cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quantum Lower Bounds for Approximate Counting via Laurent Polynomials
Creators: name: Aaronson, Scott
name: Kothari, Robin
name: Kretschmer, William
name: Thaler, Justin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study quantum algorithms that are given access to trusted and untrusted quantum witnesses. We establish strong limitations of such algorithms, via new techniques based on Laurent polynomials (i.e., polynomials with positive and negative integer exponents). Specifically, we resolve the complexity of approximate counting, the problem of multiplicatively estimating the size of a nonempty set $S \subseteq [N]$, in two natural generalizations of quantum query complexity. Our first result holds in the standard Quantum Merlin--Arthur ($\mathsf{QMA}$) setting, in which a quantum algorithm receives an untrusted quantum witness. We show that, if the algorithm makes $T$ quantum queries to $S$, and also receives an (untrusted) $m$-qubit quantum witness, then either $m = Ω(|S|)$ or $T=Ω\bigl(\sqrt{N/\left| S\right| } \bigr)$. This is optimal, matching the straightforward protocols where the witness is either empty, or specifies all the elements of $S$. As a corollary, this resolves the open problem of giving an oracle separation between $\mathsf{SBP}$, the complexity class that captures approximate counting, and $\mathsf{QMA}$. In our second result, we ask what if, in addition to a membership oracle for $S$, a quantum algorithm is also given "QSamples" -- i.e., copies of the state $\left| S\right\rangle = \frac{1}{\sqrt{\left| S\right| }} \sum_{i\in S}|i\rangle$ -- or even access to a unitary transformation that enables QSampling? We show that, even then, the algorithm needs either $Θ\bigl(\sqrt{N/\left| S\right| }\bigr)$ queries or else $Θ\bigl(\min \bigl\{\left| S\right| ^{1/3}, \sqrt{N/\left| S\right| }\bigr\}\bigr)$ QSamples or accesses to the unitary. Our lower bounds in both settings make essential use of Laurent polynomials, but in different ways.
description: This paper subsumes preprints arXiv:1808.02420 and arXiv:1902.02398. v1: 43 pages. v2: Results strengthened. v3: Minor revisions and references to followup work. 50 pages, 3 figures. To appear in CCC 2020
The Darboux mapping of canal hypersurfaces
Creators: name: Akivis, Maks A.
name: Goldberg, Vladislav V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53A30, 53A20, 53B25 (Primary) 53A35, 53A40 (Secondary)

description: The geometry of canal hypersurfaces of an n-dimensional conformal space C^n is studied. Such hypersurfaces are envelopes of r-parameter families of hyperspheres, 1 \leq r \leq n-2. In the present paper the conditions that characterize canal hypersurfaces, and which were known earlier, are made more precise. The main attention is given to the study of the Darboux maps of canal hypersurfaces in the de Sitter space M_1^{n+1} and the projective space P^{n+1}. To canal hypersurfaces there correspond r-dimensional spacelike tangentially nondegenerate submanifolds in M_1^{n+1} and tangentially degenerate hypersurfaces of rank r in P^{n+1}. In this connection the problem of existence of singular points on canal hypersurfaces is considered.
description: LaTeX, 19 pages; to be published in Beitraege Algebra Geom
Computing Euler factors of genus 2 curves at odd primes of almost good reduction
Creators: name: Maistret, Céline
name: Sutherland, Andrew V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11G40 (Primary), 14G10, 14H45, 14Q05, 14Q25 (Secondary)

description: We present an efficient algorithm to compute the Euler factor of a genus 2 curve C/Q at an odd prime p that is of bad reduction for C but of good reduction for the Jacobian of C (a prime of ``almost good'' reduction). Our approach is based on the theory of cluster pictures introduced by Dokchitser, Dokchitser, Maistret, and Morgan, which allows us to reduce the problem to a short, explicit computation over Z and Fp, followed by a point-counting computation on two elliptic curves over Fp, or a single elliptic curve over Fp^2. A key feature of our approach is that we avoid the need to compute a regular model for C. This allows us to efficiently compute many examples that are infeasible to handle using the algorithms currently available in computer algebra systems such as Magma and Pari/GP.
description: 19 pages, 5 tables; minor edits
Additional file 1: of Health-related quality of life in men with prostate cancer undergoing active surveillance versus radical prostatectomy, external-beam radiotherapy, prostate brachytherapy and reference population: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Sureda, A.
name: FumadĂł, L.
name: Ferrer, M.
name: GarĂ­n, O.
name: Bonet, X.
name: Castells, M.
name: Mir, M.
name: Abascal, J.
name: ViguĂŠs, F.
name: Cecchini, L.
name: SuĂĄrez, J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Table S1. Comparison between matched and non-matched patients. (DOCX 19 kb)
Qixian shangxue 七賢賞雪 Q00569_01_A
Creators: name: Admin, Textcourt
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 470515
subject: Literature in Chinese

