cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Towards Spacetime Entanglement Entropy for Interacting Theories
Creators: name: Chen, Yangang
name: Hackl, Lucas
name: Kunjwal, Ravi
name: Moradi, Heidar
name: Yazdi, Yasaman K.
name: Zilhão, Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entanglement entropy of quantum fields in gravitational settings is a topic of growing importance. This entropy of entanglement is conventionally computed relative to Cauchy hypersurfaces where it is possible via a partial tracing to associate a reduced density matrix to the spacelike region of interest. In recent years Sorkin has proposed an alternative, manifestly covariant, formulation of entropy in terms of the spacetime two-point correlation function. This formulation, developed for a Gaussian scalar field theory, is explicitly spacetime in nature and evades some of the possible non-covariance issues faced by the conventional formulation. In this paper we take the first steps towards extending Sorkin's entropy to non-Gaussian theories where Wick's theorem no longer holds and one would expect higher correlators to contribute. We consider quartic perturbations away from the Gaussian case and find that to first order in perturbation theory, the entropy formula derived by Sorkin continues to hold but with the two-point correlators replaced by their perturbation-corrected counterparts. We then show that our results continue to hold for arbitrary perturbations (of both bosonic and fermionic theories). This is a non-trivial and, to our knowledge, novel result. Furthermore we also derive closed-form formulas of the entanglement entropy for arbitrary perturbations at first and second order. Our work also suggests avenues for further extensions to generic interacting theories.
description: v2: 30 pages, 2 figures. Results extended to arbitrary perturbations and a discussion of the second order contributions added. v3 and v4: minor changes
Using Fractal Dimensionality in the Search for Source Models of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays
Creators: name: Stokes, B. T.
name: Jui, C. C. H.
name: Matthews, J. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although the existence of cosmic rays with energies extending well above $10^{19}$ eV has been confirmed, their origin remains one of the most important questions in astro-particle physics today. Several source models have been proposed for the observed set of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs). Yet none of these models have been conclusively identified as corresponding with all of the available data. One possible way of achieving a global test of anisotropy is through the measurement of the information dimension, $D_{\rm I}$, of the arrival directions of a sample of events. $D_{\rm I}$ is a measure of the intrinsic heterogeneity of a data sample. We will show how this method can be used to take into account the extreme asymmetric angular resolution and the highly irregular aperture of a monocular air-fluorescence detector. We will then use a simulated, isotropic event sample to show how this method can be used to place upper limits on any number of source models with no statistical penalty.
description: LaTeX, 23 pages, 41 figures
THE CORRELATIONS BETWEEN CONTROL OF PERSONALITY (INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL LOCUS OF CONTROL) AND FINANCIAL BEHAVIOUR
Creators: name: Mihály, Nikolett
name: Kovács, Ildikó Éva
name: Madarász, Imre
name: Mészáros, Aranka
name: Mihály, Nikolett
name: Kovács, Ildikó Éva
name: Madarász, Imre
name: Mészáros, Aranka
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: locus of control
subject: financial way of thinking
subject: financial behaviour

description: Our paper surveys certain explanatory factors for ‘control’ and its financial consequences. Control describes to what extent an individual feel responsible for the things happening to them and also to what extent external factors are blamed. (In general, a person with internal control perceives the positive or negative events happening to them as a controllable consequence of their own behaviour. In contrast, a person with external control perceives the positive or negative happenings as if there were not any correlations with behavioural patterns and personality traits.) Results show that the elderly tend to be internally controlled when compared with the young and those with higher qualification are also rather controlled internally. It is typical that those with higher income and the self-supporters (who study without the support of their parents) are rather internally controlled. Moreover, the person with internal control is characterised by thrifty and self-supporting attitude as they dare to ask for credit and debts do not bother them as much as the individual with external control.
Neochrysocharis violaceus Askew 1999
Creators: name: Dorchin, Netta
name: Mifsud, David
name: Askew, Richard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Eulophidae
Neochrysocharis
Neochrysocharis violaceus

description: Neochrysocharis violaceus Askew, 1999   (Eulophidae)
 Neochrysocharis violaceus was described from specimens reared from galls of Asphondylia conglomerata De Stefani (Cecidomyiidae) on Atriplex halimus collected in the Canary Islands by U. Sellenschlo (Báez & Askew 1999). Subseqently, several specimens were captured in Los Monegros, Spain, one of which was reared from a gall of Stefaniola salsolae (Tavares) (Cecidomyiidae) on Salsola vermiculata (Askew et al. 2001), and M. Boness reared N. violaceus from galls of the following Cecidomyiidae:
 29♂ 81♀ ex unidentified species in flowers of Halimione portulacoides (Portugal);
 2♀ ex Asphondylia verbasci on Verbascum sinuatum (Portugal) (new host record);
 2♀ ex Lasioptera eryngii (Vallot) on Eryngium maritimum (Menorca) (new host record).
