cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Trial Spacing and the Conditioned Motivational Effects of a Food-Predictive Cue
Creators: name: Sutton, Gabrielle M.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2023

description: Stimuli in the environment can come to influence motivation and behavior through a process known as Pavlovian conditioning. During Pavlovian conditioning, stimuli in the environment come to predict the availability of a reward. Two different procedures are used to investigate how stimuli can modify ongoing behavior and reward consumption, known as Pavlovian-instrumental transfer and potentiated feeding, respectively. In other procedures that investigate how stimuli modify behavior, certain time intervals during Pavlovian training can influence how much a stimulus can modify behavior. One of those intervals is the time between the presentation of a stimulus and the associated reward. This interval has been shown to influence both Pavlovian-instrumental transfer and potentiated feeding. The other interval, the time between the end of one stimulus and the beginning of the next, has not been investigated in regards to the aforementioned procedures. The current study assessed how differences in this interval altered Pavlovian-instrumental transfer and potentiated feeding. This interval did not affect Pavlovian-instrumental transfer in the current experiment. Potentiated feeding was not able to be assessed.
The geography of geographical education in Scotland: Who studies geography and why?
Creators: name: Selmes, Ian
name: McConnell, Alastair
name: Bruce, Jim
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: In Scotland there is on-going concern about the status of geography in education. The numbers of pupils studying geography has been falling, as has the number of universities offering the subject. All when the relevance and importance of geography should be high, given the significance of issues such as climate and biodiversity change. Who studies geography is crucial knowledge for a vibrant discipline seeking to engage with relevant actors to grow the subject and perceptions of its value. This paper combines quantitative data for academic years ending 2016–2021 from the Scottish Pupil Census with Scottish Qualification Authority geography entry and attainment statistics for secondary school pupils, plus Higher Education Statistics Agency figures for undergraduate and postgraduate geographers in Scottish universities. It shows that the tide may now be turning for geography study in Scotland, entries are rising at all stages as its attainment. There remain huge differences between local authorities. Female students tend to predominate, as do learners in the lowest deprivation quintiles. The empirical knowledge of characteristics of who is studying geography at each national stage of education in Scotland is enlightening. The question for all professional geographers is how we might together improve on the current situation.
title: Comparing 1D, 2D, and 3D Hydraulic Models in Urban Flooding Applications
Creators: name: Kesler, Taylor
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2023

description: Floods have been a hazard to people since people first started building near rivers. Predicting floods can be very beneficial to save lives and property. Computers have made it possible to solve fluid dynamics equations in a fast and efficient manner. Computer programs have been designed to solve these equations and create digital models of floods.
This study compares three different methods of computer modeling and explores their advantages and disadvantages. One-dimensional models solve fluid equations by setting up a series of cross sections. Two-dimensional models use a grid-like mesh to solve fluid equations from one cell to the next. Three-dimensional or computational fluid dynamics models use a three-dimensional mesh to solve complex fluid equations.
The study focuses on a stretch of the Logan river, located in Logan, Utah USA. This is a stretch of river that is prone to flooding during high runoff due to snowmelt. Determining the primary causes of flooding can help create plans to reduce the risk of loss of life, and property damage.
Inverse-Probability-Weighted Estimation for Monotone and Nonmonotone Missing Data
Creators: name: Perkins, N.J.
name: Harel, O.
name: Tchetgen Tchetgen, E.J.
name: Schisterman, E.F.
name: Sun, B.
name: Cole, S.R.
name: Mitchell, E.M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Missing data is a common occurrence in epidemiologic research. In this paper, 3 data sets with induced missing values from the Collaborative Perinatal Project, a multisite US study conducted from 1959 to 1974, are provided as examples of prototypical epidemiologic studies with missing data. Our goal was to estimate the association of maternal smoking behavior with spontaneous abortion while adjusting for numerous confounders. At the same time, we did not necessarily wish to evaluate the joint distribution among potentially unobserved covariates, which is seldom the subject of substantive scientific interest. The inverse probability weighting (IPW) approach preserves the semiparametric structure of the underlying model of substantive interest and clearly separates the model of substantive interest from the model used to account for the missing data. However, IPW often will not result in valid inference if the missing-data pattern is nonmonotone, even if the data are missing at random. We describe a recently proposed approach to modeling nonmonotone missing-data mechanisms under missingness at random to use in constructing the weights in IPW complete-case estimation, and we illustrate the approach using 3 data sets described in a companion article (Am J Epidemiol. 2018;187(3):568–575).
title: Usage of Transarterial Chemoembolisation (TACE) and Radioembolisation (SIRT) for Colorectal Cancer Metastases in EU5 Countries
Creators: name: Najran, Pavan
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Colon
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Oncology
subject: CT
subject: Radioembolisation
subject: Chemoembolisation
subject: Cancer

