cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Genealogy of Pro-Status Quo Voluntarism: From the Victorian Volunteer Movement to Fundraising Distance Runs for Healthcare
Creators: name: Francis, Cheryl
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Public and Social Welfare
subject: voluntarism
subject: Neoliberalism
subject: healthcare
subject: fundraising
subject: Government

description: The current phenomenon of running long distances to raise money and awareness for healthcare-oriented charities has roots in Victorian-era Britain. Combining the pro-status quo nineteenth-century Volunteer movement with forced prison treadwheel labour specific to the same era yields a precursor of less-similar form than the current spectacle but with an exceedingly similar function. The Volunteer movement was little more than rational recreation under the guise of preparing for a war that never came, while prison officials of the era commodified treadwheel labour as a way to make inmates pay for their own institutional expenses. Thorstein Veblen’s concept of conspicuous consumption of leisure time defines both the 19th-century Volunteer movement and its current counterpart, which also exhibits characteristics of rational recreation. Both the Volunteer movement and today’s charity running events were and are developed and employed in countries where the governments of the day took (and take) a ‘live and let live’ approach to service provision. Nancy Scheper-Hughes and Margaret Lock’s publication “The Mindful Body: A Prolegomenon to Future Work in Medical Anthropology,” provides a useful analytical tool with which to compare and contrast the individual, social and political aspects of the Volunteer movement, prison treadwheel labour and fundraising distance running.
Ultra-strong laser pulses: streak-camera for gamma-rays via pair production and quantum radiative reaction
Creators: name: Hatsagortsyan, K. Z.
name: Ipp, A.
name: Evers, J.
name: Di Piazza, A.
name: Keitel, C. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a strong laser pulse combined with a strong x-ray pulse can be employed in a detection scheme for characterizing high-energy $γ$-ray pulses down to the zeptosecond timescale. The scheme employs streak imaging technique built upon the high-energy process of electron-positron pair production in vacuum through the collision of a test pulse with intense laser pulses. The role of quantum radiation reaction in multiphoton Compton scattering process and limitations imposed by it on the detection scheme are examined.
High-Sensitivity GNSS Doppler and Velocity Estimation for Indoor Navigation
Creators: name: He, Zhe
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Engineering
subject: Engineering--Aerospace
subject: Engineering--Electronics and Electrical
subject: high-sensitivity GNSS
subject: Doppler
subject: Velocity
subject: Indoor Navigation
subject: GPS
subject: GLONASS

description: Doppler measurements in global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receivers are useful for various purposes since they not only convey velocity and attitude information, but also directly relate with carrier phase measurements. When it comes to poor signal conditions, conventional high sensitivity GNSS receivers usually extend integration time in order to maintain track of weak GNSS signals. However, due to low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and multipath effects, the navigation accuracy is still degraded in this case. Thus maintaining track of Doppler frequency with acceptable accuracy in challenged indoor environments is important and will be beneficial for both standalone and integrated solutions. This thesis investigates how to obtain more reliable and robust Doppler frequency and velocity estimates with GNSS signals for indoor navigation. Doppler errors due to indoor multipath and user dynamics are first investigated. Experimental results show that these errors are further affected by some multipath statistics such as averaged multipath angle of arrivals (AOAs). A directional signal/multipath model is thus developed to characterize such errors. To mitigate the adverse effects brought by multipath signals, a direct vector receiver with GLONASS capability is therefore proposed and developed. It is shown that when the user has partial visibility of line-of-sight (LOS) satellite signals, both the velocity and Doppler estimation accuracy is improved as compared to conventional high sensitivity receivers. Geometry dependent factors are defined and used to quantify such improvements. Finally, the benefits of using such Doppler measurements for consistent navigation are evaluated in two real indoor environments. Doppler measurements from both direct vector receiver and conventional high sensitivity receiver are tightly integrated with a PDR algorithm. Results show that in large open space indoor environments, the former integration strategy significantly improves the navigation accuracy. For office like indoor environments, improvements of the former integration strategy are not very apparent, but still outperform the conventional integration strategy. All these indicate that the quality of Doppler estimated by direct vector receiver is as good as or better than the conventional one for the indoor environments considered herein.
