cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Hybrid Approach to Stanza Classification in Spanish Poetry
Creators: name: De La Rosa, Javier
name: Pozo, Álvaro Pérez
name: Hernández, Laura
name: De Sisto, Mirella
name: Ros, Salvador
name: Gonzálex-Blanco, Elena
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: poetry
stanzas
stanza classification
knowledge base
machine learning

description: The creation and analysis of poetry have been commonly carried out by hand; with only a few computer-assisted approaches appearing over the years. In the Spanish context, the promise of machine learning is starting to pan out in specific tasks such as metrical annotation and rhythm extraction. Among the possible tasks that comprise the analysis of a poem, identifying the type of a stanza remains underexplored. The classification of the inner structures of verses in which a poem is built upon is an especially relevant task for poetry studies since it complements the structural information of a poem. In this work, we analyzed different computational approaches to stanza classification in the Spanish poetic tradition. We collected a corpus of 5005 stanzas of 46 different types, and created a baseline expert system on a set of rules defined by poetry scholars. We show that this task continues to be hard for computers systems even when leveraging the best performing embeddings. However, combining the knowledge of experts as prior to machine learning approaches yields rates of accuracy around 92%. We believe that this combination of approaches could improve many other tasks, as the rules that govern poetry are somewhat arbitrary and hard for computers to learn from examples.
Do you think it's over? : performance and the "third place" of Greenland's art history
Creators: name: Norman, David Winfield
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: During a performance piece in August 2015, Greenlandic performance artist Jessie Kleemann carried out an homage to a past artwork by Greenlandic-Danish artist Pia Arke: an ephemeral installation composed of used coffee grounds that Arke herself destroyed upon conclusion of the exhibition that had included it. In order to elucidate the relationship established in Kleemann’s work, this thesis will undertake a close analysis of individual artworks by the two artists. The existing literature has portrayed these artists as lone figures, divorced from the mainstream of Greenlandic art, and they have rarely been compared to other Greenlandic artists, yet I argue they share a common method: a performance of history. This thesis will examine the durational and resonant aspects of both works, and through them argue that performance stages a responsive encounter between subject and object, and between historical references and the present. This thesis will highlight how performance has played a much larger role in reevaluating cultural discourses in Greenland than the existing literature suggests. Kleemann and Arke approach history through the durational aspect of temporality. I argue that in their oeuvres, the work of history occurs as a durational process of both presentation and re-presentation, where both the past and the present play active roles in forming historical knowledge.
Five-dimensional warped product space-time with time-dependent warp factor and cosmology of the four-dimensional universe
Creators: name: Guha, Sarbari
name: Chakraborty, Subenoy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we have studied a 5-dimensional warped product space-time with a time-dependent warp factor. This warp factor plays an important role in localizing matter to the 4-dimensional hypersurface constituting the observed universe and leads to a geometric interpretation of dynamical dark energy. The five-dimensional field equations are constructed and its solutions are obtained. The nature of modifications produced by this warp factor in the bulk geometry is discussed. The hypersurface is described by a flat FRW-type metric in the ordinary spatial dimension. It is found that the effective cosmological constant of the four-dimensional universe is a variable quantity monitored by the time-dependent warp factor. The universe is initially decelerated, but subsequently makes a transition to an accelerated phase at later times.
description: 11 pages, no figures, accepted for publication in International Journal of Theoretical Physics
Computational investigations on structural and electronic properties of CuI nanoparticles immobilized on modified poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride), leading to an unexpected but efficient catalyzed synthesis of 1,4-dihydropyridine via Hantzsch pyridine synthesis
Creators: name: Mommahed Heravi, Majid
name: Hosseinnejad, Tayebeh
name: Nazari, Niousha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 30302 Nanochemistry and Supramolecular Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30701 Quantum Chemistry
subject: 39904 Organometallic Chemistry
subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: 30502 Natural Products Chemistry
subject: 30599 Organic Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: 30205 Non-metal Chemistry
subject: Nuclear Chemistry
subject: 30504 Organic Green Chemistry
subject: 30303 Optical Properties of Materials

description: A, quantitative description for the interaction of Cu(I) with poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) modified with 4-aminopyridine (denoted as CuI/SMI complex) is presented using density functional theory (DFT) and quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) approaches. Topological analysis of electron density revealed the existence of effective interactions between Cu(I) ions and the nitrogen in the pyridine ring. Interestingly, the results also showed that there is considerable interaction between Cu(I) and the oxygen of the carbonyl motif in the SMI ligand. Thus, CuI/SMI was examined as a heterogeneous and recyclable catalyst in Hantzsch pyridine synthesis under solvent-free conditions, affording diverse 1,4-dihydropyridines (1,4-DHPs) in excellent yields with relatively short reaction times.
Additional file 1 of Prediction of readmission in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease within one year after treatment and discharge
Creators: name: Chen, Lili
name: Chen, Shiping
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Mental Health

description: Additional file 1: Instuctions for using the XGBoost.
The GALEX Arecibo SDSS Survey II: The Star Formation Efficiency of Massive Galaxies
Creators: name: Schiminovich, David
name: Catinella, Barbara
name: Kauffmann, Guinevere
name: Fabello, Silvia
name: Wang, Jing
name: Hummels, Cameron
name: Lemonias, Jenna
name: Moran, Sean M.
name: Wu, Ronin
name: Giovanelli, Riccardo
name: Haynes, Martha P.
name: Heckman, Timothy M.
name: Basu-Zych, Antara R.
name: Blanton, Michael R.
name: Brinchmann, Jarle
name: Budavari, Tamas
name: Goncalves, Thiago
name: Johnson, Benjamin D.
name: Kennicutt, Robert C.
name: Madore, Barry F.
name: Martin, Christopher D.
name: Rich, Michael R.
name: Tacconi, Linda J.
name: Thilker, David A.
name: Wild, Vivienne
name: Wyder, Ted K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use measurements of the HI content, stellar mass and star formation rates in ~190 massive galaxies with stellar masses greater than 10^10 Msun, obtained from the Galex Arecibo SDSS Survey (GASS) described in Paper I (Catinella et al. 2010) to explore the global scaling relations associated with the bin-averaged ratio of the star formation rate over the HI mass, which we call the HI-based star formation efficiency (SFE). Unlike the mean specific star formation rate, which decreases with stellar mass and stellar mass surface density, the star formation efficiency remains relatively constant across the sample with a value close to SFE = 10^-9.5 yr^-1 (or an equivalent gas consumption timescale of ~3 Gyr). Specifically, we find little variation in SFE with stellar mass, stellar mass surface density, NUV-r color and concentration. We interpret these results as an indication that external processes or feedback mechanisms that control the gas supply are important for regulating star formation in massive galaxies. An investigation into the detailed distribution of SFEs reveals that approximately 5% of the sample shows high efficiencies with SFE > 10^-9 yr^-1, and we suggest that this is very likely due to a deficiency of cold gas rather than an excess star formation rate. Conversely, we also find a similar fraction of galaxies that appear to be gas-rich for their given specific star-formation rate, although these galaxies show both a higher than average gas fraction and lower than average specific star formation rate. Both of these populations are plausible candidates for "transition" galaxies, showing potential for a change (either decrease or increase) in their specific star formation rate in the near future. We also find that 36+/-5% of the total HI mass density and 47+/-5% of the total SFR density is found in galaxies with stellar mass greater than 10^10 Msun. [abridged]
description: 18 pages, 11 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. GASS publications and released data can be found at http://www.mpa-garching.mpg.de/GASS/index.php
Stability of Matter-Antimatter Molecules
Creators: name: Wong, Cheuk-Yin
name: Lee, Teck-Ghee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the stability of matter-antimatter molecules by reducing the four-body problem into a simpler two-body problem with residual interactions. We find that matter-antimatter molecules with constituents (m1+, m2-, m2bar+, m1bar-) possess bound states if their constituent mass ratio m1/m2 is greater than about 4. This stability condition suggests that the binding of matter-antimatter molecules is a rather common phenomenon. We evaluate the binding energies and eigenstates of matter-antimatter molecules (mu+ e-)-(e+ mu-), (pi+ e-)-(e+ pi-), (K+ e-)-(e+ K-), (p e-)-(e+ pbar), (p mu-)-(mu+ pbar), and (K+ mu-)-(mu+ K-), which satisfy the stability condition. We estimate the molecular annihilation lifetimes in their s states.
description: 24 pages, 11 figures
Recovering 3D shape from concept and pose drawings
Creators: name: Bessmeltsev, Mikhail
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: Modern tools to create 3D models are cumbersome and time-consuming. Sketching is a natural way to communicate ideas quickly, and human observers, given a sketch, typically imagine a unique 3D shape; thus, a tool to algorithmically interpret sketches recovering the intended 3D shape would significantly simplify 3D modeling. However, developing such tool is known to be a difficult problem in computer science due to multitude of ambiguities, inaccuracies and incompleteness in the sketches. In this thesis, we introduce three novel approaches in CAD and character modeling that successfully overcome those problems, inferring artist-intended 3D shape from sketches. First, we introduce a system to infer the artist-intended surface of a CAD object from a network of closed 3D curves. Second, we propose a new system for recovering a 3D model of a character, given a single complete drawing and a correspondingly posed 3D skeleton. Finally, we introduce a novel system to pose a 3D character using a single gesture drawing. While developing each system, we derive our key insights from perceptual and artist literature, and confirm our algorithmic choices by various evaluations and comparisons to ground truth data.
A diachronic study of the semi-modal HAVE TO under negation
Creators: name: Hirota, Tomoharu
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: This thesis offers a diachronic corpus-based investigation into a largely ignored aspect of the semi-modal HAVE TO in Late Modern English, namely its behavior under negation. By considering three negation patterns – DO negation, DO-less negation and apparent direct negation – it approaches three broad questions: (1) when and how HAVE TO underwent the changeover from DO-less to DO negation, (2) what status HAVE TO has acquired in the domain of ‘absence of necessity’ and (3) how apparent direct negation, HAVE TO NOT, has been faring. First, I demonstrate that DO negation of HAVE TO was established around the 1870s in American English and around the 1930s in British English. Since the present data reveal that Krug’s (2000) cognitive-functional factors – analogical leveling due to weak entrenchment and bondedness – do not entirely elucidate HAVE TO’s development towards DO negation, I instead propose a constructional approach in which the language user is hypothesized to have an abstraction over the semi-modal HAVE TO and the main verb HAVE, and argue that the abstraction is a critical factor in the change under consideration. Second, I show that negated HAVE TO has become a productive marker of ‘absence of necessity’ over the course of the twentieth century, largely encroaching upon the territory of the central modal NEED NOT. Lastly, historical corpus evidence indicates that HAVE TO NOT has existed only marginally, with no sign of growth even in Present-day English. This, in combination with the acquisition of DO negation, attests to Krug’s (2001) observation that new modals emerging in the Modern English period, where negation and question are normally formed with DO, are expected to develop features typical of Modern English syntax, such as DO-support.
Multi-epoch Near-Infrared Interferometry of the Spatially Resolved Disk Around the Be Star Zeta Tau
Creators: name: Schaefer, G. H.
name: Gies, D. R.
name: Monnier, J. D.
name: Richardson, N.
name: Touhami, Y.
name: Zhao, M.
name: Che, X.
name: Pedretti, E.
name: Thureau, N.
name: Brummelaar, T. ten
name: McAlister, H. A.
name: Ridgway, S. T.
name: Sturmann, J.
name: Sturmann, L.
name: Turner, N. H.
name: Farrington, C. D.
name: Goldfinger, P. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present interferometric observations of the Be star Zeta Tau obtained using the MIRC beam combiner at the CHARA Array. We resolved the disk during four epochs in 2007-2009. We fit the data with a geometric model to characterize the circumstellar disk as a skewed elliptical Gaussian and the central Be star as a uniform disk. The visibilities reveal a nearly edge-on disk with a FWHM major axis of ~ 1.8 mas in the H-band. The non-zero closure phases indicate an asymmetry within the disk. Interestingly, when combining our results with previously published interferometric observations of Zeta Tau, we find a correlation between the position angle of the disk and the spectroscopic V/R ratio, suggesting that the tilt of the disk is precessing. This work is part of a multi-year monitoring campaign to investigate the development and outward motion of asymmetric structures in the disks of Be stars.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal. 27 pages, 7 Figures
Dynamic nonparametric filtering with application to finance
Creators: name: Cheng, Ming-Yen
name: Fan, Jianqing
name: Spokoiny, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: adaptive filtering
subject: volatility estimation
subject: GARCH
subject: exponential smoothing
subject: autoregression
subject: 62P05
subject: 60G35

description: Problems of nonparametric filtering arises frequently in engineering and financial economics. Nonparametric filters often involve some filtering parameters to choose. These parameters can be chosen to optimize the performance locally at each time point or globally over a time interval. In this article, the filtering parameters are chosen via minimizing the prediction error for a large class of filters. Under a general martingale setting, with mild conditions on the time series structure and virtually no assumption on filters, we show that the adaptive filter with filtering parameter chosen by historical data performs nearly as well as the one with the ideal filter in the class, in terms of filtering errors. The theoretical result is also verified via intensive simulations. Our approach is also useful for choosing the orders of parametric models such as AR or GARCH processes. It can also be applied to volatility estimation in financial economics. We illustrate the proposed methods by estimating the volatility of the returns of the S&P500 index and the yields of the three-month Treasury bills.
On the Constancy of the Photon Index of X-ray spectra of 4U~1728-34 through all spectral states
Creators: name: Seifina, Elena
name: Titarchuk, Lev
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of the spectral properties observed in X-rays from Neutron Star X-ray binary 4U~1728-34 during transitions between the low and the high luminosity states when electron temperature kT_e of the Compton cloud monotonically decreases from 15 to 2.5 keV. We analyze the transition episodes from this source observed with BeppoSAX and RXTE. We find that the X-ray broad-band energy spectra of 4U~1728-34 during all spectral states can be modeled by a combination of a thermal (black body-like) component, a Comptonized component (which we herein denote COMPTB) and a Gaussian component. Spectral analysis using this model evidences that the photon power-law index Gamma is almost constant (Gamma=1.99+/-0.02) when kT_e changes from 15 to 2.5 keV during these spectral transitions. We explain this quasi-stability of the index by the model in which the spectrum is dominated by the strong thermal Comptonized component formed in the transition layer (TL) between the accretion disk and neutron star surface. The index quasi-stability takes place when the energy release in the TL is much higher than the flux coming to the TL from the accretion disk. This intrinsic property of neutron star is fundamentally different from that in black hole binary sources for which the index monotonically increases during spectral transition from the low state to high state and saturates at high values of mass accretion rate.
description: 22 pages, 14 figures, 4 Tables to be published in the Astrophysical Journal, August 10, 2011, v. 737
Structural properties of disk galaxies. II. Intrinsic shape of bulges
Creators: name: Mendez-Abreu, J.
name: Simonneau, E.
name: Aguerri, J. A. L.
name: Corsini, E. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) The structural parameters of a magnitude-limited sample of 148 unbarred S0-Sb galaxies were analyzed to derive the intrinsic shape of their bulges. We developed a new method to derive the intrinsic shape of bulges based on the geometrical relationships between the apparent and intrinsic shapes of bulges and disks. The equatorial ellipticity and intrinsic flattening of bulges were obtained from the length of the apparent major and minor semi-axes of the bulge, twist angle between the apparent major axis of the bulge and the galaxy line of nodes, and galaxy inclination. We found that the intrinsic shape is well constrained for a subsample of 115 bulges with favorable viewing angles. A large fraction of them is characterized by an elliptical section (B/A<0.9). This fraction is 33%, 55%, and 43% if using their maximum, mean, or median equatorial ellipticity, respectively. Most are flattened along their polar axis (C2, or equivalently, by the bulges of galaxies with a bulge-to-total ratio B/T>0.3. In particular, bulges with n\leq2 and with B/T\leq0.3 show a larger fraction of oblate axisymmetric (or nearly axisymmetric) bulges, a smaller fraction of triaxial bulges, and fewer prolate axisymmetric (or nearly axisymmetric) bulges with respect to bulges with n>2 and with B/T>0.3, respectively. According to predictions of the numerical simulations of bulge formation, bulges with n\leq2, which show a high fraction of oblate axisymmetric (or nearly axisymmetric) shapes and have B/T\leq0.3, could be the result of dissipational minor mergers. Both major dissipational and dissipationless mergers seem to be required to explain the variety of shapes found for bulges with n>2 and B/T>0.3.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures; accepted for publication in A&A
Operator 4.0: What to Know to Share Knowledge?
Creators: name: Collevecchio, Francesca
name: Barbizzi, Elisa
name: Rivetti, Michele
Publisher: name: Department of Economics and Business Studies, University of Genoa
Year: 2021
Subjects: Organization

description: The Industry 4.0 paradigm represents a significant transformation for organizations that become increasingly automated through the implementation of new disruptive technologies. In this context, knowledge is the primary strategic asset underpinning competitive advantage; therefore, knowledge sharing (KS) is vital for business success as it increases the company knowledge base. Since KS requires the active involvement of the workforce, the paper explores what skills the operator 4.0 must have to facilitate and enhance the KS process through interaction with the workplace and technology infrastructure. Specifically, we argue that operator 4.0 needs a pool of knowledge, i.e., T-shaped skills, to optimally participate and facilitate knowledge transfer within the organization.
Superconductivity and Magnetic Properties of high-quality single crystals of $A_{x}$Fe$_2$Se$_2$ ($A$ = K and Cs)
Creators: name: Ying, J. J.
name: Wang, X. F.
name: Luo, X. G.
name: Wang, A. F.
name: Zhang, M.
name: Yan, Y. J.
name: Xiang, Z. J.
name: Liu, R. H.
name: Cheng, P.
name: Ye, G. J.
name: Chen, X. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We successfully grew the high-quality single crystals of $A_{x}$Fe$_2$Se$_2$ ($A$ = K and Cs) by self-flux method. Sharp superconducting transition was observed for both types of crystals. The crystals show the onset superconducting transition temperatures ($T_{\rm c}$) of 31 K and 30 K for K- and Cs-compounds, respectively, with nearly 100% shielding fraction. The crystals show quite high resistivity in the normal state of more than 160 m$Ω$ cm and 1300 m$Ω$ cm maximum resistivity for $K_{0.86}Fe_2Se_{1.82}$ and $Cs_{0.86}Fe_{1.66}Se_{2}$ single crystals, respectively. Much larger upper critical field $H_{\rm c2}$ is inferred from low-temperature iso-magnetic-field magnetoresistance in these crystals than in FeSe. The anisotropy $H^{ab}_{\rm c2}$(0)/$H^{c}_{\rm c2}$(0) is around 3 for both of the two materials. Anisotropic peculiar magnetic behavior in normal state has been found for $Cs_{0.86}Fe_{1.66}Se_{2}$
description: 5 pages, 5 figs
On the formula of regularized traces
Creators: name: Nazarov, Alexander I.
name: Stolyarov, Dmitriy M.
name: Zatitskiy, Pavel B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34L05

description: We obtain a new simple formula for the regularized traces of singular ordinary differential operators.
Come cambia il lavoro con la tecnologia robotica? Un’analisi organizzativa
Creators: name: Gasparre, Angelo
name: Tirabeni, Lia
Publisher: name: Department of Economics and Business Studies, University of Genoa
Year: 2021
Subjects: Organization

description: The increasing adoption of robotic technology in the workplace is promoting extensive research endeavors on the role of humans in the future of work. In this paper, we present a qualitative multiple-case study about work transformation in robotic-assisted medical rehabilitation. Albeit many studies focus the material technology and its impact on the organization, we see human-robot interaction as a social phenomenon, being processual and relational in nature. We envision technology as the technical plane of work action and study how it transforms as the material technology enlarges and includes the use of robots. Our findings show that the material technology enables a change that entails all the planes of the organizational action: the goals, the technology, and the relations. This transformation does not reduce the role of humans in work activities, but rather it enables a transformation in their action that concerns the modes of coordination and the design of work activities.
Nonlinear suppression of time-reversals in PT-symmetric optical couplers
Creators: name: Sukhorukov, Andrey A.
name: Xu, Zhiyong
name: Kivshar, Yuri S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reveal a generic connection between the effect of time-reversals and nonlinear wave dynamics in systems with parity-time (PT) symmetry, considering a symmetric optical coupler with balanced gain and loss where these effects can be readily observed experimentally. We show that for intensities below a threshold level, the amplitudes oscillate between the waveguides, and the effects of gain and loss are exactly compensated after each period due to {periodic time-reversals}. For intensities above a threshold level, nonlinearity suppresses periodic time-reversals leading to the symmetry breaking and a sharp beam switching to the waveguide with gain. Another nontrivial consequence of linear PT-symmetry is that the threshold intensity remains the same when the input intensities at waveguides with loss and gain are exchanged.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
visone - Software for the Analysis and Visualization of Social Networks
Creators: name: Baur, Michael
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2008
Subjects: Netzwerkanalyse
Algorithmik
Graphentheorie

description: We present the software tool visone which combines graph-theoretic methods for the analysis of social networks with tailored means of visualization. Our main contribution is the design of novel graph-layout algorithms which accurately reflect computed analyses results in well-arranged drawings of the networks under consideration. Besides this, we give a detailed description of the design of the software tool and the provided analysis methods.
A Parametric Level Set Approach to Simultaneous Object Identification and Background Reconstruction for Dual Energy Computed Tomography
Creators: name: Semerci, Oguz
name: Miller, Eric L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dual energy computerized tomography has gained great interest because of its ability to characterize the chemical composition of a material rather than simply providing relative attenuation images as in conventional tomography. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a novel polychromatic dual energy processing algorithm with an emphasis on detection and characterization of piecewise constant objects embedded in an unknown, cluttered background. Physical properties of the objects, specifically the Compton scattering and photoelectric absorption coefficients, are assumed to be known with some level of uncertainty. Our approach is based on a level-set representation of the characteristic function of the object and encompasses a number of regularization techniques for addressing both the prior information we have concerning the physical properties of the object as well as fundamental, physics-based limitations associated with our ability to jointly recover the Compton scattering and photoelectric absorption properties of the scene. In the absence of an object with appropriate physical properties, our approach returns a null characteristic function and thus can be viewed as simultaneously solving the detection and characterization problems. Unlike the vast majority of methods which define the level set function non-parametrically, i.e., as a dense set of pixel values), we define our level set parametrically via radial basis functions (RBF's) and employ a Gauss-Newton type algorithm for cost minimization. Numerical results show that the algorithm successfully detects objects of interest, finds their shape and location, and gives a adequate reconstruction of the background.
Lokaler und nichtlokaler Transport in Normalleiter-Supraleiter-Heterostrukturen
Creators: name: Brauer, Jakob
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2009
Subjects: Supraleitung
Andreev-Reflexion
Nichtlokaler Transport
crossed Andreev reflection

description: In this work the local and nonlocal conductance of mesoscopic normal-metal/superconductor hybrid structures has been measured. Subgap anomalies in both local and nonlocal conductance were observed. For the nonlocal conductance both positive and negative signs were found as a function of energy, hinting at a competition of crossed Andreev reflection and elastic cotunneling. The measured data suggests that the signals are caused by quantum mechanical interference rather than Coulomb interaction.
АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ЛЕКСИКОЛОГИИ
Creators: name: Милованова, Елена
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Современные проблемы лексикологии охватывают широкий круг тем, отражающих динамическое взаимодействие языка и социальных изменений. Ключевые области внимания включают влияние технологий на эволюцию языка, при этом цифровая коммуникация приводит к появлению новой лексики и изменению традиционных языковых структур.
Untersuchungen zum Nanoprägen als Fertigungsverfahren für fluidische Mikro-Nano-Systeme
Creators: name: Schleunitz, Arne
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2009
Subjects: Mikrotechnologie
Heissprägen
Nanoimprint-Lithographie
Oberflächenmodifikation
Biologische Grenzflächen

description: Um die Funktionalität der Mikrosystemtechnik durch die Integration von Nanometerstrukturen erweitern zu können, müssen industriekompatible Produktionstechnologien entwickelt werden. Die Intention der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es, einen möglichen Lösungsansatz durch Untersuchungen zum Nanoprägen als ein für die Nanostrukturierung von Kunststoffen adaptiertes Heissprägeverfahren weiterzuentwickeln und den Nutzen durch Applikationsbeispiele aus dem Bereich der Life-Sciences zu veranschaulichen.
Brain Correlates of Persistent Postural-Perceptual Dizziness: A Review of Neuroimaging Studies
Creators: name: Indovina, Iole
name: Passamonti, Luca
name: Mucci, Viviana
name: Chiarella, Giuseppe
name: Lacquaniti, Francesco
name: Staab, Jeffrey P.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: persistent postural-perceptual dizziness
phobic postural vertigo
chronic subjective dizziness
visually induced dizziness
visual dependency
neuroimaging

description: Persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD), defined in 2017, is a vestibular disorder characterized by chronic dizziness that is exacerbated by upright posture and exposure to complex visual stimuli. This review focused on recent neuroimaging studies that explored the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying PPPD and three conditions that predated it. The emerging picture is that local activity and functional connectivity in multimodal vestibular cortical areas are decreased in PPPD, which is potentially related to structural abnormalities (e.g., reductions in cortical folding and grey-matter volume). Additionally, connectivity between the prefrontal cortex, which regulates attentional and emotional responses, and primary visual and motor regions appears to be increased in PPPD. These results complement physiological and psychological data identifying hypervigilant postural control and visual dependence in patients with PPPD, supporting the hypothesis that PPPD arises from shifts in interactions among visuo-vestibular, sensorimotor, and emotional networks that overweigh visual over vestibular inputs and increase the effects of anxiety-related mechanisms on locomotor control and spatial orientation.
Situationsbewusste Informationsdienste für das arbeitsbegleitende Lernen
Creators: name: Schmidt, Andreas
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wissensreifung
Kontextmanagement
Lernen am Arbeitsplatz
Kompetenzontologien
Empfehlungssysteme

description: Zunehmend werden Lernen und Arbeiten als miteinander verwobene Aktivitäten verstanden, was von existierenden Ansätzen nur unzureichend unterstützt wird, da sie kaum die Arbeitssituation berücksichtigen, in der sie benutzt werden. In dieser Arbeit geht es darum, eine Methodik für die Lernunterstützung zu erarbeiten und auf technischer Ebene situationsbewusste Informationsdienste mittels Kompetenzontologien und Kontextmanagement zu konzipieren und in realen Unternehmensumgebungen zu evaluieren.
On geometrically equivalent S-acts
Creators: name: Katsov, Yefim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20M30, 20M99, 08C05, 20M50

description: In this paper, considering the geometric equivalence for algebras of a variety $_{S}A$ of S-acts over a monoid S, we obtain representation theorems describing all types of the equivalence classes of geometrically equivalent S-acts of varieties $_{S}A$ over groups S.
description: 13 pages, some statements were corrected and improved
Interstellar absorptions towards the LMC: Small-scale density variations in Milky Way disc gas
Creators: name: Nasoudi-Shoar, Soroush
name: Richter, Philipp
name: de Boer, Klaas S.
name: Wakker, Bart P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations show that the ISM contains sub-structure on scales less than 1 pc, detected in the form of spatial and temporal variations in column densities or optical depth. Despite the number of detections, the nature and ubiquity of the small-scale structure in the ISM is not yet fully understood. We use UV absorption data mainly from FUSE and partly from STIS of six LMC stars (Sk-67°111, LH54-425, Sk-67°107, Sk-67°106, Sk-67°104, and Sk-67°101), all located within 5 arcmin of each other, and analyse the physical properties of the Galactic disc gas in front of the LMC on sub-pc scales. We analyse absorption lines of a number of ions within the UV spectral range. Most importantly, interstellar molecular hydrogen, neutral oxygen, and fine-structure levels of neutral carbon have been used in order to study changes in the density and the physical properties of the Galactic disc gas over small angular scales. While most species do not show any significant variation in their column densities, we find an enhancement of almost 2 dex for H_2 from Sk-67°111 to Sk-67°101, accompanied by only a small variation in the OI column density. Based on the formation-dissociation equilibrium, we trace these variations to the actual density variations in the molecular gas. On the smallest spatial scale of < 0.08 pc, between Sk-67°107 and LH54-425, we find a gas density variation of a factor of 1.8. The line of sight towards LH54-425 does not follow the relatively smooth change seen from Sk-67°101 to Sk-67°111, suggesting that sub-structure might exist on a smaller spatial scale than the linear extent of our sight-lines. Our observations suggest that the detected H_2 in these six lines of sight is not necessarily physically connected, but that we are sampling molecular cloudlets with pathlengths < 0.1-1.8 pc and possibly different densities.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
Zero-modes of Non-Abelian Solitons in Three Dimensional Gauge Theories
Creators: name: Eto, Minoru
name: Gudnason, Sven Bjarke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study non-Abelian solitons of the Bogomol'nyi type in N=2 (d=2+1) supersymmetric Chern-Simons (CS) and Yang-Mills (YM) theory with a generic gauge group. In CS theory, we find topological, non-topological and semi-local (non-)topological vortices of non-Abelian kinds in unbroken, broken and partially broken vacua. We calculate the number of zero-modes using an index theorem and then we apply the moduli matrix formalism to realize the moduli parameters. For the topological solitons we exhaust all the moduli while we study several examples of the non-topological and semi-local solitons. We find that the zero-modes of the topological solitons are governed by the moduli matrix H_0 only and those of the non-topological solitons are governed by both H_0 and the gauge invariant field Ω. We prove local uniqueness of the master equation in the YM case and finally, compare all results between the CS and YM theories.
description: 54 pages, 1 figure
Measurements of high energy cosmic rays above 10 PeV with KASCADE-Grande
Creators: name: Cossavella, Fabiana
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2009
Subjects: cosmic rays
KASCADE-Grande
KNN
composition

description: Different aspects of the measurements and reconstruction of extensive air showers generated by cosmic rays in the energy range between 10 PeV and 1000 PeV are investigated. KASCADE-Grande detects at ground level charged particles of extensive air showers and reconstructs the total number of muons and electrons in the shower. On the basis of the correlation between the total number of muons in the showers and the total number of charged particles, a composition estimation is carried out.
Improving the oral health of elderly long-term care residents with support of an oral health coordinator
Creators: name: Shoajei, Azadeh
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: Objective: The goal of this project was to determine whether an oral health coordinator (OHC) could improve the oral hygiene of residents in long term care facilities. Methods: This prospective study utilized 4 LTCFs in Courtenay, Comox Valley on Vancouver Island and included 126 residents with natural teeth (66% female, age range 63–101 years, and 34% male age range 62 -108 years). Residents’ oral hygiene was assessed at baseline and again at a 6-month using the Geriatrics Debris Index-Simplified (GDI-S) and Geriatrics Calculus Index-Simplified (GCI-S). The OHC provided in-service education & training of care aides and nursing staff with respect to daily mouth care over the six-months of the project. Results: The mean number of teeth per resident was 18. At baseline, 73% did not receive help for their daily mouth care, and after examination, 95.2% were recommended to receive assistance with their daily mouth care. A paired-samples t-test revealed no statistically significant difference in (GDI-S) and (GCI-S) measurements between baseline and 6-month follow-up. Conclusion: Although the OHC provided extensive training of care staff, the oral hygiene did not improve.
Cytosolic aggregation of mitochondrial proteins disrupts cellular homeostasis by stimulating the aggregation of other proteins
Creators: name: Nowicka, Urszula
name: Chroscicki, Piotr
name: Stroobants, Karen
name: Sladowska, Maria
name: Turek, Michal
name: Uszczynska-Ratajczak, Barbara
name: Kundra, Rishika
name: Goral, Tomasz
name: Perni, Michele
name: Dobson, Christopher M
name: Vendruscolo, Michele
name: Chacinska, Agnieszka
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Research Article
Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
mitochondria
aggregation
chaperones
neurodegeneration
homeostasis
metastable proteins
S. cerevisiae
C. elegans

description: Funder: William B. Harrison Foundation
description: Mitochondria are organelles with their own genomes, but they rely on the import of nuclear-encoded proteins that are translated by cytosolic ribosomes. Therefore, it is important to understand whether failures in the mitochondrial uptake of these nuclear-encoded proteins can cause proteotoxic stress and identify response mechanisms that may counteract it. Here, we report that upon impairments in mitochondrial protein import, high-risk precursor and immature forms of mitochondrial proteins form aberrant deposits in the cytosol. These deposits then cause further cytosolic accumulation and consequently aggregation of other mitochondrial proteins and disease-related proteins, including α-synuclein and amyloid β. This aggregation triggers a cytosolic protein homeostasis imbalance that is accompanied by specific molecular chaperone responses at both the transcriptomic and protein levels. Altogether, our results provide evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction, specifically protein import defects, contributes to impairments in protein homeostasis, thus revealing a possible molecular mechanism by which mitochondria are involved in neurodegenerative diseases.
Theoretical analysis of the density of states of graphene at high magnetic field using Haldane pseudopotentials
Creators: name: Lim, Lih-King
name: Goerbig, M. O.
name: Bena, Cristina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the density of states in graphene at high magnetic field, when the physics is dominated by strong correlations between electrons. In particular we use the method of Haldane pseudopotentials to focus on almost empty or almost filled Landau levels. We find that, besides the usual Landau level peaks, additional peaks ("sashes") appear in the spectrum. The energies of these peaks are determined by the strength of Haldane's pseudopotentials, but as opposed to the usual two-dimensional gas, when there is a one-to-one correspondence between a Haldane pseudopotential and a peak in the spectrum, the energy of each peak is determined in general by a combination of more than one pseudopotential values. An eventual measure of these peak in the density of states spectrum of graphene would allow one to determine the value of the pseudopotentials in graphene, and thus test the strength of the interactions in this system.
description: 9 pages, 1 table
A study of the photometric variability of the peculiar magnetic white dwarf WD1953-011
Creators: name: Valyavin, G.
name: Antonyuk, K.
name: Plachinda, S.
name: Clark, D. M.
name: Wade, G. A.
name: Machado, L. Fox
name: Alvarez, M.
name: Lopez, J. M.
name: Hiriart, D.
name: Han, Inwoo
name: Jeon, Young-Beom
name: Bagnulo, S.
name: Zharikov, S. V.
name: Zurita, C.
name: Mujica, R.
name: Shulyak, D.
name: Burlakova, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present and interpret simultaneous new photometric and spectroscopic observations of the peculiar magnetic white dwarf WD1953-011. The flux in the V-band filter and intensity of the Balmer spectral lines demonstrate variability with the rotation period of about 1.45 days. According to previous studies, this variability can be explained by the presence of a dark spot having a magnetic nature, analogous to a sunspot. Motivated by this idea, we examine possible physical relationships between the suggested dark spot and the strong-field magnetic structure (magnetic "spot", or "tube") recently identified on the surface of this star. Comparing the rotationally-modulated flux with the variable spectral observables related to the magnetic "spot" we establish their correlation, and therefore their physical relationship. Modeling the variable photometric flux assuming that it is associated with temperature variations in the stellar photosphere, we argue that the strong-field area and dark, low-temperature spot are comparable in size and located at the same latitudes, essentially overlapping each other with a possible slight longitudinal shift. In this paper we also present a new, improved value of the star's rotational period and constrain the characteristics of the thermal inhomogeneity over the degenerate's surface.
description: accepted to the ApJ
3D analysis of mandibular deciduous tooth crypts using μCT imaging
Creators: name: Korada, Anu
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: Objectives: Interactions between the dental follicle and the alveolar bone are tightly coordinated such that the correct amount of support for each tooth is formed. Prior to root formation, bone-tooth interactions may also regulate the shape or size of the crown. Here we measure the increase in tooth and mandibular volume and then go onto to determine whether growth of each crypt is allometric or isometric. Finally we determine whether tooth shape is influenced by local factors. Methods: Fetal heads 12 to 19 weeks were obtained from BC Women’s hospital (N = 25; Protocol H08-02576). Heads were scanned at 50μm resolution, reconstructed and segmented using Amira v5.6 software. Statistical analysis included two-way ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey’s test. Landmark and Morpho J software was used for landmark-based geometric morphometrics. Results: Segmentation of the mandible and crypts revealed that the alveolar bone varied according to the tooth type, surface and age of specimen. The patterns of bone were symmetrical within each specimen. The typical pattern consisted of 1) absence of occlusal bone, 2) presence of gingival bone, 3) interproximal bone on the mesial and distal of the c, 4) varying degrees of buccal bone on the c and m1. Volumetric measurements revealed 3 periods of growth - 12-14 weeks, 15-16 weeks and 17-19 weeks. 3D morphometrics revealed that the buccal landmarks of m1 and c were displaced buccally, gingival landmarks for i1, i2 and c were displaced gingivally and distal landmarks on m2 were displaced mesially. Conclusions: The surprising regional differences in the presence of bone on different sides of the follicle suggests that there must be local signaling mechanisms at work. The high degree of symmetry between the right and left sides further suggests that these regional patterning mechanisms are controlled by genetic rather than environmental mechanisms.
Future management needs of a "software-driven" science community
Creators: name: Nilsson, Kim K.
name: Moeller-Nilsson, Ole
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The work of astronomers is getting more complex and advanced as the progress of computer development occurs. With improved computing capabilities and increased data flow, more sophisticated software is required in order to interpret, and fully exploit, astronomic data. However, it is not possible for every astronomer to also be a software specialist. As history has shown, the work of scientists always becomes increasingly specialised, and we here argue in favour of another, at least partial, split between "programmers" and "interpreters". In this presentation we outline our vision for a new approach and symbiosis between software specialists and scientists, and present its advantages along with a simple test case.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, as presented at SPIE Astronomical instrumentation 2010