cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Pulsar wind nebulae of runaway massive stars
Creators: name: Meyer, D. M. -A.
name: Meliani, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A significant fraction of massive stars move at speed through the interstellar medium of galaxies. After their death as core collapse supernovae, a possible final evolutionary state is that of a fast rotating magnetised neutron star, shaping its circumstellar medium into a pulsar wind nebula. Understanding the properties of pulsar wind nebulae requires knowledge of the evolutionary history of their massive progenitors. Using 2.5D magnetohydrodynamical simulations, we demonstrate that, in the context of a runaway high mass red supergiant supernova progenitor, the morphology of its subsequent pulsar wind nebula is strongly affected by the wind of the defunct progenitor star preshaping the stellar surroundings throughout its entire past life. In particular, pulsar wind nebulae of obscured runaway massive stars harbour asymmetries function of the morphology of the progenitors wind blown cavity, inducing projected asymmetric up down synchrotron emission.
description: Accepted at MNRAS Letters (5 pages, 3 figures)
QUANTUMOONLIGHT: A Low-Code Platform to Experiment Quantum Machine Learning for Software Maintenance and Evolution Problem
Creators: name: Catolino, Gemma
name: Giordano, Giammaria
name: Lambiase, Stefano
name: Pontillo, Valeria
name: Sellitto, Giulia
name: Palomba, Fabio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 80309 Software Engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Applied Computer Science

description: This item contains the replication package related to the paper "QuantuMoonLight: A Low-Code Platform to Experiment Quantum Machine Learning for Software Maintenance and Evolution Problems".
 We report the result of the experiments conducted for code smells and flaky tests prediction.
 In addition, you can find a copy of the user manual where additional information on using QuantuMoonLight can be found.
Infiltration of stormwater runoff for groundwater recharge, Dane County, Wisconsin
Creators: name: Montgomery, R.
name: Gaffield, S. J.
name: Zolidis, N. R.
Publisher: name: DTU Library, Technical University of Denmark (DTU)
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Stormwater infiltration
subject: groundwater recharge
subject: water supply
subject: surface water withdrawal mitigation

description: Groundwater recharge using urban watershed stormwater is being implemented in Madison, Wisconsin in response to State of Wisconsin permit requirements for a new cogeneration facility that draws its water supply from Lake Mendota. Recharge site selection and system design required evaluation of available runoff volume, source water quality, soil permeability, potential aquifer impacts, pretreatment of recharge water, permit requirements, and public perception. Stormwater will be pumped from a flooded wetland and infiltrated between fairways in an adjacent golf course. Site characterization included hydraulic tests and chemical analyses of the pond and groundwater. We used an integrated modeling approach to predict system performance and impacts, including hydrologic modeling of watershed runoff, hydraulic modeling of pond stage fluctuations and water supply, and groundwater modeling of water table mounding and aquifer transport relative to nearby water supply wells. The two main issues identified as critical to the recharge project success were: 1) minimizing soil clogging due to suspended solids loading through microfiltration and designing to allow inactive periods; and 2) understanding potential risks to groundwater quality and benefits to baseflow and water quality of lakes in the watershed.
TraceMyFish D1.2 - Data Management Plan
Creators: name: Koukourikos, Antonis
name: Zervas, Panagiotis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: The report outlines how data and metadata will be collected, processed or generated in the context of the TraceMyFish Project. It also details on the provisions to ensure data integrity, security, privacy, and preservation, as well as the preliminary measures and directions to secure the maximum compliance of TraceMyFish data with the FAIR principles. The Data Management Plan will be a living document that will be regularly updated by the project partners in order to align with the needs and requirements of the project. As the data needs and the operation of the TraceMyFish data platform is concretised, updated versions of this document will be provided, updating all the sections affected by the developments and findings of the project.
Temporal progress and development of common rust of maize (Puccinia sorghi Schw.) and its effect on yield and yield components of hybrid maize varieties in eastern Ethiopia Zelalem Bekeko,*School of Plant Sciences, Haramaya University P.O. Box 138, Dire D
Creators: name: Bekeko, Zelalem
Publisher: name: Arsi Journal of Science and Innovation
Year: 2022