description: Launched in October 2019 at the University of Oxford, TEXTCOURT: Linking the Textual Worlds of Chinese Court Theater, ca. 1600-1800 is a five-year research project whose aim is to develop a digital archive of court drama texts to connect and link them with their local and global contexts. The project will enable textual studies of Chinese court drama and produce research publications and an anthology of English translations. It will contribute to the understanding of the role of Chinese court drama in world court cultures.
MOESM1 of Metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli carrying the hybrid acetone-biosynthesis pathway for efficient acetone biosynthesis from acetate
Creators: name: Yang, Hao
name: Huang, Bing
name: Lai, Ningyu
name: Gu, Yang
name: Li, Zhimin
name: Ye, Qin
name: Wu, Hui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1. Additional tables and figures.
Additional file 4: of Manipulation of spermatogonial stem cells in livestock species
Creators: name: Filipp Savvulidi
name: Ptacek, Martin
name: Vargova, Karina Savvulidi
name: Ludek Stadnik
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This could indicate either that a) donor stem cells are able to compete successfully with endogenous stem cells for available niches or b) there are vacant niches in the testes of livestock species that can be occupied by transplanted donor cells (discussed in [39]). (DOCX 11 kb)
Flattened bispectrum of the scalar-induced gravitational waves
Creators: name: Zhu, Qing-Hua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent pulsar timing array collaborations have reported evidence of the stochastic gravitational wave background. The gravitational waves induced by primordial curvature perturbations, referred to as scalar-induced gravitational waves (SIGWs), could potentially be the physical origins of the gravitational wave background. Due to nonlinearity of Einstein's gravity, there is non-Gaussianity of SIGWs even when the sourced primordial curvature perturbation is Gaussian. This paper investigates the intrinsic non-Gaussianity of SIGWs influenced by formation of primordial black holes. Specifically, we examine whether spectral width of Gaussian primordial curvature perturbations can affect non-Gaussianity of SIGWs. In order to ensure us to correctly quantify the degree of non-Gaussianity, we introduce an oscillation average scheme that can conserve the exact results of skewness of SIGWs. In this framework, the oscillation of SIGWs not only suppresses the bispectrum amplitude but also leads to a flattened-type bispectrum. Based on our results of skewness, it is found that the primordial curvature power spectrum with a narrower width can enhance the intrinsic non-Gaussianity.
description: 37 pages, 11 figures, accepted version in EPJC
Grothendieck polynomials and the Boson-Fermion correspondence
Creators: name: Iwao, Shinsuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05E05, 05A10

description: In this paper we study algebraic and combinatorial properties of Grothendieck polynomials and their dual polynomials by means of the Boson-Fermion correspondence. We show that these symmetric functions can be expressed as a vacuum expectation value of some operator that is written in terms of free-fermions. By using the free-fermionic expressions, we obtain alternative proofs of determinantal formulas and Pieri type formulas.
description: 19 pages
On numbers and endgames: Combinatorial game theory in chess endgames
Creators: name: Elkies, Noam D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 90D46, 90D80

