cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Distribution of satellite galaxies in high redshift groups
Creators: name: Wang, Yougang
name: Park, Changbom
name: Hwang, Ho Seong
name: Chen, Xuelei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use galaxy groups at redshifts between 0.4 and 1.0 selected from the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey (GOODS) to study the color-morphological properties of satellite galaxies, and investigate possible alignment between the distribution of the satellites and the orientation of their central galaxy. We confirm the bimodal color and morphological type distribution for satellite galaxies at this redshift range: the red and blue classes corresponds to the early and late morphological types respectively, and the early-type satellites are on average brighter than the late-type ones. Furthermore, there is a {\it morphological conformity} between the central and satellite galaxies: the fraction of early-type satellites in groups with an early-type central is higher than those with a late-type central galaxy. This effect is stronger at smaller separations from the central galaxy. We find a marginally significant signal of alignment between the major axis of the early-type central galaxy and its satellite system, while for the late-type centrals no significant alignment signal is found. We discuss the alignment signal in the context of shape evolution of groups.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, accepted by ApJ
The Role of the p75 neurotrophin receptor in regulating oligodendrocyte progenitor cell differentiation
Creators: name: Bedard, Simon
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: One major avenue towards repair of the damaged mammalian nervous system is an enhancement of the process known as remyelination. This process restores to damaged neurons the protective sheath that is critical not only for their survival but also for the conduction of their electrical signals. However, remyelination is inhibited after many types of nervous system damage as well as in degenerative diseases of the nervous system. This inhibition functions primarily through prevention of the capacity of progenitor cells to become remyelinating cells. This work aims to address the role that the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75) – an important signalling protein that stands at the intersection of several key signalling cascades – plays in mediating this inhibition of remyelination. The intention of this work is to investigate p75 as a potential therapeutic target for clinical interventions aimed at enhancing remyelination.
Phase transition in the Sznajd model with independence
Creators: name: Sznajd-Weron, K.
name: Tabiszewski, M.
name: Timpanaro, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a model of opinion dynamics which describes two major types of social influence -- conformity and independence. Conformity in our model is described by the so called outflow dynamics (known as Sznajd model). According to sociologists' suggestions, we introduce also a second type of social influence, known in social psychology as independence. Various social experiments have shown that the level of conformity depends on the society. We introduce this level as a parameter of the model and show that there is a continuous phase transition between conformity and independence.
Sagnac Interferometer Enhanced Particle Tracking in Optical Tweezers
Creators: name: Taylor, M. A.
name: Knittel, J.
name: Hsu, M. T. L.
name: Bachor, H. -A.
name: Bowen, W. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A setup is proposed to enhance tracking of very small particles, by using optical tweezers embedded within a Sagnac interferometer. The achievable signal-to-noise ratio is shown to be enhanced over that for a standard optical tweezers setup. The enhancement factor increases asymptotically as the interferometer visibility approaches 100%, but is capped at a maximum given by the ratio of the trapping field intensity to the detector saturation threshold. For an achievable visibility of 99%, the signal-to-noise ratio is enhanced by a factor of 200, and the minimum trackable particle size is 2.4 times smaller than without the interferometer.
Direct Collocation Methods for Trajectory Optimization in Constrained Robotic Systems
Creators: name: Bordalba, Ricard
name: Schoels, Tobias
name: Ros, Lluís
name: Porta, Josep M.
name: Diehl, Moritz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Direct collocation methods are powerful tools to solve trajectory optimization problems in robotics. While their resulting trajectories tend to be dynamically accurate, they may also present large kinematic errors in the case of constrained mechanical systems, i.e., those whose state coordinates are subject to holonomic or nonholonomic constraints, like loop-closure or rolling-contact constraints. These constraints confine the robot trajectories to an implicitly-defined manifold, which complicates the computation of accurate solutions. Discretization errors inherent to the transcription of the problem easily make the trajectories drift away from this manifold, which results in physically inconsistent motions that are difficult to track with a controller. This paper reviews existing methods to deal with this problem and proposes new ones to overcome their limitations. Current approaches either disregard the kinematic constraints (which leads to drift accumulation) or modify the system dynamics to keep the trajectory close to the manifold (which adds artificial forces or energy dissipation to the system). The methods we propose, in contrast, achieve full drift elimination on the discrete trajectory, or even along the continuous one, without artificial modifications of the system dynamics. We illustrate and compare the methods using various examples of different complexity.
