cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
PARTNERS4LITERACY: A COMPARATIVE CLASSROOM DISCOURSE ANALYSIS DURING DELIVERY OF READTOPIA INSTRUCTION
Creators: name: Herrera, Amber M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Augmentative and Alternative Communication
Special Education
Speech-Language Pathologist
Literacy and Language

description: Both literacy and language are required for the joint construction of knowledge. It is essential to learning new concepts that beginning communicators and preliterate learners have the opportunity to participate in their learning by asking questions, communicating with peers, and presenting thoughts and opinions. Students in special education classrooms who are beginning communicators and preliterate learners may only have access to a restricted set of graphically represented vocabulary, not including question words needed to participate fully in daily learning experiences. This focused embedded study posits that if three experienced and credentialed special education classroom teachers can learn to use aided language input during delivery of Readtopia lessons, while encouraging student participation using vocabulary, along with Readtopia content vocabulary, then students' communication, language, and literacy potential will be revealed in varied ways. Nonexperimental mixed methods approach to analyzing teacher discourse during video recorded language literacy lessons. The unit of analysis is at the classroom level. There were 68 consented participants including 53 students and 15 educators. Quantitative and qualitative approaches were used to analyze teacher-student discourse from nine video recordings. Teacher questions were categorized and examined for repeated patterns in structure, meaning, and purpose. Results of the discourse analysis revealed five supports necessary for facilitating language development and six barriers to the development of a transactional model of communication critical for joint construction of knowledge. The supports necessary for facilitating language development include using the Readtopia teacher guide, modeling core words, giving additional wait time, asking questions that encourage student response, and rewording questions. The barriers include use of closed-ended questions over open-ended questions, the frequency of modeling and the percentage of questions that are modeled, the frequency of questions that were repeated, wait time for student response, and the frequency of student responses.
Lackfilm
Creators: name: Brocksieper, Manuela
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Lackfilm
Sandgrube
Schulprojekt
Unter Uns
Manuela Brocksieper
Universität Bremen
Gymnasium Ritterhude

description: Erstellung von Lackfilmen mit einer Schulklasse des Gymnasiums Ritterhude. Projektarbeit im Masterstudium. Erstellung in der Sandgrube in Osterholz-Scharmbeck, Niedersachsen. Das Projekt hieß Unter Uns und beschäftigte sich mit Bohrungen im Moor, Landschaft Norddeutschland, Lackfilmerstellung, Unterricht Geologie und Eiszeiten, Medien und Dokumentation, Besuch des Marum (Bohrkernlager), Ausstellungen der Werke, Analysen im Biologielabor Ausstellung der Lackfilme Ritterhude Rathaus, Universität Bremen, FB 5 Geowissenschaften.
Municipally-owned electric utilities in Texas
Creators: name: Gregory, Robert Henry, 1917-
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1944
Subjects: subject: Electric utilities
subject: Electric power plants
subject: Texas
subject: Electric light plants
subject: Municipal ownership
subject: Public utilities
subject: Electric utilities--Texas
subject: Electric power-plants--Texas
subject: Electric light plants--Texas
subject: Municipal ownership--Texas
subject: Public utilities--Texas

description: The data and conclusions presented in this monograph are based on information obtained by field study in thirty-one of the forty-four cities in Texas operating generating plants at the beginning of 1941. The municipal electric plants included were representative according to size of plants, and the total number included was large enough to cover the field. The data obtained were broken down by three or five classifications based on the population of the municipalities. Some of the limitations inherent in this technique are pointed out in Chapter VIII, but there appears to be no better method of classifying data. Some data for individual utilities are given, but in most cases treatment of data by groups is used for ease in discussion. Electric rate compilations prepared by the League of Texas Municipalities and more recent studies by the Federal Power Commission are used in order to have comprehensive rate data covering a period of fifteen years. When data presented are for a sample and complete coverage is not possible, the number of establishments included is given. Municipal officials, plant operators, employees, and townspeople were interviewed to learn their attitudes toward municipal utilities. Financial information was obtained from audit reports prepared by outside auditors. Financial results of operations were obtained from reports prepared by the city secretary or utility bookkeeper when no auditor was employed by the utility. Special attention was given to the problem of financial administration as reflected through budgeting, accounting, auditing, and reporting techniques employed by the several utilities, since the validity of any conclusions based on financial data depends on the accuracy of the records. This is true whether an outside auditor or an audit committee of townspeople is employed. Because of the fundamental importance of municipal utility accounting practice and its bearing on any conclusions drawn, it is discussed at some length in Chapter VI, while two companion subjects, auditing and reporting, are considered in Chapter VII. The topics covered offer a reasonably complete study of municipal utilities. An attempt has been made to provide factual data which may be substituted for mere opinion. Wherever possible the information is compiled and presented in tables enabling the reader to draw his own conclusions, but conclusions based upon isolated facts or information not presented are supplied by the author
From Humanitarian Relief to Holocaust Rescue: Tracy Strong Jr., Vichy Internment Camps, and the Maison des Roches in Le Chambon
Creators: name: Browning, Christopher R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: American relief worker Tracy Strong Jr. played a key role in obtaining the transfer of young prisoners from Vichy internment camps in southern France to the Maison des Roches—a residence that he helped establish in Le Chambon-sur-Lignon—and in subsequently helping some of these young men to escape over the Swiss border. The author of this article bases his research primarily on journals and letters that Strong wrote at the time, which provide contemporary evidence for the central importance of the town's Huguenot congregation and its pastor, André Trocmé—an importance that some writers recently have attributed to postwar exaggeration and myth-making.
Fragmentation Functions at Next-to-Next-to-Leading Order Accuracy
Creators: name: Anderle, Daniele P.
name: Ringer, Felix
name: Stratmann, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a first analysis of parton-to-pion fragmentation functions at next-to-next-to-leading order accuracy in QCD based on single-inclusive pion production in electron-positron annihilation. Special emphasis is put on the technical details necessary to perform the QCD scale evolution and cross section calculation in Mellin moment space. We demonstrate how the description of the data and the theoretical uncertainties are improved when next-to-next-to-leading order QCD corrections are included.
description: 15 pages, 7 eps figures, version 2 matches the published version
Oxytocin promotes functional coupling between paraventricular nucleus and both sympathetic and parasympathetic cardioregulatory nuclei
Creators: name: Saber, Maha J.
name: Lewis, Gregory F.
name: Onishi, Kenneth G.
name: Frijling, Jessie L.
name: Porges, Stephen W.
name: Tovar, Santiago
name: Kenkel, William M.
name: Liu, Wensheng
name: Dodhia, Sonam
name: Yee, Jason R.
name: Carter, C. Sue
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The neuropeptide oxytocin (OXT) facilitates prosocial behavior and selective sociality. In the context of stress, OXT also can down-regulate hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis activity, leading to consideration of OXT as a potential treatment for many socioaffective disorders. However, the mechanisms through which administration of exogenous OXT modulates social behavior in stressful environmental contexts are not fully understood. Here, we investigate the hypothesis that autonomic pathways are components of the mechanisms through which OXT aids the recruitment of social resources in stressful contexts that may elicit mobilized behavioral responses. Female prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster) underwent a stressor (walking in shallow water) following pretreatment with intraperitoneal OXT (0.25 mg/kg) or OXT antagonist (OXT-A, 20 mg/kg), and were allowed to recover with or without their sibling cagemate. Administration of OXT resulted in elevated OXT concentrations in plasma, but did not dampen the HPA axis response to a stressor. However, OXT, but not OXT-A, pretreatment prevented the functional coupling, usually seen in the absence of OXT, between paraventricular nucleus (PVN) activity as measured by c-Fos immunoreactivity and HPA output (i.e. corticosterone release). Furthermore, OXT pretreatment resulted in functional coupling between PVN activity and brain regions regulating both sympathetic (i.e. rostral ventrolateral medulla) and parasympathetic (i.e. dorsal vagal complex and nucleus ambiguous) branches of the autonomic nervous system. These findings suggest that OXT increases central neural control of autonomic activity, rather than strictly dampening HPA axis activity, and provides a potential mechanism through which OXT may facilitate adaptive and context-dependent behavioral and physiological responses to stressors.
TANAMI - Multiwavelength and Multimessenger Observations of Active Galaxies
Creators: name: Kadler, M.
name: Ojha, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extragalactic jets launched from the immediate vicinity of supermassive black holes in radio-loud active galactic nuclei (AGN) are key objects in modern astronomy and astroparticle physics. AGN jets carry a fraction of the total gravitational energy released during the accretion of matter onto supermassive black holes and are prime suspects as possible sources of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays and the recently detected extraterrestrial neutrinos at PeV energies. TANAMI (Tracking Active galactic Nuclei with Austral Milliarcsecond Interferometry) is a multiwavelength program monitoring AGN jets of the southern sky. It combines high-resolution imaging and spectral monitoring at radio wavelengths with higher-frequency observations at IR, optical/UV, X-ray and $γ$-ray energies. We review recent results of the TANAMI program, highlighting AGN candidate neutrino-emitters in the error circles of the IceCube PeV neutrino events.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure, to appear in Astronomical Notes
Work Requirements in Public Housing: Impacts on Tenant Employment and Evictions
Creators: name: Webb, Michael D.
name: Frescoln, Kirstin P.
name: Rohe, William M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: In recent years, many have debated adopting work requirements in the public housing program, and a limited number of public housing agencies (PHA) have implemented these policies through the flexibility provided by the Moving to Work program. One such agency—the Charlotte Housing Authority (CHA)—has implemented a work requirement across five (of 15) public housing developments that mandates households to work 15 hr weekly or face sanctions. This article evaluates this policy and presents the first empirical analysis on the outcomes of a work requirement on employment and evictions. We find that, following work requirement enforcement, the percentage of impacted households paying minimum rent (a proxy for nonemployment) decreased versus a comparison group. Analysis of additional data on both employment and hours worked indicates similar results regarding employment gains, but no increase in average hours worked. We find no evidence that work requirement sanctions increased evictions, and very modest evidence that enforcement increased the rate of positive move-outs such as moves to unsubsidized housing.
Ensuring FAIR-Compliant Molecular Analysis Software with MDAKits
Creators: name: Kenney, Ian
name: Alibay, Irfan
name: Barnoud, Jonathan
name: Beckstein, Oliver
name: Gowers, Richard J
name: Naughton, Fiona
name: Wang, Lily
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: toolkits
molecular dynamics
MDAnalysis
Python

description: Scientific progress relies on the reproducibility and transparency of scientific findings. Scientific codes, for both data generation and analysis, are often not required to be released and are thus not held to these critical standards, making replication of previous results needlessly difficult. Researchers are rarely given incentives to overcome the substantial barriers to ensuring their software is properly tested and available to the community. The MDAnalysis (https://www.mdanalysis.org) Python library is used for the analysis of molecular simulation and structural data and is used by thousands of researchers across the world. To address these concerns regarding software based on MDAnalysis, the "MDAKits" framework was developed. The MDAKits framework addresses these barriers and encourages the development of FAIR-compliant MDAnalysis toolkits. MDAKits are standalone packages using MDAnalysis to solve scientific problems. The framework provides a template for producing an MDAKit base code, best practices documentation, and a kit validation registry which also provides an overview of the available kits using only metadata for the registered kits. Thus, MDAKits facilitate sharing and publicizing researchers' code while they still maintain full control of the codebase.
Culture, Ecology and Restoration:  a report of a workshop on human influence on the montane ecosystem in Jasper National Park
Creators: Murray, Carol
Higgs, Eric S.
Wesbrook, Mike
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 1996

This report is a summary of a gathering of 35 researchers at the University of Alberta in 1996 to develop a set of guidelines for mapping the human influence in the montane region of Jasper National Park. Participants were from a wide variety of backgrounds:  anthropology, archaeology, ecology, history, literature, information science/GIS.  This gathering solidified a network of researchers with interests in the mountain region.
EVALUATING THE IMPACT OF THE FILIBUSTER ON SENATE PRODUCTIVITY
Creators: name: Upadhyaya, Neha
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: filibuster
USSenate
politicalscience

description: In 1787, the United States Constitution was constructed to establish the foundation of the US government, with the responsibilities and authorities of the federal government being separated into three branches. The House of Representatives and the Senate shared the lawmaking powers in the legislative branch. The Senate comprises two representatives from each state in the nation that is primarily responsible for voting on bills and can pass them if they reach a simple majority. The voting period allows for debate on the chamber floor amongst opposing parties. It introduces the use of the filibuster, which is a tactic of using an uninterrupted debate to delay or block the passage of a bill into law. This forum of discussion intends to allow for a minority party to retain a certain degree of authority in the legislative decisions. A three-fifths majority vote from the Senate or cloture is currently required to end a filibuster. In recent years, the use of the filibuster has increased over time, and concerns materialized regarding how it mainly targets and blocks large-scale reform and severely hinders the overall efficiency of the Senate.
First-time homebuying: attitudes and behaviors of low-income renters through the financial crisis
Creators: name: Han, Hye-Sung
name: Rohe, William M.
name: Lindblad, Mark R.
name: Yu, Siyun
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: We use psychological theory to investigate how attitudes toward homebuying relate to first-time home purchases over the past decade. Homeownership rates in the US have dropped to 20-year lows, but whether views toward homebuying shifted due to the financial crisis is not known because studies have not compared attitudes for the same respondents pre- and post-crisis. We address this gap with 2004–2014 panel data from low-income renters. We find that a negative shift in homebuying attitudes is associated with a decline in first-time home purchases. Older renters aged more than 35 years at baseline report the greatest declines in homebuying intentions. Younger renters aged 18–34 also report diminished homebuying intentions, yet express highest overall levels of homebuying intentions pre- and post-crisis. Blacks report greater homebuying intentions although their odds of home purchase are 29 per cent lower than whites. Homebuying norms and favorability are associated with homebuying intentions but not with actual purchases, while perceived control over homebuying influences both outcomes.
Homology for Quandles with Partial Group Operations
Creators: name: Carter, J. Scott
name: Ishii, Atsushi
name: Saito, Masahico
name: Tanaka, Kokoro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A quandle is a set that has a binary operation satisfying three conditions corresponding to the Reidemeister moves. Homology theories of quandles have been developed in a way similar to group homology, and have been applied to knots and knotted surfaces. In this paper, a homology theory is defined that unifies group and quandle homology theories. A quandle that is a union of groups with the operation restricting to conjugation on each group component is called a multiple conjugation quandle (MCQ, defined rigorously within). In this definition, compatibilities between the group and quandle operations are imposed which are motivated by considerations on colorings of handlebody-links. A homology theory defined here for MCQs take into consideration both group and quandle operations, as well as their compatibility. The first homology group is characterized, and the notion of extensions by $2$-cocycles is provided. Degenerate subcomplexes are defined in relation to simplicial decompositions of prismatic (products of simplices) complexes and group inverses. Cocycle invariants are also defined for handlebody-links.
description: 27 pages, 13 figures, v2: Comments after Theorem 11 are fixed, Expositions are improved
Characterization of relaxation processes in interacting vortex matter through a time-dependent correlation length
Creators: name: Pleimling, Michel
name: Tauber, Uwe C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vortex lines in type-II superconductors display complicated relaxation processes due to the intricate competition between their mutual repulsive interactions and pinning to attractive point or extended defects. We perform extensive Monte Carlo simulations for an interacting elastic line model with either point-like or columnar pinning centers. From measurements of the space- and time-dependent height-height correlation function for lateral flux line fluctuations, we extract a characteristic correlation length that we use to investigate different non-equilibrium relaxation regimes. The specific time dependence of this correlation length for different disorder configurations displays characteristic features that provide a novel diagnostic tool to distinguish between point-like pinning centers and extended columnar defects.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, version to appear in J. Stat. Mech
Perception Is Reality: quality metrics in pancreas surgery – a Central Pancreas Consortium (CPC) analysis of 1399 patients
Creators: name: Ahmad, Syed A.
name: Parikh, Alexander A.
name: Kim, Hong Jin
name: Scoggins, Charles R.
name: Abbott, Daniel E.
name: Kooby, David A.
name: Martin, Robert C.
name: Hawkins, William G.
name: Bentrem, David J.
name: Weber, Sharon M.
name: Merchant, Nipun B.
name: Squires, Malcolm H.
name: Winslow, Emily R.
name: Martin, Grace
name: Maithel, Shishir K.
name: Cho, Clifford S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Several groups have defined pancreatic surgery quality metrics that identify centers delivering quality care. Although these metrics are perceived to be associated with good outcomes, their relationship with actual outcomes has not been established.
Supplementary document for Temperature-dependent cross section spectra for thulium-doped fiber lasers - 6217162.pdf
Creators: name: Jirickova, Bara
name: Grabner, Martin
name: Jauregui, Cesar
name: Aubrecht, Jan
name: Schreiber, Ondrej
name: Peterka, Pavel
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 20504 Photonics, Optoelectronics and Optical Communications
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Details of methods and results
Of Bulk and Boundaries: Generalized Transfer Matrices for Tight-Binding Models
Creators: name: Dwivedi, Vatsal
name: Chua, Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a generalized transfer matrix corresponding to noninteracting tight-binding lattice models, which can subsequently be used to compute the bulk bands as well as the edge states. Crucially, our formalism works even in cases where the hopping matrix is non-invertible. Following Hatsugai [PRL 71, 3697 (1993)], we explicitly construct the energy Riemann surfaces associated with the band structure for a specific class of systems which includes systems like Chern insulator, Dirac semimetal and graphene. The edge states can then be interpreted as non-contractible loops, with the winding number equal to the bulk Chern number. For these systems, the transfer matrix is symplectic, and hence we also describe the windings associated with the edge states on $Sp(2, \mathbb{R})$ and interpret the corresponding winding number as a Maslov index.
description: 25 pages, 11 Figs. Added references in v2. Added two new sections (Sec IV and Sec VI) in v3
Identification of new hot subdwarf binary systems by means of Virtual Observatory tools
Creators: name: A. Ulla
name: E. Solano
name: E. Pérez-Fernández
name: C. Rodrigo
name: R. Oreiro
name: A. Aller
name: M. Manteiga
name: R. Santoveña-Gómez
name: M.A. Álvarez
name: C. Dafonte
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: The estimation of the binary fraction of hot subdwarfs is key to shed light on the different evolution scenarios proposed to explain the loss of the hydrogen envelope during the red giant branch phase. We analyse the spectral energy distribution of the hot subdwarfs included in a recent and comprehensive catalogue with the aim of identifying companions to hot subdwarf stars. Our methodology, based on VO tools, shows a performance superior to the photometric criteria used in that study, identifying both a significant number of single objects wrongly classified as binaries, together with new binary findings. Effective temperatures, luminosities and radii were newly computed for 192 singles and 42 binaries, and a VO accessible database was created to assist further eventual spectroscopic analyses. The results obtained this way will be used as a reference for a forthcoming work where we aim to generalize binary and single hot subdwarf massive classification using Artificial lntelligence-based techniques.
High-order resting-state functional connectivity network for MCI classification: High-Order Correlation and FC Network
Creators: name: Wee, Chong-Yaw
name: Gao, Yue
name: Shen, Dinggang
name: Li, Gang
name: Chen, Xiaobo
name: Zhang, Han
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Brain functional connectivity (FC) network, estimated with resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS-fMRI) technique, has emerged as a promising approach for accurate diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases. However, the conventional FC network is essentially low-order in the sense that only the correlations among brain regions (in terms of RS-fMRI time series) are taken into account. The features derived from this type of brain network may fail to serve as an effective disease biomarker. To overcome this drawback, we propose extraction of novel high-order FC correlations that characterize how the low-order correlations between different pairs of brain regions interact with each other. Specifically, for each brain region, a sliding window approach is first performed over the entire RS-fMRI time series to generate multiple short overlapping segments. For each segment, a low-order FC network is constructed, measuring the short-term correlation between brain regions. These low-order networks (obtained from all segments) describe the dynamics of short-term FC along the time, thus also forming the correlation time series for every pair of brain regions. To overcome the curse of dimensionality, we further group the correlation time series into a small number of different clusters according to their intrinsic common patterns. Then, the correlation between the respective mean correlation time series of different clusters is calculated to represent the high-order correlation among different pairs of brain regions. Finally, we design a pattern classifier, by combining features of both low-order and high-order FC networks. Experimental results verify the effectiveness of the high-order FC network on disease diagnosis.
Supplementary document for Learned digital lens enabled single optics achromatic imaging - 6220850.pdf
Creators: name: He, Tianyue
name: Zhang, Qican
name: Zhang, Chongyang
name: Kou, Tingdong
name: Shen, Junfei
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplement 1
Learning-based subject-specific estimation of dynamic maps of cortical morphology at missing time points in longitudinal infant studies: Estimation of Cortical Morphological Maps
Creators: name: Gao, Yaozong
name: Lin, Weili
name: Meng, Yu
name: Shen, Dinggang
name: Li, Gang
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Longitudinal neuroimaging analysis of the dynamic brain development in infants has received increasing attention recently. Many studies expect a complete longitudinal dataset in order to accurately chart the brain developmental trajectories. However, in practice, a large portion of subjects in longitudinal studies often have missing data at certain time points, due to various reasons such as the absence of scan or poor image quality. To make better use of these incomplete longitudinal data, in this paper, we propose a novel machine learning-based method to estimate the subject-specific, vertex-wise cortical morphological attributes at the missing time points in longitudinal infant studies. Specifically, we develop a customized regression forest, named Dynamically-Assembled Regression Forest (DARF), as the core regression tool. DARF ensures the spatial smoothness of the estimated maps for vertex-wise cortical morphological attributes and also greatly reduces the computational cost. By employing a pairwise estimation followed by a joint refinement, our method is able to fully exploit the available information from both subjects with complete scans and subjects with missing scans for estimation of the missing cortical attribute maps. The proposed method has been applied to estimating the dynamic cortical thickness maps at missing time points in an incomplete longitudinal infant dataset, which includes 31 healthy infant subjects, each having up to 5 time points in the first postnatal year. The experimental results indicate that our proposed framework can accurately estimate the subject-specific vertex-wise cortical thickness maps at missing time points, with the average error less than 0.23 mm.
Bright gamma-ray Galactic Center excess and dark dwarfs: Strong tension for dark matter annihilation despite Milky Way halo profile
Creators: name: Abazajian, Kevork N.
name: Keeley, Ryan E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We incorporate Milky Way dark matter halo profile uncertainties, as well as an accounting of diffuse gamma-ray emission uncertainties in dark matter annihilation models for the Galactic Center Extended gamma-ray excess (GCE) detected by the Fermi Gamma Ray Space Telescope. The range of particle annihilation rate and masses expand when including these unknowns. However, two of the most precise empirical determinations of the Milky Way halo's local density and density profile leave the signal region to be in considerable tension with dark matter annihilation searches from combined dwarf galaxy analyses for single-channel dark matter annihilation models. The GCE and dwarf tension can be alleviated if: one, the halo is very highly concentrated or strongly contracted; two, the dark matter annihilation signal differentiates between dwarfs and the GC; or, three, local stellar density measures are found to be significantly lower, like that from recent stellar counts, increasing the local dark matter density.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures; v3 & v4: match version to appear in PRD; analysis code available at https://github.com/rekeeley/GCE_errors
3D tract-specific local and global analysis of white matter integrity in Alzheimer's disease: White Matter Integrity in Alzheimer's Disease
Creators: name: Jin, Yan
name: Jack, Clifford R.
name: Zhu, Hongtu
name: Daianu, Madelaine
name: Huang, Chao
name: Reid, Robert I.
name: Zhan, Liang
name: Thompson, Paul M.
name: Dennis, Emily L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive decline in memory and other aspects of cognitive function. Diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) offers a non‐invasive approach to delineate the effects of AD on white matter (WM) integrity. Previous studies calculated either some summary statistics over regions of interest (ROI analysis) or some statistics along mean skeleton lines (Tract Based Spatial Statistic [TBSS]), so they cannot quantify subtle local WM alterations along major tracts. Here, a comprehensive WM analysis framework to map disease effects on 3D tracts both locally and globally, based on a study of 200 subjects: 49 healthy elderly normal controls, 110 with mild cognitive impairment, and 41 AD patients has been presented. 18 major WM tracts were extracted with our automated clustering algorithm—autoMATE (automated Multi‐Atlas Tract Extraction); we then extracted multiple DWI‐derived parameters of WM integrity along the WM tracts across all subjects. A novel statistical functional analysis method—FADTTS (Functional Analysis for Diffusion Tensor Tract Statistics) was applied to quantify degenerative patterns along WM tracts across different stages of AD. Gradually increasing WM alterations were found in all tracts in successive stages of AD. Among all 18 WM tracts, the fornix was most adversely affected. Among all the parameters, mean diffusivity (MD) was the most sensitive to WM alterations in AD. This study provides a systematic workflow to examine WM integrity across automatically computed 3D tracts in AD and may be useful in studying other neurological and psychiatric disorders. Hum Brain Mapp 38:1191–1207, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
title: Interstitial pregnancy: MRI and US
Creators: name: Le, Brittany
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genital (female) imaging
subject: Abdomen
subject: Anatomy
subject: Emergency
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: Obstetrics (Pregnancy / birth / postnatal period)
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 33-year-old female with a history of miscarriage within the last 12 months presented to the Emergency Department at 7 weeks pregnant for vaginal spotting that started two weeks prior.

She reported intermittent nausea and abdominal cramping, but was afebrile with vital signs stable.

description: 33 years, female
Connectivity strength-weighted sparse group representation-based brain network construction for MCI classification: Weighted Sparse Group Model for MCI Classification
Creators: name: An, Le
name: Chen, Xiaobo
name: Zhang, Han
name: Shen, Dinggang
name: Yu, Renping
name: Wei, Zhihui
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Brain functional network analysis has shown great potential in understanding brain functions and also in identifying biomarkers for brain diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and its early stage, mild cognitive impairment (MCI). In these applications, accurate construction of biologically meaningful brain network is critical. Sparse learning has been widely used for brain network construction; however, its l1-norm penalty simply penalizes each edge of a brain network equally, without considering the original connectivity strength which is one of the most important inherent linkwise characters. Besides, based on the similarity of the linkwise connectivity, brain network shows prominent group structure (i.e., a set of edges sharing similar attributes). In this article, we propose a novel brain functional network modeling framework with a “connectivity strength-weighted sparse group constraint.” In particular, the network modeling can be optimized by considering both raw connectivity strength and its group structure, without losing the merit of sparsity. Our proposed method is applied to MCI classification, a challenging task for early AD diagnosis. Experimental results based on the resting-state functional MRI, from 50 MCI patients and 49 healthy controls, show that our proposed method is more effective (i.e., achieving a significantly higher classification accuracy, 84.8%) than other competing methods (e.g., sparse representation, accuracy = 65.6%). Post hoc inspection of the informative features further shows more biologically meaningful brain functional connectivities obtained by our proposed method.
Stable interactions via proper deformations
Creators: name: Kaparulin, D. S.
name: Lyakhovich, S. L.
name: Sharapov, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new method is proposed for switching on interactions that are compatible with global symmetries and conservation laws of the original free theory. The method is applied to the control of stability in Lagrangian and non-Lagrangian theories with higher derivatives. By way of illustration, a wide class of stable interactions is constructed for the Pais-Uhlenbeck oscillator.
description: 12 pages, minor corrections
Twin-singleton developmental study of brain white matter anatomy: Twin-Singleton Developmental Study of Brain White Matter Anatomy
Creators: name: Sadeghi, Neda
name: Gerig, Guido
name: Gilmore, John H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Twin studies provide valuable insights into the analysis of genetic and environmental factors influencing human brain development. However, these findings may not generalize to singletons due to differences in pre- and postnatal environments. One would expect the effect of these differences to be greater during the early years of life. To address this concern, we compare longitudinal diffusion data of white matter regions for 26 singletons and 76 twins (monozygotic and dizygotic) from birth to 2 years of age. We use nonlinear mixed effect modeling where the temporal changes in the diffusion parameters are described by the Gompertz function. The Gompertz function describes growth trajectory in terms of intuitive parameters: asymptote, delay, and speed. We analyzed fractional anisotropy (FA), axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD) for 21 regions of interest (ROIs). These ROIs included areas in the association, projection, and commissural fiber tracts. We did not find any differences in the diffusion parameters between monozygotic and dizygotic twins. In addition, FA and RD showed no developmental differences between singletons and twins for the regions analyzed. However, the delay parameter of the Gompertz function of AD for the anterior limb of the internal capsule and anterior corona radiata was significantly different between singletons and twins. Further analysis indicated that the differences are small, and twins “catch up” by the first few months of life. These results suggest that the effects of differences of pre- and postnatal environments between twins and singletons are minimal on white matter development and disappear early in life.
TRAUMATIC STRESS LEVEL OF ELDERLY PEOPLE LIVING IN A NURSING HOME OF AFTER THE EARTHQUAKE
Creators: name: Bolukbasi, Selman
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 111702 Aged Health Care
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 170106 Health, Clinical and Counselling Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 160701 Clinical Social Work Practice
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Conference: COVID-19 and Updating in Geriatrics At: Ankara
LACK OF WOMEN IN THE EXECUTIVE SUITE
Creators: name: Arendt, Haley
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: women
executive
workplace
suite

description: Over 92 percent of women in corporate America report the glass ceiling’s limiting existence when trying to reach the executive suite. The executive suite will be used in this paper to describe the highest position a person in a corporate company can obtain. We hypothesize that women within the executive suite are not represented to the standard of their male counterparts. Although previous studies focused on the factors that contribute to women not being in positions of power, over the last decade research consistently found less women than men in the executive suite specifically. Despite this, the previous research ignores the lack of women in the executive suite. We analyzed how motherhood and female mentorship and affects whether they acquire management vs. ownership positions. We reviewed the primary literature and complied potential causes for women’s minority. In addition, our review revealed that women possess 42.7% of managerial positions and only 1.9% of executive positions. The leaky pipe in manager to executive is affected heavily by motherhood as well as mentorship.
Novel BPS Wilson loops in three-dimensional quiver Chern-Simons-matter theories
Creators: name: Ouyang, Hao
name: Wu, Jun-Bao
name: Zhang, Jia-ju
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that generic three-dimensional $\mathcal N=2$ quiver super Chern-Simons-matter theories admit Bogomol'nyi-Prasad-Sommerfield (BPS) Drukker-Trancanelli (DT) type Wilson loops. We investigate both Wilson loops along timelike infinite straight lines in Minkowski spacetime and circular Wilson loops in Euclidean space. In Aharnoy-Bergman-Jafferis-Maldacena theory, we find that generic BPS DT type Wilson loops preserve the same number of supersymmetries as Gaiotto-Yin type Wilson loops. There are several free parameters for generic BPS DT type Wilson loops in the construction, and supersymmetry enhancement for Wilson loops happens for special values of the parameters.
description: V1, 5 pages; V2, 13 pages, circular Wilson loops added, published version
Interbrain phase synchronization during turn-taking verbal interaction-a hyperscanning study using simultaneous EEG/MEG: Synchronization During Turn-Taking Verbal Interaction
Creators: name: Kim, Bong Soo
name: Ahn, Sangtae
name: Kwon, Hyukchan
name: Chang, Won Seok
name: Chang, Jin Woo
name: Kwon, Moonyoung
name: Jun, Sung Chan
name: Kim, Kiwoong
name: Cho, Hohyun
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Recently, neurophysiological findings about social interaction have been investigated widely, and hardware has been developed that can measure multiple subjects' brain activities simultaneously. These hyperscanning studies have enabled us to discover new and important evidences of interbrain interactions. Yet, very little is known about verbal interaction without any visual input. Therefore, we conducted a new hyperscanning study based on verbal, interbrain turn-taking interaction using simultaneous EEG/MEG, which measures rapidly changing brain activities. To establish turn-taking verbal interactions between a pair of subjects, we set up two EEG/MEG systems (19 and 146 channels of EEG and MEG, respectively) located ∼100 miles apart. Subjects engaged in verbal communication via condenser microphones and magnetic-compatible earphones, and a network time protocol synchronized the two systems. Ten subjects participated in this experiment and performed verbal interaction and noninteraction tasks separately. We found significant oscillations in EEG alpha and MEG alpha/gamma bands in several brain regions for all subjects. Furthermore, we estimated phase synchronization between two brains using the weighted phase lag index and found statistically significant synchronization in EEG and MEG data. Our novel paradigm and neurophysiological findings may foster a basic understanding of the functional mechanisms involved in human social interactions. Hum Brain Mapp 39:171-188, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Radiation-induced brain structural and functional abnormalities in presymptomatic phase and outcome prediction: Radiation-Induced Brain Abnormalities
Creators: name: Ding, Zhongxiang
name: Liu, Lizhi
name: Xie, Fei
name: Zhang, Han
name: Lv, Xiao-Fei
name: Shen, Dinggang
name: Li, Li
name: Qiu, Shijun
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Radiation therapy, a major method of treatment for brain cancer, may cause severe brain injuries after many years. We used a rare and unique cohort of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients with normal-appearing brains to study possible early irradiation injury in its presymptomatic phase before severe, irreversible necrosis happens. The aim is to detect any structural or functional imaging biomarker that is sensitive to early irradiation injury, and to understand the recovery and progression of irradiation injury that can shed light on outcome prediction for early clinical intervention. We found an acute increase in local brain activity that is followed by extensive reductions in such activity in the temporal lobe and significant loss of functional connectivity in a distributed, large-scale, high-level cognitive function-related brain network. Intriguingly, these radiosensitive functional alterations were found to be fully or partially recoverable. In contrast, progressive late disruptions to the integrity of the related far-end white matter structure began to be significant after one year. Importantly, early increased local brain functional activity was predictive of severe later temporal lobe necrosis. Based on these findings, we proposed a dynamic, multifactorial model for radiation injury and another preventive model for timely clinical intervention. Hum Brain Mapp 39:407-427, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Quasi-one-dimensional quantum spin liquid in the $\rm {Cu(C_4H_4N_2)(NO_3)_2}$ insulator
Creators: name: Shaginyan, V. R.
name: Stephanovich, V. A.
name: Popov, K. G.
name: Kirichenko, E. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze measurements of the magnetization, differential susceptibility and specific heat of quasi-one dimensional insulator Cu(C$_4$H$_4$N$_2$)(NO$_3$)$_2$ (CuPzN) subjected to magnetic fields. We show that the thermodynamic properties are defined by quantum spin liquid formed with spinons, with the magnetic field tuning the insulator CuPzN towards quantum critical point related to fermion condensation quantum phase transition (FCQPT) at which the spinon effective mass diverges kinematically. We show that the FCQPT concept permits to reveal and explain the scaling behavior of thermodynamic characteristics. For the first time, we construct the schematic $T-H$ (temperature---magnetic field) phase diagram of CuPzN, that contains Landau-Fermi-liquid, crossover and non-Fermi liquid parts, thus resembling that of heavy-fermion compounds.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures; Detailed full paper is published by Annalen der Physik, http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/andp.201500352
Magnetic field growth in young glitching pulsars with a braking index
Creators: name: Ho, Wynn C. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the standard scenario for spin evolution of isolated neutron stars, a young pulsar slows down with a surface magnetic field B that does not change. Thus the pulsar follows a constant B trajectory in the phase space of spin period and spin period time derivative. Such an evolution predicts a braking index n = 3 while the field is constant and n > 3 when the field decays. This contrasts with all nine observed values being n < 3. Here we consider a magnetic field that is buried soon after birth and diffuses to the surface. We use a model of a growing surface magnetic field to fit observations of the three pulsars with lowest n: PSR J0537-6910 with n = -1.5, PSR B0833-45 (Vela) with n = 1.4, and PSR J1734-3333 with n = 0.9. By matching the age of each pulsar, we determine their magnetic field and spin period at birth and confirm the magnetar-strength field of PSR J1734-3333. Our results indicate that all three pulsars formed in a similar way to central compact objects (CCOs), with differences due to the amount of accreted mass. We suggest that magnetic field emergence may play a role in the distinctive glitch behaviour of low braking index pulsars, and we propose glitch behaviour and characteristic age as possible criteria in searches for CCO descendants.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures; published in MNRAS; v2, matches published version, corrected minor typo