cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A note on polarized light from Magnetars
Creators: name: Capparelli, L. M.
name: Damiano, A.
name: Maiani, L.
name: Polosa, A. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent paper it is claimed that vacuum birefringence has been experimentally observed for the first time by measuring the degree of polarization of visible light from a Magnetar candidate, a neutron star with a magnetic field presumably as large as $B\sim 10^{13}$~G. The role of such a strong magnetic field is twofold. First, the surface of the star emits, at each point, polarized light with linear polarization correlated with the orientation of the magnetic field. Depending on the relative orientation of the magnetic axis of the star with the direction to the distant observer, a certain degree of polarization should be visible. Second, the strong magnetic field in the vacuum surrounding the star could enhance the effective degree of polarization observed: vacuum birefringence. We compare experimental data and theoretical expectations concluding that the conditions to support a claim of strong evidence of vacuum birefringence effects are not met.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, shorter version published in EPJC. Conclusion unchanged
Ultra-Light Dark Matter Resonates with Binary Pulsars
Creators: name: Blas, Diego
name: Nacir, Diana Lopez
name: Sibiryakov, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the scenario where dark matter (DM) is represented by an ultra-light classical scalar field performing coherent periodic oscillations. We point out that such DM perturbs the dynamics of binary systems either through its gravitational field or via direct coupling to ordinary matter. This perturbation gets resonantly amplified if the frequency of DM oscillations is close to a (half-)integer multiple of the orbital frequency of the system and leads to a secular variation of the orbital period. We suggest to use binary pulsars as probes of this scenario and estimate their sensitivity. While the current accuracy of observations is not yet sufficient to probe the purely gravitational effect of DM, it already yields constraints on direct coupling that are competitive with other bounds. The sensitivity will increase with the upcoming radio observatories such as Square Kilometer Array.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures; references added. v3: Typo corrected. Extra clarifications on bounds on quadratic coupling
Explaining the physics of transfer learning a data-driven subgrid-scale closure to a different turbulent flow
Creators: name: Subel, Adam
name: Guan, Yifei
name: Chattopadhyay, Ashesh
name: Hassanzadeh, Pedram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Transfer learning (TL) is becoming a powerful tool in scientific applications of neural networks (NNs), such as weather/climate prediction and turbulence modeling. TL enables out-of-distribution generalization (e.g., extrapolation in parameters) and effective blending of disparate training sets (e.g., simulations and observations). In TL, selected layers of a NN, already trained for a base system, are re-trained using a small dataset from a target system. For effective TL, we need to know 1) what are the best layers to re-train? and 2) what physics are learned during TL? Here, we present novel analyses and a new framework to address (1)-(2) for a broad range of multi-scale, nonlinear systems. Our approach combines spectral analyses of the systems' data with spectral analyses of convolutional NN's activations and kernels, explaining the inner-workings of TL in terms of the system's nonlinear physics. Using subgrid-scale modeling of several setups of 2D turbulence as test cases, we show that the learned kernels are combinations of low-, band-, and high-pass filters, and that TL learns new filters whose nature is consistent with the spectral differences of base and target systems. We also find the shallowest layers are the best to re-train in these cases, which is against the common wisdom guiding TL in machine learning literature. Our framework identifies the best layer(s) to re-train beforehand, based on physics and NN theory. Together, these analyses explain the physics learned in TL and provide a framework to guide TL for wide-ranging applications in science and engineering, such as climate change modeling.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures
Quantized spin pumping in topological ferromagnetic-superconducting nanowires
Creators: name: Becerra, V. Fernández
name: Trif, Mircea
name: Hyart, Timo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Semiconducting nanowires with strong spin-orbit coupling in the presence of induced superconductivity and ferromagnetism can support Majorana zero modes. We study the pumping due to the precession of the magnetization in single-subband nanowires and show that spin pumping is robustly quantized when the hybrid nanowire is in the topologically nontrivial phase, whereas charge pumping is not quantized. Moreover, there exists one-to-one correspondence between the quantized conductance, entropy change and spin pumping in long topologically nontrivial nanowires but these observables are uncorrelated in the case of accidental zero-energy Andreev bound states in the trivial phase. Thus, we conclude that observation of correlated and quantized peaks in the conductance, entropy change and spin pumping would provide strong evidence of Majorana zero modes, and we elaborate how topological Majorana zero modes can be distinguished from quasi-Majorana modes potentially created by a smooth tunnel barrier at the lead-nanowire interface. Finally, we discuss peculiar interference effects affecting the spin pumping in short nanowires at very low energies.
description: Final version. Modifications in main text (5 pages) and new sections in supplement (11 pages)
On the enumeration of finite $L$-algebras
Creators: name: Dietzel, C.
name: Menchón, P.
