cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Balance of complete cohomology in extriangulated categories
Creators: name: Hu, Jiangsheng
name: Zhang, Dongdong
name: Zhao, Tiwei
name: Zhou, Panyue
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18E30, 18E10, 18G25, 55N20

description: Let $(\mathcal{C},\mathbb{E},\mathfrak{s})$ be an extriangulated category with a proper class $ξ$ of $\mathbb{E}$-triangles. In this paper, we study the balance of complete cohomology in $(\mathcal{C},\mathbb{E},\mathfrak{s})$, which is motivated by a result of Nucinkis that complete cohomology of modules is not balanced in the way the absolute cohomology Ext is balanced. As an application, we give some criteria for identifying a triangulated catgory to be Gorenstein and an artin algebra to be $F$-Gorenstein.
description: 18 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2003.11852, arXiv:1908.00931
title: Farmers' Management Strategies and the Conservation of Farmland Passerines
Creators: name: Stoate, Christopher
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2002

description: Over the last quarter of the 20th century, population size and range of farmland bird species has declined more than those associated with other habitats. There has been a simplification of the farmland landscape in Britian, and in African areas used by migratory birds in winter. In Britain, game shooting has influenced farm management.

 Changes in bird numbers and nesting success were monitored in relation to game management in Leicestershire. Bird abundance increased during the period of game management. Nationally declining species showed the greatest increases in abundance.

 Hedge height had a negative influence on whitethroat abundance, while herbaceous vegetation had a positive influence on whitethroats and yellowhammers. Survival of yellowhammer nests in herbaceous vegetation was higher than that in hedges. Herbaceous vegetation also has benefits for crop management.

 Farmers’ management of field boundary vegetation was studied in Wiltshire. Only farmers with game and conservation interests claimed to adopt field boundary management that would benefit whitethroats, but across all farms, actual habitat management was generally not suited to whitethroats.

 In Senegambia, the management of shrubby vegetation by farmers, and their motivation for that management, were explored using participatory techniques. Whitethroats were associated with shrub species supporting invertebrates. Farmers reported declines in shrubs, soil fertility and crop yields since the 1950s, and increases in the use of fire for clearing fields. Some trees used by whitethroats have potential for restoring soil fertility.

 Improving habitat for whitethroats could have both agronomic and wider conservation benefits and provision of information that accommodates farmers’ cultural and economic incentives could benefit both farmers and wildlife.

 This thesis has identified conservation benefits for farmland birds arising from the management of multifunctional farmland landscapes. A better understanding of farmers’ motivation is likely to result in wider adoption of conservation management.
Second order tangent bundles of infinite dimensional manifolds
Creators: name: Dodson, C. T. J.
name: Galanis, G. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58B25;58A05

description: The second order tangent bundle $T^{2}M$ of a smooth manifold $M$ consists of the equivalent classes of curves on $M$ that agree up to their acceleration. It is known that in the case of a finite $n$-dimensional manifold $M$, $T^{2}M$ becomes a vector bundle over $M$ if and only if $M$ is endowed with a linear connection. Here we extend this result to $M$ modeled on an arbitrarily chosen Banach space and more generally to those Fréchet manifolds which can be obtained as projective limits of Banach manifolds. The result may have application in the study of infinite-dimensional dynamical systems.
description: 8 pages
The U.S. Avocado Industry
Creators: name: Bertelsen, Diane
name: Harwood, Joy
name: Zepp, Glenn
name: Bertelsen, Diane
name: Harwood, Joy
name: Zepp, Glenn
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Avocado
subject: production
subject: prices
subject: shipments
subject: trade
subject: consumption

description: Avocados are a subtropical fruit and their commercial production in the United States is limited to California, Hawaii, and Florida. California, with about 90 percent of U.S. acreage, markets avocados year round, but the largest volume is shipped between March and August. Florida's marketing season is from June through March. Hawaii has limited out-of-State shipments. Avocado prices display a definite seasonal pattern, declining from February through May and rising from June through November. Hass is the most widely-grown variety. Avocados are primarily used fresh in salads and as the main ingredient in guacamole. U.S. avocado consumption rose sharply during the 1980's but has trended downward during the early 1990's. Reduced supplies and high retail prices curtailed consumption after the 1990 freeze that lowered California production for several seasons.
Assessing the influence of one astronomy camp over 50 years
Creators: name: Dalgleish, Hannah
name: Veitch-Michaelis, Josh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The International Astronomical Youth Camp has benefited thousands of lives during its 50-year history. We explore the pedagogy behind this success, review a survey taken by more than 300 previous participants, and discuss some of the challenges the camp faces in the future.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Private-Sector Agricultural Research Expenditures in the United States, 1960-92.
Creators: name: Klotz, Cassandra
name: Fuglie, Keith
name: Pray, Carl
name: Klotz, Cassandra
name: Fuglie, Keith
name: Pray, Carl
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Private agricultural R&D
subject: agricultural research expenditures
subject: research price deflator
subject: agricultural biotechnology

