cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Adversarial Robustness in Deep Learning: Attacks on Fragile Neurons
Creators: name: Pravin, Chandresh
name: Martino, Ivan
name: Nicosia, Giuseppe
name: Ojha, Varun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We identify fragile and robust neurons of deep learning architectures using nodal dropouts of the first convolutional layer. Using an adversarial targeting algorithm, we correlate these neurons with the distribution of adversarial attacks on the network. Adversarial robustness of neural networks has gained significant attention in recent times and highlights intrinsic weaknesses of deep learning networks against carefully constructed distortion applied to input images. In this paper, we evaluate the robustness of state-of-the-art image classification models trained on the MNIST and CIFAR10 datasets against the fast gradient sign method attack, a simple yet effective method of deceiving neural networks. Our method identifies the specific neurons of a network that are most affected by the adversarial attack being applied. We, therefore, propose to make fragile neurons more robust against these attacks by compressing features within robust neurons and amplifying the fragile neurons proportionally.
IMPACT OF LAND-USE/LAND-COVER CHANGE ON STREAM FLOW AND  SEDIMENT YIELDS: A CASE STUDY OF GOJEB WATERSHED, OMO GIBE  BASIN, ETHIOPIA
Creators: name: MISGANAW CHOTO CHORAMO
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2017

description: Land use land cover change is an important landscape process capable of altering the fluxes of water,
sediment, contaminants and energy. SWAT model was used  to assess the impact of the Land use
land cover changes on the stream flow and sediment yield of the Gojeb watershed, which is located
in the Omo gibe basin. The land use land cover change analyses were performed using erdas imagine
2014 which was used for further analysis of SWAT. Land use land cover changes for three different
years of 1989, 2000 and 2013 land use was used in different time series  for estimation of stream
flow and sediment yield. During the study period most parts of the Forest land were changed to
cultivated land. An increase of cultivated land by  14.97% over 30 years period (1985  –  2015)
resulted an increase of stream flow and sediment yield by 8.6 m3
/s and 41.07ton/km2
 respectively.
The Nash sutcliff efficiency(NSE), coefficient of determination (R2) and precent of bias(PBIAS)
were used for evaluating the model performance. The model results has showed a good agreement
with the observed data with NSE > 0.75, R2 > 0.78, and PBIAS < 0.5 values. Spatial variability of
sediment done using the validated sediment yield results of 2013 land use showed high potential
source areas were found at middle and downstream. Hence, for the critical sub- watersheds the
design and development of best management practices were performed. Three BMPs (best sediment
management scenarios) S1 (filter strip), S2 (terrace/ bund) and S3 (reforestation) were considered in
this study. The results has showed a decrease of sedimentation by 22.9%, 29.4% and 32.3% sediment
yield reductions implementing S1, S2 and S3 respectively. Therefore practicing BMP  for Gojeb
watershed should be developed and encouraged for efficient sediment reductions.
SEEPAGE AND LEAKAGE LOSSES FROM EARTHEN CANAL AT METEHARA  SUGAR ESTATE CORPORATION, EAST OROMIA, ETHIOPIA
Creators: name: MESFIN MARKOS MASSEBO
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2018

description: Irrigated  agriculture  makes  major  contribution  to  food  security,  providing  nearly  40%  of
agricultural  food production  from  the 17% of agricultural  land of  the world. The  estimated
water seepage loss varied from 20% to 40%. This study was conducted to determine water losses
for earthen canals at Metehara Sugar Estate  Corporation. Water loss  due to  seepage and
leakage  in  the canals was measured using observation wells and  inflow-outflow method. The
physical and chemical properties of soil near  the canals were analyzed.The canal bed slopes
were surveyed using Sokia B-20  leveling  instrument. The bed slopes of canals were 0.076%,
0.088%, 0.091% for main, secondary, and tertiary canals respectively. This study was presents
preliminary findings on seepage loss estimated by observation wells and and leakage loss using
inflow-outflow method governed by Indian Council of Agricultural Research and United State
Bureau  of  Reclamation.  The  average  seepage  loss measured  using  observation  wells  were
1.77x10-7
  to 1.27x10-6
 m3
/sec/m2
, 4.31x10-7
  to 1.19x10-6
 m3
/sec/m2
and 3.53x10-9
  to 4.24x10-7

m3
/sec/m2
 at main, secondary, and tertiary canals, respectively. The leakage losses measured
by inflow-outflow method values varied  from 0.06 to 0.16 m3
/sec, 0.047  to 0.091 m3
/sec and
0.024 to 0.036 m3
/sec for main, secondary and tertiary canals, respectively. The seepage loss
measured by observation well  from earthen  canals  closely related the  Bureau of Indian
Standards  (1980)  of  unlined  canal  varies  from  0.3  to  7.0 m3
/s  per  106
m2
  of wetted  surface.
Generally, the values of the losses were due to canal condition and water management systems.
It  is,  therefore,  recommended  that  the canals must be  lined and canal  structures need  to be
rehabilitated.
An Optimal House Price Prediction Algorithm: XGBoost
Creators: name: Sharma, Hemlata
name: Harsora, Hitesh
name: Ogunleye, Bayode
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.3.3

description: An accurate prediction of house prices is a fundamental requirement for various sectors including real estate and mortgage lending. It is widely recognized that a property value is not solely determined by its physical attributes but is significantly influenced by its surrounding neighbourhood. Meeting the diverse housing needs of individuals while balancing budget constraints is a primary concern for real estate developers. To this end, we addressed the house price prediction problem as a regression task and thus employed various machine learning techniques capable of expressing the significance of independent variables. We made use of the housing dataset of Ames City in Iowa, USA to compare support vector regressor, random forest regressor, XGBoost, multilayer perceptron and multiple linear regression algorithms for house price prediction. Afterwards, we identified the key factors that influence housing costs. Our results show that XGBoost is the best performing model for house price prediction.
description: 16 pages, Journal of Analytics
Probing Language Teachers’ Stroking and Credibility in Relation to Their Success in Class
Creators: name: Pishghadam, Reza
name: Karami, Maliheh
Publisher: name: Alberta Journal of Educational Research
Year: 2018

description: Given the significance of teacher success in the adequacy of teaching and learning, the present study aims to examine the role of two factors, namely teacher stroking (teacher attention) and teacher credibility in relation to teacher success. To do so, a total of 301 English as a foreign language (EFL) learners completed three survey instruments: the Student Stroke Scale, the Source Credibility Scale, and the Characteristics of Successful Teachers Questionnaire. Using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), first the construct validity of the Source Credibility Scale was substantiated, and then the associations among all three scales were examined. The results of CFA and correlation analyses revealed that teacher effectiveness correlated significantly and positively with both the components of stroke and that of teacher credibility. We conclude with a discussion of the results and implications for teaching and learning. Compte tenu de la signification de la réussite des enseignants dans l’efficacité de l’enseignement et de l’apprentissage, la présente étude a comme objectif d’examiner le rôle que jouent deux facteurs, l’encadrement personnalisé par l’enseignant et la crédibilité des enseignants. Nos données proviennent de trois outils de sondage (échelle d’encadrement personnalisé; échelle de crédibilité de la source; questionnaire sur les caractéristiques des enseignants efficaces) auprès de 301 étudiants d’anglais langue étrangère (ALE). Une analyse factorielle confirmatoire a établi la validité conceptuelle et les liens entre les trois échelles ont ensuite été étudiés. Les résultats de l’analyse factorielle confirmatoire et des analyses de corrélation ont révélé une corrélation significative et positive entre l’efficacité des enseignants d’une part et l’encadrement personnalisé et la crédibilité d’autre part. Nous concluons par une discussion des résultats et la présentation de leur impact sur l’enseignement et l’apprentissage.
description: Alberta Journal of Educational Research, Vol. 63 No. 4 (2017): Winter 2017
EVALUATION OF SPATIO-TEMPORAL PATTERN OF ACTUAL EVAPOTRANSPIRATION USING SEBAL MODEL OVER KILTI  WATERSHED, ETHIOPIA
Creators: name: LEMMA LEGDE GOBLE
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2018

description: Evapotranspiration is one of the key variables in the hydrological cycle. The objective in this
study is  to evaluate the spatial-temporal pattern of actual evapotranspiration in the Kilti
watershed using SEBAL for different land uses and land covers. Landsat 8 satellite image was
used for land use classification and to extract inputs to the Surface Energy Balance Algorithm
for Land (SEBAL) model. About 1235 ground control points were collected in Kilti catchment
during field visit. The image classification was done for the recent year (2017) with the
maximum likelihood method for 9 land cover classes (such as rain-fed crops, irrigated crops,
water and marshy, built-up, forests, plantations, grassland, shrubs, and bare lands). Cropping
calendar and NDVI provides key information for refining irrigated land cover. Accuracy of the
classification was determined by means of the confusion matrix (sometimes called error
matrix). An overall classification accuracy of 94%, with  a producer's accuracy of 92% and
user's accuracy of 96%, Kappa statistics of 89 %, which are within  the acceptable range as
suggested by previous studies. SEBAL was used to estimate the actual evapotranspiration of
Kilti for the period from January to December, 2017. Cloud free images were used, however,
data gaps in certain images, which were affected by the cloud, was filled using advanced linear
interpolation technique, using neighboring pixels from next available and previous image.
Daily, monthly, and annual AET was estimated for this study area by SEBAL algorithm using
satellite data from Landsat 8. The estimated evapotranspiration has comparable magnitude and
temporal pattern as of the potential evapotranspiration in the study area  in previous studies.
These estimates are also within reported ranges in literature for other catchments. The highest
and minimum  AET  value was estimated in September and April as 7.5 and 4.2 mm/d
respectively. The temporal pattern the AET is similar to that of the PET while the magnitude
of the former is relatively smaller as expected. The plantations, dominated by Eucalyptus tree
abstract the largest amount of water in the study area compared to other land cover classes.
Similar studies should be undertaken in other catchments in Ethiopia to  better our
understanding of catchment water abstractions.
Mutual Fund Securitization Model
Creators: name: Lee, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Mutual Fund Securitization Model

description: The purpose of the model is to determine, from a projected stream of future cashflows, whether all Commercial Paper used to fund the commissions to brokers for the sale of mutual funds will be repaid within a period. Here a broker charges the Partnership a commission on the net asset value of the mutual funds sold. The buyer of the mutual funds, however, pays nothing up front; instead, a deferred sales charge, which depends on when the mutual funds are redeemed, is assessed.
description: https://osf.io/6gqnr/wiki/home/
Large-scale Velocities and Primordial Non-Gaussianity
Creators: name: Schmidt, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the peculiar velocities of density peaks in the presence of primordial non-Gaussianity. Rare, high density peaks in the initial density field can be identified with tracers such as galaxies and clusters in the evolved matter distribution. The distribution of relative velocities of peaks is derived in the large-scale limit using two different approaches based on a local biasing scheme. Both approaches agree, and show that halos still stream with the dark matter locally as well as statistically, i.e. they do not acquire a velocity bias. Nonetheless, even a moderate degree of (not necessarily local) non-Gaussianity induces a significant skewness (~ 0.1-0.2) in the relative velocity distribution, making it a potentially interesting probe of non-Gaussianity on intermediate to large scales. We also study two-point correlations in redshift-space. The well-known Kaiser formula is still a good approximation on large scales, if the Gaussian halo bias is replaced with its (scale-dependent) non-Gaussian generalization. However, there are additional terms not encompassed by this simple formula which become relevant on smaller scales (k >~ 0.01 h/Mpc). Depending on the allowed level of non-Gaussianity, these could be of relevance for future large spectroscopic surveys.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures; submitted to Phys. Rev. D; v2: minor clarifications in III A, App A
Principal Self-Efficacy, School Climate, and Teacher Retention: A Multi-Level Analysis
Creators: name: Dahlkamp, Sundie
name: Peters, Michelle
name: Schumacher, Gary
Publisher: name: Alberta Journal of Educational Research
Year: 2018

description: This article presents the findings of a correlational study that examines the relationship among the variables of principal self-efficacy, school climate, and teacher retention. A purposeful sample of 11 principals from a southeastern Texas school district were given the Principal Sense of Efficacy Scale to determine each individual’s level of self-efficacy. Simultaneously, a sample of 233 current and former teachers completed the Organizational Climate Index to measure the school climate of each participating school. The results of the multi-level analysis indicate that overall a relationship does not exist between either principal self-efficacy and teacher retention or principal self-efficacy and school climate. However, findings do suggest a relationship between teacher retention and school climate. More specifically, teachers are more likely to remain employed at campuses that are less influenced by vocal parent and citizen groups. Cet article présente les résultats d’une étude corrélationnelle portant sur le rapport entre trois variables : l’efficacité personnelle des directeurs d’école, le climat scolaire et la rétention des enseignants. Suivant un échantillonnage dirigé, 11 directeurs d’un district scolaire dans le sud-est du Texas ont répondu à un questionnaire portant sur leur sentiment d’efficacité personnelle. Pendant la même période, 233 enseignants (anciens et actuels) ont complété un questionnaire sur le climat organisationnel de sorte à mesurer le climat scolaire dans chaque école participante. Les résultats d’une analyse à plusieurs niveaux indiquent que, globalement, il n’y a pas de lien entre l’efficacité personnelle des directeurs et la rétention des enseignants, ni entre l’efficacité personnelle des directeurs et le climat scolaire. Toutefois, les résultats suggèrent un rapport entre la rétention des enseignants et le climat scolaire. Plus précisément, les enseignants sont plus portés à maintenir leur poste dans des écoles qui sont moins influencées par des groupes protestataires de parents et de citoyens.
description: Alberta Journal of Educational Research, Vol. 63 No. 4 (2017): Winter 2017
Molecular profiling of acute chorioamnionitis-affected placentas : insights into genomic variation underlying a common preterm birth condition
Creators: name: Konwar, Chaini
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2019

description: Acute chorioamnionitis (aCA), a preterm birth (PTB) associated inflammatory condition, can have adverse effects on the health of the baby. This condition is characterized by inflammatory lesions in the fetal membranes and can also involve the chorionic plate in the placenta. Histologic examination of the placenta is the gold standard for diagnosing aCA, but is only possible after delivery; thus, this method is not suitable for prenatal diagnosis of aCA. This necessitates the development of non-invasive biomarkers to allow effective management of the disease and hence, reduce the incidence of PTB. Additionally, genetic variation in immune-system genes may contribute to the placenta’s inflammatory responses, thus influencing susceptibility to aCA. The overarching objective of this dissertation is to understand how genetic, epigenetic, and miRNA variation in the placenta is associated with the disruption of immune balance in aCA. To achieve this, I first examined the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in innate immune system genes and aCA status. I observed that differences in IL6 (rs1800796) placental allele frequencies were associated with the presence of aCA. Further, I showed the IL6 SNP may regulate IL6 gene expression and DNA methylation (DNAme) in the placenta, and alter disease risk to aCA. Secondly, using the Illumina HumanMethylation850 BeadChip, I characterized epigenetic variation associated with aCA in placenta and fetal membranes. Specifically, I observed that aCA-affected placentas showed a unique DNAme profile that may reflect an increase in immune cell number as a response to inflammation and/or represent activation of the innate immune response in the placenta. Lastly, I investigated whether altered miRNA profiles were associated with aCA-affected placentas. Expression was quantified for six inflammation-related miRNAs using quantitative real-time PCR. I observed that expression of miR-518b and miR-338-3p were differentially expressed in aCA-affected placentas. I also showed that miR-518b expression in placenta was associated with IL6 (rs1800796) genotype, where carriers of the C allele exhibited decreased miR-518b expression compared to the carriers of the G allele. In summary, this research uniquely investigated genetic alterations, DNAme, and miRNA expression patterns in aCA-affected placentas, adding insights into the processes likely impacting immune function during aCA.
Solo Based-Cognition Levels of Inductive Reasoning in Geometry
Creators: name: Gagani, Ray Ferdinand Medallo
name: Misa, Roderick O
Publisher: name: Alberta Journal of Educational Research
Year: 2018

