cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Preface: Inequality and Growth: A Preamble
Creators: name: Basu, Kaushik
name: Stiglitz, Joseph E.
name: Hon, Vivian
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Economics
Macroeconomics
Income distribution
Economic development

description: It was a part of the common wisdom of mainstream economics that, for developing countries, in the early stages of development, inequality would rise but, as growth persisted, inequality would, eventually, decline. Evidence gathered over the first three decades after World War II, seemed to suggest that this pattern would be borne out. But, as more time passed and growth persisted, inequality, as measured on several dimensions, has continued to grow. What this illustrates is the folly of trying to determine long-run future trends by extrapolating from a couple of decades of data. Looking at the past is an uncertain guide for the future: the innovations created at each stage of history may or may not make the next fundamentally different from those of the past. To peer into the future, we will not only need data but also analysis and theory. Our aim in this volume is more modest than peering into the distant future; but rather, to analyze the current state of global and regional inequality, to dissect the phenomenal increase in inequality that we have seen occur in recent times, and to better understand the relationship between inequality and development. But taking a cue from what was argued above, we have been mindful to bring analysis and economic theory to bear on data and statistics. This was one of the driving forces behind the conceptualization of this monograph, which eventually grew to being a two-volume set. But there were other driving forces.
Orchidee italiane: Ophrys classica Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers
Creators: name: Romieg Soca
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Ophrys

description: Romolini R. & Soca R., 2015. Orchidee italiane: Ophrys classica Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers. GIROS Orchidee Spontanee d'Europa 58(2): 365-374, 427-429.
Inequality and Economic Growth
Creators: name: Stiglitz, Joseph E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Economics
Income distribution
Economic development
Equality

description: This chapter argues in favour of alternative explanations of inequality, with particular reference to the theory of rent-seeking and to the influence of institutional and political factors, which have shaped labour markets and patterns of remuneration. And it shows that, far from being either necessary or good for economic growth, excessive inequality tends to lead to weaker economic performance. In light of this, it argues for a range of policies that would increase both equity and economic well-being.
The kinematical Hilbert space of Loop Quantum Gravity from BF theories
Creators: name: Cianfrani, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, it is demonstrated how the kinematical Hilbert space of Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG) can be inferred from the configuration space of BF theories via the imposition of the Hamiltonian constraints. In particular, it is outlined how the projection to the representations associated with Ashtekar-Barbero connections provides the correct procedure to implement second-class constraints and the corresponding nontrivial induced symplectic structure. Then, the reduction to SU(2) invariant intertwiners is analyzed and the properties of LQG states under Lorentz transformations is discussed.
description: 13 pages
Josephson tunneling of dark solitons in a double-well potential
Creators: name: Susanto, H.
name: Cuevas, J.
name: Kruger, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of matter waves in an effectively one-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate in a double well potential. We consider in particular the case when one of the double wells confines excited states. Similarly to the known ground state oscillations, the states can tunnel between the wells experiencing the physics known for electrons in a Josephson junction, or be self-trapped. As the existence of dark solitons in a harmonic trap are continuations of such non-ground state excitations, one can view the Josephson-like oscillations as tunnelings of dark solitons. Numerical existence and stability analysis based on the full equation is performed, where it is shown that such tunneling can be stable. Through a numerical path following method, unstable tunneling is also obtained in different parameter regions. A coupled-mode system is derived and compared to the numerical observations. Regions of (in)stability of Josephson tunneling are discussed and highlighted. Finally, we outline an experimental scheme designed to explore such dark soliton dynamics in the laboratory.
description: submitted
Exact Poisson pencils, $τ$-structures and topological hierarchies
Creators: name: Falqui, Gregorio
name: Lorenzoni, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss, in the framework of Dubrovin-Zhang's perturbative approach to integrable evolutionary PDEs in 1+1 dimensions, the role of a special class of Poisson pencils, called exact Poisson pencils. In particular we show that, in the semisimple case, exactness of the pencil is equivalent to the constancy of the so-called "central invariants" of the theory that were introduced by Dubrovin, Liu and Zhang.
description: 31 pages, final version to appear in Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena
Recent advances in the synthesis of biologically active compounds containing benzo[b] furans as a framework
Creators: name: Mommahed Heravi, Majid
name: Zadsirjan, Vahideh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 30302 Nanochemistry and Supramolecular Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30701 Quantum Chemistry
subject: 39904 Organometallic Chemistry
subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: 30502 Natural Products Chemistry
subject: 30599 Organic Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: 30205 Non-metal Chemistry
subject: Nuclear Chemistry
subject: 30504 Organic Green Chemistry
subject: 30303 Optical Properties of Materials