On collisions with unlimited energies in the vicinity of Kerr and Schwarzschild black hole horizons
Creators: name: Grib, A. A.
name: Pavlov, Yu. V.
name: Piattella, O. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two particle collisions close to the horizon of the rotating nonextremal Kerr's and Schwarzschild black holes are analyzed. For the case of multiple collisions it is shown that high energy in the centre of mass frame occurs due to a great relative velocity of two particles and a large Lorentz factor. The dependence of the relative velocity on the distance to horizon is analyzed, the time of movement from the point in the accretion disc to the point of scattering with large energy as well as the time of back movement to the Earth are calculated. It is shown that they have reasonable order.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure. arXiv admin note: significant text overlap with arXiv:1105.1540
Helping learned societies explore Plan S-compliant business models - A proposal
Creators: name: Fyfe, Aileen
name: Lawson, Stuart
name: Moore, Sam
name: Neylon, Cameron
name: Eve, Martin Paul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: learned societies
Plan S
open access

description: This proposal was submitted to the funding call 'Helping learned societies explore Plan S-compliant business models', from the Wellcome Trust in partnership with UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) and the Association of Learned & Professional Society Publishers (ALPSP). The funders sought 'to engage the services of a consultant to explore a range of potential strategies and business models through which learned societies could adapt and thrive under Plan S' (https://wellcome.ac.uk/sites/default/files/learned-societies-consultancy-request-for-proposals.pdf).
Discovery of Three Distant, Cold Brown Dwarfs in the WFC3 Infrared Spectroscopic Parallels Survey
Creators: name: Masters, Daniel
name: McCarthy, Patrick
name: Burgasser, Adam J.
name: Hathi, Nimish P.
name: Malkan, Matthew
name: Ross, Nathaniel R.
name: Siana, Brian
name: Scarlata, Claudia
name: Henry, Alaina
name: Colbert, James
name: Atek, Hakim
name: Rafelski, Marc
name: Teplitz, Harry
name: Bunker, Andrew
name: Dressler, Alan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the discovery of three late type (>T4) brown dwarfs, including a probable Y dwarf, in the WFC3 Infrared Spectroscopic Parallels (WISP) Survey. We use the G141 grism spectra to determine the spectral types of the dwarfs and derive distance estimates based on a comparison with nearby T dwarfs with known parallaxes. These are the most distant spectroscopically confirmed T/Y dwarfs, with the farthest at an estimated distance of ~400 pc. We compare the number of cold dwarfs found in the WISP survey with simulations of the brown dwarf mass function. The number found is generally consistent with an initial stellar mass function dN/dM \propto M^{-α} with α= 0.0--0.5, although the identification of a Y dwarf is somewhat surprising and may be indicative of either a flatter absolute magnitude/spectral type relation than previously reported or an upturn in the number of very late type brown dwarfs in the observed volume.
description: Accepted for publication by ApJ Letters. 10 pages, 2 figures
When does Magnetization Depend on the Boundary?
Creators: name: Chen, Kuang-Ting
name: Lee, Patrick A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate in general how thermodynamic quantities such as the polarization, magnetization and the magneto-electric tensor are affected by the boundaries. We show that when the calculation with periodic boundary conditions does not involve a Berry's phase, the quantity in question is determined unambiguously by the bulk, even in the presence of gapless surface states. When the calculation involves a Berry's phase, the bulk can only determine the quantity up to some quantized value, given that (i) there are no gapless surface states, (ii) the surfaces do not break the symmetries preserved by the bulk, and (iii) the system is kept at charge neutrality. If any of the above conditions is violated, the quantity is then determined entirely by the details at the boundary. For components of response functions such as the magneto-electric tensor that are entirely determined by the bulk, the value of those components should connect smoothly to finite frequency and momentum.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Paying attention to public readers of Canadian literature : popular genre systems, publics, and canons
Creators: name: Grafton, Kathryn
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Paying Attention to Public Readers of Canadian Literature examines contemporary moments when Canadian literature has been canonized in the context of popular reading programs. I investigate the canonical agency of public readers who participate in these programs: readers acting in a non-professional capacity who speak and write publicly about their reading experiences. I argue that contemporary popular canons are discursive spaces whose constitution depends upon public readers. My work resists the common critique that these reading programs and their canons produce a mass of readers who read the same work at the same time in the same way. To demonstrate that public readers are canon-makers, I offer a genre approach to contemporary canons that draws upon literary and new rhetorical genre theory. I contend in Chapter One that canons are discursive spaces comprised of public literary texts and public texts about literature, including those produced by readers. I study the intertextual dynamics of canons through Michael Warner’s theory of publics and Anne Freadman’s concept of “uptake.” Canons arise from genre systems that are constituted to respond to exigencies readily recognized by many readers, motivating some to participate. I argue that public readers’ agency lies in the contingent ways they select and interpret a literary work while taking up and instantiating a canonizing genre. Subsequent chapters examine the genre systems of three reading programs: One Book, One Vancouver, a public book club; Canada Reads, a celebrity “book brawl”; and The Complete Booker, an online reading challenge. Chapter Two explores how a reading public and canon are called forth by organizers and participants of the One Book, One Vancouver genre system. Chapter Three analyzes public readers’ collective literary selection within the canonizing genre of the Canada Reads brawl. Chapter Four investigates how participants in The Complete Booker genre system instantiate the canon of the Man Booker Prize in ways that construct distinct subject positions of public readers who can evaluate the Canadian Booker winners in meaningful ways for their imagined public. My conclusion proposes that paying attention to public readers offers us new insights into reading as shared practice and Canadian literature.
