cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Supplementary material from Modelling the role of glucocorticoid receptor as mediator of endocrine responses to environmental challenge
Creators: name: Jimeno, Blanca
name: Rubalcaba, Juan G.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310399
subject: Ecology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 310908
subject: Animal physiology - biophysics
classificationCode: 310909
subject: Animal physiology - cell
classificationCode: 310910
subject: Animal physiology - systems

description: Glucocorticoid hormones (GCs) modulate acute ‘stress’ responses in vertebrates, exerting their actions across many physiological systems to help the organism face and overcome challenges. These actions take place via binding to the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), which determines not only the magnitude of the GC-mediated physiological response but also the negative feedback that downregulates GCs to restore homeostasis. Although GR function is assumed to determine GC regulation capacity, the associations between GR abundance and individuals' coping abilities remain cryptic. We developed a dynamic model fitted to empirical data to predict the effects of GR abundance on both plasma GC response patterns and the magnitude of GC-mediated physiological response. Individuals with higher GRs showed lower GC exposure, stronger physiological responses and greater capacity to adjust this response to stressor intensity, which may be translated into more resilient and flexible GC phenotypes. Our results also show that among-individual variability in GR abundance challenges the detectability of the association between plasma GC measurements and physiological responses. Our approach provides mechanistic insights into the role of GR on plasma GC measurements and function, which point at GR abundance fundamentally driving complex features of the GC regulation system in the face of environmental change.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Endocrine responses to environmental variation: conceptual approaches and recent developments’.
Midplane sedimentation of large solid bodies in turbulent protoplanetary discs
Creators: name: Carballido, A.
name: Fromang, S.
name: Papaloizou, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the vertical settling of solid bodies in a turbulent protoplanetary disc. We consider the situation when the coupling to the gas is weak or equivalently when the particle stopping time tau_{st} due to friction with the gas is long compared to the orbital timescale Omega^{-1}. An analytical model, which takes into account the stochastic nature of the sedimentation process using a Fokker-Planck equation for the particle distribution function in phase space, is used to obtain the vertical scale height of the solid layer as a function of the vertical component of the turbulent gas velocity correlation function and the particle stopping time. This is found to be of the same form as the relation obtained for strongly coupled particles in previous work. We compare the predictions of this model with results obtained from local shearing box MHD simulations of solid particles embedded in a vertically stratified disc in which there is turbulence driven by the MRI. We find that the ratio of the dust disc thickness to the gas disc thickness satifies H_d/H=0.08 (Omega tau_{st})^{-1/2}, which is in very good agreement with the analytical model. By discussing the conditions for gravitational instability in the outer regions of protoplanetary discs in which there is a similar level of turbulence, we find that bodies in the size range 50 to 600 metres can aggregate to form Kuiper belt-like objects with characteristic radii ranging from tens to hundreds of kilometres.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, accepted in MNRAS
title: Aortic intramural haematoma blood pools: the Chinese ring-sword sign
Creators: name: Ramírez Calderón, Jessie Zulay
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cardiovascular
subject: Arteries / Aorta
subject: Vascular
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 71-year-old diabetic male patient presented to the emergency department with chest pain radiating to the interscapular region and hypertensive crisis (systolic arterial tensions up to 230 mmHg). 

description: 71 years, male
Gas phase ion-molecule chemistry of ironcyclopentadienyl and ironcyclopentadiene ions with C1-C4 alcohols by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectometry
Creators: name: Korenkova, Eva
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The gas phase ion-molecule chemistry of organometallic ions CpFe+ (1) and C₅H₆Fe+ (2), shown below, has been examined by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometry. [MODEL] These ions, generated by electron impact ionization from organometallic neutral precursors ferrocene and cyclohexadienone iron tricarbonyl, were allowed to react with neutral methanol, ethanol, n-, i-propanol, and n-, i-, f-butanol. Selected isotopologues of employed alcohols were used to infer the reaction mechanism. Abundances of ionic reactants and products were monitored as a function of reaction time to obtain kinetic data. A general trend was observed that the reactivity of ions 1 and 2 with alcohols increases with the increasing length of the alkyl chain. The most important difference in the gas phase chemistry of these two ions was noted for the reactions with methanol. CpFe+ forms only an ion-neutral complex without any bond activation. C₅H₆Fe+ was found to dehydrogenate methanol by a competitive insertion into C-H and H-0 bonds. Taking the ratio of ADO collision rates and the measured reaction rates it was found that ion 2 has a twofold increase in reaction efficiency as compared to ion 1. For the reactions of CpFe+ with higher alcohols the major processes observed were dehydration and loss of alkene. Dehydrogenation of alcohols was a minor reaction. In all C₅H₆Fe+/alcohol systems except for methanol, reductive elimination of water and alkene was always accompanied by loss of a hydrogen molecule. Experiments with labeled alcohols have shown that one of the hydrogen atoms in the eliminated neutrals originates on a cyclopentadiene ring. This was rationalized by proposing that the reacting form of C₅H₆Fe+ ion has a CpFe+-H structure, formed by an intramolecular 6-hydrogen transfer that results in a metal-hydrogen bond.
Kinetostatic Synthesis of Compliant Mechanisms with Numerical Continuation
Creators: name: Tari, Hafez
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2011
Subjects: Compliant Mechanisms
Constrained Homotopy Technique
Degenerate Solutions
Numerical Continuation Method
Pseudo-Rigid-Body Model
Systems of Polynomial Equations