description: Under favorable environmental conditions, common rust of maize is the most devastating foliar disease of maize. West Hararghe middle lands, Eastern Ethiopia are hot spot areas for the development of the disease. Field experiments were conducted to determine the temporal development of common rust and its effect on grain yield and yield components on hybrid maize varieties at Haramaya University, Chiro Campus, during the 2013 and 2014 cropping seasons. The experiment was arranged in split plot design with three replications under natural epidemics. A contact fungicide Mancozeb (75%WP) at different rates (control, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5 and 6.0 kg ha -1 ) was applied five times at every seven days during the experimental period. Data on agronomic and disease parameters were recorded from the middle two rows. From the combined analysis of variance, maize varieties showed significant differences with reaction to common rust of maize, indicating the existence of genetic variability among the selected varieties. Up to 65% and 52% common rust severity levels were recorded on the varieties BH-140 and Shone, respectively. There was also a significant difference in the overall mean of common rust severity, incidence and Area under Disease Progress Curve(AUDPC) values among the varieties and spray intervals. On BH-140 and Shone common rust was progressing at rate of 0.0850 and 0.0352 units per day, respectively. Critical point model was found to be better than multiple point model and AUDPC values in estimating the relationships between common rust severity and yield as well as most of the yield components(R 2 =96). The disease resulted in grain yield loss of up to 45%, 42% and 10% on BH-140, Shone and BH-660, respectively. Maximum yield reduction of 45% and severity of 65% were recorded from the unsprayed plots. In conclusion, application of Mancozeb at a rate of (4.5 and 6.0 kg ha -1 ) contributed in the reduction of the effect of the disease and its temporal development on maize varieties in sprayed plots. Therefore, an integrated disease management strategy (fungicide and host resistance) should be employed in managing this disease in the study area.
description: Arsi Journal of Science and Innovation , Vol. 2 No. 1 (2017): Arsi Journal of Science and Innovation
Using Non-Negative Matrix Factorization to Improve Calibration of the Keck OSIRIS Integral Field Spectrograph
Creators: name: Horstman, Katelyn
name: Fitzgerald, Michael P.
name: Lyke, James E.
name: Yeh, Sherry C. C.
name: Chu, Devin S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Integral Field Spectrographs (IFS) often require non-trivial calibration techniques to process raw data. The OH Suppressing InfraRed Imaging Spectrograph (OSIRIS) at the W. M. Keck Observatory is a lenslet-based IFS that requires precise methods to associate the flux on the detector with both a wavelength and a position on the detector. During calibration scans, a single column lenslet mask is utilized to keep light from adjacent lenslet columns separate from the primary lenslet column, in order to uniquely determine spectral response of individual lenslets on the detector. Despite employing a single column lenslet mask, an issue associated with such calibration schemes may occur when light from adjacent masked lenslet columns leaks into the primary lenslet column. Incorrectly characterizing the flux due to additional light in the primary lenslet column results in one form of crosstalk between lenslet columns, which most clearly manifest as non-physical artifacts in the spectral dimension of the reduced data. We treat the problem of potentially blended calibration scans as a source separation problem and implement Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) as a way to separate blended calibration scan spectra. After applying NMF to calibration scan data, extracted spectra from calibration scans show reduced crosstalk of up to 26.7$\pm$0.5$\%$ while not adversely impacting the signal-to-noise ratio. Additionally, we determined the optimal number of calibration scans per lenslet column needed to create NMF factors, finding that greatest reduction crosstalk occurs when NMF factors are created using one calibration scan per lenslet column.
influence of rainfall runoff and sewer characteristics on soluble transport
Creators: name: M\303\274ller, I.
name: Krebs, P.
Publisher: name: DTU Library, Technical University of Denmark (DTU)
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Dissolved matter transport
subject: hydrodynamics
subject: rainfall runoff characteristics
subject: sewer properties
subject: simulation
subject: wave propagation phenomena

description: ABSTRACT When looking at acute receiving water impacts due to combined sewer overflows the characteristics of rainfall runoff and the sewer properties may influence the peak loads of dissolved matter significantly. In this paper, the influences on the dynamic soluble transport in the sewer are evaluated by means of hydrodynamic simulations. The simulations are based on different scenarios for rainfall runoff characteristics and sewer properties.
Quasars with Proper Motions and the Link to Double and Multiple AGNs
Creators: name: Makarov, Valeri V.
name: Secrest, Nathan J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gaia used a large sample of photometrically selected active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and quasars to remove the residual spin of its global proper motion system in order to achieve a maximally inertial reference frame. A small fraction of these reference objects have statistically significant astrometric proper motions in Gaia EDR3. We compile a source sample of $105,593$ high-fidelity AGNs with accurate spectroscopically determined redshifts above 0.5 from the SDSS and normalized proper motions below 4. The rate of genuinely perturbed proper motions is at least 0.17\%. A smaller high completeness sample of 152 quasars with excess proper motions at a confidence level of 0.9995 is examined in detail. Pan-STARRS images and Gaia-resolved pairs reveal that 29\% of the sample are either double sources or gravitationally lensed quasars. An Anderson--Darling test on parameters of a smaller high-reliability sample and their statistical controls reveals 17 significant factors that favor multiplicity and multi-source structure as the main cause of perturbed astrometry. Using a nearest neighbor distance statistical analysis and counts of close companions in Gaia on a much larger initial sample of AGNs, an excess of closely separated sources in Gaia is detected. At least 0.33\% of all optical quasars are genuinely double or multiply imaged. We provide a list of 44 candidate double or multiple AGNs and four previously known gravitational lenses. Many proper motion quasars may be more closely separated, unresolved doubles exhibiting the variability imposed motion (VIM) effect, and a smaller fraction may be chance alignments with foreground stars causing weak gravitational lensing.
description: Accepted for publication in AAS journal
Assessment of extraneous water inflow in separated sewer networks
Creators: name: Karpf, C.
name: Krebs, P.
Publisher: name: DTU Library, Technical University of Denmark (DTU)
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Extraneous water
subject: infiltration
subject: rehabilitation
subject: separated sewer system

