cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Bending a periodically layered structure for transformation acoustics
Creators: name: Liang, Zixian
name: Li, Jensen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Anisotropic acoustic metamaterials have been proved very useful for their high potential in guiding and manipulating sound energy. In this paper, we further develop the idea by using periodically layered structures for transformational acoustics. Such a simple scheme periodically inserts identically bent solid plates in a background fluid. It forms a metamaterial with high refractive index normal to the curved plates and an index near to one along the plates. We show that the periodically layered structure, combined with transformation approach, can be cut into particular device shapes for acoustic cloaking and illusion.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Quantifying and Modeling Long-Range Cross-Correlations in Multiple Time Series with Applications to World Stock Indices
Creators: name: Wang, Duan
name: Podobnik, Boris
name: Horvatić, Davor
name: Stanley, H. Eugene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a modified time lag random matrix theory in order to study time lag cross-correlations in multiple time series. We apply the method to 48 world indices, one for each of 48 different countries. We find long-range power-law cross-correlations in the absolute values of returns that quantify risk, and find that they decay much more slowly than cross-correlations between the returns. The magnitude of the cross-correlations constitute "bad news" for international investment managers who may believe that risk is reduced by diversifying across countries. We find that when a market shock is transmitted around the world, the risk decays very slowly. We explain these time lag cross-correlations by introducing a global factor model (GFM) in which all index returns fluctuate in response to a single global factor. For each pair of individual time series of returns, the cross-correlations between returns (or magnitudes) can be modeled with the auto-correlations of the global factor returns (or magnitudes). We estimate the global factor using principal component analysis, which minimizes the variance of the residuals after removing the global trend. Using random matrix theory, a significant fraction of the world index cross-correlations can be explained by the global factor, which supports the utility of the GFM. We demonstrate applications of the GFM in forecasting risks at the world level, and in finding uncorrelated individual indices. We find 10 indices are practically uncorrelated with the global factor and with the remainder of the world indices, which is relevant information for world managers in reducing their portfolio risk. Finally, we argue that this general method can be applied to a wide range of phenomena in which time series are measured, ranging from seismology and physiology to atmospheric geophysics.
description: Accepted by Phys. Rev. E
title: Μετασκευή επιβατηγού οχηματαγωγού (Ε/Γ-Ο/Γ) πλοίου για αύξηση της μεταφορικής του ικανότητας. Τροποποίηση και σχεδίαση των υπερκατασκευών
title: Reconstruction of a RO-RO passenger ship to increase it's transport capacity. Modification and design of superstructures
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Σαμακλής, Παναγιώτης
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2021
Subjects: Μετασκευή
Lightship
Trim & stability booklet
Άθικτη ευστάθεια
Σχέδια γενικής διάταξης

description: Σκοπός της διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι η μετασκευή ενός επιβατηγού οχηματαγωγού πλοίου για την αύξηση της μεταφορικής του ικανότητας. Κατ’ επέκταση έγινε τροποποίηση των υπερκατασκευών του ώστε να μπορεί να λειτουργήσει σύμφωνα με τις απαιτήσεις του νέου πλοιοκτήτη. Κατά την πορεία της διπλωματικής εργασίας δημιουργήθηκαν τα καινούργια σχέdια γενικής διάταξης, έγινε μελέτη σωστικών, επιβατών, fire zones, λεπτομερής υπολογισμός του καινούργιου lightship, υπολογισμός καταμέτρησης και γραμμής φορτώσεως καθώς και λεπτομερής μελέτη άθικτης ευσταθείας. Στα παραρτήματα της παρούσας διπλωματικής δημιουργήθηκε ένα ολοκληρωμένο Trim & Stability Booklet. Τα προγράμματα που χρησιμοποιήθηκαν είναι το NAPA HYDROSTATICS και AUTOCAD 2021.
An investigation of age-causing molecular phenomena at the gate-dielectric channel interface of MOSFET devices
Creators: name: Sheikholeslam, S. Arash
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) scaling has led to numerous reliability challenges. A major source of such challenges is the molecular phenomena at the channel/dielectric interface in Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors (MOSFET). In this work, MOSFET dielectric/channel interface is investigated, and hydrogen diffusion as the cause behind one of the major MOSFET reliability issues (namely NBTI) is characterized. Within the realm of device simulation, classical molecular dynamics bridges the gap between accurate but complex quantum chemical methods and crude but straightforward statistical/Monte-Carlo methods. In particular, classical molecular dynamics alongside customized forcefield parameters were used to study hydrogen dissociation and diffusion at the silicon/ silicon dioxide interface. Such processes govern BTI-like MOSFET aging. For the first time, a full molecular-level characterization of hydrogen dissociation and diffusion at the gate-dielectric/channel interface was developed. We also showed how some mechanical alterations may improve the MOSFET devices resilience to longterm NBTI aging. Further, new forcefield parameters were developed and used to predict some of the characteristics of high-k dielectrics and their interface with silicon dioxide. This work sets the grounds for a systematic, simulation-driven approach towards engineering reliable nano-scale MOSFET devices.
