cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Haggadischen Elemente in den Homilien des Aphraates, des persischen Weisen
Creators: name: Funk, S. (Salomon)
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 1891

description: This volume contains the inaugural dissertation of the Hungarian scholar Salomon Funk. In it, he addresses the following questions: What is Aphrahat’s dependence on Jewish sources? Which traditions did he receive from the Jews? Is Aphrahat unique in Syriac literature for his relationship to the Jews? After an introduction on Aphrahat’s life, works, and previous scholarship on him, Funk’s method is to go through biblical passages that Aphrahat comments on and show parallels in rabbinic literature. These passages are mostly from the Pentateuch but some subsequent parts of the Old Testament are also briefly touched on. Funk then shows how some of Aphrahat’s expressions and patterns of speech are related to rabbinic literature, and, finally, he indicates how Aphrahat’s psychology and theology relate to Jewish sources. The work concludes with three extraneous notes on the Jews in Persia, the Talmudic expression “Be Abidan,” and Aphrahat’s biblical citations and the Peshitta.
Micro-CT analysis applied to lime mortars for damage assessment due to accelerated weathering
Creators: name: Madrid, Dulce Valdez
name: De Belie, Nele
name: Cnudde, Veerle
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Weathering of construction materials is one of the main causes for building deterioration and failure. Amongst some of the most important factors contributing to this outcome is the presence of salts in the system and their crystallization/dissolution behavior during ageing. These salts occupy the space within the pore network of the materials and manifests itself only once some damage has already been caused. It is of outmost importance to develop efficient methods for testing, evaluating and development of damage prediction of this phenomena to obtain better and more durable materials.
Conservation Connection: Freehold Soil Conservation District Newsletter, Fall-Winter 2005
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: Freehold Soil Conservation District
Year: 2005

description: This newsletter from the Freehold Soil Conservation District details the 2006 New Jersey Envirothon competition, lists Freehold's recipients of New Jersey Association of Conservation Districts Awards, introduces the "Water Wise" Poster and Bumper Sticker contest for school children, explains how to access soil survey maps on-line, describes the conservation activities of the organization, and highlights staff news.
The effect of stretching on nerve excitability
Creators: name: Heimburg, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nerves are frequently stretched during movement. We investigate here the effect of stretch on nerve excitability within the framework of the soliton theory. This thermodynamic theory for nerve pulse propagation relies on the presence of a melting transition in the nerve membrane. In this transition, the area of the nerve membrane and the nerve thickness change. It depends on thermodynamic variables including temperature, the chemical potentials of anesthetics and on hydrostatic pressure. A further variable relevant for movement science is the the stretching of nerves, i.e., a tension in the nerve caused by muscle contraction, the bending of joints and the pulling on extremities. We show here that the soliton theory predicts a decrease in nerve excitability upon stretching. This becomes evident in a reduction of the amplitude of compound action potentials and in the suppression of reflexes. We compare these predictions with medical findings.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Clustering Opportunities in the Pinelands
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: New Jersey Pinelands Commission
Year: 2004

description: This report by the New Jersey Pinelands Commission is an examination of the Comprehensive Management Plan (CMP) as it relates to clustering land management in the Pinelands. The establishment of the Pinelands Protection Act was to preserve the unique Pinelands ecosystem and to prevent it from getting lost through the effects of scattered and piecemeal development. In response to that legislation, the CMP was developed with the primary purpose the preservation and protection of the Pinelands' essential character, which is that of an area with unbroken landscapes. While the plan has been very effective in protecting many features of the Pinelands, there is growing concern about the impacts on the landscape caused by large lot development. Because of this concern, the Pinelands Commission has reexamined the plan in terms of how it provided for clustering opportunities, and to identify ways to promote clustering as a land management technique. The report is divided into the following sections: Introduction; The Clustering Concept; Regional Agencies; County and Municipal Agencies; The Pinelands Experience; Clustering in the Forest and Rural Development Areas; Possible Approaches to Promote Clustering; Use of the CMP in Concert with the MLUL.
IIA supergravity and M-theory on manifolds with SU(4) structure
Creators: name: Prins, Daniël
name: Tsimpis, Dimitrios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give the general form of supersymmetric backgrounds with two real supercharges of M-theory and type IIA supergravity (with non-zero Romans mass in general) of the form $\mathbb{R}^{1,d} \times \M_8$, d=1,2, on eight-dimensional manifolds with SU(4) structure. We point out a subtlety in the integrability theorems for low-dimensional supersymmetric compactifications. As a special case we examine Calabi-Yau flux vacua and we show that unbroken supersymmetry does not in general require the four-form flux to be (2,2) or primitive. Our results could be used to construct novel higher-dimensional analogues of the Klebanov-Strassler geometry. In the case of M-theory large-volume Calabi-Yau flux vacua our results are in agreement with partial supersymmetry breaking in three-dimensional N=2 supergravity. Alternatively, the conditions for supersymmetry can be expressed in terms of a real `superpotential' in accordance with three-dimensional N=1 supergravity. We present explicit examples of M-theory flux vacua on K3 \times K3, which however do not appear to possess F-theory duals with four-dimensional Poincaré invariance.
description: 41 pages. V2: the K3xK3 examples of section 3.2.2 have been generalized to manifestly admit a large-volume limit. Published version
Experiencia e invención: lo público y lo privado en la sociología brasileña de los años 1930
Creators: name: Martins, Maro Lara
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Latin and South American history