name: Vendramin, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03G25, 06D20

description: We use Constraint Satisfaction Methods to construct and enumerate finite $L$-algebras up to isomorphism. These objects were recently introduced by Rump and appear in Garside theory, algebraic logic, and the study of the combinatorial Yang-Baxter equation. There are 377322225 isomorphism classes of $L$-algebras of size eight. The database constructed suggest the existence of bijections between certain classes of $L$-algebras and well-known combinatorial objects. On the one hand, we prove that Bell numbers enumerate isomorphism classes of finite linear $L$-algebras. On the other hand, we also prove that finite regular $L$-algebras are in bijective correspondence with infinite-dimensional Young diagrams.
description: 17 pages, 3 tables, 2 figures. Postprint version
Volume Integral Formulation for the Calculation of Material Independent Modes of Dielectric Scatterers
Creators: name: Forestiere, Carlo
name: Miano, Giovanni
name: Rubinacci, Guglielmo
name: Tamburrino, Antonello
name: Tricarico, Roberto
name: Ventre, Salvatore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the frame of volume integral equation methods, we introduce an alternative representation of the electromagnetic field scattered by a homogeneous object of arbitrary shape at a given frequency, in terms of a set of modes independent of its permittivity. This is accomplished by introducing an auxiliary eigenvalue problem, based on a volume integral operator. With this modal basis the expansion coefficients of the scattered field are simple rational functions of the permittivity of the scatterer. We show, by studying the electromagnetic scattering from a sphere and a cylinder of dimensions comparable to the incident wavelength, that only a moderate number of modes is needed to accurately describe the scattered far field. This method can be used to investigate resonant scattering phenomena, including plasmonic and photonic resonances, and to design the permittivity of the object to pursue a prescribed tailoring of the scattered field. Moreover, the presented modal expansion is computationally advantageous compared to direct solution of the volume integral equation when the scattered field has to be computed for many different values of the dielectric permittivity, given the size and shape of the dielectric body.
Optogenetic switching of migration of contractile cells
Creators: name: Drozdowski, Oliver M.
name: Ziebert, Falko
name: Schwarz, Ulrich S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cell crawling on flat substrates is based on intracellular flows of the actin cytoskeleton that are driven by both actin polymerization at the front and myosin contractility at the back. The new experimental tool of optogenetics makes it possible to spatially control contraction and thereby possibly also cell migration. Here we analyze this situation theoretically using a one-dimensional active gel model in which the excluded volume interactions of myosin and their aggregation into minifilaments is modeled by a supercritical van der Waals fluid. This physically simple and transparent, but nonlinear and thermodynamically rigorous model predicts bistability between sessile and motile solutions. We then show that one can switch between these two states at realistic parameter ranges via optogenetic activation or inhibition of contractility, in agreement with recent experiments. We also predict the required activation strengths and initiation times.
description: 12 pages including supplement, 5 main and 4 supplemental figures
Calidad de vida en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica en un hospital de Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua.
Creators: name: Hinojosa Esparza, Karen Liliana
name: Licona Santos, Cinthia Icela
name: Garcia Salas, Belen Astrid
name: Alvarado Pizarro, Angel Noe
name: Chavez Ramos, Wendy Janeth
Publisher: name: Enfermería, Innovación y Ciencia
Year: 2020

description: Las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles (ENT) son la causa del 70% de defunciones que se producen en el mundo por año. Durante el 2014, estas enfermedades constituyeron la duodécima causa de muerte, con 812 defunciones para una tasa de 7.3 por cada 10,000 habitantes en México. Objetivo: Describir la calidad de vida en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica en tratamiento sustitutivo con hemodiálisis en un hospital público de Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua. Método: El diseño de estudio es de tipo descriptivo, transversal, con una muestra de 68 adultos con diagnóstico de enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) en tratamiento sustitutivo con hemodiálisis. Evaluando la calidad de vida con el instrumento Whoqol-bref, consta de 26 ítems que se dividen en cuatro dominios con escala de respuesta tipo Likert. Resultados: La media para edad fue de 50 años (DE = 17.68). Se encontró la hipertensión arterial como enfermedad agregada con mayor prevalencia (51.5 %). Respecto a calidad de vida, la percepción de los participantes en cuanto a ¿cómo califican su calidad de vida?, el 60.3% refirió “ni bien ni mal”, en satisfacción con la salud, el 44.1% reportó estar insatisfecho. El dominio de mayor afectación fue el físico con una media de 46.41, y el más preservado fue el psicológico con una media de 62.08. Conclusión: La calidad de vida se ve afectada tanto por la enfermedad como por el tratamiento que conlleva deteriorando específicamente el dominio físico, en el que se incluye el dolor, energía y habilidad para realizar actividades de la vida diaria.
