cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Local Structure of Sprinkled Causal Sets
Creators: name: Fewster, Christopher J.
name: Hawkins, Eli
name: Minz, Christoph
name: Rejzner, Kasia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe numerical and analytical investigations of causal sets sprinkled into spacetime manifolds. The first part of the paper is a numerical study of finite causal sets sprinkled into Alexandrov subsets of Minkowski spacetime of dimensions $1 + 1$, $1 + 2$ and $1 + 3$. In particular we consider the rank 2 past of sprinkled causet events, which is the set of events that are two links to the past. Assigning one of the rank 2 past events as `preferred past' for each event yields a `preferred past structure', which was recently proposed as the basis for a causal set d'Alembertian. We test six criteria for selecting rank 2 past subsets. One criterion performs particularly well at uniquely selecting -- with very high probability -- a preferred past satisfying desirable properties. The second part of the paper concerns (infinite) sprinkled causal sets for general spacetime manifolds. After reviewing the construction of the sprinkling process with the Poisson measure, we consider various specific applications. Among other things, we compute the probability of obtaining a sprinkled causal set of a given isomorphism class by combinatorial means, using a correspondence between causal sets in Alexandrov subsets of $1 + 1$ dimensional Minkowski spacetime and 2D-orders. These methods are also used to compute the expected size of the past infinity as a proportion of the total size of a sprinkled causal set.
The impact of adverse reactions on adherence to sublingual immunotherapy for Japanese cedar pollinosis and house dust mite allergy in Japan
Creators: name: Masuno, Satoru
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Allergen immunotherapy is the only treatment that can achieve remission for allergic diseases. To investigate the three-year adherence to sublingual immunotherapy for Japanese cedar pollinosis and house dust mite allergy at a clinic in Japan and identify factors that influence adherence and severe adverse reactions. In total, 174 patients aged 12 years or older who started sublingual immunotherapy for Japanese cedar pollinosis (n = 72), house dust mite allergy (n = 55), or both (n = 47) between May 2017 and June 2018. Patient age, sex, type of pharmacotherapy used, adverse reactions, blood test results, and duration of continuous treatment were investigated. The three-year treatment continuation rate was 40.8%. Adverse reaction rates were 12.6% for cedar pollinosis and 40.2% for house dust mite allergy. Patients with dose reductions due to severe reactions had lower first-year continuation rates. In the MITICURE® group, patients with severe reactions had significantly higher serum total IgE levels. Severe reactions were more common in MITICURE® patients with seven or more positive antigen types. Severe adverse reactions reduced early adherence.
Finite-Key Analysis for Coherent One-Way Quantum Key Distribution
Creators: name: Li, Ming-Yang
name: Cao, Xiao-Yu
name: Xie, Yuan-Mei
name: Yin, Hua-Lei
name: Chen, Zeng-Bing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coherent-one-way (COW) quantum key distribution (QKD) is a significant communication protocol that has been implemented experimentally and deployed in practical products due to its simple equipment requirements. However, existing security analyses of COW-QKD either provide a short transmission distance or lack immunity against coherent attacks in the finite-key regime. In this paper, we present a tight finite-key security analysis within the universally composable framework for a variant of COW-QKD, which has been proven to extend the secure transmission distance in the asymptotic case. We combine the quantum leftover hash lemma and entropic uncertainty relation to derive the key rate formula. When estimating statistical parameters, we use the recently proposed Kato's inequality to ensure security against coherent attacks and achieve a higher key rate. Our paper confirms the security and feasibility of COW-QKD for practical application and lays the foundation for further theoretical study and experimental implementation.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
Investigation of $Ξ_c^0$ in a chiral quark model
Creators: name: Hu, Xiaohuang
name: Tan, Yue
name: Ping, Jialun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, three new states of $Ξ_c^0$ were observed in the invariant mass spectrum of $Λ^+_cK^-$ by LHCb collaboration. In this work, we use a chiral quark model to investigate these three exited states with the help of Gaussian expansion method both in three-quark structure and in five-quark structure with all possible quantum numbers $IJ^P=\frac{1}{2}(\frac{1}{2})^-$, $\frac{1}{2}(\frac{3}{2})^-$, $\frac{1}{2}(\frac{5}{2})^-$, $\frac{3}{2}(\frac{1}{2})^-$, $\frac{3}{2}(\frac{3}{2})^-$ and $\frac{3}{2}(\frac{5}{2})^-$ . The calculations shows that the 2$S$ states of $Ξ_c'(2579)^0$ and $Ξ_c(2645)^0$ are comparable to experimental results; In addition, the resonance states of five-quark configuration are possible candidates of these new states with negative parity by using the real scaling method and their decay width are also given.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
A remarkable vicariant of Gespanna confirmata (= pectoralis) from Sulawesi (Lepidoptera: Erebidae)
Creators: name: Zilli, Alberto
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Entomologica
Year: 2020

