cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Parametrization and optimization of Gaussian non-Markovian unravelings for open quantum dynamics
Creators: name: Megier, Nina
name: Strunz, Walter T.
name: Viviescas, Carlos
name: Luoma, Kimmo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a family of Gaussian non-Markovian stochastic Schrödinger equations for the dynamics of open quantum systems. The different unravelings correspond to different choices of squeezed coherent states, reflecting different measurement schemes on the environment. Consequently, we are able to give a single shot measurement interpretation for the stochastic states and microscopic expressions for the noise correlations of the Gaussian process. By construction, the reduced dynamics of the open system does not depend on the squeezing parameters. They determine the non-hermitian Gaussian correlation, a wide range of which are compatible with the Markov limit. We demonstrate the versatility of our results for quantum information tasks in the non-Markovian regime. In particular, by optimizing the squeezing parameters, we can tailor unravelings for optimal entanglement bounds or for environment-assisted entanglement protection.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
Softmax-free Linear Transformers
Creators: name: Lu, Jiachen
name: Zhang, Junge
name: Zhu, Xiatian
name: Feng, Jianfeng
name: Xiang, Tao
name: Zhang, Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Vision transformers (ViTs) have pushed the state-of-the-art for visual perception tasks. The self-attention mechanism underpinning the strength of ViTs has a quadratic complexity in both computation and memory usage. This motivates the development of approximating the self-attention at linear complexity. However, an in-depth analysis in this work reveals that existing methods are either theoretically flawed or empirically ineffective for visual recognition. We identify that their limitations are rooted in the inheritance of softmax-based self-attention during approximations, that is, normalizing the scaled dot-product between token feature vectors using the softmax function. As preserving the softmax operation challenges any subsequent linearization efforts. By this insight, a family of Softmax-Free Transformers (SOFT) are proposed. Specifically, a Gaussian kernel function is adopted to replace the dot-product similarity, enabling a full self-attention matrix to be approximated under low-rank matrix decomposition. For computational robustness, we estimate the Moore-Penrose inverse using an iterative Newton-Raphson method in the forward process only, while calculating its theoretical gradients only once in the backward process. To further expand applicability (e.g., dense prediction tasks), an efficient symmetric normalization technique is introduced. Extensive experiments on ImageNet, COCO, and ADE20K show that our SOFT significantly improves the computational efficiency of existing ViT variants. With linear complexity, much longer token sequences are permitted by SOFT, resulting in superior trade-off between accuracy and complexity. Code and models are available at https://github.com/fudan-zvg/SOFT.
description: Accepted by IJCV. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2110.11945
Study of distortion effects and clustering of isotopic impurities in solid molecular para-hydrogen by Shadow Wave Functions
Creators: name: Operetto, Francesco
name: Pederiva, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We employed a fully optimized Shadow Wave Function (SWF) in combination with Variational Monte Carlo techniques to investigate the properties of HD molecules and molecular ortho-deuterium (o-D_2) in bulk solid para-hydrogen (p-H_2). Calculations were performed for different concentrations of impurities ranging from about 1% to 25% at the equilibrium density for the para-hydrogen crystal. By computing the excess energy both for clustered and isolated impurities we tried to determine a limit for the solubility of HD and o-D_2 in p-H_2.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Cohomology and geometry of Deligne--Lusztig varieties for ${\rm GL}_n$
Creators: name: Wang, Yingying
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20C33, 14G17

description: We give a description of the cohomology groups of the structure sheaf on smooth compactifications $\overline{X}(w)$ of Deligne--Lusztig varieties $X(w)$ for ${\rm GL}_n$, for all elements $w$ in the Weyl group. As a consequence, we obtain the ${\rm mod}\ p^m$ and integral $p$-adic étale cohomology of $\overline{X}(w)$. Moreover, using our result for $\overline{X}(w)$ and a spectral sequence associated to a stratification of $\overline{X}(w)$, we deduce the ${\rm mod}\ p^m$ and integral $p$-adic étale cohomology with compact support of $X(w)$.
