cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Fast protein folding is governed by memory-dependent friction
Creators: name: Dalton, Benjamin A.
name: Ayaz, Cihan
name: Kiefer, Henrik
name: Klimek, Anton
name: Tepper, Lucas
name: Netz, Roland R.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: protein folding
subject: reaction rate theory
subject: molecular friction
subject: generalized Langevin equation
subject: non-Markovian dynamics
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: When described by a low-dimensional reaction coordinate, the folding rates of most proteins are determined by a subtle interplay between free-energy barriers, which separate folded and unfolded states, and friction. While it is commonplace to extract free-energy profiles from molecular trajectories, a direct evaluation of friction is far more elusive and typically relies on fits of measured reaction rates to memoryless reaction-rate theories. Here, using memory-kernel extraction methods founded on a generalized Langevin equation (GLE) formalism, we directly calculate the time-dependent friction acting on the fraction of native contacts reaction coordinate Q, evaluated for eight fast-folding proteins, taken from a published set of large-scale molecular dynamics protein simulations. Our results reveal that, across the diverse range of proteins represented in this dataset, friction is more influential than free-energy barriers in determining protein folding rates. We also show that proteins fold in a regime where the finite decay time of friction significantly reduces the folding times, in some instances by as much as a factor of 10, compared to predictions based on memoryless friction.
Statistical analysis of emotions and opinions at Digg website
Creators: name: Pohorecki, Piotr
name: Sienkiewicz, Julian
name: Mitrovic, Marija
name: Paltoglou, Georgios
name: Holyst, Janusz A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We performed statistical analysis on data from the Digg.com website, which enables its users to express their opinion on news stories by taking part in forum-like discussions as well as directly evaluate previous posts and stories by assigning so called "diggs". Owing to fact that the content of each post has been annotated with its emotional value, apart from the strictly structural properties, the study also includes an analysis of the average emotional response of the posts commenting the main story. While analysing correlations at the story level, an interesting relationship between the number of diggs and the number of comments received by a story was found. The correlation between the two quantities is high for data where small threads dominate and consistently decreases for longer threads. However, while the correlation of the number of diggs and the average emotional response tends to grow for longer threads, correlations between numbers of comments and the average emotional response are almost zero. We also show that the initial set of comments given to a story has a substantial impact on the further "life" of the discussion: high negative average emotions in the first 10 comments lead to longer threads while the opposite situation results in shorter discussions. We also suggest presence of two different mechanisms governing the evolution of the discussion and, consequently, its length.
description: 26 pages, 16 figures, 6 tables
Muscular myostatin gene expression and plasma concentrations are decreased in critically ill patients
Creators: name: Grunow, Julius J.
name: Reiher, Katja
name: Carbon, Niklas M.
name: Engelhardt, Lilian Jo
name: Mai, Knut
name: Koch, Susanne
name: Schefold, Joerg C.
name: Z’Graggen, Werner
name: Schaller, Stefan J.
name: Fielitz, Jens
name: Spranger, Joachim
name: Weber-Carstens, Steffen
name: Wollersheim, Tobias
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Myostatin
subject: ICUAW
subject: Muscle atrophy
subject: Insulin resistance
subject: Critical illness
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: The objective was to investigate the role of gene expression and plasma levels of the muscular protein myostatin in intensive care unit-acquired weakness (ICUAW). This was performed to evaluate a potential clinical and/ or pathophysiological rationale of therapeutic myostatin inhibition. Methods: A retrospective analysis from pooled data of two prospective studies to assess the dynamics of myostatin plasma concentrations (day 4, 8 and 14) and myostatin gene (MSTN) expression levels in skeletal muscle (day 15) was performed. Associations of myostatin to clinical and electrophysiological outcomes, muscular metabolism and muscular atrophy pathways were investigated. Results: MSTN gene expression (median [IQR] fold change: 1.00 [0.68-1.54] vs. 0.26 [0.11-0.80]; p = 0.004) and myostatin plasma concentrations were significantly reduced in all critically ill patients when compared to healthy controls. In critically ill patients, myostatin plasma concentrations increased over time (median [IQR] fold change: day 4: 0.13 [0.08/0.21] vs. day 8: 0.23 [0.10/0.43] vs. day 14: 0.40 [0.26/0.61]; p < 0.001). Patients with ICUAW versus without ICUAW showed significantly lower MSTN gene expression levels (median [IQR] fold change: 0.17 [0.10/0.33] and 0.51 [0.20/0.86]; p = 0.047). Myostatin levels were directly correlated with muscle strength (correlation coefficient 0.339; p = 0.020) and insulin sensitivity index (correlation coefficient 0.357; p = 0.015). No association was observed between myostatin plasma concentrations as well as MSTN expression levels and levels of mobilization, electrophysiological variables, or markers of atrophy pathways. Conclusion: Muscular gene expression and systemic protein levels of myostatin are downregulated during critical illness. The previously proposed therapeutic inhibition of myostatin does therefore not seem to have a pathophysiological rationale to improve muscle quality in critically ill patients.
Dispelling the myth of robotic efficiency: why human space exploration will tell us more about the Solar System than will robotic exploration alone
Creators: name: Crawford, Ian A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is a widely held view in the astronomical community that unmanned robotic space vehicles are, and will always be, more efficient explorers of planetary surfaces than astronauts (e.g. Coates, 2001; Clements 2009; Rees 2011). Partly this is due to a common assumption that robotic exploration is cheaper than human exploration (although, as we shall see, this isn't necessarily true if like is compared with like), and partly from the expectation that continued developments in technology will relentlessly increase the capability, and reduce the size and cost, of robotic missions to the point that human exploration will not be able to compete. I will argue below that the experience of human exploration during the Apollo missions, more recent field analogue studies, and trends in robotic space exploration actually all point to exactly the opposite conclusion.
description: 12 pages; 5 figures. Published, with minor modifications, in Astronomy and Geophysics, Vol. 53, pp. 2.22-2.26, 2012
It's the Process, Stupid
Creators: name: Bhagwati, Jagdish N.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1993
Subjects: Economics

