Galathea gladiola Macpherson & Robainas-Barcia, 2015, n. sp.
Creators: name: Macpherson, Enrique
name: Robainas-Barcia, Aymee
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Galatheidae
Galathea
Galathea gladiola

description: Galathea gladiola n. sp.   
(Figs 42, 116 I)  
 Galathea cf. genkai.— Poore et al., 2011: 332, pl. 10H (color photo).   
 Material examined. Holotype: Vanuatu. SANTO, Stn DB20, 15°30.5'S, 167°01.4'E, 22–25 m, 15 September 2006: F 4.5 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-8436).   
 Paratypes: Vanuatu. SANTO, Stn FB43, 15°28.4'S, 167°14.9'E, 19 m, 30 September 2006: 1 F 1.8 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-8428).—Stn ZB6, 15°36.8'S, 167°01.3'E, 30 m, 28 September 2006: 1 F 6.0 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013-8429).   
New Caledonia. Chesterfield Islands. CHALCAL 84, Stn D1, 21°15.04'S, 162°15.41'E, 48 m, 13 July 1984: 1 F 2.8 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-8427).  
 Etymology. From the Latin, gladiolus, dim, in reference to the shape of the rostrum.   
 Description. Carapace: as long as broad; ridges with a few short setae, and some long simple setae; cervical groove distinct, laterally bifurcated. No complete, uninterrupted or scale-like ridges on anterior half of carapace. Epigastric spines absent; 2 or 3 small hepatic spines on each side. Anterior branchial region with distinct ridges. Mid-transverse ridge interrupted, preceded by shallow cervical groove, followed by 5 interrupted or scale-like transverse ridges, and 1 uninterrupted ridge anterior to posterior margin; shallow transverse groove before second ridge; 1 postcervical spine on each side. Lateral margins convex medially, with 8 spines: 3 spines in front of and 5 spines behind anterior cervical groove; first anterolateral, well-developed, at same level of lateral limit of orbit, second and third, small, at midlength between anterolateral spine and anterior cervical groove, with 2 spines ventral to between first and second; 2 spines on anterior branchial region, last small, several additional spines ventral to marginal spines, and 3 spines on posterior branchial margin, last small. Small spine on lateral limit of orbit; infraorbital margin with 2 spines. Rostrum 2.7 times longer than broad, length 0.9 postorbital carapace length and breadth 0.3 that of carapace; distance between distalmost lateral incisions 0.25 distance between proximalmost lateral incisions; dorsal surface nearly horizontal in lateral view, with median longitudinal groove and numerous unirramous setae; lateral margins straight, with 4 deeply incised sharp teeth; ventral surface with longitudinal carina.   
Pterygostomian flap rugose, with 1 spine on anterior portion, ridges with short setae, anterior margin acute.  
 Sternum: 0.8 times longer than broad, lateral extremities divergent posteriorly.   
 Abdomen: Somites 2–4 each with 3 or 4 uninterrupted or interrupted transverse ridges on tergite; somites 5 and 6 each with 2 medially interrupted or uninterrupted ridges; posteromedian margin of somite 6 straight. Males with G1 and G2.   
 Eyes: Ocular peduncles 1.3 times longer than broad, maximum corneal diameter 0.6 rostrum width.   
 Antennule: Article 1 with 3 well-developed distal spines, distodorsal larger, distoventral spine slightly smaller than distomesial. Ultimate article with a few short fine setae, not in tuft, on distodorsal margin.   
 Antenna: Article 1 with strong distomesial spine not exceeding distal margin of article 2. Article 2 with 2 welldeveloped distal spines, distolateral spine larger than distomesial spine and nearly reaching end of article 3. Article 3 with small distomesial spine. Article 4 unarmed.   
 Mxp3: Ischium with flexor and extensor margins ending in strong spine; crista dentata with 11 strong denticles. Merus as long as ischium, with 2 strong flexor spines and 2 strong extensor spines. Carpus unarmed.   
 P1: 2.9 times carapace length, with numerous setiferous scales, and a few scattered long setae. Merus 1.1 times carapace length, 2.6 times as long as carpus, with some spines, dorsomesial and distal spines stronger than others. Carpus 0.5 times length of palm, 1.4 times as long as broad; dorsal surface with some spines; mesial margin with 3 spines, median clearly largest than others. Palm 2.3 times longer than broad, lateral and mesial margins slightly convex; spines arranged roughly in dorsolateral and dorsomesial rows, and some small spines on dorsal side. Fingers 0.7 times palm length, each finger with one row of teeth, distally not spooned; fixed finger with lateral row of spines, movable finger with mesial row of spines.   
 P2–4: moderately long and slender, with some setose striae and sparse long plumose setae. Meri successively shorter posteriorly (P3 merus 0.9 length of P2 merus, P4 merus 0.8 length of P3 merus). P2 2.4 times carapace length. P2 merus 0.9 carapace length, 6.5 times as long as broad, 1.3 times longer than P2 propodus; P3 merus 5.3 times longer than broad, 1.1 times longer than P3 propodus. Extensor margin of P2–3 meri with row of 7 proximally diminishing spines, 5 spines on P4; flexor margins with 5 proximally diminishing spines on P2–3 and 4 on P4; lateral sides unarmed on P2–3, with 1.2 small spines on P4. Carpi with 4 or 5 spines on extensor margin on P2–4; lateral surface with 1 or 2 spines sub-paralleling extensor margin on P2–4; flexor distal margin ending in small spine. P2–4 propodi equally broad on P2–4, 6.1 (P2), 7.1 (P3), and 6.3 (P4) times as long as broad; extensor margin 3-4 proximal spines; flexor margin with 7 or 8 slender movable spines. Dactyli distally ending in wellcurved strong spine, length 0.5–0.6 that of propodi; flexor margin with 7 or 8 proximally diminishing teeth, terminal one prominent.   
Epipods on P1–3.  
 Coloration. Base color translucent white. Rostrum whitish with median longitudinal dark brown stripe continued on to abdominal somite 6. Carapace with longitudinal rows of dark brown flecks along each lateral margin, continued on to abdominal somite 6. P1 whitish, with longitudinal dark brown stripe nearly reaching end of palm. P2–4 whitish, with a few brown spots.   
 Remarks. This new species is closely related to G. genkai from Japan to Australia, Red Sea and Madagascar, and to G. m a c h a e r a n. sp. from Solomon, Wallis and Futuna Islands (see Remarks of G. machaera).   
 No genetic data for G. gladiola are available.   
 Distribution. Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Chesterfield Islands; 22– 48 m.
description: Published as part of Macpherson, Enrique & Robainas-Barcia, Aymee, 2015, Species of the genus Galathea Fabricius, 1793 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Galatheidae) from the Indian and Pacific Oceans, with descriptions of 92 new species, pp. 1-335 in Zootaxa 3913 (1) on pages 126-128, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3913.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/239230