description: Resumen: Experiencia e invención: lo público y lo privado en la sociología brasileña de los años 1930 La nota distintiva de la sociología modernista, al operacionalizar los conceptos como patriarcalismo, familismo, patrimonialismo, personalismo, agnatismo, clientelismo, y la miríada de impedimentos privatistas consignados en su ideario, sería la posición decisiva en la constitución de la vida pública, del modo de organización del Estado. A partir de la variedad conceptual que la sociología modernista acomete, se elucidan las relaciones tensas entre el mundo de la cultura, la esfera política y sus relaciones con el proceso de modernización conservadora en el Brasil de los años 1930. Palabras clave: sociología, modernismo, teoría social y teoría política.
Cosmology with Galaxy Clusters: Systematic Effects in the Halo Mass Function
Creators: name: Paranjape, Aseem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate potential systematic effects in constraining the amplitude of primordial fluctuations σ_8 arising from the choice of halo mass function in the likelihood analysis of current and upcoming galaxy cluster surveys. We study the widely used N-body simulation fit of Tinker et al. (T08) and, as an alternative, the recently proposed analytical model of Excursion Set Peaks (ESP). We first assess the relative bias between these prescriptions when constraining σ_8 by sampling the ESP mass function to generate mock catalogs and using the T08 fit to analyse them, for various choices of survey selection threshold, mass definition and statistical priors. To assess the level of absolute bias in each prescription, we then repeat the analysis on dark matter halo catalogs in N-body simulations designed to mimic the mass distribution in the current data release of Planck SZ clusters. This N-body analysis shows that using the T08 fit without accounting for the scatter introduced when converting between mass definitions (alternatively, the scatter induced by errors on the parameters of the fit) can systematically over-estimate the value of σ_8 by as much as 2σ for current data, while analyses that account for this scatter should be close to unbiased in σ_8. With an increased number of objects as expected in upcoming data releases, regardless of accounting for scatter, the T08 fit could over-estimate the value of σ_8 by ~1.5σ. The ESP mass function leads to systematically more biased but comparable results. A strength of the ESP model is its natural prediction of a weak non-universality in the mass function which closely tracks the one measured in simulations and described by the T08 fit. We suggest that it might now be prudent to build new unbiased ESP-based fitting functions for use with the larger datasets of the near future.
description: 23 pages, 11 figures. v2: minor clarifications and some new results; conclusions unchanged; to appear in PRD
An Overview of the Biologists and Graph Interpretation Project
Creators: name: Yang, Suann
name: Pigg, Rachel
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2022

description: Biologists and Graph Interpretation (BioGraphI) is an NSF Research Coordination Network of faculty who work collaboratively to increase student persistence in biology through improving representation of diverse scientists in the curriculum and incorporating data interpretation skills. This resource describes the goals and activities of BioGraphI, which include teaching resources and professional development opportunities for the community.
Saturation of turbulent helical dynamos
Creators: name: Bermudez, Guillaume
name: Alexakis, Alexandros
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The presence of large scale magnetic fields in nature is often attributed to the inverse cascade of magnetic helicity driven by turbulent helical dynamos. In this work we show that in turbulent helical dynamos, the inverse flux of magnetic helicity towards the large scales $Π_{\mathcal{H}}$ is bounded by $|Π_{\mathcal{H}}|\le c εk_η^{-1}$, where $ε$ is the energy injection rate, $k_η$ is the Kolmogorov magnetic dissipation wavenumber and $c$ an order one constant. Assuming the classical isotropic turbulence scaling, the inverse flux of magnetic helicity $Π_{\mathcal{H}}$ decreases at least as a $-3/4$ power-law with the magnetic Reynolds number $Rm$ : $|Π_{\mathcal{H}} | \le c ε\ell_f Rm^{-3/4}\max[Pm,1]^{1/4}$, where $Pm$ the magnetic Prandtl number and $\ell_f$ the forcing lengthscale. We demonstrate this scaling with $Rm$ using direct numerical simulations of turbulent dynamos forced at intermediate scales. The results further indicate that nonlinear saturation is achieved by a balance between the inverse cascade and dissipation at domain size scales $L$ for which the saturation value of the magnetic energy is bounded by ${\mathcal{E}}_\text{m}\leq c L (ε\ell_f)^{2/3} Rm^{1/4}\max[1,Pm]^{1/4}$. Numerical simulations also demonstrate this bound.
Lower Passaic River Restoration Project: Preliminary Draft Restoration Opportunities Report
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) :  US Army Corps of Engineers, New York District (Corps) :  NJ Department of Transportation/Office of Maritime Resources (NJDOT/OMR) : NJ Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP)
Year: 2005

description: The Lower Passaic River Restoration Project (LPRRP) is an integrated, joint effort among state and federal agencies (U.S. EPA, U.S. ACE, and NJDOT-OMR) that will take a comprehensive look at the ecosystem problems within the Lower Passaic River Watershed and identify remediation and restoration options to address those problems. The Lower Passaic River is the 17-mile tidal stretch of the river from the Dundee Dam south to Newark Bay. This report addresses the restoration opportunities at each potential site, including restoring habitat, enhancing flora/fauna communities, and improving water quality and sediment quality. The report also provides the identification process of potential restoration sites along with a description of these sites and the availability of corresponding site-specific data. This Report was developed to identify and to catalog potential restoration sites that will assist in addressing the project goals and relevant data that are available for these sites, so that a future strategy can be created for the substantial data collection effort required for the LPRRP Feasibility Study (FS). The report will also facilitate the coordination of potential restoration-related actions within the Study Area among the involved regional stakeholders and public.
Dark Photon Dark Matter without Stueckelberg Mass
Creators: name: Redi, Michele
name: Tesi, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the scenario of dark photon Dark Matter where the mass is generated through the Higgs mechanism rather than the constant Stueckelberg mass. In this construction the dark sector contains necessarily extra degrees of freedom and interactions that lead to non-trivial dynamics including thermalization, phase transitions, cosmic string production. As a consequence the predictions of Stueckelberg theories are vastly modified, strongly depending on the couplings to curvature and on the scale of inflation $H_I$ compared to the scale $f$ of spontaneous symmetry breaking. We find in particular that only in extreme regions of parameter space the phenomenology of Stueckelberg dark photon is reproduced. These scenarios are strongly constrained by isocurvature perturbations unless the dark sector is approximately Weyl invariant.
description: 29 pages, 4 figures. v2) refs added, typos fixed, section 4.2 improved, conclusions unchanged
Inside the Pinelands: A Report by the Pinelands Preservation Alliance, October-November 2005, Vol.13, No.1
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: Pinelands Preservation Alliance
Year: 2005

description: This is the bimonthly newsletter of the Pinelands Preservation Alliance (PPA), a nonprofit organization working to protect and preserve the resources of the New Jersey Pinelands. Articles featured in this edition include: So What's the Plan? A Primer on the Comprehensive Management Plan; 6th Annual Pinelands Summer Institute for Teachers; 31 Ways To Celebrate the Pinelands in October; Victory for New Jersey: Fast Track Delayed; and Sanctuary Update.
Queues with Delayed Information: Analyzing the Impact of the Choice Model Function
Creators: name: Doldo, Philip
name: Pender, Jamol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we study queueing systems with delayed information that use a generalization of the multinomial logit choice model as its arrival process. Previous literature assumes that the functional form of the multinomial logit model is exponential. However, in this work we generalize this to different functional forms. In particular, we compute the critical delay and analyze how it depends on the choice of the functional form. We highlight how the functional form of the model can be interpreted as an exponential model where the exponential rate parameter is uncertain. Furthermore, the rate parameter distribution is given by the inverse Laplace-Stieltjes transform of the functional form when it exists. We perform numerous numerical experiments to confirm our theoretical insights.
Affiliative identity, well-being and eating disorder symptoms during the transition to university
Creators: name: Foran, Aoife Marie
name: O'DONNELL, AISLING
name: MULDOON, ORLA
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: The transition to university can often be challenging for individuals with eating disorders (EDs). As such, there is a need to understand protective factors that optimise people's health during this transition. Researchers using the social identity perspective suggest that group identification and psychological well-being may impact ED symptoms. Yet, these effects have not been demonstrated over time, limiting causal understanding. We address this gap by examining the role of affiliative identity and psychological well-being in lowering ED symptoms over the transition to university. First year university students diagnosed with an ED or symptoms of an ED participated in a three-wave longitudinal study. An online survey was completed by participants at T1 (N = 281), 4 months later at T2 (N = 101) and 12 months later at T3 (N = 36). Self-report measures were used to assess identification with one's most important group, psychological well-being and ED symptoms. Linear mixed-effect models showed that strength of affiliative identity was a positive predictor of well-being across time. Well-being was also shown to be a negative predictor of ED symptoms across time. Using a longitudinal mediation model, strength of affiliative identity had positive implications for people's psychological well-being which sub-sequently predicted self-reported ED symptoms. This study provides evidence that affiliative identity may be particularly important for enhancing psychological well-being and in turn reducing ED symptoms during the transition to university.
Implementation and validation of realistic (n,x) reaction yields in GEANT4 utilizing a detailed evaluated nuclear reaction library below 20 MeV
Creators: name: Tsintari, P.
name: Perdikakis, G.
name: Lee, H. Y.
name: Kuvin, S. A.
name: Georgiadou, A.
name: Kim, H. I.
name: Votaw, D.
name: Zavorka, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutron-induced reactions with charged particle emission play an important role in a variety of research fields ranging from fundamental nuclear physics and nuclear astrophysics to applications of nuclear technologies to energy production and material science. Recently, the capability to study reactions with radioactive targets has become important to significantly advance research in explosive nucleosynthesis and nuclear applications. To achieve the relevant research goals and study (n,x) reactions over a broad neutron beam energy range, the Low Energy Neutron-induced charged-particle (Z) chamber (LENZ) at Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE) was developed along with varied ancillary instrumentation to enable the aforementioned research program. For the (n,x) reactions of interest at low energies, a precise simulation of the discrete spectrum of emitted charged particles is essential. In addition, since LANSCE is a user facility, a simulation application that can be easily accessible by users has high value. With these goals in mind, we have developed a detailed simulation using the GEANT4 toolkit. In this work, we present the implementation and the validation of the simulation using experimental data from recent campaigns with the LENZ instrument. Specifically, we benchmark the simulation against a similar MCNP-based tool and determine the realistic range of applicability for the probability biasing technique used. We describe our implementation of an evaluated library with angular distribution and partial cross-section data, and we perform a validation of the application based on comparisons of simulated spectra with the experimental ones, for a number of targets used in previous experimental campaigns. Last, we discuss the limitations, caveats, and assets of the simulation code and techniques used.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures. Submitted to Nuclear Instruments and Methods A
The Bucharest urban anthropology and ethnography workshop
Creators: name: Duijzings, Ger
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: post-socialist cities; ethnography; urban anthropology; urban studies; research methodologies; Bucharest
subject: 940 Geschichte Europas

description: This text provides an overview of the main themes and topics discussed at The Bucharest Urban Anthropology and Ethnography Workshop which took place in May 2010. It brought together anthropologists, sociologists, architects, and urban planners – most of them working in the Romanian capital— to discuss the benefits and challenges of ethnographic fieldwork in (post-socialist) cities. The presentations and discussions focused on the methodological problems of doing fieldwork in urban contexts, the differences and continuities between rural and urban anthropology, the problems of scale in ethnographic analysis and the links between local and global processes in multi-sited urban research, the balance between urban (infra)structures and individual agency, the intricacies of and confusion of roles in fieldwork carried out ‘at home’ and related problems of engagement and detachment, the continued relevance of the notion of ‘post-socialism’, and the development of new methodologies to capture movement and the weaving of social relationships in urban contexts. The workshop aimed to achieve also a clearer and more self-assured positioning of anthropology and ethnography in the interdisciplinary urban studies field and to formulate useful links and fruitful interaction.
New Jersey and National Registers of Historic Places, Warren County
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP), Historic Preservation Office
Year: 2004

description: This document by the New Jersey and National Registers of Historic Places lists properties and historic districts in Warren County, New Jersey for which a formal action was taken by the State Historic Preservation Officer or designee. The listings are current through the end of 2002, and itemize the buildings, structures, sites, objects, and districts listed on the New Jersey Register of Historic Places (SR) and the National Register of Historic Places (NR). They also include resources that have received Certifications of Eligibility (COE), opinions of eligibility from the State Historic Preservation Officer (SHPO Opinion), or Determinations of Eligibility (DOE) from the Keeper of the National Register.
Changes in the social roles of Western anthropologists and indigenous ethnologists
Creators: name: Duijzings, Ger
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: 940 Geschichte Europas

description: XI (1-2), 2003 = Special issue History and society since 1970 / Istorie şi societate după 1970 (ed. by Alex Drace-Francis and Andi Mihalache)
2003 Annual Water Quality Report: Burlington, Camden, and Gloucester Counties
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: New Jersey American Water
Year: 2004

description: This 2003 annual water quality report for Burlington, Camden, and Gloucester Counties written by New Jersey American Water (a member of the EPA's Partnership for Safe Water Program that is committed to voluntarily providing drinking water of a quality far better than required by federal regulations) details the results of water quality testing completed from January to December, 2003. The purpose of this report is to raise people's understanding of drinking water and awareness of the need to protect our drinking water sources. Included in this report are details about where the water comes from, what it contains (including levels of Cryptosporidium and radon), and how our water quality results compare to federal and state standards.
New Jersey Sustainability Greenhouse Gas Action Plan
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP)
Year: 2002

description: The New Jersey Sustainability Greenhouse Gas Action Plan (GHG Action Plan) identifies the major sources of GHGs by source and sector in 1990. More than 80% of the GHGs in New Jersey result from the combustion of fossil fuel to produce energy for heating, cooling, electricity and transportation. The GHG Action Plan identifies 'no regrets' strategies that will achieve the State's 3.5% reduction in New Jersey's GHG emissions below 1990 levels by 2005. 'No regrets' strategies include actions that are currently readily available and that pay for themselves within the short term. In addition, they provide environmental benefits. The recommended strategies are organized under the following five categories: Energy Conservation, Innovative Technologies, Pollution Prevention, Waste Management - MSW landfill Gas Recycling, and Natural Resources - Open Space.
Sound diffusion with spatiotemporally modulated acoustic metasurfaces
Creators: name: Kang, Janghoon
name: Haberman, Michael R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 74J20

description: Traditional sound diffusers are quasi-random phase gratings attached to reflecting surfaces whose purpose is to augment the spatiotemporal incoherence of the acoustic field scattered from reflective surfaces. This configuration allows one to cover a large reflecting surface by periodically tiling the diffuser unit cells to cover a large area while reducing undesirable specular reflection for incident plane waves. However, the periodic arrangement of the unit cells leads to coherent constructive and destructive interference in the scattered field in some directions which is undesirable for achieving acoustic diffusivity. The spatial uniformity of acoustic energy scattered from conventional diffusers constructed in this way is a fundamental limitation of the traditional approach which is not easily overcome when one wishes to cover large reflecting surfaces. In this work, we investigate spatiotemporal modulation of the surface acoustic admittance of an acoustic diffuser as a new approach to improve the sound diffusion. We develop a semi-analytical model that employs Fourier series expansion to determine the scattered sound field from a surface admittance consisting of a quadratic residue diffuser (QRD) design whose individual well admittances are modulated with a traveling wave with modulation frequency, $ω_{\mrm{m}}$, amplitude, $Y_\mrm{m}$, and a wavenumber that matches the unit cell length, $Λ$. We observe significant improvement in diffusion performance due to the fact that the spatiotemporal modulation scatters sound into additional frequency--wavenumber pairs associated with harmonics of the modulation frequency and their diffraction orders. The semi-analytical model results are verified using time-domain finite element model.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Finite-Frequency Topological Maxwell Modes in Mechanical Self-Dual Kagome Lattices
Creators: name: Danawe, Hrishikesh
name: Li, Heqiu
name: Sun, Kai
name: Tol, Serife
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this Letter, an elastic twisted kagome lattice at a critical twist angle, called self-dual kagome lattice, is shown to exhibit peculiar finite-frequency topological modes which emerge when certain conditions are satisfied. These states are topologically reminiscent to the zero energy (floppy) modes of Maxwell lattices but they occur at a finite frequency in the band gap of self-dual kagome lattice. Thus, we present a completely new class of topological modes which share similarities with both the zero frequency floppy modes in Maxwell lattices and the finite energy in-gap modes in topological insulators. We envision the presented mathematical and numerical framework to be invaluable for many technological advances pertaining to wave phenomenon such as reconfigurable waveguide designs.
description: 5 pages main article, 5 pages supplemental material
Probabilistic Models with Nonlocal Correlations: Numerical Evidence of q-Large Deviation Theory
Creators: name: Zamora, Dario Javier
name: Tsallis, Constantino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The correlated probabilistic model introduced and analytically discussed in Hanel et al (2009) is based on a self-dual transformation of the index $q$ which characterizes a current generalization of Boltzmann-Gibbs statistical mechanics, namely nonextensive statistical mechanics, and yields, in the $N\to\infty$ limit, a $Q$-Gaussian distribution for any chosen value of $Q \in [1,3)$. We show here that, by properly generalizing that self-dual transformation, it is possible to obtain an entire family of such probabilistic models, all of them yielding $Q_c$-Gaussians ($Q_c \ge 1$) in the $N\to\infty$ limit. This family turns out to be isomorphic to the Hanel et al model through a specific monotonic transformation $Q_c(Q)$. Then, by following along the lines of Tirnakli et al (2022), we numerically show that this family of correlated probabilistic models provides further evidence towards a $q$-generalized Large Deviation Theory (LDT), consistently with the Legendre structure of thermodynamics. The present analysis deepens our understanding of complex systems (with global correlations among their elements), supporting the conjecture that generic models whose attractors under summation of $N$ strongly-correlated random variables are $Q$-Gaussians, might always be concomitantly associated with $q$-exponentials in the LDT sense.
Data-driven control of spatiotemporal chaos with reduced-order neural ODE-based models and reinforcement learning
Creators: name: Zeng, Kevin
name: Linot, Alec J.
name: Graham, Michael D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Deep reinforcement learning (RL) is a data-driven method capable of discovering complex control strategies for high-dimensional systems, making it promising for flow control applications. In particular, the present work is motivated by the goal of reducing energy dissipation in turbulent flows, and the example considered is the spatiotemporally chaotic dynamics of the Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation (KSE). A major challenge associated with RL is that substantial training data must be generated by repeatedly interacting with the target system, making it costly when the system is computationally or experimentally expensive. We mitigate this challenge in a data-driven manner by combining dimensionality reduction via an autoencoder with a neural ODE framework to obtain a low-dimensional dynamical model from just a limited data set. We substitute this data-driven reduced-order model (ROM) in place of the true system during RL training to efficiently estimate the optimal policy, which can then be deployed on the true system. For the KSE actuated with localized forcing ("jets") at four locations, we demonstrate that we are able to learn a ROM that accurately captures the actuated dynamics as well as the underlying natural dynamics just from snapshots of the KSE experiencing random actuations. Using this ROM and a control objective of minimizing dissipation and power cost, we extract a control policy from it using deep RL. We show that the ROM-based control strategy translates well to the true KSE and highlight that the RL agent discovers and stabilizes an underlying forced equilibrium solution of the KSE system. We show that this forced equilibrium captured in the ROM and discovered through RL is related to an existing known equilibrium solution of the natural KSE.
A new thermal lattice Boltzmann model for liquid-vapor phase change
Creators: name: Wang, Lei
name: Huang, Jiangxu
name: He, Kun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The lattice Boltzmann method is adopted to solve the liquid-vapor phase change problems in this article. By modifying the collision term for the temperature evolution equation, a new thermal lattice Boltzmann model is constructed. As compared with previous studies, the most striking feature of the present approach is that it could avoid the calculations of both the Laplacian term of temperature [$\nabla \cdot \left( {κ\nabla T} \right)$] and the gradient term of heat capacitance [$\nabla \left( {ρ{\rm{c}_v}} \right)$]. In addition, since the present approach adopts a simple linear equilibrium distribution function, it is possible to use the D2Q5 lattice for the two dimensional cases consided here, making it is more efficiency than previous works in which the lattice is usually limited to the D2Q9. This approach is firstly validated by the problems of droplet evaporation in open space and adroplet evaporation on heated surface, and the numerical results show good agreement with the analytical results and the finite difference method. Then it is used to model nucleate boiling problem, and the relationship between detachment bubble diameter and gravity acceleration obtained with the present approach fits well with the reported works.
AMS-02 data confronts acceleration of cosmic ray secondaries in nearby sources
Creators: name: Mertsch, Philipp
name: Sarkar, Subir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the model proposed earlier to account for the observed increase in the positron fraction in cosmic rays with increasing energy, in the light of new data from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS-02) experiment. The model accounts for the production and acceleration of secondary electrons and positrons in nearby supernova remnants which results in an additional, harder component that becomes dominant at high energies. By fitting this to AMS-02 data we can calculate the expected concomitant rise of the boron-to-carbon ratio, as well as of the fraction of antiprotons. If these predictions are confirmed by the forthcoming AMS-02 data it would conclusively rule out all other proposed explanations, in particular dark matter annihilations or decays.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures; accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D (rapid communications)
Comment on "Manifolds of quasi-constant SOAP and ACSF fingerprints and the resulting failure to machine learn four body interactions"
Creators: name: Pozdnyakov, Sergey N.
name: Willatt, Michael J.
name: Bartók, Albert P.
name: Ortner, Christoph
name: Csányi, Gábor
name: Ceriotti, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The "quasi-constant" SOAP and ACSF fingerprint manifolds recently discovered by Parsaeifard and Goedecker are a direct consequence of the presence of degenerate pairs of configurations, a known shortcoming of all low-body-order atom-density correlation representations of molecular structures. Contrary to the configurations that are rigorously singular -- that we demonstrate can only occur in finite, discrete sets -- the continuous "quasi-constant" manifolds exhibit low, but non-zero, sensitivity to atomic displacements. Thus, it is possible to build interpolative machine-learning models of high-order interactions along the manifold, even though the numerical instabilities associated with proximity to the exact singularities affect the accuracy and transferability of such models, to an extent that depends on numerical details of the implementation.
description: Comment on arXiv:2102.06915
Inferring human mobility using communication patterns
Creators: name: Palchykov, Vasyl
name: Mitrović, Marija
name: Jo, Hang-Hyun
name: Saramäki, Jari
name: Pan, Raj Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the patterns of mobility of individuals is crucial for a number of reasons, from city planning to disaster management. There are two common ways of quantifying the amount of travel between locations: by direct observations that often involve privacy issues, e.g., tracking mobile phone locations, or by estimations from models. Typically, such models build on accurate knowledge of the population size at each location. However, when this information is not readily available, their applicability is rather limited. As mobile phones are ubiquitous, our aim is to investigate if mobility patterns can be inferred from aggregated mobile phone call data alone. Using data released by Orange for Ivory Coast, we show that human mobility is well predicted by a simple model based on the frequency of mobile phone calls between two locations and their geographical distance. We argue that the strength of the model comes from directly incorporating the social dimension of mobility. Furthermore, as only aggregated call data is required, the model helps to avoid potential privacy problems.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures; Published version
The thermodynamic soliton theory of the nervous impulse and possible medical implications
Creators: name: Heimburg, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The textbook picture of nerve activity is that of a propagating voltage pulse driven by electrical currents through ion channel proteins, which are gated by changes in voltage, temperature, pressure or by drugs. All function is directly attributed to single molecules. We show that this leaves out many important thermodynamic couplings between different variables. A more recent alternative picture for the nerve pulse is of thermodynamic nature. It considers the nerve pulse as a soliton, i.e., a macroscopic excited region with properties that are influenced by thermodynamic variables including voltage, temperature, pressure and chemical potentials of membrane components. All thermodynamic variables are strictly coupled. We discuss the consequences for medical treatment in a view where one can compensate a maladjustment of one variable by adjusting another variable. For instance, one can explain why anesthesia can be counteracted by hydrostatic pressure and decrease in pH, suggest reasons why lithium over-dose may lead to tremor, and how tremor is related to alcohol intoxication. Lithium action as well as the effect of ethanol and the anesthetic ketamine in bipolar patients may fall in similar thermodynamic patterns. Such couplings remain obscure in a purely molecular picture. Other fields of application are the response of nerve activity to muscle stretching and the possibility of neural stimulation by ultrasound.
description: Review, 16 pages, 6 figures
Status Report on the Implementation of New Jersey's Capacity Development Program, Report to the Governor
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP), Division of Water Supply, Bureau of Safe Drinking Water
Year: 2005

description: This report provides an overview of the efficacy and progress of the NJDEP Capacity Development Program towards improving the technical, managerial, and financial capacity of public water systems in the state. Furthermore, the report demonstrates that public water systems of New Jersey are now at a significantly higher level of compliance with the Federal and State Safe Drinking Water Act Regulations than at the time of the Program's inception in 1999. The information in this report describes the NJDEP's continuing efforts, whether through technical assistance or enforcement actions, to promote compliance and improve drinking water quality in New Jersey.
Woodlark Island Supplementary Papers 2020
Creators: name: Lindley, David
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Supplementary data to accompany 1:12,500 scale geological mapping of the Cenozoic geology of Woodlark Island, eastern Papua. Data includes formal stratigraphic descriptions of all units, additional photographic figures, a type section of the lower Loluai Formation, diagrammatic rock relationships in the southeast Okiduse Range, a table of facies associations for the Watou Mountain Eruptive Centre and three 1:12,500 A1 format colour geological maps
Auxiliary master equation approach to non-equilibrium correlated impurities
Creators: name: Dorda, Antonius
name: Nuss, Martin
name: von der Linden, Wolfgang
name: Arrigoni, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a numerical method for the study of correlated quantum impurity problems out of equilibrium, which is particularly suited to address steady state properties within Dynamical Mean Field Theory. The approach, recently introduced in [Arrigoni et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 086403 (2013)], is based upon a mapping of the original impurity problem onto an auxiliary open quantum system, consisting of the interacting impurity coupled to bath sites as well as to a Markovian environment. The dynamics of the auxiliary system is governed by a Lindblad master equation whose parameters are used to optimize the mapping. The accuracy of the results can be readily estimated and systematically improved by increasing the number of auxiliary bath sites, or by introducing a linear correction. Here, we focus on a detailed discussion of the proposed approach including technical remarks. To solve for the Green's functions of the auxiliary impurity problem, a non-hermitian Lanczos diagonalization is applied. As a benchmark, results for the steady state current-voltage characteristics of the single impurity Anderson model are presented. Furthermore, the bias dependence of the single particle spectral function and the splitting of the Kondo resonance are discussed. In its present form the method is fast, efficient and features a controlled accuracy.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures
The Basin Bulletin: Newsletter of the Raritan Basin Watershed Management Project, Issue #3, Fall 2001
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: New Jersey Water Supply Authority
Year: 2001

description: This newsletter keeps readers up to date primarily on the Raritan Basin Watershed Management Project, but also on other watershed projects from around the Raritan Basin. Articles in this issue include a timeline on the history of the Raritan River, an update on a Millstone watershed project (including a summary table on flooding by location and storm frequency), a note on an agricultural view on riparian buffers, and updates on committees, projects, and grant awards.
Across the Watershed, Summer 2004
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: Great Swamp Watershed Association
Year: 2004

description: This is the Summer 2004 issue of Across the Watershed, the quarterly newsletter from the Great Swamp Watershed Association (GSWA). This issue contains articles on the Jockey Hollow Challenge bicycle race, an award received by the mayor of Harding, Wyeth Appreciation Day, the new Visual Assessment Program of the Watershed Association Stream Monitoring Program, as well as local news and events.
Acceleration of Particles in Imbalanced Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence
Creators: name: Teaca, Bogdan
name: Weidl, Martin S.
name: Jenko, Frank
name: Schlickeiser, Reinhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present work investigates the acceleration of test particles in balanced and imbalanced Alfvénic turbulence, relevant to the solar-wind problem. These turbulent states, obtained numerically by prescribing the injection rates for the ideal invariants, are evolved dynamically with the particles. While the energy spectrum for balanced and imbalanced states is known, the impact made on particle heating is a matter of debate, with different considerations giving different results. By performing direct numerical simulations, resonant and non-resonant particle accelerations are automatically considered and the correct turbulent phases are taken into account. For imbalanced turbulence, it is found that the acceleration rate of charged particles is reduced and the heating rate diminished. This behaviour is independent of the particle gyroradius, although particles that have a stronger adiabatic motion (smaller gyroradius) tend to experience a larger heating.
description: 5 pages 6 figures
Safe Drinking Water Act Violations 2000
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: NJDEP Water Supply Administration, Bureau of Safe Drinking Water
Year: 2001

description: This is New Jersey's fifth annual report prepared to fulfill one of the statutory requirements of the 1996 Amendments to the Safe Drinking Water Act.  The Safe Drinking Water Act requires States to prepare an annual report on violations of the national primary drinking water regulations by public water systems in the State. This fifth report covers the period January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2000. The information in this report is for violations of (I) maximum contaminant levels, (II) treatment requirements, (III) variances and exemptions, and (IV) monitoring requirements determined to be significant by the Administrator (of USEPA) after consultation with the States. The most significant public health issue reported in these pages is the increase in the number of total coliform MCL violations. NJDEP is taking steps to determine if part of the problem is caused by sample handling or laboratory contamination. Overall, the Bureau of Safe Drinking Water continues to make progress in addressing MCL, treatment technique and monitoring violations. Table 8a (page 19) shows the total number of violations, by contaminant type, for 2000. For comparison, Table 8b (page 20) shows the total number of violations for 1999.  Community water systems in New Jersey have done an excellent job of complying with Consumer Confidence Report requirements, as seen by the fact that there were only three Significant Consumer Notification Violations in 2000.  There are several areas that still need improvement, with monitoring/reporting (M/R) for small water systems requiring the greatest improvement.  The Bureau of Safe Drinking Water has formulated a capacity development strategy to assist public water systems with a history of significant non-compliance to achieve compliance, and has contracted with New Jersey Water Association to provide technical assistance to systems with MCL or M/R violation problems.