cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 7 of Development of consensus-driven SPIRIT and CONSORT extensions for early phase dose-finding trials: the DEFINE study
Creators: name: Solovyeva, Olga
name: Dimairo, Munyaradzi
name: Weir, Christopher J.
name: Hee, Siew Wan
name: Espinasse, Aude
name: Ursino, Moreno
name: Patel, Dhrusti
name: Kightley, Andrew
name: Hughes, Sarah
name: Jaki, Thomas
name: Mander, Adrian
name: Evans, Thomas R. Jeffry
name: Lee, Shing
name: Hopewell, Sally
name: Rantell, Khadija Rerhou
name: Chan, An-Wen
name: Bedding, Alun
name: Stephens, Richard
name: Richards, Dawn
name: Roberts, Lesley
name: Kirkpatrick, John
name: de Bono, Johann
name: Yap, Christina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 80699
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
classificationCode: 110309
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 7. Toolkit for Lay Summary of EPDF Trial Results.
Bow-shock Pulsar Wind Nebulae Passing Through Density Discontinuities
Creators: name: Yoon, Doosoo
name: Heinz, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bow-shock pulsar wind nebulae are a subset of pulsar wind nebulae that form when the pulsar has high velocity due to the natal kick during the supernova explosion. The interaction between the relativistic wind from the fast-moving pulsar and the interstellar medium produces a bow-shock and a trail, which are detectable in H$_α$ emission. Among such bow-shock pulsar wind nebulae, the Guitar Nebula stands out for its peculiar morphology, which consists of a prominent bow-shock head and a series of bubbles further behind. We present a scenario in which multiple bubbles can be produced when the pulsar encounters a series of density discontinuities in the ISM. We tested the scenario using 2-D and 3-D hydrodynamic simulations. The shape of the guitar nebula can be reproduced if the pulsar traversed a region of declining low density. We also show that if a pulsar encounters an inclined density discontinuity, it produces an asymmetric bow-shock head, consistent with observations of the bow-shock of the millisecond pulsar J2124-3358.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
SHOCKFIND - An algorithm to identify magnetohydrodynamic shock waves in turbulent clouds
Creators: name: Lehmann, Andrew
name: Federrath, Christoph
name: Wardle, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formation of stars occurs in the dense molecular cloud phase of the interstellar medium. Observations and numerical simulations of molecular clouds have shown that supersonic magnetised turbulence plays a key role for the formation of stars. Simulations have also shown that a large fraction of the turbulent energy dissipates in shock waves. The three families of MHD shocks --- fast, intermediate and slow --- distinctly compress and heat up the molecular gas, and so provide an important probe of the physical conditions within a turbulent cloud. Here we introduce the publicly available algorithm, SHOCKFIND, to extract and characterise the mixture of shock families in MHD turbulence. The algorithm is applied to a 3-dimensional simulation of a magnetised turbulent molecular cloud, and we find that both fast and slow MHD shocks are present in the simulation. We give the first prediction of the mixture of turbulence-driven MHD shock families in this molecular cloud, and present their distinct distributions of sonic and Alfvenic Mach numbers. Using subgrid one-dimensional models of MHD shocks we estimate that ~0.03 % of the volume of a typical molecular cloud in the Milky Way will be shock heated above 50 K, at any time during the lifetime of the cloud. We discuss the impact of this shock heating on the dynamical evolution of molecular clouds.
description: 15 pages, 16 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Preduals of JBW$^*$-triples are 1-Plichko spaces
Creators: name: Bohata, Martin
name: Hamhalter, Jan
name: Kalenda, Ondrej F. K.
name: Peralta, Antonio M.
name: Pfitzner, Hermann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that the predual, $M_*$, of a JBW$^*$-triple $M$ is a 1-Plichko space (i.e. it admits a countably 1-norming Markushevich basis or, equivalently, it has a commutative 1-projectional skeleton), and obtain a natural description of the $Σ$-subspace of $M$. This generalizes and improves similar results for von Neumann algebras and JBW$^*$-algebras. Consequently, dual spaces of JB$^*$-triples also are 1-Plichko spaces. We also show that $M_*$ is weakly Lindelöf determined if and only if $M$ is $σ$-finite if and only if $M_*$ is weakly compactly generated. Moreover, contrary to the proof for JBW$^*$-algebras, our proof dispenses with the use of elementary submodels theory.