Growth of graphene on 6H-SiC by molecular dynamics simulation
Creators: name: Jakse, N.
name: Arifin, R.
name: Lai, S. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Classical molecular-dynamics simulations were carried out to study epitaxial growth of graphene on 6H-SiC(0001) substrate. It was found that there exists a threshold annealing temperature above which we observe formation of graphitic structure on the substrate. To check the sensitivity of the simulation results, we tested two empirical potentials and evaluated their reliability by the calculated characteristics of graphene, its carbon-carbon bond-length, pair correlation function, and binding energy.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Schwarzschild black hole surrounded by a cloud of strings in the background of perfect fluid dark matter
Creators: name: Hamil, Bilel
name: Lütfüoğlu, Bekir Can
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This manuscript investigates a Schwarzschild black hole surrounded by perfect fluid dark matter embedded in a cloud of strings. The effects of its surroundings on thermodynamics, timelike and null geodesics, shadows, and quasinormal modes are analyzed. It is demonstrated that changes in spacetime, induced by the surrounding environment, significantly influence the stability, thermal phases, energy dynamics, particle trajectories, and observable features of the black hole's shadow, as well as the oscillation frequency and decay rate.
description: 26 pages, 12 Figures, 9 Tables
title: Основы агрономии
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: EDP Hub (Идипи Хаб), Профобразование
Year: 2024

description: В практикуме представлены практические занятия по темам: типы почв, определение механического состава почвы, изучение видов и характеристик сорной растительности, составление схем севооборотов и ротационных таблиц, системы обработки почвы под озимые, яровые и пропашные культуры. Рассмотрены расчет доз внесения удобрений, решение задач по расчету норм высева семян и определению биологической урожайности зерновых культур, календарь возделывания основных сельскохозяйственных культур. Практикум предназначен для проведения практических занятий по программе дисциплины «Основы агрономии» по специальностям «Механизация сельского хозяйства» и «Агрономия».
Adiabatic solar-like oscillations in red giant stars
Creators: name: Montalban, J.
name: Miglio, A.
name: Noels, A.
name: Scuflaire, R.
name: Ventura, P.
name: D'Antona, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the detection of non-radial solar-like oscillation modes in red giants with the CoRoT satellite, the interest in the asteroseismic properties of red giants and the link with their global properties and internal structure is substantially increasing. Moreover, more and more precise data are being collected with the space-based telescopes CoRoT and Kepler. In this paper we present a survey of the most relevant theoretical and observational results obtained up to now concerning the potential of solar-like oscillations in red giants.
description: Proc. of the workshop "Red Giants as Probes of the Structure and Evolution of the Milky Way" (Roma, 15-17 Nov 2010), Astrophysics and Space Science Proceedings, ISBN 978-3-642-18417-8 (eds. A. Miglio, J. Montalban, A. Noels). Part of RedGiantsMilkyWay/2011/ proceedings available at http://arxiv.org/html/1108.4406v1
The Relationship Between Technical Training and Developing Saftey Leadership Skills Among Onshore and Offshore Drilling Crews
Creators: name: Abulhassn, Aber Abdulsalam
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: IWCF Training
subject: Well Control Training
subject: Drilling operations
subject: Safety Leadership Skills
subject: Onshore & Offshore personnel
subject: Competence Level
subject: Leadership & Management

description: This research investigates the relationship between International Well Control Forum (IWCF) Rotary Drilling Well Control Training Program and developing safety leadership skills among onshore and offshore drilling crews. The research methodology is a qualitative case study. Following the University of Calgary Conjoint Faculties Research Ethics Board (CFREB) requirements, and with their approval, semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect the data. A total of 40 IWCF candidates were interviewed, with 10 from each of the following categories: surface driller, surface supervisor, subsea driller, and subsea supervisor. From the qualitative analyzed data eight themes emerged to explore whether there is a relationship between technical training such as IWCF training and developing safety leadership skills from the drilling personnel perspectives. The findings of this study indicate that IWCF Rotary Drilling Well Control as a technical training can definitely develop safety leadership skills in well control situations. Some believe this development could be transferred to other drilling and well operations whereas others believe it is strictly related to only well control operations. Nevertheless, this development cannot be generalized to other well control training programs. In terms of leadership style that must be used to develop safety skills, the findings of this research indicate that implementing a transactional or transformative leadership style is based on many factors including the individuals themselves, the company regulations, and the country legislation. Moreover, the findings present the main obstacles the respondents identified as preventing them from performing their job duties on the rig site and how the industry could avoid these obstacles to reduce deadly accidents. Additional research would be beneficial to examine whether IWCF training or other well control training could develop safety leadership skills among drilling crews by using a larger more ethnically diverse sample size.
Rethinking U.S. corporate governance reform in the wake of the global financial crisis
Creators: name: Liao, Carol
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Recent financial events indicate it may be time to pose a new challenge to the assumed efficiencies of the shareholder primacy (or market-centered) model of governance practiced in the United States. Reform efforts in the wake of the global financial crisis are currently underway. While the shareholder primacy model may be ideologically entrenched in American society, the severity of the crisis has created a window of opportunity to revisit alternative models of governance. This thesis first contends that if the causes of the global financial crisis are identified solely as failures of securities regulation, without addressing the legal and normative prescriptions found within existing governance structures, then proposed solutions will be impermanent. Reform efforts targeted at the financial market level are indeed necessary, but there is a disservice in classifying the crisis as a one-off event resulting from specific failures in financial regulation, since legislative changes become limited to addressing only those concerns. The ideological support of the existing governance model has laid the groundwork for corporate behaviour that heavily influences political and regulatory (in)action and creates opportunities for crises in the future. Next, building upon theoretical approaches in corporate legal scholarship, this thesis constructs a framework of four structure-altering recommendations to reform the existing model and promote a new type of corporate existence and behaviour. These recommendations are: (1) deeply entrench stakeholder interests; (2) increase board responsibility and control; (3) expand beyond traditional shareholder value; and (4) normatively embed social responsibility. Situating these recommendations in current corporate practice, grassroots initiatives in the U.S. are examined which have translated into state corporate laws creating new and innovative corporate structures. Finally, complex issues surrounding the governance of financial institutions are highlighted, providing ways in which structure-altering reform can reach fruition in the financial sector.
Supplementary document for Untrained deep learning-based differential phase-contrast microscopy - 6441072.pdf
Creators: name: Seong, Baekcheon
name: KIM, INGYOUNG
name: Moon, Taegyun
name: Malith, Ranathunga
name: Kim, Daesuk
name: Joo, Chulmin
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplement1 for supporting content.
Projection method for boost-invariant and cylindrically symmetric dissipative hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Florkowski, Wojciech
name: Ryblewski, Radoslaw
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tensors describing boost-invariant and cylindrically symmetric expansion of a relativistic dissipative fluid are decomposed in a suitable chosen basis of projection operators. This leads to a simple set of scalar equations which determine the fluid behavior. As special examples, we discuss the case of the Israel-Stewart theory and the model of highly-anisotropic and strongly-dissipative hydrodynamics ADHYDRO. We also introduce the matching conditions between the ADHYDRO description suitable for the very early stages of heavy-ion collisions and the Israel-Stewart theory applicable for later stages when the system is close to equilibrium.
Microwave photoresistance in a two-dimensional electron gas with separated Landau levels
Creators: name: Hatke, A. T.
name: Zudov, M. A.
name: Pfeiffer, L. N.
name: West, K. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theories of microwave-induced resistance oscillations in high-mobility two-dimensional electron gas predict that with decreasing oscillation order $n$ or with increasing frequency $ω$ the photoresistance maxima should appear closer to the cyclotron resonance harmonics due to increased Landau level separation. In this experimental study we demonstrate that while for a given $ω$ the peaks do move towards the harmonics with decreasing $n$, there is no corresponding movement with increasing $ω$ for a given $n$. These findings show that the positions of the photoresistance maxima cannot be directly linked to the Landau level separation challenging our current understanding of the phenomenon.
