cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
SegPGD: An Effective and Efficient Adversarial Attack for Evaluating and Boosting Segmentation Robustness
Creators: name: Gu, Jindong
name: Zhao, Hengshuang
name: Tresp, Volker
name: Torr, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Deep neural network-based image classifications are vulnerable to adversarial perturbations. The image classifications can be easily fooled by adding artificial small and imperceptible perturbations to input images. As one of the most effective defense strategies, adversarial training was proposed to address the vulnerability of classification models, where the adversarial examples are created and injected into training data during training. The attack and defense of classification models have been intensively studied in past years. Semantic segmentation, as an extension of classifications, has also received great attention recently. Recent work shows a large number of attack iterations are required to create effective adversarial examples to fool segmentation models. The observation makes both robustness evaluation and adversarial training on segmentation models challenging. In this work, we propose an effective and efficient segmentation attack method, dubbed SegPGD. Besides, we provide a convergence analysis to show the proposed SegPGD can create more effective adversarial examples than PGD under the same number of attack iterations. Furthermore, we propose to apply our SegPGD as the underlying attack method for segmentation adversarial training. Since SegPGD can create more effective adversarial examples, the adversarial training with our SegPGD can boost the robustness of segmentation models. Our proposals are also verified with experiments on popular Segmentation model architectures and standard segmentation datasets.
Half-integer Shapiro steps in highly transmissive InSb nanoflag Josephson junctions
Creators: name: Iorio, Andrea
name: Crippa, Alessandro
name: Turini, Bianca
name: Salimian, Sedighe
name: Carrega, Matteo
name: Chirolli, Luca
name: Zannier, Valentina
name: Sorba, Lucia
name: Strambini, Elia
name: Giazotto, Francesco
name: Heun, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a ballistic InSb nanoflag-based Josephson junction with Nb superconducting contacts. The high transparency of the superconductor-semiconductor interfaces enables the exploration of quantum transport with parallel short and long conducting channels. Under microwave irradiation, we observe half-integer Shapiro steps that are robust to temperature, suggesting their possible non-equilibrium origin. Our results demonstrate the potential of ballistic InSb nanoflags Josephson junctions as a valuable platform for understanding the physics of hybrid devices and investigating their non-equilibrium dynamics.
description: 37 pages, 14 figures
LAMDA-SSL: Semi-Supervised Learning in Python
Creators: name: Jia, Lin-Han
name: Guo, Lan-Zhe
name: Zhou, Zhi
name: Li, Yu-Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: LAMDA-SSL is open-sourced on GitHub and its detailed usage documentation is available at https://ygzwqzd.github.io/LAMDA-SSL/. This documentation introduces LAMDA-SSL in detail from various aspects and can be divided into four parts. The first part introduces the design idea, features and functions of LAMDA-SSL. The second part shows the usage of LAMDA-SSL by abundant examples in detail. The third part introduces all algorithms implemented by LAMDA-SSL to help users quickly understand and choose SSL algorithms. The fourth part shows the APIs of LAMDA-SSL. This detailed documentation greatly reduces the cost of familiarizing users with LAMDA-SSL toolkit and SSL algorithms.
The Australian Science Education Project : a study of factors affecting its adoption and implementation in schools
Creators: name: Owen, John Maxwell
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Topologically slice knots that are not smoothly slice in any definite 4-manifold
Creators: name: Sato, Kouki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M25, 57M27

description: We prove that there exist infinitely many topologically slice knots which cannot bound a smooth null-homologous disk in any definite 4-manifold. Furthermore, we show that we can take such knots so that they are linearly independent in the the knot concordance group.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Individual Claims Reserving using Activation Patterns
Creators: name: Michaelides, Marie
name: Pigeon, Mathieu
name: Cossette, Hélène
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Finance (q-fin.MF)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The occurrence of a claim often impacts not one but multiple insurance coverages provided in the contract. To account for this multivariate feature, we propose a new individual claims reserving model built around the activation of the different coverages to predict the reserve amounts. Using the framework of multinomial logistic regression, we model the activation of the different insurance coverages for each claim and their development in the following years, i.e. the activation of other coverages in the later years and all the possible payments that might result from them. As such, the model allows us to complete the individual development of the open claims in the portfolio. Using a recent automobile dataset from a major Canadian insurance company, we demonstrate that this approach generates accurate predictions of the total reserves as well as of the reserves per insurance coverage. This allows the insurer to get better insights in the dynamics of his claims reserves.
description: European Actuarial Journal (2023)
Bosonization and Mirror Symmetry
Creators: name: Kachru, Shamit
name: Mulligan, Michael
name: Torroba, Gonzalo
name: Wang, Huajia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study bosonization in 2+1 dimensions using mirror symmetry, a duality that relates pairs of supersymmetric theories. Upon breaking supersymmetry in a controlled way, we dynamically obtain the bosonization duality that equates the theory of a free Dirac fermion to QED3 with a single scalar boson. This duality may be used to demonstrate the bosonization duality relating an $O(2)$-symmetric Wilson-Fisher fixed point to QED3 with a single Dirac fermion, Peskin-Dasgupta-Halperin duality, and the recently conjectured duality relating the theory of a free Dirac fermion to fermionic QED3 with a single flavor. Chern-Simons and BF couplings for both dynamical and background gauge fields play a central role in our approach. In the course of our study, we describe a chiral mirror pair that may be viewed as the minimal supersymmetric generalization of the two bosonization dualities.
description: 24 pages, 2 figures, 1 appendix
Search for excited $τ$-leptons and leptoquarks in the final state with $τ$-leptons and jets in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search is reported for excited $τ$-leptons and leptoquarks in events with two hadronically decaying $τ$-leptons and two or more jets. The search uses proton-proton (pp) collision data at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV recorded by the ATLAS experiment during the Run 2 of the Large Hadron Collider in 2015-2018. The total integrated luminosity is 139 fb$^{-1}$. The excited $τ$-lepton is assumed to be produced and to decay via a four-fermion contact interaction into an ordinary $τ$-lepton and a quark-antiquark pair. The leptoquarks are assumed to be produced in pairs via the strong interaction, and each leptoquark is assumed to couple to a charm or lighter quark and a $τ$-lepton. No excess over the background prediction is observed. Excited $τ$-leptons with masses below 2.8 TeV are excluded at 95% CL in scenarios with the contact interaction scale $Λ$ set to 10 TeV. At the extreme limit of model validity where $Λ$ is set equal to the excited $τ$-lepton mass, excited $τ$-leptons with masses below 4.6 TeV are excluded. Leptoquarks with masses below 1.3 TeV are excluded at 95% CL if their branching ratio to a charm quark and a $τ$-lepton equals 1. The analysis does not exploit flavour-tagging in the signal region.
description: 43 pages in total, author list starting page 26, 8 figures, 2 tables, published in JHEP. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/EXOT-2020-18/
Heliocentric Distance Dependence of Zodiacal Light Observed by Hayabusa2#
Creators: name: Tsumura, Kohji
name: Matsuura, Shuji
name: Sano, Kei
name: Iwata, Takahiro
name: Yano, Hajime
name: Kitazato, Kohei
name: Takimoto, Kohji
name: Yamada, Manabu
name: Morota, Tomokatsu
name: Kouyama, Toru
name: Hayakawa, Masahiko
name: Yokota, Yasuhiro
name: Tatsumi, Eri
name: Matsuoka, Moe
name: Sakatani, Naoya
name: Honda, Rie
name: Kameda, Shingo
name: Suzuki, Hidehiko
name: Cho, Yuichiro
name: Yoshioka, Kazuo
name: Ogawa, Kazunori
name: Shirai, Kei
name: Sawada, Hirotaka
name: Sugita, Seiji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Zodiacal light (ZL) is sunlight scattered by interplanetary dust particles (IDPs) at optical wavelengths. The spatial distribution of IDPs in the Solar System may hold an important key to understanding the evolution of the Solar System and material transportation within it. The number density of IDPs can be expressed as $n(r) \sim r^{-α}$, and the exponent $α\sim 1.3$ was obtained by previous observations from interplanetary space by Helios 1/2 and Pioneer 10/11 in the 1970s and 1980s. However, no direct measurements of $α$ based on ZL observations from interplanetary space outside Earth's orbit have been performed since then. Here, we introduce initial results for the radial profile of the ZL at optical wavelengths observed over the range 0.76-1.06 au by ONC-T aboard the Hayabusa2# mission in 2021-2022. The ZL brightness we obtained is well reproduced by a model brightness, although there is a small excess of the observed ZL brightness over the model brightness at around 0.9 au. The radial power-law index we obtained is $α= 1.30 \pm 0.08$, which is consistent with previous results based on ZL observations. The dominant source of uncertainty arises from the uncertainty in estimating the diffuse Galactic light (DGL).