description: Private-sector agricultural research expenditures are estimated to have exceeded $3.4 billion in 1992, from only $0.2 billion in 1960. This implies an average annual rate of growth of 9.4 percent (3.5 percent if adjusted for inflation). The estimates also show that private agricultural research investments have grown most rapidly for chemical and biological technologies, such as agricultural chemicals, animal health, plant breeding, and applications of biotechnology. Growth has been less for farm machinery and food product research. However, data on private agricultural research spending are incomplete and fragmented. An extended yearly, cross-industry effort would provide more frequent, consistent, and representative information on private industry efforts.
Surface effects on nanowire transport: numerical investigation using the Boltzmann equation
Creators: name: Sundaram, Venkat S.
name: Mizel, Ari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A direct numerical solution of the steady-state Boltzmann equation in a cylindrical geometry is reported. Finite-size effects are investigated in large semiconducting nanowires using the relaxation-time approximation. A nanowire is modelled as a combination of an interior with local transport parameters identical to those in the bulk, and a finite surface region across whose width the carrier density decays radially to zero. The roughness of the surface is incorporated by using lower relaxation-times there than in the interior. An argument supported by our numerical results challenges a commonly used zero-width parametrization of the surface layer. In the non-degenerate limit, appropriate for moderately doped semiconductors, a finite surface width model does produce a positive longitudinal magneto-conductance, in agreement with existing theory. However, the effect is seen to be quite small (a few per cent) for realistic values of the wire parameters even at the highest practical magnetic fields. Physical insights emerging from the results are discussed.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
Kinetostatic Performance Optimization of a 3-DOF Orienting Camera Using GA
Creators: name: Daneshmand, Morteza
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mechanical Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: This study aims to provide an optimal design for a Spherical parallel manipulator (SPM), namely, the Agile Eye. This aim is approached by investigating kinetostatic performance and workspace and searching for the most promising design. Previously recommended designs are examined to determine whether they provide acceptable kinetostatic performance and workspace. Optimal designs are provided according to different kinetostatic performance indices, especially kinematic sensitivity. The optimization process is launched based on the concept of the genetic algorithm. A single-objective process is implemented in accordance with the guidelines of an evolutionary algorithm called differential evolution. A multi-objective procedure is then provided following the reasoning of the nondominated sorting genetic algorithm-II. This process results in several sets of Pareto points for reconciliation between kinetostatic performance indices and workspace. The concept of numerous kinetostatic performance indices and the results of optimization algorithms are elaborated. The conclusions provide hints on the provided set of designs and their credibility to provide a well-conditioned workspace and acceptable kinetostatic performance for the SPM under study, which can be well extended to other types of SPMs.
Phase diagram and dynamic response functions of the Holstein-Hubbard model
Creators: name: Koller, W.
name: Meyer, D.
name: Hewson, A. C.
name: Ono, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the phase diagram and dynamical correlation functions for the Holstein-Hubbard model at half filling and at zero temperature. The calculations are based on the Dynamical Mean Field Theory. The effective impurity model is solved using Exact Diagonalization and the Numerical Renormalization Group. Excluding long-range order, we find three different paramagnetic phases, metallic, bipolaronic and Mott insulating, depending on the Hubbard interaction U and the electron-phonon coupling g. We present the behaviour of the one-electron spectral functions and phonon spectra close to the metal insulator transitions.
description: contribution to the SCES04 conference
Additional file 1 of Health care providers’ awareness on medical management of children with autism spectrum disorder: cross-sectional study in Russia
Creators: name: Mukhamedshina, Y. O.
name: Fayzullina, R. A.
name: Nigmatullina, I. A.
name: Rutland, C. S.
name: Vasina, V. V.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
An Evaluation of the Economic Importance and Value of Test Weight in Wheat in the U.S. Grain Marketing Channels
Creators: name: Leath, Mack N.
name: Leath, Mack N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Test weight
subject: wheat grading standards
subject: wheat quality
subject: wheat export markets

