cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Coupled environmental and demographic fluctuations shape the evolution of cooperative antimicrobial resistance
Creators: name: Hernández-Navarro, Lluís
name: Asker, Matthew
name: Rucklidge, Alastair M.
name: Mobilia, Mauro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is a pressing need to better understand how microbial populations respond to antimicrobial drugs, and to find mechanisms to possibly eradicate antimicrobial-resistant cells. The inactivation of antimicrobials by resistant microbes can often be viewed as a cooperative behavior leading to the coexistence of resistant and sensitive cells in large populations and static environments. This picture is however greatly altered by the fluctuations arising in volatile environments, in which microbial communities commonly evolve. Here, we study the eco-evolutionary dynamics of a population consisting of an antimicrobial resistant strain and microbes sensitive to antimicrobial drugs in a time-fluctuating environment, modeled by a carrying capacity randomly switching between states of abundance and scarcity. We assume that antimicrobial resistance is a shared public good when the number of resistant cells exceeds a certain threshold. Eco-evolutionary dynamics is thus characterised by demographic noise (birth and death events) coupled to environmental fluctuations which can cause population bottlenecks. By combining analytical and computational means, we determine the environmental conditions for the long-lived coexistence and fixation of both strains, and characterise a fluctuation-driven antimicrobial resistance eradication mechanism, where resistant microbes experience bottlenecks leading to extinction. We also discuss the possible applications of our findings to laboratory-controlled experiments.
description: 21+7 pages, 4+1 figures. The revised version includes minor corrections to the original manuscript. Simulation data and codes for all figures are electronically available from the University of Leeds Data Repository. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5518/1360
Analysis of $B_s\to ϕμ^+μ^-$ decay within supersymmetry
Creators: name: Xu, Yuan-Guo
name: Zhou, Li-Hai
name: Li, Bing-Zhong
name: Wang, Ru-Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the first measurement on $\mathcal{B}(B_s\toϕμ^+μ^-)$ by the CDF Collaboration, we study the supersymmetric effects in semi-leptonic $B_s\toϕμ^+μ^-$ decay. In our evaluations, we analyze the dependences of the dimuon invariant mass spectrum and the forward-backward asymmetry on relevant supersymmetric couplings in the MSSM with and without R-parity. The analyses show the new experimental upper limits of $\mathcal{B}(B_s\toμ^+μ^-)$ from the LHCb Collaboration could further improve the bounds on sneutrino exchange couplings and $(δ^u_{LL})_{23}$ as well as $(δ^d_{LL,RR})_{23}$ mass insertion couplings. In addition, within the allowed ranges of relevant couplings under the constraints from $\mathcal{B}(B_s\toϕμ^+μ^-)$, $\mathcal{B}(B\to K^{(*)}μ^+μ^-)$ and $\mathcal{B}(B_s\to μ^+μ^-)$, the dimuon forward-backward asymmetry and the differential dimuon forward-backward asymmetry of $B_s\toϕμ^+μ^-$ are highly sensitive to the squark exchange contribution and the $(δ^u_{LL})_{23}$ mass insertion contribution. The results obtained in this work will be very useful in searching supersymmetric signal at the LHC.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Black Hole Polarimetry I: A Signature of Electromagnetic Energy Extraction
Creators: name: Chael, Andrew
name: Lupsasca, Alexandru
name: Wong, George N.
name: Quataert, Eliot
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In 1977, Blandford and Znajek showed that the electromagnetic field surrounding a rotating black hole can harvest its spin energy and use it to power a collimated astrophysical jet, such as the one launched from the center of the elliptical galaxy M87. Today, interferometric observations with the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) are delivering high-resolution, event-horizon-scale, polarimetric images of the supermassive black hole M87* at the jet launching point. These polarimetric images offer an unprecedented window into the electromagnetic field structure around a black hole. In this paper, we show that a simple polarimetric observable -- the phase $\angleβ_2$ of the second azimuthal Fourier mode of the linear polarization in a near-horizon image -- depends on the sign of the electromagnetic energy flux and therefore provides a direct probe of black hole energy extraction. In Boyer-Lindquist coordinates, the Poynting flux for axisymmetric electromagnetic fields is proportional to the product $B^ϕB^r$. The phase $\angleβ_2$ likewise depends on the ratio $B^ϕ/B^r$, thereby enabling an observer to experimentally determine the direction of electromagnetic energy flow in the near-horizon environment. Data from the 2017 EHT observations of M87* are consistent with electromagnetic energy outflow. Currently envisioned multi-frequency observations of M87* will achieve higher dynamic range and angular resolution, and hence deliver measurements of $\angleβ_2$ closer to the event horizon as well as better constraints on Faraday rotation. Such observations will enable a definitive test for energy extraction from the black hole M87*.
