Macrostomus albicaudatus Rafael & Cumming, 2015, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Rafael, José Albertino
name: Cumming, Jeffrey M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Empididae
Macrostomus
Macrostomus albicaudatus

description: Macrostomus albicaudatus sp. nov.
(Figs 10–17, 56–57)
Diagnosis. Thorax yellow. Abdomen black with male terminalia yellow and female terminalia white. Male tergite 8 short, without sinus anteriorly and with shallow sinus posteriorly. Epandrium with posterodorsal lobe of epandrium higher than anterodorsal lobe. Anterior cercus with thin process at posterior margin; posterior cercus vertically elongate with one small secondary protuberance. Hypandrium without setae and with sinus on posterior margin. Female hind tibia without pinnate setae.
Description. Holotype male. Body length 2.8 mm; wing length 3.2 mm. Width of frons slightly narrower than anterior ocellus width. Antenna velvety black with pedicel rather yellow. Palpus yellow. Thorax shiny yellow. Thoracic setae: 3–4 dorsocentrals, 3–5 antepronotals, 1–3 proepisternals, 2 pairs of scutellars. Legs shiny yellow with apex of hind femur, apex of hind tibia and all tarsomeres 4–5 darker. Hind femur (Fig. 10) with slender, longer ventral and dorsal setae near middle where femur (as seen in dorsal view) is slightly swollen; no anteroventral setae at distal third. Wing (Fig. 56, paratype). Halter yellow, lighter distally. Abdomen shiny black with segment 1, base of segment 2 and terminalia yellow. Terminalia with tergite 8 short, without sinus anteriorly, with shallow sinus posteriorly (Fig. 11). Epandrium with posterodorsal lobe higher than anterodorsal lobe (Fig. 12). Anterior cercus with thin process at posterior margin; posterior cercus elongate vertically with one small secondary protuberance. Cercal bridge (Fig. 13) small, flat, somewhat cordiform-shaped, connected anteriorly to anterior cercus. Ventral projection of cercus thin, with setae distally (Fig. 12). Hypandrium (Fig. 14) without setae, with moderately pronounced sinus on posterior margin.
Female. Hind femur without slender anteroventral setae near middle. Hind tibia without pinnate setae. Wing (Fig. 57). Terminalia white. Tergite 8 with distinct sulcus posteriorly and tergite 10 with sulcus anteriorly (Fig. 15). Sternite 8 narrow anteriorly, distinctly expanded posteriorly with lateral projections rounded (as seen ventrally) and only slightly acuminate (Fig. 16). Genital fork (Fig. 17) small, without lateral arms. Genital chamber membranous with central sclerotized line.
Geographical distribution. Brazil (Roraima, Amazonas, Pará).
Type Material. HOLOTYPE ♂: “ BRAZIL, Amazonas, Manaus, F[azenda] Esteio, BR-174, km-41, ZF3”; “ 24–27.viii.1993, F.F.Xavier”; “ Macrostomus albicaudatus Holótipo ♂” (red label) (INPA). PARATYPES. BRAZIL. Same data as holotype (1♀ INPA); Amazonas, Manaus, PDBFF /WWF, Proj. Bert Klein, iii.1986, Malaise, Res. 1208 (1♂ CNC); viii.1984 (1♂ CNC); Reserva Ducke, 24.v.1988, J.A. Rafael & Socorro Rosa, flor de Miconia nervosa (1♀ INPA); 15.vi.1988 (1♀ CNC); 27.vii.1988 (1♀ INPA); 13.iv.1989 (1♂, 1♀, same pin, INPA); 4.v.1989 (2♂, 1♀ INPA); 11.v.1989 (1♂ CNC); 08.vi.1989 (2♂, 2♀ INPA); Parque Nac. Jau, Rio Jau, Ig. Patauá, 01º53'16''S 61º44'07''W, varredura, J.A. Rafael & J. Vidal (2♂ INPA), Rio Jau, 11–30.x.1993, J. Vidal (1♂ CNC); Rio Unini, Democracia, 0 1 º 43'54''S 61 º 54'32''W, 20–24.vi.1996, A.L. Henriques, J. Vidal & F.L. Oliveira, varredura (1♂ CNC); Roraima, Pacaraima, 25.iv.–5.vii.1988, Eq. J.A. Rafael, flor de Heliconia sp (1♂, 2♀ CNC); Serra Pacaraima, 27.viii.1987, J.A. Rafael, Elias Bindá & A.L. Henriques, flor de Heliconia sp, (1♂, 1♀ INPA); Pacaraima, BR 174, 0 4 º 27'04''N 61 º 07'56''W, varredura, J.A. Rafael & J. Vidal (1♂ INPA); Pará, Benevides, Faz. Morelândia, J.A.Rafael, arm. Malaise, 14.xi.1986 (1♀ INPA); Rio Trombetas, Cruz Alta, 25–28.vii.1992, arm. Malaise, J. Vidal (1♀ INPA).
Holotype condition. Pinned, in good condition, not dissected.
Etymology. From Latin albus = white, caudatus = with tail, in reference to the white female terminalia.
Variation. Some paratypes with abdomen dark yellow.
Discussion. Macrostomus albicaudatus sp. nov. appears closely related to M. trombetensis sp. nov. based on a similar epandrium with the posterodorsal lobe higher than the anterodorsal lobe in the male (Figs 12, 39), anterior cercus with a thin process at posterior margin (Figs 12, 40), posterior cercus elongate with one small secondary protuberance (Fig. 12), and female sternite 8 narrow anteriorly and distinctly expanded posteriorly (Figs 16, 43).
description: Published as part of Rafael, José Albertino & Cumming, Jeffrey M., 2015, Revision of the genus Macrostomus Wiedemann (Diptera, Empididae, Empidinae). IV. The amazonensis species-group, pp. 109-121 in Zootaxa 3947 (1) on pages 112-113, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3947.1.7, http://zenodo.org/record/237979