cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Gamma-ray Burst UV/optical afterglow polarimetry as a probe of Quantum Gravity
Creators: name: Fan, Yi-Zhong
name: Wei, Da-Ming
name: Xu, Dong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A possible birefringence effect that arises in quantum gravity leads to a frequency-dependent rotation of the polarization angle of linearly polarized emission from distant sources. Here we use the UV/optical polarization data of the afterglows of GRB 020813 and GRB 021004 to constrain this effect. We find an upper limit on the Gambini & Pulin birefringence parameter $| η| <2\times 10^{-7}$. This limit is of 3 orders better than the previous limits from observations of AGNs and of the Crab pulsar. Much stronger limits may be obtained by the future observation of polarization of the prompt $γ$-rays.
description: typos corrected
Additional file 2 of Proteomic analysis and experimental validation reveal the blood–brain barrier protective of Huanshaodan in the treatment of SAMP8 mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease
Creators: name: Su, Yunfang
name: Liu, Ningning
name: Wang, Pan
name: Shang, Congcong
name: Sun, Ruiqin
name: Ma, Jinlian
name: Li, Zhonghua
name: Ma, Huifen
name: Sun, Yiran
name: Zhang, Zijuan
name: Song, Junying
name: Xie, Zhishen
name: Xu, Jiangyan
name: Zhang, Zhenqiang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplementary Material 2
3-D SPH simulations of colliding winds in eta Carinae
Creators: name: Okazaki, Atsuo T.
name: Owocki, Stanley P.
name: Russell, Christopher M. P.
name: Corcoran, Michael F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study colliding winds in the superluminous binary eta Carinae by performing three-dimensional, Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) simulations. For simplicity, we assume both winds to be isothermal. We also assume that wind particles coast without any net external forces. We find that the lower density, faster wind from the secondary carves out a spiral cavity in the higher density, slower wind from the primary. Because of the phase-dependent orbital motion, the cavity is very thin on the periastron side, whereas it occupies a large volume on the apastron side. The model X-ray light curve using the simulated density structure fits very well with the observed light curve for a viewing angle of i=54 degrees and phi=36 degrees, where i is the inclination angle and phi is the azimuth from apastron.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, To be published in Proceedings of IAU Symposium 250: Massive Stars as Cosmic Engines, held in Kauai, Hawaii, USA, Dec 2007, edited by F. Bresolin, P.A. Crowther & J. Puls (Cambridge University Press)
Revealing the Dark TeV Sky: The Atmospheric Cherenkov Imaging Technique for Very High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy
Creators: name: Weekes, Trevor C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Atmospheric Cherenkov Imaging Technique has opened up the gamma-ray spectrum from 100 GeV to 50 TeV to astrophysical exploration. The development of the technique (with emphasis on the early days) is described as are the basic principles underlying its application to gamma-ray astronomy. The current generation of arrays of telescopes, in particular, VERITAS is briefly described.
description: To be published in the Proceedings of the International Workshop on "Energy Budget in the High Energy Universe", Kashiwa, Japan, February 22-24, 2006
Additional file 3 of Proteomic analysis and experimental validation reveal the blood–brain barrier protective of Huanshaodan in the treatment of SAMP8 mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease
Creators: name: Su, Yunfang
name: Liu, Ningning
name: Wang, Pan
name: Shang, Congcong
name: Sun, Ruiqin
name: Ma, Jinlian
name: Li, Zhonghua
name: Ma, Huifen
name: Sun, Yiran
name: Zhang, Zijuan
name: Song, Junying
name: Xie, Zhishen
name: Xu, Jiangyan
name: Zhang, Zhenqiang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplementary Material 3
Bjorken flow attractors with transverse dynamics
Creators: name: Ambrus, Victor E.
name: Busuioc, Sergiu
name: Fotakis, Jan A.
name: Gallmeister, Kai
name: Greiner, Carsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of the longitudinally boost-invariant Bjorken flow with transverse expansion, we use three different numerical methods to analyze the emergence of attractor solutions in an ideal gas of massless particles exhibiting constant shear viscosity to entropy density ratio $η/ s$. The fluid energy density is initialized using a Gaussian profile in the transverse plane, while the ratio $χ= \mathcal{P}_L / \mathcal{P}_T$ between the longitudinal and transverse pressures is set at initial time $τ_0$ to a constant value $χ_0$ throughout the system employing the Romatschke-Strickland distribution. We introduce the hydrodynamization time $δτ_H = (τ_H - τ_0)/ τ_0$ based on the time $τ_H$ when the standard deviation $σ(χ)$ of a family of solutions with different $χ_0$ reaches a minimum value at the point of maximum convergence of the solutions. In the $0+1{\rm D}$ setup, $δτ_H$ exhibits scale invariance, being a function only of $(η/ s) / (τ_0 T_0)$. With transverse expansion, we find a similar $δτ_H$ computed with respect to the local initial temperature, $T_0(r)$. We highlight the transition between the regimes where the longitudinal and transverse expansions dominate. We find that the hydrodynamization time required for the attractor solution to be reached increases with the distance from the origin, as expected based on the properties of the $0+1{\rm D}$ system defined by the local initial conditions. We argue that hydrodynamization is predominantly the effect of the longitudinal expansion, being significantly influenced by the transverse dynamics only for small systems or for large values of $η/ s$.
