cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The shortest period detached white dwarf + main-sequence binary
Creators: name: Parsons, S. G.
name: Marsh, T. R.
name: Gänsicke, B. T.
name: Dhillon, V. S.
name: Copperwheat, C. M.
name: Littlefair, S. P.
name: Pyrzas, S.
name: Drake, A. J.
name: Koester, D.
name: Schreiber, M. R.
name: Rebassa-Mansergas, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high-speed ULTRACAM and SOFI photometry and X-shooter spectroscopy of the recently discovered 94 minute orbital period eclipsing white dwarf / main-sequence binary SDSS J085746.18+034255.3 (CSS 03170) and use these observations to measure the system parameters. We detect a shallow secondary eclipse and hence are able to determine an orbital inclination of 85.5 +/- 0.2 deg. The white dwarf has a mass of 0.51 +/- 0.05 Msun and a radius of 0.0247 +/- 0.0008 Rsun. With a temperature of 35,300 +/- 400K the white dwarf is highly over-inflated if it has a carbon-oxygen core, however if it has a helium core then its mass and radius are consistent with evolutionary models. Therefore, the white dwarf in SDSS J085746.18+034255.3 is most likely a helium core white dwarf with a mass close to the upper limit expected from evolution. The main-sequence star is an M8 dwarf with a mass of 0.09 +/- 0.01 Msun and a radius of 0.110 +/- 0.004 Rsun placing it close to the hydrogen burning limit. The system emerged from a common envelope ~20 million years ago and will reach a semi-detached configuration in ~400 million years, becoming a cataclysmic variable with a period of 66 minutes, below the period minimum.
description: 11 pages, 7 Figures and 5 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Las Aulas Abiertas Especializadas destinadas al alumnado con TEA. Una puerta hacia su inclusión.
Creators: name: Basagaña Gallego, Xavier
Publisher: name: Psicosomàtica y Psiquiatría
Year: 2022

description: Psicosomàtica y Psiquiatría, Núm. 20 (2022): enero-febrero-marzo
Goal-Setting Training and Self-Regulation: A Treatment for Procrastination
Creators: name: Morin, Christopher
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Business Administration--Management
subject: Psychology--Industrial
subject: Procrastination
subject: Goal-Setting
subject: Impulsiveness

description: Negative references to procrastination can be found as far back as 800 BC, and one in five adults today identify themself as a chronic procrastinator. The purpose of this thesis is to develop and deliver a treatment for procrastination. Literature on motivation, goal-setting and self-regulation is reviewed to develop a computer-based procrastination treatment that incorporates principles from the literature. The treatment is tested with undergraduate participants who keep journals of intentions to study versus the time actually spent studying. The treatment reduces the participant’s intention-action gap, but with less efficacy than the individual exercises that compose the treatment. A self-report measure of impulsiveness is found to identify people who will benefit most from the treatment. Experimental literature is reviewed to identify specific improvements to the methodology, literature streams for further review, and a promising field setting for future studies.
Approximation of invariant foliations for stochastic dynamical systems
Creators: name: Sun, Xu
name: Kan, Xingye
name: Duan, Jinqiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Invariant foliations are geometric structures for describing and understanding the qualitative behaviors of nonlinear dynamical systems. For stochastic dynamical systems, however, these geometric structures themselves are complicated random sets. Thus it is desirable to have some techniques to approximate random invariant foliations. In this paper, invariant foliations are approximated for dynamical systems with small noisy perturbations, via asymptotic analysis. Namely, random invariant foliations are represented as a perturbation of the deterministic invariant foliations, with deviation errors estimated.
Covariant nucleon wave function with S, D, and P-state components
Creators: name: Gross, Franz
name: Ramalho, G.
name: Pena, M. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Expressions for the nucleon wave functions in the covariant spectator theory (CST) are derived. The nucleon is described as a system with a off-mass-shell constituent quark, free to interact with an external probe, and two spectator constituent quarks on their mass shell. Integrating over the internal momentum of the on-mass-shell quark pair allows us to derive an effective nucleon wave function that can be written only in terms of the quark and diquark (quark-pair) variables. The derived nucleon wave function includes contributions from S, P and D-waves.
description: 13 pages and 1 figure
Observations in Lipid Membrane Systems
Creators: name: Munro, Fay
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biology--Cell
subject: Lipids
subject: Membrane
subject: Signaling

description: The plasma membrane is phase separated into a fluid (Ld) phase and a more ordered (Lo) phase. The latter exists as small “rafts” of specific lipid composition containing a host of signaling proteins. Lipid raft theory links the aggregation of rafts to a signaling event. In its current iteration, the theory is incomplete, as it does not explain how rafts form and how they aggregate and disperse again. These problems are addressed when the membrane is viewed as a critical system. Previous work using giant plasma membrane vesicles (GPMVs) used this framework to explain the dynamics of the rafts. We intended to show critical behavior as a factor for cell signaling. Critical behavior was not easily ascertained and further observations were made. We found a heterogeneous population with respect to the behavior of the vesicles. We categorized these observations with respect to the appearance of the lipid membrane to characterize the phenomenon.
The MERGE study: Medical escape room as a gaming experience
Creators: name: Auer, Silva
name: Al-Jufalli, Noura
name: Randhawa, Jaspreet
name: Gouveia, Alexandre
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2024

description: Vertigo, a common complaint in primary care, is challenging due to its complex presentation. Correct diagnosis and efficient treatment are crucial to avoid diagnostic errors and excessive investigations. Novel teaching methods are needed to engage modern learners, and escape games in medical education have shown promising potential in enhancing both engagement and learning.



