cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Decadal Trends in the Oceanic Storage of Anthropogenic Carbon from 1994 to 2014
Creators: name: Müller, Jens Daniel
name: Gruber, Nicolas
name: Carter, Brendan
name: Feely, Richard
name: Ishii, Masao
name: Lange, Nico
name: Lauvset, Siv K.
name: Murata, Akihiko
name: Olsen, Are
name: Pérez, Fíz F.
name: Sabine, Christopher
name: Tanhua, Toste
name: Wanninkhof, Rik
name: Zhu, Donghe
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2023

description: The oceanic sink for anthropogenic CO2 (Cant) that humans have emitted into the atmosphere has been pivotal for limiting global warming. The transport of Cant from the surface into the ocean interior, where most of it is accumulating, is the rate limiting step for this uptake. Yet multi-decadal trends in the ocean interior storage of Cant have not been assessed at global scale. We determined such trends by applying the eMLR(C*) regression method to ocean interior observations collected between 1989 and 2020, and found that the global ocean storage of Cant grew by 29 ± 3 Pg C dec-1 and 27 ± 3 Pg C dec-1 (±1σ) from 1994 to 2004 and 2004 to 2014, respectively. Although the two growth rates are not significantly different, they imply a reduction of the oceanic uptake fraction of the anthropogenic emissions from 36 ± 4 % to 27 ± 3 % during the respective decades. We attribute this reduction to a decrease of the ocean buffer capacity and changes in ocean circulation. In the Atlantic Ocean, the maximum storage rate shifted from the Northern to the Southern Hemisphere, plausibly caused by a weaker formation rate of North Atlantic Deep Waters and an intensified ventilation of mode and intermediate waters in the Southern Hemisphere. Between 1994 and 2004, the oceanic Cant accumulation exceeded the net air-sea flux by 8 ± 4 Pg C dec-1, suggesting a loss of natural carbon from the ocean during this decade. Our results reveal a substantial vulnerability of the ocean carbon sink.
description: EGUsphere
The Theory of Quantum Measure and Probability
Creators: name: Васил Пенчев
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thermodynamics
Quantum Mechanics
Probability
General Relativity
Entropy

description: The Theory of Quantum Measure and Probability:
Notes about “quantum gravity” for dummies (philosophers) written down by another dummy (philosopher)
Contents:
1. The Lebesgue and Borel measure
2. The quantum measure
3. The construction of quantum measure
4. Quantum measure vs. both the Lebesgue and the Borel measure
5. The origin of quantum measure
6. Physical quantity measured by quantum measure
7. Quantum measure and quantum quantity in terms of the Bekenstein bound
8. Speculation on generalized quantum measure:
Is de Inspectie een tandeloze tijger?
Creators: name: Driessen, Geert
Publisher: name: Didactief
Year: 2021
Subjects: onderwijsinspectie
Inspectie van het Onderwijs

description: De Inspectie van het Onderwijs houdt al decennialang toezicht op de scholen en op het onderwijsstelsel. Daarover rapporteert ze, geeft adviezen en waarschuwingen. Aan de hand van het thema ‘gelijke kansen’ wordt hier de vraag gesteld wat dat allemaal heeft opgeleverd.
Supplemental methods and results from Hot and Scared: How do heat waves and predation risk impact resource acquisition and allocation?
Creators: name: Stahlschmidt, Zachary Ross
name: Joura, Harnoor
name: Makarem, Jenna
name: Sun, Jodie
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310901
subject: Animal behaviour

description: Supplemental Materials
ANALYSIS OF COMPREHENSIVE TRADITIONAL PESANTREN VALUES
Creators: name: Muhammad Husni
name: Eva Siti Rohmah
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Pesantren, Traditional Values, Comprehensive Education.

description: Abstract: This study aims to analyze the traditional values applied in the comprehensive pesantren (Islamic boarding school) education system. Pesantren, as a traditional Islamic educational institution, plays a significant role in shaping the character and personality of its students through a holistic approach that integrates religious, social, and cultural aspects. The research method used is qualitative with a case study approach in several pesantren in Indonesia. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis. The results of the study show that the traditional values of pesantren, such as simplicity, humility, and togetherness, are still highly relevant and upheld in comprehensive pesantren education. These values contribute to the formation of students' character, making them individuals of integrity, independence, and responsibility. Furthermore, comprehensive pesantren are also capable of adapting to the times without neglecting the traditional values that form the main foundation of their education. This study concludes that the reinforcement of traditional values in comprehensive pesantren is key to successfully producing a generation that is not only intellectually intelligent but also possesses noble character.
Supplementary Information from Effect of fluid elasticity on the emergence of oscillations in an active elastic filament
Creators: name: Link, Kathryn
name: Guy, Robert
name: Thomases, Becca
name: Arratia, Paulo
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 490102
subject: Biological mathematics

description: follower_paper_SI_final
title: Altersabhängiger Haftverbund intrakanalär inserierter Wurzelstifte nach adhäsiver Zementierung mit den Befestigungskompositen Smart Cem 2 und Core X Flow
title: Altersabhängiger Haftverbund intrakanalär inserierter Wurzelstifte nach adhäsiver Zementierung mit den Befestigungskompositen Smart Cem 2 und Core X Flow
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schouten, Christian
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2024
Subjects: Wurzelstift
Haftverbund
Smart Cem2
Zahnalter
Core X Flow

description: Nach einer erfolgreichen Wurzelkanalbehandlung besteht häufig ein erhöhtes Frakturrisiko des Zahnes, da durch die Präparation einer Zugangskavität zum Wurzelkanal viel Zahnhartsubstanz verloren gegangen ist (Tang et al. 2010). Gerade bei einer anschließenden prothetischen Versorgung kann es daher notwendig sein, durch einen Wurzelstift eine Erhöhung 
der Retention zu schaffen (Goodacre 1994). Ziel dieser Studie war es, zu zeigen, ob dabei das Zahnalter einen Einfluss auf die Haftung zum Wurzelstift hat. 

Material und Methode 
60 extrahierte Zähne mit geradem Wurzelkanalverlauf wurden nach Alter vorsortiert, gereinigt und anschließend geröntgt. Zur Standardisierung erfolgte die Dekoronation der Zähne und Festlegung der Wurzellänge auf 10 mm mit einer Arbeitslänge von 8 mm. Die Zahnwurzeln wurden anschließend mit dem F360-System auf ISO 60 maschinell aufbereitet. Eine 
Spülung fand ausschließlich mit destilliertem Wasser statt. Alle Wurzelkanäle wurden mit 
Papierspitzen getrocknet. Nach der Aufbereitung erfolgte die randomisierte Einteilung der Zähne in sechs Gruppen (n = 10). 

• Gruppe 1: Core X Flow / jung 
• Gruppe 2: Core X Flow / mittelalt 
• Gruppe 3: Core X Flow / alt 
• Gruppe 4: Smart Cem 2 / jung 
• Gruppe 5: Smart Cem 2 / mittelalt 
• Gruppe 6: Smart Cem 2 / alt 

Die Stahlstifte wurden vor dem Zementieren mit dem Sandstrahlgerät Cojet abgestrahlt, um über eine raue Oberfläche den Haftverbund zu optimieren. Die Befestigung der Stifte erfolgte nach den offiziellen Anweisungen für das jeweilige Befestigungsmaterial. Die Lagerung des Ensembles von Stift und Zahn geschah unter Ausschluss von UV-Strahlen bei 37° in einem 
Thermoschrank bis das Befestigungsmaterial ausgehärtet war. Mit der Zwick-Universalprüfmaschine wurde der Wurzelstift aus dem Wurzelkanal gezogen und dabei die Haftkraft in MPa gemessen. Dies geschah über die maximale Kraft (Fmax), die nötig war, um 
den Haftverbund zu lösen. Es folgte die statistische Auswertung der Ergebnisse mit SPSS. 

Signifikante Unterschiede ergaben sich zwischen den Befestigungsmaterialien Core X Flow und Smart Cem 2 in der Gruppe „mittelalt“ (ANOVA, p = 0,020*)

Innerhalb der Grenzen dieser In-vitro-Studie kann man zu der Schlussfolgerung kommen, 
dass das Zahnalter keinen signifikanten Einfluss auf die Stärke des Haftverbunds zwischen Wurzelkanaldentin und dem Befestigungsmaterial hatte. 
.
title: Computertomographie-gestützte Charakterisierung arterieller Verschlüsse der unteren Extremität zur Prognosebeurteilung hinsichtlich ihres Ansprechens auf eine lokale Lysetherapie
Creators: name: Elsner, Claire
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2024
Subjects: Akuter arterieller Gefäßverschluss
Medical sciences Medicine
Medizin
Akuter arterieller Gefäßverschluss lokale Lysetherapie CT-Angiographie
lokale Lysetherapie
CT-Angiographie

