cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Heintze-Karcher inequality for anisotropic free boundary hypersurfaces in convex domains
Creators: name: Jia, Xiaohan
name: Wang, Guofang
name: Xia, Chao
name: Zhang, Xuwen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C45, 53A10, 53C42

description: In this paper, we prove an optimal Heintze-Karcher-type inequality for anisotropic free boundary hypersurfaces in general convex domains. The equality is achieved for anisotropic free boundary Wulff shapes in a convex cone. As applications, we prove various Alexandrov-type theorems.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure
Absorption spectra of the purple nonsulfur bacteria light-harvesting complex: a DFT study of the B800 part
Creators: name: Begunovich, L. V.
name: Kovaleva, E. A.
name: Korshunov, M. M.
name: Shabanov, V. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We've studied the B800 part of Rhodoblastus acidophilus light-harvesting complex (LH2) by several quantum chemical techniques based on the density functional theory (DFT) and determined the specific method and a minimal reliable model suitable for further studies of the LH2. In addition to bacteriochlorophyll a molecules, the minimal model includes two $α$ and one $β$ chain amino acids. Within the model, we are able to reproduce the contribution of the B800 ring of nine bacteriochlorophyll a molecules to the near infrared $Q_y$ absorption band. We also discuss the use of hybrid DFT calculations for precise energy and optical estimations and DFT-based tight binding (DFTB) method for the large-scale calculations. Crucial importance of Hartree-Fock exchange interaction for the correct description of B800 peak position was shown.
description: 11 pages + supplementary materials (2 pages)
Long-term experiments and strip plot designs
Creators: name: Plaia, Antonella
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Biological Sciences

description: In a long-term experiment usually the experimenter needs to know whether the effect of a treatment varies over time. But time usually has both a fixed and a random effects over the output and the difficulty in the analysis depends on the particular design considered and the availability of covariates. Actually, as shown in the paper, the presence of covariates can be very useful to model the random effect of time. In this paper a model to analyze data from a long-term strip plot design with covariates is proposed. Its effectiveness will be tested using both simulated and real data from a crop rotation experiment.
Studies on the antiplatelet and antithrombotic profile of anti-inflammatory coumarin derivatives
Creators: name: Kontogiorgis, Christos
name: Nicolotti, Orazio
name: Mangiatordi, Giuseppe Felice
name: Tognolini, Massimiliano
name: Karalaki, Foteini
name: Giorgio, Carmine
name: Patsilinakos, Alexandros
name: Carotti, Angelo
name: Hadjipavlou-Litina, Dimitra
name: Barocelli, Elisabetta
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: The interest towards coumarin-based structures stems from their polypharmacological profile. Herein, we present a series of Mannich bases and 7-azomethine-linked coumarin derivatives exhibiting antiplatelet and antithrombotic activities, in addition to the already known anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Among others, compounds 15 and 16 were found to be the most potent and selective inhibitors of platelet aggregation whereas compound 3 also proved to be the most potent in the clot retraction assay. Structure–activity relationship studies were conducted to elucidate the molecular determinants responsible for the herein observed activities. The chance of inhibiting cyclooxygenase-1 was also investigated for evaluating the platelet aggregation induced by arachidonic acid. Taken together, these results suggest that the investigation of other targets connected to the antiplatelet activity, such as phosphodiesterase-3 (PDE3), could be a viable strategy to shed light on the polypharmacological profile of coumarin-based compounds. Docking simulations towards PDE3 were also carried out.
Coronavirus e sicurezza sul lavoro, tra “raccomandazioni” e protocolli. Verso una nuova dimensione del sistema di prevenzione aziendale?
Creators: name: Pascucci, Paolo
Publisher: name: Diritto della sicurezza sul lavoro
Year: 2020

description: Il saggio analizza i recenti provvedimenti emanati dal Governo italiano per contrastare l’emergenza causata dalla diffusione del coronavirus e le ricadute che tale emergenza può produrre sul sistema di prevenzione aziendale delineato dal d.lgs. n. 81/2008 per la tutela della salute e sicurezza dei lavoratori. Il saggio affronta inoltre la questione relativa alla natura ed all’efficacia del Protocollo di sicurezza anti-contagio recentemente sottoscritto dalle organizzazioni sindacali dei datori di lavoro e dei lavoratori proponendo alcune soluzioni per garantirne l’effettività. The essay analyzes the recent measures issued by the Italian government to counter the emergency caused by the spread of coronavirus and the consequences that this emergency can have on the prevention system outlined by Legislative Decree no. 81/2008 for the protection of workers' health and safety. The essay also addresses the issue related to the nature and effectiveness of the anti-infection safety protocol recently signed by the trade unions of employers and workers by proposing some solutions to ensure its effectiveness.
description: Diritto della sicurezza sul lavoro, N. 2 (2019)
Dynamic mechanical properties of fused deposition modelling processed polyphenylsulfone material
Creators: name: Huang, Bolin
name: Masood, Syed
name: Nikzad, Mostafa
name: Venugopal, Prabhu Raja
name: Arivazhagan, Adhiyamaan
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) has attained its reputation due to the capability of rapidly fabricating prototypes from concept design to real parts in shorter time and lower cost than traditional manufacturing processes. This study sheds light on the dynamic mechanical properties of Polyphenylsulfone (PPSF) material fabricated by FDM additive manufacturing process considering the effect of its various process parameters. Three major FDM process parameters are considered in this study, namely, raster angle, raster width and build style. Dynamic Mechanical Analysis is carried out with sweeping temperature at three different fixed frequencies, e.g., 1 Hz, 50 Hz and 100 Hz. Taguchi method is employed for the optimization of process parameters towards achieving better damping properties. Experimental results such as maximum storage modulus, maximum loss modulus, peak of Tan Delta and maximum complex viscosity are captured and the effects of process parameters on these damping properties of PPSF samples are investigated.
Two Complementary Perspectives to Continual Learning: Ask Not Only What to Optimize, But Also How
Creators: name: Hess, Timm
name: Tuytelaars, Tinne
name: van de Ven, Gido M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent years have seen considerable progress in the continual training of deep neural networks, predominantly thanks to approaches that add replay or regularization terms to the loss function to approximate the joint loss over all tasks so far. However, we show that even with a perfect approximation to the joint loss, these approaches still suffer from temporary but substantial forgetting when starting to train on a new task. Motivated by this 'stability gap', we propose that continual learning strategies should focus not only on the optimization objective, but also on the way this objective is optimized. While there is some continual learning work that alters the optimization trajectory (e.g., using gradient projection techniques), this line of research is positioned as alternative to improving the optimization objective, while we argue it should be complementary. In search of empirical support for our proposition, we perform a series of pre-registered experiments combining replay-approximated joint objectives with gradient projection-based optimization routines. However, this first experimental attempt fails to show clear and consistent benefits. Nevertheless, our conceptual arguments, as well as some of our empirical results, demonstrate the distinctive importance of the optimization trajectory in continual learning, thereby opening up a new direction for continual learning research.
description: Full paper version of pre-registered report accepted at the 1st ContinualAI Unconference. The originally submitted pre-registered proposal can be found at arXiv:2311.04898v1
Tutela della salute dei lavoratori e COVID-19: una prima lettura critica degli obblighi datoriali
Creators: name: Pelusi, Lorenzo Maria
Publisher: name: Diritto della sicurezza sul lavoro
Year: 2020

description: Il contributo si propone di esaminare, anche attraverso categorie proprie del diritto penale, tutti gli obblighi ascrivibili al datore di lavoro ai fini della prevenzione del rischio di contrarre il nuovo Coronavirus nei luoghi di lavoro. Applicando il concetto di rischio professionale, l’autore individua le attività produttive rispetto alle quali si rende necessario procedere a nuova valutazione dei rischi. Vengono poi analizzate le misure che tutti i datori sono tenuti ad adottare per scongiurare il contagio, in ragione della posizione di garanzia che incombe su di loro. The essay aims to examine all of the employers’ obligations due to prevent the risk of workers being infected with the new Coronavirus in the workplace. To do so, the author uses legal categories from the criminal law as well. He identifies the productive activities which imply a new risk assessment, by applying the concept of occupational risk. Finally, the author points out and analyses the preventive measures the employers need to adopt in order to make sure workers are not exposed to the risk of infection, in compliance with the Italian regulation.