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Out of patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC), approximately 50% to 60% develop metastases (mCRC) [1]. In a small percentage of patients with metastases in a limited part of the liver, who are eligible for surgery, surgical resection may...
Resolving an apparent paradox in doubly robust estimators
Creators: name: Westreich, D.
name: Jonsson Funk, M.
name: Cole, S.R.
name: Keil, A.P.
name: Mooney, S.J.
name: Edwards, J.K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Doubly robust estimators are an approach used for estimating causal effects, usually based on fitting 2 statistical models (1). As the initial motivating example, Scharfstein et al. defined a robust estimator of the causal effect of some exposure X on outcome Y using models for both X and Y⁠; they demonstrated that such an estimator is consistent if “at least one of the [fitted] models… is correct” (2, p. 1142). Such estimators were later termed “doubly robust” (3, p. 6). Here, we demonstrate that using common (but incorrect) intuition about what makes a model “correct” or “incorrect” can turn doubly robust estimators into estimators that are inconsistent if at least one of the fitted models is wrong. We introduce and resolve this double-robust paradox, demonstrating what must be meant by “correct model.”
Inverse Probability Weights for the Analysis of Polytomous Outcomes
Creators: name: Richardson, D.B.
name: Naimi, A.I.
name: Cole, S.R.
name: Kinlaw, A.C.
name: Kaufman, J.S.
name: Keil, A.P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Polytomous outcomes are common in epidemiologic studies. Analyses based on multinomial models employ a likelihood that utilizes the data observed in all outcome categories simultaneously and permits inferences regarding associations across outcome categories. However, the potentially large number of estimated parameters produced by multinomial model fitting can lead to problems of estimation and inference (1). We have proposed an inverse-probability-of-exposure weighted multinomial model for analysis of polytomous outcomes, described its implementation, and illustrated it. The approach yields marginal estimates of associations, which are sometimes desirable as summary measures of association (2). This approach allows for confounding control and tends to be less susceptible to problems of estimation that arise when at least one outcome category is rare.
Geometry and structure of quantum phase space
Creators: name: Heydari, Hoshang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The application of geometry to physics has provided us with new insightful information about many physical theories such as classical mechanics, general relativity, and quantum geometry (quantum gravity). The geometry also plays an important role in foundations of quantum mechanics and quantum information. In this work we discuss a geometric framework for mixed quantum states represented by density matrices, where the quantum phase space of density matrices is equipped with a symplectic structure, an almost complex structure, and a compatible Riemannian metric. This compatible triple allow us to investigate arbitrary quantum systems. We will also discuss some applications of the geometric framework.
description: 7 pages, talk given at the conference on Quantum Theory: from Problems to Advances - QTPA
Opportunities and Challenges of Online Education: An Interpretive Inquiry of Higher Educational Institutions in Dhankuta District
Creators: name: Poudel, Ambika Prasad
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: collaborative learning, Online Education, ICT infrastructures

description: A Mini Research Submitted to The External Examiner ,The Research Management Cell, Dhankuta Multiple Campus, Dhankuta
Mobile Robot-Assisted Material Handling in Prefabricated Housing Factories
Creators: name: Ou, Tingsong
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Architecture not elsewhere classified

