cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A volatile polymer stamp for large-scale, etching-free, and ultraclean transfer and assembly of two-dimensional materials and its heterostructures
Creators: name: Dai, Zhigao
name: Wang, Yupeng
name: Liu, Lu
name: Deng, Junkai
name: Tang, Wen-Xin
name: Ou, Qingdong
name: Wang, Ziyu
name: Uddin, Md Hemayet
name: Si, Guangyuan
name: Zhang, Qianhui
name: Duan, Wenhui
name: Fuhrer, Michael S.
name: Zheng, Changxi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The intact transfer and assembly of two-dimensional (2D) materials and their heterostructures are critical for their integration into advanced electronic and optical devices. Herein, we report a facile technique called volatile polymer stamping (VPS) to achieve efficient transfer of 2D materials and assembly of large-scale heterojunctions with clean interfaces. The central feature of the VPS technique is the use of volatile polyphthalaldehyde (PPA) together with hydrophobic polystyrene (PS). While PS enables the direct delamination of 2D materials from hydrophilic substrates owing to water intercalation, PPA can protect 2D materials from solution attack and maintain their integrity during PS removal. Thereafter, PPA can be completely removed by thermal annealing at 180 °C. The proposed VPS technique overcomes the limitations of currently used transfer techniques, such as chemical etching during the delamination stage, solution tearing during cleaning, and contamination from polymer residues.
Bacterial genome sequencing tracks the housefly-associated dispersal of fluoroquinolone- and cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli from a pig farm
Creators: name: Behrens, Wiebke
name: Kolte, Baban
name: Junker, Vera
name: Frentrup, Martinique
name: Dolsdorf, Claudia
name: Börger, Maria
name: Jaleta, Megarsa
name: Kabelitz, Tina
name: Amon, Thomas
name: Werner, Doreen
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Escherichia coli
subject: antimicrobial resistance
subject: livestock
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: The regular use of antimicrobials in livestock production selects for antimicrobial resistance. The potential impact of this practice on human health needs to be studied in more detail, including the role of the environment for the persistence and transmission of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. During an investigation of a pig farm and its surroundings in Brandenburg, Germany, we detected abundant cephalosporin- and fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli in pig faeces, sedimented dust, and house flies (Musca domestica). Genome sequencing of E. coli isolates revealed large phylogenetic diversity and plasmid-borne extended-spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) genes CTX-M-1 in multiple strains. [Correction added on 28 February 2023, after first online publication: In the preceding sentence, ‘and TEM-1’ was previously included but has been deleted in this version.] Close genomic relationships indicated frequent transmission of antimicrobial-resistant E. coli between pigs from different herds and across buildings of the farm and suggested dust and flies as vectors for dissemination of faecal pathogens. Strikingly, we repeatedly recovered E. coli from flies collected up to 2 km away from the source, whose genome sequences were identical or closely related to those from pig faeces isolates, indicating the fly-associated transport of diverse ESBL-producing E. coli from the pig farm into urban habitation areas. The observed proximity of contaminated flies to human households poses a risk of transmission of antimicrobial-resistant enteric pathogens from livestock to man.
title: Factors affecting the performance of ventilation systems in large buildings
Creators: name: Shaw, C. Y.
Publisher: name: National Research Council of Canada. Institute for Research in Construction
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Ventilation
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0642
subject: Ventilation
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0642

description: Three strategies for achieving acceptable indoor air quality are ventilation, source control and cleaning/filtration. The performance and energy efficiency of a ventilation system is affected by air distribution, air leakage and local exhaust. Wind blowing around and over a building can play havoc with air distribution. Air leakage can waste much energy. Where a contaminant source such as a photocopier is present, a local exhaust has to be installed, because in such circumstances ventilation alone cannot ensure acceptable air quality. For office buildings and schools, in which occupancy varies over a 24-hour period, demand-control ventilation based on C02 levels may work well.
description: Les trois stratégies permettant d'obtenir une qualité de l'air intérieur acceptable sont la ventilation, le contrôle à la source et la filtration/épuration de l'air. La distribution de l'air, les fuites d'air et l'évacuation locale de l'air jouent un grand rôle sur la performance et sur l'efficacité énergétique d'un système de ventilation. Les vents qui soufflent sur un bâtiment peuvent avoir de sérieuses conséquences sur la distribution d'air. Les fuites d'air peuvent être à l'origine d'importantes pertes d'énergie. Dans un local abritant un agent contaminant comme une photocopieuse, il faut installer une évacuation d'air locale car, dans ce cas, la ventilation seule ne permet pas d'assurer une qualité de l'air intérieur acceptable. Quant aux immeubles de bureaux et aux écoles, dans lesquels l'occupation varie sur 24 heures, une ventilation contrôlée à la demande en fonction du niveau de CO2 semble bien fonctionner.
title: Performance issues with muntin bars in sealed insulating glass units
Creators: name: Elmahdy, A. H.
Publisher: name: National Research Council of Canada. Institute for Research in Construction
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Moisture performance
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0392
subject: Performance hygrométrique
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0392

description: Muntin bars are the strips of, say, aluminum or vinyl, that are inserted between the sheets of glass of an insulating glass unit (IGU) -- to give the Colonial look. It comes with a price: reduced R-value and reduced interior glass surface temperature, hence reduced condensation resistance of an IGU, all because the muntin bars cause thermal bridging. Furthermore, under ultraviolet radiation, they also cause fogging, i.e., volatile materials evaporate and then condense on the glass. This is not to imply that an IGU should go without muntin bars, because there are ways of avoiding possible problems.
description: Bandes d'aluminium ou de vinyle, les croisillons sont insérés entre les feuilles de verre d'un vitrage isolant (V.I.) pour donner un air colonial. Mais cette décoration n'est pas sans conséquences : valeur Rf et température de surface de la vitre intérieure réduites, d'où une résistance à la condensation réduite également, les croisillons jouant le rôle de pont thermique. Qui plus est, sous l'effet des rayons ultraviolets, il peut y avoir formation de buée due au dégagement de matières organiques volatiles et à leur condensation sur la vitre. Il existe cependant des façons de remédier à ces problèmes éventuels et le vitrage à croisillons ne doit pas obligatoirement être rejeté.
Phase separation transition of reconstituting k-mers in one dimension
Creators: name: Daga, Bijoy
name: Mohanty, P. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a driven diffusive model involving poly-dispersed hard k-mers on a one dimensional periodic ring and investigate the possibility of phase separation transition in such systems. The dynamics consists of a size dependent directional drive and reconstitution of k-mers. The reconstitution dynamics constrained to occur among consecutive immobile k-mers allows them to change their size while keeping the total number of k-mers and the volume occupied by them conserved. We show by mapping the model to a two species misanthrope process that its steady state has a factorized form. Along with a fluid phase, the interplay of drift and reconstitution can generate a macroscopic k-mer, or a slow moving k-mer with a macroscopic void in front of it, or both. We demonstrate this phenomenon for some specific choice of drift and reconstitution rates and provide exact phase boundaries which separate the four phases.
description: 16 pages, 7 eps figures( major revision)
Bicyclists riding past Tibetan demonstrators carrying banners and calling for an end to price increases, Lhasa, 1993
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Demonstrations
Tibetans--Economic conditions
Tibetans

description: Photograph of bicyclists riding past Tibetan demonstrators carrying banners and calling for an end to price increases in the streets of Lhasa.
Cross-species oncogenomics offers insight into human muscle-invasive bladder cancer
Creators: name: Wong, Kim
name: Abascal, Federico
name: Ludwig, Latasha
name: Aupperle-Lellbach, Heike
name: Grassinger, Julia
name: Wright, Colin W.
name: Allison, Simon J.
name: Pinder, Emma
name: Phillips, Roger M.
name: Klopfleisch, Robert
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Canine
subject: Feline
subject: Bovine
subject: Urinary bladder
subject: Cancer
subject: Mutational signature
subject: Bracken
subject: Ptaquiloside
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Background In humans, muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is highly aggressive and associated with a poor prognosis. With a high mutation load and large number of altered genes, strategies to delineate key driver events are necessary. Dogs and cats develop urothelial carcinoma (UC) with histological and clinical similarities to human MIBC. Cattle that graze on bracken fern also develop UC, associated with exposure to the carcinogen ptaquiloside. These species may represent relevant animal models of spontaneous and carcinogen-induced UC that can provide insight into human MIBC. Results Whole-exome sequencing of domestic canine (n = 87) and feline (n = 23) UC, and comparative analysis with human MIBC reveals a lower mutation rate in animal cases and the absence of APOBEC mutational signatures. A convergence of driver genes (ARID1A, KDM6A, TP53, FAT1, and NRAS) is discovered, along with common focally amplified and deleted genes involved in regulation of the cell cycle and chromatin remodelling. We identify mismatch repair deficiency in a subset of canine and feline UCs with biallelic inactivation of MSH2. Bovine UC (n = 8) is distinctly different; we identify novel mutational signatures which are recapitulated in vitro in human urinary bladder UC cells treated with bracken fern extracts or purified ptaquiloside. Conclusion Canine and feline urinary bladder UC represent relevant models of MIBC in humans, and cross-species analysis can identify evolutionarily conserved driver genes. We characterize mutational signatures in bovine UC associated with bracken fern and ptaquiloside exposure, a human-linked cancer exposure. Our work demonstrates the relevance of cross-species comparative analysis in understanding both human and animal UC.
title: Fire performance of high-strength concrete structural members
Creators: name: Kodur, V. K. R.
Publisher: name: National Research Council of Canada. Institute for Research in Construction
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High performance / High strength concrete
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0744
subject: Haute performance / Haute résistance
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0744
subject: Concrete columns
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0481
subject: Poteaux de béton
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0481

description: Owing to its good structural performance, especially in strength and durability, high-strength concrete (HSC) yields increased usable space in a building because columns can be of smaller diameter than those of normal-strength concrete (NSC). It is, however, an advantage that needs to be carefully weighed. Compared to NSC, HSC columns have a lower fire resistance, which is attributable to its thermal and mechanical properties. To exacerbate its lower fire resistance, HSC can also undergo extensive spalling upon exposure to fire. Fortunately, there are ways to improve the fire performance of HSC, for example by adding fibres to the concrete.
description: À cause de son niveau élevé de performance structurale et de sa grande durabilité, le béton haute résistance (BHR) permet d'accroître l'espace utilisable dans un bâtiment car sa résistance à la compression permet de réaliser des poteaux de diamètre réduit par rapport à ceux faits en béton de résistance normale (BRN). Mais attention, c'est un avantage qui doit être soigneusement analysé. Comparés aux poteaux de BRN, les poteaux de BHR présentent une résistance au feu plus faible due aux propriétés thermiques et mécaniques de ce type de béton. Le BHR, sous l'effet du feu, présente aussi des risques d'effritement important. Heureusement, il existe des moyens d'augmenter la résistance au feu du BHR, en ajoutant par exemple des fibres au béton.
Reliable Synthesis of Large-Area Monolayer WS2 Single Crystals, Films, and Heterostructures with Extraordinary Photoluminescence Induced by Water Intercalation
Creators: name: Zhang, Qianhui
name: Lu, Jianfeng
name: Wang, Ziyu
name: Dai, Zhigao
name: Zhang, Yupeng
name: Huang, Fuzhi
name: Bao, Qiaoliang
name: Duan, Wenhui
name: Fuhrer, Michael S.
name: Zheng, Changxi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) hold great potential for future low-energy optoelectronics owing to their unique electronic, optical, and mechanical properties. Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is the technique widely used for the synthesis of large-area TMDs. However, due to high sensitivity to the growth environment, reliable synthesis of monolayer TMDs via CVD remains challenging. Here we develop a controllable CVD process for large-area synthesis of monolayer WS2 crystals, films, and in-plane graphene-WS2 heterostructures by cleaning the reaction tube with hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and aqua regia. The concise cleaning process can remove the residual contaminates attached to the CVD reaction tube and crucibles, reducing the nucleation density but enhancing the diffusion length of WS2 species. The photoluminescence (PL) mappings of a WS2 single crystal and film reveal that the extraordinary PL around the edges of a triangular single crystal is induced by ambient water intercalation at the WS2-sapphire interface. The extraordinary PL can be controlled by the choice of substrates with different wettabilities.
Virologic outcomes among adults with HIV using integrase inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy
Creators: name: Rebeiro, P.F.
name: Lu, H.
name: Horberg, M.A.
name: Gill, M.J.
name: Buchacz, K.
name: Westreich, D.
name: Hudgens, M.G.
name: Sterling, T.R.
name: Silverberg, M.J.
name: Adimora, A.A.
name: Eron, J.J.
name: Li, J.
name: Cole, S.R.
name: Kitahata, M.M.
name: Edwards, J.K.
name: Moore, R.D.
name: Althoff, K.N.
name: Lima, V.D.
name: Marconi, V.C.
Publisher: name: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
Year: 2022

description: Background: Integrase strand transfer inhibitor (InSTI)-based regimens have been recommended as first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) for adults with HIV. But data on long-term effects of InSTI-based regimens on virologic outcomes remain limited. Here we examined whether InSTI improved long-term virologic outcomes compared with efavirenz (EFV). Methods: We included adults from the North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design who initiated their first ART regimen containing either InSTI or EFV between 2009 and 2016. We estimated differences in the proportion virologically suppressed up to 7 years of follow-up in observational intention-to-treat and per-protocol analyses. Results: Of 15 318 participants, 5519 (36%) initiated an InSTI-based regimen and 9799 (64%) initiated the EFV-based regimen. In observational intention-to-treat analysis, 81.3% of patients in the InSTI group and 67.3% in the EFV group experienced virologic suppression at 3 months after ART initiation, corresponding to a difference of 14.0% (95% CI 12.4 – 15.6). At 1 year after ART initiation, the proportion virologically suppressed was 89.5% in the InSTI group and 90.2% in the EFV group, corresponding to a difference of -0.7% (95% CI -2.1 to 0.8). At 7 years, the proportion virologically suppressed was 94.5% in the InSTI group and 92.5% in the EFV group, corresponding to a difference of 2.0% (95% CI -7.3 to 11.3). The observational per-protocol results were similar to intention-to-treat analyses. Conclusions: Although InSTI-based initial ART regimens had more rapid virologic response than EFV-based regimens, the long-term virologic effect was similar. Our findings may inform guidelines regarding preferred initial regimens for HIV treatment.
Additional file 2 of Cross-sectional study on the association of periodontitis with arterial hypertension in the Hamburg City Health Study
Creators: name: Könnecke, Henrieke
name: Schnabel, Renate B.
name: Walther, Carolin
name: Lamprecht, Ragna
name: Heydecke, Guido
name: Seedorf, Udo
name: Jagodzinski, Annika
name: Borof, Katrin
name: Zeller, Tanja
name: Beikler, Thomas
name: Smeets, Ralf
name: Gosau, Martin
name: Behrendt, Christian-Alexander
name: Wenzel, Ulrich
name: Börschel, Christin S.
name: Karakas, Mahir
name: Blankenberg, Stefan
name: Aarabi, Ghazal
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Missing data for key variables.
Impact of asymptomatic plasmodium falciparum infection on the risk of subsequent matic malaria in a longitudinal cohort in Kenya
Creators: name: Meshnick, S.R.
name: Freedman, E.
name: Edwards, J.K.
name: Abel, L.
name: Taylor, S.M.
name: Sumner, K.M.
name: Mangeni, J.N.
name: Obala, A.A.
name: O’meara, W.P.
name: Pence, B.W.
Publisher: name: eLife Sciences Publications Ltd
Year: 2021

description: Background: Asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum infections are common in sub-Saharan Africa, but their effect on subsequent symptomaticity is incompletely understood. Methods: In a 29-month cohort of 268 people in Western Kenya, we investigated the association between asymptomatic P. falciparum and subsequent symptomatic malaria with frailty Cox models. Results: Compared to being uninfected, asymptomatic infections were associated with an increased 1-month likelihood of symptomatic malaria [adjusted Hazard Ratio (aHR):2.61, 95%CI:2.05–3.33], and this association was modified by sex, with females [aHR:3.71, 95%CI:2.62–5.24] at higher risk for symptomaticity than males [aHR:1.76, 95%CI:1.24–2.50]. This increased symptomatic malaria risk was observed for asymptomatic infections of all densities and in people of all ages. Long-term risk was attenuated but still present in children under 5 [29-month aHR:1.38, 95%CI:1.05–1.81]. Conclusions: In this high-transmission setting, asymptomatic P. falciparum can be quickly followed by symptoms and may be targeted to reduce the incidence of symptomatic illness.
Radially stabilized inflating cosmic strings
Creators: name: Niedermann, Florian
name: Schneider, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In General Relativity, cosmic strings are well known to produce a static, locally flat spacetime with a wedge removed. If the tension exceeds a critical value, the deficit angle becomes larger than $ 2π$, leading to a compact exterior that ends in a conical singularity. In this work, we investigate dynamical solutions for cosmic strings with super-critical tensions. To this end, we model the string as a cylindrical shell of finite and stabilized transverse width and show that there is a marginally super-critical regime in which the stabilization can be achieved by physically reasonable matter. We show numerically that the static deficit angle solution is unstable for super-critical string tensions. Instead, the geometry starts expanding in axial direction at an asymptotically constant rate, and a horizon is formed in the exterior, which has the shape of a growing cigar. We are able to find the analytic form of the attractor solution describing the interior of the cosmic string. In particular, this enables us to analytically derive the relation between the string tension and the axial expansion rate. Furthermore, we show that the exterior conical singularity can be avoided for dynamical solutions. Our results might be relevant for theories with two extra dimensions, modeling our universe as a cosmic string with a three-dimensional axis. We derive the corresponding Friedmann equation, relating the on-brane Hubble parameter to the string tension or, equivalently, brane cosmological constant.
description: 20 pages, 12 figures, 1 table; v2: matches version published in Physical Review D
Effectiveness of a national mass distribution campaign of long-lasting insecticide-treated nets and indoor residual spraying on clinical malaria in Malawi, 2018-2020
Creators: name: Smith, J.S.
name: Mvalo, T.
name: Topazian, H.M.
name: Emch, M.
name: Pettifor, A.E.
name: Edwards, J.K.
name: Goel, V.
name: Brandt, K.
name: Kayange, M.
name: Gumbo, A.
name: Juliano, J.J.
name: Hoffman, I.
Publisher: name: BMJ Publishing Group
Year: 2021

description: Introduction: Malawi's malaria burden is primarily assessed via cross-sectional national household surveys. However, malaria is spatially and temporally heterogenous and no analyses have been performed at a subdistrict level throughout the course of a year. The WHO recommends mass distribution of long-lasting insecticide-treated bed nets (LLINs) every 3 years, but a national longitudinal evaluation has never been conducted in Malawi to determine LLIN effectiveness lifespans. Methods: Using District Health Information Software 2 (DHIS2) health facility data, available from January 2018 to June 2020, we assessed malaria risk before and after a mass distribution campaign, stratifying by age group and comparing risk differences (RDs) by LLIN type or annual application of indoor residual spraying (IRS). Results: 711 health facilities contributed 20 962 facility reports over 30 months. After national distribution of 10.7 million LLINs and IRS in limited settings, malaria risk decreased from 25.6 to 16.7 cases per 100 people from 2018 to 2019 high transmission seasons, and rebounded to 23.2 in 2020, resulting in significant RDs of -8.9 in 2019 and -2.4 in 2020 as compared with 2018. Piperonyl butoxide (PBO)-treated LLINs were more effective than pyrethroid-treated LLINs, with adjusted RDs of -2.3 (95% CI -2.7 to -1.9) and -1.5 (95% CI -2.0 to -1.0) comparing 2019 and 2020 high transmission seasons to 2018. Use of IRS sustained protection with adjusted RDs of -1.4 (95% CI -2.0 to -0.9) and -2.8% (95% CI -3.5 to -2.2) relative to pyrethroid-treated LLINs. Overall, 12 of 28 districts (42.9%) experienced increases in malaria risk in from 2018 to 2020. Conclusion: LLINs in Malawi have a limited effectiveness lifespan and IRS and PBO-treated LLINs perform better than pyrethroid-treated LLINs, perhaps due to net repurposing and insecticide-resistance. DHIS2 provides a compelling framework in which to examine localised malaria trends and evaluate ongoing interventions.
title: Labour internationalism : an exploration of the grassroots' perspective
Creators: name: Amie Ryland, Rebecca
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: Over recent decades UK trade unions have faced a period of uncertainty due to the ongoing political, economic and cultural shifts in the industrial relations landscape. Many have queried the contemporary role of trade unions arguing they are antiquated and superfluous organisations who have not engaged with new norms that hold that collective organisational principles of solidarity have been replaced by individualised thinking and practice. A variety of strategies have been employed to reverse declines in membership levels and bargaining power but with limited success. The outlook is not entirely bleak however with many turning to what is often referred to as the 'saviour of the labour movement' (Mazur, 2000): a 'new' labour internationalism. Trade unions have a long history of engagement in labour internationalism, however there has been limited investigation into how union initiatives encouraging internationalism and internationalist identifications are received, understood and interpreted at the grassroots, by union members whose subscriptions sustain union activity in the first place. By developing upon a growing expanse of literature within the field of labour geography which seeks to place the politics of labour at the forefront of its analysis, this thesis will explore a case study of UNISON North West, identifying how labour internationalism is understood, expressed and conducted in daily practice. Analyses will be based upon members' personal narratives thus reasserting the importance of worker agency.
VacancySBERT: the approach for representation of titles and skills for semantic similarity search in the recruitment domain
Creators: name: Bocharova, Maiia
name: Malakhov, Eugene
name: Mezhuyev, Vitaliy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68T50

description: The paper focuses on deep learning semantic search algorithms applied in the HR domain. The aim of the article is developing a novel approach to training a Siamese network to link the skills mentioned in the job ad with the title. It has been shown that the title normalization process can be based either on classification or similarity comparison approaches. While classification algorithms strive to classify a sample into predefined set of categories, similarity search algorithms take a more flexible approach, since they are designed to find samples that are similar to a given query sample, without requiring pre-defined classes and labels. In this article semantic similarity search to find candidates for title normalization has been used. A pre-trained language model has been adapted while teaching it to match titles and skills based on co-occurrence information. For the purpose of this research fifty billion title-descriptions pairs had been collected for training the model and thirty three thousand title-description-normalized title triplets, where normalized job title was picked up manually by job ad creator for testing purposes. As baselines FastText, BERT, SentenceBert and JobBert have been used. As a metric of the accuracy of the designed algorithm is Recall in top one, five and ten model's suggestions. It has been shown that the novel training objective lets it achieve significant improvement in comparison to other generic and specific text encoders. Two settings with treating titles as standalone strings, and with included skills as additional features during inference have been used and the results have been compared in this article. Improvements by 10% and 21.5% have been achieved using VacancySBERT and VacancySBERT (with skills) respectively. The benchmark has been developed as open-source to foster further research in the area.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
Local rigidity for actions of Kazhdan groups on non commutative $L_p$-spaces
Creators: name: Bekka, Bachir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22D12, 46L51

description: Given a discrete group $Γ$, a finite factor $\mathcal N$ and a real number $p\in [1, +\infty)$ with $p\neq 2,$ we are concerned with the rigidity of actions of $Γ$ by linear isometries on the $L_p$-spaces $L_p(\mathcal N)$ associated to $\mathcal N$. More precisely, we show that, when $Γ$ and $\mathcal N$ have both Property (T) and under some natural ergodicity condition, such an action $π$ is locally rigid in the group $G$ of linear isometries of $L_p(\mathcal N)$, that is, every sufficiently small perturbation of $π$ is conjugate to $π$ under $G$. As a consequence, when $Γ$ is an ICC Kazhdan group, the action of $Γ$ on its von Neumann algebra ${\mathcal N}(Γ)$, given by conjugation, is locally rigid in the isometry group of $L_p({\mathcal N}(Γ)).$
description: 20 pages
Billboard on biological weapons, Lhasa
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biological weapons
Billboards
Tibetans

description: Text on billboard: Skyes dngos kyi mtshon cha / Bod rang skyong ljongs mi dmangs mkha' zon gzhung don khang = 生物武器 / 西藏自治区人民防空办公室宣 = Sheng wu wu qi / Xizang zi zhi qu ren min fang kong ban gong shi xuan = Biological weapons / Tibet Autonomous Region People's Air Defense Office. TOP LEFT: mkha' dbyings nas 'phang = 空中投放 = kong zhong tou fang = [dropped from the sky]. TOP RIGHT: gnam gru nas gtong ba = 飞机布洒 = fei ji bu sa = [dispersed by airplanes]. MID RIGHT: me sgyogs rgyag pa = 火炮发射 = huo pao fa she = [artillery fire]. BOTTOM LEFT: 'bar 'drel dra 'phang ba = 炸弹施放 = zha dan shi fang = [released by explosive]. BOTTOM RIGHT: dgra bo'i gtor gshig = 敌特破坏 = di te po huai = [enemy destruction?]
The epidemiology of Plasmodium vivax among adults in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Creators: name: Thwai, K.L.
name: Parr, J.B.
name: Wray, G.A.
name: Mitchell, C.L.
name: Morgan, A.P.
name: Redelings, B.
name: Tshefu, A.K.
name: Brazeau, N.F.
name: Juliano, J.J.
name: Gartner, V.
name: Verity, R.
name: Edwards, J.K.
name: Waltmann, A.
name: Emch, M.
name: van Dorp, L.
name: Watson, O.J.
name: Keeler, C.Y.
name: Deutsch-Feldman, M.
name: Likwela, J.L.
name: Mwandagalirwa, M.K.
name: Gelabert, P.
name: Meshnick, S.R.
Publisher: name: Nature Research
Year: 2021

description: Reports of P. vivax infections among Duffy-negative hosts have accumulated throughout sub-Saharan Africa. Despite this growing body of evidence, no nationally representative epidemiological surveys of P. vivax in sub-Saharan Africa have been performed. To overcome this gap in knowledge, we screened over 17,000 adults in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) for P. vivax using samples from the 2013-2014 Demographic Health Survey. Overall, we found a 2.97% (95% CI: 2.28%, 3.65%) prevalence of P. vivax infections across the DRC. Infections were associated with few risk-factors and demonstrated a relatively flat distribution of prevalence across space with focal regions of relatively higher prevalence in the north and northeast. Mitochondrial genomes suggested that DRC P. vivax were distinct from circulating non-human ape strains and an ancestral European P. vivax strain, and instead may be part of a separate contemporary clade. Our findings suggest P. vivax is diffusely spread across the DRC at a low prevalence, which may be associated with long-term carriage of low parasitemia, frequent relapses, or a general pool of infections with limited forward propagation.
Rheology of Pseudomonas fluorescens biofilms: from experiments to predictive DPD mesoscopic modelling
Creators: name: n-Roca, Jose Mart.
name: Bianco, Valentino
name: Alarcon, Francisco
name: Monnappa, Ajay K.
name: Natale, Paolo
name: Monroy, Francisco
name: Orgaz, Belen
name: pez-Montero, Ivan L.
name: Valeriani, Chantal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bacterial biofilms mechanically behave as viscoelastic media consisting of micron-sized bacteria crosslinked to a selfproduced network of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) embedded in water. Structural principles for numerical modelling aim at describing mesoscopic viscoelasticity without loosing detail on the underlying interactions existing in wide regimes of deformation under hydrodynamic stress. Here we approach the computational challenge to model bacterial biofilms for predictive mechanics in silico under variable stress conditions. Up-to-date models are not entirely satisfactory due to the plethora of parameters required to make them functioning under the effects of stress. As guided by the structural depiction gained in a previous work with Pseudomonas fluorescens (Jara et al. Front. Microbiol. (2021)), we propose a mechanical modeling by means of Dissipative Particle Dynamics (DPD), which captures the essentials of the topological and compositional interactions between bacteria particles and crosslinked EPS-embedding under imposed shear. The P. fluorescens biofilms have been modeled under mechanical stress mimicking shear stresses as undergone in vitro. The predictive capacity for mechanical features in DPD-simulated biofilms has been investigated by varying the externally imposed field of shear strain at variable amplitude and frequency. The parametric map of essential biofilm ingredients has been explored by making the rheological responses to emerge among conservative mesoscopic interactions and frictional dissipation in the underlying microscale. The proposed coarse grained DPD simulation qualitatively catches the rheology of the P. fluorescens biofilm over several decades of dynamic scaling.
Ultra-Efficient Coupling of a Quantum Emitter to the Tunable Guided Plasmons of a Carbon Nanotube
Creators: name: Martin-Moreno, Luis
name: de Abajo, F. Javier Garcia
name: Garcia-Vidal, Francisco J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a single quantum emitter can efficiently couple to the tunable plasmons of a highly doped single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT). Plasmons in these quasi-one-dimensional carbon structures exhibit deep subwavelength confinement that pushes the coupling efficiency close to 100% over a very broad spectral range. This phenomenon takes place for distances and tube diameters comprising the nanometer and micrometer scales. In particular, we find a beta factor ~1 for QEs placed 1-100 nm away from SWCNTs that are just a few nanometers in diameter, while the corresponding Purcell factor exceeds 10^6. Our finding not only holds great potential for waveguide QED, in which an efficient interaction between emitters and cavity modes is pivotal, but it also provides a way of realizing quantum strong coupling between several emitters mediated by SWCNT plasmons, which can be controlled through the large electro-optical tunability of these excitations.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, 40 references
The Effects of Institutional Development Upon Costs of Country Level Borrowing
Creators: name: Owenhouse, John
name: Atwood, Joseph
name: Watts, Myles
name: Owenhouse, John
name: Atwood, Joseph
name: Watts, Myles
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: EFW
subject: borrowing
subject: country level private lending rates
subject: IEF
subject: FWI
subject: WGI
subject: interest rates

description: We examine relationships between country level private lending rates and four metrics of institutional development: the Economic Freedom of the World (EFW), the Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGI), the Index of Economic Freedom (IEF), and the Freedom in the World Index (FWI). We find the EFW, WGI, and IEF metrics are largely consistent but anomalies exist between FWI and other indices. Robust regressions indicate that higher institutional metrics are associated with lower domestic lending rates. The effects a country's institutional metric upon nominal domestic interest rates is of similar magnitude or exceeds the effects of shocks in inflation.
NEON: Living Needs Prediction System in Meituan
Creators: name: Lan, Xiaochong
name: Gao, Chen
name: Wen, Shiqi
name: Chen, Xiuqi
name: Che, Yingge
name: Zhang, Han
name: Wei, Huazhou
name: Luo, Hengliang
name: Li, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Living needs refer to the various needs in human's daily lives for survival and well-being, including food, housing, entertainment, etc. On life service platforms that connect users to service providers, such as Meituan, the problem of living needs prediction is fundamental as it helps understand users and boost various downstream applications such as personalized recommendation. However, the problem has not been well explored and is faced with two critical challenges. First, the needs are naturally connected to specific locations and times, suffering from complex impacts from the spatiotemporal context. Second, there is a significant gap between users' actual living needs and their historical records on the platform. To address these two challenges, we design a system of living NEeds predictiON named NEON, consisting of three phases: feature mining, feature fusion, and multi-task prediction. In the feature mining phase, we carefully extract individual-level user features for spatiotemporal modeling, and aggregated-level behavioral features for enriching data, which serve as the basis for addressing two challenges, respectively. Further, in the feature fusion phase, we propose a neural network that effectively fuses two parts of features into the user representation. Moreover, we design a multi-task prediction phase, where the auxiliary task of needs-meeting way prediction can enhance the modeling of spatiotemporal context. Extensive offline evaluations verify that our NEON system can effectively predict users' living needs. Furthermore, we deploy NEON into Meituan's algorithm engine and evaluate how it enhances the three downstream prediction applications, via large-scale online A/B testing.
Building Under Construction on 'Ong stong Zhing kha Khrom Lam, Lhasa, 1994
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Cities and towns
Architecture, Tibetan
Cultural property

description: Photograph of building under construction on 'Ong-stong Zhing-kha Khrom Lam, just northwest of Karma Shar
Additional file 3 of Cross-sectional study on the association of periodontitis with arterial hypertension in the Hamburg City Health Study
Creators: name: Könnecke, Henrieke
name: Schnabel, Renate B.
name: Walther, Carolin
name: Lamprecht, Ragna
name: Heydecke, Guido
name: Seedorf, Udo
name: Jagodzinski, Annika
name: Borof, Katrin
name: Zeller, Tanja
name: Beikler, Thomas
name: Smeets, Ralf
name: Gosau, Martin
name: Behrendt, Christian-Alexander
name: Wenzel, Ulrich
name: Börschel, Christin S.
name: Karakas, Mahir
name: Blankenberg, Stefan
name: Aarabi, Ghazal
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Additional multivariable regression models.
Workshop on energy for sustainable science at research infrastructures, at ESRF
Creators: name: I.FAST WP11 Members
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: The 2022 workshop Energy for Sustainable Science is the 6th workshop in a series and was held at ESRF in Grenoble. The workshop focuses on energy consumption, energy management and efficiency of research infrastructures in particular, but it also covers a wider context of sustainability and societal aspects. At the workshop best practices of RI’s are reviewed and measures to improve sustainability are proposed. While many contributions were dealing with energy saving measures and intelligent energy management, the topics of using rare earth - and other critical materials, as well as sustainable live cycle management of components were addressed for the first time in this workshop series
description: {"references": ["I.FAST MS0"]}
ChatGPT for Teaching and Learning: An Experience from Data Science Education
Creators: name: Zheng, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: ChatGPT, an implementation and application of large language models, has gained significant popularity since its initial release. Researchers have been exploring ways to harness the practical benefits of ChatGPT in real-world scenarios. Educational researchers have investigated its potential in various subjects, e.g., programming, mathematics, finance, clinical decision support, etc. However, there has been limited attention given to its application in data science education. This paper aims to bridge that gap by utilizing ChatGPT in a data science course, gathering perspectives from students, and presenting our experiences and feedback on using ChatGPT for teaching and learning in data science education. The findings not only distinguish data science education from other disciplines but also uncover new opportunities and challenges associated with incorporating ChatGPT into the data science curriculum.
Champa Tenzin rallying a crowd during a pro-independence demonstration, Lhasa, 1987
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Demonstrations
Independence movements
Tibetans

description: Photograph of Champa Tenzin, a monk from Jokhang Temple, rallying a crowd during a pro-independence demonstration in Lhasa, after his escape from a police station.
Dark Matter From Spacetime Nonlocality
Creators: name: Saravani, Mehdi
name: Aslanbeigi, Siavash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose that dark matter is not yet another new particle in nature, but that it is a remnant of quantum gravitational effects on known fields. We arrive at this possibility in an indirect and surprising manner: by considering retarded, nonlocal, and Lorentzian evolution for quantum fields. This is inspired by recent developments in causal set theory, where such an evolution shows up as the continuum limit of scalar field propagation on a background causal set. Concretely, we study the quantum theory of a massless scalar field whose evolution is given not by the the d'Alembertian $\Box$, but by an operator $\tilde \Box$ which is Lorentz invariant, reduces to $\Box$ at low energies, and defines an explicitly retarded evolution: $(\tilde \Box ϕ)(x)$ only depends on $ϕ(y)$, with $y$ is in the causal past of $x$. This modification results in the existence of a continuum of massive particles, in addition to the usual massless ones, in the free theory. When interactions are introduced, these massive or off-shell quanta can be produced by the scattering of massless particles, but once produced, they no longer interact, which makes them a natural candidate for dark matter.
Timing of HIV testing among pregnant and breastfeeding women and risk of mother-to-child HIV transmission in Malawi: a sampling-based cohort study
Creators: name: Carbone, N.B.
name: Banda, G.T.
name: Edwards, J.K.
name: Chagomerana, M.B.
name: Zalla, L.C.
name: Hosseinipour, M.C.
name: Herce, M.E.
name: Mofolo, I.A.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc
Year: 2021

description: Introduction: Pregnant women living with HIV can achieve viral suppression and prevent HIV mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) with timely HIV testing and early ART initiation and maintenance. Although it is recommended that pregnant women undergo HIV testing early in antenatal care in Malawi, many women test positive during breastfeeding because they did not have their HIV status ascertained during pregnancy, or they tested negative during pregnancy but seroconverted postpartum. We sought to estimate the association between the timing of last positive HIV test (during pregnancy vs. breastfeeding) and outcomes of maternal viral suppression and MTCT in Malawi’s PMTCT programme. Methods: We conducted a two-stage cohort study among mother–infant pairs in 30 randomly selected high-volume health facilities across five nationally representative districts of Malawi between 1 July 2016 and 30 June 2017. Log-binomial regression was used to estimate prevalence ratios (PR) and risk ratios (RR) for associations between timing of last positive HIV test (i.e. breastfeeding vs. pregnancy) and maternal viral suppression and MTCT, controlling for confounding using inverse probability weighting. Results: Of 822 mother–infant pairs who had available information on the timing of the last positive HIV test, 102 mothers (12.4%) had their last positive test during breastfeeding. Women who lived one to two hours (PR = 2.15; 95% CI: 1.29 to 3.58) or >2 hours (PR = 2.36; 95% CI: 1.37 to 4.10) travel time to the nearest health facility were more likely to have had their last positive HIV test during breastfeeding compared to women living <1 hour travel time to the nearest health facility. The risk of unsuppressed VL did not differ between women who had their last positive HIV test during breastfeeding versus pregnancy (adjusted RR [aRR] = 0.87; 95% CI: 0.48 to 1.57). MTCT risk was higher among women who had their last positive HIV test during breastfeeding compared to women who had it during pregnancy (aRR = 6.57; 95% CI: 3.37 to 12.81). Conclusions: MTCT in Malawi occurred disproportionately among women with a last positive HIV test during breastfeeding. Testing delayed until the postpartum period may lead to higher MTCT. To optimize maternal and child health outcomes, PMTCT programmes should focus on early ART initiation and providing targeted testing, prevention, treatment and support to breastfeeding women.
Zeros of combinations of Euler products for $σ>1$
Creators: name: Righetti, Mattia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11M41, 11M26

description: In this paper we consider Dirichlet series absolutely converging for $σ>1$ with an Euler product, natural bounds on the coefficients and satisfying orthogonality relations of Selberg type. Let $N\geq 1$, $F_1(s),...,F_N(s)$ be as above and $P(X_1,...,X_N)$ be a non-monomial polynomial with coefficients in the ring of $p$-finite Dirichlet series absolutely converging for $σ\geq 1$; then $P(F_1(s),\ldots,F_N(s))$ has infinitely many zeros for $σ>1$. Our result in particular applies to Artin $L$-functions, automorphic $L$-functions under the Ramanujan conjecture, and the elements of the Selberg class with polynomial Euler product under the Selberg orthonormality conjecture. This extends the work of Booker and Thorne, who proved the same result for automorphic $L$-functions under the Ramanujan conjecture. Our proof avoids to use the properties of twists by Dirichlet characters, a key point in Booker and Thorne's proof, replacing them by results on the Dirichlet density of non-zero coefficients of $L$-functions of the above type.
description: 16 pages, improved with referee comments and suggestions, to appear on Monatshefte f\"ur Mathematik
On the K-theory of linear groups
Creators: name: Kasprowski, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18F25, 19A31, 19B28, 19G24

description: We prove that for a finitely generated linear group G over a field of positive characteristic the family of quotients by finite subgroups has finite asymptotic dimension. We use this to show that the K-theoretic assembly map for the family of finite subgroups is split injective for every finitely generated linear group G over a commutative ring with unit under the assumption that G admits a finite-dimensional model for the classifying space for the family of finite subgroups. Furthermore, we prove that this is the case if and only if an upper bound on the rank of the solvable subgroups of G exists.
description: 14 pages, to appear in Annals of K-Theory