description: Gespanna amelieae sp. n. from Sulawesi is described. This species is the second member of a hitherto monotypic genus and the first extra-Sundanan one. Despite the close resemblance to G. confirmata (= pectoralis), it can readily be separated from its congener by the different trend of the postmedial line of forewing.
description: Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 52 No. 1 (2020)
Type4Py: Practical Deep Similarity Learning-Based Type Inference for Python
Creators: name: Mir, Amir M.
name: Latoskinas, Evaldas
name: Proksch, Sebastian
name: Gousios, Georgios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Dynamic languages, such as Python and Javascript, trade static typing for developer flexibility and productivity. Lack of static typing can cause run-time exceptions and is a major factor for weak IDE support. To alleviate these issues, PEP 484 introduced optional type annotations for Python. As retrofitting types to existing codebases is error-prone and laborious, machine learning (ML)-based approaches have been proposed to enable automatic type inference based on existing, partially annotated codebases. However, previous ML-based approaches are trained and evaluated on human-provided type annotations, which might not always be sound, and hence this may limit the practicality for real-world usage. In this paper, we present Type4Py, a deep similarity learning-based hierarchical neural network model. It learns to discriminate between similar and dissimilar types in a high-dimensional space, which results in clusters of types. Likely types for arguments, variables, and return values can then be inferred through the nearest neighbor search. Unlike previous work, we trained and evaluated our model on a type-checked dataset and used mean reciprocal rank (MRR) to reflect the performance perceived by users. The obtained results show that Type4Py achieves an MRR of 77.1%, which is a substantial improvement of 8.1% and 16.7% over the state-of-the-art approaches Typilus and TypeWriter, respectively. Finally, to aid developers with retrofitting types, we released a Visual Studio Code extension, which uses Type4Py to provide ML-based type auto-completion for Python.
description: Preprint for the ICSE'22 technical track
On the Efficient Estimation of Min-Entropy
Creators: name: Kim, Yongjune
name: Guyot, Cyril
name: Kim, Young-Sik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The min-entropy is a widely used metric to quantify the randomness of generated random numbers in cryptographic applications; it measures the difficulty of guessing the most likely output. An important min-entropy estimator is the compression estimator of NIST Special Publication (SP) 800-90B, which relies on Maurer's universal test. In this paper, we propose two kinds of min-entropy estimators to improve computational complexity and estimation accuracy by leveraging two variations of Maurer's test: Coron's test (for Shannon entropy) and Kim's test (for Renyi entropy). First, we propose a min-entropy estimator based on Coron's test. It is computationally more efficient than the compression estimator while maintaining the estimation accuracy. The secondly proposed estimator relies on Kim's test that computes the Renyi entropy. This estimator improves estimation accuracy as well as computational complexity. We analytically characterize the bias-variance tradeoff, which depends on the order of Renyi entropy. By taking into account this tradeoff, we observe that the order of two is a proper assignment and focus on the min-entropy estimation based on the collision entropy (i.e., Renyi entropy of order two). The min-entropy estimation from the collision entropy can be described by a closed-form solution, whereas both the compression estimator and the proposed estimator based on Coron's test do not have closed-form solutions. By leveraging the closed-form solution, we also propose a lightweight estimator that processes data samples in an online manner. Numerical evaluations demonstrate that the first proposed estimator achieves the same accuracy as the compression estimator with much less computation. The proposed estimator based on the collision entropy can even improve the accuracy and reduce the computational complexity.
The Robots are Here: Navigating the Generative AI Revolution in Computing Education
Creators: name: Prather, James
name: Denny, Paul
name: Leinonen, Juho
name: Becker, Brett A.
name: Albluwi, Ibrahim
name: Craig, Michelle
name: Keuning, Hieke
name: Kiesler, Natalie
name: Kohn, Tobias
name: Luxton-Reilly, Andrew
name: MacNeil, Stephen
name: Peterson, Andrew
name: Pettit, Raymond
name: Reeves, Brent N.
name: Savelka, Jaromir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) are fundamentally reshaping computing, with large language models (LLMs) now effectively being able to generate and interpret source code and natural language instructions. These emergent capabilities have sparked urgent questions in the computing education community around how educators should adapt their pedagogy to address the challenges and to leverage the opportunities presented by this new technology. In this working group report, we undertake a comprehensive exploration of LLMs in the context of computing education and make five significant contributions. First, we provide a detailed review of the literature on LLMs in computing education and synthesise findings from 71 primary articles. Second, we report the findings of a survey of computing students and instructors from across 20 countries, capturing prevailing attitudes towards LLMs and their use in computing education contexts. Third, to understand how pedagogy is already changing, we offer insights collected from in-depth interviews with 22 computing educators from five continents who have already adapted their curricula and assessments. Fourth, we use the ACM Code of Ethics to frame a discussion of ethical issues raised by the use of large language models in computing education, and we provide concrete advice for policy makers, educators, and students. Finally, we benchmark the performance of LLMs on various computing education datasets, and highlight the extent to which the capabilities of current models are rapidly improving. Our aim is that this report will serve as a focal point for both researchers and practitioners who are exploring, adapting, using, and evaluating LLMs and LLM-based tools in computing classrooms.
description: 39 pages of content + 12 pages of references and appendices
A third endemic Artena from the Philippines (Lepidoptera: Erebidae)
Creators: name: Zilli, Alberto
name: De Vos, Rob
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Entomologica
Year: 2020

description: Artena uncinata sp. n. from the Philippines (Luzon) is described. This species is a third member of the A. lacteicincta-A. eccentrica group and can readily be separated from its closest allies by the reduced secondary sexual characters of the male and differences in the male genitalia.
description: Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 52 No. 1 (2020)
Measurements of Optical Scatter Versus Annealing Temperature for Amorphous Ta2O5 and TiO2:Ta2O5 Thin Films
Creators: name: Capote, Elenna M.
name: Gleckl, Amy
name: Guerrero, Jazlyn
name: Rezac, Michael
name: Wright, Robert
name: Smith, Joshua R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical coatings formed from amorphous oxide thin films have many applications in precision measurements. The Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) and Advanced Virgo use coatings of SiO$_2$ (silica) and TiO$_2$:Ta$_2$O$_5$ (titania doped tantala) and post-deposition annealing to 500$^\circ$C to achieve low thermal noise and low optical absorption. Optical scattering by these coatings is a key limit to the detectors' sensitivity. This paper describes optical scattering measurements for single-layer ion-beam-sputtered thin films on fused silica substrates: two samples of Ta$_2$O$_5$ and two of TiO$_2$:Ta$_2$O$_5$. Using an imaging scatterometer at a fixed scattering angle of 12.8$^\circ$, in-situ changes in the optical scatter of each sample were assessed during post-deposition annealing to 500$^\circ$C in vacuum. The scatter of three of the four coated optics was observed to decrease during the annealing process, by 25-30$\%$ for tantala and up to 74$\%$ for titania-doped tantala, while scatter from the fourth sample held constant. Angle-resolved scatter measurements performed before and after vacuum annealing suggests some improvement in three of four samples. These results demonstrate that post-deposition high-temperature annealing of single-layer tantala and titania-doped tantala thin films in vacuum does not lead to an increase in scatter, and may actually improve their scatter.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, research paper
Species delimitation by a geometric morphometric analysis within the genus Pseudoathyreus and description of a new species (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Bolboceratidae)
Creators: name: Carpaneto, Giuseppe Maria
name: Romiti, Federico
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Entomologica
Year: 2020

description: A geometric morphometric analysis, conducted as part of a taxonomic review of the genus Pseudoathyreus (Coleoptera: Bolboceratidae), allowed us to highlight the differences within a group of closely related species spread from the Sahel region to India, supporting the traditional morphological approach and confirming the presence of a newly discovered species (P. zianii n. sp.).
description: Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 52 No. 1 (2020)
Stochastic Thermodynamic Cycles of a Mesoscopic Thermoelectric Engine
Creators: name: Mayrhofer, R David
name: Elouard, Cyril
name: Splettstoesser, Janine
name: Jordan, Andrew N
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze a steady-state thermoelectric engine, whose working substance consists of two capacitively coupled quantum dots. One dot is tunnel-coupled to a hot reservoir serving as a heat source, the other one to two electrically biased reservoirs at a colder temperature, such that work is extracted under the form of a steady-state current against the bias. In single realizations of the dynamics of this steady-state engine autonomous, 4-stroke cycles can be identified. The cycles are purely stochastic, in contrast to mechanical autonomous engines which exhibit self-oscillations. In particular, these cycles fluctuate in direction and duration, and occur in competition with other spurious cycles. Using a stochastic thermodynamic approach, we quantify the cycle fluctuations and relate them to the entropy produced during individual cycles. We identify the cycle mainly responsible for the engine performance and quantify its statistics with tools from graph theory. We show that such stochastic cycles are made possible because the work extraction mechanism is itself stochastic instead of the periodic time dependence in the working-substance Hamiltonian which can be found in conventional mechanical engines. Our investigation brings new perspectives about the connection between cyclic and steady-state engines.
Observations on Ocys monzinii Magrini and Vigna Taglianti, 2006, oreophylous species from the Lombard Pre-Alps (Coleoptera: Carabidae, Bembidiina)
Creators: name: Magrini, Paolo
name: Grottolo, Mario
name: Pedersoli, Davide
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Entomologica
Year: 2020

description: Abstract New iconographic data are here reported and a new record is given (Monte Alben, Bergamo Pre-Alps) for Ocys monzinii Magrini and Vigna Taglianti, 2006; beside, a new morphometric table is provided after newly collected material.
description: Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 52 No. 1 (2020)
Reduplication in old Chinese
Creators: name: Sun, Jingtao
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This dissertation aims at constructing a description of reduplication in Old Chinese, developing a generative theory of morpho-phonological interaction to account for the formation of the reduplication patterns, and re-examining general reduplication theories and issues of other linguistic components by drawing lessons from Old Chinese reduplication. The investigation of the source data reveals that Old Chinese reduplication has four basic patterns: progressive reduplication with either "smallness" or "vividness", retrogressive pattern with "repetition", fission reduplication with "specialization", and total reduplication with a vivid impression (a parasitic sense). The formation of the reduplication patterns results from the interaction between morphology and phonology. With motivation from semantics, the monosyllabic base is reduplicated as two identical syllables, which undergo further modification. 1) Since the reduplicative form with "diminutive" or "vividness" is semantically undecomposable, OOP (One Syllable One Meaning Principle) forces the two syllables to sound like one, which is achieved by raising the sonority of the onset of the second syllable. As such, the progressive pattern arises. 2) For the same reason, the reduplicative form with "specialization" has the same shape as the progressive at one stage. Pressure from the system thus compels it to undergo further modification, eventually producing the fission pattern. 3) The reduplicative form with a vivid impression is not under the control of OOP; thus it can keep its two identical syllables intact, yielding total reduplication pattern. 4) Reduplicative verbs are semantically decomposable; thus OOP does not come into effect. That the form is actually modified stems from the pressure of an already-existent total reduplication pattern, while this modification of the first rhyme is determined by quasi-iambic stress. This interaction produces a retrogressive pattern. This study sheds light on reduplication processes in general and other linguistic issues. During reduplication, full reduplication occurs first; then the reduplicant is modified. That reduplication operates on the interface between morphology and phonology is a universal phenomenon, but how this operation proceeds is language-specific. The consistent distinction between Type A syllables and Type B syllables seen in Old Chinese reduplication patterns indicates the unreasonableness of reconstructing a "medial" yod for Old Chinese.
A Panel Data Analysis of the Repayment Capacity of Farmers
Creators: name: Durguner, Sena
name: Durguner, Sena
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: panel data
subject: random effects
subject: coverage ratio
subject: financial efficiency
subject: solvency
subject: liquidity
subject: repayment capacity
subject: profitability
subject: creditworthiness

description: Using a balanced panel of 264 unique Illinois farmers from 2000 to 2004, this study identifies the most pertinent factors that explain the repayment capacity of farmers. After correcting for endogeneity bias caused by farmer-specific effects, one year lagged debt-to-asset ratio and soil productivity are both found to be significantly correlated with the coverage ratio at the 5% significance level using random effects. The finding is significant because it can enhance agricultural lenders ability to assess creditworthiness, screen borrowers, manage loan loss reserves, and price loans, thereby decreasing lenders costs associated with defaulted loans and ultimately reducing the costs borne by the government and taxpayers.
YO'L QOPLAMALARI UCHUN ISHLATILADIGAN YANGI INNOVATSION BETONLARNING TARKIBINI TADQIQ QILISH VA UNING FIZIK-MEHANIK XOSSALARI
Creators: name: Botirova, Nodira
name: Karimova, Sevinch
name: Mo'minova, Mushtariy
name: Asadullayev, Sanjar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ushbu maqola zamonaviy transport infratuzilmasida yo'l qoplamalari uchun yangi innovatsion betonlarning tarkibi va fizik-mexanik xususiyatlarini o'rganishga bag'ishlangan. An'anaviy betonlar tezda yirtilish va korroziyaga moyil bo'lib, ekstremal ob-havo sharoitlariga chidamli emas. Innovatsion betonlar, qo'shimchalar va modifikatorlar yordamida sifatini yaxshilashni maqsad qilib qo'ygan. Maqolada innovatsion betonlarning turli turlari, ularning fizik-mexanik xususiyatlari va yo'l qoplamalari uchun qo'llanilishi ko'rib chiqiladi.
Advances toward high-accuracy gigahertz operation of tunable-barrier single-hole pumps in silicon
Creators: name: Yamahata, Gento
name: Fujiwara, Akira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Precise and reproducible current generation is key to realize quantum current standards in metrology. A promising candidate is a tunable-barrier single-charge pump, which can accurately transfer single charges one by one with an error rate of less than ppm level. Although several high-accuracy measurements have revealed such a high performance of the pumps, it is necessary to further pursue the possibility of high-precision operation toward reproducible generation of the pumping current in many devices. Here, we investigate in detail a silicon single-hole pumps, which are potentially expected to have a superior performance to single-electron pumps because of a heavy effective mass of holes. Temperature dependence measurements of current generated by the single-hole pump revealed a high energy selectivity of the tunnel barrier, which is a critical parameter to achieve high-accuracy operation. In addition, we applied the dynamic gate compensation technique to the single-hole pump and confirm the further performance improvement. Furthermore, we demonstrate gigahertz operation of a single-hole pump with an estimated lower bound of an error rate of around 0.01 ppm. These results imply a superior capability of single-hole pumps in silicon toward high-accuracy, high-speed, and stable single-charge pumping appropriate for not only metrological applications but also quantum device applications.
A new cave dwelling Duvalius from the Aurunci Mountains (Lazio) (Coleoptera: Carabidae)
Creators: name: Magrini, Paolo
name: Sbordoni, Valerio
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Entomologica
Year: 2020

description: A new anophthalmic carabid beetle belonging to the genus Duvalius Delarouzée, 1859, recently collected in a deep cave in the Southern Aurunci Mountains, Lazio, is described. The new species appears to be the most troglomorphic among all the thus far known Italian Duvalius.
description: Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 52 No. 1 (2020)
Classical and quantum random-walk centrality measures in multilayer networks
Creators: name: Böttcher, Lucas
name: Porter, Mason A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multilayer network analysis is a useful approach for studying the structural properties of entities with diverse, multitudinous relations. Classifying the importance of nodes and node-layer tuples is an important aspect of the study of multilayer networks. To do this, it is common to calculate various centrality measures, which allow one to rank nodes and node-layers according to a variety of structural features. In this paper, we formulate occupation, PageRank, betweenness, and closeness centralities in terms of node-occupation properties of different types of continuous-time classical and quantum random walks on multilayer networks. We apply our framework to a variety of synthetic and real-world multilayer networks, and we identify marked differences between classical and quantum centrality measures. Our computations also give insights into the correlations between certain random-walk-based and geodesic-path-based centralities.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures
Effects of Changes in Income on Changes in Consumption: An Empirical Investigation for Illinois Farm Households
Creators: name: Durguner, Sena
name: Ellinger, Paul N.
name: Arends-Kuenning, Mary
name: Durguner, Sena
name: Ellinger, Paul N.
name: Arends-Kuenning, Mary
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: repeated cross section
subject: OLS
subject: changes in household consumption
subject: changes in household income
subject: ranges of income changes

description: Using repeated cross section data, this study identifies how changes in income (defined over different ranges of income change) affect changes of farm household consumption. OLS regression confirms that the number of members within a farm household positively affects changes of consumption at the 1% significance level, and households with children compared to childless households are recognized to have lower change of consumption at the 5% significance level. In addition, households that experience income increases of more than 50% have higher changes of consumption compared to households who face an income decrease of more than 50% at the 1% significance level. However, no significant change of consumption is found for households with income changes between -50% and +50%. These results are not robust when a smaller dataset is considered. This research is significant because few previous studies have tried determining relevant income change ranges, at which consumption changes significantly with income. The results of the study might be further analyzed to help creditors to decide the typical cash flow demands from farm expenditures and consumption, as well as which farmers are in most need of loans.
Records of seven species of native and exotic bark beetles new to Pu’u Wa’awa’a Dry Forest Unit, Hawai‘i Island (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae)
Creators: name: Gillett, Conrad P.D.T.
name: Elliott, Christine
name: Rubinoff, Daniel
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Entomologica
Year: 2019

description: As part of ongoing surveys for native bark beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) across the Hawaiian Islands, we undertook targeted sampling at Pu’u Wa’awa’a Experimental Forest Unit, North Kona, on the northwestern part of Hawai‘i Island during February to April of 2018 and 2019. This is one of the few areas containing remaining native dry forest on the leeward, dry side of the island. Our sampling revealed the presence of seven species of bark beetles not previously recorded from Pu’u Wa’awa’a. These included two native and endemic Hawaiian species belonging to the genus Xyleborus Eichhoff (tribe Xyleborini). The other five species are the exotic Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari, 1867), or the coffee berry borer, belonging to the tribe Cryphalini, which is a serious pest of coffee in the Hawaiian Islands, and four widespread adventive species belonging to the tribe Xyleborini, including Xyleborus ferrugineus (Fabricius, 1801), whose frass has been demonstrated to be able to contain a fungus that is a causative agent of the plant disease Rapid ʻŌhiʻa Death which currently poses a threat to native ʻōhiʻa lehua trees. These records are presented and discussed in detail, and the newly recorded species are illustrated in colour photographs.
description: Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 51 No. 2 (2019)
International Trade and Competitiveness of Lake Victoria Fillets in the EU
Creators: name: Muhammad, Andrew
name: Muhammad, Andrew
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: fillets
subject: import demand
subject: EU
subject: Lake Victoria

description: Given the importance of EU demand for chilled fish fillets to the exporting sectors in Tanzania and Uganda, this study estimated the EU's import demand for fillets by country of origin to assess the competitiveness of exporters. Results imply that prices in Tanzania and Uganda had an insignificant impact on total imports expenditures in the EU. Conditional and unconditional cross-price effects indicated that exports from Lake Victoria did not compete with exports from other suppliers, such as Iceland, Norway and ROW. Import demand forecasts showed that market share in the EU should remain relatively unchanged given the trend in prices.
Electromagnetic enhancement of one-dimensional plasmonic hotspots along silver nanowire dimer examined by ultrafast surface enhanced fluorescence
Creators: name: Itoh, Tamitake
name: Yamamoto, Yuko S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the spectral properties of electromagnetic (EM) enhancement of one-dimensional hotspots (1D HSs) generated between silver nanowire (NW) dimers. The EM enhancement spectra were directly derived by dividing the spectra of ultrafast surface-enhanced fluorescence (UFSEF) from single NW dimers with UFSEF obtained from large nanoparticle aggregates, which aggregate-by-aggregate variations in the UFSEF spectra were averaged out. Some NW dimers were found to exhibit EM enhancement spectra that deviated from the plasmon resonance Rayleigh scattering spectra, indicating that their EM enhancement was not generated by superradiant plasmons. These experimental results were examined by numerical calculation based on the EM mechanism by varying the morphology of the NW dimers. The calculations reproduced the spectral deviations as the NW diameter dependence of EM enhancement. Phase analysis of the enhanced EM near fields along the 1D HSs revealed that the dipole-quadrupole coupled plasmon, which is a subradiant mode, mainly generates EM enhancement for dimers with NW diameters larger than ~80 nm, which was consistent with scanning electron microscopic measurements.
description: 46 pages, 10 figures
Automorphisms and isogeny graphs of abelian varieties, with applications to the superspecial Richelot isogeny graph
Creators: name: Florit, Enric
name: Smith, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate special structures due to automorphisms in isogeny graphs of principally polarized abelian varieties, and abelian surfaces in particular. We give theoretical and experimental results on the spectral and statistical properties of (2, 2)-isogeny graphs of superspecial abelian surfaces, including stationary distributions for random walks, bounds on eigenvalues and diameters, and a proof of the connectivity of the Jacobian subgraph of the (2, 2)-isogeny graph. Our results improve our understanding of the performance and security of some recently-proposed cryptosystems, and are also a concrete step towards a better understanding of general superspecial isogeny graphs in arbitrary dimension.
Community structure of tenebrionid beetles in the Ulan Buh Desert (Inner Mongolia, China) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
Creators: name: Niu, Yiping
name: Ren, Guodong
name: Lin, Giulia
name: Di Biase, Letizia
name: Fattorini, Simone
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Entomologica
Year: 2019

description: Tenebrionids are a conspicuous faunal component of Central Asian deserts, but little is known about their community ecology. We investigated how tenebrionid community structure varied along a vegetational gradient in the Ulan Buh Desert (Gobi Desert). Sampling was done with pitfall traps in three sites with different vegetation cover. Species abundance distributions were fitted by the geometric series model, which expresses the “niche pre-emption” hypothesis. Community structure was investigated using different measures of diversity (number of species, Margaleff richness and Shannon-Weaner index), dominance (Simpson and Berger-Parker indexes) and evenness (Pielou’s index). The observed tenebrionid species richness was similar to that known from other Gobi Desert sites. The three investigated sites have similar species-abundance patterns, but the most dominant species varied among them. This suggests that the local environment operates a filtering action on the same basic fauna, allowing different species to dominate under different conditions. Overall, the highest total abundance was observed in the true desert site, however this site had a community structure similar to that observed in the site with more vegetation. By contrast, the investigated site with intermediate conditions showed a higher diversity and evenness, and a lower dominance. Thus, intermediate conditions of plant cover favour tenebrionid diversity, whereas a dense cover or a very sparse cover increases the dominance.
description: Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 51 No. 2 (2019)
Pelobatidae
Creators: name: Sahni, Ashok
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1972
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Amphibia
Anura
Pelobatidae

description: FAMILY PELOBATIDAE
Figure 7J, K
Two ilia, AMNH 8452 and 8453, are tentatively referred to the Pelobatidae (fig. 7J, K). The identification is uncertain as the specimens are broken and consist only of the acetabular region. AMNH 8452 and 8453 are easily distinguished from other anuran ilia in the collection by the shape of the acetabulum and the relatively greater elongation of the posterior ischial process. In size AMNH 8452 most closely resembles UCMP 49524, a left pelobatid ilium, tentatively identified by Estes (1964, p. 59). The acetabulum of AMNH 8452 is more triangular than semicircular, with a raised and pointed dorsal apex. The posterior part of the acetabulum is at the same level as the ischial process, although anteriorly it develops a prominent rim near the pubic process. This process is broken in both specimens but was probably developed to the same extent as in UCMP 49524 from the Lance Formation. The medial view shows no features of diagnostic value except for an ornamentation consisting of parallel striations along the contact with the ischium and the pubis.
description: Published as part of Sahni, Ashok, 1972, The vertebrate Fauna of the Judith River formation, Montana, pp. 319-416 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 147 (6) on page 348, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3382461
Emergence of Species Scale Black Hole Horizons
Creators: name: Calderón-Infante, José
name: Delgado, Matilda
name: Uranga, Angel M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The scale at which quantum gravity becomes manifest, the species scale $Λ_s$, has recently been argued to take values parametrically lower than the Planck scale. We use black holes of vanishing horizon area (small black holes) in effective field theories coupled to quantum gravity to shed light on how the three different physical manifestations of the species scale $Λ_s$ relate to each other. (i) Near the small black hole core, a scalar field runs to infinite distance in moduli space, a regime in which the Swampland Distance Conjecture predicts a tower of exponentially light states, which lower $Λ_s$. (ii) We integrate out modes in the tower and generate via Emergence a set of higher derivative corrections, showing that $Λ_s$ is the scale at which such terms become relevant. (iii) Finally, higher derivative terms modify the black hole solution and grant it a non-zero, species scale sized stretched horizon of radius $Λ_s^{-1}$, showcasing the species scale as the size of the smallest possible black hole describable in the effective theory. We present explicit 4d examples of small black holes in 4d $\mathcal{N}=2$ supergravity, and the 10d example of type IIA D0-branes. The emergence of the species scale horizon for D0-branes requires a non-trivial interplay of different 8-derivative terms in type IIA and M-theory, providing a highly non-trivial check of our unified description of the different phenomena associated to the species scale.
description: 40 pages + appendix, 1 figure; v2: minor corrections, reference added; v3: matches published version
Generalized Killing spinors in dimension 5
Creators: name: Conti, Diego
name: Salamon, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C25 (Primary) 14J32, 53C29, 53C42, 58A15 (Secondary)

description: We study the intrinsic geometry of hypersurfaces in Calabi-Yau manifolds of real dimension 6 and, more generally, SU(2)-structures on 5-manifolds defined by a generalized Killing spinor. We prove that in the real analytic case, such a 5-manifold can be isometrically embedded as a hypersurface in a Calabi-Yau manifold in a natural way. We classify nilmanifolds carrying invariant structures of this type, and present examples of the associated metrics with holonomy SU(3).
description: 30 pages. v2: corrected the statement and proof of Theorem 14; added a comment on the embedding property in the non-real-analytic case
In memory of Augusto Vigna Taglianti (1943-2019)
Creators: name: Carpaneto, Giuseppe Maria
name: Bologna, Marco Alberto
name: Audisio, Paolo
name: Biondi, Maurizio
name: Zapparoli, Marzio
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Entomologica
Year: 2019

description: On the evening of June 7th, 2019, Augusto Vigna Taglianti died in Rome at the age of almost 76 years, after a long illness, tenderly assisted by his wife Giuliana. Formerly a Professor of Entomology at the Sapienza University of Rome, he was a Full Member of the Italian National Academy of Entomology and of the National Academy of Sciences (the “Accademia dei XL”) [...]
description: Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 51 No. 2 (2019)
A fast test for the identification and confirmation of massive black hole binaries
Creators: name: Dotti, Massimo
name: Rigamonti, Fabio
name: Rinaldi, Stefano
name: Del Pozzo, Walter
name: Decarli, Roberto
name: Buscicchio, Riccardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new observational test to identify massive black hole binaries in large multi-epoch spectroscopical catalogues and to probe the real nature of already proposed binary candidates. The test is tailored for binaries with separations large enough to allow each black hole to retain its own broad line region. In this limit the fast AGN variability typically observed over months cannot be associated to the much longer binary period, and it is assumed (as for the case of single black holes) to be the consequence of the evolution of the innermost regions of the two accretion discs. A simple analysis of the cross-correlation between different parts of individual broad emission lines can therefore identify the presence of two massive black holes whose continua vary independently of each other. Our analysis indicates that to be less affected by the noise in the spectra the broad lines should be divided in two close-to-equal-flux parts. This ensures that in the single massive black hole scenario the cross-correlation will always be high. With monitoring campaigns similar to those performed for reverberation mapping studies, on the other way, a binary can show any value of the cross-correlation and can therefore be distinguished from a standard AGN. The new test can be performed over timescales orders of magnitude shorter than the alternative tests already discussed in literature, and can be a powerful complement to the massive black hole binary search strategies already in place.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication on Astronomy & Astrophysics
The Wage and Non-wage Costs of Displacement: Evidence from Russia
Creators: name: Lehmann, Hartmut
name: Muravyev, Alexander
name: Razzolini, Tiziano
name: Zaiceva, Anzelika
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2011
Subjects: SECS-P/01 Economia politica

description: This paper is the first to analyze the costs of job loss in Russia, using unique new data from the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey over the years 2003-2008, including a special supplement on displacement that was initiated by us. We employ fixed effects regression models and propensity score matching techniques in order to establish the causal effect of displacement for displaced individuals. The paper is innovative insofar as we investigate fringe and in-kind benefits and the propensity to have an informal employment relationship as well as a permanent contract as relevant labor market outcomes upon displacement. We also analyze monthly earnings, hourly wages, employment and hours worked, which are traditionally investigated in the literature. Compared to the control group of non-displaced workers (i.e. stayers and quitters), displaced individuals face a significant income loss following displacement, which is mainly due to the reduction in employment and hours worked. This effect is robust to the definition of displacement. The losses seem to be more pronounced and are especially large for older workers with labor market experience and human capital acquired in Soviet times and for workers with primary and secondary education. Workers displaced from state firms experience particularly large relative losses in the short run, while such losses for workers laid off from private firms are more persistent. Turning to the additional non-conventional labor market outcomes, there is a loss in terms of the number of fringe and in-kind benefits for reemployed individuals but not in terms of their value. There is also some evidence of an increased probability of working in informal jobs if displaced. These results point towards the importance of both firm-specific human capital and of obsolete skills obtained under the centrally planned economy as well as to a wider occurrence of job insecurity among displaced workers.
Superfluid density and competing orders in d-wave superconductors
Creators: name: Sharapov, S. G.
name: Carbotte, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive expressions for the superfluid density $ρ_s$ in the low-temperature limit $T \to 0$ in d-wave superconductors, taking into account the presence of competing orders such as spin-density waves, $i d_{xy}$-pairing, etc. Recent experimental data for the thermal conductivity and for elastic neutron scattering in La$_{2-x}$Sr$_x$CuO$_4$ suggest there are magnetic field induced anomalies that can be interpreted in terms of competing orders. We consider the implications of these results for the superfluid density and show in the case of competing spin-density wave order that the usual Volovik-like $\sqrt{H}$ depletion of $ρ_s(H)$ is replaced by a slower dependence on applied magnetic field. We find that it is crucial to include the competing order parameter in the self-consistent equation for the impurity scattering rate.
description: 17 pages, RevTeX4, 6 EPS figures; final version published in PRB
New genera, species, and records of Trichogrammatidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea)
Creators: name: Viggiani, Gennaro
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Entomologica
Year: 2019

description: The following new genera and species are described: Adryas indica sp. nov., Chaetogramma (Chaetogrammina) asensillatum sp. nov., Chaetostricha brevifuniculata sp. nov., Chaetostricha huberi sp. nov., Haeckeliania africana sp. nov., Haeckeliania bicornis sp. nov., Haeckeliania brevimarginata sp. nov., Haeckeliania densiciliata sp. nov., Haeckeliania ipersensillata sp. nov., Haeckeliania longiterebrata sp.nov., Haeckeliania macrosensillata sp. nov., Haeckeliania malaysiana sp. nov., Haeckeliania pachivenata sp. nov., Haeckeliania trilongisensillata sp. nov., Hayatia longicornis sp. nov., Hydrophylita pacifica sp. nov., Indonesiagramma bistigmatum gen. nov., sp. nov., Masnerigramma sinicum gen. nov., sp. nov., Oligosita dolichogaster sp. nov., Oligosita kenyota sp.nov., Oligosita microciliata sp. nov., Probrachista biclavata sp. nov., Probrachista longiciliata sp. nov., Probrachista triclavata sp. nov., Pseudogrammina bifasciatipenne sp. nov., Pseudogrammina longifrangiata sp. nov., Pseudoligosita biclavata sp. nov., Pseudoligosita ipersensillata sp. nov., Pseudoligosita macrosensillata sp. nov., Trichogramma unicum sp. nov. New data and records are reported for Chaetogramma caudata (De Santis) and Probrachista nepalensis Viggiani.
description: Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 51 No. 2 (2019)
A Note on Gauge Anomaly Cancellation in Effective Field Theories
Creators: name: Feruglio, Ferruccio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The conditions for the absence of gauge anomalies in effective field theories (EFT) are rivisited. General results from the cohomology of the BRST operator do not prevent potential anomalies arising from the non-renormalizable sector, when the gauge group is not semi-simple, like in the Standard Model EFT (SMEFT). By considering a simple explicit model that mimics the SMEFT properties, we compute the anomaly in the regularized theory, including a complete set of dimension six operators. We show that the dependence of the anomaly on the non-renormalizable part can be removed by adding a local counterterm to the theory. As a result the condition for gauge anomaly cancellation is completely controlled by the charge assignment of the fermion sector, as in the renormalizable theory.
description: Corrected a numerical error in expression of the coefficients $\xi_{\varphi A}$ and $\xi_{\varphi\varphi}$, conclusion unchanged