 In our proof of the main theorem, in addition to considering the Demazure--Hansen smooth compactifications of $X(w)$, we show that a similar class of constructions provide smooth compactifications of $X(w)$ in the case of ${\rm GL}_n$. Furthermore, we show in the appendix that the Zariski closure of $X(w)$, for any connected reductive group $G$ and any $w$, has pseudo-rational singularities.
description: 40 pages
Additional file 1: of The effects of ipsilateral tilt position on right subclavian venous catheterization: study protocol for a prospective randomized trial
Creators: name: Dhong Eun Jung
name: Hyung-Chul Lee
name: Hyun-Kyu Yoon
name: Hee-Pyoung Park
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials (SPIRIT) Checklist. (DOC 125Â kb)
On the Poincare polynomials for Landau-Ginzburg Orbifolds
Creators: name: Sato, Hitoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct the Poincare polynomials for Landau-Ginzburg orbifolds with projection operators.Using them we show that special types of dualities including Poincare duality are realized under certain conditions. When Calabi-Yau interpretation exists, two simple formulae for Hodge numbers $h^{2,1}$ and $h^{1,1}$ are obtained.
description: 10pages,Latex
Modified Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney Test and Power Against Strong Null
Creators: name: Fong, Youyi
name: Huang, Ying
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: The Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney (WMW) test is a popular rank-based two-sample testing procedure for the strong null hypothesis that the two samples come from the same distribution. A modified WMW test, the Fligner–Policello (FP) test, has been proposed for comparing the medians of two populations. A fact that may be under-appreciated among some practitioners is that the FP test can also be used to test the strong null like the WMW. In this article, we compare the power of the WMW and FP tests for testing the strong null. Our results show that neither test is uniformly better than the other and that there can be substantial differences in power between the two choices. We propose a new, modified WMW test that combines the WMW and FP tests. Monte Carlo studies show that the combined test has good power compared to either the WMW and FP test. We provide a fast implementation of the proposed test in an open-source software. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Additional file 1: of Using high throughput microtissue culture to study the difference in prostate cancer cell behavior and drug response in 2D and 3D co-cultures
Creators: name: Mosaad, Eman
name: Chambers, Karen
name: Futrega, Kathryn
name: Clements, Judith
name: Doran, Michael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Figure S1. Restriction map of MSCV-Luc-GFP plasmid. Figure S2. Luciferase gene expression in C42B-MSCV cell lines. Table S1. Primers and annealing temperatures used for qRT-PCR. (PDF 609Â kb)
title: "Jacques Leibowitch : Le sida fait réviser notre regard historique sur la médecine"
Creators: name: Leibowitch, Jacques
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: Entretien dans Libération, 10-11 septembre 1983. Texte imprimé numérisé.
description: Source: http://www.calames.abes.fr/pub/ms/Calames-2019311103179816
description: created: start=1983-09-10;end=1983-09-11
Additional file 1: of Healthcare studentsâ perceptions about their role, confidence and competence to deliver brief public health interventions and advice
Creators: name: Sionnadh McLean
name: Charlesworth, Laura
name: May, Stephen
name: Pollard, Nick
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Focus group topic guide. This file is the topic guide used to enable the focus group facilitator to explore relevant issues during the focus groups. (DOCX 16 kb)
Differential cross sections for muonic atom scattering from hydrogenic molecules
Creators: name: Adamczak, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The differential cross sections for low-energy muonic hydrogen atom scattering from hydrogenic molecules are directly expressed by the corresponding amplitudes for muonic atom scattering from hydrogen-isotope nuclei. The energy and angular dependence of these three-body amplitudes is thus taken naturally into account in scattering from molecules, without involving any pseudopotentials. Effects of the internal motion of nuclei inside the target molecules are included for every initial rotational-vibrational state. These effects are very significant as the considered three-body amplitudes often vary strongly within the energy interval $\lesssim{}0.1$ eV. The differential cross sections, calculated using the presented method, have been successfully used for planning and interpreting many experiments in low-energy muon physics. Studies of $μ^{-}$ nuclear capture in $pμ$ and the measurement of the Lamb shift in $pμ$ atoms created in H$_2$ gaseous targets are recent examples.
description: 21 pages, 13 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. A
Charge Separation and Dissipation in Molecular Wires under a Light Radiation
Creators: name: Xie, Hang
name: Zhang, Yu
name: Kwok, Yanho
name: Sha, Wei E. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photo-induced charge separation in nanowires or molecular wires had been studied in previous experiments and simulations. Most researches deal with the carrier diffusions with the classical phenomenological models, or the static energy levels by quantum mechanics calculations. Here we give a dynamic quantum investigation on the charge separation and dissipation in molecule wires. The method is based on the time-dependent non-equilibrium Green's function theory. Polyacetylene chain and poly-phenylene are used as model systems with a tight-binding Hamiltonian and the wide band limit approximation in this study. A light pulse with the energy larger than the band gap is radiated on the system. The evolution and dissipation of the non-equilibrium carriers in the open nano systems are studied. With an external electric potentials or impurity atoms, the charge separation is observed. Our calculations show that the separation behaviors of the electron/hole wave packets are related to the Coulomb interaction, light intensity and the effective masses of electron/hole in the molecular wire.
