cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The error budget of the Dark Flow measurement
Creators: name: Atrio-Barandela, F.
name: Kashlinsky, A.
name: Ebeling, H.
name: Kocevski, D.
name: Edge, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the uncertainties and possible systematics associated with the "Dark Flow" measurements using the cumulative Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect combined with all-sky catalogs of clusters of galaxies. Filtering of all-sky cosmic microwave background (CMB) maps is required to remove the intrinsic cosmological signal down to the limit imposed by cosmic variance. Contributions to the errors come from the remaining cosmological signal, that integrates down with the number of clusters, and the instrumental noise, that scales with the number of pixels; the latter decreases with integration time and is subdominant for the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe 5-year data. It is proven both analytically and numerically that the errors for 5-year WMAP data are $\simeq 15\sqrt{3/N_{\rm clusters}} μ$K per dipole component. The measured bulk flow velocity is significant at up to the $>99.95%$ confidence level, depending on the cluster sample. We discuss different methods to compute error bars and demonstrate that they have biases that would overpredict the errors, as is the case in a recent reanalysis of our earlier results. If the signal is caused by systematic effects present in the data, such systematics must have a dipole pattern, which correlates with cluster X-ray luminosity and is present only at cluster positions. Only contributions from the Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect could provide such contaminants via several potential effects. We discuss such candidates apart from the bulk-motion of the cluster samples and demonstrate that their contributions to our measurements are negligible. (abridged)
description: ApJ, in press
Towards a Reference Architecture for Future Industrial Internet of Things Networks
Creators: name: Martin, Dominik
name: Kühl, Niklas
name: Schwenk, Marcel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the continuing decrease of sensor technology prices as well as the increase of communication and analytical capabilities of modern internet of things devices, the continuously generated amount of data is constantly growing. Various use cases show the untapped potential of this data for new business models. However, conventional industrial IT networks of traditional manufacturing companies can hardly meet the modern requirements emerging with today's and future industrial internet of things applications. Outdated and rigid network infrastructures are one of the main reasons for hesitant innovation efforts and cross-organizational collaborations as well as the slow adoption of modern business models by traditional manufacturing companies. Following the design science research paradigm, our work contributes by elaborating on a comprehensive list of requirements for future industrial internet of things networks from a theoretical and practical perspective as well as a proposed reference architecture acting as a blueprint for future implementations.
A renewal approach to configurational entropy in one dimension
Creators: name: Krapivsky, P. L.
name: Luck, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a novel approach, inspired from the theory of renewal processes, to determine the configurational entropy of ensembles of constrained configurations of particles on the one-dimensional lattice. The proposed method can deal with all local rules involving only the lengths of clusters of occupied and empty sites. Within this scope, this method is both more systematic and easier to implement than the transfer-matrix approach. It is illustrated in detail on the $k$-mer deposition model and on ensembles of trapped Rydberg atoms with blockade range $b$.
description: 29 pages, 8 figures, 1 table
ESM figures and text from Cuticular reticulation replicates the pattern of epidermal cells in lowermost Cambrian scalidophoran worms
Creators: name: Wang, Deng
name: Vannier, Jean
name: Yang, Xiao-guang
name: Sun, Jie
name: Sun, Yi-fei
name: Hao, Wen-jing
name: Tang, Qing-qin
name: Liu, Ping
name: Han, Jian
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020

description: Reticulation in other ecdysozoan groups and their possible function. Figure S1. Reticulation on the cuticle of fossil palaeoscolecids from early Cambrian Chengjiang biota, south China. Figure S2. Reticulation on the cuticle of extant and fossil bivalved arthropods and lobopodians.
The $J$-matrix method
Creators: name: Ismail, Mourad E. H.
name: Koelink, Erik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Given an operator L acting on a function space, the J-matrix method consists of finding a sequence y_n of functions such that the operator L acts tridiagonally on y_n with respect to n. Once such a tridiagonalization is obtained, a number of characteristics of such an operator L can be obtained. In particular, information on eigenvalues and eigenfunctions, bound states, spectral decompositions, etc. can be obtained in this way. We review the general set-up, and we discuss two examples in detail; the Schrodinger operator with Morse potential and the Lame equation.
description: 18 pages, title changed, minor changes, to appear in Adv. Appl. Math
Experimental hierarchy of two-qubit quantum correlations without state tomography
Creators: name: Abo, Shilan
name: Soubusta, Jan
name: Jiráková, Kateřina
name: Bartkiewicz, Karol
name: Černoch, Antonín
name: Lemr, Karel
name: Miranowicz, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Werner state, which is the singlet Bell state affected by white noise, is a prototype example of states, which can reveal a hierarchy of quantum entanglement, steering, and Bell nonlocality by controlling the amount of noise. However, experimental demonstrations of this hierarchy in a sufficient and necessary way (i.e., by applying measures or universal witnesses of these quantum correlations) have been mainly based on full quantum state tomography, corresponding to measuring at least 15 real parameters of two-qubit states. Here we report an experimental demonstration of this hierarchy by measuring only six elements of a correlation matrix depending on linear combinations of two-qubit Stokes parameters. We show that our experimental setup can also reveal the hierarchy of these quantum correlations of generalized Werner states, which are any two-qubit pure states affected by white noise.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Defect flows in minimal models
Creators: name: Kormos, Márton
name: Runkel, Ingo
name: Watts, Gérard M. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study a simple example of a two-parameter space of renormalisation group flows of defects in Virasoro minimal models. We use a combination of exact results, perturbation theory and the truncated conformal space approach to search for fixed points and investigate their nature. For the Ising model, we confirm the recent results of Fendley et al. In the case of central charge close to one, we find six fixed points, five of which we can identify in terms of known defects and one of which we conjecture is a new non-trivial conformal defect. We also include several new results on exact properties of perturbed defects and on the renormalisation group in the truncated conformal space approach.
description: 35 pages, 21 figures. 1 reference added
Triplets of supermassive black holes: Astrophysics, Gravitational Waves and Detection
Creators: name: Amaro-Seoane, Pau
name: Sesana, Alberto
name: Hoffman, Loren
name: Benacquista, Matthew
name: Eichhorn, Christoph
name: Makino, Junichiro
name: Spurzem, Rainer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supermassive black holes (SMBHs) found in the centers of many galaxies have been recognized to play a fundamental active role in the cosmological structure formation process. In hierarchical formation scenarios, SMBHs are expected to form binaries following the merger of their host galaxies. If these binaries do not coalesce before the merger with a third galaxy, the formation of a black hole triple system is possible. Numerical simulations of the dynamics of triples within galaxy cores exhibit phases of very high eccentricity (as high as $e \sim 0.99$). During these phases, intense bursts of gravitational radiation can be emitted at orbital periapsis. This produces a gravitational wave signal at frequencies substantially higher than the orbital frequency. The likelihood of detection of these bursts with pulsar timing and the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna ({\it LISA}) is estimated using several population models of SMBHs with masses $\gtrsim 10^7 {\rm M_\odot}$. Assuming a fraction of binaries $\ge 0.1$ in triple system, we find that few to few dozens of these bursts will produce residuals $>1$ ns, within the sensitivity range of forthcoming pulsar timing arrays (PTAs). However, most of such bursts will be washed out in the underlying confusion noise produced by all the other 'standard' SMBH binaries emitting in the same frequency window. A detailed data analysis study would be required to assess resolvability of such sources. Implementing a basic resolvability criterion, we find that the chance of catching a resolvable burst at a one nanosecond precision level is 2-50%, depending on the adopted SMBH evolution model. On the other hand, the probability of detecting bursts produced by massive binaries (masses $\gtrsim 10^7\msun$) with {\it LISA} is negligible.
description: Accepted for publication by MNRAS, minor changes
Dark-state enhanced loading of an optical tweezer array
Creators: name: Shaw, Adam L.
name: Scholl, Pascal
name: Finklestein, Ran
name: Madjarov, Ivaylo S.
name: Grinkemeyer, Brandon
name: Endres, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutral atoms and molecules trapped in optical tweezers have become a prevalent resource for quantum simulation, computation, and metrology. However, the maximum achievable system sizes of such arrays are often limited by the stochastic nature of loading into optical tweezers, with a typical loading probability of only 50%. Here we present a species-agnostic method for dark-state enhanced loading (DSEL) based on real-time feedback, long-lived shelving states, and iterated array reloading. We demonstrate this technique with a 95-tweezer array of $^{88}$Sr atoms, achieving a maximum loading probability of 84.02(4)% and a maximum array size of 91 atoms in one dimension. Our protocol is complementary to, and compatible with, existing schemes for enhanced loading based on direct control over light-assisted collisions, and we predict it can enable close-to-unity filling for arrays of atoms or molecules.
Respiratory chain complex I dysfunction in tumorigenesis
Creators: name: Capristo, Mariantonietta <1981>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: BIO/10 Biochimica

description: Diseases due to mutations in mitochondrial DNA probably represent the most common form of metabolic disorders, including cancer, as highlighted in the last years. Approximately 300 mtDNA alterations have been identified as the genetic cause of mitochondrial diseases and one-third of these alterations are located in the coding genes for OXPHOS proteins. Despite progress in identification of their molecular mechanisms, little has been done with regard to the therapy. Recently, a particular gene therapy approach, namely allotopic expression, has been proposed and optimized, although the results obtained are rather controversial. In fact, this approach consists in synthesis of a wild-type version of mutated OXPHOS protein in the cytosolic compartment and in its import into mitochondria, but the available evidence is based only on the partial phenotype rescue and not on the demonstration of effective incorporation of the functional protein into respiratory complexes. In the present study, we took advantage of a previously analyzed cell model bearing the m.3571insC mutation in MTND1 gene for the ND1 subunit of respiratory chain complex I. This frame-shift mutation induces in fact translation of a truncated ND1 protein then degraded, causing complex I disassembly, and for this reason not in competition with that allotopically expressed. We show here that allotopic ND1 protein is correctly imported into mitochondria and incorporated in complex I, promoting its proper assembly and  rescue of its function. This result allowed us to further confirm what we have previously demonstrated about the role of complex I in tumorigenesis process. Injection of the allotopic clone in nude mice showed indeed that the rescue of complex I assembly and function increases tumor growth, inducing stabilization of HIF1α, the master regulator of tumoral progression, and consequently its downstream gene expression activation.
Molecular genetics of inherited cystic kidney diseases: new diagnostic approaches
Creators: name: Aquilano, Adelia <1986>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: MED/14 Nefrologia

description: Background. Hhereditary cystic kidney diseases are a heterogeneous spectrum of disorders leading to renal failure. Clinical features and family history can help to distinguish the recessive from dominant diseases but the differential diagnosis is difficult due the phenotypic overlap. The molecular diagnosis is often the only way to characterize the different forms. A conventional molecular screening is suitable for small genes but is expensive and time-consuming for large size genes. Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technologies enables massively parallel sequencing of nucleic acid fragments.
Purpose. The first purpose was to validate a diagnostic algorithm useful to drive the genetic screening. The second aim was to validate a NGS protocol of PKHD1 gene. 
Methods. DNAs from 50 patients were submitted to conventional screening of NPHP1, NPHP5, UMOD, REN and HNF1B genes. 5 patients with known mutations in PKHD1 were submitted to NGS to validate the new method and a not genotyped proband with his parents were analyzed for a diagnostic application.
Results. The conventional molecular screening detected 8 mutations: 1) the novel p.E48K of REN in a patient with cystic nephropathy, hyperuricemia, hyperkalemia and anemia; 2) p.R489X of NPHP5 in a patient with Senior Loken Syndrome; 3) pR295C of HNF1B in a patient with renal failure and diabetes.; 4) the NPHP1 deletion in 3 patients with medullar cysts; 5) the HNF1B deletion in a patient with medullar cysts and renal hypoplasia and in a diabetic patient with liver disease. 
The NGS of PKHD1 detected all known mutations and two additional variants during the validation. The diagnostic NGS analysis identified the patient’s compound heterozygosity with a maternal frameshift mutation and a paternal missense mutation besides a not transmitted paternal missense mutation.
Conclusions. The results confirm the validity of our diagnostic algorithm and suggest the possibility to introduce this NGS protocol to clinical practice.
Role of equilibrium fluctuations in light-induced order
Creators: name: Zong, Alfred
name: Dolgirev, Pavel E.
name: Kogar, Anshul
name: Su, Yifan
name: Shen, Xiaozhe
name: Straquadine, Joshua A. W.
name: Wang, Xirui
name: Luo, Duan
name: Kozina, Michael E.
name: Reid, Alexander H.
name: Li, Renkai
name: Yang, Jie
name: Weathersby, Stephen P.
name: Park, Suji
name: Sie, Edbert J.
name: Jarillo-Herrero, Pablo
name: Fisher, Ian R.
name: Wang, Xijie
name: Demler, Eugene
name: Gedik, Nuh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Engineering novel states of matter with light is at the forefront of materials research. An intensely studied direction is to realize broken-symmetry phases that are "hidden" under equilibrium conditions but can be unleashed by an ultrashort laser pulse. Despite a plethora of experimental discoveries, the nature of these orders and how they transiently appear remain unclear. To this end, we investigate a nonequilibrium charge density wave (CDW) in rare-earth tritellurides, which is suppressed in equilibrium but emerges after photoexcitation. Using a pump-pump-probe protocol implemented in ultrafast electron diffraction, we demonstrate that the light-induced CDW consists solely of order parameter fluctuations, which bear striking similarities to critical fluctuations in equilibrium despite differences in the length scale. By calculating the dynamics of CDW fluctuations in a nonperturbative model, we further show that the strength of the light-induced order is governed by the amplitude of equilibrium fluctuations. These findings highlight photoinduced fluctuations as an important ingredient for the emergence of transient orders out of equilibrium. Our results further suggest that materials with strong fluctuations in equilibrium are promising platforms to host "hidden" orders after laser excitation.
