cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
SEQUENTIAL INFORMATION ACQUISITION AND DECISION MAKING IN DESIGN CONTESTS: THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES
Creators: name: Shergadwala, Murtuza N
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2020
Subjects: Decision making
Engineering design

description: The primary research question of this dissertation is, \textit{How do contestants make sequential design decisions under the influence of competition?} To address this question, I study the influence of three factors, that can be controlled by the contest organizers, on the contestants' sequential information acquisition and decision-making behaviors. These factors are (i) a contestant's domain knowledge, (ii) framing of a design problem, and (iii) information about historical contests. The \textit{central hypothesis} is that by conducting controlled behavioral experiments we can acquire data of contestant behaviors that can be used to calibrate computational models of contestants' sequential decision-making behaviors, thereby, enabling predictions about the design outcomes. The behavioral results suggest that (i) contestants better understand problem constraints and generate more feasible design solutions when a design problem is framed in a domain-specific context as compared to a domain-independent context, (ii) contestants' efforts to acquire information about a design artifact to make design improvements are significantly affected by the information provided to them about their opponent who is competing to achieve the same objectives, and (iii) contestants make information acquisition decisions such as when to stop acquiring information, based on various criteria such as the number of resources, the target objective value, and the observed amount of improvement in their design quality. Moreover, the threshold values of such criteria are influenced by the information the contestants have about their opponent. The results imply that (i) by understanding the influence of an individual's domain knowledge and framing of a problem we can provide decision-support tools to the contestants in engineering design contexts to better acquire problem-specific information (ii) we can enable contest designers to decide what information to share to improve the quality of the design outcomes of design contest, and (iii) from an educational standpoint, we can enable instructors to provide students with accurate assessments of their domain knowledge by understanding students' information acquisition and decision making behaviors in their design projects. The \textit{primary contribution} of this dissertation is the computational models of an individual's sequential decision-making process that incorporate the behavioral results discussed above in competitive design scenarios. Moreover, a framework to conduct factorial investigations of human decision making through a combination of theory and behavioral experimentation is illustrated.
sj-pdf-1-jah-10.1177_08982643211028121 – Supplemental Material for Widening Socioeconomic Disparities in Pain and Physical Function Among Americans Are Linked with Growing Obesity
Creators: name: Glei, Dana A.
name: Stokes, Andrew C.
name: Weinstein, Maxine
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 110306 Endocrinology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110308 Geriatrics and Gerontology
subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplemental Material, sj-pdf-1-jah-10.1177_08982643211028121 for Widening Socioeconomic Disparities in Pain and Physical Function Among Americans Are Linked with Growing Obesity by Dana A. Glei, Andrew C. Stokes and Maxine Weinstei in Journal of Aging and Health
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A SURVEY INSTRUMENT TO MEASURE FORMER MEMBER PERCEPTIONS OF YOUTH DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATIONS
Creators: name: Gunderson, Alee L
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2020
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified
Applied economics not elsewhere classified

description: The purpose of this research was to develop and validate an instrument designed to assess programming of youth development organizations. The instrument can be used by leaders of youth development organizations to monitor the organization’s performance in developing productive and engaged citizens. This research viewed youth development organizations as a microsystem that youth interact with (Bronfenbrenner & Morris, 2006). A complete review of the literature on youth development organizations was conducted to determine the components of positive youth development organizations. The resulting conceptual framework consisted of project, skills and knowledge, community contribution, high-density experiences, environment, non-parental adult, and near-peer role models.
An item pool was developed based on the literature available on youth development organization programming. This item pool was reviewed by experts in youth development organization programming and inclusion. Then the items were entered into two tools to assess grammar and concise language. Third, the items were administered to a small sample then analyzed for correlations and contributions to reliability. Items were eliminated if they correlated too highly with other items and if they did not contribute to the reliability of the scale. Fourth, the items were administered to a broader sample and correlations and reliability measures were analyzed again with more items removed. Finally, the items were administered to another sample and analyzed for multicollinearity and reliability. The final sample took the survey a second time and responses were compared based on paired t-tests to establish test-retest reliability.