description: 20 pages,8 figures
Optimisation of the lowest Robin eigenvalue in the exterior of a compact set, II: non-convex domains and higher dimensions
Creators: name: Krejcirik, David
name: Lotoreichik, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the problem of geometric optimisation of the lowest eigenvalue of the Laplacian in the exterior of a compact set in any dimension, subject to attractive Robin boundary conditions. As an improvement upon our previous work (arXiv:1608.04896, to appear in J. Convex Anal.), we show that under either a constraint of fixed perimeter or area, the maximiser within the class of exteriors of simply connected planar sets is always the exterior of a disk, without the need of convexity assumption. Moreover, we generalise the result to disconnected compact planar sets. Namely, we prove that under a constraint of fixed average value of the perimeter over all the connected components, the maximiser within the class of disconnected compact planar sets, consisting of finitely many simply connected components, is again a disk. In higher dimensions, we prove a completely new result that the lowest point in the spectrum is maximised by the exterior of a ball among all sets exterior to bounded convex sets satisfying a constraint on the integral of a dimensional power of the mean curvature of their boundaries. Furthermore, it follows that the critical coupling at which the lowest point in the spectrum becomes a discrete eigenvalue emerging from the essential spectrum is minimised under the same constraint by the critical coupling for the exterior of a ball.
description: 15 pages
Structural, point-free, non-Hausdorff topological realization of Borel groupoid actions
Creators: name: Chen, Ruiyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03E15, 22A22, 22F10, 06D22

description: We extend the Becker--Kechris topological realization and change-of-topology theorems for Polish group actions in several directions. For Polish group actions, we prove a single result that implies the original Becker--Kechris theorems, as well as Sami's and Hjorth's sharpenings adapted levelwise to the Borel hierarchy; automatic continuity of Borel actions via homeomorphisms; and the equivalence of "potentially open" versus "orbitwise open" Borel sets. We also characterize "potentially open" $n$-ary relations, thus yielding a topological realization theorem for invariant Borel first-order structures. We then generalize to groupoid actions, and prove a result subsuming Lupini's Becker--Kechris-type theorems for open Polish groupoids, newly adapted to the Borel hierarchy, as well as topological realizations of actions on fiberwise topological bundles and bundles of first-order structures.
 Our proof method is new even in the classical case of Polish groups, and is based entirely on formal algebraic properties of category quantifiers; in particular, we make no use of either metrizability or the strong Choquet game. Consequently, our proofs work equally well in the non-Hausdorff context, for open quasi-Polish groupoids, and more generally in the point-free context, for open localic groupoids.
description: 59 pages; revisions from refereeing
Additional file 4 of Genome-wide analysis of the WRKY gene family in the cucumber genome and transcriptome-wide identification of WRKY transcription factors that respond to biotic and abiotic stresses
Creators: name: Chen, Chunhua
name: Chen, Xueqian
name: Han, Jing
name: Lu, Wenli
name: Ren, Zhonghai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Table S2. List of WRKY domains sequence derived from cucumber and Arabidopsis.
A New Spin on Galactic Dust
Creators: name: de Oliveira-Costa, Angelica
name: Tegmark, Max
name: Finkbeiner, Douglas P.
name: Davies, R. D.
name: Gutierrez, Carlos M.
name: Haffner, L. M.
name: Jones, Aled W.
name: Lasenby, A. N.
name: Rebolo, R.
name: Reynolds, Ron J.
name: Tufte, S. L.
