cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On the second fluctuation--dissipation theorem for nonequilibrium baths
Creators: name: Maes, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Baths produce friction and random forcing on particles suspended in them. The relation between noise and friction in (generalized) Langevin equations is usually referred to as the second fluctuation-dissipation theorem. We show what is the proper nonequilibrium extension, to be applied when the environment is itself active and driven. In particular we determine the effective Langevin dynamics of a probe from integrating out a steady nonequilibrium environment. The friction kernel picks up a frenetic contribution, i.e., involving the environment's dynamical activity, responsible for the breaking of the standard Einstein relation.
März-Errungenschaften!; [1848]
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Flugblatt mit Karikatur auf die Märzrevolution 1848 in Bayern. Ein Mann hält eine Papierrolle mit der Aufschrift "Einkommen & Kapital-Steuer" unterm Arm; aus seiner Hosentasche ragen Zeitungen "Neueste Münchener Zeitung. Redacteur", "Volksbote" und "Reichsbote!" Im Bildhintergrund befindet sich der Münchner Dom zu Unserer Lieben Frau. 1848 wird in Bayern das "Gesetz, die Kapital-Steuer betreffend" und das "Gesetz, die Einkommen-Steuer betreffend" erlassen.
Nucleation and growth by diffusion under Ostwald-Freundlich boundary condition
Creators: name: Iwamatsu, Masao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The critical radius of a nucleus grown by diffusion in a solution is studied thermodynamically as well as kinetically. The thermodynamic growth equation called Zeldovich equation of classical nucleation theory (CNT) and the kinetic diffusional growth equation combined with the Ostwald-Freundlich boundary condition lead to the same critical radius. However, it should be pointed out that the diffusional equation may lead to a kinetic critical radius that is different from the thermodynamic critical radius, thus indicating the possibility of kinetically controlling the critical radius of a nucleus.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, Journal of Chemical Physics to be published
Bose Hubbard model far from equilibrium
Creators: name: Pizorn, Iztok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the nonequilibrium steady state of the Bose Hubbard model coupled to Lindblad reservoirs, using the density matrix renormalization group in operator space. We observe a transition from a flat particle density profile in the noninteracting limit to the linear profile with onset of the interparticle interaction. Analyzing the effect of coherent pumping on the nonequilibrium steady state we find a subspace which remains unaffected by the pumping in the noninteracting limit with the protection gradually diminishing due to interparticle interaction. In the equilibrium situation with one or more symmetric reservoirs we show analytically that the steady state of the system is a product state for any interaction strength. We also provide analytical results in the noninteracting limits, using the method of the third quantization in operator space.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
Luthers Kleiner Katechismus als Begleiter des gefährdeten Glaubens
Creators: name: Blaufuß, Dietrich
Publisher: name: Lutherische Kirche in der Welt
Year: 1970

description: Lutherische Kirche in der Welt, Bd. 32 (1985): Lutherische Kirche in der Welt, Band 32
Generalized quasi-dilaton theory
Creators: name: De Felice, Antonio
name: Gumrukcuoglu, A. Emir
name: Mukohyama, Shinji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently the first example of a unitary theory of Lorentz-invariant massive gravity allowing for stable self-accelerating de Sitter solutions was found, extending the quasidilaton theory. In this paper we further generalize this new action for the quasidilaton field by introducing general Lagrangian terms which are consistent with the quasidilaton symmetry while leading to second order equations of motion. We find that the structure of the theory, compared to the simplest stable example, does not change on introducing these new terms.
description: 11 pages
Comparison of mass renormalization schemes for simple model systems
Creators: name: Stefanovich, E. V.
name: Wagner, R. E.
name: Su, Q.
name: Grobe, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss an alternative method to mass renormalize a quantum field Hamiltonian based on a requirement that the vacuum and single-particle sectors are not self-scattering. We illustrate the feasibility of this method for the concrete example of bosonic quadratic and also quartic interactions. The results are compared with those obtained by the standard renormalization technique based on a spectral analysis of the usual field-based propagators. We also discuss a potential method for renormalizing a quantum field theory in a non-perturbative way using computational methods.
description: 42 pages, 2 figures
Energy Escape to Infinity for Systems with Infinite Number of Particles
Creators: name: Malyshev, V. A.
name: Zamyatin, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we consider system of infinite number of particles where any particle cannot escape to infinity. We define what means escape of energy to infinity and apply this notion to the case when constant force provides energy to one of the particles.
description: 7 pages
Analytic Solution of an Active Brownian Particle in a Harmonic Well
Creators: name: Caraglio, Michele
name: Franosch, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide an analytical solution for the time-dependent Fokker-Planck equation for a two-dimensional active Brownian particle trapped in an isotropic harmonic potential. Using the passive Brownian particle as basis states we show that the Fokker-Planck operator becomes lower diagonal, implying that the eigenvalues are unaffected by the activity. The propagator is then expressed as a combination of the equilibrium eigenstates with weights obeying exact iterative relations. We show that for the low-order correlation functions, such as the positional autocorrelation function, the recursion terminates at finite order in the Péclet number allowing us to generate exact compact expressions and derive the velocity autocorrelation function and the time-dependent diffusion coefficient. The nonmonotonic behavior of latter quantities serves as a fingerprint of the non-equilibrium dynamics.
description: 11pages, 3 figures
Nonlinearity enhanced interfacial thermal conductance and rectification
Creators: name: Zhang, Lifa
name: Thingna, Juzar
name: He, Dahai
name: Wang, Jian-Sheng
name: Li, Baowen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the nonlinear interfacial thermal transport across atomic junctions by the quantum self-consistent mean field (QSCMF) theory based on nonequilibrium Green's function approach; the QSCMF theory we propose is very precise and matches well with the exact results from quantum master equations. The nonlinearity at the interface is studied by effective temperature dependent interfacial coupling calculated from the QSCMF theory. We find that nonlinearity can provide an extra channel for phonon transport in addition to the phonon scattering which usually blocks heat transfer. For weak linearly coupled interface, the nonlinearity can enhance the interfacial thermal transport; with increasing nonlinearity or temperature, the thermal conductance shows nonmonotonical behavior. The interfacial nonlinearity also induces thermal rectification, which depends on the mismatch of the two leads and also the interfacial linear coupling.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, accepted by EPL on Sep 11, 2013
A Langevin canonical approach to the dynamics of chiral two level systems. Thermal averages and heat capacity
Creators: name: Peñate-Rodríguez, H. C.
name: Dorta-Urra, A.
name: Bargueño, P.
name: Rojas-Lorenzo, G.
name: Miret-Artés, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Langevin canonical framework for a chiral two--level system coupled to a bath of harmonic oscillators is developed within a coupling scheme different to the well known spin-boson model. Thermal equilibrium values are reached at asymptotic times by solving the corresponding set of non--linear coupled equations in a Markovian regime. In particular, phase difference thermal values (or, equivalently, the so--called coherence factor) and heat capacity through energy fluctuations are obtained and discussed in terms of tunneling rates and asymmetries.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1207.3349
title: APPETITE-REGULATING HORMONES IN ENERGY COMPENSATION WITH EXERCISE
Creators: name: Moreland, Jack
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky Libraries
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Background: The appetite-regulating hormones may influence compensatory increases in energy intake with exercise, although this causal relationship has been difficult to prove in a longitudinal trial.

Methods: 37 participants (29 female) aged 18 to 40 years performed aerobic exercise 6 days (6d), 2 days (2d), or 0 days per week for 12-weeks. Concentrations of ghrelin, leptin, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), and insulin were assessed before (fasting, minute 0) and after a standardized meal at minute 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180. Linear mixed-effects models were used to model the relationships between time point (12 weeks vs. baseline) and group over time (minutes 0 to 180) for each hormone. For 2d and 6d, the total area under the curve (AUC) for post-prandial hormone changes from pre-intervention to post was calculated and used to predict % body fat lost and energy compensation, defined as the difference between expected weight loss (based on exercise energy expenditure, ExEE) and changes in bodily energy stores. Energy compensation was expressed as % energy compensated (compensation index, CI).

Results: The 2d and 6d expended 1,490.7 ± 122.1 and 2,750.5 ± 145.1 kcal while exercising 188.8 ± 4.12 and 320.5 ± 3.7 min/week respectively (means ± SE, P< 0.01). CI did not differ between 2d and 6d (P=0.81), averaging 52%. Only 6d lost significant body fat (-7.29% ± 2.13 vs -1.86% ± 4.12, P=0.03). For the mixed-effects model, ghrelin (P=0.03) and leptin (P< 0.01) had significant group by time interactions, decreasing to a greater extent in 6d than 2d or control. Changes in AUC for ghrelin (delta-AUC) predicted the percentage of fat loss controlling for CI and ExEE while changes in AUC for leptin predicted CI controlling for ExEE and fat loss.

Conclusion: The 12-week changes in ghrelin and leptin are influenced by exercise frequency in overweight to obese adults. Greater decreases in ghrelin delta-AUC are an independent predictor of body fat loss attenuation, while greater leptin delta-AUC decreases are an independent predictor of CI. These findings represent a novel predictor of energy compensation and body fat loss with exercise.
description: © 2020 Jack Moreland
Attention Diversification for Domain Generalization
Creators: name: Meng, Rang
name: Li, Xianfeng
name: Chen, Weijie
name: Yang, Shicai
name: Song, Jie
name: Wang, Xinchao
name: Zhang, Lei
name: Song, Mingli
name: Xie, Di
name: Pu, Shiliang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have demonstrated gratifying results at learning discriminative features. However, when applied to unseen domains, state-of-the-art models are usually prone to errors due to domain shift. After investigating this issue from the perspective of shortcut learning, we find the devils lie in the fact that models trained on different domains merely bias to different domain-specific features yet overlook diverse task-related features. Under this guidance, a novel Attention Diversification framework is proposed, in which Intra-Model and Inter-Model Attention Diversification Regularization are collaborated to reassign appropriate attention to diverse task-related features. Briefly, Intra-Model Attention Diversification Regularization is equipped on the high-level feature maps to achieve in-channel discrimination and cross-channel diversification via forcing different channels to pay their most salient attention to different spatial locations. Besides, Inter-Model Attention Diversification Regularization is proposed to further provide task-related attention diversification and domain-related attention suppression, which is a paradigm of "simulate, divide and assemble": simulate domain shift via exploiting multiple domain-specific models, divide attention maps into task-related and domain-related groups, and assemble them within each group respectively to execute regularization. Extensive experiments and analyses are conducted on various benchmarks to demonstrate that our method achieves state-of-the-art performance over other competing methods. Code is available at https://github.com/hikvision-research/DomainGeneralization.
description: ECCV 2022. Code available at https://github.com/hikvision-research/DomainGeneralization
A Modular, Operator Splitting Scheme for Fluid-Structure Interaction Problems with Thick Structures
Creators: name: Bukac, Martina
name: Canic, Suncica
name: Glowinski, Roland
name: Muha, Boris
name: Quaini, Annalisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present an operator-splitting scheme for fluid-structure interaction (FSI) problems in hemodynamics, where the thickness of the structural wall is comparable to the radius of the cylindrical fluid domain. The equations of linear elasticity are used to model the structure, while the Navier-Stokes equations for an incompressible viscous fluid are used to model the fluid. The operator splitting scheme, based on Lie splitting, separates the elastodynamics structure problem, from a fluid problem in which structure inertia is included to achieve unconditional stability. We prove energy estimates associated with unconditional stability of this modular scheme for the full nonlinear FSI problem defined on a moving domain, without requiring any sub-iterations within time steps. Two numerical examples are presented, showing excellent agreement with the results of monolithic schemes. First-order convergence in time is shown numerically. Modularity, unconditional stability without temporal sub-iterations, and simple implementation are the features that make this operator-splitting scheme particularly appealing for multi-physics problems involving fluid-structure interaction.
description: International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids
Who Ordered the Anti-de Sitter Tangent Group?
Creators: name: Chamseddine, Ali H.
name: Mukhanov, Viatcheslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: General relativity can be unambiguously formulated with Lorentz, de Sitter and anti-de Sitter tangent groups, which determine the fermionic representations. We show that besides of the Lorentz group only anti-de Sitter tangent group is consistent with all physical requirements.
description: 6 pages
Towards Understanding and Boosting Adversarial Transferability from a Distribution Perspective
Creators: name: Zhu, Yao
name: Chen, Yuefeng
name: Li, Xiaodan
name: Chen, Kejiang
name: He, Yuan
name: Tian, Xiang
name: Zheng, Bolun
name: Chen, Yaowu
name: Huang, Qingming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Transferable adversarial attacks against Deep neural networks (DNNs) have received broad attention in recent years. An adversarial example can be crafted by a surrogate model and then attack the unknown target model successfully, which brings a severe threat to DNNs. The exact underlying reasons for the transferability are still not completely understood. Previous work mostly explores the causes from the model perspective, e.g., decision boundary, model architecture, and model capacity. adversarial attacks against Deep neural networks (DNNs) have received broad attention in recent years. An adversarial example can be crafted by a surrogate model and then attack the unknown target model successfully, which brings a severe threat to DNNs. The exact underlying reasons for the transferability are still not completely understood. Previous work mostly explores the causes from the model perspective. Here, we investigate the transferability from the data distribution perspective and hypothesize that pushing the image away from its original distribution can enhance the adversarial transferability. To be specific, moving the image out of its original distribution makes different models hardly classify the image correctly, which benefits the untargeted attack, and dragging the image into the target distribution misleads the models to classify the image as the target class, which benefits the targeted attack. Towards this end, we propose a novel method that crafts adversarial examples by manipulating the distribution of the image. We conduct comprehensive transferable attacks against multiple DNNs to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Our method can significantly improve the transferability of the crafted attacks and achieves state-of-the-art performance in both untargeted and targeted scenarios, surpassing the previous best method by up to 40$\%$ in some cases.
description: \copyright 20XX IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works
title: Der deutsche Michel und seine Mutter Germania in Berlin; [1848?]
title: (Beamter) Fort mit euch aus unserm Staat, sonst muß euch ein brandenburger Donnerwetter erschlagen. (Michel:) Ach lieber Herr, betrachten Sie doch nur den Umstand meiner alten Mutter, sie ist hohen Leibes und will nur hier durchreisen nach Frankfurt, wo sie mit einer jungen Verfassung nieder zu kommen gedenkt. Wir durchreisen nur deshalb das deutsche Reich, weil viele Aerzte sagen: starke Bewegungen fördern die Geburt. (Germania:) Komm, lieber Michel, ich spüre schon Wehen, wenn ich den Herrn lange betrachte, leicht könnte ich wieder einen Mißfall haben wie 1831 ... Unser Herr Gevatter Johann den wir als Pathe erwählt haben, und auf den wir alles Vetrauen setzen, wird schon sorgen, ...
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Text in deutscher Kurrentschrift
Employing Multimodal Machine Learning for Stress Detection
Creators: name: Walambe, Rahee
name: Nayak, Pranav
name: Bhardwaj, Ashmit
name: Kotecha, Ketan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In the current age, human lifestyle has become more knowledge oriented leading to generation of sedentary employment. This has given rise to a number of health and mental disorders. Mental wellness is one of the most neglected but crucial aspects of today's world. Mental health issues can, both directly and indirectly, affect other sections of human physiology and impede an individual's day-to-day activities and performance. However, identifying the stress and finding the stress trend for an individual leading to serious mental ailments is challenging and involves multiple factors. Such identification can be achieved accurately by fusing these multiple modalities (due to various factors) arising from behavioral patterns. Certain techniques are identified in the literature for this purpose; however, very few machine learning-based methods are proposed for such multimodal fusion tasks. In this work, a multimodal AI-based framework is proposed to monitor a person's working behavior and stress levels. We propose a methodology for efficiently detecting stress due to workload by concatenating heterogeneous raw sensor data streams (e.g., face expressions, posture, heart rate, computer interaction). This data can be securely stored and analyzed to understand and discover personalized unique behavioral patterns leading to mental strain and fatigue. The contribution of this work is twofold; proposing a multimodal AI-based strategy for fusion to detect stress and its level and secondly identify a stress pattern over a period of time. We were able to achieve 96.09% accuracy on the test set in stress detection and classification. Further, we reduce the stress scale prediction model loss to 0.036 using these modalities. This work can prove important for the community at large, specifically those working sedentary jobs to monitor and identify stress levels, especially in current times of COVID-19.
Radiation pressure and the linear momentum of the electromagnetic field in magnetic media
Creators: name: Mansuripur, Masud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the force of the electromagnetic radiation on linear, isotropic, homogeneous media specified in terms of their permittivity epsilon and permeability mu. A formula is proposed for the electromagnetic Lorentz force on the magnetization M, which is treated here as an Amperian current loop. Using the proposed formula, we demonstrate conservation of momentum in several cases that are amenable to rigorous analysis based on the classical Maxwell equations, the Lorentz law of force, and the constitutive relations. Our analysis yields precise expressions for the density of the electromagnetic and mechanical momenta inside the media that are specified by their (epsilon, mu) parameters. An interesting consequence of this analysis is the identification of an "intrinsic" mechanical momentum density, ExM/c^2, analogous to the electromagnetic (or Abraham) momentum density, ExH/c^2. (Here E and H are the magnitudes of the electric and magnetic fields, respectively, and c is the speed of light in vacuum.) This intrinsic mechanical momentum, associated with the magnetization M in the presence of an electric field E, is apparently the same "hidden" momentum that was predicted by W. Shockley and R.P. James nearly four decades ago.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures, 48 equations, 24 references
Stability of a unitary Bose gas
Creators: name: Fletcher, Richard J.
name: Gaunt, Alexander L.
name: Navon, Nir
name: Smith, Robert P.
name: Hadzibabic, Zoran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the stability of a thermal $^{39}$K Bose gas across a broad Feshbach resonance, focusing on the unitary regime, where the scattering length $a$ exceeds the thermal wavelength $λ$. We measure the general scaling laws relating the particle-loss and heating rates to the temperature, scattering length, and atom number. Both at unitarity and for positive $a \ll λ$ we find agreement with three-body theory. However, for $a<0$ and away from unitarity, we observe significant four-body decay. At unitarity, the three-body loss coefficient, $L_3 \propto λ^4$, is three times lower than the universal theoretical upper bound. This reduction is a consequence of species-specific Efimov physics and makes $^{39}$K particularly promising for studies of many-body physics in a unitary Bose gas.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
On some features of the solar proton event on 2021 October 28 (GLE73)
Creators: name: Chertok, I. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In addition to several recent articles devoted to the rare event of ground-level enhancement of the solar relativistic proton flux observed on 2021 October 28 (GLE73), we study the 10-100 MeV solar energetic particle (SEP) component of this event. Based on the GOES satellite data for 26 GLEs recorded since 1986, we have formed a scatter plot displaying the ratio of the peak fluxes of the >10 MeV (J10) and >100 MeV (J100) protons and their energy spectra. Two extreme characteristics of the prompt component of the SEP-GLE73 event were revealed: (1) very small J10 and J100 proton fluxes and (2) a very hard energetic spectrum in the 10-100 MeV range. There are only two events with these characteristics similar to SEP-GLE73 namely, GLE40 (1989 July 25) and GLE46 (1989 November 15). A correspondence was demonstrated between the hard frequency spectrum of microwave radio bursts of initiating flares and the hard SEP energy spectrum of these two and other GLEs. These results suggest that the flare magnetic reconnection both in the impulsive and post-eruption phases plays an important role in the acceleration of the SEP-GLE protons.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Thermal transport across metal-insulator interface via electron-phonon interaction
Creators: name: Zhang, Lifa
name: Lü, Jing-Tao
name: Wang, Jian-Sheng
name: Li, Baowen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thermal transport across metal-insulator interface can be characterized by electron-phonon interaction through which an electron lead is coupled to a phonon lead if phonon-phonon coupling at the interface is very weak. We investigate the thermal conductance and rectification flowing between the electron part and the phonon part using nonequilibrium Green's function method. It is found that the thermal conductance has a nonmonotonic behavior as a function of average temperature or the coupling strength between the phonon leads in the metal part and the insulator one. The metal-insulator interface shows evident thermal rectification effect, which can reverse with changing of average temperature or the electron-phonon coupling.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures, accepted by J. Phys.-Cond. Matt. on Sep 11, 2013
Abundance of radioactive technetium in Przybylski's star revisited
Creators: name: Andrievsky, S. M.
name: Korotin, S. A.
name: Werner, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have searched for lines of the radioactive element technetium (Tc) in the spectrum of Przybylski's star (HD101065). The nuclei of this chemical element are formed in the slow process of capturing thermalized neutrons. The possible lines of Tc~I are heavily blended. We have synthesized the profile of one resonance line at 4297.06 Å~, which is also a part of the complex blend, and we arrived at a decision that it is not visible in the spectrum (as was first noted by Ryabchikova), casting doubt on the existence of technetium in the atmosphere of the Przybylski's star. Therefore, based on our calculated combined profile, which has been adjusted to the observed blend profile at ~4297.2 A (that may possibly contain the resonance technetium line 4297.06 A), we reduce the maximum technetium abundance to $\logε$(Tc/H) = 2.5. This value can be considered only as an upper limit of the technetium abundance in the Przybylski's star.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Quantifying the effect of turbulent magnetic diffusion on the growth rate of the magneto-rotational instability
Creators: name: Väisälä, M. S.
name: Brandenburg, A.
name: Mitra, Dhrubaditya
name: Käpylä, P. J.
name: Mantere, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In astrophysics, turbulent diffusion is often used in place of microphysical diffusion to avoid resolving the small scales. However, we expect this approach to break down when time and length scales of the turbulence become comparable with other relevant time and length scales in the system. Turbulent diffusion has previously been applied to the magneto-rotational instability (MRI), but no quantitative comparison of growth rates at different turbulent intensities has been performed. We investigate to what extent turbulent diffusion can be used to model the effects of small-scale turbulence on the kinematic growth rates of the MRI, and how this depends on angular velocity and magnetic field strength. We use direct numerical simulations in three-dimensional shearing boxes with periodic boundary conditions in the spanwise direction and additional random plane-wave volume forcing to drive a turbulent flow at a given length scale. We estimate the turbulent diffusivity using a mixing length formula and compare with results obtained with the test-field method. It turns out that the concept of turbulent diffusion is remarkably accurate in describing the effect of turbulence on the growth rate of the MRI. No noticeable breakdown of turbulent diffusion has been found, even when time and length scales of the turbulence become comparable with those imposed by the MRI itself. On the other hand, quenching of turbulent magnetic diffusivity by the magnetic field is found to be absent. Turbulence reduces the growth rate of the MRI in a way that is the same as microphysical magnetic diffusion.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures, submitted to Astronomy & Astrophysics
Systematic Determination of Absolute Absorption Cross-section of Individual Carbon Nanotubes
Creators: name: Liu, Kaihui
name: Hong, Xiaoping
name: Choi, Sangkook
name: Jin, Chenhao
name: Capaz, Rodrigo B.
name: Kim, Jihoon
name: Aloni, Shaul
name: Wang, Wenlong
name: Bai, Xuedong
name: Louie, Steven G.
name: Wang, Enge
name: Wang, Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Determination of optical absorption cross-section is always among the central importance of understanding a material. However its realization on individual nanostructures, such as carbon nanotubes, is experimentally challenging due to the small extinction signal using conventional transmission measurements. Here we develop a technique based on polarization manipulation to enhance the sensitivity of single-nanotube absorption spectroscopy by two-orders of magnitude. We systematically determine absorption cross-section over broad spectral range at single-tube level for more than 50 chirality-defined single-walled nanotubes. Our data reveals chirality-dependent one-dimensional photo-physics through the behaviours of exciton oscillator strength and lifetime. We also establish an empirical formula to predict absorption spectrum of any nanotube, which provides the foundation to determine quantum efficiencies in important photoluminescence and photovoltaic processes.
Evaluating Human-Computer Interfaces for Specification and Comprehension of Transient Behavior in Microservice-based Software Systems
Creators: name: Beck, Samuel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: transient behavior
microservices
human-computer interaction
software visualization
chatbots

description: Modern software systems are subject to constant change while operating in production. New agile
 development methods such as continuous deployment and DevOps enable developers to deploy
 code changes frequently. Also, failures and self-adaptation through mechanisms such as elastic
 scaling and resilience patterns introduce changes into a system during runtime. For that reason,
 these systems that become more complex and distributed continuously exhibit transient behavior,
 the state that occurs while transitioning from one state to another. To make statements about a
 system’s reliability and performance, it is imperative that this transient behavior is specified in
 non-functional requirements and that stakeholders can review whether these requirements are met.
 However, due to the complexity of this behavior and the accompanying specifications, only experts
 can achieve this.
 This thesis aims to make the specification of non-functional requirements for, and the comprehension
 of, transient behavior in microservice systems more accessible, particularly for stakeholders that lack
 expert knowledge about transient behavior. To achieve this, novel approaches are explored that utilize
 modern human-computer interaction methods to facilitate this problem. At first, the state of the art
 in transient behavior in software systems, human-computer interaction, and software visualization
 is presented. Subsequently, expert interviews are conducted to understand how transient behavior is
 handled in practice and which requirements experts have to an envisioned solution. Based on this,
 a concept for a solution is proposed, which integrates different visualizations with a chatbot, and
 implemented as a prototype. Finally, the prototype is evaluated in an expert study. The evaluation
 shows that the approach can support software architects and DevOps engineers to create and verify
 specifications for transient behavior. However, it also reveals that the prototype can still be improved
 further. Furthermore, it was shown that the integration of a chatbot into the solution was not helpful
 for the participants. In conclusion, human-computer interaction and visualization methods can be
 applied to the problems of specifying and analyzing transient behavior to support software architects
 and engineers. The developed prototype shows potential for the exploration of transient behavior.
 The evaluation also revealed many opportunities for future improvements.
SPRING: speech and pronunciation improvement through games, for Hispanic children
Creators: name: Tewari, Anuj
name: Goyal, Nitesh
name: Chan, Matthew K
name: Yau, Tina
name: Canny, John
name: Schroeder, Ulrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Lack of proper English pronunciations is a major problem for immigrant population in developed countries like U.S. This poses various problems, including a barrier to entry into mainstream society. This paper presents a research study that explores the use of speech technologies merged with activity-based and arcade-based games to do pronunciation feedback for Hispanic children within the U.S. A 3-month long study with immigrant population in California was used to investigate and analyze the effectiveness of computer aided pronunciation feedback through games. In addition to quantitative findings that point to statistically significant gains in pronunciation quality, the paper also explores qualitative findings, interaction patterns and challenges faced by the researchers in dealing with this community. It also describes the issues involved in dealing with pronunciation as a competency.
description: ACM ICTD 2010
Tuning the giant inverse magnetocaloric effect in Mn2-xCrxSb compounds
Creators: name: Caron, L.
name: Miao, X. F.
name: Klaasse, J. C. P
name: Gama, S.
name: Brück, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Structural, magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of Mn2-xCrxSb compounds have been studied. In these compounds a first order magnetic phase transition from the ferrimagnetic to the antiferromagnetic state occurs with decreasing temperature, giving rise to giant inverse magnetocaloric effects that can be tuned over a wide temperature interval through changes in substitution concentration. Entropy changes as high as 7.5 J/kgK have been observed, and a composition independent entropy change is obtained for several different concentrations/working temperatures, making these compounds suitable candidates for a composite working material.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Co-prolongations of a group extension
Creators: name: Quang, Nguyen Tien
name: Tuyen, Doan Trong
name: Thuy, Nguyen Thi Thu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20J05, 20J06

description: The aim of this paper is to study co-prolongations of central extensions. We construct the obstruction theory for co-prolongations and classify the equivalence classes of these by kernels of a homomorphisms between 2-dimensional cohomology groups of groups.
description: 9 pages
Chirikov and Nekhoroshev diffusion estimates: bridging the two sides of the river
Creators: name: Cincotta, Pablo M.
name: Efthymiopoulos, Christos
name: Giordano, Claudia M.
name: Mestre, Martín F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present theoretical and numerical results pointing towards a strong connection between the estimates for the diffusion rate along simple resonances in multidimensional nonlinear Hamiltonian systems that can be obtained using the heuristic theory of Chirikov and a more formal one due to Nekhoroshev. We show that, despite a wide-spread impression, the two theories are complementary rather than antagonist. Indeed, although Chirikov's 1979 review has thousands of citations, almost all of them refer to topics such as the resonance overlap criterion, fast diffusion, the Standard or Whisker Map, and not to the constructive theory providing a formula to measure diffusion along a single resonance. However, as will be demonstrated explicitly below, Chirikov's formula provides values of the diffusion coefficient which are quite well comparable to the numerically computed ones, provided that it is implemented on the so-called optimal normal form derived as in the analytic part of Nekhoroshev's theorem. On the other hand, Chirikov's formula yields unrealistic values of the diffusion coefficient, in particular for very small values of the perturbation, when used in the original Hamiltonian instead of the optimal normal form. In the present paper, we take advantage of this complementarity in order to obtain accurate theoretical predictions for the local value of the diffusion coefficient along a resonance in a specific 3DoF nearly integrable Hamiltonian system. Besides, we compute numerically the diffusion coefficient and a full comparison of all estimates is made for ten values of the perturbation parameter, showing a very satisfactory agreement.
description: 25 pages, 9 figures. NOTICE: this is the author's version of a work that was accepted for publication in Physica D. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication
Superdeformed $Λ$ hypernuclei with antisymmetrized molecular dynamics
Creators: name: Isaka, Masahiro
name: Fukukawa, Kenji
name: Kimura, Masaaki
name: Hiyama, Emiko
name: Sagawa, Hiroyuki
name: Yamamoto, Yasuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The response to the addition of a $Λ$ hyperon is investigated for the deformed states such as superdeformation in $^{41}_Λ$Ca, $^{46}_Λ$Sc and $^{48}_Λ$Sc. In the present study, we use the antisymmetrized molecular dynamics (AMD) model. It is pointed out that many kinds of deformed bands appear in $^{45}$Sc and $^{47}$Sc. Especially, it is found that there exists superdeformed states in $^{45}$Sc. By the addition of a $Λ$ particle to $^{40}$Ca, $^{45}$Sc and $^{47}$Sc, it is predicted, for the first time, that the superdeformed states exist in the hypernuclei $^{41}_Λ$Ca and $^{46}_Λ$Sc. The manifestation of the dependence of the $Λ$-separation energy on nuclear deformation such as spherical, normal deformation and superdeformation is shown in the energy spectra of $^{41}_Λ$Ca, $^{46}_Λ$Sc and $^{48}_Λ$Sc hypernuclei.
description: 24 pages, 8 figures
title: Der Wächter Michel gratulirt den färbigen Zopfträgern; [1849]
title: Höhrt ihr Herren und lasset euch sagen, Die Glocke hat neunundvierzich geschlagen, Ich wünsch' euch allen viel Segen u. Glück, Und vom März bis Dezember das Jahr zurück. ...
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Flugblatt mit Karikatur des Deutschen Michel mit vier Personen, die Zöpfe tragen
Nucleon structure and hard p-p processes at high energies
Creators: name: Lykasov, G. I.
name: Bednyakov, I. V.
name: Demichev, M. A.
name: Stepanenko, Yu. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The production of heavy flavour hadrons in $pp$ collisions at large values of their transverse momenta can be a new unique source for estimation of intrinsic heavy quark contribution to the proton. We analyze the inclusive production of the open strangeness and the semi-inclusive hard processes of the photon and vector boson production accompanied by the $c$- or $b$-jets in $pp$ collisions. We show that one should select the parton-level (sub)processes (and final-state signatures) that are the most sensitive to the intrinsic heavy quark contributions. We present some predictions for these processes made within the perturbative QCD including the intrinsic strangeness and intrinsic charm in the proton that can be verified in the NA61 experiment and at LHC.
description: 18 pages, 12 figures. Contributed to the International Conference Hadron Structure'13, 30.June-4.July 2013, Tatranske' Matliare, Slovakia and the International Workshop QCD@LHC2013, 2-6 September 2013, DESY, Hamburg, Germany
Strongly-Coupled Unquenched QED4 Propagators Using Schwinger-Dyson Equations
Creators: name: Kizilersu, Ayse
name: Sizer, Tom
name: Williams, Anthony G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study unquenched QED in four dimensions using renormalised Schwinger-Dyson equations and focus on the behaviour of the fermion and photon propagators. For this purpose we use an improved Kizilersu-Pennington (KP) vertex which respects gauge invariance, multiplicative renormalizability for the massless case, agrees with perturbation theory in the weak coupling regime and is free of kinematic singularities. We find that the KP vertex performs very well as expected specially in comparison with other vertex choices. We find that the Landau pole problem familiar from perturbative QED persists in the nonperturbative case with the renormalised inverse photon propagator having zero crossing.
description: 48 pages, 19 figures
Pneuma: Leveraging LLMs for Tabular Data Representation and Retrieval in an End-to-End System
Creators: name: Balaka, Muhammad Imam Luthfi
name: Alexander, David
name: Wang, Qiming
name: Gong, Yue
name: Krisnadhi, Adila
name: Fernandez, Raul Castro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Finding relevant tables among databases, lakes, and repositories is the first step in extracting value from data. Such a task remains difficult because assessing whether a table is relevant to a problem does not always depend only on its content but also on the context, which is usually tribal knowledge known to the individual or team. While tools like data catalogs and academic data discovery systems target this problem, they rely on keyword search or more complex interfaces, limiting non-technical users' ability to find relevant data. The advent of large language models (LLMs) offers a unique opportunity for users to ask questions directly in natural language, making dataset discovery more intuitive, accessible, and efficient.
 In this paper, we introduce Pneuma, a retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) system designed to efficiently and effectively discover tabular data. Pneuma leverages large language models (LLMs) for both table representation and table retrieval. For table representation, Pneuma preserves schema and row-level information to ensure comprehensive data understanding. For table retrieval, Pneuma augments LLMs with traditional information retrieval techniques, such as full-text and vector search, harnessing the strengths of both to improve retrieval performance. To evaluate Pneuma, we generate comprehensive benchmarks that simulate table discovery workload on six real-world datasets including enterprise data, scientific databases, warehousing data, and open data. Our results demonstrate that Pneuma outperforms widely used table search systems (such as full-text search and state-of-the-art RAG systems) in accuracy and resource efficiency.
description: SIGMOD 2025 Paper
Fannie Mae's National Housing Survey Monthly Home Purchase Sentiment Index (HPSI) and Key Indicators - July, 2020 (a subset of the complete monthly Fannie Mae National Housing Survey)
Creators: name: Foundation, Fannie Mae
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2020

description: Economy on right/wrong track (1); personal financial situation (1); good/bad time to buy a house (1); good/bad time to sell a house (1); home price changes (3); rental price changes (3); mortgage interest rate changes (1); ability to obtain a home mortgage today (1); current homeownership status (1); renting vs. buying a home in the future (1); concern about unemployment (1); change in income (1).