description: Diese Arbeit beleuchtet in retrospektivem Studiendesign, ob sich die in CTA-Aufnahmen ermittelten Messwerte Schwächungskoeffizient, Länge und Volumen von akuten arteriellen Verschlüssen der unteren Extremität zur Prognosebeurteilung des Therapieerfolges einer lokalen Lysetherapie eignen. 31 Patienten konnten aus einem Patientenkollektiv von 4.826 Patienten der Klinik für interventionelle und diagnostische Radiologie des Universitätsklinikums Marburg über einen Zeitraum von sechs Jahren in die Studie eingeschlossen werden. Für die Analyse wurden die Patienten anhand des Ergebnisses der Lysetherapie in die beiden Gruppen „Lyse Erfolg“ und „Lyse Misserfolg“ eingeteilt und hinsichtlich der Messgrößen verglichen.
Es zeigte sich, dass sich die Gefäßverschlüsse in der Gruppe „Lyse Misserfolg“ hinsichtlich der Schwächungskoeffizienten und der Längen signifikant unterschieden. Daraus konnte ein Algorithmus erstellt werden, welcher eine präzise Auswahl an Patienten erlaubt, denen eine lokale Lysetherapie empfohlen werden kann. Im ersten Schritt des diagnostischen Algorithmus wird die Länge des Gefäßverschlusses gemessen. Anhand eines Cutoff-Wertes bei 360 mm wird der Patient einer von den zwei Gruppen A oder B zugeordnet. Wenn die gemessene Länge unter 360 mm liegt, wird derjenige der Gruppe A zugeordnet und wenn die Länge 360 mm oder mehr beträgt, Gruppe B. In zweiter Instanz wurden die Schwächungskoeffizienten als Parameter herangezogen. In Gruppe A liegt der Cutoff-Wert bei 59 HU, sodass alle mit Koeffizienten <59 HU der Gruppe A1 und alle ≥59 HU der Gruppe A2 zugeordnet wurden. Analog dazu wird Gruppe B in die zwei Untergruppen B1 und B2 eingeteilt. Hier liegt der Cutoff-Wert bei 48 HU. Zur Gruppe B1 werden die Patienten zugeordnet, wenn der Koeffizient <48 HU liegt und in Gruppe B2, wenn er ≥48 HU liegt. Eine lokale Lysetherapie wird den Gruppen A1 und B1 empfohlen.
Dieser Algorithmus setzt bei der Diagnostik an und ist Teil einer noninvasiven, schnellen und kostengünstigen Bildgebung, wodurch eine Integration in den klinischen Alltag unkompliziert möglich ist. Durch eine präzisere Patientenauswahl zur Lysetherapie kann der Therapieerfolg maximiert und die Risiken minimiert werden. Zusammenfassend zeigten diese Daten, dass eine prätherapeutische Abschätzung des Therapieerfolges einer lokalen Lysetherapie anhand von Messwerten aus CTA-Datensätzen möglich ist und in Zukunft die Indikationsstellung präzisieren und erleichtern können.
The first Late Bronze Age founder's hoard from Gorleston, Great Yarmouth, Norfolk
Creators: name: Green, Charles
name: Clough, T H McK
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2020

description: Norfolk Archaeology, 37 (1), 1-18
description: TG 519036. The 1952 hoard is published and discussed in its geographical, environmental and chronological setting. About eighty implements were found including socketed axes (plain, decorated, and faceted), fragments of sword and rapier, spearheads, and metal waste. The hoard is transitional between Wilburton and Carp's Tongue phases and dates to 7th century BC.
Supplementary Figures from Effects of passive ankle exoskeletons on neuromuscular function during exaggerated standing sway
Creators: name: Farris, Dominic James
name: Po, Jemima C.N.
name: Yee, Jordan
name: Williamson, James Leigh
name: Dick, Taylor Jessica Marie
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310499
subject: Evolutionary biology not elsewhere classified

description: Supplementary Figures 1-3
Excavations in Norwich, 1977-8. The Norwich Survey, seventh interim report
Creators: name: Atkin, Mary W
name: Sutermeister, Helen
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2020

description: Norfolk Archaeology, 37 (1), 19-55
description: A brief account of the excavation of part of the Whitefriars complex is followed by detailed archaeological and historical accounts of the development of a site in the north of the city from late 13th to 18th century. The site at Oak Street consisted of six main tenements, clearly outside the limits of the Saxon town, ranging from single-roomed cottages up to the town house of an abbey. Floors and chimneys were inserted as population and living standards rose. Alan Carter's appendix examines evidence in two late medieval rural Norfolk buildings of the type of conversion likely to have been made during the 16th to 18th centuries of the excavated buildings. Au(abr). See also 79/6450 for AS origins of Norwich.
Isolation and characterization of motility-defective mutants of Haloferax volcanii.
Creators: name: Farahani, Reza.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Biology, Genetics.

description: Haloferax volcanii is a motile extreme halophile, and a detailed physical map of its genome exists. An effort is underway to locate more genes and to increase the detail of this map. Flagellated motile bacteria possess a number of filaments that function as cellular propellers. Motile bacteria swim outward in a low concentration agar medium (swarm medium) and form a swarm. I have isolated twenty-five independent motility-defective mutants and four independent super-motile mutants of Hf. volcanii WFD11. Some of these mutants were characterized by light and electron microscopy. The motility-defective mutants form three characteristic kinds of swarms on swarm medium: non-motile colonies, small fuzzy colonies and variable-size-colonies, Wild-type Hf. volcanii DS2 possesses 4-10 flagellar filaments which form a bundle. In stationary phase culture, some of these peritrichously flagellated cells become elongated and polarly flagellated. Light and electron microscopy of two mutants revealed that these cells that form non-motile colonies are non-motile, although they possess normal looking flagellar filaments. These mutants may have paralyzed filaments. Revertants of these mutants may produce dotted and/or scalloped-edge swarms. Mutants that form small fuzzy colonies were found to be cell cycle defective mutants which were not able to undergo normal cell division and thus continued growing until they formed very long spaghetti-like cells. These Hf. volcanii mutants have normal flagellar filaments and are motile when they are short but as they grow longer, they become less and less motile. The third group of mutants with variable size colonies, were normal looking motile cells under the light microscope. Super-motile mutants possess tens of flagellar filaments. Three independent Hf. volcanii DS2 genomic shot-gun libraries were constructed and amplified. These shot-gun libraries are presently being used to genetically complement Hf. volcanii mutants by a PEG-mediated transformation procedure. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
Efficient Implementations of Machine Vision Algorithms using a Dynamically Typed Programming Language
Creators: name: Wedekind, Jan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: Applied Computer Science

