Ilomantis Giglio-Tos 1915
Creators: name: Brannoch, Sydney K.
name: Svenson, Gavin J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Mantodea
Iridopterygidae
Ilomantis
Tropidomantis
Tropidomantis thalassina

description: <i>Ilomantis</i> Giglio-Tos, 1915 <i>Ilomantis</i> Giglio-Tos, 1915: 46, 1927: 136; Beier 1935: 54–55 (synonymized with <i>Nilomantis</i>); Paulian 1957: 30 (resurrected <i>Ilomantis</i>); Roy 1987: 121; Ehrmann 2002: 242; Otte &amp; Spearman 2005: 120-121 (re-synonymized with <i>Nilomantis</i>) <i>Type species</i> <i>Tropidomantis thalassina</i> Saussure, 1899: 593–594. <i>Diagnosis</i> Small, slender mantises (body length 14–27.05 mm), green to ochre, fully developed wings. Body surface and anterior margin of forewings lightly ciliated. Pronotal medial keel present. Head capsule dorsoventrally compressed. Compound eyes dorsoventrally compressed, laterally conical, blunted. Cranial vertex with a cosinusoidal margin, juxtaocular bulges present; elevation on the vertex in the shape of a truncated pyramid. Lower frons featuring a medially bifurcated carina. <i>Redescription</i> <i>Head</i> (Fig. 8). Prognathous (based on observed resting position); head capsule wider than long. Juxtaocular bulges present, highlighted by parietal sulci. Head capsule dorsoventrally compressed with likewise compressed, laterally conical compound eyes. Four gently sloping carinal ridges on the vertex (two of which originate from the mid-vertex, the other two originate from the mid-ocular region) converge into an elevation on the postero-medial vertex in the shape of a truncated pyramid, which is bisected apically by the coronal suture. Vertex slightly concave posterior to lateral ocelli. Ocelli of both sexes are situated atop an elevated region; ocelli amber to yellow. Lower frons transverse, featuring a subtle, medially bifurcated sulcus. Clypeus broad, with elevated margins. Labrum rounded anteriorly. Maxillary and labial palpi pale, light green to ochre. Compound eye pigmentation darker than cuticle of the head capsule. Antenna long and filiform, lightly ciliated, tapering to a point, with darkened terminal antennomeres. <i>Thorax.</i> Pronotum roughly 2.5 -times longer than wide at supracoxal sulcus dilation, featuring a pronounced medial keel that bisects the anteriorly positioned supracoxal sulcus and terminates at the posterior margin of the metazone (Fig. 11). Metazone posterior margin elevated into a shelf extending slightly over anterior margin of the mesothorax. Margin of the lateral lamellar expansion of the pronotum is relatively smooth with socketed setae projecting around the perimeter. Region containing pronotal medial keel elevated, sloping down to lateral margins. Thorax medially traversed by a yellow stripe (Fig. 12). Prozone with bilaterally symmetric sculpting, which tapers to the edge just prior to the lateral margins. Anterior metazone features a slight indentation on either side of the medial keel. Cervix bears lateral cervical sclerites and intercervical sclerites; ventral cervical sclerites absent. Lateral cervical sclerite anterior margin extends just past the anterior margin of the prozone and is lightly ciliated. Postcervical plate and exposed thoracic membrane is contained within the boundaries of the intercervical sclerites and the episternum, with either a broad or narrow hexagonal shape (Fig. 13). A furcasternal tubercle projects medially at the base of the T-shaped sclerite, posterior to the prothoracic coxae, surfaced with setation (Fig. 14). DK hearing organ present on metathoracic ventral surface (see Yager &amp; Svenson (2008) for hearing organ description). Wings of both sexes well developed, extending beyond base of terminalia, hyaline to opaque; variably ciliated. <i>Prothoracic legs</i>. Lightly ciliated. Forecoxae long, extending past the base of the pronotum; postero- and anteroventral margins with socketed setae; apical lobes squared, convergent. Forefemora feature relatively straight dorsal margins that narrow distally. Posteroventral femoral spines robust and darkened apically, interspersed with cilia and a row of crenulation. Genicular lobes of the femora each with a slightly curved spine. Tibial spur groove lies between first discoidal spine and the first anteroventral femoral spine. Anteroventral femoral spines alternate between short and long, darkened apically. Second discoidal spine significantly longer than the first and third. Posteroventral and anteroventral tibial spines gradually elongating towards the tibial spur, darkening apically, interspersed with cilia. Tarsi 5 -segmented, ciliated, with an enlarged penultimate euplantulae; darkened ungues. <i>F</i> = 3 DS/ 11–12 AvS/ 4 PvS; <i>T</i> = 10–14 AvS/ 9–14 PvS. <i>Meso- and metathoracic legs.</i> Lightly ciliated across surface with increased ciliation density distally. Femoral carina on the posteroventral margin; femoral genicular lobes lacking spines. Tibiae tubular with an apical lobe and two apical spurs. Tarsi 5 -segmented, ciliated, with an enlarged penultimate euplantulae; darkened ungues. <i>Abdomen</i>. Smooth, surface ciliated. Segmentation of tergites straightly traversing the abdomen. Female supra-anal plate triangular, ciliated; narrower than the subgenital plate. Female subgenital plate posterior margin bifid, ciliated, narrowing towards the terminus; cerci long, filiform, tapering. Male supra-anal plate triangular, ciliated; narrower than subgenital plate. Male subgenital plate approximately rounded at the terminus; cerci long, compressed, tapering; styli short. Female genitalia: gonoplac (GL) features a rectangular dilation on the anteroventral margin; gonapophysis IX (GP) apex approximately mammiform to rounded. Male genitalia: lobo membranoso (loa) lightly sclerotized and without apical crenulation; processo distale (pda) narrow and rounded apically. Key to <i>Ilomantis</i> Giglio-Tos, 1915 species 1. Medial keel of pronotum originates from the anterior margin of prozone. The lower frons features a latitudinal, medially bifurcated sulcus that traverses the anterior margin of the sclerite. Postcervical plate and exposed thoracic membrane broadly framed by the intercervical sclerites and episternum. <i>thalassina</i> 1 ’. Medial keel of pronotum originates from the mid-prozone. The lower frons features a latitudinal, medially bifid sulcus that traverses the anterior region of the sclerite, but not across the anterior margin. Postcervical plate and exposed thoracic membrane narrowly framed by the intercervical sclerites and episternum. <i>ginsburgae</i> sp.n.
description: Published as part of <i>Sydney K. Brannoch &amp; Gavin J. Svenson, 2016, Leveraging female genitalic characters for generic and species delimitation in Nilomantis Werner, 1907 and Ilomantis Giglio-Tos, 1915 (Mantodea, Nilomantinae), pp. 209-244 in Insect Systematics &amp; Evolution 47</i> on pages 221-228, DOI: 10.1163/1876312X-47032141, http://zenodo.org/record/269839
description: {"references": ["Giglio-Tos, E. (1915) Mantidi esotici. VIII. Acromantinae. Bollettino dei Musei di Zoologia ed Anatomia Comparata della R. Universita di Torino 30: 1 - 16.", "Beier, M. (1935) Genera Insectorum, Vol. 201. Mantodea. Subfamilie: Orthoderinae, Choeradodinae, Deroplatinae. Wytsman, Brussels.", "Paulian, R. (1957) Faune de Madagascar. Insectes Mantodea. Publications de l'Institut de Recherche Scientifique Tananarive - Tsimbazaza 5: 1 - 102.", "Roy, R. (1987) Le peuplement en Mantes des iles situees au large de l'Afrique. Bulletin de la Societe zoologique de France 112: 117 - 125.", "Ehrmann, R. (2002) Mantodea: Gottesanberinnen der Welt. Munster, Natur und Tier Verlag Munster.", "Otte, D. &amp; Spearman, L. A. (2005) Mantida species file. Catalog of the mantids of the world, volume 1. Association of Insect Diversity, Philadelphia, PA.", "Saussure, H. (1899). In: Voeltzkow, A.: Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Reisen in Madagaskar und Ostafrika in den Jahren 1889 - 1895. Orthoptera: Mantidae. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 1 (24): 567 - 664.", "Yager, D. D. &amp; Svenson, G. J. (2008) Patterns of praying mantis auditory system evolution based on morphological, molecular, neurophysiological, and behavioural data. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 94: 541 - 568."]}