description: 35 pages, 5 figures. Published in ApJ
Polynomial Time and Dependent Types
Creators: name: Atkey, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We combine dependent types with linear type systems that soundly and completely capture polynomial time computation. We explore two systems for capturing polynomial time: one system that disallows construction of iterable data, and one, based on the LFPL system of Martin Hofmann, that controls construction via a payment method. Both of these are extended to full dependent types via Quantitative Type Theory, allowing for arbitrary computation in types alongside guaranteed polynomial time computation in terms. We prove the soundness of the systems using a realisability technique due to Dal Lago and Hofmann. Our long-term goal is to combine the extensional reasoning of type theory with intensional reasoning about the resources intrinsically consumed by programs. This paper is a step along this path, which we hope will lead both to practical systems for reasoning about programs' resource usage, and to theoretical use as a form of synthetic computational complexity theory.
description: Extended version of published POPL version, with full typing rules
Divertor heat fluxes and profiles during mitigated and unmitigated Edge Localised Modes (ELMs) on the Mega Amp Spherical Tokamak (MAST)
Creators: name: Thornton, A. J.
name: Kirk, A.
name: Chapman, I. T.
name: Harrison, J. R.
name: Team, the MAST
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Edge localised modes (ELMs) are a concern for future devices as they can limit the operational lifetime of the divertor. The mitigation of ELMs can be performed by the application of resonant magnetic perturbations (RMPs) which act to degrade the pressure gradient in the edge of the plasma. Investigations of the effect of RMPs on MAST have been performed in a range of plasmas using perturbations with toroidal mode numbers of n=3, 4 and 6. It has been seen that the RMPs increase the ELM frequency, which gives rise to a corresponding decrease in the ELM energy. The reduced ELM energy decreases the peak heat flux to the divertor, with a three fold reduction in the ELM energy, generating a 1.5 fold reduction in the peak heat flux. Measurements of the divertor heat flux profile show evidence of strike point splitting consistent with modelling using the vacuum code ERGOS.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
Refining and enhancing the modelling of vehicle-track interaction
Creators: name: Kaiser, Ingo
Publisher: name: Hannover : Institutionelles Repositorium der Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: railway vehicle
subject: flexible wheelset
subject: flexible rail
subject: flexible track
subject: wheel-rail contact
subject: rolling contact
subject: non-elliptic contact
subject: elastic multibody system
subject: finite element model
subject: cyclic system
subject: vehicle-track interaction
subject: hunting
subject: Schienenfahrzeug
subject: flexibler Radsatz
subject: flexibles Gleis
subject: Rad-Schiene-Kontakt
subject: Rollkontakt
subject: nicht-elliptischer Kontakt
subject: elastisches Mehrkörpersystem
subject: Finite-Elemente-Modell
subject: zyklisches System
subject: Fahrzeug-Fahrweg-Wechselwirkung
subject: Schlingerlauf
subject: flexible Schiene
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik

description: The wheel-rail contact is a determining element for the running behaviour of a railway vehicle. In several cases it can be very sensitive to the relative kinematics between wheel and rail, which does not only depend on the motions of the entire wheelset, but also on structural deformations of both wheelset and rail. In order to develop a refined vehicle-track model, the wheelsets and the rails are modelled as flexible bodies; they are coupled with a very detailed model of the wheel-rail contact. Using this refined modelling, the running behaviour of a passenger coach is investigated for the scenarios of centred running and permanent hunting, which are also simulated for different track geometries and different friction coefficients in the wheel-rail contact. The results show that for certain configurations the structural deformations can have a strong impact on the wheel-rail contact and on the running behaviour of the vehicle. The influence on the hunting is particularly strong for high conicities and high values of the friction coefficient.
A detailed study of the high-mass clump interacting with the bubble N10
Creators: name: Ma, Yingxiu
name: Zhou, Jianjun
name: Esimbek, Jarken.
name: Ji, Weiguang
name: Wu, Gang
name: Yuan, Ye
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We performed a detailed study of the high-mass clump interacting with bubble N10 based on the spectral lines $^{12}CO(3-2)$, $HCO^+(4-3)$, $N_2H^+(4-3)$ and $CH_3OH(7(0,7)-6(0,6))$ and continuum emission data at 450 $μ$m and 850 $μ$m released on CADC and Spitzer data. Blue-shifted optically thick line $^{12}CO (3-2)$ seems to indicate that the outer envelope of the high-mass clump is still falling toward the center. Detection of $CH_3OH(7(0,7)-6(0,6))$ suggests that a hot core has formed around YSO N10-7. And position-velocity diagram of $N_2H^+ (4-3)$ indicates the cold dense core of the clump has not been destroyed by the star formation activities. The mass of N10-7 is about 27.44 $M_\odot$. The ratio $HCO^+(4-3)/N_2H^+ (4-3)$ in the outer part of the clump is larger than that in the inner part of it. The reason may be that the CO abundance relative to $N_2H^+ (4-3)$ increased in the outer part of the high-mass clump, more $N_2H^+ (4-3)$ were converted into $HCO^+(4-3)$.
Additional file 2 of Evaluation of a Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) workshop for peripheral intravenous cannulation
Creators: name: Steinwandel, Ulrich
name: Coventry, Linda L.
name: Kheirkhah, Homa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Space Science
Medicine
Neuroscience
Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 2. Qualtrics Survey After ultrasound workshop.pdf
Spectral (in)stability of quasinormal modes and strong cosmic censorship
Creators: name: Courty, Aubin
name: Destounis, Kyriakos
name: Pani, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent studies have shown that quasinormal modes suffer from spectral instabilities, a frailty of black holes that leads to disproportional migration of their spectra in the complex plane when black-hole effective potentials are modified by minuscule perturbations. Similar results have been found with the mathematical notion of the pseudospectrum which was recently introduced in gravitational physics. Environmental effects, such as the addition of a thin accretion disk or a matter shell, lead to a secondary bump that appears in the effective potential of black hole perturbations. Regardless of the environment's small contribution to the effective potential, its presence can completely destabilize the fundamental quasinormal mode and may potentially affect black hole spectroscopy. Here, we perform a comprehensive analysis of such phenomenon for Schwarzschild, Reissner-Nordström, Schwarzschild-de Sitter, and Reissner-Nordström-de Sitter black holes by considering the potential for a test scalar field with the addition of a tiny bump sufficiently away from the photon sphere. We find a qualitatively similar destabilization pattern for photon sphere, complex, scalar quasinormal modes in all cases, and a surprising spectral stability for dominant scalar, purely imaginary, de Sitter and near-extremal modes that belong to different families of the spectrum. For Reissner-Nordström-de Sitter black holes, we re-evaluate the validity of the strong cosmic censorship and find that the addition of a realistic bump in the effective potential cannot prevent its violation due to a combination of the spectral stability of dominant de Sitter and near-extremal modes for small cosmological constants and an ineffective migration of the photon sphere modes that dominate the late-time ringdown signal for sufficiently large cosmological constants.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in PRD
Regional disparities and innovation : conditions for innovation capacity building in China's 'West'
Creators: name: Heindl, Anna-Barbara
Publisher: name: Hannover : Institutionelles Repositorium der Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: China; regional disparities; regional innovation systems; innovation policies
subject: regional disparities
subject: regional innovation systems
subject: innovation policies
subject: China
subject: regionale Disparitäten
subject: regionale Innovationssysteme
subject: Innovations-Policies
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::900 | Geschichte und Geografie

description: China’s leaders have called for a transformation of the Chinese economic system into a knowledge-based economy. To increase total factor productivity for avoiding the middle-income trap subsequent to China’s tremendous growth in the last decades, the national government urges its local authorities to build innovation capacities throughout the country. More than that, the national government aims at transforming its innovation model characterised by state-control into an open innovation system, mobilising a multitude of private actors to engage in innovation independently and thus, efficiently. At the same time, China is characterised by huge regional disparities, so that (pre-)conditions for innovation capacity building differ strongly between its regions; it is far from clear how particularly China’s lagging regions will (be able to) answer China’s leaders’ call for making innovation the primary productive force of the national economy. To understand the interdependencies between innovation and regional disparities in China, this dissertation analyses conditions for and processes of local innovation capacity building, policy-making and –implementation in China. By comparing lagging ‘Western’ regions and advanced ‘Eastern’ regions, it works out that, first, for understanding regional innovation capacity building and its dynamics in China, it is necessary to extend concepts of regional innovation system research. As this research finds that despite the call for less government intervention, government control remains particularly high in lagging regions, innovation system concepts have to provide for a possibility to critically analyse the (changing) role(s) of the state in China’s economy. Second, it further shows that the inclusion of private actors into local innovation capacity building is strongly dependent on local resource endowment, which decisively shapes incentives. Innovation capacity building competes with a range of other, nationally conditioned incentives – such as fast, but not necessarily sustainable growth. The intended shift from the old state-controlled innovation model towards the independent, open regional innovation system is thus hampered by China’s political system-inherent incentives, especially in China’s lagging regions.
Additional file 3 of Evaluation of a Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) workshop for peripheral intravenous cannulation
Creators: name: Steinwandel, Ulrich
name: Coventry, Linda L.
name: Kheirkhah, Homa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Space Science
Medicine
Neuroscience
Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 3. Eight weeks after workshop survey (distributed via email) – Qualtrics Survey 8 weeks After ultrasound workshop via email.pdf
Benchmark datasets for biomedical knowledge graphs with negative statements
Creators: name: Sousa, Rita T.
name: Silva, Sara
name: Pesquita, Catia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Knowledge graphs represent facts about real-world entities. Most of these facts are defined as positive statements. The negative statements are scarce but highly relevant under the open-world assumption. Furthermore, they have been demonstrated to improve the performance of several applications, namely in the biomedical domain. However, no benchmark dataset supports the evaluation of the methods that consider these negative statements. We present a collection of datasets for three relation prediction tasks - protein-protein interaction prediction, gene-disease association prediction and disease prediction - that aim at circumventing the difficulties in building benchmarks for knowledge graphs with negative statements. These datasets include data from two successful biomedical ontologies, Gene Ontology and Human Phenotype Ontology, enriched with negative statements. We also generate knowledge graph embeddings for each dataset with two popular path-based methods and evaluate the performance in each task. The results show that the negative statements can improve the performance of knowledge graph embeddings.
Recombination models for defects in silicon solar cells
Creators: name: Steingrube, Silke
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar cell simulations
subject: defects
subject: recombination
subject: Solarzellsimulationen
subject: Defekte
subject: Rekombination
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: [no abstract]
Reduction of network models with a large number of sources
Creators: name: Ludwig, Stefan
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Modeling
subject: model order reduction
subject: linear networks
subject: Modellierung
subject: Modellordnungsreduktion
subject: lineare Netzwerke
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau::621 | Angewandte Physik::621,3 | Elektrotechnik, Elektronik

description: [no abstract]
XWalk: Random Walk Based Candidate Retrieval for Product Search
Creators: name: Eskreis-Winkler, Jon
name: Kim, Yubin
name: Stanton, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In e-commerce, head queries account for the vast majority of gross merchandise sales and improvements to head queries are highly impactful to the business. While most supervised approaches to search perform better in head queries vs. tail queries, we propose a method that further improves head query performance dramatically. We propose XWalk, a random-walk based graph approach to candidate retrieval for product search that borrows from recommendation system techniques. XWalk is highly efficient to train and inference in a large-scale high traffic e-commerce setting, and shows substantial improvements in head query performance over state-of-the-art neural retreivers. Ensembling XWalk with a neural and/or lexical retriever combines the best of both worlds and the resulting retrieval system outperforms all other methods in both offline relevance-based evaluation and in online A/B tests.
Optimal Discriminant Functions Based On Sampled Distribution Distance for Modulation Classification
Creators: name: Urriza, Paulo
name: Rebeiz, Eric
name: Cabric, Danijela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this letter, we derive the optimal discriminant functions for modulation classification based on the sampled distribution distance. The proposed method classifies various candidate constellations using a low complexity approach based on the distribution distance at specific testpoints along the cumulative distribution function. This method, based on the Bayesian decision criteria, asymptotically provides the minimum classification error possible given a set of testpoints. Testpoint locations are also optimized to improve classification performance. The method provides significant gains over existing approaches that also use the distribution of the signal features.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, submitted to IEEE Communications Letters
Regenerative amplification of ultrashort laser pulses with thulium- and holmium-doped materials
Creators: name: Wienke, Andreas
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Laser amplifiers
subject: fiber lasers
subject: ultrafast lasers
subject: mode-locked lasers
subject: regenerative amplifiers
subject: Laserverstärker
subject: Faserlaser
subject: Ultrakurzpulslaser
subject: modengekoppelte Laser
subject: regenerative Verstärker
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: [no abstract]
Regularity of a degenerate oblique derivative problem
Creators: name: Hassan Zadeh, Mana
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Degenerate boundary value problem
subject: pseudodifferential operators with Hölder continuous coefficients
subject: transmission condition for C[tau] symbols
subject: hypoellipticity
subject: Entartete Randwertaufgabe
subject: Pseudodifferentialoperatoren mit hölderstetigen Koeffizienten
subject: Transmissionsbedingung für C[tau] Symbole
subject: Hyperelliptizität
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::610 | Medizin, Gesundheit

description: [no abstract]
Regulation of phosphate and sugar transporters during the mycorrhizal symbiosis in response to phosphate availability and accessibility
Creators: name: Kittelmann, Cornelia Heidemarie
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mycorrhizal symbiosis
subject: phosphate transport
subject: gene expression regulation. - Mykorrhiza Symbiose
subject: Phosphattransport
subject: Genexpressionsregulierung
subject: Mykorrhiza
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: [no abstract]
Surface waves in a stretched and sheared incompressible elastic material
Creators: name: Destrade, Michel
name: Ogden, Ray W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we analyze the effect of a combined pure homogeneous strain and simple shear in a principal plane of the latter on the propagation of surface waves for an incompressible isotropic elastic half-space whose boundary is normal to the glide planes of the shear. This generalizes previous work in which, separately, pure homogeneous strain and simple shear were considered. For a special class of materials the secular equation is obtained in explicit form and then specialized to recover results obtained previously for the two cases mentioned above. A method for obtaining the secular equation for a general form of strain-energy function is then outlined. In general this is very lengthy and the result is not listed, but, for the case in which there is no normal stress on the half-space boundary, the result is given, for illustration, in respect of the so-called generalized Varga material. Numerical results are given to show how the surface wave speed depends on both the underlying pure homogeneous strain and the superimposed simple shear. Further numerical results are provided for the Gent model of limiting chain extensibility.
MPEC 2023-F90 : 2023 FR2
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 FR2

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Relay technology for performance improvement in WiMAX system
Creators: name: Anggraini, Anggia Nurul Kusuma
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Wireless interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX). relay
subject: diversity
subject: multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO)
subject: keyhole channel
subject: block diagonalization
subject: interference alignment
subject: Relais
subject: Diversität
subject: Keyhole Kanal
subject: Block Diagonalisierung
subject: Interferenz Ausrichtung
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau::621 | Angewandte Physik::621,3 | Elektrotechnik, Elektronik

description: [no abstract]
Additional file 1 of Exploring the evidence base for Communities of Practice in health research and translation: a scoping review
Creators: name: James-McAlpine, Janelle
name: Larkins, Sarah
name: Nagle, Cate
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Appendix S1. Search terms by database.
Research on vulnerability to poverty : a village case study from Thailand
Creators: name: Gödecke, Theda
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Thailand
subject: village case-study
subject: poverty
subject: migration
subject: social networks
subject: household definition
subject: Dorf-Fallstudie
subject: Armut
subject: soziale Netzwerke
subject: Haushaltsdefinition
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::330 | Wirtschaft

description: [no abstract]
An Intelligent Remote Sensing Image Quality Inspection System
Creators: name: Yu, Yijiong
name: Wang, Tao
name: Ran, Kang
name: Li, Chang
name: Wu, Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Due to the inevitable presence of quality problems, quality inspection of remote sensing images is indeed an indispensable step between the acquisition and the application of them. However, traditional manual inspection suffers from low efficiency. Hence, we propose a novel deep learning-based two-step intelligent system consisting of multiple advanced computer vision models, which first performs image classification by SwinV2 and then accordingly adopts the most appropriate method, such as semantic segmentation by Segformer, to localize the quality problems. Results demonstrate that the proposed method exhibits excellent performance and efficiency, surpassing traditional methods. Furthermore, we conduct an initial exploration of applying multimodal models to remote sensing image quality inspection.
Response to shocks and risks of rural households in northeast Thailand
Creators: name: Tongruksawattana, Songporne
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Shocks
subject: risks
subject: agricultural households
subject: Thailand
subject: Schocks
subject: Risiken
subject: landwirtschaftliche Haushalte
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::330 | Wirtschaft

description: [no abstract]
Molybdenum sputtering film characterization for high gradient accelerating structures
Creators: name: Bini, S.
name: Spataro, B.
name: Marcelli, A.
name: Sarti, S.
name: Dolgashev, V. A.
name: Tantawi, S.
name: Yeremian, A. D.
name: Higashi, Y.
name: Grimaldi, M. G.
name: Romano, L.
name: Ruffino, F.
name: Parodi, R.
name: Cibin, G.
name: Marrelli, C.
name: Migliorati, M.
name: Caliendo, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Technological advancements are strongly required to fulfill the demands of new accelerator devices with the highest accelerating gradients and operation reliability for the future colliders. To this purpose an extensive R&D regarding molybdenum coatings on copper is in progress. In this contribution we describe chemical composition, deposition quality and resistivity properties of different molybdenum coatings obtained via sputtering. The deposited films are thick metallic disorder layers with different resistivity values above and below the molibdenum dioxide reference value. Chemical and electrical properties of these sputtered coatings have been characterized by Rutherford backscattering, XANES and photoemission spectroscopy. We will also present a three cells standing wave section coated by a molybdenum layer $\sim$ 500 nm thick designed to improve the performance of X-Band accelerating systems.
description: manuscript has been submitted and accepted by Chinese Physics C (2012)
The self-oscillation paradox in the flight motor of D. melanogaster
Creators: name: Pons, Arion
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tiny flying insects, such as Drosophila melanogaster, fly by flapping their wings at frequencies faster than their brains are able to process. To do so, they rely on self-oscillation: dynamic instability, leading to emergent oscillation, arising from muscle stretch-activation. Many questions concerning this vital natural instability remain open. Does flight motor self-oscillation necessarily lead to resonance - a state optimal in efficiency and/or performance? If so, what state? And is self-oscillation even guaranteed in a motor driven by stretch-activated muscle, or are there limiting conditions? In this work, we use data-driven models of wingbeat and muscle behaviour to answer these questions. Developing and leveraging novel analysis techniques, including symbolic computation, we establish a fundamental condition for motor self-oscillation common to a wide range of motor models. Remarkably, D. melanogaster flight apparently defies this condition: a paradox of motor operation. We explore potential resolutions to this paradox, and, within its confines, establish that the D. melanogaster flight motor is likely not resonant with respect to exoskeletal elasticity: instead, the muscular elasticity plays a dominant role. Contrary to common supposition, the stiffness of stretch-activated muscle is an obstacle to, rather than an enabler of, the operation of the D. melanogaster flight motor.
Reproductive biology and life history strategy of Bithynia tentaculata (Linnaeus, 1758) and Bithynia leachii (Sheppard, 1823)
Creators: name: Richter, Torsten
Publisher: name: Hannover : Universität
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Bithynia
subject: life history
subject: reproduction
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: [no abstract]
Additional file 2 of Exploring the evidence base for Communities of Practice in health research and translation: a scoping review
Creators: name: James-McAlpine, Janelle
name: Larkins, Sarah
name: Nagle, Cate
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Appendix S2. List of papers excluded from this review.
Aharonov-Casher effect in quantum ring ensembles
Creators: name: Joibari, Fateme K.
name: Blanter, Ya. M.
name: Bauer, Gerrit E. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the transport of electrons through a single-mode quantum ring with electric field induced Rashba spin-orbit interaction that is subjected to an in-plane magnetic field and weakly coupled to electron reservoirs. Modelling a ring array by ensemble averaging over a Gaussian distribution of energy level positions, we predict slow conductance oscillations as a function of the Rashba interaction and electron density due to spin-orbit interaction-induced beating of the spacings between the levels crossed by the Fermi energy. Our results agree with experiments by Nitta c.s., thereby providing an interpretation that differs from the ordinary Aharonov-Casher effect in a single ring.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures
Double injection in graphene p-i-n structures
Creators: name: Ryzhii, V.
name: Semenikhin, I.
name: Ryzhii, M.
name: Svintsov, D.
name: Vyurkov, V.
name: Satou, A.
name: Otsuji, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the processes of the electron and hole injection (double injection) into the i-region of graphene-layer and multiple graphene-layer p-i-n structures at the forward bias voltages. The hydrodynamic equations governing the electron and hole transport in graphene coupled with the two-dimensional Poisson equation are employed. Using analytical and numerical solutions of the equations of the model, we calculate the band edge profile, the spatial distributions of the quasi-Fermi energies, carrier density and velocity, and the current-voltage characteristics. In particular, we demonstrated that the electron and hole collisions can strongly affect these distributions. The obtained results can be used for the realization and optimization of graphene-based injection terahertz and infrared lasers.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures
title: Politische Gewalt als Möglichkeitserweiterung? Zwischen Tortenwurf und Terror: Überlegungen zu einer Hauntology politischer Gewalt
Creators: name: Lehner, Nikolaus
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications Online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2019

description: Are there forms of violence that are likely to expand our possibilities? Usually we associate political violence with terror and repression, i.e. with forms of violence that lead to the restriction of possibilities or to the consolidation of social conditions. In this article, I examine various approaches that promote the use of grassroots based political violence as midwife of expanded possibilities and discuss different shortcomings of these approaches. In the second part of the article I suggest that today, the use of legitimate political violence that seeks to enable new possibilities has more to do with poetry and poiesis than with the use of raw force. I show how this notion of symbolic violence, among others, applies to the example of pieing.
Responses of starch potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) to osmotic stress in vitro regarding growth, proteome and metabolite profile
Creators: name: Bündig, Christin
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solanum tuberosum
subject: in vitro
subject: osmotic stress
subject: proteomic
subject: metabolite
subject: Osmotischer Stress
subject: Proteomik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: [no abstract]
Turbulence and Dynamo Interlinks
Creators: name: Pino, E. M. de Gouveia Dal
name: Santos-Lima, R.
name: Kowal, G.
name: Falceta-Gonçalves, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The role of turbulence in astrophysical environments and its interplay with magnetic fields is still highly debated. In this lecture, we will discuss this issue in the framework of dynamo processes. We will first present a very brief summary of turbulent dynamo theories, then will focus on small scale turbulent dynamos and their particular relevance on the origin and maintenance of magnetic fields in the intra-cluster media (ICM) of galaxies. In these environments, the very low density of the flow requires a collisionless-MHD treatment. We will show the implications of this approach in the turbulent amplification of the magnetic fields in these environments. To finalize, we will also briefly address the connection between MHD turbulence and fast magnetic reconnection and its possible implications in the diffusion of magnetic flux in the dynamo process.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, IAU Symposium 294: Solar and Astrophysical Dynamos and Magnetic Activity
Action plan to follow up the Agreement on Reforming Research Assessment (ARRA) – The research Council of Norway
Creators: name: Qvenild, Marte
name: Holm, Jon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: CoARA

description: The Research Council signed the "Agreement on Reforming Research Assessment" (ARRA) in August 2022. The purpose of the action plan is to identify obligations in ARRA and to provide an overview of measures the Research Council has already implemented, in addition to proposing what should be done in the future. The action plan also provides an overview of national and international initiatives in which the Research Council is involved, which have synergies with ARRA.
Resonant high harmonic generation and extreme-ultraviolet frequency combs driven by few-cycle laser pulses
Creators: name: Tudorovskaya, Maria
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High harmonic generation
subject: two-state quantum system
subject: extreme-ultraviolet frequency comb
subject: Erzeugung hoher Harmonischer
subject: Zweizustandssystem
subject: Extrem-Ultraviolett Frequenzkamm
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: [no abstract]
Additional file 1 of Comparison of serum acylcarnitine levels in patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome and healthy controls: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Jinushi, Ryuhei
name: Masuda, Sakue
name: Tanisaka, Yuki
name: Nishiguchi, Sho
name: Shionoya, Kento
name: Sato, Ryo
name: Sugimoto, Kei
name: Shin, Takahiro
name: Shiomi, Rie
name: Fujita, Akashi
name: Mizuide, Masafumi
name: Ryozawa, Shomei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. PRISMA 2020 statement
Non-Markovian Models of Blocking in Concurrent and Countercurrent Flows
Creators: name: Gabrielli, Andrea
name: Talbot, Julian
name: Viot, Pascal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate models in which blocking can interrupt a particulate flow process at any time. Filtration, and flow in micro/nano-channels and traffic flow are examples of such processes. We first consider concurrent flow models where particles enter a channel randomly. If at any time two particles are simultaneously present in the channel, failure occurs. The key quantities are the survival probability and the distribution of the number of particles that pass before failure. We then consider a counterflow model with two opposing Poisson streams. There is no restriction on the number of particles passing in the same direction, but blockage occurs if, at any time, two opposing particles are simultaneously present in the passage.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. Letters
Resource exploitation by Episyrphus balteatus DeGeer (Diptera: Syrphidae) and intraguild predation
Creators: name: Hindayana, Dadan
Publisher: name: Hannover : Universität
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Episyrphus balteatus
subject: direct and indirect effects
subject: prey suitability
subject: efficiency of conversion ingested
subject: intraguild predation
subject: dispersal of prey
subject: aggregation index
subject: biological control
subject: cannibalism
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::630 | Landwirtschaft, Veterinärmedizin

description: [no abstract]
Exciton-spin interactions in antiferromagnetic charge-transfer insulators
Creators: name: Kaneko, Tatsuya
name: Murakami, Yuta
name: Golež, Denis
name: Sun, Zhiyuan
name: Millis, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive exciton-spin interactions from a microscopic correlated model that captures important aspects of the physics of charge-transfer (CT) insulators to address magnetism associated with exciton creation. We present a minimal model consisting of coupled clusters of transition metal d and ligand p orbitals that captures the essential features of the local atomic and electronic structure. First, we identify the lowest-energy state and optically allowed excited states within a cluster by applying the molecular orbital picture to the ligand p orbitals. Then, we derive the effective interactions between two clusters mediated by intercluster hoppings, which include exciton-spin couplings. The interplay of the correlations and the spatial structure of the CT exciton leads to strong magnetic exchange couplings with spatial anisotropy. Finally, we calculate an optical excitation spectrum in our effective model to obtain insights into magnetic sidebands optically observed in magnetic materials. We demonstrate that the spin-flip excitation due to the strongly enhanced local spin interactions around the exciton gives rise to the magnetic sidebands.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
title: Liquidity risk and interdependence in payment systems: the case of Peru
Creators: name: Baldoceda, Jushua
name: Meza, Anthony
Publisher: name: Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/007ygn379
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2022

description: Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies Working Paper ; no. 01/2022
On interface waves in misoriented pre-stressed incompressible elastic solids
Creators: name: Destrade, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some relationships, fundamental to the resolution of interface wave problems, are presented. These equations allow for the derivation of explicit secular equations for problems involving waves localized near the plane boundary of anisotropic elastic half-spaces, such as Rayleigh, Sholte, or Stoneley waves. They are obtained rapidly, without recourse to the Stroh formalism. As an application, the problems of Stoneley wave propagation and of interface stability for misaligned predeformed incompressible half-spaces are treated. The upper and lower half-spaces are made of the same material, subject to the same prestress, and are rigidly bonded along a common principal plane. The principal axes in this plane do not however coincide, and the wave propagation is studied in the direction of the bisectrix of the angle between a principal axis of the upper half-space and a principal axis of the lower half-space.
Additional file 2 of Comparison of serum acylcarnitine levels in patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome and healthy controls: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Jinushi, Ryuhei
name: Masuda, Sakue
name: Tanisaka, Yuki
name: Nishiguchi, Sho
name: Shionoya, Kento
name: Sato, Ryo
name: Sugimoto, Kei
name: Shin, Takahiro
name: Shiomi, Rie
name: Fujita, Akashi
name: Mizuide, Masafumi
name: Ryozawa, Shomei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. NOS for assessing the quality of retrospective studies included in the systematic review
Honeycomb Layered Frameworks with Metallophilic Bilayers
Creators: name: Kanyolo, Godwill Mbiti
name: Masese, Titus
name: Miyazaki, Yoshinobu
name: Tachibana, Shintaro
name: Zhong, Chengchao
name: Orikasa, Yuki
name: Saito, Tomohiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This Review highlights the exciting advancements in the science of honeycomb layered frameworks with metallophilic bilayers that have recently garnered attention particularly due to reports of anomalous fractional valency states of silver cations sandwiched between transition metal slabs of other cations. First, the latest tactics and techniques including but not limited to X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) particularly necessary for characterising recent honeycomb layered frameworks with metallophilic bilayers are described, with emphasis on silver-based oxides. Second, new strategies and concepts related to topochemically- or temperature-induced cationic-deficient phases expanding the compositional space of honeycomb layered frameworks focused on cationic bilayer architectures are also accentuated. Third, the latest condensed matter theoretic advances towards a full, atomistic description of the bilayered structure in such frameworks are detailed, especially related to critical phenomena at the cusp of the monolayer-bilayer phase transition. This entails, in part, describing honeycomb layered frameworks as optimised lattices within the congruent sphere packing problem, equivalent to a particular two-dimensional (2D) conformal field theory. Altogether, it is hoped that this Review will give the reader a panoramic view of the honeycomb layered frameworks with important applications within the emerging field of quantum matter, potentially redefining their frontier. Thus, the scope of this Review is expected to be worthwhile for recent graduates and emerging experts alike not only in the materials science and chemistry community but also in other diverse fields of interest.
description: 71 pages, 23 figures, 1 abstract figure, Figures 3, 4 and 11 edited