cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Magnetic field amplification in accretion discs around the first stars: implications for the primordial IMF
Creators: name: Sharda, Piyush
name: Federrath, Christoph
name: Krumholz, Mark R.
name: Schleicher, Dominik R. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic fields play an important role in the dynamics of present-day molecular clouds. Recent work has shown that magnetic fields are equally important for primordial clouds, which form the first stars in the Universe. While the primordial magnetic field strength on cosmic scales is largely unconstrained, theoretical models strongly suggest that a weak seed field existed in the early Universe. We study how the amplification of such a weak field can influence the evolution of accretion discs around first stars, and thus affect the primordial initial mass function (IMF). We perform a suite of 3D ideal magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) simulations with different initial field strengths and numerical resolutions. We find that, in simulations with sufficient spatial resolution to resolve the Jeans scale during the collapse, even initially weak magnetic fields grow exponentially to become dynamically important due to both the so-called 'small-scale turbulent dynamo' and the 'large-scale mean-field dynamo'. Capturing the small-scale dynamo action depends primarily on how well we resolve the Jeans length, while capturing the large-scale dynamo depends on the Jeans resolution as well as the maximum absolute resolution. Provided enough resolution, we find that fragmentation does not depend strongly on the initial field strength, because even weak fields grow to become strong. However, fragmentation in runs with magnetic fields differs significantly from those without magnetic fields. We conclude that the development of dynamically strong magnetic fields during the formation of the first stars is likely inevitable, and that these fields had a significant impact on the primordial IMF.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures, 1 appendix. MNRAS, in press
Additional file 1 of Pharmaceutical subsidy policy in Iran: a qualitative stakeholder analysis
Creators: name: Olyaaeemanesh, Alireza
name: Jaafaripooyan, Ebrahim
name: Abdollahiasl, Akbar
name: Davari, Majid
name: Mousavi, Seyyed Meysam
name: Delpasand, Mansoor
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Interview guide.
Is There a Role for Government in Reducing the Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity?
Creators: name: Kuchler, Fred
name: Golan, Elise H.
name: Kuchler, Fred
name: Golan, Elise H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
Health Economics and Policy

description: Obesity is a sizable problem. Gaps in consumer information and the contribution of obesity to societal costs raise the possibility for government policy actions. However, any such action must be justified by benefits in excess of policy-induced costs.
Message under Revision: USDA Speaks About Beef, Pork, Cheese, and Obesity
Creators: name: Wilde, Parke E.
name: Wilde, Parke E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
Health Economics and Policy
Livestock Production/Industries

description: Interest groups and government policy provide a confusing setting for obesity policy. For example, the USDA and industry simultaneously bombard us with the messages "Eat More Beef" and "Aim for a Healthy Weight."
Symmetries in generalized Kähler geometry
Creators: name: Lin, Yi
name: Tolman, Susan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53C55; 53D17

description: We define the notion of a moment map and reduction in both generalized complex geometry and generalized Kähler geometry. As an application, we give very simple explicit constructions of bi-Hermitian structures on $\C¶^n$, Hirzebruch surfaces, the blow up of $\CP^2$ at arbitrarily many points, and other toric varieties, as well as complex Grassmannians.
description: 21 pages
US Agriculture and Climate Change: Perspectives from Recent Research
Creators: name: Reilly, John M.
name: Reilly, John M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Across several projections of climate change in the coming century, total food production in the United States is not found to be at risk. Some regions, however, could experience declining production and profitability due to unfavorable climate, water availability, ecological pressures, or extreme weather events.
