cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Cost Efficiency of Dairy Farming in New Zealand: A Stochastic Frontier Analysis
Creators: name: Jiang, Nan
name: Sharp, Basil
name: Jiang, Nan
name: Sharp, Basil
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: cost efficiency
subject: New Zealand dairy farming
subject: stochastic frontier

description: Research on the efficiency of dairy farming in New Zealand is limited and has focused predominantly on technical efficiency. We contribute to the literature on empirical analysis by examining cost efficiency of New Zealand dairy farms. We construct simplified translog stochastic cost frontiers based on an unbalanced panel of 824 farms. Average cost efficiency is estimated at 83 percent for dairy farms in the North Island and 80 percent for farms in the South Island. Our analysis of the relationship between inefficiency and farm characteristics suggests significant associations between cost efficiency and capital intensity, livestock quality, and farm size.
Collective oscillations of a two-component Fermi gas on the repulsive branch
Creators: name: Karpiuk, Tomasz
name: Grochowski, Piotr T.
name: Brewczyk, Mirosław
name: Rzążewski, Kazimierz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate frequencies of collective oscillations of two-component Fermi gas that is kept on the repulsive branch of its energy spectrum. Not only is a paramagnetic phase explored, but also a ferromagnetically separated one. Both in-, and out-of-phase perturbations are investigated, showing contributions from various gas excitations. Additionally, we compare results coming from both time-dependent Hartree-Fock and density-functional approaches.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures, Resubmission to SciPost
Coming of Age or an Age of Becoming? The Role of Childhood in Identity Formation at Deir el-Medina, New Kingdom Egypt
Creators: name: Hinson, Benjamin Samuel Paul
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: Childhood
Archaeology
Egyptology
New Kingdom
Deir el-Medina

description: This thesis explores the role of childhood in identity formation. The concept that childhood contributes to an individual’s identity—how a person becomes who they are, and how childhood influences this—is universally relevant. However, whilst the influence of childhood is universal, exactly what ‘childhood’ means is not. Because the existence of children is a common thread linking all societies, it is unsurprising that every society has a different conception of what ‘childhood’ means, which members were considered children, and the freedoms, restrictions or expectations placed on those at this stage of life. The discussion here is framed within the context of ancient Egypt—specifically, the site of Deir el-Medina—but its approach is also relevant to those studying childhood in other areas. Today, identity is considered equivalent to how we define and understand ourselves, influenced by our personal experiences. However, these experiences are themselves informed by how society defines and groups us, based on factors such as gender, ethnicity or religion. Identity therefore involves two inter-linked components: how society defines the individual, and how individuals define themselves. In exploring the role of childhood in identity formation, the aim of this thesis is to consider both components as they relate to children. The first reflects how society at Deir el-Medina constructed and conceptualised ‘childhood’, informing how children were treated, their scope for social participation, and the relationships they engaged in. The second reflects how children as individuals lived within these social structures, and how such personal experiences contributed to a sense of self. Only by considering both elements can a holistic picture be formed.
description: Funded by the Arts and Humanities Research Council
Additional file 1 of Does a high dietary intake of resistant starch affect glycaemic control and alter the gut microbiome in women with gestational diabetes? A randomised control trial protocol
Creators: name: Latino, Cathy
name: Gianatti, Emily J.
name: Mehta, Shailender
name: Lo, Johnny
name: Devine, Amanda
name: Christophersen, Claus
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1.
Politics of Parity: Gendering the Tunisian Second Republic, 2011-2014
Creators: name: Petkanas, Zoe
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: Tunisia
Gender
North Africa
Arab Spring
Elections
Parity
Gender Quotas
Constitution
Women's Rights

description: POLITICS OF PARITY: GENDERING THE TUNISIAN SECOND REPUBLIC, 2011-2014 Zoe Petkanas This dissertation explores the role of female political actors in the gendered rebuilding of Tunisia’s post-Ben Ali political infrastructure and how gender both informed and featured in the early stages of the democratic transition. Drawing on thirteen months of fieldwork and over 300 hours of interviews, it narrates a yet untold story of the transformation of female political actors from object to subject of the state. In the post-revolutionary political terrain, gender and women’s rights were imbued with broader discursive significance, becoming a vehicle through which to distinguish two broad political categories of Islamism and secularism, which showcased continuity with the historical deployment of gender in pre-independence and post-colonial authoritarian contexts. However, analysis of the development of gender parity legislation from its introduction in the interim electoral law in advance of the 2011 elections, through the constitutional and electoral law drafting processes, and its implementation in the 2014 elections, reveals the inadequacy of gender as a metaphor for broad political characterisations and the fluidity of the Tunisian political terrain as seen through a gendered lens. It was only through the collaborative work of female political actors across the ideological spectrum within the National Constituent Assembly that the foundational texts of the Second Republic were gendered, acknowledging and addressing the ways that the lived experiences of women, as socially and historically constituted subjects, can mediate access to rights. By virtue of this process, these female deputies, whose own subjectivities were transformed through interaction with male-dominated political institutions, enacted and embodied new modes of the female citizen as subject. Finally, in tracing the development of the gender parity laws through the formative years of Tunisian democracy, this dissertation illuminates the ways in which access to newly democratised political power remains gendered, mediated through the complex interplay between larger political, social, and economic structures.
description: Cambridge Commonwealth, European, and International Trust
Lattice study of nucleon properties with domain wall fermions
Creators: name: Sasaki, Shoichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Domain wall fermions (DWF) are a new fermion discretization scheme with greatly improved chiral symmetry. Our final goal is to study the nucleon spin structure through lattice simulation using DWF. In this paper, we present our current progress on two topics toward this goal: 1) the mass spectrum of the nucleon excited states and 2) the iso-vector vector and axial charges, $g_{V}$ and $g_{A}$, of the nucleon.
description: 8 pages, LaTeX with ws-p8-50x6-00.cls, 6 figures (6 eps files), Talk given at NSTAR2001, University of Mainz, Germany, March 7-10, 2001. To be published by World Scientific
Additional file 2 of Does a high dietary intake of resistant starch affect glycaemic control and alter the gut microbiome in women with gestational diabetes? A randomised control trial protocol
Creators: name: Latino, Cathy
name: Gianatti, Emily J.
name: Mehta, Shailender
name: Lo, Johnny
name: Devine, Amanda
name: Christophersen, Claus
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 2.
Vector meson photoproduction in the quark model
Creators: name: Zhao, Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a quark model study of the $ω$ meson photoproduction near threshold. With a limited number of parameters, all the data in history are reproduced. The roles played by the {\it s}- and {\it u}-channel processes (resonance excitations and nucleon pole terms), as well as the {\it t}-channel {\it natural} (Pomeron) and {\it unnatural} parity (pion) exchanges are clarified. This approach provides a framework for systematic study of vector meson photoproduction near threshold.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures; Talk given at NSTAR2001, Mainz, Germany, Mar. 7-10, 2001
Inverse reconstruction of jet structure from off-axis gamma-ray burst afterglows
Creators: name: Takahashi, Kazuya
name: Ioka, Kunihito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gravitational wave event GW170817 and the slowly-rising afterglows of short gamma-ray burst GRB 170817A clearly suggest that the GRB jet has an angular structure. However the actual jet structure remains unclear as different authors give different structures. We formulate a novel method to inversely reconstruct the jet structure from off-axis GRB afterglows, without assuming any functional form of the structure in contrast to the previous studies. The jet structure is uniquely determined from the rising part of a light curve for a given parameter set by integrating an ordinary differential equation, which is derived from the standard theory of GRB afterglows. Applying to GRB 170817A, we discover that a non-trivial hollow-cone jet is consistent with the observed afterglows, as well as Gaussian and power-law jets within errors, which implies the Blandford-Znajek mechanism or an ejecta-jet interaction. The current observations only constrain the jet core, not in principle the outer jet structure around the line of sight. More precise and high-cadence observations with our inversion method will fix the jet structure, providing a clue to the jet formation and propagation.
description: 21 pages, 14 figures, MNRAS, in press
Using Former Farmland for Biomass Crops: Massachusetts Landowner Motivations and Willingness to Plant
Creators: name: Timmons, David
name: Timmons, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Production Economics
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: abandoned farmland
subject: biomass energy crops
subject: contingent valuation
subject: willingness to accept

description: Producing biomass energy requires extensive land resources. In western Massachusetts, where almost 90 percent of former farmland is no longer in commercial use, we study factors that motivate landowners to grow biomass energy crops. A geographic information system model identifies a landowner population, and a contingent valuation survey reveals payments landowners are willing to accept (WTA) for growing biomass crops. The median WTA estimate is $321 per hectare per year, which is high compared to regional land rental rates. Nonpecuniary factors appear to be as important in landowner acceptance as profit opportunities, especially for nonfarmer landowners.
Co-production of light and heavy $r$-process elements via fission deposition
Creators: name: Vassh, Nicole
name: Mumpower, Matthew R.
name: McLaughlin, Gail C.
name: Sprouse, Trevor M.
name: Surman, Rebecca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply for the first time fission yields determined across the chart of nuclides from the macroscopic-microscopic theory of the Finite Range Liquid Drop Model to simulations of rapid neutron capture ($r$-process) nucleosynthesis. With the fission rates and yields derived within the same theoretical framework utilized for other relevant nuclear data, our results represent an important step toward self-consistent applications of macroscopic-microscopic models in $r$-process calculations. The yields from this model are wide for nuclei with extreme neutron excess. We show that these wide distributions of neutron-rich nuclei, and particularly the asymmetric yields for key species that fission at late times in the $r$ process, can contribute significantly to the abundances of the lighter heavy elements, specifically the light precious metals palladium and silver. Since these asymmetric yields correspondingly also deposit into the lanthanide region, we consider the possible evidence for co-production by comparing our nucleosynthesis results directly with the trends in the elemental ratios of metal-poor stars rich in $r$-process material. We show that for $r$-process enhanced stars palladium over europium and silver over europium display mostly flat trends suggestive of co-production and compare to the lanthanum over europium trend which is often used to justify robustness arguments in the lanthanide region. We find that such robustness arguments may be extendable down to palladium and heavier and demonstrate that fission deposition is a mechanism by which such a universality or robustness can be achieved.
White dwarfs and Galactic dark matter
Creators: name: Flynn, Chris
name: Holopainen, Janne
name: Holmberg, Johan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the recent discovery by Oppenheimer et al (2001) of old, cool white dwarf stars, which may be the first direct detection of Galactic halo dark matter. We argue here that the contribution of more mundane white dwarfs of the stellar halo and thick disk would contribute sufficiently to explain the new high velocity white dwarfs without invoking putative white dwarfs of the dark halo. This by no means rules out that the dark matter has been found, but it does constrain the overall contribution by white dwarfs brighter than M_V ~ 16 to significantly less than 1% of the Galactic dark matter. This work confirms a similar study by Reyle et al (2001).
description: 8 pages, 8 figures. MNRAS style file
Weather Index Insurance and Common Property Resources
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Haimanti
name: Osgood, Daniel E.
name: Bhattacharya, Haimanti
name: Osgood, Daniel E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: International Development
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: agriculture
subject: common property resource
subject: weather index insurance

description: With weather index insurance expanding and common property resources diminishing in low-income agricultural areas, it is essential to understand the potential effects of such insurance on resources that serve as vital input bases for low-income households. Using simple analytical constructs, we illustrate how index insurance may increase or decrease use of common property resources depending on common implementation characteristics such as binding constraints and multiple sources of income in a multi-temporal decision context. This analysis of how index insurance might assist low-income families without degrading the commons can be informative for insurance administrators and policymakers.
MOESM4 of Isocitrate lyase plays important roles in plant salt tolerance
Creators: name: Worawat Yuenyong
name: Supaart Sirikantaramas
name: Qu, Li-Jia
name: Teerapong Buaboocha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 4. Nucleotide sequences of the primers used for construction of the recombinant plasmids for expressing OsICL. The bold characters represent restriction sites, the italic characters represent the added nucleotides benefitting in binding of restriction enzyme, and the underlined characters represent the sequence benefitting in directional TOPO cloning.
Early GeV afterglows from gamma-ray bursts in pulsar wind bubbles
Creators: name: Wang, X. Y.
name: Dai, Z. G.
name: Lu, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gamma-ray bursts may occur within pulsar wind bubbles (PWBs) under a number of scenarios, such as the supranova-like models in which the progenitor pulsar drives a powerful wind shocking against the ambient medium before it comes to death and produces a fireball. We here study the early afterglow emission from GRBs expanding into such a PWB environment. Different from the usual cold GRB external medium, the PWBs consist of a hot electron-positron medium with typical 'thermal' Lorentz factor of the order of gamma_w, the Lorentz factor of the pulsar particle wind. After GRB blast waves shock these hot electron-positron pairs, they will emit synchrotron radiation peaking at GeV bands. It is shown that GeV photons suffer negligible absorption by the soft photons radiation field in PWBs. Thus, strong GeV emissions in the early afterglow phases are expected, providing a plausible explanation for the long-duration GeV emission from GRB940217 detected by EGRET. Future GLAST may have the potential to test this GRB-PWB interaction model.
description: 12 pages, two missing references added, MNRAS, in press
The Role of Gata3 in Blood Stem Cell Emergence
Creators: name: Zaidan, Nada Mousa O
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: AGM
CD34
CD41
CD43
CD45
CFU-C
CFU-M
CFU-Mix
CFU-GM
E
EE
EHT
DO
dHSC
FACS
FL
Gata3
GFP
HE
HSPC
HSC
P75
PAS
PDGRb
Th
VE-Cad
YS
MSC

description: The first definitive haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) produced during embryonic development are generated from a specialised subset of endothelial cells known as haemogenic endothelium. Recently, it was reported that Gata3 plays a dual role in the development of sympathetic nervous system and haematopoietic system. In fact, Gata3 has proven to be crucial for the production of HSCs through regulation of catecholamine production from the co-developing sympathetic nervous system. Also, it was recently shown that Gata3 is expressed in the haemogenic endothelium and haematopoietic progenitor cells. Here, I will specifically examine the role of Gata3 in the production of HSCs; if it is expressed and plays a role in the precursors from which HSCs arise. Using a Gata3-GFP reporter mouse line, we found that Gata3 is expressed in various cell types in the HSCs microenvironment, including mesenchymal cells, endothelial cells, haematopoietic cells and sympathetic nervous system, and this expression was stage dependant. In the endothelial cells, we have found that the haemogenic endothelium activity is enriched in Gata3 expressing cells. Within the haematopoietic cells, we have found that Gata3 marks a specific stage along the developmental pathway towards the generation of definitive haematopoietic stem cells, and that Gata3 expressing haematopoietic cells are enriched for the most immature and stem cell like progenitors. Moreover, Gata3 will be specifically knocked out in haemogenic endothelial cells to determine whether it plays an essential role in the production of HSCs from the endothelium using the Vec-Cre system. We found that Gata3 within the haemogenic endothelium plays a major role in haematopoietic progenitors formation, and possibly haematopoietic stem cell formation. Finally, we used molecular assay (RNA seq) to identify the role of Gata3 in the haematopoietic stem cell microenvironment and found that Gata3 plays a major role in the development and differentiation of various cells and systems, and implicated Gata3 as cell cycle regulator. In summary, we found that Gata3 expressing cells is enriched for haemogenic endothelium, crucial for the haematopoietic progenitors formation, plays and important role in endothelial to haematopoietic transition, and plays a key developmental role in both haematopoietic stem cell and its microenvironment.
description: King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre Ministry of National Guards - Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Additional file 3 of Does a high dietary intake of resistant starch affect glycaemic control and alter the gut microbiome in women with gestational diabetes? A randomised control trial protocol
Creators: name: Latino, Cathy
name: Gianatti, Emily J.
name: Mehta, Shailender
name: Lo, Johnny
name: Devine, Amanda
name: Christophersen, Claus
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 3.
Optimization of Integer-Forcing Precoding for Multi-User MIMO Downlink
Creators: name: Venturelli, Ricardo Bohaczuk
name: Silva, Danilo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Integer-forcing (IF) precoding is an alternative to linear precoding for multi-user (MU) multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) channels, with the potential to offer superior performance at a similar complexity. In this letter, a low-complexity suboptimal method is proposed to optimize the parameters of an IF scheme for any number of $K$ users. The proposed method involves solving a relaxation of the problem followed by the application of a lattice reduction algorithm and is shown to have an overall complexity of $\mathcal{O}(K^3)$. Simulation results show that the proposed method achieves a higher sum rate than a heuristic choice of parameters and significantly outperforms conventional linear precoding in all simulated scenarios.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, to appear in IEEE Wireless Communications Letters (WCL)
Search for the Standard Model Higgs Boson with the OPAL Detector at LEP
Creators: name: The OPAL Collaboration
name: Abbiendi, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper summarises the search for the Standard Model Higgs boson in e+e- collisions at centre-of-mass energies up to 209 GeV performed by the OPAL Collaboration at LEP. The consistency of the data with the background hypothesis and various Higgs boson mass hypotheses is examined. No indication of a signal is found in the data and a lower bound of 112.7GeV/C^2 is obtained on the mass of the Standard Model Higgs boson at the 95% CL.
description: 51 pages, 21 figures
Field-Induced Quantum Critical Point in CeCoIn5
Creators: name: Paglione, Johnpierre
name: Tanatar, M. A.
name: Hawthorn, D. G.
name: Boaknin, Etienne
name: Hill, R. W.
name: Ronning, F.
name: Sutherland, M.
name: Taillefer, Louis
name: Petrovic, C.
name: Canfield, P. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The resistivity of the heavy-fermion superconductor CeCoIn5 was measured as a function of temperature, down to 25 mK and in magnetic fields of up to 16 T applied perpendicular to the basal plane. With increasing field, we observe a suppression of the non-Fermi liquid behavior, rho ~ T, and the development of a Fermi liquid state, with its characteristic rho = rho_0 + AT^2 dependence. The field dependence of the T^2 coefficient shows critical behavior with an exponent of 1.37. This is evidence for a field-induced quantum critical point (QCP), occuring at a critical field which coincides, within experimental accuracy, with the superconducting critical field H_c2. We discuss the relation of this field-tuned QCP to a change in the magnetic state, seen as a change in magnetoresistance from positive to negative, at a crossover line that has a common border with the superconducting region below ~ 1 K.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures (published version)
Long-Term Effectiveness and Durability of COVID-19 Vaccination among Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Creators: name: Brenner, Erica J.
name: Farraye, Francis A.
name: Bastidas, Monique
name: Watkins, Runa
name: Bellaguarda, Emanuelle A.
name: Chen, Wenli
name: Kappelman, Michael D.
name: Strople, Jennifer A.
name: Craig, Riley G.
name: Zhang, Xian
name: Zikry, Michael
name: Bewtra, Meenakshi
name: Dubinsky, Marla C.
name: Chun, Kelly Y.
name: Higgins, Peter D. R.
name: Boccieri, Margie E.
name: Long, Millie D.
name: Firestine, Ann
name: Kastl, Arthur J.
name: Weaver, Kimberly N.
name: Bousvaros, Athos
name: Dai, Xiangfeng
name: Adler, Jeremy
name: Ungaro, Ryan C.
name: Cross, Raymond K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2024

description: Background and Aims COVID-19 vaccination prevents severe disease in most patients with IBD, but immunosuppressive medications can blunt serologic response. We followed adults with IBD for >1-year post-COVID-19 vaccination to describe factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection after vaccination, evaluate for a protective SARS-CoV-2 antibody level, characterize SARS-CoV-2 antibody persistence, and identify factors associated with humoral immune response durability. Methods Using a prospective cohort of COVID-19 immunized adults with IBD, we analyzed factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection after vaccination. We evaluated for an association between SARS-CoV-2 antibody level 12 weeks post-vaccination and subsequent SARS-CoV-2 infection and assessed for a threshold of protection using receiver operating curve analysis. We then conducted a separate analysis evaluating factors associated with persistence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies 52 weeks post-immunization. Results Almost half (43%) of 1,869 participants developed COVID-19 after vaccination, but most infections were mild and <1% required hospitalization. Older age and corticosteroid use were associated with a decreased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection post-vaccination (ages 50-59 vs 18-29: adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.57; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.44-0.74; steroid users vs non-users: aHR 0.58; 95% CI 0.39-0.87). Most (98%) participants had detectable antibody levels at 52 weeks post-vaccination. Antibody levels at 12 weeks and number of vaccine doses were positively associated with higher antibody levels at 52 weeks, while anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha therapy was negatively associated. Conclusions COVID-19 vaccination generates an effective and durable protective response for the vast majority of adults with IBD, including vulnerable populations such as corticosteroid users and older individuals. Patients with IBD benefit from COVID-19 booster vaccination.
Hyperboloidal framework for the Kerr spacetime
Creators: name: Macedo, Rodrigo Panosso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the need of a robust geometrical framework for the calculation of long, and highly accurate waveforms for extreme-mass-ratio inspirals, this work presents an extensive study of the hyperboloidal formalism for the Kerr spacetime and the Teukolsky equation. In a first step, we introduce a generic coordinate system foliating the Kerr spacetime into hypersurfaces of constant time extending between the black-hole horizon and future null infinity, while keeping track of the underlying degrees of freedom. Then, we express the Teukolsky equation in terms of these generic coordinates with focus on applications in both the time and frequency domains. Specifically, we derive a wave-like equation in $2+1$ dimensions, whose unique solution follows directly from the prescription of initial data (no external boundary conditions). Moreover, we extend the hyperboloidal formulation into the frequency domain. A comparison with the standard form of the Teukolsky equations allows us to express the regularisation factors in terms of the hyperboloidal degrees of freedom. In the second part, we discuss several hyperboloidal gauges for the Kerr solution. Of particular importance, this paper introduces the minimal gauge. The resulting expressions for the Kerr metric and underlying equations are simple enough for eventual (semi)-analytical studies. Despite the simplicity, the gauge has a very rich structure as it naturally leads to two possible limits to extremality, namely the standard extremal Kerr spacetime and its near-horizon geometry. When applied to the Teukolsky equation in the frequency domain, we show that the minimal gauge actually provides the spacetime counterpart of the well-known Leaver's formalism. Finally, we recast the hyperboloidal gauges for the Kerr spacetime available in the literature within the framework introduced here.
description: 30 pages. Match published version
MOESM1 of Evaluation of microbial shifts caused by a silver nanomaterial: comparison of four test systems
Creators: name: Hund-Rinke, Kerstin
name: HĂźmmler, Anna
name: Schlinkert, Ruben
name: Wege, Franziska
name: Broll, Gabriele
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Additional tables and figure.
Design and Synthesis of Chiral Triazolium and Thiazolium Salts Incorporating Hydrogen-Bonding Motifs as Organocatalysts
Creators: name: Radoux, Emma Catherine
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: organocatalysis
carbene
benzoin
Stetter
enantioselective
thiazolium
triazolium
urea
thiourea
salt
NHC
N-heterocyclic carbene
chiral
stereoselectivity

description: The benzoin condensation is the rst reported example of organocatalysis, and has been studied and used in organic synthesis for over 200 years. Originally catalysed by the cyanide anion, the reaction can also proceed with thiamine as a catalyst. Since then, many N- heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalysts have been developed for use in umpolung reactions between aldehydes and a range of coupling partners. However, stereoselectivity of the new chiral centre is dif cult to control: current existing methods employ steric hindrance of catalysts to in uence this, potentially at the cost of slower reaction times.To date, there are very few examples of NHC catalysts incorporating hydrogen-bonding motifs to exploit attractive forces in in uencing stereochemistry in these reactions. An overview of asymmetric organocatalysis and their different modes of action have been detailed. The structures of NHC catalysts and their mechanisms are discussed, and the reactions which are catalysed by these salts reviewed. Current shortcomings are addressed, and both the project and new catalyst designs are proposed. Synthetic routes to new triazolium and thiazolium salt catalysts with unreported chiral backbones are discussed. These involve 1,2-diamine derived salts, 1,4-diamine derived salts, amino acid-derived triazolium salts, and a bicyclic triazolium salt with a piperidine backbone. Representative catalysts from each of these categories were synthesised and the catalytic ability of the NHC salts in umpolung reactions investigated. All of the catalysts are demonstrated to be effective at obtaining yield and ee in the Stetter reaction. These catalysts are critically analysed, future work proposed.
description: EPSRC
Nucleon axial charge from quenched lattice QCD with domain wall fermions and improved gauge action
Creators: name: Sasaki, Shoichi
name: Blum, Tom
name: Ohta, Shigemi
name: Orginos, Kostas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In our previous DWF calculation with the Wilson gauge action at $β=6.0$ ($a^{-1}\simeq$ 1.9 GeV) on a $16^3 \times 32 \times 16$ lattice, we found that $\Ga$ had a fairly strong dependence on the quark mass. A simple linear extrapolation of $\Ga$ to the chiral limit yielded a value that was almost a factor of two smaller than the experimental one. Here we report our recent study of this issue. In particular, we investigate possible errors arising from finite lattice volume, especially in the lighter quark mass region. We employ a RG-improved gauge action (DBW2), which maintains very good chiral behavior even on a coarse lattice ($a^{-1}\simeq$ 1.3 GeV), in order to perform simulations at large physical volume ($> (2{\rm fm})^3$). Our preliminary results suggest that the finite volume effect is significant.
description: Lattice2001(matrixelement), Latex with espcrc2.sty, 3 pages, 3 figures
Real-Time Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory for Simulating Nonequilibrium Electron Dynamics
Creators: name: Kanai, Yosuke
name: Carney, Thomas E.
name: Zhou, Ruiyi
name: Xu, Jianhang
name: Shepard, Christopher
Publisher: name: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Year: 2024

description: The explicit real-time propagation approach for time-dependent density functional theory (RT-TDDFT) has increasingly become a popular first-principles computational method for modeling various time-dependent electronic properties of complex chemical systems. In this Perspective, we provide a nontechnical discussion of how this first-principles simulation approach has been used to gain novel physical insights into nonequilibrium electron dynamics phenomena in recent years. Following a concise overview of the RT-TDDFT methodology from a practical standpoint, we discuss our recent studies on the electronic stopping of DNA in water and the Floquet topological phase as examples. Our discussion focuses on how RT-TDDFT simulations played a unique role in deriving new scientific understandings. We then discuss existing challenges and some new advances at the frontier of RT-TDDFT method development for studying increasingly complex dynamic phenomena and systems.
The Pantelides algorithm for delay differential-algebraic equations
Creators: name: Ahrens, Ines
name: Unger, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34A09, 34K32, 65L80

description: We present a graph-theoretical approach that can detect which equations of a delay differential-algebraic equation (DDAE) need to be differentiated or shifted to construct a solution of the DDAE. Our approach exploits the observation that differentiation and shifting are very similar from a structural point of view, which allows us to generalize the Pantelides algorithm for differential-algebraic equations to the DDAE setting. The primary tool for the extension is the introduction of equivalence classes in the graph of the DDAE, which also allows us to derive a necessary and sufficient criterion for the termination of the new algorithm.
Direct Payments, Cash Rents, Land Values, and the Effects of Imputation in U.S. Farm-level Data
Creators: name: Robbins, Michael W.
name: White, T. Kirk
name: Robbins, Michael W.
name: White, T. Kirk
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Agricultural Resource Management Survey
subject: cash rents
subject: direct payments
subject: farm subsidies
subject: land values
subject: missing data
subject: multiple imputation
subject: robust regression

description: Research using the Agricultural Resource Management Survey (ARMS) and other data shows that direct government payments to farmers increase rents and the price of land. However, some ARMS data is imputed and does not account for relationships between payments and other variables. We investigate various imputation methods and benefits gained from a method with a wide scope rather than a parsimonious range of variables. Using our method, we estimate that an additional dollar of direct payment increases land value about $2.69 more per acre than ARMS imputation methods and that our imputations (using an exhaustive iterative sequential regression) outperform other methods and/or smaller models.
Mathematical Models of the Representation of Faces in Humans
Creators: name: O'Keeffe, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Faces
computer vision
Bayesian inference

description: The representation of faces is a crucial function of the human CNS, as demonstrated by the severe social difficulties experienced when people lack this ability (prosopagnosia). However, the precise way in which faces are represented and differentiated from one another is not well understood. This work addresses two substantial issues. Firstly, how is information about faces integrated over time? In chapter 2 a simple model of temporal integration is set forth, based on the statistical technique of exponential smoothing. In chapter 3 results of experiments testing this model are presented, demonstrating the model to be inadequate in certain respects. In particular a systematic bias towards the origin of face space is observed, a phenomenon referred to as ”bowing”. Chapter 4 contains a further model, which aims to show how this bowing could arise from a Bayesian inferential process. The second issue, addressed in chapter 5 of this thesis, is how well human judgements of facial similarity correspond to predictions made using Basel Face Space (BFS), a popular and widely used representation of faces from the field of computer vision. The degree of agreement is quantified using a novel experimental approach, and subsequently salient differences between the biological face space and BFS, including some original findings relating to isotropy or directionality, are demonstrated.
description: Wellcome Trust
Consequentiality and Opt-out Responses in Stated Preference Surveys
Creators: name: Hwang, Joonghyun
name: Petrolia, Daniel R.
name: Interis, Matthew G.
name: Hwang, Joonghyun
name: Petrolia, Daniel R.
name: Interis, Matthew G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: consequentiality
subject: nonmarket valuation
subject: opt-out response
subject: stated preference
subject: wetlands

description: The objective of this study was to test for the effect of consequentiality on the probability of a respondent opting out of voting in a stated preference survey. We find that respondents who believe that the survey is inconsequential are more likely to opt out than to vote yes in both binomial-choice and multinomial-choice formats and are more likely to vote no than to opt out in the multinomial-choice format. We also find that respondents who are uncertain about consequentiality are more likely to opt out than to choose yes or no under both choice formats.
Automatic Identification System tracking of ships using Neural Networks and correlation with satellite images
Creators: name: Sørensen, Kristian Aalling
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Applied Computer Science

description: In this work, we firstly implement an unsupervised VAE with BLSTM and Multi-Headed Self-Attention mechanisms to find contextual information in Gatehouse Maritime AIS data. No labelled Gatehouse Maritime AIS anomalies exists, and the model is consequently evaluated qualitatively on few examples, leading to the detection of contextual information corresponding to well defined trajectory patterns in addition to the detection of what is presumed to be anomalies. This demonstrates the method’s prospect of automatically findingcomplex anomalies in AIS data. Moreover, an AIS dark ships detection framework is implemented, finding in one scenario 15, 002 dark ships from 9 months of AIS data from a specific geographical region. Additionally, three types of deep learning architectures are implemented to forecast AIS trajectories, all using Bidirectional Long Short Term Memory networks and Attention mechanisms; The regression model learns the historical behaviour of cargo ships, and predictstrajectories 5 minutes into the future with a RMSE of 0.2, and a median error of ≈ 68km 100 minutes into the future. Thereafter, we implement an adaptive and a global classification forecast model. The global classification forecast model was not fully trained and has a categorical accuracy of 17.5%. The adaptive classification forecast model has an accuracy of ≈ 95% for predictions 5 and 25 minutes into the future with stationary ships, and an accuracy of 87% and 91% respectively by excluding stationary ships. We subsequently propose a method to fuse the cooperative AIS data with the non-cooperative SAR data, culminating in a dark ship detection case study.
Additional file 4 of Does a high dietary intake of resistant starch affect glycaemic control and alter the gut microbiome in women with gestational diabetes? A randomised control trial protocol
Creators: name: Latino, Cathy
name: Gianatti, Emily J.
name: Mehta, Shailender
name: Lo, Johnny
name: Devine, Amanda
name: Christophersen, Claus
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 4.
Adaptation for Mitigation
Creators: name: Ikefuji, Masako
name: Magnus, Jan R.
name: Sakamoto, Hiroaki
name: Ikefuji, Masako
name: Magnus, Jan R.
name: Sakamoto, Hiroaki
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Climate Change
subject: Mitigation
subject: Adaptation
subject: Human Capital

description: This paper develops a dynamic model consisting of two regions (North and South), in which the accumulation of human capital is negatively influenced by the global stock of pollution. By characterizing the equilibrium strategy of each region, we show that the regions’ best responses can be strategic complements through a dynamic complementarity effect. The model is used to analyze the impact of adaptation assistance from North to South. It is shown that North’s unilateral assistance to South (thus enhancing South’s adaptation capacity) can facilitate pollution mitigation in both regions, especially when the assistance is targeted at human capital protection.
Ground State and Hidden Symmetry of Magic Angle Graphene at Even Integer Filling
Creators: name: Bultinck, Nick
name: Khalaf, Eslam
name: Liu, Shang
name: Chatterjee, Shubhayu
name: Vishwanath, Ashvin
name: Zaletel, Michael P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In magic angle twisted bilayer graphene, electron-electron interactions play a central role resulting in correlated insulating states at certain integer fillings. Identifying the nature of these insulators is a central question and potentially linked to the relatively high temperature superconductivity observed in the same devices. Here we address this question using a combination of analytical strong-coupling arguments and a comprehensive Hartree-Fock numerical calculation which includes the effect of remote bands. The ground state we obtain at charge neutrality is an unusual ordered state which we call the Kramers intervalley-coherent (K-IVC) insulator. In its simplest form, the K-IVC exhibits a pattern of alternating circulating currents which triples the graphene unit cell leading to an "orbital magnetization density wave". Although translation and time reversal symmetry are broken, a combined `Kramers' time reversal symmetry is preserved. Our analytic arguments are built on first identifying an approximate ${\rm U}(4) \times {\rm U}(4)$ symmetry, resulting from the remarkable properties of the tBG band structure, which helps select a low energy manifold of states, which are further split to favor the K-IVC. This low energy manifold is also found in the Hartree-Fock numerical calculation. We show that symmetry lowering perturbations can stabilize other insulators and the semi-metallic state, and discuss the ground state at half filling and a comparison with experiments.
description: To appear in PRX
title: 02_0321
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/