cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Coupling of PbS Quantum Dots to Photonic Crystal Cavities at Room Temperature
Creators: name: Fushman, Ilya
name: Englund, Dirk
name: Vuckovic, Jelena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the coupling of PbS quantum dot emission to photonic crystal cavities at room temperature. The cavities are defined in 33% Al, AlGaAs membranes on top of oxidized AlAs. Quantum dots were dissolved in Poly-methyl-methacrylate (PMMA) and spun on top of the cavities. Quantum dot emission is shown to map out the structure resonances, and may prove to be viable sources for room temperature cavity coupled single photon generation for quantum information processing applications. These results also indicate that such commercially available quantum dots can be used for passive structure characterization. The deposition technique is versatile and allows layers with different dot densities and emission wavelengths to be re-deposited on the same chip.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
CT Image Segmentation for Inflamed and Fibrotic Lungs Using a Multi-Resolution Convolutional Neural Network
Creators: name: Gerard, Sarah E.
name: Herrmann, Jacob
name: Xin, Yi
name: Martin, Kevin T.
name: Rezoagli, Emanuele
name: Ippolito, Davide
name: Bellani, Giacomo
name: Cereda, Maurizio
name: Guo, Junfeng
name: Hoffman, Eric A.
name: Kaczka, David W.
name: Reinhardt, Joseph M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The purpose of this study was to develop a fully-automated segmentation algorithm, robust to various density enhancing lung abnormalities, to facilitate rapid quantitative analysis of computed tomography images. A polymorphic training approach is proposed, in which both specifically labeled left and right lungs of humans with COPD, and nonspecifically labeled lungs of animals with acute lung injury, were incorporated into training a single neural network. The resulting network is intended for predicting left and right lung regions in humans with or without diffuse opacification and consolidation. Performance of the proposed lung segmentation algorithm was extensively evaluated on CT scans of subjects with COPD, confirmed COVID-19, lung cancer, and IPF, despite no labeled training data of the latter three diseases. Lobar segmentations were obtained using the left and right lung segmentation as input to the LobeNet algorithm. Regional lobar analysis was performed using hierarchical clustering to identify radiographic subtypes of COVID-19. The proposed lung segmentation algorithm was quantitatively evaluated using semi-automated and manually-corrected segmentations in 87 COVID-19 CT images, achieving an average symmetric surface distance of $0.495 \pm 0.309$ mm and Dice coefficient of $0.985 \pm 0.011$. Hierarchical clustering identified four radiographical phenotypes of COVID-19 based on lobar fractions of consolidated and poorly aerated tissue. Lower left and lower right lobes were consistently more afflicted with poor aeration and consolidation. However, the most severe cases demonstrated involvement of all lobes. The polymorphic training approach was able to accurately segment COVID-19 cases with diffuse consolidation without requiring COVID-19 cases for training.
MARKETING ASPECTS OF THE MICHIGAN POTATO INDUSTRY
Creators: name: Fabre, Michel
name: Fabre, Michel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1974
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The Michigan potato industry has undergone major transformations in the last twenty-five years. In Michigan the number of farms harvesting potatoes in 1969 was 1.4% of what it was in 1945. Since that date acreage in potatoes in the state decreased by two thirds. The industry deeply felt the shift in consumption from fresh potatoes to processed potato products. The industry has been a stagnant portion of the state agricultural economy with around 2% of the cash receipts from marketings since 1960. Yet there are some indications that the Michigan potato industry has a good potential which could be realized, if certain modifications in the way it markets its products were implemented. This paper focuses on the market for potatoes in their raw form, as opposed to processed potatoes or potato products. It attempts to provide an understanding of the relationship between basically two groups of participants in the market: those who grow potatoes and those who ship them to wholesalers, processors, or retailers. Hopefully, with this understanding, individuals in the industry and in public agencies will have a better basis for evaluating problems and the consequences of the decisions they will make in trying to increase the total revenue in the Michigan potato industry.
Hydrodynamic sound and plasmons in three dimensions
Creators: name: Jian, Shao-Kai
name: Sarma, Sankar Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent paper by Lucas and Das Sarma [Physical Review B 97, 115449 (2018)], a solvable model of collective modes in 2D metals was considered in the hydrodynamic regime. In the current work, we generalize the hydrodynamic theory to 3D metals for which the calculation of sound modes in a strongly-coupled quantum Coulomb plasma can be made explicit. The specific theoretical question of interest is how the usual linearly dispersing hydrodynamic sound mode relates to the well-known gapped 3D plasmon collective mode in the presence of long-range Coulomb interaction. We show analytically that both the zero sound in the collisionless regime and the first sound in the hydrodynamic region become massive in 3D, acquiring a finite gap because of the long-range Coulomb interaction, while their damping rates become quadratic in momentum. We also discuss other types of long-range potential, where the dispersion of sound modes is modified accordingly. The general result is that the leading order hydrodynamic sound mode is always given by the leading-order plasmon frequency in the presence of long-range Coulomb interaction, but the next-to-leading-order dispersion corrections differ in hydrodynamic and colllisionless regimes.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure
The Evolution of Global Institutions Governing the Movement of Plant Genetic Resources
Creators: name: Beedy, Tracy
name: Beedy, Tracy
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Much of the world's food supply is supported by crop varieties developed from plant genetic resources by plant breeders in the public, private and smallholder spheres. International movement of plant genetic resources has changed markedly in recent decades due to changes in international treaties, such as the Convention on Biodiversity and the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources. This study uses the SSP institutional analysis paradigm to describe the performance outcomes of the interaction of international treaties with inherent interdependencies such as high information costs, high contracting costs, high exclusion costs and economies of scale. It examines some of the driving forces of institutional change in the negotiation of the three treaties, identifies possible useful institutional linkages at the national level and suggests area for later empirical research.
Exposure of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients to particulate air pollution : an assessment of respiratory health effects
Creators: name: Fisher, Teri Vered
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Epidemiological studies suggest associations between particulate air pollution and health effects, including decreased lung function, and increased respiratory symptoms and medication use. Studies also suggest that persons with cardiopulmonary disease may be at increased risk for particle-related health effects. This study measured personal and ambient fine particulate (PM₂.₅) and sulfate concentrations for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients, and evaluated the relationships between exposure and lung function, respiratory symptoms, and medication use. This study was conducted during the summer of 1998 in the Greater Vancouver Regional District, British Columbia. Sixteen (7 male, 9 female) non-smoking COPD patients (mean age: 74, range: 54-86) were recruited from the Vancouver Hospital Respiratory Clinic (13) and B.C. Lung Association (3). Each subject was equipped with a PM₂.₅ monitor, activity diary, and medication log for seven 24-hour periods (approximately 1.5 weeks apart). Before and after sampling periods, subjects performed forced expiratory maneuvers using portable spirometers. Following sampling periods, subjects completed symptom questionnaire interviews. Ambient PM₂.₅ measurements were obtained on days corresponding to personal sampling at 5 sites within the study area. All samples were analyzed for PM₂.₅ mass and sulfate concentrations. Mean personal and ambient PM₂.₅ (and sulfate) levels were 18 and 11 (1.5 and 1.9) μg/m³, respectively. No associations between air pollution and respiratory health outcomes were statistically significant. However, weighted regression analyses suggest that up to a 1% decline in FEVi may be associated with each 10 pg/m3 increase in ambient PM₂.₅ , and 0.27- 1.04% declines in FEVi may be associated with each μg/m³ increase in personal and ambient sulfate. These associations were not observed with respect to personal PM₂.₅ exposure, suggesting that ambient PM₂.₅, personal sulfate, and ambient sulfate were more strongly associated with adverse health effects than was personal PM₂.₅. Ozone also appeared to be associated with decreased FEVi. Consequently, it was not possible to differentiate between the effects of particulates and ozone. No consistent associations were observed between any exposure measure and symptom severity or bronchodilator use. Major limitations of this study included the small degree of variability in exposure, and the quality of symptom questionnaire and bronchodilator use data.
Modeling multiscale complex biological systems using PISKa
Creators: name: Fuenzalida, Ignacio
name: Martin, Alberto JM
name: Perez-Acle, Tomas
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: Stochastic simulation is an increasingly important method used to solve problems in biological sciences. This method models the behaviour of systems where elements interact with each other in an aleatory manner, taking advantage of the intrinsic randomness of the reactions happening in real biological systems. The Stochastic Simulation Algorithm (SSA) is a Monte Carlo procedure based on the assumption that the simulated system is well-mixed. While the first characteristic prevents the parallelization of the algorithm, the second is the opportunity to achieve it. Complex biological systems are formed by explicit compartments with different concentrations of elements, breaking the well-mixed assumption and allowing to divide the problem conveniently. In literature the SSA has been expanded to incorporate diffusion by dividing the reaction volume in homogeneous compartments. However, in biochemical sciences, the complexity of some studied systems is still far from achievable using the computational power available nowadays. The main objective of this work is the development of an optimized simulation tool which allows the modeling of reaction-diffusion systems and its execution on distributed computing architectures. Our version of the SSA implemented in PISKa, makes profitable use of the system’s spatial properties by partitioning the problem domain to approximate the sequential algorithm by using the MPI paradigm. PISKa includes an extension of the Kappa-Language to allow the explicit description of compartments and an iterative process for system simulation and synchronization. In this work we also provide error based comparisons with the non-parallel version of the SSA implemented in KaSim. Our results show that depending on the simulated system and the set of parameters, Parallel Implementation of Spatial Kappa (PISKa) can closely approximate the algorithm, has a better running performance and is able to reliably simulate complex biological systems.
Hermitian Dirac Hamiltonian in time dependent gravitational field
Creators: name: Leclerc, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown by a straightforward argument that the Hamiltonian generating the time evolution of the Dirac wave function in relativistic quantum mechanics is not hermitian with respect to the covariantly defined inner product whenever the background metric is time dependent. An alternative, hermitian, Hamiltonian is found and is shown to be directly related to the canonical field Hamiltonian used in quantum field theory.
description: 9 pages, final version, to appear in Class. Quant. Grav
Recommendations for Implementation of Uniform Project Identification from the UPI Task Force
Creators: name: Southgate, Herbert F.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1974
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: For years project identifications have been based upon county, section, subsection, and phase of work. While this system worked well in the beginning, overlay constructions, widening efforts, etc. have caused overlapping of projects to the point that identification of a given portion of a highway has become very difficult. Furthermore, each of the many separate phases of work has its own project number and may not be so readily identifiable as the succeeding work phase.  Management came to realize there was a need for a numbering identification system that would be readily understandable. The direct result was the development of the Reference Point (RP) system and the resulting use of the Hardin County file on the GIM computer system. Subsequently, the Division of Planning was given the responsibility of assigning RP' s to all state system highways and preparing a complete set of county RP maps and RP descriptions.  On May 15, 1973, the Secretary of Transportation signed Official Order No. 80184 (see APPENDIX A) authorizing the formation of the Uniform Project Identification (UP!) Task Force, which was to be responsible to the Highway Indexing System Evaluation Committee. The Task Force personnel were assigned by mid-July, and the first meeting was held the end of July 1973. Meetings were conducted during August, September, early October, and late November 1973, and resulted in the issuance of memorandums dated August 15, 1973, and September 24, 1973 (see APPENDIX B).
Correlation filtering in financial time series
Creators: name: Aste, T.
name: Di Matteo, T.
name: Tumminello, M.
name: Mantegna, R. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply a method to filter relevant information from the correlation coefficient matrix by extracting a network of relevant interactions. This method succeeds to generate networks with the same hierarchical structure of the Minimum Spanning Tree but containing a larger amount of links resulting in a richer network topology allowing loops and cliques. In Tumminello et al. \cite{TumminielloPNAS05}, we have shown that this method, applied to a financial portfolio of 100 stocks in the USA equity markets, is pretty efficient in filtering relevant information about the clustering of the system and its hierarchical structure both on the whole system and within each cluster. In particular, we have found that triangular loops and 4 element cliques have important and significant relations with the market structure and properties. Here we apply this filtering procedure to the analysis of correlation in two different kind of interest rate time series (16 Eurodollars and 34 US interest rates).
description: 10 pages 7 figures
Exploring iterative and non-iterative Fourier series-based methods of control optimization in application to a discontinuous capsule drive model
Creators: name: Zarychta, Sandra
name: Balcerzak, Marek
name: Wojewoda, Jerzy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The paper explains iterative and non-iterative approaches to control optimization with use of the Fourier series-based method. Both variants of the presented algorithm are used to numerically approximate optimal control of a discontinuous pendulum capsule drive. Firstly, the general algorithm and its two realizations (iterative and non-iterative) are presented. It is shown that the iterative variant assures non-decreasing quality of solutions in subsequent repetitions of the procedure and the background of such guarantees is explained. A numerical example follows: control of a self-propelled capsule drive is optimized using both approaches. Results are compared and discussed. It is expected that the presented methods can be useful in optimal control estimation for complex systems, particularly discontinuous ones.
description: 34 pages, 6 figures, submitted to Nonlinear Dynamics, research data available over Mendeley Data, V1, doi: https://doi.org/10.17632/cbv6nd58sc.1
Constraining cosmic superstrings with dilaton emission
Creators: name: Babichev, E.
name: Kachelriess, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Brane inflation predicts the production of cosmic superstrings with tension 10^{-12}
description: 10 pages, 3 figures; v2: Fig 1 is corrected
A Rock Evaluation Schema for Transporting Planning in Kentucky
Creators: name: Tockstein, C. D.
name: Palmer, M. W.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1974
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: The initial goal was to devise an engineering classification system for intact rock samples based on simple index tests which could be used to categorize Kentucky surface and near-surface rock types and assist Kentucky Department of Transportation personnel in planning for transportation facilities. While conducting the literature survey, several facts become apparent:      a large number of rock classification systems, geologic and technical, general and specific, already existed;     an equally large number of index tests had been devised; and     there was a lack of communication among those involved in specialized areas of rock-related work (geologists, civil engineers, mining engineers, etc.), and, to some extent, among individuals within each field.  It was evident from a careful study of existing classification systems and index testing procedures that developing yet another "specialized" classification system with associated index tests would not be a significant contribution. It was decided, therefore, to concentrate on development of an overall rock evaluation schema which, while useful for a specific purpose, would avoid the undesirable disparate characteristics of narrowness or over-generalization prevalent in many classification systems. It was desired also to develop the program format in such a way that accumulated information could be systematically stored for easy access and use. It was apparent that full development and implementation of a program of this nature would require years of further studies and cooperation of many individuals and organizations. Such a program, properly developed and used, would substantially contribute to an advancement and a delineation of the schema and guidelines for its implementation would be a worthy goal.
Bounds on neutrino-scalar nonstandard interactions from big bang nucleosynthesis
Creators: name: Venzor, Jorge
name: Pérez-Lorenzana, Abdel
name: De-Santiago, Josue
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coherent forward scattering processes by neutrino-scalar nonstandard interactions (SNSI) induce an effective neutrino mass. In the Early Universe, a large neutrino effective mass restricts the production of neutrinos. The SNSI effect is modulated by two effective couplings, these account for the coupling between neutrinos and electrons/positrons, $G_{\rm eff}$, and the neutrino self-interaction, $G_{\rm S}$. These parameters are directly related to the effective number of relativistic species and non-zero values imply a smaller than expected $N_{\rm eff}$. We employ big bang nucleosynthesis to constraint the SNSI effect. We find that $ G_{\rm eff }< 1.2$ MeV$^{-2}$ and $ G_{\rm S }< 2.0 \times 10^{7}$ MeV$^{-2}$ at 68\% CL. For a scalar mass in the range $10^{-15} {\rm eV}\lesssim m_ϕ\lesssim 10^{-5}{\rm eV}$, our neutrino-scalar coupling constraint is more restrictive than any previous result.
description: Figure added. Improved discussion and computation of the neutrino decoupling due to SNSI. Accepted for publication in PRD
Identification of Hazardous Locations on Rural Highways in Kentucky
Creators: name: Zegeer, Charles V.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1974
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: The purpose of this study was to determine the most effective method of identifying hazardous locations for on-site investigations. To decrease the possible effect of random or spurious accidents on the identification of hazardous locations, a 0.3-mile (0.48-km) segment was chosen along with 1- and 2-year periods for accumulating and comparing accident data. An optimal method for identifying hazardous locations and sections was determined to be one which (1) maximizes benefits from improvements, (2) identifies locations with critically high accident rates, and (3) identifies potential hazards. A sample of 170 locations was used to compare several location-identification methods. The procedure recommended combines a Number Method, EPDO Method, Rate-Quality Control Method, and objective input from citizens and state police. This procedure should be used to identify hazardous spots 0.3 mile (0.48 km) long and sections 1 and 3 miles (1.61 and 4.83 km) long which should be investigated in the field. A detailed plan for implementing such a procedure is also proposed.
EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE ON FACTORS AFFECTING FEMALE AND HOUSEHOLD LABOR ALLOCATION IN RURAL SIERRA LEONE
Creators: name: Gunther, Helen
name: Gunther, Helen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1978
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital

description: Africa must increase its domestic food production in order to feed its growing population. The importance of increasing food production in the context of national development programs has been widely recognized by both African policy makers and aid donors. Aside from land, labor is the major factor of farm production in most African countries, therefore, the efficient allocation and utilization of household labor is a key consideration in programs attempting to increase farm output. It was estimated by the Economic Commission for Africa that women do between 60 and 80 percent of work in agriculture across Africa. Women are thought to be of central importance in the production and marketing of food crops. In contrast, men are believed to concentrate on cash crop production. Recent studies have shown that African women contribute the majority of labor involved in food production in many African countries. Studies have also shown that males and females put in roughly similar amounts of labor into agriculture, although there is a definite division of labor on basis of crops and type of work. This paper has approached the topic of the role of women in rural development not simply because they are women but because there may be a serious loss of resources and potential due to neglecting women in African agricultural development. The purpose of this paper is to formulate a descriptive micro level analysis of rural household labor allocation by sex, age, region, and income groups in Sierra Leone.
Temperature Distributions in Asphaltic Concrete Pavements
Creators: name: Southgate, Herbert F.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1974
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: The straight-line relationship between temperatures at a given depth and the surface temperatures combined with 5-day average air temperatures appears to be as valid for upper New York State and Arizona as it was for Maryland. The main differences were in the ranges and mean temperatures. Values given herein are for straight-line equations for all 24 hours and for the depths of 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 inches (5.1, 10.2, 15.2, 20.3, 25.4, and 30.5 cm). The original concept appears to be valid and may be used with confidence for estimating pavement temperatures at other latitudes and longitudes.
Adaptation of AASHO Interim Guide to Fundamental Concepts
Creators: name: Southgate, Herbert F.
name: Deen, Robert C.
name: Havens, James H.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1974
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: Using 1971 vehicle classification counts and truck weights from nine Kentucky locations, equivalent axleloads (EAL's) were calculated by several methods. Apparent discrepancies led to a review of axleload equivalency factors used to estimate either EWL's (equivalent wheel loads) or EAL's.  Axleload equivalencies are determined as the ratio of the number of repetitions of a standard or reference load to the number of equivalent (damage-wise) repetitions of the load in question. The choice of equivalency factors can result in as much as a 40-percent difference in calculated EAL's. Most of Kentucky's traffic is made up of axleloads less than 80 kilonewtons (18 kips). The 1973 Kentucky design guide axleload factors are more severe than either the 1959 Kentucky or 1972 AASHO Interim Guide factors for axleloads less than 80 kilonewtons (18 kips). An extensive effort has been made herein to explain these differences. The AASHO Road Test has provided an independent source of data.
Dual description of $η$-deformed OSP sigma models
Creators: name: Alfimov, Mikhail
name: Feigin, Boris
name: Hoare, Ben
name: Litvinov, Alexey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dual description of the $η$-deformed $OSP(N|2m)$ sigma model in the asymptotically free regime ($N>2m+2$). Compared to the case of classical Lie groups, for supergroups there are inequivalent $η$-deformations corresponding to different choices of simple roots. For a class of such deformations we propose the system of screening charges depending on a continuous parameter $b$, which defines the $η$-deformed $OSP(N|2m)$ sigma model in the limit $b\rightarrow\infty$ and a certain Toda QFT as $b\rightarrow0$. In the sigma model regime we show that the leading UV asymptotic of the $η$-deformed model coincides with a perturbed Gaussian theory. In the perturbative regime $b\rightarrow0$ we show that the tree-level two-particle scattering matrix matches the expansion of the trigonometric $OSP(N|2m)$ $S$-matrix.
description: 46 pages, 16 figures; v2: typos fixed; v3: references added, typos fixed, published version
Investigation of the charge transport through disordered organic molecular heterojunctions
Creators: name: Houili, H.
name: Tutis, E.
name: Batistic, I.
name: Zuppiroli, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a new three-dimensional multiparticle Monte Carlo ({\it 3DmpMC}) approach in order to study the hopping charge transport in disordered organic molecular media. The approach is applied here to study the charge transport across an energetically disordered organic molecular heterojunction, known to strongly influence the characteristics of the multilayer devices based on thin organic films. The role of energetic disorder and its spatial correlations, known to govern the transport in the bulk, are examined here for the bilayer homopolar system where the heterojunction represents the bottleneck for the transport. We study the effects of disorder on both sides of the heterojunction, the effects of the spatial correlation within each material and among the layers. Most importantly, the {\it 3DmpMC} approach permits us to treat correctly the effects of the Coulomb interaction among carriers in the region where the charge accumulation in the device is particularly important and the Coulomb interaction most pronounced. The Coulomb interaction enhances the current by increasing the electric field at the heterojunction as well as by affecting the thermalization of the carriers in front of the barrier. Our MC simulations are supplemented by the master equation (ME) calculations in order to build a rather comprehensive picture of the hopping transport over the homopolar heterojunction.
description: 26 pages, 11 figures, LaTeX
Properties of $P_c(4312)$ pentaquark and its bottom partner
Creators: name: Azizi, K.
name: Sarac, Y.
name: Sundu, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of the newly observed pentaquark $P_c(4312)^+$ to shed light on its quantum numbers. To do that, the QCD sum rule approach is used. The measured mass of this particle is close to $Σ_c^{++}\bar{D}^-$ threshold and has a small width, which supports the possibility of its being a molecular state. We consider an interpolating current in a molecular form and analyze both the positive and negative parity states with spin-$\frac{1}{2}$. We also consider the bottom counterpart of the state with similar molecular form. Our mass result for the charm pentaquark state supports that, the quantum numbers of the observed state are consistent with $J^P=\frac{1}{2}^{-}$.
description: 9 Pages and3 Tables. To be published in Chinese Physics C
A PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTS OF THE PRICING MECHANISMS USED IN THE SOYBEAN SUBSECTOR IN URUGUAY
Creators: name: Ugarte, Galdos G.
name: Ugarte, Galdos G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1981
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Demand and Price Analysis

description: Since 1974, Uruguay has adopted an export-led growth strategy of deployment. Macroeconomic policies implemented toward this general objective have achieved impressive results in improving the general economic situation of the country. Increases in nontraditional manufactured exports have been largely responsible for the improvement in the overall growth performance and have brought about a substantial diversification of the export structure. Soybeans have also appeared recently as another nontraditional potentially exportable agricultural product. However, soybean production in Uruguay has not developed enough to make soybean exports an important and permanent source of foreign exchange. Given the need to diversify the export structure of the country, it is important to study why soybean has not developed more in Uruguay. The overall objective of this study is to investigate selected aspects of the Uruguayan soybean subsector in order to provide information for use in evaluating alternative forms of market organization and operation which could lead to improvement in export performance.
GHANA: EXCHANGE RATE REFORMS AND THE REAL EXCHANGE RATE
Creators: name: Asuming-Brempong, Samuel
name: Asuming-Brempong, Samuel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Financial Economics

description: The dual purpose of the exchange rate (the price of a unit of foreign currency) as a means of allocating scarce foreign currency among competing uses and an important determinant of income distribution through its influence on the returns to those who produce or consume treadables, makes it a prime target as a policy tool, as has been experienced in Ghana. This paper addresses issues of exchange rate management in Ghana in both the pre- and post-independence periods, and how these have affected both micro and macro economic variables. It provides an overview of exchange rate reforms in Ghana over the period since Ghana attained independence from Britain in 1957; and investigates the factors that are most important in determining the real exchange rate in Ghana. The paper finds current transfers and real money supply to be very important in determining Ghana's real exchange rate, inter alia. In terms of policy, it finds that nominal exchange rate reform by itself alone is not a panacea for addressing distortions in an economy and promoting economic growth.
On the Continuity Set of an omega Rational Function
Creators: name: Carton, Olivier
name: Finkel, Olivier
name: Simonnet, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we study the continuity of rational functions realized by Büchi finite state transducers. It has been shown by Prieur that it can be decided whether such a function is continuous. We prove here that surprisingly, it cannot be decided whether such a function F has at least one point of continuity and that its continuity set C(F) cannot be computed. In the case of a synchronous rational function, we show that its continuity set is rational and that it can be computed. Furthermore we prove that any rational Pi^0_2-subset of X^omega for some alphabet X is the continuity set C(F) of an omega-rational synchronous function F defined on X^omega.
