cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
An Empirical Study of End-user Programmers in the Computer Music Community
Creators: Burlet, G.
Hindle, Abram
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2015

Computer musicians are a community of end-user programmers who often use visual programming languages such as Max/MSP or Pure Data to realize their musical compositions. This research study conducts a multifaceted analysis of the software development practices of computer musicians when programming in these visual music-oriented languages. A statistical analysis of project metadata harvested from software repositories hosted on GitHub reveals that in comparison to the general population of software developers, computer musicians' repositories have less commits, less frequent commits, more commits on weekends, yet similar numbers of bug reports and similar numbers of contributing authors. Analysis of source code in these repositories reveals that the vast majority of code can be reconstructed from duplicate fragments. Finally, these results are corroborated by a survey of computer musicians and interviews with individuals in this end-user community. Based on this analysis and feedback from computer musicians we find that there are many avenues where software engineering can be applied to help aid this community of end-user programmers.
Exact solutions for the electromagnetic fields of a flying focus
Creators: name: Ramsey, D.
name: Di Piazza, A.
name: Formanek, M.
name: Franke, P.
name: Froula, D. H.
name: Malaca, B.
name: Mori, W. B.
name: Pierce, J. R.
name: Simpson, T. T.
name: Vieira, J.
name: Vranic, M.
name: Weichman, K.
name: Palastro, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The intensity peak of a "flying focus" travels at a programmable velocity over many Rayleigh ranges while maintaining a near-constant profile. Assessing the extent to which these features can enhance laser-based applications requires an accurate description of the electromagnetic fields. Here we present exact analytical solutions to Maxwell's equations for the electromagnetic fields of a constant-velocity flying focus, generalized for arbitrary polarization and orbital angular momentum. The approach combines the complex source-point method, which transforms multipole solutions into beam-like solutions, with the Lorentz invariance of Maxwell's equations. Propagating the fields backward in space reveals the space-time profile that an optical assembly must produce to realize these fields in the laboratory. Comparisons with simpler paraxial solutions provide conditions for their reliable use when modeling a flying focus.
Comparison of Multiobjective Optimization Methods for the LCLS-II Photoinjector
Creators: name: Neveu, Nicole
name: Chang, Tyler H.
name: Franz, Paris
name: Hudson, Stephen
name: Larson, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Particle accelerators are among some of the largest science experiments in the world and can consist of thousands of components with a wide variety of input ranges. These systems can easily become unwieldy optimization problems during design and operations studies. Starting in the early 2000s, searching for better beam dynamics configurations became synonymous with heuristic optimization methods in the accelerator physics community. Genetic algorithms and particle swarm optimization are currently the most widely used. These algorithms can take thousands of simulation evaluations to find optimal solutions for one machine prototype. For large facilities such as the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) and others, this equates to a limited exploration of many possible design configurations. In this paper, the LCLS-II photoinjector is optimized with three optimization algorithms. All optimizations were started from both a uniform random and Latin hypercube sample. In all cases, the optimizations started from Latin hypercube samples outperformed optimizations started from uniform samples. All three algorithms were able to optimize the photoinjector, with the model-based methods approximating the Pareto front in fewer simulation evaluations. This work, in combination with previous optimization observations, indicates objective penalties have a strong impact on the efficiency of such methods. In general, we recommend heuristic methods for initial optimizations and model-based methods when information about the objective space is available.
How to sustain the terrestrial biosphere in the Anthropocene? A thermodynamic Earth system perspective
Creators: name: Kleidon, Axel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many aspects of anthropogenic global change, such as land cover change, biodiversity loss and the intensification of agricultural production, threaten the natural biosphere. These aspects seem somewhat disjunct and specific so that it is hard to obtain a bigger picture of what these changes imply and to distinguish beneficial from detrimental human impacts. Here I describe a holistic approach that provides such a bigger picture and use it to understand how the terrestrial biosphere can be sustained in the presence of increased human activities. This approach focuses on the free energy generated by photosynthesis, energy needed to sustain either the dissipative metabolic activity of ecosystems or human activities, with the generation rate being set by the physical constraints of the environment. We can then distinguish two kinds of human impacts on the biosphere: detrimental effects caused by enhanced human consumption of this free energy, and empowering effects that allow for more photosynthetic activity and therefore more dissipative activity of the biosphere. I use examples from the terrestrial biosphere to illustrate this view as well as global datasets to show how this can be estimated. I then discuss how certain aspects of human-made technology can act to enhance the free energy generation of the terrestrial biosphere, which can then facilitate sustaining the biosphere in times at which human activity increasingly shapes the functioning of the Earth system.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures
Linear growth of structure in massive gravity
Creators: name: Kulchoakrungsun, Ekapob
name: Mukherjee, Ananya
name: Agarwal, Nishant
name: Pullen, Anthony R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study background dynamics and the growth of matter perturbations in the extended quasidilaton setup of massive gravity. For the analysis of perturbations, we first choose a scalar field matter component and obtain the conditions under which all scalar perturbations are stable. We work in unitary gauge for the matter field, which allows us to directly map to known results in the limit of general relativity. By performing a parameter search, we find that the perturbations are unstable in general, while a particular choice of potential, where the scalar field effectively behaves like pressureless matter, allows for stable perturbations. We next consider the growth of matter perturbations in a cold dark matter-dominated Universe. Working in conformal Newtonian gauge, we obtain evolution equations for various observables including the growth factor and growth rate, and find scale-independent growth in the quasistatic and subhorizon approximations. We finally show how the Hubble parameter and matter perturbations evolve in massive gravity for a specific choice of parameter values, and how this evolution compares to the standard cosmological model consisting of a cosmological constant and cold dark matter.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures. Mathematica notebook supplement is enclosed in the source file
Creation of non-classical states of light in a chiral waveguide
Creators: name: Kleinbeck, Kevin
name: Busche, Hannes
name: Stiesdal, Nina
name: Hofferberth, Sebastian
name: Mølmer, Klaus
name: Büchler, Hans Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Creating non-classical states of light from simple quantum systems together with classical resources is a challenging problem. We show how chiral emitters under a coherent drive can generate non-classical photon states. For our analysis, we select a specific temporal mode in the transmitted light field, resulting in a coupled master equation for the relevant mode and the chiral emitters. We characterise the mode's state by its Wigner function and show that the emission from the system predominantly produces mixtures of few-photon-added coherent states. We argue that these non-classical states are experimentally accessible and show their application for quantum metrology.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Spin echo silencing using a current-biased frequency-tunable resonator
Creators: name: Ranjan, V.
name: Wen, Y.
name: Keyser, A. K. V.
name: Kubatkin, S. E.
name: Danilov, A. V.
name: Lindström, T.
name: Bertet, P.
name: de Graaf, S. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ability to control microwave emission from a spin ensemble is a requirement of several quantum memory protocols. Here, we demonstrate such ability by using a resonator whose frequency can be rapidly tuned with a bias current. We store excitations in an ensemble of rare-earth-ions and suppress on-demand the echo emission (`echo silencing') by two methods: 1) detuning the resonator during the spin rephasing, and 2) subjecting spins to magnetic field gradients generated by the bias current itself. We also show that spin coherence is preserved during silencing.
description: 11 pages, 5 main figures + supplementary
The oral bacterial microbiome of occlusal surfaces in children and its association with diet and caries
Creators: name: Butz, Natasha
name: Cadenas, Maria Belen
name: Chen, Tsute
name: Ribeiro, Apoena Aguiar
name: Paster, Bruce J.
name: Azcarate-Peril, Maria Andrea
name: Bair, Eric
name: Arnold, Roland R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Dental caries is the most prevalent disease in humans globally. Efforts to control it have been invigorated by an increasing knowledge of the oral microbiome composition. This study aimed to evaluate the bacterial diversity in occlusal biofilms and its relationship with clinical surface diagnosis and dietary habits. Anamneses were recorded from thirteen 12-year-old children. Biofilm samples collected from occlusal surfaces of 46 permanent second molars were analyzed by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing combined with the BLASTN-based search algorithm for species identification. The overall mean decayed, missing and filled surfaces modified index [DMFSm Index, including active white spot lesions (AWSL)] value was 8.77±7.47. Biofilm communities were highly polymicrobial collectively, representing 10 bacterial phyla, 25 classes, 29 orders, 58 families, 107 genera, 723 species. Streptococcus sp_Oral_Taxon_065, Corynebacterium matruchotii, Actinomyces viscosus, Actinomyces sp_Oral_Taxon_175, Actinomyces sp_Oral_Taxon_178, Actinomyces sp_Oral_Taxon_877, Prevotella nigrescens, Dialister micraerophilus, Eubacterium_XI G 1 infirmum were more abundant among surfaces with AWSL, and Streptococcus gordonii, Streptococcus sp._Oral_Taxon_058, Enterobacter sp._str._638 Streptococcus australis, Yersinia mollaretii, Enterobacter cloacae, Streptococcus sp._Oral_Taxon_71, Streptococcus sp._Oral_Taxon_F11, Centipeda sp._Oral_Taxon_D18 were more abundant among sound surfaces. Streptococcus mutans was detected on all surfaces in all patients, while Streptococcus sobrinus was detected only in three patients (mean relative abundances 7.1% and 0.6%, respectively). Neither species differentiated healthy from diseased sites. Diets of nine of the subjects were scored as high in fermentable carbohydrates (≧2X/day between meals). A direct association between relative abundances of bacteria and carbohydrate consumption was observed among 18 species. High consumption of fermentable carbohydrates and sound surfaces were associated with a reduction in bacterial diversity. PCoA plots displayed differences in bacterial community profiles between sound and diseased surfaces. Our study showed that, in addition to mutans streptococci, other species may be associated with the initiation of dental caries on occlusal surfaces, and that biofilm diversity of tooth surfaces is influenced by carbohydrate consumption and a surface’s health status.
The Use of Functional Data Analysis to Evaluate Activity in a Spontaneous Model of Degenerative Joint Disease Associated Pain in Cats
Creators: name: Worth, Alicia C.
name: Gruen, Margaret E.
name: Staicu, Ana-Maria
name: Thomson, Andrea E.
name: Lascelles, B. Duncan X.
name: Alfaro-Córdoba, Marcela
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Accelerometry is used as an objective measure of physical activity in humans and veterinary species. In cats, one important use of accelerometry is in the study of therapeutics designed to treat degenerative joint disease (DJD) associated pain, where it serves as the most widely applied objective outcome measure. These analyses have commonly used summary measures, calculating the mean activity per-minute over days and comparing between treatment periods. While this technique has been effective, information about the pattern of activity in cats is lost. In this study, functional data analysis was applied to activity data from client-owned cats with (n = 83) and without (n = 15) DJD. Functional data analysis retains information about the pattern of activity over the 24-hour day, providing insight into activity over time. We hypothesized that 1) cats without DJD would have higher activity counts and intensity of activity than cats with DJD; 2) that activity counts and intensity of activity in cats with DJD would be inversely correlated with total radiographic DJD burden and total orthopedic pain score; and 3) that activity counts and intensity would have a different pattern on weekends versus weekdays.
The first direct measurement of gravitational potential decay rate at cosmological scales and improved dark energy constraint
Creators: name: Dong, Fuyu
name: Zhang, Pengjie
name: Sun, Zeyang
name: Park, Changbom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The integrated Sachs-Wolfe (ISW) effect probes the decay rate ($DR$) of large scale gravitational potential and therefore provides unique constraint on dark energy (DE). However its constraining power is degraded by the ISW measurement, which relies on cross-correlating with the large scale structure (LSS) and suffers from uncertainties in galaxy bias and matter clustering. In combination with lensing-LSS cross-correlation, $DR$ can be isolated in a way free of uncertainties in galaxy bias and matter clustering. We applied this proposal to the combination of the DR8 galaxy catalogue of DESI imaging surveys and Planck cosmic microwave background (CMB) maps. We achieved the first $DR$ measurement, with a total significance of $3.2σ$. We verified the measurements at three redshift bins ($[0.2,0.4)$, $[0.4, 0.6)$, $[0.6,0.8]$), with two LSS tracers (the "low-density points" and the conventional galaxy positions). Despite its relatively low S/N, the addition of $DR$ significantly improves dark energy constraints, over SDSS baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) data alone or Pantheon supernovae (SN) compilation alone. For flat $w$CDM cosmology, the improvement in the precision of $Ω_m$ is a factor of 1.8 over BAO and 1.5 over SN. For the DE equation of state $w$, the improvement factor is 1.3 over BAO and 1.4 over SN. These improvements demonstrate $DR$ as a useful cosmological probe, and therefore we advocate its usage in future cosmological analysis.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Dependence of the 27-Day Variation of Cosmic Rays on the Global Magnetic Field of the Sun
Creators: name: Modzelewska, R.
name: Alania, M. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the higher range of the heliolongitudinal asymmetry of the solar wind speed in the positive polarity period (Apos) than in the negative polarity period (Aneg) is one of the important reasons of the larger amplitudes of the 27-day variation of the galactic cosmic ray (GCR) intensity in the period of 1995-1997 (Apos) than in 1985-1987 (Aneg). Subsequently, different ranges of the heliolongitudinal asymmetry of the solar wind speed jointly with equally important corresponding drift effect are general causes of the polarity dependence of the amplitudes of the 27-day variation of the GCR intensity. At the same time, we show that the polarity dependence is feeble for the last unusual minimum epoch of solar activity 2007-2009 (Aneg); the amplitude of the 27-day variation of the GCR intensity shows only a tendency of the polarity dependence. We present a three dimensional (3-D) model of the 27-day variation of GCR based on the Parkers transport equation. In the 3-D model is implemented a longitudinal variation of the solar wind speed reproducing in situ measurements and corresponding divergence-free interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) derived from the Maxwells equations. We show that results of the proposed 3-D modeling of the 27-day variation of GCR intensity for different polarities of the solar magnetic cycle are in good agreement with the neutron monitors experimental data. To reach a compatibility of the theoretical modeling with observations for the last minimum epoch of solar activity 2007-2009 (Aneg) a parallel diffusion coefficient was increased by 40 percent
description: article published in Advances in Space Research (2012). arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1504.00778
A NuSTAR view of SS433: Precessional evolution of the jet-disk system
Creators: name: Fogantini, Federico A.
name: García, Federico
name: Combi, Jorge A.
name: Chaty, Sylvain
name: Martí, Josep
name: Escamilla, Pedro L. Luque
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SS433 is a Galactic microquasar with powerful outflows (double jet, accretion disk and winds) with well known orbital, precessional and nutational period. In this work we characterise different outflow parameters throughout the precessional cycle of the system. We analyse 10 NuSTAR ($3-70$ keV) observations of $\sim$30~ks that span $\sim$1.5 precessional cycles. We extract averaged spectra and model them using a combination of a double thermal jet model (bjet) and pure neutral and relativistic reflection (xillverCp and relxilllpCp) over an accretion disk. We find an average jet bulk velocity of $β= v/c \sim0.29$ with an opening angle of $\lesssim$6~degrees. Eastern jet kinetic power ranges from 1 to $10^{39}$~erg/s, with base "coronal" temperatures $T_o$ ranging between 14 and 18 keV. Nickel to iron abundances remain constant at $\sim$9 (within 1$σ$). The western to eastern jet flux ratio becomes $\sim1$ on intermediate phases, about 35% of the total precessional orbit. The $3-70$ keV total unabsorbed luminosity of the jet and disk ranges from 2 to 20 $\times$10$^{37}$~erg/s, with the disk reflection component contributing mainly to the hard $20-30$ keV excess and the stationary 6.7 keV ionized Fe line complex. At low opening angles $Θ$ we find that the jet expands sideways following an adiabatic expansion of a gas with temperature $T_o$. Finally, the central source and lower parts of the jet could be hidden by an optically thick region of $τ> 0.1$ and size $R\sim N_H/n_{e0}\sim1.5\times10^9$~cm$\sim$1700~$r_g$ for $M_{BH}=3~M_{\odot}$
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables. To be published in A&A
A Study on Kevin Lynch's Urban Design Elements: Precinct 9 East Putrajaya
Creators: name: Norul Fazlina Khashim
Publisher: name: TUENGR Group
Year: 2017
Subjects: Customer's needs
home product
internal cabinet
weight matrix
fuzzy evaluation.

description: International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies, 8, 3, 153-167
Divide (CPU Load) and Conquer: Semi-Flexible Cloud Resource Allocation
Creators: name: Przybylski, Bartłomiej
name: Żuk, Paweł
name: Rzadca, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cloud resource management is often modeled by two-dimensional bin packing with a set of items that correspond to tasks having fixed CPU and memory requirements. However, applications running in clouds are much more flexible: modern frameworks allow to (horizontally) scale a single application to dozens, even hundreds of instances; and then the load balancer can precisely divide the workload between them. We analyze a model that captures this (semi)-flexibility of cloud resource management. Each cloud application is characterized by its memory footprint and its momentary CPU load. Combining the scheduler and the load balancer, the resource manager decides how many instances of each application will be created and how the CPU load will be balanced between them. In contrast to the divisible load model, each instance of the application requires a certain amount of memory, independent of the number of instances. Thus, the resource manager effectively trades additional memory for more evenly balanced load. We study two objectives: the bin-packing-like minimization of the number of machines used; and the makespan-like minimization of the maximum load among all the machines. We prove NP-hardness of the general problems, but also propose polynomial-time exact algorithms for boundary special cases. Notably, we show that (semi)-flexibility may result in reducing the required number of machines by a tight factor of $2-\varepsilon$. For the general case, we propose heuristics that we validate by simulation on instances derived from the Azure trace.
Three-dimensional characterization of root morphology for maxillary incisors
Creators: name: Ahlbrecht, Carly A.
name: De Oliveira Ruellas, Antonio Carlos
name: Cevidanes, Lucia Helena Soares
name: Paniagua, Beatriz
name: McNamara, James A.
