cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Spectroscopy of 193,195,197Po
Creators: name: McNabb, D.P.
name: Janssens, R.V.F.
name: Nisius, D.
name: Bingham, C.R.
name: Conticchio, L.F.
name: Decrock, P.
name: Seweryniak, D.
name: Brown, L.T.
name: Lauritsen, T.
name: Andreyev, A.
name: Davids, C.N.
name: Reiter, P.
name: Carpenter, M.P.
name: Fischer, S.
name: Wauters, J.
name: Huyse, M.
name: Fotiades, N.
name: Amro, H.
name: Ding, K.Y.
name: Cizewski, J.A.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 1997

description: Excited states built on the 13/21 isomers of the odd-mass 193,195,197Po isotopes have been observed via in-beam g-ray spectroscopy. The a radioactivity of these isotopes has been used to tag g -ray transitions following the AEr1164 MeV 32S reactions, where A5164, 166, 167, 168, and 170. Prompt g radiation was measured by ten Compton-suppressed Ge detectors at the target position and the Fragment Mass Analyzer was used to select evaporation residues. The results are compared with the first excited states of the heavier odd-mass polonium isotopes and of the even-mass cores.
Hybrid modeling of tumor-induced angiogenesis
Creators: name: Bonilla, L. L.
name: Capasso, V.
name: Alvaro, M.
name: Carretero, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When modeling of tumor-driven angiogenesis, a major source of analytical and computational complexity is the strong coupling between the kinetic parameters of the relevant stochastic branching-and-growth of the capillary network, and the family of interacting underlying fields. To reduce this complexity, we take advantage of the system intrinsic multiscale structure: we describe the stochastic dynamics of the cells at the vessel tip at their natural mesoscale, whereas we describe the deterministic dynamics of the underlying fields at a larger macroscale. Here, we set up a conceptual stochastic model including branching, elongation, and anastomosis of vessels and derive a mean field approximation for their densities. This leads to a deterministic integro-partial differential system that describes the formation of the stochastic vessel network. We discuss the proper capillary injecting boundary conditions and include the results of relevant numerical simulations.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 1 of DNA methylation, but not microRNA expression, is affected by in vitro THC exposure in bovine granulosa cells
Creators: name: Floccari, Sabrina
name: Sabry, Reem
name: Choux, Laurie
name: Neal, Michael S.
name: Khokhar, Jibran Y.
name: Favetta, Laura A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1
Structure of superdeformed bands in 195Hg
Creators: name: Macchiavelli, A.O.
name: Carpenter, M.P.
name: Ahmad, I.
name: Fallon, P.
name: Ackermann, D.
name: Amro, H.
name: Clark, R.M.
name: Hackman, G.
name: Diamond, R.M.
name: Fischer, S.M.
name: Wyss, R.
name: Krücken, R.
name: Deleplanque, M.A.
name: Asztalos, S.
name: Janssens, R.V.F.
name: Khoo, T.L.
name: Schmid, G.J.
name: Blumenthal, D.J.
name: Lee, I.-Y.
name: MacLeod, R.W.
name: Lauritsen, T.
name: Nisius, D.
name: Herskind, B.
name: Vetter, K.
name: Stephens, F.S.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 1997

description: Four new superdeformed bands have been observed with the Gammasphere array and have been assigned to the 195Hg nucleus. Two of the bands are interpreted as signature partners most likely based on Nosc6 neutron quasiparticles coupled to a superdeformed core, while the other two appear to be based on a j15/2 intruder orbital. These four bands do not exhibit a simple, ``identical bands'' relationship to other superdeformed bands in this mass region.
Group theoretic approach to rationally extended shape invariant potentials
Creators: name: Yadav, Rajesh Kumar
name: Kumari, Nisha
name: Khare, Avinash
name: Mandal, Bhabani Prasad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exact bound state spectrum of rationally extended shape invariant real as well as $PT$ symmetric complex potentials are obtained by using potential group approach. The generators of the potential groups are modified by introducing a new operator $U (x, J_3 \pm 1/2 )$ to express the Hamiltonian corresponding to these extended potentials in terms of Casimir operators. Connection between the potential algebra and the shape invariance is elucidated.
description: 12 Pages, Latex
Additional file 2 of DNA methylation, but not microRNA expression, is affected by in vitro THC exposure in bovine granulosa cells
Creators: name: Floccari, Sabrina
name: Sabry, Reem
name: Choux, Laurie
name: Neal, Michael S.
name: Khokhar, Jibran Y.
name: Favetta, Laura A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Material 2
Spins, parity, excitation energies, and octupole structure of an excited superdeformed band in 194Hg and implications for identical bands
Creators: name: Nisius, D.
name: Nakatsukasa, T.
name: Hannachi, F.
name: Fischer, S.M.
name: Amro, H.
name: Lee, I.Y.
name: Young, J.
name: Janssens, R.V.F.
name: Blumenthal, D.J.
name: Lauritsen, T.
name: Korichi, A.
name: Reiter, P.
name: Moore, E.F.
name: Agarwala, S.
name: Carpenter, M.P.
name: Ahmad, I.
name: Khoo, T.L.
name: Calderin, I.J.
name: Hackman, G.
name: Ackermann, D.
name: Lopez-Martens, A.
name: Døssing, T.
name: Macchiavelli, A.O.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 1997

description: An excited superdeformed band in 194Hg, observed to decay directly to both normal-deformed and superdeformed yrast states, is proposed to be a Kπ = 2− octupole vibrational band, based on its excitation energies, spins, and likely parity. The transition energies are identical to those of the yrast superdeformed band in 192Hg, but originate from levels with different spins and parities. The evolution of transition energies with spin suggests that cancellations between pairing and particle alignment are partly responsible for the identical transition energies.
Evolution of H$_2$O, CO, and CO$_2$ Production in Comet C/2009 P1 Garradd During the 2011-2012 Apparition
Creators: name: McKay, Adam J.
name: Cochran, Anita L.
name: DiSanti, Michael A.
name: Villanueva, Geronimo
name: Russo, Neil Dello
name: Vervack, Ronald J.
name: Morgenthaler, Jeffrey P.
name: Harris, Walter M.
name: Chanover, Nancy J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present analysis of high spectral resolution NIR spectra of CO and H$_2$O in comet C/2009 P1 (Garradd) taken during its 2011-2012 apparition with the CSHELL instrument on NASA's Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF). We also present analysis of observations of atomic oxygen in comet Garradd obtained with the ARCES echelle spectrometer mounted on the ARC 3.5-meter telescope at Apache Point Observatory and the Tull Coude spectrograph on the Harlan J. Smith 2.7-meter telescope at McDonald Observatory. The observations of atomic oxygen serve as a proxy for H$_2$O and CO$_2$. We confirm the high CO abundance in comet Garradd and the asymmetry in the CO/H$_2$O ratio with respect to perihelion reported by previous studies. From the oxygen observations, we infer that the CO$_2$/H$_2$O ratio decreased as the comet moved towards the Sun, which is expected based on current sublimation models. We also infer that the CO$_2$/H$_2$O ratio was higher pre-perihelion than post-perihelion. We observe evidence for the icy grain source of H$_2$O reported by several studies pre-perihelion, and argue that this source is significantly less abundant post-perihelion. Since H$_2$O, CO$_2$, and CO are the primary ices in comets, they drive the activity. We use our measurements of these important volatiles in an attempt to explain the evolution of Garradd's activity over the apparition.
description: 35 pages, 10 figures, 9 tables, accepted for publication in Icarus
Coils and the Electromagnet Used in the Joule Balance at the NIM
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhonghua
name: Li, Zhengkun
name: Han, Bing
name: Lu, Yunfeng
name: Li, Shisong
name: Xu, Jinxin
name: Wang, Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the joule balance developed at National Institute of Metrology (NIM), the dynamic phase of a watt balance is replaced by the mutual inductance measurement in an attempt to provide an alternative method for the kg redefinition. But for this method a rather large current in the exciting coil, is needed to offer the necessary magnetic field in the force weighing phase, and the coil heating becomes an important uncertainty source. To reduce coil heating, a new coil system, in which a ferromagnetic material is used to increase the magnetic field was designed recently. But adopting the ferromagnetic material brings the difficulty from the nonlinear characteristic of material. This problem can be removed by measuring the magnetic flux linkage difference of the suspended coil at two vertical positions directly to replace the mutual inductance parameter. Some systematic effects of this magnet are discussed.
description: 7 figures, 10 pages, accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement
Additional file 1 of Comparative genomic analysis of nickel homeostasis in cable bacteria
Creators: name: Hiralal, Anwar
name: Geelhoed, Jeanine S.
name: Neukirchen, Sinje
name: Meysman, Filip J. R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1.
Alignment additivity in the two-quasiparticle superdeformed bands of 192Tl
Creators: name: Khoo, T.L.
name: Reviol, W.
name: Riedinger, L.L.
name: Ahmad, I.
name: Blumenthal, D.J.
name: Cederwall, B.
name: Smith, B.H.
name: Crowell, B.
name: Nisius, D.
name: Fischer, S.M.
name: Mueller, W.F.
name: Carpenter, M.P.
name: Janssens, R.V.F.
name: Lauritsen, T.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 1996

description: Four superdeformed bands have been confirmed in 192Tl. Two of these bands have script T sign(2) dynamic moments of inertia which are nearly constant with rotational frequency ℏω. The other two bands show the characteristic rise of script T sign(2) with increasing ℏω seen in most superdeformed bands of the A = 190 region of superdeformation. From comparisons with the odd-A neighbors, it was found that the alignments of these bands relative to a 192Hg core can be accounted for from the additive contributions of the assigned quasiproton and quasineutron orbitals.
ENLIGHT RISE - Deliverable 7.3 - ENLIGHT OS, OA & RDM Starter Kit for Researchers
Creators: name: Lembinen, Liisi
name: Schmidt, Birgit
name: Van Nieuwerburgh, Inge
name: Schatz, Merle
name: Heininga, Vera E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: European Universities Alliances
Open Science
Open Access
Research Data Management

description: The Enlight Open Science, Open Access (OA) and Research Data Management (RDM) Starter Kit will bring together basics arguments and information on how to get started, generic information and information on OA and RDM – where to get started, where are places to get information for example on GDPR, DMPs, data repositories, required policies, licenses etc. Usable templates which can be adapted to local situation and different subject fields.
title:  (Re)writing pain. The theme of violence in contemporary Afro-Brazilian women novelists
Creators: name: Stevens, Cristina
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2015

description: Articulating feminism with issues of race, this paper aims at presenting some Afro-Brazilian novels written by women, which expose the theme of violence – both physical, and the more complex, diversified manifestations of symbolic violence against Afro-Brazilians. In the relative absence of historical records, this fictional material can also be seen as (re)creations of their lives, the extreme cruelties they suffered not only under slavery, but also in contemporary society, and the ways they devise to overcome and transcend these experiences. Emphasis on the novels Becos da Memória (Memory Lane) by Conceição Evaristo e Um Defeito de Cor (A Colour Defect), by Ana Maria Gonçalves.
description: KRYPTON – VOL.5/6 – 2015 – VIOLENZA
Supercyclidic nets
Creators: name: Bobenko, Alexander I.
name: Huhnen-Venedey, Emanuel
name: Rörig, Thilo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 51A05, 53A20, 37K25, 65D17

description: Supercyclides are surfaces with a characteristic conjugate parametrization consisting of two families of conics. Patches of supercyclides can be adapted to a Q-net (a discrete quadrilateral net with planar faces) such that neighboring surface patches share tangent planes along common boundary curves. We call the resulting patchworks 'supercyclidic nets' and show that every Q-net in $\mathbb{R}P^3$ can be extended to a supercyclidic net. The construction is governed by a multidimensionally consistent 3D system. One essential aspect of the theory is the extension of a given Q-net in $\mathbb{R}P^N$ to a system of circumscribed discrete torsal line systems. We present a description of the latter in terms of projective reflections that generalizes the systems of orthogonal reflections which govern the extension of circular nets to cyclidic nets by means of Dupin cyclide patches.
description: 34 pages, 20 figures
اعتبارسنجی استصحاب در دو امر حادث با تاریخ مجهول؛ و تأثیر آن در نقد ماده 873 قانون مدنی
Publisher: name: دانشگاه کردستان
Year: 2022

description: جریان و یا عدم جریان استصحاب در دو حادثه ای که تقدم و تأخر آن دو مشخص نیست، دارای ثمرات فقهی و حقوقی فراوانی در بیشتر ابواب فقه و حقوق می باشد و اندیشمندان فقه و حقوق در این مسئله دیدگاه های مختلفی ابراز داشته اند. در نوشتار پیش رو با بهره گیری از منابع کتابخانه‎ ای و با روش تحلیلِ تطبیقی، آراء دانشمندان فقه و دیدگاه حقوقدانان مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. نتایج پژوهش نشان می دهد که فقها استصحاب را در این مسأله جاری دانسته، ولی به سبب تعارض، اثری برای آن لحاظ نمى‏کنند و به قاعده طهارت، قرعه، احتیاط و .... مراجعه می کنند. البته برخی به کلی استصحاب را جاری ندانسته و اصالت طهارت ‏را مطرح نموده اند. فقها با اختلاف در جریان استصحاب، در کیفیت و نوع جهل تفاوت قائل نشده اند. حقوقدانان در فرض جهل در زمان حادثه نخست دیدگاه فقیهان را پذیرفته اند، ولی در فرض جهل در زمان حادثه دوم، آراء مختلفی دارند. در این مقاله اشکالات ماده 873 قانون مدنی که مخالفت صریح با فقه دارد بررسی شده است. به عنوان یکی از نتایج این پژوهش، و ملاحظه این که قانون مدنی ایران، بر گرفته از فقه امامیّه می باشد، به نظر می رسد بایستی در محتوا قانون مدنی ایران در موضوع ارث بازنگری صورت گیرد. تفاوت های بسیار میان «قانون مدنی ایران» و «فقه امامیّ» منجر به بروز اختلافاتی در مسائلی چون ارث شده است
ELECTRONIC EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL SYSTEM – PERSPECTIVE OF BANK EMPLOYEES
Creators: name: J. NISHA
name: Dr. V. SUMATHY
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Electronic Performance appraisal system), Key Performance Indicators (KPI), Information technology, Human Resource department employees (HRs), performance monitoring

description: Abstract
An Electronic Performance Appraisal System (EPAS) uses technology to monitor and track employee activities in the workplace. Organizations are increasingly adopting EPAS to enhance employee performance, improve organizational efficiency, and gather performance data through internet, email, and mobile devices. This article explores the perspective of few Bank employees of few Private banks in Porur, Chennai on EPAS, gathering data through a structured questionnaire. The collected data is analyzed using chi-square test statistics, and the findings are presented.
Collective and quasiparticle excitations in superdeformed 190Hg
Creators: name: Lopez-Martens, A.
name: Sharpey-Schafer, J.F.
name: Khoo, T.L.
name: Blumenthal, D.J.
name: Redon, N
name: Meyer, M.
name: Hannachi, F.
name: Ahmad, I.
name: Nakatsukasa, T.
name: Astier, A.
name: Timár, J.
name: Korichi, A.
name: Nisius, D.
name: Bergström, M.
name: Lauritsen, T.
name: Wilson, A.N.
name: Paul, E.S.
name: Gall, B.J.P.
name: Carpenter, M.P.
name: Porquet, M.G.
name: Wilson, J.N.
name: Ducroux, L.
name: Crowell, B.
name: Janssens, R.V.F.
name: Azaiez, F.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 1996

description: Superdeformed SDstates of 190Hg have been studied with the Eurogam Phase 2-ray spectrometer using the 160Gd(34S,4n) reaction. Two new excited SD bands have been found and identi®ed as belonging to this nucleus, bringing the total number of SD bands in 190Hg to 4. One of the new bands has a dynamic moment of inertia that is very similar to that of the yrast SD band of 190Hg and most other SD bands in the A190 region. In contrast, the other band has a dynamic moment of inertia which is mainly constant as a function of rotational frequency and exhibits a dramatic increase at the lowest frequencies. The observed dynamic moments of inertia are compared with the results of random phase approximation calculations based on the cranked shell model. Finally, the known excited SD band has been extended towards lower frequencies and new transitions have been found linking this band to the yrast SD band. The extracted B(E1) values of the new linking transitions give further support for the possible octupole vibrational character of this band.
بازپژوهی دلایل صحت بیع معاطات با تأکید بر آرای امام خمینی(ره)
Publisher: name: دانشگاه کردستان
Year: 2022

description: از جمله موارد اختلافی اقسام بیع میان فقهای امامیه، بیع معاطاتی\nاست؛ لذا تحقیق در مورد ادله صحت بیع معاطات از منظر فقه امامیه\n لازم و ضروری می باشد. بنابراین هدف اصلی این تحقیق بازپژوهی\nدلایل صحت بیع معاطات از منظر فقه امامیه با تأکید بر آرای امام\nخمینی است که به صورت تبیین، تشریح، توصیف و تحلیل، به این\nموضوع پرداخته شده است. عده ای از فقها، معاطات را بیعی متزلزل\nمی دانند، مثل علامه حلی و محقق حلی و برای اثبات ادعای خود\nدلایلی همچون روایت، اصل و اجماع ذکر کرده اند؛ اما عده ای از فقها\nاز جمله امام خمینی معاطات را صحیح و آنرا لازم میدانند و برای\nاثبات ادعای خود ادله ای ذکر کرده اند و نظریه کسانی که بیع معاطات\nرا لازم و صحیح نمی دانند، را رد می کنند و معتقدند شروطی که در\nبیع لازم است و همچنین تمام خیارات، در بیع معاطات موجود\nمیباشد
Optical - Near Infrared Photometric Calibration of M-dwarf Metallicity and Its Application
Creators: name: Hejazi, Neda
name: De Robertis, Michael M.
name: Dawson, Peter C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on a carefully constructed sample of dwarf stars, a new optical-near infrared photometric calibration to estimate the metallicity of late-type K and early-to-mid-type M dwarfs is presented. The calibration sample has two parts; the first part includes 18 M dwarfs with metallicities determined by high-resolution spectroscopy and the second part contains 49 dwarfs with metallicities obtained through moderate-resolution spectra. By applying this calibration to a large sample of around 1.3 million M dwarfs from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and the Two-Micron All Sky Survey, the metallicity distribution of this sample is determined and compared with those of previous studies. Using photometric parallaxes, the Galactic heights of M dwarfs in the large sample are also estimated. Our results show that stars farther from the Galactic plane, on average, have lower metallicity, which can be attributed to the age-metallicity relation. A scarcity of metal-poor dwarf stars in the metallicity distribution relative to the Simple Closed Box Model indicates the existence of the "M dwarf problem," similar to the previously known G and K dwarf problems. Several more complicated Galactic chemical evolution models which have been proposed to resolve the G and K dwarf problems are tested and it is shown that these models could, to some extent, mitigate the M dwarf problem as well.
description: Accepted for Publication in the Astronomical Journal
Additional file 1 of Fish Iridoviridae: infection, vaccination and immune response
Creators: name: Leiva-Rebollo, Rocío
name: Labella, Alejandro M.
name: Gémez-Mata, Juan
name: Castro, Dolores
name: Borrego, Juan J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1. Marine and freshwater (including ornamental) fish susceptible to Iridoviridae infections.
Ground states for nonuniform periodic Ising chains
Creators: name: Martínez-Garcilazo, J. P.
name: Ramírez, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a generalization of Morita's works on ground states of Ising chains, for chains with a periodic structure with different spins, and distant neighbor interactions. The main assumption is translational invariance. The length of the irreducible blocks is a multiple of the period of the chain. In the case of parity invariance, it restricts the length in general only in the diatomic case. There are degenerated states and under certain circumstances there could be nonregular ground states. We illustrate the results and give the ground state diagrams in several cases.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Artificial space debris and Kessler syndrome.
Creators: name: Harillo Pla, Adrià
Publisher: name: Visions for Sustainability
Year: 2023

description: Space debris is an unuseful material which is nowadays moving in the space. This debris can be both natural and artificial, but we will focus this article on the artificial debris. This spacial artificial debris implies a series of problems. The main contribution of this text is to highlight the importance of one of these issues from a philosophical perspective. The specific issue to which we will refer is the Kessler Syndrome. The Kessler Syndrome presents a situation in which, without a reduction of artificial debris in the space and, specially, on Earth’s orbit, humans will see reduced their possibilities to keep exploring the universe. Our main hypothesis is that, if this Kessler Syndrome becomes a reality, human knowledge will be predictably self-limited due to the lack of current responsibility. This article presents, from a deductive methodology, a theoretical hypothesis from a coherent and plausible way. As a consequence, the results will be of a conceptual nature, and not experimentally or empirically proven. Keywords Debris; Evidence; Kessler Syndrome; Philosophy of Knowledge; Space Debris.
description: Visions for Sustainability, NEW Visions online
Additional file 1 of The potential anti-arrhythmic effect of SGLT2 inhibitors
Creators: name: Duan, Hong-Yi
name: Barajas-Martinez, Hector
name: Antzelevitch, Charles
name: Hu, Dan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Science Policy
Hematology

description: Supplementary Material 1
نقدپذیری معیارهای علامه شوشتری در ساختگی بودن روایات فقهی
Publisher: name: دانشگاه کردستان
Year: 2022

description: حدیث به عنوان دومین منبع از ادله استنباط احکام همواره مورد توجه\nفقها بوده است و با توجه به لزوم اثبات صحت روایات و اهمیت بالای\nآن در مباحث فقهی، دانشمندان اسلامی و فقیهان برای مقابله با\nعارضه وضع و تحریف روایات در دوره های مختلف آثاری را از خود\nبرجای نهاده اند. یکی از کتب مهم معاصر و از جدیترین کتاب ها در\nاینباره، کتاب األخبارالدخیله محمدتقی شوشتری\nدانشمند معاصر ایرانی است. هدف از این پژوهش بررسی معیارهای\nشوشتری در ساختگی دانستن روایات است. این پژوهش که با روش\nتوصیفی ـ تحلیلی انجام گرفته ضمن بازشناسی مهمترین معیارها و\nذکر نمونه هایی از روایات کتاب، نشان میدهد که نگارنده، روایات را از\nزوایای مختلف بررسی کرده است. او هم به نقد متنی مانند ناسازگاری\nبا قرآن، سنت قطعی، عقل، تاریخ، علم، حکم مشهور فقهی و اعتقادات\nکلامی پرداخته و هم به نقد سندی روایات نظیر واکاوی طبقه راوی،\nضعف سند و سایر موارد رجالی توجه داشته و در این فرایند با وسواس\nو دقت نظر کوشش نموده، روایات موضوعه یا محرفه را بازشناسی و\nمعرفی کند. با این وصف مواردی همچون عدم تبویب دقیق، فقدان\nوحدت رویه، قطعی پنداشتن دیدگاه نویسنده در مواردی که فقط یک\nاحتمال را میتوان از کلامش دریافت کرد، را به عنوان کاستی های\nکتاب برشمرد
Generalized Magnetofluid Connections in Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamics
Creators: name: Asenjo, Felipe A.
name: Comisso, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The concept of magnetic connections is extended to non-ideal relativistic magnetohydrodynamical plasmas. Adopting a general set of equations for relativistic magnetohydrodynamics including thermal-inertial, thermal electromotive, Hall and current-inertia effects, we derive a new covariant connection equation showing the existence of generalized magnetofluid connections that are preserved during the dissipationless plasma dynamics. These connections are intimately linked to a general antisymmetric tensor that unifies the electromagnetic and fluid fields, allowing the extension of the magnetic connection notion to a much broader concept.
description: Accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters
title:  Jovens namorados e a violência de gênero: uma relação desigual
Creators: name: de Ataíde  ,  Marlene Almeida
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2015

description: O presente artigo resulta de uma pesquisa qualitativa, ancorada pela metodologia da história oral, enquanto suporte investigativo. Teve como objetivo conhecer a partir das narrativas de duas jovens universitárias o fenômeno da violência nas relações de namoro. Nesta perspectiva desvelar os argumentos que defendem para submeter-se à uma relação de violência pressupõe apreender os significados que atribuem ao(s) tipo(s) da(s) violência(s) sofrida(s). Assim, esta pesquisa buscou investigar a violência de gênero, ou seja, as ações ou condutas, baseadas no gênero, que podem causar a morte, além do dano ou sofrimento físico, sexual ou psicológico à mulher, pois, tais eventos dessa natureza podem ocorrer tanto no espaço público como no privado. A violência de gênero expressa as relações de poder historicamente desiguais entre homens e mulheres.
description: KRYPTON – VOL.5/6 – 2015 – VIOLENZA
title:  Ethique et criminalisation du VIH: échographie d’une violence contre-indiquée
Creators: name: Ahouma  ,  Adayé
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2015

description: Mettre en évidence le caractère violent des lois relatives au VIH, telle est l’orientation substantielle de cette investigation. En effet, tout se passe comme si les données et appréhensions qui avaient cours dès la découverte de cette maladie n’avaient subi de changement notoire. Le séropositif est traité au plan légal comme un être dont la dangerosité nécessite relatif isolement ou silencieuse réclusion. Et cela contre les recommandations les plus sérieuses. Il n’est pas question qu’il affecte le reste du corps social. Or des progrès sont faits au plan de la recherche qui devraient apaiser et neutraliser les craintes initiales. Cette persistance de l’agressivité légale ne peut en rien réduire le VIH, au contraire, elle crée les conditions de son amplification. Ce travail explicite les facettes et incohérences de cette posture qui assurément transpire la peur primitive relative à cette pandémie, et dont les conséquences compliquent l’existence des séropositifs.
description: KRYPTON – VOL.5/6 – 2015 – VIOLENZA
Excitation energies and spins of a superdeformed band in 194Hg from one-step discrete decays to the yrast line
Creators: name: Fischer, S.M.
name: Korichi, A.
name: Moore, E.F.
name: Henry, E.A.
name: Døssing, T.
name: Becker, J.A.
name: Khoo, T.L.
name: Fallon, P.
name: Clark, R.M.
name: Nisius, D.
name: Macchiavelli, A.O.
name: Asztalos, S.J.
name: Blumenthal, D.J.
name: Lopez-Martens, A.
name: Lauritsen, T.
name: Diamond, R.M.
name: Ackermann, D.
name: Farris, L.P.
name: Deleplanque, M.A.
name: Lee, I.Y.
name: Janssens, R.V.F.
name: Kruecken, R.
name: Stephens, F.S.
name: Bernstein, L.
name: Ahmad, I.
name: Hannachi, F.
name: Carpenter, M.P.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 1996

description: Discrete γ rays directly connecting states of a superdeformed (SD) band in 194Hg to the yrast states have been discovered. Thus, the excitation energies and spins of all members of the lowest SD band are established for the first time, together with their likely parity. The SD band decays from its 10+ and 12+ states, which lie 4204.8 and 4407.4 keV above the normal-deformed yrast states of the same spins.
مشروعیت درآمدزایی با استفاده از تارنماهای تبلیغاتی
Publisher: name: دانشگاه کردستان
Year: 2022

description: بحث پیرامون مشروعیت درآمدزایی با استفاده از تارنماهای تبلیغاتی\nو موضوع شناسی آن است. به این بیان که امروزه معاملات و\nقراردادهای جدیدی به وجود آمده که حکم بین معاملاتى که در زمان\nشارع متداول بوده و معاملاتى که اندکى پس از زمان شارع مرسوم\nشده است و یا معاملاتى که هر روز در بازار کالا و خدمات انجام\nمى شود، تفاوتى وجود ندارد، سوال کلیدی این است که کسب مال از\nاین طریق چه حکمی دارد؛ از این رو موضوع شناسی در مرحله اول و\nتبیین حکم کسب مال از طریق تارنماهای تبلیغاتی مسأله اصلی این\nپژوهش می باشد. که با روش تحلیلی – توصیفی و اجتهادی صورت\nمی پذیرد. با بازخوانی ادله فقهی، شواهد و قواعد فقهیه تبیین ادله\nکسب مال از طریق عقود اسلامی بر مساله و نقد و تحلیل اجتهادی\nدلایل میتوان کسب مال از طریق تارنماهای تبلیغاتی را مشخص کرد.\nپس از نقد و بررسی ادله جواز کسب از طریق عقد جعاله، بیع و اجاره؛\nدر نهایت این نوع کسب مال از طریق عقد جعاله اثبات میشود. افزون\nبر آن کسب مال از طریق غیر متعارف و بازدید غیر واقعی (از طریق\nربا)طبق قواعد فقهی اکل مال به الباطل، قاعده ضرر و غرر حرام\nمیباشد
A semi-flexible attracting-segment model of three-dimensional polymer collapse
Creators: name: Krawczyk, J.
name: Owczarek, A. L.
name: Prellberg, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently it has been shown that a two-dimensional model of self-attracting polymers based on attracting segments with the addition of stiffness displays three phases: a swollen phase, a globular, liquid-like phase, and an anisotropic crystal-like phase. Here, we consider the attracting segment model in three dimensions with the addition of stiffness. While we again identify a swollen and two distinct collapsed phases, we find that both collapsed phases are anisotropic, so that there is no phase in which the polymer resembles a disordered liquid drop. Moreover all the phase transitions are first order.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:0807.1395
Fission decay of 48Cr at E*CN≈60 MeV
Creators: name: Beck, C.
name: Szanto De Toledo, A.
name: Freer, M.
name: Carpenter, M.P.
name: Wuosmaa, A.H.
name: Dummer, A.K.
name: Liang, Y.
name: Back, B.B.
name: Henderson, D.J.
name: Farrar, K.A.
name: Cavallaro, Sl.
name: Hasan, A.T.
name: Nisius, D.
name: Bearden, I.G.
name: Freeman, R.M.
name: Janssens, R.V.F.
name: Crowell, B.
name: Khoo, T.L.
name: Sanders, S.J.
name: Lauritsen, T.
name: Betts, R.R.
name: Prosser, F.W.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 1996

description: The fully energy-damped yields for the 36Ar + 12C and 20Ne + 28Si reactions at Ec.m. = 47.0 MeV and 45.5 MeV, respectively, are explored using particle-particle-γ coincidence data. These reactions reach a similar excitation energy of E*CN= 59.5 MeV in the 48Cr compound nucleus as was obtained in an earlier particle-particle coincidence study of the 24Mg + 24Mg reaction. The overall mass and total kinetic energy distributions of the fission fragments are found to be well reproduced by statistical-model calculations. These calculations are also found to reproduce structure seen in the excitation-energy spectra for the 20Ne + 28Si and 24Mg + 24Mg exit channels for all three reactions. In previous excitation-function measurements, strong heavy-ion resonance behavior has been observed in elastic and inelastic cross sections for the 24Mg - 24Mg system. There has been speculation that peaks observed in the corresponding excitation-energy spectra at more negative Q values may also be a consequence of this resonance phenomenon. The observation of very similar behavior with the asymmetric-mass entrance channels makes it less likely, though, that the peaks arise from any special configuration of the compound system. Instead, an analysis of the γ-ray data and the results of statistical-model calculations support the conclusion that most of the observed high-lying structure can be accounted for in terms of statistical fission from a fully energy- and shape-equilibrated compound nucleus. For the 24Mg + 24Mg entrance channel, however, comparisons with the statistical model indicate a reduction of high-angular-momentum partial cross sections, leading to the 24Mg + 24Mg fission channel. For the first time, we are able to deduce the nature of the competition between the resonance and statistical-fission mechanisms in this mass region.
Exciton-photon correlations in bosonic condensates of exciton-polaritons
Creators: name: Kavokin, A. V.
name: Sheremet, A. S.
name: Shelykh, I. A.
name: Lagoudakis, P. G.
name: Rubo, Y. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exciton-polaritons are mixed light-matter quasiparticles. We have developed a statistical model describing stochastic exciton-photon transitions within a condensate of exciton polaritons. We show that the exciton-photon correlator depends on the "hidden variable" which characterizes the rate of exciton-photon transformations in the condensate. We discuss implications of this effect for the quantum statistics of photons emitted by polariton lasers.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
تاثیرگذاری مبانی فقهی بر تحول سیاست های حقوقی-تقنینی
Publisher: name: دانشگاه کردستان
Year: 2022

description: سیاست های تقنینی، جهت گیری و خط مشی قانون گذار را در وضع\nقوانین و مقررات مشخص مینماید. این سیاست ها که در چارچوب\nسیاست های کلی نظام تدوین میشوند، به جهت شرعی بودن نظام\nحقوقی جمهوری اسلامی ایران طبق اصل چهارم قانون اساسی،\nمیبایست بر مبانی فقهی استوار باشند.\nپویایی فقه شیعه و توجه آن با مقتضیات مختلف اجتماعی اعم از\nفرهنگی، سیاسی و اقتصادی، از نقاط قوت فقه شیعه بوده که آنرا از\nدیگر نظام های دینی متمایز و برجسته می سازد. نظر به اینکه نظام\nسیاسی هر جامعه ای زیر بنای نظام حقوقی آن جامعه تلقی میگردد؛\nبنابراین، توجه به الگوهای تحول در مبانی سیاسی و نظریات کلان،\nمی تواند امکان تغییر در راهبردهای حقوقی و قضایی را فراهم آورد.\nپژوهش حاضر با هدف تبیین زیرساخت های نظری در فقه شیعه به\nمنظور ایجاد تحولات راهبردی در رویکردهایی تقنینی مورد نگارش\nواقع شده است. با عنایت به نقش بنیادین گفتمان فقهی در شکل گیری\nسیاست های مختلف حقوقی-اجتماعی، تاکید بر پویایی فقه و استناد\nبه این امر در امور زیربنایی و مباحث کلان حکومتی، زمینه ساز\nبازنگری در بسیاری از سیاست گذاری ها و رویکردهای انعطاف ناپذیر\nدر عرصه قانون گذاری خواهد بود. این پژوهش به منظور امکان سنجی\nتحول راهبردی در سیاست های تقنینی، با رویکردی توصیفی- تحلیلی\nدرصدد پاسخگویی به این پرسش است که چه تحولاتی و با چه\nزمینه ها و رویکردهایی در زمینه مشروعیت حکمرانی در فقه شیعه\nصورت گرفته است؟ در این مقاله تحولات صورت گرفته در مفاهیم\nراهبردی نظام حقوقی و سیاسی بنا به جهات مختلف ازجمله\nویژگی های اجتماعی و سیاسی حاکم بر زمانه و جامعه، بررسی و\nنظریات علما و اندیشمندان مطرح و تحلیل میگردد. توجه به\nدگرگونی عمیق نظریات علما و اندیشمندان شیعی پیرامون دولت و\nحوزه سیاست پس از مشروطیت، میتواند مبنایی برای دگرگونی راهبردی در سیاست های تقنینی به خصوص قانون گذاری نوین در\nزمینه های چون بانکداری و مقابله با فساد اداری باشد
THE IMPACT OF AUTHENTIC LEADERSHIP ON SMART ORGANIZATION: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF STRATEGIC AMBIDEXTERITY IN JORDAN TELECOM GROUP (ORANGE)
Creators: name: Dr. YASER MOHAMMAD AL-SHYYAB
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Authentic Leadership, Smart Organization, Strategic Ambidexterity, Jordan Telecom Group (orange).

description: Abstract
The study aims at identifying the concept of Authentic Leadership "AL" and its impact on the Smart Organization "SO" in Jordan Telecom Group (Orange) "JTG" and to examine the Mediating role of Strategic Ambidexterity "SAM". The study population comprises all the members of the supervisory and directive management in JTG, which includes (737) members. The sample representing the population of (737) members is (250) members and in order to ensure population representation, (300) questionnaires were distributed by e-mail. Number of (292) questionnaires were retrieved. The Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) was used. The results of the study showed that there is a significant impact of Authentic Leadership with its dimensions on Smart Organization with its combined dimensions at level (P ≤ 0.05) at JTG in Jordan; and the results showed also that there is a significant impact of Authentic Leadership with its dimensions on Smart Organization, through Strategic Ambidexterity at level (P ≤ 0.05) at Jordan Telecom Group (Orange) in Jordan. Finally, and based on the results of the study, the researcher provides the following recommendations: JTG is recommended to provide professionals and specialists who conduct the needed proper assessment and analysis of the uncertainties' effects on the company's business; JTG is recommended to work intensively on the plans related to scheduling the tasks of its employees via implementing new flexible rotation plans among the employees.
High-K isomers in 176W and mechanisms of K violation
Creators: name: Lauritsen, T.
name: Bearden, I.G.
name: Henry, R.G.
name: Janssens, R.V.F.
name: Carpenter, M.P.
name: Freeman, S.J.
name: Lister, C.J.
name: Soramel, F.
name: Blumenthal, D.J.
name: Crowell, B.
name: Chowdhury, P.
name: Liang, Y.
name: Khoo, T.L.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 1996

description: An isomer, with t1/2=35±10 ns and J,Kπ=14,14+, has been observed in the nucleus 176W using the reaction 150Nd(30Si,4n) at a beam energy of 133 MeV. The isomer exhibits an unusual pattern of decay in which the majority of the flux proceeds directly to states with 〈K〉=0, bypassing available levels of intermediate K. This severe breakdown of normal K-selection rules in 176W is compared with recent observations of K violation in neighboring nuclei, within the framework of proposed theoretical approaches. The available data on these K-violating decays seem to have a consistent explanation in models of K mixing which include large-amplitude fluctuations of the nuclear shape.
Follow the Leader: Herding Behavior in Heterogeneous Populations
Creators: name: Mosquera-Donate, Guillem
name: Boguna, Marian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we study the emergence of spontaneous leadership in large populations. In standard models of opinion dynamics, herding behavior is only obeyed at the local scale due to the interaction of single agents with their neighbors; while at the global scale, such models are governed by purely diffusive processes. Surprisingly, in this paper we show that the combination of a strong separation of time scales within the population and a hierarchical organization of the influences of some agents on the others induces a phase transition between a purely diffusive phase, as in the standard case, and a herding phase where a fraction of the agents self-organize and lead the global opinion of the whole population.
Additional file 1 of Evaluation of preoperative difficult airway prediction methods for adult patients without obvious airway abnormalities: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Wang, Zhichen
name: Jin, Yile
name: Zheng, Yueying
name: Chen, Hanjian
name: Feng, Jingyi
name: Sun, Jing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Supplementary  Materials 1. Supplementary  Materials 2.
Which special functions of bounded deformation have bounded variation?
Creators: name: Conti, Sergio
name: Focardi, Matteo
name: Iurlano, Flaviana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Functions of bounded deformation ($BD$) arise naturally in the study of fracture and damage in a geometrically linear context. They are related to functions of bounded variation ($BV$), but are less well understood. We discuss here the relation to $BV$ under additional regularity assumptions, which may require the regular part of the strain to have higher integrability or the jump set to have finite area or the Cantor part to vanish. On the positive side, we prove that $BD$ functions which are piecewise affine on a Caccioppoli partition are in $GSBV$, and we prove that $SBD^p$ functions are approximately continuous ${\mathcal{H}}^{n-1}$-a.e. away from the jump set. On the negative side, we construct a function which is $BD$ but not in $BV$ and has distributional strain consisting only of a jump part, and one which has a distributional strain consisting of only a Cantor part.
واکاوی مبانی مشروعیت نماز میت غیابی در فقه مذاهب اسلامی
Publisher: name: دانشگاه کردستان
Year: 2022

description: مذاهب اسلامی درباره حکم نماز میت غایب اختلاف نظر دارند که\nبرآمده از عوامل مختلفی، همچون تفسیر روایات ناظر به نماز پیامبر\nگرامی اسلام بر جسد نجاشی است. در پژوهش حاضر که به استناد\nمنابع کتابخانه ای و با روش توصیفی ـ تحلیلی انجام شده بر آن هستیم\nتا مبانی فقهی نماز میت غیابی در فقه اسلامی واکاوی کنیم. یافته های\nاین پژوهش نشان میدهد که مذاهب فقهی با وجود اختلاف در\nمصادیق میت غایب، بر جواز نماز میت غایب و اعتبار روایات ناظر به\nنماز پیامبر بر جسد نجاشی تأکید دارند. گروهی از فقها این نوع نماز\nرا تنها درباره مردگانی جایز دانسته اند که ویژگی برجسته ای دارند؛ اما\nبرخی نیز دامنه میت غایب را گسترده تر دانسته، مفقودان، غرق شدگان\nراهم دربرمی گیرد. همچنین درباره نماز میت غایب در شهرهای بزرگ\nبلاد کبیر)نیز دیدگاه های گوناگونی وجود دارد. آنگونه که فقهای)\nامامیه و برخی از مذاهب اهل سنت، تصریح کرده اند، نماز بر میت\nغایب جایز نیست؛ زیرا واژه »صلاة« در مورد عمل پیامبر نسبت نجاشی\nقابل تفسیر است. ضمن اینکه احتمال حاضر شدن جسد نجاشی نزد\nپیامبر و اقامه نماز بر وی وجود دارد
Spectroscopic Observations of a Coronal Loop: Basic Physical Plasma Parameters Along the Full Loop Length
Creators: name: Gupta, G. R.
name: Tripathi, Durgesh
name: Mason, Helen E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coronal loops are the basic structures of the solar transition region and corona. The understanding of physical mechanism behind the loop heating, plasma flows, and filling are still considered a major challenge in the solar physics. The mechanism(s) should be able to supply mass to the corona from the chromosphere and able to heat the plasma over 1 MK within the small distance of few hundred km from the chromosphere to the corona. This problem makes coronal loops an interesting target for detailed study. In this study, we focus on spectroscopic observations of a coronal loop, observed in its full length, in various spectral lines as recorded by the Extreme-ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer (EIS) on-board Hinode. We derive physical plasma parameters such as electron density, temperature, pressure, column depth, and filling factors along the loop length from one foot-point to the another. The obtained parameters are used to infer whether the observed coronal loop is over-dense or under-dense with respect to gravitational stratification of the solar atmosphere. These new measurements of physical plasma parameters, from one foot-point to another, provide important constraints on the modeling of the mass and energy balance in the coronal loops.
description: accepted for publication in ApJ
Stochastic inversion of three-dimensional discrete fracture network structure with hydraulic tomography
Creators: name: Ringel, Lisa Maria
name: Jalali, Mohammadreza
name: Bayer, Peter
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 551

description: We introduce an approach for the stochastic characterization of the geometric and hydraulic parameters of a three-dimensional (3D) discrete fracture network (DFN) and for estimating their uncertainty based on data from hydraulic tomography experiments. The inversion approach relies on a Bayesian framework and the resulting posterior distribution is characterized by generating samples by Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods. The inversion method is evaluated for four synthetic test cases related to the Grimsel test site in Switzerland. Comparison of original and reconstructed DFN models shows that the presented approach is suitable for identifying variable fracture locations and orientations. This is especially the case for those fractures that represent the preferential flow paths in the simulated experiments. It is also revealed that the Bayesian framework is useful to discriminate fractures based on the reliability of the inversion, which is illustrated by fracture probability maps taken as sections through the studied rock mass. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the hydraulic apertures can be calibrated together with the fracture geometries. A premise for applicability in practice, however, is that the hydraulic measurements are complemented by additional information to sufficiently constrain the value ranges of the geometric and hydraulic parameters to be inverted together. The presented work expands the applicability of a previously presented promising two-dimensional procedure based on transdimensional inversion to field-based 3D problems. The theoretical findings here open the door for highly flexible structural characterization in practice based on hydraulic tomography, as well as alternative or complementary tomographic methods.
نقش «تعمد» در ایجاد اضطرار و پیامدهای فقهی و حقوقی آن
Publisher: name: دانشگاه کردستان
Year: 2022

description: در فقه و حقوق کیفری، اضطرار را از جمله علل موجه ی جرم به شمار\nآورده اند که بر مبنای آن، فرد مضطر در برابر اقدامات خود مسئولیت\nکیفری نخواهد داشت. در عین حال در مواردی که بتوان عنصر\nتعمد« را در پیدایش حالت اضطرار دخیل دانست، سلب مسئولیت»\nکیفری رخ نخواهد داد. تعیین گستره ی معنایی »تعمد« از موارد\nاختلافی میان صاحب نظران کیفری است؛ در قرآن کریم، این مسئله\nدر آیات پنج گانه ی اضطرار مورد اشاره قرار گرفته و مفسران و فقها\nکوشیده اند اجمال معنایی واژگان این آیات را با توجه به قواعد مربوطه\nبرطرف کنند؛ مباحث فقهی در این زمینه نیز به شدت متأثر از آیات\nیاد شده بوده و به نوعی تفسیری فقهی از آیات اضطرار هستند. در این\nنوشتار، با استفاده از روش توصیفی- تحلیلی، ضمن تبیین مبانی آرای\nفقها و مفسران، راه حلی برای رفع ابهام یاد شده ارائه شده است. بدین\nبیان که قیود آیات اضطرار دارای هم پوشانی معنایی بوده و می بایست\nقدر مشترک و متیقن از همه ی آنها به عنوان یک مقیِد کلی برای\nحکم رافعیت اضطرار در نظر گرفته شود. لذا تنها ایجاد اضطرار به قصد\nارتکاب فعل حرام یا با علم به ناگزیری از ارتکاب آن را میتوان تعمد\nدر ایجاد اضطرار دانست که در این حالات، مسئولیت کیفری همچنان\nباقی خواهد ماند