description: This article reports on the Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act, which was the broadened version of the earlier section-301 legislation that allows U.S. in effect, to designate specific countries as unfair traders, and to threaten them with higher tariffs unless they change their trading practices. Super-301 sounded splendid, the name evoked Superman, taking on Lex Luther, as the virtuous United States battled unfair traders abroad. America pointed its super-301 weapon in May 1989 at Japan, Brazil and India. Japan was the main target, many in U.S. Congress had pressed for the legislation with Japan explicitly in mind. Japan was the classic "unfair trader," a predatory exporter and an exclusionary importer.
title: Watch out that sugar!
Creators: name: De Martino, Sara
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Metabolic disorders
subject: Endocrine disorders
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Emergency
subject: Neuro

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: We present a case-based approach to review the main neuroimaging findings in the setting of acute non-ketotic hyperglycemia...
Spin dynamics in the Kapitza-Dirac effect
Creators: name: Ahrens, Sven
name: Bauke, Heiko
name: Keitel, Christoph H.
name: Müller, Carsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron spin dynamics in Kapitza-Dirac scattering from a standing laser wave of high frequency and high intensity is studied. We develop a fully relativistic quantum theory of the electron motion based on the time-dependent Dirac equation. Distinct spin dynamics, with Rabi oscillations and complete spin-flip transitions, is demonstrated for Kapitza-Dirac scattering involving three photons in a parameter regime accessible to future high-power X-ray laser sources. The Rabi frequency and, thus, the diffraction pattern is shown to depend crucially on the spin degree of freedom.
title: Temporal partitioning of a chlorinated solvent release between transmissive and low permeability zones
title: Hydrology days 2012
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: AGU hydrology days 2012
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Bolhari, A.
name: Sale, T.
name: Colorado State University, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2012

description: 2012 annual AGU hydrology days was held at Colorado State University on March 21 - March 23, 2012.
description: Includes bibliographical references.
description: This paper explores the hypothesis that chlorinated solvent releases evolve temporally and spatially. A two-layer system is considered involving a transmissive layer (e.g. sand) situated above a low permeability layer (e.g. silt). A DNAPL like source is present in the transmissive layer at the upgradient edge of the model domain at the contact between the two layers. A constant source is active for 1000 days. Subsequently the source is shut off and the problem is studied for an additional 2000 days. Total contaminant mass in transmissive and low permeability layer along with total mass in selected profiles of the soil are evaluated. Calculations also take into account the effect of retardation. At 1000 days, with no retardation in the low permeability zone, 32% of the released contaminant mass is present in the low permeability layer. Given the same conditions and retardation factor of 10 in the low permeability zone, 58% of the released contaminant is present in the low permeability layer after 1000 days. Overall, the results illustrate that the nature of the problem evolves from one of dense non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs) in the transmissive layer at early time to one of aqueous and sorbed phases in the low permeability layer at late time. Understanding the evolutionary status of a release can be a key factor in selecting remedies. Furthermore, results indicate that the distribution of contaminants in the low permeability zone evolves with time. This supports the observation that the domain in which significant contaminant mass is present in low permeability zone can be a subset of the overall plume. Critically, this observation suggests that treatment of contaminants in low permeability zones can be limited to a subset of the overall plume domain.
title: Unexpected diagnoses in the evaluation of subepithelial gastric lesions in pneumo-CT with anatomopathological correlation
Creators: name: Lopez Grove, Roy
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Observational
subject: Retrospective
subject: Pathology
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: CT
subject: Stomach (incl. Oesophagus)
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Abdomen
subject: Abdominal Viscera

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Review and illustrate the imaging findings in gastric subepithelial lesions. Demonstrate the usefulness of the distention technique pneumo-CT in their...
Findings from the expert-novice paradigm on differential response behavior among multiple-choice items of a pedagogical content knowledge test – implications for test development
Creators: name: Lieberei, Tobias
name: Welter, Virginia Deborah Elaine
name: Großmann, Leroy
name: Krell, Moritz
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: expert-novice paradigm
subject: test instrument
subject: pedagogical content knowledge (PCK)
subject: scientific reasoning
subject: pre-service science teachers
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: Pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) is one core dimension of teachers’ professional knowledge and comprises knowledge about conceptual ideas of learners and appropriate instructions. However, several challenges regarding the assessment of PCK are discussed in the literature: For example, PCK is a topic-specific construct and contains differentiable subdomains, which must be considered during test development. In addition, the choice of test type needs to be considered. While open-ended instruments can capture a broader range of cognitions, they often require a high level of interpretation; in contrast, multiple-choice instruments have advantages in terms of objectivity and test economy. Some challenges of assessing PCK are particularly related to multiple-choice instruments, such as an insufficient focus on specific components or the accidental assessment of teachers’ beliefs instead of PCK. To better understand and explain these challenges in developing multiple-choice PCK instruments, we exemparly used an instrument to assess PCK about scientific reasoning and considered the assumptions of the expert-novice paradigm to analyze differential response behavior between n = 10 researchers in the field of biology education (experts) and n = 10 undergraduate pre-service biology teachers (novices). As expected, experts scored significantly higher than novices. At the same time, experts answered the items more consistently than novices, i.e., showed less variance. However, the difference found was statistically insignificant. Regarding the explanations for choosing a response option, experts more often correctly identified the quintessence of the items, which means that they more often understand the items as intended and argued based on their PCK. On the other hand, novices focused more on surface characteristics, i.e., they argued rather with surface knowledge like intuition or personal experience, than choosing the response option based on their PCK. These crucial differences in how experts and novices understand the items of the used PCK instrument and how they respond based on their understanding affect different test characteristics. In conclusion, we recommend ensuring that instruments address only a few, specific PCK aspects, considering the target group of a test, and take into account that target groups with larger variability among their responses require a higher number of items to achieve satisfactory discrimination and reliability indices.
title: Autoimmune encephalitis: everything a radiologist should know and does not dare to ask
Creators: name: Hilario Barrio, Amaya
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Inflammation
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: MR
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: CNS
subject: Neuro

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To evaluate the pathophysiology of antibody-mediated encephalitis against surface antigens. To describe different autoimmune responses of cell-surface and intracellular antigens. To review the major antibody subtypes, their clinical and main imaging...
Employment experiences of people with bipolar disorder
Creators: name: Hale, Sandra
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The mental illness called bipolar disorder creates enormous social, economic and health implications for Canadian society. Bipolar disorder (BD) causes fluctuating mood states ranging from depression to mania. Over half a million Canadians live with BD (Schaffer, 2006), and approximately 400,000 are working age, 25-64 years (Wilkins, 2004). In Canada, reported prevalence of unemployment for all persons living with a severe mental illness, including BD, is as high as 90% (Kirby, 2006). The aim of this study was to explore the perspectives of people living with bipolar disorder regarding their employment accomplishments and obstacles, and to understand the adaptive strategies they used to manage both BD and employment. Using a qualitative research framework based primarily on the interpretive descriptive approach, considered especially suited to inform health care practice, purposive sampling identified 10 people living with the extreme mood fluctuations of BD type I. Their experiences were described during one in-depth interview, a follow-up telephone interview, and findings verified through written feedback. Three main themes were revealed, related to (1) hypomania and mania, (2) stigma and disclosure, and (3) employment factors that supported or created obstacles to successful employment. Findings suggest a broader perspective of employment issues should be considered by practitioners and employers to help reduce limitations encountered by this sample of persons with BD type I. Inclusion of social, psychoeducational and organizational issues in the repertoire of job accommodations may improve employment for this population.
Revisiting symmetries of lattice fermions via spin-flavor representation
Creators: name: Kimura, Taro
name: Komatsu, Shota
name: Misumi, Tatsuhiro
name: Noumi, Toshifumi
name: Torii, Shingo
name: Aoki, Sinya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Employing the spin-flavor representation, we investigate the structures of the doubler-mixing symmetries and the mechanisms of their spontaneous breakdown in four types of lattice fermion formulation. We first revisit the $U(4)\timesU(4)A$ symmetries of the naive fermion with the vanishing bare mass m, and re-express them in terms of the spin-flavor representation. We apply the same method to the Wilson fermion, which possesses only the U(1) vector symmetry for general values of m. For a special value of m, however, there emerges an additional U(1) symmetry to be broken by pion condensation. We also explore two types of minimally doubled fermion, and discover a similar kind of symmetry enhancement and its spontaneous breakdown.
description: 25 pages, no figure;v2 typos corrected;v3 Sec.2 is shortened. To appear in JHEP
Decision support for evolving a single software product to a software product line
Creators: name: Ullah, Muhammad Irfan
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2011

description: Bibliography: p. 146-153
description: Offering the right set of features to the targeted customers is a key factor in the success of market-driven software products. While planning for the next release of a single evolving software system, this thesis research addresses the decision problem: Should it be offered as a single product or a product line? Most existing approaches address this problem by focusing on either the business aspects or the technical aspects in isolation of each other. A flexible decision support framework (Contribution 1) which can be customized at different levels of sophistication is presented to address the decision problem. Three instantiations of the framework are presented as a family of decision support methods (Contribution 2). Each method tackles the decision problem with increasing level of sophistication by applying customized algorithms and techniques (Contribution 3). The first method (COPE) applies cluster analysis to identify segments of customers and proposes corresponding product portfolios. A human decision maker is involved to select a solution by informally considering architectural and economic benefits. The second method (COPE+) evaluates the impact of new features on evolving software systems' architectural structure by applying an evolutionary algorithm and a customized graph matching algorithm. This analysis reduces the solutions space and helps the decision maker to select a suitable solution. The third method (OPTESS) formally brings in the economic aspect by allowing the decision maker to perform trade-off analysis between the technical and business objectives. Three illustrative case studies are presented as proof of concepts of the proposed methods (Contribution 4). A decision support tool is provided to help the decision maker in application of the methods by automating some of the activities of these methods (Contribution 5).
title: Endovascular management of obstetric & gynaecologic conditions: a case-based pictorial review for radiology trainees.
Creators: name: Teoh, Strahan
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Haemorrhage
subject: Embolisation
subject: Balloon occlusion
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Oncology
subject: Obstetrics (Pregnancy / birth / postnatal period)
subject: Interventional Radiology

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To understand the various indications, techniques and embolic materials involved in transcatheter management of various obstetric & gynaecologic (O&G) conditions. To appreciate the angiographic appearancesduring thetreatment of these...
An unmixing algorithm for remotely sensed soil moisture
Creators: name: Ines, Amor Valeriano M.
name: Mohanty, Binayak P.
name: Shin, Yongchul
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Remote sensing
Water resources development--Management

description: We present an unmixing method, based on genetic algorithm-soil-vegetation-atmosphere-transfer modeling to extract subgrid information of soil and vegetation from remotely sensed soil moisture (downscaled; e.g., soil hydraulic properties, area fractions of soil-vegetation combinations, and unmixed soil moisture time series) that most land surface models use. The unmixing method was evaluated using numerical experiments comprising mixed pixels with simple and complex soil-vegetation combinations, in idealized case studies (with or without uncertainty) and under actual field conditions (Walnut Creek (WC11) field, Soil Moisture Experiment 2005, Iowa). Additional validation experiments were conducted at an airborne-remote sensing footprint (Little Washita (LW21) site, Southern Great Plains 1997 hydrology campaign, Oklahoma) using Electronically Scanning Thin Array Radiometer (ESTAR). Results of the idealized experiments suggest that the unmixing method can extract optimal or near-optimal solutions to the inverse problem under different hydrologic and climatic conditions. Errors in soil moisture data and initial and boundary conditions can compound uncertainty in the solution. The solutions generated under actual field conditions (WC11 field) were able to match soil moisture observations. Analysis showed that typical soil moisture retention curves of cataloged dominant soils in WC11 field did not match well with the measurements, but those derived from actual field-scale soil moisture inversion matched better. The unmixing method performed well in replicating soil hydraulic behavior at the ESTAR footprint. Unlike in WC11 field, the typical soil moisture retention curves of cataloged soils in LW21 field matched better with the measurements. We envisaged that the unmixing method can provide quick and easy way of extracting subgrid soil moisture variability and soil-vegetation information in a pixel.
Gender Differences in Material, Psychological, and Social Domains of the Income Gradient in Mortality: Implications for Policy
Creators: name: Muennig, Peter A.
name: Kuebler, Meghan
name: Kim, Jaeseung
name: Todorovic, Dusan
name: Rosen, Zohn
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Epidemiology

description: We set out to examine the material, psychological, and sociological pathways mediating the income gradient in health and mortality. We used the 2008 General Social Survey-National Death Index dataset (N = 26,870), which contains three decades of social survey data in the US linked to thirty years of mortality follow-up. We grouped a large number of variables into 3 domains: material, psychological, and sociological using factor analysis. We then employed discrete-time hazard models to examine the extent to which these three domains mediated the income-mortality association among men and women. Overall, the gradient was weaker for females than for males. While psychological and material factors explained mortality hazards among females, hazards among males were explained only by social capital. Poor health significantly predicted both income and mortality, particularly among females, suggesting a strong role for reverse causation. We also find that many traditional associations between income and mortality are absent in this dataset, such as perceived social status.
title: This hepatic focal lesion is for better MRI assessment: When should we mention this statement in our radiological US/CT report? A pictorial review for juniors
Creators: name: Elmansy, Mostafa
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Not applicable
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Haemangioma
subject: Cancer
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: MR physics
subject: Liver
subject: Computer applications
subject: Oncologic Imaging

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To review computed tomography (CT) Imaging appearance of commonly seen hepatic focal lesions in our practice and correlate them with their imaging features in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). To understand MRI protocol and how to make the best use...
Cdc45 Is a Critical Effector of Myc-Dependent DNA Replication Stress
Creators: name: Srinivasan, Seetha V.
name: Dominguez-Sola, David
name: Wang, Lily C.
name: Hyrien, Olivier
name: Gautier, Jean J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: c-Myc oncogenic activity is thought to be mediated in part by its ability to generate DNA replication stress and subsequent genomic instability when deregulated. Previous studies have demonstrated a nontranscriptional role for c-Myc in regulating DNA replication. Here, we analyze the mechanisms by which c-Myc deregulation generates DNA replication stress. We find that overexpression of c-Myc alters the spatiotemporal program of replication initiation by increasing the density of early-replicating origins. We further show that c-Myc deregulation results in elevated replication-fork stalling or collapse and subsequent DNA damage. Notably, these phenotypes are independent of RNA transcription. Finally, we demonstrate that overexpression of Cdc45 recapitulates all c-Myc-induced replication and damage phenotypes and that Cdc45 and GINS function downstream of Myc.
Droplet size distribution in homogeneous isotropic turbulence
Creators: name: Perlekar, Prasad
name: Biferale, Luca
name: Sbragaglia, Mauro
name: Srivastava, Sudhir
name: Toschi, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the physics of droplet breakup in a statistically stationary homogeneous and isotropic turbulent flow by means of high resolution numerical investigations based on the multicomponent lattice Boltzmann method. We verified the validity of the criterion proposed by Hinze (1955) for droplet breakup and we measured the full probability distribution function (pdf) of droplets radii at different Reynolds numbers and for different volume fraction. By means of a Lagrangian tracking we could follow individual droplets along their trajectories, define a local Weber number based on the velocity gradients and study its cross-correlation with droplet deformation.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
title: Compressed Sense: a novel parallel-MRI Technique
Creators: name: Curatolo, Calogero
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Image registration
subject: Economics
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Computer Applications-General
subject: Audit and standards
subject: MR
subject: MR physics
subject: Computer applications
subject: MRI

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: to describe the Compressed Sense (CS) application method, a recently introduced technique in signal processing, which has allowed to overcome some physical limits of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), both reducing considerably scan times up to 50%...
Remote sensing-based determination of deciduous and understory phenology over boreal forest
Creators: name: Rahman, Kazi Mahmudur
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2011

description: Bibliography: p. 90-105
description: A few pages are in colour.
description: Phenology of the deciduous trees and understory grasses are the vegetation developmental stages influenced by the climatic variables. The study of the deciduous and understory phenology is important in understanding plant growth, net ecosystem CO2 exchange, forest flammability, forest hydrology, risk of insect infestation, etc. The objective of the study was to determine the phenological stages of deciduous [i.e., deciduous leaf out (DLO), deciduous leaf fall (DLF)] and understory grass green-up [i.e., green grass stage (GGS)] over the boreal forested region in the Canadian province of Alberta. In this study, the MODIS-based 8-day: (i) surface temperature (Ts)-images to derive the equivalent air temperature (T O ; used to determine DLF), (ii) surface reflectances for calculation of normalized difference water index (NDWI: used to determine DLO and GGS) and (iii) accumulated growing degree days (AGDD: a favourable temperature regime for plant growth: used to determine DLO and GGS). The temporal dynamics of AGDD, T O and NDWI was analysed, in conjunction with in-situ DLO, DLF and GGS observations in determining the optimal thresholds for DLO in 2006 (i.e., 80 degree-days and NDWI 0.325), DLF in 2006-2007 (i.e., 4 °C) and GGS in 2006 (i.e., 90 degree-days and NDWI 0.45). The implementation of these thresholds revealed reasonable agreements [i.e. , on an average (91.9% of the DLO and 94.2% of the GGS for AGDD) and (65% of both DLO and GGS for NDWI) within ±2 periods or ±16 days of deviations during 2007-2008; and 77.4% of the DLF for Ta within same deviations during 2008)] with compare to the in-situ observed data.
Pseudapis sp. 2 W.F.Kirby 1900
Creators: name: Madl, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Halictidae
Pseudapis
Pseudapis sp. 2

description: Pseudapis sp. 2
Nomia oxybeloides WESTWOOD (!): WALKER 1871a: 43 (Tadjoura).
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Tadjoura.
Westwood never described Nomia oxybeloides, but the name is listed in SMITH (1855) and DE DALLA TORRE (1896: 168). Probably it is Pseudapis oxybeloides (SMITH, 1875) recorded from the Oriental region, but the record from Djibouti is not mentioned in BAKER (2002: 69). INNES BEY (1911: 104) listed " Osmia oxybeloides WALKER " from Egypt (Sinai), but not from Djibouti.
description: Published as part of Madl, Michael, 2018, A preliminary catalogue of the Hymenoptera (Insecta) of the Republic of Djibouti, pp. 907-967 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (2) on page 938, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3776452
Constraint-Based Heuristic On-line Test Generation from Non-deterministic I/O EFSMs
Creators: name: Ahman, Danel
name: Kääramees, Marko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.2.5

description: We are investigating on-line model-based test generation from non-deterministic output-observable Input/Output Extended Finite State Machine (I/O EFSM) models of Systems Under Test (SUTs). We propose a novel constraint-based heuristic approach (Heuristic Reactive Planning Tester (xRPT)) for on-line conformance testing non-deterministic SUTs. An indicative feature of xRPT is the capability of making reasonable decisions for achieving the test goals in the on-line testing process by using the results of off-line bounded static reachability analysis based on the SUT model and test goal specification. We present xRPT in detail and make performance comparison with other existing search strategies and approaches on examples with varying complexity.
description: In Proceedings MBT 2012, arXiv:1202.5826
title: The usefulness of Dixon Method for Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Creators: name: Curatolo, Calogero
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Artifacts
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: MR
subject: Neuroradiology spine
subject: Breast
subject: Abdomen
subject: MRI

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: to describe the Dixon method (DM), valid alternative to other saturation techniques to analyze DM physical principles and image acquisition methods. to discuss DM physical principles and image acquisition...
title: Evaluation of the mitral valve before and after mitral valve repair
Creators: name: Paciolla, Fabiano
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Outcomes
subject: Arterial access
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: Cardiac

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Along with the latest increasing number of trancatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) procedures, the field of transcatheter mitral valve intervention (TMVI) is rapidly evolving. This is an overview of the role of both CT and MRI in mitral valve...
Optimizing for an arbitrary Schrödinger cat state
Creators: name: Krauss, Matthias G.
name: Koch, Christiane P.
name: Reich, Daniel M.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum control
subject: Quantum information architectures & platforms
subject: Quantum Information, Science & Technology
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: We derive a set of functionals for optimization towards an arbitrary cat state and demonstrate their application by optimizing the dynamics of a Kerr-nonlinear Hamiltonian with two-photon driving. The versatility of our framework allows us to adapt our functional towards optimization of maximally entangled cat states, applying it to a Jaynes-Cummings model. We identify the strategy of the obtained control fields and determine the quantum speed limit as a function of the cat state's excitation. Finally, we extend our optimization functionals to open quantum system dynamics and apply it to the Jaynes-Cummings model with decay on the oscillator. For strong dissipation and large cat radii, we find a change in the control strategy compared to the case without dissipation. Our results highlight the power of optimal control with functionals specifically crafted for complex physical tasks and the versatility of the quantum optimal control toolbox for practical applications in the quantum technologies.
THE TIME OF POLITICS, THE POLITICS OF TIME, AND POLITICIZED TIME: AN INTRODUCTION TO CHRONOPOLITICS
Creators: name: Esposito, Fernando
name: Becker, Tobias
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: chronopolitics
subject: time/temporalities
subject: politics/power
subject: historicism
subject: 900 Geschichte und Geografie::900 Geschichte::902 Verschiedenes

description: Time is so deeply interwoven with all aspects of politics that its centrality to the political is frequently overlooked. For one, politics has its own times and rhythms. Secondly, time can be an object and an instrument of politics. Thirdly, temporal attributes are used not only to differentiate basic political principles but also to legitimize or delegitimize politics. Finally, politics aims at realizing futures in the present or preventing them from materializing. Consequently, the relationship between politics and time encompasses a broad spectrum of phenomena and processes that cry out for historicization. In our introduction to this History and Theory theme issue on chronopolitics, we argue that the concept of chronopolitics makes it possible to do this and, in the process, to move the operation of rethinking historical temporalities from the periphery toward the center of historiographical attention as well as to engage in a dialogue with scholars from a wide range of disciplines. To this end, we propose a broad concept of chronopolitics by discussing existing definitions, by distinguishing between three central dimensions of chronopolitics (the time of politics, the politics of time, and politicized time), and by systematizing possible approaches to studying chronopolitics.
title: Vaping-associated lung disease: An emerging topic for radiologists
Creators: name: Akinci D'Antonoli, Tugba
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Toxicity
subject: Occupational / Environmental hazards
subject: Biological effects
subject: Outcomes analysis
subject: CT
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Lung
subject: Chest

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To describe recent e-cigarette, or vaping, product use-associated lung injury (EVALI) outbreak in the US To describe the definition of confirmed and possible EVALI cases To reviewimaging manifestations of...
The Causes of Racial Disturbances: Tests of an Explanation
Creators: name: Spilerman, Seymour
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1971
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: African Americans

description: The adequacy of a recently proposed explanation for the location of racial disorders during the 1960's is evaluated in this paper. Two approaches to evaluation are used: (1) The proportion of variation accounted for by the variables assumed to be related to the occurrence of disorders is compared with an estimate of the "maximum explainable proportion of variation," and (2) the structural equation derived from an analysis of the 1961-67 disorders is used to predict the locations of the 1968 disturbances. The conclusions from these investigations support the proposed explanation only with respect to the non-South, but indicate that the distribution of disorders among southern cities has been converging during the late 1960's to the pattern which has been prevalent in the non-South throughout this decade. This finding is interpreted as evidence of the decreasing importance of regional cultures as an intervening factor in the development of black solidarity.
‘All hands on deck’ or separate lifeboats? Public support for European economic solidarity during the Covid-19 pandemic
Creators: name: Bauhr, Monika
name: Charron, Nicholas
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: What are the sources of public support for international aid in times of crises? This paper investigates the determinants of public support for the EU Covid-19 aid package (‘NextGenerationEU’, NGEU), the largest aid package in EU history. Using what is to the best of our knowledge the first EU-wide study of public opinion on the Covid-19 rescue package, we first establish that public support for within-EU redistribution is influenced by long-standing factors such as ideology and citizen identities, corroborating previous literature. Next, our vignette survey experiment shows that short-term shifts in support for the rescue package are driven mostly by elite endorsement cues rather than information about the precise terms of aid or amount. We also find that the role of elite endorsement cues varies across different subsets of the population depending on their level of political sophistication, national level attachment and country context. Conversely, the effects of policy details about the aid package are more mixed. Thus, in the face of multidimensional decision-making in times of crises, national institutions are a key catalyst of moving short-term support for policies of international solidarity. We discuss how our findings have implications for democratic governance and accountability in the EU.
title: Drought severity-duration-frequency analysis of hydrological drought based on copula theory
title: Hydrology days 2012
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: AGU hydrology days 2012
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Kwak, Jaewon
name: Kim, Yeon Soo
name: Lee, Jong So
name: Kim, Hung Soo
name: Colorado State University, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2012
Subjects: drought
joint probability analysis
SDF curve

description: 2012 annual AGU hydrology days was held at Colorado State University on March 21 - March 23, 2012.
description: Includes bibliographical references.
description: Recently, in Korea, occurrences of floods and droughts have been increased due to the climate change and drought is a recurrent phenomenon. But, recurring prolonged droughts have caused consequences and diverse impacts on human system. Therefore, understanding drought characteristics is indispensable element in well-prepared drought management. This study aims to investigate the hydrological droughts of upstream of Namhan river in Korea. For modelling of the joint distribution of drought duration and drought severity, the copula method is used to construct the bivariate drought distribution and return period from the predetermined marginal distributions of drought duration and drought severity.
title: Inflammatory and infectious breast diseases. A pictorial essay.
Creators: name: ramos, nelly
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Observational
subject: Retrospective
subject: Inflammation
subject: Infection
subject: eLearning
subject: Education
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: Mammography
subject: Breast
subject: Multicentre study

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To review the imaging findings of a variety of inflammatory and infectious breast disorders, using selected cases with mammography, ultrasound and magnetic resonance...
Extensions of the Mover-Stayer Model
Creators: name: Spilerman, Seymour
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1972
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Labor economics

description: A major drawback to the traditional Markov formulation of mobility processes is that it assumes population homogeneity with respect to transition behavior. This assumption is clearly violated in most instances of social mobility. In an attempt to relax the homogeneity requirement and still retain the essential character of a Markov process, Blumen, Kogan, and McCarthy (1955) developed the "mover-stayer" model in which heterogeneity is attributed to the presence of two types of persons who differ in their rates of move- ment. In the present paper, the mover-stayer model is generalized to permit a continuous distribution of persons by rate of mobility. The model is illustrated with simulated data and then applied to an analysis of interregional migration.
In-orbit performance of the canx-2 nanosatellite's gps receiver
Creators: name: Kahr, Erin Jennifer
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2011

description: Bibliography: p. 123-129.
description: Many pages are in colour.
description: Includes a copy of Copyright Permissions. Originals with original copy of Partial Copyright Licence.
description: The CanX-2 Nanosatellite is a student built satellite launched into orbit April 28tl1, 2008. Among its scientific payloads, CanX-2 is carrying a commercial off the shelf dual frequency geodetic grade GPS receiver. The receiver, a Nov Ate] OEM4-G2L, is operated intermittently and has been used for the collection of both radio occultation data and orbit determination data. This thesis presents an empirical study of the acquisition properties of the OEM4-G2L under orbital dynamics. A method has been designed for rapidly acquiring a position fix in spite of CanX-2's orbital velocity. First hand experiences of acquisition successes and challenges in orbit have helped refine the method, ultimately cutting the average acquisition time down from 20 minutes to 3.5 minutes, at the cost of operational complexity. An algorithm enabling the same rapid acquisition without ground support has been designed based on the constraints of nanosatellite operations, and validated using CanX-2 data.