cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Cooler and bigger than thought? Planetary host stellar parameters from the InfraRed Flux Method
Creators: name: Ramirez, Ivan
name: Melendez, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Effective temperatures and radii for 92 planet-hosting stars as determined from the InfraRed Flux Method (IRFM) are presented and compared with those given by other authors using different approaches. The IRFM temperatures we have derived are systematically lower than those determined from the spectroscopic condition of excitation equilibrium, the mean difference being as large as 110 K. They are, however, consistent with previous IRFM studies and with the colors derived from Kurucz and MARCS model atmospheres. Comparison with direct measurements of stellar diameters for 7 dwarf stars, which approximately cover the range of temperatures of the planet-hosting stars, suggest that the IRFM radii and temperatures are reliable in an absolute scale. A better understanding of the fundamental properties of the stars with planets will be achieved once this discrepancy between the IRFM and the spectroscopic temperature scales is resolved.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Is Environment Consciousness associated with Organic Consumption – A Revealed Preference Approach
Creators: name: Yoon, Sungeun
name: House, Lisa A.
name: Gao, Zhifeng
name: Grogan, Kelly A.
name: Mullally, Conner C.
name: Yoon, Sungeun
name: House, Lisa A.
name: Gao, Zhifeng
name: Grogan, Kelly A.
name: Mullally, Conner C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Presentation ID 16714
Insight into the screening of potential beta-lactamase inhibitors as anti-bacterial chemical agents through pharmacoinformatics study
Creators: name: Parida, Pratap
name: Shovonlal Bhowmick
name: Achintya Saha
name: Md Ataul Islam
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Drug resistance is an unsolved and major concern in the bacterial infection. Continuous development of drug-resistance to the antibiotics exponentially rises the danger of bacterial infections. Chemical components from the plants are becoming a major resource of potentially effective therapeutic chemical agents for the wide range of diseases including bacterial infections. In the current study, pharmacoinformatics methodologies were implemented on more than two hundred known phytochemicals to find promising beta-lactamase inhibitors for therapeutically effective anti-bacterial agents. Initially, the molecular docking-based score was used to reduce the chemical space of the selected dataset. Fourteen molecules were found to have more affinity towards the beta-lactamase in compared to the well-known anti-bacterial agent, Avibactam. Binding interactions analysis revealed the strong binding interactions between phytochemicals and catalytic amino residues. For further analysis, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, density functional theory (DFT) and in silico pharmacokinetics studies were performed. Parameters from MD simulations studies suggested that selected molecules are strong enough to retain in the active site in different orientations of the beta-lactamase. The orbital energies obtained from the DFT study was undoubtedly explained the potentiality of the selected compounds for being effective beta-lactamase inhibitors. The drug-likeness and acceptable pharmacokinetics parameters were observed using in silico ADME analysis. Therefore, observations from the multiple pharmacoinformatics approach explained without any doubt that selected molecules are potential enough being promising anti-bacterial compounds. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Temperature Dependence of Optical Spectra for the CDW Gap and Optical Phonons in BaBiO_3
Creators: name: Kim, Hyun-Tak
name: Minami, Hidetoshi
name: Uwe, Hiromoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the temperature dependence of the optical spectra for the CDW gap and optical phonons in a single crystal of BaBiO_3 and a film deposited by laser ablation. The integrated optical conductivity for optical phonons decreases rapidly with increasing temperature above 150 K, while the single-particle excitation across the CDW gap remains constant.
description: 3 pages, 5 figures, ISS'94
Steering magnonic dynamics and permeability at exceptional points in a parity-time symmetric waveguide
Creators: name: Wang, Xi-guang
name: Guo, Guang-hua
name: Berakdar, Jamal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tuning the low-energy magnetic dynamics is a key element in designing novel magnetic metamaterials, spintronic devices and magnonic logic circuits. This study uncovers a new, highly effective way of controlling the magnetic permeability via shaping the magnonic properties in coupled magnetic waveguides separated by current carrying spacer with strong spin-orbit coupling. The spin-orbit torques exerted on the waveguides leads to an externally tunable enhancement of magnetic damping in one waveguide and a decreased damping in the other, constituting so a magnetic parity-time (PT) symmetric system with emergent magnetic properties at the verge of the exceptional point where magnetic gains/losses are balanced. In addition to controlling the magnetic permeability, phenomena inherent to PT-symmetric systems are identified, including the control on magnon power oscillations, nonreciprocal magnon propagation, magnon trapping and enhancement as well as the increased sensitivity to magnetic perturbation and abrupt spin reversal. These predictions are demonstrated analytically and confirmed by full numerical simulations under experimentally feasible conditions. The position of the exceptional points and the strength of the spontaneous PT symmetry breaking can be tuned by external electric and/or magnetic fields. The roles of the intrinsic magnetic damping, and the possibility of an electric control via Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction are exposed and utilized for mode dispersion shaping and magnon amplification and trapping. The results point to a new route to designing optomagnonic waveguides, traps, sensors, and circuits.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures
Facial reconstruction after resection of masseter muscle sarcoma. A case report
Creators: name: Marcela Rojas Hurtado M.D.
