cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Clinical academics’ views on teaching undergraduate medical students
Creators: name: Taylor, David
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2015

description: The Medical School of the University of Liverpool is at a critical phase in its development. Through the 1990’s and 2000’s it improved from being at the bottom of the league tables, with graduates who were imperfectly prepared for their pre-registration house officer posts, to being at the top of the league tables with the best prepared graduates. In more recent years it has performed badly in the National Student Survey, and has, consequently fallen down towards the bottom of the league tables. The graduates are still well prepared, but the sense of cohesion and common endeavor within the medical school has been lost. This is manifest in several ways, but the trigger for this study was a difficulty in recruiting senior clinicians to teach our medical students. A series of semi-structured interviews was held with a purposive and convenience sample of fourteen senior clinicians. Nine of the participants were members of full time University staff with honorary National Health Service (NHS) contracts, and five were full time NHS clinicians with honorary University contracts. The gender balance was equivalent to that of the senior clinicians in our region (60M:40F). The approach taken in this study is a critical realist approach, whereby it is recognized that individual participants experience and interpret reality in their own particular ways. The factors that individuals consider to facilitate or frustrate their involvement in teaching undergraduate medical students are, at best, a proxy measure for the actual constraints and enablers. The themes extracted from the interviews were studied using a constructivist grounded theory method. The major enablers for being involved with teaching undergraduate medical students were the students themselves, and a desire to give them the best possible experience. The major constraints were a lack of clarity about expectations, a lack of recognition for those involved in teaching, and the difficulty of balancing competing imperatives. The two new elements uncovered in this study are the influence of colleagues (for good or ill) and the relative unimportance of “time” itself. A series of recommendations are made which involve leadership, communication, recognition, and, crucially, ensuring the agency of those who wish to be involved in educating undergraduate medical students. Awareness of these issues should strengthen the medical school in its resolve to improve the student experience, and rebuild our community of practice.
Photoelectron circular dichroism of a model chiral anion
Creators: name: Artemyev, Anton N.
name: Kutscher, Eric
name: Demekhin, Philipp V.
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: photodetachment
subject: optical activity
subject: circular dichroism spectroscopy
subject: chirality
subject: 530
subject: Fotoablösung
subject: Optische Aktivität
subject: Photoelektronenspektroskopie
subject: Zirkulardichroismus
subject: Chiralität

description: Gefördert im Rahmen eines Open-Access-Transformationsvertrags mit dem Verlag
New progress in the inverse problem in the calculus of variations
Creators: name: Do, Thoan
name: Prince, Geoff
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 70H03, 53B05, 58A15, 37J05

description: We present a new class of solutions for the inverse problem in the calculus of variations in arbitrary dimension $n$. This is the problem of determining the existence and uniqueness of Lagrangians for systems of $n$ second order ordinary differential equations. We also provide a number of new theorems concerning the inverse problem using exterior differential systems theory (EDS). Concentrating on the differential step of the EDS process, our new results provide a significant advance in the understanding of the inverse problem in arbitrary dimension. In particular, we indicate how to generalise Jesse Douglas's famous solution for $n=2$. We give some non-trivial examples in dimensions 2,3 and 4. We finish with a new classification scheme for the inverse problem in arbitrary dimension.
title: The effect of post brushing mouthrinses on salivary fluoride retention and The effect of varying fluoride concentration on remineralisation of bovine enamel in vitro
Creators: name: Shaw, Karen
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2015

description: The effect of post-brushing mouthwashes on salivary fluoride retention. Objective: To assess the effect of post-brushing mouthwashes on salivary fluoride retention. Methods: This was a three phase cross over study with thirty participants. Salivary F levels were measured before brushing with a 1450 ppm F toothpaste (Time 0) and after brushing, rinsing with water and then with one of either 0,225 or 500 ppm F mouthwash at time points 1,3,5,10,20,45,60 minutes using an ion-specific electrode. Results: Significant differences in mean fluoride retention over the 60 minute period were found for all three pair wise groups using paired t tests (p
Efficient Algorithms for Envy-Free Stick Division With Fewest Cuts
Creators: name: Reitzig, Raphael
name: Wild, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Given a set of n sticks of various (not necessarily different) lengths, what is the largest length so that we can cut k equally long pieces of this length from the given set of sticks? We analyze the structure of this problem and show that it essentially reduces to a single call of a selection algorithm; we thus obtain an optimal linear-time algorithm. This algorithm also solves the related envy-free stick-division problem, which Segal-Halevi, Hassidim, and Aumann (AAMAS, 2015) recently used as their central primitive operation for the first discrete and bounded envy-free cake cutting protocol with a proportionality guarantee when pieces can be put to waste.
description: v3 adds more context about the problem
title: The effect of epac activation on human coronary artery endothelial cells
Creators: name: Quinn, Rachael
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2015

description: The endothelial barrier is essential for vascular function, and its disruption may play a major role in the development of cardiovascular diseases. An increase in cAMP levels tightens the endothelial barrier by enhancing junction formation, and this is, in part, mediated by activation of exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (Epac). Vascular endothelial cells express vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin), and connexins 37, 40 and 43. Re-distribution of VE-cadherin in human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs), induced by EGTA treatment or blocking VE-cadherin-VE-cadherin interactions through pre-treatment with anti-VE-cadherin primary antibody, triggered a subsequent re-distribution of Cx37 that was reversible. Epac activation with the Epac-selective agonist 8-pCPT induced a re-distribution of VE-cadherin and connexin 37 to sites of cell-cell contact in HCAECs, increasing the co-localisation of these two proteins, as detected by immunocytochemistry. This increased co-localisation was completely blocked by Epac1 siRNA. To test whether the re-distribution of Cx37 induced by Epac activation resulted in the formation of new functional gap junction channels, Lucifer yellow dye transfer was examined in HCAECs under varying conditions. Epac activation in HCAECs enhanced gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC), and this increase was completely blocked by the Epac inhibitor HJC0197. 8-pCPT addition was also shown to induce a transient increase in the intracellular calcium concentration in HCAECs, as detected with the calcium indicator Fluo-4. This calcium transient was independent of protein kinase A (PKA), and occurred in the absence of extracellular calcium, but was inhibited by the presence of the endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase inhibitor cyclopiazonic acid (CPA), indicating that Epac primarily mediated the increase, and that intracellular stores were the predominant source of calcium. Furthermore, the calcium transient induced by 8-pCPT was considerably reduced by the Epac inhibitor ESI-09 and completely inhibited by the Epac inhibitor HJC0197. Together, these data suggest that Epac strengthens the endothelial barrier through re-distribution of VE-cadherin and Cx37. In addition, GJIC is enhanced by Epac activation and there is a rise in intracellular calcium, a second messenger that can be transferred to adjacent cells through GJIC. It may be possible, therefore, that these effects of Epac promote endothelial cell- smooth muscle cell communication and therefore Epac could play a role in the regulation of vascular tone.
New elliptic solutions of the Yang-Baxter equation
Creators: name: Chicherin, D.
name: Derkachov, S. E.
name: Spiridonov, V. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider finite-dimensional reductions of an integral operator with the elliptic hypergeometric kernel describing the most general known solution of the Yang-Baxter equation with a rank 1 symmetry algebra. The reduced R-operators reproduce at their bottom the standard Baxter's R-matrix for the 8-vertex model and Sklyanin's L-operator. The general formula has a remarkably compact form and yields new elliptic solutions of the Yang-Baxter equation based on the finite-dimensional representations of the elliptic modular double. The same result is also derived using the fusion formalism.
description: 34 pages, to appear in Commun. Math. Phys
A discontinuous-skeletal method for advection-diffusion-reaction on general meshes
Creators: name: Di Pietro, Daniele A.
name: Droniou, Jérôme
name: Ern, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65N30, 65N08, 65012, 65015

description: We design and analyze an approximation method for advection-diffusion-reaction equations where the (generalized) degrees of freedom are polynomials of order $k\ge0$ at mesh faces. The method hinges on local discrete reconstruction operators for the diffusive and advective derivatives and a weak enforcement of boundary conditions. Fairly general meshes with polytopal and nonmatching cells are supported. Arbitrary polynomial orders can be considered, including the case $k=0$ which is closely related to Mimetic Finite Difference/Mixed-Hybrid Finite Volume methods. The error analysis covers the full range of Péclet numbers, including the delicate case of local degeneracy where diffusion vanishes on a strict subset of the domain. Computational costs remain moderate since the use of face unknowns leads to a compact stencil with reduced communications. Numerical results are presented.
title: Navigation problems for autonomous robots in distributed environments
Creators: name: Gorry, Thomas
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2015

description: This thesis studies algorithms for Distributed Computing. More specifically however the project aimed to carry out research on the performance analysis of mobile robots in a variety of different settings. In a range of different network and geometric settings we investigate efficient algorithms for the robots to perform given tasks. We looked at a variety of different models when completing this work but focused mainly on cases where the robots have limited communication mechanisms. Within this framework we investigated cases where the robots were numerous to cases where they were few in number. Also we looked at scenarios where the robots involved had different limitations on the maximal speeds they could travel. When conducting this work we explored two main tasks carried out by the robots that became the primary theme of the study. These two main tasks are Robot Location Discovery and Robot Evacuation. To accomplish these tasks we constructed algorithms that made use of both randomised and deterministic approaches in their solutions.
Britchenko Igor. Optimization of commodity stocks enterprise by means of HML-FRM clustering / Britchenko I., Bezpartochny M. // Financial and credit activity: problems of theory and practice, Volume 3, No 34(2020), 2020. – P. 259-269. ISS (print) 2306-4994, ISNN (on-line) 2310-8770
Creators: name: Britchenko, Igor
name: Bezpartochnyi, Maksym
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 140210 International Economics and International Finance
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 140206 Experimental Economics
subject: 140204 Economics of Education
subject: 140202 Economic Development and Growth
subject: 140205 Environment and Resource Economics

description: The article examines the process of formation inventory of the enterprise and determines the optimal volume of commodity resources for sale. A generalization of author’s approaches to the formation and evaluation of inventories of the enterprise is carried out. The marketing-logistic approach was applied for the purpose of distribution groups of commodity resources due to the risk of non-fulfillment the order for the supply of goods of the enterprise. In order to ensure an effective process of commodity provision of the enterprises, the costs associatedwith the formation of inventories are determined. The formalized scheme of the formation commodity provision and the process of optimization inventory of the enterprise is offered. The analysis the structure of the company’s inventory is carried out, the volume of goods turnover is defined, the stocks are grouped for various clustering characteristics. To conduct the study, statistical information was used on commodity resources of the enterprises, statistical methods (grouping, structure analysis, estimation of dynamic series), tools for assessing the efficiency of inventory use, HML-FMR clustering were used. The necessity of using XYZ and ABC analysis is indicated in order to obtain more reliable results and forecast values of the product support of the enterprise. Economic-mathematical modeling is applied and graphically shown the difference in the formation of commodity resources by various features of HML-FMR clustering. The calculations allow the enterprise to determine the optimal amount of commodity resources in accordance with the needs of consumers and their solvent demand, to plan financial resources for the formation of inventories, to develop assortment policy in accordance with demand for products and their implementation. The results of calculations the volume of merchandising of the enterprise, taking into account the HML-FMR clustering affect the formation of final financial performance of the enterprise — income and profits.
title: Resonancias del Quijote en el siglo XXI 5
Creators: name: Tecnológico de Monterrey
Publisher: name: Tecnológico de Monterrey
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/03ayjn504
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 6.2
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: Este 2024, el programa Pasión por la Lectura, iniciativa de la Cátedra Alfonso Reyes del Tecnológico de Monterrey, ha elegido como libro del año al emblemático El ingenioso hidalgo Don Quijote de la Mancha. Con orgullo se presenta el XXXVIII capítulo de la primera parte prologado por María de Alva, profesora del Campus Monterrey.
title: The characterisation of AGATA high purity germanium detectors for pulse shape analysis
Creators: name: Colosimo, Samantha
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2013

description: Gamma-ray spectroscopy is an essential tool in the study of nuclear phenomenon. The study of exotic nuclei and nuclear states have been used to expand the nuclear chart as well as understand the origin of the universe. Large volume high purity germanium arrays, very high beam intensities and more recently exotic beams have lead to new understanding of nuclear physics. The Advanced Gamma Tracking Array (AGATA) aims to utilise high purity germanium (HPGe) detectors in order to achieve a dramatic increase in efficiency over current spectrometers. The work detailed in this thesis shows a highly detailed characterisation of two AGATA asymmetric capsules of the same shape in order to test and compare performances. Detector A004 was acceptance tested and scanned at the University of Liverpool in February 2010. Detector A006 was scanned between April and September 2010. Resolution, efficiency and charge collection parameters have been studied, comparing these two detector. The results of the comparison show an excellent agreement between the performance of the two detectors. The depletion rate of the detectors has also been compared quantitatively indicating the dependence of depletion on impurity concentration of the capsules. An experimental pulse shape database was generated for detector A006. The sensitivity of the detector response was quantified indicating the regions of the detector of high variation in pulse shape response. The AGATA detector library, which used to simulate the detector response for pulse shape analysis, is compared with this database. The position resolution achieved between the two data sets has been calculated. The combination of the detailed comparison and characterisation of the detector with the study of the simulate database will provide the AGATA collaboration with useful information to improve detector simulations in the further for pulse shape analysis.
Development of a modular Knowledge-Discovery Framework based on Machine Learning for the interdisciplinary analysis of complex phenomena in the context of GDI combustion processes
Creators: name: Botticelli, Massimiliano
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2023
Subjects: Knowledge Discovery
Machine Learning Application
Data-Driven Development
Gasoline Direct Injection

description: Die physikalischen und chemischen Phänomene vor, während und nach der Verbrennung in Motoren mit Benzindirekteinspritzung (BDE) sind komplex und umfassen unterschiedliche Wechselwirkungen zwischen Flüssigkeiten, Gasen und der umgebenden Brennraumwand. In den letzten Jahren wurden verschiedene Simulationstools und Messtechniken entwickelt, um die an den Verbrennungsprozessen beteiligten Komponenten zu bewerten und zu optimieren. Die Möglichkeit, den gesamten Gestaltungsraum zu erkunden, ist jedoch durch den hohen Aufwand zur Generierung und zur Analyse der nichtlinearen und multidimensionalen Ergebnisse begrenzt. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist die Entwicklung und Validierung eines Datenanalysewerkzeugs zur Erkenntnisgewinnung. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wird der gesamte Prozess als auch das Werkzeug als "Knowledge-Discovery Framework" bezeichnet. Dieses Werkzeug soll in der Lage sein, die im BDE-Kontext erzeugten Daten durch Methoden des maschinellen Lernens zu analysieren. Anhand einer begrenzten Anzahl von Beobachtungen wird damit ermöglicht, die untersuchten Gestaltungsräume zu erkunden sowie Zusammenhänge in den Beobachtungen der komplexen Phänomene schneller zu entdecken. Damit können teure und zeitaufwendige Auswertungen durch schnelle und genaue Vorhersagen ersetzt werden. Nach der Einführung der wichtigsten Datenmerkmale im Bereich der BDE Anwendungen wird das Framework vorgestellt und seine modularen und interdisziplinären Eigenschaften dargestellt. Kern des Frameworks ist eine parameterfreie, schnelle und dynamische datenbasierte Modellauswahl für die BDE-typischen, heterogenen Datensätze. Das Potenzial dieses Ansatzes wird in der Analyse numerischer und experimenteller Untersuchungen an Düsen und Motoren gezeigt. Insbesondere werden die nichtlinearen Einflüsse der Auslegungsparameter auf Einström- und Sprayverhalten sowie auf Emissionen aus den Daten extrahiert. Darüber hinaus werden neue Designs, basierend auf Vorhersagen des maschinellen Lernens identifiziert, welche vordefinierte Ziele und Leistungen erfüllen können. Das extrahierte Wissen wird schließlich mit der Domänenexpertise validiert, wodurch das Potenzial und die Grenzen dieses neuartigen Ansatzes aufgezeigt werden.
Atmospheric Lepton Fluxes
Creators: name: Gaisser, Thomas K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This review of atmospheric muons and neutrinos emphasizes the high energy range relevant for backgrounds to high-energy neutrinos of astrophysical origin. After a brief historical introduction, the main distinguishing features of atmospheric $ν_μ$ and $ν_e$ are discussed, along with the implications of the muon charge ratio for the $ν_μ/\barν_μ$ ratio. Methods to account for effects of the knee in the primary cosmic-ray spectrum and the energy-dependence of hadronic interactions on the neutrino fluxes are discussed and illustrated in the context of recent results from IceCube. A simple numerical/analytic method is proposed for systematic investigation of uncertainties in neutrino fluxes arising from uncertainties in the primary cosmic-ray spectrum/composition and hadronic interactions.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, for Proceedings of ISVHECRI 2014 This revised version corrects a typo in Eq. 11. There are no changes in the results (the typo was only in the LaTeX, not in the code)
title: Effects of Purvalanol A on Imatinib-Sensitive and -Insensitive Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia Cell Lines
Creators: name: Phoomvuthisarn, Panrawee
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2016

description: Objectives: This project aimed to investigate effects of purvalanol A on imatinib-sensitive and -insensitive chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) cell lines, and normal white blood cells. Methods: Imatinib-sensitive (LAMA-84) and –insensitive (KCL-22) CML cell lines and human neutrophils and PBMCs were incubated with imatinib, and purvalanol A. Cell apoptosis was measured using flow cytometry and the expression of proteins was measured by Western blotting. Mcl-1 mRNA expression was quantified using real-time PCR. Results: The CDK2 inhibitor, purvalanol A, induced cell death in both CML cell lines. In the KCL-22 cell line, purvalanol A treatment resulted in a rapid (≤1 h) decrease in levels of the anti-apoptotic protein, Mcl-1. This decrease in Mcl-1 was mediated by a decrease in mRNA and a marked acceleration in the rate of turnover of the protein (half-life decreased from ~3 h in control cells to ~1.5 h in drug-treated cells). Purvalanol A also induced cell death in LAMA-84 cell line, although it was not as potent and cell death occurred in the absence of a decrease in Mcl-1, suggesting different signalling pathways in these two lines and hence different capacity to alter Mcl-1 stability. Furthermore, purvalanol A also increased Mcl-1 turnover rate and phosphorylated p38-MAPK activity in neutrophils and in KCL-22 cells. In addition, the p38 MAPK inhibitor, BIRB796, decreased apoptosis and prevented the decrease in Mcl-1 expression induced by purvalanol A in both CML cell lines and neutrophils. Conclusions: The development of drug resistance in patients with CML results in a continuing need to develop new ways to treat patients that become refractory to tyrosine kinase inhibitors. The results of this study indicate that purvalanol A might provide an adjunct to TKIs in the therapy of CML. This study shows that the effects of purvalanol A on induction of cell death in KCL-22 cell line are independent of the effects of this drug on cell cycle kinetics, but instead point to a direct or indirect effect on post-translational modifications of Mcl-1 that enhance its turnover rate.
title: Interactive Textiles for Wellbeing within Dementia Friendly Communities
titleType: Other
Creators: name: Robertson, Lucy
Publisher: name: University of Dundee
Year: 2022

description: With over 850,000 living with dementia in the UK, it has never been more important to provide meaningful experiences and objects to support the wellbeing of those living with dementia and their communities. Previous studies have investigated the use of interactive textiles and their positive effect on wellbeing. However, there is still an opportunity for this to be explored further through the use and making of interactive textiles within Dementia Friendly Communities (DFCs). There is an urgent need for playful, personalised, interactive, comforting and tactile solutions to help those living with dementia live positively. Using Research through Design (RtD) and a person-centred approach, this thesis explores the making and use of interactive textiles for wellbeing. In Study 1, this is explored with the general public through interactive textile workshops. Studies 2 and 3 build on the learnings from Study 1 with DFCs in Scotland. Working closely with these communities, personalised interactive textile workshops and experiences were designed and facilitated. Quantitative data was gathered using the Warwick Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWBS). Qualitative data was collected using unstructured interviews and analysed using a hybrid thematic analysis method within Seligman’s (2011) ‘Wellbeing Theory’PERMA framework: positive emotions, engagement, relationships, meaning and accomplishment. This thesis presents ways of improving wellbeing within DFC using playful, personalised, interactive, comforting and tactile solutions. Building on previous studies, this research emphasised the importance of a person-centred approach which builds trust, relationships and respect between researcher and participant within DFCs. The quantitative and qualitative data collected during the workshops and experiences show a positive effect on wellbeing. Positive emotion, engagement, (positive) relationships, meaning and accomplishment, were present during and because of interactive textile workshops activities. The data shows that the use and making of interactive textiles can increase wellbeing, enabling social connections, celebrating creativity, and fostering new relationships and experiences for those living with dementia and their communities. This thesis presents one way of helping those living with dementia, their families and their carers to live full and positive lives.
title: Modelling of turbulent sf6 switching arcs
Creators: name: Zhang, Q
name: Yan, JD
name: Yan, G
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2015

description: The present work aims at a comparative study of the performance of relevant turbulence models in predicting the behaviour of SF6 switching arcs during the current zero period. Turbulence models studied include the Prandtl mixing length model, the standard k-ϵ model and its two variants, i.e.The Chen-Kim model and the RNG model. In order to demonstrate the effects of turbulence, a laminar flow case is also modelled. Based on the computational results, a detailed analysis of the physical mechanisms encompassed in each flow model is given to show the adequacy of each model in describing the rapidly varying arcing process during the current zero period. The computed values of the critical rate of rise of recovery voltage (RRRV) are subject to verification by experimental results covering a wide range of discharge conditions. The relative merits of the flow models are discussed.
Научная матрица,Выпуск 10 МКСТР 2023
Creators: name: ООО "Институт развития образования и консалтинга"
Publisher: name: ООО "Институт развития образования и консалтинга"
Year: 2023

description: Научная матрица,Выпуск 10 МКСТР 2023
title: Energy conversion between CO and porphyrins on surfaces studied by ultrafast vibrational and scanning tunneling spectroscopies
Creators: name: Omiya, Takuma
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2015

description: Energy conversion between carbon monoxide (CO) and ruthenium tetraphenyl porphyrin (RuTPP) on Cu(110) surface has been investigated by means of vibrational sum frequency generation spectroscopy (SFG) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) in order to understand vibrational and chemical dynamics at surfaces. The study revealed that introducing porphyrins has considerable effect on the energy conversion between CO and copper, and also on the adsorbate dynamics, i.e. desorption of CO. CO/Cu(110), was first studied, showing that energy conversion between CO and copper becomes faster with increasing coverage of CO. This coverage dependence can be explained by the modification of the potential energy surface (PES) and gradual filling of density of states (DOS) around the Fermi level (EF). The results also indicate that the frustrated translation mode cannot be the dominant vibrational mode for electron coupling. For the study of the energy conversion between CO and porphyrin on Cu(110), the adsorption structure of RuTPP is first investigated using an STM, revealing that the ruthenium atom occupies the short bridge site of Cu(110). With increasing coverage of RuTPP molecules, surface supramolecular organization was formed and it was compared to theoretically calculated structures. The calculated structures are used for the modeling of the PES and DOS. The first discovery from CO-RuTPP/Cu(110) is the modification of the PES for the C-O stretch mode, showing a larger Morse anharmonicity cai_e and lower dissociation energy De than on a bare copper. The anharmonic constants are compared for various surfaces, which suggest the importance of considering local electric fields and the vibrational Stark effect to explain the large anharmonicity of oxidized and porphyrin covered surfaces. Inserting RuTPP also changes the desorption mechanism of CO by inelastic tunneling process from a one-carrier to a two-carrier process with lower threshold bias voltage. The resonant electron tunneling from occupied states of CO-RuTPP to an STM tip triggers CO desorption. The two-carrier process can be explained by tunneling of a second hole into an excited state, which was created by a hole tunneling into an adsorbate HOMO. On the other hand, facile laser-induced-desorption of CO was observed from CO-RuTPP/Cu(110), although, it shows a larger desorption energy of CO than on bare Cu(110). This can be explained by the enhancement of hot electron coupling via the DOS around EF. The coupling between the C-O stretch mode and hot electrons is also changed from a frequency redshift to a blueshift, indicating that the CO-Ru bond weakens, which can be caused by excitation of the CO-Ru stretch or bending of CO.
title: Long-term carbon storage in a semi-natural British woodland
Creators: name: Hale, Karen
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2015

description: Atmospheric levels of CO2 are currently 395 ppm (dry air mole fraction measured at Mauna Loa, Hawaii), their highest concentration in 420,000 years. Forests play a major role in the global carbon (C) cycle by taking up inorganic C as CO2 through photosynthesis, converting it to organic compounds (biomass), and either storing it in living and dead organic matter (above and below ground: including trees, dead wood, litter, and soil) or returning it to the atmosphere by respiration, decay or fire. Globally, forests cover around 4.1 billion ha of the Earth’s surface and are estimated to contain up to 80% of all aboveground C and around 40% of all belowground (soils, litter, roots) terrestrial C. Forest C stocks have been reported to be increasing over the past 50 years in Europe and over the past 17 years in the United States. However, national forest inventories used to provide these data are often biased towards managed plantations, thereby leaving a knowledge gap regarding the dynamics of unmanaged, semi-natural forests. There are significant uncertainties about changes in C flux through time and the relative contributions of drivers such as land use, climate and atmospheric CO2. Decomposition of tree root C represents a potentially large C flux and contribution to the soil C sink when the input of dead and decaying root tissue, and root exudates, are greater than the output from respiration of roots, their symbionts, and the soil decomposer organisms. Therefore, quantifying decomposition rates and identifying primary controls of root decomposition are important for evaluating ecosystem function and possible responses to environmental change. This thesis explores long-term C dynamics in Lady Park Wood (LPW), an ancient semi-natural woodland situated in the counties of Monmouthshire and Gloucestershire, UK. We calculated changing tree biomass C stocks in LPW from 1945 to 2010. Separate estimates of tree biomass C, soil C and dead wood C were obtained to verify how C is apportioned among these types of forests. We used the dynamic vegetation model LPJ-GUESS to explore the likely contributions of temperature, CO2 and management to forest C stocks in this region during the last 65 years. A 30 month field experiment was conducted in LPW using oak roots of different diameter classes (
A tightness criterion for random fields, with application to the Ising model
Creators: name: Furlan, Marco
name: Mourrat, Jean-Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60F17, 60G60, 82B20

description: We present a criterion for a family of random distributions to be tight in local Hölder and Besov spaces of possibly negative regularity. We then apply this criterion to the magnetization field of the two-dimensional Ising model at criticality, answering a question of Camia, Garban and Newman.
description: 28 pages. EJP version
Pressure is not a state function for generic active fluids
Creators: name: Solon, A. P.
name: Fily, Y.
name: Baskaran, A.
name: Cates, M. E.
name: Kafri, Y.
name: Kardar, M.
name: Tailleur, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pressure is the mechanical force per unit area that a confined system exerts on its container. In thermal equilibrium, it depends only on bulk properties (density, temperature, etc.) through an equation of state. Here we show that in a wide class of active systems the pressure depends on the precise interactions between the active particles and the confining walls. In general, therefore, active fluids have no equation of state, their mechanical pressures exhibit anomalous properties that defy the familiar thermodynamic reasoning that holds in equilibrium. The pressure remains a function of state, however, in some specific and well-studied active models that tacitly restrict the character of the particle-wall and/or particle-particle interactions.
description: 8 pages + 9 SI pages, Nature Physics (2015)
title: Analysis of PINK1-Parkin-dependent signalling in neurons
titleType: Other
Creators: name: Antico, Odetta
Publisher: name: University of Dundee
Year: 2022

description: Over the last 30 years, mitochondrial dysfunction has emerged as a common feature of age-related neurodegenerative disease like Parkinson’s disease (PD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Huntington’s disease (HD) or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Parkinson’s disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder resulting from loss of dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra, in part due to mitochondrial dysfunction. In recent decades, the identification of numerous genes linked to PD have highlighted the importance of mitochondrial quality control in the etiology of the disease. The mitochondrial kinase PINK1 and the E3 ubiquitin ligase Parkin, found mutated in familial early onset recessive forms of PD, play central roles in mitochondrial homeostasis, via a signaling cascade in which depolarization-induced PINK1 stabilization and activation on the mitochondrial surface promotes recruitment of Parkin, which in turn, ubiquitylates proteins on the mitochondrial outer membrane (MOM) and then initiates a downstream pathway that eventually leads to mitophagy, a mitochondria-specific type of autophagy. How activation of PINK1 and Parkin leads to elimination of damaged mitochondria by mitophagy is largely based on cell lines with few studies in neurons. We have undertaken proteomic analysis of mitochondria from mouse neurons to identify ubiquitylated substrates of endogenous Parkin. Comparative analysis with human iNeuron datasets revealed a subset of 49 PINK1 activation–dependent diGLY sites in 22 proteins conserved across mouse and human systems. We use reconstitution assays to demonstrate direct ubiquitylation by Parkin in vitro. We also identified a subset of cytoplasmic proteins recruited to mitochondria that undergo PINK1 and Parkin independent ubiquitylation, indicating the presence of alternate ubiquitin E3 ligase pathways that are activated by mitochondrial depolarization in neurons. Last, we have developed an online resource to search for ubiquitin sites and enzymes in mitochondria of neurons, MitoNUb. These findings will aid future studies to understand Parkin activation in neuronal subtypes.
title: Monopsony and Automation
Creators: name: Chugunova, Marina
name: Keller, Klaus
name: Azar, Jose
name: Samila, Sampsa
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2023

description: We examine the impact of labor market power on firms' adoption of automation technologies. We develop a model that incorporates labor market power into the task-based theory of automation. We show that, due to higher marginal cost of labor, monopsonistic firms have stronger incentives to automate than wage-taking firms, which could amplify or mitigate the negative employment effects of automation. Using data from US commuting zones, our results show that commuting zones that are more exposed to industrial robots exhibit considerably larger reductions in both employment and wages when their labor markets demonstrate higher levels of concentration.
title: Connecting communities through youth-led radio
Creators: name: Wilkinson, Catherine
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2015

description: Abstract Connecting Communities through Youth-Led Radio Catherine Wilkinson This thesis explores the extent to which, and the ways in which, KCC Live, a volunteer youth-led community radio station situated in Knowsley, neighbouring Liverpool, UK, provides a space for young people to find and realise their voices. The body of geographical work on radio has predominantly focussed on large-scale geopolitical questions at the international scale. In particular, there has been a deficit of research considering community radio in the UK. Research from other countries is not easily transferable, due to the specific regulatory paradigms in different countries. This study takes a step towards remedying the neglect of community radio in geographical research in the UK. This research project adopts a participatory design in collaboration with young people at KCC Live. Mixed methods were employed, including: 18 months of observant participation; interviews and focus groups with volunteers; interviews with management at KCC Live and Knowsley Community College; a listener survey, listener diaries, and follow-up interviews. Accompanying this thesis are two co-produced audio artefacts: an audio documentary named ‘Community to me is…’, which explores young people’s musings on community, and a three-part radio series called ‘What we found’, which discusses the findings of this research in audio form. First, my research provides insight into a twofold vision of youth voice as both restricted and creative concurrently. This thesis shows that community radio is not a cure-all solution for disenfranchised and silenced young people, as young people at KCC Live work within a pre-censored idea of speech. Second, this thesis finds that young people conceptualise the KCC Live community in multiple ways. These include: friendships which constitute communities of choice; geographic communities within specific locales; the functioning of KCC Live as a community of practice; imagined communities of listeners; and virtual communities, formed through use of social media. This research therefore advances recent debates that shift notions of community away from static place-based understandings to more networked approaches. Third, this thesis demonstrates that young people are capable of learning skills, locating resources and building networks, thereby generating their own stocks of social capital. It therefore challenges the dominant perception within the literature of young people as receivers, rather than producers, of social capital.
title: Stop and Search in Scotland: An Analysis of Police Practice and Culture in a Time of Change
titleType: Other
Creators: name: Clayton, Estelle
Publisher: name: University of Dundee
Year: 2022

description: This research explores how frontline officers experienced, responded to, and enacted the reform of stop and search in Scotland. I foreground the experiences of those tasked with enacting stop and search to reveal the mechanisms that have leveraged, and acted as barriers to, the implementation of stop and search reform into practice, and the significance of these for questions of police identity and organisational reforms in policing. This research follows a particular period in which stop and search in Scotland transformed from a politically inert practice into one which was drawn into the heart of public and political debate and which prompted largescale redress.
Spaces of smooth embeddings and configuration categories
Creators: name: de Brito, Pedro Boavida
name: Weiss, Michael S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R40, 55U40, 55P48

description: In the homotopical study of spaces of smooth embeddings, the functor calculus method (Goodwillie-Klein-Weiss manifold calculus) has opened up important connections to operad theory. Using this and a few simplifying observations, we arrive at an operadic description of the obstructions to deforming smooth immersions into smooth embeddings. We give an application which in some respects improves on recent results of Arone-Turchin and Dwyer-Hess concerning high-dimensional variants of spaces of long knots.
description: 84 pages. v2: minor errors in section 7 corrected, old section 8 improved and reorganized into three separate sections. v3: typos corrected
title: Terminology development for Digital Forensics using Natural Language Processing
titleType: Other
Creators: name: Le Gall, Mael
Publisher: name: University of Dundee
Year: 2022

description: Digital forensics suffers from a communication and knowledge sharing challenge. Various actions have been undertaken to solve this problem, such as the creation of glossaries or ontologies. However, those solutions usually have a narrow scope, are not publicly available and/or do not alo the reuse of the knowledge by artificial agents. Those restrictions have led to a limited use by the practitioner community and, therefore, have not resolved the communication challenge that the digital forensics community faces. This study aims to determine the efficiency of Natural Language Processing (NLP) methods to provide a terminology covering the scope of the existing OSAC (Organization of Scientific Area Committees for Forensic Science) glossary, and to expand this scope to represent the depth of the terminology needs of the community.

A digital forensics corpus which represents the point of view of both academics and practitioners was gathered. A benchmark data set was created to identify the best unsupervised Automatic Term Extraction (ATE) method to use with the digital forensics corpus. The extraction an analysis of the first 1,000 terms were conducted with input from a digital forensics practitioner. The results of this benchmark revealed that the Weirdness method was the most relevant ATE approach. The extracted terms contained 61% (186/304) of the OSAC unique terms, while 85% (100/118) of the missing terms were justified. Of the top 1,000 terms absent from the OSAC glossary, 83% (783/943) were related to a topic or sub-discipline of digital forensics.

These results suggest that our corpus and the NLP method combined are within scope of the OSAC glossary. They also show that most of the top 1,000 terms of our corpus expand the OSAC scope. This underlines the fact that digital forensics has a terminological and semantic richness that can be supported and improved by technologies such as NLP.
Family of Bell-like inequalities as device-independent witnesses for entanglement depth
Creators: name: Liang, Yeong-Cherng
name: Rosset, Denis
name: Bancal, Jean-Daniel
name: Pütz, Gilles
name: Barnea, Tomer Jack
name: Gisin, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simple family of Bell inequalities applicable to a scenario involving arbitrarily many parties, each of which performs two binary-outcome measurements. We show that these inequalities are members of the complete set of full-correlation Bell inequalities discovered by Werner-Wolf-Zukowski-Brukner. For scenarios involving a small number of parties, we further verify that these inequalities are facet-defining for the convex set of Bell-local correlations. Moreover, we show that the amount of quantum violation of these inequalities naturally manifests the extent to which the underlying system is genuinely many-body entangled. In other words, our Bell inequalities, when supplemented with the appropriate quantum bounds, naturally serve as device-independent witnesses for entanglement depth, allowing one to certify genuine k-partite entanglement in an arbitrary $n\ge k$-partite scenario without relying on any assumption about the measurements being performed, nor the dimension of the underlying physical system. A brief comparison is made between our witnesses and those based on some other Bell inequalities, as well as the quantum Fisher information. A family of witnesses for genuine k-partite nonlocality applicable to an arbitrary $n\ge k$-partite scenario based on our Bell inequalities is also presented.
description: v2: Essentially published version, but with a typo in Table II concerning the entanglement depth certifiable by our witness corrected; v1: 4+8 pages, 1 figure, 6 tables (this is [33] of arXiv:1411.4656). Comments welcomed!