cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Using low-cost virtual reality simulation to build surgical capacity for cervical cancer treatment
Creators: name: Sullivan, R.
name: Cuevas, A.
name: Bing, E.G.
name: Fisher, B.
name: Parham, G.P.
name: Skinner, J.
name: Mwanahamuntu, M.
Publisher: name: American Society of Clinical Oncology
Year: 2019

description: PURPOSE Worldwide, more than 80% of people diagnosed with cancer will require surgery during their disease course, but only 5% to 20% of low- and middle-income countries have access to safe, affordable, and timely surgery. Developing surgical oncology skills requires significant time and mentoring. Virtual reality (VR) simulators can reduce the time required to master surgical procedures but are prohibitively expensive. We sought to determine whether a VR simulator using low-cost computer gaming equipment could train novice surgeons in Africa to perform a virtual radical abdominal (open) hysterectomy (RAH). METHODS Our RAH VR simulator used the Oculus Rift (Oculus VR, Menlo Park, CA), a VR headset with hand controllers that costs less than $1,500. Surgical novices learned to perform five key steps of a virtual RAH. We measured and identified predictors of movement and time efficiency for the simulation. RESULTS Ten novice surgeons in Lusaka, Zambia, enrolled in the study. Movement and time efficiency greatly improved over time. Independent predictors of movement efficiency were number of simulations, surgical experience, and time since college graduation. Independent predictors of time efficiency were number of simulations, surgical experience, days between simulation sessions, age, sex, and an interaction between number of simulations and surgical experience. CONCLUSION Low-cost VR may be an effective tool to help surgical novices learn complex surgical oncology procedures. If learning to perform VR surgical procedures with low-cost hardware leads to faster mastery of surgical procedures in the operating room, low-cost VR may represent one of the solutions to increasing access to surgical cancer care globally.
Multi-source parameter estimation and tracking using antenna arrays
Creators: name: Tang, Zhuqing
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: This thesis is concerned with multi-source parameter estimation and tracking using antenna arrays in wireless communications. Various multi-source parameter estimation and tracking algorithms are presented and evaluated. Firstly, a novel multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication system is proposed for multi-parameter channel estimation. A manifold extender is presented for increasing the degrees of freedom (DoF). The proposed approach utilises the extended manifold vectors together with superresolution subspace type algorithms, to achieve the estimation of delay, direction of departure (DOD) and direction of arrival (DOA) of all the paths of the desired user in the presence of multiple access interference (MAI). Secondly, the MIMO system is extended to a virtual-spatiotemporal system by incorporating the temporal domain of the system towards the objective of further increasing the degrees of freedom. In this system, a multi-parameter es- timation of delay, Doppler frequency, DOD and DOA of the desired user, and a beamformer that suppresses the MAI are presented, by utilising the proposed virtual-spatiotemporal manifold extender and the superresolution subspace type algorithms. Finally, for multi-source tracking, two tracking approaches are proposed based on an arrayed Extended Kalman Filter (arrayed-EKF) and an arrayed Unscented Kalman Filter (arrayed-UKF) using two type of antenna arrays: rigid array and flexible array. If the array is rigid, the proposed approaches employ a spatiotemporal state-space model and a manifold extender to track the source parameters, while if it is flexible the array locations are also tracked simultaneously. Throughout the thesis, computer simulation studies are presented to investigate and evaluate the performance of all the proposed algorithms.
(3700) Mark Eliot
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Additional file 2 of Development and pilot evaluation of a mobile app on parent-child exercises to improve physical activity and psychosocial outcomes of Hong Kong Chinese children
Creators: name: Wong, Rosa Sze Man
name: Yu, Esther Yee Tak
name: Thomson Wai-Lung Wong
name: Fung, Colman Siu Cheung
name: Choi, Cynthia Sin Yi
name: Or, Calvin Ka Lun
name: Liu, Kiki Sze Nga
name: Wong, Carlos King Ho
name: Ip, Patrick
name: Lam, Cindy Lo Kuen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Screenshots and functions of the Family Move app.
Optical properties of V2O3 in its whole phase diagram
Creators: name: Vecchio, I. Lo
name: Baldassarre, L.
name: D'Apuzzo, F.
name: Limaj, O.
name: Nicoletti, D.
name: Perucchi, A.
name: Fan, L.
name: Metcalf, P.
name: Marsi, M.
name: Lupi, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vanadium sesquioxide V2O3 is considered a textbook example of Mott-Hubbard physics. In this paper we present an extended optical study of its whole temperature/doping phase diagram as obtained by doping the pure material with M=Cr or Ti atoms (V1-xMx)2O3. We reveal that its thermodynamically stable metallic and insulating phases, although macroscopically equivalent, show very different low-energy electrodynamics. The Cr and Ti doping drastically change both the antiferromagnetic gap and the paramagnetic metallic properties. A slight chromium content induces a mesoscopic electronic phase separation, while the pure compound is characterized by short-lived quasiparticles at high temperature. This study thus provides a new comprehensive scenario of the Mott-Hubbard physics in the prototype compound V2O3.
Stability and recurrence of regime-switching diffusion processes
Creators: name: Shao, Jinghai
name: Xi, Fubao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We provide some criteria on the stability of regime-switching diffusion processes. Both the state-independent and state-dependent regime-switching diffusion processes with switching in a finite state space and an infinite countable state space are studied in this work. We provide two methods to deal with switching processes in an infinite countable state space. One is a finite partition method based on the nonsingular M-matrix theory. Another is an application of principal eigenvalue of a bilinear form. Our methods can deal with both linear and nonlinear regime-switching diffusion processes. Moreover, the method of principal eigenvalue is also used to study the recurrence of regime-switching diffusion processes.
D2.4 FAIR Cookbook - Public Version
Creators: name: Rocca-Serra, Philippe
name: Giessmann, Robert
name: Splendiani, Andrea
name: Boiten, Jan-Willem
name: Courtot, Melanie
name: Burdett, Tony
name: Fuqi Xu
name: Sansone, Susanna-Assunta
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Innovative Medicine Initiative
IMI
FAIRplus
FAIR principles
FAIRification process
FAIR Cookbook

