cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Income inequality and mobility in geometric Brownian motion with stochastic resetting: theoretical results and empirical evidence of non-ergodicity
Creators: name: Stojkoski, Viktor
name: Jolakoski, Petar
name: Pal, Arnab
name: Sandev, Trifce
name: Kocarev, Ljupco
name: Metzler, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the role of non-ergodicity in the relationship between income inequality, the extent of concentration in the income distribution, and mobility, the feasibility of an individual to change their position in the income distribution. For this purpose, we explore the properties of an established model for income growth that includes "resetting" as a stabilising force which ensures stationary dynamics. We find that the dynamics of inequality is regime-dependent and may range from a strictly non-ergodic state where this phenomenon has an increasing trend, up to a stable regime where inequality is steady and the system efficiently mimics ergodic behaviour. Mobility measures, conversely, are always stable over time, but the stationary value is dependent on the regime, suggesting that economies become less mobile in non-ergodic regimes. By fitting the model to empirical data for the dynamics of income share of the top earners in the United States, we provide evidence that the income dynamics in this country is consistently in a regime in which non-ergodicity characterises inequality and immobility dynamics. Our results can serve as a simple rationale for the observed real world income dynamics and as such aid in addressing non-ergodicity in various empirical settings across the globe.
PGIR 20eid (SN2020qmp): A Type IIP Supernova at 15.6 Mpc discovered by the Palomar Gattini-IR survey
Creators: name: Srinivasaragavan, G. P.
name: Sfaradi, I.
name: Jencson, J.
name: De, K.
name: Horesh, A.
name: Kasliwal, M. M.
name: Tinyanont, S.
name: Hankins, M.
name: Schulze, S.
name: Ashley, M. C. B.
name: Graham, M. J.
name: Karambelkar, V.
name: Lau, R.
name: Mahabal, A. A.
name: Moore, A. M.
name: Ofek, E. O.
name: Sharma, Y.
name: Sollerman, J.
name: Soon, J.
name: Soria, R.
name: Travouillon, T.
name: Walters, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed analysis of SN 2020qmp, a nearby type IIP core-collapse supernova (CCSN), discovered by the Palomar Gattini-IR (PGIR) survey in the galaxy UGC07125. We illustrate how the multiwavelength study of this event helps our general understanding of stellar progenitors and circumstellar medium (CSM) interactions in CCSNe. We also highlight the importance of near-infrared (NIR) surveys for early detections of SNe in dusty environments. SN 2020qmp displays characteristic hydrogen lines in its optical spectra, as well as a plateau in its optical LC, hallmarks of a type IIP SN. We do not detect linear polarization during the plateau phase, with a 3 sigma upper limit of 0.78%. Through hydrodynamical LC modeling and an analysis of its nebular spectra, we estimate a progenitor mass of around 11 solar masses, and an explosion energy of around 0.8e51 erg. We find that the spectral energy distribution cannot be explained by a simple CSM interaction model, assuming a constant shock velocity and steady mass-loss rate, and the excess X-ray luminosity compared with the synchrotron radio luminosity suggests deviations from equipartition. Finally, we demonstrate the advantages of NIR surveys over optical surveys for the detection of dust-obscured CCSNe in the local universe. Specifically, our simulations show that the Wide-Field Infrared Transient Explorer will detect about 14 more CCSNe out of 75 expected in its footprint within 40 Mpc, over five years than an optical survey equivalent to the Zwicky Transient Facility would detect. We have determined or constrained the main properties of SN 2020qmp and of its progenitor, highlighting the value of multiwavelength follow-up observations of nearby CCSNe. We have also shown that forthcoming NIR surveys will finally enable us to do a nearly complete census of CCSNe in the local universe.
description: 15 pages, 14 figures, Accepted in Astronomy & Astrophysics; Revised version after referee comments and language edits from journal
title: People, place and practices
title: digital technologies in the changing world of fire management in northern Australia
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Crough, Julie Anne
Publisher: name: Charles Darwin University
Year: 2015

