Ogyges sandinoi Cano 2014, new species
Creators: name: Cano, Enio B.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Passallidae
Ogyges
Ogyges sandinoi

description: Ogyges sandinoi Cano new species   
Figs. 17– 18, 21w  
 Diagnosis. Based on the form of clypeus, the central horn, and the mediopostfrontal structure, and the presence of setae on anterior corners of metasternum (sparse in O. adamsi), O. sandinoi seems closely allied to O. adamsi and O. handali. This new species is easily distinguished by the smaller size (29–32 mm) and the presence of internal tubercles.   
 Description. Holotype male, black adult with dark-brown areas in venter. Total length 29.68, elytral length 16.00, pronotal length 8.26, pronotal width 10.27, humeral width 9.81. Head: anterior border of labrum concave or slightly concave. Clypeus thickened, convex, anterior border straight or slightly inclined laterally, with a small central indentation in form of “v”; with a moderately defined punctate sulcus separating it from the mediofrontal area. Mediofrontal tubercles rounded and well defined, with a well or barely defined anterofrontal ridges directed but not connected with the internal tubercles. Mediofrontal area smooth, with conical internal tubercles connected to the short and slightly curved posterofrontal ridges. A wide, bare, hemicircular smooth fossa present in front of the mediopostfrontal structure. Lateropostfrontal areas glabrous and slightly rugose towards lateral sides. Central horn very narrow and long, with apex not free, declivous towards the posterofrontal ridges, with dorsal micropuntations; without median longitudinal dorsal groove; lateroposterior tubercles short, not clearly delineated, rounded, directed slightly posteriorly, not separated from the central horn by a groove. Postfrontal groove shallow, deeper at sides. Supraorbital ridge with unequal anterior tubercles; posterior half not bifurcate with supraorbital fossa small; external ridge poorly marked; supraorbital fossa shallow and short. Ocular canthus with apex straight or slightly swollen, ventrally covering 3/4 of eye. Eyes reduced. Eye width = 0.38 mm. Interocular width = 5.77 mm. Head width = 7.38 mm; ratio both eye widths/head width (measured between tips of canthi) = 0.10. Postorbital pits located immediately behind supraocular ridge and eye, punctate setose. Ligula almost flat basally, with small central apical tooth, ventral transversal anterior carina absent, with setaceous punctures medially. Lateral lobes of mentum setose punctate; lateral basal scars oval and brilliant; medial basal mentum bare and shiny. Hypostomal process elongate, with shallow lateral depression and with one or two minute setae, wide medially and narrow in apical third. Infraocular ridge present, short and smooth, surrounded by striate, setose punctures. Dorsal tooth of mandible occupies 1/2 length; internal dorsal face of mandible granular. Antennal club concave, measures 1.92 mm long and 2.15 mm wide; antepenultimate antennomere of antennal club less wide than penultimate (Figs. 17–18).   
Thorax: Lateral fossae of pronotum without punctures but, together with the marginal grooves, with sparse micropuntations of rugose aspect, visible with great magnification. Pronotum with marginal groove narrow and smooth; disc smooth, slightly opaque; anterior angles rounded; with a small, but present, posterior medial notch. Prosternellum shagreened on anterior half and brilliant posteriorly, except slightly opaque on sides. Mesosternum glabrous; lateral depressions wide, elongate and rugose (shagreened). Mesepisternum with oval, elongate, shagreened area. Metasternum anterior angles with moderate setae; disc not delimited by punctures; marginal groove with setose punctures anteriorly; narrow and smooth, posteriorly two times wider than medially.  
Elytra: Brilliant, striations marked, with small, defined, moderately deep punctures; junctions of striations 1 and 10 without extra punctures. Vertical anterior area smooth, with minute to small, scattered setae between portion of interstriae 1–8.  
Legs: Profemur with anterioventral groove poorly marked, but present; metafemur elongate; mesotibia with one spine.  
Abdomen: Marginal groove of sternite VII incomplete, occupies 3/5 of sternite.  
Aedeagus: In ventral view phallus globose; parameres and phallobase scarcely separated laterally; ventrodorsal basal sclerotizations of the phallus present (Fig. 18).  
 Variation in paratypes (n = 4): Total length 30.02–31.63 ( = 30.68), elytral length 15.62–17.62 ( = 16.60), pronotal length 7.76–8.91 ( = 8.20), pronotal width 10.23–11.19 ( = 10.58), humeral width 9.53–10.31 ( = 9.80). One specimen with the antennomeres of the left antennal club fused (a teratology).   
 Material examined. 5 specimens.   
 Type material. Holotype: NICARAGUA, Nueva Segovia, nr Jalapa, Cerro Jesús. 13.98079, -86.17922. 28–31 May 2011, L. Sáenz collector (LSD). Paratypes (4): Same data as holotype.   
Holotype deposited in UVGC. Paratypes deposited in UVGC, IEXA, and USAC.  
 Etymology. The name of this species is in honor of Augusto César Sandino, a Nicaraguan hero, born in the Segovia Mountains.   
 Distribution. Only known from Cerro Jesús, at the Nicaraguan-Honduran border (Fig. 4), at mid-altitude cloud forest (1600 m).   
 Comments. This is the first objective record of the genus Ogyges from Nicaragua. Previously, two species, Ogyges laevissimus and O. championi [as O. laevior] have been cited from that country (summarized in Schuster & Reyes-Castillo 1990: 19, 32–33). Because these citations are ambiguous, and following Schuster & Reyes-Castillo (1990) who restricted the species to Guatemala (O. laevissimus) and Guatemala and Mexico (O. championi), I consider these or any other citation of O. laevissimus and O. championi from Nicaragua as erroneous. As evidence of this ambiguity, the records of O. laevissimus from Nicaragua (Kuwert 1897: 291, Hincks & Dibb 1935: 21, Reyes-Castillo 1970: 177) apparently were based on one specimen at the MNHN, identified by Kuwert (Schuster & Reyes-Castillo 1990: 20 attribute the handwritten label to Kaup), with the locality data (in the same label) indicating Guatem.[ala]/ Nicaragua. The specimen of O. championi from the MNHN, with the label “ Nicaragua ”, cited by Schuster & Reyes-Castillo (1990), by the barely marked lateral punctures on elytra, apparently belongs to the population of Alta and Baja Verapaz in Guatemala.
description: Published as part of Cano, Enio B., 2014, Ogyges Kaup, a flightless genus of Passalidae (Coleoptera) from Mesoamerica: nine new species, a key to identify species, and a novel character to support its monophyly, pp. 451-484 in Zootaxa 3889 (4) on pages 473-474, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3889.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4952403