cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A fuzzy goal programming model for time, cost, and quality trade-off problem in metro construction projects considering sustainable development
Creators: name: Hashemi, Reza
name: Shahbandarzadeh, Hamid
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: When it comes to sustainable development in a country, transportation plays a significant role. It goes without saying that among various modes of transportation, metro has obtained an outstanding place in the intra-city transportation sector. Thus, accurately assessing the development condition of the urban metro system is inevitable to achieve its sustainable development. Given the importance of this issue, the main purpose of this study is to apply a new fuzzy model to the trade-offs of time, cost, and quality when planning metro construction projects to help achieve sustainable development. This model focuses on three pillars of sustainability: social, economic, and environmental. The research methodology used in this study is a survey and mathematical modelling. For this purpose, a new fuzzy goal programming model is developed. Finally, the model’s efficiency is investigated using sensitivity analysis. For decision-makers, the proposed model provides highly useful results. They are able to fulfil the social and environmental pillars of sustainable development by significantly reducing the completion time and improving the quality of the project. Moreover, by controlling the increase in costs, they can meet the economic pillar. The presented model provides appropriate answers to the problem by the scenarios considered by project managers.
The impact of encounters on the members of Local Group Analogs. A view from GALEX
Creators: name: Buson, L. M.
name: Bettoni, D.
name: Bianchi, L.
name: Buzzoni, A.
name: Marino, A.
name: Rampazzo, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The bright galaxy population of the Local Group Analog (LGA) LGG 225 has been imaged with the Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) through its Far- and Near-UV wavebands. A significant fraction of the group members appear to underwent recent/on-going interaction episodes that strongly disturbed overall galaxy morphology. UV-bright regions, sites of intense star formation activity accompanied by intense dust extinction, mark the galaxy outskirts forming irregular structures and tails. Compared to the Local Group, LGG 225 seems thus to be experiencing a more intense and active evolutionary phase.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, Proceedings of the conference:"New Quests in Stellar Astrophysics II: The Ultraviolet Properties of Evolved Stellar Populations", Puerto Vallarta, Mexico, April 2007
title: Das Projekt DEAL
Creators: name: Hippler, Horst
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Mission: Im Rahmen des Projekts DEAL wird das Ziel verfolgt, bundesweite Lizenzverträge für das gesamte Portfolio elektronischer Zeitschriften (E-Journals) großer Wissenschaftsverlage abzuschließen. Dabei wird eine signifikante Änderung gegenüber dem gegenwärtigen [zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: Jahrestagung der Arbeitsgemeinschaft für medizinisches Bibliothekswesen (AGMB)
Light clusters in warm stellar matter: calibrating the cluster couplings
Creators: name: Custódio, Tiago
name: Falcão, Alexandre
name: Pais, Helena
name: Providência, Constança
name: Gulminelli, Francesca
name: Röpke, Gerd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The abundances of light clusters within a formalism that considers in-medium effects are calculated using several relativistic mean-field models, with both density-dependent and density-independent couplings. Clusters are introduced as new quasiparticles, with a modified coupling to the scalar meson field. A comparison with experimental data from heavy ion collisions allows settling the model dependence of the results and the determination of the couplings of the light clusters to the meson fields. We find that extra experimental constraints at higher density are needed to convincingly pin down the density associated to the melting of clusters in the dense nuclear medium. The role of neutron rich clusters, such as $^6$He, in asymmetric matter is discussed.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, and 1 table; accepted for publication in the EPJA Topical Issue "Light Clusters in Nuclei and Nuclear Matter: Nuclear Structure and Decay, Heavy Ion Collisions, and Astrophysics"
The hard-shelled mussel Mytilus coruscus gene models, annotatins and related files of the whole genome.
Creators: name: Dandan, Feng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 70401 Aquaculture
subject: FOS: Agriculture, forestry and fisheries

description: Mco_evm_screened.cds contained the whole genome gene sequences; Mco_evm_screened.gff contained the gene sequence information on genome; Mco_evm_screened.pep contained the potential protein sequence.
Data manipulation and omission in 'Quantized Majorana conductance', Zhang et al, Nature 2018
Creators: name: Frolov, Sergey
name: Mourik, Vincent
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Majorana

description: On November 24th 2019 we received from one of the authors of the now retracted 'Quantized Majorana Conductance' paper in Nature a pdf file with experimental notebook-quality data. Within this pdf file, we found data that appear to contradict the central claim of the paper. We have found that the original source experimental data may have been manipulated, namely cut, as well as cut out and pasted together. Furthermore, entire datasets that contradict the central claim of the Nature paper were suppressed. Our analysis was carried out between December 2019 and March 2020. We are able to publish our analysis now, in March 2021, after the authors of the Nature paper have finalized their retraction and deposited data from their experiment in full on Zenodo.
