cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quantifying colors at micrometer scale by colorimetric microscopy (C-Microscopy) approach
Creators: name: Jany, Benedykt R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The color is the primal property of the objects around us and is direct manifestation of light-matter interactions. The color information is used in many different fields of science, technology and industry to investigate material properties or for identification of concentrations of substances. Usually the color information is used as a global parameter in a macro scale. To quantitatively measure color information in micro scale one needs to use dedicated microscope spectrophotometers or specialized micro-reflectance setups. Here, the Colorimetric Microscopy (C-Microscopy) approach based on digital optical microscopy and a free software is presented. The C-Microscopy approach uses color calibrated image and colorimetric calculations to obtain physically meaningful quantities i.e., dominant wavelength and excitation purity maps at micro level scale. This allows for the discovery of the local color details of samples surfaces. Later, to fully characterize the optical properties, the hyperspectral reflectance data at micro scale (reflectance as a function of wavelength for a each point) are colorimetrically recovered. The C-Microscopy approach was successfully applied to various types of samples i.e., two metamorphic rocks unakite and lapis lazuli, which are mixtures of different minerals; and to the surface of gold 99.999 % pellet, which exhibits different types of surface features. The C-Microscopy approach could be used to quantify the local optical properties changes of various materials at microscale in an accessible way. The approach is freely available as a set of python jupyter notebooks.
A quantum mechanics for magnetic horizons
Creators: name: Benini, Francesco
name: Soltani, Saman
name: Zhang, Ziruo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct an $\mathcal{N}=2$ supersymmetric gauged quantum mechanics, by starting from the 3d Chern-Simons-matter theory holographically dual to massive Type IIA string theory on AdS$_4 \times S^6$, and Kaluza-Klein reducing on $S^2$ with a background that is dual to the asymptotics of static dyonic BPS black holes in AdS$_4$. The background involves a choice of gauge fluxes, that we fix via a saddle-point analysis of the 3d topologically twisted index at large $N$. The ground-state degeneracy of the effective quantum mechanics reproduces the entropy of BPS black holes, and we expect its low-lying spectrum to contain information about near-extremal horizons. Interestingly, the model has a large number of statistically-distributed couplings, reminiscent of SYK models.
description: 34 pages plus appendices; v2: refs added; v3: published version
Communication about Hereditary Cancer Risk to Offspring: a Systematic Review of Children's Perspective [Conference Presentation]
Creators: name: Lima, E.
name: Esplen, M. J.
name: Martins, F.
name: Alves, M.
name: Sales, C. M. D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Conference presentation at the 15th Meeting of Young Researchers of University of Porto (IJUP 2022).
Towards Computational Historiographical Modeling: Concepts in Art History
Creators: name: Koeleman, Floor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: In February 2022, the SNSF project “Towards Computational Historiographical Modeling: Corpora and Concepts” was launched. This four-year project aims to lay methodological foundations for digital humanities research. In the field of digital humanities, the phenomena studied are constructed and modeled through data and code. Our goal is to investigate the epistemological implications of imposing this structure on the phenomena under study, specifically in the context of historical research. By analyzing at a meta-level the causal relations that historians establish, we attempt to formalize the scholarly discourse. My sub-project is concerned with the manifestations of concepts in art history. Especially the historical art of painting is about shaping concepts, because it renders the invisible visible: paintings give visual form to abstract ideas. Central to art historical research is the identification, description, and interpretation of these concepts in the visual arts. However, the ideational character of concepts renders them unstable and subject to change over time. As a result, concept drift can be observed both at the level of the artworks and the historiography of art. In order to provide insight into the processes of meaning-making, concepts will be understood as models. On the one hand, painted representations of concepts can be regarded as explicit models, albeit complicated by the historical distance. On the other, the use of models in art historiography still remains largely implicit in the absence of overt methodological reflections. The revision and formalization of concepts as models in these contexts will allow them to be tested and compared. This paper focuses on presenting the challenges and discussing possible approaches. Image credits: Jan Brueghel II, Allegory of Sight, ca. 1660, oil on copper, 58.1 x 89.7 cm, Philadelphia, Philadelphia Museum of Art, edited by Floor Koeleman René Magritte, The Treachery of Images, 1929, oil on canvas, 60.33 x 81.12 cm, Los Angeles, Los Angeles County Museum of Art, edited by Floor Koeleman Dosso Dossi, The Enchantress, ca. 1518?, oil on canvas, 170 x 172 cm, Rome, Galleria Borghese Dosso Dossi, Portrait of a Gentleman, ca. 1520, oil on canvas, 89.1 x 118.1 cm, Philadelphia, Philadelphia Museum of Art Dosso Dossi, Allegory of Music, ca. 1522?, oil on canvas, 162 x 170 cm, Florence, Museo Horne