description: Accepted version. 20 pages, 11 figures, 1 table
Reduction of Dirac structures along isotropic subbundles
Creators: name: Calvo, I.
name: Falceto, F.
name: Zambon, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53D17, 53D99, 70H45

description: Given a Dirac subbundle and an isotropic subbundle of a Courant algebroid, we provide a canonical method to obtain a new Dirac subbundle. When the original Dirac subbundle is involutive (i.e., a Dirac structure) this construction has interesting applications, for instance to Dirac's theory of constraints and to the Marsden-Ratiu reduction in Poisson geometry.
description: 10 pages. Paper reformulated and reorganized. Added Section 5.3 on Poisson fibrations
On a spin conformal invariant on manifolds with boundary
Creators: name: Raulot, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53A30, 53C27 (Primary), 58J50, 58C40 (Secondary)

description: On a n-dimensional connected compact manifold with non-empty boundary equipped with a Riemannian metric, a spin structure and a chirality operator, we study some properties of a spin conformal invariant defined from the first eigenvalue of the Dirac operator under the chiral bag boundary condition. More precisely, we show that we can derive a spinorial analogue of Aubin's inequality.
description: 26 pages
Motives of moduli spaces of rank 3 vector bundles and Higgs bundles on a curve
Creators: name: Fu, Lie
name: Hoskins, Victoria
name: Lehalleur, Simon Pepin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14H60, 14D20, 14C15, 14E05

description: We prove formulas for the rational Chow motives of moduli spaces of semistable vector bundles and Higgs bundles of rank 3 and coprime degree on a smooth projective curve. Our approach involves identifying criteria to lift identities in (a completion of) the Grothendieck group of effective Chow motives to isomorphisms in the category of Chow motives. For the Higgs moduli space, we use motivic Bialynicki-Birula decompositions associated to a scaling action with variation of stability and wall-crossing for moduli spaces of rank 2 pairs, which occur in the fixed locus of this action.
description: Final version appearing in a special issue "Birational geometry and moduli of projective varieties" of the Electronic Research Archive
The AdS5xS5 Superstring in Light-Cone Gauge and its Bethe Equations
Creators: name: Frolov, Sergey
name: Plefka, Jan
name: Zamaklar, Marija
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the uniform light-cone gauge to derive an exact gauge-fixed Lagrangian and light-cone Hamiltonian for the Green-Schwarz superstring in AdS5xS5. We then quantize the theory perturbatively in the near plane-wave limit, and compute the leading 1/J correction to a generic string state from the rank-1 subsectors. These investigations enable us to propose a new set of light-cone Bethe equations for the quantum string. The equations have a simple form and yield the correct spinning string and flat space limits. Finally, we clarify the notion of closed sectors in string theory by proving the existence of perturbative effective string Hamiltonians which are direct analogues of (all loop) dilatation operators in the dual N=4 gauge theory.
description: 59 pages, no figures. v2: typos fixed. v3: more typos fixed, published version
Multichannel-based learning for audio object extraction
Creators: name: Arteaga, Daniel
name: Pons, Jordi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The current paradigm for creating and deploying immersive audio content is based on audio objects, which are composed of an audio track and position metadata. While rendering an object-based production into a multichannel mix is straightforward, the reverse process involves sound source separation and estimating the spatial trajectories of the extracted sources. Besides, cinematic object-based productions are often composed by dozens of simultaneous audio objects, which poses a scalability challenge for audio object extraction. Here, we propose a novel deep learning approach to object extraction that learns from the multichannel renders of object-based productions, instead of directly learning from the audio objects themselves. This approach allows tackling the object scalability challenge and also offers the possibility to formulate the problem in a supervised or an unsupervised fashion. Since, to our knowledge, no other works have previously addressed this topic, we first define the task and propose an evaluation methodology, and then discuss under what circumstances our methods outperform the proposed baselines.