description: Decades of research have demonstrated that fire management is one of the key land management issues for northern Australia. Fire management, through caring for country programs and carbon markets, provide livelihood opportunities and future options for Aboriginal people living in Australia’s tropical savannas. Such opportunities have potential socio-cultural, health and economic benefits for Indigenous communities as well as collateral benefits including biodiversity conservation and greenhouse gas emissions reduction. This research critically analyses the current theories and research underpinning the nexus between fire management, digital technologies, capacity building, training and learning for Indigenous and non-Indigenous people in northern Australia. The research focuses on a limited stakeholder analysis with fire managers and other people involved in fire management in northern Australia. The study also investigates two significant fire abatement projects as case studies involving Payment for Environmental Services schemes: West Arnhem Land Fire Abatement (WALFA) and Fish River Station. This investigation demonstrates how digital technologies have transformed recent perceptions and practices in fire management in Australia’s fire-prone savannas. Digital technologies have also been instrumental in reinstating more traditional burning practices that were disrupted with European settlement. However, the research findings identify how existing digital tools and rigid regulatory frameworks for the carbon markets can unintentionally establish power relations and marginalise Aboriginal people from participating more integrally in fire management and abatement opportunities. As successfully demonstrated in WALFA, the researcher recommends approaches that move towards convergence of seemingly incommensurate knowledge systems that connect and work together in fire operations. Such approaches involve prioritising pathways that build capacity, particularly for Indigenous people. From a convergent place-based space, targeted adaptive training programs are recommended that develop transferable capabilities such as computer literacies, GIS and business skills. These will empower Indigenous stakeholders, particularly rangers, to participate more integrally in fire management and abatement opportunities in northern Australia.
Composition and antioxidant activity of Senecio nudicaulis Wall. ex DC. (Asteraceae): a medicinal plant growing wild in Himachal Pradesh, India
Creators: name: Sharma, Pankaj
name: G.C. Shah
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Microbiology
subject: Biochemistry

description: The composition of essential oil isolated from Senecio nudicaulis Wall. ex DC. growing wild in Himachal Pradesh, India, was analysed, for the first time, by capillary gas chromatography (GC) and GC–mass spectrometry. A total of 30 components representing 95.3% of the total oil were identified. The essential oil was characterised by a high content of oxygenated sesquiterpenes (54.97%) with caryophyllene oxide (24.99%) as the major component. Other significant constituents were humulene epoxide-II (21.25%), α-humulene (18.75%), β-caryophyllene (9.67%), epi-α-cadinol (2.90%), epi-α-muurolol (2.03%), β-cedrene (1.76%), longiborneol (1.76%), 1-tridecene (1.16%) and citronellol (1.13%). The oil was screened for antioxidant activity using DPPH, ABTS and nitric oxide-scavenging assay. The oil was found to exhibit significant antioxidant activity by scavenging DPPH, ABTS and nitric oxide radicals with IC50 values of 10.61 ± 0.14 μg mL− 1, 11.85 ± 0.28 μg mL− 1 and 11.29 ± 0.42 μg mL− 1, respectively.
Bioplatforms Australia - CSIRO NGS Workshop (July 9-10 2012)
Creators: name: Jerico Revote
name: Bethwaite, Blair
name: Aung, Swe Win
name: Quenette, Steve
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Research story artefact of the Bioplatforms Australia - CSIRO NGS Workshop (July 9-10 2012) on the Monash Research Cloud (R@CMon).
Biotransformation of agallochaexcoerin A by Aspergillus flavus
Creators: name: Sura, Madhu Babu
name: Ankireddy, Madhu
name: Mangala Gowri Ponnapalli
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Microbiology
subject: Physics
subject: Engineering
subject: Biochemistry

description: Agallochaexcoerin A (1), a seco-manoyl oxide diterpenoid was metabolised by pathogenic fungus, Aspergillus flavus, in growth media to yield a new metabolite, termed agallochaexcoerin G (2). It was confirmed by using IR, UV, 1H NMR and HR-ESI-MS techniques. This microbial bioconversion was achieved by unusual dehydration at C-4 position.
Screw dislocations in cubic chiral magnets
Creators: name: Azhar, Maria
name: Kravchuk, Volodymyr P.
name: Garst, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Helimagnets realize an effective lamellar ordering that supports disclination and dislocation defects. Here, we investigate the micromagnetic structure of screw dislocation lines in cubic chiral magnets using analytical and numerical methods. The far field of these dislocations is universal and classified by an integer strength $ν$ that characterizes the winding of magnetic moments. We demonstrate that a rich variety of dislocation-core structures can be realized even for the same strength $ν$. In particular, the magnetization at the core can be either smooth or singular. We present a specific example with $ν= 1$ for which the core is composed of a chain of singular Bloch points. In general, screw dislocations carry a non-integer but finite skyrmion charge so that they can be efficiently manipulated by spin currents.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures
Alkaloid extracts of Ficus species and palm oil-derived tocotrienols synergistically inhibit proliferation of human cancer cells
Creators: name: Abubakar, Ibrahim Babangida
name: Kuan-Hon Lim
name: Hwei-San Loh
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Hematology
subject: Cancer
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biochemistry

description: Tocotrienols have been reported to possess anticancer effects other than anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. This study explored the potential synergism of antiproliferative effects induced by individual alkaloid extracts of Ficus fistulosa, Ficus hispida and Ficus schwarzii combined with δ- and γ-tocotrienols against human brain glioblastoma (U87MG), lung adenocarcinoma (A549) and colorectal adenocarcinoma (HT-29) cells. Cell viability and morphological results demonstrated that extracts containing a mixture of alkaloids from the leaves and bark of F. schwarzii inhibited the proliferation of HT-29 cells, whereas the alkaloid extracts of F. fistulosa inhibited the proliferation of both U87MG and HT-29 cells and showed synergism in combined treatments with either δ- or γ-tocotrienol resulting in 2.2–34.7 fold of reduction in IC50 values of tocotrienols. The observed apoptotic cell characteristics in conjunction with the synergistic antiproliferative effects of Ficus species-derived alkaloids and tocotrienols assuredly warrant future investigations towards the development of a value-added chemotherapeutic regimen against cancers.
Comprehensive analysis of spherical bubble oscillations and shock wave emission in laser-induced cavitation
Creators: name: Liang, Xiao-Xuan
name: Linz, Norbert
name: Freidank, Sebastian
name: Paltauf, Guenther
name: Vogel, Alfred
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of spherical laser-induced cavitation bubbles in water is investigated by plasma photography, time-resolved shadowgraphs, and single-shot probe beam scattering enabling to portray the transition from initial nonlinear to late linear oscillations. The frequency of late oscillations yields the bubble's gas content. Simulations with the Gilmore model using plasma size as input and oscillation times as fit parameter provide insights into experimentally not accessible bubble parameters and shock wave emission. The model is extended by a term covering the initial shock-driven acceleration of the bubble wall, an automated method determining shock front position and pressure decay, and an energy balance for the partitioning of absorbed laser energy into vaporization, bubble and shock wave energy, and dissipation through viscosity and condensation. These tools are used for analysing a scattering signal covering 102 oscillation cycles. The bubble was produced by a plasma with 1550 K average temperature and had 36 $μ$m maximum radius. Predicted bubble wall velocities during expansion agree well with experimental data. Upon first collapse, most energy was stored in the compressed liquid around the bubble and then radiated away acoustically. The collapsed bubble contained more vapour than gas, and its pressure was 13.5 GPa. The pressure of the rebound shock wave initially decayed $\propto r^{-1.8}$, and energy dissipation at the shock front heated liquid near the bubble wall above the superheat limit. The shock-induced temperature rise reduces damping during late bubble oscillations. Bubble dynamics changes significantly for small bubbles with less than 10 $μ$m radius.
description: 75 pages, 20 figures
Leptonic Scalars and Collider Signatures in a UV-complete Model
Creators: name: Dev, P. S. Bhupal
name: Dutta, Bhaskar
name: Ghosh, Tathagata
name: Han, Tao
name: Qin, Han
name: Zhang, Yongchao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the non-standard interactions of neutrinos with light leptonic scalars ($ϕ$) in a global $(B-L)$-conserved ultraviolet (UV)-complete model. The model utilizes Type-II seesaw motivated neutrino interactions with an $SU(2)_L$-triplet scalar, along with an additional singlet in the scalar sector. This UV-completion leads to an enriched spectrum and consequently new observable signatures. We examine the low-energy lepton flavor violation constraints, as well as the perturbativity and unitarity constraints on the model parameters. Then we lay out a search strategy for the unique signature of the model resulting from the leptonic scalars at the hadron colliders via the processes $H^{\pm\pm} \to W^\pm W^\pm ϕ$ and $H^\pm \to W^\pm ϕ$ for both small and large leptonic Yukawa coupling cases. We find that via these associated production processes at the HL-LHC, the prospects of doubly-charged scalar $H^{\pm\pm}$ can reach up to 800 (500) GeV and 1.1 (0.8) TeV at the $2σ\ (5σ)$ significance for small and large Yukawa couplings, respectively. A future 100 TeV hadron collider will further increase the mass reaches up to 3.8 (2.6) TeV and 4 (2.7) TeV, at the $2σ\ (5σ)$ significance, respectively. We also demonstrate that the mass of $ϕ$ can be determined at about 10% accuracy at the LHC for the large Yukawa coupling case even though it escapes as missing energy from the detectors.
description: 47 pages, 11 tables, 13 figures; one more subsection added for the intermediate Yukawa coupling scenario; other minor changes and more references; version published in JHEP
Approximating Density Probability Distribution Functions Across Cosmologies
Creators: name: Chen, Huanqing
name: Gnedin, Nickolay Y.
name: Mansfield, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a suite of self-similar cosmological simulations, we measure the probability distribution functions (PDFs) of real-space density, redshift-space density, and their geometric mean. We find that the real-space density PDF is well-described by a function of two parameters: $n_s$, the spectral slope, and $σ_L$, the linear rms density fluctuation. For redshift-space density and the geometric mean of real- and redshift-space densities, we introduce a third parameter, $s_L={\sqrt{\langle(dv^L_{\rm pec}/dr)^2\rangle}}/{H}$. We find that density PDFs for the LCDM cosmology is also well-parameterized by these three parameters. As a result, we are able to use a suite of self-similar cosmological simulations to approximate density PDFs for a range of cosmologies. We make the density PDFs publicly available and provide an analytical fitting formula for them.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures, submitted to ApJ, comments welcome
Menon-type identities concerning subsets of the set $\{1,2,\ldots,n\}$
Creators: name: Tóth, László
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11A25, 11A05, 11B75

