title: ÐÐ¾Ð²ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐ¿ÐµÐºÑÑÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÑÑÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð² Ð±ÐµÑÐ¿ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð½ÑÑ ÑÐµÑÑÑ Ñ Ð¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸ÐµÐ¼ Â«Massive MIMOÂ»
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¼Ð°Ð³Ð¸ÑÑÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Improving Spectral Efficiency in Wireless Networks Using Massive MIMO
Creators: name: ÐÐ»ÑÐ°Ð±Ð±Ð°Ð³, Ð¡Ð°Ð¸Ð´
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2020
Subjects: 5g
Ð±ÐµÑÐ¿ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð½ÑÐµ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ
Multi-User MIMO
Massive MIMO
Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ ÐºÐ°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð°
QuaDRiGa
Ð»Ð¸Ð½ÐµÐ¹Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð²Ð°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ðµ ÐºÐ¾Ð´Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ
ÑÐ¿ÐµÐºÑÑÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð°Ñ ÑÑÑÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑ
ÑÐ½ÐµÑÐ³ÐµÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ°Ñ ÑÑÑÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑ
linear precoding
spectral efficiency
energy efficiency

description: ÐÐ°Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ²ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð° Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð¸Ð·Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼ Massive MIMO Ñ Ð¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸ÐµÐ¼ ÑÐµÐ°Ð»Ð¸ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ½ÑÑ ÐºÐ¾ÑÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ¸ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¾Ð² ÐºÐ°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð°, Ð³ÐµÐ½ÐµÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼ÑÑ Ð² Ð¸Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐ°ÑÐ¾ÑÐµ ÐºÐ°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð° QuaDRiGa. Ð Ð°ÑÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÑÐ¸Ð²Ð°ÑÑÑÑ ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐµÐ²ÑÐºÐ¸Ðµ ÐºÐ°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ñ (i.i.d. Rayleigh) Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð¸ÑÑÐ° Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´Ñ ÑÐ¿ÐµÐºÑÑÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¸ ÑÐ½ÐµÑÐ³ÐµÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ ÑÑÑÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑÑ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ½ÑÑ ÑÑÐµÐ¼ Ð»Ð¸Ð½ÐµÐ¹Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð²Ð°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÐºÐ¾Ð´Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ, ÑÐ°ÐºÐ¸Ñ ÐºÐ°Ðº Ð¼Ð°ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð¸Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ñ ÐºÐ¾ÑÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ¸ÐµÐ½ÑÐ° Ð¿ÐµÑÐµÐ´Ð°ÑÐ¸ (Maximum Ratio Transmission, MRT), ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð½ÑÐ»Ñ (Zero Forcing, ZF) Ð¸ Ð¼Ð¸Ð½Ð¸Ð¼ÑÐ¼ ÑÑÐµÐ´Ð½ÐµÐºÐ²Ð°Ð´ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¾ÑÐºÐ»Ð¾Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ (Minimum Mean Square Error, MMSE). ÐÐ¾ÑÐ»Ðµ ÑÑÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÑ Ð´Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½ÐµÐ¹ÑÐµÐµ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ñ Ð¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸ÐµÐ¼ Ð¸Ð½ÑÑÑÑÐ¼ÐµÐ½ÑÐ° QuaDRiGa. Ð­ÑÐ° ÑÐ°ÑÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð° Ð½Ð° Ð¸Ð·ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð²Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÑÐµÐ´Ñ ÑÐ°ÑÐ¿ÑÐ¾ÑÑÑÐ°Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÐ¸Ð³ÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð°Ð½ÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð½Ð° Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð¸Ð·Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÑ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ. ÐÐ° Ð±Ð°Ð·Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÑÐ°Ð½ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð±ÑÐ»Ð¸ Ð¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ñ Ð´Ð²Ðµ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÐ¸Ð³ÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð°Ð½ÑÐµÐ½Ð½: ÑÐ°Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ð¼ÐµÑÐ½Ð°Ñ Ð»Ð¸Ð½ÐµÐ¹Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐµÑÐµÑÐºÐ° (ULA) Ð¸ ÑÐ°Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ð¼ÐµÑÐ½Ð°Ñ Ð¿ÑÑÐ¼Ð¾ÑÐ³Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ½Ð°Ñ ÑÐµÑÐµÑÐºÐ° (URA) Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð´Ð²ÑÑ ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÐµÐ² ÑÐ°ÑÐ¿ÑÐ¾ÑÑÑÐ°Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ: Ð¿ÑÑÐ¼Ð¾Ð¹ Ð²Ð¸Ð´Ð¸Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ (LOS) Ð¸ Ð½ÐµÐ¿ÑÑÐ¼Ð¾Ð¹ Ð²Ð¸Ð´Ð¸Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ (NLOS). Ð ÐµÐ·ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÐºÐ°Ð·Ð°Ð»Ð¸, ÑÑÐ¾ MMSE ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ°ÐµÑ Ð»ÑÑÑÐµ Ð²ÑÐµÑ Ð»Ð¸Ð½ÐµÐ¹Ð½ÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐµÐºÐ¾Ð´ÐµÑÐ¾Ð². ÐÑÐ¾Ð¼Ðµ ÑÐ¾Ð³Ð¾, Ð¼Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÐ»Ð¸ Ðº Ð²ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð´Ñ, ÑÑÐ¾ Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐ¸Ð½ÑÑÐ²Ð¾ ÑÐµÐ¾ÑÐµÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ¸Ð¼ÑÑÐµÑÑÐ² Massive MIMO Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð±ÑÑÑ ÑÐµÐ°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¾ Ð² ÑÐµÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½ÑÑ ÑÑÐ»Ð¾Ð²Ð¸ÑÑ ÑÐ°ÑÐ¿ÑÐ¾ÑÑÑÐ°Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ.
description: In this thesis, we investigate the performance of Massive MIMO systems in a sin-gle cell using realistic channel coefficients, generated in QuaDRiGa channel simulator. First, we use independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) Rayleigh channels to investigate the tradeoff between the spectral and energy efficiency of the system for different linear precoding schemes such as Maximum Ratio Transmis-sion (MRT), Zero Forcing (ZF), and Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE). Af-ter that, a further examination is conducted using QuaDRiGa tool. This aims to study the effect of propagation environment and antenna configuration on the system performance. Two antenna deployments at base station are used: uniform linear array (ULA) and uniform rectangular array (URA) for both propagation conditions: Line-Of-Sight (LOS) and Non-Line-Of-Sight (NLOS). The results indicated that MMSE performs the best among all linear precoders. In addition, we came to that most of the theoretical benefits of Massive MIMO could be realized over real propagation conditions.