cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Asymmetric heterogeneities and the role of transfers in a public goods experiment
Creators: name: Koessler, Ann-Kathrin
name: Müller, Julia
name: Zitzelsberger, Sonja
Publisher: name: Amsterdam : Elsevier
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cooperation
subject: Heterogeneity
subject: Inequality
subject: Public goods game
subject: Transfers
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::330 | Wirtschaft

description: Previous experimental research has shown that cooperation is especially challenging in situations involving heterogeneous actors. Here, we investigate the effect of allowing unconditional transfers in a public goods game when actors differ asymmetrically in their endowments and productivity levels. Under this setup, full efficiency, in terms of highest maximum group payoff, can only be achieved with the full transfer of resources from the players with high endowment and low productivity to the players with high productivity but low endowment. We show that, in this setting, the availability of transfers enhances public good provision and cooperation. The voluntary transfer serves as a powerful cooperative signal, leading to high contribution rates among the recipients. However, if the transfer possibility is given but not used, cooperation erodes.
Bounds on charged-lepton flavor violations via resonant scattering
Creators: name: Gabrielli, Emidio
name: Mele, Barbara
name: Onofrio, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the possibility of probing flavor violations in the charged-lepton sector by means of high-luminosity lepton-photon and electron-muon collisions, by inverting initial and final states in a variety of decay channels presently used to bound such violations. In particular, we analyse the resonant lepton, $γ\, \ell \to \ell^{\prime}$, and neutral-meson, $e^- μ^+ \to ϕ,η,π^0\!$, scattering channels, whose cross sections are critically dependent on the colliding-beams energy spread, being particularly demanding in the case of leptonic processes. For these processes, we compute upper bounds to the cross-section corresponding to present limits on the inverse decay channel rates. In order to circumvent the beam energy spread limitations we extend the analysis to processes in which a photon accompanies the resonance in the final state, compensating the off-shellness effects by radiative return. These processes might be studied at future facilities with moderate energies, in case lepton-photon and electron-muon collisions with sufficiently high luminosity will be available.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, new references and results included, same as published version
The phase diagram and vortex properties of PT-symmetric non-Hermitian two-component superfluid
Creators: name: Begun, A. M.
name: Chernodub, M. N.
name: Molochkov, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the phase diagram and properties of global vortices in the non-Hermitian parity-time-symmetric relativistic model possessing two interacting scalar complex fields. The phase diagram contains stable PT-symmetric regions and unstable PT-broken regions, which intertwine nontrivially with the U(1)-symmetric and U(1)-broken phases, thus forming rich patterns in the space of parameters of the model. The notion of the PT-symmetry breaking is generalized to the interacting theory. At finite quartic couplings, the non-Hermitian model possesses classical vortex solutions in the PT-symmetric regions characterized by broken U(1) symmetry. In the long-range limit of two-component Bose-Einstein condensates, the vortices from different condensates experience mutual dissipative dynamics unless their cores overlap precisely. For comparison, we also consider a close Hermitian analog of the system and demonstrate that the non-Hermitian two-component model possesses much richer dynamics than its Hermitian counterpart.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures; v2: minor corrections, clarifications and references added; published version
Theoretically exploring selective-binding mechanisms of BRD4 through integrative computational approaches
Creators: name: Luo, D.
name: Tong, J.B.
name: Xiao, X.C.
name: Bian, S.
name: Zhang, X.
name: Wang, J.
name: Xu, H.Y.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The origin of cancer is related to the dysregulation of multiple signal pathways and of physiological processes. Bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) has become an attractive target for the development of anticancer and anti-inflammatory agents since it can epigenetically regulate the transcription of growth-promoting genes. The synthesized BRD4 inhibitors with new chemical structures can reduce the drug resistance, but their binding modes and the inhibitory mechanism remain unclear. Here, we initially constructed robust QSAR models based on 68 reported tetrahydropteridin analogues using topomer CoMFA and HQSAR. On the basis of QSAR results, we designed 16 novel tetrahydropteridin analogues with modified structures and carried out docking studies. Instead of significant hydrogen bondings with amino acid residue Asn140 as reported in previous research, the molecular docking modelling suggested a novel docking pose that involves the amino acid residues (Trp81, Pro82, Val87, Leu92, Leu94, Cys136, Asp144, and Ile146) at the active site of BRD4. The MD simulations, free energy calculations, and residual energy contributions all indicate that hydrophobic interactions are decisive factors affecting bindings between inhibitors and BRD4. The current study provides new insights that can aid the discovery of BRD4 inhibitors with enhanced anti-cancer ability.
