cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Erigeron karvinskianus DC.
Creators: name: Info Flora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Erigeron
Erigeron karvinskianus

description: Erigeron karvinskianus DC.
Karvinskis Berufkraut
Art ISFS: 154600 Checklist: 1017580 Asteraceae Erigeron Erigeron karvinskianus DC.
Bestimmungsschlüssel
Zusammenfassung
Artbeschreibung (nach Lauber & al. 2018): 10-30 cm hoch, meist verzweigt, dicht beblättert, oft rot überlaufen. Blätter eiförmig bis lanzettlich, höchstens 3 cm lang, ganzrandig oder jederseits mit einem spitzen Zahn, sitzend oder kurz gestielt. Köpfe einzeln, Durchmesser ca. 1,5 cm. Zungenblüten ausgebreitet, ca. 5 mm länger als die Hülle, aussen rosa, innen weiss oder rosa. Röhrenblüten gelb. Früchte ca. 1 mm lang, mit weissem, 2-3 mm langem Pappus.
Blütezeit (nach Lauber & al. 2018): 4-12
Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz (nach Lauber & al. 2018): Mauern, Felsspalten / kollin / TI, sonst vereinzelt
Verbreitung global (nach Lauber & al. 2018): Ursprünglich mittelamerikanisch
Ökologische Zeigerwerte (nach Landolt & al. 2010) 1 + w + 42-452.c-h.2n=18,27,32,36
Ökologie
Lebensform Krautiger Chamaephyt, Mehrjähriger Hemikryptophyt
Lebensraum Lebensraumnach Delarze & al. 2015
7.2.1 - Trockenwarme Mauerflur (Centrantho-Parietarion)
fett Dominante Art, welche das Aussehen des Lebensraumes mitprägt Charakterart Weniger strikt an den Lebensraum gebundene Art
Ökologische Zeigerwerte nach Landolt & al. (2010)
BodenfaktorenKlimafaktorenSalztoleranzFeuchtezahl Ftrocken; Feuchtigkeit stark wechselnd (mehr als ± 2 Stufen)Lichtzahl LhellSalzzeichen--Reaktionszahl Rneutral bis basisch (pH 5.5-8.5)Temperaturzahl Tsehr warm-kollin (nur an wärmsten Stellen, Hauptverbreitung in Südeuropa)Nährstoffzahl NnährstoffarmKontinentalitätszahl Ksubozeanisch (hohe Luftfeuchtigkeit, geringe Temperaturschwankungen, eher milde Winter)
Nomenklatur
Gültiger Name (Checklist 2017):Erigeron karvinskianusDC.
Volksname Deutscher Name: Karvinskis Berufkraut Nom français: Vergerette mucronée Nome italiano: Cespica karvinskiana
Übereinstimmung mit anderen Referenzwerken
RelationNomReferenzwerkeNo=Erigeron karvinskianus DC.Checklist 2017154600=Erigeron karvinskianus DC.Flora Helvetica 20012047=Erigeron karvinskianus DC.Flora Helvetica 20122040=Erigeron karvinskianus DC.Flora Helvetica 20182040=Erigeron karvinskianus DC.Index synonymique 1996154600=Erigeron karvinskianus DC.Landolt 19773140=Erigeron karvinskianus DC.Landolt 19912524=Erigeron karvinskianus DC.SISF/ISFS 2154600=Erigeron karvinskianus DC.Welten & Sutter 19821733
= Taxon stimmt mit akzeptiertem Taxon überein (Checklist 2017)  Taxon enthält (neben anderen) auch das akzeptierte Taxon (Checklist 2017)
Status Indigenat: Neophyt: nach der Entdeckung von Amerika in der Region aufgetreten (nach 1500)
Liste der gefährdeten Pflanzen IUCN(nach Walter & Gillett 1997): NeinArt der "Liste der potenziell invasiven gebietsfremden Arten"
description: Published as part of Info Flora, 2021,
World wide wrongs: discrimination and online violence against women in politics
Creators: name: Kuperberg, Rebecca L.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2022

description: The concept of violence against women in politics, VAWIP, grew out of women’s experiences with violence in the public sphere and around the world. This project expands on existing empirical and conceptual understandings of VAWIP by focusing primarily on (i) online violence and (ii) multiple forms of discrimination. I argue that to more effectively understand VAWIP online and against multiply-marginalized women, we need to develop new conceptualizations that center the unique considerations of these spaces and groups. Using a multi-method approach that includes grounded theory from interviews and qualitative analysis of Twitter data, I develop a typology of online VAWIP that includes target, form, and response. I then apply this typology comparatively to understand online VAWIP in Mexico and the United Kingdom. I use supervised machine learning and qualitative, thematic analysis to examine an original dataset of 1.3 million tweets that include the usernames of 77 national-level women politicians. I find that women in the U.K. receive a higher proportion and higher number of abusive posts than Mexican women politicians under analysis during the same period. I also find that online and offline violence are related and are not experienced as separate phenomena by political women. Discourses of online violence are correlated with offline forms of violence, including societal discriminations. Furthermore, online VAWIP is intersectional, in target and in form. Women politicians are more likely to be targeted with violence that affects or is related to an identity they hold. However, this finding is not identical or consistent across Mexico and the United Kingdom. Some, but not all, multi-marginalized women are targeted with greater online violence than their colleagues. Some salient discriminations are pervasive in online VAWIP posts, while others are absent or limited. Despite the complexity of these results, I find that overall, perpetrators of online violence have a broader toolbox of discriminatory rhetoric to draw from when targeting women with multiple, marginalized identities. These tools, though they vary across individuals and between contexts, serve to render women invisible and incompetent in politics and in the online space. By focusing exclusively, or even primarily, on sexism, research is discounting the forms and types of VAWIP experienced by multiply-marginalized women and viewed by multiply-marginalized audiences. In seeking to better understand the forms of violence used to delegitimize women’s access to the public sphere, patterns and shared experiences are illuminative, but so too are differences.
Investigating 3´ Splice Site Recognition by the Pre-Spliceosome
Creators: McDonald, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2022

Eukaryotes feature a split gene structure in which pre-mRNAs are spliced into mature RNAs prior to the translation of proteins. The splicing process is catalyzed by a dynamic multi-subunit molecular machine known as the spliceosome that assembles in a stepwise fashion. An early complex formed in the spliceosome assembly pathway is the pre-spliceosome, otherwise referred to as the A complex.The A complex factors SF3B1, SF3B6 and U2AF play a role in the recognition of important consensus sequences at the 3´ splice sites of pre-mRNA introns. SF3B1 and SF3B6 interact about the branch point and the U2AF heterodimer binds the polypyrimidine tract and 3´ splice site. The molecular mechanism of branch point and splice site selection by these factors remains unclear. SF3B6 has been biochemically suggested to directly bind the branch point adenosine, yet structural characterizations of spliceosomes have placed it in a position peripheral to this adenosine. These observed positional inconsistencies may reflect the dynamic nature of splicing and spliceosome assembly. And although essential in humans, SF3B6 may be deleted from the model organism Schizosaccharomyces pombe to yield a phenotypically distinct strain. To carry out splicing in SF3B6 knockout cells, spliceosomes must be assembling in the absence of SF3B6.This thesis aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism of branch point and 3´ splice site selection by SF3B1, SF3B6 and U2AF in the pre-spliceosome. A series of SF3B1-SF3B6 and U2AF expression constructs were analyzed for the in vitro reconstitution of a ternary complex suitable for structural characterization and pre-mRNA binding analysis. Furthermore, biochemical characterization of the A complex in this thesis has demonstrated the formation of an SF3B6 deficient A complex. Preliminary work has also been conducted towards an affinity purification of the A complex and toward the site-specific derivatization of SF3B6 to chemically map pre-spliceosome RNA and protein contacts.
Wozu Latein am Gymnasium?
Creators: name: Bär, Silvio
Publisher: name: Pegasus-Onlinezeitschrift
Year: 2022

description: In diesem Artikel wird anhand von Beispielen aus der Forschung und deren Rezeption in Presse und Öffentlichkeit sowie anhand von Zeitungsartikeln, Interviews und (punktuell) persönlichen Erfahrungen gezeigt, welcher rhetorischer Strategien sich die Gegner des gymnasialen Lateinunterrichts in der deutschsprachigen Schweiz seit dem Jahr 2000 bedienen. Es können drei Formen der Abschaffungsrhetorik festgestellt werden: Erstens der Verweis auf die vorgebliche Nutzlosigkeit des Lateins unter Rückgriff auf (inzwischen falsifizierte) Studien; zweitens das systematische Lächerlichmachen des Faches Latein und deren Vertreter; und drittens der Verweis auf Klischees über den angeblichen Konservatismus von Lateinlehrern bzw. über die (wissenschaftlich widerlegte) Funktion von Latein als Selektionsfach.
description: Pegasus-Onlinezeitschrift, Bd. 20 (2021): Pegasus-Onlinezeitschrift
Persuasion und moderne Sozialpsychologie in der euripideischen Medea
Creators: name: Humar, Marcel
name: Bernhardt, Jan
Publisher: name: Pegasus-Onlinezeitschrift
Year: 2022

description: Die griechische Tragödie bietet vielfach Szenen elaborierte(ste)r Kommunikation. Der Beitrag unternimmt den Versuch, unter Rückgriff auf unterschiedliche Techniken, die in der Soziologie und Psychologie umschrieben und deren Wirkung empirisch überprüft ist, die Medea des Euripides vor allem mit Blick auf die von Medea eingesetzten Persuasionstechniken zu analysieren. So wird der Text zunächst in Auszügen in seiner stilistischen und inhaltlichen Anlage erfasst. Dabei wird zunächst vorgestellt, welche Techniken sich innerhalb ihres rhetorischen Arsenals finden lassen und dann in einem zweiten Schritt ausgeführt, wie diese Beobachtungen didaktisch im Unterricht nutzbar gemacht werden können. Abschließend finden sich Überlegungen zur Nutzung der Analyse des Textes mit Blick auf die Literaturkompetenz und Fragen der textexternen Interpretation, die vor allem die Doppelbödigkeit der Kommunikationssysteme zwischen Medea und den Figuren im Dialog auf der einen und zwischen Euripides und seinem Publikum auf der anderen Seite fokussiert.
description: Pegasus-Onlinezeitschrift, Bd. 20 (2021): Pegasus-Onlinezeitschrift
Oral Care in Long Term Care Homes - An Institutional Ethnography
Creators: Brodie,Arlynn
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2022

   Purpose: The enigma of poor oral health of residents in long-term care (LTC) homes remains unsolved despite many years of research and intervention. The purpose of this study was to explore why resident oral health in LTC homes remains poor despite many years of research on causes of the problem and interventions to address it. Exploring how institutional processes and social relations influence care providers’ experiences around providing oral care has the potential to inform strategies to address the longstanding issue of poor oral health of residents in LTC.
   Methods: I investigated how oral care happens and why it happens the way it does, using institutional ethnography from the standpoint of the healthcare aide (HCA). The social organization of oral care in the LTC homes was explored through the observation of the HCAs’ day to day practices and their interaction with institutional texts. Data were collected at two LTC homes through 96 hours of naturalistic observation, 21 in-depth interviews, and document review. As part of the data analysis, and based on what I was observing, hearing in interviews, and reading in texts, I created text-work-text (TWT) mappings to illustrate how oral care was socially organized in LTC homes. In addition, I created an additional TWT map for bowel care, as a comparison to oral care.
   Findings: Health care aides were primarily responsible for providing oral care to residents in LTC homes, despite having very little textual guidance as to what, when or how care was to be provided. Texts that were available to inform them in providing oral care were underutilized because the HCAs did not consider the texts helpful. The HCAs used their own discretion, primarily relying on their personal experiences, to inform the oral care they provided for their residents. In contrast, bowel care was an effectively textually mediated process and HCAs relied on several texts to provide them with guidance.
   Implications: Exploring the social organization of work around oral care in LTC homes has illustrated institutional processes that may contribute to poor oral health for residents in LTC homes. Addressing these processes could help existing efforts of those seeking to improve the state of oral health of residents in LTC. Processes may be improved through a multifactorial approach including revision of texts that guide care, better oral health education for care providers, access to dental professionals in LTC settings, and policy changes at national and provincial levels around oral healthcare in LTC.
platonischen Frühdialoge und das Gesprächsverhalten des Sokrates aus kommunikationstheoretischer Sicht – Ideen für den Einsatz kommunikationstheoretischer Modelle im Griechischunterricht
Creators: name: Humar, Marcel
Publisher: name: Pegasus-Onlinezeitschrift
Year: 2022

description: Der Beitrag stellt anhand ausgewählter Partien aus den Dialogen Hippias minor und Ion vor, wie Modelle zur Beschreibung von Kommunikation nutzbar gemacht werden können, um die Texte hinsichtlich des Gesprächsverlaufs zu erfassen. Damit wird in einem ersten Schritt ein Analyseintrumentarium zur Verfügung gestellt, das es den Schülern und Schülerinnen erlauben soll, kriterienorientiert und unter Rückgriff auf feste Begriffe und Konzepte den Verlauf der Dialogpartien zu beschreiben und zu deuten und so einen ersten Zugang zum spezifischen Gespächsverhalten des Sokrates und seiner Wirkung auf die Dialogpartner zu gewinnen. Damit verbunden sind natürlich auch Fragen der Anwendbarkeit solcher Modelle, die ebenfalls thematisiert wird. Ebenfalls in den Blick genommen wird die Absicht hinter der Gesprächsführung des Sokrates mit Blick auf die (potentielle) Entwicklung der Gesprächspartner.
description: Pegasus-Onlinezeitschrift, Bd. 20 (2021): Pegasus-Onlinezeitschrift
title: Towards a Fair Centrifugal Fan Database for Off-Design Validation of CFD Simulations
Creators: name: Probst, Matthias
name: Pritz, Balazs
name: Bauer, Hans-jörg
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2022

description: Turbomachineries such as fans are energy conversion machines which can be found in many daily technical devices. The bandwidth of power consumption ranges from a few watts to megawatts and energy-saving requirements are getting increasingly strict with every year. Therefore, a continuous study of the flow phenomena inside such machines is necessary to identify and to understand the sources of energy losses. To analyze the flow phenomena beyond empirical findings, Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) simulations are nowadays being used to unlock further potentials for design optimizations and energy savings without the need for expensive experiments. While the optimal operation point typically can be described well by such simulations, the off-design conditions of turbomachineries are very challenging to predict due to unsteady effects for instance. A validation test bench for a low-pressure centrifugal fan with a spiral casing has been built and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) is used to measure the flow field in several different positions and various operation points. The acquired data together with the geometry and a structured CFD mesh is provided through an open-source database and is intended to be used by researchers to validate their CFD codes and methods. On the pathway towards the centrifugal fan database, research and meta data management along with an uncomplicated data access organization are two key building blocks. This paper highlights the concept and implementation of the data management using HDF5 as the underlying data file format. Furthermore, the workflow and tools provided for other scientists, that aim to validate their fan CFD simulations, is presented.
Alles wird gut? Zu Solons Musengebet (Fr. 1 G.-P.2 = Fr. 13 W.2)
Creators: name: Holzhausen, Jens
Publisher: name: Pegasus-Onlinezeitschrift
Year: 2022

description: Jens Holzhausen widmet sich in einen Beitrag zu Solons Musengebet (Fr. 1 G.-P.2 = Fr. 13 W.2) einem Werk, um das es trotz zahlreicher ungelöster Probleme interpretatorisch (zu) ruhig geworden zu sein scheint, obwohl der Autor mit Nachdruck aufzeigt, dass ein wissenschaftlicher Konsens keineswegs erreicht sei, etwa in Bezug auf die Einheit des Gedichtes, seine Gattung und textkritische Fragen. Im vorliegenden Artikel wird der höchst bemerkenswerte Versuch unternommen, die bestehenden Probleme einer schlüssigen Lösung zuzuführen.
description: Pegasus-Onlinezeitschrift, Bd. 20 (2021): Pegasus-Onlinezeitschrift
„Die Furcht des Herrn ist der Weisheit Anfang“ (Initium Sapientiae Timor Domini)
Creators: name: Döpp, Siegmar
Publisher: name: Pegasus-Onlinezeitschrift
Year: 2022

description: Sigmar Döpp beleuchtet in seinem Artikel einen im Kontext der alten Sprachen bisher wenig beachteten Bereich der deutschen Bildungsgeschichte: Im Mittelpunkt steht die lateinische Schulinschrift Initium Sapientiae Timor Domini, die an prominenter Stelle über das pädagogische Selbstverständnis des Gymnasium Philippinum in Marburg und des Katharineums in Lübeck Zeugnis ablegen sollte. In seiner Untersuchung geht der Autor der spannenden Frage nach, welche Rollen die Inschriften spielen, "wenn Schülerinnen und Schüler aus größerem zeitlichen Abstand an ihre Schulzeit zurückdenken" und wie sie die Wirkung beurteilen, "welche die Inschrift seinerzeit auf ihr Empfinden und Denken ausübte". Auf diese Weise entsteht ein ungemein lebendiges und facettenreiches Bild über die Rezeption eines zur Formel verdichteten pädagogischen Programms.
description: Pegasus-Onlinezeitschrift, Bd. 20 (2021): Pegasus-Onlinezeitschrift
Growing awareness: using adaptive management to increase resilience and improve public perception of a fourth-nature brownfield ecosystem
Creators: name: Boenning, Brittin Luisa
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2022

description: The interior of Liberty State Park is a heavy-metal contaminated brownfield that contains a novel ecosystem, predominantly composed of grey birch forest. In October 2012, Superstorm Sandy made landfall in the region and brought heavy winds, rain, and saltwater flooding from storm surge. This was the first time that the birch forest was subject to the stress of saltwater flooding. To understand the results of this extreme ecosystem disturbance, the growth rates of birch trees were measured with tree core samples for the years before and after Sandy. The aggregate growth rates before and after Sandy were found to be significantly different, with the post-Sandy growth rates significantly lower. Linear regression indicated an overall decrease in growth rates across all sites over time, including pre-Sandy data. On two sites, the polynomial regression was also significant, and indicated that growth rates may begin increasing. These results are important because they directly conflict with previous hypothesis that the birch forest had entered an alternative steady state of succession. It now appears that the birches are declining and that there may be another successional stage on the horizon.Based on these results, an adaptive management scheme was proposed whereby biodiversity across the entirety of the LSP interior will be increased. Abiotic conditions will be improved through soil amendments and biotic conditions will be amended through seed dispersal. Plant species for seed dispersal were identified and selected based on their contribution to aesthetic value, ecosystem function value, and resilience value. Distributing seeds, rather than specifically planting plants in exact locations, will enable plant species and communities to establish in locations to which they are most suited. Ideally, this will increase biodiversity and therefore increase the resilience of the ecosystem as a whole. the LSP interior is projected to face further stressors and climatic changes in the future and increasing the species pool will help the ecosystem adapt to these changes. Soil amendments will similarly improve conditions to enable plants to self-establish. Additionally, this is not a deterministic strategy, so the ethos of the fourth-nature ecosystem will remain intact. Finally, this management strategy is easily integrated with proposals for public access to the site if they are implemented, but it is also viable if public access remains restricted. Overall, the adaptive management strategy of appropriate seed distribution and soil amendment will improve the ecosystem function of the LSP interior and increase its chance for a functional and resilient future.
On the structure-property correlation and the evolution of Nanofeatures in 12-13.5% Cr oxide dispersion strengthened ferritic steels
Creators: name: He, Pei
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2013

description: Main objective of this Ph.D thesis is to develop, by systematic variation of the chemical composition, and TMP, 14% Cr nano-structured ferritic alloys with significantly improved high-temperature properties compared to currently available ODS alloys. Application of state-of-the-art characterization tools shall lead to an integrated understanding of structure-property correlation and the formation mechanism of nanoparticles.
Study of Physics and Mathematics Principles of Cuff-Based Blood Pressure Measurement Methods
Creators: Alvarado Alvarez, Mariana
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2022

The two most important methods used to measure blood pressure, the cuff-based methods of oscillometry and auscultation, are analyzed in this work. The goal is to understand the principles and shortcomings of each method in order to suggest some improvements that can be immediately implemented in the devices used in their application, or in the development of an improved technique.

The discussion on the oscillometric method is approached by a study on the Maximum Amplitude Ratio Algorithm, believed to be one of the most common options that automated devices use to estimate blood pressure. The study includes analyzing different options of data representation and how this affects the accuracy of the method.

Blood pressure measurement through auscultation is boarded from the perspective of psychoacoustics to understand how the human operator perceives the Korotkoff sounds that define the measurement. A study on the masking of these sounds serves as the foundation for a proposed algorithm to automate the procedure.

Finally, physics-based mathematical models of the phenomena involved in each cuff-based measurement are derived based on models found in the literature. The equations obtained are compared to measured data by means of a non-linear least squares regression analysis, to determine which model most effectively represents the observed phenomena.
Phatic Brand Communication on Social Media
Creators: Koo, Thomas K.B.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2022

This research introduces the concept of phatic brand communication to marketing, and examines its use in the context of social media. The main function of phatic brand communication is for brands to create an atmosphere of sociability with consumers (e.g., “Hey YOU. Have a great day.”) rather than to convey substantive information. First, a typology of phatic language is developed, which integrates and expands the current conceptualization of what “phatic” means in diverse disciplines. This typology organizes phatic language into phatic content (i.e., “what” is being communicated) and phatic style (i.e., “how” it is communicated). Next, a comprehensive framework of phatic brand communication is presented. In this framework, brands produce messages using phatic language, and consumers interpret them and perceive phaticity, which leads to behavioural and psychological marketing outcomes. Various moderating factors are considered, and propositions are forwarded. Next, in an empirical study, a Twitter dataset is used to test the proposed typology and the framework. The dataset of brand Tweets confirms the presence of the typology of phatic language. This study provides support for the framework by showing positive relationships between phatic language and perceived phaticity, and between perceived phaticity and consumer engagement in terms of likes, replies, and retweets. The study also highlights a moderating factor, where the presence of transactional content in the message negatively influences the positive relationship between perceived phaticity and engagement. Next, a series of laboratory experiments demonstrate that (a) excessive phatic language can backfire; (b) the order of phatic and transactional components affects behavioural intentions and attitudes; and (c) a message with only transactional content can have more positive marketing outcomes by including phatic content, regardless of the types of transactional content.
Ring of Flesh: Late Medieval Devotion to the Holy Foreskin
Creators: White, James
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2022

This work examines the late medieval (c. 1200-c. 1500) veneration of the Holy Foreskin, the relic of Jesus’s penis that resulted after his circumcision. I argue that as relics of Jesus’s prepuce proliferated throughout western Europe during the late Middle Ages, they engendered both controversy and innovative forms of devotion. Theologians wondered whether earthly relics of Jesus’s penis—a part of his body—called into doubt the relevancy of the Eucharist, the bread and wine turned into Jesus’s body and blood through transubstantiation. They also worried that relics of the Holy Foreskin imperiled the concept of bodily resurrection: if Christ himself could not be resurrection in bodily perfection, humans had no hope of achieving the same. I also explore as case studies three late medieval holy women who each gave their own interpretation to the Jesus’s foreskin: as an acceptable ersatz Eucharist, as a prefiguration of Jesus’s Crucifixion (and thereby Resurrection), and as a stand-in for the Christchild himself. I close by examining the paradoxical nature of the Holy Foreskin itself, as a relic of the Jewish practice of circumcision that medieval Christians themselves did not perform. Overall, I argue in this thesis that the body was and continues to be a complicated site onto which religious beliefs can be placed. By exploring medieval beliefs about the Holy Foreskin, we learn not just about a particular type of relic, but also about developments in Christianity during the Late Middle Ages.
title: Investigation of a New Shielding Material for Slotted Tubes Regarding Sound Power Measurements of Ducted Fans
Creators: name: Riedel, Jörg
name: Czwielong, Felix
name: Becker, Stefan
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2022

description: Slotted tube probes are used in acoustic measurement technology, for instance, to measure the sound power level of fans and aggregates in duct flows. For this purpose, an approximately 450 mm long metal tube, which is slotted on one side, is screwed onto the actual measuring microphone. The slot can also be covered with a porous medium. The slotted tube acts as a turbulence screen and is supposed to suppress the flow-related hydrodynamic pressure fluctuations on the one hand and to let the acoustic pressure fluctuations, which are due to the fan, pass through to the microphone on the other. Aramid fabrics, sold under the trade Autor Kevlar®, are increasingly used as shielding material in aeroacoustic wind tunnels due to their material properties. In the present work, the question is investigated to what extent Kevlar® is suitable as a porous covering material for slotted tube probes. For this purpose, a standardized slotted tube probe is built, which is then covered with Kevlar®. The performance of the probe is then tested in an axial fan test rig. In addition, the performance of the probe is compared with an uncovered slotted tube probe. The probes are examined on the test rig at different operating points of the fan and turbulent inflow conditions that differ in terms of length scale and turbulence intensity. It is shown that the slotted tube probe covered with the aramide fabric can detect all acoustic characteristics of the axial fan, such as blade passing frequency and higher harmonics, in comparison to the uncovered probe, whereas the uncovered probe is not able to do so, especially at higher flow velocities. When comparing the probe covered with aramide fabric with a probe covered with a metal grid in an aeroacoustic wind tunnel, the turbulent inflow conditions are decisive for which of the two probes achieves a better signal to noise ratio. The results presented should serve to further improve slotted tube probes, which are often optimised in a university context.
title: Reynolds Number Scaling of Axial Flow Fans
Creators: name: Steenkamp, Gerhardus Marthinus
name: Meyer, Chris
name: Spuy, Johan van der
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2022

description: There exists uncertainty about the accuracy with which the fan scaling laws can predict the performance characteristics of a full scale prototype fan from model testing. This uncertainty stems from the large difference in the value for Reynolds number that typically exists between the prototype and model fan. Increasing the turbulence intensity of the inlet flow during testing of the model fan is a suggested method for improving Reynolds number similarity between the two scenarios. The M-fan was designed as a low pressure rise, high volume flow rate fan, for application in a specific Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) plant. It has been shown to exhibit two dimensional flow across its blades far from the end walls. Assuming that the M-fan's solidity is low enough so that the blades can act as isolated aerofoils, allows for a comparison between the effect of increased free stream turbulence intensity on the performance of the M-fan and the lift and drag characteristics of a two dimensional aerofoil. The similarity between increasing the Reynolds number of the flow and increasing the turbulence intensity of the flow is demonstrated on a NASA LS 0413 aerofoil, used in the blading of the M-fan, through two dimensional aerofoil testing in a wind tunnel. Increased free stream turbulence intensity is shown to result in a clear delay in stall whilst increasing the maximum coefficient of lift, with the effect becoming more prominent as the turbulence intensity increases. Results from model testing of the M-fan at its design, and moderately increased, blade setting angles is shown to be independent from any increase in inlet flow turbulence intensity. Thus, the fan test results are shown to be Reynolds number independent. Model testing at a very high blade setting angle showed a steady increase in fan static efficiency with an increase in turbulence intensity. This is similar to increasing the Reynolds number at which the fan operates, thus validating the experiment. These results indicate that, at the scale test of 1.542 m diameter and 720 rpm, the M-fan operates independent of the Reynolds number. The use of the fan scaling laws on results obtained from model testing of the M-fan under these conditions will yield accurate results when scaled to represent the fan characteristics of the full scale prototype fan.
Lexical-semantic processing of action verbs and non-action nouns in Persian speakers: Behavioral evidence from the semantic similarity judgment task
Creators: name: Azimi, Tabassom
name: Ghoreishi, Zahra-sadat
name: Nilipour, Reza
name: Farazi, Morteza
name: Ahmadi, Akram
name: Krishnan, Gopee
name: Asli, Pedram Aliniaye
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The processing of sensory-motor aspect of word's meaning, and its difference between nouns and verbs, is the main topic of neurolinguistic research. The present study aimed to examine the lexical-semantic processing of Persian non-action nouns and action verbs. The possible effects of semantic correlates on noun/verb dissociation were evaluated without morphological confound. A total of 62 neurologically intact Persian speakers responded to a computerized semantic similarity judgment task, including 34 triplets of non-action nouns and 34 triplets of action verbs by pressing a key. Response Time (RT) and percentage error were considered as indirect measures of lexical-semantic encoding efficiency. We also assessed the latency of hand movement execution with no linguistic demand. The results showed that action verbs elicited more errors and had slower RT compared with object nouns. Mixed ANOVA revealed that the observed noun/verb distinction was not affected by demographic factors. These results provided evidence that the lexical-semantic encoding of Persian action verbs, compared to non-action nouns, requires more support from cognitive sources‏ ‏during the processing of the motor‏-‏related semantic feature. The possible accounts for the different processing of action verbs in terms of semantic view are suggested.
Stable isotope development in ground ice along an alpine tundra slope in the Ogilvie Mountains, Yukon Territory
Creators: Buchanan, Casey A.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2022

Stable isotopic ratios of oxygen and hydrogen (δ18O and δD) from ground ice have been used to reconstruct paleoclimate temperatures spanning the Late Pleistocene and Holocene in subarctic and arctic regions. This is possible due to the strong relations between the isotopic composition of atmospheric moisture and air temperature. Pore and texture ice, common forms of ground ice in permafrost regions, have been used to qualitatively infer the timing of centennial- and millennial-scale climate fluctuations spanning the Holocene and late Pleistocene. However, these records can be difficult to interpret because their source waters may become isotopically altered by local hydrological and phase-change (water-ice) processes before undergoing long-term preservation into the underlying permafrost record. The manifestations and relative contributions of these “secondary” isotopic modifications, which occur within the active layer and underlying transition layer, are poorly understood. In this study, we investigate spatially-varying processes that drive isotopic development in pore and texture ice from a catena within the Southern Ogilvie Mountains, Yukon Territory. The objectives of this study are to (1) establish the history of local permafrost formation using geochemical and traditional cryostructure analyses; (2) examine the stable isotopic relations between the active layer, transition layer, and relict pore and texture ice; (3) assess the impacts of local processes on the stable isotope development of pore and texture ice; and (4) build upon existing evidence for 20th century warming captured by stable isotope records in pore and texture ice.
title: Modern Design of Automotive Axial Cooling Fans Using Inverse Methods
Creators: name: Bleiziffer, Mihai
name: Sivaramakrishnan, Anand
name: Schoele, Rainer
name: Zangeneh, Mehrdad
name: Zhang, Jiangnan
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2022

description: Many companies developing automotive axial fans have database of fan geometries that have been developed over a number of years as a result of long period of iterative development based on CFD and experimental tests. The know-how embedded in these optimum geometries is not very transferrable to other applications where different flow rates or pressure rise are required. Also the demand for more efficient and silent devices, especially for future BEVs and FCEVs push the aerodynamicist towards the limits of the classic methodologies. The aim of this paper is to present a methodology in which the important know-how of an optimum existing design is captured by using an inverse design method to reverse engineer the existing blade and hence recover the optimum loading of the fan blade. Then use this optimum loading as a basis for the design optimization of the automotive cooling fan that meets the new challenging requirements. In this paper, we want to show how this approach was implemented as well as the benefits gained on performance, acoustics and time-to-delivery. In order to combine both existing methods a complex aerodynamic design process involving reverse engineering, CFD simulations and experimental validation has been set. Starting from the loading obtained from reverse engineering of an existing design a process was followed in which the spanwise work and streamwise loading were varied systematically by using the inverse design method and the resulting performance evaluated by using a previously validated CFD simulation set up. Parallel, structural and modal analysis simulations were performed to ensure the integrity during operation. Performance measurements have confirmed the CFD simulations results and acoustic measurements showed an excellent behavior.
HUMIC SUBSTANCES AS SOIL AMENDMENTS IN COAL MINE RECLAMATION
Creators: Yihan Zhao
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2022

Coal is mined for energy generation around the world, resulting in extensive disturbances to soil health and vegetation, and producing large amounts of waste. Heavy metals enter the environment through coal industry activities before being transmitted to the food chain. Reclaiming post mining sites covered by sandy soils with low nutrient and high heavy metal concentrations for agricultural uses is very challenging. Using coal waste derived humic substances as soil amendments may enhance soil reclamation outcomes due to their great potential as a soil conditioner, plant growth biostimulator, and heavy metal adsorbent.

This research was undertaken in three greenhouse and laboratory experiments at the University of Alberta that ran for three months each, and two field experiments on a former underground coal mine (Shendong mining area) in China that ran for two years. The overall objective was to assess potential of a coal waste derived humic substance product called nano humus as a soil amendment for mined sandy soils in combination with other materials.

Direct application of nano humus at the beginning of each growing season at 150 g/m2 was a suitable reclamation strategy. The beneficial effect of nano humus was expressed in year two in the field. As a soil conditioner, nano humus positively changed most soil variables, particularly soil cation exchange capacity (38 %), total organic carbon (49 %), and available nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (29 to 64 %). As a plant growth biostimulator, nano humus significantly enhanced the total biomass of alfalfa (Medicago ruthenica L.) by 749 %, barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) by 250 %, and sea buckthorn (Fructus Hippophae L.) by 147 %. As a heavy metal adsorbent, nano humus removed 89 % of cadmium from contaminated water after 15 minutes and 93 % after 24 hours at a high metal concentration of 100 mg/L; it reduced 25 % of thallium, 18 % of cadmium, and 3 % of arsenic from contaminated soils after two years. Beneficial effects were more pronounced with combined fertilizer and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi than with sole applications of each.

Our findings confirmed the great application potential of a lignite derived humic substance as a plant growth stimulator, soil conditioner, and heavy metal adsorbent in coal mine reclamation and remediation. The pronounced performance of combined applications with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and fertilizer provided insights for future reclamation strategies. Our research has global implications as it can be applied in other sandy soil regions facing similar reclamation challenges in the world where industrial released heavy metals pose a great risk to the environment and public health substantially.
Does bilingualism influence neuropsychological test performance in older adults? A systematic review
Creators: name: Celik, Simge
name: Kokje, Eesha
name: Meyer, Patric
name: Frölich, Lutz
name: Teichmann, Birgit
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Using standardized tests which have been normed on monolinguals for the assessment of bilinguals presents challenges to the accurate characterization of cognitive profile as the literature provides compelling evidence for the influence of bilingualism on cognitive abilities. However, little is known about the generalizability of these findings to clinical neuropsychology. The aim of this review was to address this gap by summarizing current evidence on the performance of bilingual older adults on standardized tests routinely used in clinical practice. A systematic search of Web of Science, PsycINFO and PubMed was conducted. 27 cross-sectional and longitudinal studies which use at least one standardized neuropsychological test for cognitive impairment were included in the review. Potential demographic (cultural/linguistic background of the participants, immigrant status), clinical (diagnostic status), and methodological confounders (language of test administration, components of bilingualism) were also examined. The review protocol was registered at the PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Review with registration number CRD42018114658. The results of this review revealed some bilingual advantage on measures of inhibitory control and bilingual disadvantage on measures of verbal fluency in cross-sectional studies. Bilingualism status was not associated with test performance in longitudinal studies. However, findings lack consistency due to demographic variables and methodological differences across studies. Neuropsychological tests assessing language domains and, to some extent executive function act as clinically relevant features of bilingualism for neuropsychological evaluation. However, immigration status, acculturation level and language of test administration needs to be taken into account when assessing bilingual older adults.
Association of self-reported executive function and mood with executive function task performance across adult populations
Creators: name: Dube, Sarahjane L.
name: Sigmon, Stacey
name: Althoff, Robert R.
name: Dittus, Kim
name: Gaalema, Diann E.
name: Ogden, Doris E.
name: Phillips, Julie
name: Ades, Philip
name: Potter, Alexandra S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Executive function (EF) impacts behavior associated with health outcomes. EF can be measured using self-report and/or performance measures, but the correlations between these types of measures are mixed in the extant literature. This study examined self-report and performance-based measures of EF using data from 6 studies, including community and clinical populations (410 participants, ages 19–80, 71% female). Partial correlations revealed significant relationships between performance on the Trail making, Delay Discounting, and Stop Signal tasks with self-reported EF (p < .006 after controlling for age). Mood scores were significantly related to all self-reported domains of EF (p < .0001), and mood and EF scores were correlated over time. When also controlling for mood, correlations between delay discounting and stop signal tasks with self-reported EF remained significant (p < .006). Finally, examining EF scores in participants with and without clinically elevated mood scores showed a wider distribution of self-reported EF scores among those with clinically elevated mood symptoms than among those without. We conclude that self-reported EF is associated with tasks measuring delay discounting and response inhibition in our large, heterogenous population and that assessing EF may be particularly important for those with high levels of mood symptoms.
title: Development of Pressure Regain Units to Increase Efficiency of Free-Running Radial Fans
Creators: name: Ostmann, Philipp
name: Petrou, Dimitrios
name: Kremer, Martin
name: Müller, Dirk
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2022

description: To meet the rising comfort requirements of non-residential buildings like office buildings a mechanical ventilation in the form of e.g. air handling units (AHU) is needed. As of today, fans in AHUs are usually mounted in a free-running configuration, meaning that almost all kinetic energy present at the exit of the fan impeller is treated as a loss. This is due to the fact, that only the total-static pressure rise is taken into account to rate the fan performance. Depending on the operating point the ratio of dynamic and static pressure rise at impeller outlet can be unfavourable, leading to suboptimal efficiency of the whole system. This leads to higher electrical consumption than needed and therefore higher CO2 emissions. The present work investigates the behaviour of a generic radial fan in a free-running configuration by conducting 3D numerical flow simulations. In a first configuration, the radial fan blows into an open air duct channel. The kinetic losses as well as the static and total pressures at the impeller outlet are then evaluated over the operating range of the fan. In total three lines of constant fan speeds with eight operating points per speed line are investigated. By defining areas of occurring backflow downstream the fan, the areas of disadvantageous flow are identified. To enhance the conversion of dynamic into static pressure and therefore increase the total-static efficiency an additional so-called pressure regain unit-body (PRU) is implemented in the flow downstream of the fan. The design is kept as simple as possible to enable an easier implementation in a real application. Starting from an initial design of the PRU the design is further improved to reveal possible limits of the efficiency increase by such unit. By designing the PRU in a specific way, it might be possible to shift the peak efficiency of the system towards lower or higher volume flows and thus better tune the system to the requirements.