cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Modeling Maxwell's demon with a microcanonical Szilard engine
Creators: name: Vaikuntanathan, Suriyanarayanan
name: Jarzynski, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following recent work by Marathe and Parrondo [PRL, 104, 245704 (2010)], we construct a classical Hamiltonian system whose energy is reduced during the adiabatic cycling of external parameters, when initial conditions are sampled microcanonically. Combining our system with a device that measures its energy, we propose a cyclic procedure during which energy is extracted from a heat bath and converted to work, in apparent violation of the second law of thermodynamics. This paradox is resolved by deriving an explicit relationship between the average work delivered during one cycle of operation, and the average information gained when measuring the system's energy.
MCMC for Imbalanced Categorical Data
Creators: name: Johndrow, James E.
name: Smith, Aaron
name: Pillai, Natesh
name: B. Dunson, David
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Plant Biology

description: Many modern applications collect highly imbalanced categorical data, with some categories relatively rare. Bayesian hierarchical models combat data sparsity by borrowing information, while also quantifying uncertainty. However, posterior computation presents a fundamental barrier to routine use; a single class of algorithms does not work well in all settings and practitioners waste time trying different types of Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) approaches. This article was motivated by an application to quantitative advertising in which we encountered extremely poor computational performance for data augmentation MCMC algorithms but obtained excellent performance for adaptive Metropolis. To obtain a deeper understanding of this behavior, we derive theoretical results on the computational complexity of commonly used data augmentation algorithms and the Random Walk Metropolis algorithm for highly imbalanced binary data. In this regime, our results show computational complexity of Metropolis is logarithmic in sample size, while data augmentation is polynomial in sample size. The root cause of this poor performance of data augmentation is a discrepancy between the rates at which the target density and MCMC step sizes concentrate. Our methods also show that MCMC algorithms that exhibit a similar discrepancy will fail in large samples—a result with substantial practical impact. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Supplementary document for Lens-less single-fiber ghost imaging - 6653253.pdf
Creators: name: Wakayama, Toshitaka
name: Higuchi, Yudai
name: Kondo, Rikuto
name: Mizutani, Yasuhiro
name: Higashiguchi, Takeshi
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Optical Physics not elsewhere classified

description: Supplementary file
title: Geomechanical modelling of sinkhole development using distinct elements
title: model verification for a single void space and application to the Dead Sea area
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Al-Halbouni, Djamil
name: Holohan, Eoghan P.
name: Taheri, Abbas
name: Schöpfer, Martin P. J.
name: Emam, Sacha
name: Dahm, Torsten
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 550 Geowissenschaften

description: Mechanical and/or chemical removal of material from the subsurface may generate large subsurface cavities, the destabilisation of which can lead to ground collapse and the formation of sinkholes. Numerical simulation of the interaction of cavity growth, host material deformation and overburden collapse is desirable to better understand the sinkhole hazard but is a challenging task due to the involved high strains and material discontinuities. Here, we present 2-D distinct element method numerical simulations of cavity growth and sinkhole development. Firstly, we simulate cavity formation by quasi-static, stepwise removal of material in a single growing zone of an arbitrary geometry and depth. We benchmark this approach against analytical and boundary element method models of a deep void space in a linear elastic material. Secondly, we explore the effects of properties of different uniform materials on cavity stability and sinkhole development. We perform simulated biaxial tests to calibrate macroscopic geotechnical parameters of three model materials representative of those in which sinkholes develop at the Dead Sea shoreline: mud, alluvium and salt. We show that weak materials do not support large cavities, leading to gradual sagging or suffusion-style subsidence. Strong materials support quasi-stable to stable cavities, the overburdens of which may fail suddenly in a caprock or bedrock collapse style. Thirdly, we examine the consequences of layered arrangements of weak and strong materials. We find that these are more susceptible to sinkhole collapse than uniform materials not only due to a lower integrated strength of the overburden but also due to an inhibition of stabilising stress arching. Finally, we compare our model sinkhole geometries to observations at the Ghor Al-Haditha sinkhole site in Jordan. Sinkhole depth ∕ diameter ratios of 0.15 in mud, 0.37 in alluvium and 0.33 in salt are reproduced successfully in the calibrated model materials. The model results suggest that the observed distribution of sinkhole depth ∕ diameter values in each material type may partly reflect sinkhole growth trends.
description: Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe; 1061
Mesomorphic, magnetic and DFT studies of biphenyl-based molecule with various substituted anilines
Creators: name: Iskandar, Nur Amanina Juniasari Tun Nur
name: Yeap, Guan-Yeow
name: Yusop, Noratiqah
name: Ibrahim, Noor Baa’yah
name: Kikuchi, Kodai
name: Fukaya, Ryo
name: Kaneko, Kazuyoshi
name: Shimizu, Akio
name: Maeta, Nobuyuki
name: Masato, M. Ito
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: A new series of liquid crystals consisting of biphenyl unit connected to phenyl core system have been successfully prepared wherein various substituents X= OCH3, F, Cl, Br and I were introduced in the para position of the imine fragment while the length of terminal alkoxy chain of seven carbon atoms was intact. The mesomorphic and thermal studies by POM and DSC exhibit dominant enantiotropic nematic (N) phase. A relatively weak magnetism was detected with vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) for compounds 3F and 3I at room temperature, wherein the magnetic strength of fluoro-substituted compound appeared stronger than the iodo-substituted compound. The connectivity between the substituents X and their kinetic stability associated with the changes in HOMO-LUMO energy gap value (ΔEgap) supports that the terminal substituents X have great influence on the ΔEgap which can be ascribed to the chemical activity of the compounds. Present study shows an increase in the ΔEgap from OCH3 < I < Br < Cl < F, where the largest ΔEgap indicates high molecular kinetic stability and low chemical reactivity because adding electrons to high-lying LUMO is energetically unfavourable, resulting in disruption of the molecular packing and reduction of nematogenic, which were validated by DSC and POM.
Sermones de tempore et de sanctis
Creators: name: Albertus Magnus, Saint, Bp. Of Ratisbon, 1193?-1280
Publisher: name: Ulm: Johann Zainer
Year: 2017

description: Some marginal manuscript annotations; closely trimmed; signatures cut away?

 Initials, initial strokes, paragraph marks and underlines supplied in red.
Herschel/PACS Imaging of Protostars in the HH 1-2 Outflow Complex
Creators: name: Fischer, W. J.
name: Megeath, S. T.
name: Ali, Babar
name: Tobin, J. J.
name: Osorio, M.
name: Allen, L. E.
name: Kryukova, E.
name: Stanke, T.
name: Stutz, A. M.
name: Bergin, E.
name: Calvet, N.
name: Di Francesco, J.
name: Furlan, E.
name: Hartmann, L.
name: Henning, T.
name: Krause, O.
name: Manoj, P.
name: Maret, S.
name: Muzerolle, J.
name: Myers, P.
name: Neufeld, D.
name: Pontoppidan, K.
name: Poteet, C. A.
name: Watson, D. M.
name: Wilson, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present 70 and 160 micron Herschel science demonstration images of a field in the Orion A molecular cloud that contains the prototypical Herbig-Haro objects HH 1 and 2, obtained with the Photodetector Array Camera and Spectrometer (PACS). These observations demonstrate Herschel's unprecedented ability to study the rich population of protostars in the Orion molecular clouds at the wavelengths where they emit most of their luminosity. The four protostars previously identified by Spitzer 3.6-40 micron imaging and spectroscopy are detected in the 70 micron band, and three are clearly detected at 160 microns. We measure photometry of the protostars in the PACS bands and assemble their spectral energy distributions (SEDs) from 1 to 870 microns with these data, Spitzer spectra and photometry, 2MASS data, and APEX sub-mm data. The SEDs are fit to models generated with radiative transfer codes. From these fits we can constrain the fundamental properties of the protostars. We find luminosities in the range 12-84 L_sun and envelope densities spanning over two orders of magnitude. This implies that the four protostars have a wide range of envelope infall rates and evolutionary states: two have dense, infalling envelopes, while the other two have only residual envelopes. We also show the highly irregular and filamentary structure of the cold dust and gas surrounding the protostars as traced at 160 microns.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in the A&A Herschel special issue
Proposing LT based Search in PDM Systems for Better Information Retrieval
Creators: name: Ahmed, Zeeshan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: PDM Systems contain and manage heavy amount of data but the search mechanism of most of the systems is not intelligent which can process user"s natural language based queries to extract desired information. Currently available search mechanisms in almost all of the PDM systems are not very efficient and based on old ways of searching information by entering the relevant information to the respective fields of search forms to find out some specific information from attached repositories. Targeting this issue, a thorough research was conducted in fields of PDM Systems and Language Technology. Concerning the PDM System, conducted research provides the information about PDM and PDM Systems in detail. Concerning the field of Language Technology, helps in implementing a search mechanism for PDM Systems to search user"s needed information by analyzing user"s natural language based requests. The accomplished goal of this research was to support the field of PDM with a new proposition of a conceptual model for the implementation of natural language based search. The proposed conceptual model is successfully designed and partially implementation in the form of a prototype. Describing the proposition in detail the main concept, implementation designs and developed prototype of proposed approach is discussed in this paper. Implemented prototype is compared with respective functions of existing PDM systems .i.e., Windchill and CIM to evaluate its effectiveness against targeted challenges.
description: 15 pages, 31 figures
Supporting Information for Quantitative confocal microscopy and calibration for measuring differences in cyclic-di-GMP signaling by bacteria on biomedical hydrogels
Creators: name: Blacutt, Jacob
name: Ziyang Lan
name: Cosgriff-Hernandez, Elizabeth M.
name: Gordon, Vernita D.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 90301 Biomaterials
subject: FOS: Medical engineering
subject: 90399 Biomedical Engineering not elsewhere classified

description: This file contains 6 supplementary figures showing: (S1) NMR spectra of the two PEGDA types used; (S2-S5) probability density functions of WT and Dpily1 bacteria (both reporter and control) on both gel types, at each imaging timepoint; (S6) the difference in skewness and kurtosis for WT and Dpily1 populations on both gel types.
On Modeling the Response of Synovial Fluid: Unsteady Flow of a Shear-Thinning, Chemically-Reacting Fluid Mixture
Creators: name: Bridges, Craig
name: Karra, Satish
name: Rajagopal, K. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the flow of a shear-thinning, chemically-reacting fluid that could be used to model the flow of the synovial fluid. The actual geometry where the flow of the synovial fluid takes place is very complicated, and therefore the governing equations are not amenable to simple mathematical analysis. In order to understand the response of the model, we choose to study the flow in a simple geometry. While the flow domain is not a geometry relevant to the flow of the synovial fluid in the human body it yet provides a flow which can be used to assess the efficacy of different models that have been proposed to describe synovial fluids. We study the flow in the annular region between two cylinders, one of which is undergoing unsteady oscillations about their common axis, in order to understand the quintessential behavioral characteristics of the synovial fluid. We use the three models suggested by Hron et al. [ J. Hron, J. Málek, P. Pustějovská, K. R. Rajagopal, On concentration dependent shear-thinning behavior in modeling of synovial fluid flow, Adv. in Tribol. (In Press).] to study the problem, by appealing to a semi-inverse method. The assumed structure for the velocity field automatically satisfies the constraint of incompressibility, and the balance of linear momentum is solved together with a convection-diffusion equation. The results are compared to those associated with the Newtonian model. We also study the case in which an external pressure gradient is applied along the axis of the cylindrical annulus.
description: 25 pages, 11 figures, accepted in Computers & Applications with Mathematics
Analysis of Alternative Metrics for the PAPR Problem in OFDM Transmission
Creators: name: Wunder, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The effective PAPR of the transmit signal is the standard metric to capture the effect of nonlinear distortion in OFDM transmission. A common rule of thumb is the log$(N)$ barrier where $N$ is the number of subcarriers which has been theoretically analyzed by many authors. Recently, new alternative metrics have been proposed in practice leading potentially to different system design rules which are theoretically analyzed in this paper. One of the main findings is that, most surprisingly, the log$(N)$ barrier turns out to be much too conservative: e.g. for the so-called amplifier-oriented metric the scaling is rather $\log[ \log(N)]$. To prove this result, new upper bounds on the PAPR distribution for coded systems are presented as well as a theorem relating PAPR results to these alternative metrics.
description: 5 pages, IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT), 2011, accepted for publication
B -> D* l nu at zero recoil: an update
Creators: name: Bailey, Jon A.
name: Bazavov, A.
name: Bernard, C.
name: Bouchard, C. M.
name: DeTar, C.
name: El-Khadra, A. X.
name: Freeland, E. D.
name: Gámiz, E.
name: Gottlieb, Steven
name: Heller, U. M.
name: Hetrick, J. E.
name: Kronfeld, A. S.
name: Laiho, J.
name: Levkova, L.
name: Mackenzie, P. B.
name: Oktay, M. B.
name: Simone, J. N.
name: Sugar, R.
name: Toussaint, D.
name: Van de Water, R. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an update of our calculation of the form factor for B -> D* l nu at zero recoil, with higher statistics and finer lattices. As before, we use the Fermilab action for b and c quarks, the asqtad staggered action for light valence quarks, and the MILC ensembles for gluons and light quarks (Lüscher-Weisz married to 2+1 rooted staggered sea quarks). In this update, we have reduced the total uncertainty on F(1) from 2.6% to 1.7%. At Lattice2010 we presented a still-blinded result, but this writeup includes the unblinded result from the September 2010 CKM workshop.
description: 7 pp., 2 figs, presented at Lattice 2010, June 14-19, 2010, Villasimius, Italy
Risking vulnerability : enacting moral agency in the is/ought gap in mental health care
Creators: name: Musto, Lynn Corinne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: The definition of moral distress (MD) was put forward 35 years ago to explain the distress nurses felt when they experienced moral compromise. Making a moral judgment, enacting moral agency, and having constraints on agency have been identified as central to the experience. The known consequences of MD for health care professionals (HCPs), health care organizations, and patient care, are significant. Yet, researchers have struggled to develop meaningful interventions. The enactment of moral agency and constraints on agency are linked together in the experience. Constraints have been identified as being internal to the HCP, or external to the HCP and rooted in the context in which HCPs work. I argue that constraints on agency are dynamic (Musto & Rodney, 2016) and that gaining clarity on MD requires exploring the experience at the intersection of structure and agency. I engaged in this study to explore how HCPs navigated ethically challenging situations in complex acute mental health settings. I conducted this research using grounded theory (GT) methods. Grounded theory (GT) methodology allowed me to focus on the processes participants engaged in when they confronted ethical challenges. The study was multidisciplinary, conducted across two urban acute care mental health sites. I gathered data through semistructured interviews and observation. The basic social problem participants attempted to negotiate was systemic inhumanity, or the inability of the health care system to consistently extend respect, compassion, and dignity to individuals struggling with mental health issues. The resulting model, Risking Vulnerability: Enacting Moral Agency in the Is/Ought Gap, explains how participants were able to act as moral agents in the particular context they were embedded in. Participants negotiated ethical challenges relationally, by risking vulnerability; that is, holding their professional obligations, clinical expertise, and organizational processes in tension with their own vulnerability in the system. This study highlights the importance for organizations to create a relational space in which HCPs are safe to explore ethical questions about how policies and practices may dehumanize individuals struggling with mental health issues. Thereby contribute to conflicts between care that is actually given (Is) and care that aligns with professional moral obligations (Ought).
HerMES: SPIRE galaxy number counts at 250, 350 and 500 microns
Creators: name: Oliver, S. J.
name: Wang, L.
name: Smith, A. J.
name: Altieri, B.
name: Amblard, A.
name: Arumugam, V.
name: Auld, R.
name: Aussel, H.
name: Babbedge, T.
name: Blain, A.
name: Bock, J.
name: Boselli, A.
name: Buat, V.
name: Burgarella, D.
name: Castro-Rodriguez, N.
name: Cava, A.
name: Chanial, P.
name: Clements, D. L.
name: Conley, A.
name: Conversi, L.
name: Cooray, A.
name: Dowell, C. D.
name: Dwek, E.
name: Eales, S.
name: Elbaz, D.
name: Fox, M.
name: Franceschini, A.
name: Gear, W.
name: Glenn, J.
name: Griffin, M.
name: Halpern, M.
name: Hatziminaoglou, E.
name: Ibar, E.
name: Isaak, K.
name: Ivison, R. J.
name: Lagache, G.
name: Levenson, L.
name: Lu, N.
name: Madden, S.
name: Maffei, B.
name: Mainetti, G.
name: Marchetti, L.
name: Mitchell-Wynne, K.
name: Mortier, A. M. J.
name: Nguyen, H. T.
name: O'Halloran, B.
name: Omont, A.
name: Page, M. J.
name: Panuzzo, P.
name: Papageorgiou, A.
name: Pearson, C. P.
name: Perez-Fournon, I.
name: Pohlen, M.
name: Rawlings, J. I.
name: Raymond, G.
name: Rigopoulou, D.
name: Rizzo, D.
name: Roseboom, I. G.
name: Rowan-Robinson, M.
name: Portal, M. Sanchez
name: Savage, R.
name: Schulz, B.
name: Scott, Douglas
name: Seymour, N.
name: Shupe, D. L.
name: Stevens, J. A.
name: Symeonidis, M.
name: Trichas, M.
name: Tugwell, K. E.
name: Vaccari, M.
name: Valiante, E.
name: Valtchanov, I.
name: Vieira, J. D.
name: Vigroux, L.
name: Ward, R.
name: Wright, G.
name: Xu, C. K.
name: Zemcov, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Emission at far-infrared wavelengths makes up a significant fraction of the total light detected from galaxies over the age of Universe. Herschel provides an opportunity for studying galaxies at the peak wavelength of their emission. Our aim is to provide a benchmark for models of galaxy population evolution and to test pre-existing models of galaxies. With the Herschel Multi-tiered Extra-galactic survey, HerMES, we have observed a number of fields of different areas and sensitivity using the SPIRE instrument on Herschel. We have determined the number counts of galaxies down to ~20 mJy. Our constraints from directly counting galaxies are consistent with, though more precise than, estimates from the BLAST fluctuation analysis. We have found a steep rise in the Euclidean normalised counts at <100 mJy. We have directly resolved 15% of the infrared extra-galactic background at the wavelength near where it peaks.
description: Astronomy and Astrophysics, Herschel Special Issue, in press as a Letter; 5 pages
A Bayesian Hierarchical Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic Model for Network Meta-Analysis of Diagnostic Tests
Creators: name: Lian, Qinshu
name: Hodges, James S.
name: Chu, Haitao
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: In studies evaluating the accuracy of diagnostic tests, three designs are commonly used, crossover, randomized, and noncomparative. Existing methods for meta-analysis of diagnostic tests mainly consider the simple cases in which the reference test in all or none of the studies can be considered a gold standard test, and in which all studies use either a randomized or noncomparative design. The proliferation of diagnostic instruments and the diversity of study designs create a need for more general methods to combine studies that include or do not include a gold standard test and that use various designs. This article extends the Bayesian hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic model to network meta-analysis of diagnostic tests to simultaneously compare multiple tests within a missing data framework. The method accounts for correlations between multiple tests and for heterogeneity between studies. It also allows different studies to include different subsets of diagnostic tests and provides flexibility in the choice of summary statistics. The model is evaluated using simulations and illustrated using real data on tests for deep vein thrombosis, with sensitivity analyses. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Intermediate Mass Fragment Production In Symmetric Collisions
Creators: name: Jain, Anupriya
name: Singh, Bahadur
name: Kumar, Suneel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a complete systematic theoretical study of multifragmentation and its associated phenomena in heavy ion collisions. This study is performed within an Isospin dependent Quantum Molecular Dynamical Model (IQMD) and using Minimum Spanning Tree (MST) algorithm. Simulations are carried out to study the different parameters like time evolution of multiplicity, mass distribution, impact parameter dependence and IMF's production dependence of projectile & target mass. The rise and fall in multiplicity of IMF's is observed. Results are compared with experimental data of ALADIN and are found to be in close agreement.
31985: A useful shirt
Creators: name: Project, Lockdown2020 and Beyond
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 479999
subject: Other language, communication and culture not elsewhere classified