Towards a non-animal risk assessment for anti-androgenic effects in humans
Creators: name: Dent, Matthew
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2019

description: In recent years, concern has been raised over the possibility that
      substances in foods, consumer products and the environment are causing
      health effects in humans and the environment due to their ability to
      perturb endocrine signalling. Toxicological risk assessments therefore
      need to be protective for these modes of action. The accepted approach for
      assessing potential ‘endocrine disrupting chemicals’ (EDCs) involves the
      generation of laboratory animal data. The growing dissatisfaction of many
      scientists with the relevance of animal studies to the assessment of human
      risk and increasing societal demand for an end to animal testing presents
      challenges and opportunities in the safety evaluation of these substances.
      This thesis examines the opportunities to apply non-animal approaches to
      the risk assessment of anti-androgenic substances in consumer products.
      Gaps were identified that are currently preventing the adoption of such an
      approach, which broadly cover three areas. Firstly, under the current
      paradigm, in vitro alerts for anti-androgenicity invariably trigger animal
      testing, so an approach to allow risk-based decision making using only in
      vitro and exposure data is needed. Secondly, there is a lack of in vitro
      tools able to characterise the effects of substances affecting the
      hypothalamic and pituitary control of gonadotropin secretion; a search was
      conducted for cells that could address this. Thirdly, there are currently
      no in vitro models capable of distinguishing between exposures that cause
      adaptive changes to endocrine signalling and those that cause adverse
      health effects. The use of 3D prostate microtissues was therefore
      investigated to assess whether these would provide biomarkers to identify
      tipping points between adaptive and adverse responses. A tiered,
      exposure-led, and human-relevant risk assessment approach was developed
      that can be applied to safety decision making and prevent unnecessary
      animal use. Further developments in some of the higher-tier tools
      investigated will further reduce and ultimately replace the use of animals
      in risk assessment of anti-androgens.
A nonequilibrium theory for transient transport dynamics in nanostructures via the Feynman-Vernon influence functional approach
Creators: name: Jin, Jinshuang
name: Tu, Matisse W. Y.
name: Zhang, Wei-Min
name: Yan, YiJing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we develop a nonequilibrium theory for transient electron transport dynamics in nanostructures based on the Feynman-Vernon influence functional approach. We extend our previous work on the exact master equation describing the non-Markovian electron dynamics in the double dot [Phys. Rev. B78, 235311 (2008)] to the nanostructures in which the energy levels of the central region, the couplings to the leads and the external biases applied to leads are all time-dependent. We then derive nonperturbatively the exact transient current in terms of the reduced density matrix within the same framework. This provides an exact non-linear response theory for quantum transport processes with back-reaction effect from the contacts, including the non-Markovian quantum relaxation and dephasing, being fully taken into account. The nonequilibrium steady-state transport theory based on the Schwinger-Keldysh nonequilibrium Green function technique can be recovered as a long time limit. For a simple application, we present the analytical and numerical results of transient dynamics for the resonance tunneling nanoscale device with a Lorentzian-type spectral density and ac bias voltages, where the non-Markovian memory structure and non-linear response to the bias voltages in transport processes are demonstrated.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures
NGTS clusters survey -- III: A low-mass eclipsing binary in the Blanco 1 open cluster spanning the fully convective boundary
Creators: name: Smith, Gareth D.
name: Gillen, Edward
name: Queloz, Didier
name: Hillenbrand, Lynne A.
name: Acton, Jack S.
name: Alves, Douglas R.
name: Anderson, David R.
name: Bayliss, Daniel
name: Briegal, Joshua T.
name: Burleigh, Matthew R.
name: Casewell, Sarah L.
name: Delrez, Laetitia
name: Dransfield, Georgina
name: Ducrot, Elsa
name: Gill, Samuel
name: Gillon, Michaël
name: Goad, Michael R.
name: Günther, Maximilian N.
name: Henderson, Beth A.
name: Jenkins, James S.
name: Jehin, Emmanuël
name: Moyano, Maximiliano
name: Murray, Catriona A.
name: Pedersen, Peter P.
name: Sebastian, Daniel
name: Thompson, Samantha
name: Tilbrook, Rosanna H.
name: Triaud, Amaury H. M. J.
name: Vines, Jose I.
name: Wheatley, Peter J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the discovery and characterisation of an eclipsing binary identified by the Next Generation Transit Survey in the $\sim$115 Myr old Blanco 1 open cluster. NGTS J0002-29 comprises three M dwarfs: a short-period binary and a companion in a wider orbit. This system is the first well-characterised, low-mass eclipsing binary in Blanco 1. With a low mass ratio, a tertiary companion and binary components that straddle the fully convective boundary, it is an important benchmark system, and one of only two well-characterised, low-mass eclipsing binaries at this age. We simultaneously model light curves from NGTS, TESS, SPECULOOS and SAAO, radial velocities from VLT/UVES and Keck/HIRES, and the system's spectral energy distribution. We find that the binary components travel on circular orbits around their common centre of mass in $P_{\rm orb} = 1.09800524 \pm 0.00000038$ days, and have masses $M_{\rm pri}=0.3978\pm 0.0033$ M$_{\odot}$ and $M_{\rm sec}=0.2245\pm 0.0018$ M$_{\odot}$, radii $R_{\rm pri}=0.4037\pm 0.0048$ R$_{\odot}$ and $R_{\rm sec}=0.2759\pm 0.0055$ R$_{\odot}$, and effective temperatures $T_{\rm pri}=3372\,^{+44}_{-37}$ K and $T_{\rm sec}=3231\,^{+38}_{-31}$ K. We compare these properties to the predictions of seven stellar evolution models, which typically imply an inflated primary. The system joins a list of 19 well-characterised, low-mass, sub-Gyr, stellar-mass eclipsing binaries, which constitute some of the strongest observational tests of stellar evolution theory at low masses and young ages.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Constraining the faint end of the luminosity function with the APOSTLE cosmological simulations
Creators: name: Santos-Santos, Isabel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: The LCDM cosmological framework predicts central galaxies of any mass should be surrounded by fainter satellites following the substructure of cold dark matter halos. However, the matching between halo mass and luminosity is not well known in the regime of dwarf galaxies, where the physics of stellar feedback, star formation and reionization play a vital role shaping the faint-end of the luminosity function. Deep surveys from upcoming facilities like the Rubin Observatory LSST and the Roman Space Telescope will provide exciting new constraints on the observed luminosity function of galaxies and, in particular, on the satellite luminosity function of L* as well as of isolated dwarf galaxies in the Local Universe. We use state of the art cosmological hydrodynamical simulations from the APOSTLE project to study the abundance of faint dwarf satellites predicted around central galaxies in the field spanning a wide range in stellar masses (M*=[1e7,1e11] Msun). We find that the combined data on satellite abundance for MW-like galaxies together with that of lower mass hosts can put strong constraints the M*-Mhalo relation, pushing the limits of current abundance matching models below M*=10^8 Msun. Our models promise to help constrain the physics of stellar feedback and reionization on small dark matter halos from observations of the population of faint satellites around dwarfs, data soon to become available from these upcoming observational surveys.
Yielding under compression and the polyamorphic transition in silicon
Creators: name: Grießer, Jan
name: Moras, Gianpietro
name: Pastewka, Lars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the behavior of amorphous silicon under hydrostatic compression using molecular simulations. During compression, amorphous silicon undergoes a discontinuous nonequilibrium transition from a low-density to a high-density structure at a pressure of around $13$-$16$~GPa. Ensemble-averaged density and elastic constants change discontinuously across the transition. Densification of individual glassy samples occurs through a series of discrete plastic events, each of which is accompanied by a vanishing shear modulus. This is the signature of a series of elastic instabilities, similar to shear transformation zones observed during shear yielding of glasses. We compare the structure obtained during compression with a near-equilibrium form of amorphous silicon obtained by quenching a melt at constant pressure. This gives structures identical to nonequilibrium compression at low and high pressure, but the transition between them occurs gradually rather than discontinuously. Our observations indicate that the polyamorphic transition is of a nonequilibrium nature, and it has the characteristics of a yield transition that occurs under compression instead of shear.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Superior Gas Sensing Properties of $β$-In$_2$Se$_3$: A First-Principles Investigation
Creators: name: Bolarinwa, Sherifdeen O.
name: Sattar, Shahid
name: AlShaikhi, Abdullah A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using first-principles calculations, we report structural and electronic properties of CO, NO$_2$, and NO molecular adsorption on $β$-In$_2$Se$_3$ in comparison to a previous study on alpha-phase. Analysis and comparison of adsorption energies and extent of charge transfer indicates $β$-In$_2$Se$_3$ to be selective in detecting gas molecules. We found NO molecules acting as charge donor whereas CO and NO2 molecules as charge acceptors, respectively, experiencing physisorption in all cases. Owing to enhanced adsorption, faster desorption and improved selectivity of the gas molecules discussed in detail, we conclude $β$-In$_2$Se$_3$ to be a superior gas sensing material ideal for chemoresistive-type gas sensing applications.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures, Original research
NNLO QCD predictions for Z-boson production in association with a charm jet within the LHCb fiducial region
Creators: name: Gauld, R.
name: Ridder, A. Gehrmann-De
name: Glover, E. W. N.
name: Huss, A.
name: Garcia, A. Rodriguez
name: Stagnitto, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) QCD corrections to neutral vector boson production in association with a charm jet at the LHC. This process is studied in the forward kinematics at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV, which may provide valuable constraints on the intrinsic charm component of the proton. A comparison is performed between fixed order and NLO predictions matched to a parton shower showing mutual compatibility within the respective uncertainties. NNLO corrections typically lead to a reduction of theoretical uncertainties by a factor of two and the perturbative convergence is further improved through the introduction of a theory-inspired constraint on the transverse momentum of the vector boson plus jet system. A comparison between these predictions with data will require an alignment of a flavour-tagging procedure in theory and experiment that is infrared and collinear safe.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures. v2 matches the published version
Closed form expressions for Hodge numbers of complete intersection Calabi-Yau threefolds in toric varieties
Creators: name: Doran, Charles F.
name: Novoseltsev, Andrey Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J32

description: We use Batyrev-Borisov's formula for the generating function of stringy Hodge numbers of Calabi-Yau varieties realized as complete intersections in toric varieties in order to get closed form expressions for Hodge numbers of Calabi-Yau threefolds in five-dimensional ambient spaces. These expressions involve counts of lattice points on faces of associated Cayley polytopes. Using the same techniques, similar expressions may be obtained for higher dimensional varieties realized as complete intersections of two hypersurfaces.
description: 14 pages, published version
Geometric Invariant Measuring the Deviation from Kerr Data
Creators: name: Bäckdahl, Thomas
name: Kroon, Juan A. Valiente
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A geometrical invariant for regular asymptotically Euclidean data for the vacuum Einstein field equations is constructed. This invariant vanishes if and only if the data correspond to a slice of the Kerr black hole spacetime --thus, it provides a measure of the non-Kerr-like behavior of generic data. In order to proceed with the construction of the geometric invariant, we introduce the notion of approximate Killing spinors.
description: 4 pages, added lemma, changed references
A strong-type Furstenberg-Sárközy theorem for sets of positive measure
Creators: name: Durcik, Polona
name: Kovač, Vjekoslav
name: Stipčić, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 28A75, Secondary 42B25

description: For every $β\in(0,\infty)$, $β\neq 1$ we prove that a positive measure subset $A$ of the unit square contains a point $(x_0,y_0)$ such that $A$ nontrivially intersects curves $y-y_0 = a (x-x_0)^β$ for a whole interval $I\subseteq(0,\infty)$ of parameters $a\in I$. A classical Nikodym set counterexample prevents one to take $β=1$, which is the case of straight lines. Moreover, for a planar set $A$ of positive density we show that the interval $I$ can be arbitrarily large on the logarithmic scale. These results can be thought of as Bourgain-style large-set variants of a recent continuous-parameter Sárközy-type theorem by Kuca, Orponen, and Sahlsten.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures
Spodoptera cilium
Creators: name: Aistleitner, Eyjolf
name: Behounek, Gottfried
name: Hoppe, Henri
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Noctuidae
Spodoptera
Spodoptera cilium

description: Spodoptera cilium (GUENÉE, 1852)
M a t e r i a l u n t e r s u c h t: Brava, Nova Sintra, Santana, 490 m, 08.12.2004, 1 ex., det. Behounek.
V e r b r e i t u n g: Afrika,ArabischeHalbinsel,Südeuropa,Südostasien.
description: Published as part of Aistleitner, Eyjolf, Behounek, Gottfried & Hoppe, Henri, 2023, Ergänzende Daten zur Noctuiden-Fauna der Kapverden (Cabo Verde) (Lepidoptera, Nolidae, Erebidae, Noctuidae), pp. 475-506 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 54 (2) on page 489, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10414294
FSR 1776: a new globular cluster in the Galactic bulge?
Creators: name: Dias, B.
name: Palma, T.
name: Minniti, D.
name: Fernández-Trincado, J. G.
name: Alonso-García, J.
name: Barbuy, B.
name: Clariá, J. J.
name: Gomez, M.
name: Saito, R. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (ABRIDGED) Recent near-IR surveys have uncovered a plethora of new globular cluster (GC) candidates towards the Milky Way bulge. These new candidates need to be confirmed as real GCs and properly characterised. We investigate the physical nature of FSR 1776. This object was originally classified as an intermediate-age open cluster and has recently been re-discovered independently and classified as a GC candidate (Minni 23). Firstly, we aim at confirming its GC nature; secondly we determine its physical parameters. The confirmation of the cluster existence is checked using the radial velocity (RV) distribution of a MUSE data cube centred at FSR 1776. The cluster parameters are derived from isochrone fitting to the RV-cleaned colour-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) from visible and near-infrared photometry. The predicted RV distribution for the FSR 1776 coordinates, considering only contributions from the bulge and disc field stars, is not enough to explain the observed MUSE RV distribution. The extra population (12\% of the sample) is FSR 1776 with an average RV of $-103.7\pm 0.4~{\rm km}\,{\rm s}^{-1}$. The CMDs reveal that it is 10$\pm$1~Gyr old and metal-rich, with [Fe/H]$_{phot}\approx + 0.2\pm$0.2, [Fe/H]$_{spec}=~+0.02\pm0.01~(σ~=~0.14$~dex), located at the bulge distance of 7.24$\pm$0.5~kpc with A$_{\rm V}$ $\approx$ 1.1~mag. The mean cluster proper motions are ($\langleμ_α\rangle,\langleμ_δ\rangle$) $=$ ($-2.3\pm1.1,-2.6\pm0.8$) ${\rm mas\, yr^{-1}}$.} FSR 1776 is an old GC located in the Galactic bulge with a super-solar metallicity, among the highest for a Galactic GC. This is consistent with predictions for the age-metallicity relation of the bulge, being FSR 1776 the probable missing link between typical GCs and the metal-rich bulge field. High-resolution spectroscopy of a larger field of view and deeper CMDs are now required for a full characterisation.
description: 15 pages, 19 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Supersymmetric renormalisation of the CKM matrix and new constraints on the squark mass matrices
Creators: name: Crivellin, Andreas
name: Nierste, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the finite renormalisation of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix induced by gluino-squark diagrams in the MSSM with non-minimal sources of flavour violation. Subsequently we derive bounds on the flavour-off-diagonal elements of the squark mass matrices by requiring that the radiative corrections to the CKM elements do not exceed the experimental values. Our constraints on the associated dimensionless quantities delta^{d LR}_{ij}, j>i, are stronger than the bounds from flavour-changing neutral current (FCNC) processes if gluino and squarks are heavier than 500 GeV. Our bound on |delta^{u LR}_{12}| is stronger than the FCNC bound from D-D-bar mixing for superpartner masses above 900 GeV. We further find a useful bound on |delta_{13}^{u LR}|, for which no FCNC constraint is known. Our results imply that it is still possible to generate all observed flavour violation from the soft supersymmetry-breaking terms without conflicting with present-day data on FCNC processes. We suggest that a flavour symmetry renders the Yukawa sector flavour-diagonal and the trilinear supersymmetry-breaking terms are the spurion fields breaking this flavour symmetry. We further derive the dominant supersymmetric radiative corrections to the couplings of charged Higgs bosons and charginos to quarks and squarks.
description: Typos in the appendix corrected; 26 pages, 10 figures
Control of the Radiative Heat Transfer in a Pair of Rotating Nanostructures
Creators: name: Deop-Ruano, Juan R.
name: Manjavacas, Alejandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fluctuations of the electromagnetic field are at the origin of the near-field radiative heat transfer between nanostructures, as well as the Casimir forces and torques that they exert on each other. Here, working within the formalism of fluctuational electrodynamics, we investigate the simultaneous transfer of energy and angular momentum in a pair of rotating nanostructures. We demonstrate that, due to the rotation of the nanostructures, the radiative heat transfer between them can be increased, decreased, or even reversed with respect to the transfer that occurs in absence of rotation, which is solely determined by the difference in the temperature of the nanostructures. This work unravels the unintuitive phenomena arising from the simultaneous transfer of energy and angular momentum in pairs of rotating nanostructures.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
An Automated Framework for Supporting Data-Governance Rule Compliance in Decentralized MIMO Contexts
Creators: name: Zhao, Rui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose Dr.Aid, a logic-based AI framework for automated compliance checking of data governance rules over data-flow graphs. The rules are modelled using a formal language based on situation calculus and are suitable for decentralized contexts with multi-input-multi-output (MIMO) processes. Dr.Aid models data rules and flow rules and checks compliance by reasoning about the propagation, combination, modification and application of data rules over the data flow graphs. Our approach is driven and evaluated by real-world datasets using provenance graphs from data-intensive research.
description: Accepted to IJCAI 2021 DC
Diet Effects on Activation and Maturation of Feed Control over the Gastrointestinal Defence Barrier in Piglets
Importanza della dieta sull'attivazione e sulla maturazione del controllo alimentare e della barriera gastrointestinale del suinetto
Creators: name: Priori, Davide <1976>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: AGR/18 Nutrizione e alimentazione animale

description: Weaning is an important and complex step involving many stresses that interfere deeply with feed intake, gastro-intestinal tract (GIT) development and adaptation to the weaning diet in young pigs. The health of the pig at weaning, its nutrition in the immediate post-weaning period, and the physical, microbiological and psychological environment are all factors that interact to determine food intake and subsequent growth. GIT disorders, infections and diarrhoea increase at the time of weaning, in fact pathogens such as enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) are major causes of mucosal damage in post-weaning disease contributing to diarrhoea in suckling and post-weaned pigs. The European ban in 2006 put on antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) has stimulated research on the mechanisms of GIT disorders and on nutritional approaches for preventing or reducing such disturbances avoiding AGPs. Concerning these aspects here are presented five studies based on the interplay among nutrition, genomic, immunity and physiology with the aim to clarify some of these problematic issues around weaning period in piglets. The first three evaluate the effects of diets threonine or tryptophan enriched on gut defence and health as possible alternatives to AGP in the gut. The fourth is focused on the possible immunological function related with the development of the stomach. The fifth is a pilot study on the gastric sensing and orexygenic signal given by fasting or re-feeding conditions. Although some results are controversial, it appears that both tryptophan and threonine supplementation in weaning diets have a preventive role in E.coli PWD and favorable effects in the gut especially in relation to ETEC susceptible genotype. While the stomach is believed as almost aseptic organ, it shows an immune activity related with the mucosal maturation. Moreover it shows an orexygenic role of both oxyntic mucosa and pyloric mucosa, and its possible relation with nutrient sensing stimuli.
BdSL36: A Dataset for Bangladeshi Sign Letters Recognition
Creators: name: Hoque, Oishee Bintey
name: Jubair, Mohammad Imrul
name: Akash, Al-Farabi
name: Islam, Saiful
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Bangladeshi Sign Language (BdSL) is a commonly used medium of communication for the hearing-impaired people in Bangladesh. A real-time BdSL interpreter with no controlled lab environment has a broad social impact and an interesting avenue of research as well. Also, it is a challenging task due to the variation in different subjects (age, gender, color, etc.), complex features, and similarities of signs and clustered backgrounds. However, the existing dataset for BdSL classification task is mainly built in a lab friendly setup which limits the application of powerful deep learning technology. In this paper, we introduce a dataset named BdSL36 which incorporates background augmentation to make the dataset versatile and contains over four million images belonging to 36 categories. Besides, we annotate about 40,000 images with bounding boxes to utilize the potentiality of object detection algorithms. Furthermore, several intensive experiments are performed to establish the baseline performance of our BdSL36. Moreover, we employ beta testing of our classifiers at the user level to justify the possibilities of real-world application with this dataset. We believe our BdSL36 will expedite future research on practical sign letter classification. We make the datasets and all the pre-trained models available for further researcher.
description: Proceedings of the Asian Conference on Computer Vision (ACCV) Workshops, 2020
Quantum censorship in two dimensions
Creators: name: Pangon, V.
name: Nagy, S.
name: Polonyi, J.
name: Sailer, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is pointed out that increasingly attractive interactions, represented by partially concave local potential in the Lagrangian, may lead to the degeneracy of the blocked, renormalized action at the gliding cutoff scale by tree-level renormalization. A quantum counterpart of this mechanism is presented in the two-dimensional sine-Gordon model. The presence of Quantum Censorship is conjectured which makes the loop contributions pile up during the renormalization and thereby realize an approximate semiclassical effect.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures. Final version
Josephson parametric circulator with same-frequency signal ports, 200 MHz bandwidth, and high dynamic range
Creators: name: Kwende, Randy
name: White, Theodore
name: Naaman, Ofer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a 3-port Josephson parametric circulator, matched to 50 Ohm using second order Chebyshev networks. The device notably operates with two of its signal ports at the same frequency and uses only two out-of-phase pumps at a single frequency. As a consequence, when operated as an isolator it does not require phase coherence between the pumps and the signal, thus simplifying the requirements for its integration into standard dispersive qubit readout setups. The device utilizes parametric couplers based on a balanced bridge of rf-SQUID arrays, which offer purely parametric coupling and high dynamic range. We characterize the device by measuring its full 3x3 S-matrix as a function of frequency and the relative phase between the two pumps. We find up to 15 dB nonreciprocity over a 200 MHz signal band, port match better than 10 dB, low insertion loss of 0.6 dB, and saturation power exceeding -80 dBm.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures