cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Azimuthal asymmetry of J/Psi suppression in non-central heavy-ion collisions
Creators: name: Wang, Xin-Nian
name: Yuan, Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The azimuthal asymmetry of $J/ψ$ suppression in non-central heavy-ion collisions is studied within a dynamic model of $J/ψ$ suppression in a deconfined partonic medium. Within this model, $J/ψ$ suppression in heavy-ion collisions is caused mainly by the initial state nuclear absorption and dissociation via gluon-$J/ψ$ scattering in deconfined partonic medium. Only the second mechanism gives arise to azimuthal asymmetry of the final $J/ψ$ production. We demonstrate that if there is an onset of suppression by quark-gluon plasma (QGP) in the NA50 data, it must be accompanied by the non-vanishing azimuthal asymmetry. Using the same critical density above which the QGP effect enters, we predict the azimuthal asymmetric coefficient $v_2$ as well as the survival probability for $J/ψ$ at the RHIC energy.
description: 10 pages, 2 EPS figures, final version in Phys. Lett. B
Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors versus that of angiotensin receptor blockers on survival in patients undergoing hemodialysis: a nationwide observational cohort study
Creators: name: Kang, Seok Hui
name: Kim, Gui Ok
name: Kim, Bo Yeon
name: Son, Eun Jung
name: Young, Jun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: This study aimed to evaluate the patient survival rates based on the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) or angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) in a large cohort of patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (HD). Data from a national HD quality assessment program were used in this retrospective study. The patients were classified into four groups based on the use of renin-angiotensin system blockers (RASBs) as follows: No group, patients without a prescription of any anti-hypertensive drugs including RASBs; Other group, patients with a prescription of anti-hypertensive drugs excluding RASBs; ACEI group, patients with a prescription of an ACEI; and ARB group, patients with a prescription of an ARB. The 5-year survival rates in the no, other, ACEI, and ARB groups were 68.6%, 67.8%, 70.6%, and 69.2%, respectively. The ACEI group had the best patient survival trend among the four groups. In multivariable Cox regression analyses, no differences were observed between the ACEI and ARB groups. Among young patients and patients without diabetes or heart disease, the ACEI group had the best patient survival among the four groups. However, among patients with DM or heart disease, the ARB group had the best patient survival. Our study found that patients receiving ACEI and ARB had comparable survival. However, patients receiving ARB had better survival in the subgroups of patients with DM or heart disease, and patients receiving ACEI had better survival in the subgroup of young patients or patients without diabetes or heart disease.
title: Utopia e mito nos jornais portugueses em Londres (1808-1822)
Creators: name: Munaro, Luís Francisco
Publisher: name: ICNOVA, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa
Year: 2021

description: Como os jornalistas portugueses, por meio de seus jornais, utilizaram utopias e mitos para refletir a enorme imprecisão do tabuleiro europeu no início do século XIX? Com a insegurança gerada pela aceleração do tempo e a implosão das realidades nacionais durante a expansão napoleônica, os jornalistas buscaram se refugiar em tempos e espaços estáveis, para tanto entrecruzando a tradição inerente à nação, as promessas da razão e, não menos importante, a utopia e as mitologias políticas. Os periódicos que darão sustentação a este estudo, e que foram fundamentais no delineamento de uma esfera pública em língua portuguesa, englobam a produção de Hipólito José da Costa (Correio Braziliense entre 1808 e 1822), João Bernardo da Rocha Loureiro (O Português entre 1814 e 1822 e O Espelho entre 1813 e 1814) e José Liberato (O Investigador entre 1814 e 1819 e O Campeão Portu- guês entre 1819 e 1821). A análise dos periódicos está dividida em três seções, cada uma delas dedicada a um jorna- lista: Hipólito da Costa permite ver uma utopia que tem como cerne o paraíso idílico no Brasil, terra caracterizada pela promessa da virgindade e da distância do caos europeu; João Bernardo da Rocha Loureiro, em seu retorno ao caráter pastoril e ao mesmo tempo imperial de Portugal no século XV, busca reavivar a grandeza pretérita do povo lusitano nas páginas de seus dois jornais; José Liberato, por fim, por meio de uma razão que se atrela à virtude religiosa, imagina a política portuguesa como um mecanismo revitalizado. O avanço desse raciocínio mostra que a utopia é uma característica inerente de jornais criados no espaço da modernidade, mas que, apesar do seu apelo constante à razão, ela persiste fundada e atravessada por várias formas de mitologia política. Palavras-chave: jornalismo português; iluminismo; utopia política; Correio Braziliense; João Bernardo da Rocha Loureiro.
description: Munaro, Luís Francisco (2021). Utopia e mito nos jornais portugueses em Londres (1808-1822). In Pena-Rodríguez, A., Hohlfeldt A. (Coords.), Para uma história do jornalismo português no mundo. ICNOVA. ISBN: 978-989-9048-08-9, 978-989-9048-09-6.
Electromagnetic Polarization Effects due to Axion Photon Mixing
Creators: name: Jain, Pankaj
name: Panda, Sukanta
name: Sarala, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effect of axions on the polarization of electromagnetic waves as they propagate through astronomical distances. We analyze the change in the dispersion of the electromagnetic wave due to its mixing with axions. We find that this leads to a shift in polarization and turns out to be the dominant effect for a wide range of frequencies. We analyze whether this effect or the decay of photons into axions can explain the large scale anisotropies which have been observed in the polarizations of quasars and radio galaxies. We also comment on the possibility that the axion-photon mixing can explain the dimming of distant supernovae.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure
The Subjectivity of Student Success: Instructor's Perceptions of the Ideal Student in a Compensatory Program for Minority Youth
Creators: name: Wiggins, Yolanda M
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2014

description: Student success has been understood primarily in the context of conventional classroom settings. Yet, despite the prevalence of pre-college programs in the lives of disadvantaged students, few studies explore how notions of success are conceptualized within these spaces. This study explores what counts as student success in a pre-college program from the perspective of those facilitating the program. Using archival program data consisting of 524 student performance evaluations, this study asks, In a program designed to remedy or level the playing field for historically disadvantaged students, what behaviors, attitudes, and outcomes count as success? The findings of this study suggest that what counts as student success and who is considered an ideal student is constructed by instructor’s perceptions and assessments of both student’s cognitive abilities and non-cognitive qualities. This study also shows that mainstream and stereotypical judgments about effort, character, and success more broadly persist even in spaces intended to supplement and, in many ways, serve as an alternative to traditional academic settings.
Additional file 2 of De novo transcriptome analysis and comparative expression profiling of genes associated with the taste-modifying protein neoculin in Curculigo latifolia and Curculigo capitulata fruits
Creators: name: Okubo, Satoshi
name: Kaede Terauchi
name: Okada, Shinji
name: Saito, Yoshikazu
name: Yamaura, Takao
name: Misaka, Takumi
name: Ken-Ichiro Nakajima
name: Abe, Keiko
name: Asakura, Tomiko
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Supplemental Figure 2. Distribution of transcripts per million (TPM) values of the assembled transcripts from C. latifolia (purple) and C. capitulata (orange) fruits. Average, median and mode of C. latifolia were 11.7, 1.6, and 2, respectively, and those of C. capitulata, 13.0, 1.9, and 2, respectively
Textual Analysis of Two Translated Transcripts: 2012 Presidential Debate and a Speech Presented by Cyrille de Lasteyrie
Creators: name: Witty, Laryssa M
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2014

description: Delia Chiaro (2010) describes humor in two broad categories: referential and verbal. The former focuses on the meaning of a story or event and the humor embedded within. In the case of the latter, idiosyncratic features such as word play displays humorous undertones. This Master’s thesis examines oral text transformation to another language via transcription. The transcripts themselves consist of 10 minutes of the 2012 Presidential debate between François Hollande and Nicolas Sarkozy and 10 minutes of a monologue presented by French animator Cyrille de Lasteyrie. Both transcripts are linked by the commonality of humor and exhibit the two categories previously outlined. Additional attention will be given to the translation challenges that arose such as: transferring the overall meaning of each idea, maintaining as much of the humor within the text as possible and conveying each speaker’s style. This study aims to provide future translators guidance in their translation endeavors by pinpointing scholarly research and discussing the various translator techniques implemented in overcoming challenges such as metaphors and collocations.
MOESM3 of Exome resequencing and GWAS for growth, ecophysiology, and chemical and metabolomic composition of wood of Populus trichocarpa
Creators: name: Guerra, Fernando
name: Haktan Suren
name: Holliday, Jason
name: Richards, James
name: Fiehn, Oliver
name: Famula, Randi
name: Stanton, Brian
name: Shuren, Richard
name: Sykes, Robert
name: Davis, Mark
name: Neale, David
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 3: Figure S1. Linkage disequilibrium decay per chromosome.
title: A imprensa portuguesa no exílio europeu no entre-guerras (1927-1939)
Creators: name: Clímaco, Cristina
Publisher: name: ICNOVA, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa
Year: 2021

description: A oposição à ditadura militar e ao Estado Novo vê na imprensa um poderoso meio de propaganda em favor do regime republicano. Em Portugal, a repressão política e a censura à imprensa condicionam a discussão em torno da nova República, pelo que esta passará pela imprensa do exílio e será o ferro de lança da esquerda republicana. Instrumento de doutrinação republicana e de luta política contra a ditadura militar e o Estado Novo, a imprensa do exílio desposa as fracturas das correntes republicanas oposicionistas, tendo nelas as suas limitações, e condicionando por isso a publicação de A Revolta, A Liberdade e A Verdade. A vitória eleitoral da Frente Popular em Espanha, em Fevereiro de 1936, e em França, em Abril desse mesmo ano, criam um contexto favorável à publicação de um novo jornal pelo republicanismo exilado, mas é o desencadear da guerra de guerra civil em Espanha e a necessidade do governo republicano de multiplicar os suportes da propaganda antifascista que darão o estimulo final à publicação do Unir, órgão da Frente Popular Portuguesa (FPP) e de Liberdade, este ligado ao antifascismo de carácter anarquista, que se publicarão em Paris entre 1937 e 1939. No caso da imprensa exilada anarquista, para além de servir de elo de união entre os dispersos núcleos de exilados, procura ser também uma janela aberta para o exterior dos movimentos anarquista e anarco-sindicalista em Portugal, a sofrer grande repressão no interior do país. Entre 1932 e 1938 é publicado em Espanha o jornal Rebelião, órgão da FAPE, e o boletim, A Voz do Núcleo, órgão do Núcleo Cultural Português de Madrid. “Armas de papel” da oposição no exílio, as publicações editadas no exterior entre 1927 e 1939 tornaram-se “monumentos de papel» da resistência antifascista, constituindo uma alavanca para o emergir da memória das oposições à ditadura militar e ao Estado Novo no entre-guerras. Palavras-chave: Imprensa antifascista, Imprensa anarquista, Imprensa republicana, Unir, Exílio no entre-guerras
description: Clímaco, C (2021). A imprensa portuguesa no exílio europeu no entre-guerras (1927-1939). In Pena-Rodríguez, A., Hohlfeldt A. (Coords.), Para uma história do jornalismo português no mundo (pp. 49-88). ICNOVA. ISBN: 978-989-9048-08-9, 978-989-9048-09-6
Pachygrapsus gracilis
Creators: name: Coelho, Petrônio Alves
name: Almeida, Alexandre Oliveira De
name: Bezerra, Luis Ernesto Arruda
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Grapsidae
Pachygrapsus
Pachygrapsus gracilis

description: Pachygrapsus gracilis (Saussure, 1858)
 Western Atlantic: Gulf of Mexico (Texas), Caribbean, French Guyana to Argentina. Eastern Atlantic: Senegal to Angola (Melo 1996; Poupin et al. 2005).
 Occurrence in northern and northeastern Brazil: PA: Barros et al. (1997); MA: Coelho & Ramos-Porto (1980); RN: Ferreira & Sankarankutty (2002); PB: Rathbun (1900); PE: Coelho (1964); AL: Souza et al. (2000); BA: Rathbun (1918).
description: Published as part of Coelho, Petrônio Alves, Almeida, Alexandre Oliveira De & Bezerra, Luis Ernesto Arruda, 2008, Checklist of the marine and estuarine Brachyura (Crustacea: Decapoda) of northern and northeastern Brazil, pp. 1-58 in Zootaxa 1956 (1) on page 39, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1956.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5241063
Impedance Measurement of Small Antennas Over a Ground Plane Without Direct Cable Attachment
Creators: name: Yang, Yutong
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2014

description: An indirect impedance measurement approach that does not require direct cable attachment or large space using a two-port network is presented. Using a straight wire monopole as an interrogating antenna and measured impedances of three calibration standards, the input impedance of a small spherical helix dipole over a ground plane is retrieved. It is found that accurate result is obtained around the dipole resonance frequency. The accuracy and sources of error are discussed.
Doubly Charged Higgs Boson Production at Hadron Colliders
Creators: name: Fuks, Benjamin
name: Nemevšek, Miha
name: Ruiz, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematic comparison of doubly charged Higgs boson production mechanisms at hadron colliders in the context of the Type II Seesaw model, emphasizing the importance of higher-order corrections and subdominant channels. We consider the Drell-Yan channel at next-to-leading order in QCD, photon fusion at leading order, gluon fusion with resummation of threshold logarithms up to next-to-next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy, and same-sign weak boson fusion at next-to-leading order in QCD. For Drell-Yan processes, we study the impact of a static jet veto at next-to-leading order matched to the resummation of jet veto scale logarithms at next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy. For the photon fusion channel, the dependence on modeling photon parton distribution functions is definitively assessed. To model vector boson fusion at next-to-leading order, we include all interfering topologies at $\mathcal{O}(α^4)$ and propose a method for introducing generator-level cuts within the MC@NLO formalism. Our results are obtained using a Monte Carlo tool chain linking the \textsc{FeynRules}, \textsc{NloCT} and \textsc{MadGraph5\_aMC@NLO} programs and have necessitated the development of new, publicly available, Universal FeynRules Output libraries that encode the interactions between the Type II Seesaw scalars and Standard Model particles. Libraries are compatible with both the normal and inverted ordering of Majorana neutrino masses.
description: Journal version (27 pages, seven figures). Extended discussions on uncertainties and discovery potential. Type II Seesaw NLO FeynRules UFO available from https://feynrules.irmp.ucl.ac.be/wiki/TypeIISeesaw
Additional file 4 of De novo transcriptome analysis and comparative expression profiling of genes associated with the taste-modifying protein neoculin in Curculigo latifolia and Curculigo capitulata fruits
Creators: name: Okubo, Satoshi
name: Kaede Terauchi
name: Okada, Shinji
name: Saito, Yoshikazu
name: Yamaura, Takao
name: Misaka, Takumi
name: Ken-Ichiro Nakajima
name: Abe, Keiko
name: Asakura, Tomiko
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Supplemental Figure 3. Gene Ontology (GO) annotation of transcripts from C. latifolia (purple) and C. capitulata (orange) fruits. In total, 28,100 (C. latifolia) and 29,614 (C. capitulata) transcripts were classified based on GO terms. No significant differences were observed between the two species
Complete Reconstruction of the Neutralino System
Creators: name: Kalinowski, Jan
name: Moortgat--Pick, Gudrid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Consecutively to the chargino system, $\tilde{chi}^pm$, in which the SU(2) gaugino parameter $M_2$, the higgsino mass parameter $μ$ and $\tanβ$ can be determined, the remaining fundamental supersymmetry parameter, the U(1) gaugino mass $M_1$ can be analysed in the neutralino system, $\tildeχ^0$, including its modulus and phase in CP--noninvariant theories. First experimental hints on CP violation can be seen in the threshold behaviour of neutralino production.
description: 3 pages, 3 eps figures, Contribution to Snowmass 2001 Summer Study
Interface optical phonons in spheroidal dots: Raman selection rules
Creators: name: Comas, F.
name: Trallero-Giner, C.
name: Studart, Nelson
name: Marques, G. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The contribution of interface phonons to the first order Raman scattering in nanocrystals with non spherical geometry is analyzed. Interface optical phonons in the spheroidal geometry are discussed and the corresponding Frohlich-like electron-phonon interaction is reported in the framework of the dielectric continuum approach. It is shown that the interface phonon modes are strongly dependent on the nanocrystal geometry, particularly on the ellipsoid's semi-axis ratio. The new Raman selection rules have revealed that solely interface phonon modes with even angular momentum are allowed to contribute to the first order phonon-assisted scattering of light. On this basis we are able to give an explanation for the observed low frequency shoulders present in the Raman cross-section of several II-VI semiconductor nanostructures.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures
Quantum Brownian motion of a heavy quark pair in the quark-gluon plasma
Creators: name: Miura, Takahiro
name: Akamatsu, Yukinao
name: Asakawa, Masayuki
name: Rothkopf, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study the real-time evolution of heavy quarkonium in the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) on the basis of the open quantum systems approach. In particular, we shed light on how quantum dissipation affects the dynamics of the relative motion of the quarkonium state over time. To this end we present a novel non-equilibrium master equation for the relative motion of quarkonium in a medium, starting from Lindblad operators derived systematically from quantum field theory. In order to implement the corresponding dynamics, we deploy the well established quantum state diffusion method. In turn we reveal how the full quantum evolution can be cast in the form of a stochastic non-linear Schrödinger equation. This for the first time provides a direct link from quantum chromodynamics (QCD) to phenomenological models based on non-linear Schrödinger equations. Proof of principle simulations in one-dimension show that dissipative effects indeed allow the relative motion of the constituent quarks in a quarkonium at rest to thermalize. Dissipation turns out to be relevant already at early times well within the QGP lifetime in relativistic heavy ion collisions.
description: 26pages, 7figures; added some sentences
Prognosis and factors related to severe secondary hyperparathyroidism in long-term peritoneal dialysis patients
Creators: name: Li, Yanmei
name: Feng, Xiaonan
name: Chen, Na
name: Song, Shuhua
name: Yu, Min
name: Wang, Yan
name: Zhang, Hongxia
name: Wang, Li
name: Chen, Menghua
name: Tian, Na
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) can progress to severe SHPT (sSHPT), which affects the survival rate and quality of life of patients. This retrospective cohort study investigated risk factors for sSHPT and the association between SHPT and mortality (all-cause and infection-related) among 771 clinically stable patients (421 male patients; mean age, 51.2 years; median dialysis vintage, 28.3 months) who underwent >3 months of regular peritoneal dialysis (PD) between January 2013 and March 2021. The sSHPT and non-sSHPT groups comprised 75 (9.7%) (median progression, 35 months) and 696 patients, respectively. sSHPT was defined as a serum intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) level >800 pg/mL observed three times after active vitamin D pulse therapy. The influence of sSHPT on the prognosis of and risk factors for sSHPT progression were evaluated using logistic and Cox regression analyses. After adjusting for confounding factors, higher (each 100-pg/mL increase) baseline PTH levels (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.206–1.649, p < .001), longer (each 1-year increase) dialysis vintages (95% CI 1.013–1.060, p = .002), higher concomitant diabetes rates (95% CI 1.375–10.374, p = .010), and lower (each 1-absolute unit decrease) Kt/V values (95% CI 0.859–0.984, p = .015) were independent risk factors for progression to sSHPT in patients on PD. During follow-up, 211 deaths occurred (sSHPT group, n = 35; non-sSHPT group, n = 176). The sSHPT group had significantly higher infection-related mortality rates than the non-sSHPT group (12.0% vs. 4.3%; p < .05), and sSHPT was associated with increased infection-related mortality. In conclusion, patients with sSHPT are at higher risk for death and infection-related mortality than patients without sSHPT.
title: A imprensa e o jornalismo português em França
title: da implantação da Primeira República à Revolução dos Cravos de 1974
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Pereira, Victor
Publisher: name: ICNOVA, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa
Year: 2021

description: A vinda de perto de um milhão de portugueses em França entre 1910 e 1974 levou ao nascimento de cerca de 160 títulos de imprensa portugueses, jornais ou revistas frequentemente efémeros, com pequenas tiragens e com uma periodicidade irregular. Estes títulos foram publicados principalmente entre 1964 e 1974, na última década do Estado Novo, durante a fase de imigração massiva de emigrantes e exilados portugueses em França. Durante esta década, apareceram 150 títulos em França. Este texto analisa a história da imprensa portuguesa em França, articulando-a com a história da emigração e do exílio político. Palavras-chave: Imprensa, França, Emigração, Transnacionalismo, Exílio.
description: Pereira, V. (2021). A imprensa e o jornalismo português em França: da implantação da Primeira República à Revolução dos Cravos de 1974. In Pena-Rodríguez, A., Hohlfeldt A. (Coords.), Para uma história do jornalismo português no mundo (pp. 89-154). ICNOVA. ISBN: 978-989-9048-08-9, 978-989-9048-09-6
Design of a Passive Exoskeleton Spine
Creators: name: Zhang, Haohan
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2014

description: ABSTRACT
DESIGN OF A PASSIVE EXOSKELETON SPINE

SEPTEMBER 2014

HAOHAN ZHANG, B.E.M.E, DALIAN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY

M.S.M.E., UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST

Directed by: Professor Frank C. Sup IV

In this thesis, a passive exoskeleton spine was designed and evaluated by a series of biomechanics simulations. The design objectives were to reduce the human operator’s back muscle efforts and the intervertebral reaction torques during a full range sagittal plane spine flexion/extension. The biomechanics simulations were performed using the OpenSim modeling environment. To manipulate the simulations, a full body musculoskeletal model was created based on the OpenSim gait2354 and “lumbar spine” models. To support flexion and extension of the torso a “push-pull” strategy was proposed by applying external pushing and pulling forces on different locations on the torso. The external forces were optimized via simulations and then a physical exoskeleton prototype was built to evaluate the “push-pull” strategy in vivo. The prototype was tested on three different subjects where the sEMG and inertial data were collected to estimate the muscle force reduction and intervertebral torque reduction. The prototype assisted the users in sagittal plane flexion/extension and reduced the average muscle force and intervertebral reaction torque by an average of 371 N and 29 Nm, respectively.
MOESM1 of Time trends (1995â€“2008) in dietary habits among adolescents in relation to the Norwegian school fruit scheme: the HUNT study
Creators: name: Hovdenak, Ingrid
name: Bere, Elling
name: Stea, Tonje
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Odds ratio for daily consumption of fruit stratified by group. (DOCX 22 kb)
Investigating Teenage Drivers' Driving Behavior before and after LAG (Less Aggressive Goals) Training Program
Creators: name: Zhang, Jingyi
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2014

description: Motor vehicle crashes are a leading cause of death during adolescence, with the fatal crash rate per mile-driven for 16-19 years old drivers being nearly 3 times larger than the rate for drivers age 20 and older. High gravitational events among teenage drivers, such as quick starts, and hard stops, have been shown to be highly correlated with crash rates. The current younger driver training programs developed in the late 1990s, however, do not appear to be especially effective in regard to many skills which are critical to avoiding crashes. With this in mind, a simulator-based training program aimed at reducing the behaviors that make quick accelerations unsafe and quick decelerations unnecessary was designed and evaluated. The training adopts the active training strategy which has been proven to be effective, and includes those scenarios in which teenage drivers are at highest risks. It is expected that drivers who receive the active training will drive more safely than drivers who receive the placebo training, in terms of eye scanning behaviors in scenarios where quick accelerations are necessary (e.g., how often they glance towards areas where threats could emerge), following behaviors in scenarios where a lead vehicle could stop suddenly (e.g., how much headway they allow between their vehicle and a lead vehicle), and vehicle behaviors such as speed, acceleration rate, deceleration rate and headway.
Additional file 1 of Antibacterial and physicomechanical properties of cellulosic nonwovens functionalized with chitosan: a study on interaction effects of influencing factors and assessment methods
Creators: name: Gebeyehu, Esubalew Kasaw
name: Shresth, Rekha
name: Saha, Tonmoy
name: Tienaho, Jenni
name: Jauhiainen, Ulla
name: Tarhini, Ali Amin
name: Tehrani-Bagha, Ali Reza
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1.
Properties of Potential Substrates of a Cyanobacterial Small Heat Shock Protein
Creators: name: Zhang, Yichen
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2014

description: Most proteins must fold into native three-dimensional structures to be functional. But, newly synthesized proteins are at high risk of misfolding and aggregating in the cell. Stress, disease or mutations can also cause protein aggregation. A cyanobacterial small heat shock protein, Hsp16.6, can act as a chaperone to prevent irreversible protein aggregation during heat stress. This thesis is focused on the properties of proteins that were associated with Hsp16.6 during heat stress, and which therefore may be “substrates” of Hsp16.6. Bioinformatics were used to determine if Hsp16.6 preferentially binds to proteins with certain properties, and biochemical studies were performed to investigate how the substrates actually behave with Hsp16.6 during heat stress. It was found that Hsp16.6 preferentially binds to proteins with higher molecular weight, higher acidity, higher percentage of charged residues (especially negatively charged residues), and a lower percentage of hydrophobic residues compared to all proteins encoded by the Synechocystis genome. Proteins bound to Hsp16.6 were also slightly enriched in VQL motifs. The potential substrate fructose bisphosphate aldolase class II (FBA) was expressed in E.coli and purified. FBA could be protected by Hsp16.6 from aggregation through forming a complex with Hsp16.6 during heat stress in vitro, consistent with it being a substrate of Hsp16.6. Another potential substrate, elongation factor G1 (EF-G1) was also expressed in E.coli and purified. EF-G1 did not form insoluble aggregates even at 47°C, but circular dichroism spectroscopy revealed the secondary structure has melted at this temperature, and the protein eluted earlier than unheated protein on size exclusion chromatography. Thus, EF-G1 appears heat sensitive, and may also be an in vivo substrate of Hsp16.6. Lastly, in vivo study studies were performed to determine the amount of FBA and EF-G1 in Synechocystis cells. Both proteins are abundant, with FBA levels (around 2% of total cell protein) being about twice that of EF-G1. Further in vivo experiments will be needed to confirm that FBA and EF-G1 are substrates of Hsp16.6. 
Proposal for the aerogel Cherenkov counters for the PEP-N detector
Creators: name: Barnyakov, M. Yu.
name: Bobrovnikov, V. S.
name: Buzykaev, A. R.
name: Kolachev, G. M.
name: Kononov, S. A.
name: Kravchenko, E. A.
name: Minakov, G. D.
name: Onuchin, A. P.
name: Danilyuk, A. F.
name: Guber, F. F.
name: Kurepin, A. B.
name: Krasnov, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The work is devoted to the development of the aerogel Cherenkov counters with the light collection on wavelength shifters and PMTs (ASHIPH). The ASHIPH system has been developed for the KEDR detector. Tests of the counters have been carried out on the Dubna accelerator, the pi/K separation obtained is about 4 sigma. The ASHIPH system is suggested for the PEP-N detector.
description: Talk at e+e- Physics at Intermediate Energies Workshop, SLAC, Stanford, USA, 30 April - 2 May 2001, (PSN T15), 6 pages, 14 figures, 2 tables, a figure replaced, typos corrected
Optical and photoemission investigation of structural and magnetic transitions in the iron-based superconductor Sr$_\mathbf{0.67}$Na$_\mathbf{0.33}$Fe$_\mathbf{2}$As$_\mathbf{2}$
Creators: name: Yang, R.
name: Huang, J. W.
name: Zaki, N.
name: Pletikosic, I.
name: Dai, Y. M.
name: Xiao, H.
name: Valla, T.
name: Johnson, P. D.
name: Zhou, X. J.
name: Qiu, X. G.
name: Homes, C. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the temperature-dependent optical conductivity and ARPES studies of the iron-based superconductor (SC) Sr$_{0.67}$Na$_{0.33}$Fe$_2$As$_2$ in the high-temperature tetragonal paramagnetic phase; below the structural and magnetic transitions at $T_{\rm N}\simeq$125 K in the orthorhombic spin-density-wave (SDW)-like phase, and $T_r\simeq$42 K in the reentrant tetragonal double-Q magnetic phase where both charge and SDW order exist; and below the SC transition at $T_c\simeq$10 K. The free-carrier component in the optical conductivity is described by two Drude contributions; one strong and broad, the other weak and narrow. The broad Drude component decreases dramatically below $T_{\rm N}$ and $T_r$, with much of its strength being transferred to a bound excitation in the mid-infrared, while the narrow Drude component shows no anomalies at either of the transitions, actually increasing in strength at low temperature while narrowing dramatically. The behavior of an infrared-active mode suggests zone-folding below $T_r$. Below $T_c$ the dramatic decrease in the low-frequency optical conductivity signals the formation of a SC energy gap. ARPES reveals hole-like bands at the center of the Brillouin zone (BZ), with both electron- and hole-like bands at the corners. Below $T_{\rm N}$, the hole pockets at the center of the BZ decrease in size, consistent with the behavior of the broad Drude component; while below $T_r$ the electron-like bands shift and split, giving rise to a low-energy excitation in the optical conductivity at ~20 meV. The magnetic states, with resulting SDW and charge-SDW order, respectively, lead to a significant reconstruction of the Fermi surface that has profound implications for the transport originating from the electron and hole pockets, but appears to have relatively little impact on the SC in this material.
description: 11 pages with 6 figures; 7 pages of supplementary material
Attention Modulates ERP Indices of the Precedence Effect
Creators: name: Zobel, Benjamin H.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2014

description: When presented with two identical sounds from different locations separated by a short onset asynchrony, listeners report hearing a single source at the location of the lead sound, a phenomenon called the precedence effect (Wallach et al., 1949; Haas, 1951). When the onset asynchrony is above echo threshold, listeners report hearing the lead and lag sounds as separate sources with distinct locations. Event-related potential (ERP) studies have shown that perception of separate sound sources is accompanied by an object-related negativity (ORN) 100-250 ms after onset and a late posterior positivity (LP) 300-500 ms after onset (Sanders et al., 2008; Sanders et al., 2011). The current study tested whether these ERP effects are modulated by attention. Clicks were presented in lead/lag pairs at and around listeners’ echo thresholds while in separate blocks they 1) attended to the sounds and reported if they heard the lag sound as a separate source, and 2) performed a difficult 2-back visual task. Replicating previous results, when attention was directed to the sounds, an ORN and LP were observed for click pairs 1 ms above compared to 1 ms below echo threshold. In contrast, when attention was directed away from the sounds to the visual task, neither the ORN nor the LP was evident. Instead, click pairs 1 ms above echo threshold elicited an anterior positivity 250-450 ms after onset. In addition, an effect resembling an ORN was found in comparing ERPs elicited by unattended click pairs with SOAs below attended echo threshold. These results indicate that attention modulates early perceptual processes in the precedence effect and may be critical for auditory object formation under these conditions.
The effects of CAP greening on Italian agriculture
Creators: name: Vanni, Francesco
name: Cardillo, Concetta
name: Vanni, Francesco
name: Cardillo, Concetta
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: CAP
subject: greening
subject: Italy
subject: arable farming
subject: agrienvironment.

description: The greening of direct payments has been introduced into the first pillar of the CAP post-2013 with the objective of promoting sustainable agricultural practices more effectively through simple, generalised, non-contractual and annual actions that go beyond cross-compliance. The main objective of this article is to analyse the effects of this new policy instrument on Italian agriculture by evaluating, through the data from the 6th Agricultural Census of ISTAT, the number of farms and the areas poten- tially affected by these new environmental obligations. Even though the analysis is mainly focused on the greening obligations as have been agreed in the final regulation on direct payments, the article also looks at the main differences, in terms of farms and areas covered, between the final version of the greening measures and the environmental requirements as were proposed by the European Commission in 2011. The article shows that, in its final form, the greening has considerably diminished its potential in promoting sustainable practices on a large scale, since it will affect quite a small percentage of holdings concentrated in specific areas. This is particularly evident in Italy, where arable land is very fragmented and where the average size of farm is well below the thresholds established for the greening requirements. By starting from the Italian case, the article provides a critical discussion on the future CAP and on the main difficulties of implementing a coherent agri-environmental strategy through the direct payments of the first pillar.
Can Computers Increase Human Capital in Developing Countries? An Evaluation of Nepal’s One Laptop per Child Program
Creators: name: Sharma, Uttam
name: Sharma, Uttam
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: Economics of Education
subject: ICT in education

description: This paper evaluates the effectiveness of the One Laptop per Child (OLPC) initiative in Nepal’s primary and lower-secondary schools. This evaluation of the OLPC program in Nepal uses a pre-post test quasi-experimental design that consists of 26 program schools and 39 control schools that are spread across six different districts of the country. A low-cost laptop was provided to each student in grades two, three and six of the program schools at the beginning of the Nepali academic year (May 2009). At the same time, a round of tests in English and mathematics designed specifically for this program was administered to all students in grades two, three, four and six in both program and control schools. The same students were given similar tests in February 2010 and in June/July 2011. The impact of the OLPC program is estimated by analyzing how the program and control schools differ in terms of changes in test scores (double difference comparisons between schools and within schools), attendance rates and measures of non-cognitive skills. The exposure to computer-assisted learning in Nepal had no impact or a negative impact on student learning, non-cognitive skills and attendance. Students from grade 2 in treatment schools did particularly poorly in year-end English tests compared to control school students.
MOESM2 of Exome resequencing and GWAS for growth, ecophysiology, and chemical and metabolomic composition of wood of Populus trichocarpa
Creators: name: Guerra, Fernando
name: Haktan Suren
name: Holliday, Jason
name: Richards, James
name: Fiehn, Oliver
name: Famula, Randi
name: Stanton, Brian
name: Shuren, Richard
name: Sykes, Robert
name: Davis, Mark
name: Neale, David
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 2: Table S5. SNPs belonging to genes encoding enzymes for lignin and cellulose biosynthesis pathways.
(Strange) Meson Interferometry at RHIC
Creators: name: Soff, Sven
name: Bass, Steffen A.
name: Hardtke, David H.
name: Panitkin, Sergey Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We make predictions for the kaon interferometry measurements in Au+Au collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). A first order phase transition from a thermalized Quark-Gluon-Plasma (QGP) to a gas of hadrons is assumed for the transport calculations. The fraction of kaons that are directly emitted from the phase boundary is considerably enhanced at large transverse momenta K_T ~ 1 GeV/c. In this kinematic region, the sensitivity of the R_out/R_side ratio to the QGP-properties is enlarged. Here, the results of the 1-dimensional correlation analysis are presented. The extracted interferometry radii, depending on $K_T$, are not unusually large and are strongly affected by momentum resolution effects.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
History state formalism for scalar particles
Creators: name: Diaz, N. L.
name: Matera, J. M.
name: Rossignoli, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a covariant quantum formalism for scalar particles based on an enlarged Hilbert space. The particular physical theory can be introduced through a timeless Wheeler DeWitt-like equation, whose projection onto four-dimensional coordinates leads to the Klein Gordon equation. The standard quantum mechanical product in the enlarged space, which is invariant and positive definite, implies the usual Klein Gordon product when applied to its eigenstates. Moreover, the standard three-dimensional invariant measure emerges naturally from the flat measure in four dimensions when mass eigenstates are considered, allowing a rigorous identification between definite mass history states and the standard Wigner representation. Connections with the free propagator of scalar field theory and localized states are subsequently derived. The formalism also allows the superposition of different theories and remains valid in the presence of a fixed external field, revealing special orthogonality relations. Other details such as extended identities for the current density, the quantization of parameterized theories and the nonrelativistic limit, with its connection to the Page and Wootters formalism, are discussed. A related consistent second quantization formulation is also introduced.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures, final version
Digital Capitalism Today: IT Industry-Led Public Private Partnerships in a Northeastern School
Creators: name: Mustain, Paige
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2014

description: There has been considerable zeal regarding the democratizing promises of information and communication technologies (ICTs). This belief has resulted in the proliferation of ICT development initiatives in education through public private partnerships. However, there are critical scholars who caution against an overly celebratory perspective of ICTs and expose the ways in which they may be contributing to the exacerbation of existing inequalities. This thesis was inspired by Dan Schiller’s book, Digital Capitalism (1999) with the purpose of examining how digital capitalism is evident today.
'Digital capitalism' refers to the relationship between politics, economics, and technology that explains the shift in the use of the Internet from aiding government agencies to serving private commercial interests. Through a political economy of communication approach, this thesis examines a new model of public schools in which IT companies are partnering with various cities and districts to equip students with the 21st century skills needed to participate in the labor market. These partnerships are designed to benefit marginalized youth that do not have access to ICTs so the study looks at one of these schools encompassing this new innovative model in order to examine the benefits and limitations of these partnerships
The purpose of this thesis is to examine the way digital capitalism is playing out in education today in order to shed light on the political and economic forces driving these initiatives while examining who the decision makers are as well as who benefits and why. It has a dual objective of contributing to current digital inequality scholarship and informing policy-making. This thesis ultimately argues that there is a need for more targeted and individualized policies that serve each district’s unique needs, which works to fulfill the policy objective. It challenges the notion that technology is a neutral artifact that is separate from broader political, social, and economic processes.
First-principles study of the ferroelastic phase transition in CaCl_2
Creators: name: Valgoma, J. A.
name: Perez-Mato, J. M.
name: Garcia, Alberto
name: Schwarz, K.
name: Blaha, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: First-principles density-functional calculations within the local-density approximation and the pseudopotential approach are used to study and characterize the ferroelastic phase transition in calcium chloride (CaCl_2). In accord with experiment, the energy map of CaCl_2 has the typical features of a pseudoproper ferroelastic with an optical instability as ultimate origin of the phase transition. This unstable optic mode is close to a pure rigid unit mode of the framework of chlorine atoms and has a negative Gruneisen parameter. The ab-initio ground state agrees fairly well with the experimental low temperature structure extrapolated at 0K. The calculated energy map around the ground state is interpreted as an extrapolated Landau free-energy and is successfully used to explain some of the observed thermal properties. Higher-order anharmonic couplings between the strain and the unstable optic mode, proposed in previous literature as important terms to explain the soft-phonon temperature behavior, are shown to be irrelevant for this purpose. The LAPW method is shown to reproduce the plane-wave results in CaCl_2 within the precision of the calculations, and is used to analyze the relative stability of different phases in CaCl_2 and the chemically similar compound SrCl_2.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, uses RevTeX4