description: I used to spend three hours a day travelling to and from the university, and about 3 hours a day talking to people in meetings from 2 - 50 people. Now I see only one person all day, and spend 6-7 hours in my dining room.
Index theory for basic Dirac operators on Riemannian foliations
Creators: name: Brüning, Jochen
name: Kamber, Franz W.
name: Richardson, Ken
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C12, 57R30, 58G10

description: In this paper we prove a formula for the analytic index of a basic Dirac-type operator on a Riemannian foliation, solving a problem that has been open for many years. We also consider more general indices given by twisting the basic Dirac operator by a representation of the orthogonal group. The formula is a sum of integrals over blowups of the strata of the foliation and also involves eta invariants of associated elliptic operators. As a special case, a Gauss-Bonnet formula for the basic Euler characteristic is obtained using two independent proofs.
description: 33 pages
Incipit preclaru[m] op[us] q[uo]d Biblia paup[er]um appellat[ur] p[er]utile omnib[us] predicatoribus
Creators: name: Hannapes, Nicolas De, 1225?-1291
Publisher: name: [Venice] : [Georgius Walch]
Year: 2015

description: Bound in parchment.

 Written in 2 columns; capital spaces, with guide letters in quire a.

 Includes index.
SO(3)-Structures on 8-manifolds
Creators: name: Chiossi, Simon G.
name: Maciá, Óscar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C10 (Primary) 53C15, 53C26 (Secondary)

description: We study Riemannian 8-manifolds with an infinitesimal action of SO(3) by which each tangent space breaks into irreducible spaces of dimensions 3 and 5. The relationship with quaternionic, almost product- and PSU-geometry is thoroughly explained using representation-theoretical arguments.
description: 19 pages, 2 figures
Downregulation of lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal epithelial cell chemokine secretion by a novel MAO B inhibitor
Creators: name: Wang, Xiaojiao
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a membrane component of Gram-negative bacteria. Enzyme monoamine oxidase B (MAO B) gene and protein expression was upregulated in diseased tissue of LPS-induced periodontal mucosal chronic inflammation in rat; MAO inhibition with phenelzine reduced signs of inflammation (Ekuni et al., 2009). Current MAO inhibitors are brain permeable and clinically used to treat CNS-associated diseases. Interestingly, some of them showed promising peripheral effects. To manage chronic non-CNS inflammation, Dr. Putnins and collaborators redeveloped novel MAO B inhibitors with reduced blood-brain barrier permeability. These novel inhibitors have significantly reduced LPS-induced cytokine gene and protein expression in various epithelial and endothelial cell models via unknown mechanisms. We investigated the possible signaling pathways mediating LPS-induced interleukin-8 (IL-8) protein expression, and the mechanism by which novel MAO B inhibitor Compound B reduced such effects in intestinal epithelial cell line Caco-2 cells. Caco-2 cell differentiation was induced by culturing in Transwell-inserts for extended culture times. MAO B protein expression, levels of IL-8 secretion, total NF-kB p65 nuclear translocation, phosphorylation of NF-kB p65 at Ser536 and phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38 and JNK MAPKs were assessed following stimulation by LPS with or without Compound B in differentiated and undifferentiated Caco-2 cultures via immunoprecipitation, ELISA, immunofluorescence and Western blotting. We showed that LPS-induced IL-8 secretion in Caco-2 cultures was independent of the common LPS-induced signaling pathways including NF-kB p65 nuclear translocation and phosphorylation of NF-kB p65 and MAPKs. MAO B protein expression was only detected in differentiated Caco-2 cultures. Compound B exhibited equal efficacy at downregulating LPS-induced IL-8 secretion in both undifferentiated and differentiated Caco-2 cultures. In summary, IL-8 downregulation by Compound B appears to be independent of the presence of MAO B protein, suggesting a possible off-target effect.
BKM Lie superalgebra for the Z_5 orbifolded CHL string
Creators: name: Krishna, K. Gopala
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the Z_5-orbifolding of the CHL string theory by explicitly constructing the modular form tilde{Phi}_2 generating the degeneracies of the 1/4-BPS states in the theory. Since the additive seed for the sum form is a weak Jacobi form in this case, a mismatch is found between the modular forms generated from the additive lift and the product form derived from threshold corrections. We also construct the BKM Lie superalgebra, tilde{G}_5, corresponding to the modular form tilde{Delta}_1 (Z) = tilde{Phi}_2 (Z)^{1/2} which happens to be a hyperbolic algebra. This is the first occurrence of a hyperbolic BKM Lie superalgebra. We also study the walls of marginal stability of this theory in detail, and extend the arithmetic structure found by Cheng and Dabholkar for the N=1,2,3 orbifoldings to the N=4,5 and 6 models, all of which have an infinite number of walls in the fundamental domain. We find that analogous to the Stern-Brocot tree, which generated the intercepts of the walls on the real line, the intercepts for the N >3 cases are generated by linear recurrence relations. Using the correspondence between the walls of marginal stability and the walls of the Weyl chamber of the corresponding BKM Lie superalgebra, we propose the Cartan matrices for the BKM Lie superalgebras corresponding to the N=5 and 6 models.
description: 30 pages, 2 figures
31989: My community choir in lockdown
Creators: name: Project, Lockdown2020 and Beyond
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 479999
subject: Other language, communication and culture not elsewhere classified

description: I'm working from home, and have been since March 10th 2020. Working from home actually means sitting at one end of the kitchen table, and managing my 10 year old's home schooling at the other. My partner is working from home downstairs, and our nearly-teenage daughter has converted the guest bedroom into a home study to do schoolwork with her friends. So I'm not doing much 'fun' work (research); but just about keeping on top of the transition to new ways of working, teaching graduate students and examining. We have been in lockdown before - when one of our children was immunocompromised for 3 years during treatment for childhood leukaemia, so perhaps we were more ready to make the adjustment. To keep sane (then, and now), I sing in a community choir in Oxford. This singing time is the only fixed point of my week, and has been for 7 years now. The video I am sharing is a videos we created and shared widely, for fun, and it captures the creativity and inventiveness of coping with staying at home.
31993: Bedroom Birdwatching
Creators: name: Project, Lockdown2020 and Beyond
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 479999
subject: Other language, communication and culture not elsewhere classified

description: Basically the lyrics to Blur's Parklife except the park is my garden and there's no 'hand-in-hand' business. I'll watch the birds from my bedroom window to take a break from my work, the deadline almost certainly too close for comfort.
Electronic Structure of the Cuprate Superconducting and Pseudogap Phases from Spectroscopic Imaging STM
Creators: name: Schmidt, A R
name: Fujita, K
name: Kim, E -A
name: Lawler, M J
name: Eisaki, H
name: Uchida, S
name: Lee, D-H
name: Davis, J C
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We survey the use of spectroscopic imaging STM to probe the electronic structure of underdoped cuprates. Two distinct classes of electronic states are observed in both the d-wave superconducting (dSC) and the pseudogap (PG) phases. The first class consists of the dispersive Bogoliubov quasiparticle excitations of a homogeneous d-wave superconductor, existing below a lower energy scale E=Delta0. We find that the Bogoliubov quasiparticle interference signatures of delocalized Cooper pairing are restricted to a k-space arc which terminates near the lines connecting k=\pm(pi/a0,0) to k=\pm(pi/a0). This arc shrinks continuously with decreasing hole density such that Luttinger's theorem could be satisfied if it represents the front side of a hole-pocket which is bounded behind by the lines between k=\pm(pi/a0,0) and k=\pm(0,pi/a0). In both phases the only broken symmetries detected for the |E|
description: 32 pages with 10 figures
Tuning the electronic transport properties of graphene through functionalisation with fluorine
Creators: name: Withers, F.
name: Russo, S.
name: Dubois, M.
name: Craciun, M. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Engineering the electronic properties of graphene has triggered great interest for potential applications in electronics and opto-electronics. Here we demonstrate the possibility to tune the electronic transport properties of graphene monolayers and multilayers by functionalisation with fluorine. We show that by adjusting the fluorine content different electronic transport regimes can be accessed. For monolayer samples, with increasing the fluorine content, we observe a transition from electronic transport through Mott variable range hopping in two dimensions to Efros - Shklovskii variable range hopping. Multilayer fluorinated graphene with high concentration of fluorine show two-dimensional Mott variable range hopping transport, whereas CF0.28 multilayer flakes have a band gap of 0.25eV and exhibit thermally activated transport. Our experimental findings demonstrate that the ability to control the degree of functionalisation of graphene is instrumental to engineer different electronic properties in graphene materials.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Christliche Weltverantwortung – Kirche als moralische Instanz in der Gesellschaft?
Creators: name: Bischof, Franz Xaver
name: Sautermeister, Jochen
Publisher: name: Münchener Theologische Zeitschrift
Year: 2019

description: Münchener Theologische Zeitschrift, Bd. 68 Nr. 4 (2017)
Association between event-free survival and overall survival after neoadjuvant treatment for non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Ostoros, Gyula
name: Hettle, Robert
name: Georgoulia, Nefeli
name: Berktas, Mehmet
name: Chander, Pratibha
name: Perez, Ignacio Diaz
name: Couto, Anne-Marie
name: Eichinger, Christian
name: Field, Polly
name: Morten, Peter
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Medicine
Cell Biology
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: We wanted to evaluate if event-free survival (EFS) is a reliable surrogate for overall survival (OS) in patients with resectable non-small cell lung cancer (r-NSCLC) receiving neoadjuvant therapy. We conducted a systematic literature review and meta-analysis to investigate the statistical association between EFS and OS. Electronic databases were searched on 30 July 2021 to identify sources reporting both EFS and OS data in patients with stage I–IIIB r-NSCLC receiving neoadjuvant therapy. Correlation and regression analyses evaluated the association between the effect of treatment on EFS and OS using log-hazard ratios (HRs). Sources in which the entire population had epidermal growth factor receptor mutations were excluded from the analyses. We identified 74 sources, of which 8 reported EFS and OS HRs from randomized controlled trials. Based on these, we found a positive linear correlation and a strong association between EFS and OS log-HRs (weighted Pearson’s correlation coefficient r = 0.864; 95% confidence interval 0.809–0.992; P = 0.006; random-effects meta-regression, R2 = 0.777). We found a strong association between treatment effects for EFS and OS, indicating that improvements in EFS are likely to be predictive of improvements in OS. EFS may therefore be a reliable surrogate for OS after neoadjuvant therapy in r-NSCLC.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced cutaneous melanoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of efficacy and review of characteristics
Creators: name: Mahdiabadi, Sara
name: Momtazmanesh, Sara
name: Karimi, Amirali
name: Rezaei, Nima
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Space Science
Medicine
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are one of the most promising approaches toward advanced melanoma. Here, we aimed to perform a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the efficacy of all studied ICIs. We conducted a comprehensive search to identify the relevant publications (PROSPERO registration ID: CRD42023470649). Then we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of different ICIs for metastatic melanoma. We used Cochrane’s tool to assess the quality of studies. The outcome measures were overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and recurrence-free survival (RFS). Twenty reports of RCTs entered our systematic review, 18 of which were included in our data analysis. ICIs showed improved survival compared with control group (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.57; 95% CI: 0.43–0.71; P<0.001). Using a meta-regression, we found a significant relation between patients’ mean age and their OS (P<0.001, R2 = 100.00%). Also, our analysis revealed greater HR for CTLA-4 inhibitors than PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors (HR = 0.71, 95%CI: 0.63–0.79, P<0.001 vs. HR = 0.63, 95%CI: 0.46–0.79, P<0.001). The effect sizes of different types of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors were comparable Our results suggest that ICI-based immunotherapy is associated with enhanced OS, PFS, and RFS (P < 0.001) and will assist clinicians in choosing the optimal approach toward treating metastatic melanoma.
The Roles of Tidal Evolution and Evaporative Mass Loss in the Origin of CoRoT-7 b
Creators: name: Jackson, Brian
name: Miller, Neil
name: Barnes, Rory
name: Raymond, Sean N.
name: Fortney, Jonathan
name: Greenberg, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CoRoT-7 b is the first confirmed rocky exoplanet, but, with an orbital semi-major axis of 0.0172 AU, its origins may be unlike any rocky planet in our solar system. In this study, we consider the roles of tidal evolution and evaporative mass loss in CoRoT-7 b's history, which together have modified the planet's mass and orbit. If CoRoT-7 b has always been a rocky body, evaporation may have driven off almost half its original mass, but the mass loss may depend sensitively on the extent of tidal decay of its orbit. As tides caused CoRoT-7 b's orbit to decay, they brought the planet closer to its host star, thereby enhancing the mass loss rate. Such a large mass loss also suggests the possibility that CoRoT-7 b began as a gas giant planet and had its original atmosphere completely evaporated. In this case, we find that CoRoT-7 b's original mass probably didn't exceed 200 Earth masses (about 2/3 of a Jupiter mass). Tides raised on the host star by the planet may have significantly reduced the orbital semi-major axis, perhaps causing the planet to migrate through mean-motion resonances with the other planet in the system, CoRoT-7 c. The coupling between tidal evolution and mass loss may be important not only for CoRoT-7 b but also for other close-in exoplanets, and future studies of mass loss and orbital evolution may provide insight into the origin and fate of close-in planets, both rocky and gaseous.
description: Accepted for publication by MNRAS on 2010 May 7
Unimodular loop quantum gravity and the problems of time
Creators: name: Smolin, Lee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop the quantization of unimodular gravity in the Plebanski and Ashtekar formulations and show that the quantum effective action defined by a formal path integral is unimodular. This means that the effective quantum geometry does not couple to terms in the expectation value of the energy-momentum tensor proportional to the metric tensor. The path integral takes the same form as is used to define spin foam models, with the additional constraint that the determinant of the four metric is constrained to be a constant by a gauge fixing term. We also review the proposal of Unruh, Wald and Sorkin- that the hamiltonian quantization yields quantum evolution in a physical time variable equal to elapsed four volume-and discuss how this may be carried out in loop quantum gravity. This then extends the results of arXiv:0904.4841 to the context of loop quantum gravity.
description: 14 pages lagex, no figures
31995: P.E. with Joe
Creators: name: Project, Lockdown2020 and Beyond
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 479999
subject: Other language, communication and culture not elsewhere classified

description: At the beginning of the lockdown, Joe Wicks started to run fitness sessions on Youtube at 9am in the morning, for children to keep them fit during the lockdown.
He quickly became very popular and received a world record for 'most viewers for a fitness workout live stream on YouTube' when over 1 million viewers tuned in.
I got used to people mentioning that they were doing 'Joe Wicks' in the morning and participated myself for about a month.
Separating invariants for the basic G_a-actions
Creators: name: Elmer, Jonathan
name: Kohls, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13A50, 13N15

description: We explicitly construct a finite set of separating invariants for the basic $\Ga$-actions. These are the finite dimensional indecomposable rational linear representations of the additive group $\Ga$ of a field of characteristic zero, and their invariants are the kernel of the Weitzenböck derivation $D_{n}=x_{0}\frac{\partial}{\partial{x_{1}}}+...+ x_{n-1}\frac{\partial}{\partial{x_{n}}}$.
description: 10 pages
A Stellar Rotation Census of B Stars: from ZAMS to TAMS
Creators: name: Huang, Wenjin
name: Gies, Douglas R.
name: McSwain, M. Virginia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two recent observing campaigns provide us with moderate dispersion spectra of more than 230 cluster and 370 field B stars. Combining them and the spectra of the B stars from our previous investigations ($\sim$430 cluster and $\sim$100 field B stars) yields a large, homogeneous sample for studying the rotational properties of B stars. We derive the projected rotational velocity $V\sin i$, effective temperature, gravity, mass, and critical rotation speed $V_{\rm crit}$ for each star. We find that the average $V\sin i$ is significantly lower among field stars because they are systematically more evolved and spun down than their cluster counterparts. The rotational distribution functions of $V_{\rm eq}/V_{\rm crit}$ for the least evolved B stars show that lower mass B stars are born with a larger proportion of rapid rotators than higher mass B stars. However, the upper limit of $V_{\rm eq}/V_{\rm crit}$ that may separate normal B stars from emission line Be stars (where rotation promotes mass loss into a circumstellar disk) is smaller among the higher mass B stars. We compare the evolutionary trends of rotation (measured according to the polar gravity of the star) with recent models that treat internal mixing. The spin-down rates observed in the high mass subset ($\sim 9 M_\odot$) agree with predictions, but the rates are larger for the low mass group ($\sim 3 M_\odot$). The faster spin down in the low mass B stars matches well with the predictions based on conservation of angular momentum in individual spherical shells. Our results suggest the fastest rotators (that probably correspond to the emission line Be stars) are probably formed by evolutionary spin up (for the more massive stars) and by mass transfer in binaries (for the full range of B star masses).
description: 44 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Low-Temperature Dependences of the Polarization of Terahertz Emission from $n$-Germanium in Heating Electric Fields
Creators: name: Bondar, V. M.
name: Tomchuk, P. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As was noted in [3], in order to verify the assumption that the behavior of the polarization dependences of the terahertz emission by hot electrons from $n$-Ge is determined by the type of carrier scattering, it is necessary to perform temperature measurements of this dependence in the range between the temperatures, where the scattering is determined by impurities and by acoustic lattice vibrations, respectively. The given work presents the results of such investigations.