description: Dedicated to Serge Grigorieff on the occasion of his 60th Birthday
Parafermionization, bosonization, and critical parafermionic theories
Creators: name: Yao, Yuan
name: Furusaki, Akira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate a $\mathbb{Z}_k$-parafermionization/bosonization scheme for one-dimensional lattice models and field theories on a torus, starting from a generalized Jordan-Wigner transformation on a lattice, which extends the Majorana-Ising duality at $k=2$. The $\mathbb{Z}_k$-parafermionization enables us to investigate the critical theories of parafermionic chains whose fundamental degrees of freedom are parafermionic, and we find that their criticality cannot be described by any existing conformal field theory. The modular transformations of these parafermionic low-energy critical theories as general consistency conditions are found to be unconventional in that their partition functions on a torus transform differently from any conformal field theory when $k>2$. Explicit forms of partition functions are obtained by the developed parafermionization for a large class of critical $\mathbb{Z}_k$-parafermionic chains, whose operator contents are intrinsically distinct from any bosonic or fermionic model in terms of conformal spins and statistics. We also use the parafermionization to exhaust all the $\mathbb{Z}_k$-parafermionic minimal models, complementing earlier works on fermionic cases.
description: 27 pages, 3 figures
AN ANALYSIS OF RICE SUPPLY AND DEMAND IN THE IVORY COAST
Creators: name: Coulibaly, Dramane
name: Coulibaly, Dramane
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1979
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Despite the importance of rice in Ivorians's diet, and thus in the economy of the Ivory Coast, self-sufficiency in rice production, until recently, has received little attention from economists and statisticians. Agronomists, sociologists and anthropologists have examined in some detail the cultural practices, soils, land barriers, tools and basic techniques used by the Ivorian farmers. But they have failed to produce much needed basic information related to crop acreage, yields, prices and other areas which are most relevant for policy formulation. This paper analyzes the rice demand and supply in the Ivory Coast, and attempts to estimate both price and income elasticities of demand, and price elasticity of supply.
Large fluctuations in the Sky
Creators: name: Choudhury, Sayantan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Renormalization of quantum loop effects generated from large fluctuations is a hugely debatable topic of research these days which rules out the Primordial Black Hole (PBH) formation within the framework of single-field inflation. In this article, we briefly discuss that the correct implementation of regularization, renormalization, and resummation techniques in a setup described by an ultra-slow-roll phase sandwiched between two slow-roll phases in the presence of smooth or sharp transitions can lead to a stringent constraint on the PBH mass (i.e. ${\cal O}(10^{2}{\rm gm}$)), which we advertise as a new No-go theorem. Finally, we will give some of the possible way-outs using which one can evade this proposed No-go theorem and produce solar/sub-solar mass PBHs.
description: 15 pages (10 pages material + 5 pages references), Essay written and received honorable mention for the Gravity Research Foundation 2024 Awards for Essays on Gravitation, Comments are welcome, Accepted for publication in Int. J. Mod. Phys. D (for the special issue on Gravity Research Foundation 2024 Awards for Essays on Gravitation)
R&D Collaboration Networks in Mixed Oligopoly
Creators: name: Zikos, Vasileios
name: Zikos, Vasileios
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Networks
subject: R&D Collaboration
subject: Mixed Oligopoly

description: We develop a model of endogenous network formation in order to examine the incentives for R&D collaboration in a mixed oligopoly. Our analysis reveals that the complete network, where each firm collaborates with all others, is uniquely stable, industry-profit maximizing and efficient. This result is in contrast with earlier contributions in private oligopoly where under strong market rivalry a conflict between stable and efficient networks is likely to occur. A key finding of the paper is that state-owned enterprises may be used as policy instruments in tackling the potential conflict between individual and collective incentives for R&D collaboration.
A Network Model of Price Dispersion
Creators: name: Pasini, Giacomo
name: Pin, Paolo
name: Weidenholzer, Simon
name: Pasini, Giacomo
name: Pin, Paolo
name: Weidenholzer, Simon
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Bertrand Competition
subject: Bayesian- Nash Equilibrium
subject: Mobility Index

description: We analyze a model of price competition a la Bertrand in a network environment. Firms only have a limited information on the structure of network: they know the number of potential customers they can attract and the degree distribution of customers. This incomplete information framework stimulates the use of Bayesian-Nash equilibrium. We find that, if there are customers only linked to one firm, but not all of them are, then an equilibrium in randomized strategies fails to exist. Instead, we find a symmetric equilibrium in randomized strategies. Finally, we test our results on US gasoline data. We find empirical evidence consistent with firms playing random strategies.
