cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Large Area Solar Cells Made from Degradation-Free, Low Resistivity Gallium Doped Cz Wafers
Creators: name: Lauermann, T.
name: Herguth, A.
name: Scholz, S.
name: Hahn, G.
name: Ostrom, N.P.
name: Johnson, B.K.
name: Jung, W.-H.
name: Haverkamp, H.
name: Schmid, C.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 2002-2005
description: Boron doped Czochralski-wafers for industrial solar cells are negatively impacted by the fact that
boron forms recombination active defects with oxygen under illumination, lowering the minority carrier lifetime of
the bulk. This effect is known as light-induced degradation (LID) [1,2] and causes a voltage and current drop of the
solar cells. It may be circumvented by using high-resistivity material to minimize the boron content of the wafer, but
this leads to other negative effects.
A different approach is the replacement of boron by gallium as dopant. In this work, low-resistivity gallium doped
HiCz™ wafers produced by Confluence Solar’s proprietary process were processed into solar cells together with
HiCz™ boron doped wafers. The 125x125 mm² cells were manufactured similarly to mass production conditions,
employing screen printing and co-firing as the metallization technique.
The solar cell results showed that both the boron and gallium doped cells produced initial efficiencies of around 18%.
Various degradation experiments were conducted, showing LID on boron doped samples. This degradation saturated
after 48 hours with a 6 mV decrease in VOC and an efficiency decrease of 0.3% absolute. On gallium doped samples
however, no LID could be observed on a comparable timescale, the cells retained their initial efficiencies.
Exploring X-ray Binary Populations in Compact Group Galaxies with $Chandra$
Creators: name: Tzanavaris, P.
name: Hornschemeier, A. E.
name: Gallagher, S. C.
name: Lenkic, L.
name: Desjardins, T. D.
name: Walker, L. M.
name: Johnson, K. E.
name: Mulchaey, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain total galaxy X-ray luminosities, $L_X$, originating from individually detected point sources in a sample of 47 galaxies in 15 compact groups of galaxies (CGs). For the great majority of our galaxies, we find that the detected point sources most likely are local to their associated galaxy, and are thus extragalactic X-ray binaries (XRBs) or nuclear active galactic nuclei (AGNs). For spiral and irregular galaxies, we find that, after accounting for AGNs and nuclear sources, most CG galaxies are either within the $\pm1σ$ scatter of the Mineo et al. (2012) $L_X$ - star formation rate (SFR) correlation or have higher $L_X$ than predicted by this correlation for their SFR. We discuss how these "excesses" may be due to low metallicities and high interaction levels. For elliptical and S0 galaxies, after accounting for AGNs and nuclear sources, most CG galaxies are consistent with the Boroson et al. (2011) $L_X$ - stellar mass correlation for low-mass XRBs, with larger scatter, likely due to residual effects such as AGN activity or hot gas. Assuming non-nuclear sources are low- or high-mass XRBs, we use appropriate XRB luminosity functions to estimate the probability that stochastic effects can lead to such extreme $L_X$ values. We find that, although stochastic effects do not in general appear to be important, for some galaxies there is a significant probability that high $L_X$ values can be observed due to strong XRB variability.
description: Accepted by ApJ
Development of NOCT Method Adapted to Integration under Several Conditions
Creators: name: Boddaert, S.
name: Pincemin, S.
name: Chervet, F.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3387-3391
description: Electrical and thermal simulations of a building integrated photovoltaic system are currently
undertaken with a transient simulation or at least a steady state program using real experimental data. However
predicted results are obtained with electrical and thermal generic models partially adapted in order to present similar
results as experimental. Even if several studies increase quality of computation with help of better sky temperature
models, better knowledge of irradiance and part global/direct/diffuse, sun path, convective effects, a constant
parameter is used in most research to characterise photovoltaic modules, NOCT parameter.
This one (Normal Operating Cell Temperature) provides estimation of PV module temperature rise, evaluated under
STC conditions (Standard Test Conditions), in fully ventilated mounting system. Nowadays, NOCT parameter is
currently used as an essential parameter for annual predicting energy production, but solution not really suitable for
photovoltaic components used as roofing materials. The purpose of this work is to present an experimental method
able to determine average PV module temperature according to PV integration system.
Orbit-spin coupling and the circulation of the Martian atmosphere
Creators: name: Shirley, James H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The physical origins of the observed interannual variability of weather and climate on Mars are poorly understood. In this paper we introduce a deterministic physical mechanism that may account for much of the variability of the circulation of the Mars atmosphere on seasonal and longer timescales. We derive a coupling expression linking orbital and rotational motions that produces an acceleration field varying with position and with time on and within a subject body. The spatially and temporally varying accelerations may interfere constructively or destructively with large-scale flows of geophysical fluids that are established and maintained by other means. The hypothesis predicts cycles of intensification and relaxation of circulatory flows of atmospheres on seasonal and longer timescales that are largely independent of solar forcing. The predictions of the hypothesis may be tested through numerical modeling. Examples from investigations of the atmospheric circulation of Mars are provided to illustrate qualitative features and quantitative aspects of the mechanism proposed. We briefly discuss the implications and applicability of the orbit-spin coupling hypothesis for planets other than Mars.
description: 59 pages, 6 figures, 3 appendices
Quasi-molecular bosonic complexes -- a pathway to atomic analog of SQUID with controlled sensitivity
Creators: name: Safavi-Naini, Arghavan
name: Capogrosso-Sansone, Barbara
name: Kuklov, Anatoly
name: Penna, Vittorio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experimental advances in realizing degenerate quantum dipolar gases in optical lattices and the flexibility of experimental setups in attaining various geometries offer the opportunity to explore exotic quantum many-body phases stabilized by anisotropic, long-range dipolar interaction. Moreover, the unprecedented control over the various physical properties of these systems, ranging from the quantum statistics of the particles, to the inter-particle interactions, allow one to engineer novel devices. In this paper, we consider dipolar bosons trapped in a stack of one-dimensional optical lattice layers, previously studied in [1]. Building on our prior results, we provide a description of the quantum phases stabilized in this system which include composite superfluids, solids, and supercounterfluids, most of which are found to be threshold- less with respect to the dipolar interaction strength. We also demonstrate the effect of enhanced sensitivity to rotations of a SQUID-type device made of two composite superfluids trapped in a ring-shaped optical lattice layer with weak links.
description: Special Issue Article
One-Dimensional SiC Photonic Structures to Enhance the Efficiency of Systems with Silicon Solar Cells and Upconverters
Creators: name: Herter, B.
name: Peters, M.
name: Janz, S.
name: Hermle, M.
name: Goldschmidt, J.C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics : New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
New Materials, Cells and Modules

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 349-352
description: In silicon solar cells, photons with energies lower than the fixed bandgap of 1.12 eV are transmitted through the
semiconductor material and do not contribute to current generation. This limitation can be overcome using an
upconverting material below the solar cell, which transforms two or more low-energy photons into one highenergy
photon, which can be utilized in the solar cell. Available efficient upconverters like NaYF4:Er, however,
typically only work efficiently over a narrow wavelength range. The used spectral range can be enlarged with a
second luminescent material, which absorbs over a wider spectral range and emits in the absorption range of the
upconverter, a concept known as spectral concentration. In this paper, we investigate photonic structures for a
special system applying both spectral and spatial concentration using fluorescent concentrators. The photonic
structures ensure that all photons reach the part of the system where they can be used the most efficiently. We
show that the required photonic structures can be realized with a one-dimensional stack of alternating layers of
silicon carbides with different silicon to carbon ratios. We present results of the simulation and optimization of
these photonic structures, as well as characterization of such structures produced in a PECVD process.
Petrus Peregrinus of Maricourt and the Medieval Magnetism
Creators: name: Sparavigna, Amelia Carolina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Petrus Peregrinus of Maricourt, a 13th-century French scholar and engineer, wrote what we can consider as the first extant treatise on magnetism of Europe. This treatise is in the form of a letter, probably composed during the siege of Lucera in Italy, in 1269, where Peregrinus worked to fortify the camp and built engines for projecting stones and fireballs into the besieged town. Peregrinus' letter consists of two parts. The first is discussing the properties of magnets, describing also the methods for determining their north and south poles. The second part of the letter describes some instruments that utilize the properties of magnets, ending with the Peregrinus' art of making a wheel of perpetual motion. In this paper, we discuss the first part of the letter and the related medieval knowledge of magnetism.
Learning to Automate Follow-up Question Generation using Process Knowledge for Depression Triage on Reddit Posts
Creators: name: Gupta, Shrey
name: Agarwal, Anmol
name: Gaur, Manas
name: Roy, Kaushik
name: Narayanan, Vignesh
name: Kumaraguru, Ponnurangam
name: Sheth, Amit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Conversational Agents (CAs) powered with deep language models (DLMs) have shown tremendous promise in the domain of mental health. Prominently, the CAs have been used to provide informational or therapeutic services to patients. However, the utility of CAs to assist in mental health triaging has not been explored in the existing work as it requires a controlled generation of follow-up questions (FQs), which are often initiated and guided by the mental health professionals (MHPs) in clinical settings. In the context of depression, our experiments show that DLMs coupled with process knowledge in a mental health questionnaire generate 12.54% and 9.37% better FQs based on similarity and longest common subsequence matches to questions in the PHQ-9 dataset respectively, when compared with DLMs without process knowledge support. Despite coupling with process knowledge, we find that DLMs are still prone to hallucination, i.e., generating redundant, irrelevant, and unsafe FQs. We demonstrate the challenge of using existing datasets to train a DLM for generating FQs that adhere to clinical process knowledge. To address this limitation, we prepared an extended PHQ-9 based dataset, PRIMATE, in collaboration with MHPs. PRIMATE contains annotations regarding whether a particular question in the PHQ-9 dataset has already been answered in the user's initial description of the mental health condition. We used PRIMATE to train a DLM in a supervised setting to identify which of the PHQ-9 questions can be answered directly from the user's post and which ones would require more information from the user. Using performance analysis based on MCC scores, we show that PRIMATE is appropriate for identifying questions in PHQ-9 that could guide generative DLMs towards controlled FQ generation suitable for aiding triaging. Dataset created as a part of this research: https://github.com/primate-mh/Primate2022
$Extrasolar~Storms$: Pressure-dependent Changes In Light Curve Phase In Brown Dwarfs From Simultaneous $Hubble$ and $Spitzer$ Observations
Creators: name: Yang, Hao
name: Apai, Dániel
name: Marley, Mark S.
name: Karalidi, Theodora
name: Flateau, Davin
name: Showman, Adam P.
name: Metchev, Stanimir
name: Buenzli, Esther
name: Radigan, Jacqueline
name: Artigau, Étienne
name: Lowrance, Patrick J.
name: Burgasser, Adam J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present $Spitzer$/IRAC Ch1 and Ch2 monitoring of six brown dwarfs during 8 different epochs over the course of 20 months. For four brown dwarfs, we also obtained simulataneous $HST$/WFC3 G141 Grism spectra during two epochs and derived light curves in five narrow-band filters. Probing different pressure levels in the atmospheres, the multi-wavelength light curves of our six targets all exhibit variations, and the shape of the light curves evolves over the timescale of a rotation period, ranging from 1.4 h to 13 h. We compare the shapes of the light curves and estimate the phase shifts between the light curves observed at different wavelengths by comparing the phase of the primary Fourier components. We use state-of-the-art atmosphere models to determine the flux contribution of different pressure layers to the observed flux in each filter. We find that the light curves that probe higher pressures are similar and in phase, but are offset and often different from the light curves that probe lower pressures. The phase differences between the two groups of light curves suggest that the modulations seen at lower and higher pressures may be introduced by different cloud layers.
description: 34 pages, 22 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Facilitation Induced Transparency and Single Photon Switch with Dual-Channel Rydberg Interactions
Creators: name: Ding, Yao
name: Bai, Zhengyang
name: Huang, Guoxiang
name: Li, Weibin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate facilitation induced transparency (FIT) enabled by strong and long-range Rydberg atom interactions between two spatially separated optical channels. In this setting, the resonant two-photon excitation of Rydberg states in a target channel is conditioned by a single Rydberg excitation in a control channel. Through the contactless coupling enabled by the Rydberg interaction, the optical transparency of the target channel can be actively manipulated by steering the optical detuning in the control channel. By adopting a dressed-state picture, we identify two different interference pathways, in which one corresponds to Rydberg blockade and an emergent one results from facilitation. We show that the FIT is originated from the Rydberg interaction and the quantum interference effect between the two pathways, which is different from conventional electromagnetically induced transparency realized by single-body laser-atom coupling. We find that the FIT in such a dual-channel setting is rather robust, insensitive to changes of systemic parameters, and can be generalized to multi-channel settings. Moreover, we demonstrate that such a FIT permits to realize controllable single-photon switches, which also paves a route to detect Rydberg facilitation by using optical absorption spectra. Our study contributes to current efforts in probing correlated many-body dynamics and developing single-photon quantum devices based on Rydberg atom ensembles.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
Performance Change from Light-Soaking and Annealing Effects of Thin-Film PV Modules
Creators: name: Morita, K.
name: Kera, S.
name: Kiehn, S.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3392-3396
description: The performance of thin-film PV modules changes due to the effects of the light-soaking and
annealing. Therefore the pre-conditioning shall be necessary before the performance measurement at STC
(standard test condition) or other conditions for the determination of stabilized Pmax. The light-soaking and
annealing effects on a-Si and CIS modules were investigated in order to contribute the determination of the preconditioning
procedure. As a result, both a-Si and CIS modules showed the performance change due to the
annealing effect after the light-soaking even in the case of keeping the modules in the controlled temperature
environment at 25°C. It was understood that the time and temperature control in dark conditions after the lightsoaking
is key point for the pre-conditioning procedure. The points to take care about will be discussed for some considerable cases in this paper.
The link between the assembly of the inner dark matter halo and the angular momentum evolution of galaxies in the EAGLE simulation
Creators: name: Zavala, Jesus
name: Frenk, Carlos S.
name: Bower, Richard
name: Schaye, Joop
name: Theuns, Tom
name: Crain, Robert A.
name: Trayford, James W.
name: Schaller, Matthieu
name: Furlong, Michelle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the co-evolution of the specific angular momentum of dark matter haloes and the cold baryons that comprise the galaxies within. We study over two thousand central galaxies within the reference cosmological hydrodynamical simulation of the "Evolution and Assembly of GaLaxies and their Environments" (EAGLE) project. We employ a methodology within which the evolutionary history of a system is specified by the time-evolving properties of the Lagrangian particles that define it at z=0. We find a strong correlation between the evolution of the specific angular momentum of today's stars (cold gas) and that of the inner (whole) dark matter halo they are associated with. This link is particularly strong for the stars formed before the epoch of maximum expansion and subsequent collapse of the central dark matter halo (turnaround). Spheroids are typically assembled primarily from stars formed prior to turnaround, and are therefore destined to suffer a net loss of angular momentum associated with the strong merging activity during the assembly of the inner dark matter halo. Stellar discs retain their specific angular momentum since they are comprised of stars formed mainly after turnaround, from gas that mostly preserves the high specific angular momentum it acquired by tidal torques during the linear growth of the halo. Since the specific angular momentum loss of the stars is tied to the galaxy's morphology today, it may be possible to use our results to predict, statistically, the assembly history of a halo given the morphology of the galaxy it hosts.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures, submitted for publication in MNRAS, comments welcome
Self-healing (solitonic) slip pulses in frictional systems
Creators: name: Pomyalov, Anna
name: Lubomirsky, Yuri
name: Braverman, Lara
name: Brener, Efim A.
name: Bouchbinder, Eran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A prominent spatiotemporal failure mode of frictional systems is self-healing slip pulses, which are propagating solitonic structures that feature a characteristic length. Here, we numerically derive a family of steady state slip pulse solutions along generic and realistic rate-and-state dependent frictional interfaces, separating large deformable bodies in contact. Such nonlinear interfaces feature a non-monotonic frictional strength as a function of the slip velocity, with a local minimum. The solutions exhibit a diverging length and strongly inertial propagation velocities, when the driving stress approaches the frictional strength characterizing the local minimum from above, and change their character when it is away from it. An approximate scaling theory quantitatively explains these observations. The derived pulse solutions also exhibit significant spatially-extended dissipation in excess of the edge-localized dissipation (the effective fracture energy) and an unconventional edge singularity. The relevance of our findings for available observations is discussed.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures + extended Supplemental Materials
Anatomy of the sign-problem in heavy-dense QCD
Creators: name: Garron, Nicolas
name: Langfeld, Kurt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: QCD at finite densities of heavy quarks is investigated using the density-of-states method. The phase factor expectation value of the quark determinant is calculated to unprecedented precision as a function of the chemical potential. Results are validated using those from a reweighting approach where the latter can produce a significant signal-to-noise ratio. We confirm the particle-hole symmetry at low temperatures, find a strong sign problem at intermediate values of the chemical potential, and an inverse Silver Blaze feature for chemical potentials close to the onset value: here, the phase quenched theory underestimates the density of the full theory.
description: 15 pages, 16 figures
Topology with memory in nonlinear driven-dissipative photonic lattices
Creators: name: Mandal, Subhaskar
name: Liu, Gui-Geng
name: Zhang, Baile
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a photonic lattice of nonlinear lossy resonators subjected to a coherent drive, where the system remembers its topological phase. Initially, the system is topologically trivial. After the application of an additional coherent pulse, the intensity is increased, which modifies the couplings in the system and then induce a topological phase transition. However, when the effect of the pulse dies out, the system does not go back to the trivial phase. Instead, it remembers the topological phase and maintains its topology acquired during the pulse application. The pulse can be used as a switch to trigger amplification of the topological modes. We further show that the amplification takes place at a different frequency as well as at a different position from those of the pulse, indicating frequency conversion and intensity transfer. Our work can be useful in triggering the different functionalities of active topological photonic devices.
description: Close to the published version
Silicon Solar Cells Metallization by Inkjet Printing
Creators: name: Martín Real, J.
name: Montalbán, C.
name: Apraiz, A.
name: Aguerre, J.P.
name: Jimeno, J.C.
name: Gutiérrez, J.R.
name: Gizachew, Y.T.
name: Escoubas, L.
name: Simon, J.J.
name: Pasquinelli, M.
name: Loiret, J.
name: Leguen, P.Y.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 1997-2001
description: Inkjet printing is a technology which is very interesting in order to be applied to the metallization
process to manufacture solar cells. This technique consists of the jetting of silver-content drops on the silicon wafers.
By controlling thermal processes, number of passes, printing resolution and the characteristics of the drops of ink
(silver concentration and drop volume) the metal fingers of the solar cell are obtained. These silver lines can give a
good adherence and can improve electrical and geometrical characteristics compared to screen printing technology.
The line width which can be obtained by using this technology is in the order of 40 μm, the line resistivity is near
to the value of pure silver (1.55·10-6 Ω·cm²) and the specific contact resistivity is near to 1 mΩ·cm².
An Indoor Environment Sensing and Localization System via mmWave Phased Array
Creators: name: Sun, Yifei
name: Li, Jie
name: Zhang, Tong
name: Wang, Rui
name: Peng, Xiaohui
name: Han, Tony Xiao
name: Tan, Haisheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: An indoor layout sensing and localization system in 60GHz millimeter wave (mmWave) band, named mmReality, is elaborated in this paper. The mmReality system consists of one transmitter and one mobile receiver, each with a phased array and a single radio frequency (RF) chain. To reconstruct the room layout, the pilot signal is delivered from the transmitter to the receiver via different pairs of transmission and receiving beams, so that the signals at all antenna elements can be resolved. Then, the spatial smoothing and two-dimensional multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm is applied to detect the angle-of-arrival (AoAs) and angle-of-departure (AoDs) of the rays from the transmitter to the receiver. Moreover, the technique of multi-carrier ranging is adopted to measure the distance of each propagation path. Synthesizing the above geometrical parameters, the location of receiver relative to the transmitter can be pinpointed, both line-of-sight (LoS) and non-line-of-sight (NLoS) paths can also be determined. Therefore, the room layout can be reconstructed by moving the receiver and repeating the above measurement in different locations of the room. At the end, we show that the reconstructed room layout can be utilized to locate a mobile device according to its AoA spectrum, even with single access point.
description: Paper accepted for publication in Journal of Communications and Information Networks, 2022
Decontaminating Swift UVOT Grism Observations of Transient Sources
Creators: name: Smitka, Michael T.
name: Brown, Peter J.
name: Kuin, Paul
name: Suntzeff, Nicholas B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new technique of decontaminating Swift UVOT grism spectra for transient objects. We describe the template image requirements and image processing steps necessary to successfully implement the empirical decontamination technique. We demonstrate the accuracy of the flux and wavelength calibrations for decontaminated spectra by comparing a spectrum of SN 2011fe with a well-calibrated, long-slit ultraviolet spectrum from the Hubble Space Telescope's Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph. We also show how the decontamination removes spurious emission lines from spectra of iPTF14bdn which otherwise could be misinterpreted as coming from the supernova. The software which implements this technique is briefly discussed and is made available to the community.
description: 26 pages, 11 figures, accepted to PASP. Astrophysics Source Code Library: 2015ascl.soft09005S
Mining Software Quality from Software Reviews: Research Trends and Open Issues
Creators: name: Atoum, Issa
name: Otoom, Ahmed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Software review text fragments have considerably valuable information about users experience. It includes a huge set of properties including the software quality. Opinion mining or sentiment analysis is concerned with analyzing textual user judgments. The application of sentiment analysis on software reviews can find a quantitative value that represents software quality. Although many software quality methods are proposed they are considered difficult to customize and many of them are limited. This article investigates the application of opinion mining as an approach to extract software quality properties. We found that the major issues of software reviews mining using sentiment analysis are due to software lifecycle and the diverse users and teams.
description: 11 pages
Control of spin-orbit torques through crystal symmetry in WTe2/ferromagnet bilayers
Creators: name: MacNeill, D.
name: Stiehl, G. M.
name: Guimaraes, M. H. D.
name: Buhrman, R. A.
name: Park, J.
name: Ralph, D. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent discoveries regarding current-induced spin-orbit torques produced by heavy-metal/ferromagnet and topological-insulator/ferromagnet bilayers provide the potential for dramatically-improved efficiency in the manipulation of magnetic devices. However, in experiments performed to date, spin-orbit torques have an important limitation -- the component of torque that can compensate magnetic damping is required by symmetry to lie within the device plane. This means that spin-orbit torques can drive the most current-efficient type of magnetic reversal (antidamping switching) only for magnetic devices with in-plane anisotropy, not the devices with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy that are needed for high-density applications. Here we show experimentally that this state of affairs is not fundamental, but rather one can change the allowed symmetries of spin-orbit torques in spin-source/ferromagnet bilayer devices by using a spin source material with low crystalline symmetry. We use WTe2, a transition-metal dichalcogenide whose surface crystal structure has only one mirror plane and no two-fold rotational invariance. Consistent with these symmetries, we generate an out-of-plane antidamping torque when current is applied along a low-symmetry axis of WTe2/Permalloy bilayers, but not when current is applied along a high-symmetry axis. Controlling S-O torques by crystal symmetries in multilayer samples provides a new strategy for optimizing future magnetic technologies.
Efficient and compact source of tuneable ultrafast deep ultraviolet laser pulses at 50 kHz repetition rate
Creators: name: Brahms, Christian
name: Travers, John C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Deep ultraviolet (DUV) laser pulses with tuneable wavelength and very short duration are a key enabling technology for next-generation technology and ultrafast science. Their generation has been the subject of extensive experimental effort, but no technique demonstrated thus far has been able to meet all requirements in one light source. Here we demonstrate a bright, efficient, and compact source of tuneable deep ultraviolet ultrafast laser pulses based on resonant dispersive wave emission in hollow capillary fibre. In a total footprint of only 120 x 75 cm, including the ytterbium-based drive laser, we generate pulses between 208 nm and 363 nm at 50 kHz repetition rate with a total efficiency of up to 3.6%. Down-scaling of the DUV generation reduces the required energy sufficiently to enable the generation of two-colour few-femtosecond DUV pulses.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Transport Properties of a Single Plasmon Interacting with a Hybrid Exciton of a Metal Nanoparticle-Semiconductor Quantum Dot System Coupled to Plasmonic Waveguide
Creators: name: Kim, Nam-Chol
name: Ko, Myong-Chol
name: Hao, Zhong-Hua
name: Zhou, Li
name: Li, Jian-Bo
name: Wang, Qu-Quan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transport properties of a single plasmon interacting with a hybrid system composed of a semiconductor quantum dot (SQD) and a metal nanoparticle (MNP) coupled to one-dimensional surface plasmonic waveguide are investigated theoretically via the real-space approach. We considered that the MNP-SQD interaction leads to the formation of a hybrid exciton and the transmission and reflection of a single incident plasmon could be controlled by adjusting the frequency of the classical control field applied to the MNP-SQD hybrid nanosystem, the kinds of metallic nanoparticles and the background media, respectively. The transport properties of a single plasmon interacting with such a hybrid nanosystem discussed here could find the applications in the design of next-generation quantum devices such as single photon switching and nanomirrors, and in quantum information processing.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures
High-Precision Method for Modeling I-V Characteristics of Photovoltaic Panel
Creators: name: Kohno, T.
name: Nakamura, A.
name: Tsuchiya, R.
name: Morikawa, K.
name: Miyazaki, S.
name: Suzuki, K.
name: Nakamura, T.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3364-3368
description: A new high-precision modeling method for estimating the power of photovoltaic (PV) panels was
proposed. The modeling method is based on a parameter-setting flow with calculation of dispersion sensitivity and
temperature coefficient using only open-circuit voltage (Voc), short-circuit current (Isc), maximum-power-operation
voltage (Vpmax), and maximum-power-operation current (Ipmax) under standard conditions (298 K and 1 kW/m2) of
PV panels. This method is applied to multi-crystalline silicon solar modules and strings with partial shadow in field
exposure. It was experimentally shown that the precision of modeled I-V characteristics of a PV panel is higher
than 99%.
Financial Trading Decisions based on Deep Fuzzy Self-Organizing Map
Creators: name: Dehao, Pei
name: Chao, Luo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The volatility features of financial data would considerably change in different periods, that is one of the main factors affecting the applications of machine learning in quantitative trading. Therefore, to effectively distinguish fluctuation patterns of financial markets can provide meaningful information for the trading decision. In this article, a novel intelligent trading system based on deep fuzzy self-organizing map (DFSOM) companied with GRU networks is proposed, where DFSOM is utilized for the clustering of financial data to acquire multiple fluctuation patterns in an unsupervised way. Firstly, in order to capture the trend features and evade the effect of high noises in financial data, the images of extended candlestick charts instead of raw data are processed and the obtained features are applied for the following unsupervised learning, where candlestick charts are produced with both price and volume information. Secondly, by using the candlestick features, a two-layer deep fuzzy self-organizing map is constructed to carry out the clustering, where two-layer models carry out the clustering in multiple time scales to improve the processing of time-dependent information. Thirdly, GRU networks are used to implement the prediction task, based on which an intelligent trading model is constructed. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method are verified by using various real financial data sets.
Advanced Module Fabrication of Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells Using Anisotropic Conductive Film Method
Creators: name: Choi, J.-H.
name: Kim, S.-K.
name: Lee, J.-C.
name: Park, H.
name: Lee, W.-J.
name: Cho, E.-C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3302-3304
description: In order to increase the efficiency of silicon heterojunction(SHJ) solar cells, surface defects on Si wafer should be minimized and high carrier lifetime of n-type Si should be maintained by a-Si passivation. Absorption loss at Transparent Conducting Oxide (TCO) layer should be minimized. Also resistivity of electrodes including TCO layer should be minimized. In addition, a proper module fabrication technology should be needed for SHJ solar cells. In this study, manufacturing technologies of a SHJ solar cell were investigated to achieve higher efficiency. An alternative module interconnection process, Anisotropic Conductive Film(ACF) method, was studied and the module reliability was verified by the damp heat test.
Informationally complete measures of quantum entanglement
Creators: name: Jin, Zhi-Xiang
name: Fei, Shao-Ming
name: Li-Jost, Xianqing
name: Qiao, Cong-Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although quantum entanglement has already been verified experimentally and applied in quantum computing, quantum sensing and quantum networks, most of the existing measures cannot characterize the entanglement faithfully. In this work, by exploiting the Schmidt decomposition of a bipartite state $|ψ\rangle_{AB}$, we first establish a one-to-one correspondence relation between the characteristic polynomial of the reduced state $ρ_A$ and the polynomials its trace. Then we introduce a family of entanglement measures which are given by the complete eigenvalues of the reduced density matrices of the system. Specific measures called informationally complete entanglement measures (ICEMs) are presented to illustrate the advantages. It is demonstrated that such ICEMs can characterize finer and distinguish better the entanglement than existing well-known entanglement measures. They also give rise to criteria of state transformations under local operation and classical communication. Moreover, we show that the ICEMs can be efficiently estimated on a quantum computer. The fully separability, entanglement and genuine multipartite entanglement can detected faithfully on quantum devices.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Advanced Front Side Metallization for Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells Based on a Fully Plated Contact
Creators: name: Bartsch, J.
name: Mondon, A.
name: Godejohann, B.-J.
name: Hörteis, M.
name: Glunz, S.W.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 1978-1983
description: Nickel-Silicon contact systems have been studied intensively on shallow industrial emitters, with
special focus on the contact formation step. Two different means of antireflexion-coating (ARC) ablation, dry laser
ablation and inkjet-masking and etching have been used. Nickel layers have been applied by electroless and lightinduced
plating (LIP) processes, and have been reinforced with LIP silver or copper. The plating process and the
thermal silicide formation step have been varied for the electroless deposition process, making a statistical evaluation
of the results. The nickel layer deposited by LIP has been found to form a good contact to silicon easier than the
electroless nickel. This is contrary to earlier findings, and attributed to the use of a new electrolyte. Longer nickel
plating durations have led to better results for subsequent silver plating. The best solar cells (Cz, 5x5 cm²) created
reach efficiencies above 17%. The adhesion has generally been found to be higher for laser-ablated cells. The impact
of the nickel contact formation on the junction has been studied by measuring the pseudo fill-factor (pFF). For
relatively mild thermal steps, moderate losses in pFF have been found, yielding the best results.
Influence of Thermal Annealing on the Structure and Optical Properties of D.C. Magnetron Sputtered Antimony Doped Tin Oxide (ATO)/Titanium Dioxide Bilayers
Creators: name: Montero, J.
name: Guillén, C.
name: Herrero, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics : New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
New Materials, Cells and Modules

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 384-387
description: TiO2 occurs in three crystalline structures: rutile, anatase and brookite (metastable phase). The
objective of the present work is to obtain anatase TiO2 thin films because of its high photocatalytic properties and
wide application as a solar energy material. On this way, TiO2 is deposited at two different oxygen flow ratios over
ATO coated substrates (ATO/SLG glass), and different post deposition annealing processes have been performed.
The similarity between ATO/TiO2 lattices (both belong to the tetragonal system) is expected to improve the structural
properties of TiO2 but also the electrical properties of ATO (resistivity of about 3.3x10-3 Wcm) will allow it to act as
an electrical contact. The structural and optical properties of the single TiO2 and double ATO/TiO2 layers have been
studied by means of their XRD diffraction patterns and optical transmittance and reflectance measurements. It has
been confirmed that an ATO coated substrate allows the crystallization of as-deposited TiO2.
Superradiant instabilities of asymptotically anti-de Sitter black holes
Creators: name: Green, Stephen R.
name: Hollands, Stefan
name: Ishibashi, Akihiro
name: Wald, Robert M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the linear stability of asymptotically anti-de Sitter black holes in general relativity in spacetime dimension $d\ge4$. Our approach is an adaptation of the general framework of Hollands and Wald, which gives a stability criterion in terms of the sign of the canonical energy, $\mathcal{E}$. The general framework was originally formulated for static or stationary and axisymmetric black holes in the asymptotically flat case, and the stability analysis for that case applies only to axisymmetric perturbations. However, in the asymptotically anti-de Sitter case, the stability analysis requires only that the black hole have a single Killing field normal to the horizon and there are no restrictions on the perturbations (apart from smoothness and appropriate behavior at infinity). For an asymptotically anti-de Sitter black hole, we define an ergoregion to be a region where the horizon Killing field is spacelike; such a region, if present, would normally occur near infinity. We show that for black holes with ergoregions, initial data can be constructed such that $\mathcal{E}<0$, so all such black holes are unstable. To obtain such initial data, we first construct an approximate solution to the constraint equations using the WKB method, and then we use the Corvino-Schoen technique to obtain an exact solution. We also discuss the case of charged asymptotically anti-de Sitter black holes with generalized ergoregions.
description: 24 pages
Control of Texturized Silicon Substrates Surface Passivation for a-Si:H/c-Si Heterojunction Solar Cells
Creators: name: Danel, A.
name: Hickel, P.E.
name: Souche, F.
name: Salvetat, T.
name: Letiec, Y.
name: Nolan, T.
name: Ribeyron, P.J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 1951-1954
description: Surface passivation tests by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition of hydrogenated amorphous
silicon (PECVD a-Si:H) films were performed on texturized 125 mm pseudo square n-type crystalline silicon (c-Si)
wafers to i) develop cleaning processes dedicated to a-Si:H/c-Si heterojunction (HJ) 148 cm2 solar cells and ii) to
monitor a HJ pilot line. Implied open circuit voltage (Voc) up to 740 mV and effective surface recombination
velocity (Seff) down to 8 cm.s-1, as measured by quasi-stady state photo conductivity decay have been obtained using
RCA and HF -based cleaning sequences. This high level of surface passivation allowed a better than 19% conversion
efficiency baseline of HJ cells (19.6% best cell). Also, a cost effective and high throughput alternative cleaning,
without RCA steps, has been developed using the passivation tests and was validated on HJ solar cells. Similar
implied Voc and Seff were obtained while a slight improvement of cell performance was measured. Regarding the HJ
line monitoring by passivation tests, a correlation between Voc and Seff of control wafers and cell performance was
found, despite the other process steps than the wet ones impact the performance. This allows to some extent the
prediction of cell performance and troubleshooting actions on the wet equipments.
Improved Emitters by Dry Etching
Creators: name: Seiffe, J.
name: Khandelwal, R.
name: Clement, C.
name: Jäger, U.
name: Hofmann, M.
name: Rentsch, J.
name: Preu, R.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 1965-1968
description: A selective emitter by means of lowly doped regions with a low saturation current between the contact
fingers and highly doped regions below the fingers can significantly improve the cell efficiency of crystalline silicon
solar cells. A low saturation current could be achieved for diffused emitters by etching back the surface layer containing
the high concentration of electrical inactive phosphorous (“dead-layer”). The significant benefit of
performing this etch-process with plasma is the possibility to include it in one vacuum chamber with a subsequent
anti-reflection coating (ARC). In this work a homogeneous etch-back of the emitter by means of SF6-plasma-etching
is presented. The passivation quality of a silicon nitride ARC and of a silicon-rich silicon oxynitride / silicon nitride
double layer ARC deposited on plasma-etched emitters is investigated. Emitter saturation currents down to
J0e = 57 fA/cm2 are achieved.