description: Enfermería, Innovación y Ciencia, Vol. 1 Núm. 1 (2020): Vol. 1 No. 1, 2020
Acciones preventivas integradas realizadas en estudiantes universitarios en módulos UAZ saludable prevenimss
Creators: name: Mollinedo-Montaño, Fabiana Esther
name: Trejo-Ortiz, Perla Maria
name: Méndez- Saucedo, Guadalupe Azucena
name: Simental-Cortés, Cinthya Yazmin
Publisher: name: Enfermería, Innovación y Ciencia
Year: 2019

description: Objetivo. Determinar los factores de riesgo y acciones preventivas en salud realizadas en estudiantes universitarios Método. El estudio fue descriptivo, comparativo, la muestra estuvo conformada por 614 estudiantes de Ingeniería y Veterinaria que asistieron de forma voluntaria a los módulos Uaz saludable prevenimss, de julio a diciembre de 2017. Se utilizó una cédula de datos personales y el instrumento denominado cuestionario de atención preventiva integrada (CAPI) que integra variables de índice de masa corporal, índice de cintura, salud bucal, salud sexual y reproductiva, presión arterial, toma de glucosa en sangre, esquemas de vacunación según edad. Resultados. Los estudiantes tenían una edad promedio de 19 años, el 70.2% fueron hombres y el 29.8% mujeres. Presentaron sobrepeso el 20.2% de mujeres y el 23.6% hombres. Al evaluar el índice de cintura se encontró que las mujeres presentan un incremento de este parámetro en un 32.8% y un 17.6 % en hombres. Referente a la toma de glicemia capilar, se encontró que el 3.4% de las mujeres y el 2.6% de hombres resultaron con un aumento en la glucosa respecto al límite normal. En la evaluación de la presión arterial un 31.3% presentaron tomas de presión elevadas respecto al límite normal. Conclusiones. Se concluye que las mujeres tienen mayor riesgo de adquirir enfermedades crónicas y se encuentran vulnerables respecto a su peso. Se recomienda implementar programas en unidades academicas para lograr disminuir factores de riesgo y enfatizar en la prevención y diagnóstico oportuno.
description: Enfermería, Innovación y Ciencia, Vol. 1 Núm. 1 (2019): Vol. 1 No. 0, 2019
Dynamical Topological Quantum Phase Transitions for Mixed States
Creators: name: Heyl, M.
name: Budich, J. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce and study dynamical probes of band structure topology in the post-quench time-evolution from mixed initial states of quantum many-body systems. Our construction generalizes the notion of dynamical quantum phase transitions (DQPTs), a real-time counterpart of conventional equilibrium phase transitions in quantum dynamics, to finite temperatures and generalized Gibbs ensembles. The non-analytical signatures hallmarking these mixed state DQPTs are found to be characterized by observable phase singularities manifesting in the dynamical formation of vortex-antivortex pairs in the interferometric phase of the density matrix. Studying quenches in Chern insulators, we find that changes in the topological properties of the Hamiltonian can be identified in this scenario, without ever preparing a topologically non-trivial or low-temperature initial state. Our observations are of immediate relevance for current experiments aimed at realizing topological phases in ultracold atomic gases.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, version close to published
Algebraic cutting equations
Creators: name: Anselmi, Damiano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cutting equations are diagrammatic identities that are used to prove perturbative unitarity in quantum field theory. In this paper, we derive algebraic, upgraded versions of them. Differently from the diagrammatic versions, the algebraic identities also holds for propagators with arbitrary, nonvanishing widths. In particular, the cut propagators do not need to vanish off shell. The new approach provides a framework to address unsolved problems of perturbative quantum field theory and a tool to investigate perturbative unitarity in higher-derivative theories that are relevant to the problem of quantum gravity, such as the Lee-Wick models and the fakeon models.
description: 33 pages, 16 figures; v2: minor changes, Ann. Phys
Non-local Conservation Law from Stochastic Particle Systems
Creators: name: Olivera, Christian
name: Simon, Marielle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we consider an interacting particle system in $\mathbb{R}^d$ modelled as a system of $N$ stochastic differential equations driven by Lévy processes. The limiting behaviour as the size $N$ grows to infinity is achieved as a law of large numbers for the empirical density process associated with the interacting particle system. We prove that the empirical process converges, uniformly in the space variable, to the solution of the $d$-dimensional fractal conservation law.
description: Journal of Dynamics and Differential Equations 2017
Asociacion entre el conocimiento y autocuidado durante el puerperio en mujeres postparto de Zacatecas, México.
Creators: name: Trejo Ortiz, Perla María
name: Trinidad Sánchez, Aurora Maylet
name: Araujo Espino, Roxana
name: Mollinedo Montaño, Fabiana Esther
name: Flores Romo, Ana Gabriela
name: Calderon Ibarra, Alejandro
Publisher: name: Enfermería, Innovación y Ciencia
Year: 2019

description: Objetivo y método de estudio.Se realizó un estudio correlacional, descriptivo, comparativo y de corte transversal, con el objetivo de asociar el nivel de conocimiento y las acciones de autocuidado durante el puerperio en mujeres postparto de un hospital público de Zacatecas. La muestra fue de 89 mujeres en etapa de puerperio seleccionadas por conveniencia. Se aplicó el instrumento de “Conocimiento y acciones de autocuidado en puérperas”, realizado para el presente estudio, el cual fue validado por ronda de expertos, prueba piloto y Alfa de Cronbach. Los datos fueron capturados y analizados en el programa estadístico SPSS versión 19. Resultados.El 44.9% de las mujeres tuvieron un nivel de conocimiento suficiente sobre el puerperio, 42.7% regular y 12.4% deficiente. En cuanto al nivel de acciones de autocuidado, el 88.8% resultó en un rango suficiente, mientras que el 11.2% regular. Al comparar el nivel de conocimiento según datos sociodemográficos y gineco-obstétricos no se encontraron diferencias significativas. Igualmente, al comparar las acciones de autocuidado según datos sociodemográficos y gineco-obstétricos se encontraron diferencias significativas en la religión, destacando en acciones regulares las católicas y testigos de Geová (X2 =16.7,p= .001). No se encontró relación entre el nivel de conocimiento que tienen las puérperas con las acciones de autocuidado que realizan. Conclusiones. Es necesario investigar si otras variables como la cultura son las responsables del comportamiento y por tanto acciones de autocuidado que adquieren las mujeres en etapa de puerperio.
description: Enfermería, Innovación y Ciencia, Vol. 1 Núm. 1 (2019): Vol. 1 No. 0, 2019
Heralded Channel Holevo Superadditivity Bounds from Entanglement Monogamy
Creators: name: Gao, Li
name: Junge, Marius
name: LaRacuente, Nicholas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We show that for a particular class of quantum channels, which we call heralded channels, monogamy of squashed entanglement limits the superadditivity of Holevo capacity. Heralded channels provide a means to understand the quantum erasure channel composed with an arbitrary other quantum channel, as well as common situations in experimental quantum information that involve frequent loss of qubits or failure of trials. We also show how entanglement monogamy applies to non-classicality in quantum games, and we consider how faithful, monogamous entanglement measures may bound other entanglement-dependent quantities in many-party scenarios.
Coherent properties of a tunable low energy electron matter wave source
Creators: name: Pooch, Andreas
name: Seidling, Michael
name: Kerker, Nicole
name: Röpke, Robin
name: Rembold, Alexander
name: Chang, Wei-Tse
name: Hwang, Ing-Shouh
name: Stibor, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A general challenge in various quantum experiments and applications is to develop suitable sources for coherent particles. In particular, recent progress in microscopy, interferometry, metrology, decoherence measurements and chip based applications rely on intensive, tunable, coherent sources for free low energy electron matter waves. In most cases, the electrons get field emitted from a metal nanotip where its radius and geometry towards a counter electrode determines the field distribution and the emission voltage. A higher emission is often connected to faster electrons with smaller de Broglie wavelengths, requiring larger pattern magnification after matter wave diffraction or interferometry. This can be prevented with a well-known setup consisting of two counter electrodes that allow independent setting of the beam intensity and velocity. However, it needs to be tested if the coherent properties of such a source are preserved after the acceleration and deceleration of the electrons. Here, we study the coherence of the beam in a biprism interferometer with a single atom tip electron field emitter if the particle velocity and wavelength varies after emission. With a Wien filter measurement and a contrast correlation analysis we demonstrate that the intensity of the source at a certain particle wavelength can be enhanced up to a factor of 33 without changing the transverse and longitudinal coherence of the electron beam. In addition, the energy width of the single atom tip emitter was measured to be 377 meV, corresponding to a longitudinal coherence length of 82 nm. The design has potential applications in interferometry, microscopy and sensor technology
A Lagrangian free-stream boundary condition for weakly compressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Zhang, Shuoguo
name: Zhang, Wenbin
name: Zhang, Chi
name: Hu, Xiangyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper proposes the first free-stream boundary condition in a purely Lagrangian framework for weakly-compressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics (WCSPH). The boundary condition is implemented based on several numerical techniques, including a spatio-temporal method and an ensuring technique for surface particle identification, far-field corrections of density and velocity near the free-stream boundary, and improved in- and outlet conditions which guarantee smooth inflow profile and free outflow particles without the issue of the truncated kernel. The accuracy and effectiveness of the method have been validated by the reference solutions of flow past a flat plate and circular cylinder, respectively. The method has also been tested with more complex flows to demonstrate its applicability, such as fluid-structure interaction (FSI) and 3D flow past a sphere.
description: 38 pages, 19 figures
Supplementary document for Framework to optimize fixed-length micro-CT systems for propagation-based phase-contrast imaging - 6823514.pdf
Creators: name: Lioliou, Grammatiki
name: Buchanan, Ian
name: Astolfo, Alberto
name: Endrizzi, Marco
name: Bate, David
name: Hagen, Charlotte
name: Olivo, A
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: expanded descriptions and methods
Federated Data Analytics: A Study on Linear Models
Creators: name: Yue, Xubo
name: Kontar, Raed Al
name: Gómez, Ana María Estrada
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As edge devices become increasingly powerful, data analytics are gradually moving from a centralized to a decentralized regime where edge compute resources are exploited to process more of the data locally. This regime of analytics is coined as federated data analytics (FDA). In spite of the recent success stories of FDA, most literature focuses exclusively on deep neural networks. In this work, we take a step back to develop an FDA treatment for one of the most fundamental statistical models: linear regression. Our treatment is built upon hierarchical modeling that allows borrowing strength across multiple groups. To this end, we propose two federated hierarchical model structures that provide a shared representation across devices to facilitate information sharing. Notably, our proposed frameworks are capable of providing uncertainty quantification, variable selection, hypothesis testing and fast adaptation to new unseen data. We validate our methods on a range of real-life applications including condition monitoring for aircraft engines. The results show that our FDA treatment for linear models can serve as a competing benchmark model for future development of federated algorithms.
La Calidad de vida y estres laboral en el personal de enfemería en Zacatecas
Creators: name: Flores-Romo, Ana Gabriela
name: Acosta-Ruiz, Breanda
name: Juzaino Barrón, Lizeth Alejandra
name: Márquez-González, Jaquelín
name: Ambriz-Martinez, Alondra
Publisher: name: Enfermería, Innovación y Ciencia
Year: 2019

description: Se realizó el presente estudio con el propósito de describir la Calidad de Vida y Estrés laboral en el personal de enfermería EN Zacatecas, en el que participaron 30 enfermeros(as) trabajadores entre 18 y 60 años, se usó el “CVT – GOHISALO (2014)” para mediar la calidad de vida en el trabajo y el test de Estrés Laboral. Para el análisis de los datos se aplicó estadística descriptiva, con el programa estadístico Statistical Packageforthe Social Sciences (V. 23.0). Se encontró que la mayoría de los participantes fueron femeninas con un 80%, el 90% tienen nivel escolar de licenciatura, un 10% son especialistas, en cuanto a la contratación se podrá observar que predominaron los de base federal con un 30%, predominó el nivel de baja calidad de vida en el trabajo en las diferentes dimensiones evaluadas, mientras que en el estrés laboral predominó el estrés leve con un 36.7%. Concluyendo que la calidad de vida laboral no implica solamente satisfacción laboral ya que ésta se relaciona exclusivamente con las expectativas personales frente a la realidad del trabajo. Los síntomas de estrés laboral influyen en el desempeño del profesional de la salud hacia el cuidado del paciente, mas no tiene ninguna relación con la CVL.
description: Enfermería, Innovación y Ciencia, Vol. 1 Núm. 1 (2019): Vol. 1 No. 0, 2019
Covering many points with a small-area box
Creators: name: de Berg, Mark
name: Cabello, Sergio
name: Cheong, Otfried
name: Eppstein, David
name: Knauer, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Let $P$ be a set of $n$ points in the plane. We show how to find, for a given integer $k>0$, the smallest-area axis-parallel rectangle that covers $k$ points of $P$ in $O(nk^2 \log n+ n\log^2 n)$ time. We also consider the problem of, given a value $α>0$, covering as many points of $P$ as possible with an axis-parallel rectangle of area at most $α$. For this problem we give a probabilistic $(1-\varepsilon)$-approximation that works in near-linear time: In $O((n/\varepsilon^4)\log^3 n \log (1/\varepsilon))$ time we find an axis-parallel rectangle of area at most $α$ that, with high probability, covers at least $(1-\varepsilon)\mathrm{κ^*}$ points, where $\mathrm{κ^*}$ is the maximum possible number of points that could be covered.
Direct link between disorder, mobility and magnetoresistance in topological semimetals
Creators: name: Nelson, Jocienne N.
name: Rice, Anthony D.
name: Brooks, Chase
name: Leahy, Ian A.
name: Teeter, Glenn
name: Van Schilfgaarde, Mark
name: Lany, Stephan
name: Fluegel, Brian
name: Lee, Minhyea
name: Alberi, Kirstin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The extent to which disorder influences the properties of topological semimetals remains an open question and is relevant to both the understanding of topological states and the use of topological materials in practical applications. Here, we achieve unmatched and systematic control of point defect concentrations in the prototypical Dirac semimetal Cd$_3$As$_2$ to gain important insight into the role of disorder on electron transport behavior. We find that arsenic vacancies introduce localized states near the Fermi level and strongly influence the electron mobility. Reducing arsenic vacancies by changing the As/Cd flux ratio used during deposition results in an increase in the magnetoresistance from 200%-1000% and an increase in mobility from 5000-18,000 cm$^2$/Vs. However, the degree of linear magnetoresistance, which has previously been linked to disorder, is found here to correlate inversely with measures of disorder, including disorder potential and disorder correlation lengths. This finding yields important new information in the quest to identify the origin of linear magnetoresistance in a wider range of materials.
description: 19 pages, 3 main figures, 4 supplemental figures
The mediating effects of barriers to vaccination on the relationship between race/ethnicity and influenza vaccination status in a rural Southeastern Louisiana medical center.
Creators: name: Maloney, Patrick
name: O'Rear, Lauren
name: Rung, Ariane
name: Broyles, Stephanie
name: Couk, John
name: Peters, Edward
name: Straif-Bourgeois, Susanne
Publisher: name: Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene
Year: 2022

description: Introduction: Persistent disparities in influenza vaccination rates exist between racial/ethnic minorities and Whites. The mechanisms that define this relationship are under-researched. Objectives: (1) To evaluate racial/ethnic disparities in influenza vaccination and (2) to assess the mediating effects of barriers to influenza vaccination on the relationship between race/ethnicity and receipt of influenza vaccination. Methods: Surveys assessing barriers to vaccination were administered to outpatients in a rural medical center in Southeastern Louisiana. Survey responses were matched to patient medical records. Likert-style statements were used to measure barriers to vaccination.. A mediation analysis assessing the relationship between race and influenza vaccination mediated by vaccination barriers was conducted. Results: The self-reported influenza vaccination rate in those surveyed was 40.4%. Whites (45.5%) were more likely than racial/ethnic minorities (36.3%) to report receipt of an influenza vaccination (p=0.02). Racial/ethnic minorities reported significantly higher vaccination barrier scores (p<0.01). The relationship between race/ethnicity and vaccination was mediated by vaccination barriers, when controlling for provider recommendation and having at least one comorbid medical condition (natural indirect effect [NIE] p-value=0.02, proportion mediated=0.71). Conclusions: Barriers to vaccination mediates the relationship between race/ethnicity and vaccination status. Providers should focus on minimizing fears that the vaccine will cause illness and emphasize that the vaccine is safe and effective at preventing severe influenza-associated illness. Additional efforts should be made to improve accessibility of the influenza vaccine, including addressing costs of vaccination and expanding the number and types of settings where the vaccine is offered.
description: Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene, Vol. 63 No. 3 (2022): 2022633
An Algebra of Observables for de Sitter Space
Creators: name: Chandrasekaran, Venkatesa
name: Longo, Roberto
name: Penington, Geoff
name: Witten, Edward
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We describe an algebra of observables for a static patch in de Sitter space, with operators gravitationally dressed to the worldline of an observer. The algebra is a von Neumann algebra of Type II$_1$. There is a natural notion of entropy for a state of such an algebra. There is a maximum entropy state, which corresponds to empty de Sitter space, and the entropy of any semiclassical state of the Type II$_1$ algebras agrees, up to an additive constant independent of the state, with the expected generalized entropy $S_{\text{gen}}=(A/4G_N)+S_{\text{out}}$. An arbitrary additive constant is present because of the renormalization that is involved in defining entropy for a Type II$_1$ algebra.
description: 54 pages, v2: added references, v3,v4: minor corrections, v5: correction at end of section 2.4
Asymptotic mapping class groups of closed surfaces punctured along Cantor sets
Creators: name: Aramayona, Javier
name: Funar, Louis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce subgroups ${\mathcal{B}}_g< {\mathcal H}_g$ of the mapping class group $Mod(Σ_g)$ of a closed surface of genus $g \ge 0$ with a Cantor set removed, which are extensions of Thompson's group $V$ by a direct limit of mapping class groups of compact surfaces of genus $g$. We first show that both ${\mathcal{B}}_g$ and ${\mathcal H}_g$ are finitely presented, and that ${\mathcal H}_g$ is dense in $Mod(Σ_g)$. We then exploit the relation with Thompson's groups to study properties ${\mathcal B}_g$ and ${\mathcal H}_g$ in analogy with known facts about finite-type mapping class groups. For instance, their homology coincides with the stable homology of the mapping class group of genus $g$, every automorphism is geometric, and every homomorphism from a higher-rank lattice has finite image. In addition, the same connection with Thompson's groups will also prove that ${\mathcal B}_g$ and ${\mathcal H}_g$ are not linear and do not have Kazhdan's Property (T), which represents a departure from the current knowledge about finite-type mapping class groups.
description: 30p., Moscow Math. J., to appear
THE HISTORY OF VACCINOLOGY AND HYGIENE THROUGH ACHILLE SCLAVO AND THE CULTURAL PATRIMONY CONSERVED IN THE ARCHIVES AND MUSEUMS: THE KEY ROLE OF MEDICAL MUSEOLOGY
Creators: name: Orsini, Davide
name: Martini, Mariano
Publisher: name: Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene
Year: 2022

description: Over the centuries, the oldest universities have amassed an extraordinary patrimony of material and immaterial cultural assets, which have been created or acquired for the purposes of research or teaching. Now on display in museums, they testify to the evolution of knowledge and its diversification in various disciplines. In order to safeguard, conserve and study this precious heritage, we need to implement a cultural project that activates that “process of awareness” on which cataloging is based. This is a “reasoned awareness” that enables an object to be framed within a system of scientific knowledge and historical-critical relationships, which are essential to its conservation and, consequently, to its public exploitation. Through this process, we can uncover the history of an object, its characteristics and its uniqueness. This is the case, for example, of an optical microscope on display in the Museo di Strumentaria medica (Medical Equipment Museum), which is part of the Museum System of the University of Siena.
description: Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene, Vol. 63 No. 3 (2022): 2022633
Search for nonresonant Higgs boson pair production in the four leptons plus two b jets final state in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first search for nonresonant production of Higgs boson pairs (HH) with one H decaying into four leptons and the other into a pair of b quarks is presented, using proton-proton collisions recorded at a center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV by the CMS experiment. The analyzed data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb$^{-1}$. A 95% confidence level upper limit of 32.4 is set on the signal strength modifier $μ$, defined as the ratio of the observed HH production rate in the HH $\to$ ZZ*b$\mathrm{\bar{b}}$ $\to$ 4$\ell$b$\mathrm{\bar{b}}$ decay channel to the standard model expectation. Possible modifications of the H trilinear coupling $λ_\text{HHH}$ with respect to the standard model (SM) value are investigated. The coupling modifier $κ_λ$, defined as $λ_\text{HHH}$ divided by its SM prediction, is constrained to be within the observed (expected) range -8.8 (-9.8) $<$ $κ_λ$ $<$ 13.4 (15.0) at 95% confidence level.
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/HIG-20-004 (CMS Public Pages)
Inverse Stability Problem and Applications to Renewables Integration
Creators: name: Vu, Thanh Long
name: Nguyen, Hung Dinh
name: Megretski, Alexandre
name: Slotine, Jean-Jacques
name: Turitsyn, Konstantin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In modern power systems, the operating point, at which the demand and supply are balanced, may take different values due to changes in loads and renewable generation levels. Understanding the dynamics of stressed power systems with a range of operating points would be essential to assuring their reliable operation, and possibly allow higher integration of renewable resources. This letter introduces a non-traditional way to think about the stability assessment problem of power systems. Instead of estimating the set of initial states leading to a given operating condition, we characterize the set of operating conditions that a power grid converges to from a given initial state under changes in power injections and lines. We term this problem as "inverse stability", a problem which is rarely addressed in the control and systems literature, and hence, poorly understood. Exploiting quadratic approximations of the system's energy function, we introduce an estimate of the inverse stability region. Also, we briefly describe three important applications of the inverse stability notion: (i) robust stability assessment of power systems w.r.t. different renewable generation levels, (ii) stability-constrained optimal power flow (sOPF), and (iii) stability-guaranteed corrective action design.
Exponential data encoding for quantum supervised learning
Creators: name: Shin, S.
name: Teo, Y. S.
name: Jeong, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reliable quantum supervised learning of a multivariate function mapping depends on the expressivity of the corresponding quantum circuit and measurement resources. We introduce exponential-data-encoding strategies that are hardware-efficient and optimal amongst all non-entangling Pauli-encoded schemes, which is sufficient for a quantum circuit to express general functions having very broad Fourier frequency spectra using only exponentially few encoding gates. We show that such an encoding strategy not only reduces the quantum resources, but also exhibits practical resource advantage during training in contrast with known efficient classical strategies when polynomial-depth training circuits are also employed. When computation resources are constrained, we numerically demonstrate that even exponential-data-encoding circuits with single-layer training modules can generally express functions that lie outside the classically-expressible region, thereby supporting the practical benefits of such a resource advantage. Finally, we illustrate the performance of exponential encoding in learning the potential-energy surface of the ethanol molecule and California's housing prices
description: 21 pages, 13 figures
Probability of Non-compliance to the Consumption of Iron Tablets in Pregnant Women in Indonesia
Creators: name: SImbolon, Demsa
Publisher: name: Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene
Year: 2022

description: Introduction: The low non-compliance to the consumption of Iron Tablets in pregnant women is an obstacle in the implementation of government programs to prevent and overcome the anemia problems in pregnant women. This study was conducted to determine the probability of non-compliance of pregnant women in the consumption of iron tablets in Indonesia. Methods: A cross-sectional study using the 2017 IDHS data. The sample was 12,466 women of childbearing age 15-49 years in Indonesia who consumed Iron Tablets during their last pregnancy. Univariate analysis used proportion measure, the bivariate analysis using chi-square test and multivariate used binary logistic regression test. Statistical analysis using SPSS-26 software. Results: The level of non-compliance to the consumption of Iron Tablets during pregnancy in Indonesia is only 48.47%. The risk factors for quantity (p = 0.000, OR 2.085), and quality (p = 0.000, OR 1.655) Antenatal Care (ANC) was not good, examiners were pregnancy not health workers (p = 0.000, OR 1.816), residence in rural areas (p = 0.000, OR 1.262), and very poor socioeconomic status (p value= 0.000, OR 2.041) were significantly related to non-compliance with Iron Tablets consumption. The probability of non-compliance to the consumption of Iron Tablets in pregnant women with risk factors is 88%. Conclusion: Quantity of ANC and socioeconomic have a high influence on compliance to consumption of iron tablets, so it is important to bring nutrition workers at ANC activities to educate pregnant women about the benefits, side effects, and ways of consumption of iron tablets, reactivate supervisors for consumption of iron tablets, increase access health services in rural areas and families with low socioeconomic status, as well as providing free health care programs for the poor.
