cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Genome-wide discovery of modulators of transcriptional interactions in human B lymphocytes
Creators: name: Wang, Kai
name: Nemenman, Ilya
name: Banerjee, Nilanjana
name: Margolin, Adam
name: Califano, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Transcriptional interactions in a cell are modulated by a variety of mechanisms that prevent their representation as pure pairwise interactions between a transcription factor and its target(s). These include, among others, transcription factor activation by phosphorylation and acetylation, formation of active complexes with one or more co-factors, and mRNA/protein degradation and stabilization processes. This paper presents a first step towards the systematic, genome-wide computational inference of genes that modulate the interactions of specific transcription factors at the post-transcriptional level. The method uses a statistical test based on changes in the mutual information between a transcription factor and each of its candidate targets, conditional on the expression of a third gene. The approach was first validated on a synthetic network model, and then tested in the context of a mammalian cellular system. By analyzing 254 microarray expression profiles of normal and tumor related human B lymphocytes, we investigated the post transcriptional modulators of the MYC proto-oncogene, an important transcription factor involved in tumorigenesis. Our method discovered a set of 100 putative modulator genes, responsible for modulating 205 regulatory relationships between MYC and its targets. The set is significantly enriched in molecules with function consistent with their activities as modulators of cellular interactions, recapitulates established MYC regulation pathways, and provides a notable repertoire of novel regulators of MYC function. The approach has broad applicability and can be used to discover modulators of any other transcription factor, provided that adequate expression profile data are available.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables; minor changes following referees' comments; accepted to RECOMB06
FEDERAL GRAZING REFORM AND AVOIDABLE RISK
Creators: name: McCluskey, Jill J.
name: Rausser, Gordon C.
name: McCluskey, Jill J.
name: Rausser, Gordon C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Recent rangeland reform attempts have increased ranchers' uncertainty of retaining grazing permits on federal land. This uncertainty is analyzed with a model of grazing on federal land. Ranchers facing this uncertainty will behave differently than if they were guaranteed the renewal of grazing permits at constant real grazing fees. It is shown that the socially optimal outcome may be achieved by adding avoidable risk through targeted rangeland reform. Rangeland reform attempts that create unavoidable risk can make both ranchers and environmental groups worse off.
Conformal invariance and the conformal-traceless decomposition of the gravitational field
Creators: name: Brown, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Einstein's theory of general relativity is written in terms of the variables obtained from a conformal--traceless decomposition of the spatial metric and extrinsic curvature. The determinant of the conformal metric is not restricted, so the action functional and equations of motion are invariant under conformal transformations. With this approach the conformal--traceless variables remain free of density weights. The conformal invariance of the equations of motion can be broken by imposing an evolution equation for the determinant of the conformal metric g. Two conditions are considered, one in which g is constant in time and one in which g is constant along the unit normal to the spacelike hypersurfaces. This approach is used to write the Baumgarte--Shapiro--Shibata--Nakamura system of evolution equations in conformally invariant form. The presentation includes a discussion of the conformal thin sandwich construction of gravitational initial data, and the conformal flatness condition as an approximation to the evolution equations.
description: 13 pages, revtex4. Version 2 contains minor corrections. Version 2 will be published in PRD
Molecules Near Absolute Zero and External Field Control of Atomic and Molecular Dynamics
Creators: name: Krems, R. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article reviews the current state of the art in the field of cold and ultracold molecules and demonstrates that chemical reactions, inelastic collisions and dissociation of molecules at subKelvin temperatures can be manipulated with external electric or magnetic fields. The creation of ultracold molecules may allow for spectroscopy measurements with extremely high precision and tests of fundamental symmetries of nature, quantum computation with molecules as qubits, and controlled chemistry. The probability of chemical reactions and collisional energy transfer can be very large at temperatures near zero Kelvin. The collision energy of ultracold atoms and molecules is much smaller than perturbations due to interactions with external electric or magnetic fields available in the laboratory. External fields may therefore be used to induce dissociation of weakly bound molecules, stimulate forbidden electronic transitions, suppress the effect of centrifugal barriers in outgoing reaction channels or tune Feshbach resonances that enhance chemical reactivity.
