cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Microtus (Terricola) thomasi Barrett-Hamilton 1903
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Reeder, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Cricetidae
Microtus
Microtus thomasi

description: Microtus (Terricola) thomasi Barrett-Hamilton 1903
Microtus (Terricola) thomasi Barrett-Hamilton 1903, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 7, 11: 306.
Type Locality: Montenegro, Vranici.
Vernacular Names: Thomas's Pine Vole.
Synonyms: Microtus (Terricola) atticus (Miller 1910); Microtus (Terricola) byroni (Bolkay 1926).
Distribution: Endemic to SW Balkans, from the Neretva River in Herzegovina through Montenegro, Albania and mainland Greece to the Peloponessos (including Euboea Isl).
Conservation: IUCN – Lower Risk (nt).
Discussion: Subgenus Terricola, duodecimcostatus species group (Chaline et al., 1988; Pavlinov et al., 1995 a) or sole member of thomasi species group (Zagorodnyuk, 1990). Generally reviewed by Niethammer (1982 k) and Petrov (1992); taxonomic history reviewed by Brunet-Lecomte and Nadachowski (1994). Karyotype is polymorphic, 2n = 40 to 44 and FN = 42 to 46 (Giagia-Athanasopoulou et al., 1995; Mitchell-Jones et al., 1999; Zima and Kral, 1984 a). Based on morphometric analysis of m1s, M. thomasi is strongly divergent from six other species examined in subgenus Terricola (Brunet-Lecomte and Nadachowski, 1994), a finding that supports species-group isolation (Zagorodnyuk, 1990). Synonymy of atticus confirmed by microcomplement fixation comparisons of albumin (Nikoletopoulos et al., 1992), m1 morphometry (Brunet-Lecomte and Nadachowski, 1994), and morphometric and allozymic variation (Tsekoura et al., 2002).
description: Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Rodentia - Family Cricetidae, pp. 955-1189 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 1018, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316535
Staying Connected: Reaching Out to Psychiatric Patients During the Covid-19 Lockdown Using an Online Blog
Creators: name: Lehner, Astrid
name: Nuißl, Klaus
name: Schlee, Winfried
name: Langguth, Berthold
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: PEER SUPPORT; TELEPSYCHIATRY; DEPRESSION; CARE; SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; corona virus; clinical psychiatry; pandemic; e-health; citizen involvement; experienced involvement
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Health systems worldwide are challenged by the coronavirus pandemic and all medical specialties have struggle to meet the conflicting requirements for virus containment on the one hand and treatment of other medical conditions on the other. This holds true also for psychiatry. Per se, psychiatric patients are highly vulnerable to suffer from social isolation and loneliness. As a result of the Covid-19 pandemic and lockdown measures, unfortunately, this vulnerability is even further increased. As a part of its pandemic risk management, the outpatient clinic of the Psychiatric District Hospital Regensburg launched an online blog as a means of assisting patients who were required to stay home. Aim of the blog was to stay by patients' side in those uncertain times by offering an online connection to their therapists, by providing important information about the pandemic situation, by offering some ideas on how to build a daily routine and how to meaningfully spend their time at home during the lockdown. We also aimed at involving patients as experts in their own affairs by inviting them to contribute to the blog's shape and content. As a result of coordinated team effort, it was possible to launch a blog within few days, and this was perceived helpful by many patients. Overall, however, patient involvement turned out to be a challenge requiring more attention in future work.
Injury profile and sex-specific differences in bubble-soccer – A first scientific survey of a dangerous new sports trend
Creators: name: Krutsch, Werner
name: Clement, Annabelle
name: Heising, Tobias
name: Achenbach, Leonard
name: Pfeifer, Christian G.
name: Weber, Johannes
name: Alt, Volker
name: Krutsch, Volker
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: bubble soccer, injury, soccer, risk factor, prevention
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Purpose: 
Small-field soccer is a popular type of amateur sports worldwide. One type of small-field soccer growing in popularity is bubble-soccer, but injury risks and injury patterns are still unclear. This study investigates the factors influencing injuries in bubble-soccer for the first time.

Materials and Methods: 
This prospective cohort study of an outdoor tournament investigated the injury incidence and injury patterns as well as the factors influencing injuries in bubble-soccer matches. Data were collected according to the statement on data collection and injury definition. Preparation and physical outcome were assessed for both sexes.

Results: 
Of 145 players (104 men, 41 women), 58 players sustained 94 injuries during the tournament and 64% of injuries affected the lower extremities. The most common traumatic injuries were skin lesions (37.5%), acute pain (15.6%) and contusion (7.8%). More female players (3818.2/1000 h bubble-soccer) than male players (1474.4) were affected by injury, mostly to the knees or the head. Also, women significantly more often reported neck pain than men (p< 0.042); 29.0% of players felt uncomfortable wearing the bubble, and 21.4% reported neurological symptoms such as headache or dizziness after the match.

Conclusion: 
Bubble-soccer shows a relatively high injury incidence. Women had a higher injury incidence and were more often affected by traumatic injuries to the head and neck including feeling of discomfort and headache or neck pain after the match. Adequate preparation seems to be essential for injury prevention, and players should recognise the high injury risk of bubble-soccer.
Lavia frons subsp. frons E. Geoffroy 1810
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Reeder, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Megadermatidae
Lavia
Lavia frons
Lavia frons subsp. frons e. geoffroy 1810

description: Lavia frons subsp. frons E. Geoffroy 1810
Lavia frons subsp. frons E. Geoffroy 1810, Ann. Mus. Natn. Hist. Nat. Paris, 15: 192.
Type Locality: Senegal.
description: Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Chiroptera - Family Megadermatidae, pp. 379-380 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 379, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
Macroderma Miller 1906
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Reeder, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Megadermatidae
Macroderma

description: Macroderma Miller 1906
Macroderma Miller 1906, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 19: 84.
Type Species: Megaderma gigas Dobson 1880
Species and subspecies: 1 species:
Species Macroderma gigas (Dobson 1880)
description: Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Chiroptera - Family Megadermatidae, pp. 379-380 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 379, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
Genetik und Moral Beiträge zu einer Ethik des Ungeborenen
Creators: name: Müller, H.J.
Publisher: name: Ordenskorrespondenz
Year: 1970

description: Ordenskorrespondenz, Bd. 27 (1986): Ordenskorrespondenz: Zeitschrift für Fragen des Ordenslebens, Band 27
Microtus (Mynomes) townsendii Bachman 1839
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Reeder, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Cricetidae
Microtus
Microtus townsendii

description: Microtus (Mynomes) townsendii Bachman 1839
Microtus (Mynomes) townsendii Bachman 1839, J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 8: 60.
Type Locality: USA, Oregon, Multnomah Co., Wappatoo (Sauvie) Isl, lower Columbia River near mouth of Willamette River (as located by Bailey, 1900:46).
Vernacular Names: Townsend's Vole.
Synonyms: Microtus (Mynomes) cowani Guiguet 1955; Microtus (Mynomes) cummingi Hall 1936; Microtus (Mynomes) laingi Anderson and Rand 1943; Microtus (Mynomes) occidentalis (Peale 1848); Microtus (Mynomes) pugeti Dalquest 1940; Microtus (Mynomes) tetramerus (Rhoads 1894).
Distribution: Wet meadows and marshes of Pacific Northwest, from extreme SW British Columbia, Canada, to NW California, USA, including Vancouver and neighboring islands.
Conservation: IUCN – Lower Risk (cd) as M. t. cowani, otherwise Lower Risk (nt).
Discussion: Subgenus Mynomes, pennsylvanicus species group (Zagorodnyuk, 1990). Broadly allied with M. pennsylvanicus and M. montanus (Anderson, 1959; Hooper and Hart, 1962; Modi, 1987); sister species to M. canicaudus according to phyletic reconstructions of cytochrome b sequences (Conroy and Cook, 2000 a). See Cornely and Verts (1988, Mammalian Species, 325).
description: Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Rodentia - Family Cricetidae, pp. 955-1189 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 1018, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316535
title: Activité du port de Saint-Malo – 1711 – Nantes
Creators: name: :Unkn
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: produits agroalimentaires
subject: alcool
subject: épices et condiments
subject: produits de la mer

description: Cette fiche est issue de l’enquête menée par Jean Delumeau sur l’activité du port de Saint-Malo au 17e et 18e siècle. Cette fiche correspond à l’activité de l’année 1711 avec le port "Nantes"
description: Marchandises arrivées à Saint-Malo : eau de vie ; vinaigre ; vin ; sel
description: Catégories de marchandises arrivées à Saint-Malo : produits agroalimentaires ; alcool ; épices et condiments ; produits de la mer
description: Coverage: Grand cabotage
description: Bibliographic citation: DELACROIX, Jean. L'Activité du port de Saint-Malo en 1710-1711. DES : Histoire : Rennes, 1962 (Bibliothèque François-Lebrun, MH 1017)
description: date: Date de numérisation : 2021 à 2023
description: created: Années 1950-1960
A novel mouse model of obstructive sleep apnea by bulking agent-induced tongue enlargement results in left ventricular contractile dysfunction
Creators: name: Lebek, Simon
name: Hegner, Philipp
name: Schach, Christian
name: Reuthner, Katrin
name: Tafelmeier, Maria
name: Maier, Lars S.
name: Arzt, Michael
name: Wagner, Stefan
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin

description: Aims
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a widespread disease with high global socio-economic impact. However, detailed pathomechanisms are still unclear, partly because current animal models of OSA do not simulate spontaneous airway obstruction. We tested whether polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) injection into the tongue induces spontaneous obstructive apneas.

Methods and results
PTFE (100 μl) was injected into the tongue of 31 male C57BL/6 mice and 28 mice were used as control. Spontaneous apneas and inspiratory flow limitations were recorded by whole-body plethysmography and mRNA expression of the hypoxia marker KDM6A was quantified by qPCR. Left ventricular function was assessed by echocardiography and ventricular CaMKII expression was measured by Western blotting. After PTFE injection, mice showed features of OSA such as significantly increased tongue diameters that were associated with significantly and sustained increased frequencies of inspiratory flow limitations and apneas. Decreased KDM6A mRNA levels indicated chronic hypoxemia. 8 weeks after surgery, PTFE-treated mice showed a significantly reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. Moreover, the severity of diastolic dysfunction (measured as E/e’) correlated significantly with the frequency of apneas. Accordingly, CaMKII expression was significantly increased in PTFE mice and correlated significantly with the frequency of apneas.

Conclusions
We describe here the first mouse model of spontaneous inspiratory flow limitations, obstructive apneas, and hypoxia by tongue enlargement due to PTFE injection. These mice develop systolic and diastolic dysfunction and increased CaMKII expression. This mouse model offers great opportunities to investigate the effects of obstructive apneas.
Influence of Extracellular Vesicles Isolated From Osteoblasts of Patients With Cox-Arthrosis and/or Osteoporosis on Metabolism and Osteogenic Differentiation of BMSCs
Creators: name: Niedermair, Tanja
name: Lukas, Christoph
name: Li, Shushan
name: Stöckl, Sabine
name: Craiovan, Benjamin
name: Brochhausen, Christoph
name: Federlin, Marianne
name: Herrmann, Marietta
name: Grässel, Susanne
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: MESENCHYMAL STEM-CELLS; ESTROGEN DEFICIENCY; EXOSOMES; OSTEOARTHRITIS; PROLIFERATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; APOPTOSIS; CULTURE; REPAIR; RNA; extracellular vesicles; mesenchymal stem cells; osteoblasts; osteoarthritis; osteoporosis; EVs; osteogenic differentiation
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Background: Studies with extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, isolated from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) indicate benefits for the treatment of musculoskeletal pathologies as osteoarthritis (OA) and osteoporosis (OP). However, little is known about intercellular effects of EVs derived from pathologically altered cells that might influence the outcome by counteracting effects from "healthy" MSC derived EVs. We hypothesize, that EVs isolated from osteoblasts of patients with hip OA (coxarthrosis/CA), osteoporosis (OP), or a combination of both (CA/OP) might negatively affect metabolism and osteogenic differentiation of bone-marrow derived (B)MSCs. Methods: Osteoblasts, isolated from bone explants of CA, OP, and CA/OP patients, were compared regarding growth, viability, and osteogenic differentiation capacity. Structural features of bone explants were analyzed via mu CT. EVs were isolated from supernatant of naive BMSCs and CA, OP, and CA/OP osteoblasts (osteogenic culture for 35 days). BMSC cultures were stimulated with EVs and subsequently, cell metabolism, osteogenic marker gene expression, and osteogenic differentiation were analyzed. Results: Trabecular bone structure was different between the three groups with lowest number and highest separation in the CA/OP group. Viability and Alizarin red staining increased over culture time in CA/OP osteoblasts whereas growth of osteoblasts was comparable. Alizarin red staining was by trend higher in CA compared to OP osteoblasts after 35 days and ALP activity was higher after 28 and 35 days. Stimulation of BMSC cultures with CA, OP, and CA/OP EVs did not affect proliferation but increased caspase 3/7-activity compared to unstimulated BMSCs. BMSC viability was reduced after stimulation with CA and CA/OP EVs compared to unstimulated BMSCs or stimulation with OP EVs. ALP gene expression and activity were reduced in BMSCs after stimulation with CA, OP, and CA/OP EVs. Stimulation of BMSCs with CA EVs reduced Alizarin Red staining by trend. Conclusion: Stimulation of BMSCs with EVs isolated from CA, OP, and CA/OP osteoblasts had mostly catabolic effects on cell metabolism and osteogenic differentiation irrespective of donor pathology and reflect the impact of tissue microenvironment on cell metabolism. These catabolic effects are important for understanding differences in effects of EVs on target tissues/cells when harnessing them as therapeutic drugs.
Leptotyphlops keniensis Published 2007, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Published, First
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Leptotyphlopidae
Leptotyphlops
Leptotyphlops keniensis

description: Leptotyphlops keniensis sp. nov. (Plate 10, Fig. 3)
Mount Kenya worm snake
Glauconia nigricans — Angel, 1925: 31 (Naro Moru).
Leptotyphlops emini emini — Loveridge, 1957: 247 (part).
Leptotyphlops nigricans nigricans — Broadley & Howell, 1991: 22 (part).
Holotype. NMK /O. 2903, an adult female from Nyeri, Central Province, Kenya (00°25' S, 36°56' E, just below 2000 m), collected by F.J. McCartney, 24 February 1983.
Paratypes. MNHN 1923.120 near Naro Moru, Central Province, Kenya (00°10' S, 37°01' E, elevation 2000 m), collected by C. Alluaud & R. Jeannal, 12 February 1912; ZMUC / R. 531, Isiolo, Northern Province, Kenya (00°20' N, 37°36' E, elevation ca. 1250 m), collected by B. Benzon, 21 February 1935.
Diagnosis. A member of the Leptotyphlops nigricans species group, distinguished from all other northern taxa except L. aethiopicus by its high middorsal counts (239–265), differing from the latter species in lacking a white patch below the tail tip.
Description. Body cylindrical, with head and neck broadened and flattened, the short tail tapers slightly before a blunt tail cone.
Snout rounded, rostral moderate (0.36 head width) and truncated, much wider than supranasals and extending to a line connecting centre of eyes, a preoral groove present ventrally. Behind rostral, upper lip bordered by infranasal (nostril midway between rostral and supralabial along nasal suture), small anterior supralabial that reaches level of nostril with width along lip equal to that of infranasal, large ocular with eye central in upper half, and tall posterior supralabial. Supraoculars pentagonal, slightly larger than the hexagonal frontal and postfrontal, which are slightly smaller than the interparietal and interoccipital. Parietals transverse, subequal to the fused occipitals with scalloped posterior border, in contact with the posterior supralabials. Temporal single. No mental.
Body covered with 14 rows of smooth, subimbricate, subequal scales. Reduction to 10 rows on the tail takes place lateral to the subtriangular cloacal shield. Total middorsals 239–265; subcaudals 20–26.
Total length/diameter ratio 47–70; total length/tail ratio 11–13.5.
Dorsum brown and venter light brown, all scales outlined in white, upper lip, anterior tip of chin, and cloacal shield white.
Size. Largest specimen (female holotype) 175 + 14 = 189 mm.
Habitat. Mosaic of East African evergreen bushland and secondary Acacia wooded grassland.
Distribution. Lower slopes of Mount Kenya and environs, Mount Kilimanjaro, 1250–2000 m (Plate 5).
Other material. ZMB 22714 Kilimanjaro, Tanzania (Forster).
description: Published as part of Published, First, 2007, A revision of the genus Leptotyphlops in northeastern Africa and southwestern Arabia (Serpentes: Leptotyphlopidae), pp. 1-78 in Zootaxa 1408 on page 38, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6789060
Microtus (Microtus) transcaspicus Satunin 1905
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Reeder, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Cricetidae
Microtus
Microtus transcaspicus

description: Microtus (Microtus) transcaspicus Satunin 1905
Microtus (Microtus) transcaspicus Satunin 1905, Izv. Kavkas. Mus., 2: 57.
Type Locality: Turkmenistan, Kopet Dag Mtns, Chuli Valley, near Ashkhabad.
Vernacular Names: Middle East Vole.
Synonyms: Microtus (Microtus) kermanensis Roguin 1988.
Distribution: Dry montane steppe habitats on isolated mountains from N slopes of Kopet-Dag Mtns in S Turkmenistan (Meyer et al., 1996), mountains in E Iran in the NE (Khorassan Prov, 5 km N Kashmar, USNM) and S (Kuh-e Laleh-Zar and Kuh-e Hazar Mtns south of Kerman; Roguin, 1988), and the Hindu Kush of N Afghanistan (Ellerman, 1948; Parvan Prov, Shibar Pass, FMNH).
Conservation: IUCN – Endangered as M. kermanensis, Lower Risk (lc) as M. transcaspicus.
Discussion: Subgenus Microtus, arvalis species group (Pavlinov and Rossolimo, 1987, 1998; Pavlinov et al., 1995 a; Zagorodnyuk, 1990). Based on banding chromosomal data, Mazurok et al. (1996 b) closely allied M. transcaspicus with M. levis among species in the M. arvalis group, an association also supported by allozymic data (Mezhzherin et al., 1993) and syntheses of karyology, morphology, and hybridization (Meyer et al., 1996). Taxonomy reviewed by Malygin (1978), Meyer et al. (1981, 1996), and Meyer (1983).
Roguin (1988) described kermanensis as a species, recognized as part of the M. arvalis group (Musser and Carleton, 1993; Pavlinov et al., 1995 a; Zagorodnyuk, 1990). His description and specimen measurements fall within the range of variation typical of M. transcaspicus (see review of M. transcaspicus in Turkmenistan by Meyer et al., 1996), as do those large-bodied specimens of " M. arvalis " from N Afghanistan reported by Niethammer (1970) and Hassinger (1973). Microtus transcaspicus is a valid species diagnosed in part by its very large size and diploid number (adult occipitonasal length = 28-32 mm, 2n = 52) compared with the smaller-bodied M. arvalis (occipitonasal length = 22-28 mm, 2n = 46). Microtus arvalis does occur in the mountains of N Iran but has not been recorded so far east at those latitudes.
description: Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Rodentia - Family Cricetidae, pp. 955-1189 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 1019, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316535
Tissue Viability of Free Flaps after Extracorporeal Perfusion Using a Modified Hydroxyethyl Starch Solution
Creators: name: Taeger, Christian D.
name: Friedrich, Oliver
name: Horch, Raymund E.
name: Distler, Caroline
name: Kengelbach-Weigand, Annika
name: Wenzel, Carina
name: Prantl, Lukas
name: Präbst, Konstantin
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: COMBINED VASCULAR RECONSTRUCTION; EX-VIVO PERFUSION; PORCINE MODEL; ISCHEMIA; REPLANTATION; SALVAGE; INJURY; hydroxyethyl starch solution; perfusion solution; extracorporeal perfusion; ischemia; free flap transfer
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Background: In free flap surgery, tissue is stored under hypothermic ischemia. Extracorporeal perfusion (EP) has the potential to extend storage time and the tissue's perspective of survival. In the present study, the aim is to improve a recently established, simplified extracorporeal perfusion system. Methods: Porcine musculus rectus abdominis were stored under different conditions. One group was perfused continuously with a simplified one-way perfusion system for six hours, while the other received only a single flush but no further treatment. A modified hydroxyethyl starch solution was used as a perfusion and flushing solution. Vitality, functionality, and metabolic activity of both groups were analyzed. Results: Perfused muscles, in contrast to the ischemically stored ones, showed no loss of vitality and significantly less functionality loss, confirming the superiority of storage under continuous perfusion over ischemic storage. Furthermore, in comparison to a previous study, the results were improved even further by using a modified hydroxyethyl starch solution. Conclusion: The use of EP has major benefits compared to the clinical standard static storage at room temperature. Continuous perfusion not only maintains the oxygen and nutrient supply but also removes toxic metabolites formed due to inadequate storage conditions.
Microtus umbrosus Merriam 1898
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Reeder, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Cricetidae
Microtus
Microtus umbrosus

description: Microtus umbrosus Merriam 1898
Microtus umbrosus Merriam 1898, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 12: 107.
Type Locality: México, Oaxaca, Mt Zempoaltépec, 8200 ft (2500 m).
Vernacular Names: Zempoaltepec Vole.
Distribution: Cerro Zempoaltépec, 1800-3000 m, NC Oaxaca, México.
Conservation: IUCN – Lower Risk (lc).
Discussion: Type species and sole member of Orthriomys, a taxon typically identified as a subgenus of Microtus (Anderson, 1959; Bailey, 1900; Hall and Cockrum, 1953; R. A. Martin, 1995; Zagorodnyuk, 1990). Nonbanded karyotype reported by Cervantes et al. (1994), who noted its agreement with the complement hypothesized as ancestral for Arvicolinae. Viewed as cladistically basal to other North American pitymyines (subgenera Herpetomys, Pedomys, and Pitymys) based on phylogenetic study of molar traits (R. A. Martin, 1995); more removed from pitymyine species according to mitochrondrial gene sequences and weakly associated with M. chrotorrhinus (Conroy et al., 2001). Conroy et al. (2001) suggested that M. umbrosus represents an independent invasion of southern latitudes, the other consisting of species related to M. pinetorum, subgenus Pitymys (M. guatemalensis, M. oaxacensis, M. quasiater). See Frey and Cervantes (1997, Mammalian Species, 555).
description: Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Rodentia - Family Cricetidae, pp. 955-1189 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 1019, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316535
title: Lettre n°855bis de Paul d'Estournelles de Constant à Nicholas Murray Butler (29 juin 1921)
title: Letter number 855bis from Paul d'Estournelles de Constant to Nicholas Murray Butler (June 29, 1921)
Creators: name: d'Estournelles de Constant, Paul
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2022
Subjects: Pacifisme
Guerre mondiale (1914-1918)

description: Source: Archives de la Sarthe – France
Macroderma gigas
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Reeder, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Megadermatidae
Macroderma
Macroderma gigas

description: Macroderma gigas (Dobson 1880)
[Megaderma] gigas Dobson 1880, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1880: 461.
Type Locality: Australia, Queensland, Wilson's River, Mt. Margaret.
Vernacular Names: Australian False Vampire Bat.
Synonyms: Macroderma saturata Douglas 1962.
Distribution: N and C Australia.
Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Vulnerable.
Discussion: See Hudson and Wilson (1986).
description: Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Chiroptera - Family Megadermatidae, pp. 379-380 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 379, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
3D-Analysis of the Proximal Humeral Anatomy before and after Stemless Shoulder Arthroplasty—A Prospective Case Series Study
Creators: name: Koch, Matthias
name: Frankewycz, Borys
name: Voss, Andreas
name: Kaeaeb, Max
name: Herrmann, Sebastian
name: Alt, Volker
name: Greiner, Stefan
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: ; stemless shoulder arthroplasty; anatomical shoulder arthroplasty; osteoarthritis; 3D-evaluation; shoulder
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Background: Stemless shoulder arthroplasty (SSA) is used to anatomically reconstruct proximal humerus geometry and preserve proximal humerus bone stock. The current literature lacks 3D-analysis of pre- and postoperative proximal humeral anatomy after SSA. The aim of this study was to prospectively analyze the humeral head anatomy using a computer-assisted topography mapping technique after SSA in relation to the preoperative status and the contralateral (not affected) side. Methods: Twenty-nine patients (mean age: 63.5 +/- 11.7 years) affected by primary shoulder osteoarthritis and treated with SSA were included. Preoperative and postoperative CT scans of the affected and contralateral sites were analyzed regarding joint geometry. Clinical outcome was assessed by Constant and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score shortly before and one year after surgery. Results: Clinical outcome improved significantly. No correlation between clinical outcome and the evaluated anatomical parameters was found. There was a significant decrease of the humeral head height (p < 0.01) and radius (p = 0.03) in the preoperative versus the postoperative joint geometry. The comparison to the contralateral site showed also a significant decrease of the humeral head height (p < 0.01). All other parameters showed no significant differences. Conclusion: Proximal humeral anatomy can be almost anatomically reconstructed by SSA. Solely the humeral head height differs significantly to the preoperative as well as contralateral morphology.
Microtus xanthognathus Leach 1815
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Reeder, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Cricetidae
Microtus
Microtus xanthognathus

description: Microtus xanthognathus Leach 1815
Microtus xanthognathus Leach 1815, Zool. Misc., Vol. 1: 60.
Type Locality: Canada, Manitoba, Hudson Bay.
Vernacular Names: Taiga Vole.
Distribution: Western boreal taiga zone, from EC Alaska to W Northwest Territories, southeastwards to C Alberta and W coast of Hudson Bay, Canada.
Conservation: IUCN – Lower Risk (lc).
Discussion: Relationships obscure—apparently not a sister species to M. chrotorrhinus as once believed (see that account and Lidicker and Yang, 1986) nor closely related to M. richardsoni, subgenus Aulacomys, as arranged by Zagorodnyuk (1990; see Conroy and Cook, 2000 a). Karyotype reported and affinities discussed by Rausch and Rausch (1974). Late Pleistocene distribution reached C and E USA, as far south as S Nebraska, N Arkansas, and Virginia (Graham and Lundelius, 1994).
description: Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Rodentia - Family Cricetidae, pp. 955-1189 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 1019, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316535
Megaderma E. Geoffroy 1810
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Reeder, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Megadermatidae
Megaderma

description: Megaderma E. Geoffroy 1810
Megaderma E. Geoffroy 1810, Ann. Mus. Natn. Hist. Nat. Paris, 15: 197.
Type Species: Vespertilio spasma Linnaeus 1758
Synonyms: Eucheira Hodgson 1847; Spasma Gray 1866.
Species and subspecies: 2 species with 19 subspecies in 2 subgenera:
Subgenus Megaderma (Megaderma) E. Geoffroy 1810
Subgenus Megaderma (Lyroderma) Peters 1872
Species Megaderma (Lyroderma) lyra E. Geoffroy 1810
Subspecies Megaderma (Lyroderma) lyra subsp. lyra E. Geoffroy 1810
Subspecies Megaderma (Lyroderma) lyra subsp. sinensis K. Andersen and Wroughton 1907
Species Megaderma (Megaderma) spasma (Linnaeus 1758)
Subspecies Megaderma (Megaderma) spasma subsp. spasma Linnaeus 1758
Subspecies Megaderma (Megaderma) spasma subsp. abditum Chasen 1940
Subspecies Megaderma (Megaderma) spasma subsp. carimatae Miller 1906
Subspecies Megaderma (Megaderma) spasma subsp. celebensis Shamel 1940
Subspecies Megaderma (Megaderma) spasma subsp. ceylonense K. Andersen 1918
Subspecies Megaderma (Megaderma) spasma subsp. horsfieldii Blyth 1863
Subspecies Megaderma (Megaderma) spasma subsp. kinabalu Chasen 1940
Subspecies Megaderma (Megaderma) spasma subsp. lasiae Lyon 1916
Subspecies Megaderma (Megaderma) spasma subsp. majus K. Andersen 1918
Subspecies Megaderma (Megaderma) spasma subsp. medium K. Andersen 1918
Subspecies Megaderma (Megaderma) spasma subsp. minus K. Andersen 1918
Subspecies Megaderma (Megaderma) spasma subsp. naisense Lyon 1916
Subspecies Megaderma (Megaderma) spasma subsp. natunae K. Andersen and Wroughton 1907
Subspecies Megaderma (Megaderma) spasma subsp. pangandarana Sody 1936
Subspecies Megaderma (Megaderma) spasma subsp. philippinensis Waterhouse 1843
Subspecies Megaderma (Megaderma) spasma subsp. siumatis Lyon 1916
Subspecies Megaderma (Megaderma) spasma subsp. trifolium Geoffroy 1810
Discussion: Includes Lyroderma, but see Hand (1985). Two subgenera (Megaderma and Lyroderma) are recognized here following Corbet and Hill (1992).
description: Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Chiroptera - Family Megadermatidae, pp. 379-380 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 379, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
Leptotyphlops scutifrons
Creators: name: Published, First
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Leptotyphlopidae
Leptotyphlops
Leptotyphlops scutifrons

description: The Leptotyphlops scutifrons species group
This group is distinguished by having the prefrontal shield fused with the rostral shield, a small anterior supralabial and a subtriangular cloacal shield. Most species have a tall posterior supralabial which reaches the level of the eye and are uniform black above and below. The robust skull usually has fused parietals.
description: Published as part of Published, First, 2007, A revision of the genus Leptotyphlops in northeastern Africa and southwestern Arabia (Serpentes: Leptotyphlopidae), pp. 1-78 in Zootaxa 1408 on page 40, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6789060
Megaderma (Megaderma) E. Geoffroy 1810
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Reeder, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Megadermatidae
Megaderma

description: Megaderma (Megaderma) E. Geoffroy 1810
Megaderma (Megaderma) E. Geoffroy 1810, Ann. Mus. Natn. Hist. Nat. Paris, 15: 197.
Type Species: Vespertilio (Megaderma) spasma Linnaeus 1758
description: Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Chiroptera - Family Megadermatidae, pp. 379-380 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 379, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
RNA-Binding Protein La Mediates TGFβ-Induced Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition and Cancer Stem Cell Properties
Creators: name: Sommer, Gunhild
name: Heise, Tilman
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: LAMININ B1; TRANSLATION; PHOSPHORYLATION; IDENTIFICATION; AUTOANTIGEN; PROMOTES; ANTIGEN; ZEB1; EMT; La protein; La; SSB; LaRP3; RNA-binding protein; RBP; plasticity; TGFβ EMT; cancer stem cells; CSC; AKT; phosphorylation
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Simple Summary Reversible epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a key role in establishing a malignant phenotype by assuring cancer cell plasticity critical for cancer progression by allowing a small fraction of cancer cells to detach from primary lesions and outgrow at metastatic sites. Cancer cell plasticity is associated with cancer stem cell properties contributing to chemoresistance, metastasis, and poor clinical outcomes. Dysregulated RNA-binding proteins are key players in controlling the RNA metabolism, including mRNA processing, export, and translation, and have been implicated in cancer cell plasticity. In this study, we demonstrated that aberrantly expressed RNA-binding protein La is critical for transforming growth factor beta-induced EMT and for gaining cancer stem cell properties. Understanding the function of aberrant RNA-binding protein expression in cancer cell plasticity reveals prospects for identifying novel therapeutic targets. Background: the aberrant overexpression of predominantly nuclear localizing RNA-binding protein (RBP) La contributes to proliferation, mobility, and chemoresistance of cancer cells and tumor growth in mice. Methods: studies included cancer tissue microarrays (TMAs) analyses, cancer tissue data mining, transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta)-induced cancer cell plasticity studies, three dimensional sphere growth, epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) assays, analysis of cancer stem cell (CSC) marker expression, and post-translational modification of cancer-associated La protein. Results: we demonstrated that significant overexpression of RBP La in lung and head and neck cancer tissue correlates with poor overall survival. Furthermore, small interfering RNA-mediated depletion of La reduced proliferation and migration of cancer cells, blocked TGF beta-induced EMT, and diminished both EMT and CSC marker expression. Rescue experiments with La wildtype but not RNA chaperone domain activity-defective La mutant increased the expression of those cancer progression markers, suggesting a critical role of La's RNA chaperone activity in this process. La depletion in cancer cells also significantly decreased sphere growth in the presence of TGF beta. Interestingly, TGF beta treatment induced phosphorylation of La at threonine 389 (pLa(T389)) only in adherents but not in 3D growing cultures. Conclusion: our study suggests that the TGF beta/AKT/pLa(T389) signaling pathway regulates cancer cell plasticity.
Mechanical stress induce PG-E2 in murine synovial fibroblasts originating from the temporomandibular joint
Creators: name: Nazet, Ute
name: Feulner, Laura
name: Muschter, Dominique
name: Neubert, Patrick
name: Schatz, Valentin
name: Grässel, Susanne
name: Jantsch, Jonathan
name: Proff, Peter
name: Schröder, Agnes
name: Kirschneck, Christian
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: temporomandibular joint; osteoarthritis; synovitis; inflammation; mechanical strain
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Genetic predisposition, traumatic events, or excessive mechanical exposure provoke arthritic changes in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). We analysed the impact of mechanical stress that might be involved in the development and progression of TMJ osteoarthritis (OA) on murine synovial fibroblasts (SFs) of temporomandibular origin. SFs were subjected to different protocols of mechanical stress, either to a high-frequency tensile strain for 4 h or to a tensile strain of varying magnitude for 48 h. The TMJ OA induction was evaluated based on the gene and protein secretion of inflammatory factors (Icam-1, Cxcl-1, Cxcl-2, Il-1ß, Il-1ra, Il-6, Ptgs-2, PG-E2), subchondral bone remodelling (Rankl, Opg), and extracellular matrix components (Col1a2, Has-1, collagen and hyaluronic acid deposition) using RT-qPCR, ELISA, and HPLC. A short high-frequency tensile strain had only minor effects on inflammatory factors and no effects on the subchondral bone remodelling induction or matrix constituent production. A prolonged tensile strain of moderate and advanced magnitude increased the expression of inflammatory factors. An advanced tensile strain enhanced the Ptgs-2 and PG-E2 expression, while the expression of further inflammatory factors were decreased. The tensile strain protocols had no effects on the RANKL/OPG expression, while the advanced tensile strain significantly reduced the deposition of matrix constituent contents of collagen and hyaluronic acid. The data indicates that the application of prolonged advanced mechanical stress on SFs promote PG-E2 protein secretion, while the deposition of extracellular matrix components is decreased.
Simon Says: Exploring the Importance of Notification Design Formats on User Engagement
Creators: name: Abello, Hans Matthew
name: Badiola, Maxine Beatriz
name: Custer, Mark John
name: Fausto, Lorane Bernadeth
name: Leonida, Patrick Josh
name: Yongco, Denzel Bryan
name: Deja, Jordan Aiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Push notifications are brief messages that users frequently encounter in their daily lives. However, the volume of notifications can lead to information overload, making it challenging for users to engage effectively. This study investigates how notification behavior and color influence user interaction and perception. To explore this, we developed an app prototype that tracks user interactions with notifications, categorizing them as accepted, dismissed, or ignored. After each interaction, users were asked to complete a survey regarding their perception of the notifications. The study focused on how different notification colors might affect the likelihood of acceptance and perceived importance. The results reveal that certain colors were more likely to be accepted and were perceived as more important compared to others, suggesting that both color and behavior play significant roles in shaping user engagement with notifications.
description: 9 pages, 5 tables, 4 figures, 11 references
Myodes andersoni Thomas 1905
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Reeder, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Cricetidae
Myodes
Myodes andersoni

description: Myodes andersoni Thomas 1905
Myodes andersoni Thomas 1905, Abstr. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1905 (23): 18.
Type Locality: Japan, Honshu, Iwate Prefecture, Tsunagi, near Morioka.
Vernacular Names: Anderson's Red-backed Vole.
Synonyms: Myodes niigatae (Anderson 1909).
Distribution: Known only from C and N Honshu Isl (Kaneko, 1994).
Conservation: IUCN – Vulnerable as Phaulomys andersoni.
Discussion: Originally named as a species of Evotomys, later included in the synonymy of C. rufocanus smithii (Ellerman and Morrison-Scott, 1951), and eventually revised by Aimi (1980) as a species of Eothenomys. Subsequently arranged as a species of Phaulomys (Musser and Carleton, 1993), Eothenomys (Kaneko, 1994), or Clethrionomys (Pavlinov et al., 1995 a). Evidence for treatment under Myodes is explained in account of M. smithii. Species reviewed by Kaneko (1994, as Eothenomys).
Kaneko et al. (1992 a) documented vertical distributions, zone of overlap (650-1325 m), and morphological separation of M. andersoni (alpine habitats generally above 1000 m) and M. smithii in C Honshu (also see Kimura et al., 1994, 1999). Honshu specimens of problematic identification can be confidently associated using Y-chromosome morphology, certain external proportions and cranial traits, and mammae formula (Iwasa, 2000; Iwasa and Tsuchiya, 2000). G-band chromosomal homologies between M. andersoni and M. rufocanus documented by Obara (1986). Junior synonymy of niigatae, occasionally treated as specifically distinct, clarified by Aimi (1980) based on morphological traits. His conclusion is strongly corroborated by cross-breeding experiments (Kitahara and Kimura, 1995), analyses of mitochondrial and nuclear ribosomal DNA (Suzuki et al., 1999 b), and C-banding comparisons of the Y chromosome (Iwasa and Tsuchiya, 2000); however, Kaneko (1994) continued to recognize niigatae as a valid species occurring in C Honshu.
description: Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Rodentia - Family Cricetidae, pp. 955-1189 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 1022, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316535
The Loop Tenodesis Procedure—From Biomechanics to First Clinical Results
Creators: name: Riedl, Moritz
name: Mayr, Agnes
name: Greiner, Stefan
name: Pfeifer, Christian G.
name: Weiss, Isabella
name: Forchhammer, Lina
name: Alt, Volker
name: Kerschbaum, Maximilian
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: ; shoulder; arthroscopy; long biceps tendon; tenotomy; tenodesis; LHB
subject: 610 Medizin

description: (1) Introduction: Several surgical therapy options for the treatment of pathologies of the long biceps tendon (LHB) have been established. However, tenotomy, as well as established tenodesis techniques, has disadvantages, such as cosmetic deformities, functional impairments and residual shoulder pain. This study presents the first clinical and structural results of the recently introduced loop tenodesis procedure for the LHB, developed to overcome these issues. (2) Methods: 37 patients (11 women, 26 men, mean age 52 years), who underwent loop tenodesis of the LHB were examined six months after surgery. For the clinical evaluation the Constant score, as well as the LHB score, were used, complemented by elbow flexion and supination strength measurements. The integrity of the tenodesis construct was evaluated indirectly by sonographic detection of the LHB in the bicipital groove. (3) Results: Both, the overall Constant score as well as the LHB score showed significant improvements six months postoperatively, as compared to the preoperative value. Fourteen patients (38%) presented an examiner-dependent upper arm deformity, although only five patients (13%) reported subjective cosmetic deformities. Both, flexion and supination strength were preserved compared to the preoperative level. In 35 patients (95%), the tenodesis in the bicipital groove was proofed sonographically. (4) Conclusion: The loop tenodesis of the LHB provides good-to-excellent overall clinical results after a short-term follow-up of six month. The incidence of cosmetic deformities was inferior compared to conventional therapy options (tenotomy and anchor tenodesis).
Megaderma (Lyroderma) Peters 1872
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Reeder, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Megadermatidae
Megaderma

description: Megaderma (Lyroderma) Peters 1872
Species and subspecies: 2 species with 19 subspecies:
Species Megaderma (Lyroderma) lyra E. Geoffroy 1810
Subspecies Megaderma (Lyroderma) lyra subsp. lyra E. Geoffroy 1810
Subspecies Megaderma (Lyroderma) lyra subsp. sinensis K. Andersen and Wroughton 1907
Species Megaderma (Megaderma) spasma (Linnaeus 1758)
Subspecies Megaderma (Megaderma) spasma subsp. spasma Linnaeus 1758
Subspecies Megaderma (Megaderma) spasma subsp. abditum Chasen 1940
Subspecies Megaderma (Megaderma) spasma subsp. carimatae Miller 1906
Subspecies Megaderma (Megaderma) spasma subsp. celebensis Shamel 1940
Subspecies Megaderma (Megaderma) spasma subsp. ceylonense K. Andersen 1918
Subspecies Megaderma (Megaderma) spasma subsp. horsfieldii Blyth 1863
Subspecies Megaderma (Megaderma) spasma subsp. kinabalu Chasen 1940
Subspecies Megaderma (Megaderma) spasma subsp. lasiae Lyon 1916
Subspecies Megaderma (Megaderma) spasma subsp. majus K. Andersen 1918
Subspecies Megaderma (Megaderma) spasma subsp. medium K. Andersen 1918
Subspecies Megaderma (Megaderma) spasma subsp. minus K. Andersen 1918
Subspecies Megaderma (Megaderma) spasma subsp. naisense Lyon 1916
Subspecies Megaderma (Megaderma) spasma subsp. natunae K. Andersen and Wroughton 1907
Subspecies Megaderma (Megaderma) spasma subsp. pangandarana Sody 1936
Subspecies Megaderma (Megaderma) spasma subsp. philippinensis Waterhouse 1843
Subspecies Megaderma (Megaderma) spasma subsp. siumatis Lyon 1916
Subspecies Megaderma (Megaderma) spasma subsp. trifolium Geoffroy 1810
description: Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Chiroptera - Family Megadermatidae, pp. 379-380 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 380, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519