description: Soft red winter (SRW) wheat producers in the Delta States recently proposed that test weight standards for SRW wheat be lowered by adopting the grade limits currently in effect for hard red spring wheat. Organizations representing the milling and export industries opposed this suggestion. As a result, the Federal Grain Inspection Service requested that the Economic Research Service conduct a fact-finding study to evaluate the issues involved in this controversy. The evidence indicates that lowering the minimum test weight standards for various grades of SRW wheat will not change the value of the crop. Domestic millers and foreign buyers have demonstrated a strong preference to buy SRW wheat with a test weight of 58 pounds per bushel, and lots with a lower test weight will continue to be discounted in the marketplace.
Weather and Yield, 1950-94: Relationships, Distributions, and Data
Creators: name: Teigen, Lloyd D.
name: Thomas, Milton
name: Teigen, Lloyd D.
name: Thomas, Milton
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Agricultural climatology
subject: commodity yields
subject: climate
subject: temperature
subject: precipitation
subject: probability distributions
subject: farm size

description: Nonlinear functions of weather explain almost all significant variations in crop yield. Corn, soybean, and spring wheat responses were estimated. Yields respond to monthly temperature and precipitation during May - September. Farm size is also important. Farms that harvest more acreage get higher yields. The yield distribution depends on the probability distribution of weather and the nonlinear response function. Temperature data follow a normal (symmetric) probability distribution, while precipitation data are better described by a (nonsymmetric) gamma distribution. The probability distribution for crop yields contains components that are normal, log-normal, chi-squared, and other random variables. Monthly temperature and precipitation data for 1950-94 are aggregated to State and regional estimates, using either harvested cropland or geographic area in 344 sub-State climatic divisions.
Beacons in Dense Wi-Fi Networks: How to Befriend with Neighbors in the 5G World?
Creators: name: Bankov, Dmitry
name: Khorov, Evgeny
name: Lyakhov, Andrey
name: Schelstraete, Sigurd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: To address 5G challenges, IEEE 802.11 is currently developing new amendments to the Wi-Fi standard, the most promising of which is 802.11ax. A key scenario considered by the developers of this amendment is dense and overlapped networks typically present in residential buildings, offices, airports, stadiums, and other places of a modern city. Being crucial for Wi-Fi hotspots, the hidden station problem becomes even more challenging for dense and overlapped networks, where even access points (APs) can be hidden. In this case, user stations can experience continuous collisions of beacons sent by different APs, which can cause disassociation and break Internet access. In this paper, we show that beacon collisions are rather typical for residential networks and may lead to unexpected and irreproducible malfunction. We investigate how often beacon collisions occur, and describe a number of mechanisms which can be used to avoid beacon collisions in dense deployment. Specifically, we pay much attention to those mechanisms which are currently under consideration of the IEEE 802.11ax group.
Chile's Agricultural Diversification
Creators: name: Sparks, Amy L.
name: Arnade, Carlos A.
name: Sparks, Amy L.
name: Arnade, Carlos A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Apples
subject: table grapes
subject: grapes
subject: pears
subject: peaches
subject: dry beans
subject: lentils
subject: wool
subject: copper
subject: diversification
subject: risk
subject: decision criteria
subject: index of concentration
subject: coefficient of variation
subject: export unit value
subject: perennial crops
subject: annual crops
subject: risk aversion

description: Chile's agricultural sector has dramatically expanded and diversified both production and exports in the past 30 years. Previously reliant on annual crops and wool, it is now a strong competitor in international fruit markets, apples and table grapes especially. Its success stems from a shift in consumption toward fruits and vegetables, natural resources suitable for fruit production, and government policies that encouraged farmers to switch to fruit. The industry is now moving toward production and export of pears, peaches and other stone fruit, as well as berries and melons, in addition to apples and table grapes. In diversifying with non-traditional crops, Chilean producers reduce risk.
Standing Waves for Nonautonomous Klein-Gordon-Maxwell Systems
Creators: name: Lazzo, Monica
name: Pisani, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35J50, 35J57, 35Q40, 35Q60

description: We study a Klein-Gordon-Maxwell system, in a bounded spatial domain, under Neumann boundary conditions on the electric potential. We allow a nonconstant coupling coefficient. For sufficiently small data, we find infinitely many standing waves.
description: 18 pages
Additional file 2 of Health care providers’ awareness on medical management of children with autism spectrum disorder: cross-sectional study in Russia
Creators: name: Mukhamedshina, Y. O.
name: Fayzullina, R. A.
name: Nigmatullina, I. A.
name: Rutland, C. S.
name: Vasina, V. V.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2.
The U.S. Blueberry Industry
Creators: name: Bertelsen, Diane
name: Harwood, Joy
name: Zepp, Glenn
name: Bertelsen, Diane
name: Harwood, Joy
name: Zepp, Glenn
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Blueberry
subject: production
subject: prices
subject: trade
subject: shipments
subject: consumption

