Thygater paranaensis Urban 1967
Creators: name: Freitas, Felipe V.
name: Silveira, Fernando A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Apidae
Thygater
Thygater paranaensis

description: Thygater paranaensis Urban 1967
(Figs. 3.E, 13)
Thygater (Thygater) paranaensis Urban 1967; Urban, Moure & Melo 2012.
Diagnosis. In both sexes, the pilosity and integument are completely black and the third marginal cell is about 1.5 times as long as second, measured on its anterior margin. Males have a dense tuft of plumose pilosity on disc of S6. The species may be confused with the similar and sympatric species T. seabrai, from which both sexes can be distinguished by the four maxillary palpomeres (three in T. seabrai) and the female by the presence of a little impunctate area on disc of clypeus (Fig.13.A), absent on T. seabrai (Fig. 14.A).
Description ♀: Integument black except: apical tarsomeres lighter; wings infumate with black veins, densely papillate; on head, reticulate and finely punctate, except on labrum and clypeus reticulate and coarsely punctate, shining on disc; on mesosoma densely punctate (= 1 dp), strongly reticulate throughout, except very weak on mesoscutum; metasoma entirely lineolate, except on T3 – T4 reticulate, finely and sparsely punctate; translucentamber areas on apex of marginal zones of S2 – S4 slightly longer than pedicel. Pilosity black; on mesosoma dense; on metasoma dense, plumose on T1 – T3, intermingled with simple setae on T4 – T6, very dense on T5; on sterna homogeneously short, relatively sparse, forming complete apical fringes on S2 – S5, forming tufts laterally on S3 – S5, short and dense on S6 except on the mid-longitudinal carina. Structure —malar area 1/3 as long as basal mandibular width; clypeus with low mid-longitudinal keel and two apicolateral depressions, basal depression reaching 1/5 of clypeal length; smooth areas on apex of marginal zone of T1 long, of T2 – T4 short, less than as long as pedicel; S6 with mid-longitudinal carina.
♂ (holotype): Integument black, except lighter on distal tarsomeres, translucent-amber areas on apex of marginal zones of S2 – S4; wings infumate, sparsely papillate, veins dark brown; on head reticulate, except on vertex, shiny on clypeal disc; on mesosoma reticulate and punctate, punctation sparser and reticulation lighter on disc of scutellum; on metasoma lineolate, densely punctate on terga (= 1 dp); on sterna light lineolate, sparsely punctate, somewhat shiny; marginal zones T1 – T3 without translucent-amber areas, T4 – T5 with translucent-amber apical areas longer than F1; translucent-amber areas on apex of marginal zones of S2 – S4 slightly longer than pedicel. Pilosity fuscous, except predominantly white on head (except on vertex) and on front trochanters; on mesosoma dense; on metasoma dense, predominantly plumose, completely so on T1 – T3, intermingled with simple hairs on T4 – T7; on sterna sparse on disc, apical fringes widely interrupted, forming lateral tufts on S3 – S4, very dense on S4; on S6 forming a very dense longitudinal tuft of plumose hairs. Structure —malar area slightly less than 1/3 as long as basal mandibular width; clypeus with mid-longitudinal elevation and apicolateral depression, its basal depression reaching of clypeal length; hind basitarsus parallel-sided; T7 emarginate, with two flat triangular lobes; S5 with two marginal dentiform projections; S6 with strong lateral carinae.
Holotype (male): “holótipo” “Curitiba—PR; P. Moure col.” “ Thygater; paranaensis; D.Urban det 67” [DZUP]—examined.
Variation and taxonomic notes: according to Urban (1967) there are specimens with lighter tonalities, which were not observed on the specimens examined.
Habitat: in Minas Gerais, it has been found only in forested areas above around 1000 m above sea level.
Additional material examined (28 specimens, 0 9 ♀♀ and 19 ♂♂). BRAZIL — MINAS GERAIS: Araponga — 25/11/1989 —F.A. Silveira 1♀ and 17♂♂; 11/11/1990, G.A.R. Melo 1♂ [UFV]. Ouro Preto — 22/10/2002, G.B. Pontes 1♂ [UFMG]. Simonésia — 06/11/2014, B.F. Falcão 1♀ [UFMG]. PARAN: Curitiba —Abranches— 13/10/ 1961, Sakagami & Laroca 1♀ (Paratype) [DZUP]. RIO DE JANEIRO: Nova Friburgo — 11/12/2011, T.M.S. Mesquita 1♀ [UFMG]. SANTA CATARINA: São Bento do Sul — 16/12/2011, F.A. Silveira, 5♀♀ [UFMG] Distribution in Minas Gerais: Thygater paranaensis is known to occur along the Serra da Mantiqueira and the Serra do Brigadeiro and in other mountain ranges in the southeastern region of the state. Flower records: Lythraceae — Cuphea sp., Baependi—MG. Solanaceae —unidentified species, São Bento do Sul—SC.
description: Published as part of Freitas, Felipe V. & Silveira, Fernando A., 2017, Synopsis of the bee genus Thygater Holmberg 1884 (Hymenoptera, Apidae) in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais, with the description of a new species and a key to all Brazilian species, pp. 1-29 in Zootaxa 4238 (1) on pages 21-22, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4238.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/344981