Designing an Inflation Galaxy Survey: how to measure $σ(f_{\rm NL}) \sim 1$ using scale-dependent galaxy bias
Creators: name: de Putter, Roland
name: Doré, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The most promising method for measuring primordial non-Gaussianity in the post-Planck era is to detect large-scale, scale-dependent galaxy bias. Considering the information in the galaxy power spectrum, we here derive the properties of a galaxy clustering survey that would optimize constraints on primordial non-Gaussianity using this technique. Specifically, we ask the question what survey design is needed to reach a precision $σ(f_{\rm NL}^{\rm loc}) \approx 1$. To answer this question, we calculate the sensitivity to $f_{\rm NL}^{\rm loc}$ as a function of galaxy number density, redshift accuracy and sky coverage. We include the multitracer technique, which helps minimize cosmic variance noise, by considering the possibility of dividing the galaxy sample into stellar mass bins. We show that the ideal survey for $f_{\rm NL}^{\rm loc}$ looks very different than most galaxy redshift surveys scheduled for the near future. Since those are more or less optimized for measuring the BAO scale, they typically require spectroscopic redshifts. On the contrary, to optimize the $f_{\rm NL}^{\rm loc}$ measurement, a deep, wide, multi-band imaging survey is preferred. An uncertainty $σ(f_{\rm NL}^{\rm loc}) = 1$ can be reached with a full-sky survey that is complete to an $i$-band AB magnitude $i \approx 23$ and has a number density $\sim 8$ arcmin$^{-2}$. Requirements on the multi-band photometry are set by a modest photo-$z$ accuracy $σ(z)/(1+z) < 0.1$ and the ability to measure stellar mass with a precision $\sim 0.2$ dex or better (or another proxy for halo mass with equivalent scatter). While here we focus on the information in the power spectrum, even stronger constraints can potentially be obtained with the galaxy bispectrum.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures
Shielded ionisation discharge (SID) probe for spatio-temporal profiling of pulsed molecular beam
Creators: name: Patel, Milaan
name: Thomas, Jinto
name: Joshi, Hem Chandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we report a shielded ionization discharge (SID) probe which is conceptualized, designed and implemented for measuring temporal and spatial density profiles in a pulsed molecular beam. The probe detects and provides profiles of neutrals of the molecular beam using small discharge which is assisted by the thermionic emission of electrons from a hot filament. In this article, design and characterisation of the developed probe are discussed. The performance of the probe is demonstrated by measuring the spatio-temporal profile of a 1.5 ms pulsed supersonic molecular beam. The suggested SID probe can be used to characterize and optimise the pulsed molecular beam source used in tokamak fueling, SMBI plasma diagnostics, ion beam profile monitors, cluster beam experiments, chemical kinetics, and other supersoinc beam related applications.
Seminário - Adaptação psicológica ao risco genético de cancro: Pensar os cuidados de saúde centrados na família
Creators: name: Al., Célia Sales Et
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Financiado pela FCT (PTDC/PSI-ESP/30980/2017) e com início em 2018, o projeto TOGETHER reuniu
 investigadores da FPCEUP e FPUL, profissionais do IPO-PORTO e, ainda, cidadãos com experiência direta
 de viver com síndrome de cancro hereditário. Este projeto pretendeu estudar o processo de adaptação
 psicossocial de indivíduos não afetados por cancro que se encontram em avaliação do risco de cancro
 hereditário bem como das suas famílias, a fim de informar a organização de cuidados integrados
 centrados nas famílias. Foram inicialmente realizadas entrevistas a indivíduos com síndromes de cancro
 hereditário que não tinham sido afetados por cancro. Posteriormente, foram acompanhados indivíduos
 que realizaram o teste de risco de suscetibilidade genética, durante 1 ano, para se compreender como
 é que as pessoas e as suas famílias lidam com os desafios emocionais e relacionais introduzidos pelos
 testes de suscetibilidade genética e como se adaptam a uma vida com risco de cancro hereditário.
 Com o projeto a chegar ao fim, este seminário é o momento em que damos a conhecer os principais
 resultados a todas as pessoas que participaram no projeto, famílias e profissionais, bem como ao público
 interessado nesta problemática. Para além da discussão dos resultados e das suas implicações,
 gostaríamos também de apresentar os passos previstos para o futuro.
Necessary Spectral Conditions for Coloring Hypergraphs
Creators: name: Kenter, Franklin H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Hoffman proved that for a simple graph $G$, the chromatic number $χ(G)$ obeys $χ(G) \le 1 - \frac{λ_1}{λ_{n}}$ where $λ_1$ and $λ_n$ are the maximal and minimal eigenvalues of the adjacency matrix of $G$ respectively. Lovász later showed that $χ(G) \le 1 - \frac{λ_1}{λ_{n}}$ for any (perhaps negatively) weighted adjacency matrix. In this paper, we give a probabilistic proof of Lovász's theorem, then extend the technique to derive generalizations of Hoffman's theorem when allowed a certain proportion of edge-conflicts. Using this result, we show that if a 3-uniform hypergraph is 2-colorable, then $\bar d \le -\frac{3}{2}λ_{\min}$ where $\bar d$ is the average degree and $λ_{\min}$ is the minimal eigenvalue of the underlying graph. We generalize this further for $k$-uniform hypergraphs, for the cases $k=4$ and $5$, by considering several variants of the underlying graph.