description: U.S. blueberry output from the six major blueberry-producing States in 1992-94 averaged nearly 192 million pounds per year, including Maine's wild blueberry output. The largest concentration of cultivated blueberry production is located in Michigan and New Jersey, with substantial production in North Carolina, Oregon, and Washington. Blueberry production in these States has risen nearly 70 percent since the early 19805. Maine Provided nearly half of the processed blueberries in 1992-94, while Michigan accounted for one-fourth. New Jersey and Michigan provided the most fresh blueberries. Per capita consumption of fresh blueberries increased about 40 percent since the early 1980s and frozen consumption more than doubled. U.S.-grown blueberries are typically marketed from May through September. Prices show a very pronounced seasonal pattern, with the, lowest prices at mid-season.
Conduct of Firms in Dynamic U.S. Food Industries
Creators: name: Reed, A. J.
name: Reed, A. J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: firm conduct
subject: dynamic games
subject: Bayesian bootstrap

description: This study describes a proCedure that is used to identify firm conduct, or the nature of competition in three food markets. The procedure assumes food-producing firms incur short-run capital adjustment costs, and pursue unchanging conduct. The estimates, however, are consistent with firms altering their conduct as market conditions change.
Optimization of Kinematic Sensitivity and Workspace of Planar Parallel Mechanisms
Creators: name: Daneshmand, Morteza
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mechanical Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: This paper presents the results of a comprehensive study on the efficiency of planar parallel mechanisms with respect to their kinetostatic performances, namely kinematic sensitivity and workspace. The problem addressed in this paper is made equivalent to single and multi-optimization problems. Kinetostatic performance of ten different architectures is analyzed, by resorting to a recent index, kinematic sensitivity. The mathematical framework of this paper for solving the optimization problem is based on genetic algorithm. The results of multi-objective optimization are based on the sets of Pareto points, offering the most reliable decisions to reconciliate between some conflicting objectives. To this end, the ten mechanisms are sorted into two sets based on their type of actuator, namely, five with prismatic actuators and the other ones with revolute actuators. Finally, a comparison between performances of these mechanisms, according to the obtained results, is carried out.
Path Integral Monte Carlo and Density Functional Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Warm, Dense MgSiO$_3$
Creators: name: González-Cataldo, Felipe
name: Soubiran, François
name: Peterson, Henry
name: Militzer, Burkhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to provide a comprehensive theoretical description of MgSiO$_3$ at extreme conditions, we combine results from path integral Monte Carlo (PIMC) and density functional molecular dynamics simulations (DFT-MD) and generate a consistent equation of state for this material. We consider a wide range of temperature and density conditions from 10$^4$ to 10$^8$ K and from 0.321 to 64.2 g$\,$cm$^{-3}$ (0.1- to 20-fold the ambient density). We study how the L and K shell electrons are ionized with increasing temperature and pressure. We derive the shock Hugoniot curve and compare with experimental results. Our Hugoniot curve is in good agreement with the experiments, and we predict a broad compression maximum that is dominated by the K shell ionization of all three nuclei while the peak compression ratio of 4.70 is obtained when the Si and Mg nuclei are ionized. Finally we analyze the heat capacity and structural properties of the liquid.
description: 14 pages, 14 color figures, Physical Review B (accepted, Dec. 2019)
Fluid Milk and Cheese Advertising
Creators: name: Blisard, Noel
name: Blaylock, James R.
name: Smallwood, David
name: Blisard, Noel
name: Blaylock, James R.
name: Smallwood, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Cheese
subject: fluid milk
subject: advertising
subject: demand
subject: entry
subject: exit
subject: distributed lag
subject: econometrics
subject: simulation
subject: elasticities

description: Generic advertising expenditures raised fluid milk sales about 5.6 percent, or 12.8 billion pounds, between September 1984 and September 1994. Sales of natural and processed cheese consumed at home rose by about 46.8 million pounds and 367.0 million pounds in the same period because of increased generic advertising. An assessment of 15 cents per hundredweight of milk sold commercially, mandated by the Dairy and Tobacco Adjustment Act of 1983, funded the increase in advertising. Activities of the recently established National Fluid Milk Processor Promotion Board are also analyzed.
Defining Metropolitan Areas and the Rural-Urban Continuum: A Comparison of Statistical Areas Based on County and Sub-County Geography
Creators: name: Cromartie, John
name: Swanson, Linda
name: Cromartie, John
name: Swanson, Linda
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: metropolitan areas
subject: rural-urban continuum
subject: settlement patterns