description: FAIRplus seeks to establish ‘FAIRification’ processes that can be used at scale to ensure FAIRness of IMI data. The FAIR Cookbook aims to collate protocols for making data FAIR: Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable. This includes how to FAIRify a number of exemplar datasets, putting the FAIR principles in practice; basic knowledge of what makes data more or less FAIR; understand levels and indicators of FAIRness, and the corresponding maturity model; how to apply the technologies and tools available to assess and improve FAIRness; learn about user roles and their different perspectives on data, and on the challenges when making data FAIR enough for a specific purpose. Continued efforts by consortium partners, organised in “squads” have significantly improved the breadth and depth of the FAIR cookbook coverage.
description: This project has received funding from the Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking under grant agreement No. 802750. This Joint Undertaking receives support from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation and EFPIA companies.
Challenges, opportunities, and priorities for advancing breast cancer control in Zambia: A consultative meeting on breast cancer control
Creators: name: Cruz, T.A.
name: Citonje-Msadabwe, S.
name: Kapambwe, S.
name: Lishimpi, K.
name: Parham, G.P.
name: Shastri, S.
name: Cabanes, A.
Publisher: name: American Society of Clinical Oncology
Year: 2019

description: In 2016, the Zambian government made cancer control a national priority and released a National Cancer Control Strategic Plan for 2016 to 2021, which focuses on malignancies of the breast, cervix, and prostate, and retinoblastoma. The plan calls for a collective reduction in the cancer burden by 50%. In support of this vision, Susan G. Komen sponsored a consultative meeting in Lusaka, Zambia, in September 2017 to bring together the country’s main breast cancer stakeholders and identify opportunities to improve breast cancer control. The recommendations generated during the discussions are presented. There was general agreement that the first step toward breast cancer mortality reduction should consist of implementation of early detection service platforms focused on women who are symptomatic. Participants also agreed that the management of all components of the national breast cancer control program should be integrated and led by the Ministry of Health. As much as possible, early detection and treatment services presently offered by the Cervical Cancer Prevention Program of Zambia and Cancer Diseases Hospital should be leveraged. Efforts are under way through multiple stakeholders to implement the following recommendations: development of national guidelines for the early diagnosis of breast cancer, training of breast surgeons, implementation of early detection and surgical treatment service platforms at the district-hospital level, and epidemiologic research, including the improvement of electronic recording mechanisms.
Additional file 1 of Development and pilot evaluation of a mobile app on parent-child exercises to improve physical activity and psychosocial outcomes of Hong Kong Chinese children
Creators: name: Wong, Rosa Sze Man
name: Yu, Esther Yee Tak
name: Thomson Wai-Lung Wong
name: Fung, Colman Siu Cheung
name: Choi, Cynthia Sin Yi
name: Or, Calvin Ka Lun
name: Liu, Kiki Sze Nga
name: Wong, Carlos King Ho
name: Ip, Patrick
name: Lam, Cindy Lo Kuen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Details of exercise demo clips.
Flux ropes at the earth’s magnetopause: an investigation with the magnetospheric multiscale mission
Creators: name: Robertson, Sadie L.
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: Magnetic reconnection is a fundamental plasma physics process and takes place in space plasma environments throughout the solar system. During the process, magnetic field lines break and reconnect, allowing different plasma populations to mix and releasing energy stored in the magnetic field, which heats and accelerates particles. This change in magnetic field topology allows the production of helical magnetic field structures known as flux ropes. Here, we use data from NASA’s Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission to investigate the properties of magnetopause flux ropes, how they relate to the ongoing reconnection, and how they could facilitate energy transfer during magnetic reconnection. This thesis presents a statistical survey of flux ropes associated with encounters of the magnetopause electron diffusion region (EDR), which is the central location where magnetic reconnection takes place. We find that the 245 identified EDR-associated flux ropes are smaller and have less flux content than previously reported, and that their properties vary with proximity to the EDR. This suggests that we are studying a distinct set of flux ropes that are potentially newly formed by the EDR. The evolution and dynamics of the flux ropes are investigated by applying a force-free flux rope model. We find that the flux ropes generally show good agreement with the model, potentially being more force-free when they have larger radii and stronger axial fields. We also investigate the flux rope topology, finding that most flux ropes have an open topology and that closed topology observations are potentially correlated with a negative IMF BY component. Finally, two case studies of electron trapping in magnetic mirror structures on the edge of magnetopause flux ropes are presented. These observations present a unique acceleration mechanism for flux ropes, and therefore magnetic reconnection more generally, highlighting the importance of such substructure for energy transfer during reconnection.
Gan-Gross-Prasad Conjecture for U(p,q)
Creators: name: He, Hongyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22E, 11F