LIoTS: League of IoT Sovereignties. A Scalable approach for a Transparent Privacy-safe Federation of Secured IoT Platforms
Creators: name: Cirillo, Flavio
name: Capuano, Nicola
name: Romano, Simon Pietro
name: Kovacs, Ernö
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.2.4

description: Internet-of-Things has entered all the fields where data are produced and processed, resulting in a plethora of IoT platforms, typically cloud-based, centralizing data and services management. This has brought to many disjoint IoT silos. Significant efforts have been devoted to integration, recurrently resulting into bigger centralized infrastructures. Such an approach often stumbles upon the reluctance of IoT system owners to loose the dominion over data. We introduce a secured and privacy-safe infrastructure where a federation overlay is distributed among parties and the data control is kept locally. This establishes a league of peers each sovereign of their IoT system and data: League of IoT Sovereignties (LIoTS). LIoTS is scalable by design, allowing iterative formation of domains levels due to the transparency of its federation. Tests show that the overhead is minimal when exchanged data is hefty, and that LIoTS performs better in large IoT deployments than centralized approaches.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, 1 table. Presented at the IEEE Local Networks Conference (LCN)
Aqueous and mineralogical analysis of arsenic in the reduced, circumneutral groundwaters and sediments of the Fraser River Delta, British Columbia
Creators: name: Bolton, Mark
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: An aqueous and mineralogical investigation of the groundwaters and sediments of the Fraser River delta, B C is presented. Groundwater and sediment samples were collected from two sites. The DND site is located in an upland area, approximately 3 km upgradient from the north arm of the Fraser River. The Kidd2 site is located adjacent to the north arm of the Fraser River. A saline water wedge extends inland from the bed of the Fraser River to the subsurface beneath the Kidd2 site. Concentrations of dissolved arsenic (As) are relatively low at the DND site, while concentrations of approximately 30 µg/L dissolved As are present within the saline water wedge, at the Kidd2 site. The aqueous geochemical data suggest that dissolved As is generated by the reduction of hydrous ferric oxide (HFO) minerals. The data also suggest that the elevated concentrations of dissolved As are correlated to the mass loading that occurs as dense saline water infiltrates from the base of the Fraser River into the adjacent aquifer. Sediment samples from both sites were analysed using a sequential extraction procedure (SEP) that was designed to target specific pools of solid-phase As. Results of the SEP analyses indicate that solid-phase As is present in the sediments at trace concentrations. However, processes such as sorption and the precipitation of arsenical sulphide minerals do not appear to be sufficient to mitigate the relatively elevated concentrations of dissolved As at the Kidd2 site. If concentrations of dissolved As at the Kidd2 site were to remain constant at 30 µg/L, the time required to flush the solid-phase As that is associated with HFO minerals from the sediments is estimated to be over 24,750 years. It would take significantly longer for the HFO-associated solid-phase As to be flushed from the upland areas of the delta, where mass loading of reactants to the groundwater is significantly lower. The results of this investigation indicate that a disturbance to the geochemistry of the Fraser River delta has the potential to generate significant concentrations of dissolved As, possibly as high as those encountered in other deltaic environments such as Bangladesh.
Diffuse-interface model for rapid phase transformations in nonequilibrium systems
Creators: name: Galenko, Peter
name: Jou, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A thermodynamic approach to rapid phase transformations within a diffuse interface in a binary system is developed. Assuming an extended set of independent thermodynamic variables formed by the union of the classic set of slow variables and the space of fast variables, we introduce finiteness of the heat and solute diffusive propagation at the finite speed of the interface advancing. To describe the transformation within the diffuse interface, we use the phase-field model which allows us to follow the steep but smooth change of phases within the width of diffuse interface. The governing equations of the phase-field model are derived for the hyperbolic model, model with memory, and for a model of nonlinear evolution of transformation within the diffuse-interface. The consistency of the model is proved by the condition of positive entropy production and by the outcomes of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem. A comparison with the existing sharp-interface and diffuse-interface versions of the model is given.
description: 15 pages, regular article submitted to Physical Review E
PRIORITIZATION OF SANITARY RESTRICATIONS FACING U.S. EXPORTS OF BOVINE, PORCINE, AND OVINE FOR DETERMINATION OF SURVEILLANCE NEEDS
Creators: name: Paarlberg, Philip L.
name: Seitzinger, Ann Hillberg
name: Lee, John G.
name: Haley, Mildred M.
name: Paarlberg, Philip L.
name: Seitzinger, Ann Hillberg
name: Lee, John G.
name: Haley, Mildred M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: sanitary restrictions
subject: exports
subject: trade

description: This research uses databases of sanitary regulations facing U.S. livestock exports to examine the frequency and cost of sanitary barriers. Many sanitary regulations potentially face livestock exports; however, relatively few apply to most animals. As a share of the export unit value, regulations costs for cattle and bovine semen exports are smaller than those for swine and sheep. Most of the sanitary regulations appear justified from an animal health standpoint. While the cost savings from reductions in regulations are not large, for those farms that do export animals and regions along the Canadian and Mexican borders the importance of potential cost savings are greater.
description: Replaced with revised version of paper 11/04/10.
