cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Selective, Activity-Dependent Uptake of Histamine into an Arthropod Photoreceptor
Creators: name: Stuart, Ann E.
name: Kempter, Elizabeth
name: Morgan, Jennifer R.
name: Mekeel, Harold E.
name: Callaway, Joseph C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1996

description: The synapses made by many arthropod photoreceptors are disinhibitory and use histamine as their transmitter. Because decreases and not increases in the cleft concentration of transmitter constitute the important event at these synapses, a transporter to clear the cleft of histamine would seem particularly crucial to signal transfer. We report here that
Motion of a system of oscillators under the generalized dry friction control
Creators: name: Ovseevich, Alexander
name: Fedorov, Aleksey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 93B52, 34H05, 34A36

description: The problem of the existence and uniqueness of the motion of the system of an arbitrary number linear oscillators under a generalized dry-friction type control is studied. This type of control arises in the problem of steering the system to equilibrium. The problem of existence and uniqueness of motion under the suggested control is resolved within the framework of the DiPerna--Lions theory of singular ordinary differential equations.
description: 7 pages; presented at the XII All-Russian Conference on Control Problems (Moscow, June 16-19, 2014); the subject has grown out of study arXiv:1308.6090; published version
Neutron-antineutron transition as a test-bed for dynamical CPT violations
Creators: name: Addazi, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show a simple mechanism for a dynamical CPT violation in the neutron sector. In particular, we show a {\it CPT-violating see-saw mechanism}, generating a Majorana mass and a CPT violating mass for the neutron. CPT-violating see-saw involves a sterile partner of the neutron, living in a hidden sector, in which CPT is spontaneously broken. In particular, neutrons (antineutrons) can communicate with the hidden sector through non-perturbative quantum gravity effects called {\it exotic instantons}. Exotic instantons dynamically break R-parity, generating one effective vertex between the neutron and its sterile partner. In this way, we show how a small CPT violating mass term for the neutron is naturally generated. This model can be tested in the next generation of experiments in neutron-antineutron physics. This strongly motivates researches of CPT-violating effects in neutron-antineutron physics, as a test-bed for dynamical CPT-violations in SM.
description: More references. More comments about phenomenological aspects and model building
title: Pensacola Fishing Bridge Replacement
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: Endangered Species Act - Section 7 Consultation Draft Biological Opinion PA-04-04564-PW-00698 PN 172139, Pensacola Fishing Bridge Replacement, Pensacola, Escambia County, Florida
Creators: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. Southeast Region
Publisher: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. Southeast Region
Year: 2024

description: SERO-2023-01766
Observation of the zero Hall plateau in a quantum anomalous Hall insulator
Creators: name: Feng, Yang
name: Feng, Xiao
name: Ou, Yunbo
name: Wang, Jing
name: Liu, Chang
name: Zhang, Liguo
name: Zhao, Dongyang
name: Jiang, Gaoyuan
name: Zhang, Shou-Cheng
name: He, Ke
name: Ma, Xucun
name: Xue, Qi-Kun
name: Wang, Yayu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) effect in magnetic topological insulator (TI) is a novel transport phenomenon in which the Hall resistance reaches the quantum plateau in the absence of external magnetic field. Recently, this exotic effect has been discovered experimentally in an ultrathin film of the Bi2Te3 family TI with spontaneous ferromagnetic (FM) order. An important question concerning the QAH state is whether it is simply a zero-magnetic-field version of the quantum Hall (QH) effect, or if there is new physics beyond the conventional paradigm. Here we report experimental investigations on the quantum phase transition between the two opposite Hall plateaus of a QAH insulator caused by magnetization reversal. We observe a well-defined plateau with zero Hall conductivity over a range of magnetic field around coercivity, consistent with a recent theoretical prediction. The features of the zero Hall plateau are shown to be closely related to that of the QAH effect, but its temperature evolution exhibits quantitative differences from the network model for conventional QH plateau transition. We propose that the chiral edge states residing at the magnetic domain boundaries, which are unique to a QAH insulator, are responsible for the zero Hall plateau. The rich magnetic domain dynamics makes the QAH effect a distinctive class of quantum phenomenon that may find novel applications in spintronics.