description: In proceedings of ICASSP2021. Appendix added
Using a multi-messenger and multi-wavelength observational strategy to probe the nature of dark energy through direct measurements of cosmic expansion history
Creators: name: Qi, Jing-Zhao
name: Jin, Shang-Jie
name: Fan, Xi-Long
name: Zhang, Jing-Fei
name: Zhang, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the near future, the redshift drift observations in optical and radio bands will provide precise measurements on $H(z)$ covering the redshift ranges of $2
description: 18 pages, 7 figures
Determination of the spatial TDR-sensor characteristics in strong dispersive subsoil using 3D-FEM frequency domain simulations in combination with microwave dielectric spectroscopy
Creators: name: Wagner, Norman
name: Trinks, Eberhard
name: Kupfer, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spatial sensor characteristics of a 6cm TDR flat band cable sensor section was simulated with finite element modelling (High Frequency Structure Simulator-HFSS) under certain conditions: (i) in direct contact to the surrounding material (air, water of different salinities, different synthetic and natural soils (sand-silt-clay mixtures)), (ii) with consideration of a defined gap of different size filled with air or water and (iii) the cable sensor pressed at a borehole-wall. The complex dielectric permittivity or complex electrical conductivity of the investigated saturated and unsaturated soils was examined in the frequency range 50MHz-20GHz at room temperature and atmospheric pressure with a HP8720D- network analyser. Three soil-specific relaxation processes are assumed to act in the investigated frequency-temperature-pressure range: one primary (main water relaxation) and two secondary processes due to clay-water-ion interactions (bound water relaxation and the Maxwell-Wagner effect). 3D finite element simulation is performed with a 1/3 wavelength based adaptive mesh refinement at a solution frequency of 1MHz, 10MHz, 0.1GHz, 1GHz and 12.5GHz. The electromagnetic field distribution, S-parameter and step responses were examined.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures
Pilot-scale studies of the anaerobic digestion of combined wastewater sludges and mitigation of phosphorus release
Creators: name: Niedbala, Dyanne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The City of Penticton has operated a biological nutrient removal (BNR) treatment plant since 1991, in order to achieve lower phosphorus discharge limits into the Okanagan Lakes. Excess waste activated sludge (WAS) from the BNR process accounts for about 80% of total sludge wastage at the plant. Pilot-scale anaerobic digestion studies were conducted on-site at the Penticton wastewater treatment plant to investigate the influence of the codigestion of primary fermented sludge (PFS) and phosphorus rich WAS on the solubilization of phosphorus and on digester performance. Research was conducted in two phases: the first phase included the initial start-up of the digester and a control run of the digester using only PFS as feed at a 20 day HRT; the second phase used a combination of PFS/WAS (35/65 by volume) as feed at an HRT of 20 and 10 days. Anaerobic digestion of WAS resulted in a 70% release of the total phosphorus flow into the digester and about an 80% release of phosphorus previously removed during the BNR process. During the codigestion of PFS/WAS, HRT had no effect on the solubilization of phosphorus within the anaerobic digester. Addition of WAS to the anaerobic digester resulted in a significant reduction in volatile mass destruction and unit gas production, as well as a deterioration in the quality of the digester supernatant. During the codigestion of PFS/WAS, the digester operational efficiency, in terms of volatile mass destruction and unit gas production, decreased as HRT was reduced. However, ii HRT had no effect on the methane content of the anaerobic off-gas or the quality of the digester supernatant. Lab-scale studies demonstrated that chemical fixation of the digester effluent with lime, ferric chloride, or alum could produce high phosphorus removal efficiencies. In terms of overall effluent quality, ferric chloride, at a 2000 mg/L dosage, resulted in the highest removal efficiencies for orthophosphorus, COD, and TSS.
Additional file 1 of Elucidating Thermothielavioides terrestris secretome changes for improved saccharification of mild steam-pretreated spruce
Creators: name: Caputo, Fabio
name: Siaperas, Romanos
name: Dias, Camila
name: Nikolaivits, Efstratios
name: Olsson, Lisbeth
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Axial meson exchange and the $Z_c(3900)$ and $Z_{cs}(3985)$ resonances as heavy hadron molecules
Creators: name: Yan, Mao-Jun
name: Peng, Fang-Zheng
name: Sánchez, Mario Sánchez
name: Valderrama, Manuel Pavon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Early speculations about the existence of heavy hadron molecules were grounded on the idea that light-meson exchanges forces could lead to binding. In analogy to the deuteron, the light-mesons usually considered include the pion, sigma, rho and omega, but not the axial meson $a_1(1260)$. Though it has been argued in the past that the coupling of the axial meson to the nucleons is indeed strong, its mass is considerably heavier than that of the vector mesons and thus its exchange ends up being suppressed. Yet, this is not necessarily the case in heavy hadrons molecules: we find that even though the contribution to binding from the axial meson is modest, it cannot be neglected in the isovector sector where vector meson exchange cancels out. This might provide a natural binding mechanism for molecular candidates such as the $Z_c(3900)$, $Z_c(4020)$ or the more recently observed $Z_{cs}(3985)$. However the $Z_{cs}(3985)$ is more dependent on a mixture of different factors, which (besides axial meson exchange) include $η$ exchange and the nature of scalar meson exchange. Together they point towards the existence of two $Z_{cs}(3985)$-like resonances instead of one, while the observations about the role of scalar meson exchange in the $Z_{cs}(3985)$ might be relevant for the $P_{cs}(4459)$. Finally, the combination of axial meson exchange and flavor symmetry breaking effects indicates that the isovector $J^{PC} = 0^{++}$ $D^*\bar{D}^*$ and the strange $J^P = 2^{+}$ $D^*\bar{D}_s^*$ molecules are the most attractive configurations and thus the most likely molecular partners of the $Z_c(3900)$, $Z_c(4020)$ and $Z_{cs}(3985)$.