On the asymptotic free boundary for the American put option problem
Creators: name: Hedenmalm, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Computational Finance (q-fin.CP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 91B28, 35K20

description: In practical work with American put options, it is important to be able to know when to exercise the option, and when not to do so. In computer simulation based on the standard theory of geometric Brownian motion for simulating stock price movements, this problem is fairly easy to handle for options with a short lifespan, by analyzing binomial trees. It is considerably more challenging to make the decision for American put options with long lifespan. In order to provide a satisfactory analysis, we look at the corresponding free boundary problem, and show that the free boundary -- which is the curve that separates the two decisions, to exercise or not to -- has an asymptotic expansion, where the coefficient of the main term is expressed as an integral in terms of the free boundary. This raises the perspective that one could use numerical simulation to approximate the integral and thus get an effective way to make correct decisions for long life options.
description: 17 pages
Additional file 2 of COVID-19: viral–host interactome analyzed by network based-approach model to study pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection
Creators: name: Messina, Francesco
name: Giombini, Emanuela
name: Agrati, Chiara
name: Vairo, Francesco
name: Bartoli, Tommaso Ascoli
name: Moghazi, Samir Al
name: Piacentini, Mauro
name: Locatelli, Franco
name: Kobinger, Gary
name: Maeurer, Markus
name: Alimuddin Zumla
name: Capobianchi, Maria R.
name: Lauria, Francesco Nicola
name: Ippolito, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Pairwise distances along 259 full length CoV genomes. In the bottom of picture, indicative gene positioning along CoVs genomes is reported. The list of all considered genomes is reported in Additional file 1: Table S1. Figure S2. 3D structure of S-glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 and comparison with the ortholog from HCoV-229E, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV. Lateral (a) and superior (b) representation of SARS-CoV-2 S-glycoprotein, deducted for the sequence of patient INMI1 (MT066156.1). Each subunit chain has a different color. Structure comparison of S-glycoprotein subunit between: HCoV-229E and SARS-CoV-2, in purple and blue respectively (c); SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, in red and blue, respectively (d); MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, in green and blue, respectively (e). Figure S3. Amino acid alignment and secondary motifs in the receptor binding domain (RBD) of S-glycoprotein of HCoV-229E, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 are shown. Legend of secondary motifs identifiers: H = α Helix, E = β Sheet, X = Random coil. Figure S4. HCoV-229E–host interactome resulting from RWR applied to the top 200 closest proteins identified by RWR, using S-glycoprotein of HCoV-229E. Figure S5. SARS-CoV–host interactome resulting from RWR applied to the top 200 closest proteins identified by RWR, using S-glycoprotein of SARS-CoV. Figure S6. MERS-CoV–host interactome resulting from RWR applied to the top 200 closest proteins identified by RWR, using S-glycoprotein of MERS-CoV.
Effects of Family, Friends, and Relative Prices on Fruit and Vegetable Consumption by African American Youths
Creators: name: Zhylyevskyy, Oleksandr
name: Jensen, Helen H.
name: Garasky, Steven B.
name: Cutrona, Carolyn E.
name: Gibbons, Frederick X.
name: Zhylyevskyy, Oleksandr
name: Jensen, Helen H.
name: Garasky, Steven B.
name: Cutrona, Carolyn E.
name: Gibbons, Frederick X.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: endogenous effects
subject: fruit and vegetable consumption
subject: healthy food choices
subject: simultaneous equation ordered probit model
subject: social interactions.

description: Facilitating healthy eating among young people, particularly among minorities who are at high risk for gaining excess weight, is at the forefront of the current policy discussions in the U.S. We investigate the effects of social interactions and relative prices on fruit and vegetable consumption by African American youths. We estimate a simultaneous equation ordered probit model of food intake using rich behavioral data from the Family and Community Health Study and price data from the Economic Research Service’s Quarterly Food-at-Home Price Database. We find the presence of endogenous effects between a youth and parent, but not between a youth and friend. Lower relative prices of fruits and vegetables tend to increase intakes. Results suggest that health interventions targeting only one family member may be a cost-effective way to increase fruit and vegetable intake by African Americans because of the existence of “spillover” consumption effects between the youths and their parents.
Experimental One-Way Quantum Computing
Creators: name: Walther, P.
name: Resch, K. J.
name: Rudolph, T.
name: Schenck, E.
name: Weinfurter, H.
name: Vedral, V.
name: Aspelmeyer, M.
name: Zeilinger, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Standard quantum computation is based on sequences of unitary quantum logic gates which process qubits. The one-way quantum computer proposed by Raussendorf and Briegel is entirely different. It has changed our understanding of the requirements for quantum computation and more generally how we think about quantum physics. This new model requires qubits to be initialized in a highly-entangled cluster state. From this point, the quantum computation proceeds by a sequence of single-qubit measurements with classical feedforward of their outcomes. Because of the essential role of measurement a one-way quantum computer is irreversible. In the one-way quantum computer the order and choices of measurements determine the algorithm computed. We have experimentally realized four-qubit cluster states encoded into the polarization state of four photons. We fully characterize the quantum state by implementing the first experimental four-qubit quantum state tomography. Using this cluster state we demonstrate the feasibility of one-way quantum computing through a universal set of one- and two-qubit operations. Finally, our implementation of Grover's search algorithm demonstrates that one-way quantum computation is ideally suited for such tasks.
description: 36 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables
Interfacial giant tunnel magnetoresistance and bulk-induced large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in (111)-oriented junctions with fcc ferromagnetic alloys: A first-principles study
Creators: name: Masuda, Keisuke
name: Itoh, Hiroyoshi
name: Sonobe, Yoshiaki
name: Sukegawa, Hiroaki
name: Mitani, Seiji
name: Miura, Yoshio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) effect and magnetocrystalline anisotropy in a series of magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) with $L1_1$-ordered fcc ferromagnetic alloys and MgO barrier along the [111] direction. Considering the (111)-oriented MTJs with different $L1_1$ alloys, we calculate their TMR ratios and magnetocrystalline anisotropies on the basis of the first-principles calculations. The analysis shows that the MTJs with Co-based alloys (CoNi, CoPt, and CoPd) have high TMR ratios over 2000$\%$. These MTJs have energetically favored Co-O interfaces where interfacial antibonding between Co $d$ and O $p$ states is formed around the Fermi level. We find that the resonant tunneling of the antibonding states, called the interface resonant tunneling, is the origin of the obtained high TMR ratios. Our calculation of the magnetocrystalline anisotropy shows that many $L1_1$ alloys have large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA). In particular, CoPt has the largest value of anisotropy energy $K_{\rm u} \approx 10\,{\rm MJ/m^3}$. We further conduct a perturbation analysis of the PMA with respect to the spin-orbit interaction and reveal that the large PMA in CoPt and CoNi mainly originates from spin-conserving perturbation processes around the Fermi level.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables
Additional file 1 of The cost-effectiveness of B-type natriuretic peptide-guided care in compared to standard clinical assessment in outpatients with heart failure in Tehran, Iran
Creators: name: Rezapour, Aziz
name: Palmer, Andrew J.
name: Alipour, Vahid
name: Hajahmadi, Marjan
name: Jafari, Abdosaleh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Direct and Indirect Costs in BNP and standard clinical assessment.
Enhanced back-translation for low resource neural machine translation using self-training
Creators: name: Abdulmumin, Idris
name: Galadanci, Bashir Shehu
name: Isa, Abubakar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Improving neural machine translation (NMT) models using the back-translations of the monolingual target data (synthetic parallel data) is currently the state-of-the-art approach for training improved translation systems. The quality of the backward system - which is trained on the available parallel data and used for the back-translation - has been shown in many studies to affect the performance of the final NMT model. In low resource conditions, the available parallel data is usually not enough to train a backward model that can produce the qualitative synthetic data needed to train a standard translation model. This work proposes a self-training strategy where the output of the backward model is used to improve the model itself through the forward translation technique. The technique was shown to improve baseline low resource IWSLT'14 English-German and IWSLT'15 English-Vietnamese backward translation models by 11.06 and 1.5 BLEUs respectively. The synthetic data generated by the improved English-German backward model was used to train a forward model which out-performed another forward model trained using standard back-translation by 2.7 BLEU.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures, 5 tables; Accepted for publication in the International Conference on Information and Communication Technology and Applications (ICTA 2020)
Ripples and Ripples
Creators: name: Aste, T.
name: Valbusa, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the morphological evolution of surfaces during ion sputtering and we compare their dynamical roughening with aeolian ripple formation in sandy deserts. We show that, although the two phenomena are physically different, they must obey to similar geometrical constraints and therefore can be described within the same theoretical framework. The present theory distinguish between atoms that stay bounded in the bulk and others that are mobile on the surface. We describe the excavation mechanisms, the adsorption and the surface mobility by means of a continuous equation derived from the study of dune formation on sand. This approach can explain the different dynamical behaviors experimentally observed in metals or in semiconductors and amorphous systems. We also show that this novel approach can describe the occurrence of ripple rotation in the $(x,y)$ plane induced by changes in the sputtering incidence angle.
description: 23 pages 12 figures
Scale analysis of avalanche activity on persistent snowpack weaknesses with respect to large-scale backcountry avalanche forecasting
Creators: name: Haegeli, Pascal Thomas
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Information about existing snowpack weaknesses is pertinent for backcountry avalanche forecasting. The incorporation of detailed information about snowpack weaknesses, however, significantly increases the complexity of the forecasting process. The goal of this research was to examine the scale characteristics of persistent snowpack weaknesses and related avalanche activity with respect to large-scale backcountry avalanche forecasting (≥1000 km²). The study focuses on the snowpack of the mountain ranges in Western Canada, namely the maritime Southern Coast Mountains, the transitional Columbia Mountains and the continental Rocky Mountains. Scaling and scale issues are of fundamental importance in the avalanche forecasting process due to the multi-scale character of the avalanche phenomenon. While professionals have developed successful strategies to use information across scales, scaling has to be incorporated explicitly into formalized forecasting approaches. Hierarchy theory (Ahl and Allen, 1996) is used as a conceptual framework for discussing scale issues in avalanche forecasting. The two-dimensional reference system consists of a temporal hierarchy of seven levels representing the main groups of factors contributing to avalanches. Within each temporal level, there is an embedded spatial hierarchy of processes. The SNOWBASE database of Canadian Mountains Holidays (1996/97 - 2000/01) and the InfoEx dataset of the Canadian Avalanche Association (1991/92 - 2001/02) were used to examine the temporal and spatial characteristics of three main types of persistent snowpack weaknesses (weak layers of faceted grains, surface hoar layers and pure crust interfaces) and their related avalanche activity. While significant weaknesses of all types were frequently observed across large parts of the study area, avalanche activity related to the three different weakness types exhibited distinct patterns in space and time. 'Avalanche winter regimes' are suggested as a new classification scheme for describing local avalanche characteristics with respect to forecasting. While existing snow climate classifications (see, e.g., Mock and Birkeland, 2000) focus only on the average winter weather characteristics, it is the comprehensive character of a winter including the sequence of events that produce persistent weaknesses that is of crucial importance for backcountry avalanche forecasting. The analysis reveals three distinct avalanche winter regimes for Western Canada.
Additional file 1 of Evaluation of superficial femoral artery-lesions after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty: color-coded summation images vs. monochromatic digital subtraction angiography
Creators: name: Augustin, Anne Marie
name: Thein, Irina
name: Rickert, Nicole
name: Klink, Thorsten
name: Bley, Thorsten Alexander
name: Kickuth, Ralph
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Scission configuration of $^{239}$U from yields and kinetic information of fission fragments
Creators: name: Ramos, D.
name: Caamano, M.
name: Lemasson, A.
name: Rejmund, M.
name: Audouin, L.
name: Alvarez-Pol, H.
name: Frankland, J. D.
name: Fernandez-Dominguez, B.
name: Galiana-Baldo, E.
name: Piot, J.
name: Ackermann, D.
name: Biswas, S.
name: Clement, E.
name: Durand, D.
name: Farget, F.
name: Fregeau, M. O.
name: Galaviz, D.
name: Heinz, A.
name: Henriques, A. I.
name: Jacquot, B.
name: Jurado, B.
name: Kim, Y. H.
name: Morfouace, P.
name: Ralet, D.
name: Roger, T.
name: Schmitt, C.
name: Teubig, P.
name: Tsekhanovich, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The simultaneous measurement of the isotopic fission-fragment yields and fission-fragment velocities of $^{239}$U has been performed for the first time. The $^{239}$U fissioning system was produced in one-neutron transfer reactions between a $^{238}$U beam at 5.88 MeV/nucleon and a $^{9}$Be target. The combination of inverse kinematics at low energy and the use of the VAMOS++ spectrometer at the GANIL facility allows the isotopic identification of the full fission-fragment distribution and their velocity in the reference frame of the fissioning system. The proton and neutron content of the fragments at scission, their total kinetic and total excitation energy, as well as the neutron multiplicity were determined. Information from the scission point configuration is obtained from these observables and the correlation between them. The role of the octupole-deformed proton and neutron shells in the fission-fragment production is discussed.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
L and T Dwarf Models and the L to T Transition
Creators: name: Burrows, Adam
name: Sudarsky, David
name: Hubeny, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a model for refractory clouds, a novel algorithm for handling them, and the latest gas-phase molecular opacities, we have produced a new series of L and T dwarf spectral and atmosphere models as a function of gravity and metallicity, spanning the \teff range from 2200 K to 700 K. The correspondence with observed spectra and infrared colors for early- and mid-L dwarfs and for mid- to late-T dwarfs is good. We find that the width in infrared color-magnitude diagrams of both the T and L dwarf branches is naturally explained by reasonable variations in gravity and, therefore, that gravity is the "second parameter" of the L/T dwarf sequence. We investigate the dependence of theoretical dwarf spectra and color-magnitude diagrams upon various cloud properties, such as particle size and cloud spatial distribution. In the region of the L$\to$T transition, we find that no one cloud-particle-size and gravity combination can be made to fit all the observed data. Furthermore, we note that the new, lower solar oxygen abundances of Allende-Prieto, Lambert, & Asplund (2002) produce better fits to brown dwarf data than do the older values. Finally, we discuss various issues in cloud physics and modeling and speculate on how a better correspondence between theory and observation in the problematic L$\to$T transition region might be achieved.
description: accepted to the Astrophysical Journal, 21 figures (20 in color); spectral models in electronic form available at http://zenith.as.arizona.edu/~burrows
A continuous-time solver for quantum impurity models
Creators: name: Werner, Philipp
name: Comanac, Armin
name: De Medici, Luca
name: Troyer, Matthias
name: Millis, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new continuous time solver for quantum impurity models such as those relevant to dynamical mean field theory. It is based on a stochastic sampling of a perturbation expansion in the impurity-bath hybridization parameter. Comparisons to quantum Monte Carlo and exact diagonalization calculations confirm the accuracy of the new approach, which allows very efficient simulations even at low temperatures and for strong interactions. As examples of the power of the method we present results for the temperature dependence of the kinetic energy and the free energy, enabling an accurate location of the temperature-driven metal-insulator transition.
description: Published version
Additional file 1 of Application of smart mosquito monitoring traps for the mosquito forecast systems by Seoul Metropolitan city
Creators: name: Na, Sumi
name: Hoonbok Yi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Linked DMS and AWS. The nearest AWS devices from each DMS were used for the prediction formula analysis (geography type: I: waterside area, II: residence area, III: park area).
Additional file 1 of Design and implementation of a Pacific intervention to increase uptake of urate-lowering therapy for gout: a study protocol
Creators: name: Ofanoa, Malakai
name: Ofanoa, Samuela Malakai
name: Heather, Maryann
name: Tu’akoi, Siobhan
name: Lutui, Hinamaha
name: Dalbeth, Nicola
name: Grey, Corina
name: van der Werf, Bert
name: Goodyear-Smith, Felicity
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. STROBE Statement—Checklist of items that should be included in reports of cohort studies.
Development impact of higher education in Africa: The case of Uganda
Creators: name: Obowna, Marios
name: Ssewanyana, Sarah N.
name: Obowna, Marios
name: Ssewanyana, Sarah N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Public Economics
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Education
subject: Universities
subject: GDP
subject: Ssewanyana
subject: EPRC

description: Using macro data from a series of household surveys, the paper demonstrates that to some extent there is positive correlation between per capita GDP growth and student enrollment in public universities in Uganda. It also finds that the higher education graduates employed in those sectors which have recorded higher growth rates. The higher education graduates do contribute to the economy indirectly through tax revenues which are in turn used to support social programs among others that benefit the society at large. the paper also demonstrates that the share of taxes from higher education graduates has been increasing over time...
Multiple Flat Bands and Topological Hofstadter Butterfly in Twisted Bilayer Graphene Close to the Second Magic Angle
Creators: name: Lu, Xiaobo
name: Lian, Biao
name: Chaudhary, Gaurav
name: Piot, Benjamin A.
name: Romagnoli, Giulio
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Poggio, Martino
name: MacDonald, Allan H.
name: Bernevig, B. Andrei
name: Efetov, Dmitri K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Moiré superlattices in two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures provide 20 an efficient way to engineer electron band properties. The recent discovery of exotic quantum phases and their interplay in twisted bilayer graphene (tBLG) has built this moiré system one of the most renowned condensed matter platforms (1-10). So far the studies of tBLG has been mostly focused on the lowest two flat moiré bands at the first magic angle θm1 ~ 1.1°, leaving high-order moiré bands and magic angles largely unexplored. Here we report 25 an observation of multiple well-isolated flat moiré bands in tBLG close to the second magic angle θm2 ~ 0.5°, which cannot be explained without considering electron-election interactions. With high magnetic field magneto-transport measurements, we further reveal a qualitatively new, energetically unbound Hofstadter butterfly spectrum in which continuously extended quantized Landau level gaps cross all trivial band-gaps. The 30 connected Hofstadter butterfly strongly evidences the topologically nontrivial textures of the multiple moiré bands. Overall, our work provides a new perspective for understanding the quantum phases in tBLG and the fractal Hofstadter spectra of multiple topological bands.
Gravitino Dark Matter in the CMSSM and Implications for Leptogenesis and the LHC
Creators: name: Roszkowski, Leszek
name: de Austri, Roberto Ruiz
name: Choi, Ki-Young
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of the CMSSM we study the gravitino as the lightest supersymmetric particle and the dominant component of cold dark matter in the Universe. We include both a thermal contribution to its relic abundance from scatterings in the plasma and a non--thermal one from neutralino or stau decays after freeze--out. In general both contributions can be important, although in different regions of the parameter space. We further include constraints from BBN on electromagnetic and hadronic showers, from the CMB blackbody spectrum and from collider and non--collider SUSY searches. The region where the neutralino is the next--to--lightest superpartner is severely constrained by a conservative bound from excessive electromagnetic showers and probably basically excluded by the bound from hadronic showers, while the stau case remains mostly allowed. In both regions the constraint from CMB is often important or even dominant. In the stau case, for the assumed reasonable ranges of soft SUSY breaking parameters, we find regions where the gravitino abundance is in agreement with the range inferred from CMB studies, provided that, in many cases, a reheating temperature $\treh$ is large, $\treh\sim10^{9}\gev$. On the other side, we find an upper bound $\treh\lsim 5\times 10^{9}\gev$. Less conservative bounds from BBN or an improvement in measuring the CMB spectrum would provide a dramatic squeeze on the whole scenario, in particular it would strongly disfavor the largest values of $\treh\sim 10^{9}\gev$. The regions favored by the gravitino dark matter scenario are very different from standard regions corresponding to the neutralino dark matter, and will be partly probed at the LHC.
description: JHEP version, several improvements and updates
Innovative Learning Across Borders: Enhancing Chemical Engineering Education
Creators: name: Marchini, Sara
name: Schubert, Markus
name: Russo, Vincenzo
name: Di Serio, Martino
name: Haase, Stefan
name: Wärnå, Johan
name: Salmi, Tapio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: InnoLAB (Innovative Learning Across Borders) is an Erasmus+ Cooperation Partnership project focused on aligning academic education with the fast-changing industrial landscape, particularly in the areas of energy transition, environmental sustainability and digital transformation. This poster has been prepared after the kick-off event for presenting the project, its aims and main planned activities to the general public.

Project Timeline: 31.12.2024 - 30.12-2027Funding:  Eramsus+ Cooperation Partnership (EU) 2024-1-DE01-KA220-HED-000255967Project Partners: Dresden University of Technology (Coordinating institution)(Germany), University of Applied Sciences Dresden (Germany), Abo Akademi University (Finland), University of Naples Federico II (Italy). 

 

InnoLAB is funded by the European Union (2024-1-DE01-KA220-HED-000255967). Views and opinions expressed are, however, those of the authors only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the NA DAAD. Neither the European Union nor NA DAAD can be held responsible for them.
The Impact of China's Fiscal Expenditure in Agriculture on Farmer’s Income
Creators: name: Xing, Wen-Yan
name: Xing, Wen-Yan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Financial expenditure in agriculture
subject: Farmer’s income
subject: Urban and rural incomes
subject: Rural per capita income
subject: China

description: Based on the account of the vital role which the national finance played in supporting agriculture, the thesis presents the current situation of financial support for agriculture in China, in terms of the limited scale and irrational structure of financial support expenditure in agriculture. On the basis of the brief introduction of the current level of Chinese farmers’ income, the thesis discusses the effects of scale and irrational structure of financial support expenditure in agriculture on the farmers’ income, according to the related data of financial support expenditure in agriculture and rural per capita net income. The results indicate that the calculating regression equation has a remarkable explanation power, reflecting the positive role of financial support expenditure in agriculture played by national finance in increasing the farmers’ income. As regards the structure of financial support expenditure in agriculture at present, according to the proportion from high to low, the expenditure primarily consists of three parts from high to low in sequence as follows: productive expenditure and funds for public undertakings, capital construction expenditure, and rural relief expenditure plus science and technology funds. Such sequence deviates from the marginal production effects of financial support expenditure in agriculture and the correlation of farmers’ income, which demonstrates the severe irrationality of the structure of financial support expenditure in agriculture. Corresponding countermeasures are put forward as follows: on one hand, we should continue intensifying the efforts to support agriculture financially in order to form a regular increase mechanism; on the other hand, we should adjust and optimize the structure of financial support expenditure in agriculture, and further crystallize the investment flows.
Magnonic Quadrupole Topological Insulator in Antiskyrmion Crystals
Creators: name: Hirosawa, Tomoki
name: Diaz, Sebastian A.
name: Klinovaja, Jelena
name: Loss, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When the crystalline symmetries that protect a higher-order topological phase are not preserved at the boundaries of the sample, gapless hinge modes or in-gap corner states cannot be stabilized. Therefore, careful engineering of the sample termination is required. Similarly, magnetic textures, whose quantum fluctuations determine the supported magnonic excitations, tend to relax to new configurations that may also break crystalline symmetries when boundaries are introduced. Here we uncover that antiskyrmion crystals provide an experimentally accessible platform to realize a magnonic topological quadrupole insulator, whose hallmark signature are robust magnonic corner states. Furthermore, we show that tuning an applied magnetic field can trigger the self-assembly of antiskyrmions carrying a fractional topological charge along the sample edges. Crucially, these fractional antiskyrmions restore the symmetries needed to enforce the emergence of the magnonic corner states. Using the machinery of nested Wilson loops, adapted to magnonic systems supported by noncollinear magnetic textures, we demonstrate the quantization of the bulk quadrupole moment, edge dipole moments, and corner charges.
Exciton photon strong-coupling regime for a single quantum dot in a microcavity
Creators: name: Peter, Emmanuelle
name: Senellart, Pascale
name: Martrou, David
name: Lemaitre, Aristide
name: Bloch, Jacqueline
name: Hours, Julien
name: Gerard, Jean-Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the observation of the strong coupling regime between a single GaAs quantum dot and a microdisk optical mode. Photoluminescence is performed at various temperatures to tune the quantum dot exciton with respect to the optical mode. At resonance, we observe an anticrossing, signature of the strong coupling regime with a well resolved doublet. The Vacuum Rabi splitting amounts to 400 μeV and is twice as large as the individual linewidths.
description: submitted on November 7th 2004
Revealing virtual processes in the phase space
Creators: name: Maniscalco, Sabrina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The short time dynamics of a quantum Brownian particle in a harmonic potential is studied in the phase space. An exact non-Markovian analytic approach to calculate the time evolution of the Wigner function is presented. The dynamics of the Wigner function of an initially squeezed state is analyzed. It is shown that virtual exchanges of energy between the particle and the reservoir, characterizing the non-Lindblad short time dynamics where system-reservoir correlations are not negligible, show up in the phase space.
description: Minor changes according to referees' suggestions
Performance and design of consensus on matrix-weighted and time scaled graphs
Creators: name: Foight, Dillon R.
name: de Badyn, Mathias Hudoba
name: Mesbahi, Mehran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we consider the $\mathcal{H}_2$-norm of networked systems with multi-time scale consensus dynamics and vector-valued agent states. This allows us to explore how measurement and process noise affect consensus on matrix-weighted graphs by examining edge-state consensus. In particular, we highlight an interesting case where the influences of the weighting and scaling on the $\mathcal{H}_2$ norm can be separated in the design problem. We then consider optimization algorithms for updating the time scale parameters and matrix weights in order to minimize network response to injected noise. Finally, we present an application to formation control for multi-vehicle systems.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, accepted to the IEEE Transactions on Control of Network Systems. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1909.07864
Some Striking New STAR Results
Creators: name: Gagliardi, C. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent high-statistics Au+Au and Cu+Cu runs at RHIC have provided a wealth of new data that allow STAR to answer several outstanding questions regarding the nature of the hot, dense medium that is created in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions. However, the new data also raise new questions that require further study. Here, we focus on a few qualitatively new results presented by STAR for the first time at Quark Matter `05.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, STAR Focus Talk write-up to appear in Quark Matter 2005 proceedings