Macrochlamys kelantanensis Mollendorff 1902
Creators: name: Pholyotha, Arthit
name: Sutcharit, Chirasak
name: Panha, Somsak
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Stylommatophora
Ariophantidae
Macrochlamys
Macrochlamys kelantanensis

description: <i>Macrochlamys kelantanensis</i> Möllendorff, 1902 (Figs. 2F, 8B–D, 9C, D, 10G–I) <i>Macrochlamys hardwickei kelantanensis</i> Möllendorff, 1902a: 137 (type locality: Kelantan, Ostküste der Halbinsel Malacca [Kelantan, east coast of Peninsula Malaysia]) – Maassen, 2001: 110. <b>Material examined.</b> Holotype (SMF 227098), one paratype shell (SMF 227099), Kelantan, east coast of Peninsula Malaysia. Non type material: THAILAND. five shells (CUMZ 7120), 16 specimens (CUMZ 7121), Mae Chan District, Chiang Rai Province, 20° 08′38.7″N 99° 51′21.4″E; 32 specimens (CUMZ 7122), Nong Han, San Sai District, Chiang Mai Province, 18° 53′23.7″N 98° 59′54.7″E; two specimens (CUMZ 7123) Mae Sot District, Tak Province, 16° 43′26.9″N 98° 35′06.0″E; one shell (CUMZ 7124), 10 specimens (CUMZ 7125), Lam Kaen, Phang-Nga Province, 8° 35′48.5″N 98° 15′22.4″E; six specimens (CUMZ 7126), Koh Chang District, Trat Province, 12° 04′36.8″N 102° 22′02.6″E. MALAYSIA: 15 specimens (CUMZ 7127), Bukit Bunga, Kampung Jakar, Ayer Lanas, Kelantan, 5° 49′8.8″N 101° 54′40.4″E; one specimen (CUMZ 7128), Gunung Reng Batu Melintang, Jeli, Kelantan, 5° 42′54.1″N 101° 44′43.3″E; one shell (CUMZ 7132), 46 specimens (CUMZ 7129), Jalan Bunga, Merbok, Kedah, 5° 43′27.7″N 100° 23′22.3″E; one shell (Fig. 8C) (CUMZ 7130), 13 specimens (CUMZ 7131), Kampung Seberang Pekan, Baling, Kedah, 5° 41′13.4″N 100° 54′54.2″E. <b>Description.</b> Shell medium to large (Fig. 8B–D; shell height up to 13.0 mm; shell width up to 24.0 mm), dextral, spire depressed to low-conical, thin, translucent, and pale brown in colour. Shell surface nearly smooth with very thin growth lines. Embryonic shell surface smooth, with about 2½ whorls. Whorls 5–6, regularly increasing. Suture impressed. Spire depressed conic to low conical. Apex raised with a spire angle of about 134–142°. Last whorl large with wellrounded periphery. Aperture crescent shape, open obliquely with simple lip. Columellar margin slightly reflected near umbilicus. Umbilicus narrowly open and deep. <i>Genital organs</i>. Atrium (at) very short. Penis (p) short and cylindrical-shaped. Epiphallus (e) short, slightly smaller than penis diameter, about four times longer than penis. Epiphallic caecum (ec) somewhat enlarged, thick, almost same diameter as penis and coiled about two circles. Penial retractor muscle thin and long. Flagellum (fl) long, cylindrical-shaped, about same length as epiphallus. Vas deference (vd) a long tube between distal end of epiphallus and free oviduct (Fig. 9C). Inner wall of penis supported with very small and irregular penial pilasters (pp). Penial verge (pv) small, cylindrical and located at distal end of penis (Fig. 9D). Vagina (v) short about same length as penis and cylindricalshaped. Dart apparatus (da) very large, long and cylindrical, located at proximal end of vagina. Gametolytic sac (gs) bulbous; gametolytic duct (gd) long, cylindrical and slightly swollen near vagina. Free oviduct (fo) very short, triangular shape and entirely encircled with thick tissues. Oviduct (ov) large lobules; prostate gland (pg) runs alongside oviduct (Fig. 9C). <i>Radula</i>. Radula morphology very similar to <i>M. aurantia</i> new species. Each row contains about 111 teeth with formula (55- (17-16)-1-(15-16)-55). Central tooth symmetrical tricuspid; mesocone large with dull cusp. Lateral teeth asymmetrical tricuspid with very small endocone. Marginal teeth with elongate bicuspid start around tooth number 15 to 17 (Fig. 10G–I). <i>External features</i>. Animal with reticulated skin. Foot and body pale yellowish-grey, slightly darker on dorsal side. Head and tentacles darker grey. Caudal foss (cf) long and narrow, caudal horn (ch) raised, pale brownish colour. Mantle edge (shell lobes and dorsal lobes) well developed, dull brownish in colour (Fig. 2F). The snails secrete yellowish slime when disturbed. <b>Remarks.</b> This species was originally nominated as a subspecies of <i>M. hardwickei</i> Godwin-Austen, 1883 from Lower Bengal, Sylhet and Western Assam (Möllendorff, 1902a). It is here raised to full species level. It differs from <i>M. hardwickei</i> sensu stricto by its larger shell, the cylindrically shaped penis, and enlarged and short cylindrical appearance of the free oviduct versus a smaller shell, enlarged and triangular-shaped penis, and extremely long free oviduct of <i>M. hardwickei</i> (see Godwin-Austen, 1883: 105–107, pl. 23, figs, 1–4; pl. 28, fig. 1). <i>Macrochlamys malaccana</i> from Peninsular Malaysia has a relatively smaller shell that bears a distinct dark brown spiral line at the suture (see Foon et al., 2017). Unfortunately, genitalia data of <i>M. malaccana</i> is not available for comparison. <i>Macrochlamys kelantanensis</i> is usually ground dwelling and is often associated with anthropogenic habitats, such as plantations, fruit orchards, gardens or parks. This could explain their wide dispersal and it is believed to have been accidentally introduced through horticultural and agricultural trade activities.
description: Published as part of <i>Pholyotha, Arthit, Sutcharit, Chirasak &amp; Panha, Somsak, 2018, The land snail genus Macrochlamys Gray, 1847 from Thailand, with descriptions of five new species (Pulmonata: Ariophantidae), pp. 763-781 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 66</i> on pages 775-778, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5460634
description: {"references": ["Mollendorff O von (1902 a) Binnenmollusken aus Hinterindien. 1. Land schnecken von Kelantan, Ostkuste der Halbinsel Malacca. Nachrichtsblatt der Deutschen Malakozoologischen Gesellschaft, 34: 135 - 149.", "Maassen WJM (2001) A preliminary checklist of the non-marine molluscs of West-Malaysia. \" A Handlist \". De Kreukel, Amsterdam, 155 pp.", "Godwin-Austen HH (1883 - 1907) Land and Freshwater Mollusca of India, Including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other Islands of the Indian Ocean. Taylor and Francis, London, Volume 1 (1883 - 1887): 67 - 206, pls. 13 - 62; Volume 2 (1898 - 1907): 47 - 238, pls. 70 - 117.", "Foon JK, Clements GR &amp; Liew T-S (2017) Diversity and biogeography of land snails (Mollusca, Gastropoda) in the limestone hills of Perak, Peninsular Malaysia. ZooKeys, 682: 1 - 94."]}