description: Separate sewer systems provide due to the separate transport and treatment of waste water and rain water an efficient sewerage technology. But the advantage compared to combined system technology gets lost if the input of extraneous water exceeds the capacity of the system. Especially the input of rainwater into the waste water pipes depending on the drained area is responsible for an overload of the sewer system and the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). In the paper the input of extraneous water induced by groundwater and rainwater in different rural catchments in the City of Dresden is assessed. On the base of a hydrodynamic network model a case study is carried out for one of these catchments. The analysis of the current status of the studied area allows the identification of rehabilitation activities and, furthermore, gives an indication on their extent and effects.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 13190, einen Zürcher Lückentag ergänzend.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 10.12.1935, erstellt von Friedrich Buser in der privaten Beobachtungsstation im Prätschli in Arosa
Creators: name: Buser, Friedrich
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1935

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der privaten Beobachtungsstation Prätschli in Arosa, später ergänzt mit einer kleinen Tabelle für die Auszählung der Flecken nach ihrer Verteilung auf Abschnitte der sichtbaren Sonnenhälfte, nach Quadrant bzw. nach Halbkugel (N, S, W, E). Instrument: 15-cm-Zeiss-Refraktor.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Unter Umständen sind tabellarisch notierte Werte, die für Protuberanzen mit rot geschrieben wurden, direkt auf der Fleckenzeichnung vermerkt
description: ETH-Bibliothek
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 13167.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 14.11.1935, erstellt von William Brunner, Assistent
Creators: name: Eidgenössische Sternwarte in Zürich (ETH Zürich bzw. vor 1911 Polytechnikum)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1935

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich, später ergänzt mit einer kleinen Tabelle für die Auszählung der Flecken nach ihrer Verteilung auf Abschnitte der sichtbaren Sonnenhälfte, nach Quadrant bzw. nach Halbkugel (N, S, W, E). Instrument: Kern-Merz-Refraktor.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Zugeordnete numerische Werte wurden in einer separat geführten, chronologischen Tabelle erfasst. Unter Umständen sind tabellarisch notierte Werte, die für Protuberanzen mit rot geschrieben wurden, direkt auf der Fleckenzeichnung vermerkt
description: ETH-Bibliothek
Insight-HXMT discovery of the highest energy CRSF from the first Galactic ultra-luminous X-ray pulsar Swift J0243.6+6124
Creators: name: Kong, Ling-Da
name: Zhang, Shu
name: Zhang, Shuang-Nan
name: Ji, Long
name: Doroshenko, Victor
name: Santangelo, Andrea
name: Chen, Yu-Peng
name: Lu, Fang-Jun
name: Ge, Ming-Yu
name: Wang, Peng-Ju
name: Tao, Lian
name: Qu, Jin-Lu
name: Li, Ti-Pei
name: Liu, Cong-Zhan
name: Liao, Jin-Yuan
name: Chang, Zhi
name: Peng, Jing-Qiang
name: Shui, Qing-Cang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detection of cyclotron resonance scattering features (CRSFs) is the only way to directly and reliably measure the magnetic field near the surface of a neutron star (NS). The broad energy coverage and large collection area of \emph{Insight}-HXMT in the hard X-ray band allowed us to detect the CRSF with the highest energy known to date, reaching about 146 keV during the 2017 outburst of the first galactic pulsing ultraluminous X-ray source (pULX) Swift J0243.6+6124. During this outburst, the CRSF was only prominent close to the peak luminosity $\sim 2\times10^{39}$ erg s$^{-1}$, the highest to date in any of the Galactic pulsars. The CRSF is most significant in the spin phase region corresponding to the main pulse of the pulse profile, and its centroid energy evolves with phase from 120 to 146 keV. We identify this feature as the fundamental CRSF, since no spectral feature exists at $60-70$ keV. This is the first unambiguous detection of an electron CRSF from an ULX. We also estimate a surface magnetic field $\sim1.6\times10^{13}$ G for Swift J0243.6+6124. Considering that the dipole magnetic field strengths, inferred from several independent estimates of magnetosphere radius, are at least an order of magnitude lower than our measurement, we argue that the detection of the highest energy CRSF reported here unambiguously proves the presence of multipole field components close to the surface of the neutron star. Such a scenario has previously been suggested for several pulsating ULXs, including Swift J0243.6+6124, and our result represents the first direct confirmation of this scenario.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJL
Evaluation and Selection of Ethiopian Bread Wheat Varieties Using Linear Mixed Model
Creators: name: Demisie, Dejene
name: Taye, Girma
name: Kedir, Adem
Publisher: name: Arsi Journal of Science and Innovation
Year: 2022