The MedEscapeRoom at Unisanté (Centre for Primary Care and Public Health, University of Lausanne) serves as a novel educational tool for managing acute vertigo. It focuses on identifying red flags in vertigo presentations and recognizing diagnostic and therapeutic manoeuvres for peripheral vertigo. Additionally, it fosters teamwork in solving clinical cases. In a quasi-experimental study, primary care residents participated in the MedEscapeRoom in groups for 60 minutes. Knowledge, self-assessed competency, and satisfaction were evaluated, pre and post-intervention, using surveys and analysed with statistical tests. 



32 primary care residents (65.6% female, mean age 33.6 ± 4.8 years) participated. Significant improvements were noted in the number of recognized red flags for vertigo (from 3.9 ± 1.2 to 5.5 ± 0.7, p < 0.001) and identification of therapeutic manoeuvres (p < 0.02) in the postintervention group.  Self-assessed competence in diagnosing and treating vertigo also increased by .88 points in a scale from 1 to 5 (p < .05).



The MERGE study demonstrates that an innovative educational approach, such as the MedEscapeRoom, can effectively enhance the knowledge and self-assessed competency of primary care residents in managing vertigo. The significant improvements in recognizing red flags and therapeutic manoeuvres underscore the value of engaging and interactive teaching methods in medical education. The study also highlights the potential of collaborative learning environments in fostering critical thinking and teamwork skills. Future studies should explore the long-term retention of knowledge and skills gained through such novel teaching methods and their impact on clinical practice.
Search for B_s --> mu+mu- and B_d --> mu+mu- Decays with CDF II
Creators: name: CDF Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search has been performed for B_s --> mu+mu- and B_d --> mu+mu- decays using 7/fb of integrated luminosity collected by the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron collider. The observed number of B_d candidates is consistent with background-only expectations and yields an upper limit on the branching fraction of BF(B_d-->mu+mu-) < 6.0E-9 at 95% confidence level. We observe an excess of B_s candidates. The probability that the background processes alone could produce such an excess or larger is 0.27%. The probability that the combination of background and the expected standard model rate of B_s --> mu+mu- could produce such an excess or larger is 1.9%. These data are used to determine BF(B_s-->mu+mu-) = (1.8^{+1.1}_{-0.9})E-8 and provide an upper limit of BF(B_s -->mu+mu-) < 4.0E-8 at 95% confidence level.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure; version accepted by PRL
On the association of ULXs with young superclusters: M82 X-1 and a new candidate in NGC 7479
Creators: name: Voss, R.
name: Nielsen, M. T. B.
name: Nelemans, G.
name: Fraser, M.
name: Smartt, S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the spatial coincidence of ultra-luminous X-ray sources (ULXs) with young massive stellar clusters. In particular we perform astrometry on Chandra and HST data of two ULXs that are possibly associated with such clusters. To date M82 X-1 is the only ULX claimed to be coincident with a young massive stellar cluster. We remeasure the position of this source with a high accuracy and find that the position of the X-ray source is 0.65 arcsec away from the stellar cluster, corresponding to an offset significance of 3 sigma. We also report the discovery of a new candidate, based on observations of NGC 7479. One of the ULXs observed in three X-ray observations is found to be spatially coincident (within 1 sigma of the position error) with a young super-cluster observed in the HST images. In the brightest state, the absorbed luminosity of the ULX is a few times $10^{40}$ erg s$^{-1}$, and in the faintest state below the detection limit of $\sim4$ times $10^{39}$ erg s$^{-1}$. The luminosity in the brightest state requires an accreting black hole mass of at least 100 M$_{\odot}$ assuming isotropic emission. However it is possible that the source is contaminated by X-ray emission from the nearby supernova SN2009jf. In this case the luminosity of the ULX is in a range where it is strongly debated whether it is a super-Eddington stellar mass black hole or an intermediate mass black hole. The colours of the host cluster indicate a young stellar population, with an age between 10 and 100 Myr. The total stellar mass of the cluster is $\sim5\cdot10^{5}$M$_{\odot}$.
description: To appear in MNRAS letters
Pseudomalus violaceus Scopoli
Creators: name: Paukkunen, Juho
name: Rosa, Paolo
name: Soon, Villu
name: Johansson, Niklas
name: Ødegaard, Frode
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Chrysididae
Pseudomalus
Pseudomalus violaceus