description: Benzofuran derivatives are the scaffold of many natural products, many of which are biologically active and/or found to have high potential as pharmacological agents. Therefore, benzofuran derivatives are expected to be invaluable moieties as far as biology and pharmacology are concerned. In this review, we try to highlight the recent advances in the synthetic approaches to a wide variety of its derivatives in particular those showing biological activity.
A Soft Law Mechanism for Sovereign Debt Restructuring Based on the UN Principles
Creators: name: Guzman, Martin
name: Stiglitz, Joseph E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Economics
Debts, Public
Debt relief
Soft law

description: The ultimate goal of sovereign debt restructuring is to restore the sustainability of public debt with high probability. But this is not happening. Since 1970, more than half of the restructuring episodes with private creditors were followed by another restructuring or default within five years — evidence inconsistent with any sensible definition of »restoration of sustainability of public debt with a high probability.« This evidence suggests that relief for distressed debtors is often insufficient for achieving the main goal of a restructuring, delaying the recovery from recessions or depressions, with large negative social consequences. The United Nations General Assembly approved in September 2015 nine principles that should guide sovereign debt restructuring processes. The UN has laid out steps in the right direction. Although in the short term the creation of a multinational statutory framework for debt crises resolution does not seem to be feasible, the UN principles provide a valuable basis for the next stages of the process. This article analyzes the usefulness of those principles. Section 2 discusses how the principles could help in improving the resolution of sovereign debt crises. Section 3 explores a possible way forward along the lines of an incremental approach.
Nonuniversal power law scaling in the probability distribution of scientific citations
Creators: name: Peterson, G. J.
name: Pressé, S.
name: Dill, K. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We develop a model for the distribution of scientific citations. The model involves a dual mechanism: in the direct mechanism, the author of a new paper finds an old paper A and cites it. In the indirect mechanism, the author of a new paper finds an old paper A only via the reference list of a newer intermediary paper B, which has previously cited A. By comparison to citation databases, we find that papers having few citations are cited mainly by the direct mechanism. Papers already having many citations ('classics') are cited mainly by the indirect mechanism. The indirect mechanism gives a power-law tail. The 'tipping point' at which a paper becomes a classic is about 21 citations for papers published in the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) Web of Science database in 1981, 29 for Physical Review D papers published from 1975-1994, and 39 for all publications from a list of high h-index chemists assembled in 2007. The power-law exponent is not universal. Individuals who are highly cited have a systematically smaller exponent than individuals who are less cited.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables
On the reproducing kernel of a Pontryagin space of vector valued polynomials
Creators: name: Ćurgus, Branko
name: Dijksma, Aad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46C20, 46E22, 47A06

description: We give necessary and sufficient conditions under which the reproducing kernel of a Pontryagin space of $d \times 1$ vector polynomials is determined by a generalized Nevanlinna pair of $d \times d$ matrix polynomials.
description: 33 pages
Creating a Framework for Sovereign Debt Restructuring that Works
Creators: name: Guzman, Martin
name: Stiglitz, Joseph E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Economics
Debts, Public
Debt relief
Soft law

description: Recent controversies surrounding sovereign debt restructurings show the weaknesses of the current market-based system in achieving efficient and fair solutions to sovereign debt crises. This article reviews the existing problems and proposes solutions. It argues that improvements in the language of contracts, although beneficial, cannot provide a comprehensive, efficient, and equitable solution to the problems faced in restructurings–but there are improvements within the contractual approach that should be implemented. Ultimately, the contractual approach must be complemented by a multinational legal framework that facilitates restructurings based on principles of efficiency and equity. Given the current geopolitical constraints, in the short-run we advocate the implementation of a “soft law” approach, built on the recognition of the limitations of the private contractual approach and on a set of principles – most importantly, the restoration of sovereign immunity – over which there may be consensus. We suggest that in a context of political economy tensions it should be impossible for a government to sign away the sovereign immunity either for itself or successor governments. The framework could be implemented through the United Nations, or it could prompt the creation of a new institution.
Casimir-Lifshitz force out of thermal equilibrium and heat transfer between arbitrary bodies
Creators: name: Messina, Riccardo
name: Antezza, Mauro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Casimir-Lifshitz force and the radiative heat transfer occurring between two arbitrary bodies, each one held at a given temperature, surrounded by environmental radiation at a third temperature. The system, in stationary configuration out of thermal equilibrium, is characterized by a force and a heat transfer depending on the three temperatures, and explicitly expressed in terms of the scattering operators of each body. We find a closed-form analytic expression valid for bodies of any geometry and dielectric properties. As an example, the force between two parallel slabs of finite thickness is calculated, showing the importance of the environmental temperature as well as the occurrence of a repulsive interaction. An analytic expression is also provided for the force acting on an atom in front of a slab. Our predictions can be relevant for experimental and technological purposes.
description: New longer version of the paper. 6 pages, 3 figures
Ricerche sulla presenza di Ophrys minipassionis in Toscana e descrizione di due suoi ibridi nuovi
Creators: name: Romieg Soca
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Ophrys
Ophrys minipassionis