The 15-item instrument exhibits appropriate measures of validity and reliability to recommend its usage by youth development organization leaders to evaluation programming. The instrument is parsimonious so leaders can add program-specific questions while avoiding participant fatigue. A complete version of the instrument is available in the appendices.
Additional file 2 of Participatory development of an mHealth intervention delivered in general practice to increase physical activity and reduce sedentary behaviour of patients with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes (ENERGISED)
Creators: name: Novak, Jan
name: Jurkova, Katerina
name: Lojkaskova, Anna
name: Jaklova, Andrea
name: Kuhnova, Jitka
name: Pfeiferova, Marketa
name: Kral, Norbert
name: Janek, Michael
name: Omcirk, Dan
name: Malisova, Katerina
name: Maes, Iris
name: Dyck, Delfien Van
name: Wahlich, Charlotte
name: Ussher, Michael
name: Elavsky, Steriani
name: Cimler, Richard
name: Pelclova, Jana
name: Tufano, James J.
name: Steffl, Michal
name: Seifert, Bohumil
name: Yates, Tom
name: Harris, Tess
name: Vetrovsky, Tomas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 2
A Variability Analysis of Grading Open-Ended Tasks with Rubrics Across Many Graders
Creators: name: Hicks, Nathan M
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2020
Subjects: Education assessment and evaluation

description: Grades serve as one of the primary indicators of student learning, directing subsequent actions for students, instructors, and administrators, alike. Therefore, grade validity—that is, the extent to which grades communicate a meaningful and credible representation of what they purport to measure—is of utmost importance. However, a grade cannot be valid if one cannot trust that it will consistently and reliably result in the same value, regardless of who makes a measure or when they make it. Unfortunately, such reliability becomes increasingly challenging to achieve with larger class sizes, especially when utilizing multiple evaluators, as is often the case with mandatory introductory courses at large universities. Reliability suffers further when evaluating open-ended tasks, as are prevalent in authentic, high-quality engineering coursework.
This study explores grading reliability in the context of a large, multi-section engineering course. Recognizing the number of people involved and the plethora of activities that affect grading outcomes, the study adopts a systems approach to conduct a human reliability analysis using the Functional Resonance Analysis Method. Through this method, a collection of data sources, including course materials and observational interviews with undergraduate teaching assistant graders, are synthesized to produce a general model for how actions vary and affect subsequent actions within the system under study. Using a course assignment and student responses, the model shows how differences in contextual variables affect expected actions within the system. Next, the model is applied to each of the observational interviews with undergraduate teaching assistants to demonstrate how these actions occur in practice and to compare graders to one another and with expected behaviors. These results are further related to the agreement in system outcomes, or grades, assigned by each grader to guide analysis of how actions within the system affect its outcome.

The results of this study connect and elaborate upon previous models of grader cognition by analyzing the phenomenon in engineering, a previously unexplored context. The model presented can be easily generalized and adapted to smaller systems with fewer actors to understand sources of variability and potential threats to outcome reliability. The analysis of observed outcome instantiations guides a set of recommendations for minimizing grading variability.
为什么要为预印本采用 CC BY 许可证?研究人员指南
Creators: name: Creative Commons
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: 预印本
许可
版权
开放获取
开放科学
开放研究
科研
科学

description: 预印本是在正式的同行评审前,发布于在线预印本服务器的科研论文的完整草稿。发表预印本时,您仍是版权持有者,可以自行决定如何为研究授权。本指南旨在阐述为预印本采用 CC BY 许可证的益处。Preprints are complete drafts of scientific research articles posted to an online repository before formal peer review. When you publish a preprint on a preprint server, you remain the copyright holder and can decide how to license your research. This guide explores the benefits of licensing your preprint CC BY.This text was translated to Chinese by Caroline Gu.
News from Egypt: schistosomiasis-associated hepatocellular carcinoma
Creators: name: Tonolini, Massimo
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Liver
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Parasites

description: Clinical History Image Findings Discussion Find Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis
description: male, 47 years
description: Clinical History: Middle-aged Egyptian male, immigrated to Western Europe some years ago, suffering from persistent epigastric pain, dyspepsia and decreased alimentary intake following Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy for gastritis. Despite remote history of H... Final Diagnosis: Schistosomiasis-associated hepatocellular carcinoma
Additional file 1 of Preoperative hemoglobin levels and mortality outcomes after hip fracture patients
Creators: name: Haddad, Bassem I.
name: Hamdan, Mohammad
name: Alshrouf, Mohammad Ali
name: Alzubi, Abdallah
name: Khirsheh, Ahmed
name: Al-Oleimat, Ahmad
name: Aldabaibeh, Mohammad
name: Al-Qaryouti, Rayyan
name: Abulubbad, Waleed
name: Al-Saber, Munther
name: Jabaiti, Mohammad
name: Karam, Abdulrahman M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
DISCOVER-US Vision Paper: distributed computing and swarm intelligence
Creators: name: DISCOVER-US
Publisher: name: DISCOVER-US
Year: 2025

description: This vision paper was produced as part of the DISCOVER-US project and focuses on four main areas.

First, it investigates how to manage complexity through high levels of abstraction, simplifying the interactions within complex computing systems and enabling researchers to work more efficiently. Second, it explores new concepts for distributed computing, the computing continuum, swarm intelligence, and edge intelligent things. By pioneering these concepts, the DISCOVER-US project aims to enhance the functionality and adaptability of systems across various environments.

A third area of focus involves developing AI-based concepts for self-organized, dynamic, and adaptive management. These concepts are designed to endow systems with the ability to respond intelligently to changing conditions, ultimately improving their performance and scalability. Lastly, the initiative promotes the establishment of collaborative programming frameworks and software development tools; these will facilitate design processes, leading to faster innovation cycles.

The paper reflects EU and US researchers’ collective knowledge, experience, and insights, offering a framework for building a robust transatlantic research ecosystem in distributed computing and swarm intelligence.
Additional file 1 of Resveratrol alleviates DSS-induced IBD in mice by regulating the intestinal microbiota-macrophage-arginine metabolism axis
Creators: name: Xu, Xinwei
name: Ocansey, Dickson Kofi Wiredu
name: Pei, Bing
name: Zhang, Yaqin
name: Wang, Naijian
name: Wang, Zengxu
name: Mao, Fei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. A The number of identified metabolites in each chemical classification. B PCA analysis of negative ion mode population samples and quality control samples. C PCA analysis of positive ion mode population samples and quality control samples. D Correlation map of QC samples in negative ion mode. E Correlation map of QC samples in positive ion mode. F Rank abundance curve reflecting species abundance and uniform distribution of species. G Shannon curve indicating that the amount of sequencing data is large enough to reflect the vast majority of microbial information in the samples. H Species accumulation curve on the adequacy of sample size and estimation of species richness. I KEGG Hierarchical Clustering Analysis of expression changes within the groups in negative ion mode. J KEGG Hierarchical Clustering Analysis of expression changes within the groups in positive ion mode.
Does environmental variability explain male parental care in a burying beetle?
Creators: name: Feldman, Noah S
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2020
Subjects: Other biological sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Many animal species invest in extended parental care for their offspring. Parental care is costly, and natural selection favors investment strategies which maximize reproductive success. Biparental care is relatively rare, but when it does occur it has been found to increase success in terms of offspring survival and growth and in terms of future reproductive opportunities. In burying beetles (Nicrophorus spp.), both male and female participate in extended parental care. However, the fitness benefits of biparental care in burying beetles have been difficult to establish, with some studies reporting significantly smaller broods produced when both male and female are present. Variation in environmental conditions, such as temperature, is an important part of the context in which biparental care evolves. I hypothesize that biparental care acts as a buffer against environmental variation. This hypothesis predicts that biparental care will lead to greater reproductive success compared to uniparental care when temperature is increased during a reproductive attempt. I also tested the load-lightening hypothesis, which holds that biparental care benefits future reproduction by lowering the costs of reproduction. This predicts that the additional care by the other parent will allow females to rear higher quality second broods. I conducted a male removal experiment at two temperature treatments, using the species Nicrophorus orbicollis. I measured reproductive success during manipulated first brood and during second broods which females reared without a male, regardless of prior experience. I found that, contrary to my hypothesis, biparental care at the higher temperature resulted in reduced reproductive success compared to uniparental care. I found no effect of biparental care on the success of second broods. Instead, I found evidence of reproductive restraint associated with the higher temperature treatment in delayed egg-laying and increased feeding during second broods.
Additional file 1 of The employment of art therapy to develop empathy and foster wellbeing for junior doctors in a palliative medicine rotation - a qualitative exploratory study on acceptability
Creators: name: Ong, Eng-Koon
name: Tan, U-Tong Emily
name: Chiam, Min
name: Sim, Wen Shan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1
Additional file 2 of The employment of art therapy to develop empathy and foster wellbeing for junior doctors in a palliative medicine rotation - a qualitative exploratory study on acceptability
Creators: name: Ong, Eng-Koon
name: Tan, U-Tong Emily
name: Chiam, Min
name: Sim, Wen Shan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 2
Characterizing the mechanical behavior of extracellular matrix networks in situ
Creators: name: Acuna, Andrea
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biomechanical engineering

description: The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a significant role in defining the mechanical properties of biological tissues. The proteins, proteoglycans, and glycosaminoglycans that constitute the ECM are arranged into highly organized structures (e.g. fibrils and networks). Cellular behavior is affected by the stiffness of the microenvironment and influenced by the composition and organization of the ECM. Mechanosensing of ECM stiffness by cells occurs at the fibrillar (mesoscale) level between the single molecule (microscale) and the bulk tissue (macroscale) levels. However, the mechanical behavior of ECM proteins at the mesoscale are not well defined. Thus, better understanding of the ECM building blocks responsible for functional tissue assembly is critical in order to recapitulate in vivo conditions. There is a need for the mechanical characterization of the ECM networks formed by proteins synthesized in vivo while in their native configuration. To address this gap, my goals highlighted in this dissertation were to develop appropriate experimental and computational methodologies and investigate the 3D organization and mechanical behavior of ECM networks in situ. The ECM of developing mouse tissues was used as a model system, taking advantage of the low-density networks present at this stage. First, we established a novel decellularization technique that enhanced the visualization of ECM networks in soft embryonic tissues. Based on this technique, we then quantified tissue-dependent strain of immunostained ECM networks in situ. Next, we developed mesoscale and macroscale testing systems to evaluate ECM networks under tension. Our systems were used to investigate tendon mechanics as a function of development, calculating tangent moduli from stress - strain plots. Similarly, we characterized ECM network deformation while uniaxially loading embryonic tissues, since this testing modality is ideal for fibril and network mechanics. Taken together, this information can facilitate the fabrication of physiologically relevant scaffolds for regenerative medicine by establishing mechanical guidelines for microenvironments facilitate functional tissue assembly.
title: AVE-Studien
Creators: name: Institut für Entwicklung und Frieden
Publisher: name: DuEPublico
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 5.6
subject: FOS: Political science
classificationCode: 5
subject: FOS: Social sciences

description: Die AVE-Studien dokumentieren vorrangig die Erkenntnisse aus der Feldforschung (v.a. in Benin, Kenia, Äthiopien und Kambodscha) und bündeln relevante Hintergrundinformationen zur Armuts- und Ernährungssituation im Untersuchungsland. Daraus leiten sie Empfehlungen für die deutsche staatliche Entwicklungszusammenarbeit ab.
title: Nachhaltige Gender-Ziele: Good Practices bei Ressourcenmanagement und Förderung von Wertschöpfungsketten in Benin unter besonderer Berücksichtigung von gendertransformativen Ansätzen
Creators: name: Bliss, Frank
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: 000

description: AVE-Studien, vol. 2024, no. 41
What is a Swarm? A Framework for Understanding Swarms and their Applications
Creators: name: Thai, Zhong
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2020
Subjects: Aerospace engineering not elsewhere classified

description: As problems in the world become increasingly complex, designers in multiple disciplines have begun to propose swarms as a solution. The espoused benefits include flexibility, resilience, and potential for decentralized control, yet there lacks consensus on what a swarm is, what characteristics they possess, and what applications they are able to address. This study addresses these questions by creating a unified approach for understanding and analyzing swarms, called the Swarm Analysis Framework. The framework pursues three goals: 1) provide extensive analysis on the many characteristics and applications that define a swarm, 2) remain flexible enough to facilitate design, testing, analysis, and other problems in understanding swarms, and 3) outline swarm applications specific to aircraft and spacecraft based swarms. Afterwards, the Swarm Analysis Framework is used to guide a case study in which the application is a swarm was developed to study one of these aerospace applications. Ultimately, the Swarm Analysis Framework, along with its extensions improvements, should be able to act as a guide or roadmap in understanding how swarms behave across multiple disciplines.
MICROSTRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION AND MECHANICAL PROPERTY ASSESSMENT OF A NEUTRON IRRADIATED URANIUM-ZIRCONIUM NUCLEAR FUEL AND HT9 CLADDING
Creators: name: Thomas, Jonova
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2020
Subjects: Materials engineering not elsewhere classified

description: Metallic uranium-10 weight percent zirconium (U-10wt.%Zr) nuclear fuels are classified as potential fuels for fast breeder reactors as they possess a high fissile density and have increased compatibility with sodium, a frequently used reactor coolant. Despite their advantages when exposed to neutron irradiation in reactors, the fuels are subject to damage cascades and microstructural alterations. Fuel constituent re-distribution, phase transformation, fuel swelling, and fuel cladding chemical interactions (FCCI) are a few of the major interdependent microstructural alterations that occur in these fuels at the onset of neutron irradiation. The primary objective of this research is to understand the above-mentioned microstructural alterations in different regions of a neutron irradiated U-10wt.%Zr fuel and HT9 cladding that has achieved a cross-sectional burnup of 5.7 atomic percent (at%.). Additionally, this study also aims to provide a relationship between the microstructural alterations and local mechanical property changes exhibited at different regions of the HT9 cladding as a consequence of neutron irradiation, FCCI, and fission product migration.To achieve this goal, a coordinated group of experiments was performed on the neutron irradiated U-10wt.%Zr/HT9 (fuel/cladding) at the nanoscale, microscale, and mesoscale, respectively. The experimental techniques used for microstructural analysis included the following: (1) transmission electron microscopy of focused ion beam (FIB) lamellas for nanoscale assessments, (2) serial sectioning of FIB cuboids for microscale assessments, and (3) synchrotron micro-computed tomography of FIB obelisks for mesoscale assessment. Following the microstructural assessments, nano-indentation experiments were performed on the neutron irradiated HT9 cladding to determine the changes in mechanical properties as a function of distance from cladding edge to FCCI locality, and the changes in mechanical properties as a consequence of several microstructural alterations. Furthermore, the results produced from the various experiments in this study were compared and correlated to existing literature (both in-reactor and out-of-reactor experiments), and new theories to explain the reason for the observed changes were established. This research also revealed several novel observations such as probable radiation induced segregation in fuels, localized fuel swelling and porosity distribution at different regions in the fuel, crystal structure of phases present at different regions in the fuel and their influence on pore morphologies, and nano mechanical properties of a neutron irradiated HT9 cladding.
sj-docx-5-bcb-10.1177_11782234211039433 – Supplemental material for Clinicopathological Examination of Metaplastic Spindle Cell Carcinoma of the Breast: Case Series
Creators: name: Ishizuka, Yumiko
name: Horimoto, Yoshiya
name: Yanagisawa, Naotake
name: Arakawa, Atsushi
name: Nakai, Katsuya
name: Saito, Mitsue
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 111299 Oncology and Carcinogenesis not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplemental material, sj-docx-5-bcb-10.1177_11782234211039433 for Clinicopathological Examination of Metaplastic Spindle Cell Carcinoma of the Breast: Case Series by Yumiko Ishizuka, Yoshiya Horimoto, Naotake Yanagisawa, Atsushi Arakawa, Katsuya Nakai and Mitsue Saito in Breast Cancer: Basic and Clinical Research
Examining the Intercultural Understandings of Adolescents With Gifts and Talents Attending a Multicultural Summer Enrichment Program
Creators: name: Green, Corinne R
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2020
Subjects: Educational psychology
Multicultural, intercultural and cross-cultural studies

description: Scholars in the field of gifted education have identified that summer enrichment programs can have academic and socioemotional benefits for adolescents with gifts and talents. Although some studies have pointed to the intercultural benefits of such programs, few have focused directly on the intercultural benefits multicultural enrichment programs can provide.This mixed-methods study had three purposes: (1) to identify and adapt an instrument capable of measuring cultural responsiveness in adolescents with gifts and talents, (2) to examine if adolescents with gifts and talents change in cultural responsiveness over the course of a multicultural, residential summer enrichment program, and (3) to explore effective pedagogical strategies for teaching multicultural groups of adolescents with gifts and talents.The Miville-Guzman Universality Scale-Short (Fuertes et al., 2000) was selected as the instrument of focus. The instrument was piloted, and the data analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis and reliability analysis. Cognitive interviews with participants were also used to revise the items. A combination of canonical function analysis and qualitative responses were used to analyze participants’ (n=308) growth in cultural responsiveness over the course of the summer enrichment program. Finally, interviews with teachers and open-response answers from students were used to find the most effective pedagogical strategies for educating multicultural students.Findings include a revised M-GUDS-S instrument for adolescents with gifts and talents (AM-GUDS-S), evidence that multicultural enrichment programs can have a positive effect on student intercultural relations with profiles for how those relations develop over a two-week period, and a series of pedagogical strategies that can be used by educators to facilitate learning for groups of domestically, internationally, and linguistically diverse students.
Supplemental Material, sj-docx-1-spp-10.1177_19485506211034979 - Which Facial Features Are Central in Impression Formation?
Creators: name: Jaeger, Bastian
name: Jones, Alex L.
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Supplemental Material, sj-docx-1-spp-10.1177_19485506211034979 for Which Facial Features Are Central in Impression Formation? by Bastian Jaeger and Alex L. Jones in Social Psychological and Personality Science
Sex differences in state level prevalence of alcohol use among Black women and men in the United States
Creators: name: Greene, Naomi
name: Cadet, Kechna
name: Dean, Lorraine T.
name: Johnson, Renee M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: To investigate differences in alcohol use among Black men and women across U.S. states, using data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Measured any alcohol use, heavy drinking (i.e., 8+/15+ drinks for women/men in a 7-day period), and binge drinking (i.e., 4+/5+ drinks in one session). Weighted prevalence estimates were age-standardized to the 2000 US population. Binge drinking among Black men in Midwestern states was high, ranging from 40% in Minnesota to 45.8% in Iowa. Black women in Southern states had 6–10% points higher prevalence of heavy drinking than Black men. Drinking prevalence in Southern states was higher than expected, especially among Black women.
sj-docx-7-hkj-10.1177_10249079211040971 – Supplemental material for Current situation and expectation of emergency medicine education for 8-year Doctor of Medicine degree program in China
Creators: name: Ge, Zengzheng
name: Feng, Shi
name: Liu, Xiangning
name: Guo, Shigong
name: Gao, Yanxia
name: Lu, Xin
name: Yu, Shiyuan
name: Zhao, Lina
name: Shi, Di
name: Liu, Jihai
name: Zhu, Huadong
name: Li, Yi
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2021
Subjects: Emergency Medicine

description: Supplemental material, sj-docx-7-hkj-10.1177_10249079211040971 for Current situation and expectation of emergency medicine education for 8-year Doctor of Medicine degree program in China by Zengzheng Ge, Shi Feng, Xiangning Liu, Shigong Guo, Yanxia Gao, Xin Lu, Shiyuan Yu, Lina Zhao, Di Shi, Jihai Liu, Huadong Zhu and Yi Li in Hong Kong Journal of Emergency Medicine
Additional file 1 of Providing holistic end-of-life care for people with a history of problem substance use: a mixed methods cohort study of interdisciplinary service provision and integrated care
Creators: name: Webb, Lucy
name: Yarwood, Gemma
name: Witham, Gary
name: Wright, Sam
name: Galvani, Sarah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1
Amyand's hernia - incidental finding on CT scan
Creators: name: Patel, Parth
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Abdominal wall
subject: CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Hernia

description: Clinical History Image Findings Discussion Find Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis
description: male, 52 years
description: Clinical History: A 52 year old male presented with left flank pain. Ultrasound screening showed mild hydronephrosis in left kidney. Laboratory markers were unremarkable. Plain Computed Tomography of abdomen was performed for suspected left ureteric calculus. Incidental fi... Final Diagnosis: Amyand's hernia
Additional file 2 of Providing holistic end-of-life care for people with a history of problem substance use: a mixed methods cohort study of interdisciplinary service provision and integrated care
Creators: name: Webb, Lucy
name: Yarwood, Gemma
name: Witham, Gary
name: Wright, Sam
name: Galvani, Sarah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Material 2
STUDENT EXPERIENCES AND MOTIVATIONS IN A FLIPPED GENERAL CHEMISTRY II COURSE
Creators: name: Roth, Elijah B
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2020
Subjects: Other chemical sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Student-centered pedagogies have become increasingly popular in higher education. Research on flipped learning, in particular, has shown that collaborative problem-solving environments are able to better support effective learning than lecture alone. However, the effects of this format on students’ interests and motivations in chemistry remain unknown. For this study, students and graduate teaching assistants who participated in a flipped learning, second-semester general chemistry course were selected to participate in a focus group discussion and individual interviews that explored their experiences and perceptions of the features of the course (affordances) that supported and thwarted their sense of motivation.This phenomenographic study mapped eight students’ experiences of the course and used qualitative data from interviews with the graduate teaching assistants (TAs) to compare and contrast with students’ claims. Self-determination theory was used to frame these experiences and the results were discussed using other relevant theories of motivation, including, but not limited to expectancy-value theory and achievement goal theories.It was found that there are several features of the course that support students’ motivations according to the basic psychological needs of relatedness, autonomy, and competency in self-determination theory. The study also revealed many features of the course that thwarted students’ motivations. Features that students described as motivating left them feeling connected to their peers and other agents in the course, capable of efficiently interacting with their environments as a result of the course tasks, and a sense that their performance was related to their efforts. Features that students’ described as demotivating left them feeling helpless, incompetent, alone, and without a sense of control over their performance in the course.The results of this study shed light on students’ perceptions of the environment in a flipped learning chemistry course. These findings can be used to improve students’ experiences, and consequently their motivation when taking a flipped learning chemistry course. Specific assertions developed from these results and recommendations for these improvements are further discussed.
Eleição A Luz Do Texto Bíblico
Creators: name: Pereira, Jeferson
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Eleição, Calvinismo, Bíblia, Deus

description: O texto a seguir trata a respeito da doutrina da eleição à luz do texto bíblico. A eleição incondicional é uma doutrina protestante mais intimamente ligada com as igrejas de linha reformada. Na teologia sistemática, eleição faz parte da doutrina da predestinação. Grudem conceitua eleição da seguinte maneira: “Eleição é um ato de Deus, antes da criação, no qual ele escolhe algumas pessoas para serem salvas, não por causa de algum mérito antevisto nelas, mas somente por causa de sua suprema boa vontade”. (GRUDEM 1999, 560 p.)

Este trabalho não tem a pretensão de abranger todas as questões envolvidas em relação à eleição, muito poderia ser escrito, mas o tempo e o espaço não fornecem possibilidade para tal empreitada teológica.

McGrath falando sobre a eleição em um sentido mais amplo declara: “[...] a doutrina da predestinação é muitas vezes considerada como um dos aspectos mais enigmáticos e complexos da teologia cristã” (MCGRATH, 2005, 530 p.). O objetivo do presente trabalho é apresentar ao leitor uma introdução que lhe incentive a procurar saber mais profundamente sobre essa doutrina que é um dos pilares para esperança de todo cristão verdadeiro.

Outro fator importante é que o leitor esteja preparado para argumentar com aqueles que questionam sobre salvação, quando suas dúvidas são concernentes a questões eternas. Sendo assim todo cristão deve atender ao mandato bíblico que ordena:

“...Estejam sempre preparados para responder a qualquer pessoa que pedir a razão da esperança que há em vocês”. (1Pe. 3:15 NVI)

“Conheçamos o Senhor; esforcemo-nos por conhecê-lo...”. (Os. 6:3 NVI)
AN AMMONIA-BASED CHEMISORPTION HEAT PUMP FOR COLD CLIMATE: EXPERIMENTS AND MODELING FOR PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OPTIMIZATION
Creators: name: Yang, Zhiyao
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2020
Subjects: Civil engineering not elsewhere classified

description: Space and water heating contribute over 50% of all the residential building energy consumption and are especially major energy consumers in the cold climates. Meanwhile, conventional furnaces and boilers with energy efficiency limited to below 100% dominate the residential heating in the cold climate, and the electric vapor-compression heat pump capacity and efficiency decline drastically at low ambient temperatures. Thermally driven ammonia-based chemical adsorption (chemisorption) heat pump (CSHP) systems utilize the reversible chemical reaction between the ammonia vapor and solid sorbent to generate heat pumping effect, which can provide heating with much higher energy efficiency than existing cold-climate heating technologies. Despite the significant potential of energy efficiency improvement from existing technologies, most studies in the literature on chemisorption heat pump systems focus on adopting the technology for refrigeration and energy storage applications, with very limited investigations available for using the technology for producing heating in cold climates. This thesis study is thus conducted to characterize the operation behavior and performance of a CSHP system under cold ambient conditions and further identify optimal design and control for such systems to achieve high performance. In this study, both experimental and modelling approaches are pursued to investigate a CSHP heating system from the perspective of the sorption material using the multiple-stage LiCl-ammonia reactions, to the novel adsorber component with hybrid heat pipe heat exchanger, and finally to the performance of the complete heat pump system. The experimental studies are based on a prototype CSHP system tested to identify the chemical kinetics of the sorption material, as well as the transient performance of the adsorber and the system. The calibrated chemical kinetics are then used in the development of a transient adsorber model to analyze the operation and improve design of the adsorber. The heating COP of the prototype system was measured to be 0.75-1.16 under ambient temperatures of 8-20 C. Finally, a dynamic system model is developed based on the dynamic models of the adsorber and other components in the system. The system model is validated against the experimental data and used to analyze the detailed energy flow and operation dynamic. Based on the inefficiencies revealed by the simulation of the current prototype system, an improved system design with reduced thermal mass and heat loss is introduced. Simulation of the improved system results in heating COP of 1.17 to 1.23 under -13.9 C to 8.3 C ambient, respectively.
STUDY OF CHARGE DISTRIBUTION IN THE MOLECULES OF STARTING MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS IN THE TELOMERIZATION REACTION OF ETHYLENE
Creators: name: Khudaybergenova, S.Z.
name: Nomozov, S.I.
name: Radjibaev, D.P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: At the current stage of development in modern organic chemistry, the synthesis of low-molecular-weight aliphatic alcohols—particularly isopropyl and isoamyl alcohols—and the in-depth investigation of their molecular structures are of great significance. The synthesis of such compounds via telomerization reactions is considered technologically efficient, environmentally safe, and economically viable. In this study, the charge distribution in the molecules of isopropyl (C3) and isoamyl (C5) alcohols synthesized through the telomerization reaction involving ethylene and methanol was calculated using the Density Functional Theory (DFT) method.
Additional file 3 of Providing holistic end-of-life care for people with a history of problem substance use: a mixed methods cohort study of interdisciplinary service provision and integrated care
Creators: name: Webb, Lucy
name: Yarwood, Gemma
name: Witham, Gary
name: Wright, Sam
name: Galvani, Sarah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Material 3
EFFECT OF GRAIN SIZE AND MECHANICAL STRESS ON POLARIZATION SWITCHING OF FERROELECTRICS
Creators: name: Yazawa, Keisuke
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2020
Subjects: Ceramics
Functional materials

description: The polarization response such as ferroelectric and ferroelastic switching in ferroelectrics is the important feature for ferroelectric and electromechanical applications. In polycrystalline form ferroelectrics, effects of the microstructural parameters such as texture, grain size, and residual stress are there and have not fully been understood. Among these effects, (1) the origin of grain size effects on ferroelastic switching, (2) mechanical stress effects on polarization switching, and (3) ferroelectric switching kinetics and the relationship to grain boundaries are investigated.
Firstly, the microscopic origin of ferroelastic switching suppression in smaller grains is discovered using a microscopic probing technique (piezoresponse force microscopy). It is demonstrated that there is no independent grain size effect on ferroelastic switching; the grain size affects the domain structure in a grain, and the domain structure plays an important role in the ferroelastic switching suppression. This result suggests that the grain size is not an independent critical parameter for the electromechanical property degradation in a grain < 1 m as the ferroelastic switching is a dominant component for the electromechanical property.
The study about the mechanical stress effects on the electric field induced polarization switching rationalizes the emergence of the electric field induced low-symmetry phases observed in tetragonal Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 and BaTiO3 ceramics after poling. It is demonstrated that a shear stress plays an important role in stabilizing the monoclinic phase in Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 whereas a normal stress along the polarization axis is a key for the monoclinic phase in BaTiO3 with a thermodynamic approach. It is suggested that the fraction of the low-symmetry phase, which is important for the large electromechanical property, can be engineered by applying an appropriate stress.
For the work about ferroelectric switching kinetics, the first direct Barkhausen noise associated with ferroelectric switching is measured. The domain switching time is quantified by the frequency of the Barkhausen noise. It is discovered that the dominant domain wall pinning site is grain boundaries based on the domain wall jump distance between pinning sites calculated from the switching time. This result suggests that the technique is a good tool for understanding the relationship between microstructure – domain wall kinetics.
In sum, the mechanisms of the polarization switching suppression due to domain structure and grain boundaries, and the emergence of the low symmetry phases due to stresses are revealed. These discoveries facilitate further improvements of the device performances with engineering the domain structure, grain boundaries and residual stress.
title: The Artificial Intelligence Quotient
title: Measuring Machine Intelligence Based on Multi-Domain Complexity, Similarity, and Diversity
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Pereyda, Christopher Isaac
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2023
Subjects: AIQ
Complexity
Dissimilarity
Intelligence Quotient
Intelligence Space

description: The growth and development of AI systems and benchmarks have been rapidly increasing, yet there is a disproportionately small amount of examination into the domains used to evaluate these systems. Even the domains that consider a larger scope of evaluation are often not generalizable, and the implemented AI systems are often not usable for different domains. To address the previously discussed issues within the AI community, we are putting forward a notion of machine intelligence that can be intuitively understood and effectively utilized. This notion will allow us to compute new metrics for both the agents evaluated and the domains used in the evaluation. The intelligence of a given system is determined by measuring its performance on a multi-domain test with measurable complexity, similarity, and diversity. The Artificial Intelligence Quotient (AIQ) structures these domain side measurements into a clear and consistent framework that can be utilized to measure an AI system’s intelligence. These domain side measurements allow for the creation of an intelligence space. Once a test is located within the space, its accompanying performance metric can be used to effectively scale the location allowing for a notion of agent capacitance. That is, the agent’s capability to achieve a certain understanding of the domain. An agent that achieves a higher understanding of the domain will be given a higher AIQ score than one that achieves a lower understanding. Agent capacitance also scales with domain complexity. An agent that achieves a comparable understanding of a more complex domain will be given a higher AIQ score than an agent on a less complex domain.
ESPACIOS DE FORMACIÓN Y COMERCIALIZACIÓN AGROECOLÓGICA: LECCIONES APRENDIDAS EN LA UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL DEL ECUADOR
Creators: name: León, Xavier
name: Pazmiño, Juan
name: Vivas, Ramiro
name: Cepeda, Dario
Publisher: name: Investigación en desarrollo sostenible
Year: 2024

description: En Ecuador los últimos 15 años se ha extendido la comercialización agroecológica, Los puntos de comercialización se generan por la creciente preocupación del consumidor respecto al origen y la forma en que se producen los alimentos que consume. A nivel nacional esta preocupación ha permitido que existan diversas, ferias, canastas, tiendas entre otras formas de comercialización de productos agroecológicos, principalmente a una escala local (ciudades, barrios y parroquias), lideradas en mayor parte por mujeres.