cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Growth of Industrial Manufacturing in Ethiopia and Its Contribution to GDP
Creators: name: Rissa, Urgaia
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2007

description: This paper analyses growth of Industrial Manufacturing in Ethiopia and its contribution to GDP over the past 4 and 3/10th decades. In general, industrialization plays an important role in economic development. In this regard, the manufacturing sector plays the key role in growth process. Despite the importance of industrialization in Sustainable Economic Growth, the sector has encountered with a serous growth problem that leads to insignificant contribution to GDP, due to financial constraint, shortage of supply raw materials and lack of skilled manpower. The general objective of this study is to examine the growth of the sector and its contribution to GDP, using Secondary data from the NBE and C.S.A, which covers 43 years. The study employs the methodology of Johansen cointegration analysis of Econometric Time- series models. To identify the effect of various factors determining the growth of the sector, the FIML procedures are employed instead of OLS or 2SLS regressions, because it provides a worthwhile measure to generate more efficient and effective estimates that explain the relationships. These techniques are used to validate the theoretical assertion that there is one cointegrating relations in this study. The analysis indicates that the long-term growth rate of investment is positively related to the weight placed on growth of the sector and is playing significant role in expanding its activities. While that of labor engaged in production, is the short-run effect and hence, the sector is characterized as labor intensive. In the meantime, the sector growth is negatively influenced by total factors of production that represent the obsolete uses technological level in manufacturing activities accounts for the sector's stagnant growth. That is why the overall growth rate of sector is negligible, only about 0.24 percent per annum. In terms of contribution, the share of the sector accounts about 6 percent to GDP. That is, almost about 1/11th of Agriculture and 1/6th of Service sector, on average since 1962. From these analyses, therefore, it would be probably drawn that the growth and the role of industrial sector in Ethiopian economy is insignificant, implies, the level of industrialization is very low. Thus, the policymakers would focus on the implications of this paper to mitigate the problem and achieve the designed goal of Sustainable Economic Growth.Keyword: Manufacturing growth, contribution to GDP and cointegration analysis.
HITRAP: A facility at GSI for highly charged ions
Creators: name: Kluge, H. -J.
name: Beier, T.
name: Blaum, K.
name: Dahl, L.
name: Eliseev, S.
name: Herfurth, F.
name: Hofmann, B.
name: Kester, O.
name: Koszudowski, S.
name: Kozhuharov, C.
name: Maero, G.
name: Noertershaeuser, W.
name: Pfister, J.
name: Quint, W.
name: Ratzinger, U.
name: Schempp, A.
name: Schuch, R.
name: Stoehlker, T.
name: Thompson, R. C.
name: Vogel, M.
name: Vorobjev, G.
name: Winters, D. F. A.
name: Werth, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An overview and status report of the new trapping facility for highly charged ions at the Gesellschaft fuer Schwerionenforschung is presented. The construction of this facility started in 2005 and is expected to be completed in 2008. Once operational, highly charged ions will be loaded from the experimental storage ring ESR into the HITRAP facility, where they are decelerated and cooled. The kinetic energy of the initially fast ions is reduced by more than fourteen orders of magnitude and their thermal energy is cooled to cryogenic temperatures. The cold ions are then delivered to a broad range of atomic physics experiments.
description: 8 pages, 11 figures
The impacts of Microfinance Institution on Household's Livelihood; The case of Oromia Credit and Saving Share Company and Busa Gonofa micro finance institution of Jeldu woreda.
Creators: name: Jifara, Lemesa
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2019

description: The prevalence of poverty has been a common phenomenon in Ethiopia. Microfinance has been introduced and currently it is being practiced in the country as a tool to deliver financial service to the poor with the objective of reducing poverty and improve household livelihood. This paper examines the impacts of microfinance on household livelihood in Jeldu district, Oromia regional state. The study uses cross-sectional data collected from Jeldu woreda households to derive the empirical evidence. Propensity score matching was used for identify the impacts of microfinance intervention on improving the living standard of poor household in comparing client and nonclient household. In this scenario, this paper found that credit has a significant and positive impacts on household average yearly income, consumption, Education, health care, employment generations and housing condition in comparing with non-client respondents. These findings confirm that credit provided for rural household is an effective policy tool to reduce poverty. Therefore, strengthening the existing operation of microfinance in the region would be appropriate socio-economic policy
Guidelines for Meeting Organisers of Virtual COST Meetings
Creators: name: de Lima, Joelyn
name: Smith, Lilian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: This document provides Guidelines for Meeting Organisers of Virtual COST Meetings Date Created: 24th September 2021 This article/publication is based upon work from COST Action < CA17127 Building on scientific literacy in Evolution towards scientifically responsible Europeans >, supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology).
 www.euroscitizen.eu
Hawkes and INAR($\infty$) processes
Creators: name: Kirchner, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G55, 60F99, 37M10

description: In this paper, we discuss integer-valued autoregressive time series (INAR), Hawkes point processes, and their interrelationship. Besides presenting structural analogies, we derive a convergence theorem. More specifically, we generalize the well-known INAR($p$), $p\in\mathbb{N}$, time series model to a corresponding model of infinite order: the INAR($\infty$) model. We establish existence, uniqueness, finiteness of moments, and give formulas for the autocovariance function as well as for the joint moment-generating function. Furthermore, we derive an AR($\infty$), an MA($\infty$), and a branching-process representation for the model. We compare Hawkes process properties with their INAR($\infty$) counterparts. Given a Hawkes process $N$, in the main theorem of the paper we construct an INAR($\infty$)-based family of point processes and prove its convergence to $N$. This connection between INAR and Hawkes models will be relevant in applications.
description: 26 pages
Non-Linear Wavelet Regression and Branch & Bound Optimization for the Full Identification of Bivariate Operator Fractional Brownian Motion
Creators: name: Frecon, Jordan
name: Didier, Gustavo
name: Pustelnik, Nelly
name: Abry, Patrice
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Self-similarity is widely considered the reference framework for modeling the scaling properties of real-world data. However, most theoretical studies and their practical use have remained univariate. Operator Fractional Brownian Motion (OfBm) was recently proposed as a multivariate model for self-similarity. Yet it has remained seldom used in applications because of serious issues that appear in the joint estimation of its numerous parameters. While the univariate fractional Brownian motion requires the estimation of two parameters only, its mere bivariate extension already involves 7 parameters which are very different in nature. The present contribution proposes a method for the full identification of bivariate OfBm (i.e., the joint estimation of all parameters) through an original formulation as a non-linear wavelet regression coupled with a custom-made Branch & Bound numerical scheme. The estimation performance (consistency and asymptotic normality) is mathematically established and numerically assessed by means of Monte Carlo experiments. The impact of the parameters defining OfBm on the estimation performance as well as the associated computational costs are also thoroughly investigated.
Fractal aspects of hadrons
Creators: name: Deppman, Airton
name: Megias, Eugenio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The non extensive aspects of $p_T$ distributions obtained in high energy collisions are discussed in relation to possible fractal structure in hadrons, in the sense of the thermofractal structure recently introduced. The evidences of self-similarity in both theoretical and experimental works in High Energy and in Hadron Physics are discussed, to show that the idea of fractal structure of hadrons and fireballs have being under discussion for decades. The non extensive self-consistent thermodynamics and the thermofractal structure allow one to connect non extensivity to intermittence and possibly to parton distribution functions in a single theoretical framework.
description: 7 pages, ISMD2016 conference
Εκπαίδευση και επαγγελματική κινητικότητα στην Ελλάδα και την Ευρώπη του 21ου αιώνα: όψεις εμπειρικών δεδομένων και κοινωνιολογικές προεκτάσεις.
Creators: name: Τσίγγανος, Φώτιος
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πελοποννήσου
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Εκπαίδευση και κράτος -- Ελλάδα
subject: Εκπαίδευση και κράτος -- Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση, Χώρες της
subject: Αγορά εργασίας -- Ελλάδα
subject: Αγορά εργασίας -- Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση, Χώρες της
subject: Εκπαιδευτική κινητικότητα -- Ελλάδα
subject: Εκπαιδευτική κινητικότητα -- Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση, Χώρες της
subject: Εργατική κινητικότητα -- Ελλάδα
subject: Εργατική κινητικότητα -- Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση, Χώρες της
subject: Παγκοσμιοποίηση
subject: Εκπαίδευση
subject: Κινητικότητα
subject: Ανεργία
subject: Μετανάστευση
subject: Παγκοσμιοποίηση
subject: Education
subject: Mobility
subject: Unemployment
subject: Emigration
subject: Globalization

description: Αριθμός Εισαγωγής: 013425 cd
description: Η παρούσα εργασία εκπονήθηκε στο πλαίσιο του Προγράμματος Μεταπτυχιακών Σπουδών "Εκπαίδευση και επαγγελματική κινητικότητα στην Ελλάδα και την Ευρώπη του 21ου αιώνα: όψεις εμπειρικών δεδομένων και κοινωνιολογικές προεκτάσεις" του τμήματος Εκπαιδευτικής και Κοινωνικής Πολιτικής του Πανεπιστημίου Πελοποννήσου. Έχει ως στόχο την αναφορά και ανάλυση των ποικίλων μεθόδων και πολιτικών αλλά και των κοινωνικών φαινομένων, τα οποία έχουν αναπτυχθεί στο πέρασμα των χρόνων τόσο στην Ελλάδα όσο και στην Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση, αναφορικά με τις μορφές εκπαίδευσης, εργασίας και κινητικότητας σύμφωνα με τη βιβλιογραφία. Η εργασία χωρίζεται σε δύο κύρια μέρη, το θεωρητικό και το ερευνητικό μέρος. Στο θεωρητικό μέρος, το οποίο αποτελεί και το μεγαλύτερο μέρος της εργασίας, αναλύεται το εννοιολογικό πλαίσιο των όρων της εκπαίδευσης και της κινητικότητας, τα είδη και οι τύποι τους, τα φαινόμενα που συναντώνται εντός τους, όπως οι κοινωνικές ανισότητες, η σχολική διαρροής, οι ομάδες Neets κ.α. Επιπλέον αναλύονται τάσεις του εκπαιδευτικού συστήματος σε Ευρωπαϊκό και Ελλαδικό επίπεδο καθώς και οι εξελίξεις και οι υφιστάμενες εξελίξεις και μεταβολές τους. Ακολουθεί το ερευνητικό μέρος, στο οποίο ακολουθείται η ίδια βιβλιογραφική μέθοδος και ερμηνεία κειμένων, όπου κεντρικό ζήτημα ανάλυσης αποτελεί η σχέση της κινητικότητας με την εκπαίδευση, όπου αναδεικνύονται πιο σύνθετα ζητήματα όπως η μετανάστευση των υπερεκπαιδευόμενων, η ανεργία των νέων και η επίδραση της εκπαίδευσης πάνω στη κινητικότητα των πολιτών. Στη συνέχεια ακολουθούν τα συμπεράσματα και η βιβλιογραφία για την σύνοψη και επιστημονική τεκμηρίωση της εργασίας.
