cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Agdistis cambriana Arenberger & Beard & Karisch 2016, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Arenberger, Ernst
name: Beard, Annalea M.
name: Karisch, Timm
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Pterophoridae
Agdistis
Agdistis cambriana

description: Agdistis cambriana spec. nov.
Holotype, ♂: “ St. Helena, Rupert’s Valley, WGS 84 15°55.460'S, 5°42.650'W, 36 MASL, 02-23/V/2014, Malaise trap, coll. David Pryce ”. Coll. MNVD.
Paratypes: 6 ♂♂ (2 ♂♂ GU 3320, 3321 KARISCH) with the same data as holotype, coll. MNVD, NHMW, BMNH; 1 ♀ (GU 6450, ARENBERGER) St. Helena, Upper Jamestown, Cambrian House, 05.II.2011, leg. A. M. BEARD, coll. NHMW.
Etymology: Named from the locality at Cambrian House, Jamestown, St. Helena.
Diagnosis (Figs 5, 6): Wingspan: 11.5– 13 mm. Head, thorax and abdomen grey-brown; palpi at base dark brown, tips grey; antenna brown, whitish spotted. Forewing grey-brown, covered with numerous brown scales. Costal margin with two dots, lower fold margin with two large, brown patches which extend to the fringes. Hindwing monochrome grey-brown, anal margin with scattered dark brown scales. Hind legs grey, tarsi white, terminally brown.
Genitalia ♂ (Fig. 2): uncus similar to that of A. marionae, but caudal margin concave incised, lateral tips divergent. Valvae symmetrical, basal parts dumpy, in distal half slender, strip-shaped; outer parts of valva bent, bar-shaped, broadened at the end, but not crenate as in A. marionae (Fig. 1); costal arms slender, strongly curved distally. Aedeagus rather slender, slightly arcuate. 8 th sternite plate-shaped, caudal margin with two broad lobes.
Genitalia ♀ (Fig. 4): antrum similar to that of A. marionae (Fig. 3), but considerably shorter and lateral setae of antrum are less bent.
Biological notes: The caterpillar of A. cambriana spec. nov. is unknown. The imago has been caught in February and May. The habitat is an area with sparse scrub vegetation and some gardens near the north coast of the island (Fig. 7).
Differential diagnosis: Imago of A. cambriana spec. nov. with two costal dots, lacking in A. marionae. In A. marionae only basal part of forewing darkened, in A. cambriana spec. nov. the whole forewing uniform grey-brown, scattered with brown scales. In ♂ -genitalia, distal end of uncus in A. cambriana spec. nov. broad with two divergent tips, in A. marionae tips strongly approximated. Tip of right valva rounded, in A. marionae crenate. Caudal margin of 8 th sternite bilobed in both species, but in A. marionae tips are short, outwardly bent, and in A. cambriana spec. nov. they form broad plates. Antrum in A. marionae considerably longer and more slender than in A. cambriana spec. nov.
Distribution: Likely endemic to St. Helena.
description: Published as part of Arenberger, Ernst, Beard, Annalea M. & Karisch, Timm, 2016, A new Agdistis from St. Helena Island (Lepidoptera, Pterophoridae), pp. 325-328 in Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 66 (2) on pages 327-328, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.66.2.325-328, http://zenodo.org/record/5372980
Blog | Open Science Projects Collaborate on Joint Roadmap
Creators: name: Angell, Nate
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: ORCID delighted to be part of an exciting new initiative in which a group of organizations building nonprofit, open-source tools for scholarship and publication has joined with open-science researchers in a new collaboration to develop a Joint Roadmap for Open Science Tools (JROST). This blog post shares more information about the project.
Published 2018.05.16
Planarity, duality and Laplacian congruence
Creators: name: Smith, Derek A.
name: Traldi, Lorenzo
name: Watkins, William
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We discuss the connections tying Laplacian matrices to abstract duality and planarity of graphs.
description: v1: 20 pages, 3 figures. v2: 21 pages, 3 figures. minor corrections and improvements. v3: 23 pages, 3 figures. final prepublication version
Osmotic pressure between arbitrarily charged surfaces: a revisited approach
Creators: name: Adar, Ram M.
name: Andelman, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of ionic solutions between charged surfaces are often studied within the Poisson-Boltzmann framework, by finding the electrostatic potential profile. For example, the osmotic pressure between two charged planar surfaces can be evaluated by solving coupled equations for the electrostatic potential and osmotic pressure. Such a solution relies on symmetry arguments and is restricted to either equally or oppositely charged surfaces. Here, we provide a different and more efficient scheme to derive the osmotic pressure straight-forwardly, without the need to find the electrostatic potential profile. We derive analytical expressions for the osmotic pressure in terms of the inter-surface separation, salt concentration, and arbitrary boundary conditions. Such results should be useful in force measurement setups, where the force is measured between two differently prepared surfaces, or between two surfaces held at a fixed potential difference. The proposed method can be systematically used for generalized Poisson-Boltzmann theories in planar geometries, as is demonstrated for the sterically modified Poisson-Boltzmann theory.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Weakly Charged Compact Stars in $f \left( R \right)$ gravity
Creators: name: Mansour, Houda
name: Lakhal, Bahia Si
name: Yanallah, Abdelkader
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study electrically charged compact stars in the framework of extended theory of gravity (ETG). We assume that the charge density is proportional to the energy density. The polytropic equation of state is chosen to describe the state of the charged perfect fluid. We aim to find the Oppenheimer Volkoff (OV) mass limit for charged compact stars. A detailed numerical study is performed. We show the dependence of the mass-radius diagram of the spheres on the values of the perturbatif parameter $β$, the polytropic exponent $γ$ and the charge fraction $α$. Our results are compared with those found in the literature in the case of applying General Relativity (GR).
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
Blog | The ORCID Brazil Consortium: Building a Community
Creators: name: Heredia, Ana
name: Talita Moreira
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The ORCID Brazilian consortium, which formed in December 2017, launches officially on May 22. Learn more in this post by Ana Heredia, ORCID's Head of Memberships for Latin America, and Talita Moreira, CAPES Evaluation Office's General Coordinator of Post-Graduate Activities.
Dark energy survivals in massive gravity after GW170817: SO(3) invariant
Creators: name: Heisenberg, Lavinia
name: Tsujikawa, Shinji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent detection of the gravitational wave signal GW170817 together with an electromagnetic counterpart GRB 170817A from the merger of two neutron stars puts a stringent bound on the tensor propagation speed. This constraint can be automatically satisfied in the framework of massive gravity. In this work we consider a general $SO(3)$-invariant massive gravity with five propagating degrees of freedom and derive the conditions for the absence of ghosts and Laplacian instabilities in the presence of a matter perfect fluid on the flat Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) cosmological background. The graviton potential containing the dependence of three-dimensional metrics and a fiducial metric coupled to a temporal scalar field gives rise to a scenario of the late-time cosmic acceleration in which the dark energy equation of state $w_{\rm DE}$ is equivalent to $-1$ or varies in time. We find that the deviation from the value $w_{\rm DE}=-1$ provides important contributions to the quantities associated with the stability conditions of tensor, vector, and scalar perturbations. In concrete models, we study the dynamics of dark energy arising from the graviton potential and show that there exist viable parameter spaces in which neither ghosts nor Laplacian instabilities are present for both $w_{\rm DE}>-1$ and $w_{\rm DE}<-1$. We also generally obtain the effective gravitational coupling $G_{\rm eff}$ with non-relativistic matter as well as the gravitational slip parameter $η_s$ associated with the observations of large-scale structures and weak lensing. We show that, apart from a specific case, the two quantities $G_{\rm eff}$ and $η_s$ are similar to those in general relativity for scalar perturbations deep inside the sound horizon.
description: 26 pages, 2 figues
Adaptive Designs for Optimal Observed Fisher Information
Creators: name: Lane, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Expected Fisher information can be found a priori and as a result its inverse is the primary variance approximation used in the design of experiments. This is in contrast to the common claim that the inverse of observed Fisher information is a better approximation to the variance of the maximum likelihood estimator. Observed Fisher information cannot be known a priori; however, if an experiment is conducted sequentially (in a series of runs) the observed Fisher information from previous runs is available. In the current work two adaptive designs are proposed that use the observed Fisher information from previous runs in the design of the current run.
description: 19 pages, 2 figures
Uniform Ergodicity for Brownian Motion in a Bounded Convex Set
Creators: name: Loper, Jackson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider an n-dimensional Brownian Motion trapped inside a bounded convex set by normally-reflecting boundaries. It is well-known that this process is uniformly ergodic. However, the rates of this ergodicity are not well-understood, especially in the regime of very high-dimensional sets. Here we present new bounds on these rates for convex sets with a given diameter. Our bounds do not depend upon the smoothness of the boundary nor the value of the ambient dimension, n.
Mytilina wangi Luo & Segers 2014, n. sp.
Creators: name: Luo, Yongting
name: Segers, Hendrik
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Rotifera
Eurotatoria
Ploima
Mytilinidae
Mytilina
Mytilina wangi

description: Mytilina wangi n. sp.
(Figs 1–7)
Type locality and types. A shallow pond south of Wuritala Sumu, in a place locally called Anda Tribe, Inner Mongolia, P. R. China, July 18th, 2013 (N 43°05′24.5″, E 116°03′03.3″, Altitude 1302 m). The surface of the pond is about 50 by 150 m. pH 8, Temperature 29.2° C.
Holotype: 1 female specimen in permanent slide, deposited in RBINS (IG32753, RIR 215); Paratype: 1 female specimen in permanent slide, deposited in SHNU.
Differential diagnosis. Mytilina w angi sp. nov. most closely resembles species of the Mytilina mucronata - ventralis group, by having a clearly developed stippled collar and a pair of anterior and of posterior ventral spines. It can, however, hardly be confused with any of its congeners by its remarkably arched lorica and low head aperture. These features are especially obvious in lateral view. The species further has the shortest toes of all taxa in the group.
Description. Lorica stiff, smooth, transparent, with a granulated collar surrounding the head aperture, strongly arched dorsally in lateral view, ventral lorica relatively flat longitudinally, convex transversally. Lateral lorica plates longitudinally convex, dorsally divided by a deep sulcus running from head aperture to posterior end of lorica. Head aperture broad but low, dorsally a V-shaped, ventrally a U-shaped sinus, with a pair of sharp ventral spines present laterally of the head aperture. and a pair of longer, sharp spines beside the foot opening. Foot opening broad, U-shaped ventrally, V-shaped sinus dorsally, lateral lorica plates drawn out into a pair of sharp, elongate ventral spines lateral of the foot aperture. Foot pseudosegments indistinct. A pair of equal, relatively short, slender toes present, without claws. Trophus malleate. Measurements as in Table 2.
*no reliable measurement could be made due to condition of the specimen.
Male unknown.
Ecology and distribution. Only 4 specimens of Mytilina wangi n. sp. were found at the type locality, and the species has not been found in any of the other samples collected during this study. This indicates that the species is rare, and it must be considered endemic to Inner Mongolia. However, the habitat in which the species occurred is a relatively weedy pond in a shallow depression along road G 207 in an otherwise rather arid region (Fig. 11). The water was alkaline, and the co-occurring rotifers (Table 3) represent a relatively species-rich assemblage, including three congeners, M. brevispina, M. ventralis, and M. mucronata.
Etymology. The species is named after the first author’s supervisor, Professor Quanxi Wang of SHNU.
description: Published as part of Luo, Yongting & Segers, Hendrik, 2014, The genus Mytilina in China, with description of a new species (Rotifera: Monogononta: Mytilinidae), pp. 561-568 in Zootaxa 3846 (4) on pages 563-565, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3846.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/4928715
Effect of Supernovae on the Local Interstellar Material
Creators: name: Frisch, Priscilla
name: Dwarkadas, Vikram V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A range of astronomical data indicates that ancient supernovae created the galactic environment of the Sun and sculpted the physical properties of the interstellar medium near the heliosphere. In this paper we review the characteristics of the local interstellar medium that have been affected by supernovae. The kinematics, magnetic field, elemental abundances, and configuration of the nearest interstellar material support the view that the Sun is at the edge of the Loop I superbubble, which has merged into the low density Local Bubble. The energy source for the higher temperature X-ray emitting plasma pervading the Local Bubble is uncertain. Winds from massive stars and nearby supernovae, perhaps from the Sco-Cen Association, may have contributed radioisotopes found in the geologic record and galactic cosmic ray population. Nested supernova shells in the Orion and Sco-Cen regions suggest spatially distinct sites of episodic star formation. The heliosphere properties vary with the pressure of the surrounding interstellar cloud. A nearby supernova would modify this pressure equilibrium and thereby severely disrupt the heliosphere as well as the local interstellar medium.
description: 30 pages, 7 figures. Author version, updated and modified (several updated and new paragraphs, one new subsection), of an article that was published in the Handbook of Supernovae, A.W. Alsabti, P. Murdin (eds.), Springer, 2016
Rare events and Poisson point processes
Creators: name: Götze, Friedrich
name: Zaitsev, Andrei Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60F05

description: The aim of the present work is to show that the results obtained earlier on the approximation of distributions of sums of independent terms by the accompanying compound Poisson laws may be interpreted as rather sharp quantitative estimates for the closeness between the sample containing independent observations of rare events and the Poisson point process which is obtained after a Poissonization of the initial sample.
description: 9 pages
Blog | Consórcio brasileiro ORCID: Construindo uma comunidade
Creators: name: Heredia, Ana
name: Talita Moreira
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: O Consórcio brasileiro, formado em dezembro de 2017, será lançado oficialmente no dia 22 de maio. Saiba mais neste post de Ana Heredia, Head of Memberships da ORCID para a América Latina, e de Talita Moreira, Coordenadora-geral de Atividades de Apoio à Pós-Graduação da Diretoria de Avaliação da CAPES.
Published 2018.05.17
Dielectric Constant of Ionic Solutions: Combined Effects of Correlations and Excluded Volume
Creators: name: Adar, Ram M.
name: Markovich, Tomer
name: Levy, Amir
name: Orland, Henri
name: Andelman, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dielectric constant of ionic solutions is known to reduce with increasing ionic concentrations. However, the origin of this effect has not been thoroughly explored. In this paper we study two such possible sources: long-range Coulombic correlations and solvent excluded volume. Correlations originate from fluctuations of the electrostatic potential beyond the mean-field Poisson-Boltzmann theory, evaluated by employing a field-theoretical loop expansion of the free energy. The solvent excluded-volume, on the other hand, stems from the finite ion size, accounted for via a lattice-gas model. We show that both correlations and excluded volume are required in order to capture the important features of the dielectric behavior. For highly polar solvents, such as water, the dielectric constant is given by the product of the solvent volume fraction and a concentration-dependent susceptibility per volume fraction. The available solvent volume decreases as function of ionic strength due the increasing volume fraction of ions. A similar decrease occurs for the susceptibility due to correlations between the ions and solvent, reducing the dielectric response even further. Our predictions for the dielectric constant fit well with experiments for a wide range of concentrations for different salts in different temperatures, using a single fit parameter related to the ion size.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Blog | GDPR, ORCID, and You
Creators: name: Schwarze, Joe
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) takes effect on Friday, May 25. User control is a core principle here at ORCID, and this blog post shares how our practices align with the regulation.
Published 2018.05.21
Optimal Short-Circuit Resilient Formulas
Creators: name: Braverman, Mark
name: Efremenko, Klim
name: Gelles, Ran
name: Yitayew, Michael A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider fault-tolerant boolean formulas in which the output of a faulty gate is short-circuited to one of the gate's inputs. A recent result by Kalai et al. (FOCS 2012) converts any boolean formula into a resilient formula of polynomial size that works correctly if less than a fraction $1/6$ of the gates (on every input-to-output path) are faulty. We improve the result of Kalai et al., and show how to efficiently fortify any boolean formula against a fraction $1/5$ of short-circuit gates per path, with only a polynomial blowup in size. We additionally show that it is impossible to obtain formulas with higher resilience and sub-exponential growth in size. Towards our results, we consider interactive coding schemes when noiseless feedback is present; these produce resilient boolean formulas via a Karchmer-Wigderson relation. We develop a coding scheme that resists up to a fraction $1/5$ of corrupted transmissions in each direction of the interactive channel. We further show that such a level of noise is maximal for coding schemes with sub-exponential blowup in communication. Our coding scheme takes a surprising inspiration from Blockchain technology.
description: The second version corrects an error in the theorems of Section 3. Accepted to JACM
Bilayers and quasi-3D stacks of Jain series fractional quantum Hall states from parton construction
Creators: name: Banerjee, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a description of bilayers and quasi-three dimensional stacks of Jain series of fractional quantum Hall states using their parton descriptions, and argue for them as candidate states when the interlayer Coulombic interaction is comparable to the intralayer Coulomb interaction. For the bilayers, a K-matrix theory is presented and shown to be different from decoupled or bonded layers. The quasi-3D systems have gapless gauge excitations and gapped partons that may be able to move about in the 3D, thus presenting a toy model for quantum Hall-like states in three dimensions.
Comment on "An excess of massive stars in the local 30 Doradus starburst"
Creators: name: Farr, Will M
name: Mandel, Ilya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Schneider et al. (Science, 2018) used an ad hoc statistical method in their calculation of the stellar initial mass function. Adopting an improved approach, we reanalyse their data and determine a power law exponent of $2.05_{-0.14}^{+0.13}$. Alternative assumptions regarding data set completeness and the star formation history model can shift the inferred exponent to $2.11_{-0.19}^{+0.17}$ and $2.15_{-0.13}^{+0.13}$, respectively.
description: published as a technical comment in Science
Response to comment on "An excess of massive stars in the local 30 Doradus starburst"
Creators: name: Schneider, F. R. N.
name: Sana, H.
name: Evans, C. J.
name: Bestenlehner, J. M.
name: Castro, N.
name: Fossati, L.
name: Gräfener, G.
name: Langer, N.
name: Ramírez-Agudelo, O. H.
name: Sabín-Sanjulián, C.
name: Simón-Díaz, S.
name: Tramper, F.
name: Crowther, P. A.
name: de Koter, A.
name: de Mink, S. E.
name: Dufton, P. L.
name: Garcia, M.
name: Gieles, M.
name: Hénault-Brunet, V.
name: Herrero, A.
name: Izzard, R. G.
name: Kalari, V.
name: Lennon, D. J.
name: Apellániz, J. Maíz
name: Markova, N.
name: Najarro, F.
name: Podsiadlowski, Ph.
name: Puls, J.
name: Taylor, W. D.
name: van Loon, J. Th.
name: Vink, J. S.
name: Norman, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Farr and Mandel reanalyse our data, finding initial-mass-function slopes for high mass stars in 30 Doradus that agree with our results. However, their reanalysis appears to underpredict the observed number of massive stars. Their technique results in more precise slopes than in our work, strengthening our conclusion that there is an excess of massive stars above $30\,\mathrm{M}_\odot$ in 30 Doradus.
description: Authors' version of a response to a technical comment published in Science; 8 pages, 1 figure
Blog: Enter Once, Reuse Often
Creators: name: Meadows, Alice
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Enter once, reuse often is an ORCID mantra. We want to help create a world where researchers can easily share information about their research activities without having to type it in. This blog post considers our progress toward this goal.
Published 2018.05.24
Zero entropy automorphisms of compact Kähler manifolds and dynamical filtrations
Creators: name: Dinh, Tien-Cuong
name: Lin, Hsueh-Yung
name: Oguiso, Keiji
name: Zhang, De-Qi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J50, 32M05, 32H50, 37B40

description: We study zero entropy automorphisms of a compact Kähler manifold $X$. Our goal is to bring to light some new structures of the action on the cohomology of $X$, in terms of the so-called dynamical filtrations on $H^{1,1}(X, {\mathbb R})$. Based on these filtrations, we obtain the first general upper bound on the polynomial growth of the iterations $(g^m)^* \, {\circlearrowleft} \, H^2(X, {\mathbb C})$ where $g$ is a zero entropy automorphism, in terms of ${\rm dim} \, X$ only. We also give an upper bound for the (essential) derived length $\ell_{\rm ess}(G, X)$ for every zero entropy subgroup $G$, again in terms of the dimension of $X$ only. We propose a conjectural upper bound for the essential nilpotency class $c_{\rm ess}(G,X)$ of a zero entropy subgroup $G$. Finally, we construct examples showing that our upper bound of the polynomial growth (as well as the conjectural upper bound of $c_{\rm ess}(G,X)$) are optimal.
description: Geometric and Functional Analysis (2022), to appear; Title shortened a bit; Part of the content is moved to another paper in progress
Estimates for the closeness of convolutions of probability distributions on convex polyhedra
Creators: name: Götze, Friedrich
name: Zaitsev, Andrei Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60E15, 60G50

description: The aim of the present work is to show that the results obtained earlier on the approximation of distributions of sums of independent summands by the accompanying compound Poisson laws and the estimates of the proximity of sequential convolutions of multidimensional distributions may be transferred to the estimation of the closeness of convolutions of probability distributions on convex polyhedra.
description: 8 pages
Study of Semiclassical Instability of the Schwarzschild AdS Black Hole in the Large $D$ Limit
Creators: name: Sadhu, Amruta
name: Suneeta, Vardarajan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the semiclassical stability of the Schwarzschild AdS black hole in the Euclidean partition function approach. We perform this computation in the large $D$ limit and focus on scalar perturbations. We obtain the equations for non-spherically symmetric scalar perturbations in a simple form. For a class of perturbations stability is demonstrated by the S-deformation method. For some other classes we rule out unstable modes of $\mathcal{O}(D^2)$. We also analyze the spherically symmetric perturbations and demonstrate the appearance of an unstable mode for small black holes in the large $D$ limit. We obtain an expression for the eigenvalue corresponding to the unstable mode to next to leading order in a $1/D$ expansion. This result agrees with a previously obtained numerical bound on this eigenvalue. For cosmological constant zero, our answer matches a previous result obtained for the corresponding eigenvalue for the $D$ dimensional Schwarzschild-Tangherlini black hole to next to leading order in a $1/D$ expansion.
description: 41 pages, cut-paste typos in pedagogical Appendix fixed, no changes to results or in main body of paper, supercedes journal version
Efficient Multiparty Interactive Coding for Insertions, Deletions and Substitutions
Creators: name: Gelles, Ran
name: Kalai, Yael T.
name: Ramnarayan, Govind
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the field of interactive coding, two or more parties wish to carry out a distributed computation over a communication network that may be noisy. The ultimate goal is to develop efficient coding schemes that can tolerate a high level of noise while increasing the communication by only a constant factor (i.e., constant rate). In this work we consider synchronous communication networks over an arbitrary topology, in the powerful adversarial insertion-deletion noise model. Namely, the noisy channel may adversarially alter the content of any transmitted symbol, as well as completely remove a transmitted symbol or inject a new symbol into the channel. We provide efficient, constant rate schemes that successfully conduct any computation with high probability as long as the adversary corrupts at most $\varepsilon /m$ fraction of the total communication, where $m$ is the number of links in the network and $\varepsilon$ is a small constant. This scheme assumes the parties share a random string to which the adversarial noise is oblivious. We can remove this assumption at the price of being resilient to $\varepsilon / (m\log m)$ adversarial error. While previous work considered the insertion-deletion noise model in the two-party setting, to the best of our knowledge, our scheme is the first multiparty scheme that is resilient to insertions and deletions. Furthermore, our scheme is the first computationally efficient scheme in the multiparty setting that is resilient to adversarial noise.
description: An updated and corrected version. The work was split into two parts, published in the IEEE transactions on Information Theory
Connections between spectral properties of asymptotic mappings and solutions to wireless network problems
Creators: name: Cavalcante, Renato Luís Garrido
name: Liao, Qi
name: Stańczak, Slawomir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this study we establish connections between asymptotic functions and properties of solutions to important problems in wireless networks. We start by introducing a class of self-mappings (called asymptotic mappings) constructed with asymptotic functions, and we show that spectral properties of these mappings explain the behavior of solutions to some maxmin utility optimization problems. For example, in a common family of max-min utility power control problems, we prove that the optimal utility as a function of the power available to transmitters is approximately linear in the low power regime. However, as we move away from this regime, there exists a transition point, easily computed from the spectral radius of an asymptotic mapping, from which gains in utility become increasingly marginal. From these results we derive analogous properties of the transmit energy efficiency. In this study we also generalize and unify existing approaches for feasibility analysis in wireless networks. Feasibility problems often reduce to determining the existence of the fixed point of a standard interference mapping, and we show that the spectral radius of an asymptotic mapping provides a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of such a fixed point. We further present a result that determines whether the fixed point satisfies a constraint given in terms of a monotone norm.
Neutron capture cross sections from surrogate reaction data and theory: connecting the pieces with a Markov-Chain Monte Carlo approach
Creators: name: Gorton, Oliver
name: Escher, Jutta E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The neutron capture cross section for $^{90}Zr(n, γ)$ has recently been determined using surrogate $^{92}Zr(p, dγ)$ data and nuclear reaction theory. That work employed an approximate fitting method based on Bayesian Monte Carlo sampling to determine parameters needed for calculating the $^{90}Zr(n, γ)$ cross section. Here, we improve the approach by introducing a more sophisticated Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling method. We present preliminary results.
description: Accepted into the proceedings of the 6th International Workshop on Compound-Nuclear Reactions and Related Topics, Berkeley, California, September 24-28, 2018. 4 pages, 1 figure
Peculiar outbursts of an ultra luminous source likely signs of an aperiodic disc-wind
Creators: name: Stiele, H.
name: Kong, A. K. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The metal rich globular cluster RZ 2109 in the massive Virgo elliptical galaxy NGC 4472 (M49) harbours the ultra luminous X-ray source XMMU 122939.7+075333. Previous studies showed that this source varies between bright and faint phases on timescales of just a few hours. Here, we report the discovery of two peculiar X-ray bursting events that last for about 8 and 3.5 hours separated by about 3 days. Such a recurring X-ray burst-like behaviour has never been observed before. We argue that type-I X-ray bursts or super bursts as well as outburst scenarios requiring a young stellar object are highly unlikely explanations for the observed light curve, leaving an aperiodic disc wind scenario driven by hyper-Eddington accretion as a viable explanation for this new type of X-ray flaring activities.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, accepted by ApJ
Sensitivity of top-of-the-mountain fluorescence telescope system for astrophysical neutrino flux above 10 PeV
Creators: name: Neronov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tau neutrinos with energies in the PeV-EeV range produce up-going extensive air showers (UEAS) if they interact underground close enough to the surface of the Earth. This work studies detectability of the UEAS with a system of fluorescence telescopes overlooking dark, low reflectivity, area on the ground up to the distances 20-30 km from mountain top(s). Such system could provide sensitivity sufficient for accumulation of the astrophysical neutrino signal statistics at the rate ten(s) events per year in the energy range beyond 10 PeV, thus allowing to extend the energy frontier of neutrino astronomy into 10-100 PeV range. Comparison of sensitivities of the top-of-the-mountain telescope and IceCube Generation II shows that the two approaches for neutrino detection are complementary, providing comparable performance in adjacent energy bands below and above 10 PeV. Sensitivity of the top-of-the-mountain fluorescence telescope system is also sufficient for the discovery of theoretically predicted cosmogenic neutrino signal.
Escape of entropy for countable Markov shifts
Creators: name: Iommi, Godofredo
name: Todd, Mike
name: Velozo, Anibal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we study ergodic theory of countable Markov shifts. These are dynamical systems defined over non-compact spaces. Our main result relates the escape of mass, the measure theoretic entropy, and the entropy at infinity of the system. This relation has several consequences. For example we obtain that the entropy map is upper semi-continuous and that the ergodic measures form an entropy dense subset. Our results also provide new proofs of results describing the existence and stability of the measure of maximal entropy. We relate the entropy at infinity with the Hausdorff dimension of the set of recurrent points that escape on average. Of independent interest, we prove a version of Katok's entropy formula in this non-compact setting.
Recovery of Future Data via Convolution Nuclear Norm Minimization
Creators: name: Liu, Guangcan
name: Zhang, Wayne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper studies the problem of time series forecasting (TSF) from the perspective of compressed sensing. First of all, we convert TSF into a more inclusive problem called tensor completion with arbitrary sampling (TCAS), which is to restore a tensor from a subset of its entries sampled in an arbitrary manner. While it is known that, in the framework of Tucker low-rankness, it is theoretically impossible to identify the target tensor based on some arbitrarily selected entries, in this work we shall show that TCAS is indeed tackleable in the light of a new concept called convolutional low-rankness, which is a generalization of the well-known Fourier sparsity. Then we introduce a convex program termed Convolution Nuclear Norm Minimization (CNNM), and we prove that CNNM succeeds in solving TCAS as long as a sampling condition--which depends on the convolution rank of the target tensor--is obeyed. This theory provides a meaningful answer to the fundamental question of what is the minimum sampling size needed for making a given number of forecasts. Experiments on univariate time series, images and videos show encouraging results.
Noisy Beeping Networks
Creators: name: Ashkenazi, Yagel
name: Gelles, Ran
name: Leshem, Amir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce noisy beeping networks, where nodes have limited communication capabilities, namely, they can only emit energy or sense the channel for energy. Furthermore, imperfections may cause devices to malfunction with some fixed probability when sensing the channel, which amounts to deducing a noisy received transmission. Such noisy networks have implications for ultra-lightweight sensor networks and biological systems. We show how to compute tasks in a noise-resilient manner over noisy beeping networks of arbitrary structure. In particular, we transform any algorithm that assumes a noiseless beeping network (of size $n$) into a noise-resilient version while incurring a multiplicative overhead of only $O(\log n)$ in its round complexity, with high probability. We show that our coding is optimal for some tasks, such as node-coloring of a clique. We further show how to simulate a large family of algorithms designed for distributed networks in the CONGEST($B$) model over a noisy beeping network. The simulation succeeds with high probability and incurs an asymptotic multiplicative overhead of $O(B\cdot Δ\cdot \min(n,Δ^2))$ in the round complexity, where $Δ$ is the maximal degree of the network. The overhead is tight for certain graphs, e.g., a clique. Further, this simulation implies a constant overhead coding for constant-degree networks.
description: Updated version, accepted to Information and Computation
title: Thesis Plate 2: Stratigraphic columns of the Zebra Nappe, Southern Naukluft Mountains, Namibia
Creators: name: Quinn, Daven P
Publisher: name: Caltech Library
Year: 2018
Subjects: stratigraphy
geology
Neoproterozoic
passive margin

description: Website containing stratigraphic columns for the southern Naukluft Mountains, Namibia.
Conditional Information and Inference in Response-Adaptive Allocation Designs
Creators: name: Lane, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Response-adaptive allocation designs refer to a class of designs where the probability an observation is assigned to a treatment is changed throughout an experiment based on the accrued responses. Such procedures result in random treatment sample sizes. Most of the current literature considers unconditional inference procedures in the analysis of response-adaptive allocation designs. The focus of this work is inference conditional on the observed treatment sample sizes. The inverse of information is a description of the large sample variance of the parameter estimates. A simple form for the conditional information relative to unconditional information is derived. It is found that conditional information can be greater than unconditional information. It is also shown that the variance of the conditional maximum likelihood estimate can be less than the variance of the unconditional maximum likelihood estimate. Finally, a conditional bootstrap procedure is developed that, in the majority of cases examined, resulted in narrower confidence intervals than relevant unconditional procedures.
description: 20 pages, 1 figure, 3 tables, 1 supplemental document 4 pages, 3 tables
A versatile combinatorial approach of studying products of long cycles in symmetric groups
Creators: name: Chen, Ricky X. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A05, 05A19, 60C05

description: In symmetric groups, studies of permutation factorizations or triples of permutations satisfying certain conditions have a long history. One particular interesting case is when two of the involved permutations are long cycles, for which many surprisingly simple formulas have been obtained. Here we combinatorially enumerate the pairs of long cycles whose product has a given cycle-type and separates certain elements, extending several lines of studies, and we obtain general quantitative relations. As consequences, in a unified way, we recover a number of results expecting simple combinatorial proofs, including results of Boccara (1980), Zagier (1995), Stanley (2011), Féray and Vassilieva (2012), as well as Hultman (2014). We obtain a number of new results as well. In particular, for the first time, given a partition of a set, we obtain an explicit formula for the number of pairs of long cycles on the set such that the product of the long cycles does not mix the elements from distinct blocks of the partition and has an independently prescribed number of cycles for each block of elements. As applications, we obtain new explicit formulas concerning factorizations of any even permutation into long cycles and the first nontrivial explicit formula for computing strong separation probabilities solving an open problem of Stanley (2010).
description: 12 pages, a draft extended abstract, comments are welcome. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1909.13388; text overlap with arXiv:1910.01029
An improved multivariate version of Kolmogorov's second uniform limit theorem
Creators: name: Götze, Friedrich
name: Zaitsev, Andrei Yu.
name: Zaporozhets, Dmitry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60F05, 60E15, 60G50

description: The aim of the present work is to show that the results obtained earlier on the approximation of distributions of sums of independent summands by infinitely divisible laws may be transferred to the estimation of the closeness of distributions on convex polyhedra.
description: 12 pages
$L^p$ regularity for a class of averaging operators on the Heisenberg group
Creators: name: Bentsen, Geoffrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35S30, 44A12, 42B20, 42B35, 46E35

description: We prove $L^p_{comp}\to L^p_{s}$ boundedness for averaging operators associated to a class of curves in the Heisenberg group $\mathbb{H}^1$ via $L^2$ estimates for related oscillatory integrals and Bourgain-Demeter decoupling inequalities on the cone. We also construct a Sobolev space adapted to translations on the Heisenberg group to which these averaging operators map all $L^p$ functions boundedly.
description: 32 pages, 2 figures. Added references, added detail to proof of Corollary 1.1, result unchanged. Made additional changes reflecting anonymous referee's comments
Linear-time inference for Gaussian Processes on one dimension
Creators: name: Loper, Jackson
name: Blei, David
name: Cunningham, John P.
name: Paninski, Liam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 60G15 (Primary) 68W10, 47B34 (Secondary)

description: Gaussian Processes (GPs) provide powerful probabilistic frameworks for interpolation, forecasting, and smoothing, but have been hampered by computational scaling issues. Here we investigate data sampled on one dimension (e.g., a scalar or vector time series sampled at arbitrarily-spaced intervals), for which state-space models are popular due to their linearly-scaling computational costs. It has long been conjectured that state-space models are general, able to approximate any one-dimensional GP. We provide the first general proof of this conjecture, showing that any stationary GP on one dimension with vector-valued observations governed by a Lebesgue-integrable continuous kernel can be approximated to any desired precision using a specifically-chosen state-space model: the Latent Exponentially Generated (LEG) family. This new family offers several advantages compared to the general state-space model: it is always stable (no unbounded growth), the covariance can be computed in closed form, and its parameter space is unconstrained (allowing straightforward estimation via gradient descent). The theorem's proof also draws connections to Spectral Mixture Kernels, providing insight about this popular family of kernels. We develop parallelized algorithms for performing inference and learning in the LEG model, test the algorithm on real and synthetic data, and demonstrate scaling to datasets with billions of samples.
description: Accepted to JMLR