description: 22 pages, 19 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication by Earth, Planets and Space
Breakdown of the equivalence between active gravitational mass and energy for a quantum body
Creators: name: Lebed, Andrei G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine active gravitational mass operator of the simplest composite quantum body - a hydrogen atom - within the semiclassical approach to the Einstein equation for a gravitational field. We show that the expectation value of the mass is equivalent to energy for stationary quantum states. On the other hand, it occurs that, for quantum superpositions of stationary states with constant expectation values of energy, the expectation values of the gravitational mass exhibit time-dependent oscillations. This breaks the equivalence between active gravitational mass and energy and can be observed as a macroscopic effect for a macroscopic ensemble of coherent quantum states of the atoms. The corresponding experiment could be the first direct observation of quantum effects in General Relativity.
description: 4 pages
A fiber-integrated quantum memory for telecom light
Creators: name: Bonsma-Fisher, K. A. G.
name: Hnatovsky, C.
name: Grobnic, D.
name: Mihailov, S. J.
name: Bustard, P. J.
name: England, D. G.
name: Sussman, B. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the storage and on-demand retrieval of single-photon-level telecom pulses in a fiber cavity. The cavity is formed by fiber Bragg gratings at either end of a single-mode fiber. Photons are mapped into, and out of, the cavity using quantum frequency conversion driven by intense control pulses. In a first, spliced-fiber, cavity we demonstrate storage up to 0.55$μ$s (11 cavity round trips), with $11.3 \pm 0.1$% total memory efficiency, and a signal-to-noise ratio of $12.8$ after 1 round trip. In a second, monolithic cavity, we increase this lifetime to 1.75$μ$s (35 round trips) with a memory efficiency of $12.7 \pm 0.2%$ (SNR of $7.0 \pm 0.2$) after 1 round trip. Fiber-based cavities for quantum storage at telecom wavelengths offer a promising route to synchronizing spontaneous photon generation events and building scalable quantum networks.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Multidisciplinary learning through collective performance favors decentralization
Creators: name: Meluso, John
name: Hébert-Dufresne, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many models of learning in teams assume that team members can share solutions or learn concurrently. However, these assumptions break down in multidisciplinary teams where team members often complete distinct, interrelated pieces of larger tasks. Such contexts make it difficult for individuals to separate the performance effects of their own actions from the actions of interacting neighbors. In this work, we show that individuals can overcome this challenge by learning from network neighbors through mediating artifacts (like collective performance assessments). When neighbors' actions influence collective outcomes, teams with different networks perform relatively similarly to one another. However, varying a team's network can affect performance on tasks that weight individuals' contributions by network properties. Consequently, when individuals innovate (through ``exploring'' searches), dense networks hurt performance slightly by increasing uncertainty. In contrast, dense networks moderately help performance when individuals refine their work (through ``exploiting'' searches) by efficiently finding local optima. We also find that decentralization improves team performance across a battery of 34 tasks. Our results offer design principles for multidisciplinary teams within which other forms of learning prove more difficult.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures. For SI Appendix, see Ancillary files. For accompanying code, see https://github.com/meluso/multi-disciplinary-learning. For accompanying data, see https://osf.io/kyvtd/
Electronic Supplementary Material from Improving the thermal resistance of fluorescent CsPb(Br,I)3 perovskite quantum dots by surface modification with perfluorodecanoic acid
Creators: name: Iso, Yoshiki
name: Eri, Momoko
name: Hiroyoshi, Risako
name: Kano, Kensho
name: Isobe, Tetsuhiko
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30399 Macromolecular and Materials Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: 100799 Nanotechnology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology

description: Figs. S1-S12
Grassmann phase-space methods for fermions: uncovering classical probability structure
Creators: name: Polyakov, Evgeny A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phase-space description of bosonic quantum systems has numerous applications in such fields as quantum optics, trapped ultracold atoms, and transport phenomena. Extension of this description to the case of fermionic systems leads to formal Grassmann phase-space quasiprobability distributions and master equations. The latter are usually considered as not possessing probabillistic interpretation and as not directly computationally accessible. Here, we describe how to construct $c$-number interpretations of Grassmann phase space representations and their master equations. As a specific example, the Grassmann $B$ representation is considered. We disscuss how to introduce $c$-number probability distributions on Grassmann algebra and how to integrate them. A measure of size and proximity is defined for Grassmann numbers, and the Grassmann derivatives are introduced which are based on infinitesimal variations of function arguments. An example of $c$-number interpretation of formal Grassmann equations is presented.