description: The prefabricated housing industry in the U.S. aims to relieve the shortage of affordable housing by manufacturing housing components off-site and assembling them on-site to increase project time efficiency and reduce the total cost. However, the industry still heavily depends on human work, and lacks of automation due to its cost-conscious nature. To find a proper way to introduce automation to the current labor-intensive manufacturing process, I first visited two prefabricated housing factories in the northeast U.S. to take a deeper look into their manufacturing process and material flow to find a proper task that can be automated. Based on the site visits, adding financial and practical considerations, the thesis proposes a system that uses mobile robots to assist with the material handling tasks. The solution includes robot hardware design and material transport strategy, algorithms of pathfinding/line-following, and collision avoidance methods. Due to the complexity of the project and the nature of this as a research thesis, the solution does not aim to deliver a complete, market-ready solution, but a proof of concept of a mobile robot-assisted material handling system able to handle materials of various sizes, plan the shortest path between stops, and agilely navigate in the narrow factory space without colliding with obstacles and pedestrians. The outcomes include a physical robot that passes the maneuverability test and a virtual simulation that puts all components together to prove the viability of the system. Finally, the thesis discusses the limitations of the project and opens up discussion on the possible future directions for refining the system.1
Primary non-adherence and the new-user design
Creators: name: Cole, S.R.
name: Brookhart, M.A.
name: Li, X.
name: Westreich, D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: The new‐user design has been widely used in pharmacoepidemiology. By following patients from the initiation of a treatment, the new‐user design has several advantages over designs that begin follow‐up on prevalent users. The new‐user design allows study of the full time course of outcome risk after treatment initiation, with representation of early and late events. It also ensures appropriate temporal ordering of baseline confounders, exposures, and outcomes, avoiding adjustment for intermediate variables that may have been affected by treatment. Coupled with an active‐comparator design, new‐user approaches can mitigate the potential for immortal time‐bias and confounding by indication. The active comparator new‐user design helps to articulate clearly a causal question about the benefits and harms of starting a particular intervention in a more real‐world setting. These theoretical and conceptual advantages have led to the recommendation that such designs should be a default approach for comparative effectiveness research studies.
title: Imaging findings after thoraco-lumbar spine arthrodesis and decompression: a practical approach to the radiology report.
Creators: name: Carone, Luisa
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology spine
subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Outcomes

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The aim is to help general radiologist to correctly report multimodality imaging after spinal arthrodesis and decompression, explaining how we perform imaging examination at our institution and describing normal findings and signs of most common...
Global solutions for a supercritical drift-diffusion equation
Creators: name: Burczak, Jan
name: Granero-Belinchón, Rafael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35K55, 35K65

description: We study the global existence of solutions to a one-dimensional drift-diffusion equation with logistic term, generalizing the classical parabolic-elliptic Keller-Segel aggregation equation arising in mathematical biology. In particular, we prove that there exists a global weak solution, if the order of the fractional diffusion $α\in (1-c_1, 2]$, where $c_1>0$ is an explicit constant depending on the physical parameters present in the problem (chemosensitivity and strength of logistic damping). Furthermore, in the range $1-c_2
(101923) Mary Digby
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Empirical Comparison of Publication Bias Tests in Meta-Analysis
Creators: name: Murad, M.H.
name: Lin, L.
name: Qu, Z.
name: Cole, S.R.
name: Chen, Y.
name: Hong, C.
name: Chu, H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Background Decision makers rely on meta-analytic estimates to trade off benefits and harms. Publication bias impairs the validity and generalizability of such estimates. The performance of various statistical tests for publication bias has been largely compared using simulation studies and has not been systematically evaluated in empirical data. Methods This study compares seven commonly used publication bias tests (i.e., Begg’s rank test, trim-and-fill, Egger’s, Tang’s, Macaskill’s, Deeks’, and Peters’ regression tests) based on 28,655 meta-analyses available in the Cochrane Library. Results Egger’s regression test detected publication bias more frequently than other tests (15.7% in meta-analyses of binary outcomes and 13.5% in meta-analyses of non-binary outcomes). The proportion of statistically significant publication bias tests was greater for larger meta-analyses, especially for Begg’s rank test and the trim-and-fill method. The agreement among Tang’s, Macaskill’s, Deeks’, and Peters’ regression tests for binary outcomes was moderately strong (most κ’s were around 0.6). Tang’s and Deeks’ tests had fairly similar performance (κ > 0.9). The agreement among Begg’s rank test, the trim-and-fill method, and Egger’s regression test was weak or moderate (κ < 0.5). Conclusions Given the relatively low agreement between many publication bias tests, meta-analysts should not rely on a single test and may apply multiple tests with various assumptions. Non-statistical approaches to evaluating publication bias (e.g., searching clinical trials registries, records of drug approving agencies, and scientific conference proceedings) remain essential.
title: Pressure from PIV for an Oscillating Internal Flow
Creators: name: Sakib, Md Nazmus
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2022