Uromys anak subsp. anak anak Thomas
Creators: name: Groves, C. P.
name: Flannery, Tim F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1994
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Muridae
Uromys
Uromys anak
Uromys anak anak thomas

description: Uromys anak anak Thomas, 1907 Revised diagnosis. Distinguished from other subspecies as follows: i) colour less dark than U. a. rothschildi; ii) body smaller; iii) tail longer; iv) hindfoot shorter. Notes. The nominotypical subspecies is widely distributed along the New Guinean Central Cordillera above about 1000 m, from Mount Dayman in the Owen Stanleys in the east to the upper Bubu River region in the west.
description: Published as part of Groves, C. P. & Flannery, Tim F., 1994, A revision of the genus Uromys Peters, 1867 (Muridae: Mammalia) with descriptions of two new species, pp. 145-169 in Records of the Australian Museum 46 (2) on page 155, DOI: 10.3853/j.0067-1975.46.1994.12, http://zenodo.org/record/4654701
Association between hyperandrogenism and adverse pregnancy outcomes in patients with different polycystic ovary syndrome phenotypes undergoing in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Ma, Linna
name: Cao, Yurong
name: Ma, Yue
name: Zhai, Jun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: To study the association between hyperandrogenism (HA) and adverse pregnancy outcomes in patients with different polycystic ovary syndrome phenotypes undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). We reviewed all eligible articles published up to October 2020 after searching in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Wanfang Data, and CNKI databases. The primary outcomes were the clinical pregnancy rate (CPR), miscarriage rate (MR), and live birth rate (LBR), whereas the secondary outcomes were the number of retrieved oocytes and endometrial thickness. Risk ratios (RRs) or mean differences with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to estimate the HA impact on IVF/ICSI outcomes in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) phenotypes. Of the 789 trials identified, nine retrospective studies involving 3037 patients with PCOS were included. Compared to the PCOS group with normal androgen levels, the PCOS group with HA exhibited increased MR (RR: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.13, 2.16); the CPR (RR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.77, 1.01) and LBR (RR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.55, 1.11) were not significantly different between these groups. Subgroup analysis revealed that the CPR was lower in the polycystic ovarian (PCO)-morphology + HA + oligo-anovulation (AO) group than in the PCO + AO group (RR: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.67, 0.99). Among Asians, the PCOS/HA group had increased MR (RR: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.06, 2.31) and showed thinner endometrial thickness. However, among Caucasians, no differences were observed between the two groups. HA may have adverse effects on clinical pregnancy and miscarriage outcomes in different PCOS phenotypes, particularly among Asians.
Uromys anak subsp. rothschildi Thomas 1912
Creators: name: Groves, C. P.
name: Flannery, Tim F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1994
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Muridae
Uromys
Uromys anak
Uromys anak rothschildi thomas, 1912

description: Uromys anak rothschildi Thomas, 1912 Type material. HOLOTYPE, BM 12.1.31.2, adult female skin and skull, collected by C. Keyser in the Rawlinson Mountains (6°43'S 147°06'E), Huon Peninsula, Papua New Guinea. Revised diagnosis. Differs from other subspecies in the following combination of features: i) very dark, brown-black dorsum, with a paler (but not white) venter; ii) very large size with large teeth; iii) relatively short tail (100-113% of head and body length); iv) short hindfoot (19-21% of head and body length). Discussion. This poorly known subspecies inhabits the isolated Huon Peninsula of northern New Guinea.
description: Published as part of Groves, C. P. & Flannery, Tim F., 1994, A revision of the genus Uromys Peters, 1867 (Muridae: Mammalia) with descriptions of two new species, pp. 145-169 in Records of the Australian Museum 46 (2) on page 155, DOI: 10.3853/j.0067-1975.46.1994.12, http://zenodo.org/record/4654701
Quantitative performance characterization of image quality and radiation dose for dental CBCT machine (CS9300)
Creators: name: Abouei, Elham
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Purpose: To characterize the performance of cone beam CT (CBCT) used in dentistry, investigating quantitatively the image quality and radiation dose during dental CBCT over different settings for partial rotation of the x-ray tube. Methods: Image quality and dose measurements were done on a variable field of view (FOV) dental CBCT (Carestream 9300). X-ray parameters for clinical settings were adjustable for 2-10 mA, 60-90 kVp, and two optional voxel size values, with fixed time for each protocol and FOV. The phantoms were positioned in the FOV to imitate clinical positioning. Image quality was assessed by scanning a cylindrical poly-methyl methacrylate (PMMA) image quality phantom (SEDENTEXCT IQ), and the images were analyzed using ImageJ to calculate image quality parameters such as noise, uniformity, contrast to noise ratio (CNR), and spatial resolution. A protocol proposed by SEDENTEXCT, dose index 1 (DI1), was applied to dose measurements obtained using a thimble ionization chamber and cylindrical PMMA dose index phantom (SEDENTEXCT DI). Dose distributions were obtained using Gafchromic film. Results: The image noise was 6-12.5% which, when normalized to the difference of mean voxel value of PMMA and air, was comparable between different FOVs. Uniformity was 93.5-99.7% across the images. CNR was 0.5-4.2, 0.2-4.6, 3.7-11.7, 4.3-17.8, and 6.3-14.3 for LDPE, POM, PTFE, air, and aluminum, respectively. The measured FWHM and spatial resolution were larger than the voxel size. FWHM were 0.49-0.65 mm; spatial resolution was 194.81-467.68. Dose distributions were symmetric about the rotation angle’s bisector. For large and medium FOVs at 4 mA, 80-90 kVp, and 180-250 μm, DI1 values were in the range of 1.26-3.23 mGy. DI1 values were between 1.01-1.93 mGy for small FOV (5x5 cm²) at 4-5 mA,75-84 kVp, and 200 μm. Conclusion: Noise and spatial resolution decreased and the CNR increased by increasing kVp; the geometric distortion, AAV, FWHM were very similar or the same when increasing the kVp. When FOV size increased, image noise increased and CNR decreased. FWHM and spatial resolution have no correlation with the voxel size. DI1 values were increased by increasing tube current (mA), tube voltage (kVp), and/or FOV.
title: Artificial intelligence in radiology: An assessment of trainee perceptions and understanding
Creators: name: Nnajiuba, Uzoma
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Workforce
subject: Technology assessment
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Neural networks
subject: Artificial Intelligence

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Artificial Intelligence has dominated the discourse within the Radiology community in recent years and with the current pace of development within the field, this technology looks certain to play an increasing role in our everyday clinical...
The targum (1873:June)
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: Targum Association
Year: 1873

description: Some University historians indicate that the Targum was first published as an annual in 1867, but of this we have no extant evidence. In January 1869, the Targum as we now know it, made its appearance as a monthly paper that concerned itself with student “literary contributions” and college news as well as serving as a vehicle for bringing news to alumni and the general public. The newspaper, which originally was for sale, varied in frequency over the years as did its title (The Targum, Rutgers Targum, Rutgers Daily Targum, and Daily Targum). The newspaper has continuously been published since 1869 with the exception of 19 months during the second world war, between February 1944 and October 1945. The Targum was published by the students of Rutgers College, and later Rutgers University—New Brunswick represented through the years as the Targum Association, Rutgers Targum Association, and Rutgers College Targum. As a student organization, the Targum operated under the oversight of the dean of students and student government but in October 1980, the Targum became an independent college paper.
Aesthetics and Astronomy: Studying the public's perception and understanding of non-traditional imagery from space
Creators: name: Smith, Lisa F.
name: Smith, Jeffrey K.
name: Arcand, Kimberly K.
name: Smith, Randall K.
name: Bookbinder, Jay
name: Keach, Kelly
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some 400 years after Galileo, modern telescopes have enabled humanity to "see" what the natural eye cannot. Astronomical images today contain information about incredibly large objects located across vast distances and reveal information found in "invisible" radiation ranging from radio waves to X-rays. The current generation of telescopes has created an explosion of images available for the public to explore. This has, importantly, coincided with the maturation of the Internet. Every major telescope has a web site, often with an extensive gallery of images. New and free downloadable tools exist for members of the public to explore astronomical data and even create their own images. In short, a new era of an accessible universe has been entered, in which the public can participate and explore like never before. But there is a severe lack of scholarly and robust studies to probe how people - especially non-experts - perceive these images and the information they attempt to convey. Most astronomical images for the public have been processed (e.g., color choices, artifact removal, smoothing, cropping/field-of-view shown) to strike a balance between the science being highlighted and the aesthetics designed to engage the public. However, the extent to which these choices affect perception and comprehension is, at best, poorly understood. The goal of the studies presented here was to begin a program of research to better understand how people perceive astronomical images, and how such images, and the explanatory material that accompanies them, can best be presented to the public in terms of understanding, appreciation, and enjoyment of the images and the science that underlies them.
description: 49 pages, 14 figures, Science Communication, in press
A brief comment on the similarities of the IR solutions for the ghost propagator DSE in Landau and Coulomb gauges
Creators: name: Rodríguez-Quintero, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This brief note is devoted to reconcile the conclusions from a recent analysis of the IR solutions for the ghost propagator Dyson-Schwinger equations in Coulomb gauge with previous studies in Landau gauge.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Surface-plasmon-polariton waves guided by the uniformly moving planar interface of a metal film and dielectric slab
Creators: name: Mackay, Tom G.
name: Lakhtakia, Akhlesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explored the effects of relative motion on the excitation of surface-plasmon-polariton (SPP) waves guided by the planar interface of a metal film and a dielectric slab, both materials being isotropic and homogeneous. Electromagnetic phasors in moving and non-moving reference frames were related directly using the corresponding Lorentz transformations. Our numerical studies revealed that, in the case of a uniformly moving dielectric slab, the angle of incidence for SPP-wave excitation is highly sensitive to (i) the ratio $β$ of the speed of motion to speed of light in free space and (ii) the direction of motion. When the direction of motion is parallel to the plane of incidence, the SPP wave is excited by $p$-polarized (but not $s$-polarized) incident plane waves for low and moderate values of $β$, while at higher values of $β$ the total reflection regime breaks down. When the direction of motion is perpendicular to the plane of incidence, the SPP wave is excited by $p$-polarized incident plane waves for low values of $β$, but $s$-polarized incident plane waves at moderate values of $β$, while at higher values of $β$ the SPP wave is not excited. In the case of a uniformly moving metal film, the sensitivity to $β$ and the direction of motion is less obvious.
Crowdwork and international trade: Opportunities and challenges
Creators: name: Olguin, Michelle
name: Maza, Fabiola
name: Nguyen, Amy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: classificationCode: 480308
subject: International trade and investment law

description: The report is focused on the current debates in the trade regime that impact crowdworking platforms, and how some domestic regulations are dealing with it. Although most of the academic concerns regarding crowdworking platforms are related to the labour standards, the trade regime imposes some challenges to the development of these technologies as a source of employment. Data regulation, taxation, jurisdiction and competition are some of the main debates that could shape future platforms and business models, as well as forms of work.
Collusion and Conspiracy Theories: US Domestic Politics and Russian Active Measures
Creators: name: Znamenski, Andrei
Publisher: name: Ibidem Verlag
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Clinton, Hillary Rodham
subject: Putin, Vladimir Vladimirovich, 1952-
subject: Conspiracy theories
subject: Trump, Donald, 1946-
subject: Republican Party (U.S. : 1854- )
subject: Democratic Party (U.S.)
subject: New Left
subject: Presidents--Election
subject: Alinsky, Saul D., 1909-1972
subject: Multiculturalism

description: The paper explores how the flamboyantly thuggish behavior of the Putin regime in the international arena, the Cold War legacy, and the failures of the mainstream "diversity" ideology of the American establishment contributed the emergence of the paranoid narrative about the "Russian Collusion" in the US domestic politics between 2016 and 2021. First, the author argues that, being shell-shocked by a sudden victory of the unvetted populist presidential candidate, the Washington establishment turned to the external conspiratorial explanation of the Trump success instead of analyzing domestic sources of the Democrats' defeat. Second, it is suggested that the cry racism tactics, which the left and liberal mainstream had successfully used to morally disarm their opponents, was failing as applied to Trump, who rejected the apology tactics and preached aggressive civic nationalism. Under these circumstances, the "Russian Collusion" narrative spontaneously emerged in the left-liberal thought collective as an additional handy tool to topple down the "illegitimate" president.
Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy of Two Lensed Star-forming Galaxies
Creators: name: Fadely, Ross
name: Allam, Sahar S.
name: Baker, Andrew J.
name: Lin, Huan
name: Lutz, Dieter
name: Shapley, Alice E.
name: Shin, Min-Su
name: Smith, J. Allyn
name: Strauss, Michael A.
name: Tucker, Douglas L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present low-resolution, rest-frame ~ 5 - 12 micron Spitzer/IRS spectra of two lensed z ~ 2 UV-bright star-forming galaxies, SDSS J120602.09+514229.5 and SDSS J090122.37+181432.3. Using the magnification boost from lensing, we are able to study the physical properties of these objects in greater detail than is possible for unlensed systems. In both targets, we detect strong PAH emission at 6.2, 7.7, and 11.3 microns, indicating the presence of vigorous star formation. For J1206, we find a steeply rising continuum and significant [S IV] emission, suggesting that a moderately hard radiation field is powering continuum emission from small dust grains. The strength of the [S IV] emission also implies a sub-solar metallicity of ~ 0.5 Z_{Sun}, confirming published rest-frame optical measurements. In J0901, the PAH lines have large rest-frame equivalent widths (> 1 micron) and the continuum rises slowly with wavelength, suggesting that any AGN contribution to L_{IR} is insignificant, in contrast to the implications of optical emission-line diagnostics. Using [O III] line flux as a proxy for AGN strength, we estimate that the AGN in J0901 provides only a small fraction of its mid-infrared continuum flux. By combining the detection of [Ar II] with an upper limit on [Ar III] emission, we infer a metallicity of > 1.3 Z_{Sun}. This work highlights the importance of combining rest-frame optical and mid-IR spectroscopy in order to understand the detailed properties of star-forming galaxies at high redshift.
description: 20 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables. ApJ accepted
Quantifying the Effect of Image Similarity on Diabetic Foot Ulcer Classification
Creators: name: Dipto, Imran Chowdhury
name: Cassidy, Bill
name: Kendrick, Connah
name: Reeves, Neil D.
name: Pappachan, Joseph M.
name: Chandrabalan, Vishnu
name: Yap, Moi Hoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This research conducts an investigation on the effect of visually similar images within a publicly available diabetic foot ulcer dataset when training deep learning classification networks. The presence of binary-identical duplicate images in datasets used to train deep learning algorithms is a well known issue that can introduce unwanted bias which can degrade network performance. However, the effect of visually similar non-identical images is an under-researched topic, and has so far not been investigated in any diabetic foot ulcer studies. We use an open-source fuzzy algorithm to identify groups of increasingly similar images in the Diabetic Foot Ulcers Challenge 2021 (DFUC2021) training dataset. Based on each similarity threshold, we create new training sets that we use to train a range of deep learning multi-class classifiers. We then evaluate the performance of the best performing model on the DFUC2021 test set. Our findings show that the model trained on the training set with the 80\% similarity threshold images removed achieved the best performance using the InceptionResNetV2 network. This model showed improvements in F1-score, precision, and recall of 0.023, 0.029, and 0.013, respectively. These results indicate that highly similar images can contribute towards the presence of performance degrading bias within the Diabetic Foot Ulcers Challenge 2021 dataset, and that the removal of images that are 80\% similar from the training set can help to boost classification performance.
Structural and functional relationships of the bacteriopheophytin environment in a photosynthetic reaction center protein
Creators: name: Saer, Rafael Gonzalo
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: The photosynthetic reaction center (RC) of the bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides is a pigment-protein complex in which electron transfer reactions efficiently capture solar energy in the form of charge separation. Embedded in this protein are two molecules of bacteriopheophytin (BPhe), one of which mediates electron transfer (HA). Efficient electron transfer through HA, as well as other cofactors of the RC, relies on both the spatial arrangement of the cofactors in the protein scaffold, as well as favorable interactions between the cofactors and their surrounding protein components. In this work, the interplay between the HA cofactor and its protein environment are explored. Specifically, a leucine residue whose side chain projects orthogonally to the plane of the HA macrocycle was changed by site-directed mutagenesis, creating a series of RC mutants with different side chains at this position (termed (M)214). The results derived from this work reveal that: (i) (M)214 plays a role in the pigment selectivity of the HA binding pocket; (ii) the volume of the (M)214 side chain is important for fast forward electron transfer; and (iii) the (M)214 residue affects the configuration of a nearby bacteriochlorophyll pigment. In a subsequent chapter of this work, I describe the effects of HA coordination state in RCs that assemble exclusively with zinc-bacteriochlorophyll in place of bacteriochlorophyll and BPhe. My results reveal that the coordination state of the HA Zn²⁺ metal plays a role in determining the yield of charge separation within the protein. In addition, it was found that these so-called Zn-RCs do not assemble with a full occupancy of a cofactor. Collectively, the results from this work serve to increase our basic understanding of the protein-cofactor interplay within photosynthetic systems.
Molecular accretion in the core of the galaxy cluster 2A 0335+096
Creators: name: Wilman, R. J.
name: Edge, A. C.
name: McGregor, P. J.
name: McNamara, B. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present adaptive optics-assisted K-band integral field spectroscopy of the central cluster galaxy in 2A 0335+096 (z=0.0349). The H2 v=1-0 S(1) emission is concentrated in two peaks within 600 pc of the nucleus and fainter but kinematically-active emission extends towards the nucleus. The H2 is in a rotating structure which aligns with, and appears to have been accreted from, a stream of H-alpha emission extending over 14 kpc towards a companion galaxy. The projected rotation axis aligns with the 5 GHz radio lobes. This H2 traces the known 1.2E9 Msun CO-emitting reservoir; limits on the Br-gamma emission confirm that the H2 emission is not excited by star formation, which occurs at a rate of less than 1 Msun/yr in this gas. If its accretion onto the black hole can be regulated whilst star formation remains suppressed, the reservoir could last for at least 1 Gyr; the simultaneous accretion of just ~ 5 per cent of the gas could drive a series of AGN outbursts which offset X-ray cooling in the cluster core for the full 1 Gyr. Alternatively, if the regulation is ineffective and the bulk of the H2 accretes within a few orbital periods (25-100 Myr), the resulting 1E62 erg outburst would be among the most powerful cluster AGN outbursts known. In either case, these observations further support cold feedback scenarios for AGN heating.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures; MNRAS accepted; corrected typo in author listing
Charge conjugation from space-time inversion in QED: discrete and continuous groups
Creators: name: Pérez, B. Carballo
name: Socolovsky, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the CPT groups of QED emerge naturally from the PT and P (or T) subgroups of the Lorentz group. We also find relationships between these discrete groups and continuous groups, like the connected Lorentz and Poincaré groups and their universal coverings.
description: 7 pages
The $χ$-part of the analytic class number formula, for global function fields
Creators: name: Viguié, Stéphane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11R58, 11R29 (11M06)

description: Let F/k be a finite abelian extension of global function fields, totally split at a distinguished place \infty. We prove that a complex Gras conjecture holds for a suitable group of Stark units, and we derive a refined analytic class number formula.
description: 10 pages
Bulbophyllum (sect. Polymeres)
Creators: name: Vermeulen, Jaap J.
name: Schuiteman, André
name: De Vogel, Edward F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Asparagales
Orchidaceae
Bulbophyllum

description: At present, Bulbophyllum section Polymeres comprises approximately 170 (provisionally) accepted species (232 names) according to Vermeulen et al. (2014), and with a few more recently described species added. Four informal series were proposed for this section in Schuiteman et al. (2010). These are useful for a first division in a key to the species of the section but are unlikely to reflect the phylogeny of this group as the resulting series are not supported by additional characters in, for instance, the flowers. A key to these series runs as follows: 1. Sepals (partly) connate series A 1a. Sepals free 2 2. Rhizomes creeping or straggling. Roots spreading, arising near most pseudobulbs including recently developed ones series B 2a. Rhizomes (shortly) ascending, patent to stiffly or limply pendulous. Roots usually growing towards the point of attachment of the plant over or alongside the rhizome. Recently developed shoots usually without roots 3 3. New shoots arising from a node along the rhizome (fig. 1a) or from the very base of the pseudobulb (fig. 1b), not perforating the pseudobulb above its base series C 3a. New shoots emerging above the node from which they originate, perforating the pseudobulb above its base (Fig. 1c, 1d, 1e) series D In series D, the perforated part of the pseudobulb varies in length between species but varies little within species and is therefore of diagnostic value. In some species, the new shoots arise just above the base of the pseudobulb, in others close to the apex; compare Fig. 1c, 1d, and 1e. While revising the New Guinea species of section Polymeres, we encountered several undescribed species. In this paper, we present the novelties in series B and C of the section.
description: Published as part of Vermeulen, Jaap J., Schuiteman, André & De Vogel, Edward F., 2020, Sixteen new species of Bulbophyllum section Polymeres (Orchidaceae) from New Guinea, pp. 301-330 in Lankesteriana 20 (3) on page 301, DOI: 10.15517/lank.v20i3.44438, http://zenodo.org/record/4455665
description: {"references": ["Vermeulen J. J., Fischer, G., de Camargo Smidt, E., Stern, W. L., Pridgeon, A. M., Veitch, C., Sieder, A., Vugt, R. van & Gravendeel, B. (2014). Bulbophyllum. In: A. M. Pridgeon, P. J. Cribb, M. W. Chase, & F. N. Rasmussen (Eds.), Genera Orchidacearum Vol. 6, Epidendroideae pt. 3 (pp. 4 - 51). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.", "Schuiteman A, Vermeulen, J. J. & de Vogel, E. F. (2010). Flora Malesiana: Orchids of New Guinea Vol. VI. Genus Bulbophyllum (CD-ROM). Amsterdam / Leiden: ETI / Nationaal Herbarium Nederland. Also available at http: // www. orchidsnewguinea. com"]}
First Results from a 1.3 cm EVLA Survey of Massive Protostellar Objects: G35.03+0.35
Creators: name: Brogan, C. L.
name: Hunter, T. R.
name: Cyganowski, C. J.
name: Friesen, R. K.
name: Chandler, C. J.
name: Indebetouw, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed a 1.3 centimeter survey of 24 massive young stellar objects (MYSOs) using the Expanded Very Large Array (EVLA). The sources in the sample exhibit a broad range of massive star formation signposts including Infrared Dark Clouds (IRDCs), UCHII regions, and extended 4.5 micron emission in the form of Extended Green Objects (EGOs). In this work, we present results for G35.03+0.35 which exhibits all of these phenomena. We simultaneously image the 1.3 cm ammonia (1,1) through (6,6) inversion lines, four methanol transitions, two H recombination lines, plus continuum at 0.05 pc resolution. We find three areas of thermal ammonia emission, two within the EGO (designated the NE and SW cores) and one toward an adjacent IRDC. The NE core contains an UCHII region (CM1) and a candidate HCHII region (CM2). A region of non-thermal, likely masing ammonia (3,3) and (6,6) emission is coincident with an arc of 44 GHz methanol masers. We also detect two new 25 GHz Class I methanol masers. A complementary Submillimeter Array 1.3 mm continuum image shows that the distribution of dust emission is similar to the lower-lying ammonia lines, all peaking to the NW of CM2, indicating the likely presence of an additional MYSO in this protocluster. By modeling the ammonia and 1.3 mm continuum data, we obtain gas temperatures of 20-220 K and masses of 20-130 solar. The diversity of continuum emission properties and gas temperatures suggest that objects in a range of evolutionary states exist concurrently in this protocluster.
description: To appear in Astrophysical Journal Letters Special Issue on the EVLA. 16 pages, 3 figures. Includes the complete version of Figure 3, which was unable to fit into the journal article due to the number of panels
Examining the relationship between attachment style and resilience during adolescence
Creators: name: Sam, Johanna
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Introduction: Although research indicates that attachment should theoretically play a critical role in determining how youth mobilize social resources in response to experiences of distress, few researchers have integrated the perspective of attachment styles in studies investigating the development and promotion of resilience in adolescents. Knowledge of the processes underlying the ways and extent to which youth seek support to cope with stressful events may be improved by examining the distribution and stability of specific attachment styles and their relationship with resilience. Objectives: In a representative population of adolescents, the two primary objectives of this study are to: i) Quantify the distribution of attachment styles and their stability over a six (6) month period in a large sample of the general population ; and ii) Examine the relationship between attachment styles and levels of resilience. Methods: The data (n=1038) used for this study was obtained from Waves 6 and 7 of the British Columbia Adolescent Substance Use Survey (BASUS), a prospective cohort study of youth aged 14 to 15 years enrolled in a public secondary schools across British Columbia. Measures included were the Relationship Questionnaire developed by Bartholomew and Horowitz (1991), the 14-Item Resilience Scale (RS) developed by Wagnild and Young (1993), and sociodemographic factors (e.g. gender, socioeconomic status, and ethnicity). Results: At baseline, secure youth made up 46% of the entire Wave 6 sample (n=692). From the 818 youth with insecure attachment styles at Wave 6, forty-four percent (n=346) were fearful, 39% (n=317) were dismissing, and 19% (n=155) were preoccupied. For youth with secure attachment at Wave 6, approximately sixty percent retained the same classification in Wave 7. Findings indicate resiliency was significantly associated with attachment style (p < 0.001) with the resulting average resiliency scores: Secure (79), Fearful (69), Preoccupied (67), and Dismissing (75). Conclusions: These findings suggest the stability of self-reported attachment style fluctuates by attachment style. In particular, secure attachment seeming relatively stable while insecure attachment styles appeared more transitory. The significant relationship with resilience provides support for the integration of attachment style into resilience-based research, intervention and prevention strategies.
Derivation of Linearised Polycrystals from a 2D system of edge dislocations
Creators: name: Fanzon, Silvio
name: Palombaro, Mariapia
name: Ponsiglione, Marcello
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 74B15, 74N05, 74N15, 49J45

description: In this paper we show the emergence of polycrystalline structures as a result of elastic energy minimisation. For this purpose, we introduce a variational model for two-dimensional systems of edge dislocations, within the so-called core radius approach, and we derive the $Γ$-limit of the elastic energy functional as the lattice space tends to zero. In the energy regime under investigation, the symmetric and skew part of the strain become decoupled in the limit, the dislocation measure being the curl of the skew part of the strain. The limit energy is given by the sum of a plastic term, acting on the dislocation density, and an elastic term, which depends on the symmetric strains. Minimisers under suitable boundary conditions are piece-wise constant antisymmetric strain fields, representing in our model a polycrystal whose grains are mutually rotated by infinitesimal angles.
Lines of descent in the deterministic mutation-selection model with pairwise interaction
Creators: name: Baake, Ellen
name: Cordero, Fernando
name: Hummel, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 92D15, 60J80, 60J28, 49K15, 05C80

description: We consider the mutation--selection differential equation with pairwise interaction (or, equivalently, the diploid mutation--selection equation) and establish the corresponding ancestral process, which is a random tree and a variant of the ancestral selection graph. The formal relation to the forward model is given via duality. To make the tree tractable, we prune branches upon mutations, thus reducing it to its informative parts. The hierarchies inherent in the tree are encoded systematically via tripod trees with weighted leaves; this leads to the stratified ancestral selection graph. The latter also satisfies a duality relation with the mutation--selection equation. Each of the dualities provides a stochastic representation of the solution of the differential equation. This allows us to connect the equilibria and their bifurcations to the long-term behaviour of the ancestral process. Furthermore, with the help of the stratified ancestral selection graph, we obtain explicit results about the ancestral type distribution in the case of unidirectional mutation.
description: 40 pages, 17 figures
The targum (1873:Oct.)
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: Targum Association
Year: 1873

description: Some University historians indicate that the Targum was first published as an annual in 1867, but of this we have no extant evidence. In January 1869, the Targum as we now know it, made its appearance as a monthly paper that concerned itself with student “literary contributions” and college news as well as serving as a vehicle for bringing news to alumni and the general public. The newspaper, which originally was for sale, varied in frequency over the years as did its title (The Targum, Rutgers Targum, Rutgers Daily Targum, and Daily Targum). The newspaper has continuously been published since 1869 with the exception of 19 months during the second world war, between February 1944 and October 1945. The Targum was published by the students of Rutgers College, and later Rutgers University—New Brunswick represented through the years as the Targum Association, Rutgers Targum Association, and Rutgers College Targum. As a student organization, the Targum operated under the oversight of the dean of students and student government but in October 1980, the Targum became an independent college paper.
Plasmon wakefields and dispersive properties of metallic nanostructures
Creators: name: Ali, S.
name: Terças, H.
name: Mendonça, J. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the excitation of electrostatic wakefields in metallic nanostructures (nanowires) due to the propagation of a short electron pulse. For that purpose, a dispersive (nonlocal) dielectric response of the system is considered, accounting for both the finiteness of the system and the quantum (Bohm) difraction of the conduction electron band, generalizing the results obtained previously in the literature [Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{103}, 097403 (2009)]. We discuss on the stability conditions of wakefields and show that the underling mechanism can be useful to investigate new sources of radiation in the extreme-ultra-violet (XUV) range.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, submitted to PRL
A Survey on Deep Learning for Named Entity Recognition
Creators: name: Li, Jing
name: Sun, Aixin
name: Han, Jianglei
name: Li, Chenliang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Named entity recognition (NER) is the task to identify mentions of rigid designators from text belonging to predefined semantic types such as person, location, organization etc. NER always serves as the foundation for many natural language applications such as question answering, text summarization, and machine translation. Early NER systems got a huge success in achieving good performance with the cost of human engineering in designing domain-specific features and rules. In recent years, deep learning, empowered by continuous real-valued vector representations and semantic composition through nonlinear processing, has been employed in NER systems, yielding stat-of-the-art performance. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive review on existing deep learning techniques for NER. We first introduce NER resources, including tagged NER corpora and off-the-shelf NER tools. Then, we systematically categorize existing works based on a taxonomy along three axes: distributed representations for input, context encoder, and tag decoder. Next, we survey the most representative methods for recent applied techniques of deep learning in new NER problem settings and applications. Finally, we present readers with the challenges faced by NER systems and outline future directions in this area.
description: 20 pages, 12 figures, 3 tables
Conditional control of quantum beats in a cavity QED system
Creators: name: Norris, D G
name: Cimmarusti, A D
name: Orozco, L A
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We probe a ground-state superposition that produces a quantum beat in the intensity correlation of a two-mode cavity QED system. We mix drive with scattered light from an atomic beam traversing the cavity, and effectively measure the interference between the drive and the light from the atom. When a photon escapes the cavity, and upon detection, it triggers our feedback which modulates the drive at the same beat frequency but opposite phase for a given time window. This results in a partial interruption of the beat oscillation in the correlation function, that then returns to oscillate.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, XVII Reuni\'on Iberoamericana de \'Optica, X Encuentro de \'Optica, L\'aseres y Aplicaciones (RIAO-OPTILAS-2010)
A Multilevel Approach for Stochastic Nonlinear Optimal Control
Creators: name: Jasra, Ajay
name: Heng, Jeremy
name: Xu, Yaxian
name: Bishop, Adrian N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider a class of finite time horizon nonlinear stochastic optimal control problem, where the control acts additively on the dynamics and the control cost is quadratic. This framework is flexible and has found applications in many domains. Although the optimal control admits a path integral representation for this class of control problems, efficient computation of the associated path integrals remains a challenging Monte Carlo task. The focus of this article is to propose a new Monte Carlo approach that significantly improves upon existing methodology. Our proposed methodology first tackles the issue of exponential growth in variance with the time horizon by casting optimal control estimation as a smoothing problem for a state space model associated with the control problem, and applying smoothing algorithms based on particle Markov chain Monte Carlo. To further reduce computational cost, we then develop a multilevel Monte Carlo method which allows us to obtain an estimator of the optimal control with $\mathcal{O}(ε^2)$ mean squared error with a computational cost of $\mathcal{O}(ε^{-2}\log(ε)^2)$. In contrast, a computational cost of $\mathcal{O}(ε^{-3})$ is required for existing methodology to achieve the same mean squared error. Our approach is illustrated on two numerical examples, which validate our theory.