name: Watson, R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new puzzle involving Galactic microwave emission and attempt to resolve it. On one hand, a cross-correlation analysis of the WHAM H-alpha map with the Tenerife 10 and 15 GHz maps shows that the well-known DIRBE correlated microwave emission cannot be dominated by free-free emission. On the other hand, recent high resolution observations in the 8-10 GHz range with the Green Bank 140 ft telescope by Finkbeiner et al. failed to find the corresponding 8 sigma signal that would be expected in the simplest spinning dust models. So what physical mechanism is causing this ubiquitous dust-correlated emission? We argue for a model predicting that spinning dust is the culprit after all, but that the corresponding small grains are well correlated with the larger grains seen at 100 micron only on large angular scales. In support of this grain segregation model, we find the best spinning dust template to involve higher frequency maps in the range 12-60 micron, where emission from transiently heated small grains is important. Upcoming CMB experiments such as ground-based interferometers, MAP and Planck LFI with high resolution at low frequencies should allow a definitive test of this model.
description: Minor revisions to match accepted ApJ version. 6 pages, 4 figs. Color figures and more foreground information at http://www.hep.upenn.edu/~angelica/foreground.html#spin or from angelica@hep.upenn.edu
Impact of strain on the optical fingerprint of monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides
Creators: name: Feierabend, Maja
name: Morlet, Alexandre
name: Berghäuser, Gunnar
name: Malic, Ermin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strain presents a straightforward tool to tune electronic properties of atomically thin nanomaterials that are highly sensitive to lattice deformations. While the influence of strain on the electronic band structure has been intensively studied, there are only few works on its impact on optical properties of monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs). Combining microscopic theory based on Wannier and Bloch equations with nearestneighbor tight-binding approximation, we present an analytical view on how uni- and biaxial strain influences the optical fingerprint of TMDs including their excitonic binding energy, oscillator strength, optical selection rules, and the radiative broadening of excitonic resonances. We show that the impact of strain can be reduced to changes in the lattice structure (geometric effect) and in the orbital functions (overlap effect). In particular, we demonstrate that the valley-selective optical selection rule is softened in the case of uniaxial strain due to the introduced asymmetry in the lattice structure. Furthermore, we reveal a considerable increase of the radiative dephasing due to strain-induced changes in the optical matrix element and the excitonic wave functions.
Exploring the Dynamics of Factors Influencing the Career Choice of Entrepreneurship:  A Literature Review
Creators: name: Seybold Report Journal
Publisher: name: Seybold Report Journal
Year: 2024
Subjects: Entrepreneurship, Entrepreneurial career choice, career development, Papua, literature review

description: Abstract

In Papua Province, entrepreneurship faces unique challenges, including limited infrastructure, inadequate entrepreneurship education, and socio-economic barriers that hinder economic growth in the MSME sector. Although Papua has great economic potential, the development of entrepreneurs, both from among indigenous people and migrant communities. This study aims to explore and analyse the factors that influence entrepreneurial career choice through a comprehensive literature review. Entrepreneurial career development is a complex process. The review identifies the various dynamics that influence entrepreneurial career choice, including how social and economic environments play a role in facilitating or hindering the decision to start a business. In addition, the review provides a more in-depth perspective on the role of entrepreneurship education and training in enhancing individuals' intention and readiness to become entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurial career development and decisions are influenced by a range of social, psychological and educational factors. Social support from family, friends and mentors play an important role in encouraging individuals to translate entrepreneurial intentions into action. Psychological factors such as internal locus of control and self-efficacy also strongly influence an individual's ability to recognise opportunities and face business risks. Entrepreneurship education, especially those that provide practical skills, is shown to play a significant role in increasing students' intention to start a business, although some entrepreneurship education programmes may trigger more mature career reflection.

Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Entrepreneurial career choice, career development, Papua, literature review
Lattice gas description of pyrochlore and checkerboard antiferromagnets in a strong magnetic field
Creators: name: Zhitomirsky, M. E.
name: Tsunetsugu, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum Heisenberg antiferromagnets on pyrochlore and checkerboard lattices in a strong external magnetic field are mapped onto hard-core lattice gases with an extended exclusion region. The effective models are studied by the exchange Monte Carlo simulations and by the transfer matrix method. The transition point and the critical exponents are obtained numerically for a square-lattice gas of particles with the second-neighbor exclusion, which describes a checkerboard antiferromagnet. The exact structure of the magnon crystal state is determined for a pyrochlore antiferromagnet.
description: 11 pages, accepted version
Additional file 1: of Modelling job support, job fit, job role and job satisfaction for school of nursing sessional academic staff
Creators: name: Cowin, Leanne
name: Moroney, Robyn
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Sessional Staff Spring Satisfaction and Suggestion Survey. (DOCX 28 kb)
title: ADCO, Ordre cistercien : comptes (1499-1515) (11 H 1162), f. 00443
Creators: name: de la Côte-d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CBMA/CG21/F.PETOT/2019
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: comptes
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge

description: Ordre cistercien : comptes (1499-1515), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1162). Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Ordre cistercien : comptes (1499-1515), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1162), f. 00443, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi \[Ressource en ligne\], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
Particle Trajectories for Quantum Maps
Creators: name: Borns-Weil, Yonah
name: Oltman, Izak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81P15 (Primary), 81Q20, 37N20 (Secondary)

description: We study the trajectories of a semiclassical quantum particle under repeated indirect measurement by Kraus operators, in the setting of the quantized torus. In between measurements, the system evolves via either Hamiltonian propagators or metaplectic operators. We show in both cases the convergence in total variation of the quantum trajectory to its corresponding classical trajectory, as defined by propagation of a semiclassical defect measure. This convergence holds up to the Ehrenfest time of the classical system, which is larger when the system is less chaotic. In addition, we present numerical simulations of these effects.
 In proving this result, we provide a characterization of a type of semi-classical defect measure we call uniform defect measures. We also prove derivative estimates of a function composed with a flow on the torus.
description: 42 pages, 8 figures
Additional file 1: of Prevalence of anemia among school-age children in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Robel Tezera
name: Zekariyas Sahile
name: Delelegn Yilma
name: Equilnet Misganaw
name: Ermiyas Mulu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Table S1. PRISMA Checklist. (PDF 203Â kb)
Charge sum rules in N=2 theories
Creators: name: Aharony, O.
name: Yankielowicz, S.
name: Schellekens, A. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some errors in section 4 are corrected. No change in the results.
description: 25 pages
DPAR: Decoupled Graph Neural Networks with Node-Level Differential Privacy
Creators: name: Zhang, Qiuchen
name: Lee, Hong kyu
name: Ma, Jing
name: Lou, Jian
name: Yang, Carl
name: Xiong, Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved great success in learning with graph-structured data. Privacy concerns have also been raised for the trained models which could expose the sensitive information of graphs including both node features and the structure information. In this paper, we aim to achieve node-level differential privacy (DP) for training GNNs so that a node and its edges are protected. Node DP is inherently difficult for GNNs because all direct and multi-hop neighbors participate in the calculation of gradients for each node via layer-wise message passing and there is no bound on how many direct and multi-hop neighbors a node can have, so existing DP methods will result in high privacy cost or poor utility due to high node sensitivity. We propose a Decoupled GNN with Differentially Private Approximate Personalized PageRank (DPAR) for training GNNs with an enhanced privacy-utility tradeoff. The key idea is to decouple the feature projection and message passing via a DP PageRank algorithm which learns the structure information and uses the top-$K$ neighbors determined by the PageRank for feature aggregation. By capturing the most important neighbors for each node and avoiding the layer-wise message passing, it bounds the node sensitivity and achieves improved privacy-utility tradeoff compared to layer-wise perturbation based methods. We theoretically analyze the node DP guarantee for the two processes combined together and empirically demonstrate better utilities of DPAR with the same level of node DP compared with state-of-the-art methods.
description: Accepted to The 2024 Web Conference
Exploring Student Understanding of Energy through the Quantum Mechanics Conceptual Survey
Creators: name: McKagan, S. B.
name: Wieman, C. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of student understanding of energy in quantum mechanical tunneling and barrier penetration. This paper will focus on student responses to two questions that were part of a test given in class to two modern physics classes and in individual interviews with 17 students. The test, which we refer to as the Quantum Mechanics Conceptual Survey (QMCS), is being developed to measure student understanding of basic concepts in quantum mechanics. In this paper we explore and clarify the previously reported misconception that reflection from a barrier is due to particles having a range of energies rather than wave properties. We also confirm previous studies reporting the student misconception that energy is lost in tunneling, and report a misconception not previously reported, that potential energy diagrams shown in tunneling problems do not represent the potential energy of the particle itself. The present work is part of a much larger study of student understanding of quantum mechanics.
