cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of Use of wearable biometric monitoring devices to measure outcomes in randomized clinical trials: a methodological systematic review
Creators: name: Graña Possamai, Carolina
name: Ravaud, Philippe
name: Ghosn, Lina
name: Tran, Viet-Thi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Appendix 1: Search strategy. Appendix 2: List of studies included in the review (n = 75). Appendix 3: Outcome definitions used to assess a given concept of interest (n = 75 trials measuring 464 outcomes). The Jaccard similarity coefficient measures the similarity of outcomes used in 2 trials. It ranges from 0 (no overlap of outcomes) to 1 (complete overlap of outcomes). The Jaccard similarity coefficient is calculated as s/(u1 + u2 + s), where s is the number of similar outcome definitions the 2 trials share, and u1 and u2 are the number of outcome definitions that are unique to each of the trials. The average Jaccard similarity coefficient is the arithmetic mean of coefficients for all possible combinations of 2 trials. Appendix 4: Outcome definitions in randomized controlled trials that used biometric monitoring devices (BMDs) for adherence to treatment, blood pressure control, diabetic foot assessment, heart rate variability and sleep quality. Each node represents a given outcome definition characterized by its domain, measurement method, metric, aggregation method and time frame. The size of nodes represents the number of times each outcome definition was used in the included trials. Outcome definitions are clustered by outcome domains. Appendix 5: List of unique definitions of outcomes measured with BMDs.
[Documentation]
Creators: name: Puster, Glenn
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: To indicate my interests regarding the work I have undertaken in the last seven years I would have to reflect upon it and say that my art was born of an urge to express primal or primeval forms in a physical state, that 'state' being my own interpretation of sculpture. I couldn't claim that this has been a direct intention, moreover it is a reaction to placing myself in the situation of being a 'creator' or image maker. My intention is, rather, that the symbols suggested by the physical make-ups of these images are put together in such a way as to allow a contemplative study and/or psychological impact on visual contact without each individual piece necessarily stating categorically what it is supposed to be. Thus the 'primal' reaction to viewing a work is a type of recognition not necessarily understood because of its portrayal of analogued information or references to obvious symbols, styles and allusions. The directions taken in my work are not an attempt to extend or expand on any 'schools of thought', though I am conscious of the fact that my work draws from a pool that is my understanding of art history. I would also have to admit a direct influence in adopting an automatistic way of working, an approach introduced through the surrealist and abstract expressionist movements. New ground covered since the inception of these movements and the developments of the possibilities introduced in sculpture in the twentieth century I consider as raw materials from which to build the type of visual dialogue I propose to develop. I am proposing that the working process of making sculpture is a school of thought within itself and that the ideas are developed through this process.
Non-Equilibrium Edge Channel Spectroscopy in the Integer Quantum Hall Regime
Creators: name: Altimiras, C.
name: Sueur, H. le
name: Gennser, U.
name: Cavanna, A.
name: Mailly, D.
name: Pierre, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heat transport has large potentialities to unveil new physics in mesoscopic systems. A striking illustration is the integer quantum Hall regime, where the robustness of Hall currents limits information accessible from charge transport. Consequently, the gapless edge excitations are incompletely understood. The effective edge states theory describes them as prototypal one-dimensional chiral fermions - a simple picture that explains a large body of observations and calls for quantum information experiments with quantum point contacts in the role of beam splitters. However, it is in ostensible disagreement with the prevailing theoretical framework that predicts, in most situations, additional gapless edge modes. Here, we present a setup which gives access to the energy distribution, and consequently to the energy current, in an edge channel brought out-of-equilibrium. This provides a stringent test of whether the additional states capture part of the injected energy. Our results show it is not the case and thereby demonstrate regarding energy transport, the quantum optics analogy of quantum point contacts and beam splitters. Beyond the quantum Hall regime, this novel spectroscopy technique opens a new window for heat transport and out-of-equilibrium experiments.
description: 13 pages including supplementary information, Nature Physics in print
Scopariinae Guenee 1854
Creators: name: Léger, Théo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Crambidae

description: SCOPARIINAE Guenée, 1854
Type genus: Scoparia Haworth, 1811
= Eudoraeina Selys-Longchamps, 1844: 20
description: Published as part of Léger, Théo, 2024, Half of the Diversity Undescribed: Integrative Taxonomy Reveals 32 New Species and a High Cryptic Diversity in the Scopariinae and Crambinae of the Philippines (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), pp. 1-93 in Bulletin of the Society of Systematic Biologists 3 (2) on page 4, DOI: 10.18061/bssb.v3i2.9527, http://zenodo.org/record/15116964
PR - Scenario Analysis On Farm Income Of Dutch Dairy Farmers Through 2020
Creators: name: Van Den Hengel, Jeroen
name: Ondersteijn, Christien
name: Wisse, Adriaan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: dairy farming
subject: farm income
subject: scenario

