cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Model-Based Imitation Learning Using Entropy Regularization of Model and Policy
Creators: name: Uchibe, Eiji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Approaches based on generative adversarial networks for imitation learning are promising because they are sample efficient in terms of expert demonstrations. However, training a generator requires many interactions with the actual environment because model-free reinforcement learning is adopted to update a policy. To improve the sample efficiency using model-based reinforcement learning, we propose model-based Entropy-Regularized Imitation Learning (MB-ERIL) under the entropy-regularized Markov decision process to reduce the number of interactions with the actual environment. MB-ERIL uses two discriminators. A policy discriminator distinguishes the actions generated by a robot from expert ones, and a model discriminator distinguishes the counterfactual state transitions generated by the model from the actual ones. We derive structured discriminators so that the learning of the policy and the model is efficient. Computer simulations and real robot experiments show that MB-ERIL achieves a competitive performance and significantly improves the sample efficiency compared to baseline methods.
description: This is a preprint version of the paper to appear at IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters (RA-L). The final journal version is downloadable from https://doi.org/10.1109/LRA.2022.3196139
Generalized parallelizable spaces from exceptional field theory
Creators: name: Lüst, Dieter
name: du Bosque, Pascal
name: Hassler, Falk
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Generalized parallelizable spaces allow a unified treatment of consistent maximally supersymmetric truncations of ten- and eleven-dimensional supergravity in generalized geometry. Known examples are spheres, twisted tori and hyperboloides. They admit a generalized frame field over the coset space $M$=$G/H$ which reproduces the Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$ of $G$ under the generalized Lie derivative. An open problem is a systematic construction of these spaces and especially their generalized frames fields. We present a technique which applies to $\dim M$=4 for SL(5) exceptional field theory. In this paper the group manifold $G$ is identified with the extended space of the exceptional field theory. Subsequently, the section condition is solved to remove unphysical directions from the extended space. Finally, a SL(5) generalized frame field is constructed from parts of the left-invariant Maurer-Cartan form on $G$. All these steps impose conditions on $G$ and $H$.
Tectaria hollrungii Li Bing Zhang & X. Zhang 2019, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Zhang, Xin
name: Zhang, Liang
name: Zhang, Li-Bing
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Polypodiopsida
Polypodiales
Tectariaceae
Tectaria
Tectaria hollrungii

description: Tectaria hollrungii (Kuhn) Li Bing Zhang & X. Zhang, comb. nov.
 Basionym:— Gymnopteris hollrungii Kuhn in Schumann & Hollrung (1889: 8).
 Type:— PAPUA NEW GUINEA. Augustafluss, Hollrung 640 (lectotype K-000666161! designated here!; isolectotypes BO, L-0931016!).
 Homotypic synonyms:— Gymnopteris hollrungii Kuhn in Schumann & Hollrung (1889: 8); Acrostichum hollrungii (Kuhn) Baker (1891: 495); Leptochilus hollrungii (Kuhn) Christensen (1905: 385); Hemigramma hollrungii (Kuhn) Copeland (1928: 406); Chlamydogramme hollrungii (Kuhn) Holltum (1986: 157).
 Heterotypic synonyms:— Hemigramma grandifolia Copeland (1911: 77). Type: PAPUA NEW GUINEA. Lakekamu, C. King 328 (holotype MICH-1190604!).
 Notes:— Tectaria hollrungii is characterized by linear sori, pinna-like terminal lamina section, and 2–3 pinna pairs. We did not find any type material of Gymnopteris hollrungii Kuhn at B where Kuhn’s types are deposited (Stafleu & Cowan, 1979). We here designate the isotype at K as the lectotype.
description: Published as part of Zhang, Xin, Zhang, Liang & Zhang, Li-Bing, 2019, Transferring two names of Chlamydogramme to Tectaria (Pteridophyta: Tectariaceae), pp. 87-88 in Phytotaxa 392 (1) on page 87, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.392.1.10, http://zenodo.org/record/13717945
Determining the sintering kinetics of Fe and FexOy-Nanoparticles in a well-defined model flow reactor
Creators: name: Rosenberger, T.
name: Skenderović, I.
name: Sellmann, J.
name: Wollny, P.
name: Levish, A.
name: Wlokas, I.
name: Kempf, A.
name: Winterer, M.
name: Kruis, F. E.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: A model flow reactor provides a narrow particle temperature-residence time distribution with well-defined conditions and is mandatory to measure changes of the particle structure precisely. The experimental data of iron and iron oxide agglomerates are used to determine the sintering kinetics considering the temperature-time history of the particles. Thousand particle trajectories are tracked in a validated CFD model at three different furnace temperatures each. Strongly agglomerated particles with a small primary particle size (∼4 nm) are synthesized by spark discharge and are size-selected (25–250 nm) before sintering. The structure development is measured simultaneously with different online instrumentations and the structure calculated by means of structure models. A simple sintering model, based on the reduction of surface energy, is numerically quantified with the experimental results. The surface of the particles is strongly dependent on the primary particle size and the agglomerate structure. The chemical phase is analyzed using the offline techniques XANES, XRD, and EELS. It is observed that the addition of hydrogen led to a reduction of iron oxide to iron nanoparticles and to changes of the sintering kinetics. The sintering exponent m = 1 was found to be optimal. For Fe, an activation energy Ea of 59.15 kJ/mol and a pre-exponential factor As of 1.57 104 s/m were found, for Fe3O4 an activation energy Ea of 55.22 kJ/mol and a pre-exponential factor As of 2.54 104 s/m. Copyright © 2022 American Association for Aerosol Research
Characteristics of Black Carbon Aerosol at an Educational Site in Southern India
Creators: name: R. M. Rajeshkumar
name: B. Vijay Bhaskar
name: K. Muthuchelian
Publisher: name: Thai Society of Higher Education Institutes on Environment
Year: 2019
Subjects: Black carbon
Educational Institution
Tobacco smoke
Raman Spectrum

description: EnvironmentAsia, 12, 1, 108-119
Albedo reduction for snow surfaces contaminated with soot aerosols: Comparison of experimental results and models
Creators: name: Lapuerta, Magín
name: González-Correa, Sofía
name: Ballesteros, Rosario
name: Cereceda-Balic, Francisco
name: Moosmüller, Hans
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Highly reflective snow surfaces are sensitive to contamination by light-absorbing particles. When such particles are deposited onto a snow surface, they reduce snow albedo, which leads to snow surface warming and accelerates snowmelt. To better understand and characterize the effects of light-absorbing particles on snow albedo, an experimental campaign was conducted in Cotos Port, Madrid Spain. A spectroradiometric system consisting of six spectroradiometers simultaneously measuring sun irradiance and snow radiance spectra over the range from 300 to 2500 nm was used. Measured snow albedo spectra were compared to modeled snow albedo spectra obtained with a novel snow radiative transfer model (OptiPar) developed by our research group. Comparison of these experimental and OptiPar-modeled results with results from open modeling software, such as SNICAR and snowTARTES, has demonstrated that the detailed consideration of soot aerosol shape and size is helpful for a good spectral albedo prediction and that OptiPar provides enough flexibility for optimal fitting.
Dust Removal Capacity of Some Tree Species from Ambient Air in an Indian Metropolitan City
Creators: name: Mukherjee, Sudipta
name: Pramita Sarkar
name: Anirban Roy
Publisher: name: Thai Society of Higher Education Institutes on Environment
Year: 2019
Subjects: Air pollution
Dust amelioration
SPM
Canopy
Phylotaxy
Metropolitan city

description: EnvironmentAsia, 12, 1, 120-126
5-minute Solar Oscillations and Ion Cyclotron Waves in the Solar Wind
Creators: name: Guglielmi, Anatol
name: Potapov, Alexander
name: Dovbnya, Boris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present paper we study impact of the photospheric 5-minute oscillations on the ion cyclotron waves in the solar wind. We proceed from the assumption that the ion cyclotron waves in solar wind are experiencing modulation with a characteristic period of 5 minutes under the influence of Alfven waves driven by photospheric motions. The theory presented in our paper predicts a deep frequency modulation of the ion cyclotron waves. The frequency modulation is expected mainly from variations in orientation of the IMF lines. In turn, the variations in orientation are caused by the Alfven waves, propagating from the Sun. To test the theoretical predictions we have analyzed records of the ultra-low-frequency (ULF) geoelectromagnetic waves in order to find the permanent quasi-monochromatic oscillations of natural origin in the Pc1-2 frequency band (0.1-5 Hz), the carrier frequency of which varies with time in a wide range. As a result we found the so-called "serpentine emission" (SE), which was observed in Antarctic at the Vostok station near the South Geomagnetic Pole. The permanency, range of frequencies, and the deep frequency modulation of SE correspond to the qualitative properties of ion cyclotron waves in the solar wind. Clearly expressed 5-minute modulation of the carrier frequency is particularly important feature of the SE in the context of this work. We believe that we have found non-trivial manifestation of the solar 5-min oscillations on the Earth.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