description: Romolini R. & Soca R., 2015. Ricerche sulla presenza di Ophrys minipassionis in Toscana e descrizione di due suoi ibridi nuovi. GIROS Orchidee Spontanee d'Europa 58(2): 378-384.
Reconstructing Macroeconomic Theory to Manage Economic Policy
Creators: name: Stiglitz, Joseph E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Economics
Macroeconomics
Economic policy
Monetary policy
Interest rates

description: It is a great pleasure for me to participate in this event celebrating Jean-Paul Fitoussi's contribution to economics and to public life. There are so many aspects of his work and of his collaborations over a long period of years on which I feel I should comment: His role, for instance, in the International Commission on the Measurement of Economic Performance and Social Progress, has provided a critical impetus to what is now a major global movement. The commission’s work was not just about measurement; it was about shaping our society, for what we measure affects what we do. I should talk too about his contributions over a quarter century to the International Economic Association, where he served as Secretary General, and which he continues to advise. I could talk as well about his efforts to reshape the G20 agenda when France chaired that group, or the work we did together in the Commission of Experts of the President of the United Nations General Assembly on Reforms of the International Monetary and Financial System, in the aftermath of the global financial crisis.
Thermal Radiation from GRB Jets
Creators: name: Mizuta, Akira
name: Nagataki, Shigehiro
name: Aoi, Junichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, the light curves and spectrum of the photospheric thermal radiation from ultrarelativistic gamma-ray burst (GRB) jets are calculated using 2D relativistic hydrodynamic simulations of jets from a collapsar. As the jet advances, the density around the head of the jet decreases, and its Lorentz factor reaches as high as 200 at the photosphere and 400 inside the photosphere. For an on-axis observer, the photosphere appears concave shaped due to the low density and high beaming factor of the jet. The luminosity varies because of the abrupt change in the position of the photosphere due to the internal structure of the jet. Comparing our results with GRB090902B, the flux level of the thermal-like component is similar to our model, although the peak energy looks a little bit higher (but still within a factor of 2). From the comparison, we estimate that the bulk Lorentz factor of GRB090902B is $Γ\sim 2.4 \times 10^2 (r/10^{12} \rm cm$) where $r$ is the radius of the photosphere. The spectrum for an on-axis observer is harder than that for an off-axis observer. There is a time lag of a few seconds for high energy bands in the light curve. This may be the reason for the delayed onset of GeV emission seen in GRB080916C. The spectrum below the peak energy is a power law and the index is $2.3 \sim 2.6$ which is softer than that of single temperature plank distribution but still harder than that of typical value of observed one.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures, revised to ApJ
A simple negative interaction in the positive transcriptional feedback of a single gene is sufficient to produce reliable oscillations
Creators: name: Miró-Bueno, Jesús M.
name: Rodríguez-Patón, Alfonso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Negative and positive transcriptional feedback loops are present in natural and synthetic genetic oscillators. A single gene with negative transcriptional feedback needs a time delay and sufficiently strong nonlinearity in the transmission of the feedback signal in order to produce biochemical rhythms. A single gene with only positive transcriptional feedback does not produce oscillations. Here, we demonstrate that this single-gene network in conjunction with a simple negative interaction can also easily produce rhythms. We examine a model comprised of two well-differentiated parts. The first is a positive feedback created by a protein that binds to the promoter of its own gene and activates the transcription. The second is a negative interaction in which a repressor molecule prevents this protein from binding to its promoter. A stochastic study shows that the system is robust to noise. A deterministic study identifies that the dynamics of the oscillator are mainly driven by two types of biomolecules: the protein, and the complex formed by the repressor and this protein. The main conclusion of this paper is that a simple and usual negative interaction, such as degradation, sequestration or inhibition, acting on the positive transcriptional feedback of a single gene is a sufficient condition to produce reliable oscillations. One gene is enough and the positive transcriptional feedback signal does not need to activate a second repressor gene. This means that at the genetic level an explicit negative feedback loop is not necessary. The model needs neither cooperative binding reactions nor the formation of protein multimers. Therefore, our findings could help to clarify the design principles of cellular clocks and constitute a new efficient tool for engineering synthetic genetic oscillators.
description: 25 pages, 12 figures, 3 tables
Generalized Geologic Map for Land-Use Planning: Perry County, Kentucky
Creators: name: Davidson, Bart
name: Webb, Steven E.
name: Carey, Daniel I.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Geological Survey, University of Kentucky
Year: 2007

description: Abstract:
This map is not intended to be used for selecting individual sites. Its purpose is to inform land-use planners, government officials, and the public in a general way about geologic bedrock conditions that affect the selection of sites for various purposes. The properties of thick soils may supercede those of the underlying bedrock and should be considered on a site-to-site basis. At any site, it is important to understand the characteristics of both the soils and the underlying rock.
Learning, Industrial, and Technology Policies: An Overview
Creators: name: Noman, Akbar
name: Stiglitz, Joseph E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Economics
Industrial policy
Economic development
Learning
Sustainable development

description: Many of the most fundamental and frequent controversies in economics revolve around two related sets of issues: the salience and significance of market failures and the role of the state in overcoming them. They arise in a particularly acute form in the literature on industrial policies. Broadly understood, industrial policy refers to public policy measures aimed at influencing the allocation and accumulation of resources, and the choice of technologies. A particularly important set of industrial policies, at the center of many of the chapters in this volume, comprises those targeted at activities that promote learning and technological upgrading. They are sometimes more accurately labeled as learning, industrial and technology (LIT) policies. We use the term to cover both deliberate and self-described industrial policies as well as policies that have a similar effect though they are not labeled as “industrial policies” (this is particularly well illustrated by Antonio Andreoni's contribution, chapter 9).
What do we really know about Dark Energy?
Creators: name: Durrer, Ruth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper I discuss what we truly know about dark energy. I shall argue that up to date our single indication for the existence of dark energy comes from distance measurements and their relation to redshift. Supernovae, CMB anisotropies and observations of baryon acoustic oscillations, they all simply tell us that the observed distance to a given redshift is larger than the one expected from a Friedmann Lemaitre universe with matter only and the locally measured Hubble parameter.
description: invited talk at the meeting "Cosmological Tests of General Relativity" at the Kavli Royal Society Center for the Advancement of Science organized by Rachel Bean, Pedro Ferreira and Andy Taylor. 14p 2 figs. revised version: updated to match version in print in Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A
Optical afterglows of Gamma-Ray Bursts: peaks, plateaus, and possibilities
Creators: name: Panaitescu, A.
name: Vestrand, W. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The optical light-curves of GRB afterglows display either peaks or plateaus. We identify 16 afterglows of the former type, 17 of the latter, and 4 with broad peaks, that could be of either type. The optical energy release of these two classes is similar and is correlated with the GRB output, the correlation being stronger for peaky afterglows, which suggests that the burst and afterglow emissions of peaky afterglows are from the same relativistic ejecta and that the optical emission of afterglows with plateaus arises more often from ejecta that did not produce the burst emission. Consequently, we propose that peaky optical afterglows are from impulsive ejecta releases and that plateau optical afterglows originate from long-lived engines, the break in the optical light-curve (peak or plateau end) marking the onset of the entire outflow deceleration. In the peak luminosity--peak time plane, the distribution of peaky afterglows displays an edge with L_p \propto t_p^{-3}, which we attribute to variations (among afterglows) in the ambient medium density. The fluxes and epochs of optical plateau breaks follow a L_b \propto t_b^{-1} anticorrelation. Sixty percent of 25 afterglows that were well-monitored in the optical and X-rays show light-curves with comparable power-law decays indices and achromatic breaks. The other 40 percent display three types of decoupled behaviours: i) chromatic optical light-curve breaks (perhaps due to the peak of the synchrotron spectrum crossing the optical), ii) X-ray flux decays faster than in the optical (suggesting that the X-ray emission is from local inverse-Compton scattering), and iii) chromatic X-ray light-curve breaks (indicating that the X-ray emission is from external up-scattering).
description: 11 pages, table with afterglows added, to appear in MNRAS
Lost landscapes of the market gardeners : a qualitative historical GIS examination of the demise of the Chinese and Japanese market gardening industries in the north and central Okanagan Valley, British Columbia, 1910s-1950s
Creators: name: Kyle, Catherine Jane
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Chinese and Japanese market gardeners in the north and central Okanagan Valley, British Columbia, Canada operated farms of various sizes growing vegetables for both the local and distant markets for over a century and a half. The relationship between these market gardeners and the dominant (white) society varied over time; political circumstances beyond the valley and even beyond Canada’s borders contributed to the tumultuous nature of the local market gardening industry. Yet despite these challenges the industry was widely supported and endured for many decades. Eventually most of the market gardens closed and the industry ceased to have a visible presence on the landscape. Despite the important role that these market gardeners played in helping to establish the Okanagan as an agricultural centre, their contributions are often overlooked and the agricultural history of this valley remains ostensibly white. Focused on the period from the 1910s through the 1950s, this research demonstrates that a complex array of governance, technological innovation, infrastructure development, and a changing population demographic, combined with a lack of a stable land base, precipitated the demise of the Chinese and Japanese market gardening industry. There were five approaches to data collection: archival research, cultural expert interviews, careful examinations of written reminiscences and local histories, site visits, and embodied research. Historical GIS provided the structure for organizing and analysing information acquired through the data collection process; landscape phenomenology provided the theoretical structure for interpreting the results of the GIS and qualitative data analysis. A changing population demographic resulted in labour issues and increasing density led to greater pressure on available land. Race-based government legislation played an important role in the ability of Chinese to survive in the market gardening industry; for both Chinese and Japanese increased government control on the industry coincided with the overall decline. Improved and expanded transportation systems made distribution of Okanagan produce easier, but also resulted in easier importing of cheaper vegetables from elsewhere, which also coincided with increased use of refrigerators and grocery stores. Small farm operations were often unable to invest in technological improvements that would allow them to remain competitive.
America’s Great Malaise and What To Do About It
Creators: name: Stiglitz, Joseph E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Economics
Corporate governance
Economic development
Income distribution
Supply-side economics

description: While we celebrate the beginning of the end of the era of zero interest rates, the US economy can hardly be called healthy. GDP is some 15% below what it would have been had the growth rates that prevailed between 1980 and 1998 continued. The percentage of the working-age population employed has increased only slightly since the “recovery” began, and is still lower than it was in the early 1980s, when women were entering the workforce en masse. Median real (household) income is less than 1% higher than it was in 1989. Real wages at the bottom are lower than 60 years ago. More than a fifth of African−American youth are unemployed. All of this, 8 years after the beginning of the last recession. The underlying problem is a lack of aggregate demand. Think about where the economy was in 2007: while aggregate demand and supply were roughly in balance, demand was supported by an unsustainable housing bubble. The bottom 80% was spending 110% of their income. It was inevitable that the (personal) savings rate would increase from its record 2005 low of 1.9%; even now, at 5.4%, it is below what one would think of as a normal, sustainable level. Meanwhile, America has been experiencing its own mild form of austerity, with public sector employment some 500,000 below 2008, while with normal expansion, in line with the growth of the population, it would have been more than 2 million higher. A weak global economy — growth in 2015 was the weakest of any year this century, save the recessions of 2001−2002 and 2008−2009 — and a strong and strengthening dollar do not bode well for exports. With C, X, and G weak, it's perhaps not a surprise that investment is too. Globally, the flood of money from monetary easing, including QE, has not led to the hoped-for increase in investment.
Realization of SU(N) Kondo effect in strong magnetic field
Creators: name: Carmi, Assaf
name: Oreg, Yuval
name: Berkooz, Micha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we suggest a realization for the SU(N) Kondo effect, using quantum dots at strong magnetic field. We purpose using edge states of the quantum Hall effect as pseudo spin that interact with multiple quantum dots structures. In the suggested realization one can access each pseudo spin separately and hence may perform a set of experiments that were impossible until now. We focus on the realization of SU(2) and SU(3) Kondo and find a conductivity of 3/4 quantum conductance in the SU(3) case.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures. Including supplementary material
The Non-Autonomous Chiral Model and the Ernst Equation of General Relativity in the Bidifferential Calculus Framework
Creators: name: Dimakis, Aristophanes
name: Kanning, Nils
name: Müller-Hoissen, Folkert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35Q76, 35Q51

description: The non-autonomous chiral model equation for an $m \times m$ matrix function on a two-dimensional space appears in particular in general relativity, where for $m=2$ a certain reduction of it determines stationary, axially symmetric solutions of Einstein's vacuum equations, and for $m=3$ solutions of the Einstein-Maxwell equations. Using a very simple and general result of the bidifferential calculus approach to integrable partial differential and difference equations, we generate a large class of exact solutions of this chiral model. The solutions are parametrized by a set of matrices, the size of which can be arbitrarily large. The matrices are subject to a Sylvester equation that has to be solved and generically admits a unique solution. By imposing the aforementioned reductions on the matrix data, we recover the Ernst potentials of multi-Kerr-NUT and multi-Demianski-Newman metrics.
Bridging constructions in typological perspective
Creators: name: Guérin, Valérie
name: Aiton, Grant
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: In this chapter, we undertake a cross-linguistic examination of bridging construc-

tions, which we define as the sequence of two clauses: the first clause (called the ref-

erence clause) ends a discourse unit, the second clause (called the bridging clause)

typically repeats the first clause at the beginning of a new discourse unit. Based

on published language data and data from the volume, we identify three differ-

ent types of constructions subsumed under the label bridging construction (§2 and

§3): recapitulative linkage, summary linkage, and mixed linkage. They differ in the

form that the bridging clause takes on: broadly speaking, verbatim lexical recapit-

ulation of the reference clause; a light verb summarizing the reference clause; or a

mix of these two strategies. Because bridging constructions lie at the interface of

discourse and syntax, we dedicate §4 to explaining their discourse functions. Amid

the cross-linguistic variation, we found two recurrent discourse functions: empha-

sizing sequentiality and cohesively structuring discourse. Finally, we establish a

list of questions to guide the documentation of these linguistic patterns.
Buckling induced Zener polaron instability in half-doped manganites
Creators: name: Barone, Paolo
name: Picozzi, Silvia
name: Brink, Jeroen van den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By calculating the electronic, orbital, magnetic and lattice structure of half-doped manganites we establish the central role of oxygen buckling caused by the tilting of the MnO$_6$ octahedra -- in essence a steric effect. The buckling itself does not change the Mn-Mn bonds. Instead it drives the system towards an instability where these bonds can dimerize. In presence of electron-electron interactions, this instability can fully develop and beyond a critical buckling a Zener polaron groundstate with dimerized spins, lattice and orbitals forms spontaneously, resulting in a multiferroic state.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Observable T_7 Lepton Flavor Symmetry at the Large Hadron Collider
Creators: name: Cao, Qing-Hong
name: Khalil, Shaaban
name: Ma, Ernest
name: Okada, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: More often than not, models of flavor symmetry rely on the use of nonrenormalizable operators (in the guise of flavons) to accomplish the phenomenologically successful tribimaximal mixing of neutrinos. We show instead how a simple renormalizable two-parameter neutrino mass model of tribimaximal mixing can be constructed with the non-Abelian discrete symmetry T_7 and the gauging of B-L. This is also achieved without the addition of auxiliary symmetries and particles present in almost all other proposals. Most importantly, it is verifiable at the Large Hadron Collider.
description: 4 pages, 1 table, 1 figure; version accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters
Cocoseius elsalvador
Creators: name: Argolo, Poliane Sá
name: Vital Santos, Renata M.
name: Leão Bittencourt, Maria A.
name: Da Silva Noronha, Aloyséia C.
name: De Moraes, Gilberto J.
name: Oliveira, Anibal Ramadan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Mesostigmata
Phytoseiidae
Cocoseius
Cocoseius elsalvador

description: Cocoseius elsalvador Denmark & Andrews, 1981
 Cocoseius elsalvador Denmark & Andrews, 1981: 155.
 Cocoseius elsalvador.––Moraes et al., 2004: 263; Chant & McMurtry, 2007: 132. Records in Bahia: Lawson-Balagbo et al., 2008: 88; Souza et al., 2015: 104; present study.
description: Published as part of Argolo, Poliane Sá, Vital Santos, Renata M., Leão Bittencourt, Maria A., Da Silva Noronha, Aloyséia C., De Moraes, Gilberto J. & Oliveira, Anibal Ramadan, 2017, Phytoseiid mites (Acari: Phytoseiidae) associated with tropical ornamental plants, with a checklist and a key to the species of Bahia, Brazil, pp. 345-364 in Zootaxa 4258 (4) on pages 355-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4258.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/570106
The Unfinished Task of Bretton Woods: Creating a Global Reserve System
Creators: name: Stiglitz, Joseph E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Economics
Foreign exchange reserves
Money
International economic relations

description: Joseph E. Stiglitz argues that a new international monetary system is needed to avert the deflationary bias of the current system as the world has entered an era of deficient global aggregate demand. Outlines that the system rests on the US dollar, burdening the US unduly with the role of deficit country of last resort, reducing aggregate demand in the US, and eventually causing a loss of confidence in the sustainability of its deficit (Triffin dilemma). Stresses the role of increased and volatile capital flows and associated exchange rate fluctuations that have asymmetric inter-country effects resulting in a net decline of international consumption. Laments absence of an effective mechanism amid market failure to distribute aggregate demand globally, smoothly and reduce mounting inequalities between countries. Indicates that the euro area has forced external deficits on the rest of the world. States that the Bretton Woods conference has been unsuccessful in creating a global reserve currency amid a lack of understanding of the principles that govern international economics, inability to predict the evolution of the global economy, and a failure of politics. Emphasizes that the changes in the global economy have made the case for a global reserve currency more imperative but that politics may, as with Bretton Woods, be the greatest impediment to change. Proposes adoption of a global reserve system that could be based on the SDR.
Stockholm Statement: Towards a Consensus on the Principles of Policymaking for the Contemporary World
Creators: name: Alkire, Sabina
name: Bardhan, Pranab
name: Basu, Kaushik
name: Bhorat, Haroon
name: Bourguignon, François
name: Deshpande, Ashwini
name: ,
name: Lin, Justin Yifu
name: Moene, Kalle
name: Platteau, Jean-Philippe
name: Saavedra, Jaime
name: Stiglitz, Joseph E.
name: Tarp, Finn
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Economics
Economic policy
Economic development
International cooperation

description: Thirteen economists, which included four former Chief Economists of the World Bank, met over two days in Stockholm, Sweden, on 16-17 September, 2016, to discuss the challenges faced by today’s economic policymakers. The meeting was hosted by the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida) and the World Bank. The group consisted of Professor Sabina Alkire (Oxford), Professor Pranab Bardhan (Berkeley), Professor and former Chief Economist of the World Bank Kaushik Basu (New York), Professor Haroon Bhorat (Cape Town), Professor and former Chief Economist of the World Bank François Bourguignon (Paris), Professor Ashwini Deshpande (Delhi), Professor Ravi Kanbur (Ithaca), Professor and former Chief Economist of the World Bank Justin Yifu Lin (Beijing), Professor Kalle Moene (Oslo), Professor Jean-Philippe Platteau (Namur), Professor Jaime Saavedra (Lima), Nobel Laureate Professor and former Chief Economist of the World Bank Joseph Stiglitz (New York), and Professor Finn Tarp (Helsinki and Copenhagen). At the end of the meeting the group decided to issue a statement of the consensus reached among them: the “Stockholm Statement.” What follows is this statement.
D2.10 Case study of communication and public acceptance in the cement industry
Creators: name: Aursland, Karoline
name: Jordal, Kriatin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Public acceptance, social perceptions, communication, CO2 capture, CCS, cement, local community

description: Perception is a prerequisite for public acceptance to be possible. The research question for this study is therewith "How has Norcem communicated its CO2 capture project and how do the local residents perceive the project?" The study shows that Norcem's communication to the local community of Brevik about the CO2 capture project has happened through different channels, but that it has been limited due uncertainty on whether the full-scale project would be realized in Brevik.

The interviewees' knowledge and perceptions of the project varies. However, several interviewees state on their own initiative that the project can stimulate increased local employment and that reducing CO2 emissions is positive for the environment. Also, some interviewees are concerned with how the project will affect their living conditions.

The study further argues that Norcem finds itself in a good situation to successfully communicate the project. First, because it historically has established itself as an important and well-liked cornerstone company which is part of the Brevik identity. Second, because Norcem through the general communication approach has been considerate and build trust with the Brevik community. In this regard, the study argues that people, ahead of the CO2 capture project, hold perceptions of Norcem. Accordingly, Norcem's communication of the project is interpreted based on these existing perceptions. For this reason, the cement plant finds itself in a suitable situation for further communicating about its prestige-project.
Numerical solution of $Q^2$ evolution equations for fragmentation functions
Creators: name: Hirai, M.
name: Kumano, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Semi-inclusive hadron-production processes are becoming important in high-energy hadron reactions. They are used for investigating properties of quark-hadron matters in heavy-ion collisions, for finding the origin of nucleon spin in polarized lepton-nucleon and nucleon-nucleon reactions, and possibly for finding exotic hadrons. In describing the hadron-production cross sections in high-energy reactions, fragmentation functions are essential quantities. A fragmentation function indicates the probability of producing a hadron from a parton in the leading order of the running coupling constant $α_s$. Its $Q^2$ dependence is described by the standard DGLAP (Dokshitzer-Gribov-Lipatov-Altarelli-Parisi) evolution equations, which are often used in theoretical and experimental analyses of the fragmentation functions and in calculating semi-inclusive cross sections. The DGLAP equations are complicated integro-differential equations, which cannot be solved in an analytical method. In this work, a simple method is employed for solving the evolution equations by using Gauss-Legendre quadrature for evaluating integrals, and a useful code is provided for calculating the $Q^2$ evolution of the fragmentation functions in the leading order (LO) and next-to-leading order (NLO) of $α_s$. The renormalization scheme is $\overline{MS}$ in the NLO evolution. Our evolution code is explained for using it in one's studies on the fragmentation functions.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures, To be published in Computer Physics Communications
Gel'fand-Calderón's inverse problem for anisotropic conductivities on bordered surfaces in $\mathbb{R}^3$
Creators: name: Henkin, Gennadi
name: Santacesaria, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 35R30, Secondary 32G05

description: Let $X$ be a smooth bordered surface in $\real^3$ with smooth boundary and $\hat σ$ a smooth anisotropic conductivity on $X$. If the genus of $X$ is given, then starting from the Dirichlet-to-Neumann operator $Λ_{\hat σ}$ on $\partial X$, we give an explicit procedure to find a unique Riemann surface $Y$ (up to a biholomorphism), an isotropic conductivity $σ$ on $Y$ and the boundary values of a quasiconformal diffeomorphism $F: X \to Y$ which transforms $\hat σ$ into $σ$. As a corollary we obtain the following uniqueness result: if $σ_1, σ_2$ are two smooth anisotropic conductivities on $X$ with $Λ_{σ_1}= Λ_{σ_2}$, then there exists a smooth diffeomorphism $Φ: \bar X \to \bar X$ which transforms $σ_1$ into $σ_2$.
description: 21 pages, no figures; added corrections in Theorem 5.1
Towards finite density QCD with Taylor expansions
Creators: name: Karsch, Frithjof
name: Schaefer, Bernd-Jochen
name: Wagner, Mathias
name: Wambach, Jochen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Convergence properties of Taylor expansions of observables, which are also used in lattice QCD calculations at non-zero chemical potential, are analyzed in an effective N_f = 2+1 flavor Polyakov-quark-meson model. A recently developed algorithmic technique allows the calculation of higher-order Taylor expansion coefficients in functional approaches. This novel technique is for the first time applied to an effective N_f = 2+1 flavor Polyakov-quark-meson model and the findings are compared with the full model solution at finite densities. The results are used to discuss prospects for locating the QCD phase boundary and a possible critical endpoint in the phase diagram.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures; minor clarifying changes, version to be published in Phys. Lett. B
An Agenda for Sustainable and Inclusive Growth for Emerging Markets
Creators: name: Stiglitz, Joseph E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Economics
Financial crises
Income distribution
Economic development

description: The economic performance of 2015 was the worst since the global financial crisis and, apart from the crisis itself, it was one of weakest years in recent decades. The hope is that 2016 will be better, but I believe that there is little reason to expect significant improvement. One sees weaknesses everywhere. Most significantly, there is the (long anticipated) slowdown in China, especially in its manufacturing sector, with knock-on effects especially in those countries dependent on exporting natural resources. China has been the main engine of global economic growth in recent years, especially since the global financial crisis, so it is to be expected that its slowdown would have global repercussions, especially on natural resource- and commodity-dependent emerging markets and developing countries. Most of these failed to take advantage of the commodity price boom to adequately diversify their economies. Unfortunately, as one looks around the world there is nothing likely to fill in the gap—implying that global growth will remain tepid. There is, in particular, continuing weakness in Europe. In no part of the world have misguided ideas had such adverse effects: continuing austerity is having its toll, as the gap between where the Eurozone would have been had trend growth before 2008 continued and where it is today continues to widen. (see figure below). Worse still, the Eurozone crisis is not over: it has only temporarily been put on the back burner by the Troika program of the summer of 2015 for Greece, which inevitably will ensure that Greece's depression continues. In a relative sense, the US appears as a bright spot, but even there, growth has been anemic, productivity and employment to population numbers abysmal. While it does not suffer from the kind of austerity that Europe has imposed on itself, even there is mild austerity: with some half million fewer public sector employees than before the crisis, while normal expansion would have implied an increase of some 1.6 million public sector employees in line with the growth in the labor force. Moreover, the pervasive and persistent political gridlock implies that the country will find it difficult addressing its key economic problems, some of which I will discuss below. In this paper, I seek to explain the weak global economy, and on the basis of this diagnosis to provide an agenda that would restore growth.