cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Οι επιδόσεις παιδιών δημοτικού σε έργα θεωρίας του νου ως προβλεπτικός παράγοντας των ρόλων που αναλαμβάνουν σε περιστατικά εκφοβισμού: ο ρυθμιστικός ρόλος της ενσυναίσθησης και της κοινωνικής τους ικ:
Creators: name: Μπαξεβάνη, Μαγδαληνή Νικολάου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2014
Subjects: Θεωρία του νου (ΘτΝ)
Εκφοβισμός
Κοινωνική Ικανότητα
Theory of Mind (ToM)
Bullying
Social competence

description: Σκοπός της διατριβής ήταν η διερεύνηση, σε παιδιά του δημοτικού, αν η ικανότητα της αντίληψης των νοητικών καταστάσεων των άλλων ανθρώπων (Θεωρία του Νου) προβλέπει τον εκφοβισμό, τη θυματοποίηση και την ανάληψη των συμμετοχικών ρόλων κατά τα περιστατικά θυματοποίησης, όπως η προστασία των θυμάτων, η ενίσχυση και βοήθεια των επιτιθέμενων και η ουδέτερη παρατήρηση. Ένας επιπλέον στόχος ήταν η διερεύνηση αν ρυθμίζουν άλλες μεταβλητές τις παραπάνω σχέσεις. Πιο ειδικά, εξετάστηκε αν η ικανότητα της συναισθηματικής ενσυναίσθησης και η κοινωνική ικανότητα, δηλαδή η εκδήλωση θετικής κοινωνικής και αντικοινωνικής συμπεριφοράς, ρυθμίζουν τη σχέση της Θεωρίας του Νου με τον εκφοβισμό, τη θυματοποίηση και τους συμμετοχικούς ρόλους. Επιπλέον, αυτές οι σχέσεις εξετάστηκαν και για κάθε φύλο ξεχωριστά.
description: The aim of the present thesis was to examine if during the elementary school years the understanding of the mental states of others (Theory of Mind) predicts bullying, victimization and the adoption of any participant role during bullying, like defending the victimized children, reinforcing/assisting bullies and staying outside of bullying situations (outsiders). Furthermore, an additional aim was to study if these relationships were mediated by other variables. More specifically, we examined if affective empathy and social competence, which was measured by the display of prosocial and antisocial behavior, were playing any mediating role in the relationship of Theory of Mind with bullying, victimization and the participant roles. Moreover, these relationships were also examined for every gender separately.
SnO/$β$-Ga2O3 vertical $pn$ heterojunction diodes
Creators: name: Budde, Melanie
name: Splith, Daniel
name: Mazzolini, Piero
name: Tahraoui, Abbes
name: Feldl, Johannes
name: Ramsteiner, Manfred
name: von Wenckstern, Holger
name: Grundmann, Marius
name: Bierwagen, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vertical $pn$ heterojunction diodes were prepared by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy of unintentionally-doped $p$-type SnO layers with hole concentrations ranging from $p=10^{18}$ to $10^{19}$cm$^{-3}$ on unintentionally-doped $n$-type $β$-Ga$_{2}$O$_{3}$(-201) substrates with an electron concentration of $n=2.0\times10^{17}$cm$^{-3}$. The SnO layers consist of (001)-oriented grains without in-plane expitaxial relation to the substrate. After subsequent contact processing and mesa etching (which drastically reduced the reverse current spreading in the SnO layer and associated high leakage) electrical characterization by current-voltage and capacitance-voltage measurement was performed. The results reveal a type-I band alignment and junction transport by thermionic emission in forward bias. A rectification of $2\times10^{8}$ at $\pm1$V, an ideality factor of 1.16, differential specific on-resistance of 3.9m$Ω\thinspace$cm$^{2}$, and built-in voltage of 0.96V were determined. The $pn$-junction isolation prevented parallel conduction in the highly-conductive Ga$_{2}$O$_{3}$ substrate (sheet resistance $R_{S}\approx3\thinspaceΩ$) during van-der-Pauw Hall measurements of the SnO layer on top ($R_{S}\approx150$k$Ω$, $p\approx2.5\times10^{18}$cm$^{-3}$, Hall mobility $\approx1$cm$^{2}$/Vs). The measured maximum reverse breakdown voltage of the diodes was 66V, corresponding to a peak breakdown field 2.2MV/cm in the Ga$_{2}$O$_{3}$-depletion region. Higher breakdown voltages that are required in high-voltage devices could be achieved by reducing the donor concentration in the $β$-Ga$_{2}$O$_{3}$ to increase the depletion width as well as improving the contact geometry to reduce field crowding.