name: José Luis Villarreal Salgado M.D.
name: Luis Armando Lopez Rico M.D.
name: Carlos Enrique Luna Guerrero M.D.
name: Claudia Verónica Elizabeth Vargas Hernández M.D.
name: Edgar Armando Morales F M.D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Background:

Sarcomas of the head and neck account for 2% of the tumors of this area, and represent 4% of all sarcomas. Their clinical manifestations are non-specific, being in many cases an incidentaloma. As prognostic factors the free surgical margins are postulated as the most important, emphasizing on the histological subtype, the degree of differentiation or size. The masticator apparatus is composed of a complex of bony, muscular, articular and ligamentous elements, in which the masseter muscle is included. The surgical treatment of malignant tumors of this region often requires extensive surgery. The following is a case report of resection of a sarcoma of the masseter muscle with fascio-cutaneous neck flap reconstruction.

 

Keywords: Head and neck reconstruction, sarcoma, fasciocutaneous flaps.
Curious properties of canonical divisors in weighted Bergman spaces
Creators: name: Aleman, Alexandru
name: Hedenmalm, Haakan
name: Richter, Stefan
name: Sundberg, Carl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30D60; 30H05; 31A05

description: We study properties of the weighted Bergman hernel on the unit disk. As we restrict to the subspace of all functions that vanish at a given point, we obtain the reproducing kernel for the subspace from the above weighted Bergman kernel via a simple formula. Division properties of this new kernel are studied.
description: 9 pages
A few little lies never hurt anyone. Right?” Unreliability and Power Relations in the novels Lolita by Vladimir Nabokov and Notes on a Scandal by Zoë Heller
Creators: name: Κοντογιαννάτου, Δήμητρα Σταύρου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2021
Subjects: Αναξιόπιστος Αφηγητής
Σχέσεις Εξουσίας
Πατριαρχία
Unreliable Narrator
Power Relations
Patriarchy

description: This thesis is a comparative study on the novels Lolita by Vladimir Nabokov and Notes on a Scandal by Zoë Heller. The main protagonists are examined, in pairs, in order to better understand the terms “victim” and “victimiser” and how one person can, according to their environment, be the one, the other or even both. The thesis provides an overview of the two novels and examines two main themes, the narrator’s unreliability, a literary device originally coined by Wayne Booth, and power relations, a theory introduced by Michel Foucault. In the first part of the thesis, with the help of the unreliable narrator’s literary device, it was examined how the narrators use their unreliability in order to hide their madness and obsessive behaviours from their readership and to legitimize the crime of pederasty. In the second part, with the help of the power relations theory, the relations between the main protagonists and the minors, as well as the rest of the characters, were examined and analyzed based on societal and gender based criteria, and this thesis proved that the power relations the victimisers form differ because of their place in the patriarchal society.
description: Η εργασία αυτή πρόκειται για μια συγκριτική μελέτη των μυθιστορημάτων Lolita του Vladimir Nabokov και Notes on a Scandal της Zoë Heller. Οι κύριοι πρωταγωνιστές των έργων θα αναλυθούν σε ζεύγη, έτσι ώστε να δοθεί ένας πιο διορατικός ορισμός στους όρους «θύμα» και «θύτης» και να γίνει κατανοητό πώς ένα άτομο, σύμφωνα με τις καταστάσεις που βιώνει, μπορεί να υπάρξει είτε το πρώτο, είτε το δεύτερο, είτε και τα δύο. Η εργασία παρουσιάζει μια γενικευμένη περίληψη των δύο έργων και εξετάζει δύο κεντρικές ιδέες, δηλαδή την αναξιοπιστία του αφηγητή, όρος που επινοήθηκε από τον Wayne Booth, και τις σχέσεις εξουσίας, μια θεωρία του Michel Foucault. Στο πρώτο κεφάλαιο της εργασίας, με την βοήθεια της λογοτεχνικής θεωρίας περί αναξιοπιστίας του αφηγητή, εξετάστηκε το πώς οι αφηγητές χρησιμοποιούν την αναξιοπιστία τους για να κρύψουν την τρέλα και τις εμμονικές τους συμπεριφορές από τους αναγνώστες, αλλά και για να δικαιολογήσουν το έγκλημα της παιδοφιλίας. Στο δεύτερο κεφάλαιο, με την βοήθεια της θεωρίας περί 3 σχέσεων εξουσίας, εξετάστηκαν και αναλύθηκαν οι σχέσεις που διαμορφώνουν οι πρωταγωνιστές με τους ανήλικους, αλλά και με τους λοιπούς χαρακτήρες, βάσει κοινωνικών και έμφυλων κριτηρίων, κι αποδείχτηκε ότι οι σχέσεις εξουσίας που δημιουργούν οι θύτες δεν είναι ίδιες λόγω της θέσης που κατέχουν οι ίδιοι στην πατριαρχική κοινωνία.
