cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Parity-violation in bouncing cosmology
Creators: name: Zhu, Mian
name: Cai, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the possibility of the enhancement of parity-violation signal in bouncing cosmology. Specifically, we are interested in deciding which phase should generate the most significant parity-violation signals. We find that the dominant contribution comes from the bouncing phase, while the contraction phase has a smaller contribution. Therefore, bouncing cosmology can enhance the parity-violation signals during the bouncing phase. Moreover, since the bouncing phase has the highest energy scale in bouncing cosmology, we can also probe new physics at this scale by studying the parity-violation effect.
description: 28 pages, 22 figures
Quantum Singularities in Horava-Lifshitz Cosmology
Creators: name: Pitelli, João Paulo M.
name: Saa, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recently proposed Horava-Lifshitz (HL) theory of gravity is analyzed from the quantum cosmology point of view. By employing usual quantum cosmology techniques, we study the quantum Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) universe filled with radiation in the context of HL gravity. We find that this universe is quantum mechanically nonsingular in two different ways: the expectation value of the scale factor $(t)$ never vanishes and, if we abandon the detailed balance condition suggested by Horava, the quantum dynamics of the universe is uniquely determined by the initial wave packet and no boundary condition at $a=0$ is indeed necessary.
description: 13 pages, revtex, 1 figure. Final version to appear in PRD
title: Journal of student affairs, vol. XXIII, 2014
title: Journal of student affairs
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: Journal of student affairs, vol. 23, 2014
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Colorado State University. Student Affairs In Higher Education, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Student affairs services -- United States -- Periodicals
subject: Student affairs administrators -- Training of -- Colorado -- Fort Collins -- Periodicals

description: The mission of the Colorado State University Journal of Student Affairs is to develop and produce a scholarly publication that reflects current national and international education issues and the professional interests of student affairs practitioners. Specifically, the Journal provides an opportunity for the publication of articles by current students, alumni, faculty, and associates of the Student Affairs in Higher Education graduate program at Colorado State University. Articles are submitted in the fall and the Journal is published mid-spring. https://sahe.colostate.edu/journal/journal-board-archives/.
description: Undocumented student access to higher education: overview of state and federal legislation / Christina A. Wright Fields -- Disruptive behavior disorders: precursors to problems for college students / Rachel L. Goold -- Examining the influence of residential college participation on student academic success and persistence / Tyler Crisman -- Battlefields and book bags: campus ecology's effect on student veterans / Kristyn M. Emmer -- Effects of gender and Facebook use on the development of mature interpersonal relationships / Ryan C. Masin, John D. Foubert -- Helping honors students choose college majors / Ingrid Davidson -- Depression and suicide prevention in Indian Country / Tiffani N. Kelly -- Exploring the use of evidence in resource allocation: towards a framework for practice / Marilee J. Bresciani, Benjamin Gillig, Mark Tucker, Matthew R. Evrard, Lauren Weiner, Lisa McCully -- The transgender student: struggles presented by a college experience / Carter E. Gilbert -- Examining the roles of seniority and hierarchy in perceived leadership competence and confidence in undergraduate student organizations / Dana R. Glink, Kathryn E. DiGiulio, Joseph G. Gasienica, Alex J. Romine, David M. Rosch -- The first-year commuter: impacts of residency and involvement on the university transition / Niamh C. O'Shea -- Circular framing: a model for applying Bolman and Deal's four frames in student affairs administration / Rishi Sriram, Jesse Hines Farley -- The isomorphic importance of amateurism in intercollegiate athletics / Carl Mehta -- Students with Autism Spectrum Disorders: examining symptoms and implications for student affairs practitioners / Emma Hart, Maria R. Marinucci -- Academic international field experiences in student affairs / Olivia Des Chenes, Spencer Ellis.
A Global Empirical Evaluation of New Communication Technology Use and Democratic Tendency
Creators: name: Stodden, Victoria C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Internet
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Is the dramatic increase in Internet use associated with a commensurate rise in democracy? Few previous studies have drawn on multiple perception-based measures of governance to assess the Internets effects on the process of democratization. This paper uses perception-based time series data on "Voice & Accountability," "Political Stability," and "Rule of Law" to provide insights into democratic tendency. The results of regression analysis suggest that the level of "Voice & Accountability" in a country increases with Internet use, while the level of "Political Stability" decreases with increasing Internet use. Additionally, Internet use was found to increase significantly for countries with increasing levels of "Voice & Accountability" In contrast, "Rule of Law" was not significantly affected by a country's level of Internet use. Increasing cell phone use did not seem to affect either "Voice & Accountability", "Political Stability" or "Rule of Law." In turn, cell phone use was not affected by any of these three measures of democratic tendency. When limiting our analysis to autocratic regimes, we noted a significant negative effect of Internet and cell phone use on "Political Stability" and found that the "Rule of Law" and "Political Stability" metrics drove ICT adoption.
A hybrid immersed boundary method for dense particle-laden flows
Creators: name: Chéron, Victor
name: Evrard, Fabien
name: van Wachem, Berend
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A novel smooth immersed boundary method (IBM) based on a direct-forcing formulation is proposed to simulate incompressible dense particle-laden flows. This IBM relies on a regularization of the transfer function between the Eulerian grid points (to discretise the fluid governing equations) and Lagrangian markers (to represent the particle surface) to fulfill the no-slip condition at the surfaces of the particles, allowing both symmetrical and non-symmetrical interpolation and spreading supports to be used. This enables that local source term contributions to the Eulerian grid, accounting for the boundary condition enforced at a Lagrangian marker on the surface of a particle, can be present on the inside of the particle only when this is beneficial, for instance when the Lagrangian marker is near another particle surface or near a domain boundary. However, when the Lagrangian marker is not near another particle surface or a domain boundary, the interpolation and spreading operators are locally symmetrical, meaning a ``classic'' IBM scheme is adopted. This approach, named hybrid IBM (HyBM), is validated with a number of test-cases from the literature. These results show that the HyBM achieves more accurate results compared to a classical IBM framework, especially at coarser mesh resolutions, when there are Lagrangian markers close to a particle surface or a domain wall.
title: Usual and unusual ultrasound findings of dilated inguinal canal in pediatric population
Creators: name: PITSOULAKI, DESPOINA
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Paediatric
subject: Paediatric
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Dilatation
subject: Hernia
subject: Retrospective
subject: Diagnostic or prognostic study
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: We present the wide spectrum of ultrasound findings of the dilated inguinal canal in neonates and...
ALDR: A New Metric for Measuring Effective Layering of Defenses
Creators: name: Boggs, Nathaniel Gordon
name: Stolfo, Salvatore
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Computer science

