cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
How and to What Extent Is the Extension Service Reaching Low-Income Farm Families
Creators: name: Wilson, Meredith C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1941
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: Excerpts: The charge is sometimes made that the Cooperative Extension Service works only with the top third of the farm population. Extension workers generally have been inclined to resent the implied accusation that they are not devoting proportionate attention to all segments of their rural clientele. The aim of this study is to inventory the situation and to present impartially such data as have been assembled. In other words, what are the facts? To avoid misunderstanding it may also be well to explain at the outset that the term “low-income” as used in the title of this paper is interpreted as referring to disadvantaging factors generally, and the term "farm families” as referring to all agricultural groups. Because it seems a bit more logical, attention will be given first to the question of how well Extension is reaching those farm people disadvantaged because of low income and for other reasons. This will be approached in two ways: 1. By getting a broad national picture of the various disadvantaged classes in agriculture and the areas of greatest concentration, together with an analysis of the distribution of Extension effort when viewed nationally. 2. By turning the spotlight on the county to see whether in a given area Extension is centering attention upon the upper segments to the neglect of the lower segments of the rural population.
description: Presented by Meredith C. Wilson, Chief, Division of Field Studies and Training, Extension Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture, to Extension-Work Sub-Section, Association of Land-Grant Colleges and Universities, Chicago, Ill., November 10, 1941.
Critical Fabulation Meets Material Culture: Reimagining Kosova’s Art by Feminist Knowledge Production
Creators: name: Kabashi, Drita Bruqi
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023

