schleicher, D. R. G.
name: Schmidt, W.
name: Niemeyer, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Atomic cooling haloes with virial temperatures $\rm T_{vir} \geq 10^{4}$ K are the most plausible sites for the formation of the first galaxies and the first intermediate mass black holes. It is therefore important to assess whether one can obtain robust results concerning their main properties from numerical simulations. A major uncertainty is the presence of turbulence, which is barely resolved in cosmological simulations. We explore the latter both by pursuing high-resolution simulations with up to 64 cells per Jeans length and by incorporating a subgrid-scale turbulence model to account for turbulent pressure and viscosity on unresolved scales. We find that the main physical quantities in the halo, in particular the density, temperature and energy density profile, are approximately converged. However, the morphologies in the central 500 AU change significantly with increasing resolution and appear considerably more turbulent. In a systematic comparison of three different haloes, we further found that the turbulence subgrid-scale model gives rise to more compact central structures, and decreases the amount of vorticity. Such compact morphologies may in particular favor the accretion onto the central object.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, matches the accepted version to be published in MNRAS; Accepted 2012 December 18. Received 2012 December 6; in original form 2012 October 5
Current Methods to Investigate Nociception and Pain in Zebrafish
Creators: name: Ohnesorge, Nils
name: Heinl, Celine
name: Lewejohann, Lars
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: zebrafish
subject: animal model
subject: pain
subject: nociception
subject: algogen
subject: analgesic
subject: neuroimaging
subject: refinement
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Pain is an unpleasant, negative emotion and its debilitating effects are complex to manage. Mammalian models have long dominated research on nociception and pain, but there is increasing evidence for comparable processes in fish. The need to improve existing pain models for drug research and the obligation for 3R refinement of fish procedures facilitated the development of numerous new assays of nociception and pain in fish. The zebrafish is already a well-established animal model in many other research areas like toxicity testing, as model for diseases or regeneration and has great potential in pain research, too. Methods of electrophysiology, molecular biology, analysis of reflexive or non-reflexive behavior and fluorescent imaging are routinely applied but it is the combination of these tools what makes the zebrafish model so powerful. Simultaneously, observing complex behavior in free-swimming larvae, as well as their neuronal activity at the cellular level, opens new avenues for pain research. This review aims to supply a toolbox for researchers by summarizing current methods to study nociception and pain in zebrafish. We identify treatments with the best algogenic potential, be it chemical, thermal or electric stimuli and discuss options of analgesia to counter effects of nociception and pain by opioids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or local anesthetics. In addition, we critically evaluate these practices, identify gaps of knowledge and outline potential future developments.
On the Resilience of Routing Tables
Creators: name: Feigenbaum, Joan
name: Godfrey, Brighten
name: Panda, Aurojit
name: Schapira, Michael
name: Shenker, Scott
name: Singla, Ankit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many modern network designs incorporate "failover" paths into routers' forwarding tables. We initiate the theoretical study of the conditions under which such resilient routing tables can guarantee delivery of packets.
description: Brief announcement, PODC 2012
Graphene Sheets with Defined Dual Functionalities for the Strong SARS-CoV-2 Interactions
Creators: name: Donskyi, Ievgen S.
name: Nie, Chuanxiong
name: Ludwig, Kai
name: Trimpert, Jakob
name: Ahmed, Rameez
name: Quaas, Elisa
name: Achazi, Katharina
name: Radnik, Jörg
name: Haag, Rainer
name: Osterrieder, Klaus
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: graphene
subject: graphene-based polyglycerol sulfates
subject: SARS-CoV-2 inhibitor
subject: virucidality
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Search of new strategies for the inhibition of respiratory viruses is one of the urgent health challenges worldwide, as most of the current therapeutic agents and treatments are inefficient. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a pandemic and has taken lives of approximately two million people to date. Even though various vaccines are currently under development, virus, and especially its spike glycoprotein can mutate, which highlights a need for a broad-spectrum inhibitor. In this work, inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 by graphene platforms with precise dual sulfate/alkyl functionalities is investigated. A series of graphene derivatives with different lengths of aliphatic chains is synthesized and is investigated for their ability to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 and feline coronavirus. Graphene derivatives with long alkyl chains (>C9) inhibit coronavirus replication by virtue of disrupting viral envelope. The ability of these graphene platforms to rupture viruses is visualized by atomic force microscopy and cryogenic electron microscopy. A large concentration window (10 to 100-fold) where graphene platforms display strongly antiviral activity against native SARS-CoV-2 without significant toxicity against human cells is found. In this concentration range, the synthesized graphene platforms inhibit the infection of enveloped viruses efficiently, opening new therapeutic and metaphylactic avenues against SARS-CoV-2.
Christa Becker/Winfried Schnorre, Burg Bischofstein an der Mosel
Creators: name: Custodis, Paul-Georg
Publisher: name: Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege
Year: 2018

description: Rezension zu: Christa Becker/Winfried Schnorre, Burg Bischofstein an der
Mosel. Koblenz: Görres Verlag 2002. 243 Seiten, zahlreiche, meist farbige Abbildungen. ISBN 3-935690-02-9
description: Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege, Bd. 43 Nr. 3 (2002): Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege
Explicit Character Formulae for Positive Energy UIRs of D=4 Conformal Supersymmetry
Creators: name: Dobrev, V. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper continues the project of constructing the character formulae for the positive energy unitary irreducible representations of the N-extended D=4 conformal superalgebras su(2,2/N). In the first paper we gave the bare characters which represent the defining odd entries of the characters. Now we give the full explicit character formulae for N=1 and for several important examples for N=2 and N=4.
description: 48 pages, TeX with Harvmac, overlap in preliminaries with arXiv:hep-th/0406154; some comments and references added
Die Nutzungen der Marksburg im 20. Jahrhundert
Creators: name: Dollen, Busso Von Der
Publisher: name: Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege
Year: 2018

description: -
description: Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege, Bd. 43 Nr. 4 (2002): Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege
N-order bright and dark rogue waves in a Resonant erbium-doped Fibre system
Creators: name: He, Jingsong
name: Xu, Shuwei
name: Porseizan, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rogue waves in a resonant erbium-doped fibre system governed by a coupled system of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation and the Maxwell-Bloch equation (NLS-MB equations) are given explicitly by a Taylor series expansion about the breather solutions of the normalized slowly varying amplitude of the complex field envelope $E$, polarization $p$ and population inversion $η$. The n-order breather solutions of the three fields are constructed using Darboux transformation (DT) by assuming periodic seed solutions. What is more, the n-order rogue waves are given by determinant forms with $n+3$ free parameters. Furthermore, the possible connection between our rouge waves and the generation of supercontinuum generation is discussed.
description: 19 papge, 24 figures
Women in Lighting - A big story and a little story …about light, science, and art coming together to investigate light pollution and air pollution…
Creators: name: Gold, Margaret
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Women in Lighting Nederland (WIL-NL) en Instituut lichtontwerpen (iLO)  organiseren een bijzondere avond voor lichtprofessionals. 
Wij kijken uit naar een bijzondere avond met 2 talentvolle sprekers die jou meenemen naar het grensvlak van licht en donker en een korte hands-on activiteit voor de fotoliefhebber.
Yvon Muller, Lichtontwerper | Licht en donker door de ogen van de natuur, van human Centric naar Life centric lighting design (NL)
Margaret Gold, Citizen Science Lab Leiden | A big story about light, science, and art coming together to investigate light pollution and air pollution (EN)
formalighting           Dit WIL-NL en iLO evenement wordt u aangeboden door formalighting  https://www.formalighting.com/ Ben je als lichtprofessional werkzaam bij een fabrikant of distributeur van verlichting dan verzoeken we je vriendelijk om op persoonlijke titel te komen en geen commerciële uitingen voor jouw bedrijf te doen tijdens dit evenement.
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Meer informatie over de avond en de lezingen is op de website van het iLo te vinden, www.lichtontwerpen.nl. Het iLo werkt voor dit evenement samen met Women In Lighting Nederland (WIL-NL). WIL is een wereldwijd digitaal platform dat gezicht geeft aan vrouwen die werkzaam zijn op het gebied van licht en lichtontwerp
On computable approximations of Landau's constant
Creators: name: Rettinger, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: G.1.0

description: We present an algorithm which computes the Landau constant up to any given precision.
Detection of sodium absorption in WASP-17b with Magellan
Creators: name: Zhou, G.
name: Bayliss, D. D. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the detection of sodium absorption in the atmosphere of the extrasolar planet WASP-17b, an inflated 'hot-Jupiter' in a tight orbit around an F6 dwarf. In-transit observations of WASP-17 made with the MIKE spectrograph on the 6.5-m Magellan Telescope were analysed for excess planetary atmospheric absorption in the sodium I 'D' doublet spectral region. Using the interstellar sodium absorption lines as reference, we detect an excess 0.58 \pm 0.13 per cent transit signal, with 4.5σ confidence, at 1.5 Å bandwidth around the stellar sodium absorption feature. This result is consistent with the previous VLT detection of sodium in WASP-17b, confirming that the planet has a highly inflated atmosphere.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures and 2 tables, accepted by MNRAS
Horst Dauer, Schloßbaukunst des Barock von Anhalt-Zerbst
Creators: name: Wirth, Hermann
Publisher: name: Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege
Year: 2018

description: Rezension zu: Horst Dauer, Schloßbaukunst des Barock von Anhalt-Zerbst. Köln/Weimar/Wien: Böhlau Verlag 1999. 383 Seiten (mit Anhang), 193 z. T. farbige und ganzseitige Abbildungen ISBN 3-412-02799-5
description: Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege, Bd. 43 Nr. 4 (2002): Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege
Tricarbonylrhenium(I) Complexes with Tridentate Schiff Bases
Creators: name: Hildebrandt, Sarah
name: Hagenbach, Adelheid
name: Abram, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Rhenium
subject: Carbonyls
subject: Schiff bases
subject: Ligand exchange
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::546 Anorganische Chemie

description: Potentially tridentate, phosphine-containing Schiff bases with P,N,O and P,N,P donor sets have been prepared from 2-(diphenylphosphino)benzaldehyde, salicylaldehyde, 2-aminophenol and 2-((diphenylphosphino)phenyl)methylamine and reacted with (NEt4)(2)[Re(CO)(3)Br-3] in methanol. Deprotonation and the formation of neutral [Re(CO)(3)(L)] complexes with tridentate coordination of the Schiff bases has been obtained for the salicylidene derivatives, while the potential P,N,P ligand L-3 forms [Re(CO)(3)Br(L-3)] with the Schiff base in a bidentate bonding mode. The formation of a cationic [Re(CO)(3)(L-3)](+) complex with tripodal coordination of the organic ligand could be achieved by the addition of Ag(PF6) to the reaction mixture. The obtained rhenium(I) complexes were studied spectroscopically and by X-ray diffraction.
Lattice dynamics and ultrafast energy flow between electrons, spins, and phonons in a 3d ferromagnet
Creators: name: Zahn, Daniela
name: Jakobs, Florian
name: Windsor, Yoav William
name: Seiler, Hélène
name: Vasileiadis, Thomas
name: Butcher, Tim A.
name: Qi, Yingpeng
name: Engel, Dieter
name: Atxitia, Unai
name: Vorberger, Jan
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Demagnetization
subject: Lattice dynamics
subject: Spin dynamics
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: The ultrafast dynamics of magnetic order in a ferromagnet are governed by the interplay between electronic, magnetic, and lattice degrees of freedom. In order to obtain a microscopic understanding of ultrafast demagnetization, information on the response of all three subsystems is required. A consistent description of demagnetization and microscopic energy flow, however, is still missing. Here, we combine a femtosecond electron diffraction study of the ultrafast lattice response of nickel to laser excitation with ab initio calculations of the electron-phonon interaction and energy-conserving atomistic spin dynamics simulations. Our model is in agreement with the observed lattice dynamics and previously reported electron and magnetization dynamics. Our approach reveals that the spin system is the dominating heat sink in the initial few hundred femtoseconds and implies a transient nonthermal state of the spins. Our results provide a clear picture of the microscopic energy flow between electronic, magnetic, and lattice degrees of freedom on ultrafast timescales and constitute a foundation for theoretical descriptions of demagnetization that are consistent with the dynamics of all three subsystems.
Thermopower as sensitive probe of electronic nematicity in iron pnictides
Creators: name: Jiang, Shuai
name: Jeevan, H. S.
name: Dong, Jinkui
name: Gegenwart, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the in-plane anisotropy of the thermoelectric power and electrical resistivity on detwinned single crystals of isovalent substituted EuFe$_{2}$(As$_{1-x}$P$_{x}$)$_2$. Compared to the resistivity anisotropy the thermopower anisotropy is more pronounced and clearly visible already at temperatures much above the structural and magnetic phase transitions. Most remarkably, the thermopower anisotropy changes sign below the structural transition. This is associated with the interplay of two contributions due to anisotropic scattering and orbital polarization, which dominate at high- and low-temperatures, respectively.
description: 8 pages, including supplemental Material
Globally, plant-soil feedbacks are weak predictors of plant abundance
Creators: name: Reinhart, Kurt O.
name: Bauer, Jonathan T.
name: McCarthy-Neumann, Sarah
name: MacDougall, Andrew S.
name: Hierro, José L.
name: Chiuffo, Mariana C.
name: Mangan, Scott A.
name: Heinze, Johannes
name: Bergmann, Joana
name: Joshi, Jasmin
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: community composition
subject: meta-analysis
subject: plant abundance
subject: plant dominance
subject: plant rarity
subject: plant-soil feedbacks
subject: soil biota
subject: species coexistence
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)

description: Plant-soil feedbacks (PSFs) have been shown to strongly affect plant performance under controlled conditions, and PSFs are thought to have far reaching consequences for plant population dynamics and the structuring of plant communities. However, thus far the relationship between PSF and plant species abundance in the field is not consistent. Here, we synthesize PSF experiments from tropical forests to semiarid grasslands, and test for a positive relationship between plant abundance in the field and PSFs estimated from controlled bioassays. We meta-analyzed results from 22 PSF experiments and found an overall positive correlation (0.12 <= r over bar <= 0.32) between plant abundance in the field and PSFs across plant functional types (herbaceous and woody plants) but also variation by plant functional type. Thus, our analysis provides quantitative support that plant abundance has a general albeit weak positive relationship with PSFs across ecosystems. Overall, our results suggest that harmful soil biota tend to accumulate around and disproportionately impact species that are rare. However, data for the herbaceous species, which are most common in the literature, had no significant abundance-PSFs relationship. Therefore, we conclude that further work is needed within and across biomes, succession stages and plant types, both under controlled and field conditions, while separating PSF effects from other drivers (e.g., herbivory, competition, disturbance) of plant abundance to tease apart the role of soil biota in causing patterns of plant rarity versus commonness.
Nuclear-spin dependent parity violation in diatomic molecular ions
Creators: name: Borschevsky, A.
name: Iliaš, M.
name: Dzuba, V. A.
name: Beloy, K.
name: Flambaum, V. V.
name: Schwerdtfeger, P. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nuclear-spin-dependent (NSD) parity violating (PV) effects can be strongly enhanced in diatomic molecules containing heavy atoms. Future measurements are anticipated to provide nuclear anapole moments and strength constants for PV nuclear forces. In light molecules, the NSD electroweak electron-nucleus interaction may also be detected. Here we calculate NSD PV effects for molecular ions. Our calculations are motivated by rapid developments in trapping techniques for such systems at low temperatures.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1201.0582
Anthropogenic and geogenic influences on peri-urban aquifers in semi-arid regions: insights from a case study in northeast Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
Creators: name: Frommen, Theresa
name: Groeschke, Maike
name: Nölscher, Maximilian
name: Koeniger, Paul
name: Schneider, Michael
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Hydrochemistry
subject: Groundwater management
subject: Semi-arid regions
subject: Urbanization
subject: India
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::551 Geologie, Hydrologie, Meteorologie

description: Rapid urbanization has exerted considerable pressure on groundwater resources in Jaipur, India. Peri-urban areas are particularly affected as the public supply infrastructure often does not reach this fast-growing fringe, which often lacks a planning strategy, leading to an informal water supply based on groundwater. At the same time, the hills and historic reservoirs located in these areas are important for groundwater recharge and, therefore, critical for sustainable groundwater-resource management. To understand the local hydrogeology and the role of anthropogenic influences, a 2-year field study was carried out in northeastern Jaipur. The aim was to develop a conceptual model on which a management concept can be built. The study comprised hydrochemical and stable isotope analyses of water samples, depth-to-water measurements, a leveling survey and geophysical investigations. The study revealed that the groundwater from both the Proterozoic hard rock and the overlying Quaternary alluvial aquifer generally does not meet the Indian drinking water thresholds for nitrate concentration and/or total dissolved solids (TDS). While anthropogenic activities are the main source of quantity problems (declining groundwater levels through overabstraction), the biggest quality problems (nitrate up to 550 mg/L and TDS >500 mg/L) are most likely of geogenic origin and only enhanced by anthropogenic impacts. Quantity and quality aspects improve significantly in areas influenced by recharge from the historic reservoirs, leading to the conclusion that artificial recharge structures may be the way forward to improving community water supply and that groundwater protection should be given priority in these areas.
Forming Different Planetary Systems
Creators: name: Zhou, J. -L.
name: Xie, J. -W.
name: Liu, H. -G.
name: Zhang, H.
name: Sun, Y. -S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the increasing number of detected exoplanet samples, the statistical properties of planetary systems have become much clearer. In this review, we summarize the major statistics that have been revealed mainly by radial velocity and transiting observations, and try to interpret them within the scope of the classical core-accretion scenario of planet formation, especially in the formation of different orbital architectures for planetary systems around main sequence stars. Based on the different possible formation routes for different planet systems, we tentatively classify them into three major catalogs: hot Jupiter systems, standard systems and distant giant planet systems. The standard system can be further categorized into three sub-types under different circumstances: solar-like systems, hot Super-Earth systems, sub-giant planet systems. We also review the planet detection and formation in binary systems as well as planets in star clusters.
description: 27 pages, 2 figures, 1 table, published in "Research in Astron. Astrophysics." 2012, 12,1081