cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Use of pesticides in Bangladesh and associated risk assessment
Creators: name: Alam, M. Jahir Bin
name: Chowdhury, R. K.
name: Alam, M. Jahir Bin
name: Chowdhury, R. K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: Pesticide
subject: Risk assessment
subject: vulnerability
subject: Pollution prevention program

description: Indiscriminate and over use of pesticide imposes severe long-term risk to human beings. The exposure level (0.018 mg/kg/day) of pesticides in Bangladesh is much higher than that of expected (0.005 mg/kg/day). Runoff, spillage and leaching of pesticides from agricultural fields contribute pesticide residues in surface and ground water. Ground water and surface water vulnerability in the case of DDT and Atrazine were carried out. Application of 1 to 1.12 kg/ha for Atrazine in low land rice field areas imposes moderate risk on ground water. Adulteration of pesticides in ponds, drainage from irrigation project causes toxicity to fish species and vegetables. Considerable amount of organochlorine insecticides were found in water samples of depressions near rice fields, which indicate lack of control mechanisms. Presence of significant amount of pesticide residue in food, dry fish etc. are matter of concern. The residue of pesticide in human body due to consumption of. rice and wheat was estimated to be 0.62x10-5 mg/day/person. Shetu Pesticide Formulation Ltd., Savar has been observed as a case study and the concept of Pollution Prevention Program (PPP) (EPA, 1982) has been reviewed for the management of industrial waste.
Study of Tau-pair Production in Photon-Photon Collisions at LEP and Limits on the Anomalous Electromagnetic Moments of the Tau Lepton
Creators: name: The DELPHI Collaboration
name: Abdallah, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tau-pair production in the process e+e- -> e+e-tau+tau- was studied using data collected by the DELPHI experiment at LEP2 during the years 1997 - 2000. The corresponding integrated luminosity is 650 pb^{-1}. The values of the cross-section obtained are found to be in agreement with QED predictions. Limits on the anomalous magnetic and electric dipole moments of the tau lepton are deduced.
description: 20 pages, 9 figures, Accepted by Eur. Phys. J. C
Dynamical Algebras in the 1+1 Dirac Oscillator and the Jaynes-Cummings Model
Creators: name: Song, Wen-Ya
name: Zhang, Fu-Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the algebraic structure of the one-dimensional Dirac oscillator by extending the concept of spin symmetry to a noncommutative case. An SO(4) algebra is found connecting the eigenstates of the Dirac oscillator, in which the two elements of Cartan subalgebra are conserved quantities. Similar results are obtained in the Jaynes--Cummings model.
ЭФФЕКТИВНОЕ ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЕ В ПРОФИЛАКТИКЕ ПОДРОСТКОВОЙ ПРЕСТУПНОСТИ ЭКСТРЕМИСТСКОЙ НАПРАВЛЕННОСТИ
Creators: name: Цримов А.А.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2021
Subjects: органы внутренних дел
несовершеннолетние подростки
алкоголизм и наркомания в подростковой среде
профилактическая деятельность
противодействие преступности.

description: В профилактической работе особая роль отводится специальным субъектам, ответственным за поддержание общественного порядка на определенной территории участковым уполномоченным полиции. Учитывая специфику субъектного состава рассматриваемых отношений, в профилактической деятельности должны принимать участие органы внутренних дел – подразделения по делам несовершеннолетних. Только слаженное взаимодействие указанных органов позволит достичь желаемой цели – недопущение алкоголизма и наркомании в подростковой среде. Автор анализирует особенности профилактической работы всех участников данного процесса, а также выделяет основные направления повышения эффективности государственной политики по противодействию росту преступности среди несовершеннолетних подростков.
Application of covered stent implantation combined with radical tumor resection in advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma involving the carotid artery: a comparative study with historical literature
Creators: name: Zhang, Haidong
name: Sun, Kai
name: Gong, Shanchun
name: Zhou, Lijuan
name: Liang, Siping
name: Wang, Chao
name: Liu, Kai
name: Lyn, Xianjun
name: Yu, Zhenkun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Studies have shown that carotid artery reconstruction results in the best overall survival (OS) in Advanced Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma involving the Carotid Artery (AHNSCC-CA). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of covered stent implantation combined with radical tumor resection and to compare and analyze the historical literature on conventional carotid artery resection and reconstruction. A total of 68 patients with AHNSCC-CA were included in this study. This study compared the survival, local recurrence, surgical complications, and neurologic complications between the two groups. The OS rate at 12 months in the experimental group was 58.5% (median survival time: 15 months, 95% CI: 7.61–22.40). The OS rate at 12 months in the control group was 34.3% (median survival time: 8 months, 95% CI: 3.94–12.06, p = .371). In addition, the differences in the rates of local recurrence, surgical complications and neurological complications between the two groups were statistically insignificant (p = .677, p = .197 and p = .617). Compared with conventional carotid artery resection and reconstruction, covered stent implantation combined with radical tumor resection yields similar survival outcomes, but with significantly lower surgical risk and difficulty, and faster postoperative recovery.
Hydromagnetic and gravitomagnetic crust-core coupling in a precessing neutron star
Creators: name: Levin, Yuri
name: D'Angelo, Caroline
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider two types of mechanical coupling between the crust and the core of a precessing neutron star. First, we find that a hydromagnetic (MHD) coupling between the crust and the core strongly modifies the star's precessional modes when $t_a\le\sim (T_s\times T_p)^{1/2}$; here $t_a$ is the Alfven crossing timescale, and $T_s$ and $T_p$ are the star's spin and precession periods, respectively. We argue that in a precessing pulsar PSR B1828-11 the restoring MHD stress prevents a free wobble of the crust relative to the non-precessing core. Instead, the crust and the proton-electron plasma in the core must precess in unison, and their combined ellipticity determines the period of precession. Link has recently shown that the neutron superfluid vortices in the core of PSR B1828-11 cannot be pinned to the plasma; he has also argued that this lack of pinning is expected if the proton Fermi liquid in the core is type-I superconductor. In this case, the neutron superfluid is dynamically decoupled from the precessing motion. The pulsar's precession decays due to the mutual friction between the neutron superfluid and the plasma in the core. The decay is expected to occur over tens to hundreds of precession periods and may be measurable over a human lifetime. Such a measurement would provide information about the strong n-p interaction in the neutron-star core. Second, we consider the effect of gravitomagnetic coupling between the neutron superfluid in the core and the rest of the star and show that this coupling changes the rate of precession by about 10%. The general formalism developed in this paper may be useful for other applications.
description: 6 pages
ЯЗЫК И ИСТОРИКО-КУЛЬТУРНОЕ НАСЛЕДИЕ СИБИРСКИХ ТАТАР В ПОЛИЭТНИЧЕСКОЙ СРЕДЕ: СОСТОЯНИЕ, ПРОБЛЕМЫ, ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ РАЗВИТИЯ
Creators: name: Шагбанова Х.С.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2021
Subjects: сибирские татары
язык
культурно-историческое наследие
этнос
этническая общность
идентичность
национальное самосознание.

description: Статья посвящена исследованию проблемных в рамках сохранения сибирско-татарской идентичности вопросов языка и историко-культурного наследия народа, на сегодняшний день постепенно утрачиваемых в силу углубления процесса интеграции национальных культур. Обращаясь к некоторым аспектам исторического прошлого сибирских татар, автор анализирует проблему сохранения и развития языка и культуры народа, выявляет факторы, способствующие положительной динамике данных аспектов культурно-исторического прошлого этноса в перспективе.
Geometrical quench and dynamical quantum phase transition in the $α-T_3$ lattice
Creators: name: Gulácsi, Balázs
name: Heyl, Markus
name: Dóra, Balázs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate quantum quenches and the Loschmidt echo in the two dimensional, three band $α-T_3$ model, a close descendant of the dice lattice. By adding a chemical potential to the central site, the integral of the Berry curvature of the bands in different valleys is continously tunable by the ratio of the hopping integrals between the sublattices. By investigating one and two filled bands, we find that dynamical quantum phase transition (DQPT), i.e. nonanalytical temporal behaviour in the rate function of the return amplitude, occurs for a certain range of parameters, independent of the band filling. By focusing on the effective low energy description of the model, we find that DQPTs happen not only in the time derivative of the rate function, which is a common feature in two dimensional models, but in the rate function itself. This feature is not related to the change of topological properties of the system during the quench, but rather follows from population inversion for all momenta. This is accompanied by the appearance of dynamical vortices in the time-momentum space of the Pancharatnam geometric phase. The positions of the vortices form an infinite vortex ladder, i.e. a macroscopic phase structure, which allows us to identify the dynamical phases that are separated by the DQPT.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
The Internet as a communications innovation: Effects on communication among K-12 teachers
Creators: name: Foley, Maureen
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 39
subject: Education
classificationCode: 3903
subject: Education systems
classificationCode: 3904
subject: Specialist studies in education

description: The Internet, integrated as a communications innovation, has tremendous potential to improve connections among K-12 teachers by increasing their potential to share content, pedagogy, classroom management, materials and more. This study examines how the Internet affects communication among K-12 teachers. Teachers received equipment and home access to the Internet, along with training and support to eliminate previously identified barriers of time, access, leadership and money. Using the Concerns-Based Adoption Model (CBAM) as a conceptual framework, the researcher introduced teachers to the Internet through face-to-face training sessions, written instructions and electronically-delivered optional activities and assistance. Employing e-mail, Listserv, gopher and news group Internet resource tools, teachers' concerns with the impact of the innovation and facility of use developed at different rates and different levels over the course of the study. While expanded access to outside resources did not lead to many new personal contacts in the field, teachers experienced decreased feelings of isolation and a view of the Internet's potential benefits. The cohort approach and group training sessions facilitated opportunities to share problems and positive outcomes within the group. Teachers needed the equipment resources offered through the study and system features affected use. Internet integration is a revolution in opportunity, but requires an evolutionary approach for success. Teachers need dynamic leadership and support from principals and administrators who understand that the Internet changes the essence of their work personally, professionally and pedagogically.
