cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Large-scale 3D mapping of the intergalactic medium using the Lyman Alpha Forest
Creators: name: Ozbek, Melih
name: Croft, Rupert A. C.
name: Khandai, Nishikanta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Maps of the large-scale structure of the Universe at redshifts 2-4 can be made with the Lyman-alpha forest which are complementary to low redshift galaxy surveys. We apply the Wiener interpolation method of Caucci et al. to construct three-dimensional maps from sets of Lyman-alpha forest spectra taken from cosmological hydrodynamic simulations. We mimic some current and future quasar redshift surveys (BOSS, eBOSS and MS-DESI) by choosing similar sightline densities. We use these appropriate subsets of the Lyman-alpha absorption sightlines to reconstruct the full three dimensional Lyman-alpha flux field and perform comparisons between the true and the reconstructed fields. We study global statistical properties of the intergalactic medium (IGM) maps with auto-correlation and cross-correlation analysis, slice plots, local peaks and point by point scatter. We find that both the density field and the statistical proper- ties of the IGM are recovered well enough that the resulting IGM maps can be meaningfully considered to represent large-scale maps of the Universe in agreement with Caucci et al., on larger scales and for sparser sightlines than had been tested previously. Quantitatively, for sightline parameters comparable to current and near future surveys the correlation coefficient between true and reconstructed fields is r > 0.9 on scales > 30 h^-1 Mpc. The properties of the maps are relatively insensitive to the precise form of the covariance matrix used. The final BOSS quasar Lyman-alpha forest sample will allow maps to be made with a resolution of ~ 30 h^-1 Mpc over a volume of ~ 15 h^-3 Gpc^3 between redshifts 1.9 and 2.3.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures, 4 tables
Ion-acoustic Shocks with Self-Regulated Ion Reflection and Acceleration
Creators: name: Malkov, M. A.
name: Sagdeev, R. Z.
name: Dudnikova, G. I.
name: Liseykina, T. V.
name: Diamond, P. H.
name: Papadopoulos, K.
name: Liu, C-S.
name: Su, J-J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An analytic solution describing an ion-acoustic collisionless shock, self-consistently with the evolution of shock-reflected ions, is obtained. The solution extends the classic soliton solution beyond a critical Mach number, where the soliton ceases to exist because of the upstream ion reflection. The reflection transforms the soliton into a shock with a trailing wave and a foot populated by the reflected ions. The solution relates parameters of the entire shock structure, such as the maximum and minimum of the potential in the trailing wave, the height of the foot, as well as the shock Mach number, to the number of reflected ions. This relation is resolvable for any given distribution of the upstream ions. In this paper, we have resolved it for a simple "box" distribution. Two separate models of electron interaction with the shock are considered. The first model corresponds to the standard Boltzmannian electron distribution in which case the critical shock Mach number only insignificantly increases from M=1.6 (no ion reflection) to M=1.8 (substantial reflection). The second model corresponds to adiabatically trapped electrons. They produce a stronger increase, from M=3.1 to M=4.5. The shock foot that is supported by the reflected ions also accelerates them somewhat further. A self-similar foot expansion into the upstream medium is also described analytically.
description: 22 pages, 5 figures, submitted to PoP
Andreev reflection and bound state formation in a ballistic two-dimensional electron gas probed by a quantum point contact
Creators: name: Irie, Hiroshi
name: Todt, Clemens
name: Kumada, Norio
name: Harada, Yuichi
name: Sugiyama, Hiroki
name: Akazaki, Tatsushi
name: Muraki, Koji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study coherent transport and bound-state formation of Bogoliubov quasiparticles in a high-mobility In$_{0.75}%$Ga$_{0.25}$As two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) coupled to a superconducting Nb electrode by means of a quantum point contact (QPC) as a tunable single-mode probe. Below the superconducting critical temperature of Nb, the QPC shows a single-channel conductance greater than the conductance quantum $2e^{2}/h$ at zero bias, which indicates the presence of Andreev-reflected quasiparticles, time-reversed states of the injected electron, returning back through the QPC. The marked sensitivity of the conductance enhancement to voltage bias and perpendicular magnetic field suggests a mechanism analogous to reflectionless tunneling--a hallmark of phase-coherent transport, with the boundary of the 2DEG cavity playing the role of scatters. When the QPC transmission is reduced to the tunneling regime, the differential conductance vs bias voltage probes the single-particle density of states in the proximity area. Measured conductance spectra show a double peak within the superconducting gap of Nb, demonstrating the formation of Andreev bound states in the 2DEG. Both of these results, obtained in the open and closed geometries, underpin the coherent nature of quasiparticles, i.e., phase-coherent Andreev reflection at the InGaAs/Nb interface and coherent propagation in the ballistic 2DEG.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
«Dann erschloß er ihnen den Sinn, daß sie die Schrift verständen» (Lk 24,45)
Creators: name: Duesberg, Hilaire
Publisher: name: Concilium
Year: 1970

description: Concilium, Bd. 3 Nr. 12 (1967): Concilium: Internationale Zeitschrift für Theologie, Band 3, Heft 12
Forbidden Iron Lines and Dust Destruction in Supernova Remnant Shocks: The Case of N49 in the Large Magellanic Cloud
Creators: name: Dopita, Michael A.
name: Seitenzahl, Ivo R.
name: Sutherland, Ralph S.
name: Vogt, Frédéric P. A.
name: Winkler, P. Frank
name: Blair, William P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of a complete integral field survey of the bright SNR N49 in the LMC, obtained with the WiFeS instrument mounted on the ANU 2.3m telescope at Siding Spring Observatory. From theoretical shock modelling with the new MAPPINGS 5.1 code we have, for the first time, subjected the optical Fe emission line spectrum of a supernova remnant to a detailed abundance and dynamical analysis covering 8 separate stages of ionisation. This allows us to derive the dust depletion factors as a function of ionisation stage. We have shown that there is substantial (30% - 90%) destruction of Fe-bearing dust grains in these fast shocks ($v_s \sim 250$ km/s), and we have confirmed that the dominant dust destruction is through the non-thermal sputtering and grain-grain collision mechanisms developed in a number of theoretical works.
description: Accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal, 14 pages, 10 figures
Influence of Pulse Duration and Surface Topography on Laser Ablation of Silicon Nitride Layers on Thin Emitters
Creators: name: Heinrich, G.
name: Bähr, M.
name: Stolberg, K.
name: Wütherich, T.
name: Leonhardt, M.
name: Friedel, S.
name: Lawerenz, A.
name: Gobsch, G.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2141-2145
description: In this paper, influences of pulse duration and surface topography on laser ablation of silicon nitride layers
on thin emitters were investigated. For the first time, the pulse duration dependent threshold fluence and the pulse
duration dependent laser-induced damage were studied by using an IR laser system with tunable pulse duration. For all
pulse durations, bare silicon was observed in the ablated regions. A linear increase of the threshold fluence with pulse
duration was determined. The reason for this is an increase of the probability of multi-photon-absorption (MPA) in
silicon at shorter pulse durations. Furthermore, a pulse duration dependent laser-induced damage is observed. Differences
in damage characteristics between planar and textured surfaces were also observed. On textured samples losses in the
open circuit voltage Voc of at least 40 % were determined. In contrast, on planar samples much lower losses in Voc were
determined.
The Spectrum Dependence on Output of the Tandem Photovoltaic Devices, the Fundamental Examination of the Most Suitable Evaluation Method in Production Line
Creators: name: Shimotomai, M.
name: Shinohara, Y.
name: Uogishi, K.
name: Igari, S.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Manufacturing Issues and Processing

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 3676-3678
description: Recently, the manufacture of the tandem photovoltaic module that efficiency was improved is
expanding rapidly in thin film Si photovoltaic module, tandem photovoltaic module that efficiency was improved
is starting the manufacture. The typical structure of tandem module is top layer of a-Si and bottom layer of μc-Si.
Each layer that some wavelength bands of spectral response are different is connected to series electrically.
Therefore, dependence on incident light spectrum of the output is high. We showed the spectrum dependence of
the output characteristics by the difference in constrain based on each layer balance of the tandem devices. And,
we are proposed the most suitable measurement to evaluate the output of the tandem devices in a production line.
Werte der alten Heilsökonomie, die durch die neue Heilsordnung überholt sind
Creators: name: Munoz Iglesias, Salvador
Publisher: name: Concilium
Year: 1970

description: Concilium, Bd. 3 Nr. 12 (1967): Concilium: Internationale Zeitschrift für Theologie, Band 3, Heft 12
Experimental measurement of non-Markovian dynamics and self-diffusion in a strongly coupled plasma
Creators: name: Strickler, T. S.
name: Langin, T. K.
name: McQuillen, P.
name: Daligault, J.
name: Killian, T. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the collisional relaxation of ion velocities in a strongly coupled, ultracold neutral plasma on short timescales compared to the inverse collision rate. Non-exponential decay towards equilibrium for the average velocity of a tagged population of ions heralds non-Markovian dynamics and a breakdown of assumptions underlying standard kinetic theory. We prove the equivalence of the average-velocity curve to the velocity autocorrelation function, a fundamental statistical quantity that provides access to equilibrium transport coefficients and aspects of individual particle trajectories in a regime where experimental measurements have been lacking. From our data, we calculate the ion self-diffusion constant. This demonstrates the utility of ultracold neutral plasmas for isolating the effects of strong coupling on collisional processes, which is of interest for dense laboratory and astrophysical plasmas.
description: 5 figures, 8 pages
Efficient On-the-Fly Interpolation Technique for Bethe-Salpeter Calculations of Optical Spectra
Creators: name: Gillet, Yannick
name: Giantomassi, Matteo
name: Gonze, Xavier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Bethe-Salpeter formalism represents the most accurate method available nowadays for computing neutral excitation energies and optical spectra of crystalline systems from first principles. Bethe-Salpeter calculations yield very good agreement with experiment but are notoriously difficult to converge with respect to the sampling of the electronic wavevectors. Well-converged spectra therefore require significant computational and memory resources, even by today's standards. These bottlenecks hinder the investigation of systems of great technological interest. They are also barriers to the study of derived quantities like piezoreflectance, thermoreflectance or resonant Raman intensities. We present a new methodology that decreases the workload needed to reach a given accuracy. It is based on a double-grid on-the-fly interpolation within the Brillouin zone, combined with the Lanczos algorithm. It achieves significant speed-up and reduction of memory requirements. The technique is benchmarked in terms of accuracy on silicon, gallium arsenide and lithium fluoride. The scaling of the performance of the method as a function of the Brillouin Zone point density is much better than a conventional implementation. We also compare our method with other similar techniques proposed in the literature.
description: 25 pages, 7 figures, Submitted to Computer Physics Communications
title: Ψυχολογικοί παράγοντες που επηρεάζουν την ικανοποίηση και την αντιληπτή απόδοση των εργαζομένων. Η περίπτωση των μονάδων κλειστής φροντίδας
title: Psychological factors affecting employees’ satisfaction and perceived performance. The case of closed care units
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Κούστα, Νεκταρία-Ολυμπία
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2022
Subjects: Εργασιακή ικανοποίηση
Ψυχολογικοί παράγοντες
Ψυχολογική ικανοποίηση
Μονάδες κλειστής φροντίδας
Υγειονομική περίθαλψη
Job satisfaction
Psychological factors
Psychological satisfaction
Closed care units
Health care

description: Το άγχος είναι ένα συνηθισμένο και φυσιολογικό μέρος της καθημερινότητάς μας. Είναι μια φυσιολογική φυσική αντίδραση σε μια εσωτερική ή εξωτερική πίεση που ασκείται στο σύστημα ενός ατόμου. Οι παρατεταμένες περίοδοι στρες μπορεί να προκαλέσουν καταστροφικές αλλαγές στο σώμα. Οι νοσηλευτές και οι γιατροί που εργάζονται στη μονάδα εντατικής θεραπείας (ΜΕΘ) μπορεί να εκτεθούν σε σημαντικό εργασιακό άγχος. Οι μονάδες εντατικής θεραπείας θεωρούνται περιοχές που προκαλούν άγχος. Η γνώση των αιτιών που συμβαίνει αυτό θα μας επιτρέψει να λάβουμε συγκεκριμένα μέτρα για την πρόληψη ή την ελαχιστοποίηση του. Αυτή η μελέτη πραγματοποιήθηκε με στόχο τον εντοπισμό παραγόντων που προκαλούν άγχος, όπως αυτοί γίνονται αντιληπτοί από τους ασθενείς εντατικής θεραπείας. Η συγκεκριμένη εργασία αποτελείται από δύο μέρη το θεωρητικό και το ερευνητικό τα οποία έχουν ως στόχο την μελέτη των ψυχολογικών παραγόντων που επηρεάζουν την εργασιακή ικανοποίηση των εργαζόμενων σε μονάδες κλειστής φροντίδας.
Effects of the Oxide Buffer Layer on the Crystallization of Amorphous Silicon Films in the AIC Process
Creators: name: Oh, K.H.
name: Jeong, H.
name: Chi, E.-O.
name: Kim, J.C.
name: Boo, S.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Thin Film Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells and Wafer Equivalents

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 3552-3555
description: Polycrystalline silicon (pc-Si) films are fabricated and characterized for application to pc-Si thin film
solar cells as a seed layer. The films are prepared by crystallization of amorphous silicon films for various thicknesses
of Al2O3 layers using the aluminum-induced crystallization (AIC) process with a structure of glass/Al/Al2O3/a-Si. For
effects of the oxide layer on the crystallization of the amorphous silicon films, the defects and the grain size are
investigated with the increased Al2O3 layer thickness from 4 to 50 nm. As results, the defects of the poly crystalline
film are increased with the increase of Al2O3 layer thickness, whereas the grain size and crystallinity are
exponentially decayed. In our experiments, we obtained the average pc-Si sub-grain size about 10 μm at relatively
thin Al2O3 layer thickness (≤ 16 nm). The preferential orientation was <111> and it is more dominant with the thinner
Al2O3 layer.
A system of serial computation for classified rules prediction in non-regular ontology trees
Creators: name: Ehimwenma, Kennedy E.
name: Crowther, Paul
name: Beer, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Objects or structures that are regular take uniform dimensions. Based on the concepts of regular models, our previous research work has developed a system of a regular ontology that models learning structures in a multiagent system for uniform pre-assessments in a learning environment. This regular ontology has led to the modelling of a classified rules learning algorithm that predicts the actual number of rules needed for inductive learning processes and decision making in a multiagent system. But not all processes or models are regular. Thus this paper presents a system of polynomial equation that can estimate and predict the required number of rules of a non-regular ontology model given some defined parameters.
description: 13 pages, 15 figures, International Journal article, PhD research work
Enhanced Absorption of SPC Poly-Si Thin Films on Aluminium Induced Textured (AIT) Glass with Submicron Texture Feature Size
Creators: name: Cui, H.
name: Jin, G.
name: Wolf, M.
name: Campbell, P.
name: Green, M.A.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Thin Film Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells and Wafer Equivalents

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 3691-3693
description: Aluminium Induced Texturing of glass, capable of producing Lambertian randomiser comparable light
trapping, has been further developed. Three types of AIT glass with different feature sizes ranging from submicron to
micron have been fabricated. To the authors knowledge, the influence of feature size in this range on light trapping in
polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) thin film solar cells field is first time reported. Submicron AIT glass has shown the
randomiser comparable light trapping, even better in ranges 360nm~450nm and 800nm~1200nm.
Haze measurements indicate that for similar structure, high haze of glass results in higher absorption of 2.2um poly-Si
film on such glass; However, otherwise for different structures.
New Approaches to Mass Production of Heterojunction Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Nakamura, N.
name: Ouchi, M.
name: Ibi, K.
name: Watabe, Y.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2194-2197
description: Solar cell production is required to reduce $/Wp by achieving further enhancement of efficiency, cost
reduction of raw materials and improvement of productivity. We launched our approaches to new technologies which
seem applicable to mass production in order to develop new and highly competitive PV products. Fixed abrasive
slicing, full square 6-inch wafers and conductive films are some of them. The excellent conversion efficiency of
20.8% was achieved in cells with new metallization patterns. These technologies which make it possible to reduce
$/W were introduced and examined in our pilot line as mass production technologies. The pilot line was confirmed to
produce high efficiency solar cells of more than 19% on average with good repeatability. The line is still being
optimized, in which further improvements are expected.
Microscopic Characterization of Thin-Film Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells by Electroluminescence and Infrared LBIC
Creators: name: Boostandoost, M.
name: Kerst, U.
name: Boit, C.
name: Gall, S.
name: Friedrich, F.
name: Rech, B.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Thin Film Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells and Wafer Equivalents

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 3556-3560
description: Poly-Si thin-film solar cells have been characterized by techniques well established in microelectronics
failure analysis, namely infrared light beam induced current (IR-LBIC) and electroluminescence imaging in forward
(EL) and reverse bias (ELR) condition. Also, a spectral analysis of the EL and ELR signal was performed to gain
more insight on the individual processes. The results have been used to investigate the influence of material
properties like minority carrier diffusion length and local defects in the absorber layer as well as details of the solar
cells production process such as metallization and etching processes, on the performance of the thin-film solar cells.
The IR-LBIC has been shown to be sensitive on light trapping structures in the silicon based thin-film solar cells. EL
measurements were used in combination with device simulation to investigate the contact material properties.
Furthermore, ELR measurements were used to identify a high concentration of pre-breakdown sites due to defects in
the poly-Si absorber layer.
Generation of intestinal surface: An absorbing tale
Creators: name: Walton, KD
name: Freddo, AM
name: Wang, S
name: Gumucio, DL
Publisher: name: The Company of Biologists
Year: 2016
Subjects: Absorptive surface
Intestinal lengthening
Mesenchymal clusters
Microvillus inclusion disease
Short bowel syndrome
Villus morphogenesis
Animals
Humans
Intestinal Absorption
Intestines
Microvilli
Models, Biological
Morphogenesis
Signal Transduction

description: The vertebrate small intestine requires an enormous surface area to effectively absorb nutrients from food. Morphological adaptations required to establish this extensive surface include generation of an extremely long tube and convolution of the absorptive surface of the tube into villi and microvilli. In this Review, we discuss recent findings regarding the morphogenetic and molecular processes required for intestinal tube elongation and surface convolution, examine shared and uniqueaspects of theseprocesses in different species, relate these processes to known human maladies that compromise absorptive function and highlight important questions for future research.
«Als Gerechte werden wir dastehen, wenn wir dieses ganze Gesetz getreulich erfüllen» (Dt 6,25)
Creators: name: Pax, Elpidius
Publisher: name: Concilium
Year: 1970

description: Concilium, Bd. 3 Nr. 12 (1967): Concilium: Internationale Zeitschrift für Theologie, Band 3, Heft 12
Invariant PDEs with Two-dimensional Exotic Centrally Extended Conformal Galilei Symmetry
Creators: name: Aizawa, N.
name: Kuznetsova, Z.
name: Toppan, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Conformal Galilei Algebras labeled by $d,\ell$ (where $d$ is the number of space dimensions and $\ell$ denotes a spin-${\ell}$ representation w.r.t. the $\mathfrak{sl}(2)$ subalgebra) admit two types of central extensions, the ordinary one (for any $d$ and half-integer $\ell$) and the exotic central extension which only exists for $d=2$ and ${\ell}\in\mathbb{N}$. For both types of central extensions invariant second-order PDEs with continuous spectrum were constructed in [1]. It was later proved in [2] that the ordinary central extensions also lead to oscillator-like PDEs with discrete spectrum. We close in this paper the existing gap, constructing \textcolor{black}{a new class of second-order invariant PDEs for the exotic centrally extended CGAs; they admit a discrete and bounded spectrum when applied to a lowest weight representation. These PDEs are markedly different with respect to their ordinary counterparts. The ${\ell}=1$ case (which is the prototype of this class of extensions, just like the $\ell=\frac{1}{2}$ Schrödinger algebra is the prototype of the ordinary centrally extended CGAs) is analyzed in detail.
description: 12 pages, no figure
Development of Rear Side Polishing Adapted to Advanced Solar Cell Concepts
Creators: name: Horzel, J.
name: Lorenz, A.
name: Cornagliotti, E.
name: Uruena, A.
name: John, J.
name: Izaaryene, M.
name: Habermann, D.
name: Jaffrennou, P.
name: Penaud, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2210-2216
description: Rear side passivated c-Si solar cells are gaining in the last years particular interest by research
organisation and industrial solar cell manufacturers. Those devices typically rely on chemically polished rear surfaces
before applying dielectric passivation layers. It is the purpose of this work to study the influence of the rear side
polishing step on the performance of CZ-Si solar cells that have been textured with in-line alkaline texturing
equipment for the formation of random pyramids on the front side of the wafer.
Varying the chemical polishing step for the rear surface preparation, the surface roughness and its optical properties
have been investigated with respect to the overall solar cell performance of screen printed solar cells with
homogeneous emitter and rear side passivated surfaces with local Al BSF contacts. A wide process window was
found for the rear side polishing process not requiring for perfectly polished rear surfaces when aiming for
efficiencies above 19%. The influence of the resulting solar cell thickness has been looked at independently from the
rear surface polishing process.
title: Ανάπτυξη συστήματος δισδιάστατου αισθητήρα αφής
title: Development of a two-dimensional tactile sensor
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Σουβατζής, Νικήτας
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2022
Subjects: Αισθητήρες
Αφή
Ηλεκτρονική
Arduino
LabVIEW
Αισθητήρες αφής

description: Το αντικείμενο της διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι η ανάπτυξη ενός δισδιάστατου αισθητήρα αφής με χρήση μικροελεγκτή και λογισμικού LabVIEW. Για τον σκοπό αυτό μελετήθηκαν αρκετές τεχνολογίες που είχαν ως κεντρικό θέμα τους δισδιάστατους αισθητήρες αφής, και από όλες τις τεχνολογίες που έχουν δοκιμαστεί πειραματικά, επιλέχθηκε η χρήση αισθητήρα θερμοκρασίας/αφής με πίνακα θερμίστορ. Για την αξιοποίηση των δεδομένων χρησιμοποιήθηκε ένα ηλεκτρονικό κύκλωμα ανάγνωσης που περιελάμβανε, αποκωδικοποιητή, πολυπλέκτη, τελεστικούς ενισχυτές, και διάφορες ωμικές αντιστάσεις. Μια σημαντική προσθήκη που δεν προϋπήρχε στην βιβλιογραφία που μελετήθηκε, είναι το κύκλωμα αντιστάθμισης που ο σκοπός ύπαρξης του είναι ο υπολογισμός της θερμοκρασίας περιβάλλοντος και η αντιστάθμιση της θερμοκρασίας στην επιφάνεια του αισθητήρα αφής. Για τον έλεγχο του ηλεκτρονικού κυκλώματος αλλά και για την συλλογή των δεδομένων από τον αισθητήρα, την επεξεργασία, και την αποθήκευση τους, χρησιμοποιήθηκε ο μικροελεγκτής AT mega328 της Atmel, δηλαδή ο μικροελεγκτής που βρίσκεται στην πολύ γνωστή αναπτυξιακή πλακέτα ARDUINO UNO μαζί με το λογισμικό ARDUINO IDE για τη δημιουργία, μεταγλώττιση, έλεγχο λαθών, και στη συνέχεια εκτέλεση του προγράμματος στον μικροελεγκτή. Επίσης, χρησιμοποιήθηκε το λογισμικό LabVIEW για τη δημιουργία μιας διεπαφής μεταξύ αισθητήρα και της οθόνης ενός ηλεκτρονικού υπολογιστή. Η πειραματική διαδικασία στην οποία χρησιμοποιήθηκε ένα θερμικό στοιχείο μικρού μεγέθους (μικροθερμαντήρας), περιελάμβανε την μέτρηση της διακριτικής ικανότητας του αισθητήρα, τον υπολογισμό της επίδρασης του μικροθερμαντήρα στην επιφάνεια του αισθητήρα, καθώς και τον υπολογισμό της θερμικής αδράνειας του αισθητήρα. Στα συμπεράσματα που προέκυψαν προκύπτει ότι ο συγκεκριμένος αισθητήρας λόγω της ευαισθησίας του και της ταχείας αντίδρασης του στα απτικά ερεθίσματα αποτελεί μια ιδανική επιλογή για τη κατασκευή αισθητήρα αφής συνδυάζοντας την οικονομία στα υλικά και την πολύ μικρή κατανάλωση λόγω της απλότητας του κυκλώματος ανάγνωσης.
Harvesting, coupling and control of single exciton coherences in photonic waveguide antennas
Creators: name: Mermillod, Q.
name: Jakubczyk, T.
name: Delmonte, V.
name: Delga, A.
name: Peinke, E.
name: Gérard, J-M.
name: Claudon, J.
name: Kasprzak, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform coherent non-linear spectroscopy of individual excitons strongly confined in single InAs quantum dots (QDs). The retrieval of their intrinsically weak four-wave mixing (FWM) response is enabled by a one-dimensional dielectric waveguide antenna. Compared to a similar QD embedded in bulk media, the FWM detection sensitivity is enhanced by up to four orders of magnitude, over a broad operation bandwidth. Three-beam FWM is employed to investigate coherence and population dynamics within individual QD transitions. We retrieve their homogenous dephasing in a presence of spectral wandering. Two-dimensional FWM reveals off-resonant Förster coupling between a pair of distinct QDs embedded in the antenna. We also detect a higher order QD non-linearity (six-wave mixing) and use it to coherently control the FWM transient. Waveguide antennas enable to conceive multi-color coherent manipulation schemes of individual emitters.
description: 7 pages, 8 Figures
Yield Optimization in Photovoltaic Manufacturing
Creators: name: Kincal, S.
name: Svidenko, V.
name: Smith, P.
name: Raman, R.
name: Abraham, M.
name: Eberspacher, C.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Manufacturing Issues and Processing

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 3679-3682
description: This work presents the results of implementing the SunFab™ Process and Yield Diagnostic (SPYD™)
system, a factory integrated process monitoring and yield optimization solution. The solution leverages, extensive
hardware equipment performance knowledge, factory automation software expertise, and an in-depth understanding
of process dependencies to enable an excursion free manufacturing environment while identifying avenues of
baseline performance improvement. The impact of the SPYD™ solution is quantified by comparing the before and
after performance trends of an actual production line, showing a complete elimination of high impact excursions as
well as a continued improvement in the excursion free baseline by 5x. Examples from the chemical vapor deposition
and laser scribe modules are discussed, and their impacts on yield improvement are quantified. Implementing
SPYD™ has a striking impact on improving the line yield of a photovoltaic manufacturing factory. It also sheds light
on several opportunities to improve parametric yield and is the platform upon which further new features, such as
integrated parametric metrology coupled with more advanced yield algorithms can be deployed to further improve
the total output of the factory.
Non-Contact-Handling Automation Using Ultrasound Air Film Technology
Creators: name: Adam, L.
name: Schilp, M.
name: Zimmermann, J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Manufacturing Issues and Processing

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 3688-3690
description: The Ultrasonic Air Bearing or Air Film Technology is a method to handle very flat products like semiconductor wafers, solar
wafers, thin film solar cells, flat panel displays and foils very clean, gentle, fast and secure without any surface contact. Using
nearfield levitation, the products to be handled are hovering above an ultrasonic transducer (sonotrode) with a gap of 50 -
300 microns. The ultrasound frequency is in a range of 20 kHz up to 40 kHz. There are 2 different effects available, the
standing wave and the nearfield levitation. A specially designed sonotrode vibrates in a defined frequency with a
homogenouos defined vibration pattern. The vibration creates a thin air film, which can be described as a repelling force. The
effect is similar a conventional air bearing with compressed air but is much better to control. To use the Ultrasound Air Film
Technology for top-side gripping tasks, repelling ultrasound forces are used in combination with attracting low-pressure
forces in a special sonotrode design. The technology can be applied for small and large size products for many applications
in different industrial markets. The Ultrasound Air Fim Technology is not applicable for vacuum processes and for wet
products.
Scattering Back Reflector Designs for High Efficiency Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Yang, Y.
name: Pillai, S.
name: Mehrvarz, H.
name: Kampwerth, H.
name: Ho-Baillie, A.
name: Green, M.A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2206-2209
description: In this paper, we found a way to apply scattering rear reflectors by means of Ag nanoparticles to the
rear of front-planar high efficiency PERT (Passivated Emitter and Rear Totally-Diffused) solar cell. The optical
absorption and spectrum response results have been compared for the planar and scattering rear reflectors.
Conventional planar Al reflector only increases the spectrum response at 1150 nm by 1.4-fold, while the new
fabricated scattering reflector by Ag nanoparticles enhance the spectrum response at the same wavelength by 4.0 fold.
Moreover, by adding a detached metal mirror, the enhancement from the scattering rear reflector reaches to 5.3-fold.
The photocurrent from 900 nm - 1200 nm was improved by 7.7% using planar Al reflector. 15.6% by Ag
nanoparticle scattering reflector and 22.3% when combined with a detached metal film. We characterize solar cell
light trapping features by calculating the normalized effective optical path length Z, obtaining a maximum Z value of
17.5 from the best performing scattering reflector at 1200 nm. The optical properties of rear scattering structures
under different rear passivating SiO2 thicknesses were also investigated. We found that thin rear surface passivation
layer brings higher absorption enhancement for near band-gap wavelength light, owing to the higher coupling
efficiency and increased scattering cross-section from Ag nanoparticles deposited on thin spacer layer. Optical
properties of scattering reflectors combined with Ag nanoparticles, oxide capping layer, and evaporated/detached
metal layer were also studied in the paper.
Epitaxial Growth of Doped Crystalline Silicon Films (n and p-type) on Crystalline Silicon Wafers at Low Substrate Temperatures by RF-PECVD
Creators: name: Labrune, M.
name: Damon-Lacoste, J.
name: Daineka, D.
name: Roca I Cabarrocas, P.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Thin Film Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells and Wafer Equivalents

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 3549-3551
description: In this paper, we demonstrate the excellent crystalline nature of Si films grown by rf-PECVD at
substrate temperatures below 225°C on (100)-oriented c-Si substrates. The films were grown in dihydrogen (H2) and
silane (SiH4) gas mixtures for unintentionally doped layers. Moreover, we achieved to produce doped Si layers while
maintaining the epitaxial growth. We have done so by adding a proper amount of phosphine (PH3), diborane (B2H6)
or trimethylboron (TMB) to the gas phase as well as appropriately adjusting the deposition temperature, pressure or
silane gas flow. The films obtained were optically characterized by spectroscopic ellipsometry and electrically by
Hall effect measurements.
Self-Limiting Electrochemical Emitter Etch Back
Creators: name: Klingbeil, S.
name: Fath, P.
name: Reuter, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2135-2137
description: In this work we present a process to remove thin layers of highly n-type doped crystalline silicon,
typically present in industrial solar cell emitters. By means of electrochemical etching we form a layer of porous
silicon with temporal linear etching characteristics for homogeneous and for changing phosphorous doping
concentrations. We control the etch process by impressing the current density. Apparently, for very high doping
levels ND > 1019 cm-3 the layer porosity and thus etching rate does not change with doping level concentration, which
is in contrast to the findings reported by Lehmann for lower doping densities [1]. By choosing the etching current
density we are able to define a threshold excess carrier density ne,th where etching significantly slows down. Thus a
self adjusting process establishes. After formation the porous silicon layer is easily removed in sodium hydroxide
solution. Non destructive layer depth measurements are carried out by ellipsometry. This process allows to build
selective emitters or to decrease the emitter saturation current J0e by removing defects from the surface of highly
doped homogeneous emitters.
A Metallization System for Metal Wrap Through Solar Cells
Creators: name: Watt, R.S.
name: Laudisio, G.
name: Wang, Y.
name: Hsueh, H.
name: Mo, J.
name: Street, A.C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2174-2176
description: Single step print via and tabbing silver metallizations optimised for metal wrap through (MWT)
crystalline silicon solar cells are presented in this paper. The metallizations exhibit features crucial to drive the success of
MWT cell technology. By optimization of the metallization paste, enhanced via filling capability has been realised. The
requirement for a non-fire through glass chemistry of the metallization at the solar cell emitter interface is demonstrated
alongside good Ag-Si adhesion necessary in the via and excellent solder adhesion performance required for effective
module interconnection.
Laser Ablation of SiO2/SiNx and AlOx/SiNx Back Side Passivation Stacks for Advanced Cell Architectures
Creators: name: Jaffrennou, P.
name: Uruena, A.
name: Das, J.
name: Penaud, J.
name: Moors, M.
name: Rothschild, A.
name: Lombardet, B.
name: Szlufcik, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2180-2183
description: In this paper, we investigate laser ablation of stacks used for back side passivation of PERC and PERL
solar cells. The objective of this work is to define laser conditions for a complete and damage-free ablation process of
two stacks: the standard SiO2/SiNx PERC passivation stack and AlOx/SiNx layers. For this, we have developed a
characterization procedure based on optical microscopy and photoluminescence allowing us to find optimal laser
parameters for a soft ablation process. Ablation of SiO2/SiNx and AlOx/SiNx stacks have been performed with UV
lasers with either ns or ps pulse lengths. Once the optimal laser ablation parameters have been found, PERC cells
have been processed with different laser conditions. The comparison of the PERC cell performances confirms that the
optimal laser conditions for the ablation process gives better cell performances. This work allowed us to determine
optimal laser parameters for ablation of backs side passivation stacks of PERC cells. This almost damage-free laser
process is promising for its implementation in PERL cell processing.
Thin-Film Monocrystalline-Silicon Solar Cells on Glass with an Efficiency of 11%
Creators: name: Gordon, I.
name: Qiu, Y.
name: Van Gestel, D.
name: Poortmans, J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Thin Film Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells and Wafer Equivalents

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 3651-3653
description: Solar modules made from thin-film crystalline-silicon layers of high quality on glass substrates could
lower the price of photovoltaic electricity substantially. One way to create a crystalline-silicon thin film on glass is
by using a seed layer approach in which a thin crystalline-silicon layer is first created on a non-silicon substrate,
followed by epitaxial thickening of this layer. In this paper, we present new solar cell results obtained on 10-micron
thick monocrystalline-silicon layers, made by epitaxial thickening of thin seed layers on transparent glass-ceramic
substrates. We used thin (001)-oriented silicon single-crystal seed layers on glass-ceramic substrates provided by
Corning that are made by a process based on anodic bonding and implant-induced separation. Epitaxial thickening of
these seed layers was realized in an atmospheric-pressure chemical vapor deposition system.
Simple solar cell structures in substrate configuration were made from the epitaxial mono-silicon layers. The Si
surface was plasma-textured to reduce the front-side reflection. No other light trapping features were incorporated.
Efficiencies of up to 11% were reached with Voc values above 600 mV indicating the good electronic quality of the
material. We believe that by further optimizing the material quality and by integrating an efficient light trapping
scheme, the efficiency potential of these single-crystal silicon thin films on glass-ceramics should be higher than
15%.
Characterization of High-Throughput Spatial ALD Al2O3 as Surface Passivation for Industrial Local Al BSF Si Solar Cells
Creators: name: Vermang, B.
name: Rothschild, A.
name: John, J.
name: Poortmans, J.
name: Mertens, R.
name: Vermont, P.
name: Vanormelingen, K.
name: Granneman, E.H.A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2189-2190
description: A high-throughput spatial atomic layer deposition (ALD) Al2O3 reactor is screened for rear surface
passivation of Si passivated emitter and rear cells (PERCs). The passivation quality of the spatially-separated ALD
Al2O3 films are evaluated using quasi-steady-state photo-conductance: effective surface recombination values well
below 45 cm/s are obtained on saw damage removed CZ Si of only 120 μm thick, indicating adequate surface
passivation. The most favorable spatial ALD Al2O3 passivation layers are implemented into industrial large-area ptype
Si PERC, however post-Al2O3-deposition processing step optimizations are still needed.
Photocurrent Enhancement of Silicon Solar Cells with Metal Nanoparticle Arrays Formed on Rear Surfaces
Creators: name: Nakayama, K.
name: Goto, M.
name: Hayashi, S.
name: Konagai, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2177-2179
description: We investigated the effects of light scattering by metal nanoparticles (NPs) formed on the rear surface
of Si solar cells on photocurrent enhancements of the cells. The two-dimensional finite-difference time domain
(FDTD) method was used to analyze the optical behavior of light scattered by the NP arrays. The arrays reflect the
incident light back to the active layer with a wide range of angles, thereby enhancing the optical absorption near
bandgap wavelengths of Si without extinction loss by the NPs. Based on the simulation of the model structure, quasiperiodic
Ag NP arrays were formed on the rear surface of a planar heterojunction Si solar cell. Spectral response
measurements revealed that the Ag NPs improved photocurrent at wavelengths longer than 1000 nm, resulting in a
2 % increase in the short circuit current density of the cell.
Modality-specific effects of mental fatigue in multitasking
Creators: name: Mueckstein, Marie
name: Heinzel, Stephan
name: Granacher, Urs
name: Brahms, Markus
name: Rapp, Michael A.
name: Stelzel, Christine
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dual task
subject: Modality compatibility
subject: Crosstalk
subject: Executive control
subject: Practice
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: The mechanisms underlying increased dual-task costs in the comparison of modality compatible stimulus-response mappings (e.g., visual-manual, auditory-vocal) and modality incompatible mappings (e.g., visual-vocal, auditory-manual) remain elusive. To investigate whether additional control mechanisms are at work in simultaneously processing two modality incompatible mappings, we applied a transfer logic between both types of dual-task mappings in the context of a mental fatigue induction. We expected an increase in dual-task costs for both modality mappings after a fatigue induction with modality compatible tasks. In contrast, we expected an additional, selective increase in modality incompatible dual-task costs after a fatigue induction with modality incompatible tasks. We tested a group of 45young individuals (19–30 years) in an online pre-post design, in which participants were assigned to one of three groups. The two fatigue groups completed a 90-min time-on-task intervention with a dual task comprising either compatible or incompatible modality mappings. The third group paused for 90 min as a passive control group. Pre and post-session contained single and dual tasks in both modality mappings for all participants. In addition to behavioral performance measurements, seven subjective items (effort, focus, subjective fatigue, motivation, frustration, mental and physical capacity) were analyzed. Mean dual-task performance during and after the intervention indicated a practice effect instead of the presumed fatigue effect for all three groups. The modality incompatible intervention group showed a selective performance improvement for the modality incompatible mapping but no transfer to the modality compatible dual task. In contrast, the compatible intervention group showed moderately improved performance in both modality mappings. Still, participants reported increased subjective fatigue and reduced motivation after the fatigue intervention. This dynamic interplay of training and fatigue effects suggests that high control demands were involved in the prolonged performance of a modality incompatible dual task, which are separable from modality compatible dual-task demands.