description: Latex2e <2016/03/31> patch level 2, 8 pages, to be published in Physical Review A
Making Trotterization adaptive and energy-self-correcting for NISQ devices and beyond
Creators: name: Zhao, Hongzheng
name: Bukov, Marin
name: Heyl, Markus
name: Moessner, Roderich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Simulation of continuous time evolution requires time discretization on both classical and quantum computers. A finer time step improves simulation precision, but it inevitably leads to increased computational efforts. This is particularly costly for today's noisy intermediate scale quantum computers, where notable gate imperfections limit the circuit depth that can be executed at a given accuracy. Classical adaptive solvers are well-developed to save numerical computation times. However, it remains an outstanding challenge to make optimal usage of the available quantum resources by means of adaptive time steps. Here, we introduce a quantum algorithm to solve this problem, providing a controlled solution of the quantum many-body dynamics of local observables. The key conceptual element of our algorithm is a feedback loop which self-corrects the simulation errors by adapting time steps, thereby significantly outperforming conventional Trotter schemes on a fundamental level and reducing the circuit depth. It even allows for a controlled asymptotic long-time error, where usual Trotterized dynamics is facing difficulties. Another key advantage of our quantum algorithm is that any desired conservation law can be included in the self-correcting feedback loop, which has potentially a wide range of applicability. We demonstrate the capabilities by enforcing gauge invariance which is crucial for a faithful and long-sought quantum simulation of lattice gauge theories. Our algorithm can be potentially useful on a more general level whenever time discretization is involved concerning, for instance, also numerical approaches based on time-evolving block decimation methods.
description: 10+15 pages, 4+19 figures
Young people at risk, empowerment and the development of a researcher's perspective
Creators: name: O'Dowd, Mary F.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Roteiro de simulação realística de um caso clínico em saúde mental para uso no internato médico
Creators: name: Horn, Lisete
name: Vieira, Camilia Mugnai
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: educação médica; treinamento por simulação; saúde mental; internato e residência

description: Roteiro de simulação realística de um caso clínico em saúde mental para uso no internato médico.
First detection of gas-phase methanol in a protoplanetary disk
Creators: name: Walsh, Catherine
name: Loomis, Ryan A.
name: Oberg, Karin I.
name: Kama, Mihkel
name: Hoff, Merel L. R. van 't
name: Millar, Tom J.
name: Aikawa, Yuri
name: Herbst, Eric
name: Weaver, Susanna L. Widicus
name: Nomura, Hideko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first detection of gas-phase methanol in a protoplanetary disk (TW Hya) is presented. In addition to being one of the largest molecules detected in disks to date, methanol is also the first disk organic molecule with an unambiguous ice chemistry origin. The stacked methanol emission, as observed with ALMA, is spectrally resolved and detected across six velocity channels ($>3 σ$), reaching a peak signal-to-noise of $5.5σ$, with the kinematic pattern expected for TW~Hya. Using an appropriate disk model, a fractional abundance of $3\times 10^{-12} - 4 \times 10^{-11}$ (with respect to H$_2$) reproduces the stacked line profile and channel maps, with the favoured abundance dependent upon the assumed vertical location (midplane versus molecular layer). The peak emission is offset from the source position suggesting that the methanol emission has a ring-like morphology: the analysis here suggests it peaks at $\approx 30$~AU reaching a column density $\approx 3-6\times10^{12}$~cm$^{-2}$. In the case of TW Hya, the larger (up to mm-sized) grains, residing in the inner 50~AU, may thus host the bulk of the disk ice reservoir. The successful detection of cold gas-phase methanol in a protoplanetary disk implies that the products of ice chemistry can be explored in disks, opening a window to studying complex organic chemistry during planetary system formation.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, published online in ApJL on 13th May 2016
Group devised theatre: a theoretical and practical examination of devising processes
Creators: name: Parsons, Rosemary Frances
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: This non-traditional thesis explores the practical and theoretical processes of group-devised theatre. The research informing this thesis is derived from two interrelated components - a practical project in group devising, and a theoretical study of alternative theatre, devising methodologies, and performance theory. -- Chapter One defines "devising" before tracing its origins through the development of experimental practices from the historical avant-garde to the present day. These practices include radical disruptions to discursive language and structure, increased multimedia, reconsiderations of the performer's function and the use of improvisation. This genealogy is argued to be a "literature of practice" capable of informing contemporary devising projects, as well as helping to establish the position of devising within contemporary performance theory. -- Chapter Two examines how creative collaborators begin to form and function as a devising group, a period I theoretically term "pre-devising". By examining the experiences of my group, gaps in devising literature concerning group formation and composition are identified, complemented by an investigation into the role of theatre games in building ensemble. -- Chapter Three draws upon the genealogy of devising, devising literature and performance theory to interrogate the process of devising our production, This Is Not An Exit. The theoretical and practical problems of our methods are explored. These methods include organising the group as an artistic democracy, developing naturalistic characters, and establishing a "postmodern aesthetic". By analysing our experiences, this chapter attempts to illustrate the complex tangle of influences informing contemporary performance practitioners, and highlight areas ripe for future critical research.
Open Access Berlin: Einblick und Ausblick
Creators: name: Kindling, Maxi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Open Access
Open Science
Berlin
Open Access Strategy
Open Science Strategy
Abgeordnetenhaus

description: Präsentation zur Anhörung bei der 48. Sitzung des Ausschusses für Wissenschaft und Forschung im Berliner Abgeordnetenhaus
Spontaneous vacuum decay in low-energy collisions of heavy nuclei beyond the monopole approximation
Creators: name: V., Popov R.
name: M., Shabaev V.
name: A., Maltsev I.
name: A., Telnov D.
name: K., Dulaev N.
name: A, Tumakov D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of spontaneous vacuum decay in low-energy collisions of heavy nuclei is considered beyond the scope of the monopole approximation. The time-dependent Dirac equation is solved in a rotating coordinate system with $z$-axis directed along the internuclear line and the origin placed at the center of mass. The probabilities of electron-positron pair creation and the positron energy spectra are calculated in the approximation neglecting the rotational coupling. The two-center potential is expanded over spherical harmonics and the convergence with respect to the number of terms in this expansion is studied. The results show that taking into account the two-center potential instead of its spherically symmetric part preserves all the signatures of the transition to the supercritical regime that have been found in the framework of the monopole approximation and even enhances some of them.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Voltage control of frequency, effective damping and threshold current in nano-constriction-based spin Hall nano-oscillators
Creators: name: González, Victor H.
name: Khymyn, Roman
name: Fulara, Himanshu
name: Awad, Ahmad A.
name: Åkerman, Johan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using micromagnetic simulations, we study the interplay between strongly voltage-controlled magnetic anisotropy (VCMA), $ΔK = \pm$200 kJ/m$^3$, and gate width, $w=$ 10--400 nm, in voltage-gated W/CoFeB/MgO based nano-constriction spin Hall nano-oscillators. The VCMA modifies the local magnetic properties such that the magnetodynamics transitions between regimes of \emph{i}) confinement, \emph{ii}) tuning, and \emph{iii}) separation, with qualitatively different behavior. We find that the strongest tuning is achieved for gate widths of the same size as the the constriction width, for which the effective damping can be increased an order of magnitude compared to its intrinsic value. As a consequence, voltage control remains efficient over a very large frequency range, and subsequent manufacturing advances could allow SHNOs to be easily integrated into next-generation electronics for further fundamental studies and industrial applications.
The effects of individual metal contents on isochrones for C, N, O, Na, Mg, Al, Si, and Fe
Creators: name: Beom, Minje
name: Na, Chongsam
name: Ferguson, Jason W.
name: Kim, Y. -C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The individual characteristics of C, N, O, Na, Mg, Al, Si, and Fe on isochrones have been investigated in this study. Stellar models have been constructed for various mixtures in which the content of each element is changed up to the extreme value reported in recent studies, and the changes in isochrone shape have been analyzed for the various mixtures. To express the abundance variation of different elements with a single parameter, we have focused on the relative changes in the total number of metal ions. A review of the shape changes revealed that Na, Mg, and Al work the same way in stellar models, as the well-known fact that C, N, and O have the same reactions in the stellar interior. In addition, it was found that in high-metallicity conditions the influence of Si and Fe on the red giant branch becomes smaller than that of Na, Mg, and Al closer to the tip. Furthermore, the influence of Fe on the main sequence is larger than that of Na, Mg, Al, and even Si.
description: published in ApJ (Aug 1. 2016) / accepted for publication in ApJ (May 25. 2016) / 11 pages, 9 figures, 5 tables / ads address: http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016ApJ...826..155B
Exploring the learning experience in a first year biology laboratory
Creators: name: Brew, Christine
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Spatial-chirp Codebook-based Hierarchical Beam Training for Extremely Large-Scale Massive MIMO
Creators: name: Shi, Xu
name: Wang, Jintao
name: Sun, Zhi
name: Song, Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) promises to provide ultrahigh data rates in millimeter-wave (mmWave) and Terahertz (THz) spectrum. However, the spherical-wavefront wireless transmission caused by large aperture array presents huge challenges for channel state information (CSI) acquisition and beamforming. Two independent parameters (physical angles and transmission distance) should be simultaneously considered in XL-MIMO beamforming, which brings severe overhead consumption and beamforming degradation. To address this problem, we exploit the near-field channel characteristic and propose two low-overhead hierarchical beam training schemes for near-field XL-MIMO system. Firstly, we project near-field channel into spatial-angular domain and slope-intercept domain to capture detailed representations. Then we point out three critical criteria for XL-MIMO hierarchical beam training. Secondly, a novel spatial-chirp beam-aided codebook and corresponding hierarchical update policy are proposed. Thirdly, given the imperfect coverage and overlapping of spatial-chirp beams, we further design an enhanced hierarchical training codebook via manifold optimization and alternative minimization. Theoretical analyses and numerical simulations are also displayed to verify the superior performances on beamforming and training overhead.
description: accepted by IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications (TWC). DOI: 10.1109/TWC.2023.3303229
Dynamical normal modes for time-dependent Hamiltonians in two dimensions
Creators: name: Lizuain, I.
name: Palmero, M.
name: Muga, J. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the theory of time-dependent point transformations to find independent dynamical normal modes for 2D systems subjected to time-dependent control in the limit of small oscillations. The condition that determines if the independent modes can indeed be defined is identified, and a geometrical analogy is put forward. The results explain and unify recent work to design fast operations on trapped ions, needed to implement a scalable quantum-information architecture: transport, expansions, and the separation of two ions, two-ion phase gates, as well as the rotation of an anisotropic trap for an ion are treated and shown to be analogous to a mechanical system of two masses connected by springs with time dependent stiffness.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
New telescope designs suitable for massively-multiplexed spectroscopy
Creators: name: Pasquini, L.
name: Delabre, B.
name: Ellis, R.
name: de Zeeuw, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present two novel designs for a telescope suitable for massively-multiplexed spectroscopy. The first is a very wide field Cassegrain telescope optimised for fibre feeding. It provides a Field Of View (FOV) of 2.5 degrees diameter with a 10m primary mirror. It is telecentric and works at F/3, optimal for fibre injection. As an option, a gravity invariant focus for the central 10 arc-minutes can be added, to host, for instance, a giant integral field unit (IFU). It has acceptable performance in the 360-1300 nm wavelength range. The second concept is an innovative five mirror telescope design based on a Three Mirror Anastigmatic (TMA) concept. The design provides a large FOV in a convenient, gravity- invariant focal plane, and is scalable to a range of telescope diameters. As specific example, we present a 10m telescope with a 1.5 degree diameter FOV and a relay system that allows simultaneous spectroscopy with 10,000 mini-IFUs over a square degree, or, alternatively a 17.5 square arcminutes giant IFU, by using 240 MUSE-type spectrographs. We stress the importance of developing the telescope and instrument designs for both cases.
description: 10 pages, in press in Proceedings of the SPIE 2016
Phenomenological Implications of the $p_T$ Spectra of $ϕ$ and $Ω$ produced at LHC and RHIC
Creators: name: Hwa, Rudolph C.
name: Zhu, Lilin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The data on the $p_T$ spectra of $ϕ$ and $Ω$ at LHC can be presented in a format that shows exponential behavior up to $p_T\approx 6$ GeV/c with the same slope for both particles and for nearly all centralities. They are empirical properties that are shared at lower energies with the inverse slope showing a power-law dependence on $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$. The shared properties of the spectra are shown to emerge naturally from the recombination model. No flow is needed. We find experimental hints for the possibility that $ϕ$ and $Ω$ are mostly produced in the ridge that are generated by minijets. Appropriate experimental test is suggested.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, talk presented at Strangeness in Quark Matter, Berkeley, June 2016
The role of metacognition in children's mathematical problem solving : an exploratory study
Creators: name: Siemon, Dianne E.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the Reference field.
Quantum density matrix theory for a laser without adiabatic elimination of the population inversion: transition to lasing in the class-B limit
Creators: name: Yacomotti, Alejandro M.
name: Denis, Zakari
name: Biella, Alberto
name: Ciuti, Cristiano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite the enormous technological interest in micro and nanolasers, surprisingly, no class-B quantum density-matrix model is available to date, capable of accurately describing coherence and photon correlations within a unified theory. In class-B lasers $-$applicable for most solid-state lasers at room temperature$-$, the macroscopic polarization decay rate is larger than the cavity damping rate which, in turn, exceeds the upper level population decay rate. Here we carry out a density-matrix theoretical approach for generic class-B lasers, and provide closed equations for the photonic and atomic reduced density matrix in the Fock basis of photons. Such a relatively simple model can be numerically integrated in a straightforward way, and exhibits all the expected phenomena, from one-atom photon antibunching, to the well-known S-shaped input-output laser emission and super-Poissonian autocorrelation for many atoms ($1\leq g^{(2)}(0)\leq 2$), and from few photons (large spontaneous emission factors, $β\sim1$) to the thermodynamic limit ($N\gg1$ and $β\sim 0$). Based on the analysis of $g^{(2)}(τ)$, we conclude that super-Poissonian fluctuations are clearly related to relaxation oscillations in the photon number. We predict a strong damping of relaxation oscillations with an atom number as small as $N\sim 10$. This model enables the study of few-photon bifurcations and non-classical photon correlations in class-B laser devices, also leveraging quantum descriptions of coherently coupled nanolaser arrays.
description: 23 pages, 6 figures
Photometric properties of intermediate redshift Type Ia Supernovae observed by SDSS-II Supernova Survey
Creators: name: Takanashi, Naohiro
name: Doi, Mamoru
name: Yasuda, Naoki
name: Kuncarayakti, Hanindyo
name: Konishi, Kohki
name: Schneider, Donald P.
name: Cinabro, David
name: Marriner, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have analyzed multi-band light curves of 328 intermediate redshift (0.05 <= z < 0.24) type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) observed by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey-II Supernova Survey (SDSS-II SN Survey). The multi-band light curves were parameterized by using the Multi-band Stretch Method, which can simply parameterize light curve shapes and peak brightness without dust extinction models. We found that most of the SNe Ia which appeared in red host galaxies (u - r > 2.5) don't have a broad light curve width and the SNe Ia which appeared in blue host galaxies (u - r < 2.0) have a variety of light curve widths. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test shows that the colour distribution of SNe Ia appeared in red / blue host galaxies is different (significance level of 99.9%). We also investigate the extinction law of host galaxy dust. As a result, we find the value of Rv derived from SNe Ia with medium light curve width is consistent with the standard Galactic value. On the other hand, the value of Rv derived from SNe Ia that appeared in red host galaxies becomes significantly smaller. These results indicate that there may be two types of SNe Ia with different intrinsic colours, and they are obscured by host galaxy dust with two different properties.
description: 21 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
High contrast imaging of exoplanets on ELTs using a super-Nyquist wavefront control scheme
Creators: name: Gerard, Benjamin L.
name: Marois, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the key science goals for extremely large telescopes (ELTs) is the detailed characterization of already known directly imaged exoplanets. The typical adaptive optics (AO) Nyquist control region for ELTs is ~0.4 arcseconds, placing many already known directly imaged planets outside the DM control region and not allowing any standard wavefront control scheme to remove speckles that would allow higher SNR images/spectra to be acquired. This can be fixed with super-Nyquist wavefront control (SNWFC), using a sine wave phase plate to allow for wavefront control outside the central DM Nyquist region. We demonstrate that SNWFC is feasible through a simple, deterministic, non-coronagraphic, super-Nyquist speckle nulling technique in the adaptive optics laboratory at the National Research Council of Canada. We also present results in simulation of how SNWFC using the self coherent camera (SCC) can be used for high contrast imaging. This technique could be implemented on future high contrast imaging instruments to improve contrast outside the standard central dark hole for higher SNR characterization of exoplanets.
Evidence of linear and cubic Rashba effect in non-magnetic heterostructure
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Sanchari
name: Datta, Sanjoy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The LaAlO3/KTaO3 system serves as a prototype to study the electronic properties that emerge as a result of spin-orbit coupling. In this article, we have used first-principles calculations to systematically study two types of defect-free (0 0 1) interfaces, which are termed as Type-I and Type-II. While the Type-I heterostructure produces a two-dimensional electron gas, the Type-II heterostructure hosts an oxygen-rich two-dimensional hole gas at the interface. Furthermore, in the presence of intrinsic spin-orbit coupling, we have found evidence of both cubic and linear Rashba interactions in the conduction bands of the Type-I heterostructure. On the contrary, there is spin-splitting of both the valence and the conduction bands in the Type-II interface, which are found to be only linear Rashba type. Interestingly, the Type-II interface also harbours a potential photocurrent transition path, making it an excellent platform to study the circularly polarized photogalvanic effect.
Holographic Renyi entropies from hyperbolic black holes with scalar hair
Creators: name: Bai, Xiaoxuan
name: Ren, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Renyi entropies as a generalization of the entanglement entropy imply much more information. We analytically calculate the Renyi entropies (with a spherical entangling surface) by means of a class of neutral hyperbolic black holes with scalar hair as a one-parameter generalization of the MTZ black hole. The zeroth-order and third-order phase transitions of black holes lead to discontinuity of the Renyi entropies and their second derivatives, respectively. From the Renyi entropies that are analytic at $n=\infty$, we can express the entanglement spectrum as an infinite sum in terms of the Bell polynomials. We show that the analytic treatment is in agreement with numerical calculations for the low-lying entanglement spectrum in a wide range of parameters.
description: 30 pages, 5 figures; v2: improved, published version; v3: typos corrected
Uncommon common schools : an analysis of the Common Schools Act of 1862 and its social context
Creators: name: Pawsey, Margaret M.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the Reference field.
A resolved map of the infrared excess in a Lyman Break Galaxy at z=3
Creators: name: Koprowski, M. P.
name: Coppin, K. E. K.
name: Geach, J. E.
name: Hine, N. K.
name: Bremer, M.
name: Chapman, S. C.
name: Davies, L. J. M.
name: Hayashino, T.
name: Knudsen, K. K.
name: Kubo, M.
name: Lehmer, B. D.
name: Matsuda, Y.
name: Smith, D. J. B.
name: van der Werf, P. P.
name: Violino, G.
name: Yamada, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have observed the dust continuum of ten z=3.1 Lyman Break Galaxies with the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array at ~450 mas resolution in Band 7. We detect and resolve the 870um emission in one of the targets with an integrated flux density of S(870)=(192+/-57) uJy, and measure a stacked 3-sigma signal of S(870)=(67+/-23) uJy for the remaining nine. The total infrared luminosities estimated from full spectral energy distribution fits are L(8-1000um)=(8.4+/-2.3)x10^10 Lsun for the detection and L(8-1000um)=(2.9+/-0.9)x10^10 Lsun for the stack. With HST ACS I-band imaging we map the rest-frame UV emission on the same scale as the dust, effectively resolving the 'infrared excess' (IRX=L_FIR/L_UV) in a normal galaxy at z=3. Integrated over the galaxy we measure IRX=0.56+/-0.15, and the galaxy-averaged UV slope is beta=-1.25+/-0.03. This puts the galaxy a factor of ~10 below the IRX-beta relation for local starburst nuclei of Meurer et al. (1999). However, IRX varies by more than a factor of 3 across the galaxy, and we conclude that the complex relative morphology of the dust relative to UV emission is largely responsible for the scatter in the IRX-beta relation at high-z. A naive application of a Meurer-like dust correction based on the UV slope would dramatically over-estimate the total star formation rate, and our results support growing evidence that when integrated over the galaxy, the typical conditions in high-z star-forming galaxies are not analogous to those in the local starburst nuclei used to establish the Meurer relation.
description: Accepted in The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Phoretic flow induced by asymmetric confinement
Creators: name: Lisicki, Maciej
name: Michelin, Sebastien
name: Lauga, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Internal phoretic flows due to the interactions of solid boundaries with local chemical gradients may be created using chemical patterning. Alternatively, we demonstrate here that internal flows might also be induced by geometric asymmetries of chemically-homogeneous surfaces. We characterise the circulatory flow created in a cavity enclosed between two eccentric cylindrical walls of uniform chemical activity. Local gradients of the diffusing solute induce a slip flow along the surface of the cylinders, leading to a circulatory bulk flow pattern which can be solved analytically in the diffusive limit. The flow strength can be controlled by adjusting the relative positions of the cylinders and an optimal configuration is identified. These results provide a model system for tunable phoretic pumps.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, to appear in J. Fluid Mech