CONSUMER PREFERENCES FOR FOOD SAFETY ATTRIBUTES IN FRESH APPLES: MARKET SEGMENTS, CONSUMER CHARACTERISTICS, AND MARKETING OPPORTUNITIES
Creators: name: Baker, Gregory A.
name: Baker, Gregory A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: Past research has yielded conflicting results on consumer valuation of food safety characteristics. In this study, conjoint analysis is used to evaluate consumer responses to hypothetical apple products in a nationwide survey. Product characteristics include price, quality, pesticide use levels and the corresponding cancer risk, and type of government inspection. Consumers expressed a broad preference for reduced pesticide usage. Four market segments were identified corresponding to consumers: (a) who had a strong preference for food safety, (b) who exhibited a more balanced desire for all product characteristics, (c) who were extremely price sensitive, and (d) who had a strong preference for product quality. Results suggest that consumers in these segments differ based on demographic and psychographic characteristics. This information should prove useful to produce marketers in marketing produce that better meets consumers' needs.
Higher Representations: Confinement and Large N
Creators: name: Sannino, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the confining phase transition as function of temperature for theories with dynamical fermions in the two index symmetric and antisymmetric representation of the gauge group. By studying the properties of the center of the gauge group we predict for an even number of colors a confining phase transition, if second order, to be in the universality class of Ising in three dimensions. This is due to the fact that the center group symmetry does not break completely for an even number of colors. For an odd number of colors the center group symmetry breaks completely. This pattern remains unaltered at large number of colors. We claim that the confining/deconfining phase transition in these theories at large N is not mapped in the one of super Yang-Mills. We extend the Polyakov loop effective theory to describe the confining phase transition of the theories studied here for a generic number of colors. Our results are not modified when adding matter in the same higher dimensional representation of the gauge group. We comment on the interplay between confinement and chiral symmetry in these theories and suggest that they are ideal laboratories to shed light on this issue also for ordinary QCD. We compare the free energy as function of temperature for different theories. We find that the conjectured thermal inequality between the infrared and ultraviolet degrees of freedom computed using the free energy does not lead to new constraints on asymptotically free theories with fermions in higher dimensional representation of the gauge group.
description: 26 pages, 1 figure
SudaSolar_Market Study.pdf
Creators: name: Alhaj, Mohamed
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90608 Renewable Power and Energy Systems Engineering (excl. Solar Cells)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 150505 Marketing Research Methodology
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Market Study on clean energy entrepreneurship opportunities in Sudan.
THE VALUE OF ADDITIONAL CENTRAL FLYWAY WETLANDS: THE CASE OF NEBRASKA'S RAINWATER BASIN WETLANDS
Creators: name: Poor, P. Joan
name: Poor, P. Joan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Waterfowl habitat is a biological resource which is neither bought nor sold in the traditional market sense. Nebraska, which is situated near the center of North American Central Flyway, contains unique wetlands habitat. Recognizing this, resource managers working in Nebraska promote regulatory protection of such areas. This study found that Nebraskans positively value their state's Rainwater Basin wetland region in that they are willing to pay to have it maintained and expanded. In addition, this study demonstrates how this value was estimated and illustrates how such a value can assist in policy decisions regarding habitat acquisition programs.
ASYMMETRIC GRADING ERROR AND ADVERSE SELECTION: LEMONS IN THE CALIFORNIA PRUNE INDUSTRY
Creators: name: Chalfant, James A.
name: James, Jennifer S.
name: Lavoie, Nathalie
name: Sexton, Richard J.
name: Chalfant, James A.
name: James, Jennifer S.
name: Lavoie, Nathalie
name: Sexton, Richard J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Grading systems are often introduced to address the classic adverse selection problem associated with asymmetric information about product quality. However, grades are rarely measured perfectly, and adverse selection outcomes may persist due to grading error. We study the effects of errors in grading, focusing on asymmetric grading errors- namely when low-quality product can erroneously be classified as high quality, but not vice versa. In conceptual model, we show the effects of asymmetric grading errors on returns to producers. Application to the California prune industry shows that grading errors reduce incentives to produce more valuable, larger prunes.
Brane induced gravity from asymmetric warped compactification
Creators: name: Koyama, Kazuya
name: Koyama, Kayoko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that brane induced gravity can be realized as a low energy effective theory of brane worlds with asymmetric warped compactification. A self-accelerating universe without cosmological constant on the brane can be realized in a model where one side of the bulk has finite volume, but the other side has infinite volume. The spin-2 perturbations for brane induced gravity and asymmetric warped compactification models have the same spectrum at low energies. For a de Sitter brane, the spin-2 graviton has mass in the range $0
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, typos corrected, a reference added
COST-SHARE INCENTIVES AND BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN A PILOT WATER QUALITY PROGRAM
Creators: name: Houston, Jack E.
name: Sun, Henglun
name: Houston, Jack E.
name: Sun, Henglun
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: This study integrates three biophysical simulators to predict crop yields, water-soil pollution emissions, and farmers' net returns under uncertain weather and market conditions. Multiple-objective programming incorporates farmer attitudes toward voluntary participation under alternate rates of government cost-share subsidies to search for efficient pollution abatement solutions as best management practices (BMPs). Net returns decline an estimated 9.6% when farmers adopt a cost-share program with a $2.50/acre subsidy, while reducing N leaching by 2.7%. For a $10/acre subsidy, N leaching can be reduced by almost 6%, but farmer net returns decline by 15%.
Adiabatic N-soliton interactions of Bose-Einstein condensates in external potentials
Creators: name: Gerdjikov, V. S.
name: Baizakov, B. B.
name: Salerno, M.
name: Kostov, N. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Perturbed version of the complex Toda chain (CTC) has been employed to describe adiabatic interactions within N-soliton train of the nonlinear Schrodinger equation (NLS). Perturbations induced by weak quadratic and periodic external potentials are studied by both analytical and numerical means. It is found that the perturbed CTC adequately models the N-soliton train dynamics for both types of potentials. As an application of the developed theory we consider the dynamics of a train of matter - wave solitons confined to a parabolic trap and optical lattice, as well as tilted periodic potentials. In the last case we demonstrate that there exist critical values of the strength of the linear potential for which one or more localized states can be extracted from a soliton train. An analytical expression for these critical strengths for expulsion is also derived.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, RevTeX
THE ROLE OF AGRICULTURE IN OREGON'S ECONOMIC BASE: FINDINGS FROM A SOCIAL ACCOUNTING MATRIX
Creators: name: Waters, Edward C.
name: Weber, Bruce A.
name: Holland, David W.
name: Waters, Edward C.
name: Weber, Bruce A.
name: Holland, David W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: Most studies of a state's economic base count as "basic" only the "traditional" exports of goods, federal spending, and business investment. "Nontraditional" elements of the economic base (including exports of services, federal transfers to state/local governments and households, and extraregional property income) are typically ignored. We construct a social accounting matrix (SAM) for Oregon and estimate Oregon's economic base accounting for both traditional and nontraditional elements. Almost 20% of Oregon's jobs depend on extraregional income to households (including government transfers and outside property income), 11% depend on lumber and wood and paper products, and 8% depend on agriculture.
Observation of Interband Two-Photon Absorption Saturation in CdS Nanocrystals
Creators: name: He, Jun
name: Mi, Jun
name: Li, Heping
name: Ji, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the observation of interband two-photon absorption (TPA) saturation in cadmium sulfide nanocrystals (CdS NCs) under intense femtosecond laser excitation with 1.6-eV photon energy. The observation has been compared to interband TPA saturation in bulk CdS under the same experimental conditions. By using both Z-scan technique and transient absorption measurement, the saturation intensity has been determined to be 190 GW/cm^2 for CdS NCs of 4-nm diameter, which shows two orders of magnitude greater than that for CdS bulk crystal. The results are in agreement with an inhomogeneously-broadened, saturated TPA model.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures
ON THE ECONOMIC RATIONALITY OF MARKET PARTICIPANTS: THE CASE OF EXPECTATIONS IN THE U.S. PORK MARKET
Creators: name: Chavas, Jean-Paul
name: Chavas, Jean-Paul
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: This study investigates the nature of price expectations in a competitive market. The approach is illustrated in an application to the U.S. pork market, which exhibits cyclical patterns and biological production lags. Pork price equations are estimated under different expectation regimes. The empirical results suggest the presence of heterogeneous price expectations among market participants. A large proportion of the market (73%) is found to be associated with backward-looking expectations, where future prices are anticipated on the basis of their observed historical patterns.
CONTRACT MARKETING IN THE US AFTER THE 2002 FARM ACT: THE CASE OF PEANUTS
Creators: name: Revoredo-Giha, Cesar
name: Nadolnyak, Denis A.
name: Fletcher, Stanley M.
name: Revoredo-Giha, Cesar
name: Nadolnyak, Denis A.
name: Fletcher, Stanley M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: US agriculture
subject: agricultural marketing
subject: peanuts
subject: economics of agricultural contracts.

description: The elimination of the marketing quota system that regulated the peanut market since the 1930s has been accompanied by the emergence of marketing contracts between farmers and peanut buyers (mainly peanut shellers). Two types of contracts have been observed, forward contracts for delivery at harvest or at a later date and "option to purchase" contracts. We analyze the clauses of contracts used by major shellers in order to infer the motivation behind these contracts (i.e., risk sharing, reduction of transaction costs, improve coordination, exercise of market power, etc.). The analysis points out that the main role of the contracts is to replace the marketing structure existing prior the 2002 Farm Act, where peanut marketing was quite regulated. In this sense, the reduction of transaction costs associated to the need for coordinating a continuous supply of homogeneous quality seems to be the most plausible explanation.
THE INTERACTION OF WORKING AND SPECULATIVE COMMODITY STOCKS
Creators: name: Carter, Colin A.
name: Revoredo-Giha, Cesar
name: Carter, Colin A.
name: Revoredo-Giha, Cesar
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Commodity Markets
subject: Inventories
subject: Competitive Storage
subject: Processing

description: This paper models the interaction of working (also called pipeline) and speculative commodity stocks. We model working inventories (i.e., raw material inventories carried by processors) based on Ramey's (1989) model of inventories as factors of production, which allows us to represent storage under inter-temporal price backwardation, observed in commodity markets. We incorporate both speculative and working stocks in a simple model to analyze the interaction and to simulate the relationship between inter-temporal commodity price spreads and stocks. Our model replicates common price patters found in commodity markets.
AMMONIA ABATEMENT STRATEGIES IN LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION: A CASE STUDY OF A POULTRY INSTALLATION
Creators: name: Angus, Andrew J.
name: Hodge, Ian D.
name: Sutton, M.A.
name: Angus, Andrew J.
name: Hodge, Ian D.
name: Sutton, M.A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Ammonia
subject: Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control
subject: Broiler installations

description: This study uses a linear programming approach to compare the potential effectiveness of uniform rules (under the Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control Directive) and a landscape-scale based policy for reducing ammonia (NH3) emissions and their related impacts from a case study poultry installation. The model incorporates a variety of potential NH3 abatement techniques. It also incorporates the first application of a spatial model of the diffusion of environmental impacts from NH3 emissions. This models N deposition at a nearby nature reserve. The model finds that the uniform rules proposed under the Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control Directive are likely to be ineffective in certain contexts and that a landscape-scale approach is more suitable for reducing N deposition from livestock production units in environmentally sensitive locations. However, the adjustments required are associated with large reductions in net margin. This reflects the limited range of cost-effective NH3 abatement techniques available. An alternative cost-effective abatement technique could be to maintain a spatial buffer between poultry production and sensitive receptors.
CROP SUBSTITUTION ON UK SUGAR BEET FARMS AND ITS EFFECTS ON THE ENVIRONMENT: A MULTI-PRODUCT COST FUNCTION APPROACH
Creators: name: Renwick, Alan W.
name: Revoredo-Giha, Cesar
name: Renwick, Alan W.
name: Revoredo-Giha, Cesar
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Multi-product cost function
subject: UK sugar beet production
subject: CAP reform

description: This paper analyzes the effect that the imminent reform of the EU sugar beet regime will have on United Kingdom (UK) sugar beet farms. Specifically, we estimate a multi-product cost function to analyze the effect the changes on the sugar beet price support and quota will have on the crop allocation of sugar beet farms and their aggregate use of inputs. Based on these estimates we discuss the implications that changes in the crop patterns may have on farm environmental variables such as soil loss and groundwater pollution.
Opinion on Trust and Transparency in Artificial Intelligence - Ethics&Society, The Human Brain Project
Creators: name: Aicardi, Christine
name: Bitsch, Lise
name: Datta Burton, Saheli
name: Evers, Kathinka
name: Farisco, Michele
name: Mahfoud, Tara
name: Rose, Nikolas
name: Rosemann, Achim
name: Salles, Arleen
name: Stahl, Bernd
name: Ulnicane, Inga
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Ethics
Society
Human Brain Project
Artificial Intelligence (AI)
ICT
Neuroscience
Robotics
Trustworthiness
Governance
RRI
Responsible Research and Innovation

description: The Ethics and Society Subproject has developed this Opinion in order to clarify lessons the Human Brain Project (HBP) can draw from the current discussion of artificial intelligence, in particular the social and ethical aspects of AI, and outline areas where it could usefully contribute. The EU and numerous other bodies are promoting and implementing a wide range of policies aimed to ensure that AI is beneficial - that it serves society. The HBP as a leading project bringing together neuroscience and ICT is in an excellent position to contribute to and to benefit from these discussions. This Opinion therefore highlights some key aspects of the discussion, shows its relevance to the HBP and develops a list of six recommendations.
description: This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme Under Grant Agreement no. 785907
USING A CHOICE EXPERIMENT TO ESTIMATE THE NON-USE VALUES OF WETLANDS: THE CASE OF CHEIMADITIDA WETLAND IN GREECE
Creators: name: Birol, Ekin
name: Karousakis, Katia
name: Koundouri, Phoebe
name: Birol, Ekin
name: Karousakis, Katia
name: Koundouri, Phoebe
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Choice experiment
subject: non-use values
subject: wetlands
subject: conditional logit model
subject: random parameter logit model

description: Despite wetlands being amongst the Earth's most productive ecosystems, they have been degraded and lost at an unprecedented rate globally, especially throughout the last century. In recognition of the importance of the crucial ecological functions and economic benefits they provide, international efforts, such as the Ramsar Convention, and European Union level efforts, such as the Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC), are now in place to ensure conservation, sustainable management and improvement of the remaining wetlands. This paper aims to assist policy makers in formulating efficient, effective and sustainable wetland conservation and management policies by providing them with the results of a valuation study using the Cheimaditida wetland in Greece as a case study. A choice experiment is employed to estimate the benefits of the non-use values of the Cheimaditida wetland that accrue to the Greek public. Results from this choice experiment reveal that there are positive and significant non-use values of this wetland for whose conservation the public is willing to pay. These results can be combined with private use values of wetlands, and weighed against the costs of alternative wetland management scenarios in order to carry out a comprehensive cost benefit analysis. Thus they can aid in the design of socially optimal policies for conservation and sustainable management of the Cheimaditida wetland, with implications for other wetlands in Greece and the rest of Europe.
Au-Catalyzed Energy Release in a Molecular Solar Thermal (MOST) System: A Combined Liquid-Phase and Surface Science Study
Creators: name: Eschenbacher, Roman
name: Hemauer, Felix
name: Franz, Evanie
name: Leng, Andreas
name: Schwaab, Valentin
name: Waleska-Wellnhofer, Natalie J.
name: Freiberger, Eva Marie
name: Fromm, Lukas
name: Xu, Tao
name: Papp, Christian
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: norbornadiene
subject: photoswitches
subject: quadricyclane
subject: solar energy storage
subject: surface chemistry
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Molecular solar thermal systems (MOSTs) are molecular systems based on couples of photoisomers (photoswitches), which combine solar energy conversion, storage, and release. In this work, we address the catalytically triggered energy release in the promising MOST couple phenylethylesternorbornadiene/quadricyclane (PENBD/PEQC) on a Au(111) surface in a combined liquid-phase and surface science study. We investigated the system by photoelectrochemical infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (PEC-IRRAS) in the liquid phase, conventional IRRAS and synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy (SRPES) in ultra-high vacuum (UHV). Au(111) is highly active towards catalytically triggered energy release. In the liquid phase, we did not observe any decomposition of the photoswitch, no deactivation of the catalyst within 100 conversion cycles and we could tune the energy release rate of the heterogeneously catalyzed process by applying an external potential. In UHV, submonolayers of PEQC on Au(111) are back-converted to PENBD instantaneously, even at 110 K. Multilayers of PEQC are stable up to ~220 K. Above this temperature, the intrinsic mobility of the film is high enough that PEQC molecules come into direct contact with the Au(111) surface, which catalyzes the back-conversion. We suggest that this process occurs via a singlet–triplet mechanism induced by electronic coupling between the PEQC molecules and the Au(111) surface.
SUSTAINABLE USE AND MANAGEMENT OF CROP GENETIC RESOURCES: LANDRACES ON HUNGARIAN SMALL FARMS
Creators: name: Birol, Ekin
name: Smale, Melinda
name: Gyovai, Agnes
name: Birol, Ekin
name: Smale, Melinda
name: Gyovai, Agnes
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: crop genetic resources
subject: landraces
subject: farm household model
subject: Poisson Hurdle model
subject: sustainable use and management

description: Crop genetic resources are natural assets that are necessary for future crop improvement. In isolated, marginal production environments where markets function imperfectly, farm families depend on them directly for food. In recognition of their importance, international agreements such as the Convention on Biological Diversity and the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture encourage national governments to support their sustainable use and management, on farms and in gene bank collections. Hungary is a signatory to these international agreements. The aim of this study is to contribute research-based information to support the design of efficient and equitable conservation programmes for socially valuable crop landraces still found on small farms in Hungary. Landrace cultivation and richness is predicted with a Poisson hurdle model applied to data from a statistical survey of 323 households in three pilot conservation sites. Poorer, larger farm families with older decision-makers, who are more isolated from market infrastructure, are more likely to grow landraces and maintain greater landrace richness. Those managing smaller farms with lower quality soils and less irrigation have higher predicted probabilities of growing landraces. Findings suggest that the development of market infrastructure may contribute to abandonment of landraces, although specialised markets for high-quality products merit further investigation. Where economic development opportunities remain limited, supporting the continued management of crop genetic resources on farms could have positive equity implications and address other social goals, although the full cost and benefit implications of relevant policy instruments would need to be assessed in the context of Hungary's national agri-environmental programme.
Investigation of g_f0-omega-gamma coupling constant in three point QCD sum rules and light cone sum rules
Creators: name: Aydin, Coskun
name: Yilmaz, A. Hakan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coupling constant of f0-->omega-gamma decay is calculated using 3-point sum rule and light cone QCD sum rules. We investigate the results within the two-models which depend on mixing angle.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
The COVID-19 pandemic and deepening digital inequalities in China
Creators: name: Shao, Qinglong
name: Kostka, Genia
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: COVID-19 pandemic
subject: Internet usage rate
subject: Digital inequalities in the labor market
subject: Vulnerable groups
subject: State-owned enterprises (SOEs)
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::300 Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie::301 Soziologie, Anthropologie

description: As Internet usage reshapes our societies, digital inequalities have increased over the past few decades. During the COVID-19 pandemic, many countries accelerated their digital transformation processes, and it is widely believed the COVID-19 pandemic has deepened existing inequalities in the digital realm. Yet, few studies have empirically examined whether digital inequalities in the labor market increased during the pandemic. This analysis studies how the COVID-19 pandemic affected Chinese workers' Internet usage and how this influence varied across socioeconomic groups. By using the ordered probit model and leveraging the most recent data from the China Family Panel Studies and the Johns Hopkins Coronavirus Resource Center, we find that the pandemic significantly increased the overall level of Internet usage in the country, and the mediating effects of the perceived importance of the Internet and access to the Internet are confirmed. As Internet usage increased, digital inequalities in China's labor market deepened, especially among young and wealthy workers with high social status in urban areas, while older and poorer workers in rural areas benefited less from this new ‘digital wave.’ Moreover, during the pandemic, Internet usage increased among employees working in state-owned enterprises (SOEs), which suggests a growing digital inequality gap between SOEs and other sectors. Following a series of robustness tests, our research findings remain valid. We propose a policy redesign that embodies a comprehensive long-term vision and guarantees raising the levels of Internet usage for socially and economically disadvantaged groups in China.
Roots and Fruits of Decoherence
Creators: name: Zeh, H. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The concept of decoherence is defined, and discussed in a historical context. This is illustrated by some of its essential consequences which may be relevant for the interpretation of quantum theory. Various aspects of the formalism are also reviewed for this purpose. Contents: 1. Definition of concepts. 2. Roots in nuclear physics. 3. The quantum-to-classical transition. 4. Quantum mechanics without observables. 5. Rules versus tools. 6. Nonlocality. 7. Information loss (paradox?). 8. Dynamics of entanglement. 9. Irreversibility. 10. Concluding remarks.
description: 19 pages, 3 figures: Talk given at the Seminaire Poincare (Paris, November 2005)- version 2 is a slightly extended and updated version of the proceedings (identical to v1)
UK SUGAR BEET FARM PRODUCTIVITY UNDER DIFFERENT REFORM SCENARIOS: A FARM LEVEL ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Renwick, Alan W.
name: Revoredo-Giha, Cesar
name: Reader, Mark A.
name: Renwick, Alan W.
name: Revoredo-Giha, Cesar
name: Reader, Mark A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: EU sugar reform
subject: UK agriculture
subject: UK sugar beet production
subject: Multi-output cost function
subject: Total factor productivity

description: The purpose of this paper is to study the effect that the imminent reform in the European Union (EU) sugar regime may have on farm productivity in the United Kingdom (UK). We perform the analysis on a sample of sugar beet farms representative of all the UK sugar beet regions. To estimate the changes in productivity, we estimate a multi-output cost function representing the cropping part of the farm, which is the component that would be mostly affected by the sugar beet reform. We use this cost function to compute the new allocation of outputs and inputs after the changes in the sugar beet quota and price support. This are subsequently used to compute measures of total factor productivity. Our results show slight decreases in the productivity at the individual farm level under both quota and price support reduction. However, when considering the aggregate level, the reduction in the price support shows significant increases in productivity, in contrast to the results obtained from a reduction in quota.
Effects of Lovelock terms on the final fate of gravitational collapse: analysis in dimensionally continued gravity
Creators: name: Nozawa, Masato
name: Maeda, Hideki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find an exact solution in dimensionally continued gravity in arbitrary dimensions which describes the gravitational collapse of a null dust fluid. Considering the situation that a null dust fluid injects into the initially anti-de Sitter spacetime, we show that a naked singularity can be formed. In even dimensions, a massless ingoing null naked singularity emerges. In odd dimensions, meanwhile, a massive timelike naked singularity forms. These naked singularities can be globally naked if the ingoing null dust fluid is switched off at a finite time; the resulting spacetime is static and asymptotically anti-de Sitter spacetime. The curvature strength of the massive timelike naked singularity in odd dimensions is independent of the spacetime dimensions or the power of the mass function. This is a characteristic feature in Lovelock gravity.
description: 14pages, 6 figures; typos corrected, references added, to appear in CQG
USING A CHOICE EXPERIMENT TO ESTIMATE THE DEMAND OF HUNGARIAN FARMERS FOR FOOD SECURITY AND AGROBIODIVERSITY DURING ECONOMIC TRANSITION
Creators: name: Birol, Ekin
name: Kontoleon, Andreas
name: Smale, Melinda
name: Birol, Ekin
name: Kontoleon, Andreas
name: Smale, Melinda
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: food security
subject: agrobiodiversity
subject: home gardens
subject: choice experiment
subject: multi-functional agriculture

description: Hungarian home gardens are small farms that are repositories of agrobiodiversity and provide food security during economic transition. We use a choice experiment to test the hypothesis that farmer demand for home gardens will decrease as markets develop with European Union accession. Data represent 22 communities with varying levels of market and social infrastructure. We find that farmers located in more economically developed communities choose to be less dependent on small farms for food and prefer lower levels of agrobiodiversity. Findings indicate that the survival of small farms is jeopardized by economic change, but point to some conservation policy options.
A Visual TCAD simulation based study on the capacitance effects on ultra-thin symmetric double gate (SDG) junctionless field effect nanowire transistor (JLFENT)
Creators: name: Bora, Nipanka
name: Deka, Nandita
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 100705 Nanoelectronics
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology
subject: 100704 Nanoelectromechanical Systems

description: International Conference (IWCRANHA) 2020, Assam University, Silchar, India
Mepisaschwili, R.; Zinzadse, W.: Die Kunst des alten Georgien
Creators: name: Wessel, Klaus
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 62 (1978): Oriens christianus, Band 62
Electron correlations and bond-length fluctuations in layered copper oxides: electron versus hole doping
Creators: name: Hozoi, L.
name: Nishimoto, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the nature of the electronic ground state and electron-lattice couplings for doped chains of CuO_4 plaquettes or CuO_6 octahedra. The undoped configuration implies here Cu 3d^9 and O 2p^6 formal valence states. The results of multiconfiguration calculations on 4-plaquette (or 4-octahedra) linear clusters indicate strong electron-lattice interactions and polaronic behavior of the doped particles, for both electron and hole doping. For certain phases of the oxygen-ion half-breathing distortions a multi-well energy landscape is predicted. Since each well is associated to carriers localized at different sites, the half-breathing displacements induce charge transfer along the chain. In the case of hole-doping, the trends found by ab initio multiconfiguration calculations on 4-octahedra clusters are confirmed by density-matrix renormalization-group calculations for a p-d, extended Hubbard model with chains of few tens of CuO_4 plaquettes. Under the assumption of charge separation and the formation of 1/3-doped stripes, our results seem to support the vibronic mechanism and the traveling charge-density wave scenario proposed in some recent contributions for superconductivity in copper oxides.
description: references added, typos corrected
Inside on-line : interaction and community in graduate students’ use of computer-mediated communication
Creators: name: Potts, Diane
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: A qualitative investigation into language education students' use of computer-mediated communication, this study reveals how the diversity, support and resources constructed through students on-line dialogue served to scaffold students' language and content learning. The study focuses on student interaction on an asynchronous bulletin board used as an adjunct to a graduate seminar. The radicals of persistent conversation (Bregman & Haythornthwaite, 2001) interacted with elements of the seminar design to facilitate non-native speakers' entry into the dialogue, while simultaneously affording all students with opportunities for exercising agency in their own learning. Relationships between native and nonnative speakers of English were altered by nonnative speakers' ability to communicate their competence, and participants developed a strong identity as a community. Diversity and community evolved as valuable contributors to individual learning.
Quantum correlations of an atomic ensemble via a classical bath
Creators: name: Macovei, M.
name: Evers, J.
name: Keitel, C. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Somewhat surprisingly, quantum features can be extracted from a classical bath. For this, we discuss a sample of three-level atoms in ladder configuration interacting only via the surrounding bath, and show that the fluorescence light emitted by this system exhibits non-classical properties. Typical realizations for such an environment are thermal baths for microwave transition frequencies, or incoherent broadband fields for optical transitions. In a small sample of atoms, the emitted light can be switched from sub- to super-poissonian and from anti-bunching to super-bunching controlled by the mean number of atoms in the sample. Larger samples allow to generate super-bunched light over a wide range of bath parameters and thus fluorescence light intensities. We also identify parameter ranges where the fields emitted on the two transitions are correlated or anti-correlated, such that the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality is violated. As in a moderately strong baths this violation occurs also for larger numbers of atoms, such samples exhibit mesoscopic quantum effects.
description: 4 pages
title: Ehrenamt und Engagement in Krisen und Katastrophen stärken
title: Materialsammlung und Praxishandreichungen für Behörden und Organisationen im Bevölkerungsschutz
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Merkes, Sara T.
name: Zimmermann, Theresa
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ehrenamt
subject: Bevölkerungsschutz
subject: Katastrophen
subject: Engagement in Krisen
subject: Spontanhilfe
subject: Zusammenarbeit
subject: Konzepte
subject: Praxismaterialien
subject: Official volunteering
subject: crisis volunteering
subject: civil protection
subject: disasters
subject: spontaneous aid
subject: cooperation
subject: concepts
subject: practical materials
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::300 Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie::300 Sozialwissenschaften

description: Diese Sammlung von über 150 Praxismaterialien zur Stärkung von Ehrenamt und Engagement in Bevölkerungsschutzkontexten umfasst sowohl Ansätze, die in Forschungsprojekten entwickelt worden sind als auch Beispiele von Ansätzen, die von Behörden und Organisationen im Bevölkerungsschutz entwickelt wurden. Darunter fallen Konzepte mit Fokus auf Gesellschaft, Aus- und Fortbildung, organisatorische Lösungen und technische Lösungen. Die Materialsammlung kann sowohl Behörden und Organisationen im Bevölkerungsschutz als auch Engagierten in Krisen außerhalb dieser als Überblick über bestehende Ansätze dienen.
description: This collection of more than 150 practical approaches and working materials to strengthening volunteerism and engagement in population protection contexts includes approaches developed in research projects as well as examples of approaches developed by civil protection agencies and organizations. These include concepts focusing on society, education and training, organizational solutions, and technical solutions. The collection of materials can serve as an overview of existing approaches for authorities and organizations in population protection as well as for crisis volunteers outside of these agencies.
Fractional Quantum Hall Effect in the Second Landau Level: the Importance of Inter-Composite-Fermion Interaction
Creators: name: Toke, Csaba
name: Peterson, Michael R.
name: Jeon, Gun Sang
name: Jain, Jainendra K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exact diagonalization of a two-dimensional electron gas in a strong magnetic field in the disk geometry shows that there exists a filling factor range in the second Landau level where the states significantly differ from those in the lowest Landau level. We show that the difference arises because the interaction between composite fermions is not negligible in higher Landau levels, as indicated by a substantial mixing between composite-fermion Landau-like levels, or lambda levels. We find that the exact ground state is well reproduced by composite fermion theory with lambda level mixing incorporated at the lowest level of approximation. Using the same variational approach in the spherical geometry we estimate the excitation gap at filling 1/3 in the second Landau level (which corresponds to 7/3 of experiment).
description: 13 pages, 10 figures. Submitted to Phys. Rev. B
Opinion and Action Plan on Data Protection and Privacy - Ethics&Society, Human Brain Project
Creators: name: Salles, Arleen
name: Stahl, Bernd
name: Bjaalie, Jan
name: Domingo-Ferrer, Josep
name: Rose, Nikolas
name: Rainey, Stephen
name: Spranger, Tade
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: ethics
society
action plan
data protection
data privacy
Human Brain Project

description: Abstract:  A fuller understanding of the human brain, better diagnoses and treatment of brain disorders, as well as the development of new brain-like technologies are all goals of the Human Brain Project (HBP). Realizing these goals requires the collection, storage, curation, and analysis of data of various sorts over extended periods of time. Securing privacy interests and advancing data protection measures are key concerns of the HBP. The HBP needs to comply with national and European data protection legislation and must go beyond existing legal protections and show ethical sensitivity to privacy concerns, even when such concerns fall outside regulatory frameworks. Recommendations made, in this opinion and action plan, includes measures to ensure data protection in data governance structures, adopting a privacy model when anonymizing data, privacy by design in systems development, exploring ICO tools for privacy management and data protection and the promotion of trust and transparency.
description: The research leading to this result has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under Grant Agreement No. 720270 (HBP SGA1)