cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Floquet edge solitons in modulated trimer waveguide arrays
Creators: name: Shen, Shuang
name: Kartashov, Yaroslav V.
name: Li, Yongdong
name: Zhang, Yiqi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that one-dimensional Floquet trimer arrays with periodically oscillating waveguides support two different and co-existing types of topological Floquet edge states in two different topological gaps in Floquet spectrum. In these systems nontrivial topology is introduced by longitudinal periodic oscillations of the waveguide centers, leading to the formation of Floquet edge states in certain range of oscillation amplitudes despite the fact that the structure spends half of the period in ``instantaneously'' nontopological phase, and only during other half-period it is ``instantaneously'' topological. Two co-existing Floquet edge states are characterized by different phase relations between bright spots in the unit cell -- in one mode these spots are in-phase, while in other mode they are out-of-phase. We show that in focusing nonlinear medium topological Floquet edge solitons, representing exactly periodic nonlinear localized Floquet states, can bifurcate from both these types of linear edge states. Both types of Floquet edge solitons can be stable and can be created dynamically using two-site excitations.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
A corrugated termination shock in pulsar wind nebulae?
Creators: name: Lemoine, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Successful phenomenological models of pulsar wind nebulae assume efficient dissipation of the Poynting flux of the magnetized electron-positron wind as well as efficient acceleration of the pairs in the vicinity of the termination shock, but how this is realized is not yet well understood. The present paper suggests that the corrugation of the termination shock, at the onset of non-linearity, may lead towards the desired phenomenology. Non-linear corrugation of the termination shock would convert a fraction of order unity of the incoming ordered magnetic field into downstream turbulence, slowing down the flow to sub-relativistic velocities. The dissipation of turbulence would further preheat the pair population on short length scales, close to equipartition with the magnetic field, thereby reducing the initial high magnetization to values of order unity. Furthermore, it is speculated that the turbulence generated by the corrugation pattern may sustain a relativistic Fermi process, accelerating particles close to the radiation reaction limit, as observed in the Crab nebula. The required corrugation could be induced by the fast magnetosonic modes of downstream nebular turbulence; but it could also be produced by upstream turbulence, either carried by the wind or seeded in the precursor by the accelerated particles themselves.
description: 17 pages, 1 figure; to appear in J. Plasma Phys
Protocolo-Side effects of atypical antipsychotics. A systematic review.pdf
Creators: name: García Bravo, Joseph
name: Flores Mosquera, Karem Manuela
name: Cueva, Melisa
name: Icaza Cortez, Melany Dalila
name: Erazo, María José
name: Trujillo, Anthony
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 320221
subject: Psychiatry (incl. psychotherapy)

description: Atypical antipsychotics, also known as second-generation antipsychotics, have demonstrated efficacy in controlling both positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia, as well as in the treatment of other psychotic disorders. However, despite their therapeutic benefits, atypical antipsychotics are also associated with a range of side effects.In this review, we aim to examine the most common adverse effects associated with the use of atypical antipsychotics in patients. It is important to note that the incidence and severity of these effects may vary among different atypical antipsychotic agents and also among individuals receiving treatment. However, there are some adverse effects that have been reported more frequently and warrant special attention.One of the most common adverse effects is weight gain and alteration of lipid metabolism. Certain atypical antipsychotics, such as olanzapine and clozapine, have been associated with an increased risk of weight gain, dyslipidemia, and the development of metabolic syndrome. These effects may predispose patients to cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes, needing careful monitoring and appropriate management strategies.
Generalized divisor functions in arithmetic progressions: I
Creators: name: Nguyen, David T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11B25

description: We prove some distribution results for the $k$-fold divisor function in arithmetic progressions to moduli that exceed the square-root of length $X$ of the sum, with appropriate constrains and averaging on the moduli, saving a power of $X$ from the trivial bound. On assuming the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis, we obtain uniform power saving error terms that are independent of $k$. We follow and specialize Y.T. Zhang's method on bounded gaps between primes to our setting. Our arguments are essentially self-contained, with the exception on the use of Deligne's work on the Riemann Hypothesis for varieties over finite fields. In particular, we avoid the reliance on Siegel's theorem, leading to some effective estimates.
description: in: J. Number Theory 227 (2021), pp. 30-93
Coupling q-deformed dark energy to dark matter
Creators: name: Dil, Emre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a novel coupled dark energy model which is assumed to occur as a q-deformed scalar field and investigate whether it will provide an expanding universe phase. We consider the q-deformed dark energy as coupled to dark matter inhomogeneities. We perform the phase-space analysis of the model by numerical methods and find the late-time accelerated attractor solutions. The attractor solutions imply that the coupled q-deformed dark energy model is consistent with the conventional dark energy models satisfying an acceleration phase of universe. At the end, we compare the cosmological parameters of deformed and standard dark energy models and interpret the implications.
description: This article has been accepted by the journal "Advances in High Energy Physics". The DOI is not given, yet. It is in press in the journal link, https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ahep/aip/9753208/. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1607.03928
Creation and transfer of non-classical states of motion using Rydberg dressing of atoms in a lattice
Creators: name: Buchmann, L F
name: Mølmer, K
name: Petrosyan, D
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate the manipulation of the motional states of trapped ground-state atoms using Rydberg dressing via nonresonant laser fields. The forces resulting from Rydberg-state interaction between dressed neighboring atoms in an array of microtraps or an optical lattice can strongly couple their motion. We show that intensity modulation of the dressing field allows to squeeze the relative motion of a pair of atoms and generate non-classical mechanical states. Extending this pairwise scheme to one-dimensional chains provides flexible control over the mechanical degrees of freedom of the whole system. We illustrate our findings with protocols to manipulate all motional degrees of freedom of a pair of atoms and create entangled states. We also present a method to transfer non-classical correlations along an atomic chain of nontrivial length. The long-lived nature of motional states, together with the high tunability of Rydberg dressing, makes our proposal feasible for current experimental setups.
Modeling The Adaption Rule in Context-aware Systems
Creators: name: Zheng, Mao
name: Xu, Qian
name: Fan, Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Context awareness is increasingly gaining applicability in interactive ubiquitous mobile computing systems. Each context-aware application has its own set of behaviors to react to context modifications. This paper is concerned with the context modeling and the development methodology for context-aware systems. We proposed a rule-based approach and use the adaption tree to model the adaption rule of context-aware systems. We illustrate this idea in an arithmetic game application.
description: 11 pages, 4 tables, 7 figures
Direct Text to Speech Translation System using Acoustic Units
Creators: name: Mingote, Victoria
name: Gimeno, Pablo
name: Vicente, Luis
name: Khurana, Sameer
name: Laurent, Antoine
name: Duret, Jarod
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper proposes a direct text to speech translation system using discrete acoustic units. This framework employs text in different source languages as input to generate speech in the target language without the need for text transcriptions in this language. Motivated by the success of acoustic units in previous works for direct speech to speech translation systems, we use the same pipeline to extract the acoustic units using a speech encoder combined with a clustering algorithm. Once units are obtained, an encoder-decoder architecture is trained to predict them. Then a vocoder generates speech from units. Our approach for direct text to speech translation was tested on the new CVSS corpus with two different text mBART models employed as initialisation. The systems presented report competitive performance for most of the language pairs evaluated. Besides, results show a remarkable improvement when initialising our proposed architecture with a model pre-trained with more languages.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Photon propagation in slowly varying electromagnetic fields
Creators: name: Karbstein, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effective theory of soft photons in slowly varying electromagnetic background fields at one-loop order in QED. This is of relevance for the study of all-optical signatures of quantum vacuum nonlinearity in realistic electromagnetic background fields as provided by high-intensity lasers. The central result derived in this article is a new analytical expression for the photon polarization tensor in two linearly polarized counter-propagating pulsed Gaussian laser beams. As we treat the peak field strengths of both laser beams as free parameters this field configuration can be considered as interpolating between the limiting cases of a purely right- or left-moving laser beam (if one of the peak field strengths is set to zero) and the standing-wave type scenario with two counter-propagating beams of equal strength.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure; contribution to the Workshop Proceedings of the International Workshop SFP-2016: Strong Field Problems in Quantum Theory, Tomsk, Russia, June 6-12, 2016
Field-induced spin-density wave beyond hidden order in URu2Si2
Creators: name: Knafo, W.
name: Duc, F.
name: Bourdarot, F.
name: Kuwahara, K.
name: Nojiri, H.
name: Aoki, D.
name: Billette, J.
name: Frings, P.
name: Tonon, X.
name: Lelièvre-Berna, E.
name: Flouquet, J.
name: Regnault, L. -P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: URu2Si2 is one of the most enigmatic strongly-correlated-electron systems and offers a fertile testing ground for new concepts in condensed matter science. In spite of >30 years of intense research, no consensus on the order parameter of its low-temperature hidden-order phase exists. A strong magnetic field transforms the hidden order into magnetically-ordered phases, whose order parameter has also been defying experimental observation. Here, thanks to an instrumentation breakthrough in high-field neutron scattering, we identify the field-induced phases of URu2Si2 as a spin-density-wave state with wavevector k1 = (0.6 0 0). The transition to the spin-density wave represents a unique touchstone for understanding the hidden-order phase. An intimate relationship between this magnetic structure, the magnetic fluctuations, and the Fermi surface is emphasized, calling for dedicated band structure calculations.
description: 22 pages, 4 Figures + supplementary information (3 pages, 1 table)
Large data mass-subcritical NLS: critical weighted bounds imply scattering
Creators: name: Killip, Rowan
name: Masaki, Satoshi
name: Murphy, Jason
name: Visan, Monica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the mass-subcritical nonlinear Schrödinger equation in all space dimensions with focusing or defocusing nonlinearity. For such equations with critical regularity $s_c\in(\max\{-1,-\frac{d}{2}\},0)$, we prove that any solution satisfying $\|\, |x|^{|s_c|}e^{-itΔ} u\|_{L_t^\infty L_x^2}
description: 29 pages
Adaptive Molecular Resolution Approach in Hamiltonian Form: An Asymptotic Analysis
Creators: name: Zhu, Jinglong
name: Klein, Rupert
name: Site, Luigi Delle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Adaptive Molecular Resolution approaches in Molecular Dynamics are becoming relevant tools for the analysis of molecular liquids characterized by the interplay of different physical scales. The essential difference among these methods is in the way the change of molecular resolution is made in a buffer/transition region. In particular a central question concerns the possibility of the existence of a global Hamiltonian which, by describing the change of resolution, is at the same time physically consistent, mathematically well defined and numerically accurate. In this paper we present an asymptotic analysis of the adaptive process complemented by numerical results and show that under certain mathematical conditions a Hamiltonian, which is physically consistent and numerically accurate, may exist. Such conditions show that molecular simulations in the current computational implementation require systems of large size and thus a Hamiltonian approach as the one proposed, at this stage, would not be practical from the numerical point of view. However, the Hamiltonian proposed provides the basis for a simplification and generalization of the numerical implementation of adaptive resolution algorithms to other molecular dynamics codes.
description: To appear in Physical Review E 2016
Improved Auto-Encoding using Deterministic Projected Belief Networks
Creators: name: Baggenstoss, Paul M
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we exploit the unique properties of a deterministic projected belief network (D-PBN) to take full advantage of trainable compound activation functions (TCAs). A D-PBN is a type of auto-encoder that operates by "backing up" through a feed-forward neural network. TCAs are activation functions with complex monotonic-increasing shapes that change the distribution of the data so that the linear transformation that follows is more effective. Because a D-PBN operates by "backing up", the TCAs are inverted in the reconstruction process, restoring the original distribution of the data, thus taking advantage of a given TCA in both analysis and reconstruction. In this paper, we show that a D-PBN auto-encoder with TCAs can significantly out-perform standard auto-encoders including variational auto-encoders.
Silicon isotopes reveal recycled altered oceanic crust in the mantle sources of Ocean Island Basalts
Creators: name: Pringle, Emily A.
name: Moynier, Frederic
name: Savage, Paul S.
name: Jackson, Matthew G.
name: Day, James M. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of silicon (Si) isotopes in ocean island basalts (OIB) has the potential to discern between different models for the origins of geochemical heterogeneities in the mantle. Relatively large (several per mil per atomic mass unit) Si isotope fractionation occurs in low-temperature environments during biochemical and geochemical precipitation of dissolved Si, where the precipitate is preferentially enriched in the lighter isotopes relative to the dissolved Si. In contrast, only a limited range (tenths of a per mil) of Si isotope fractionation has been observed from high-temperature igneous processes. Therefore, Si isotopes may be useful as tracers for the presence of crustal material within OIB mantle source regions that experienced relatively low-temperature surface processes in a manner similar to other stable isotope systems, such as oxygen. Characterizing the isotopic composition of the mantle is also of central importance to the use of the Si isotope system as a basis for comparisons with other planetary bodies (e.g., Moon, Mars, asteroids). Here we present the first comprehensive suite of high-precision Si isotope data obtained by MC-ICP-MS for a diverse suite of OIB. Samples originate from ocean islands in the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Ocean basins and include representative end-members for the EM-1, EM-2, and HIMU mantle components. On average, Si isotope compositions of OIB are in general agreement with previous estimates for the Si isotope composition of bulk silicate Earth. Nonetheless, some small systematic variations are present; specifically, most HIMU-type (Mangaia; Cape Verde; La Palma, Canary Islands) and Iceland OIB are enriched in the lighter isotopes of Si, consistent with recycled altered oceanic crust and lithospheric mantle in their mantle sources.
description: 23 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables
Insight into the origin of cometary ices from Rosetta/ROSINA mass spectrometer data
Creators: name: Rubin, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we review some of the major findings of the mass spectrometer suite ROSINA on board of ESA's Rosetta spacecraft to comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. For more than 2 years, ROSINA continuously measured the composition of the gases sublimating from the comet's nucleus. ROSINA measurements provided insight into the origin of the ices in 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. The obtained molecular, elemental, and isotope abundances revealed a composition more complex than previously known. Furthermore, a subset of these measurements indicate that a substantial fraction of the molecules incorporated into the comet predate the formation of the solar system.
The Economic Costs of Hybrid Wars: The Case of Ukraine
Creators: name: Bluszcz, Julia
name: Valente, Marica
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Hybrid conflict
subject: economic costs
subject: Ukraine crisis
subject: synthetic control
subject: conflict management
subject: 320 Politikwissenschaft (Politik und Regierung)
subject: 330 Wirtschaft

description: With more than ten thousand casualties, the ongoing hybrid Ukrainian war between pro-Russian separatists and the government in the Donbass region, Ukraine’s productive core, has taken a severe toll on the country. Using cross-country panel data over the period 1995–2017, this paper estimates the causal effects of the Donbass war on Ukraine’s GDP. Our counterfactual estimation by the synthetic control method shows that Ukraine’s per capita GDP foregone due to the war amounts to 15.1% on average for 2013–2017. Separate analysis for the affected regions of Donetsk and Luhansk indicates an average causal effect of 47% for 2013–2016. Results are robust to pre-war confounds, namely, the Orange Revolution and Ukrainian-Russian gas disputes. As such, we discuss mechanisms underlying the war’s causal effects on economic performance, which is of broader relevance for debates on the role of government in hybrid conflict management.
The abundance and environment of dark matter haloes
Creators: name: Metuki, Ofer
name: Libeskind, Noam I
name: Hoffman, Yehuda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An open question in cosmology and the theory of structure formation is to what extent does environment affect the properties of galaxies and haloes. The present paper aims at shedding light on this problem. The paper focuses on the analysis of a dark matter only simulation and it addresses the issue of how the environment affects the abundance of haloes, which are are assigned four attributes: their virial mass, an ambient density calculated with an aperture that scales with $R_{vir}$ ($Δ_M$), a fixed-aperture ($Δ_R$) ambient density, and a cosmic web classification (i.e. voids, sheets, filaments, and knots, as defined by the V--web algorithm). $Δ_M$ is the mean density around a halo evaluated within a sphere of a radius of $5$\rvir, where \rvir\ is the virial radius. $Δ_R$ is the density field Gaussian smoothed with $R=4h^{-1}$Mpc, evaluated at the center of the halo. The main result of the paper is that the difference between haloes in different web elements stems from the difference in their mass functions, and does not depend on their adaptive-aperture ambient density. A dependence on the fixed-aperture ambient density is induced by the cross correlation between the mass of a halo and its fixed-aperture ambient density.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Lista incluidos-Side effects of atypical antipsychotics. A systematic review
Creators: name: García Bravo, Joseph
name: Flores Mosquera, Karem Manuela
name: Icaza Cortez, Melany Dalila
name: Erazo, María José
name: Trujillo, Anthony
name: Cueva, Melisa
name: Zúñiga Carrasco, Danny Raúl
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 320221
subject: Psychiatry (incl. psychotherapy)

description: Atypical antipsychotics, also known as second-generation antipsychotics, have demonstrated efficacy in controlling both positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia, as well as in the treatment of other psychotic disorders. However, despite their therapeutic benefits, atypical antipsychotics are also associated with a range of side effects.In this review, we aim to examine the most common adverse effects associated with the use of atypical antipsychotics in patients. It is important to note that the incidence and severity of these effects may vary among different atypical antipsychotic agents and also among individuals receiving treatment. However, there are some adverse effects that have been reported more frequently and warrant special attention.One of the most common adverse effects is weight gain and alteration of lipid metabolism. Certain atypical antipsychotics, such as olanzapine and clozapine, have been associated with an increased risk of weight gain, dyslipidemia, and the development of metabolic syndrome. These effects may predispose patients to cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes, needing careful monitoring and appropriate management strategies.
Gamma-ray burst cosmology: Hubble diagram and star formation history
Creators: name: Wei, Jun-Jie
name: Wu, Xue-Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We briefly introduce the disadvantages for Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) as standard candles to measure the Universe, and suggest Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) can serve as a powerful tool for probing the properties of high redshift Universe. We use GRBs as distance indicators in constructing the Hubble diagram at redshifts beyond the current reach of SNe Ia observations. Since the progenitors of long GRBs are confirmed to be massive stars, they are deemed as an effective approach to study the cosmic star formation rate (SFR). A detailed representation of how to measure high-$z$ SFR using GRBs is presented. Moreover, first stars can form only in structures that are suitably dense, which can be parameterized by defining the minimum dark matter halo mass $M_{\rm min}$. $M_{\rm min}$ must play a crucial role in star formation. The association of long GRBs with the collapses of massive stars also indicates that the GRB data can be applied to constrain the minimum halo mass $M_{\rm min}$ and to investigate star formation in dark matter halos.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures, in Proceedings of 14th Marcel-Grossmann Meeting, to appear in IJMPD
Valid lower bound for all estimators in quantum parameter estimation
Creators: name: Liu, Jing
name: Yuan, Haidong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The widely used quantum Cramer-Rao bound (QCRB) sets a lower bound for the mean square error of unbiased estimators in quantum parameter estimation, however, in general QCRB is only tight in the asymptotical limit. With a limited number of measurements biased estimators can have a far better performance for which QCRB cannot calibrate. Here we introduce a valid lower bound for all estimators, either biased or unbiased, which can serve as standard of merit for all quantum parameter estimations.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
The lopsided distribution of satellite galaxies
Creators: name: Libeskind, Noam I
name: Guo, Quan
name: Tempel, Elmo
name: Ibata, Rodrigo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The distribution of smaller satellite galaxies around large central galaxies has attracted attention because peculiar spatial and kinematic configurations have been detected in some systems. A particularly striking example of such behavior is seen in the satellite system of the Andromeda galaxy, where around 80\% are on the nearside of that galaxy, facing the Milky Way. Motivated by this departure from anisotropy, we examined the spatial distribution of satellites around pairs of galaxies in the SDSS. By stacking tens of thousands of satellites around galaxy pairs we found that satellites tend to bulge towards the other central galaxy, preferably occupying the space between the pair, rather than being spherically or axis-symmetrically distributed around each host. The bulging is a function of the opening angle examined and is fairly strong -- there are up to $\sim$10\% more satellites in the space between the pair, than expected from uniform. Consequently, it is a statistically very strong signal, being inconsistent with a uniform distribution at the 5$σ$ level. The possibility that the observed signal is the result of the overlap of two haloes with extended satellite distributions, is ruled out by testing this hypothesis by performing the same tests on isolated galaxies (and their satellites) artificially placed at similar separations. These findings highlight the unrelaxed and interacting nature of galaxies in pairs.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJ
Quantum mean-field approximation for lattice quantum models: truncating quantum correlations, and retaining classical ones
Creators: name: Malpetti, Daniele
name: Roscilde, Tommaso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent work [D. Malpetti and T. Roscilde, arXiv:1605.04223] we have shown that in quantum many-body systems at finite temperature, two-point correlations can be formally separated into a thermal part, and a quantum part -- and that generically quantum correlations decay exponentially at finite temperature, with a characteristic, temperature-dependent quantum coherence length. The existence of these two different forms of correlation in quantum many-body systems suggests the possibility of formulating an approximation which affects quantum correlations only, without preventing the correct description of classical fluctuations at all length scales. Focusing on lattice boson and quantum Ising models, we make use of the path-integral formulation of quantum statistical mechanics to introduce such an approximation -- that we dub \emph{quantum mean-field} (QMF) approach, and which can be readily generalized to a cluster form (cluster QMF or cQMF). The cQMF approximation reduces to cluster mean-field theory at $T=0$, while at any finite temperature it produces a family of systematically improved, semi-classical approximations to the quantum statistical mechanics of the lattice theory at hand. Contrary to standard MF approximations, the correct nature of thermal critical phenomena is captured by any cluster size. In the two exemplary cases of the two-dimensional quantum Ising model and of two-dimensional quantum rotors, we study systematically the convergence of the cQMF approximation towards the exact result, and show that the convergence is typically linear or sub-linear in the { boundary-to-bulk ratio} of the clusters as $T\to 0$, while it becomes faster than linear as $T$ grows. These results pave the way towards the development of semi-classical numerical approaches based on an approximate, { yet} systematically improved account of quantum correlations.
description: 19 pages, 15 figures
Collaborative effects of wavefront shaping and optical clearing agent in optical coherence tomography
Creators: name: Yu, Hyeonseung
name: Lee, Peter
name: Jo, YoungJu
name: Lee, KyeoReh
name: Tuchin, Valery V.
name: Jeong, Yong
name: Park, YongKeun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that simultaneous application of optical clearing agents (OCAs) and complex wavefront shaping in optical coherence tomography (OCT) can provide significant enhancement of the penetration depth and imaging quality. OCA reduces optical inhomogeneity of a highly scattering sample, and the wavefront shaping of illumination light controls multiple scattering, resulting in an enhancement of the penetration depth and signal-to-noise ratio. A tissue phantom study shows that concurrent applications of OCA and wavefront shaping successfully operate in OCT imaging. The penetration depth enhancement is further demonstrated for ex vivo mouse ears, revealing hidden structures inaccessible with conventional OCT imaging.
Lista incluidos-Side effects of atypical antipsychotics. A systematic review
Creators: name: García Bravo, Joseph
name: Flores Mosquera, Karem Manuela
name: Icaza Cortez, Melany Dalila
name: Erazo, María José
name: Trujillo, Anthony
name: Cueva, Melisa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 320221
subject: Psychiatry (incl. psychotherapy)

description: Atypical antipsychotics, also known as second-generation antipsychotics, have demonstrated efficacy in controlling both positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia, as well as in the treatment of other psychotic disorders. However, despite their therapeutic benefits, atypical antipsychotics are also associated with a range of side effects.In this review, we aim to examine the most common adverse effects associated with the use of atypical antipsychotics in patients. It is important to note that the incidence and severity of these effects may vary among different atypical antipsychotic agents and also among individuals receiving treatment. However, there are some adverse effects that have been reported more frequently and warrant special attention.One of the most common adverse effects is weight gain and alteration of lipid metabolism. Certain atypical antipsychotics, such as olanzapine and clozapine, have been associated with an increased risk of weight gain, dyslipidemia, and the development of metabolic syndrome. These effects may predispose patients to cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes, needing careful monitoring and appropriate management strategies.
Conformal order and Poincar$\rm{\acute{e}}$-Klein mapping underlying electrostatics-driven inhomogeneity in tethered membranes
Creators: name: Sun, Honghui
name: Yao, Zhenwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the organization of matter under the long-range electrostatic force is a fundamental problem in multiple fields. In this work, based on the electrically charged tethered membrane model, we reveal regular structures underlying the lowest-energy states of inhomogeneously stretched planar lattices by a combination of numerical simulation and analytical geometric analysis. Specifically, we show the conformal order characterized by the preserved bond angle in the lattice deformation, and reveal the Poincar$\rm{\acute{e}}$-Klein mapping underlying the electrostatics-driven inhomogeneity. The discovery of the Poincar$\rm{\acute{e}}$-Klein mapping, which connects the Poincar$\rm{\acute{e}}$ disk and the Klein disk for the hyperbolic plane, implies the connection of long-range electrostatic force and hyperbolic geometry. We also discuss lattices with patterned charges of opposite signs for modulating in-plane inhomogeneity and even creating 3D shapes, which may have a connection to metamaterials design. This work suggests the geometric analysis as a promising approach for elucidating the organization of matter under the long-range force.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures
Outlier-aware Inlier Modeling and Multi-scale Scoring for Anomalous Sound Detection via Multitask Learning
Creators: name: Zhang, Yucong
name: Suo, Hongbin
name: Wan, Yulong
name: Li, Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper proposes an approach for anomalous sound detection that incorporates outlier exposure and inlier modeling within a unified framework by multitask learning. While outlier exposure-based methods can extract features efficiently, it is not robust. Inlier modeling is good at generating robust features, but the features are not very effective. Recently, serial approaches are proposed to combine these two methods, but it still requires a separate training step for normal data modeling. To overcome these limitations, we use multitask learning to train a conformer-based encoder for outlier-aware inlier modeling. Moreover, our approach provides multi-scale scores for detecting anomalies. Experimental results on the MIMII and DCASE 2020 task 2 datasets show that our approach outperforms state-of-the-art single-model systems and achieves comparable results with top-ranked multi-system ensembles.
description: accepted at INTERSPEECH 2023
An Open RAN Framework for the Dynamic Control of 5G Service Level Agreements
Creators: name: Moro, Eugenio
name: Polese, Michele
name: Capone, Antonio
name: Melodia, Tommaso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The heterogeneity of use cases that next-generation wireless systems need to support calls for flexible and programmable networks that can autonomously adapt to the application requirements. Specifically, traffic flows that support critical applications (e.g., vehicular control or safety communications) often come with a requirement in terms of guaranteed performance. At the same time, others are more elastic and can adapt to the resources made available by the network (e.g., video streaming). To this end, the Open Radio Access Network (RAN) paradigm is seen as an enabler of dynamic control and adaptation of the protocol stack of 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) networks in the 5th Generation (5G) and beyond. Through its embodiment in the O-RAN alliance specifications, it introduces the Ran Intelligent Controllers (RICs), which enable closed-loop control, leveraging a rich set of RAN Key Performance Measurements (KPMs) to build a representation of the network and enforcing dynamic control through the configuration of 3GPP-defined stack parameters. In this paper, we leverage the Open RAN closed-loop control capabilities to design, implement, and evaluate multiple data-driven and dynamic Service Level Agreement (SLA) enforcement policies, capable of adapting the RAN semi-persistent scheduling patterns to match users requirements. To do so, we implement semi-persistent scheduling capabilities in the OpenAirInterface (OAI) 5G stack, as well as an easily extensible and customizable version of the Open RAN E2 interface that connects the OAI base stations to the near-real-time RIC. We deploy and test our framework on Colosseum, a large-scale hardware-in-the-loop channel emulator. Results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed Open RAN-based solution in managing SLA in near-real-time.
Visible and hidden sectors in a model with Maxwell and Chern-Simons gauge dynamics
Creators: name: Ireson, Edwin
name: Schaposnik, Fidel A.
name: Tallarita, Gianni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a $U(1) \times U(1)$ gauge theory discussing its vortex solutions and supersymmetric extension. In our set-upon the dynamics of one of two Abelian gauge fields is governed by a Maxwell term, the other by a Chern-Simons term. The two sectors via a BF gauge field mixing and a Higgs portal term that connects the two complex scalars. We also consider the supersymmetric version of this system which allows to find for the bosonic sector BPS equations in which an additional real scalar field enters into play. We study numerically the field equations finding vortex solutions with both magnetic flux and electric charge.
description: 15 pages, 19 plots, v2 restoring missing plots and acknowledgements sentence
The convective kissing instability in low-mass M-dwarf models: convective overshooting, semi-convection, luminosity functions, surface abundances and star cluster age dating
Creators: name: Mansfield, Santana
name: Kroupa, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low-mass models of M-dwarfs that undergo the convective kissing instability fluctuate in luminosity and temperature resulting in a gap in the main sequence that is observed in the $Gaia$ data. During this instability, the models have repeated periods of full convection where the material is mixed throughout the model. Stellar evolution models are performed using MESA with varying amounts of convective overshooting and semi-convection. We find that the amplitude and intensity of the instability is reduced with increasing amounts of overshooting but sustained when semi-convection is present. This is reflected in the loops in the evolutionary tracks in the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram. The surface abundances of $^1$H, $^3$He, $^4$He, $^{12}$C, $^{14}$N and $^{16}$O increase or decrease over time due to the convective boundary, however the relative abundance changes are very small and not likely observable. The mass and magnitude values from the models are assigned to a synthetic population of stars from the mass-magnitude relation to create colour-magnitude diagrams, which reproduce the M-dwarf gap as a large indent into the blueward edge of the main sequence (MS). This is featured in the luminosity function as a small peak and dip. The width of the MS decreases over time along with the difference in width between the MS at masses higher and lower than the instability. The parallel offset and relative angle between the upper and lower parts of the MS also change with time along with the mass-magnitude relation. Potential age-dating methods for single stars and stellar populations are described.
description: 11 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication to MNRAS
Near-membrane refractometry using supercritical angle fluorescence
Creators: name: Brunstein, Maia
name: Roy, Lopamudra
name: Oheim, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy and its variants are key technologies for visualizing the dynamics of single molecules or organelles in live cells. Yet, truely quantitative TIRF remains problematic. One unknown hampering the interpretation of evanescent-wave excited fluorescence intensities is the undetermined cell refractive index (RI). Here, we use a combination of TIRF excitation and supercritical angle fluorescence emission detection to directly mea-sure the average RI in the 'footprint' region of the cell, during imaging. Our RI measurement is based on the determination on a back-focal plane image of the critical angle separating supercritical and undercritial fluorescence emission components. We validate our method by imaging mouse embryonic fibroblasts. By targeting various dyes and fluorescent-protein chimerae to vesicles, the plasma membrane as well as mitochondria and the ER, we demonstrate local RI measurements with subcellular resolution on a standard TIRF microscope with a removable Bertrand lens as the only modification. Our tech-nique has important applications for imaging axial vesicle dynamics, mitochondrial energy state or detecting cancer cells.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables
Analysis of nulling phase functions suitable to image plane coronagraphy
Creators: name: Henault, Francois
name: Carlotti, Alexis
name: Verinaud, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coronagraphy is a very efficient technique for identifying and characterizing extra-solar planets orbiting in the habitable zone of their parent star, especially when used in a space environment. An important family of coronagraphs is based on phase plates located at an intermediate image plane of the optical system, that spread the starlight outside the "Lyot" exit pupil plane of the instrument. In this communication we present a set of candidate phase functions generating a central null at the Lyot plane, and study how it propagates to the image plane of the coronagraph. These functions include linear azimuthal phase ramps (the well-known optical vortex), azimuthally cosine-modulated phase profiles, and circular phase gratings. Numerical simulations of the expected null depth, inner working angle, sensitivity to pointing errors, effect of central obscuration located at the pupil or image planes, and effective throughput including image mask and Lyot stop transmissions are presented and discussed. The preliminary conclusion is that azimuthal cosine functions appear as an interesting alternative to the classical optical vortex of integer topological charge.
description: 12 pages
Electron Precipitation Observed by ELFIN Using Proton Precipitation as a Proxy for Electromagnetic Ion Cyclotron (EMIC) Waves
Creators: name: Capannolo, Luisa
name: Li, Wen
name: Ma, Qianli
name: Qin, Murong
name: Shen, Xiao-Chen
name: Angelopoulos, Vassilis
name: Artemyev, Anton
name: Zhang, Xiao-Jia
name: Hanzelka, Mirek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electromagnetic Ion Cyclotron (EMIC) waves can drive radiation belt depletion and Low-Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites can detect the resulting electron and proton precipitation. The ELFIN (Electron Losses and Fields InvestigatioN) CubeSats provide an excellent opportunity to study the properties of EMIC-driven electron precipitation with much higher energy and pitch-angle resolution than previously allowed. We collect EMIC-driven electron precipitation events from ELFIN observations and use POES (Polar Orbiting Environmental Satellites) to search for 10s-100s keV proton precipitation nearby as a proxy of EMIC wave activity. Electron precipitation mainly occurs on localized radial scales (0.3 L), over 15-24 MLT and 5-8 L shells, stronger at MeV energies and weaker down to 100-200 keV. Additionally, the observed loss cone pitch-angle distribution agrees with quasilinear predictions at >250 keV (more filled loss cone with increasing energy), while additional mechanisms are needed to explain the observed low-energy precipitation.
description: This manuscript has been accepted by Geophysical Research Letters in June 2023, currently pending publication. The version here is the accepted version
Explosive Particle Dispersion in Plasma Turbulence
Creators: name: Servidio, S.
name: Haynes, C. T.
name: Matthaeus, W. H.
name: Burgess, D.
name: Carbone, V.
name: Veltri, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Particle dynamics are investigated in plasma turbulence, using self-consistent kinetic simulations, in two dimensions. In steady state, the trajectories of single protons and proton-pairs are studied, at different values of plasma "beta" (ratio between kinetic and magnetic pressure). For single-particle displacements, results are consistent with fluids and magnetic field line dynamics, where particles undergo normal diffusion for very long times, with higher "beta" being more diffusive. In an intermediate time range, with separations lying in the inertial range, particles experience an explosive dispersion in time, consistent with the Richardson prediction. These results, obtained for the first time with a self-consistent kinetic model, are relevant for astrophysical and laboratory plasmas, where turbulence is crucial for heating, mixing and acceleration processes.