description: Reconstruction of the pressure field from experimental velocity data is challenging, and no single method performs well for all experimental conditions. The challenge primarily comes from the noise in the experimental velocity data that propagates into the reconstructed pressure field. In internal flows, pressure reconstruction is especially challenging as there is often a lack of quiescent or friction-less boundaries. As a result, Bernoulli’s principle cannot be applied for Dirichlet boundary conditions. Furthermore, the noise in the velocimetry data are particularly high near the boundaries of the measurement domain. These errors contaminate the reconstructed pressure field through the Neumann boundary conditions.
In this dissertation, the pressure field of an oscillating internal flow is computed from time-resolved, three-dimensional, three-component Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) velocity data. The experiment for this study is an impinging synthetic jet confined in a hexagonal water tank. This flow was chosen to enable a systematic investigation of the effects of both the boundary conditions and the spatial resolution on the computed pressure field. The instantaneous pressure fields are reconstructed through the mid-plane of the synthetic jet using a 2D formulation of the pressure Poisson equation. The reconstruction of the pressure field from experimental velocity field is performed for both PIV and PTV velocity data using different pressure reconstruction techniques. We demonstrate that the reconstructed pressure fields show sensitivity to the type and implementation of the boundary conditions. The pressure fields exhibit large random fluctuations when the majority of the boundary conditions are the Neumann type directly calculated from the PIV data. Increasing the length of Dirichlet boundary conditions and replacing the calculated Neumann boundary conditions with prescribed values reduces these fluctuations in the reconstructed pressure fields. A new approach to calculate the error in the pressure field for experiments, where a ground truth is not available, is used based on a recent analytical work leveraging the incompressibility and periodic nature of the flow. Phase-averages of the reconstructed pressure field of the synthetic jet is used as experiment-based ground truth. The optimal spatial resolution and the error level in the reconstructed pressure fields show strong dependence to the formulation of the pressure Poisson equation and the length scale of the flow relative to the spatial resolution.
VisionARy: An Open Source 3D Environment Segmentation Toolkit for Augmented Reality
Creators: name: Wang, Yuechen
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Digital and Interaction Design

description: This research is dedicated to making existing 3D semantic segmentation technologies for indoor data accessible to Augmented Reality (AR) developers and researchers, with a focus on enhancing Developer Experience (DevEx). We present VisionARy, an open-source toolkit that bridges the gap between AR applications and 3D segmentation by facilitating the adaptation of raw spatial mesh data and connecting the AR device to a computer. In this thesis, we define a positive AR developer experience through two key elements: expectation and inspiration. This means developers should clearly understand their technologies' potential and limits, while also staying inspired throughout the AR development process. To embody this vision, we design and implement VisionARy toolkit. This thesis contributes to developer experience research by critically reflecting on the development process using the VisionARy toolkit. Reflecting on the project’s outcomes and limitations, our work will inspire continued exploration and improvement in DevEx.
title: Bipartisan Bills from Caucus Collaboration: Solutions to Polarized or Non-Polarized Issues?
Creators: name: Holden, Kaitlin
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2022

description: This paper investigates whether caucus members pursue bipartisan collaboration on bills related to polarized or non-polarized policy issues. The aim is to determine whether caucuses may be used to pursue bipartisan solutions to major policy issues in an increasingly polarized political environment. I model the effect that the presence of a women’s caucus has on bipartisan collaboration in increasingly polarized legislatures, depending on whether a bill’s title contains words related to polarized issues and its overall sentiment. Findings indicate that bipartisan women may be more likely to collaborate on polarized bills then non-polarized bills in legislatures with a women’s caucus and in legislatures without a women’s caucus if polarization is low; and that the presence of a women’s caucus may not encourage bipartisan collaboration overall amongst women legislators but may reduce the rate at which increasing polarization slows their bipartisan collaboration on polarized bills. This paper illustrates a new way to measure the polarization level of bills and begins to consider how their polarization level may affect bipartisan collaboration.
title: Bone healing: radiology of normal and diseased bone
Creators: name: Danesino, Gian Marco
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: Bones
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Complications
subject: Outcomes

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The aim is to describe physiological mechanisms of bone healing and their correlation to multimodality imaging findings in different stage (from the acute phase to the outcome) and to review principal causes of failure/delayed repair and related...
(101917) Rosalin Jane Digby
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(101918) Robert William Avery Digby
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Collective amplitude mode fluctuations in a flat band superconductor
Creators: name: Kauppila, V. J.
name: Hyart, T.
name: Heikkilä, T. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the fluctuations of the amplitude (i.e. the Higgs-Anderson) mode in a superconducting system of coupled Dirac particles proposed as a model for possible surface or interface superconductivity in rhombohedral graphite. We show that the absence of Fermi energy and vanishing of the excitation gap of the collective amplitude mode in the model leads to a large fluctuation contribution to thermodynamic quantities such as the heat capacity. As a consequence, the mean-field theory becomes inaccurate indicating that the interactions lead to a strongly correlated state. We also present a microscopic derivation of the Ginzburg-Landau theory corresponding to this model.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
(101919) Jeremy Taylor Digby
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: GRASE (gradient and spin-echo): An alternative for T2-weighted turbo spin echo sequence in ankle joint
Creators: name: Srinivasan, Gopinath
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Experimental investigations
subject: Physics
subject: MR
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: MR physics
subject: Extremities
subject: Artifacts
subject: Athletic injuries

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The aim was to evaluate chronic ankle pain using GRASE (gradient and spin-echo) and compare with T2-weighted TSE (Turbo spin echo sequence).The primary objective was comparingGRASE and T2W TSE in assessment ofanterior talofibular ligament...
title: The Strategy of Metallgesellschaft: A Sophisticated Catallactic Analysis
Creators: name: Goodridge, Janette
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2022

description: In the fall of 1993, German company Metallgesellschaft, Ag experienced a loss of over one billion dollars. This loss resulted from its hedging strategy, and was one of the largest losses of its kind at the time. Naturally this raised interest regarding what caused these huge losses, and called into question the events and circumstances surrounding and leading up to this disaster. There are two basic schools of thought regarding Metallgesellschaft's strategy. The first is that it was a good strategy and had the potential to be successful and profitable. The other is that its strategy was risky and speculative. Despite the abundance of literature surrounding this event, there has been so resolution. My research looks to remedy this by directly confronting the controversy. The methodologies I use can answer once and for all if Metallgesellschaft unnecessarily took on too much risk, or had a good strategy. I find that MGRM's hedging strategy would have been profitable if it hadn't been prematurely ended. I further find that an options like strategy would have alleviated MGRM's cash flow problem.
title: Estimating the Effects of Forms of Computer-Based Scaffolding in Problem-Centered STEM Instruction
Creators: name: Lefler, Mason Reed
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2022

description: Much like Post-Sputnik 1950s era there is a lot of interest in making sure that United States does not fall behind in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) education. STEM learners are often presented with complex problems to solve both as part of their education and their work. Engineering education suffers from student dropout often due to how difficult it is to support students through solving problems. This dissertation is a close look at computer-based scaffolding, a method of supporting learners during problem solving through computer software. The first paper in this dissertation examines and resolves some of the debate about key terms in scaffolding. The second paper looks across all of the collegiate engineering education research to date and measures the unique and combined contributions of scaffolding forms on learning using a technique called meta-analysis.
title: Fetal CNS MRI, What to look for?
Creators: name: Acosta, Laura
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: CNS
subject: Foetal imaging
subject: MR
subject: Education
subject: Congenital
subject: Foetus

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: • Describe the usefulness and application of fetal MRI as an adjunct to obstetric ultrasound. • Concisely explain the different magnetic resonance sequences required for fetal MR Imaging. • Show cases of fetal nervous system congenital...
title: Relativistic, Continuum Drift-Kinetic Capability in the NIMROD Plasma Fluid Code
Creators: name: Markham, Tyler
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2022

description: A ”runaway” electron is an electron that, through a self-reinforcing process, accelerates to relativistic speeds. At multiple points during tokamak discharges, relativistic runaway electron (RE) beams can form. RE beams pose a serious risk in the form of severe damage to plasma facing components in ITER and future burning plasma reactors. Early RE studies used simplified geometric and transport models, but enabled feedback on the overall plasma evolution. This feedback is important for understanding the evolution of the RE current column. The work in this thesis is an important step toward self-consistently evolving an RE distribution in the plasma fluid code NIMROD. While the long-term goal is to predict RE particle and heat loads on plasma facing components in NIMROD simulations of ITER, this work seeks to verify several 2D phase-space benchmarks involving the linear and nonlinear relativistic Coulomb collision operators. In particular, we show successful benchmarking of the NIMROD and NORSE codes for the case of thermodynamic equilibrium.
Topological black holes in pure Gauss-Bonnet gravity and phase transitions
Creators: name: Aránguiz, Ligeia
name: Kuang, Xiao-Mei
name: Miskovic, Olivera
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study charged, static, topological black holes in pure Gauss-Bonnet gravity in asymptotically AdS space. As in general relativity, the theory possesses a unique nondegenerate AdS vacuum. It also admits charged black hole solutions which asymptotically behave as the Reissner-Nordström AdS black hole. We discuss black hole thermodynamics of these black holes. Then we study phase transitions in a dual quantum field theory in four dimensions, with the Stückelberg scalar field as an order parameter. We find in the probe limit that the black hole can develop hair below some critical temperature, which suggests a phase transition. Depending on the scalar coupling constants, the phase transition can be first or second order. Analysis of the free energy reveals that, comparing the two solutions, the hairy state is energetically favorable, thus a phase transition will occur in a dual field theory.
description: 28 pages, 3 figures; V2:References modified; Probe limit added; V3: Minor correction, Published version
(101914) Mary Elizabeth Pomeroy Avery
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Acoustic radiation force impulse elastography as a diagnostic measurement tool in limb lymphedema: correlation with lymphoscintigraphy
Creators: name: Chan, Wen-Hui
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Oedema
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Elastography
subject: Lymph nodes
subject: Extremities
subject: Tissue characterisation

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Background Lymphedema is a progressive pathologic condition in which protein-rich fluid accumulates in cutaneous and subcutaneous tissue due to disruption of lymphatic drainage function [1]. Over time, chronic lymphedema leads to...
title: A Mixed-Methods Study of College Experiences and Learning and Study Strategies of High-Achieving Engineering Students
Creators: name: Osunbunmi, Ibukun Samuel
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2022

description: According to the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), the aims of education include, “fostering international understanding among all the peoples of the world, improving the standard for living of people in various countries, and solving the continuing problem that plague humanity, such as war, disease, hunger and unemployment.” Therefore, any nation of the world that would keep meeting the demands of its community, solve societal problems, and stay on competitive edge in the international community must keep improving its educational system.
One primary goal of any educational system is to prepare students who are career-ready to be part of the workforce. The Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) field plays a pivotal role in improving the economy, providing security, advancing technology, and enhancing productivity. It is necessary to increase the retention of competent engineering students graduating from our colleges of engineering, by increasing engagement in college activities, improving college experiences, utilizing learning and study strategies that optimize learning, and thoroughly preparing students to meet the needs of society and the demands of the industry.
Past studies have suggested that demography, quality of effort, study skills, and college environment are significant contributory factors that predict students’ academic achievement and career readiness. Other studies have suggested that best educational practices, such as active learning, student-faculty interaction, learning communities, internships, capstone courses and projects, undergraduate research are the greatest contributors to academic achievement. In this study, the researcher used two instruments, College Student Experience Questionnaires and Learning and Study Strategies Inventory, to evaluate the quality of effort, educational practices, study skills, college environment, and progress made towards desired outcome of college. A follow-up interview session to further explore their college experiences and learning skills was conducted. The outcome of the interview provided the researcher with consolidation and explanation of the quantitative surveys’ results.
The outcome of this study shows that quality of relationships students experiences on campus, and emphasis on university policies, have a significant impact on progress high-achieving engineering students made towards desired outcome of college. Furthermore, best educational practices, such as internships, capstone courses and projects, undergraduate research, and peer learning significantly prepared the high-achieving engineering students for the workforce.
Sharp extensions and algebraic properties for solution families of vector-valued differential equations
Creators: name: Abadias, Luciano
name: Lizama, Carlos
name: Miana, Pedro J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 47D06, Secondary 44A10, 47D60, 44A35

description: In this paper we show the unexpected property that extension from local to global without loss of regularity holds for the solutions of a wide class of vector-valued differential equations, in particular for the class of fractional abstract Cauchy problems in the subdiffusive case. The main technique is the use of the algebraic structure of these solutions, which are defined by new versions of functional equations defining solution families of bounded operators. The convolution product and the double Laplace transform for functions of two variables are useful tools which we apply also to extend these solutions. Finally we illustrate our results with different concrete examples.
title: Changes in the microstructural components of brain networks in pain relief - a network based Diffusion Tensor Imaging study.
Creators: name: Naumczyk, Patrycja
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Neural networks
subject: Experimental investigations
subject: Outcomes

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Previous studies suggest that neural underpinnings of the pain experience differ depending on whether the acute or the chronic pain is being considered (Apkarian, 2011). Acute nociceptive information evokes neural response in various...
At-Risk Alcohol Use Among HIV-Positive Patients and the Completion of Patient-Reported Outcomes
Creators: name: Christopoulos, K.
name: Mathews, W.C.
name: OCleirigh, C.
name: Moore, R.
name: Rudolph, J.E.
name: Edwards, J.K.
name: Cole, S.R.
name: Center for AIDS Research Network of Integrated Clinical Systems
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Heavy drinking is prevalent among people living with HIV. Studies use tools like patient-reported outcomes (PROs) to quantify alcohol use in a detailed, timely manner. However, if alcohol misuse influences PRO completion, selection bias may result. Our study included 14,145 adult HIV patients (133,036 visits) from CNICS who were eligible to complete PROs at an HIV primary care visit. We compared PRO completion proportions between patients with and without a clinical diagnosis of at-risk alcohol use in the prior year. We accounted for confounding by baseline and visit-specific covariates. PROs were completed at 20.8% of assessed visits. The adjusted difference in PRO completion proportions was -3.2% (95% CI -5.6 to -0.8%). The small association between receipt of an at-risk alcohol use diagnosis and decreased PRO completion suggests there could be modest selection bias in studies using the PRO alcohol measure.
Voracious vortexes in cataclysmic variables. A multi-epoch tomographic study of HT Cassiopeia
Creators: name: Neustroev, V. V.
name: Zharikov, S. V.
name: Borisov, N. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present multi-epoch, time-resolved optical spectroscopic observations of the dwarf nova HT Cas, obtained during 1986, 1992, 1995 and 2005 with the aim to study the properties of emission structures in the system. We determined that the accretion disc radius, measured from the double-peaked emission line profiles, is persistently large and lies within the range of 0.45-0.52a, where a is the binary separation. This is close to the tidal truncation radius r_max=0.52a. This result contradicts with previous radius measurements. An extensive set of Doppler maps has revealed a very complex emission structure of the accretion disc. Apart from a ring of disc emission, the tomograms display at least three areas of enhanced emission: the hot spot from the area of interaction between the gas stream and the disc, which is superposed on the elongated spiral structure, and the extended bright region on the leading side of the disc, opposite to the location of the hot spot. The position of the hot spot in all the emission lines is consistent with the trajectory of the gas stream. However, the peaks of emission are located in the range of distances 0.22-0.30a, which are much closer to the white dwarf than the disc edge. This suggests that the outer disc regions have a very low density, allowing the gas stream to flow almost freely before it starts to be seen as an emission source. We have found that the extended emission region in the leading side of the disc is always observed at the very edge of the large disc. Observations of other cataclysmic variables, which show a similar emission structure in their tomograms, confirm this conclusion. We propose that the leading side bright region is caused by irradiation of tidally thickened sectors of the outer disc by the white dwarf and/or hot inner disc regions.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures. Minor modifications to match version published by Astronomy & Astrophysics
The pressure in a deep-water Stokes wave of greatest height
Creators: name: Lyons, Tony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35Q31, 35Q35, 76B99

description: In this paper we investigate the qualitative behaviour of the pressure function beneath an extreme Stokes wave over infinite depth. The presence of a stagnation point at the wave-crest of an extreme Stokes wave introduces a number of mathematical difficulties resulting in the irregularity of the free surface profile. It will be proven that the pressure decreases in the horizontal direction between a crest-line and subsequent trough-line, except along these lines themselves where the pressure is stationary with respect to the horizontal coordinate. In addition we will prove that the pressure strictly increases with depth throughout the fluid body.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures. To appear in Journal of Mathematical Fluid Mechanics
Low-Resource Speech Recognition for Thousands of Languages
Creators: name: Li, Xinjian
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing not elsewhere classified

description: Recently, the performance of speech recognition has witnessed rapid improvement due to modern architectures. Those models typically require thousands of hours of training data for the target language. However, there are around 8000 languages in the world, the majority of which do not have any audio or text dataset, which significantly restricts the scope of target languages. This thesis attempts to expand the target languages of speech recognition to more than thousands of languages by reducing the dataset requirement. In particular, we present a speech recognition pipeline that does not require any audio for the target language. The only assumption is that we have access to raw text datasets or a set of n-gram statistics for the target language. In the minimalist assumption, we only employ the lexicon from the target language. Our speech pipeline consists of three components: acoustic model, pronunciation model, and language model. Unlike the standard pipeline, our acoustic and pronunciation models use multilingual models without any supervision of the target language. The first part of this thesis discusses the hierarchical acoustic model which can be decomposed into two submodules: the universal phone recognition model recognizes language-independent phones using phonological articulatory features, and subsequently the allophone model mapping phones into language-dependent phonemes. In the second part, we turn our focus on the pronunciation model and language model. We develop a zero-shot learning grapheme-to-phoneme (G2P) model which approximates the target language using nearest languages from the phylogenetic tree. G2P model serves as a pronunciation model. The language model can be built using n-gram statistics or the raw text dataset. We build our language model by combining it with a large endangered languages n-gram database and a lexicon database. In the last part, we introduce two databases we use in the pipeline and relevant alignment applications. Using the proposed pipeline and datasets, we build speech recognition systems for 6185 languages, which significantly expands the scope of target languages in speech recognition.
Non-wellfounded trees in Homotopy Type Theory
Creators: name: Ahrens, Benedikt
name: Capriotti, Paolo
name: Spadotti, Régis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: F.3.2

description: We prove a conjecture about the constructibility of coinductive types - in the principled form of indexed M-types - in Homotopy Type Theory. The conjecture says that in the presence of inductive types, coinductive types are derivable. Indeed, in this work, we construct coinductive types in a subsystem of Homotopy Type Theory; this subsystem is given by Intensional Martin-Löf type theory with natural numbers and Voevodsky's Univalence Axiom. Our results are mechanized in the computer proof assistant Agda.
description: 14 pages, to be published in proceedings of TLCA 2015; ancillary files contain Agda files with formalized proofs