Galathea punctata Macpherson & Robainas-Barcia, 2015, n. sp.
Creators: name: Macpherson, Enrique
name: Robainas-Barcia, Aymee
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Galatheidae
Galathea
Galathea punctata

description: Galathea punctata n. sp.   
(Figs 93, 120 B)  
 Material examined. Holotype: Vanuatu. SANTO, Stn AT22, 15°32.3'S, 167°16.0'E, 180–227 m, 22 September 2006: 1 M 4.9 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-8460).   
 Paratypes: Philippines. MUSORSTOM 3, Stn CP124, 12°03'N, 121°35'E, 120–123 m, 4 June 1985: 1 M 4.4 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-13951).   
Indonesia. Makassar Strait. CORINDON, Stn DR258, 1°56.8'S, 119°17.3'E, 30 m, 6 November 1980: 1 F 2.7 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-8489).  
Solomon Islands. SALOMON 2, no Stn number: 3 M 2.5–4.3 mm, 8 ov. F 2.7–4.0 mm (MNHN-IU-2013- 15832).  
Vanuatu. SANTO, Stn AT2, 15°32.5/32.8'S, 167°16.1/16.5'E, 160–175 m, 14 September 2006: 1 M 4.9 mm, 3 ov. F 4.8–5.5 mm, 1 F 4.6 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-15843), 1 M 6.2 mm, 1 ov. F 5.0 mm (MNHN-IU-2013- 8491).—Stn AT4, 15°32.9–33.1'S, 167°13.3–13.7'E, 97–101 m, 15 September 2006: 1 ov. F 4.2 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013-8484).—Stn AT5, 15°39.9'S, 167°03.8'E, 97–101 m, 15 September 2006: 1 ov. F 5.7 mm (MNHN-IU-2013- 8478), 1 ov. F 5.0 mm, 1 F 4.5 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-8479).— Stn EP10, 15°38.0'S, 167°13.6'E, 45–101 m, 15 September 2006: 1 M 1.7 mm, 2 F 1.8–4.0 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-8468).— Stn EP15, 15°36.6–36.7'S, 167°01.7–02.1'E, 103–108 m, 16 September 2006: 1 M 2.5 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-8469).—Stn AT13, 15°27.8'S, 167°15.7'E, 146–153 m, 19 September 2006: 2 M 2.8–2.9 mm, 1 ov. F 4.8 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-8462).—Stn AT14, 15°24'S, 167°13.5'E, 102–120 m, 19 September 2006: 1 M 3.7 mm, 2 ov. F 3.4–3.8 mm (MNHN-IU-2013- 8465).—Stn AT20, 15°33.9'S, 167°15.1'E, 131–154 m, 22 September 2006: 2 M 3.8–5.1 mm, 2 ov. F 4.5–4.6 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-15836).—Stn AT22, 15°32.3'S, 167°16.0'E, 180–227 m, 22 September 2006: 2 M 4.3–4.7 mm, 2 ov. F 4.4–4.8 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-8488).—Stn AT29, 15°35.9/36.0'S, 167°01.3/01.6'E, 83–90 m, 25 September 2006: 1 F 4.4 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-8466).—Stn AT30, 15°36.7'S, 167°02.6'E, 83–120 m, 25 September 2006: 2 M 3.0– 3.5 mm, 2 ov. F 3.6–4.5 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-15833).—Stn AT31, 15°37.3'S, 167°15.4'E, 83–120 m, 26 September 2006: 2 M 4.9–5.8 mm, 8 ov. F 4.8–5.5 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-15829).—Stn AT32, 15°36.0'S, 167°17.2'E, 176–233 m, 26 September 2006: 1 M 4.0 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-8480).—Stn AT34, 15°35.9'S, 167°17.1'E, 234–270 m, 23 September 2006: 1 F 5.2 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-8481).—Stn AT38, 15°21.4'S, 167°12.8'E, 29–58 m, 27 September 2006: 2 M 3.8–4.7 mm, 3 ov. F 4.2–4.4 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-8482).—Stn AT39, 15°22.4'S, 167°12.6'E, 57–81 m, 27 September 2006: 3 M 3.8–4.7 mm, 2 ov. F 3.5–4.4 mm, 1 F 3.6 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-8483).—Stn AT40, 15°23.4'S, 167°12.7'E, 81–94 m, 27 September 2006: 4 M 3.6–3.8 mm, 5 ov. F 3.6–4.7 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-15834).—Stn AT41, 15°36.7'S, 167°02.7'E, 88–118 m, 28 September 2006: 2 ov. F 3.7–5.2 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-8485).