description: In this paper, we give a proof of the Gan-Gross-Prasad conjecture for the discrete series of U(p,q). Given a discrete series representation $D(λ)$ in terms of the Harish-Chandra parameter, the restriction of $D(λ)$ to U(p-1,q) contains $D(μ)$ as a subrepresentation if and only if $λ$ and $μ$ interlaces in a very special way.
description: 34 pages, to appear in Inventiones Mathematicae
Role of Administrators in the Training and Monitoring of Attendance of Staff on Hybridization of Learning in Universities in Enugu State, Nigeria
Creators: name: Hilda, Chineze Agusiobo
name: Blessing, Adamaka Anukaenyi
name: Nnamdi, Nicholas Sonni Ene
Publisher: name: GO JOURNAL
Year: 2024
Subjects: University, hybridization of learning, administrative roles; training and monitoring of attendance

description: The study looked at how university administrators in Nigeria's Enugu State are contributing to the increasing hybridization of education. The paradigm used in the study was quantitative. It used a descriptive survey research design specifically. The sample size is 40 university administrators. Two theories served as the study's compass. The application of Skinner's Reinforcement Theory and Expectancy Theory was the study's key component. Data were gathered directly from respondents using a sixteen-item questionnaire. A statistical tool for analysis was the t-test. The study's conclusions showed that personnel at both public and private universities were trained and retrained by their management. They also monitor their staff attendance to work for punctuality, among others. Findings also revealed that administrators do not bear the cost of all needed training and retraining programmes, and they also do not provide proctors for monitoring students’ examinations. Based on these results, the researchers suggested that administrators at universities should seek funds to help cover the expense of funding training and retraining. For effective monitoring of staff on hybridization of learning, university administrators should ensure that they provide course proctors to monitor students during online examinations. These will enable the administrators to perform their roles efficiently to ensure effective hybridization of learning in their universities.
A tailored approach to building specialized surgical oncology capacity: Early experiences and outcomes in Malawi
Creators: name: Gopal, S.
name: Chiudzu, G.
name: Tang, J.H.
name: Pinder, L.
name: Hicks, M.
name: Parham, G.
name: Tomoka, T.
name: Sahasrabuddhe, V.
name: Kachingwe, J.
name: Chinula, L.
name: Hicks, M.
Publisher: name: Elsevier B.V.
Year: 2018

description: Objectives: Cervical cancer can often be cured by surgery alone, if diagnosed and treated early. However, of the cancer patients who live in the world's poorest countries less that 5% have access to safe, effective and timely cancer surgery. We designed a novel, competency-based curriculum to rapidly build surgical capacity for the treatment of cervical cancer. Here we report experiences and early outcomes of its implementation in Malawi. Methods: Curriculum implementation consisted of preoperative evaluation of patients and surgical video review, discussion of surgical instruments and suture material, deconstruction of the surgical procedure into critical subcomponents including trainees walking through the steps of the procedure with the master trainers, high-volume surgical repetition over a short time interval, intra-operative mentoring, post-operative case review, and mental narration. This was preceded by self-directed learning and followed by clinical mentorship through electronic communication and quarterly on-site visits. Results: Between June 2015–June 2017, 28 patients underwent radical abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy. The first 8 surgeries were performed over 5 days. After the 7th case the trainee could perform the procedure alone. During and between quarterly mentoring-visits the trainee independently performed the procedure on 20 additional patients. Major surgical complications were rare. Conclusions: Life-saving surgical treatment for cervical cancer is now available for the first time, as a routine clinical service, in Central/Northern, Malawi.
(3694) Reginald Percy Chalkley
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Breast cancer awareness in the sub-Saharan African ABC-DO cohort: African Breast Cancer—Disparities in Outcomes study
Creators: name: Galukande, M., Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
name: dos Santos Silva, I.
name: Zietsman, A., Windhoek Central Hospital, Windhoek, Namibia
name: Anele, A.
name: McCormack, V.
name: Pinder, L.
name: McKenzie, F.
name: Adisa, C.
name: Parham, G.
Publisher: name: Springer International Publishing
Year: 2018