description: 26 pages, 3 figures, 6 tables; tries to explain a few features of the Zc(3900), Zcs(3985) and Pcs(4459); corresponds to the published version
Synthesizing and characterization of hole doped nickel based layer superconductor (La$_{1-x}$Sr$_{x}$)ONiAs
Creators: name: Fang, Lei
name: Yang, Huan
name: Cheng, Peng
name: Zhu, Xiyu
name: Mu, Gang
name: Wen, Hai-Hu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the synthesizing and characterization of the hole doped Ni-based superconductor ($La_{1-x}Sr_{x})ONiAs$. By substituting La with Sr, the superconducting transition temperature $T_c$ is increased from 2.75 K of the parent phase $LaONiAs$ to 3.7 K at the doping levels x= 0.1 - 0.2. The curve $T_c$ versus hole concentration shows a symmetric behavior as the electron doped samples $La(O_{1-x}F_{x})NiAs$. The normal state resistivity in Ni-based samples shows a good metallic behavior and reveals the absence of an anomaly which appears in the Fe-based system at about 150 K, suggesting that this anomaly is not a common feature for all systems. Hall effect measurements indicate that the electron conduction in the parent phase $LaONiAs$ is dominated by electron-like charge carriers, while with more Sr doping, a hole-like band will emerge and finally prevail over the conduction, and accordingly the superconducting transition temperature $T_c$ increases.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Effects of metallicity, star-formation conditions, and evolution in B and Be stars. II: Small Magellanic Cloud, field of NGC 330
Creators: name: Martayan, Christophe
name: Frémat, Yves
name: Hubert, Anne-Marie
name: Floquet, Michele
name: Zorec, Jean
name: Neiner, Coralie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We search for effects of metallicity on B and Be stars in the Small and Large Magellanic Clouds (SMC and LMC) and in the Milky Way (MW). We extend our previous analysis of B and Be stars populations in the LMC to the SMC. The rotational velocities of massive stars and the evolutionary status of Be stars are examined with respect to their environments. Spectroscopic observations of hot stars belonging to the young cluster SMC-NGC 330 and its surrounding region have been obtained with the VLT-GIRAFFE facilities in MEDUSA mode. We determine fundamental parameters for B and Be stars with the GIRFIT code, taking into account the effect of fast rotation, and the age of observed clusters. We compare the mean vsini obtained by spectral type- and mass-selection for field and cluster B and Be stars in the SMC with the one in the LMC and MW. We find that (i) B and Be stars rotate faster in the SMC than in the LMC, and in the LMC than in the MW; (ii) at a given metallicity, Be stars begin their main sequence life with a higher initial rotational velocity than B stars. Consequently, only a fraction of B stars that reach the ZAMS with a sufficiently high initial rotational velocity can become Be stars; (iii) the distributions of initial rotational velocities at the ZAMS for Be stars in the SMC, LMC and MW are mass- and metallicity-dependent; (iv) the angular velocities of B and Be stars are higher in the SMC than in the LMC and MW; (v) in the SMC and LMC, massive Be stars appear in the second part of the main sequence, contrary to massive Be stars in the MW.
Magnetic field induced rotation of the d-vector in Sr_2RuO_4
Creators: name: Annett, J. F.
name: Litak, G.
name: Gyorffy, B. L.
name: Wysokinski, K. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The superconductor Sr_2RuO_4 is widely believed to be a spin triplet system with a chiral order parameter analogous to the A phase of superfluid helium-3. The best evidence for this pairing state is that the Knight shift or spin susceptibility measured in neutron scattering is constant below T_c, unlike in a spin-singlet superconductor. The original Knight shift and neutron scattering measurements were performed for magnetic fields aligned in the ruthenate a-b plane. These would be consistent with a triplet d-vector d{k} aligned along the c-axis. However recently the Knight shift for fields along c was also found to be constant below T_c, which is not expected for this symmetry state. In this paper we show that while spin-orbit interaction stabilises the c-axis oriented d-vector, it is possible that only a very small external B field may be sufficient to rotate the d-vector into the a-b plane. In this case the triplet pairing model remains valid. We discuss characteristics of the transition and the prospects to detect it in thermodynamic quantities.