Tuning the structure of Skyrmion lattice system Cu2OSeO3 under pressure
Creators: name: Pal, Srishti
name: Malavi, Pallavi
name: Chaturvedi, Shashank
name: Das, Subhadip
name: Karmakar, S.
name: Muthu, D. V. S.
name: Waghmare, Umesh V.
name: Sood, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The insulating ferrimagnet Cu2OSeO3 shows a rich variety of phases such as skyrmion lattice and helical magnetism controlled by interplay of different exchange interactions which can be tuned by external pressure. In this work we have investigated pressure-induced phase transitions at room temperature using synchrotron based x- ray diffraction and Raman scattering measurements. With first-principles theoretical analysis, we show that spin-spin exchange couplings in the ambient cubic phase are affected notably by hydrostatic pressure. The ambient cubic phase transforms to a monoclinic phase above 7 GPa and then to the triclinic phase above 11 GPa. Emergence of new phonon modes in the Raman spectra confirms these structural phase transitions. Notably, upon decompression, the crystal undergoes transition to a new monoclinic structure. Atomic coordinates have been refined in the low pressure cubic phase to capture the Cu-tetrahedra evolution responsible for the earlier reported magnetic behavior under pressure. Our experiments will motivate further studies of its emergent magnetic behavior under pressure.
description: Submitted to peer-reviewed journal on 18th June,2020. 21 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables
Large-Volume Flux Compactifications: Moduli Spectrum and D3/D7 Soft Supersymmetry Breaking
Creators: name: Conlon, Joseph P.
name: Quevedo, Fernando
name: Suruliz, Kerim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an explicit calculation of the spectrum of a general class of string models, corresponding to Calabi-Yau flux compactifications with h_{1,2}>h_{1,1}>1 with leading perturbative and non-perturbative corrections, in which all geometric moduli are stabilised as in hep-th/0502058. The volume is exponentially large, leading to a range of string scales from the Planck mass to the TeV scale, realising for the first time the large extra dimensions scenario in string theory. We provide a general analysis of the relevance of perturbative and non-perturbative effects and the regime of validity of the effective field theory. We compute the spectrum in the moduli sector finding a hierarchy of masses depending on inverse powers of the volume. We also compute soft supersymmetry breaking terms for particles living on D3 and D7 branes. We find a hierarchy of soft terms corresponding to `volume dominated' F-term supersymmetry breaking. F-terms for Kahler moduli dominate both those for dilaton and complex structure moduli and D-terms or other de Sitter lifting terms. This is the first class of string models in which soft supersymmetry breaking terms are computed after fixing all geometric moduli. We outline several possible applications of our results, both for cosmology and phenomenology and point out the differences with the less generic KKLT vacua.
description: 64 pages, 4 figures; v2. references added; v3. typos, reference added, matches published version
Observation of gravitational waves by light polarization
Creators: name: Park, Chan
name: Kim, Dong-Hoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide analysis to determine the effects of gravitational waves on electromagnetic waves, using perturbation theory in general relativity. Our analysis is performed in a completely covariant manner without invoking any coordinates. For a given observer, in the geometrical-optics approximation, we work out the perturbations of the phase, amplitude, frequency and polarization properties--axes of ellipse and ellipticity of light, due to gravitational waves. With regard to the observation of gravitational waves, we discuss the measurement of Stokes parameters, through which the antenna patterns are presented to show the detectability of the gravitational wave signals.
Effects of Government Programs on Sorghum Production Costs and Returns, 1990
Creators: name: Brooks, Nora L.
name: Brooks, Nora L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Crop Production/Industries
Production Economics

description: Net returns after cash expenses increase from $22.27 to $43.27 per planted acre of grain sorghum in 1990 when the direct effects of programs are included in the estimates, and net returns after cash expenses and capital replacement costs increase from -$0.48 to $18.69. Total cash expenses increase from $95.03 to $99.86 per planted acre, and economic costs from $164.15 to $174.07. Generally, 70 percent of sorghum producers participate in Government programs. Program participants must put some of their land (10 percent in 1990) into conserving-use acres and must incur costs to plant at least half the set-aside acreage in an annual or perennial cover, except in arid areas.