Multi-Product Firms, Multi-Category Purchase, and Firm-Level Standards on Food Product Attributes Linked to Farm Practices
Creators: name: Lee, Hanbin
name: Sumner, Daniel A.
name: Lee, Hanbin
name: Sumner, Daniel A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Presentation ID 15652
Flow of Spatiotemporal Turbulentlike Random Fields
Creators: name: Reneuve, Jason
name: Chevillard, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Lagrangian trajectories of statistically isotropic, homogeneous, and stationary divergence free spatiotemporal random vector fields. We design this advecting Eulerian velocity field such that it gets asymptotically rough and multifractal, both in space and time, as it is demanded by the phenomenology of turbulence at infinite Reynolds numbers. We then solve numerically the flow equations for a differentiable version of this field. We observe that trajectories get also rough, characterized by nearly the same Hurst exponent as the one of our prescribed advecting field. Moreover, even when considering the simplest situation of the advection by a fractional Gaussian field, we evidence in the Lagrangian framework additional intermittent corrections. The present approach involves properly defined random fields, and asks for a rigorous treatment that would explain our numerical findings and deepen our understanding of this long lasting problem.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, Supplemental Material (7 pages, 3 figures)
Is Cosmic Speed-Up Due to New Gravitational Physics?
Creators: name: Carroll, Sean M.
name: Duvvuri, Vikram
name: Trodden, Mark
name: Turner, Michael S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that cosmic acceleration can arise due to very tiny corrections to the usual gravitational action of General Relativity of the form $R^n$, with $n<0$. This eliminates the need for dark energy, though it does not address the cosmological constant problem. Since a modification to the Einstein-Hilbert action of the form $R^n$, with $n>0$, can lead to early-time inflation, our proposal provides a unified and purely gravitational origin for the early and late time accelerating phases of the Universe.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, RevTeX. Typos corrected, references updated
A New Analogue of Islet Neogenesis Associated Protein with Higher Structural and Plasma Stability
Creators: name: Lynn, Soledad
name: Yanis Ricardo Espinosa
name: Diambra, Luis
name: McCarthy, Andrés Norman
name: Liping, Liu
name: Ru, Bai
name: Román, Carolina Lisi
name: Maiztegui, Barbara
name: Flores, Luis Emilio
name: Gagliardino, Juan José
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Background: INGAP-PP (Islet Neogenesis Associated Protein pentadecapeptide) increases β-cell mass and function in experimental animals. A short clinical trial also yielded promising results. However, HTD4010, a new peptide derived from INGAP-PP, was developed in order to optimize its specific effects by minimizing its side effects. Aim: To study and compare the tertiary structure, stability dynamics, and plasma stability of HTD4010, an INGAP-PP analogue. Methodology: Both peptides were pre-incubated in human, rat and mouse plasma at 37 °C, and their presence was identified and quantified by high performance liquid chromatography at different time-points. GROMACS 2019 package and the Gromos 54A7 force field were used to evaluate overall correlated motion of the peptide molecule during molecular dynamics simulation by essential dynamics. Results: HTD4010 exhibited significantly larger plasma stability than INGAP-PP, and its structural stability was almost 3.36-fold higher than INGAP-PP. Conclusions: These results suggest that HTD4010 may facilitate longer tissue interaction, thereby developing higher potential biological effects. If so, HTD4010 may become a promising therapeutic agent to treat people with diabetes.