description: Ethiopia is a country with diverse agro ecological settings which make the yield of crop variety fluctuate and make selection of best variety difficult. This study was conducted to select best bread wheat variety, variety that has higher performance with relatively stable performance across varying environments, by evaluating the varieties in terms their average performance and stability across the test environments. The yield and stability of the performance of 17 bread wheat genotypes across 18 test environments was evaluated using linear mixed model. The yield performance of genotypes was evaluated using different types of BLUPs. The stability of genotypes was evaluated using different methods under mixed model assumption. Genotypes such as ETBW5798, ETBW5800 and ETBW5879 were generally identified to have higher average yield with relatively stable performance across the test environments whereas Digelu, ETBW5875 and ETBW5899 were generally found to have poor performance in terms of average yield and stability as well. Currently very efficient experimental designs for agricultural experiment such as IBD, and Lattice designs have been introduced and such designs are not suitable for analysis using the usual fixed effect model and are better fitted using linear mixed model. So, a future multi environmental trial study that uses such designs must use the linear mixed model.
description: Arsi Journal of Science and Innovation , Vol. 1 No. 1 (2016): Arsi Journal of Science and Innovation
The distribution of radio quiet active galactic nuclei in the star formation-stellar mass plane
Creators: name: Garofalo, D.
name: Mountrichas, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: That active galactic nuclei (AGN) with jets can alternately enhance as well as suppress star formation rates, explains the location and slope of radio loud AGN on the star formation rate-stellar mass plane. Here, we explore 860 type 1 and 2 AGN at z<0.2 from the ROSAT-2XRS survey in order to understand both different location and lower slopes for non-jetted AGN in the star formation rate-stellar mass plane. We describe the nature of these differences in terms of different degrees of black hole feedback, with relatively weak negative feedback from non-jetted AGN compared to both relatively strong positive and negative feedback from jetted AGN. The validity of these ideas brings us a step closer towards understanding the black hole scaling relation across space and time.
description: Accepted for publication in Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific (PASP)
Determinants of Participation in Entrepreneurial Activities in Arsi Zone, Oromiya, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Beriso, Beshir Shaku
name: Kedir, Adem
name: Legesse, Belaineh
Publisher: name: Arsi Journal of Science and Innovation
Year: 2022

description: The main objective of this paper is to assess determinants of participation in entrepreneurial activities in an urban setting with a case study from Arsi administrative Zone central part of Ethiopia. Primary data were collected from 184 households (84% male and 16% female), selected randomly from four towns. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, tests of hypothesis and binary logistic regression model. Results reveal that 28%, 26%, 18%, 13%, 13% and 2% households were engaged in running shops, boutique, wood works, metal works, café and restaurant and others works, respectively. It was also found that participation in entrepreneurial activities is positively influenced by sex of household head, square age of households, educational level and household size but, negatively affected by age of household heads and economic status of parents. The economic status of parents influence household heads directly or indirectly with respect to generating their own income.
description: Arsi Journal of Science and Innovation , Vol. 1 No. 1 (2016): Arsi Journal of Science and Innovation
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 13202.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 26.12.1935, erstellt von William Brunner, Assistent
Creators: name: Eidgenössische Sternwarte in Zürich (ETH Zürich bzw. vor 1911 Polytechnikum)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1935

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich, später ergänzt mit einer kleinen Tabelle für die Auszählung der Flecken nach ihrer Verteilung auf Abschnitte der sichtbaren Sonnenhälfte, nach Quadrant bzw. nach Halbkugel (N, S, W, E). Instrument: Kern-Merz-Refraktor.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Zugeordnete numerische Werte wurden in einer separat geführten, chronologischen Tabelle erfasst. Unter Umständen sind tabellarisch notierte Werte, die für Protuberanzen mit rot geschrieben wurden, direkt auf der Fleckenzeichnung vermerkt
description: ETH-Bibliothek
A (semi)-exact Hamiltonian for the curvature perturbation $ζ$
Creators: name: Kaya, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The total Hamiltonian in general relativity, which involves the first class Hamiltonian and momentum constraints, weakly vanishes. However, when the action is expanded around a classical solution as in the case of a single scalar field inflationary model, there appears a non-vanishing Hamiltonian and additional first class constraints; but this time the theory becomes perturbative in the number of fluctuation fields. We show that one can reorganize this expansion and solve the Hamiltonian constraint exactly, which yield an explicit all order action. On the other hand, the momentum constraint can be solved perturbatively in the tensor modes $γ_{ij}$ by still keeping the curvature perturbation $ζ$ dependence exact. In this way, after gauge fixing, one can obtain a semi-exact Hamiltonian for $ζ$ which only gets corrections from the interactions with the tensor modes (hence the Hamiltonian becomes exact when the tensor perturbations set to zero). The equations of motion clearly exhibit when the evolution of $ζ$ involves a logarithmic time dependence, which is a subtle point that has been debated in the literature. We discuss the long wavelength and late time limits, and obtain some simple but non-trivial classical solutions of the $ζ$ zero-mode.
description: 19 pages, revtex 4-1, to appear in Classical and Quantum Gravity
Neosclerus brevipennis
Creators: name: Assing, V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Neosclerus
Neosclerus brevipennis

description: Neosclerus brevipennis (CAMERON 1943)
(Map 3)
Material examined India: 1, Darjeeling district, Adheri Khola, 27.XII.1980, leg. Bhakta (NHMB).
Comment: The known distribution of N. brevipennis includes West Bengal, Assam, and Arunachal Pradesh in northern and northeastern India, as well as Bhutan; female-based records are known also from eastern Nepal (Map 3).
description: Published as part of Assing, V., 2013, A revision of Neosclerus CAMERON III. Two new species from India and Laos, and additional records (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae), pp. 1549-1559 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 45 (2) on page 1557, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5302500
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung, unnummeriert.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 30.12.1935, erstellt als Zürcher Tagesaufnahme von William Brunner, Assistent
Creators: name: Eidgenössische Sternwarte in Zürich (ETH Zürich bzw. vor 1911 Polytechnikum)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1935

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Kern-Merz-Refraktor.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Zugeordnete numerische Werte wurden in einer separat geführten, chronologischen Tabelle erfasst. Unter Umständen sind tabellarisch notierte Werte, die für Protuberanzen mit rot geschrieben wurden, direkt auf der Fleckenzeichnung vermerkt
description: ETH-Bibliothek
Presentation on "Group IV Nanowires: Fabrication, Characterisation and Applications" for Electron Beam Technologies (EBT) 2022 conference
Creators: name: Georgiev, Yordan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: radical
nanowire devices
nanowires
junctionless nanowire transistors
gas sensor
nanofabrication
environmental monitoring
electronic sensor

description: Abstract: Semiconductor nanowires (NWs) attract significant attention due to their superb electrical and mechanical properties and large surface area to volume ratio. They are promising building blocks of devices for a number of possible applications such as nanoelectronics, nanophotonics, photovoltaics, sensorics, etc. Among the large variety of semiconductor NWs, the ones based on group IV elements – mainly silicon (Si), germanium (Ge) and their alloys with tin (Sn) (Si1-x-yGeySnx) – stand out because of their appealing properties and superior compatibility with the well-established silicon technology. This is an important prerequisite for their relatively easy integration into the existing semiconductor fabrication platforms.
 In the talk, the NWs that we work with will first be presented. These include top-down fabricated Si and Ge NWs as well as nanowires of binary and ternary Si1-x-yGeySnx alloys with varying content of the different elements. Particular attention will be paid to structural and electrical characterisation of the nanowires and especially to Hall Effect measurements using a novel six-contact Hall bar configuration with symmetric contact bars located opposite to each other. Such a configuration with narrow bars increases the precision of Hall contacts fabrication and enhances the accuracy of the Hall Effect measurement by avoiding shorting out the Hall voltage. This allows to reliably evaluate the electrical properties of even very small nanowires, down to 20-30 nm, and quantify their carrier concentration (n), Hall mobility (μH), and resistivity (ρ).
 The innovative nanoelectronic devices that we are targeting will also be discussed, namely junctionless nanowire transistors (JNTs) and reconfigurable field effect transistors (RFETs). We are in particular interested in Si JNTs for sensing application as well as in Ge, SiGe, GeSn and SiGeSn JNTs for digital logic. In the case of RFETs, we are currently working on Si, SiGe and GeSn RFETs and planning to work also on SiGeSn RFETs. Different configurations of such devices will be discussed together with their structural and electrical characterisation. Additional Information: Yordan Georgiev delivered this presentation at the 14th International Conference on Electron Beam Technologies. RADICAL represents a 'Fundamental Breakthrough in Detection of Atmospheric Free Radicals'. Find out more on the RADICAL project website: radical-air.eu The RADICAL project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement number 899282.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 13197, einen Zürcher Lückentag ergänzend.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 19.12.1935, erstellt von Friedrich Buser in der privaten Beobachtungsstation im Prätschli in Arosa
Creators: name: Buser, Friedrich
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1935

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der privaten Beobachtungsstation Prätschli in Arosa, später ergänzt mit einer kleinen Tabelle für die Auszählung der Flecken nach ihrer Verteilung auf Abschnitte der sichtbaren Sonnenhälfte, nach Quadrant bzw. nach Halbkugel (N, S, W, E). Instrument: 15-cm-Zeiss-Refraktor.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Unter Umständen sind tabellarisch notierte Werte, die für Protuberanzen mit rot geschrieben wurden, direkt auf der Fleckenzeichnung vermerkt
description: ETH-Bibliothek
Batch, column and sandbox experiments of flow and biodegradation of tetrachloroethylene
Creators: name: Langevoort, Marian
name: Hassanizadeh, Majid
name: Langevoort, Marian
Publisher: name: XVI International Conference on Computational Methods in Water Resources
Year: 2006

description: Tetrachloroethylene (PCE) is a common and widespread contaminant of soil and
groundwater. It is classified as a dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL), a liquid
which has a higher density than water and is immiscible with water. In this
research, we combine batch, column, and sandbox experiments and numerical modelling
to investigate the potential for enhanced biodegradation of PCE at high
concentrations, in a source zone.
Batch experiments have shown that reductive biodegradation of pure PCE may take
place. Batches consisted of a pure DNAPL, i.e. PCE of TCE, and anaerobic
groundwater containing a bacterial consortium that was known to be able to
dechlorinate these compounds. Batches were conducted as preliminary work for the
column experiments.
In the column experiments, a small source zone of entrapped PCE is created in the
upper part of a water-saturated column that is filled with a sandy soil. The dyed
PCE is immobile in this case, but it will slowly dissolve and it will be subject to
biodegradation within the remaining downstream part of the column. Dissolved PCE,
biodegradation products, and pH will be monitored along the column, by using water
sampling ports.
A 2D sandbox is designed, in which a horizontal groundwater and a vertical DNAPL
flow will be established. A given volume of PCE will be infiltrated so that it will
flow downwards into the sandbox but will not reach the head chambers and will not
give rise to a large pool at the bottom of the sandbox.
Manometers, TDR probes, water sampling ports will allow for monitoring water
pressures, DNAPL flow and saturation, biomass dissolved in water, pH, and dissolved
PCE and biodegradation products. Visual observation of dyed PCE through the glass
front wall will give a picture of the NAPL distribution and its variation with time.
In order to direct experimental efforts towards the most important parameters,
numerical model studies of water and DNAPL fluxes and DNAPL dissolution in the
experimental set-up are performed. Different scenarios are considered, where flow
velocities of aqueous phase and DNAPL are varied. Results of these simulations have
been used to make an optimum design of the sandbox setup.
Experimental methods and set-up will be presented and preliminary results will be
discussed.
Causes for Instructors’ Intensions to Leave Public Universities in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Kedir, Adem
name: Dechassa, Nigussie
name: Shaku, Behsir
name: Abebe, Alebachew
name: Haile, Sitotaw
Publisher: name: Arsi Journal of Science and Innovation
Year: 2022

description: Background: Staff retention has become a difficult task at public universities in Ethiopia where there is high staff turnover. Senior and seasoned teaching and research staff often leave the universities for better paying jobs in other organizations. Identifying the root causes of staff attrition at public universities in the country is a key issue for ensuring staff retention that may enable to attain sustainable expansion and quality of education and research. A focus on such issue would enable policy makers to plan strategies that would reduce attrition rate of teaching and research staff who are key role players in ensuring quality education and research at public universities in the country. Objectives: The objective of the study was to elucidate factors that cause staff attrition at public universities in Ethiopia and suggest remedial measures. Methods: This study was undertaken in 2013/14 academic year at 13 public (government) universities. It was undertaken through self-administered questionnaires and discussions with instructors, students, and university leadership. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics with the support of some tests of hypothesis where comparisons were found to be necessary. Results: The study revealed that there was low level of motivation of staff to continue working at the universities. Accordingly, 63% of the interviewed instructors responded that they had low motivation to work at the universities and 73% revealed their intention to leave their jobs in the near future. Low salaries and dissatisfaction with poor governance systems of the universities were mentioned to be the major reasons for staff to leave their jobs. The interview results also indicate that the salaries to be paid at the universities in the study year should be 19,641.89 (Nineteen Thousand and six hundred and forty-one and 89 cents) for a person with the academic rank of professor, for example. The salary issue is, however, resolved in 2016 to the extent that is equivalent to the recommendation of this study. Recommendations: Recommended solutions include installing staff benefits beyond salary and improving the working environment for the staff, including good governance. It is important also to make further study in order to see the effect of policy lag and make necessary adjustments.
description: Arsi Journal of Science and Innovation , Vol. 1 No. 1 (2016): Arsi Journal of Science and Innovation
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 13179.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 27.11.1935, erstellt von William Brunner, Assistent
Creators: name: Eidgenössische Sternwarte in Zürich (ETH Zürich bzw. vor 1911 Polytechnikum)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1935

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich, später ergänzt mit einer kleinen Tabelle für die Auszählung der Flecken nach ihrer Verteilung auf Abschnitte der sichtbaren Sonnenhälfte, nach Quadrant bzw. nach Halbkugel (N, S, W, E). Instrument: Kern-Merz-Refraktor.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Zugeordnete numerische Werte wurden in einer separat geführten, chronologischen Tabelle erfasst. Unter Umständen sind tabellarisch notierte Werte, die für Protuberanzen mit rot geschrieben wurden, direkt auf der Fleckenzeichnung vermerkt
description: ETH-Bibliothek
Breeding Practices and Reproductive Performance of Crossbred Dairy Cattle in the Urban and Peri-urban Smallholder Dairy Production System of Arsi Highland, Oromia National Regional State, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Terefe, Endashaw
name: Tsegaye, Dereje
name: Deddefo, Abiyot
Publisher: name: Arsi Journal of Science and Innovation
Year: 2022

description: The study was conducted to assess the breeding practice and reproductive performance of crossbred dairy cattle in the urban and peri-urban smallholder dairy cattle production systems of Tiyo, DigeluTijo and LemuBilbilo districts of Arsi. 260 households were selected and data on herd composition, breeding practice and reproduction were collected using questionnaire. A total of 476 cows were studied for reproductive performances. The herd composition comprises cow (2.8±0.1), heifers (1.3±0.1), calves (1.5±0.1) and breeding bull (0.2±0.03) and was significantly higher in the peri-urban but the same among the three districts. Number of cow comprises highest proportion of the herd in the urban (57.0%) and peri-urban (49.9%) production systems. AI and natural bull service is the mating system practicing in the districts. The use of AI or bull service only or combination of AI and bull services was significantly different between the two production systems and among the three districts. Farmers get AI service either calling to AI technicians and get the service in their farm or taking their cows to AI service center.
description: Arsi Journal of Science and Innovation , Vol. 1 No. 1 (2016): Arsi Journal of Science and Innovation
ALMA Images the Eccentric HD 53143 Debris Disk
Creators: name: MacGregor, Meredith A.
name: Hurt, Spencer A.
name: Stark, Christopher C.
name: Howard, Ward S.
name: Weinberger, Alycia J.
name: Ren, Bin
name: Schneider, Glenn
name: Choquet, Elodie
name: Mawet, Dmitri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present ALMA 1.3 mm observations of the HD~53143 debris disk - the first infrared or millimeter image produced of this ~1 Gyr-old solar-analogue. Previous HST STIS coronagraphic imaging did not detect flux along the minor axis of the disk which could suggest a face-on geometry with two 'clumps' of dust. These ALMA observations reveal a disk with a strikingly different structure. In order to fit models to the millimeter visibilities and constrain the uncertainties on the disk parameters, we adopt an MCMC approach. This is the most eccentric debris disk observed to date with a forced eccentricity of $0.21\pm0.02$, nearly twice that of the Fomalhaut debris disk, and also displays apocenter glow. Although this eccentric model fits the outer debris disk well, there are significant interior residuals remaining that may suggest a possible edge-on inner disk, which remains unresolved in these observations. Combined with the observed structure difference between HST and ALMA, these results suggest a potential previous scattering event or dynamical instability in this system. We also note that the stellar flux changes considerably over the course of our observations, suggesting flaring at millimeter wavelengths. Using simultaneous TESS observations, we determine the stellar rotation period to be $9.6\pm0.1$ days.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables, published in ApJ Letters
Numerical Aspects of Density Driven Flow in Porous Media
Creators: name: Johannsen, Klaus
name: Johannsen, Klaus
Publisher: name: XVI International Conference on Computational Methods in Water Resources
Year: 2006

description: The analysis as well as the numerical simulation of density driven flow in porous
media is still a challenging task. Whereas thorough theoretical investigations are
limited to special situations, the numerical treatment, especially of real-world
problems, requires special numerical techniques. In this talk we focus on two
aspects, which are relevant in this context. The first deals with the design of
robust multigrid solvers for problems with high spatial anisotropies. In the second
part, we investigate (a class of) saltwater intrusion problems. Their solutions give
rise to a special type of numerical problemis. Numerical results are presented
confirming the
theoretical considerations.
The Equilibrium Tide: An Updated Prescription for Population Synthesis Codes
Creators: name: Preece, Holly P.
name: Hamers, Adrian S.
name: Neunteufel, Patrick G.
name: Schafer, Adam L.
name: Tout, Christopher A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an updated prescription for the equilibrium tides suitable for population synthesis codes. A grid of 1D evolutionary models was created and the viscous time-scale was calculated for each detailed model. A metallicity dependent power-law relation was fitted to both the convective cores and convective envelopes of the models. The prescription was implemented into the population synthesis code BSE and predicts an 16.5% reduction in the overall number of merges, with those involving main-sequence stars most affected. The new prescription also reduces the overall supernova rate by 3.6% with individual channels being differently affected. The single degenerate Ia supernova occurrence is reduced by 12.8%. The merging of two Carbon Oxygen white dwarfs to cause a Ia supernova occurs 16% less frequently. The number of sub-synchronously rotating stars in close binaries is substantially increased with our prescription, as is the number of non-circularized systems at the start of common-envelope evolution.
description: 22 pages, 17 Figures, Accepted for publication 13/05/22
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 13172.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 20.11.1935, erstellt von William Otto Brunner
Creators: name: Eidgenössische Sternwarte in Zürich (ETH Zürich bzw. vor 1911 Polytechnikum)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1935

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich, später ergänzt mit einer kleinen Tabelle für die Auszählung der Flecken nach ihrer Verteilung auf Abschnitte der sichtbaren Sonnenhälfte, nach Quadrant bzw. nach Halbkugel (N, S, W, E). Instrument: Kern-Merz-Refraktor.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Zugeordnete numerische Werte wurden in einer separat geführten, chronologischen Tabelle erfasst. Unter Umständen sind tabellarisch notierte Werte, die für Protuberanzen mit rot geschrieben wurden, direkt auf der Fleckenzeichnung vermerkt
description: ETH-Bibliothek
Neosclerus assamensis
Creators: name: Assing, V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Neosclerus
Neosclerus assamensis

description: Neosclerus assamensis (CAMERON 1931)
(Figs 18-21, Map 3)
Material examined India: 1, Meghalaya, West Garo Hills district, Mt. Nokrek National Park, 25°30'N, 90°15'E, 1200 m, 17.X.2004, leg. Cuccodoro et al. (MHNG).
Comment: The only previously known specimen is a single female syntype from Assam deposited in the Cameron collection. Except for the slightly darker pronotum, the above male is externally similar to the syntype, suggesting that it is conspecific. For a description and illustrations of the syntype see ASSING (2011a). The previously unknown male sexual characters are as follows:
: sternite VII (Fig. 18) as long as broad, posteriorly with cluster of modified short and stout black setae; posterior margin weakly concave in the middle; sternite VIII (Fig. 19) oblong, anteriorly with median cluster of short dark setae, median portion in posterior half without setae, posterior excision large and V-shaped; aedeagus (Figs 20-21) 0.54 mm long, ventral process straight, apically acute, and in the middle with ventral dent best seen in lateral view.
Based on the male sexual characters (shapes and chaeotaxy of sternites VII and VIII; morphology of the aedeagus), N. assamensis is most closely related to N. brevipennis, from which it differs by the longer elytra, paler coloration of the pronotum and the elytra, the shape and chaetotaxy of the male sternite VII (posterior concavity smaller; presence of cluster of stout black setae posteriorly), the shape and chaetotaxy of the male sternite VIII (posterior excision larger and deeper, anteriorly less strongly elevated and with more distinct cluster of setae), and by the slightly different shape of the aedeagus (ventral process straight in lateral view).
The currently known distribution is illustrated in Map 3.
description: Published as part of Assing, V., 2013, A revision of Neosclerus CAMERON III. Two new species from India and Laos, and additional records (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae), pp. 1549-1559 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 45 (2) on page 1557, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5302500
Skylight: a new code for general-relativistic ray-tracing and radiative transfer in arbitrary spacetimes
Creators: name: Pelle, Joaquín
name: Reula, Oscar
name: Carrasco, Federico
name: Bederian, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To reproduce the observed spectra and light curves originated in the neighborhood of compact objects requires accurate relativistic ray-tracing codes. In this work, we present Skylight, a new numerical code for general-relativistic ray tracing and radiative transfer in arbitrary space-time geometries and coordinate systems. The code is capable of producing images, spectra, and light curves from astrophysical models of compact objects as seen by distant observers. We incorporate two different schemes, namely Monte Carlo radiative transfer, integrating geodesics from the astrophysical region to distant observers, and camera techniques with backwards integration from the observer to the emission region. The code is validated by successfully passing several test cases, among them: thin accretion disks and neutron star hot spot emission.
description: 15 pages, 14 figures