cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
KamLAND neutrino spectra in energy and time: Indications for reactor power variations and constraints on the georeactor
Creators: name: Fogli, G. L.
name: Lisi, E.
name: Palazzo, A.
name: Rotunno, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Kamioka Liquid scintillator Anti-Neutrino Detector (KamLAND) is sensitive to the neutrino event spectrum from (mainly Japanese) nuclear reactors in both the energy domain and the time domain. While the energy spectrum of KamLAND events allows the determination of the neutrino oscillation parameters, the time spectrum can be used to monitor known and unknown neutrino sources. By using available monthly-binned data on event-by-event energies in KamLAND and on reactor powers in Japan, we perform a likelihood analysis of the neutrino event spectra in energy and time, and find significant indications in favor of time variations of the known reactor sources, as compared with the hypothetical case of constant reactor neutrino flux. We also find that the KamLAND data place interesting upper limits on the power of a speculative nuclear reactor operating in the Earth's core (the so-called georeactor); such limits are strengthened by including solar neutrino constraints on the neutrino mass and mixing parameters. Our results corroborate the standard interpretation of the KamLAND signal as due to oscillating neutrinos from known reactor sources.
description: 22 pages, including 9 figures
Decoding the structure of the WWW: facts versus sampling biases
Creators: name: Serrano, M. Angeles
name: Maguitman, Ana
name: Boguna, Marian
name: Fortunato, Santo
name: Vespignani, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: H.4.m; G.3

description: The understanding of the immense and intricate topological structure of the World Wide Web (WWW) is a major scientific and technological challenge. This has been tackled recently by characterizing the properties of its representative graphs in which vertices and directed edges are identified with web-pages and hyperlinks, respectively. Data gathered in large scale crawls have been analyzed by several groups resulting in a general picture of the WWW that encompasses many of the complex properties typical of rapidly evolving networks. In this paper, we report a detailed statistical analysis of the topological properties of four different WWW graphs obtained with different crawlers. We find that, despite the very large size of the samples, the statistical measures characterizing these graphs differ quantitatively, and in some cases qualitatively, depending on the domain analyzed and the crawl used for gathering the data. This spurs the issue of the presence of sampling biases and structural differences of Web crawls that might induce properties not representative of the actual global underlying graph. In order to provide a more accurate characterization of the Web graph and identify observables which are clearly discriminating with respect to the sampling process, we study the behavior of degree-degree correlation functions and the statistics of reciprocal connections. The latter appears to enclose the relevant correlations of the WWW graph and carry most of the topological information of theWeb. The analysis of this quantity is also of major interest in relation to the navigability and searchability of the Web.
description: 10 pages 19 figures. Values in Table 2 and Figure 1 corrected. Figure 7 updated. Minor changes in the text
Stupperich, Martin, Stupperich, Amrei, Ohlemacher: Zweitausend Jahre Christentum
Creators: name: Vo.
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 34 Nr. 2 (1985): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 34, Heft 2
A low-cost time-hopping impulse radio system for high data rate transmission
Creators: name: Molisch, Andreas F.
name: Li, Ye Geoffrey
name: Nakache, Yves-Paul
name: Orlik, Philip
name: Miyake, Makoto
name: Wu, Yunnan
name: Gezici, Sinan
name: Sheng, Harry
name: Kung, S. Y.
name: Kobayashi, H.
name: Poor, H. Vincent
name: Haimovich, Alexander
name: Zhang, Jinyun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present an efficient, low-cost implementation of time-hopping impulse radio that fulfills the spectral mask mandated by the FCC and is suitable for high-data-rate, short-range communications. Key features are: (i) all-baseband implementation that obviates the need for passband components, (ii) symbol-rate (not chip rate) sampling, A/D conversion, and digital signal processing, (iii) fast acquisition due to novel search algorithms, (iv) spectral shaping that can be adapted to accommodate different spectrum regulations and interference environments. Computer simulations show that this system can provide 110Mbit/s at 7-10m distance, as well as higher data rates at shorter distances under FCC emissions limits. Due to the spreading concept of time-hopping impulse radio, the system can sustain multiple simultaneous users, and can suppress narrowband interference effectively.
description: To appear in EURASIP Journal on Applied Signal Processing (Special Issue on UWB - State of the Art)
How important are the residual nonadiabatic couplings for an accurate simulation of nonadiabatic quantum dynamics in a quasidiabatic representation?