—Stn AT42, 15°37.5'S, 167°02.3'E, 112–148 m, 28 September 2006: 1 M 3.5 mm, 1 ov. F 2.8 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-8486).— Stn AT43, 15°36.4'S, 167°02.3'E, 84–105 m, 29 September 2006: 4 M 4.4–5.0 mm, 3 ov. F 4.0– 4.8 mm, 1 F 2.7 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-15842).—Stn AT44, 15°36.5'S, 167°02.7'E, 86–118 m, 29 September 2006: 2 M 3.9–5.5 mm, 5 F 3.3–3.7 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-15826).—Stn AT45, 15°37.5'S, 167°02.7'E, 188– 148 m, 29 September 2006: 3 ov. F 3.2–5.5 mm, 2 F 4.0– 4.6 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013-8463). Stn AT50, 15°36.8'S, 167°14.1'E, 140–153 m, 30 September 2006: 10 M 2.4–5.6 mm, 12 ov. F 4.3–5.4 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-15830).—Stn AT51, 15°36.9'S, 167°16.0'E, 153–166 m, 30 September 2006: 1 ov. F 5.3 mm, 1 F 5.4 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-8477).— Stn AT53, 15°31.8'S, 167°13.6'E, 62–71 m, 2 October 2006: 2 F 3.4–3.8 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-8461).—Stn AT54, 15°32.1'S, 167°14.1'E, 68–79 m, 2 October 2006: 8 M 2.3–4.0 mm, 9 ov. F 3.4–5.2 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-15837).— Stn AT55, 15°36.2'S, 167°02.5'E, 80–82 m, 2 October 2006: 5 M 3.0– 3.7 mm, 5 ov. F 3.8–4.6 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-8473).— Stn AT56, 15°36.1'S, 167°01.3'E, 98–105 m, 2 October 2006: 2 M 3.6–4.4 mm, 1 ov. F 3.8 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-8474), 1 M 4.0 mm (MNHN-IU-2013- 13955).— Stn AT57, 15°36.3'S, 167°01.4'E, 106–126 m, 2 October 2006: 3 M 4.0– 5.2 mm, 5 ov. F 4.6–5.5 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-15841), 1 ov. F 5.0 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-8492).— Stn FP49, 15°32.4'S, 167°12.7'E, 45–50 m, 3 October 2006: 1 M 3.7 mm, 1 ov. F 3.8 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-15831).—Stn EP27, 15°33'S, 167°16.0'E, 155 m, 7 October 2006: 1 M 2.8 mm, 1 F 2.4 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-8464).— Stn EP29, 15°38'S, 167°14.0'E, 91-110 m, 9 October 2006: 1 F 2.0 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-8467).— Stn AT75, 15°37.0–37.3'S, 167°09.2–09.6'E, 52–66 m, 10 October 2006: 2 M 4.5–5.2 mm, 2 ov. F 4.6–5.4 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-15835).— Stn AT76, 15°38.7'S, 167°03.6'E, 105–135 m, 10 October 2006: 4 M 3.5–5.7 mm, 2 ov. F 5.2–5.6 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-15839).— Stn AT78, 15°37.6'S, 167°02.5'E, 155–166 m, 10 October 2006: 1 M 6.0 mm, 1 ov. F 5.8 mm (MNHN-IU-2013- 15840).— Stn AT84, 15°32.4'S, 167°14.3'E, 71–104 m, 12 October 2006: 1 M 4.2 mm, 1 ov. F 4.3 mm (MNHN- IU-2013-8475).— Stn AT85, 15°32.6'S, 167°15.7'E, 114–196 m, 12 October 2006: 2 M 3.8–4.0 mm, 1 ov. F 3.1 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-8476).— Stn AT86, 15°31.9'S, 167°16.2'E, 176–246 m, 12 October 2006: 1 ov. F 4.8 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-8472), 1 ov. F 4.7 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-8471).— Stn AT115, 15°33.9'S, 167°16.6'E, 152–158 m, 18 October 2006: 16 M 2.8–5.7 mm, 13 ov. F 4.4–5.1 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-15827).—Stn AT116, 15°32.9'S, 167°16.2'E, 153–196 m, 18 October 2006: 1 M 4.0– 4.6 mm, 1 ov. F 4.5 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-15838), 1 M 4.0 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-8470).—Stn AT118, 15°36.0–36.5'S, 167°01.2–02.3'E, 71–122 m, 19 October 2006: 1 M 4.7 mm, 3 ov. F 3.2–4.6 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-8487).  