description: 7 pages
Two-body Coulomb problem and $g^{(2)}$ algebra (once again about the Hydrogen atom)
Creators: name: Turbiner, Alexander V
name: Ruiz, Adrian M Escobar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Taking the Hydrogen atom as an example it is shown that if the symmetry of a three-dimensional system is $O(2) \oplus Z_2$, the variables $(r, ρ, φ)$ allow a separation of the variable $φ$, and the eigenfunctions define a new family of orthogonal polynomials in two variables, $(r, ρ^2)$. These polynomials are related to the finite-dimensional representations of the algebra $gl(2) \ltimes {\it R}^3 \in g^{(2)}$ (discovered by S Lie around 1880 which went almost unnoticed), which occurs as the hidden algebra of the $G_2$ rational integrable system of 3 bodies on the line with 2- and 3-body interactions (the Wolfes model). Namely, those polynomials occur intrinsically in the study of the Zeeman effect on Hydrogen atom. It is shown that in the variables $(r, ρ, φ)$ in the quasi-exactly-solvable, generalized Coulomb problem new polynomial eigenfunctions in $(r, ρ^2)$-variables are found.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures (Fig.3 about Newton triangle redone), 7 extra references added; text profoundly edited, section about quasi-exactly-solvable, generalized Coulomb problem added (marked by blue)
Dissipation and the information content of the deviation from hamiltonian dynamics
Creators: name: Buliga, Marius
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We explain a dissipative version of hamiltonian mechanics, based on the information content of the deviation from hamiltonian dynamics. From this formulation we deduce minimal dissipation principles, dynamical inclusions, or constrained evolution with hamiltonian drift reformulations. Among applications we recover a dynamics generalization of Mielke et al quasistatic rate-independent processes. This article gives a clear and unitary presentation of the theory of hamiltonian inclusions with convex dissipation or symplectic Brezis-Ekeland-Nayroles principle, presented under various conventions first in arXiv:0810.1419, then in arXiv:1408.3102 and, for the appearance of bipotentials in relation to the symplectic duality, in arXiv:1902.04598v1.
description: typos corrected, otherwise same as v1
What the collective flow excitation function can tell about the quark-gluon plasma
Creators: name: Auvinen, Jussi
name: Steinheimer, Jan
name: Petersen, Hannah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent STAR data from the RHIC beam energy scan (BES) show that the midrapidity slope dv1/dy of the directed flow v1 of net-protons changes sign twice within the collision energy range 7.7 - 39 GeV. To investigate this phenomenon, we study the collision energy dependence of v1 utilizing a Boltzmann + hydrodynamics hybrid model. Calculations with dynamically evolved initial and final state show no qualitative difference between an equation of state with a cross-over and one with a first-order phase transition, in contrast to earlier pure fluid predictions. Furthermore, our analysis of the elliptic flow v2 shows that pre-equilibrium transport dynamics are partially compensating for the diminished elliptic flow production in the hydrodynamical phase at lower energies, which leads to a qualitative agreement with STAR BES results in midcentral collisions. No compensation from transport is found in our model for integrated v3, which decreases from approx 0.02 at sqrt(sNN) = 27 GeV to approx 0.005 at sqrt(sNN) = 7.7 GeV in midcentral collisions.
description: 8 pages (preprint format), 2 figures. Talk given at Quark Matter 2014, Darmstadt, Germany, May 19 - 24, 2014
Commodity Futures Swaption Model
Creators: name: Lee, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Commodity Futures Swaption Model

description: A commodity futures swaption (CFSn) is a linear portfolio of options on FCCF. Hence it suffices to consider one option on an FCCF.
description: https://finpricing.com/lib/EqCallable.html
Cataloging topological phases of $N$-stacked Su-Schrieffer-Heeger chains by a systematic breaking of symmetries
Creators: name: Agrawal, Aayushi
name: Bandyopadhyay, Jayendra N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional (2D) model of a weak topological insulator with $N$-stacked Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) chain is studied. This study starts with a basic model with all the fundamental symmetries (chiral, time-reversal, and particle-hole) preserved. Different topological phases are introduced in this model by systematically breaking the system's symmetries. The symmetries are broken by introducing different bonds (hopping terms) in the system. First, the chiral symmetry is broken by introducing hopping within each sub-lattice or intra-sub-lattice hopping, where the hopping strengths of the sub-lattices are equal in magnitudes but opposite in sign. Then, following Haldane, the time-reversal (TR) symmetry is broken by replacing the real intra-sub-lattice hopping strengths with imaginary numbers without changing the magnitudes. We find that breaking chiral and TR symmetries are essential for the weak topological insulator to be a Chern insulator. These models exhibit nontrivial topology with the Chern number $C = \pm 1$. The preservation of the particle-hole (PH) symmetry in the system facilitates an analytical calculation of $C$, which agrees with the numerically observed topological phase transition in the system. An interesting class of topologically nontrivial systems with $C=0$ is also observed, where the non-triviality is identified by quantized and fractional 2D Zak phase. Finally, the PH symmetry is broken in the system by introducing unequal amplitudes of intra-sub-lattice hopping strengths, while the equal intra-sub-lattice hopping strengths ensures the preservation of the inversion symmetry. We investigate the interplay of the PH and the inversion symmetries in the topological phase transition. A discussion on the possible experimental realizations of this model is also presented.
