cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Thermal Spin-Orbit Torque in Spintronics
Creators: name: Wang, Zheng-Chuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the spinor Boltzmann equation (SBE) formalism, we derived a temperature dependent thermal spin-orbit torque based on local equilibrium assumption in a system with Rashba spin-orbit interaction. If we expand the distribution function of spinor Boltzmann equation around local equilibrium distribution, we can obtain the spin diffusion equation from SBE, then the spin transfer torque, spin orbit torque as well as thermal spin-orbit torque we seek to can be read out from this equation. It exhibits that this thermal spin-orbit torque originates from the temperature gradient of local equilibrium distribution function, which is explicit and straightforward than previous works. Finally, we illustrate them by an example of spin-polarized transport through a ferromagnet with Rashba spin-orbit coupling, in which those torques driven whatever by temperature gradient or bias are manifested quantitatively.
description: 15pages,6figures
SIZE EFFECT IN THE LUMINESCENCE OF CRYSTALLOPHOSPHORUS
Creators: name: Yurov, V.
name: Salkeeva, A.
name: Kusenova, A.
Publisher: name: Deutsche Internationale Zeitschrift für zeitgenössische Wissenschaft
Year: 2021
Subjects: nanostructure
multilevel model
size effects
luminescence
small particle
surface

description: Size effects are inherent in all nanostructures and continue to attract the attention of not only physicists, but also biologists, physicians, and other specialties. In addition to fundamental problems, optical phenomena (including luminescence) in nanostructures are of great practical interest. In the present work, an empirical multilevel model of the surface layer of solids is proposed, which explains all the observed size effects in nanostructures, including luminescence. To obtain the equations, we used the method of nonequilibrium statistical thermodynamics. The surface layer of a solid body consists of three layers a de Broglie layer d0 ~ ((0.01-0.1) nm for metals) and layers d(I) and d(II). Size effects in a layer d(I) are determined by the entire collective of atoms in the system (collective processes). Such “semiclassical” size effects are observed only in nanoparticles and nanostructures. The layer d(II) should have many dimensional effects associated with a certain critical characteristic parameter: the mean free path of carriers in transport phenomena, the dimensions of domains/domain walls, the diameter of the Frank-Read loop for gliding dislocations, etc. When h=d in the surface layer, a phase transition occurs. It is shown that the thickness of the surface layer d(I) is determined by one fundamental parameter the molecular (atomic) volume of a solid, which is different for metals, amorphous solids, glasses, and polymers. The proposed multilevel model of nanostructured states in solids, which explains all the observed size effects in nanostructures, including luminescence.
Eliciting Moral Preferences: Theory and Experiment
Creators: name: Benabou, Roland
name: Falk, Armin
name: Henkel, Luca
name: Tirole, Jean
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: moral behavior
deontology
utilitarianism
consequentialism
social image
self- image
norms
preference elicitation
multiple price list
experiments

description: We examine to what extent a person's moral preferences can be inferred from observing their choices, for instance via experiments, and in particular, how one should interpret certain behaviors that appear deontologically motivated. Comparing the performance of the direct elicitation (DE) and multiple-price list (MPL) mechanisms, we characterize in each case how (social or self) image motives inflate the extent to which agents behave prosocially. More surprisingly, this signaling bias is shown to depend on the elicitation method, both per se and interacted with the level of visibility: it is greater under DE for low reputation concerns, and greater under MPL when they become high enough. We then test the model's predictions in an experiment in which nearly 700 subjects choose between money for themselves and implementing a 350e donation that will, in expectation, save one human life. Interacting the elicitation method with the decision's level of visibility and salience, we find the key crossing effect predicted by the model. We also show theoretically that certain "Kantian" postures, turning down all prices in the offered range, easily emerge under MPL when reputation becomes important enough.
Learning in the Household
Creators: name: Conlon, John J.
name: Mani, Malavika
name: Rao, Gautam
name: Ridley, Matthew
name: Schilbach, Frank
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: information
gender
communication
social learning
experiment

description: We study social learning between spouses using an experiment in Chennai, India. We vary whether individuals discover information themselves or must instead learn what their spouse discovered via a discussion. Women treat their ‘own’ and their husband’s information the same. In sharp contrast, men’s beliefs respond less than half as much to information that was discovered by their wife. This is not due to a lack of communication: husbands put less weight on their wife’s signals even when perfectly informed of them. In a second experiment, when paired with mixed- and same-gender strangers, both men and women heavily discount their teammate’s information relative to their own. We conclude that people have a tendency to underweight others’ information relative to their own. The marital context creates a countervailing force for women, resulting in a gender difference in learning (only) in the household.
Uncertainty, Risk, and Capital Growth
Creators: name: Segal, Gill
name: Shaliastovich, Ivan
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: uncertainty
utilization
depreciation
RBC
recession
equity premium
risk

description: Times of elevated aggregate uncertainty are associated with lower investment, but surprisingly, future capital growth does not drop and even increases in the data. To reconcile this novel evidence, we show that high uncertainty predicts lower utilization and depreciation of existing capital, which dominates the reduction in new investment. We construct and estimate a general-equilibrium model to explain the relation between uncertainty and capital accumulation. In the model, precautionary saving is achieved by lowering utilization, instead of increasing investment. Lower utilization persistently decreases depreciation, conserving capital for the future, and simultaneously, discourages new investment. This channel amplifies stock price exposure to uncertainty risks, especially for firms with more flexible utilization, which we confirm in the data. We further show the importance of our mechanism to generate a negative impact of uncertainty shocks in an extended New-Keynesian framework.
title: The effects of Staphylococcus aureus phenol-soluble modulin α3 on human platelets
Creators: name: Alnomasy, Sultan Fahad S.
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2024

description: Staphylococcus aureus is a major opportunistic pathogenic bacterium which is known to interact with human platelets and modulate their function. Community-Acquired Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) strains are serious human pathogens because of their ability to resist and evade the host immune defences and are commonly resistant to clinically important antibiotics. In the last decade, CA-MRSA infection has become a major worldwide problem and causes a significant increase in the rate of human morbidity and mortality. CA-MRSA can cause acute infections such as sepsis, meningitis and endocarditis due to the production of a class of toxins called phenol-soluble modulins (PSMs) which are considered as important virulence factors. PSM toxins play important roles in the pathogenesis of S. aureus through interaction with immune cells of the host and modulation of their functions. The aims of this study were to determine the effect of S. aureus phenol-soluble modulin α3 (PSMα3) toxin on human platelet activity, what effect S. aureus PSMα3 has on platelet functions and to identify the mechanism of interaction between S. aureus PSMα3 and human platelets. Functional studies showed S. aureus PSMα3 toxin to be an inhibitor of platelet activation. This inhibitory effect of S. aureus PSMα3 was observed with inhibition of platelet aggregation mediated by physiological agonists and S. aureus cells. The toxin caused a reduction in the activation of integrin αIIbβ3 and inhibited spreading and thrombus formation. VPAC1 was identified as the major platelet surface receptor interacting with S. aureus PSMα3. Pre-incubation of platelets with PSMα3 resulted in increased levels of cAMP and consequent activation of protein kinase A (PKA).
Inefficient Automation
Creators: name: Beraja, Martin
name: Zorzi, Nathan
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: economics

description: Should the government intervene in the automation process? We study this question in a heterogeneous agent model where displaced workers reallocate slowly and face borrowing constraints. We first show that automation is inefficient. Firms are effectively too patient when they automate, and (partly) overlook the time it takes for labor to reallocate and for the benefits of automation to materialize. We then analyze a second best problem where the government indirectly controls automation and reallocation, but is unable to directly redistribute income between workers. The equilibrium is (constrained) inefficient—automation and reallocation impose pecuniary externalities on workers. The government should curb automation on efficiency grounds, even when it does not value equity. Finally, we use a quantitative version of our model to assess the importance of these distorsions and evaluate the welfare gains from slowing down automation.
title: Sterblichkeitsmuster in Berufsgruppen (Anwendung Kreuztabellen)
Creators: name: Moeller, Katrin
Publisher: name: Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Digital humanities
subject: Gender
subject: Gender history
subject: Geschlechtergeschichte
subject: Geschlecht
subject: Geschichte
subject: Tagung
subject: Conference
subject: Epidemie
subject: Epidemic
subject: Mortality
subject: Sterblichkeit
subject: Datensätze
subject: Data
subject: Tutorial
subject: SPSS
subject: 940
subject: 943

description: Bei diesen Videos handelt es sich um den ungeschnittenen Vortrag der Konferenz „Digital Humanities and Gender History“.
description: These videos are the unedited presentation from the Digital Humanities and Gender History conference.
description: Digital humanities and gender historySäuglingssterblichkeit, Epidemie und demografische Geschlechtergeschichte, vol. 7
The non-Gaussianity of the cosmic shear likelihood - or: How odd is the Chandra Deep Field South?
Creators: name: Hartlap, J.
name: Schrabback, T.
name: Simon, P.
name: Schneider, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (abridged) We study the validity of the approximation of a Gaussian cosmic shear likelihood. We estimate the true likelihood for a fiducial cosmological model from a large set of ray-tracing simulations and investigate the impact of non-Gaussianity on cosmological parameter estimation. We investigate how odd the recently reported very low value of $σ_8$ really is as derived from the \textit{Chandra} Deep Field South (CDFS) using cosmic shear by taking the non-Gaussianity of the likelihood into account as well as the possibility of biases coming from the way the CDFS was selected. We find that the cosmic shear likelihood is significantly non-Gaussian. This leads to both a shift of the maximum of the posterior distribution and a significantly smaller credible region compared to the Gaussian case. We re-analyse the CDFS cosmic shear data using the non-Gaussian likelihood. Assuming that the CDFS is a random pointing, we find $σ_8=0.68_{-0.16}^{+0.09}$ for fixed $Ω_{\rm m}=0.25$. In a WMAP5-like cosmology, a value equal to or lower than this would be expected in $\approx 5%$ of the times. Taking biases into account arising from the way the CDFS was selected, which we model as being dependent on the number of haloes in the CDFS, we obtain $σ_8 = 0.71^{+0.10}_{-0.15}$. Combining the CDFS data with the parameter constraints from WMAP5 yields $Ω_{\rm m} = 0.26^{+0.03}_{-0.02}$ and $σ_8 = 0.79^{+0.04}_{-0.03}$ for a flat universe.
description: 18 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in A&A; New Bayesian treatment of field selection bias
Adaptive resource allocation at the cell border using cooperative technique
Creators: name: Marouni, Abbass
name: Nasser, Youssef
name: Hélard, Maryline
name: El-Mokdad, Haidar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The technique of cooperative communication has recently gained momentum in the research community; this technique utilizes the notion of relay, as an intermediate node between the source and the destination, to enhance the overall system performance. In this paper we ex-plored the benefits of adaptive cooperation, in which the relay adapts its relaying process in response to channel conditions and data priorities. We are particularly interested in applying this concept to the cell border situation, in which two mobile nodes acting as destinations com-municate with base stations (sources) through a relay. The adaptive cooperation is proposed here since the transmission channel conditions (Packet Error Rate for example) and data priori-ties are not the same for both mobiles. We show that using the adaptive resource allocation technique in combination with the cross layer design techniques, we can achieve Real-Time data constraints with no additional overhead.
title: Dichotome Variablen erzeugen und nach Jahren aggregieren (Vorbereitung zur Berechnung der Säuglingssterblichkeit)
Creators: name: Moeller, Katrin
Publisher: name: Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Digital humanities
subject: Gender
subject: Gender history
subject: Geschlechtergeschichte
subject: Geschlecht
subject: Geschichte
subject: Tagung
subject: Konferenz
subject: Epidemie
subject: Epidemic
subject: Mortality
subject: Sterblichkeit
subject: Datensätze
subject: Data
subject: Tutorial
subject: SPSS
subject: 940
subject: 943

description: Bei diesen Videos handelt es sich um den ungeschnittenen Vortrag der Konferenz „Digital Humanities and Gender History“.
description: These videos are the unedited presentation from the Digital Humanities and Gender History conference.
description: Digital humanities and gender historySäuglingssterblichkeit, Epidemie und demografische Geschlechtergeschichte, vol. 8
Near-IR Integral Field Spectroscopy study of the Star Formation and AGN of the LIRG NGC 5135
Creators: name: Bedregal, A. G.
name: Colina, L.
name: Alonso-Herrero, A.
name: Arribas, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the central 2.3 kpc of NGC 5135, a nearby Luminous Infrared Galaxy (LIRG) with an AGN and circumnuclear starburst. Our main results are based on intermediate spectral resolution (~ 3000-4000) near infrared data taken with the SINFONI integral field spectrograph at the ESO VLT. The ionization of the different phases of the interstellar gas and the complex structures of the star formation have been mapped. Individual regions of interest have been identified and studied in detail. For the first time in this galaxy, we have detected the presence of a high excitation ionization cone centered on the AGN by using the [SiVI] (1.96 micron) line. So far, this structure is the largest reported in the literature for this coronal line, extending (in projection) as far as ~ 600 pc from the galaxy nucleus. In a complex spatial distribution, a variety of mechanisms are driving the gas ionization, including SNe remnant shocks, young stars and AGN photoionization. The excitation of the molecular gas, however, is mainly produced by X-rays and SNe remnant shocks. UV-mechanisms like fluorescence represent a marginal overall contribution to this process, contrary to the expectations we might have for a galaxy with a recent and strong star formation. Our SNe rate estimations from [FeII] (1.64 micron) are in excellent agreement with 6 cm radio emission predictions. Typical SNe rates between 0.01-0.04 yr^-1 were found for individual ~ 200 pc-scale regions, with an overall SNe rate of 0.4-0.5 yr^-1. Even though NGC 5135 has suffered a recent starburst (6-7 Myr ago), the data strongly suggest the presence of a second, older stellar population dominated by red giant/supergiant stars.
description: Minor changes to previous version, including Fig. 1-4 captions, Fig. 4 units (upper panels) and reference list corrections
A land use allocation model for a lower Fraser Valley municipality
Creators: name: Schroeter, Daniel Eric
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This thesis examines the use of mathematical models in astracting real world land use systems. The purpose of the study was to determine what types of decision models are available, whether they can be adapted to land use allocation problems, and which is most suitable for use in land use planning. Since planning was felt to be a means to satisfying or maximizing public welfare, the criterion used for model selection was the degree to which the model could aid in seeking land use policies which would be optimal in the sense of maximizing some measure of social welfare. Using this criterion, a form of linear programming which allows for several concurrent goals in the objective function was felt to be the best model structure available to land use planners today. This model structure was then used to construct a land use model for the City and District of Langley in the Lower Fraser Valley of British Columbia. The purpose of constructing the model was to illustrate the potential usefulness of this type of model for decision making in the land use field. This was done by showing how the various aspects of the real world land use system could be incorporated into the model and how the model could then be used to find land use patterns which would maximize a measure of social welfare. After a discussion of model results, possible further refinements and study were suggested and discussed. It was felt that the model structure chosen was well suited to the land use planning field and offered much promise as a potential planning tool.
The Determinants of Racial Disparities in Housing Returns
Creators: name: Kermani, Amir
name: Wong, Francis
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: economics

description: We identify the existence of a racial gap in housing returns that is an order of magnitude larger than disparities arising from housing costs alone. The returns gap is driven almost entirely by differences in distressed home sales (i.e. foreclosures and short sales). Black and Hispanic homeowners are both more likely to experience a distressed sale and to live in neighborhoods where distressed sales carry larger foreclosure discounts. Higher rates of distressed sales among minorities are driven by pre-existing differences in economic stability and neighborhood sorting. Black and Hispanic homeowners are more likely to default in response to increases in monthly payments, consistent with racial differences in liquid wealth holdings playing a key role in creating the observed disparities. We use quasi-experimental variation in the receipt of mortgage modifications to show that policies that encourage lenders to modify loans when homeowners can no longer afford their mortgages can mitigate gaps in housing returns, particularly if they are targeted towards minority homeowners or neighborhoods.
title: Vorgespräch mit Gottfried Suchy, 1992
Creators: name: Forschungsbibliothek Gotha
Publisher: name: Universität Erfurt
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Atlas für Jedermann
subject: Atlas Weltverkehr
subject: Geographiedidaktik
subject: Gottfried Suchy (Biographisches)
subject: Haack Weltaltas
subject: Verlagsjubiläum 1985
subject: Justus Perthes Verlag Gotha
subject: Kartographiegeschichte
subject: Manfred Weiss
subject: politische Kartographie
subject: Rudolf Habel
subject: Schulgeographie
subject: VEB Hermann Haack
subject: Verlagswesen
subject: Projekt Kartenmacher aus Gotha
subject: 900

description: Projekt „Die Kartenmacher aus Gotha“: Audiovisuelles Rohmaterial 1959-2015
Maximally Entangled States via Mutual Unbiased collective Bases
Creators: name: Revzen, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relative and center of mass cordinates are used to generalize mutually unbiased bases (MUB) and define mutually unbiased bases (MUCB). Maximal entangled states are given as product staes in the collective varibles
description: 8 pages
Solving the Multiobjective Quasi-Clique Problem
Creators: name: Santos, Daniela Scherer dos
name: Klamroth, Kathrin
name: Martins, Pedro
name: Paquete, Luís
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Given a simple undirected graph $G$, a quasi-clique is a subgraph of $G$ whose density is at least $γ$ $(0 < γ\leq 1)$. Finding a maximum quasi-clique has been addressed from two different perspectives: $i)$ maximizing vertex cardinality for a given edge density; and $ii)$ maximizing edge density for a given vertex cardinality. However, when no a priori preference information about cardinality and density is available, a more natural approach is to consider the problem from a multiobjective perspective. We introduce the Multiobjective Quasi-clique Problem (MOQC), which aims to find a quasi-clique by simultaneously maximizing both vertex cardinality and edge density. To efficiently address this problem, we explore the relationship among MOQC, its single-objective counterpart problems, and a biobjective optimization problem, along with several properties of the MOQC problem and quasi-cliques. We propose a baseline approach using $\varepsilon$-constraint scalarization and introduce a Two-phase strategy, which applies a dichotomic search based on weighted sum scalarization in the first phase and an $\varepsilon$-constraint methodology in the second phase. Additionally, we present a Three-phase strategy that combines the dichotomic search used in Two-phase with a vertex-degree-based local search employing novel sufficient conditions to assess quasi-clique efficiency, followed by an $\varepsilon$-constraint in a final stage. Experimental results on real-world sparse graphs indicate that the integrated use of dichotomic search and local search, together with mechanisms to assess quasi-clique efficiency, makes the Three-phase strategy an effective approach for solving the MOQC problem in terms of running time and ability to produce new efficient quasi-cliques.
Risky Business Cycles
Creators: name: Basu, Susanto
name: Candian, Giacomo
name: Chahrour, Ryan
name: Valchev, Rosen
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: risk premia
uncertainty
business cycles

description: We identify a shock that explains the bulk of fluctuations in equity risk premia, and show that the shock also explains a large fraction of the business-cycle comovements of output, consumption, employment, and investment. Recessions induced by the shock are associated with reallocation away from full-time permanent positions, towards part-time and flexible contract workers. A flexible-price model with labor market frictions and fluctuations in risk appetite can explain all of these facts, both qualitatively and quantitatively. The size of risk-driven fluctuations depends on the relationship between the riskiness and productivity of different stores of value: if safe savings vehicles have relatively low marginal products, then a flight to safety will drive a larger aggregate contraction.
title: Verschneiden von Variablen verschiedener Datensätze und Berechnung der Säuglingssterblichkeit
Creators: name: Moeller, Katrin
Publisher: name: Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Digital humanities
subject: Gender
subject: Gender history
subject: Geschlechtergeschichte
subject: Geschlecht
subject: Geschichte
subject: Tagung
subject: Konferenz
subject: Epidemie
subject: Epidemic
subject: Mortality
subject: Sterblichkeit
subject: Datensätze
subject: Data
subject: Tutorial
subject: SPSS
subject: 940
subject: 943

description: Bei diesen Videos handelt es sich um den ungeschnittenen Vortrag der Konferenz „Digital Humanities and Gender History“.
description: These videos are the unedited presentation from the Digital Humanities and Gender History conference.
description: Digital humanities and gender historySäuglingssterblichkeit, Epidemie und demografische Geschlechtergeschichte, vol. 9
title: Visualisierung von Daten und Trendermittlung durch Zeitreihenanalysen
Creators: name: Moeller, Katrin
Publisher: name: Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Digital humanities
subject: Gender
subject: Gender history
subject: Geschlechtergeschichte
subject: Geschlecht
subject: Geschichte
subject: Tagung
subject: Conference
subject: Epidemie
subject: Epidemic
subject: Mortality
subject: Sterblichkeit
subject: Datensätze
subject: Data
subject: Tutorial
subject: SPSS
subject: 940
subject: 943

description: Bei diesen Videos handelt es sich um den ungeschnittenen Vortrag der Konferenz „Digital Humanities and Gender History“.
description: These videos are the unedited presentation from the Digital Humanities and Gender History conference.
description: Digital humanities and gender historySäuglingssterblichkeit, Epidemie und demografische Geschlechtergeschichte, vol. 10
Costs of Handling Eggs and Labor Output of Selected Cooperatives -- Part III -- Western States
Creators: name: Ratcliffe, Harry E.
name: Ratcliffe, Harry E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1960
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Production Economics

description: Excerpts from the report: This is a regional report of data obtained during 1958 from the six cooperatives in the Western area. It covers (1) total costs, (2) direct costs of handling eggs by specific operations, (3) total indirect costs, (4) labor output a man-hour, and (5) costs by type of pack. It is primarily a comparative statistical summary consisting of 25 cost and labor output tables covering the phases mentioned above. There are presented direct costs and labor output by cooperatives and individual operations, indirect costs by cooperatives but not by individual operations, and costs by type of pack by cooperatives. Cooperatives included in the study were selected because they were: (1) doing an effective job of marketing eggs; (2) either candling or cartoning a large portion of eggs received; (3) handling relatively large volumes compared with other associations in their areas; or (4) using newer type equipment.
The efficient low-mass Seyfert MCG-05-23-016
Creators: name: Beckmann, V.
name: Courvoisier, T. J. -L.
name: Gehrels, N.
name: Lubinski, P.
name: Malzac, J.
name: Petrucci, P. -O.
name: Shrader, C. R.
name: Soldi, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Seyfert 1.9 galaxy MCG-05-23-016 has been shown to exhibit a complex X-ray spectrum. This source has moderate X-ray luminosity, hosts a comparably low-mass black hole, but accretes at a high Eddington rate, and allows us to study a super massive black hole in an early stage. Three observations of the INTEGRAL satellite simultaneous with pointed Swift/XRT observations performed from December 2006 to June 2007 are used in combination with public data from the INTEGRAL archive to study the variability of the hard X-ray components and to generate a high-quality spectrum from 1 to 150 keV. The AGN shows little variability in the hard X-ray spectrum, with some indication of a variation in the high-energy cut-off energy ranging from 50 keV to >>100 keV, with an electron plasma temperature in the 10 - 90 keV range. The reflection component is not evident and, if present, the reflected fraction can be constrained to R < 0.3 for the combined data set. Comparison to previous observations shows that the reflection component has to be variable. No variability in the UV and optical range is observed on a time scale of 1.5 years. The hard X-ray spectrum of MCG-05-23-016 appears to be stable with the luminosity and underlying power law varying moderately and the optical/UV flux staying constant. The spectral energy distribution appears to be similar to that of Galactic black hole systems, e.g. XTE 1118+480 in the low state. The AGN exhibits a remarkably high Eddington ratio of L(bol)/L(Edd)> 0.8 (or L(bol)/L(Edd) > 0.1, if we consider a higher mass of the central engine) and, at the same time, a low cut-off energy around 70 keV. Objects like MCG-05-23-016 might indicate the early stages of super massive black holes, in which a strong accretion flow feeds the central engine.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Gender Differences in the Cost of Corrections in Group Work
Creators: name: Takahashi, Yuki
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: correction
collaboration
group work
gender differences
quasi-laboratory experiment

description: Corrections among colleagues are an integral part of group work, but people may take corrections as personal criticism, especially corrections by women. I study whether people dislike collaborating with someone who corrects them and more so when that person is a woman. Using a novel quasi-laboratory experiment, I find that people, including those with high productivity, are less willing to collaborate with a person who has corrected them even if the correction improves group performance. Yet, I do not find robust evidence that people respond more negatively to women’s corrections, and this is not driven by their beliefs about the difference in women’s and men’s abilities. These findings suggest that although women may not receive a stronger negative reaction, there is a behavioral bias that distorts the optimal selection of talents and penalizes those who correct others’ mistakes.
Faithfulness of Real-Space Renormalization Group Maps
Creators: name: Akamatsu, Katsuya O.
name: Kawashima, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The behavior of $b=2$ real-space renormalization group (RSRG) maps like the majority rule and the decimation map was examined by numerically applying RSRG steps to critical $q=2,3,4$ Potts spin configurations. While the majority rule is generally believed to work well, a more thorough investigation of the action of the map has yet to be considered in the literature. When fixing the size of the renormalized lattice $L_g$ and allowing the source configuration size $L_0$ to vary, we observed that the RG flow of the spin and energy correlation under the majority rule map appear to converge to a nontrivial model-dependent curve. We denote this property as "faithfulness", because it implies that some information remains preserved by RSRG maps that fall under this class. Furthermore, we show that $b=2$ weighted majority-like RSRG maps acting on the $q=2$ Potts model can be divided into two categories, maps that behave like decimation and maps that behave like the majority rule.
description: 23 pages, 14 figures
Decision Problems for Nash Equilibria in Stochastic Games
Creators: name: Ummels, Michael
name: Wojtczak, Dominik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We analyse the computational complexity of finding Nash equilibria in stochastic multiplayer games with $ω$-regular objectives. While the existence of an equilibrium whose payoff falls into a certain interval may be undecidable, we single out several decidable restrictions of the problem. First, restricting the search space to stationary, or pure stationary, equilibria results in problems that are typically contained in PSPACE and NP, respectively. Second, we show that the existence of an equilibrium with a binary payoff (i.e. an equilibrium where each player either wins or loses with probability 1) is decidable. We also establish that the existence of a Nash equilibrium with a certain binary payoff entails the existence of an equilibrium with the same payoff in pure, finite-state strategies.
description: 22 pages, revised version
Partisan Residential Sorting on Climate Change Risk
Creators: name: Bernstein, Asaf
name: Billings, Stephen B.
name: Gustafson, Matthew T.
name: Lewis, Ryan
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: residential sorting
climate change
sea level rise
real estate
politics

description: Is climate change partisanship reflected in residential decisions? Comparing individual properties in the same zip code with similar elevation and proximity to the coast, houses exposed to sea level rise (SLR) are increasingly more likely to be owned by Republicans and less likely to be owned by Democrats. We find a partisan residency gap for even moderately SLR exposed properties of more than 5 percentage points, which has more than doubled over the past six years. Findings are unchanged controlling flexibly for other individual demographics and a variety of granular property characteristics, including the value of the home. Residential sorting manifests among owners regardless of occupancy, but not among renters, and is driven by long-run SLR exposure but not current flood risk. Anticipatory sorting on climate change suggests that households that are most likely to vote against climate friendly policies and least likely to adapt may ultimately bear the burden of climate change.
Direct imaging with highly diluted apertures. II. Properties of the point spread function of a hypertelescope
Creators: name: Patru, F.
name: Tarmoul, N.
name: Mourard, D.
name: Lardiere, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the future, optical stellar interferometers will provide true images thanks to larger number of telescopes and to advanced cophasing subsystems. These conditions are required to have sufficient resolution elements (resel) in the image and to provide direct images in the hypertelescope mode. It has already been shown that hypertelescopes provide snapshot images with a significant gain in sensitivity without inducing any loss of the useful field of view for direct imaging applications. This paper aims at studying the properties of the point spread functions of future large arrays using the hypertelescope mode. Numerical simulations have been performed and criteria have been defined to study the image properties. It is shown that the choice of the configuration of the array is a trade-off between the resolution, the halo level and the field of view. A regular pattern of the array of telescopes optimizes the image quality (low halo level and maximum encircled energy in the central peak), but decreases the useful field of view. Moreover, a non-redundant array is less sensitive to the space aliasing effect than a redundant array.
description: 10 pages paper with referee in A&A
title: 2. Teil (11.02.1992): Vorgespräch mit Gottfried Suchy
Creators: name: Forschungsbibliothek Gotha
Publisher: name: Universität Erfurt
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Gottfried Suchy
subject: Verlagsjubiläum 1985
subject: Justus Perthes Verlag Gotha
subject: Kartographiegeschichte
subject: VEB Hermann Haack
subject: Verlagswesen
subject: Projekt Kartenmacher aus Gotha
subject: 900

description: Projekt „Die Kartenmacher aus Gotha“: Audiovisuelles Rohmaterial 1959-2015
description: Vorgespräch mit Gottfried Suchy, 1992
EL DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE: UNA PUERTA ABIERTA EN COLOMBIA
Creators: name: Vianchá, Karen Juliana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Desarrollo sostenible
Ambiental
Economía
Paz
Colombia

description: En este ensayo se expone la importancia del desarrollo sostenible para el mundo, pero especialmente para Colombia, país que atraviesa diferentes crisis ambientales, sociales y económicas, así mismo se mencionan algunas soluciones que pueden contribuir para alcanzar el desarrollo sostenible y conseguir el equilibrio entre estos tres aspectos en conjunto.
Non-Random Exposure to Exogenous Shocks: Theory and Application
Creators: name: Borusyak, Kirill
name: Hull, Peter
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: economics

description: We develop new tools for estimating the causal effects of treatments or instruments that combine multiple sources of variation according to a known formula. Examples include treatments capturing spillovers in social and transportation networks, simulated instruments for policy eligibility, and shift-share instruments. We show how exogenous shocks to some, but not all, determinants of such variables can be leveraged while avoiding omitted variables bias. Our solution involves specifying counterfactual shocks that may as well have been realized and adjusting for a summary measure of non-randomness in shock exposure: the average treatment (or instrument) across such counterfactuals. We further show how to use shock counterfactuals for valid finite-sample inference, and characterize the valid instruments that are asymptotically efficient. We apply this framework to address bias when estimating employment effects of market access growth from Chinese high-speed rail construction, and to boost power when estimating coverage effects of expanded Medicaid eligibility.
Intrinsic fluctuations in stochastic delay systems: theoretical description and application to a simple model of gene regulation
Creators: name: Galla, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of intrinsic noise on stochastic delay systems is studied within an expansion in the inverse system size. We show that the stochastic nature of the underlying dynamics may induce oscillatory behaviour in parameter ranges where the deterministic system does not sustain cycles, and compute the power spectra of these stochastic oscillations analytically, in good agreement with simulations. The theory is developed in the context of a simple one-dimensional toy model, but is applicable more generally. Gene regulatory systems in particular often contain only a small number of molecules, leading to significant fluctuations in mRNA and protein concentrations. As an application we therefore study a minimalistic model of the expression levels of hes1 mRNA and Hes1 protein, representing the simple motif of an auto-inhibitory feedback loop and motivated by its relevance to somite segmentation.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Capital Commitment
Creators: name: Gourier, Elise
name: Phalippou, Ludovic
name: Westerfield, Mark M.
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: capital commitment
private equity
liquidity cost

description: Ten trillion dollars are allocated to illiquid vehicles for which investors commit ex-ante to transferring capital on demand – most of which are Private Equity (PE) funds. We design a dynamic portfolio allocation model in which investors commit capital to PE. The effects of commitment risk on investors’ portfolios and welfare are large. Investors are under-allocated to PE, and willing to pay a premium to update their PE allocation when capital is called, which is more than twice the one to eliminate standard liquidity frictions induced by the limited tradability of PE. In contrast, investors are not willing to pay to remove the uncertainty over the timing of capital call.
title: Dokumentation und Publikation von Forschungsdaten
Creators: name: Moeller, Katrin
Publisher: name: Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Digital humanities
subject: Gender
subject: Gender history
subject: Geschlechtergeschichte
subject: Geschlecht
subject: Geschichte
subject: Tagung
subject: Conference
subject: Epidemie
subject: Epidemic
subject: Mortality
subject: Sterblichkeit
subject: Datensätze
subject: Data
subject: Tutorial
subject: SPSS
subject: 940
subject: 943

description: Bei diesen Videos handelt es sich um den ungeschnittenen Vortrag der Konferenz „Digital Humanities and Gender History“.
description: These videos are the unedited presentation from the Digital Humanities and Gender History conference.
description: Digital humanities and gender historySäuglingssterblichkeit, Epidemie und demografische Geschlechtergeschichte, vol. 11
Trade Credit and the Transmission of Unconventional Monetary Policy
Creators: name: Adelino, Manuel
name: Ferreira, Miguel A.
name: Giannetti, Mariassunta
name: Pires, Pedro
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: monetary policy
trade credit
corporate bonds
investment
employment

description: We show that production networks are important for the transmission of unconventional monetary policy. Firms with bonds eligible for purchase under the European Central Bank’s Corporate Sector Purchase Program act as financial intermediaries by extending more trade credit to their customers. The increase in trade credit is more pronounced from core countries to periphery countries and for financially constrained customers. Customers increase investment and employment in response to the increase in trade financing, while suppliers expand their customer base, contributing to upstream industry concentration. Our findings suggest that trade credit redistributes the effects of monetary policy across regions and firms.
Elephant
Creators: name: Long, Jeremy Patrick
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Elephant, a collection of material produced during the past two years, attempts to create an environment within which the personna of the writer may exist without benefit of a corporeal reality. It becomes an environment of memory. By definition, the genres of drama and poetry must be presented to an audience if they are to succeed in their avowed purpose of communication between creator and audience. It is only the medium of presentation which distinguishes [sic] between the two genres. The drama is presented in the "live" medium of the stage, whereas poetry is presented by the "dead" or inanimate Gutenberg technology. In this particular instance, both genres are presented within the same medium, the thesis. They are therefore similar componants [sic] of a unique environment. The evironment [sic] of Elephant, can only be that of memory, as it was written in the past from material rooted in memory, the memory of the personna and the collective memory of the environment in which he exists. It is not "now", it is "then".
Mid-Infrared Extinction and its Variation with Galactic Longitude
Creators: name: Gao, Jian
name: Jiang, B. W.
name: Li, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the data obtained from the Spitzer/GLIPMSE Legacy Program and the 2MASS project, we derive the extinction in the four IRAC bands, [3.6], [4.5], [5.8] and [8.0] micron, relative to the 2MASS Ks band (at 2.16 micron) for 131 GLIPMSE fields along the Galactic plane within |l|<65 deg, using red giants and red clump giants as tracers. As a whole, the mean extinction in the IRAC bands (normalized to the 2MASS Ks band), A_[3.6]/A_Ks=0.63, A_[4.5]/A_Ks=0.57, A_[5.8]/A_Ks=0.49, A_[8.0]/A_Ks=0.55, exhibits little variation with wavelength (i.e. the extinction is somewhat flat or gray). This is consistent with previous studies and agrees with that predicted from the standard interstellar grain model for R_V=5.5 by Weingartner & Draine (2001). As far as individual sightline is concerned, however, the wavelength dependence of the mid-infrared interstellar extinction A_{lambda}/A_Ks varies from one sightline to another, suggesting that there may not exist a "universal" IR extinction law. We, for the first time, demonstrate the existence of systematic variations of extinction with Galactic longitude which appears to correlate with the locations of spiral arms as well as with the variation of the far infrared luminosity of interstellar dust.
description: 37 pages, 9 figures, to be published in ApJ
How to Become a Home Health Aide
Creators: name: Vocational
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Many individuals need health assistance in their homes, often due to age, illness, disability, or cognitive impairments. If you think you have what it takes to help these people go about their daily lives, here’s what you need in order to become a home health aide (HHA). 1 - Research HHA regulations in the United States vary depending on which state you are in. For example, some states require that HHA take a competency test before they start working with clients, while other states have no requirement at all. The first thing you should do is research the requirements of your state, and work to meet them. 2 - Consider joining a program Some states require that home health aides be part of training programs before they start working. But even if you aren’t legally required to take classes, doing so will teach you valuable skills, and help you gain the trust of potential clients. 3 - Connect with others One of the easiest ways to find work and get advice as an HHA is to talk with others in the profession. The nature of the job means that most home health aides can only take care of a few families at a time. Meaning they likely know people who need help, but who they don’t have time to assist. This guide can give you more details on how to become an HHA.
How Flexible is that Functional Form? Quantifying the Restrictiveness of Theories
Creators: name: Fudenberg, Drew
name: Gao, Wayne
name: Liang, Annie
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: economics

description: We propose a new way to quantify the restrictiveness of an economic model, based on how well the model fits simulated, hypothetical data sets. The data sets are drawn at random from a distribution that satisfies some application dependent content restrictions (such as that people prefer more money to less). Models that can fit almost all hypothetical data well are not restrictive. To illustrate our approach, we evaluate the restrictiveness of popular behavioral models in two experimental settings–certainty equivalents and initial play–and explain how restrictiveness reveals new insights about each of the models.