cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
An ALMA survey of submillimetre galaxies in the Extended Chandra Deep Field South: radio properties and the far-infrared/radio correlation
Creators: name: Thomson, A. P.
name: Ivison, R. J.
name: Simpson, J. M.
name: Swinbank, A. M.
name: Smail, Ian
name: Arumugam, V.
name: Alexander, D. M.
name: Beelen, A.
name: Brandt, W. N.
name: Chandra, I.
name: Dannerbauer, H.
name: Greve, T. R.
name: Hodge, J. A.
name: Ibar, E.
name: Karim, A.
name: Murphy, E. J.
name: Schinnerer, E.
name: Sirothia, S.
name: Walter, F.
name: Wardlow, J. L.
name: van der Werf, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the radio properties of 870$μ$m-selected submillimetre galaxies (SMGs), observed at high resolution with ALMA in the Extended Chandra Deep Field South. From our initial sample of 76 ALMA SMGs, we detect 52 SMGs at $>3σ$ significance in VLA 1400MHz imaging, of which 35 are also detected at $>3σ$ in new 610MHz GMRT imaging. Within this sample of radio-detected SMGs, we measure a median radio spectral index $α_{610}^{1400} = -0.79 \pm 0.06$, (with inter-quartile range $α=[-1.16,-0.56]$) and investigate the far-infrared/radio correlation via the parameter $q_{\rm IR}$, the logarithmic ratio of the rest-frame 8-1000$μ$m flux and monochromatic radio flux. Our median $q_{\rm IR} = 2.56 \pm 0.05$ (inter-quartile range $q_{\rm IR}=[2.42,2.78]$) is higher than that typically seen in single-dish 870$μ$m-selected sources ($q_{\rm IR} \sim 2.4$), which may reflect the fact that our ALMA-based study is not biased to radio-bright counterparts, as previous samples were. Finally, we search for evidence that $q_{\rm IR}$ and $α$ evolve with age in a co-dependent manner, as predicted by starburst models: the data populate the predicted region of parameter space, with the stellar mass tending to increase along tracks of $q_{\rm IR}$ versus $α$ in the direction expected, providing the first observational evidence in support of these models.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, 3 colour figures, Accepted by MNRAS
title: Подгонка удельного сопротивления плёнок с помощью ионного травления
Creators: name: Стуколкин, К.
name: Метелкин, Д.
name: Фёдоров, Д.
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2020

description: У сформированных тонких плёнок нихрома были измерены параметры, такие как температурный коэффициент сопротивления, удельное сопротивление и толщина плёнки. Методом атомно-силовой микроскопии (АСМ) было рассмотрено влияние ионного травления на морфологию поверхности плёнок NiCr. Построена зависимость удельного сопротивления от времени ионного травления в заданном режиме. Внедрён метод подгонки резисторов в маршрут изготовления приборов электронной техники.
Protest of a Low Fee Proposal -- NSPE Case No. 80-1
Publisher: name: Online Ethics Center
Year: 2006
Subjects: Public Health and Safety
Safety
Bidding Process

description: This is a historical case reviewed by the NSPE Board of Ethical Review in 1980. Three competing firms submit price proposals with significant price differences. The lowest price proposal is challenged on the grounds that competent engineering services could not be provided within this budget.
Nicolas sous cet ombrage
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2024

Abstract
PATRIMONI IN RETE TRA SPAZIO ANALOGICO E SPAZIO DIGITALE
Creators: name: Bellomo, Mariangela
name: Falotico, Antonella
Publisher: name: BDC. Bollettino Del Centro Calza Bini
Year: 2019

description: Il contributo indaga una possibile modalità per riportare in vita i piccoli centri in abbandono a partire da esperienze di consulenza scientifica che un gruppo multidisciplinare dell’Università di Napoli Federico II sperimenta da alcuni anni. Lo studio fa riferimento ad alcuni termini chiave - ambiente, connessione, rete - rivisitati alla luce della cultura digitale per sperimentare azioni di rigenerazione in cui le specificità locali sono rapportate a dinamiche globali. Il processo che ha dato significato alle azioni è stato costruito su modelli collaborativi e area based, in cui network di organizzazioni, pubbliche e private, hanno agito insieme per sviluppare processi in cui la produzione di ‘valore’ è il risultato di una efficace combinazione di risorse locali e territoriali, interne ed esterne. La rete in tal senso costituisce l’elemento capace di direzionare le trasformazioni e di stabilire una connessione tra spazio analogico e spazio digitale. Parole chiave: cultura digitale, design collaborativo, processo adattivo
description: BDC. Bollettino Del Centro Calza Bini, V. 19 N. 2 (2019): New Green Deal: Towards Ecological and Human-centered Urban Development Strategies
title: Association between First Trimester Pregnancy Associated Plasma Protein–A and the Development of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Creators: name: Sert, Aylin
name: Leung, Katherine
name: Waring, Molly E.
name: Rojas-Rodriguez, Raziel
name: Corvera, Silvia
name: Moore Simas, Tiffany A.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2016

description: Background: Gestational diabetes (GDM) is a common pregnancy complication with significant cardiometabolic consequences for mothers and offspring. Previous research from our group suggests that adipose tissue IGFBP-5 and its unique metalloprotease PAPP-A (Pregnancy Associated Plasma Protein-A) may play mechanistic roles in GDM development by regulating functional IGF-1 levels and lipid storage and metabolism.

Aim: To examine the relationship between circulating PAPP-A levels and GDM development. We hypothesized that high first trimester PAPP-A levels would be associated with decreased GDM risk.

Methods: A retrospective cohort of women delivering singleton gestations at UMass Memorial Healthcare (2009, 2010, 2014, 2015) was assembled by abstracting electronic medical records. PAPP-A was measured in first trimester (11-14 weeks), and reported as quartiles of multiples of the mean (MoM) based on gestational age and adjusted for maternal weight and race/ethnicity. GDM diagnosis based on standard 2-step protocol (~24-28 weeks; failed 50g 1hr glucola screen then ≥2 abnormal values per Carpenter-Coustan criteria on 100g 3hr glucose tolerance test). Crude and multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models estimated the association between PAPP-A MoM quartiles and GDM.

Results: Women (N=1,251) were 29.7 (SD:5.7) years old and 12.5 (SD:0.6) weeks gestation at PAPP-A measurement. 7.6% (n=95) developed GDM. Median PAPP-A MoM were 0.7 (inter-quartile range [IQR]=0.5-1.0) among women with GDM and 0.9 (IQR=0.6-1.3) among controls; 39% versus 23% were in the 1st quartile, respectively. After adjusting for pre-pregnancy body mass index, nuchal translucency, crown rump length, smoking status, and parity, women with PAPP-A MoM in 2nd, 3rd, and 4th quartiles had 52% (OR=0.48, 95%CI=0.26-0.88), 45% (OR=0.55, 95%CI=0.30-0.99) and 73% (OR=0.27, 95%CI=0.13-0.53) lower odds of GDM compared to women in the 1st quartile.

Conclusion: Higher PAPP-A MoM levels were associated with lower GDM risk. Future studies will assess whether higher PAPP-A levels are associated with enhanced IGF-1 signaling and improved pregnancy metabolic homeostasis.
Whistleblowing -- NSPE Case No. 82-5
Publisher: name: Online Ethics Center
Year: 2006
Subjects: Whistleblowing
Employer/Employee Relationships
Research and Practice

description: This is a historical case reviewed by the NSPE Board of Ethical Review in 1982. An engineer who is employed by a government contractor objects to a subcontractor's poor performance and is ignored and silenced by management.
title: Structural and Molecular Analysis of a Protective Epitope of Lyme Disease Antigen OspA and Antibody Interactions
Creators: name: Shandilya, Shivender
name: Kurt Yilmaz, Nese
name: Monir, Ejemel
name: Sadowski, Andrew
name: Thomas, William D.
name: Klempner, Mark S.
name: Schiffer, Celia A.
name: Wang, Yan
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2016

description: The murine monoclonal antibody LA-2 recognizes a clinically protective epitope on outer surface protein (OspA) of Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme disease in North America. Human antibody equivalence to LA-2 is the best serologic correlate of protective antibody responses following OspA vaccination. Understanding the structural and functional basis of the LA-2 protective epitope is important for developing OspA-based vaccines and discovering prophylactic antibodies against Lyme disease.

Here, we present a detailed structure-based analysis of the LA-2/OspA interaction interface and identification of residues mediating antibody recognition. Mutations were introduced into both OspA and LA-2 based on computational predictions on the crystal structure of the complex, and experimentally tested for in-vitro binding and borreliacidal activity. We find that Y32 and H49 on the LA-2 light chain, N52 on the LA-2 heavy chain and residues A208, N228 and N251 on OspA were the key constituents of OspA/LA-2 interface. These results reveal specific residues that may be exploited to modulate recognition of the protective epitope of OspA and have implications for design of vaccines against Lyme disease.
Direct search for heavy gauge bosons at the LHC in the nonuniversal SU(2) model
Creators: name: Kim, Yeong Gyun
name: Lee, Kang Young
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the phenomenology of heavy gauge bosons at the LHC in a nonuniversal gauge interaction model with the separate electroweak SU(2) gauge group for the third generation. Considered are the Drell-Yan processes into the final states of dilepton, dijet, $τ^- τ^+$, and $t \bar{t}$ for $Z'$ boson and those of lepton-neutrino for $W'$ boson. We find that the present LHC data provides lower bounds on the masses of the heavy gauge bosons, $m_{Z'},~m_{W'} > 2$ TeV, more stringent than indirect bounds, when $\sin^2 ϕ> 0.15$ for the mixing angle of two SU(2) gauge groups.We also note that the study of heavy resonances into the third generation fermions may provide some valuable information in the future.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
STORIA DELLE PENDICI DELLA RUPE DI PIZZOFALCONE: ADATTAMENTO E IDENTITA’ PER UNA RIGENERAZIONE URBANA
Creators: name: Como, Maria Teresa
Publisher: name: BDC. Bollettino Del Centro Calza Bini
Year: 2019

description: Il saggio, da una prospettiva disciplinare di storia urbana, ricostruisce le vicende delle trasformazioni fisiche e materiali della pendice sud-est del monte Echia in Napoli, o rupe di Pizzofalcone, interna alla città storica, per metterne in risalto gli aspetti morfologici che riguardano la vulnerabilità al rischio e al contempo l’identità del luogo. Criticità dell’assetto dei fronti e complessità del costruire hanno fortemente condizionato forme infrastrutturali e architettoniche, così da assurgere a segni identificativi del luogo. Questa singolarità viene colta come risorsa. Il saggio introduce una ricerca in corso che, nell’intersezione tra storia dell’architettura e geologia, intende fornire per i luoghi in esame una ricostruzione delle opere di contenimento e delle frane storiche per prospettive di rigenerazione capaci di incrociare adattamento alla vulnerabilità geologica e rispetto dell’identità del luogo. Parole chiave: muri di contenimento, adattamento, identità
description: BDC. Bollettino Del Centro Calza Bini, V. 19 N. 2 (2019): New Green Deal: Towards Ecological and Human-centered Urban Development Strategies
Ethical Duty of Employer and Employee -- NSPE Case No. 82-7
Publisher: name: Online Ethics Center
Year: 2006
Subjects: Employer/Employee Relationships
Research and Practice
Workplace Ethics

description: An engineer actively participates in professional and technical societies. This participation accords with the policy of the engineer's employer, but the engineer's immediate supervisor tries to block or prevent some of these activities. This is a historical case reviewed by the NSPE Board of Ethical Review in 1982.
ADAPTIVE REUSE STRATEGIES FOR A REGENERATIVE DESIGN: A MULTI-METHODOLOGICAL DECISION-MAKING PROCESS FOR MONTALBANO JONICO
Creators: name: Cerreta, Maria
name: Falotico, Antonella
name: Poli, Giuliano
name: Grazioli, Giorgia
name: Laviola, Francesca
Publisher: name: Bulletin of the Calza Bini Center
Year: 2019

description: The work presents the results of a multidisciplinary study aimed at responding to the requests of the Administration of Montalbano Jonico, a Municipality of the Metapontino Plain, in Basilicata Region, Southern Italy. The study aims to verify the potential directions of the transformation of the territory, considering the specificities of local resources and their adaptive capability to change and to build tangible and intangible network relationships, including users as an active part in guiding transformations and generating new values. The activation of an adaptive reuse strategy starts from the redevelopment and re-functionalisation of a historic building, the Casino Federici as a component of the complex matrix of the Montalbano Jonico territory and the Metapontino Plain, identifying an operational model that uses regenerative design as an opportunity to co-create possible futures. Keywords: adaptive process, regenerative design, spatial multi-criteria analysis
description: Bulletin of the Calza Bini Center, V. 19 N. 2 (2019): New Green Deal: Towards Ecological and Human-centered Urban Development Strategies
VALUTAZIONE CIRCOLARE DEGLI INTERVENTI DI RIUSO ADATTIVO: IL CASO DELLA CITTA’ DI TORINO
Creators: name: Bottero, Marta
name: Lerda, Mattia
Publisher: name: BDC. Bollettino Del Centro Calza Bini
Year: 2019

description: Durante l’anno 2019, la Global Footprint Network ha dichiarato che il 29 luglio l’uomo ha utilizzato tutte le risorse naturali che la Terra può rigenerare nel corso di un anno. Questo dato mette in evidenza il peso delle nostre attività economiche e produttive sul pianeta e rappresenta una delle conseguenze prodotte dall’economia lineare che si basa sul processo di “prendere, produrre, usare, buttare”. Esiste un paradigma che possa invertire questa rotta? La città e l’architettura possono essere due settori cardine per avviare il cambiamento? Come si può intervenire e come si può valutare? Il presente articolo si propone di analizzare il concetto di economia circolare applicato al contesto urbano e alla progettazione architettonica attraverso la valutazione circolare di interventi di riuso adattivo sul patrimonio industriale dismesso della città di Torino. Parole chiave: economia circolare, valutazione, riuso adattivo
description: BDC. Bollettino Del Centro Calza Bini, V. 19 N. 2 (2019): New Green Deal: Towards Ecological and Human-centered Urban Development Strategies
GENIUS LOCI: THE EVALUATION OF PLACES BETWEEN INSTRUMENTAL AND INTRINSIC VALUES
Creators: name: Fusco Girard, Luigi
name: Vecco, Marilena
Publisher: name: Bulletin of the Calza Bini Center
Year: 2019

description: This paper aims to provide an analysis of cultural heritage, in both its tangible and intangible dimension, as an ecosystem. It discusses the theories of value underlining the need to overcome the traditional assessment approach based on instrumental values and to propose a new avenue to talk and assess cultural heritage, specifically focusing on its genius loci. Clearly, there is the need to take into account intrinsic values as well. How to improve the effectiveness of recovery, restoration and valorization interventions on cultural heritage and landscapes? The lens of ecology is here introduced in planning conservation. A complex notion of value of cultural heritage is proposed, which will imply specific consequences on evaluation processes. We propose such reflection on methods for valuation of cultural heritage and landscapes in an ecosystemic perspective to inform policy making and physical and spatial planning for sustainable management of cultural heritage and landscapes. Keywords: genius loci, instrumental values, intrinsic values
description: Bulletin of the Calza Bini Center, V. 19 N. 2 (2019): New Green Deal: Towards Ecological and Human-centered Urban Development Strategies
Dark-matter halo mergers as a fertile environment for low-mass Population III star formation
Creators: name: Bovino, S.
name: Latif, M. A.
name: Grassi, T.
name: Schleicher, D. R. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While Population III stars are typically thought to be massive, pathways towards lower-mass Pop III stars may exist when the cooling of the gas is particularly enhanced. A possible route is enhanced HD cooling during the merging of dark-matter halos. The mergers can lead to a high ionization degree catalysing the formation of HD molecules and may cool the gas down to the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature. In this paper, we investigate the merging of mini-halos with masses of a few 10$^5$ M$_\odot$ and explore the feasibility of this scenario. We have performed three-dimensional cosmological hydrodynamics calculations with the ENZO code, solving the thermal and chemical evolution of the gas by employing the astrochemistry package KROME. Our results show that the HD abundance is increased by two orders of magnitude compared to the no-merging case and the halo cools down to $\sim$60 K triggering fragmentation. Based on Jeans estimates the expected stellar masses are about 10 M$_\odot$. Our findings show that the merging scenario is a potential pathway for the formation of low-mass stars.
description: Submitted to MNRAS
title: Bioavailability of the Antimalarial Drug Artemisinin Delivered Orally as Dried Leaves of Artemisia annua: the Role of Solubility and Protein.
Creators: name: Desrosiers, Matthew
name: Weathers, Pamela
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2016

description: Malaria treatment using orally consumed dried leaves of the artemisinin producing GRAS plant Artemisia annua has recently shown promise. Previously we showed, oral consumption of A. annua dried leaves (DLA) yielded >40 times more artemisinin in the blood of mice than treatment with pure artemisinin. Using the Caco-2 cell culture model of the human intestinal epithelium, we also showed that compared to pure artemisinin, digested DLA doubled the permeability (Papp). Here, using simulated human digestion, we show that artemisinin solubility is about seven times higher in digestates of DLA than in digestates of pure artemisinin, likely contributing to its enhanced bioavailability. Digestion with pure artemisinin combined with levels of essential oils comparable to that in DLA increased the solubility of artemisinin 2.5 times indicating essential oils play a role in increasing artemisinin solubility. Interestingly, increasing the starting concentration of artemisinin in Caco-2 transport studies did not alter Papp. Considering malaria affects mostly young children and about 60% of the population experiences DLA as unpleasant tasting, we also tested several protein rich foods as potential flavor-masking agents for their effects on bioavailability. We showed that while taste was masked, peanuts and a peanut-based paste used to treat malnutrition, PlumpyNut, reduced artemisinin and flavonoid levels in simulated digestates, respectively, likely decreasing their bioavailability. Experiments to further investigate the role of several compounds such as camphor, a principle component of the essential oil fraction, and flavonoids on artemisinin solubility and bioavailability are ongoing. The results of these experiments are helping to explain the increased bioavailability afforded by DLA seen in mice.
UN APPROCCIO DI RIGENERAZIONE PLACE-BASED PER IL TERRITORIO DEI FARI: IL “MA” DEGLI EDIFICI-LANTERNA
Creators: name: Amico, Selene
name: Cerreta, Maria
name: Galante, Paola
name: Serino, Roberto
Publisher: name: BDC. Bollettino Del Centro Calza Bini
Year: 2019

description: Lo studio del “Territorio dei Fari” permette di rintracciare le opportunità per attivare un percorso place-based di rigenerazione territoriale. L’ipotesi si fonda sulla capacità del “faro” di promuovere processi culturali e socio-economici reinverando quel carattere, storicamente detenuto, di centralità e di riferimento dell’identità del territorio costiero. Si analizzano i fari della Regione Campania, nel Sud Italia, ed attraverso una loro classificazione, si identificano i caratteri peculiari e le opportunità di rigenerazione attraverso una riconfigurazione culturale e turistica degli edifici a partire dal progetto di architettura. Secondo il concetto giapponese di “MA”, attraverso il progetto di architettura si verifica la possibilità di rivitalizzare i Territori dei Fari ed intensificarne il potere attrattivo. L’interpretazione del MA dei fari permette di delineare le fasi di un processo di rigenerazione che integra la logica sistemica, con cui sono posti in relazione territori eterogenei, e riconosce la centralità del progetto di architettura e del processo di valutazione, intesi come strumenti di interpretazione oltre che di valorizzazione di paesaggi fragili. Parole chiave: turismo dei fari, rigenerazione territoriale, valutazioni integrate
description: BDC. Bollettino Del Centro Calza Bini, V. 19 N. 2 (2019): New Green Deal: Towards Ecological and Human-centered Urban Development Strategies
Supplementary material from Stiff skin, soft core: soft backings enhance the conformability and friction of fibre-reinforced adhesives
Creators: name: Glaser, Niels C.
name: Langowski, Julian K. A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 110601 Biomechanics
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 90301 Biomaterials
subject: FOS: Medical engineering
subject: 30402 Biomolecular Modelling and Design
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Biomimetic adhesives with a stiff fibre-reinforced base layer generate strong attachment, even without bioinspired micropatterning of the contact surface. However, current fibre-reinforced adhesive designs are still less versatile with respect to substrate variability than their biological counterparts. In this study, we enhance the comformability of a fibre-reinforced adhesive on curved substrates by adding bioinspired soft backings. We designed and fabricated soft backing variations (polyurethane foams and silicone hydroskeletons) with varying compressive stiffness that mimic the soft viscoelastic structures in the adhesive appendages of tree frogs, geckos and other animals. The backings were mounted on a smooth silicone layer enforced with a polyester mesh, and we experimentally investigated the contact area and friction performance of these adhesives on a curved substrate. The results show that the contact area and friction created by a fibre-reinforced adhesive with a soft backing in contact with a non-flat substrate scale inversely with backing stiffness. The integration of stiff fibre-reinforcement with a compressible backing represents an important step in bringing bioinspired adhesives out of the laboratory and into the real world, for example in soft robotic grippers. Moreover, our findings stimulate further research into the role of soft tissues in biological adhesive systems.
Theoretical seismology in 3D : nonlinear simulations of internal gravity waves in solar-like stars
Creators: name: Alvan, Lucie
name: Brun, Allan Sacha
name: Mathis, Stéphane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Internal gravity waves (hereafter IGWs) are studied for their impact on the angular momentum transport in stellar radiation zones and the information they provide about the structure and dynamics of deep stellar interiors. We here present the first 3D nonlinear numerical simulations of IGWs excitation and propagation in a solar-like star. The aim is to study the behavior of waves in a realistic 3D nonlinear time dependent model of the Sun and to characterize their properties. We compare our results with theoretical and 1D predictions. It allows us to point out the complementarity between theory and simulation and to highlight the convenience but also the limits of the asymptotic and linear theories. We show that a rich spectrum of IGWs is excited by the convection, representing about 0.4% of the total solar luminosity. We study the spatial and temporal properties of this spectrum, the effect of thermal damping and nonlinear interactions between waves. We give quantitative results about the modes frequencies, evolution with time and rotational splitting and we discuss the amplitude of IGWs considering different regimes of parameters. This work points out the importance of high performance simulation for its complementarity with observation and theory. It opens a large field of investigation concerning IGWs propagating nonlinearly in 3D spherical structures. The extension of this work to other types of stars, with different masses, structures and rotation rates will lead to a deeper and more accurate comprehension of IGWs in stars.
description: 27 pages, 29 figures, accepted for publication in A&A (13/03/2014)
title: Microfluidic platforms to study host-microbiome interactions
Creators: name: Sharma, Abhinav
name: Forbes, Neil
name: Lee, Jungwoo
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2016

description: About three-quarters of human body surface is exposed to dense microbial population along the gastro-intestinal tract (GIT) that accommodates around 80% of immune cells. The GIT is one of the most critical sites for metabolic and immunologic homeostasis in the body. While large-scale genomic analysis and germ-free mice have been widely used, they are limited to capture the dynamic functional interaction between host-microbiome in a humanized setting. in-vitro recapitulation of GIT physiology can be a powerful alternative for hypothesis testing in diseases like IBD and cancer.

As a first step, we developed a simple transwell assembly to closely emulate GIT anatomy and the barrier function in a quantitative and analytical manner. The system enables us to sequentially house bacterial cells, a mucus layer, human intestinal epithelial cells and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) in a single co-culture platform. Porcine intestine-derived mucin formed a biophysically relevant barrier and also provided in-vivo like biochemical milieu to bacterial cells. Addition of human epithelial cell monolayer on a collagen coated semi-permeable membrane added another level of cellular and biophysical complexity. Finally, by introducing human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs), we simulated host-microbiome interactions and successfully captured responses relevant to gut inflammation. Initial data indicate that bacterial products successfully stimulate hPBMCs. Whereas, mucus and epithelial barriers demonstrated strong immunomodulatory functions. Further investigations are being carried out in order to create models that will incorporate differentiated epithelial cells (villi), physiologically relevant flow and stress conditions along with co-culture of aerobic (mucosal) and anaerobic (luminal) components of the human GIT. Hopefully, these models will enable us to study mechanistic interactions of the microbiome with the host and reveal novel therapeutic targets for diseases associated with the dysregulation of host-microbiome homeostasis in human GIT.
title: A Pilot Study to Assess the Feasibility, Safety and Acceptability of Soy-based Diet for Pregnant Women at High Risk for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Creators: name: Shi, Ling
name: Iyer, Vidya
name: Jones, Emily
name: Moore Simas, Tiffany A.
name: Lichtenstein, Alice H.
name: Hayman, Laura L.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2016

description: Background: Diet plays an important role in the prevention and management of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Previous studies suggest that soy protein and isoflavones may have beneficial effects on lipid and glucose metabolism. Little is known regarding the cardiometabolic effects of soy intake during pregnancy. This pilot study assessed the feasibility, safety and acceptability of daily consumption of soy foods during pregnancy in women at high risk for GDM, and participant adherence to their assigned treatment.

Methods: A randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted among pregnant women at high risk for GDM. The Soy group were counseled to consume a combination of foods designed to contain ~25 grams of soy protein and 60-75 mg of isoflavones daily from 14 weeks until birth. They were provided with recipes and contents of different soy foods. The Control group maintained their regular diet while minimizing intake of soy containing foods. Assessments, conducted at 14 and 28 weeks of pregnancy, and 6 week postpartum, included physical measurement, questionnaire, and fasting blood samples for lipid, glucose and isoflavone metabolism biomarkers. Monthly follow-up calls were conducted to assess safety and encourage adherence.

Results: Twenty-nine subjects were recruited over a 10 month period. Both Soy and Control groups demonstrated high adherence (80-90%), defined as ≥ 15 days consuming soy foods in the past four weeks for soy group and ≤ 5 days for controls. Only five adverse events were reported possibly associated with soy intake, including nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and itchy mouth. They were all transient and resolved without sequelae.

Conclusion: Although adherence can be challenging in such a trial, this study used a variety of approaches such as recommended recipes, dietician consultation, and monthly follow-up calls to enhance feasibility and compliance. Results indicated feasibility and adherence to treatment assignment, including the soy-based diet intervention.
Using Technical Proposal of Another Without Consent -- NSPE Case No. 83-3
Publisher: name: Online Ethics Center
Year: 2006
Subjects: Intellectual Property and Patents
Plagiarism

description: An engineer submits a proposal to a county council, a member of which makes this proposal available to another engineer developing a proposal for a different county project. The second engineer uses the first engineer's information and data without the first engineer's consent. This is a historical case reviewed by the NSPE Board of Ethical Review in 1983.
title: Sedentary Behavior and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors among Latino Adults
Creators: name: Silfee, Valerie J.
name: Lemon, Stephenie C.
name: Lora, Vilma
name: Rosal, Milagros C.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2016

description: Background: Compared to other racial/ethnic subgroups in the U.S., Latinos experience increased rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and CVD risk factors such as hypertension, inactivity, and diabetes. Sedentary behavior has also been defined as an additional risk factor for CVD, independent of physical activity participation. However, while sedentary behavior has been associated with increased risk for CVD among primarily White samples, previous studies in Latinos have shown mixed results.

Purpose: To explore the relationships between sedentary behavior and CVD risk factors, including BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure, physical activity, dyslipidemia, and diabetes, among a sample of Latino adults.

Methods: Cross-sectional secondary analysis of the Latino Health and Well-Being Study. Latino adults were recruited from the Greater Lawrence Family Health Center (N= 602). Surveys of sedentary behavior and physical activity were verbally administered. Anthropometric measurements included weight, height, waist circumference and blood pressure. Medical record data for diabetes and dyslipidemia were obtained.

Results: This study showed that individuals in older age strata, females, and individuals with a less than high school education were more sedentary than their younger, male, and more educated counter parts. Sedentary behavior was positively associated with BMI (β = .164, p < .001) and waist circumference (β = .162, p < .001). There were no associations between sedentary behavior and blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, or physical activity.

Conclusions: There is growing evidence that sedentary behavior may have its own unique set of metabolic consequences. However, the consequences of sedentary behavior may not be uniform across subgroups. Evaluating the relationship between sedentary behavior and CVD risk is critical in identifying behaviors, like sedentariness, that contribute to the development of CVD.
Engineer's Dispute With Client Over Design -- NSPE Case No. 84-4
Publisher: name: Online Ethics Center
Year: 2006
Subjects: Ethics and Society
Public Health and Safety
Public Well-being
Research and Practice
Safety

description: A client believes an engineer's designs are too costly, but the engineer fears that anything less may endanger the public. This is a historical case reviewed by the NSPE Board of Ethical Review in 1984.
PROCESSI DI RIGENERAZIONE PER LA DECARBONIZZAZIONE DELL’AMBIENTE COSTRUITO. PROGETTUALITA’ IN TRANSIZIONE: PARMA, CAPITALE ITALIANA DELLA CULTURA 2020
Creators: name: Pinto, Maria Rita
name: Viola, Serena
Publisher: name: BDC. Bollettino Del Centro Calza Bini
Year: 2019

description: Nel quadro degli impegni per la transizione delle città verso un’Economia Circolare, il termine rigenerazione è stato usato con molteplici accezioni, incentrate sui principi di conservazione e trasferimento di risorse alle generazioni future. Le città, sistemi insediativi complessi, dove prendono l’avvio molti processi di innovazione, sono oggi laboratori in cui si sperimenta il rinnovamento della progettualità per la decarbonizzazione e il miglioramento della qualità di vita, dei singoli e delle comunità. L’articolo individua e descrive i processi di rigenerazione urbana portati avanti nella città di Parma a partire da due principi: costruire sul costruito e ridurre il consumo di suolo. Città Creativa Unesco per la Gastronomia nel 2015, Capitale Italiana per la cultura 2020+21, Parma persegue l’obiettivo di decarbonizzazione dell’ambiente costruito, attraverso esperienze sperimentali ed innovative, condotte con una prospettiva di lungo termine, all’interno di distretti socio- culturali. Keywords: ambiente costruito, natura, cultura, rigenerazione, progettualità.
description: BDC. Bollettino Del Centro Calza Bini, V. 19 N. 2 (2019): New Green Deal: Towards Ecological and Human-centered Urban Development Strategies
title: Can Physician Champions Improve Kangaroo Care? Trends over 5 Years in Rural Western India
Creators: name: Soni, Apurv
name: Amin, Amee
name: Patel, Dipen V.
name: Fahey, Nisha
name: Phatak, Ajay G.
name: Allison, Jeroan
name: Nimbalkar, Somashekhar M.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2016

description: Introduction: In 2013, approximately 2.8 million children worldwide died within the neonatal period. India is at the epicenter of this tragedy, accounting for one-third of all neonatal mortalities. Prematurity and/or with low birth weight are the leading cause of neonatal mortality and India has the highest number of neonates born preterm and weighing less than 2,500 grams worldwide. It is estimated that Kangaroo Care can avert up to 48% of all neonatal deaths among premature babies by 2025. However, the promise of Kangaroo Care as a low-cost, safe, and efficacious intervention to reduce neonatal mortality in India has not been realized due to suboptimal implementation. Physician champions can improve Kangaroo Care implementation, but the magnitude of their impact is unknown.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study of 648 infants identified using clinical data from a NICU located in rural western India. Physicians who led Kangaroo Care training sessions with neonates and coached peer healthcare professionals were considered champions. Two Kangaroo Care champions were on staff full-time from January 2010 through June 2011, part-time from July 2011 through June 2012, and absent thereafter. We examined the effect of the withdrawal of physician champions on overall use using logistic regression, time to initiation using competing risk cox regression, and intensity using linear regression models of the two main components of Kangaroo Care, skin-to-skin care and breastfeeding, separately.

Findings: In comparison to when Kangaroo Care champions were present, their absence was associated with a 45% decrease in the odds of receiving skin-to-skin care (95% CI): 64% to 17%), 38% decrease in the rate of initiation of skin-to-skin care (95% CI: 53% to 82%), and on average, 1.47 less hours of skin-to-skin care (95% CI: -2.07 to -0.86). Breastfeeding practices were similar across different champion environments.

Interpretation: Withdrawal of Kangaroo Care champions from neonatal intensive care unit in rural western India is associated with diminished administration, delayed initiation, and shorter duration of skin-to-skin care, but did not impact breastfeeding practices. Training healthcare workers and community stakeholders to become champions could help in scaling up and maintaining Kangaroo Care practices.

Funding: This research was supported by TL1-TR001454 (to A.S.) from National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, and P60-MD006912-05 (to J.A.) from National Institute on Minority Health and Disparities. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH.
DISMISSIONE E RIUSO DEGLI SPAZI DEL SACRO
Creators: name: Giammetti, Mariateresa
Publisher: name: BDC. Bollettino Del Centro Calza Bini
Year: 2019

description: Il fatto che molte chiese, fino a pochi anni fa necessarie, ora non lo siano più apre una riflessione importante sulla trasformazione del sacro nella società contemporanea e lancia sfide future per una diversa interpretazione del patrimonio immobiliare della Chiesa e dei suoi beni culturali. L’antropologia e la topologia del sacro mettono in evidenza come i beni culturali religiosi appartengo non più solo alla collettività dei credenti, ma alla storia delle popolazioni, alla loro cultura. Ridefinire il concetto di appartenenza dei beni culturali religiosi può essere uno strumento utile per vigilare sui criteri della transizione da un modello classico di “spazio del sacro” ad un nuovo modello ibrido di “spazio santo” che salvaguardi la dignità dell’uomo. A partire da questo background teoretico, l’articolo prova a tracciare alcuni criteri che potranno essere di supporto ai processi di transizione verso la riconversione/dismissione del patrimonio culturale religioso. Parole chiave: riconversione/dismissione, spazio sacro/spazio santo, criteri per la transizione
description: BDC. Bollettino Del Centro Calza Bini, V. 19 N. 2 (2019): New Green Deal: Towards Ecological and Human-centered Urban Development Strategies
title: Interrogating Plant Cell Culture Library for Novel Antimicrobial Agents
Creators: name: Solitro, John
name: Zhang, Yong
name: Bartolo, Vanessa
name: Popchuk, Alexander
name: Savinov, Sergey
name: Ma, Lin-Jun
name: Normanly, Jennifer
name: Seidler, Tristram
name: Vierling, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2016

description: The Plant Cell Culture Library (PCCL) at UMass Amherst contains more than 2,200 live plant cell cultures, representing diverse plant species from around the world. The availability of this collection offers a rich resource for us to discover bioactive phytochemicals and uncover their mechanisms of action. Using data-mining surveys of bioactive plant extracts, I have organized subsets of PCCL cell lines that are likely to possess antifungal, antibacterial, antiviral, anthelmintic, anti-trypanosomal, or anticancer properties, which prove to be useful when deciding which species to screen first against a specific pathogen. Another distinct advantage of using the live plant cells in this research is the ability to stimulate the biosynthesis of pathogen-specific phytochemicals upon simulation of an attack (elicitation) by the microorganism in question. This could be accomplished by pathogen homogenates or plant hormones responsible for mounting defenses to infection.

Over the past six months, I have been working to optimize elicitation, lysis, and extraction conditions for obtaining high-throughput screening materials to be used against variable pathogens. Equipped with crude extracts from appropriately elicited cells, I am collaborating with a multidisciplinary team of UMass scientists to develop and implement high-throughput screening protocols for profiling a large number of plant-derived materials against various pathogens. Recently, I have screened a small pool (40) of extracts derived from cell lines with predicted anti-fungal properties against the highly resistant strain of fungus Fusarium oxysporum, one of the causal agents of an opportunistic infection often seen in immunocompromised patients known as fusariosis. Gratifyingly, I have found several plant species that produced specialized metabolites with better antifungal activity than the leading antibiotic against F. oxysporum, Amphotericin B, validating this line of antimicrobial research. We are also actively reaching out to other academic labs partners to form partnerships in diverse antimicrobial research venues.
Into the Amplituhedron
Creators: name: Arkani-Hamed, Nima
name: Trnka, Jaroslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We initiate an exploration of the physics and geometry of the amplituhedron, starting with the simplest case of the integrand for four-particle scattering in planar N=4 SYM. We show how the textbook structure of the unitarity double-cut follows from the positive geometry. We also use the geometry to expose the behavior of the multicollinear limit, providing a direct motivation for studying the logarithm of the amplitude. In addition to computing the two and three-loop integrands, we explore various lower-dimensional faces of the amplituhedron, thereby computing non-trivial cuts of the integrand to all loop orders.
description: 34 pages, 23 figures
A high precision chemical abundance analysis of the HAT-P-1 stellar binary: constraints on planet formation
Creators: name: Liu, F.
name: Asplund, M.
name: Ramirez, I.
name: Yong, D.
name: Melendez, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a high-precision, differential elemental abundance analysis of the HAT-P-1 stellar binary based on high-resolution, high signal-to-noise ratio Keck/HIRES spectra. The secondary star in this double system is known to host a transiting giant planet while no planets have yet been detected around the primary star. The derived metallicities ([Fe/H]) of the primary and secondary stars are identical within the errors: $0.146 \pm 0.014$ dex ($σ$ = 0.033 dex) and $0.155 \pm 0.007$ dex ($σ$ = 0.023 dex), respectively. Extremely precise differential abundance ratios of 23 elements have been measured (mean error of $σ$([X/Fe]) = 0.013 dex) and are found to be indistinguishable between the two stars: $Δ$[X/Fe] (secondary - primary) = $+0.001 \pm 0.006$ dex ($σ$ = 0.008 dex). The striking similarity in the chemical composition of the two stellar components in HAT-P-1 is contrary to the possible 0.04 dex level difference seen in 16 Cyg A+B, which also hosts a giant planet, at least 3 times more massive than the one around HAT-P-1 secondary star. We conclude that the presence of giant planets does not necessarily imply differences in the chemical compositions of the host stars. The elemental abundances of each star in HAT-P-1 relative to the Sun show an identical, positive correlation with the condensation temperature of the elements; their abundance patterns are thus very similar to those observed in the majority of solar twins. In view of the Melendez et al. (2009)'s interpretation of the peculiar solar abundance pattern, we conclude that HAT-P-1 experienced less efficient formation of terrestrial planets than the Sun. This is in line with the expectation that the presence of close-in giant planets preventing the formation or survival of terrestrial planets.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS Letter
PERCORSI DI RIUSO DEL PATRIMONIO RURALE NEL CONTESTO URBANO: IL CASO DELLA CASCINA ROCCAFRANCA A TORINO
Creators: name: Meneghin, Erica
Publisher: name: BDC. Bollettino Del Centro Calza Bini
Year: 2019

description: Il territorio rurale di Torino, che ha rivestito un ruolo economico e politico importante fino al secolo scorso, presenta ancora oggi tracce leggibili attraverso i segni e le permanenze di una struttura rurale consolidatasi tra il Seicento e il Settecento. Questo articolo si propone di approfondire il caso della Cascina Roccafranca, situata nel quartiere di Mirafiori a Torino, analizzando il tema del riuso e del recupero funzionale di immobili e aree in abbandono, attraverso modelli innovativi di finanziamento e di governance, in grado di generare impatti positivi sul piano sociale e ambientale. La Cascina Roccafranca rappresenta un esempio significativo in quanto segue un modello gestionale innovativo, svolge un ruolo di centro di vita sociale e relazionale riconosciuto dalla cittadinanza ed è inserita in un sistema sinergico a scala locale che si occupa della riqualificazione delle periferie. Parole chiave: eredità culturale, patrimonio rurale, rifunzionalizzazione
description: BDC. Bollettino Del Centro Calza Bini, V. 19 N. 2 (2019): New Green Deal: Towards Ecological and Human-centered Urban Development Strategies
title: Reprogramming of mTOR Signaling by Perinatal Exposure to Brominated Flame Retardant
Creators: name: Thorburn, Cassandra
name: Kim, Benjamin
name: Panchenko, Michael
name: Abrha, Aser
name: Khalil, Ahmed
name: Suvorov, Alexander
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2016

description: Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), also known as mechanistic target of rapamycin, is a known metabolic master-switch. In conditions of starvation, mTOR suppresses biosynthetic programs and increases the recycling of proteins and organelles. Upon stimulation by nutrients and growth factors, however, mTOR causes activation of biosynthesis and suppression of autophagy. The mTOR-centered molecular pathway is a major pathway of growth regulation and metabolism, linked to aging and the development of cancer, obesity, type 2 diabetes, neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases. Currently, the role of environmental factors in the modulation of the mTOR pathway remains largely unknown. The present study suggests that perinatal exposure to environmentally-relevant doses of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), a group of ubiquitous flame-retardants, results in long-lasting reprogramming of the mTOR pathway in mouse liver. This reprogramming includes suppression of mTORC1 and mTORC2 activity, accompanied by coordinated up-regulation of protein synthesis machinery and increased concentrations of circulating IGF-1. Further, experiments with MCF-7 breast cancer cells demonstrate that exposure to PBDEs results in fast induction of the REDD1/DDIT4 gene – a potent suppressor of mTORC1. This data indicates that the response of liver tissue to PBDE exposure during this critical developmental window is a dynamic process, and is likely triggered via a REDD1-dependent mechanism, ultimately resulting in long-lasting changes in the metabolic profile of the tissue. This study suggests that environmental exposures to brominated flame retardants may have profound and long-term effects on the central regulation hub of metabolic health, and may be implicated in the pathogenesis of the most relevant diseases of modern society.