cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Models of genetic drift as limiting forms of the Lotka-Volterra competition model
Creators: name: Constable, George W. A.
name: McKane, Alan J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relationship between the Moran model and stochastic Lotka-Volterra competition (SLVC) model is explored via timescale separation arguments. For neutral systems the two are found to be equivalent at long times. For systems with selective pressure, their behavior differs. It is argued that the SLVC is preferable to the Moran model since in the SLVC population size is regulated by competition, rather than arbitrarily fixed as in the Moran model. As a consequence, ambiguities found in the Moran model associated with the introduction of more complex processes, such as selection, are avoided.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
AIUK Data Hazard Labels Case Study: Hypothetical data science proposal submitted to research ethics committee
Creators: name: Kherroubi Garcia, Ismael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: data ethics
synthetic data
case study
research ethics
AI governance

description: Hypothetical research proposal to be used as a prompt for ethical reflection in the context of data science. This proposal is adapted from Patermann et al. (2022) and, in it, it is proposed that a hackathon be used to develop a model for generating synthetic data about iodide levels on sea surfaces. This poster was presented at AI UK 2023.
description: {"references": ["Chance, R.J., Tinel, L., Sherwen, T. et al. Global sea-surface iodide observations, 1967\u20132018. Sci Data 6, 286 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-019-0288-y", "Chance, R., A. R. Baker, L. Carpenter, and T. D. Jickells, 2014: The distribution of iodide at the sea surface. Environ. Sci. Process. Impacts, 16, 1841-1859.", "Patermann, M. et al. (2022) Looking before we leap Expanding ethical review processes for AI and data science research, online: https://www.adalovelaceinstitute.org /report/looking- before-we-leap/"]}
Between- and Within-Child Level Associations between Externalizing and Internalizing Problems in a Nationally Representative Sample of U.S. Elementary School Children
Creators: name: Oh, Yoonkyung
name: Zucker, Tricia
name: Morgan, Paul
name: Greenberg, Mark T.
name: Landry, Susan
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: Analyze the ECLS-K: 2011 to examine the longitudinal associations between externalizing and internalizing problems
Do 2D and 3D visualisations in a 3D virtual environment enhance understanding and decision-making? Evidence from preparers and users of sustainability information
Creators: name: Muhammad, Awn
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: This study investigates the potential utility of new data visualisation technologies in a social and environmental accounting context. The study utilises a leading game engine (Unreal Engine 4) to explore whether preparers and users of sustainability reports believe that 2D and 3D sustainability information visualisations presented in a 3D virtual environment enhance understanding and decision-making. The study also explores how game engine technology can be optimised for future sustainability reporting initiatives. Data visualisation has been widely shown to improve decision-making, but prior research in financial accounting and social and environmental accounting has predominately focused on data visualisation as a tool for impression management. Moreover, although 3D visualisations have been found to be helpful in multiple fields, they have received little attention in an accounting context. The present study is informed by visual perception theory, which draws on cognitive science to explain the effectiveness of data visualisations, though there is still theoretical uncertainty as to the likely utility of 3D data visualisations. This study uses an extension of the photo-elicitation method, an innovation on prior studies as these have typically used an experimental research design. Photo-elicitation traditionally involves presenting photographs to elicit responses from interview participants and was extended in the present study by exposing participants to three data visualisation stimuli (numerical sustainability data and 2D charts, 2D charts in a 3D environment and 3D charts in a 3D environment) and eliciting responses to each stimulus. Twelve interviews were conducted with social and environmental accounting report researchers, preparers and users. A key finding is that although participants reported some advantages of translating 2D charts and graphs into 3D visualisations—primarily in relation to the potential to show greater contextual information and move around the visualisations—these were generally outweighed by the disadvantages of viewing distortion and a slower interface, especially for expert users of information. Participants believed that the optimal use of current 3D visualisation technology would not be an alternative to traditional sustainability reporting but could be a powerful tool for educating novice users, particularly if it was interactive and facilitated community experiences.