description: A greater understanding of the nature and drivers of poor breast cancer (BC) awareness in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) will inform much needed awareness programmes. We aimed to assess the level and nature of BC awareness in the multi-country African Breast Cancer—Disparities in Outcome (ABC-DO) cohort of women newly diagnosed with BC during 2014–2017. Awareness indicators were assessed during a baseline interview at/near diagnosis. Logistic/ordinal regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) for indicators of BC awareness in relation to woman-level characteristics for individual settings and then meta-analyzed. In the 1,451 women included, almost all Namibian non-black women (n = 104) knew of BC and its curability, while in Namibian black and Zambian women, one in 7 (~ 15%) had not previously heard of BC and 25–40% did not know it was curable. In Uganda and Nigeria awareness was lowest: one in four women had no BC awareness, and 2 in 3 had no knowledge of its cure potential. Low educational level, unskilled employment, low socioeconomic position, rural residence, older age, being unmarried, and in some settings HIV-positivity, were associated with lower BC awareness—e.g., having unskilled employment was associated with not having heard of BC (summary OR 3.37; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.17–5.23), believing that it is incurable (2.43; 1.81–3.26), and not recognizing a breast lump symptom (1.85; 1.41–2.43) but with between-setting variation (I2 > 68% for all). The findings provide evidence of the level and difference in BC awareness and beliefs across different settings, highlighting the urgent need for context-specific education programmes in the SSA region.
A Symbolic Treatment of Riordan Arrays
Creators: name: Agapito, José
name: Mestre, Ângela
name: Petrullo, Pasquale
name: Torres, Maria M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 05A40, 05A15, 05A19, 11B83

description: We approach Riordan arrays and their generalizations via umbral symbolic methods. This new approach allows us to derive fundamental aspects of the theory of Riordan arrays as immediate consequences of the umbral version of the classical Abel's identity for polynomials. In particular, we obtain a novel non-recursive formula for Riordan arrays and derive, from this new formula, some known recurrences and a new recurrence relation for Riordan arrays.
description: 16 pages
INHIBITION OF ANGIOGENESIS USING GLYCOLYSIS INHIBITORS: AN IN VITRO STUDY
Creators: name: ABDALI, ANAHITA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2019

description: Aberrant angiogenesis contributes to many pathophysiological conditions such as cancer and diabetes mellitus. Current anti-angiogenic therapies aim at targeting key angiogenic growth factors or their endothelial cell-expressed receptors including VEGF and VEGFRs. This strategy, however, often fails to render sustained responses with minimal increased survival rate in treatment of several cancers due to toxicity and drug resistance. A novel approach in the angiogenic field is by indirect and partial inhibition of glycolysis by targeting phosphofructokinase-fructose-2,6-bisphophatase 3 (PFKFB3). Neo-angiogenesis by endothelial cells (ECs) is regulated by metabolism: mainly glycolysis. The lead anti-glycolytic compound, 3-(3-pyridinyl)-1-(4-pyridinyl)-2-propen-1-one (3PO), was identified as a promising compound to reduce pathological angiogenesis and tumor growth. However, doubts has risen about its true mechanism of action. We confirm that 3PO partially reduced glycolysis, EC migration enough to impair vessel sprouting. Further, we demonstrate that these effects cannot be attributed to its? suggested binding to the target PFKFB3. 3PO does not bind to PFKFB3 and does not inhibit PFKFB3 kinase activity. Finally, 3PO caused intracellular acidification caused by lactate accumulation in ECs. In another study we have observed a strong transcriptional regulation of these transporters by 3PO. For these reasons, we speculate that 3PO regulate activity of lactate transporters, monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) and MCT4. We next identified two selective PFKFB3 inhibitors, PA-1 and PA-2, with validated binding and potent inhibitory activity towards PFKFB3. We demonstrate that these inhibitors reduced glycolysis to similar levels as silencing of PFKFB3 or using 3PO. In turn, formation capillary-like structures was impaired by inhibiting EC proliferation and migration. PFKFB3-mediated inhibition of glycolysis resulted in inhibition of transcription and activity of matrix metalloproteases (MMP)-2 and MMP-9. Furthermore, blockade of PFKFB3 with PA compounds also acted on the VEGFA/VEGFR2 axis and reduced angiogenic activation in inflamed ECs. These insights offer promising opportunities to treat aberrant angiogenesis and vasculogenesis. Taken together, our research has provided two selective PFKFB3 inhibitors to suppress neo-angiogenesis. Derivatives of these compounds are being studied in preclinical atherosclerotic models characterized by intraplaque angiogenesis. Future research will provide insight into their potential to promote atherosclerotic plaque stability.
Developing institutions for cancer care in low-income and middle-income countries: from cancer units to comprehensive cancer centres
Creators: name: Venkataramanan, R.
name: Purushotham, A.
name: Shrikhande, S.V.
name: Shamieh, O.
name: Sirohi, B.
name: Eden, T.
name: Sullivan, R.
name: Stanway, S.
name: Mwanahamuntu, M.
name: Chalkidou, K.
name: Anderson, B.O.
name: Loeher, P.
name: El Dewachi, O.
name: Tsunoda, A.
name: Pramesh, C.S.
name: Parham, G.
name: Rath, G.K.
Publisher: name: Lancet Publishing Group
Year: 2018