Zeros of dynamical zeta functions for hyperbolic quadradic maps
Creators: name: Fu, Yuqiu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that the dynamical zeta function $Z(s)$ associated to $z^2 + c$ with $c < -3.75$ has essential zero-free strips of size $1/2 +$, that is, for every $ε> 0$, there exist only finitely many zeros in the strip $\mathrm{Re}(s) > 1/2 + ε$. We also present some numerical plots of zeros of $Z(s)$ using the method proposed in Jenkinson-Pollicott.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures
KOLOMVERSE: Korea open large-scale image dataset for object detection in the maritime universe
Creators: name: Nanda, Abhilasha
name: Cho, Sung Won
name: Lee, Hyeopwoo
name: Park, Jin Hyoung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Over the years, datasets have been developed for various object detection tasks. Object detection in the maritime domain is essential for the safety and navigation of ships. However, there is still a lack of publicly available large-scale datasets in the maritime domain. To overcome this challenge, we present KOLOMVERSE, an open large-scale image dataset for object detection in the maritime domain by KRISO (Korea Research Institute of Ships and Ocean Engineering). We collected 5,845 hours of video data captured from 21 territorial waters of South Korea. Through an elaborate data quality assessment process, we gathered around 2,151,470 4K resolution images from the video data. This dataset considers various environments: weather, time, illumination, occlusion, viewpoint, background, wind speed, and visibility. The KOLOMVERSE consists of five classes (ship, buoy, fishnet buoy, lighthouse and wind farm) for maritime object detection. The dataset has images of 3840$\times$2160 pixels and to our knowledge, it is by far the largest publicly available dataset for object detection in the maritime domain. We performed object detection experiments and evaluated our dataset on several pre-trained state-of-the-art architectures to show the effectiveness and usefulness of our dataset. The dataset is available at: \url{https://github.com/MaritimeDataset/KOLOMVERSE}.
description: 9 pages, SN - 1558-0016, PY - 2024
A Comprehensive Review of Visual-Textual Sentiment Analysis from Social Media Networks
Creators: name: Al-Tameemi, Israa Khalaf Salman
name: Feizi-Derakhshi, Mohammad-Reza
name: Pashazadeh, Saeed
name: Asadpour, Mohammad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Social media networks have become a significant aspect of people's lives, serving as a platform for their ideas, opinions and emotions. Consequently, automated sentiment analysis (SA) is critical for recognising people's feelings in ways that other information sources cannot. The analysis of these feelings revealed various applications, including brand evaluations, YouTube film reviews and healthcare applications. As social media continues to develop, people post a massive amount of information in different forms, including text, photos, audio and video. Thus, traditional SA algorithms have become limited, as they do not consider the expressiveness of other modalities. By including such characteristics from various material sources, these multimodal data streams provide new opportunities for optimising the expected results beyond text-based SA. Our study focuses on the forefront field of multimodal SA, which examines visual and textual data posted on social media networks. Many people are more likely to utilise this information to express themselves on these platforms. To serve as a resource for academics in this rapidly growing field, we introduce a comprehensive overview of textual and visual SA, including data pre-processing, feature extraction techniques, sentiment benchmark datasets, and the efficacy of multiple classification methodologies suited to each field. We also provide a brief introduction of the most frequently utilised data fusion strategies and a summary of existing research on visual-textual SA. Finally, we highlight the most significant challenges and investigate several important sentiment applications.
Modeling the HEVC Encoding Energy Using the Encoder Processing Time
Creators: name: Ramasubbu, Geetha
name: Kaup, André
name: Herglotz, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The global significance of energy consumption of video communication renders research on the energy need of video coding an important task. To do so, usually, a dedicated setup is needed that measures the energy of the encoding and decoding system. However, such measurements are costly and complex. To this end, this paper presents the results of an exhaustive measurement series using the x265 encoder implementation of HEVC and analyzes the relation between encoding time and encoding energy. Finally, we introduce a simple encoding energy estimation model which employs the encoding time of a lightweight encoding process to estimate the encoding energy of complex encoding configurations. The proposed model reaches a mean estimation error of 11.35% when averaged over all presets. The results from this work are useful when the encoding energy estimate is required to develop new energy-efficient video compression algorithms.