Literature Database Methodology from A framework for untangling the consequences of artificial light at night on species interactions
Creators: name: Seymoure, Brett
name: Dell, Anthony
name: Hölker, Franz
name: Kalinkat, Gregor
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Animal Behaviour

description: Supplemental methods describing the literature search and construction of literature review in manuscript
On the incidence of \textit{WISE} infrared excess among solar analog, twin and sibling stars
Creators: name: Costa, Antônio D.
name: Martins, Bruno L. Canto
name: Leão, Izan C.
name: Lima, José E.
name: da Silva, Danielly Freire
name: de Freitas, Daniel B.
name: De Medeiros, José R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study presents a search for IR excess in the 3.4, 4.6, 12 and 22 $μ$m bands in a sample of 216 targets, composed of solar sibling, twin and analog stars observed by the \textit{WISE} mission. In general, an infrared excess suggests the existence of warm dust around a star. We detected 12 $μ$m and/or 22 $μ$m excesses at the 3$σ$ level of confidence in five solar analog stars, corresponding to a frequency of 4.1 $\%$ of the entire sample of solar analogs analyzed, and in one out of 29 solar sibling candidates, confirming previous studies. The estimation of the dust properties shows that the sources with infrared excesses possess circumstellar material with temperatures that, within the uncertainties, are similar to that of the material found in the asteroid belt in our solar system. No photospheric flux excess was identified at the W1 (3.4 $μ$m) and W2 (4.6 $μ$m) \textit{WISE} bands, indicating that, in the majority of stars of the present sample, no detectable dust is generated. Interestingly, among the sixty solar twin stars analyzed in this work, no \textit{WISE} photospheric flux excess was detected. However, a null-detection excess does not necessarily indicate the absence of dust around a star because different causes, including dynamic processes and instrument limitations, can mask its presence.
description: 50 pages, 9 figures, Accepted for publication on Astrophysical Journal
Killing Symmetry on Finsler Manifold
Creators: name: Ootsuka, Takayoshi
name: Yahagi, Ryoko
name: Ishida, Muneyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Killing vector fields $K$ are defined on Finsler manifold. The Killing symmetry is reformulated simply as $δK^\flat =0$ by using the Killing non-linear 1-form $K^\flat$ and the spray operator $δ$ with the Finsler non-linear connection. $K^\flat$ is related to the generalization of Killing tensors on Finsler manifold, and the condition $δK^\flat =0$ gives an analytical method of finding higher derivative conserved quantities, which may be called hidden conserved quantities. We show two examples: the Carter constant on Kerr spacetime and the Runge-Lentz vectors in Newtonian gravity.
description: 12 pages
Supplementary information to Heinen et al. from Part-night exposure to artificial light at night has more detrimental effects on aphid colonies than fully lit nights
Creators: name: Heinen, Robin
name: Sanchez-Mahecha, Oriana
name: Martijn Bezemer, T.
name: Dominoni, Davide M.
name: Knappe, Claudia
name: Kollmann, Johannes
name: Kopatsch, Anton
name: Pfeiffer, Zoë A.
name: Schloter, Michael
name: Sturm, Sarah
name: Schnitzler, Jörg-Peter
name: Corina Vlot, A.
name: Weisser, Wolfgang W.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: The supplementary information contains supplementary figures S1, S2, and S3. S1 is an overview of climate chamber assignment to ALAN treatments. S2 shows spectral irradiance measurements of the LED modules at full power, at ALAN treatment, and of chamber daylights. S3 shows post-hoc tests of aphid data at the final harvest date.
The role of the pre-exponential factor in determining the kinetic selection of polymorphs during solution crystallization of organic compounds
Creators: name: Verma, Vivek
name: Hodnett, Benjamin K.
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 40
subject: Engineering

description: Generally, pairs of polymorphs can be characterized by their ratios of equilibrium solubilities ð Þ C* me=C*st and interfacial energies (γst/γme) for a given temperature and solvent. We refer to this point as the solubility-interfacial energy characteristic point (characteristic point for short) of a polymorphic pair. The equations of the classical nucleation theory have been used to determine the influence of supersaturation, the absolute size of the interfacial energies and the ratio of the pre-exponential factors for pairs of polymorphs to predict the experimental conditions in which metastable or stable polymorphs crystallize first. Domain diagrams for polymorph pairs based on the equilibrium solubility ratios ð Þ C* me=C*st and the ratio of interfacial energies (γst/γme) have been developed. Separate zones are identified where the metastable and stable polymorphs are favoured kinetically; generally higher supersaturation kinetically favour the metastable form. This contribution investigates the circumstances where large values for the preexponential factor, particularly for the metastable polymorph, in the classical nucleation theory description of nucleation can expand the zone where the metastable zone is kinetically favoured. The results indicate that the pre-exponential factor has a strong influence in expanding the kinetically metastable zone when the interfacial energies of the metastable and stable polymorphic are low (less than 3.5 mJ m−2 ) but has little or no effect when these values are high (greater than 5.5 mJ m−2 ). This work also identifies the circumstances where a metastable polymorph with a higher interfacial energy than the stable polymorph will crystallize first.