description: Global cancer centres operate across different sizes, scales, and ecosystems. Understanding the essential aspects of the creation, organisation, accreditation, and activities within these settings is crucial for developing an affordable, equitable, and quality cancer care, research, and education system. Robust guidelines are scarce for cancer units, cancer centres, and comprehensive cancer centres in low-income and middle-income countries. However, some robust examples of the delivery of complex cancer care in centres in emerging economies are available. Although it is impossible to create an optimal system to fit the unique needs of all countries for the delivery of cancer care, we summarise what has been published about the development and management of cancer centres in low-income and middle-income countries so far and highlight the need for clinical and political leadership.
Demonstration of an algorithm to overcome health system-related barriers to timely diagnosis of breast diseases in rural Zambia
Creators: name: Kapambwe, S.
name: Kusweje, V.
name: Chiboola, H.
name: Mwaba, C.
name: Amuyunzu-Nyamongo, M.
name: Henry-Tillman, R.
name: Parham, G.P.
name: Lermontov, P.
name: Pinder, L.F.
name: Nzayisenga, J.-B.
name: Shibemba, A.
name: Mumba, C.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2018

description: Background Long delays to diagnosis is a major cause of late presentation of breast diseases in sub-Saharan Africa. Aims We designed and implemented a single-visit breast care algorithm that overcomes health system-related barriers to timely diagnosis of breast diseases. Methods A multidisciplinary team of Zambian healthcare experts trained a team of mid- and high-level Zambian healthcare practitioners how to evaluate women for breast diseases, and train trainers to do likewise. Working collaboratively, the two teams then designed a clinical platform that provides multiple breast care services within a single visit. The service platform was implemented using a breast outreach camp format, during which breast self-awareness, psychosocial counseling, clinical breast examination, breast ultrasound, ultrasound-guided biopsy, imprint cytology of biopsy specimens and surgical treatment or referral, were offered within a single visit. Results Eleven hundred and twenty-nine (1129) women attended the camps for breast care. Mean age was 35.9 years. The majority were multiparous (79.4%), breast-fed (76.0%), and reported hormone use (50.4%). Abnormalities were detected on clinical breast examination in 122 (10.8%) women, 114 of whom required ultrasound. Of the 114 who underwent ultrasound, 48 had identifiable lesions and were evaluated with ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy (39) or fine-needle aspiration (9). The concordance between imprint cytology and histopathology was 100%, when breast specimens were classified as either benign or malignant. However, when specimens were classified by histopathologic subtype, the concordance between imprint cytology and histology was 85.7% for benign and 100% for malignant lesions. Six (6) women were diagnosed with invasive cancer. Eighteen (18) women with symptomatic breast lesions had next-day surgery. Significance Similar to its impact on cervical cancer prevention services, a single visit breast care algorithm has the potential to overcome health system-related barriers to timely diagnosis of breast diseases, including cancer, in rural African settings.
A high-sensitivity polarimeter using a ferro-electric liquid crystal modulator
Creators: name: Bailey, Jeremy
name: Kedziora-Chudczer, Lucyna
name: Cotton, Daniel V.
name: Bott, Kimberly
name: Hough, J. H.
name: Lucas, P. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the HIgh Precision Polarimetric Instrument (HIPPI), a polarimeter built at UNSW Australia and used on the Anglo-Australian Telescope (AAT). HIPPI is an aperture polarimeter using a ferro-electric liquid crystal modulator. HIPPI measures the linear polarization of starlight with a sensitivity in fractional polarization of ~4 x 10$^{-6}$ on low polarization objects and a precision of better than 0.01% on highly polarized stars. The detectors have a high dynamic range allowing observations of the brightest stars in the sky as well as much fainter objects. The telescope polarization of the AAT is found to be 48 $\pm$ 5 x 10$^{-6}$ in the g' band.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, accepted in MNRAS
L'APPRENTISSAGE DU VIOLON � LA CROIS�E DE L'�COLE RATIONALISTE FRAN�AISE ET DE L'�COLE PRAGMATISTE SUZUKI
Creators: name: MIRKOVIC, KRISTINA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2016