name: Schilling, Juan A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: The aim of this study was to test the reproducibility of three-dimensional (3D) surface models of maxillary incisors and to propose a characterization of root morphology. The sample was comprised of pre-treatment cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of fifty-five patients. The CBCTs were used to construct 3D surface models of the maxillary incisors. The reproducibility of surface models was tested by repeated construction of them by two observers. A 3D surface model that corresponded to the average of all lateral and all central incisors was generated. 3D surface distances and vector differences were calculated for each individual tooth and the average of the teeth considered. The corresponding points on the 3D surface mesh for each subgroup were compared statistically to those of the neutral subgroup using shape analysis MANCOVA and Hotelling’s t-statistic (p < 0.05). Repeated construction of surface models demonstrated adequate inter-rater reproducibility. The distribution of 3D models into root morphology subgroups was: blunt (11% and 26% of the central and lateral incisors, respectively), conical (15% of the central incisors), long (27% and 20% of the central and lateral incisors, respectively), and short (15% and 4% of the central and lateral incisors, respectively). Compared to the neutral average, statistically significant differences in root morphology were found for blunt, long, conical, and short central incisors and for blunt, long, and short lateral incisors. We can conclude that 3D surface models construction for upper incisors is reproducible. 3D shape analysis using CBCT images allows a phenotypic characterization of incisor root morphology.
2 TeV Walking Technirho at LHC?
Creators: name: Fukano, Hidenori S.
name: Kurachi, Masafumi
name: Matsuzaki, Shinya
name: Terashi, Koji
name: Yamawaki, Koichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ATLAS collaboration has recently reported an excess of about 2.5 $σ$ global significance at around 2 TeV in the diboson channel with the boson-tagged fat dijets, which may imply a new resonance beyond the standard model. We provide a possible explanation of the excess as the isospin-triplet technivector mesons (technirhos, denoted as $ρ_Π^{\pm,3}$) of the walking technicolor in the case of the one-family model as a benchmark. As the effective theory for the walking technicolor at the scales relevant to the LHC experiment, we take a scale-invariant version of the hidden local symmetry model so constructed as to accommodate technipions, technivector mesons, and the technidilaton in such a way that the model respects spontaneously broken chiral and scale symmetries of the underlying walking technicolor. In particular, the technidilaton, a (pseudo) Nambu-Goldstone boson of the (approximate) scale symmetry predicted in the walking technicolor, has been shown to be successfully identified with the 125 GeV Higgs. Currently available LHC limits on those technihadrons are used to fix the couplings of technivector mesons to the standard-model fermions and weak gauge bosons. We find that the technirho's are mainly produced through the Drell-Yan process and predominantly decay to the dibosons, which accounts for the currently reported excess at around 2 TeV. The consistency with the electroweak precision test and other possible discovery channels of the 2 TeV technirhos are also addressed.
description: 8 pages, 4 eps figures, latex; version to appear in PLB
Soft gluon-quark-antiquark emission in QCD hard scattering
Creators: name: Catani, Stefano
name: Cieri, Leandro
name: Colferai, Dimitri
name: Coradeschi, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the radiation of a soft gluon ($g$) and a soft quark-antiquark ($q{\bar q}$) pair in QCD hard scattering. In the soft limit the scattering amplitude has a singular behaviour that is factorized and controlled by a soft current, which has a process-independent structure in colour space. We evaluate the soft $gq{\bar q}$ current at the tree level for an arbitrary multiparton scattering process. The irreducible correlation component of the current includes strictly non-abelian terms and also terms with an abelian character. Analogous abelian correlations appear for soft photon-lepton-antilepton emission in QED. The squared current for soft $gq{\bar q}$ emission produces colour dipole and colour tripole interactions between the hard-scattering partons. The colour tripole interactions are odd under charge conjugation and lead to charge asymmetry effects. We consider the specific applications to processes with two and three hard partons, and we discuss the structure of the corresponding charge asymmetry contributions. We also generalize our QCD results to the cases of QED and mixed QCD$\times$QED radiative corrections.
description: 30 pages, 1 figure. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2108.13309
Nonextensive thermodynamic relations based on the assumption of temperature duality
Creators: name: Zheng, Yahui
name: Du, Jiulin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nonextensive thermodynamic relations are expressed under the assumption of temperature duality, endowing the "physical temperature" and the "Lagrange temperature" in different physical sense. Based on this assumption, two sets of parallel Legendre transform structures are given. One is called "physical" set, and the other called "Lagrange" set. In these two formalisms, the thermodynamic quantities and the thermodynamic relations are both liked through the Tsallis factor. Application of the two sets of the thermodynamic relations to the self-gravitating system shows that the heat capacity defined in the classical thermodynamics has no relevance to the stability of the system. Instead, the new defined heat capacity can determine the stability of the system.
description: 16 pages
Competitiveness Factors of Thai Construction Industry within the AEC Context: A Qualitative Approach
Creators: name: Watcharapong Deewong
Publisher: name: TUENGR Group
Year: 2017
Subjects: Thailand Construction
ASEAN Economic Community (AEC)
Construction competitiveness factor
Competitiveness Model .

description: International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies, 8, 3, 209-220
On the Time-Based Conclusion Stability of Cross-Project Defect Prediction Models
Creators: Bangash, A.
Sahar, H.
Hindle, Abram
Ali, K.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2020

Researchers in empirical software engineering often make claims based on observable data such as defect reports. Unfortunately, in many cases, these claims are generalized beyond the data sets that have been evaluated. Will the researcher’s conclusions hold a year from now for the same software projects? Perhaps not. Recent studies show that in the area of Software Analytics, conclusions over different data sets are usually inconsistent. In this article, we empirically investigate whether conclusions in the area of cross-project defect prediction truly exhibit stability throughout time or not. Our investigation applies a time-aware evaluation approach where models are trained only on the past, and evaluations are executed only on the future. Through this time-aware evaluation, we show that depending on which time period we evaluate defect predictors, their performance, in terms of F-Score, the area under the curve (AUC), and Mathews Correlation Coefficient (MCC), varies and their results are not consistent. The next release of a product, which is significantly different from its prior release, may drastically change defect prediction performance. Therefore, without knowing about the conclusion stability, empirical software engineering researchers should limit their claims of performance within the contexts of evaluation, because broad claims about defect prediction performance might be contradicted by the next upcoming release of a product under analysis.
Revisiting Dockerfiles in Open Source Software Over Time
Creators: Eng, K.
Hindle, Abram
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2021

Docker is becoming ubiquitous with containerization for developing and deploying applications. Previous studies have analyzed Dockerfiles that are used to create container images in order to better understand how to improve Docker tooling. These studies obtain Dockerfiles using either Docker Hub or Github. In this paper, we revisit the findings of previous studies using the largest set of Dockerfiles known to date with over 9.4 million unique Dockerfiles found in the World of Code infrastructure spanning from 2013-2020. We contribute a historical view of the Dockerfile format by analyzing the Docker engine changelogs and use the history to enhance our analysis of Dockerfiles. We also reconfirm previous findings of a downward trend in using OS images and an upward trend of using language images. As well, we reconfirm that Dockerfile smell counts are slightly decreasing meaning that Dockerfile authors are likely getting better at following best practices. Based on these findings, it indicates that previous analyses from prior works have been correct in many of their findings and their suggestions to build better tools for Docker image creation are further substantiated.
Surface excitations in the modelling of electron transport for electron- beam-induced deposition experiments
Creators: name: Salvat-Pujol, Francesc
name: Valenti, Roser
name: Werner, Wolfgang S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of the present overview article is to raise awareness of an essential aspect that is usually not accounted for in the modelling of electron transport for focused-electron-beam-induced deposition (FEBID) of nanostructures: surface excitations are on the one hand responsible for a sizeable fraction of the intensity in reflection-electron-energy-loss spectra for primary electron energies of up to a few keV and, on the other hand, they play a key role in the emission of secondary electrons from solids, regardless of the primary energy. In this overview work we present a general perspective of recent works on the subject of surface excitations and on low-energy electron transport, highlighting the most relevant aspects for the modelling of electron transport in FEBID simulations.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
Pseudo Entropy in dS/CFT and Time-like Entanglement Entropy
Creators: name: Doi, Kazuki
name: Harper, Jonathan
name: Mollabashi, Ali
name: Takayanagi, Tadashi
name: Taki, Yusuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study holographic entanglement entropy in dS/CFT and introduce time-like entanglement entropy in CFTs. Both of them take complex values in general and are related with each other via an analytical continuation. We argue that they are correctly understood as pseudo entropy. We find that the imaginary part of pseudo entropy implies an emergence of time in dS/CFT.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures. v2: References added, minor clarifications
What do developers know about machine learning: a study of ML discussions on StackOverflow
Creators: Bangash, A.A.
Sahar, H.
Chowdhury, S.
Wong, A.W.
Hindle, Abram
Ali, K.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2019

Machine learning, a branch of Artificial Intelligence, is now popular in software engineering community and is successfully used for problems like bug prediction, and software development effort estimation. Developers' understanding of machine learning, however, is not clear, and we require investigation to understand what educators should focus on, and how different online programming discussion communities can be more helpful. We conduct a study on Stack Overflow (SO) machine learning related posts using the SOTorrent dataset. We found that some machine learning topics are significantly more discussed than others, and others need more attention. We also found that topic generation with Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) can suggest more appropriate tags that can make a machine learning post more visible and thus can help in receiving immediate feedback from sites like SO.
Application of Confirmatory Factor Analysis in Government Construction Procurement Problems in Thailand
Creators: name: Tanayut Chaithongrat
Publisher: name: TUENGR Group
Year: 2017
Subjects: Evidence-based practices
Second Order Confirmatory Factor Analysis
CFA
Cronbach's Alpha Coefficient.
Goodness of Fit .

description: International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies, 8, 3, 221-231
First-order QCD transition in a primordial magnetic field
Creators: name: Cao, Gaoqing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recalling the expectation of an extremely strong primordial magnetic field $H$, we recheck transitions among the phases of chiral symmetry restoration ($χSR$), chiral symmetry breaking ($χSB$), and pion superfluidity ($πSF$)in the QCD epoch of the early Universe. For homogeneous phases in a finite $H$, a sensible scheme is adopted to determine the phase boundaries of $πSF$, which is also superconductivity phase itself. In the first part, the QCD phase diagrams are studied in detail within the chiral effective Polyakov-Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model and the transitions involving $πSF$ are found to be of first order at relatively small $H$. As expected from the Meissner effect, the regime of $πSF$ shrinks with increasing $H$ and completely vanishes beyond a threshold value. In the second part, the bubble dynamics is illuminated for the stronger first-order transition, $χSR\rightarrowπSF$, in the more convenient Polyakov-quark-meson model. The coupled equations of motion of pion condensate and magnetic field are solved consistently to give the bubble structure. Then, based on bubble collisions, we explore gravitational wave (GW) emission by developing a simple toy model in advance; and the characteristic frequency of the relic GW is estimated to be of the order $0.1-1\,{\rm K}$ or $10^9-10^{10}\,{\rm Hz}$ in our galaxy.
Detecting Context-Aware Deviations in Process Executions
Creators: name: Park, Gyunam
name: Benzin, Janik-Vasily
name: van der Aalst, Wil M. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A deviation detection aims to detect deviating process instances, e.g., patients in the healthcare process and products in the manufacturing process. A business process of an organization is executed in various contextual situations, e.g., a COVID-19 pandemic in the case of hospitals and a lack of semiconductor chip shortage in the case of automobile companies. Thus, context-aware deviation detection is essential to provide relevant insights. However, existing work 1) does not provide a systematic way of incorporating various contexts, 2) is tailored to a specific approach without using an extensive pool of existing deviation detection techniques, and 3) does not distinguish positive and negative contexts that justify and refute deviation, respectively. In this work, we provide a framework to bridge the aforementioned gaps. We have implemented the proposed framework as a web service that can be extended to various contexts and deviation detection methods. We have evaluated the effectiveness of the proposed framework by conducting experiments using 255 different contextual scenarios.
GreenAdvisor: A Tool for Analyzing the Impact of Software Evolution on Energy Consumption
Creators: Aggarwal, K.
Hindle, Abram
Stroulia, E.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2015

Change-impact analysis, namely “identifying the potential consequences of a change” is an important and well studied problem in software evolution. Any change may potentially affect an application's behaviour, performance, and energy consumption profile. Our previous work demonstrated that changes to the system-call profile of an application correlated with changes to the application's energy-consumption profile. This paper evaluates and describes GreenAdvisor, a first of its kind tool that systematically records and analyzes an application's system calls to predict whether the energy-consumption profile of an application has changed. The GreenAdvisor tool was distributed to numerous software teams, whose members were surveyed about their experience using GreenAdvisor while developing Android applications to examine the energy-consumption impact of selected commits from the teams' projects. GreenAdvisor was evaluated against commits of these teams' projects. The two studies confirm the usefulness of our tool in assisting developers analyze and understand the energy-consumption profile changes of a new version. Based on our study findings, we constructed an improved prediction model to forecast the direction of the change, when a change in the energy-consumption profile is anticipated. This work can potentially be extremely useful to developers who currently have no similar tools.
Transcriptome Profiling Identifies Ribosome Biogenesis as a Target of Alcohol Teratogenicity and Vulnerability during Early Embryogenesis
Creators: name: Smith, Susan M.
name: Flentke, George R.
name: Berres, Mark E.
name: Garic, Ana
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is a leading cause of neurodevelopmental disability. Individuals with FASD may exhibit a characteristic facial appearance that has diagnostic utility. The mechanism by which alcohol disrupts craniofacial development is incompletely understood, as are the genetic factors that can modify individual alcohol vulnerability. Using an established avian model, we characterized the cranial transcriptome in response to alcohol to inform the mechanism underlying these cells’ vulnerability. Gallus gallus embryos having 3–6 somites were exposed to 52 mM alcohol and the cranial transcriptomes were sequenced thereafter. A total of 3422 genes had significantly differential expression. The KEGG pathways with the greatest enrichment of differentially expressed gene clusters were Ribosome (P = 1.2 x 10−17, 67 genes), Oxidative Phosphorylation (P = 4.8 x 10−12, 60 genes), RNA Polymerase (P = 2.2 x 10−3, 15 genes) and Spliceosome (P = 2.6 x 10−2, 39 genes). The preponderance of transcripts in these pathways were repressed in response to alcohol. These same gene clusters also had the greatest altered representation in our previous comparison of neural crest populations having differential vulnerability to alcohol-induced apoptosis. Comparison of differentially expressed genes in alcohol-exposed (3422) and untreated, alcohol-vulnerable (1201) transcriptomes identified 525 overlapping genes of which 257 have the same direction of transcriptional change. These included 36 ribosomal, 25 oxidative phosphorylation and 7 spliceosome genes. Using a functional approach in zebrafish, partial knockdown of ribosomal proteins zrpl11, zrpl5a, and zrps3a individually heightened vulnerability to alcohol-induced craniofacial deficits and increased apoptosis. In humans, haploinsufficiency of several of the identified ribosomal proteins are causative in craniofacial dysmorphologies such as Treacher Collins Syndrome and Diamond-Blackfan Anemia. This work suggests ribosome biogenesis may be a novel target mediating alcohol’s damage to developing neural crest. Our findings are consistent with observations that gene-environment interactions contribute to vulnerability in FASD.
Sustainable Architecture: Learned Scientific Lessons from Ghadames, a Traditional Libyan City
Creators: name: Shibub, Mariam M T
Publisher: name: TUENGR Group
Year: 2017
Subjects: Sustainability
traditional city
Ghadames City
Architects, Physical, Social Aspects
Sustainable Architecture .

description: International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies, 8, 4, 233-241
Treatment initiation among persons diagnosed with drug resistant tuberculosis in Johannesburg, South Africa
Creators: name: Evans, Denise
name: Schnippel, Kathryn
name: Black, Andrew
name: Long, Lawrence
name: Sineke, Tembeka
name: Rosen, Sydney
name: Govathson, Caroline
name: Berhanu, Rebecca
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: In South Africa, roughly half of the drug-resistant TB cases diagnosed are reported to have been started on treatment. We determined the proportion of persons diagnosed with rifampicin resistant (RR-) TB who initiated treatment in Johannesburg after the introduction of decentralized RR-TB care in 2011.
Partial barriers to chaotic transport in 4D symplectic maps
Creators: name: Firmbach, Markus
name: Bäcker, Arnd
name: Ketzmerick, Roland
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Chaotic transport in Hamiltonian systems is often restricted due to the presence of partial barriers, leading to a limited flux between different regions in phase phase. Typically, the most restrictive partial barrier in a 2D symplectic map is based on a cantorus, the Cantor set remnants of a broken 1D torus. For a 4D symplectic map we establish a partial barrier based on what we call a cantorus-NHIM, a normally hyperbolic invariant manifold (NHIM) with the structure of a cantorus. Using a flux formula, we determine the global 4D flux across a partial barrier based on a cantorus-NHIM by approximating it with high-order periodic NHIMs. In addition, we introduce a local 3D flux depending on the position along a resonance channel, which is relevant in the presence of slow Arnold diffusion. Moreover, for a partial barrier composed of stable and unstable manifolds of a NHIM we utilize periodic NHIMs to quantify the corresponding flux.
description: 19 pages, 15 figures
Earth Architecture in Syria between the Past Heritage and the Contemporary Experiences
Creators: name: Kandakji, Nadia
Publisher: name: TUENGR Group
Year: 2017
Subjects: Earth building
Sustainability
Adobe
Cob
Domes
Sustainable Architecture
Green Architecture, Earth construction.

description: International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies, 8, 4, 243-259
Argentina and the Limits to Macroeconomic Policy.docx
Creators: name: OLUSILE, ADEGBENGA
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 380302
subject: Macroeconomic theory

description: This paper investigates the Argentina case, especially the impact of macroeconomic policies and if they help developing nations solve economic problems, especially during a recession. It looks at Argentina’s current economic data, explains why currency devaluation is bad for the country and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of current account deficits. Lastly, the paper discusses the reasons for Argentina’s current economic problems and if expansionary macroeconomic policies can be used to solve them.
Diagrammatic description of a system coupled strongly to a bosonic bath
Creators: name: Marthaler, Michael
name: Leppäkangas, Juha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a system-bath description in the strong coupling regime where it is not possible to derive a master equation for the reduced density matrix by a direct expansion in the system-bath coupling. A particular example is a bath with significant spectral weight at low frequencies. Through a unitary transformation it can be possible to find a more suitable small expansion parameter. Within such approach we construct a formally exact expansion of the master equation on the Keldysh contour. We consider a system diagonally coupled to a bosonic bath and expansion in terms of a non-diagonal hopping term. The lowest-order expansion is equivalent to the so-called $P(E)$-theory or non-interacting blip approximation (NIBA). The analysis of the higher-order contributions shows that there are two different classes of higher-order diagrams. We study how the convergence of this expansion depends on the form of the spectral function with significant weight at zero frequency.
description: 8 pages