Relevance of pseudospin symmetry in proton-nucleus scattering
Creators: name: Leeb, H.
name: Sofianos, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The manifestation of pseudospin-symmetry in proton-nucleus scattering is discussed. Constraints on the pseudospin-symmetry violating scattering amplitude are given which require as input cross section and polarization data, but no measurements of the spin rotation function. Application of these constraints to p-58Ni and p-208Pb scattering data in the laboratory energy range of 200 MeV to 800 MeV, reveals a significant violation of the symmetry at lower energies and a weak one at higher energies. Using a schematic model within the Dirac phenomenology, the role of the Coulomb potential in proton-nucleus scattering with regard to pseudospin symmetry is studied. Our results indicate that the existence of pseudospin-symmetry in proton-nucleus scattering is questionable in the whole energy region considered and that the violation of this symmetry stems from the long range nature of the Coulomb interaction.
description: 22 pages including 9 figures, correction of 1 reference, revision of abstract and major modification of chapter 4, Fig. 6, and Fig. 7; addition of Fig. 8 and Fig. 9
Chemical changes during storage of papaya as influenced by different postharvest treatments
Creators: name: Mia, M. B.
name: Mondal, M. F.
name: Haque, T.
name: Mia, M. B.
name: Mondal, M. F.
name: Haque, T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Papaya
subject: Storage
subject: Chemical changes
subject: Vitamin C

description: The present study was conducted at the laboratories of the Department of Horticulture and the Department of Biochemistry of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period of February to July 2003. The effect of different postharvest treatments such as wax coating, CaCl2, Benlate, Dithane M-45, perforated polythene bag and un-perforated polythene bag were studied to evaluate the pattern of chemical changes during storage of two papaya varieties namely, Shahi and Ranchi during storage and ripening. Among the chemical parameters like titratable acidity, vitamin C and ash content declined rapidly in untreated fruits but slowly in treated fruits, while total soluble solids, pulp pH, sugar content (reducing, non-reducing and total) increased steadily in treated fruits but sharply in untreated fruit during storage and ripening.
Diagonal reflection symmetries and universal four-zero texture
Creators: name: Yang, Masaki J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we consider a set of new symmetries in the SM, {\it diagonal reflection} symmetries $R \, m_{u,ν}^{*} \, R = m_{u,ν}, ~ m_{d,e}^{*} = m_{d,e}$ with $R =$ diag $(-1,1,1)$. These generalized $CP$ symmetries predict the Majorana phases to be $α_{2,3} /2 \sim 0$ or $π/2$. A realization of reflection symmetries suggests a broken chiral $U(1)_{\rm PQ}$ symmetry and a flavored axion. The axion scale is suggested to be $\langle θ_{u,d} \rangle \sim Λ_{\rm GUT} \, \sqrt{m_{u,d} \, m_{c,s}} / v \sim 10^{12} \, $[GeV]. By combining the symmetries with the four-zero texture, the mass eigenvalues and mixing matrices of quarks and leptons are reproduced well. This scheme predicts the normal hierarchy, the Dirac phase $δ_{CP} \simeq 203^{\circ},$ and $|m_{1}| \simeq 2.5$ or $6.2 \, $[meV]. In this scheme, the type-I seesaw mechanism and a given neutrino Yukawa matrix $Y_ν$ completely determine the structure of right-handed neutrino mass $M_{R}$. An $u-ν$ unification predicts mass eigenvalues to be $ (M_{R1} \, , M_{R2} \, , M_{R3}) = (O (10^{5}) \, , O (10^{9}) \, , O (10^{14})) \, $[GeV].
