cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Degree of electric current neutralization and the activity in solar Active Regions
Creators: name: Vemareddy, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using time-sequence vector magnetic field observation from \textit{Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager}, we examined the connection of non-neutralized currents and the observed activity in 20 solar active-regions (ARs). The net current in a given magnetic polarity is algebraic sum of direct-current (DC) and return-current (RC) and the ratio $|DC/RC|$ is a measure of degree of net-current-neutralization (NCN). In the emerging ARs, the non-neutrality of these currents builds with the onset of flux emergence, following the relaxation to neutrality during the separation motion of bipolar regions. Accordingly, some emerging ARs are source regions of CMEs occurring at the time of higher level non-neutrality. ARs in the post-emergence phase can be CME productive provided they have interacting bipolar regions with converging and shearing motions. In these cases, the net current evolves with higher level ($>1.3$) of non-neutrality. Differently, the $|DC/RC|$ in flaring and quiet ARs vary near unity. In all the AR samples, the $|DC/RC|$ is higher for chiral current density than that for vertical current density. Owing to the fact that the non-neutralized currents arise in the vicinity of sheared polarity-inversion-lines (SPILs), the profiles of the total length of SPIL segments and the degree of NCN follow each other with a positive correlation. We find that the SPIL is localized as small segments in flaring-ARs whereas it is long continuous in CME-producing ARs. These observations demonstrate the dividing line between the CMEs and flares with the difference being in global or local nature of magnetic shear in the AR that reflected in non-neutralized currents.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, accepted to publish in MNRAS
High-field magnetization of the 3d heavy-fermion system LiV$_2$O$_{4-d}$ (d = 0, 0.08)
Creators: name: Tsujii, N.
name: Yoshimura, K.
name: Kosuge, K.
name: Mitamura, H.
name: Goto, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Metamagnetic behavior has been observed in LiV2O4 powder sample around 38 T at 4.2 K. On the other hand, magnetization for oxygen deficient LiV2O3.92 shows no indication of metamagnetism up to 40 T, and shows substantially reduced magnetic moment compared to that of LiV2O4. These results suggest that ferromagnetic interaction is strongly enhanced by magnetic fields in LiV2O4, whereas antiferromagnetic interaction is dominant in LiV2O3.92.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, to be published in J. Phys.: Condens. Matter
$rp$-adaptation for compressible flows
Creators: name: Marcon, Julian
name: Castiglioni, Giacomo
name: Moxey, David
name: Sherwin, Spencer J.
name: Peiró, Joaquim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: G.1.8; G.4; I.3.5; I.6.3; I.6.6; J.2
subject: 65N50 (Primary) 35Q31, 35Q35, 65M50, 65M60, 65N30, 76H05, 76J20, 76N15 (Secondary)

description: We present an $rp$-adaptation strategy for high-fidelity simulation of compressible inviscid flows with shocks. The mesh resolution in regions of flow discontinuities is increased by using a variational optimiser to $r$-adapt the mesh and cluster degrees of freedom there. In regions of smooth flow, we locally increase or decrease the local resolution through increasing or decreasing the polynomial order of the elements, respectively. This dual approach allows us to take advantage of the strengths of both methods for best computational performance, thereby reducing the overall cost of the simulation. The adaptation workflow uses a sensor for both discontinuities and smooth regions that is cheap to calculate, but the framework is general and could be used in conjunction with other feature-based sensors or error estimators. We demonstrate this proof-of-concept using two geometries at transonic and supersonic flow regimes. The method has been implemented in the open-source spectral/$hp$ element framework $Nektar++$, and its dedicated high-order mesh generation tool $NekMesh$. The results show that the proposed $rp$-adaptation methodology is a reasonably cost-effective way of improving accuracy.
description: 23 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering
Eukiefferiella claripennis
Creators: name: Namayandeh, Armin
name: Bilyj, Bohdan
name: Beresford, David V.
name: Somers, Keith M.
name: Dillon, Peter J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Chironomidae
Eukiefferiella
Eukiefferiella claripennis

description: Eukiefferiella claripennis group
Figs 18A–E
 Diagnosis. Head dark brown, except pale around the eyespots; body (Figs 18D, E) purplish-blue, becoming brownish in the anterior segments; first segment, and posterior parapods distinctly pale. SI seta simple; premandible simple; antenna (Fig. 18A) 4-segmented, with large LO, AR 1.9; mandible (Fig. 18B) with 3 inner teeth, and possibly a 4 th, inner margin with 3 small spines; mentum (Fig. 18C) with pair of median teeth, the width of each about the same as the lateral teeth, 1 st lateral closer to the median teeth than the 2 nd lateral, surface marked with long pale streaks; VM plates well defined, with an angled basal extension; setae submenti posteriad of plates; posterior end of body as in Fig. 18E; setae on middle abdominal segments indistinct; procercus with sclerotized ring; anal tubules short, about one third the length of posterior parapods.
 Notes. Our larva fits the description of Eukiefferiella brevinervis (Malloch) given by Roback (1957: 93), although Bode (1983: 30) suggests it may be a junior synonym of E. claripennis.
 Ecology and habitat. Species are tolerant of low oxygen level and thrive in acid brooks of pH 4.5–4.7. Larvae are tolerant of wide range of habitats and conditions. These have been observed over-wintering in cocoons and as second instars in the Northwest Territories. Larvae ingest mostly algae with smaller amounts of detritus (Thienemann 1954).
 Sampling sites. Muskoka District.
 Nearctic distribution. Canada: Ontario.
description: Published as part of Namayandeh, Armin, Bilyj, Bohdan, Beresford, David V., Somers, Keith M. & Dillon, Peter J., 2012, 3324, pp. 1-65 in Zootaxa 3324 on pages 24-25
Eukiefferiella gracei
Creators: name: Namayandeh, Armin
name: Bilyj, Bohdan
name: Beresford, David V.
name: Somers, Keith M.
name: Dillon, Peter J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Chironomidae
Eukiefferiella
Eukiefferiella gracei

