cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Absolute continuity of degenerate elliptic measure
Creators: name: Cao, Mingming
name: Yabuta, Kôzô
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35J25, 42B37, 31B05, 35J08

description: Let $Ω\subset \mathbb{R}^{n+1}$ be an open set whose boundary may be composed of pieces of different dimensions. Assume that $Ω$ satisfies the quantitative openness and connectedness, and there exist doubling measures $m$ on $Ω$ and $μ$ on $\partial Ω$ with appropriate size conditions. Let $Lu=-\mathrm{div}(A\nabla u)$ be a real (not necessarily symmetric) degenerate elliptic operator in $Ω$. Write $ω_L$ for the associated degenerate elliptic measure. We establish the equivalence between the following properties: (i) $ω_L \in A_{\infty}(μ)$, (ii) the Dirichlet problem for $L$ is solvable in $L^p(μ)$ for some $p \in (1, \infty)$, (iii) every bounded null solution of $L$ satisfies Carleson measure estimates with respect to $μ$, (iv) the conical square function is controlled by the non-tangential maximal function in $L^q(μ)$ for all $q \in (0, \infty)$ for any null solution of $L$, and (v) the Dirichlet problem for $L$ is solvable in $\mathrm{BMO}(μ)$. On the other hand, we obtain a qualitative analogy of the previous equivalence. Indeed, we characterize the absolute continuity of $ω_L$ with respect to $μ$ in terms of local $L^2(μ)$ estimates of the truncated conical square function for any bounded null solution of $L$. This is also equivalent to the finiteness $μ$-almost everywhere of the truncated conical square function for any bounded null solution of $L$.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2101.06064
Products of synchronous games
Creators: name: Mančinska, Laura
name: Paulsen, Vern I.
name: Todorov, Ivan G.
name: Winter, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81P45, 46L89, 91A12

description: We show that the *-algebra of the product of two synchronous games is the tensor product of the corresponding *-algebras. We prove that the product game has a perfect C*-strategy if and only if each of the individual games does, and that in this case the C*-algebra of the product game is *-isomorphic to the maximal C*-tensor product of the individual C*-algebras. We provide examples of synchronous games whose synchronous values are strictly supermultiplicative.
Applications for curved glass in buildings
Creators: name: Neugebauer, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering
Year: 2014

description: In the last years an increase of the number of building projects with built-in curved glass can be observed. The applications can principally be curved monolithic glass, laminated safety glass or insulated glass. This fact makes it absolute of interest to make more investigations in this field. The investigations can be focused on e.g. the process of the bending of the glass to bring it into a certain shape, or the very difficult topic of pre-stressing it. The state of the art of the production process of such glass shows some different ways to produce curved glass. The most used way is to bend the glass at a high temperature of more than 550° Celsius. Another kind of curved glass can be achieved in combination with the laminating process. With the cooling down at the end of the laminating process the interlayer becomes stiff enough to hold the shape by activated shear forces between the glass layers. Another possibility is to produce flat glass and bend it while mounting the glass. The question how to pre-stress curved glass is on the very first beginning of investigations. All these different processes are on the first view very easy but very difficult in the detail.
description: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering, Vol. 2 No. 1-2 (2014): Special Issue Glass
A preliminary study of the nonlinearity of adhesive point-fixings in structural glass facades
Creators: name: Dispersyn, Jonas
name: Santarsiero, Manuel
name: Belis, Jan
name: Louter, Christian
Publisher: name: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering
Year: 2014

description: The recent demand for architectural transparency has drastically increased the use of glass material for structural purpose. However, connections between structural glass members represent one of the most critical aspects of glass engineering, due to the fragile behaviour of this material. In that respect, research activities on adhesive point-fixings are currently on-going. The mechanical behaviour of adhesive point-fixings is affected by large nonlinearities, which are usually investigated by nonlinear Finite Element Analysis (FEA). This paper focuses on the geometrical and the material nonlinearities of adhesive point-fixings for glass structures. Firstly, the nonlinear material behaviour of two selected adhesives are investigated by means of uniaxial tension and compression tests on the bulk material. The production of specimens, test methodology and displacement rate dependency are discussed. Secondly, the nonlinear stress distribution occurring in the adhesive and the joint stiffness is investigated by means of nonlinear FEA. The effects of several parameters on the mechanical behaviour of adhesive point-fixings, such as the connection dimensions and adhesive elastic properties, are studied. The adhesive stress-strain curves resulting from the experimental campaign show that the adhesives exhibit a large nonlinear behaviour. The results show that the stress and strain at failure reduce as the displacement rate is reduced. From the numerical investigations it is concluded that large nonlinearity involves the mechanical behaviour of adhesive point-fixing which cannot be neglected. The stress distribution within the adhesive deviates from uniform nominal stresses, even in case of simple load condition, with stress peaks up to four times higher than nominal stresses.
description: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering, Vol. 2 No. 1-2 (2014): Special Issue Glass
Connecting through the reinforcement – design, testing and construction of a folded reinforced glass structure
Creators: name: Carvalho, Paulo L.
name: Cruz, Paulo J. S.
name: Veer, Frederic A.
Publisher: name: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering
Year: 2014