Successful reduction of premature mortality in the Russian Federation and the countries around the Baltic Sea working together on Health and Social Well-being
Creators: name: Chernyavskiy, Valery
name: Wenzel, Helmut
name: Mikhailova, Julia
name: Ivanova, Alla
name: Zemlyanova, Elena
name: Bjegovic-Mikanovic, Vesna
name: Mikhailov, Alexander
name: Laaser, Ulrich
Publisher: name: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH)
Year: 2019

description: Context: The ‘Northern Dimension on Public Health and Social Well-being’ is a platform for dialogue and cooperation of countries around the Baltic Sea, established in 2003, guided by the Sustainable Development Goal 3 on Health and Social Well-being and the Strategy for the Baltic Sea Region of the European Union adopted in 2009. In this paper we determine the overall progress of the Russian Federation and its North West Federal Okrugin in particular, with regard to the reduction of mortality. Methods: For the purpose of inter-country comparison and progress over time we make use of age-standardised Potential Years of Life Lost (PYLL) applied to quantifiable strategic targets, the Sustainable Development Goal 3 on Health and Social Well-being and the European Union Strategy of the Baltic Sea Region. A gap analysis is performed to determine whether the target achievement is in delay or on track. Results: With reference to the baseline of 2009 – corresponding to the most relevant recent period 2009-2020 respectively 2009-2030 – the Russian Federation as a whole is on track achieving the two strategic targets in advance by 2.7 years. For the North West Federal Okrug around St. Petersburg and Kaliningrad bordering the Baltic Sea the target achievement is estimated to be 4.8 and 10.8 years in advance of the deadlines 2020 and 2030. In comparison to the Baltic Sea states the Russian Federation takes a middle position after Estonia, Latvia and Finland. The early target achievement is confirmed if the period 2003-2020 respectively 2003-2030 is considered. Conclusion: Although the region is progressing there may be a slowdown towards 2030. A careful analysis is required to determine to which degree the activities of the Partnership for Health and Social Well-being have contributed to the success and what should be proposed to increase the impact on premature mortality.
description: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH), Volume XIII, 2020
Comparison and Evaluation of Different Leachate Treatment Processes for Chemical Oxygen Demand and Color Removals - Statistical Assessment
Creators: name: Amr, Salem S. Abu
name: Alkarkhi, Abbas F. M.
name: Yusri Yusup
name: Bashir, Mohammed J.K.
Publisher: name: Thai Society of Higher Education Institutes on Environment
Year: 2019
Subjects: Stabilized leachate
Treatment
Oxidation
Analysis of variance (ANOVA)
Tukey๊s test.

description: EnvironmentAsia, 12, 1, 154-161
Supplementary Materials.docx
Creators: name: 王, 浩锋
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 321502
subject: Obstetrics and gynaecology
classificationCode: 321501
subject: Foetal development and medicine

description: This data is an Online Supplemental Material of my research published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, entitled “Effect of thyroid function on offspring neurodevelopment in people receiving ART therapy: a prospective cohort study”.
A randomized controlled trial to assess the central hemodynamic response to exercise in patients with transient ischaemic attack and minor stroke
Creators: name: Lanford,
name: Lambrick,
name: Allan,
name: Wong,
name: Stoner,
name: Faulkner,
name: Woolley,
name: Tzeng,
name: O'Donnell,
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Early exercise engagement elicits meaningful changes in peripheral blood pressure in patients diagnosed with transient ischaemic attack (TIA) or minor stroke. However, central hemodynamic markers may provide clinicians with important diagnostic and prognostic information beyond that provided by peripheral blood pressure readings. The purpose of this single-centre, randomized, parallel-group clinical trial was to determine the effect of a 12-week aerobic exercise intervention on central and peripheral hemodynamic variables in patients with TIA or minor stroke. In this study, 47 participants (66±10 years) completed a baseline assessment, which involved the measurement of central and peripheral hemodynamic parameters, undertaken in the morning, in a fasted state. Participants were randomized to either a 12-week exercise or control group on completion of the baseline assessment. An identical follow-up assessment was completed post intervention. Central hemodynamic variables were assessed using an oscillometric device at both assessments. Analysis of covariance demonstrated a significant interaction for central and peripheral blood pressure and augmentation index (all P<0.05; ηp2.09–.11), with the exercise group presenting lower values than the control group post intervention (118±17 vs 132±28 mm Hg for central blood pressure; 125±19 vs 138±28 mm Hg for peripheral blood pressure; 104±49 vs 115±67% for augmentation index). The present study demonstrates that participation in an exercise program soon after stroke/TIA diagnosis may elicit significant beneficial changes to a patient's central systolic blood pressure and augmentation index. This may positively impact upon the treatment strategies implemented by clinicians in the care of patients with TIA and minor stroke.
Additional file 1 of Short- versus long-course antibiotic therapy for sepsis: a post hoc analysis of the nationwide cohort study
Creators: name: Takahashi, Nozomi
name: Imaeda, Taro
name: Nakada, Taka‑aki
name: Oami, Takehiko
name: Abe, Toshikazu
name: Yamao, Yasuo
name: Nakagawa, Satoshi
name: Ogura, Hiroshi
name: Shime, Nobuaki
name: Matsushima, Asako
name: Fushimi, Kiyohide
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Baseline characteristics. Table S2. Baseline characteristics for sensitivity analysis (2012 to 2016). Table S3. Patient characteristics between non-reinitiated or reinitiated antibiotics group. Table S4. Multiple regression analysis for medical cost. Table S5. Analysis for 28-day mortality in each focus by Cox regression analysis. Figure S1. Kaplan–Meier curve for 28-day mortality between short and long-course group in the cohort between 2012 and 2016
Applying recovery biomarkers to calibrate self-report measures of sodium and potassium in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos
Creators: name: Sotres-Alvarez,
name: Loria,
name: Van Horn,
name: Lora,
name: Mossavar-Rahmani,
name: Kaplan,
name: Alderman,
name: Beasley,
name: Shaw,
name: Siega-Riz,
name: Wong,
name: Gellman,
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Measurement error in assessment of sodium and potassium intake obscures associations with health outcomes. The level of this error in a diverse US Hispanic/Latino population is unknown.
Effects of the VACES particle concentrator on secondary organic aerosol and ambient particle composition
Creators: name: Wingen, L. M.
name: Herman, D. A.
name: Keebaugh, A.
name: Montoya, G.
name: Renusch, S. R.
name: Finlayson-Pitts, B. J.
name: Kleinman, M. T.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: The effects of concentrating particles using the Versatile Aerosol Concentration Enrichment System (VACES) were investigated with a focus on the organic particle composition. The VACES uses water condensation to grow particles and allow enrichment in particle concentrations by virtual impaction, followed by diffusion drying to remove excess liquid water. Aerosol mass spectrometry was used to compare the submicron organic composition before and after the VACES for laboratory-generated secondary organic aerosol (SOA) from ozonolysis of α-pinene as well as ambient particles. Size distributions were retained after the VACES for both types of samples. SOA particles showed evidence of high molecular weight compounds forming after enrichment, suggesting that some oligomerization occurs during the water condensation and/or evaporation stages, but with only slight changes in the elemental composition. Oligomerization was also observed for ambient particles, especially those with higher O/C in the accumulation mode. Ambient ultrafine particles with low O/C were not as efficiently enriched. Such composition changes in the organic fraction may be relevant to other methodologies where particles are grown through water uptake and then dried, as well as to atmospheric processes involving water uptake and evaporation. In the context of particle mass, the extent of oligomerization is small. However, given the widespread use of particle concentrators in health effects and particle composition studies, whether this impacts interpretation of health effects and particle composition data when using particle concentrators needs further exploration. Copyright © 2022 American Association for Aerosol Research
The Appropriate Biochemical Oxygen Demand Concentration for Designing Domestic Wastewater Treatment Plant
Creators: name: Thanawat Jinjaruk
name: Parkin Maskulrath
name: Charintip Choeihom
name: Chunkao, Kasem
Publisher: name: Thai Society of Higher Education Institutes on Environment
Year: 2019
Subjects: Domestic wastewater
BOD concentration
Wastewater treatment
Self-purification
Sewer system

description: EnvironmentAsia, 12, 1, 162-168
The Solar Minimum Eclipse of 2019 July 2: II. The First Absolute Brightness Measurements and MHD Model Predictions of Fe X, XI and XIV out to 3.4 Rs
Creators: name: Boe, Benjamin
name: Habbal, Shadia
name: Downs, Cooper
name: Druckmüller, Miloslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the spatially resolved absolute brightness of the Fe X, Fe XI and Fe XIV visible coronal emission lines from 1.08 to 3.4 $R_\odot$, observed during the 2019 July 2 total solar eclipse (TSE). The morphology of the corona was typical of solar minimum, with a dipole field dominance showcased by large polar coronal holes and a broad equatorial streamer belt. The Fe XI line is found to be the brightest, followed by Fe X and Fe XIV (in disk $B_\odot$ units). All lines had brightness variations between streamers and coronal holes, where Fe XIV exhibited the largest variation. However, Fe X remained surprisingly uniform with latitude. The Fe line brightnesses are used to infer the relative ionic abundances and line of sight averaged electron temperature ($T_e$) throughout the corona, yielding values from 1.25 - 1.4 MK in coronal holes up to 1.65 MK in the core of streamers. The line brightnesses and inferred $T_e$ values are then quantitatively compared to the PSI Magnetohydrodynamic model prediction for this TSE. The MHD model predicted the Fe lines rather well in general, while the forward modeled line ratios slightly underestimated the observationally inferred $T_e$ within 5 to 10 % averaged over the entire corona. Larger discrepancies in the polar coronal holes may point to insufficient heating and/or other limitations in the approach. These comparisons highlight the importance of TSE observations for constraining models of the corona and solar wind formation.
description: 19 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Additional file 1 of Medical specialists’ attitudes and practices towards childhood vaccination: a qualitative study in Armenia
Creators: name: Jackson, Cath
name: Nielsen, Siff Malue
name: Simonyan, Brigida
name: Kirakosyan, Marine
name: Hovhannisyan, Marine
name: Sahakyan, Gayane
name: Habersaat, Katrine Bach
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1
Cadmium body burden and increased blood pressure in middle-aged American Indians: the Strong Heart Study
Creators: name: Tellez-Plaza,
name: Balakrishnan,
name: Oliver-Williams,
name: Fry,
name: Navas-Acien,
name: Cole,
name: Howard,
name: Howard,
name: Lange,
name: Best,
name: Goessler,
name: Francesconi,
name: Franceschini,
name: Umans,
name: Haack,
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Cadmium is an environmental pollutant that has been associated with cardiovascular disease in populations, but the relationship of cadmium with hypertension has been inconsistent. We studied the association between urinary cadmium concentrations, a measure of total body burden, and blood pressure in American Indians, a U.S. population with above national average cadmium burden. Urinary cadmium (Cd) was measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and adjusted for urinary creatinine concentration. Among 3,714 middle-aged American Indian participants of the Strong Heart Study (mean age 56 years, 41% male, 67% ever-smokers, 23% taking anti-hypertensive medications), urinary Cd ranged from 0.01 to 78.48 μg/g creatinine (geometric mean=0.94 μg/g) and it was correlated with smoking pack-year among ever-smokers (r2=0.16, P<0.0001). Participants who were smokers were on average light smokers (mean 10.8 pack-years), and urinary Cd was similarly elevated in light- and never-smokers (geometric means of 0.88 μg/g creatinine for both categories). Log-transformed urinary Cd was significantly associated with higher systolic blood pressure in models adjusted for age, sex, geographic area, body mass index, smoking (ever vs. never, and cumulative pack-years) and kidney function (mean blood pressure difference by lnCd concentration [β]=1.64, P=0.002). These associations were present among light- and never-smokers (β=2.03, P=0.002, n=2,627), although not significant among never-smokers (β=1.22, P=0.18, n=1,260). Cd was also associated with diastolic blood pressure among light- and never-smokers (β=0.94, P=0.004). These findings suggest there is a relationship between cadmium body burden and increased blood pressure in American Indians, a population with increased cardiovascular disease risk.
Geometric measures of quantum correlations: characterization, quantification, and comparison by distances and operations
Creators: name: Roga, Wojciech
name: Spehner, Dominique
name: Illuminati, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate and compare three distinguished geometric measures of bipartite quantum correlations that have been recently introduced in the literature: the geometric discord, the measurement-induced geometric discord, and the discord of response, each one defined according to three contractive distances on the set of quantum states, namely the trace, Bures, and Hellinger distances. We establish a set of exact algebraic relations and inequalities between the different measures. In particular, we show that the geometric discord and the discord of response based on the Hellinger distance are easy to compute analytically for all quantum states whenever the reference subsystem is a qubit. These two measures thus provide the first instance of discords that are simultaneously fully computable, reliable (since they satisfy all the basic Axioms that must be obeyed by a proper measure of quantum correlations), and operationally viable (in terms of state distinguishability). We apply the general mathematical structure to determine the closest classical-quantum state of a given state and the maximally quantum-correlated states at fixed global state purity according to the different distances, as well as a necessary condition for a channel to be quantumness breaking.
description: 36 pages, 5 figures; the third version differs from the first one by some added references and marginal modifications, and from the second one by some minor corrected typos
TUVO-21acq: a new cataclysmic variable discovered through a UV outburst
Creators: name: Modiano, David
name: Wijnands, Rudy
name: Buckley, David A. H.
name: Gromadzki, Mariusz
name: Verberne, Sill
name: van Etten, Marieke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Outbursts from cataclysmic variables, such as dwarf novae (DNe), are prevalent throughout the galaxy and are known to emit strongly in the ultraviolet (UV). However, the UV emission of DNe has not been studied extensively compared with the optical. Characterising in detail the physical processes responsible for DN outburst behaviour requires further UV data. Here we report, as part of our recently launched Transient UV Objects Project (TUVO), the discovery of TUVO-21acq, a new transient which we detected in the UV using data from the Ultraviolet Optical Telescope aboard Swift. We detected two separate outbursts and used the UV data to constrain source properties, focusing on the amplitudes and timescales of the outbursts. During the first outburst the source increased in brightness by >4.1, >2.4, and >3.5 magnitudes and during the second outburst by >4.4, >3.4, and >3.6 magnitudes in the UVW1, UVM2, and UVW2 bands, respectively. The outburst durations were in the range 6-21 days and 11-46 days, and the recurrence time is <316 days. We additionally obtained an optical spectrum during quiescence with SALT. The spectrum exhibited hydrogen Balmer series and helium emission lines, and a flat overall spectral shape. We confirm the nature of the source as an accreting white dwarf which underwent DN outburst based on photometric and spectroscopic properties. This study serves as a proof-of-concept for the TUVO project strategy, demonstrating its capability of discovering and classifying new, interesting UV transients. We discuss the implications of our findings for our understanding of the physics underlying DN outbursts, in particular with respect to the UV emission. We examine the need for simultaneous UV and optical observations during the onset of DN outbursts in order to help answer remaining questions, for example in the characteristics and implications of the UV delay.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics (date of acceptance: 19/06/2022)
Evaluation of Dissolved Oxygen Stratification in an Oxidation Pond for Community Wastewater Treatment through King๊s Royally Initiated Nature by Nature" Process
Creators: name: Ruthairat Noikondee
name: Chunkao, Kasem
name: Bualert, Surat
name: Tanit Pattamapitoon
Publisher: name: Thai Society of Higher Education Institutes on Environment
Year: 2019
Subjects: Dissolved oxygen and temperature stratification
Oxidation pond
Community wastewater treatment

description: EnvironmentAsia, 12, 1, 169-177
title: Facilitators and barriers to the use of economic evaluations in nutrition and public health
Creators: name: Lafranconi, Alessandra
Publisher: name: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH)
Year: 2020

description: Aims: Interventions targeting diets have the potential to reduce a consistent fraction of the chronic disease burden. Economic evaluations of such interventions can be an important tool in guiding public health practitioners and decision makers at various levels, yet there are still not many economic evaluations in this area. This qualitative study explored facilitators and barriers in conducting and using economic analyses to inform decision makers in the field of public health nutrition. Methods: Data were collected through written, open-ended questionnaires administered to twenty-three participants (13 from academia and 10 from government) using purposive sampling and analysed through a conventional content analysis. Results: The analysis revealed two broad categories of barriers, which included: i) “Methodological challenges”, and; ii) “Barriers related to application of economic evaluations.” Two main categories of facilitators were also identified: i) “Facilitators to improving the methodology of economic evaluations”, with subcategories further detailing frameworks and methods to be applied, and; ii) “Facilitators to broaden the use of economic evaluations”, with most subcategories addressing science-into-policy translations. These barriers and facilitators to the use of economic evaluations in public health are perceived differently by researchers and policymakers, the former more focused on implementation aspects, the latter more concerned by methodological gaps. Conclusion: Public health nutrition policies seldom take into account data from formal economic evaluations. Economic evaluation methodologies can be improved to ensure their broader application to decision making. Keywords: economic evaluations, interviews, nutrition, public health, public policy. Conflicts of interest: None declared. Acknowledgements: The work of AL is partially supported by a Jean Monnet Erasmus+ grant (574376-EPP-1-2016-1-IT-EPPJMO-MODULE).
description: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH), Volume XIII, 2019
Additional file 4 of Explanation of hand, foot, and mouth disease cases in Japan using Google Trends before and during the COVID-19: infodemiology study
Creators: name: Niu, Qian
name: Liu, Junyu
name: Zhao, Zixi
name: Onishi, Miyu
name: Kawaguchi, Asuka
name: Bandara, Anuradhi
name: Harada, Keiko
name: Aoyama, Tomoki
name: Nagai-Tanima, Momoko
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4. Cross-correlation coefficients and model specification formulas.
The role of highly vibrationally excited H2 initiating the N chemistry: Quantum study and 3-sigma detection of NH emission in the Orion Bar PDR
Creators: name: Goicoechea, Javier R.
name: Roncero, Octavio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formation of hydrides by gas-phase reactions between H2 and a heavy element atom is a very selective process. Reactions with ground-state neutral carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur atoms are very endoergic and have high energy barriers because the H2 molecule has to be fragmented before a hydride bond is formed. In cold interstellar clouds, these barriers exclude the formation of CH, OH, NH, and SH radicals through hydrogen abstraction reactions. Here we study a very energetically unfavorable process, the reaction of N(4S) atoms with H2 molecules. We calculated the reaction rate coefficient for H2 in different vibrational levels, using quantum methods for v=0-7 and quasi-classical methods up to v=12. Owing to the high energy barrier, these rate coefficients increase with v and also with the gas temperature. We implemented the new rates in the Meudon PDR code and studied their effect on models with different ultraviolet (UV) illumination conditions. In strongly UV-irradiated dense gas (Orion Bar conditions), the presence of H2 in highly vibrationally excited levels (v>7) enhances the NH abundance by two orders of magnitude (at the PDR surface) compared to models that use the thermal rate coefficient for reaction N(4S) + H2 -> NH + H. The increase in NH column density across the PDR is a factor of ~25. We explore existing Herschel/HIFI observations of the Orion Bar and Horsehead PDRs. We report a 3-sigma emission feature at the ~974 GHz frequency of the NH N_J=1_2-0_1 line toward the Bar. The emission level implies N(NH)~10^13 cm^-2, which is consistent with PDR models using the new rate coefficients for reactions between N and UV-pumped H2. This formation route dominates over hydrogenation reactions involving the less abundant N+ ion. JWST observations will soon quantify the amount and reactivity of UV-pumped H2 in many interstellar and circumstellar environments.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics. 14 pages
Practical security bounds against the Trojan-horse attack in quantum key distribution
Creators: name: Lucamarini, Marco
name: Choi, Iris
name: Ward, Martin B.
name: Dynes, James F.
name: Yuan, Zhiliang
name: Shields, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the quantum version of a Trojan-horse attack, photons are injected into the optical modules of a quantum key distribution system in an attempt to read information direct from the encoding devices. To stop the Trojan photons, the use of passive optical components has been suggested. However, to date, there is no quantitative bound that specifies such components in relation to the security of the system. Here, we turn the Trojan-horse attack into an information leakage problem. This allows us quantify the system security and relate it to the specification of the optical elements. The analysis is supported by the experimental characterization, within the operation regime, of reflectivity and transmission of the optical components most relevant to security.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures. Some typos corrected
Determining the Sintering Kinetics of Fe and FexOy-Nanoparticles in a Well-defined Model Flow Reactor
Creators: name: Rosenberger, T.
name: Skenderović, I.
name: Sellmann, J.
name: Wollny, P.
name: Levish, A.
name: Wlokas, I.
name: Kempf, A.
name: Winterer, M.
name: Kruis, F. E.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: A model flow reactor provides a narrow particle temperature-residence time distribution with well-defined conditions and is mandatory to measure changes of the particle structure precisely. The experimental data of iron and iron oxide agglomerates are used to determine the sintering kinetics considering the temperature-time history of the particles. Thousand particle trajectories are tracked in a validated CFD model at three different furnace temperatures each. Strongly agglomerated particles with a small primary particle size (∼4 nm) are synthesized by spark discharge and are size-selected (25–250 nm) before sintering. The structure development is measured simultaneously with different online instrumentations and the structure calculated by means of structure models. A simple sintering model, based on the reduction of surface energy, is numerically quantified with the experimental results. The surface of the particles is strongly dependent on the primary particle size and the agglomerate structure. The chemical phase is analyzed using the offline techniques XANES, XRD, and EELS. It is observed that the addition of hydrogen led to a reduction of iron oxide to iron nanoparticles and to changes of the sinter kinetics. The sintering exponent m=1 was found to be optimal. For Fe, an activation energy Ea of 59.15 kJ/mol and a pre-exponential factor As of 1.57 104 s/m were found, for Fe3O4 an activation energy Ea of 55.22 kJ/mol and a pre-exponential factor As of 2.54 104 s/m.
Active Temporal Multiplexing of Indistinguishable Heralded Single Photons
Creators: name: Xiong, C.
name: Zhang, X.
name: Liu, Z.
name: Collins, M. J.
name: Mahendra, A.
name: Helt, L. G.
name: Steel, M. J.
name: Choi, D. -Y.
name: Chae, C. J.
name: Leong, P. H. W.
name: Eggleton, B. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is a fundamental challenge in quantum optics to deterministically generate indistinguishable single photons through non-deterministic nonlinear optical processes, due to the intrinsic coupling of single- and multi-photon generation probabilities in these processes. Actively multiplexing photons generated in many temporal modes can decouple these probabilities, but key issues are to minimize resource requirements to allow scalability, and to ensure indistinguishability of the generated photons. We demonstrate the multiplexing of photons from four temporal modes solely using fiber-integrated optics and off-the-shelf electronic circuits. We show a 100% enhancement to the single photon output probability without introducing additional multi-photon noise. Photon indistinguishability is confirmed by a four-fold Hong-Ou-Mandel quantum interference with a 91% visibility. Our demonstration paves the way for scalable multiplexing of many non-deterministic photon sources to a single near-deterministic source, which will be of benefit to future quantum photonic technologies.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
Caffeine intake antagonizes salt sensitive hypertension through improvement of renal sodium handling
Creators: name: Yu, Hao
name: Wei, Xiao
name: Liu, Daoyan
name: Zhao, Yu
name: Zhang, Hexuan
name: Zhu, Zhiming
name: Li, Li
name: Chen, Jing
name: Shang, Qianhui
name: Gao, Peng
name: Xiong, Shiqiang
name: Yang, Tao
name: Wei, Xing
name: Lu, Zongshi
name: Arendshorst, William J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: High salt intake is a major risk factor for hypertension. Although acute caffeine intake produces moderate diuresis and natriuresis, caffeine increases the blood pressure (BP) through activating sympathetic activity. However, the long-term effects of caffeine on urinary sodium excretion and blood pressure are rarely investigated. Here, we investigated whether chronic caffeine administration antagonizes salt sensitive hypertension by promoting urinary sodium excretion. Dahl salt-sensitive (Dahl-S) rats were fed with high salt diet with or without 0.1% caffeine in drinking water for 15 days. The BP, heart rate and locomotor activity of rats was analyzed and urinary sodium excretion was determined. The renal epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC) expression and function were measured by in vivo and in vitro experiments. Chronic consumption of caffeine attenuates hypertension induced by high salt without affecting sympathetic nerve activity in Dahl-S rats. The renal α-ENaC expression and ENaC activity of rats decreased after chronic caffeine administration. Caffeine increased phosphorylation of AMPK and decrease α-ENaC expression in cortical collecting duct cells. Inhibiting AMPK abolished the effect of caffeine on α-ENaC. Chronic caffeine intake prevented the development of salt-sensitive hypertension through promoting urinary sodium excretion, which was associated with activation of renal AMPK and inhibition of renal tubular ENaC.
Recursive computation of Feynman periods
Creators: name: Borinsky, Michael
name: Schnetz, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Feynman periods are Feynman integrals that do not depend on external kinematics. Their computation, which is necessary for many applications of quantum field theory, is greatly facilitated by graphical functions or the equivalent conformal four-point integrals. We describe a set of transformation rules that act on such functions and allow their recursive computation in arbitrary even dimensions. As a concrete example we compute all subdivergence-free Feynman periods in $ϕ^3$ theory up to six loops and 561 of 607 Feynman periods at seven loops. Our results support the conjectured existence of a coaction structure in quantum field theory and suggest that $ϕ^3$ and $ϕ^4$ theory share the same number content.
description: 45 pages + long appendix with 700+ Feynman graphs; a list of phi^3 periods up to 9 loops is attached as ancillary file; v2: historical remarks added, accepted version to appear in JHEP
Facilitators and barriers to the use of economic evaluations in nutrition and public health
Creators: name: Lafranconi, Alessandra
name: Meusel, Vera
name: Caldeira, Sandra
name: Babich, Suzanne
name: Czabanowska, Katarzyna
Publisher: name: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH)
Year: 2020

description: Aims: Interventions targeting diets have the potential to reduce a consistent fraction of the chronic disease burden. Economic evaluations of such interventions can be an important tool in guiding public health practitioners and decision makers at various levels, yet there are still not many economic evaluations in this area. This qualitative study explored facilitators and barriers in conducting and using economic analyses to inform decision makers in the field of public health nutrition. Methods: Data were collected through written, open-ended questionnaires administered to twenty-three participants (13 from academia and 10 from government) using purposive sampling and analysed through a conventional content analysis. Results: The analysis revealed two broad categories of barriers, which included: i) “Methodological challenges”, and; ii) “Barriers related to application of economic evaluations.” Two main categories of facilitators were also identified: i) “Facilitators to improving the methodology of economic evaluations”, with subcategories further detailing frameworks and methods to be applied, and; ii) “Facilitators to broaden the use of economic evaluations”, with most subcategories addressing science-into-policy translations. These barriers and facilitators to the use of economic evaluations in public health are perceived differently by researchers and policymakers, the former more focused on implementation aspects, the latter more concerned by methodological gaps. Conclusion: Public health nutrition policies seldom take into account data from formal economic evaluations. Economic evaluation methodologies can be improved to ensure their broader application to decision making. Conflicts of interest: None declared. Acknowledgements: The work of AL is partially supported by a Jean Monnet Erasmus+ grant (574376-EPP-1-2016-1-IT-EPPJMO-MODULE).
description: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH), Volume XIII, 2020
Gender Disparity in Publishing Six Months after the KITP Workshop "Probes of Transport in Stars"
Creators: name: Joyce, Meridith
name: Tayar, Jamie
name: Lecoanet, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Conferences and workshops shape scientific discourse. The Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics (KITP) hosts long-term workshops to stimulate scientific collaboration that would not otherwise have taken place. One goal of KITP programs is to increase diversity in the next generation of scientists. In this analysis, we examine gender trends in authorship of papers generated as a result of the KITP program \textit{Probes of Transport in Stars}, which ran from October 11th, 2021 to December 17th, 2021. While 38\% of workshop participants were women, only 19\% of publications produced between December 1st, 2021 and June 3rd, 2022 had female first-authors. Further, of these early publications, 61\% had all-male author lists. Among publications resulting from the KITP program, the proportions of both male first-author papers and papers with all-male author lists are higher than predicted by models that take into account the gender distribution of the KITP participants. These results motivate more thorough investigations of collaboration networks at scientific conferences and workshops. Importantly, they also suggest that programs, conferences, and workshops of any kind need to take steps beyond those implemented in this KITP program to enable more diverse collaborations and address gender disparities in science.
description: submitted to PASP. Comments and discussion welcome