description: Attackers continually innovate and craft attacks that penetrate existing defenses. New security product purchasing decisions are key in order to keep organizations as secure as possible. Current information available to inform these decisions is often limited to individual security product detection/blocking rates for some test set of attacks. Actual security performance, however, depends on how a security product performs in the context of an organization’s existing security products. Even a security product that tests well on its own may be completely redundant when deployed into an existing environment. We propose a new metric that measures the total security granted by a combination of security products. Also, this metric makes the computation of the added benefit of an additional security product easy. We take the results of each individual security product parsing a certain data set and then, take the union of the results of all security products deployed at that organization. Our metric is the attacks in this union divided by the total attacks in the data set or, in other words, the total detection rate achieved by the whole system. This metric can be computed using existing evaluation techniques and provides a more accurate overall picture of the security posture of an organization as well as a way to measure the real contribution of a specific security product in the context of other security layers.
Alterations in structural macromolecules and chondrocyte deformations in lapine retropatellar cartilage 9 weeks after anterior cruciate ligament transection
Creators: name: Han, Sang Kuy
name: Ronkainen, Ari P.
name: Saarakkala, Simo J.
name: Rieppo, Lassi
name: Herzog, Walter
name: Korhonen, Rami K.
Publisher: name: Wiley-Blackwell
Year: 2018
Subjects: articular cartilage
chondrocyte
collagen fibre
osteoarthritis
proteoglycans

description: The structural integrity and mechanical environment of the articular cartilage matrix directly affect chondrocyte deformations. Rabbit models of early osteoarthritis at 9 weeks following anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) have been shown to alter the deformation behavior of superficial zone chondrocytes in mechanically loaded articular cartilage. However, it is not fully understood whether these changes in cell mechanics are caused by changes in structural macromolecules in the extracellular matrix. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to characterize the proteoglycan content, collagen content, and collagen orientation at 9 weeks post ACLT using microscopic techniques, and relate these changes to the altered cell mechanics observed upon mechanical loading of cartilage. At 9 weeks following ACLT, collagen orientation was significantly (p < 0.05) altered and proteoglycan content was significantly (p < 0.05) reduced in the superficial zone cartilage matrix. These structural changes either in the extracellular or pericellular matrix (ECM and PCM) were also correlated significantly (p < 0.05) with chondrocyte width and height changes, thereby suggesting that chondrocyte deformation response to mechanical compression in early OA changes primarily because of alterations in matrix structure. However, compared to the normal group, proteoglycan content in the PCM from the ACLT group decreased less than that in the surrounding ECM. Therefore, PCM could play a key role to protect excessive chondrocyte deformations in the ACLT group. 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:342350, 2018.
Social features of online networks: the strength of intermediary ties in online social media
Creators: name: Grabowicz, Przemyslaw A.
name: Ramasco, Jose J.
name: Moro, Esteban
name: Pujol, Josep
name: Eguiluz, Victor M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An increasing fraction of today social interactions occur using online social media as communication channels. Recent worldwide events, such as social movements in Spain or revolts in the Middle East, highlight their capacity to boost people coordination. Online networks display in general a rich internal structure where users can choose among different types and intensity of interactions. Despite of this, there are still open questions regarding the social value of online interactions. For example, the existence of users with millions of online friends sheds doubts on the relevance of these relations. In this work, we focus on Twitter, one of the most popular online social networks, and find that the network formed by the basic type of connections is organized in groups. The activity of the users conforms to the landscape determined by such groups. Furthermore, Twitter's distinction between different types of interactions allows us to establish a parallelism between online and offline social networks: personal interactions are more likely to occur on internal links to the groups (the weakness of strong ties), events transmitting new information go preferentially through links connecting different groups (the strength of weak ties) or even more through links connecting to users belonging to several groups that act as brokers (the strength of intermediary ties).
description: 14 pages, 18 figures
Balanced Allocations in Batches: The Tower of Two Choices
Creators: name: Los, Dimitrios
name: Sauerwald, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: G.3; G.2.m; F.2.2
subject: 68W20, 68W27, 68W40, 60C05

description: In balanced allocations, the goal is to place $m$ balls into $n$ bins, so as to minimize the gap (difference of max to average load). The One-Choice process places each ball to a bin sampled independently and uniformly at random. The Two-Choice process places balls in the least loaded of two sampled bins. Finally, the $(1+β)$-process mixes these processes, meaning each ball is allocated using Two-Choice with probability $β\in(0,1)$, and using One-Choice otherwise. Despite Two-Choice being optimal in the sequential setting, it has been observed in practice that it does not perform well in a parallel environment, where load information may be outdated. Following [BCEFN12], we study such a parallel setting where balls are allocated in batches of size $b$, and balls within the same batch are allocated with the same strategy and based on the same load information. For small batch sizes $b\in[n,n\log n]$, it was shown in [LS22a] that Two-Choice achieves an asymptotically optimal gap among all processes with a constant number of samples. In this work, we focus on larger batch sizes $b\in[n\log n,n^3]$. It was proved in [LS22c] that Two-Choice leads to a gap of $Θ(b/n)$. As our main result, we prove that the gap reduces to $O(\sqrt{(b/n)\cdot\log n})$, if one runs the $(1+β)$-process with an appropriately chosen $β$ (in fact this result holds for a larger class of processes). This not only proves the phenomenon that Two-Choice is not the best (leading to the formation of "towers" over previously light bins), but also that mixing two processes (One-Choice and Two-Choice) leads to a process which achieves a gap that is asymptotically smaller than both. We also derive a matching lower bound of $Ω(\sqrt{(b/n)\cdot\log n})$ for any allocation process, which demonstrates that the above $(1+β)$-process is asymptotically optimal.
description: 36 pages;6 figures; 2 tables. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2203.13902
Improvements to the standard forest products trade model : illegal logging
Creators: name: Northway, Steven
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This dissertation describes three improvements to the standard forest products trade model. The standard model typically contains multiple regions, multiple products, multiple manufacturing processes, price sensitive supply, price sensitive demand and transportation costs between regions. The models are used to predict sectoral economic activity and the trade of products among countries while contributing to policy creation, implementation and evaluation. The standard model has remained substantially unchanged since it was introduced in the early 1980s. This dissertation is organized into four manuscripts. The first and second manuscripts introduce structural improvements to the standard model. The first manuscript suggests replacing the standard manufacturing cost component with a theoretically coherent cost component based on variable marginal costs. The second manuscript suggests replacing the idiosyncratic use of trade inertia with the use of Armington elasticities. The third and fourth manuscripts lead to content improvements in the modeling of illegal logging. The third manuscript presents a background analysis that explores the causal links between a country’s development and corruption. The fourth and final manuscript utilizes the results of the three previous manuscripts in calibrating a revised trade model with special reference to illegal logging in Indonesia and its trade with China. This revised trade model incorporates the variable cost manufacturing component from the first manuscript, Armington elasticities from the second manuscript and predictions of corruption from the third manuscript.
title: Multimodality imaging of Pancreatic Trauma and Complications: What the Surgeon wants to know
Creators: name: Iacobellis, Francesca
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Emergency Imaging
subject: Pancreas
subject: Trauma
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Trauma
subject: Not applicable
subject: Multicentre study

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To learn the CT imaging protocol in major traumas To differentiate between minor and major pancreatic features by MDCT To learn the key findings to be included in the report To understand the major MR role in the work-up of pancreatic trauma. To...
Estimation and Early Prediction of Grip Force Based on sEMG Signals and Deep Recurrent Neural Networks
Creators: name: Ghorbani, Atusa
name: Yousefi-Koma, Aghil
name: Vedadi, Amirhosein
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Hands are used for communicating with the surrounding environment and have a complex structure that enables them to perform various tasks with their multiple degrees of freedom. Hand amputation can prevent a person from performing their daily activities. In that event, finding a suitable, fast, and reliable alternative for the missing limb can affect the lives of people who suffer from such conditions. As the most important use of the hands is to grasp objects, the purpose of this study is to accurately predict gripping force from surface electromyography (sEMG) signals during a pinch-type grip. In that regard, gripping force and sEMG signals are derived from 10 healthy subjects. Results show that for this task, recurrent networks outperform nonrecurrent ones, such as a fully connected multilayer perceptron (MLP) network. Gated recurrent unit (GRU) and long short-term memory (LSTM) networks can predict the gripping force with R-squared values of 0.994 and 0.992, respectively, and a prediction rate of over 1300 predictions per second. The predominant advantage of using such frameworks is that the gripping force can be predicted straight from preprocessed sEMG signals without any form of feature extraction, not to mention the ability to predict future force values using larger prediction horizons adequately. The methods presented in this study can be used in the myoelectric control of prosthetic hands or robotic grippers.
description: 9 pages, accepted for publication in journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering
Assessing Hydrologic and Policy Implications of Irrigation on the Canadian Prairies Under Climate Change
Creators: name: Vonderbank, Lucas
Publisher: name: Schulich School of Engineering
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: climate change
subject: irrigation
subject: Saskatchewan River Basin
subject: hydrologic modelling
subject: Agriculture
subject: Hydrology
subject: Engineering
subject: Engineering--Environmental

description: The Saskatchewan River Basin (SRB) covers a large portion of the Canadian Prairies. Agriculture represents a dominant land-use in the SRB, and since the early 1900s irrigation has evolved to become an important part of the sector, improving yields and enabling the production of high-value crops. With climate change projected to increase temperatures and alter precipitation patterns, uncertainty surrounding water security for irrigators and First Nations in the SRB is expected to increase. Given the impacts of climate change, the recent announcements from the Alberta and Saskatchewan Governments regarding irrigation expansion, and the risks faced by First Nations under changing streamflow conditions, a hydrologic analysis of the SRB that dynamically incorporates climate change and irrigation is required to assess future water security and the viability of current water governance (i.e., the Master Agreement on Apportionment). This study integrates Prairie-specific irrigation in the HYPE hydrologic model, and uses RCP8.5 NA-CORDEX climate simulations from 1976 to 2070 to estimate the effects of climate change. The results indicate that (1) drier summers are likely to put a strain on irrigation water supplies during the growing season; (2) that irrigation in the upstream reaches of the basin may cause reduced streamflow and a loss of seasonality in the downstream reaches, with implications for riparian ecosystems and the Saskatchewan River Delta; (3) that the system of prior allocation in Alberta puts disproportional water security risk on First Nations under low flow conditions; and (4) that compliance with the Master Agreement on Apportionment may become increasingly challenging on the South Saskatchewan River under future conditions.
Model-Independent Radiative Symmetry Breaking and Gravitational Waves
Creators: name: Salvio, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Models where symmetries are predominantly broken (and masses are then generated) through radiative corrections typically produce strong first-order phase transitions with a period of supercooling, when the temperature dropped by several orders of magnitude. Here it is shown that a model-independent description of these phenomena and the consequent production of potentially observable gravitational waves is possible in terms of few parameters (which are computable once the model is specified) if enough supercooling occurred. It is explicitly found how large the supercooling should be in terms of those parameters, in order for the model-independent description to be valid. It is also explained how to systematically improve the accuracy of such description by computing higher-order corrections in an expansion in powers of a small quantity, which is a function of the above-mentioned parameters. Furthermore, the corresponding gravitational wave spectrum is compared with the existing experimental results from the latest observing run of LIGO and VIRGO and the expected sensitivities of future gravitational wave experiments to find regions of the parameter space that are either ruled out or can lead to a future detection.
description: 27 pages, 5 figures, published version
title: Journal of student affairs, vol. XXVII, 2017-2018
title: Journal of student affairs
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: Journal of student affairs, vol. 27, 2017-2018
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Colorado State University. Student Affairs In Higher Education, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Student affairs services -- United States
subject: Student affairs administrators -- Training of -- Colorado -- Fort Collins

description: The mission of the Colorado State University Journal of Student Affairs is to develop and produce a scholarly publication that reflects current national and international education issues and the professional interests of student affairs practitioners. Specifically, the Journal provides an opportunity for the publication of articles by current students, alumni, faculty, and associates of the Student Affairs in Higher Education graduate program at Colorado State University. Articles are submitted in the fall and the Journal is published mid-spring. https://sahe.colostate.edu/journal/journal-board-archives/.
description: Includes bibliographical references.
description: Ending White Innocence in Student Affairs and Higher Education / OiYan Poon -- Not Non-traditional, the New Normal: Adult Learners and the Role of Student Affairs in Support Older College Students / Constance Iloh -- A Dual-Process Approach to Testing the Effectiveness of a Social Media Activism Workshop / Drew T. Ashby-King and Lisa K. Hanasono -- Black Student Involvement: Student Government Association and Developmental Outcomes at Historically Black Colleges and Universities / Travis C. Smith -- An Exploratory Qualitative Study of Work-Life Balance Experiences of Mothers in Doctoral Programs / Ashley L. Isreal, Tracy D. Butler, and Rebecca A. Garcia -- Critical Race Reflections on Self-Authorship and the Learning Partnerships Model / Aeriel A. Ashlee, Kyle C. Ashlee, Wilson Okello, and Shamika N. Karikari -- Sense of Belonging Among American Indian/Alaska Native Students / Elena Nourrie -- Comprehension in a Crisis: Evaluating the Readability and Translation of Emergency Response Messaging / Zachary W. Taylor -- A Review of Sense of Belonging for LGB Fraternity and Sorority Members: Recommendations for Research and Practice / Michael D. Giacalone.
title: Diagnosis of Pulmonary Vasculitis using HRCT: a pictural essay
Creators: name: Ini', Corrado
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Inflammation
subject: Computer Applications-General
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: CT
subject: Pulmonary vessels
subject: Lung
subject: Vascular

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: The lung is commonly involved in systemic vasculitides with heterogeneous clinical, radiological and histopathological presentations. This pictorial essay focuses on radiological features of pulmonary vasculitides using high-resolution CT (HRCT),...
From Prey to Hunter: Transforming Legacy Embedded Devices into Exploitation Sensor Grids
Creators: name: Cui, Ang
name: Kataria, Jatin
name: Stolfo, Salvatore
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Computer science

description: Our global communication infrastructures are powered by large numbers of legacy embedded devices. Recent advances in offensive technologies targeting embedded systems have shown that the stealthy exploitation of high-value embedded devices such as router and firewalls is indeed feasible. However, little to no host-based defensive technology is available to monitor and protect these devices, leaving large numbers of critical devices defenseless against exploitation. We devised a method of augmenting legacy embedded devices, like Cisco routers, with host-based defenses in order to create a stealthy, embedded sensor-grid capable of monitoring and capturing real-world attacks against the devices which constitute the bulk of the Internet substrate. Using a software mechanism which we call the Symbiote, a white-list based code modification detector is automatically injected in situ into Cisco IOS, producing a fully functional router firmware capable of detecting and capturing successful attacks against itself for analysis. Using the Symbiote-protected router as the main component, we designed a sensor system which requires no modification to existing hardware, fully preserves the functionality of the original firmware, and detects unauthorized modification of memory within 450 ms. We believe that it is feasible to use the techniques described in this paper to inject monitoring and defensive capability into existing routers to create an early attack warning system to protect the Internet substrate.
title: Non Traumatic Spinal Emergencies: A pictorial review
Creators: name: Akyuz, Melih
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuro
subject: CNS
subject: MR
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Education and training
subject: Not applicable
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To categorize underlying etiologies of non-traumatic spinal emergencies To give noteworthy examples and describe the imaging findings through MR and CT To perform proper differential diagnosis for tailored clinical...
title: Pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma with typical and atypical locations
Creators: name: Durmaz, Selahattin
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Observational
subject: Retrospective
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Cancer
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: Paediatric
subject: Oncology
subject: Paediatric

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To review MRI features of rhabdomyosarcoma(RMS) and be familiar with RMS lesions located at atypical sites of the body in the pediatric age...
The Neutrino Magnetic Moment Portal and Supernovae: New Constraints and Multimessenger Opportunities
Creators: name: Brdar, Vedran
name: de Gouvêa, André
name: Li, Ying-Ying
name: Machado, Pedro A. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We scrutinize the hypothesis that gauge singlet fermions -- sterile neutrinos -- interact with Standard Model particles through the transition magnetic moment portal. These interactions lead to the production of sterile neutrinos in supernovae followed by their decay into photons and active neutrinos which can be detected at $γ$-ray telescopes and neutrino detectors, respectively. We find that the non-observation of active neutrinos and photons from sterile-neutrino decay associated to SN1987A yields the strongest constraints to date on magnetic-moment-coupled sterile neutrinos if their masses are inside a $0.1-100$ MeV window. Assuming a near-future galactic supernova explosion, we estimate the sensitivity of several present and near-future experiments, including Fermi-LAT, e-ASTROGAM, DUNE, and Hyper-Kamiokande, to magnetic-moment-coupled sterile neutrinos. We also study the diffuse photon and neutrino fluxes produced in the decay of magnetic-moment coupled sterile neutrinos produced in all past supernova explosions and find that the absence of these decay daughters yields the strongest constraints to date for sterile neutrino masses inside a $1-100$ keV window.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Scheduling-Independent Threads and Exceptions in SHIM
Creators: name: Tardieu, Olivier
name: Edwards, Stephen A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Computer science

description: Concurrent programming languages should be a good fit for embedded systems because they match the intrinsic parallelism of their architectures and environments. Unfortunately, typical concurrent programming formalisms are prone to races and nondeterminism, despite the presence of mechanisms such as monitors. In this paper, we propose SHIM, the core of a deterministic concurrent language, meaning the behavior of a program is independent of the scheduling of concurrent operations. SHIM does not sacrifice power or flexibility to achieve this determinism. It supports both synchronous and asynchronous paradigms-loosely and tightly synchronized threads-the dynamic creation of threads and shared variables, recursive procedures, and exceptions. We illustrate our programming model with examples including breadth-first-search algorithms and pipelines. By construction, they are race-free. We provide the formal semantics of SHIM and a preliminary implementation.
Security analysis of the time-coding quantum key distribution protocols
Creators: name: Debuisschert, Thierry
name: Fossier, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the security analysis of time-coding quantum key distribution protocols. The protocols make use of coherent single-photon pulses. The key is encoded in the photon time-detection. The use of coherent superposition of states allows to detect eavesdropping of the key. We give a mathematical model of a first protocol from which we derive a second, simpler, protocol. We derive the security analysis of both protocols and find that the secure rates can be similar to those obtained with the BB84 protocol. We then calculate the secure distance for those protocols over standard fibre links. When using low-noise superconducting single photon detectors, secure distances over 200 km can be foreseen. Finally, we analyse the consequences of photon-number splitting attacks when faint pulses are used instead of single photon pulses. A decoy states technique can be used to prevent such attacks.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
The take on youth rugby in Canada: Video-analyses examining suspected injuries, concussions, and match events in youth rugby players
Creators: name: Price, Taylor Madison
Publisher: name: Kinesiology
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Rugby
subject: Female
subject: Athlete
subject: Youth
subject: Athletic injury
subject: Concussion
subject: Video-analysis
subject: Epidemiology
subject: Public Health

description: This MSc thesis contains two video analysis projects focused on Canadian youth rugby. The first project evaluated game play from one season for events, injuries, and an exploratory analysis into the effect of pitch density on these rates. The second study compares event and injury rates from one high-school 7s and 15s rugby season in both sexes. Objective: To determine the match event, suspected injury, and concussion rates in youth club rugby in males and females (U13, U16, U18) and also between 7s and 15s rugby in female and male senior high-school rugby players. Methods: This is a cross-sectional video analysis study utilizing club video from June to September 2021 and high-school footage from March to June 2022. Video was coded using Nacsport video analysis software. Suspected injuries and concussions were reviewed based on previously validated criteria following an inter-rater reliability assessment. Results: In club rugby, the highest suspected injury rate of 234 injuries-per-1000-hours (95% CIs; 116.8 – 418.7) was found in U13 females, a 3-fold higher rate that U13 males and a 4.6-fold higher rate than U16 females. Concussions followed a similar trend with significantly higher rates found in U13 and U18 females compared to U16. In high school, the highest injury rates were found in rugby 7s, with 205.1 suspected injuries-per-1000-hours (95% CIs; 98.3 – 377.1) in females and 223.6 suspected injuries-per-1000-hours (95% CIs; 115.5-380.6) in males. The tackle was consistently the most injurious event in all cohorts. Smaller field sizes (higher pitch density) resulted in higher suspected injury rates. Conclusions: Canadian youth rugby players hold a unique set of risk factors due to the cultural landscape of rugby in Canada and the associated inexperience. High suspected injury and concussion rates in youth warrant further investigation into tackle specific injury prevention tools, specifically in females.
No Way to Treat Our Friends: Recasting Recent U.S.-Georgian Relations
Creators: name: Cooley, Alexander A.
name: Mitchell, Lincoln A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Sovereignty
Intervention (International law)
International relations

description: The tragic August conflict between Georgia and Russia has initiated a wave of accusations about which side was to blame for the outbreak of full-scale war. The war and its aftermath have ratcheted tensions between the West and Russia, as the international community pressures Moscow to withdraw its troops from Georgian territory and abide by its ceasefire obligations. Russia's reckless decision to recognize the independence of South Ossetia and Abkhazia not only contravenes international law regarding sovereign statehood, but if allowed to stand, would establish the unacceptable precedent that countries can justify military intervention in the territory of a neighbor by invoking the rights of their ethnic citizens. Not surprisingly, Moscow has found little support in the international community for its heavy-handed actions, even among countries friendly to Russia. Yet, as analysts focus on the Russian-Georgian relationship, the questions of how the United States—Georgia's friend and patron—failed to anticipate the conflict and prevent its escalation need to be addressed. Two unequivocal, but ultimately flawed, principles guided recent U.S. policy towards Georgia. First, the United States supported the Saakashvili government, rather than promoting broader Georgian democratic development. Second, the United States backed reuniting Georgia's territorial integrity, rather than acting as an honest broker to resolve the frozen conflicts with South Ossetia and Abkhazia. The strong personalized ties that developed between Washington and Tbilisi prevented the United States from using its power and influence to credibly restrain the Saakashvili government from adopting a military solution. U.S. reluctance to encourage Georgia to consider alternative sovereign formulas to resolve the frozen conflicts further emboldened Georgian hardliners. Over time, the Georgian regime's domestic policies and priorities themselves became official U.S. policies and goals, leading to an unhealthy capture of U.S. foreign policy by Tbilisi. Looking forward, the United States must continue to offer robust and sustained support to Georgia and its democratic development, but should do so by reversing these demonstrably flawed principles. What policies should the new U.S. administration adopt that would preserve its friendly relations with Georgia, while seeking to resolve the ongoing tensions in South Ossetia and Abkhazia?
A Handheld Fine-Grained RFID Localization System with Complex-Controlled Polarization
Creators: name: Dodds, Laura
name: Perper, Isaac
name: Eid, Aline
name: Adib, Fadel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: There is much interest in fine-grained RFID localization systems. Existing systems for accurate localization typically require infrastructure, either in the form of extensive reference tags or many antennas (e.g., antenna arrays) to localize RFID tags within their radio range. Yet, there remains a need for fine-grained RFID localization solutions that are in a compact, portable, mobile form, that can be held by users as they walk around areas to map them, such as in retail stores, warehouses, or manufacturing plants. We present the design, implementation, and evaluation of POLAR, a portable handheld system for fine-grained RFID localization. Our design introduces two key innovations that enable robust, accurate, and real-time localization of RFID tags. The first is complex-controlled polarization (CCP), a mechanism for localizing RFIDs at all orientations through software-controlled polarization of two linearly polarized antennas. The second is joint tag discovery and localization (JTDL), a method for simultaneously localizing and reading tags with zero-overhead regardless of tag orientation. Building on these two techniques, we develop an end-to-end handheld system that addresses a number of practical challenges in self-interference, efficient inventorying, and self-localization. Our evaluation demonstrates that POLAR achieves a median accuracy of a few centimeters in each of the x/y/z dimensions in practical indoor environments.
title: Pelvic Inflammatory Disease: A Resident's Primer
Creators: name: Naik, Mitesh
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genitourinary
subject: Abdomen
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: Pelvis
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Drainage
subject: Education and training
subject: Pathology
subject: Not applicable

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Outline the pathway of ascending infection in pelvic inflammatory disease Review the key imaging findings in pelvic inflammatory disease on all modalities (CT, MRI, ultrasound) Describe common complications relating to pelvic inflammatory disease...
Upper bounds on the size of 4- and 6-cycle-free subgraphs of the hypercube
Creators: name: Balogh, József
name: Hu, Ping
name: Lidický, Bernard
name: Liu, Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we modify slightly Razborov's flag algebra machinery to be suitable for the hypercube. We use this modified method to show that the maximum number of edges of a 4-cycle-free subgraph of the n-dimensional hypercube is at most 0.6068 times the number of its edges. We also improve the upper bound on the number of edges for 6-cycle-free subgraphs of the n-dimensional hypercube from the square root of 2 - 1 to 0.3755 times the number of its edges. Additionally, we show that if the n-dimensional hypercube is considered as a poset, then the maximum vertex density of three middle layers in an induced subgraph without 4-cycles is at most 2.15121 times n choose n/2.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures
title: The role of post-processing techniques in forensic computed tomography imaging.
Creators: name: Lupi, Amalia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Imaging Informatics
subject: Forensic / Necropsy studies
subject: CT
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Forensics
subject: Retrospective
subject: Observational
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Aim of this study was to assess the role of different imaging post-processing techniques in providing information that could significantly contribute to the identification of the cause of death in forensic...
Strain Rate Dependent Response and Fluid Load Support of the Knee Joint Under Compression
Creators: name: Rodriguez Marval, Marcel Leonardo
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: compression-rate dependence
subject: human knee joint
subject: dual fluoroscopy
subject: finite element method
subject: Engineering--Mechanical

description: The human knee joint is subjected to loading changes during daily activities. The investigation of the load response mechanisms within the knee contributes to the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of injury and disease of the joint. The load response of articular cartilage in the joint highly depends on the compression rate. This response has been extensively investigated in vitro with tissue discs, but not sufficiently examined in situ and in vivo within the intact joint. Computational simulation is a widely used tool to study this response. The development of imaging techniques has contributed to obtaining an accurate geometry of the knee joint, whose behaviour can then be simulated considering realistic contact conditions during knee compression. The role of the complex anatomy of the knee and its interplay between the various tissues needs to be considered in simulations and in vitro and in vivo studies to understand joint mechanics. This research is intended to deepen the understanding of the stress relaxation and creep response of the knee joint when the realistic human or animal geometry is considered. The objectives of this research are to (1) determine the compression rate-dependent response of the healthy and meniscectomized knee joints, (2) explore the role of fluid load support in healthy porcine knee joints subjected to compression and (3) evaluate the creep response of human knee joint in vivo using a combined imaging approach of MRI and dual fluoroscopy. Results from porcine joint tests revealed significant nonlinear compression-rate dependent load response and the influence of tissue hydration. A human subject test showed the feasibility of studying the creep response of the human joint in vivo, which may be used to validate a geometrically accurate model for computational simulations. This research will provide a better understanding of load share between the fluid pressure and tissue matrices within the knee joint, and how the load share changes with a compression rate that varies in daily activity.