description: Diritto della sicurezza sul lavoro, N. 2 (2019)
Revisitando el derecho del trabajo desde la óptica de la seguridad y salud laboral. Una introducción
Creators: name: Baylos Grau, Antonio Pedro
Publisher: name: Diritto della sicurezza sul lavoro
Year: 2020

description: Pese la irrupción de un punto de vista de política del derecho que introduce la raconalidad económica como elemento regulativo de la protección de la salud y de la prevención del riesgo, las consideraciones que pudieran proceder del coste de las medidas preventivas son incompatibles con el estándar técnico más elevado y eficiente en el logro de la seguridad en el trabajo, sin perjuicio de poder actuar sobre la simplificación de los procedimientos preventivos o sobre la organización de los servicios de prevención. la “defensa de la productividad” que recoge el art. 38 ce no puede alterar este principio fundamental, contraponiéndolo, en una operación de contrapesos, con el coste económico de las medidas, ni tampoco rebajando la imperatividad de estas normas sobre la base de su aceptación voluntaria o de “observancia flexible”. Despite the emergence of a policy point of view of law that introduces economic rationality as a regulative element of health protection and risk prevention, considerations that may arise from the cost of preventive measures are incompatible with the highest and most efficient technical standard in the achievement of safety at work, without prejudice to being able to act on the simplification of preventive procedures or on the organization of prevention services. The "productivity defence" in Article 38 CE cannot alter this fundamental principle by contrasting it, in a counterweight operation, with the economic cost of the measures, nor by reducing the imperativeness of these rules on the basis of their voluntary acceptance or "flexible enforcement"
description: Diritto della sicurezza sul lavoro, N. 1 (2020)
Local isometric immersions and breakdown of manifolds determined by Cauchy problems of the Degasperis-Procesi equation
Creators: name: Freire, Igor Leite
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 58J60, 53C21, 35R01, 35A01, 35Q51

description: We prove that both local and non-local formulations of the Degasperis-Procesi equation possess a pseudospherical nature. As a result, solutions determined by Cauchy problems with non-trivial initial data and a minimal specific regularity define an orthonormal coframe for a pseudospherical metric within a designated strip. While the region is entirely described by the initial condition, the one-forms are determined by the corresponding solutions. Moreover, we establish that any non-trivial initial condition yields a second fundamental form, which is locally determined within the strip. The surface may collapse within a finite-height strip when the initial condition leads to wave breaking. We determine conditions for the coframe to be defined on the upper plane. We investigate possible integrability structures related to the triad of fundamental one-forms.
description: Some corrections have been made in the proof of Theorem 8.4
Data Citation in context of Data Traceability and Provenance
Creators: name: Stockhause, Martina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Complex citation
provenance

description: This talk was given at the DataCite EMEA Expert Call on 2024-03-12, introducing the importance of data provenance and data traceability for data citation in the climate domain. The use case of CMIP6 (Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6) data used in the Sixth Assessment Report (AR6) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is presented, which is related to the work carried out in the RDA Complex Citation WG and IPCC TG-Data and the IPCC DDC.
ОЛИЙ ТАЪЛИМДА ТАРБИЯСИ ОҒИР ТАЛАБАЛАРНИ КОНСТРУКТИВ ЁНДАШУВ АСОСИДА ТАРБИЯЛАШ МАЗМУНИ
Creators: name: Мамазова, З.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Ушбу мақолада олий таълим муассасаларида тарбияси оғир талабаларни конструктив ёндашув асосида тарбиялашнинг мазмуни ва аҳамияти таҳлил қилинган. Муаллиф тарбияси оғир талабаларни аниқлаш, улар билан самарали ишлаш ва уларнинг ижтимоий фаол шахс сифатида шаклланишини таъминлашнинг муҳимлигини таъкидлайди. Конструктив ёндашув талабани жазолаш эмас, балки уни тушуниш, ижобий ҳис-туйғуларни шакллантириш ва мотивацияни ошириш орқали ижобий ўзгаришларга эришишни назарда тутади.
Layered scenario mapping: a multidimensional mapping technique for collaborative design
Creators: name: Lurås, Sigrun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Making use of insights gained through field research in design can be challenging. Some issues that design teams may face are making sense of fragmented data collected, sharing insight among the design team and presenting the data in ways that support the situated design work. This paper introduces layered scenario mapping, a technique aimed at meeting such issues when designing a ship’s bridge. The technique builds on and expands traditional techniques for representing user data in design and results in a map describing a typical scenario along several dimensions and at different levels of abstraction. It highlights the spatial and temporal aspects of the situation, and emphasises the use of visual presentations. This paper describes why and how the layered scenario mapping technique was created, it critically assesses the technique and discusses experiences with using it. The technique proved to be valuable in making sense of fragmented data, and supported the design team’s collaborative work when designing a ship’s bridge. It is expected that the technique can also prove valuable when designing for other contexts where the spatial and/or temporal dimensions are of importance.
Nonreciprocal phase shifts in a nonlinear periodic waveguide
Creators: name: Kogani, Ali
name: Yousefzadeh, Behrooz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We explore nonreciprocal vibration transmission in a nonlinear periodic waveguide. Nonlinearity and asymmetry, the two necessary requirements for nonreciprocity, are both introduced within the unit cell of the periodic waveguide. We focus primarily on the contribution of phase to the nonreciprocal steady-state response of the system. To highlight the phase effects, which are rarely discussed in the literature, we investigate response regimes in which nonreciprocity is solely due to nonreciprocal phase shifts: when the locations of the source and receiver are interchanged, the amplitude of transmitted vibrations remains unchanged but the transmitted phases are not equal. We present a computational analysis of this state of phase nonreciprocity in the weakly nonlinear frequency-preserving response regime, where we characterize the response using its nonreciprocal phase shift. This allows us to systematically find a set of system parameters (including two symmetry-breaking parameters) that lead to reciprocal nonlinear response in a system with broken mirror symmetry. In other words, we show that breaking the mirror symmetry of a passive nonlinear waveguide is a necessary but insufficient condition for nonreciprocal dynamics to exist. Our findings highlight the important role of phase in nonlinear nonreciprocity and showcase the potential of asymmetry to serve as an additional design parameter.
Odd non-linear conductivity under spatial inversion in chiral Tellurium
Creators: name: Suárez-Rodríguez, Manuel
name: Martín-García, Beatriz
name: Skowroński, Witold
name: Calavalle, F.
name: Tsirkin, Stepan S.
name: Souza, Ivo
name: De Juan, Fernando
name: Chuvilin, Andrey
name: Fert, Albert
name: Gobbi, Marco
name: Casanova, Fèlix
name: Hueso, Luis E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electrical transport in non-centrosymmetric materials departs from the well-established phenomenological Ohm's law. Instead of a linear relation between current and electric field, a non-linear conductivity emerges along specific crystallographic directions. This non-linear transport is fundamentally related to the lack of spatial inversion symmetry. However, the experimental implications of an inversion symmetry operation on the non-linear conductivity remain to be explored. Here, we report on a large, non-linear conductivity in chiral Tellurium. By measuring samples with opposite handedness, we demonstrate that the non-linear transport is odd under spatial inversion. Furthermore, by applying an electrostatic gate, we modulate the non-linear output by a factor of 300, reaching the highest reported value excluding engineered heterostructures. Our results establish chiral Te as an ideal compound not just to study the fundamental interplay between crystal structure, symmetry operations and non-linear transport, but also to develop wireless rectifiers and energy-harvesting chiral devices.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, Supplemental Material
Glyptothorax silviae Coad 1981
Creators: name: Sayyadzadeh, Golnaz
name: Esmaeili, Hamid Reza
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Siluriformes
Sisoridae
Glyptothorax
Glyptothorax silviae

description: 216. Glyptothorax silviae Coad, 1981
Common name. Southern catfish
Taxonomy. Original description: Glyptothorax silviae Coad, 1981: 291, figs. 1-3 [Stream 3 kilometers south of Bagh-e Malek, Khuzestan, Iran, 31°29'00"N, 49°54'30"E, elevation 660 m; holotype: NMC 1979-0390 A].
Revisions. None.
Illustrations. Coad (1981: 291, fig. 1).
Distribution in Iran. — Distribution in River Basin: Tigris.—Distribution in Ecoregions: 442- Upper Tigris & Euphrates.
Status in Iran. [Endemic].—Gorbemahi-e Jonob. Listed in previous checklists from Iran by Esmaeili et al. (2017 a, 2018); Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. (2020) and Eagderi et al. (2022).— Iran material: ZM-CBSU.
Conservation. —IUCN: NE.
description: Published as part of Sayyadzadeh, Golnaz & Esmaeili, Hamid Reza, 2024, Freshwater lamprey and fishes of Iran: Reappraisal and updated checklist with a note on Eagderi et al. (2022), pp. 1-99 in Zootaxa 5402 (1) on pages 68-69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5402.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10524097
Electrical control of magnetism by electric field and current-induced torques
Creators: name: Fert, Albert
name: Ramesh, Ramamoorthy
name: Garcia, Vincent
name: Casanova, Fèlix
name: Bibes, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While early magnetic memory designs relied on magnetization switching by locally generated magnetic fields, key insights in condensed matter physics later suggested the possibility to do it electrically. In the 1990s, Slonczewzki and Berger formulated the concept of current-induced spin torques in magnetic multilayers through which a spin-polarized current may switch the magnetization of a ferromagnet. This discovery drove the development of spin-transfer-torque magnetic random-access memories (STT-MRAMs). More recent research unveiled spin-orbit-torques (SOTs) and will lead to a new generation of devices including SOT-MRAMs. Parallel to these advances, multiferroics and their magnetoelectric coupling experienced a renaissance, leading to novel device concepts for information and communication technology such as the MESO transistor. The story of the electrical control of magnetization is that of a dance between fundamental research (in spintronics, condensed matter physics, and materials science) and technology (MRAMs, MESO, microwave emitters, spin-diodes, skyrmion-based devices, components for neuromorphics, etc). This pas de deux led to major breakthroughs over the last decades (pure spin currents, magnetic skyrmions, spin-charge interconversion, etc). As a result, this field has propelled MRAMs into consumer electronics products but also fueled discoveries in adjacent research areas such as ferroelectrics or magnonics. Here, we cover recent advances in the control of magnetism by electric fields and by current-induced torques. We first review fundamental concepts in these two directions, then discuss their combination, and finally present various families of devices harnessing the electrical control of magnetic properties for various application fields. We conclude by giving perspectives in terms of both emerging fundamental physics concepts and new directions in materials science.
description: Final version accepted for publication in Reviews of Modern Physics
Intrinsic instrumental polarization and high-precision pulsar timing
Creators: name: Foster, G.
name: Karastergiou, A.
name: Paulin, R.
name: Carozzi, T. D.
name: Johnston, S.
name: van Straten, Willem
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Radio telescopes are used to accurately measure the time of arrival (ToA) of radio pulses in pulsar timing experiments that target mostly millisecond pulsars (MSPs) due to their high rotational stability. This allows for detailed study of MSPs and forms the basis of experiments to detect gravitational waves. Apart from intrinsic and propagation effects, such as pulse-topulse jitter and dispersion variations in the interstellar medium, timing precision is limited in part by the following: polarization purity of the telescope's orthogonally polarized receptors, the signal-to-noise ratio of the pulsar profile, and the polarization fidelity of the system. Using simulations, we present how fundamental limitations in recovering the true polarization reduce the precision of ToA measurements. Any real system will respond differently to each source observed depending on the unique pulsar polarization profile. Using the profiles of known MSPs, we quantify the limits of observing system specifications that yield satisfactory ToA measurements, and we place a practical design limit beyond which improvement of the system results in diminishing returns. Our aim is to justify limits for the front-end polarization characteristics of next-generation radio telescopes, leading to the Square Kilometre Array.
Thermal Hall conductivity of a valence bond solid phase in the square lattice $J_1$-$J_2$ antiferromagnet Heisenberg model with a Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction
Creators: name: Buzo, Lucas S.
name: Doretto, R. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the thermal Hall conductivity $κ_{xy}$ for the columnar valence-bond solid phase of a two-dimensional frustrated antiferromagnet. In particular, we consider the square lattice spin-$1/2$ $J_1$-$J_2$ antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model with an additional Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction between the spins and in the presence of an external magnetic field. We concentrate on the intermediate parameter region of the $J_1$-$J_2$ model, where a quantum paramagnetic phase is stable, and consider a Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya vector pattern associated with the couplings between the spins in the CuO$_2$ planes of the YBCO compound. We describe the columnar valence-bond solid phase within the bond-operator formalism, which allows us to map the Heisenberg model into an effective interacting boson model written in terms of triplet operators. The effective boson model is studied within the harmonic approximation and the triplon excitation bands of the columnar valence-bond solid phase is determined. We then calculate the Berry curvature and the Chern numbers of the triplon excitation bands and, finally, determine the thermal Hall conductivity due to triplons as a function of the temperature. We find that the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction yields a finite Berry curvature for the triplon bands, but the corresponding Chern numbers vanish. Although the triplon excitations are topologically trivial, the thermal Hall conductivity of the columnar valence-bond solid phase in the square lattice antiferromagnet is finite at low temperatures. We comment on the relations of our results with a {\sl no-go} condition for a thermal Hall effect previously derived for ordered magnets.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures, final version
Production of entangled x rays through nonlinear double Compton scattering
Creators: name: de Vos, T. D. C.
name: Postema, J. J.
name: Schaap, B. H.
name: Di Piazza, A.
name: Luiten, O. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An accessible tabletop source for the production of entangled x rays is crucial for the field of high-energy quantum optics. Here, we present a detailed analysis of the entanglement and polarization of the two photons emitted by an electron in an intense laser wave (nonlinear double-Compton scattering), by working within the framework of strong-field QED. By identifying contributions to the emission probability stemming from the electron being either on-shell or off-shell between the two-photon emissions, we show that the entangled photons are generated via the off-shell contribution for moderate beam energies, which are realizable on a tabletop setup. We propose an experiment to produce and isolate pairs of entangled x rays, through spectral filtering.
Letter, Tom Twomey of Suffolk for Safe Energy, Inc. to Petition Signers
Creators: name: Twomey, Tom
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: Correspondence
Nuclear power
Nuclear power plants

description: This letter is written by Tom Twomey with the Suffolk for Safe Energy, Inc. to petition signers in advocation for the fight against building a Shoreham nuclear power plant. He states to send their questionnaire, along with a money contribution to help fight LILCO.
NumCalc: An open source BEM code for solving acoustic scattering problems
Creators: name: Kreuzer, Wolfgang
name: Pollack, Katharina
name: Brinkmann, Fabian
name: Majdak, Piotr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: G.4
subject: 65M38, 65M70

description: The calculation of the acoustic field in or around objects is an important task in acoustic engineering. To numerically solve this task, the boundary element method (BEM) is a commonly used method especially for infinite domains. The open source tool Mesh2HRTF and its BEM core NumCalc provide users with a collection of free software for acoustic simulations without the need of having an in-depth knowledge into numerical methods. However, we feel that users should have a basic understanding with respect to the methods behind the software they are using. We are convinced that this basic understanding helps in avoiding common mistakes and also helps to understand the requirements to use the software. To provide this background is the first motivation for this paper. A second motivation for this paper is to demonstrate the accuracy of NumCalc when solving benchmark problems. Thus, users can get an idea about the accuracy they can expect when using NumCalc as well as the memory and CPU requirements of NumCalc. A third motivation for this paper is to give users detailed information about some parts of the actual implementation that are usually not mentioned in literature, e.g., the specific version of the fast multipole method and its clustering process or how to use frequency-dependent admittance boundary conditions.
description: 50 pages, 20 figures, corrected typo in Eq. (14)
RADIO DISAPPEARANCE of the MAGNETAR XTE J1810-197 and CONTINUED X-RAY TIMING
Creators: name: Camilo, F.
name: Ransom, S. M.
name: Halpern, J. P.
name: Alford, J. A.J.
name: Cognard, I.
name: Reynolds, J. E.
name: Johnston, S.
name: Sarkissian, J.
name: van Straten, Willem
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: We report on timing, flux density, and polarimetric observations of the transient magnetar and 5.54 s radio pulsar XTE. J1810-197 using the Green Bank, Nancay, and Parkes radio telescopes beginning in early 2006, until its sudden disappearance as a radio source in late 2008. Repeated observations through 2016 have not detected radio pulsations again. The torque on the neutron star, as inferred from its rotation frequency derivative (nu)over dot, decreased in an unsteady manner by a factor of three in the first year of radio monitoring, until approximately mid-2007. By contrast, during its final year as a detectable radio source, the torque decreased steadily by only 9%. The period-averaged flux density, after decreasing by a factor of 20 during the first 10 months of radio monitoring, remained relatively steady in the next 22 months, at an average of 0.7 +/- 0.3 mJy at 1.4 GHz, while still showing day-to-day fluctuations by factors of a few. There is evidence that during this last phase of radio activity the magnetar had a steep radio spectrum, in contrast to earlier flat-spectrum behavior. No secular decrease presaged its radio demise. During this time, the pulse profile continued to display large variations; polarimetry, including of a new profile component, indicates that the magnetic geometry remained consistent with that of earlier times. We supplement these results with X-ray timing of the pulsar from its outburst in 2003 up to 2014. For the first 4 years, XTE. J1810 -197 experienced non-monotonic excursions in frequency derivative by at least a factor of eight. But since 2007, its (nu)over dot has remained relatively stable near its minimum observed value. The only apparent event in the X-ray record that is possibly contemporaneous with the radio shutdown is a decrease of approximate to 20% in the hot-spot flux in 2008-2009, to a stable, minimum value. However, the permanence of the high-amplitude, thermal X-ray pulse, even after the (unexplained) radio demise, implies continuing magnetar activity.
RISIS-KNOWMAK – A new tool for exploring knowledge production in the ERA
Creators: name: Lepori, Benedetto
name: Larédo, Philippe
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: KNOWMAK project
ontology
Key Enabling Technologies
Socital Grand Challenges
European regions

description: This poster presents the overall design of the RISIS-KNOWMAK indicator tool, as well as some selected analyses based on the indicators produced by the tool.
Molecular toxicity of cerium oxide nanoparticles to the freshwater alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is associated with supra-environmental exposure concentrations
Creators: name: Taylor, Nadine S.
name: Merrifield, Ruth
name: Williams, Tim D.
name: J. Kevin Chipman
name: Lead, Jamie R.
name: Viant, Mark R.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Plant Biology

description: Ceria nanoparticles (NPs) are widely used as fuel catalysts and consequently are likely to enter the environment. Their potential impacts on. biota at environmentally relevant concentrations, including uptake and toxicity, remain to be elucidated and quantitative data on which to assess risk are sparse. Therefore, a definitive assessment of the molecular and phenotypic effects of ceria NPs was undertaken, using well-characterised mono-dispersed NPs as their toxicity is likely to be higher, enabling a conservative hazard assessment. Unbiased transcriptomics and metabolomics approaches were used to investigate the potential toxicity of tightly constrained 4–5 nm ceria NPs to the unicellular green alga, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a sentinel freshwater species. A wide range of exposure concentrations were investigated from predicted environmental levels, to support hazard assessment, to supra-environmental levels to provide insight into molecular toxicity pathways. Ceria NPs were internalised into intracellular vesicles within C. reinhardtii, yet caused no significant effect on algal growth at any exposure concentration. Molecular perturbations were only detected at supra-environmental ceria NP-concentrations, primarily down-regulation of photosynthesis and carbon fixation with associated effects on energy metabolism. For acute exposures to small mono-dispersed particles, it can be concluded there should be little concern regarding their dispersal into the environment for this trophic level.
Unmasking the Polygamous Nature of Quantum Nonlocality
Creators: name: Cieśliński, Paweł
name: Knips, Lukas
name: Kowalczyk, Mateusz
name: Laskowski, Wiesław
name: Paterek, Tomasz
name: Vértesi, Tamás
name: Weinfurter, Harald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum mechanics imposes limits on the statistics of certain observables. Perhaps the most famous example is the uncertainty principle. Similar trade-offs also exist for the simultaneous violation of multiple Bell inequalities. In the simplest case of three observers, it has been shown that if two observers violate a Bell inequality then none of them can violate any Bell inequality with the third observer, a property called monogamy of Bell violations. Forms of Bell monogamy have been linked to the no-signalling principle and the inability of simultaneous violations of all inequalities is regarded as their fundamental property. Here we show that the Bell monogamy does not hold universally and that in fact the only monogamous situation exists for only three observers. Consequently, the nature of quantum nonlocality is truly polygamous. We present a systematic methodology for identifying quantum states, measurements and tight Bell inequalities that do not obey the monogamy principle for any number of more than three observers. The identified polygamous inequalities enable any subset of $(N-1)$ observers to reveal nonlocality, which is also shown experimentally by measuring Bell-type correlations of six-photon Dicke states. Our findings may be exploited for multiparty quantum key distribution as well as simultaneous self-testing of multiple nodes in quantum networks.
description: Final version, 6 pages + appendix
Melatonin attenuates MPTP-induced neurotoxicity via preventing CDK5-mediated autophagy and SNCA/α-synuclein aggregation
Creators: name: Su, Ling-Yan
name: Li, Hao
name: Lv, Li
name: Feng, Yue-Mei
name: Li, Guo-Dong
name: Rongcan Luo
name: He-Jiang Zhou
name: Lei, Xiao-Guang
name: Ma, Liang
name: Li, Jia-Li
name: Xu, Lin
name: Hu, Xin-Tian
name: Yao, Yong-Gang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Autophagy is involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson disease (PD). However, little is known about the regulation of autophagy in neurodegenerative process. In this study, we characterized aberrant activation of autophagy induced by neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) and demonstrated that melatonin has a protective effect on neurotoxicity. We found an excessive activation of autophagy in monkey brain tissues and C6 cells, induced by MPTP, which is mediated by CDK5 (cyclin-dependent kinase 5). MPTP treatment significantly reduced total dendritic length and dendritic complexity of cultured primary cortical neurons and melatonin could reverse this effect. Decreased TH (tyrosine hydroxylase)-positive cells and dendrites of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) were observed in MPTP-treated monkeys and mice. Along with decreased TH protein level, we observed an upregulation of CDK5 and enhanced autophagic activity in the striatum of mice with MPTP injection. These changes could be salvaged by melatonin treatment or knockdown of CDK5. Importantly, melatonin or knockdown of CDK5 reduced MPTP-induced SNCA/α-synuclein aggregation in mice, which is widely thought to trigger the pathogenesis of PD. Finally, melatonin or knockdown of CDK5 counteracted the PD phenotype in mice induced by MPTP. Our findings uncover a potent role of CDK5-mediated autophagy in the pathogenesis of PD, and suggest that control of autophagic pathways may provide an important clue for exploring potential target for novel therapeutics of PD.
Quantum Fluctuations and Multifractally-Enhanced Superconductivity in Disordered Thin Films
Creators: name: Andriyakhina, E. S.
name: Nosov, P. A.
name: Raghu, S.
name: Burmistrov, I. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interplay between electron-electron interactions and weak localization (or anti-localization) phenomena in two-dimensional systems can significantly enhance the superconducting transition temperature. We develop the theory of quantum fluctuations within such multifractally-enhanced superconducting states in thin films. In conditions of weak disorder, we employ the Finkel'stein nonlinear sigma model to derive an effective action for the superconducting order parameter and the quasiclassical Green's function, meticulously accounting for the influence of quantum fluctuations. This effective action, applicable for interactions of any strength, reveals the critical role of well-known collective modes in a dirty superconductor, and its saddle point analysis leads to modified Usadel and gap equations. These equations comprehensively incorporate the renormalizations stemming from the interplay between interactions and disorder, resulting in the non-trivial energy dependence of the gap function. Notably, our analysis establishes a direct relation between the self-consistent gap equation at the superconducting transition temperature and the known renormalization group equations for interaction parameters in the normal state.
description: The manuscript is prepared for the Alexander Andreev Memorial Collection, to be published in the Journal of Low Temperature Physics
Inhibition of carbonic anhydrase isoforms I, II, IX and XII with Schiff’s bases incorporating iminoureido moieties
Creators: name: Namrata Singasane
name: Kharkar, Prashant S.
name: Ceruso, Mariangela
name: Supuran, Claudiu T.
name: Mrunmayee P. Toraskar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biological Sciences
Chemistry
Earth and Environmental Sciences
Pharmacology
Molecular Biology
Cell Biology
Biochemistry
Biophysics

description: A series of new Schiff’s bases was obtained from the sulfanilamide semicarbazone (4-aminosulfonylphenyl semicarbazide) and aromatic/heterocyclic aldehydes. The new compounds were designed to incorporate moieties known to induce effective inhibitory activity against carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) isoforms involved in crucial physiologic or pathologic processes such as the cytosolic CA I and II or the transmembrane, tumor-associated CA IX and XII: the compounds were medium potency – weak CA I inhibitors, highly effective, low nanomolar CA II inhibitors, but few of them inhibited effectively CA IX and XII. This may probably due to the long spacer between the sulfamoylphenyl and imine fragments of the molecules, which probably induces a highly flexible conformation of the inhibitor bound to the active site of the enzyme, with destabilizing effects for the adduct. The detailed structure activity relationship for this class of inhibitors is discussed.
Molecular toxicity of cerium oxide nanoparticles to the freshwater alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is associated with supra-environmental exposure concentrations
Creators: name: Taylor, Nadine S.
name: Merrifield, Ruth
name: Williams, Tim D.
name: J. Kevin Chipman
name: Lead, Jamie R.
name: Viant, Mark R.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Plant Biology

description: Ceria nanoparticles (NPs) are widely used as fuel catalysts and consequently are likely to enter the environment. Their potential impacts on. biota at environmentally relevant concentrations, including uptake and toxicity, remain to be elucidated and quantitative data on which to assess risk are sparse. Therefore, a definitive assessment of the molecular and phenotypic effects of ceria NPs was undertaken, using well-characterised mono-dispersed NPs as their toxicity is likely to be higher, enabling a conservative hazard assessment. Unbiased transcriptomics and metabolomics approaches were used to investigate the potential toxicity of tightly constrained 4–5 nm ceria NPs to the unicellular green alga, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a sentinel freshwater species. A wide range of exposure concentrations were investigated from predicted environmental levels, to support hazard assessment, to supra-environmental levels to provide insight into molecular toxicity pathways. Ceria NPs were internalised into intracellular vesicles within C. reinhardtii, yet caused no significant effect on algal growth at any exposure concentration. Molecular perturbations were only detected at supra-environmental ceria NP-concentrations, primarily down-regulation of photosynthesis and carbon fixation with associated effects on energy metabolism. For acute exposures to small mono-dispersed particles, it can be concluded there should be little concern regarding their dispersal into the environment for this trophic level.
Deep learning with plasma plume image sequences for anomaly detection and prediction of growth kinetics during pulsed laser deposition
Creators: name: Harris, Sumner B.
name: Rouleau, Christopher M.
name: Xiao, Kai
name: Vasudevan, Rama K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Materials synthesis platforms that are designed for autonomous experimentation are capable of collecting multimodal diagnostic data that can be utilized for feedback to optimize material properties. Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) is emerging as a viable autonomous synthesis tool, and so the need arises to develop machine learning (ML) techniques that are capable of extracting information from in situ diagnostics. Here, we demonstrate that intensified-CCD image sequences of the plasma plume generated during PLD can be used for anomaly detection and the prediction of thin film growth kinetics. We developed a multi-output (2$+$1)D convolutional neural network regression model that extracts deep features from plume dynamics that not only correlate with the measured chamber pressure and incident laser energy, but more importantly, predict parameters of an auto-catalytic film growth model derived from in situ laser reflectivity experiments. Our results are the first demonstration of how ML with in situ plume diagnostics data in PLD can be utilized to maintain deposition conditions in an optimal regime. Further, the predictive capabilities of plume dynamics on the kinetics of film growth or other film properties prior to deposition provides a means for rapid pre-screening of growth conditions for the non-expert, which promises to accelerate materials optimization with PLD.