cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Data for: A persistent influence of supernovae on biodiversity over the Phanerozoic
Creators: name: Svensmark, Henrik
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Supernovae
Biodiversity change
Phanerozoic

description: Paper abstract: It is an open question what has constrained macro-evolutionary changes of marine animal diversity on the time scale of the Phanerozoic. Here we will show that supernovae appear to have significantly influenced the biodiversity of life. After normalizing diversity curves of major animal marine genera by the changes in the area of shallow marine margins, a close correlation between supernovae frequency and biodiversity is obtained. The interpretation is that supernovae influence Earth's climate, which controls the ocean and atmospheric circulation of nutrients. With this, supernovae influence ocean bioproductivity and are speculated to affect genera-level diversity. The implication is a surprisingly influential role of stellar processes on evolution. Data provided: Here is the R-code to extract data from "The Paleobiology Database" (https://paleobiodb.org) and calculate genius-level diversity curves used in the study. In addition, are data files on temporal changes in the areas of shallow marine margins used to normalize the genus-level diversity curves.
description: 5 text files: The first four files are estimates of shallow marine areas over the last 400 million years, together with a file of sea-level over the Phanerozoic Tropics_area.dat South_area.dat North_area.dat Global_area.dat SealevelHaq.dat One pdf file giving information on the parameters in the R-data files Parameters_in_the_R_datafile.pdf Statistical program R files with Rdata file and one "comma separated value" file with geological stages divided into temporal bins. Major_Marine_Animals.R All_Marine_animals.R Marine_Major_Animal_Groups_21Sep2020.RData all_2022_04_09_paleoDB.RData bin_keys.csv Funding provided by: Danmarks Tekniske Universitet
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100005192
Award Number:
description: This work used the statistical methods collected in the R-program package "divDyn" to construct diversity curves of major animal marine genera. (Kocsis, A. T., Reddin, C. J., Alroy, J. & Kiessling, W. R. r package divdyn for quantifying diversity dynamics using fossil sampling data. Methods in Ecology and Evolution 10, 735–743, DOI: 10.1111/2041-210X.13161 (2019)). The two data sets extracted from the "The Paleobiology Database" are provided as files. Area of shallow marine margins is extracted from Paleogeographic maps using the study: Area of shallow marine margins are extracted from Paleogeographic maps. (Cao, W. et al. Improving global paleogeography since the late paleozoic using paleobiology. Biogeosciences 14, 5425–5439, DOI: 10.5194/bg-14-5425-2017 (2017)) Further information is provided in: A persistent influence of supernovae on biodiversity over the Phanerozoic, DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9898
The Fat Decimator System Ebook: How to lose weight
Creators: name: Coolper, Kyle
Publisher: name: SMN - The ScienceMedia Network
Year: 2018
Subjects: Natural Sciences
Biology

description: The Fat Decimator System is a brand-new weight loss program that cleanses the body and sheds unwanted fat quickly and safely. It allows almost anyone to lose 21 lbs in just 21 days – or more than a pound a day! http://bit.ly/click-here-for-fat-decimator-system-official-website

Based on more than a decade of research spanning over 500 medical studies as well as almost three years of real-world testing, this program has the results – and the science – to back it up.

Kyle Cooper, creator of The Fat Decimator System, is a former marine and a certified trainer who has been training soldiers in the military and civilians to get in their best shape possible for the past 10 years.

This program is based on a chance meeting with a Korean medical student while serving in Afghanistan. This man introduced Gunny Cooper to a whole new way of looking at weight loss and health and it’s revolutionized the way that he trains his clients and how he’s been able to help tens of thousands of people regain the bodies they’ve desperately missed.

This system peels back the veil on weight loss by dispelling the myths and showing you the science behind how the body works and how to work in harmony with your body’s natural fat burning abilities to rapidly, safely and permanently shed unsightly and unhealthy pounds.

This comprehensive book is broken down into three different sections:

Diet: This portion of The Fat Decimator System outlines the importance of detoxifying the body before weight loss efforts, why toxins can hold your metabolism back, and the overall benefits of a cleansed system for both the body and mind. What’s more, it outlines in detail which energy-rich foods previously considered ‘bad for you’ can help your burn fat faster than ever before.

Exercise: The exercise section is designed to complement the diet portion of The Fat Decimator System. It consists of a variety of supercharged exercises that will help melt body fat even faster. Coupled with the metabolism-boosting diet, these quick and effective routines have the potential to almost double the weight loss results. http://bit.ly/click-here-for-fat-decimator-system-official-website

Willpower, Motivation, and Mindset: This third section delves into some of the most common myths about willpower and how truly understanding the underlying realities of motivation can revolutionize your weight loss – and your life. It’s a vital part of this program and, for many, has helped them lose weight fast and keep it off for good.

These three elements combined create one of the most comprehensive and easy-to-use fat loss programs to date. People all over the world are already using it to lose weight quickly and easily while living a healthier and happier life along the way.

To tap into the secrets about weight loss that have been hidden for so long, visit Kyle’s website and watch his free presentation today. http://bit.ly/click-here-for-fat-decimator-system-official-website
Maps of the Little Bangs Through Energy Density and Temperature Fluctuations
Creators: name: Basu, Sumit
name: Chatterjee, Rupa
name: Nandi, Basanta K.
name: Nayak, Tapan K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter we propose for the first time to map the heavy-ion collisions at ultra-relativistic energies, similar to the maps of the cosmic microwave background radiation, using fluctuations of energy density and temperature in small phase space bins. We study the evolution of fluctuations at each stage of the collision using an event-by-event hydrodynamic framework. We demonstrate the feasibility of making fluctuation maps from experimental data and its usefulness in extracting considerable information regarding the early stages of the collision and its evolution.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
أثر القدرات التسويقية على الآداء السوقي للمؤسسات لتحقيق التنافسية-دراسة عينة من المؤسسات الجزائرية-
Creators: name: Khaled, Gachi
name: Laradi Sofiane
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 150505 Marketing Research Methodology
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على أثر القدرات التسويقية العملياتية (إدارة التسعير، إدارة المنتجات، إدارة قنوات التوزيع، إدارة الاتصال التسويقي، إدارة القوة البيعية) والقدرات التسويقية الاستراتيجية (إدارة المعلومات التسويقية، التخطيط التسويقي، التنفيذ التسويقي) على الأداء السوقي للمؤسسات (مكانة منتجات المؤسسة في السوق بالمقارنة مع المنافسين) لتحقيق التنافسية لعينة من المؤسسات الجزائرية. إذ صممت استبانة لهذا الغرض وزعت على عينة ملائمة تتكون من (11) مؤسسة شملت العديد من المفردات بلغت 141 استبانة صالحة للتحليل، ولاختبار فرضيات الدراسة فقد استخدم تحليل الانحدار البسيط والانحدار المتعدد. وتحاول الدراسة الإجابة على التساؤل التالي: ما طبيعة الأثر بين القدرات التسويقية والأداء السوقي للمؤسسات الجزائرية وصولا إلى تحقيق تنافسية في قطاع الأعمال، ومن أهم النتائج التي تم التوصل إليها: ? إجمالي أبعاد القدرات التسويقية العملياتية -أي مختلف الأبعاد القدرات التسويقية العملياتية مجتمعة- بإمكانها تفسير ما نسبنه 58.9% من الأداء السوقي الذي حققه المؤسسات المدروسة وفقا لتقييم المبحوثين. ? إجمالي أبعاد القدرات التسويقية الإستراتيجية -أي مختلف الأبعاد القدرات التسويقية الاستراتيجية مجتمعة- بإمكانها تفسير نسبته 29.9% من الأداء السوقي. وقد أوصت الدراسة بضرورة تفعيل عملية تحديد جوانب القدرات التسويقية المحتملة التي يمكن للمؤسسات من خلالها الاستجابة للبيئة التسويقية غير المستقرة، فكشف المؤسسات عن جوانب تسويقية تملك فيها مهارات ومعارف عالية يمكن أن تحقق ميزة تنافسية في مجالها، مثل قدرات إدارة العلاقة مع الزبائن، قدرات ادارة العلامات التجارية،
Kyle Cooper’s Fat Decimator System Review
Creators: name: Coolper, Kyle
Publisher: name: SMN - The ScienceMedia Network
Year: 2018
Subjects: Natural Sciences
Biology

description: Fat Decimator System is a 131-page program that is based on more than a decade of research. Focusing on how the human body works, this guide will help you shed that stubborn belly fat you just can’t seem to get rid of. Broken down into three components, you will need to focus on diet, exercise, and your motivational mindset. As you lose weight, you’ll improve your health — it’s a win-win. http://bit.ly/click-here-for-fat-decimator-system-official-website

Fat Decimator System is based on years of research, over 500 medical studies, and real-world testing. Helping users shed belly fat quickly and safely, this program is truly one-of-a-kind. As long as you follow the system as directed, you will lose up to 20 pounds in just 3 weeks! Best of all, you will learn why you are doing what you’re doing.

WHAT IS THE FAT DECIMATOR SYSTEM?
At its core, the Fat Decimator System is a weight loss program.

HOW WILL I BENEFIT FROM THE FAT DECIMATOR SYSTEM?
If you have been trying to lose weight, you know that it is a tough journey. Whenever possible, it’s encouraging to find programs that are not only effective, but interesting. This is exactly what you will experience when ordering the Fat Decimator System. After all, it was developed based on years of scientific research and real-world testing. http://bit.ly/click-here-for-fat-decimator-system-official-website

By investing in this system, you will be provided with the tools you need to succeed. Best of all, as you lose weight, you’ll also support your long-term health. From the power of superfoods to the importance of exercise, this program will help you build healthy, sustainable habits.

In terms of the program itself, it is so well-researched and the layout is beautifully designed. This makes the program itself enjoyable to read — you won’t want to put it down! Once you’re finished, you can then continue learning based on the four included bonus materials: The Fastest Weight Loss Week Action Plan; 100 Great-Tasting Green Smoothies; Powerful Sex Foods and Stimulants; and the 3-Minute Belly Shrinker Video Series.