description: Eukiefferiella gracei group
Figs 19A–F
 Diagnosis. Head (Fig. 19A) dark brown, except around the eyespots; body with thoracic segments, pale and abdominal segments purplish-blue; anal tubules and posterior parapods distinctly pale. Labrum as in Fig. 19B, SI seta simple; premandible simple; antenna (Fig. 19C) 5-segmented, with LO longer than 3 rd segment, AR 1.3–1.4; mandible (Fig. 19D) with 3 inner teeth, and possibly a proximal 4 th, inner margin with 2–3 long setae-like spines; mentum (Fig. 19E) with broadly rounded median tooth about 3x the width of 1 st lateral, 5 lateral teeth, basolaterally with angulate shoulders; VM plates narrow with curved outside margin, and basal expansion; setae submenti posteriad of plates; body (Fig. 19F) setae 0.3–0.5x length of subtending segments; procercus entirely sclerotized; anal tubules constricted basally, about 0.75x the length of posterior parapods.
 Notes. The antennal ratios are lower than the range (1.5–1.8), reported for this group (Bode 1983).
 Ecology and habitat. Some larvae of this group occur in moss and in streams with strong currents. Larvae have been found at high elevations (> 3000m) and in streams with mean water temperatures 1–10°C. Some species of this group prefer gravel substrate. Emergence is univoltine occurring in April (Thienemann 1954).
 Sampling sites. Muskoka District.
 Nearctic distribution. Canada: Ontario.
description: Published as part of Namayandeh, Armin, Bilyj, Bohdan, Beresford, David V., Somers, Keith M. & Dillon, Peter J., 2012, 3324, pp. 1-65 in Zootaxa 3324 on pages 25-26
Georthocladius (Georthocladius) fimbriosus Saether et Sublette
Creators: name: Namayandeh, Armin
name: Bilyj, Bohdan
name: Beresford, David V.
name: Somers, Keith M.
name: Dillon, Peter J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Chironomidae
Georthocladius
Georthocladius fimbriosus

description: Georthocladius (Georthocladius) fimbriosus Saether et Sublette
Figs 20A–D
 Diagnosis. SI simple serrated; premandible with one apical tooth, no brush; antenna (Fig. 20A) 5-segmented, 3 rd segment shorter than 4 th, no apparent LO, blade distinctly longer than flagellum, AR 1.6; mandible (Fig. 20B) with two large inner teeth, apical tooth shorter than combined width of inner two, seta interna with 7 plumose branches; mentum (Fig. 20C) with single dome-shaped median tooth, 4 laterals, last one may be bifid or notched, lateral margin with sclerotized posterior extension; VP plates distinct originating from outer margin of first lateral tooth and ending at level of seta submenti; posterior end of abdomen as in Fig. 20D; procercus absent, one strong apical seta and 3–4 short weak setae at the base; anal tubules very long tapering about 4–5x as long as posterior parapod (when fully extended).
 Notes. The larva fits the species description given by Saether & Sublette (1983), but should be considered tentative until the larvae have been associated for the other three species in the subgenus Georthocladius, particularly Georthocladius (Georthocladius) triquetrus Saether et Sublette which is also an eastern species (North Carolina).
 Ecology and habitat. Reported in bogs, seeps and lotic habitats (Epler 2001).
 Sampling sites. Parry Sound District.
 Nearctic distribution. First published record for Canada: Ontario. USA: Tennessee, Florida.
description: Published as part of Namayandeh, Armin, Bilyj, Bohdan, Beresford, David V., Somers, Keith M. & Dillon, Peter J., 2012, 3324, pp. 1-65 in Zootaxa 3324 on pages 26-27
title: Pitfalls in Heterogeneous Thermal, Electro‐ and Photocatalysis
Creators: name: Kramm, Ulrike I.
name: Marschall, Roland
name: Rose, Marcus
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2021

description: Catalysis is the key technology of our well‐established chemical industry. Also, it is considered one of the most interdisciplinary and fundamental sciences with enormous potential for future research and development. Hence, a high number of manuscripts dealing with all different aspects of catalysis topics are published each day. Unfortunately, certain pitfalls that became quite common by now are found in submitted manuscripts and sometimes (and too often) even pass the peer reviewing process. This is especially a problem at the forefront of catalysis research at which novel catalysts are developed and novel reaction systems are described from scratch. Hence, in this concept paper common pitfalls in carrying out and reporting catalytic experiments ranging from heterogeneous thermal catalysis to photo‐ and electrocatalysis are briefly summarized and solutions how to avoid these issues are presented.
Properties of central stars of planetary nebulae with distances in Gaia DR2
Creators: name: González-Santamaría, I.
name: Manteiga, M.
name: Manchado, A.
name: Ulla, A.
name: Dafonte, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. We have compiled a catalogue of central stars of planetary nebulae (CSPN) with reliable distances and positions obtained from Gaia Data Release 2 (DR2) astrometry. Distances derived from parallaxes allow us to analyse the galactic distribution and estimate other parameters such as sizes, kinematical ages, bolometric magnitudes, and luminosities. Aims. Our objective is to analyse the information regarding distances together with other available literature data about photometric properties, nebular kinematics, and stellar effective temperatures to throw new light on this rapid and rather unknown evolutionary phase. We seek to understand how Gaia distances compare with other indirect methods commonly used and, in particular, with those derived from non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (non-LTE) models; how many planetary nebulae (PNe) populate the Galaxy; and how are they spatially distributed. We also aim to comprehend their intrinsic luminosities, range of physical sizes of the nebulae; how to derive the values for their kinematical ages; and whether those ages are compatible with those derived from evolutionary models. Methods. We considered all PNe listed in catalogues from different authors and in Hong Kong/AAO/Strasbourg/Hα(HASH) database. By X-matching their positions with Gaia DR2 astrometry we were able to identify 1571 objects in Gaia second archive, for which we assumed distances calculated upon a Bayesian statistical approach. From those objects, we selected a sample of PNe with good quality parallax measurements and distance derivations, we which refer to as our Golden Astrometry PNe sample (GAPN), and obtained literature values of their apparent sizes, radial and expansion velocities, visual magnitudes, interstellar reddening, and effective temperatures.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A (08/29/2019)
Unraveling the quantum nature of atomic self-ordering in a ring cavity
Creators: name: Ostermann, Stefan
name: Niedenzu, Wolfgang
name: Ritsch, Helmut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Atomic self-ordering to a crystalline phase in optical resonators is a consequence of the intriguing non-linear dynamics of strongly coupled atom motion and photons. Generally the resulting phase diagrams and atomic states can be largely understood on a mean-field level. However, close to the phase transition point, quantum fluctuations and atom-field entanglement play a key role and initiate the symmetry breaking. Here we propose a modified ring cavity geometry, in which the asymmetry imposed by a tilted pump beam reveals clear signatures of quantum dynamics even in a larger regime around the phase transition point. Quantum fluctuations become visible both in the dynamic and steady-state properties. Most strikingly we can identify a regime where a mean-field approximation predicts a runaway instability, while in the full quantum model the quantum fluctuations of the light field modes stabilize uniform atomic motion. The proposed geometry thus allows to unveil the "quantumness" of atomic self-ordering via experimentally directly accessible quantities.
Heterotrissocladius changi Saether
Creators: name: Namayandeh, Armin
name: Bilyj, Bohdan
name: Beresford, David V.
name: Somers, Keith M.
name: Dillon, Peter J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Chironomidae
Heterotrissocladius
Heterotrissocladius changi

