Collartida phantasma Davranoglou & Baňař & Suárez & Martín & Naranjo 2022, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Davranoglou, Leonidas-Romanos
name: Baňař, Petr
name: Suárez, Daniel
name: Martín, Sonia
name: Naranjo, Manuel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Reduviidae
Collartida
Collartida phantasma

description: Collartida phantasma Davranoglou & Baňař, sp. nov.
(Figs. 1–14)
Type material. Holotype (male): Spain, Canary Islands, Gran Canaria, Telde, Los Cernícalos ravine, Mina La Federica, 27°58’58.44”N, 15°27’52.92”W, 347 m. a.s.l., hand collected, 4.xi.2017, M. Naranjo leg. Paratype (one female): same as above, 3.iii.2018, M. Naranjo leg. Deposited at the University of Barcelona. Additional material examined. One larva tentatively considered conspecific, same data as paratype female.
Diagnosis. Due to their notable sexual dimorphism, the two sexes are diagnosed separately. The macropterous male differs from all congeners by the following combination of characters: eyes surpassing dorsal and ventral outline of head in lateral view (Fig. 2B); head 1.1 times wider than long; anteocular part of head distinctly and abruptly declivous beyond antennifer (Fig. 2B); first antennal segment with very long, erect hairs (Fig. 3A); anterior pronotal lobe two times wider than long, collar with indistinct, subtriangular processes with rounded apex (Fig. 4A); fore coxa with two large dorsal spines (Fig. 6B); parameres with a rounded apex, slightly notched dorsally (Figs. 9A–B, 10A–B).
Female apterous (Fig. 12); head with well-developed eyes (Fig. 11A–B); width across eyes 1.6 times as long as interocular distance; anteocular 1.3 times longer than postocular; first antennal segment glabrous, 3.9 times longer than segment two (pedicel) (Fig. 11A); anterior pronotal lobe 1.2 times longer than posterior lobe; fore coxa with two large dorsal spines (Fig. 11C).
Description (holotype male). Colouration (Fig. 1). Head and thorax light orange yellowish. Body surface and vestiture. Integument weakly sclerotized, largely transparent, smooth; head covered dorsally with short, adpressed setae (Fig. 2B), scape with sparse, very long, erect setae (Figs. 1, 3A), longest ones about 6.8 times longer than diameter of respective segment; pedicel and flagellomeres covered by short, semierect hairs; legs with dense, short pilosity (Fig. 3B, C).
Structure. Head: elongate, about 1.1 times wider than long; anteocular part 1.3 times longer than postocular part, distinctly and abruptly declivous beyond antennifer; eyes large, strongly projecting in dorsal view (Fig. 2A), surpassing both dorsal and ventral outlines of head in lateral view (Fig. 2B); width across eyes about 2.5 times as long as interocular distance; ventral surface of head armed with three pairs of spine-like setae (Fig. 2B): one pair at level of gena, one pair anterior to eye, and one pair on the lateral surface immediately posteriad to eye. Labium: second labial segment (first visible) about 1.6 times longer than third, not attaining proximal margin of eye, armed with one pair of large spines, and two smaller pairs of hair-like spines immediately proximal and distal to it, respectively (Fig. 2B); third segment subequal in length to fourth, armed with a pair of large spines, two pairs of smaller spines anteriad to them, and one small pair posteriorly (Fig. 2B); fourth segment with one very small pair of spines. Antenna: very long and slender, scape 2.6 times longer than pedicel (Fig. 1).
Thorax: Anterior lobe of pronotum quadrangular, transverse, two times as wide as long, 1.7 times longer than maximum length of posterior lobe (Fig. 4A); collar indistinct, its dorsolateral margins ending in a faint subtriangular process with a rounded apex (Fig. 4A); anterior lobe of pronotum with a distinct emargination below collar (Fig. 4A, dashed outline indicated by arrow); posterior lobe extremely reduced, dorsally present as a narrow strip, distinctly concave medially (Fig. 4A); longest part of posterior lobe of pronotum rounded, visible only in lateral view (Fig. 4B); mesoscutellum unarmed, postscutellum armed with a rounded spine (Fig. 5); direct (IIdvm1) and indirect (IIdlm1) wing muscles distinctly visible through cuticle (Figs. 4A, 5).
Legs: Fore coxa elongate, cylindrical, 0.85 times as long as fore femur, with two spine-like setae on its dorsal surface (Fig. 6B) and two smaller ones in its inner surface; fore trochanter with 4–5 spines in succession (Fig. 6C); femur about 11 times longer than its greatest width; posteroventral series beginning at base of femur (Fig. 6A–C), not extending to apex, composed of 4 long spine-like setae (2.2 times longer than maximum width of article), intermixed with shorter spines, which predominate at beginning of this series; anteroventral series reduced, hard to discern in transparent specimen; fore tibia 0.9 times the length of fore femur, distinctly thickened at apex (Figs. 6A, 7A); fore tarsal segment 1 shortest, segments 2 and 3 subequal in length (Fig. 7A); claws symmetrical, unmodified; mid and hind legs slender and very long (Fig. 1); mid and hind tibiae 1.4 and 1.8 times longer than respective femora, respectively; mid and hind tarsi three-segmented (Fig. 7B, C).
Fore wing (Figs. 1, 8): basal portion of wing veins sclerotised, distal part of wing transparent, with veins hardly discernible; wing 3.2 times longer than maximum width; discal cell short, about 1.5 times longer than basal cell; postcubitus (Pcu) linked to basal cell with a short cross-vein (Fig. 8, blue arrow).
Genitalia (Figs. 9, 10): pygophore posteriorly with paired, rounded processes that diverge outwards (Fig. 9A, B); setae uniformly distributed on posterior margin of pygophore (Fig. 9A); parameres rounded, with a weak notch dorsally (Figs. 9A, B, 10A, B); articulatory apparatus as in Figs. 9B, D, 10E, F), with a thick ponticulus transversalis; struts entirely fused for most of their length (Fig. 10E, F); dorsal phallothecal sclerite as in Fig. 10E, endosoma not everted (black mass in Fig. 10E, F).
Measurements (in mm). Male (holotype): Total body length 3.39 (without pygophore); length of head without neck: 0.55; width across eyes: 0.49; interocular distance: 0.20; length of postocular part of head: 0.22; length of anteocular part of head: 0.29; lengths of labial segments: II – 0.33, III – 0.20, IV – 0.20; lengths of antennal segments: I – 2.78, II – 1.05, III – 2.8, IV – 0.75; length of pronotum along midline: 0.58; length of anterior lobe along midline: 0.22; greatest width of anterior lobe: 0.44; length of posterior lobe along midline: 0.07; length of fore wing: 3.08, greatest width of fore wing: 0.95; length of fore coxa: 0.89; length of fore femur: 1.04; greatest width of fore femur: 0.09; length of greatest spine of femur: 0.20; length of fore tibia: 0.93; length of fore tarsus: 0.27; length of mid femur: 3.22; length of mid tibia: 4.49; length of mid tarsus: 0.30; length of hind femur: 3.53; length of hind tibia: 6.25; length of hind tarsus: 0.32; length of pygophore: 0.38.
Female. Colouration. Light yellowish-creamy (Figs. 11A, 12); apex of fore tibia and middle of pedicellus distinctly darker than rest of body (Fig. 11A).
Body surface and vestiture. Integument largely transparent, smooth and in most part glabrous (Figs. 11A, 13); short, adpressed setae on dorsal surface of head (Fig. 11B); antennae largely glabrous (Fig. 11A), with extremely small, almost imperceptible setae; short, erect setae present only in fore legs, especially on the tibia (Fig. 11C, D).
Structure. Body much stouter than male. Head: elongate, about 1.3 times wider than long; anteocular part 1.3 times longer than postocular part; eyes medium-sized, not reaching dorsal or ventral margin of head in lateral view (Fig. 11A, B); width across eyes 1.6 times larger than interocular distance; ventral surface of head armed with four pairs of spine-like setae (Fig. 11A, B): one pair at level of gena, one pair anteriad to the eye, and two pairs immediately posteriad to eye, first one laterally placed, distinctly projecting anteriad, second one ventrally placed projecting ventrad (Fig. 11B). Labium: second labial segment (first visible) 1.6 times longer than third segment, not attaining proximal margin of eye, armed with one pair of large spines, and one smaller pair distally (Figs. 11A, B); third segment subequal in length to that of fourth, armed with a single pair of large spines, two pairs of smaller spines proximally to the latter, and one small pair distally (Fig. 11A); fourth segment unarmed. Antenna: very long and slender, scape 3.9 times longer than pedicel (Fig. 11A, 12A).
Thorax: anterior pronotal lobe bulbous, 1.2 times wider than long, medially divided by a deep sulcus (Fig. 12B); posterior lobe extremely reduced, strip-like, 5.5 times smaller than anterior lobe (Fig. 12B). Wings completely absent (Fig. 13B, D); mesothorax dorsally with a distinct median keel (Fig. 13D); postscutellum with a short bump (Fig. 13D).
Legs: Fore coxa elongate, cylindrical, 0.9 times as long as fore femur, with two spine-like setae on its dorsal surface (Fig. 11A, C), and 4–5 very long spines on its inner surface (Fig. 12A), intermixed with several small ones; fore trochanter with several spines (Fig. 11A, C); femur about 11 times longer than its greatest width; posteroventral series beginning at base of femur (Fig. 11A–C), not extending to apex, composed of 4–5 long spine-like setae (largest barely longer than maximum width of article), intermixed with shorter spines; anteroventral series comprising two rows of about 20 short spines each; fore tibia 0.7 times the length of fore femur, distinctly thickened at apex (Fig. 11A, C); fore tarsal segment 1 shortest, segments 2 and 3 subequal in length (Fig. 11D); claws symmetrical, unmodified (Fig. 11D, E), with two distinct campaniform sensilla at base (Fig. 11F); mid and hind legs slender and very long (Fig. 13A, B); mid and hind tibiae 1.3 and 1.7 times longer than respective femora, respectively; mid and hind tarsi three-segmented.
Pregenital abdomen: Elongate oval, with triangular apex (Fig. 13A–C). A single egg distinctly visible (Fig. 13A, white arrows).
Genitalia: As in Fig. 13C, with a triangular apex.
Measurements (in mm). Female (paratype): Total body length: 4.14; length of head without neck: 0.56; width across eyes: 0.44; interocular distance: 0.27; length of postocular part of head: 0.24; length of anteocular part of head: 0.31; lengths of antennal segments: I – 2.36, II – 0.60, III – 0.56, IV – 0.98; lengths of labial segments: II – 0.36, III – 0.22, IV – 0.20; length of pronotum along midline: 0.38; length of anterior lobe along midline: 0.38; greatest width of anterior lobe: 0.47; length of posterior lobe along midline: 0.07; length of fore coxa: 1.16; length of fore femur: 1.22; greatest width of fore femur: 0.11; length of fore tibia: 0.89; length of fore tarsus: 0.31; length of mid femur: 2.66; length of mid tibia: 3.65; length of mid tarsus: 0.22; length of hind femur: 3.45; length of hind tibia: 5.83; length of hind tarsus: 0.33.
Etymology. The name of the new species is the latinized form of the Greek noun φάντασμα, which means ‘ghost’, referring to the transparent, phantom-like appearance of the species. Noun in apposition.
Habitat. The type locality is an abandoned human-made water mine locally known as ‘La Federica’, whose fauna and biological attributes have been described in detail in Suárez, Martín & Naranjo (2018) and Naranjo et al. (2018). The mine is divided in two parts: a west sector, in which oxygen levels are low and CO 2 is always higher than 10,000 ppm, and an east sector, in which the relative humidity is about 85%, but air conditions are more similar to those of the surface. All individuals of C. phantasma sp. nov. were hand collected from the floor of the east sector (Fig. 14), about 150 metres from the mine entrance. The landscape surrounding the mine consists of degraded thermo-sclerophyllous woodland, of Pistacia lentiscus L. and Olea cerasiformis Rivas-Mart. & del Arco.
description: Published as part of Davranoglou, Leonidas-Romanos, Baňař, Petr, Suárez, Daniel, Martín, Sonia & Naranjo, Manuel, 2022, A new cavernicolous assassin bug from the Canary Islands (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae: Collartidini), pp. 342-360 in Zootaxa 5115 (3) on pages 343-352, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5115.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/6358336