Formation of a Keplerian disk in the infalling envelope around L1527 IRS: transformation from infalling motions to Kepler motions
Creators: name: Ohashi, Nagayoshi
name: Saigo, Kazuya
name: Aso, Yusuke
name: Aikawa, Yuri
name: Koyamatsu, Shin
name: Machida, Masahiro N.
name: Saito, Masao
name: Takahashi, Sanemichi Z.
name: Takakuwa, Shigehisa
name: Tomida, Kengo
name: Tomisaka, Kohji
name: Yen, Hsi-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) cycle 0 observations of C$^{18}$O ($J=2-1$), SO ($J_N= 6_5-5_4$) and 1.3mm dust continuum toward L1527 IRS, a class 0 solar-type protostar surrounded by an infalling and rotating envelope. C$^{18}$O emission shows strong redshifted absorption against the bright continuum emission associated with L1527 IRS, strongly suggesting infall motions in the C$^{18}$O envelope. The C$^{18}$O envelope also rotates with a velocity mostly proportional to $r^{-1}$, where $r$ is the radius, while the rotation profile at the innermost radius (54 AU) may be shallower than $r^{-1}$, suggestive of formation of a Keplerian disk around the central protostar of 0.3 Mo in dynamical mass. SO emission arising from the inner part of the C$^{18}$O envelope also shows rotation in the same direction as the C$^{18}$O envelope. The rotation is, however, rigid-body like which is very different from the differential rotation shown by C$^{18}$O. In order to explain the line profiles and the position-velocity (PV) diagrams of C$^{18}$O and SO observed, simple models composed of an infalling envelope surrounding a Keplerian disk of 54 AU in radius orbiting a star of 0.3 Mo are examined. It is found that in order to reproduce characteristic features of the observed line profiles and PV diagrams, the infall velocity in the model has to be smaller than the free-fall velocity yielded by a star of 0.3 Mo. Possible reasons for the reduced infall velocities are discussed.
BIO4AFRICA_Adaptation of pelletizing conditions to a set of agricultural waste from Senegal and Côte d'Ivoire_2023.06.05_v1
Creators: name: RAGT Energie
name: Université Assane Seck de Ziguinchor
name: Institut National Polytechnique Félix HOUPHOUËT-BOIGNY
name: Celignis Biomass Analysis Laboratory
name: Food & Bio Cluster Denmark A.S
name: IHE Delft Institute for Water Education
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This dadaset includes findings about pelletizing trials in Senegal and Côte d’Ivoire.
Serendipitous discovery of a dying Giant Radio Galaxy associated with NGC 1534, using the Murchison Widefield Array
Creators: name: Hurley-Walker, Natasha
name: Johnston-Hollitt, Melanie
name: Ekers, Ron
name: Hunstead, Richard
name: Sadler, Elaine M.
name: Hindson, Luke
name: Hancock, Paul
name: Bernardi, Gianni
name: Bowman, Judd D.
name: Briggs, Frank
name: Cappallo, Roger
name: Corey, Brian
name: Deshpande, Avinash A.
name: Emrich, David
name: Gaensler, Bryan M.
name: Goeke, Robert
name: Greenhill, Lincoln
name: Hazelton, Bryna J.
name: Hewitt, Jacqueline
name: Kaplan, David L.
name: Kasper, Justin
name: Kratzenberg, Eric
name: Lonsdale, Colin
name: Lynch, Mervyn
name: Mitchell, Daniel
name: McWhirter, Russell
name: Morales, Miguel
name: Morgan, Edward
name: Oberoi, Divya
name: Offringa, Andre
name: Ord, Stephen
name: Prabu, Thiagaraj
name: Rogers, Alan
name: Roshi, Anish
name: Shankar, Udaya
name: Srivani, K.
name: Subrahmanyan, Ravi
name: Tingay, Steven
name: Waterson, Mark
name: Wayth, Randall B.
name: Webster, Rachel
name: Whitney, Alan
name: Williams, Andrew
name: Williams, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observations with the Murchison Widefield Array at 185~MHz have serendipitously unveiled a heretofore unknown giant and relatively nearby ($z = 0.0178$) radio galaxy associated with NGC\,1534. The diffuse emission presented here is the first indication that NGC\,1534 is one of a rare class of objects (along with NGC\,5128 and NGC\,612) in which a galaxy with a prominent dust lane hosts radio emission on scales of $\sim$700\,kpc. We present details of the radio emission along with a detailed comparison with other radio galaxies with disks. NGC1534 is the lowest surface brightness radio galaxy known with an estimated scaled 1.4-GHz surface brightness of just 0.2\,mJy\,arcmin$^{-2}$. The radio lobes have one of the steepest spectral indices yet observed: $α=-2.1\pm0.1$, and the core to lobe luminosity ratio is $<0.1$\%. We estimate the space density of this low brightness (dying) phase of radio galaxy evolution as $7\times10^{-7}$\,Mpc$^{-3}$ and argue that normal AGN cannot spend more than 6\% of their lifetime in this phase if they all go through the same cycle.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, accepted MNRAS
Continuous pulse advances in the negative ion source NIO1
Creators: name: Barbisan, M.
name: Agnello, R.
name: Cavenago, M.
name: Delogu, R. S.
name: Pimazzoni, A.
name: Balconi, L.
name: Barbato, P.
name: Baseggio, L.
name: Castagni, A.
name: Duteil, B. Pouradier
name: Franchin, L.
name: Laterza, B.
name: Molon, F.
name: Maniero, M.
name: Migliorato, L.
name: Milazzo, R.
name: Passalacqua, G.
name: Poggi, C.
name: Ravarotto, D.
name: Rizzieri, R.
name: Romanato, L.
name: Rossetto, F.
name: Trevisan, L
name: Ugoletti, M.
name: Zaniol, B.
name: Zucchetti, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Consorzio RFX and INFN-LNL have designed, built and operated the compact radiofrequency negative ion source NIO1 (Negative Ion Optimization phase 1) with the aim of studying the production and acceleration of H- ions. In particular, NIO1 was designed to keep plasma generation and beam extraction continuously active for several hours. Since 2020 the production of negative ions at the plasma grid (the first grid of the acceleration system) has been enhanced by a Cs layer, deposited though active Cs evaporation in the source volume. For the negative ion sources applied to fusion neutral beam injectors, it is essential to keep the beam current and the fraction of co-extracted electrons stable for at least 1 h, against the consequences of Cs sputtering and redistribution operated by the plasma. The paper presents the latest results of the NIO1 source, in terms of caesiation process and beam performances during continuous (6÷7 h) plasma pulses. Due to the small dimensions of the NIO1 source (20 x (diam.)10 cm), the Cs density in the volume is high (10^15 ÷10^16 m^-3) and dominated by plasma-wall interaction. The maximum beam current density and minimum fraction of co-extracted electrons were respectively about 30 A/m^2 and 2. Similarly to what done in other negative ion sources, the plasma grid temperature in NIO1 was raised for the first time, up to 80 °C, although this led to a minimal improvement of the beam current and to an increase of the co-extracted electron current.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures. Contributed paper for the 8th International symposium on Negative Ions, Beams and Sources - NIBS'22. Revision 1 of the preprint under evaluation at Journal of Instrumentation (JINST)
Subadditive Average Distances and Quantum Promptness
Creators: name: Piazza, Federico
name: Tolley, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A central property of a classical geometry is that the geodesic distance between two events is \emph{additive}. When considering quantum fluctuations in the metric or a quantum or statistical superposition of different spacetimes, additivity is generically lost at the level of expectation values. In the presence of a superposition of metrics, distances can be made diffeomorphism invariant by considering the frame of a family of free-falling observers or a pressureless fluid, provided we work at sufficiently low energies. We propose to use the average squared distance between two events $\langle d^2(x,y)\rangle$ as a proxy for understanding the effective quantum (or statistical) geometry and the emergent causal relations among such observers. At each point, the average squared distance $\langle d^2(x,y)\rangle$ defines an average metric tensor. However, due to non-additivity, $\langle d^2(x,y)\rangle$ is not the (squared) geodesic distance associated with it. We show that departures from additivity can be conveniently captured by a bi-local quantity $C(x,y)$. Violations of additivity build up with the mutual separation between $x$ and $y$ and can correspond to $C<0$ (subadditive) or $C>0$ (superadditive). We show that average Euclidean distances are always subadditive: they satisfy the triangle inequality but generally fail to saturate it. In Lorentzian signature there is no definite result about the sign of $C$, most physical examples give $C<0$ but there exist counterexamples. The causality induced by subadditive Lorentzian distances is unorthodox but not pathological. Superadditivity violates the transitivity of causal relations. On these bases, we argue that subadditive distances are the expected outcome of dynamical evolution, if relatively generic physical initial conditions are considered.
description: 33 pages + Appendices. 2 Figures. v2: references added, matches published version
Studies of the muon momentum calibration and performance of the ATLAS detector with $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$=13 TeV
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents the muon momentum calibration and performance studies for the ATLAS detector based on the $pp$ collisions data sample produced at $\sqrt{s}$=13 TeV at the LHC during Run 2 and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb$^{-1}$. An innovative approach is used to correct for potential charge-dependent momentum biases related to the knowledge of the detector geometry, using the $Z \rightarrow μ^{+}μ^{-}$ resonance. The muon momentum scale and resolution are measured using samples of $J/ψ\rightarrow μ^{+}μ^{-}$ and $Z \rightarrow μ^{+}μ^{-}$ events. A calibration procedure is defined and applied to simulated data to match the performance measured in real data. The calibration is validated using an independent sample of $Υ\rightarrow μ^{+}μ^{-}$ events. At the $Z$ ($J/ψ$) peak, the momentum scale is measured with an uncertainty at the 0.05% (0.1%) level, and the resolution is measured with an uncertainty at the 1.5% (2%) level. The charge-dependent bias is removed with a dedicated {\em in situ} correction for momenta up to 450 GeV with a precision better than 0.03 TeV$^{-1}$.
description: 54 pages in total, author list starting at page 37, 15 figures, 3 tables. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/MUON-2022-01/
[Book of Abstract ICGAB 2022.pdf
Creators: name: Mastiani, Emay
name: Rohmat, Farhan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 130312 Special Education and Disability
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: 130399 Specialist Studies in Education not elsewhere classified
subject: 70199 Agriculture, Land and Farm Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other agricultural sciences
subject: 140201 Agricultural Economics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 70108 Sustainable Agricultural Development

description: BOOK OF ABSTRACTS  The 6th International Conference on Green Agroindustry and Bioeconomy (ICGAB) 2022  “Foreground for Advanced Research in Agro-industrial Technology”
 12 July 2022 Malang, East Java, Indonesia Organized by:
 FACULTY OF AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITAS BRAWIJAYA
 Page 152
 [APS-14]
 Fodder manufacturing agroindustry for empowering mild intellectually disabled: toward an inclusive agroindustry
 E Mastiani (a)*, F I W Rohmat(b) (a)Special Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Islam Nusantara (b)School of Life Sciences and Technology, Bandung Institute of Technology
 *Corresponding email: emaymastiani@uninus.ac.id Abstract
 Mild intellectually disabled is an individual who has intelligence far below the average individual in general. As a result, it is difficult for the intellectually disabled to get opportunities to be empowered and are not involved in various industries. This exclusivity contradicts the SDGs goal of inclusiveness for minority groups. Although people with Mild intellectually disabled have far below average intelligence, their abilities can be optimized and empowered through learning simple skills that do not require complex thinking (semi-skills). The fodder manufacturing agroindustry is one of the semi-skills category industries that can potentially be used as a workplace to empower the intellectually disabled. This study aims to evaluate the potential of the fodder manufacturing agroindustry as an inclusive industry and a workplace to empower the ability and physical suitability of the intellectually disabled. The research method used is field testing and Research and Development (R&D), and data were obtained through observation, interviews, and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). We found that the intellectually disabled could carry out the stages of work in making fodder, recognizing tools and materials, making fodder, maintaining tools and materials, and maintaining results. The result showed that every step in the fodder manufacturing agroindustry was carried out and can be utilized as a workplace to optimize and empower the intellectually disabled
 Keywords: fodder manufacturing agroindustry; sustainable development goals; mild intellectually disabled
 Topic: Agro-industrial production system management and regulation
Four-dimensional SO(3)-spherically symmetric Berwald Finsler spaces
Creators: name: Cheraghchi, Samira
name: Pfeifer, Christian
name: Voicu, Nicoleta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We locally classify all SO(3)-invariant 4-dimensional pseudo-Finsler Berwald structures. These are Finslerian geometries which are closest to (spatially, or SO(3))-spherically symmetric pseudo-Riemannian ones - and serve as ansatz to find solutions of Finsler gravity equations which generalize the Einstein equations. We find that there exist six classes of non pseudo-Riemannian (i.e., non-quadratic in the velocities) SO(3)-spherically symmetric pseudo-Finsler Berwald functions, which have either: a power law, an exponential law, or a one- or two-variable dependence on the velocities.
description: 24 pages
Role of the molecular environment in quenching the irradiation-driven fragmentation of Fe(CO)$_5$: a reactive molecular dynamics study
Creators: name: Andreides, Benjamin
name: Verkhovtsev, Alexey V.
name: Fedor, Juraj
name: Solov'yov, Andrey V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Irradiation-driven fragmentation and chemical transformations of molecular systems play a key role in nanofabrication processes where organometallic compounds break up due to the irradiation with focused particle beams. In this study, reactive molecular dynamics simulations have been performed to analyze the role of the molecular environment on the irradiation-induced fragmentation of molecular systems. As a case study, we consider the dissociative ionization of iron pentacarbonyl, Fe(CO)$_5$, a widely used precursor molecule for focused electron beam-induced deposition. In connection to recent experiments, the irradiation-induced fragmentation dynamics of an isolated Fe(CO)$_5^+$ molecule is studied and compared with that of a Fe(CO)$_5^+$ molecule embedded into an argon cluster. The appearance energies of different fragments of an isolated Fe(CO)$_5^+$ agree with the recent experimental data. For Fe(CO)$_5^+$ embedded into an argon cluster, the simulations reproduce the experimentally observed suppression of Fe(CO)$_5^+$ fragmentation and provide an atomistic-level understanding of this effect. Understanding irradiation-driven fragmentation patterns for molecular systems in environments facilitates the advancement of atomistic models of irradiation-induced chemistry processes involving complex molecular systems.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Excitation spectra of a quantum ring embedded in a photon cavity
Creators: name: Arnold, Thorsten
name: Tang, Chi-Shung
name: Manolescu, Andrei
name: Gudmundsson, Vidar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the response of a quantum ring system coupled to a photon cavity with a single mode when excited by a classical dipole field. We find that the energy oscillates between the electronic and photonic components of the system. The contribution of the linear and the quadratic terms in the vector potential to the electron-photon interaction energy are of similar magnitude, but opposite signs stressing the importance of retaining both in the model. Furthermore, we find different Fourier spectra for the oscillations of the center of charge and the oscillations of the mean photon number in time. The Fourier spectra are compared to the spectrum of the many-body states and selection rules discussed. In case of the center of charge oscillations, the dipole matrix elements preselect the allowed Bohr frequencies of the transitions, while for the oscillations of the mean photon number, the difference of the photon content of the many-body states influences the selection rules.
description: RevTeX, 9 pages with 10 embedded eps-figures
Influence of amorphous phase on coercivity in SmCo5-Cu nanocomposites
Creators: name: Staab, Franziska
name: Yang, Yangyiwei
name: Foya, Eren
name: Bruder, Enrico
name: Zingsem, Benjamin
name: Adabifiroozjaei, Esmaeil
name: Skokov, Konstantin
name: Farle, Michael
name: Dunin-Borkowski, Rafal E.
name: Molina-Luna, Leopoldo
name: Gutfleisch, Oliver
name: Xu, Bai-Xiang
name: Durst, Karsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Severe plastic deformation of powder blends consisting of SmCo5-Cu results in magnetically hardened nanocomposite bulk materials. The microstructure is continuously refined with increasing torsional deformation, yet, coercivity saturates at a certain level of strain. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) investigation of the microstructure reveals a partial amorphization of the SmCo5 phase due to high-pressure torsion by 20 applied rotations. In this amorphous matrix nanocrystals are embedded. The effect of these experimentally observed microstructural features on the magnetic properties are investigated by micromagnetic simulations, which show that an increasing volume fraction of nanocrystals is beneficial for higher coercivities. For a fixed volume fraction of nanocrystals the simulations reveal an increasing coercivity with decreasing the size of the nanocrystals due to increasing number of interfaces acting as pinning sites. Furthermore, our micromagnetic simulations disclose the mechanisms of the saturation and decline of magnetic hardening due to the strain induced by high-pressure torsion. The calculated coercivity fits very well to the experimentally observed coercivity of Hc=1.34 T. The knowledge can also be used to develop and provide optimization strategies from the microstructure perspective.
Memetic Search in Differential Evolution Algorithm
Creators: name: Kumar, Sandeep
name: Sharma, Vivek Kumar
name: Kumari, Rajani
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Differential Evolution (DE) is a renowned optimization stratagem that can easily solve nonlinear and comprehensive problems. DE is a well known and uncomplicated population based probabilistic approach for comprehensive optimization. It has apparently outperformed a number of Evolutionary Algorithms and further search heuristics in the vein of Particle Swarm Optimization at what time of testing over both yardstick and actual world problems. Nevertheless, DE, like other probabilistic optimization algorithms, from time to time exhibits precipitate convergence and stagnates at suboptimal position. In order to stay away from stagnation behavior while maintaining an excellent convergence speed, an innovative search strategy is introduced, named memetic search in DE. In the planned strategy, positions update equation customized as per a memetic search stratagem. In this strategy a better solution participates more times in the position modernize procedure. The position update equation is inspired from the memetic search in artificial bee colony algorithm. The proposed strategy is named as Memetic Search in Differential Evolution (MSDE). To prove efficiency and efficacy of MSDE, it is tested over 8 benchmark optimization problems and three real world optimization problems. A comparative analysis has also been carried out among proposed MSDE and original DE. Results show that the anticipated algorithm go one better than the basic DE and its recent deviations in a good number of the experiments.