description: 2 pages, 1 figure, Proceedings of the M2S-HTSC conference in Dresden. Requires elsart.sty (included)
A Categorical Semantics for Hierarchical Petri Nets
Creators: name: Genovese, Fabrizio Romano
name: Herold, Jelle
name: Loregian, Fosco
name: Palombi, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We show how a particular variety of hierarchical nets, where the firing of a transition in the parent net must correspond to an execution in some child net, can be modelled utilizing a functorial semantics from a free category -- representing the parent net -- to the category of sets and spans between them. This semantics can be internalized via Grothendieck construction, resulting in the category of executions of a Petri net representing the semantics of the overall hierarchical net. We conclude the paper by giving an engineering-oriented overview of how our model of hierarchical nets can be implemented in a transaction-based smart contract environment.
description: In Proceedings GCM 2021, arXiv:2112.10217
Supplementary Material .docx
Creators: name: COPPOLA, FRANCESCA
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430307
subject: Environmental history

description: Explore and describe the historical spatial and demographic evolution of wolf population in the Pisan hills and of its conflict and coexistence with human throughout the socio-economic, environmental, and cultural changes occurred from the 17th and 21st century
Charged Lepton Flavour Violation and (g-2)_mu in the Littlest Higgs Model with T-Parity: a clear Distinction from Supersymmetry
Creators: name: Blanke, Monika
name: Buras, Andrzej J.
name: Duling, Bjoern
name: Poschenrieder, Anton
name: Tarantino, Cecilia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the rates for the charged lepton flavour violating decays l_i -> l_j gamma, tau -> l pi, tau -> l eta, tau -> l eta', mu^- -> e^- e^+ e^-, the six three body leptonic decays tau^- -> l_i^- l_j^+ l_k^- and the rate for mu-e conversion in nuclei in the Littlest Higgs model with T-Parity (LHT). We also calculate the rates for K_{L,S} -> mu e, K_{L,S} -> pi^0 mu e and B_{d,s} -> l_i l_j. We find that the relative effects of mirror leptons in these transitions are by many orders of magnitude larger than analogous mirror quark effects in rare K and B decays analyzed recently. In particular, in order to suppress the mu -> e gamma and mu^- -> e^- e^+ e^- decay rates and the mu-e conversion rate below the experimental upper bounds, the relevant mixing matrix in the mirror lepton sector V_Hl must be rather hierarchical, unless the spectrum of mirror leptons is quasi-degenerate. We find that the pattern of the LFV branching ratios in the LHT model differs significantly from the one encountered in the MSSM, allowing in a transparent manner to distinguish these two models with the help of LFV processes. We also calculate (g-2)_mu and find the new contributions to a_mu below 10^{-10} and consequently negligible. We compare our results with those present in the literature.
description: 57 pages, 19 figures, 3 tables. Note added on the omitted term in Z-penguin contribution. For an updated analysis see arXiv:0906.5454
A general framework for constrained convex quaternion optimization
Creators: name: Flamant, Julien
name: Miron, Sebastian
name: Brie, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper introduces a general framework for solving constrained convex quaternion optimization problems in the quaternion domain. To soundly derive these new results, the proposed approach leverages the recently developed generalized $\mathbb{HR}$-calculus together with the equivalence between the original quaternion optimization problem and its augmented real-domain counterpart. This new framework simultaneously provides rigorous theoretical foundations as well as elegant, compact quaternion-domain formulations for optimization problems in quaternion variables. Our contributions are threefold: (i) we introduce the general form for convex constrained optimization problems in quaternion variables, (ii) we extend fundamental notions of convex optimization to the quaternion case, namely Lagrangian duality and optimality conditions, (iii) we develop the quaternion alternating direction method of multipliers (Q-ADMM) as a general purpose quaternion optimization algorithm. The relevance of the proposed methodology is demonstrated by solving two typical examples of constrained convex quaternion optimization problems arising in signal processing. Our results open new avenues in the design, analysis and efficient implementation of quaternion-domain optimization procedures.
description: 14 pages
Interface strength of various geosynthetics and soils from ring shear tests
Creators: name: Effendi, Rustam
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Interface strength is one of the major parameters controlling geotechnical constructions that incorporate geosynthetics. However there are, at the time of writing, few data on the interface strength of various geosynthetics with soils. On occasion, slope failures have been attributed to a lack of knowledge on this parameter. The main objective of this thesis is to contribute to the available database on the interface strength of geosynthetics, with emphasis on the implications for design and construction of waste containment facilities. A program of laboratory tests was used to observe and interpret the mobilization of shear strength. Limitations of the direct shear apparatus for simulating the large displacements commonly exhibited in the field led to the selection of the UBC ring shear device for testing. Most tests were performed at a strain rate of 0.04 mm/s, for normal stresses in the general range 50 to 200 kPa. Two types of geosynthetic, geomembranes and geotextiles, and two types of soils, a compacted clay and Ottawa sand, were examined in the program of testing. A marked sensitivity of the interface strength of the compacted clay-eosynthetic to variations of moulding water content in the reconstituted clay is apparent from the results. Clay samples compacted to a moisture content of 26% and 27%, which are nominally 1% and 2 % wet of optimum exhibited residual shear strengths of approximately 75 kPa and 50 kP a respectively. Results for the various geosynthetic-compacted clay interfaces gave residual strengths ranging from 13% to 95% of that for the compacted clay alone, which was assumed to have φ = 23.9° and c = 20.9 kPa. The interface strength of the Ottawa sand and various geomembranes is generally governed by the stiffness, hardness, and texture of a geomembrane and by imposed stress level. It was found that the residual interface friction angles, δ[sub residual], for the interfaces varied from 10.5° to 29.1°. The lower value is for a smooth HDPE, while the higher value is mobilized by a soft PVC at higher stresses. The Ottawa sand/nonwoven geotextile interface strength varied from 24° to 27.8° and appeared to be controlled primarily by the type and the arrangement of fibres composing the fabric. Values of δ[sub residual] for the geomembrane-geotextile interfaces were found to be independent of stress level. They vary widely from 6.1° to 33.8°, and are controlled mainly by the texture and stiffness of geomembranes, and the types and arrangement of filaments composing the geotextile. The lower value is for a smooth HDPE with a geotextile comprising glossier filaments, while the higher value is mobilized by the textured HDPE against a geotextile with filaments that are best-interwoven. Of all interface combinations, the ring shear tests with a smooth HDPE geomembrane always resulted in lowest residual interface strengths.
Clio: a 3-5 micron AO planet-finding camera
Creators: name: Sivanandam, S.
name: Hinz, P. M.
name: Heinze, A. N.
name: Freed, M.
name: Breuninger, A. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Clio is an adaptive-optics camera mounted on the 6.5 meter MMT optimized for diffraction-limited L' and M-band imaging over a ~15'' field. The instrument was designed from the ground up with a large well-depth, fast readout thermal infrared (~3-5 micron) 320 by 256 pixel InSb detector, cooled optics, and associated focal plane and pupil masks (with the option for a coronograph) to minimize the thermal background and maximize throughput. When coupled with the MMT's adaptive secondary AO (two warm reflections) system's low thermal background, this instrument is in a unique position to image nearby warm planets, which are the brightest in the L' and M-band atmospheric windows. We present the current status of this recently commissioned instrument that performed exceptionally during first light. Our instrument sensitivities are impressive and are sky background limited: for an hour of integration, we obtain an L'-band 5 sigma detection limit of of 17.0 magnitudes (Strehl ~80%) and an M-band limit of 14.5 (Strehl ~90%). Our M-band sensitivity is lower due to the increase in thermal sky background. These sensitivities translate to finding relatively young planets five times Jupiter mass at 10 pc within a few AU of a star. Presently, a large Clio survey of nearby stellar systems is underway including a search for planets around solar-type stars, M dwarfs, and white dwarfs. Even with a null result, we can place strong constraints on planet distribution models.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, SPIE Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation 2006 Conference Proceedings, in press
Multi-Qubit Systems: Highly Entangled States and Entanglement Distribution
Creators: name: Borras, A.
name: Plastino, A. R.
name: Batle, J.
name: Zander, C.
name: Casas, M.
name: Plastino, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A comparison is made of various searching procedures, based upon different entanglement measures or entanglement indicators, for highly entangled multi-qubits states. In particular, our present results are compared with those recently reported by Brown et al. [J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 38 (2005) 1119]. The statistical distribution of entanglement values for the aforementioned multi-qubit systems is also explored.
description: 24 pages, 3 figures
Carleson measure estimates for the Green function
Creators: name: David, Guy
name: Li, Linhan
name: Mayboroda, Svitlana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42B37, 35J08, 35J15, 35J20, 35J25

description: In the present paper, we consider an elliptic divergence form operator in the half-space and prove that its Green function is almost affine, or more precisely, that the normalized difference between the Green function and a suitable affine function at every scale satisfies a Carleson measure estimate, provided that the oscillations of the coefficients satisfy the traditional quadratic Carleson condition. The results are sharp, and in particular, it is demonstrated that the class of the operators considered in the paper cannot be improved.
description: 39 pages. Added a remark on the estimates for the second derivatives of the Green function. Added the definition of the Green function with pole at infinity. To appear in Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal
Additional file 1 of Development of a new paradigm model for deciphering action mechanism of Danhong injection using a combination of isothermal shift assay and database interrogation
Creators: name: Wang, Tianxiang
name: Yang, Changmei
name: Tang, Yuxiang
name: Wen, Ke
name: Ma, Yuxin
name: Chen, Yuling
name: Li, Zhiqiang
name: Zhao, Yujiao
name: Zhu, Songbiao
name: Meng, Xianbin
name: Du, Sijing
name: Miao, Zelong
name: Wei, Wei
name: Deng, Haiteng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.
Small-Signal Stability Analysis of a DC Shipboard Microgrid With Droop-Controlled Batteries and Constant Power Resources
Creators: name: Conte, Francesco
name: D'Agostino, Fabio
name: Grillo, Samuele
name: Massucco, Stefano
name: Silvestro, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The presence of constant power loads (CPLs) in dc shipboard microgrids may lead to unstable conditions. The present work investigates the stability properties of dc microgrids where CPLs are fed by fuel cells (FCs), and energy storage systems (ESSs) equipped with voltage droop control. With respect to the previous literature, the dynamics of the duty cycles of the dc-dc converters implementing the droop regulation are considered. A mathematical model has been derived, and tuned to best mimic the behavior of the electrical representation implemented in DIgSILENT. Then the model is used to find the sufficient conditions for stability with respect to the droop coefficient, the dc-bus capacitor, and the inductances of the dc-dc converters.
A double copy for asymptotic symmetries in the self-dual sector
Creators: name: Campiglia, Miguel
name: Nagy, Silvia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a double copy construction for the symmetries of the self-dual sectors of Yang-Mills (YM) and gravity, in the light-cone formulation. We find an infinite set of double copy constructible symmetries. We focus on two families which correspond to the residual diffeomorphisms on the gravitational side. For the first one, we find novel non-perturbative double copy rules in the bulk. The second family has a more striking structure, as a non-perturbative gravitational symmetry is obtained from a perturbatively defined symmetry on the YM side. At null infinity, we find the YM origin of the subset of extended Bondi-Metzner-Sachs (BMS) symmetries that preserve the self-duality condition. In particular, holomorphic large gauge YM symmetries are double copied to holomorphic supertranslations. We also identify the single copy of superrotations with certain non-gauge YM transformations that to our knowledge have not been previously presented in the literature.
description: 45 pages, 1 figure, replaced to match published version
Cheated by deepfakes? deepfake detection ability, people’s reactions, and ethical implications
Creators: name: Jin, Lu (M.S. In Information Studies)
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2020
Subjects: Deepfakes
Ethical implications

description: Recent dramatic developments in the fields of computer vision and deep learning technology have opened up a range of possibilities not previously imagined. The applications of computer vision technology include manipulating any face in any video and changing the environment of photos, just to name a couple of the new applications. However, these applications are already having impacts on our everyday lives. Given these recent advances in computer vision technology, people may not be able to trust images and videos we see on any media channel. These videos and images have the potential to deceive us. Throughout the history of technology development, the pros and cons of new technology are often in dispute. New technology is often sensationalized in terms of the benefits for people, which may go beyond anyone’s control and imagination. For example, the internet was started with a goal of developing a decentralized network. However, due to how it was commercialized in use, the Internet actually became more centralized than had been intended. Since a centralized platform has the advantage of controlling all users’ data and information, these can be sold to companies to help them engage in targeted marketing. Thus, the Internet fell short of its expectations and hype. Now, the focus and hype has largely shifted to artificial intelligence. In which direction will these new technologies go? What are humans’ relationships with these emerging technologies? How can we use this technology safely and ensure that it leads to a future that we want? This goal is the starting point for this report. In this report, I will use the latest FaceForensics++ dataset as a base for an experiment to answer three research questions: First, how well do people detect deepfakes, and what factors affect their ability to detect deepfakes? Second, what are their reactions when deepfakes are revealed ? Third, what do they see as the ethical implications of deepfakes, and how deepfakes could be used or abused? For RQ1, I explore the elements that can help people detect deepfakes. For RQ2, I evaluate their reactions. For RQ3, I explore how they perceive the ethical implications of deepfakes. More generally, my findings offer guidance for thinking about how to rebuild trust in video data in an era of deepfakes?
Ο τελεστής Cesàro είναι υποκανονικός:
Creators: name: Τσαλικίδης, Κυριάκος Θεοκλή
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2014
Subjects: Χώροι Hilbert
Τελεστής Cesàro
Υποκανονικότητα
Hilbert spaces
Cesàro operator
Subnormality

description: Στόχος αυτής της διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι να παρουσιάσει την εργασία “The Cesàro operator is subnormal in l2” των T. L. Kriete και D. Trutt (1971) καθώς και ένα μέρος της εργασίας “Cesàro operators” των A. Brown, P. R. Halmos και A. L. Shields (1965). Περιγράφουμε τον τελεστή Cesàro C, υπολογίζουμε το φάσμα του και δείχνουμε ότι είναι φραγμένος στον l2 και hyponormal. Τελικά, χρησιμοποιώντας τη μορφή που παίρνει ο τελεστής στην κλειστή θήκη των πολυωνύμων στον L2(µ), αποδεικνύουμε ότι ο C είναι subnormal και υπολογίζουμε το φάσμα της επέκτασης του στον L2(µ).
description: This dissertation aims to present T. L. Kriete’ s and D. Trutt’ s article “The Cesàro operator is subnormal in l2” (1971) and a part of the article “Cesàro operators” by A. Brown, P. R. Halmos and A. L. Shields (1965). We describe the Cesàro operator C, calculate its spectrum and prove that it is bounded in l2 and hyponormal. Finally, using the form of C in the closure of the polynomials in L2(µ), we show its subnormality and calculate the spectrum of its extension in L2(µ).
On the effective lifetime of $B_s \to μμγ$
Creators: name: Carvunis, Alexandre
name: Dettori, Francesco
name: Gangal, Shireen
name: Guadagnoli, Diego
name: Normand, Camille
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the $B^0_s \to μ^{+} μ^{-} γ$ effective lifetime, and the related CP-phase sensitive quantity $A_{ΔΓ_s}^{μμγ}$, as a way to obtain qualitatively new insights on the current $B$-decay discrepancies. Through a fit comparing pre- to post-Moriond-2021 data we identify a few theory benchmark scenarios addressing these discrepancies, and featuring large CP violation in addition. We then explore the possibility of telling apart these scenarios with $A_{ΔΓ_s}^{μμγ}$, once resonance-modeling and form-factor uncertainties are taken into account. We do so in both regions of low and high invariant di-lepton mass-squared $q^2$. For low $q^2$, we show how to shape the integration range in order to reduce the impact of the $ϕ$-resonance modelling on the $A_{ΔΓ_s}^{μμγ}$ prediction. For high $q^2$, we find that the corresponding pollution from broad-charmonium resonances has a surprisingly small effect on $A_{ΔΓ_s}^{μμγ}$. This is due to a number of cancellations, that can be traced back to the complete dominance of semi-leptonic operator contributions for high $q^2$ -- at variance with low $q^2$ -- and to $A_{ΔΓ_s}^{μμγ}$ behaving like a ratio-of-amplitudes observable. Our study suggests that $A_{ΔΓ_s}^{μμγ}$ is -- especially at high $q^2$ -- a potentially valuable probe of short-distance CP-violating effects in the very same Wilson coefficients that are associated to current $b \to s$ discrepancies. Its discriminating power, however, relies on progress in form-factor uncertainties. Interestingly, high $q^2$ is the region where $B^0_s \to μ^{+} μ^{-} γ$ is already being accessed experimentally, and the region where form factors are more accessible through non-perturbative QCD methods.
description: 37 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables. v4: major overhaul of numerics, because of inclusion of new form-factor parameterization made available in the literature; added appendix D on analytic argument for near-cancellation of broad-charmonium uncertainties; main conclusions unchanged. Matches journal version
Massive-Star Supernovae as Major Dust Factories
Creators: name: Sugerman, Ben E. K.
name: Ercolano, Barbara
name: Barlow, M. J.
name: Tielens, A. G. G. M.
name: Clayton, Geoffrey C.
name: Zijlstra, Albert A.
name: Meixner, Margaret
name: Speck, Angela
name: Gledhill, Tim M.
name: Panagia, Nino
name: Cohen, Martin
name: Gordon, Karl D.
name: Meyer, Martin
name: Fabbri, Joanna
name: Bowey, J. E.
name: Welch, Douglas L.
name: Regan, Michael W.
name: Kennicutt,, Robert C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present late-time optical and mid-infrared observations of the Type-II supernova 2003gd in NGC 628. Mid-infrared excesses consistent with cooling dust in the ejecta are observed 499-678 days after outburst, and are accompanied by increasing optical extinction and growing asymmetries in the emission-line profiles. Radiative-transfer models show that up to 0.02 solar masses of dust has formed within the ejecta, beginning as early as 250 days after outburst. These observations show that dust formation in supernova ejecta can be efficient and that massive-star supernovae can be major dust producers throughout the history of the Universe.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure. Accepted 2006 May 30 for publication in Science; Published in 2006 Jun 8 edition of Science Express; 2nd version fixes minor change in conclusion made in press
A Primer on Crop Insurance
Creators: name: Leathers, Howard
name: Goeringer, Paul
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2015
Subjects: Crop Insurance
USDA
Risk Management Agency
Crop Insurance Basics
Insurance Unit

description: Fundamentally, risk management on a farm is aimed at smoothing out the income or profit stream over time. This is accomplished by accepting lower incomes or profits during good times in exchange for higher incomes or profits during bad times.

Crop insurance is an important tool for risk management.  This paper describes comprehensively the details about how crop insurance works.  Because crop insurance uses futures market prices in some important ways, the paper also briefly reviews how futures markets operate.
description: Fundamentally, risk management on a farm is aimed at smoothing out the income or profit stream over time. This is accomplished by accepting lower incomes or profits during good times in exchange for higher incomes or profits during bad times.

Crop insurance is an important tool for risk management.  This paper describes comprehensively the details about how crop insurance works.  Because crop insurance uses futures market prices in some important ways, the paper also briefly reviews how futures markets operate.
description: Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics,