cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Writing to learn mathematics: student journals and student-constructed questions
Creators: name: Menon, Ramakrishnan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: The purpose of the study was to investigate the mathematical learning indicated by using student journals (SJ) and student-constructed word problems (SCQ) in a mathematics class where the teacher initiated the procedures and conducted the lessons. The class was a multi-level Grade 5 and Grade 6 class but only the Grade 6students were the focus of the study. Three times a week, towards the end of their mathematics lesson students wrote in their SJ in response to teacher prompts. Once a week, the students also prepared SCQ, in groups and individually. These SCQ were collected, edited, typed and redistributed to the class by the teacher, and used as class exercises. Six students were interviewed (video-taped) three times each over the 15-week period of study. Records of these interviews, classroom observations and a teacher interview were all used to complement the analysis of SJ and the individually-prepared SCQ. Although the SJ did give insights about students' mathematical knowledge, students' oral explanations indicated that they understood more than what was written in their SJ. Hence, the lack of ability to communicate through written words in the SJ was not an indicator of student’s mathematical understanding. In contrast, the SCQ indicated students' knowledge of fractions better, both (a) implicitly, through the type of question asked, information given, and the accompanying solution and (b) explicitly, through the type of fraction relationships, the amount of detail, and the number of steps and operations involved. The SCQ also revealed that students tended to base their word problems on (a) their own experiences and interests, (b) an assumption of shared knowledge between the reader and writer of the word problem, (c) numbers which made computation easy and (d) the discrete model of fractions rather than the region model. The results of this study indicate that the SCQ assisted mathematical learning in a classroom context but that the value of the SJ needs to be reconsidered.
The bulge in the basal plane area of cuprate superconductors - evidence for 3a singlet hole pairs
Creators: name: Röhler, Jürgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The bulge in the doping dependence of the basal plane area in hole doped cuprate superconductors is connected with a non-double-occupancy constraint for the oxygen cages in the CuO_2 lattice. This constraint favors the formation of 3a hole pairs growing to filaments with gapless excitations along the (pi, pi) direction. Thus in the pseudogap regime a nodal metal of hole pairs is created. Densest packed 3a hole pairs stabilize the optimum doped state at n =1/6 ~ 0.16.
description: 2 pages, 2 figures, submitted to Physica C (Proceedings of the M2S-HTSC-VIII Conference, Dresden, Germany)
Quadratic first integrals of time-dependent dynamical systems of the form $\ddot{q}^{a}= -Γ^{a}_{bc}\dot{q}^{b} \dot{q}^{c} -ω(t)Q^{a}(q)$
Creators: name: Mitsopoulos, Antonios
name: Tsamparlis, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the time-dependent dynamical system $\ddot{q}^{a}= -Γ_{bc}^{a}\dot{q}^{b}\dot{q}^{c}-ω(t)Q^{a}(q)$ where $ω(t)$ is a non-zero arbitrary function and the connection coefficients $Γ^{a}_{bc}$ are computed from the kinetic metric (kinetic energy) of the system. In order to determine the quadratic first integrals (QFIs) $I$ we assume that $I=K_{ab}\dot{q}^{a} \dot{q}^{b} +K_{a}\dot{q}^{a}+K$ where the unknown coefficients $K_{ab}, K_{a}, K$ are tensors depending on $t, q^{a}$ and impose the condition $\frac{dI}{dt}=0$. This condition leads to a system of partial differential equations (PDEs) involving the quantities $K_{ab}, K_{a}, K,$ $ω(t)$ and $Q^{a}(q)$. From these PDEs, it follows that $K_{ab}$ is a Killing tensor (KT) of the kinetic metric. We use the KT $K_{ab}$ in two ways: a. We assume a general polynomial form in $t$ both for $K_{ab}$ and $K_{a}$; b. We express $K_{ab}$ in a basis of the KTs of order 2 of the kinetic metric assuming the coefficients to be functions of $t$. In both cases, this leads to a new system of PDEs whose solution requires that we specify either $ω(t)$ or $Q^{a}(q)$. We consider first that $ω(t)$ is a general polynomial in $t$ and find that in this case the dynamical system admits two independent QFIs which we collect in a Theorem. Next, we specify the quantities $Q^{a}(q)$ to be the generalized time-dependent Kepler potential $V=-\frac{ω(t)}{r^ν}$ and determine the functions $ω(t)$ for which QFIs are admitted. We extend the discussion to the non-linear differential equation $\ddot{x}=-ω(t)x^{μ}+ϕ(t)\dot{x}$ $(μ\neq -1)$ and compute the relation between the coefficients $ω(t), ϕ(t)$ so that QFIs are admitted. We apply the results to determine the QFIs of the generalized Lane-Emden equation.
Mean field thermodynamics of a spin-polarized spherically trapped Fermi gas at unitarity
Creators: name: Liu, Xia-Ji
name: Hu, Hui
name: Drummond, Peter D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the mean-field thermodynamics of a spherically trapped Fermi gas with unequal spin populations in the unitarity limit, comparing results from the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations and the local density approximation. We follow the usual mean-field decoupling in deriving the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations and set up an efficient and accurate method for solving these equations. In the local density approximation we consider locally homogeneous solutions, with a slowly varying order parameter. With a large particle number these two approximation schemes give rise to essentially the same results for various thermodynamic quantities, including the density profiles. This excellent agreement strongly indicates that the small oscillation of order parameters near the edge of trap, sometimes interpreted as spatially inhomogeneous Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov states in previous studies of Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations, is a finite size effect. We find that a bimodal structure emerges in the density profile of the minority spin state at finite temperature, as observed in experiments. The superfluid transition temperature as a function of the population imbalance is determined, and is shown to be consistent with recent experimental measurements. The temperature dependence of the equation of state is discussed.
description: 14 pages + 9 figures; Published version in PRA
Additional file 2 of A study of genomic diversity in populations of Maharashtra, India, inferred from 20 autosomal STR markers
Creators: name: Badiye, Ashish
name: Kapoor, Neeti
name: R. K. Kumawat
name: Dixit, Shivani
name: Mishra, Aditi
name: Akansha Dixit
name: Prachi Kathane
name: Bag, Sudeshna
name: Vaishnavi Thakre
name: Kaitholia, Kamlesh
name: Srivastava, Ankit
name: Gyaneshwer Chaubey
name: Shrivastava, Pankaj
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Fst pairwise genetic distances between the admixed population of Maharashtra and the compared populations with their corresponding p-valueFst pairwise genetic distances between the admixed population of Maharashtra and the compared populations with their corresponding p-value.
Ageing and Relaxation in Glass Forming Systems
Creators: name: Ilyin, Valery
name: Procaccia, Itamar
name: Regev, Ido
name: Schupper, Nurith
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose that there exists a generic class of glass forming systems that have competing states (of crystalline order or not) which are locally close in energy to the ground state (which is typically unique). Upon cooling, such systems exhibit patches (or clusters) of these competing states which become locally stable in the sense of having a relatively high local shear modulus. It is in between these clusters where ageing, relaxation and plasticity under strain can take place. We demonstrate explicitly that relaxation events that lead to ageing occur where the local shear modulus is low (even negative), and result in an increase in the size of local patches of relative order. We examine the ageing events closely from two points of view. On the one hand we show that they are very localized in real space, taking place outside the patches of relative order, and from the other point of view we show that they represent transitions from one local minimum in the potential surface to another. This picture offers a direct relation between structure and dynamics, ascribing the slowing down in glass forming systems to the reduction in relative volume of the amorphous material which is liquid-like. While we agree with the well known Adam-Gibbs proposition that the slowing down is due to an entropic squeeze (a dramatic decrease in the number of available configurations), we do not agree with the Adam-Gibbs (or the Volger-Fulcher) formulae that predict an infinite relaxation time at a finite temperature. Rather, we propose that generically there should be no singular crisis at any finite temperature: the relaxation time and the associated correlation length (average cluster size) increase at most super-exponentially when the temperature is lowered.
Additional file 3 of A study of genomic diversity in populations of Maharashtra, India, inferred from 20 autosomal STR markers
Creators: name: Badiye, Ashish
name: Kapoor, Neeti
name: R. K. Kumawat
name: Dixit, Shivani
name: Mishra, Aditi
name: Akansha Dixit
name: Prachi Kathane
name: Bag, Sudeshna
name: Vaishnavi Thakre
name: Kaitholia, Kamlesh
name: Srivastava, Ankit
name: Gyaneshwer Chaubey
name: Shrivastava, Pankaj
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Table S3. Fst pairwise genetic distances between the Teli population of Maharashtra and the compared populations with their corresponding p-value.
Renormalization in Coulomb-gauge QCD within the Lagrangian formalism
Creators: name: Niegawa, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study renormalization of Coulomb-gauge QCD within the Lagrangian second-order formalism. We derive a Ward identity and the Zinn-Justin equation, and, with the help of the latter, we give a proof of algebraic renormalizability of the theory. Through diagrammatic analyses, we show that, in the strict Coulomb gauge, g^2D^{00} is invariant under renormalization. (D^{00} is the time-time component of the gluon propagator.)
description: 20 pages
Blockchain and AI-based Solutions to Combat Coronavirus (COVID-19)-like Epidemics: A Survey
Creators: name: Nguyen, Dinh C.
name: Ding, Ming
name: Pathirana, Pubudu N.
name: Seneviratne, Aruna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The beginning of 2020 has seen the emergence of coronavirus outbreak caused by a novel virus called SARS-CoV-2. The sudden explosion and uncontrolled worldwide spread of COVID-19 show the limitations of existing healthcare systems in timely handling public health emergencies. In such contexts, innovative technologies such as blockchain and Artificial Intelligence (AI) have emerged as promising solutions for fighting coronavirus epidemic. In particular, blockchain can combat pandemics by enabling early detection of outbreaks, ensuring the ordering of medical data, and ensuring reliable medical supply chain during the outbreak tracing. Moreover, AI provides intelligent solutions for identifying symptoms caused by coronavirus for treatments and supporting drug manufacturing. Therefore, we present an extensive survey on the use of blockchain and AI for combating COVID-19 epidemics. First, we introduce a new conceptual architecture which integrates blockchain and AI for fighting COVID-19. Then, we survey the latest research efforts on the use of blockchain and AI for fighting COVID-19 in various applications. The newly emerging projects and use cases enabled by these technologies to deal with coronavirus pandemic are also presented. A case study is also provided using federated AI for COVID-19 detection. Finally, we point out challenges and future directions that motivate more research efforts to deal with future coronavirus-like epidemics.
description: Accepted at IEEE Access Journal, 24 pages
Fast aperiodic variability in the black hole binary GRS 1915+105: the timing signature of relativistic ejection events
Creators: name: Soleri, P.
name: Belloni, T.
name: Casella, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present X-ray observations of the Black-Hole Binary GRS 1915+105 made with the RXTE (Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer). We concentrated on timing analysis of the strong variability focusing on its aperiodic variability on short (<1s) time scales. In the power density spectra, we found a feature which is seen in many transient systems, but until now was not detected in GRS 1915+105 due to its elusiveness. As this feature has been associated to the collimation and emission of superluminal relativistic jets visible in the radio band, its presence on the prototypical galactic jet source strengthens this connection. Since its discovery in 1992, GRS 1915+105 was considered a peculiar source. Our results suggest that its general behaviour is similar to that of other black-hole binaries, but its state-transitions are much faster and difficult to analyze.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in the proceedings of VI Microquasar Workshop: Microquasars and Beyond, 18-22 September 2006, Como (Italy), ed: T. Belloni (2006)
Enhancing Crystal Structure Prediction by decomposition methods based on graph theory
Creators: name: Gao, Hao
name: Wang, Junjie
name: Han, Yu
name: Sun, Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Crystal structure prediction algorithms have become powerful tools for materials discovery in recent years, however, they are usually limited to relatively small systems. The main challenge is that the number of local minima grows exponentially with system size. In this work, we proposed two crossover-mutation schemes based on graph theory to accelerate the evolutionary structure searching. These schemes can detect molecules or clusters inside periodic networks using quotient graphs for crystals and the decomposition can dramatically reduce the searching space. Sufficient examples for the test, including the high pressure phases of methane, ammonia, MgAl2O4, and boron, show that these new evolution schemes can obviously improve the success rate and searching efficiency compared with the standard method in both isolated and extended systems.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables
Exact Analysis of Entanglement in Gapped Quantum Spin Chains
Creators: name: Katsura, Hosho
name: Hirano, Takaaki
name: Hatsugai, Yasuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the entanglement properties of the valence-bond-solid states with generic integer-spin $S$. Using the Schwinger boson representation of the valence-bond-solid states, the entanglement entropy, the von Neumann entropy of a subsystem, is obtained exactly and its relationship with the usual correlation function is clarified. The saturation value of the entanglement entropy, $2 \log_2 (S+1)$, is derived explicitly and is interpreted in terms of the edge-state picture. The validity of our analytical results and the edge-state picture is numerically confirmed. We also propose a novel application of the edge state as a qubit for quantum computation.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Squark Cascade Decays to Charginos/Neutralinos: Gluon Radiation
Creators: name: Horsky, Roman
name: Krämer, Michael
name: Mück, Alexander
name: Zerwas, Peter M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The momentum spectrum and the polarization of charginos and neutralinos in squark decays are affected by gluon radiation in the decay process \tilde{q} \to q \tildeχ (g). We determine these corrections and study their impact on the [ql] invariant mass distributions for leptonic \tildeχ decays. The higher-order corrections, though small in general, can be sizeable near pronounced edges of the final-state distributions.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures
DistoX calibration tools and the need for calibration checking
Creators: name: Perne, Matija
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For proper cave surveying using DistoX, the device needs to be calibrated with adequate accuracy. Calibrating does not require any tools; but, tools to make calibration easier have been developed. Theoretical consideration shows that the use of certain tools enables one to introduce a type of calibration error that goes undetected by the calibration software. In this study, the existence of such errors is experimentally confirmed and their magnitude is estimated. It is demonstrated to be crucial that the DistoX is calibrated and that the calibration is valid, that is, that the device has not changed since it was last calibrated. No part of the DistoX must have moved or changed its magnetization since calibration, not even the battery. The calibration method used and the quality of the resulting calibration are important too. It is highly recommended that the DistoX be checked immediately before surveying a cave and thus avoid the possibility of using an uncalibrated, not validly calibrated, or poorly calibrated device. To complete the check, a few survey shots are measured multiple times with the device at different roll angles, and the back shot of one of the shots is measured. If the device is properly calibrated, the measurements will agree with each other within the acceptable measurement error. This is not the case for a device that is not properly calibrated.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables
Additional file 1 of Understanding the roles of community health workers in improving perinatal health equity in rural Uttar Pradesh, India: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Blanchard, Andrea K.
name: Ansari, Shahnaz
name: Rajput, Rajni
name: Colbourn, Tim
name: Houweling, Tanja A. J.
name: Shajy Isac
name: Anthony, John
name: Prost, Audrey
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Figure 1. Intended programme pathway from ASHA home visits to perinatal health outcomes.
Suppression of ferromagnetism in CeSi_1.81 under temperature and pressure
Creators: name: Drotziger, S.
name: Pfleiderer, C.
name: Uhlarz, M.
name: Lohneysen, H. v.
name: Souptel, D.
name: Loser, W.
name: Behr, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the pressure dependence of the magnetization of single crystalline CeSi_1.81. At ambient pressure ferromagnetism develops below T_C = 9.5 Below ~ 5 K an additional shoulder in low-field hysteresis loops and a metamagnetic crossover around 4 T suggest the appearance of an additional magnetic modulation to the ferromagnetic state. The suppression of the magnetic order in CeSi_1.81 as function of temperature at ambient pressure and as function of pressure at low temperature are in remarkable qualitative agreement. The continuous suppression of the ordered moment at p ~ 13.1 kbar suggests the existence of a ferromagnetic quantum critical point in this material.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures, to be published in Physical Review B
A size and shape analysis in obstructive sleep apnea patients
Creators: name: Pae, Eung-Kwon
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is related to an abnormal configuration of the upper airway. Since it presupposes a complex pathogenesis, studies on the disease usually require the analysis of many variables. This makes it difficult to obtain an adequate sample size. Further, the size of the upper airway structure often overwhelms the data matrix, and thus may be a source of multicollinearity or noise. More seriously, the strong size effect may hide an underlying biological factor. Landmark data and their analytic tools were employed in this study to partial out the size factor, and to decompose shape changes into uniform and non-uniform components. The non-uniform deformation was quantified in terms of bending energy by the Thin-Plate (TP) spline analysis. The Partial Least Square (PLS) method was applied to summarize the intricate data structure. The tongue was the unique upper airway structure for which size presented a significant association with OSA severity. In accordance with symptom severity, the hyoid bone and the submental region moved inferiorly and the fourth vertebra moved posteriorly with respect to the mandibular plane. This caused a fan-like configuration of the lower part of the upper airway in upright and supine body positions. Body position changes generated significant tongue deformation. TP splines revealed that the distinct tongue deformation caused by a body position change enable one to distinguish the asymptomatic group from the OSA subjects. Pharyngeal length was found to be proportionally associated with OSA symptoms. Results from the PLS analysis confirmed that the pharynx variables obtained in the upright position may best predict symptom severity. Overall, the new morphometric tools adopted here were found to be viable inOSA analysis.
Additional file 2 of Understanding the roles of community health workers in improving perinatal health equity in rural Uttar Pradesh, India: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Blanchard, Andrea K.
name: Ansari, Shahnaz
name: Rajput, Rajni
name: Colbourn, Tim
name: Houweling, Tanja A. J.
name: Shajy Isac
name: Anthony, John
name: Prost, Audrey
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary Table 1. Focus group discussion tools with women who recently gave birth and ASHAs.
Bose-Einstein Condensation Temperature of Dipolar Gas in Anisotropic Harmonic Trap
Creators: name: Glaum, Konstantin
name: Pelster, Axel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a dilute gas of dipole moments in an arbitrary harmonic trap and treat both the short-range, isotropic delta-interaction and the long-range, anisotropic dipole-dipole interaction perturbatively. With this we calculate the leading shift of the critical temperature with respect to that of an ideal gas as a function of the relative orientation of the dipole moments with respect to the harmonic trap axes. In particular, we determine those magic angles, where the dipolar shift of the Bose-Einstein condensation temperature vanishes. Furthermore, we show for the parameters of the ongoing 52Cr-experiment in Stuttgart that this dipolar shift can be enhanced by increasing the number of particles, the geometrical mean trap frequency, and the anisotropy of the trap.
description: Author information under http://www.theo-phys.uni-essen.de/tp/ags/pelster_dir
Transient-optimised real-bogus classification with Bayesian Convolutional Neural Networks -- sifting the GOTO candidate stream
Creators: name: Killestein, T. L.
name: Lyman, J.
name: Steeghs, D.
name: Ackley, K.
name: Dyer, M. J.
name: Ulaczyk, K.
name: Cutter, R.
name: Mong, Y. -L.
name: Galloway, D. K.
name: Dhillon, V.
name: O'Brien, P.
name: Ramsay, G.
name: Poshyachinda, S.
name: Kotak, R.
name: Breton, R. P.
name: Nuttall, L. K.
name: Pallé, E.
name: Pollacco, D.
name: Thrane, E.
name: Aukkaravittayapun, S.
name: Awiphan, S.
name: Burhanudin, U.
name: Chote, P.
name: Chrimes, A.
name: Daw, E.
name: Duffy, C.
name: Eyles-Ferris, R.
name: Gompertz, B.
name: Heikkilä, T.
name: Irawati, P.
name: Kennedy, M. R.
name: Levan, A.
name: Littlefair, S.
name: Makrygianni, L.
name: Sánchez, D. Mata
name: Mattila, S.
name: Maund, J.
name: McCormac, J.
name: Mkrtichian, D.
name: Mullaney, J.
name: Rol, E.
name: Sawangwit, U.
name: Stanway, E.
name: Starling, R.
name: Strøm, P. A.
name: Tooke, S.
name: Wiersema, K.
name: Williams, S. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large-scale sky surveys have played a transformative role in our understanding of astrophysical transients, only made possible by increasingly powerful machine learning-based filtering to accurately sift through the vast quantities of incoming data generated. In this paper, we present a new real-bogus classifier based on a Bayesian convolutional neural network that provides nuanced, uncertainty-aware classification of transient candidates in difference imaging, and demonstrate its application to the datastream from the GOTO wide-field optical survey. Not only are candidates assigned a well-calibrated probability of being real, but also an associated confidence that can be used to prioritise human vetting efforts and inform future model optimisation via active learning. To fully realise the potential of this architecture, we present a fully-automated training set generation method which requires no human labelling, incorporating a novel data-driven augmentation method to significantly improve the recovery of faint and nuclear transient sources. We achieve competitive classification accuracy (FPR and FNR both below 1%) compared against classifiers trained with fully human-labelled datasets, whilst being significantly quicker and less labour-intensive to build. This data-driven approach is uniquely scalable to the upcoming challenges and data needs of next-generation transient surveys. We make our data generation and model training codes available to the community.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures, resubmitted to MNRAS following reviewer comments
A class of relativistic stars with a linear equation of state
Creators: name: Sharma, R.
name: Maharaj, S. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By assuming a particular mass function we find new exact solutions to the Einstein field equations with an anisotropic matter distribution. The solutions are shown to be relevant for the description of compact stars. A distinguishing feature of this class of solutions is that they admit a linear equation of state which can be applied to strange stars with quark matter.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc
Rao distances and Conformal Mapping
Creators: name: Rao, Arni S. R. Srinivasa
name: Krantz, Steven G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53B12, 30C20

description: In this article, we have described the Rao distance (due to C.R. Rao) and ideas of conformal mappings on 3D objects with angle preservations. Three propositions help us to construct distances between the points within the 3D objects in \mathbb{R}^{3} and line integrals within complex planes. We highlight the application of these concepts to virtual tourism.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures
Adaptive phase-retrieval stochastic reconstruction with correlation functions: 3D images from 2D cuts
Creators: name: Cherkasov, Aleksei
name: Ananev, Andrey
name: Karsanina, Marina
name: Khlyupin, Aleksey
name: Gerke, Kirill
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Precise characterization of three-dimensional heterogeneous media is indispensable in finding the relationships between structure and macroscopic physical properties (permeability, conductivity, and others). The most widely used experimental methods (electronic and optical microscopy) provide high-resolution bi-dimensional images of the samples of interest. However, 3D material inner microstructure registration is needed to apply numerous modeling tools. Numerous research areas search for cheap and robust methods to obtain "full" 3D information about the structure of the studied sample from its 2D cuts. In this work, we develop a dynamic phase-retrieval stochastic reconstruction algorithm that can create 3D replicas from 2D original images - DDTF. The DDTF is free of artifacts characteristic of previously proposed phase-retrieval techniques. While based on a two-point $S_2$ correlation function, any correlation function or other morphological metrics can be accounted for during the reconstruction, thus, paving the way to the hybridization of different reconstruction techniques. In this work, we use two-point probability and surface-surface functions for optimization. To test DDTF, we performed reconstructions for three binary porous media samples of different genesis: sandstone, carbonate, and ceramic. Based on computed permeability and connectivity ($C_2$ and $L_2$ correlation functions), we have shown that the proposed technique in terms of accuracy is comparable to the classic simulated annealing-based reconstruction method but is computationally very effective. Our findings open the possibility of utilizing DDTF to produce fast or crude replicas further polished by other reconstruction techniques such as simulated annealing or process-based methods.
Conformal Symmetry and Pion Form Factor: Space- and Time-like Region
Creators: name: Choi, Ho-Meoyng
name: Ji, Chueng-Ryong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend a recent analysis of the pion electromagnetic form factor constrained by the conformal symmetry to explore the time-like region. We show explicitly that the time-like form factor obtained by the analytic continuation of the space-like form factor correctly satisfies the dispersion relation. Our results indicate that the quark spin and dynamical mass effects are crucial to yield the realistic features of the vector meson dominance phenomena.
description: 8pages, 6figures, changed sentences regarding on the soft-wall AdS/QCD predictions, added references
Homogeneous Nucleation of Sheared Liquids: Advances and Insights from Simulations and Theory
Creators: name: Goswami, Amrita
name: Singh, Jayant K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the most ubiquitous and technologically important phenomena in nature is the nucleation of homogeneous flowing systems. The microscopic effects of shear on a nucleating system are still imperfectly understood, although in recent years a consistent picture has emerged. The opposing effects of shear can be split into two major contributions for simple liquids: increase of the energetic cost of nucleation, and enhancement of the kinetics. In this perspective, we describe the latest computational and theoretical techniques which have been developed over the past two decades. We collate and unify the overarching influences of shear, temperature, and supersaturation on the process of homogeneous nucleation. Experimental techniques and capabilities are discussed, against the backdrop of results from simulations and theory. Although we primarily focus on simple liquids, we also touch upon the sheared nucleation of more complex systems, including glasses and polymer melts. We speculate on the promising directions and possible advances that could come to fruition in the future.
description: 10 figures
Hamiltonian analysis of the double null 2+2 decomposition of General Relativity expressed in terms of self-dual bivectors
Creators: name: d'Inverno, R. A.
name: Lambert, P.
name: Vickers, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we obtain a 2+2 double null Hamiltonian description of General Relativity using only the (complex) SO(3) connection and the components of the complex densitised self-dual bivectors. We carry out the general canonical analysis of this system and obtain the first class constraint algebra entirely in terms of the self-dual variables. The first class algebra forms a Lie algebra and all the first class constraints have a simple geometrical interpretation.
description: 12 pages, LaTeX, uses iopart.cls, submitted to Class. Quantum Grav
Η σημασία της ενσωμάτωσης εντυπωσιακών πειραμάτων επιδείξεων στην εκπαιδευτική διαδικασία για την προσέλκυση και ενασχόληση νεαρών μαθητών με τον επιστημονικό κλάδο της Χημείας
Creators: name: Γιώτης, Χριστόφορος Δημητρίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2016
Subjects: Πείραμα Χημείας
Πειραματική Διδασκαλία
Εντυπωσιακά πειράματα Χημείας
Chemistry experiment
Experimental Education
Impressive Chemistry experiments

description: Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία πραγματοποιήθηκε στο πλαίσιο του μεταπτυχιακού προγράμματος σπουδών με τίτλο “Χημική Εκπαίδευση και Τεχνολογίες Πληροφορικής και Επικοινωνίας”. Η αφορμή με την οποία εκπονήθηκε η συγκεκριμένη διπλωματική εργασία, είναι κυρίως ο φόβος που παρουσιάζουν οι νέοι μαθητές, στο να στραφούν προς τον κλάδο της Χημείας, αλλά και τα μεγάλα επίπεδα “αποχής” τους, από κατευθύνσεις που εμπλέκονται με τη Χημεία. Η συγκεκριμένη εργασία βασίζεται στην εκτέλεση εντυπωσιακών πειραμάτων Χημείας και σκοπός της είναι η ανάδειξη της σημασίας του πειράματος στην εκπαιδευτική διαδικασία. Η εκτέλεση εντυπωσιακών αλλά συγχρόνως και εποικοδομητικών, ως προς τη θεωρία, πειραμάτων, είναι ικανή να στρέψει το ενδιαφέρον των μαθητών προς τη Χημεία, αλλά και να βοηθήσει ουσιαστικά, ως προς την κατανόηση δυσνόητων όρων και εννοιών. Έτσι λοιπόν, το όφελος της χρήσης των πειραμάτων στην εκπαίδευση, είναι διπλό και αποτελεί το κυρίως θέμα της διπλωματικής εργασίας.
description: This thesis was part of the graduate program of study entitled "Chemical Education and Information and Communication Technologies". The occasion which conducted the particular thesis is mainly the fear posed by new students, to turn to the science of chemistry, and large levels of "abstinence" from the classes involved with chemistry. This paper is based on the performance of impressive experiments in Chemistry and aims to highlight the importance of the experiment in the educational process. The impressive performance, but at the same time constructive, in terms of theory, experiments, is able to turn the students' interest in chemistry, but also help substantially in understanding of difficult terms and concepts. Thus, the benefit of the experiments used for learning, is double and is the main subject of this thesis.
Improving Artificial Teachers by Considering How People Learn and Forget
Creators: name: Nioche, Aurélien
name: Murena, Pierre-Alexandre
name: de la Torre-Ortiz, Carlos
name: Oulasvirta, Antti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The paper presents a novel model-based method for intelligent tutoring, with particular emphasis on the problem of selecting teaching interventions in interaction with humans. Whereas previous work has focused on either personalization of teaching or optimization of teaching intervention sequences, the proposed individualized model-based planning approach represents convergence of these two lines of research. Model-based planning picks the best interventions via interactive learning of a user memory model's parameters. The approach is novel in its use of a cognitive model that can account for several key individual- and material-specific characteristics related to recall/forgetting, along with a planning technique that considers users' practice schedules. Taking a rule-based approach as a baseline, the authors evaluated the method's benefits in a controlled study of artificial teaching in second-language vocabulary learning (N=53).
description: 15 pages, 5 figures, to be published in IUI'21
Additional file 3 of Understanding the roles of community health workers in improving perinatal health equity in rural Uttar Pradesh, India: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Blanchard, Andrea K.
name: Ansari, Shahnaz
name: Rajput, Rajni
name: Colbourn, Tim
name: Houweling, Tanja A. J.
name: Shajy Isac
name: Anthony, John
name: Prost, Audrey
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Supplementary Table 2. Final coding structure for qualitative analysis.
D4.3.1 – PCM selection and characterization
Creators: name: Naplocha, Krzysztof
name: Kaczmar, Jacek
name: Dmitruk, Anna
name: Grzęda, Jakub
name: Raźny, Natalia
name: Gal, Beata
name: Trzaska, Oliwia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: ASTEP
SHIP
PCM

description: This document focuses on the selection of PCM materials for thermal energy storage units in the ASTEP project. It gathers the information related to phase change materials, their material and temperature classifications. PCMs for solar energy use and storage (solar power generation, solar water heating systems, other solutions) were described. Systems of KNO3-NaNO3 and KNO3-NaNO3-NaNO2 were elaborated in details: their thermophysical properties, applications focused on solar thermal energy etc. Furthermore, the experimental results on 24 KNO3-NaNO3-NaNO2 salt mixtures of various molar ratios were presented in order to identify an alternative PCM composition for the case with lower temperature demand. Three compositions were suggested basing on their phase transition temperatures, but further tests of e.g. heat of fusion are advised to enable the precise selection.
Finitely Many Dirac-Delta Interactions on Riemannian Manifolds
Creators: name: Altunkaynak, Baris
name: Erman, Fatih
name: Turgut, O. Teoman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work is intended as an attempt to study the non-perturbative renormalization of bound state problem of finitely many Dirac-delta interactions on Riemannian manifolds, S^2, H^2 and H^3. We formulate the problem in terms of a finite dimensional matrix, called the characteristic matrix. The bound state energies can be found from the characteristic equation. The characteristic matrix can be found after a regularization and renormalization by using a sharp cut-off in the eigenvalue spectrum of the Laplacian, as it is done in the flat space, or using the heat kernel method. These two approaches are equivalent in the case of compact manifolds. The heat kernel method has a general advantage to find lower bounds on the spectrum even for compact manifolds as shown in the case of S^2. The heat kernels for H^2 and H^3 are known explicitly, thus we can calculate the characteristic matrix. Using the result, we give lower bound estimates of the discrete spectrum.
description: To be published in JMP
Parametrization of Bose-Einstein Correlations and Reconstruction of the Source Function in Hadronic Z-boson Decays using the L3 Detector
Creators: name: Novak, T.
name: Csorgo, T.
name: Kittel, W.
name: Metzger, W. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bose-Einstein correlations of pairs of identical charged pions produced in hadronic Z decays are analyzed in terms of various parametrizations. A good description is achieved using a Levy stable distribution in conjunction with a hadronization model having highly correlated configuration and momentum space, the tau-model. Using these results, the source function is reconstructed.
description: II Workshop on Particle Correlation and Femtoscopy, Sao Paulo, 9-11 Nov., 2006, to appear in proceedings
Exclusive processes $e^+e^-\to VP$ in $k_T$ factorization
Creators: name: Lu, Cai-Dian
name: Wang, Wei
name: Wang, Yu-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exclusive processes $e^+e^-\to VP$, in the region of which the final state meson momentum is much larger than the hadronic scale $Λ_{QCD}$, are studied in the framework of PQCD approach based on the $k_T$ factorization. Including the transverse momentum distribution in the light cone wave functions, our results are consistent with the experimental measurements. According to our results, many processes have large enough cross sections to be detected at $\sqrt s=10.58$ GeV. The $s$ dependence of the cross section has been directly studied and our result indicates that the $1/s^3$ scaling is more favored than $1/s^4$. We also find that the gluonic contribution for the processes involving $η^{(')}$ is tiny.
description: 17 pages, including 5 figures, Revtex4
Fading Margins for Large-Scale Antenna Systems
Creators: name: Abraham, Jens
name: Ekman, Torbjörn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Mobile phone operators have begun the roll-out of 5G networks, deploying massive MIMO base stations. Commercial product ranges start with 16 independent radio chains connected to a large-scale antenna system to exploit both channel hardening and favourable propagation in order to obtain increased spectral efficiency. In this work, the cumulative distribution function describing the gain for large-scale antenna systems considering spatial and spectral diversity is evaluated empirically in terms of a fading margin and compared to an analytical maximum diversity reference system. This allows for a simple investigation of the trade-off between deployment size and exploitation of channel hardening. For the considered site-specific measurement data, little additional diversity is harvested with systems larger than 32 antenna elements.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables, accepted by IEEE ICC 2021
Compact stellar models in modified gravity
Creators: name: Salako, Ines G.
name: Ranjit, Chayan
name: Khlopov, M.
name: Ray, Saibal
name: Mukhopadhyay, Utpal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present investigation compact stellar models are dealt with in the framework of the modified gravity theory, specifically of $f(\mathbb{T},\mathcal{T})$ type. We have considered that the compact objects are following a spherically symmetric static metric and obtained the Einstein field equations in the spacetime of $f(\mathbb{T},\mathcal{T})$. To make the Einstein equations solvable we employ the methodology of conformal Killing vectors. Thereafter by using the MIT bag equation of state to the compact stars, considering that the stars are formed by strange quark, we find the solutions set. The solutions are examined via several physical tastings which exhibit viability of the model.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures
Additional file 4 of Understanding the roles of community health workers in improving perinatal health equity in rural Uttar Pradesh, India: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Blanchard, Andrea K.
name: Ansari, Shahnaz
name: Rajput, Rajni
name: Colbourn, Tim
name: Houweling, Tanja A. J.
name: Shajy Isac
name: Anthony, John
name: Prost, Audrey
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4: Supplementary Table 3. Socio-demographic characteristics of the FGD participants (women who had recently given birth).
The Necessary and Sufficient Conditions of Separability for Multipartite Pure States
Creators: name: Li, D.
name: Huang, H.
name: Li, X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present the necessary and sufficient conditions of separability for multipartite pure states. These conditions are very simple, and they don't require Schmidt decomposition or tracing out operations. We also give a necessary condition for a local unitary equivalence class for a bipartite system in terms of the determinant of the matrix of amplitudes and explore a variance as a measure of entanglement for multipartite pure states.
description: Submitted to PRL in Sep. 2004, the paper No is LV9637. Submitted to SIAM on computing, in Jan., 2005, the paper No. is SICOMP 44687. Under reviewing now
Hexa in Orbit Conscious Time for Astronauts
Creators: name: Souza Silva, Jaconaazar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Conscious Time
Phenomenology of Time
Astronaut Psychology
Subjective Time Measurement
Hexa (ɧ)
Chronon
Hexachronon
XChronos
Symbolic Value
Ontological Idealism
Space Missions
Post-Material Economics
Presence Economy
Temporal Cognition
Experiential Currency

description: This paper introduces a symbolic and phenomenological approach to time perception in outer space through the use of Hexa (ɧ), a consciousness-based metric of value. Rooted in the XChronos model, Hexa proposes a paradigm shift in how astronauts and future interplanetary civilizations may relate to time—not as a linear sequence of minutes, but as meaningful, lived presence. The article explores subjective time distortions in space, the psychological need for inner temporal language, and practical applications of Hexa as a symbolic currency of attention, experience, and existential rhythm. It is a visionary contribution to the intersection of space psychology, phenomenology, and ontological idealism, expanding upon the foundational article: Hexa (ɧ): The Currency of Conscious Time in the XChronos Model (Zenodo, 2025).