description: Dairy farmers in the Netherlands and in the rest of Europe have to cope with fast and vast developments in agricultural policy. The outcome of the CAP reforms, WTO negotiations, and changes in agricultural markets are uncertain. Each farmer should be well aware of the possible consequences. However, it is difficult to translate these developments into concrete expectations on future income levels. In this study we try to give sense to the possible outcomes under various scenarios. A reference scenario (â€˜baselineâ€™), as well as two alternative scenarios (â€˜liberalisationâ€™ and â€˜regionalisationâ€™) are considered. For each of these scenarios the trends in price level and price variance are estimated for the input factors: milk prices, animal returns, feeding costs and manure disposal costs. Using the estimated prices of the input factors, a dairy farm model is used to calculate future farm income. The effect of regionalisation and liberalisation on the future level and fluctuations in farm income is apparent.
description: Seventeenth International Farm Management Congress, Illinois State University, USA, July 19-24, 2009
PR - Strategy Recognition And Implementation By New Zealand Pastoral Farming Strategists
Creators: name: Beijeman, Andrew
name: Shadbolt, Nicola M.
name: Gray, Dave
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: strategic management
subject: schools of thought
subject: strategic thinking

description: Strategic management is often reduced by researchers to a set of simple concepts and processes. They describe what strategy is and how it should be practiced. The models or schools of thought that have been developed began with a quite mechanistic approach to strategic management with little appreciation of how strategy was recognised or created and have evolved to an appreciation of the complexity of the business systems and the important role of the people within them. Farm management literature and extension methods do not appear to have followed this evolution. Three case study farms, all successful strategic managers, were researched to identify the process by which they have identified, developed and implemented strategy in recent years. In all cases it was evident that the practices of these farmers could be described more by the recent schools of thought than by the classical schools. In the volatile, unprotected world that characterises New Zealand agriculture it can be concluded that strategising is a necessary skill and one that requires further research and inclusion in the farm management literature and extension programmes.
description: Seventeenth International Farm Management Congress, Illinois State University, USA, July 19-24, 2009
Physical Classification of Galaxies with MOPED/VESPA
Creators: name: Jimenez, Raul
name: Heavens, Alan F.
name: Panter, Ben
name: Tojeiro, Rita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The availability of high-quality spectra for a large number of galaxies in the SDSS survey allows for a more sophisticated extraction of information about their stellar populations than, e.g., the luminosity weighted age. Indeed, sophisticated and robust techniques to fully analyze galaxy spectra have now reached enough maturity as to trust their results and findings. By reconstructing the star formation and metallicity history of galaxies from the SDSS fossil record and analyzing how it relates to its environment, we have learned how to classify galaxies: to first order the evolution of a galaxy is determined by its present stellar mass, which in turn seems to be governed by the merger rate of dark halos.
description: Invited talk at the class2008 meeting in Ringberg
Can copper-coated surfaces prevent healthcare-associated infections?
Creators: name: Rutala, W.A.
name: Otter, J.A.
name: Weber, D.J.
Publisher: name: Cambridge University Press
Year: 2017

description: Despite dramatic decreases in the incidence of healthcareassociated
infections (HAIs) in recent years, a large prevalence
study of US acute-care hospitals estimated that ~722,000 HAIs
occurred in 2011, resulting in ~75,000 deaths.1 Several
decades ago, Weinstein2 theorized that pathogens causing HAIs
in the intensive care unit (ICU) had several sources: the patients’
endogenous flora (40%–60%), cross-infection via the hands of
healthcare personnel (HCP; 20%–40%), antibiotic-driven
changes in flora (20%–25%), and other causes (including
contamination of the environment; 20%).2 More recently,
accumulating scientific evidence has indicated that contamination
of environmental surfaces in hospital rooms plays an
important role in the transmission of several key healthcareassociated
pathogens, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus
aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp
(VRE), Clostridium difficile, Acinetobacter spp, and norovirus
Quantum teleportation scheme by selecting one of multiple output ports
Creators: name: Ishizaka, Satoshi
name: Hiroshima, Tohya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The scheme of quantum teleportation, where Bob has multiple (N) output ports and obtains the teleported state by simply selecting one of the N ports, is thoroughly studied. We consider both deterministic version and probabilistic version of the teleportation scheme aiming to teleport an unknown state of a qubit. Moreover, we consider two cases for each version: (i) the state employed for the teleportation is fixed to a maximally entangled state, and (ii) the state is also optimized as well as Alice's measurement. We analytically determine the optimal protocols for all the four cases, and show the corresponding optimal fidelity or optimal success probability. All these protocols can achieve the perfect teleportation in the asymptotic limit of $N\to\infty$. The entanglement properties of the teleportation scheme are also discussed.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
title: Testing Creativity and Personality to Explore Creative Potentials in the Science Classroom
Creators: name: Roth, Tamara
name: Conradty, Cathérine
name: Bogner, Franz X.
Publisher: name: University of Bayreuth
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Creativity
subject: Personality
subject: Science education
subject: CPAC
subject: BFI-10
subject: Gender
subject: Age
subject: 370

description: Integrating creativity into science classes may pave the way to tapping complex scientific phenomena. Although not yet conclusively defined nor assessed using standardized measures, creativity is understood to support cognitive learning in formal and informal settings. However, the successful integration of creativity in educational modules depends on many factors. As our knowledge of how to identify these factors is still limited, teachers may have difficulties effectively monitoring and fostering creativity. Consequently, a valid means to measure creativity would help teachers to identify creativity and its influencing factors within the limited scope of science lessons. In the present study, we collected data from 538 Bavarian secondary school students (M ± SD = 16.96 ± 2.99; 65.4%, female) focussing on personality and creativity measures. Comparable to previous studies, two subscales for creativity were applied: act, comprising conscious and adaptable cognitive processes, and flow, describing a creative mental state of full immersion. Since personality is understood to be linked to creativity, we used the Big Five scale with its shortened item battery to assess personality. We found that personal characteristics such as conscientiousness and flow, openness and agreeableness, and extraversion and neuroticism were significantly correlated. Anticipated gender and age differences were only evident when extreme groups were compared: age influenced act in younger male students and flow in older female students. Drawing on the literature and our results, we suggest pedagogical approaches to provide opportunities for creativity in science classrooms.
Tunneling anisotropic magnetoresistance in Fe/GaAs/Au junctions: orbital effects
Creators: name: Wimmer, M.
name: Lobenhofer, M.
name: Moser, J.
name: Matos-Abiague, A.
name: Schuh, D.
name: Wegscheider, W.
name: Fabian, J.
name: Richter, K.
name: Weiss, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report experiments on epitaxially grown Fe/GaAs/Au tunnel junctions demonstrating that the tunneling anisotropic magnetoresistance (TAMR) effect can be controlled by a magnetic field. Theoretical modelling shows that the interplay of the orbital effects of a magnetic field and the Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling in the GaAs barrier leads to an independent contribution to the TAMR effect with uniaxial symmetry, whereas the Bychkov-Rashba spin-orbit coupling does not play a role. The effect is intrinsic to barriers with bulk inversion asymmetry.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
PR - Sustainable Management Of Varietal Resistance To Blackleg In Rapeseed
Creators: name: Fargue-LeliÃ¨Vre, AgnÃ¨S
name: Moraine, Marc
name: FranÃ§Ois-Christophe, ColÃ©No
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Blackleg, a major disease in rapeseed, can be managed using varietal resistance. However, to minimize resistance breakdown, other management techniques must also be used. We studied current agricultural systems used to manage rapeseed and blackleg on farms by means of a survey in two French regions. The data obtained were summarized and eight main systems were identified with an associated risk level of resistance breakdown. Rapeseed return time and varietal diversity were not the only techniques used by farmers to manage blackleg. Each system was also characterised for its capability of integrating current agronomic advice. Risky types were not always found in areas where blackleg was relatively rare. Less risky types would be able to improve their management whereas risky types may not have any leeway to include agronomic advice in their system. These data are now used to develop farming systems integrating agronomic advice and farmerâ€™s objectives and resources.
description: Seventeenth International Farm Management Congress, Illinois State University, USA, July 19-24, 2009
Gravitational-wave signatures of the absence of an event horizon. II. Extreme mass ratio inspirals in the spacetime of a thin-shell gravastar
Creators: name: Pani, Paolo
name: Berti, Emanuele
name: Cardoso, Vitor
name: Chen, Yanbei
name: Norte, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study gravitational-wave emission from the quasi-circular, extreme mass ratio inspiral of compact objects of mass m0 into massive objects of mass M>>m0 whose external metric is identical to the Schwarzschild metric, except for the absence of an event horizon. To be specific we consider one of the simplest realizations of such an object: a nonrotating thin-shell gravastar. The power radiated in gravitational waves during the inspiral shows distinctive peaks corresponding to the excitation of the polar oscillation modes of the gravastar. For ultra-compact gravastars the frequency of these peaks depends mildly on the gravastar compactness. For masses M~10^6Msun the peaks typically lie within the optimal sensitivity bandwidth of LISA, potentially providing a unique signature of the horizonless nature of the central object. For relatively modest values of the gravastar compactness the radiated power has even more peculiar features, carrying the signature of the microscopic properties of the physical surface replacing the event horizon.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
PR - Testing The Economic Viability Of Energy Crop Production In Competition With Alternative Land Uses
Creators: name: Jones, James V.H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: energy crops
subject: partial budgets
subject: economic viability

description: Work conducted for the UK government in 2005, by Cambridge University and the Scottish Agricultural College, concluded that energy crops were not competitive as an alternative to conventional arable crops. The present study used partial budgets to explore whether this conclusion could be challenged under different scenarios. This proved that they could be competitive against alternative land uses (set aside and grazing livestock) and even against arable crops, if the arable work was undertaken by contractors. However further analysis showed that even under these circumstances the viability of energy crops was reliant on support from public funds to compensate for market failure. It was barely viable without an establishment grant and could only be justified as an alternative to set-aside if all subsidy support was withdrawn.
description: Seventeenth International Farm Management Congress, Illinois State University, USA, July 19-24, 2009
Monitoring and improving the effectiveness of surface cleaning and disinfection
Creators: name: Weber, D.J.
name: Rutala, W.A.
Publisher: name: Mosby Inc.
Year: 2016

description: Disinfection of noncritical environmental surfaces and equipment is an essential component of an infection prevention program. Noncritical environmental surfaces and noncritical medical equipment surfaces may become contaminated with infectious agents and may contribute to cross-transmission by acquisition of transient hand carriage by health care personnel. Disinfection should render surfaces and equipment free of pathogens in sufficient numbers to prevent human disease (ie, hygienically clean).
Regulation of carbohydrate-catabolizing enzymes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027
Creators: name: Lynch, William Henry Walter
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Although growth with six-carbon carbohydrates, as well as with glycerol or glycerate, has been shown to induce the enzymes of glucose catabolism in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the actual inducer(s) of these enzymes has not been identified. Low levels of these enzymes are present during growth with acetate, pyruvate, or tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates. By examining the induction of glucose-catabolizing enzymes in the wild-type and glucose-negative mutants of P. aeruginosa ATCC 9027 by glucose, gluconate, 2-ketogluconate, or glycerol, the complexity of the regulation of these enzymes was demonstrated, i.e. of the seven enzymes examined in detail, no less than four inductive events were required to cause their synthesis. Glucose dehydrogenase was induced by glucose-6-phosphate (and possibly glucose); gluconate dehydrogenase by 2-ketogluconate; glucokinase, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase by 6-phospho-gluconate; and the Entner-Doudoroff enzymes by 6-phosphogluconate or some derivative thereof. Gluconokinase and 3_phosphoglyceraldehyde dehydrogenase were induced by gluconate. However, a weak induction of both glucono-kinase (possibly by 2-ketogluconate) and 3-phosphoglyceraldehyde dehydrogenase (possibly by 6-phosphogluconate) was also observed and did not appear to involve gluconate. Glycerokinase and L-α-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase were specifically induced by glycerol and not by either pyruvate or glucose metabolism. The importance of the oxidative non-phosphorylated pathway for glucose or gluconate dissimilation in P. aeruginosa was demonstrated. During growth of this organism with glucose or gluconate, the majority of both substrates was rapidly oxidized to 2-ketogluconate prior to being phosphorylated and further catabolized by the Entner-Doudoroff pathway enzymes. Therefore, the major amount of growth, when either glucose or gluconate was added as the carbon source, actually took place with 2-ketogluconate serving as the source of carbon. The mutants of P. aeruginosa, isolated for their inability to grow: with glucose as a carbon source, were also incapable of growth when either gluconate or 2-ketogluconate was the sole source of carbon. Growth of the mutants with pyruvate, acetate, or tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates was inhibited by the presence of glucose, gluconate or 2-ketogluconate. The inhibition of growth of the glucose-negative mutants of P. aeruginosa with pyruvate was due to an accumulation of high internal concentrations of 6-phosphogluconate from the metabolism of either glucose, gluconate, or 2-ketogluconate. This accumulation of 6-phosphogluconate caused a repression (either direct or indirect) of pyruvic dehydrogenase synthesis and consequently resulted in growth stasis. The examination of these mutants also indicated that 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase was absent and a 6-phosphogluconate phosphatase was present in this strain of P. aerug inosa.
Noiseless Linear Amplification and Distillation of Entanglement
Creators: name: Xiang, G. Y.
name: Ralph, T. C.
name: Lund, A. P.
name: Walk, N.
name: Pryde, G. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The idea of signal amplification is ubiquitous in the control of physical systems, and the ultimate performance limit of amplifiers is set by quantum physics. Increasing the amplitude of an unknown quantum optical field, or more generally any harmonic oscillator state, must introduce noise. This linear amplification noise prevents the perfect copying of the quantum state, enforces quantum limits on communications and metrology, and is the physical mechanism that prevents the increase of entanglement via local operations. It is known that non-deterministic versions of ideal cloning and local entanglement increase (distillation) are allowed, suggesting the possibility of non-deterministic noiseless linear amplification. Here we introduce, and experimentally demonstrate, such a noiseless linear amplifier for continuous-variables states of the optical field, and use it to demonstrate entanglement distillation of field-mode entanglement. This simple but powerful circuit can form the basis of practical devices for enhancing quantum technologies. The idea of noiseless amplification unifies approaches to cloning and distillation, and will find applications in quantum metrology and communications.
description: Submitted 10 June 2009
Dust and Metal Column Densities in Gamma-Ray Burst Host Galaxies
Creators: name: Schady, P.
name: Page, M. J.
name: Oates, S. R.
name: Still, M.
name: De Pasquale, M.
name: Dwelly, T.
name: Kuin, N. P. M.
name: Holland, S. T.
name: Marshall, F. E.
name: Roming, P. W. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present the results from the analysis of a sample of 28 gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglow spectral energy distributions, spanning the X-ray through to near-infrared wavelengths. This is the largest sample of GRB afterglow spectral energy distributions thus far studied, providing a strong handle on the optical depth distribution of soft X-ray absorption and dust-extinction systems in GRB host galaxies. We detect an absorption system within the GRB host galaxy in 79% of the sample, and an extinction system in 71% of the sample, and find the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) extinction law to provide an acceptable fit to the host galaxy extinction profile for the majority of cases, consistent with previous findings. The range in the soft X-ray absorption to dust-extinction ratio, N_{H,X}/Av, in GRB host galaxies spans almost two orders of magnitude, and the typical ratios are significantly larger than those of the Magellanic Clouds or Milky Way. Although dust destruction could be a cause, at least in part, for the large N_{H,X}/Av ratios, the good fit provided by the SMC extinction law for the majority of our sample suggests that there is an abundance of small dust grains in the GRB environment, which we would expect to have been destroyed if dust destruction were responsible for the large N_{H,X}/Av ratios. Instead, our analysis suggests that the distribution of N_{H,X}/Av in GRB host galaxies may be mostly intrinsic to these galaxies, and this is further substantiated by evidence for a strong negative correlation between N_{H,X}/Av and metallicity for a subsample of GRB hosts with known metallicity. Furthermore, we find the N_{H,X}/Av ratio and metallicity for this subsample of GRBs to be comparable to the relation found in other more metal-rich galaxies.
description: 23 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Reprocessing semicritical items: Current issues and new technologies
Creators: name: Rutala, W.A.
name: Weber, D.J.
Publisher: name: Mosby Inc.
Year: 2016

description: Semicritical medical devices are defined as items that come into contact with mucous membranes or nonintact skin (eg, gastrointestinal endoscopes, endocavitary probes). Such medical devices minimally require high-level disinfection. Because many of these items are temperature sensitive, low-temperature chemical methods are usually used rather than steam sterilization. Strict adherence to current guidelines is required because more outbreaks have been linked to inadequately cleaned or disinfected endoscopes and other semicritical items undergoing high-level disinfection than any other reusable medical device.
Disinfection, sterilization, and antisepsis: An overview
Creators: name: Rutala, W.A.
name: Weber, D.J.
Publisher: name: Mosby Inc.
Year: 2016

description: All invasive procedures involve contact by a medical device or surgical instrument with a patient's sterile tissue or mucous membranes. The level of disinfection or sterilization is dependent on the intended use of the object: critical (items that contact sterile tissue such as surgical instruments), semicritical (items that contact mucous membrane such as endoscopes), and noncritical (devices that contact only intact skin such as stethoscopes) items require sterilization, high-level disinfection and low-level disinfection, respectively. Cleaning must always precede high-level disinfection and sterilization. Antiseptics are essential to infection prevention as part of a hand hygiene program as well as several other uses such as surgical hand antisepsis and pre-operative skin preparation.
PR - Whole Profitability Impact From Implementing And Harvesting Trials With Precision Agriculture Technologies
Creators: name: Griffin, Terry W.
name: Dobbins, Craig L.
name: Lowenberg-DeBoer, Jess M.
name: Mark, Tyler B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: Agribusiness
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Introduction 1st para. - For a combination of reasons, farmers are motivated to conduct their own on-farm trials; however, onfarm trials are not costless. Farmers often cite reasons for not conducting on-farm trials including: 1) interference with other farming operations, 2) potential yield reduction by inferior inputs or non-optimal rates (too high or too low rates), 3) increased direct costs from over application of inputs and 4) increased probability of bad decision making from implementing experiment results on large acreage in the following year. This study addresses the first point that implementing and harvesting on-farm trials interferes with other farming operations by quantifying the yield penalties from delayed field operations on a representative U.S. Cornbelt farm.
description: Seventeenth International Farm Management Congress, Illinois State University, USA, July 19-24, 2009
Outbreaks of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae infections associated with duodenoscopes: What can we do to prevent infections?
Creators: name: Weber, D.J.
name: Rutala, W.A.
Publisher: name: Mosby Inc.
Year: 2016

description: Recent outbreaks with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) in patients who have undergone endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) have raised concerns of whether current endoscope reprocessing guidelines are adequate to ensure a patient-safe endoscope. Unlike previous outbreaks, these CRE outbreaks occurred even though manufacturer's instructions and professional guidelines were followed correctly. This article reviews why outbreaks associated with endoscopes continue to occur; what alternatives exist that might improve the margin of safety associated with duodenoscope reprocessing; and how to prevent future outbreaks associated with ERCP procedures. The advantages and disadvantages for the proposed enhancements for reprocessing duodenoscopes are reviewed as well as future strategies to prevent GI endoscope-related outbreaks.
title: Political competition and legislative shirking in roll-call votes : Evidence from Germany for 1953–2017
Creators: name: Frank, Marco
name: Stadelmann, David
Publisher: name: University of Bayreuth
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Political competition
subject: Accountability
subject: Absence
subject: Rent seeking
subject: Political representation
subject: 320
subject: 330

description: We analyze the impact of elected competitors from the same constituency on legislative shirking in the German Bundestag from 1953 to 2017. The German electoral system ensures at least one federal legislator per constituency with a varying number of elected competitors between zero to four from the same constituency. We exploit the exogenous variation in elected competitors by investigating changes in competition induced by legislators who leave parliament during the legislative period and their respective replacement candidates in an instrumental variables setting with legislator fixed effects. The existence of elected competitors from the same constituency reduces absentee rates in roll-call votes by about 6.1 percentage points, which corresponds to almost half of the mean absentee rate in our sample. The effect is robust to the inclusion of other measures of political competition.
PR - Equity Financing And Investment, Opportunities In Canadian Primary Agriculture
Creators: name: Painter, Marvin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: Agricultural Finance

description: This study shows that for the period 1990 â€“ 2007, international portfolio investment performance was significantly improved with the addition of Canadian farmland. Farmland in Canada is considered relatively low risk, enters the efficient portfolios at low risk levels and adds the most financial improvement to low and medium risk portfolios. Compared to T-bills and long bonds, farmland has higher risk and yield, but lower risk than stocks. Compared with stocks, farmland has income yields and risk that are similar or better than dividend yields and risk on stocks while farmland has capital gain yields and risk that are usually lower, on average, than stocks. The low and negative correlation of farmland yields with stocks and bonds make it a good candidate for portfolio diversification benefits.
description: Seventeenth International Farm Management Congress, Illinois State University, USA, July 19-24, 2009
Scoparia Haworth 1811
Creators: name: Léger, Théo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Crambidae
Scoparia

description: Scoparia Haworth, 1811
Scoparia Haworth, 1811.
Type species: Tinea pyralella Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775.
= Caradjaina P. Leraut, 1986: 123–124. Type species: Scoparia ambigualis kwangtungialis Caradja, 1925. Léger et al., 2019, p. 761 (syn.)
= Cholius Guenée, 1845: 332. Type species: Pyralis ochrealis Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775. Léger et al., 2019, p. 761 (syn.)
= Epileucia Stephens, 1852: 5
= Eudorea J. Curtis, 1827: folio 170. Type species: Tinea pyralella Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775.
= Eudoria Chapman, 1912: 507
= Eudoroea Bruand, 1851: 26
= Phegea Gistel, 1848: ix
= Scopea Haworth, 1828: 590
= Sineudonia P. Leraut, 1986: 128. Type species: Sineudonia brunnea Leraut, 1986. W. Li et al., 2010, pp. 3–4, 12–13 (syn.)
= Tetraprosopus Butler, 1882: 97. Type species: Tetraprosopus meyrickii Butler, 1882. Munroe 1972: 29 (syn.)
= Xeroscopa Meyrick, 1884: 349. Type species: Scoparia ejuncida Knaggs, 1867. Meyrick 1899: 246 (syn.)
DIAGNOSIS
Descriptions of Scoparia are provided in Nuss (1999) and Li, Li & Nuss (2010). In male genitalia, the well-developed sacculus with a free distal process is apomorphic for the genus and separates it from other scopariine genera (Léger et al., 2019; W. Li et al., 2010). Male genitalia further show the following characters: uncus usually narrowly triangular or ovate; gnathos with slender projection; valva ovate; juxta usually ovate; phallus varying in length and diameter; and vesica of most species with one or several cornuti (W. Li et al., 2010; Nuss, 1998; pers. obs.). In female genitalia, the presence of an appendix bursae is apomorphic for Eudonia + Scoparia (Léger et al., 2019). From Eudonia, it is separated by anterior and posterior apophyses usually being shorter (1-3 X tergite VIII length), the shorter intersegmental membrane VIII-IX (usually less than 2 X tergite VIII length), and the conspicuously shorter colliculum and ductus bursae.
DISTRIBUTION
Distributed on all continents and many oceanic islands, except on Antarctica. The genus is lacking in tropical lowlands (Nuss et al., 2003 –2023). At least fourteen species are found in the Philippines: Scoparia abo sp. n., Scoparia aenea sp. n., Scoparia bicornuta sp. n., Scoparia fulvida sp. n., Scoparia ifugaoensis sp. n., Scoparia luzonensis sp. n., Scoparia masiita sp. n., Scoparia meyi Nuss, 1998, Scoparia monticola Nuss, 1998, Scoparia negrosensis sp. n., Scoparia noacki Nuss, 2002, Scoparia philippinensis (Hampson, 1917), Scoparia spadix Nuss, 1998, and Scoparia tenuispina sp. n.
PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS
Scoparia is sister to the species-rich genus Eudonia (Léger et al., 2019).
description: Published as part of Léger, Théo, 2024, Half of the Diversity Undescribed: Integrative Taxonomy Reveals 32 New Species and a High Cryptic Diversity in the Scopariinae and Crambinae of the Philippines (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), pp. 1-93 in Bulletin of the Society of Systematic Biologists 3 (2) on page 4, DOI: 10.18061/bssb.v3i2.9527, http://zenodo.org/record/15116964
Effectiveness of ultraviolet devices and hydrogen peroxide systems for terminal room decontamination: Focus on clinical trials
Creators: name: Sickbert-Bennett, E.E.
name: Anderson, D.J.
name: Weber, D.J.
name: Chen, L.F.
name: Boyce, J.M.
name: Rutala, W.A.
Publisher: name: Mosby Inc.
Year: 2016

description: Over the last decade, substantial scientific evidence has accumulated that indicates contamination of environmental surfaces in hospital rooms plays an important role in the transmission of key health care-associated pathogens (eg, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant enterococci, Clostridium difficile, Acinetobacter spp). For example, a patient admitted to a room previously occupied by a patient colonized or infected with one of these pathogens has a higher risk for acquiring one of these pathogens than a patient admitted to a room whose previous occupant was not colonized or infected. This risk is not surprising because multiple studies have demonstrated that surfaces in hospital rooms are poorly cleaned during terminal cleaning. To reduce surface contamination after terminal cleaning, no touch methods of room disinfection have been developed. This article will review the no touch methods, ultraviolet light devices, and hydrogen peroxide systems, with a focus on clinical trials which have used patient colonization or infection as an outcome. Multiple studies have demonstrated that ultraviolet light devices and hydrogen peroxide systems have been shown to inactivate microbes experimentally plated on carrier materials and placed in hospital rooms and to decontaminate surfaces in hospital rooms naturally contaminated with multidrug-resistant pathogens. A growing number of clinical studies have demonstrated that ultraviolet devices and hydrogen peroxide systems when used for terminal disinfection can reduce colonization or health care-associated infections in patients admitted to these hospital rooms.
PR - Can GM Crops Contribute To International Sustainable Development Goals?
Creators: name: Park, J.R.
name: Ceddia, M.G.
name: McFarlane, I.D.
name: Phipps, R.H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Crop Production/Industries

description: Sustainable development is a concept which permeates policy and action at an international, national and local level. A range of international organisations have sustainable development goals1 and plans and treaties exist to which the majority of the worldâ€™s nations are committed, for instance to protect biodiversity2 and reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases3. It is against this backcloth that a range of genetically modified (GM) crops have been developed and are being grown in many part of the world. Whilst recognising that there is considerable debate and resistance to the adoption of GM crops in some parts of the world, most notably Europe, in this paper we briefly review the ways in which GM crops are contributing at an international level to sustainable development, focussing on economic, environmental and social perspectives.
description: Seventeenth International Farm Management Congress, Illinois State University, USA, July 19-24, 2009
Microwave Surface-Impedance Measurements of the Magnetic Penetration Depth in Single Crystal Ba1-xKxFe2As2 Superconductors: Evidence for a Disorder-Dependent Superfluid Density
Creators: name: Hashimoto, K.
name: Shibauchi, T.
name: Kasahara, S.
name: Ikada, K.
name: Tonegawa, S.
name: Kato, T.
name: Okazaki, R.
name: van der Beek, C. J.
name: Konczykowski, M.
name: Takeya, H.
name: Hirata, K.
name: Terashima, T.
name: Matsuda, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report high-sensitivity microwave measurements of the in-plane penetration depth $λ_{ab}$ and quasiparticle scattering rate $1/τ$ in several single crystals of hole-doped Fe-based superconductor Ba$_{1-x}$K$_x$Fe$_2$As$_2$ ($x\approx 0.55$). While power-law temperature dependence of $λ_{ab}$ with the power $\sim 2$ is found in crystals with large $1/τ$, we observe exponential temperature dependence of superfluid density consistent with the existence of fully opened two gaps in the cleanest crystal we studied. The difference may be a consequence of different level of disorder inherent in the crystals. We also find a linear relation between the low-temperature scattering rate and the density of quasiparticles, which shows a clear contrast to the case of d-wave cuprate superconductors with nodes in the gap. These results demonstrate intrinsically nodeless order parameters in the Fe-arsenides.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett. Changed title as suggested by the PRL editors
Disinfection and Sterilization in Health Care Facilities: An Overview and Current Issues
Creators: name: Rutala, W.A.
name: Weber, D.J.
Publisher: name: W.B. Saunders
Year: 2016

description: When properly used, disinfection and sterilization can ensure the safe use of invasive and noninvasive medical devices. The method of disinfection and sterilization depends on the intended use of the medical device: critical items (contact sterile tissue) must be sterilized before use; semicritical items (contact mucous membranes or nonintact skin) must be high-level disinfected; and noncritical items (contact intact skin) should receive low-level disinfection. Cleaning should always precede high-level disinfection and sterilization. Current disinfection and sterilization guidelines must be strictly followed.
Experimental Requirements to Determine the Neutrino Mass Hierarchy Using Reactor Neutrinos
Creators: name: Zhan, Liang
name: Wang, Yifang
name: Cao, Jun
name: Wen, Liangjian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents experimental requirements to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy using reactor neutrinos. The detector shall be located at a baseline around 58 km from the reactor(s) to measure the energy spectrum of electron antineutrinos ($\barν_e$) precisely. By applying Fourier cosine and sine transform to the L/E spectrum, features of the neutrino mass hierarchy can be extracted from the $|Δ{m}^2_{31}|$ and $|Δ{m}^2_{32}|$ oscillations. To determine the neutrino mass hierarchy above 90% probability, requirements to the baseline, the energy resolution, the energy scale uncertainty, the detector mass and the event statistics are studied at different values of $\sin^2(2θ_{13})$
description: Update Fig. 3
Definability as hypercomputational effect
Creators: name: Cooper, S. Barry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The classical simulation of physical processes using standard models of computation is fraught with problems. On the other hand, attempts at modelling real-world computation with the aim of isolating its hypercomputational content have struggled to convince. We argue that a better basic understanding can be achieved through computability theoretic deconstruction of those physical phenomena most resistant to classical simulation. From this we may be able to better assess whether the hypercomputational enterprise is proleptic computer science, or of mainly philosophical interest.
Occupational Health Update: Focus on Preventing the Acquisition of Infections with Pre-exposure Prophylaxis and Postexposure Prophylaxis
Creators: name: Rutala, W.A.
name: Weber, D.J.
Publisher: name: W.B. Saunders
Year: 2016

description: Health care personnel are commonly exposed to infectious agents via sharp injuries (eg, human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus), direct patient care (eg, pertussis and meningococcus), and the contaminated environment (eg, Clostridium difficile). An effective occupational program is a key aspect of preventing acquisition of an infection by offering the following: (1) education of health care personnel regarding proper handling of sharps, early identification and isolation of potentially infectious patients, and hand hygiene; (2) assuring immunity to vaccine-preventable diseases; and, (3) immediate availability of a medical evaluation after a nonprotected exposure to an infectious disease.
PR - Changing Structure And Production Patterns Of Irish Agriculture - Trends And Prospects
Creators: name: Connolly, Liam
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: farm structures/systems
subject: farm incomes
subject: farm viability

description: For Irish farming the 1990â€™s can be considered a transition period between two different policy regimes. The period prior to 1990 involved high market price supports whilst the period post 2000 involved moving to decoupled and environmental income support mechanisms. This paper puts the focus on the countryâ€™s farm structures over the 1992 to 2006 period. It deals with the distribution of farm sizes, farming systems, the farm labour force, the changing structure of production, farm incomes and other sources of income in supplementing farm household income. The analysis leads to an assessment of the current financial and demographic viability of Irish farms, and also to the development of some future scenarios of change in farm numbers and in their viability status over the next decade. Farm numbers in Ireland will continue to decline whilst the income contribution from off-farm employment to farm household income will increase. The exodus from dairy and sheep production to cattle farming will continue. For the longer run it is clear that the problems and issues arising from poor agricultural structures cannot be solved by agricultural measures alone. Multi-sectoral and complimentary measures within a framework of rural development programmes are required to assist and offer employment to those exiting from farming.
description: Seventeenth International Farm Management Congress, Illinois State University, USA, July 19-24, 2009