Quantum Simulation of Dissipative Processes without Reservoir Engineering
Creators: name: Di Candia, R.
name: Pedernales, J. S.
name: del Campo, A.
name: Solano, E.
name: Casanova, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a quantum algorithm to simulate general finite dimensional Lindblad master equations without the requirement of engineering the system-environment interactions. The proposed method is able to simulate both Markovian and non-Markovian quantum dynamics. It consists in the quantum computation of the dissipative corrections to the unitary evolution of the system of interest, via the reconstruction of the response functions associated with the Lindblad operators. Our approach is equally applicable to dynamics generated by effectively non-Hermitian Hamiltonians. We confirm the quality of our method providing specific error bounds that quantify itss accuracy.
description: 7 pages + Supplemental Material (6 pages)
Understanding spin Hall effect in two-dimensional fermionic systems with generic spin-orbit interaction
Creators: name: Paul, Boudhayan
name: Ghosh, Tarun Kanti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We delve into spin Hall effect in generic spin-orbit coupled two-dimensional fermionic systems. We derive analytically the spin-orbit force responsible for the spin Hall effect, and find that it has `Lorentz force'-like form. We also derive the pseudo magnetic field responsible for this force. We establish the relation between the spin Hall conductivity, flux quanta and this pseudo magnetic field, similar to the one between charge Hall conductivity, flux quanta and the external field. We also present an exact closed-form expression of the spin Hall conductivity in a generic spin-orbit coupled system. Depending on the dimensionality of the spin-orbit interactions, the spin Hall conductivity depends on different combinations of Rashba parameter and fermion density.
description: 4.5 pages, no figures
Understanding scaling through history-dependent processes with collapsing sample space
Creators: name: Corominas-Murtra, Bernat
name: Hanel, Rudolf
name: Thurner, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: History-dependent processes are ubiquitous in natural and social systems. Many such stochastic processes, especially those that are associated with complex systems, become more constrained as they unfold, meaning that their sample-space, or their set of possible outcomes, reduces as they age. We demonstrate that these sample-space reducing (SSR) processes necessarily lead to Zipf's law in the rank distributions of their outcomes. We show that by adding noise to SSR processes the corresponding rank distributions remain exact power-laws, $p(x)\sim x^{-λ}$, where the exponent directly corresponds to the mixing ratio of the SSR process and noise. This allows us to give a precise meaning to the scaling exponent in terms of the degree to how much a given process reduces its sample-space as it unfolds. Noisy SSR processes further allow us to explain a wide range of scaling exponents in frequency distributions ranging from $α= 2$ to $\infty$. We discuss several applications showing how SSR processes can be used to understand Zipf's law in word frequencies, and how they are related to diffusion processes in directed networks, or ageing processes such as in fragmentation processes. SSR processes provide a new alternative to understand the origin of scaling in complex systems without the recourse to multiplicative, preferential, or self-organised critical processes.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA (published ahead of print April 13, 2015)
Zero-field and time-reserval-symmetry-broken topological phase transitions in graphene
Creators: name: Guassi, Marcos Rafael
name: Diniz, Ginetom Souza
name: Sandler, Nancy
name: Qu, Fanyao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a quantum electronic device based on strained graphene nanoribbon. Mechanical strain, internal exchange field and spin-orbit couplings (SOCs) have been exploited as principle parameters to tune physical properties of the device. We predict a remarkable zero-field topological quantum phase transition between the time-reversal-symmetry broken quantum spin hall (QSH) and quantum anomalous hall (QAH) states, which was previously thought to take place only in the presence of finite magnetic field. We illustrate as intrinsic SOC is tuned, how two different helicity edge states located in the opposite edges of the nanoribbon exchange their locations. Our results indicates that pseudomagnetic field induced by the strain could be coupled to the spin degrees of freedom through the SOC responsible for the stability of QSH state. The controllability of this zero-field phase transition with strength and direction of the strain is also demonstrated. Our prediction offers a tempting prospect of strain, electric and magnetic manipulation of the QSH effect.
Stress-structure relation in dense colloidal melt under forward and instantaneous reversal of shear
Creators: name: Bhattacharjee, Amit Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dense supercooled colloidal melt in forward shear from a quiescent state shows overshoot in shear stress at 10% strain with an unchanged fluid structure at equal stress before and after overshoot. In addition, we find overshoot in normal stress with a monotonic increase in osmotic pressure at an identical strain. The first and second normal stress become comparable in magnitude and opposite in sign. Functional dependence of the steady state stress and osmotic pressure with Peclet number demonstrate signature of crossover between Newtonian and nearly- Newtonian regime. Moreover, instantaneous shear reversal from steady state exhibit Bauschinger effect, where strong history dependence is observed depending on the time of flow reversal. The distribution of particulate stress and osmotic pressure at the point of flow reversal is shown to be a signature of the subsequent response. We link the history dependence of the stress-strain curves to changes in the fluid structure measured through the angular components of the radial distribution function. A uniform compression in transition from forward to reversed flowing state is found.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Convergence Analysis for a Finite Element Approximation of a Steady Model for Electrorheological Fluids
Creators: name: Berselli, Luigi C.
name: Breit, Dominic
name: Diening, Lars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we study the finite element approximation of systems of $p(\cdot)$-Stokes type, where $p(\cdot)$ is a (non constant) given function of the space variables. We derive --in some cases optimal-- error estimates for finite element approximation of the velocity and of the pressure, in a suitable functional setting.