description: The thesis, a volume of 466 pages, including a dozen pages of bibliography is organized in three parts spread over eight chapters, with an introduction and a conclusion. The introduction describes a path at the intersection of music and philosophy, on one side with graduate training in violin, the other in the encounter with phenomenology through the thought of Antonio Banfi in Italy. This dual experience motivates the theoretical impulse of all, leading to build in the first part of an empirical phenomenology which, in the field of art, would be attentive to the execution of works and instrumental technique. This requirement extends, in the thesis, a precise and concrete way through the confrontation of two methods of learning the violin, which are opposite to each other at all levels: on one hand the method of Pierre Baillot and the other that of Shinichi Suzuki. The first outcome of the sphere of the Paris Conservatoire just before the mid-nineteenth century, values the professionalism and selection, written music and playing the score; the other, carried by ancestral values of spirituality, belongs to Japan after the Second World War and advocates music for all, in its ability to transform the lives of everyone. Similar to the mother tongue, with the emotions that this implies, the music is so learned in any other way that where, as in Baillot, an analytical design and discipline prevails: listening, oral and beautiful sound are, in Suzuki, the main springs of the method. The interest of the thesis is however not to stay in generalities about it and getting into sharpened descriptions of all aspects of learning: stages of progression, body postures, taking account of singing and voice are all elements that contribute to the construction of the vis-�-vis between the two methods, in important chapters IV to VI. A huge number of examples is used as a document from the literature of treaties and revived in the light of experience.
Drivers of advanced stage at breast cancer diagnosis in the multicountry African breast cancer – disparities in outcomes (ABC-DO) study
Creators: name: Lukande, R.
name: Kidaaga, F.
name: Offiah, A.U.
name: dos Santos Silva, I.
name: Anele, A.
name: Zietsman, A.
name: Egejuru, R.O.
name: Parham, G.
name: Cubasch, H.
name: Shibemba, A.
name: Joffe, M.
name: Adisa, C.
name: McCormack, V.
name: Anderson, B.O.
name: Pinder, L.
name: Schuz, J.
name: McKenzie, F.
name: Galukande, M.
Publisher: name: Wiley-Liss Inc.
Year: 2018

description: Breast cancer (BC) survival rates in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are low in part due to advanced stage at diagnosis. As one component of a study of the entire journey of SSA women with BC, we aimed to identify shared and setting-specific drivers of advanced stage BC. Women newly diagnosed in the multicountry African Breast Cancer–Disparities in Outcomes (ABC-DO) study completed a baseline interview and their stage information was extracted from medical records. Ordinal logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for advanced stage (I, II, III, IV) in relation to individual woman-level, referral and biological factors. A total of 1795 women were included from Nigeria, Uganda, Zambia, and the multiracial populations of Namibia and South Africa, 1091 of whom (61%) were stage III/IV. Stage was lower in women with greater BC knowledge (OR 0.77 (95% CI: 0.70, 0.85) per point on a 6 point scale). More advanced stage was associated with being black (4.00 (2.79, 5.74)), having attended <secondary education (1.75 (1.42, 2.16)), having never heard of BC (1.64 (1.31, 2.06)), an unskilled job (1.77 (1.43, 2.20)) and pregnancy in the past 3 years (30% of ≤45 year olds) (1.63 (1.15, 2.31)), and were mediated through delays to diagnosis: symptom duration of ≥ 1 year (OR 2.47 (1.93, 3.15)). These findings provide further evidence that late-stage BC in SSA is largely attributed to modifiable factors and strategies to improve BC education and awareness in women and the health system should be intensified.
Differences in cervical cancer screening knowledge and practices by HIV status and geographic location: Implication for program implementation in Zambia
Creators: name: Pinder, L.F.
name: Subramanian, S.
name: Kapambwe, S.
name: Nyambe, N.
name: Hoover, S.
name: Parham, G.
name: Chibwesha, C.J.
Publisher: name: Women's Health and Action Research Centre
Year: 2018

description: The knowledge and perceptions of cervical cancer among HIV negative and positive women, aged 25-49 years, from rural and urban locations in Zambia was systematically accessed in this study to determine any differences. Data were coded and analyzed using NVivo software. Compared to HIV negative women, HIV positive women had more accurate information about cervical cancer. They were more likely to cite male circumcision as the best approach to cervical cancer prevention. HPV infection was more commonly mentioned as a risk factor among HIV positive women. However, HIV positive women displayed little knowledge about HPV being the major cause of cervical cancer. Among HIV positive women, lack of time was the major screening barrier cited while HIV negative women mentioned being symptomatic as a determinant for early detection. Compared to rural residents, urban residents cited a wider range of cervical cancer information sources, including media and workplace although all of the participants who stated that they had no knowledge of cervical cancer were urban residents. Overall, knowledge and perceptions of cervical cancer among study participants was high, although differences exist between subgroups. Sharing accurate and standardized information on cervical cancer would improve participation in cervical cancer screening services.
Mops trevori : J. A. Allen 1917
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Mittermeier, Russell A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Molossidae
Mops
Mops trevori

description: 90. Trevor's Free-tailed Bat Mops trevori French: Tadaride de Trevor / German: Trevor-Bulldogfledermaus / Spanish: Mops de Trevor Other common names: Trevor's Bat, Trevor's Mops Bat Taxonomy. Mops trevori J. A. Allen, 1917, “Faradje,” DR Congo. This species is monotypic. Distribution. Two disjunct ranges, in W Africa (extreme SE Guinea E to extreme SW Nigeria) and C Africa (NE DR Congo and W Uganda). Descriptive notes. Head—body 81-90 mm, tall 34-44 mm, ear 18-25 mm, hindfoot 11-15 mm, forearm 51-55 mm. Fur is short, sleek and almost lacking across shoulder, medium sepia-brown or yellowish brown with no grizzling spots above, with dark patch behind and below ear; below pale grayish brown, pale pinkish gray or pale yellowish brown becoming darker on flanks, with no mid-ventral markings or contrasting flank-stripe; orange morph is pale rusty brown above and pinkish buff below. Upper lip has 8-9 well-defined wrinkles on each side and many spoon-hairs. Wings and uropatagium are dark brown. Ears are dark brown and relatively long (almost reaching muzzle when laid flat), inner margins connected by interaural band of skin having forward-facing fold. Tragus is minute, and concealed by antitragus, which is large and trapezoid. Anterior palate is closed, and basisphenoid pits are deep. As is typical for Mops, cusps on M? have third ridge much reduced. Habitat. [Lowland forest. Trevor's Free-tailed Bat may be a forest-savanna mosaic specialist. In Nigeria, the species has been observed flying over a fish pond close to tropical moist forest. Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. In north-eastern DR Congo, a pregnant female was captured in late September. Activity patterns. Trevor's Free-tailed Bats roost in hollow trees. Movements, Home range and Social organization. Trevor's Free-tailed Bats roost communally in small colonies. Status and Conservation. Classified as Data Deficient on The [UCN Red List. Bibliography. ACR (2017), Happold, M. (2013as), Lang & Chapin (1917b), Mickleburgh, Hutson, Bergmans, Cotterill & Fahr (2014), Peterson (1972).
description: Published as part of Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier, 2019, Molossidae, pp. 598-672 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on pages 656-657, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6418279
Leverage of an existing cervical cancer prevention service platform to initiate breast cancer control services in Zambia: Experiences and early outcomes
Creators: name: Pinder, L.F.
name: Kusweje, V.
name: Parham, G.P.
name: Linyama, D.
name: Henry-Tillman, R.
name: Hicks, M.
name: Lishimpi, K.
name: Nzayisenga, J.-B.
name: Sahasrabuddhe, V.
name: Mwanahamuntu, M.
name: Shibemba, A.
Publisher: name: American Society of Clinical Oncology
Year: 2018

description: Purpose In 2005, the Cervical Cancer Prevention Program in Zambia (CCPPZ) was implemented and has since provided cervical cancer screen-And-Treat services to more than 500,000 women. By leveraging the successes and experiences of the CCPPZ, we intended to build capacity for the early detection and surgical treatment of breast cancer. Methods Our initiative sought to build capacity for breast cancer care through the (1) formation of a breast cancer advocacy alliance to raise awareness, (2) creation of resource-Appropriate breast cancer care training curricula for mid-and high-level providers, and (3) implementation of early detection and treatment capacity within two major health care facilities. Results Six months after the completion of the initiative, the following outcomes were documented: Breast health education and clinical breast examination (CBE) services were successfully integrated into the service platforms of four CCPPZ clinics. Two new breast diagnostic centers were opened, which provided access to breast ultrasound, ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy, and needle aspiration. Breast health education and CBE were provided to 1,955 clients, 167 of whom were evaluated at the two diagnostic centers; 55 of those evaluated underwent core-needle biopsy, of which 17 were diagnosed with invasive cancer. Newly trained surgeons performed six sentinel lymph node mappings, eight sentinel lymph node dissections, and 10 breast conservation surgeries (lumpectomies). Conclusion This initiative successfully established clinical services in Zambia that are critical for the early detection and surgical management of breast cancer.
Minimizing verification bias in cervical cancer screening of HIV-infected women
Creators: name: Bateman, A.C.
name: Parham, G.P.
name: Chibwesha, C.J.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Ireland Ltd
Year: 2015