description: 4 figures, supplementary information included
Brain Aging: Changes in the Nature of Information Coding by the Hippocampus
Creators: name: Eichenbaum, Howard
name: Tanila, Heikki
name: Shapiro, Matthew
name: Gallagher, Michela
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1997

description: Advanced age in rats is associated with a decline in spatial memory capacities dependent on hippocampal processing. As yet, however, little is known about the nature of age-related alterations in the information encoded by the hippocampus. Young rats and aged rats identified as intact or impaired in spatial learning capacity were trained on a radial arm maze task, and then multiple parameters of the environmental cues were manipulated to characterize the changes in firing patterns of hippocampal neurons corresponding to the presence of particular cues or the spatial relationships among them. The scope of information encoded by the hippocampus was reduced in memory-impaired aged subjects, even though the number of neurons responsive to salient environmental cues was not different from that in young rats. Furthermore, after repeated manipulations of the cues, memory-intact aged rats, like young rats, altered their spatial representations, whereas memory-impaired aged rats showed reduced plasticity of their representation throughout testing. Thus changes in hippocampal memory representation associated with aging and memory loss can be characterized as a rigid encoding of only part of the available information.
(1386) Annie Longley
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Reversible Jump PDMP Samplers for Variable Selection
Creators: name: Chevallier, Augustin
name: Fearnhead, Paul
name: Sutton, Matt
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A new class of Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithms, based on simulating piecewise deterministic Markov processes (PDMPs), has recently shown great promise: they are non-reversible, can mix better than standard MCMC algorithms, and can use subsampling ideas to speed up computation in big data scenarios. However, current PDMP samplers can only sample from posterior densities that are differentiable almost everywhere, which precludes their use for model choice. Motivated by variable selection problems, we show how to develop reversible jump PDMP samplers that can jointly explore the discrete space of models and the continuous space of parameters. Our framework is general: it takes any existing PDMP sampler, and adds two types of trans-dimensional moves that allow for the addition or removal of a variable from the model. We show how the rates of these trans-dimensional moves can be calculated so that the sampler has the correct invariant distribution. We remove a variable from a model when the associated parameter is zero, and this means that the rates of the trans-dimensional moves do not depend on the likelihood. It is, thus, easy to implement a reversible jump version of any PDMP sampler that can explore a fixed model.
Supplementary Material from Sexual ornaments but not weapons trade off against testes size in primates
Creators: name: Lüpold, Stefan
name: Simmons, Leigh W.
name: Grueter, Cyril C.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Extended methods, figures and tables
The star-triangle relation and 3d superconformal indices
Creators: name: Gahramanov, I.
name: Spiridonov, V. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconformal indices of 3d N=2 supersymmetric field theories are investigated from the Yang-Baxter equation point of view. Solutions of the star-triangle relation, vertex and IRF Yang-Baxter equations are expressed in terms of the q-special functions associated with these 3d indices. For a two-dimensional monopole-spin system on the square lattice a free energy per spin is explicitly determined. Similar to the partition functions, superconformal indices of 3d theories with the chiral symmetry breaking reduce to Dirac delta functions with the support on chemical potentials of the preserved flavor groups.
description: 20 pages, v2: minor corrections, comments and refs. added
(1381) John Brown Longley
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Non-isothermal fluctuating hydrodynamics and Brownian motion
Creators: name: Falasco, G.
name: Kroy, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The classical theory of Brownian dynamics follows from coarse-graining the underlying linearized fluctuating hydrodynamics of the solvent. We extend this procedure to globally non-isothermal conditions, requiring only a local thermal equilibration of the solvent. Starting from the conservation laws, we establish the stochastic equations of motion for the fluid momentum fluctuations in the presence of a suspended Brownian particle. These are then contracted to the non-isothermal generalized Langevin description of the suspended particle alone, for which the coupling to stochastic temperature fluctuations is found to be negligible under typical experimental conditions.