description: Current machine vision systems (or at least their performance critical parts) are predo-
minantly implemented using statically typed programming languages such as C, C++, or
Java. Statically typed languages however are unsuitable for development and maintenance
of large scale systems.
When choosing a programming language, dynamically typed languages are usually
not considered due to their lack of support for high-performance array operations. This
thesis presents efficient implementations of machine vision algorithms with the (dynam-
ically typed) Ruby programming language. The Ruby programming language was used,
because it has the best support for meta-programming among the currently popular pro-
gramming languages. Although the Ruby programming language was used, the approach
presented in this thesis could be applied to any programming language which has equal
or stronger support for meta-programming (e.g. Racket (former PLT Scheme)).
A Ruby library for performing I/O and array operations was developed as part of this
thesis. It is demonstrated how the library facilitates concise implementations of machine
vision algorithms commonly used in industrial automation. That is, this thesis is about
a different way of implementing machine vision systems. The work could be applied to
prototype and in some cases implement machine vision systems in industrial automation
and robotics.
The development of real-time machine vision software is facilitated as follows
1. A just-in-time compiler is used to achieve real-time performance. It is demonstrated
that the Ruby syntax is sufficient to integrate the just-in-time compiler transparently.
2. Various I/O devices are integrated for seamless acquisition, display, and storage of
video and audio data.
In combination these two developments preserve the expressiveness of the Ruby program-
ming language while providing good run-time performance of the resulting implementa-
tion.
To validate this approach, the performance of different operations is compared with
the performance of equivalent C/C++ programs.
Supplementary material from Optogenetically-engineered calcium oscillations promote autophagy-mediated cell death via AMPK activation
Creators: name: Lai, Yi-Shyun
name: Hsieh, Meng-Ru
name: Nguyen, Thi My Hang
name: Chen, Ying-Chi
name: Wang, Hsueh-Chun
name: CHIU, WEN-TAI
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310199
subject: Biochemistry and cell biology not elsewhere classified

description: Two supplementary figures
Supplementary Material from Effects of passive ankle exoskeletons on neuromuscular function during exaggerated standing sway
Creators: name: Farris, Dominic James
name: Po, Jemima C.N.
name: Yee, Jordan
name: Williamson, James Leigh
name: Dick, Taylor Jessica Marie
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310499
subject: Evolutionary biology not elsewhere classified

description: README
Evolutionary computing strategies for the detection of conserved patterns in genomic DNA
Creators: name: Beiko, Robert G
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Biology, Molecular.
subject: Biology, Genetics.
subject: Artificial Intelligence.

description: The detection of regulatory sequences in DNA is a challenging problem, especially when considered in the context of whole genomes. The degree of sequence conservation of regulatory protein binding sites is often weak, and the sites are obscured by surrounding intergenic sequence. Since structural interactions are vital for protein-DNA interactions, structural representations of regulatory sites can yield a more accurate model and a better understanding of within-site variability. However, the use of multiple alternative representations of DNA introduces a requirement for novel algorithms that can create and test different combinations of DNA features. The Genetic Algorithm Neural Network (GANN) was designed to identify combinations of patterns that can be used to distinguish between different classes of training sequence. GANN trains a set of artificial neural networks to classify sets of sequence using either backpropagation or a genetic algorithm, and uses an 'outer genetic algorithm' to choose the best inputs from a pool of DNA features that can include sequence, structure, and weight matrix representations. When trained with a subset of upstream sequences from a whole genome, GANN was able to detect patterns such as the Shine-Dalgarno sequence in Escherichia coli K12, and sequences consistent with archaeal promoters in the archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus P2. The Motif Genetic Algorithm (MGA) constructs motif representations by concatenating minimal units of DNA sequence and structure. This algorithm was used to model conserved patterns in DNA, including the binding sites for E. coli cyclic AMP activated protein (CAP), integration host factor (IHF), and two different promoter types recognized by alternative bacterial sigma factors. The CAP models were used to detect other putative binding sites in upstream regions of the E. coli K12 genome, while attempts to train an accurate model of IHF binding sites revealed an important role for structural representations in motif modeling.
Supplementary Analyses from Psychometric Evaluation of the Trust in Science and Scientists Scale
Creators: name: Wolff, Sarah M
name: Breakwell, Glynis
name: Wright, Daniel
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 529999
subject: Other psychology not elsewhere classified

description: This document provides the R code and some additional analysis. Some of the analyses were done using MPlus and this code is not included here, but is included on the OSF page.
The Harvard Trauma Questionnaire: Reliability and Validity Generalization Studies of the Symptom Scales
Creators: name: Darzi, Chantal
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: assessment
posttraumatic stress disorder
cross-cultural psychology
psychometric properties

description: The cross-cultural applicability of the PTSD diagnosis has been widely disputed in recent years. Consequently, an examination of the psychometric properties of instruments that are used to assess traumatized individuals of various cultures is of utmost importance. To respond to this need, the overall goal of this dissertation was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (HTQ; Mollica et al., 1992), a measure that was developed to assess trauma symptoms across cultures. In the first study, I conducted a search of all publications and dissertations that used the symptoms scales of the HTQ. This search revealed that the HTQ is commonly used by trauma researchers, however only a minority of them reported using established translation and cultural adaptation procedures to adapt the instrument for their specific sample. In addition, of the 384 studies considered for inclusion, only 44% of them reported internal consistency estimates of their sample. I then performed reliability generalization analyses on Cronbach’s alpha coefficients to assess the reliability properties of the HTQ symptom scales. Overall, 103 samples were included in the analyses, representing various cultures, languages and countries of study. The findings of this study indicated that both the HTQ-16 and 30 symptom scales are likely to provide reliable scores across diverse populations. However, the evidence supporting the reliability of scores produced for the re-experiencing, avoidance/numbing and arousal subscales is less strong. Significant moderating effects were found for various sample and methodological variables, such as the gender composition of the sample, cultural group, cultural orientation of the country of origin and trauma type. Building upon the findings of study 1, I performed validity generalization (VG) analyses to assess the overall construct validity of the HTQ symptom scales in Study 2. Seventy-five independent samples were included in the VG that evaluated the convergent and discriminant validity properties of both the HTQ-16 and HTQ-30. The findings revealed that the convergent validity properties of the HTQ-16 are supported to some extent, but the discriminant validity properties are not. Furthermore, there was limited support for either the convergent or discriminant validity of the HTQ-30. Several significant moderating effects were also found for both scales (i.e. age, gender, cultural group, recruitment site, trauma type, being an original sample). Although these studies shed some light into the overall psychometric strength of the HTQ symptom scales, the decision whether to use this instrument for the assessment of PTSD should also be guided by evidence-based assessment guidelines.
Presubmission Inquiry for PLOS Biology article on rOpenSci (PBIOLOGY-S-12-05379)
Creators: name: Ram, Karthik
name: Boettiger, Carl
name: Hart, Edmund
name: Chamberlain, Scott
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology

description: PLOS Biology presubmission inquiry + abstract for rOpenSci. This pre-submission inquiry was succesful.
Hart and Chamberlain NCEAS proposal
Creators: name: Hart, Edmund
name: Chamberlain, Scott
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: This is our unfunded NCEAS proposal from September 2012 about climate change, adaptation and open data.
Regime shifts in ecology and evolution (PhD Dissertation)
Creators: name: Boettiger, Carl
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: The most pressing issues of our time are all characterized by sudden regime shifts: the collapse of marine fisheries or stock-markets, the overthrow of governments, shifts in global climate. Regime shifts, or sudden transitions in dynamical behavior of a system, underly many important phenomena in ecological and evolutionary problems. How do they arise? How can we identify when a shift has occurred? Can we forecast these shifts? Here I address each of these central questions in the context of a particular system. First, I show how stochasticity in eco-evolutionary dynamics can give rise two different domains, or regimes, governing the behavior of evolutionary trajectories (Boettiger et al., 2010). In the next chapter, I turn to the question of identifying evolutionary shifts from data using phylogenetic trees and morphological trait data of extant species (Boettiger et al., 2012). In the last chapter, I adapt the approach of the previous section which allowed me to quantify the information available in a given data set that could detect a shift into an approach for detecting regime shifts in ecological time series data before the occur (Boettiger and Hastings, 2012).
Electromigration in Integrated Circuit Interconnects
Creators: name: Clarke, Peter John
Publisher: name: London South Bank University
Year: 1993

description: Electromigration is the principal wearout mechanism in integrated circuit metallisation tracks. This thesis is concerned with electromigration measurements made on samples using the Temperature Ramp Resistance Analysis (TRACE) technique. This has been carried out at low temperatures and in a normal atmosphere. As the dimensions of the tracks become smaller and smaller electromigration becomes a larger factor in determining semiconductor device lifetime. The effects the physical parameters such as grain size and distribution, length, width, thickness, passivation and metallisation have on the lifetime of semiconductor devices have been reviewed, together with the different types of measurement methods; lifetime, mass distribution, hole formation, resistance techniques and wafer level tests. TRACE was chosen from among these due to its short test time of several hours compared to several months for lifetime test and because it can give both the activation energy for electromigration and the pre-exponential in the Black derived formula for electromigration lifetime. Experimental realisation involved modifying an oven, designing and building electronic circuitry for the constant current sources used for current stressing of the samples, building interface circuits between an oven controller and a BBC Master microcomputer and multiplexing of sample voltages to a voltmeter. Software to control the oven temperature and the sample voltage measurements was developed and validated. | The measurement results followed the general trend of other electromigration results. This realisation of the TRACE method was able to monitor changes in sample resistances, but the resulting activation energies produced were lower than those predicted by others.
Characterizing Tissue-Specific actinodin1 Reporter Expression in Danio rerio Fins Throughout Development and Regeneration
Creators: name: Northorp, Marissa
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Zebrafish
Fin
Regeneration
Development
Actinodin
Actinotrichia

description: The exoskeleton of the fins comprises fin rays and actinotrichia; the latter are small unmineralized fibrils found at the distal margin of fin rays. Actinotrichia play a role in the growth and structure of the fins during fin development and regeneration. Our lab has previously identified the actinodin (and) gene family, which codes for structural proteins in actinotrichia. Interestingly, the loss of this gene family has been proposed to be involved in the loss of fin rays, an important step in the fin-to-limb transition during evolution. Furthermore, the and genes are expressed in the epithelial cells and in the migrating mesenchymal cells of the zebrafish embryonic pectoral and median fin fold. The presence of tissue-specific cis-acting regulatory elements were found within the 2 kilobase pair genomic region (2P) located upstream of and1’s first untranslated exon by performing analyses of the expression of a fluorescent reporter (EGFP) placed under the control of fragments of various lengths originating from the 2P genomic fragment in zebrafish transgenic lines. Using these various and1 reporter lines, tissue-specific and1 expression was previously characterized during the embryonic stage of zebrafish development. However, these transgenic reporter lines were not analyzed throughout important fin morphogenesis events occurring during fin development, such as the initial formation of lepidotrichia and the resorption of the median fin fold, and throughout fin regeneration as well. This study mainly enabled us to characterize in great details and1 expression throughout fin development and regeneration using the various tissue-specific and1 reporter lines by performing time course analyses. In doing so, we were able to demonstrate that these reporter lines recapitulate endogenous and1 expression through in iii situ hybridization and RT-PCR experiments. Furthermore, the distinct transgene expression patterns observed during lepidotrichia formation/regeneration in the various and1 reporter lines supports previous research that proposes and1-expressing cells may indirectly contribute to lepidotrichia formation not only during fin regeneration but during fin development as well. Furthermore, the characterization of the tissue-specific and1 reporter lines throughout development allowed us to characterize specific changes in the cis-acting regulation of and1 in the fins of adult fish when compared with the tissue-specific and1 reporter expression patterns characterized during the embryonic stage. All in all, this study provides further clues on the contribution of and1-expressing cells throughout fin development and regeneration.
A Probabilistic Method for Software Product Measurement
Creators: name: Bainbridge, John Ralph
Publisher: name: London South Bank University
Year: 1993

description: In controlling the software development process there is a need to discover how a software product will evolve and to monitor this evolution. Measures of internal product attributes can provide the necessary objective data from which the software developer can gain this important engineering information. Outlier analysis has been proposed as a technique to interpret such measurement data. However it is handicapped through a lack of a theoretical understanding of how measures interact. In this dissertation a probabilistic method is proposed which helps formulate the relationship between internal software product measures. The method provides a way for sampling the distribution of measurement values for particular models of software products. The reward of such an approach is that a greater understanding of the outlier analysis technique is achieved. The question of what constitutes an outlier is formally analysed. The method is applied to the measurement of predicate expressions in Z specifications and involves the design of some new algorithms.
The Role of TASK-2 Channels in CO2 Sensing in Zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Creators: name: Koudrina, Natalia
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: CO2 sensing
TASK-2

description: Fish naturally experience fluctuating levels of O2 and CO2 in their environment. To cope with the deleterious effects of lowered O2 (hypoxia) or elevated CO2 (hypercapnia), fish exhibit an array of cardiorespiratory adjustments aimed at preserving homeostasis. One of the most significant of these responses is reflex hyperventilation. In zebrafish (Danio rerio), hyperventilation during hypoxia or hypercapnia is thought to be initiated by the activation of chemoreceptor cells, termed neuroepithelial cells (NECs) which detect changes in ambient levels of O2 or CO2. The NECs of larval zebrafish are found throughout the integument and recent studies have shown that these NECs likely mediate the ventilatory responses to hypoxia and the cardiac responses to hypercapnia. However, no study has yet examined the ventilatory response of larval zebrafish to hypercapnia and regardless of developmental stage, the signalling pathways involved in CO2 sensing remain unclear. In the mouse, a background potassium channel (TASK-2) was shown to contribute to the sensitivity of chemoreceptor cells to CO2. Zebrafish have two specific TASK-2 channel paralogs encoded by kcnk5a and kcnk5b. The purpose of this thesis was to determine whether TASK-2 channels are expressed in NECs of larval zebrafish and whether they are involved in CO2 sensing. Immunohistochemical approaches were used to visualize TASK-2 protein (encoded by kcnk5a) within NECs of larvae and adult gill. TASK-2 protein was observed on NECs in both larvae and adult gill. Exposure of larvae to hypercapnia caused an increase in cardiac and breathing frequencies; these responses were blunted in fish experiencing either TASK-2 and/or TASK-2b knockdown. The results of these experiments suggest that TASK-2 has a role in activating NECs thus eliciting cardiorespiratory responses, when larvae are exposed to hypercapnia.
Statistical Modelling of Software Metrics
Creators: name: Neil, M D.
Publisher: name: London South Bank University
Year: 1992

description: The development of quality software products has been of critical importance to modern industry and commerce for some time. However, software is still generally regarded as being both unreliable and costly. One suggested solution to this problem is the application of scientific measurement and statistical principles.

Statistics and software measures (metrics) can be used in software engineering in a number of fundamental ways. These include scientific experimentation, certification and assessment and management of industrial software projects.

This dissertation proposes a framework for the effective application of statistical methods and software metrics. The framework identifies the aims, pit-falls and technical considerations needed by researchers and practitioners when applying statistics to software metrics data. Examples of
the implementation of this framework are extensively used to both illustrate the principles of the framework and to promote the use of statistics in a number of areas. Specific attention is given to defining the role of statistics
in software product certification, process management, data linkage and the validation of theories.
title: A computational model for angular velocity integration in a locust heading circuit
title: Ein komputationales Modell für die Integration von Rotationssignalen in das Kompasssignal im Zentralkomplex der Wüstenheuschrecke
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Pabst, Kathrin
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2024
Subjects: navigation
machine learning
desert locust
computational model
Natural sciences & mathematics
Naturwissenschaften
sky compass
central complex

description: Insect navigation and its neural underpinnings provide an excellent model for inves- tigating basal cognitive abilities. This thesis focuses on the integration of angular velocity cues into the compass-like encoding of heading direction in the central com- plex of the desert locust. The central complex serves as a navigation hub within the insect brain. While a core circuitry is shared across all insects, physiological data suggest a topographical difference in the internal heading representations of the desert locust and the fruit fly. Data supporting this notion are limited, and computational modelling can bridge such knowledge gaps by formulating and test- ing hypotheses in a theoretical framework. The overarching aim was to examine the viability of the neural activity observed in the locust as a heading signal.
Computational models of the desert locust heading circuit were based on available structural and functional data. Under-specified model parameters were determined via a machine learning-based approach. These models suggest that, like in the fruit fly heading circuit, recurrent loops are the motifs maintaining the heading signal. Updating the heading signal by integrating feed-forward angular velocity inputs as described in the fruit fly however is incompatible with the model of the locust head- ing circuit. Instead, multiplicative inputs modulating the circuit connectivity via neuromodulation at the synapse-level are proposed. An analysis of optic flow sen- sitivity of locust central complex neurons revealed responses to the simulation of rotational self-motion in neurons homologous to those conveying rotation informa- tion to the fruit fly heading circuit. Further examinations are required to determine the congruence of these results with the proposed neuromodulatory mechanism for integrating rotational self-motion cues.
This work supports the notion of distinct compass topographies in the heading circuits of fruit flies and desert locusts. The developed models generate testable hy- potheses guiding future anatomical, functional, and behavioural studies, contribut- ing to computational approaches to the fields of insect navigation and comparative cognition.
Job Satisfaction Among Critical Care Nurses: A Systematic Review of Contributing Factors, Individual and Organizational
Creators: name: Dilig-Ruiz, Alison
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: job satisfaction
critical care nurses

description: The purpose of this thesis was to conduct a systematic review of studies on critical care nurses’ job satisfaction. Specific research questions addressed were: 1) What are the conceptual definitions and theories of job satisfaction that are used in studies of critical care nurses?; 2) What instruments have been used to quantitatively measure and operationally define job satisfaction among critical care nurses?; 3) What is the level of job satisfaction among critical care nurses?; and 4) What factors are correlated to critical care nurses’ job satisfaction? Sixty-one studies were identified from five electronic databases. Definitions and theories of job satisfaction were inconsistent or absent in the literature. Forty-two different quantitative measures of job satisfaction were identified. The weighted mean job satisfaction score for critical care nurses was 56% and demonstrated a cyclical trend over time. Operating room and other (labour and delivery, pediatric, and neonatal) critical care, and undefined critical care nurses reported lower levels of job satisfaction compared to emergency and mixed critical care nurses. The following factors showed positive significant relationships to critical care nurses’ job satisfaction in four or more studies: shift worked, autonomy, personnel resources and staffing, and teamwork and cohesion. One factor, job stress showed a positive and negative significant relationship to critical care nurses’ job satisfaction depending on the study. Only one factor explored in the included studies (burnout emotional exhaustion) showed a negative significant relationship with job satisfaction. These factors hold promise as targets for critical care nurse job satisfaction interventions.
Towards Internet of Things Interaction Framework Using Geometric Annotated Multimedia Objects
Creators: name: Rahman, Abu Saleh Md Ma
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: edutainment
HCI
Physical mobile interaction
Internet of things
Physical browsing
Smart environment
Context aware interaction
Location aware interaction

description: The prevalent visions of ambient intelligence leverage natural interactions between users and available services in a smart space. In recent years, we have seen a huge interest from industry and academia in using handheld devices to interact with things, places and people in the real world. To facilitate such interactions, things are usually annotated with RFID tags or visual markers. These tags or markers are read by a handheld device equipped with an integrated RFID reader or a camera, in order to fetch related information and initiate further actions. Interacting with the Internet of Things (IoT) in a real environment has become increasingly desirable and feasible. This thesis contributes to the domain of physical interactions with IoT; however, we use a spatial-geometric approach instead of RFID or marker based solutions. Using this approach, for example, a user can point his/her handheld device to an annotated thing, from a distance, for the purpose of interaction. The pointing direction and location is determined based on the fusion of the mobile position and of the accelerometer data of the handheld device. To annotate things, their geometric coordinates are specified and related information or services are associated to them. In this thesis, we present a comprehensive and extensible framework to integrate various physical interactions with IoT into multimedia applications. The framework supports the implementations of pointMe, touchMe, and context-aware based interactions with geometrically annotated IoT. We define specific methods and practices that can be incorporated in order to build the interactions. We realize smart home, atlas learning, presentation interaction, smart haptic interaction, and learning based video interaction game prototypes in order to perform experiments and demonstrate the applicability and potential of the proposed geometric based annotation approach. In the analysis of the interaction techniques of the prototypes, we present the advantages and disadvantages of the geometric based annotation of IoT as seen by potential users, in comparison to RFID tags or visual markers based approaches.
The Making of Torturers: The Case of Abu Ghraib – An Exploration of Individual Psychological Factors, Group Factors, and Mimetic Structures of Violence
Creators: name: Olafsson, Nadine
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Abu Ghraib
Torture
Torturer
Social Psychology
Mimetic Structures of Violence
Mimesis
Omnipotence
Dehumanization
Numbing
Splitting
Obedience to Authority
Group Behaviour
Uniqueness of the Group
Training
Diffusion of Responsibility
Crimes of Obedience

description: The exposure of the prison abuse scandal at Abu Ghraib in 2004 deeply shocked the American conscience and triggered a widespread public debate surrounding both the legitimacy of the use of torture and American values. With the election of president Trump this discussion has once more moved into the limelight of public discussion. While much attention has been devoted to the morality of torture, little has been paid to the perpetrators of torture themselves. This thesis explores the theoretical framework of Grodin and Annas (2007) to assess individual and group psychological factors in combination with Redekop’s (2002) mimetic structures of violence to assess how ordinary people turned into torturers at Abu Ghraib in 2004. The data analysed stems from the Central Investigative Departments investigation into the torture scandal, as well as the Taguba Report, the Fay Report, the Schlesinger Report, the Red Cross Report and Errol Morris award winning documentary Standard Operating Procedure. The study finds that individual and group psychological factors, in conjuncture with mimetic structures of violence appeared to have played a role in the making of torturers at Abu Ghraib.
Hybrid coupled modeling of the tropical Pacific using neural networks
Creators: name: Li, Shuyong
name: Hsieh, William W.
name: Wu, Aiming
Publisher: name: American Geophysical Union
Year: 2016

description: To investigate the potential for improving hybrid coupled models (HCM) of the tropical Pacific by the use of neural network (NN) methods for nonlinear regression, NN was introduced for the nonlinear parameterization of the subsurface temperature in the Lamont ocean model and for the nonlinear estimation of the wind stress anomalies (WSA) from the sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA). For comparison, corresponding linear regression (LR) models were also built. By combining the NN or the LR version of the ocean model and the atmospheric model, four HCMs resulted. For the coupled model Niño3 SSTA spectrum, using NN in the ocean model produced a much broader spectrum than using LR, which gave basically a single narrow spectral peak. Using NN in the atmospheric model in addition to the ocean model further broadened the SSTA spectrum, yielding a spectrum with two main peaks as observed. Principal component analysis (PCA) and nonlinear PCA (NLPCA) were used to analyze the SSTA and WSA. By comparing the NLPCA mode 1 and the PCA mode 1, we found that all the coupled models (including the original Lamont coupled model) were too linear compared to the observations. However, using NN in the ocean model and in the atmospheric model, we were able to alleviate the weak nonlinearity in the coupled models. An edited version of this paper was published by AGU. Copyright 2005 American Geophysical Union.