 Material examined. 2♂ 5♀, Malta, Migra Ferħa, 5–25.v.2012, D. Mifsud, emerged 5– 20.6.2012 from galls of Asphondylia scopuli; 5♀, same data, emerged 24–30.vi.2012.
 The finding of N. violaceus in Malta represents a considerable eastwards extension of its hitherto known range.
description: Published as part of Dorchin, Netta, Mifsud, David & Askew, Richard, 2014, Saltbush-associated Asphondylia species (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in the Mediterranean Basin and their chalcidoid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea), pp. 383-396 in Zootaxa 3869 (4) on page 394, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3869.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/4947313
Simple description of neutrinos in SU(5)
Creators: name: Oshimo, Noriyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that experimental results for the masses and mixing of the neutrinos can be understood naturally by a simple grand unification model of SU(5) coupled to N=1 supergravity. No right-handed neutrinos are included. The left-handed neutrinos receive Majorana masses through the couplings with a Higgs boson of symmetric $\bf 15$ representation. Introducing $\bar{\bf 45}$ representation is optional for describing the masses of down-type quarks and charged leptons.
description: 10 pages
A BESZÁLLÍTÓK KIVÁLASZTÁSÁNAK OPTIMALIZÁLÁSA ÉS ÉRTÉKELÉSE
Optimising and evaluating the selection of suppliers
Creators: name: Morauszki, Kinga Szilvia
name: Lajos, Attila
name: Szemere, Tibor Pál
name: Almádi, Bernadett
name: Morauszki, Kinga Szilvia
name: Lajos, Attila
name: Szemere, Tibor Pál
name: Almádi, Bernadett
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: kiválasztás
subject: beszerzés
subject: szerepvállalás
subject: selection
subject: purchasing
subject: roletaking

description: Az ellátási lánc részét képező partnerek, beszállítók meghatározó fontossággal bírnak a vállalat működése során. Minden vállalkozás operatív tevékenységei mellett állandó és új kihívásokkal szembesül napról napra, újra és újra. A cégek – akár az alapanyagpótlást biztosító beszállítókat vizsgáljuk, akár a vevői oldalról a megrendelőket nézzük – nehezen tudnak lépést tartani a változó világgal. A legtöbb problémára azonban a megfelelő beszállító partner jelenti a megoldást, viszont ezen partnerek megtalálása, kiválasztása sokszor gondot okoz. A beszállítói paletta sokrétűsége variábilis képet mutat. Akár általánosan vagy konkrétan iparágspecifikusan vizsgáljuk a stakeholdereken belül a beszállítók csoportját, vannak azok, akik minden vevői követelménynek eleget tudnak tenni, és vannak olyanok, akik csak részlegesen felelnek meg az igényeknek. A kérdés mégis az, hogy ki vagy kik állnak a folyamat hátterében. Jelen tanulmányunk vállalati méret szerint vizsgálta és mutatja be a szerepvállalás témakörét a beszállítók kiválasztása és értékelése során. --------------------- Partners and suppliers that are part of the supply chain have a fundamental importance in the operations of an enterprise. All enterprises have more and more challenges apart from their operative activities, again and again, each day. Enterprises have a hard time keeping the pace with the ever-changing World - whether we take a look at vendors supplying base materials, or the contractors on the purchaser side. However, finding the best supplier partner isn’t the solution for most problems, but finding them causes problems often enough. The supplier palette’s varied, and shows a mixed picture. It doesn’t matter if we analyse the suppliers generally, or specifically for any given sector, there are those, who can satisfy any purchaser requirement, and those who can only partially satisfy them. And yet, the question is: who is, or who are the people behind the process? In this study, we introduce the topic of roles during the choice and evaluation of suppliers from the perspective of organisation size.
Simulated Randomized Benchmarking of a Dynamically Corrected Cross-Resonance Gate
Creators: name: Colmenar, R. K. L.
name: Güngördü, Utkan
name: Kestner, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically consider a cross-resonance (CR) gate implemented by pulse sequences proposed by Calderon-Vargas & Kestner, Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 150502 (2017). These sequences mitigate systematic error to first order, but their effectiveness is limited by one-qubit gate imperfections. Using additional microwave control pulses, it is possible to tune the effective CR Hamiltonian into a regime where these sequences operate optimally. This improves the overall feasibility of these sequences by reducing the one-qubit operations required for error correction. We illustrate this by simulating randomized benchmarking for a system of weakly coupled transmons and show that while this novel pulse sequence does not offer an advantage with the current state of the art in transmons, it does improve the scaling of CR gate infidelity with one-qubit gate infidelity.
Multi-TeV Gamma-Ray Flares from Markarian 421 in 2000 and 2001 Observed with the Tibet Air Shower Array
Creators: name: Amenomori, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several strong TeV gamma-ray flares were detected from Markarian 421 in the years 2000 and 2001 by the Tibet III air shower array at a level of statistical significance of 5.1 sigma. Markarian 421 was unprecedentedly active at X-ray and TeV gamma-ray energies during this period, and a positive correlation was found between the change of the ASM/RXTE X-ray flux and the Tibet TeV gamma-ray flux. When a power-law energy spectrum for gamma-rays from this source is assumed, the spectral index is calculated to be -3.24+-0.69 at the most active phase in 2001. The spectral index observed by the Tibet air shower array is consistent with those obtained via imaging air Cerenkov telescopes.
description: 22 pages, 10 figures, accepted by ApJ
Итоговый отчёт: Узел 73 в квантовых системах и его прикладные возможности
Creators: name: Басаргин, Олег Сергеевич
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Современные квантовые системы представляют собой сложные многоуровневые структуры, в которых взаимодействие узлов играет ключевую роль в формировании вычислительных процессов, запутанности и передачи информации. В ходе исследований было выявлено, что определённые узлы внутри таких систем проявляют особые свойства, влияющие на устойчивость и динамику квантовых состояний. Одним из таких узлов является узел 73, который продемонстрировал аномальные закономерности в вероятностных распределениях и фазовых переходах.
Additional file 1 of Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of guided Internet- and mobile-based CBT for adolescents and young adults with chronic somatic conditions and comorbid depression and anxiety symptoms (youthCOACHCD): study protocol for a multicentre randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Lunkenheimer, Frederike
name: Domhardt, Matthias
name: Geirhos, Agnes
name: Kilian, Reinhold
name: Mueller-Stierlin, Annabel S.
name: Holl, Reinhard W.
name: Meissner, Thomas
name: Minden, Kirsten
name: Moshagen, Morten
name: Ranz, Ramona
name: Sachser, Cedric
name: Staab, Doris
name: Warschburger, Petra
name: Baumeister, Harald
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. SPIRIT 2013 Checklist: Recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents.
Density matrix renormalization group in a two-dimensional $λϕ^4$ Hamiltonian lattice model
Creators: name: Sugihara, Takanori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) is applied to a (1+1)-dimensional $λϕ^4$ model. Spontaneous breakdown of discrete $Z_2$ symmetry is studied numerically using vacuum wavefunctions. We obtain the critical coupling $(λ/μ^2)_{\rm c}=59.89\pm 0.01$ and the critical exponent $β=0.1264\pm 0.0073$, which are consistent with the Monte Carlo and the exact results, respectively. The results are based on extrapolation to the continuum limit with lattice sizes $L=250,500$, and 1000. We show that the lattice size L=500 is sufficiently close to the the limit $L\to\infty$.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures, minor corrections, accepted for publication in JHEP
Additional file 2 of Identification of molecules associated with response to abatacept in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Creators: name: Waka Yokoyama-Kokuryo
name: Yamazaki, Hayato
name: Takeuchi, Tsutomu
name: Amano, Koichi
name: Kikuchi, Jun
name: Kondo, Tsuneo
name: Nakamura, Seiji
name: Sakai, Ryoko
name: Hirano, Fumio
name: Nanki, Toshihiro
name: Koike, Ryuji
name: Harigai, Masayoshi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Clinical characteristics of EULAR responders vs moderate and non-responders at baseline.
ACCESS : A Benchmark for Abstract Causal Event Discovery and Reasoning
Creators: name: Vo, Vy
name: Qu, Lizhen
name: Feng, Tao
name: Hua, Yuncheng
name: Kang, Xiaoxi
name: Fan, Songhai
name: Dwyer, Tim
name: Soon, Lay-Ki
name: Haffari, Gholamreza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Identifying cause-and-effect relationships is critical to understanding real-world dynamics and ultimately causal reasoning. Existing methods for identifying event causality in NLP, including those based on Large Language Models (LLMs), exhibit difficulties in out-of-distribution settings due to the limited scale and heavy reliance on lexical cues within available benchmarks. Modern benchmarks, inspired by probabilistic causal inference, have attempted to construct causal graphs of events as a robust representation of causal knowledge, where \texttt{CRAB} \citep{romanou2023crab} is one such recent benchmark along this line. In this paper, we introduce \texttt{ACCESS}, a benchmark designed for discovery and reasoning over abstract causal events. Unlike existing resources, \texttt{ACCESS} focuses on causality of everyday life events on the abstraction level. We propose a pipeline for identifying abstractions for event generalizations from \texttt{GLUCOSE} \citep{mostafazadeh-etal-2020-glucose}, a large-scale dataset of implicit commonsense causal knowledge, from which we subsequently extract $1,4$K causal pairs. Our experiments highlight the ongoing challenges of using statistical methods and/or LLMs for automatic abstraction identification and causal discovery in NLP. Nonetheless, we demonstrate that the abstract causal knowledge provided in \texttt{ACCESS} can be leveraged for enhancing QA reasoning performance in LLMs.