Spectrum of the Laplacian on the Vicsek Set "with no loose ends"
Creators: name: Strichartz, Robert S.
name: Zhu, Sophia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the spectral properties of a fractal VNLE obtained from the standard Vicsek set VS by making a countable number of identifications of points so that all the line segments in VS become circles in VNLE. We show that the standard Laplacian on VNLE satisfies spectral decimation with the same cubic renormalization polynomial as for VS, and thereby give a complete description of all eigenfunctions of the Laplacian. We then study the restrictions of eigenfunctions to the large circles in VNLE and prove that these are Lipschitz functions.
Data preparation for asteroseismology with TESS
Creators: name: Lund, Mikkel N.
name: Handberg, Rasmus
name: Kjeldsen, Hans
name: Chaplin, William J.
name: Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jørgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) is a NASA Astrophysics Explorer mission. Following its scheduled launch in 2017, TESS will focus on detecting exoplanets around the nearest and brightest stars in the sky, for which detailed follow-up observations are possible. TESS will, as the NASA Kepler mission, include a asteroseismic program that will be organized within the TESS Asteroseismic Science Consortium (TASC), building on the success of the Kepler Asteroseismic Science Consortium (KASC). Within TASC data for asteroseismic analysis will be prepared by the TASC Working Group 0 (WG-0), who will facilitate data to the community via the TESS Asteroseismic Science Operations Center (TASOC), again building on the success of the corresponding KASOC platform for Kepler. Here, we give an overview of the steps being taken within WG-0 to prepare for the upcoming TESS mission.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, Contribution to the proceedings of the joint TASC2 & KASC9 Workshop - SPACEINN & HELAS8 Conference "Seismology of the Sun and the Distant Stars 2016: Using Today's Successes to Prepare the Future". To be published by the EPJ Web of Conferences
Optimal multilinear restriction estimates for a class of surfaces with curvature
Creators: name: Bejenaru, Ioan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Bennett, Carbery and Tao considered the $k$-linear restriction estimate in $\mathbb{R}^{n+1}$ and established the near optimal $L^\frac2{k-1}$ estimate under transversality assumptions only. We have shown that the trilinear restriction estimate improves its range of exponents under some curvature assumptions. In this paper we establish almost sharp multilinear estimates for a class of hypersurfaces with curvature for $4 \leq k \leq n$. Together with previous results in the literature, this shows that curvature improves the range of exponents in the multilinear restriction estimate at all levels of lower multilinearity, that is when $k \leq n$.
description: Notation, setup and general reductions are adopted from our works arXiv:1601.01000 and arXiv:1603.02965, where we address similar questions in the bilinear and trilinear setup. The analysis is significantly more involved
Origin of the low critical observing temperature of the quantum anomalous Hall effect in V-doped (Bi, Sb)2Te3 film
Creators: name: Li, W.
name: Claassen, M.
name: Chang, Cui-Zu
name: Moritz, B.
name: Jia, T.
name: Zhang, C.
name: Rebec, S.
name: Lee, J. J.
name: Hashimoto, M.
name: Lu, D. -H.
name: Moore, R. G.
name: Moodera, J. S.
name: Devereaux, T. P.
name: Shen, Z. -X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The experimental realization of the quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) effect in magnetically-doped (Bi, Sb)2Te3 films stands out as a landmark of modern condensed matter physics. However, ultra-low temperatures down to few tens of mK are needed to reach the quantization of Hall resistance, which is two orders of magnitude lower than the ferromagnetic phase transition temperature of the films. Here, we systematically study the band structure of V-doped (Bi, Sb)2Te3 thin films by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) and show unambiguously that the bulk valence band (BVB) maximum lies higher in energy than the surface state Dirac point. Our results demonstrate clear evidence that localization of BVB carriers plays an active role and can account for the temperature discrepancy.
Pulsation versus metallicism in Am stars as revealed by LAMOST and WASP
Creators: name: Smalley, B.
name: Antoci, V.
name: Holdsworth, D. L.
name: Kurtz, D. W.
name: Murphy, S. J.
name: De Cat, P.
name: Anderson, D. R.
name: Catanzaro, G.
name: Cameron, A. Collier
name: Hellier, C.
name: Maxted, P. F. L.
name: Norton, A. J.
name: Pollacco, D.
name: Ripepi, V.
name: West, R. G.
name: Wheatley, P. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a study of a large sample of A and Am stars with spectral types from LAMOST and light curves from WASP. We find that, unlike normal A stars, $δ$ Sct pulsations in Am stars are mostly confined to the effective temperature range 6900 $
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 10 pages, 10 figures, 1 table
Feedback Scheduling for Energy-Efficient Real-Time Homogeneous Multiprocessor Systems
Creators: name: Thammawichai, Mason
name: Kerrigan, Eric C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Operating Systems (cs.OS)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Real-time scheduling algorithms proposed in the literature are often based on worst-case estimates of task parameters. The performance of an open-loop scheme can be degraded significantly if there are uncertainties in task parameters, such as the execution times of the tasks. Therefore, to cope with such a situation, a closed-loop scheme, where feedback is exploited to adjust the system parameters, can be applied. We propose an optimal control framework that takes advantage of feeding back information of finished tasks to solve a real-time multiprocessor scheduling problem with uncertainty in task execution times, with the objective of minimizing the total energy consumption. Specifically, we propose a linear programming based algorithm to solve a workload partitioning problem and adopt McNaughton's wrap around algorithm to find the task execution order. The simulation results illustrate that our feedback scheduling algorithm can save energy by as much as 40% compared to an open-loop method for two processor models, i.e. a PowerPC 405LP and an XScale processor.
Figure S1 from Artificialilight at night decreases plant diversity and performance in experimental grassland communities
Creators: name: Bucher, Solveig Franziska
name: Uhde, Lia
name: Weigelt, Alexandra
name: Cesarz, Simone
name: Eisenhauer, Nico
name: Gebler, Alban
name: Kyba, Christopher
name: Römermann, Christine
name: Shatwell, Tom
name: Hines, Jes
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Biomass (g) of the EcoUnits as dependent on ALAN for each species found in the EcoUnits. Colour represents species. Triangles and solid lines represent the first harvest, dotted lines and circles the second harvest.
A Quantitative Study of the Effect of Cladding Thickness on Modal Confinement Loss in Photonic Waveguides
Creators: name: Jiang, Shidong
name: Lai, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There has been increasing interest in making the photonic devices more and more compact in the integrated photonics industry, and one of the important questions for manufacturers and design engineers is how to quantify the effect of the finite cladding thickness on the modal confinement loss of photonic waveguides. This requires at least six to seven digits accuracy for the computation of propagation constant $β$ since the modal confinement loss is proportional to the imaginary part of $β$ that is six to seven orders of magnitude smaller than its real part by the industrial standard. In this paper, we present an accurate and efficient method to compute the propagation constant of electromagnetic modes of photonic waveguides with arbitrary number of (nonsmooth) inclusions in a layered media. The method combines a well-conditioned boundary integral equation formulation for photonic waveguides which requires the discretization of the material interface only, and efficient Sommerfeld integral representations to treat the effect of the layered medium. Our scheme is capable of calculating the propagation loss of the electromagnetic modes with high fidelity, even for waveguides with corners imbedded in a cladding material of finite thickness. The numerical results, with more than $10$-digit accuracy, show quantitatively that the modal confinement loss of the rectangular waveguide increases exponentially fast as the cladding thickness decreases.
Additional file 10 of Development of consensus-driven SPIRIT and CONSORT extensions for early phase dose-finding trials: the DEFINE study
Creators: name: Solovyeva, Olga
name: Dimairo, Munyaradzi
name: Weir, Christopher J.
name: Hee, Siew Wan
name: Espinasse, Aude
name: Ursino, Moreno
name: Patel, Dhrusti
name: Kightley, Andrew
name: Hughes, Sarah
name: Jaki, Thomas
name: Mander, Adrian
name: Evans, Thomas R. Jeffry
name: Lee, Shing
name: Hopewell, Sally
name: Rantell, Khadija Rerhou
name: Chan, An-Wen
name: Bedding, Alun
name: Stephens, Richard
name: Richards, Dawn
name: Roberts, Lesley
name: Kirkpatrick, John
name: de Bono, Johann
name: Yap, Christina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 80699
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
classificationCode: 110309
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 10. List of candidate items to be discussed at the DEFINE Consensus meeting.
Slipping Magnetic Reconnection of Flux Rope Structures as a Precursor to an Eruptive X-class Solar Flare
Creators: name: Li, Ting
name: Yang, Kai
name: Hou, Yijun
name: Zhang, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the quasi-periodic slipping motion of flux rope structures prior to the onset of an eruptive X-class flare on 2015 March 11, obtained by the \emph{Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph} (\emph{IRIS}) and the \emph{Solar Dynamics Observatory} (\emph{SDO}). The slipping motion occurred at the north part of the flux rope and seemed to successively peel off the flux rope. The speed of the slippage was 30$-$40 km s$^{-1}$, with an average period of 130$\pm$30 s. The Si {\sc iv} 1402.77 Å line showed a redshift of 10$-$30 km s$^{-1}$ and a line width of 50$-$120 km s$^{-1}$ at the west legs of slipping structures, indicative of reconnection downflow. The slipping motion lasted about 40 min and the flux rope started to rise up slowly at the late stage of the slippage. Then an X2.1 flare was initiated and the flux rope was impulsively accelerated. One of the flare ribbons swept across a negative-polarity sunspot and the penumbral segments of the sunspot decayed rapidly after the flare. We studied the magnetic topology at the flaring region and the results showed the existence of a twisted flux rope, together with quasi-separatrix layers (QSLs) structures binding the flux rope. Our observations imply that quasi-periodic slipping magnetic reconnection occurs along the flux-rope-related QSLs in the preflare stage, which drives the later eruption of the flux rope and the associated flare.
description: 24 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Core Informatics team
Creators: name: Tree of Life (Wellcome Sanger Institute)
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This document lists individuals at the Wellcome Sanger Institute who should be considered coauthors of publications arising from the work of Tree of Life programme, including the Darwin Tree of Life project and the Aquatic Symbiosis Genomics project.
Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Core Informatics team
Creators: name: Tree of Life (Wellcome Sanger Institute)
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This document holds a record of the individuals from the Wellcome Sanger Institute Core Informatics team who should be considered coauthors of publications arising from the work of the Darwin Tree of Life project and Aquatic Symbiosis Genomics project.
Electronic structures of free-standing nanowires made from indirect bandgap semiconductor gallium phosphide
Creators: name: Liao, Gaohua
name: Luo, Ning
name: Chen, Ke-Qiu
name: Xu, H. Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical study of the electronic structures of freestanding nanowires made from gallium phosphide (GaP)--a III-V semiconductor with an indirect bulk bandgap. We consider [001]-oriented GaP nanowires with square and rectangular cross sections, and [111]-oriented GaP nanowires with hexagonal cross sections. Based on tight binding models, both the band structures and wave functions of the nanowires are calculated. For the [001]-oriented GaP nanowires, the bands show anti-crossing structures, while the bands of the [111]-oriented nanowires display crossing structures. Two minima are observed in the conduction bands, while the maximum of the valence bands is always at the $Γ$-point. Using double group theory, we analyze the symmetry properties of the lowest conduction band states and highest valence band states of GaP nanowires with different sizes and directions. The band state wave functions of the lowest conduction bands and the highest valence bands of the nanowires are evaluated by spatial probability distributions. For practical use, we fit the confinement energies of the electrons and holes in the nanowires to obtain an empirical formula.
description: 19 pages, 10 figures
Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Core Informatics team
Creators: name: Tree of Life (Wellcome Sanger Institute)
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This document holds a record of the individuals from the Wellcome Sanger Institute Core Informatics team who should be considered coauthors of publications arising from the work of the Darwin Tree of Life project and Aquatic Symbiosis Genomics project.
Additional file 11 of Development of consensus-driven SPIRIT and CONSORT extensions for early phase dose-finding trials: the DEFINE study
Creators: name: Solovyeva, Olga
name: Dimairo, Munyaradzi
name: Weir, Christopher J.
name: Hee, Siew Wan
name: Espinasse, Aude
name: Ursino, Moreno
name: Patel, Dhrusti
name: Kightley, Andrew
name: Hughes, Sarah
name: Jaki, Thomas
name: Mander, Adrian
name: Evans, Thomas R. Jeffry
name: Lee, Shing
name: Hopewell, Sally
name: Rantell, Khadija Rerhou
name: Chan, An-Wen
name: Bedding, Alun
name: Stephens, Richard
name: Richards, Dawn
name: Roberts, Lesley
name: Kirkpatrick, John
name: de Bono, Johann
name: Yap, Christina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 80699
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
classificationCode: 110309
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 11. Qualitative analysis. Table A11-1; Figure A11-1. Table A11-1. Themes and codes identified in the general comments received in Delphi survey. Figure A11-1. Tree diagram of the comments received per theme.
Regulated Pure Pursuit for Robot Path Tracking
Creators: name: Macenski, Steve
name: Singh, Shrijit
name: Martin, Francisco
name: Gines, Jonatan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The accelerated deployment of service robots have spawned a number of algorithm variations to better handle real-world conditions. Many local trajectory planning techniques have been deployed on practical robot systems successfully. While most formulations of Dynamic Window Approach and Model Predictive Control can progress along paths and optimize for additional criteria, the use of pure path tracking algorithms is still commonplace. Decades later, Pure Pursuit and its variants continues to be one of the most commonly utilized classes of local trajectory planners. However, few Pure Pursuit variants have been proposed with schema for variable linear velocities - they either assume a constant velocity or fails to address the point at all. This paper presents a variant of Pure Pursuit designed with additional heuristics to regulate linear velocities, built atop the existing Adaptive variant. The Regulated Pure Pursuit algorithm makes incremental improvements on state of the art by adjusting linear velocities with particular focus on safety in constrained and partially observable spaces commonly negotiated by deployed robots. We present experiments with the Regulated Pure Pursuit algorithm on industrial-grade service robots. We also provide a high-quality reference implementation that is freely included ROS 2 Nav2 framework at https://github.com/ros-planning/navigation2 for fast evaluation.
Appendix Table S1 from Artificialilight at night decreases plant diversity and performance in experimental grassland communities
Creators: name: Bucher, Solveig Franziska
name: Uhde, Lia
name: Weigelt, Alexandra
name: Cesarz, Simone
name: Eisenhauer, Nico
name: Gebler, Alban
name: Kyba, Christopher
name: Römermann, Christine
name: Shatwell, Tom
name: Hines, Jes
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Sown species and species found in the EcoUnits. For every species 1000 seeds m-2 were sown. Give n is the weight for 1000 seeds. Also given is the contribution in biomass in g dry weight. Some species did not contribute to dry weight whereas others grew even though no seeds were added as the soil was not sterilized. Species displayed in bold were chosen for trait measurements. ‘-‘ denominates that species were not found at all during the biomass harvest, weight of 0 indicated that species were found, but contributed less than 100 mg to dry weight.
A 5.4 Gbps real time quantum random number generator with compact implementation
Creators: name: Yang, Jie
name: Liu, Jinlu
name: Su, Qi
name: Li, Zhengyu
name: Fan, Fan
name: Xu, Bingjie
name: Guo, Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a random number generation scheme based on measuring the phase fluctuations of a laser with a simple and compact experimental setup. A simple model is established to analyze the randomness and the simulation result based on this model fits well with the experiment data. After the analog to digital sampling and suitable randomness extraction integrated in the field programmable gate array, the final random bits are delivered to a PC, realizing a 5.4 Gbps real time quantum random number generation. The final random bit sequences have passed all the NIST and DIEHARD tests.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
A Big-Data Approach to Handle Many Process Variations: Tensor Recovery and Applications
Creators: name: Zhang, Zheng
name: Weng, Tsui-Wei
name: Daniel, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Fabrication process variations are a major source of yield degradation in the nano-scale design of integrated circuits (IC), microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and photonic circuits. Stochastic spectral methods are a promising technique to quantify the uncertainties caused by process variations. Despite their superior efficiency over Monte Carlo for many design cases, these algorithms suffer from the curse of dimensionality; i.e., their computational cost grows very fast as the number of random parameters increases. In order to solve this challenging problem, this paper presents a high-dimensional uncertainty quantification algorithm from a big-data perspective. Specifically, we show that the huge number of (e.g., $1.5 \times 10^{27}$) simulation samples in standard stochastic collocation can be reduced to a very small one (e.g., $500$) by exploiting some hidden structures of a high-dimensional data array. This idea is formulated as a tensor recovery problem with sparse and low-rank constraints; and it is solved with an alternating minimization approach. Numerical results show that our approach can simulate efficiently some ICs, as well as MEMS and photonic problems with over 50 independent random parameters, whereas the traditional algorithm can only handle several random parameters.
description: 8 figures
The State of the Art Transformer Language Models on Knowledge Graph Construction from Text: Named Entity Recognition and Relation Extraction
Creators: name: D'Souza, Jennifer
name: Mihindukulasooriya, Nandana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Knowledge Graphs
Transformers
Natural Language Processing

description: This presentation covers the state-of-the-art benchmark dataset resources as well as the best neural models for the respective tasks with a perspective on transformers.
Similarity of Jet Radiation between Flat Spectrum Radio Quasars and GeV Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxies: A Universal $δ$-$L_{\rm c}$ Correlation
Creators: name: Zhu, Yong-Kai
name: Zhang, Jin
name: Zhang, Hai-Ming
name: Liang, En-Wei
name: Yan, Da-Hai
name: Cui, Wei
name: Zhang, Shuang-Nan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By modeling the broadband spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of a typical flat spectrum radio quasar (FSRQ, 3C 279) and two GeV narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies (NLS1s, PMN J0948+0022 and 1H 0323+342) in different flux stages with the one-zone leptonic models, we find a universal correlation between their Doppler factors ($δ$) and peak luminosities ($L_{\rm c}$) of external Compton scattering bumps. Compiling a combined sample of FSRQs and GeV NLS1s, it is found that both FSRQs and GeV NLS1s in different stages and in different sources well follow the same $δ$-$L_{\rm c}$ correlation. This indicates that the variations of observed luminosities may be essentially due to the Doppler boosting effect. And the universal $δ$-$L_{\rm c}$ relation between FSRQs and GeV NLS1s in different stages may be further evidence that the particle acceleration and radiation mechanisms for the two kinds of sources are similar. In addition, by replacing $L_{\rm c}$ with the observed luminosity in the Fermi/LAT band ($L_{\rm LAT}$), this correlation holds, and it may serve as an empirical indicator of $δ$. We estimate the $δ$ values with $L_{\rm LAT}$ for 484 FSRQs in the Fermi/LAT Catalog and they range from 3 to 41, with a median of 16, which are statistically consistent with the values derived by other methods.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in RAA
Increasing Wireless Sensor Networks Lifetime with New Method
Creators: name: Sedighimanesh, Mohammad
name: Baqeri, Javad
name: Sedighimanesh, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.2.1
subject: 90B18

description: One of the most important issues in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is severe energy restrictions. As the performance of Sensor Networks is strongly dependence to the network lifetime, researchers seek a way to use node energy supply effectively and increasing network lifetime. As a consequence, it is crucial to use routing algorithms result in decrease energy consumption and better bandwidth utilization. The purpose of this paper is to increase Wireless Sensor Networks lifetime using LEACH-algorithm. So before clustering Network environment, it is divided into two virtual layers (using distance between sensor nodes and base station) and then regarding to sensors position in each of two layers, residual energy of sensor and distance from base station is used in clustering. In this article, we compare proposed algorithm with well-known LEACH and ELEACH algorithms in homogeneous environment (with equal energy for all sensors) and heterogeneous one (energy of half of sensors get doubled), also for static and dynamic situation of base station. Results show that our proposed algorithm delivers improved performance.
description: 16 pages; 9 Figure; International Journal
The universe story and Ziad hyper universe
Creators: name: , Alelaimat
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Alelaimat
Ziad hyper universe
The universe story
The Space-Time Thermodynamics chemistry
Reality of the universe creation story

description: This patent dealing with the story of the universe creation from the nothing as the dealing with the related research book in the space-time Thermodynamics chemistry nature. And the dealing with Ziad hyper universe.
Data for: Emergent coexistence in multispecies microbial communities
Creators: name: Chang, Chang-Yu
name: Bajic, Djordje
name: Vila, Jean
name: Estrela, Sylvie
name: Sanchez, Alvaro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Understanding the mechanisms that maintain microbial biodiversity is a critical aspiration in ecology. Past work on microbial coexistence has largely focused on species pairs, but it is unclear whether pairwise coexistence in isolation is required for coexistence in a multispecies community. To address this question, we conducted hundreds of pairwise competition experiments among the stably coexisting members of 12 different enrichment communities in vitro. To determine the outcomes of these experiments, we developed an automated image analysis pipeline to quantify species abundances. We found that competitive exclusion was the most common outcome, and it was strongly hierarchical and transitive. Because many species that coexist within a stable multispecies community fail to coexist in pairwise co-culture under identical conditions, we concluded that multispecies coexistence is an emergent phenomenon. This work highlights the importance of community context for understanding the origins of coexistence in complex ecosystems.
description: Funding provided by: Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación
Award Number: PID2021-125478NA-100Funding provided by: Young Investigator Award
Award Number: RGY0077/2016
The Fredrickson-Andersen model with random pinning on Bethe lattices and its MCT transitions
Creators: name: Ikeda, Harukuni
name: Miyazaki, Kunimasa
name: Biroli, Giulio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dynamics of the randomly pinned Fredrickson-Andersen model on the Bethe lattice. We find a line of random pinning dynamical transitions whose dynamical critical properties are in the same universality class of the $A_2$ and $A_3$ transitions of Mode Coupling Theory. The $A_3$ behavior appears at the terminal point, where the relaxation becomes logarithmic and the relaxation time diverges exponentially. We explain the critical behavior in terms of self-induced disorder and avalanches, strengthening the relationship discussed in recent works between glassy dynamics and Random Field Ising Model.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Birkeland current effects on high-latitude groundmagnetic field perturbations
Creators: name: Laundal, K. M.
name: Haaland, S. E.
name: Lehtinen, N.
name: Gjerloev, J. W.
name: Østgaard, N.
name: Tenfjord, P.
name: Reistad, J. P.
name: Snekvik, K.
name: Milan, S. E.
name: Ohtani, S.
name: Anderson, B. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic perturbations on ground at high latitudes are directly associated only with the divergence-free component of the height-integrated horizontal ionospheric current, $\textbf{J}_{\perp,df}$. Here we show how $\textbf{J}_{\perp,df}$ can be expressed as the total horizontal current $\textbf{J}_\perp$ minus its curl-free component, the latter being completely determined by the global Birkeland current pattern. Thus in regions where $\textbf{J}_\perp = 0$, the global Birkeland current distribution alone determines the local magnetic perturbation. We show with observations from ground and space that in the polar cap, the ground magnetic field perturbations tend to align with the Birkeland current contribution in darkness but not in sunlight. We also show that in sunlight, the magnetic perturbations are typically such that the equivalent overhead current is anti-parallel to the convection, indicating that the Hall current system dominates. Thus the ground magnetic field in the polar cap relates to different current systems in sunlight and in darkness.
Findings of the VarDial Evaluation Campaign 2023
Creators: name: Aepli, Noëmi
name: Çöltekin, Çağrı
name: Van Der Goot, Rob
name: Jauhiainen, Tommi
name: Kazzaz, Mourhaf
name: Ljubešić, Nikola
name: North, Kai
name: Plank, Barbara
name: Scherrer, Yves
name: Zampieri, Marcos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This report presents the results of the shared tasks organized as part of the VarDial Evaluation Campaign 2023. The campaign is part of the tenth workshop on Natural Language Processing (NLP) for Similar Languages, Varieties and Dialects (VarDial), co-located with EACL 2023. Three separate shared tasks were included this year: Slot and intent detection for low-resource language varieties (SID4LR), Discriminating Between Similar Languages -- True Labels (DSL-TL), and Discriminating Between Similar Languages -- Speech (DSL-S). All three tasks were organized for the first time this year.
Indicators for assessing urban climate change vulnerability and risk at the neighbourhood scale in Ottawa, Canada
Creators: name: Kuhl, Melanie M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Climate Change, Climate Action, Indicators, Climate Justice, Spatial, Geospatial, Climate Hazard, Exposure, Sensitivity, Vulnerability, Canada, Ottawa, Flood Risk, Heat Disadvantage, Mapping

description: The purpose of this research paper is to identify indicators that may be used for assessing vulnerability to climate change at a local level. Although communities are equally exposed to climate hazards, such as flood, heat, heavy rainfall, and extreme weather events, some groups or communities are affected disproportionately, and indicators used in vulnerability assessments or spatial tools can help identify them. A literature review was conducted to gain knowledge on indicators that assess vulnerability, on their use, merits, shortcomings, and spatial tools. This paper researched climate vulnerability and risks of Ottawa’s communities for a better understanding of how people are exposed to climate change impacts and what resources they have available to cope. The final 47 indicators were selected from altogether 680 indicators from 16 sources, and consisted of three sets of indicators, a core set of 15 standard indicators for easier comparison with other cities, a second set of 22 context-specific indicators, and a third set of 10 optional indicators consisting of more standard indicators. The results demonstrated that there was a high correlation between standard indicators most used; however, Ottawa’s context-specific indicators were mostly not among them and lack of geospatial data at a local scale was identified as possible reason. The selected indicators can assist cities like Ottawa in identifying vulnerable communities to assist mitigation, adaptation, and city planning.
description: A Research Paper submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the graduate certificate in Science and Policy of Climate Change
A nonorthogonal state-interaction approach for matrix product state wave functions
Creators: name: Knecht, Stefan
name: Keller, Sebastian
name: Autschbach, Jochen
name: Reiher, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a state-interaction approach for matrix product state (MPS) wave functions in a nonorthogonal molecular orbital basis. Our approach allows us to calculate for example transition and spin-orbit coupling matrix elements between arbitrary electronic states provided that they share the same one-electron basis functions and active orbital space, respectively. The key element is the transformation of the MPS wave functions of different states from a nonorthogonal to a biorthonormal molecular orbital basis representation exploiting a sequence of non-unitary transformations following a proposal by Malmqvist (Int. J. Quantum Chem. 30, 479 (1986)). This is well-known for traditional wave-function parametrizations but has not yet been exploited for MPS wave functions.
description: 34 pages, 1 figure, submitted to J. Chem. Theory Comput
Patankar-Type Runge-Kutta Schemes for Linear PDEs
Creators: name: Ortleb, Sigrun
name: Hundsdorfer, Willem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65M12, 65M20 (Primary) 65L06, 65M06 (Secondary)

description: We study the local discretization error of Patankar-type Runge-Kutta methods applied to semi-discrete PDEs. For a known two-stage Patankar-type scheme the local error in PDE sense for linear advection or diffusion is shown to be of the maximal order ${\cal O}(Δt^3)$ for sufficiently smooth and positive exact solutions. However, in a test case mimicking a wetting-drying situation as in the context of shallow-water flows, this scheme yields large errors in the drying region. A more realistic approximation is obtained by a modification of the Patankar approach incorporating an explicit testing stage into the implicit trapezoidal rule.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, Submitted to AIP conference proceedings: Proceedings of the 14th International Conference of Numerical Analysis and Applied Mathematics (ICNAAM 2016), 19-25 Sep 2016, Rhodes, Greece