Keep It Simple: Fault Tolerance Evaluation of Federated Learning with Unreliable Clients
Creators: name: Huang, Victoria
name: Sohail, Shaleeza
name: Mayo, Michael
name: Botran, Tania Lorido
name: Rodrigues, Mark
name: Anderson, Chris
name: Ooi, Melanie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Federated learning (FL), as an emerging artificial intelligence (AI) approach, enables decentralized model training across multiple devices without exposing their local training data. FL has been increasingly gaining popularity in both academia and industry. While research works have been proposed to improve the fault tolerance of FL, the real impact of unreliable devices (e.g., dropping out, misconfiguration, poor data quality) in real-world applications is not fully investigated. We carefully chose two representative, real-world classification problems with a limited numbers of clients to better analyze FL fault tolerance. Contrary to the intuition, simple FL algorithms can perform surprisingly well in the presence of unreliable clients.
Symmetries and Synchronization Blockade
Creators: name: Solanki, Parvinder
name: Mehdi, Faraz Mohd
name: Hajdušek, Michal
name: Vinjanampathy, Sai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Synchronization blockade refers to an interferometric cancellation of quantum synchronization. In this manuscript, we show how the choice of synchronization measure and Hamiltonian symmetries affect the discussion of synchronization blockade. Using counting principles, we prove a general theorem that synchronization blockade cannot be observed in an $N-$level system when the coherent state used to define the diagonal limit-cycle state is in the full $SU(N)$ group. We present several illustrative examples of synchronization blockade in multi-level systems and prove that information-theoretic measures of synchronization can also observe synchronization blockade-like behavior by an appropriate choice of the set of limit cycle states.
description: 10 pages, comments welcome
Light on curved backgrounds
Creators: name: Batic, D.
name: Nelson, S.
name: Nowakowski, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the motion of light on different spacetime manifolds by calculating the deflection angle, lensing properties and by probing into the possibility of bound states. The metrics in which we examine the light motion include, among other, a general relativistic Dark Matter metric, a dirty Black Hole and a Worm Hole metric, the last two inspired by non-commutative geometry. The lensing in a Holographic Screen metric is discussed in detail. We study also the bending of light around naked singularities like, e.g., the Janis-Newman-Winicour metric and include other cases. A generic property of light behaviour in these exotic metrics is pointed out. For the standard metric like the Schwarzschild and Schwarzschild-de Sitter cases we improve the accuracy of the lensing results for the weak and strong regime.
description: 34 pages, 10 figures
XUV fluorescence as a probe of laser-induced helium nanoplasma dynamics
Creators: name: Sumfleth, Malte
name: Przystawik, Andreas
name: Namboodiri, Mahesh
name: Laarmann, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: XUV fluorescence spectroscopy provides information on energy absorption and dissipation processes taking place in the interaction of helium clusters with intense femtosecond laser pulses. The present experimental results complement the physical picture derived from previous electron and ion spectroscopic studies of the generated helium nanoplasma. Here, the broadband XUV fluorescence emission from high-lying Rydberg states that covers the spectral region from $6p \to 1s$ at 53.0 eV all the way to photon energies corresponding to the ionization potential of He$^+$ ions at 54.4 eV is observed directly. The cluster size-dependent population of these states in the expanding nanoplasma follows the well-known bottleneck model. The results support previous findings and highlight the important role of Rydberg states in the energetics and dynamics of laser-generated nanoplasma.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
A novel test of gravity via black hole eikonal correspondence
Creators: name: Chen, Che-Yu
name: Chen, Yu-Jui
name: Ho, Meng-Yuan
name: Tseng, Yung-Hsuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When adopted in black hole spacetimes, geometric-optics approximations imply a mapping between the quasinormal mode (QNM) spectrum of black holes in the eikonal limit and black hole images. In particular, the real part and the imaginary part of eikonal QNM frequencies are associated with the apparent size and the detailed structure of the ring images, respectively. This correspondence could be violated when going beyond general relativity. We propose a novel method to test the eikonal correspondence via the comparison of two sets of observables from a nonrotating black hole, one extracted from QNM spectra and the other from the lensed photon rings on the image plane. Specifically, the photon ring observables robustly capture the information of the black hole spacetime itself regardless of the surrounding emission models. Therefore, the proposed test of eikonal correspondence can be validated in quite broad scenarios.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures. Matching published version
MPEC 2024-R318 : 2024 RZ15
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 RZ15

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Yamabe Solitons on Conformal Almost Contact Complex Riemannian Manifolds with Vertical Torse-Forming Vector Field
Creators: name: Manev, Mancho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 53C25, 53D15, 53C50, Secondary 53E50, 53D35, 70G45

description: A Yamabe soliton is considered on an almost contact complex Riemannian manifold (also known as an almost contact B-metric manifold) which is obtained by a contact conformal transformation of the Reeb vector field, its dual contact 1-form, the B-metric, and its associated B-metric. The case when the potential is a torse-forming vector field of constant length on the vertical distribution determined by the Reeb vector field is studied. In this way, manifolds from one of the main classes of the studied manifolds are obtained. The same class contains the conformally equivalent manifolds of cosymplectic manifolds by the usual conformal transformation of the given B-metric. An explicit 5-dimensional example of a Lie group is given, which is characterized in relation to the obtained results.
description: 11 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2202.02054