description: Devising a systematic and most importantly a complete solution framework for the kinetostatic synthesis of compliant mechanisms with numerical continuation is the goal of this dissertation. The goal of the kinetostatic synthesis is to find feasible compliant mechanism solutions for a given set of kinematic and force/energy specifications. The kinetostatic synthesis equations are derived by combining the kinematic synthesis and static equilibrium equations. We then propose a comprehensive framework based on polynomial solvers for obtaining solutions to the synthesis equations. When kinematic and static equations are decoupled, we solve first kinematic equations independently and then solve static equations for springs' stiffness. While coupled, we transform them into a polynomial form possibly using approximations and solve them simultaneously with polynomial solvers. The approximation error if there is any is expunged out in a later step using Newton-Raphson method. In addition, to exclude the unwanted and the degenerate solutions, we propose a constrained homotopy technique that empowers the classical continuation techniques to recognize and sift out such solutions in the numerical path tracking step. As the applications, rigid slider-crank and fully compliant four-bar mechanisms are synthesized for common tasks such as function, motion and path generation.
title: Idiopathic chondrolysis of the hip
Creators: name: Kiran, M
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: MR
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: An 11-year-old female patient presented with right hip joint pain and limping for one month. She reported a fall during playing. There was no history of fever.

description: 11 years, female
Janus and Multifaced Supersymmetric Theories
Creators: name: Kim, Chanju
name: Koh, Eunkyung
name: Lee, Ki-Myeong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the various properties Janus supersymmetric Yang-Mills theories. A novel vacuum structure is found and BPS monopoles and dyons are studied. Less supersymmetric Janus theories found before are derived by a simpler method. In addition, we find the supersymmetric theories when the coupling constant depends on two and three spatial coordinates.
description: 20 pages, no figures, typos, equations corrected. Additional comments
Individual Dynamical Masses of DENIS J063001.4$-$184014AB Reveal A Likely Young Brown Dwarf Triple
Creators: name: Sahlmann, Johannes
name: Dupuy, Trent J.
name: Burgasser, Adam J.
name: Filippazzo, Joseph C.
name: Martín, Eduardo L.
name: Gagliuffi, Daniella C. Bardalez
name: Hsu, Dino Chih-Chun
name: Lazorenko, Petro F.
name: Liu, Michael C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The binary nature of the M8.5 dwarf DENIS J063001.4$-$184014AB (DE0630$-$18) was discovered with astrometric monitoring from the ground, which determined the unresolved photocentric orbit and the trigonometric parallax of the system. Here we present radial-velocity monitoring and resolved observations in the near-infrared with Keck aperture masking that allow us to measure the system's relative separation and brightness. By combining all available information, we determine the individual dynamical masses of the binary components to be $M_1 = 0.052^{+0.009}_{-0.008} M_\mathrm{Sun}$ and $M_2 = 0.052^{+0.005}_{-0.004} M_\mathrm{Sun}$, both firmly in the substellar regime. These masses are surprising given the object's M8.5 optical spectral type and equivalent absolute magnitude, and the significant difference in brightness between the components ($Δ{K}$ = 1.74$\pm$0.06 mag). Our results suggest that DE0630$-$18 is a relatively young system ($\sim$200 Myr) with a secondary component that is itself a potentially unresolved binary.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
For the Sake of Oil, For the Sake of Prestige or For the Sake of Power: Did Cooperation among the Governments of the United States and Great Britain Contribute to the 1953 Coup of Iran?
Creators: name: Pashai, Homira
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2011
Subjects: Anglo-Iranian Oil Company
Coup of 1953
Great Britain
Iran
Mossadegh
United States of America

description: During the Cold War, when a wave of nationalism was spreading around in Asia and the Middle East, the nationalist government of Dr. Mohammad Mossadegh was overthrown by foreign and internal elements in the coup of 1953. This work uncovers the events of the overthrow with respect to the Cold War context. The fear of communism resulted in hysteria and the hyperbolic perspective of the Eisenhower Administration toward nationalist movements during the Cold War era. This work combines both old and new historical trends in order to reconstruct the events of the coup of 1953 and examines all the external and internal factors that contributed to the coup. The study uncovers all governmental and non-governmental actors who collaborated together to conduct the coup. The thesis examines the U.S.' traditional alliance with Great Britain, Britain's overplaying the U.S.' Cold War hysteria, corporations and their use of the intelligence service in conducting foreign policy, and the role of adventuresome men who shaped the policy process in  Iran in 1953. By relying on Farsi and English documents, interviews, and newspapers, oral histories from the Harvard Iranian Project, documents from the International Court of Justice, speeches of Dr. Mossadegh, memoirs of policymakers and intelligence service officers, and treaties signed between Iran and the United States after the coup, this study provides insight into understanding a missed opportunity for Iran that continues to color U.S.-Iranian relations today.
Constraining population synthesis models via empirical binary compact object merger and supernovae rates
Creators: name: O'Shaughnessy, R.
name: Kim, C.
name: Kalogera, V.
name: Belczynski, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observed samples of supernovae (SN) and double compact objects (DCOs) provide several critical constraints on population-synthesis models: the parameters of these models must be carefully chosen to reproduce, among other factors, (i) the formation rates of double neutron star (NS-NS) binaries and of white dwarf-neutron star (WD-NS) binaries, estimated from binary samples, and (ii) the type II and Ib/c supernova rates. Even allowing for extremely conservative accounting of the uncertainties in observational and theoretical predictions, we find only a few plausible population synthesis models (roughly 9%) are consistent with DCO and SN rates empirically determined from observations. As a proof of concept, we describe the information that can be extracted about population synthesis models given such stringent observational tests, including surprisingly good agreement with the neutron star kick distributions inferred from pulsar proper-motion measurements. In the present study, we find that the current observational constraints favor: kicks described by a single Maxwellian with a typical velocity of about 300km/s; mass-loss fractions during non-conservative, but stable, mass transfer episodes of about 90%; and common envelope parameters of about 0.2-0.5. Finally, we use the subset of astrophysically consistent models to predict the rates at which black hole-neutron star (BH-NS) and NS-NS binaries merge in the Milky Way and the nearby Universe, assuming Milky-Way-like galaxies dominate. (Abridged)
description: 10 pages, 7 figures. Accepted by ApJ. v2 updates arxiv metadata. v3 has been revised in response to referee comments and to use a higher maximum NS mass; version on archive has low-resolution figures. v4,5 have minor changes in response to referee comments. v6 agrees with the accepted version
Characterisation, performance, and operational aspects of the H4RG-15 near infrared detectors for the MOONS instrument
Creators: name: Ives, Derek
name: Alvarez, Domingo
name: Bezawada, Naidu
name: George, Elizabeth
name: Serra, Benoît
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: MOONS is a multi-object spectrograph for the ESO VLT covering a simultaneous wavelength range of 0.6-1.8 microns using approximately 1000 fibres. It uses four Teledyne Imaging Systems H4RG-15 4K x 4K detectors with 2.5 $μ$m cut-off material for the two longer wavebands (YJ and H). Since the spectrographs utilize an extremely fast modified Schmidt camera design, then the detectors are situated in the optical beam and hence required the development of a novel 64- channel cryogenic differential cryogenic preamplifier, minimized for optical footprint which will be reported on. We have operated the Engineering Grade H4RG detector at a range of temperatures from 90K to 40K and we will report on the advantages of the lower operational temperature. We have completed a full persistence analysis and are able to model it reasonably well and will offer a correction for it in our data pipeline. We have also configured the detector for use with both unbuffered and buffered outputs and report on the differences in performance between the two output types. We have also seen some programming issues with the detector type and will report on our work-around for this, we will also describe the use of the column-deselect feature and row skipping to minimize the effects of PEDs. We have also measured charge injection per read and report on this, likewise we have also measured the inter-pixel capacitance in different regions of the detector. We will present all these results together with a summary of the complete performance characteristics of this detector family.
description: Proceedings of the SPIE Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation conference 2020
Low-lying bifurcations in cavity quantum electrodynamics
Creators: name: Armen, Michael A.
name: Mabuchi, Hideo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interplay of quantum fluctuations with nonlinear dynamics is a central topic in the study of open quantum systems, connected to fundamental issues (such as decoherence and the quantum-classical transition) and practical applications (such as coherent information processing and the development of mesoscopic sensors/amplifiers). With this context in mind, we here present a computational study of some elementary bifurcations that occur in a driven and damped cavity quantum electrodynamics (cavity QED) model at low intracavity photon number. In particular, we utilize the single-atom cavity QED Master Equation and associated Stochastic Schrodinger Equations to characterize the equilibrium distribution and dynamical behavior of the quantized intracavity optical field in parameter regimes near points in the semiclassical (mean-field, Maxwell-Bloch) bifurcation set. Our numerical results show that the semiclassical limit sets are qualitatively preserved in the quantum stationary states, although quantum fluctuations apparently induce phase diffusion within periodic orbits and stochastic transitions between attractors. We restrict our attention to an experimentally realistic parameter regime.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures, submitted to PRA
Second Harmonic Imaging Enhanced by Deep Learning Decipher
Creators: name: Fan, Weiru
name: Chen, Tianrun
name: Gil, Eddie
name: Zhu, Shiyao
name: Yakovlev, Vladislav
name: Wang, Da-Wei
name: Zhang, Delong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Wavefront sensing and reconstruction are widely used for adaptive optics, aberration correction, and high-resolution optical phase imaging. Traditionally, interference and/or microlens arrays are used to convert the optical phase into intensity variation. Direct imaging of distorted wavefront usually results in complicated phase retrieval with low contrast and low sensitivity. Here, a novel approach has been developed and experimentally demonstrated based on the phase-sensitive information encoded into second harmonic signals, which are intrinsically sensitive to wavefront modulations. By designing and implementing a deep neural network, we demonstrate the second harmonic imaging enhanced by deep learning decipher (SHIELD) for efficient and resilient phase retrieval. Inheriting the advantages of two-photon microscopy, SHIELD demonstrates single-shot, reference-free, and video-rate phase imaging with sensitivity better than λ/100 and high robustness against noises, facilitating numerous applications from biological imaging to wavefront sensing.
title: Sacroiliac joint tuberculosis in the course of MALT lymphoma therapy
Creators: name: Salwa-Kamińska, Anna
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: MR
subject: Abscess
subject: Infection
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 65-year-old man who was referred to our hospital for an evaluation of high metabolic activity in 18Fluorodeoxyglucose-PET- in the area of the gluteus maximus muscle (SUV max 10.6). 

