cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Novel Nonreciprocal Acoustic Effects in Antiferromagnets
Creators: name: Valenti, Roser
name: Gros, Claudius
name: Muthukumar, V. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The possible occurrence of nonreciprocal acoustic effects in antiferromagnets in the absence of an external magnetic field is investigated using both (i) a microscopic formulation of the magnetoelastic interaction between spins and phonons and (ii) symmetry arguments. We predict for certain antiferromagnets the existence of two new nonreciprocal (non-time invariant) effects: A boundary-condition induced nonreciprocal effect and the occurrence of transversal phonon modes propagating in opposite directions having different velocities. Estimates are given and possible materials for these effects to be observed are suggested.
description: Euro. Phys. Lett. (in press)
Deconfinement Dynamics of Fractons in Tilted Bose-Hubbard Chains
Creators: name: Boesl, Julian
name: Zechmann, Philip
name: Feldmeier, Johannes
name: Knap, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fractonic constraints can lead to exotic properties of quantum many-body systems. Here, we investigate the dynamics of fracton excitations on top of the ground states of a one-dimensional, dipole-conserving Bose-Hubbard model. We show that nearby fractons undergo a collective motion mediated by exchanging virtual dipole excitations, which provides a powerful dynamical tool to characterize the underlying ground state phases. We find that in the gapped Mott insulating phase, fractons are confined to each other as motion requires the exchange of massive dipoles. When crossing the phase transition into a gapless Luttinger liquid of dipoles, fractons deconfine. Their transient deconfinement dynamics scales diffusively and exhibits strong but subleading contributions described by a quantum Lifshitz model. We examine prospects for the experimental realization in tilted Bose-Hubbard chains by numerically simulating the adiabatic state preparation and subsequent time evolution, and find clear signatures of the low-energy fracton dynamics.
description: 5 + 10 pages, 3 + 2 figures, published version
Dualities for adjoint SQCD in three dimensions and emergent symmetries
Creators: name: Giacomelli, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study dualities for $\mathcal{N}=2$ gauge theories in three dimensions with matter in the fundamental and adjoint representation. The duality we propose, analogous to mirror symmetry, is obtained starting from $\mathcal{N}=4$ mirror theories and turning on a certain superpotential deformation involving monopole operators. We study the role of emergent symmetries in the dual theory, focusing on the case of models with gauge symmetry $U(2)$ or $SU(2)$. We find that $SU(2)$ adjoint SQCD with one flavor and zero superpotential is dual to SQED with two flavors and three singlets. As a byproduct, we recover several dualities for theories with $\mathcal{N}=2$ and $\mathcal{N}=4$ supersymmetry, including the duality appetizer of Jafferis and Yin.
description: 30 pages, 10 figures; references added
Radiative Asymptotic Symmetries of 3D Einstein-Maxwell Theory
Creators: name: Bosma, Jorrit
name: Geiller, Marc
name: Majumdar, Sucheta
name: Oblak, Blagoje
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the null asymptotic structure of Einstein-Maxwell theory in three-dimensional (3D) spacetimes. Although devoid of bulk gravitational degrees of freedom, the system admits a massless photon and can therefore accommodate electromagnetic radiation. We derive fall-off conditions for the Maxwell field that contain both Coulombic and radiative modes with non-vanishing news. The latter produces non-integrability and fluxes in the asymptotic surface charges, and gives rise to a non-trivial 3D Bondi mass loss formula. The resulting solution space is thus analogous to a dimensional reduction of 4D pure gravity, with the role of gravitational radiation played by its electromagnetic cousin. We use this simplified setup to investigate choices of charge brackets in detail, and compute in particular the recently introduced Koszul bracket. When the latter is applied to Wald-Zoupas charges, which are conserved in the absence of news, it leads to the field-dependent central extension found earlier in [arXiv:1503.00856]. We also consider (Anti-)de Sitter asymptotics to further exhibit the analogy between this model and 4D gravity with leaky boundary conditions.
description: 50 pages, 1 figure. v2: added references and a paragraph in the conclusion on supersymmetric extensions
Deep learning approach based on dimensionality reduction for designing electromagnetic nanostructures
Creators: name: Kiarashinejad, Yashar
name: Abdollahramezani, Sajjad
name: Adibi, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we demonstrate a computationally efficient new approach based on deep learning (DL) techniques for analysis, design, and optimization of electromagnetic (EM) nanostructures. We use the strong correlation among features of a generic EM problem to considerably reduce the dimensionality of the problem and thus, the computational complexity, without imposing considerable errors. By employing the dimensionality reduction concept using the more recently demonstrated autoencoder technique, we redefine the conventional many-to-one design problem in EM nanostructures into a one-to-one problem plus a much simpler many-to-one problem, which can be simply solved using an analytic formulation. This approach reduces the computational complexity in solving both the forward problem (i.e., analysis) and the inverse problem (i.e., design) by orders of magnitude compared to conventional approaches. In addition, it provides analytic formulations that, despite their complexity, can be used to obtain intuitive understanding of the physics and dynamics of EM wave interaction with nanostructures with minimal computation requirements. As a proof-of-concept, we applied such an efficacious method to design a new class of on-demand reconfigurable optical metasurfaces based on phase-change materials (PCM). We envision that the integration of such a DL-based technique with full-wave commercial software packages offers a powerful toolkit to facilitate the analysis, design, and optimization of the EM nanostructures as well as explaining, understanding, and predicting the observed responses in such structures.
Additional file 1: of Formative research for the design of a scalable mobile health program water, sanitation, and hygiene: CHoBI7 mobile health program
Creators: name: George, Christine
name: Zohura, Fatema
name: Teman, Alana
name: Thomas, Elizabeth
name: Hasan, Tasdik
name: Rana, Sohel
name: Parvin, Tahmina
name: Sack, David
name: Bhuyian, Sazzadul
name: Labrique, Alain
name: Masud, Jahed
name: Winch, Peter
name: Leontsini, Elli
name: Zeller, Kelsey
name: Begum, Farzana
name: Khan, Abul
name: Tahmina, Sanya
name: Munum, Farazana
name: Monira, Shirajum
name: Alam, Munirul
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Table S1. Overview of Intervention Activities by Arm. Table S2. Mobile Messages Played During the First Group Discussion. Table S3. Overview of CHoBI7 Mobile Health Program Development: Themes, Formative Research Findings, and Intervention Components. (DOCX 38 kb)
Critical Transverse Forces in Weakly Pinned Driven Vortex Systems
Creators: name: Fangohr, Hans
name: de Groot, Peter A. J.
name: Cox, Simon J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present simulation results of the moving Bragg glass regime of a driven two-dimensional vortex system in the presence of a smoothly varying weak pinning potential. We study the critical transverse force and (i) demonstrate that it can be an order of magnitude larger than previous estimates (ii) show that it is still observable when the system is driven along low higher-order lattice vectors. We confirm theoretical predictions that the critical transverse force is the order parameter of the so-called moving glass phase, and provide data to support experimentalists verifying the existence of a critical transverse force.
description: 5 pages RevTeX, incl. 6 Fig, several changes incl. detailed explanation of sigma and Fig. 6
Waring Problem For Triangular Matrix Algebra
Creators: name: Kaushik, Rahul
name: Singh, Anupam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11P05, 11G25

description: The Matrix Waring problem is if we can write every matrix as a sum of $k$-th powers. Here, we look at the same problem for triangular matrix algebra $T_n(\mathbb{F}_q)$ consisting of upper triangular matrices over a finite field. We prove that for all integers $k, n \geq 1$, there exists a constant $\mathcal C(k, n)$, such that for all $q> \mathcal C(k,n)$, every matrix in $T_n(\mathbb{F}_q)$ is a sum of three $k$-th powers. Moreover, if $-1$ is $k$-th power in $\mathbb{F}_q$, then for all $q>\mathcal C(k,n)$, every matrix in $T_n(\mathbb{F}_q)$ is a sum of two $k$-th powers. We make use of Lang-Weil estimates about the number of solutions of equations over finite fields to achieve the desired results.
Split injectivity of A-theoretic assembly maps
Creators: name: Bunke, Ulrich
name: Kasprowski, Daniel
name: Winges, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We construct an equivariant coarse homology theory arising from the algebraic $K$-theory of spherical group rings and use this theory to derive split injectivity results for associated assembly maps. On the way, we prove that the fundamental structural theorems for Waldhausen's algebraic $K$-theory functor carry over to its nonconnective counterpart defined by Blumberg--Gepner--Tabuada.
description: 41 pages
Pandinops bellicosus
Creators: name: Kovařík, František
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Scorpiones
Scorpionidae
Pandinops
Pandinops bellicosus

description: Pandinops bellicosus (L. Koch, 1875)
(Figs. 8, 61, 69)
 Heterometrus bellicosus L. Koch, 1875: 1–4, fig. 1.
 Pandinus (Heterometrus) bellicosus: Simon, 1910: 83.
 Pandinus bellicosus: Kraepelin, 1899: 121 (in part).
 Pandinus (Pandinurus) bellicosus: Vachon, 1974: 953; Fet, 2000: 470–471 (complete reference list until 2000).
 Pandinus (Pandinops) bellicosus: Kovařík, 2000: 4–6 (in part); Kovařík, 2009: 51, 116, figs. 294, 304– 308 (in part).
TYPE LOCALITY AND TYPE REPOSITORY. Ethiopia (now Eritrea), Habab (Habal - Massaua, see Kraepelin, 1899: 121), in description incorrectly gives Cairo, Egypt, ZMHB.
 TYPE MATERIAL EXAMINED. Eritrea, Habab, leg. Jickeli, 1♂ (holotype, Fig. 69 and figs. 304–305 in Kovařík, 2009: 116), ZMHB Nr. 2521.
 ADDITIONAL MATERIAL EXAMINED. "Abyssinia or Egypt", possibly Eritrea, 1898, 1♂ (Figs. 8 and 61), FKCP.
 DIAGNOSIS. Total length 80–95 mm. Color uniformly reddish black, legs and telson yellow (only old specimens preserved for more than 100 years in alcohol were studied). Carapace smooth in the middle, several granules sparsely along margins. External trichobothria on patella number 14–15 (5–6 eb, 3 esb, 2 em, 1 est, 3 et); ventral trichobothria on patella number 31–35; internal trichobothria on chela number 7 or 8, ventral trichobothria on chela number 11–12. Pedipalp chela hirsute rather densely. Pedipalp chela dorsally smooth to bumpy, without granules. Chela internal smooth with two longitudinal carinae rather smooth. Chela of male length/ width ratio is 1.72. Pectinal teeth number 19–21 in males, female unknown. Metasomal segments I–II ventrally smooth, III–V tuberculated with several granules on metasomal segment V only; two smooth ventral carinae on metasomal segments I–IV and one on segment V well developed. Spiniform formula of tarsomere II = 3/4: 3/4: 3/4-5: 3/4-5. Tarsomere II with 2 spines on inclined anteroventral surface. Length to width ratio of male metasomal segment V is 2.41.
 COMMENTS. Pandinops bellicosus is based on a male for which L. Koch (1875: 4) gives Cairo as the type locality. However, this provenance is erroneous (Simon, 1910: 83, Kraepelin, 1899: 121). No original label is attached to the holotype, instead it bears a label stating: holotype Pandinus bellicosus (L. Koch, 1875), Habab, Jickeli leg., Nr. 2521.
Trichobothrial pattern and spiniform formula of tarsomeres of legs are checked according to the additional male from FKCP.
description: Published as part of Kovařík, František, 2016, Scorpions of the Horn of Africa (Arachnida: Scorpiones). Part VIII. Pandinops Birula, 1913 (Scorpionidae) with description of two new species, pp. 1-20 in Euscorpius 229 on pages 2-4
High Energy X-Ray Emission in Clusters of Galaxies
Creators: name: Rephaeli, Yoel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations with the RXTE and SAX satellites have recently led to the measurement of a second component in the spectra of several clusters of galaxies which are known to have regions of extended radio emission. This new component is quite likely nonthermal emission resulting from Compton scattering of relativistic electrons by the cosmic microwave background. The nonthermal X-ray and radio measurements yield the values of the mean intracluster magnetic field, and relativistic electron density, for the first time in extragalactic environments. These results have important consequences on issues such as the origin of cosmic ray electrons and protons, their propagation modes in clusters, and the effects of these particles and magnetic fields on the intracluster gas. The observational results are reviewed, and some of their direct implications are discussed, along with near-future prospects for improved spectral and spatial measurements of nonthermal emission in clusters.
description: Invited review, proceedings of the Heidelberg Workshop `High Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy', 9 pages, 2 figures
Estimating the Irregular Migrant Population Through Social Media Surveys
Creators: name: Jasper, Tjaden
name: Rodríguez Sánchez, Alejandra
Publisher: name: Krems: University for  Continuing Education Krems (Danube University Krems)
Year: 2025
Subjects: Facebook
Digital Survey
Irregular Migration
US
List experiment

description: International migrants are a hard-to-reach population, which is often challenging to survey due to difficulties in capturing certain groups within standard sampling frames, such as population registers or censuses. Surveying irregular migrants is particularly complex given their heightened concerns about detection. In recent years, innovative approaches using social media platforms have shown promise in recruiting under-represented groups for online surveys. However, existing research has not systematically distinguished migrants by legal status, leaving unanswered questions about whether social media recruitment is a feasible and effective method for surveying irregular migrants.This Briefing Paper outlines the design and implementation of an online survey targeting Mexican and Venezuelan migrants in four U.S. states, recruited through targeted Facebook advertisements. We discuss findings related to implementation, sampling, coverage, and the elicitation of legal status, comparing methods such as direct questions and list experiments. Our results demonstrate that Facebook surveys are a feasible, low-cost, and rapid approach to recruiting sizable samples of international migrants, including irregular migrants. Furthermore, we find that list experiments yield less biased estimates of irregular status compared to direct questioning, particularly for Mexicans migrants. While our survey-based estimates of the proportion of irregular migrants align closely with existing estimates, we highlight challenges related to survey implementation and potential sample biases.
Shadow bands, gap and pseudogaps in high-T_c superconductors
Creators: name: Caprara, S.
name: Perali, A.
name: Sulpizi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the framework of the Charge Density Wave Quantum Critical Point (CDW-QCP) scenario for high-T_c superconductors (HTCS), we introduce a model for tight-binding electrons coupled to quasi-critical fluctuations. In the normal state our model reproduces features of the Fermi Surface (FS) observed in ARPES measurements on optimally doped Bi2212, such as the anisotropic suppression of spectral weight around the M points of the Brillouin zone. The spectral density is characterized by a transfer of spectral weight from the main quasi-particle peak to dispersing shadow peaks which originate branches of a shadow FS. In the superconducting state our model reproduces the d-wave symmetry of the gap parameter, which results from a balance between small-q attraction and large-q repulsion. The gap parameter is enhanced due to cooperative effects of charge and spin fluctuations.
description: 3 pages, 2 included figures, to be published on J. of Superconductivity, Vol. 12, n.1 (1999)
Fermion zero modes for the mixed-flux AdS$_3$ giant magnon
Creators: name: Varga, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explicitly construct the four and two fermion zero modes for the mixed-flux generalization of the Hofman-Maldacena giant magnon on two of the AdS$_3$ backgrounds with maximal amount of supersymmetry, AdS$_3 \times$S$^3 \times$T$^4$ and AdS$_3 \times$S$^3 \times$S$^3 \times$S$^1$. We also show how to get the $\mathfrak{psu}(1|1)^4$ and $\mathfrak{su}(1|1)^2$ superalgebras from the semiclassically quantized fermion zero modes.
description: 51 pages, 1 figure; references added, typos corrected, minor change to introduction
Additional file 3 of Transcriptomic analysis of paternal behaviors in prairie voles
Creators: name: Duclot, Florian
name: Liu, Yan
name: Saland, Samantha K.
name: Wang, Zuoxin
name: Kabbaj, Mohamed
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3. Behavioral bouts analysis. For each behavior scored, the duration of each bout was summarized by mean or median across the entire parental behavior test for each animal. Each data point represents a distinct animal, and the boxplots depict the median (thick horizontal line) and the 25th and 75th percentiles.
Nature of the $Y(4260)$: A light-quark perspective
Creators: name: Chen, Yun-Hua
name: Dai, Ling-Yun
name: Guo, Feng-Kun
name: Kubis, Bastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $Y(4260)$ has been one of the most puzzling pieces among the so-called $XYZ$ states. In this paper, we try to gain insights into the structure of the $Y(4260)$ from the light-quark perspective. We study the dipion invariant mass spectrum of the $e^+ e^- \to Y(4260) \to J/ψπ^+π^-$ process and the ratio of the cross sections ${σ(e^+e^- \to J/ψK^+ K^-)}/{σ(e^+e^- \to J/ψπ^+π^-)}$. In particular, we consider the effects of different light-quark SU(3) eigenstates inside the $Y(4260)$. The strong pion-pion final-state interactions as well as the $K\bar{K}$ coupled channel in the $S$-wave are taken into account in a model-independent way using dispersion theory. We find that the SU(3) octet state plays a significant role in these transitions, implying that the $Y(4260)$ contains a large light-quark component. Our findings suggest that the $Y(4260)$ is neither a hybrid nor a conventional charmonium state, and they are consistent with the $Y(4260)$ having a sizeable $\bar D D_1$ component which, however, is not completely dominant.
description: 22 pages, 5 figures
The Advanced Spectral Library (ASTRAL): Reference Spectra for Evolved M-Stars
Creators: name: Carpenter, Kenneth G.
name: Nielsen, Krister E.
name: Kober, Gladys V.
name: Ayres, Thomas R.
name: Wahlgren, Glenn M.
name: Rau, Gioia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The HST Treasury Program "Advanced Spectral Library Project: Cool Stars" was designed to collect representative, high quality ultraviolet spectra of eight evolved F-M type cool stars. The Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) echelle spectra of these objects enable investigations of a broad range of topics including stellar and interstellar astrophysics. This paper provides a guide to the spectra of the two evolved M-stars, the M2Iab supergiant Alpha Ori and the M3.4 giant Gamma Cru, with comparisons to the prototypical K1.5 giant Alpha Boo. It includes identifications of the significant atomic and molecular emission and absorption features and discusses the character of the photospheric and chromospheric continua and line spectra. The fluorescent processes responsible for a large portion of the emission line spectrum, the characteristics of the stellar winds, and the available diagnostics for hot and cool plasmas are also summarized. This analysis will facilitate the future study of the spectra, outer atmospheres, and winds, not only of these objects, but for numerous other cool, low-gravity stars for years to come.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Elecciones subnacionales en Chile 2024
Creators: name: Riquelme Parra, Susana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Elecciones
Chile
Subnacional

description: Riquelme Parra, Susana. 2025. Elecciones subnacionales en Chile 2024. México: Observatorio de Reformas Políticas en América Latina, IIJ-UNAM y Organización de los Estados Americanos (OEA).
Efficient Monte Carlo algorithm and high-precision results for percolation
Creators: name: Newman, M. E. J.
name: Ziff, R. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new Monte Carlo algorithm for studying site or bond percolation on any lattice. The algorithm allows us to calculate quantities such as the cluster size distribution or spanning probability over the entire range of site or bond occupation probabilities from zero to one in a single run which takes an amount of time scaling linearly with the number of sites on the lattice. We use our algorithm to determine that the percolation transition occurs at occupation probability 0.59274621(13) for site percolation on the square lattice and to provide clear numerical confirmation of the conjectured 4/3-power stretched-exponential tails in the spanning probability functions.
description: 8 pages, including 3 postscript figures, minor corrections in this version, plus updated figures for the position of the percolation transition
Pandinops eritreaensis
Creators: name: Kovařík, František
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Scorpiones
Scorpionidae
Pandinops
Pandinops eritreaensis

description: Pandinops eritreaensis (Kovařík, 2003)
(Figs. 1–4, 63, 69)
 Pandinus (Pandinops) eritreaensis Kovařík, 2003: 149– 150, fig. 16; Kovařík, 2009: 53, 117, figs. 295, 312– 316.
Type locality and type repository. Eritrea, Asmara env.; FKCP.
 TYPE MATERIAL EXAMINED. Eritrea, Asmara env., 1983, leg. Dorsak, 1♂ (holotype, Figs. 1–4, 63 and figs. 295, 312–316 in Kovařík, 2009: 117), FKCP.
 DIAGNOSIS. Male holotype 73 mm long. Base color uniformly brown to reddish brown. Carapace smooth in middle, several granules sparsely along margins. External trichobothria on patella number 14 (5 eb, 3 esb, 2 em, 1 est, 3 et); ventral trichobothria on patella number 26; internal trichobothria on chela number 6–7, ventral trichobothria on chela number 11–12. Pedipalp chela hirsute rather sparsely. Pedipalp chela dorsally tuberculated/granulated, lobe of manus smooth. Chela internal sparsely granulate and with 2 short keels, each with less than 10 granules. Chela of male lobate, length/ width ratio is 1.56. Pectinal teeth number 16 in male, female unknown. Metasomal segments I–II ventrally uneven but without granules, III–V granulated; metasomal segments I–IV with ventral carinae indicated only. Spiniform formula of tarsomere II = 3/4: 3/4: 3/5: 3/5.Tarsomere II with 2 spines on inclined anteroventral surface. Length to width ratio of male metasomal segment V is 2.
description: Published as part of Kovařík, František, 2016, Scorpions of the Horn of Africa (Arachnida: Scorpiones). Part VIII. Pandinops Birula, 1913 (Scorpionidae) with description of two new species, pp. 1-20 in Euscorpius 229 on page 6
JWST near-infrared spectroscopy of the Lucy Jupiter Trojan flyby targets: Evidence for OH absorption, aliphatic organics, and CO$_{2}$
Creators: name: Wong, Ian
name: Brown, Michael E.
name: Emery, Joshua P.
name: Binzel, Richard P.
name: Grundy, William M.
name: Marchi, Simone
name: Martin, Audrey C.
name: Noll, Keith S.
name: Sunshine, Jessica M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present observations obtained with the Near Infrared Spectrograph on JWST of the five Jupiter Trojans that will be visited by the Lucy spacecraft -- the Patroclus-Menoetius binary, Eurybates, Orus, Leucus, and Polymele. The measured 1.7-5.3 $μ$m reflectance spectra, which provide increased wavelength coverage, spatial resolution, and signal-to-noise ratio over previous ground-based spectroscopy, reveal several distinct absorption features. We detect a broad OH band centered at 3 $μ$m that is most prominent on the less-red objects Eurybates, Patroclus-Menoetius, and Polymele. An additional absorption feature at 3.3-3.6 $μ$m, indicative of aliphatic organics, is systematically deeper on the red objects Orus and Leucus. The collisional fragment Eurybates is unique in displaying an absorption band at 4.25 $μ$m that we attribute to bound or trapped CO$_2$. Comparisons with other solar system small bodies reveal broad similarities in the 2.7-3.6 $μ$m bands with analogous features on Centaurs, Kuiper belt objects (KBOs), and the active asteroid 238P. In the context of recent solar system evolution models, which posit that the Trojans initially formed in the outer solar system, the significant attenuation of the 2.7-3.6 $μ$m absorption features on Trojans relative to KBOs may be the result of secondary thermal processing of the Trojans' surfaces at the higher temperatures of the Jupiter region. The CO$_2$ band manifested on the surface of Eurybates suggests that CO$_2$ may be a major constituent in the bulk composition of Trojans, but resides in the subsurface or deeper interior and is largely obscured by refractory material that formed from the thermophysical processes that were activated during their inward migration.
description: Published in PSJ. 13 pages, 6 figures
Effects of spin on magnetized binary neutron star mergers and jet launching
Creators: name: Ruiz, Milton
name: Tsokaros, Antonios
name: Paschalidis, Vasileios
name: Shapiro, Stuart L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Events GW170817 and GRB 170817A provide the best confirmation so far that compact binary mergers where at least one of the companions is a neutron star (NS) can be the progenitors of short gamma-ray bursts (sGRBs). An open question for GW170817 remains the values and impact of the initial NS spins. The initial spins could possibly affect the remnant black hole (BH) mass and spin, the remnant disk and the formation and lifetime of a jet and its luminosity. Here we summarize our general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations of spinning, NS binaries undergoing merger and delayed collapse to a BH. The binaries consist of two identical NSs, modeled as $Γ=2$ polytropes, in quasicircular orbit, each with spins $χ_{\rm{NS}}=-0.053,\,0,\,0.24$, or $0.36$. The stars are endowed initially with a dipolar magnetic field extending from the interior into the exterior, as in a radio pulsar. Following merger, the redistribution of angular momentum by magnetic braking and magnetic turbulent viscosity in the hypermassive neutron star (HMNS) remnant, along with the loss of angular momentum due to gravitational radiation, induce the formation of a massive, nearly uniformly rotating inner core surrounded by a magnetized Keplerian disk-like envelope. The HMNS eventually collapses to a BH, with spin $a/M_{\rm BH} \simeq 0.78$ independent of the initial spin of the NSs, surrounded by a magnetized accretion disk. The larger the initial NS spin the heavier the disk. After $Δt\sim 3000-4000 M \sim 45-60(M_{\rm NS}/1.625M_\odot)\rm ms$ following merger, a mildly relativistic jet is launched. The lifetime of the jet [$Δt\sim 100-140(M_{\rm NS}/1.625M_\odot)\rm ms$] and its outgoing Poynting luminosity [$L_{\rm EM}\sim 10^{51.5\pm 1}\rm erg/s$] are consistent with typical sGRBs, as well as with the Blandford--Znajek mechanism for launching jets and their associated Poynting luminosities.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures. Matches published version. Simulations are available at http://research.physics.illinois.edu/cta/movies/NSNS_2018/
Stellar Encounters with the Beta Pictoris Planetesimal System
Creators: name: Kalas, Paul
name: Deltorn, Jean-Marc
name: Larwood, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use data from the Hipparcos Catalog and the Barbier-Brossat & Figon (2000) catalog of stellar radial velocities to test the hypothesis that the Beta Pic planetesimal disk was disrupted by a close stellar encounter. We trace the space motions of 21,497 stars and discover 18 that have passed within 5 pc of Beta Pic in the past 1 Myr. Beta Pic's closest encounter is with the K2III star HIP 27628 (0.6 pc), but dynamically the most important encounter is with the F7V star HIP 23693 (0.9 pc). We calculate the velocity and eccentricity changes induced by the 18 perturbations and conclude that they are dynamically significant if planetesimals exist in a Beta Pic Oort cloud. We provide a first-order estimate for the evolutionary state of a Beta Pic Oort cloud and conclude that the primary role of these stellar perturbations would be to help build a comet cloud rather than destroy a pre-existing structure. The stellar sample is 20% complete and motivates future work to identify less common close interactions that would significantly modify the observed circumstellar disk. For future radial velocity study we identify six stars in the Hipparcos Catalog that may have approached Beta Pic to within 0.1 pc and therefore remain as candidate disk perturbers.
description: 23 pages, 5 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJ
Pandinops peeli
Creators: name: Kovařík, František
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Scorpiones
Scorpionidae
Pandinops
Pandinops peeli

description: Pandinops peeli (Pocock, 1900)
(Figs. 66, 69)
 Pandinus peeli Pocock, 1900a: 53, fig. 2, plate IV.
 Pandinus (Pandinops) peeli: Birula, 1913: 419–422, fig. b; Vachon, 1974: 953; Fet, 2000: 469 (complete reference list until 2000); Kovařík, 2003: 150 (in part); Kovařík, 2009: 53, 118, figs. 321–322 (in part).
TYPE LOCALITY AND TYPE REPOSITORY. Somaliland, Berbera or Hargaisa, BMNH.
 TYPE MATERIAL EXAMINED. Somaliland, Berbera, 16. April 1895 or Hargaisa, 25.–28. April. 1895, leg. C. V. A. Peel, 1♂ (holotype, Fig. 66 and figs. 321–322 in Kovařík, 2009: 118), BMNH No. 1900.0.3.15.2.
DIAGNOSIS. Male holotype 88 mm long, female unknown. Base color uniformly reddish brown to black, legs and telson yellow. Carapace smooth in middle, several granules sparsely along margins only. Internal trichobothria on chela number 7, ventral trichobothria on chela number 9–11. Pedipalp chela hirsute rather sparsely. Pedipalp chela dorsally tuberculated, without pointed granules. Chela internal smooth with two longitudinal carinae indicated by 4–6 granules. Chela of male length/ width ratio is 1.65. Pectinal teeth number 15 in male, female unknown. Sternite VII bears numerous granules without carinae. Metasomal segments I–IV ventrally without carinae; segments I–V ventrally granulated, segments III–V more densely and intensively than in segments I–II. Length to width ratio of male metasomal segment V is 1.92.
description: Published as part of Kovařík, František, 2016, Scorpions of the Horn of Africa (Arachnida: Scorpiones). Part VIII. Pandinops Birula, 1913 (Scorpionidae) with description of two new species, pp. 1-20 in Euscorpius 229 on page 11
Pandinops pococki
Creators: name: Kovařík, František
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Scorpiones
Scorpionidae
Pandinops
Pandinops pococki

description: Pandinops pococki (Kovařík, 2000)
(Figs. 5–7, 67, 69)
 Pandinus (Pandinops) pococki Kovařík, 2000: 2–4, figs. 1–2; Kovařík, 2003: 151; Kovařík, 2009: 53, 118, figs. 297, 325–327.
TYPE LOCALITY AND TYPE REPOSITORY. Somalia, near Geriban; FKCP.
 TYPE MATERIAL EXAMINED. Somalia, near Geriban (Jirriiban), ca 7º20'N 48º39'E (in description coordinates given incorrectly), VI.1980, 1♂ (holotype, Figs. 5–7, 67), FKCP.
 DIAGNOSIS: Male holotype 93 mm long, female unknown. Base color uniformly reddish brown to black. Carapace covered by large granules, only middle part is smooth. External trichobothria on patella number 13–14 (5 eb, 2–3 esb, 2 em, 1 est, 3 et); ventral trichobothria on patella number 31–33; internal trichobothria on chela number 8, ventral trichobothria on chela number 12–13. Pedipalp chela hirsute densely. Pedipalp chela dorsally covered by tubercles/granules which locally indicated carinae but do not attain shape of pointed granules. Chela internal bumpy, sparsely granulated with two longitudinal carinae indicated by 8–10 granules. Chela of male length/ width ratio is 1.92. Pectinal teeth number 16–17 in male holotype, female unknown. Sternite VII bears numerous granules without carinae. Metasomal segments I–V ventrally densely granulated; metasomal segments I–IV ventrally without carinae. Spiniform formula of tarsomere II = 3/4: 3/4: 3/5: 3/5. Tarsomere II with 2 spines on inclined anteroventral surface. Length to width ratio of male metasomal segment V is 2.28.
description: Published as part of Kovařík, František, 2016, Scorpions of the Horn of Africa (Arachnida: Scorpiones). Part VIII. Pandinops Birula, 1913 (Scorpionidae) with description of two new species, pp. 1-20 in Euscorpius 229 on page 13
Search for axionlike dark matter with a liquid-state nuclear spin comagnetometer
Creators: name: Wu, Teng
name: Blanchard, John W.
name: Centers, Gary P.
name: Figueroa, Nataniel L.
name: Garcon, Antoine
name: Graham, Peter W.
name: Kimball, Derek F. Jackson
name: Rajendran, Surjeet
name: Stadnik, Yevgeny V.
name: Sushkov, Alexander O.
name: Wickenbrock, Arne
name: Budker, Dmitry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results of a search for axionlike dark matter using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques. This search is part of the multi-faceted Cosmic Axion Spin Precession Experiment (CASPEr) program. In order to distinguish axionlike dark matter from magnetic fields, we employ a comagnetometry scheme measuring ultralow-field NMR signals involving two different nuclei ($^{13}$C and $^{1}$H) in a liquid-state sample of acetonitrile-2-$^{13}$C ($^{13}$CH$_{3}$CN). No axionlike dark matter signal was detected above background. This result constrains the parameter space describing the coupling of the gradient of the axionlike dark matter field to nucleons to be $g_{aNN}<6\times 10^{-5}$ GeV$^{-1}$ (95$\%$ confidence level) for particle masses ranging from $10^{-22}$ eV to $1.3\times10^{-17}$ eV, improving over previous laboratory limits for masses below $10^{-21}$ eV. The result also constrains the coupling of nuclear spins to the gradient of the square of the axionlike dark matter field, improving over astrophysical limits by orders of magnitude over the entire range of particle masses probed.
In situ ultrasound enhancement of octanoic acid directional solvent extraction for seawater desalination
Creators: name: Basheer, Esmail A. M.
name: Mahmood, Wafaa K.
name: Abdulbari, Hayder A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Plant Biology

description: The low yield and high salinity of the water product have limited the use of directional solvent extraction desalination method to the treatment of only low salinity water. In this research, in situ ultrasound enhancement of octanoic acid solvent extraction desalination is reported. The pre-prepared 3.5% (w/w) of saltwater solution and octanoic acid were mixed at five different temperatures which resulted in two phases. The performance of extraction for each set was evaluated based on salinity, yield of the recovered water, and solvent residual in the product water. The calculated yield of pure water under the ultrasound effects was higher than that without the ultrasound. This is due to the role of ultrasound in weakening the intermolecular interaction to dissociate water from salt, increasing the solvent efficiency in extracting water. The recovered water salinity was lower by using the ultrasound which can be explained as result of increasing the water yield.
Imaging antiferromagnetic antiphase domain boundaries using magnetic Bragg diffraction phase contrast
Creators: name: Kim, Min Gyu
name: Miao, Hu
name: Gao, Bin
name: Cheong, S. -W.
name: Mazzoli, C.
name: Barbour, A.
name: Hu, Wen
name: Wilkins, S. B.
name: Robinson, I. K.
name: Dean, M. P. M
name: Kiryukhin, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Manipulating magnetic domains is essential for many technological applications. Recent breakthroughs in Antiferromagnetic Spintronics brought up novel concepts for electronic device development. Imaging antiferromagnetic domains is of key importance to this field. Unfortunately, some of the basic domain types, such as antiphase domains, cannot be imaged by conventional techniques. Herein, we present a new domain projection imaging technique based on the localization of domain boundaries by resonant magnetic diffraction of coherent x rays. Contrast arises from reduction of the scattered intensity at the domain boundaries due to destructive interference effects. We demonstrate this approach by imaging antiphase domains in a collinear antiferromagnet Fe2Mo3O8, and observe evidence of domain wall interaction with a structural defect. This technique does not involve any numerical algorithms. It is fast, sensitive, produces large-scale images in a single-exposure measurement, and is applicable to a variety of magnetic domain types.
Time evolution of the Partridge-Barton Model
Creators: name: Onody, Roberto N.
name: de Medeiros, Nazareno G. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantitative Biology (q-bio)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The time evolution of the Partridge-Barton model in the presence of the pleiotropic constraint and deleterious somatic mutations is exactly solved for arbitrary fecundity in the context of a matricial formalism. Analytical expressions for the time dependence of the mean survival probabilities are derived. Using the fact that the asymptotic behavior for large time $t$ is controlled by the largest matrix eigenvalue, we obtain the steady state values for the mean survival probabilities and the Malthusian growth exponent. The mean age of the population exhibits a $t^{-1}$ power law decayment. Some Monte Carlo simulations were also performed and they corroborated our theoretical results.
description: 10 pages, Latex, 1 postscript figure, published in Phys. Rev. E 61, 5664 (2000)
Enhancing crystal structure prediction by combining computational and experimental data via graph networks
Creators: name: Qin, Chenglong
name: Liu, Jinde
name: Ma, Shiyin
name: Du, Jiguang
name: Jiang, Gang
name: Zhao, Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Crystal structure prediction (CSP) stands as a powerful tool in materials science, driving the discovery and design of innovative materials. However, existing CSP methods heavily rely on formation enthalpies derived from density functional theory (DFT) calculations, often overlooking differences between DFT and experimental values. Moreover, material synthesis is intricately influenced by factors such as kinetics and experimental conditions. To overcome these limitations, a novel collaborative approach was proposed for CSP that combines DFT with experimental data, utilizing advanced deep learning models and optimization algorithms. We illustrate the capability to predict formation enthalpies that closely align with actual experimental observations through the transfer learning on experimental data. By incorporating experimental synthesizable information of crystals, our model is capable of reverse engineering crystal structures that can be synthesized in experiments. Applying the model to 17 representative compounds, the results indicate that the model can accurately identify experimentally synthesized structures with high precision. Moreover, the obtained formation enthalpies and lattice constants closely align with experimental values, underscoring the model's effectiveness. The synergistic approach between theoretical and experimental data bridges the longstanding disparities between theoretical predictions and experimental results, thereby alleviating the demand for extensive and costly experimental trials.
Modeling Penetration of Self-Burrowing Impactor Probes into Granular Regolith Using the Cavity Expansion Theory
Creators: name: Mahdi, Alaei Varnosfaderania
name: Maghoul, Pooneh
name: Wu, N.
Publisher: name: The Biot-Bazant Conference
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 90501 Civil Geotechnical Engineering
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: This publication is part of the proceedings of the Biot-Bažant Conference on Engineering Mechanics and Physics of Porous Materials, which took place virtually on June 1-3, 2021. It contains a one-page abstract and the video of the talk that was given at the conference.
Le phénomène d'accaparement des terres agricoles et ses incidences sur la situation socio-économique des pays africains
Creators: name: TRAORE, Adama O
name: OUONOGO, Souleymane
name: TEME, Aminata
name: SANOGO, Boubacar
name: SOUNTOURA, Lansine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Accaparement des terres ; communautés paysannes ; investisseurs étrangers, sécurité alimentaire ; pays en développement ; pays développés.

description: Le phénomène d’accaparement des terres est une préoccupation qui est à la croisée des chemins. Depuis quelques années et plus particulièrement depuis la crise financière de 2008, l’accaparement des terres agricoles dans le monde s’est amplifié au point de devenir une calamité pour bien des communautés paysannes. Entre 2000 et 2010, près de deux cent millions d’hectares de terres auraient été accaparés, c’est à dire loués ou achetés pour une bouchée de pain quand ils n’ont pas été simplement volés aux paysans avec la complicité des gouvernements locaux. A ce rythme, il est évident que la terre sera l’enjeu des prochains affrontements. C’est même le cas actuellement dans certains pays africains. L’objectif de cet article est d’examiner les avantages et les inconvénients de l’accaparement des terres agricoles dans les pays africains. A l’aide d’une méthode documentaire, il ressort que la vente des terres agricoles a des incidences positives sur le développement et la lutte contre la pauvreté d’une part et d’autre part, des incidences négatives sur le développement et la lutte contre la pauvreté en Afrique.
Gravitational Settling of 22Ne in Liquid White Dwarf Interiors
Creators: name: Bildsten, Lars
name: Hall, David M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nuclear reactions that occur in the stellar progenitors of white dwarfs (WDs) lead to an internal composition of 12C, 16O, and a ``contaminant'' nucleus, 22Ne. The 22Ne is produced by helium captures on 14N left from hydrogen burning via the CNO cycle. By virtue of its two excess neutrons (relative to the predominant A=2Z nuclei), a downward force of 2m_pg is exerted on 22Ne in the WD interior. This biases its diffusive equilibrium, forcing 22Ne to settle towards the center of the WD. We discuss the physics of the gravitational settling when the WD is in the liquid state and the luminosity generated by it. This modifies the cooling of WD's with masses in excess of a solar mass. The current uncertainties in the microphysics even allow for solutions where a 1.2M_\odot WD remains mostly liquid for a few Gyrs due to the internal heating from 22Ne sedimentation. This highlights the need for an accurate calculation of the inter-diffusion coefficient, especially in the quantum liquid regime relevant for high mass WD's. There is also time in old, liquid WD's (such as those found in cataclysmic variables and possibly in accreting Type Ia progenitors) for partial settling.
description: To Appear in Ap. J. Letters, 6 pages, 2 figures