Creators: name: Choi, Seonghoon
name: Vaníček, Jiří
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diabatization of the molecular Hamiltonian is a standard approach to removing the singularities of nonadiabatic couplings at conical intersections of adiabatic potential energy surfaces. In general, it is impossible to eliminate the nonadiabatic couplings entirely -- the resulting "quasidiabatic" states are still coupled by smaller but nonvanishing residual nonadiabatic couplings, which are typically neglected. Here, we propose a general method for assessing the validity of this potentially drastic approximation by comparing quantum dynamics simulated either with or without the residual couplings. To make the numerical errors negligible to the errors due to neglecting the residual couplings, we use the highly accurate and general eighth-order composition of the implicit midpoint method. The usefulness of the proposed method is demonstrated on nonadiabatic simulations in the cubic Jahn--Teller model of nitrogen trioxide and in the induced Renner--Teller model of hydrogen cyanide. We find that, depending on the system, initial state, and employed quasidiabatization scheme, neglecting the residual couplings can result in wrong dynamics. In contrast, simulations with the exact quasidiabatic Hamiltonian, which contains the residual couplings, always yield accurate results.
description: Improved the main text. Added Eqs. (10) and (31)
Towards A Simple and Efficient VDTN Routing Protocol for Data Collection in Smart Cities
Creators: name: Er, Ngurah Indra
name: Singh, Kamal Deep
name: Couturier, Christophe
name: Bonnin, Jean-Marie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.2.2

description: Smart cities today can utilize Vehicular Delay Tolerant Networks (VDTN) to collect data from connected-objects in the environment for various delay-tolerant applications. They can take advantage of the available Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) infrastructures to deliver data to the central server. The system can also exploit multiple and diverse mobility patterns found in cities, such as privately owned cars, taxis, public buses, and trams, along with their Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communications capabilities. In the envisioned convergence between the ITS and V2X, we believe that a simple and efficient routing protocol can be deployed for the delay-tolerant data delivery, contrary to the implementation of optimized solutions that might be resource-demanding and difficult to standardize. In this paper, we analyzed the performances of four baseline VDTN routing protocols, namely: Direct Delivery, First Contact, Epidemic, and Spray & Wait, to understand their strengths and weaknesses. Our simulation results highlighted the trade-off between distinct approaches used by those protocols and pointed out some gaps that can be refined. This study provides new interesting ideas and arguments towards developing a simple, efficient, and high-performing routing protocol for data collection in smart cities.
description: 17 pages, latex; single column version; revised introduction
Direct determination of supermassive black hole properties with gravitational-wave radiation from surrounding stellar-mass black hole binaries
Creators: name: Yu, Hang
name: Chen, Yanbei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A significant number of stellar-mass black-hole (BH) binaries may merge in galactic nuclei or in the surrounding gas disks. With purposed space-borne gravitational-wave observatories, we may use such a binary as a signal carrier to probe modulations induced by a central supermassive BH (SMBH), which further allows us to place constraints on the SMBH's properties. We show in particular the de Sitter precession of the inner stellar-mass binary's orbital angular momentum (AM) around the AM of the outer orbit will be detectable if the precession period is comparable to the duration of observation, typically a few years. Once detected, the precession can be combined with the Doppler shift arising from the outer orbital motion to determine the mass of the SMBH and the outer orbital separation individually and each with percent-level accuracy. If we further assume a joint detection by space-borne and ground-based detectors, the detectability threshold could be extended to a precession period of ~100 yr.
description: 5 pages (main text excluding references), 5 figures; accepted for publication in PRL
TrAISformer -- A Transformer Network with Sparse Augmented Data Representation and Cross Entropy Loss for AIS-based Vessel Trajectory Prediction
Creators: name: Nguyen, Duong
name: Fablet, Ronan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Vessel trajectory prediction plays a pivotal role in numerous maritime applications and services. While the Automatic Identification System (AIS) offers a rich source of information to address this task, forecasting vessel trajectory using AIS data remains challenging, even for modern machine learning techniques, because of the inherent heterogeneous and multimodal nature of motion data. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to tackle these challenges. We introduce a discrete, high-dimensional representation of AIS data and a new loss function designed to explicitly address heterogeneity and multimodality. The proposed model-referred to as TrAISformer-is a modified transformer network that extracts long-term temporal patterns in AIS vessel trajectories in the proposed enriched space to forecast the positions of vessels several hours ahead. We report experimental results on real, publicly available AIS data. TrAISformer significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods, with an average prediction performance below 10 nautical miles up to ~10 hours.
