cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Do Sales Matter? Evidence from UK Food Retailing
Creators: name: Lloyd, Tim A.
name: Morgan, C. Wyn
name: McCorriston, Steve
name: Zgovu, Evious
name: Lloyd, Tim A.
name: Morgan, C. Wyn
name: McCorriston, Steve
name: Zgovu, Evious
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Sales
subject: price variation
subject: retail

description: This paper assesses the role of sales as a feature of price dynamics using scanner data. The study analyses a unique, high frequency panel of supermarket prices consisting of over 230,000 weekly price observations on around 500 products in 15 categories of food stocked by the UK’s seven largest retail chains. In all, 1,700 weekly time series are available at the barcode-specific level including branded and own-label products. The data allows the frequency, magnitude and duration of sales to be analysed in greater detail than has hitherto been possible with UK data. The main results are: (i) sales are a key feature of aggregate price variation with around 40 per cent of price variation being accounted for by sales once price differences for each UPC level across the major retailers are accounted for; (ii) much of the price variation that is observed in the UK food retailing sector is accounted for by price differences between retailers; (iii) only a small proportion of price variation that is observed in UK food retailing is common across the major retailers suggesting that cost shocks originating at the manufacturing level is not one of the main sources of price variation in the UK; (iv) own-label products also exhibit considerable sales behaviour though this is less important than sales for branded goods; and (v) there is some evidence of coordination in the timing of sales across retailers insofar as the probability of a sale at the UPC level at a given retailer increases if the product is also on sale at another retailer.
How Local and Seasonal is the Consumption of Soft Fruit in Scotland?
Creators: name: Revoredo-Giha, Cesar
name: Leat, Philip M.K.
name: Kupiec-Teahan, Beata
name: Lamprinopoulou-Kranis, Chrysa
name: Revoredo-Giha, Cesar
name: Leat, Philip M.K.
name: Kupiec-Teahan, Beata
name: Lamprinopoulou-Kranis, Chrysa
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Scotland agriculture
subject: soft fruits
subject: agricultural marketing

description: The main implication of the food miles indicator is that in order to protect the environment consumers should purchase food locally and seasonal. However, something that it is missing in all discussions is the evidence about how bad or good - in terms of locality and seasonality- is the actual consumption of food. This is probably due to the fact that food consumption statistics are available as aggregated annual data. In this paper we analyse the purchases of food, in particular the purchases of soft fruits in Scotland, which not only have marked production seasonality but also are imported from the rest of the UK and from abroad. For the analysis we use the Kantar Worldpanel dataset for the period 2006 until 2009. The results indicate that Scottish soft fruit covers a relatively small segment of the market and therefore eat locally would imply reduce significantly the consumption of soft fruit, even during the Scottish produce season. As regards the consumption seasonality, the purchases of soft fruit, particularly strawberry, seem to be seasonal despite the possibility of getting out-of- season imported soft fruit.
A Neural Network Inspired Formulation of Chemical Kinetics
Creators: name: Barwey, Shivam
name: Raman, Venkat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A method which casts the chemical source term computation into an artificial neural network (ANN)-inspired form is presented. This approach is well-suited for use on emerging supercomputing platforms that rely on graphical processing units (GPUs). The resulting equations allow for a GPU-friendly matrix-multiplication based source term estimation where the leading dimension (batch size) can be interpreted as the number of chemically reacting cells in the domain; as such, the approach can be readily adapted in high-fidelity solvers for which an MPI rank offloads the source term computation task for a given number of cells to the GPU. Though the exact ANN-inspired recasting shown here is optimal for GPU environments as-is, this interpretation allows the user to replace portions of the exact routine with trained, so-called approximate ANNs, where the goal of these approximate ANNs is to increase computational efficiency over the exact routine counterparts. Note that the main objective of this paper is not to use machine learning for developing models, but rather to represent chemical kinetics using the ANN framework. The end result is that little-to-no training is needed, and the GPU-friendly structure of the ANN formulation during the source term computation is preserved. The method is demonstrated using chemical mechanisms of varying complexity on both 0-D auto-ignition and 1-D channel detonation problems, and the details of performance on GPUs are explored.
Traceability in Food Systems: An Economic Analysis of LGMA and the 2006 Spinach Outbreak
Creators: name: Nganje, William E.
name: Skilton, Paul F.
name: Jensen, Helen H.
name: Onyeaghala, Raphael
name: Nganje, William E.
name: Skilton, Paul F.
name: Jensen, Helen H.
name: Onyeaghala, Raphael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Production Economics
subject: traceability
subject: produce
subject: supply networks
subject: cost-effectiveness

description: This case study presents an in-depth review of network structures and costs associated with the implementation of traceability systems in California leafy green production, distribution, and retailing. The 2006 spinach outbreak is used to assess the economic impact of trace back/forward response time of the LGMA system, an example of a tightly coupled, linear supply network. Results suggest that the benefits of traceability systems may far outweigh the costs and that costs vary significantly by technology used and by grower size. Implications are derived for cost-effectiveness of rapid response, targeted trace back/forward systems in other types of supply networks.
Structure of particle-hole nuclei around 100Sn
Creators: name: Coraggio, L.
name: Covello, A.
name: Gargano, A.
name: Itaco, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed shell-model calculations for the three odd-odd nuclei 100In, 102In, and 98Ag, with neutron particles and proton holes around 100Sn. We have used a realistic effective interaction derived from the CD-Bonn nucleon-nucleon potential, the neutron-proton channel being explicitly treated in the particle-hole formalism. Particular attention has been focused on the particle-hole multiplets, which are a direct source of information on the neutron-proton effective interaction. We present our predictions for the two lowest lying multiplets in 100In, for which no spectroscopic data are yet available. For 98Ag and 102In comparison shows that our results are in very good agreement with the available experimental data.
description: 5 pages, published in Physical review C
A framework to understand the needs of the medical students of the future
Creators: name: Rath, Virginia L.
name: Mazotti, Lindsay
name: Wilkes, Michael S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Purpose: Medical education is undergoing curricular reform driven by internal needs and external pressures. Concurrently, medical students are changing. More diverse student bodies, particularly those from underrepresented minorities, bring different skill sets, needs and priorities to their medical school education. Here we present their voices. Methods: In order to explore the stories, needs and motivations of future physicians, we conducted a small-scale study of students from diverse backgrounds in US medical schools. Our interviews revealed two core themes about medical school: (1) that medical school is an extreme physical and emotional challenge for all students, and (2) that medical school education consists of multiple conflicting goals. Combining the two themes provides a descriptive topology of student’s motivations and strategies for getting through medical school. Using this framework, we deconstruct the experience of medical school to reveal the gaps and misalignments between the traditional system of medical education and what medical students want, expect and need to be successful. Conclusions: We discuss the implications of our research and this framework for curricula and the learning environment with a particular focus on (1) cooperative learning and social interdependence theory and (2) an expanded understanding of diversity and the needs of under-represented students.
Linking cultural industries and regeneration : a policy framework based on lessons from Europe
Creators: name: Cain, Helen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Hall (1998) has identified the 'cultural city' as a global trend in urban marketing. Postindustrial cities falling under this label aspire to be identified with flagship projects, e.g. museums, and/or beautification schemes tied to reusing old buildings, especially empty warehouses or factories, located in former industrial zones close to the central business district (Brown et al 2000; Evans 2001; Post' 1999). Some European cities such as Manchester, UK, and Bilbao, Spain that experienced catastrophic de-industrialisation during, the 1970s and 1980s are investing fresh economic, as well as aesthetic, value on regenerating old industrial areas of the inner city around the notion of 'cultural industry quarters' (CIQs) (Brown et al 2000; Fleming 1999; Vicario and Martinez Monje 2003). There is an emerging pattern of small- and medium-sized enterprise (SMEs) aligned with culture (e.g. designers) gathering in the inner city, or its fringe. In their choice of location, 'cultural industries' that constitute what I acknowledge as the 'new cultural economy' after Scott (1999, 2000, 2001) have an affinity for heritage structures, especially industrial, and land use zones. Thus, governments in Europe are encouraging cultural SMEs to cluster in inner city heritage districts called 'cultural industry quarters'. This thesis is a literature review that identified economic, spatial and social inclusion, or community development, policies for forging linkages between cultural SMEs and urban regeneration around the concept of CIQs. Three questions are addressed: 1. What policies could achieve cultural industry growth in the inner city? 2. What policies could meet the space needs of cultural SMEs, and other inner city users? 3. What policies could protect and advance social inclusion in CIQs? Concluding with a strategic policy framework, themes, objectives, goals and indicators are defined for the cultural economic, spatial and social inclusion roles of regeneration led by cultural SMEs. The framework is the outcome of reviewing academic literatures on the geography of cultural economy, related gentrification processes, and cultural SME led regeneration. Other information sources were government studies, websites dedicated to the encouragement of cultural industry and seven example CIQs, mostly UK, useful as reference points. Lessons learned from Europe could inform local authorities, particularly spatial planners, who are interested in design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of cultural industry quarters.
Potential of Artificial Wetlands for Removing Pesticides from Water in a Cost-Effective Framework
Creators: name: Martin, Elsa
name: Destandau, Francois
name: Rozan, Anne
name: Martin, Elsa
name: Destandau, Francois
name: Rozan, Anne
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: water policy
subject: constructed wetlands
subject: agricultural pollution regulation

description: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the implication of wetland construction for the cost-effective design of a pesticide charge. A model is developed in order to show that, for a given target, the introduction of wetland construction can reduce overall abatement costs and can lower the input charge asked to the farmers. This result remains true as long as the cost of constructing a wetland is not too high. A numerical illustration is carried out in order to simulate pesticide regulations in a wine catchment in North-East of France
A Generalized Asymmetric Dual-front Model for Active Contours and Image Segmentation
Creators: name: Chen, Da
name: Spencer, Jack
name: Mirebeau, Jean-Marie
name: Chen, Ke
name: Shu, Minglei
name: Cohen, Laurent D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Voronoi diagram-based dual-front active contour models are known as a powerful and efficient way for addressing the image segmentation and domain partitioning problems. In the basic formulation of the dual-front models, the evolving contours can be considered as the interfaces of adjacent Voronoi regions. Among these dual-front models, a crucial ingredient is regarded as the geodesic metrics by which the geodesic distances and the corresponding Voronoi diagram can be estimated. In this paper, we introduce a type of asymmetric quadratic metrics dual-front model. The metrics considered are built by the integration of the image features and a vector field derived from the evolving contours. The use of the asymmetry enhancement can reduce the risk of contour shortcut or leakage problems especially when the initial contours are far away from the target boundaries or the images have complicated intensity distributions. Moreover, the proposed dual-front model can be applied for image segmentation in conjunction with various region-based homogeneity terms. The numerical experiments on both synthetic and real images show that the proposed dual-front model indeed achieves encouraging results.
description: Published in IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Gravitational waves induced by the local-type non-Gaussian curvature perturbations
Creators: name: Yuan, Chen
name: Huang, Qing-Guo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The current observational constraints still leave a substantial mass window $\sim [10^{-16},10^{-14}] \cup [10^{-13},10^{-12}] M_\odot$ for primordial black holes (PBHs) representing all of dark matter (DM) in our Universe. The gravitational waves (GWs) induced by the curvature perturbations are inevitably generated during the formation of these PBHs, and fall in the frequency band of LISA. Such scalar induced gravitational waves (SIGWs) are supposed to be definitely detected by LISA even when the second-order local-type non-Gaussianity characterized by the parameter $F_{\rm NL}$ is taken into account. In this letter, we give a comprehensive analysis of the GWs induced by the local-type non-Gaussian curvature perturbations up to the third-order denoted by the non-linear parameter $G_{\rm NL}$, and find that a log-dependent slope of SIGWs in the infrared region is generically predicted and the amplitude of SIGWs can be further suppressed by several orders of magnitude. Therefore, the null-detection of SIGWs by LISA cannot rule out the possibility of PBHs making up all of DM.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures; version accepted for publication
Response of a Li-glass/multi-anode photomultiplier detector to focused proton and deuteron beams
Creators: name: Rofors, E.
name: Pallon, J.
name: Jebali, R. Al
name: Annand, J. R. M.
name: Boyd, L.
name: Christensen, M. J.
name: Clemens, U.
name: Desert, S.
name: Elfman, M.
name: Engels, R.
name: Fissum, K. G.
name: Frielinghaus, H.
name: Frost, R.
name: Gardner, S.
name: Gheorghe, C.
name: Hall-Wilton, R.
name: Jaksch, S.
name: Kanaki, K.
name: Kemmerling, G.
name: Kristiansson, P.
name: Livingston, K.
name: Maulerova, V.
name: Mauritzson, N.
name: Montgomery, R.
name: Perrey, H.
name: Richter, T.
name: Scherzinger, J.
name: Seitz, B.
name: Shetty, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The response of a position-sensitive Li-glass based scintillation detector to focused beams of 2.5 MeV protons and deuterons has been investigated. The beams were scanned across the detector in 0.5 mm horizontal and vertical steps perpendicular to the beams. Scintillation light was registered using an 8 by 8 pixel multi-anode photomultiplier tube. The signal amplitudes were recorded for each pixel on an event-by-event basis. Several pixels generally registered considerable signals at each beam location. The number of pixels above set thresholds were investigated, with the optimization of the single-hit efficiency over the largest possible area as the goal. For both beams, at a threshold of ~50% of the mean of the full-deposition peak, ~80% of the events were registered in a single pixel, resulting in an effective position resolution of ~5 mm in X and Y.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures, to be submitted to Nucl. Instr. and Meth. in Phys. Res. A
Is organic farming a chance for family farms to survive?
Creators: name: Ferto, Imre
name: Forgacs, Csaba
name: Ferto, Imre
name: Forgacs, Csaba
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Political Economy
subject: innovation
subject: attitudes
subject: organic production
subject: diffusion

description: The paper investigates the choice between conventional and organic production technologies for individual farmers in Hungarian agriculture. We employ sequential logit model on a cross-section data set of Hungarian farmers for the period 2007. Our estimations reveal that age of farmers has negative, whilst being full time farmers and having more diversified production structure have positive impact on the intention for being organic farmers. Furthermore, it appears that education, being full time farmers and more diversified production structure positively influence the final decision between conventional and organic farming.
Effect of mesoscopic inhomogeneities on local tunnelling density of states
Creators: name: Dell'Anna, L.
name: Lorenzana, J.
name: Capone, M.
name: Castellani, C.
name: Grilli, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We carry out a theoretical analysis of the momentum dependence of the Fourier-transformed local density of states (LDOS) in the superconducting cuprates within a model considering the interference of quasiparticles scattering on quenched impurities. The impurities introduce an external scattering potential, which is either nearly local in space or it can acquire a substantial momentum dependence due to a possible strong momentum dependence of the electronic screening near a charge modulation instability. The key new effect that we introduce is an additional mesoscopic disorder aiming to reproduce the inhomogeneities experimentally observed in scanning tunnelling microscopy. The crucial effect of this mesoscopic disorder is to give rise to point-like spectroscopic features, to be contrasted with the curve-like shape of the spectra previously calculated within the interfering-quasiparticle schemes. It is also found that stripe-like charge modulations play a relevant role to correctly reproduce all the spectral features of the experiments.
description: 11 pages and 5 figures
Formal credit institutions in agriculture of Kazakhstan (micro-econometric analysis)
Creators: name: Gaisina, Sholpan
name: Gaisina, Sholpan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Political Economy
subject: agricultural finance
subject: credit rationing
subject: micro-econometrics analysis

description: The financing of agricultural producers is one of the most acute problems along the entire scope of economic reforms in Kazakhstan. The issue is: What kind of financial sources could maintain the development of agricultural production? Internal sources such as profit, depreciation capital, and various reserve and insurance funds can not be considered as a key financial base. State financial support of agriculture in Kazakhstan (which plays a significant role in the most developed countries), is episodic in nature, small in size and typically does not reach the recipients. In these circumstances, a potential supplier of financial and investment resources could be a banking system and such non-banking credit institutions as credit cooperatives. Econometric analysis is used to analyze the determinants of credit access. Results suggest that access to subsidized credit has a significant role in determining access to bank credits and investment activity of agricultural enterprises. Major determinants of credit rationing are the size of arable land possessed by the agricultural enterprise and the cost of equipment, expressing an ability of borrower to use them as collateral.
“Making data matter with Daniel Wieferich” [edited interview transcript—blog post]. In Virapongse, A. (ed.), Making Data Matter (blog series).
Creators: name: Wieferich, Daniel
Publisher: name: ESIP
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 49999 Earth Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: ESIP is 20 years old! To celebrate, we interviewed ESIP community members on their perspectives on the progress of making Earth science data matter from over the last 20+ years. This is one in a series of interviews released over 2019. Original blog post: https://www.esipfed.org/esip-interviews/making-data-matter-with-daniel-wieferich.
“Making data matter with Bob Sandusky” [edited interview transcript—blog post]. In Virapongse, A. (ed.), Making Data Matter (blog series).
Creators: name: Sandusky, Bob
Publisher: name: ESIP
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 49999 Earth Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: ESIP is 20 years old! To celebrate, we interviewed ESIP community members on their perspectives on the progress of making Earth science data matter from over the last 20+ years. This is one in a series of interviews released over 2019. Original blog post: https://www.esipfed.org/esip-interviews/making-data-matter-with-bob-sandusky.
EDM constraints and CP asymmetries of B processes in supersymmetric models
Creators: name: Abel, S.
name: Khalil, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that electric dipole moments (EDMs) strongly constrain possible SUSY contributions to the CP asymmetries of B processes; LL and/or RR flavour mixings between second and third generations are severely restricted by the experimental limit on the mercury EDM, and so therefore are their possible contributions to the CP asymmetries of B --> ϕK and B --> η' K. We find that SUSY models with dominant LR and RL mixing through non-universal A-terms is the only way to accommodate the apparent deviation of CP asymmetries from those expected in the Standard Model without conflicting with the EDM bounds or with any other experimental results.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures
Lorentz and CPT tests with charge-to-mass ratio comparisons in Penning traps
Creators: name: Ding, Yunhua
name: Rawnak, Mohammad Farhan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Applications of the general theory of quantum electrodynamics with Lorentz- and CPT-violating operators of mass dimensions up to six are presented to Penning-trap experiments comparing charge-to-mass ratios between particles and antiparticles. Perturbation theory is used to derive Lorentz- and CPT-violating contributions to the energy levels and cyclotron frequencies of confined particles and antiparticles. We show that whether the experimental {\it interpreted} quantity $(|q|/m)_{\overline{w}}/(|q|/m)_{w} - 1$ is a clean measure of a CPT test depends on the context of the relevant theory. Existing experimental results of charge-to-mass ratio comparisons are used to obtain first-time constraints on 69 coefficients for Lorentz and CPT violation.
description: accepted in Phys. Rev. D
Bound states in the phase diagram of the extended Hubbard model
Creators: name: Bak, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The papaer shows how the known, exact results for the two electron bound states can modify the ground state phase diagram of extended Hubbard model (EHM) for on-site attraction, intersite repulsion and arbitrary electron density. The main result is suppression of the superconducting state in favor of normal phase for small charge densities.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures. Accepted for publication in physica status solidi (b) (C) (2004) WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
Integral equations for the spin-weighted spheroidal wave function
Creators: name: Tian, Guihua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Integral equations for the spin-weighted spheroidal wave functions is given. For the prolate spheroidal wave function with m=0, there exists the integral equation whose kernel is(sin x)/x, and the sinc function kernel (sin x)/x is of great mathematical significance. In the paper, we also extend the similar sinc function kernel (sin x)/x to the case m and s both are not zero, which interestingly turn out as some kind of Hankel transformation.
How Predictable are Prices of Agricultural Commodities? – The Possibilities and Constraints of Forecasting Wheat Prices
Creators: name: Holst, Carsten
name: Holst, Carsten
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Political Economy
subject: wheat price forecasts
subject: predictive accuracy
subject: Theil’s inequality coefficient

description: Wheat price forecasts are very important for traders, farmers and politicians as well. However, only quite accurate price predictions can guide these groups towards making the best decisions. Therefore the well-known wheat price projections of both the OECD and the FAPRI from 1996 on are tested for their predictive accuracy using Theil’s inequality coefficient. Despite the fact that both models could not foresee the price peak which occurred in February 2008, their predictions offer more accurate values than a naive prediction of no price change. Nevertheless, precise price forecasts cannot be expected by the models of the OECD and the FAPRI since some short-run effects such as inappropriate weather are not predictable. Thus, our own econometric model is developed taking the previous price development, the stocks-to-use-ratio and the crude oil price into account. In comparison to the projections of both institutions the model, with rather simple assumptions, was able to generate forecasts more accurately. In a simulation study which takes different crude oil price levels and stochastic effects of the world wheat consumption and the average yields per hectare into account, the possible wheat price range is shown as large. Therefore, price predictions can only inform about general long-run trends.
Ponderomotive Injection in Plasma Wakefield Accelerators
Creators: name: Zeng, Ming
name: de la Ossa, Alberto Martinez
name: Osterhoff, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new electron injection scheme is proposed in sub-relativistic plasma wakefield accelerators. A transverse laser ionizes a dopant gas and ponderomotively accelerates the released electrons in the direction of wake propagation. This process enables electron trapping in the wakefield even for a wakefield potential below the trapping threshold. We study the scheme theoretically and by means of particle-in-cell simulations to demonstrate high-quality beam formation and acceleration with sub-micrometer normalized emittances and sub-percent uncorrelated energy spreads.
John Frederick Nye - List of publications from John Frederick Nye. 26 February1923—8 January 2019
Creators: name: Berry, Michael
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: Applied Physics

description: John Nye was an internationally renowned physicist who made fundamental contributions to the understanding of crystals, ice and light. He explored defects in crystal structures, in particular continuous distributions of dislocations. He explained the mechanics of the flow of glaciers: their advance and retreat, and how this depends on the underlying topography; and how water flows beneath and within them. He was a pioneer in the study of optical singularities on three levels: stable caustics in geometrical optics; phase singularities (wavefront dislocations) in scalar waves; and lines of circular and linear polarization in electromagnetic fields.
Centralized versus Individual: Governance of Farmer Professional Cooperatives in China
Creators: name: Jia, Xiangping
name: Hu, Yamei
name: Hendrikse, George W.J.
name: Huang, Jikun
name: Jia, Xiangping
name: Hu, Yamei
name: Hendrikse, George W.J.
name: Huang, Jikun
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Political Economy
subject: Farmer
subject: Cooperatives
subject: Governance
subject: China

description: Based on a national representative survey conducted in 2009, this study shows that the decision-making within Farmer Professional Cooperatives (FPCs) in China is decentralized to individual farmers. However, there is a trend that the decision rights of farming are decomposed to marketing, production and input procuring. While the rights for production and input procuring stay with family farmers, marketing rights tend to be collectivized. Compared to FPCs having external initiating sources, FPCs initiated by farmers are more inclined to introduce centralized decision-making. The governance structure of FPCs in transition China presents hybrid forms of both hierarchy and family farming.
Geometric transport along circular orbits in stationary axisymmetric spacetimes
Creators: name: Bini, Donato
name: Cherubini, Christian
name: Cruciani, Gianluca
name: Jantzen, Robert T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Parallel transport along circular orbits in orthogonally transitive stationary axisymmetric spacetimes is described explicitly relative to Lie transport in terms of the electric and magnetic parts of the induced connection. The influence of both the gravitoelectromagnetic fields associated with the zero angular momentum observers and of the Frenet-Serret parameters of these orbits as a function of their angular velocity is seen on the behavior of parallel transport through its representation as a parameter-dependent Lorentz transformation between these two inner-product preserving transports which is generated by the induced connection. This extends the analysis of parallel transport in the equatorial plane of the Kerr spacetime to the entire spacetime outside the black hole horizon, and helps give an intuitive picture of how competing "central attraction forces" and centripetal accelerations contribute with gravitomagnetic effects to explain the behavior of the 4-acceleration of circular orbits in that spacetime.
description: 33 pages ijmpd latex article with 24 eps figures
Spin Oscillations in Storage Rings
Creators: name: Silenko, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dependence of the particle rotation frequency on the particle orbit perturbations is found. The exact equation of spin motion in the cylindrical coordinate system is derived. The calculated formula for the frequency of g-2 precession is in the best agreement with previous results. Nevertheless, this formula contains the additional oscillatory term that can be used for fitting. The influence of spin oscillations on the spin dynamics in the EDM experiment is negligible.
description: 5 pages. To appear in the proceedings of 16th International Spin Physics Symposium (SPIN 2004), Trieste, Italy, 10-16 Oct 2004
Intersecting Jones projections
Creators: name: Carpi, Sebastiano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let M be a von Neumann algebra on a Hilbert space H with a cyclic and separating unit vector Ωand let ωbe the faithful normal state on M given by ω(\cdot)=(Ω,\cdotΩ). Moreover, let {N_i :i\in I} be a family of von Neumann subalgebras of M with faithful normal conditional expectations E_i of M onto N_i satisfying ω=ω\circ E_i for all i\in I and let N=\bigcap_{i\in I} N_i. We show that the projections e_i, e of H onto the closed subspaces \bar{N_iΩ} and \bar{NΩ} respectively satisfy e=\bigwedge_{i\in I}e_i.This proves a conjecture of V.F.R. Jones and F. Xu in \cite{JonesXu04}.
PHENANTHRENE DERIVATIVES FOR USE AS MEDICAMENTS
Creators: name: López Castel, Arturo
Publisher: name: WIPO
Year: 2014

description: The present invention refers to phenanthrene derivatives for use as medicaments, in the prevention and/or treatment of Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1, Huntington's Disease Like 2, Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 8, Myotonic Dystrophy Type 2, Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3, Fragile-X- Associated Tremor/ Ataxia Syndrome, Frontotemporal Degeneration/Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 31. In a preferred embodiment, phenanthrene derivatives of the invention are also used as antimyotonic agents. Therefore, this invention may be included either in the whole pharmaceutical or medical field
Value added and governance structure: Evidence from the pear industry in China’s Zhejiang province
Creators: name: Liang, Qiao
name: Hendrikse, George W.J.
name: Huang, Zuhui
name: Liang, Qiao
name: Hendrikse, George W.J.
name: Huang, Zuhui
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Political Economy
subject: Farmer cooperatives
subject: Investor-owned firms
subject: Value added

description: Traditional farmer cooperatives, new generation farmer cooperatives, and investor-owned firms (IOFs), are compared regarding their value added and value added rate in terms of product marketing. The results of the analysis regarding the pear supply chain in Zhejiang province in China indicate that IOFs obtain a higher value added or value added rate than farmer cooperatives. New generation cooperatives mitigate the under-investment problem of traditional cooperatives in a certain extent. However, farmer cooperatives have some advantages over investor-owned firms in benefiting farmers.
Noticing Motion Patterns: Temporal CNN with a Novel Convolution Operator for Human Trajectory Prediction
Creators: name: Zhao, Dapeng
name: Oh, Jean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a Convolutional Neural Network-based approach to learn, detect,and extract patterns in sequential trajectory data, known here as Social Pattern Extraction Convolution (Social-PEC). A set of experiments carried out on the human trajectory prediction problem shows that our model performs comparably to the state of the art and outperforms in some cases. More importantly,the proposed approach unveils the obscurity in the previous use of pooling layer, presenting a way to intuitively explain the decision-making process.
description: Published by IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters (RA-L) (https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9309403)
MgII Absorbers in High Resolution Quasar Spectra. I. Voigt Profile Models
Creators: name: Churchill, Christopher W.
name: Evans, Jessica L.
name: Stemock, Bryson
name: Nielsen, Nikole M.
name: Kacprzak, Glenn G.
name: Murphy, Michael T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the Voigt profile (VP) models, column densities, Doppler b parameters, kinematics, and distribution of components for 422 MgII absorbers found in a survey of 249 HIRES and UVES quasar spectra. The equivalent width range of the sample is 0.006 < W_r(2796) < 6.23 angstroms (A) and the redshift range is 0.19 < z < 2.55, with a mean of = 1.18. Based on historical precedent, we classified 180 absorbers as weak systems (W_r(2796) < 0.3 A) and 242 as strong systems (W_r(2796) >= 0.3 A). Assuming a minimum number of significant components per system, the VP fitting, yielded a total of 2,989 components, with an average of 2.7 and 10.3 components found for the weak and strong MgII subsamples, respectively. The VP component line density for the full sample is 8.62 +/- 0.23 clouds/A. The distribution of VP component column density over the range 12.4 < log[N(MgII)] < 17.0 [ions cm^-2] is well modeled with a power-law slope of -1.45 +/- 0.01. The median Doppler b parameters are 4.5 +/- 3.5 km/s, 6.0 +/- 4.5 km/s and 5.7 +/- 4.4 km/s for the weak, strong, and full samples. We modeled the probability of component velocity splitting (the two-point velocity correlation function, TPCF) of our full sample using a three-component composite Gaussian function. Our resulting velocity dispersions are 25.4, 68.7, and 207.1 km/s, respectively. These data provide an excellent database for studying the cosmic evolution of MgII absorber kinematic evolution.
description: 22 pages, 9 figures, accepted to ApJ
Quality Provision and Governance Structure Variety: Pooling versus double markup
Creators: name: Liang, Qiao
name: Hendrikse, George W.J.
name: Huang, Zuhui
name: Liang, Qiao
name: Hendrikse, George W.J.
name: Huang, Zuhui
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Political Economy
subject: Quality
subject: Cooperatives
subject: Investor-Owned Firms

description: This paper examines how farmers producing differentiated quality products choose different governance structures in a non-cooperative game between farmers, enterprises, and consumers. A cooperative and an IOF (investor owned firm) coexist in equilibrium and low quality is delivered by the cooperative. The trade-off between pooling and the elimination of the double markup determines the attractiveness of cooperatives compared to IOFs.
Beta Chemokine expression in an in vitro model of the human blood-brain barrier
Creators: name: Chui, Ray
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: It is now well established that the interactions between endothelium and circulating white blood cells are of critical importance in the evolution of an inflammatory response. Chemokines are small chemoattractant cytokines with the unique ability to stimulate and guide the movement of specific classes of inflammatory cells to sites of inflammation. The role of chemokines in CNS inflammation has not been fully elucidated. Over the last decade, various studies have suggested that CCL2(MCP-1) and CCL3 (MIP-1α) are major players in multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalitis (EAE). The aim of the present study is to investigate the expression and cytokine upregulation of CCL2 and CCL3 by human brain microvessel endothelial cells (HBMEC), an in vitro model of the human bloodbrain barrier. Primary cultures of HBMEC grown to confluence were stimulated with TNFα, IFNγ, IL-1β or LPS for 24-72 h. RNA expression was confirmed by RT-PCR and intracellular protein expression was detected with immunogold silver staining (IGSS). Protein release was quantitated with ELISA. CCL2 RNA levels were similar in both unstimulated and cytokine-treated cells. CCL3 RNA was upregulated upon cytokine stimulation. IGSS confirmed chemokine expression in both unstimulated and cytokinetreated cells. The basal release of CCL2 by resting HBMEC was significantly upregulated after cytokine treatment in a concentration and time-dependent manner. ELISA of the supernatants showed CCL3 release only after stimulation. Immunoelectron microscopy studies show chemokine binding to the apical and basal surfaces of HBMEC. These studies suggest that the cerebral endothelium may play an active role in the initiation, selective recruitment and activation of circulating lymphocytes and monocytes during CNS inflammation.
Optical Interferometry with the Very Large Telescope - Application to Cepheid stars
Creators: name: Kervella, Pierre
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2001
Subjects: Astrophysics
Instrumentation
Interferometry
Cepheids
Distance scale
VINCI
VLTI

description: Installed at the heart of the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI, located on top of the Cerro Paranal, in northern Chile), the VINCI instrument allows to combine coherently the infrared light coming from two separate telescopes. Therefore, it opens an access to very high angular resolution observations of the sky (down to a few milliarcseconds). Many important astrophysical questions will be adressed by this instrumen t: the physics of stars, protoplanetary disks and extrasolar planets, among other programs. My thesis work on the VINCI instrument has covered its conception, in particular the functionnal definition of its software system, its installation on top of the Cerro Paranal and its first scientific observations. In the first part of this document, I describe the principles of the beam combination with VINCI and its performances both in the laboratory and in real observational conditions. In a second part, I describe the application of long-baseline optical interferometry to the study of the Cepheid variable stars. These pulsating supergiants play a fundamental role in the measurement of distances in the Universe, since it has been established that their photometric variation period it linked to their intrinsic luminosity through the famous period-luminosity relationship. The calibration of this relation requires that the distance to a number of nearby Cepheids is measured directly, unfortunately, these distances are currently poorly known, even to the closest Cepheids. The very high angular resolution allowed by VINCI and the VLTI will soon enable the refined study of the pulsation of the nearby Cepheids. By combining simultaneous observations of the radial velocity of their photosphere with angular diameter measurements, it will be possible to estimate directly their distance. The goal of this program: the calibration of the period-luminosity relationship with a precision better than 0,01 mag, a factor ten better than our current knowledge. In addition to this fundamental program, I decribe also the possibilities offered by VINCI for the study of the main sequence dwarfs, in particular solar-type stars (with an application to the binary star Aplha Centauri A and B), and I briefly discuss the case of the extrasolar giant planets.
description: This PhD thesis is written in french.
New photometric observations of RZ LMi
Creators: name: Voloshina, Irina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Stellar astronomy

description: We report CCD photometric observations of RZ LMi, a SU Uma-type dwarf nova. Objects of this type have a short orbital period (less than 2.5 hours) and exhibit two types of outbursts,- normal and superoutbursts, which are usually brighter than normal ones. During a superoutburst, such systems exhibit light modulations called superhumps, the period of which is slightly longer than the orbital period of the system. Superoutbursts in the RZ LMi system occur regularly approximately every 19 days and last about 10 days. During such events, the system's V magnitude increases from 16.5 to 14 mag. Superhumps were detected early in the RZ LMi light curve during superoutbursts with a period of 0.05946 days. Our observations carried out both during superoutbursts and in the quiescent state. The new photometric measurements of this star, carried out with the 50-cm telescope of the Terskol Observatory INASAN in the V band, together with our previous observations obtained with the 60-cm telescope of the Sternberg Astronomical Institute Observatory in Crimea are analysed. Our observations clearly show the existence of superhumps during a superoutburst in the light curves of RZ LMi. We also detect periodic variations in brightness in the quite state. The average period of the superhumps, together with the period of these brightness variations, was determined from our data.
Blow Up for the Semilinear Wave Equation in Schwarzschild Metric
Creators: name: Catania, Davide
name: Georgiev, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35L70, 35L05, 58J45

description: We study the semilinear wave equation in Schwarzschild metric (3+1 dimensional space--time). First, we establish that the problem is locally well--posed in $\cs H^σ$ for any $σ\geq 1$; then we prove the blow up of the solution for every real $p \in ]1,1+\sqrt{2}[$ and non--negative non--trivial initial data.
description: some typos are corrected and some references are added