description: A reinforced glass folded structure has been developed using an innovative connection method. The concept relies on extending the reinforcement outwards from the laminated glass and using it to transfer a significant part of the load. The goal is to accomplish a glass element with high stiffness, connected by using a discrete almost invisible and easily assembled/disassembled mechanism. This paper addresses the main issues regarding the design and fabrication of a 90° folded structure, the experimental investigation of the out-of-plane compressive response and the construction of a full-scale prototype (2,95 m high and 5,5 m long) at the campus of the University of Minho. It is demonstrated that the system offers both structural and aesthetical advantages. It combines a specific aesthetic, deriving from its hybrid character, with a considerable amount of out-of-plane compressive strength before and after failure.
description: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering, Vol. 2 No. 1-2 (2014): Special Issue Glass
Nano-textured polymers for future architectural needs
Creators: name: Bastiaansen, Cees W.M.
name: Schenning, Albert
name: Debije, Michael
name: Broer, Dirk J.
Publisher: name: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering
Year: 2013

description: The rapid developments in molecular sciences like nanotechnology and self-organizing molecular systems generate a wealth of new materials and functions. In comparison to electronics the application in architecture remains somewhat underexposed. New functionalities in optics, responsive mechanics, sensing and adjustable permeation for gases and water might add to new opportunities in providing for personal comfort and energy management in houses and professional buildings. With a number of examples we demonstrate how complex but well-controlled molecular architectures provide functionalities worthwhile of being integrated in architectural designs. Optical coatings are capable of switching colors or reflectivity, creating possibilities for design but also for the control of thermal transmission through windows. They respond to temperature, light intensity, or both. Selectively-reflective thin polymer layers or paint pigments can be designed to switch between infrared and visible regions of the solar spectrum. Coatings can be designed to change their topology and thereby their appearance, of interest for in-house light management, or just for aesthetic appeal. Plastic materials can be imbued with the property of autonomous sun tracking and provided morphing behavior upon contact with moisture or exposure to light. Many of these materials need further developments to meet the requirements for building integration with respect to robustness, lifetime, and the like, which will only be accomplished after demonstration of interest from the architectural world.
description: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering, Vol. 1 No. 1-2 (2013)
Additional file 15 of Nomograms for predicting difficult airway based on ultrasound assessment
Creators: name: Wang, Bin
name: Yao, Weidong
name: Xue, Qi
name: Wang, Mingfang
name: Xu, Jianling
name: Chen, Yongquan
name: Zhang, Ye
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biochemistry
Space Science
Medicine
Pharmacology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Additional file 15: Figure S8. The restricted cubic spline (RCS) of IID in DTI.
Preface
Creators: name: Knaack, Ulrich
name: Klein, Tillmann
Publisher: name: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering
Year: 2013

description: We are delighted to announce the launch of the Journal of Facade Design and Engineering. It is the result of an ongoing discussion with colleagues from our discipline about the need for a scientific platform that focusses on the building envelope. Since we founded the Facade Research Group at TU Delft in 2005, we observed a growing demand for facade design and engineering in the building field. One obvious reason is the importance of the facade related to the energy consumption of buildings, as well as the user comfort. This development is also reflected in the scientific field; with many questions yet to be answered. They concern technologies, methods and tools to reach the above mentioned energy savings of buildings. We need to investigate constructional, functional and formal developments of the building envelope and we need more fundamental and in-depth knowledge about facade building materials and structural aspects. This means Facade Design and Engineering is a multidisciplinary field that touches many other scientific disciplines such as Climate Design, Buiding Physics, Structural Design, Architectural Design, Process Management, Product Development and many more. On top of that, we believe that the dissemination of science into practice and industrial innovations must be one of the main targets of the journal. When the European Facade Network was founded in 2009 (http://facades.ning.com), an international community was established that allowed us to start creating a new scientific platform: Facade Design and Engineering is a peer reviewed, open access journal, funded by The Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research NWO (www.nwo.nl). We see 'open access' as the future publishing model. But it certainly requires new financial models which we will have to explore in the coming years. However, primarily it is a great opportunity to attract a broad, open and lively audience and author community. The first issue is an important step. We received a lot of interesting paper contributions by different colleagues and the following issues are already planned. The final goal is to publish four issues per year. While proceeding, we now face the challenging task to shape the scope of the journal in detail (which is currently rather broad) and we need your valuable contribution to it. The published content is one outcome of this activity; the other is the scientific discussion around our interesting discipline. May JFDE become a valuable resource for professionals and academics involved in the design and engineering of the building envelope. We are looking forward to many interesting contributions and discussions.
description: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering, Vol. 1 No. 1-2 (2013)
Efficient algorithms to expedite transient stability analysis of power systems
Creators: name: Zadehkhost, Sajjad
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: With rapid increase in complexity of modern power systems, there is a strong need for better computational tools to ensure the reliable operation of electrical grids. These tools need to be accurate, computationally efficient, and capable of using advanced measurement devices. In this context, transient stability assessment (TSA) is an important study that determines system’s dynamic security margins following a major disturbance. The TSA consists of a set of differential-algebraic equations (DAEs), which are typically solved using time-domain simulation (TDS) approach. While being very accurate, the TDS requires significant computational resources when applied to practical power systems. This problem becomes more significant in transient stability monitoring (TSM), wherein the computational performance of the TDS is typically the bottleneck. This research is to investigate available challenges in the TSM applications and develop new algorithms to help realizing a practical monitoring tool for transient stability studies. The thesis focuses on three research thrusts: i) dynamic reduction of power system to reduce problem size; ii) advanced computation approaches to expedite the TDS method; iii) integration of PMU measurements into the TSM. Initially, a new adaptive aggregation algorithm for dynamic reduction is proposed, wherein parameters of generators and structure of transmission network are considered to aggregate coherent generators and create a reduced-order system. Also, a new criterion is defined to monitor validity of the constructed reduced system. It is shown that the proposed technique is more accurate than traditional aggregation methods. To expedite the TDS approach, this thesis presents two new integration techniques, which are called Multi-Decomposition Approach (MDA) and Successive Linearization and Integration Technique (SLIT). In these methods, the nonlinear DAEs are decomposed into a series of linear subsystems, which participate in approximating actual solution. It is demonstrated that sequential and parallel versions of the MDA and SLIT are faster than state-of-the-art integration techniques. Finally, a dynamic state estimator based on Extended Kalman Filter is developed to convert the PMU measurements into a set of state variables suitable for transient stability studies. Computer studies show that the proposed framework provides accurate results in highly disturbed power systems with fairly low PMU sampling rates.
Optical amplification enhancement in photonic crystals
Creators: name: Sapienza, Riccardo
name: Leonetti, Marco
name: Froufe-Pérez, Luis S.
name: López, Juan Galisteo
name: Conti, Claudio
name: López, Cefe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Improving and controlling the efficiency of a gain medium is one of the most challenging problems of laser research. By measuring the gain length in an opal based photonic crystal doped with laser dye, we demonstrate that optical amplification is more than twenty-fold enhanced along the Gamma-K symmetry directions of the face centered cubic photonic crystal. These results are theoretically explained by directional variations of the density of states, providing a quantitative connection between density of the states and light amplification.
PANACEA Research | D8.3 Communication and Dissemination: strategy and achievements, intermediate version
Creators: name: Parker, Stephanie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Healthcare organisations, Cybersecurity, Medical devices, Medical applications, IT systems, EU policy context, COVID-19, Communication and dissemination strategy, stakeholder engagement, Impact assessments

description: D8.3 is the intermediate version of the PANACEA Research Communication and Dissemination Plan. It reports on the achievements up to June 2020, which is the mid-way stage of this 36-month research and innovation action funded under Europe's Horizon 2020. It explains how PANACEA is adapting its strategy for communication, dissemination of results and stakeholder engagement during the COVID-19 pandemic. It describes its core and complementary stakeholder groups and how PANACEA is engaging with them on a regular basis as key for the successful uptake of the PANACEA toolkit.
Boundary renormalisation of SPDEs
Creators: name: Gerencsér, Máté
name: Hairer, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60H15, 60L30

description: We consider the continuum parabolic Anderson model (PAM) and the dynamical $Φ^4$ equation on the $3$-dimensional cube with boundary conditions. While the Dirichlet solution theories are relatively standard, the case of Neumann/Robin boundary conditions gives rise to a divergent boundary renormalisation. Furthermore for $Φ^4_3$ a `boundary triviality' result is obtained: if one approximates the equation with Neumann boundary conditions and the usual bulk renormalisation, then the limiting process coincides with the one obtained using Dirichlet boundary conditions.
description: 51 pages
Additional file 16 of Nomograms for predicting difficult airway based on ultrasound assessment
Creators: name: Wang, Bin
name: Yao, Weidong
name: Xue, Qi
name: Wang, Mingfang
name: Xu, Jianling
name: Chen, Yongquan
name: Zhang, Ye
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biochemistry
Space Science
Medicine
Pharmacology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Additional file 16: Figure S9. The restricted cubic spline (RCS) of TT in DL.
LSTM Time Series Prediction Model
Creators: name: Taha, Josef
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This model has been trained and tested on air quality data - 2983 day(s) of data. The model has been trained in 3 epochs with a bach size of 32 and a data look back of 5. The 'mean_squared_error' loss function has been applied with an 'adam' optimizer.
Adaptive building envelopes, component development as well as implementation strategies
Creators: name: Klein, Tillmann
name: Knaack, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering
Year: 2015

description: The papers in this issue of JFDE discuss the potential of adaptive building envelopes, component development as well as implementation strategies. The applied practice paper demonstrates decision strategies behind the adaptive sun shading system of the Al-Bahr Towers. Additivity in building envelopes is not only a strategy to fulfil the growing demands for energy efficient buildings and comfort but has great architectural implications as well. In general it asks for more complex components as well as control strategies. But complexity also means costs and risks, and we need to discuss the means and effects. This discussion in particular is very interesting because here science and practice meet. The Journal of Facade Design and Engineering JFDE will actively follow and stimulate by providing high quality contributions. Four of the paper contributions have their origins in the Conference ‘Facades 2014’, held in November 2014 in Lucerne. The contributions have been carefully selected and have been subjected to the regular double blind review process of the journal. We want to thank Prof. Dr. Andres Luible for the help in making this issue happen. We are proud that JFDE is the scientific partner for a number of conferences such as ‘The Future Envelope’ Conference on Building Envelopes held yearly in Delft (NL) or Bath (UK), the ICAE International Congress on Architectural Envelopes in San Sebastian (ES) and the above mentioned conference ‘Facades’ in Lucerne (CH) and Detmold (D). Our latest partner is the ICBEST 2017 - International Conference on Building Envelope Systems and Technologies in Istanbul. The growing number of partners indicates the relevance of JFDE for our growing discipline and will assure the continuity of the journal. Facade Design and Engineering is a peer reviewed, open access journal, funded by The Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research NWO (www.nwo.nl). We see ‘open access’ as the future publishing model. But it certainly requires new financial models which we will have to explore in the coming years.
description: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering, Vol. 3 No. 2 (2015): Facade Design and Engineering
Assessing the performance of an advanced integrated facade by means of simulation: The ACTRESS facade case study
Creators: name: Favoino, Fabio
Publisher: name: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering
Year: 2015

description: The growing demand for both building energy efficiency and indoor environmental comfort is leading to a substantial evolution of the traditional concept of the building envelope. The future building skin is required to be responsive and dynamic, actively regulating the flows of heat, light, air and water from outdoor to indoor and vice versa, in order to effectively respond to ever-changing climatic conditions, occupant comfort and energy efficiency requirements. In the framework of a decade-long research activity on Advanced Integrated Facade, AIF, a new Multifunctional Facade Module called ACTRESS has been conceived: the ACTive, RESponsive and Solar envelope is designed to play different roles through its ability to change its thermo-physical behaviour in order to suit the different environmental conditions. This paper briefly illustrates the ACTRESS MFM concept and its functional strategies, focusing on the simulation and the assessment of the performance of such a dynamic envelope. The numerical study was conducted in order to evaluate the potential energy savings achievable with such a facade and to evaluate different functional strategies and options. The evaluation of the performance in terms of energy savings was done at both component and whole-building level. Moreover this work presents an example of the applicability of Building Performance Simulation tools to the design of an innovative and dynamic facade system, discussing the capability of BPS software in simulating and evaluating the performance of such systems. The results show that the ACTRESS MFM can effectively reduce the total primary energy consumption of an office building up to 55% compared with a reference facade complying with national regulations. On the other hand modelling assumptions and simplifications are needed in order to evaluate the performance of such a system with BPS software, representing a barrier to the design and the adoption of advanced facade systems in the building industry.
description: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering, Vol. 3 No. 2 (2015): Facade Design and Engineering
Eine vergleichende Inhaltsanalyse der Facebook- und Instagram-Beiträge von 20 Öffentlichen Bibliotheken in Deutschland
Creators: name: Beyer, Tomke
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Social Media
subject: Bibliothek
subject: Facebook
subject: Instagram
subject: 020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaften

description: Das Ziel dieser Masterarbeit ist es herauszufinden, ob sich die Beitragstexte und Themen der Posts auf Facebook und Instagram unterscheiden und welche Bibliotheken und Themenkategorien die höchsten Social-Interactions-Kennzahlen erreichen. Für diese Untersuchung wurde eine Inhaltsanalyse durchgeführt, bei der die einzelnen Beiträge der Bibliotheken auf Facebook und Instagram im Untersuchungszeitraum codiert wurden. Während der Codierung wurden zudem die Social-Interactions-Kennzahlen aufgenommen, um diese später auswerten zu können. Im Verlauf dieser Arbeit wurden zunächst Schlüsselbegriffe definiert, die Nutzung von Facebook und Instagram weltweit und in Deutschland sowie die grundlegenden Funktionen der beiden sozialen Netzwerke erläutert. Neben dem Forschungsstand wurden im theoretischen Teil der Arbeit auch verschiedene Standpunkte zu der Verwendung von Facebook und Instagram für Bibliotheken dargestellt. Nach der Beschreibung der Methodik folgten die einzelnen Analysen aller 20 untersuchten Stadtbibliotheken. Daran schloss die Gesamtanalyse an, die die Ergebnisse der Einzelanalysen zusammenbrachte und versuchte, Zusammenhänge zwischen den untersuchten Parametern zu finden. Diese Forschungsarbeit hat gezeigt, wie vielfältig die Beiträge auf Facebook und Instagram der Stadtbibliotheken in Deutschland sind und das es keine spezifischen Faktoren gibt, die hohe Social-Interactions-Zahlen versprechen können. Auch wenn die Themenkategorie Bibliothekseinblick bei vielen Bibliotheken die Rankings angeführt hat, waren bei anderen Bibliotheken auch andere Themenkategorien die jeweiligen Spitzenreiter.
Assessment of five control strategies of an adjustable glazing at three different climate zones
Creators: name: Ritter, Volker
name: Matschi, Christoph
name: Schwarz, Dietrich
Publisher: name: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering
Year: 2015

description: The energy demand for operating modern office spaces is often driven by either the annual heating demand, cooling demand or the demand for electrical lighting. The irradiation of the sun directly and indirectly affects the demand of all three. Consequently, the glazing of higher office buildings is often treated with coating that allows a fixed transmittance. Due to changing exterior conditions and interior needs, a fix-transmittance value is a compromise and most often doesn’t provide optimal thermal and visual conditions. The team in the research project named Fluidglass develops a new glazing in which the transmittance of the glazing can be adjusted. This is possible by colouring a fluid, which is circulated in chambers of the glazing. The concentration of the colorant can be infinitely adjusted. In addition, this window allows collecting heat in the exterior fluid and allows the interior fluid chamber to operate as heating panel. This paper presents a first assessment of different control strategies for adjusting the colorant concentration with a simplified model. The assessed control strategies result in considerably different overall energy demands. Certain control strategies have high potential for reducing the energy demand for heating and cooling depending on the locations (Munich 20–30% , Madrid 50–70% , Dubai 50–60%). However, certain control strategies increase the electricity demand for lighting, which needs to be considered in the further development. In general, control strategies that only consider the solar irradiation are less promising strategies in temperate climate than strategies that also take the interior temperature into account. The results of controls that also respect the thermal comfort based on a Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) index can achieve low energy demand, presuming that a deviation from the highest level of comfort is acceptable. At this stage of research, none of the studied control strategies shows to be optimal for all climate conditions to achieve highest energy reductions. Further research is necessary in the development of a control strategy that can universally be applied.
description: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering, Vol. 3 No. 2 (2015): Facade Design and Engineering
Switching from static to adaptable and dynamic building envelopes: A paradigm shift for the energy efficiency in buildings
Creators: name: Perino, Marco
name: Serra, Valentina
Publisher: name: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering
Year: 2015

description: The key role of the building envelope in attaining building energy efficiency and satisfactory indoor comfort has long been established. Nevertheless, until recent times, all efforts and attention have mainly been focused on increasing and optimizing the thermal insulation of the envelope components. This strategy was a winning approach for a long time, but its limitations became obvious when users and designers started to consider the overall energy demand of a building and started to aim for Zero Energy Building (ZEB) or nearly ZEB goals. New and more revolutionary concepts and technologies needed to be developed to satisfy such challenging requirements. The potential benefits of this technological development are relevant since the building envelope plays a key role in controlling the energy and mass flows from outdoors to indoors (and vice versa) and, moreover, the facades offer a significant opportunity for solar energy exploitation. Several researches have demonstrated that the limitation of the existing facades could be overcome only by switching from ‘static’ to ‘responsive’ and ‘dynamic’ systems, such as Multifunctional Facade Modules (MFMs) and Responsive Building Elements (RBE). These components are able to continuously and pro-actively react to outdoor and indoor environment conditions and facilitate and enhance the exploitation of renewable and low exergy sources. In order to reduce the energy demand, to maximize the indoor comfort conditions and to produce energy at the site, these almost ‘self-sufficient’, or even ‘positive energy’ building skins frequently incorporate different technologies and are functionally connected to other building services and installations. An overview of the technological evolution of the building envelope that has taken place, ranging from traditional components to the innovative skins, will be given in this paper, while focusing on the different approaches that have characterized this development. Examples of innovative solutions for responsive and dynamic components and the future trends of development will also be described.
description: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering, Vol. 3 No. 2 (2015): Facade Design and Engineering
Additional file 7 of Nomograms for predicting difficult airway based on ultrasound assessment
Creators: name: Wang, Bin
name: Yao, Weidong
name: Xue, Qi
name: Wang, Mingfang
name: Xu, Jianling
name: Chen, Yongquan
name: Zhang, Ye
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biochemistry
Space Science
Medicine
Pharmacology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Additional file 7: Table S7. Performance of the difficult laryngoscopy and difficult tracheal intubation nomogram for prediction models.
Heavy and light quarks in the instanton vacuum
Creators: name: Musakhanov, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Assuming the gluon field is well approximated by instanton configurations we derive a light quarks determinant and calculate its contribution to the specific heavy quarks correlators -- namely, the heavy quark propagator and heavy quark-aniquark correlator, receiving the instanton generated light-heavy quarks interaction terms contributions. With these knowledge we calculate the light quark contribution to the interaction between heavy quarks, which might be essential for the properties of a few heavy quarks systems.
description: Talk given at the workshop "Hadron Nuclear Physics 2011", APCTP, Pohang, Republic of Korea, Feb. 21-24, 2011. The workshop proceedings will be published at the EPJ web of conferences (http://www.epj-conferences.org/)
Bridging the gap between selection decisions of facade systems at the early design phase: Issues, challenges and solutions
Creators: name: Kassema, Mohamad
name: Mitchell, Donald
Publisher: name: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering
Year: 2015

description: Building facade has a significant impact on the environmental and economic performance of buildings and projects. The specification of their elements at the early design phase depends on numerous technical, environmental and economic factors and involves several stakeholders. The procurement and delivery of the facade work package from the early design phase, through detailed design and manufacture, to installation is a process with several inherent risk factors due to the involved cost, technical and engineering complexities and its position on the critical path in all projects. This research investigates the process of selection and specification of building facade elements at the early design phases with the overarching aim of identifying the issues affecting specification decisions, their root causes and impact on projects. The research utilizes a mixed research approach which combines a retrospective case study and an industry survey as two research methods that build on each other. The findings suggest that the complexity of specification at the early design phases is exacerbated by factors such as the inadequate technical knowledge of stakeholders involved in the decision making process, the non-involvement of building facade consultants, the late involvement of specialist facade subcontractors, and in a few cases by some commercial exclusivity agreements that restricts specification decisions.
description: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering, Vol. 3 No. 2 (2015): Facade Design and Engineering
Reducing the surface checking of deck-boards exposed to natural weathering: effects of wood species and surface profiling
Creators: name: Cheng, Kenneth Jenkye
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: Surface checking is a defect in wood decking that is highly disliked by consumers. Surface checking can be reduced by selecting species that are more resistant to checking, or profiling deck-boards with a series of V(rib) or U(ripple) shaped grooves. Most literature on checking of decking focuses on species that are already used as exterior products. This provides an opportunity to investigate the use of other under-utilized species as deck-boards. Surface profiling has been applied to deck-boards to reduce checking, but there is little research on why it is effective. I hypothesize that both species and the geometry of surface profiles will significantly influence checking of deck-boards exposed to natural weathering. To test this hypothesis I exposed deck-boards made from 9 untreated softwoods and 8 untreated hardwoods outside for one year and measured the checking of the boards. None of the species performed as well as western red cedar and ipe, durable species that resist checking. However, some diffuse porous hardwoods performed quite well and further improvements might be achieved with chemical or physical treatments. Profilometry was used to classify and identify the geometry of commercially profiled deck-boards. The ratio of the surface grooves (R1) to those of peaks (R2) classified profiles into two categories mentioned in the literature (rib and ripple). A new category of profile (ribble) was also identified that had intermediate characteristics of both rib and ripple profiles. New profiles with various R1/R2 and height to width (H/W) ratios of profile peaks and grooves were tested to examine the effect of profile geometry on the checking of Pacific silver fir boards exposed to natural weathering. Profiling reduced the width of checks but increased cupping of the boards. There was no consistent trend of R1/R2 and H/W ratios on checking, but rib profiles were better than ribble or ripple profiles at restricting checks. Therefore, I conclude that species and profile geometry influence checking. Furthermore, some of the rib profiles could be used with diffuse porous hardwoods and some softwoods to enable them to compete more effectively with decking made from durable wood species or wood plastic composites.
Brans-Dicke Theory and Thermodynamical Laws on Apparent and Event Horizons
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Samarpita
name: Debnath, Ujjal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we have described the Brans-Dicke theory of gravity and given a particular solution by choosing a power law form of scalar field $ϕ$ and constant $ω$. If we assume first law and entropy formula on apparent horizon then we recover Friedmann equations. Next, assuming first law of thermodynamics, the validity conditions of GSL on event horizon are presented. Also without use first law, if we impose the entropy relation on the horizon, then we also obtain the condition of validity of GSL on event horizon. The validity of GSL completely depends on the model of BD scalar field solutions. We have justified that on the apparent horizon the two process are equivalent, but on the event horizon they are not equivalent. If first law is valid on the event horizon then GSL may be satisfied in BD solution, but if first law is not satisfied then GSL is not satisfied in BD solution. So first law always favours GSL on event horizon. In our effective approach, the first law and GSL is always satisfied in apparent horizon, which do not depend on BD theory of gravity.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Activity in Geminid Parent (3200) Phaethon
Creators: name: Jewitt, David
name: Li, Jing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The asteroid (3200) Phaethon is widely recognized as the parent of the Geminid meteoroid stream. However, it has never shown evidence for on-going mass loss or for any form of comet-like activity that would indicate the continued replenishment of the stream. Following an alert by Battams and Watson (2009), we used NASA's STEREO-A spacecraft to image Phaethon near perihelion, in the period UT 2009 June 17 - 22, when the heliocentric distance was near 0.14 AU. The resulting photometry shows an unexpected brightening, by a factor of two, starting UT 2009 June 20.2+/-0.2, which we interpret as an impulsive release of dust particles from Phaethon. If the density is near 2500 kg/m^3, then the emitted dust particles must have a combined mass of ~2.5x10^8 a1 kg, where a1 is the particle radius in millimeters. Assuming a1 = 1, this is approximately 10^-4 of the Geminid stream mass and to replenish the stream in steady-state within its estimated ~1000 yr lifetime would require ~10 events like the one observed, per orbit. Alternatively, on-going mass loss may be unrelated to the event which produced the Phaethon-Geminid complex. An impact origin of the dust is highly unlikely. Phaethon is too hot for water ice to survive, rendering unlikely the possibility that dust is ejected through gas-drag from sublimated ice. Instead, we suggest that Phaethon is essentially a rock comet, in which the small perihelion distance leads both to the production of dust (through thermal fracture and decomposition-cracking of hydrated minerals) and to its ejection into interplanetary space (through radiation pressure sweeping and other effects).
description: 30 pages, 8 figures, accepted by AJ
Innovations in dynamic architecture
Creators: name: Karanouh, Abdulmajid
name: Kerber, Ethan
Publisher: name: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering
Year: 2015

description: High performance adaptive solutions are capable of responding to the dynamic nature of users and context. These innovative and dynamic systems are steadily gaining ground over ubiquitous ‘best fit’ static models. These architectural elements often exist beyond the scope of mainstream building standards and traditional methods for data representation or communication. This presents major challenges to a highly standardized and compartmentalized industry in which ‘innovation’ is limited to a few signature practices that design iconic yet expensive structures, which often prioritize aesthetics over performance. This paper offers an overview of the benefits that integrated dynamic systems bring to buildings. Through an examination of an applied practice, this paper offers guidelines for communicating complex geometry in a clear design language across interdisciplinary collaborations. The use of diagrammatic grammar to translate underlying algorithmic rules into instructions for design allows complex, innovative solutions to be realized more effectively. The ideas presented here are based on the design principles of the competition-winning scheme of the Al-Bahr Towers. As lead consultant in Innovation Design & Research at AHR (former Aedas-UK), Abdulmajid Karanouh designed and spearheaded this project in close collaboration with Arup. The buildings won the Best Innovation Award 2012 by the Council for Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH). The pair of towers won recognition for its performance-driven form, and dynamic facade that operates following the movement of the sun.
description: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering, Vol. 3 No. 2 (2015): Facade Design and Engineering
Facade Design and Engineering - Finding the scope within a growing community
Creators: name: Klein, Tillmann
name: Knaack, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering
Year: 2015

description: Facade Design and Engineering in many cases is related to other fields such as structural design, material technology, design and construction processes, building physics and climate design. In the past, research efforts in the field of building envelopes were directed towards those fields, more or less already established in the scientific world. We started JFDE because we felt a specialised journal was needed to react to a constantly growing interest in the discipline and with it, naturally a growing community of readers and authors.
description: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering, Vol. 2 No. 3-4 (2014): Façade Design and Engineering
Next generation structural silicone glazing
Creators: name: Clift, Charles D.
name: Carbary, Lawrence D.
name: Hutley, Peter
name: Kimberlain, Jon
Publisher: name: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering
Year: 2015

description: This paper presents an advanced engineering evaluation, using nonlinear analysis of hyper elastic material that provides significant improvement to structural silicone glazing (SSG) design in high performance curtain wall systems. Very high cladding wind pressures required in hurricane zones often result in bulky SSG profile dimensions. Architectural desire for aesthetically slender curtain wall framing sight-lines in combination with a desire to reduce aluminium usage led to optimization of silicone material geometry for better stress distribution. To accomplish accurate simulation of predicted behaviour under structural load, robust stress-strain curves of the silicone material are essential. The silicone manufacturer provided physical property testing via a specialized laboratory protocol. A series of rigorous curve fit techniques were then made to closely model test data in the finite element computer analysis that accounts for nonlinear strain of hyper elastic silicone. Comparison of this advanced design technique to traditional SSG design highlights differences in stress distribution contours in the silicone material. Simplified structural engineering per the traditional SSG design method does not provide accurate forecasting of material and stress optimization as shown in the advanced design. Full-scale specimens subject to structural load testing were performed to verify the design capacity, not only for high wind pressure values, but also for debris impact per ASTM E1886 and ASTM E1996. Also, construction of the test specimens allowed development of SSG installation techniques necessitated by the unique geometry of the silicone profile. Finally, correlation of physical test results with theoretical simulations is made, so evaluation of design confidence is possible. This design technique will introduce significant engineering advancement to the curtain wall industry.
description: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering, Vol. 2 No. 3-4 (2014): Façade Design and Engineering
Predicting User Preferences
Creators: name: Sirotkin, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.3.4

description: The many metrics employed for the evaluation of search engine results have not themselves been conclusively evaluated. We propose a new measure for a metric's ability to identify user preference of result lists. Using this measure, we evaluate the metrics Discounted Cumulated Gain, Mean Average Precision and classical precision, finding that the former performs best. We also show that considering more results for a given query can impair rather than improve a metric's ability to predict user preferences.
The core-cusp problem in cold dark matter halos and supernova feedback: Effects of Mass Loss
Creators: name: Ogiya, Go
name: Mori, Masao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The core-cusp problem remains as one of the unsolved discrepancies between observations and theories predicted by the standard paradigm of cold dark matter (CDM) cosmology. To solve this problem, we perform N-body simulations to study the nonlinear response of CDM halos to the variance of the gravitational potential induced by gas removal from galaxy centers. In this study, we focus on the timescale of the gas ejection, which is strongly correlated with stellar activities, and demonstrate that it is one of the key factors in determining the dynamical response of CDM halos. The results of simulations show that the power-low index of the mass-density profile of the dark matter halo correlated with the timescale of the mass loss, and it is flatter when the mass loss occurs over a short time than when it occurs over a long time. However, it is still larger than typical observational values; in other words, the central cusp remains for any mass loss model in the simulations. Moreover, for the slow mass-loss case, the final density profile of the dark matter halo recovers the universal density profiles predicted by the CDM cosmology. Therefore, mass loss driven by stellar feedback may not be an effective mechanism to flatten the central cusp.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal Letters
Identity method to study chemical fluctuations in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
Creators: name: Gazdzicki, M.
name: Grebieszkow, K.
name: Mackowiak, M.
name: Mrowczynski, St.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Event-by-event fluctuations of the chemical composition of the hadronic final state of relativistic heavy-ion collisions carry valuable information on the properties of strongly interacting matter produced in the collisions. However, in experiments incomplete particle identification distorts the observed fluctuation signals. The effect is quantitatively studied and a new technique for measuring chemical fluctuations, the identity method, is proposed. The method fully eliminates the effect of incomplete particle identification. The application of the identity method to experimental data is explained.
description: 8 pages