description: Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene, Vol. 63 No. 3 (2022): 2022633
Enhancement of adhesion strength in viscoelastic unsteady contacts
Creators: name: Mandriota, Cosimo
name: Menga, Nicola
name: Carbone, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a general energy approach to study the unsteady adhesive contact of viscoelastic materials. Under the assumption of infinitely short-range adhesive interactions, we exploit the principle of virtual work to generalize Griffith local energy balance at contact edges to the case of a non conservative (viscoelastic) material, subjected to a generic contact time history. We apply the proposed energy balance criterion to study the approach retraction motion of a rigid sphere in contact with a viscoelastic halfspace. A strong interplay between adhesion and viscoelastic hysteretic losses is reported which can lead to strongly increased adhesion strength, depending on the loading history. Specifically, two different mechanisms are found to govern the increase of pulloff force during either approach retraction cycles and approach, full relaxation, retraction tests. In the former case, hysteretic losses occurring close to the circular perimeter of the contact play a major role, significantly enhancing the energy release rate. In the latter case, instead, the pulloff enhancement mostly depends on the glassy response of the whole (bulk) material which, triggered by the fast retraction after relaxation, leads to a sort of frozen state and results in a flat punch like detachment mechanism (i.e., constant contact area). In this case, the JKR theory of adhesive contact cannot be invoked to relate the observed pulloff force to the effective adhesion energy, i.e. the energy release rate G, and strongly overestimates it. Therefore, a rigorous mathematical procedure is also proposed to correctly calculate the energy release rate in viscoelastic dissipative contacts.
Conocimientos de enfermería sobre manejo de pacientes con picadura de alacrán
Creators: name: Zorrilla Martinez, Laura Berenice
name: Flores Romo, Ana Gabriela
name: Araujo Espino, Roxana
name: Trejo Ortiz, Perla María
name: Calderon Ibarra, Alejandro
Publisher: name: Enfermería, Innovación y Ciencia
Year: 2019

description: Objetivo del estudio: Identificar el conocimiento del personal de enfermería sobre manejo de pacientes con picadura de alacrán en el Hospital General de Calvillo. Método: El estudio fue cuantitativo, descriptivo y trasversal. La muestra se conformó por 50 enfermeros. Se utilizo un cuestionario de datos que identifico el conocimiento utilizado por (Rojas, Terán y Torrealba 2004). El estudio se apegó a la Ley General de Salud en materia de Investigación de Salud (2014). Los datos fueron capturados y procesados en el programa SPSS versión 23 para Windows. Contribuciones y Conclusiones: de los participantes se encontró que el conocimiento sobre el manejo de pacientes con picadura de alacrán el 96% cuenta con ellos, el 82% conoce las medidas preventivas, el 82% conoce las medidas preventivas importantes. Sobre el conocimiento del antídoto el 100% dicen conocerlo el 98% saben que es a dosis respuesta, el 90% reconoce que hay tres grados de picadura y el 38% identifican el dolor como principales signos y el 74% menciono que hay más de un signo Respecto al grupo de edad más afectado por picadura, el 88% mencionaron que en niños. el 54% nunca ha recibido capacitación y el 44% menciona que ha recibido por parte de médicos. El estudio fue relevante ya que no existe evidencia de estudios similares del conocimiento de enfermería sobre el manejo de pacientes con picadura de alacrán. Palabras clave: Picadura de alacrán, conocimiento y paciente.
description: Enfermería, Innovación y Ciencia, Vol. 1 Núm. 1 (2019): Vol. 1 No. 0, 2019
Quantum boomeranglike effect of wave packets in random media
Creators: name: Prat, Tony
name: Delande, Dominique
name: Cherroret, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We unveil an original manifestation of Anderson localization for wave packets launched with a finite average velocity: after an initial ballistic motion, the center of mass of the wave packet experiences a retroreflection and slowly returns to its initial position, an effect that we dub "Quantum Boomerang" and describe numerically and analytically in dimension 1. In dimension 3, we show numerically that the quantum boomerang is a genuine signature of Anderson localization: it exists if and only if the quantum dynamics if localized.
description: Published version