description: 10. Pseudomalus violaceus (Scopoli, 1763)
Sphex violacea Scopoli 1763: 298. Type?; Europe (lost).
Chrysis micans Olivier 1791: 677. Type?; Sweden (Mus.?).
Chrysis fuscipennis Dahlbom 1829: 15. Syntypes; Sweden (ZMUL) (examined). Zetterstedt 1840: 434.
Chrysis coerulea Dahlbom 1831: 33 [part., C. coerulea var. a.] Syntypes ♀ ♂; Sweden (ZMUL). Kawall 1866b: 159.
Omalus coeruleus: Dahlbom 1854: 34, Thomson 1870: 103, Siebke 1880: 73, Nerén 1892: 112, Borries 1897: 97, Strand 1898: 96 (as O. coeruleis).
Elampus violaceus: Aurivillius 1911: 6, Frey 1921: 207, Lindberg 1921: 9.
Ellampus violaceus: Hellén 1920: 208, Berland & Bernard 1938: 37.
Omalus violaceus: Borries 1891: 91, Trautmann 1927: 33, Jansson 1934: 287, Hellén 1935: 8, Nordman 1942: 134, Benno 1950: 26, Balthasar 1954: 87, Frey 1957: 160, Valkeila 1962: 63, Tumšs & Maršakovs 1970: 90, Erlandsson 1971: 88, Vikberg 1986b: 67, Hedström 1987: 156, Nilsson 1991: 82, Cederberg 2000: 178, Söderman & Vikberg 2003: 44, Mukkala et al. 2005: 6, Kalniņš et al. 2007: 142, Allearter.dk 2010, Jantunen & Saarinen 2010: 49, Appelqvist & Lindholm 2012: 16.
Pseudomalus violaceus: Kimsey & Bohart 1991: 270, Soon 2004: 20, 45, Karlsson 2008, Artsdatabanken 2010, Orlovskytė et al. 2010: 147, Paukkunen 2010: 543, Ødegaard et al. 2011: 64, Hallin 2012, Rosa & Soon 2012, Dyntaxa 2013, Johansson, in press.
Distribution: Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Sweden.—Transpalearctic. Europe, Middle East, Siberia, Manchuria (Linsenmaier 1997).
Remarks. The species has been found in all Nordic and Baltic countries, but not in Russian Fennoscandia. In Finland it is rare and has been classified as near threatened (Paukkunen 2010). Also in Sweden the species is considered to be uncommon and has previously been red listed (Cederberg 2000).
description: Published as part of Paukkunen, Juho, Rosa, Paolo, Soon, Villu, Johansson, Niklas & Ødegaard, Frode, 2014, Faunistic review of the cuckoo wasps of Fennoscandia, Denmark and the Baltic countries (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae), pp. 1-67 in Zootaxa 3864 (1) on pages 12-13, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3864.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4930433
Regression approaches to estimation of relative risk : application to multiple sclerosis studies
Creators: name: Fu, Shing
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Using a log link for binary response in generalized linear mixed-effects models (GLMM) allows direct estimation of the relative risk. If a random intercept is the only random effect in the conditional mean structure, the marginal mean has the same form. The fixed effects, representing the log relative risks, have the same interpretation in both the mixed-effects model and the marginal model. This leads to two approaches to estimate the relative risks, 1) maximum likelihood for the mixed-effects models and 2) the generalized estimating equations (GEE) approach for the marginal models. In our study, we apply such log-linear models to assess the effects of neutralizing antibodies on interferon beta-1b in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. The results obtained by the two approaches are compared. The relative efficiency of the GEE approach and the robustness of the GLMM approach to some forms of misspecification of the model for the random effects are studied by simulations.
Investigation of Depolarization as the Trigger for Lubricin and Hyaluronan Secretion from Non-Excitable Human Synovial Fibroblasts
Creators: name: Narsingani, Karim
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: Synoviocytes
subject: Lubricin
subject: Hyaluronan
subject: Electrophysiology
subject: Fibroblasts

description: Hyaluronan (HA) and Lubricin are major components of synovial fluid that are produced by synovial fibroblasts. Their secretion pathway remains unclear. However, calcium has been shown to play a major role. Depolarization may increase intracellular calcium. This study hypothesized that depolarization may lead to an increase in HA and Lubricin. Human synovial fibroblasts (HSF) from two donors were depolarized with 100mM extracellular K+. The media was analyzed for HA and Lubricin using and HA ELISA and AlphaLISA, respectively. Calcium fluorescence determined intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i). A generalized estimating equation (GEE) was used for statistical analysis. In the high K+ group HA concentration decreased (p=0.000); however, the Lubricin concentration did not change (p=1.000) and [Ca2+]i decreased. Depolarization with 100mM K+ for 12h did not increase [Ca2+]i, Lubricin levels and decreased HA levels in the HSF conditioned media. Results may indicate K+ is not the ion responsible for the resting membrane potential.
Factor models and variable selection in high-dimensional regression analysis
Creators: name: Kneip, Alois
name: Sarda, Pascal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The paper considers linear regression problems where the number of predictor variables is possibly larger than the sample size. The basic motivation of the study is to combine the points of view of model selection and functional regression by using a factor approach: it is assumed that the predictor vector can be decomposed into a sum of two uncorrelated random components reflecting common factors and specific variabilities of the explanatory variables. It is shown that the traditional assumption of a sparse vector of parameters is restrictive in this context. Common factors may possess a significant influence on the response variable which cannot be captured by the specific effects of a small number of individual variables. We therefore propose to include principal components as additional explanatory variables in an augmented regression model. We give finite sample inequalities for estimates of these components. It is then shown that model selection procedures can be used to estimate the parameters of the augmented model, and we derive theoretical properties of the estimators. Finite sample performance is illustrated by a simulation study.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/11-AOS905 the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
12 PRINCÍPIOS DE ANIMAÇÃO EM JOGOS DE LUTA
Creators: name: Bahia, Sophia
name: Izolani, Leonardo G.
name: Mônica Stein
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Animação
Jogo de luta
Princípios da animação
Jogos digitais

description: Este artigo propõe 12 Princípios da Animação para Jogos de Luta, tendo por base os 12 Princípios da Animação e de contribuições da animadora Mariel Cartwright. Inicia propondo diferenciações inovadoras para as animações de jogos deste gênero, cujo desafio é comunicar movimentos complexos em poucos quadros e em meio à interação com o usuário. Após isso apresenta os 12 Princípios da Animação, para posteriormente analisar o universo dos jogos de luta e suas especificidades. São então propostos outros 12 princípios da animação, voltados a Jogos de Luta, os quais são aqui aplicados na análise do jogo de sucesso deste gênero, Street Fighter III: New Generation.
Energy Commodity Volatility Modelling using GARCH
Creators: name: Efimova, Olga
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Economics--Finance
subject: GARCH
subject: oil price volatility
subject: natural gas price volatility
subject: electricity price volatility
subject: volatility modelling

description: This thesis investigates the empirical properties of oil, natural gas and electricity price volatilities using a range of univariate and multivariate GARCH models and daily data from U.S. wholesale markets for the period from 2000 to 2012. The key contribution to the literature is the estimation of trivariate BEKK, CCC and DCC models that allow us to observe spillovers and interactions among energy markets. We evaluate the performance of each model with a range of diagnostic and forecast performance tests, and also include graphs for short- and long-term forecasts.
Changes in Running Gait Biomechanics Following Exercise Intervention Program in Older Runners
Creators: name: Fukuchi, Reginaldo
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Rehabilitation and Therapy
subject: Artificial Intelligence
subject: Engineering--Biomedical
subject: Ageing
subject: Biomechanics
subject: Machine Learning
subject: Exercise
subject: Running

description: The pursuit of healthy ageing has seen a dramatic increase in the number of older adults engaging in physical activity programs such as running. However, the incidence of running-related injuries among these runners has also increased representing a significant problem considering the inactivity associated with injury. The aim of the present thesis was to address two major problems for clinical researchers: (1) understanding the effects of biological ageing on musculoskeletal function and running biomechanics; (2) understanding the effects of exercise recommended to counteract the effects of ageing. Two studies were conducted to investigate the age-related adaptations in running biomechanics and their association with musculoskeletal function using traditional and an emergent data analysis technique. The first study involved a cross-sectional investigation using traditional statistics and we found an overall reduction in muscle strength and flexibility along with atypical running biomechanics for older runners compared to their younger counterparts. The second study involved a machine learning technique that demonstrated a promising ability to predict age-group membership based only on gait kinematic variables. When a more comprehensive and representative number of gait variables were tested using the same machine learning approach, the results were similar. The final experiment was a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to determine the effects of exercise on musculoskeletal function and running biomechanics in older runners. An innovative scoring approach was developed that demonstrated running biomechanical patterns were not changed following an 8-week stretching or strengthening protocol.
MPEC 2023-X76 : 2023 XN1
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 XN1

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Examining the Short-Term Longitudinal Relationships between Emotion Regulation and Addictive Behaviors among Community Women
Creators: name: Farstad, Sarah
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mental Health
subject: Psychology--Clinical
subject: addiction
subject: binge eating
subject: gambling
subject: emotion regulation
subject: women

description: The purpose of this study was to compare deficits in emotion regulation that are associated with binge eating, food addiction, problem gambling, and substance abuse in order to elucidate similarities and differences between eating pathology and both behavioral addictions (i.e., gambling) and substance addictions (i.e., alcohol and drug abuse). Participants were 202 women from the community who engaged in at-risk binge eating (39%), at-risk gambling (18%), or both behaviors (43%). Participants completed online assessments every two months for six months. The baseline and six-month surveys assessed self-reported emotion dysregulation, binge eating, food addiction, gambling, and substance abuse. The abbreviated two- and four-month surveys assessed only binge eating and gambling. Study 1 compared the facets of emotion regulation that were longitudinally associated with binge eating and the only formally-recognized behavioral addiction, gambling. Emotion dysregulation was associated with increased binge eating and problem gambling but positive urgency had the opposite association to eating pathology versus gambling: higher scores on positive urgency were associated with more severe problem gambling yet slower increases in eating-related impairment over time. Study 2 compared the facets of emotion regulation that were cross-sectionally and longitudinally associated with food addiction and substance abuse. Negative urgency emerged as a common cross-sectional correlate of food addiction and substance abuse, whereas positive urgency and non-acceptance of one’s negative emotions had different associations to food addiction versus substance abuse. Positive urgency predicted increased odds of endorsing future substance abuse problems and decreased odds of endorsing future food addiction, whereas being unaccepting of one’s negative emotions was associated with more severe food addiction symptoms and less severe alcohol-related problems. Overall, these findings suggest that binge eating and food addiction are not associated with the same key deficits in emotion regulation as existing behavioral and substance addictions.
Manifolds with almost nonnegative curvature operator and principal bundles
Creators: name: Herrmann, Martin
name: Sebastian, Dennis
name: Tuschmann, Wilderich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study manifolds with almost nonnegative curvature operator (ANCO) and provide first examples of closed simply connected ANCO mannifolds that do not admit nonnegative curvature operator.
Shifting standards of ethnic tolerance? the case of the Netherlands and the evolution of ethnic intolerance
Creators: name: Langley, Viktoria
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: As a result of rising right-wing populism and widespread Islamophobic discourse, many of the most ‘tolerant’ societies of Western Europe appear to be regressing after decades of post-WWII progress. This thesis questions whether or not there has been a shift in the standard of ethnic tolerance in Western Europe. This thesis asserts that post-War ‘progress’ was not universal and certainly never extended to the tolerance of ethnic diversity. The reality is that ethnic intolerance lingered after the Second World War, in spite of the attempts by post-War leaders to forget the past as quickly as possible. A post-War failure to adequately acknowledge the impact of racism on Western European societies has allowed the current anti-Islamic sentiment visible in policies, politics and public discourse in many nations to flourish. This thesis traces the evolution of ethnic intolerance in the Netherlands since the end of WWII. In the twenty-first century, the Dutch have abandoned the ‘multicultural’ policies of the previous century in favour of some of Western Europe’s strictest immigration and integration requirements. Due mainly to the success of key figures that pushed forward a lingering ethnic intolerance, the reputation for ‘tolerance’ that has previously been ascribed to the Dutch is now being called into question. Based on these developments, this thesis concludes that in the Netherlands ‘progressive’ social values have, until recently, overshadowed the more stagnant and, at times regressive, attitudes and policies directed at ethnic minorities. Finally, this thesis assesses the impact of Dutch developments on the rest of Western Europe, concluding that the ‘new’ right politics that emerged out of the Netherlands have legitimized ethnic intolerance, thereby enabling other Western European nations to adopt similar approaches to the immigration and integration of ethnic minorities while maintaining ‘liberal’ values.
Quantum phase slip phenomenon in ultra-narrow superconducting nanorings
Creators: name: Arutyunov, K. Yu.
name: Hongisto, T. T.
name: Lehtinen, J. S.
name: Leino, L. I.
name: Vasiliev, A. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The smaller the system, typically - the higher is the impact of fluctuations. In narrow superconducting wires sufficiently close to the critical temperature Tc thermal fluctuations are responsible for the experimentally observable finite resistance. Quite recently it became possible to fabricate sub-10 nm superconducting structures, where the finite resistivity was reported within the whole range of experimentally obtainable temperatures. The observation has been associated with quantum fluctuations capable to quench zero resistivity in superconducting nanowires even at temperatures T-->0. Here we demonstrate that in tiny superconducting nanorings the same phenomenon is responsible for suppression of another basic attribute of superconductivity - persistent currents - dramatically affecting their magnitude, the period and the shape of the current-phase relation. The effect is of fundamental importance demonstrating the impact of quantum fluctuations on the ground state of a macroscopically coherent system, and should be taken into consideration in various nanoelectronic applications.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures
Water–Energy–Food–Climate Change Nexus in The Arab Cities: The Case of Amman City, Jordan
Creators: name: Al-Zu'bi, Maha
Publisher: name: Environmental Design
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Education--Social Sciences
subject: Urban and Regional Planning
subject: FOS: Social and economic geography
subject: Climate policy
subject: Amman city
subject: Jordan
subject: Arab cities
subject: Water-energy-food nexus
subject: Household

description: The primary objective of this research is to propose an integrated climate policy framework for Greater Amman Municipality (GAM) by conceptualizing ways in which the water–energy–food (WEF) nexus approach might help to achieve that objective. The research adopted a case study method using mixed techniques (interviews, ethnography, and survey) to consider various contextual factors (e.g., Arab region, Jordan, and Jabal Al Natheef community in Amman city). Data was examined from different perspectives to aid in validating the conclusions. In general, results show eight factors affecting Arab cities from advancing the WEF nexus approach: centralized governance, top-down planning and incoherent policy processes, regional instability, the socio-economic conditions, climate change impact, urbanization, scarcity of resources, and demographics. More specifically, in GAM, study findings disclosed many factors that would hinder the transition from the current “silo” to the proposed “nexus” approach. Some of these factors are related to the nature of relationships between GAM and central government; others are specific to GAM’s policymaking framework. Despite these challenges, some opportunities already exist that might advance the GAM climate policy framework, such as Jordan’s Decentralization Law and Jordan’s national climate change policy. However, downscaling and exploring the WEF nexus at the household level demonstrates discrepancies between householders and policy-makers in terms of WEF perceptions and priorities, low level of climate-change-related awareness, low level of participation, the significant relation between gender and the WEF nexus approach, and householders can make climate-friendly decisions in their daily routine. Exploration of the WEF nexus at various spatial levels points toward elements of integrated climate policy framework for GAM, such as enhancing the legal framework, establishing the Sustainability Office, enhancing communication and policy coordination, enhancing awareness and maintaining urban climate change dialogue, empowering the community, securing financial resources, and enhancing the policy-making process. Locating GAM as the focal point of intervention will provide policy-makers and practitioners with the necessary information and evidence base to make decisions that promote sustainable development. Since most of the Arab cities shared similar challenges, the research findings are also transferable and applicable to other Arab cities.
Unruh--DeWitt detectors in spherically symmetric dynamical space-times
Creators: name: Acquaviva, G.
name: Di Criscienzo, R.
name: Tolotti, M.
name: Vanzo, L.
name: Zerbini, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present paper, Unruh--DeWitt detectors are used in order to investigate the issue of temperature associated with a spherically symmetric dynamical space-times. Firstly, we review the semi-classical tunneling method, then we introduce the Unruh--DeWitt detector approach. We show that for the generic static black hole case and the FRW de Sitter case, making use of peculiar Kodama trajectories, semiclassical and quantum field theoretic techniques give the same standard and well known thermal interpretation, with an associated temperature, corrected by appropriate Tolman factors. For a FRW space-time interpolating de Sitter space with the Einstein--de Sitter universe (that is a more realistic situation in the frame of $Λ$CDM cosmologies), we show that the detector response splits into a de Sitter contribution plus a fluctuating term containing no trace of Boltzmann-like factors, but rather describing the way thermal equilibrium is reached in the late time limit. As a consequence, and unlike the case of black holes, the identification of the dynamical surface gravity of a cosmological trapping horizon as an effective temperature parameter seems lost, at least for our co-moving simplified detectors. The possibility remains that a detector performing a proper motion along a Kodama trajectory may register something more, in which case the horizon surface gravity would be associated more likely to vacuum correlations than to particle creation.
description: 19 pages, to appear on IJTP. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1101.5254
Physical Properties of Athabasca Bitumen and Liquid Solvent Mixtures
Creators: name: Guan, Jianguo
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Engineering--Petroleum
subject: Bitumen and Solvent

description: Heavy oil and bitumen are composed of high molecular weight compounds, resulting in more viscous fluids than most conventional crude oils. For the production and transportation of such heavy fluids, it is necessary to reduce their viscosity. The dilution of such heavy fluids with liquid solvent is one of the practical methods to reduce the oil viscosity to the desired level. In this study, a designed experimental apparatus has been set up to accurately measure the variations of viscosity and density for raw bitumen, aromatic solvents and bitumen/solvent mixtures under conditions applicable for both in situ recovery methods and pipeline transportation. The bitumen samples were taken from an Athabasca oil field, and the aromatic solvents were highly purified toluene and xylenes. On the basis of the experimental results, the influences of pressure, temperature and solvent concentration on the density and viscosity of the raw bitumen and its pseudo-binary mixtures with aromatic solvents were considered. The experimental density and viscosity data for the solvents and for raw bitumen were then correlated using different correlations from the literature. The experimental density and viscosity data for the mixtures of Athabasca bitumen with toluene and xylenes were also evaluated with models representing certain mixing rules proposed in the literature. The density data were well predicted with an equation that assumed no volume change occurs upon mixing. In contrast, the viscosity data of the studied conditions were well correlated with Lederer’s model and the power law model, both of which include one adjustable parameter. The comparison of the experimental and modeling results demonstrates that the calculated values of mixture density and viscosity showed slight deviations from the measured values at the highest temperature and highest solvent concentrations.
1D Modeling for Temperature-Dependent Upflow in the Dimming Region Observed by Hinode/EIS
Creators: name: Imada, S.
name: Hara, H.
name: Watanabe, T.
name: Murakami, I.
name: Harra, L. K.
name: Shimizu, T.
name: Zweibel, E. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have previously found a temperature-dependent upflow in the dimming region following a coronal mass ejection (CME) observed by the {\it Hinode} EUV Imaging Spectrometer (EIS). In this paper, we reanalyzed the observations along with previous work on this event, and provided boundary conditions for modeling. We found that the intensity in the dimming region dramatically drops within 30 minutes from the flare onset, and the dimming region reaches the equilibrium stage after $\sim$1 hour later. The temperature-dependent upflows were observed during the equilibrium stage by EIS. The cross sectional area of the fluxtube in the dimming region does not appear to expand significantly. From the observational constraints, we reconstructed the temperature-dependent upflow by using a new method which considers the mass and momentum conservation law, and demonstrated the height variation of plasma conditions in the dimming region. We found that a super radial expansion of the cross sectional area is required to satisfy the mass conservation and momentum equations. There is a steep temperature and velocity gradient of around 7 Mm from the solar surface. This result may suggest that the strong heating occurred above 7 Mm from the solar surface in the dimming region. We also showed that the ionization equilibrium assumption in the dimming region is violated especially in the higher temperature range.
description: accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Direct Trade Coffee: Prospects and Pitfalls
Creators: name: Badiyan-Eyford, Justin
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Social Sciences
subject: Coffee
subject: Trade
subject: Direct

description: This thesis aims to begin a discussion about the potential of direct trade relationships to provide an alternative to coffee producers that can balance quality, competition and trust. The research conducted explores the circumstances and motivations that attract coffee producers to direct trade relationships. Qualitative interviews, relevant literature and Pierre Bourdieu’s conceptual tools of field and capital are used to analyze the relationship between macro structures and the subjective world of individuals. This thesis finds that coffee producers are not only attracted to the high and stable prices of direct trade but they are drawn to the potential of gaining more control in the trade process. The emphasis placed on quality encourages trust and investment and facilitates a shift in the power dynamic between roasters and producers. This suggests that direct trade has the potential to be a fair alternative for producers.
The Dynamic Role of Pulmonary Neutrophils in the Fungal Clearance and Immunopathology During Systemic Candidiasis in vivo
Creators: name: Lee, Esther Kyung Su
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Health Sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Fungal infection
subject: Candida albicans
subject: Intravital Imaging
subject: Neutrophil
subject: host-pathogen interaction

description: Neutrophils are key players in the host immune response against systemic infection with C. albicans, which is the fourth most common bloodstream infection in North America. Using intravital microscopy, we investigated the role of marginated pulmonary neutrophils in the host defense against disseminated C. albicans. We found that this unique population of neutrophils rapidly clears the fungus that sequesters to the pulmonary vasculature in a C5a-dependent fashion. This uptake of C. albicans by the neutrophils then leads to the formation of dense, motile clusters in the vasculature via LTB4 amplification. The formation and persistence of the neutrophil vascular clusters are independent of beta-2 integrins, platelets, and NETs. Although complement-mediated uptake of the fungus is required for the host survival, subsequent neutrophil cluster formation contributes to disease pathology. Therefore, we see that the rapid neutrophilic response in the lung against disseminated candidiasis is a dynamic, double-edged process.
Experimental Investigation of Gas Hydrate Formation Habit in Porous Media Using Permeability and Thermal Conductivity Measurements
Creators: name: Sia, Chee Wee
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Engineering--Petroleum
subject: hydrate
subject: Porous Media
subject: Carbon Dioxide

description: The in-place volume of methane in gas hydrate deposits surpasses the recoverable conventional methane by at least two orders of magnitude. Many studies have been conducted to improve the forecast of gas production and this requires the inclusion of good property prediction methods for reliable feasibility investigation. A number of authors have speculated about the formation behaviour of the hydrate, either as coating the grains or filling the pores. This topic remains controversial as there is supporting evidence on both sides. In this current work, an experimental study was conducted by forming carbon dioxide hydrate using different initial water saturations in a sand-packed medium. The formation habit of gas hydrate in porous media is investigated by the approach of permeability comparisons and thermal conductivity responses. The ratio of pore surface area to pore volume responses estimated using Kozeny grain model based on the permeability at different hydrate saturations suggests that gas hydrate formation behaviour agrees to certain extend with the distribution of the water within the sand-pack. The responses of the thermal conductivity varied at different hydrate saturation shows the same trend as the partially water saturated sand pack system. Based on these outcomes, this study suggests that the formation habit of gas hydrate in porous media formed in system understudy is grain coating and formed according to the water distribution.
title: Oxergy analysis of the installation of primary oil refining
Creators: name: Gulyamov, Sh.M.
name: Khojieva, N.J.
name: Isakova, S.
Publisher: name: Tashkent State Technical University Named after Islam Karimov
Year: 2020

description: The questions of thermodynamic exergy analysis of complex chemical and technological systems based on the study of the conversion of exergy in technological apparatuses and installations for the rational use of exergy circulating in the CTS are set forth . A functional approach to the selection of environmental parameters has been substantiated , which allows, indirectly, in the absence of data on the exact chemical composition of the process stream, to reliably determine the second component of exergy. An exergy analysis of the existing ELOU-AVT unit at an existing oil refinery was carried out with an increase in its productivity providing the necessary degree of oil heating.
A humanist perspective on artificial intelligence
Creators: name: AGUSTÍ-CULLELL, Jaume
name: SCHORLEMMER, Marco
Publisher: name: COMPRENDRE: Revista catalana de filosofia
Year: 2021

description: We try to give an answer to the following question: What should we take account of when designing and using AI systems so they contribute to the development of the socially embodied human intelligence on which human fulfilment depends? First, we consider the current impact of AI on the development of human intelligence showing some of its ambiguities. [...] In order to avoid misunderstandings, we need to accurately distinguish between intelligence, knowledge, information, and data. We denounce the abuses of metaphors that attribute human qualities and powers [...]. We glance through the two main AI models of intelligence [...]. Finally, we consider the need to govern AI in ways that will be truly beneficial for all of humanity.
description: COMPRENDRE: Revista catalana de filosofia, Vol. 23, Núm. 1 (2021)
Seasonal Effects on the Nutrition and Energetic Condition of Female White-Faced Capuchin Monkeys
Creators: name: Bergstrom, Mackenzie Lee
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cebus capucinus
subject: behavioral ecology
subject: seasonality
subject: food availability
subject: Nutrition
subject: dietary quality
subject: energetics
subject: relative muscle mass
subject: C-peptide

description: Seasonal variation in food availability can ultimately affect female reproductive success. I investigated the effect of seasonality on the behavior, nutritional intake and physical condition of female white-faced capuchins in Sector Santa Rosa, Costa Rica. Capuchins are omnivorous neotropical primates that focus foraging effort on fruit and invertebrate resources. My project objectives were to 1) document the dietary profile of females; 2) measure the extent of seasonal variation in diet; 3) determine if seasonal variation in fruit abundance affects the physical condition of females; and 4) identify which ecological and social variables most strongly predict variation in energy balance. I collected 12 months of behavioral observations on 25 adult females living in three habituated groups between September 2009 and April 2011. I conducted phenological surveys and nutritional analyses of foods to document energy availability and nutritional intake. I measured the creatinine concentration and specific gravity of urine samples to estimate the relative muscle mass of females, and I ran radioimmunoassays to quantify urinary C-peptide, a biomarker for energy balance. Females exhibited seasonal changes in foraging behavior, diet and physical condition. During low fruit abundance months, invertebrates comprised a larger proportion of total energy and protein intake than did fruit. Lepidopteran larvae (i.e., caterpillars) were a particularly important invertebrate resource and comprised a large proportion of energy and protein intake during the early rainy season (May – August). Despite seasonal dietary shifts, females did not meet estimated energy requirements in some months. The relative muscle mass of females was higher during months with high versus low fruit abundance, and varied by group according to the energy available from ripe fruit. In addition, females produced urinary ketones during months with low fruit and energy intake. C-peptide analysis accurately reflected energy balance and indicated that females experienced low energy balance during low fruit months. Ripe fruit energy density (kJ/ha) was the single most important predictor of female energy balance. This extensive examination of dietary flexibility and the physiological costs associated with living in a seasonal habitat will help us to elucidate the relationship among environmental conditions, behavior and reproductive success in female primates.
Hamburg Open Science: Forschungdatenrepositorium: Grobkonzept und Metadatenschema
Creators: name: Rajski, Beate
name: Wörner, Kai
name: Gewehr, Jan Erik
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: research data repository
Hamburg

description: Für die Universität Hamburg und die TU Hamburg wird jeweils ein eigenes Forschungsdatenrepository (FDR)
 aufgebaut. Dies gewährleistet den Angehörigen der Hochschule eine dauerhafte und verlässliche Speicherung
 von Forschungsdaten, die dort generiert wurden. Das Repository ist institutionell und nicht disziplinspezifisch
 ausgerichtet. Es steht damit vor allem für die Forschungsdaten zur Verfügung, für die kein geeigneteres
 disziplinspezifisches Repository verfügbar ist. Die Daten werden nach den FAIR-Data-Prinzipien gespeichert,
 um sicherzustellen, dass Daten auffindbar, zugänglich, interoperabel und nachnutzbar sind. Die Daten werden
 in der Regel Open Access gestellt und mit einer Lizenz für die Nachnutzung versehen. Eine Einschränkung
 des Zugriffs auf Benutzerkreise bis hin zur reinen Speicherung ohne öffentlichen Zugang ist möglich.