description: Approximately one-third of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2 and above can be missed by only biopsying quadrants of the cervix with visible lesions by digital cervicography.
Implementation of 'see-and-treat' cervical cancer prevention services linked to HIV care in Zambia
Creators: name: Hicks, M.L.
name: Mudenda, V.
name: Stringer, J.S.A.
name: Sahasrabuddhe, V.V.
name: Vermund, S.H.
name: Mwanahamuntu, M.H.
name: Parham, G.P.
name: Pfaendler, K.S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Greater than 80% of the world's new cases and deaths due to cervical cancer occur in the
developing world. No more than 5% of women in these settings are screened for cervical
cancer even once in their lifetimes. Earlier attempts to establish population-based cervical
cancer prevention programs using cytology screening in resource-limited settings have
inevitably fallen short or failed. Although many of the reasons for failure can be attributed
to lack of resources and trained manpower, the multiple visit requirements of cytology-based
screening programs jeopardizes success and sustainability.
(3696) Michael Tatham
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Prevalence and predictors of squamous intraepithelial lesions of the cervix in HIV-infected women in Lusaka, Zambia
Creators: name: Hicks, M.L.
name: Vermund, S.H.
name: Sahasrabuddhe, V.V.
name: Parham, G.P.
name: Stringer, E.M.
name: Mwanahamuntu, M.H.
name: Shepherd, B.E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Objectives.: HIV-infected women living in resource-constrained nations like Zambia are now accessing antiretroviral therapy and thus may live long enough for HPV-induced cervical cancer to manifest and progress. We evaluated the prevalence and predictors of cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) among HIV-infected women in Zambia. Methods.: We screened 150 consecutive, non-pregnant HIV-infected women accessing HIV/AIDS care services in Lusaka, Zambia. We collected cervical specimens for cytological analysis by liquid-based monolayer cytology (ThinPrep Pap Test®) and HPV typing using the Roche Linear Array® PCR assay. Results.: The median age of study participants was 36 years (range 23-49 years) and their median CD4+ count was 165/μL (range 7-942). The prevalence of SIL on cytology was 76% (114/150), of which 23.3% (35/150) women had low-grade SIL, 32.6% (49/150) had high-grade SIL, and 20% (30/150) had lesions suspicious for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). High-risk HPV types were present in 85.3% (128/150) women. On univariate analyses, age of the participant, CD4+ cell count, and presence of any high-risk HPV type were significantly associated with the presence of severely abnormal cytological lesions (i.e., high-grade SIL and lesions suspicious for SCC). Multivariable logistic regression modeling suggested the presence of any high-risk HPV type as an independent predictor of severely abnormal cytology (adjusted OR: 12.4, 95% CI 2.62-58.1, p = 0.02). Conclusions.: The high prevalence of abnormal squamous cytology in our study is one of the highest reported in any population worldwide. Screening of HIV-infected women in resource-constrained settings like Zambia should be implemented to prevent development of HPV-induced SCC.
Damage And Fracture In Skin: Applications In Needle Insertion
Creators: name: Dharmangadan Sree, Vivek
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biomechanical engineering
Numerical modelling and mechanical characterisation
Mechanical engineering not elsewhere classified
Biomechanics
Solid mechanics
Medical devices

description: Subcutaneous injection through devices such as autoinjectors is a preferred delivery method for wide array of pharmaceuticals such as monoclonal antibodies. Needle insertion during drug delivery involves large deformation, damage, and fracture of the skin tissue and affects drug transport and uptake. Yet, our understanding of needle insertion biomechanics is limited, but is crucially important to create autoinjectors that lead to the least amount of pain, penetrate the skin to a desired depth, produce small lesions that minimize back flow of drug, and operate robustly even given the variability in the skin mechanics among individuals. Computational models of needle insertion lends itself as an excellent avenue for studying the biomechanics of injector- skin interactions and for proposing better device designs. This work is focused on introducing a comprehensive computational modeling framework for optimizing needle insertion by autoinjector devices, while addressing limitations in experimental data and constitutive modeling of damage and fracture mechanisms in skin
Vaccination with HPV-18 E7-pulsed dendritic cells in a patient with metastatic cervical cancer [7]
Creators: name: Santin, Alessandro D.
name: Parham, Groesbeck P.
name: Cannon, Martin J.
name: Bellone, Stefania
name: Gokden, Murat
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: To the Editor: The anagement of disseminated carcinoma of the cervix that is no longer amenable to control with surgery or radiation therapy has not improved significantly with the advent of modern chemotherapy. The one-year survival rate remains between 10 percent and 15 percent. Studies have provided a rationale for using dendritic cells as natural adjuvants for human immunotherapy.
Graph realizations constrained by skeleton graphs
Creators: name: Erdős, Péter L.
name: Hartke, Stephen G.
name: van Iersel, Leo
name: Miklós, István
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C07

description: In 2008 Amanatidis, Green and Mihail introduced the Joint Degree Matrix (JDM) model to capture the fundamental difference in assortativity of networks in nature studied by the physical and life sciences and social networks studied in the social sciences. In 2014 Czabarka proposed a direct generalization of the JDM model, the Partition Adjacency Matrix (PAM) model. In the PAM model the vertices have specified degrees, and the vertex set itself is partitioned into classes. For each pair of vertex classes the number of edges between the classes in a graph realization is prescribed. In this paper we apply the new {\em skeleton graph} model to describe the same information as the PAM model. Our model is more convenient for handling problems with low number of partition classes or with special topological restrictions among the classes. We investigate two particular cases in detail: (i) when there are only two vertex classes and (ii) when the skeleton graph contains at most one cycle.
description: 19 pages