Geophysical Monitoring Of Salt Remediation
Creators: name: Head, Franklin
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Geophysics
subject: remediation
subject: Salinity
subject: Geophysics

description: A site near Devon, Alberta was used to monitor salt transport over time and test the effect of irrigation. Direct push EC (PTC) was regressed against coincident chloride concentration measurements from soil cores. The PTC EC data was then converted to chloride measurements. Using the EM-31 instrument, two site-wide surveys were taken in 2008 and 2010 and both were regressed against coincident PTC EC data converted to chloride. The EM-31 survey was converted to chloride using the regression relationship. Salt mass was determined by kriging with a locally varying mean (KLVM) and found an increase of 3 tonnes which is within our uncertainty. A 20 by 20 m test plot was surveyed using ERT in 2009 and 2010. ERT results were regressed against chloride samples. ERT was transformed by the regression relationship. KLVM was used with chloride samples and transformed ERT and found a decrease of 32% in chloride mass.
A machine learning approach to automate ductile damage parameter selection using finite element simulations
Creators: name: O'Connor, Alison
name: Mongan, Patrick
name: O'Dowd, Noel
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 40
subject: Engineering

description: Ductile damage models require constitutive model parameter values that are difficult to derive experimentally or analytically. The calibration procedure for ductile damage model parameters, typically performed manually, is labour-intensive. In this work we detail a fully autonomous framework that integrates Bayesian optimisation and finite element analysis to identify ductile damage model parameters. The framework detailed here selects ductile damage model parameters from inputs that can be derived from a simple tensile test. This framework has been successfully deployed to three datasets of P91 material tested at ambient (20 ◦C) and higher (500 ◦C) temperatures. The Bayesian optimisation derived material model parameters result in simulated output with less than 2% error compared to experimental data. This research demonstrates that algorithm hyperparameters can significantly affect the Bayesian optimised ductile damage parameter values resulting in non-unique ductile damage parameters. We show that the non-unique solutions can be further assessed using a second test geometry.
Efficient Video Indexing on the Web: A System that Leverages User Interactions with a Video Player
Creators: name: Leftheriotis, Ioannis
name: Gkonela, Chrysoula
name: Chorianopoulos, Konstantinos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we propose a user-based video indexing method, that automatically generates thumbnails of the most important scenes of an online video stream, by analyzing users' interactions with a web video player. As a test bench to verify our idea we have extended the YouTube video player into the VideoSkip system. In addition, VideoSkip uses a web-database (Google Application Engine) to keep a record of some important parameters, such as the timing of basic user actions (play, pause, skip). Moreover, we implemented an algorithm that selects representative thumbnails. Finally, we populated the system with data from an experiment with nine users. We found that the VideoSkip system indexes video content by leveraging implicit users interactions, such as pause and thirty seconds skip. Our early findings point toward improvements of the web video player and its thumbnail generation technique. The VideSkip system could compliment content-based algorithms, in order to achieve efficient video-indexing in difficult videos, such as lectures or sports.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, UCMedia 2010: 2nd International ICST Conference on User Centric Media
COMPARTE LO AUTENTICO. Estrategia de comunicación online para la agencia de viajes Cubatur S.A. (10.6084/m9.figshare.24659418)
Creators: name: Lamothe-Lafargue, Lusmila
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 470102
subject: Communication technology and digital media studies
classificationCode: 470107
subject: Media studies

description: In the last twenty years tourism in Cuba has experimented a sustained growing and a bigger specialization and diversification, in order to become one of its most important economic sectors. Tourism institutions in Cuba have one of the best practices of online communication. The presence of Cuban tourism agencies is relatively new and there ́s plenty of inexperience in the way of managing strategically the content and communication. The travel agency Cubatur S.A. has a little over five years working on the web, it shows practices (or doesn’t show them at all) that shows an absence of a more specialized knowledge the internal functioning of Internet, as well as the online communication management. That ́s why the general objective of this investigation is: “to design an online communication strategy for the Travel Agency Cubatur S.A. for two years”, to gain in the integration of its online communication management.
Interference and Throughput in Aloha-based Ad Hoc Networks with Isotropic Node Distribution
Creators: name: Tanbourgi, Ralph
name: Jäkel, Holger
name: Chaichenets, Leonid
name: Jondral, Friedrich K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the interference and outage statistics in a slotted Aloha ad hoc network, where the spatial distribution of nodes is non-stationary and isotropic. In such a network, outage probability and local throughput depend on both the particular location in the network and the shape of the spatial distribution. We derive in closed-form certain distributional properties of the interference that are important for analyzing wireless networks as a function of the location and the spatial shape. Our results focus on path loss exponents 2 and 4, the former case not being analyzable before due to the stationarity assumption of the spatial node distribution. We propose two metrics for measuring local throughput in non-stationary networks and discuss how our findings can be applied to both analysis and optimization.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. To appear in International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT) 2012
Non-invasive Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease
Creators: name: Luu, Judy Mai
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Health Sciences
subject: Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging
subject: Ischemic heart disease
subject: Oxygenation-sensitive imaging

description: Cardiovascular disease remains a significant cause of premature death and disability in developing nations, with an increasing need for early and accurate diagnosis to limit downstream adverse events. By exploiting intracapillary deoxygenated haemoglobin to generate its signal, oxygenation-sensitive cardiovascular magnetic resonance (OS-CMR) or commonly referred to as Blood-Oxygen Level Dependent CMR (BOLD-CMR), is a non-invasive imaging technique that does not require contrast agents or radiation. Therefore, the purpose of this thesis was to build upon the understanding of myocardial oxygenation using CMR in the assessment of ischemic heart disease. By studying a population that included 34 patients with coronary artery, 32 participants with only coronary risk factors but no established clinical disease, and 11 young, healthy volunteers, we demonstrated that the OS-CMR signal intensity percent changes (∆SI%) in response to adenosine-induced vasodilation may be a function of both advancing age and decreasing diastolic blood pressure. Furthermore, for the first time, we showed differential features of ∆SI% in the distinctive layers of myocardium using OS-CMR, whereby ∆SI% was much less in the subendocardium compared to the subepicardium in both patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and in individuals with only risk factors for cardiovascular disease. From there, we compared this imaging approach to the reference standard of fractional flow reserve (FFR) in 37 patients with suspected or known CAD. OS-CMR did identify abnormal myocardium supplied by coronary arteries with hemodynamically limiting stenoses, confirming a role for OS-CMR in the evaluation of myocardial ischemia. Complementary comparisons of OS-CMR to the measures of stenosis diameter by QCA and myocardial perfusion by CMR showed weaker correlations. Finally, in 34 patients with stable CAD, we sought to determine the impact of revascularization plus medical therapy (n=10 patients) versus medical therapy alone (n= 24 patients) on myocardial oxygenation at one-month follow-up. We demonstrated evidence to suggest that percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) plus medical therapy may increase myocardial oxygenation as measured by OS-CMR. Conversely, patients treated with medical therapy exhibited reduced ∆SI% at the repeat scan, which was most profound in the subendocardium. Overall, our results suggest that OS-CMR measures of myocardial oxygenation may reflect alterations or dysfunction of the microcirculation and its vasodilatory capacity to compensate in the face of increasing oxygen demands, which may potentially be used as a marker for myocardial ischemia. Further research is needed to demonstrate the prognostic role of OS-CMR in the long-term.
title: Chancen für junge Menschen: Kulturelle Bildung zwischen Schule und Verein, Daheim und Welt
Creators: name: Schorn, Brigitte
name: Wolf, Birgit
Publisher: name: Bundesakademie für Kulturelle Bildung
Year: 2018

description: Chancen für junge Menschen: Kulturelle Bildung zwischen Schule und Verein, Daheim und Welt
Impacts of Continued Legal Pre-Training and IFT on LLMs' Latent Representations of Human-Defined Legal Concepts
Creators: name: Ho, Shaun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper aims to offer AI & Law researchers and practitioners a more detailed understanding of whether and how continued pre-training and instruction fine-tuning (IFT) of large language models (LLMs) on legal corpora increases their utilization of human-defined legal concepts when developing global contextual representations of input sequences. We compared three models: Mistral 7B, SaulLM-7B-Base (Mistral 7B with continued pre-training on legal corpora), and SaulLM-7B-Instruct (with further IFT). This preliminary assessment examined 7 distinct text sequences from recent AI & Law literature, each containing a human-defined legal concept. We first compared the proportions of total attention the models allocated to subsets of tokens representing the legal concepts. We then visualized patterns of raw attention score alterations, evaluating whether legal training introduced novel attention patterns corresponding to structures of human legal knowledge. This inquiry revealed that (1) the impact of legal training was unevenly distributed across the various human-defined legal concepts, and (2) the contextual representations of legal knowledge learned during legal training did not coincide with structures of human-defined legal concepts. We conclude with suggestions for further investigation into the dynamics of legal LLM training.