Dimension-six anomalous $tqγ$ couplings in $γγ$ collision at the LHC
Creators: name: İnan, S. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the flavor changing top quark physics on the dimension-six anomalous $tqγ$ ($q=u,c$) couplings through the process $pp\to pγγp\to p t\bar{q}p$ at the LHC by considering different forward detector acceptances. In this paper, we have taken into account and examine the effects of top quark decay. The sensitivity bounds on the anomalous couplings and, $t\to qγ$ branching ratio have been obtained at the $95\%$ confidence level for the effective lagrangian approach. Besides, we have investigated the effect of the anomalous couplings on single top quark spin asymmetry.
description: 24 pages, 8 figures. This version matches the published version in Nucl.Phys.B
DÁN TAZALAW MASHINASINIŃ TUYEKLEWSHI VALIKLERINIŃ DÁNLI ARALASPANI QAMRAP ALIWIN ÚYRENIW HÁM OLARDIŃ DIAMETRIN ANIQLAW
Creators: name: Allaniyazov, Satniyaz
name: Tolibayev, Insapbay
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Awıl xojalıǵında fermerlik háreketiniń rawaj tabıwı, jer resurslarınan nátiyjeli paydalanıw agrotexnikalıq processlerdi orınlawda bolıp atırǵan sarp etiw-ǵárejetlerdi azayıwın támiyinleydi. Awıl xojalıǵında isletilineip atırǵan traktorlar hám awıl xojalıǵı mashinalarınıń rawajlanıwlasıp barıwı da texnologiyalıq processlerge bir qatar jańalıqlardı kirgiziwdi talap etpekte. Bul maqalada dán tazalaw mashinasınıń tuyeklewshi hámliklerining dànli qospanı qamrap alıwın úyreniw hám olardıń diametrin anıqlaw haqqında saz ásbapları júrgizilgen.
Conceptualising patient pathways for neglected tropical diseases in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic scoping review protocol
Creators: name: Frischer, Sandrena Ruth
name: Goylette F. Chami
name: Parker, Michael
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Medical Humanities
subject: Bioethics and Medical Ethics
subject: Public Health
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: International and Area Studies
subject: ntds
subject: patient pathways
subject: sub-saharan africa
subject: referrals
subject: neglected tropical diseases
subject: scoping review
subject: care continuity

description: Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) disproportionately impact the poorest and most marginalized populations, with 90% of the global NTD disease burden in sub-Saharan Africa. Providing care for NTDs requires ongoing engagement with the care continuum, yet there is a paucity of research on NTD patient pathways. Patient pathways are a framework to conceptualize how a person may seek and receive care for a specific health condition through the health system. Within patient pathways, referrals may be used to facilitate continuity of care between diagnosis and treatment. In low-resource, NTD-endemic settings in SSA, patient pathways for management of chronic infectious diseases may be fragmented, requiring continued engagement with overburdened, under-resourced, and insufficiently integrated primary care clinics as the first point of contact with the health system. As the global health agenda continues to emphasize Universal Health Coverage and systems-based solutions for global health inequity, it is important to understand how NTD care fits into the health system and develop health systems-informed, patient-centred perspectives of NTD care continuity. This systematic scoping review will synthesise evidence on patient pathways for managing NTDs in SSA to derive NTD patient pathways. By understanding the factors that facilitate NTD care continuity, this review will expand on prior research on barriers and enablers to NTD health-seeking and expose potential obstacles along the care continuum during NTD research and management in SSA to ultimately enable further research on NTDs.
Phonon-modulated magnetic interactions and spin Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid in the p-orbital antiferromagnet CsO2
Creators: name: Klanjsek, M.
name: Arcon, D.
name: Sans, A.
name: Adler, P.
name: Jansen, M.
name: Felser, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic response of antiferromagnetic CsO2, coming from the p-orbital S=1/2 spins of anionic O2- molecules, is followed by 133Cs nuclear magnetic resonance across the structural phase transition occuring at Ts1=61 K on cooling. Above Ts1, where spins form a square magnetic lattice, we observe a huge, nonmonotonic temperature dependence of the exchange coupling originating from thermal librations of O2- molecules. Below Ts1, where antiferromagnetic spin chains are formed as a result of p-orbital ordering, we observe a spin Tomonaga-Luttinger-liquid behavior of spin dynamics. These two interesting phenomena, which provide rare simple manifestations of the coupling between spin, lattice and orbital degrees of freedom, establish CsO2 as a model system for molecular solids.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures (with Supplemental Material), to appear in Physical Review Letters
Impact of neutrino flavor oscillations on the neutrino-driven wind nucleosynthesis of an electron-capture supernova
Creators: name: Pllumbi, Else
name: Tamborra, Irene
name: Wanajo, Shinya
name: Janka, H. -Thomas
name: Huedepohl, Lorenz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutrino oscillations, especially to light sterile states, can affect the nucleosynthesis yields because of their possible feedback effect on the electron fraction (Ye). For the first time, we perform nucleosynthesis calculations for neutrino-driven wind trajectories from the neutrino-cooling phase of an 8.8 Msun electron-capture supernova, whose hydrodynamic evolution was computed in spherical symmetry with sophisticated neutrino transport and whose Ye evolution was post-processed by including neutrino oscillations both between active and active-sterile flavors. We also take into account the alpha-effect as well as weak magnetism and recoil corrections in the neutrino absorption and emission processes. We observe effects on the Ye evolution which depend in a subtle way on the relative radial positions of the sterile MSW resonances, of collective flavor transformations, and on the formation of alpha particles. For the adopted supernova progenitor, we find that neutrino oscillations, also to a sterile state with eV-mass, do not significantly affect the element formation and in particular cannot make the post-explosion wind outflow neutron rich enough to activate a strong r-process. Our conclusions become even more robust when, in order to mimic equation-of-state dependent corrections due to nucleon potential effects in the dense-medium neutrino opacities, six cases with reduced Ye in the wind are considered. In these cases, despite the conversion of active neutrinos to sterile neutrinos, Ye increases or is not significantly lowered compared to the values obtained without oscillations and active flavor transformations. This is a consequence of a complicated interplay between sterile-neutrino production, neutrino-neutrino interactions, and alpha-effect.
description: 19 pages, 12 figures; accepted for publication by ApJ
Injectable Hydrogels in Pulp-Dentin Regeneration - A Scoping Review
Creators: name: Preethi
name: Nivedhitha MS
name: Sekar, Vinothkumar Thilla
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Dentistry
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Endodontics and Endodontology

description: Scoping Review
Unpacking Students' Use of Mathematics in Upper-division Physics
Creators: name: Caballero, Marcos D.
name: Wilcox, Bethany R.
name: Doughty, Leanne
name: Pollock, Steven J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In their study of physics beyond the first year of University -- termed upper-division in the US, many of students' primary learning opportunities come from working long, complex back-of-the-book style problems, and from trying to develop an understanding of the underlying physics through solving such problems. Some of the research at the upper-division focuses on how students use mathematics in these problems, and what challenges students encounter along the way. There are a number of different and diverse research studies on students' use of mathematics in the upper-division. These typically utilize one of two broad approaches, with some researchers primarily seeking out and addressing challenges students face, and others working chiefly to unpack students' in-the-moment reasoning. In this paper, we present and discuss both approaches, and then review research efforts that strive to connect these two approaches in order to make sense of students' use of mathematics as well as to uncover particular challenges that students encounter. These recent efforts represent a small step towards synthesizing the two approaches, which we argue is necessary to more meaningfully impact student learning at the upper-division. We close our review and discussion with suggested refinements for future research questions for the physics education research community to consider while it works to understand how students use math in upper-division courses.
description: 28 pages, 1 figure, accepted to Eur. J. Phys
Fermi-LAT observations of the Sagittarius B complex
Creators: name: Yang, Rui-zhi
name: Jones, David I.
name: Aharonian, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. We use 5 years of Fermi-LAT data towards the Galactic-centre giant molecular cloud complex, Sagittarius B, to test questions of how well-mixed the Galactic component of cosmic rays are and what the level of the cosmic-ray sea in different parts of the Galaxy is. Methods. We use dust-opacity maps from the Planck satellite to obtain independent methods for background subtraction and an estimate for the mass of the region. We then present high-quality spectra of gamma-ray emission from 0.3 to 30 GeV and obtain an estimate of the cosmic-ray spectrum from the region. Results. We obtain an estimate of the mass of the region of $1.5 \pm 0.2 \times 10^7~\rm M_{\odot}$ using the Planck data, which agrees well with molecular-line-derived estimates for the same region. We find the the gamma-ray flux from this region is fitted well with a cosmic-ray spectrum that is the same as is observed locally, with evidence of a small over-density at intermediate (1-10 GeV) energies. Conclusions. We conclude that the gamma-ray and cosmic-ray spectrum in the region can be well-fitted using a local cosmic-ray spectrum.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, accepted by A&A
A Free N = 2 Supersymmetric System: Novel Symmetries
Creators: name: Krishna, S.
name: Malik, R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a set of novel discrete symmetries of a free N = 2 supersymmetric (SUSY) quantum mechanical system which is the limiting case of a widely-studied interacting SUSY model of a charged particle constrained to move on a sphere in the background of a Dirac magnetic monopole. The usual continuous symmetries of this model provide the physical realization of the de Rham cohomological operators of differential geometry. The interplay between the novel discrete symmetries and usual continuous symmetries leads to the physical realization of relationship between the (co-)exterior derivatives of differential geometry. We have also exploited the supervariable approach to derive the nilpotent N = 2 SUSY symmetries of the theory and provided the geometrical origin and interpretation for the nilpotency property. Ultimately, our present study (based on innate symmetries) proves that our free N = 2 SUSY example is a tractable model for the Hodge theory.
description: LaTeX file, 12 pages, Journal reference is given
Comparative efficacy of different strategies in improving attendance in GI lab: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Majzoub, Abdul
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Medical Specialties
subject: Gastroenterology

description: No show up to scheduled appointments in GI lab continues to be a significant problem that affects patient care. In this systematic review and meta-analysis we will study different strategies that help improving attendance to scheduled appointment in GI lab.
Radically Inclusive Pedagogy and Praxis
Creators: name: Hallerman, Danie Jules
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Although the current definition exists at the intersection of critical pedagogy, disability studies, critical race theory, critical embodiment pedagogy, feminism, cultural rhetoric, expressivism, and queer theory, as it stands now, radical inclusive pedagogy has few, if any, identifiable, distinctive qualities of its own. The pedagogies and theories from which radically inclusive pedagogy draws from speak to the mind, the body, and the spirit separately, or will focus on two aspects while neglecting the third. As I envision it for the classroom practice I have designed and would like others to adopt, radically inclusive pedagogy addresses the mind (embracing students’ knowledge, cultures, and languages), the body (recognizing the need for accessibility and individualistic inclusion), and the spirit (offering compassion and understanding) and has the potential to respond to contemporary concerns of accessibility, language, racism, and multiculturalism that affect every classroom. This project intends to not only fill in the gaps where the definition and praxis for radically inclusive pedagogy lack but also demonstrate how this pedagogy looks within the classroom every day with an emphasis on addressing language in the classroom.
Lattice distortion and atomic displacements during the fcc/bcc martensitic transformation
Creators: name: Cayron, Cyril
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From our previous models of martensitic transformation, the continuous matrices of atomic displacements and lattice deformations from face-centred-cubic (fcc) to body centred-cubic (bcc) phases are calculated in agreement with different possible final orientation relationships, such as Bain, Pitsch and Kurdjumov-Sachs (KS). The angular distortion introduced in the calculations appears a natural order parameter of transition. The distortion corresponding to KS is the only one that respects the parallelism of a dense direction and of a dense plane of both the fcc and bcc phases. This paper gives an alternative to the classical crystallographic theories and shear concepts associated to martensitic transformations.
THE MODERN CHARACTERISTICS OF USING THE SPIRITUAL HERITAGE OF JADIDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE OF PRIMARY CLASS TEACHERS
Creators: name: Otajanov, Islom
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This article examines the modern features of using the spiritual heritage of the ancients in the development of the professional competence of primary school teachers. The educational ideas of the ancients, their importance in the educational process, and the methods of applying this heritage in today's education are analyzed. The article examines the pedagogical approaches of effective use of the heritage of the past in improving the professional skills of teachers, the relevance of spiritual education in primary education, and methods aimed at forming a sense of national identity in students.
Diverse Structural Evolution at z > 1 in Cosmologically Simulated Galaxies
Creators: name: Snyder, Gregory F.
name: Lotz, Jennifer
name: Moody, Christopher
name: Peth, Michael
name: Freeman, Peter
name: Ceverino, Daniel
name: Primack, Joel
name: Dekel, Avishai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From mock Hubble Space Telescope images, we quantify non-parametric statistics of galaxy morphology, thereby predicting the emergence of relationships among stellar mass, star formation, and observed rest-frame optical structure at 1 < z < 3. We measure automated diagnostics of galaxy morphology in cosmological simulations of the formation of 22 central galaxies with 9.3 < log10 M_*/M_sun < 10.7. These high-spatial-resolution zoom-in calculations enable accurate modeling of the rest-frame UV and optical morphology. Even with small numbers of galaxies, we find that structural evolution is neither universal nor monotonic: galaxy interactions can trigger either bulge or disc formation, and optically bulge-dominated galaxies at this mass may not remain so forever. Simulated galaxies with M_* > 10^10 M_sun contain relatively more disc-dominated light profiles than those with lower mass, reflecting significant disc brightening in some haloes at 1 < z < 2. By this epoch, simulated galaxies with specific star formation rates below 10^-9.7 yr^-1 are more likely than normal star-formers to have a broader mix of structural types, especially at M_* > 10^10 M_sun. We analyze a cosmological major merger at z ~ 1.5 and find that the newly proposed MID morphology diagnostics trace later merger stages while G-M20 trace earlier ones. MID is sensitive also to clumpy star-forming discs. The observability time of typical MID-enhanced events in our simulation sample is less than 100 Myr. A larger sample of cosmological assembly histories may be required to calibrate such diagnostics in the face of their sensitivity to viewing angle, segmentation algorithm, and various phenomena such as clumpy star formation and minor mergers.
description: 23 pages, 16 figures, MNRAS accepted version
Industrialization of Agriculture: Trends, Spatial Patterns, and Implications for Field-Level Application by the Natural Resources Conservation Service
Creators: name: Molnar, Joseph J.
name: Hoban, Thomas
name: Parrish, Jerry D.
name: Futreal, Michael
name: Molnar, Joseph J.
name: Hoban, Thomas
name: Parrish, Jerry D.
name: Futreal, Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty
Industrial Organization
Labor and Human Capital
Livestock Production/Industries
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Objectives of the Report: The central objective is to provide county-based mappings of the industrialization of agriculture - specifically increases in hog rearing, beef cattle raising, poultry production, and timber cutting. Subsequent sections provide a context for understanding recent changes in the organization and structure of agricultural and forestry Industries. The United States county data examined here portray several aspects of the structure of various animal Industries. First, counties with more than ten farms in the largest agricultural census size category in each industry are identified on U.S. county maps. Second, counties that have added more than ten farms in the largest size category between 1982 and 1992 are identified. Finally, changes in the industrialization of the various animal and forest industries are linked to the presence of poor and minority populations, as well as population change. Maps show counties with more than ten large farms in each industry that are in the upper quartile of counties with Black, Hispanic, American Indian, and poverty populations, as well as in the highest category of 1980-92 population change. Industrialized forestry is described in terms of the counties with the greatest number of industrial forest acres as estimated by U.S. Forest Service survey data.
Modeling SNR G1.9+0.3 as a Supernova Inside a Planetary Nebula
Creators: name: Tsebrenko, Danny
name: Soker, Noam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using 3D numerical hydrodynamical simulations we show that a type Ia supernova (SN Ia) explosion inside a planetary nebula (PN) can explain the observed shape of the G1.9+0.3 supernova remnant (SNR) and its X-ray morphology. The SNR G1.9+0.3 morphology can be generally described as a sphere with two small and incomplete lobes protruding on opposite sides of the SNR, termed "ears", a structure resembling many elliptical PNe. Observations show the synchrotron X-ray emission to be much stronger inside the two ears than in the rest of the SNR. We numerically show that a spherical SN Ia explosion into a circumstellar matter (CSM) with the structure of an elliptical PN with ears and clumps embedded in the ears can explain the X-ray properties of SNR G1.9+0.3. While the ejecta has already collided with the PN shell in most of the SNR and its forward shock has been slowed down, the ejecta is still advancing inside the ears. The fast forward shock inside the ears explains the stronger X-ray emission there. SN Ia inside PNe (SNIPs) seem to comprise a non-negligible fraction of resolved SN Ia remnants.
description: Revised version. 19 pages, 8 figures. Accepted to MNRAS
University Students’ Experiences During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Australia
Creators: name: Ali, Sytuha Binta
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: Background COVID-19 and various preventive public health measures have caused tremendous changes in university students’ lives, with diverse negative impacts worldwide. All these have imposed extra challenges on various determinants of health in this vulnerable group. It is essential to address students’ perspectives on their experiences and needs to identify their priority area to form proper support. This research will add to the growing literature related to COVID-19 in Australia and explore the experiences of diverse Australian university students, including international students. Aim To explore and understand the experiences of university students during the COVID-19 pandemic and evaluate the homesickness level among international students. Methods A mixed method study consists of a quantitative survey and a qualitative study were conducted at Macquarie university. The cross-sectional quantitative study was a part of a larger research study, and homesickness questions were asked only of the international students. A slightly modified version of the Utrecht Homesickness Scale was used to assess homesickness, and statistical software Stata was used to analyse the data. The qualitative study was conducted later and was informed by the larger quantitative survey results. Semistructured interviews were used in this second study and participants were recruited from the initial cohort. In this study the experiences of the university students during COVID-19 were explored, and reflexive thematic analysis was conducted. Results In the quantitative study, among 44 international students, most of the students missed their family very often or always More than half of the students ruminate about their home very often or always. In the qualitative study, 13 university students were recruited. A total of seven themes were identified, comprising learning experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic; the impact of COVID-19 on work-life and financial challenges; COVID-19 and students’ physical health; negative emotions and mental health; COVID-19 and social factors; barriers to seeking help and assistance; and support during COVID-19. Conclusion The study contributes to our understanding of university students’ concerns, needs, and priority areas that require proper support. The first study showed a high level of homesickness among international students studying at an Australian university, which added an extra stressor during COVID-19. The second study captured students’ concerns and challenges that impacted their capability to reach academic goals. Recommendations are drawn from the findings to improve online learning experiences, social connectivity, communication and support which will guide future strategies of universities to maximise support for their students.
Orbital-driven melting of a bosonic Mott insulator in a shaken optical lattice
Creators: name: Sträter, Christoph
name: Eckardt, André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to study the interplay between localized and dispersive orbital states in a system of ultracold atoms in an optical lattice, we investigate the possibility to coherently couple the lowest two Bloch bands by means of resonant periodic forcing. Considering bosons in one dimension, it is shown that a strongly interacting Floquet system can be realized, where at every lattice site two (and only two) near-degenerate orbital states are relevant. By smoothly tuning both states into resonance we find that the system can undergo an orbital-driven Mott-insulator-to-superfluid transition. As an intriguing consequence of the kinetic frustration in the system, this transition can be either continuous or first-order, depending on parameters such as lattice depth and filling.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Modeling social actions in relationships as recursive inference
Creators: name: Saxe, Rebecca
name: Hung, Michelle S
name: Thomas, Ashley J.
name: Tenenbaum, Joshua
name: Radkani, Setayesh
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: In this project, we explore the idea that people view food sharing actions as “bids” to reveal the type and closeness of a relationship. We use a modified Rational Speech Act framework to model the recursive inferences that food sharing interactions allow.
Optimal number of terms in QED series and its consequence in condensed matter implementations of QED
Creators: name: Kolomeisky, Eugene B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In 1952 Dyson put forward a simple and powerful argument indicating that the perturbative expansions of QED are asymptotic. His argument can be related to Chandrasekhar's limit on the mass of a star for stability against gravitational collapse. Combining these two arguments we estimate the optimal number of terms of the QED series to be $3.1(137)^{3/2}\approx5000$. For condensed matter manifestations of QED in narrow band-gap semiconductors and Weyl semimetals the optimal number of terms is around $80$ while in graphene the utility of the perturbation theory is severely limited.
description: 10 pages, minor changes, version to be published in PRA. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1309.6894
$\mathbb{A}^1$-connected varieties over non-closed fields
Creators: name: Chen, Qile
name: Zhu, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14G05, 14M22

description: In this paper, we proved two results regarding the arithmetics of separably $\mathbb{A}^1$-connected varieties of rank one. First we proved over a large field, there is an $\mathbb{A}^1$-curve through any rational point of the boundary, if the boundary divisor is smooth and separably rationally connected. Secondly, we generalize a theorem of Hassett-Tschinkel for the Zariski density of integral points over function fields of curves.
description: 11 pages; final version; to appear in Mathematische Annalen
Updated reduced CMB data and constraints on cosmological parameters
Creators: name: Cai, Rong-Gen
name: Guo, Zong-Kuan
name: Tang, Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain the reduced CMB data $\{l_A, R, z_*\}$ from WMAP9, WMAP9+BICEP2, Planck+WP and Planck+WP+BICEP2 for the $Λ$CDM and $w$CDM models with or without spatial curvature. We then use these reduced CMB data in combination with low-redshift observations to put constraints on cosmological parameters. We find that including BICEP2 results in a higher value of the Hubble constant especially when the equation of state of dark energy and curvature are allowed to vary. For the $Λ$CDM model with curvature, the estimate of the Hubble constant with Planck+WP+Lensing is inconsistent with the one derived from Planck+WP+BICEP at about 1.3 $σ$ confidence level.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1312.4309
title: Decolonizing Memory: Erasure and Resurgence of Indigenous History in the Intermountain West
Creators: name: Wilson, Chase
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2023

description: Decolonizing language, memory, and history is an important step in confronting dominant historical narratives in higher education and the general public. This paper focuses on the settlement of the US Intermountain West – where the violent roots of white settlement have been downplayed in the public historical consciousness through the dominant narrative of "pioneer heritage." Beginning with a study of Ogden, Utah, early histories of the area are reexamined, analyzing the contexts in which Native peoples are mentioned (or not) in order to understand their presence by the turn of the twentieth century. Next, my focus moves on to analysis of historical markers in northern Utah and southern Idaho. This chapter examines the influence of the Daughters of Utah Pioneers (DUP) and Indigenous nations upon the ways we collectively remember the violence of settlement, and how it is memorialized in the Intermountain region. I highlight the Bear River Massacre as a case study of the ongoing preservation of memory. Chapter three, guided by Indigenous knowledge and histories through an oral interview with Northwestern Band of Shoshone Nation elder and leader, Darren Parry, highlights the work of the NWB in reclaiming their history and their connection to the Intermountain West. Sources include the published history of Weber County, Utah; published and oral histories from the NWB of Shoshone Nation; an unpublished memoir from the settlement period of Ogden; historic monuments and memorials in physical space from the Historical Marker Database; and an oral interview with Darren Parry. This thesis compares and contrasts the preservation of history as it pertains to settlers and Indigenous peoples in an attempt to "decolonize" the history of the Intermountain West. This work decenters white, pioneer narratives while illuminating and uplifting Indigenous ones. In doing this, I make the case for the benefits of decolonizing memory and public history; that providing accessible public history through an Indigenous and decolonial lens – violence and all – is a meaningful way to begin healing and reconciliation with our Indigenous brothers and sisters in addition to providing education for future generations.
Linearized iterative least-squares (LIL): A parameter fitting algorithm for component separation in multifrequency CMB experiments such as Planck
Creators: name: Khatri, Rishi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an efficient algorithm for the least squares parameter fitting optimized for component separation in multi-frequency CMB experiments. We sidestep some of the problems associated with non-linear optimization by taking advantage of the quasi-linear nature of the foreground model. We demonstrate our algorithm, linearized iterative least-squares (LIL), on the publicly available Planck sky model FFP6 simulations and compare our result with the other algorithms. We work at full Planck resolution and show that degrading the resolution of all channels to that of the lowest frequency channel is not necessary. Finally we present results for the publicly available Planck data. Our algorithm is extremely fast, fitting 6 parameters to 7 lowest Planck channels at full resolution (50 million pixels) in less than 160 CPU-minutes (or few minutes running in parallel on few tens of cores). LIL is therefore easily scalable to future experiments which may have even higher resolution and more frequency channels. We also naturally propagate the uncertainties in different parameters due to noise in the maps as well as degeneracies between the parameters to the final errors on the parameters using Fisher matrix. One indirect application of LIL could be a front-end for Bayesian parameter fitting to find the maximum of the likelihood to be used as the starting point for the Gibbs sampling. We show for rare components, such as the carbon-monoxide emission, present in small fraction of sky, the optimal approach should combine parameter fitting with model selection. LIL may also be useful in other astrophysical applications which satisfy the quasi-linearity criteria.
description: Accepted version
Wage (In)equality Matters: The Effect of Organizational Economic Inequality on Others’ and Self-Ascriptions
Creators: name: Moya, Miguel
name: Moreno-Bella, Eva
name: Kulich, Clara
name: Willis, Guillermo B.
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: This is a registration of the project "Wage (In)equality Matters: The Effect of Organizational Economic Inequality on Others’ and Self-Ascriptions"
Monoidal functional dependencies
Creators: name: Vychodil, Vilem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.2.4; F.4.1
subject: 68P15, 03B52, 03G10

description: We present a complete logic for reasoning with functional dependencies (FDs) with semantics defined over classes of commutative integral partially ordered monoids and complete residuated lattices. The dependencies allow us to express stronger relationships between attribute values than the ordinary FDs. In our setting, the dependencies not only express that certain values are determined by others but also express that similar values of attributes imply similar values of other attributes. We show complete axiomatization using a system of Armstrong-like rules, comment on related computational issues, and the relational vs. propositional semantics of the dependencies.