cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Olfaktorisches Marketing am POS des Lebensmitteleinzelhandels
title: Bewusst eingesetzte Düfte in der Obst- und Gemüse-Abteilung und dessen Wirkung auf die Kaufentscheidung
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Holler, Katja
Publisher: name: FH CAMPUS 02 (CAMPUS 02 Fachhochschule der Wirtschaft)
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 659 Werbung, Öffentlichkeitsarbeit

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich mit der Thematik des olfaktorischen Marketings. Der Fokus liegt auf der Wirkung von Düften auf die Kaufentscheidung von steirischen Konsument*innen. Durch die besondere Lage im menschlichen Gehirn, in der ein Geruch als Reiz verarbeitet wird, hat ein Duft eine bedeutende Wirkung auf Menschen, die auch bei der Kaufentscheidung eine wichtige Rolle spielt. Die Wirkung des Einflusses von Düften wird in der vorliegenden Arbeit am Beispiel des österreichischen Lebensmitteleinzelhandels, konkret in der Obst und Gemüse Abteilung eines Supermarktes im Rahmen eines Experiments betrachtet. Dabei wird zusätzlich ein Fokus auf die Wirkung eines Duftes auf die Kaufentscheidung von steirischen Konsument*innen bei unterschiedlichen Warengruppen in der Obst und Gemüse Abteilung gelegt. Ebenso befasst sich die vorliegende Arbeit mit der Wirkung von Düften auf die Kaufentscheidung zu unterschiedlichen Tageszeiten und betrachtet die Auswirkungen unterschiedlicher Intensitäten.
description: This paper deals with the topic of olfactory marketing. The focus is on the effect of fragrances on the purchasing decision of Styrian consumers. Due to the special location in the human brain where a smell as a stimulus is processed, a fragrance has a significant effect on people, which also plays an important role in the purchase decision. In this paper, the effect of the influence of fragrances is examined using the example of Austrian food retailing, specifically in the fruit and vegetable department of a supermarket in the context of an experiment. In addition, a focus is placed on the effect of a fragrance on the purchase decision of Styrian consumers for different product groups in the fruit and vegetables department. Similarly, the present work deals with the effect of fragrances on the purchase decision at different times of the day and considers the effects of different intensities.
First AI for deep super-resolution wide-field imaging in radio astronomy: unveiling structure in ESO 137--006
Creators: name: Dabbech, Arwa
name: Terris, Matthieu
name: Jackson, Adrian
name: Ramatsoku, Mpati
name: Smirnov, Oleg M.
name: Wiaux, Yves
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We introduce the first AI-based framework for deep, super-resolution, wide-field radio-interferometric imaging, and demonstrate it on observations of the ESO~137-006 radio galaxy. The algorithmic framework to solve the inverse problem for image reconstruction builds on a recent ``plug-and-play'' scheme whereby a denoising operator is injected as an image regulariser in an optimisation algorithm, which alternates until convergence between denoising steps and gradient-descent data-fidelity steps. We investigate handcrafted and learned variants of high-resolution high-dynamic range denoisers. We propose a parallel algorithm implementation relying on automated decompositions of the image into facets and the measurement operator into sparse low-dimensional blocks, enabling scalability to large data and image dimensions. We validate our framework for image formation at a wide field of view containing ESO~137-006, from 19 gigabytes of MeerKAT data at 1053 and 1399 MHz. The recovered maps exhibit significantly more resolution and dynamic range than CLEAN, revealing collimated synchrotron threads close to the galactic core.
description: accepted for publication in ApJL
Collapse-induced Orientational Localization of Rigid Rotors
Creators: name: Schrinski, Björn
name: Stickler, Benjamin A.
name: Hornberger, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how the ro-translational motion of anisotropic particles is affected by the model of Continuous Spontaneous Localization (CSL), the most prominent hypothetical modification of the Schrödinger equation restoring realism on the macroscale. We derive the master equation describing collapse-induced spatio-orientational decoherence, and demonstrate how it leads to linear- and angular-momentum diffusion. Since the associated heating rates scale differently with the CSL parameters, the latter can be determined individually by measuring the random motion of a single levitated nanorotor.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
THE CURRENT IMPORTANCE AND TASK OF LEARNING FOREIGN LANGUAGES TODAY
Creators: name: Ramazonova Ozoda Sherzodovna Student of Uzbek-Finnish Pedagogical institute
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This article discusses the importance of teaching foreign languages and the state of its foreign language teaching materials today. In this way, along with interactive methods, traditional teaching methods are compared and clear conclusions are given. Additionally, traditional interactive teaching methods, considered useful in learning additional languages, are intended to achieve effective results in teaching foreign languages in four aspects (reading, listening, writing, and speaking skills).

Keywords: interactive tasks, didactic systematization, educational function, CEFR, IELTS, PIRLS, PISA.
Insulin-Stimulated Muscle Glucose Uptake and Insulin Signaling in Lean and Obese Humans
Creators: name: Ramos, Paola A.
name: Lytle, Kelli
name: Danae Delivanis
name: Soren Nielsen
name: LeBrasseur, Nathan K.
name: Jensen, Michael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 60104 Cell Metabolism
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Diseases

description: Supplemental Figures 1, 2 and 3 for manuscript entitled "Insulin-Stimulated Muscle Glucose Uptake and Insulin Signaling in Lean and Obese Humans
Mapping the SMEFT to discoverable models
Creators: name: Cepedello, Ricardo
name: Esser, Fabian
name: Hirsch, Martin
name: Sanz, Veronica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The matching of specific new physics scenarios onto the SMEFT framework is a well-understood procedure. The inverse problem, the matching of the SMEFT to UV scenarios, is more difficult and requires the development of new methods to perform a systematic exploration of models. In this paper we use a diagrammatic technique to construct in an automated way a complete set of possible UV models (given certain, well specified assumptions) that can produce specific groups of SMEFT operators, and illustrate its use by generating models with no tree-level contributions to four-fermion (4F) operators. Those scenarios, which only contribute to 4F at one-loop order, can contain relatively light particles that could be discovered at the LHC in direct searches. For this class of models, we find an interesting interplay between indirect SMEFT and direct searches. We discuss some examples on how this interplay would look like when combining low-energy observables with the SMEFT Higgs-fermion analyses and searches for resonance at the LHC.
description: 33 pages, 11 figures. Version published in JHEP
Digital Twins: Potentials, Ethical Issues, and Limitations
Creators: name: Helbing, Dirk
name: Sánchez-Vaquerizo, Javier Argota
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: J.2; J.4; K.4.1

description: After Big Data and Artificial Intelligence (AI), the subject of Digital Twins has emerged as another promising technology, advocated, built, and sold by various IT companies. The approach aims to produce highly realistic models of real systems. In the case of dynamically changing systems, such digital twins would have a life, i.e. they would change their behaviour over time and, in perspective, take decisions like their real counterparts \textemdash so the vision. In contrast to animated avatars, however, which only imitate the behaviour of real systems, like deep fakes, digital twins aim to be accurate "digital copies", i.e. "duplicates" of reality, which may interact with reality and with their physical counterparts. This chapter explores, what are possible applications and implications, limitations, and threats.
description: 22 pages, in Andrej Zwitter and Oskar Gstrein, Handbook on the Politics and Governance of Big Data and Artificial Intelligence, Edward Elgar [forthcoming] (Handbooks in Political Science series)
Automated verification of dynamic root of trust protocols (long version)
Creators: name: Bursuc, Sergiu
name: Johansen, Christian
name: Xu, Shiwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Automated verification of security protocols based on dynamic root of trust, typically relying on protected hardware such as TPM, involves several challenges that we address in this paper. We model the semantics of trusted computing platforms (including CPU, TPM, OS, and other essential components) and of associated protocols in a classical process calculus accepted by ProVerif. As part of the formalization effort, we introduce new equational theories for representing TPM specific platform states and dynamically loaded programs. Formal models for such an extensive set of features cannot be readily handled by ProVerif, due especially to the search space generated by unbounded extensions of TPM registers. In this context we introduce a transformation of the TPM process, that simplifies the structure of the search space for automated verification, while preserving the security properties of interest. This allows to run ProVerif on our proposed models, so we can derive automatically security guarantees for protocols running in a dynamic root of trust context.
description: 27 pages with Appendix
Shadows around Sgr A* and M87* as a tool to test gravity theories
Creators: name: Zakharov, Alexander F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of Randall -- Sundrum theory with extra dimension Reissner -- Nordström black hole solutions with a tidal charge have been found. The shadow around the supermassive black hole in M87 was reconstructed in 2019 based on observations with the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) in April 2017. In May 2022 the EHT Collaboration presented results of a shadow reconstruction for our Galactic Center. Earlier, for Reissner -- Nordström metric we derived analytical expressions for shadow size as a function of charge and later generalized these results for a tidal charge case. We discuss opportunities to evaluate parameters of alternative theories of gravity with shadow size estimates done by the EHT Collaboration, in particular, a tidal charge could be estimated from these observations.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure, presented at the ICRANet-ISFAHAN Astronomy Meeting, accepted in Astronomical and Astrophysical Transactions; typos were corrected
SA-CNN: Application to text categorization issues using simulated annealing-based convolutional neural network optimization
Creators: name: Guo, Zihao
name: Cao, Yueying
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are a representative class of deep learning algorithms including convolutional computation that perform translation-invariant classification of input data based on their hierarchical architecture. However, classical convolutional neural network learning methods use the steepest descent algorithm for training, and the learning performance is greatly influenced by the initial weight settings of the convolutional and fully connected layers, requiring re-tuning to achieve better performance under different model structures and data. Combining the strengths of the simulated annealing algorithm in global search, we propose applying it to the hyperparameter search process in order to increase the effectiveness of convolutional neural networks (CNNs). In this paper, we introduce SA-CNN neural networks for text classification tasks based on Text-CNN neural networks and implement the simulated annealing algorithm for hyperparameter search. Experiments demonstrate that we can achieve greater classification accuracy than earlier models with manual tuning, and the improvement in time and space for exploration relative to human tuning is substantial.
description: ACM EITCE-2022
De los requisitos del título valor al análisis subsidiario del título ejecutivo. Tensión entre derechos de acreedor y deudor a propósito de algunos criterios expuestos por la Sala de Casación Civil en sede de tutela
Creators: name: Villamarín Díaz, Néstor Andrés
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Crédito - Legislación
subject: Derecho procesal - Colombia
subject: Procedimiento civil - Aspectos jurídicos
subject: Proceso ejecutivo
subject: Requisitos del título
subject: Análisis residual
subject: Tutela jurisdiccional efectiva

description: La Corte Suprema de Justicia ha reiterado que después de la ejecutoria del mandamiento de pago e incluso ante el silencio de la parte, el juez tiene la posibilidad de pronunciarse sobre los requisitos formales del título presentado para ejecución. Mas en contados casos ha planteado que cuando el instrumento cambiario no reúna esas solemnidades, deberá entonces analizar, de manera residual, si el documento sirve como prueba de un título ejecutivo y proceder a garantizar el derecho de crédito. La tensión que genera ese estudio subsidiario, implica analizar la norma procesal como garante de la tutela jurisdiccional efectiva y de los derechos de los acreedores, frente al régimen de los títulos valores, y definir si prevalece el derecho de crédito ante los derechos a la defensa y contradicción. Previo análisis de algunas categorías conceptuales, de la evolución legal, jurisprudencial y de la doctrina, se disertará sobre las ventajas que tienen tales posturas de cara a los intereses en contienda y hasta qué punto resulta viable que, en últimas, sean la norma procesal y el régimen general de las obligaciones, que no la norma comercial, lo que defina la suerte del cobro por vía judicial.
description: The Supreme Court of Justice has pointed out that after the execution of the judgment debt and even if the party is silent, the judge has the possibility of pronouncing the formal requirements of the instrument presented for the debt enforcement. But in a few cases it has stated that when the exchange instrument does not meet these solemnities, it must then analyze, in a residual manner, whether the document serves as evidence of an enforceable title and proceed to guarantee the right of credit. The tension generated by this subsidiary study implies analyzing the procedural rule as a guarantor of effective jurisdictional protection and the rights of creditors, as opposed to the regime of negotiable instruments, and defining whether the right of credit prevails over the exercise of the defense and contradiction right. After an analysis of some conceptual categories of legal, academic and jurisprudential evolution, the advantages of such positions concerning the interests in dispute will be discussed and, in addition, it is feasible that, in the end, it is the procedural rule and the general regime of obligations, rather than the commercial rule, which defines the result of the judgment debt.
Chaotic Dynamics in Nonautonomous Maps: Application to the Nonautomous Henon Map
Creators: name: Balibrea-Iniesta, Francisco
name: Lopesino, Carlos
name: Wiggins, Stephen
name: Mancho, Ana M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we analyze chaotic dynamics for two dimensional nonautonomous maps through the use of a nonautonomous version of the Conley-Moser conditions given previously. With this approach we are able to give a precise definition of what is meant by a chaotic invariant set for nonautonomous maps. We extend the nonautonomous Conley-Moser conditions by deriving a new sufficient condition for the nonautonomous chaotic invariant set to be hyperbolic. We consider the specific example of a nonautonomous Hénon map and give sufficient conditions, in terms of the parameters defining the map, for the nonautonomous Hénon map to have a hyperbolic chaotic invariant set.
Fast Bayesian Optimization of Needle-in-a-Haystack Problems using Zooming Memory-Based Initialization (ZoMBI)
Creators: name: Siemenn, Alexander E.
name: Ren, Zekun
name: Li, Qianxiao
name: Buonassisi, Tonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Needle-in-a-Haystack problems exist across a wide range of applications including rare disease prediction, ecological resource management, fraud detection, and material property optimization. A Needle-in-a-Haystack problem arises when there is an extreme imbalance of optimum conditions relative to the size of the dataset. For example, only $0.82\%$ out of $146$k total materials in the open-access Materials Project database have a negative Poisson's ratio. However, current state-of-the-art optimization algorithms are not designed with the capabilities to find solutions to these challenging multidimensional Needle-in-a-Haystack problems, resulting in slow convergence to a global optimum or pigeonholing into a local minimum. In this paper, we present a Zooming Memory-Based Initialization algorithm, entitled ZoMBI. ZoMBI actively extracts knowledge from the previously best-performing evaluated experiments to iteratively zoom in the sampling search bounds towards the global optimum "needle" and then prunes the memory of low-performing historical experiments to accelerate compute times by reducing the algorithm time complexity from $O(n^3)$ to $O(ϕ^3)$ for $ϕ$ forward experiments per activation, which trends to a constant $O(1)$ over several activations. Additionally, ZoMBI implements two custom adaptive acquisition functions to further guide the sampling of new experiments toward the global optimum. We validate the algorithm's optimization performance on three real-world datasets exhibiting Needle-in-a-Haystack and further stress-test the algorithm's performance on an additional 174 analytical datasets. The ZoMBI algorithm demonstrates compute time speed-ups of 400x compared to traditional Bayesian optimization as well as efficiently discovering optima in under 100 experiments that are up to 3x more highly optimized than those discovered by similar methods MiP-EGO, TuRBO, and HEBO.
description: Paper 16 pages; SI 6 pages
Contrasting EMI lecturers’ perceptions with practices at the University of Bologna
Creators: name: Picciuolo, Mariangela
name: Johnson, Jane Helen
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2020
Subjects: L-LIN/01 Glottologia e linguistica
L-LIN/12 Lingua e traduzione - Lingua inglese

description: English-Medium Instruction (EMI) is rapidly being taken up in universities worldwide, though the speed at which EMI courses are appearing continues to outpace empirical research (Martín del Pozo 2017). In this context, research has primarily provided insights on lecturers’ self-perceptions, by prioritizing lecturers’ need for training in EMI. Our contribution here is threefold. First, we aim to provide an account of lecturers’ self-perceptions of their own teaching in English, resulting from a survey involving 40 EMI lecturers in Engineering and Economics at the University of Bologna. Second, by cross-referencing their replies with relevant literature, we aim to identify recurring patterns in lecturers’ self-perceptions. Third, by cross-referencing these perceptions with findings from lecture recordings, we aim to determine how far lecturers’ assumptions are consistent with their classroom practices. Results show that experienced EMI lecturers are able to identify three main dimensions of EMI: academic English proficiency, instructional style, and “culturally shaped norms of teacher-student interactions” (Hu and Li 2017: 200). However, contrasting lecturers’ perceptions with what they actually do in the classroom has proved that the intentions and strategies of lecturers need to be acted upon before substantial improvements in their approach to teaching can be expected. Implications for providing lecturer-support programs are discussed.
School-based mental health supports during COVID-19: School professional perspectives
Creators: name: Sartain L.
name: Griffin D.C.
name: Wood C.
name: Griffard M.K.R.
name: Marraccini M.E.
name: Pittleman C.
name: Whitcomb C.E.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc
Year: 2023

description: The present study explored the ways school professionals adapted school-based mental health supports and services for remote delivery during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We surveyed 81 school professionals (e.g., counselors, psychologists, and social workers) and conducted in-depth interviews with a subsample of professionals (n = 14) to explore their perceptions and experiences of supporting youth with mental health concerns and suicide-related risk during the fall and winter of the 2020–2021 school year. Commonly endorsed school-based mental health interventions (e.g., counseling services and checking in), ways of communicating (phone and email), and individuals delivering support and services to students with suicide-related risk (e.g., counselors and teachers) were identified based on school professional survey responses. Qualitative findings point to facilitators (e.g., specific platforms for connecting with students and families) and barriers (e.g., limited communication) to successful service delivery during COVID-19. Findings highlight the creative ways school support professionals adapted to provide school-based mental health supports. Implications for remote school-based mental health services during and following the pandemic are discussed.
Discrecionalidad del asegurador, sus potestades y limitaciones
Creators: name: Feres Farfan, William
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Seguros - Aspectos jurídicos
subject: Derecho comercial - Legislación
subject: Copañias de seguro - Política comercial
subject: Autonomía privada del contrato
subject: Código de Comercio
subject: Constitucionalización del derecho privado
subject: Interés público

description: Si bien es cierto el contrato de seguros es de carácter consensual, bilateral, aleatorio, oneroso y basado en la ubérrima buena fe mediante el cual una entidad aseguradora y el tomador lo celebran con la finalidad de amparar el acaecimiento de una contingencia que puede causar perjuicios al patrimonio, los bienes o la vida del asegurado beneficiario, también lo es que se rige, principalmente, por la autonomía de la voluntad privada, la cual prevalecerá en ciertos casos y en otras deberá ceder frente al interés general protegido por la Constitución Política. Por lo anterior, es común encontrar en el contexto nacional la necesidad de respaldar una obligación y la eventual materialización de un riesgo con la expedición de una póliza de seguros, estando facultadas las entidades aseguradoras, a su arbitrio, para negarse, asumir algunos o todos de los riesgos indicados por el tomador, mediante lo previsto en el artículo 1056 del Código de Comercio. Independiente a dichas facultades, ningún derecho es absoluto, más cuando la actividad aseguradora es considerada de interés público.
description: Although it is true that the insurance contract is a consensual nature, bilateral, random, onerous and based on the utmost good faith through which an insurance entity and the policyholder subscribe in order to cover the occurrence of a contingency that may cause damage to the patrimony, property or life of the insured beneficiary, it is also governed, mainly, by the autonomy of the private will, which will prevail in certain cases and in others must yield to the general interest protected by the Political Constitution. Due to the above, it is common to find in the national context the need to support an obligation and the eventual materialization of a risk through the issuance of an insurance policy, with the insurers being empowered, at their discretion, to refuse, assume all or some of the risks indicated by the policyholder, in accordance with the provisions of article 1056 of the Commercial Code. Regardless of said powers, no right is absolute, especially when the insurance activity is considered to be of public interest.
Fractional Gagliardo-Nirenberg interpolation inequality and bounded mean oscillation
Creators: name: Van Schaftingen, Jean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 26D10 (Primary) 35A23, 42B35, 46B70, 46E35 (Secondary)

description: We prove Gagliardo-Nirenberg interpolation inequalities estimating the Sobolev semi-norm in terms of the bounded mean oscillation semi-norm and a Sobolev semi-norm, with some of the Sobolev semi-norms having fractional order.
description: 11 pages, additional references and localised higher-order interpolation, and typographical corrections
Polarization dependence of transverse photo-induced voltage in gold thin film with random nanoholes
Creators: name: Akbari, Marjan
name: Ishihara, Teruya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transverse photo-induced voltage (TPIV) in 25nm-thick Au film with random holes with 100 nm in diameter is measured for linearly, circularly and elliptically polarized light. By rotating the major axis of ellipse of the light, TPIV exhibits specific pattern depending on polarization. The experimental results are readily reproduced by assuming that the angular momentum transfer from the light beam to the film is responsible for TPIV. A novel ellipticity meter is proposed based on this mechanism.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Probabilistic Uncertainty-Aware Risk Spot Detector for Naturalistic Driving
Creators: name: Puphal, Tim
name: Probst, Malte
name: Eggert, Julian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Risk assessment is a central element for the development and validation of Autonomous Vehicles (AV). It comprises a combination of occurrence probability and severity of future critical events. Time Headway (TH) as well as Time-To-Contact (TTC) are commonly used risk metrics and have qualitative relations to occurrence probability. However, they lack theoretical derivations and additionally they are designed to only cover special types of traffic scenarios (e.g. following between single car pairs). In this paper, we present a probabilistic situation risk model based on survival analysis considerations and extend it to naturally incorporate sensory, temporal and behavioral uncertainties as they arise in real-world scenarios. The resulting Risk Spot Detector (RSD) is applied and tested on naturalistic driving data of a multi-lane boulevard with several intersections, enabling the visualization of road criticality maps. Compared to TH and TTC, our approach is more selective and specific in predicting risk. RSD concentrates on driving sections of high vehicle density where large accelerations and decelerations or approaches with high velocity occur.
Effects of Landau damping on ion-acoustic solitary waves in a semiclassical plasma
Creators: name: Barman, A.
name: Misra, A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the nonlinear propagation of ion-acoustic waves (IAWs) in an unmagnetized collisionless plasma with the effects of electron and ion Landau damping in the weak quantum (semiclassical) regime, i.e., when the typical ion-acoustic (IA) length scale is larger than the thermal de Broglie wavelength. Starting from a set of classical and semiclassical Vlasov equations for ions and electrons, coupled to the Poisson equation, we derive a modified (by the particle dispersion) Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation which governs the evolution of IAWs with the effects of wave-particle resonance. It is found that in contrast to the classical results, the nonlinear IAW speed $(λ)$ and the linear Landau damping rate $(γ)$ are no longer constants, but can vary with the wave number $(k)$ due to the quantum particle dispersion. The effects of the quantum parameter $H$ (the ratio of the plasmon energy to the thermal energy) and the electron to ion temperature ratio $(T)$ on the profiles of $λ$, $γ$ and the solitary wave amplitude are also studied. It is shown that the decay rate of the wave amplitude is reduced by the effects of $H$.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures; the revised version to appear in Phys. Plasmas (2017)
Spectral signatures of fault tolerant neural architectures
Creators: name: Esfandiary, Samaneh
Publisher: name: Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
Year: 2024
Subjects: Networks Model
Neural Networks
Hierarchical modular networks
Human brains networks models
Material simulations

description: In the context of biomimetic modeling, hierarchical structures are often associated with properties of enhanced resilience. A broad class of resilient biological systems exhibits a hierarchical modular organization, with examples from the fields of neuroscience, systems biology, and biological materials science. While the complexity of these systems cannot be reduced to their microstructural characterization, exploring the effects of such ubiquitous hierarchical arrangements can prove decisive in view of applications, where one seeks the synthesis of novel structures, with desirable properties of bio-inspired, high fault tolerance. Similarly, being able to recognize certain structural patterns can help identify damage, for instance, pathological states in the brain, or failure precursors in biomaterials. In this thesis, we explore the connection between hierarchical structure and fault tolerance, using network models, spectral graph theory, and numerical simulations of stochastic processes. As our model biosystem, we choose the brain, which can be considered one of the prototypes of a resilient hierarchical structure. Previous studies have highlighted the role of the hierarchical organization of brain modules in allowing functional differentiation and preventing the growth of collective dynamic patterns of neural activation, which can be associated with pathological states. Building on these results, we are able to identify some of the basic mechanisms that are responsible for this form of resilient behavior. We trace back the ability to confine loads and activity patterns to the spectra of brain-inspired network models, with excess low eigenvalues promoting patterns of localization and slowdown. We further introduce stochastic damage in our models, and verify that the mechanisms of load confinement are robust against such perturbations. Moving to validation and applications, we verify our theory against real brain data, by conducting a large-scale statistical analysis over a sample of 49 subjects. We show that the anatomical brain mappings, or connectomes, exhibit the same concentration of excess eigenvalues that our theory predicts. Interestingly, that feature disappears when applying a data-based rewiring algorithm that artificially removes the hierarchical organization. We further expand our theoretical framework by introducing local spectral measures and finally discuss a usage scenario, where these analysis tools can be employed to study interface damage in bio-inspired semi-brittle materials under mechanical load.
Naturaleza jurídica y control de las medidas correctivas de competencia de los inspectores de policía en el marco de la ley 1801 de 2016
Creators: name: Martínez Jaramillo, Yamilet
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Actos administrativos - Legislación
subject: Derecho administrativo - Colombia
subject: Colombia - Obras públicas
subject: Policía
subject: Jurisprudencia
subject: Bienes inmuebles
subject: Luz

description: En virtud de la Ley 1801 de 2016, los inspectores de policía tienen competencia para conocer de la aplicación de las medidas correctivas. Estas, por regla general, tienen naturaleza administrativa, son actos administrativos y tienen control por parte de la jurisdicción de lo contencioso administrativo. Sin embargo, a la luz de la jurisprudencia constitucional y administrativa expedida después de la citada Ley 1801 de 2016, excepcionalmente estas autoridades emiten decisiones de naturaleza jurisdiccional en los procesos de amparo a la posesión, mera tenencia y servidumbre de bienes inmuebles de particulares; estos actos jurisdiccionales no tienen control ante el juez administrativo, quedando como mecanismo de control principal la acción de tutela.
Janis-Newman algorithm: generating rotating and NUT charged black holes
Creators: name: Erbin, Harold
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this review we present the most general form of the Janis--Newman algorithm. This extension allows to generate configurations which contain all bosonic fields with spin less than or equal to two (real and complex scalar fields, gauge fields, metric field) and with five of the six parameters of the Plebański-Demiański metric (mass, electric charge, magnetic charge, NUT charge and angular momentum). Several examples are included to illustrate the algorithm. We also discuss the extension of the algorithm to other dimensions.
description: 68 pages, invited review for Universe; v2: sec. 1-4, 6 and app. B match published version, sec. 5, 7, 8 and app. A, C are specific to arxiv version
Increasing the Efficiency of Sparse Matrix-Matrix Multiplication with a 2.5D Algorithm and One-Sided MPI
Creators: name: Lazzaro, Alfio
name: VandeVondele, Joost
name: Hutter, Juerg
name: Schuett, Ole
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Matrix-matrix multiplication is a basic operation in linear algebra and an essential building block for a wide range of algorithms in various scientific fields. Theory and implementation for the dense, square matrix case are well-developed. If matrices are sparse, with application-specific sparsity patterns, the optimal implementation remains an open question. Here, we explore the performance of communication reducing 2.5D algorithms and one-sided MPI communication in the context of linear scaling electronic structure theory. In particular, we extend the DBCSR sparse matrix library, which is the basic building block for linear scaling electronic structure theory and low scaling correlated methods in CP2K. The library is specifically designed to efficiently perform block-sparse matrix-matrix multiplication of matrices with a relatively large occupation. Here, we compare the performance of the original implementation based on Cannon's algorithm and MPI point-to-point communication, with an implementation based on MPI one-sided communications (RMA), in both a 2D and a 2.5D approach. The 2.5D approach trades memory and auxiliary operations for reduced communication, which can lead to a speedup if communication is dominant. The 2.5D algorithm is somewhat easier to implement with one-sided communications. A detailed description of the implementation is provided, also for non ideal processor topologies, since this is important for actual applications. Given the importance of the precise sparsity pattern, and even the actual matrix data, which decides the effective fill-in upon multiplication, the tests are performed within the CP2K package with application benchmarks. Results show a substantial boost in performance for the RMA based 2.5D algorithm, up to 1.80x, which is observed to increase with the number of involved processes in the parallelization.
description: In Proceedings of PASC '17, Lugano, Switzerland, June 26-28, 2017, 10 pages, 4 figures
Quantum tunneling from accelerating three-dimensional black hole
Creators: name: Gillani, Usman A.
name: Ahmed, Jamil
name: Rehman, Mudassar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hawking radiation as a quantum tunneling phenomena from accelerating BTZ black holes is presented in this work. We have calculated the Dirac particle's Hawking radiation from the horizon of the accelerating BTZ black hole. WKB approximation is applied to Dirac equation in the background of three dimensional black holes. This procedure gives us the tunneling probability, which we have used to calculate the Hawking temperature of the background three-dimensional black hole. Our study is consistent with the previous studies in the absence of the acceleration parameter. We have also studied the quantum corrections to the Hawking temperature of accelerating BTZ black hole.
Divided powers in the Witt ring of symmetric bilinear forms
Creators: name: Totaro, Burt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11E81 (Primary) 11B68, 19D45 (Secondary)

description: The Witt ring of symmetric bilinear forms over a field has divided power operations. On the other hand, it follows from Garibaldi-Merkurjev-Serre's work on cohomological invariants that all operations on the Witt ring are essentially linear combinations of exterior powers. We find the explicit formula for the divided powers as a linear combination of exterior powers. The coefficients involve the ``tangent numbers'', related to Bernoulli numbers. The divided powers on the Witt ring give another construction of the divided powers on Milnor K-theory modulo 2.
description: 10 pages; v2: proof of Lemma 2.2 improved after publication, thanks to J.-P. Serre
On topological and measurable dynamics of unipotent frame flows for hyperbolic manifolds
Creators: name: Maucourant, François
name: Schapira, Barbara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the dynamics of unipotent flows on frame bundles of hyperbolic manifolds of infinite volume. We prove that they are topologi-cally transitive, and that the natural invariant measure, the so-called " Burger-Roblin measure ", is ergodic, as soon as the geodesic flow admits a finite measure of maximal entropy, and this entropy is strictly greater than the codi-mension of the unipotent flow inside the maximal unipotent flow. The latter result generalises a Theorem of Mohammadi and Oh.
Quantization of Nambu Brackets from Operator Formalism in Classical Mechanics
Creators: name: Katagiri, So
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper proposes a novel approach to quantizing Nambu brackets in classical mechanics using operator formalism. The approach employs the ``Planck derivative'' to represent Nambu brackets, from which we derive a commutation relation for their quantization. Notably, this commutation relation aligns with that emerging from the T-duality of closed strings in a twisted torus with a B-field, thereby hinting at a potential connection with Double Field Theory.
description: 17 pages
struc2vec: Learning Node Representations from Structural Identity
Creators: name: Ribeiro, Leonardo F. R.
name: Savarese, Pedro H. P.
name: Figueiredo, Daniel R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Structural identity is a concept of symmetry in which network nodes are identified according to the network structure and their relationship to other nodes. Structural identity has been studied in theory and practice over the past decades, but only recently has it been addressed with representational learning techniques. This work presents struc2vec, a novel and flexible framework for learning latent representations for the structural identity of nodes. struc2vec uses a hierarchy to measure node similarity at different scales, and constructs a multilayer graph to encode structural similarities and generate structural context for nodes. Numerical experiments indicate that state-of-the-art techniques for learning node representations fail in capturing stronger notions of structural identity, while struc2vec exhibits much superior performance in this task, as it overcomes limitations of prior approaches. As a consequence, numerical experiments indicate that struc2vec improves performance on classification tasks that depend more on structural identity.
description: 10 pages, KDD2017, Research Track
Models of damage and failure in hierarchical materials
Creators: name: Esfandiary, Nosaibeh
Publisher: name: Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
Year: 2024

description: Abstract Fracture mechanics in biological materials such as bone is characterized by properties of crack arrest and enhanced resilience. This remarkable behavior is usually ascribed to the hierarchical organization of collagen fibrils, fibers and fiber bundles, and in found several other fibrous materials, with examples ranging from wood to nacre. Similarly, properties of robust adhesion and mitigation of interface failure characterize the detachment behavior of hierarchically patterned interfaces, as in the case of the gecko foot. Modelling biomimetic hierarchical microstructures thus represents an appealing perspective, in view of the design and optimization of materials with desirable properties of enhanced fault tolerance. However, when modeling fracture in hierarchical materials we face a major obstacle, imposed by the nature of the problem. Hierarchical structures are usually characterized by large fluctuations in morphology and constitutive behavior, thus requiring large amounts of data and statistical studies. Statistical modeling methods for hierarchical materials exist, but they are often too abstract to provide access to individual features of microstructure and crack morphology. Here, we fill this methodological gap, by introducing a computationally efficient numerical approach to fracture of hierarchical structures, using models of fuse network elasticity and failure, and exploring their interplay with fluctuations in local response. Our results show that hierarchical systems display a novel failure mode, where nucleated microcracks do not expand, as their growth is arrested by the discontinuities, or gaps, in the hierarchical microstructure. Our statistical analysis of deformation avalanches and damage patterns shows scale invariant behavior at every loading stage. From the point of view of statistical theories of failure, hierarchical systems thus depart from the standard picture of disordered materials, according to which scale invariance and crack growth should be emergent phenomena, only occurring at a critical point. Instead, we detect no transition behavior from a sub-critical to a critical state: diffuse damage accumulates throughout the system and failure is reached by microcrack coalescence. Our results cover two- and three-dimensional geometries, in problems of bulk fracture and interface detachment, for both high and low disorder, pointing to a scenario, in which a biomimetic hierarchical structure offers significant advantages over a non-hierarchical reference system, not because of a higher peak strength, but because of increased tolerance against pre-existing damage.
A Note on Some Recent Results for the Bernoulli Numbers of the Second Kind
Creators: name: Blagouchine, Iaroslav V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In a recent issue of the Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society, Qi and Zhang discovered an interesting integral representation for the Bernoulli numbers of the second kind (also known as Gregory's coefficients, Cauchy numbers of the first kind, and the reciprocal logarithmic numbers). The same representation also appears in many other sources, either with no references to its author, or with references to various modern researchers. In this short note, we show that this representation is a rediscovery of an old result obtained in the XIXth century by Ernst Schröder. We also demonstrate that the same integral representation may be readily derived by means of complex integration. Moreover, we discovered that the asymptotics of these numbers were also the subject of several rediscoveries, including very recent ones. In particular, the first-order asymptotics, which are usually (and erroneously) credited to Johan F. Steffensen, actually date back to the mid-XIXth century, and probably were known even earlier.
Absence of magnetism in the superconductor Ba2Ti2Fe2As4O: Insights from inelastic neutron scattering measurements and ab initio calculations of phonon spectra
Creators: name: Zbiri, Mohamed
name: Jin, Wentao
name: Xiao, Yinguo
name: Sun, Yunlei
name: Su, Yixi
name: Demirdis, Sultan
name: Cao, Guanghan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ba2Ti2Fe2As4O is a self-doped superconductor exhibiting a Tc ~ 21.5 K and containing, distinctively with respect to other Fe-based superconductors, not only [Fe2As2] layers but also conducting [Ti2O] sheets. This compound exhibits a transition at T* ~ 125 K which has tentatively been assigned in the literature to a possible density-wave order. However, the nature of this density wave (whether it is a charge- or spin-induced) is still under debate. Magnetism in Ba2Ti2Fe2As4O has never been experimentally confirmed, which raises the question whether this superconductor might be non-magnetic or exhibiting a very weak magnetism. Here, we report evidence from inelastic neutron scattering (INS) measurements and ab initio calculations of phonon spectra pointing towards absence of magnetism in Ba2Ti2Fe2As4O. The INS measurements did not reveal any noticeable change of the phonon spectra across Tc, neither could magnetic effects be observed within the accessible (Q, E) space, setting Ba2Ti2Fe2As4O as an unconventional superconductor. The effect of magnetism on describing phonon spectra was further investigated by performing ab initio calculations. In this context, non-magnetic calculations reproduced well the measured phonon spectra. Therefore, our results indicate a non-magnetic and unconventional character of the superconductor Ba2Ti2Fe2As4O.