description: 9 pages
Characterization of Guanylate Kinase-Associated Protein, a Postsynaptic Density Protein at Excitatory Synapses That Interacts Directly with Postsynaptic Density-95/Synapse-Associated Protein 90
Creators: name: Craig, Ann Marie
name: Rao, Anuradha
name: Naisbitt, Scott
name: Yang, Fu Chia
name: Sheng, Morgan
name: Kim, Eunjoon
name: Weinberg, Richard J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1997

description: The structure of central synapses is poorly understood at the molecular level. A recent advance came with the identification of the postsynaptic density-95 (PSD-95)/synapse-associated protein 90 family of proteins as important mediators of the synaptic clustering of certain classes of ion channels. By yeast two-hybrid screening, a novel protein termed guanylate kinase-associated protein (GKAP) has been isolated that binds to the GK-like domain of PSD-95 (
On the age of Galactic bulge microlensed dwarf and subgiant stars
Creators: name: Valle, G.
name: Dell'Omodarme, M.
name: Moroni, P. G. Prada
name: Degl'Innocenti, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent results by Bensby and collaborators on the ages of microlensed stars in the Galactic bulge have challenged the picture of an exclusively old stellar population. However, these age estimates have not been independently confirmed. In this paper we verify these results by means of a grid-based method and quantify the systematic biases that might be induced by some assumptions adopted to compute stellar models. We explore the impact of increasing the initial helium abundance, neglecting the element microscopic diffusion, and changing the mixing-length calibration in theoretical stellar track computations. We adopt the SCEPtER pipeline with a novel stellar model grid for metallicities [Fe/H] from -2.00 to 0.55 dex, and masses in the range [0.60; 1.60] Msun from the ZAMS to the helium flash at the red giant branch tip. We show for the considered evolutionary phases that our technique provides unbiased age estimates. Our age results are in good agreement with Bensby and collaborators findings and show 16 stars younger than 5 Gyr and 28 younger than 9 Gyr over a sample of 58. The effect of a helium enhancement as large as Delta Y/Delta Z = 5 is quite modest, resulting in a mean age increase of metal rich stars of 0.6 Gyr. Even simultaneously adopting a high helium content and the upper values of age estimates, there is evidence of 4 stars younger than 5 Gyr and 15 younger than 9 Gyr. For stars younger than 5 Gyr, the use of stellar models computed by neglecting microscopic diffusion or by assuming a super-solar mixing-length value leads to a mean increase in the age estimates of about 0.4 Gyr and 0.5 Gyr respectively. Even considering the upper values for the age estimates, there are four stars estimated younger than 5 Gyr is in both cases. Thus, the assessment of a sizeable fraction of young stars among the microlensed sample in the Galactic bulge appears robust.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. Abstract shortened
Chemical abundances and properties of the ionized gas in NGC 1705
Creators: name: Annibali, F.
name: Tosi, M.
name: Pasquali, A.
name: Aloisi, A.
name: Mignoli, M.
name: Romano, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtained [O III] narrow-band imaging and multi-slit MXU spectroscopy of the blue compact dwarf (BCD) galaxy NGC 1705 with FORS2@VLT to derive chemical abundances of PNe and H II regions and, more in general, to characterize the properties of the ionized gas. The auroral [O III]\lambda4363 line was detected in all but one of the eleven analyzed regions, allowing for a direct estimate of their electron temperature. The only object for which the [O III]\lambda4363 line was not detected is a possible low-ionization PN, the only one detected in our data. For all the other regions, we derived the abundances of Nitrogen, Oxygen, Neon, Sulfur and Argon out to ~ 1 kpc from the galaxy center. We detect for the first time in NGC 1705 a negative radial gradient in the oxygen metallicity of -0.24 \pm 0.08 dex kpc^{-1}. The element abundances are all consistent with values reported in the literature for other samples of dwarf irregular and blue compact dwarf galaxies. However, the average (central) oxygen abundance, 12 + log(O/H)=7.96 \pm 0.04, is ~0.26 dex lower than previous literature estimates for NGC 1705 based on the [O III]\lambda4363 line. From classical emission-line diagnostic diagrams, we exclude a major contribution from shock excitation. On the other hand, the radial behavior of the emission line ratios is consistent with the progressive dilution of radiation with increasing distance from the center of NGC 1705. This suggests that the strongest starburst located within the central $\sim$150 pc is responsible for the ionization of the gas out to at least $\sim$1 kpc. The gradual dilution of the radiation with increasing distance from the center reflects the gradual and continuous transition from the highly ionized H II regions in the proximity of the major starburst into the diffuse ionized gas.
description: Accepted for publication on AJ
Disruption of Decrements in Conditioned Stimulus Processing by Selective Removal of Hippocampal Cholinergic Input
Creators: name: Baxter, Mark G.