Exploring the Restorative Properties of Urban and Nature Settings Using Virtual Reality
Creators: name: Valtchanov, Deltcho
name: Ellard, Colin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: restorative effects
virtual reality
effects of nature
urban environments
exposure to nature

description: In this paper we present an empirical study that provides strong evidence suggesting that the restorative properties of nature settings seen in the real-world also exist within virtual reality. Participants were induced with stress and were then randomly assigned to explore one of three virtual environments for ten minutes. The three environments included a tropical island, a virtual recreation of Shibuya from Tokyo Japan, and an abstract geometric environment. Physiological and self-report measures of emotional state and stress were taken at baseline, pre-virtual reality, and post-virtual reality. Results suggest that virtual nature promotes improvement in emotional state and reductions in stress, and that virtual reality is an effective tool for exploring psychological and physiological responses to architectural design in a lab setting.
title: Η πρόσληψη της ιστορίας για την Πεντάμορφη και το Τέρας: Η εξέλιξη του μύθου και οι παιδαγωγικές αρχές που τον συνοδεύουν διαχρονικά
title: A critical view of the myth the Beauty and the Beast: Its evolution and the pedagogical perceptions that accompany it over time
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Φεύγα-Βόινιτς, Σάρα
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2021
Subjects: Η Πεντάμορφη και το Τέρας
Μύθος
Χωροχρόνος
Beauty and the Beast
Folktale
Myth
Space-time
Ηθικές αξίες
Moral values
Λαϊκό παραμύθι

description: Η παρούσα εργασία, που πραγματοποιείται στο πλαίσιο του προγράμματος σπουδών του ΤΑΦΠΠΗ, εστιάζει στην συγκέντρωση και ανάλυση συγκεκριμένου πολυπολιτισμικού δείγματος παραμυθιών που φέρουν κοινή ρίζα με το παραμύθι « Η Πεντάμορφη και το Τέρας». Περιλαμβάνει θεωρητική και ιστορική ανασκόπηση του παραμυθιού και των παιδαγωγικών αρχών που το συνοδεύουν σαν έννοια. Πρόκειται για μία ποιοτική μελέτη που περιλαμβάνει κάθε δείγμα – μύθο και αποσκοπεί στην εξαγωγή παιδαγωγικών συμπερασμάτων από το κοινωνικοπολιτισμικό περιβάλλον που τον εξήγαγε. Ιδιαίτερη βαρύτητα δίδεται στο να απαντηθούν ερωτήματα όπως: Ποιες ηθικές αξίες φαίνεται να κυριαρχούν σε κάθε εκδοχή αυτού του παραμυθιού; Ποια είναι η σχέση των ιστοριών μεταξύ τους; Που συγκλίνουν και που απέχουν; Τι επιπτώσεις φέρνει η πάροδος του χρόνου στο συγκεκριμένο παραμύθι; Ακόμα γίνεται κατηγοριοποίηση στοιχείων των μύθων κατά τον παραμυθιακό κατάλογο των Aarne & Thompson και σχολιασμός των επιμέρους αναλυθέντων αποσπασμάτων.
title: Μελέτη και Σχεδιασμός παραγωγής εντύπου – Υλοποίηση περιοδικής έκδοσης
title: Study and Design of form production - Implementation of periodical publication
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Γκότσης, Αθανάσιος
name: Μπουζάλα, Ειρήνη
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2021
Subjects: Περιοδικό
Πλέγμα
Μοντάζ
Σχεδίαση
Πρότυπες σελίδες
Κοστολόγηση
Βιβλιοδεσία
Master pages

description: Ο άνθρωπος από τα πρώτα χρόνια της ύπαρξής του είχε την ανάγκη να επικοινωνεί και να ενημερώνεται. Προκειμένου να μεταδώσει γεγονότα, ιδέες, γνώσεις και πληροφορίες προχώρησε στην κατασκευή των περιοδικών εντύπων, με τη δημιουργία μιας πρώτης μορφής επικοινωνίας ανάμεσα στα μέλη μιας οργανωμένης κοινωνίας. Με την πάροδο των χρόνων ο περιοδικός τύπος αναπτύχθηκε με ανοδική πορεία, καλύπτοντας κοινωνικές ομάδες με κοινά ενδιαφέροντα και αγοραστικό κοινό ανάλογα με το θέμα που εκπροσωπεί. Τα θέματα ποικίλουν από κοινωνικά, ενημερωτικά, ψυχαγωγικά, τουριστικά, εφηβικά κ.λπ. Το περιοδικό OBZESS, το οποίο δημιουργήθηκε στα πλαίσια της παρούσας πτυχιακής εργασίας, είναι ένα κοινωνικό και ψυχαγωγικό περιοδικό που έχει στόχο την ενημέρωση της γυναίκας για θέματα μόδας, υγείας – διατροφής αλλά και την ενημέρωση για την κοινωνική ζωή διάσημων προσώπων. Πρόκειται για ένα περιοδικό πρώτης κυκλοφορίας, βασισμένο πάνω σε στοιχεία από μεγάλους και επιτυχημένους οίκους περιοδικών όπως το VOGUE, το ELLE, το GQ τα οποία είναι κοινής θεματολογίας και πολύ επιτυχημένα στο χώρο που εκπροσωπούν. Η έρευνα βασίζεται στα κριτήρια που καθορίζουν τον σχεδιασμό και την παραγωγή ενός εντύπου με στόχο τη δημιουργία ενός περιοδικού μόδας από την αρχική ιδέα μέχρι την έκδοση αυτού. Στο εννοιολογικό πλαίσιο μελετώνται οι βασικές αρχές της οπτικής παιδείας και οι κανόνες του τυπογραφικού σχεδιασμού. Με βάση τη μελέτη αυτή επιχειρείται η δημιουργία ενός εντύπου που στοχεύει να επικοινωνεί άμεσα με το αγοραστικό κοινό και να εδραιώσει τη θέση του στη βιομηχανία της μόδας.
title: Eglise Saint-Jean d'Abbetot 7, tambour 1
Creators: name: CEPAO
name: Delamare, Ségolène
name: Trajectoires UMR 8215
Publisher: name: Archeovision
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: archéologie du bâti
subject: photogrammétrie
subject: Archéologie médiévale
subject: Histoire de l'art médiéval
subject: Numérisation 3D

description: Eglise romane
description: 13 fichiers 3D (ply), 1300 fichiers image (jpg), 609 fichiers unknown (CR2)
Soil biota shift with land use change from pristine rainforest and Savannah (Cerrado) to agriculture in southern Amazonia
Creators: name: Lammel, Daniel R.
name: Nüsslein, Klaus
name: Cerri, Carlos Eduardo P.
name: Veresoglou, Stavros D.
name: Rillig, Matthias C.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: agriculture
subject: Amazonia
subject: bacteria
subject: land use change
subject: microbial community structure
subject: Protists
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Southern Amazonia is currently experiencing extensive land use change from forests to agriculture caused by increased local and global demand for agricultural products. However, little is known about the impacts of deforestation and land use change on soil biota. We investigated two regions in southern Amazonia (rainforest and Savannah/Cerrado biomes), analysing soil biota community turnover based on 16S (Archaea and Bacteria) and 18S rRNA genes (Eukaryotes, including Fungi, Protists and Animalia) and correlating them with soil chemistry and land use intensity. We found that soil biota community structure is driven by land use change in both Cerrado and rainforest. Crop fields approximatively doubled the richness of soil Archaea, Bacteria and Protists. We propose that crop systems not only increase soil pH and fertility, but also create continued disturbance (crop seasons) that stimulates soil diversity, as predicted by the dynamic equilibrium model (DEM) and the intermediate disturbance hypothesis (IDH). Even though agricultural fields had higher soil biota richness, some taxa were suppressed by agriculture (6/31 operational taxonomic units of Archaea, 245/1790 of Bacteria, 12/74 of Animalia, 20/144 of Fungi and 25/310 of Protists). Consequently, land use change in this region should proceed with caution. In the southern Amazonia region of Brazil, current laws require farmers to keep 20%–80% pristine vegetation areas on their property. Our data support the relevance of this law: since there are unique soil taxa under native vegetation, keeping these pristine areas adjacent to the agricultural fields should maximize soil biodiversity protection in these regions.
In Situ Vaccination as a Strategy to Modulate the Immune Microenvironment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Creators: name: Lurje, Isabella
name: Werner, Wiebke
name: Mohr, Raphael
name: Roderburg, Christoph
name: Tacke, Frank
name: Hammerich, Linda
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)
subject: immunotherapy
subject: in situ vaccine
subject: dendritic cells (DC)
subject: tumor microenvironment
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is a highly prevalent malignancy that develops in patients with chronic liver diseases and dysregulated systemic and hepatic immunity. The tumor microenvironment (TME) contains tumor-associated macrophages (TAM), cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF), regulatory T cells (Treg) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) and is central to mediating immune evasion and resistance to therapy. The interplay between these cells types often leads to insufficient antigen presentation, preventing effective anti-tumor immune responses. In situ vaccines harness the tumor as the source of antigens and implement sequential immunomodulation to generate systemic and lasting antitumor immunity. Thus, in situ vaccines hold the promise to induce a switch from an immunosuppressive environment where HCC cells evade antigen presentation and suppress T cell responses towards an immunostimulatory environment enriched for activated cytotoxic cells. Pivotal steps of in situ vaccination include the induction of immunogenic cell death of tumor cells, a recruitment of antigen-presenting cells with a focus on dendritic cells, their loading and maturation and a subsequent cross-priming of CD8+ T cells to ensure cytotoxic activity against tumor cells. Several in situ vaccine approaches have been suggested, with vaccine regimens including oncolytic viruses, Flt3L, GM-CSF and TLR agonists. Moreover, combinations with checkpoint inhibitors have been suggested in HCC and other tumor entities. This review will give an overview of various in situ vaccine strategies for HCC, highlighting the potentials and pitfalls of in situ vaccines to treat liver cancer.
Long-Term Bed Rest Delays the Circadian Phase of Core Body Temperature
Creators: name: Mendt, Stefan
name: Brauns, Katharina
name: Friedl-Werner, Anika
name: Belavy, Daniel L.
name: Steinach, Mathias
name: Schlabs, Thomas
name: Werner, Andreas
name: Gunga, Hanns-Christian
name: Stahn, Alexander C.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: inactivity
subject: spaceflight
subject: medical care
subject: deconditioning
subject: countermeasure
subject: core body temperature
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Spaceflight can be associated with sleep loss and circadian misalignment as a result of non-24 h light-dark cycles, operational shifts in work/rest cycles, high workload under pressure, and psychological factors. Head-down tilt bed rest (HDBR) is an established model to mimic some of the physiological and psychological adaptions observed in spaceflight. Data on the effects of HDBR on circadian rhythms are scarce. To address this gap, we analyzed the change in the circadian rhythm of core body temperature (CBT) in two 60-day HDBR studies sponsored by the European Space Agency [n = 13 men, age: 31.1 +/- 8.2 years (M +/- SD)]. CBT was recorded for 36 h using a non-invasive and validated dual-sensor heatflux technology during the 3rd and the 8th week of HDBR. Bed rest induced a significant phase delay from the 3rd to the 8th week of HDBR (16.23 vs. 16.68 h, p = 0.005, g = 0.85) irrespective of the study site (p = 0.416, g = -0.46), corresponding to an average phase delay of about 0.9 min per day of HDBR. In conclusion, long-term bed rest weakens the entrainment of the circadian system to the 24-h day. We attribute this effect to the immobilization and reduced physical activity levels associated with HDBR. Given the critical role of diurnal rhythms for various physiological functions and behavior, our findings highlight the importance of monitoring circadian rhythms in circumstances in which gravity or physical activity levels are altered.
Impaired Attentional Processing During Parabolic Flight
Creators: name: Friedl-Werner, Anika
name: Machado, Marie-Laure
name: Balestra, Costantino
name: Liegard, Yannick
name: Philoxene, Bruno
name: Brauns, Katharina
name: Stahn, Alexander C.
name: Hitier, Martin
name: Besnard, Stephane
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: microgravity
subject: attention
subject: scopolamine
subject: anxiety
subject: human
subject: adverse effects
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Previous studies suggest that altered gravity levels during parabolic flight maneuvers affect spatial updating. Little is known about the impact of the experimental setting and psychological stressors associated with parabolic flight experiments on attentional processes. To address this gap, we investigated the level of alertness, selective and sustained attention in 1 and 0 g using a Go/No-Go Continuous Performance Task. We also identified several parameters associated with the experimental set-up of a parabolic flight that could be expected to affect attentional processing. These included the use of scopolamine, sleep quality prior to the flight day, participant's stress level as well as mood and anxiety state before and after the parabolic flight. We observed a deterioration in attentional processing prior to the first parabola that was further aggravated in weightlessness and returned to baseline after the last parabola. Reaction Time, Hit and False Alarm Rate were moderately correlated with self-reported anxiety state, but not cortisol levels or emotional states. The use of scopolamine had minor effects on Reaction Time. Our results confirm previous studies reporting impairments of cognitive performance in 0 g, and highlight important aspects that should be considered for the design of behavioral research experiments in future parabolic flight campaigns.
Helicity fractions of W bosons from top quark decays at NNLO in QCD
Creators: name: Czarnecki, Andrzej
name: Korner, Jurgen G.
name: Piclum, Jan H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Decay rates of unpolarized top quarks into longitudinally and transversally polarized W bosons are calculated to second order in the strong coupling constant alpha_s. Including the finite bottom quark mass and electroweak effects, the Standard Model predictions for the W boson helicity fractions are F_L=0.687(5), F_+=0.0017(1), and F_-=0.311(5).
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
UV anti-reflection coatings for use in silicon detector design
Creators: name: Hamden, Erika T.
name: Greer, Frank
name: Hoenk, Michael E.
name: Blacksberg, Jordana
name: Dickie, Matthew R.
name: Nikzad, Shouleh
name: Martin, Christopher D.
name: Schiminovich, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the development of coatings for a CCD detector optimized for use in a fixed dispersion UV spectrograph. Due to the rapidly changing index of refraction of Si, single layer broadband anti-reflection coatings are not suitable to increase quantum efficiency at all wavelengths of interest. Instead, we describe a creative solution that provides excellent performance over UV wavelengths. We describe progress in the development of a CCD detector with theoretical quantum efficiencies (QE) of greater than 60% at wavelengths from 120 to 300nm. This high efficiency may be reached by coating a backside illuminated, thinned, delta-doped CCD with a series of thin film anti-reflection coatings. The materials tested include MgF2 (optimized for highest performance from 120-150nm), SiO2 (150-180nm), Al2O3(180-240nm), MgO (200-250nm), and HfO2 (240-300nm). A variety of deposition techniques were tested and a selection of coatings which minimized reflectance on a Si test wafer were applied to live devices. We also discuss future uses and improvements, including graded and multi-layer coatings.
description: 8 pages, 15 Figures. The following article has been submitted to Applied Optics. After it is published, it will be found at http://www.opticsinfobase.org/ao/upcoming.cfm
Non-Destructive Discrimination of arbitrary set of orthogonal quantum states by NMR using Quantum Phase Estimation
Creators: name: Manu, V S
name: Kumar, Anil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An algorithm based on quantum phase estimation, which discriminates quantum states nondestructively within a set of arbitrary orthogonal states, is described and experimentally verified by a NMR quantum information processor. The procedure is scalable and can be applied to any set of orthogonal states. Scalability is demonstrated through Matlab simulation.
CRBLASTER: A Parallel-Processing Computational Framework for Embarrassingly-Parallel Image-Analysis Algorithms
Creators: name: Mighell, Kenneth John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The development of parallel-processing image-analysis codes is generally a challenging task that requires complicated choreography of interprocessor communications. If, however, the image-analysis algorithm is embarrassingly parallel, then the development of a parallel-processing implementation of that algorithm can be a much easier task to accomplish because, by definition, there is little need for communication between the compute processes. I describe the design, implementation, and performance of a parallel-processing image-analysis application, called CRBLASTER, which does cosmic-ray rejection of CCD (charge-coupled device) images using the embarrassingly-parallel L.A.COSMIC algorithm. CRBLASTER is written in C using the high-performance computing industry standard Message Passing Interface (MPI) library. The code has been designed to be used by research scientists who are familiar with C as a parallel-processing computational framework that enables the easy development of parallel-processing image-analysis programs based on embarrassingly-parallel algorithms. The CRBLASTER source code is freely available at the official application website at the National Optical Astronomy Observatory. Removing cosmic rays from a single 800x800 pixel Hubble Space Telescope WFPC2 image takes 44 seconds with the IRAF script lacos_im.cl running on a single core of an Apple Mac Pro computer with two 2.8-GHz quad-core Intel Xeon processors. CRBLASTER is 7.4 times faster processing the same image on a single core on the same machine. Processing the same image with CRBLASTER simultaneously on all 8 cores of the same machine takes 0.875 seconds -- which is a speedup factor of 50.3 times faster than the IRAF script. A detailed analysis is presented of the performance of CRBLASTER using between 1 and 57 processors on a low-power Tilera 700-MHz 64-core TILE64 processor.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in PASP
Freedom from the fortress : the role of human rights in marine conservation
Creators: name: Singleton, Rebecca Louise
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Globally, marine resources are in decline, and urgent action is required. However, conservation measures must account for the needs of small-scale fishers, who depend on the sea for food and employment, or else be beset by conflict, resistance and international censure. Yet, attempts by international environmental NGOs (“ENGOs”) to provide conservation and development benefits simultaneously have had limited success. As the Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries (“SSF-Guidelines”) shine a spotlight on small-scale fishers’ human rights, I explore the role of human rights in improving outcomes of marine conservation for fishers and fish. To date, high-level commitments to human rights by ENGOs have made little real difference to their work. To address this, I define the elements of a human rights-based approach to marine conservation, including practical guidelines for implementation by ENGOs. I then review the economic basis for the approach, distinguishing it from the more familiar property rights-based fisheries management. I describe how the two approaches may complement each other, by reducing the vulnerability and discount rates of many small-scale fishers whilst limiting profit-seeking, non-cooperative behaviour. I also contribute empirical evidence on the relationship between human rights and conservation/ development outcomes by evaluating the initiatives of an ENGO, Blue Ventures, in south-west Madagascar. I show that respect for and fulfilment of select human rights can enhance ENGO-community relations and improve socioeconomic conditions, but also increase fishing pressure in the short term. To reduce vulnerability and enhance resource stewardship, a comprehensive and systematic human rights-based approach is required. Attention to overriding principles, especially equality, highlights how schemes to incentivize conservation could be more effective if ENGOs were proactive in protecting small-scale fishers’ human rights against powerful corporate and state interests. This thesis begins to address the critical need for evidence to determine if, and how, realisation of human rights can enable sustainable small-scale fisheries. In doing so, it describes a role for ENGOs in implementing the SSF-Guidelines. By critically evaluating their own impact on small-scale fishers’ human rights, and influencing other key players to do the same, they can advance marine conservation that is genuinely supportive of small-scale fishers.
A system and methodologies for absolute QE measurements from the vacuum ultraviolet through the NIR
Creators: name: Jacquot, Blake C.
name: Monacos, Steve P.
name: Hoenk, Michael E.
name: Greer, Frank
name: Jones, Todd J.
name: Nikzad, Shouleh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present our system design and methodology for making absolute quantum efficiency (QE) measurements through the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) and verify the system with delta-doped silicon CCDs. Delta-doped detectors provide an excellent platform to validate measurements through the VUV due to their enhanced UV response. The requirements for measuring QE through the VUV are more strenuous than measurements in the near UV and necessitate, among other things, the use of a vacuum monochromator, good dewar chamber vacuum to prevent on-chip condensation, and more stringent handling requirements.
description: The following article has been submitted to/accepted by the Review of Scientific Instruments. After it is published, it will be found at http://rsi.aip.org/
UHE neutrinos: higher twists, scales, saturation
Creators: name: Fiore, R.
name: Zoller, V. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that in the ultra-high energy neutrino interactions the higher twist corrections brought about by the non-conservation of the top-bottom current dramatically change the longitudinal structure function, $F_L$. To the Double Leading Log Approximation simple and numerically accurate formulas for $F_L$ and $σ^{νN}$ are derived.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, Talk given at Diffraction 2010, Otranto (Lecce), Italy, September 10-15, 2010
Bursa-Derived Cells Show a Distinct Mechano-Response to Physiological and Pathological Loading in vitro
Creators: name: Klatte-Schulz, Franka
name: Bormann, Nicole
name: Voss, Isabel
name: Melzer, Josephine
name: Schmock, Aysha
name: Bucher, Christian H.
name: Thiele, Kathi
name: Moroder, Philipp
name: Haffner-Luntzer, Melanie
name: Ignatius, Anita
name: Duda, Georg N.
name: Wildemann, Britt
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: subacromial bursa
subject: bursa-derived cells
subject: mechanical stimulation
subject: mechano-transduction
subject: matrix remodeling
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: The mechano-response of highly loaded tissues such as bones or tendons is well investigated, but knowledge regarding the mechano-responsiveness of adjacent tissues such as the subacromial bursa is missing. For a better understanding of the physiological role of the bursa as a friction-reducing structure in the joint, the study aimed to analyze whether and how bursa-derived cells respond to physiological and pathological mechanical loading. This might help to overcome some of the controversies in the field regarding the role of the bursa in the development and healing of shoulder pathologies. Cells of six donors seeded on collagen-coated silicon dishes were stimulated over 3 days for 1 or 4 h with 1, 5, or 10% strain. Orientation of the actin cytoskeleton, YAP nuclear translocation, and activation of non-muscle myosin II (NMM-II) were evaluated for 4 h stimulations to get a deeper insight into mechano-transduction processes. To investigate the potential of bursa-derived cells to adapt their matrix formation and remodeling according to mechanical loading, outcome measures included cell viability, gene expression of extracellular matrix and remodeling markers, and protein secretions. The orientation angle of the actin cytoskeleton increased toward a more perpendicular direction with increased loading and lowest variations for the 5% loading group. With 10% tension load, cells were visibly stressed, indicated by loss in actin density and slightly reduced cell viability. A significantly increased YAP nuclear translocation occurred for the 1% loading group with a similar trend for the 5% group. NMM-II activation was weak for all stimulation conditions. On the gene expression level, only the expression of TIMP2 was down-regulated in the 1 h group compared to control. On the protein level, collagen type I and MMP2 increased with higher/longer straining, respectively, whereas TIMP1 secretion was reduced, resulting in an MMP/TIMP imbalance. In conclusion, this study documents for the first time a clear mechano-responsiveness in bursa-derived cells with activation of mechano-transduction pathways and thus hint to a physiological function of mechanical loading in bursa-derived cells. This study represents the basis for further investigations, which might lead to improved treatment options of subacromial bursa-related pathologies in the future.
Ab initio coupled-cluster approach to nuclear structure with modern nucleon-nucleon interactions
Creators: name: Hagen, G.
name: Papenbrock, T.
name: Dean, D. J.
name: Hjorth-Jensen, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform coupled-cluster calculations for the doubly magic nuclei 4He, 16O, 40Ca and 48Ca, for neutron-rich isotopes of oxygen and fluorine, and employ "bare" and secondary renormalized nucleon-nucleon interactions. For the nucleon-nucleon interaction from chiral effective field theory at order next-to-next-to-next-to leading order, we find that the coupled-cluster approximation including triples corrections binds nuclei within 0.4 MeV per nucleon compared to data. We employ interactions from a resolution-scale dependent similarity renormalization group transformations and assess the validity of power counting estimates in medium-mass nuclei. We find that the missing contributions due to three-nucleon forces are consistent with these estimates. For the unitary correlator model potential, we find a slow convergence with respect to increasing the size of the model space. For the G-matrix approach, we find a weak dependence of ground-state energies on the starting energy combined with a rather slow convergence with respect to increasing model spaces. We also analyze the center-of-mass problem and present a practical and efficient solution.
description: 24 pages, 35 figures
Wireless portable microfluidic biosensor systems for real-time clinical monitoring
Creators: name: Samper, Isabelle
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: This thesis describes the development of wireless portable microfluidic biosensor systems for real-time monitoring of clinical microdialysate streams. Zigbee and Bluetooth wireless potentiostats for controlling amperometric biosensors are designed and implemented on miniaturised battery-powered printed circuit boards (PCBs). The Zigbee and the Bluetooth potentiostats are coupled with a Python and an Android app, respectively, enabling real-time data recording and plotting. The potentiostats are validated with glucose and lactate biosensors. A robust 3D printed microfluidic chip enabling the detection of high-temporal resolution chemical changes in a dialysate stream is developed. The device consists of a microfluidic channel with secure low-volume connections that integrates needle-based biosensors. Optimisation of fabrication of the microfluidic channel and the resulting improvement in sensor response time made it possible to resolve transient metabolite concentration changes as short as 8 s. A glutamate biosensor that integrates into the high-time resolution microfluidic chip is developed. It is based on a combined needle electrode, coated with a hydrogel layer containing glutamate oxidase. Optimisation of the biosensor fabrication and the resulting improvement in biosensor selectivity, sensitivity and stability are shown. Typical results are a glutamate sensitivity of 1 pA/μM, a detection limit of 0.25 μM and a life-time of 50 hours in continuous operation. An android app for the wireless control of LabSmith microfluidic instruments is developed, enabling in-flow biosensor calibration in a portable setup. The novel wireless microfluidic biosensor systems are validated for the online monitoring of (i) traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients in the intensive care unit and (ii) transplant porcine kidneys from retrieval to reperfusion, including during transportation and during various preconditioning stages. A pathophysiological dynamic glutamate change in the human brain is reported.
Geodesics in the space of Kähler metrics
Creators: name: Lempert, László
name: Vivas, Liz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32Q15, 32W20

description: Let (X,ω) be a compact Kähler manifold. As discovered in the late 1980s by Mabuchi, the set H_0 of Kähler forms cohomologous to ωhas the natural structure of an infinite dimensional Riemannian manifold. We address the question whether any two points in H_0 can be connected by a smooth geodesic, and show that the answer, in general, is "no".
title: Eglise Saint-Jean d'Abbetot 8, tambour 2
Creators: name: CEPAO
name: Delamare, Ségolène
name: Trajectoires UMR 8215
Publisher: name: Archeovision
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: archéologie du bâti
subject: photogrammétrie
subject: Archéologie médiévale
subject: Histoire de l'art médiéval
subject: Numérisation 3D

description: Eglise romane
description: 13 fichiers 3D (ply), 1300 fichiers image (jpg), 609 fichiers unknown (CR2)
Steroid signalling via nuclear hormone receptors
Creators: name: Fernandes Freitas, Isabel
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: Hormone-sensing in the brain is essential for reproduction and consequent survival of species. In females, estrogen must exert simultaneous positive- and negative-feedback on the anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV) and the arcuate Nucleus (ARC) of the hypothalamus, respectively, to maintain fertility. However, even though the positive effects of estrogen in the hypothalamus have been extensively investigated, the mechanistic basis for the opposing feedback of estrogen in the arcuate nucleus has, for decades, remained elusive. In order to understand what is driving the differential effects of estrogen in the ARC and AVPV, we analysed and compared the expression of estrogen target genes and coregulatory proteins in these two female hypothalamic nuclei under basal and estrogen treated conditions. We found that the arcuate nucleus and anteroventral periventricular nucleus respond differently to estrogen. And that, the nuclear receptor Dax1, which acts as a region-specific ligand-dependant repressor of estrogen-receptor (ERα) activity, is, by far, the most enriched gene in the arcuate nucleus. Here, we show for the first time that the negative-feedback in the ARC is mediated by the nuclear receptor Dax1. It couples gonadotropin release to the developmental stage of the oocyte, and mice lacking this mechanism have abnormal estrogen-stimulated gonadotropin secretion and fail to cycle normally. As such, the interaction between Dax1 and ERα in the female hypothalamus explains the paradoxical observation of estrogen negative-feedback, and is shown here to be essential for normal fertility. Further to this, we show that the C57BL/6J background is highly sensitive to male-to-female sex-reversal in the absence of the nuclear receptor Dax1, and that a minority of sex-reversed XY (Dax1-/Y) mice have markers of fertility and can produce live offspring without any assisted fertility treatment. As such, our observations in sex-reversed XY (Dax1-/Y) mice support the notion that XY sex-reversal is not formally incompatible with reproduction. However, our data also suggest that the inter-individual milieu of mechanical and development complications caused by the presence of the Y-chromosome makes successful reproduction highly unlikely.
Frequency-tunable metamaterials using broadside-coupled split ring resonators
Creators: name: Ekmekci, Evren
name: Strikwerda, Andrew C.
name: Fan, Kebin
name: Zhang, Xin
name: Turhan-Sayan, Gonul
name: Averitt, Richard D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present frequency tunable metamaterial designs at terahertz (THz) frequencies using broadside-coupled split ring resonator (BC-SRR) arrays. Frequency tuning, arising from changes in near field coupling, is obtained by in-plane horizontal or vertical displacements of the two SRR layers. For electrical excitation, the resonance frequency continuously redshifts as a function of displacement. The maximum frequency shift occurs for displacement of half a unit cell, with vertical displacement resulting in a shift of 663 GHz (51% of f0) and horizontal displacement yielding a shift of 270 GHz (20% of f0). We also discuss the significant differences in tuning that arise for electrical excitation in comparison to magnetic excitation of BC-SRRs.
Investigating meiotic chromosome structure during meiotic prophase in C. elegans
Creators: name: Jaso Tamame, Angel Luis
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: Meiosis is the specialised cell division program that allows the formation of haploid gametes from diploid germ cells, playing an essential role in the life cycle of sexuallyreproducing organisms. Meiosis involves dramatic changes in chromosome structure during the long prophase that precedes the first meiotic division. At the onset of meiosis axial elements (AE) containing cohesin, the complex that provides sister chromatid cohesion (SCC), are established along each chromosome. Following AE assembly, homologous chromosomes pair with one another and crossover (CO) recombination events are formed between them. COs, together with SCC, provide the basis of chiasmata: temporary physical attachments between homologous chromosomes that ensure their correct orientation on the first meiotic spindle. Therefore, COs play an essential role during meiosis and their number and position appear to be highly regulated. However, the functional interplay between chromosome structure and CO formation and distribution remains poorly understood. In this project, I have combined the experimental advantages of the C. elegans germ line with super resolution microscopy (SRM) techniques to study the structural changes that chromosomes undergo during meiotic prophase. I develop methods to image three-dimensionally intact meiotic nuclei using structural illumination microscopy (SIM) and Imaris image software analysis, making it possible to measure structural features of individual meiotic chromosomes, including CO sites. When combined with the extensive genetic resources available in C. elegans, this method provides a powerful tool to investigate the functional regulation of meiotic chromosome structure by different protein complexes such as cohesin. I also describe that a mutation in MEI-2, a component of the microtubule severing complex katanin, results in altered CO distribution, likely by affecting early steps of meiotic recombination. This finding reveals an unexpected role for katanin during meiotic prophase and suggests that the microtubule network plays an important role in the regulation of CO distribution.
Quantitative quadruplexed single cell c-Jun/ AP-1 analysis and its application in COPD monitoring by a non-invasive means using live cells from sputum
Creators: name: Lu, Shao-Ju
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: In this thesis, I demonstrate the establishment of four c-Jun related assays using microfluidic antibody capture (MAC) chips which are capable of quantifying the copy numbers of total c- Jun, two phosphorylated c-Jun at two specific sites and its active heterodimer complex with single cell sensitivity either in immortalized cancer cell lines or clinical samples of Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). A bimultiplexed c-Jun assay has also been developed, where a total c-Jun assay is multiplexed alongside either a phosphorylated c-Jun assay or a heterodimer assay. The cellular heterogeneity in the correlation between total c-Jun and two phosphorylated forms and c-Jun heterodimer across six cell lines was explored. In addition, in drug perturbation experiments the bimultiplexed c-Jun assay was capable of reflecting the stimulation of pS63-c-Jun/ c-Jun pathway in response to drugs. In addition, the investigation of c-Jun expression heterogeneity with the effect of cell cycle was deciphered using a fluorescent transfection system. The results suggested that cell cycle could be one of the causes of c-Jun and pS63-c-Jun expression variation. I demonstrate that the bimultiplexed c-Jun assay can be applied to clinical samples either from excised lung tissue or induced sputum for COPD monitoring. The readouts from the assay are independently capable of distinguishing epithelial cells extracted from the lungs of patients diagnosed with COPD, from those from healthy patients. Moreover, I show that the minimum number of cells required to independently achieve a 99% confidence in diagnosis of COPD with each of these markers is 1 for total c-Jun and 2 for phospho c-Jun. Lastly, I describe the establishment of an integrated c-Jun assay in a quadruplexed format which provides four c-Jun related readouts simultaneously. The proof-of-concept experiments using this quadruplexed c-Jun assays may provide a detailed insight in c-Jun single-cell signaling and cellular heterogeneity.
Echinostelium minutum de Bary 1874
Creators: name: Treviño-Zevallos, Italo
name: García-Cunchillos, Iván
name: Basanta, Diana Wrigley De
name: Lado, Carlos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Protozoa
Mycetozoa
Myxomycetes
Echinosteliales
Echinosteliaceae
Echinostelium
Echinostelium minutum

description: 79. Echinostelium minutum de Bary, in Rostafinski, Sluzowce monogr. 215 (1874)
 Specimen examined. PERU. Ancash: Huari, Huari, Huamparan, 10 km north of town by route PE-14C, 3996 m, 9°12′40”S, 77°12′14”W, 12 May 2018, debris and rhytidome of Polylepis sp. (mc, 3 Jan 2020, pH 4.39), Treviño Myx 651 (MA-Fungi 97931, HSP).
 Notes. Four species of the genus Echinostelium are known to occur in Peru: E. apitectum K.D. Whitney, E. arboreum H.W. Keller & T.E. Brooks, E. colliculosum K.D. Whitney & H.W. Keller, and E. minutum. Echinostelium minutum differs from E. apitectum and E. colliculosum by developing a capillitium, absent in the latter, and from E. arboreum by the persistent peridium, fugacious in E. minutum (Whithney, 1980). Detection of Echinostelium species requires moist chamber cultures due to their tiny size and ephemeral nature. This corticolous species produces fruiting bodies in a few days, usually on tree bark, forming large colonies yet imperceptible to the naked eye. In the studied area, the species produced fruiting bodies in moist chamber cultures of the rhytidome (foliose bark) of Polylepis trees.
description: Published as part of Treviño-Zevallos, Italo, García-Cunchillos, Iván, Basanta, Diana Wrigley De & Lado, Carlos, 2023, Diversity of Myxomycetes from Peru Part III: The high Andes and the altiplano, pp. 1-92 in Phytotaxa 624 (1) on page 46, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.624.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10150721