Hohenberg-Kohn theorem for the lowest-energy resonance of unbound systems
Creators: name: Wasserman, Adam
name: Moiseyev, Nimrod
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that under well-defined conditions the Hohenberg-Kohn theorem (HKT) can be extended to the lowest-energy resonance of unbound systems. Using the Gel'fand Levitan theorem, the extended version of the HKT can also be applied to systems that support a finite number of bound states. The extended version of the HKT provides an adequate framework to carry out DFT calculations of negative electron affinities.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Closed form representation for a projection onto infinitely dimensional subspace spanned by Coulomb bound states
Creators: name: Deryuzhkova, O. M.
name: Levin, S. B.
name: Yakovlev, S. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The closed form integral representation for the projection onto the subspace spanned by bound states of the two-body Coulomb Hamiltonian is obtained. The projection operator onto the $n^2$ dimensional subspace corresponding to the $n$-th eigenvalue in the Coulomb discrete spectrum is also represented as the combination of Laguerre polynomials of $n$-th and $(n-1)$-th order. The latter allows us to derive an analog of the Christoffel-Darboux summation formula for the Laguerre polynomials. The representations obtained are believed to be helpful in solving the breakup problem in a system of three charged particles where the correct treatment of infinitely many bound states in two body subsystems is one of the most difficult technical problems.
description: 7 pages
Topologically non-trivial configurations in the 4d Einstein--nonlinear $σ$-model system
Creators: name: Canfora, Fabrizio
name: Dimakis, Nikolaos
name: Paliathanasis, Andronikos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct exact, regular and topologically non-trivial\ configurations of the coupled Einstein-nonlinear sigma model in (3+1) dimensions. The ansatz for the nonlinear $SU(2)$ field is regular everywhere and circumvents Derrick's theorem because it depends explicitly on time, but in such a way that its energy-momentum tensor is compatible with a stationary metric. Moreover, the $SU(2)$ configuration cannot be continuously deformed to the trivial Pion vacuum as it possesses a non-trivial winding number. We reduce the full coupled 4D Einstein nonlinear sigma model system to a single second order ordinary differential equation. When the cosmological constant vanishes, such master equation can be further reduced to an Abel equation. Two interesting regular solutions correspond to a stationary traversable wormhole (whose only \textquotedblleft exotic matter" is a negative cosmological constant) and a (3+1)-dimensional cylinder whose (2+1)-dimensional section is a Lorentzian squashed sphere. The Klein-Gordon equation in these two families of spacetimes can be solved in terms of special functions. The angular equation gives rise to the Jacobi polynomials while the radial equation belongs to the Poschl-Teller family. The solvability of the Poschl-Teller problem implies non-trivial quantization conditions on the parameters of the theory.
description: 14 pages, to appear in Physical Review D
Additional file 5 of A meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies for average daily gain and lean meat percentage in two Duroc pig populations
Creators: name: Zhou, Shenping
name: Ding, Rongrong
name: Meng, Fanming
name: Wang, Xingwang
name: Zhuang, Zhanwei
name: Quan, Jianping
name: Geng, Qian
name: Wu, Jie
name: Zheng, Enqin
name: Wu, Zhenfang
name: Yang, Jianhui
name: Yang, Jie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5: Table S2. Significant SNPs and candidate genes for ADG and LMP in meta-analysis.
SPIRAL Phase A: A Prototype Integral Field Spectrograph for the AAT
Creators: name: Kenworthy, Matthew A.
name: Parry, Ian R.
name: Taylor, Keith
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present details of a prototype fiber feed for use on the Anglo-Australian Telescope (AAT) that uses a dedicated fiber-fed medium/high resolution (R > 10000) visible-band spectrograph to give integral field spectroscopy (IFS) of an extended object. A focal reducer couples light from the telescope to the close-packed lenslet array and fiber feed, allowing the spectrograph be used on other telescopes with the change of a single lens. By considering the properties of the fibers in the design of the spectrograph, an efficient design can be realised, and we present the first scientific results of a prototype spectrograph using a fiber feed with 37 spatial elements, namely the detection of Lithium confirming a brown dwarf candidate and IFS of the supernova remnant SN1987A.
description: 41 pages, 15 figures, 3 tables; accepted by PASP
Qualitative reasoning in a two-layered framework
Creators: name: Bilkova, Marta
name: Frittella, Sabine
name: Kozhemiachenko, Daniil
name: Majer, Ondrej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03B42

description: The reasoning with qualitative uncertainty measures involves comparative statements about events in terms of their likeliness without necessarily assigning an exact numerical value to these events. The paper is divided into two parts. In the first part, we formalise reasoning with the qualitative counterparts of capacities, belief functions, and probabilities, within the framework of two-layered logics. Namely, we provide two-layered logics built over the classical propositional logic using a unary belief modality $\Be$ that connects the inner layer to the outer one where the reasoning is formalised by means of Gödel logic. We design their Hilbert-style axiomatisations and prove their completeness. In the second part, we discuss the paraconsistent generalisations of the logics for qualitative uncertainty that take into account the case of the available information being contradictory or inconclusive.
Additional file 1: of Attitudes of U.S. Hispanic and non-Hispanic women toward congenital CMV prevention behaviors: a cross sectional study
Creators: name: Thackeray, Rosemary
name: Magnusson, Brianna
name: Bennion, Erica
name: Nielsen, Natalia
name: Bailey, Ryan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Hispanic & non-Hispanic womenâ s attitudes toward individual CMV prevention behaviors. Table that shows Hispanic and non-Hispanic womenâ s attitudes toward four CMV prevention behaviors. (DOCX 16 kb)
A conductive topological insulator with colossal spin Hall effect for ultra-low power spin-orbit-torque switching
Creators: name: Khang, Nguyen Huynh Duy
name: Ueda, Yugo
name: Hai, Pham Nam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin-orbit-torque (SOT) switching using the spin Hall effect (SHE) in heavy metals and topological insulators (TIs) has great potential for ultra-low power magnetoresistive random-access memory (MRAM). To be competitive with conventional spin-transfer-torque (STT) switching, a pure spin current source with large spin Hall angle ($θ_{SH}$ > 1) and high electrical conductivity ($σ > 10^5 Ω^{-1}m^{-1}$) is required. Here, we demonstrate such a pure spin current source: BiSb thin films with $σ{\sim}2.5*10^5 Ω^{-1}m^{-1}$, $θ_{SH}{\sim}52$, and spin Hall conductivity $σ_{SH}{\sim}1.3*10^7 {\hbar}/2eΩ^{-1}m^{-1}$ at room temperature. We show that BiSb thin films can generate a colossal spin-orbit field of 2770 Oe/(MA/cm$^2$) and a critical switching current density as low as 1.5 MA/cm$^2$ in Bi$_{0.9}$Sb$_{0.1}$ / MnGa bi-layers. BiSb is the best candidate for the first industrial application of topological insulators.
Maximum Entropy Limit of Small-scale Magnetic Field Fluctuations in the Quiet Sun
Creators: name: Gorobets, A. Y.
name: Berdyugina, S. V.
name: Riethmüller, T. L.
name: Rodríguez, J. Blanco
name: Solanki, S. K.
name: Barthol, P.
name: Gandorfer, A.
name: Gizon, L.
name: Hirzberger, J.
name: van Noort, M.
name: Iniesta, J. C. Del Toro
name: Suárez, D. Orozco
name: Schmidt, W.
name: Pillet, V. Martínez
name: Knölker, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observed magnetic field on the solar surface is characterized by a very complex spatial and temporal behavior. Although feature-tracking algorithms have allowed us to deepen our understanding of this behavior, subjectivity plays an important role in the identification and tracking of such features. In this paper, we continue studies Gorobets, A. Y., Borrero, J. M., & Berdyugina, S. 2016, ApJL, 825, L18 of the temporal stochasticity of the magnetic field on the solar surface without relying either on the concept of magnetic features or on subjective assumptions about their identification and interaction. We propose a data analysis method to quantify fluctuations of the line-of-sight magnetic field by means of reducing the temporal field's evolution to the regular Markov process. We build a representative model of fluctuations converging to the unique stationary (equilibrium) distribution in the long time limit with maximum entropy. We obtained different rates of convergence to the equilibrium at fixed noise cutoff for two sets of data. This indicates a strong influence of the data spatial resolution and mixing-polarity fluctuations on the relaxation process. The analysis is applied to observations of magnetic fields of the relatively quiet areas around an active region carried out during the second flight of the Sunrise/IMaX and quiet Sun areas at the disk center from the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory satellite.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series (accepted)
Improved Adams-type inequalities and their extremals in dimension 2m
Creators: name: DelaTorre, Azahara
name: Mancini, Gabriele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35J30, 35J61, 35B33, 35B44

description: In this paper we prove the existence of extremal functions for the Adams-Moser-Trudinger inequality on the Sobolev space $H^{m}(Ω)$, where $Ω$ is any bounded, smooth, open subset of $\mathbb{R}^{2m}$, $m\ge 1$. Moreover, we extend this result to improved versions of Adams' inequality of Adimurthi-Druet type. Our strategy is based on blow-up analysis for sequences of subcritical extremals and introduces several new techniques and constructions. The most important one is a new procedure for obtaining capacity-type estimates on annular regions.
