cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Comparison of radiative accelerations obtained with atomic data from OP and OPAL
Creators: name: Delahaye, Franck
name: Pinsonneault, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here, we compare radiative accelerations (g_rad) derived from the new Opacity Project (OP) data with those computed from OPAL and some previous data from OP. For the case where we have full data from OPAL, the differences in the Rosseland mean opacities between OPAL and the new OP data are within 12% and less than 30% between new OP and previous OP data (OP1 at CDS). The radiative accelerations g_rad differ at up to the 17% level when compared to OPAL and up to the 38% level when compared to OP1. The comparison with OP1 on a larger (rho-T) space gives a difference of up to 40% for g_rad(C). And it increases for heavier elements. The differences increase for heavier elements reaching 60% for Si and 65% for S and Fe. We also constructed four representative stellar models in order to compare the new OP accelerations with prior published results that used OPAL data. The Rosseland means overall agree better than 10% for all of our cases. For the accelerations, the comparisons with published values yield larger differences in general. The published OPAL accelerations for carbon are even larger relative to OP compare to what our direct comparisons would indicate. Potential reasons for this puzzling behavior are discussed. In light of the significant differences in the inferred acceleration rates, theoretical errors should be taken into account when comparing models with observations. The implications for stellar evolution are briefly discussed. The sensitivity of g_rad to the atomic physics may provide a useful test of different opacity sources.
description: 29 pages, 6 figures, submitted to ApJ
Stata in space: Econometric analysis of spatially explicit raster data
Creators: name: Mueller, Daniel
name: Mueller, Daniel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: ras2dta
subject: spatsam
subject: dta2ras
subject: geographical information systems (GIS)
subject: raster data
subject: spatial modeling
subject: spatial econometrics

description: Realizing the importance of location, economists are increasingly adopting spatial analytical and spatial econometric perspectives to study questions such as the geographical targeting of policy interventions, regional agglomeration effects, the diffusion of technologies across space, or causes and consequences of land-cover change. Explicitly accounting for location in econometric estimations can be of great benefit for researchers working at the interface of economics or environmental sciences and geography. The objective of this article is to demonstrate how spatially explicit raster data derived from standard geographical information system (GIS) software can be used within Stata. Three programs implemented as ado-files are presented. These import geographic raster data into Stata (ras2dta), draw systematic spatial samples within Stata (spatsam), and export data and estimation results in a form usable by standard GIS software (dta2ras). A numerical example is presented to estimate the determinants of forest cover with a spatially explicit logit model, calculate predicted probabilities, and map the predictions with GIS software.
Internality, transfer, and infinitesimal modeling of infinite processes
Creators: name: Bottazzi, Emanuele
name: Katz, Mikhail G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03H05, 03H10, 00A30, 26E30, 26E35, 28E05, 60A05, 01A65

description: A probability model is underdetermined when there is no rational reason to assign a particular infinitesimal value as the probability of single events. Pruss claims that hyperreal probabilities are underdetermined. The claim is based upon external hyperreal-valued measures. We show that internal hyperfinite measures are not underdetermined. The importance of internality stems from the fact that Robinson's transfer principle only applies to internal entities. We also evaluate the claim that transferless ordered fields (surreals, Levi-Civita field, Laurent series) may have advantages over hyperreals in probabilistic modeling. We show that probabilities developed over such fields are less expressive than hyperreal probabilities.
description: 25 pages; to appear in Philosophia Mathematica
Ecology of disease in bighorn sheep in Hells Canyon, USA
Creators: name: Cassirer, Elizabeth Frances
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: I investigated the dynamics of eight populations of a bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) metapopulation in Hells Canyon, USA from 1997 - 2003. Pneumonia was the most common cause (46%) of adult mortality and the primary factor limiting population growth. Cougar (Puma concolor) predation was the second most frequent source (30%) of adult mortality but did not reduce the rate of population growth significantly. Average annual survival of adult males (0.84) was lower than females (0.91). Pneumonia was the most common known cause of lamb mortality (86%) and pneumonia-related mortality was detected whenever summer lamb survival was less than 50%. Summer pneumonia epizootics in lambs were independent of epizootics in adults. Survival of transplanted sheep was initially high, but was lower than resident sheep during two of six years and at two of three release locations, due to pneumonia-related mortality. Survival and pneumonia outbreaks were not related to population size, growth rates, climate, or nutrition. Sex and source (resident or transplant) were the best predictors of adult survival and disease-related mortality. Individuals that died from pneumonia were not closer to domestic sheep (O. aries) or goats (Capra hircus) than those that did not, but the potential for transfer of pathogens between wild sheep and domestic and goats existed for all populations. Over 70 biovariants of Pasteurella spp. and Mannheimia spp. bacteria were cultured from live sheep during health sampling at capture and from dead sheep at necropsy. Only two biovariants of P. trehalosi were isolated from live sheep in all populations at capture. Both biovariants were also prevalent in sheep that died from pneumonia Pasteurella multocida was detected more commonly in the lungs of dead sheep than in resident sheep at capture and was not found in transplanted sheep. Lungworms (Protostrongylus spp.) did not appear to play a role in pneumonia-related mortality. Micro- and macroparasites differed among populations, but prevalence of potentially pathogenic organisms in pneumonic sheep was lower or did not differ from that sheep at capture or sheep that died from causes other than pneumonia. Clinical results suggested multiple causes of pneumonia outbreaks within this population, presence of undetermined factors affecting immunocompetence, or an inability to detect or correctly classify virulent organisms.
Using the file command to produce formatted output for other applications
Creators: name: Slaymaker, Emma
name: Slaymaker, Emma
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: file
subject: presentation of results
subject: tables
subject: HTML
subject: spreadsheets
subject: word processors
subject: browsers

description: The file command provides a way to produce tables for use in other application software. It can be especially useful for combining descriptive results (such as means and percentages) and results from significance tests. Extracting and manipulating the results directly from Stata matrices gives more control over arrangement, while other Stata functions may be used to control numeric formats. This tutorial includes examples based on survey data of both plain text and HTML output.
Teaching statistics to physicians using Stata
Creators: name: Hailpern, Susan M.
name: Hailpern, Susan M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: teaching statistics to physicians
subject: menu-driven interaction style

description: The Clinical Research Training Program (CRTP) at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine at Yeshiva University is a two-year program for physicians leading to a Master of Science degree in Clinical Research Methods. Beginning in July 2004, the program began teaching data analysis using Stata 8 in order to better meet the advanced statistical needs of the students. This paper details the structure and content of the course, how Stata was introduced, and the problems we encountered. Student comments and suggestions on future enhancements to Stata are included. Although challenging, our first semester teaching Stata was a success: the students all learned Stata and, more importantly, continued to use it for the analysis of their own research data after the course was complete.
Additional file 1 of Underdiagnoses of Rickettsia in patients hospitalized with acute fever in Indonesia: observational study results
Creators: name: Lokida, Dewi
name: Hadi, Usman
name: Chuen-Yen Lau
name: Kosasih, Herman
name: C. Jason Liang
name: Musofa Rusli
name: Pratiwi Sudarmono
name: Nurhayati Lukman
name: Laras, Kanti
name: Rizka Humardewayantie Asdie
name: Murniati, Dewi
name: I Made Susila Utama
name: Risna Halim Mubin
name: Karyana, Muhammad
name: Gasem, Muhammad Hussein
name: Bachti Alisjahbana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Diagnostic tests to confirm rickettsia infection and to exclude S. typhi, Dengue, Leptospira, and Chikungunya infections and diagnostic tests to confirm rickettsia infection in an HIV patient and 31 patients with non-rickettsial clinical diagnoses.
Yang-Mills Correlation Functions from Integrable Spin Chains
Creators: name: Roiban, Radu
name: Volovich, Anastasia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relation between the dilatation operator of N=4 Yang-Mills theory and integrable spin chains makes it possible to compute the one-loop anomalous dimensions of all operators in the theory. In this paper we show how to apply the technology of integrable spin chains to the calculation of Yang-Mills correlation functions by expressing them in terms of matrix elements of spin operators on the corresponding spin chain. We illustrate this method with several examples in the SU(2) sector described by the XXX_1/2 chain.
description: 27 pages, 3 figures, harvmac
Speaking Stata: Density probability plots
Creators: name: Cox, Nicholas J.
name: Cox, Nicholas J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: density probability plots
subject: distributions
subject: histograms
subject: kernel density estimation
subject: quantile–quantile plots
subject: statistical graphics

description: Density probability plots show two guesses at the density function of a continuous variable, given a data sample. The first guess is the density function of a specified distribution (e.g., normal, exponential, gamma, etc.) with appropriate parameter values plugged in. The second guess is the same density function evaluated at quantiles corresponding to plotting positions associated with the sample’s order statistics. If the specified distribution fits well, the two guesses will be close. Such plots, suggested by Jones and Daly in 1995, are explained and discussed with examples from simulated and real data. Comparisons are made with histograms, kernel density estimation, and quantile–quantile plots.
Additional file 8 of Structural and functional similarities and differences in nucleolar Pumilio RNA-binding proteins between Arabidopsis and the charophyte Chara corallina
Creators: name: Park, Su Hyun
name: Hyung-Sae Kim
name: Kalita, Prakash Jyoti
name: Choi, Sang-Bong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 8: Table S1. Primers used in this study.
Additional file 1 of PACVr: plastome assembly coverage visualization in R
Creators: name: Gruenstaeudl, Michael
name: Jenke, Nils
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1 Visualizations of coverage depth of the plastid genome of Archidasyphyllum excelsum (GenBank accession MH899017) as generated by the software tools FastPlast, IOGA, Circleator, and PACVr. (PDF 8211 kb)
Modulation of spin dynamics in a channel of a non-ballistic spin field effect transistor
Creators: name: Shafir, Ehud
name: Shen, Min
name: Saikin, Semion
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the effect of the gate voltage on spin relaxation in an Al0.3Ga0.7As/GaAs/Al0.3Ga0.7As heterostructure. The study is motivated by a recent proposal for a non-ballistic spin field effect transistor that utilizes the interplay between the Rashba and the Dresselhaus spin-orbit interaction in the device channel. The model, which utilizes real material parameters, in order to calculate spin dynamics as a function of the gate voltage has been developed. From the obtained results we define the efficiency of the spin polarization and spin density modulation. The estimated modulation of the spin polarization at room temperature is of the order of 15-20%. The results show that the effect is not sufficient for device applications. However, it can be observed experimentally by optical pulse-probe techniques.
description: 9 pages
Additional file 2 of PACVr: plastome assembly coverage visualization in R
Creators: name: Gruenstaeudl, Michael
name: Jenke, Nils
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2 Visualizations of coverage depth and IR equality of the plastid genome of Pelargonium x hortorum (GenBank accession NC_008454) and Prototheca cutis (GenBank accession NC_037480). (PDF 5540 kb)
Where is the Shot Noise of a Quantum Point Contact?
Creators: name: Green, Frederick
name: Thakur, Jagdish S.
name: Das, Mukunda P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reznikov et al. (Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 3340 (1995)) have presented definitive observations of nonequilibrium noise in a quantum point contact. Especially puzzling is the "anomalous" peak structure of the excess noise measured at constant current; to date it remains unexplained. We show that their experiment directly reveals the deep link between conservation principles in the electron gas and its low-dimensional, mesoscopic behavior. Key to that connection are gauge invariance and the compressibility sum rule. These are central not only to the experiment of Reznikov et al. but to the very nature of all mesoscopic transport.
WIE PREISSENSIBEL REAGIEREN DEUTSCHE VERBRAUCHER? AKTUELLE SCHÄTZUNGEN VON PREIS- UND AUSGABENELASTIZITÄTEN AUF DER BASIS VON HAUSHALTSPANELDATEN
Creators: name: Schroeck, Rebecca
name: Schroeck, Rebecca
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Nachfrageelastizitäten
subject: Lebensmittel
subject: Deutschland
subject: AIDS

description: Der Beitrag untersucht das Nachfrageverhalten der deutschen Privathaushalte anhand von Daten zweier Haushaltspanels der Gesellschaft für Konsumforschung. Es wird ein Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) mit 13 Lebensmittelgruppen für den Zeitraum von 2004 bis 2008 geschätzt. Der Fokus der Analyse liegt auf den geschätzten Eigenpreis- und Ausga-benelastizitäten und deren Einordnung in die Literatur. Mit Ausnahme von Kaffee und Eiern zeigt sich die Nachfrage in allen Lebensmittelgruppen, darunter auch Biolebensmittel, unelas-tisch. Die Ausgabenelastizitäten zeigen, dass bei steigenden Lebensmittelausgaben der Haus-halte die Ausgaben für Fleisch und Nährmittel proportional, die Ausgaben für Kaffee und Bioprodukte überproportional und die Ausgaben der sonstigen Lebensmittelgruppen unter-proportional ansteigen. Für einige Lebensmittel bestätigen die geschätzten Elastizitäten die Werte früherer Studien. Bei Eier und Kaffee zeigen sich jedoch deutliche Unterschiede.
PoDIUM D1.3 Innovation Management Plan
Creators: name: Tobias Mueller
name: Lazaros Gkatzikis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The main purpose of this deliverable is to set the main innovation management rules for the project. The innovation management actions and the main related procedures are defined. We highlight the coordination role of the technical and innovation manager in the Technical Management Team for the identification and update of the project innovations on a regular basis. We establish the collaboration framework for the TMT with the leader of Task 7.4 - Exploitation strategy and IPR management regarding the exploitation of innovation results coming from the technical project activities. The establishment of the innovation monitoring system is important to accurately follow the market trends and identify on time the true potential of the developed work within PoDIUM.
Neutrino Masses in Supersymmetric SU(3)_C x SU(2)_L x U(1)_Y x U(1)' Models
Creators: name: Kang, Junhai
name: Langacker, Paul
name: Li, Tianjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider various possibilities for generating neutrino masses in supersymmetric models with an additional U(1)' gauge symmetry. One class of models involves two extra U(1)' x U(1)'' gauge symmetries, with U(1)'' breaking at an intermediate scale and yielding small Dirac masses through high-dimensional operators. The right-handed neutrinos N^c_i can naturally decouple from the low energy U(1)', avoiding cosmological constraints. A variant version can generate large Majorana masses for N^c_i and an ordinary see-saw. We secondly consider models with a pair of heavy triplets which couple to left-handed neutrinos. After integrating out the heavy triplets, a small neutrino Majorana mass matrix can be generated by the induced non-renormalizable terms. We also study models involving the double-see-saw mechanism, in which heavy Majorana masses for N^c_i are associated with the TeV-scale of U(1)' breaking. We give the conditions to avoid runaway directions in such models and discuss simple patterns for neutrino masses.
description: Latex, 22 pages, 1 table, references added, version to appear in PRD
Reaction Rate Sensitivity of the gamma-Process Path
Creators: name: Rauscher, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The location of the (gamma,p)/(gamma,n) and (gamma,alpha)/(gamma,n) line at gamma-process temperatures is discussed, using recently published reaction rates based on global Hauser-Feshbach calculations. The results can directly be compared to previously published, classic gamma-process discussions. The nuclei exhibiting the largest sensitivity to uncertainties in nuclear structure and reaction parameters are specified.
description: 4 pages, contribution to Nuclei in the Cosmos VIII, to appear in Nucl. Phys. A
SWinvert: A workflow for performing rigorous surface wave inversions
Creators: name: Vantassel, Joseph P.
name: Cox, Brady R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SWinvert is a workflow developed at The University of Texas at Austin for the inversion of surface wave dispersion data. SWinvert encourages analysts to investigate inversion uncertainty and non-uniqueness in shear wave velocity (Vs) by providing a systematic procedure and open-source tools for surface wave inversion. In particular, the workflow enables the use of multiple layering parameterizations to address the inversion's non-uniqueness, multiple global searches for each parameterization to address the inverse problem's non-linearity, and quantification of Vs uncertainty in the resulting profiles. To encourage its adoption, the SWinvert workflow is supported by an open-source Python package, SWprepost, for surface wave inversion pre- and post-processing and an application on the DesignSafe-CyberInfracture, SWbatch, that enlists high-performance computing for performing batch-style surface wave inversion through an intuitive and easy-to-use web interface. While the workflow uses the Dinver module of the popular open-source Geopsy software as its inversion engine, the principles presented can be readily extended to other inversion programs. To illustrate the effectiveness of the SWinvert workflow and to develop a set of benchmarks for use in future surface wave inversion studies, synthetic experimental dispersion data for 12 subsurface models of varying complexity are inverted. While the effects of inversion uncertainty and non-uniqueness are shown to be minimal for simple subsurface models characterized by broadband dispersion data, these effects cannot be ignored in the Vs profiles derived for more complex models with band-limited dispersion data. The SWinvert workflow is shown to provide a methodical procedure and a powerful set of tools for performing rigorous surface wave inversions and quantifying the uncertainty in the resulting Vs profiles.
description: 25 pages, 11 figures
Improving performance of single-pass real-time holographic projection
Creators: name: Christopher, Peter J.
name: Mouthaan, Ralf
name: Bheemireddy, Vamsee
name: Wilkinson, Timothy D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work describes a novel approach to time-multiplexed holographic projection on binary phase devices. Unlike other time-multiplexed algorithms where each frame is the inverse transform of independently modified target images, Single-Transform Time-Multiplexed (STTM) hologram generation produces multiple sub-frames from a single inverse transform. Uniformly spacing complex rotations on the diffraction field then allows the emulation of devices containing 2^N modulation levels on binary devices by using N sub-frames. In comparison to One-Step Phase Retrieval (OSPR), STTM produces lower mean squared error for up to N = 5 than the equivalent number of OSPR sub-frames with a generation time of 1/N of the equivalent OSPR frame. A mathematical justification of the STTM approach is presented and a hybrid approach is introduced allowing STTM to be used in conjunction with OSPR in order to combine performance benefits.
On Theta Dependence of Glueballs from AdS/CFT
Creators: name: Gabadadze, Gregory
name: Iglesias, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the theta dependence of the glueball spectrum in a strongly coupled cousin of large N gluodynamics defined via the AdS/CFT correspondence. By explicitly diagonalizing the 10d gravity equations in the presence of the RR 3-form and 1-form fluxes we found a mixing pattern for the lowest-spin lightest glueballs. The mixing between the scalar and pseudoscalar states is not suppressed, suggesting that the CP-odd effects persist in the large N theory. As a consequence, the lightest mass eigenstate ceases to be a parity eigenstate. We found the former as a linear combination of a scalar and pseudoscalar glueballs. On the other hand, the mass eigenvalues in a theory with and without the theta term remain equal in the large N limit.
description: 9 pages, typo corrected, 2 references added
Novel Predictive Search Algorithm for Phase Holography
Creators: name: Christopher, Peter J.
name: Wang, Youchao
name: Wilkinson, Timothy D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel algorithm for generating high quality holograms for Computer Generated Holography - Holographic Predictive Search. This approach is presented as an alternative to traditional Holographic Search Algorithms such as Direct Search (DS) and Simulated Annealing (SA). We first introduce the current search based methods and then introduce an analytical model of the underlying Fourier elements. This is used to make prescient judgements regarding the next iteration of the algorithm. This new approach is developed for the case of phase modulating devices with phase sensitive reconstructions. When compared to conventional iterative approaches such as DS and SA on a multi-phase device, Holographic Predictive Search offered improvements in quality of 5x as well up to 10x improvements in convergence time. This is at the cost of an increased iteration overhead.
Competitive liberalization : the proliferation of preferential trade agreements
Creators: name: Manger, Mark S.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In recent years, preferential trade agreements (PTAs) have proliferated rapidly, creating a spaghetti bowl of bilateral treaties. A growing share are North-South- FTAs between developed countries and emerging markets. Why the sudden proliferation of these agreements, when most-favoured-nation tariffs are at a historically low level? This dissertation argues that PTAs are the product of a competitive dynamic among states—but not a competition over export markets. Rather, firms and countries compete over access to locations for FDI. Growth of the service sector and global integration of production networks motivate multinational firms to invest in emerging market countries. At the same time, manufacturing firms have strong incentives to seek strict rules-of-origin. In service industries, market structures work against late entrants. Preferential liberalization thus discriminate strongly against third parties. The combination of bilateral agreements and increased FDI flows has an unintended effect: excluded firms lobby for defensive agreements with host countries, triggering a rapid proliferation of FTAs. This study develops a model that explains these dynamics and tests it in several case studies. The in-depth case studies cover the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and the two defensive agreements Japan and the EU signed with Mexico, followed by a range of survey cases, including the Japanese initiative for an FTA with Thailand and US and EU FTAs with Chile. The findings of the study imply that bilateral agreements come close to sectoral liberalization and threaten to undermine the multilateral trade regime. However, given the competitive dynamic of PTAs, preferential liberalization is going to become even more popular in the future.
Ram pressure stripping candidates in the Coma Cluster: Evidence for enhanced star formation
Creators: name: Roberts, Ian D.
name: Parker, Laura C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Coma cluster is the nearest massive ($M \gtrsim 10^{15}\,\mathrm{M_\odot}$) galaxy cluster, making it an excellent laboratory to probe the influence of the cluster environment on galaxy star formation. Here, we present a sample of 41 galaxies with disturbed morphologies consistent with ram pressure stripping. These galaxies are identified visually using high-quality, multi-band imaging from the Canada-France-Hawaii telescope covering ~9 $\mathrm{deg^2}$ of the Coma cluster. These "stripping candidates" are clear outliers in common quantitative morphological measures, such as concentration-asymmetry and Gini-$M_{20}$, confirming their disturbed nature. Based on the orientations of observed asymmetries, as well as the galaxy positions in projected phase-space, these candidates are consistent with galaxies being stripped shortly after infall onto the Coma cluster. Finally, the stripping candidates show enhanced star formation rates, both relative to "normal" star-forming Coma galaxies and isolated galaxies in the field. Ram pressure is likely driving an enhancement in star formation during the stripping phase, prior to quenching. On the whole, ram pressure stripping appears to be ubiquitous across all regions of the Coma cluster.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, plus appendix. Accepted to MNRAS
Black Hole Masses of High-Redshift Quasars
Creators: name: Vestergaard, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Black-hole masses of distant quasars cannot be measured directly, but can be estimated to within a factor 3 to 5 using scaling relationships involving the quasar luminosity and broad-line width. Why such relationships are reasonable is summarized. The results of applying scaling relationships to data of quasars at a range of redshifts (z <= 6.3) are presented. Luminous quasars typically have masses of order 1 billion solar masses even at the highest redshifts. The fact that such massive black holes appear as early as at z ~ 6 indicate that black holes form very early or build up mass very fast.
description: 4 pages with 2 figures, to appear in proceedings of Multiwavelength AGN Surveys, ed. R. Mujica and R. Maiolino (Singapore: World Scientific), 2004
PRÄFERENZEN DEUTSCHER ÖKO-KONSUMENTEN FÜR WEIN
Creators: name: Zander, Katrin
name: Janssen, Meike
name: Zander, Katrin
name: Janssen, Meike
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Verbraucherverhalten
subject: Choice Experiments
subject: Preis als Qualitätsindikator
subject: consumer behaviour
subject: choice experiments
subject: price as quality cue

description: Die Qualitätsbeurteilung von Wein stellt für Verbraucher beim Kauf eine besondere Herausforderung dar. In dieser Untersuchung wurden die Präferenzen von Konsumenten von Öko-Lebensmitteln für Wein analysiert, um die relative Bedeutung verschiedener Produkteigenschaften für die Kaufentscheidung zu bestimmen. Dabei wurden Choice Experimente und Befragungen miteinander kombiniert. Unter den getesteten Eigenschaften hatte bei Rotwein die ökologische Erzeugung den größten Einfluss auf die Kaufentscheidung gefolgt vom Preisniveau und dem Herkunftsland. Die Präferenzen für deutschen, französischen und italienischen Wein fielen dabei gleich hoch aus, Spanien hingegen wurde weniger stark bevorzugt. Bei Weißwein spielte die deutsche Herkunft für Verbraucher die wichtigste Rolle, gefolgt von der ökologischen Erzeugung und dem Preisniveau. Bei beiden Weinsorten zeigte sich, dass Weine im mittleren Preisniveau gegenüber günstigen Weinen bevorzugt wurden. Hieraus wird geschlossen, dass der Preis als Qualitätsindikator fungiert.
Discovery of a weak topological insulating state and van Hove singularity in triclinic RhBi 2
Creators: name: Lee, Kyungchan
name: Lange, Gunnar F.
name: Wang, Lin-Lin
name: Kuthanazhi, Brinda
name: Trevisan, Thaís V.
name: Jo, Na Hyun
name: Schrunk, Benjamin
name: Orth, Peter P.
name: Slager, Robert-Jan
name: Canfield, Paul C.
name: Kaminski, Adam
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/639/301/119/2792/4128
/639/766/119/995
article

description: Abstract: Time reversal symmetric (TRS) invariant topological insulators (TIs) fullfil a paradigmatic role in the field of topological materials, standing at the origin of its development. Apart from TRS protected strong TIs, it was realized early on that more confounding weak topological insulators (WTI) exist. WTIs depend on translational symmetry and exhibit topological surface states only in certain directions making it significantly more difficult to match the experimental success of strong TIs. We here report on the discovery of a WTI state in RhBi2 that belongs to the optimal space group P1¯, which is the only space group where symmetry indicated eigenvalues enumerate all possible invariants due to absence of additional constraining crystalline symmetries. Our ARPES, DFT calculations, and effective model reveal topological surface states with saddle points that are located in the vicinity of a Dirac point resulting in a van Hove singularity (VHS) along the (100) direction close to the Fermi energy (EF). Due to the combination of exotic features, this material offers great potential as a material platform for novel quantum effects.
Skrjabinopsolus nudidorsalis Sokolov, Voropaeva & Atopkin, 2020, SP. NOV.
Creators: name: Sokolov, Sergey
name: Voropaeva, Ekaterina
name: Atopkin, Dmitry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Platyhelminthes
Trematoda
Plagiorchiida
Deropristidae
Skrjabinopsolus
Skrjabinopsolus nudidorsalis

description: SKRJABINOPSOLUS NUDIDORSALIS SP. NOV.
(FIGS 2A–D, 3A, 4A)
ZooBank registration LSID: http://www.zoobank. o r g /u r n:l s i d:z o o b a n k.o r g:a c t: 0C B5 4 0A C - F4 7 1- 4C92-AEC4-80F5AD9F5A53
Type-host: Acipenser ruthenus Linnaeus, 1758 (Actinopterygii: Acipenseridae), the sterlet.
Type locality: Oka River near Kletino village, Ryazan Oblast, Russia (54°59′55″ N, 41°10′56″E).
Type and voucher materials: Holotype IPEE RAS 1319 (whole-mounted adult specimen), 11 paratypes, IPEE RAS 1319 –1324 (whole-mounted adult specimens) and five voucher specimens, IPEE RAS 14279 (four juvenile trematodes and 14 280 one adult specimen).
Site of infection: Intestines of adult specimens and stomach of juvenile specimens.
description: Published as part of Sokolov, Sergey, Voropaeva, Ekaterina & Atopkin, Dmitry, 2020, A new species of deropristid trematode from the sterlet Acipenser ruthenus (Actinopterygii: Acipenseridae) and revision of superfamily affiliation of the family Deropristidae, pp. 448-459 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 190 on pages 450-452
Cuttlefish retrieve whether they smelt or saw a previously encountered item
Creators: name: Billard, P.
name: Clayton, N. S.
name: Jozet-Alves, C.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
/631/601/18
/631/378/1595
article

description: Abstract: According to the Source Monitoring Framework, the origin of a memory is remembered through the retrieval of specific features (e.g. perceptive, sensitive, affective signals). In two source discrimination tasks, we studied the ability of cuttlefish to remember the modality in which an item had been presented several hours ago. In Experiment 1, cuttlefish were able to retrieve the modality of presentation of a crab (visual vs olfactory) sensed before 1 h and 3 hrs delays. In Experiment 2, cuttlefish were trained to retrieve the modality of the presentation of fish, shrimp, and crabs. After training, cuttlefish performed the task with another item never encountered before (e.g. mussel). The cuttlefish successfully passed transfer tests with and without a delay of 3 hrs. This study is the first to show the ability to discriminate between two sensory modalities (i.e. see vs smell) in an animal. Taken together, these results suggest that cuttlefish can retrieve perceptual features of a previous event, namely whether they had seen or smelled an item.
Relative limitations of increasing the number of modulation levels in computer generated holography
Creators: name: Christopher, Peter J.
name: Wilkinson, Timothy D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phase and amplitude spatial light modulators (SLMs) capable of both binary and multi-level modulation are widely available and offer a wide range of technologies to choose from for holographic applications. While the replay fields generated with multi-level phase-only SLMs are of a significantly higher quality than those generated by equivalent binary phase-only SLMs, evidence is presented in this letter that this improvement is not as marked for amplitude SLMs, where multi-level devices offer only a small benefit over their binary counterparts. Heuristic and numerical justifications for this are discussed and conclusions drawn.
A Langevin equation for high energy evolution with pomeron loops
Creators: name: Iancu, E.
name: Triantafyllopoulos, D. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the Balitsky-JIMWLK equations proposed to describe non-linear evolution in QCD at high energy fail to include the effects of fluctuations in the gluon number, and thus to correctly describe both the low density regime and the approach towards saturation. On the other hand, these fluctuations are correctly encoded (in the limit where the number of colors is large) in Mueller's color dipole picture, which however neglects saturation. By combining the dipole picture at low density with the JIMWLK evolution at high density, we construct a generalization of the Balitsky hierarchy which includes the particle number fluctuations, and thus the pomeron loops. After an additional coarse-graining in impact parameter space, this hierarchy is shown to reduce to a Langevin equation in the universality class of the stochastic Fisher-Kolmogorov-Petrovsky-Piscounov (sFKPP) equation. This equation implies that the non-linear effects in the evolution become important already in the high momentum regime where the average density is small, which signals the breakdown of the BFKL approximation.
description: 56 pages, 10 figures
Characterization and treatment of mouse models of Huntington disease
Creators: name: Van Raamsdonk, Jeremy Michael
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Huntington disease (HD) is an adult onset neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by motor dysfunction, cognitive impairment and neuropsychiatric disturbances. HD patients exhibit progressive and selective neurodegeneration primarily in the striatum and cortex. There is currently no treatment that can prevent the development of HD or alter its progression. The major objectives of this thesis were to determine which symptoms of HD are recapitulated in Y A C transgenic mouse models of the disease, to develop a standardized protocol for therapeutic trials in these mice and to investigate potential treatments for HD. Two transgenic mouse models of HD were examined that express huntingtin (htt) with either 72 (YAC72 mice) or 128 (YAC128 mice) glutamines from a yeast artificial chromosome transgene. While YAC72 mice exhibit a mild phenotype, YAC128 mice show quantifiable abnormalities that recapitulate the motor and cognitive deficits in HD. Importantly, YAC128 mice also exhibit selective and progressive degeneration in the brain, including neuronal loss. To determine the feasibility of genetic modulation of the disease phenotype, we investigated the ability of over-expression of wild type htt to prevent striatal neuropathology in YAC128 mice based on a putative pro-survival function of wild type htt. We demonstrate for the first time that wild type htt is neuroprotective in the brain. In YAC128 mice, over-expression of wild type htt prevented atrophy of striatal neurons(but did not significantly improve striatal volume or striatal neuronal numbers. To determine the feasibility of pharmacologic therapeutic trials in YAC128 mice we treated mice with cystamine, a transglutaminase inhibitor with other beneficial characteristics. While cystamine treatment did not improve motor symptoms, this treatment ameliorated striatal volume loss, striatal neuronal loss and striatal neuronal atrophy. This trial validates the use of YAC128 mice in therapeutic trials for HD as we reproduced all of the differences between YAC128 and WT mice in this therapeutic trial. Overall, this thesis demonstrates that the YAC128 mouse model of HD recapitulates the progressive motor dysfunction, cognitive deficits and selective neurodegeneration of HD. As such, these mice can be used for studies of HD pathogenesis and in preclinical therapeutic trials for HD.
The Meaningful Votes: Voting on Brexit in the British House of Commons
Creators: name: Aidt, Toke
name: Grey, Felix
name: Savu, Alexandru
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Article
Brexit
Roll call votes
Rebels
Party discipline
Party coherence
House of Commons
D72

description: Abstract: Why do politicians rebel and vote against the party line when high stakes bills come to the floor of the legislature? To address that question, we leverage the three so-called Meaningful Votes that took place in the British House of Commons between January and March 2019 on the Withdrawal Agreement that the Conservative government had reached with the European Union. The bill was defeated decisively three times following a major revolt amongst Conservative backbench Members of Parliament (MPs). We find that three factors influenced their rebellion calculus: the MP’s own ideological views, constituency preferences and career concerns. Somewhat paradoxically, the rebellion within the Conservative Party came from MPs who had supported Leave in the 2016 Brexit referendum and from MPs elected in Leave-leaning constituencies.
Additional file 7 of Structural and functional similarities and differences in nucleolar Pumilio RNA-binding proteins between Arabidopsis and the charophyte Chara corallina
Creators: name: Park, Su Hyun
name: Hyung-Sae Kim
name: Kalita, Prakash Jyoti
name: Choi, Sang-Bong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 7: Figure S7. Alignment of 5.8S rRNA and ITS2 sequences of A. thaliana and C. corallina. (a) Alignment of 5.8S rRNA sequences. (b) Alignment of ITS2 sequences.
High-Energy Emission From Millisecond Pulsars
Creators: name: Harding, Alice K.
name: Usov, Vladimir V.
name: Muslimov, Alex G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The X-ray and gamma-ray spectrum of rotation-powered millisecond pulsars is investigated in a model for acceleration and pair cascades on open field lines above the polar caps. Although these pulsars have low surface magnetic fields, their short periods allow them to have large magnetospheric potential drops, but the majority do not produce sufficient pairs to completely screen the accelerating electric field. The accelerating particles maintain high Lorentz factors and undergo cyclotron resonant absorption of radio emission, that produces and maintains a large pitch angle, resulting in a strong synchrotron component. The resulting spectra consist of several distinct components: curvature radiation from primary electrons dominating from 1 - 100 GeV, synchrotron radiation from primary and secondary electrons dominating up to about 100 MeV, and much weaker inverse-Compton radiation from primary electrons at 0.1 - 1 TeV. We find that the relative size of these components depends on pulsar period, period derivative, and neutron star mass and radius with the level of the synchrotron component also depending sensitively on the radio emission properties. This model is successful in describing the observed X-ray and gamma-ray spectrum of PSR J0218+4232 as synchrotron radiation, peaking around 100 MeV and extending up to a turnover around several GeV. The predicted curvature radiation components from a number of millisecond pulsars, as well as the collective emission from the millisecond pulsars in globular clusters, should be detectable with AGILE and GLAST. We also discuss a hidden population of X-ray-quiet and radio-quiet millisecond pulsars which have evolved below the pair death line, some of which may be detectable by telescopes sensitive above 1 GeV.
description: 34 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal
Analysis & Shortcomings of E-Recruitment Systems: Towards a Semantics-based Approach Addressing Knowledge Incompleteness and Limited Domain Coverage
Creators: name: Maree, M.
name: Kmail, A.
name: Belkhatir, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The rapid development of the Internet has led to introducing new methods for e-recruitment and human resources management. These methods aim to systematically address the limitations of conventional recruitment procedures through incorporating natural language processing tools and semantics-based methods. In this context, for a given job post, applicant resumes (usually uploaded as free-text unstructured documents in different formats such as .pdf, .doc, or .rtf) are matched/screened out using the conventional keyword-based model enriched by additional resources such as occupational categories and semantics-based techniques. Employing these techniques has proved to be effective in reducing the cost, time, and efforts required in traditional recruitment and candidate selection methods. However, the skill gap, i.e. the propensity to precisely detect and extract relevant skills in applicant resumes and job posts, and the hidden semantic dimensions encoded in applicant resumes still form a major obstacle for e-recruitment systems. This is due to the fact that resources exploited by current e-recruitment systems are obtained from generic domain-independent sources, therefore resulting in knowledge incompleteness and the lack of domain coverage. In this paper, we review state-of-the-art e-recruitment approaches and highlight recent advancements in this domain. An e-recruitment framework addressing current shortcomings through the use of multiple cooperative semantic resources, feature extraction techniques and skill relatedness measures is detailed. An instantiation of the proposed framework is proposed and an experimental validation using a real-world recruitment dataset from two employment portals demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed approach.