title: The development of a continuous reactor for the acid hydrolysis of cellulose and its application to refuse disposal
Creators: name: Franzidis, Jean-Paul
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1983

description: Refuse disposal in metropolitan areas is becoming increasingly difficult and expensive as ever-greater volumes of waste need to be transported to increasingly remote landfill sites. Acid hydrolysis offers an attractive alternative means of disposal, by aiming to convert the cellulose in the waste to glucose, for fermentation to ethanol. Recent research into the hydrolysis of cellulose at elevated temperatures and short reaction times has shown that high yields of glucose may be obtained: but experimental work with refuse has been lacking. This work describes the development of a continuous reactor for carrying out the hydrolysis of refuse under the conditions required for the determination of reaction rate data. An existing rig was modified through a series of preliminary experiments: after this, detailed testwork was carried out with filter paper, newsprint and air-classified lights of municipal refuse as cellulosic substrates, as well as pure glucose, to investigate the decomposition reaction. High yields of glucose were obtained from experiments with newsprint and refuse, and the kinetic parameters derived were compared with those of previous researchers. The data obtained from the hydrolysis of the refuse sample was used-to draw up a preliminary design of a 500 tonne/day plant to treat the air- classified light fraction of municipal refuse. The initial capital investment was estimated to be f8.1 million, and under present market conditions, it was shown to be advantageous to convert the cellulosic fraction of refuse into ethanol rather than RDF pellets. A rough estimate of a complete process to produce ethanol from untreated refuse indicated that considerable savings in overall disposal costs could be made, compared with disposing of the waste in the usual way, by landfilling after shredding or pulverisation.
German consumers’ preference and planned behavior for animal welfare labelled cured ham: An integrated latent choice model
Creators: name: Yeh, Ching-Hua
name: Hartmann, Monika
name: Yeh, Ching-Hua
name: Hartmann, Monika
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Presentation ID 16627
title: 02_1001
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Nonlinear properties of left-handed metamaterials
Creators: name: Zharov, Alexander A.
name: Shadrivov, Ilya V.
name: Kivshar, Yuri S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze nonlinear properties of microstructured materials with negative refraction, the so-called left-handed metamaterials. We consider a two-dimensional periodic structure created by arrays of wires and split-ring resonators embedded into a nonlinear dielectric, and calculate the effective nonlinear electric permittivity and magnetic permeability. We demonstrate that the hysteresis-type dependence of the magnetic permeability on the field intensity allows changing the material from left- to right-handed and back. These effects can be treated as the second-order phase transitions in the transmission properties induced by the variation of an external field.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
In silico identification and evaluation of Bacillus subtilis cold shock protein B (cspB)-like plant RNA chaperones
Creators: name: , Suman
name: Chaudhary, Meenakshi
name: Vikrant Nain
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Cold shock domain (CSD) proteins with nucleic acid binding properties are well conserved from bacteria to higher organisms. In bacteria, the cold shock proteins (CSPs) are single domain RNA chaperones, whereas in animals and plants, CSDs are accompanied by additional domains with roles in transcription regulation. Bacterial CSPs (Escherischia coli-cspA and Bacilus subtilis-cspB) have successfully imparted drought tolerance in transgenic plants; however, these cannot be deployed in food crops due to their low public acceptance of transgenics with bacterial genes. Therefore, this study aimed to identify CSPB-like proteins from plants that can be used for developing drought tolerant transgenic crops. Twelve single domain plant CSPs presenting >40% sequence identity with CSPB were identified. All 12 plant CSPs were modeled by homology modeling and refined by molecular dynamics simulation for 10 ns. Selected plant CSPs and CSPB exhibited high structural similarity (Tm-score: 0.63–0.86). Structure based phylogenetic analysis revealed that Triticum aestivum-csp1 and Aegilops tauschii-cspE are structurally closer to CSPB compared to their orthologs and paralogs. Molecular docking with three RNA molecules (5U, UC3U, and C2UC) indicates that Ricinus communis-csd1 and T. aestivum-csp1 have a binding pattern and docking scores similar to those of CSPB. Furthermore, MD simulations for 20 ns and analysis of RMSD, RMSF, Rg as well as the number of hydrogen bonds in all the three complexes revealed that plant CSP-RNA complexes behave in a similar manner to that of the CSPB-RNA complex, making them highly potential candidate genes for developing drought tolerance in transgenic plants. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Calculated spin-orbit splitting of all diamond-like and zinc-blende semiconductors: Effects of p1/2 local orbitals and chemical trends
Creators: name: Carrier, Pierre
name: Wei, Su-Huai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: e have calculated the spin-orbit (SO) splitting $Δ_{SO}=ε(Γ_{8v}) - ε(Γ_{7v})$ for all diamond-like group IV and zinc-blende group III-V, II-VI, and I-VII semiconductors using the full potential linearized augmented plane wave method within the local density approximation. The SO coupling is included using the second variation procedure, including the $p_{1/2}$ local orbitals. The calculated SO splittings are in very good agreement with available experimental data. The corrections due to the inclusion of the $p_{1/2}$ local orbital are negligible for lighter atoms, but can be as large as $\sim$250 meV for 6$p$ anions. We find that (i) the SO splittings increase monotonically when anion atomic number increases; (ii) the SO splittings increase with the cation atomic number when the compound is more covalent such as in most III-V compounds; (iii) the SO splittings decrease with the cation atomic number when the compound is more ionic, such as in II-VI and the III-nitride compounds; (iv) the common-anion rule, which states that the variation of $Δ_{SO}$ is small for common-anion systems, is usually obeyed, especially for ionic systems, but can break down if the compounds contain second-row elements such as BSb;(v) for IB-VII compounds, the $Δ_{SO}$ is small and in many cases negative and it does not follow the rules discussed above. These trends are explained in terms of atomic SO splitting, volume deformation-induced charge renormalization, and cation-anion $p$--$d$ couplings.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, 4 tables; version resubmitted to Physical Review B. The IB-VII compounds have been added to the analysis, from the first version
Dairy markets and child nutrition in the developing world
Creators: name: Headey, Derek
name: Martin, William J.
name: Laborde, David
name: Headey, Derek
name: Martin, William J.
name: Laborde, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Dairy
subject: milk
subject: undernutrition
subject: stunting
subject: Dairy Production
subject: Trade
subject: Prices

description: Dairy is an exceptionally nutrient-dense food of immense importance to healthy growth in early childhood. However, dairy consumption among young children is strikingly low in many parts of Africa and Asia. This paper attempts to explain this puzzle, focusing on the obvious roles of income/wealth and prices, and the less well understood roles of lactose intolerance, cattle ownership, nutritional knowledge, water quality, and refrigeration. We find evidence suggesting that all of these factors might account for differences in dairy consumption across countries, although the disparity in dairy prices between low and high consumption countries is particularly large and puzzling, given the tradability and relative affordability of powdered milk. We therefore develop a novel trade analysis to understand why dairy prices are so high, especially relative to staple cereals, and illustrate how comparative (dis)advantage in dairy is often poorly aligned with pricing policies. We conclude the paper by highlighting unresolved research questions in this complex puzzle, including the need to learn from countries that have been able to drastically improve dairy consumption, including those with little tradition of dairy consumption such as Thailand and Vietnam.
QCD Axion Window and False Vacuum Higgs Inflation
Creators: name: Matsui, Hiroki
name: Takahashi, Fuminobu
name: Yin, Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The abundance of the QCD axion is known to be suppressed if the Hubble parameter during inflation, $H_{\rm inf}$, is lower than the QCD scale, and if the inflation lasts sufficiently long. We show that the tight upper bound on the inflation scale can be significantly relaxed if the eternal old inflation is driven by the standard-model Higgs field trapped in a false vacuum at large field values. Specifically, $H_{\rm inf}$ can be larger than $100\,$GeV if the false vacuum is located above the intermediate scale. We also discuss the slow-roll inflation after the tunneling from the false vacuum to the electroweak vacuum.
description: 31 pages, 4 figures
Μελέτη της καταστατικής εξίσωσης της πυρηνικής ύλης και εφαρμογές σε στατικούς και γρήγορα περιστρεφόμενους αστέρες νετρονίων
Creators: name: Μαργαρίτης, Χρυσοβαλάντης Σ.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2021
Subjects: Πυρηνική αστροφυσική
Αστέρες νετρονίων
Πυρηνική καταστατική εξίσωση
Nuclear astrophysics
Neutron stars
Nuclear equation of state

description: Στην παρούσα διατριβή κάνουμε μια προσπάθεια να μελετήσουμε τη συμπεριφορά της καταστατικής εξίσωσης (ΚΕ) των αστέρων νετρονίων αξιοποιώντας διάφορα πυρηνικά μοντέλα, συγκρίνοντας τις ΚΕς που προκύπτουν από αυτά. Για το σκοπό αυτό εισάγουμε περιορισμούς στην ΚΕ μέσα από διάφορα φυσικά μεγέθη και επεκτείνουμε την επίδραση πάνω στα τελευταία όχι μόνο για στατικούς αλλά και για αστέρες νετρονίων που βρίσκονται στην ακολουθία Κέπλερ (δηλαδή οι οποίοι περιστρέφονται με τη μέγιστη επιτρεπόμενη γωνιακή ταχύτητα). Ταυτόχρονα εξετάζουμε την περιοχή ανάμεσα στο φλοιό και τον εξωτερικό πυρήνα (χαμηλές πυκνότητες) με εφαρμογή σε θέματα αστροφυσικής, που αφορούν τους αστέρες νετρονίων, ενώ η μελέτη μας για το άνω όριο που πρέπει να έχει η ταχύτητα του ήχου γίνεται κύρια μέσω κατάλληλης παραμετροποίησης ώστε να βγουν συμπεράσματα για την ΚΕ στις υψηλές πυκνότητες (μεγαλύτερες της πυρηνικής πυκνότητας κορεσμού). Τέλος, επεκτείνουμε τη δουλειά γύρω από την περιοχή πυρήνα-φλοιού με τη μελέτη των επιδράσεων που προκαλούν όροι ανώτερης τάξης του αναπτύγματος της ενέργειας στις τιμές της πυκνότητας μετάβασης και της αντίστοιχης πίεσης. Στη συνέχεια εξετάζουμε πως αυτά τα αποτελέσματα με τη σειρά τους επηρεάζουν ιδιότητες στατικών και αργά περιστρεφόμενων αστέρων νετρονίων.