description: Heterotrissocladius changi Saether
Figs 22A–D
 Diagnosis. Labrum as in Fig. 22A; SI seta plumose; pecten epipharyngis with 3 serrated scale-like spines; antenna (Fig. 22B) 7-segmented, basal segment 58 µm long, 3 rd reduced, shorter than the 4 th and 7 th indistinct hair-like, AR 0.9; mandible as in Fig. 22C; mentum (Fig. 22D) with pair of median teeth, basolaterally with short extension; VM plate broad, V/M 1.4; procercus sclerotized, short, about as long as wide with 7 apical setae; anal tubules curved half as long as posterior parapod.
 Notes. The unpigmented submentum and broad VM plates will separate H. changi from other members within the H. marcidus group, except for possibly Heterotrissocladius boltoni Saether, which is recorded only from Ohio. Saether (1995: 38) points out that Metriocnemus aequalis Johannsen should be assigned to Heterotrissocladius and may in fact be a senior synonym of H. changi or Heterotrissocladius hirtapex Saether.
 Ecology and habitat. Although the species typically occurs in littoral to upper profundal zones of oligotrophic lakes, it occurred in study streams with H. marcidus. This species is bivoltine with a major emergence in the spring till June and a minor one in early fall, although an emergence of June till mid August has been reported for two lakes, Lake Waterton, Alberta and Green Lake, Colorado. (Saether 1975).
 Sampling sites. We found the larvae inhabiting streams in all the provincial parks and districts located in our study area.
 Nearctic distribution. Canada: Northwest Territories, Alberta, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and Ontario. USA: Colorado, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, New York.
description: Published as part of Namayandeh, Armin, Bilyj, Bohdan, Beresford, David V., Somers, Keith M. & Dillon, Peter J., 2012, 3324, pp. 1-65 in Zootaxa 3324 on pages 28-29
The Halo White Dwarf WD 0346+246 Revisited
Creators: name: Bergeron, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The extreme helium-rich atmospheric composition determined for the halo white dwarf WD 0346+246 is reexamined. This solution is shown to be improbable from an astrophysical point of view when accretion of hydrogen and metals from the interstellar medium is taken into account. An alternate solution is proposed where hydrogen and helium are present in the atmospheric regions in equal amounts. The best fit at Teff=3780 K, log g=8.34, and N(He)/N(H)=1.3 is achieved by including in the model calculations a bound-free opacity from the Lyman edge associated with the so-called dissolved atomic levels of the hydrogen atom, or pseudo-continuum opacity.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal (Sept. 10, 2001 issue); 22 pages including 6 figures
6.7 GHz variability characteristics of new periodic methanol maser sources
Creators: name: Olech, Mateusz
name: Szymczak, Marian
name: Wolak, Paweł
name: Sarniak, Rafał
name: Bartkiewicz, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Discovery of periodic maser emission was an unexpected result from monitoring observations of methanol transitions in high-mass young stellar objects. We report on the detection of five new periodic sources from a monitoring program with the Torun 32 m telescope. Variability with a period of 149 to 540 d and different patterns from sinusoidal-like to intermittent was displayed. Three dimensional structure of G59.633$-$0.192 determined from the time delays of burst peaks of the spectral features and high angular resolution map implies that the emission traces a disk. For this source the 6.7 GHz light curve followed the infrared variability supporting a radiative scheme of pumping. An unusual time delay of $\sim$80 d occurred in G30.400$-$0.296 could not be explained by the light travel time and may suggest a strong differentiation of physical conditions and excitation in this deeply embedded source. Our observations suggest the intermittent variability may present a simple response of maser medium to the underlying variability induced by the accretion luminosity while other variability patterns may reflect more complex changes in the physical conditions.
Heterotrissocladius marcidus
Creators: name: Namayandeh, Armin
name: Bilyj, Bohdan
name: Beresford, David V.
name: Somers, Keith M.
name: Dillon, Peter J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Chironomidae
Heterotrissocladius
Heterotrissocladius marcidus

description: Heterotrissocladius marcidus (Walker)
Figs 23A–C
 Diagnosis. Head yellowish brown with contrasting dark brown submentum (Fig. 23C). SI seta, pecten epipharyngis and antenna (see Fig. 23A) as described for H. changi, basal antennal segment 78–82 µm long; mentum (Fig. 23B) with pair of median teeth; VM plates broad, V/M 1.3.
 Notes. Keys out to couplet 10 in Saether (1975), ending as, either H. marcidus or H. latilaminus Saether. The characters given to separate the two species may not hold up given the range of variation in the pigmentation of the submentum and width of SSm setae (pers. observ.). In this case, the larvae inhabiting a lotic environment and its eastern locality favour H. marcidus as the most likely choice.
 Ecology and habitat. The species is found in springs, streams, rivers and littoral zones of lakes, usually restricted to cold waters never exceeding 18°C throughout the year (Saether 1975). We found the larvae in almost all headwater stream sites fed mainly by catchment.
 Sampling sites. We found the larvae inhabiting streams in all the provincial parks and districts located in our study area.
 Nearctic distribution. Canada: British Columbia, Ontario and Québec. USA: North and South Carolina, Michigan, New York State.
description: Published as part of Namayandeh, Armin, Bilyj, Bohdan, Beresford, David V., Somers, Keith M. & Dillon, Peter J., 2012, 3324, pp. 1-65 in Zootaxa 3324 on pages 30-31
A framework for applying interceptive mitigations for diffuse agricultural pollution
Creators: name: Tanner, Chris C.
name: Tomer, Mark D.
name: Goeller, Brandon C.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Interceptive mitigation options implemented at the edge of agricultural fields and along run-off and drainage flow-paths can complement preventive in-field management actions to reduce diffuse contaminant losses to surface waters. However, it is often unclear to users which interceptive mitigation option is appropriate for their situation, where it should be located, what contaminant reductions and other benefits can be achieved, and what it would cost to implement, maintain, and operate these practices. We outline a framework for selecting and applying eight interceptive diffuse pollution mitigation practices potentially applicable on New Zealand farms: riparian grass filter, planted and multifunction buffers; constructed wetlands; woodchip bioreactors; filamentous algal nutrient scrubbers; sediment traps; and detainment bunds. The framework provides users with a semi-quantitative evaluation of the relative benefits and costs of the best suited mitigations across a range of farmed landscapes. It highlights where each mitigation has its niche in terms of the landscape fit, flow-path(s) intercepted, contaminant(s) targeted, efficacy, associated co-benefits, relative cost, operation and maintenance requirements, longevity, and consenting requirements. Testing and refinement of this framework is encouraged, using data from field-scale implementation, to better quantify efficacy in practice, and inform empirical models and decision making across farm and catchment scales.
Abatement costs of Emissions from Crop Residue Burning in major crop producing regions of China: Balancing food security with the environment
Creators: name: Hou, Lingling
name: Hoag, Dana
name: Keske, Catherine
name: Hou, Lingling
name: Hoag, Dana
name: Keske, Catherine
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Production Economics
subject: shadow prices
subject: greenhouse gas
subject: conservation tillage
subject: distance function
subject: China

description: This paper estimates the shadow price of CO2 from burning crop residue in the Chinese agricultural sector and explores the policy implications for decision makers. Using a parametric translog directional distance function, we evaluate the technical efficiency and shadow prices of CO2 reduction for 7 major maize provinces in China from 1996-2013. Our results show that crop yield, cost of total inputs, and percentage of burnt crop residue account for 30%, 10% and 20% of the inefficiency, respectively. The shadow price of CO2 from burning crop residue is estimated to range from 0-1.368 yuan/ha (or US$210.5/t) with an average of 0.496yuan/kg (or US$76/t). Further analysis indicates that the average efficiency will increase by 9% if conservation practices are adopted by assuming 10% decrease in yield and 50% decrease in burnt crop residue under conservation practices compared to conventional practices. The shadow prices in these two cases imply that the whole society will benefit if the government spends less than 201 yuan/ha to promote adoption of conservation practices. This government offset would compensate farmers for yield reductions in favor of implementing conservation practices that would substantially reduce CO2 emissions.
Friction-mediated flow and jamming in a two-dimensional silo with two exit orifices
Creators: name: Orpe, Ashish V.
name: Doshi, Pankaj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the interparticle friction coefficient significantly influences the flow and jamming behavior of granular materials exiting through the orifice of a two-dimensional silo in the presence of another orifice located in its vicinity. The fluctuations emanating from a continuous flow through a larger orifice results in an intermittent flow through the smaller orifice consisting of sequential jamming and flowing events. The mean time duration of jammed and flow events, respectively, increase and decrease monotonically with increasing interparticle friction coefficient. The frequency of unjamming instances ($n_{u}$), however, shows a nonmonotonic behavior comprising an increase followed by a decrease with increasing friction coefficient. The decrease on either side of the maximum, then, represents a system moving progressively towards a permanently jammed or a permanently flowing state. The overall behavior shows a systematic dependence on the interorifice distance which determines the strength of the fluctuations reaching the smaller orifice leading to unjamming instances. The probability distributions of jamming and flowing times are nearly similar for different combinations of friction coefficients and interorifice distances studied and, respectively, exhibit exponential and power-law tails.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY OF DAIRY FARMS IN URUGUAY: A STOCHASTIC PRODUCTION FRONTIER ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Perez-Quesada, Gabriela
name: García-Suárez, Federico
name: Perez-Quesada, Gabriela
name: García-Suárez, Federico
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Farm Management
subject: Production Economics
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: stochastic production frontier
subject: Uruguayan dairy farms
subject: technical efficiency
subject: crosssectional data

description: The dairy sector is one of the most influential sectors and plays an important role in the economic and social structure of Uruguay. Assuring and enhancing the dairy sector productivity and efficiency represent an important challenge in order to improve the competitiveness of the sector and achieve a sustained economic growth. Consequently, the overall objective of this study is to analyze the efficiency performance of dairy farms in Uruguay. Using a crosssectional database this paper estimates a Cobb-Douglas stochastic production frontier and technical inefficiency model for dairy farms to determine the effect of each input in the production frontier and the principal factors that explain differences on farm efficiency. Results shows that highest effect on production is the number of milking cows followed by the total consumption of feed including concentrated feed, hay and ensilage. Although, veterinary, agronomic or accounting assistance matter, the major determinant of efficiency differences is the artificial insemination. Overall farm profiles indicate that those in the high efficiency group achieve a higher level of milk production than those less efficient; and they are larger in terms of the herd size, used labor, feed consumption and area under cultivated forage than those in lower efficiency group.
Evolutionary history of species of the firefly subgenus Hotaria (Coleoptera, Lampyridae, Luciolinae, Luciola) inferred from DNA barcoding data: supplementary material
Creators: name: Taeman Han
name: Kim, Seung-Hyun
name: Yoon, Hyung Joo
name: Park, In Gyun
name: Haechul Park
Publisher: name: Brill Online
Year: 2019
Subjects: Paleontology

description: The firefly subgenus Hotaria sensu lato of the genus Luciola currently includes four morphospecies: L. (H.) parvula, L. (H.) unmunsana, L (H.) papariensis, and L. (H.) tsushimana. The latter three are taxonomically controversial based on both morphological and molecular data. We examined the phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary history of the species and related congeners using partial COI gene sequences (DNA barcoding). Our phylogenetic analyses consistently supported the monophyly of Hotaria sensu lato, but did not resolve the generic rank. The two types of L. (H.) parvula in Japan can be considered distinct species that arose by pseudocryptic speciation during the Miocene, with substantial genetic divergence (15.41%). Three morphospecies, L. (H.) unmunsana, L (H.) papariensis, and L. (H.) tsushimana, split into several polyphyletic or paraphyletic groups, forming entangled species groups. They are considered an incipient group that is distinguishable genetically but not morphologically, with evidence for recent allopatric speciation events corresponding to geologic events and sea-level changes during the Pliocene and Pleistocene. Group III of L. (H.) unmunsana collected from the Jeolla region is a new taxon.
Metriocnemus (Metriocnemus) fuscipes
Creators: name: Namayandeh, Armin
name: Bilyj, Bohdan
name: Beresford, David V.
name: Somers, Keith M.
name: Dillon, Peter J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Chironomidae
Metriocnemus
Metriocnemus fuscipes

description: Metriocnemus (Metriocnemus) fuscipes (Meigen)
Figs 24A–F
 Diagnosis. Body segments with dark purple bands, (Fig. 24A) Labrum (in part, Fig. 24B) SI seta simple, peg-like; labral lamella reduced to conical plate; antenna (in part, Fig. 24B) strongly reduced, 4-segmented, 1 st segment 1.5x wider than long, flagellum with 3 minute segments, AR 1.0, blade longer than flagellum; mandible (Fig. 24C) with 4 inner teeth; mentum (Fig. 24D) with tiny pair of median teeth deeply recessed between the inwardly pointed 1 st laterals, base with small lobe and long posterior sclerotized extension; VM plate indistinct, appearing raised high above lateral teeth; anterior parapods fused with two groups of apical claws and surrounded by numerous rows of spinulae (Fig. 24E); posterior end of abdomen as in Fig. 24F; procercus with relatively short apical setae, about 2.5x as long as procercus; anal tubules cylindrical, about as long as posterior parapods.
 Notes. The mentum is strongly arched dorsoventrally, and the VM plates raised high making it appear to be inline with the 2 nd laterals.
 Ecology and habitat. A circumpolar species, larvae live in damp soil adjacent to springs, spring runs, small streams and also within streams (Oliver & Dillon 1997).
 Sampling sites. Arrowhead and Algonquin Provincial Parks.
 Nearctic distribution. First published record for Canada: Ontario. USA: Georgia, New York, North Carolina, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee.
description: Published as part of Namayandeh, Armin, Bilyj, Bohdan, Beresford, David V., Somers, Keith M. & Dillon, Peter J., 2012, 3324, pp. 1-65 in Zootaxa 3324 on pages 31-32
Statistical Modeling of Nuclear Systematics
Creators: name: Clark, J. W.
name: Mavrommatis, E.
name: Athanassopoulos, S.
name: Dakos, A.
name: Gernoth, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Statistical modeling of data sets by neural-network techniques is offered as an alternative to traditional semiempirical approaches to global modeling of nuclear properties. New results are presented to support the position that such novel techniques can rival conventional theory in predictive power, if not in economy of description. Examples include the statistical inference of atomic masses and beta-decay halflives based on the information contained in existing databases. Neural network modeling, as well as other statistical strategies based on new algorithms for artificial intelligence, may prove to be a useful asset in the further exploration of nuclear phenomena far from stability.
Sarika Godwin-Austen 1907
Creators: name: Sutcharit, Chirasak
name: Panha, Somsak
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Stylommatophora
Ariophantidae
Sarika

description: Sarika Godwin-Austen, 1907
 Type species. – Helix resplendens Philippi, 1846; by original designation in Godwin-Austen, 1907: 179.
  Diagnosis. –  Shell thin, translucent, corneous to light brown, dextral, depressed to slightly convex and rimate. Shell surface smooth, glossy, with very fine growth lines or rarely with radial grooves. Whorls 6–8, increasing regularly, flat to slightly convex. Last whorl well-rounded to slightly shouldered. Aperture crescentic with simple lip. Animal with right and left mantle-lobes, flaps, blackish or grayish (rarely with bright colour). Genitalia with long penial appendage; penial retractor muscle large and attached to head of penial appendage. Spermatophore long with no spine on tail filament. Lateral foot margin, caudal foss and caudal horn present.
  Remark. –  We have information on only seven species placed in Sarika (Table 1) but according to Schileyko (2002) some 10 species have been attributed to Sarika with a distribution ranging from southern China to Burma, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Thailand and Peninsular Malaysia.
description: Published as part of Sutcharit, Chirasak & Panha, Somsak, 2008, Taxonomic Re-Evaluation Of Sarika Diadema (Dall, 1897) And S. Asamurai (Panha, 1997), Two Endemic Land Snails From Thailand (Pulmonata: Ariophantidae: Macrochlamydinae), pp. 95-100 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 56 (1) on page 96, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5341400
Dynamics of branes in Double Field Theory
Creators: name: Musaev, Edvard T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this contribution the construction of the Wess-Zumino term for Dp-branes and NS 5-branes invariant under T-duality is described. The cases of the massless Type IIA/B and the massive Type IIA theories are covered. Mass parameter is introduced by generalized Scherk-Schwarz ansatz of O(10,10) spinor and tensor fields. The results lead to the picture where a given brane is understood as an invariant object rotated into the full doubled space.
description: Contribution to the proceedings of the workshop "Dualities and Generalized Geometries", C18-08-31, Corfu Summer Institute 2018, 13 pages
No evidence yet for hadronic TeV gamma-ray emission from SNR RX J1713.7-3946
Creators: name: Reimer, O.
name: Pohl, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent TeV-scale gamma-ray observations with the CANGAROO II telescope have led to the claim that the multi-band spectrum of RX J1713.7-3946 cannot be explained as the composite of a synchrotron and an inverse Compton component emitted by a population of relativistic electrons. It was argued that the spectrum of the high-energy emission is a good match to that predicted by pion decay, thus providing observational evidence that protons are accelerated in SNR to at least TeV energies. In this Letter we discuss the multi-band spectrum of RX J1713.7-3946 under the constraint that the GeV-scale emission observed from the closely associated EGRET source 3EG J1714-3857 is either associated with the SNR or an upper limit to the gamma-ray emission of the SNR. We find that the pion-decay model adopted by Enomoto et al. is in conflict with the existing GeV data. We have examined the possibility of a modified proton spectrum to explain the data, and find that we cannot do so within any existing theoretical framework of shock acceleration models.
description: in press as Letter to Astronomy & Astrophysics
A Global Demand Analysis of Vegetable Oils for Food and Industrial Use: A Cross-Country Panel Data Analysis with Spatial Econometrics
Creators: name: Kojima, Yasutomo
name: Parcell, Joe
name: Cain, Jewelwayne
name: Kojima, Yasutomo
name: Parcell, Joe
name: Cain, Jewelwayne
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: vegetable oil
subject: demand analysis
subject: cross-country panel data
subject: fixed effects model
subject: spatial dependence
subject: soybean oil
subject: rapeseed oil
subject: palm oil
subject: sunflower oil

description: This article analyzes global demand for major edible and non-edible vegetable oils using cross-country panel data from 1991 to 2011. A fixed effects model, accounting for spatial dependence of the residuals, is specified. Compared to food use, income elasticities are significantly higher for industrial use, suggesting that demand for non-edible vegetable oils is expected to increase with the rise of global wealth in the future. Income elasticities will be useful for simulation research of estimating how much agricultural land needs to be developed in the future in order to meet an expected increase in demand for biofuel feedstocks.
Constraints on the Dark Matter Interpretation $n \rightarrow χ+ e^+ e^-$ of the Neutron Decay Anomaly with the PERKEO II experiment
Creators: name: Klopf, M.
name: Jericha, E.
name: Märkisch, B.
name: Saul, H.
name: Soldner, T.
name: Abele, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Discrepancies from in-beam and in-bottle type experiments measuring the neutron lifetime are on the 4$σ$ standard deviation level. In a recent publication Fornal and Grinstein proposed that the puzzle could be solved if the neutron would decay on the one percent level via a dark decay mode, one possible branch being $n \rightarrow χ+ e^+ e^-$. With data from the \perkeoII experiment we set limits on the branching fraction and exclude a one percent contribution for $95\,\%$ of the allowed mass range for the dark matter particle.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Working Paper _ ERICC Evidence Review in Nigeria - The evidence for improving education in conflict affected areas of Nigeria and existing gaps
Creators: name: ERICC Consortium
name: Mishra, Anjini
name: Oyinloye, Bukola
name: Mkwananzi, Faith
name: Watts, Michael
name: Adesina, Adedoyin
name: Akogun, Oladele
name: Salmon-Letelier, Marlana
name: Diazgranados Ferrans, Silvia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 390201
subject: Education policy
classificationCode: 390407
subject: Inclusive education

description: This review sets out to (i) identify and synthesise the evidence base of education programmes in conflict-affected areas of Nigeria in order to generate a rigorous understanding of the circumstances under which education is delivered; and (ii) identify evidence gaps concerning access, quality and continuity of education, and the interventions that aim to improve education outcomes. The review was conducted as part of the Education Research in Conflict and Protracted Crisis (ERICC) programme. The literature review drew on peer-reviewed academic papers and programme reports, which were categorised according to the ERICC conceptual and research framework according to the research questions and programmes they addressed. The findings show that, although there is promising evidence of interventions which can improve academic outcomes of out-of-school children in some areas, particularly around teaching and learning, there remain significant evidence gaps related to: (i) the state of policies, budgets and data systems; (ii) the state of coherence in the education system and the factors that enable or constrain coherence; (iii) policy-level interventions which can alignment, accountability and adaptability of the education system; (iv) interventions which can improve access, quality and continuity of children's education in conflict affected areas in cost-effective ways; (v) the status of children’s academic learning, social emotional development, mental health and well-being, and achievement and equity for different subgroups; and (vi) system strengthening education interventions which can improve children's achievement and equity in cost-effective ways. Findings were used to inform the generation of to develop the ERICC Nigeria programme through consultation with key government and non-government stakeholders.
Orthocladius (Symposiocladius) lignicola Kieffer 1915
Creators: name: Namayandeh, Armin
name: Bilyj, Bohdan
name: Beresford, David V.
name: Somers, Keith M.
name: Dillon, Peter J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Chironomidae
Orthocladius
Orthocladius lignicola