Properties and influence of microstructure and crystal defects in Fe$_2$VAl modified by laser surface remelting
Creators: name: Gomell, Leonie
name: Roscher, Moritz
name: Bishara, Hanna
name: Jägle, Eric
name: Scheu, Christina
name: Gault, Baptiste
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Laser surface remelting can be used to manipulate the microstructure of cast material. Here, we present a detailed analysis of the microstructure of Fe$_2$VAl following laser surface remelting. Within the melt pool, elongated grains grow nearly epitaxially from the heat-affected zone. These grains are separated by low-angle grain boundaries with 1°-5° misorientations. Segregation of vanadium, carbon, and nitrogen at grain boundaries and dislocations is observed using atom probe tomography. The local electrical resistivity was measured by an in-situ four-point-probe technique. A smaller increase in electrical resistivity is observed at these low-angle grain boundaries compared to high-angle grain boundaries in a cast sample. This indicates that grain boundary engineering could potentially be used to manipulate thermoelectric properties.
Mixing-demixing transition in one-dimensional boson-fermion mixtures
Creators: name: Takeuchi, Yousuke
name: Mori, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mixing-demixing transitions in one-dimensional mixtures of fermions and bosons are numerically investigated. With Monte Carlo simulations, we searched the transitions by changing various parameters such as number densities of each component, fermion-boson interactions, boson-boson interactions, and hopping energies. In most cases we found clear evidences of the mixing-demixing transitions. We also identified the roles of each microscopic parameter in the transitions.
Geometric Constraints on Two-electron Reduced Density Matrices
Creators: name: Li, Yimin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For many-electron systems, the second-order reduced density matrix (2-RDM) provides sufficient information for characterizing their properties of interests in physics and chemistry, ranging from total energy, magnetism, quantum correlation and entanglement to long-range orders. Theoretical prediction of the structural properties of 2-RDM is an essential endeavor in quantum chemistry, condensed matter physics and, more recently, in quantum computation. Since 1960s, enormous progresses have been made in developing RDM-based electronic structure theories and their large-scale computational applications in predicting molecular structure and mechanical, electrical and optical properties of various materials. However, for strongly correlated systems, such as high-temperature superconductors, transition-metal-based biological catalysts and complex chemical bonds near dissociation limit, accurate approximation is still out of reach by currently most sophisticated approaches. This limitation highlights the elusive structural feature of 2-RDM that determines quantum correlation in many-electron system. Here, we present a set of constraints on 2-RDM based on the basic geometric property of Hilbert space and the commutation relations of operators. Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the pronounced violation of these constraints by the variational 2-RDMs. It is shown that, for a strongly correlated model system, the constraint violation may be responsible for a considerable portion of the variational error in ground state energy. Our findings provide new insights into the structural subtlety of many-electron 2-RDMs.
description: 20 pages, 3 figures
The heavy traffic limit of an unbalanced generalized processor sharing model
Creators: name: Ramanan, Kavita
name: Reiman, Martin I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60F05, 60F17 (Primary); 60K25, 90B22, 68M20 (Secondary)

description: This work considers a server that processes $J$ classes using the generalized processor sharing discipline with base weight vector $α=(α_1,...,α_J)$ and redistribution weight vector $β=(β_1,...,β_J)$. The invariant manifold $\mathcal{M}$ of the so-called fluid limit associated with this model is shown to have the form $\mathcal{M}=\{x\in\mathbb{R}_+^J:x_j=0 for j\in\mathcal{S}\}$, where $\mathcal{S}$ is the set of strictly subcritical classes, which is identified explicitly in terms of the vectors $α$ and $β$ and the long-run average work arrival rates $γ_j$ of each class $j$. In addition, under general assumptions, it is shown that when the heavy traffic condition $\sum_{j=1}^Jγ_j=\sum_{j=1}^Jα_j$ holds, the functional central limit of the scaled unfinished work process is a reflected diffusion process that lies in $\mathcal{M}$. The reflected diffusion limit is characterized by the so-called extended Skorokhod map and may fail to be a semimartingale. This generalizes earlier results obtained for the simpler, balanced case where $γ_j=α_j$ for $j=1,...,J$, in which case $\mathcal{M}=\mathbb{R}_+^J$ and there is no state-space collapse. Standard techniques for obtaining diffusion approximations cannot be applied in the unbalanced case due to the particular structure of the GPS model. Along the way, this work also establishes a comparison principle for solutions to the extended Skorokhod map associated with this model, which may be of independent interest.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/07-AAP438 the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Single-shot readout of a driven hybrid qubit in a GaAs double quantum dot
Creators: name: Jang, Wonjin
name: Cho, Min-Kyun
name: Jang, Hyeongyu
name: Kim, Jehyun
name: Park, Jaemin
name: Kim, Gyeonghun
name: Kang, Byoungwoo
name: Jung, Hwanchul
name: Umansky, Vladimir
name: Kim, Dohun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a single-shot-based projective readout of a semiconductor hybrid qubit formed by three electrons in a GaAs double quantum dot. Voltage-controlled adiabatic transitions between the qubit operations and readout conditions allow high-fidelity mapping of quantum states. We show that a large ratio both in relaxation time vs. tunneling time (~ 50) and singlet-triplet splitting vs. thermal energy (~ 20) allow energy-selective tunneling-based spin-to-charge conversion with readout visibility ~ 92.6%. Combined with ac driving, we demonstrate high visibility coherent Rabi and Ramsey oscillations of a hybrid qubit in GaAs. Further, we discuss the generality of the method for use in other materials, including silicon.
Seeing Darkness: the New Cosmology
Creators: name: Linder, Eric V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present some useful ways to visualize the nature of dark energy and the effects of the accelerating expansion on cosmological quantities. Expansion probes such as Type Ia supernovae distances and growth probes such as weak gravitational lensing and the evolution of large scale structure provide powerful tests in complementarity. We present a ``ladder'' diagram, showing that in addition to dramatic improvements in precision, next generation probes will provide insight through an increasing ability to test assumptions of the cosmological framework, including gravity beyond general relativity.
description: plenary talk at TAUP2005; to appear in Journal of Physics; 7 pages
On the absorption spectrum of noble gases at the arc spectrum limit
Creators: name: Fano, Ugo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rydberg spectral lines of an atom are sometimes superimposed on the continuous spectrum of a different configuration. Effects of interaction among different configurations in one of these cases are theoretically investigated, and a formula is obtained that describes the behavior of absorption spectrum intensity. This offers qualitative justification of some experimental results obtained by BEUTLER in studies of absorption arc spectra of noble gases and $I^b$ spectra of some metal vapors.
description: A translation edited by Guido Pupillo, Alberto Zannoni, and Charles W. Clark
Simultaneous memory effects in the stress and in the dielectric susceptibility of a stretched polymer glass
Creators: name: Hem, J.
name: Crauste-Thibierge, C.
name: Florence, Clement
name: Long, D.
name: Ciliberto, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report experimental evidence that a polymer stretched at constant strain rate $\dotλ$ presents complex memory effects after that $\dotλ$ is set to zero at a specific strain $λ_w$ for a duration $t_w$, ranging from $100$s to $ 2.2\times10^5$s. When the strain rate is resumed, both the stress and the dielectric constant relax to the unperturbed state non monotonically. The relaxations depend on the observable, on $λ_w$ and on $t_w$. Relaxation master curves are obtained by scaling the relaxation time as $t/\ln (t_w)$. The dielectric evolution also captures the distribution of the relaxation times, so the results impose strong constraints on the relaxation models of polymers under stress and they can be useful for a better understanding of memory effects in other disorder materials.
Model of Wealth and Goods Dynamics in a Closed Market
Creators: name: Ausloos, Marcel
name: Pekalski, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple computer simulation model of a closed market on a fixed network with free flow of goods and money is introduced. The model contains only two variables : the amount of goods and money beside the size of the system. An initially flat distribution of both variables is presupposed. We show that under completely random rules, i.e. through the choice of interacting agent pairs on the network and of the exchange rules that the market stabilizes in time and shows diversification of money and goods. We also indicate that the difference between poor and rich agents increases for small markets, as well as for systems in which money is steadily deduced from the market through taxation.
description: 8 figures;23 references; submitted to Physica A
Symmetry-protected Nodal Points and Nodal Lines in Magnetic Materials
Creators: name: Yang, Jian
name: Fang, Chen
name: Liu, Zheng-Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nodal-point and Nodal-line structures in the dispersion of electron energy bands are characterized by their high degeneracy in certain corners or lines in the Brillouin zone (BZ). These nodal structures can also exist in the dispersion of itinerant electrons in magnetically ordered materials whose symmetry groups are anti-unitary groups called the magnetic space groups. In the present work, we provide a complete list of magnetic space groups which can host symmetry-protected nodal-point/line band structures for spin-1/2 fermionic particles, where the degeneracies at the nodal points/lines are guaranteed by irreducible projective representations (IPReps) of the little co-groups. Our discussion is restricted to the magnetic space groups whose magnetic point group contains the space-time inversion operation $\tilde T=\mathcal IT$, the combined operation of spacial inversion $\mathcal I$ and time reversal $T$, such that the energy bands are at least doubly-degenerate at arbitrary points in the BZ. For these magnetic point groups we provide the invariants to label the classes of projective Reps, and for each class we calculate all the inequivalent IPReps. From the results we select out all the groups and the corresponding Rep classes which support high-dimensional ($d\geq$4) IPReps. We then list the magnetic space groups and their high symmetry points/lines whose little co-groups have high-dimensional ($d\geq$4) IPReps with the corresponding factor systems. Examples of candidate materials are discussed.
Spin-wave dynamics and symmetry breaking in an artificial spin ice
Creators: name: Saha, Susmita
name: Zhou, Jingyuan
name: Hofhuis, Kevin
name: Kákay, Attila
name: Scagnoli, Valerio
name: Heyderman, Laura J.
name: Gliga, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Artificial spin ices are periodic arrangements of interacting nanomagnets successfully used to investigate emergent phenomena in the presence of geometric frustration. Recently, it has been shown that artificial spin ices can be used as building blocks for creating functional materials, such as magnonic crystals, and support a large number of programmable magnetic states. We investigate the magnetization dynamics in a system exhibiting anisotropic magnetostatic interactions owing to locally broken structural inversion symmetry. We find a rich spin-wave spectrum and investigate its evolution in an external magnetic field. We determine the evolution of individual modes, from building blocks up to larger arrays, highlighting the role of symmetry breaking in defining the mode profiles. Moreover, we demonstrate that the mode spectra exhibit signatures of long-range interactions in the system. These results contribute to the understanding of magnetization dynamics in spin ices beyond the kagome and square ice geometries and are relevant for the realization of reconfigurable magnonic crystals based on spin ices.
Implementation of the Backlund transformations for the Ablowitz-Ladik hierarchy
Creators: name: Vekslerchik, V. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The derivation of the Backlund transformations (BTs) is a standard problem of the theory of the integrable systems. Here, I discuss the equations describing the BTs for the Ablowitz-Ladik hierarchy (ALH), which have been already obtained by several authors. The main aim of this work is to solve these equations. This can be done in the framework of the so-called functional representation of the ALH, when an infinite number of the evolutionary equations are replaced, using the Miwa's shifts, with a few equations linking tau-functions with different arguments. It is shown that starting from these equations it is possible to obtain explicit solutions of the BT equations. In other words, the main result of this work is a presentation of the discrete BTs as a superposition of an infinite number of evolutionary flows of the hierarchy. These results are used to derive the superposition formulae for the BTs as well as pure soliton solutions.
description: 20 pages
Quantum Zeno stabilization in weak continuous measurement of two qubits
Creators: name: Ruskov, Rusko
name: Korotkov, Alexander N.
name: Mizel, Ari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied quantum coherent oscillations of two qubits under continuous measurement by a symmetrically coupled mesoscopic detector. The analysis is based on a Bayesian formalism that is applicable to individual quantum systems. Measurement continuously collapses the two-qubit system to one of the sub-spaces of the Bell basis. For a detector with linear response this corresponds to measurement of the total spin of the qubits. In the other extreme of purely quadratic response the operator σ_y^1 σ_y^2 + σ_z^1 σ_z^2 is measured. In both cases, collapse naturally leads to spontaneous entanglement which can be identified by measurement of the power spectrum and/or the average current of the detector. Asymmetry between the two qubits results in evolution between the different measurement subspaces. However, when the qubits are even weakly coupled to the detector, a kind of quantum Zeno effect cancels the gradual evolution and replaces it with rare, abrupt switching events. We obtain the asymptotic switching rates for these events and confirm them with numerical simulations. We show how such switching affects the observable power spectrum on different time scales.
description: 18 pages, 8 eps figures, reference added
Dissipation measures in weakly-collisional plasmas
Creators: name: Pezzi, O.
name: Liang, H.
name: Juno, J. L.
name: Cassak, P. A.
name: Vasconez, C. L.
name: Sorriso-Valvo, L.
name: Perrone, D.
name: Servidio, S.
name: Roytershteyn, V.
name: TenBarge, J. M.
name: Matthaeus, W. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The physical foundations of the dissipation of energy and the associated heating in weakly collisional plasmas are poorly understood. Here, we compare and contrast several measures that have been used to characterize energy dissipation and kinetic-scale conversion in plasmas by means of a suite of kinetic numerical simulations describing both magnetic reconnection and decaying plasma turbulence. We adopt three different numerical codes that can also include interparticle collisions: the fully kinetic particle-in-cell VPIC, the fully kinetic continuum Gkeyll, and the Eulerian Hybrid Vlasov-Maxwell (HVM) code. We differentiate between (i) four energy-based parameters, whose definition is related to energy transfer in a fluid description of a plasma, and (ii) four distribution function-based parameters, requiring knowledge of the particle velocity distribution function. There is an overall agreement between the dissipation measures obtained in the PIC and continuum reconnection simulations, with slight differences due to the presence/absence of secondary islands in the two simulations. There are also many qualitative similarities between the signatures in the reconnection simulations and the self-consistent current sheets that form in turbulence, although the latter exhibits significant variations compared to the reconnection results. All the parameters confirm that dissipation occurs close to regions of intense magnetic stresses, thus exhibiting local correlation. The distribution function-based measures show a broader width compared to energy-based proxies, suggesting that energy transfer is co-localized at coherent structures, but can affect the particle distribution function in wider regions. The effect of interparticle collisions on these parameters is finally discussed.
description: Accepted for publication on MNRAS
Instantons and Matter in N=1/2 Supersymmetric Gauge Theory
Creators: name: Giombi, Simone
name: Ricci, Riccardo
name: Robles-Llana, Daniel
name: Trancanelli, Diego
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the instanton calculus for N=1/2 U(2) supersymmetric gauge theory by including one massless flavor. We write the equations of motion at leading order in the coupling constant and we solve them exactly in the non(anti)commutativity parameter C. The profile of the matter superfield is deformed through linear and quadratic corrections in C. Higher order corrections are absent because of the fermionic nature of the back-reaction. The instanton effective action, in addition to the usual 't Hooft term, includes a contribution of order C^2 and is N=1/2 invariant. We argue that the N=1 result for the gluino condensate is not modified by the presence of the new term in the effective action.
description: 33 pages, harvmac; v2: minor changes, added references; v3: added analysis of the instanton measure in section 9
Learning Thermodynamically Stable and Galilean Invariant Partial Differential Equations for Non-equilibrium Flows
Creators: name: Huang, Juntao
name: Ma, Zhiting
name: Zhou, Yizhou
name: Yong, Wen-An
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this work, we develop a method for learning interpretable, thermodynamically stable and Galilean invariant partial differential equations (PDEs) based on the Conservation-dissipation Formalism of irreversible thermodynamics. As governing equations for non-equilibrium flows in one dimension, the learned PDEs are parameterized by fully-connected neural networks and satisfy the conservation-dissipation principle automatically. In particular, they are hyperbolic balance laws and Galilean invariant. The training data are generated from a kinetic model with smooth initial data. Numerical results indicate that the learned PDEs can achieve good accuracy in a wide range of Knudsen numbers. Remarkably, the learned dynamics can give satisfactory results with randomly sampled discontinuous initial data and Sod's shock tube problem although it is trained only with smooth initial data.
LHC as a photon-photon collider: bounds on $Γ_{X\toγγ}$
Creators: name: Godunov, S. I.
name: Karkaryan, E. K.
name: Novikov, V. A.
name: Rozanov, A. N.
name: Vysotsky, M. I.
name: Zhemchugov, E. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the relatively recent CMS data, there is a hint on the existence of a resonance with the mass 28 GeV coupling to muons. Such a resonance should also couple to photons through the fermion loop, therefore it can be searched for in ultraperipheral collisions (UPC) of protons. We set an upper bound on the $X γγ$ coupling constant from the data on $μ^+ μ^-$ pair production in UPC at the LHC. Our approach can be used for similar resonances should they appear in the future.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, 1 table; version accepted for publication in Physical Review D
title: Die Rechercheplattform PubPharm
Creators: name: Draheim, Christina
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Die Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig betreut den deutschlandweiten Fachinformationsdienst (FID) Pharmazie in Kooperation mit dem Institut für Informationssysteme (IfIS) der TU Braunschweig. Der FID wird seit 2015 von der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft im Förderprogramm Fachinformationsdienste[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: Jahrestagung der Arbeitsgemeinschaft für medizinisches Bibliothekswesen (AGMB)
Origin and growth of primordial black holes
Creators: name: Meissner, Krzysztof A.
name: Nicolai, Hermann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Building on the insight that primordial black holes can arise from the formation and subsequent gravitational collapse of bound states of stable supermassive elementary particles during the early radiation era, we offer a comprehensive picture describing the evolution and growth of the resulting mini-black holes through both the radiation and matter dominated phases, until the onset of (small scale) inhomogeneities. This is achieved by means of an exact metric solving Einstein's equations throughout both phases. We show that, thanks to a special enhancement effect producing an effective horizon above the actual event horizon, this process can explain the observed mass values of the earliest giant black holes. Unlike other proposals, it also predicts a lower limit on the mass of supermassive black holes.
Asymptotic states of the bounce geometry
Creators: name: Bousso, Raphael
name: Freivogel, Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the question of asymptotic observables in cosmology. We assume that string theory contains a landscape of vacua, and that metastable de Sitter regions can decay to zero cosmological constant by bubble nucleation. The asymptotic properties of the corresponding bounce solution should be incorporated in a nonperturbative quantum theory of cosmology. A recent proposal for such a framework defines an S-matrix between the past and future boundaries of the bounce. We analyze in detail the properties of asymptotic states in this proposal, finding that generic small perturbations of the initial state cause a global crunch. We conclude that late-time amplitudes should be computed directly. This would require a string theory analogue of the no-boundary proposal.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures. v2: reference added
title: Open Access als Aufgabenbereich medizinischer Bibliotheken
Creators: name: Stellmann, Nina
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: „Open Access als Aufgabenbereich medizinischer Bibliotheken“ war das Thema einer Bachelorarbeit im berufsbegleitenden Studiengang an der Hochschule Hannover. Die Arbeit beinhaltete u.a. die Untersuchung des Beratungs- und Informationsangebots zu Open Access, sowie die zugrundeliegende [zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: Jahrestagung der Arbeitsgemeinschaft für medizinisches Bibliothekswesen (AGMB)
title: Sezieren, Präparieren, Schneiden – virtuell und ohne Blut: zwei Jahre Praxiserfahrung mit „Anatomage“ an der Medizinbibliothek Göttingen
Creators: name: Härter, Dagmar
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Im Februar 2017 wurde der große Antrag von der Fakultät endlich genehmigt und ein halbes Jahr später war er da: der 3D-Anatomietisch der Firma „Anatomage“. Seit dem Wintersemester 2017/18 steht er als unterstützendes High Tech Lerntool den Studierenden des Präparierkurses[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: Jahrestagung der Arbeitsgemeinschaft für medizinisches Bibliothekswesen (AGMB)
Magnetic bistability and controllable reversal of asymmetric ferromagnetic nanorings
Creators: name: Zhu, F. Q.
name: Chern, G. W.
name: Tchernyshyov, O.
name: Zhu, X. C.
name: Zhu, J. G.
name: Chien, C. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetization reversals through the formation of vortex state and the rotation of onion state are two processes with comparable probabilities for symmetric magnetic nanorings with radius of about 50 nanometers. This magnetic bistability is the manifestation of the competition between the exchange energy and the magnetostatic energy in nanomagnets. The relative probability of the two processes in symmetric nanorings is dictated by the ring geometry and can not be altered. In this work, we report the magnetic behavior of a novel type of nanorings -- asymmetric nanorings. By tuning the asymmetry we can control the fraction of the vortex formation process from about 40% to nearly 100% by utilizing the direction of the external magnetic field. The observed results have been accounted for by the dependence of the domain wall energy on the local cross section area of nanoring for which we have provided theoretical calculations.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures
title: Bridge, Act, Share, Learn – Der Blick über den eigenen Tellerrand
Creators: name: Wöckel, Claudia
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Die EAHIL bietet alle zwei Jahre eine europäische Plattform, zum Austausch zwischen Informationsspezialisten und Bibliothekaren, anhand praktischer Workshops. Von der diesjährigen Veranstaltung in Basel, den Inhalten und Themen, sowie der eigenen Erfahrung einen Workshop zu organisieren und[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: Jahrestagung der Arbeitsgemeinschaft für medizinisches Bibliothekswesen (AGMB)
title: AGMB goes EAHIL
Creators: name: Reimann, Iris
name: Semmler-Schmetz, Martina
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Zwei Mitglieder des Vorstandes der AGMB e.V. nahmen in diesem Jahr an den Workshops der EAHIL in Basel teil, um u.a. die Veranstaltungen selbst kennenzulernen, wichtige Impulse für die AGMB-Tagungen zu bekommen und allgemein den Austausch zwischen der AGMB und der EAHIL fortzusetzen. In dem Vortrag[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: Jahrestagung der Arbeitsgemeinschaft für medizinisches Bibliothekswesen (AGMB)
Full-field stress computation from measured deformation fields: a hyperbolic formulation
Creators: name: Cameron, Benjamin
name: Tasan, Cem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent developments in imaging techniques and correlation algorithms enable measurement of strain fields on a deforming material at high spatial and temporal resolution. In such cases, the computation of the stress field from the known deformation field becomes an interesting possibility. This is known as an inverse problem. Current approaches to this problem, such as the finite element update method, are generally over-determined and must rely on statistical approaches to minimize error. This provides approximate solutions in some cases, however, implementation difficulties, computational requirements, and accuracy are still significant challenges. Here, we show how the inverse problem can be formulated deterministically and solved exactly in two or three dimensions for large classes of materials including isotropic elastic solids, Newtonian fluids, non-Newtonian fluids, granular materials and isotropic plastic solids. This solution is based on a single assumption of the alignment of the principal directions of stress and strain or strain rate. No further assumptions regarding incompressibility, pressure independence, yield surface shape or the hardening law are necessary. This assumption leads to a closed, first order, linear system of hyperbolic partial differential equations with variable coefficients and can be solved to give the solution for any geometry and loading condition. We provide a numerical proof-of-principle study of the plastic deformation of a two-dimensional bar with spatially varying yield stress and strain hardening coefficient. The results are validated indicating the solution is exact up to numerical error. No model calibration or material parameters are required. Interestingly, this solution procedure lends itself to a simple physical interpretation of stress propagation through the material.
title: Listening to Amphibians: Self-contained recordings units
Creators: name: Merlet, Agnès
name: Fauconnier, Clément
name: Labadesse, Myriam
name: Secondi, Jean
name: Trochet, Audrey
name: Barthe, Laurent
Publisher: name: Société Herpétologique de France
Year: 2022

description: Presentation of few models of autonomous recording units for listening in the field, detecting and reporting the bullforg and the African Clawed frog in the wetlands of France
Linking globular cluster formation at low and high redshift through the age-metallicity relation in E-MOSAICS
Creators: name: Horta, Danny
name: Hughes, Meghan E.
name: Pfeffer, Joel L.
name: Bastian, Nate
name: Kruijssen, J. M. Diederik
name: Reina-Campos, Marta
name: Crain, Robert A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We set out to compare the age-metallicity relation (AMR) of massive clusters from Magellanic Cloud mass galaxies in the E-MOSAICS suite of numerical cosmological simulations with an amalgamation of observational data of massive clusters in the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds (LMC/SMC). We aim to test if: i) star cluster formation proceeds according to universal physical processes, suggestive of a common formation mechanism for young-massive clusters (YMCs), intermediate-age clusters (IACs), and ancient globular clusters (GCs); ii) massive clusters of all ages trace a continuous AMR; iii) the AMRs of smaller mass galaxies show a shallower relation when compared to more massive galaxies. Our results show that, within the uncertainties, the predicted AMRs of L/SMC-mass galaxies with similar star formation histories to the L/SMC follow the same relation as observations. We also find that the metallicity at which the AMR saturates increases with galaxy mass, which is also found for the field star AMRs. This suggests that relatively low-metallicity clusters can still form in dwarfs galaxies. Given our results, we suggest that ancient GCs share their formation mechanism with IACs and YMCs, in which GCs are the result of a universal process of star cluster formation during the early episodes of star formation in their host galaxies.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Bulk correlation functions in 2D quantum gravity
Creators: name: Kostov, I. K.
name: Petkova, V. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute bulk 3- and 4-point tachyon correlators in the 2d Liouville gravity with non-rational matter central charge c<1, following and comparing two approaches. The continuous CFT approach exploits the action on the tachyons of the ground ring generators deformed by Liouville and matter ``screening charges''. A by-product general formula for the matter 3-point OPE structure constants is derived. We also consider a ``diagonal'' CFT of 2D quantum gravity, in which the degenerate fields are restricted to the diagonal of the semi-infinite Kac table. The discrete formulation of the theory is a generalization of the ADE string theories, in which the target space is the semi-infinite chain of points.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures
Explicit calculations of automorphic forms for definite unitary groups
Creators: name: Loeffler, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F55

description: I give an algorithm for computing the full space of automorphic forms for definite unitary groups over Q, and apply this to calculate the automorphic forms of level $G(Z-hat)$ and various small weights for an example of a rank 3 unitary group. This leads to some examples of various types of endoscopic lifting from automorphic forms for U_1 x U_1 x U_1 and U_1 x U_2, and to an example of a non-endoscopic form of weight (3,3) corresponding to a family of 3-dimensional irreducible l-adic Galois representations. I also compute the 2-adic slopes of some automorphic forms with level structure at 2, giving evidence for the local constancy of the slopes.
description: This version fixes an error pointed out by my PhD examiners -- the previous version cited a form of Ramanujan's conjecture which is in fact false. Accompanying computer programs available from http://www.ma.ic.ac.uk/~dl505/