description: Working briefly at the National Museum of Kosova there were artifacts within the permanent collection that stuck to me, haunting me beyond my short internship. I found myself thinking incessantly about these markers of Albanian identity: how have they come to gain their venerated status and who/ what does this status negate? What is this status in service of? I turn to the objects themselves: the Goddess on the Throne (a figurine of the Neolithic), the Xhubleta (customary dress), and oil lamps of Ancient Dardania. I ask them to animate, to respond (or not respond), to engage in a collaboration with me as an art historian and as a female Kosovar American, as Drita. In many ways, these case studies are an attempt to exorcise their haunting through centering the material objects as agents of their own narration, through tracking historical processes that destabilize notions of linear time. Using critical fabulation (specifically the medium of poetry) I am hoping to create an alternative archive for these artifacts. My goal is to propose these poems as alternative museum labels that decenter fixed notions of cultural identity, femininity, and time, and recenter the contradictions that live within the pedestalized status of these cultural icons.
Mary Shelley's Frankenstein: re-conceptualizing the politics of recognition
Creators: name: Knight, Amber
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Patchen Markell critiques the political pursuit of recognition in the book Bound by Recognition. In this thesis, I respond directly to Markell's critique in order to rethink, rather than abandon, the political pursuit of recognition through a textual interpretation of Mary Shelley's Frankenstein. I read Frankenstein as an exemplary tale of the struggle for identity recognition, wherein Victor Frankenstein's Creature-- his famous Monster-- attempts to un-monster himself by demanding that others recognize his positively affirmed self-identity as a kind and feeling friend. Ultimately, the tragedy of Frankenstein is that the Creature cannot see himself as anything other than a monster--he is never afforded the recognition he desperately desires. Contra Markell, however, I argue that the Creature's pursuit of recognition fails because he cannot single-handedly overcome the asymmetrical power relations that underlie the social construction of identity, and that are reinforced through the construction of his identity as monster.
Casimir-Polder interaction of neutrons with metal or dielectric surfaces
Creators: name: Gebhart, Valentin
name: Klatt, Juliane
name: Cronenberg, Gunther
name: Filter, Hanno
name: Buhmann, Stefan Yoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We predict a repulsive Casimir-Polder-type dispersion interaction between a single neutron and a metal or dielectric surface. We consider a scenario where a single neutron is subject to an external magnetic field. Due to its intrinsic magnetic moment, the neutron then forms a magnetisable two-level system which can exchange virtual photons with a nearby surface. The resulting dispersion interaction between a purely magnetic object (neutron) and a purely electric one (surface) is found to be repulsive, in contrast to the typical attractive interaction between electric objects. Its magnitude is considerably smaller than the standard atom--surface Casimir-Polder force due to the magnetic nature of the interaction and the smallness of the electron-to-neutron mass ratio. Nevertheless, we show that it can be comparable to the gravitational potential of the same surface and should be taken into consideration in future neutron interference experiments.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Direct and inverse modeling of soft robots by learning a condensed FEM model
Creators: name: Ménager, Etienne
name: Navez, Tanguy
name: Goury, Olivier
name: Duriez, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Finite Element Method (FEM) is a powerful modeling tool for predicting the behavior of soft robots. However, its use for control can be difficult for non-specialists of numerical computation: it requires an optimization of the computation to make it real-time. In this paper, we propose a learning-based approach to obtain a compact but sufficiently rich mechanical representation. Our choice is based on nonlinear compliance data in the actuator/effector space provided by a condensation of the FEM model. We demonstrate that this compact model can be learned with a reasonable amount of data and, at the same time, be very efficient in terms of modeling, since we can deduce the direct and inverse kinematics of the robot. We also show how to couple some models learned individually in particular on an example of a gripper composed of two soft fingers. Other results are shown by comparing the inverse model derived from the full FEM model and the one from the compact learned version. This work opens new perspectives, namely for the embedded control of soft robots, but also for their design. These perspectives are also discussed in the paper.
Uncomputation in the Qrisp high-level Quantum Programming Framework
Creators: name: Seidel, Raphael
name: Tcholtchev, Nikolay
name: Bock, Sebastian
name: Hauswirth, Manfred
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Uncomputation is an essential part of reversible computing and plays a vital role in quantum computing. Using this technique, memory resources can be safely deallocated without performing a nonreversible deletion process. For the case of quantum computing, several algorithms depend on this as they require disentangled states in the course of their execution. Thus, uncomputation is not only about resource management, but is also required from an algorithmic point of view. However, synthesizing uncomputation circuits is tedious and can be automated. In this paper, we describe the interface for automated generation of uncomputation circuits in our Qrisp framework. Our algorithm for synthesizing uncomputation circuits in Qrisp is based on an improved version of "Unqomp", a solution presented by Paradis et. al. Our paper also presents some improvements to the original algorithm, in order to make it suitable for the needs of a high-level programming framework. Qrisp itself is a fully compilable, high-level programming language/framework for gate-based quantum computers, which abstracts from many of the underlying hardware details. Qrisp's goal is to support a high-level programming paradigm as known from classical software development.
A Relativistic Model for the Electromagnetic Structure of Baryons from the 3rd Resonance Region
Creators: name: Ramalho, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present some predictions for the $γ^\ast N \to N^\ast$ transition amplitudes, where $N$ is the nucleon, and $N^\ast$ is a nucleon excitation from the third resonance region. First we estimate the transition amplitudes associated with the second radial excitation of the nucleon, interpreted as the $N(1710)$ state, using the covariant spectator quark model. After that, we combine some results from the covariant spectator quark model with the framework of the single quark transition model, to make predictions for the $γ^\ast N \to N^\ast$ transition amplitudes, where $N^\ast$ is a member of the $SU(6)$-multiplet $[70,1^-]$. The results for the $γ^\ast N \to N(1520)$ and $γ^\ast N \to N(1535)$ transition amplitudes are used as input to the calculation of the amplitudes $A_{1/2}$, $A_{3/2}$, associated with the $γ^\ast N \to N(1650)$, $γ^\ast N \to N(1700)$, $γ^\ast N \to Δ(1620)$, and $γ^\ast N \to Δ(1700)$ transitions. Our estimates are compared with the available data. In order to facilitate the comparison with future experimental data at high $Q^2$, we derived also simple parametrizations for the amplitudes, compatible with the expected falloff at high $Q^2$.
description: Proceedings of the ECT* Workshop "Nucleon Resonances: From Photoproduction to High Photon Virtualities", October 12-16, 2015, Trento, Italy. Final version. 9 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1509.08436
Comment on "Nonlocal quartic interactions and universality classes in perovskite manganites"
Creators: name: Diehl, H. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent paper [Phys. Rev. E \textbf{92}, 012123 (2015)] a modified $d$-dimensional $Φ^4$ model was investigated which differs from the standard one in that the $Φ^4$ term was replaced by a nonlocal one with a potential $u(\bm{x}-\bm{x}')$ that depends on a parameter $σ$ and decays exponentially as $|\bm{x}-\bm{x}'|\to\infty$ on a scale $|m|^{-1}
description: pdf-Latex, 2 pages, published extended version. The extension are reactions to claims and requests by the authors and the referee
title: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 7 | Autumn 2010 | Drawing Theory
title: Issue # 7 | Autumn 2010 | Drawing Theory
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: FOOTPRINT
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2014

description: The field of drawing, as practice and discourse, seems to have entered an end-condition, where the celebration of the extensive production of drawings is combined with a certain fatigue in both its understanding and reflection. Drawing, nowadays, seems to be suspended in this in-between condition of objectivity and instrumentality, as image and information, as communication and science, whereas the theoretical field generated between these polarities seems to have lost its theoretical poignancy. The seventh issue of Footprint attempts to address this contemporary state of affairs within a disciplinary understanding of the drawn theory of architecture. The premise of raising this issue originates from the critical exploration of a field within architectural theory that in the last decades has seen a progressive ‘de-problematization’. Even though the role of drawing is nowadays still regarded as the most common act of architecture, this understanding of drawing is hardly subject to critical inquiries, and, unfortunately, mostly limited to its instrumental role within the representation of the project. Issue's editors: Stefano Milani and Marc Schoonderbeek
description: Drawing as Epistemic Practice in Architectural Design...75-84 The Woof and the Warp of Architecture: The Figure-Ground in Urban Design...59-74 Drawing the Map: Siting Architecture...45-58 Bernard Tschumi Draws Architecture!...29-44 The Body Drawn Between Knowledge and Desire...9-28 Drawing Theory. An Introduction...1-8
Drawing Theory. An Introduction
Creators: name: Milani, Stefano
name: Schoonderbeek, Marc
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2010

description: Nowadays, drawing practices seem to operate in a rather uncertain field that is typical of an in-between phase of disciplinary development and that needs to be addressed, if an ‘anticipated projection’ of the development of drawing is to be attempted. The field of drawing, as practice and discourse, seems to have entered an end-condition, where the celebration of the extensive production of drawings is combined with a certain fatigue in both its understanding and reflection. Even though the role of drawing is nowadays still regarded as the most common act of architecture, this understanding of drawing is hardly subject to critical inquiries, and, unfortunately, mostly limited to its instrumental role within the representation of the project. A common characteristic in all of the papers in this issue of Footprint is that a specific character of the theoretical field generated by drawing is the elaboration of the correlation between two epistemic regions. This singular character probably belongs to drawing’s structural duality of being simultaneously a simulacrum of a reality and reality itself, memory and anticipation, subject and object, by being in essence the measure of two different facets inherent to architectural thinking. Drawing not only gives consistency to the poles, rendering them architectural matter, but also literally (re)constructs them. At the same time, drawing formalizes the theoretical distance between the two.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 7 | Autumn 2010 | Drawing Theory
Potamogeton natans Linnaeus 1753
Creators: name: Abbasi, Shabnam
name: Afsharzadeh, Saeed
name: Dinarvand, Mehri
name: Wiegleb, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Alismatales
Potamogetonaceae
Potamogeton
Potamogeton natans

description: Potamogeton natans Linnaeus (1753:126), Fig. 9
Perennial, rhizome robust, wintergreen with phyllodial shoots, stem robust, terete, dark-spotted at base. Leaves dimorphic; submersed leaves phyllodial, 100–600 mm long, 0.5–3.5 mm wide, acute at apex, straight at base, 1–3- veined; floating leaves petiolate, oblong-lanceolate to ovate, 50–80 mm long, 50–100 mm wide, acute or obtuse at apex, rounded or subcordate at base, 20-veined, petiole 40–100 mm long, with a flexible discolored joint and a distinct angle at the top; stipules not fused, 5–8 cm long, membranous, persistent. Spike 25–35 mm long, peduncle 70–85 mm long, as thick as stem. Tepals 1–2 mm long, anthers 1 mm long. Carpels 4, fruits 3–4 mm long, indistinctly keeled. Stele of proto type, endodermis of U-type, strong interlacunar bundles present, subepidermal bundles present.
Northern Hemisphere.
 Distribution in Iran: —North, West.
 Flowering time: —From spring to summer.
 Specimen examined:— IRAN. Golestan: Northwest of national park of Golestan, 1349 m, 20August 1999, Akhani 17050 (HUT!); Lorestan: Gahar lake, 2350 m, 8 Sep 2010, Dinarvand 20211 (Herbarium of the Research Center of Agriculture & Natural Resources of Khuzestan!); East Azerbaijan: Tikmeh dash, 1900 m, 12 Sep 2013, Bagheri 20210 (HUI!).
description: Published as part of Abbasi, Shabnam, Afsharzadeh, Saeed, Dinarvand, Mehri & Wiegleb, Gerhard, 2017, Synopsis of Potamogetonaceae in Iran with supplements to the Flora Iranica and a new identification key, pp. 1-21 in Phytotaxa 311 (1) on pages 9-10, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.311.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13686054
The Body Drawn Between Knowledge and Desire
Creators: name: Fitzsimons, J. Kent
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2010

description: The architectural drawing brings together two aspects of architecture’s inescapable relationship with the human body: knowledge and desire. When Adolf Loos designed the never built Josephine Baker House (1928), his drawings mobilized and transmitted knowledge of the human body in general. At the same time, Loos deployed architectural means to express desire for the dancer’s body. The sections and plans suggest that the Viennese architect imagined Baker swimming in a pool whose submerged walls include large windows looking into the watery stage, enveloping the dancer’s body while putting it on display for guests. Considered more generally, the architectural drawing always contains these two bodily moments, insofar as it describes proposals that give form to the lived world. This dynamic couple in the drawing corresponds to the difference between touching the body and grasping it; between an architect pursuing the desire to affect others through their senses and an architectural discipline extending its knowledge of human existence. This article considers relevant aspects in the writings of Robin Evans, Michel Foucault, Michel de Certeau, William T. Mitchell, and Jean-Luc Nancy to develop a theoretical basis for understanding the tensions and alliances at play when architecture draws the body between knowledge and desire.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 7 | Autumn 2010 | Drawing Theory
Surface bundles over surfaces: new inequalities between signature, simplicial volume and Euler characteristic
Creators: name: Bucher, Michelle
name: Campagnolo, Caterina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55R10, 57R22

description: We present three new inequalities tying the signature, the simplicial volume and the Euler characteristic of surface bundles over surfaces. Two of them are true for any surface bundle, while the third holds on a specific family of surface bundles, namely the ones that arise through a ramified covering. These are the main known examples of bundles with non-zero signature.
description: 14 pages. Simplified the proof of Proposition 1.2. This is the final version, accepted in Geometriae Dedicata
Predictions for diphoton production at the LHC through NNLO in QCD
Creators: name: Campbell, John M.
name: Ellis, R. Keith
name: Li, Ye
name: Williams, Ciaran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present a next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) calculation of the process $pp\rightarrow γγ$ that we have implemented into the parton level Monte Carlo code MCFM. We do not find agreement with the previous calculation of this process in the literature. In addition to the $\mathcal{O}(α_s^2)$ corrections present at NNLO, we include some effects arising at $\mathcal{O}(α_s^3)$, namely those associated with gluon-initiated closed fermion loops. We investigate the role of this process in the context of studies of QCD at colliders and as a background for searches for new physics, paying particular attention to the diphoton invariant mass spectrum. We demonstrate that the NNLO QCD prediction for the shape of this spectrum agrees well with functional forms used in recent data-driven fits.
description: 28 Pages, 11 Figures, Corrected Typo in Appendix A
Indeterminate Architecture: Scissor-Pair Transformable Structures
Creators: name: Rosenberg, Daniel
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2010

description: Most traditional approaches to architectural design assume that the analysis of present situations and the prediction of future ones will offer unique answers that would ultimately define correct and unique architectural solutions. However, this approach is based on two questionable believes: First, that present situations are representative of a reality to be produced in the future, and, second, that these situations are fixed and invariable throughout time. The vision here is that an alternative approach is needed: a method that assumes and uses the uncertainties about present and future situations through the design of indeterminate solutions. Instead of analysing present and predicting future situations, designers should envision transformable environments able to offer a range of alternatives to be defined and redefined by the users in real-time – an indeterminate architecture, sympathetic to uncertainty, incompleteness and emergent situations that can neither be analysed nor predicted beforehand. This paper addresses the design of an indeterminate architecture, through proposing two main directions: Designing the Range and Enabling the Choice. While the former refers to transformable solutions able to offer a variety of states, the later refers to the selection of states by the user, within that range according to chance and emergent situations. The structure of this paper is organised around these two ideas by presenting an architectural background, some technical methods, and an empirical experiment. While the theoretical background investigates the original ideas and project about indeterminacy within an architectural framework, the technical methods analyse the range of states within the transformation of scissor-pair transformable structures, and study the real-time control and interaction within artificial intelligence (AI) robotic solutions. The empirical experiment uses the architectural background and the technical methods to materialise and radicalise indeterminacy by proposing a novel scissor-pair transformable solution.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 6 | Spring 2010 | Digitally-Driven Architecture
On a Vectorized Version of a Generalized Richardson Extrapolation Process
Creators: name: Sidi, Avram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65B05, 65B10, 40A05, 40A25

description: Let $\{\xx_m\}$ be a vector sequence that satisfies $$ \xx_m\sim \sss+\sum^\infty_{i=1}α_i \gg_i(m)\quad\text{as $m\to\infty$},$$ $\sss$ being the limit or antilimit of $\{\xx_m\}$ and $\{\gg_i(m)\}^\infty_{i=1}$ being an asymptotic scale as $m\to\infty$, in the sense that $$\lim_{m\to\infty}\frac{\|\gg_{i+1}(m)\|}{\|\gg_{i}(m)\|}=0,\quad i=1,2,\ldots.$$ The vector sequences $\{\gg_i(m)\}^\infty_{m=0}$, $i=1,2,\ldots,$ are known, as well as $\{\xx_m\}$. In this work, we analyze the convergence and convergence acceleration properties of a vectorized version of the generalized Richardson extrapolation process that is defined via the equations $$ \sum^k_{i=1}\braket{\yy,Δ\gg_{i}(m)}\widetildeα_i=\braket{\yy,Δ\xx_m},\quad n\leq m\leq n+k-1;\quad \sss_{n,k}=\xx_n+\sum^k_{i=1}\widetildeα_i\gg_{i}(n),$$ $\sss_{n,k}$ being the approximation to $\sss$. Here $\yy$ is some nonzero vector, $\braket{\cdot\,,\cdot}$ is an inner product, such that $\braket{α\aaa,β\bb}=\barαβ\braket{\aaa,\bb}$, and $Δ\xx_m=\xx_{m+1}-~\xx_m$ and $Δ\gg_i(m)=\gg_i(m+1)-\gg_i(m)$. By imposing a minimal number of reasonable additional conditions on the $\gg_i(m)$, we show that the error $\sss_{n,k}-\sss$ has a full asymptotic expansion as $n\to\infty$. We also show that actual convergence acceleration takes place and we provide a complete classification of it.
Kinetic Digitally-Driven Architectural Structures as ‘Marginal’ Objects – a Conceptual Framework
Creators: name: Yiannoudes, Sokratis
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2010

description: Although the most important reasons for designing digitally-driven kinetic architectural structures seem to be practical ones, namely functional flexibility and adaptation to changing conditions and needs, this paper argues that there is possibly an additional socio-cultural aspect driving their design and construction. Through this argument, the paper attempts to debate their status and question their concepts and practices. Looking at the design explorations and discourses of real or visionary technologically-augmented architecture since the 1960s, one cannot fail to notice the use of biological metaphors and concepts to describe them – an attempt to ‘naturalise’ them which culminates today in the conception of kinetic structures and intelligent environments as literally ‘alive’. Examining these attitudes in contemporary examples, the paper demonstrates that digitally-driven kinetic structures can be conceived as artificial ‘living’ machines that undermine the boundary between the natural and the artificial. It argues that by ‘humanising’ these structures, attributing biological characteristics such as self-initiated motion, intelligence and reactivity, their designers are ‘trying’ to subvert and blur the human-machine (-architecture) discontinuity. The argument is developed by building a conceptual framework which is based on evidence from the social studies of science and technology, in particular their critique in modern nature-culture and human-machine distinctions, as well as the history and theory of artificial life which discuss the cultural significance and sociology of ‘living’ objects. In particular, the paper looks into the techno-scientific discourses and practices which, since the 18th century, have been exploring the creation of ‘marginal’ objects, i.e. seemingly alive objects made to challenge the nature-artifice boundary.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 6 | Spring 2010 | Digitally-Driven Architecture
Modulating Territories, Penetrating Boundaries
Creators: name: Hosale, MarkDavid
name: Kievid, Chris
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2010

description: Drawing boundaries, defining territories: these are terms one could use to describe the activity of an architect. Architects can create constraints through the use of designed elements that help determine the flow of movement, perception, and usage of space. Boundaries imply the absence of flow, territories control the freedom of movement, and both imply a predetermined constraint. Conventionally a territory is conceived of as being fairly static, or at least moving slowly, on a historical scale through time. However, when the spaces in and around the building body can be programmed and driven, time-based morphology becomes a subject for architectural design. Research at the Hyperbody group at Delft Technical University addresses the development of architecture in terms of changing paradigms indicated by new technology and dynamic forms through prototypes and experiments. Projects such as the InteractiveWall are driven by the advancements in cross-disciplinary technical possibilities, and inspired by profound and ongoing cultural changes reflected in the dynamic dissemination of knowledge and information in our daily lives.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 6 | Spring 2010 | Digitally-Driven Architecture
Movement Technologies, Scale Structure and Metropolitan Life – an Empirical Research on the Effects of the Transportation System on the Metropolitan Process in Beijing
Creators: name: Sheng, Qiang
name: Han, Linfei
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2009

description: This paper is a morphological study on Beijing’s metropolitanisation process based on the development of its transportation networks. By extracting the ‘scale structure’ embedded in them, we construct a movement network model for Beijing and use it to analyse changing metropolitan centralities as shopping areas and market places in 1924, 1987 and 2006. Following Taylor’s proposal of Central Flow as a complementary model to Central Place, our study focuses on how the spatial distribution of metropolitan centralities has been affected by the rapid modernisation of transportation networks.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 5 | Autumn 2009 | Metropolitan Form
Individuality and Anonymity in Archaic Greek Sculpture: Questions of Form in the Kore Type
Creators: name: Aubuchon, Rachel Ann
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2013

description: This thesis examines the relationship between formal appearance and function in Archaic korai statues. It first considers the social and historical context surrounding these sculptures and then situates the type within the greater sculptural corpus and religious tradition of votive offerings in the Archaic period. First, the korai are placed within the Archaic sculptural tradition, and their lineage is illustrated in order to prove continuity despite changing form and, perhaps, contemporary reading. Second, modern interpretations of the type are analyzed, focusing on the problematic teleological schema of Greek sculptural progress identified best by A. A. Donohue. Finally, as a check to this teleology, the thesis suggests new avenues and questions for study. All of the gathered information is used to suggest new readings of form and style that can be applied to all series within the type. The objective is to re-insert the Akropolis series into the visual lineage of the kore type in order to generate questions about the type rather than individual series.
Peripheral Cluster versus New Town: A Comparative Study on Two Types of Peripheral Developments in the Beijing Metropolitan Region
Creators: name: Zhou, Jing
name: Qu, Lei
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2009

description: Spatial decentralisation has been a planning goal for Beijing city since 1950s. It had not been fully activated until the mid-1990s, when the suburbanisation process started to accelerate rapidly. Under the influence of joint forces of top-down intervention and market-driven development, several large-scale peripheral clusters and new towns have been built in both near and far suburbs. However, the spatial structure of the city remains to be rather mono-centric, which causes severe urban and environmental problems. In the latest Beijing Master Plan, the metropolitan region is considered as a whole. A polycentric spatial structure is proposed with the aim to consolidate the existing regional centralities as stronger counter-weights to central city. The aim of this paper is to investigate the spatial social and economic conditions of the existing large-scale peripheral clusters and new towns, to understand their strengths and weaknesses, in order to give concrete spatial recommendations for future transformation of Beijing metropolitan region. The paper is organized as follows. The first part presents a review of morphological transformation process of Beijing metropolis since 1950s till now. Then in-depth analysis and comparative study will be given to two representative cases of – Tiantongyuan and Tonzhou – peripheral residential district and satellite town. Finally useful lessons and spatial recommendations for realizing poly-nuclear regional structure will be elaborated.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 5 | Autumn 2009 | Metropolitan Form
Polycentric Metropolitan Form: Application of a ‘Northern’ Concept in Latin America
Creators: name: Romein, Arie
name: Verkoren, Otto
name: Fernandez, Ana María
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2009

description: Since the mid 20th century, large urban areas in advanced economies have experienced a fundamental transformation from relatively compact monocentric cities towards more extended polycentric metropolitan areas. By now, it is being commented repeatedly, but not investigated systematically that the concept of polycentricity is also adequate to characterise recent metropolitan dynamics in Latin-America. This paper aims to present a few key-issues for a future research agenda into polycentricity in Latin-American metropolitan areas. These elements are identified from a review of existing literature. Since no clear-cut definition and operationalisation of polycentricity exist yet, we distinguish some key-elements of this phenomenon in North America as a frame of reference for this review. It reveals that ‘polycentricity U.S. style’ is at best dawning in Latin-America. In order to achieve a more appropriate picture of polycentricity of Latin American metropolitan areas, our ideas for a research agenda take into account these areas typical economic, social and spatial conditions.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 5 | Autumn 2009 | Metropolitan Form
Incorporating Human Translator Style into English-Turkish Literary Machine Translation
Creators: name: Yirmibeşoğlu, Zeynep
name: Dursun, Olgun
name: Dallı, Harun
name: Şahin, Mehmet
name: Hodzik, Ena
name: Gürses, Sabri
name: Güngör, Tunga
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Although machine translation systems are mostly designed to serve in the general domain, there is a growing tendency to adapt these systems to other domains like literary translation. In this paper, we focus on English-Turkish literary translation and develop machine translation models that take into account the stylistic features of translators. We fine-tune a pre-trained machine translation model by the manually-aligned works of a particular translator. We make a detailed analysis of the effects of manual and automatic alignments, data augmentation methods, and corpus size on the translations. We propose an approach based on stylistic features to evaluate the style of a translator in the output translations. We show that the human translator style can be highly recreated in the target machine translations by adapting the models to the style of the translator.
The Vague, the Viral, the Parasitic: Piranesi’s Metropolis
Creators: name: Stoppani, Teresa
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2009

description: In mid-18th century Giovanni Battista Piranesi’s etchings systematically document the old and new monuments, decrepit buildings and broken down infrastructures of a Rome that continues to inhabit and reinvent its past. His views of Rome offer a devastating account of the blurring of distinctions and articulations that time, use and neglect have imposed on the old differentiations of the urban and the rural, the public and the private, the monumental and the domestic in the 18th century city. Rome becomes for Piranesi the laboratory for a questioning of architecture that places his work well beyond the debate on style and on the origin that dominated the architectural discourse of his time. This paper suggests that Piranesi’s images anticipate the dispersion and sprawl of the city of today, in which the ‘vague’, the ‘viral’ and the ‘parasitic’ become modes of inhabitation and of transient negotiated definition. In the Antichità di Roma, ancient buildings are represented not only in their large scale and magnificence, but also in their decay and reversal to a state of naturalness. These works, together with the acute observations of the Vedute di Roma, provide the materials that are then dislocated, manipulated, cloned and endlessly mutated by Piranesi in the synthesis of the Campo Marzio dell’Antica Roma, in which the historical city is almost entirely dissolved and replaced by an extraordinary congestion of fragments. When they are re-examined on the grounds of contemporary architectural and urban theory, the sites of Piranesi's views reveal anticipations of phenomena that affect the metropolis of today. Political, social and economic conditions have changed dramatically, but the questions asked of architecture in and by these sites challenge the definition of an architecture of style, forms and boundaries – in the 18th century as well as in the 21st – in favour of an architecture of change.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 5 | Autumn 2009 | Metropolitan Form
Interpreting the Contemporary Metropolis: Notes on the Urban Debate and on Ignasi Solà-Morales
Creators: name: Furtado, Gonçalo
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2009

description: The theory of urbanism faces the difficult task of struggling to make acknowledgeable the complexity of the metropolitan form. In this sense, the legacy of the recently diseased history researcher and architecture theorist Ignási Sola-Morales arises as a sharp, generous and open perspective. Besides an apparent sense of enigma, his work has the genuine capacity of describing the cartography the metropolis and its form in its contemporary complexity. Being a teacher at the COAC (Cataluña’s college of architects) allowed him to draw one of the most remarkable and sharp theoretical cartographies of the contemporaneous condition of the metropolitan architecture. A complex line of thought towards architecture being born from a cross from artistic and philosophical ideas, capable of causing breaches on the architectural culture. His writings correspond, in a certain way, to a selection of “categories” on which to lay the provisory interpretations of a contemporary metropolis and its form that is, in his own words, multiple, non convergent and of an instable shape arising from the crystallization of various forces. From all that, the outcome is a complex system united, as far as I’m concerned, by the permanent generosity of proposing to romantically rise above the bizarreness of a late-capitalism, post-historical world. In this paper we intend to show how the work of Ignási Sola Morales presents, in a generous, sharp and open way besides all the apparent enigma, the genuine capacity of cartographing the city and its form in all its contemporaneous complexity.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 5 | Autumn 2009 | Metropolitan Form
title: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 6 | Spring 2010 | Digitally-Driven Architecture
title: Issue # 6 | Spring 2010 | Digitally-Driven Architecture
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: FOOTPRINT
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2014

description: Similar to the way that industrial fabrication with its concepts of standardisation and serial production has influenced modernist architecture, digital fabrication influences contemporary architecture: While standardisation focused on processes of rationalisation of form, mass-customisation as a new paradigm that replaces mass production, addresses non-standard, complex designs based on non-Euclidean geometries. Furthermore, knowledge about the designed object can be incorporated at the level of its connectivity with data stemming not only from its geometry but also from its content and behaviour within an environment. Digitally-driven architecture implies, therefore, on the one hand, digitally designed and fabricated architecture, and on the other hand, it implies architecture controlled and actuated by digital means. In this context, the sixth Footprint-issue is examining the influence of digital means on architecture as pragmatic and conceptual instruments for exploring and generating complex systems of spatial organisation as well as for constructing and actuating architecture. The focus is not only on computer-based generative systems for the development of architectural designs, but also on architecture incorporating aspects of digital sensing/actuating mechanisms that enable buildings to interact with their users and surroundings. Issue's editors: Henriette Bier and Terry Knight
description: Mediated Windows: The Use of Framing and Transparency in Designing for Presence...69-92 Modulating Territories, Penetrating Boundaries...55-68 Kinetic Digitally-Driven Architectural Structures as ‘Marginal’ Objects – a Conceptual Framework...41-54 Indeterminate Architecture: Scissor-Pair Transformable Structures...19-40 Catching up with the Past: A Small Contribution to a Long History of Interactive Environments...5-18 Digitally-Driven Architecture...1-4
Intestinal regeneration after irradiation: stem cells and Sox9
Creators: name: Scull, Brooks
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Whole body irradiation is a useful challenge to study the response of intestinal epithelial stem cells (IESC) to genetic damage. High dose irradiation causes complete loss of the proliferative zone within intestinal crypts excluding a few stem/multipotent cells that can regenerate the intestinal epithelial lining. Whole body irradiation models using high dose irradiation are not ideal for studying the regenerative process due to poor animal survival. Little is known about direct effects of irradiation on IESC due to lack of biomarkers. This study developed a high dose abdominal irradiation model with increased survival allowing for analysis of regeneration to day 9 after irradiation and potentially longer. The expression pattern of the putative IESC marker, Sox9, was evaluated and compared with proliferation markers. We provide evidence that differential levels of Sox9 mark subpopulations of proliferating cells. This model will be useful to evaluate therapies that increase IESC survival, proliferation and regeneration.
Classification of Constructible Cosheaves
Creators: name: Curry, Justin
name: Patel, Amit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we prove an equivalence theorem originally observed by Robert MacPherson. On one side of the equivalence is the category of cosheaves that are constructible with respect to a locally cone-like stratification. Our constructibility condition is new and only requires that certain inclusions of open sets are sent to isomorphisms. On the other side of the equivalence is the category of functors from the entrance path category, which has points for objects and certain homotopy classes of paths for morphisms. When our constructible cosheaves are valued in $\mathsf{Set}$ we prove an additional equivalence with the category of stratified coverings.
description: Version 6 is the final, accepted, and published version in TAC. Section 8 of v5 on simplicial refinements has been removed from v6. The main theorem of that section, Theorem 8.8, had a gap in its proof
Zero-touch realization of Pervasive Artificial Intelligence-as-a-service in 6G networks
Creators: name: Baccour, Emna
name: Allahham, Mhd Saria
name: Erbad, Aiman
name: Mohamed, Amr
name: Hussein, Ahmed Refaey
name: Hamdi, Mounir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The vision of the upcoming 6G technologies, characterized by ultra-dense network, low latency, and fast data rate is to support Pervasive AI (PAI) using zero-touch solutions enabling self-X (e.g., self-configuration, self-monitoring, and self-healing) services. However, the research on 6G is still in its infancy, and only the first steps have been taken to conceptualize its design, investigate its implementation, and plan for use cases. Toward this end, academia and industry communities have gradually shifted from theoretical studies of AI distribution to real-world deployment and standardization. Still, designing an end-to-end framework that systematizes the AI distribution by allowing easier access to the service using a third-party application assisted by a zero-touch service provisioning has not been well explored. In this context, we introduce a novel platform architecture to deploy a zero-touch PAI-as-a-Service (PAIaaS) in 6G networks supported by a blockchain-based smart system. This platform aims to standardize the pervasive AI at all levels of the architecture and unify the interfaces in order to facilitate the service deployment across application and infrastructure domains, relieve the users worries about cost, security, and resource allocation, and at the same time, respect the 6G stringent performance requirements. As a proof of concept, we present a Federated Learning-as-a-service use case where we evaluate the ability of our proposed system to self-optimize and self-adapt to the dynamics of 6G networks in addition to minimizing the users' perceived costs.
description: IEEE Communications Magazine
Digitally-Driven Architecture
Creators: name: Bier, Henriette
name: Knight, Terry
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2010

description: The shift from mechanical to digital forces architects to reposition themselves: Architects generate digital information, which can be used not only in designing and fabricating building components but also in embedding behaviours into buildings. This implies that, similar to the way that industrial design and fabrication with its concepts of standardisation and serial production influenced modernist architecture, digital design and fabrication influences contemporary architecture. While standardisation focused on processes of rationalisation of form, mass-customisation as a new paradigm that replaces mass-production, addresses non-standard, complex, and flexible designs. Furthermore, knowledge about the designed object can be encoded in digital data pertaining not just to the geometry of a design but also to its physical or other behaviours within an environment. Digitally-driven architecture implies, therefore, not only digitally-designed and fabricated architecture, it also implies architecture – built form – that can be controlled, actuated, and animated by digital means. In this context, this sixth Footprint issue examines the influence of digital means as pragmatic and conceptual instruments for actuating architecture. The focus is not so much on computer-based systems for the development of architectural designs, but on architecture incorporating digital control, sens­ing, actuating, or other mechanisms that enable buildings to inter­act with their users and surroundings in real time in the real world through physical or sensory change and variation.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 6 | Spring 2010 | Digitally-Driven Architecture