description: Inductive reasoning is one of the essential forms of thinking in mathematical discoveries and is useful in the workplace of any field. This investigation examines and characterizes the cognition levels and developmental trends in the inductive reasoning of 27 top-performing prospective mathematics teachers from three universities in Cebu City, Philippines. Participants were given a test questionnaire to assess the use of inductive task items. An in-depth analysis of the solution processes and the utilization of clustering through percentile quartiles generated two levels of cognition that support the SOLO taxonomy model. The levels are derived from a modified checklist that was based on the SOLO taxonomy. The findings support a trend of cognition for inductive reasoning ability in geometry and suggest that incoherence and the inability to connect learning to new task obstructs success. Participants who were unsuccessful in lower level tasks were not effective in higher level tasks. Le raisonnement inductif est une des formes essentielles de pensée dans les découvertes en mathématiques, et est utile dans les milieux de travail de n’importe quel domaine. Cette étude analyse et caractérise les niveaux de cognition et les tendances en raisonnement inductif chez 27 des meilleurs futurs enseignants de mathématiques de trois universités à Cebu City, Philippines. Les participants ont complété un questionnaire visant l’évaluation de l’emploi des items impliquant un raisonnement inductif. Une analyse approfondie des processus de solution et de l’emploi du regroupement par des percentiles et des quartiles a généré deux niveaux de cognition qui appuient le modèle de la taxonomie SOLO sur les objectifs d’apprentissage. Les niveaux découlent d’une liste de vérification modifiée et basée sur la taxonomie SOLO. Les résultats appuient une tendance en cognition portant sur la capacité de raisonner de façon inductive en géométrie, et portent à croire que l’incapacité à lier l’apprentissage aux nouvelles tâches entrave la réussite. Les participants qui ne réussissaient pas les tâches de niveau bas n’étaient pas performants avec les tâches de niveau plus élevé.
description: Alberta Journal of Educational Research, Vol. 63 No. 4 (2017): Winter 2017
Low-Symmetry Monoclinic Phases and Polarization Rotation Path Mediated By Epitaxial Strain in Multiferroic BiFeO3 Thin Films
Creators: name: Chen, Zuhuang
name: Luo, Zhenlin
name: Huang, Chuanwei
name: Qi, Yajun
name: Yang, Ping
name: You, Lu
name: Hu, Chuansheng
name: Wu, Tom
name: Wang, Junling
name: Gao, Chen
name: Sritharan, Thirumany
name: Chen, Lang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A morphotropic phase boundary driven by epitaxial strain has been observed in a lead-free multiferroic BiFeO3 thin films and the strain-driven phase transitions were widely reported to be iso-symmetric Cc-Cc ones by recent works. In this paper, we suggest that the tetragonal-like BiFeO3 phase identified in epitaxial films on (001) LaAlO3 single crystal substrates is monoclinic MC. This MC phase is different from MA type monoclinic phase reported in BiFeO3 films grown on low mismatch substrates, such as SrTiO3. This is confirmed not only by synchrotron x-ray studies but also by piezoresponse force microscopy measurements. The polarization vectors of the tetragonal-like phase lie in the (100) plane, not the (110) plane as previously reported. A phenomenological analysis was proposed to explain the formation of MC Phase. Such a low symmetry MC phase, with its linkage to MA phase and the multiphase coexistence open an avenue for large piezoelectric response in BiFeO3 films and shed light on a complete understanding towards possible polarization rotation paths and enhanced multiferroicity in BiFeO3 films mediated by epitaxial strain. This work may also aid the understanding of developing new lead-free strain-driven morphotropic phase boundary in other ferroic systems.
description: 22 pages,Submitted to Advanced Functional Materials on Sep,7,2010, accepted on Oct,27,2010
First results from the MIT Optical Rapid Imaging System (MORIS) on the IRTF: a stellar occultation by Pluto and a transit by exoplanet XO-2b
Creators: name: Gulbis, A. A. S.
name: Bus, S. J.
name: Elliot, J. L.
name: Rayner, J. T.
name: Stahlberger, W. E.
name: Rojas, F. E.
name: Adams, E. R.
name: Person, M. J.
name: Chung, R.
name: Tokunaga, A. T.
name: Zuluaga, C. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a high-speed, visible-wavelength imaging instrument: MORIS (the MIT Optical Rapid Imaging System). MORIS is mounted on the 3-m Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF) on Mauna Kea, HI. Its primary component is an Andor iXon camera, a nearly 60 arcsec square field of view with high quantum efficiency, low read noise, low dark current, and full-frame readout rates ranging from as slow as desired to a maximum of between 3.5 Hz and 35 Hz (depending on the mode; read noise of 6e-/pixel and 49 e-/pixel with electron-multiplying gain=1, respectively). User-selectable binning and subframing can increase the cadence to a few hundred Hz. An electron-multiplying mode can be employed for photon counting, effectively reducing the read noise to sub-electron levels at the expense of dynamic range. Data cubes, or individual frames, can be triggered to several nanosecond accuracy using the Global Positioning System. MORIS is mounted on the side-facing exit window of SpeX (Rayner et al. 2003), allowing simultaneous near-infrared and visible observations. Here we describe the components, setup, and measured characteristics of MORIS. We also report results from the first science observations: the 24 June 2008 stellar occultation by Pluto and an extrasolar planetary transit by XO-2b. The Pluto occultation, of a 15.8 R magnitude star, has signal-to-noise ratio of 35 per atmospheric scale height and a midtime error of 0.32 s. The XO-2b transit reaches photometric precision of 0.5 millimagnitudes in 2 minutes and has a midtime timing precision of 23 seconds.
A Call for “Trans-action”: The Role of Enacted Stigma in Mediating the Relationship between School Climate and School Attachment among Gender Minority Students
Creators: name: Peter, Tracey
name: Taylor, Catherine
name: Edkins, Tamara
Publisher: name: Alberta Journal of Educational Research
Year: 2018

description: Several studies have highlighted the association between enacted stigma with various mental health and educational disparities among sexual minority students, but fewer have done so with an exclusive gender minority sample and even less have included school attachment as an outcome measure. The purpose of the current analyses is to test the main effects that an LGBTQ-inclusive school context as well as enacted stigma has on school attachment, and whether enacted stigma acts as a mediator. Results show that exposure to enacted stigma is a risk factor for low school attachment, while a supportive LGBTQ-inclusive school climate is a protective one, and that the relationship between an inclusive climate and school attachment is significantly mediated by enacted stigma. Within a theoretically informed lens, these findings represent a notable contribution to educational research in terms of the importance of providing a healthy school environment for gender minority students. Si plusieurs études ont souligné le lien entre la stigmatisation effective et diverses disparités portant sur la santé mentale et l’éducation chez des élèves appartenant à une minorité sexuelle, moins d’entre elles ont porté exclusivement sur un échantillon composé d’une minorité sexuelle et encore moins ont inclus l’intérêt pour l’école parmi les mesures de résultats. L’objectif de nos analyses est d’évaluer les incidences principales qu’ont, d’une part, un contexte scolaire inclusif face à la population LGBTQ et, d’autre part, la stigmatisation effective, sur l’intérêt pour l’école. Nous cherchons également à savoir si la stigmatisation effective joue un rôle de médiateur. Les résultats indiquent que l’exposition à la stigmatisation effective constitue un facteur de risque pour une mauvaise relation avec l’école, qu’un climat scolaire inclusif face à la population LGBTQ est un facteur de protection et que le rapport entre un climat inclusif et l’intérêt pour l’école est modifié considérablement par la stigmatisation effective. Dans une optique fondée sur les théories actuelles, ces résultats représentent une contribution notable à la recherche en éducation en évoquant l’importance de fournir un milieu scolaire sain pour les élèves appartenant à une minorité sexuelle.
description: Alberta Journal of Educational Research, Vol. 63 No. 4 (2017): Winter 2017
Cooperation and profit allocation in distribution chains
Creators: name: Guardiola, Luis A.
name: Meca, Ana
name: Timmer, Judith
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the coordination of actions and the allocation of profit in supply chains under decentralized control in which a single supplier supplies several retailers with goods for replenishment of stocks. The goal of the supplier and the retailers is to maximize their individual profits. Since the outcome under decentralized control is inefficient, cooperation among firms by means of coordination of actions may improve the individual profits. Cooperation is studied by means of cooperative game theory. Among others we show that the corresponding games are balanced and we propose a stable solution concept for these games.
Subleading Spin-Orbit Correction to the Newtonian Potential in Effective Field Theory Formalism
Creators: name: Perrodin, Delphine L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the gravitational dynamics in the early inspiral phase of coalescing compact binaries using Non-Relativistic General Relativity (NRGR) - an effective field theory formalism based on the post-newtonian expansion, but which provides a consistent lagrangian framework and a systematic way in which to study binary dynamics and gravitational wave emission. We calculate in this framework the spin-orbit correction to the newtonian potential at 2.5 PN.
description: 4 pages, submitted to Proceedings of 12th Marcel Grossmann Meeting, added more detail and corrected expression for the potential
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titleType: Subtitle
title: Features of fears of Russian and Turkmen teenagers
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Year: 2023
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Ðºeywords: features of fears
adolescence
teen fears
anxiety

description: Ð ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐµ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ñ ÑÐµÐ·ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÑÑ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ¹ Ð¿ÐµÑÐµÐ¶Ð¸Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¾Ð² Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐºÐ°Ð¼Ð¸, Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð¶Ð¸Ð²Ð°ÑÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð¸ Ð² Ð¢ÑÑÐºÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÑÑÐ°Ð½Ðµ Ð¸ Ð² Ð Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸Ð¸. ÐÑÐµÐ´ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½ ÑÐµÐ¾ÑÐµÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð· ÑÐ¾Ð²ÑÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÑ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¹ Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ¹ Ð´ÐµÑÑÐºÐ¸Ñ ÑÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¾Ð², ÐºÑÐ¾ÑÑ - ÐºÑÐ»ÑÑÑÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð°ÑÐ¿ÐµÐºÑÐ¾Ð² Ð¸Ð·ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐºÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð²Ð¾Ð·ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ°. ÐÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¾ ÑÐ¼Ð¿Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ðµ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð²Ð¸Ð´Ð¾Ð² ÑÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¾Ð² Ð¸ Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ¹ Ð¸Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑÐµÐ¶Ð¸Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐºÐ°Ð¼Ð¸, Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð¶Ð¸Ð²Ð°ÑÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð¸ Ð² Ð¢ÑÑÐºÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÑÑÐ°Ð½Ðµ Ð¸ Ð² Ð Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸Ð¸. Ð Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð½ÑÐ»Ð¸ ÑÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¸Ðµ 60 ÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¸ÑÑÑ 6 â 7 ÐºÐ»Ð°ÑÑÐ¾Ð² (Ð²Ð¾Ð·ÑÐ°ÑÑ 12 â 13 Ð»ÐµÑ) ÐÐÐÐ£ Ð¡ÐÐ¨ Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ â ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³Ð° Ð¸ ÑÑÐµÐ´Ð½ÐµÐ¹ ÑÐºÐ¾Ð»Ñ Ð¢ÑÑÐºÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÑÑÐ°Ð½Ð°. ÐÑÑÐ²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¿ÐµÑÐµÐ¶Ð¸Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¾Ð² ÑÑÑÐºÐ¼ÐµÐ½ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¼Ð¸ Ð¸ ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ¸Ð¹ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¼Ð¸ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐºÐ°Ð¼Ð¸.
description: The paper presents the results of a study of the characteristics of experiencing fears by adolescents living in Turkmenistan and Russia. A theoretical analysis of modern studies of the characteristics of children s fears, cross â cultural aspects of the study of adolescence is presented. An empirical study of the types of fears and the peculiarities of their experience by adolescents living in Turkmenistan and Russia was carried out. The study involved 60 students of grades 6 â 7 (age 12 â 13 years old) of the St. Petersburg secondary school and the secondary school of Turkmenistan. The features of experiencing fears by Turkmen and Russian teenagers are revealed.
Distributed Identity for Zero Trust and Segmented Access Control: A Novel Approach to Securing Network Infrastructure
Creators: name: Ahmadi, Sina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 460904
subject: Information security management
classificationCode: 460407
subject: System and network security
classificationCode: 460403
subject: Data security and protection

description: Distributed Identity is the transition from centralized identity with Decentralized Identifiers (DID) and Verifiable Credentials (VC) for secure and privacy positive authentications. With distributed identity, identity data is brought back under the control of the user, freeing them from the single point of failure presented by credentials, and hence preventing credential-based attacks. In this study, some security improvement to the Zero Trust Architecture (ZTA) with use of the distributed identity were be evaluated, especially on migrations laterally within segmented networks. Furthermore, it discusses the implementation specification of the framework, the benefits and disadvantages of the method to organizations, and the compatibility and generalizability issues. Moreover, the study also considers privacy and regulatory issues like the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the California Consumer Data Privacy Act (CCPA) along with possible solutions. However, the study indicates that distributed identities can give an order of magnitude improvement to overall security posture through contextual and least privileged authorization as well as user privacy. Results show that by integrating distributed identity into ZTA, unauthorized lateral movement is reduced approximately 65%, authentication security is increased 78 percent relative to traditional, and it is not possible for a credential to be compromised through a phishing attack more than 80 percent of the time. Also, General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and California Consumer Data Privacy Act (CCPA) compliance are bolstered because of increased user identity data control. It identifies privacy and regulatory compliance problems and looks at solutions of these problems. The findings indicate that a great improvement in overall security posture can be had by incorporating distributed identities and promoting contextual and least-privilege authorization while protecting user privacy. The research suggests that technical standards need to be refined, distributed identity needs to be expanded into practice, and that it be discussed as an application to the current digital security landscape.
title: ÐÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½ÑÐµ Ð³Ð¸Ð´ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑ Ð½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ðµ ÑÐ¾Ð¾ÑÑÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð² ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ðµ Ð½Ð¸Ð·ÐºÐ¾Ð½Ð°Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð»ÐµÐºÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð³Ð¸Ð´ÑÐ¾ÑÐ·Ð»Ð° Ð² ÑÑÐ»Ð¾Ð²Ð¸ÑÑ ÐÐ¾ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¡Ð¸Ð±Ð¸ÑÐ¸
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð±Ð°ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð°Ð²ÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: The main hydrotechnical structures as part of low pressure complex waterworks in Eastern Siberia
Creators: name: ÐÑÑÐ¾Ð¿ÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð²Ð°, ÐÐ°ÑÐ°Ð»ÑÑ
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2020
Subjects: Ð³Ð¸Ð´ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑ Ð½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ðµ ÑÐ¾Ð¾ÑÑÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ
Ð³ÑÑÐ½ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð¿Ð»Ð¾ÑÐ¸Ð½Ð°
Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð¾ÑÐ»Ð¸Ð²Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð¿Ð»Ð¾ÑÐ¸Ð½Ð°
ÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐµÑ
Ð·Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð³ÑÑ
Ð¼Ð°Ð½ÐµÐ²ÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð·Ð°ÑÐ²Ð¾ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¸
Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð¾Ð·Ð°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ðµ ÑÐ¾Ð¾ÑÑÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ
Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÐµÐ¼Ð½Ð¸Ðº
Ð¾ÑÑÑÐ¾Ð¹Ð½Ð¸Ðº
hydrotechnical structures
soil dam
spillway dam
static analysis
powerhouse
gate operation
water intake structure
intake channel
roughing tank

description: Ð Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐµ Ð·Ð°Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ñ Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½ÑÐµ Ð³Ð¸Ð´ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ðµ ÑÐ¾Ð¾ÑÑÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð² ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ðµ Ð½Ð¸Ð·ÐºÐ¾Ð½Ð°Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð³Ð¸Ð´ÑÐ¾ÑÐ·Ð»Ð°. ÐÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð³Ð¸Ð´ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ðµ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐµÑÑ Ð³ÑÑÐ½ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¿Ð»Ð¾ÑÐ¸Ð½Ñ, Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð¾ÑÐ»Ð¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¿Ð»Ð¾ÑÐ¸Ð½Ñ Ð¸ Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð¾Ð·Ð°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ¾Ð¾ÑÑÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ. Ð Ð°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ°Ð½Ð° ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð¾Ð½Ð¾Ð²ÐºÐ° Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½ÑÑ Ð³Ð¸Ð´ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ ÑÐ¾Ð¾ÑÑÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹ Ñ ÑÑÐµÑÐ¾Ð¼ Ð¾ÑÐµÑÐµÐ´Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð²Ð¾Ð·Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ¾Ð¾ÑÑÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹.
description: In this work, the main hydraulic structures as part of a low-pressure hydroelectric unit are designed. Hydraulic calculations of a soil dam, spillway dam and water intake structure were carried out. The layout of the main hydraulic structures was developed taking into account the order of construction of structures.
IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON FLOOD FREQUENCY  OF TEGONA RIVER, ETHIOPIA
Creators: name: TADYALEHU MULATU BELACHEW
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2018

description: Climate change becomes main issue in the world. Our country Ethiopia is under its impact on
many aspects. This study investigated the impact of climate change on flood frequency  of
Tegona watershed, Genale Dawa river basin, Ethiopia. For the future, CORDEX-Africa data
output of HadGEM2-ES under RCP2.6, RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 for near-term (2021-2050) and
mid-term (2051-2080) time horizons  was selected.  The biases of climate variables were
removed  by  distribution based scaling  (DBS)  method  and correlation coefficient(R2
),

coefficient  of  variation  (CV)  and  root mean  square  error  (RMSE)  were  used  to evaluate
correction  performance. Nonparametric Mann-Kendall  test carried  out to  detect  trends of
observed  and  future  projected climate  variables. The  result  of MK  test shows;  the  future
precipitation will show decreasing trend except RCP4.5 in short-term period. Unlikely, average
temperature and ET expected to show increasing in both time frames. Following this, MIKE
11 NAM-RR hydrological model was used to simulate future daily stream flow in both time
horizons.  Both  determination coefficient  (R2
)  and Nash Sutcliff values  were  0.901 for
calibration and 0.89 validation respectively. Annual maximum(AM) and peaks over threshold
(POT) values were selected for flood frequency analysis. Based on selected model values,
baseline period best fitted Log-Pearson-3 and General pareto distributions selected based on
goodness of fit. For assessment, flood magnitude of future period was compared with baseline
flood magnitude. As a result, the future flood in different time horizons under dominant RCP’s
will expected to increase for both distributions for 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 200 and 1000yr return
periods. In general, the increment of flood magnitude will have negative impact on the study
area in the future and may cause damage or negative impact on agriculture practice, living
standard, economic activity and downstream development water projects. So, management and
adaptation measures with practices are recommended to rescue the area from flooding.
IMPACT OF LAND USE AND LAND COVER CHANGE ON STREAM FLOW USING  MIKE SHE: CASE STUDY OF SHAYA CATCHMENT, ETHIOPIA
Creators: name: MESFIN RETA AREDO
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2018

description: In this study, impacts of land use and land cover change on stream flow of the Shaya catchment in
upper Genale Dawa  sub-basin were assessed using MIKE SHE hydrological model. The study
used different types of data including topography, soil, land use and land cover, climate, stream
flow and field observation. Three years of data including 1987, 2000 and 2015 Landsat satellite
image data were downloaded and processed using ERDAS Imagine 2014. Within this study area,
settlement and agricultural area showed expansion. Bare land showed a continuous decrease within
the studied periods. Forest land  and  the  bushland were decreased in the first period and then
showed little increment  in  second period compared to the base period (1987). Range land was
increased and then decreased in first and second study periods, respectively. The MIKE SHE flow
model performance was also evaluated using correlation coefficient (R), Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient
(NSE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) with values of R > 0.88, NSE > 0.78 and RMSE <
3.90 in all calibration and validation periods showing a very good agreement with the observed
data. The impact of land use/cover change on mean annual stream flow was increased by 23.25%
and 20.69% during calibration and validation  for a  study period of 1987 to 2015,  respectively.
Mean monthly stream flow increased during the wet season by 19.82% and decreased for the dry
season by the value of 7.06% within the study period. The mean annual high stream flow values
were  decreased  by  18.19%  and  then increased by  43.09%  in the first and second periods,
respectively. On the other hand, the mean annual low stream flow value was decreased by 0.1 %
and 1.1%  in the periods. Therefore, concerned bodies have  to make appropriate control on the
expansion of settlement and agricultural lands before it makes acute problems of the hydrologic
balance of the catchment.
Compact Liquid Crystal Based Tunable Band-Stop Filter with an Ultra-Wide Stopband by Using Wave Interference Technique
Creators: name: Cai, L
name: Xu, H
name: Chu, Daping
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2017

description: A wave interference filtering section that consists of three stubs of different lengths, each with an individual stopband of its own central frequency, is reported here for the design of band-stop filters (BSFs) with ultra-wide and sharp stopbands as well as large attenuation characteristics. The superposition of the individual stopbands provides the coverage over an ultra-wide frequency range. Equations and guidelines are presented for the application of a new wave interference technique to adjust the rejection level and width of its stopband. Based on that, an electrically tunable ultra-wide stopband BSF using a liquid crystal (LC) material for ultra-wideband (UWB) applications is designed. Careful treatment of the bent stubs, including impedance matching of the main microstrip line and bent stubs together with that of the SMA connectors and impedance adaptors, was carried out for the compactness and minimum insertion and reflection losses. The experimental results of the fabricated device agree very well with that of the simulation. The centre rejection frequency as measured can be tuned between 4.434 and 4.814 GHz when a biased voltage of 0–20 Vrms is used. The 3 dB and 25 dB stopband bandwidths were 4.86 GHz and 2.51 GHz, respectively, which are larger than that of other recently reported LC based tunable BSFs.
description: The authors would like to thank the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) for the support through the Platform Grant for Liquid Crystal Photonics (EP/F00897X/1). Longzhu Cai thanks Chinese Scholarship Council and Cambridge Commonwealth, European and International Trust for financial support.
IMPLICATION OF REPPRESENTATIVE  CONCENTRATION PATHWHAYs ON ARJO-DIDESSA  CHATCHMENT, UPPER BLUE NILE BASIN, USING  MULTIPLE CLIMATE MODELS
Creators: name: WUDENEH TEMESGEN BEKELE
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2017

description: Climate change impact is  becoming a global agenda and  its impact  can be  significant on
water resources system. Therefore, this study has evaluated the impact of climate change on
stream flow  of Arjo-Didessa catchment, Upper Blue Nile basin. The projection of future
climate variables was done by using the selected four climate models namely HadGM2-ES,
MPI-ESM-LR, ICHEC-EC and CM5A-MR under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios. The
projection analysis was done for the medium future time period (2041-2070) by taking 1971-
2000 as a base line period. HEC-HMS rainfall runoff model was found suitable for stream
flow simulation for the study area.  It reasonably captured the observed hydrograph pattern
and volume. The pattern of the simulated rainfall from the three climate models  resembles
the gauge rainfall. However, the bias was found too significant to ignore. As such bias
correction was applied. Annual rainfall in 2041 to 2070 will likely decrease by 0.36% to 16%
for RCP4.5 and by 0.5% to 21% for RCP8.5 whereas annual evapotranspiration will increase
by 3% to 5% for RCP4.5 and by 4% to 7% for RCP8.5. Mean maximum temperature will
increase  up to  1.1   for RCP4.5 and up to 3.16   for RCP8.5 scenario. However,  the
minimum temperature will increase  up to 1.24   under RCP4.5 and  up to  1.5   under
RCP8.5. The climate variables change is likely to have a significant impact on the stream
flow volume. Annual flows will likely decrease by 1% to 3% for most models under RCP4.5.
Seasonal flow will increases  by 3% to 5% and  increase by  11%  to 18%  in Kiremt (rainy)
season for RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 respectively while it may decrease up to 5% in Belg (small
rain) season under RCP4.5 scenario. A significance difference in projecting annual flow was
showed for CM5A-MR and ICHEC-EC for RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 respectively. Unlike other
models, annual flow for CM5A-MR under RCP4.5and ICHEC-EC under RCP8.5 will likely
increase by 2% and 9% respectively while the other model in both scenario showed
decreases. Generally it is observed that, there will be a net annual reduction of stream flow
up to 3% in Arjo- Didessa catchment in the medium future period. Most climate models fully
Near-infrared jet emission in the microquasar XTE J1550-564
Creators: name: Chaty, Sylvain
name: Dubus, Guillaume
name: Raichoor, Anand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: Microquasars are accreting Galactic sources that are also observed to launch relativistic jets. A key signature of the ejection is non-thermal radio emission. The level of this jet component at high frequencies is still poorly constrained. Aims: The X-ray binary and microquasar black hole candidate XTE J1550-564 exhibited a faint X-ray outburst in April 2003 during which it stayed in the X-ray low/hard state. We took optical and near-infrared (NIR) observations with the ESO/NTT telescope during this outburst to disentangle the various contributions to the spectral energy distribution (SED) and investigate the presence of a jet component. Methods: Photometric and spectroscopic observations allowed us to construct an SED and also to produce a high time-resolution lightcurve. Results: The SED shows an abrupt change of slope from the NIR domain to the optical. The NIR emission is attributed to non-thermal synchrotron emission from the compact, self-absorbed jet that is known to be present in the low/hard state. This is corroborated by the fast variability, colours, lack of prominent spectral features and evidence for intrinsic polarisation. The SED suggests the jet break from the optically thick to the thin regime occurs in the NIR. Conclusions: The simultaneous optical-NIR data allow an independent confirmation of jet emission in the NIR. The transition to optically thin synchrotron occurs at NIR frequencies or below, which leads to an estimated characteristic size greater than 2x10^8cm and magnetic field less than 5T for the jet base, assuming a homogeneous one-zone synchrotron model.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics (Section 7. Stellar structure and evolution; 8 pages, 6 figures)