Verhaltenswissenschaftliche Ursprünge in der Betriebswirtschaftslehre
Creators: name: Deters, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: Verhaltensorientierte Betriebswirtschaftslehre
subject: Geschichte der Betriebswirtschaftslehre
subject: Entwicklung der Betriebswirtschaftslehre
subject: Menschenbild in der Betriebswirtschaftslehre
subject: Betriebswirtschaftliche Forschung
subject: Leitmotive betriebswirtschaftlicher Forschung
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::330 Wirtschaft::330 Wirtschaft

description: Die vorliegende Untersuchung beschäftigt sich mit der Entwicklung der Betriebswirtschaftslehre und ihrer Öffnung gegenüber verhaltenswissenschaftlichen Erkenntnissen. Von daher wird die Geschichte der Betriebswirtschaftslehre hin zu einer verhaltenswissenschaftlichen Disziplin aufgezeichnet.
An estimation procedure for the Hawkes process
Creators: name: Kirchner, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we present a nonparametric estimation procedure for the multivariate Hawkes point process. The timeline is cut into bins and -- for each component process -- the number of points in each bin is counted. The distribution of the resulting "bin-count sequences" can be approximated by an integer-valued autoregressive model known as the (multivariate) INAR($p$) model. We represent the INAR($p$) model as a standard vector-valued linear autoregressive time series with white-noise innovations (VAR($p$)). We establish consistency and asymptotic normality for conditional least-squares estimation of the VAR($p$), respectively, the INAR($p$) model. After an appropriate scaling, these time series estimates yield estimates for the underlying multivariate Hawkes process as well as formulas for their asymptotic distribution. All results are presented in such a way that computer implementation, e.g., in R, is straightforward. Simulation studies confirm the effectiveness of our estimation procedure. Finally, we present a data example where the method is applied to bivariate event-streams in financial limit-order-book data. We fit a bivariate Hawkes model on the joint process of limit and market order arrivals. The analysis exhibits a remarkably asymmetric relation between the two component processes: incoming market orders excite the limit order flow heavily whereas the market order flow is hardly affected by incoming limit orders.
description: 35 pages including 8 figures
Gravitational Waves from Axion Monodromy
Creators: name: Hebecker, Arthur
name: Jaeckel, Joerg
name: Rompineve, Fabrizio
name: Witkowski, Lukas T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large field inflation is arguably the simplest and most natural variant of slow-roll inflation. Axion monodromy may be the most promising framework for realising this scenario. As one of its defining features, the long-range polynomial potential possesses short-range, instantonic modulations. These can give rise to a series of local minima in the post-inflationary region of the potential. We show that for certain parameter choices the inflaton populates more than one of these vacua inside a single Hubble patch. This corresponds to a dynamical phase decomposition, analogously to what happens in the course of thermal first-order phase transitions. In the subsequent process of bubble wall collisions, the lowest-lying axionic minimum eventually takes over all space. Our main result is that this violent process sources gravitational waves, very much like in the case of a first-order phase transition. We compute the energy density and peak frequency of the signal, which can lie anywhere in the mHz-GHz range, possibly within reach of next-generation interferometers. We also note that this "dynamical phase decomposition" phenomenon and its gravitational wave signal are more general and may apply to other inflationary or reheating scenarios with axions and modulated potentials.
description: 37 pages, 15 figures; v2: references added, typos removed
Site recurrence of open and unitary quantum walks on the line
Creators: name: Carvalho, Silas L.
name: Guidi, Leonardo F.
name: Lardizabal, Carlos F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the problem of site recurrence of discrete time nearest neighbor open quantum random walks (OQWs) on the integer line, proving basic properties and some of its relations with the corresponding problem for unitary (coined) quantum walks (UQWs). For both kinds of walks our discussion concerns two notions of recurrence, one given by a monitoring procedure, another in terms of Pólya numbers, and we study their similarities and differences. In particular, by considering UQWs and OQWs induced by the same pair of matrices, we discuss the fact that recurrence of these walks are related by an additive interference term in a simple way. Based on a previous result of positive recurrence we describe an open quantum version of Kac's lemma for the expected return time to a site.