Does the General Public Share Research on Twitter? A Case Study on the Online Conversation about the Search for a Nuclear Repository in Germany
Creators: name: Lemke, Steffen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Slides for a presentation at the ISI 2021 - 16th International Symposium for Information Science (https://isi2021.net/), March 8-10. The corresponding full paper can be found in the conference's proceedings: http://www.vwh-verlag.de/vwh/?p=1318
Quantum Sensing of Intermittent Stochastic Signals
Creators: name: Mouradian, Sara
name: Glikin, Neil
name: Megidish, Eli
name: Ellers, Kai-Isaak
name: Haeffner, Hartmut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Realistic quantum sensors face a trade-off between the number of sensors measured in parallel and the control and readout fidelity ($F$) across the ensemble. We investigate how the number of sensors and fidelity affect sensitivity to continuous and intermittent signals. For continuous signals, we find that increasing the number of sensors by $1/F^2$ for $F<1$ always recovers the sensitivity achieved when $F=1$. However, when the signal is intermittent, more sensors are needed to recover the sensitivity achievable with one perfect quantum sensor. We also demonstrate the importance of near-unity control fidelity and readout at the quantum projection noise limit by estimating the frequency components of a stochastic, intermittent signal with a single trapped ion sensor. Quantum sensing has historically focused on large ensembles of sensors operated far from the standard quantum limit. The results presented in this manuscript show that this is insufficient for quantum sensing of intermittent signals and re-emphasizes the importance of the unique scaling of quantum projection noise near an eigenstate.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Dynamic Models for International Environmental Agreements
Creators: name: Breton, Michele
name: Sbragia, Lucia
name: Zaccour, Georges
name: Breton, Michele
name: Sbragia, Lucia
name: Zaccour, Georges
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: International Environmental Agreements
subject: Non‐Cooperative Dynamic Game
subject: Coalition Stability

description: In this paper we develop a model to analyze, in a dynamic framework, how countries join international environmental agreements (IEAs). In the model, where countries suffer from the same environmental damage as a result of the total global emissions, a non-signatory country decides its emissions by maximizing its own welfare, whereas a signatory country decides its emissions by maximizing the aggregate welfare of all signatory countries. Signatory countries are assumed to be able to punish the non-signatories at a cost. When countries decide on their pollution emissions they account for the evolution of the pollution over time. Moreover, we propose a mechanism to describe how countries reach a stable IEA. The model is able to capture situations with partial cooperation in an IEA stable over time. It also captures situations where all countries participate in a stable agreement, or situations where no stable agreement is feasible. When more than one possibility coexists, the long-term outcome of the game depends on the initial conditions (i.e. the size of the initial group of signatory countries and the pollution level).
Plus-end and minus-end directed motors are associated with specialized Sertoli cell junction plaques (ectoplasmic specializations) : evidence from an in vitro polarity marked microtubule motility assay
Creators: name: Guttman, Julian
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Developing sperm cells (spermatids) translocate within the seminiferous epithelium during spermatogenesis. It has been proposed that this translocation results from the microtubule-based transport of specialized junction plaques that occur in Sertoli cells in regions where these cells are attached to spermatids. These junction plaques each consist of a cistern of endoplasmic reticulum, a layer of actin filaments, and a region of the plasma membrane involved with intercellular adhesion. Molecular motors anchored to the cytoplasmic face of the endoplasmic reticulum are thought to move the junction plaques, and hence the attached spermatids, towards the base and back to the apex of the epithelium, along microtubules. In Sertoli cells, microtubules are arranged parallel to the long axis of the cell and have their minus ends located at the apex of the epithelium. If the spermatid translocation hypothesis is true, then isolated junction plaques should support microtubule movement both in the plus and minus direction when tested in vitro. To verify this prediction, I have developed and have used an in vitro polarity-marked microtubule motility assay. Polarity labeled microtubules were bound to isolated spermatid/junction complexes and then the complexes were added to motility chambers. The complexes then were assessed for their ability to transport microtubules in the presence of a motility buffer containing ATP and testicular cytosol (2 mg/ml). The presence of junction plaques attached to spermatids was established with fluorescently labeled phallotoxin for filamentous actin, and with DIOC6 for endoplasmic reticulum. Of 25 recorded motility events, 17 were in the plus-end direction and 8 were in the minusend direction (on a bed of purified kinesin 35/37 polar microtubules moved in the plusend direction and on a bed of testicular cytosol all 158 polar microtubules moved in the plus-end direction). The results are consistent with the conclusion that the junction plaques have the potential for moving along microtubules in both the plus and minus directions. Also, together with some of my data from immunofluoresence studies, they constitute the first evidence that a kinesin-type motor is associated with the junction plaques at stages when translocation occurs in vivo.