Magnetic and Resonance Properties of the Compound (NH3)2(CH2)3CoCl4 - an Antiferromagnet with the Dzyaloshinskii Interaction
Creators: name: Cherny, A. S.
name: Dergachev, K. G.
name: Kobets, M. I.
name: Khatsko, E. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The static magnetic and dynamic properties of the compound (NH3)2(CH2)3CoCl4 are investigated in the temperature interval 0.5-50 K. It is shown that at TN =2.05 K this compound undergoes a transition to a magnetically ordered antiferromagnet state. A distinctive feature of this compound is the presence of temperature hysteresis at the transition to the ordered state (corresponding to a first order magnetic phase transition) and of a spontaneous magnetic moment along the x axis. The paramagnetic Curie temperatures are determined. The frequency-field curves of the AFMR spectrum in the xy plane are investigated at a temperature below TN. The main magnetic parameters of the biaxial AFM - the value of the low-frequency gap and the effective magnetic anisotropy field - are determined.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
CLUTR: Curriculum Learning via Unsupervised Task Representation Learning
Creators: name: Azad, Abdus Salam
name: Gur, Izzeddin
name: Emhoff, Jasper
name: Alexis, Nathaniel
name: Faust, Aleksandra
name: Abbeel, Pieter
name: Stoica, Ion
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms are often known for sample inefficiency and difficult generalization. Recently, Unsupervised Environment Design (UED) emerged as a new paradigm for zero-shot generalization by simultaneously learning a task distribution and agent policies on the generated tasks. This is a non-stationary process where the task distribution evolves along with agent policies; creating an instability over time. While past works demonstrated the potential of such approaches, sampling effectively from the task space remains an open challenge, bottlenecking these approaches. To this end, we introduce CLUTR: a novel unsupervised curriculum learning algorithm that decouples task representation and curriculum learning into a two-stage optimization. It first trains a recurrent variational autoencoder on randomly generated tasks to learn a latent task manifold. Next, a teacher agent creates a curriculum by maximizing a minimax REGRET-based objective on a set of latent tasks sampled from this manifold. Using the fixed-pretrained task manifold, we show that CLUTR successfully overcomes the non-stationarity problem and improves stability. Our experimental results show CLUTR outperforms PAIRED, a principled and popular UED method, in the challenging CarRacing and navigation environments: achieving 10.6X and 45\% improvement in zero-shot generalization, respectively. CLUTR also performs comparably to the non-UED state-of-the-art for CarRacing, while requiring 500X fewer environment interactions.
description: Preprint, Currently Under Review
Measurements of Floquet code plaquette stabilizers
Creators: name: Wootton, James R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recently introduced Floquet codes have already inspired several follow up works in terms of theory and simulation. Here we report the first preliminary results on their experimental implementation, using IBM Quantum hardware. Specifically, we implement the stabilizer measurements of the original Floquet code based on the honeycomb lattice model, as well as the more recently introduced Floquet Color code. The stabilizers of these are measured on a variety of systems, with the rate of syndrome changes used as a proxy for the noise of the device.
description: This manuscript is not intended for submission to a journal
Additional file 1: of Exploring the potential of a multi-level approach to improve capability for continuous organizational improvement and learning in a Swedish healthcare region
Creators: name: M. Nyström
name: E. Höög
name: R. Garvare
name: M. Andersson Bäck
name: D. Terris
name: J. Hansson
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Interview manuals. Interview manuals for three rounds of interviews with participants from the municipalities (Case 2–3) and the three rounds of interviews with members of the R&D unit. (DOCX 27 kb)
Fourier Plane Image Combination by Feathering
Creators: name: Cotton, W. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 85-08

description: Astronomical objects frequently exhibit structure over a wide range of scales whereas many telescopes, especially interferometer arrays, only sample a limited range of spatial scales. In order to properly image these objects, images from a set of instruments covering the range of scales may be needed. These images then must be combined in a manner to recover all spatial scales. This paper describes the feathering technique for image combination in the Fourier transform plane. Implementations in several packages are discussed and example combinations of single dish and interferometric observations of both simulated and celestial radio emission are given.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures