cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Towards Robust GAN-generated Image Detection: a Multi-view Completion Representation
Creators: name: Liu, Chi
name: Zhu, Tianqing
name: Shen, Sheng
name: Zhou, Wanlei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: GAN-generated image detection now becomes the first line of defense against the malicious uses of machine-synthesized image manipulations such as deepfakes. Although some existing detectors work well in detecting clean, known GAN samples, their success is largely attributable to overfitting unstable features such as frequency artifacts, which will cause failures when facing unknown GANs or perturbation attacks. To overcome the issue, we propose a robust detection framework based on a novel multi-view image completion representation. The framework first learns various view-to-image tasks to model the diverse distributions of genuine images. Frequency-irrelevant features can be represented from the distributional discrepancies characterized by the completion models, which are stable, generalized, and robust for detecting unknown fake patterns. Then, a multi-view classification is devised with elaborated intra- and inter-view learning strategies to enhance view-specific feature representation and cross-view feature aggregation, respectively. We evaluated the generalization ability of our framework across six popular GANs at different resolutions and its robustness against a broad range of perturbation attacks. The results confirm our method's improved effectiveness, generalization, and robustness over various baselines.
description: Accepted to IJCAI 2023
Light from Reissner-Nordstrom-de Sitter black holes
Creators: name: Cotaescu, Ion I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive for the first time the form of the spiral null geodesics around the photon sphere of the Reissner-Nordstrom black hole in the de Sitter expanding universe. Moreover, we obtain the principal parameter we need for deriving, according to our method [I. I. Cot\u aescu. {Eur. Phys. J. C.} (2021) 81:32], the black hole shadow and the related redshift as measured by a remote observer situated in the asymptotic zone. We obtain thus a criterion of detecting charged black holes without peculiar velocities when one knows the mass, redshift and the black hole shadow.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2011.02434
Remarks on a class of renormalizable interpolating gauges
Creators: name: Dudal, D.
name: Gracey, J. A.
name: Lemes, V. E. R.
name: Sobreiro, R. F.
name: Sorella, S. P.
name: Thibes, R.
name: Verschelde, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A class of covariant gauges allowing one to interpolate between the Landau, the maximal Abelian, the linear covariant and the Curci-Ferrari gauges is discussed. Multiplicative renormalizability is proven to all orders by means of algebraic renormalization. All one-loop anomalous dimensions of the fields and gauge parameters are explicitly evaluated in the MSbar scheme.
description: 24 pages. no figures
A Global Uniqueness for Formally Determined Inverse Electromagnetic Obstacle Scattering
Creators: name: Liu, Hongyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 78A46, 35R30

description: It is proved that a general polyhedral perfect conducting obstacle in $\mathbb{R}^3$, possibly consisting of finitely many solid polyhedra, is uniquely determined by the far-field pattern corresponding to a single incident wave. This improves earlier results in the literature to the formally determined case.
Ruin probability for renewal risk models with neutral net profit condition
Creators: name: Grigutis, Andrius
name: Karbonskis, Arvydas
name: Šiaulys, Jonas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G50, 60J80, 91G05

description: In ruin theory, the net profit condition intuitively means that the incurred random claims on average do not occur more often than premiums are gained. The breach of the net profit condition causes guaranteed ruin in few but simple cases when both the claims' inter-occurrence time and random claims are degenerate. In this work, we give a simplified argumentation for the unavoidable ruin when the incurred claims on average occur equally as the premiums are gained. We study the discrete-time risk model with $N\in\mathbb{N}$ periodically occurring independent distributions, the classical risk model, also known as the Cramér-Lundberg risk process, and the more general E. Sparre Andersen model.
The Zwicky Transient Facility Bright Transient Survey. II. A Public Statistical Sample for Exploring Supernova Demographics
Creators: name: Perley, Daniel A.
name: Fremling, Christoffer
name: Sollerman, Jesper
name: Miller, Adam A.
name: Dahiwale, Aishwarya S.
name: Sharma, Yashvi
name: Bellm, Eric C.
name: Biswas, Rahul
name: Brink, Thomas G.
name: Bruch, Rachel J.
name: De, Kishalay
name: Dekany, Richard
name: Drake, Andrew J.
name: Duev, Dmitry A.
name: Filippenko, Alexei V.
name: Gal-Yam, Avishay
name: Goobar, Ariel
name: Graham, Matthew J.
name: Graham, Melissa L.
name: Ho, Anna Y. Q.
name: Irani, Ido
name: Kasliwal, Mansi M.
name: Kim, Young-Lo
name: Kulkarni, S. R.
name: Mahabal, Ashish
name: Masci, Frank J.
name: Modak, Shaunak
name: Neill, James D.
name: Nordin, Jakob
name: Riddle, Reed L.
name: Soumagnac, Maayane T.
name: Strotjohann, Nora L.
name: Schulze, Steve
name: Taggart, Kirsty
name: Tzanidakis, Anastasios
name: Walters, Richard S.
name: Yan, Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a public catalog of transients from the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) Bright Transient Survey (BTS), a magnitude-limited (m<19 mag in either the g or r filter) survey for extragalactic transients in the ZTF public stream. We introduce cuts on survey coverage, sky visibility around peak light, and other properties unconnected to the nature of the transient, and show that the resulting statistical sample is spectroscopically 97% complete at <18 mag, 93% complete at <18.5 mag, and 75% complete at <19 mag. We summarize the fundamental properties of this population, identifying distinct duration-luminosity correlations in a variety of supernova (SN) classes and associating the majority of fast optical transients with well-established spectroscopic SN types (primarily SN Ibn and II/IIb). We measure the Type Ia SN and core-collapse (CC) SN rates and luminosity functions, which show good consistency with recent work. About 7% of CC SNe explode in very low-luminosity galaxies (M_i > -16 mag), 10% in red-sequence galaxies, and 1% in massive ellipticals. We find no significant difference in the luminosity or color distributions between the host galaxies of Type II and Type Ib/c supernovae, suggesting that line-driven wind stripping does not play a major role in the loss of the hydrogen envelope from their progenitors. Future large-scale classification efforts with ZTF and other wide-area surveys will provide high-quality measurements of the rates, properties, and environments of all known types of optical transients and limits on the existence of theoretically predicted but as of yet unobserved explosions.
description: Accepted to ApJ. Live BTS statistics are available online at https://sites.astro.caltech.edu/ztf/bts/bts.php and an interactive catalog of our sample is available at https://sites.astro.caltech.edu/ztf/bts/explorer.php
RE-centric Recommendations for the Development of Trustworthy(er) Autonomous Systems
Creators: name: Ronanki, Krishna
name: Cabrero-Daniel, Beatriz
name: Horkoff, Jennifer
name: Berger, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Complying with the EU AI Act (AIA) guidelines while developing and implementing AI systems will soon be mandatory within the EU. However, practitioners lack actionable instructions to operationalise ethics during AI systems development. A literature review of different ethical guidelines revealed inconsistencies in the principles addressed and the terminology used to describe them. Furthermore, requirements engineering (RE), which is identified to foster trustworthiness in the AI development process from the early stages was observed to be absent in a lot of frameworks that support the development of ethical and trustworthy AI. This incongruous phrasing combined with a lack of concrete development practices makes trustworthy AI development harder. To address this concern, we formulated a comparison table for the terminology used and the coverage of the ethical AI principles in major ethical AI guidelines. We then examined the applicability of ethical AI development frameworks for performing effective RE during the development of trustworthy AI systems. A tertiary review and meta-analysis of literature discussing ethical AI frameworks revealed their limitations when developing trustworthy AI. Based on our findings, we propose recommendations to address such limitations during the development of trustworthy AI.
description: Accepted at [TAS '23]{First International Symposium on Trustworthy Autonomous Systems}
Affleck-Dine inflation in supergravity
Creators: name: Kawasaki, Masahiro
name: Ueda, Shusuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Affleck-Dine inflation is a recently proposed model in which a single complex scalar field, nonminimally coupled to gravity, drives inflation and simultaneously generates the baryon asymmetry of universe via Affleck-Dine mechanism. In this paper we investigate the supersymmetric implementation of Affleck-Dine inflation in the use of two chiral superfields with appropriate superpotential and Kähler potential. The scalar potential has a similar form to the potential of original Affleck-Dine inflation, and it gives successful inflation and baryogenesis. We also consider the isocurvature perturbation evolving after crossing the horizon, and find that it is ignorable and hence consistent with the observations.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
A Measurement of the K0 Charge Radius and a CP Violating Asymmetry Together with a Search for CP Violating E1 Direct Photon Emission in the Rare Decay KL->pi+pi-e+e-
Creators: name: KTeV Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the complete KTeV data set of 5241 candidate KL->pi+pi-e+e- decays (including an estimated background of 204+-14 events), we have measured the coupling gCR=0.163+- 0.014(stat)+-0.023(syst) of the CP conserving charge radius process and from it determined a K0 charge radius of (K0)=(-0.077+-0.007(stat)+-0.011(syst)) fm**2. We have also determined a first experimental upper limit of 0.04 (90% CL) for the ratio |g_{E1}|/|g_{M1}| of the coupling for the E1 direct photon emission process relative to the coupling for M1 direct photon emission process. We also report the measurement of its associated vector form factor |gM1`|(1+ (a_1/a_2)/(M(rho)**2-M(K)**2)+2M(K)E(gamma*)) where |gM1`|=(1.11+- 0.12(stat)+-0.08(syst) and a_1/a_2 = (-0.744+-0.027(stat)0.032(syst)) GeV**2/c**2. In addition, a measurement of the manifestly CP violating asymmetry of magnitude (13.6+- 1.4+-(stat)+-1.5(syst))% in the CP and T odd angle phi between the decay planes of the e+e- and pi+pi- pairs in the KL center of mass system is reported.
Swidler, Leonard, Connor, Patrick: "Alle Katholiken haben das Recht..."
Creators: name: Grote, Heiner
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 40 Nr. 2 (1991): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 40, Heft 2
Stochastic Motion Planning under Partial Observability for Mobile Robots with Continuous Range Measurements
Creators: name: Sun, Ke
name: Schlotfeldt, Brent
name: Pappas, George
name: Kumar, Vijay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we address the problem of stochastic motion planning under partial observability, more specifically, how to navigate a mobile robot equipped with continuous range sensors such as LIDAR. In contrast to many existing robotic motion planning methods, we explicitly consider the uncertainty of the robot state by modeling the system as a POMDP. Recent work on general purpose POMDP solvers is typically limited to discrete observation spaces, and does not readily apply to the proposed problem due to the continuous measurements from LIDAR. In this work, we build upon an existing Monte Carlo Tree Search method, POMCP, and propose a new algorithm POMCP++. Our algorithm can handle continuous observation spaces with a novel measurement selection strategy. The POMCP++ algorithm overcomes over-optimism in the value estimation of a rollout policy by removing the implicit perfect state assumption at the rollout phase. We validate POMCP++ in theory by proving it is a Monte Carlo Tree Search algorithm. Through comparisons with other methods that can also be applied to the proposed problem, we show that POMCP++ yields significantly higher success rate and total reward.
description: Accepeted by IEEE Transactions on Robotics
A fully ab initio approach to inelastic atom-surface scattering
Creators: name: Kelley, Michelle M.
name: Sundararaman, Ravishankar
name: Arias, Tomás A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a fully ab initio theory for inelastic scattering of any atom from any surface exciting single phonons, and apply the theory to helium scattering from Nb(100). The key aspect making our approach general is a direct first-principles evaluation of the scattering atom-electron vertex. By correcting misleading results from current state-of-the-art theories, this fully ab initio approach will be critical in guiding and interpreting experiments that adopt next-generation, non-destructive atomic beam scattering.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Kölner (Stadt-)Geschichten um 1800: Auf de Brügge
Creators: name: Bischoff, Henry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Dieses Spiel entstand im Wintersemester 2023/24 im Rahmen eines Arbeitskurses am Historischen Institut der Universität zu Köln und basiert auf der Open Source Software Twine.

Um das Spiel zu starten, müssen Sie die Datei downloaden und entpacken. Die „.html“ Datei, die Sie in dem entpackten Ordner finden, lässt sich daraufhin mit jedem gebräuchlichen Internetbrowser öffnen.
Cross-attention learning enables real-time nonuniform rotational distortion correction in OCT
Creators: name: Zhang, Haoran
name: Yang, Jianlong
name: Zhang, Jingqian
name: Zhao, Shiqing
name: Zhang, Aili
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonuniform rotational distortion (NURD) correction is vital for endoscopic optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging and its functional extensions, such as angiography and elastography. Current NURD correction methods require time-consuming feature tracking or cross-correlation calculations and thus sacrifice temporal resolution. Here we propose a cross-attention learning method for the NURD correction in OCT. Our method is inspired by the recent success of the self-attention mechanism in natural language processing and computer vision. By leveraging its ability to model long-range dependencies, we can directly obtain the correlation between OCT A-lines at any distance, thus accelerating the NURD correction. We develop an end-to-end stacked cross-attention network and design three types of optimization constraints. We compare our method with two traditional feature-based methods and a CNN-based method, on two publicly-available endoscopic OCT datasets and a private dataset collected on our home-built endoscopic OCT system. Our method achieved a $\sim3\times$ speedup to real time ($26\pm 3$ fps), and superior correction performance.
Emotional intelligence for organisational leaders.pdf
Creators: name: Okwe, Esther
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 160509 Public Administration
subject: FOS: Political science

description: This study is desk research that unravels the interplay of Emotional Intelligence (EI) in effective decision making; as an idea for corporate leaders. It unveils the avalanche possibilities an individual has in leveraging his/her strength in EI to optimise decision-making skills in leadership positions.
Time-Optimal Path Tracking with ISO Safety Guarantees
Creators: name: Fujii, Shohei
name: Pham, Quang-Cuong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: One way of ensuring operator's safety during human-robot collaboration is through Speed and Separation Monitoring (SSM), as defined in ISO standard ISO/TS 15066. In general, it is impossible to avoid all human-robot collisions: consider for instance the case when the robot does not move at all, a human operator can still collide with it by hitting it of her own voluntary motion. In the SSM framework, it is possible however to minimize harm by requiring this: \emph{if} a collision ever occurs, then the robot must be in a \emph{stationary state} (all links have zero velocity) at the time instant of the collision. In this paper, we propose a time-optimal control policy based on Time-Optimal Path Parameterization (TOPP) to guarantee such a behavior. Specifically, we show that: for any robot motion that is strictly faster than the motion recommended by our policy, there exists a human motion that results in a collision with the robot in a non-stationary state. Correlatively, we show, in simulation, that our policy is strictly less conservative than state-of-the-art safe robot control methods. Additionally, we propose a parallelization method to reduce the computation time of our pre-computation phase (down to 0.5 sec, practically), which enables the whole pipeline (including the pre-computation) to be executed at runtime, nearly in real-time. Finally, we demonstrate the application of our method in a scenario: time-optimal, safe control of a 6-dof industrial robot.
description: 8 pages, accepted to IROS 2023
Real Part of Twisted-by-Grading Spectral Triples
Creators: name: Filaci, Manuele
name: Martinetti, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: After a brief review on the applications of twisted spectral triples to physics, we adapt to the twisted case the notion of real part of a spectral triple. In particular, when one twists a usual spectral triple by its grading, we show that - depending on the $KO$ dimension - the real part is either twisted as well, or is the intersection of the initial algebra with its opposite. We illustrate this result with the spectral triple of the standard model.
Least squares type estimation of the transition density of a particular hidden Markov chain
Creators: name: Lacour, Claire
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62G05 (Primary); 62M05, 62H12 (Secondary)

description: In this paper, we study the following model of hidden Markov chain: $Y_i=X_i+ε_i$, $i=1,...,n+1$ with $(X_i)$ a real-valued stationary Markov chain and $(ε_i)_{1\leq i\leq n+1}$ a noise having a known distribution and independent of the sequence $(X_i)$. We present an estimator of the transition density obtained by minimization of an original contrast that takes advantage of the regressive aspect of the problem. It is selected among a collection of projection estimators with a model selection method. The $L^2$-risk and its rate of convergence are evaluated for ordinary smooth noise and some simulations illustrate the method. We obtain uniform risk bounds over classes of Besov balls. In addition our estimation procedure requires no prior knowledge of the regularity of the true transition. Finally, our estimator permits to avoid the drawbacks of quotient estimators.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/07-EJS111 the Electronic Journal of Statistics (http://www.i-journals.org/ejs/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Effect of heat stress on genetic parameters and body weight trait in Thai synthetic chicken lines
Creators: name: Supawan Wiangnak
name: Banyat Laopaiboon
name: Vibuntita Chankitisakul
name: Monchai Duangjinda
name: Wuttigrai Boonkum
Publisher: name: Faculty of Agriculture
Year: 2019
Subjects: heat stress, body weight, Thai synthetic chicken lines, temperature humidity index

description: Khon Kaen Agriculture Journal, 47, 5, 939-950
First evidence for molecular interfaces between outflows and ambient cloud in high-mass star forming regions?
Creators: name: Codella, C.
name: Viti, S.
name: Williams, D. A.
name: Bachiller, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new observations of the CepA-East region of massive star formation and describe an extended and dynamically distinct feature not previously recognised. This feature is present in emission from H2CS, OCS, CH3OH, and HDO at -5.5 km/s, but is not traced by conventional tracers of star forming regions H2S, SO2, SO, CS. The feature is extended up to at least 0.1 pc. We show that the feature is neither a hot core nor a shocked outflow. However, the chemistry of the feature is consistent with predictions of a model of an eroding interface between a fast wind and a dense core; mixing between the two media occurs in the interface on a timescale of 10-50 years. If these observations are confirmed by detailed maps and by detections in species also predicted to be abundant (e.g. HCO+, H2CO, and NH3) this feature would be the first detection of such an interface in regions of massive star formation. An important implication of the model is that a significant reservoir of sulfur in grain mantles is required to be in the form of OCS.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journals Letters (8 pages, 3 figures)
The BHL-BCL crossover: from nonlinear to linear quantum amplification
Creators: name: de Nova, Juan Ramón Muñoz
name: Sols, Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The black-hole laser (BHL) effect is the self-amplification of Hawking radiation between a pair of horizons which act as a resonant cavity. In a flowing atomic condensate, the BHL effect arises in a finite supersonic region, where Bogoliubov-Cherenkov-Landau (BCL) radiation is resonantly excited by any static perturbation. Thus, experimental attempts to produce a BHL unavoidably deal with the presence of a strong BCL background, making the observation of the BHL effect still a major challenge in the analogue gravity field. Here, we perform a theoretical study of the BHL-BCL crossover using an idealized model where both phenomena can be unambiguously isolated. By drawing an analogy with an unstable pendulum, we distinguish three main regimes according to the interplay between quantum fluctuations and classical stimulation: quantum BHL, classical BHL, and BCL. Based on quite general scaling arguments, the nonlinear amplification of quantum fluctuations up to saturation is identified as the most robust trait of a quantum BHL. A classical BHL behaves instead as a linear quantum amplifier, where the output is proportional to the input. The BCL regime also acts as a linear quantum amplifier, but its gain is exponentially smaller as compared to a classical BHL. Complementary signatures of black-hole lasing are a decrease in the amplification for increasing BCL amplitude or a nonmonotonic dependence of the growth rate with respect to the background parameters. We also identify interesting analogue phenomena such as Hawking-stimulated white-hole radiation or quantum BCL-stimulated Hawking radiation. The results of this work not only are of interest for analogue gravity, where they help to distinguish each phenomenon and to design experimental schemes for a clear observation of the BHL effect, but they also open the prospect of finding applications of analogue concepts in quantum technologies.
description: 24 pages, 14 figures, 1 table. Accepted version of the manuscript
หลักการทำงานจิตสาธารณะสร้างแรงงานมีภูมิคุ้มกันภัยยาเสพติดด้วยศาสตร์พระราชา
Creators: name: พิศมัย ทองเที่ยง
Publisher: name: กองบริหารการวิจัย
Year: 2562
Subjects: จิตสาธารณะ, แรงงาน, ภูมิคุ้มกันภัยยาเสพติด, ศาสตร์พระราชา

description: วารสารธรรมศาสตร์, 38, 2, 1-17
Thils, Gustabe, Schneider, Theodor: Glaubensbekenntnis und Treueid
Creators: name: Grote, Heiner
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 40 Nr. 2 (1991): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 40, Heft 2
INTERNAL REVENUE GENERATION METHODS UTILIZED BY SECONDARY SCHOOL PRINCIPALS FOR RAISING FUNDS FOR SCHOOL MANAGEMENT IN ANAMBRA STATE
Creators: name: Onyekwelu, Raphael Azubuike, Ph.D.
Publisher: name: ZAP Journal
Year: 2024
Subjects: Internal Revenue Generation, Method, Principals, Fund, School Management

description: The main purpose of the study was to determine internal revenue generation methods utilized by secondary school principals for raising funds for school management in Anambra State. Three research questions guided the study. The descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. The population of the study was 266 public secondary school principals in Anambra State. A validated questionnaire was used to collect data for the study. Application of Cronbach Alpha method on the instrument collected yielded reliability coefficient values of 0.87 and 0.85 for clusters 1 and 2 respectively with an overall reliability coefficient value of 0.86 mean was used to analyze data for the study. The findings of the study revealed that the findings of the study revealed that principals to a high extent use renting out school facilities and fundraising campaigns as internal revenue generation method for raising funds for school management in Anambra State. In contrast, principals to a low extent establish business ventures for internal revenue generation method for raising funds for school management in Anambra State. Based on these findings, the researcher recommended among others that the Post Primary School Service Commission (PPSSC) should organize training programme to educate secondary school principals on best practices and methods for implementing business ventures as a revenue generation method in secondary schools
An approximate analytic solution to the coupled problems of coronal heating and solar-wind acceleration
Creators: name: Chandran, Benjamin D. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Between the base of the solar corona and the Alfven critical point, the solar-wind density decreases by approximately five orders of magnitude, but the temperature varies by a factor of only a few. In this paper, I show that such quasi-isothermal evolution out to the Alfven critical point is a generic property of outflows powered by reflection-driven Alfven-wave (AW) turbulence, in which outward-propagating AWs partially reflect, and counter-propagating AWs interact to produce a cascade of fluctuation energy to small scales, which leads to turbulent heating. Approximating the sub-Alfvenic region as isothermal, I first present a simplified calculation of the mass outflow rate, asymptotic wind speed, and coronal temperature that neglects conductive losses and the wave pressure force. I then develop a more detailed model of the transition region, corona, and solar wind that accounts for the heat flux from the coronal base into the transition region and momentum deposition by AWs. I solve analytically for this heat flux by balancing, within the transition region, conductive heating against internal-energy losses from radiation, pdV work, and advection. The density at the coronal base is determined by locally balancing turbulent heating and radiative cooling. I solve the equations of the model analytically in two different parameter regimes. Analytic and numerical solutions to the model equations agree with a number of observations.
description: 42 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in the Journal of Plasma Physics. (Updated version includes the same minor editing as the proofs of the published paper.)
PoET: A generative model of protein families as sequences-of-sequences
Creators: name: Truong, Timothy F.
name: Bepler, Tristan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Generative protein language models are a natural way to design new proteins with desired functions. However, current models are either difficult to direct to produce a protein from a specific family of interest, or must be trained on a large multiple sequence alignment (MSA) from the specific family of interest, making them unable to benefit from transfer learning across families. To address this, we propose $\textbf{P}$r$\textbf{o}$tein $\textbf{E}$volutionary $\textbf{T}$ransformer (PoET), an autoregressive generative model of whole protein families that learns to generate sets of related proteins as sequences-of-sequences across tens of millions of natural protein sequence clusters. PoET can be used as a retrieval-augmented language model to generate and score arbitrary modifications conditioned on any protein family of interest, and can extrapolate from short context lengths to generalize well even for small families. This is enabled by a unique Transformer layer; we model tokens sequentially within sequences while attending between sequences order invariantly, allowing PoET to scale to context lengths beyond those used during training. In extensive experiments on deep mutational scanning datasets, we show that PoET outperforms existing protein language models and evolutionary sequence models for variant function prediction across proteins of all MSA depths. We also demonstrate PoET's ability to controllably generate new protein sequences.
Phase space geometry in scalar-tensor cosmology
Creators: name: Faraoni, Valerio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the phase space of spatially homogeneous and isotropic cosmology in general scalar-tensor theories. A reduction to a two-dimensional phase space is performed when possible-in these situations the phase space is usually a two-dimensional curved surface embedded in a three-dimensional space and composed of two sheets attached to each other, possibly with complicated topology. The results obtained are independent of the choice of the coupling function of the theory and, in certain situations, also of the potential.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures, latex, to appear in Ann. Phys. (NY)
The role of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in the immune response
Creators: name: Salmon, Ruth A.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38 MAPKs) were originally shown to be activated in response to environmental stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines. This thesis investigates the hypothesis that p38 MAPK would be activated by other stimuli other than stress, such as those involved in the regulation of the immune response. In T cells, crosslinking of the CD3 chains of the T cell antigen receptor (TCR) complex or of Fas resulted in activation of p38 MAP kinase and MAPKAP kinase-2. Crosslinking of CD28 synergized with low doses of anti- CD3 to activate p38 MAP kinase or MAPKAP kinase-2. The in vivo activation of MAPKAP kinase-2 in response to crosslinking of CD3 and CD28 or Fas was shown to be dependent on p38 MAP kinase activity using SB 203580, a specific inhibitor of p38 MAPK α and β. Crosslinking of the B cell antigen receptor (BCR) or CD40 on B cells also resulted in activation of p38 MAP kinase and MAPKAP kinase-2. Next, a possible role for p38 MAPK in apoptosis triggered by ligation of antigen receptors on lymphocytes was investigated. When used at concentrations which suppressed the in vivo activation of MAPKAP kinase-2, SB 203580 did not inhibit activation-induced cell death in T cells or BCR-induced apoptosis in the immature B lymphoma WEHI 231 cells. We conclude that the activation of p38 MAP kinase and MAPKAP kinase-2 by crosslinking of the TCR, BCR, Fas or CD40 was not correlated with their role in regulating lymphocyte survival. Experiments with SB 203580 also demonstrated a role for p38 MAPK in the synthesis of cytokines. The antigen-initiated production both of IL-12 by splenic antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and of IFNγ by CD4+ T cells were regulated by p38 MAPK. In contrast, SB 203580 enhanced the production of IL-12 elicited from macrophages by stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The enhancement of IL-12 production correlated with the inhibition of IL-10 by SB 203580, a known negative regulator of IL-12 production in LPS-stimulated macrophages. These results demonstrate that p38 MAP kinase is not only a "stress-activated kinase" but also plays a role in the regulation of both innate and antigen-specific immune responses. [Scientific formulae used in this abstract could not be reproduced.]
Probing Kilonova Ejecta Properties Using a Catalog of Short Gamma-Ray Burst Observations
Creators: name: Rastinejad, J. C.
name: Fong, W.
name: Kilpatrick, C. D.
name: Paterson, K.
name: Tanvir, N. R.
name: Levan, A. J.
name: Metzger, B. D.
name: Berger, E.
name: Chornock, R.
name: Cobb, B. E.
name: Laskar, T.
name: Milne, P.
name: Nugent, A. E.
name: Smith, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of GW170817 and GRB 170817A in tandem with AT 2017gfo cemented the connection between neutron star mergers, short gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), and kilonovae. To investigate short GRB observations in the context of diverse kilonova behavior, we present a comprehensive optical and near-infrared (NIR) catalog of 85 bursts discovered over 2005-2020 on timescales of $\lesssim12$ days. The sample includes previously unpublished observations of 23 bursts, and encompasses both detections and deep upper limits. We identify 11.8% and 15.3% of short GRBs in our catalog with upper limits that probe luminosities lower than those of AT 2017gfo and a fiducial NSBH kilonovae model (for pole-on orientations), respectively. We quantify the ejecta masses allowed by the deepest limits in our catalog, constraining blue and `extremely blue' kilonova components of 14.1% of bursts to $M_{\rm ej}\lesssim0.01-0.1 M_{\odot}$. The sample of short GRBs is not particularly constraining for red kilonova components. Motivated by the large catalog as well as model predictions of diverse kilonova behavior, we investigate modified search strategies for future follow-up to short GRBs. We find that ground-based optical and NIR observations on timescales of $\gtrsim 2$ days can play a significant role in constraining more diverse outcomes. We expect future short GRB follow up efforts, such as from the {\it James Webb Space Telescope}, to expand the reach of kilonova detectability to redshifts of $z\approx 1$.
description: 32 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables. Submitted to ApJ
Doping dependence of chiral superconductivity in near $45^\circ$ twisted bilayer cuprates
Creators: name: Bélanger, Mathieu
name: Sénéchal, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a one-band Hubbard model for a twisted cuprate bilayer with a twist angle of 43.6$^\circ$ and a moire cell containing 58 sites. We use the variational cluster approximation (VCA), which treats short-range correlations exactly and leads, in single layers, to a dome of d-wave superconductivity away from half-filling from strong on-site repulsion alone. We find a time-reversal-symmetry (TRS) breaking phase in a small doping interval in the overdoped region when interlayer tunneling is strong enough. Contrary to expectations, being closer to the $45^{\circ}$ twist angle does not expand this TRS region compared to a previous study [Phys. Rev. B 105, 245127 (2022)] on a $53^{\circ}$ twist angle. This is attributed to the fact that the two superconducting states in competition have almost identical nodal structures.
description: 7 pages
TeV leptogenesis in Z-prime models and its collider probe
Creators: name: Chun, Eung Jin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the U(1)-prime models linked with the seesaw mechanism at TeV scale can lead to a successful baryogenesis through soft leptogenesis with a resonant behavior in the B parameter. Such a consideration constrains the Z-prime mass to be larger than 2-3 TeV depending on the seesaw scale and the spharelon rate. Together with multi-TeV Z-prime, large sneutrino-antisneutrino mixing and CP violating phenomena required by TeV leptogenesis could be searched for in future colliders by observing the distinct same-sign dilepton--dichargino as well as dislepton--diHiggs signatures.
description: 10 pages with 2 figures
Parity-conserving Cooper-pair transport and ideal superconducting diode in planar Germanium
Creators: name: Valentini, Marco
name: Sagi, Oliver
name: Baghumyan, Levon
name: de Gijsel, Thijs
name: Jung, Jason
name: Calcaterra, Stefano
name: Ballabio, Andrea
name: Servin, Juan Aguilera
name: Aggarwal, Kushagra
name: Janik, Marian
name: Adletzberger, Thomas
name: Souto, Rubén Seoane
name: Leijnse, Martin
name: Danon, Jeroen
name: Schrade, Constantin
name: Bakkers, Erik
name: Chrastina, Daniel
name: Isella, Giovanni
name: Katsaros, Georgios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconductor/semiconductor hybrid devices have attracted increasing interest in the past years. Superconducting electronics aims to complement semiconductor technology, while hybrid architectures are at the forefront of new ideas such as topological superconductivity and protected qubits. In this work, we engineer the induced superconductivity in two-dimensional germanium hole gas by varying the distance between the quantum well and the aluminum. We demonstrate a hard superconducting gap and realize an electrically and flux tunable superconducting diode using a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID). This allows to tune the current phase relation (CPR), to a regime where single Cooper pair tunneling is suppressed, creating a $\sin \left( 2 φ\right)$ CPR. Shapiro experiments complement this interpretation and the microwave drive allows to create a diode with 100% efficiency. The reported results open up the path towards integration of spin qubit devices, microwave resonators and (protected) superconducting qubits on a silicon technology compatible platform.
Tree-level S-matrix of superstring field theory with homotopy algebra structure
Creators: name: Kunitomo, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the tree-level S-matrices of the superstring field theories based on the homotopy-algebra structure agree with those obtained in the first-quantized formulation. The proof is given in detail for the heterotic string field theory. The extensions to the type II and open superstring field theories are straightforward.
description: 44 pages, v2: Refs. are added
Cold granular targets slow the bulk freezing of an impacting droplet
Creators: name: Zhao, Song-Chuan
name: Zhang, Hao-Jie
name: Li, Yudong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When making contact with an undercooled target, a drop freezes. The colder the target is, the more rapid the freezing is supposed to be. In this research, we explore the impact of droplets on cold granular material. As the undercooling degree increases, the bulk freezing of the droplet is delayed by at least an order of magnitude. The postponement of the overall solidification is accompanied by substantial changes in dynamics, including the spreading-retraction process, satellite drop generation, and cratering in the target. The solidification of the wetted pores in the granular target primarily causes these effects. Owing to the small size of pores, solidification there is sufficiently fast to match the characteristic timescales of the impact dynamics at moderate undercooling degrees. As a result, the hydrophilic impact appears `hydrophobic', and the dimension of the solidified droplet shrinks. A monolayer of cold grains on a surface can reproduce these consequences. Our research presents a potential approach to regulate solidified morphology for subfreezing drop impacts. It additionally sheds light on the impact scenario of strong coupling between the dynamics and solidification.
Interlayer exciton-polaron in atomically thin semiconductors
Creators: name: Semina, M. A.
name: Glazov, M. M.
name: Sherman, E. Ya.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A novel type of exciton-phonon bound state -- interlayer polaron -- in a double-layer two-dimensional semiconductor with transition metal dichalcogenides as an example, is predicted. In these systems the interaction of the interlayer exciton with the soft modes of out-of-plane lattice vibrations caused by van der Waals forces and flexural rigidity gives rise to a bound quasiparticle. The energy and effective mass of the formed polaron for weak and strong exciton-phonon coupling regimes are calculated and analyzed. Possible manifestations of these effects in transport- and spectroscopy-related experiments are discussed.
description: minor corrections, published version
Oscillatory convection in binary mixtures: thermodiffusion, solutal buoyancy, and advection
Creators: name: Jung, D.
name: Matura, P.
name: Luecke, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The role of thermodiffusive generation of concentration fluctuations via the Soret effect, their contribution to the buoyancy forces that drive convection, the advective mixing effect of the latter, and the diffusive homogenisation are compared and elucidated for oscillatory convection. Numerically obtained solutions of the field equations in the form of spatially extended relaxed traveling waves, of standing waves, and of the transient growth of standing waves and their transition to traveling waves are discussed as well as spatially localized convective states of traveling waves that are surrounded by the quiescent fluid.
description: 30 pages, 10 figures
Solving Sparse Linear Inverse Problems in Communication Systems: A Deep Learning Approach With Adaptive Depth
Creators: name: Chen, Wei
name: Zhang, Bowen
name: Jin, Shi
name: Ai, Bo
name: Zhong, Zhangdui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Sparse signal recovery problems from noisy linear measurements appear in many areas of wireless communications. In recent years, deep learning (DL) based approaches have attracted interests of researchers to solve the sparse linear inverse problem by unfolding iterative algorithms as neural networks. Typically, research concerning DL assume a fixed number of network layers. However, it ignores a key character in traditional iterative algorithms, where the number of iterations required for convergence changes with varying sparsity levels. By investigating on the projected gradient descent, we unveil the drawbacks of the existing DL methods with fixed depth. Then we propose an end-to-end trainable DL architecture, which involves an extra halting score at each layer. Therefore, the proposed method learns how many layers to execute to emit an output, and the network depth is dynamically adjusted for each task in the inference phase. We conduct experiments using both synthetic data and applications including random access in massive MTC and massive MIMO channel estimation, and the results demonstrate the improved efficiency for the proposed approach.
description: IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications (JSAC), accepted
On the exact survival probability by setting discrete random variables in E. Sparre Andersen's model
Creators: name: Grigutis, Andrius
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G50, 60J80, 91G05

description: In this work, we propose a simplification of the Pollaczek-Khinchine formula for the ultimate time survival (or ruin) probability calculation in exchange for a few assumptions on the random variables which generate the renewal risk model. More precisely, we show the expressibility of the distribution function $$ \mathbb{P}\left(\sup_{n\geqslant1}\sum_{i=1}^{n}(X_i-cθ_i)0$, $X$ and $cθ$ are independent non-negative and integer-valued, and the support of $θ$ is finite. We give few numerical outputs of the proven theoretical statements when the mentioned random variables admit some particular distributions.