name: Holland, Peter C.
name: Gallagher, Michela
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1997

description: The attention directed to environmental stimuli can be modified by experience. For example, preexposure of a conditioned stimulus (CS) in the absence of reinforcement can retard subsequent conditioning of that stimulus when it is paired directly with an unconditioned stimulus, a phenomenon referred to as latent inhibition. Similarly, consistent pairings of a CS with another event can slow the acquisition of new information about that CS. Such phenomena suggest that reductions in the processing of CSs occur when they are made behaviorally irrelevant or consistent predictors of other events. On the basis of the observation that hippocampal lesions prevented such reductions in CS processing, we hypothesized that damage to basal forebrain cholinergic neurons that project to the hippocampus, using microinjections of the selective immunotoxin 192 IgG-saporin into the medial septum/vertical limb of the diagonal band (MS/VDB), also would disrupt normal reductions in CS processing. Lesions of hippocampal cholinergic input disrupted decreases in CS processing, manifested in both an absence of latent inhibition and a lack of reduced processing of a CS that had been a consistent predictor of another CS. These results indicate that cholinergic neurons in the MS/VDB play a role in the regulation of CS processing. Furthermore, these findings (in conjunction with previous findings) implicate
A positive Bondi--type mass in asymptotically de Sitter spacetimes
Creators: name: Szabados, László B
name: Tod, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The general structure of the conformal boundary $\mathscr{I}^+$ of asymptotically de Sitter spacetimes is investigated. First we show that Penrose's quasi-local mass, associated with a cut ${\cal S}$ of the conformal boundary, can be zero even in the presence of outgoing gravitational radiation. On the other hand, following a Witten--type spinorial proof, we show that an analogous expression based on the Nester--Witten form is finite only if the Witten spinor field solves the 2-surface twistor equation on ${\cal S}$, and it yields a positive functional on the 2-surface twistor space on ${\cal S}$, provided the matter fields satisfy the dominant energy condition. Moreover, this functional is vanishing if and only if the domain of dependence of the spacelike hypersurface which intersects $\mathscr{I}^+$ in the cut ${\cal S}$ is locally isometric to the de Sitter spacetime. For non-contorted cuts this functional yields an invariant analogous to the Bondi mass.
description: 51 pages; typos corrected, one reference added; final version, appearing in Class. Quantum Grav
GABA A Receptors Mediate Trophic Effects of GABA on Embryonic Brainstem Monoamine Neurons In Vitro
Creators: name: Lauder, Jean M.
name: Devaud, Leslie
name: Liu, Jiangping
name: Grayson, Dennis R.
name: Leslie Morrow, A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1997

description: The inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA may act as a trophic signal for developing monoamine neurons in embryonic rat brain, because GABA neurons and their receptors appear in brainstem during generation of monoamine neurons. To test this hypothesis, we used dissociated cell cultures from embryonic day 14 rat brainstem, which contains developing serotonin (5-HT), noradrenaline (tyrosine hydroxylase; TH), and GABA neurons. Immunocytochemistry and reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) revealed the presence of multiple alpha, beta, gamma, and delta subunits in these cultures. Competitive RT-PCR demonstrated high levels of beta3 subunit transcripts. Expression of functional GABAA receptors was demonstrated using 36Cl- flux assays. To investigate GABAergic regulation of neuronal survival and growth, cultures were treated for 1-3 d in vitro with 10 microM GABA and/or GABAA antagonist (bicuculline or the pesticide dieldrin). The effects of treatments were quantified by analysis of immunoreactive 5-HT, TH, and GABA neurons. GABAA receptor ligands differentially regulated neuronal survival and growth depending on neurotransmitter phenotype. GABA exerted positive effects on monoamine neurons, which were countered by bicuculline (and dieldrin, 5-HT neurons only). By itself, bicuculline produced inhibitory effects on both 5-HT and TH neurons, whereas dieldrin potently inhibited 5-HT neurons only. GABA neurons responded positively to both antagonists, but more strongly to bicuculline. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the activation/inhibition of GABAA receptors produces opposite effects on the development of embryonic monoamine and GABA neurons. This suggests that these neurotransmitter phenotypes may express GABAA receptors that differ in fundamental ways, and these differences determine the developmental responses of these cells to GABAergic stimuli.
Supplementary Information from A new ophiocistioid with soft-tissue preservation from the Silurian Herefordshire Lagerstätte, and the evolution of the holothurian body plan
Creators: name: Rahman, Imran A.
name: Thompson, Jeffrey R.
name: Briggs, Derek E. G.
name: Siveter, David J.
name: Siveter, Derek J.
name: Sutton, Mark D.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 40308 Palaeontology (incl. Palynology)
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 60301 Animal Systematics and Taxonomy
subject: 60310 Plant Systematics and Taxonomy

description: Description of characters used in phylogenetic analyses
Memory Representation within the Parahippocampal Region
Creators: name: Young, Brian J.
name: Fox, Gregory D.
name: Eichenbaum, Howard
name: Otto, Tim
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1997

description: The activity of 378 single neurons was recorded from areas of the parahippocampal region (PHR), including the perirhinal and lateral entorhinal cortex, as well as the subiculum, in rats performing an odor-guided delayed nonmatching-to-sample task. Nearly every neuron fired in association with some trial event, and every identifiable trial event or behavior was encoded by neuronal activity in the PHR. The greatest proportion of cells was active during odor sampling, and for many cells, activity during this period was odor selective. In addition, odor memory coding was reflected in two general ways. First, a substantial proportion of cells showed odor-selective activity throughout or at the end of the memory delay period. Second, odor-responsive cells showed odor-selective enhancement or suppression of activity during stimulus repetition in the recognition phase of the task. These data, combined with evidence that the PHR is critical for maintaining odor memories in animals performing the same task, indicate that this cortical region mediates the encoding of specific memory cues, maintains stimulus representations, and supports specific match-nonmatch judgments critical to recognition memory. By contrast, hippocampal neurons do not demonstrate evoked or maintained stimulus-specific codings, and hippocampal damage results in little if any decrement in performance on this task. Thus it becomes increasingly clear that the parahippocampal cortex can support recognition memory independent of the distinct memory functions of the hippocampus itself.
Spectral properties of the soft excess pulsar RX J0059.2-7138 during its 2013 outburst
Creators: name: Sidoli, L.
name: La Palombara, N.
name: Esposito, P.
name: Tiengo, A.
name: Mereghetti, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on an X-ray observation of the Be X-ray Binary Pulsar RX J0059.2-7138, performed by XMM-Newton in March 2014. The 19 ks long observation was carried out about three months after the discovery of the latest outburst from this Small Magellanic Cloud transient, when the source luminosity was Lx ~ 10$^{38}$ erg/s. A spin period of P=2.762383(5) s was derived, corresponding to an average spin-up of $\dot{P}_{\mathrm{spin}} = -(1.27\pm0.01)\times10^{-12}$ s $s^{-1}$ from the only previous period measurement, obtained more than 20 years earlier. The time-averaged continuum spectrum (0.2-12 keV) consisted of a hard power-law (photon index ~0.44) with an exponential cut-off at a phase-dependent energy (20-50 keV) plus a significant soft excess below about 0.5 keV. In addition, several features were observed in the spectrum: an emission line at 6.6 keV from highly ionized iron, a broad feature at 0.9-1 keV likely due to a blend of Fe L-shell lines, and narrow emission and absorption lines consistent with transitions in highly ionized oxygen, nitrogen and iron visible in the high resolution RGS data (0.4-2.1 keV). Given the different ionization stages of the narrow line components, indicative of photoionization from the luminous X-ray pulsar, we argue that the soft excess in RX J0059.2-7138 is produced by reprocessing of the pulsar emission in the inner regions of the accretion disc.
description: Accepted for publication in Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 9 pages, 5 figures
Epitopes mapped onto SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding motif by five distinct human neutralising antibodies
Creators: name: Gutiérrez, Lucas J.
name: Tosso, Rodrigo D.
name: Zarycz, M. Natalia C.
name: Enriz, Ricardo D.
name: Baldoni, Héctor A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: An Immune complex formation is mediated through intermolecular interactions between proteins and antigens. In the present study, in silico methods were used to locate, identify and provide valuable structural and energetic information that describes the dominant and energetically stabilising interactions found at the epitope-paratope interface of selected human antibodies, isolated from convalescent COVID-19 patients. These antibodies are directed toward the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD, i.e. residues 333–526). The analyzed immune complexes have shown strong in vitro neutralising activity against SARS-CoV-2 infection by targeting the receptor-binding motif (RBM, i.e. residues 437–508) within the viral SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD. Our data shows that residues Tyr449, Leu455, Phe456, Ala475, Phe486, Gln493, Gln498, Asn501, Gly502 and Tyr505 exhibit strong epitope capability. On another hand, the analyzed paratopes show a large repertoire of residues to recognise RBM epitopes by both the VH and VL chains within complementary determining regions (CDR), which would make it difficult to bind RBM to the human ACE2 cell receptor by residue interactions competition. Undoubtedly, our findings provide valuable structural and energetic information to those previously obtained through experimental crystallographic studies, and provides new insights about the binding interface that could provide a structural basis for rational epitope-based vaccinology.
(1378) Hannah Longley
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Computational discovery of sulfonamide derivatives as potential inhibitors of the cruzain enzyme from T. cruzi by molecular docking, molecular dynamics and MM/GBSA approaches
Creators: name: da Costa, Ana Paula Lima
name: Silva, José Rogério A.
name: de Molfetta, Fábio Alberto
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Chagas disease is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi) protozoan and is considered by WHO as a neglected tropical disease, affecting almost 21 countries in the Americas. Until now, only two drugs are clinically recommended for its treatment, although these have limited efficacy and cause serious adverse reactions in the patients. Particularly, the Cruzain (Cz), a cysteine protease enzyme, has been established as a therapeutic target of T. cruzi. Here, the Cz binding mode of sulfonamide derivatives was investigated using fragment-based growing, molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and binding free energy approaches. Here, two new potent Cz inhibitors (named CP1 and CP4) were proposed from the previously evaluated dichlorothiophene-2-sulfonamide compound (named CP6). MD simulations show that CP1 and CP4 compounds were more stable than CP6. Besides, MM/GBSA approach suggests that new proposed compounds CP1 and CP4 (–26.10 and –23.81 kcal/mol, respectively) bind to Cz active site with lower binding free energy values than CP6 (–21.79 kcal/mol). These results suggested these two compounds could be candidate inhibitors against the Cz enzyme. Hence findings in our study can provide valuable information on the discovery of potent trypanocidal agents.
FX Forward Contract Valuation
Creators: name: Yang, Alex
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: FX Forward Contract Valuation

description: This article discusses the valuation of Foreign Exchange Rate Forward Contract (FEF). An FX forward contract is an obligation to exchange a particular amount of one currency for a certain amount of another currency at a future time.
description: https://finpricing.com/lib/FiZeroBond.html
Twin photon pairs in a high-Q silicon microresonator
Creators: name: Rogers, Steven
name: Lu, Xiyuan
name: Jiang, Wei C.
name: Lin, Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the generation of high-purity twin photon pairs through cavity-enhanced non-degenerate four-wave mixing (FWM) in a high-Q silicon microdisk resonator. Twin photon pairs are created within the same cavity mode and are consequently expected to be identical in all degrees of freedom. The device is able to produce twin photons at telecommunication wavelengths with a pair generation rate as large as $(3.96\pm0.03)\times10^5 ~{\rm pairs/s}$, within a narrow bandwidth of 0.72 GHz. A coincidence-to-accidental ratio of $660\pm62$ was measured, the highest value reported to date for twin photon pairs, at a pair generation rate of $(2.47\pm0.04)\times10^4 ~{\rm pairs/s}$. Through careful engineering of the dispersion matching window, we have reduced the ratio of photons resulting from degenerate FWM to non-degenerate FWM to less than 0.15.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures. Added references and additional analysis pertaining to the choice of the coincidence integration window
A polarisable force field for bio-compatible ionic liquids based on amino acids anions
Creators: name: Russo, Stefano
name: Bodo, Enrico
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: We present a polarisable force field parametrisation for amino acid-based ionic liquids based on the Amoeba framework. The force field has been obtained using accurate ab initio data and has been conceived to be as compatible as possible with the existing Amoeba parametrisation. We present here a validation mainly carried out using reference ab initio calculations and we show how the parametrisation is able to provide the structural features of the fluids to an excellent extent as well as to reproduce the intermolecular interaction energies.
Tension Distribution of Single Motor Units in Multitendoned Muscles: Comparison of a Homologous Digit Muscle in Cats and Monkeys
Creators: name: Hunt, Carlton C.
name: Chua, Michael
name: Petit, Julien
name: Schieber, Marc H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1997

description: To determine whether single motor units (MUs) in multitendoned muscles distribute tension to multiple tendons or instead focus tension selectively on a single tendon, we examined the distribution of tension generated by single MUs in the cat extensor digitorum lateralis (EDLat), and in its macaque homolog, the extensor digiti quarti et quinti (ED45). General properties of MUs (maximal tetanic tension, axonal conduction velocity, and twitch rise time) were similar in these muscles to those reported for other limb muscles in cats and monkeys. Most cat EDLat MUs were found to exert tension rather selectively on one of the three tendons of the muscle. Fast fatigable MUs were slightly but significantly more selective than fast fatigue-resistant and slow MUs. In contrast, and contrary to expectation, the macaque ED45 contained a lower proportion of MUs that exerted tension selectively on one of the two tendons of the muscle, and a higher proportion of relatively nonselective MUs. These findings suggest that the cat EDLat may consist of three functional subdivisions, each acting preferentially on a different tendon, whereas the macaque ED45 is more likely to function as a single multitendoned muscle.
BeatHubmann/HydrologyPlanetesimals.jl: Submission version
Creators: name: Hubmann, Beat
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Planetesimals
subject: Planetary science
subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Multiphase flow
subject: Numerical simulation
subject: Julia

description: This is the Julia code, the report, and the produced data sets submitted as the MSc thesis 'Hydrology of Planetesimals' at ETH Zurich on Sep 8, 2022.
Finite-width Gaussian sum rules for $0^{-+}$ pseudoscalar glueball based on correction from instanton-gluon interference to correlation function
Creators: name: Wang, Feng
name: Chen, Junlong
name: Liu, Jueping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on correction from instanton-gluon interference to correlation function, the properties of the $0^{-+}$ pseudoscalar glueball is investigated in a family of finite-width Gaussian sum rules. In the framework of semiclassical expansion for quantum chromodynamics $(\textrm{QCD})$ in the instanton liquid background, the contribution arising from the the interference between instantons and the quantum gluon fields is calculated, and included in the correlation function together with pure-classical contribution from instantons and the perturbative one. The interference contribution is turned to be gauge-invariant, free of infrared divergence, and has a great role to restore the positivity of the spectra of the full correlation function. The negligible contribution from vacuum condensates is excluded in our correlation function to avoid the double counting. Instead of the usual zero-width approximation for the resonances, the usual Breit-Wigner form with a suitable threshold behavior for the spectral function of the finite-width resonances is adopted. A consistency between the subtracted and unsubtracted sum rules is very well justified. The values of the mass, decay width and coupling constants for the $0^{-+}$ resonance in which the glueball fraction is dominant are obtained, and agree with the phenomenological analysis.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures
The Role of an Amygdalo-Nigrostriatal Pathway in Associative Learning
Creators: name: Han, Jung Soo
name: Holland, Peter
name: McMahan, Robert W.
name: Gallagher, Michela
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1997

description: The present study examined the role of an amygdalo-nigrostriatal pathway in associative learning. An asymmetrical lesion model was used to test whether a circuit from the amygdala central nucleus to the dorsolateral striatum, via the substantia nigra, is critical for mediating conditioned orienting responses. Rats with an asymmetrical lesion, consisting of neurotoxic removal of central nucleus neurons in one hemisphere and depletion of the dopamine innervation of the dorsolateral striatum in the contralateral hemisphere, failed to acquire conditioned orienting responses. In contrast, the asymmetrical lesion had no effect on spontaneous orienting or learning another response directed to the source of the food unconditioned stimulus in the same task. A second experiment tested the effect of reversible inactivation of the dorsolateral striatum contralateral to a neurotoxic central nucleus lesion on acquisition of the conditioned orienting response. Although inactivation did not affect spontaneous orienting, rats failed to acquire the conditioned orienting response during sessions in which inactivation occurred. Immediately after the inactivation procedure was terminated, however, a significant increase in orienting to the conditioned stimulus was evident. These data support the interpretation that the dorsolateral striatum provides a route for the expression of the conditioned orienting response but is not essential for acquisition of this learned behavior.
Smooth and fast versus instantaneous quenches in quantum field theory
Creators: name: Das, Sumit R.
name: Galante, Damián A.
name: Myers, Robert C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine in detail the relationship between smooth fast quantum quenches, characterized by a time scale $δt$, and {\em instantaneous quenches}, within the framework of exactly solvable mass quenches in free scalar field theory. Our earlier studies \cite{dgm1,dgm2} highlighted that the two protocols remain distinct in the limit $δt \rightarrow 0$ because of the relation of the quench rate to the UV cut-off, i.e., $1/δt\llΛ$ always holds in the fast smooth quenches while $1/δt\simΛ$ for instantaneous quenches. Here we study UV finite quantities like correlators at finite spatial distances and the excess energy produced above the final ground state energy. We show that at late times and large distances (compared to the quench time scale) the smooth quench correlator approaches that for the instantaneous quench. At early times, we find that for small spatial separation and small $δt$, the correlator scales universally with $δt$, exactly as in the scaling of renormalized one point functions found in earlier work. At larger separation, the dependence on $δt$ drops out. The excess energy density is finite (for finite $mδt$) and scales in a universal fashion for all $d$. However, the scaling behaviour produces a divergent result in the limit $mδt \rightarrow 0$ for $d\ge4$, just as in an instantaneous quench, where it is UV divergent for $d \geq 4$. We argue that similar results hold for arbitrary interacting theories: the excess energy density produced is expected to diverge for scaling dimensions $Δ> d/2$.
description: 52 pages; v2: minor modifications to match published version
Tyrosine Phosphorylation of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Mediates Grb2 Binding
Creators: name: Colledge, Marcie
name: Froehner, Stanley C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1997

description: Tyrosine phosphorylation of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR) is associated with an altered rate of receptor desensitization and also may play a role in agrin-induced receptor clustering. We have demonstrated a previously unsuspected interaction between
Figure S1 from Cryptic habitat use of white sharks in kelp forest revealed by animal-borne video.
Creators: name: Jewell, Oliver J. D.
name: Gleiss, Adrian C.
name: Jorgensen, Salvador J.
name: Andrzejaczek, Samantha
name: Moxley, Jerry H.
name: Beatty, Stephen J.
name: Wikelski, Martin
name: Block, Barbara A.
name: Chapple, Taylor K.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Figure S1: A white shark (S4) encounters a conspecific while swimming through kelp
In silico toxicity investigation of Methaqualone’s conjunctival, retinal, and gastrointestinal hemorrhage by molecular modelling approach
Creators: name: Ahmad, Iqrar
name: Pawara, Rahul
name: Patel, Harun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Methaqualone was once used to treat insomnia as a hypnotic agent. Methaqualone, like other sedative–hypnotics, is a central nervous system depressant that increases gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) activity. Methaqualone toxicity data showed that it inhibits platelet aggregation, increases prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time, and lowers factors V and VII, all of which can cause retinal, conjunctival, and gastrointestinal hemorrhage. In silico investigation showed that Methaqualone antagonises Vitamin K in the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways of blood clotting, which leads to an increase in prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time and lowers factors V and VII. Further, a molecular modelling study proved that inhibition of the P2Y12R by Methaqualone is responsible for the inhibition of platelet aggregation. This study systematically correlates all Methaqualone's blood-related toxicity, which results in conjunctival, retinal, and gastrointestinal hemorrhage.
Autonomic Resource Management in Virtual Networks
Creators: name: Mijumbi, Rashid
name: Serrat, Joan
name: Gorricho, Juan-Luis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Virtualization enables the building of multiple virtual networks over a shared substrate. One of the challenges to virtualisation is efficient resource allocation. This problem has been found to be NP hard. Therefore, most approaches to it have not only proposed static solutions, but have also made many assumptions to simplify it. In this paper, we propose a distributed, autonomic and artificial intelligence based solution to resource allocation. Our aim is to obtain self-configuring, selfoptimizing, self-healing and context aware virtual networks
description: Short Paper, 4 Pages, Summer School, PhD Work In Progress Workshop. Scalable and Adaptive Internet Solutions (SAIL). June 2012