Patient with primary MALT lymphoma (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma) of the left kidney treated with 8 cycles of chemotherapy (RCVP – rituximab, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisolone) with good response. 

Laboratory tests: Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia.

Symptoms: Persistent low back pain.

description: 65 years, male
Modeling friction on a mesoscale: Master equation for the earthquake-like model
Creators: name: Braun, Oleg
name: Peyrard, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The earthquake-like model with a continuous distribution of static thresholds is used to describe the properties of solid friction. The evolution of the model is reduced to a master equation which can be solved analytically. This approach naturally describes stick-slip and smooth sliding regimes of tribological systems within a framework which separates the calculation of the friction force from the studies of the properties of the contacts.
description: Accepted for publication by Physical Review Letters
Ancillary services in Great Britain during the COVID-19 lockdown: a glimpse of the carbon-free future
Creators: name: Badesa, Luis
name: Strbac, Goran
name: Magill, Matt
name: Stojkovska, Biljana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The COVID-19 pandemic led to partial or total lockdowns in several countries during the first half of 2020, which in turn caused a depressed electricity demand. In Great Britain (GB), this low demand combined with large renewable output at times, created conditions that were not expected until renewable capacity increases to meet emissions targets in coming years. The GB system experienced periods of very high instantaneous penetration of non-synchronous renewables, compromising system stability due to the lack of inertia in the grid. In this paper, a detailed analysis of the consequences of the lockdown on the GB electricity system is provided, focusing on the ancillary services procured to guarantee stability. Ancillary-services costs increased by £200m in the months of May to July 2020 compared to the same period in 2019 (a threefold increase), highlighting the importance of ancillary services in low-carbon systems. Furthermore, a frequency-secured scheduling model is used in the present paper to showcase the future trends that GB is expected to experience, as penetration of renewables increases on the road to net-zero emissions by 2050. Several sensitivities are considered, demonstrating that the share of total operating costs represented by ancillary services could reach 35%.
In Situ Growth of Carbon Nanotubes on Dynamic Glass Fiber Substrates
Creators: name: Malecki, Harry Charles
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2010
Subjects: Carbon
Continuous
Fibers
Hybrid
Nanotube
Process

description: The use of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in composite structures has been studied as early as 1994 by Ajayan, who observed their ability to improve overall composite multi-functionality. Over 15 years later, the lack of widespread implementation of CNTs in multi-scale composites is due, in part, to the inability to cost effectively incorporate CNTs within a composite structure and realize their full mechanical, electrical, and thermal potentials. Three approaches to CNT incorporation in composite structures have been studied, but each contains its own particular shortcomings which either diminish CNT potential or inhibit paths toward large scale production. This thesis focuses on one approach, the growth of CNTs directly on fiber substrates, and the development of a continuous in situ growth process to aid in high volume CNT production on dynamic glass fiber substrates.
title: Petrous apex cephalocele accompanied by partial empty sella and oculomotor cistern enlargement
Creators: name: Silit, Emir
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 56-year-old female patient presented to the neurology department complaining about  pressure in her head and eyes during the past few days. She had suffered from arterial hypertension for one year and she had undergone gastric bypass surgery for obesity about 10 years before. Physical examination and routine laboratory findings were normal.

description: 56 years, female
title: A rare case of disseminated infection in non-immunocompromised patient
Creators: name: Almeer, Ghassan
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology
subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Neuroradiology spine
subject: Infection
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: 80-year-old lady re-presented with deterioration in vision and systemic illness with weight loss, poor appetite, breathlessness and back pain, two weeks following commencement of high dose Prednisolone for biopsy-proven giant cell arteritis. 

Clinical examination revealed bilateral choroidal infiltrates. Therefore, the patient was admitted for full workup. 

description: 80 years, female
ETHIOPIAN AND AMERICAN RELATIONS A STUDY OF 1954: THE IMPACT OF HAILE SELASSIE I ON AMERICAN DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN POLICIES
Creators: name: Rose, Wayne Anthony
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2010
Subjects: American Civil Rights Movement
Cold War
Emperor haile Selassie I
Ethiopia
Italian-Ethiopian War
World War 2

description: At the beginning of the 20th century, the Ethiopian and American nations embarked upon a journey that assisted in setting the moral and legal framework for the conduct of the nations of the world.  America articulated a vision of anti-colonialism, collective security and international free trade; and Ethiopia lived the reality of being victor and victim of colonialism, a symbol of collective security and a beneficiary of international trade. By 1954, both nations had an established friendship and a bonding that transcended diplomatic considerations.  They were bonded by the experiences of two world wars, the global black rights struggles (including pan-Africanism and the American Civil Rights Movement), and, the Cold War. This research examines the 1954 USA visit by  Haile Selassie, and provides a comprehensive picture of events that led to the visit including, the Cold War, the history of relations between America, and Ethiopia and Ethiopians and African Americans.
On the Prime Ideal Structure of Tensor Products of Algebras
Creators: name: Bouchiba, S.
name: Dobbs, D. E.
name: Kabbaj, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13C15; 13B24; 13F05

description: This paper is concerned with the prime spectrum of a tensor product of algebras over a field. It seeks necessary and sufficient conditions for such a tensor product to have the S-property, strong S-property, and catenarity. Its main results lead to new examples of stably strong S-rings and universally catenarian rings. The work begins by investigating the minimal prime ideal structure. Throughout, several results on polynomial rings are recovered, and numerous examples are provided to illustrate the scope and sharpness of the results.
description: 28 pages
title: Dural metastatic disease in advanced prostate cancer
Creators: name: Servaes, Glenn
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology
subject: CNS
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Cancer
subject: Metastases
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 69-year-old man suffering from multiple cervical spine fractures following low-energetic trauma was diagnosed with diffuse osteoblastic metastases in the entire axial skeleton. Clinical work-up revealed advanced prostate cancer.  For staging purposes and because of headache and altered mental status,  brain CT and brain MRI were performed. 

description: 69 years, male
Chiral Phase Structure at Finite Temperature and Density in Einstein Universe
Creators: name: Huang, Xuguang
name: Hao, Xuewen
name: Zhuang, Pengfei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gravitational effect on the chiral phase structure at finite temperature and density is investigated in the framework of Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model in $D$-dimensional ultrastatic Einstein universe. In mean field approximation, the thermodynamic potential and the gap equation determining the curvature, temperature and density dependence of the chiral condensate are analytically derived. In the sense of chiral symmetry restoration and the order of the phase transition, the scalar curvature of the space-time plays similar role as the temperature.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, published version
Ephraim Keyser: CATALOGUE RAISONNE
Creators: name: Feldman, Dianne W.
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2008
Subjects: Art History (0377)
Biography (0304)
Jewish Studies (0751)
Baltimore
Keyser
sculptor
sculpture
teacher

description: Sculptor Ephraim Keyser (1850-1937) was born in Baltimore, Maryland. He received his artistic training in Baltimore, Munich, Berlin and Rome. The work of his early career included both marble and bronze statues, busts and allegorical figures. In later years, when he modeled World War I memorials, monuments for the Baltimore Hebrew Cemetery, busts and bas-reliefs of family members and prominent citizens, his work was almost exclusively in bronze.  Keyser was a revered teacher at both the Maryland Institute and the Rinehart School of Sculpture in Baltimore for nearly 30 years. He was involved in organizing the National Sculpture Society's 1908 show in Baltimore and actively participated in the artistic life of the city.
Notes on measuring melatonin from Endocrine-circadian interactions in birds: implications when nights are no longer dark
Creators: name: Helm, Barbara
name: Greives, Timothy
name: Zeman, Michal
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310908
subject: Animal physiology - biophysics
classificationCode: 310909
subject: Animal physiology - cell
classificationCode: 310910
subject: Animal physiology - systems
classificationCode: 419999
subject: Other environmental sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Biological clocks are evolved time-keeping systems by which organisms rhythmically coordinate physiology within the body, and align it with rhythms in their environment. Clocks are highly sensitive to light and are at the interface of several major endocrine pathways. Worryingly, exposure to artificial-light-at-night (ALAN) is rapidly increasing in ever more extensive parts of the world, with likely impact on wild organisms mediated by endocrine-circadian pathways. In this overview, we first give a broad-brush introduction to biological rhythms. Then, we outline interactions between the avian clock, endocrine pathways, and environmental and internal modifiers. The main focus of this review is on the circadian hormone, melatonin. We summarize information from avian field and laboratory studies on melatonin and its relationships with behaviour and physiology, including often neglected developmental aspects. When exposed to ALAN, birds are highly vulnerable to disruption of behavioural rhythms and of physiological systems under rhythmic control. Several studies suggest that melatonin is likely a key mediator for a broad range of effects. We encourage further observational and experimental studies of ALAN effects on melatonin, across the full functional range of this versatile signalling molecule, as well as on other candidate compounds at the endocrine-circadian interface.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Endocrine responses to environmental variation: conceptual approaches and recent developments’.
Dynamic Stability of a Class of Second-Order Distributed Structural Systems With Sinusoidally Varying Velocities
Creators: name: Wu, Kai
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2013
Subjects: bifurcation diagram
fixed point theory
parametric instability
shock-like wave
sinusoidally varying velocity
wave solution

description: Parametric instability in a system is caused by periodically varying coefficients in its governing differential equations. In this work, parametric instability regions of a second-order non-dispersive distributed structural system, which consists of a translating string with a constant tension and a sinusoidally varying velocity, and two boundaries that axially move with a sinusoidal velocity relative to the string, are obtained using the wave solution and the fixed point theory. Unlike parametric instability regions of lumped-parameter systems that are classified as principal, secondary, and combination instability regions, the parametric instability regions considered here are classified as period-1 and period-i (i>1) instability regions, where period-1 parametric instability regions are analytically obtained and period-i (i>1) parametric instability regions can be numerically calculated using bifurcation diagrams. The parametric instability phenomenon discovered here is characterized by a bounded displacement and an unbounded vibratory energy, due to formation of infinitely compressed shock-like waves. Five non-trivial cases that involve different combinations of string and boundary motions are investigated for their instability regions, wave patterns, and vibratory energy growth. The stable and unstable responses of the linear model in the first case are compared with those of a corresponding nonlinear model that considers the coupled transverse and longitudinal vibrations of the translating string and an intermediate linear model that includes the effect of the tension change due to axial acceleration of the string on its transverse vibration. The parametric instability in the original linear model can exist in the nonlinear and intermediate linear models with a slower energy growth rate.
Performance advantages of buffered mode operation of HxRG near infrared detectors
Creators: name: Bezawada, Naidu
name: Ives, Derek
name: Alvarez, Domingo
name: Serra, Benoît
name: George, Elizabeth
name: Mandla, Christopher
name: Mehrgan, Leander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Teledyne HxRG detectors have versatile and programmable output options to allow operation of them in a variety of configurations such as slow unbuffered, slow buffered, fast buffered or unbuffered modes to optimise the detector performance for a given application. Normally at ESO, for low noise operation, the detectors are operated in slow unbuffered mode. Whilst the slow unbuffered mode offers a simple interface to the external preamplifier electronics, the detector operation in this mode can suffer from reduced pixel frequency response and higher electrical crosstalk between the readout channels. In the context of the detector systems required for the first generation instruments of the ELT (MICADO, HARMONI and METIS), an exercise was undertaken to evaluate the noise, speed and crosstalk performance of the detectors in the slow buffered mode. A test preamplifier has been designed with options to operate a H2RG detector in buffered or unbuffered and with or without using the reference output, so a direct performance comparison can be made between different modes. This paper presents the performance advantages such as increased pixel frequency response, elimination of electrical crosstalk between the readout channels and the noise performance in the buffered mode operation. These improvements allow us to achieve the same frame readout time using half the detector cryogenic electronics and detector controller electronics for the ELT instruments, which significantly reduces the associated cryomechanical complexities in the instrument.
description: Proceedings of the SPIE Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation conference 2020
Eighteenth Century Chesapeake Clothing: A Costume Plan for the National Colonial Farm
Creators: name: Donahue, Alice Davis
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2008
Subjects: History, United States (0337)
Living History
clothing
Chesapeake
Eighteenth Century

description: Living History sites often fail to provide interpreters with accurate costuming or training about how clothing tells the history they portray, largely because practitioners undervalue the importance of accurate clothing and because historians do not provide easily adaptable scholarship. This project argues for accuracy in Living History costuming, while setting an example for how to use clothing information in educational settings. It presents research about the garments and material culture of the Chesapeake region in the late eighteenth century and culminates in an interpreter training manual and costume plan for a site which interprets lower-middling sort tobacco planters in 1775 Maryland.
SUCCESSION PLANNING AND BUSINESS CONTINUITY IN FAMILY-OWNED ENTERPRISES IN LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA
Creators: name: Dr. Nathaniel, J. Roberts
name: Professor Lisa, M. Carter
name: Ms. Sophia, K. Adams
Publisher: name: noland journals
Year: 2024
Subjects: succession planning, family-owned businesses, business continuity, Cochran sample size, purposively, validated, exogenous variables

description: This study investigates the effects of succession planning on the business continuity of family owned businesses in Lagos state, Nigeria.

The study adopted a cross-sectional survey design and computed a sample size of three hundred and sixty-eight (368) from The Nigerian Association of Small and Medium Enterprises NASME database of registered family businesses of eight-thousand three hundred and ninety six registered family-owned businesses in Lagos state using the Cochran sample size formula. The senior staff and owners of family-owned businesses in Lagos state were purposively selected to fill out the structured questionnaires of the study. The questionnaires were adapted from previous studies and validated via a pilot study conducted in the Oluyole industrial area of Ibadan southwest, Oyo state, Nigeria. The study adopted SPSS version 25 for the descriptive statistics and Smart PLS version 4.0 for the inferential statistics to analyse the data. The study's findings revealed that succession planning influences 30.2% of business continuity, while the remaining 69.8% can be explained by the other exogenous variables different from business continuity. The study concludes that succession planning positively influences the business continuity of family-owned businesses in Lagos State, Nigeria.
title: Spontaneous rupture of an adrenal myelolipoma
Creators: name: Oprisan, Anca Alexandra Ioana
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Uroradiology & genital male imaging
subject: Abdomen
subject: CT
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Haemorrhage
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 35-year-old female patient with no medical history presented to the emergency room with complaints of acute abdominal pain in the right flank and mild hypotension. Laboratory and culture tests were negative.

description: 35 years, female
title: Hypoxic encephalopathy
Creators: name: Páez Carpio, Alfredo José
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Head & neck imaging
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: CT
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Ischaemia / Infarction
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 24-year-old male patient with a sudden loss of consciousness. At admission, the Glasgow coma scale was <8, and ventricular fibrillation was demonstrated. CT was performed.

description: 24 years, male
title: Smart syndrome after glioblastoma treatment
Creators: name: Flamée, Louis
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: Radiation effects
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 53-year-old woman, who had undergone surgery and chemoradiotherapy for a glioblastoma 9 years before, was admitted for sudden right-sided headache with photophobia, left-sided hemianopia and dyspraxia for the past 4 days.
Four months after admission and receiving a steroid tapering schedule her symptoms completely resolved.

description: 53 years, female
Complexity of dipolar exciton Mott transition in GaN/(AlGa)N nanostructures
Creators: name: Chiaruttini, F.
name: Guillet, T.
name: Brimont, C.
name: Scalbert, D.
name: Cronenberger, S.
name: Jouault, B.
name: Lefebvre, P.
name: Damilano, B.
name: Vladimirova, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Mott transition from a dipolar excitonic liquid to an electron-hole plasma is demonstrated in a wide GaN/(Al,Ga)N quantum well at $T=7$K by means of spatially-resolved magneto-photoluminescence spectroscopy. Increasing optical excitation density we drive the system from the excitonic state, characterized by a diamagnetic behavior and thus a quadratic energy dependence on the magnetic field, to the unbound electron-hole state, characterized by a linear shift of the emission energy with the magnetic field. The complexity of the system requires to take into account both the density-dependence of the exciton binding energy and the exciton-exciton interaction and correlation energy that are of the same order of magnitude. We estimate the carrier density at Mott transition as $n_\mathrm{Mott}\approx 2\times 10^{11}$cm$^{-2}$ and address the role played by excitonic correlations in this process. Our results strongly rely on the spatial resolution of the photoluminescence and the assessment of the carrier transport. We show, that in contrast to GaAs/(Al,Ga)As systems, where transport of dipolar magnetoexcitons is strongly quenched by the magnetic field due to exciton mass enhancement, in GaN/(Al,Ga)N the band parameters are such that the transport is preserved up to $9$T.
description: 15 pages 13 figures
Electrical voltage by electron spin-vorticity coupling in laminar ducts
Creators: name: Kazerooni, Hamid Tabaei
name: Zinchenko, Georgy
name: Schumacher, Jörg
name: Cierpka, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a linear scaling law for an electrical voltage as a function of the pressure drop in capillary pipes and ducts. This voltage is generated by a process which is termed spin hydrodynamic generation (SHDG), a result of the collective electron spin--coupling to the vorticity field in the laminar flow in combination with an inverse spin-Hall effect. We study this phenomenon in laminar duct flows with different width-to-height aspect ratios ranging from 1 (square ducts) to infinite (two dimensional channels). First, we analytically solve the governing Valet-Fert spin diffusion equations for the SHDG by means of the method of small parameters together with proper boundary conditions for the set of inhomogeneous elliptic partial differential equations. Secondly, the proposed linear scaling law is validated through a series of experiments using capillary tubes with rectangular and square cross-sections. The experimental results show a very good agreement to the analytically found scaling law. A subsequent substitution of the bulk velocity of the laminar wall-bounded flows by the pressure drop reveals a universal scaling law for the electrical voltage that incorporates all pipe and duct geometries which we could study in our experiments. Finally, the efficiency of the system is estimated for circular pipes, rectangular and square ducts. This study shows that the efficiency of a spin hydrodynamic generator is the same for a circular pipe and a square duct with the same diameter and height, respectively. Hence, due to the ease of manufacturing and the possibility to scale the experiments up to parallel settings in a compact form, micro-channels with a square cross-section seem to be the optimum for a spin hydrodynamic generator.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
Development Of Advanced Sandwich Core Topologies Using Fused Deposition Modeling And Electroforming Processes
Creators: name: Storck, Steven Michael
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2014
Subjects: Additive Manufacturing
Electroplating
Hybrid Materials
Nanocrystalline
Sandwich core
Topologies

description: New weight efficient materials are needed to enhance the performance of vehicle systems allowing increased speed, maneuverability and fuel economy. This work leveraged a multi-length-scale composite approach combined with hybrid material methodology to create new state-of-the-art additive manufactured sandwich core material. The goal of the research was to generate a new material to expands material space for strength versus density. Fused-Deposition-Modeling (FDM) was used to remove geometric manufacturing constraints, and electrodepositing was used to generate a high specific-strength, bio-inspired hybrid material.  Microtension samples (3mm x 1mm with 250?m x 250?m gage) were used to investigate the electrodeposited coatings in the transverse (TD) and growth (GD) directions. Three bath chemistries were tested: copper, traditional nickel sulfamate (TNS) nickel, and nickel deposited with a platinum anode (NDPA). NDPA shows tensile strength exceeding 1600 MPa, significantly beyond the literature reported values of 60MPa. This strengthening was linked to grain size refinement into the sub-30nm range, in addition to grain texture refinement resulting in only 17% of the slip systems for nickel being active. Anisotropy was observed in nickel deposits, which was linked to texture evolution inside of the coating. Microsample testing guided the selection of 15?m layer of copper deposition followed by a 250 ?m NDPA layer. Classical formulas for structural collapse were used to guide an experimental parametric study to establish a weight/volume efficient strut topology. Length, diameter and thickness were all investigated to determine the optimal column topology. The most optimal topology exists when Eulerian buckling, shell micro buckling and yielding failure modes all exist in a single geometric topology. Three macro-scale sandwich topologies (pyramidal, tetrahedral, and strut-reinforced-tetrahedral (SRT) were investigated with respect to strength-per-unit-weight. The topologies were optimized across length scales using texture on the nano-scale microsamples on the micro-scale, and the parametric column study on the meso-scale. The results showed that additive manufacturing as a viable method for removing geometric constraints observed by other manufacturing methods. The SRT was the most optimized topology showing the highest strength-per-unit-weight. The final topology sits in a best-of-both areas of material space exceeding the commercially available honeycombs strength per relative density by 1670%.