description: In the present dissertation we study the behavior of the equation of state (EoS) of neutron stars by employing various nuclear models and comparing the EoSs that we produce from them. For this purpose we introduce constraints on the EoS through various physical quantities and explore the effects upon the latter ones not only for static cases of neutron stars but also for those in the Keplerian sequence (maximally rotating cases). At the same time, we examine the area between the crust and the core (low densities) and use our results on astrophysical applications. Our study for the upper bound of the speed of sound is achieved through the maximum mass configuration (for different parameterizations of nuclear models) in order to explore the high density part of the EoS (for densities beyond the nuclear saturation density). Finally, we expand our work around the crust-core interface by studying the higher order effects of the expansion terms of the energy on the transition density and the corresponding pressure. Furthermore, we examine the effects of our results on various properties of static and slowly rotating neutron stars.
First evidence of luminescence in a He/CF$_4$ gas mixture induced by non-ionizing electrons
Creators: name: Baracchini, E.
name: Benussi, L.
name: Bianco, S.
name: Capoccia, C.
name: Caponero, M.
name: Cavoto, G.
name: Cortez, A.
name: Costa, I. A.
name: Di Marco, E.
name: D'Imperio, G.
name: Dho, G.
name: Iacoangeli, F.
name: Maccarrone, G.
name: Marafini, M.
name: Mazzitelli, G.
name: Messina, A.
name: Orlandi, A.
name: Paoletti, E.
name: Passamonti, L.
name: Petrucci, F.
name: Piccolo, D.
name: Pierluigi, D.
name: Pinci, D.
name: Renga, F.
name: Rosatelli, F.
name: Russo, A.
name: Saviano, G.
name: Tomassini, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical readout of Gas Electron Multipliers (GEM) provides very interesting performances and has been proposed for different applications in particle physics. In particular, thanks to its good efficiency in the keV energy range, it is being developed for low-energy and rare event studies, such as Dark Matter search. So far, the optical approach exploits the light produced during the avalanche processes in GEM channels. Further luminescence in the gas can be induced by electrons accelerated by a suitable electric field. The CYGNO collaboration studied this process with a combined use of a triple-GEM structure and a grid in an He/CF$_4$ (60/40) gas mixture at atmospheric pressure. Results reported in this paper allow to conclude that with an electric field of about 11~kV/cm a photon production mean free path of about 1.0~cm was found.
Rural food markets and child nutrition
Creators: name: Headey, Derek
name: Hirvonen, Kalle
name: Hoddinott, John
name: Stifel, David
name: Headey, Derek
name: Hirvonen, Kalle
name: Hoddinott, John
name: Stifel, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: food markets
subject: child nutrition
subject: diet diversity
subject: Ethiopia

description: Child dietary diversity is poor in much of rural Africa and developing Asia, prompting significant efforts to leverage agriculture to improve diets. However, growing recognition that even very poor rural households rely on markets to satisfy their demand for nutrient-rich non-staple foods warrants a much better understanding of how rural markets vary in their diversity, competitiveness, frequency and food affordability, and how such characteristics are associated with diets. This paper addresses these questions using data from rural Ethiopia. Deploying a novel market survey in conjunction with an information-rich household survey, we find that children in proximity to markets that sell more non-staple food groups have more diverse diets. However, the association is small in absolute terms; moving from three non-staple food groups in the market to six is associated with an increase the number of non-staple food groups consumed by ~0.24 and the likelihood of consumption of any non-staple food group by 12 percentage points. These associations are similar in magnitude to those describing the relationship between dietary diversity and household production diversity; moreover, for some products, notably dairy, we find that household and community production diversity is especially important. These modest associations may reflect several specific features of our sample which is situated in very poor, food-insecure localities where even the relatively better off are poor in absolute terms and where, by international standards, prices for non-staple foods are very high.
Exploring the potency of currently used drugs against HIV-1 protease of subtype D variant by using multiscale simulations
Creators: name: Md Fulbabu Sk
name: Rajarshi Roy
name: Kar, Parimal
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), type 1 and 2. Further, the diversity in HIV-1 has given rise to many serotypes and recombinant strains. The currently used protease inhibitors have been developed for subtype B, although non-B subtype strains account for ∼90% of the global HIV infections. Subtype D is spreading rapidly and infecting a large population in North Africa and the Middle East. In the current study, molecular dynamics simulations in conjunction with the molecular mechanics/Poisson-Boltzmann surface area (MM-PBSA) scheme was used to investigate the potency of four drugs, namely atazanavir (ATV), darunavir (DRV), lopinavir (LPV) and tipranavir (TPV) against the subtype D variant. Our calculations predicted that the potency of the inhibitors decreased in the order TPV > ATV > DRV > LPV. TPV was found to be the most potent against subtype D due to an increase in van der Waals and electrostatic interactions and reduction in the desolvation energy compared to other inhibitors. This result is further supported by the hydrogen bond interactions between inhibitors and protease. Furthermore, our analyses suggested that the binding of TPV induced a more closed conformation of the flap compared to apo or other complexes. It was observed that TPV/PRD has a lower cavity volume relative to the other three complexes leading to a tighter binding. The open conformation of the flap was observed for LPV/PRD. We expect that this study might be useful for designing more potent inhibitors against HIV-1 subtype D.
Stenobasipteron gracile Lichtwardt 1910
Creators: name: Barraclough, David A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Nemestrinidae
Stenobasipteron
Stenobasipteron gracile

description: Stenobasipteron gracile
(Fig. 2)
 Stenobasipteron gracile Lichtwardt, 1910: 615.
 Syntype ♂: ZIMBABWE: Co­ / type [circular card, yellow perimeter]; Stenobasipteron / gracile ♂ / det. Lichtwardt Lichtw; Mashonaland / Mazoe. / Dec. 1905. / G.A.K. Marshall / 1907­107; SYN­ / TYPE [circular card, blue perimeter]; SYNTYPE of / Stenobasipteron / gracile Lichtwardt / det. J. E. Chainey, 1999. In good condition (in BMNH).
 Discussion: I have examined the male syntype from Mazoe; the female syntype from the same locality is also deposited in BMNH. Relationships with the two other species now included in Stenobasipteron can be inferred from the species key (above) and from my discussion under S. arnoldi and S. difficile.
 S. gracile is a relatively pallid species. The costa of the male has a moderately developed anterior flexure, which is much less prominent than in S. wiedemanni. Unlike S. wiedemanni there is no bulla in the first basal cell of the wing.
description: Published as part of Barraclough, David A., 2005, A review of the type material of the Southern African genus Stenobasipteron Lichtwardt, 1910 (Diptera: Nemestrinidae), with transfer of two species to Prosoeca Schiner, 1867, pp. 41-51 in Zootaxa 1094 (1) on page 47, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1094.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/5051350
Beyond the IRB: Towards a typology of research ethics in applied economics
Creators: name: Michler, Jeffrey D.
name: Masters, William A.
name: Josephson, Anna
name: Michler, Jeffrey D.
name: Masters, William A.
name: Josephson, Anna
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: Ethics
subject: Scientific Misconduct
subject: Research Practice
subject: Research Misconduct
subject: Role of Economists

description: Conversations about ethics often appeal to those responsible for the ethical behavior, encouraging adoption of “better,” more ethical conduct. In this paper, we consider an alternative frame: a typology of ethical misconduct, focusing on who are the victims of various types of unethical behavior. The typology is constructed around 1) who may be harmed and 2) by what mechanism an individual or party is harmed. Building a typology helps to identify times in the life cycle of a research idea where differences exist between who is potentially harmed and who the existing ethical norms protect. We discuss ethical practices including IRB approvals, which focuses almost entirely on risks to subjects; pre-analysis plans and conflict of interest disclosures, which encourage transparency so as to not mislead editors, reviewers, and readers; and self-plagiarism, which has become increasing common as authors slice their research ever more thinly, causing congestion in journals at the expense of others.
Smart Inventory Management System for Photovoltaic-Powered Freezer Using Wireless Sensor Network
Creators: name: Basa, Janus Jade A.
name: Cu, Patrick Lourenz G.
name: Malabag, Nathaniel N.
name: Naag, Luigi Angelo V.
name: Abacco, Dan Frederico P.
name: Siquihod, Mar Jun M.
name: Madrigal, Gilfred Allen
name: Tolentino, Lean Karlo S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: An inventory management system for the freezer powered by photovoltaic panels was developed in this study. It aims to promote energy efficiency and the responsible use of food. Its sensor network is an Arduino-based wireless network of sensors on a solar-powered freezer that is used to develop a smart inventory management system that is accessible and is easy to use. By having network of sensors implemented inside the freezer, the inventory of perishable and non-perishable items can easily be monitored without having to physically check the inside of the freezer. In connection with this, a complemental Android application was developed that would receive and display the data sent from the sensor network through GSM Shield SIM800L.
What do you mean by ‘informed consent’? Household survey ethics in development research
Creators: name: Josephson, Anna
name: Smale, Melinda
name: Josephson, Anna
name: Smale, Melinda
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: ethics
subject: informed consent
subject: institutional review board
subject: household survey
subject: role of economists

description: The ethical conduct of research depends on the informed consent of research participants. Across North America, Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) attempt to guarantee that ethical standards are met and that researchers are familiar with the process of obtaining informed consent. However, incongruities exist across regions, particularly in the developing world. In this paper, we consider informed consent, as practiced by agricultural and applied economists. We examine informed consent material on IRB websites of land grant universities in the United States, as well as at the centers of the CGIAR. We also undertake a survey of researchers at universities to evaluate actual practice of informed consent practices. IRB regulations are clear but heterogeneous, with some universities and CGIAR centers without any ethical review process. Standards often emphasize process, rather than outcome. The lack of IRBs in some contexts and the particulars of the principles employed may fail to protect research participants.
Assessment of the hypoglycemic effect of Bixin in alloxan-induced diabetic rats: in vivo and in silico studies
Creators: name: Keita, Hady
name: Cleydson Breno Rodrigues Dos Santos
name: Matheus Mercês Ramos
name: Padilha, Elias Carvalho
name: Serafim, Rodolfo Bortolozo
name: Castro, Andres Navarrete
name: Amado, Jesus Rafael Rodriguez
name: Da Silva, Gabriel Monteiro
name: Irlon Maciel Ferreira
name: Giuliatti, Silvana
name: Carvalho, José Carlos Tavares
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer

description: The objectives of this study were to extract and purify Bixin from the seeds of Bixa orellana and to evaluate its hypoglycemic activity in vivo, as well as, to conduct an in silico study of selectivity on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors via molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. Oral administration of Bixin (10 mg/kg) significantly reduced their glucose level that was alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Bixin showed in silico selectivity on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), particularly by the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), which supports the hypoglycemic activity of Bixin. From the results obtained, it can be inferred that Bixin presents hypoglycemic characteristics, which was confirmed by the results obtained from the in vivo and in silico tests. Bixin may act by other pathways to control blood glucose and thus it is possible that it presents a different toxicity profile than troglitazone, rosiglitazone and pioglitazone. However, more studies on the activity and toxicity of Bixin are needed to evaluate for further clinical use. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Quantum dialogue
Creators: name: An, Nguyen Ba
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an entanglement-based protocol for two people to simultaneously exchange their messages. We show that the protocol is asymptotically secure against the disturbance attack, the intercept-and-resend attack and the entangle-and-measure attack. Our protocol is experimentally feasible within current technologies.
description: 4 pages, Revtex4
LESS is More: Rethinking Probabilistic Models of Human Behavior
Creators: name: Bobu, Andreea
name: Scobee, Dexter R. R.
name: Fisac, Jaime F.
name: Sastry, S. Shankar
name: Dragan, Anca D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Robots need models of human behavior for both inferring human goals and preferences, and predicting what people will do. A common model is the Boltzmann noisily-rational decision model, which assumes people approximately optimize a reward function and choose trajectories in proportion to their exponentiated reward. While this model has been successful in a variety of robotics domains, its roots lie in econometrics, and in modeling decisions among different discrete options, each with its own utility or reward. In contrast, human trajectories lie in a continuous space, with continuous-valued features that influence the reward function. We propose that it is time to rethink the Boltzmann model, and design it from the ground up to operate over such trajectory spaces. We introduce a model that explicitly accounts for distances between trajectories, rather than only their rewards. Rather than each trajectory affecting the decision independently, similar trajectories now affect the decision together. We start by showing that our model better explains human behavior in a user study. We then analyze the implications this has for robot inference, first in toy environments where we have ground truth and find more accurate inference, and finally for a 7DOF robot arm learning from user demonstrations.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures