cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SELECTED INSTITUTIONAL/PERSONAL CHARACTERISTICS AND THE BELIEFS OF INTERNATIONAL STUDENT ADVISORS ON THE RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF EIGHT COMPONENTS OF THEIR WORK
Creators: name: Araya, Belainesh
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The study was conducted to ascertain the beliefs of international student advisors about the relative importance that should be given to eight components of their work and to determine the relationship between these beliefs and each of three personal/institutional characteristics. The eight components of work are: Counseling/Advising, Immigration and Naturalization, Social and Cultural Programming, Orientation, Program Planning and Review, Inter-institutional Relations, Liaison and Public Relations and Office/Budget Administration. The personal/institutional characteristics are: educational background of the international student advisor, years of experience as an international student advisor, and size of the institution in terms of international student enrollment. The following research hypotheses were postulated: (1) There is a significant relationship between the educational background of the international student advisor and his/her ordering of eight components of work; (2) There is a significant relationship between the years of experience as an international student advisor and his/her ordering of eight components of work; (3) There is a significant relationship between the size of the institution in terms of international student enrollment and the advisor's ordering of eight components of work. Two instruments were developed and distributed to 188 international student advisors at four-year post-secondary institutions with enrollments of 300 and more international students. Responses from 155 subjects (82.4 percent) were analyzed and profiles were drawn to determine the modal characteristics of the respondents. Each of the three study hypotheses was rejected. The relationship between the international student advisor's ordering of the "should be" importance of the eight components of his/her work was not significantly related to: his/her educational background, years of experience as an international student advisor, or size of institution in terms of international student enrollment. In addition it was found that International student advisors believe the following should be the most important components of their work: Counseling/Advising, Immigration and Naturalization, Social and Cultural Programming, and Orientation. A study conclusion was that international student advisors prefer work tasks allied to the helping professions. This suggests the implication that development of counseling skills should be an integral part of their job preparation.
BLACK STUDENTS' SCHOOL SUCCESS AS RELATED TO FICTIVE KINSHIP: A STUDY INTHE WASHINGTON, D.C., PUBLIC SCHOOL SYSTEM
Creators: name: Fordham, Signithia M.
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4401
subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: This study of Black adolescents' school achievement patterns and academic performance in a high school in Washington, D.C., examines the relationship between Black students' school performance and effort and their immersion or encapsulation in the group's social organization: fictive kinship. The central questions examined in the study are: (1) the nature and configuration of the ecological structure of Black Americans; (2) the nature and functions of the fictive kinship system among Black Americans; and (3) the role of the fictive kinship system in the social adjustment and school performance of Black adolescents. The strength of the study lies in the examination of the various social, cultural, and historical factors structuring Black life and culture in contemporary America and how they affect the school behaviors and achievement of Black children. The study was conducted in a predominantly Black high school in Washington, D.C. Ethnographic research in the Capital Community focused on the question: What, apart from higher scores on measures of school success, differentiates "successful" low-income Black adolescents from their less successful peers? Data was gathered during a twelve-month period of observation and participation in the community through formal and informal discussions, parental interviews, and at sports events, community celebrations, and religious rituals. Data from the latest U.S. Census, D.C. Public School officials, and religious and community leaders further supplemented the school-based, ethnographic data. The findings of this investigation support the general hypothesis that fictive kinship (1) emerged in response to a long-term subordinate-superordinate relationship between Black and white Americans; (2) is not only a symbol of social and cultural identity for Black Americans, but is also a medium of boundary maintenance vis-a-vis white Americans; and (3) negatively sanctions school behaviors and activities which are perceived to be threatening to the survival and perpetuity of the group. These expressive responses on the part of Black Americans are identified and attributed to the structural and cultural history of the group, indicating the emergence of a unique cultural pattern, one which suggests the presence and influence of an oppositional social identity, as well as an oppositional cultural frame, on Black students' school achievement.
Parity-Violating Interaction Effects in the np System
Creators: name: Schiavilla, R.
name: Carlson, J.
name: Paris, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate parity-violating observables in the np system, including the longitudinal asymmetry and neutron-spin rotation in np elastic scattering, the photon asymmetry in np radiative capture, and the asymmetries in deuteron photo-disintegration d(gamma,n)p in the threshold region and electro-disintegration d(e,e`)np in quasi-elastic kinematics. To have an estimate of the model dependence for the various predictions, a number of different, latest-generation strong-interaction potentials--Argonne v18, Bonn 2000, and Nijmegen I--are used in combination with a weak-interaction potential consisting of pi-, rho-, and omega-meson exchanges--the model known as DDH. The complete bound and scattering problems in the presence of parity-conserving, including electromagnetic, and parity-violating potentials is solved in both configuration and momentum space. The issue of electromagnetic current conservation is examined carefully. We find large cancellations between the asymmetries induced by the parity-violating interactions and those arising from the associated pion-exchange currents. In the np capture, the model dependence is nevertheless quite small, because of constraints arising through the Siegert evaluation of the relevant E1 matrix elements. In quasi-elastic electron scattering these processes are found to be insignificant compared to the asymmetry produced by gamma-Z interference on individual nucleons.
description: 65 pages, 26 figures, submitted to PRC
A non-invasive investigation of Limoges enamels using both Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and spectral imaging: a pilot study
Creators: name: Read, Margaret
name: Cheung, Chi Shing
name: Ling, Denise
name: Korenberg, Capucine
name: Meek, Andrew
name: Kogou, Sotiria
name: Liang, Haida
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper investigates the use of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and Short-wave Infrared (SWIR) spectral imaging to study the deterioration of a Limoges enamel panel. Limoges enamels are formed of glass layers applied on a metal substrate and are prone to glass disease. However, the level of deterioration in Limoges enamels is generally difficult to assess visually. In this study, SWIR was used to produce a hydration level map of the enamel, which was coupled with virtual OCT cross-sections. The study shows a good correlation between levels of hydration and structural damage over the enamel panel. Hydration mapping allows visualisation of structural damage across the entire enamel in one image.
description: 6 pages
Saturated-absorption spectroscopy: Eliminating crossover resonances using co-propagating beams
Creators: name: Banerjee, Ayan
name: Natarajan, Vasant
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a new technique for saturated-absorption spectroscopy using co-propagating beams that does not have the problem of crossover resonances. The pump beam is locked to a transition and its absorption signal is monitored while the probe beam is scanned. As the probe comes into resonance with another transition, the pump absorption is reduced and the signal shows a Doppler-free dip. We use this technique to measure hyperfine intervals in the $D_2$ line of $^{85}$Rb with a precision of 70 kHz, and to resolve hyperfine levels in the $D_2$ line of $^{39}$K that are less than 10 MHz apart.
description: 3 pages, 4 figures. To appear in Optics Letters
Wavebreaking amplitudes in warm, inhomogeneous plasmas revisited
Creators: name: Rathee, Nidhi
name: Mukherjee, Arghya
name: Trines, R. M. G. M.
name: Sengupta, Sudip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of electron temperature on the space-time evolution of nonlinear plasma oscillations in an inhomogeneous plasma is studied using a one-dimensional particle-in-cell (PIC) code. In contrast to the conventional wisdom, it is found that for an inhomogeneous plasma, there exists a critical value of electron temperature beyond which wave breaking does not occur. This novel result, which is of relevance to present day laser plasma experiments, has been explained on the basis of interplay between electron thermal pressure and background inhomogeneity.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
title: RELIGION AND POLITICS IN BIRMINGHAM 1830-1850
Creators: name: Chance, Percy Frederick
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1982

description: This study examines the manner and extent to which religious belief influenced political behaviour in Birmingham between I83O and 1850. Political alliance and religious affiliation in the town became in extricably entwined in 1829 following Roman Catholic emancipation and the increasing pressure for parliamentary reform. Factional antagonism surfaced in parochial matters such as governorship of the local Crammer School, the appointment of a General Hospital physician and in national questions like the repeal of the Corn Laws. The subject is explored in three ways: by examining narrative accounts of conflicts arising over such concerns as the payment of church rates; and the provision of education or opposition to pending parliamentary legislation allowing Dissenters to enter the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge; by quantifying the religious belief and political party of those holding privileged positions of power and authority (Magistrates, Court Lect, The Street Commissioners who were responsible for paving, sewering and lighting the town in the absence of a municipal corporation); by analysing polling in the parliamentary elections of this period, particularly those of 1837 and 1841, in order to establish the degree to which religious affiliation was a determinant of voting behaviour end its relationship to the other recognised influencies; socio-economic class , neighbourhood norm, etc. The results indicated a positive relationship between religious belief and political acts: local privileged positions of power tended to be dominated by members of the Established Church to the exclusion of those dissenting from it. Despite a good correlation between religious belief and voting behaviour in the parliamentary elections , however, this part of the hypothesis could not be proved conclusively owing to the inadequacy of the sources.
On the jet speeds of classical double radio sources
Creators: name: Arshakian, T. G.
name: Longair, M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple integral relation is obtained for the distribution functions of jet speeds and jet-counterjet flux asymmetries of classical double radio sources. Analytic expressions relating the mean jet speed and the mean jet flux asymmetry, and their variances are derived. The results are considered in the light of orientation-based unified schemes, and an analytical equation for the critical angle separating quasars and radio galaxies is derived. The mean jet speeds of classical double radio sources are estimated using the asymmetry of jet-counterjet flux densities taken from the 3CRR and B2 samples. For FRI radio sources the mean jet speed is ~0.54c (with a standard error SE=0.03c), while for FRII low-redshift radio galaxies and intermediate redshift quasars the values found are ~0.4c (SE=0.06c) and >0.6c respectively.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures. The revised version is accepted for publication in the MNRAS
An investigation into evaluating laptop computers using TBL : social
Creators: name: Meng, Fei Ya
name: Wu, Suyu (Aiden)
name: Jiang, Jiaqi
name: Xu, Bo
name: Murat, Sanzhar
name: Weekse, Bomoh
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: This report is the evaluation of the laptop computer brands according to their social aspects of the Triple Bottom Line. By analyzing the social aspects of different brands, the one that is best suitable for selling on UBC campus was identified. All the information was collected from the laptop brands’ websites and annual sustainability reports. In order to determine the most popular brands used on UBC campus, a special survey has been prepared and over 100 students, teachers and staff members have been surveyed. The survey results represent 6 of the most popular brands on campus, which are: Apple, Lenovo, ASUS, Acer, HP and Sony. Social standards behind each of these companies are collected and represented in this report. From the investigation of all six brands, it has been identified that all of the companies are consistent with the social aspects of the Triple Bottom Line (TBL). All of the companies investigated emphasize the valuability of the Corporate Social Responsibility as well as their responsibility in front of society. All six companies do not purchase units containing minerals that have been mined in conflict areas or where human rights are not respected. Companies ensure that there is no child labor used on every step of the supply chain. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
BLACK STUDENTS' SCHOOL SUCCESS AS RELATED TO FICTIVE KINSHIP: A STUDY INTHE WASHINGTON, D.C., PUBLIC SCHOOL SYSTEM
Creators: name: Fordham, Signithia M.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This study of Black adolescents' school achievement patterns and academic performance in a high school in Washington, D.C., examines the relationship between Black students' school performance and effort and their immersion or encapsulation in the group's social organization: fictive kinship. The central questions examined in the study are: (1) the nature and configuration of the ecological structure of Black Americans; (2) the nature and functions of the fictive kinship system among Black Americans; and (3) the role of the fictive kinship system in the social adjustment and school performance of Black adolescents. The strength of the study lies in the examination of the various social, cultural, and historical factors structuring Black life and culture in contemporary America and how they affect the school behaviors and achievement of Black children. The study was conducted in a predominantly Black high school in Washington, D.C. Ethnographic research in the Capital Community focused on the question: What, apart from higher scores on measures of school success, differentiates "successful" low-income Black adolescents from their less successful peers? Data was gathered during a twelve-month period of observation and participation in the community through formal and informal discussions, parental interviews, and at sports events, community celebrations, and religious rituals. Data from the latest U.S. Census, D.C. Public School officials, and religious and community leaders further supplemented the school-based, ethnographic data. The findings of this investigation support the general hypothesis that fictive kinship (1) emerged in response to a long-term subordinate-superordinate relationship between Black and white Americans; (2) is not only a symbol of social and cultural identity for Black Americans, but is also a medium of boundary maintenance vis-a-vis white Americans; and (3) negatively sanctions school behaviors and activities which are perceived to be threatening to the survival and perpetuity of the group. These expressive responses on the part of Black Americans are identified and attributed to the structural and cultural history of the group, indicating the emergence of a unique cultural pattern, one which suggests the presence and influence of an oppositional social identity, as well as an oppositional cultural frame, on Black students' school achievement.
Some Modular Considerations Regarding Odd Perfect Numbers
Creators: name: Dris, Jose Arnaldo Bebita
name: Diego, Immanuel Tobias San
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11A05, 11A25

description: Let $p^k m^2$ be an odd perfect number with special prime $p$. In this article, we provide an alternative proof for the biconditional that $σ(m^2) \equiv 1 \pmod 4$ holds if and only if $p \equiv k \pmod 8$. We then give an application of this result to the case when $σ(m^2)/p^k$ is a square.
description: 6 pages, submitted to Notes on Number Theory and Discrete Mathematics
Comment on "Berry phase correction to electron density in solids" by Xiao et al
Creators: name: Duval, C.
name: Horvath, Z.
name: Horvathy, P.
name: Martina, L.
name: Stichel, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The main result of Xiao et al. [ Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 137204 (2005)] is shown to follow from Hamiltonian mechanics.
description: Comment. 2 pages, no figures. Reference date corrected Affiliation of the first author expanded
Hydrodynamics of quartz crystal microbalance experiments with liposome-DNA complexes
Creators: name: Vazquez-Quesada, Adolfo
name: Schofield, Marc Melendez
name: Tsortos, Achilleas
name: Mateos-Gil, Pablo
name: Gizeli, Electra
name: Buscalioni, Rafael Delgado
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) is widely used to study surface adsorbed molecules, often of biological significance. However, the relation between raw acoustic response (frequency shift $Δf$ and dissipation factor $ΔD$) and mechanical properties of the macromolecules still needs to be deciphered, particularly in the case of suspended discrete particles. We study the QCM response of suspended liposomes tethered to the resonator wall by double stranded DNA, with the other end attached to surface-adsorbed neutravidin through a biotin linker. Liposome radius and dsDNA contour length are comparable to the wave penetration depth ($δ\sim 100\ \mathrm{nm}$). Simulations, based on the immersed boundary method and an elastic network model for the liposome-DNA complex, are in good agreement with experimental results for POPC liposomes. We find that the added stress at the resonator surface, i.e. the impedance Z sensed by QCM, is dominated by the flow-induced liposome surface-stress, which propagates towards the resonator by viscous forces. QCM signals are extremely sensitive to the liposome's height distribution P(y) which depends on the actual number and mechanical properties of the tethers, in addition to the usual local attractive/repulsive chemical forces. Our approach helps in deciphering the role of hydrodynamics in acoustic sensing and revealing the role of parameters hitherto largely unexplored. A practical consequence would be the design of improved biosensors and detection schemes.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Stygiomysis clarkei Bowman
Creators: name: Pesce, Giuseppe L.
name: Iliffe, Thomas M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2002
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Mysida
Stygiomysidae
Stygiomysis
Stygiomysis clarkei

description: Stygiomysis clarkei Bowman, IliOEe and Yager, 1984
 Material examined. Grand Bahama Island, Bahamas: Lucayan Caverns, Freeport; 6 August 1998, one aberrant (female?) specimen collected with vial from the water column in 5±10 m depths. Lucayan Caverns, Freeport; 18 August 1998, one immature specimen (female?) collected with vial from the water column in 5±10 m depths. Lucayan Caverns, Freeport; 20 August 1998; one female (5.5 mm) collected with vials from the water column in 5±10 m depths. Lucayan Caverns, Freeport; 22 August 1998; two females (5.9, 6.1 mm) collected with vials from the water column in 5±10 m depths.
 Remarks. The three adult specimens from Lucayan Caverns, Grand Bahama ®t the original description of the species, except for the following minor diOEerences, which, in our opinion, could better characterize the Lucayan population rather than justify the proposition of a new species or subspecies.
(1) Distal armature of telson: 31 41 31 41 3, or 31 31 31 31 3 (vs 31 31 31 31 3 in the original description).
(2) Protopodal process of uropods with one lateral apical seta and ®ve apical spines, followed by two short spines, one longer spine and eight short setules (vs one lateral apical seta, ®ve apical spines followed by four short spines, one long spine and six to eight spinules, in the original description).
(3) Antenna 1, outer ¯agellum 14- or 15-segmented (vs 17±19 in the original description), inner ¯agellum nine-segmented (vs ten-segmented in the original description).
 Stygiomysis clarkei is presently known only from anchialine caves in Middle Caicos, Providenciales and Grand Bahama islands (present data).
 Habitat. Lucayan Caverns is located about 20 km east of Freeport on Grand Bahama Island. It is the longest explored cave in the Bahamas with more than 10 km of surveyed underwater passages. The surface waters in the cave are fresh, with a halocline at 16 m depth and full strength sea water beneath. Most passages were formed at the same depth as the halocline by mixing corrosion between fresh and salt waters. An unusual feature of this cave is the presence of large amounts of ¯occulent organic sediments, probably of bacterial origin, that occur below the halocline.
description: Published as part of Pesce, Giuseppe L. & Iliffe, Thomas M., 2002, New records of cave-dwelling mysids from the Bahamas and Mexico with description of Palaumysis bahamensis n. sp. (Crustacea: Mysidacea), pp. 265-278 in Journal of Natural History 36 (3) on page 270, DOI: 10.1080/00222930010005033, http://zenodo.org/record/4757320
THE PRINCIPAL AS TRAINER OF TEACHERS IN ATTAINING SEX EQUITABLE AND EFFECTIVE CLASSROOM INTERACTION
Creators: name: Hendrick, Mary Briscoe
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the principal as trainer of classroom teachers in sex equitable and effective classroom interaction skills would cause a reduction in sex bias and increase variation in precise teacher feedback to student response. A second purpose was to assess the impact of the trainer-of-trainer's design on the role of the principal as trainer in attaining sex equity in classroom interaction. The major research questions were: (1) Does principal-directed training in sex equitable and effective interaction skills increase frequency of student-teacher interaction? (2) Does principal-directed training in sex equity and effective interaction skills affect the frequency of teacher praise, acceptance, remediation, and criticism? (3) Does principal-directed teacher training in sex equity and effective interaction skills affect the distribution of teacher interaction to male and female students? (4) Does principal-directed teacher training in sex equity and effective interaction skills affect the distribution of teacher interaction to male and female students in the categories of praise, acceptance, remediation, and criticism? (5) Do principals involved in a trainer-of-trainers design effectively implement teacher training in their schools?; Data were obtained from a sample of ten elementary principals and forty classroom teachers from an urban school district. Teachers were observed once during the early Fall (pre-observation); then after the principal-directed training program (October) they were observed two times in late Fall (post-observation). Data were obtained from interviews with the experimental principals after the PEPA program was completed. Observer-raters were trained to code classroom interaction using the INTERSECT Observation System. Raters were tested for.85 inter-rater reliability. Analysis of covariance and median tests were the statistical procedure used. Post-observation findings indicated there were no significant differences between the trained and the untrained teachers in the frequency of total teacher-student interaction and distribution of precise teacher feedback to male and female students, though posttest scores on praise and acceptance were moving in the direction predicted. Findings from the principal interviews reflected the value of the principal as trainer in reducing sex bias. Findings on sex-segregation in classrooms indicated that the experimental group showed a significant difference in their move toward little or low sex-segregated classrooms. Results suggested that principal-directed training to promote sex equitable and effective classroom interaction may be a viable means of reducing bias in classroom interaction.
Modelling of the Effects of Stellar Feedback during Star Cluster Formation Using a Hybrid Gas and N-Body Method
Creators: name: Wall, Joshua E.
name: Mac Low, Mordecai-Mark
name: McMillan, Stephen L. W.
name: Klessen, Ralf S.
name: Zwart, Simon Portegies
name: Pellegrino, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the formation of stellar clusters requires following the interplay between gas and newly formed stars accurately. We therefore couple the magnetohydrodynamics code FLASH to the N-body code ph4 and the stellar evolution code SeBa using the Astrophysical Multipurpose Software Environment (AMUSE) to model stellar dynamics, evolution, and collisional N-body dynamics and the formation of binary and higher-order multiple systems, while implementing stellar feedback in the form of radiation, stellar winds and supernovae in FLASH. We here describe the algorithms used for each of these processes. We denote this integrated package Torch. We then use this novel numerical method to simulate the formation and early evolution of several examples of open clusters of ~1000 stars formed from clouds with a mass range of 10^3-10^5 M_sun. Analyzing the effects of stellar feedback on the gas and stars of the natal clusters, we find that in these examples, the stellar clusters are resilient to disruption, even in the presence of intense feedback. This can even slightly increase the amount of dense, Jeans unstable gas by sweeping up shells; thus, a stellar wind strong enough to trap its own H II region shows modest triggering of star formation. Our clusters are born moderately mass segregated, an effect enhanced by feedback, and retained after the ejection of their natal gas, in agreement with observations.
description: Accepted to ApJ. 29 pages, 18 figures. Source code at https://bitbucket.org/torch-sf/torch/ and documentation at https://torch-sf.bitbucket.io/
THE PRINCIPAL AS TRAINER OF TEACHERS IN ATTAINING SEX EQUITABLE AND EFFECTIVE CLASSROOM INTERACTION
Creators: name: Hendrick, Mary Briscoe
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 39
subject: Education
classificationCode: 3904
subject: Specialist studies in education

description: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the principal as trainer of classroom teachers in sex equitable and effective classroom interaction skills would cause a reduction in sex bias and increase variation in precise teacher feedback to student response. A second purpose was to assess the impact of the trainer-of-trainer's design on the role of the principal as trainer in attaining sex equity in classroom interaction. The major research questions were: (1) Does principal-directed training in sex equitable and effective interaction skills increase frequency of student-teacher interaction? (2) Does principal-directed training in sex equity and effective interaction skills affect the frequency of teacher praise, acceptance, remediation, and criticism? (3) Does principal-directed teacher training in sex equity and effective interaction skills affect the distribution of teacher interaction to male and female students? (4) Does principal-directed teacher training in sex equity and effective interaction skills affect the distribution of teacher interaction to male and female students in the categories of praise, acceptance, remediation, and criticism? (5) Do principals involved in a trainer-of-trainers design effectively implement teacher training in their schools?; Data were obtained from a sample of ten elementary principals and forty classroom teachers from an urban school district. Teachers were observed once during the early Fall (pre-observation); then after the principal-directed training program (October) they were observed two times in late Fall (post-observation). Data were obtained from interviews with the experimental principals after the PEPA program was completed. Observer-raters were trained to code classroom interaction using the INTERSECT Observation System. Raters were tested for.85 inter-rater reliability. Analysis of covariance and median tests were the statistical procedure used. Post-observation findings indicated there were no significant differences between the trained and the untrained teachers in the frequency of total teacher-student interaction and distribution of precise teacher feedback to male and female students, though posttest scores on praise and acceptance were moving in the direction predicted. Findings from the principal interviews reflected the value of the principal as trainer in reducing sex bias. Findings on sex-segregation in classrooms indicated that the experimental group showed a significant difference in their move toward little or low sex-segregated classrooms. Results suggested that principal-directed training to promote sex equitable and effective classroom interaction may be a viable means of reducing bias in classroom interaction.
Nonperturbative quantum theory of multiplasmonic electron emission from surfaces: Gauge-specific cumulant expansions vs. Volkov ansatz over plasmonic coherent states
Creators: name: Gumhalter, Branko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Energetic electromagnetic fields produce a variety of elementary excitations in solids that can strongly modify their primary photoemission spectra. Such is the plasmon excitation or pumping mechanism which, although indirect, is very efficient and hence may give rise to formation of plasmonic coherent states. In turn, these states may act as a source or sink of energy and momentum for escaping electrons. Starting from the model Hamiltonian approach we show that prepumped plasmonic bath of coherent states gives rise to ponderomotive potentials and Floquet electronic band structure that support multiple plasmon-induced electron emission or plasmoemission from metals. Theoretical description of multiple plasmoemission requires a nonperturbative approch which is here formulated by applying cumulant expansion and Volkov ansatz to the calculations of electron wavefunctions and emission rates. The calculations are performed in the standard length gauge as well as in the Pauli-transformed velocity gauge for electron-plasmon interaction. The applicability of two nonperturbative approaches to calculation of excitation amplitudes are examined in each gauge. They smoothly interpolate between the fully quantal first order Born approximation and semiclassical multiplasmon-induced electron excitation limit. This is illustrated on the example of plasmoemission from Floquet surface bands on Ag(111) from which this channel of electron yield has been detected. Our calculations indicate that even subsingle mode occupations of plasmonic coherent states can support multiplasmon electron emission from surface bands. A way of calibration of plasmonic coherent states is proposed.
description: Comments are welcome
Medical student, nursing student, and non-health care respondents’ implicit attitudes toward doctors and patients: Development and a pilot study of a new implicit attitudes test (IAT)
Creators: name: A Schwartz
name: A Mazouni
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: © 2017 Schwartz, Mazouni. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Introduction Medical educators have been concerned that medical students may decline in empathy for patients during the course of their training, based on studies measuring clinical empathy using psychometrically strong self-report measures. Clinical empathy is a complex construct, incorporating attitudes toward patients but also other components, such as professional detachment. Triangulation of extant measures with instruments based on nonreactive methods could provide a better understanding of whether and how physician attitudes toward patients may be changing during training. We sought to develop and pilot-test such a nonreactive method. Methods We develop variations of an implicit association test (IAT) designed to measure attitudes toward physicians and patients based on speed of reaction to images of actors and positive and negative words. In the IATs, the same actors are photographed as doctors, clinic outpatients, hospitalized inpatients, and as a “general public” control. We examine preliminary evidence for their validity by collecting pilot data from internet participants (not involved in the health professions), medical students, and nursing students. Results Internet participants (n = 314) and nursing students (n = 31) had more negative associations (IAT scores) with doctors than did medical students (n = 89); nursing students and female internet participants had more positive associations with hospitalized patients than did medical students and male internet participants. Medical students’ associations with hospitalized patients varied by year of training.Discussion This IAT may provide insight into implicit attitudes among those who enter training for the health profession and changes in those attitudes that may be inculcated during that training.
On the relation between the propagators of dual theories
Creators: name: Scarpelli, A. P. Baeta
name: Cantcheff, M. Botta
name: Helayel-Neto, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we show that the propagator of the dual of a general Proca-like theory, derived from the gauging iterative Noether Dualization Method, can be written by means of a simple relation between known propagators. This result is also a demonstration that the Lagrangian obtained by dualization describes the same physical particles as the ones present in the original theory at the expense of introducing new non-physical (ghosts) excitations.
description: latex, 4 pages
ANARCHY OR RULE IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS: THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF HETERONOMOUS INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGE
Creators: name: Klink, Frank F.
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4408
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: This author has argued in a recent paper written with N. G. Onuf that the neorealist literature in International Relations is founded upon an inappropriate distinction between anarchy and rule. While Waltz's hierarchical rule constitutes a mutually exclusive alternative to anarchy, Onuf and this author have identified two nonhierarchical forms of rule, heteronomy and (Gramscian) hegemony, which are not alternatives to anarchic political relations. Indeed, heteronomous rule depends crucially upon the formal autonomy of agents posited by the anarchy problematique. Informed by the empirical assumption that historical manifestations of politics generally have been characterized by enduring and pervasive patterns of asymmetry or rule, this dissertation seeks to develop the contention that anarchic international relations are, nevertheless, stable relations of super- and subordination. The author develops the rule problematique by constructing a theory of heteronomous rule in which a condition of stable rule obtains from the optimizing behavior of rational and formally autonomous (or sovereign) states which strategically interact with each other through economic exchange relations and which are constrained by an asymmetrical distribution of wealth endowments. Specifically, the international system is assumed to be a neorealist anarchy in which states are formally free to choose the form and degree of their participation in international politics and in which no obvious patterns of coercion obtain (such as colonialism). The conditions under which relations of rule emerge from such ostensibly uncoercive circumstances are developed in the following manner. First, the author presents a game theoretic and microeconomic analysis of the mechanism through which heteronomy operates--the contingent relationship between economic exchange and political influence. Aside from grounding Marx's and Hirschman's analyses of coercive exchanges in a sound analytical foundation, this analysis identifies the preference orderings which must obtain if heteronomous influence is to emerge as the rational outcome of agent interaction. Second, this dissertation shows how these preference orderings imply asymmetrical relations of heteronomous rule by developing a logical relationship between heteronomous preference orderings and an asymmetrical distribution of wealth. In so doing, the author provides choice theoretic foundations for the basic categories of world system theory.
Dust cloud formation in stellar environments. II. Two-dimensional models for structure formation around AGB stars
Creators: name: Woitke, P.
name: Niccolini, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper reports on computational evidence for the formation of cloud-like dust structures around C-rich AGB stars. This spatio-temporal structure formation process is caused by a radiative/thermal instability of dust forming gases as identified by Woitke et al.(2000). Our 2D (axisymmetric) models combine a time-dependent description of the dust formation process according to Gail & Sedlmayr (1988) with detailed, frequency-dependent continuum radiative transfer by means of a Monte Carlo method (Niccolini et al.2003) in an otherwise static medium (v=0). These models show that the formation of dust behind already condensed regions, which shield the stellar radiation field, is strongly favoured. In the shadow of these clouds, the temperature decreases by several hundred Kelvin which triggers the subsequent formation of dust and ensures its thermal stability. Considering an initially dust-free gas with small density inhomogeneities, we find that finger-like dust structures develop which are cooler than the surroundings and point towards the centre of the radiant emission, similar to the cometary knots observed in planetary nebulae and star formation regions. Compared to a spherical symmetric reference model, the clumpy dust distribution has little effect on the spectral energy distribution, but dominates the optical appearance in near IR monochromatic images.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures, submitted to A&A
Fairness-Aware Learning with Prejudice Free Representations
Creators: name: Madhavan, Ramanujam
name: Wadhwa, Mohit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine learning models are extensively being used to make decisions that have a significant impact on human life. These models are trained over historical data that may contain information about sensitive attributes such as race, sex, religion, etc. The presence of such sensitive attributes can impact certain population subgroups unfairly. It is straightforward to remove sensitive features from the data; however, a model could pick up prejudice from latent sensitive attributes that may exist in the training data. This has led to the growing apprehension about the fairness of the employed models. In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm that can effectively identify and treat latent discriminating features. The approach is agnostic of the learning algorithm and generalizes well for classification as well as regression tasks. It can also be used as a key aid in proving that the model is free of discrimination towards regulatory compliance if the need arises. The approach helps to collect discrimination-free features that would improve the model performance while ensuring the fairness of the model. The experimental results from our evaluations on publicly available real-world datasets show a near-ideal fairness measurement in comparison to other methods.
ANARCHY OR RULE IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS: THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF HETERONOMOUS INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGE
Creators: name: Klink, Frank F.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This author has argued in a recent paper written with N. G. Onuf that the neorealist literature in International Relations is founded upon an inappropriate distinction between anarchy and rule. While Waltz's hierarchical rule constitutes a mutually exclusive alternative to anarchy, Onuf and this author have identified two nonhierarchical forms of rule, heteronomy and (Gramscian) hegemony, which are not alternatives to anarchic political relations. Indeed, heteronomous rule depends crucially upon the formal autonomy of agents posited by the anarchy problematique. Informed by the empirical assumption that historical manifestations of politics generally have been characterized by enduring and pervasive patterns of asymmetry or rule, this dissertation seeks to develop the contention that anarchic international relations are, nevertheless, stable relations of super- and subordination. The author develops the rule problematique by constructing a theory of heteronomous rule in which a condition of stable rule obtains from the optimizing behavior of rational and formally autonomous (or sovereign) states which strategically interact with each other through economic exchange relations and which are constrained by an asymmetrical distribution of wealth endowments. Specifically, the international system is assumed to be a neorealist anarchy in which states are formally free to choose the form and degree of their participation in international politics and in which no obvious patterns of coercion obtain (such as colonialism). The conditions under which relations of rule emerge from such ostensibly uncoercive circumstances are developed in the following manner. First, the author presents a game theoretic and microeconomic analysis of the mechanism through which heteronomy operates--the contingent relationship between economic exchange and political influence. Aside from grounding Marx's and Hirschman's analyses of coercive exchanges in a sound analytical foundation, this analysis identifies the preference orderings which must obtain if heteronomous influence is to emerge as the rational outcome of agent interaction. Second, this dissertation shows how these preference orderings imply asymmetrical relations of heteronomous rule by developing a logical relationship between heteronomous preference orderings and an asymmetrical distribution of wealth. In so doing, the author provides choice theoretic foundations for the basic categories of world system theory.
On the reheating stage after inflation
Creators: name: Kolb, Edward W.
name: Notari, Alessio
name: Riotto, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We point out that inflaton decay products acquire plasma masses during the reheating phase following inflation. The plasma masses may render inflaton decay kinematicaly forbidden, causing the temperature to remain frozen for a period at a plateau value. We show that the final reheating temperature may be uniquely determined by the inflaton mass, and may not depend on its coupling. Our findings have important implications for the thermal production of dangerous relics during reheating (e.g., gravitinos), for extracting bounds on particle physics models of inflation from Cosmic Microwave Background anisotropy data, for the production of massive dark matter candidates during reheating, and for models of baryogenesis or leptogensis where massive particles are produced during reheating.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures. Submitted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Laser in the axial electric field as a tool to search for P-, T- invariance violation
Creators: name: Baryshevsky, V. G.
name: Cherkas, S. L.
name: Matsukevich, D. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider rotation of polarization plane of the laser light when a gas laser is placed in a longitudinal electric field (10~kV/cm). It is shown that residual anisotropy of the laser cavity 10^{-6} and the sensitivity to the angle of polarization plane rotation about 10^{-11} -10^{-12} rad allows one to measure an electron EDM with the sensitivity about 10^{-30} e cm.
description: 12 pages