description: 19 pages, 1 table, the final version published in Chinese Physics C
Comment on extracting alpha from B -> rho rho
Creators: name: Falk, Adam F.
name: Ligeti, Zoltan
name: Nir, Yosef
name: Quinn, Helen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experimental results on $B\toρρ$ decays indicate that the CP asymmetry $S_{ρ^+ρ^-}$ will give an interesting determination of $α=\arg[-(V_{td}V_{tb}^*)/(V_{ud}V_{ub}^*)]$. In the limit when the $ρ$ width is neglected, the $B\toππ$ isospin analysis can also be applied to $B\toρρ$, once an angular analysis is used to separate transversity modes. The present bound on the shift of $S_{ρ^+ρ^-}$ from the true $\sin2α$ is already stronger than it is for $S_{π^+π^-}$. We point out a subtle violation of the isospin relations when the two $ρ$ mesons are observed with different invariant masses, and how to constrain this effect experimentally.
description: 12 pages, minor changes
The geometric up and down design for allocating dosage levels
Creators: name: Gezmu, Misrak
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This paper deals with an experimental design for sequentially allocating dose levels to patients in a toxicity experiment by rules depending on prior treatments. The goal of this design is to provide requisite information for appropriate estimation and inference while minimizing patient exposure to highly toxic dose levels. Let $Y\ (n),\ n > 0,$ be a series of Bernoulli trials with probability of response $Q(x) = P(Y(n) = 1\ \vert\ X(n) = x),$ where $X(n)$ is the treatment dosage given to the nth subject. Let $X(n)$ take values from a finite set $\Omega\sb{x} = \{x\sb1,{\...},x\sb{K}\}$ according to the following rule. If $X(n) = x\sb{k}$ and $Y(n) = 1,$ treat the next subject at $x\sb{k-1}$. However, if $Y(n) = 0,$ treat at the same level $x\sb{k}$ until e consecutive successes are observed. If e consecutive successes are observed, treat the next subject at $x\sb{k+1}.$ We derive the asymptotic treatment distribution generated by this rule and show how to select e to center the treatment distribution around an arbitrary unknown quantile of the response function $Q(x).$ We describe maximum likelihood estimation for $\mu$. We also derive the finite means and variances of the treatment allocation proportions.
Itineracy Effects on Spin Correlations in 1D Mott Insulators
Creators: name: Bhaseen, M. J.
name: Essler, F. H. L.
name: Grage, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider spin correlations in the one dimensional half filled repulsive Hubbard model. For very large values of the on-site repulsion U the spin correlations are dominated by virtual hopping processes of electrons and are described in terms of a spin-1/2 Heisenberg chain. As U is decreased real hopping processes of electrons become important and eventually dominate the spin response. We discuss the evolution of the dynamical structure factor as a function of U. We comment on the relevance of our results for inelastic neutron scattering experiments on quasi-1D materials.
description: 4 pages, RevTeX, 4 figures
Generation of Squeezed States of Nanomechanical Resonators by Reservoir Engineering
Creators: name: Rabl, P.
name: Shnirman, A.
name: Zoller, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An experimental demonstration of a non-classical state of a nanomechanical resonator is still an outstanding task. In this paper we show how the resonator can be cooled and driven into a squeezed state by a bichromatic microwave coupling to a charge qubit. The stationary oscillator state exhibits a reduced noise in one of the quadrature components by a factor of 0.5 - 0.2. These values are obtained for a 100 MHz resonator with a Q-value of 10$^4$ to 10$^5$ and for support temperatures of T $\approx$ 25 mK. We show that the coupling to the charge qubit can also be used to detect the squeezed state via measurements of the excited state population. Furthermore, by extending this measurement procedure a complete quantum state tomography of the resonator state can be performed. This provides a universal tool to detect a large variety of different states and to prove the quantum nature of a nanomechanical oscillator.
description: 13 pages,9 figures
Particle Production in Heavy Ion Collisions
Creators: name: Braun-Munzinger, P.
name: Redlich, K.
name: Stachel, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The status of thermal model descriptions of particle production in heavy ion collisions is presented. We discuss the formulation of statistical models with different implementation of the conservation laws and indicate their applicability in heavy ion and elementary particle collisions. We analyze experimental data on hadronic abundances obtained in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions, in a very broad energy range starting from RHIC/BNL ($\sqrt s=200$ A GeV), SPS/CERN ($\sqrt s\simeq 20$ A GeV) up to AGS/BNL ($\sqrt s\simeq 5$ A GeV) and SIS/GSI ($\sqrt s\simeq 2$ A GeV) to test equilibration of the fireball created in the collision. We argue that the statistical approach provides a very satisfactory description of experimental data covering this wide energy range. Any deviations of the model predictions from the data are indicated. We discuss the unified description of particle chemical freeze--out and the excitation functions of different particle species. At SPS and RHIC energy the relation of freeze--out parameters with the QCD phase boundary is analyzed. Furthermore, the application of the extended statistical model to quantitative understanding of open and hidden charm hadron yields is considered.
description: Invited review for Quark Gluon Plasma 3, eds. R. C. Hwa and Xin-Nian Wang, World Scientific Publishing
Why Light is a Wave....pdf
Creators: name: Μαρμαλίδης, Ιγκόρ
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Interstellar and Intergalactic Matter
subject: General Relativity
subject: 20203 Particle Physics

description: This paper presents several ideas regarding the propagation of light and motion of elementary particles, more generally, including a possible explanation for the wave-particle duality.
Harnessing Quantum Extreme Learning Machines for image classification
Creators: name: De Lorenzis, A.
name: Casado, M. P.
name: Estarellas, M. P.
name: Gullo, N. Lo
name: Lux, T.
name: Plastina, F.
name: Riera, A.
name: Settino, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interest in quantum machine learning is increasingly growing due to its potential to offer more efficient solutions for problems that are difficult to tackle with classical methods. In this context, the research work presented here focuses on the use of quantum machine learning techniques for image classification tasks. We exploit a quantum extreme learning machine by taking advantage of its rich feature map provided by the quantum reservoir substrate. We systematically analyse different phases of the quantum extreme learning machine process, from the dataset preparation to the image final classification. In particular, we have tested different encodings, together with Principal Component Analysis, the use of Auto-Encoders, as well as the dynamics of the model through the use of different Hamiltonians for the quantum reservoir. Our results show that the introduction of a quantum reservoir systematically improves the accuracy of the classifier. Additionally, while different encodings can lead to significantly different performances, Hamiltonians with varying degrees of connectivity exhibit the same discrimination rate, provided they are interacting.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures
Effect of drought stress and 'nutrient solution electrical conductivity (EC) on dry matter partitioning of rice plants
Creators: name: Halder, K. P.
name: Burrage, S. W.
name: Islam, M. S.
name: Halder, K. P.
name: Burrage, S. W.
name: Islam, M. S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Drought stress
subject: Solution EC
subject: Dry matter partitioning
subject: Rice

description: The effect of intermittent water stress and nutrient solution EC on dry matter partitioning in leaf, stem, root and panicle of rice were studied. The rice plants were grown in NFT. Results revealed that in the unstressed situation 51.2% of the dry matter was translocated to panicles in the EC 3.0 plants and 40.8% in the EC 2.0 plants. Under drought stress situation especially during the reproductive phase only 24.6-34.1% of the dry matter was transferred to the panicle, most of the dry matter (37.1-45.8%) was concentrated in the stem. The EC 2.0 plants had a greater proportion of dry matter in the roots than the EC 3.0 plants.
Sigma-3: Integration and Analysis of a 6 DOF Robotic Arm Configuration in a Rescue Robot
Creators: name: Bindu, R. A.
name: Neloy, A. A.
name: Alam, S.
name: Moni, N. J
name: Siddique, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper introduces a rescue robot named Sigma 3 which is developed for potential applications such as helping hands for humans where a human can not reach to have an assessment of the hazardous environment. Also, these kinds of robot can be controlled remotely with an adequate control system. The proposed methodology forces on two issues : 1. Novel mechanism design for measuring rotation, joints, links of Degree of Freedom DOF for an arm which is integrated with Sigma 3, 2. Precise measuring of end effector motion control over three dimensions. In the proposed mechanism design, the DOF measurement is presented by a planar and spatial mechanism where 4 types of rigid joints build up each DOF with controlling by six High Torque MG996R servo motors. Rotation and DOF measurement are consisting of different theoretical references of Rotation Matrix, Inverse Kinematics with experimental results. Presented methodology over Oscillation Damping performance exhibits less than 3 percent error while configuring for on hands testing. Another evaluation of operating time state strongly defends the mechanism of low power consumption ability.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, To be appear in the proceedings of 2019 4th International Conference on Robotics and Automation Engineering. Singapore November 22-24, 2019
The geometric up and down design for allocating dosage levels
Creators: name: Gezmu, Misrak
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 49
subject: Mathematical sciences
classificationCode: 4905
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper deals with an experimental design for sequentially allocating dose levels to patients in a toxicity experiment by rules depending on prior treatments. The goal of this design is to provide requisite information for appropriate estimation and inference while minimizing patient exposure to highly toxic dose levels. Let $Y\ (n),\ n > 0,$ be a series of Bernoulli trials with probability of response $Q(x) = P(Y(n) = 1\ \vert\ X(n) = x),$ where $X(n)$ is the treatment dosage given to the nth subject. Let $X(n)$ take values from a finite set $\Omega\sb{x} = \{x\sb1,{\...},x\sb{K}\}$ according to the following rule. If $X(n) = x\sb{k}$ and $Y(n) = 1,$ treat the next subject at $x\sb{k-1}$. However, if $Y(n) = 0,$ treat at the same level $x\sb{k}$ until e consecutive successes are observed. If e consecutive successes are observed, treat the next subject at $x\sb{k+1}.$ We derive the asymptotic treatment distribution generated by this rule and show how to select e to center the treatment distribution around an arbitrary unknown quantile of the response function $Q(x).$ We describe maximum likelihood estimation for $\mu$. We also derive the finite means and variances of the treatment allocation proportions.
Storing a staple crop for own consumption: Linkages to food security
Creators: name: Khor, L.Y.
name: Zeller, M.
name: Khor, L.Y.
name: Zeller, M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty

description: We examine in our study the effect on food security from storing more of a harvested staple crop for own consumption. The analysis is based on survey data from more than 1,800 households in rural Guatemala that harvested beans in 2015, with crop production data from two planting seasons. By including a full factorial of three variables of wealth and the harvest usage decision from two different seasons, we examine the effect of storing more beans across different wealth levels and harvest storage amounts. We find an interesting contrast between the impact on the household's sense of food security and its actual food security. Even though storing more beans does not reduce the likelihood of a household running out of food, it does help to reduce the worry among poorer households that such an incident might occur. We also analyze the effect of storage decisions on different categories of food security using generalized ordered logit, and then compare whether the effect on food security is different between adults and children using multinomial logit. We find that increasing storage could lead to adults having less variation in their food consumption patterns, but the effect is less pronounced among children. Acknowledgement : This work was supported by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ).
Reproductive hazards litigation: Gender and labor politics in the third branch
Creators: name: Gonen, Julianna Susan
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4405
subject: Gender studies
classificationCode: 4408
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Litigation by interest groups, both directly and as amici curiae, has become a common form of political pressure. Group litigation raises questions of how interests are represented in a judicial forum, rather than a legislative or administrative body. Civil rights policy (including gender issues) is an area that has seen a substantial amount of politically-oriented litigation. Following passage of federal laws against discrimination in employment based on sex and/or pregnancy status, women have turned to the courts for enforcement. Since the 1960s, unions have played an increasing role as women's ally in this struggle. The Supreme Court case UAW v. Johnson Controls serves as an illustration both of how interest groups use litigation for policy purposes, and of how the women's rights and labor movements have joined forces to advance the rights of workers. While the format of judicial policymaking differs significantly from the legislative process, and the techniques and language required of groups differ accordingly, the process of marshalling allies and presenting persuasive arguments mirrors group conflict in other political forums.
Alpha-N: Shortest Path Finder Automated Delivery Robot with Obstacle Detection and Avoiding System
Creators: name: Neloy, A. A.
name: Bindu, R. A.
name: Alam, S.
name: Haque, R.
name: Saif, M.
name: Khan, A.
name: Mishu, N. M.
name: Siddique, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Alpha N A self-powered, wheel driven Automated Delivery Robot is presented in this paper. The ADR is capable of navigating autonomously by detecting and avoiding objects or obstacles in its path. It uses a vector map of the path and calculates the shortest path by Grid Count Method of Dijkstra Algorithm. Landmark determination with Radio Frequency Identification tags are placed in the path for identification and verification of source and destination, and also for the recalibration of the current position. On the other hand, an Object Detection Module is built by Faster RCNN with VGGNet16 architecture for supporting path planning by detecting and recognizing obstacles. The Path Planning System is combined with the output of the GCM, the RFID Reading System and also by the binary results of ODM. This PPS requires a minimum speed of 200 RPM and 75 seconds duration for the robot to successfully relocate its position by reading an RFID tag. In the result analysis phase, the ODM exhibits an accuracy of 83.75 percent, RRS shows 92.3 percent accuracy and the PPS maintains an accuracy of 85.3 percent. Stacking all these 3 modules, the ADR is built, tested and validated which shows significant improvement in terms of performance and usability comparing with other service robots.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, To be appear in the proceedings of 12th Asian Conference on Intelligent Information and Database Systems 23-26 March 2020 Phuket, Thailand
Reproductive hazards litigation: Gender and labor politics in the third branch
Creators: name: Gonen, Julianna Susan
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Litigation by interest groups, both directly and as amici curiae, has become a common form of political pressure. Group litigation raises questions of how interests are represented in a judicial forum, rather than a legislative or administrative body. Civil rights policy (including gender issues) is an area that has seen a substantial amount of politically-oriented litigation. Following passage of federal laws against discrimination in employment based on sex and/or pregnancy status, women have turned to the courts for enforcement. Since the 1960s, unions have played an increasing role as women's ally in this struggle. The Supreme Court case UAW v. Johnson Controls serves as an illustration both of how interest groups use litigation for policy purposes, and of how the women's rights and labor movements have joined forces to advance the rights of workers. While the format of judicial policymaking differs significantly from the legislative process, and the techniques and language required of groups differ accordingly, the process of marshalling allies and presenting persuasive arguments mirrors group conflict in other political forums.
Production of W-+ with an anomalous magnetic moment via the collision of an ultrahigh-energy (anti)neutrino on a target nucleon
Creators: name: Garcia-Hidalgo, R. M.
name: Rosado, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the production of W-+ bosons in deep inelastic processes (anti-nu)nu + nucleon --> l+- + W-+ + X, in the context of an electroweak model in which the vector boson self interactions may be different from those prescribed by the electroweak standard model. We present results which show the strong dependence of the cross section on the anomalous magnetic dipole moment kappa of the W+-. We show that even small deviations from the standard model value of kappa (kappa=1) could imply large deviations in the cross section rates of W-+ production through the collision of an ultrahigh energy (anti)neutrino on a target nucleon. However, the enhancement of the cross section rates is not large enough to be detectable.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure
Witnessing Entanglement in Experiments with Correlated Noise
Creators: name: Dirkse, Bas
name: Pompili, Matteo
name: Hanson, Ronald
name: Walter, Michael
name: Wehner, Stephanie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The purpose of an entanglement witness experiment is to certify the creation of an entangled state from a finite number of trials. The statistical confidence of such an experiment is typically expressed as the number of observed standard deviations of witness violations. This method implicitly assumes that the noise is well-behaved so that the central limit theorem applies. In this work, we propose two methods to analyze witness experiments where the states can be subject to arbitrarily correlated noise. Our first method is a rejection experiment, in which we certify the creation of entanglement by rejecting the hypothesis that the experiment can only produce separable states. We quantify the statistical confidence by a p-value, which can be interpreted as the likelihood that the observed data is consistent with the hypothesis that only separable states can be produced. Hence a small p-value implies large confidence in the witnessed entanglement. The method applies to general witness experiments and can also be used to witness genuine multipartite entanglement. Our second method is an estimation experiment, in which we estimate and construct confidence intervals for the average witness value. This confidence interval is statistically rigorous in the presence of correlated noise. The method applies to general estimation problems, including fidelity estimation. To account for systematic measurement and random setting generation errors, our model takes into account device imperfections and we show how this affects both methods of statistical analysis. Finally, we illustrate the use of our methods with detailed examples based on a simulation of NV centers.
description: Accepted for publication in Quantum Science and Technology (2020). v2 (minor changes): title changed, additional clarification in several places, added simulation details. 21 pages + 12 pages appendices, 7 figures, 6 tables
Exploring the Gamma Ray Horizon with the next generation of Gamma Ray Telescopes. Part 2: Extracting cosmological parameters from the observation of gamma-ray sources
Creators: name: Blanch, O.
name: Martinez, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The potential of the new generation Cherenkov Telescopes to measure the energy spectrum of both, the already established extragalactic very high energy gamma-ray emitters and the best very high energy candidates from the EGRET catalogue is discussed. By a realistic simulation of the analysis of the expected extrapolated energy spectra, it is shown that the foreseen capability and precision of these instrument to measure the Gamma Ray Horizon may open the door to competitive measurements of the cosmological parameters.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Image quality measurements and denoising using Fourier Ring Correlations
Creators: name: R, Andrzej J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: image denoising

description: Image quality is a nebulous concept with different meanings to different people. To quantify image quality a relative difference is typically calculated between a corrupted image and a ground truth image. But what metric should we use for measuring this difference? Ideally, the metric should perform well for both natural and scientific images. The structural similarity index (SSIM) is a good measure for how humans perceive image similarities, but is not sensitive to differences that are scientifically meaningful in microscopy. In electron and super-resolution microscopy, the Fourier Ring Correlation (FRC) is often used, but is little known outside of these fields. Here we show that the FRC can equally well be applied to natural images, e.g.\ the Google Open Images dataset. We then define a loss function based on the FRC, show that it is analytically differentiable, and use it to train a U-net for denoising of images. This FRC-based loss function allows the network to train faster and achieve similar or better results than when using L1- or L2-based losses.
 We also investigate the properties and limitations of neural network denoising with the FRC analysis.
Elastic Screening of Pseudogauge Fields in Graphene
Creators: name: De Beule, Christophe
name: Smeyers, Robin
name: Luna, Wilson Nieto
name: Mele, E. J.
name: Covaci, Lucian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lattice deformations in graphene couple to the low-energy electronic degrees of freedom as effective scalar and gauge fields. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we show that the optical component of the displacement field, i.e., the relative motion of different sublattices, contributes at equal order as the acoustic component and effectively screens the pseudogauge fields. In particular, we consider twisted bilayer graphene and corrugated monolayer graphene. In both cases, optical lattice displacements significantly reduce the overall magnitude of the pseudomagnetic fields. For corrugated graphene, optical contributions also reshape the pseudomagnetic field and significantly modify the electronic bands near charge neutrality. Previous studies based on continuum elasticity, which ignores this effect, have therefore systematically overestimated the strength of the strain-induced pseudomagnetic field. Our results have important consequences for the interpretation of experiments and design of straintronic applications.
description: 7 + 15 pages, 4 + 12 figures (v3 has correct Fig. S8)
Carbon emissions and income: The effects of growth and distribution
Creators: name: Heil, Mark Takeo
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The growing consensus is that human activity influences global climate. This dissertation investigates issues of growth and distribution of global carbon dioxide emissions. A primary obstacle to a global climate change treaty is disagreement over how to share the burdens of emission reductions. First, this dissertation analyzes the distribution of historic global emissions distributions across countries. The primary analytical tool is the group decomposition by income of the Gini index. Results are: (i) overall inequality in the international distribution of emissions is high, but has declined modestly, 1960-90, (ii) groups of countries defined by per capita income consistently account for half of overall inequality, providing support for policy distinctions by income, and (iii) a future emissions allocation policy that shifts gradually from emphasizing "grandfathered" emission entitlements toward entitlements reflecting population would lower inequality while minimizing economic disruption. Second, this thesis examines the sources of emissions that contribute to overall inequality of emissions. This part of the analysis uses the Gini index to measure emissions inequality by source. Results show emissions from natural gas are distributed most unequally, and those from coal least unequally. Hence, policies that reduce emissions by fuel source present a dilemma. Reducing the highest-emitting fuel (coal) intensifies inequality, but reducing inequality calls for slashing use of the cleanest fuel (natural gas). One solution strategically combines reductions of two or more sources simultaneously to avoid increasing global inequality. Without a plan for sharing international burdens of emissions reductions, the world would follow a business-as-usual course. Chapters 4-5 use an econometric model to forecast the levels of carbon emissions by 2100 if the world were to follow this course. Not surprisingly, global emissions will continue rising. As incomes rise, marginal propensity to emit diminishes, however, faster economic growth generates higher, not lower, emissions. Even without a burden-sharing agreement, global emissions inequality will continue declining slowly as developing countries' shares of global emissions expand. Finally, the projections from this method are robust to substantial changes in the sample and the data.
Transient Convective Spin-up Dynamics
Creators: name: Ravichandran, S.
name: Wettlaufer, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the formation, longevity and breakdown of convective rings during impulsive spin-up in square and cylindrical containers using direct numerical simulations. The rings, which are axisymmetric alternating regions of up- and down-welling flow that can last for O (100) rotation times, were first demonstrated experimentally and arise due to a balance between Coriolis and viscous effects. We study the formation of these rings in the context of the Greenspan-Howard spin-up process, the disruption of which modifies ring formation and evolution. We show that, unless imprinted by boundary geometry, convective rings can only form when the surface providing buoyancy forcing is a free-slip surface, thereby explaining an apparent disagreement between experimental results in the literature. For Prandtl numbers from 1--5 we find that the longest-lived rings occur for intermediate Prandtl numbers, with a Rossby number dependence. Finally, we find that the constant evaporative heat-flux conditions imposed in the experiments are essential in sustaining the rings and in maintaining the vortices that form in consequence of the ring breakdown.
description: 12 pages, 23 figures