description: Accurate ,analysis of the economic and social problems currently facing urban and rural residents, as well as the implementation of programs to address them, depend to a large degree on how settlement is measured. County-based statistical areas misrepresent settlement patterns in parts of the Nation with large counties and limit our ability to track and analyze the geographical restructuring of U.S. population. Criteria currently used to delineate metro and nonmetro areas, and a more detailed county-level, rural-urban continuum, are applied to sub-county data in three States that represent different problems with county-level measurement of settlement patterns. Comparing the resulting sub-county areas with county-level areas shows significant improvement both in the territorial delineation of metro areas and in the classification of population in different types of nonmetro areas. The sub-county system delineates the interstitial space where a metro area ends and the hinterland begins, which is important at a time when central cities are losing their gravitational pull on surrounding metro territory.
Longitudinal Radiation Force of Laser Pulses and Optics of Moving Particles
Creators: name: Kovachev, Lubomir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a long time transverse and longitudinal optical forces are used for non-contact and noninvasive manipulation of small individual particles. The following question arises: What is the impact of these forces on the ensemble of thousand particles in continuous media? The aim of this work is to find analytical expression of the radiation force and potential densities creating from laser pulse propagating in dielectric media. This allows us to find an effective averaged longitudinal real force at the level of the laser pulse spot. The obtained force is proportional to initial pulse energy and inversely proportional to its time duration. In the femtosecond region the force becomes strong enough to confine the neutral particles into the pulse envelope and translate them with group velocity. In silica for example, the longitudinal force of a femtosecond pulse is significantly greater than the molecular forces. Thus, the fine ablation in silica with short pulses may be due to this longitudinal force, which breaks down the molecular bonds. Additionally, after confinement into the pulse envelope, the moving particles produce new linear and nonlinear effects. The dipole interaction with the electromagnetic field of the particles captured into the pulse generate at carrier-to-envelope frequency, instead of at the carrying ones. This oscillation is in sub-THz range in gases and in THz in solids. In nonlinear regime instead of third harmonics, the ensemble of moving particles generates at frequency proportional to three times the frequency of the envelope-carrier.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1910.03183
Ambient metric construction of Q-curvature in conformal and CR geometries
Creators: name: Fefferman, Charles
name: Hirachi, Kengo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C07 (Primary) 32V05, 53B15 (Secondary)

description: We give a geometric derivation of Branson's Q-curvature in terms of the ambient metric associated with conformal structures; it naturally follows from the ambient metric construction of conformally invariant operators and can be applied to a large class of invariant operators. This procedure can be also applied to CR geometry and gives a CR analog of the Q-curvature; it then turns out that the Q-curvature gives the coefficient of the logarithmic singularity of the Szego kernel of 3-dimensional CR manifolds.
description: 14 pages, corrected typos and updated references
Decoherence in a Talbot Lau interferometer: the influence of molecular scattering
Creators: name: Hackermueller, Lucia
name: Hornberger, Klaus
name: Brezger, Bjoern
name: Zeilinger, Anton
name: Arndt, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the interference of C70 fullerenes in a Talbot-Lau interferometer with a large separation between the diffraction gratings. This permits the observation of recurrences of the interference contrast both as a function of the de Broglie wavelength and in dependence of the interaction with background gases. We observe an exponential decrease of the fringe visibility with increasing background pressure and find good quantitative agreement with the predictions of decoherence theory. From this we extrapolate the limits of matter wave interferometry and conclude that the influence of collisional decoherence may be well under control in future experiments with proteins and even larger objects.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Imaging of spinor gases
Creators: name: Carusotto, Iacopo
name: Mueller, Erich J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the dielectric properties of spinor condensates. Gases with vector (nematic) order, such as spin-1 condensates with ferromagnetic (antiferromagnetic) interactions, display optical activity (birefringence). This optical activity/birefringence is respectively seen for light detuned from resonance by a frequency which is not too large compared with the fine/hyperfine structure. Careful tuning of the light frequency can isolate either of these two effects. These features can be used to image spin textures in clouds of spin 1 bosons, and to discern states showing different types of spin order.
description: second revised version
DepthTransfer: Depth Extraction from Video Using Non-parametric Sampling
Creators: name: Karsch, Kevin
name: Liu, Ce
name: Kang, Sing Bing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We describe a technique that automatically generates plausible depth maps from videos using non-parametric depth sampling. We demonstrate our technique in cases where past methods fail (non-translating cameras and dynamic scenes). Our technique is applicable to single images as well as videos. For videos, we use local motion cues to improve the inferred depth maps, while optical flow is used to ensure temporal depth consistency. For training and evaluation, we use a Kinect-based system to collect a large dataset containing stereoscopic videos with known depths. We show that our depth estimation technique outperforms the state-of-the-art on benchmark databases. Our technique can be used to automatically convert a monoscopic video into stereo for 3D visualization, and we demonstrate this through a variety of visually pleasing results for indoor and outdoor scenes, including results from the feature film Charade.
Testing Ising Topological Order in $α$-RuCl$_3$ Under In-Plane Magnetic Fields
Creators: name: Gordon, Jacob S.
name: Kee, Hae-Young
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Material realization of the non-Abelian Kitaev spin liquid phase - an example of Ising topological order (ITO) - has been the subject of intense research in recent years. The $4d$ honeycomb Mott insulator $α$-RuCl$_3$ has emerged as a leading candidate, as it enters a field-induced magnetically disordered state where a half-integer quantized thermal Hall conductivity $κ_{xy}$ was reported. Further, a recent report of a sign change in the quantized $κ_{xy}$ across a certain crystallographic direction is strong evidence for a topological phase transition between two ITOs with opposite Chern numbers. Although this is a fascinating result, independent verification remains elusive, and one may ask if there is a thermodynamic quantity sensitive to the phase transition. Here we propose that the magnetotropic coefficient $k$ under in-plane magnetic fields would serve such a purpose. We report a singular feature in $k$ that indicates a topological phase transition across the $\hat{b}$-axis where ITO is prohibited by a $C_2$ symmetry. If the transition in $α$-RuCl$_3$ is indeed a direct transition between ITOs, then this feature in $k$ should be observable.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, 1 table
Additional file 1 of Costs of breast cancer treatment incurred by women in Vietnam
Creators: name: Ngan, Tran Thu
name: Ngoc, Nguyen Bao
name: Van Minh, Hoang
name: Donnelly, Michael
name: O’Neill, Ciaran
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Related questions (extracted from the questionnaire) were used to estimate the cost of breast cancer diagnosis and initial treatment.
Super- and CP-symmetric QCD in Higher Dimensions
Creators: name: Izawa, K. -I.
name: Watari, Taizan
name: Yanagida, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An extremely precise global symmetry is necessary in the Peccei--Quinn solution to the strong CP problem. Such symmetry arises when colored chiral fermions are localized in an internal space. We present a supersymmetric model that incorporates the above mechanism. Extra colored chiral multiplets around the supersymmetry-breaking scale are a generic prediction of the supersymetric model.
description: 10 pages
Ewangelicki katechizm dorosłych jako wyzwanie dla Kościoła ewangelickiego w Polsce
Creators: name: Hintz, Marcin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 220401 Christian Studies (incl. Biblical Studies and Church History)
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: 220305 Ethical Theory

description: The text analyses the Evangelical Catechism for adult people - project of the Lutheran Church in Poland.
Dipole-Coupled Defect Pairs as Deterministic Entangled Photon Pair Sources
Creators: name: Wang, Derek S.
name: Neuman, Tomáš
name: Narang, Prineha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scalable quantum systems require deterministic entangled photon pair sources. Here, we demonstrate a scheme that uses a dipole-coupled defect pair to deterministically emit polarization-entangled photon pairs. Based on this scheme, we predict spectroscopic signatures and quantify the entanglement with physically realizable system parameters. We describe how the Bell state fidelity and efficiency can be optimized by precisely tuning transition frequencies. A defect-based entangled photon pair source would offer numerous advantages including flexible on-chip photonic integration and tunable emission properties via external fields, electromagnetic environments, and defect selection.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures and 2 tables
Structure and stability of copper clusters : A tight-binding molecular dynamics study
Creators: name: Kabir, Mukul
name: Mookerjee, Abhijit
name: Bhattacharya, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we propose a tight-binding molecular dynamics with parameters fitted to first-principles calculations on the smaller clusters and with an environment correction, to be a powerful technique for studying large transition/noble metal clusters. In particular, the structure and stability of $Cu_n$ clusters for $n=3-55$ are studied by using this technique. The results for small $Cu_n$ clusters ($n=3-9$) show good agreement with {\it ab initio} calculations and available experimental results. In the size range $10\le n \le 55$ most of the clusters adopt icosahedral structure which can be derived from the 13-atom icosahedron, the polyicosahedral 19-, 23-, and 26-atom clusters and the 55-atom icosahedron, by adding or removing atoms. However, a local geometrical change from icosahedral to decahedral structure is observed for $n = 40-44$ and return to the icosahedral growth pattern is found at $n=45$ which continues. Electronic "magic numbers" ($n=2$, 8, 20, 34, 40) in this regime are correctly reproduced. Due to electron pairing in HOMOs, even-odd alternation is found. A sudden loss of even-odd alternation in second difference of cluster binding energy, HOMO-LUMO gap energy and ionization potential is observed in the region $n\sim40$ due to structural change there. Interplay between electronic and geometrical structure is found.
description: RevTeX, 10 Pages, 5 Figures
title: Regulation and Molecular Composition of the Golgi-Associated Spectrin Skeleton
Creators: name: Godi, Anna
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2002

description: In spite of the big advances in the identification of the proteins operating in membrane transport to and through the Golgi complex, the mechanisms by which they control the intricacy and dynamics of the Golgi complex are still largely unknown. During the last decade a number of candidates have been identified, including spectrin and ankyrin.
In the present study, the mechanism of spectrin association with Golgi membranes has been investigated. The small GTP-binding protein ARF plays an important role in controlling the assembly of the spectrin skeleton on Golgi membranes. ARF recruits ß-spectrin by stimulating the synthesis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns4,5P2), to which the spectrin PH domain can bind, and which acts as a regulated docking site for Golgi spectrin.
The increase in PtdIns4,5P2 levels in Golgi membranes represents a novel activity of ARF that is not dependent on the previously-characterised effects of ARF on PLD activity and COPI-coat assembly. This implies the concomitant recruitment to Golgi membranes of a Golgi-specific isoform of phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase, PI4Kbeta, and a still unspecified phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase (PIP5K).
PMKbeta activity is required for the structural and functional preservation of the Golgi complex since transfection of a kinase-dead PMKbeta markedly alters not just the morphological organisation of the Golgi complex, but also membrane traffic from the Golgi complex to the plasma membrane.
 These results indicate that the control of phosphoinositide metabolism by ARF is one of the main mechanisms by which this GTPase controls Golgi complex structure and function, and also identify spectrin as one of the phosphoinositide targets on the Golgi apparatus.
Constraints on Metastable Helium in the Atmospheres of WASP-69b and WASP-52b with Ultra-Narrowband Photometry
Creators: name: Vissapragada, Shreyas
name: Knutson, Heather A.
name: Jovanovic, Nemanja
name: Harada, Caleb K.
name: Oklopčić, Antonija
name: Eriksen, James
name: Mawet, Dimitri
name: Millar-Blanchaer, Maxwell A.
name: Tinyanont, Samaporn
name: Vasisht, Gautam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Infrared observations of metastable 2$^3$S helium absorption with ground- and space-based spectroscopy are rapidly maturing, as this species is a unique probe of exoplanet atmospheres. Specifically, the transit depth in the triplet feature (with vacuum wavelengths near 1083.3 nm) can be used to constrain the temperature and mass loss rate of an exoplanet's upper atmosphere. Here, we present a new photometric technique to measure metastable 2$^3$S helium absorption using an ultra-narrowband filter (full-width at half-maximum of 0.635 nm) coupled to a beam-shaping diffuser installed in the Wide-field Infrared Camera (WIRC) on the 200-inch Hale Telescope at Palomar Observatory. We use telluric OH lines and a helium arc lamp to characterize refractive effects through the filter and to confirm our understanding of the filter transmission profile. We benchmark our new technique by observing a transit of WASP-69b and detect an excess absorption of $0.498\pm0.045$% (11.1$σ$), consistent with previous measurements after considering our bandpass. Then, we use this method to study the inflated gas giant WASP-52b and place a 95th-percentile upper limit on excess absorption in our helium bandpass of 0.47%. Using an atmospheric escape model, we constrain the mass loss rate for WASP-69b to be $5.25^{+0.65}_{-0.46}\times10^{-4}~M_\mathrm{J}/\mathrm{Gyr}$ ($3.32^{+0.67}_{-0.56}\times10^{-3}~M_\mathrm{J}/\mathrm{Gyr}$) at 7,000 K (12,000 K). Additionally, we set an upper limit on the mass loss rate of WASP-52b at these temperatures of $2.1\times10^{-4}~M_\mathrm{J}/\mathrm{Gyr}$ ($2.1\times10^{-3}~M_\mathrm{J}/\mathrm{Gyr}$). These results show that ultra-narrowband photometry can reliably quantify absorption in the metastable helium feature.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures (figures 1 and 2 are rasterized for arXiv file size compliance), accepted to AJ
Adaptive Divergence for Rapid Adversarial Optimization
Creators: name: Borisyak, Maxim
name: Gaintseva, Tatiana
name: Ustyuzhanin, Andrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Adversarial Optimization (AO) provides a reliable, practical way to match two implicitly defined distributions, one of which is usually represented by a sample of real data, and the other is defined by a generator. Typically, AO involves training of a high-capacity model on each step of the optimization. In this work, we consider computationally heavy generators, for which training of high-capacity models is associated with substantial computational costs. To address this problem, we introduce a novel family of divergences, which varies the capacity of the underlying model, and allows for a significant acceleration with respect to the number of samples drawn from the generator. We demonstrate the performance of the proposed divergences on several tasks, including tuning parameters of a physics simulator, namely, Pythia event generator.
Aktualność reformacyjnego przesłania we współczesnej etyce ewangelickiej
Creators: name: Hintz, Marcin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 220401 Christian Studies (incl. Biblical Studies and Church History)
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: 220305 Ethical Theory

description: The text analyses the ethical issue of Martin Luther.
Advertising and Consumer Welfare
Creators: name: Alston, Julian M.
name: Chalfant, James A.
name: Piggott, Nicholas E.
name: Alston, Julian M.
name: Chalfant, James A.
name: Piggott, Nicholas E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Controversy has surrounded the welfare effects of advertising, mainly Concerning consumer welfare effects. Unfortunately, the measures of consumer Welfare effects in most studies have been ad hoc and incorrect. The consumer Welfare consequences of advertising can be measured consistently and accurately When consumer demand equations are derived from an expenditure function. This ls illustrated using the Almost Ideal Demand System, which is popular in econometric estimation of food demand systems. An empirical application uses data on Australian meat consumption to evaluate generic advertising of meats. The results from using a theoretically correct money-metric measure of consumer Welfare effects, taking account of cross-cotnmodity effects of advertising and price Changes, are compared with ad hoc approaches previous studies have proposed. In addition, the consumer welfare measures are combined with measures of Producer benefits in order to compute private and social returns.
Kiwiplatynus Larochelle and Lariviere E 2021
Creators: name: Larochelle
name: Larivière, Marie-Claude
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Kiwiplatynus

description: Key to species of Kiwiplatynus
 1. Elytra with striae impunctate, interval 3 with two setiferous punctures (medially and subapically); submentum with six setae; sternum VII (last visible abdominal sternum), male with two long apical ambulatory setae, female with six long apical ambulatory setae; Fig. 48. [Body length 16.0– 19.3 mm; North Island (ND to TK– GB; WN)]........................  Kiwiplatynus bidens (Chaudoir)
 — Elytra with striae coarsely punctate, interval 3 with a single setiferous puncture (subapically); submentum with eight setae; sternum VII, male with four long apical ambulatory setae, female with eight long apical ambulatory setae; Fig. 49. [Body length 16.1–19.0 mm; central North Island (WO, TK, TO)].........................  Kiwiplatynus taranaki Larochelle and Larivière, new species
description: Published as part of Larochelle & Larivière, Marie-Claude, 2021, Synopsis of the tribe Platynini in New Zealand (Coleoptera: Carabidae), pp. 1-96 in Insecta Mundi 2021 (864) on page 20, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5041813
Classification of Six-Point Metrics
Creators: name: Sturmfels, Bernd
name: Yu, Josephine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 51K05, 52B45 (Primary) 05C12 (Secondary)

description: There are 339 combinatorial types of generic metrics on six points. They correspond to the 339 regular triangulations of the second hypersimplex Δ(6,2), which also has 14 non-regular triangulations.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures
Interpreting gravitational-wave burst detections: constraining source properties without astrophysical models
Creators: name: Bécsy, Bence
name: Raffai, Peter
name: Gill, Kiranjyot
name: Littenberg, Tyson B
name: Millhouse, Margaret
name: Szczepańczyk, Marek J
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that for detections of gravitational-wave transients, constraints can be given on physical parameters of the source without using any specific astrophysical models. Relying only on fundamental principles of general relativity, we can set upper limits on the size, mass, and distance of the source solely from characteristics of the observed waveform. If the distance of the source is known from independent (e.g. electromagnetic) observations, we can also set lower limits on the mass and size. As a demonstration, we tested these constraints on binary black hole signals observed by the LIGO and Virgo detectors during their first and second observing runs, as well as on simulated binary black hole and core-collapse supernova signals reconstructed from simulated detector data. We have found that our constraints are valid for all analyzed source types, but their efficiency (namely, how far they are from the true parameter values) strongly depends on the source type, ranging from being in the same order of magnitude to a several orders of magnitude difference. In cases when a gravitational-wave signal is reconstructed without waveform templates and no astrophysical model on the source is available, these constraints provide the only quantitative characterization of the source that can guide the astrophysical modeling process.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures