cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The politics of pensions in Canada 1960-1987
Creators: name: Desjardins, Marc
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis examines the evolution of Canadian pension politics over the last twenty-five years in order to understand why, after creating a public contributory plan in 1965, the state refused to extend its reach further in the 1980s and rather opted to regulate employer-sponsored pensions. This thesis develops an analytical framework which differs from previous studies. It postulates that pension politics can be best understood through the analysis of conflict within and between the non-governmental, intergovernmental and intragovernmental arenas. The study reveals that the provision of replacement income through public arrangements interfered with profitable activities in the business community and led to major confrontations. It also explains why there has been much less resistance to state intervention which aims to protect the elderly from outright poverty From 1960 to 1980 pension politics has evolved from a positive-sum game to a zero-sum game. While the creation of the CPP/QPP left ample room for private activities in this domain, a further extension of these arrangements in the 1980s would have seriously curtailed and transformed the role of business interests. This thesis challenges the view that the process of intergovernmental negotiations was a prime determinant of the failure of business interests in the 1960s and their success in the 1980s. Rather it is the failure of the insurance industry to gain the support of the rest of the business community and its attempt to derail the process which led to its failure in the first instance and its capacity to draw support and make significant counter-proposals which allowed the private sector to play an important role in the second instance. While the proposal for an expanded CPP drew business interests closer together, it pulled elements of the federal government apart. It is this deadlock, rather than intergovernmental bickering, which delayed the reform process. Finally, the regulation of employer-sponsored pensions was not preceded by open intergovernmental confrontation but came as a result of an adjustment process and negotiations rapidly led to concrete results although they held a greater potential for failure. Federalism does not seem to have seriously biased the nature of the pension policy-making process.
Peaks are preserved under run-sorting
Creators: name: Alexandersson, Per
name: Nabawanda, Olivia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A05, 05A19

description: We study a sorting procedure (run-sorting) on permutations, where runs are rearranged in lexicographic order. We describe a rather surprising bijection on permutations on length $n$, with the property that it sends the set of peak-values to the set of peak-values after run-sorting. We also prove that the expected number of descents in a permutation $σ\in S_{n}$ after run-sorting is equal to $(n-2)/3$. Moreover, we provide a closed form of the exponential generating function introduced by Nabawanda, Rakotondrajao and Bamunoba in 2020, for the number of run-sorted permutations of $[n]$, ($RSP(n)$) having $k$ runs, which gives a new interpretation to the sequence A124324 in the Online Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences. We show that the descent generating polynomials, $A_{n}(t)$ for $RSP(n)$ are real rooted, and satisfy an interlacing property similar to that satisfied by the Eulerian polynomials. Finally, we study run-sorted binary words and compute the expected number of descents after run-sorting a binary word of length $n$.
description: 37 pages
Dissolution Kinetics of Malachite in Ethylene Diamine Phosphate Solutions
Creators: name: Shen, Peilun
name: Liu, Ruizeng
name: Liu, Dianwen
name: Zhang, Xiaolin
name: Jia, Xiaodong
name: Song, Kaiwei
Publisher: name: Faculty of Geoengineering, Mining and Geology, Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław
Year: 2019
Subjects: kinetic, dissolution, malachite, organic amine, ethylene diamine phosphate

description: Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; ISSN 2084-4735
Responsible Metrics - Why Management Matters
Creators: name: , Schwamm
name: Slowe, Sarah
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: responsible metrics
research assessment

description: Presentation at Liber 2019 Conference, 26 June 2019. This is an amended version of Sarah Slowe's presentation at Ilide 2019. Management like numbers, especially numbers that gradually (or quickly!) increase over time. It is very easy to explain to more senior management that a 20 is bigger than a 10. However, when it comes to metrics in relation to research, numbers fluctuate over time, bigger is not always better and numbers don’t reveal the whole picture – things that are clear to those working with research outputs, but not necessarily understood at a strategic development level. A management culture that rewards increasing measures over quality, innovation and collaborative interdisciplinary research can lead to many unintended consequences. This presentation will cover why responsible research indicators are important and the role that institutional managers have in their adoption.
Norm of the discrete Cesàro operator minus identity
Creators: name: Sinnamon, Gord
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 26D15, Secondary 47B37

description: The norm of $C-I$ on $\ell^p$, where $C$ is the Cesàro operator, is shown to be $1/(p-1)$ when $1
description: 7 pages, 0 figures
High-Resolution Submillimeter Imaging of the Ly-alpha Blob1 in SSA 22
Creators: name: Matsuda, Y.
name: Iono, D.
name: Ohta, K.
name: Yamada, T.
name: Kawabe, R.
name: Hayashino, T.
name: Peck, A. B.
name: Petitpas, G. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present ~2" resolution submillimeter observations of the submillimeter luminous giant Ly-alpha blob (LAB1) in the SSA 22 protocluster at redshift z=3.1 with the Submillimeter Array (SMA). Although the expected submillimeter flux density is 16 mJy at 880 micron, no emission is detected with the 2".4 x 1".9 (18 x 14 kpc) beam at the 3 sigma level of 4.2 mJy beam^{-1} in the SMA field of view of 35". This is in contrast to the previous lower angular resolution (15") observations where a bright (17 mJy) unresolved submillimeter source was detected at 850 micron toward the LAB1 using the Submillimeter Common-User Bolometer Array on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope. The SMA non-detection suggests that the spatial extent of the submillimeter emission of LAB1 should be larger than 4" (>30 kpc). The most likely interpretation of the spatially extended submillimeter emission is that starbursts occur throughout the large area in LAB1. Some part of the submillimeter emission may come from spatially extended dust expelled from starburst regions by galactic superwind. The spatial extent of the submillimeter emission of LAB1 is similar to those of high redshift radio galaxies rather than submillimeter galaxies.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
The 3D +-J Ising model at the ferromagnetic transition line
Creators: name: Hasenbusch, Martin
name: Toldin, Francesco Parisen
name: Pelissetto, Andrea
name: Vicari, Ettore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the critical behavior of the three-dimensional $\pm J$ Ising model [with a random-exchange probability $P(J_{xy}) = p δ(J_{xy} - J) + (1-p) δ(J_{xy} + J)$] at the transition line between the paramagnetic and ferromagnetic phase, which extends from $p=1$ to a multicritical (Nishimori) point at $p=p_N\approx 0.767$. By a finite-size scaling analysis of Monte Carlo simulations at various values of $p$ in the region $p_N
description: 23 pages, 12 figs
title: MRT-basierte Etablierung von altersabhängigen Normwerten für den myokardialen Blutfluss in Ruhe und unter Belastung mit konsekutiver Berechnung der myokardialen Flussreserve
Creators: name: Fonfara, Helena
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 610 Medicine and health

description: Es wird eine Methode evaluiert, die mittels Koronarsinusflussmessung Rückschlüsse auf die mikrovaskuläre Funktion des Myokards ermöglicht. Retrospektiv wurden 72 gesunde Patienten untersucht. 20 Patienten ≤ 30 J., 31 Patienten zwischen 31 J. und 60 J. und 21 Patienten ≥ 61 J. Alle durchliefen eine Stress-MRT-Untersuchung mit Koronarsinusflussmessung in Ruhe und nach Injektion von Regadenoson bzw. Adenosin. Es bestehen signifikante Unterschiede der koronaren Flussreserve pro Herzschlag zwischen Gr. 1 und 2 und Gr. 1 und 3. Die koronare Flussreserve in der Minute zeigt signifikante Unterschiede zwischen Gr. 1 und 2 und zwischen Gr. 1 und 3. Wenn um das Rate Pressure Product berichtigt, ergeben sich keine signifikanten Unterschiede zwischen den Gruppen. Nach Berichtigung mittels Rate Pressure Product, berechnet anhand der zugrundeliegenden Studienkohorte, imponieren signifikante Unterschiede zwischen Gr.1 und 3. Mit zunehmendem Alter nimmt die koronare Flussreserve ab.
description: Eidesstattliche Erklärung .....
Abbildungsverzeichnis .....
Tabellenverzeichnis .....
Abkürzungsverzeichnis .....
1 Einleitung ..... 1
1.1 Mikrovaskuläre Dysfunktion ..... 1
1.2 MRT-Grundlagen ..... 2
1.2.1 Funktionsdiagnostik ..... 2
1.2.2 Ischämiediagnostik ..... 3
1.2.3 Vitalitätsdiagnostik ..... 3
1.3 Diagnostik der MVD ..... 3
1.3.1 Coronary Flow Reserve (CFR) ..... 4
1.4 MVD Typ 1 ..... 6
1.5 MVD Typ 2 ..... 7
1.6 MVD Typ 3 ..... 8
1.7 MVD Typ 4 ..... 9
1.8 Ziel ..... 9
2 Methodik ..... 11
2.1 Studienkohorte ..... 11
2.2 MRT-Messung ..... 11
2.3 CSF-Messung ..... 13
2.4 Analyse der Scandaten ..... 15
3 Statistische Analyse ..... 19
4 Ergebnisse ..... 20
4.1 Patientenkollektiv ..... 20
4.2 CSF ..... 20
4.3 CFR ..... 21
4.4 Vergleich der Altersgruppen ..... 21
4.5 Einflussfaktoren auf die CFR ..... 22
4.6 Intra- und Interobserverreliabilität ..... 23
5 Diskussion ..... 34
5.1 Studienlimitationen ..... 40
6 Fazit ..... 41
7 Literaturverzeichnis ..... 43
8 Lebenslauf Helena Fonfara ..... 53
9 Danksagung ..... 54
10 Genehmigung der Ethik-Kommission ..... 55
Star Formation in the Bok Globule CB54
Creators: name: Ciardi, David R.
name: Martin, Cynthia Gomez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present mid-infrared (10.4 \micron, 11.7 \micron, and 18.3 \micron) imaging intended to locate and characterize the suspected protostellar components within the Bok globule CB54. We detect and confirm the protostellar status for the near-infrared source CB54YC1-II. The mid-infrared luminosity for CB54YC1-II was found to be $L_{midir} \approx 8 L_\sun$, and we estimate a central source mass of $M_* \approx 0.8 M_\sun$ (for a mass accretion rate of ${\dot M}=10^{-6} M_\sun yr^{-1}$). CB54 harbors another near-infrared source (CB54YC1-I), which was not detected by our observations. The non-detection is consistent with CB54YC1-I being a highly extinguished embedded young A or B star or a background G or F giant. An alternative explanation for CB54YC1-I is that the source is an embedded protostar viewed at an extremely high inclination angle, and the near-infrared detections are not of the central protostar, but of light scattered by the accretion disk into our line of sight. In addition, we have discovered three new mid-infrared sources, which are spatially coincident with the previously known dense core in CB54. The source temperatures ($\sim100$K) and association of the mid-infrared sources with the dense core suggests that these mid-infrared objects may be embedded class 0 protostars.
description: Accepted for Publication in The Astrophysical Journal
A general Schwarz Lemma for almost-Hermitian manifolds
Creators: name: Tosatti, Valentino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32Q60, 53C15

description: We prove a version of Yau's Schwarz Lemma for general almost-complex manifolds equipped with Hermitian metrics. This requires an extension to this setting of the Laplacian comparison theorem. As an application we show that the product of two almost-complex manifolds does not admit any complete Hermitian metric with bisectional curvature bounded between two negative constants that satisfies some additional mild assumptions.
description: 21 pages; v2 added some remarks and references; v3 fixed typos, final version to appear in Communications in Analysis and Geometry
Characterization and cDNA cloning of a novel murine T cell surface antigen YE1/48
Creators: name: Chan, Po-Ying
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: T cell surface antigens are thought to play significant roles in immunological functions. They are involved in cellular interactions and T cell activation and proliferation. Characterization of T cell antigens is important in understanding the molecular machanisms underlying immune responses. The subject of this thesis is to characterize a novel murine T cell surface antigen called YE1/48. YE1/48, defined by two rat monoclonal antibodies YE1/48.10.6 and YE1/32.8.5, is a dimeric glycoprotein with molecular size and charge resembling the murine T cell antigen receptor α/β. It was initially detected at high levels on two T cell lymphomas, EL-4 and MBL-2. In my thesis studies, the YE1/48 antigen was characterized biochemically, a cDNA clone was isolated, and its expression in lymphoid cell populations was determined. The YE1/48 antigen was found to be distinct from the T cell receptor based on direct comparisons of their primary sequences as well as immunological analyses. It is likely a homodimer with similar or identical subunits. No homology with any known proteins could be detected, including the human T cell activation antigen CD28 (T44) which also has a similar dimeric structure as YE1/48. No function of the YE1/48 antigen could be derived from its primary sequence or with the use of the two monoclonal antibodies because the antibodies do not appear to bind to the surface of intact normal T lymphocytes. Some intriguing characteristics of the YE1/48 antigen were observed in the current studies. The YE1/48 antigen belongs to a rare group of type II membrane proteins with orientation of the amino-terminus inside the cell and the carboxy-terminus outside. The YE1/48 gene may have two alleles among different mouse strains and may belong to a multigene family. YE1/48 is expressed at low levels on a wide range of T cells with no restriction to their differentiation stages, and on spleen B cells as well as bone marrow cells. Its expression on lymphocytes is not related to activation or proliferation. However, YE1/48 expression appears to be induced at high levels by Abelson Murine Leukemia Virus-transformation of pre-B cells. Moreover, the epitopes defined by the YE1/48.10.6 and YE1.32.8.5 antibodies seem to be exposed only on three T lymphomas but not on normal T cells. It is thus tantalizing to speculate a correlation of the high level expression of YE1/48 antigen and its epitope exposure on transformed lymphocytes with cellular transformation. In summary, YE1/48 was found to be a novel T cell surface antigen which has similar dimeric structure as the murine T cell receptor α/β and human CD28 (T44). It has now been characterized biochemically, molecularly cloned, and its expression on lymphoid cells has been determined. Although the function of YE1/48 antigen remains unknown, a number of intriguing characteristics observed in the current studies have certainly called for further studies on the antigen and the determination of its function.
Quantitative Resolution to some "Absolute Discrepancies" in Cancer Theories: a View from Phage lambda Genetic Switch
Creators: name: Ao, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Is it possible to understand cancer? Or more specifically, is it possible to understand cancer from genetic side? There already many answers in literature. The most optimistic one has claimed that it is mission-possible. Duesberg and his colleagues reviewed the impressive amount of research results on cancer accumulated over 100 years. It confirms the a general opinion that considering all available experimental results and clinical observations there is no cancer theory without major difficulties, including the prevailing gene-based cancer theories. They have then listed 9 "absolute discrepancies" for such cancer theory. In this letter the quantitative evidence against one of their major reasons for dismissing mutation cancer theory, by both in vivo experiment and a first principle computation, is explicitly pointed out.
description: latex, 7 pages
title: Is cystic interstitial lung disease rare in systemic lupus erythematosus?
Creators: name: Al-saadi, Maryam
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Chest imaging
subject: Lung
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: Cysts
subject: Clinical Case

description: Clinical History: A 48-year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), complicated by interstitial lung disease since 2006 and desquamative interstitial pneumonia diagnosed in 2017, was treated with cyclophosphamide for severe disease progression, undergoing high-resolution CT control scans forward to 2024.

description: 48 years, female
GST- Restructuring Indirect Tax System in India
Creators: name: Dr Tarvinder Kaur
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 150107 Taxation Accounting
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The Goods and Services tax (GST) is the major and considerable indirect tax reform since 1947. The main notion of GST is to replace prevailing taxes like VAT, excise duty, service tax and sales tax. GST will be imposed on manufacture sale and consumption of goods and services. GST is expected to address the falling effect of the existing tax structure and result in the positive reform on the country economically. The paper highlights the background, objectives of the proposed GST and the impact of GST in the present tax scenario in India. The paper further explores various benefits and opportunities of GST.
Self-similar cosmological solutions with dark energy. I: formulation and asymptotic analysis
Creators: name: Harada, Tomohiro
name: Maeda, Hideki
name: Carr, B. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the asymptotic analysis of ordinary differential equations, we classify all spherically symmetric self-similar solutions to the Einstein equations which are asymptotically Friedmann at large distances and contain a perfect fluid with equation of state $p=(γ-1)μ$ with $01$). However, in the latter case there is an additional parameter associated with the weak discontinuity at the sonic point and the solutions are only asymptotically ``quasi-Friedmann'', in the sense that they exhibit an angle deficit at large distances. In the $0
description: 13 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables, final version to appear Physical Review D
Preserving New Physics while Simultaneously Unfolding All Observables
Creators: name: Komiske, Patrick
name: McCormack, W. Patrick
name: Nachman, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Direct searches for new particles at colliders have traditionally been factorized into model proposals by theorists and model testing by experimentalists. With the recent advent of machine learning methods that allow for the simultaneous unfolding of all observables in a given phase space region, there is a new opportunity to blur these traditional boundaries by performing searches on unfolded data. This could facilitate a research program where data are explored in their natural high dimensionality with as little model bias as possible. We study how the information about physics beyond the Standard Model is preserved by full phase space unfolding using an important physics target at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC): exotic Higgs boson decays involving hadronic final states. We find that if the signal cross section is high enough, information about the new physics is visible in the unfolded data. We will show that in some cases, quantifiably all of the information about the new physics is encoded in the unfolded data. Finally, we show that there are still many cases when the unfolding does not work fully or precisely, such as when the signal cross section is small. This study will serve as an important benchmark for enhancing unfolding methods for the LHC and beyond.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures, 1 table
Realization of universal quantum cloning with SQUID qubits in a cavity
Creators: name: Yang, Jian
name: Yu, Ya-Fei
name: Zhang, Zhi-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a scheme to realize $1\to 2$ universal quantum cloning machine (UQCM) with superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) qubits, embeded in a high-Q cavity. CNOT operations are derived to present our scheme, and the two-photon Raman resonance processes are used to increase the operation rate. Compared with previous works, our scheme has advantages in the experimental realization and further utilization.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Single-beam all-optical non-zero field magnetometric sensor for magnetoencephalography applications
Creators: name: Petrenko, M. V.
name: Pazgalev, A. S.
name: Vershovskii, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a method for measuring the magnetic field that allows hyperfine and Zeeman optical pumping, excitation and detection of magnetic resonance by means of a single laser beam with time-modulated ellipticity. This improvement allows us to significantly simplify the Bell-Bloom magnetometric scheme, while retaining its sensitivity. The method does not require the use of radio frequency fields, which is essential when creating arrays of sensors. The results of experimental studies demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method and its potential applicability in most challenging magnetoencephalographic tasks.
Physics of free climbing
Creators: name: Dybiec, Bartłomiej
name: Capała, Karol
name: Barbasz, Jakub
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theory of stochastic processes provides theoretical tools which can be efficiently used to explore properties of noise induced escape kinetics. Since noise facilitated escape over the potential barrier resembles free climbing, one can use the first passage time theory in analysis of rock climbing. We perform the analysis of the mean first passage time in order to answer the question regarding the optimal, i.e., resulting in the fastest climbing, rope length. It is demonstrated that there is a discrete set of favorable rope lengths assuring shortest climbing times, as they correspond to local minima of mean first passage time. Within the set of favorable rope lengths there is the optimal rope giving rise to the shortest climbing time. In particular, more experienced climbers can decrease their climbing time by using longer ropes.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
The strategic interplay between bundling and merging in complementary markets
Creators: name: Mantovani, Andrea
name: Vandekerckhove, Jan
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: SECS-P/01 Economia politica

description: In this paper, two pairs of complementors have to decide whether to merge and eventually
bundle their products. Depending on the degree of competitive pressure in the market, either both pairs decide to merge (with or without bundling), or only one pair merges and bundles, while rivals remain independent. The latter case can very harmful for consumers as it brings surge in prices. We also consider the case in which one pair moves first. Interestingly, we find
a parametric region where first movers merge but refrain from bundling, to not induce rivals to merge as well.
Fragmentation of general relativistic quasi-toroidal polytropes
Creators: name: Zink, Burkhard
name: Stergioulas, Nikolaos
name: Hawke, Ian
name: Ott, Christian D.
name: Schnetter, Erik
name: Mueller, Ewald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the role of rotational instabilities in the context of black hole formation in relativistic stars. In addition to the standard scenario - an axially symmetric dynamical instability forming a horizon at the star's center - the recently found low-$T/|W|$ instabilities are shown to lead to fragmentation and off-center horizon formation in differentially rotating stars. This process might be an alternative pathway to produce SMBHs from supermassive stars with inefficient angular momentum transport.
description: 2 pages, 1 figure. Submitted to the Proceedings of the 11th Marcel Grossmann Meeting (MG11) in Berlin, Germany, July 23-29, 2006
Religious attitudes and home bias: theory and evidence from a pilot study
Creators: name: Leroch, Martin
name: Reggiani, Carlo
name: Rossini, Gianpaolo
name: Zucchelli, Eugenio
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: SECS-P/02 Politica economica

description: This paper examines the relationship between religion and home bias.
We propose a simple theoretical framework that suggests that countries interacting via their representative individuals might show a certain degree of religion-driven international altruism that in turn affects trade. We test these predictions exploiting data from a survey on religious attitudes and individuals' preferences over consumption of home-produced versus foreign goods that we designed and carried out in 15 different countries. We find evidence that religious openness and home bias are negatively correlated. This appears to provide some support to the hypothesis that religious openness, through trust and altruism, may have a pro-trade effect.
Self-similar cosmological solutions with dark energy. II: black holes, naked singularities and wormholes
Creators: name: Maeda, Hideki
name: Harada, Tomohiro
name: Carr, B. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a combination of numerical and analytical methods, exploiting the equations derived in a preceding paper, to classify all spherically symmetric self-similar solutions which are asymptotically Friedmann at large distances and contain a perfect fluid with equation of state $p=(γ-1)μ$ with $0
description: 12 pages, 19 figures, 1 table, final version to appear in Physical Review D
Impacts of regional Arctic sea ice loss and the role of QBO
Creators: name: Eade, Rosie
name: Smith, Doug
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Climate model studies investigating the role of Arctic sea ice loss in future projections have shown a wide range of possible mid-latitude responses in the northern hemisphere, beyond the more robust local thermodynamic warming response. We use new atmosphere-only experiments from the Polar-Amplification-MIP of CMIP6 to further investigate how the dynamic responses in the atmosphere relate to the pattern of sea ice loss in the Arctic on multi-decadal time-scales. The multi-model winter response to reduced Arctic Sea Ice adds further evidence of an equatorward shift of the tropospheric jet and a shift towards the negative phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation. In the Met Office model we find that this tropospheric response is somewhat dominated by the Barents/Kara Seas region, while the stratospheric response is much stronger when the winter Quasi-Biennial Oscillation is in an Easterly phase.
Construction of equilibrium networks with an energy function
Creators: name: Jeong, Daun
name: Choi, M. Y.
name: Park, Hyunggyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct equilibrium networks by introducing an energy function depending on the degree of each node as well as the product of neighboring degrees. With this topological energy function, networks constitute a canonical ensemble, which follows the Boltzmann distribution for given temperature. It is observed that the system undergoes a topological phase transition from a random network to a star or a fully-connected network as the temperature is lowered. Both mean-field analysis and numerical simulations reveal strong first-order phase transitions at temperatures which decrease logarithmically with the system size. Quantitative discrepancies of the simulation results from the mean-field prediction are discussed in view of the strong first-order nature.
description: To appear in J. Phys. A
Sea Ice Outlook Workshop 2021 - Barcelona Supercomputing Center contribution
Creators: name: Acosta Navarro, Juan C
name: Ortega, Pablo
name: Lapin, Vladimir
name: Garcia-Serrano, Javier
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Sensitivity experiments with EC-Earth3 in seasonal forecast mode initialized in May 1st, demonstrated an added value of sea-ice concentration assimilation through surface flux adjustments. This method yields improvements in spring and summer sea-ice concentrations, predominantly in the Atlantic and Eurasian sectors of the Arctic.
A variational formulation of electrodynamics with external sources
Creators: name: De Nicola, Antonio
name: Tulczyjew, Wlodzimierz M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49S05, 70S05

description: We present a variational formulation of electrodynamics using de Rham even and odd differential forms. Our formulation relies on a variational principle more complete than the Hamilton principle and thus leads to field equations with external sources and permits the derivation of the constitutive relations. We interpret a domain in space-time as an odd de Rham 4-current. This permits a treatment of different types of boundary problems in an unified way. In particular we obtain a smooth transition to the infinitesimal version by using a current with a one point support.
description: 23 pages, to appear in Int. J. Geom. Methods Mod. Phys. (IJGMMP)
Universal scaling of the critical temperature and the strange-metal scattering rate in unconventional superconductors
Creators: name: Yuan, Jie
name: Chen, Qihong
name: Jiang, Kun
name: Feng, Zhongpei
name: Lin, Zefeng
name: Yu, Heshan
name: He, Ge
name: Zhang, Jinsong
name: Jiang, Xingyu
name: Zhang, Xu
name: Shi, Yujun
name: Zhang, Yanmin
name: Cheng, Zhi Gang
name: Tamura, Nobumichi
name: Yang, Yifeng
name: Xiang, Tao
name: Hu, Jiangping
name: Takeuchi, Ichiro
name: Jin, Kui
name: Zhao, Zhongxian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dramatic evolution of properties with minute change in the doping level is a hallmark of the complex chemistry which governs cuprate superconductivity as manifested in the celebrated superconducting domes as well as quantum criticality taking place at precise compositions. The strange metal state, where the resistivity varies linearly with temperature, has emerged as a central feature in the normal state of cuprate superconductors. The ubiquity of this behavior signals an intimate link between the scattering mechanism and superconductivity. However, a clear quantitative picture of the correlation has been lacking. Here, we report observation of quantitative scaling laws between the superconducting transition temperature $T_{\rm c}$ and the scattering rate associated with the strange metal state in electron-doped cuprate $\rm La_{2-x}Ce_xCuO_4$ (LCCO) as a precise function of the doping level. High-resolution characterization of epitaxial composition-spread films, which encompass the entire overdoped range of LCCO has allowed us to systematically map its structural and transport properties with unprecedented accuracy and increment of $Δx = 0.0015$. We have uncovered the relations $T_{\rm c}\sim(x_{\rm c}-x)^{0.5}\sim(A_1^\square)^{0.5}$, where $x_c$ is the critical doping where superconductivity disappears on the overdoped side and $A_1^\square$ is the scattering rate of perfect $T$-linear resistivity per CuO$_2$ plane. We argue that the striking similarity of the $T_{\rm c}$ vs $A_1^\square$ relation among cuprates, iron-based and organic superconductors is an indication of a common mechanism of the strange metal behavior and unconventional superconductivity in these systems.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures
A generalization of MacMahon's formula
Creators: name: Vuletić, Mirjana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize the generating formula for plane partitions known as MacMahon's formula as well as its analog for strict plane partitions. We give a 2-parameter generalization of these formulas related to Macdonald's symmetric functions. The formula is especially simple in the Hall-Littlewood case. We also give a bijective proof of the analog of MacMahon's formula for strict plane partitions.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures
High technology locational factors : an analysis of major cities in Canada
Creators: name: Short, Joel Nelson
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: High technology industries have caught the attention of many local economic development agencies, and many of these agencies have attempted to attract high technology industries to their areas. There is a lack of information, however, on the factors that influence the location of high technology. This study attempts to determine the location factors that are important for high technology industries in Canada. Because no universally accepted definition of high technology exists, previous definitions of high technology are examined, and a suitable definition is developed for Canada. A review of existing literature on the locational factors for high technology industry is conducted, and based on this review, a set of locational factors to be examined for Canada is established. Data on the location of high technology in Canadian Census Metropolitan Areas (CMAs) are examined, as well as the spatial incidence of the potential locational factors across the 24 Canadian CMAs. Regression analysis is used to determine the strengths of relationships between high technology industry and locational factors. The results of this study are compared to the results of similar studies conducted in the U.S. and Australia. This study finds that few of the potential locational factors examined have a high correlation with the location of high technology industries. Percentage of labour force in scientific, engineering and mathematical occupations; telephones per capita; income levels; dwelling prices; airport size; university enrolment; and percentage of labour force with university degrees are significant factors; however it is not clear if differences in these variables influence the location of high technology, or if the presence of high technology industries generate differences in these variables. A comparison of the results of this study with the results of similar studies conducted in the U.S. and Australia reveals several similarities and a few differences.
Colliding-Wind Binaries as a Source of TeV Cosmic Rays
Creators: name: Kowal, Grzegorz
name: Falceta-Gonçalves, Diego A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In addition to gamma-ray binaries which contain a compact object, high-energy and very high-energy gamma rays have also been detected from colliding-wind binaries. The collision of the winds produces two strong shock fronts, one for each wind, both surrounding a shock region of compressed and heated plasma, where particles are accelerated to very high energies. Magnetic field is also amplified in the shocked region on which the acceleration of particles greatly depends. In this work, we performed full three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations of colliding winds coupled to a code that evolves the kinematics of passive charged test particles subject to the plasma fluctuations. After the run of a large ensemble of test particles with initial thermal distributions, we show that such shocks produce a nonthermal population (nearly 1% of total particles) of few tens of GeVs up to few TeVs, depending on the initial magnetization level of the stellar winds. We were able to determine the loci of fastest acceleration, in the range of MeV/s to GeV/s, to be related to the turbulent plasma with amplified magnetic field of the shock. These results show that colliding-wind binaries are indeed able to produce a significant population of high-energy particles, in relatively short timescales, compared to the dynamical and diffusion timescales.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures
Super-elastic collisions in a thermally activated system
Creators: name: Kuninaka, Hiroto
name: Hayakawa, Hisao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Impact phenomena of small clusters subject to thermal fluctuations are numerically investigated. From the molecular dynamics simulation for colliding two identical clusters, it is found that the restitution coefficient for head-on collisions can exceed unity when the colliding speed is smaller than the thermal velocity of one ``atom'' of the clusters. The averaged behavior can be understood by the quasi-static theory of impact phenomena. It is also confirmed that our result is governed by the fluctuation theorem.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl. as a proceeding of "Symposium on the 50th anniversary of Alder transition" (2007, http://stat.system.nitech.ac.jp/Alder50/)
Atmospheric response to Arctic sea ice decline in the CNRM-CM6 climate model
Creators: name: Msadek Rym
name: Chripko Svenya
name: Sanchez-Gomez Emilia
name: Terray Laurent
name: Moine Marie-Pierre
name: Bessières Laurent
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Oral presentation at the CLIMERI-France workshop in Bordeaux, France, to present modeling results based on the newly developed French CMIP6 models
Type D Einstein spacetimes in higher dimensions
Creators: name: Pravda, Vojtech
name: Pravdova, Alena
name: Ortaggio, Marcello
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that all static spacetimes in higher dimensions are of Weyl types G, I_i, D or O. This applies also to stationary spacetimes if additional conditions are fulfilled, as for most known black hole/ring solutions. (The conclusions change when the Killing generator becomes null, such as at Killing horizons.) Next we demonstrate that the same Weyl types characterize warped product spacetimes with a one-dimensional Lorentzian (timelike) factor, whereas warped spacetimes with a two-dimensional Lorentzian factor are restricted to the types D or O. By exploring the Bianchi identities, we then analyze the simplest non-trivial case from the above classes - type D vacuum spacetimes, possibly with a cosmological constant, dropping, however, the assumptions that the spacetime is static, stationary or warped. It is shown that for ``generic'' type D vacuum spacetimes the corresponding principal null directions are geodetic in any dimension (this applies also to type II spacetimes). For n>=5, however, there may exist particular cases of type D spacetimes which admit non-geodetic multiple principal null directions and we present such examples in any n>=7. Further studies are restricted to five dimensions, where the type D Weyl tensor is described by a 3x3 matrix Φ_{ij}. In the case with ``twistfree'' (A_{ij}=0) principal null geodesics we show that in a ``generic'' case Φ_{ij} is symmetric and eigenvectors of Φ_{ij} coincide with those of the expansion matrix S_{ij}, providing us with three preferred spacelike directions of the spacetime. Similar results are also obtained when relaxing the twistfree condition and assuming instead that Φ_{ij} is symmetric. The n=5 Myers-Perry black hole and Kerr-NUT-AdS metrics in arbitrary dimension are briefly studied as specific examples of type D vacuum spacetime.
description: 24 pages. v2: new appendix on geometric optics of higher dimensional Kerr-NUT-AdS black holes, minor changes in the text. To appear in Class.Quant.Grav
Link between autumn Arctic Sea ice and Northern Hemisphere winter forecast skill
Creators: name: Ortega, Pablo
name: Acosta Navarro, Juan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: THE 2020 EUROPEAN POLAR SCIENCE WEEK Dynamical forecast systems have low to moderate skill in continental winter predictions in the extratropics. Here we assess the multimodel predictive skill over Northern Hemisphere high latitudes and midlatitudes using four state‐of‐the‐art forecast systems. Our main goal was to quantify the impact of the Arctic sea ice state during November on the sea level pressure (SLP), surface temperature, and precipitation skill during the following winter. Interannual variability of the November Barents and Kara Sea ice is associated with an important fraction of December to February (DJF) prediction skill in regions of Eurasia. We further show that skill related to sea ice in these regions is accompanied with enhanced skill of DJF SLP in western Russia, established by a sea ice‐atmosphere teleconnection mechanism. The teleconnection is strongest when atmospheric blocking conditions in Scandinavia/western Russia in November reduce a systematic SLP bias that is present in all systems.
Anti-Hyperon polarization in high energy pp collisions with polarized beams
Creators: name: Chen, Ye
name: Liang, Zuo-tang
name: Sichtermann, Ernst
name: Xu, Qing-hua
name: Zhou, Shan-shan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the longitudinal polarization of the Sigma_bar and Xi_bar anti-hyperons in polarized high energy pp collisions at large transverse momenta, extending a recent study for the Lambda_bar anti-hyperon. We make predictions by using different parametrizations of the polarized parton densities and models for the polarized fragmentation functions. Similar to the Lambda_bar polarization, the Xi_bar0 and Xi_bar+ polarizations are found to be sensitive to the polarized anti-strange sea in the nucleon. The Sigma_bar- and Sigma_bar+ polarizations show sensitivity to the light sea quark polarizations, Δ\bar u(x) and Δ\bar d(x), and their asymmetry.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures,version to appear in PRD
Atmospheric response to Arctic sea ice decline in global climate model experiments: sensitivity to the sea ice pattern and experimental set up
Creators: name: Msadek Rym
name: Chripko Svenya
name: Sanchez-Gomez Emilia
name: Terray Laurent
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Public presentation at the College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, April 2019
Measuring a Parity Violation Signature in the Early Universe via Ground-based Laser Interferometers
Creators: name: Seto, Naoki
name: Taruya, Atsushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that pairs of widely separated interferometers are advantageous for measuring the Stokes parameter V of a stochastic background of gravitational waves. This parameter characterizes asymmetry of amplitudes of right- and left-handed waves and generation of the asymmetry is closely related to parity violation in the early universe. The advantageous pairs include LIGO(Livingston)-LCGT and AIGO-Virgo that are relatively insensitive to Omega_GW (the simple intensity of the background). Using at least three detectors, information of the intensity Omega_GW and the degree of asymmetry V can be separately measured.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in PRL
Entanglement Wedge Minimum Cross-section in Holographic Massive Gravity Theory
Creators: name: Liu, Peng
name: Niu, Chao
name: Shi, Zi-Jian
name: Zhang, Cheng-Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the entanglement wedge cross-section (EWCS) in holographic massive gravity theory, in which a first and second-order phase transition can occur. We find that the mixed state entanglement measures, the EWCS and mutual information (MI) can characterize the phase transitions. The EWCS and MI show exactly the opposite behavior in the critical region, which suggests that the EWCS captures distinct degrees of freedom from that of the MI. More importantly, EWCS, MI and HEE all show the same scaling behavior in the critical region. We give an analytical understanding of this phenomenon. By comparing the quantum information behavior in the thermodynamic phase transition of holographic superconductors, we analyze the relationship and difference between them, and provide two mechanisms of quantum information scaling behavior in the thermodynamic phase transition.
description: 27 pages, 15 figures
Measurement of B(D_S^+ --> ell^+ nu) and the Decay Constant f_D_{S^+}
Creators: name: CLEO Collaboration
name: Pedlar, T. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine e+e- --> Ds- Ds*+ and Ds*- Ds+ interactions at 4170 MeV using the CLEO-c detector in order to measure the decay constant fDs+. We use the Ds+ --> l+ nu channel, where the l+ designates either a mu+ or a tau+, when the tau+ --> pi+ nu. Analyzing both modes independently, we determine B(Ds+ --> mu+ nu) = (0.594 +- 0.066 +- 0.031)%, and B(Ds+ --> tau+ nu) = (8.0 +- 1.3 +- 0.4)%. We also analyze them simultaneously to find an effective value of B{eff}(Ds+ --> mu+ nu) = (0.638 +- 0.059 +- 0.033)% and extract fDs = (274 +- 13 +- 7) MeV. Combining with our previous determination of B(D+ -> mu+ nu), we also find the ratio fDs/fD+ = 1.23 +- 0.11 +- 0.04. We compare to current theoretical estimates. Finally, we find B(Ds+ --> e+ nu) < 1.3 x10^{-4} at 90% confidence level.
description: 24 pages postscript,also available through http://www.lns.cornell.edu/public/CLNS/2007/, Submitted to PRD