description: Orthocladius (Symposiocladius) lignicola (Kieffer in Potthast)
Figs 25A–F
 Diagnosis. SI seta simple; premandible (Fig. 25A) simple without brush; antenna (Fig. 25B) 5-segmented with short segment 2 and large LO exceeding the length of 3 rd, AR 1.1; mandible (Fig. 25C) with very weak crenulation on outer margin; mentum (Fig. 25D) unique with enlarged conical median tooth taking up most of mentum and 2 small basolateral teeth; no indication of VM plates; abdomen with well defined setal tufts (Fig. 25E); posterior end of abdomen as in Fig. 25F; anal tubules, long cylindrical.
 Notes. The median tooth of the mentum has a bifid apex, which so far has not been reported for this species and the abdomen has setal tufts on AII–AVII, compared to AI–VI in Cranston (1982). The species has been placed as a subgenus of Orthocladius by Saether (2003).
 Ecology and habitat. A xylophagous species common in streams with large quantities of wood, especially maple (Cranston & Oliver 1988, Saether1983). In the stream sites larvae occurred mainly in pools where submerged woody debris was abundant.
 Sampling sites. Mississagi, Massasauga and Arrowhead Provincial Parks.
 Nearctic distribution. Canada: British Columbia, Manitoba, Québec, Saskatchewan, Yukon Territory, first Ontario record. USA: Alabama, Alaska, California, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Wisconsin.
description: Published as part of Namayandeh, Armin, Bilyj, Bohdan, Beresford, David V., Somers, Keith M. & Dillon, Peter J., 2012, 3324, pp. 1-65 in Zootaxa 3324 on page 32
Field evaluation of a commercial variable-rate irrigation decision support system – a study for maize and sweet corn
Creators: name: El-Naggar, Ahmed G.
name: Hedley, Carolyn B.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified

description: The agricultural sector is facing a pressing need to adopt variable-rate irrigation decision support systems (VRI–DSS) to address global challenges such as water quality, water scarcity, food security, and climate change. This study evaluated a model-based VRI–DSS for maize and sweetcorn crops in a commercial field with two soil zones and a VRI center pivot. The evaluation involved assessing the farmer’s use of the system and comparing the VRI–DSS outputs using default parameters (e.g. virtual climate data) with outputs using local data. The results showed good agreement between the virtual and local climate data (R2 = 0.94, RMSE = 0.51 °C for air temperature; R2 = 0.79, RMSE = 0.53 mm/day for evapotranspiration), except for rainfall, which was overestimated by 12% by the VRI–DSS. The soil water deficit estimates from the local data also matched well with the neutron probe measurements. The farmer applied less irrigation due to water restrictions, but water use efficiency varied between soil zones for sweetcorn. The evaluation showed that VRI–DSS, with accurate climate data, is a useful tool for estimating variable-irrigation requirements for maize and sweetcorn under one system. However, more field data and local rainfall data are required to validate the decision software system.
Phase Calibration Sources in the Northern Sky at Galactic Latitudes $\mid b \mid < 2.5\arcdeg$
Creators: name: Wrobel, J. M.
name: Taylor, G. B.
name: Gregory, P. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Jodrell Bank - VLA Astrometric Survey (JVAS) of flat-spectrum sources yielded a catalog of 2118 compact radio sources in the northern sky. Those sources are being used as phase calibrators for many synthesis arrays. JVAS suffers from a zone of avoidance because Galactic confusion prevented selection of flat-spectrum sources at $\mid b \mid < 2.5\arcdeg$. This confusion problem was overcome by selecting variable GB6 sources in the JVAS zone of avoidance. A subset of these sources were observed at 8.5 GHz with the NRAO VLA in the JVAS style, leading to 29 compact radio sources in the zone of avoidance whose positions have been measured to an rms accuracy of about 10~mas or less. This extension of the JVAS lists to lower Galactic latitudes (1) improves the prospects for VLBA phase-referencing of Galactic targets and (2) strengthens the lists' usefulness for studies of the Galactic interstellar medium.
description: with 2 figures, to appear in the Astronomical Journal
ДАВЛАТ БЮДЖЕТИНИ ШАКЛЛАНТИРИШДА ТЎҒРИ ВА ЭГРИ СОЛИҚЛАРНИНГ AҲАМИЯТИ ВА РОЛИ
Creators: name: Sattarova, Shoira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Давлат бюджети – мамлакат иқтисодий ва ижтимоий соҳасининг ривожланишига таъсир этувчи асосий воситадир. Унинг ёрдамида давлат миллий даромад ва бойликни қайта тақсимлаш орқали ижтимоий ишлаб чиқаришнинг таркибини ўзгартириши, хўжалик юритувчи субъектлар самарадорлигига таъсир этиши, ижтимоий ислоҳотларни амалга ошириши мумкин. Бошқача қилиб айтганда давлат бюджети – давлатнинг иқтисодиётни бошқаришдаги асосий воситасидир.