Baryon enhancement in high-density QCD and relativistic heavy ion collisions
Creators: name: Li, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that the collinear factorization of the fragmentation functions in high energy nuclear collisions breaks down at transverse momenta $p_T \lesssim Q_s/g$ due to high parton densities in the colliding hadrons and/or nuclei. We find that gluon recombination dominates in that $p_T$ region. We calculate the inclusive cross-section for $π$ meson and nucleon production using the low energy theorems for the scale anomaly in QCD, and compare our quantitative baryon-to-meson ratio to the RHIC data.
description: 4 pages, 2 figure; Contribution to Quark Matter 2008 in Jaipur, India; submitted to J. Phys. G
Analysis of the reliability of LoRa
Creators: name: Qadir, Qahhar Muhammad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This letter studies the performance of a single gateway LoRa system in the presence of different interference considering the imperfect orthogonality effect. It utilizes concepts of stochastic geometry to present a low-complexity approximate closed-form model for computing the success and coverage probabilities under these challenging conditions. Monte Carlo simulation results have shown that LoRa is not as theoretically described as a technology that can cover few to ten kilometers. It was found that in the presence of the combination of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and imperfect orthogonality between spreading factors (SF), the performance degrades dramatically beyond a couple of kilometers. However, better performance is observed when perfect orthogonality is considered and SNR is not included. Furthermore, the performance is annulus dependent and slightly improves at the border of the deployment cell annuli. Finally, the coverage probability declines exponentially as the average number of end devices grows.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
A search for Lyman Break Galaxies at z>8 in the NICMOS Parallel Imaging Survey
Creators: name: Henry, Alaina L.
name: Malkan, Matthew A.
name: Colbert, James W.
name: Siana, Brian
name: Teplitz, Harry I.
name: McCarthy, Patrick
name: Yan, Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have selected 14 J-dropout Lyman Break Galaxy (LBG) candidates with J110 - H160 > 2.5 from the NICMOS Parallel Imaging Survey. This survey consists of 135 square arcminutes of imaging in 228 independent sight lines, reaching average 5 sigma sensitivities of J110 = 25.8 and H160 = 25.6 (AB). Distinguishing these candidates from dust reddened star forming galaxies at z ~ 2-3 is difficult, and will require longer wavelength observations. We consider the likelihood that any J-dropout LBGs exist in this survey, and find that if L*(z=9.5) is significantly brighter than L*(z=6) (a factor of four), then a few J-dropout LBGs are likely. A similar increase in luminosity has been suggested by Eyles et al. and Yan et al., but the magnitude of this increase is uncertain.
description: Accepted to ApJ Letters
Projectively non-singular horizons in Kerr-NUT-de Sitter spacetimes
Creators: name: Lewandowski, Jerzy
name: Ossowski, Maciej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It was recently discovered that Killing horizons in the generic Kerr-NUT-(anti) de Sitter spacetimes are projectively singular, i.e. their spaces of the null generators have singular geometry. Only if the cosmological constant takes the special value determined by the Kerr and NUT parameters, and the radius of the horizon, then the corresponding horizon does not suffer that problem. In the current paper, the projectively non-singular horizons are investigated. They are found to be cosmological and non-extremal. Every projectively non-singular horizon can be used to define a global completion of the Kerr-NUT-de Sitter spacetime it is contained in. The resulting spacetime extends from $\mathcal{I}^-$ to $\mathcal{I}^+$, has the topology of $\mathbb{R}\times S_3$ and is smooth except for a possible Kerr-like singularity.
description: 11 pages
A new class of viable and exact solutions of EFE's with Karmarkar conditions: An application to cold star modeling
Creators: name: Pant, Neeraj
name: Govender, Megandhren
name: Gedela, Satyanarayana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we present a theoretical framework within Einstein's classical general relativity which models stellar compact objects such as PSR J1614-2230 and SAX J1808.4-3658. The Einstein field equations are solved by assuming that the interior of the compact object is described by a class I spacetime. The so-called Karmarkar condition arising from this requirement is integrated to reduce the gravitational behaviour to a single generating function. By appealing to physics we adopt a form for the gravitational potential which is sufficiently robust to accurately describe compact objects. Our model satisfies all the requirements for physically realistic stellar structures.
description: 14 pages, 15 figures
Localized Induction Equation for Stretched Vortex Filament
Creators: name: Konno, Kimiaki
name: Kakuhata, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study numerically the motion of the stretched vortex filaments by using the localized induction equation with the stretch and that without the stretch.
description: Published in SIGMA (Symmetry, Integrability and Geometry: Methods and Applications) at http://www.emis.de/journals/SIGMA/
Magnetic component of Yang-Mills plasma
Creators: name: Chernodub, M. N.
name: Zakharov, V. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Confinement in non-Abelian gauge theories is commonly ascribed to percolation of magnetic monopoles, or strings in the vacuum. At the deconfinement phase transition the condensed magnetic degrees of freedom are released into gluon plasma as thermal magnetic monopoles. We point out that within the percolation picture lattice simulations can be used to estimate the monopole content of the gluon plasma. We show that right above the critical temperature the monopole density remains a constant function of temperature, as for a liquid, and then grows, like for a gas.
description: 4 pages, no figures; replaced to match published version
Cliques of single-cell RNA-seq profiles reveal insights into cell ecology during development and differentiation
Creators: name: Baihan Lin
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: The lack of a formal link between cell-cell cohabitation and its emergent dynamics into cliques during development has hampered our understanding of how cell populations proliferate, differentiate, and compete, i.e. the cell ecology. With the advancement of single-cell RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq), we have now come closer to describing such a link by taking cell-specific transcriptional programs into account, constructing graphs of a network that reflect the similarity of gene expression, and analyzing these graphs using algebraic topology. We proposed single-cell topological simplicial analysis (scTSA). Applying this approach to single-cell gene expression profiles from local networks of cells in different developmental stages with different outcomes revealed a previously unseen topology of cellular ecology. These networks contain an abundance of cliques of single-cell profiles bound into cavities that guide the emergence of more complicated habitation forms. We visualize these ecological patterns with topological simplicial architectures of these networks, compared with the null models. Benchmarked on single-cell RNA-seq of zebrafish embryogenesis over 25 cell types and 12 time steps, our approach highlights the gastrulation as the most critical stage, consistent with consensus in developmental biology. As a nonlinear, model-independent, and unsupervised framework, our approach can also be applied to tracing multi-scale cell lineage, identifying critical stages, or creating pseudo-time series.
Federal policies on cultural diversity and education, 1940 - 1971
Creators: name: Joshee, Reva
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Throughout its history as a nation, Canada has had a culturally diverse population. For much of this time education has been one of the principal means through which the state and society have addressed the concerns associated with cultural diversity. From the early 1900s onward local and provincial educational authorities have developed and implemented a variety of policies and programs designed to address these concerns. In the 1940s, as the federal government started to develop its first policy and programs to address cultural diversity, it also found itself involved in the field of cultural diversity and education. This study examines how the federal government became interested in cultural diversity and education and how it continued to work in this field despite the fact that education is an area of provincial jurisdiction. In 1940 federal authorities began to lay the groundwork for a cultural diversity policy designed to foster support for the Canadian war effort among members of non-British, non-French ethnic groups. Education was initially to have been one of the strategies through which federal authorities implemented their cultural diversity policy but cultural diversity and education became an area of federal policy separate from yet related to the cultural diversity policy. Throughout most of its history, the two main objectives of the cultural diversity and education policy were education of immigrants for assimilation and education to promote effective intergroup relations. By the late 1960s tentative steps were being taken in the direction of education for cultural retention. Over the period from 1940 to 1971 a policy community of individuals and agencies with interests in cultural diversity and education evolved. Members of this community influenced the development of the federal policy by working on specific initiatives with the federal agency responsible for cultural diversity and education. Each of those initiatives became a site for negotiation on the direction of the policy. Thus the policy developed in an unplanned and ad hoc manner and grew to incorporate contradictory objectives. In addition, some of the work in cultural diversity and education also undermined the goals of the federal cultural diversity policy.
Interplay between topology and dynamics in the World Trade Web
Creators: name: Garlaschelli, D.
name: Di Matteo, T.
name: Aste, T.
name: Caldarelli, G.
name: Loffredo, M. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We present an empirical analysis of the network formed by the trade relationships between all world countries, or World Trade Web (WTW). Each (directed) link is weighted by the amount of wealth flowing between two countries, and each country is characterized by the value of its Gross Domestic Product (GDP). By analysing a set of year-by-year data covering the time interval 1950-2000, we show that the dynamics of all GDP values and the evolution of the WTW (trade flow and topology) are tightly coupled. The probability that two countries are connected depends on their GDP values, supporting recent theoretical models relating network topology to the presence of a `hidden' variable (or fitness). On the other hand, the topology is shown to determine the GDP values due to the exchange between countries. This leads us to a new framework where the fitness value is a dynamical variable determining, and at the same time depending on, network topology in a continuous feedback.
description: Proceedings of the 5th conference on Applications of Physics in Financial Analysis (APFA5), 29 June - 1 July 2006, Torino (ITALY)
Models of Ultra-Luminous X-ray transient sources
Creators: name: Hameury, Jean-Marie
name: Lasota, Jean-Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is now widely accepted that most ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) are binary systems whose large (above $10^{39}$ erg s$^{-1}$) apparent luminosities are explained by super-Eddington accretion onto a stellar-mass compact object. Many of the ULXs, especially those containing magnetized neutron stars, are highly variable; some exhibit transient behaviour. Large luminosities might imply large accretion discs that could be therefore prone to the thermal-viscous instability known to drive outbursts of dwarf novae and low-mass X-ray binary transient sources. The aim of this paper is to extend and generalize the X-ray transient disc-instability model to the case of large (outer radius larger than $10^{12}$ cm) accretion discs and apply it to the description of systems with super-Eddington accretion rates at outburst and, in some cases, super-Eddington mass transfer rates. We have used our disc-instability-model code to calculate the time evolution of the accretion disc and the outburst properties. We show that, provided that self-irradiation of the accretion disc is efficient even when the accretion rate exceeds the Eddington value, possibly due to scattering back of the X-ray flux emitted by the central parts of the disc on the outer portions of the disc, heating fronts can reach the disc's outer edge generating high accretion rates. We also provide analytical approximations for the observable properties of the outbursts. We have reproduced successfully the observed properties of galactic transients with large discs, such as V404 Cyg, as well as some ULXs such as M51 XT-1. Our model can reproduce the peak luminosity and decay time of ESO 243-39 HLX-1 outbursts if the accretor is a neutron star. Observational tests of our predicted relations between the outburst duration and decay time with peak luminosity would be most welcome.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Stretching helical nano-springs at finite temperature
Creators: name: Wada, Hirofumi
name: Netz, Roland R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using dynamic simulations and analytic methods, we study the elastic response of a helical filament subject to uniaxial tension over a wide range of bend and twist persistence length. A low-pitch helix at low temperatures exhibits a stretching instability and the force-extension curve consists of a sequence of spikes. At elevated temperature (i.e. small persistence lengths) the helix melts and a pronounced force plateau is obtained in the fixed-extension ensemble. The torque boundary condition significantly affects the resulting elastic properties.
Εγώ, ο ξένος, ο μετανάστης, ο διαφορετικός: ο καθορισμός της ταυτότητας και της ετερότητας από Έλληνες μαθητές ΣΤ΄Δημοτικού σχολείων της Ρόδου:
Creators: name: Γκογκίδη, Πηνελόπη Πασχάλη
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2014
Subjects: Ταυτότητα
Ετερότητα
Επαφή
Identity
Otherness
Contact

description: Στην παρούσα εργασία μελετήθηκαν οι απόψεις και οι στάσεις μαθητών της ΣΤ’ Δημοτικού ως προς τον εαυτό τους, τον ξένο, τον διαφορετικό και τον μετανάστη και διερευνήθηκαν οι παράγοντες που επηρεάζουν το σχηματισμό των απόψεων και των στάσεων αυτών. Επίσης εξετάστηκε ο βαθμός στον οποίο επηρεάζει η επαφή, με βάση τη θεωρία του G. W. Allport, τη διαμόρφωση των προαναφερθεισών απόψεων και των στάσεων. Το ενδιαφέρον επικεντρώθηκε στη μελέτη περίπτωσης παιδιών από δύο σχολικές μονάδες του νησιού της Ρόδου. Η έρευνα υλοποιήθηκε μέσα από ημιδομημένες συνεντεύξεις και ερωτηματολόγια. Τα βασικά ευρήματα συνοψίζονται στα εξής: α) τα παιδιά εκφράζουν στερεότυπα και προκαταλήψεις τα οποία διαμόρφωσαν επηρεασμένα από το οικογενειακό περιβάλλον, τα ΜΜΕ και τους φίλους, β) σε κάποιες περιπτώσεις αντλούν πληροφορίες από την προσωπική εμπειρία και γ) η υπόθεση της επαφής επαληθεύεται και στην περίπτωση των σχέσεων των παιδιών, αφού το είδος της επαφής καθόρισε και την αποδυνάμωση ή ενδυνάμωση των προϋπαρχόντων στερεοτύπων και προκαταλήψεων.
description: This dissertation studies the opinions and attitudes of 6th grade primary school students regarding themselves, the foreigners, the immigrants, the others. The dissertation inquired into the factors that influence and contribute to shaping these opinions and attitudes and examined to what degree contacts influence the making of these opinions and attitudes, based on the Contact Theory of G. W. Allport. The dissertation was focused on examining the cases of children coming from two primary schools in Rhodes. It was carried out through questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. The main findings are the following: a) the children express prejudices and stereotypes, which were shaped under the influence of the family environment, their friends and mass media, b) in some cases they use their personal experience to draw information and c) the hypothesis of the contact is also confirmed in children’s relations since the type of contact determined whether the already existing prejudices and stereotypes were weakened or strengthened.
Non-adiabatic quantum dynamics without potential energy surfaces based on second-quantized electrons: application within the framework of the MCTDH method
Creators: name: Sasmal, Sudip
name: Vendrell, Oriol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A first principles quantum formalism to describe the non-adiabatic dynamics of electrons and nuclei based on a second quantization representation (SQR) of the electronic motion combined with the usual representation of the nuclear coordinates is introduced. This procedure circumvents the introduction of potential energy surfaces and non-adiabatic couplings, providing an alternative to the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. An important feature of the molecular Hamiltonian in the mixed first quantized representation for the nuclei and the SQR representation for the electrons is that all degrees of freedom, nuclear positions and electronic occupations, are distinguishable. This makes the approach compatible with various tensor decomposition \emph{ansätze} for the propagation of the nuclear-electronic wavefunction. Here, we describe the application of this formalism within the multi-configuration time-dependent Hartree (MCTDH) framework and its multilayer generalization, corresponding to Tucker and hierarchical Tucker tensor decompositions of the wavefunction, respectively. The approach is applied to the calculation of the photodissociation cross-section of the HeH$^+$ molecule under extreme ultraviolet irradiation, which features non-adiabatic effects and quantum interferences between the two possible fragmentation channels, He+H$^+$ and He$^+$+H. These calculations are compared with the usual description based on ab \emph{ab initio} potential energy surfaces and non-adiabatic coupling matrix elements, which fully agree. The proof-of-principle calculations serve to illustrate the advantages and drawbacks of this formalism, which are discussed in detail, as well as possible ways to overcome them.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures. Accepted in J. Chem. Phys
The Shape, Multiplicity, and Evolution of Superclusters in LambdaCDM Cosmology
Creators: name: Wray, James J.
name: Bahcall, Neta A.
name: Bode, Paul
name: Boettiger, Carl
name: Hopkins, Philip F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the shape, multiplicity, size, and radial structure of superclusters in the LambdaCDM concordance cosmology from z = 0 to z = 2. Superclusters are defined as clusters of clusters in our large-scale cosmological simulation. We find that superclusters are triaxial in shape; many have flattened since early times to become nearly two-dimensional structures at present, with a small fraction of filamentary systems. The size and multiplicity functions are presented at different redshifts. Supercluster sizes extend to scales of ~ 100 - 200 Mpc/h. The supercluster multiplicity (richness) increases linearly with supercluster size. The density profile in superclusters is approximately isothermal (~ R^{-2}) and steepens on larger scales. These results can be used as a new test of the current cosmology when compared with upcoming observations of large-scale surveys.
description: 33 pages, 15 figures, accepted to ApJ; minor content changes, some figures removed to shorten paper
Offcut-related step-flow and growth rate enhancement during (100) $β$-Ga2O3 homoepitaxy by metal-exchange catalyzed molecular beam epitaxy (MEXCAT-MBE)
Creators: name: Mazzolini, Piero
name: Falkenstein, Andreas
name: Galazka, Zbigniew
name: Martin, Manfred
name: Bierwagen, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we investigate the growth of $β$-Ga2O3 homoepitaxial layers on top of (100) oriented substrates via indium-assisted metal exchange catalyzed molecular beam epitaxy (MEXCAT-MBE) which have exhibited prohibitively low growth rates by non-catalyzed MBE in the past. We demonstrate that the proper tuning of the MEXCAT growth parameters and the choice of a proper substrate offcut allow for the deposition of thin films with high structural quality via step-flow growth mechanism at relatively high growth rates for $β$-Ga2O3 homoepitaxy (i.e., around 1.5 nm/min, $\approx$45% incorporation of the incoming Ga flux), making MBE growth on this orientation feasible. Moreover, through the employment of the investigated four different (100) substrate offcuts along the [00-1] direction (i.e., 0$^\circ$, 2$^\circ$, 4$^\circ$, 6$^\circ$) we give experimental evidence on the fundamental role of the (-201) step edges as nucleation sites for growth of (100)-oriented Ga2O3 films by MBE.
X-ray Flares in Early GRB Afterglows
Creators: name: Burrows, D. N.
name: Falcone, A.
name: Chincarini, G.
name: Morris, D.
name: Romano, P.
name: Hill, J. E.
name: Godet, O.
name: Moretti, A.
name: Krimm, H.
name: Osborne, J. P.
name: Racusin, J.
name: Mangano, V.
name: Page, K.
name: Perri, M.
name: Stroh, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Swift X-ray Telescope (XRT) has discovered that flares are quite common in early X-ray afterglows of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs), being observed in roughly 50% of afterglows with prompt followup observations. The flares range in fluence from a few percent to ~ 100% of the fluence of the prompt emission (the GRB). Repetitive flares are seen, with more than 4 successive flares detected by the XRT in some afterglows. The rise and fall times of the flares are typically considerably smaller than the time since the burst. These characteristics suggest that the flares are related to the prompt emission mechanism, but at lower photon energies. We conclude that the most likely cause of these flares is late-time activity of the GRB central engine.
description: Accepted for publication in Philosophical Transactions A. 12 pages
Spontaneous and induced dynamic fluctuations in glass-formers I: General results and dependence on ensemble and dynamics
Creators: name: Berthier, Ludovic
name: Biroli, Giulio
name: Bouchaud, Jean-Philippe
name: Kob, Walter
name: Miyazaki, Kunimasa
name: Reichman, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study theoretically and numerically a family of multi-point dynamic susceptibilities that quantify the strength and characteristic lengthscales of dynamic heterogeneities in glass-forming materials. We use general theoretical arguments (fluctuation-dissipation relations and symmetries of relevant dynamical field theories) to relate the sensitivity of averaged two-time correlators to temperature and density to spontaneous fluctuations of the local dynamics. Our theoretical results are then compared to molecular dynamics simulations of the Newtonian, Brownian and Monte-Carlo dynamics of two representative glass-forming liquids, a fragile binary Lennard-Jones mixture and a model for the strong glass-former silica. We justify in detail the claim made in [Science 310, 1797 (2005)], that the temperature dependence of correlation functions allows one to extract useful information on dynamic lengthscales in glassy systems. We also discuss some subtle issues associated to the choice of microscopic dynamics and of statistical ensemble through conserved quantities, which are found to play an important role in determining dynamic correlations.
description: 24 pages, 7 figs - Several discussions added (Arrhenius systems, hydrodynamic contributions, relation between susceptibilities and lengthscales, etc.)
Characterization of fire-impacted soil microbial communities with emphasis on microbial diversity and function in a Mediterranean coastal scrubland
Creators: name: Chong, Albert C.
name: Park, Angela
name: Aguilar-Zamora, Guadalupe
name: Pham, Phoebe
name: Dao, Christopher T.
name: Mitchell, Keith G.
name: Krisanavane Reddi
name: Freise, Amanda C.
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: Global warming causes increasing wildfires leading to soil erosion and reduced vegetation. Previous studies have shown that some bacteria are capable of improving soil quality in nutrient-poor regions to promote growth of key plant species. Soil acidity, phosphorus availability, and iron content are critical to plant development and fire is known to increase soil pH and phosphorus availability while decreasing iron content. To assess the role of soil microbes in restoring pre-burn soil conditions, bacteria from one year post-burn Skirball soil were cultivated and assayed for acidifying nitrogen-fixation, phosphate solubilization, and siderophore production. Functional assays revealed high presence of nitrogen-fixing and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and low presence of siderophore-producing bacteria. 16S rRNA Sanger sequencing revealed dominance of Streptomyces among isolates. To study impact of fire on soil microbial community structure, alpha diversity correlation with pH and moisture was assessed after burning. Beta diversity correlation with proximal plant species was compared between unburned and burned soil. Ranacapa metagenomic analysis of postburn samples revealed no correlation of alpha or beta diversity with these parameters after burning. Beta-diversity showed moderate clustering by proximal plant species in unburned soil, indicating potential disruption of plant-microbe symbiosis by fire. STAMP taxonomic analysis revealed significant increase in proportion of nitrogen-fixing and phosphate-solubilizing Burkholderia post-burn. Taken together, soil microbial communities may restore burned soil via nitrogen fixation and phosphate solubilization. However, impact of fire on soil bacterial diversity cannot be confirmed without further studies with larger sample sizes and more extensive soil characterization to control for confounding variables.
Disorder-induced time effect in the antiferromagnetic domain state of Fe1+yTe
Creators: name: Fikáček, Jan
name: Warmuth, Jonas
name: Arnold, Fabian
name: Piamonteze, Cinthia
name: Mao, Zhiqiang
name: Holý, Václav
name: Hofmann, Philip
name: Bremholm, Martin
name: Wiebe, Jens
name: Wiesendanger, Roland
name: Honolka, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on temperature-dependent soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) measurements utilizing linearly polarized synchrotron radiation to probe magnetic phase transitions in iron-rich Fe1+yTe. X-ray magnetic linear dichroism (XMLD) signals, which sense magnetic ordering processes at surfaces, start to increase monotonically below the Néel temperature TN = 57 K. This increase is due to a progressive bicollinear antiferromagnetic (AFM) alignment of Fe spins of the monoclinic Fe1+yTe parent phase. This AFM alignment was achieved by a [100]-oriented biasing field favoring a single-domain state during cooling across TN. Our specific heat and magnetization measurements confirm the bulk character of this AFM phase transition. On longer time scales, however, we observe that the field-biased AFM state is highly unstable even at the lowest temperature of T = 3 K. After switching off the biasing field, the XMLD signal decays exponentially with a time constant τ = 1506 s. The initial XMLD signal is restored only upon repeating a cycle consisting of heating and field-cooling through TN. We explain the time effect by a gradual formation of a multi-domain state with 90 deg rotated AFM domains, promoted by structural disorder, facilitating the motion of twin-domains. Significant disorder in our Fe1+yTe sample is evident from our X-ray diffraction and specific heat data. The stability of magnetic phases in Fe-chalcogenides is an important material property, since the Fe(Te1-xSex) phase diagram shows magnetism intimately connected with superconductivity.
description: Conference proceeding for JEMS 2020
Local Hall effect in hybrid ferromagnetic/semiconductor devices
Creators: name: Hong, Jinki
name: Joo, Sungjung
name: Kim, Tae-Suk
name: Rhie, Kungwon
name: Kim, K. H.
name: Kim, S. U.
name: Lee, B. C.
name: Shin, Kyung-Ho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the magnetoresistance of ferromagnet-semiconductor devices in an InAs two-dimensional electron gas system in which the magnetic field has a sinusoidal profile. The magnetoresistance of our device is large. The longitudinal resistance has an additional contribution which is odd in applied magnetic field. It becomes even negative at low temperature where the transport is ballistic. Based on the numerical analysis, we confirmed that our data can be explained in terms of the local Hall effect due to the profile of negative and positive field regions. This device may be useful for future spintronic applications.
description: 4 pages with 4 fugures. Accepted for publication in Applied Physics Letters
Axiomatic Characterization of Ordinary Differential Cohomology
Creators: name: Simons, James
name: Sullivan, Dennis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Cheeger-Simons differential characters, Deligne cohomology in the smooth category, the Hopkins-Singer construction of ordinary differential cohomology and the recent Harvey-Lawson constructions are each in two distinct ways Abelian group extensions of known functors. In one desciption these objects are extensions of integral cohomology by the quotient space of all differential forms by the subspace of closed forms with integral periods. In the other they are extensions of closed differential forms with integral periods by the cohomology with coefficients in the circle. These two series of short exact sequences mesh with two interlocking long exact sequences (the Bockstein sequence and a DeRham sequence) to form a commutative DNA-like array of functors called the Character Diagram. Theorem 1.1 shows that on the category of smooth manifolds and smooth maps any package consisting of a functor into graded abelian groups together with four natural transformations that fit together so as to form a Character Diagram as above is unique up to unique natural equivalence. Theorem 1.2 shows the natural product structure on differential characters is uniquely characterized by its compatibility with the product structures on the known functors in the Character Diagram. The proof of Theorem 1.1 couples the naturality with results about approximating smooth singular cycles and homologies by embedded pseudomanifolds.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures (figs. 3 and 4 have 2 parts each)
Εφαρμογές μεθόδων της θεωρίας πληροφοριών στην ανάλυση χρονοσειρών:
Creators: name: Νιτσιοπούλου, Ανδρομάχη Παύλου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2014
Subjects: Εντροπία Shannon
Εντροπία Onicescu
Εντροπία Tsallis
Σχετική εντροπία Kullback- Leibler
Χρονοσειρές EEG
Επιληψία
Πολυπλοκότητα
Εγκέφαλος
Shannon Entropy
Onicescu Entropy
Tsallis Entropy
Relative Kullback-Leibler Entropy
EEG time series
Epilepsy
Complexity
Brain

description: Στην παρούσα διερευνητική μελέτη εξετάζουμε συνοπτικά μεθόδους της θεωρίας πληροφοριών, συγκεκριμένα τις εντροπίες Shannon, Tsallisκαι Onicescuκαι την σχετική εντροπία Kullback-Leibler. Επίσης παρουσιάζουμε το αντίστοιχο μέτρο “στατιστικής πολυπλοκότητας” σύμφωνα με τους López-Ruiz, Manciniκαι Calbet (LMC) και το “απλό” μέτρο πολυπλοκότητας σύμφωνα με τους Shiner, Davisonκαι Landsberg (SDL), τα οποία βασίζονται σε μια πιθανοκρατική περιγραφή ενός πολύπλοκου συστήματος, όπως και οι παραπάνω εντροπίες. Αυτοί οι ποσοτικοί δείκτες του πληροφοριακού περιεχομένου και της πολυπλοκότητας υπολογίζονται αριθμητικά χρησιμοποιώντας χρονοσειρές EEGγια υγιείς και ασθενείς ανθρώπους. Καταλήγουμε σε ορισμένα λογικά συμπεράσματα, τα οποία συμφωνούν με τη διαίσθηση, αλλά βρίσκουμε – κατά κάποιο τρόπο μη διαισθητικά – ότι ο υγιής εγκέφαλος είναι περισσότερο πολύπλοκος από τον επιληπτικό.
description: In the present exploratory study we examine briefly information-theoretic methods, specifically the Shannon, Tsallis and Onicescu entropies and the relative Kullback-Leibler entropy. We also review the corresponding measure of “statistical complexity” according to López-Ruiz, Mancini, Calbet(LMC) and the “simple” measure of complexity according to Shiner-Davison-Landsberg (SDL), based on a probabilistic description of a complex system like the above entropies. Those quantifiers of information content and complexity are calculated numerically using EEG time series for healthy subjects and epileptic patients. Certain reasonable conclusions are drawn, which agree with intuition, while it turns out –somewhat counter-intuitively- that a healthy brain is more complex than an epileptic one.
One university, two universes : the emergence of Alaska native political leadership and the provision of higher education, 1972-85
Creators: name: Jennings, Michael L
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This study explores the relationships between the Alaska Native leadership, its interests in and impacts on higher education in Alaska, and the ways in which the University of Alaska responded to Alaska Native educational needs and initiatives, especially during the period from 1972 and 1985. The major question explored is why and how the University of Alaska system failed to adequately address the educational needs of Alaska Natives, especially given the level of political acumen of the Alaska Native leadership, their awareness of the importance of higher education as a means to control the land base “acquired” through the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act, the mission statements of the University concerning the education of Alaska Natives, and the abundance of petroleum dollars available to the University during that period. While the Alaska Native leadership was requesting that “appropriate” educational programs be designed and delivered to rural Alaska Native students, the University of Alaska’s response to these requests took the form of structural changes within the institution, rather than substantive change in the content of educational programs. The study demonstrates that the discrepancy between Alaska Native requests for substantive educational change and University of Alaska responses in the form of structural alterations is attributable, in large part, to the opposing world views of the two sets of actors, and thus to different perceptions of the nature and role of education in general.
COVID-19 Working Paper: Changes in Regional Hog Slaughter During COVID-19
Creators: name: Padilla, Samantha
name: Schulz, Lee L.
name: Vaiknoras, Kate
name: MacLachlan, Matthew
name: Padilla, Samantha
name: Schulz, Lee L.
name: Vaiknoras, Kate
name: MacLachlan, Matthew
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Farm Management
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: pork
subject: pork processing
subject: hogs
subject: hog slaughter
subject: coronavirus
subject: COVID-19
subject: supply chain

description: This working paper describes how COVID-19 affected the pork packing industry, gives an overview of this industry, and measures changes in regional slaughter volumes in 2020. We find different effects of COVID-19 across regions. Some regions experienced a prolonged decline in hog slaughter compared with 2019, while in other regions sharp declines only lasted a few weeks. Slaughter counts in the major pork-producing regions declined for three weeks at the end of April and early May but recovered to 2019 levels by June 2020. Minor processing regions had mixed reactions to the pandemic. For instance, Region 2 (New Jersey and New York) experienced a large decline in slaughter, but, unlike major processing regions, the shock persisted throughout the year—slaughter rates were lower than 2019 levels. Overall, most regions in 2020 had increases in total slaughter compared with 2019, suggesting the industry suffered at the beginning of the pandemic but adjusted production and at least partially recovered.
Exploring the meson spectrum with twisted mass lattice QCD
Creators: name: Petry, Robert G.
name: Harnett, Derek
name: Lewis, Randy
name: Woloshyn, R. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerical simulations with access to all possible meson quantum numbers, J^{PC}, are presented using two-flavor (up and down) quenched twisted mass lattice QCD with three different lattice spacings and four different quark masses. The connection between the quantum numbers (P and C) and the symmetries of the twisted mass action are discussed, as is the connection between J and the lattice rotation group, for the 400 operators used in this study. Curve fitting of this large data set is accomplished by using an evolutionary fitting algorithm. Results are reported for conventional and exotic quantum numbers.
description: 23 pages, 10 figures, published version
XVA Analysis From the Balance Sheet
Creators: name: Albanese, Claudio
name: Crepey, Stephane
name: Hoskinson, Rodney
name: Saadeddine, Bouazza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Risk Management (q-fin.RM)
subject: Mathematical Finance (q-fin.MF)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 91B25, 91B26, 91B30, 91G20, 91G40, 62G08, 68Q32

description: XVAs denote various counterparty risk related valuation adjustments that are applied to financial derivatives since the 2007--09 crisis. We root a cost-of-capital XVA strategy in a balance sheet perspective which is key in identifying the economic meaning of the XVA terms. Our approach is first detailed in a static setup that is solved explicitly. It is then plugged in the dynamic and trade incremental context of a real derivative banking portfolio. The corresponding cost-of-capital XVA strategy ensures to bank shareholders a submartingale equity process corresponding to a target hurdle rate on their capital at risk, consistently between and throughout deals. Set on a forward/backward SDE formulation, this strategy can be solved efficiently using GPU computing combined with deep learning regression methods in a whole bank balance sheet context. A numerical case study emphasizes the workability and added value of the ensuing pathwise XVA computations.
description: This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article to be published by Taylor & Francis in Quantitative Finance, which will be available online (once published) at: https://doi.org/10.1080/14697688.2020.1817533
News from the year 2006 Galactic Center workshop
Creators: name: Morris, Mark
name: Nayakshin, Sergei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We summarize some of the new results from contributions made to the Galactic Centre Workshop that took place in Bad Honnef, Germany, on April 18-22, 2006.
description: 7 pages. Summary paper for Galactic Center Workshop 2006: from the center of the Milky Way to Nearby Low-luminosity Galactic Nuclei, to be published in Journal of Physics: Conference Series 54, p 461
Identifying radio active galactic nuclei among radio-emitting galaxies
Creators: name: Kozieł-Wierzbowska, Dorota
name: Asari, Natalia Vale
name: Stasińska, Grażyna
name: Herpich, Fabio R.
name: Sikora, Marek
name: Żywucka, Natalia
name: Goyal, Arti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Basing our analysis on ROGUE I, a catalog of over 32,000 radio sources associated with optical galaxies, we provide two diagnostics to select the galaxies where the radio emission is due to an active galactic nucleus (AGN). Each of these diagnostics can be applied independently. The first one, dubbed MIRAD, compares the flux $F_{W3}$ in the $W3$ mid-infrared band of the WISE telescope, with the radio flux at 1.4 GHz, $\Frad$. MIRAD requires no optical spectra. The second diagnostic, dubbed DLM, relates the 4000 Å break strength, $D_{\rm n}(4000)$, with the radio luminosity per unit stellar mass. The DLM diagram has already been used in the past, but not as standalone. For these two diagrams, we propose simple, empirical dividing lines that result in the same classification for the objects in common. These lines correctly classify as radio-AGN 99.5 percent of the extended radio sources in the ROGUE~I catalog, and as star-forming (SF) galaxies 98--99 percent of the galaxies identified as such by their emission line ratios. Both diagrams clearly show that radio AGNs are preferentially found among elliptical galaxies and among galaxies hosting the most massive black holes. Most of the radio sources classified as radio-AGNs in the MIRAD or DLM diagrams are either optically weak AGNs or retired galaxies.
description: 14 pages, 14 figures, submitted to ApJ