Observational consequences of the Standard Model Higgs inflation variants
Creators: name: Popa, L. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the possibility to observationally differentiate the Standard Model (SM) Higgs driven inflation with non-minimal couplingto gravity from other variants of SM Higgs inflation based on the scalar field theories with non-canonical kinetic term such as Galileon-like kinetic term and kinetic term with non-minimal derivative coupling to the Einstein tensor. In order to ensure consistent results, we study the SM Higgs inflation variants by using the same method, computing the full dynamics of the background and perturbations of the Higgs field during inflation at quantum level. Assuming that all the SM Higgs inflation variants are consistent theories, we use the MCMC technique to derive constraints on the inflationnoary parameters and the Higgs boson mass from their fit to WMAP7+SN+BAO data set. We conclude that a combination of a Higgs mass measurement by the LHC and accurate determination by the PLANCK satellite of the spectral index of curvature perturbations and tensor-to-scalar ratio will enable to distinguish among these models. We also show that the consistency relations of the SM Higgs inflation variants are distinct enough to differentiate the models.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures
Understanding the Mechanism of Action of Tryptophan- and Arginine-rich Host-Defence Peptides
Creators: name: Arias, Mauricio
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Antimicrobial peptides
subject: Tritrpticin
subject: Lactoferrin
subject: Lactoferricin
subject: Host-defence peptides

description: In multicellular organisms antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a key component of the host innate immune system, hence they are also known as host defence peptides. AMPs demonstrate a direct antimicrobial activity against a broad range of pathogens and in some cases they can modulate the host immune system. Among the large number of distinct AMPs, the work described in this thesis is focused on a subfamily of peptides characterized by a high content of tryptophan and arginine residues. The tritrpticin and lactoferricin peptides are two important examples of this subfamily. For tritrpticin our work has focused on three consecutive tryptophan residues presented at the center of this peptide. An extensive and systematic substitution approach established that not all Trp residues were crucial for the antimicrobial activity of tritrpticin. However, subtle modifications of the sidechains of all three Trp residues could lead to changes in the mechanism of action of the peptide from a strong membrano-lytic to an intracellular perturbation mechanism. These results established the importance of the Trp residues in modulating tritrpticin’s bactericidal activity and its mode of action. Additionally, a new and cost-effective methodology for the incorporation of fluorinated Trp residues and fluorine-NMR analysis has opened the door for future studies of individual Trp residues in other Trp-rich AMPs. With regards to AMPs derived from the N-terminal region of the antimicrobial protein lactoferrin several contributions emerged from this thesis. First, the combination of the N-terminal region of the bovine lactoferricin peptide (LFcin) with the C-terminal region of the human LFcin resulted in a chimera peptide that showed the same activity as the original bovine LFcin. Secondly, the use of different methods of peptide cyclization proved to be useful in designing peptide analogs, which exhibited similar antimicrobial activity as bovine LFcin. Finally, the study of peptides derived from the first 11 residues of bovine and human LF (hLF11 and bLF10) established that hLF11 was not directly inhibiting the immune-related enzyme myeloperoxidase, as had been reported. Instead the Cys residue in the peptide was directly reacting with the enzyme reaction product.
Visibility of sculpted matter and form : Michelangelo’s Rondanini Pietà and the ontological nature of sculpture
Creators: name: Vranic, Ivana
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The Rondanini Pietà (1552-1564) engages the viewer in an embodied and temporal process of perceiving the becomings of sculpted form—rough and smooth surfaces, indentations, fissures and contours—enfolded in the material and physical qualities of the marble block and its flesh-like surface. Emphasizing the process of creating the work, a multitude of chisel marks animate sculpted matter and prolong the eventual pausing of the viewer’s eyes. The materiality of the stone urges the viewer to move around to perceive the sculpture as it becomes transfigured anew through the continuous morphing of the facial and bodily features of its two figures: Christ and the Virgin. Deterring the comprehensibility of the subject matter, the enfolding of matter and form, conceptualized as the infinito, calls attention to the very rhetorical and ontological nature of the work as sculpture. Kept in private collections for several centuries, the Rondanini Pietà is an uncommissioned sculpture considered to be the last work by Michelangelo Bounarroti. To interpret this Pietà, scholars have utilized established biographical, iconographic, and chronological approaches to the artist’s oeuvre. In 1934, Charles de Tolnay published the first modern study of the work, interpreting it as a testament of the artist’s religiosity—an interpretation that dominates the scholarship. Focusing primarily on a discussion of the Rondanini Pietà, this thesis introduces a concept of the infinito and with it a theoretical framework to expose the overdetermined nature of this scholarship. Judging the work to be either finished or unfinished (finito or non-finito) scholars rehearse the Cartesian dichotomy of res extensa and res cogitans, segregating matter from form and denying sculpture its ontological quality. In order to understand what comes prior to the processes of description, interpretation and contextualization, what is at stake is to rethink how we approach sculpture as a medium that has specific physical and material characteristics that determine its rhetorical potential. Making the viewer part of how sculpture works to make temporally visible the becomings of form, the concept of the infinito challenges us to reflect upon the methodologies used in the study of sculpture produced in the period.
Non-linear spin Seebeck effect due to spin-charge interaction in graphene
Creators: name: Vera-Marun, I. J.
name: Ranjan, V.
name: van Wees, B. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The abilities to inject and detect spin carriers are fundamental for research on transport and manipulation of spin information. Pure electronic spin currents have been recently studied in nanoscale electronic devices using a non-local lateral geometry, both in metallic systems and in semiconductors. To unlock the full potential of spintronics we must understand the interactions of spin with other degrees of freedom, going beyond the prototypical electrical spin injection and detection using magnetic contacts. Such interactions have been explored recently, for example, by using spin Hall or spin thermoelectric effects. Here we present the detection of non-local spin signals using non-magnetic detectors, via an as yet unexplored non-linear interaction between spin and charge. In analogy to the Seebeck effect, where a heat current generates a charge potential, we demonstrate that a spin current in a paramagnet leads to a charge potential, if the conductivity is energy dependent. We use graphene as a model system to study this effect, as recently proposed. The physical concept demonstrated here is generally valid, opening new possibilities for spintronics.
Aging studies of Micromegas prototypes for the HL-LHC
Creators: name: Galan, J.
name: Attie, D.
name: Derre, J.
name: Ribas, E. Ferrer
name: Giganon, A.
name: Giomataris, I.
name: Jeanneau, F.
name: Manjarres, J.
name: de Oliveira, R.
name: Schune, P.
name: Titov, M.
name: Wotschack, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The micromegas technology is a promising candidate to replace the forward muon chambers for the luminosity upgrade of ATLAS. The LHC accelerator luminosity will be five times the nominal one, increasing background and pile-up event probability. This requires detector performances which are currently under study in intensive R&D activities. Aging is one of the key issues for a high-luminosity LHC application. For this reason, we study the properties of resistive micromegas detectors under intense X-ray radiation and under thermal neutrons in different CEA-Saclay facilities. This study is complementary to those already performed using fast neutrons.
description: Proceedings of the MPGD2011 Conference
On the Solutions of Generalized Bogomolny Equations
Creators: name: Mikhaylov, Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Generalized Bogomolny equations are encountered in the localization of the topological N=4 SYM theory. The boundary conditions for 't Hooft and surface operators are formulated by giving a model solution with some special singularity. In this note we consider the generalized Bogomolny equations on a half space and construct model solutions for the boundary 't Hooft and surface operators. It is shown that for the 't Hooft operator the equations reduce to the open Toda chain for arbitrary simple gauge group. For the surface operators the solutions of interest are rational solutions of a periodic non-abelian Toda system.
description: 16 pages, no figures
Speaker Information as a Cue to Irony Perception in Middle Childhood
Creators: name: Whalen, Juanita Marie
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Psychology--Cognitive
subject: Psychology--Developmental
subject: Psychology--Experimental
subject: Verbal Irony
subject: Language Processing

description: In this thesis I examined the process of irony appreciation across middle childhood with three goals: 1) to identify potential speaker cues that are useful for irony interpretation, 2) to ascertain developmental trends in processing that relate to the integration of these speaker cues, and 3) to determine whether children exhibited evidence of interactive processing. Two experiments were conducted in which 5- to- 6-year-old children, 7- to- 8-year-old children, and adults viewed puppet shows in which a speaker cue was manipulated. The puppet shows ended in a literal or ironic statement and measurements of participants’ behavioral and processing responses were recorded. In Experiment 1 the speaker cue manipulated was sibling relationship status; the speaker and target in the story were either siblings or had just met. Adults and children both showed a trend in their response latencies to respond more quickly when a sibling made an ironic criticism than when a stranger did. However, this finding was not robust. In Experiment 2 the speaker cue manipulated was the speaker’s perceived similarity to the participant. The participant identified a speaker that was similar to them, and one who was dissimilar to them; each of these two speakers were used in half of the stories the participants heard. The results of this experiment showed that adults benefited from the presence of a similar speaker in some aspects of irony interpretation, but children did not. Across both experiments, evidence from eye gaze patterns supported interpretations that are consistent with interactive processing accounts of irony. Implications for the use of speaker cues in irony understanding and the interpretation of results within modular versus interactive processing accounts are discussed.