cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Supersymmetry versus Gauge Symmetry on the Heterotic Landscape
Creators: name: Dienes, Keith R.
name: Lennek, Michael
name: Sénéchal, David
name: Wasnik, Vaibhav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the goals of the landscape program in string theory is to extract information about the space of string vacua in the form of statistical correlations between phenomenological features that are otherwise uncorrelated in field theory. Such correlations would thus represent predictions of string theory that hold independently of a vacuum-selection principle. In this paper, we study statistical correlations between two features which are likely to be central to any potential description of nature at high energy scales: gauge symmetries and spacetime supersymmetry. We analyze correlations between these two kinds of symmetry within the context of perturbative heterotic string vacua, and find a number of striking features. We find, for example, that the degree of spacetime supersymmetry is strongly correlated with the probabilities of realizing certain gauge groups, with unbroken supersymmetry at the string scale tending to favor gauge-group factors with larger rank. We also find that nearly half of the heterotic landscape is non-supersymmetric and yet tachyon-free at tree level; indeed, less than a quarter of the tree-level heterotic landscape exhibits any supersymmetry at all at the string scale.
description: 29 pages, LaTeX, 4 figures, 7 tables
The collective dynamics of self-propelled particles
Creators: name: Mehandia, Vishwajeet
name: Nott, Prabhu R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have proposed a method for the dynamic simulation of a collection of self-propelled particles in a viscous Newtonian fluid. We restrict attention to particles whose size and velocity are small enough that the fluid motion is in the creeping flow regime. We have proposed a simple model for a self-propelled particle, and extended the Stokesian Dynamics method to conduct dynamic simulations of a collection of such particles. In our description, each particle is treated as a sphere with an orientation vector $\te{p}$, whose locomotion is driven by the action of a force dipole at a point slightly displaced from its centre. In isolation, a self-propelled particle moves at a constant speed in the direction of $\te{p}$. When it coexists with many such particles, its hydrodynamic interaction with the other particles alters its velocity and, more importantly, its orientation. As a result, the motion of the particle is chaotic. Our simulations are not restricted to low particle concentration, as we implement the full hydrodynamic interactions between the particles, but we restrict the motion of particles to two dimensions to reduce computation. We report the statistical properties of a suspension of self-propelled particles, such as the distribution of particle velocity, the pair correlation function and the orientation correlation function, for a range of the particle concentration.
description: 25 pages, 19 figures, under review in J. Fluid. Mech
Ionizing photon production of Population III stars: effects of rotation, convection, and initial mass function
Creators: name: Murphy, Laura J.
name: Groh, Jose H.
name: Farrell, Eoin
name: Meynet, Georges
name: Ekström, Sylvia
name: Tsiatsiou, Sophie
name: Hackett, Alexander
name: Martinet, Sébastien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first stars are thought to be one of the dominant sources of hydrogen reionization in the early Universe, with their high luminosities and surface temperatures expected to drive high ionizing photon production rates. In this work, we take our Geneva stellar evolution models of zero-metallicity stars and predict their production rates of photons capable to ionize H, He I and He II, based on a blackbody approximation. We present analytical fits in the range 1.7-500 solar masses. We then explore the impact of stellar initial mass, rotation, and convective overshooting for individual stars. We have found that ionizing photon production rates increase with increasing initial mass. For the rotational velocities considered we see changes of up to 25% to ionizing photons produced. This varies with initial mass and ionizing photon species and reflects changes to surface properties due to rotation. We have also found that higher convective overshooting increases ionizing photon production by approximately 20% for the change in overshooting considered here. For stellar populations, we explore how the production of ionizing photons varies as a function of the initial mass function (IMF) slope, and minimum and maximum initial masses. For a fixed population mass we have found changes of the order of 20-30% through varying the nature of the IMF. This work presents ionizing photon production predictions for the most up to date Geneva stellar evolution models of Population III stars, and provides insight into how key evolutionary parameters impact the contribution of the first stars to reionization.
description: 20 pages, 18 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Reversed flow at low frequencies in a microfabricated AC electrokinetic pump
Creators: name: Gregersen, Misha Marie
name: Olesen, Laurits H.
name: Brask, Anders
name: Hansen, Mikkel Fougt
name: Bruus, Henrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Microfluidic chips have been fabricated to study electrokinetic pumping generated by a low voltage AC signal applied to an asymmetric electrode array. A measurement procedure has been established and followed carefully resulting in a high degree of reproducibility of the measurements. Depending on the ionic concentration as well as the amplitude of the applied voltage, the observed direction of the DC flow component is either forward or reverse. The impedance spectrum has been thoroughly measured and analyzed in terms of an equivalent circuit diagram. Our observations agree qualitatively, but not quantitatively, with theoretical models published in the literature.
description: RevTex, 9 pages, 6 eps figures
Access to Collections: an Essential Part of Research Collaborations
Creators: name: Fenlon, Alex
name: Dowd, John
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Many ‘research intensive universities’ have witnessed an expansion of research and teaching collaborations internationally. There are many models, many names and many scales involved in collaborative activities and the challenge for many libraries is remaining up to date and understanding what is required to support these activities, and what has been agreed between the parties.

With the opening of our Dubai campus in September 2018, a root and branch review of all library licensed e-resource agreements was instigated to ensure they remain fit for a 21st century, global, research intensive University. The aim was to ensure all University of Birmingham staff, researchers, and students were entitled to access resources licensed to the university in full compliance with the licence terms. Over 380 different publishers, aggregators and suppliers were contacted as we extended access across 1,000 agreements.

The outcome was a 95% success rate within a 12 month period. No supplier refused access and over 70% agreed to our access at no additional cost. We planned for a 20% uplift in our costs; our suppliers quoted an 11% increase; we agreed a less the 5% increase in costs.

Three key lessons emerged from the licence review project:

1- Reviewing- research collaborations requiring library access need to be communicated so that the Library understands what the institution is doing, where, and with whom. Review the licences to understand the rights and responsibilities are for all parties involved.

2- Resourcing- where collaborations require support ensure that sufficient staff resource is available. For a licence review many teams, colleagues and senior management were all crucial to successfully completing such a project.

3- Robustness- if licences need extending negotiation with suppliers requires buy-in from senior University figures to be successful. Discussion with suppliers, academics and senior management can be detailed, complex and lengthy as the policies around collaborations are variable- having a robust approach with full disclosure is key to successfully completing any negotiation and ensuring value for money.

When new research focused collaborations are agreed libraries need to be informed, especially if those collaborative activities require access to University systems including Library acquired e-resources. The library is key assessing the impact enabling access by additional researchers may have on the licences held, to determine if access is permitted, on what terms, and whether the increase in numbers impacts on budgets.

We know that research activity will take place wherever staff and students are, indeed several research bids have already been accepted from Dubai based staff. We know that researchers will research and libraries need to ensure our licensing arrangements remain fit for purpose.
The Black hole Black string phase transition in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity
Creators: name: Nair, Sreejith
name: Suneeta, Vardarajan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the presence of a black hole black string phase transition in Einstein Gauss Bonnet (EGB) gravity in the large dimension limit. The merger point is the static spacetime connecting the black string phase with the black hole phase. We consider several ranges of the Gauss-Bonnet parameter. We find that there is a range when the Gauss-Bonnet corrections are subordinate to the Einstein gravity terms in the large dimension limit, and yet the merger point geometry does not approach a black hole away from the neck. We cannot rule out a topology changing phase transition as argued by Kol. However as the merger point geometry does not approach the black hole geometry asymptotically it is not obvious that the transition is directly to a black hole phase. We also demonstrate that for another range of the Gauss-Bonnet parameter, the merger point geometry approaches the black hole geometry asymptotically when a certain parameter depending on the Gauss-Bonnet parameter $α$ and on the parameters in the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet black hole metric is small enough.
description: 23 pages, modifications, subsection added
On Some Autotopisms Of Non-Steiner Central Loops
Creators: name: Jaiyeola, Temitope Gbolahan
name: Adeniran, John Olushola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20NO5; 08A05

description: An algebraic process for the construction of an autotopism for a non-Steiner C-loop is described and this is demonstrated with an example using a known finite C-loop. In every C-loop, two of its parastrophes are not equivalent(equal) it, if and only if both the first and second components of the constructed autotopism and its inverse autotopism are not equal to the identity map. Hence, none of the other three parastrophes is equivalent(equal) to the C-loop. It is proved that the set of autotopisms that prevent a C-loop from being a Steiner loop forms a Steiner triple system.
description: 12 pages, submitted
Additional file 2 of Gimme that old time religion: the influence of the healthcare belief system of chiropractic's early leaders on the development of x-ray imaging in the profession
Creators: name: Young, Kenneth John
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Summary of religious characteristics in each technique.(DOCX 124 KB)
Identifying Dark Matter Burners in the Galactic center
Creators: name: Moskalenko, Igor V.
name: Wai, Lawrence L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If the supermassive black hole (SMBH) at the center of our Galaxy grew adiabatically, then a dense "spike" of dark matter is expected to have formed around it. Assuming that dark matter is composed primarily of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs), a star orbiting close enough to the SMBH can capture WIMPs at an extremely high rate. The stellar luminosity due to annihilation of captured WIMPs in the stellar core may be comparable to or even exceed the luminosity of the star due to thermonuclear burning. The model thus predicts the existence of unusual stars, i.e. "WIMP burners", in the vicinity of an adiabatically grown SMBH. We find that the most efficient WIMP burners are stars with degenerate electron cores, e.g. white dwarfs (WD) or degenerate cores with envelopes. If found, such stars would provide evidence for the existence of particle dark matter and could possibly be used to establish its density profile. In our previous paper we computed the luminosity from WIMP burning for a range of dark matter spike density profiles, degenerate core masses, and distances from the SMBH. Here we compare our results with the observed stars closest to the Galactic center and find that they could be consistent with WIMP burners in the form of degenerate cores with envelopes. We also cross-check the WIMP burner hypothesis with the EGRET observed flux of gamma-rays from the Galactic center, which imposes a constraint on the dark matter spike density profile and annihilation cross-section. We find that the EGRET data is consistent with the WIMP burner hypothesis. New high precision measurements by GLAST will confirm or set stringent limits on a dark matter spike at the Galactic center, which will in turn support or set stringent limits on the existence of WIMP burners at the Galactic center.
description: 2 pages, 2 figures; to appear in the Proc. of the First Int. GLAST Symp. (Stanford, Feb. 5-8, 2007), eds. S.Ritz, P.F.Michelson, and C.Meegan, AIP Conf. Proc
Instabilities in the time-dependent neutrino disc in Gamma-Ray Bursts
Creators: name: Janiuk, Agnieszka
name: Yuan, Ye-Fei
name: Perna, Rosalba
name: di Matteo, Tiziana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the properties and evolution of accretion tori formed after the coalescence of two compact objects. At these extreme densities and temperatures, the accreting torus is cooled mainly by neutrino emission produced primarily by electron and positron capture on nucleons (beta reactions). We solve for the disc structure and its time evolution by introducing a detailed treatment of the equation of state which includes photodisintegration of helium, the condition of beta-equilibrium, and neutrino opacities. We self-consistently calculate the chemical equilibrium in the gas consisting of helium, free protons, neutrons and electron-positron pairs and compute the chemical potentials of the species, as well as the electron fraction throughout the disc. We find that, for sufficiently large accretion rates (> 10 solar masses per second), the inner regions of the disk become opaque and develop a viscous and thermal instability. The identification of this instability might be relevant for GRB observations.
description: 23 pages, 18 figures; accepted for publication in ApJ
Stability of Salpeter Solutions
Creators: name: Lucha, Wolfgang
name: Schoberl, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of instantaneous approximations to the Bethe-Salpeter formalism for the description of bound states within quantum field theories, depending on the Lorentz structure of the Bethe-Salpeter interaction kernel the solutions of the full Salpeter equation with some confining interaction may exhibit certain instabilities, which are possibly related to the Klein paradox and signal the decay of states assumed to be bound by the confining interactions. They are observed in numerical (variational) studies of the Salpeter equation. The presumably simplest scenario allowing for the fully analytic investigation of this problem is set by the reduced Salpeter equation with harmonic-oscillator interaction. In this case, Salpeter's integral equation simplifies to either an algebraic relation or a second-order homogeneous linear ordinary differential equation, immediately accessible to standard techniques. There one may hope to be able to decide unambiguously whether this setting poses a well-defined eigenvalue problem the solutions of which correspond to stable bound states associated to real energy eigenvalues bounded from below. By analytical spectral analysis the bound-state solutions of this "harmonic-oscillator reduced Salpeter equation" can be shown to be free of such instabilities.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, to appear in the Proceedings of "QCD @ Work 2007", International Workshop on Quantum ChromoDynamics - Theory and Experiment, Martina Franca, Italy, 16 - 20 June 2007
Complete integrable systems with unconfined singularities
Creators: name: Manosa, Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove that any globally periodic rational discrete system in K^k(where K denotes either R or C), has unconfined singularities, zero algebraic entropy and it is complete integrable (that is, it has as many functionally independent first integrals as the dimension of the phase space). In fact, for some of these systems the unconfined singularities are the key to obtain first integrals using the Darboux-type method of integrability.
On central loops and the central square property
Creators: name: Jaiyeola, Temitope Gbolahan
name: Adeniran, John Olushola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20NO5; 08A05

description: The representation sets of a central square C-loop are investigated. Isotopes of central square C-loops of exponent 4 are shown to be both C-loops and A-loops.
description: 10 pages
Data-driven Langevin modeling of nonequilibrium processes
Creators: name: Lickert, Benjamin
name: Wolf, Steffen
name: Stock, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Given nonstationary data from molecular dynamics simulations, a Markovian Langevin model is constructed that aims to reproduce the time evolution of the underlying process. While at equilibrium the free energy landscape is sampled, nonequilibrium processes can be associated with a biased energy landscape, which accounts for finite sampling effects and external driving. Extending the data-driven Langevin equation (dLE) approach [Phys.\ Rev.\ Lett.\ {\bf 115}, 050602 (2015)] to the modeling of nonequilibrium processes, an efficient way to calculate multidimensional Langevin fields is outlined. The dLE is shown to correctly account for various nonequilibrium processes, including the enforced dissociation of sodium chloride in water, the pressure-jump induced nucleation of a liquid of hard spheres, and the conformational dynamics of a helical peptide sampled from nonstationary short trajectories.
description: J. Phys. Chem. B 2021. This preprint is the unformatted and early version of a manuscript that has been published in an updated version in the Journal of Physical Chemistry B and may be downloaded for private use only. Copyright will with the journal / ACS
Additional file 1 of Initial dispersal behavior and survival of non-native juvenile Burmese pythons (Python bivittatus) in South Florida
Creators: name: Pittman, Shannon E.
name: Bartoszek, Ian A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Significance results of Tukey’s range test comparing the mean net movements of snakes from different habitats after 2 months post release. Habitat codes are as follows: forested wetland (FW), agricultural fields (AF), upland pine (UP), and urbanized (U). Note that snake net movement from AF were significantly different from all other habitats.
On the largest prime factor of the Mersenne numbers
Creators: name: Ford, Kevin
name: Luca, Florian
name: Shparlinski, Igor E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11B83; 11N25

description: Let P(k) be the largest prime factor of the positive integer k. In this paper, we prove that the series $\sum_{n\ge 1}\frac{(\log n)^a}{P(2^n-1)}$ is convergent for each constant a<1/2, which gives a more precise form of a result of C. L. Stewart from 1977.
description: 11 pages
The modulating impact of cigarette smoking on brain structure in panic disorder: a voxel-based morphometry study
Creators: name: Kunas, Stefanie
name: Hilbert, Kevin
name: Yang, Yunbo
name: Richter, Jan
name: Hamm, Alfons
name: Wittmann, André
name: Pfleiderer, Bettina
name: Herrmann, Martin J.
name: Lang, Thomas
name: Lotze, Martin
name: Deckert, Jürgen
name: Arolt, Volker
name: Wittchen, Hans-Ulrich
name: Straube, Benjamin
name: Kircher, Tilo
name: Gerlach, Alexander L.
name: Lueken, Ulrike
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: smoking
subject: gray matter volume
subject: panic disorder
subject: amygdala
subject: hippocampus
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Cigarette smoking increases the likelihood of developing anxiety disorders, among them panic disorder (PD). While brain structures altered by smoking partly overlap with morphological changes identified in PD, the modulating impact of smoking as a potential confounder on structural alterations in PD has not yet been addressed. In total, 143 PD patients (71 smokers) and 178 healthy controls (62 smokers) participated in a multicenter magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study. T1-weighted images were used to examine brain structural alterations using voxel-based morphometry in a priori defined regions of the defensive system network. PD was associated with gray matter volume reductions in the amygdala and hippocampus. This difference was driven by non-smokers and absent in smoking subjects. Bilateral amygdala volumes were reduced with increasing health burden (neither PD nor smoking > either PD or smoking > both PD and smoking). As smoking can narrow or diminish commonly observed structural abnormalities in PD, the effect of smoking should be considered in MRI studies focusing on patients with pathological forms of fear and anxiety. Future studies are needed to determine if smoking may increase the risk for subsequent psychopathology via brain functional or structural alterations.
Embedded metal cluster in strong laser fields
Creators: name: Fehrer, F.
name: Dinh, P. M.
name: Reinhard, P. -G.
name: Suraud, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss microscopic mechanisms of the violent dynamics following strong laser excitation of a metal cluster embedded in a rare gas matrix, taking as test case Na$_8$@Ar$_434$. This covers at least two aspects : first, it represents the typical experimental situation of metal clusters handled in raregas matrices or a finite drop of surrounding raregas material, and second, it serves as a generic test case for highly excited chromophores in inert surroundings addressing questions of energy transport and perturbation of the medium. We simulate the process up to 10 ps using a mixed quantum mechanical (for the electrons) and classical (ions and atoms) approach and analyze the emerging dynamics with respect to all basic constituents : cluster electrons, cluster ions, and matrix atoms. We find several stages of relaxation taking place with time scales from a few fs to over a few ps and much slower processes remaining for long after the simulation. A particularly interesting aspect is that the surrounding raregas material stabilizes a highly charged metal cluster which would otherwise explode without delay.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, Comp. Mat. Sci. (in press)
Developing the Galactic diffuse emission model for the GLAST Large Area Telescope
Creators: name: Moskalenko, Igor V.
name: Strong, Andrew W.
name: Digel, Seth W.
name: Porter, Troy A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diffuse emission is produced in energetic cosmic ray (CR) interactions, mainly protons and electrons, with the interstellar gas and radiation field and contains the information about particle spectra in distant regions of the Galaxy. It may also contain information about exotic processes such as dark matter annihilation, black hole evaporation etc. A model of the diffuse emission is important for determination of the source positions and spectra. Calculation of the Galactic diffuse continuum gamma-ray emission requires a model for CR propagation as the first step. Such a model is based on theory of particle transport in the interstellar medium as well as on many kinds of data provided by different experiments in Astrophysics and Particle and Nuclear Physics. Such data include: secondary particle and isotopic production cross sections, total interaction nuclear cross sections and lifetimes of radioactive species, gas mass calibrations and gas distribution in the Galaxy (H_2, H I, H II), interstellar radiation field, CR source distribution and particle spectra at the sources, magnetic field, energy losses, gamma-ray and synchrotron production mechanisms, and many other issues. We are continuously improving the GALPROP model and the code to keep up with a flow of new data. Improvement in any field may affect the Galactic diffuse continuum gamma-ray emission model used as a background model by the GLAST LAT instrument. Here we report about the latest improvements of the GALPROP and the diffuse emission model.
description: 2 pages, 2 figures; to appear in the Proc. of the First Int. GLAST Symp. (Stanford, Feb. 5-8, 2007), eds. S.Ritz, P.F.Michelson, and C.Meegan, AIP Conf. Proc
Prompt Emission of High Energy Photons from Gamma Ray Bursts
Creators: name: Gupta, Nayantara
name: Zhang, Bing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the internal shock scenario we consider different mechanisms of high energy ($>1$ MeV) photon production inside a Gamma Ray Burst (GRB) fireball and derive the expected high energy photon spectra from individual GRBs during the prompt phase. The photon spectra of leptonic and hadronic origins are compared within different sets of parameter regimes. Our results suggest that the high energy emission is dominated by the leptonic component if fraction of shock energy carried by electrons is not very small (e.g. $ε_e > 10^{-3}$). For very small values of $ε_e$ the hadronic emission component could be comparable to or even exceed the leptonic component in the GeV-TeV regime. However, in this case a much larger energy budget of the fireball is required to account for the same level of the observed sub-MeV spectrum. The fireballs are therefore extremely inefficient in radiation. For a canonical fireball bulk Lorentz factor (e.g. $Γ=400$), emissions above $\sim 10$ GeV are attenuated by two-photon pair production processes. For a fireball with an even higher Lorentz factor, the cutoff energy is higher, and emissions of 10 TeV - PeV due to $π^0$-decay can also escape from the internal shocks. The flux level is however too low to be detected by current TeV detectors, and these photons also suffer attenuation by external soft photons.
description: 18 pages 10figures, version to be published in MNRAS
Algebraic properties of some varieties of central loops
Creators: name: Jaiyeola, Temitope Gbolahan
name: Adeniran, John Olushola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20NO5; 08A05

description: Isotopes of C-loops with unique non-identity squares are shown to be both C-loops and A-loops. The relationship between C-loops and Steiner loops is further studied. Central loops with the weak and cross inverse properties are also investigated. C-loops are found to be Osborn loops if every element in them are squares.
description: 20 pages
MOESM8 of Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals the molecular regulation underlying the adaptive mechanism of cherry (Cerasus pseudocerasus Lindl.) to shelter covering
Creators: name: Tian, Tian
name: Qiao, Guang
name: Wen, Zhuang
name: Deng, Bin
name: Qiu, Zhilang
name: Hong, Yi
name: Wen, Xiaopeng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 8: Table S7. Responses of photosynthesis to different conditions in leaves during different stages. The values represent the mean ± SD of three trees (six leaves·tree− 1). The means followed by different letters in the same columns are significantly different at P < 0.05.
Additional file 1 of Attitudes on euthanasia among medical students and doctors in Sri Lanka: a cross sectional study
Creators: name: Herath, H. M. M. T. B.
name: Wijayawardhana, K. W. S. M.
name: Wickramarachchi, U. I.
name: Rodrigo, Chaturaka
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Summary of responses to the Attitudes Towards Euthanasia (ATE) scale.
Excitations and superfluidity in non-equilibrium Bose-Einstein condensates of exciton-polaritons
Creators: name: Wouters, M.
name: Carusotto, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a generic model for the description of non-equilibrium Bose-Einstein condensates, suited for the modelling of non-resonantly pumped polariton condensates in a semiconductor microcavity. The excitation spectrum and scattering of the non-equilibrium condensate with a defect are discussed.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
On the Exponential Decay of the n-point Correlation Functions and the Analyticity of the Pressure
Creators: name: Lo, Assane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The goal of this paper is to provide estimates leading to a direct proof of the exponential decay of the n-point correlation functions for certain unbounded models of Kac type. The methods are based on estimating higher order derivatives of the solution of the Witten Laplacian equation on one forms associated with the hamiltonian of the system. We also provide a formula for the Taylor coefficients of the pressure that is suitable for a direct proof the analyticity.
Random data Cauchy theory for supercritical wave equations I: Local theory
Creators: name: Burq, N.
name: Tzvetkov, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q55, 35BXX, 37K05, 37L50, 81Q20

description: We study the local existence of strong solutions for the cubic nonlinear wave equation with data in $H^s(M)$, $s<1/2$, where $M$ is a three dimensional compact riemannian manifold. This problem is supercritical and can be shown to be strongly ill-posed (in the Hadamard sense). However, after a suitable randomization, we are able to construct local strong solution for a large set of initial data in $H^s(M)$, where $s\geq 1/4$ in the case of a boundary less manifold and $s\geq 8/21$ in the case of a manifold with boundary.
A dynamical version of the Mordell-Lang conjecture for the additive group
Creators: name: Ghioca, Dragos
name: Tucker, Thomas J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11G50; 11J68, 37F10

description: We prove a dynamical version of the Mordell-Lang conjecture in the context of Drinfeld modules. We use analytic methods similar to the ones employed by Skolem, Chabauty, and Coleman for studying diophantine equations.
description: 13 pages
Random data Cauchy theory for supercritical wave equations II : A global existence result
Creators: name: Burq, N.
name: Tzvetkov, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q55, 35BXX, 37K05, 37L50, 81Q20

description: We prove that the subquartic wave equation on the three dimensional ball $Θ$, with Dirichlet boundary conditions admits global strong solutions for a large set of random supercritical initial data in $\cap_{s<1/2} H^s(Θ)$. We obtain this result as a consequence of a general random data Cauchy theory for supercritical wave equations developed in our previous work \cite{BT2} and invariant measure considerations which allow us to obtain also precise large time dynamical informations on our solutions.
Hamiltonian reduction of Vlasov-Maxwell to a dark slow manifold
Creators: name: Miloshevich, George
name: Burby, Joshua W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that nonrelativsitic scaling of the collisionless Vlasov-Maxwell system implies the existence of a formal invariant slow manifold in the infinite-dimensional Vlasov-Maxwell phase space. Vlasov-Maxwell dynamics restricted to the slow manifold recovers the Vlasov-Poisson and Vlasov-Darwin models as low-order approximations, and provides higher-order corrections to the Vlasov-Darwin model more generally. The slow manifold may be interpreted to all orders in perturbation theory as a collection of formal Vlasov-Maxwell solutions that do not excite light waves, and are therefore "dark". We provide a heuristic lower bound for the time interval over which Vlasov-Maxwell solutions initialized optimally-near the slow manifold remain dark. We also show how dynamics on the slow manifold naturally inherit a Hamiltonian structure from the underlying system. After expressing this structure in a simple form, we use it to identify a manifestly Hamiltonian correction to the Vlasov-Darwin model. The derivation of higher-order terms is reduced to computing the corrections of the system Hamiltonian restricted to the slow manifold.
description: 34 pages
Additional file 1 of How can we improve the experiences of patients and families who request medical assistance in dying? A multi-centre qualitative study
Creators: name: Oczkowski, Simon J. W.
name: Crawshaw, Diane E.
name: Austin, Peggy
name: Versluis, Donald
name: Kalles-Chan, Gaelen
name: Kekewich, Michael
name: Curran, Dorothyann
name: Miller, Paul
name: Kelly, Michaela
name: Wiebe, Ellen
name: Frolic, Andrea
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
On the reductive Borel-Serre compactification: $L^p$-cohomology of arithmetic groups (for large $p$)
Creators: name: Zucker, Steven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The $L^2$-cohomology of a locally symmetric variety is known to have the topological interpretation as the intersection homology of its Baily-Borel Satake compactification. In this article, we observe that even without the Hermitian hypothesis, the $L^p$-cohomology of an arithmetic quotient, for $p$ finite and sufficiently large, is isomorphic to the ordinary cohomology of its reductive Borel-Serre compactification. We use this to generalize a theorem of Mumford concerning homogeneous vector bundles, their invariant Chern forms and the canonical extensions of the bundles; here, though, we are referring to canonical extensions to the reductive Borel-Serre compactification of any arithmetic quotient. To achieve that, we give a systematic discussion of vector bundles and Chern classes on stratified
description: 32 pages
Additional file 2 of How can we improve the experiences of patients and families who request medical assistance in dying? A multi-centre qualitative study
Creators: name: Oczkowski, Simon J. W.
name: Crawshaw, Diane E.
name: Austin, Peggy
name: Versluis, Donald
name: Kalles-Chan, Gaelen
name: Kekewich, Michael
name: Curran, Dorothyann
name: Miller, Paul
name: Kelly, Michaela
name: Wiebe, Ellen
name: Frolic, Andrea
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2.
Additional file 1 of The history, state of the art and future prospects for oleaginous yeast research
Creators: name: Abeln, Felix
name: Chuck, Christopher J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. A supplementary information containing methods used in the data collection, further information on publishing trends within this data, and published processing conditions, lipid productivity and total lipid contents of the oleaginous yeasts discussed in this review.
title: Putting the peripheral centre stage : performing modernism in interbellum Bucharest 1924-1934
Creators: name: Chiriac, Alexandra
Publisher: name: University of St Andrews
Year: 2020

description: This thesis investigates how modernism manifested itself in applied arts and design in interbellum Bucharest, expanding the field of enquiry of the avant-garde outside two-dimensional production. The framework utilised is underpinned by two recent approaches: from art history, the concept of ‘circulations’ developed by Thomas DaCosta Kaufmann, Catherine Dossin, and Béatrice Joyeux-Prunel; and from the field of performance studies, Erika Fischer-Lichte’s new aesthetics of performance. The narrative thread is provided by the activities of the artist M. H. Maxy in the realms of design and performance, yet he is not always the protagonist. The first half of the thesis recovers the history of the Academy of Decorative Arts, a private venture founded by designer and pedagogue Andrei Vespremie and later joined by Maxy and his wife Mela Maxy. Through newly uncovered archival material, it provides a close reading of the Academy’s curriculum and workshops and establishes its links with the Schule Reimann, a pioneering Berlin-based design institution. The second half of the thesis focuses on Maxy’s work in stage design and reveals the trajectories of his innovative collaborators: the Vilna Troupe, Dida Solomon and Iacob Sternberg. Examining a range of theatrical productions, it highlights the experimental visions, intricate performances and iconoclastic endeavours of these practitioners, which ran the gamut of ‘high’ to ‘low’ art and blurred the boundaries between modern life, modern commerce, and the theatrical stage. Overall, this thesis brings to light the rich artistic life of modern Bucharest, a heretofore peripheral location in histories of art, and highlights practitioners whose contribution to the European interwar avant-garde have been obscured by the gaps between disciplines or national narratives. It challenges the categories of ‘avant-garde’ and ‘modernism’ and their restrictive usage, advocating for a more inclusive and transnational approach that eschews binaries and normalises cross-cultural and cross-media slippages and collaborations.
Critical Kauffman networks under deterministic asynchronous update
Creators: name: Greil, Florian
name: Drossel, Barbara
name: Sattler, Joost
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the influence of a deterministic but non-synchronous update on Random Boolean Networks, with a focus on critical networks. Knowing that ``relevant components'' determine the number and length of attractors, we focus on such relevant components and calculate how the length and number of attractors on these components are modified by delays at one or more nodes. The main findings are that attractors decrease in number when there are more delays, and that periods may become very long when delays are not integer multiples of the basic update step.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, submitted to a journal
Additional file 1 of Multi-omics approach to COVID-19: a domain-based literature review
Creators: name: Montaldo, Chiara
name: Messina, Francesco
name: Abbate, Isabella
name: Antonioli, Manuela
name: Bordoni, Veronica
name: Aiello, Alessandra
name: Ciccosanti, Fabiola
name: Colavita, Francesca
name: Farroni, Chiara
name: Najafi Fard, Saeid
name: Giombini, Emanuela
name: Goletti, Delia
name: Matusali, Giulia
name: Rozera, Gabriella
name: Rueca, Martina
name: Sacchi, Alessandra
name: Piacentini, Mauro
name: Agrati, Chiara
name: Fimia, Gian Maria
name: Capobianchi, Maria Rosaria
name: Lauria, Francesco Nicola
name: Ippolito, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Scoping review protocol. Working method and tools used by the domain groups. Table S1. Selected articles catalogued by domain. Table S2. Tables of evidence. A) Virus characterization and viral entry: B) Host signature: C) Pathways: D. Phenotypes. Table S3. B) Conceptual table: SARS-CoV-2 entry. Tabla S4. Immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection in lung and other tissues (A), peripheral blood (B) and specific cell types in blood immune cells (C). Pathways, host signature (differentially expressed genes and proteins) and body districts, subset per specific omics data: host proteomics, bulk RNAseq and scRNAseq. Table S5. Pathogenic mechanisms in COVID-19 phenotype: SARS-CoV-2—host interactions in the lung. (A), DEG and DEP analysis in other organs and tissues (B) Hub genes and pathway of innate immune response (C), Comorbidities COVID-19 associated not sharing COVID-19 pathogenesis (D), Comorbidities associated and related to COVID-19 pathway (E). Omics and pathway involved were split by different phenotypes: severe, mild/asymptomatic and other Infections. Annexes: Annex 1—Report from Working Group 1: Molecular characterisation of the virus; Annex 2—Report from Working Group 2—Pathways; Annex 3—Report from Working Group 3- Host signatures; Annex 4—Report from Working Group 4—Phenotype. Glossary.
The $^4$He total photo-absorption cross section with two- plus three-nucleon interactions from chiral effective field theory
Creators: name: Quaglioni, S.
name: Navratil, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The total photo-absorption cross section of $^4$He is evaluated microscopically using two- (NN) and three-nucleon (NNN) interactions based upon chiral effective field theory ($χ$EFT). The calculation is performed using the Lorentz integral transform method along with the {\em ab initio} no-core shell model approach. An important feature of the present study is the consistency of the NN and NNN interactions and also, through the Siegert theorem, of the two- and three-body current operators. This is due to the application of the $χ$EFT framework. The inclusion of the NNN interaction produces a suppression of the low-energy peak and enhancement of the high-energy tail of the cross section. We compare to calculations obtained using other interactions and to representative experiments. The rather confused experimental situation in the giant resonance region prevents discrimination among different interaction models.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
title: Перспективы и угрозы реализации конституционного принципа достоинства личности в геномике
title: Realization of the Constitutional Principle of Human Dignity in Genomics: its Prospects and Threats
Creators: name: Крылатова, Ирина Юрьевна
Publisher: name: Издательский центр СурГУ
Year: 2021

description: В статье проанализированы междисциплинарные аспекты новейших достижений в области геномики, которые внедряются в практическую медицинскую и социальную парадигму современного общества. Выделены и обобщены тенденции геномики, направленные на поддержание качественной жизни конкретного гражданина и благополучия общества в целом.
Цель исследования – комплексный анализ философско-правовых и биоэтических дилемм применения современных биотехнологий в их взаимосвязи с соматической природой прав человека и принципом неприкосновенности достоинства личности. Подчеркивается особая роль следования международным стандартам соблюдения этики геномных исследований и манипуляций, работы с геномной информацией, базирующейся на неприкосновенности человеческого достоинства и создании условий для беспрепятственной реализации этого принципа. На основе синтеза общенаучных и специальных методов исследования обосновывается авторский подход к ключевой роли конституционного принципа достоинства личности в геномике, а также приводится анализ ключевых перспектив и угроз его реализации.
description: The article analyzes the interdisciplinary aspects of the newest achievements in the field of genomics, which are being implemented into practical medical and social paradigm of the modern society. The general tendencies of genomics directed into supporting the level of life of a certain citizen and wellness of the society in general are identified and generalized.
The aim of the study is a complex analysis of philosophic and legal and bioethical dilemmas of application of modern biotechnologies and their interconnections with somatic nature of an individual rights and principle of inviolability of human dignity. The study emphasizes an important role of adhering to international standards about compliance with the ethics of genomic research and manipulations, and working with genomic information based on the inviolability of human dignity and development of conditions for the unhindered implementation of this principle. Based on the synthesis of all-scientific and specific research methods, the author’s approach to the key role of the constitutional principle of the human dignity in genomics is substantiated, as well as the analysis of the key prospects and threats of its realization is presented.