IN CONCLUSION
Busting belly fat no longer needs to feel like an impossible task. You CAN take control of your weight and health. Although this system is highly effective, if you’re still unsure, know that this system comes with a money-back guarantee. That is how confident Kyle is that you will achieve the results you desire.

You no longer need to be a slave to your belly fat. It’s time to think about your health and future. Invest in the Fat Decimator today! You can order online here and before you know it, you’ll be on your way to true weight loss success! http://bit.ly/click-here-for-fat-decimator-system-official-website
Chemicals of concern: a prioritisation and early warning system for England
Creators: name: Sims, Kerry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Chemicals
Prioritisation
Early Warning System

description: Addressing Chemicals of Emerging Concern is a global challenge. There are more than 350,000 chemicals and mixtures of chemicals registered for production or use (1), and that number is predicted to double by 2030. The UK Government's 25-Year Environment Plan (2) highlights the need for early identification of chemicals of concern, so that effective intervention can be undertaken prior to damage being caused to the environment, wildlife, or human health. To address this chemical challenge, the Environment Agency (EA) have developed a Prioritisation and Early Warning System (PEWS) for England.
description: Published in the Royal Society of Chemistry Environmental Chemistry Bulletin. ECG Environmental Brief No. 35. https://www.rsc.org/globalassets/03-membership-community/connect-with-others/through-interests/interest-groups/environmental/bulletins/july-2022-bulletin-ecg.pdf
description: {"references": ["Z. Wang, G. W. Walker, D. C. G. Muir, K. Nagatani-Yoshida, Environ. Sci. Technol. 54 (5), 2575 - 2584 (2020)", "25-Year Environment Plan, https://www.gov.uk/ government/publications/25-year-environment-plan (accessed February 2022).", "W. J. Sutherland, et al., Trends Ecol. Evol. 37 (1), 95- 104 (2022).", "NORMAN network factsheets database, https:// www.norman-network.com/nds/factsheets/ (accessed February 2022).", "Open Data Link to Environment Agency Target Scan Data, https://data.gov.uk/dataset/0c63b33e-0e34- 45bb-a779-16a8c3a4b3f7/water-quality-monitoring- data-gc-ms-and-lc-ms-semi-quantitative-screen, (accessed July 2022)."]}
Kyle Cooper’s Fat Decimator System Recipes
Creators: name: Coolper, Kyle
Publisher: name: SMN - The ScienceMedia Network
Year: 2018
Subjects: Natural Sciences
Biology

description: As usual, today, before a gym, I’ve tried making few Fat decimator recipes, and one of them was particularly good. And, it got me thinking about biggest obstacles while losing weight.. Let me tell you, surprisingly, it isn’t always pizza.

It’s giving up. If you’ve ever been intimidated by a transformation journey, or cannot find the motivation to keep going- you are not alone.

Are you one of those people? You know.. One of those who have been wondering about… How to be able to get rid of the excessive amount of fat from your body. … If yes.. then.. Keep reading.

Of course, I was there too. In the first place, there are a lot of weight loss programs that you can find these days. As a matter of fact, all these programs share something in common. They make you to “eat” only a soup for a month.

Most Diets Simply Do Not Work
Why those diets don’t work? Well, at first, because they are too hard to follow. Secondly, there’s too many of them, so how to find the best one? In fact, only by simply reading online reviews about the different dietary programs online. Among all of them, one name stands out, that is the Fat Decimator Diet. This program has scientific analysis behind it. Also, it is easy to follow, and there is extensive amount of scientific research behind it… Another key point, it has 1-on-1 coaching with Kyle Cooper – author of the program itself!

Fat Decimator Recipes – The Only Science Based Food List
So, do the fat decimator recipes ensure that you can get rid of fat fast? Well, to begin with, these recipes are done in consultation with some of the leading nutritionists and experts. As well as, it already have been tried and tested by many people. With this in mind, there’s not a single negative review about this diet. Zero… Nada! Well, of course, I’ve tried it too.. And I can proudly say, that I’m all over the heels about fat decimator. Well.. Even my friends started calling me”decimator nut” already. Because, I just can’t stop talking about how this diet is the best thing after sliced bread. Actually they are the ones, who encouraged me to create this blog.. yey

Perfect Diet
Why? Well, simply because the fat decimator system recipes have been proven to work, not only by science, but by thousands and thousands of people already. In my personal opinion, this is the only diet, that have delicious recipes, meal plans, and perfect system. So, not only would you be able to get best results within the shortest time possible, but there would be no days where you would feel that you are hungry, or can’t follow the diet anymore.. As soon as you’ll try one of the recipes included in the fat decimator, I’m hundred percent sure, you won’t ever go back to junk food!

No Risk Involved
All in all, this program has no questions asked 60-day money back guarantee.. So why do not give it a try? In other words, You owe it to yourself and can’t miss such a great opportunity. So don’t sleep, take action now http://bit.ly/nextfatdec
NOTES
Creators: name: Rouse, E
name: Easterbrook, B D
name: Hall, R V
name: Egan, G
name: Green, Miranda J
name: Pike, Andrew
name: Woodfield, Charmian
name: Farley, Michael
name: Richards, Peter
name: Pavry, F H
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2023

description: Records of Buckinghamshire, 20 (4), 665-677
description: A wall painting at 21 High Street, High Wycombe; A medieval earthwork at Stokenchurch; A copper-alloy statuette found near Chalfont St Peter; A Buckinghamshire cloth seal; A Romano-British face-urn fragment from the Bancroft Roman villa, Milton Keynes; A twelfth-century lead bulla from Missenden Abbey; A Roman site at Walton, Milton Keynes: Supplementary note on the pottery; A middle Bronze Age 'chisel' from Ivinghoe; The railway company's school at Wolverton; Bledlow Cross; AND The Museum
Geometric time in quantum cosmology
Creators: name: Pawłowski, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Various choices of the geometry degrees of freedom as the emergent time are tested on the model of an isotropic universe with a scalar field of $ϕ^2$ potential. Potential problems with each choices as well as possible applications in loop quantization are discussed.
description: 3 pages, To appear in Proceedings of the 13th Marcel Grossmann Meeting (MG13), Stockholm, Sweden, 1-7 July 2012
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF IRRIGATION SCHEMES: A CASE STUDY OF JARI AND ALOMA SMALL-SCALE IRRIGATION SCHEMES, TEHULEDERE DISTRICT, ETHIOPIA
Creators: name: SOLOMON WONDATIR TAYE
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016

description: Irrigation scheme performance assessment is vital to evaluate the impacts of irrigation

practices, to identify performance gaps and to improve system performances. However,

the performance of Jari and Aloma Small Scale Irrigation (SSI) schemes was not assessed

since its operation. Therefore, this study was carried out to evaluate the water delivery,

on-farm water management and organizational performances of the two SSI schemes.

Secondary data from different reports and primary data through field measurements,

household surveys, key informant interviews and group discussions were collected.

CROPWAT 8.0 model, SPSS and GIS software were used to analyze the data. The result

of this study revealed that, the overall canal water delivery efficiencies of Jari and Aloma

SSI schemes were 66% and 59%, respectively. Majority of the respondents, 37% in Jari

and 61.9% in Alom, reflected that the maintenance condition of irrigation infrastructures

was bad. From the respondents 45.5% in Jari and 50% in Aloma described that illegal

water abstraction accounts the primary cause for unfair water distributions. The ratios of

relative water supply and the relative irrigation water supply were almost equal to 1 at

both SSI schemes.
Amino Acid Interaction Network Prediction using Multi-objective Optimization
Creators: name: Hawlader, Md. Shiplu
name: Tareeq, Saifuddin Md.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Protein can be represented by amino acid interaction network. This network is a graph whose vertices are the proteins amino acids and whose edges are the interactions between them. This interaction network is the first step of proteins three-dimensional structure prediction. In this paper we present a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm for interaction prediction and ant colony probabilistic optimization algorithm is used to confirm the interaction.
Handling Background in IXPE polarimetric data
Creators: name: Di Marco, Alessandro
name: Soffitta, Paolo
name: Costa, Enrico
name: Ferrazzoli, Riccardo
name: La Monaca, Fabio
name: Rankin, John
name: Ratheesh, Ajay
name: Xie, Fei
name: Baldini, Luca
name: Del Monte, Ettore
name: Ehlert, Steven R.
name: Fabiani, Sergio
name: Kim, Dawoon E.
name: Muleri, Fabio
name: O'Dell, Stephen L.
name: Ramsey, Brian D.
name: Rubini, Alda
name: Sgrò, Carmelo
name: Silvestri, Stefano
name: Tennant, Allyn F.
name: Weisskopf, Martin C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: IXPE (Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer) is a Small Explorer mission by NASA and ASI, launched on December 9$^{th}$ 2021, dedicated to investigating X-ray polarimetry allowing angular-, time- and energy-resolved observations in the 2--8 keV energy band. IXPE is in Science Observation phase since January 2022; it comprises of three identical telescopes with grazing-incidence mirrors, each one having in the focal plane a Gas Pixel Detector (GPD). In this paper, we present a possible guideline to obtain an optimal background selection in polarimetric analysis, and a rejection strategy to remove instrumental background. This work is based on the analysis of IXPE observations, aiming to improve as much as possible the polarimetric sensitivity. In particular, the developed strategies have been applied ``as a case study'' to the IXPE observation of the 4U 0142+61 magnetar.
Lipschitz regularity of the eigenfunctions on optimal domains
Creators: name: Bucur, Dorin
name: Mazzoleni, Dario
name: Pratelli, Aldo
name: Velichkov, Bozhidar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the optimal sets $Ω^\ast\subset\mathbb{R}^d$ for spectral functionals $F\big(λ_1(Ω),\dots,λ_p(Ω)\big)$, which are bi-Lipschitz with respect to each of the eigenvalues $λ_1(Ω),\dots,λ_p(Ω)$ of the Dirichlet Laplacian on $Ω$, a prototype being the problem $$ \min{\big\{λ_1(Ω)+\dots+ λ_p(Ω)\;:\;Ω\subset\mathbb{R}^d,\ |Ω|=1\big\}}. $$ We prove the Lipschitz regularity of the eigenfunctions $u_1,\dots,u_p$ of the Dirichlet Laplacian on the optimal set $Ω^*$ and, as a corollary, we deduce that $Ω^*$ is open. For functionals depending only on a generic subset of the spectrum, as for example $λ_k(Ω)$ or $λ_{k_1}(Ω)+\dots+λ_{k_p}(Ω)$, our result proves only the existence of a Lipschitz continuous eigenfunction in correspondence to each of the eigenvalues involved.
Early Observations and Analysis of the Type Ia SN 2014J in M82
Creators: name: Marion, G. H.
name: Sand, D. J.
name: Hsiao, E. Y.
name: Banerjee, D. P. K.
name: Valenti, S.
name: Stritzinger, M. D.
name: Vinkó, J.
name: Joshi, V.
name: Venkataraman, V.
name: Ashok, N. M.
name: Amanullah, R.
name: Binzel, R. P.
name: Bochanski, J. J.
name: Bryngelson, G. L.
name: Burns, C. R.
name: Drozdov, D.
name: Fieber-Beyer, S. K.
name: Graham, M. L.
name: Howell, D. A.
name: Johansson, J.
name: Kirshner, R. P.
name: Milne, P. A.
name: Parrent, J.
name: Silverman, J. M.
name: Vervack, R. J.
name: Wheeler, J. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present optical and near infrared (NIR) observations of the nearby Type Ia SN 2014J. Seventeen optical and twenty-three NIR spectra were obtained from 10 days before ($-$10d) to 10 days after (+10d) the time of maximum $B$-band brightness. The relative strengths of absorption features and their patterns of development can be compared at one day intervals throughout most of this period. Carbon is not detected in the optical spectra, but we identify CI $λ$ 1.0693 in the NIR spectra. We find that MgII lines with high oscillator strengths have higher initial velocities than other MgII lines. We show that the velocity differences can be explained by differences in optical depths due to oscillator strengths. The spectra of SN 2014J show it is a normal SN Ia, but many parameters are near the boundaries between normal and high-velocity subclasses. The velocities for OI, MgII, SiII, SII, CaII and FeII suggest that SN 2014J has a layered structure with little or no mixing. That result is consistent with the delayed detonation explosion models. We also report photometric observations, obtained from $-$10d to +29d, in the $UBVRIJH$ and $K_s$ bands. SN 2014J is about 3 magnitudes fainter than a normal SN Ia at the distance of M82, which we attribute to extinction in the host. The template fitting package SNooPy is used to interpret the light curves and to derive photometric parameters. Using $R_V$ = 1.46, which is consistent with previous studies, SNooPy finds that $A_V = 1.80$ for $E(B-V)_{host}=1.23 \pm 0.01$ mag. The maximum $B$-band brightness of $-19.19 \pm 0.10$ mag was reached on February 1.74 UT $ \pm 0.13$ days and the supernova had a decline parameter of $Δm_{15}=1.11 \pm 0.02$ mag.
description: 6 figures, 6 tables, submitted to the ApJ
Complex Network for Complex Problems: A comparative study of CNN and Complex-valued CNN
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Soumick
name: Tummala, Pavan
name: Speck, Oliver
name: Nürnberger, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Neural networks, especially convolutional neural networks (CNN), are one of the most common tools these days used in computer vision. Most of these networks work with real-valued data using real-valued features. Complex-valued convolutional neural networks (CV-CNN) can preserve the algebraic structure of complex-valued input data and have the potential to learn more complex relationships between the input and the ground-truth. Although some comparisons of CNNs and CV-CNNs for different tasks have been performed in the past, a large-scale investigation comparing different models operating on different tasks has not been conducted. Furthermore, because complex features contain both real and imaginary components, CV-CNNs have double the number of trainable parameters as real-valued CNNs in terms of the actual number of trainable parameters. Whether or not the improvements in performance with CV-CNN observed in the past have been because of the complex features or just because of having double the number of trainable parameters has not yet been explored. This paper presents a comparative study of CNN, CNNx2 (CNN with double the number of trainable parameters as the CNN), and CV-CNN. The experiments were performed using seven models for two different tasks - brain tumour classification and segmentation in brain MRIs. The results have revealed that the CV-CNN models outperformed the CNN and CNNx2 models.
Phonon-induced topological insulation
Creators: name: Saha, Kush
name: Garate, Ion
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop an approximate theory of phonon-induced topological insulation in Dirac materials. In the weak coupling regime, long wavelength phonons may favor topological phases in Dirac insulators with direct and narrow bandgaps. This phenomenon originates from electron-phonon matrix elements, which change qualitatively under a band inversion. A similar mechanism applies to weak Coulomb interactions and spin-independent disorder; however, the influence of these on band topology is largely independent of temperature. As applications of the theory, we evaluate the temperature-dependence of the critical thickness and the critical stoichiometric ratio for the topological transition in CdTe/HgTe quantum wells and in BiTl(S$_{1-δ}$Se$_δ)_2$, respectively.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures
Czech Academy of Sciences – CoARA Action Plan 2024-2027
Creators: name: Czech Academy of Sciences
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: CoARA
action plan
research assessment
Czech Academy of Sciences
qualitative peer review

description: In accordance with its commitment under the Agreement on Reforming Research Assessment, the Czech Academy of Sciences presents an action plan that will be applied in the process of preparing and implementing the upcoming evaluation of its institutes and their research teams in 2025. The action plan and the impact of the implemented activities will be assessed as part of regular reflection on evaluation after its completion.
Anytime Induction of Low-cost, Low-error Classifiers: a Sampling-based Approach
Creators: name: Esmeir, Saher
name: Markovitch, Shaul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine learning techniques are gaining prevalence in the production of a wide range of classifiers for complex real-world applications with nonuniform testing and misclassification costs. The increasing complexity of these applications poses a real challenge to resource management during learning and classification. In this work we introduce ACT (anytime cost-sensitive tree learner), a novel framework for operating in such complex environments. ACT is an anytime algorithm that allows learning time to be increased in return for lower classification costs. It builds a tree top-down and exploits additional time resources to obtain better estimations for the utility of the different candidate splits. Using sampling techniques, ACT approximates the cost of the subtree under each candidate split and favors the one with a minimal cost. As a stochastic algorithm, ACT is expected to be able to escape local minima, into which greedy methods may be trapped. Experiments with a variety of datasets were conducted to compare ACT to the state-of-the-art cost-sensitive tree learners. The results show that for the majority of domains ACT produces significantly less costly trees. ACT also exhibits good anytime behavior with diminishing returns.
Doctoral thesis recital (piano)
Creators: name: Hourez, Jeanne
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2023
Subjects: Sonatas (Piano)
Variations (Piano)
Toccatas
Piano music

description: Piano sonata / Aaron Copland -- Images, book 1 / Claude Debussy -- Ballade / Kaiji Saariaho -- Theme and variations / Lili Boulanger -- Toccata / Emma Lou Diemer.
Properties of dimension witnesses and their semi-definite programming relaxations
Creators: name: Mironowicz, Piotr
name: Li, Hong-Wei
name: Pawłowski, Marcin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we develop a method for investigating semi-device-independent randomness expansion protocols that was introduced in [Li et al., Phys. Rev. A $\mathbf{87}$, 020302(R) (2013)]. This method allows to lower-bound, with semi-definite programming, the randomness obtained from random number generators based on dimension witnesses. We also investigate the robustness of some randomness expanders using this method. We show the role of an assumption about the trace of the measurement operators and a way to avoid it. The method is also generalized to systems of arbitrary dimension, and for a more general form of dimension witnesses, than it the previous paper. Finally, we introduce a procedure of dimension witness reduction, which can be used to obtain from an existing witness a new one with higher amount of certifiable randomness. The presented methods finds an application for experiments [Ahrens et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. $\mathbf{112}$, 140401 (2014)].
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
Liver Segmentation in Time-resolved C-arm CT Volumes Reconstructed from Dynamic Perfusion Scans using Time Separation Technique
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Soumick
name: Haseljić, Hana
name: Frysch, Robert
name: Kulvait, Vojtěch
name: Semshchikov, Vladimir
name: Hensen, Bennet
name: Wacker, Frank
name: Brüschx, Inga
name: Werncke, Thomas
name: Speck, Oliver
name: Nürnberger, Andreas
name: Rose, Georg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Perfusion imaging is a valuable tool for diagnosing and treatment planning for liver tumours. The time separation technique (TST) has been successfully used for modelling C-arm cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) perfusion data. The reconstruction can be accompanied by the segmentation of the liver - for better visualisation and for generating comprehensive perfusion maps. Recently introduced Turbolift learning has been seen to perform well while working with TST reconstructions, but has not been explored for the time-resolved volumes (TRV) estimated out of TST reconstructions. The segmentation of the TRVs can be useful for tracking the movement of the liver over time. This research explores this possibility by training the multi-scale attention UNet of Turbolift learning at its third stage on the TRVs and shows the robustness of Turbolift learning since it can even work efficiently with the TRVs, resulting in a Dice score of 0.864$\pm$0.004.
Scarcity may promote cooperation in populations of simple agents
Creators: name: Requejo, R. J.
name: Camacho, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In the study of the evolution of cooperation, resource limitations are usually assumed just to provide a finite population size. Recently, however, it has been pointed out that resource limitation may also generate dynamical payoffs able to modify the original structure of the games. Here we study analytically a phase transition from a homogeneous population of defectors when resources are abundant to the survival of unconditional cooperators when resources reduce below a threshold. To this end, we introduce a model of simple agents, with no memory or ability of recognition, interacting in well-mixed populations. The result might shed light on the role played by resource constraints on the origin of multicellularity.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Polarizablity of 2D and 3D conducting objects using method of moments
Creators: name: Shahpari, Morteza
name: Thiel, David V.
name: Lewis, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fundamental antenna limits of the gain-bandwidth product are derived from polarizability calculations. This electrostatic technique has significant value in many antenna evaluations. Polarizability is not available in closed form for most antenna shapes and no commercial electromagnetic packages have this facility. Numerical computation of the polarizability for arbitrary conducting bodies was undertaken using an unstructured triangular mesh over the surface of 2D and 3D objects. Numerical results compare favourably with analytical solutions and can be implemented efficiently for large structures of arbitrary shape.
description: Peer-reviewed article
Satellite operators with distinct iterates in smooth concordance
Creators: name: Ray, Arunima
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M25

description: Let P be a knot in an unknotted solid torus (i.e. a satellite operator or pattern), K a knot in S^3 and P(K) the satellite of K with pattern P. For any satellite operator P, this correspondence gives a function P : C -> C on the set of smooth concordance classes of knots. We give examples of winding number one satellite operators P and a class of knots K, such that the iterated satellites P^i(K) are distinct as smooth concordance classes, i.e. if i=/=j>0, P^i(K)=/=P^j(K), where each P^i is unknotted when considered as a knot in S^3. This implies that the operators P^i give distinct functions on C, providing further evidence for the fractal nature of C. There are several other applications of our result, as follows. By using topologically slice knots K, we obtain infinite families {P^i(K)} of topologically slice knots that are distinct in smooth concordance. We can also obtain infinite families of 2-component links (with unknotted components and linking number one) which are not smoothly concordant to the positive Hopf link. For a large class of L-space knots K (including the positive torus knots), we obtain infinitely many prime knots {P^i(K)} which have the same Alexander polynomial as K but are not themselves L-space knots.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures
Control of magnon-photon coupling by spin torque
Creators: name: Rai, Anish
name: Jungfleisch, M. Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the influence of damping and field-like torques in the magnon-photon coupling process by classically integrating the generalized Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation with RLC equation in which a phase correlation between dynamic magnetization and microwave current through combined Ampère and Faraday effects are considered. We show that the gap between two hybridized modes can be controlled in samples with damping parameter in the order of $10^{-3}$ by changing the direction of the dc current density $J$ if a certain threshold is reached. Our results suggest that an experimental realization of the proposed magnon-photon coupling control mechanism is feasible in yttrium iron garnet/Pt hybrid structures.
Next-to-leading order QCD corrections to ZZ production in association with two jets
Creators: name: Campanario, Francisco
name: Kerner, Matthias
name: Ninh, Le Duc
name: Zeppenfeld, Dieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first calculation of next-to-leading order QCD corrections to QCD-induced ZZ production in association with two jets at hadron colliders. Both Z bosons decay leptonically with all off-shell effects, virtual photon contributions and spin-correlation effects fully taken into account. This process is an important background to weak boson scattering, to the measurement of quartic gauge couplings and to searches for signals of new physics beyond the Standard Model. As expected, the next-to-leading order corrections reduce significantly the scale uncertainty and show a non-trivial phase space dependence in kinematic distributions. Our code will be publicly available as part of the parton level Monte Carlo program VBFNLO.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1402.0505
AND/OR Multi-Valued Decision Diagrams (AOMDDs) for Graphical Models
Creators: name: Mateescu, Robert
name: Dechter, Rina
name: Marinescu, Radu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Inspired by the recently introduced framework of AND/OR search spaces for graphical models, we propose to augment Multi-Valued Decision Diagrams (MDD) with AND nodes, in order to capture function decomposition structure and to extend these compiled data structures to general weighted graphical models (e.g., probabilistic models). We present the AND/OR Multi-Valued Decision Diagram (AOMDD) which compiles a graphical model into a canonical form that supports polynomial (e.g., solution counting, belief updating) or constant time (e.g. equivalence of graphical models) queries. We provide two algorithms for compiling the AOMDD of a graphical model. The first is search-based, and works by applying reduction rules to the trace of the memory intensive AND/OR search algorithm. The second is inference-based and uses a Bucket Elimination schedule to combine the AOMDDs of the input functions via the the APPLY operator. For both algorithms, the compilation time and the size of the AOMDD are, in the worst case, exponential in the treewidth of the graphical model, rather than pathwidth as is known for ordered binary decision diagrams (OBDDs). We introduce the concept of semantic treewidth, which helps explain why the size of a decision diagram is often much smaller than the worst case bound. We provide an experimental evaluation that demonstrates the potential of AOMDDs.
Wide-gap CdTe Strip Detectors for High-Resolution Imaging in Hard X-rays
Creators: name: Nagasawa, Shunsaku
name: Minami, Takahiro
name: Watanabe, Shin
name: Takahashi, Tadayuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new strip configuration for CdTe X-ray detectors, named "Wide-gap CdTe strip detector", in which the gap between adjacent strips is much wider than the width of each strip. It has been known that the observed energies of an incoming photon in adjacent strips can be utilized to achieve a position resolution finer than the strip pitch, if and only if the charge cloud induced by an incoming X-ray photon is split into multiple strips and their energies are accurately measured. However, with existing CdTe strip detectors, the ratio of such charge-sharing events is limited. An idea for a potential breakthrough to greatly enhance the ratio of charge-sharing events is to widen the gaps between strips on the detector. To test the concept, we developed a wide-gap CdTe strip detector, which has 64 platinum strip electrodes on the cathode side with some variations in strip pitches from 60 um (30 um strip and 30 um gap width) to 80 um (30 um strip and 50 um gap width). We evaluated the performance depending on the strip pitches by irradiating X-rays from Am-241 on the detector. The charge loss due to the wider gaps on the detector was found to be significant to the extent that the assumption that the energy of an incoming photon for a charge-sharing event was the simple sum of the energies detected in adjacent strips lead to a significant degradation in the energy resolution in the accumulated spectrum, compared with those obtained with its predecessor having standard gap-widths. We then developed a new energy-reconstruction method to compensate for the charge loss. Application of the method to the data yielded a spectrum with a comparable spectral resolution with that of the predecessor. The ratio of the charge-sharing events for 17.8 keV events was doubled from that of the predecessor, from 24.3 to 49.9 percent.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in NIMA
NEUT Pion Final State Interactions
Creators: name: de Perio, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pion final state interaction model in NEUT is described. Modifications and tuning of the model are validated against neutrino and non-neutrino (pion scattering and photoproduction) data. A method for evaluating the uncertainties in the model and propagation of systematic errors in a neutrino oscillation experiment is described, using T2K as a specific example.
description: NuInt11 Conference (Neutrino-Nucleus Interactions in the Few-GeV Region)
EVALUATION OF IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON WATER RESOURCE AVAILABILITY ON ABAYA - CHAMO BASIN (THE CASE OF KULFO CATCHMENT)
Creators: name: TADELECH ALEM
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015

description: Nowadays the sign of climate change and its impact is revealing on different natural and man-made systems, in one or other ways. Accordingly, this impact is significant on the water resource system. This study mainly deals with evaluation of the climate change impact on the Kulfo catchmenet which is found in Rift valley. Statistical down Scaling Method (SDSM) was applied in order to downscale the climate variables at catchment level. SDSM was also used to downscale the present and future monthly precipitation and temperature from the UK Hadley center (HadCM3). Two future emission scenarios, A2 and B2 were considered for the three different periods (2030s, 2060s and 2080-2099). Downscaling was done to obtain finer resolution output from the GCM, so that it matches with the Kulfo catchment scale. The downscaled future climate showed that the mean daily minimum and maximum temperatures increase by up to 1.65/2.0 (2030s), 1.66/3.0 (2060s) and 1.66/3.6 (2080-2099) and annual precipitation also expected to increase up to 11% and 9% compared to base period for A2 and B2 scenarios. The output of downscaled data provided input rainfall and temperature data for the HEC-HMS model to estimate flow. A hydrological model, HEC-HMS was utilized to simulate the flow. The performance of the model was assessed through calibration and validation process and resulted R2 =0.88 and NSE=0.87 during calibration and R2=0.9, NSE =0.866 during validation.
Eliciting Single-Peaked Preferences Using Comparison Queries
Creators: name: Conitzer, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Voting is a general method for aggregating the preferences of multiple agents. Each agent ranks all the possible alternatives, and based on this, an aggregate ranking of the alternatives (or at least a winning alternative) is produced. However, when there are many alternatives, it is impractical to simply ask agents to report their complete preferences. Rather, the agents preferences, or at least the relevant parts thereof, need to be elicited. This is done by asking the agents a (hopefully small) number of simple queries about their preferences, such as comparison queries, which ask an agent to compare two of the alternatives. Prior work on preference elicitation in voting has focused on the case of unrestricted preferences. It has been shown that in this setting, it is sometimes necessary to ask each agent (almost) as many queries as would be required to determine an arbitrary ranking of the alternatives. In contrast, in this paper, we focus on single-peaked preferences. We show that such preferences can be elicited using only a linear number of comparison queries, if either the order with respect to which preferences are single-peaked is known, or at least one other agents complete preferences are known. We show that using a sublinear number of queries does not suffice. We also consider the case of cardinally single-peaked preferences. For this case, we show that if the alternatives cardinal positions are known, then an agents preferences can be elicited using only a logarithmic number of queries; however, we also show that if the cardinal positions are not known, then a sublinear number of queries does not suffice. We present experimental results for all elicitation algorithms. We also consider the problem of only eliciting enough information to determine the aggregate ranking, and show that even for this more modest objective, a sublinear number of queries per agent does not suffice for known ordinal or unknown cardinal positions. Finally, we discuss whether and how these techniques can be applied when preferences are almost single-peaked.