cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
DNA uptake specificity of Haemophilus influenzae
Creators: name: Poje, Grant Alexander
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: DNA binding and uptake by the naturally transformable Gram-negative bacterium Haemophilus influenzae Rd has been studied for over twenty years. It is well characterized that H. influenzae cells preferentially bind and take up DNA from their own species. This preferential uptake is dependent on the ability of cells to recognize a 9-base pair uptake signal sequence (USS), 5 ' - AAGTGCGGT, in the DNA molecule. Genomic analysis has shown that there are 1465 copies of the 9-base pair uptake sites. Further analysis revealed an extended consensus region of 29 base pairs which includes the core region and two down stream 6-base pair A/T-rich regions, each spaced about one helix turn apart. To determine properties of the DNA molecule that, in addition to the presence of the USS, are necessary for uptake by H. influenzae I designed oligonucleotides with variations in the regions flanking the core USS. Oligonucleotides were varied in both the length and base composition of 3' and 5' flanking sequences. I showed that nucleotides 5' to the USS are required for high levels of binding and uptake of DNA. Also, I showed that both length and base composition of the 3' flanking region greatly affect binding and uptake. If sequence 3' to the USS is G/C rich, uptake proceeds at a very low level. However, if DNA lacks a 3' sequence, both binding and uptake are abolished. Based on these findings I propose a speculative model of how cells bind and take up DNA in a sequence specific manner. I attempt with this model to supplement other proposed models which do not address the initial steps of binding and uptake by H. influenzae. A second goal of m y research was to isolate the receptor that allows competent cell to preferentially bing and take up sequence specific DNA. The method I used was UV laser crosslinking. Conditions used in crosslinking experiments were varied including the time of incubation of DNA and cells, the presence and absence of competing DNAs and attachment of bulky groups to the DNA to prevent uptake. Following many attempts to isolate the receptor I concluded that under the conditions used, it was impossible to isolate the receptor using laser crosslinking.
Anti-inflammatory activity of hydrosols from Tetragonia tetragonoides in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells
Creators: name: Ko, Eun-Yi
name: Cho, Su-Hyeon
name: Kang, Kyungpil
name: Kim, Gibeom
name: Lee, Ji-Hyeok
name: Jeon, You-Jin
name: Kim, Daekyung
name: Ahn, Ginnae
name: Kim, Kil-Nam
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Tetragonia tetragonoides
subject: hydrosols
subject: anti-inflammatory
subject: NF- κB
subject: MAPKs
subject: 610

description: The present study was performed to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of Tetragonia tetragonoides hydro- sols (TTH) and its underlying mechanism in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Gas chromatog- raphy (GC) coupled with mass spectrometry and retention index calculations showed that TTH were mainly com- posed of tetratetracontane (29.5 %), nonacosane (27.6 %), and oleamide (17.1 %). TTH significantly decreased the production of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Consistent with these observations, TTH treatment decreased the protein expression levels of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). The molecular mechanism of its anti-inflamma- tory activity was found to be associated with inhibition of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of NF-κB 65. Furthermore, TTH markedly suppressed the LPS-induced phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Taken together, these data indicate that TTH exerts an anti-inflam- matory activity by inhibiting the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 16 2017
Diffractive Dijet Photoproduction
Creators: name: Klasen, M.
name: Kramer, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have calculated diffractive dijet production in deep-inelastic scattering (DIS) at low-Q^2 and next-to-leading order (NLO) of perturbative QCD, including contributions from direct and resolved photons. We study how the cross section depends on the factorization scheme and scale M_γat the virtual photon vertex for the occurance of factorization breaking. The strong M_γ-dependence, which is present when only the resolved cross section is suppressed, is tamed by intodrucing the suppression also in the initial-state NLO correction of the direct part.
description: Talk presented at DIS 2005, 5 pages, 2 figures
Pragmatic aspects of wh-interrogatives in Marzahn German
Creators: name: Gartner, Hans-Martin
name: Pankau, Andreas
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: wh-interrogatives
subject: Marzahn German
subject: division of pragmatic labor
subject: 400 Sprache::410 Linguistik::410 Linguistik

description: The following paper deals with the division of pragmatic labor between two types of wh-interrogatives in Marzahn German (MG). Use of the first type, marked by the enclitic particle n ([n-int]), is near obligatory for and confined to canonical, i.e., information-seeking question acts. The second type, lacking n ([∅-int]), has to be employed in non-canonical questions, such as rhetorical ones. This pattern of apparent markedness-reversal challenges the pretense-based approach to exam questions by Plunze and Zimmermann (2006) (Section 2) and plausibilizes an approach to information-seeking questions in terms of social cost in the sense of Levinson (2012) (Section 3.1). Overall empirical evidence, however, favors an account of n-marking as reinforcement of question act defaults in line with Farkas (2022) (Section 3.2). Section 5 offers a formulation of reinforcement in terms of the "table model" of discourse (Farkas 2022), such that the peculiar status of MG [n-int] follows from the prohibition of contextually overriding "basic conventional discourse effects". In the course of the above discussion, we will scrutinize different notions of interrogative sentential force (Sections 1, 2, 5), illustrate the form and workings of several types of non-canonical questions (guess, rhetorical, echo etc.), and analyze question use in the light of institutional settings and interpersonal effects (3.3).
Εκτίμηση επιπτώσεων από διάθεση απορριμμάτων εξοπλισμού μερών Α/Γ μετά το πέρας ζωής τους
Creators: name: Γιαννοπούλου, Ασημένια
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ανεμογεννήτριες
subject: Διάθεση απορριμμάτων μερών ανεμογεννητριών
subject: Περιβαλλοντικό αντίκτυπο
subject: Σύνθετα υλικά πτερυγίων
subject: Ανακύκλωση

description: Η αιολική ενέργεια αναπτύσσεται ραγδαία τις δύο τελευταίες δεκαετίες στην Ευρώπη, καθιστώντας τις ανεμογεννήτριες (Α/Γ) μία από τις πιο φιλικές προς το περιβάλλον τεχνολογίες ανανεώσιμων πηγών ενέργειας, ανταποκρινόμενη στην ανησυχία χρήσης συμβατικών καυσίμων και στην αυξανόμενη ζήτηση για ηλεκτρική ενέργεια. Η πρώτη γενιά των Α/Γ φτάνει στο τέλος της λειτουργικής ζωής και θα αντικατασταθεί από καινούριες Α/Γ, ενώ η συνεχής αύξηση χρόνο με το χρόνο των αιολικών πάρκων και επομένως των Α/Γ, οδηγεί σε ολοένα και μεγαλύτερη χρήση πόρων. Ωστόσο, η ανησυχία επικεντρώνεται στα απόβλητα που προκύπτουν μετά το τέλος ζωής των A/Γ και στο περιβαλλοντικό αντίκτυπο από τη διάθεση αυτών των αποβλήτων. Για το λόγο αυτό κρίνεται αναγκαία η σωστή διαχείριση των αποβλήτων. Το μέγεθος των αποβλήτων από μία Α/Γ προκύπτει και από την κατασκευή και παραγωγή της, έτσι ώστε μετά το τέλος του κύκλου ζωής τα μέρη μίας Α/Γ να μην απορρίπτονται, αλλά να επαναχρησιμοποιούνται ή να ανακυκλώνονται στο μεγαλύτερο δυνατό βαθμό, μειώνοντας την ποσότητα των αποβλήτων, αλλά και την ανάγκη για χρήση εκ νέου παρθένων υλικών. Σκοπός της εργασίας είναι η καταγραφή των τρεχόντων πρακτικών διάθεσης των μερών των Α/Γ στο τελευταίο στάδιο του κύκλου ζωής τους (παροπλισμός και διάθεση απορριμμάτων εξοπλισμού μερών Α/Γ), εστιάζοντας στα πτερύγια των Α/Γ όπου εντοπίζονται οι μεγαλύτερες δυσκολίες, και η εκτίμηση των περιβαλλοντικών επιπτώσεων στο στάδιο αυτό μέσω της ανασκόπησης μελετών στη βιβλιογραφία, καθώς και η καταγραφή εναλλακτικών τεχνολογιών ανακύκλωσης που είναι υπό ανάπτυξη για τη βελτίωση της κυκλικότητας.
Clinical significance of NCOA5 gene rs2903908 polymorphism in Behçet`s disease
Creators: name: Rustemoglu, Aydin
name: Erkol Inal, Esra
name: Inanir, Ahmet
name: Ekinci, Duygu
name: Gul, Ulker
name: Yigit, Serbulent
name: Ates, Omer
name: Karakus, Nevin
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Behçet’s disease
subject: NCOA5
subject: rs2903908
subject: uveitis
subject: 610

description: Behçet’s disease (BD) is an autoimmune multisystemic disease. The precise etiology of BD is not fully understood; however, it is thought that interactions between genetic and environmental factors play an essential role in its pathogenesis. The nuclear receptor coactivator-5 (NCOA5) gene encodes a coregulator for nuclear receptor sub- family 1 group D member 2 (NR1D2) and estrogen receptor 1 and 2 (ESR1 and ESR2). Also, the NCOA5 gene insufficiency leads to an elevated expression of IL-6, and increased levels of IL-6 were found to be related to the pathogenesis of BD. In this study, we aimed to clarify the impact of the NCOA5 rs2903908 polymorphism on susceptibility and clinical findings of BD. This study included 671 participants (300 BD patients and 371 healthy controls). The analyses of NCOA5 rs2903908 polymorphism was performed by using the TaqMan allelic discrim- ination assay. The frequency of TT genotype of the NCOA5 rs2903908 polymorphism was found significantly higher in BD patients compared to those in healthy controls (p=0.016, OR=1.46, 95 % CI=1.08–1.99). Also, the frequencies of CT genotype was observed significantly higher in BD patients with genital ulceration and uveitis than without genital ulceration and uveitis (p=0.002 and p=0.005, respectively). The most significant association was found between C allele frequencies of BD patients with and without uveitis (p=0.0001). Our study represents e first time that the NCOA5 rs2903908 polymorphism seemed to be linked to BD susceptibility and clinical findings.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 16 2017
Categorical Perception: A Groundwork for Deep Learning
Creators: name: Bonnasse-Gahot, Laurent
name: Nadal, Jean-Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A well-known perceptual consequence of categorization in humans and other animals, called categorical perception, is notably characterized by a within-category compression and a between-category separation: two items, close in input space, are perceived closer if they belong to the same category than if they belong to different categories. Elaborating on experimental and theoretical results in cognitive science, here we study categorical effects in artificial neural networks. We combine a theoretical analysis that makes use of mutual and Fisher information quantities, and a series of numerical simulations on networks of increasing complexity. These formal and numerical analyses provide insights into the geometry of the neural representation in deep layers, with expansion of space near category boundaries and contraction far from category boundaries. We investigate categorical representation by using two complementary approaches: one mimics experiments in psychophysics and cognitive neuroscience by means of morphed continua between stimuli of different categories, while the other introduces a categoricality index that, for each layer in the network, quantifies the separability of the categories at the neural population level. We show on both shallow and deep neural networks that category learning automatically induces categorical perception. We further show that the deeper a layer, the stronger the categorical effects. As an outcome of our study, we propose a coherent view of the efficacy of different heuristic practices of the dropout regularization technique. More generally, our view, which finds echoes in the neuroscience literature, insists on the differential impact of noise in any given layer depending on the geometry of the neural representation that is being learned, i.e. on how this geometry reflects the structure of the categories.
Innovating Imihigo: a decentralisation and indigenous governance mechanism in Rwanda
Creators: name: Sabbi, Matthew
name: Ndikubwimana, Jean-Baptiste
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Decentralisation
subject: cultural innovation
subject: Imihigo
subject: performance-inducing mechanism
subject: Rwanda
subject: Décentralisation
subject: innovation culturelle
subject: mécanisme d’incitation à la performance
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::300 Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie::301 Soziologie, Anthropologie

description: Imihigo, Rwanda’s flagship performance barometer, is praised for its cultural innovation while being criticised for instrumentalising the regime’s international credibility. Both views gloss over several thematic points, including the strategic self-criticism Imihigo affords. We triangulate fieldwork data collected from local government actors and non-state agents in four districts with secondary data to analyse the quotidian strategies undergirding the spread of, and governance responses to, Imihigo. Our analysis demonstrates three key points. First, the decentralisation reform offers the requisite institutional backdrop for officials to articulate Imihigo as a cultural innovation for local governance and regime legitimacy. The state’s reasonable support for Imihigo incentivises local service delivery, although this is used by the regime to control the local arena. Consequentially, Rwandans’ interest in Imihigo frames a forum for official criticism. Our study shows a paradoxical use of cultural and modern norms for contemporary governance through a strong state committed to producing results.
description: L’Imihigo, le baromètre de performance phare du Rwanda, est loué pour son innovation culturelle tout en étant critiqué pour instrumentaliser la crédibilité internationale du gouvernement. Les deux points de vue passent sous silence plusieurs points thématiques, notamment l’autocritique stratégique que permet l’Imihigo. Nous triangulons les données collectées sur le terrain auprès d'acteurs des gouvernements locaux et d’agents non-étatiques dans quatre districts, avec des données secondaires, afin d’analyser les stratégies quotidiennes qui sous-tendent la propagation de l’Imihigo et les réponses apportées par la gouvernance à ce phénomène. Notre analyse met en évidence trois points essentiels. Premièrement la réforme de la décentralisation offre le cadre institutionnel nécessaire pour que les fonctionnaires puissent présenter l’Imihigo comme une innovation culturelle pour la gouvernance locale et la légitimité du régime en place. Le soutien raisonnable de l’État à l’Imihigo encourage la prestation de services locaux, bien que le régime s’en serve pour contrôler la scène locale. En conséquence, l'intérêt des Rwandais pour l'Imihigo forme un forum pour une critique officielle. Notre étude montre néanmoins une utilisation paradoxale des normes culturelles et modernes pour une gouvernance contemporaine à travers un État fort engagé sur la production de résultats.
Psychological stress has a higher rate of developing addictive behaviors compared to physical stress in rat offspring
Creators: name: Nazeri, Masoud
name: Ebrahimi, Arezoo
name: Aghaei, Iraj
name: Ghotbi Ravandi, Samaneh
name: Shabani, Mohammad
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: prenatal stress
subject: physical stress
subject: psychological stress
subject: morphine preference
subject: anxiety-like behavior
subject: 610

description: Prenatal stress could have great influence on development of offspring and might alter cognitive function and other physiological processes of children. The current study was conducted to study the effect of physical or psychological prenatal stress on addictive and anxiety-like behavior of male and female offspring during their adolescence period (postnatal day (PND) 40). Adult female rats were exposed to physical (swimming) or psychological (observing another female rat swimming) stress from day six of gestation for 10 days. Male and female offspring were assayed for anxiety-like behavior, motor and balance function and morphine conditioned place preference using the open field, elevated plus maze (EPM), rotarod and wire grip assay and conditioned place preference. Offspring in both physical and psychological prenatal stress groups demonstrated significant increase in anxiety-like behavior in EPM paradigm, but no alterations were observed in motor and balance function of animals. Offspring in the psychological prenatal stress group had an increased preference for morphine in comparison to control and physical prenatal stress groups. Results of the current study demonstrated that animals exposed to psychological stress during fetal development are at a higher risk of developing addictive behaviors. Further research might elucidate the exact mechanisms involved to provide better preventive and therapeutic interventions.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 16 2017
Interacting fermions in two dimensions: beyond the perturbation theory
Creators: name: Gangadharaiah, S.
name: Maslov, D. L.
name: Chubukov, A. V.
name: Glazman, L. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a system of 2D fermions with short-range interaction. A straightforward perturbation theory is shown to be ill-defined even for an infinitesimally weak interaction, as the perturbative series for the self-energy diverges near the mass shell. We show that the divergences result from the interaction of fermions with the zero-sound collective mode. By re-summing the most divergent diagrams, we obtain a closed form of the self-energy near the mass shell. The spectral function exhibits a threshold feature at the onset of the emission of the zero-sound waves. We also show that the interaction with the zero sound does not affect a non-analytic, $T^{2}$-part of the specific heat.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Pressure-robust approximation of the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations in a rotating frame of reference
Creators: name: Demir, Medine
name: John, Volker
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Navier–Stokes equations in rotating frame of reference
subject: Coriolis force
subject: Scott–Vogelius pairs of finite element spaces
subject: Pressure-robust error estimate
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::510 Mathematik::510 Mathematik

description: A pressure-robust space discretization of the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations in a rotating frame of reference is considered. The discretization employs divergence-free, -conforming mixed finite element methods like Scott–Vogelius pairs. An error estimate for the velocity is derived that tracks the dependency of the error bound on the coefficients of the problem, in particular on the angular velocity. Numerical examples support the theoretical results.
Γεωπολιτική αναμέτρηση στη στέγη της γης
Creators: name: Χατζηαποστολάκης, Παναγιώτης
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Αρκτικός κύκλος
subject: Τήξη των πάγων
subject: Ισχύς
subject: Ενέργεια
subject: Διεθνής ασφάλεια
subject: Φυσικός πλούτος Αρκτικής
subject: Κλιματική αλλαγή
subject: Δίλημμα ασφαλείας

description: Αρκτικός κύκλος, μία περιοχή της γης όπου καθ’ όλη την διάρκεια της εξέλιξης του ανθρώπινου είδους υπήρξε ανέγγιχτη και γαλήνια, λόγω κυρίως των ακραίων καιρικών συνθηκών και των χαμηλών θερμοκρασιών που επικρατούν σε αυτή, ξαφνικά γίνεται το επίκεντρο του ενδιαφέροντος των μεγάλων δυνάμεων και όχι μόνο. Η ανάπτυξη μεγάλου ενδιαφέροντος οφείλεται στα ενεργειακά κοιτάσματα και στους φυσικούς πόρους που υπάρχουν σε μεγάλα αποθέματα στην περιοχή. Όλος αυτός ο τεράστιος ορυκτός πλούτος που για εκατοντάδες εκατομμύρια χρόνια ήταν ανεκμετάλλευτος, με το λιώσιμο των πάγων γίνεται προσβάσιμος και εκμεταλλεύσιμος. Παρόλα αυτά, το λιώσιμο των πάγων, η μεγάλη και απότομη περιβαλλοντική αλλαγή, ο υπέρογκος φυσικός πλούτος που γίνεται προσβάσιμος, σε συνοδεία με τα συμφέροντα και τις σχέσεις των κρατών της περιοχής και όχι μόνον, η καταπίεση των αυτοχθόνων λαών, δημιουργούν ένα συνονθύλευμα αιτίου και αιτιατού και καθιστούν τον Αρκτικό κύκλο ένα νέο αναδυόμενο ζήτημα Διεθνούς Ασφάλειας στην παγκόσμια σκακιέρα. Βασικός στόχος της παρούσας εργασίας είναι να εξακριβωθεί, μέσα από την επιστημονική ανάλυση όλων αυτών των ζητημάτων, εάν αυτά τα αμφιλεγόμενα θέματα που αναδύονται με το λιώσιμο πάγων στην περιοχή του Αρκτικού Κύκλου αποτελούν ζήτημα Διεθνούς Ασφάλειας η όχι.
Geometric conditions for saturating the data processing inequality
Creators: name: Cree, Sam
name: Sorce, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The data processing inequality (DPI) is a scalar inequality satisfied by distinguishability measures on density matrices. For some distinguishability measures, saturation of the scalar DPI implies an operator equation relating the arguments of the measure. These results are typically derived using functional analytic techniques. In a complementary approach, we use geometric techniques to derive a formula that gives an operator equation from DPI saturation for any distinguishability measure; moreover, for a broad class of distinguishability measures, the derived operator equation is sufficient to imply saturation as well. Our operator equation coincides with known results for the sandwiched Rényi relative entropies, and gives new results for $α$-$z$ Rényi relative entropies and a family of of quantum $f$-divergences, which we compute explicitly.
description: 13 pages + 2 pages appendices; v2 contains some small corrections, additional pedagogical explanations, and is published in J. Phys. A: Math. Theor (2022)
Συνταξιοδότηση και θνησιμότητα στα ευρωπαϊκά συστήματα κοινωνικής πρόνοιας το 2017
Creators: name: Λιβαδάς, Παναγιώτης
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Συστήματα κοινωνικής πρόνοιας
subject: Συνταξιοδότηση
subject: Συστήματα συνταξιοδότησης
subject: Θνησιμότητα
subject: Αιτίες θανάτων
subject: Γήρανση του πληθυσμού
subject: Μελλοντικές τάσεις της γήρανσης του πληθυσμού
subject: Μοντέλα παλινδρόμησης
subject: Πρόωρη συνταξιοδότηση
subject: Ηλικία συνταξιοδότησης
subject: Κατάσταση υγείας

description: Η συνταξιοδότηση αποτελεί ένα πολύ σημαντικό ζήτημα για τους περισσότερους ανθρώπους στην σημερινή εποχή. Αποτελεί κύριο θέμα συζήτησης σε όλο τον κόσμο καθώς, ένα πλήθος παραγόντων, όπως η ταχεία γήρανση του πληθυσμού οδηγεί σε πίεση τα συστήματα κοινωνικής πρόνοιας αφού πρέπει να ληφθούν αποφάσεις για την βιωσιμότητα τους. Ακόμη, σχετικά με την συνταξιοδότηση, υπάρχει έντονο ενδιαφέρον για την επίδραση που έχει στην υγεία του ατόμου και κατά επέκταση ποια είναι η συσχέτιση της με την θνησιμότητα. Στην παρούσα εργασία θα μελετήσουμε την επίδραση που έχει η συνταξιοδότηση αλλά και ένα άλλο πλήθος παραγόντων στην θνησιμότητα. Για την πραγματοποίηση της μελέτης θα γίνει χρήση στοιχείων από το έκτο κύμα της έρευνας SHARE που πραγματοποιήθηκε το 2015, ενώ θα ληφθούν υπόψιν οι θάνατοι που συνέβησαν μέσα στα επόμενα δύο έτη, δηλαδή μέχρι το έβδομο κύμα το 2017.
Consistently recovering the signal from noisy functional data
Creators: name: Hörmann, Siegfried
name: Jammoul, Fatima
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In practice most functional data cannot be recorded on a continuum, but rather at discrete time points. It is also quite common that these measurements come with an additive error, which one would like eliminate for the statistical analysis. When the measurements for each functional datum are taken on the same grid, the underlying signal-plus-noise model can be viewed as a factor model. The signals refer to the common components of the factor model, the noise is related to the idiosyncratic components. We formulate a framework which allows to consistently recover the signal by a PCA based factor model estimation scheme. Our theoretical results hold under rather mild conditions, in particular we don't require specific smoothness assumptions for the underlying curves and allow for a certain degree of autocorrelation in the noise.
Explicit Fermi Coordinates and Tidal Dynamics in de Sitter and Goedel Spacetimes
Creators: name: Chicone, C.
name: Mashhoon, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fermi coordinates are directly constructed in de Sitter and Goedel spacetimes and the corresponding exact coordinate transformations are given explicitly. The quasi-inertial Fermi coordinates are then employed to discuss the dynamics of a free test particle in these spacetimes and the results are compared to the corresponding generalized Jacobi equations that contain only the lowest-order tidal terms. The domain of validity of the generalized Jacobi equation is thus examined in these cases. Furthermore, the difficulty of constructing explicit Fermi coordinates in black-hole spacetimes is demonstrated.
description: 23 pages, 3 figures; v2: expanded version (27 pages, 3 figures)
MicroRNA expression analysis in endometriotic serum treated mesenchymal stem cells
Creators: name: Abdel-Rasheed, Mazen
name: Nour Eldeen, Ghada
name: Mahmoud, Marwa
name: ElHefnawi, Mahmoud
name: Abu-Shahba, Nourhan
name: Reda, Mohamed
name: Elsetohy, Khaled
name: Nabil, Michael
name: Elnoury, Amr
name: Taha, Tamer
name: Azmy, Osama
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: endometriosis
subject: mesenchymal stem cells
subject: miRNA expression
subject: differentiation
subject: 610

description: Endometriosis is defined by presence of endometrial-like-tissue outside the uterus. Recently, ectopic endometriotic lesions have been suggested to originate by abnormal differentiation of endometrial mesenchymal stem cells (eMSCs). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in the pathophysiology of endometriosis. Through a PCR array approach, we aimed to assess the differential expression of microRNAs in human eMSC treated in culture with sera derived from women with severe endometriosis. Sera were collected from five patients with severe endometriosis and three control women and added individually in the culture medium to conduct experimental and control eMSC sets, respectively. Regular microscopic follow-up for cell morphology was performed. SYBR Green based real-time PCR array was used to assess the expression of 84 miRNAs. Bioinformatics analysis was done to predict the target genes of the significantly dysregulated miRNAs and their enriched biological processes and pathways. Thirty-two miRNAs were found significantly dysregulated in experimental cultures. Functional enrichment analysis revealed several endometriosis associated biological processes and pathways were enriched by target genes of these miRNAs. In conclusion, treatment of human eMSCs with sera of severe endometriosis cases affects the expression of certain miRNAs and their target genes. This may result in altering cell functions and consequently, endometriosis development.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 16 2017
Unconventional strongly interacting Bose-Einstein condensates in optical lattices
Creators: name: Kuklov, A. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Feschbach resonances in a non-s-wave channel of two-component bosonic mixtures can induce atomic Bose Einstein condensates with a non-zero orbital momentum in the optical lattice, if one component is in the Mott insulator state and the other is not. Such non-s-wave condensates break the symmetry of the lattice and, in some cases, time-reversal symmetry. They can be revealed in specific absorption imaging patterns.
description: Replaced with revised version. References are added
title: Ανάπτυξη διαδικτυακής εφαρμογής για την διαχείριση κρατήσεων χώρων εκδηλώσεων
title: Development of web application for managing event reservations
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Αλετρά, Αθανασία
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: C#
subject: SQL
subject: ASP.NET
subject: Managing event reservations
subject: Διαχείριση κρατήσεων χώρων

description: Η συγκεκριμένη εργασία επικεντρώνεται στην κατασκευή μιας διαδραστικής σελίδας με αίθουσες προς κράτηση για διεξαγωγή σεμιναρίων και εκδηλώσεων σε αυτές. Στη σελίδα που θα παρουσιάσουμε οι χρήστες διαχωρίζονται ανάλογα με το ρόλο και τα δικαιώματά τους, οι αίθουσες έχουν διαφορετικά χαρακτηριστικά ως προς τη χωρητικότητα, την ονομασία και τη θέση τους, ενώ η δημιουργία ή/και επεξεργασία των εκδηλώσεων στις διάφορες αίθουσες γίνεται με δυναμικό τρόπο, συνδέοντας σε επίπεδο κώδικα τις ενέργειες των διαφόρων τύπων χρηστών με τις αίθουσες και τοποθετώντας το αποτέλεσμα αυτών των ενεργειών σε ένα δυναμικό και διαδραστικό ημερολόγιο, όπου κάθε συμβάν καταλαμβάνει τη θέση που αντιστοιχεί. Στη λειτουργικότητα της σελίδας έχει ενσωματωθεί μια σειρά δυνατοτήτων ελέγχου και επικοινωνίας ανάμεσα στους διαχειριστές του συστήματος και τους χρήστες, ώστε να επιτευχθεί η απρόσκοπτη λειτουργία του συστήματος καταχώρησης και προγραμματισμού των εκδηλώσεων. Ως εκ τούτου, έχουμε έλεγχο εγκυρότητας e-mail και αριθμού κινητού τηλεφώνου, έλεγχο χρήσης e-mail ή κινητού τηλεφώνου υπάρχοντος χρήστη, έλεγχο διαθεσιμότητας αιθουσών, έλεγχο δικαιωμάτων χρήστη, έλεγχο κενών πεδίων φόρμας, έλεγχο δύο βημάτων με e-mail επιβεβαίωσης, καθώς και δυνατότητα επεξεργασίας ή ακύρωσης των καταχωρημένων σεμιναρίων με ενημέρωση όλων των συμμετεχόντων από τον διοργανωτή.
ТУРИЗМ СОҲАСИДА ЮҚОРИ МАЛАКАЛИ КАДРЛАР ТАЙЁРЛАШДА ИНВЕСТИЦИЯЛАРНИНГ РОЛИ ВА  ИҚТИСОДИЙ МАЗМУН
Creators: name: Рахматов, А.И
name: Йўлдошев, Б.А.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ушбу мақолада туризм соҳасида юқори малакали кадрлар тайёрлашда инвестицияларнинг роли ва  иқтисодий мазмуни илмий асослаб берилган.
The evolution of the genetic load caused by recurrent mutation in small populations : genetic context and demographic history
Creators: name: Poon, Arthur F.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: I have conducted two separate theoretical investigations on the consequences of recurrent mutation for the extinction risk of small populations. The continual generation of deleterious mutations and their subsequent rise in frequency in the population cause genetic load: a reduction in the mean fitness of the population. This evolutionary process is a function of natural selection, mutation, and genetic drift. Predictions made by theoretical studies on the extinction risk depend on what assumptions are made about selection, mutation, and drift. The following work modifies standard assumptions that are made in models that study genetic loads in finite populations such that the sensitivity o f the results can be evaluated. First of all, many models assume that most mutations are unconditionally deleterious — i.e. they have the same effect in any genome. There may be, however, a large fraction of mutations that conceal the expression of another mutation when placed in the same genome. These are compensatory mutations. With compensatory mutation, qualitatively different conclusions are reached about the extinction risk of a small population by genetic causes. Secondly, the models that study the effect of decreasing population size on the genetic load simplify the demographic change to an instantaneous drop from infinite size. Declining populations often gradually decline in size over several generations, however. I have studied the effect of gradual demographic change by numerical methods. The results indicate that transient changes in the mean load caused by recessive alleles can be delayed by a gradual change in population size.
3-Dimensional membrane capsules: Synthesis modulations for the remediation of environmental pollutants – A critical review
Creators: name: Ali, Imran
name: Li, Juying
name: Peng, Changsheng
name: Qasim, Muhammad
name: Khan, Zahid M.
name: Naz, Iffat
name: Sultan, Muhammad
name: Rauf, Muhammad
name: Iqbal, Waheed
name: Sharif, Hafiz Muhammad Adeel
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Science Policy

description: Recently, 3-dimensional membrane capsules (3-D MCs) have attracted great attention and have been frequently utilized for removal of the environmental pollutants due to their plentiful oxygen-containing/hydrophilic functional groups, wide operational pH range, desired morphology and higher selectivity against targeted contaminants. Moreover, potentially toxic metals and refractory organic pollutants have been successfully eliminated by encapsulating 2-D materials, chemical oxidants, chelating agents/resins and a variety of enzymes into 3 D MCs. Therefore, this review is the first attempt to emphasize the recent developments in the synthesis modulations of 3-D MCs and factors affecting their fabrication relationship with performance, and removal mechanisms of various pollutants by 3-D MCs. Further, the barriers to the marketing and transfer of 3-D MC based remediation technologies from laboratory to commercial applications are also discussed. Finally, the research gaps and their prospects are also debated to open new windows of research and practical application of 3-D MCs.
Development of a new rutin nanoemulsion and its application on prostate carcinoma PC3 cell line
Creators: name: Ahmad, Mohammad
name: Sahabjada
name: Akhtar, Juber
name: Hussain, Arshad
name: Badaruddeen
name: Arshad, M. D.
name: Mishra, Anuradha
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: rutin
subject: nanoemulsion
subject: water titration method
subject: cell viability
subject: prostate cancer
subject: reactive oxygen species
subject: 610

description: Biological effects of rutin bioactive are limited due to its poor oral bioavailability and its degradation in aqueous environments. For the purpose of bioenhancement, different nanoemulsion systems of rutin were developed by aqueous titration method using water as dispersion media. The nanoemulsion systems were characterized for sur- face morphology, droplet size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, in vitro release profile and the formulations were optimized. The anticancer potential of optimized nanoemulsion was evaluated by cells viability (MTT) assay, nuclear condensation, and ROS activity using human prostate cancer (PC3) cell line. On the basis of cell viability data the inhibitory concentration (IC50) value for optimized nanoemulsion formulation on PC3 cancer cells was found to be 11.8 μM. Fluorescent microscopic analysis and intracellular ROS generation demonstrated significant ROS induction that might lead to triggering the apoptosis pathway. In conclusion, developed nanoemulsion displayed significant efficacy against prostate carcinoma cells.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 16 2017
Restoring shallow lakes impaired by eutrophication: Approaches, outcomes, and challenges
Creators: name: Abell, Jonathan M.
name: Özkundakci, Deniz
name: Hamilton, David P.
name: Reeves, Paula
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Shallow lake ecosystems are widely impaired by eutrophication. Lake restoration projects frequently fail or are only partially successful, reflecting that environmental managers face difficult challenges in addressing this complex problem. Key uncertainties relate to selecting appropriate methods and predicting the resulting response trajectory, that is, “what should be done, how much improvement should be expected, and how long will it take?” This review critically evaluates approaches applied to address eutrophication in shallow lakes. A set of shallow lake restoration case studies from across the globe, involving moderate to high effort monitoring, was evaluated to determine common features and to identify advantages/disadvantages and drivers of successful restoration projects. Approaches are broadly grouped into four categories: 1) external nutrient load reductions, 2) internal nutrient load reductions, 3) biomanipulation, and 4) hydrological manipulations. Case studies highlight that external load reduction is an essential component of successful restoration, although supplementary measures can support restoration goals. To inform planning and help set realistic expectations, the following key challenges to the restoration of shallow lakes were identified: 1) insufficient reductions in external nutrient loads, 2) biogeochemical lags, 3) resistance of a stable, algal-dominated state due to hysteresis in the turbidity–nutrient load relationship, 4) delayed macrophyte reestablishment, 5) climate change, 6) need for lake-specific approaches, and 7) social and political shortcomings. Managing these challenges is crucial to the success of shallow lake restoration projects.
The Deep Physics Behind the Second Law: Information and Energy As Independent Forms of Bookkeeping
Creators: name: Duncan, T.
name: Semura, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Even after over 150 years of discussion, the interpretation of the second law of thermodynamics continues to be a source of confusion and controversy in physics. This confusion has been accentuated by recent challenges to the second law and by the difficulty in many cases of clarifying which formulation is threatened and how serious the implications of a successful challenge would be. To help bring clarity and consistency to the analysis of these challenges, the aim of this paper is to suggest a simple formulation of the deep physics of the second law, and to point out how such a statement might help us organize the challenges by level of seriousness. We pursue the notion that the second law is ultimately a restriction operating directly on the dynamics of information, so the existence of this law can be traced to the need for a system of "information bookkeeping" that is independent of the bookkeeping for energy. Energy and information are related but independent, so the dynamical restrictions for one cannot be derived from those for the other. From this perspective, we also suggest the possibility that the foundation of the second law may be linked to the finite capacity of nature to store information about its own state.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure
Collective excitation of quantum wires and effect of spin-orbit coupling in the presence of a magnetic field along the wire
Creators: name: Lee, Hyun C.
name: Yang, S. -R. Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The band structure of a quantum wire with the Rashba spin-orbit coupling develops a pseudogap in the presence of a magnetic field along the wire. In such a system spin mixing at the Fermi wavevectors $-k_F$ and $k_F$ can be different. We have investigated theoretically the collective mode of this system, and found that the velocity of this collective excitation depends sensitively on the strength of the Rashba spin-orbit interaction and magnetic field. Our result suggests that the strength of the spin-orbit interaction can be determined from the measurement of the velocity.
description: RevTeX 4 file, 4pages, 6 eps figures. To appear in Physical Review B
Διαχείριση κινδύνων πιστωτικών ιδρυμάτων
Creators: name: Παναγάκου, Άννα
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Τραπεζικοί κίνδυνοι
subject: Πιστωτικός κίνδυνος
subject: Διαχείριση κινδύνου
subject: Ρευστότητα
subject: Τραπεζικός κλάδος

description: Το παρόν εκπόνημα επιχειρεί σε πρώτο στάδιο να εξετάσει τη φύση και το είδος των κινδύνων με τους οποίους έρχεται αντιμέτωπο ένα τραπεζικό ίδρυμα, καθώς και τους διάφορους τρόπους διαχείρισής τους, εστιάζοντας στη διαχείριση «εν στενή έννοια». Σε δεύτερο στάδιο, γίνεται μία προσπάθεια παρουσίασης των ποινικών συνεπειών, τις οποίες αντιμετωπίζουν οι Διοικητές και τα Διευθυντικά Στελέχη των τραπεζικών ιδρυμάτων λόγω της μη συνετής διαχείρισης που ασκούν και η οποία προκαλεί βλάβη στην περιουσία των τελευταίων. Στην έννοια της μη συνετής διαχείρισης εντάσσεται, μεταξύ άλλων, και η υιοθέτηση λανθασμένων στρατηγικών αντιμετώπισης των κινδύνων.
Ψηφιακός μετασχηματισμός στον τομέα της μόδας
Creators: name: Μπατζέλλα, Ντρίτε
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Μόδα
subject: Ψηφιακός μετασχηματισμός
subject: Τάσεις της μόδας
subject: Διαδικτυακές αγορές
subject: Μέσα κοινωνικής δικτύωσης

description: Η παρούσα μελέτη στοχεύει στη διερεύνηση του ψηφιακού μετασχηματισμού στον κλάδο της μόδας. Στόχος αυτής της διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι να αναλυθεί η εξέλιξη του ψηφιακού μετασχηματισμού γενικά και έπειτα στον τομέα της μόδας, τα πλεονεκτήματα και τα μειονεκτήματα αυτού, τα οποία όταν εμφανίζονται λειτουργούν ανασταλτικά στην εξέλιξη του. Σκοπός είναι να προκύψουν συμπεράσματα αναφορικά με την ανάγκη περαιτέρω προώθησης του ψηφιακού μετασχηματισμού στον κλάδο της μόδας, καθώς και αναφορικά με τη μορφή που θα έπρεπε να έχει. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, η διπλωματική εργασία αποτελείται από το θεωρητικό μέρος, στο οποίο θα αναλυθεί αρχικά ο ορισμός της έννοιας της μόδας και των τομέων αυτής. Επιπλέον, θα πραγματοποιηθεί μια ιστορική αναδρομή αναφορικά με τη γέννηση και εξέλιξη της μόδας από το 1900 και έπειτα, ανάλυση των τάσεων της μόδας, όπως επίσης και των κατηγοριών αυτής. Ακόμη, θα μελετηθεί το μάρκετινγκ στη μόδα, καθώς και η ανάλυση του μίγματος μάρκετινγκ, δηλαδή ανάλυση και των τεσσάρων μεταβλητών αυτού. Επιπρόσθετα, θα πραγματοποιηθεί περιγραφή της έννοιας του ψηφιακού μετασχηματισμού, των μορφών αυτού, τα πλεονεκτήματα, όπως και τα προβλήματα, τα οποία λειτουργούν ανασταλτικά στην εξέλιξη του. Ακόμη, θα σχολιαστούν οι αλλαγές που έχουν εμφανιστεί, εξαιτίας της ψηφιοποίησης, καθώς επίσης ο ρόλος και η επίδραση των μέσων κοινωνικής δικτύωσης στον τομέα της μόδας. Όσον αφορά το πρακτικό μέρος, αρχικά θα αναλυθεί η μεθοδολογία της έρευνας, εξηγώντας και αιτιολογώντας την επιλογή για την κάθε μέθοδο. Έπειτα, θα παρουσιαστούν τα αποτελέσματα της πρωτογενούς έρευνας, η οποία θα πραγματοποιηθεί και θα αναλυθούν τα ερευνητικά ευρήματα. Τέλος, θα συνοψιστούν τα κυριότερα ευρήματα της έρευνας, θα εξαχθούν τα κύρια συμπεράσματα που θα προκύψουν από αυτά και θα προταθούν ιδέες και κατευθύνσεις για μελλοντική έρευνα.
The development and validation of a video tool for capturing teachers' noticing in salient and non-salient classroom disruptions
Creators: name: Kilbury, Maxie
name: Böhnke, Anja
name: Haase, Sebastian
name: Thiel, Felicitas
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: video tool
subject: classroom disruptions
subject: teachers' noticing
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::370 Bildung und Erziehung::370 Bildung und Erziehung

description: • We developed an innovative instrument to capture noticing of critical student behavior on-the-fly. • The instrument is very easily accessible through a digital website and therefor resource-friendly. • Expert teachers identify more critical events than novice teachers. • Expert teachers identify in particular more critical events that are less salient than novice teachers.
Reliability and validity of a self-developed virtual reality-based test battery for assessing motor skills in sports performance
Creators: name: Pastel, Stefan
name: Klenk, Florian Cristóbal
name: Bürger, Dan
name: Heilmann, Florian
name: Witte, Kerstin
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Athletes must master various motor skills for success in their sports. To assess performance and identify areas of improvement, effective sports-motoric tests are essential. Key abilities such as reaction time, jumping, and complex movement coordination are critical. Virtual reality (VR) offers a practical, traditional equipment-free tool for assessment, though new VR-based tests must be evaluated first. We evaluated a self-developed test battery to measure reaction time (drop-bar test), jumping ability (jump and reach test), and parkour execution involving multiple complex motor tasks (with/without a virtual opponent). 32 participants completed these tests twice in real environment (RE) and VR (pre- and post-test). Intraclass correlation coefficients showed high reliability for reaction time in RE (0.858) and VR (0.888), with moderate significant correlations between them (r = .445), suggesting validity. The jump and reach test showed even better reliability (RE: 0.944, VR: 0.886) with strong correlations between RE and VR (r = .838). The parkour test showed lower reliability (x̄ 0.770), particularly for one task, with significant differences between the conditions indicating different behavior in VR. However, the addition of a virtual opponent eliminated these differences. VR appears to be a promising alternative to traditional testing methods, revealing comparable values across conditions.
Radio and X-ray Profiles in Supernova Remnants Undergoing Efficient Cosmic Ray Production
Creators: name: Ellison, Donald C.
name: Cassam-Chenai, Gamil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The strong shocks in young supernova remnants (SNRs) should accelerate cosmic rays (CRs) and no doubt exists that \rel electrons are produced in SNRs. However, direct and convincing evidence that SNRs produce CR nuclei has not yet been obtained and may, in fact, be long in coming if current gamma-ray observatories do not see an unambiguous pion-decay feature. Nevertheless, the lack of an observed pion-decay feature does not necessarily mean that CR ions are not abundantly produced since ions do not radiate efficiently. If CR ions are produced efficiently by diffusive shock acceleration (DSA), their presence will modify the hydrodynamics of the SNR and produce morphological effects which can be clearly seen in radiation produced by electrons. We describe in some detail our CR-hydro model, which couples DSA with the remnant hydrodynamics, and the synchrotron emission expected for two distinct parameter sets representing type Ia and type II supernovae. Several morphological features emerge in radial profiles, including the forward shock precursor, which are observable with current X-ray observatories and which should definitively show if young SNRs produce CR ions efficiently or not. For the specific case of SN 1006, we conclude, as have others, that the extremely short X-ray scale heights observed near the outer shock argue convincingly for the efficient production of CR ions.
description: 20 pages, 13 figures, accepted in ApJ June 2005