cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Formation of Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies Via Mergers of Disky Dwarfs
Creators: name: Kazantzidis, Stelios
name: Lokas, Ewa L.
name: Mayer, Lucio
name: Knebe, Alexander
name: Klimentowski, Jaroslaw
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform collisionless N-body simulations to investigate whether binary mergers between rotationally-supported dwarfs can lead to the formation of dwarf spheroidal galaxies (dSphs). Our simulation campaign is based on a hybrid approach combining cosmological simulations and controlled numerical experiments. We select merger events from a Constrained Local UniversE (CLUES) simulation of the Local Group (LG) and record the properties of the interacting dwarf-sized halos. This information is subsequently used to seed controlled experiments of binary encounters between dwarf galaxies consisting of exponential stellar disks embedded in cosmologically-motivated dark matter halos. These simulations are designed to reproduce eight cosmological merger events, with initial masses of the interacting systems in the range ~ (5-60) x 10^7 Mo, occurring quite early in the history of the LG, more than 10 Gyr ago. We compute the properties of the merger remnants as a distant observer would and demonstrate that at least three of the simulated encounters produce systems with kinematic and structural properties akin to those of the classic dSphs in the LG. Tracing the history of the remnants in the cosmological simulation to z=0, we find that two dSph-like objects remain isolated at distances larger than 800 kpc from either the Milky Way or M31. These systems constitute plausible counterparts of the remote dSphs Cetus and Tucana which reside in the LG outskirts, far from the tidal influence of the primary galaxies. We conclude that merging of rotationally-supported dwarfs represents a viable mechanism for the formation of dSphs in the LG and similar environments.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, LaTeX (uses emulateapj.cls). Replaced to match the version accepted for publication in ApJL. Conclusions remain unchanged
title: Historiography 1918-Today
title: Historiography 1918-Today
Creators: name: Winter, Jay
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Geschichtsschreibung
subject: World War, 1914-1918--Historiography

description: There have been four generations of historical writing about the 1914-1918 war. The first was composed of contemporaries who either fought in the war or helped run it, and spanned the period 1914-1939. Their focus was political and military. The second emerged in the 1960s, and focused on the history of societies. The third emerged in the later 1970s. Its emphasis was on cultural history, and turned to study the victims of war. The fourth generation is transnational; it studies war from a global, rather than a European perspective, reflecting the end of the bipolar standoff of the Cold War.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
title: Religion (Portugal)
title: Religion (Portugal)
Creators: name: Moura, Maria Lúcia De Brito
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Portugal
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: World War, 1914-1918--Portugal

description: World War One represented a turning point in the relationship between churches and the Portuguese state. Both Catholics and Protestants perceived the conflict as an opportunity to expand their scope of influence in a society then dominated by a sector that perceived religion as an obstructive force hindering progress. Religious assistance on the military front line proved able to overturn barriers posed by mistrust and prejudice. A look at combatants’ religious values sheds light on how the daily realities of close contact with death drove the need for the sacred.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
"Ending death, not ending life": Understanding Positive Attitudes toward Assisted Dying in the UK
Creators: name: Mallion, Jaimee
name: Murphy, Lauren Joanne
Publisher: name: London South Bank University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Assisted dying
Burden
Self determination
Quality of life
Terminal illness
End of life

description: Over 200 million people worldwide have access to a form of assisted dying, with the number of countries legalising assisted dying growing. Yet, in the UK, assisted dying is not available and those that help a loved one to die are at risk of prosecution. This research explored why people hold positive attitudes toward assisted dying. Eighteen individuals who are terminally ill, family members of those who experienced a bad death, and family members who helped take a loved one abroad for an assisted death were interviewed. Findings suggest that assisted dying allows quality of life, enabling people to fulfil their basic human needs of Autonomy, Competence and Relatedness at the end of life. Furthermore, feeling like a burden was not the driving factor behind the pursuit of an assisted death, instead pain, suffering, loss of diginity and autonomy were the most important reasons. Importantly, participants indicated that assisted dying legislation will enable more safeguards than current unregulated processes, with some terminally ill individuals attempting to end their suffering alone or travelling abroad to access an assisted death. Overall, findings are supportive of a law change in favour of assisted dying in the UK.
Authoritarian Survival and Health Care Provision in Post-Soviet Central Asia
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Health services administration
Medical care

description: What is replacing the comprehensive Soviet safety net and health care restructuring in post-Soviet authoritarian regimes of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Uzbekistan?  I explore the conditions under which authoritarian regimes use health care provision as part of their survival strategies and how authoritarian regimes incorporate nongovernmental organizations in health care provision. I argue that two factors shape authoritarian states' health care strategies: elite perceptions of political contestation shape state health care spending decisions and economic self-sufficiency determines whether states have privatized health care service provision to replace or supplement government services and structures the nature of state-NGO relations. The resulting health care strategies are not static, but evolve as political and economic pressures change. Rather than three countries over a 20-year time period, I analyze specific periods and cycles within each country to capture the dynamic nature of state health care strategies. I find that authoritarian regimes take seriously the role of societal actors as sources of political competition, constituencies to be won over through social welfare provision, and as partners or competitors in meeting the population's social welfare needs.
Mentally Ill or Chosen by Spirits? Illness Concepts and the Revival of Spiritual Healing in Post-Soviet Kazakhstan
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Mental health
Alternative medicine

description: During many years of the Soviet regime and communist indoctrination in Central Asia indigenous healing practices were condemned and the healers, as well as mullahs, suffered persecution. Despite those efforts, traditional healing was not entirely eradicated and after the collapse of the Soviet Union it has been reappraised in the new independent Central Asian states. This paper, based on my fieldwork in Kazakhstan between 1995-2000, focuses on the concept of a specific illness, connected with spiritual calling, which was traditionally held by the local population and has acquired a new significance with the revival of spiritual healing. This illness was previously easily recognized as a manifestation of “shamanic calling“, visible proof that the sufferer had been chosen by spirits. When western biomedicine gained dominance and the communist policy reduced the strength of local traditions, similar symptoms got different meaning, assigned by biomedical specialists. Diagnosed as mentally ill, a person with such symptoms was usually sent to a psychiatric ward. The notion of illness caused by spirits has been restored in the 1990s, with the political, economic and social changes that led to the upsurge of spiritual healing. Although new, bureaucratic legitimization of the healers has been officially introduced, traditional legitimization remains crucial in the way of contemporary spiritual healers, with two main components: spiritual calling manifested through the illness, and shamanic/spiritual succession. I argue that particularities of the perception of this illness and its significance for the emergence of new healers can be understood only in the broader context of transformations following the independence of the former Soviet Republics.
Additional file 5 of The association of sex-biased ATRX mutation in female gastric cancer patients with enhanced immunotherapy-related anticancer immunity
Creators: name: Ge, You
name: Wei, Feiran
name: Du, Guoping
name: Fei, Gaoqiang
name: Li, Wei
name: Li, Xiaoshan
name: Chu, Jinjin
name: Wei, Pingmin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5. Comparison of the TMB and anticancer immunity scores between female and male GC patients. a. Boxplot showing the TMB and anticancer immunity scores between female and male GC patients. Only TMB showed the significantly differences between female and male. b. The differences of TMB between female and male GC patients disappeared when excluding the TMB of ATRX mutant female patients.
The Rest Frame UV to Optical Colors and SEDs of z~4-7 Galaxies
Creators: name: Gonzalez, Valentino
name: Bouwens, Rychard
name: Labbe, Ivo
name: Illingworth, Garth
name: Oesch, Pascal
name: Franx, Marijn
name: Magee, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the ultra-deep HUDF09 and the deep ERS data from the HST WFC3/IR camera, along with the wide area Spitzer/IRAC data from GOODS-S to derive SEDs of star-forming galaxies from the rest-frame UV to the optical over a wide luminosity range (M_1500 ~ -21 to M_1500 ~ -18) from z ~ 7 to z ~ 4. The sample contains ~ 400 z ~ 4, ~ 120 z ~ 5, ~ 60 z ~ 6, and 36 prior z ~ 7 galaxies. Median stacking enables the first comprehensive study of very faint high-z galaxies at multiple redshifts (e.g., [3.6] = 27.4 +/- 0.1 AB mag for the M_1500 ~ -18 sources at z ~ 4). At z ~ 4 our faint median-stacked SEDs reach to ~ 0.06 L*(z=4) and are combined with recently published results at high luminosity L > L* that extend to M_1500 ~ -23. We use the observed SEDs and template fits to derive rest frame UV-to-optical colors (U - V) at all redshifts and luminosities. We find that this color does not vary significantly with redshift at a fixed luminosity. The UV-to-optical color does show a weak trend with luminosity, becoming redder at higher luminosities. This is most likely due to dust. At z >~ 5 we find blue colors [3.6]-[4.5] ~ -0.3 mag that are most likely due to rest-frame optical emission lines contributing to the flux in the IRAC filter bandpasses. The scatter across our derived SEDs remains substantial, but the results are most consistent with a lack of any evolution in the SEDs with redshift at a given luminosity. The similarity of the SEDs suggests a self-similar mode of evolution over a timespan from 0.7 Gyr to 1.5 Gyr that encompasses very substantial growth in the stellar mass density in the universe (from ~ 4x10^6 to ~ 2x10^7 Msun Mpc^-3).
description: 15 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables, submitted to ApJ
MPEC 2023-H166 : DAILY ORBIT UPDATE (2023 April 24)
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Time series analysis of the response of measurement instruments
Creators: name: Georgakaki, Dimitra
name: Mitsas, Chris
name: Polatoglou, Hariton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work the significance of treating a set of measurements as a time series is being explored. Time Series Analysis (TSA) techniques, part of the Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) approach, can provide much insight regarding the stochastic correlations that are induced on the outcome of an experiment by the measurement system and can provide criteria for the limited use of the classical variance in metrology. Specifically, techniques such as the Lag Plots, Autocorrelation Function, Power Spectral Density and Allan Variance are used to analyze series of sequential measurements, collected at equal time intervals from an electromechanical transducer. These techniques are used in conjunction with power law models of stochastic noise in order to characterize time or frequency regimes for which the usually assumed white noise model is adequate for the description of the measurement system response. However, through the detection of colored noise, usually referred to as flicker noise, which is expected to appear in almost all electronic devices, a lower threshold of measurement uncertainty for this particular system is obtained and the white noise model is no longer accurate.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
title: Historiography 1918-Today (Australia)
title: Historiography 1918-Today (Australia)
Creators: name: Holbrook, Carolyn
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Australien
subject: World War, 1914-1918--Australia
subject: Historiography

description: Charles E.W. Bean’s twelve-volume ''Official History of Australia in the War of 1914-1918'' (1921-1942) dominated Australian historiography of the Great War for four decades. The theme of the ''Official History'', that the Australian nation was born through the deeds of its soldiers,'' ''was neither affirmed nor disputed by academic historians, but ignored. It was not until the 1960s that historians began to study the Great War. Much of the historiography since then has challenged Bean’s story of martial baptism and emphasised the divisions that existed on the Australian home front during the war. Ken Inglis’ pioneering work on Anzac Day and war memorials fanned the historiography of remembrance and commemoration, just as the international rise of cultural history and memory studies led scholars back to the Great War with new questions about grief, mourning and trauma. The nation-making interpretation of the war survives and indeed thrives outside the academy.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
On establishing robust consistency in answer set programs
Creators: name: Thevapalan, Andre
name: Kern-Isberner, Gabriele
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Logic programming
subject: Answer set programming
subject: Consistency
subject: Contradictions
subject: Conflicts
subject: Interactions
subject: 004
subject: Logische Programmierung
subject: Answer Set Programming
subject: Konsistenz
subject: Widerspruch
subject: Konflikt
subject: Interaktion

description: Answer set programs used in real-world applications often require that the program is usable with different input data. This, however, can often lead to contradictory statements and consequently to an inconsistent program. Causes for potential contradictions in a program are conflicting rules. In this paper, we show how to ensure that a program P remains non-contradictory given any allowed set of such input data. For that, we introduce the notion of conflict-resolving λ -extensions. A conflict-resolving λ -extension for a conflicting rule r is a set λ of (default) literals such that extending the body of r by λ resolves all conflicts of r at once. We investigate the properties that suitable λ -extensions should possess and building on that, we develop a strategy to compute all such conflict-resolving λ -extensions for each conflicting rule in P . We show that by implementing a conflict resolution process that successively resolves conflicts using λ -extensions eventually yields a program that remains non-contradictory given any allowed set of input data.
description: Theory and practice of logic programming;
Generalized Limits for Parameter Sensitivity via Quantum Ziv-Zakai Bound
Creators: name: Gao, Yang
name: Lee, Hwang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the generalized limit for parameter sensitivity in quantum estimation theory considering the effects of repeated and adaptive measurements. Based on the quantum Ziv-Zakai bound, we derive some lower bounds for parameter sensitivity when the Hamiltonian of system is unbounded and when the adaptive measurements are implemented on the system. We also prove that the parameter sensitivity is bounded by the limit of the minimum detectable parameter. In particular, we examine several known states in quantum phase estimation with non-interacting photons, and show that they can not perform better than Heisenberg limit in a much simpler way with our result.
description: 8pages, 5 figures
Stable Flight and Object Tracking with a Quadricopter Using an Android Device
Creators: name: Bardin, Benjamin Alexander
name: Brown, William Haldean
name: Blaer, Paul S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Computer science

description: We discuss a novel system architecture for quadricopter control, the Robocopter platform, in which the quadricopter can behave near-autonomously and processing is handled by an Android device on the quadricopter. The Android device communicates with a laptop, receiving commands from the host and sending imagery and sensor data back. We also discuss the results of a series of tests of our platform on our first hardware iteration, named Jabberwock.
An Arctic Nuclear Weapons Free Zone – In Search of a Security Architecture for the Arctic
Creators: name: MacDonald, Alexander
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Arctic, nuclear-weapon-free zone, disarmament, non-proliferation, confidence building measures, intermediary arms control measures
subject: Political Science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: This study seeks to determine why proposals for Arctic nuclear-weapon-free zones (ANWFZ) have thus far failed to come to fruition. In reviewing and analyzing the ANWFZ proposals made by Rich and Vinograndov, Newcombe, Wilkes and Axworthy, which span a time frame of 1964 to 2012, three variables are isolated that account for these proposals’ failures. First, it is shown that proposals have failed to include serious considerations of strategic stability. In failing to fully appreciate or consider the strategic realities of the Arctic region, proposals have remained both improbable and undesirable to governments and strategic commentators. Second, and a consequence of the first, proposals have failed to consider or propose confidence-building measures (CBMs) or intermediary arms control measures which would help to create the conditions necessary to negotiate Arctic denuclearization. Third, proposals have failed to make the best arguments for how and why an ANWFZ should be established by neglecting relevant historic-legal precedents. The isolation of these three variables leads to two key contributions. First, all relevant historic-legal precedents are reviewed in relation to four key obstacles to ANWFZ realization (the inclusion of partial territory, negative security assurances, members of a collective security alliance joining a NWFZ, and the prohibition of the transit of nuclear weapons through the high seas of a NWFZ). The second contribution is the elaboration of a ‘menu’ of Arctic-specific CBMs and arms control measures. The formulation of this menu was guided by the key contention that the foundation of confidence is communication and information sharing. That is, arms control measures, to even be negotiated, must first be preceded by confidence-building measures. Arms control measures require trust, both in the negotiation and execution phase, established dialogue forums and confidence building measures provide just that. These contributions were made in an effort to fill the strategic void which the analysis of this study determined ANWFZ proposals have suffered from. It is an effort to operationalize the discovered factors of failure and to begin the work of putting the proposals in direct dialogue with related commentaries and larger discourses on Arctic security.
Additional file 6 of The association of sex-biased ATRX mutation in female gastric cancer patients with enhanced immunotherapy-related anticancer immunity
Creators: name: Ge, You
name: Wei, Feiran
name: Du, Guoping
name: Fei, Gaoqiang
name: Li, Wei
name: Li, Xiaoshan
name: Chu, Jinjin
name: Wei, Pingmin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 6. Comparison of the expression of DDR-related core genes between four subgroups. Sub1: female patients with ATRX mutation; Sub2: female patients without ATRX mutation; Sub3: male patients with ATRX mutation; Sub4: male patients without ATRX mutation
Brain Mechanisms of Associative Memory Deficits in Mild Cognitive Impairment, With or Without Parkinson’s Disease
Creators: name: Alrazi, Tazrina
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: neuroimaging, MRI, Parkinson's disease, aging, mild cognitive impairment, associative memory, behavior, brain functions
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Psychology--Behavioral
subject: Psychology--Cognitive

description: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a condition of minor cognitive difficulties compared to age-matched healthy individuals. Independent activities of daily living are unaffected in MCI. MCI is a major risk factor for the development of dementia, including in patients with Parkinson’s Disease (PD). Individuals with and without PD with MCI might eventually develop dementia. MCI might give an opportunity to initiate interventional strategies to prevent dementia or prolong the duration to get dementia. A deficit in associative memory, the recollection of an association between two or more items, is a marker of early cognitive impairment in MCI. We hypothesized that the neural origins of associative memory deficits differ between MCI with and without PD, which is very important for understanding the MCI process. In this thesis, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to investigate brain mechanisms of associative memory deficits in MCI with or without PD and compared with age-matched healthy controls. Study participants performed a face-scene associative memory task inside the MRI scanner. The results of this thesis demonstrate different mechanisms of associative memory deficits in MCI with and without PD. PD with MCI (PD-MCI) shows reduced activations in fronto-parietal, fronto-striatal and temporal regions compared to healthy and MCI without PD (non-PD-MCI) during the associative memory task. Non-PD-MCI shows increased activations in fronto-parietal, and temporal regions compared to healthy and both PD groups during the task. PD without MCI (PD-non-MCI) shows increased activations in fusiform gyrus compared to healthy and increased activations in fronto-striatal regions compared to PD-MCI. Both PD groups demonstrate reduced fronto-parietal activations compared to healthy. PD-non-MCI shows similar associative memory performance as healthy while MCI with or without PD groups show poorer performance on the task compared to healthy. Together, these results indicate that increased activations of specific brain regions in PD-non-MCI might be potentially compensatory, whereas increased aberrant activations in non-PD-MCI do not compensate for their underlying cognitive deficiency. Longitudinal follow-up of our subjects could indicate contribution of these brain regions in MCI and potential dementia. Our findings contribute to the understanding of brain functionality in MCI in the elderly with or without PD.
title: Grigorovich, Ivan Konstantinovich
title: Grigorovich, Ivan Konstantinovich
Creators: name: Peeling, Siobhan
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Grigorovič, Ivan K.
subject: Grigorovich, I. K. (Ivan Konstantinovich), 1853-1930

description: Grigorovich was Navy Minister between 1911 and 1917. He sought cooperation with parliament and secured funds to rebuild fleets ravaged by war with Japan. His support for mobilisation in 1914 helped push Russia into a conflict for which the navy was unprepared and which the tsarist government would not survive.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
title: Governments, Parliaments and Parties (New Zealand)
title: Governments, Parliaments and Parties (New Zealand)
Creators: name: McAloon, Jim
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Neuseeland
subject: World War, 1914-1918
subject: New Zealand

description: New Zealand’s wartime parliament was dominated by a coalition between the two main parties, Reform and Liberal. Labour parliamentarians opposed the coalition and the war was a significant factor in the making of a new Labour party.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
title: Privacy and Personal Data Protection in Russia, Lithuania and Germany: Law, Legacy and Cyber Shift
Creators: name: Kareniauskaitė, Monika
Publisher: name: Forum Transregionale Studien e.V.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Russland
subject: Litauen
subject: Deutschland
subject: Datenschutz
subject: Digitale Souveränität
subject: Datenschutzgesetz
subject: Persönlichkeitsrecht
subject: Grundrechtsverletzung
subject: 947
subject: 943
subject: 340.09
subject: 342

description: The aim of research presented in this paper is to study the ideas and perceptions on digital-sphere related privacy, control and security in three different societies: Germany, Lithuania and Russia. The paper is investigating if –and if yes, how– the historical ideas and beliefs about privacy and personal data protection are still shaping the experiences, law, perceptions and behaviour in the digital word of these three different populations, united by similar historical experiences of living in non-democratic societies. As a mean of investigating the views and opinions on privacy and data protection in Germany, Lithuania and Russia, a pilot survey was designed and tested. It was combined with the analysis of legal sources. Combining the analysis of laws and legal documents with quantitative data, historical approaches with contemporary statistical analysis turned out to be a fruitful strategy to measure different approaches towards the privacy and data security in Russia, Germany and Lithuania. As the collected data demonstrate, we can raise the hypothesis that the legal regimes and privacy definitions of the past still impact today’s societies.
description: Working Papers, Forum Transregionale Studien, vol. 8/2022
Alberta Research Partnerships: Lessons Learned & Guiding Questions for Partners
Creators: name: Brown, Barbara
Publisher: name: Werklund School of Education
Year: 2021
Subjects: research-practice partnerships
school-university partnerships
RPP

description: This document provides six lessons learned in research partnerships that were shared with Alberta Education, Research Partnerships Program, Cohort 4 Grant Recipients on June 14, 2021. These key lessons emerged from the author’s involvement in partnership projects, literature in the field, and a two-year research study involving the first cohort group. With each lesson, a few guiding questions are provided for project teams to consider in support of their collaborative research activities.
Development and application of honey bee in vitro systems
Creators: name: Chan, Man Yi Mandy
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: The honey bee, Apis mellifera, has become tightly linked to human agriculture as one of the most important pollinators. The recent honey bee population decline has raised global concerns of a pollination crisis, yet honey bee research lags far behind in available research tools compared to other model organisms, limiting the pace we can hope to advance our knowledge of honey bee biology and improve bee health. Therefore, the major goal of this thesis was to establish new tools and to improve some of the existing tools for honey bee research and then to demonstrate that these tools can be combined with other genetic and proteomic techniques to help us address questions on honey bee biology. First of all, honey bee primary cell cultures from various tissues could be established and maintained for at least four months. Embryonic cultures could be cryopreserved and also transduced with lentivirus to express EGFP. Proteomic analysis revealed biological pathways related to glucose metabolism and oxidative stress were significantly altered in primary cells during two weeks of cultivation. In addition to cell culture, in vitro larval rearing was also established and the use of various artificial diets was compared for ability to sustain growth. Basic larval diet was by far the most efficient formulation and it was applied to study honey bees’ response to American foulbrood (AFB) infection. RNA interference (RNAi) was used to silence prophenoloxidase, a gene implicated in bees’ resistance to AFB and a multiple reaction monitoring mass (MRM) spectrometry assay was developed to assess degree of knockdown. Although dosage response was observed in in vitro rearing for AFB infection, significant gene silencing could not be achieved. Overall, we established several in vitro systems, including cell cultures and in vitro larval rearing, for honey bee research and these systems in combination with lentiviral transduction, RNA interference, proteome analysis, and MRM assay could form a thorough analysis platform for future studies to improve our knowledge of honey bee biology.
title: Hydraulic risk in urban area. Community and memories in historical centre of Acireale
Creators: name: Pavone, Venera
Publisher: name: UPLanD - Journal of Urban Planning, Landscape & environmental Design
Year: 2018

description: The mainstream approach to environmental risk analysis uses probabilistic tools and mathematical models to evaluate the possibility that a given event will occur and its magnitude. This approach does not take into account the complexity of the socio-economic system omitting the uncertainties that result from the deep relationship between human, society and the environment. Risk assessment requires other contributions able to express and use the complexity not as a limit but as an opportunity. These contributions should be able to integrate traditional and qualitative approaches. Informal dialogues and life stories are useful to know community perceptions and territorial subjectivity in order to create a more complex image of the territory and to increase the awareness of the risk. This paper aims to illustrate the ongoing experience in Acireale, where a participatory process on the assessment and prevention of flood risks in urban areas has been started. The first part of the process was intended to rebuild the collective image of risk. Afterwards a collective experience of service learning has tried to transform these analysis into project. Questions are still many: could this process be a codified form? What are difficulties and opportunities of such a process? How does this influence the redesign of the city and community behaviors?
description: UPLanD - Journal of Urban Planning, Landscape & environmental Design, V. 3 N. 2: Urban Water Management
Lyman Alpha Emitters and Lyman Break Galaxies: dichotomous twins?
Creators: name: Dayal, Pratika
name: Ferrara, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) We extend our previous studies aimed at modeling Lyman Alpha Emitters (LAEs) to the second population of high redshift sources, Lyman Break Galaxies (LBGs), with the final goal of investigating the physical relationship between them at 6 < z <8. We use a set of large (~10^6 Mpc^3) cosmological SPH simulations that include a detailed treatment of star formation, feedback, metal enrichment and supernova dust production; these same simulations have already been shown to successfully reproduce a large number of observed properties of LAEs (Dayal et al. 2010). We identify LBGs as galaxies with an absolute ultraviolet (UV) magnitude M_{UV} <= -17, consistent with current observational criteria. With no further parameter tuning, the model reproduces the redshift evolution of the LBG UV luminosity function, stellar mass function, and star formation rate (SFR) density extremely well, compared to the data at z~6-8. It predicts a z-independent average beta value of about -2.2, consistent with the most recent observational results. The mean LBG specific SFR increases from 6.7 Gyr^-1 at z ~ 6 to 13.9 Gyr^-1 at z ~ 8, and is largest for the smallest LBGs. From a comparison of the simulated LAE and LBG populations, we find no appreciable differences between them in terms of the stellar masses, ages, SFR, and dust content; only the faintest LBGs with M_{UV} >= -18 (-19) at z ~ 6 (8) do not show an observable Lyman Alpha line. LAEs hence represent a luminous LBG subset, whose relative extent depends only on the adopted equivalent width (EW) selection criteria. Further, in line with current observations, we find that the fraction of LBGs showing a Lyman Alpha line decreases with increasing redshift due to the combined effects of dust and reionization. We conclude with a brief critical model discussion, which emphasizes the uncertainties inherent to theoretical EW determinations.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS; figures updated with latest observational data sets
Covariant statistical mechanics and the stress-energy tensor
Creators: name: Becattini, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After recapitulating the covariant formalism of equilibrium statistical mechanics in special relativity and extending it to the case of a non-vanishing spin tensor, we show that the relativistic stress-energy tensor at thermodynamical equilibrium can be obtained from a functional derivative of the partition function with respect to the inverse temperature four-vector β. For usual thermodynamical equilibrium, the stress-energy tensor turns out to be the derivative of the relativistic thermodynamic potential current with respect to the four-vector β, i.e. T^{μν} = - \partial Φ^μ/\partial β_ν. This formula establishes a relation between stress-energy tensor and entropy current at equilibrium possibly extendable to non-equilibrium hydrodynamics.
description: 4 pages. Final version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett
A new abstraction for summary-based pointer analysis
Creators: name: Buss, Marcio
name: Brand, Daniel
name: Sreedhar, Vugranam
name: Edwards, Stephen A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Computer science

description: W e propose a new abstraction for pointer analysis based on the principle of matching pointer dereferences or "memory fetches" with pointer assignments. Our abstraction, the Assign-Fetch Graph (AFG), has several advantages over traditional points-to graphs. It leads to concise procedure summaries for pointer analysis and similar computations; each procedure' s summary information can be used effectively in arbitrary calling contexts. Different analysis variations can be formulated on the AFG we present two possible variations. One is based on a standard insensitive view of the program; the other takes some statement ordering into account and produces results that are both more precise and more quickly computed. Our abstraction also facilitates incremental summary-based pointer analysis, which is not generally possible with conventional points-to graphs.
Peacetime Violence: Post-Conflict Violence and Peacebuilding Strategies
Creators: name: Autesserre, Severine
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Postwar reconstruction
Peace-building

description: This synthesis provides an overview of academic findings on the sources of violence in post-war environments and on the strategies to address them. It distinguishes between unaddressed pre-war tensions, war-induced cleavages, and peace-generated conflicts. It shows that, according to the best research, current peacebuilding strategies have two major weaknesses. First, they neglect the micro-level dynamics of violence. Second, they do not devote sufficient attention and resources to state reconstruction (which is distinct from merely holding elections). These weaknesses explain why peacebuilding efforts often fail to end violence even when they produce other positive outcomes.
Ctenacarus araneola
Creators: name: Ordouni, Fatemeh
name: Ramroodi, Sara
name: Akrami, Mohammad Ali
name: Rakhshani, Ehsan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Sarcoptiformes
Ctenacaridae
Ctenacarus
Ctenacarus araneola

description: Ctenacarus araneola (Grandjean, 1932)
 Material examined – 1♀, Iran, Sistan and Baluchestan province, Adimi, Nimrooz county (31° 08' 71" N, 61° 43' 47" E, 470 m a.s.l.), Orchard undergrowth, Punica granatum L., Ficus carica L. and Morus sp., 14 August 2019, leg.: F. Ordouni.
 Distribution in Iran – Yazd, East Azarbaijan, Fars and Razavi Khorasan provinces (Akrami 2015; Akrami and Shahedi 2020).
 Zoogeographical distribution – Pantropical (Australian, Oriental, Neotropical and Ethiopian) and Subtropical (Southern and Eastern Palaearctic, Neotropical, Southern Holarctic, Nearctic and Ethiopian).
description: Published as part of Ordouni, Fatemeh, Ramroodi, Sara, Akrami, Mohammad Ali & Rakhshani, Ehsan, 2023, Oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) from southeastern Iran, with supplementary description of Verachthonius cf. laticeps (Brachychthoniidae), pp. 173-188 in Persian Journal of Acarology 12 (2) on page 175, DOI: 10.22073/pja.v12i2.75578, http://zenodo.org/record/10268285
title: Commemoration, Cult of the Fallen (New Zealand)
title: Commemoration, Cult of the Fallen (New Zealand)
Creators: name: Harris, Margaret
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Neuseeland
subject: Kollektives Gedächtnis
subject: World War, 1914-1918--New Zealand
subject: Religious aspects
subject: Collective memory

description: Anzac Day is the primary method of New Zealand public engagement with the Great War. Commemorating the failed Anzac Landings of April 1915, New Zealand's Anzac Day has, in the years since then, been improvised, ritualised, shared, and fought over. From local beginnings in 1916, it has survived major challenges and shrugged off old meanings, and has managed to remain an important day on the national calendar. This entry will look at the beginnings of Anzac Day, its early developments, the challenges for Anzac Day after the Second World War, and finally how it is practised contemporily.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Privacy Enhanced Access Control for Outsourced Data Sharing
Creators: name: Raykova, Mariana Petrova
name: Bellovin, Steven Michael
name: Zhao, Hang
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Computer science
Computers--Access control
Computer security
Electronic data processing--Security measures
Cloud computing

description: Traditional access control models often assume that the entity enforcing access control policies is also the owner of data and resources. This assumption no longer holds when data is outsourced to a third-party storage provider, such as the cloud. Existing access control solutions mainly focus on preserving confidentiality of stored data from unauthorized access and the storage provider. However, in this setting, access control policies as well as users' access patterns also become privacy sensitive information that should be protected from the cloud. We propose a two-level access control scheme that combines coarse-grained access control enforced at the cloud, which allows to get acceptable communication overhead and at the same time limits the information that the cloud learns from his partial view of the access rules and the access patterns, and fine-grained cryptographic access control enforced at the user's side, which provides the desired expressiveness of the access control policies. Our solution handles both read and write access control.
Distinguishing Various Models of the 125 GeV Boson in Vector Boson Fusion
Creators: name: Chang, Jung
name: Cheung, Kingman
name: Tseng, Po-Yan
name: Yuan, Tzu-Chiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hint of a new particle around 125 GeV at the LHC through the decay modes of diphoton and a number of others may point to quite a number of possibilities. While at the LHC the dominant production mechanism for the Higgs boson of the standard model and some other extensions is via the gluon fusion process, the alternative vector boson fusion is more sensitive to electroweak symmetry breaking through the gauge-Higgs couplings and therefore can be used to probe for models beyond the standard model. In this work, using the well known dijet-tagging technique to single out the vector boson fusion mechanism, we investigate its capability to discriminate a number of models that have been suggested to give an enhanced inclusive diphoton production rate, including the standard model Higgs boson, fermiophobic Higgs boson, Randall-Sundrum radion, inert-Higgs-doublet model, two-Higgs-doublet model, and the MSSM. The rates in vector-boson fusion can give more information of the underlying models to help distinguishing among the models.
description: 31 pages, 3 figures; in this version some wordings are changed
Ruddlesden-Popper faults in LaNiO3/LaAlO3 superlattices
Creators: name: Detemple, E.
name: Ramasse, Q. M.
name: Sigle, W.
name: Cristiani, G.
name: Habermeier, H. -U.
name: Keimer, B.
name: van Aken, P. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scanning transmission electron microscopy in combination with electron energy-loss spectroscopy is used to study LaNiO3/LaAlO3 superlattices grown on (La,Sr)AlO4 with varying single-layer thicknesses which are known to control their electronic properties. The microstructure of the films is investigated on the atomic level and the role of observed defects is discussed in the context of the different properties. Two types of Ruddlesden-Popper faults are found which are either two or three dimensional. The common planar Ruddlesden-Popper fault is induced by steps on the substrate surface. In contrast, the three-dimensionally arranged Ruddlesden-Popper fault, whose size is in the nanometer range, is caused by the formation of local stacking faults during film growth. Furthermore, the interfaces of the superlattices are found to show different sharpness, but the microstructure does not depend substantially on the single-layer thickness.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
Organic fertilizer source effects on protected Solanum lycopersicon L. (tomato) production in south coastal British Columbia
Creators: name: Rekken, Gregory Kyle
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Low-cost hoop houses are common climate enhancing structures used by small to medium-scale farmers for intensive production of high-value crops. On-farm fertilizer production and utilization of locally available soil amendments can reduce input costs, while increasing regional sustainability. Production system specific organic fertilization programs, with respect to relative nutrient concentrations, mineralization rates, and pest and disease suppressing capabilities, are crucial for sustained high yields. The objectives of this study were to assess organic fertilizer source effects on protected, organic Solanum lycopersicon L. (tomato) production in South Coastal British Columbia, and to assess whether genotype x fertilizer source interactions are present for various growth and yield traits. Two cultivars of tomato, cv. Black Cherry and cv. Pollock were grown in a randomized complete block, split plot design, consisting of four fertilizer treatments replicated three times. Fertilizer treatments included: 1) Vicia villosa Roth. (hairy vetch) green manure (HV), 2) composted poultry manure (CPM), 3) Ecofert® ‘EcoGrow’ 3-3-4 (OMRI certified) liquid fertilizer, and 4) a no treatment control. All fertilizers were applied at a rate of 100 kg total nitrogen per hectare. Treatments had no effect on vegetative growth, except increased biomass in cv. Pollock treated with EcoGrow. Yield responses in cv. Black Cherry commenced from harvest week six onwards for CPM and HV treatments and from week eight for EcoGrow. By seasons end, all fertilizer treatments produced yield increases of 23% over the control in cv. Black Cherry plants while no yield response occurred in cv. Pollock. Both EcoGrow and HV had positive effects on foliar potassium, which was the most limiting nutrient. Total soil nitrogen and available phosphorus were considered sufficient, except foliar phosphorus was near the critical level at mid-harvest in all treatments. Foliar calcium and magnesium were high. Several fungal diseases, including late blight, powdery mildew, grey mould and verticillium wilt, infected the crop from mid-July and may have affected plant nutrition and yield. This study shows that a range of organic fertility sources can be effectively used in protected tomato production. However, cultivar lifecycle and growth habit should be considered when devising fertilization programs.
title: Film/Cinema (South East Europe)
title: Film/Cinema (South East Europe)
Creators: name: Vučetić, Radina
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Film
subject: World War, 1914-1918--Motion pictures and the war

description: This article offers a synthetic picture of the presence of World War I motifs in South-Eastern European cinema. It also offers an overview of the filmography of World War I and some conclusions about the use of the Great War theme in the construction of collective memory in South-East Europe. Films covered in this analysis are from the beginnings of World War I, the inter-war period, and also from 1945 to the present.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War