Mind the Gap - Deciphering GPCR Pharmacology Using 3D Pharmacophores and Artificial Intelligence
Creators: name: Noonan, Theresa
name: Denzinger, Katrin
name: Talagayev, Valerij
name: Chen, Yu
name: Puls, Kristina
name: Wolf, Clemens Alexander
name: Liu, Sijie
name: Nguyen, Trung Ngoc
name: Wolber, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: ligand-based pharmacophores
subject: structure-based pharmacophores
subject: virtual screening
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::615 Pharmakologie, Therapeutik

description: G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are amongst the most pharmaceutically relevant and well-studied protein targets, yet unanswered questions in the field leave significant gaps in our understanding of their nuanced structure and function. Three-dimensional pharmacophore models are powerful computational tools in in silico drug discovery, presenting myriad opportunities for the integration of GPCR structural biology and cheminformatics. This review highlights success stories in the application of 3D pharmacophore modeling to de novo drug design, the discovery of biased and allosteric ligands, scaffold hopping, QSAR analysis, hit-to-lead optimization, GPCR de-orphanization, mechanistic understanding of GPCR pharmacology and the elucidation of ligand–receptor interactions. Furthermore, advances in the incorporation of dynamics and machine learning are highlighted. The review will analyze challenges in the field of GPCR drug discovery, detailing how 3D pharmacophore modeling can be used to address them. Finally, we will present opportunities afforded by 3D pharmacophore modeling in the advancement of our understanding and targeting of GPCRs.
Singularities of divisors on flag varieties via Hwang's product theorem
Creators: name: Smirnov, Evgeny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give an alternative proof of a recent result by Pasquier stating that for a generalized flag variety $X=G/P$ and an effective $\mathbb{Q}$-divisor $D$ stable with respect to a Borel subgroup the pair $(X,D)$ is Kawamata log terminal if and only if $\lfloor D\rfloor=0$.
description: 6 pages
Interplay of Hydration and Protonation Dynamics in the K-Channel of Cytochrome c Oxidase
Creators: name: Gorriz, Rene F.
name: Imhof, Petra
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: cytochrome c oxidase
subject: proton transfer
subject: hydration level
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Cytochrome c oxidase is a membrane protein of the respiratory chain that consumes protons and molecular oxygen to produce water and uses the resulting energy to pump protons across the membrane. Our molecular dynamics simulations with an excess proton located at different positions in one of the proton-conducting channels, the K-channel, show a clear dependence of the number of water molecules inside the channel on the proton position. A higher hydration level facilitates the formation of hydrogen-bonded chains along which proton transfer can occur. However, a sufficiently high hydration level for such proton transport is observed only when the excess proton is located above S365, i.e., the lower third of the channel. From the channel entrance up to this point, proton transport is via water molecules as proton carriers. These hydronium ions move with their surrounding water molecules, up to K362, filling and widening the channel. The conformation of K362 depends on its own protonation state and on the hydration level, suggesting its role to be proton transport from a hydronium ion at the height of K362 to the upper part of the channel via a conformational change. The protonation-dependent conformational dynamics of E101 at the bottom of the channel renders proton transfer via E101 unlikely. Instead, its role is rather that of an amplifier of H96’s proton affinity, suggesting H96 as the initial proton acceptor.
A Snowballing Literature Study on Test Amplification
Creators: name: Danglot, Benjamin
name: Vera-Pérez, Oscar Luis
name: Yu, Zhongxing
name: Zaidman, Andy
name: Monperrus, Martin
name: Baudry, Benoit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The adoption of agile development approaches has put an increased emphasis on developer testing, resulting in software projects with strong test suites. These suites include a large number of test cases, in which developers embed knowledge about meaningful input data and expected properties in the form of oracles. This article surveys various works that aim at exploiting this knowledge in order to enhance these manually written tests with respect to an engineering goal (e.g., improve coverage of changes or increase the accuracy of fault localization). While these works rely on various techniques and address various goals, we believe they form an emerging and coherent field of research, which we call `test amplification'. We devised a first set of papers from DBLP, looking for all papers containing `test' and `amplification' in their title. We reviewed the 70 papers in this set and selected the 4 papers that fit our definition of test amplification. We use these 4 papers as the seed for our snowballing study, and systematically followed the citation graph. This study is the first that draws a comprehensive picture of the different engineering goals proposed in the literature for test amplification. In particular, we note that the goal of test amplification goes far beyond maximizing coverage only. We believe that this survey will help researchers and practitioners entering this new field to understand more quickly and more deeply the intuitions, concepts and techniques used for test amplification.
Three-dimensional microtomographic imaging of human brain cortex
Creators: name: Mizutani, Ryuta
name: Takeuchi, Akihisa
name: Uesugi, Kentaro
name: Ohyama, Masami
name: Takekoshi, Susumu
name: Osamura, R. Yoshiyuki
name: Suzuki, Yoshio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: This paper describes an x-ray microtomographic technique for imaging the three-dimensional structure of the human cerebral cortex. Neurons in the brain constitute a neural circuit as a three-dimensional network. The brain tissue is composed of light elements that give little contrast in a hard x-ray transmission image. The contrast was enhanced by staining neural cells with metal compounds. The obtained structure revealed the microarchitecture of the gray and white matter regions of the frontal cortex, which is responsible for the higher brain functions.
description: 23 pages, 2 figures. The first author surname in the metadata was corrected. Hidden information in the pdf file (bookmarks and metadata) was removed
Anisotropic Gravitational Collapse and Cosmic Jets
Creators: name: Bini, Donato
name: Chicone, Carmen
name: Mashhoon, Bahram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Consider a dynamic general relativistic spacetime in which the proper infinitesimal interval along one spatial coordinate direction decreases monotonically with time, while the corresponding intervals increase along other spatial directions. In a system undergoing such complete anisotropic collapse/expansion, we look for the formation of a cosmic double-jet configuration: free test particles in the ambient medium, relative to the collapsing system, gain energy from the gravitational field and asymptotically line up parallel and antiparallel to the direction of collapse such that their Lorentz factors approach infinity. A strong burst of electromagnetic radiation is expected to accompany this event if some of the free test particles carry electric charge. Previous work in this direction involved mainly Ricci-flat spacetimes; hence, we concentrate here on inhomogeneous perfect fluid spacetimes. We briefly explore the possible connection between these theoretical cosmic jets and astrophysical jets. We also discuss other general relativistic scenarios for the formation of cosmic jets.
description: 25 pages, 3 figures, revtex macros; v2: slightly expanded version
Financial Development And Economic Growth Revisited: Evidence from the Case of Selected Sub-Sahara African Countries
Creators: name: Getachew, Yohannes
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2016

description: The finance – growth nexus, though it is well-entrenched in the academic discourse and no consensus is reached, still begs for updating through revisiting the issue using recent data. With this motivation, this paper has attempted to achieve two paramount objectives: examining the effect of economic growth on the development of the financial system and investigating the effect of other variables which were presumed and simultaneously supported by substantial body of literature to have significant effect on economic growth; a case from 20 selected sub-Sahara African region. Pertaining to this, first using annual data of 20 selected sub-Sahara African countries were collected and transformed in to five years averaged longitudinal data form, we applied multilevel mixed effects regressions (MMER). The results from the mixed effect regression revealed that, there is a significant and positive effect of economic growth, geographic location allotting sea door, macroeconomic stability, investment and domestic savings. On the contrary, negative relationship was observed between foreign legal system origination and financial development. The evidence under the probe on the effect of demographic situations have two effects comprising both direct relationship with financial depth and indirect effects on the efficiency of the financial system. Finally this paper has ended up suggesting further detailed research on the effects of demographic situations on financial development; additionally to examine the finance growth nexus and give microeconomic evidence. Key words: financial depth, efficiency of financial system, economic growth, multilevel mixed effect regression, microeconomic evidence.
Decay widths of the excited $Ω_b$ baryons
Creators: name: Agaev, S. S.
name: Azizi, K.
name: Sundu, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The LHCb Collaboration recently observed five narrow $Ω_c^{0}$ resonances, and measured their masses and widths through the decays $ Ω_c^{0} \to Ξ_c^{+}K^{-}$. Motivated by this discovery, and also by the fact that the ground-state bottom baryon $Ω_b^{-}$ with spin-1/2 was already found experimentally, we perform theoretical investigation of the spin-1/2 and spin-3/2, $Ω_b$, baryons by calculating decay width of their first orbitally and radially excited states to $Ξ_b^{0} K^{-}$. For this purpose, we employ QCD sum rule method on the light-cone by including into analysis the $K$ meson distribution amplitudes up to twist-4. Obtained analytical expressions are utilized to extract parameters of these decay processes which may be useful for forthcoming experimental studies of bottom baryons.
description: 17 Pages, 8 Figures and 1 Table
Development of Diagnostics for High-Temperature High-Pressure Liquid Pb-16Li Applications
Creators: name: Saraswat, Abhishek
name: Sahu, Srikanta
name: Rao, T. Srinivas
name: Prajapati, Ashok K.
name: Verma, Shrikant
name: Gupta, Sandeep
name: Kumar, Mritunjay
name: Bhattacharyay, Rajendraprasad
name: Das, Partha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Liquid lead-lithium (Pb-16Li) is of primary interest as one of the candidate materials for tritium breeder, neutron multiplier and coolant fluid in liquid metal blanket concepts relevant to fusion power plants. For an effective and reliable operation of such high temperature liquid metal systems, monitoring and control of critical process parameters is essential. However, limited operational experience coupled with high temperature operating conditions and corrosive nature of Pb-16Li severely limits application of commercially available diagnostic tools. This paper illustrates indigenous calibration test facility designs and experimental methods used to develop non-contact configuration level diagnostics using pulse radar level sensor, wetted configuration pressure diagnostics using diaphragm seal type pressure sensor and bulk temperature diagnostics with temperature profiling for high temperature, high pressure liquid Pb and Pb-16Li applications. Calibration check of these sensors was performed using analytical methods, at temperature between 380C-400C and pressure upto 1 MPa (g). Reliability and performance validation were achieved through long duration testing of sensors in liquid Pb and liquid Pb-16Li environment for over 1000 hour. Estimated deviation for radar level sensor lies within [-3.36 mm, +13.64 mm] and the estimated error for pressure sensor lies within 1.1% of calibrated span over the entire test duration. Results obtained and critical observations from these tests are presented in this paper.
description: 09 Pages, 19 Figures, 02 Tables
Metabolic Characteristics of Porcine LA-MRSA CC398 and CC9 Isolates from Germany and China via Biolog Phenotype MicroArrayTM
Creators: name: Krüger-Haker, Henrike
name: Ji, Xing
name: Bartel, Alexander
name: Feßler, Andrea T.
name: Hanke, Dennis
name: Jiang, Nansong
name: Tedin, Karsten
name: Maurischat, Sven
name: Wang, Yang
name: Wu, Congming
name: Schwarz, Stefan
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Staphylococcus aureus
subject: metabolic properties
subject: area under the curve (AUC)
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::636 Viehwirtschaft
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::616 Krankheiten

description: Livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) is an important zoonotic pathogen, often multi-resistant to antimicrobial agents. Among swine, LA-MRSA of clonal complex (CC) 398 dominates in Europe, Australia and the Americas, while LA-MRSA-CC9 is the main epidemic lineage in Asia. Here, we comparatively investigated the metabolic properties of rare and widespread porcine LA-MRSA isolates from Germany and China using Biolog Phenotype MicroArray technology to evaluate if metabolic variations could have played a role in the development of two different epidemic LA-MRSA clones in swine. Overall, we were able to characterize the isolates’ metabolic profiles and show their tolerance to varying environmental conditions. Sparse partial least squares discriminant analysis (sPLS-DA) supported the detection of the most informative substrates and/or conditions that revealed metabolic differences between the LA-MRSA lineages. The Chinese LA-MRSA-CC9 isolates displayed unique characteristics, such as a consistently delayed onset of cellular respiration, and increased, reduced or absent usage of several nutrients. These possibly unfavorable metabolic properties might promote the ongoing gradual replacement of the current epidemic LA-MRSA-CC9 clone in China with the emerging LA-MRSA-CC398 lineage through livestock trade and occupational exposure. Due to the enhanced pathogenicity of the LA-MRSA-CC398 clone, the public health risk posed by LA-MRSA from swine might increase further.
Trends Shaping Western European Agrifood Systems of the Future
Creators: name: Preiss, Myriam
name: Vogt, Julia H.-M.
name: Dreher, Carsten
name: Schreiner, Monika
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: trends
subject: agrifood systems
subject: foresight
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::640 Hauswirtschaft und Familie::641 Essen und Trinken

description: Western Europe’s agrifood systems are highly developed, extremely complex, and dependably produce food for billions. Securing their functionality is imperative whilst dealing with varieties of major challenges and opportunities in the future. Multiple stakeholders are involved in system transitions; therefore, synthesizing views from different scientific disciplines is essential for a robust trend analysis. Through workshops with a variety of experts, extensive research, followed by close monitoring over 5 years, we identified trends that will influence the shape of the evolving agrifood systems. Based on this, we determined which trends need addressing by agrifood research to secure the system’s future functioning. We detected nine trends with 50 sub-topics that will shape the future of Western European agrifood systems, of which 5 are classified as macro- and 4 as micro-trends. Our second objective was to improve the efforts of the stakeholders in- and outside of the agrifood area to secure functioning and further improvement through giving a comprehensive overview. This contributes to enhanced strategies for sustainable and resilient agrifood systems that produce sufficient affordable nutritious food for a planetary health diet, and hence, supporting successful implementation of selected goals from the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the European Green Deal.
Pseudoholomorphic Curves Relative to a Normal Crossings Symplectic Divisor: Compactification
Creators: name: Farajzadeh-Tehrani, Mohammad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Inspired by the log Gromov-Witten (or GW) theory of Gross-Siebert/Abramovich-Chen, we introduce a geometric notion of log J-holomorphic curve relative to a simple normal crossings symplectic divisor defined in [FMZ1]. Every such moduli space is characterized by a second homology class, genus, and contact data. For certain almost complex structures, we show that the moduli space of stable log J-holomorphic curves of any fixed type is compact and metrizable with respect to an enhancement of the Gromov topology. In the case of smooth symplectic divisors, our compactification is often smaller than the relative compactification and there is a projection map from the latter onto the former. The latter is constructed via expanded degenerations of the target. Our construction does not need any modification of (or any extra structure on) the target. Unlike the classical moduli spaces of stable maps, these log moduli spaces are often virtually singular. We describe an explicit toric model for the normal cone (i.e. the space of gluing parameters) to each stratum in terms of the defining combinatorial data of that stratum. In [FT2], we introduce a natural set up for studying the deformation theory of log (and relative) curves and obtain a logarithmic analog of the space of Ruan-Tian perturbations for these moduli spaces. In a forthcoming paper, we will prove a gluing theorem for smoothing log curves in the normal direction to each stratum. With some modifications to the theory of Kuranishi spaces, the latter will allow us to construct a virtual fundamental class for every such log moduli space and define relative GW invariants without any restriction.
description: Thanks to referee's comments, some sections are moved around and some more details are added
Expectation Maximization and the retrieval of the atmospheric extinction coefficients by inversion of Raman lidar data
Creators: name: Garbarino, Sara
name: Sorrentino, Alberto
name: Massone, Anna Maria
name: Sannino, Alessia
name: Boselli, Antonella
name: Wang, Xuan
name: Spinelli, Nicola
name: Piana, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the problem of retrieving the aerosol extinction coefficient from Raman lidar measurements. This is an ill--posed inverse problem that needs regularization, and we propose to use the Expectation--Maximization (EM) algorithm to provide stable solutions. Indeed, EM is an iterative algorithm that imposes a positivity constraint on the solution, and provides regularization if iterations are stopped early enough. We describe the algorithm and propose a stopping criterion inspired by a statistical principle. We then discuss its properties concerning the spatial resolution. Finally, we validate the proposed approach by using both synthetic data and experimental measurements; we compare the reconstructions obtained by EM with those obtained by the Tikhonov method, by the Levenberg-Marquardt method, as well as those obtained by combining data smoothing and numerical derivation.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures, currently under revision
On the selection of models for the high-frequency quasiperiodic oscillations of black holes: The mass problem
Creators: name: Stefanov, Ivan Zh.
name: Tasheva, Radostina P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-frequency quasiperiodic oscillations of the X-ray flux comming from black-hole binaries have the potential to provide precise estimates of the mass and the spin of the central black hole, if an adequate model for them was available. There are several models in the literature but none of them is commonly accepted. One way to test the available models is to confront their predictions for the masses of black holes with results obtained through other methods. Here, we study the mass bounds that nine of the most commonly used models provide for the three microquasars with known masses GRS 1915+105, GRO 1655-40 and XTE 1550-564 which display high-frequency quasiperiodic oscillations in their X-ray spectra. We also propose a statistical method for the assessment of the average success of the models. The results allow us to discard five of them. Here, "the mass problem" designates the conflict between their predictions and the reference masses.
description: 23 pages, updated to match the published version, http://www.rrp.infim.ro/2022/AN74105.pdf
FeMn with Phases of a Degradable Ag Alloy for Residue-Free and Adapted Bioresorbability
Creators: name: Krüger, Jan Tobias
name: Hoyer, Kay-Peter
name: Huang, Jingyuan
name: Filor, Viviane
name: Mateus-Vargas, Rafael Hernan
name: Oltmanns, Hilke
name: Meißner, Jessica
name: Grundmeier, Guido
name: Schaper, Mirko
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: antibacterial behavior
subject: biocompatibility
subject: biomedical application
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::615 Pharmakologie, Therapeutik

description: The development of bioresorbable materials for temporary implantation enables progress in medical technology. Iron (Fe)-based degradable materials are biocompatible and exhibit good mechanical properties, but their degradation rate is low. Aside from alloying with Manganese (Mn), the creation of phases with high electrochemical potential such as silver (Ag) phases to cause the anodic dissolution of FeMn is promising. However, to enable residue-free dissolution, the Ag needs to be modified. This concern is addressed, as FeMn modified with a degradable Ag-Calcium-Lanthanum (AgCaLa) alloy is investigated. The electrochemical properties and the degradation behavior are determined via a static immersion test. The local differences in electrochemical potential increase the degradation rate (low pH values), and the formation of gaps around the Ag phases (neutral pH values) demonstrates the benefit of the strategy. Nevertheless, the formation of corrosion-inhibiting layers avoids an increased degradation rate under a neutral pH value. The complete bioresorption of the material is possible since the phases of the degradable AgCaLa alloy dissolve after the FeMn matrix. Cell viability tests reveal biocompatibility, and the antibacterial activity of the degradation supernatant is observed. Thus, FeMn modified with degradable AgCaLa phases is promising as a bioresorbable material if corrosion-inhibiting layers can be diminished.
Effects of Nutrition Sensitive Agriculture on Welfare Outcomes of Rural Women: The Case of Basona Worena and Angolela Tera Woredas of North Shoa Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Hanna, Lemma
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2019

description: Food insecurity and malnutrition are priority development challenges of Ethiopia. To counter the problem, the country embraced the nutrition sensitive agriculture approach and taken decisive measures relevant for wide implementation of the practice. Nutrition sensitive agriculture interventions that are implemented in worst affected parts of the country are already producing number of encouraging results. This study assessed the extent to which the desired welfare outcomes are realized in the intervention beneficiary Basona Worena Woreda as compared to the Agolela Tera Woreda that did not benefit from such intervention. Administratively, these woredas are situated in North Shoa Zone of Amhara Region. Purposive and simple random sampling procedures were used to select these two Woredas, and the 262 representative households respectively. The study employed key informants' interview checklists and structured questionnaires to gather relevant data, which was then analyzed using descriptive statistics and an econometric propensity score matching model. The study findings demonstrated that the intervention has a significant and positive influence on assessed welfare outcomes namely women empowerment, on-farm production and consumption of nutritious diets, household income, and nutrition knowledge. Of the examined women empowerment domains, appreciable improvement was made in leadership and access to resources. Regarding the outcome on production and consumption diversity, mothers' and children's consumption was seriously constrained by sociocultural and religious factors. Despite these challenges, intervention beneficiary women and their children have had higher minimum dietary diversity than non-beneficiary women and their children. The home production of nutrient dense food sources positively affected the consumption of these items although extremely poor families opted to sale part or the entire farm produce in order to generate the badly needed cash. To countervail this challenge, future nutrition sensitive agriculture intervention programs should consider livelihood and income diversification opportunities as part of the scheme so as to allow the poor households use the home produced nutrient dense foods for intended purpose. In addition, the sustained and wider dissemination of the nutrition sensitive agriculture approach would require building the capacity of key actors and institutionalizing the scheme in the regular publicly supported extension programs.
A High Stellar Velocity Dispersion and ~100 Globular Clusters for the Ultra Diffuse Galaxy Dragonfly 44
Creators: name: van Dokkum, Pieter
name: Abraham, Roberto
name: Brodie, Jean
name: Conroy, Charlie
name: Danieli, Shany
name: Merritt, Allison
name: Mowla, Lamiya
name: Romanowsky, Aaron
name: Zhang, Jielai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently a population of large, very low surface brightness, spheroidal galaxies was identified in the Coma cluster. The apparent survival of these Ultra Diffuse Galaxies (UDGs) in a rich cluster suggests that they have very high masses. Here we present the stellar kinematics of Dragonfly 44, one of the largest Coma UDGs, using a 33.5 hr integration with DEIMOS on the Keck II telescope. We find a velocity dispersion of 47 km/s, which implies a dynamical mass of M_dyn=0.7x10^10 M_sun within its deprojected half-light radius of r_1/2=4.6 kpc. The mass-to-light ratio is M/L=48 M_sun/L_sun, and the dark matter fraction is 98 percent within the half-light radius. The high mass of Dragonfly 44 is accompanied by a large globular cluster population. From deep Gemini imaging taken in 0.4" seeing we infer that Dragonfly 44 has 94 globular clusters, similar to the counts for other galaxies in this mass range. Our results add to other recent evidence that many UDGs are "failed" galaxies, with the sizes, dark matter content, and globular cluster systems of much more luminous objects. We estimate the total dark halo mass of Dragonfly 44 by comparing the amount of dark matter within r=4.6 kpc to enclosed mass profiles of NFW halos. The enclosed mass suggests a total mass of ~10^12 M_sun, similar to the mass of the Milky Way. The existence of nearly-dark objects with this mass is unexpected, as galaxy formation is thought to be maximally-efficient in this regime.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Ionisierende Strahlung in der Medizin (Auszug aus: PTB-Mitteilungen 2013, Band 123, Heft 2. ISSN 0030-834X)
Creators: name: Janßen, Herbert
name: Ankerhold, Ulrike
name: Büermann, Ludwig
name: Kossert, Karsten
name: Schneider, Thorsten
name: Krauss, Achim
name: Kapsch, Ralf-Peter
name: Anton, Mathias
name: Ambrosi, Peter
name: Hupe, Oliver
name: Kramer, H.-M.
name: Behrens, Rolf
name: Zutz, Hayo
name: Rabus, Hans
name: Arndt, Alexander
name: Baek, Woon Yong
name: Bug, Marion
name: Nettelbeck, Heidi
name: Hilgers, Gerhard
name: Giesen, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)
Year: 2015

description: PTB-Mitteilungen. Band 123 (2013), Heft 2, Seite 1 - 81. ISSN 0030-834X