description: We prove certain Menon-type identities associated with the subsets of the set $\{1,2,\ldots,n\}$ and related to the functions $f$, $f_k$, $Φ$ and $Φ_k$, defined and investigated by Nathanson (2007).
description: 5 pages, revised
Forbidden Scalar Dark Matter and Dark Higgses
Creators: name: Wojcik, George N.
name: Rizzo, Thomas G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As experimental searches for WIMP dark matter continue to yield null results, models beyond the WIMP paradigm have proliferated in order to elude ever improving observational constraints, among them that of sub-GeV dark matter mediated by a massive vector portal (a dark photon) associated with a new dark $U(1)$ gauge symmetry. It has been previously noted that for a significant range of the parameter space of this class of models, the annihilation of dark matter particles into a pair of dark photons can dominate the freeze-out process even when this process is kinematically forbidden for dark matter at rest -- this is known as the "forbidden dark matter" (FDM) regime. Prior studies of this regime, however, assume that any "dark Higgs" associated with breaking the dark $U(1)$ and imparting mass to the dark photon is decoupled from the dark matter and as such plays no role in the freeze-out process. In this paper, we explore the effects of a dark Higgs on sub-GeV dark matter phenomenology in this FDM regime by considering the simplest possible construction in which there exist non-trivial dark matter-dark Higgs couplings: a model with a single complex scalar DM candidate coupled directly to the dark Higgs field. We find that for a wide range of parameter space, the dark Higgs can alter the resulting relic abundance by many orders of magnitude, and that this effect can remain significant even for a small dark matter-dark Higgs coupling constant. Considering measurements from direct detection and measurements of the CMB, we further find that points in this model's parameter space which recreate the appropriate dark matter relic abundance suffer only mild constraints from other sources at present, but may become accessible in near-future direct detection experiments.
description: 28 pages + references, 13 figures, v3: Discussions and new plots of experimental constraints added, version accepted to JHEP
CESSDA SaW D2.2: Knowledge-Sharing Platform Content and Management Policy
Creators: name: Bezjak, Sonja
name: Vipavc Brvar, Irena
name: Recker, Jonas
name: Alfredsson, Iris
name: Jerlehag, Birger
name: Milon, Jean-Baptiste
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Strategy and Policy

description: Building on the results of the Virtual Stakeholder’s Forum (D2.1), this report details how the content and functionality of the CESSDA Knowledge-Sharing Platform will be developed, and describes how it will be run, managed and maintained post-project.
Thermal Fluctuations in the Dissipation Range of Homogeneous Isotropic Turbulence
Creators: name: Bell, John B.
name: Nonaka, Andrew
name: Garcia, Alejandro L.
name: Eyink, Gregory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 76F02

description: Using fluctuating hydrodynamics we investigate the effect of thermal fluctuations in the dissipation range of homogeneous, isotropic turbulence. Simulations confirm theoretical predictions that the energy spectrum is dominated by these fluctuations at length scales comparable to the Kolmogorov length. We also find that the extreme intermittency in the far-dissipation range predicted by Kraichnan is replaced by Gaussian thermal equipartition.
Power law decay of entanglement quantifiers in a single agent to a many body system coupling
Creators: name: Shpielberg, Ohad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Manipulating many body quantum systems is a challenge. A useful way to achieve it would be to entangle the system to a diluted system, with a small particle number. Preparation of such entangled states can be facilitated as ground state of a many body Hamiltonian or the steady state of a many body open quantum system. Here we study two-site lattice models with a conserved boson number, biased to display a large occupancy in one of the sites. The Von Neumann entanglement entropy as well as the Logarithmic negativity show a typical power law decay in $R$, the occupancy ratio between the two sites. These results imply that it is feasible to entangle a large many body system to a single atom, as recently reported experimentally.
A Shortcut to Self-Consistent Light-Matter Interaction and Realistic Spectra from First-Principles
Creators: name: Schäfer, Christian
name: Johansson, Göran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a simple approach how an electromagnetic environment can be efficiently embedded into state-of-the-art electronic structure methods, taking the form of radiation-reaction forces. We demonstrate that this self-consistently provides access to radiative emission, natural linewidth, Lamb shifts, strong-coupling, electromagnetically induced transparency, Purcell-enhanced and superradiant emission. As an example, we illustrate its seamless integration into time-dependent density-functional theory with virtually no additional cost, presenting a convenient shortcut to light-matter interactions.
The genetic dissection of isolated congenital asplenia in humans
Creators: name: Bolze, Alexandre
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: This is my PhD thesis done in the laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases at the Rockefeller University, under the supervision of Dr. Jean-Laurent Casanova. My thesis work was to identify the genetic etiology of isolated congenital asplenia, which is chracterized by the absence of spleen at birth. It predisposes patients to severe bacterial infections early in childhood. This project is one piece of the puzzle made by the genetic theory of infectious diseases that hypothesizes that life-threatening infectious diseases striking otherwise healthy children may also result from single-gene inborn errors of immunity. Throughout my PhD, I used whole-exome sequencing and I was very lucky to discover the first case of FADD deficiency, a new phenotype associated with SLC29A3 deficiency, and RPSA haploinsufficiency. I was not able to finish my work on RPSA before my defense so the results are only preliminary regarding the link between RPSA and isolated congenital asplenia.
A Little Bit of Carbon Can do a Lot for Superconductivity in H$_3$S
Creators: name: Wang, Xiaoyu
name: Bi, Tiange
name: Hilleke, Katerina P.
name: Lamichhane, Anmol
name: Hemley, Russell J.
name: Zurek, Eva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: First-principles calculations were carried out to provide a chemical basis for proposed structures associated with the recently reported room-temperature superconductivity in a carbonaceous sulfur hydride material under pressure. Calculations were performed on supercells of H$_3$S doped with 1.85-25\% carbon, corresponding to SH$_3$~$\rightarrow$~CH$_3$ or SH$_3$~$\rightarrow$~CH$_4$ substitutions, primarily at pressures of 270 GPa where the maximum critical temperature, $T_c$, has been reported. In the first type of substitution, the carbon atoms can be six-fold coordinated, stabilizing a CH$_6$ configuration within the cubic H$_3$S framework structure that forms under pressure. In the second, the carbon can be four-fold coordinated as methane intercalated into the H-S lattice, with or without an additional hydrogen in the framework. The results indicate that unusual local bonding configurations with respect to carbon can be stabilized under pressure. The doping breaks degenerate bands, lowering the density of states at the Fermi level ($N_F$), and localizing electrons in C-H bonds. Low levels of CH$_4$ doping do not increase $N_F$ to values as high as those calculated for $Im\bar{3}m$ H$_3$S, but they do result in a larger logarithmic average phonon frequency, and an electron-phonon coupling parameter comparable to that of $R3m$ H$_3$S. The $T_c$s estimated for carbon doping levels ranging from 1.85-5.7\% are compatible with experimental measurements for the C-S-H superconductor.
A discrete Darboux-Lax scheme for integrable difference equations
Creators: name: Fisenko, Xenia
name: Konstantinou-Rizos, Sotiris
name: Xenitidis, Pavlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37K60, 39A36, 35Q55, 16T25

description: We propose a discrete Darboux-Lax scheme for deriving auto-Bäcklund transformations and constructing solutions to quad-graph equations that do not necessarily possess the 3D consistency property. As an illustrative example we use the Adler-Yamilov type system which is related to the nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation [19]. In particular, we construct an auto-Bäcklund transformation for this discrete system, its superposition principle, and we employ them in the construction of the one- and two-soliton solutions of the Adler-Yamilov system.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Referential CAD based on CPI (2013e)
Creators: name: J Perezgonzalez
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2014
Subjects: Economics

description: Referential CAD provides the inflator/deflator multiplier for standardizing referential Canadian dollars (rCAD, r$). It is based on the average annual CPI (Consumer Price Index) for Canada (Statistics Canada, 2013). (Also retrievable from WikiofScience.)
Chess AI: Competing Paradigms for Machine Intelligence
Creators: name: Maharaj, Shiva
name: Polson, Nick
name: Turk, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Endgame studies have long served as a tool for testing human creativity and intelligence. We find that they can serve as a tool for testing machine ability as well. Two of the leading chess engines, Stockfish and Leela Chess Zero (LCZero), employ significantly different methods during play. We use Plaskett's Puzzle, a famous endgame study from the late 1970s, to compare the two engines. Our experiments show that Stockfish outperforms LCZero on the puzzle. We examine the algorithmic differences between the engines and use our observations as a basis for carefully interpreting the test results. Drawing inspiration from how humans solve chess problems, we ask whether machines can possess a form of imagination. On the theoretical side, we describe how Bellman's equation may be applied to optimize the probability of winning. To conclude, we discuss the implications of our work on artificial intelligence (AI) and artificial general intelligence (AGI), suggesting possible avenues for future research.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures
Recurrent Neural Networks for Partially Observed Dynamical Systems
Creators: name: Bhat, Uttam
name: Munch, Stephan B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Complex nonlinear dynamics are ubiquitous in many fields. Moreover, we rarely have access to all of the relevant state variables governing the dynamics. Delay embedding allows us, in principle, to account for unobserved state variables. Here we provide an algebraic approach to delay embedding that permits explicit approximation of error. We also provide the asymptotic dependence of the first order approximation error on the system size. More importantly, this formulation of delay embedding can be directly implemented using a Recurrent Neural Network (RNN). This observation expands the interpretability of both delay embedding and RNN and facilitates principled incorporation of structure and other constraints into these approaches.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Signals of quark combination at hadronization in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=200$ GeV
Creators: name: Song, Jun
name: Li, Hai-hong
name: Shao, Feng-lan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find signals of quark combination at hadronization from the experimental data of $p_{T}$ spectra of hadrons at mid-rapidity in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=200$ GeV. The first is the constituent quark number scaling property for $p_{T}$ spectra of $Ω^{-}$ and $ϕ$ and that for $p_{T}$ spectra of $p$ and $ρ^{0}$. The second is that $p_{T}$ spectra of $Λ$, $Ξ^{-}$, and $K^{*0}$ can be self-consistently described using the spectrum of strange quarks from $ϕ$ data and that of up/down quarks from $p$ data in the equal-velocity combination mechanism. The third is that experimental data for $p_{T}$ spectrum of $D^{*+}$ are also well described using the spectrum of up/down quarks from $p$ data and that of charm quarks from perturbative QCD calculations. These results indicate a similarity between hadron production in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=200$ GeV and that at LHC energies. We predict $p_{T}$ spectra of single-charm hadrons and their spectrum ratios. We suggest systematic measurements in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=200$ GeV in future so as to better understand the property of small parton system created in $pp$ collisions at different collision energies.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Aerobic Oxidation of Alcohols Catalyzed by a New ZnO-Supported Copper Oxide Nanocatalyst in Aqueous Media
Creators: name: Albadi, Jalal
name: Alihoseinzadeh, Amir
name: Mansournezhad, Azam
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Microbiology

description: ZnO-supported copper oxide nanocatalyst is reported as an efficient recyclable catalyst for the aerobic oxidation of alcohols in the presence of oxygen as the oxidant. The catalyst was prepared by coprecipitation method and characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis. A variety of primary and secondary alcohols were oxidized into the corresponding carbonyl compounds in good to excellent yields. The catalyst can be recovered by simple filtration and recycled up to five consecutive runs without significant decrease in the catalytic activity.
title: Marcel Gauchet en discussion
Publisher: name: EHESS
Year: 2015

description: À l'occasion de sa dernière année de séminaire à l'EHESS, le CESPRA et   l'AMEP organisent une journée de débat autour de l'œuvre de Marcel   Gauchet et en sa présence. Il s'agit de mettre en perspective ses   principales propositions dans le cadre de trois tables rondes   thématiques : Religion, laïcité, fondamentalismes ; Mutations   anthropologiques de l'individu contemporain ; Crise de la démocratie.   Les interventions viseront autant à éclairer la fécondité des analyses   gauchetiennes qu'à les soumettre à discussion. Marcel Gauchet prendra   ainsi la parole à l'issue de chacune des tables rondes pour répondre aux   questions qui lui auront été posées, avant de prononcer la conférence   de clôture intitulée "Pour la philosophie politique".
Local tensor-network codes
Creators: name: Farrelly, Terry
name: Tuckett, David K.
name: Stace, Thomas M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tensor-network codes enable the construction of large stabilizer codes out of tensors describing smaller stabilizer codes. An application of tensor-network codes was an efficient and exact decoder for holographic codes. Here, we show how to write some topological codes, including the surface code and colour code, as simple tensor-network codes. We also show how to calculate distances of stabilizer codes by contracting a tensor network. The algorithm actually gives more information, including a histogram of all logical coset weights. We prove that this method is efficient in the case of holographic codes. Using our tensor-network distance calculator, we find a modification of the rotated surface code that has the same distance but fewer minimum-weight logical operators by injecting the non-CSS five-qubit code tensor into the tensor network. This corresponds to an improvement in successful error correction of up to 2% against depolarizing noise (in the perfect-measurement setting), but comes at the cost of introducing four higher-weight stabilizers. Our general construction lets us pick a network geometry (e.g., a Euclidean lattice in the case of the surface code), and, using only a small set of seed codes (constituent tensors), build extensive codes with the potential for optimisation.
description: 6+5 pages, 6 figures
Sulfamic Acid: Efficient, Cost-Effective Catalyst for Facile Synthesis of Deazaoxaflavin at Ambient Temperature
Creators: name: Mansing M. Mane
name: Dattaprasad M. Pore
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biotechnology
Molecular Biology
Medicine
Biochemistry
Biological Sciences
Chemistry
Earth and Environmental Sciences

description: A facile, ecofriendly procedure has been developed for the synthesis of substituted 5-deaza-10-oxaflavins by sulfamic acid–catalyzed two-component condensation of salicylaldehyde and barbituric acid at ambient temperature. Mild reaction conditions, short reaction time, ambient temperature, ecofriendly solvent system, wide substrate scope, simple workup procedure, no need for chromatographic separation, and good yields are auxiliary advantages of the present protocol.
Rotating particles in AdS: Holography at weak gauge coupling and without conformal symmetry
Creators: name: Kitamura, Tomotaka
name: Miyashita, Shoichiro
name: Sekino, Yasuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider gauge/gravity correspondence between maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory in ($p+1$) dimensions and superstring theory on the near-horizon limit of the D$p$-brane solution. The string-frame metric is AdS$_{p+1}\times S^{8-p}$ times a Weyl factor, and there is no conformal symmetry except for $p=3$. In a previous paper by one of the present authors, the free-field result of gauge theory has been reproduced from string theory for a particular operator which has angular momentum along $S^{8-p}$. In this paper, we extend this result to operators which have angular momenta along AdS$_{p+2}$. Our approach is based on a Euclidean formulation proposed by Dobashi, Shimada and Yoneya and on the "string bit" picture. We first show that the spinning string solution in Lorentzian AdS, found by Gubser, Klebanov and Polyakov, can be recast in a form which connects two points on the boundary of Euclidean AdS. Transition amplitudes of such strings can be interpreted as gauge theory correlators. We study the case of zero gauge coupling by ignoring interactions among string bits (massless particles in ten-dimensional spacetime which constitute a string), and show that the free-field results of gauge theory are reproduced.
description: 38 pages; v2: Corrected typos; v3: Corrected a misleading statement about fluctuations around the geodesic at the end of Sec. 4, and presented explicit calculations in Appendix A. Conclusion of the paper is unchanged
Analysis of Different Sets of Spin-Adapted Substitution Operators in Open-Shell Coupled Cluster Theory
Creators: name: Herrmann, Nils
name: Hanrath, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In spin-adapted open-shell coupled cluster (CC) theory, the choice of spin-free spatial substitution operators is generally not unique. Due to an increasing linear dependence of the cluster operator (with increasing substitution level), the options to span identical linear spaces increase rapidly. In this work several sets of non-orthogonal as well as orthogonal spin-adapted substitution operators are generated and used in consecutive Configuration Interaction (CI) and CC calculations. All (full) operator sets were generated to span the same linear space. The results are analyzed in terms of the produced wave function quality and the amount of recovered correlation energy w.r.t. full CI. In particular, the influence of different amounts of spectators, the influence of orthogonality as well as the effect of spin incompleteness was investigated. It was found that CC calculations involving fewer spectators lead to more accurate results in general. Here correlation energy differences of up to 0.32\% for minimal to maximal spectating sets were obtained. As expected, all conducted calculations led to identical results for non-orthogonal and orthogonal operator sets. Spin completeness on the other hand was found to be of great importance. Spin-incomplete Cluster operators led to significant errors in both the correlation energies and the FCI overlap.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables
A Study of Fake News Reading and Annotating in Social Media Context
Creators: name: Simko, Jakub
name: Racsko, Patrik
name: Tomlein, Matus
name: Hanakova, Martin
name: Moro, Robert
name: Bielikova, Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.5.2; H.5.4; K.4.2; H.3.1

description: The online spreading of fake news is a major issue threatening entire societies. Much of this spreading is enabled by new media formats, namely social networks and online media sites. Researchers and practitioners have been trying to answer this by characterizing the fake news and devising automated methods for detecting them. The detection methods had so far only limited success, mostly due to the complexity of the news content and context and lack of properly annotated datasets. One possible way to boost the efficiency of automated misinformation detection methods, is to imitate the detection work of humans. It is also important to understand the news consumption behavior of online users. In this paper, we present an eye-tracking study, in which we let 44 lay participants to casually read through a social media feed containing posts with news articles, some of which were fake. In a second run, we asked the participants to decide on the truthfulness of these articles. We also describe a follow-up qualitative study with a similar scenario but this time with 7 expert fake news annotators. We present the description of both studies, characteristics of the resulting dataset (which we hereby publish) and several findings.
IN03207 Alutnuvara Slab Inscription 3
Creators: name: Bell, H. C. P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: IN03207
Epigraphia Zeylanica
Alutnuvara

description: IN03207 Alutnuvara Slab Inscription 3 - Transcript and Translation Source: Bell, H. C. P. (1904). Report on the Kegalla District of the Province of Sabaragamuwa. Archaeological Survey of Ceylon, Sessional Papers, No. XIX – 1892. Colombo: J. A. Skeen, pp. 80–81.
Paleoclimate Shaped Bluefish Structure in the Northern Hemisphere
Creators: name: Miralles, Laura
name: Pardiñas, Antonio F.
name: Juanes, Francis
name: Garcia-Vazquez, Eva
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences

description: ABSTRACTBluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix), a highly migratory cosmopolitan predator, is the only extant representative of the family Pomatomidae. It has been the subject of many studies due to its commercial and recreational value, but much less research has been conducted on its global population structure. Here we investigate the population structure of this species and the effects of present and past oceanographic barriers to dispersal in its North Atlantic, Mediterranean, Marmara, and Black sea populations. We employed mitochondrial (cytochrome b and cytochrome oxidase subunit I genes) and nuclear (eight microsatellite loci) DNA as molecular markers. Three main genetic units of Bluefish were identified: American (West Atlantic waters), Spanish (East Atlantic–Western Mediterranean regions), and Turkish (Eastern Mediterranean, Marmara, and Black seas). Our results suggested that Bluefish is panmictic in the northwest Atlantic Ocean but not in the Mediterranean Sea. The common ancestor of the studied populations was traced back to the interglacial cycle Aftonian II, and the separation between clades was estimated to have occurred during glacial periods, likely due to migrations to refuges and the closure of the Mediterranean Sea. In conclusion, paleoclimate seems to have been fundamental for shaping the present genetic lineages of Pomatomus saltatrix.
Complex magnetic ground states and topological electronic phases of atomic spin chains on superconductors
Creators: name: Neuhaus-Steinmetz, Jannis
name: Vedmedenko, Elena Y.
name: Posske, Thore
name: Wiesendanger, Roland
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the magnetic properties of atomic chains on superconductors is an essential cornerstone on the road towards controlling and constructing topological electronic matter. Yet, even in simple models, the magnetic ground states remain debated. Ferromagnetic (FM), antiferromagnetic (AFM), and spin spiral configurations have been suggested and experimentally detected, while non-coplanar and complex collinear phases have been additionally conjectured. Here, we resolve parts of the controversy by determining the magnetic ground states of chains of magnetic atoms in proximity to a superconductor with Monte-Carlo methods. We confirm the existence of FM, AFM and spin spiral ground states, exclude non-coplanar phases in the model and clarify the parametric region of a $\uparrow\uparrow\downarrow\downarrow$-phase. We further identify a number of novel complex collinear spin configurations, including the periodic spin configurations $\uparrow\uparrow\uparrow\downarrow$, and $\uparrow \uparrow \uparrow \downarrow \uparrow \downarrow \downarrow \downarrow \uparrow \downarrow$, which are in some cases combined with harmonic and anharmonic spirals to form the ground state. We topologically classify the electronic structures, investigate their stability against increasing the superconducting order parameter, and explain the complex collinear order by an effective Heisenberg model with dominant four-spin interactions.
Characterization of alpha and beta interactions in liquid xenon
Creators: name: Jörg, Florian
name: Cichon, Dominick
name: Eurin, Guillaume
name: Hötzsch, Luisa
name: Undagoitia, Teresa Marrodán
name: Rupp, Natascha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Liquid xenon based detectors have achieved great sensitivities in rare event searches. Precise knowledge of the scintillation and ionization responses of the medium is essential to correctly model different interaction types in the detector including both signal and background-like ones. The response of liquid xenon to low energy electrons and to alpha particles has been studied in the Heidelberg Xenon (HeXe) dual-phase xenon TPC. We determine the light and charge signal yields for keV-energy electrons and MeV-energy alpha particles as well as the electron drift velocity for electric drift fields between 7.5 and 1640 V/cm. A three dimensional simulation using COMSOL Multiphysics(R) is used to characterize the applied drift field and its homogeneity.
description: 16 pages, 21 figures. Associated data is available under https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5525214