Staggered spin Hall conductivity
Creators: name: Xue, Fei
name: Haney, Paul M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The intrinsic spin Hall effect plays an important role in spintronics applications, such as spin-orbit torque-based memory. The bulk space group symmetry determines the form of the bulk spin current conductivity tensor. This paper considers materials for which the local point group symmetry of individual atoms is lower than the global (bulk) symmetry. This enables a position-dependent spin current response, with additional tensor components allowed relative to the bulk response. We present a general method to compute the position-dependent intrinsic spin Hall conductivity, with similar computational effort relative to computing the bulk spin Hall conductivity. We also present the general symmetry-constrained form of the position-dependent spin current response. We apply this method to 1T'-WTe$_2$, which exhibits a conventional spin Hall conductivity tensor component $σ^y_{xz}$ and a staggered unconventional component $σ^z_{xz}$. The magnitude of these two components, around 100 and 20 $(\rm Ω\cdot cm)^{-1}$, respectively, are comparable to the spin-orbit torque exerted on adjacent ferromagnets in experiments. We then consider orthorhombic PbTe, in which both uniform and staggered spin current conductivity are one order of magnitude larger.
description: Main text: 7 pages, 7 figures. Comments are welcome
Clustering performance analysis using a new correlation-based cluster validity index
Creators: name: Wiroonsri, Nathakhun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62H30, 68T10

description: There are various cluster validity indices used for evaluating clustering results. One of the main objectives of using these indices is to seek the optimal unknown number of clusters. Some indices work well for clusters with different densities, sizes, and shapes. Yet, one shared weakness of those validity indices is that they often provide only one optimal number of clusters. That number is unknown in real-world problems, and there might be more than one possible option. We develop a new cluster validity index based on a correlation between an actual distance between a pair of data points and a centroid distance of clusters that the two points occupy. Our proposed index constantly yields several local peaks and overcomes the previously stated weakness. Several experiments in different scenarios, including UCI real-world data sets, have been conducted to compare the proposed validity index with several well-known ones. An R package related to this new index called NCvalid is available at https://github.com/nwiroonsri/NCvalid.
description: 19 pages
Implicit regularization beyond one loop order: scalar field theories
Creators: name: Pontes, C. R.
name: Scarpelli, A. P. Baeta
name: Sampaio, Marcos
name: Nemes, M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Implicit regularization (IR) has been shown as an useful momentum space tool for perturbative calculations in dimension specific theories, such as chiral gauge, topological and supersymmetric quantum field theoretical models at one loop level. In this paper, we aim at generalizing systematically IR to be applicable beyond one loop order. We use a scalar field theory as an example and pave the way for the extension to quantum field theories which are richer from the symmetry content viewpoint. Particularly, we show that a natural (minimal) renormalization scheme emerges, in which the infinities displayed in terms of integrals in one internal momentum are subtracted, whereas infrared and ultraviolet modes do not mix and therefore leave no room for ambiguities. A systematic cancelation of the infrared divergences at any loop order takes place between the ultraviolet finite and divergent parts of the amplitude for non-exceptional momenta leaving, as a byproduct, a renormalization group scale.
description: 14 pages, two columns, 3 figures
Angular distributions and polarization correlations of the two-photon spherical states
Creators: name: Alexanian, Moorad
name: Mkrtchian, Vanik E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have analyzed in detail the angular polarization properties in the center of mass reference frame of Landau's two-photon spherical states in momentum space. The angular distributions for fixed values of $J$ and $M$ do not depend on the parity but are defined by two different functions of the polar angle between the relative momentum and the quantization axes. The two-photon polarization density matrices are derived for each values of $J$, $M$, and $P$. The linear polarization correlations of individual photons are analyzed in detail. We find, besides the usual correlation laws for $J\geq 2$ in terms of $sin$ and $cos$ of the angle between the orientation of the analyzers, correlations in terms of the sum of the orientation angles of the analyzers.
Poisson structures on the conifold and local Calabi-Yau threefolds
Creators: name: Ballico, Edoardo
name: Gasparim, Elizabeth
name: Köppe, Thomas
name: Suzuki, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D17

description: We describe bivector fields and Poisson structures on local Calabi-Yau threefolds which are total spaces of vector bundles on a contractible rational curve. In particular, we calculate all possible holomorphic Poisson structures on the conifold.
description: 17 pages
Shaping the $g^{(2)}$ autocorrelation and photon statistics
Creators: name: Straka, Ivo
name: Ježek, Miroslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a method of arbitrarily shaping and scaling the temporal intensity correlations of an optical signal locally, avoiding periodic correlations. We demonstrate our approach experimentally using stochastic intensity modulation. We also analyze and simulate shaping both temporal correlations and photon statistics that are fully specified by the user. We show that within the confines of monotony and convexity, the temporal correlations are independent of photon statistics and can take any shape.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables
Low-energy cross section of the 7Be(p,g)8B solar fusion reaction from Coulomb dissociation of 8B
Creators: name: Schuemann, F.
name: Typel, S.
name: Hammache, F.
name: Uhlig, F.
name: Suemmerer, K.
name: Boettcher, I.
name: Cortina, D.
name: Foerster, A.
name: Gai, M.
name: Geissel, H.
name: Greife, U.
name: Grosse, E.
name: Iwasa, N.
name: Koczon, P.
name: Kohlmeyer, B.
name: Kulessa, R.
name: Kumagai, H.
name: Kurz, N.
name: Menzel, M.
name: Motobayashi, T.
name: Oeschler, H.
name: Ozawa, A.
name: Ploskon, M.
name: Prokopowicz, W.
name: Schwab, E.
name: Senger, P.
name: Strieder, F.
name: Sturm, C.
name: Sun, Zhi-Yu
name: Surowka, G.
name: Wagner, A.
name: Walus, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Final results from an exclusive measurement of the Coulomb breakup of 8B into 7Be+p at 254 A MeV are reported. Energy-differential Coulomb-breakup cross sections are analyzed using a potential model of 8B and first-order perturbation theory. The deduced astrophysical S_17 factors are in good agreement with the most recent direct 7Be(p,gamma)8B measurements and follow closely the energy dependence predicted by the cluster-model description of 8B by Descouvemont. We extract a zero-energy S_17 factor of 20.6 +- 0.8 (stat) +- 1.2 (syst) eV b.
description: 14 pages including 16 figures, LaTeX, accepted for publication in Physical Review C. Minor changes in text and layout
Friedmann cosmology with decaying vacuum density in Brans-Dicke theory
Creators: name: Singh, C. P.
name: Peracaula, Joan Sola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study Friedmann cosmology with time-varying vacuum energy density in the context of Brans-Dicke theory. We consider an isotropic and homogeneous flat space, filled with a matter-dominated perfect fluid and a dynamical cosmological term $Λ(t) $, obeying the equation of state of the vacuum. As the exact nature of a possible time-varying vacuum is yet to be found, we explore $Λ(t)$ given by the phenomenological law $Λ(t)=λ+σH$, where $λ$ and $σ$ are positive constants. We solve the model and then focus on two different cases $Λ_{H1}$ and $Λ_{H2}$ by assuming $Λ=λ$ and $Λ=σH$, respectively. Notice that $Λ_{H1}$ is the analog of the standard $Λ$CDM, but within the Brans-Dicke cosmology. We find the analytical solution of the main cosmological functions such as the Hubble parameter, the scale factor, deceleration and equation of state parameters for these models. In order to test the viability of the cosmological scenarios, we perform two sets of joint observational analyses of the recent Type Ia supernova data (Pantheon), observational measurements of Hubble parameter data, Baryon acoustic oscillation/Cosmic microwave background data and Local Hubble constant for each model. For the sake of comparison, the same data analysis is performed for the $Λ$CDM model. Each model shows a transition from decelerated phase to accelerated phase and can be viewed as an effective quintessence behavior. Using the model selection criteria AIC and BIC to distinguish from existing dark energy models, we find that the Brans-Dicke analog of the $Λ$-cosmology (i.e. our model $Λ_{H1}$) performs at a level comparable to the standard $Λ$CDM, whereas $Λ_{H2}$ is less favoured.
description: 25 pages, 8 figures, Accepted for publication in European Physical Journal C
Narrowband oblique whistler-mode waves: Comparing properties observed by Parker Solar Probe at <0.2 AU and STEREO at 1 AU
Creators: name: Cattell, C.
name: Short, B.
name: Breneman, A.
name: Halekas, J.
name: Whittesley, P.
name: Kasper, J.
name: Stevens, Mike
name: Case, Tony
name: Moncuquet, M.
name: Bale, S.
name: Bonnell, J.
name: de Wit, T. Dudok
name: Goetz, K.
name: Harvey, P.
name: MacDowall, R.
name: Malaspina, D.
name: Pulupa, M.
name: Goodrich, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: AIM: Large amplitude narrowband obliquely propagating whistler-mode waves at frequencies of ~0.2 fce (electron cyclotron frequency) are commonly observed at 1 AU, and are most consistent with the whistler heat flux fan instability. We want to determine whether similar whistler-mode waves occur inside 0.2 AU, and how their properties compare to those at 1 AU. METHODS: We utilize the waveform capture data from the Parker Solar Probe Fields instrument to develop a data base of narrowband whistler waves. The SWEAP instrument, in conjunction with the quasi-thermal noise measurement form Fields, provides the electron heat flux, beta, and other electron parameters. RESULTS: Parker Solar Probe observations inside ~0.3 AU show that the waves are more intermittent than at 1 AU, and are often interspersed with electrostatic whistler/Bernstein waves at higher frequencies. This is likely due to the more variable solar wind observed closer to the Sun. The whistlers usually occur within regions when the magnetic field is more variable and often with small increases in the solar wind speed. The near-sun whistler-mode waves are also narrowband and large amplitude, and associated with beta greater than 1. Wave angles are sometimes highly oblique (near the resonance cone), but angles have been determined for only a small fraction of the events. The association with heat flux and beta is generally consistent with the whistler fan instability although there are intervals where the heat flux is significantly lower than the instability limit. Strong scattering of strahl energy electrons is seen in association with the waves, providing evidence that the waves regulate the electron heat flux..
Combining Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy with Scanning Tunneling Microscopy at High Magnetic Fields
Creators: name: Drost, Robert
name: Uhl, Maximilian
name: Kot, Piotr
name: Siebrecht, Janis
name: Schmid, Alexander
name: Merkt, Jonas
name: Wünsch, Stefan
name: Siegel, Michael
name: Kieler, Oliver
name: Kleiner, Reinhold
name: Ast, Christian R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic media remain a key in information storage and processing. The continuous increase of storage densities and the desire for quantum memories and computers pushes the limits of magnetic characterisation techniques. Ultimately, a tool which is capable of coherently manipulating and detecting individual quantum spins is needed. The scanning tunnelling microscope (STM) is the only technique which unites the prerequisites of high spatial and energy resolution, low temperature and high magnetic fields to achieve this goal. Limitations in the available frequency range for electron spin resonance STM (ESR-STM) mean that many instruments operate in the thermal noise regime. We resolve challenges in signal delivery to extend the operational frequency range of ESR-STM by more than a factor of two and up to 100GHz, making the Zeeman energy the dominant energy scale at achievable cryogenic temperatures of a few hundred millikelvin. We present a general method for augmenting existing instruments into ESR-STMs to investigate spin dynamics in the high-field limit. We demonstrate the performance of the instrument by analysing inelastic tunnelling in a junction driven by a microwave signal and provide proof of principle measurements for ESR-STM.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
PHANTOM: a Monte Carlo event generator for six parton final states at high energy colliders
Creators: name: Ballestrero, A.
name: Belhouari, A.
name: Bevilacqua, G.
name: Kashkan, V.
name: Maina, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: PHANTOM is a tree level Monte Carlo for six parton final states at proton--proton, proton--antiproton and electron--positron collider at O(alpha_ew^6) and O(alpha_ew^4*alpha_s^2) including possible interferences between the two sets of diagrams. This comprehends all purely electroweak contribution as well as all contributions with one virtual or two external gluons. It can generate unweighted events for any set of processes and it is interfaced to parton shower and hadronization packages via the last Les Houches Accord protocol. It can be used to analyze the physics of boson boson scattering, Higgs boson production in boson boson fusion, t-tbar and three boson production.
description: Version updated to agree with published one in Comp.Phys.Comm
Hyperfine structure of the first rotational level in H$_2$, D$_2$ and HD molecules and the deuteron quadrupole moment
Creators: name: Puchalski, Mariusz
name: Komasa, Jacek
name: Pachucki, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform the four-body calculation of the hyperfine structure in the first rotational state $J=1$ of the H$_2$, D$_2$, and HD molecules and determine the accurate value for the deuteron electric quadrupole moment $Q_d = 0.285\,699(15)(18)$ fm$^2$ in significant disagreement with former spectroscopic determinations. Our results for the hyperfine parameters agree very well with the currently most accurate molecular-beam magnetic resonance measurement performed several decades ago by N.F. Ramsey and coworkers. They also indicate the significance of previously neglected nonadiabatic effects. Moreover, a very good agreement with the recent calculation of $Q_d$ based on the chiral effective field theory, although much less accurate, indicates the importance of the spin dependence of nucleon interactions in the accurate description of nuclei.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure, improved numerics
Coronavirus Pandemic: An Assessment of Emergent Socio-Economic Challenges in India
Creators: name: Dr. Sooraj Kumar Maurya
name: Dr. Abhay Pratap Pandey
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: WHO has declared COVID-19, an outbreak triggered by a different disease of coronavirus that emerged in Wuhan, China, in December 2019? It has produced an insecure atmosphere for people and a decline in business and job opportunities. Due to its high contagious character, it has interrupted a vast lot of business activity, and there is currently no vaccination available. As of June 24, 2020, there were about 9,129,147 instances worldwide, with 4, 73,798 (still counting) people losing their lives. India is 4th in the world in terms of positive samples and 1st in Asia. There are 4, 56,183 (still counting) reported cases in India, with 14,476 deaths, mainly in Maharashtra and Delhi. The majority of nations, even affluent ones such as the US, Italy, and the UK, are unprepared to cope with the epidemic. Currently, the concern is not just for human quality of life but also for the global economy, which is taking a severe blow from all angles. Financial disruptions are likely to be more severe and widespread in emerging and developing countries, resulting in higher household infections and a much more delicate as well as feeble medical system, as well as greater exposure to worldwide ripple effects through multiple channels such as commerce, travel industry, product as well as the financial industry, weakened macro-economic structures, and widespread casualness and impoverishment. It is not only a health problem; it is also an economic and social issue that many experts have dubbed a "black swan." Because of its contagious nature, practically every country preferred a lockdown to prevent it from spreading. After this, on March 22, 2020, India declared a one-day "Janata Curfew." Following that, India was placed under a complete lockdown for 21 days, which was then prolonged for another 19 days, and then it was expanded further with slight exemptions. Many concessions were made after June 1 to allow for the continuation of commercial activity. However, specific states' borders remain closed until today, based on the intensity of the health issue in that province. Nevertheless, following a total stop on all economic activity, certain relaxations have been granted, but unparalleled destruction has indeed happened, and the financial system has been severely rocked.
Implementation of the R3B condition database using FairDB
Creators: name: Bertini, D.
name: Alvarez Pol, H.
name: Gonzalez, Y.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
NeuLAND test-beam data analysis with R3BRoot framework
Creators: name: Kresan, D.
name: Al-Turany, M.
name: Uhlig, F.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Parallel minimization via Geneva, ScaLAPACK and MPI on the GSI cluster
Creators: name: Knedlik, J.
name: Lutz, M.
name: Schwarz, K.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
GSI-HPC cluster
Creators: name: Schön, W.
name: Huhn, C.
name: Penso, V.
name: Roth, T.
name: Trautmann, J.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
The L-CSC cluster at GSI for lattice QCD - The most power efficient supercomputer in the world in 2014
Creators: name: Rohr, D.
name: Nescovic, G.
name: Lindenstruth, V.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Supplementary Methods from Effects of species interactions on the potential for evolution at species' range limits
Creators: name: Alexander, Jake M.
name: Atwater, Daniel Z.
name: Colautti, Robert I.
name: Hargreaves, Anna L.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology

description: This file contains a description of the model of adaptive trade-offs at range edges
Electronically smectic-like phase in a nearly half-doped manganite
Creators: name: Ye, F.
name: Fernandez-Baca, J. A.
name: Dai, Pengcheng
name: Lynn, J. W.
name: Kawano-Furukawa, H.
name: Yoshizawa, H.
name: Tomioka, Y.
name: Tokura, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use neutron scattering to study the spin and charge/orbital ordering (CO-OO) in the nearly half-doped perovskite manganite $Pr_{0.55}(Ca_{0.8}Sr_{0.2})_{0.45}MnO_3$ (PCSMO). On cooling from room temperature, PCSMO first enters into a CO-OO state below $T_{CO}$ and then becomes a CE-type long-range ordered antiferromagnet below $T_N$. At temperatures above $T_N$ but below $T_{CO}$ ($T_N
description: 4 pages, 4 figures. Changed content
XnODR and XnIDR: Two Accurate and Fast Fully Connected Layers For Convolutional Neural Networks
Creators: name: Sun, Jian
name: Fard, Ali Pourramezan
name: Mahoor, Mohammad H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Capsule Network is powerful at defining the positional relationship between features in deep neural networks for visual recognition tasks, but it is computationally expensive and not suitable for running on mobile devices. The bottleneck is in the computational complexity of the Dynamic Routing mechanism used between the capsules. On the other hand, XNOR-Net is fast and computationally efficient, though it suffers from low accuracy due to information loss in the binarization process. To address the computational burdens of the Dynamic Routing mechanism, this paper proposes new Fully Connected (FC) layers by xnorizing the linear projection outside or inside the Dynamic Routing within the CapsFC layer. Specifically, our proposed FC layers have two versions, XnODR (Xnorize the Linear Projection Outside Dynamic Routing) and XnIDR (Xnorize the Linear Projection Inside Dynamic Routing). To test the generalization of both XnODR and XnIDR, we insert them into two different networks, MobileNetV2 and ResNet-50. Our experiments on three datasets, MNIST, CIFAR-10, and MultiMNIST validate their effectiveness. The results demonstrate that both XnODR and XnIDR help networks to have high accuracy with lower FLOPs and fewer parameters (e.g., 96.14% correctness with 2.99M parameters and 311.74M FLOPs on CIFAR-10).
description: 19 pages, 5 figures, 9 tables, 2 algorithms
Degree-preserving graph dynamics -- a versatile process to construct random networks
Creators: name: Erdős, Péter L.
name: Kharel, Shubha R.
name: Mezei, Tamás R.
name: Toroczkai, Zoltán
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: G.2.2; G.2.3; F.1.3
subject: 05C07, 05C80, 05C82, 91D30, 68R10, 68W40, 68Q15, 03D15

description: Real-world networks evolve over time via additions or removals of vertices and edges. In current network evolution models, vertex degree varies or grows arbitrarily. A recently introduced degree-preserving network growth (DPG) family of models preserves vertex degree, resulting in structures significantly different from and more diverse than previous models ([Nature Physics 2021, DOI: 10.1038/s41567-021-01417-7]). Despite its degree preserving property, the DPG model is able to replicate the output of several well-known real-world network growth models. Simulations showed that many well-studied real-world networks can be constructed from small seed graphs.
 Here we start the development of a rigorous mathematical theory underlying the DPG family of network growth models. We prove that the degree sequence of the output of some of the well-known, real-world network growth models can be reconstructed via the DPG process, using proper parametrization. We also show that the general problem of deciding whether a simple graph can be obtained via the DPG process from a small seed (DPG feasibility) is, as expected, NP-complete. It is an important open problem to uncover whether there is a structural reason behind the DPG-constructibility of real-world networks.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures
Location Leakage in Federated Signal Maps
Creators: name: Bakopoulou, Evita
name: Yang, Mengwei
name: Zhang, Jiang
name: Psounis, Konstantinos
name: Markopoulou, Athina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the problem of predicting cellular network performance (signal maps) from measurements collected by several mobile devices. We formulate the problem within the online federated learning framework: (i) federated learning (FL) enables users to collaboratively train a model, while keeping their training data on their devices; (ii) measurements are collected as users move around over time and are used for local training in an online fashion. We consider an honest-but-curious server, who observes the updates from target users participating in FL and infers their location using a deep leakage from gradients (DLG) type of attack, originally developed to reconstruct training data of DNN image classifiers. We make the key observation that a DLG attack, applied to our setting, infers the average location of a batch of local data, and can thus be used to reconstruct the target users' trajectory at a coarse granularity. We build on this observation to protect location privacy, in our setting, by revisiting and designing mechanisms within the federated learning framework including: tuning the FL parameters for averaging, curating local batches so as to mislead the DLG attacker, and aggregating across multiple users with different trajectories. We evaluate the performance of our algorithms through both analysis and simulation based on real-world mobile datasets, and we show that they achieve a good privacy-utility tradeoff.
Critical configurations for two projective views, a new approach
Creators: name: Bråtelund, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The problem of structure from motion is concerned with recovering 3-dimensional structure of an object from a set of 2-dimensional images. Generally, all information can be uniquely recovered if enough images and image points are provided, but there are certain cases where unique recovery is impossible; these are called critical configurations. In this paper we use an algebraic approach to study the critical configurations for two projective cameras. We show that all critical configurations lie on quadric surfaces, and classify exactly which quadrics constitute a critical configuration. The paper also describes the relation between the different reconstructions when unique reconstruction is impossible.
description: 26 pages, 4 figures, this version corrects an error appearing in the first table in the published version
Lagrangian skeleta, collars and duality
Creators: name: Ballico, Edoardo
name: Gasparim, Elizabeth
name: Rubilar, Francisco
name: Suzuki, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D05, 14D20

description: We present a geometric realization of the duality between skeleta in $T^*\mathbb P^n$ and collars of local surfaces. Such duality is predicted by combining two auxiliary types of duality: on one side, symplectic duality between $T^*\mathbb P^n$ and a crepant resolution of the $A_n$ singularity; on the other side, toric duality between two types of isolated quotient singularities. We give a correspondence between Lagrangian submanifolds of the cotangent bundle and vector bundles on collars, and describe those birational transformations within the skeleton which are dual to deformations of vector bundles.
description: To appear in Springer Proceedings in Mathematics & Statistics. Vol. Birational Geometry, Kahler - Einstein Metrics, and Degenerations
Lattice QCD and String Theory
Creators: name: Kuti, Julius
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bosonic string formation in gauge theories is reviewed with particular attention to the confining flux in lattice QCD and its string theory description. Recent results on the Casimir energy of the ground state and the string excitation spectrum are analyzed in the Dirichlet string limit of large separation between static sources. The closed string-soliton (torelon) with electric flux winding around a compact dimension and the three-string with a Y-junction created by three static sources are also reviewed. It is shown that string spectra from lattice simulations are consistent with universal predictions of the leading operators from the derivative expansion of a Poincare invariant effective string Lagrangian with reparameterization symmetry. Important characterisitics of the confining flux, like stiffness and the related massive breather modes, are coded in operators with higher derivatives and their determination remains a difficult challenge for lattice gauge theory.
description: 22 pages, 15 figures, plenary talk at LATTICE 2005, Trinity College, Dublin, July 25-30, 2005. Reference typos corrected
Singularity and Mesh Divergence of Inviscid Adjoint Solutions at Solid Walls
Creators: name: Lozano, Carlos
name: Ponsin, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The mesh divergence problem occurring at subsonic and transonic speeds with the adjoint Euler equations is reviewed. By examining a recently derived analytic adjoint solution, it is shown that the explanation is that the adjoint solution is singular at the wall. The wall singularity is caused by the adjoint singularity at the trailing edge, but not in the way it was previously conjectured.
description: Accepted version (paper converted into Short Note)
Linear Half-Space Problems in Kinetic Theory: Abstract Formulation and Regime Transitions
Creators: name: Bernhoff, Niclas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 82C40 (primary), 35Q70 (secondary)

description: Half-space problems in the kinetic theory of gases are of great importance in the study of the asymptotic behavior of solutions of boundary value problems for the Boltzmann equation for small Knudsen numbers. In this work a generally formulated half-space problem, based on generalizations of stationary half-space problems in one spatial variable for the Boltzmann equation - for hard-sphere models of monatomic single species and multicomponent mixtures - is considered. The number of conditions on the indata at the interface needed to obtain well-posedness is investigated. Exponential fast convergence is obtained "far away" from the interface. In particular, the exponential decay at regime transitions - where the number of conditions on the indata needed to obtain well-posedness changes - for linearized kinetic half-space problems related to the half-space problem of evaporation and condensation in kinetic theory are considered. The regime transitions correspond to the transition between subsonic and supersonic evaporation/condensation, or the transition between evaporation and condensation. Near the regime transitions, slowly varying modes might occur, preventing uniform exponential speed of convergence there. By imposing extra conditions on the indata at the interface, the slowly varying modes can be eliminated near a regime transition, giving rise to uniform exponential speed of convergence near the regime transition.
 Values of the velocity of the flow at the far end, for which regime transitions take place are presented for some particular variants of the Boltzmann equation: for monatomic and polyatomic single species and mixtures, and the quantum variant for bosons and fermions.
description: 37 pages
Structural properties of Gibbsian point processes in abstract spaces
Creators: name: Betsch, Steffen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 60K35, 60G55, Secondary 60G57, 82B21

description: In the language of random counting measures many structural properties of the Poisson process can be studied in arbitrary measurable spaces. We provide a similarly general treatise of Gibbs processes. With the GNZ equations as a definition of these objects, Gibbs processes can be introduced in abstract spaces without any topological structure. In this general setting, partition functions, Janossy densities, and correlation functions are studied. While the definition covers finite and infinite Gibbs processes alike, the finite case allows, even in abstract spaces, for an equivalent and more explicit characterization via a familiar series expansion. Recent generalizations of factorial measures to arbitrary measurable spaces, where counting measures cannot be written as sums of Dirac measures, likewise allow to generalize the concept of Hamiltonians. The DLR equations, which completely characterize a Gibbs process, as well as basic results for the local convergence topology are also formulated in full generality. We prove a new theorem on the extraction of locally convergent subsequences from a sequence of point processes and use this statement to provide existence results for Gibbs processes in general spaces with potentially infinite range of interaction. These results are used to guarantee the existence of Gibbs processes with cluster-dependent interactions and to prove a recent conjecture concerning the existence of Gibbsian particle processes.
On Differences Between SCET and QCDF for B->pi pi Decays
Creators: name: Bauer, Christian W.
name: Pirjol, Dan
name: Rothstein, Ira Z.
name: Stewart, Iain W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a detailed description of the differences between the factorization and results derived from SCET and QCDF for decays B -> M1 M2. This serves as a reply to a comment about our work "B-> M1 M2: Factorization, charming penguins, strong phases, and polarization" [1] made by the authors in [2]. We disagree with their criticisms.
description: 7 pages