cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dynamic percolation of ferromagnetic regions in phase separated manganites using non-uniform electric fields
Creators: name: Shakya, Ambika
name: Biswas, Amlan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thin films of the manganite (La$_{1-y}$Pr$_y$)$_{1-x}$Ca$_x$MnO$_3$ exhibit dynamic phase coexistence with micrometer scale, fluid-like ferromagnetic metallic (FMM) regions interspersed in a charge-order insulating (COI) background. It has been previously reported that a uniform electric field realigns the fluid-like FMM regions due to a phenomenon similar to dielectrophoresis. Here we report that non-uniform electric fields have a stronger effect on the FMM regions as expected from the dielectrophoresis model. The dynamic percolation of the FMM regions is observed over a wider range of temperatures compared to the results in a uniform field. Additionally, in a non-uniform electric field, the time required for dynamic percolation along the magnetic hard axis ($t_{\mathrm{B}}$) decreased with increasing applied voltage ($V_{\mathrm{A}}$) as a power law, $V_{\mathrm{A}}^{-δ}$ with $δ\approx 5$ while $δ< 2$ for a uniform electric field. Our results in a non-uniform electric field provide strong evidence in favor of the dielectrophoresis model and a unique method for manipulating micrometer-sized ferromagnetic regions using electric fields.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
title: Diagnosis and Prognosis of Severe Dengue
Creators: name: Nguyen, Than Ha Quyen
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2011

description: Dengue has a broad spectrum of clinical symptoms, ranging from asymptomatic infection, undifferentiated fever and dengue fever (DF) to dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) or dengue shock syndrome (DSS). DHF and DSS are the most severe forms of the disease, as they involve bleeding and hypovolemic shock and may lead to death if they are not diagnosed early and treated correctly. Every year, about 36 million cases of DF, of which about 2.1 million cases are DHF/DSS resulting in 21,000 deaths among children and young adults, are reported. Dengue not only has negative effects on public health worldwide but also poses significant economic burden. However, no licensed vaccines or (specific) anti-viral therapies for prevention or treatment of dengue are available. Thus, timely diagnosis and an accurate prognosis of severe dengue in the first few days of illness for clinical triage, treatment management, disease surveillance and research activities are vital and very helpful. We conducted three studies aiming to identify early markers of dengue, especially severe dengue and identify prognostic markers of severe dengue in Vietnamese children with clinically suspected dengue within the first few days of the illness. The results firstly showed that plasma collected within the first week of the illness could be used for dengue diagnosis as well as differentiation between primary and secondary dengue virus infections. Secondly, the research showed that plasma concentration of NS1 correlated with plasma viraemia and associated with DSS. NS1 concentrations in enrolment plasma of patients within the first four days of illness could be used for predicting DSS in patients with DENV-1 or DENV-2 infections. Thirdly, in the first three days of illness, we observed differences in clinical and haematological profiles between patients with DHF and those with DF or other febrile illnesses. Logistic models were then generated using the early clinical characteristics and/or haematological profiles to predict patients who will develop DHF. Our findings also showed that a greater virus burden leads to an augmented cascade of plasma concentrations of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-13, IFNγ and TNFα in DHF patients compared to DF patients. This thesis shows the results and also points out predictive models that may be used to prognosticate of severe dengue among patients with clinically suspected dengue who are admitted to hospital within the first few days of the illness.
PROFIT DETERMINATION IN U.K. MANUFACTURING
Creators: name: Conyon, M.
name: Machin, S.
name: Conyon, M.
name: Machin, S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1989
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Profitability
subject: Labour Market
subject: Instrumental Variables

description: This paper examines the determinants of profitability in 90 U.K. manufacturing industries over the period 1983-86. It considers the importance of labour market characteristics in determining profits and how their inclusion in a profitability equation affects the concentration-margins relationship. The empirical work also pays detailed attention to the endogenous nature of variables derived from structural Industrial Organisation models and we report instrumental variables estimates of profitability equations in which there is a significant role for labour market characteristics. Indeed, both unionisation and unemployment are found to depress profit margins. The impact of concentration on profitability is seen to be biased downwards when these variables are not considered.
Comment on "Effects of Point Defects on the Phase Diagram of Vortex States in High-Tc Superconductors in the B || c Axis"
Creators: name: Olsson, P.
name: Teitel, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We comment on a recent work by Nonomura and Hu who simulated the 3D XY model for a type-II superconductor in an applied magnetic field, in the presence of uncorrelated point randomness. We clarify the nature of the "vortex slush" state that they found, and argue that this state is unstable in the thermodynamic limit.
description: 2 pages, 2 figures
The prevalence of different symptoms in adults infected by the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2; covid-19): A systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Ryckie Wade
name: Grant, Michael
name: Geoghegan, Luke
name: Clarke, Emily
name: McGuiness, Luke
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Protocol
title: National Marine Fisheries Service Endangered Species Act Section  7 Consultation Biological Opinion Virginia Offshore Wind Technology Advancement Project NER-2015-12128
Creators: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. Greater Atlantic Regional Fisheries Office
Publisher: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. Greater Atlantic Regional Fisheries Office
Year: 2015

description: ESA Section 7 Consultation; GARFO-2014-00019
Modelling the Probability of Leaving Unemployment: Competing Risks Models with Flexible Baseline Hazards
Creators: name: Narendranathan, Wiji
name: Stewart, Mark B.
name: Narendranathan, Wiji
name: Stewart, Mark B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1989
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Hazard functions
subject: Survival analysis
subject: Competing risks models
subject: Unemployment durations
subject: Semi-parametric estimation
subject: Heterogeneity

description: Unemployment durations are generally modelled by specifying the conditional probability of leaving unemployment (the hazard function). Existing studies for Britain all use very restrictive parametric specifications of the hazard function, most commonly Weibull in form. These restrictions potentially bias the estimated effects, particularly those of the time-varying economic variables and the baseline hazard. This paper investigates models for the probability of leaving unemployment with these restrictions removed. We use semi-parametric methods to estimate models with completely unrestricted baseline hazards and a model involving flexible step-function approximations to the baseline hazard. The Weibull is found not to give a satisfactory representation of the baseline hazard and its use is found to distort the pattern of unemployment income effects over the length of the spell. The existing studies for Britain also model the exit probability from unemployment rather than the probability of entering a job, despite generally interpreting the evidence as being about the latter probability. We use a competing risks model to distinguish exit into employment from exit into alternative states. We find that the single risk model of exit understates the effects of income in and out of work on the probability of entering a job.
Trace of Frobenius endomorphism of an elliptic curve with complex multiplication
Creators: name: Ishii, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11G05 (Primary), 14H52 (Secondary)

description: Let E be an elliptic curve with complex multiplication by R, where R is an order of discriminant D
description: 20 pages
Didemnum elongatum Sluiter 1909
Creators: name: Kott, Patricia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2004
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Ascidiacea
Enterogona
Didemnidae
Didemnum
Didemnum elongatum

description: Didemnum elongatum Sluiter, 1909
 Didemnum elongatum Sluiter, 1909: 66; Kott, 2001: 173.
 Distribution. New record: Western Australia (off Cape Jaubert, WAM 186.93). Previously recorded (see Kott, 2001): Indonesia, NW and NE Australia.
 Description. The new record is a fragment of a thin, white colony with a raspy surface caused by the large crowded spicules, which also line the margins of the stellate apertures. Surface and basal test are both thin.
 Remarks. The spicules (to 0.1 mm in diameter with relatively short but numerous rays, some blunt, some pointed) are identical with those previously reported for this species (Kott, 2001).
description: Published as part of Kott, Patricia, 2004, New and little-known species of Didemnidae (Ascidiacea, Tunicata) from Australia (part I), pp. 731-774 in Journal of Natural History 38 (19) on page 750, DOI: 10.1080/00222930310001647334, http://zenodo.org/record/4653689
Spinorial Field and Lyra Geometry
Creators: name: Casana, R.
name: de Melo, C. A. M.
name: Pimentel, B. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Dirac field is studied in a Lyra space-time background by means of the classical Schwinger Variational Principle. We obtain the equations of motion, establish the conservation laws, and get a scale relation relating the energy-momentum and spin tensors. Such scale relation is an intrinsic property for matter fields in Lyra background.
description: 10 pages. Some misprints corrected
Fast tunable high Q-factor superconducting microwave resonators
Creators: name: Mahashabde, S.
name: Otto, E.
name: Montemurro, D.
name: de Graaf, S.
name: Kubatkin, S.
name: Danilov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present fast tunable superconducting microwave resonators fabricated from planar NbN on a sapphire substrate. The $3λ/4$ wavelength resonators are tuning fork shaped and tuned by passing a dc current which controls the kinetic inductance of the tuning fork prongs. The $λ/4$ section from the open end operates as an integrated impedance converter which creates a nearly perfect short for microwave currents at the dc terminal coupling points, thus preventing microwave energy leakage through the dc lines. We measure an internal quality factor $Q_{\rm int}>10{^{5}}$ over the entire tuning range. We demonstrate a tuning range of $> 3\%$ and tuning response times as short as 20 ns for the maximum achievable detuning. Due to the quasi-fractal design, the resonators are resilient to magnetic fields of up to 0.5 T.
Life cycle assessment of Frederic Lasserre Building at University of British Columbia
Creators: name: Ranjbar, Sahar
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: The LCA analysis of Frederick Lasserre building was conducted using the OnScreen TakeOff Pro software to perform analysis on the structural drawing of the Frederick Lasserre building. The data collected from OnScreen TakeOff pro are then entered into the Impact Estimator (IE). The environmental impact of the data is then quantified through IE which uses the Athena LCI database and the TRACI impact assessment methodology. Bill of Material (BoM), Summary Measures and Absolute Energy reports which were generated by IE were used in the environmental impact analysis of the Frederick Lassere building. These reports were used to perform sensitivity analysis and building performance on the Frederick Lasserre building. BoM report which is a list of the materials which were used in construction of the building and summary measure report data were used in sensitivity analysis. Through this analysis it was found that rebar has the highest environmental impact out of five other materials which were chosen from the Lasserre building for the purpose of sensitivity analysis. The building performance analysis was done on the original Frederick Lasserre building and the upgraded Lasserre building. The upgraded Lasserre building surface areas where insulated so that the building meets the REAP standards. It was found that the energy payback period of the improved Lassere building would be 4 months. From the analysis, it is recommended that further research be conducted into envelope performance upgrades. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
WHEN DOES COORDINATION PAY?
Creators: name: Miller, Marcus
name: Salmon, Mark
name: Miller, Marcus
name: Salmon, Mark
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1989
Subjects: Financial Economics
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: In a continuous time model of two symmetric open economies, with a floating exchange rate, we find that the pay-off to macroeconomic policy coordination depends systematically on how heterogeneous is their inflation experience. While monetary policy coordination improves welfare in handling a common rate of underlying inflation, it exacerbates the "time consistency" problem arising when there are differences (as is illustrated diagrammatically). Since the principle of "certainty equivalence" applies to time consistent policy in linear quadratic models, we are also able to give a stochastic interpretation of the deterministic results.
Localized Bosonic Modes in Superconductors
Creators: name: Morr, Dirk K.
name: Nyberg, Roy H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a localized bosonic mode acts as a new type of "defect" in s- and d_{x^2-y^2}-wave superconductors. The mode induces bound or resonance states, whose spectral signature are peaks in the superconductor's density of states (DOS). We study the peaks' shape and energy as a function of temperature and the mode's frequency and lifetime. We identify several characteristic signatures of the localized mode that qualitatively distinguishes its effects from those of magnetic or non-magnetic impurities.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
title: Host Gene Expression and Genetic Susceptibility to Dengue Virus Infection in Vietnamese Children
Creators: name: Hoang, Truongo Long
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2011

description: Dengue has been a public health problem in over 120 tropical and subtropical countries. It is estimated that there are approximately 3.6 billion of the world’s population at risk of dengue virus (DENV) infection, and about 70-500 million DENV infections annually. Every year, about 36 million cases of dengue fever, of which about 2.1 million cases are dengue haemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome (DHF/DSS) resulting in 21,000 deaths among children and young adults, are reported. The disease pathogenesis is still poorly understood. Effective antiviral drug, vaccine and animal model for the disease are not available. We conducted two global gene expression microarray studies and a genome-wide association study in order to identify prognostic markers of severe dengue in Vietnamese patients and to identify genetic markers that confer susceptibility to dengue and DSS. The results show that acute DENV infection is associated with over-presentation of transcripts that are related to interferon-inducible transcripts and canonical gene ontology terms that included response to virus, immune response, innate immune response and inflammatory response. Pathway and network analysis identified STAT1, STAT2, STAT3, IRF7, IRF9, IRF1, CEBPB and SP1 as key transcriptional factors mediating the early response. Interestingly, the only differences in the transcriptional signatures of early DSS and uncomplicated dengue cases were the greater abundance of several neutrophil-associated transcripts in patients who progressed to DSS. Host genetic study identified several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that show strong evidence for association with dengue or DSS. None of the SNPs was significant at suggestive genome-wide level but ontology analysis of genes implicated by associated SNPs suggests biologically plausible functional relationships between the genes. This thesis provides insights into host gene response in DENV infection and also host genetic susceptibility to dengue which in turn could be useful hint for future studies in the field.
title: An investigation into how midwives make sense of the concept of risk : how do midwifery perceptions of risk impinge upon maternity care services
Creators: name: Scamell, Mandie
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2022

description: This thesis is the product of an ethnographic discourse analysis of midwifery talk and practice, and the data used to inform-this work was collected in the south-east of England. The analytical focus of the thesis is on how risk is understood within the context of midwifery knowledge and expertise and how this is expressed within contemporary childbirth performance. The proposition being made is that the meaning of risk should not be taken as a given and that, although much of routine midwifery activity circulates around sensitivity to risk, the precise meaning of risk is rarely articulated or questioned by practitioners. By using a combination of both qualitative methodological and analytical devices, it has been possible to explore the social and political operations of the interpretative work midwives do when translating risk into meaningful action and the impact this has upon the way birth can be both imagined and performed.
Gravitational effects on light rays and binary pulsar energy loss in a scalar theory of gravity
Creators: name: Arminjon, Mayeul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A scalar bimetric theory of gravity with a preferred reference frame is summarized. Dynamics is governed by an extension of Newton's second law. In the static case, geodesic motion is recovered together with Newton's attraction field. In the static spherical case, Schwarzschild's metric is found. Asymptotic schemes of post-Newtonian (PN) and post-Minkowskian (PM) approximation are built, each based on associating a conceptual family of systems with the given system. At the 1PN approximation, there is no preferred-frame effect for photons, hence the standard predictions of GR for photons are got. At the 0PM approximation, an isolated system loses energy by quadrupole radiation, without any monopole or dipole term. Inserting this loss into the Newtonian 2-body problem gives the Peters-Mathews coefficients of the theory.
description: LaTeX, 26 pages, no figure. Accepted for publication in Theor. Math. Phys. (Teor. Mat. Fiz.)
The prevalence of different symptoms in adults infected by the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2; covid-19): A systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Grant, Michael
name: Geoghegan, Luke
name: McGuiness, Luke
name: Clarke, Emily
name: Ryckie Wade
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Protocol
Comparison and optimisation of headspace methods for the analyses of oxidation related off-flavour compounds in plant protein concentrates and infant formula
Creators: name: De Jong, Catrienus
name: van Kekem, Cornelis
name: Azario, Ondino M.L.
name: Koudijs, Frank
name: Babae, Naem
name: Roland, Wibke S.U.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: headspace extraction
GC-MS
arrow
off-flavours
oxidation
plant proteins
infant formula

description: The aim of this study was to develop an effective and fast method for key-marker compound analysis of available oxidation related off-flavours, both in dry protein powder and in protein powder dispersed in water. Four different headspace techniques (static headspace (HS), dynamic headspace (DHS-ITEX), and solid phase microextractions (HS-SPME, HS-Arrow)) were compared under different extraction conditions. HS-Arrow in combination with true capillary cold trapping showed to be most sensitive and an efficient extraction technique for a wide range of oxidation related HRGC-MS analyses. Although HS-Arrow in combination with GC-MS is a relative fast technique for the analyses of the key aroma compounds of plant protein related products and infant formula, still some key aroma compounds could not be detected. Especially 2,4,7-decatrienal, an important key compound to detect “fishy” off-flavours in products with added DHA like infant formula, is missed by these four headspace techniques.
Resummation in Hot Field Theories
Creators: name: Andersen, Jens O.
name: Strickland, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There has been significant progress in our understanding of finite-temperature field theory over the past decade. In this paper, we review the progress in perturbative thermal field theory focusing on thermodynamic quantities. We first discuss the breakdown of naive perturbation theory at finite temperature and the need for an effective expansion that resums an infinite class of diagrams in the perturbative expansion. This effective expansion which is due to Braaten and Pisarski, can be used to systematically calculate various static and dynamical quantities as a weak-coupling expansion in powers of g. However, it turns that the weak-coupling expansion for thermodynamic quantities are useless unless the coupling constant is very small. We critically discuss various ways of reorganizing the perturbative series for thermal field theories in order to improve its convergence. These include screened perturbation theory (SPT), hard-thermal-loop perturbation theory (HTLPT), the Phi-derivable approach, dimensionally reduced (DR) SPT, and the DR Phi-derivable approach.
description: 82 pages, 20 figures; v2 - typos corrected, references added
Didemnum fibriae Kott 2004, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Kott, Patricia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2004
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Ascidiacea
Enterogona
Didemnidae
Didemnum
Didemnum fibriae

description: Didemnum fibriae sp. nov.
(figure 11 A–D)
 Distribution. Type locality: Western Australia (Woodman’s Point, Cockburn Sound, 18 m, grey mud; coll. L. Marsh and S. Slack-Smith, 20 February 1991, holotype WAM 175.91).
 Description. The colony is an extensive firm, encrusting sheet. The test is fibrous with a felt-like consistency and generally is aspiculate, although here and there are small patches of spicules in the surface test around each branchial aperture, sometimes a sparse layer lines the common cloacal cavity, and occasionally spicules are distributed sparsely through the colony. Spicules are small (to 0.036 maximum diameter) with 11–13 not very compact, blunt-tipped rays in optical transverse section. The ray length / spicule diameter ratio is 0.2–0.25, the common cloacal cavity is three-dimensional, with deep primary canals occasionally becoming posterior abdominal separating clumps and rows of zooids from one another. Although zooids generally are crowded, common cloacal spaces penetrate amongst them at thorax level.
Zooids are small, with a cylindrical branchial siphon. A sessile, open, atrial aperture exposes the branchial sac directly to the common cloacal cavity. A long, tapering retractor muscle is present. About eight stigmata are in the anterior row, a large brown egg is present, and the vas deferens coils 11 times around the large, undivided testis. The gut loop is capacious. Larvae, present in the basal test, have a 1.25 mm long trunk with the tail wound halfway around it, six to eight pairs of ectodermal ampullae and a thoracic and an abdominal bud.
 Remarks. The felt-like consistency of the test is unusual. Like D. jedanense Sluiter, 1909, zooids and larvae are large, the latter with eight pairs of ectodermal ampullae and blastozooids, and colonies occasionally are entirely aspiculate. However, D. jedanense has more spicule rays and only eight coils of the vas deferens. Didemnum effusium Kott, 2001, the other known aspiculate Didemnum, is recorded only from southern Australian locations, has a similar number of vas deferens coils (10) but its larva is smaller, has only four pairs of ectodermal ampullae and lacks blastozooids. The species is characterized by the large zooids and larvae, the form and distribution of its spicules, the fibrous test and the numerous coils of the vas deferens.
description: Published as part of Kott, Patricia, 2004, New and little-known species of Didemnidae (Ascidiacea, Tunicata) from Australia (part I), pp. 731-774 in Journal of Natural History 38 (19) on pages 750-751, DOI: 10.1080/00222930310001647334, http://zenodo.org/record/4653689
title: Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) and Killer Immunoglobulin-Like Receptors (KIR) in HIV-2 Infection
Creators: name: Yindom, Louis Marie
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2010

description: In West Africa, the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is caused by both types of Human Immunodeficiency Virus HIV-1 and HIV-2 and the majority of people infected with HIV-2 remain healthy for over 15 years.

The major goal of this work was to determine and describe genetic variants associated with phenotypic changes at the population level and study their role in pathogenesis and immune response. Studies presented in this thesis were carried out in two well established HIV-2 cohorts in Guinea Bissau and Gambia. Using recent tools in molecular medicine i.e. sequence-based techniques (SBT) (Chapter 2), we determined and comprehensively described variations at the two most polymorphic regions of the human genome: HLA and KIR gene complexes located on chromosomes 6 and 19, respectively, in these cohorts (Chapters 3 and 6). The data showed high heterogeneity in allele and genotype frequencies between the studied populations. Furthermore, we related the presence of gene variants to HIV-2 antibody status and study their effect on markers of disease progression, notably CD4+ T cell count and viral load (Chapter 4). Here we showed for the first time that HLA-B*1503 associates with poor prognosis after HIV-2 infection and HLA-B*0801 with susceptibility to HIV-2 while the compound genotypes KIR2DL2+HLA-C1 and KIR2DS2+HLA-C1 protect against HIV-2 acquisition in the Manjako ethnic group. None of the HLA class I alleles/haplotypes and KIR gene profiles was found to influence HIV-2 infection in the second cohort, which was of mixed ethnic origin (Chapter 5).

In general, we observed that alleles previously shown to be associated with HIV-1 disease in western populations showed no effect in HIV-2 infection. This emphasizes the need to study HLA and HLA/KIR combinations in different populations in order to better inform subsequent vaccine design and evaluation in target populations.
On the complexity of Broadcast Domination and Multipacking in digraphs
Creators: name: Foucaud, Florent
name: Gras, Benjamin
name: Perez, Anthony
name: Sikora, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the complexity of the two dual covering and packing distance-based problems Broadcast Domination and Multipacking in digraphs. A dominating broadcast of a digraph $D$ is a function $f:V(D)\to\mathbb{N}$ such that for each vertex $v$ of $D$, there exists a vertex $t$ with $f(t)>0$ having a directed path to $v$ of length at most $f(t)$. The cost of $f$ is the sum of $f(v)$ over all vertices $v$. A multipacking is a set $S$ of vertices of $D$ such that for each vertex $v$ of $D$ and for every integer $d$, there are at most $d$ vertices from $S$ within directed distance at most $d$ from $v$. The maximum size of a multipacking of $D$ is a lower bound to the minimum cost of a dominating broadcast of $D$. Let Broadcast Domination denote the problem of deciding whether a given digraph $D$ has a dominating broadcast of cost at most $k$, and Multipacking the problem of deciding whether $D$ has a multipacking of size at least $k$. It is known that Broadcast Domination is polynomial-time solvable for the class of all undirected graphs (that is, symmetric digraphs), while polynomial-time algorithms for Multipacking are known only for a few classes of undirected graphs. We prove that Broadcast Domination and Multipacking are both NP-complete for digraphs, even for planar layered acyclic digraphs of small maximum degree. Moreover, when parameterized by the solution cost/solution size, we show that the problems are W-hard. We also show that Broadcast Domination is FPT on acyclic digraphs, and that it does not admit a polynomial kernel for such inputs, unless the polynomial hierarchy collapses to its third level. In addition, we show that both problems are FPT when parameterized by the solution cost/solution size together with the maximum out-degree, and as well, by the vertex cover number. Finally, we give for both problems polynomial-time algorithms for some subclasses of acyclic digraphs.
description: Extended abstract to appear in proceedings of IWOCA 2020
An Investigation into Sustainable Freezers
Creators: name: Fotoohi, Sanaz
name: Hazlett, Scott
name: Pan, David
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Noncommutative inflation and the large-scale damping in the CMB anisotropy
Creators: name: Fukuma, Masafumi
name: Kono, Yuji
name: Miwa, Akitsugu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a certain class of short-distance cutoff can give rise to large suppression on the CMB anisotropies at large angular scales.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures. Fonts changed. Talk given at QTS3 (Cincinnati, OH, Sept. 2003)
Biomarkers of Knee Joint Healing in Adolescents with Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries
Creators: name: Ek Orloff, Lisa
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2022
Subjects: Adolescents
Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL)
Articular Cartilage Degradation
C-Terminal Crosslinking Telopeptide of Type II Collagen (CTX-II)
Interleukin-6 (IL-6)
Procollagen Type II Collagen Propeptide (PIICP)

description: Objective: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are increasing in adolescents and increase the risk for early-onset knee osteoarthritis (OA). Biomarkers can be a non-invasive measure to assess physiological properties following knee injury or trauma. The objective of this thesis was to i) perform a systematic review to determine the most studied biomarkers of knee healing following ACL reconstruction (ACLR), and age of these patients, and ii) explore the feasibility of measuring these biomarkers in adolescents with ACL injuries. Design: Studies were included if i) participants underwent ACLR, and ii) at least one biomarker of healing was measured. Participant age, sample(s) collected, and biomarker(s) studied were recorded. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), c-terminal crosslinking telopeptide of type II collagen (CTX-II) and procollagen type II collagen propeptide (PIICP) were then measured using ELISA in adolescents prior to ACLR in urine (u) and synovial fluid (sf). Spearman’s Rho (rs) coefficients were calculated to determine the association between uCTX-II/sfCTX-II, and uIL-6/sfIL-6. A ratio of PIICP: CTX-II was calculated to represent the ratio of cartilage synthesis to degradation. Results: The review produced six studies evaluating healing following ACLR. IL-6 and CTX-II were the most studied (3/6 studies), and only one study included adolescents (age 19.6±4.5). Due to multiple undetectable biomarker levels, we could only report rs for uCTX-II/sfCTX-II (rs = -.200, p-value = .800, n=4). We also reported a ratio for sfPIICP: sfCTX-II (23.06 ±19.23). Conclusion: Exploring biomarkers in adolescents was motivated by their unique physiology due to puberty, and this was the first study to do so. The findings from this pilot study indicate that further analysis is required to determine optimal sample preparation. This will allow for reliable results while studying the feasibility of these biomarkers during ACLR recovery. This insight can ensure more informed decision making by clinicians clearing patients for return-to-activity.
Precision Electroweak Tests of the Standard Model
Creators: name: Altarelli, Guido
name: Grunewald, Martin W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of electron-positron collisions at LEP, together with additional measurements from other experiments, in particular those at SLC and at the Tevatron, has allowed for tests of the electroweak Standard Model with unprecedented accuracy. We review the results of the electroweak precision tests and their implications on the determination of the Standard Model parameters, in particular of the Higgs boson mass, and comment on the constraints for possible new physics effects.
description: 16 pages 6 figures; to appear in a special issue of Physics Reports dedicated to CERN on the occasion of the laboratory's 50th anniversary
Didemnum multispirale Kott 2001
Creators: name: Kott, Patricia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2004
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Ascidiacea
Enterogona
Didemnidae
Didemnum
Didemnum multispirale

description: Didemnum multispirale Kott, 2001
 Didemnum multispirale Kott, 2001: 213 and synonymy.
 Distribution. New record: Western Australia (59 n. mls N of Dampier, WAM 187.93). Previously recorded (see Kott, 2001): Western Australia (Exmouth Gulf), Queensland (Great Barrier Reef from Heron I. to Lizard I.), Indonesia. Although Kott (2001) refers to a record from New Caledonia, this is incorrect.
 Remarks. The specimen is a thin sheet, which although not in good condition has spicules and cloacal systems as described for the type material.
description: Published as part of Kott, Patricia, 2004, New and little-known species of Didemnidae (Ascidiacea, Tunicata) from Australia (part I), pp. 731-774 in Journal of Natural History 38 (19) on page 753, DOI: 10.1080/00222930310001647334, http://zenodo.org/record/4653689
Long-range rhombohedral-stacked graphene through shear
Creators: name: Nery, Jean Paul
name: Calandra, Matteo
name: Mauri, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of superconductivity and correlated electronic states in the flat bands of twisted bilayer graphene has raised a lot of excitement. Flat bands also occur in multilayer graphene flakes that present rhombohedral (ABC) stacking order on many consecutive layers. Although Bernal-stacked (AB) graphene is more stable, long-range ABC-ordered flakes involving up to 50 layers have been surprisingly observed in natural samples. Here we present a microscopic atomistic model, based on first-principles density functional theory calculations, that demonstrates how shear stress can produce long-range ABC order. A stress-angle phase diagram shows under which conditions ABC-stacked graphene can be obtained, providing an experimental guide for its synthesis.
Material Discrimination in Cosmic Muon Imaging using Pattern Recognition Method
Creators: name: Tripathy, Sridhar
name: Datta, Jaydeep
name: Majumdar, Nayana
name: Mukhopadhyay, Supratik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work reports numerical simulations and statistical tests carried out to study the performance of a prototype imaging setup to be developed for material discrimination using Muon Scattering Tomography (MST). The reconstructed images have been processed with a Pattern Recognition Method (PRM) to discriminate the low-Z and high-Z materials. The same method has been applied to examine the performance of the setup in recognizing the shape of the test objects. Design parameters of the setup, such as area of the muon detectors, their physical placement, along with their spatial resolution, etc. have been discussed. To evaluate the efficacy of the newly proposed PRM, the results have been compared to another technique based on cluster finding.
description: Change in Caption ,References
ANALYSIS OF HOUSEHOLD CHOICE AND DETERMINANTS OF LIVELIHOOD DIVERSIFICATION ACTIVITIES IN CHOBE DISTRICT, BOTSWANA
Creators: name: Mackenzie, Lesego
name: Mburu, John
name: Irungu, Patrick
name: Mackenzie, Lesego
name: Mburu, John
name: Irungu, Patrick
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: In order to spread the proceeds of the mining sector, the government is aiming at diversifying into agriculture, industry, manufacturing, services and tourism. In its rural poverty reduction strategies the government of Botswana (GoB) has identified the off-farm and non-farm as the leading activities in the rural economy. However, even with the policies and strategies the determinants of livelihood diversification activities have not been studied. There is therefore a gap in knowledge of the determinants of household choice of livelihood diversification activities in Chobe District. Thus, analysing the determinants of household choice of livelihood diversification activities in Chobe District was the purpose of this study. Primary data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. A sample of 195 households was collected from three villages (Mabele, Kavimba and Kachikau) in Chobe District. The three villages chosen were adjacent to Chobe National park. The data was analysed using multinomial logit model (MNL). The results on marginal effects showed that seven out of eleven variables are significant determinants of diversification activities for households, these are gender, age, asset category, distance to market, land ownership, farm size and extension services. Distance to markets had a positive influence to households diversifying to Tourism-based activities (TBA), crop and livestock. This implied that availability of markets encourages households to diversify to TBA, crop and livestock farming. As for crop farming distance to markets had a negative relation to households diversifying to crop farming. Farm size had positive influence on diversification to crop and livestock farming. Access to extension services influenced household diversification to crop and livestock farming positively at 10 percent level at different marginal effects but negative to TBA, crop and xi livestock farming at 5 percent. The diversity of rural livelihood is important in reducing rural poverty. Based on the findings, emphasis should be made on the determinants of diversification. Interventions aimed at improving the livelihood diversification of rural households must consider improving market availability and supervision of land ownership. Government should intervene and even the rural inhabitants should help educate and train younger members of the communities for profitable diversification to TBA, crop and livestock farming.
Retirees as a Growth Industry
Creators: name: Summers, Gene F.
name: Hirschl, Thomas A.
name: Summers, Gene F.
name: Hirschl, Thomas A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1985
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: The aging of America means business opportunities for communities to expand their jobs base and serve their older citizens better. Most retirees have sufficient incomes which they prefer to spend in their own communities. The authors present some general suggestions as well as specific examples of what communities are doing to tap this source of local income.
The poset of all logics II: Leibniz classes and hierarchy
Creators: name: Jansana, R.
name: Moraschini, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A Leibniz class is a class of logics closed under the formation of term-equivalent logics, compatible expansions, and non-indexed products of sets of logics. We study the complete lattice of all Leibniz classes, called the Leibniz hierarchy. In particular, it is proved that the classes of truth-equational and assertional logics are meet-prime in the Leibniz hierarchy, while the classes of protoalgebraic and equivalential logics are meet-reducible. However, the last two classes are shown to be determined by Leibniz conditions consisting of meet-prime logics only.
Killing Reduction of 5-Dimensional Spacetimes
Creators: name: Yang, Xuejun
name: Ma, Yongge
name: Shao, Jianbing
name: Zhou, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a 5-dimensional spacetime ($M,g_{ab}$) with a Killing vector field $ξ^a$ which is either everywhere timelike or everywhere spacelike, the collection of all trajectories of $ξ^a$ gives a 4-dimensional space $S$. The reduction of ($M,g_{ab}$) is studied in the geometric language, which is a generalization of Geroch's method for the reduction of 4-dimensional spacetime. A 4-dimensional gravity coupled to a vector field and a scalar field on $S$ is obtained by the reduction of vacuum Einstein's equations on $M$, which gives also an alternative description of the 5-dimensional Kaluza-Klein theory. Besides the symmetry-reduced action from the Hilbert action on $M$, an alternative action of the fields on $S$ is also obtained, the variations of which lead to the same fields equations as those reduced from the vacuum Einstein equation on $M$.
description: 9 pages, references added
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF SMALLHOLDER FARMERS’ PARTICIPATION IN DOMESTIC HIGH-VALUE MARKETS FOR INDIGENOUS VEGETABLES IN SIAYA COUNTY, KENYA
Creators: name: Jalang’o, Dorcas Anyango
name: Otieno, David Jakinda
name: Oluoch-Kosura, Willis
name: Jalang’o, Dorcas Anyango
name: Otieno, David Jakinda
name: Oluoch-Kosura, Willis
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: AIVs; smallholder farmers; high value markets; Kenya.

description: Supermarkets and other high value markets are rapidly expanding, offering lucrative prices for suppliers of fresh produce. Participation in high value markets holds potential for raising smallholder farmers’ income and reducing poverty in rural areas. However, access to such markets has been a challenge to many smallholder farmers. Despite a growing literature on farmers’ participation in supermarkets, there is limited documentation on the analysis of smallholder African Indigenous Vegetables (AIVs) farmers’ involvement in Kenya. Besides that, there is no literature on other emerging high value domestic markets such as hospitals, schools and hotels. In order to address this knowledge gap, this study examined the factors that influence smallholder AIVs farmers’ participation in such markets in rural Kenya. In order to address this knowledge gap, the present study analyzed data from a random sample of 150 AIVs farmers in Siaya County, Kenya. Descriptive methods were used to characterize smallholders while a binary logit model was applied to assess factors that influence market participation. The results showed that production is dominated by female farmers using conventional farming methods and inputs. The traditional marketing system is dominant with less than 13% of the farmers selling their vegetables to high value markets. The results of the logit model show that the years in formal education, household income, price, output and access to credit had a positive and significant influence on farmers’ participation in high value markets. However, distance had a negative influence on market participation. Based on these findings, the study recommends policy interventions targeting investments on access to non-restricted credit especially from group-based informal member schemes. Moreover, interventions targeting enhanced access to better production technologies of AIVs would be a milestone in improving quality and quantity of output.