New Caledonia. BATHUS 1, Stn CP667, 20°57'S, 165°34'E, 205–212 m, 14 March 1993: 1 ov. F 5.7 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-8490).—Stn CP668, 20°57'S, 165°34'E, 205–219 m, 14 March 1993: 3 M 3.9–5.7 m, 4 ov. F 4.2–5.0 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-15828), 1 M 5.0 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-8493).—Stn CP712, 21°44'S, 166°35'E, 210 m, 19 March 1993: 1 ov. F 5.6 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-15844).  
 Etymology. From the Latin, puncta, puncture, in reference to the blue dots on the body.   
 Description. Carapace: As long as broad; transverse ridges with dense short setae, without long plumose setae; cervical groove distinct, laterally bifurcated. Gastric region with 7 transverse ridges, most of them interrupted: 1 epigastric ridge medially interrupted, with 2 median spines; 2 protogastric ridges, anterior ridge medially interrupted, without parahepatic spines, posterior one interrupted; 2 mesogastric ridges, anterior ridge not extending laterally to anterior branchial marginal spines; 2 metagastric ridges not extending laterally to anterior branchial ridges; some additional scales scattered on dorsal surface; 1 small hepatic spine near anterolateral margin (absent in a few specimens). Anterior branchial region with distinct ridges. Mid-transverse ridge uninterrupted, preceded by shallow cervical groove, followed by 6 ridges, 3 of them uninterrupted. Lateral margins well convex medially, with 9 spines: 2 spines in front of and 7 spines behind anterior cervical groove; first anterolateral, welldeveloped, at level of lateral limit of orbit; second, small, at midlength between anterolateral spine and anterior cervical groove, with accompanying spine ventral to between first and second; 3 spines on anterior branchial region, and 3 spines on posterior branchial margin. Small spine on lateral limit of orbit; infraorbital margin with 3–5 small spines. Rostrum spatulate, 1.5–1.7 as long as broad, length 0.5–0.6 postorbital carapace length and breadth 0.3 that of carapace; distance between distalmost lateral incisions 0.30–0.35 distance between proximalmost lateral incisions; dorsal surface nearly horizontal in lateral view, with numerous setae; lateral margin straight, with 4 deeply incised sharp teeth.   
Pterygostomian flap rugose, unarmed, ridges with short setae, anterior margin bluntly angular.  
 Sternum: As long as broad, lateral extremities gently divergent posteriorly.   
 Abdomen: Somites 2–5 each with 4 uninterrupted transverse ridges on tergite; somite 6 each with 2 medially interrupted ridges. Males with G1 and G2.   
 Eyes: Ocular peduncles 1.5 times longer than broad, maximum corneal diameter 0.7 rostrum width.   
 Antennule: Article 1 with 2 spines; well-developed distodorsal and distolateral spines, distodorsal larger; distomesial spine obsolescent; lateral margin with 0–3 minute spines. Ultimate article with a few short fine setae not in tuft on distodorsal margin.   
 Antenna: Article 1 with ventral distomesial spine barely reaching distal margin of article 2. Article 2 with 2 distal spines, distolateral spine larger than distomesial and exceeding midlength of article 3. Articles 3 and 4 unarmed.   
 Mxp3: Ischium with well-developed spine on flexor distal margin; extensor margin ending in acute angle; crista dentata with 18–20 denticles. Merus slightly shorter than ischium; flexor margin with 2 subequal spines; extensor margin unarmed or ending in small spine. Carpus unarmed, extensor margin rugose.   
 P1: 2.3–3.1 times carapace length, covered with finely setiferous scales, with scattered long plumosesetae. Merus 1.0–1.2 times length of carapace, 2.0–2.3 times as long as carpus, with spines arranged roughly in rows, dorsomesial spines stronger; distal spines prominent. Carpus 0.6–0.8 length of palm, 1.7–1.8 times as long as broad; dorsal surface with some small spines; mesial margin with 2 or 3 welldeveloped spines. Palm 1.9–2.5 times longer than broad, lateral and mesial margins subparallel; a few small spines arranged roughly in dorsolateral and dorsomesial rows, a few small spines scattered on dorsal side. Fingers 0.5–0.6 length of palm, each finger distally with two rows of teeth, spooned; unarmed or with a few proximal spines on lateral margin of fixed finger.   
 P2–4: moderately slender, with setose striae and numerous long plumose setae. P2 1.6–1.7 times carapace length. Meri successively shorter posteriorly (P3 merus 0.8 length of P2 merus, P4 merus 0.8 length of P3 merus); P2 merus 0.7–0.8 carapace length, 4.1–4.5 times as long as broad, 1.8–2.1 times longer than P2 propodus; P3 merus 3.7–4.3 times longer than broad, 1.5–1.6 times longer than P3 propodus; P4 merus 3.1 times as long as broad, 1.0–1.1 length of P4 propodus. Extensor margin of P2–3 meri with row of 9–13 proximally diminishing spines, and 4 or 5 spines on P4; ventral margins distally ending in strong spine followed proximally 0–2 spines and by several tubercles or eminences; lateral sides unarmed. Carpi with 5 or 6 spines on extensor margin on P2–4; lateral surface with 3 or 4 acute granules sub-paralleling extensor margin on P2–4; flexor distal margin ending in acute angle. P2–4 propodi 3.7–4.7 times as long as broad; extensor margin unarmed; flexor margin with 5 or 6 slender movable spines on P2–4. Dactyli distally ending in well-curved strong spine, length 0.5 that of propodi; flexor margin with 5 proximally diminishing teeth, terminal one prominent.   
Epipods on P1.  
 Coloration: Overall orange red; carapace with numerous blue spots; some specimens with light orange strippe in midline from whole rostrum posteriorly to abdominal somite 4; whitish band on distal part of P2–4 meri, propodi and dactyli.   
 Remarks. Galathea punctata is closely related to G. h i s p i d a Baba, 2005 from Kei Islands, G. barbata n. sp. from New Caledonia and Chesterfield Islands and G. phalangis n. sp. from Madagascar.   
 Galathea barbata can be easily differentiated from the other species by the presence of one parahepatic spine on each side, that are absent in G. hispida, G. phalangis and G. punctata.   
 Galathea punctata differs from G. hispida in the following characters:   
 - The rostrum is nearly truncate in G. punctata, instead of triangular in G. hispida.   
 - The flexor margin of the Mxp3 merus has the distal spine subequal to the proximal spine in G. punctata, whereas the distal spine is smaller than the proximal spine in G. hispida.   
 Galathea punctata is also easily differentiated from G. phalangis from Madagascar according to the following features:   
 - The rostrum is 2.0 times longer than broad in G. phalangis, whereas 1.5–1.7 times in G. punctata. - The lateral margins of the rostrum are convex in G. phalangis, instead of straight in G. punctata. - The lateral spines of the rostrum are small and shallowly incised in G. phalangis, whereas these spines are   
 sharp and deeply incised in G. punctata.   
 The genetic divergences with other species are always higher than 10.3% (COI, the closest is G. villosa n. sp.) and 4.7% (16S eRNA, the closest is G. inconspicua) (Tab. 2).   
 Distribution. Philippines, Indonesia (Makassar Strait), Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, New Caledonia, 30– 270 m.
description: Published as part of Macpherson, Enrique & Robainas-Barcia, Aymee, 2015, Species of the genus Galathea Fabricius, 1793 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Galatheidae) from the Indian and Pacific Oceans, with descriptions of 92 new species, pp. 1-335 in Zootaxa 3913 (1) on pages 259-263, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3913.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/239230