cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Quantitative and qualitative food losses of African indigenous vegetables along the value chain: A systematic literature review
Creators: name: Kubitza, Christoph
name: Kalla-Bertholdt, Ann-Marie
name: Huyskens-Keil, Susanne
name: Brück, Tilman
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Food security
subject: micronutrients
subject: nutrition-sensitive supply chain
subject: amaranth
subject: African nightshade
subject: systematic review
subject: 630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche
subject: 640 Hauswirtschaft und Familie

description: African indigenous vegetables (AIV) have high densities of important micronutrients but qualitative and quantitative food losses along the value chains could threaten their nutritional potential in Africa. We conduct a systematic review of the estimations of food quality losses of AIV along their value chains. Our review reveals that there is generally limited evidence on food quality losses along AIV value chains. In addition, existing studies are often of low quality and have inadequate experimental descriptions. For our final analysis, we consider the yields and malnutrition-relevant nutrients for two major AIV, vegetable amaranth ( Amaranthus ssp ) and African nightshade ( Solanum nigrum and Solanum scarbrum ). We observe a consistent and substantial decrease in carotenoids and iron contents starting from selecting appropriate seed material to processing practices. Losses are particularly severe at seed selection and production. Almost half of the original potential is lost after cultivation for the reviewed nutrients. While qualitative losses appear to be significant during post-harvest, processing by consumers leads to comparatively small reductions. While our results suggest that the current value chains need to be improved to supply nutrient-rich foods to urban and peri-urban areas, better data are also needed to conduct more comprehensive assessments of nutrition-sensitive AIV value chains and to derive evidence-based interventions to reduce nutrient losses for AIV along the value chain.
Strings in AdS_4 x CP^3: finite size spectrum vs. Bethe Ansatz
Creators: name: Astolfi, Davide
name: Grignani, Gianluca
name: Ser-Giacomi, Enrico
name: Zayakin, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the first curvature corrections to the spectrum of light-cone gauge type IIA string theory that arise in the expansion of $AdS_4\times \mathbb{CP}^3$ about a plane-wave limit. The resulting spectrum is shown to match precisely, both in magnitude and degeneration that of the corresponding solutions of the all-loop Gromov--Vieira Bethe Ansatz. The one-loop dispersion relation correction is calculated for all the single oscillator states of the theory, with the level matching condition lifted. It is shown to have all logarithmic divergences cancelled and to leave only a finite exponentially suppressed contribution, as shown earlier for light bosons. We argue that there is no ambiguity in the choice of the regularization for the self-energy sum, since the regularization applied is the only one preserving unitarity. Interaction matrices in the full degenerate two-oscillator sector are calculated and the spectrum of all two light magnon oscillators is completely determined. The same finite-size corrections, at the order 1/J, where $J$ is the length of the chain, in the two-magnon sector are calculated from the all loop Bethe Ansatz. The corrections obtained by the two completely different methods coincide up to the fourth order in $λ' =λ/J^2$. We conjecture that the equivalence extends to all orders in $λ$ and to higher orders in 1/J.
description: 32 pages. Published version; journal reference added
title: Basin-linked population genetic structure of turbot (Psetta maxima)
Creators: name: Vandamme, S.G.
name: Meas, G. E.
name: Moreau, K.
name: Hoffman, S.
name: Parmentier, K.
name: torreele, E.
name: Delbare, D.
name: Cooreman, K.
name: Robbens, J.
name: Volckaert, F.A.M.
Publisher: name: ASC 2010 - Theme session Q
Year: 2024
Subjects: Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.The sea lacks clear physical barriers and fish have a large potential dispersal capacity * Weak or no population structure A good understanding of the connectivity between fish populations is crucial for management of the stock & the evaluation of potential marine protected areas (MPA)
Photoinduced current in molecular conduction junctions with semiconductor contacts
Creators: name: Fainberg, Boris D.
name: Seideman, Tamar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new approach to coherent control of transport via molecular junctions, which bypasses several of the hurdles to experimental realization of optically manipulated nanoelectronics noted in the previous literature. The method is based on the ap-plication of intrinsic semiconductor contacts and optical frequencies below the semiconductor bandgap. It relies on a simple and general concept, namely the controllable photonic replication of molecular levels through the dipole driving the molecular bridge by an electromagnetic field. We predict the effect of coherent destruction of induced tunneling that extends the certain effect of coherent destruction of tunneling. Our results illustrate the potential of semiconductor contacts in coherent control of photocurrent.
description: 5 pages, Physica Status Solidi, in press
Recent Work on Medieval and Later Building Materials from London
Creators: name: Betts, Ian M
name: Crowley, Naomi
name: Keily, Jackie
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2023

description: Medieval Ceramics: Journal of the Medieval Ceramics Research Group, 15, 37-42
description: This paper describes the range of work carried out on building materials by the Museum of London Archaeology Service, and presents a few of the more unusual finds recently studied. These comprise a late Anglo-Saxon tile with polychrome decoration, the only one known from London, and some rare decorated floor tiles which were probably imported from the Low Countries in the late 15th or 16th century.
Search for heavy bottom-like quarks in 4.9 inverse femtobarns of pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Results are presented from a search for heavy bottom-like quarks, pair-produced in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV, undertaken with the CMS experiment at the LHC. The b' quarks are assumed to decay exclusively to tW. The b' anti-b' to t W(+) anti-t W(-) process can be identified by its distinctive signatures of three leptons or two leptons of same charge, and at least one b-quark jet. Using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.9 inverse femtobarns, observed events are compared to the standard model background predictions, and the existence of b' quarks having masses below 611 GeV is excluded at 95% confidence level.
description: Submitted to JHEP
Sabitov polynomials for volumes of polyhedra in four dimensions
Creators: name: Gaifullin, Alexander A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 51M25, 52B11, 13P15

description: In 1996 I.Kh. Sabitov proved that the volume of a simplicial polyhedron in a 3-dimensional Euclidean space is a root of certain polynomial with coefficients depending on the combinatorial type and on edge lengths of the polyhedron only. Moreover, the coefficients of this polynomial are polynomials in edge lengths of the polyhedron. This result implies that the volume of a simplicial polyhedron with fixed combinatorial type and edge lengths can take only finitely many values. In particular, this yields that the volume of a flexible polyhedron in a 3-dimensional Euclidean space is constant. Until now it has been unknown whether these results can be obtained in dimensions greater than 3. In this paper we prove that all these results hold for polyhedra in a 4-dimensional Euclidean space.
description: 23 pages; misprints corrected, Lemma 6.1 slightly rewritten, title changed
What We Are Learning About Guided Pathways
Creators: name: Jenkins, Paul Davis
name: Lahr, Hana Elizabeth
name: Fink, John
name: Ganga, Elizabeth Claire
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Community colleges
Community college students
Community college students--Services for

description: Since the publication of Redesigning America’s Community Colleges in 2015, guided pathways reform has become a national movement in community colleges. As of spring 2018, more than 250 community colleges have committed to undertaking large-scale guided pathways reforms as part of national, state, or regional efforts, and many other colleges are doing so on their own.

Guided pathways colleges are redesigning their policies, programs, and services to support student success in four major practice areas: mapping pathways to student end goals, helping students choose and enter a program pathway, keeping students on path, and ensuring that students are learning.

This practitioner packet looks at what implementing guided pathways entails, along with promising evidence from early adopters. Part 1 provides an overview of the changes in practice involved in the four areas of the guided pathways model. It also presents examples from colleges and data on improvements they have achieved in leading indicators of longer term success. Part 2 contains case studies of how colleges are approaching key pathways practices and includes data on promising trends in student progress and completion. Part 3 describes the process and timeline for implementing pathways and discusses how colleges can measure the effectiveness of their efforts.
Cyclic and Ekpyrotic Universes in Modified Finsler Osculating Gravity on Tangent Lorentz Bundles
Creators: name: Stavrinos, Panayiotis C.
name: Vacaru, Sergiu I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider models of accelerating Universe elaborated for Finsler like gravity theories constructed on tangent bundles to Lorentz manifolds. In the osculating approximation, certain locally anisotropic configurations are similar to those for f(R) gravity. This allows us to generalize a proposal (by Nojiri, Odintsov and Saez-Gomez, arXiv: 1108.0767) in order to reconstruct and compare two classes of Einstein-Finsler gravity, EFG, and f(R) gravity theories using modern cosmological data and realistic physical scenarios. We conclude that EFG provides inflation, acceleration and little rip evolution scenarios with realistic alternatives to standard Lambda CDM cosmology. The approach is based on a proof that there is a general decoupling property of gravitational field equations in EFG and modified theories which allows us to generate off-diagonal cosmological solutions.
description: latex2e, 28 pages, version accepted by CQG, with modifications and additional explanations and new references requested by referees
Sharp benefit-to-cost rules for the evolution of cooperation on regular graphs
Creators: name: Chen, Yu-Ting
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study two of the simple rules on finite graphs under the death-birth updating and the imitation updating discovered by Ohtsuki, Hauert, Lieberman and Nowak [Nature 441 (2006) 502-505]. Each rule specifies a payoff-ratio cutoff point for the magnitude of fixation probabilities of the underlying evolutionary game between cooperators and defectors. We view the Markov chains associated with the two updating mechanisms as voter model perturbations. Then we present a first-order approximation for fixation probabilities of general voter model perturbations on finite graphs subject to small perturbation in terms of the voter model fixation probabilities. In the context of regular graphs, we obtain algebraically explicit first-order approximations for the fixation probabilities of cooperators distributed as certain uniform distributions. These approximations lead to a rigorous proof that both of the rules of Ohtsuki et al. are valid and are sharp.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/12-AAP849 the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Exact exponents for the spin quantum Hall transition in the presence of multiple edge channels
Creators: name: Bondesan, Roberto
name: Gruzberg, Ilya A.
name: Jacobsen, Jesper Lykke
name: Obuse, Hideaki
name: Saleur, Hubert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Critical properties of quantum Hall systems are affected by the presence of extra edge channels - present, in particular, at higher plateau transitions. We study this phenomenon for the case of the spin quantum Hall transition. Using supersymmetry we map the corresponding network model to a classical loop model, whose boundary critical behavior was recently determined exactly. We verify predictions of the exact solution by extensive numerical simulations.
description: 5 pages and 4 page supplemental material, 4 figures
Program codes, plot scripts and main data for the paper CESM-ECDA System
Creators: name: Yingjing Jiang
name: Shaoqing Zhang
name: Jingzhe Sun
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: These are the scripts and main data (including Ps and SST in CTL, ADA and truth experiments) for the paper "An Online Ensemble Coupled Data Assimilation Capability for the Community Earth System Model: System Design and Evaluation". The program source codes of CESM-ECDA with FV dynamic core and SE dynamic core are also provided.
title: Intra-specific genetic diversity of the copepod, Eurytemora affinis, at multiple spatial scales
Creators: name: Winkler, Gesche
name: Souissi, Sami
name: Dodson, Julian
name: Castric, Vincent
Publisher: name: ASC 2010 - Theme session Q
Year: 2024
Subjects: Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Estuaries are under Local anthropogenic pressures Global climate change Major Concerns Ecosystem Health Conservation of biodiversity Biodiversity often cryptic, especially genetic variability related to sibling species. Focus in this study: Eurytemora affinis Distributed throughout the northern Hemisphere Dominant copepod in the estuarine transition zones (Laprise & Dodson 1994; Devreker et al. 2008) Key position in estuarine food webs (Winkler et al. 2003, Lionard et al. 2005, Shoji et al. 2005) Sibling species: morphologically similar but genetically divergent clades
Further Evidence for Bats as the Evolutionary Source of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus
Creators: name: Anthony, Simon John
name: Gilardi, K.
name: Menachery, V. D.
name: Goldstein, Tracey
name: Ssebide, B.
name: Mbabazi, R.
name: Navarrete Macias, Isamara
name: Liang, E.
name: Wells, Heather L.
name: Hicks, Allison L.
name: Petrosov, Alexandra
name: Byarugaba, D. K.
name: Debbink, K.
name: Dinnon, K. H.
name: Scobey, T.
name: Randell, S. H.
name: Yount, B. L.
name: Cranfield, M.
name: Johnson, C. K.
name: Baric, R. S.
name: Lipkin, W. Ian
name: Mazet, Jonna A. K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: MERS (Disease)
subject: Bats
subject: Epidemiology
subject: Coronaviruses

description: The evolutionary origins of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus (MERS-CoV) are unknown. Current evidence suggests that insectivorous bats are likely to be the original source, as several 2c CoVs have been described from various species in the family Vespertilionidae. Here, we describe a MERS-like CoV identified from a Pipistrellus cf. hesperidus bat sampled in Uganda (strain PREDICT/PDF-2180), further supporting the hypothesis that bats are the evolutionary source of MERS-CoV. Phylogenetic analysis showed that PREDICT/PDF-2180 is closely related to MERS-CoV across much of its genome, consistent with a common ancestry; however, the spike protein was highly divergent (46% amino acid identity), suggesting that the two viruses may have different receptor binding properties. Indeed, several amino acid substitutions were identified in key binding residues that were predicted to block PREDICT/PDF-2180 from attaching to the MERS-CoV DPP4 receptor. To experimentally test this hypothesis, an infectious MERS-CoV clone expressing the PREDICT/PDF-2180 spike protein was generated. Recombinant viruses derived from the clone were replication competent but unable to spread and establish new infections in Vero cells or primary human airway epithelial cells. Our findings suggest that PREDICT/PDF-2180 is unlikely to pose a zoonotic threat. Recombination in the S1 subunit of the spike gene was identified as the primary mechanism driving variation in the spike phenotype and was likely one of the critical steps in the evolution and emergence of MERS-CoV in humans.
The Pennsylvania Community Corrections Story
Creators: name: Schiraldi, Vincent N.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Community-based corrections
Criminal justice, Administration of
Parole
Parole--U.S. states
Probation

description: The sentencing of Philadelphia rap artist Meek Mill to imprisonment for probation violations committed a decade after his original offense has focused attention on probation and parole practices nationally and in Pennsylvania (NBC News 2017; Jay-Z 2017).

Unfortunately, Pennsylvania serves as a good example of how high rates of probation and parole can go hand-in-hand with, and contribute to, high incarceration rates. Pennsylvania has the highest incarceration rate in the Northeast, coupled with the third highest percentage of its citizens on probation and parole in the country. According to the Council of State Governments Justice Center (2017). Pennsylvania’s incarceration rate increased by 16% from 2005 to 2014, compared to New York’s and New Jersey’s which have declined by 18% and 24%, respectively.

While one out of every 53 adults is supervised by probation and parole nationally, in Pennsylvania, one out of every 34 adults is under community supervision, a rate 36% higher than the national average (Kaeble and Bonczar 2016). Only Georgia and Idaho have higher rates of community supervision than Pennsylvania.
The Milky Way has no thick disk
Creators: name: Bovy, Jo
name: Rix, Hans-Walter
name: Hogg, David W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Different stellar sub-populations of the Milky Way's stellar disk are known to have different vertical scale heights, their thickness increasing with age. Using SEGUE spectroscopic survey data, we have recently shown that mono-abundance sub-populations, defined in the [α/Fe]-[Fe/H] space, are well described by single exponential spatial-density profiles in both the radial and the vertical direction; therefore any star of a given abundance is clearly associated with a sub-population of scale height h_z. Here, we work out how to determine the stellar surface-mass density contributions at the solar radius R_0 of each such sub-population, accounting for the survey selection function, and for the fraction of the stellar population mass that is reflected in the spectroscopic target stars given populations of different abundances and their presumed age distributions. Taken together, this enables us to derive Σ_{R_0}(h_z), the surface-mass contributions of stellar populations with scale height h_z. Surprisingly, we find no hint of a thin-thick disk bi-modality in this mass-weighted scale-height distribution, but a smoothly decreasing function, approximately Σ_{R_0}(h_z)\propto \exp(-h_z), from h_z ~ 200 pc to h_z ~ 1 kpc. As h_z is ultimately the structurally defining property of a thin or thick disk, this shows clearly that the Milky Way has a continuous and monotonic distribution of disk thicknesses: there is no 'thick disk' sensibly characterized as a distinct component. We discuss how our result is consistent with evidence for seeming bi-modality in purely geometric disk decompositions, or chemical abundances analyses. We constrain the total visible stellar surface-mass density at the Solar radius to be Σ^*_{R_0} = 30 +/- 1 M_\odot pc^{-2}.
description: ApJ, in press
Plasmodium falciparum K13 Mutations Differentially Impact Ozonide Susceptibility and Parasite Fitness In Vitro
Creators: name: Straimer, Judith
name: Gnadig, Nina
name: Stokes, Barbara Hoyt Squeff
name: Ehrenberger, Michelle
name: Crane, Audrey A.
name: Fidock, David Armand
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Plasmodium falciparum
subject: Drug resistance
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Artemisinin
subject: Communicable diseases

description: The emergence and spread in Southeast Asia of Plasmodium falciparum resistance to artemisinin (ART) derivatives, the cornerstone of first-line artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs), underscore the urgent need to identify suitable replacement drugs. Discovery and development efforts have identified a series of ozonides with attractive chemical and pharmacological properties that are being touted as suitable replacements. Partial resistance to ART, defined as delayed parasite clearance in malaria patients treated with an ART derivative or an ACT, has been associated with mutations in the P. falciparum K13 gene. In light of reports showing that ART derivatives and ozonides share similar modes of action, we have investigated whether parasites expressing mutant K13 are cross-resistant to the ozonides OZ439 (artefenomel) and OZ227 (arterolane). This work used a panel of culture-adapted clinical isolates from Cambodia that were genetically edited to express variant forms of K13. Phenotypic analyses employed ring-stage survival assays (ring-stage survival assay from 0 to 3 h [RSA0–3h]), whose results have earlier been shown to correlate with parasite clearance rates in patients. Our results document cross-resistance between OZ277 and dihydroartemisinin (DHA), a semisynthetic derivative of ART, in parasites carrying the K13 mutations C580Y, R539T, and I543T. For OZ439, we observed cross-resistance only for parasites that carried the rare K13 I543T mutation, with no evidence of cross-resistance afforded by the prevalent C580Y mutation. Mixed-culture competition experiments with isogenic lines carrying modified K13 revealed variable growth deficits depending on the K13 mutation and parasite strain and provide a rationale for the broad dissemination of the fitness-neutral K13 C580Y mutation throughout strains currently circulating in Southeast Asia.
title: OLFISH Electronic Logbook: Bridging the gap between fisher, manager and scientist through cohesive data-logging
Creators: name: Barkai, Amos
name: Meredith, Guy
Publisher: name: ASC 2010 - Theme session R
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.One of the main setbacks to integrated knowledge management between fishers, managers and scientists is the lack of, and an inability to capture, reliable, eligible data. For scientists, unreliable data leads to a poor basis for stock assessment models and management programs. For industry, the lack of sound data significantly reduces fishing efficiency, since past performance cannot be studied properly. As a result, poor management decisions based on unreliable analyses are made, often with substantial cost and risk to fish resources and the fishing industry. A key step in addressing this issue is unifying all sectors with regard to data collection and management. In response to this need, Olrac, a South African Company, has developed an electronic logbook software, OLFISH, with the aim of bridging the datagaps between fisher, manager and scientist. The adaptive and flexible design of OLFISH makes it an effective and useful tool for ALL marine-related interest groups, from the fishers themselves to commercial managers, governmental agencies and scientists alike. OLFISH is used extensively in many fisheries around the world
A Variant PfCRT Isoform Can Contribute to Plasmodium falciparum Resistance to the First-Line Partner Drug Piperaquine
Creators: name: Dhingra, Satish Kumar
name: Redhi, Devasha
name: Combrinck, Jill M.
name: Yeo, Tomas
name: Okombo, John
name: Henrich, Philipp P.
name: Cowell, Annie N.
name: Gupta, Purva
name: Stegman, Matthew L.
name: Hoke, Jonathan M.
name: Cooper, Roland A.
name: Winzeler, Elizabeth
name: Mok, Sachel Shu Li
name: Egan, Timothy J.
name: Fidock, David Armand
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Plasmodium falciparum
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Antimalarials
subject: Biology

description: Current efforts to reduce the global burden of malaria are threatened by the rapid spread throughout Asia of Plasmodium falciparum resistance to artemisinin-based combination therapies, which includes increasing rates of clinical failure with dihydroartemisinin plus piperaquine (PPQ) in Cambodia. Using zinc finger nuclease-based gene editing, we report that addition of the C101F mutation to the chloroquine (CQ) resistance-conferring PfCRT Dd2 isoform common to Asia can confer PPQ resistance to cultured parasites. Resistance was demonstrated as significantly higher PPQ concentrations causing 90% inhibition of parasite growth (IC90) or 50% parasite killing (50% lethal dose [LD50]). This mutation also reversed Dd2-mediated CQ resistance, sensitized parasites to amodiaquine, quinine, and artemisinin, and conferred amantadine and blasticidin resistance. Using heme fractionation assays, we demonstrate that PPQ causes a buildup of reactive free heme and inhibits the formation of chemically inert hemozoin crystals. Our data evoke inhibition of heme detoxification in the parasite’s acidic digestive vacuole as the primary mode of both the bis-aminoquinoline PPQ and the related 4-aminoquinoline CQ. Both drugs also inhibit hemoglobin proteolysis at elevated concentrations, suggesting an additional mode of action. Isogenic lines differing in their pfmdr1 copy number showed equivalent PPQ susceptibilities. We propose that mutations in PfCRT could contribute to a multifactorial basis of PPQ resistance in field isolates.
title: A Systems Approach to Fisheries Science and Management: beyond management strategy evaluation
Creators: name: Cadrin, Steve
name: Rothschild, Brian
name: Westwood, Azure
name: O’Keefe, Cate
name: DeCelles, Greg
name: Keiley, Emily
name: Georgianna, Dan
Publisher: name: ASC 2010 - Theme session R
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Operations research is typically applied to fisheries science in the form of either adaptive management or ‘management strategy evaluation.’ Adaptive management implements alternative approaches to address specific problems and monitors effectiveness of actions. Management strategy evaluation uses an operating model to simulate fishery and survey data; the data are analyzed by a stock assessment model; assessment results are used for pre-defined management decisions; management decisions iteratively feed-back on the operating model; and performance of the harvest control rule is evaluated with respect to stated objectives. A systems approach to fisheries science and management combines the flexibility of adaptive management with the quantitative simulation of management strategy evaluation to provide a more holistic approach in which scientific and administrative investments can be optimized and objectives can be iteratively refined. The last two decades of global fishery management illustrate a series of evolving objectives: 1) avoiding recruitment overfishing; 2) incorporating uncertainty in a precautionary approach; 3) achieving maximum long-term yield by avoiding growth overfishing; 4) achieving optimal yield for multiple socioeconomic utilities; and 5) considering ecosystem approaches and utilities. Despite the substantial changes in system requirements associated with these developments, investments in fishery science have remained remarkably static, continuing conventions for fishery sampling and resource surveys that were designed in the context of past objectives and obsolete technologies. Application of new technologies are typically evaluated and implemented within the narrow objectives of each program rather than in the broader context of related programs and performance of the entire system. A systems approach to fisheries science and management offers a more strategic tool for maximizing investments in fisheries beyond the evaluation of alternative harvest rules.
Tight p-fusion frames
Creators: name: Bachoc, Christine
name: Ehler, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Fusion frames enable signal decompositions into weighted linear subspace components. For positive integers p, we introduce p-fusion frames, a sharpening of the notion of fusion frames. Tight p-fusion frames are closely related to the classical notions of designs and cubature formulas in Grassmann spaces and are analyzed with methods from harmonic analysis in the Grassmannians. We define the p-fusion frame potential, derive bounds for its value, and discuss the connections to tight p-fusion frames.
title: Ensuring the uptake and impact of marine fisheries research
Creators: name: Holmes, John
name: Lock, John
Publisher: name: ASC 2010 - Theme session R
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.This paper summarises the findings of the study which identified the strengths and weaknesses of current practices in Europe, and consequently how two-way communication and the effectiveness of generating evidence for marine fisheries policy making and management, can be improved. Conclusions and recommendations for „good practice‟ include: the need for fisheries ministries to have sufficient in-house scientific capacity to act as „intelligent customers‟; the importance of building good relationships between researchers, fisheries managers and their advisors, and with the fishing industry; and the need to carefully develop the skills and career paths of interpreters of research who play a key role in enabling effective communication and exchange between the research and policy/management communities.
Measurement of the underlying event in the Drell-Yan process in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A measurement of the underlying event (UE) activity in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV is performed using Drell--Yan events in a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.2 inverse femtobarns, collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The activity measured in the muonic final state (q q-bar to opposite-sign muons) is corrected to the particle level and compared with the predictions of various Monte Carlo generators and hadronization models. The dependence of the UE activity on the dimuon invariant mass is well described by PYTHIA and HERWIG++ tunes derived from the leading jet/track approach, illustrating the universality of the UE activity. The UE activity is observed to be independent of the dimuon invariant mass in the region above 40 GeV, while a slow increase is observed with increasing transverse momentum of the dimuon system. The dependence of the UE activity on the transverse momentum of the dimuon system is accurately described by MADGRAPH, which simulates multiple hard emissions.
description: Submitted to the European Journal of Physics C
A Validation of Causal Dynamical Triangulations
Creators: name: Kommu, Rajesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Causal Dynamical Triangulation (CDT) approach to quantum gravity is a lattice approximation to the gravitational path integral. Developed by Ambjørn, Jurkiewicz and Loll, it has yielded some important results, notably the emergence of classical spacetime and short scale dimensional reduction. However, virtually all the results reported so far have been based on a single computer code. In this paper we present the first completely independent verification of the CDT algorithm, and report the successful reproduction of the emergence of classical spacetime and smooth reduction in the spectral dimension of the 2+1 and 3+1 dimensional spacetimes.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures, updated references
Using pilot projects to reclaim public space for pedestrians : lessons from New York City and San Francisco
Creators: name: Peterson, Evan Franklin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: In North America, the development of a people-oriented public realm faces a number of political and financial barriers. As a result, conventional car-oriented built forms and policies perpetuate long after they have proven to be dysfunctional. Pilot-testing – the evaluative use of a trial intervention – is emerging as an effective way to overcome these barriers and pedestrianize small public spaces. This thesis sought to provide a better understanding of public space pilot projects and make recommendations about how municipalities can maximize the benefits and minimize the costs of this strategic tool. The researcher conducted an exploratory case study of the pilot programs in New York City and San Francisco, using focused interviews, archival analysis, and an assessment of documentation. The pilot-testing process from each city, as well as individual pilot projects, were described and evaluated using two analytical frameworks developed by the researcher. Planning implications (i.e., advantages and disadvantages) were then discussed and recommendations presented. Key findings from the case study include a) the importance of collaboration (e.g., with other city agencies) and partnerships (e.g., with local merchants) in making projects feasible and inexpensive; b) how exemption from most forms of review enables projects to overcome accountability and be implemented quickly; and c) the high value of iterative and incremental processes to public realm transitions. While needing to be thoughtfully employed, pilot projects are a timely and effective way to minimize costs, refine designs, and gain political, public, and financial support in the creation of people-oriented public spaces.
Evolutionary Dynamics of Pandemic Methicillin-Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus ST398 and Its International Spread via Routes of Human Migration
Creators: name: Uhlemann, Anne-Catrin
name: McAdam, Paul R.
name: Sullivan, Sean B.
name: Knox, Justin R.
name: Khiabanian, Hossein
name: Rabadan, Raul
name: Davies, Peter R.
name: Fitzgerald, J. Ross
name: Lowy, Franklin D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Staphylococcus aureus
Genomes--Data processing
Human beings--Migrations
Systems biology

description: Methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) accounts for the majority of S. aureus infections globally, and yet surprisingly little is known about its clonal evolution. We applied comparative whole-genome sequencing (WGS) analyses to epidemiologically and geographically diverse ST398-MSSA, a pandemic lineage affecting both humans and livestock. Bayesian phylogenetic analysis predicted divergence of human-associated ST398-MSSA ~40 years ago. Isolates from Midwestern pigs and veterinarians differed substantially from those in New York City (NYC). Pig ST398 strains contained a large region of recombination representing imports from multiple sequence types (STs). Phylogeographic analyses supported the spread of ST398-MSSA along local cultural and migratory links between parts of the Caribbean, North America, and France, respectively. Applying pairwise single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) distances as a measure of genetic relatedness between isolates, we observed that ST398 not only clustered in households but also frequently extended across local social networks. Isolates collected from environmental surfaces reflected the full diversity of colonizing individuals, highlighting their potentially critical role as reservoirs for transmission and diversification. Strikingly, we observed high within-host SNP variability compared to our previous studies on the dominant methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) clone USA300. Our data indicate that the dynamics of colonization, persistence, and transmission differ substantially between USA300-MRSA and ST398-MSSA. Taken together, our study reveals local and international routes of transmission for a major MSSA clone, indicating key impacts of recombination and mutation on genetic diversification and highlighting important ecological differences from epidemic USA300. Our study demonstrates extensive local and international routes of transmission for a major MSSA clone despite the lack of substantial antibiotic resistance.
title: Sharing Knowledge: the potential pitfalls and power of project databases
Creators: name: Simmance, Alison
name: Lock, John
Publisher: name: ASC 2010 - Theme session R
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.We have probably all received requests from others to download details of our research projects into a database, under the mistaken belief by the initiator that capturing details of projects in a data base will automatically help spread knowledge and avoid duplication. More often than not such requests are ignored or a quick dumping of un-edited data is seen to suffice. The MariFish project attempted to develop a fully comprehensive listing of all research currently being undertaken by the 18 European partners. The aims were quite clear - to identify possible overlap, duplication and gaps. Despite the support promised by all partners, less than 30% provided the details requested. Reasons given were lack of time, available text not in English, and comprehensive project lists not held by any central unit. As a result of this failure, another approach was used to capture as much information about current research on a specific, high priority area of research – discards. The technique adopted was more direct, using personal contacts, explaining fully why the information was needed, and using a central resource to edit and load data. Once a comprehensive picture of current research on discards was achieved a detailed analysis was undertaken. A clear picture of discard research emerged including what the current emphasis is, where collaboration could occur, and where there are gaps. The conclusion is that project databases are potentially powerful, but have to be set up with care and forethought.
b -> sll results from LHCb
Creators: name: Pomery, Gabriela Johanna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: LHCb has made a large contibution to the study and measurment of b->sll transitions. Since Run1 many tensions with the SM have occured, and LHCb has many analyses dedicated to study these tensions. This talk addresses the anomalies seen by LHCb, new measurements in b->sll decays and a insight into what the future holds for b->sll transitions at LHCb.
The Research Data Insider: EOSC-ENTRUST and NORTRE
Creators: name: Stansberg, Christine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Presentation is part of the research data insider series:

This RDA research data insider gives an introduction to Trusted Research Environments (TREs) and the EOSC-ENTRUST project. TREs are secure physical or digital environments for secure storage and analysis of sensitive research data, such as TSD, HUNT Cloud and SAFE in Norway. The Horizon Europe INFRAEOSC project EOSC-ENTRUST aims to create a European network of such TREs and to drive European Interoperability of sensitive data by developing a common blueprint for federated data access and analysis. 

This webinar will give insights into the EOSC-ENTRUST project and how the three Norwegian TREs, who are now joining forces under the name NORTRE, contribute to developing the blueprint architecture in EOSC-ENTRUST.

Christine Stansberg leads the SAFE infrastructure and the product line for sensitive research data at the IT division at the University of Bergen.
Kondo effect in the presence of spin-orbit coupling
Creators: name: Isaev, L.
name: Agterberg, D. F.
name: Vekhter, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the T=0 Kondo physics of a spin-1/2 impurity in a non-centrosymmetric metal with spin-orbit interaction. Within a simple variational approach we compute ground state properties of the system for an {\it arbitrary} form of spin-orbit coupling consistent with the crystal symmetry. This coupling produces an unscreened impurity magnetic moment and can lead to a significant change of the Kondo energy. We discuss implications of this finding both for dilute impurities and for heavy-fermion materials without inversion symmetry.
description: TeXLive (Unix), revtex4-1, 5 pages
Highlights from SM Higgs (Higgs to fermions)
Creators: name: Hirose, Minoru
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Recently published results of the Higgs to fermion coupling measurements are presented. Higgs-Top coupling are excluded because of the separate talk. The slides summarises a variety of CMS and ATLAS results for the Hbb and Htautau analyses. Then, describing the recent progress on the Higgs to 2nd and 1st generation particles.
title: A GaN-based DC/DC converter for e-vehicles applications
Creators: name: Sprunck, Sebastian
name: De Oliveira, Eduardo Facanha
name: Zacharias, Peter
name: Pfeiffer, Jonas
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Gallium Nitride (GaN)
subject: power converters for EV
subject: wide bandgap devices
subject: thermal design
subject: on-board auxiliary power supply system
subject: magnetic device
subject: 620
subject: Elektrofahrzeug
subject: Kraftfahrzeugbatterie
subject: Gleichstromantrieb
subject: Konverter

description: Proceedings of the 22nd European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'20 ECCE Europe), held 7-11 September 2020 in Lyon, France.
description: The authors acknowledge the financial support by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) in the framework of project HELENE number 16EMO0234
Strategies for promoting real-world connections in problem solving for introductory physics
Creators: name: Martinuk, Mathew Alexander
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: It is well known that students’ beliefs about the nature of knowledge and learning in physics affect their motivation and learning in this subject. In this thesis I examine a course transformation that presented the entire course in terms of real-world circumstances and problems which was intended to promote students’ perception of the relevance of physics to the real world and to enable them to develop problem-solving skills for addressing complex real-world problems. By examining course-wide surveys I demonstrate that the intended improvement in students’ perception of the relevance of physics did not occur, suggesting that teaching physics in a real-world context is not, in itself, sufficient for improving students’ belief in the relevance of physics. Two interview studies reveal some of the features that students report are important in their perception of the relevance of physics to the real world. I use the theoretical framework of epistemological framing and resources to study students’ response to complex real-world problems that were intended to promote students’ use of real-world knowledge and enable development of expert-like problem-solving skills. I argue that students’ use of real-world knowledge within a physics context are opportunities for them to develop a more favorable attitude towards physics in general and develop a coding scheme for identifying these instances. This study demonstrates that students’ use of their real-world knowledge in physics is highly correlated with their framing of their activity as conceptual (rather than procedural) discussion. In addition, I demonstrate that the course’s structured problem solving method is not effective at promoting conceptual discussion at appropriate times during the problem-solving process.
title: Monitoring of recreational fishing of seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) in France: output from a dual methodology (telephone survey and diary)
Creators: name: Herfaut, Johanna
name: Levrel, Harold
name: Drogou, Mickael
name: Véron, Gérard
Publisher: name: ASC 2010 - Theme session R
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.The first national survey on recreational fishing in France (2006–2008) revealed that sea bass was the main target species for recreational fishers. At the same time, the Data Collection Framework required that EU Member States monitor catches of sea bass. Therefore, in 2009, a new study has been launched to monitor sea bass recreational fishing more accurately. The method used was based first on a telephone survey conducted in the coastal departments of facades of English Channel, North Sea, and Atlantic. The 2006–2008 national database allowed us to extrapolate results to other departments and to obtain assessment on a national scale. Second, the telephone survey gave us the opportunity to recruit volunteer fishers. These volunteers complete logbooks with accurate description of their fishing trips: species caught, weights, sizes, locations (based on ICES subareas) and times of fishing are detailed. Logbooks are returned every three months (or every 20 outings) over a period of a year to monitor all fishing seasons. Both sources of information are then combined to produce estimation of catches and meet the requirements of the DCF. The coupling of these two surveys is achieved through ten types of recreational fishers. These types have been defined previously through the frequency of fishing (number of outings) and the mode of fishing (angling, spear fishing, etc.). The main goal of this dual methodology was to supply both representative and accurate data on recreational fishing. We will present in this communication the results obtained from it and what are the main problems we faced.