cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Data-Efficient Learning of High-Quality Controls for Kinodynamic Planning used in Vehicular Navigation
Creators: name: Karten, Seth
name: Sivaramakrishnan, Aravind
name: Granados, Edgar
name: McMahon, Troy
name: Bekris, Kostas E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper aims to improve the path quality and computational efficiency of kinodynamic planners used for vehicular systems. It proposes a learning framework for identifying promising controls during the expansion process of sampling-based motion planners for systems with dynamics. Offline, the learning process is trained to return the highest-quality control that reaches a local goal state (i.e., a waypoint) in the absence of obstacles from an input difference vector between its current state and a local goal state. The data generation scheme provides bounds on the target dispersion and uses state space pruning to ensure high-quality controls. By focusing on the system's dynamics, this process is data efficient and takes place once for a dynamical system, so that it can be used for different environments with modular expansion functions. This work integrates the proposed learning process with a) an exploratory expansion function that generates waypoints with biased coverage over the reachable space, and b) proposes an exploitative expansion function for mobile robots, which generates waypoints using medial axis information. This paper evaluates the learning process and the corresponding planners for a first and second-order differential drive systems. The results show that the proposed integration of learning and planning can produce better quality paths than kinodynamic planning with random controls in fewer iterations and computation time.
description: Presented at the Machine Learning for Motion Planning (MLMP) Workshop at ICRA 2021, Xi'an, China
Continuous Control and the Algebraic L-theory Assembly Map
Creators: name: Rosenthal, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18F25

description: In this work, the assembly map in L-theory for the family of finite subgroups is proven to be a split injection for a class of groups. Groups in this class, including virtually polycyclic groups, have universal spaces that satisfy certain geometric conditions. The proof follows the method developed by Carlsson-Pedersen to split the assembly map in the case of torsion free groups. Here, the continuously controlled techniques and results are extended to handle groups with torsion.
description: 15 pages
Quark Coalescence and Elliptic Flow of Charm Hadrons
Creators: name: Lin, Zi-wei
name: Molnar, Denes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Elliptic flow of charm hadrons is investigated based on the quark coalescence model. Due to the large difference between the charm quark and light quark masses, hadrons containing both light and charm quarks show a qualitatively different $v_2(p_\perp)$ from hadrons containing only light quarks. Simple relations are proposed to infer quark elliptic flow from those of hadrons. The effects of the finite momentum spread of hadron wavefunctions are also studied, and are found to be small for charm hadrons.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, revtex4
CitySurfaces: City-Scale Semantic Segmentation of Sidewalk Materials
Creators: name: Hosseini, Maryam
name: Miranda, Fabio
name: Lin, Jianzhe
name: Silva, Claudio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: While designing sustainable and resilient urban built environment is increasingly promoted around the world, significant data gaps have made research on pressing sustainability issues challenging to carry out. Pavements are known to have strong economic and environmental impacts; however, most cities lack a spatial catalog of their surfaces due to the cost-prohibitive and time-consuming nature of data collection. Recent advancements in computer vision, together with the availability of street-level images, provide new opportunities for cities to extract large-scale built environment data with lower implementation costs and higher accuracy. In this paper, we propose CitySurfaces, an active learning-based framework that leverages computer vision techniques for classifying sidewalk materials using widely available street-level images. We trained the framework on images from New York City and Boston and the evaluation results show a 90.5% mIoU score. Furthermore, we evaluated the framework using images from six different cities, demonstrating that it can be applied to regions with distinct urban fabrics, even outside the domain of the training data. CitySurfaces can provide researchers and city agencies with a low-cost, accurate, and extensible method to collect sidewalk material data which plays a critical role in addressing major sustainability issues, including climate change and surface water management.
description: Sustainable Cities and Society journal (accepted); Model: https://github.com/VIDA-NYU/city-surfaces
Coronal abundances from high-resolution X-ray data: The case of Algol
Creators: name: Schmitt, J. H. M. M.
name: Ness, J. -U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the determination of elemental abundances from high resolution X-ray data. We emphasize the need for an accurate determination of the underlying temperature structure and advocate the use of a line ratio method which allows us to utilize, first, the strongest lines observed in the X-ray spectra, and second, lines that span a rather wide temperature range. We point out the need to use continuous emission measure distributions and show via example that modeling in terms of individual temperature components yields errors of more than 50%. We stress the need to derive differential emission measure distributions based on physical assumptions and considerations. We apply our methods to the Chandra LETGS spectrum of Algol and show that nitrogen is considerably enhanced compared to cosmic abundances by a factor of 2 while carbon is depleted by at least a factor of 25. Iron, silicon, and magnesium, are all depleted compared to cosmic abundances, while the noble gas neon has the relatively highest abundance.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures, A&A accepted
The all-cases imputation variance estimator: A new approach to variance estimation for imputed data
Creators: name: Montaquila, Jill Marie
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: For the past several decades, imputation methods have been used to compensate for item nonresponse. Traditionally, the imputed values have been treated as if they had actually been observed or reported, and variance estimates have been computed using standard complete data methods. This approach leads to underestimation of the variance of the estimator. Even for items with relatively low nonresponse, this downward bias in the variance estimates may be significant. Here, we propose a model-assisted method for accounting for imputation error in variance estimates for imputed data. Our proposed method, which we call "all-cases imputation (or ACI)," imputes a value of the characteristic of interest for all cases, including those with actual (observed or reported) values. The difference between the imputed value and the actual value (imputation error) for respondents is used to estimate the imputation error variance and covariance for nonrespondents. We present the all-cases imputation variance estimator for simple random sampling and for stratified random sampling and describe the approach for the extension to stratified cluster sampling. We demonstrate, both analytically and empirically, the properties of our proposed variance estimator. A Monte Carlo simulation study compares the proposed variance estimator to the naive variance estimator, the Rao-Shao jackknife, and the Shao bootstrap, under simple random sampling. A second Monte Carlo simulation study examines the properties of the ACI variance estimator for stratified random sampling. In order to make valid inferences, it is important to ascertain the distribution of the ACI variance estimator. We examine analytically the exact distribution, and then consider an approximation. A simulation study verifies that the approximation provides a good fit to the empirical distribution.
A Snapshot of Undergraduate Students’ Nutritional Awareness, Levels of Food Label Use, and Perceptions of Their Health Status
Creators: name: McLean-Meyinsse, Patricia E.
name: Collins, LaPorchia A.
name: Taylor, Shervia S.
name: McLean-Meyinsse, Patricia E.
name: Collins, LaPorchia A.
name: Taylor, Shervia S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: calcium
subject: cholesterol
subject: fiber
subject: health problems
subject: nutritional awareness
subject: students

description: College freshmen and sophomores exhibited lower levels of awareness of the health problems caused by insufficient intake of fiber than did seniors. Age and gender influenced awareness of calcium’s role in the body. Age was also a determinant of students’ awareness about cholesterol intake and health. Seniors and those living in households with more than three persons were more likely to read nutrition labels. Students who perceived themselves to be in excellent health had lower body mass indices, exercised more, and were more aware of the links between fiber intake and health status.
An 860 MHz Wireless Surface Acoustic Wave Sensor with a Metal-Organic Framework Sensing Layer for CO2 and CH4
Creators: name: Devkota, Jagannath
name: Greve, David W.
name: Hong, Tao
name: Kim, Ki-Joong
name: Ohodnicki, Paul R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: General, Electromagnetic Theory, Acoustics

description: Wireless and passive surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices with nanoporous metal-organic framework (MOF) sensing layers are attractive gas sensors for applications in many fields such as energy industries and air pollution control. Here, we report on enhancing the sensitivity and detection limit of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) MOF-coated SAW reflective delay line mass sensors by increasing the operating frequency for sensitive detection of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) at ambient conditions. In particular, we show at least four times higher sensitivity of an 860 MHz (4-μm periodicity) SAW reflective delay line coated with a 240 nm thick ZIF-8 compared to the sensitivity of a 430 MHz (8-μm periodicity) otherwise identical sensor device to the targeted gases. The detection limits of the higher frequency wireless devices for CO2 and CH4 were estimated to be 0.91 vol-% and 7.01 vol-%, respectively. The enhanced sensitivity for higher frequency devices is explained in terms of the frequency dependent acoustic wave energy confinement.
description: 8 pages, accepted to publish in IEEE Sensors Journal
Grouped Data Probability Model for Shrimp Consumption in the Southern United States
Creators: name: Wirth, Ferdinand F.
name: Davis, Kathy J.
name: Wirth, Ferdinand F.
name: Davis, Kathy J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: consumer behavior
subject: consumption
subject: grouped data regression
subject: shrimp

description: Shrimp represents 27% of total U.S. seafood consumption. A shrimp farming industry has been developing in the southern United States in response to shrimp market demand. To provide farmers with market information needed to develop successful marketing strategies, this analysis examines sociodemographic determinants of at-home and away-from-home shrimp consumption behavior. A survey was mailed to 5,000 households in nine southeastern U.S. states. A probability model was developed to estimate the influence of consumer characteristics on the frequency of shrimp consumption. Using the estimated coefficients, the probability distribution for shrimp consumption frequency can be calculated for any combination of explanatory variables.
Exciton band topology in spontaneous quantum anomalous Hall insulators: applications to twisted bilayer graphene
Creators: name: Kwan, Yves H.
name: Hu, Yichen
name: Simon, Steven H.
name: Parameswaran, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We uncover topological features of neutral particle-hole pair excitations of correlated quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) insulators whose approximately flat conduction and valence bands have equal and opposite non-zero Chern number. Using an exactly solvable model we show that the underlying band topology affects both the center-of-mass and relative motion of particle-hole bound states. This leads to the formation of topological exciton bands whose features are robust to nonuniformity of both the dispersion and the Berry curvature. We apply these ideas to recently-reported broken-symmetry spontaneous QAH insulators in substrate aligned magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene.
description: 5+10 pages, 2+2 figures; improved treatment of interaction effects, leading to |C|=1 excitons
The all-cases imputation variance estimator: A new approach to variance estimation for imputed data
Creators: name: Montaquila, Jill Marie
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 49
subject: Mathematical sciences
classificationCode: 4905
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For the past several decades, imputation methods have been used to compensate for item nonresponse. Traditionally, the imputed values have been treated as if they had actually been observed or reported, and variance estimates have been computed using standard complete data methods. This approach leads to underestimation of the variance of the estimator. Even for items with relatively low nonresponse, this downward bias in the variance estimates may be significant. Here, we propose a model-assisted method for accounting for imputation error in variance estimates for imputed data. Our proposed method, which we call "all-cases imputation (or ACI)," imputes a value of the characteristic of interest for all cases, including those with actual (observed or reported) values. The difference between the imputed value and the actual value (imputation error) for respondents is used to estimate the imputation error variance and covariance for nonrespondents. We present the all-cases imputation variance estimator for simple random sampling and for stratified random sampling and describe the approach for the extension to stratified cluster sampling. We demonstrate, both analytically and empirically, the properties of our proposed variance estimator. A Monte Carlo simulation study compares the proposed variance estimator to the naive variance estimator, the Rao-Shao jackknife, and the Shao bootstrap, under simple random sampling. A second Monte Carlo simulation study examines the properties of the ACI variance estimator for stratified random sampling. In order to make valid inferences, it is important to ascertain the distribution of the ACI variance estimator. We examine analytically the exact distribution, and then consider an approximation. A simulation study verifies that the approximation provides a good fit to the empirical distribution.
Evaluating Overall Performances of the Banana Industry in West Bengal State, India
Creators: name: Fonsah, Esendugue Greg
name: Amin, Bani
name: Fonsah, Esendugue Greg
name: Amin, Bani
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: banana
subject: distribution
subject: marketing
subject: production
subject: quality
subject: transportation
subject: value chain

description: With 29.7 million tons per annum, India produces 20% of world banana production. Despite this success, the country is not ranked as either a major or a minor banana exporting country. The goal of this exploratory research was to evaluate the banana sector in the banana producing areas of Kolkata, West Bengal State of India, in order to identify possible strengths and weaknesses that might impact the complete banana value chain (VC). We found major problems in the complete value chain, including production, transportation, distribution, marketing, and overall quality.
Demonstration of NV-detected ESR spectroscopy at 115 GHz and 4.2 Tesla
Creators: name: Fortman, Benjamin
name: Pena, Junior
name: Holczer, Karoly
name: Takahashi, Susumu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High frequency electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy is an invaluable tool for identification and characterization of spin systems. Nanoscale ESR using the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center has been demonstrated down to the level of a single spin. However, NV-detected ESR has exclusively been studied at low magnetic fields, where spectral overlap prevents clear identification of spectral features. Within this work, we demonstrate NV-detected ESR measurements of single-substitutional nitrogen impurities in diamond at a NV Larmor frequency of 115 GHz and the corresponding magnetic field of 4.2 Tesla. The NV-ESR measurements utilize a double electron-electron resonance sequence and are performed using both ensemble and single NV spin systems. In the single NV experiment, chirp pulses are used to improve the population transfer and for NV-ESR measurements. This work provides the basis for NV-based ESR measurements of external spins at high magnetic fields.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Procedure for care of special operating room equipment
Creators: name: Creator not identified.
Publisher: name: DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
Year: 1940
Subjects: subject: Operating Room Equipment
subject: Surgical Equipment
subject: Surgical Instruments
subject: Equipment and Supplies, Hospital
subject: Maintenance

description: Procedures to care for operating room equipment such as transfusion sets, rubber tubing,  glassware and linens; as well as maintaining specialty devices such as eye magnets, x-ray machines, and anesthesia equipment.
Monmouth University National Poll: September 2020 Coronavirus
Creators: name: Monmouth University Polling Institute
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2021

description: 2020 general election (16); President Donald Trump job approval (1); country going in right direction/wrong track (1); favorability of presidential candidates (2); favorability of vice-presidential candidates (2); foreign interference into 2020 presidential election (2); perception of presidential candidates as too friendly towards other countries (2); respect of presidential candidates for military troops and veterans (2); law and order (3); race relations and values (9); coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak (9); recovery from pandemic (1); registered to vote (1)
Effects of the Alcoholism Awareness Workshop on Air Force nurses' attitudes toward and knowledge of alcoholism
Creators: name: Jones, Jason Augustine
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 39
subject: Education
classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences
classificationCode: 4205
subject: Nursing

description: The study examined the effects of an eight-hour Alcoholism Awareness Workshop (AAW) on a sample of Air Force nurses' knowledge of alcoholism and attitudes toward alcoholics. Sixty Air Force nurses were randomly selected from the population of Air Force nurses on a base. The subjects were randomly assigned to three experimental groups of fifteen subjects each and a control group of fifteen subjects. The study was a pre-test/post-test experimental design. A knowledge measurement tool, the Jones Alcoholism Inventory (JAI), and an attitude measurement tool, the Tolor and Tamerin Attitudes Toward Alcoholics Inventory (TTAAI), were used for pre- and, three weeks later, post-test data collection. The hypotheses tested were: (1) The mean JAI score for Air Force Nurses who complete the AAW will be significantly higher than that for a control group of Air Force nurses who do not participate in the AAW; (2) the mean TTAAI score on each of the six subscales (psychological, physical-genetic, humanitarian, medical illness, moral weakness, and social rejection) for Air Force nurses who complete the AAW will be significantly higher than the scores for a control group of Air Force nurses, who do not participate in the workshop. A chi square value of 18.71 (p $>$ 0.001) was obtained which supported the first hypothesis. This indicated post-test change in the experimental group subjects' knowledge of alcoholism. The subjects showed significant differences in attitudes to support the second hypothesis. Experimental group subjects were more in agreement with TTAAI subscale statements indicating alcoholism was caused by physical-genetic factors; is a medical illness; and should be treated by humanist methods. Conversely, they rejected attitudes that alcoholics should be socially rejected or were morally weak. However, there was no significant change in psychological etiology. The theoretical framework that increased knowledge of a stereotyped group may change attitudes toward that group has tentative support by this study. Knowledge of and attitudes toward alcoholism can be improved through the AAW.
Regularity and uniqueness results for generated Jacobian equations
Creators: name: Rankin, Cale
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This is a PhD thesis about generated Jacobian equations; our purpose is twofold. First, we provide an introduction to these equations, whilst, at the same time, collating some results scattered throughout the literature. The other goal is to present the author's own results on these equations. These results all concern solutions of generated Jacobian equations, usually paired with the second boundary value problem. We prove strict convexity and $C^1$ differentiability results under optimal hypothesis in two dimensions, and the same results in higher dimensions with some additional hypothesis. We also consider uniqueness results for the second boundary value problem, and the application of the uniqueness results to global regularity. We conclude with notes on the parabolic generated Jacobian equation. The arXiv version contains minor updates to the ANU open research repository version which is available from the listed DOI.
description: ANU PhD thesis
A universal scheme for robust self-testing in the prepare-and-measure scenario
Creators: name: Miklin, Nikolai
name: Oszmaniec, Michał
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the problem of certification of arbitrary ensembles of pure states and projective measurements solely from the experimental statistics in the prepare-and-measure scenario assuming the upper bound on the dimension of the Hilbert space. To this aim, we propose a universal and intuitive scheme based on establishing perfect correlations between target states and suitably-chosen projective measurements. The method works in all finite dimensions and allows for robust certification of the overlaps between arbitrary preparation states and between the corresponding measurement operators. Finally, we prove that for qubits, our technique can be used to robustly self-test arbitrary configurations of pure quantum states and projective measurements. These results pave the way towards the practical application of the prepare-and-measure paradigm to certification of quantum devices.
description: 28 pages, 2 Figures, 1 table, final version. See also a related work arXiv:2003.03859
Factors Affecting Banana Agricultural Value Chain in Bangladesh
Creators: name: Fonsah, Esendugue Greg
name: Manower, Tanvir
name: Hussain, Arshad
name: Chattapadhya, Somashree
name: Islam, Saiful
name: Islam, Md. Serajul
name: Uddin, Md. Jasim
name: Sadequl Amin, Ahmad
name: Amin, Bani
name: Fonsah, Esendugue Greg
name: Manower, Tanvir
name: Hussain, Arshad
name: Chattapadhya, Somashree
name: Islam, Saiful
name: Islam, Md. Serajul
name: Uddin, Md. Jasim
name: Sadequl Amin, Ahmad
name: Amin, Bani
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: International Development
subject: banana
subject: distribution
subject: marketing
subject: production
subject: quality
subject: value chain

description: Agriculture accounts for 17% of total Bangladeshi GDP. Bananas represent 20% of all fruits crops produced in Bangladesh, with a domestic market share of 36%. This study analyzes banana production, marketing, distribution, and value chain functions and relationships. The study focused on the major banana producing area of Bangladesh. Our results show that the major problems are lack of good agricultural practices, which affects overall quality, distribution, and marketing of this important fruit.
Global signal in the redshifted hydrogen 21-cm line from the Dark Ages and Cosmic Dawn: Dependence on the nature of dark matter and modeling of first light
Creators: name: Novosyadlyj, Bohdan
name: Kulinich, Yurii
name: Koval, Danylo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We estimate the global signal in the redshifted hyperfine structure line 21 cm of hydrogen atoms formed during the Dark Ages and Cosmic Dawn epochs. The evolution of the brightness temperature in this line was computed to study its dependence on the physical conditions in the intergalactic medium. We show that the profile of this line crucially depends on the temperature and ionization of baryonic matter as well as the spectral energy distribution of radiation from the first sources. The cosmological models with the self-annihilating and decaying dark matter with allowable parameters by current observational data, as well as the model of the first light which is consistent with the observational data on reionization were considered. The results show that the Dark Ages part of profile is very sensitive to the parameters of self-annihilating and decaying dark matter particles, while the Cosmic Dawn part of profile is very sensitive also to the spectral energy distribution of radiation from the first sources. It was concluded that only compatible observations of the redshifted 21 cm line in the decameter and meter wavelength range, formed during the Dark Ages and Cosmic Dawn, will make it possible to constrain the parameters of dark matter models and astrophysical models of the first sources based on the radiotomography of the young Universe.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures; published in Phys. Rev. D
Effects of the Alcoholism Awareness Workshop on Air Force nurses' attitudes toward and knowledge of alcoholism
Creators: name: Jones, Jason Augustine
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The study examined the effects of an eight-hour Alcoholism Awareness Workshop (AAW) on a sample of Air Force nurses' knowledge of alcoholism and attitudes toward alcoholics. Sixty Air Force nurses were randomly selected from the population of Air Force nurses on a base. The subjects were randomly assigned to three experimental groups of fifteen subjects each and a control group of fifteen subjects. The study was a pre-test/post-test experimental design. A knowledge measurement tool, the Jones Alcoholism Inventory (JAI), and an attitude measurement tool, the Tolor and Tamerin Attitudes Toward Alcoholics Inventory (TTAAI), were used for pre- and, three weeks later, post-test data collection. The hypotheses tested were: (1) The mean JAI score for Air Force Nurses who complete the AAW will be significantly higher than that for a control group of Air Force nurses who do not participate in the AAW; (2) the mean TTAAI score on each of the six subscales (psychological, physical-genetic, humanitarian, medical illness, moral weakness, and social rejection) for Air Force nurses who complete the AAW will be significantly higher than the scores for a control group of Air Force nurses, who do not participate in the workshop. A chi square value of 18.71 (p $>$ 0.001) was obtained which supported the first hypothesis. This indicated post-test change in the experimental group subjects' knowledge of alcoholism. The subjects showed significant differences in attitudes to support the second hypothesis. Experimental group subjects were more in agreement with TTAAI subscale statements indicating alcoholism was caused by physical-genetic factors; is a medical illness; and should be treated by humanist methods. Conversely, they rejected attitudes that alcoholics should be socially rejected or were morally weak. However, there was no significant change in psychological etiology. The theoretical framework that increased knowledge of a stereotyped group may change attitudes toward that group has tentative support by this study. Knowledge of and attitudes toward alcoholism can be improved through the AAW.
War of attrition with implicit time cost
Creators: name: Eriksson, Anders
name: Lindgren, Kristian
name: Lundh, Torbjörn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In the game-theoretic model war of attrition, players are subject to an explicit cost proportional to the duration of contests. We construct a model where the time cost is not explicitly given, but instead depends implicitly on the strategies of the whole population. We identify and analyse the underlying mechanisms responsible for the implicit time cost. Each player participates in a series of games, where those prepared to wait longer win with higher certainty but play less frequently. The model is characterised by the ratio of the winner's score to the loser's score, in a single game. The fitness of a player is determined by the accumulated score from the games played during a generation. We derive the stationary distribution of strategies under the replicator dynamics. When the score ratio is high, we find that the stationary distribution is unstable, with respect to both evolutionary and dynamical stability, and the dynamics converge to a limit cycle. When the ratio is low, the dynamics converge to the stationary distribution. For an intermediate interval of the ratio, the distribution is dynamically but not evolutionarily stable. Finally, the implications of our results for previous models based on the war of attrition are discussed.
description: Accepted for publication in Journal of Theoretical Biology
In-Kind Benefits Help Reduce Poverty
Creators: name: Getz, Virginia K.
name: Getz, Virginia K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1985
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Food Security and Poverty
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: When determining the number of poor, government statisticians look only at cash income, not at other benefits received as goods and services, such as food stamps, public housing, and medical care. What if they did? Would they find that poverty has been eliminated and is no longer a problem? Recent evidence suggests some people would continue to need assistance and poverty would still be a problem.
In-situ calibration of the single-photoelectron charge response of the IceCube photomultiplier tubes
Creators: name: The IceCube Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe an improved in-situ calibration of the single-photoelectron charge distributions for each of the in-ice Hamamatsu Photonics R7081-02[MOD] photomultiplier tubes in the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. The characterization of the individual PMT charge distributions is important for PMT calibration, data and Monte Carlo simulation agreement, and understanding the effect of hardware differences within the detector. We discuss the single photoelectron identification procedure and how we extract the single-photoelectron charge distribution using a deconvolution of the multiple-photoelectron charge distribution.
description: 27 pages, 11 figures
Local Food Vitality Index: Measuring Consumer Attitudes toward Food System Attributes
Creators: name: Woods, Tim
name: Rossi, Jairus
name: Davis, Alison
name: Woods, Tim
name: Rossi, Jairus
name: Davis, Alison
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: index
subject: local food
subject: performance

description: A local food system vitality index is estimated based on resident consumer performance measures over an array of food market channels, community engagement, and promotion effectiveness. An index is created for individual elements and for the local food system overall. A survey examined consumer performance measures for Lexington, Kentucky, with additional reference to evaluating recent previous communities of these consumers. The resulting index allows food systems participants and economic development interests to gain a resident consumer perspective of what elements are working well but also determine how individual elements might contribute to the overall score provided for the community in question.
Additional file 9 of Neuron ID dataset facilitates neuronal annotation for whole-brain activity imaging of C. elegans
Creators: name: Toyoshima, Yu
name: Wu, Stephen
name: Kanamori, Manami
name: Sato, Hirofumi
name: Jang, Moon Sun
name: Suzu Oe
name: Murakami, Yuko
name: Teramoto, Takayuki
name: Chanhyun Park
name: Yuishi Iwasaki
name: Ishihara, Takeshi
name: Yoshida, Ryo
name: Iino, Yuichi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 9: Figure S6. Less varying neuron pairs. (A) Less varying neuron pairs were obtained by random permutation of animals (see Methods) and the less varying pairs in the left half of the body are shown by red lines. The pairs including pharyngeal cells were omitted for visualization. (B) The less varying pairs including pharyngeal cells are shown by red lines.
The Dark Age of the Universe
Creators: name: Miralda-Escude, Jordi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Dark Age is the period between the time when the cosmic microwave background was emitted and the time when the evolution of structure in the universe led to the gravitational collapse of objects in which the first stars were formed. The period of reionization started with the ionizing light from the first stars, and it ended when all the atoms in the intergalactic medium had been reionized. The most distant sources of light known at present are galaxies and quasars at redshift z ~ 6, and their spectra indicate that the end of reionization was occurring just at that time. The Cold Dark Matter theory for structure formation predicts that the first sources formed much earlier.
description: Review article, also available at http://www.astronomy.ohio-state.edu/~jordi/research.html
IKS Scientific seminar. Ac-225: Radiobiology and purity
Creators: name: , Jake
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: actinium Ac-225 radiobiology radioisotope purity

description: A presentation given to the IKS and QSP groups at KU Leuven. The presentation concerns preliminary investigations into the radiobiological effects of alpha radiation on cells, as well as the method for purity characterisation of Ac-225 samples collected from CERN MEDICIS
Detection of high heteroplasmy in complete loggerhead and hawksbill sea turtles mitochondrial genomes using RNAseq
Creators: name: Delgado-Cano, David
name: Mariño-Ramírez, Leonardo
name: Hernández-Fernández, Javier
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Hematology

description: Sea turtle populations around the world face rapid decline due to the effect of anthropogenic and environmental factors. Among the affected populations are those of hawksbill turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata) and loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta), which is why a greater effort is currently being made in their monitoring and tracing. The intragenic degree of heteroplasmic mutations, commonly associated with diseases of variable symptoms, has not been analyzed in these species. In this study, heteroplasmy in the complete mitogenome (mtDNA) of three loggerhead turtles and one hawksbill turtle was identified from data obtained by RNAseq. Individuals Cc3, Ei1, Cc1 and Cc2 presented 0.3, 1.7, 1.8 and 7.1% of heteroplasmic mutations in all their mtDNA, respectively. The protein-coding genes that presented the highest percentage of heteroplasmy were ND4 and ND5 in individual Cc2 with 16 and 38.6%, respectively. Of the tRNA genes, only tRNATyr was heteroplasmic in the four individuals with 5.63% (Cc1), 25.35% (Ei1 and Cc2) and 49.3% (Cc3). In this study, we identified the critical sites of heteroplasmy in each individual and the genetic variability of their mitogenomes. The data obtained represents the baseline for future projects that evaluate the population status of these species.
Localized Tachyons and the Quantum McKay Correspondence
Creators: name: Moore, Gregory
name: Parnachev, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The condensation of closed string tachyons localized at the fixed point of a C^d/Γorbifold can be studied in the framework of renormalization group flow in a gauged linear sigma model. The evolution of the Higgs branch along the flow describes a resolution of singularities via the process of tachyon condensation. The study of the fate of D-branes in this process has lead to a notion of a ``quantum McKay correspondence.'' This is a hypothetical correspondence between fractional branes in an orbifold singularity in the ultraviolet with the Coulomb and Higgs branch branes in the infrared. In this paper we present some nontrivial evidence for this correspondence in the case C^2/Z_n by relating the intersection form of fractional branes to that of ``Higgs branch branes,'' the latter being branes which wrap nontrivial cycles in the resolved space.
description: 25 pages; harvmac
Crisis. What crisis? The origins and evolution of foreign policy crisis
Creators: name: Mihalkanin, Edward Styles
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: I propose that foreign policy crisis, as a type of event in international relations, arose much later than did the modern state system. Crisis originated at a specific time in response to changes which occurred in the modern state system. I critique the foreign policy crisis literature which tended to obscure both the origins and evolution of crisis because of the static conceptualizations writers had of the modern state system, their positivist methodology, and their ahistorical reasoning. I derived a definition of crisis from the most important writings within the crisis subfield. In order to use the insights of the crisis writers without being limited by their limitations mentioned above, I turned to the critical theory of Robert Cox and the configurative method of Harold Lasswell. Their emphases on origins, recursion, and replication provided a base from which I could inquire after the origins and evolution of crises. Developments in weaponry and the organization of the armed forces, new transportation and communication technologies, the rise of the nation-state, and innovations in conference diplomacy explain both the origins and evolution of crisis. Crisis arose when the decisionmakers of the Great Powers, fearing that Great Power war would lead to revolution after the end of Napoleonic wars, tried to find a way to settle their competing interests short of war. Crises that existed before 1871 were different from those that occurred after that date due to the uneven incorporation of the innovations mentioned above in the workings of the modern state system. Crises before 1871 shared the characteristics of longer duration, weak perception of crisis, and weak nationalism. To illustrate the similarities and differences which I believed existed among crises, I chose those representative of important conflicts among the Great Powers over long-standing diplomatic issues. They are the Anglo-French Near East Crisis of 1840, the Olmutz Crisis of 1850, the Seven Weeks War Crisis of 1866, the Fashoda Crisis of 1898, the Munich Crisis of 1938, and the US-USSR Nuclear Alert Crisis of 1973. I believe that I have demonstrated that these crises were in fact crises but that they also showed differences among themselves depending on what side of the 1871 divide they fell.
Urinary surgery
Creators: name: Mason, Michael L., 1895-1963
Publisher: name: DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
Year: 1940
Subjects: subject: Urinary Bladder Surgery
subject: Kidney Surgery
subject: Urologic Surgical Procedures
subject: Urinary Bladder
subject: Kidney
subject: Urinary Bladder/surgery
subject: Kidney/surgery

description: Procedures, instruments and equipment used in kidney and urinary bladder surgery.
Additional file 8 of Neuron ID dataset facilitates neuronal annotation for whole-brain activity imaging of C. elegans
Creators: name: Toyoshima, Yu
name: Wu, Stephen
name: Kanamori, Manami
name: Sato, Hirofumi
name: Jang, Moon Sun
name: Suzu Oe
name: Murakami, Yuko
name: Teramoto, Takayuki
name: Chanhyun Park
name: Yuishi Iwasaki
name: Ishihara, Takeshi
name: Yoshida, Ryo
name: Iino, Yuichi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 8: Figure S5. Specific-cell-centered landscape. (A) Original landscape as a reference. This panel is basically the same as Fig. 2a, but several cells are removed for visibility. (B) ASKR-centered landscape. The position of ASKR cell is indicated as a cross. (C) MI-centered landscape. The position of MI cell is indicated as a cross. The same cell has the same color in (A)-(C). The cells in the right side are shown. Several cells are removed for visibility.
Dibaryon systems in the quark mass density- and temperature-dependent model
Creators: name: Zhang, Yun
name: Su, Ru-Keng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the quark mass density- and temperature-dependent model, we have studied the properties of the dibaryon systems. The binding energy, radius and mean lifetime of Omega-Omega and Omega-Xi are given. We find the dibaryons Omega-Omega, Omega-Xi are metastable at zero temperature, but the strong decay channel for Omega-Omega opens when temperature arrives at 129.3MeV. It is shown that our results are in good agreement with those given by the chiral S(3) quark model.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Crisis. What crisis? The origins and evolution of foreign policy crisis
Creators: name: Mihalkanin, Edward Styles
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4408
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: I propose that foreign policy crisis, as a type of event in international relations, arose much later than did the modern state system. Crisis originated at a specific time in response to changes which occurred in the modern state system. I critique the foreign policy crisis literature which tended to obscure both the origins and evolution of crisis because of the static conceptualizations writers had of the modern state system, their positivist methodology, and their ahistorical reasoning. I derived a definition of crisis from the most important writings within the crisis subfield. In order to use the insights of the crisis writers without being limited by their limitations mentioned above, I turned to the critical theory of Robert Cox and the configurative method of Harold Lasswell. Their emphases on origins, recursion, and replication provided a base from which I could inquire after the origins and evolution of crises. Developments in weaponry and the organization of the armed forces, new transportation and communication technologies, the rise of the nation-state, and innovations in conference diplomacy explain both the origins and evolution of crisis. Crisis arose when the decisionmakers of the Great Powers, fearing that Great Power war would lead to revolution after the end of Napoleonic wars, tried to find a way to settle their competing interests short of war. Crises that existed before 1871 were different from those that occurred after that date due to the uneven incorporation of the innovations mentioned above in the workings of the modern state system. Crises before 1871 shared the characteristics of longer duration, weak perception of crisis, and weak nationalism. To illustrate the similarities and differences which I believed existed among crises, I chose those representative of important conflicts among the Great Powers over long-standing diplomatic issues. They are the Anglo-French Near East Crisis of 1840, the Olmutz Crisis of 1850, the Seven Weeks War Crisis of 1866, the Fashoda Crisis of 1898, the Munich Crisis of 1938, and the US-USSR Nuclear Alert Crisis of 1973. I believe that I have demonstrated that these crises were in fact crises but that they also showed differences among themselves depending on what side of the 1871 divide they fell.