Yang-Mills Instantons with Lorentz Violation
Creators: name: Colladay, Don
name: McDonald, Pat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An analysis is performed of instanton configurations in pure Euclidean Yang-Mills theory containing small Lorentz-violating perturbations that maintain gauge invariance. Conventional topological arguments are used to show that the general classification of instanton solutions involving the topological charge is the same as in the standard case. Explicit solutions are constructed for general gauge invariant corrections to the action that are quadratic in the curvature. The value of the action is found to be unperturbed to lowest order in the Lorentz-violating parameters.
description: 16 pages
Local Differential Privacy is Not Enough: A Sample Reconstruction Attack against Federated Learning with Local Differential Privacy
Creators: name: You, Zhichao
name: Dong, Xuewen
name: Li, Shujun
name: Liu, Ximeng
name: Ma, Siqi
name: Shen, Yulong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Reconstruction attacks against federated learning (FL) aim to reconstruct users' samples through users' uploaded gradients. Local differential privacy (LDP) is regarded as an effective defense against various attacks, including sample reconstruction in FL, where gradients are clipped and perturbed. Existing attacks are ineffective in FL with LDP since clipped and perturbed gradients obliterate most sample information for reconstruction. Besides, existing attacks embed additional sample information into gradients to improve the attack effect and cause gradient expansion, leading to a more severe gradient clipping in FL with LDP. In this paper, we propose a sample reconstruction attack against LDP-based FL with any target models to reconstruct victims' sensitive samples to illustrate that FL with LDP is not flawless. Considering gradient expansion in reconstruction attacks and noise in LDP, the core of the proposed attack is gradient compression and reconstructed sample denoising. For gradient compression, an inference structure based on sample characteristics is presented to reduce redundant gradients against LDP. For reconstructed sample denoising, we artificially introduce zero gradients to observe noise distribution and scale confidence interval to filter the noise. Theoretical proof guarantees the effectiveness of the proposed attack. Evaluations show that the proposed attack is the only attack that reconstructs victims' training samples in LDP-based FL and has little impact on the target model's accuracy. We conclude that LDP-based FL needs further improvements to defend against sample reconstruction attacks effectively.
Capacity-achieving Spatially Coupled Sparse Superposition Codes with AMP Decoding
Creators: name: Rush, Cynthia
name: Hsieh, Kuan
name: Venkataramanan, Ramji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Sparse superposition codes, also called sparse regression codes (SPARCs), are a class of codes for efficient communication over the AWGN channel at rates approaching the channel capacity. In a standard SPARC, codewords are sparse linear combinations of columns of an i.i.d. Gaussian design matrix, while in a spatially coupled SPARC the design matrix has a block-wise structure, where the variance of the Gaussian entries can be varied across blocks. A well-designed spatial coupling structure can significantly enhance the error performance of iterative decoding algorithms such as Approximate Message Passing (AMP). In this paper, we obtain a non-asymptotic bound on the probability of error of spatially coupled SPARCs with AMP decoding. Applying this bound to a simple band-diagonal design matrix, we prove that spatially coupled SPARCs with AMP decoding achieve the capacity of the AWGN channel. The bound also highlights how the decay of error probability depends on each design parameter of the spatially coupled SPARC. An attractive feature of AMP decoding is that its asymptotic mean squared error (MSE) can be predicted via a deterministic recursion called state evolution. Our result provides the first proof that the MSE concentrates on the state evolution prediction for spatially coupled designs. Combined with the state evolution prediction, this result implies that spatially coupled SPARCs with the proposed band-diagonal design are capacity-achieving. Using the proof technique used to establish the main result, we also obtain a concentration inequality for the MSE of AMP applied to compressed sensing with spatially coupled design matrices. Finally we provide numerical simulation results that demonstrate the finite length error performance of spatially coupled SPARCs. The performance is compared with coded modulation schemes that use LDPC codes from the DVB-S2 standard.
description: To appear in IEEE Transactions on Information Theory. This version contains proofs of two technical lemmas that were omitted in the journal version
Exclusive Electro-Disintegration of 3He at High Q2: I. Generalized Eikonal Approximation
Creators: name: Sargsian, M. M.
name: Abrahamyan, T. V.
name: Strikman, M. I.
name: Frankfurt, L. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a theoretical framework for calculation of high $Q^2$ exclusive electro-disintegration of A=3 systems. The main result of this work is the calculation of the final state interaction of the struck energetic nucleon with recoil nucleons within the generalized eikonal approximation (GEA) which allows us to account for the finite and relatively large momenta of the bound nucleons in the nucleus. The important advantage of this approach is the possibility to study in a self-consistent way the short range correlations in nuclei. This is due to the fact that GEA does not require a stationary condition for recoil nucleons as conventional Glauber approximation does. As a result GEA treats explicitly the Fermi motion of recoil nucleons in the nucleus.
description: 16 pages and 4 figures. To be published in Physical Review C
A single-beam photothermal interferometer for in situ measurements of aerosol light absorption
Creators: name: Visser, Bradley
name: Röhrbein, Jannis
name: Steigmeier, Peter
name: Drinovec, Luka
name: Močnik, Griša
name: Weingartner, Ernest
Publisher: name: Copernicus
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 620 - Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: We have developed a novel single-beam photothermal interferometer and present here its application for the measurement of aerosol light absorption. The use of only a single laser beam allows for a compact optical set-up and significantly easier alignment compared to standard dual-beam photothermal interferometers, making it ideal for field measurements. Due to a unique configuration of the reference interferometer arm, light absorption by aerosols can be determined directly – even in the presence of light-absorbing gases. The instrument can be calibrated directly with light-absorbing gases, such as NO2, and can be used to calibrate other light absorption instruments. The detection limits (1σ) for absorption for 10 and 60 s averaging times were determined to be 14.6 and 7.4 Mm−1, respectively, which for a mass absorption cross section of 10 m2 g−1 leads to equivalent black carbon concentration detection limits of 1460 and 740 ng m−3, respectively. The detection limit could be reduced further by improvements to the isolation of the instrument and the signal detection and processing schemes employed.
Galactic Populations of Ultracompact Binaries
Creators: name: Belczynski, Krzysztof
name: Taam, Ronald E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent RXTE and Chandra discoveries of low mass X-ray binaries with ultra-short orbital periods have initiated theoretical work on the origins of these peculiar systems. Using the StarTrack population synthesis code the formation and evolution of X-ray ultracompact binaries (UCBs) in the Galactic field are analyzed. The relative number of UCBs with a neutron star or a black hole accretor populating our Galaxy is predicted. Our results demonstrate that standard evolutionary scenarios involving primordial binaries can be sufficient to produce the UCBs in the Galactic field without requiring additional processes associated with the dense stellar environments in the cores of globular clusters. In contrast to previous studies we find that the majority of the immediate progenitors of these systems consist of a hydrogen exhausted donor with an ONeMg white dwarf. The evolution of these systems leads to the accretion induced collapse of the white dwarf to a neutron star, which can play an important role in the formation of a majority of Galactic UCBs. We predict that with an increase in the number of X-ray active UCBs hosting neutron stars by an order of magnitude, a system with a black hole accretor may be found.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, Astrophysical Journal, accepted (significant additions)
DDPNOpt: Differential Dynamic Programming Neural Optimizer
Creators: name: Liu, Guan-Horng
name: Chen, Tianrong
name: Theodorou, Evangelos A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Interpretation of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) training as an optimal control problem with nonlinear dynamical systems has received considerable attention recently, yet the algorithmic development remains relatively limited. In this work, we make an attempt along this line by reformulating the training procedure from the trajectory optimization perspective. We first show that most widely-used algorithms for training DNNs can be linked to the Differential Dynamic Programming (DDP), a celebrated second-order method rooted in the Approximate Dynamic Programming. In this vein, we propose a new class of optimizer, DDP Neural Optimizer (DDPNOpt), for training feedforward and convolution networks. DDPNOpt features layer-wise feedback policies which improve convergence and reduce sensitivity to hyper-parameter over existing methods. It outperforms other optimal-control inspired training methods in both convergence and complexity, and is competitive against state-of-the-art first and second order methods. We also observe DDPNOpt has surprising benefit in preventing gradient vanishing. Our work opens up new avenues for principled algorithmic design built upon the optimal control theory.
description: Accepted in International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR) 2021 as Spotlight
Additional file 1 of Gain-of-function mutation in the voltage-gated potassium channel gene KCNQ1 and glucose-stimulated hypoinsulinemia - case report
Creators: name: Jinyi Zhang
name: Juhl, Christian R.
name: Hylten-Cavallius, Louise
name: Salling-Olsen, Morten
name: Linneberg, Allan
name: Holst, Jens Juul
name: Hansen, Torben
name: Kanters, Jørgen K.
name: Torekov, Signe S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Plasma glucose and C-peptide responses to oral glucose ingestion in the KCNQ1 R670K carrier (KCNQ1) and KCNE1 G60D carrier (KCNE1) and their BMI, sex and age matched control participants. Control to KCNQ1 (R670K) (n = 2, men, BMI = 26.8 ± 0.7, age = 49.4 ± 2.3, fat% = 23.9 ± 3.5). Control to KCNE1 (G60D) (n = 2, men, BMI = 19.6 ± 1.3, age = 49.4 ± 0.6, fat% = 16.8 ± 6.6). Figure S2. Results from 3 to 7 day continuous glucose monitors (CGM). Increase of blood glucose levels within 1 h after carbohydrate rich meals(a) and the mean glucose levels for during the whole period(b) from the KCNQ1 (red) R670K carrier (KCNQ1) and KCNE1 G60D carrier (KCNE1) (blue) and their matched control participants, means ± SEM.
The $κ$ resonance in s wave $πK$ scatterings
Creators: name: Zheng, H. Q.
name: Zhou, Z. Y.
name: Qin, G. Y.
name: Xiao, Z. G.
name: Wang, J. J.
name: Wu, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new unitarization approach incorporated with chiral symmetry is established and applied to study the $πK$ elastic scatterings. We demonstrate that the $κ$ resonance exists, if the scattering length parameter in the I=1/2, J=0 channel does not deviate much from its value predicted by chiral perturbation theory. The mass and width of the $κ$ resonance is found to be $M_κ=594\pm 79MeV$, $Γ_κ=724\pm 332MeV$, obtained by fitting the LASS data up to 1430MeV. Better determination to the pole parameters is possible if the chiral predictions on scattering lengths are taken into account.
description: Minor corrections made on discussions and typos. 1 ref. added version to appear in Nuclear Physics A
Additional file 2 of Pharmacotherapy of restricted/repetitive behavior in autism spectrum disorder:a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Yanjie Yu
name: Ashmita Chaulagain
name: Pedersen, Sindre Andre
name: Lydersen, Stian
name: Leventhal, Bennett L.
name: Szatmari, Peter
name: Aleksic, Branko
name: Ozaki, Norio
name: Skokauskas, Norbert
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Detail search strategy.
Constraints on Primordial Black Holes
Creators: name: Carr, Bernard
name: Kohri, Kazunori
name: Sendouda, Yuuiti
name: Yokoyama, Jun'ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We update the constraints on the fraction of the Universe that may have gone into primordial black holes (PBHs) over the mass range $10^{-5}\text{--}10^{50}$ g. Those smaller than $\sim 10^{15}$ g would have evaporated by now due to Hawking radiation, so their abundance at formation is constrained by the effects of evaporated particles on big bang nucleosynthesis, the cosmic microwave background (CMB), the Galactic and extragalactic $γ$-ray and cosmic ray backgrounds and the possible generation of stable Planck mass relics. PBHs larger than $\sim 10^{15}$ g are subject to a variety of constraints associated with gravitational lensing, dynamical effects, influence on large-scale structure, accretion and gravitational waves. We discuss the constraints on both the initial collapse fraction and the current fraction of the CDM in PBHs at each mass scale but stress that many of the constraints are associated with observational or theoretical uncertainties. We also consider indirect constraints associated with the amplitude of the primordial density fluctuations, such as second-order tensor perturbations and $μ$-distortions arising from the effect of acoustic reheating on the CMB, if PBHs are created from the high-$σ$ peaks of nearly Gaussian fluctuations. Finally we discuss how the constraints are modified if the PBHs have an extended mass function, this being relevant if PBHs provide some combination of the dark matter, the LIGO/Virgo coalescences and the seeds for cosmic structure. Even if PBHs make a small contribution to the dark matter, they could play an important cosmological role and provide a unique probe of the early Universe.
description: 67 pages, 22 figures, REVTeX 4.1, updated to include papers in 2020. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:0912.5297
Mapping of Large Scale 158 micron [CII] Line Emission: Orion A
Creators: name: Mookerjea, B.
name: Ghosh, S. K.
name: Kaneda, H.
name: Nakagawa, T.
name: Ojha, D. K.
name: Rengarajan, T. N.
name: Shibai, H.
name: Verma, R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first results of an observational programme undertaken to map the fine structure line emission of singly ionized carbon ([CII] 157.7409 micron) over extended regions using a Fabry Perot spectrometer newly installed at the focal plane of a 100cm balloon-borne far-infrared telescope. This new combination of instruments has a velocity resolution of ~200 km/s and an angular resolution of 1.5'. During the first flight, an area of 30'x15' in Orion A was mapped. The observed [CII] intensity distribution has been compared with the velocity-integrated intensity distributions of 13CO(1-0), CI(1-0) and CO(3-2) from the literature. The observed line intensities and ratios have been analyzed using the PDR models by Kaufman et al. 1999 to derive the incident UV flux and volume density at a few selected positions.
description: To appear in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Nonlinear realization of chiral symmetry breaking in holographic soft wall models
Creators: name: Ballon-Bayona, Alfonso
name: Mamani, Luis A. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate nonlinear extensions of the holographic soft wall model proposed by Karch, Katz, Son and Stephanov \cite{Karch:2006pv} with a positive quadratic dilaton. We consider a Higgs potential for the tachyonic field that brings a more natural realisation of chiral symmetry breaking in the infrared regime. Utilising the AdS/CFT dictionary and holographic renormalisation we find the chiral condensate as a function of the quark mass. The nonlinearity of the Higgs potential leads to a nonlinear relation between the chiral condensate and the quark mass. Solving the effective Schrödinger equations for the field perturbations we estimate meson masses and decay constants and evaluate their dependence on the quark mass. In the axial and pseudoscalar sector we find an interesting behaviour for the decay constants as the quark mass increases. We also investigate the effect of a 5d running mass for the tachyonic field. We conclude that nonlinear soft wall models with a Higgs potential for the tachyon and a positive quadratic dilaton do not provide spontaneous symmetry breaking in the chiral limit.
description: v2: 46 pages, 30 figures (figures improved, references added). v3: some typos corrected
POSSIBILITIES OF STRATEGIC PLANNING FOR A GIVEN SAVINGS COOPERATIVE
A stratégiai tervezés lehetőségei egy adott takarékszövetkezet vonatkozásában
Creators: name: Szőke, Brigitta
name: Sidlovicsné Tóth, Ildikó
name: Szőke, Brigitta
name: Sidlovicsné Tóth, Ildikó
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: planning
subject: strategic
subject: Savings cooperative
subject: opportunities
subject: risk factors
subject: tervezés, stratégia
subject: takarékszövetkezet
subject: lehetőségek
subject: kockázati tényezők

description: Strategic planning is a condition of building the future. It’s a continuously conducted activity, which covers a longer timeframe. All activities and tactical steps of strategic planning are done in order to reach the final goal. The goal of creating strategies is to reach business goals through enchancing strategic thinking. Strategy selects the main acting routes and operational limits. The strategic decisions made by the management are future-oriented. They have an impact on later options. As the future is unknown, and we can only base on forecasts, and oftentimes assumptions, strategic decisions are necessarily risky. The goal of our study is to introduce the options of strategic planning through the example of a certain Savings cooperative, in order to identify the possibilities of savings cooperatives for the future, their opportunities, and probable risk factors. --------------------- A stratégiai tervezés a jövő építésének feltétele. Folyamatos tevékenység, amely mindig hosszabb távot fog át. A stratégiai tervezésben minden tevékenység, minden taktikai lépés a végső cél elérését szolgálja. A stratégiaalkotás célja a stratégiai gondolkodás elősegítésén keresztül az üzleti célok elérése. A stratégia kijelöli a fő cselekvési irányokat és a működési kereteket. A vezetés által meghozott stratégiai döntések jövőorientáltak, befolyásolják a későbbi választási lehetőségeket. Mivel a jövő bizonytalan, és mindössze előrejelzésekre, sok esetben feltételezésekre támaszkodhatunk, a stratégiai döntések szükségszerűen kockázatosak. Tanulmányunk célja, hogy bemutassuk a stratégiai tervezés lehetőségeit egy adott takarékszövetkezet példáján keresztül, hogy ezáltal feltárjuk a szövetkezet jövőbeni kilátásait, lehetőségeit és az esetleges kockázati tényezőket.
Additional file 3 of Retrospective data analyses of social and environmental determinants of malaria control for elimination prospects in Eritrea
Creators: name: Mihreteab, Selam
name: Jailos Lubinda
name: Bingxin Zhao
name: Rodriguez-Morales, Alfonso J.
name: Ajlina Karamehic-Muratovic
name: Goitom, Aman
name: Shad, Muhammad Yousaf
name: Ubydul Haque
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Table S2. Change detection tests to confirm time points with identifiable significant changes.
Hydrophis laboutei Rasmussen and Ineich 2000
Creators: name: Rasmussen, Arne Redsted
name: Sanders, Kate Laura
name: Guinea, Michael L.
name: Amey, Andrew P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Elapidae
Hydrophis
Hydrophis laboutei

description: Hydrophis laboutei Rasmussen and Ineich 2000.
 First described from the Chesterfield Reefs New Caledonia based on two specimens deposited at NHMN. We have found another specimen of H. laboutei in the collection of the Australian Museum also from Chesterfield Reefs. The type locality is not far from Australian waters so this species is likely to occur on reef complexes within eastern Australian waters (Cogger, 2007) and therefore we include it in the possible list.
description: Published as part of Rasmussen, Arne Redsted, Sanders, Kate Laura, Guinea, Michael L. & Amey, Andrew P., 2014, Sea snakes in Australian waters (Serpentes: subfamilies Hydrophiinae and Laticaudinae) - a review with an updated identification key, pp. 351-371 in Zootaxa 3869 (4) on page 354, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3869.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4947280
Signature-based algorithms for Gr{ö}bner bases over Tate algebras
Creators: name: Caruso, Xavier
name: Vaccon, Tristan
name: Verron, Thibaut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Introduced by Tate in [Ta71], Tate algebras play a major role in the context of analytic geometry over the-adics, where they act as a counterpart to the use of polynomial algebras in classical algebraic geometry. In [CVV19] the formalism of Gr{ö}bner bases over Tate algebras has been introduced and effectively implemented. One of the bottleneck in the algorithms was the time spent on reduction , which are significantly costlier than over polynomials. In the present article, we introduce two signature-based Gr{ö}bner bases algorithms for Tate algebras, in order to avoid many reductions. They have been implemented in SageMath. We discuss their superiority based on numerical evidences.
description: ISSAC 2021 - International Symposium on Symbolic and Algebraic Computation, Jul 2020, Kalamata / Virtual, Greece
Turbulence in Clusters of Galaxies and X-Ray Line Profiles
Creators: name: Inogamov, N. A.
name: Sunyaev, R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large-scale bulk motions and hydrodynamic turbulence in the intergalactic gas inside clusters of galaxies significantly broaden X-ray emission lines. For lines of heavy ions (primarily helium-like and hydrogen-like iron ions), the hydrodynamic broadening is significantly larger than the thermal broadening. Since cluster of galaxies have a negligible optical depth for resonant scattering in forbidden and intercombination lines of these ions, these lines are not additionally broadened. At the same time, they are very intense, which allows deviations of the spectrum from the Gaussian spectrum in the line wings to be investigated. The line shape becomes an important indicator of bulk hydrodynamic processes because the cryogenic detectors of new generation of X-ray observatories will have a high energy resolution (from 5 eV for ASTRO-E2 to 1-2 eV for Constellation-X and XEUS). We use the spectral representation of a Kolmogorov cascade in the inertial range to calculate the characteristic shapes of X-ray lines. Significant deviations in the line profiles from the Gaussian profile (shape asymmetry, additional peaks, sharp breaks in the exponential tails) are expected for large-scale turbulence. The kinematic SZ effect and the X-ray line profile carry different information about the hydrodynamic velocity distribution in clusters of galaxies and complement each other, allowing the redshift, the peculiar velocity of the cluster, and the bulk velocity dispersion to be measured and separated
description: 29 pages, 12 figures, Astronomy Letters 2003, v.29, p.791
Additional file 1 of Pharmacotherapy of restricted/repetitive behavior in autism spectrum disorder:a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Yanjie Yu
name: Ashmita Chaulagain
name: Pedersen, Sindre Andre
name: Lydersen, Stian
name: Leventhal, Bennett L.
name: Szatmari, Peter
name: Aleksic, Branko
name: Ozaki, Norio
name: Skokauskas, Norbert
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. PRISMA checklist.
Hydrophis melanocephalus Gray 1849
Creators: name: Rasmussen, Arne Redsted
name: Sanders, Kate Laura
name: Guinea, Michael L.
name: Amey, Andrew P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Elapidae
Hydrophis
Hydrophis melanocephalus

description: Hydrophis melanocephalus Gray, 1849.
 This species is first mentioned by McDowell (1972) and later by Cogger (1975) and Minton (1975), from the Australian region. Kharin (1984a) re-described the Australian specimens referred by McDowell to H. melanocephalus and created a new species, H. coggeri (Kharin, 1984a). Hydrophis coggeri was accepted as a valid species occurring in the Australian and Southeast Asian regions to Fiji (Cogger, 1992; Heatwole & Cogger, 1994a; Ineich, 2007; Sanders, Lee, et al., 2013; Wilson & Swan, 2010). The distribution of H. melanocephalus is recorded as the following: Japan, China, Taiwan, Vietnam and Sulawesi (David & Ineich, 1999; Rasmussen, Elmberg, et al., 2011; Sanders, Rasmussen, et al., 2013). We have not found any specimens or other evidence to confirm H. melanocephalus in Australian waters. We therefore include this species neither in the checklist nor in the list of possible Australian sea snakes and regard all the Australian specimens referred to H. melanocephalus as belonging to the taxon H. coggeri.
description: Published as part of Rasmussen, Arne Redsted, Sanders, Kate Laura, Guinea, Michael L. & Amey, Andrew P., 2014, Sea snakes in Australian waters (Serpentes: subfamilies Hydrophiinae and Laticaudinae) - a review with an updated identification key, pp. 351-371 in Zootaxa 3869 (4) on page 354, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3869.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4947280
MixDec Sampling: A Soft Link-based Sampling Method of Graph Neural Network for Recommendation
Creators: name: Xie, Xiangjin
name: Chen, Yuxin
name: Wang, Ruipeng
name: Ouyang, Kai
name: Zhang, Zihan
name: Zheng, Hai-Tao
name: Qian, Buyue
name: Zheng, Hansen
name: Hu, Bo
name: Zhuo, Chengxiang
name: Li, Zang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Graph neural networks have been widely used in recent recommender systems, where negative sampling plays an important role. Existing negative sampling methods restrict the relationship between nodes as either hard positive pairs or hard negative pairs. This leads to the loss of structural information, and lacks the mechanism to generate positive pairs for nodes with few neighbors. To overcome limitations, we propose a novel soft link-based sampling method, namely MixDec Sampling, which consists of Mixup Sampling module and Decay Sampling module. The Mixup Sampling augments node features by synthesizing new nodes and soft links, which provides sufficient number of samples for nodes with few neighbors. The Decay Sampling strengthens the digestion of graph structure information by generating soft links for node embedding learning. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to model sampling relationships between nodes by soft links in GNN-based recommender systems. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed MixDec Sampling can significantly and consistently improve the recommendation performance of several representative GNN-based models on various recommendation benchmarks.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Minnesota Applied Economist 738, Spring 2021
Creators: name: Homans, Frances
name: Clausen, Hailey
name: Homans, Frances
name: Clausen, Hailey
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: In this issue: Notes from the Department Head by Frances Homans; Economics and Entrepreneurship featuring Jeff Stamp; Alumnus Highlight featuring John Reeder; College in the Modern Age by Hailey Clausen; Getting the Wrong Right featuring Arif Husain; Spotlight featuring Pauline Van Nurden; In Memoriam, Roy Black and Bud Stanton