description: Proc. 2022 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)
Efficient error and variance estimation for randomized matrix computations
Creators: name: Epperly, Ethan N.
name: Tropp, Joel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62F40, 65F55, 68W20

description: Randomized matrix algorithms have become workhorse tools in scientific computing and machine learning. To use these algorithms safely in applications, they should be coupled with posterior error estimates to assess the quality of the output. To meet this need, this paper proposes two diagnostics: a leave-one-out error estimator for randomized low-rank approximations and a jackknife resampling method to estimate the variance of the output of a randomized matrix computation. Both of these diagnostics are rapid to compute for randomized low-rank approximation algorithms such as the randomized SVD and randomized Nyström approximation, and they provide useful information that can be used to assess the quality of the computed output and guide algorithmic parameter choices.
description: 22 pages, 10 figures, 13 pages of supplementary material. v5: added derivation of leave-one-out error estimate to supplementary material
High-Speed Cylindrical Collapse of Two Perfect Fluids
Creators: name: Sharif, M.
name: Ahmad, Zahid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, the study of the gravitational collapse of cylindrically distributed two perfect fluid system has been carried out. It is assumed that the collapsing speeds of the two fluids are very large. We explore this condition by using the high-speed approximation scheme. There arise two cases, i.e., bounded and vanishing of the ratios of the pressures with densities of two fluids given by $c_s, d_s$. It is shown that the high-speed approximation scheme breaks down by non-zero pressures $p_1, p_2$ when $c_s, d_s$ are bounded below by some positive constants. The failure of the high-speed approximation scheme at some particular time of the gravitational collapse suggests the uncertainity on the evolution at and after this time. In the bounded case, the naked singularity formation seems to be impossible for the cylindrical two perfect fluids. For the vanishing case, if a linear equation of state is used, the high-speed collapse does not break down by the effects of the pressures and consequently a naked singularity forms. This work provides the generalisation of the results already given by Nakao and Morisawa [1] for the perfect fluid.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure, accepted for publication in Gen. Rel. Grav
Mott-Anderson Metal-Insulator Transitions from Entanglement
Creators: name: Canella, G. A.
name: França, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A metal can be driven to an insulating phase through distinct mechanisms. A possible way is via the Coulomb interaction, which then defines the Mott metal-insulator transition (MIT). Another possibility is the MIT driven by disorder, the so-called Anderson MIT. Here we analyze interacting particles in disordered Hubbard chains $-$ thus comprising the Mott-Anderson physics $-$ by investigating the ground-state entanglement with density functional theory. The localization signature on entanglement is found to be a local minimum at a certain critical density. Individually, the Mott (Anderson) MIT has a single critical density whose minimum entanglement decreases as the interaction (disorder) enhances. While in the Mott MIT entanglement saturates at finite values, characterizing partial localization, in the Anderson MIT the system reaches full localization, with zero entanglement, for sufficiently strong disorder. In the combined Mott-Anderson MIT, we find three critical densities referring to local minima on entanglement. One of them is the same as for the Anderson MIT, but now the presence of interaction requires a stronger disorder potential to induce localization. A second critical density is related to the Mott MIT, but due to disorder it is displaced by a factor proportional to the concentration of impurities. The third local minimum on entanglement is unique to the concomitant presence of disorder and interaction, found to be related to an effective density phenomenon, thus referred to as a Mott-like MIT. Since entanglement has been intrinsically connected to the magnetic susceptibility $-$ a quantity promptly available in cold atoms experiments $-$ our detailed numerical description might be useful for the experimental investigation of Mott-Anderson MIT.
description: to appear in Physical Review B (2021)
Palestinian nationalism from 1917 to 1989 : four stages of development
Creators: name: King, Gabriella Louise
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis examines the development of Palestinian nationalism in the twentieth century by dividing it into four periods. In each of these four periods anti-colonial nationalism and Arab nationalism are applied to the Palestinian case. Special attention is paid to the Palestinian vision of Zionism, the role of the Arab states in Palestinian politics, the vision of a future Palestinian state and how it was to be achieved. In the early twentieth century, Palestinian national feelings were stirred as opposition was organized against Zionist immigration and British rule. Both the Zionists and the British were considered to be motivated by colonial aims in the stirring phase. The second period in the development of Palestinian nationalism, which was clearly a pan-Arab period, took shape soon after the establishment of the state of Israel in 1948 at which time the success of pan-Arabism was believed to be the best way to achieve an independent Palestinian state. The third phase in the evolution of Palestinian nationalism, which is dealt with in chapter two, is marked by the defeat of the Arab states in the June war of 1967, at which time pan-Arabism lost much of its appeal. This defeat marked the rise of a new Palestine Liberation Organization and although there were a variety of groups and ideologies within the organization, it is possible to make some generalizations about Palestinian nationalism in this period. The PLO attempted to reduce the role of the Arab states in Palestinian affairs, they expressed Marxist ideas and a militant line, and the organization continued to see Israel as a colonial settlement that was to be eliminated. Finally, this thesis characterises the fourth period in the evolution of Palestinian nationalism as a gradual process of change that occurred throughout the 1970s and 1980s. It involved an eventual acceptance of Israel and a partition of Palestine, thus rejecting the anti-colonial ideas that had been at the centre of the movement since the stirring phase. This thesis concludes by suggesting that these changes are likely to make it difficult for the PLO to maintain its fragile unity.
Incompressible fluid inside an astrophysical black hole?
Creators: name: Canfora, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is argued that under natural hypothesis the Fermions inside a black hole formed after the collapse of a neutron star could form a non compressible fluid (well before reaching the Planck scale) leading to some features of integer Quantum Hall Effect. The relations with black hole entropy are analyzed. Insights coming from Quantum Hall Effect are used to analyze the coupling with Einstein equations. Connections with some cosmological scenarios and with higher dimensional Quantum Hall Effect are shortly pointed out.
description: 30 pages, 2 figures. Accepted for publication on Physical Review D: references added, typos corrected, test polished
Bounding the benefit of adaptivity in quantum metrology using the relative fidelity
Creators: name: Pereira, Jason L.
name: Banchi, Leonardo
name: Pirandola, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Protocols for discriminating between a pair of channels or for estimating a channel parameter can often be aided by adaptivity or by entanglement between the probe states. This can make it difficult to bound the best possible performance for such protocols. In this paper, we introduce a quantity that we call the relative fidelity of a given pair of channels and a pair of input states to those channels. Constraining the allowed input states to all pairs of states whose fidelity is greater than some minimum "input fidelity" and minimising this quantity over the valid pairs of states, we get the minimum relative fidelity for that input fidelity constraint. We are then able to lower bound the fidelity between the possible output states of any protocol acting on one of two possible channels in terms of the minimum relative fidelity. This allows us to bound the performance of the most general, adaptive discrimination and parameter estimation protocols. By finding a continuity bound for the relative fidelity, we also provide a simple confirmation that the quantum Fisher information (QFI) of the output of an $N$-use protocol is no more than $N^2$ times the one-shot QFI.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures, supplementary files available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5498138. Similar to published version
Inverse Designed Extended Depth of Focus Meta-Optics for Broadband Imaging in the Visible
Creators: name: Bayati, Elyas
name: Pestourie, Raphael
name: Colburn, Shane
name: Lin, Zin
name: Johnson, Steven G.
name: Majumdar, Arka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an inverse-designed, high numerical aperture (~0.44), extended depth of focus (EDOF) meta-optic, which exhibit a lens-like point spread function (PSF). The EDOF meta-optic maintains a focusing efficiency comparable to that of a hyperboloid metalens throughout its depth of focus. Exploiting the extended depth of focus and computational post-processing, we demonstrate broadband imaging across the full visible spectrum using a 1 mm, f/1 meta-optic. Unlike other canonical EDOF meta-optics, characterized by phase masks such as a log-asphere or cubic function, our design exhibits a highly invariant PSF across ~290nm optical bandwidth, which leads to significantly improved image quality, as quantified by structural similarity metrics.
CORAL: Monte Carlo based global QSAR modelling of Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors using hybrid descriptors
Creators: name: Ahmadi, S.
name: Lotfi, S.
name: Afshari, S.
name: Kumar, P.
name: Ghasemi, E.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Plant Biology

description: Global QSAR modelling was performed to predict the pIC50 values of 233 diverse heterocyclic compounds as BTK inhibitors with the Monte Carlo algorithm of CORAL software using the DCW hybrid descriptors extracted from SMILES notations of molecules. The dataset of 233 BTK inhibitors was randomly split into training, invisible training, calibration and validation sets. The index of ideality of correlation was also applied to build and judge the predictability of the QSAR models. Eight global QSAR models based on the hybrid optimal descriptor using two target functions, i.e. TF1 (WIIC = 0) and TF2 (WIIC = 0.2) have been constructed. The statistical parameters of QSAR models computed by TF2 are more reliable and robust and were used to predict the pIC50 values. The model constructed for split 4 via TF2 is regarded as the best model and the numerical values of r2Train, r2Valid, Q2Train and Q2Valid are equal to 0.7981, 0.7429, 0.7898 and 0.6784, respectively. By internal and external validation techniques, the predictability and reliability of the designed models have been assessed. The structural attributes responsible for the increase and decrease of pIC50 of BTK inhibitors were also identified.
Prospects for making polar molecules with microwave fields
Creators: name: Kotochigova, Svetlana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new mechanism to produce ultracold polar molecules with microwave fields. The proposed mechanism converts trapped ultracold atoms of different species into vibrationally excited molecules by a single microwave transition and entirely depends on the existence of a permanent dipole moment in the molecules. As opposed to production of molecules by photoassociation or magnetic-field Feshbach resonances our method does not rely on the structure and lifetime of excited states or existence of Feshbach resonances. In addition, we determine conditions for optimal creation of polar molecules in vibrationally excited states of the ground-state potential by changing frequency and intensity of the microwave field. We also explore the possibility to produce vibrationally cold molecules by combining the microwave field with an optical Raman transition or by applying a microwave field to Feshbach molecules. The production mechanism is illustrated for two polar molecules: KRb and RbCs.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
The role of vision in Les caracteres
Creators: name: Brown, Margaret Ellen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Les Caracteres ou les moeurs de ce siecle, written by Jean de La Bruyere at the twilight of the seventeenth century has been both hailed as a brilliant study of human nature and dismissed as the malicious revenge of a jealous court figure. Such variety in criticism is to be expected of an author who, by painting precise portraits of members of his society, illuminates the depths to which human nature has fallen in a decadent age of material opulence, social frivolity and moral debility. What Jean de La Bruyere presents is man's relationship with his peers rather than with himself as did Pascal. This study examines the vast tableau of the observers and the observed whose very existence depends on seeing and being seen. It highlights the author's skillful depiction of the members of society who spend much of their time watching each other: examining, scrutinizing, judging, mocking, condemning and imitating. Visual references and vocabulary such as the verbs of seeing ("voir", "remarquer", "observer", "paraitre") and nouns of sight ("yeux", "oeil", "vue") abound in the text and are included as Appendix A as extensive textual evidence of the self-reflective nature of La Bruyere's society. This study examines the visual aspects of the social relationships of the textual heroes, the visual bonds between the King and his court, the optique of the author as astute observer of men and perceptive judge of the psychological significance of the visible, and the moral implications of the prominence of the "act of seeing" in society.
D6.2 ASTEP Storage system and Test Results
Creators: name: Solano, Juan Pedro
name: Muñoz Cámara, José
name: Zitouni, Ridha
name: Baldisserri, Laurent Pieyre Julien
name: Solano, Miguel Ángel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This deliverable presents a comprehensive description of the thermal energy store and the test rig built at Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena. The procedures developed for commissioning the test rig and preparing the PCM mixture are detailed extensively. Finally, key experimental results obtained during melting and solidification cycles for all three accumulators are presented.
Dynamics of Dense Cores in the Perseus Molecular Cloud
Creators: name: Kirk, Helen
name: Johnstone, Doug
name: Tafalla, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We survey the kinematics of over one hundred and fifty candidate (and potentially star-forming) dense cores in the Perseus molecular cloud with pointed N2H+(1-0) and simultaneous C18O(2-1) observations. Our detection rate of N2H+ is 62%, rising to 84% for JCMT SCUBA-selected targets. In agreement with previous observations, we find that the dense N2H+ targets tend to display nearly thermal linewidths, particularly those which appear to be starless (using Spitzer data), indicating turbulent support on the small scales of molecular clouds is minimal. For those N2H+ targets which have an associated SCUBA dense core, we find their internal motions are more than sufficient to provide support against the gravitational force on the cores. Comparison of the N2H+ integrated intensity and SCUBA flux reveals fractional N2H+ abundances between 10^-10 and 10^-9. We demonstrate that the relative motion of the dense N2H+ gas and the surrounding C18O gas is less than the sound speed in the vast majority of cases (~90%). The point-to-point motions we observe within larger extinction regions appear to be insufficient to provide support against gravity, although we sparsely sample these regions.
description: 49 pages, 20 figures. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Few-Shot Keyword Spotting in Any Language
Creators: name: Mazumder, Mark
name: Banbury, Colby
name: Meyer, Josh
name: Warden, Pete
name: Reddi, Vijay Janapa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We introduce a few-shot transfer learning method for keyword spotting in any language. Leveraging open speech corpora in nine languages, we automate the extraction of a large multilingual keyword bank and use it to train an embedding model. With just five training examples, we fine-tune the embedding model for keyword spotting and achieve an average F1 score of 0.75 on keyword classification for 180 new keywords unseen by the embedding model in these nine languages. This embedding model also generalizes to new languages. We achieve an average F1 score of 0.65 on 5-shot models for 260 keywords sampled across 13 new languages unseen by the embedding model. We investigate streaming accuracy for our 5-shot models in two contexts: keyword spotting and keyword search. Across 440 keywords in 22 languages, we achieve an average streaming keyword spotting accuracy of 87.4% with a false acceptance rate of 4.3%, and observe promising initial results on keyword search.
Photoemission Spectroscopic Evidence of Multiple Dirac Cones in Superconducting BaSn$_3$
Creators: name: Huang, Z.
name: Shi, X. B.
name: Zhang, G. N.
name: Liu, Z. T.
name: Cho, Soohyun
name: Jiang, Z. C.
name: Liu, Z. H.
name: Liu, J. S.
name: Lu, X. L.
name: Yang, Y. C.
name: Xia, W.
name: Zhao, W. W.
name: Guo, Y. F.
name: Shen, D. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The signatures of topological superconductivity (TSC) in the superconducting materials with topological nontrivial states prompt intensive researches recently. Utilizing high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and first-principles calculations, we demonstrate multiple Dirac fermions and surface states in superconductor BaSn$_3$ with a critical transition temperature of about 4.4 K. We predict and then unveil the existence of two pairs of type-\uppercase\expandafter{\romannumeral1} topological Dirac fermions residing on the rotational axis. Type-\uppercase\expandafter{\romannumeral2} Dirac fermions protected by screw axis are confirmed in the same compound. Further calculation for the spin helical texture of the observed surface states originating from the Dirac fermions give an opportunity for realization of TSC in one single material. Hosting multiple Dirac fermions and topological surface states, the intrinsic superconductor BaSn$_3$ is expected to be a new platform for further investigation of the topological quantum materials as well as TSC.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Length functions exponentially distorted on subgroups of complex Lie groups
Creators: name: Aristov, Oleg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce a notion of a length function exponentially distorted on a (compactly generated) subgroup of a locally compact group. We prove that for a connected linear complex Lie group there is a maximum equivalence class of length functions exponentially distorted on a normal integral subgroup lying between the exponential and nilpotent radicals. Moreover, a function in this class admits an asymptotic decomposition similar to that previously found by the author for word length functions, i.e., in the case of exponential radical [J. Lie Theory 29:4, 1045--1070, 2019]. In the general case we use auxiliary length functions constructed via holomorphic homomorphisms to Banach PI-algebras.
description: version 4
Considering non-locality in the optical potentials within eikonal models
Creators: name: Hebborn, Chloë
name: Nunes, Filomena M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Background: For its simplicity, the eikonal method is the tool of choice to analyze nuclear reactions at high energies ($E>100$ MeV/nucleon), including knockout reactions. However, so far, the effective interactions used in this method are assumed to be fully local. Purpose: Given the recent studies on non-local optical potentials, in this work we assess whether non-locality in the optical potentials is expected to impact reactions at high energies and then explore different avenues for extending the eikonal method to include non-local interactions. Method: We compare angular distributions obtained for non-local interactions (using the exact R-matrix approach for elastic scattering and the adiabatic distorted wave approximation for transfer) with those obtained using their local-equivalent interactions. Results: Our results show that transfer observables are significantly impacted by non-locality in the high-energy regime. Because knockout reactions are dominated by stripping (transfer to inelastic channels), non-locality is expected to have a large effect on knockout observables too. Three approaches are explored for extending the eikonal method to non-local interactions, including an iterative method and a perturbation theory. Conclusions: None of the derived extensions of the eikonal model provide a good description of elastic scattering. This work suggests that non-locality removes the formal simplicity associated with the eikonal model.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Surface-plasmon properties of noble metals with exotic phases
Creators: name: Orhan, Okan K.
name: Ponga, Mauricio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Noble-metal nanoparticles have been the industry standard for plasmonic applications due to their highly populated plasmon generations. Despite their remarkable plasmonic performance, their widespread use in plasmonic applications is commonly hindered due to limitations on the available laser sources and relatively low operating temperatures needed to retain mechanical strength in these materials. Motivated by recent experimental works, in which exotic hexagonal-closed-packed (HCP) phases have been identified in gold (Au), silver (Ag) and copper (Cu), we present the plasmonic performance of two HCP polytypes in these materials using high-accuracy first-principles simulations. The isolated HCP phases commonly reach thermal and mechanical stability at high temperatures due to monotonically decreasing Gibbs free energy differences compared to the face-centered cubic (FCC) phases. We find that several of these polytypes are harder and produce bulk plasmons at lower energies with comparable lifetimes than their conventional FCC counterparts. It also leads to the localized surface-plasmon resonance (LSPR) in perfectly spherical HCP-phased nanoparticles, embedded onto dielectric matrices, at substantially lower energies with comparable lifetimes to their FCC counterparts. LSPR peak locations and lifetimes can be tuned by controlling the operational temperature, the dielectric permittivity of hosting matrix and the grain size. Our work suggests that noble-metal nanoparticles can be tailored to develop exotic HCP phases to obtain novel plasmonic properties.
description: 21 pages and 10 figures in the main text. 16 pages and 6 figures in the Supporting Information
Decomposition of the algebra of analytic functionals on a connected complex Lie group and its completions into iterated analytic smash products
Creators: name: Aristov, Oleg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that a decomposition of a complex Lie group $G$ into a semidirect product generates that of the algebra of analytic functional, ${\mathscr A}(G)$, into an analytic smash product in the sense of Pirkovskii. Also we find sufficient conditions for a semidirect product to generate similar decompositions of certain Arens-Michael completions of ${\mathscr A}(G)$. The main result: if $G$ is connected, then its linearization admits a decomposition into an iterated semidirect product (with the composition series consisting of abelian factors and a semisimple factor) that induces a decomposition of algebras in a class of completions of ${\mathscr A}(G)$ into iterated analytic smash products. Considering the extreme cases, the envelope of ${\mathscr A}(G)$ in the class of all Banach algebras (aka the Arens-Michael envelope) and the envelope in the class Banach PI-algebras (a new concept that is introduced in this article), we decompose, in particular, these envelopes into iterated analytic smash products.
description: version 5 (in Russian); v.3: Sections 1,2 and 3 are rewritten, Ths 6.3 and 6.5 are corrected
Precision luminosity measurement in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016 at CMS
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The measurement of the luminosity recorded by the CMS detector installed at LHC interaction point 5, using proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016, is reported. The absolute luminosity scale is measured for individual bunch crossings using beam-separation scans (the van der Meer method), with a relative precision of 1.3% and 1.0% in 2015 and 2016, respectively. The dominant sources of uncertainty are related to residual differences between the measured beam positions and the ones provided by the operational settings of the LHC magnets, the factorizability of the proton bunch spatial density functions in the coordinates transverse to the beam direction, and the modeling of the effect of electromagnetic interactions among protons in the colliding bunches. When applying the van der Meer calibration to the entire run periods, the integrated luminosities when CMS was fully operational are 2.27 and 36.3 fb$^{-1}$ in 2015 and 2016, with a relative precision of 1.6% and 1.2%, respectively. These are among the most precise luminosity measurements at bunched-beam hadron colliders.
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/LUM-17-003 (CMS Public Pages)
Neon Abundances from a Spitzer/IRS Survey of Wolf-Rayet Stars
Creators: name: Ignace, R
name: Cassinelli, J P
name: Tracy, G
name: Churchwell, E B
name: Lamers, H J G L M
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on neon abundances derived from {\it Spitzer} high resolution spectral data of eight Wolf-Rayet (WR) stars using the forbidden line of [\ion{Ne}{3}] 15.56 microns. Our targets include four WN stars of subtypes 4--7, and four WC stars of subtypes 4--7. We derive ion fraction abundances $γ$ of Ne^{2+} for the winds of each star. The ion fraction abundance is a product of the ionization fraction $Q_{\rm i}$ in stage i and the abundance by number ${\cal A}_E$ of element E relative to all nuclei. Values generally consistent with solar are obtained for the WN stars, and values in excess of solar are obtained for the WC stars.
description: to appear in Astrophysical Journal
A characterization of graphs with at most four boundary vertices
Creators: name: Chiem, Nick
name: Dudarov, William
name: Lee, Chris
name: Lee, Sean
name: Liu, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C69, 31E05

description: Steinerberger defined a notion of boundary for a graph and established a corresponding isoperimetric inquality. Hence, "large" graphs have more boundary vertices. In this paper, we first characterize graphs with three boundary vertices in terms of two infinite families of graphs. We then completely characterize graphs with four boundary vertices in terms of eight families of graphs, five of which are infinite. This parallels earlier work by Hasegawa and Saito as well as Müller, Pór, and Sereni on another notion of boundary defined by Chartrand, Erwin, Johns, and Zhang.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures
Few-to-many vortex states of density-angular-momentum coupled Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Edmonds, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent experiments, we theoretically study a gas of atomic bosons confined in an elliptical harmonic trap; forming a quasi-two-dimensional atomic Bose-Einstein condensate subject to a density-dependent gauge potential which realises an effective density-angular-momentum coupling. We present exact Thomas-Fermi solutions which allows us to identify the stable regimes of the full parameter space of the model. Accompanying numerical simulations reveal the effect of the interplay of the rigid body and density-angular-momentum coupling for the elliptically confined condensate. By varying the strength of the gauge potential and trap anisotropy we explore how the superfluid state emerges in different experimentally accessible geometries, while for large rotation strengths dense vortex lattices and concentric vortex ring arrangements are obtained.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures
Hydrodynamics of small transient brightenings in Solar corona
Creators: name: Rajhans, Abhishek
name: Tripathi, Durgesh
name: Kashyap, Vinay L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Small scale transients occur in the Solar corona at much higher frequencies than flares and play a significant role in coronal dynamics. Here we study three well-identified transients discovered by Hi-C and also detected by the EUV channels of Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) on board Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO). We use 0-D enthalpy-based hydrodynamical simulations and produce synthetic light curves to compare with AIA observations. We have modeled these transients as loops of ~ 1.0~Mm length depositing energies ~ 10^23 ergs in ~ 50 seconds. The simulated synthetic light curves show reasonable agreement with the observed light curves. During the initial phase, conduction flux from the corona dominates over the radiation, like impulsive flaring events. Our results further show that the time-integrated net enthalpy flux is positive, hence into the corona. The fact that we can model the observed light curves of these transients reasonably well by using the same physics as those for nanoflares, microflares, and large flares, suggests that these transients may have a common origin.
description: Published in ApJ, 16 pages, 13 figures, and 3 tables
Coexistence of vortex arrays and surface capillary waves in spinning prolate superfluid He-4 nanodroplets
Creators: name: Pi, M.
name: Escartin, J. M.
name: Ancilotto, F.
name: Barranco, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within Density Functional Theory, we have studied the interplay between vortex arrays and capillary waves in spinning prolate He-4 droplets made of several thousands of helium atoms. Surface capillary waves are ubiquitous in prolate superfluid He-4 droplets and, depending on the size and angular momentum of the droplet, they may coexist with vortex arrays. We have found that the equilibrium configuration of small prolate droplets is vortex-free, evolving towards vortex-hosting as the droplet size increases. This result is in agreement with a recent experiment [S.M. O'Connell et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 124, 215301 (2020)], where it has been disclosed that vortex arrays and capillary waves coexist in the equilibrium configuration of very large drops. Contrarily to viscous droplets executing rigid body rotation, the stability phase diagram of spinning He-4 droplets cannot be universally described in terms of dimensionless angular momentum and angular velocity variables: instead, the rotational properties of superfluid helium droplets display a clear dependence on the droplet size and the number of vortices they host.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures