cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The avian tectorial membrane: Why is it tapered?
Creators: name: Iwasa, Kuni H.
name: Ricci, Anthony J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While the mammalian- and the avian inner ears have well defined tonotopic organizations as well as hair cells specialized for motile and sensing roles, the structural organization of the avian ear is different from its mammalian cochlear counterpart. Presumably this difference stems from the difference in the way motile hair cells function. Short hair cells, whose role is considered analogous to mammalian outer hair cells, presumably depends on their hair bundles, and not motility of their cell body, in providing the motile elements of the cochlear amplifier. This report focuses on the role of the avian tectorial membrane, specifically by addressing the question, "Why is the avian tectorial membrane tapered from the neural to the abneural direction?"
Uzo Nishiyama’s planning methodology based on investigations of common people’s lives
Creators: name: Nakabayashi, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: Uzo Nishiyama is known as a founder of dwelling science in Japan. He argued for establishment of dining rooms separate from sleeping rooms. This theory was derived from substantial investigation of ordinary houses in the 1930s. Nishiyama also made important accomplishments in town planning, and holds a unique position in Japanese urban planning. He established methodology to analyse urban situations from compound viewpoints on social phenomena, including domestic and overseas socioeconomic conditions, infrastructure development, and local government administration. In the case of urban problems, epistemology and policy theory are inseparable. Nishiyama saw that it was important to improve the planning ability of citizens to overcome negative conditions in Japanese cities; to this end, it was necessary to create a platform of ‘Image Planning’. Although Nishiyama shifted to a more bottom-up approach in the late 1960s, he continued to believe that the order of living space was brought about by the accumulation of the lives of common people. Today’s frontline urban planning researchers have developed theories under the influence of Nishiyama’s ideas, as his emphasis on quality of life has gained a high reputation.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 18 No. 1 (2018): Looking at the World History of Planning
Opacities of Singly and Doubly Ionised Neodymium and Uranium for Kilonova Emission Modeling
Creators: name: Flörs, A.
name: Silva, R. F.
name: Deprince, J.
name: Gallego, H. Carvajal
name: Leck, G.
name: Martínez-Pinedo, G.
name: Sampaio, J. M.
name: Amaro, P.
name: Marques, J. P.
name: Goriely, S.
name: Quinet, P.
name: Palmeri, P.
name: Godefroid, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Even though the electromagnetic counterpart AT2017gfo to the binary neutron star merger GW170817 is powered by the radioactive decay of r-process nuclei, only few tentative identifications of light r-process elements have been made so far. One of the major limitations for the identification of heavy nuclei is incomplete or missing atomic data. While substantial progress has been made on lanthanide atomic data over the last few years, for actinides there has been less emphasis, with the first complete set of opacity data only recently published. We perform atomic structure calculations of neodymium $(Z=60)$ as well as the corresponding actinide uranium $(Z=92)$. Using two different codes (FAC and HFR) for the calculation of the atomic data, we investigate the accuracy of the calculated data (energy levels and electric dipole transitions) and their effect on kilonova opacities. For the FAC calculations, we optimise the local central potential and the number of included configurations and use a dedicated calibration technique to improve the agreement between theoretical and available experimental atomic energy levels (AELs). For ions with vast amounts of experimental data available, the presented opacities agree quite well with previous estimations. On the other hand, the optimisation and calibration method cannot be used for ions with only few available AELs. For these cases, where no experimental nor benchmarked calculations are available, a large spread in the opacities estimated from the atomic data obtained with the various atomic structure codes is observed.We find that the opacity of uranium is almost double the neodymium opacity.
description: 20 pages, 13 figures. Accepted by MNRAS
Accessing Polarized Fragmentation Functions at the Unpolarized EIC and BELLE Experiments
Creators: name: Wei, Shu-yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We briefly report our recent progress on the study of the polarized fragmentation functions of $Λ$ hyperon in unpolarized semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scatterings and electron-positron annihilations at low energies. In particular, we present a simple but practical method on how to measure the azimuthal-angle-dependent longitudinal polarization and the transverse polarization inside the production plane and bridge these observables to the corresponding structure functions and fragmentation functions at the leading twist. Our work diversifies the high energy reactions that can probe the polarized fragmentation functions.
description: Contribution to the Proceedings of the 24th International Spin Symposium (SPIN2021)
Detection of motional ground state population of a trapped ion using delayed pulses
Creators: name: Gebert, Florian
name: Wan, Yong
name: Wolf, Fabian
name: Heip, Jan C.
name: Schmidt, Piet O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Efficient preparation and detection of the motional state of trapped ions is important in many experiments ranging from quantum computation to precision spectroscopy. We investigate the stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) technique for the manipulation of motional states in a trapped ion system. The presented technique uses a Raman coupling between two hyperfine ground states in $^{25}$Mg$^+$, implemented with delayed pulses, which removes a single phonon independent of the initial motional state. We show that for a thermal state the STIRAP population transfer is more efficient than a stimulated Raman Rabi pulse on a motional sideband. In contrast to previous implementations, a large detuning of more than 200 times the natural linewidth of the transition is used. This approach renders STIRAP suitable for atoms in which resonant laser fields would populate fluorescing excited states and thus impede the STIRAP process. We use the technique to measure the wavefunction overlap of excited motional states with the motional ground state. This is an important application for photon recoil spectroscopy and other force sensing applications that utilize the high sensitivity of the motional state of trapped ions to external fields. Furthermore, a determination of the ground state population enables a simple measurement of the ion's temperature.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures
Investigating the health status of the Yakut: an analysis of residence and sex differences in blood pressure
Creators: name: Eberly, Sloan Elizabeth
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: This paper investigates the impact of culture change on the Yakut, an indigenous population in Siberia. Variation in systolic and diastolic blood pressure was compared for two grouping variables of residency status (urban/rural and isolated/not isolated) and between the sexes. Rural and isolated residents exhibited significantly higher mean systolic blood pressure values than their urban and not isolated counterparts. Diastolic blood pressure was found to be significantly elevated for isolated residents. There was no significant difference in diastolic blood pressure between rural and urban residents. Men had higher mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure than women. Age and three measures of adiposity were also incorporated into the analysis. The relationship between these measures and blood pressure was evaluated. These results indicate traditional theories of modernization are insufficient when attempting to conceptualize the unique experience of Siberians. Culture change may be a more accurate framework in which to evaluate this phenomenon.
Characterization and Generation of 3D Realistic Geological Particles with Metaball Descriptor based on X-Ray Computed Tomography
Creators: name: Zhao, Yifeng
name: Gao, Xiangbo
name: Zhang, Pei
name: Lei, Liang
name: Galindo-Torres, S. A.
name: Li, Stan Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The morphology of geological particles is crucial in determining its granular characteristics and assembly responses. In this paper, Metaball-function based solutions are proposed for morphological characterization and generation of three-dimensional realistic particles according to the X-ray Computed Tomography (XRCT) images. For characterization, we develop a geometric-based Metaball-Imaging algorithm. This algorithm can capture the main contour of parental particles with a series of non-overlapping spheres and refine surface-texture details through gradient search. Four types of particles, hundreds of samples, are applied for evaluations. The result shows good matches on key morphological indicators(i.e., volume, surface area, sphericity, circularity, corey-shape factor, nominal diameter and surface-equivalent-sphere diameter), confirming its characterization precision. For generation, we propose the Metaball Variational Autoencoder. Assisted by deep neural networks, this method can generate 3D particles in Metaball form, while retaining coessential morphological features with parental particles. Additionally, this method allows for control over the generated shapes through an arithmetic pattern, enabling the generation of particles with specific shapes. Two sets of XRCT images different in sample number and geometric features are chosen as parental data. On each training set, one thousand particles are generated for validations. The generation fidelity is demonstrated through comparisons of morphologies and shape-feature distributions between generated and parental particles. Examples are also provided to demonstrate controllability on the generated shapes. With Metaball-based simulations frameworks previously proposed by the authors, these methods have the potential to provide valuable insights into the properties and behavior of actual geological particles.
World Trade Architecture. The Twin Towers and global financial centers
Creators: name: Leconte, Uta
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: Currently, over 300 World Trade Center’s exist worldwide in more than 80 countries, functioning as nodes within a global infrastructure, dedicated to promoting global business development. However, almost fifty years since the inception of the World Trade Center Association, the denomination ‘World Trade Center’ remains almost exclusively designated to the World Trade Center Complex in New York, with its iconic Twin Towers functioning as representation of capital, power and global trade far beyond their destruction in 2001.The starting point of the proposed paper is the timely coincidence of the completion of the World Trade Center Complex in New York in the early1970s and the implementation of a new interdependent global currency system, marked by the end of the Gold Standard in 1973 and the initiation of fiat money. Arguing that the specific identity and symbolism of the Twin Towers and the New York World Trade Center has since helped to stabilize an unstable global financial system, this paper asks: what are the effects of the New York Twin Towers on the planning of Financial Centers worldwide? It seeks to examine, how the specific identity of the New York World Trade Center was created, what it served, how it has been maintained over time, and what its effects are on urban planning on a local and global scale. The paper will first describe the relation between finance, architecture and the built environment as well as its sociocultural impact, taking as an example the New York Twin Towers and the concurrent implementation of a new global financial system in the early nineteen seventies. It will then focus on local effects of the Twin Towers and the World Trade Center by looking at its planning history and the urban transformation of Lower Manhattan from port and radio district to World Financial Center, including both stakeholders involved in the project as well as the cultural, political and economic urban context of Manhattan at the time. Finally, it will explore the global effects of the Twin Towers on the planning of financial centres and its urban impacts. By looking at the planning history, effect and impact of the Twin Towers on global financial centers, this paper aims to shed light on the specific agency of architecture as a symbolic object for urban planning, world trade and global connectivity.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 18 No. 1 (2018): Looking at the World History of Planning
Interplay of Beam Polarisation and Systematic Uncertainties in Electroweak Precision Measurements at Future $e^+ e^-$ Colliders
Creators: name: Beyer, Jakob
name: List, Jenny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Future high-energy $\textrm{e}^+\textrm{e}^-$ colliders will provide some of the most precise tests of the Standard Model. Statistical uncertainties on electroweak precision observables and triple gauge couplings are expected to improve by orders of magnitude over current measurements. This provides a new challenge in accurately assessing and minimizing the impact of experimental systematic uncertainties. Beam polarization may hold a unique potential to isolate and determine the size of systematic effects. So far, studies have mainly focused on the statistical improvements from beam polarisation. This study aims to assess, for the first time, its impact on systematic uncertainties. A combined fit of precision observables, such as chiral fermion couplings and anomalous triple gauge couplings, together with experimental systematic effects is performed on generator-level differential distribution of 2-fermion and 4-fermion final-states. Different configurations of available beam polarisations and luminosities are tested with and without systematic effects, and will be discussed in the context of the existing projections on fermion and gauge boson couplings from detailed experimental simulations.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, Contribution to the 24th International Spin Symposium
The Tokyo Olympics 2020 sport stadium controversy
Creators: name: Tamari, Tomoko
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: The Olympics is a contested site of sovereignty in terms of power balancing between the political (government), economic (global capitalism), cultural (iconic architects) entities and citizens. The paper focuses on iconic Olympic stadia designed by star architects in the era of global capitalism and explores the shifting and multifaceted identities of the iconic architects in global cultural industries. Taking the 2020 Tokyo Olympic stadium as a case study, the paper unpacks the relationship between the material and symbolic infrastructure of iconic architecture, which involves political interests, economic capitals and sitespecific memories. The paper argues that the Olympic stadium is an ideal site to examine the strategically constructed images and values of iconic architects and spectacular architecture, and that reveals the narrativisation and commodification of star architects and iconic buildings necessarily make themselves into ‘a global brand’. In this context, the paper concludes that national grand architectural projects, such as the construction of Olympic sport stadia, cannot operate outside the regime of global and local politics, and beyond the logic of neoliberal transnational capitalism.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 18 No. 1 (2018): Looking at the World History of Planning
Contrasting pseudo-criticality in the classical two-dimensional Heisenberg and $\mathrm{RP}^2$ models: zero-temperature phase transition versus finite-temperature crossover
Creators: name: Burgelman, Lander
name: Devos, Lukas
name: Vanhecke, Bram
name: Verstraete, Frank
name: Vanderstraeten, Laurens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tensor-network methods are used to perform a comparative study of the two-dimensional classical Heisenberg and $\mathrm{RP}^2$ models. We demonstrate that uniform matrix product states (MPS) with explicit $\mathrm{SO}(3)$ symmetry can probe correlation lengths up to $\mathcal{O}(10^3)$ sites accurately, and we study the scaling of entanglement entropy and universal features of MPS entanglement spectra. For the Heisenberg model, we find no signs of a finite-temperature phase transition, supporting the scenario of asymptotic freedom. For the $\mathrm{RP}^2$ model we observe an abrupt onset of scaling behaviour, consistent with hints of a finite-temperature phase transition reported in previous studies. A careful analysis of the softening of the correlation length divergence, the scaling of the entanglement entropy and the MPS entanglement spectra shows that our results are inconsistent with true criticality, but are rather in agreement with the scenario of a crossover to a pseudo-critical region which exhibits strong signatures of nematic quasi-long-range order at length scales below the true correlation length. Our results reveal a fundamental difference in scaling behaviour between the Heisenberg and $\mathrm{RP}^2$ models: Whereas the emergence of scaling in the former shifts to zero temperature if the bond dimension is increased, it occurs at a finite bond-dimension independent crossover temperature in the latter.
Performance of GTX Titan X GPUs and Code Optimization
Creators: name: Jeong, Hwancheol
name: Lee, Sangbaek
name: Lee, Weonjong
name: Pak, Jeonghwan
name: Kim, Jangho
name: Chung, Juhyun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently Nvidia has released a new GPU model: GTX Titan X (TX) in a linage of the Maxwell architecture. We use our conjugate gradient code and non-perturbative renormalization code to measure the performance of TX. The results are compared with those of GTX Titan Black (TB) in a lineage of the Kepler architecture. We observe a significant gain in the single and double precision calculations much greater than the theoretical expectation.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, 4 tables, Lattice 2015 proceeding
Distribution, Morphology and Carbon Stock of Earth Hummocks in the Chuck Creek Trail Valley, Northern British Columbia, Canada
Creators: name: Verret, Marjolaine
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Hummock
Carbon
Cryoturbation
Periglacial

description: Cryoturbation translocates surface organic-rich horizons deeper in the soils and as such is an important process for carbon sequestration in the active layer (e.g., Kaiser et al., 2007; Van Vliet-Lanoë, 2004). Hummocks, which are non-sorted patterned ground, are sub-meter to meter-scale circular to oval-shaped mounds found in fine-grained frost susceptible sediments. This project examines the distribution, morphology and internal structure of hummocks in the sub-alpine region of the Chuck Creek Trail Valley in the Tatshenshini-Alsek Provincial Park, northern British Columbia. Morphological, sedimentological and geochemical analysis showed that the inter-field differences in hummock morphology of the Chuck Creek Trail Valley were dictated by the silt content within the soil. Hummock fields were found to have an average SOCC for a 1 m pedon of 16.3 kg/m2, 38 % situated in the B-horizon. For this pedon, hummocks fields contained 0.05 Pg – 0.2 Pg according to the distribution probability model. Dating of bulk sediments exhibited a cluster of radiocarbon dates around 2000 cal BP for cryoturbated intrusions, implying subduction rates ranging between 0.03 mm/yr to 0.10 mm/yr and coinciding with a period of climatic cooling (Viau, 2008). In conclusion, the differential frost heave model (Van Vliet-Lanoë, 1991) is the only hypothesis for hummock formation consistent with field evidence in the Chuck Creek Trail Valley.
An Experimental Study of Heat Transfer Deterioration at Supercritical Pressures
Creators: name: Kline, Nathan
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: convective heat transfer
supercritical pressure
deteriorated heat transfer
normal heat transfer
buoyancy
turbulent

description: Convective heat transfer to CO2 flowing upward in electrically heated vertical tubes at supercritical pressures was studied for wall heat fluxes q within ranges that included values corresponding to the onset of heat transfer deterioration (HTD). The inlet pressure was P = 8.35 MPa, the mass flux was in the range 200 kg/m2s ≤ G ≤ 1500 kg/m2s, and the inlet temperature was in the range 0 ◦C ≤ Tin ≤ 35 ◦C. Wall temperature measurements were collected in three tubular test sections, having inner diameters of D = 4.6, 8, and 22 mm. The abilities of three different HTD identification methods to separate the entire data set into deteriorated and normal heat transfer modes were tested. Two types of buoyancy parameters were tested as HTD detection methods, and correction factors for changes in mass flux were devised. The minimum heat flux at HTD onset was found to follow a power law of mass flux with the same exponent for all three sections and the same proportionality coefficient for the two smaller sections but a smaller one for the larger test section. For heat flux values that were larger than this minimum, HTD was found to occur only within a limited range of Tin, whose width increased with increasing heat flux. The heat transfer coefficient for normal heat transfer was expressed as an exponential function of the diameter.
Hispanic Paradox in North Carolina: Explaining the Favorable Birth Weight Profile of Children Born to Foreign Born Hispanic Mothers
Creators: name: Fishman, Samuel
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Much research finds that Hispanic Americans have similar health outcomes to non-Hispanic white Americans despite facing discrimination and having relatively low socioeconomic statuses. In the context of this “Hispanic Paradox”, this paper documents the effects of race and ethnicity on birth weight in North Carolina, exploring several maternal health behaviors and conditions that could account for the favorable birth outcomes of Hispanics (vis-à-vis other groups). I use data from the North Carolina Birth Certificates, information on 901,873 first parity, singleton births between 1990 and 2009. While previous research finds similar rates of low birth weight among Hispanics and non-Hispanic whites, my research finds that foreign born Hispanic mothers have a lower risk of low, very low, and high birth weight than do non-Hispanic white mothers. Foreign born Hispanic mothers’ favorable birth weight profile stems from longer pregnancies and lower rates of prenatal smoking relative to non-Hispanic white mothers.
Complexity of warped conformal field theory
Creators: name: Bhattacharyya, Arpan
name: Katoch, Gaurav
name: Roy, Shubho R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Warped conformal field theories in two dimensions are exotic nonlocal, Lorentz violating field theories characterized by Virasoro-Kac-Moody symmetries and have attracted a lot of attention as candidate boundary duals to warped AdS$_3$ spacetimes, thereby expanding the scope of holography beyond asymptotically AdS spacetimes. Here we investigate WCFT$_2$\,s using \emph{circuit complexity} as a tool. First we compute the holographic volume complexity (CV) which displays a linear UV divergence structure, more akin to that of a local CFT$_2$ and has a very complicated dependence on the Virasoro central charge $c$ and the $U(1)$ Kac-Moody level parameter $k$. Next we consider circuit complexity based on Virasoro-Kac-Moody symmetry gates where the complexity functional is the geometric (group) action on coadjoint orbits of the Virasoro-Kac-Moody group. We consider a special solution to extremization equations for which complexity scales linearly with ``time''. In the semiclassical limit (large $c,k$, while $c/k$ remains finite and small) both the holographic volume complexity and circuit complexity scales linearly with $k$.
description: 34 pages, New references added; revised discussions of Virasoro-Kac-Moody circuits in section 3 although the final conclusions remain unchanged; updated discussion of complexity for warped conformal field theory. Version accepted for publication in EPJC
Contact Interactions in Higgs-Vector Boson Associated Production at the ILC
Creators: name: Cohen, Jonathan
name: Bar-Shalom, Shaouly
name: Eilam, Gad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore new physics (NP) effects in Higgs-Vector boson associated production at a future International Linear Collider (ILC) via e+e- -> Zh,Zhh, using effective field theory (EFT) techniques. In particular, we focus on a certain class of dimension 6 operators, which are generated by tree-level exchanges of a new heavy vector field in the underlying theory. These operators induce new contact terms of the form ψψϕDϕ, involving the Standard Model (SM) fermions (ψ), gauge-bosons (D is the covariant derivative) and the SM Higgs field (ϕ). We investigate the high-energy behaviour of these new effective interactions in e+e- -> Zh,Zhh, imposing bounds from electroweak precision measurements, and show that the ILC is an excellent testing ground for probing this type of NP via e+e- -> Zh,Zhh. We also address the validity of the EFT expansion and we study the correlation between the hZ and hhZ signals, which can be utilized in future searches for NP in these channels.
description: 25 pages, 12 figures not including the ones in the appendices, 4 tables, using BibTeX, PdfLateX. Revised version after publication
Post-conviction Claims of Innocence: Investigating a Possible Miscarriage of Justice in the Case of Michael Kassa
Creators: name: Menz, Sina Katharina
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Foucault
governmentality
wrongful convictions
miscarriages of justice
post-conviction review
Criminal Conviction Review Group

description: Many legal systems throughout the world have established out-of-court remedies to rectify miscarriages of justice and wrongful convictions. In Canada, this extraordinary remedy is served by a government minister, who is entrusted with the assessment of claims of innocence post-conviction. While researchers have already addressed various concerns over the current conviction review process (Braiden & Brockman, 1999; Walker & Campbell, 2009; Roach, 2012a), Roach (2012b) emphasized that little is known about the applicant’s lived experience. This thesis intends to explore the underlying rationale of the current regime under section 696.1 of the Criminal Code and shed light on how the Canadian government, through the Minister of Justice addresses claims and attempts to remedy wrongful conviction. A case study of Mr. Hailemikael Fekade Kassa’s criminal case file, an applicant who consented to this study of his second-degree murder conviction in 2009, will be used to explore the challenges faced by a Canadian claimant of innocence in preparation of his post-conviction review application. This research has revealed that: (1) the Canadian conviction review process implicitly removes the responsibility for error from the conventional justice system; and (2) despite significant evidence capable of raising doubt, the applicant under study encountered great difficulty in meeting the stringent eligibility criteria. A review of the literature provides the necessary contextual information to this critical examination through a comparative study of the post-conviction review schemes operating in North Carolina, the United Kingdom, Norway and Canada. Further, this project uses Foucault’s (1991) theory of governmentality as its analytical framework to investigate the governmental technologies and rationalities securing the current objectives of the Canadian review process and to explore the effects of policy at the micro-level. Following a presentation of the major findings and brief discussions of the evidence discovered in Mr. Kassa’s file, a final analysis situates the research findings within governmentality theory and highlights their broader implications.
Chondrogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose Derived Stem Cells: The Roles of Mechanical Loading, Elevated Calcium, and the Extracellular Calcium Sensing Receptor
Creators: name: Williams, John M.
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2012

description: Cartilage defects caused by injury or disease affect millions each year. Human adipose derived stem cells, hASC, have emerged as an opportune cell source for cartilage tissue engineering. This research first aims to observe the optimal conditions to direct chondrogenic differentiation, focusing on the role of mechanical loading, through a review of the literature. Because of Ca2+ affects in both chemical and mechanical signaling, hASC were pellet cultured in chondrogenic differentiation media with elevated Ca2+ . These pellets demonstrated diminished chondrogenesis, and a layer of calcified, hypertrophic cartilage. To better understand the mechanism by which Ca2+ hASC were cultured with either transient knockdown of Polycystin, PC2, or allosteric binding of the extracellular calcium sensing receptor (CaR) in elevated Ca2+. Modulating the CaR affects the impact of elevated Ca2+ in hASC differentiation. The use of Ca2+ and its various mechanisms for cell signaling will prove to be a valuable tool in developing novel techniques for tissue engineering.
G4CMP: Condensed Matter Physics Simulation Using the Geant4 Toolkit
Creators: name: Kelsey, M. H.
name: Agnese, R.
name: Alam, Y. F.
name: Langroudy, I. Ataee
name: Azadbakht, E.
name: Brandt, D.
name: Bunker, R.
name: Cabrera, B.
name: Chang, Y. -Y.
name: Coombes, H.
name: Cormier, R. M.
name: Diamond, M. D.
name: Edwards, E. R.
name: Figueroa-Feliciano, E.
name: Gao, J.
name: Harrington, P. M.
name: Hong, Z.
name: Hui, M.
name: Kurinsky, N. A.
name: Lawrence, R. E.
name: Loer, B.
name: Masten, M. G.
name: Michaud, E.
name: Michielin, E.
name: Miller, J.
name: Novati, V.
name: Oblath, N. S.
name: Orrell, J. L.
name: Perry, W. L.
name: Redl, P.
name: Reynolds, T.
name: Saab, T.
name: Sadoulet, B.
name: Serniak, K.
name: Singh, J.
name: Speaks, Z.
name: Stanford, C.
name: Stevens, J. R.
name: Strube, J.
name: Toback, D.
name: Ullom, J. N.
name: VanDevender, B. A.
name: Vissers, M. R.
name: Wilson, M. J.
name: Wilson, J. S.
name: Zatschler, B.
name: Zatschler, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: G4CMP simulates phonon and charge transport in cryogenic semiconductor crystals using the Geant4 toolkit. The transport code is capable of simulating the propagation of acoustic phonons as well as electron and hole charge carriers. Processes for anisotropic phonon propagation, oblique charge-carrier propagation, and phonon emission by accelerated charge carriers are included. The simulation reproduces theoretical predictions and experimental observations such as phonon caustics, heat-pulse propagation times, and mean charge-carrier drift velocities. In addition to presenting the physics and features supported by G4CMP, this report outlines example applications from the dark matter and quantum information science communities. These communities are applying G4CMP to model and design devices for which the energy transported by phonons and charge carriers is germane to the performance of superconducting instruments and circuits placed on silicon and germanium substrates. The G4CMP package is available to download from GitHub: github.com/kelseymh/G4CMP.
description: 21 pages, 11 figures, 10 tables
Efficient Semi-Implicit Time-Stepping Schemes for Incompressible Flows
Creators: name: Loy, Kak Choon
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: time-stepping
Navier-Stokes equations
finite element method
Taylor-Hood elements
high-order
2D/3D unsteady flows
semi-implicit
grad-div stabilization
defect correction
sequential regularization method
artificial-compressibility
flow around the cylinder
lid-driven cavity

description: The development of numerical methods for the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations received much attention in the past 50 years. Finite element methods emerged given their robustness and reliability. In our work, we choose the P2-P1 finite element for space approximation which gives 2nd-order accuracy for velocity and 1st-order accuracy for pressure. Our research focuses on the development of several high-order semi-implicit time-stepping methods to compute unsteady flows. The methods investigated include backward difference formulae (SBDF) and defect correction strategy (DC). Using the defect correction strategy, we investigate two variants, the first one being based on high-order artificial compressibility and bootstrapping strategy proposed by Guermond and Minev (GM) and the other being a combination of GM methods with sequential regularization method (GM-SRM). Both GM and GM-SRM methods avoid solving saddle point problems as for SBDF and DC methods. This approach reduces the complexity of the linear systems at the expense that many smaller linear systems need to be solved. Next, we proposed several numerical improvements in terms of better approximations of the nonlinear advection term and high-order initialization for all methods. To further minimize the complexity of the resulting linear systems, we developed several new variants of grad-div splitting algorithms besides the one studied by Guermond and Minev. Splitting algorithm allows us to handle larger flow problems. We showed that our new methods are capable of reproducing flow characteristics (e.g., lift and drag parameters and Strouhal numbers) published in the literature for 2D lid-driven cavity and 2D flow around the cylinder. SBDF methods with grad-div stabilization terms are found to be very stable, accurate and efficient when computing flows with high Reynolds numbers. Lastly, we showcased the robustness of our methods to carry 3D computations.
General Helicity Formalism for Two-hadron Production in $e^+e^-$ Collisions and the $Λ$ Polarizing Fragmentation Function
Creators: name: D'Alesio, Umberto
name: Murgia, Francesco
name: Zaccheddu, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the complete structure of the azimuthal dependences and polarization observables for two-hadron production in $e^+e^-$ annihilation processes within a transverse momentum dependent (TMD) approach adopting the helicity formalism. The leading-twist TMD fragmentation functions (TMD-FFs) for spin-1/2 hadrons are fully accounted for. The role of the polarizing FF, together with its extraction from Belle data for the transverse polarization of $Λ$'s, are discussed as well. Finally, predictions for SIDIS processes at EIC are presented.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures (8 plots), presented by U. D'Alesio at the 24th International Spin Symposium (SPIN2021), 18-22 October 2021, Matsue, Japan
Porous boundaries in Rio de Janeiro’s favelas
Creators: name: Izaga, Fabiana Generoso De
name: Rego Fagerlande, Sergio Moraes
name: Marques Da Silva, Rachel Coutinho
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: Favelas in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, would be going through a third era of development, as a result of changes and accumulation of investments made in urban improvements. From alternative places of residence for the poor, where organized crime settled in the late twentieth century, today the slums of the South Side are places that are home to a new urban dynamics, with the rise of real estate prices, informal economy growth and increase of tourist and cultural activities. Community based initiatives have been an important way of social and spatial transformation. For the preparation of major sports events hosted by the city of Rio de Janeiro (FIFA World Cup 2014 and the 2016 Olympics) there were implemented new urban and public security projects in various slums. Our research presents the case study of the “Favela da Babilônia”. This slum presents an interesting process in its borders, having on one side a large forest area and on the other a formal middle-class neighborhood. The possibilities that community processes related to environmental issues, such as reforestation and tourism – structured on government built urban mobility infrastructure – have revealed Rio de Janeiro as a city in which diversity stands out.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 18 No. 1 (2018): Looking at the World History of Planning
Quantum causality in $κ$-Minkowski and related constraints
Creators: name: Franco, Nicolas
name: Hersent, Kilian
name: Maris, Valentine
name: Wallet, Jean-Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study quantum causal structures in $1+1$ $κ$-Minkowski space-time described by a Lorentzian Spectral Triple whose Dirac operator is built from a natural set of twisted derivations of the $κ$-Poincaré algebra. We show that the Lorentzian Spectral Triple must be twisted to accommodate the twisted nature of the derivations. We exhibit various interesting classes of causal functions, including an analog of the light-cone coordinates. We show in particular that the existence of a causal propagation between two pure states, the quantum analogs of points, can exist provided quantum constraints, linking the momentum and the space coordinate, are satisfied. One of these constraints is a quantum analog of the speed of light limit.
description: 25 pages. Misprints corrected. An enlarged physical discussion has been included. Final version to be published
Strategic culture and the failure of command: the Peruvian army struggle against Sendero Luminoso in the highlands, 1980-89
Creators: name: Moreno, Ezekiel
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: The military's excessive use force in the Peruvian highlands in 1980s can be attributed to the failure of command and control. The absence of leadership and inability enforce discipline allowed informal rules and procedures to develop and shape the conflict. The validity of this assertion is evident when one considers the evolution of a Peruvian strategic culture. From 1930-1980, the Peruvian strategic culture increasingly associated national defense with internal security, development, and popular support, and this perception continued to influence military discourse during the civil war. Framed within this larger analysis, accepted explanations for the violence, which often center on racism and the use of scorched-earth strategy, are incomplete. The violence resulted from structural failures within the armed forces, specifically command and control, and exacerbated by other factors. Thus, this study provides a more nuanced and additive understanding of the civil war from the military's perspective.
Engineering a Distributed-Memory Triangle Counting Algorithm
Creators: name: Sanders, Peter
name: Uhl, Tim Niklas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Counting triangles in a graph and incident to each vertex is a fundamental and frequently considered task of graph analysis. We consider how to efficiently do this for huge graphs using massively parallel distributed-memory machines. Unsurprisingly, the main issue is to reduce communication between processors. We achieve this by counting locally whenever possible and reducing the amount of information that needs to be sent in order to handle (possible) nonlocal triangles. We also achieve linear memory requirements despite superlinear communication volume by introducing a new asynchronous sparse-all-to-all operation. Furthermore, we dramatically reduce startup overheads by allowing this communication to use indirect routing. Our algorithms scale (at least) up to 32 768 cores and are up to 18 times faster than the previous state of the art.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures, to be published in 2023 IEEE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDPS), St. Petersburg, FL, USA, pp. 702-712
Quantum electrical transport properties of topological insulator Bi2Te3 nanowires
Creators: name: Kim, Hong-Seok
name: Shin, Ho Sun
name: Lee, Joon Sung
name: Ahn, Chi Won
name: Song, Jae Yong
name: Doh, Yong-Joo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the quantum transport properties of surface electrons on a topological insulator Bi2Te3 nanowire in a magnetotransport study. Although the nanowires are synthesized by using a relatively coarse method of electrochemical deposition, clear Aharonov-Bohm oscillations of phases 0 and pi are observed, owing to the highly coherent surface electron channel. The oscillation amplitude exhibits exponential temperature dependence, suggesting that the phase coherence length L_phi is inversely proportional to the temperature, as in quasi-ballistic systems. In addition, a weak antilocalization analysis on the surface channel by using a one-dimensional localization theory, enabled by successful extraction of the surface contribution from the magnetoconductance data, is provided in support of the temperature dependence of L_phi.
Do Ethics Trainings Enhance Integrity in Government?
Creators: name: Mikkelsen, Kim
name: Meyer-Sahling, Jan-Hinrik
name: Schuster, Christian
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Public Administration
subject: Comparative Politics
subject: Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration
subject: Leadership Studies
subject: Political Science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: This pre-analysis plan outlines the treatment, research questions and hypotheses to be tested and measures to be used to assess the impact of a field experimental ethics training of tax officials in the Nepalese tax administration (Inland Revenue Department). This plan was completed and registered before the baseline survey and treatment commenced and, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, slightly amended after the baseline survey was implemented.
Tourism in the slums of Rio de Janeiro
Creators: name: Rego Fagerlande, Sergio Moraes
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: The slums of Rio de Janeiro have been the stage of recent urban changes related to tourism-related activities, chiefly those linked to the large sports events such as 2014 FIFA World Cup, and the 2016 Olympic. The visiting by Brazilian and foreign people was always significant in the city, and the increase of the flow in the slums is a relevant fact. This article seeks to put the changes in the recent urban dynamics of those areas into perspective, as caused by popular settlements in which tourism has been bringing changes about, initially related to urban mobility, in the case of the large works done by the government. These interventions brought reflexes embodied in private and community-related investments, with the opening of hostels, bars and restaurants, along with the creation of new open spaces, such as parks and ecological trails. The work has been going on, with the mapping of these activities in the slums of Rio's South Zone, especially in the slum of Babilônia-Chapéu Mangueira, seeking data on their locations, and on the importance of community participation, and the relevance of public policies in the process at hand.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 18 No. 1 (2018): Looking at the World History of Planning
Energy Conservation and Power Bonds in Co-Simulations: Non-Iterative Adaptive Step Size Control and Error Estimation
Creators: name: Sadjina, Severin
name: Kyllingstad, Lars T.
name: Pedersen, Eilif
name: Skjong, Stian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.6.8

description: Here, we study the flow of energy between coupled simulators in a co-simulation environment using the concept of power bonds. We introduce energy residuals which are a direct expression of the coupling errors and hence the accuracy of co-simulation results. We propose a novel Energy-Conservation-based Co-Simulation method (ECCO) for adaptive macro step size control to improve accuracy and efficiency. In contrast to most other co-simulation algorithms, this method is non-iterative and only requires knowledge of the current coupling data. Consequently, it allows for significant speed ups and the protection of sensitive information contained within simulator models. A quarter car model with linear and nonlinear damping serves as a co-simulation benchmark and verifies the capabilities of the energy residual concept: Reductions in the errors of up to 93% are achieved at no additional computational cost.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures, 12 tables