Daidalotarsonemus tessellatus De Leon 1956
Creators: name: Rezende, José Marcos
name: Bauchan, Gary
name: Lin, Jian-Zhen
name: Ochoa, Ronald
name: Lofego, Antonio Carlos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Prostigmata
Tarsonemidae
Daidalotarsonemus
Daidalotarsonemus tessellatus

description: Daidalotarsonemus tessellatus De Leon, 1956   
(Figs. 118–124)  
 Daidalotarsonemus tessellatus De Leon, 1956: 163; Smiley, 1972: 91; Lindquist, 1986: 316; Lin & Zhang, 2002: 64.   
 Senior synonym of Daidalotarsonemus venustus, Attiah, 1970: 191; Smiley, 1972: 94; Lindquist, 1986: 320; Lin & Zhang, 2002: 65.   
 Diagnosis. Adults: Gnathosoma: Palpal length about 1/3 length of gnathosoma. Female: Dorsum: Prodorsum with coarse ornamentation and reticulation posteriorly. Tergite C with four transverse rows of well-defined cells grouped between setae c1. Tergite D with reticulate ornamentation. Setae v1, sc2, c1, c2 and h unmodified in shape. Setae v1 shorter than sc2 (~ 23 and ~32, respectively). Setae c1 slightly longer than c2 (~ 22 and ~20, respectively). Setae c1 inserted near midlength of tergite C. Setae d, e and f leaf-shaped. Setae d and f similar in shape (ensiform), length (~ 33) and width (~ 6). Setae e elliptical in shape, length (~ 17) and width (~ 10). Setae f ~13 distant from each other, on rounded tubercles. Venter: Tegula truncate, slightly arched posteriorly.All apodemes distinct. Apodemes 2 not fused to prosternal apodeme. Poststernal apodeme bifurcated anteriorly. Legs: sensory cluster of tibiotarsus I complete. Seta tc” of tarsus II smooth. Male: Dorsum: Setae v1 longer than sc2 (~ 25 and ~ 18, respectively), both longer than v2 (~ 15). Setae c1 slightly longer than c2 (~ 29 and ~ 26, respectively) both shorter than d (~ 35). Setae f about as long as d (~ 34). Venter: Apodemes 5 distinct at posterior end of poststernal apodeme. Legs: Sensory cluster of tibiotarsus I incomplete (maybe due to poor slide condition). Solenidion ω of tarsus II length 4. On femorogenu IV, seta v’ G around four times longer than v’ F (~ 31 and ~ 8, respectively). On tibia IV, seta v’ Ti around three times longer tibia IV itself (~ 22 and ~ 86, respectively). Larva: unknown.   
 Redescription:   
 Female:   
 Gnathosoma: ovate in ventral view, length 36, maximum width 24. Setae dgs 19 and vgs 9 smooth; palps length 20, with two small subterminal setae and terminal projections. Pharynx length 15, maximum width 7.   
 Idiosoma—dorsum: length 215, width at level of c1 125. Prodorsal shield with coarse ornamentation and reticulation on central and posterior areas. Tergite C and D reticulate medially. Lengths of setae: v1 23, sc2 32, c1 22, c2 20, d 33, e 17, f 34 and h 15. Maximum widths of expanded setae: d 6, e 10 and f 6. Setae v1, sc2, c1 and c2 unmodified; d and f ensiform; e elliptical with two veins. All inserted on tubercles, except for h. Distances between dorsal setae: v1–v1 36, sc2–sc 2 60, v1–sc2 27, c1–c1 52, c2–c2 114, c1–c2 38, d–d 37, f–f 13, e–f 16 and h–h 20.   
 Idiosoma—venter: setae 1a 7; 2a 12; 3a 6 near anteromedial margins of apodemes 3; 3b 7 on posterior ends of apodemes 4. Apodeme 1 conspicuous from anterior end of prosternal apodeme, interrupted at level of apodemes 2. Apodeme 2 short and not fused to prosternal apodeme. Prosternal apodeme conspicuous from junction with apodeme 1 to sejugal apodeme. Sejugal apodeme uninterrupted.Apodeme 3 extending diagonally from proximity of base of seta 3a to anterior margin of trochanter III; apodeme 4 extending diagonally from midlength of poststernal apodeme to base of seta 3b. Poststernal apodeme bifurcated anteriorly. Tegula 14 wide and 4 long; posterior margin slightly arched. Setae ps 17 smooth.   
 Legs: Lengths: leg I 55, leg II 46, leg III 93. Number of setae: leg I: 3-4-5(2)+7(1), leg II: 3-3-4-4(1), leg III: 1+3-4-4. Tarsal solenidion ω of tibiotarsus I 5. Sensory cluster of tibiotarsus I complete, solenidion φ1 3, slender, capitate; solenidion φ2 4, robust, slightly capitate; famulus k 6; all inserted at approximately same level. Seta d of tibiotarsus I 37 serrate. Solenidion ω of tarsus II length 5. Seta d of tibia II 26 serrate. Femorogenu IV 23; tibiotarsus IV 12. Length of leg IV setae: v’ F 7, v’ G 17, v’ Ti 25 and tc” 40; all setae smooth, except for v’ G and v’ Ti; v’ Ti tapered.   
 Male:   
 Gnathosoma: length 32, maximum width 27. Setae dgs 14 and vgs 8, both smooth; Palps length 14, with two small subterminal setae and terminal projections. Pharynx length 14, maximum width 8.   
 Idiosoma—dorsum: length 160, width at level of c1 95. Length of dorsal setae: v1 25, v2 15, sc1 45, sc2 18, c1 29, c2 26, d 35, f 34. All setae slender and serrate, except for c2 smooth. Distances between dorsal setae: v1–v1 14, sc1–sc1 31, sc2–sc2 45, v1–sc2 27, c1–c1 84, c2–c2 91, c1–c2 50, d–d 47, f–f 16. Seta sc2 laterad and slightly posterior to sc1.   
 Idiosoma—venter: setae 1a 6; 2a 7; 3a 12 near anterior end of apodemes 3; 3b 13. Apodeme 1 fused to anterior end of prosternal apodeme. Apodeme 2 not fused to prosternal apodeme. Prosternal conspicuous from junction with apodeme 1 to level of apodemes 2, and inconspicuous from that point to sejugal apodeme. Connecting lines between apodemes 3, 4 and poststernal apodeme diffuse.   
 Legs: Lengths: leg I 66, leg II 69, leg III 82, leg IV 104. Number of setae: leg I: 3-4-5(?)-6(1), leg II: 3-3-3- 4(1), leg III: 1-3-4-2. Solenidion ω of tarsus I 4. Solenidion φ1 4, φ2 not visible, and famulus k 4, both inserted at approximately same level. Seta d of tibia I 18 serrate. Solenidion ω of tarsus II length 4. Seta d of tibia II 20 serrate. Trochanter IV slightly wider than long, seta v’ 18, serrate. Femorogenu IV length 46 and width 28 at v’ F level, anterior margin convex, posterior margin slightly convex at proximal third. Seta v’ F 8 smooth. Setae v’ G 31 and l” G 13 serrate. Tibia IV 22 long; solenidion φ 8; seta v’ Ti 86, serrate. Tarsus IV short, bearing 3 smooth setae of following length: tc” 7, pv” 6 and u’ 5.   
 Remarks: after careful examination of types and voucher specimens, we concluded D. venustus is a junior synonym of D. tessellatus. Diagnosis provided by Attiah (1970) mentions arrangement of dorsal posterior setae d, e and f as only character to differentiate these species. It is known that slide mounting usually distorts tarsonemids, changing real position of tergites and their respective setae (Ochoa et al. 1997; Rezende et al. 2018). Therefore, it cannot be used alone as a diagnostic character to define a species. Also, as stated in Rezende et al. (2015c), previous records of D. tessellatus from Brazil (Feres et al. 2005; Lofego et al. 2005; Buosi et al. 2006; Demite et al. 2009; Sousa et al. 2015) should be referred to as D. savanicus.   
 Type material deposition: holotype ♀ deposited at USNM; five paratypes ♀ and two paratypes ♂ at FSCA. Holotype ♀ of D. venustus deposited at USNM.   
 Locality: Previous Records: U.S. Plant Introduction Garden, South Miami, State of Florida, USA; (De Leon 1956 — type series locality); Hachioji, Tokyo Province, Japan (Ito 1963); Melbourne, State of Florida, USA (Attiah 1970).
description: Published as part of Rezende, José Marcos, Bauchan, Gary, Lin, Jian-Zhen, Ochoa, Ronald & Lofego, Antonio Carlos, 2024, Review of the genus Daidalotarsonemus De Leon (Acari: Prostigmata: Tarsonemidae), pp. 1-170 in Zootaxa 5426 (1) on pages 137-145, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5426.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10840715