description: In an investigation of the applications of Combinatorial Game Theory to chess, we construct novel mutual Zugzwang positions, explain an otherwise mysterious pawn endgame from "A Guide to Chess Endings" (Euwe and Hooper), show positions containing non-integer values (fractions, switches, tinies, and loopy games), and pose open problems concerning the values that may be realized by positions on either standard or nonstandard chessboards.
description: 18 pages, including many chess diagrams printed with the Tutelaers fonts (differs only in trivial stylistic details from the version published in "Games of No Chance")
Central Extensions of the Quasi-orthogonal Lie algebras
Creators: name: de Azcarraga, J. A.
name: Herranz, F. J.
name: Bueno, J. C. Perez
name: Santander, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the central extensions of a whole family of Lie algebras, obtained by the method of graded contractions from so(N+1), N arbitrary. All the inhomogeneous orthogonal and pseudo-orthogonal algebras are members of this family, as well as a large number of other non-semisimple algebras, all of which have at least a semidirect structure (in some cases two or more). The dimensions of their second cohomology groups H^2(G,R) and the explicit expression of their central extensions are given.
description: Latex file. 32 pages. Minor changes. To appear in J. Phys. A
title: Murine precision-cut liver slices (PCLS)
title: a new tool for studying tumor microenvironments and cell signaling ex vivo
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Koch, Alexandra
name: Saran, Shashank
name: Tran, Doan Duy Hai
name: Klebba-Färber, Sabine
name: Thiesler, Hauke
name: Sewald, Katherina
name: Schindler, Susann
name: Braun, Armin
name: Klopfleisch, Robert
name: Tamura, Teruko
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft

description: Background One of the most insidious characteristics of cancer is its spread to and ability to compromise distant organs via the complex process of metastasis. Communication between cancer cells and organ-resident cells via cytokines/chemokines and direct cell-cell contacts are key steps for survival, proliferation and invasion of metastasized cancer cells in organs. Precision- cut liver slices (PCLS) are considered to closely reflect the in vivo situation and are potentially useful for studying the interaction of cancer cells with liver-resident cells as well as being a potentially useful tool for screening anti-cancer reagents. Application of the PCLS technique in the field of cancer research however, has not yet been well developed. Results We established the mouse PCLS system using perfluorodecalin (PFD) as an artificial oxygen carrier. Using this system we show that the adherence of green fluorescent protein (GFP) labeled MDA-MB-231 (highly invasive) cells to liver tissue in the PCLS was 5-fold greater than that of SK-BR-3 (less invasive) cells. In addition, we generated PCLS from THOC5, a member of transcription/export complex (TREX), knockout (KO) mice. The PCLS still expressed Gapdh or Albumin mRNAs at normal levels, while several chemokine/growth factor or metalloprotease genes, such as Cxcl12, Pdgfa, Tgfb, Wnt11, and Mmp1a genes were downregulated more than 2-fold. Interestingly, adhesion of cancer cells to THOC5 KO liver slices was far less (greater than 80% reduction) than to wild-type liver slices. Conclusion Mouse PCLS cultures in the presence of PFD may serve as a useful tool for screening local adherence and invasiveness of individual cancer cells, since single cells can be observed. This method may also prove useful for identification of genes in liver-resident cells that support cancer invasion by using PCLS from transgenic liver.
Additional file 2: of Discovery of KIRREL as a biomarker for prognostic stratification of patients with thin melanoma
Creators: name: Lundgren, Sebastian
name: Fagerstrรถm-Vahman, Helena
name: Zhang, Cheng
name: Ben-Dror, Liv
name: Mardinoglu, Adil
name: Uhlen, Mathias
name: Nodin, Bjรถrn
name: Jirstrรถm, Karin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Associations of KIRREL protein expression with clinicopathological factors in the entire cohort. (DOCX 22 kb)
Strong coupling Bose polarons in a two-dimensional gas
Creators: name: Ardila, L. A. Peña
name: Astrakharchik, G. E.
name: Giorgini, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the properties of Bose polarons in two dimensions using quantum Monte Carlo techniques. Results for the binding energy, the effective mass, and the quasiparticle residue are reported for a typical strength of interactions in the gas and for a wide range of impurity-gas coupling strengths. A lower and an upper branch of the quasiparticle exist. The lower branch corresponds to an attractive polaron and spans from the regime of weak coupling where the impurity acts as a small density perturbation of the surrounding medium to deep bound states which involve many particles from the bath and extend as far as the healing length. The upper branch corresponds to an excited state where due to repulsion a low-density bubble forms around the impurity but might be unstable against decay into many-body bound states. Interaction effects strongly affect the quasiparticle properties of the polaron. In particular, in the strongly correlated regime, the impurity features a vanishing quasiparticle residue, signaling the transition from an almost free quasiparticle to a bound state involving many atoms from the bath.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures,
Deep Transient Optical Fading in the WC9 Star WR 106
Creators: name: Kato, T.
name: Haseda, K.
name: Takamizawa, K.
name: Yamaoka, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discovered that the WR9-type star WR 106 (HDE 313643) underwent a deep episodic fading in 2000. The depth of the fading (dV ~ 2.9 mag) surpassed those of all known similar "eclipse-like" fadings in WR stars. This fading episode was likely to be produced by a line-of-sight episodic dust formation rather than a periodic enhancement of dust production in the WR-star wind during the passage of the companion star though an elliptical orbit. The overall 2000 episode was composed of at least two distinct fadings. These individual fadings seem to more support that the initial dust formation triggered a second dust formation, or that the two independent dust formations occurred by the same triggering mechanism rather than a stepwise dust formation. We also discuss on phenomenological similarity of the present fading with the double fading of R CrB observed in 1999-2000.
description: 3 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Astron. Astrophys. (Letters)
The Computational Complexity of Knot and Link Problems
Creators: name: Hass, Joel
name: Lagarias, Jeffrey C.
name: Pippenger, Nicholas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M25; 68Q15

description: We consider the problem of deciding whether a polygonal knot in 3-dimensional Euclidean space is unknotted, capable of being continuously deformed without self-intersection so that it lies in a plane. We show that this problem, {\sc unknotting problem} is in {\bf NP}. We also consider the problem, {\sc unknotting problem} of determining whether two or more such polygons can be split, or continuously deformed without self-intersection so that they occupy both sides of a plane without intersecting it. We show that it also is in NP. Finally, we show that the problem of determining the genus of a polygonal knot (a generalization of the problem of determining whether it is unknotted) is in {\bf PSPACE}. We also give exponential worst-case running time bounds for deterministic algorithms to solve each of these problems. These algorithms are based on the use of normal surfaces and decision procedures due to W. Haken, with recent extensions by W. Jaco and J. L. Tollefson.
description: 32 pages, 1 figure
On inverses of some permutation polynomials over finite fields of characteristic three
Creators: name: Zheng, Yanbin
name: Wang, Fu
name: Wang, Libo
name: Wei, Wenhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11T06

description: By using the piecewise method, Lagrange interpolation formula and Lucas' theorem, we determine explicit expressions of the inverses of a class of reversed Dickson permutation polynomials and some classes of generalized cyclotomic mapping permutation polynomials over finite fields of characteristic three.
Evolution and colours of helium-core white dwarf stars: the case of low metallicity progenitors
Creators: name: Serenelli, A. M.
name: Althaus, L. G.
name: Rohrmann, R. D.
name: Benvenuto, O. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present work is designed to explore the evolution of helium-core white dwarf (HeWD) stars for the case of metallicities much lower than the solar one (Z=0.001 and Z=0.0002). Evolution is followed in a self-consistent way with the predictions of detalied and new non-grey atmospheres, time-dependent element diffusion and the history of the white dwarf progenitor. Reliable initial models for low mass HeWDs are obtained by applying mass loss rates to a 1msun stellar model. The loss of angular momentum caused by gravitational wave emission and magnetic stellar wind braking are considered. Model atmospheres, based on a detailed treatment of the microphysics entering the WD atmosphere enable us to provide accurate colours and magnitudes at both early and advanced evolutionary stages. We find that most of our evolutionary sequences experience several episodes of hydrogen thermonuclear flashes. In particular, the lower the metallicity, the larger the minimum stellar mass for the occurrence fo flashes induced by CNO cycle reactions. The existence of a mass-threshold for the occurrence of diffusion-induced CNO flashes leadss to a marked dichotomy in the age of our models. Another finding of this study is that our HeWD models experience unstable hydrogen burning via PP nuclear reactions at late cooling stages as a result of hydrogen chemically diffusing inwards. Such PP flashes take place in models with very low metal content. We also find that models experiencing CNO flashes exhibit a pronouncede turn-off in most of their colours at M_V=16 approximately. Finally, colour-magnitude diagrams for our models are presented and compared with recent observational data of HeWD candidates in the globular clusters NGC 6397 and 47 Tucanae.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Soft X-ray heating as a mechanism of optical continuum generation in solar-type star superflares
Creators: name: Nizamov, B. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superflares on the solar type stars observed by \textit{Kepler} demonstrate the contrast in the optical continuum of the order 0.1--1 per cent. The mechanism of formation of this radiation is not firmly established. We consider a model where the stellar atmosphere is irradiated by the soft X rays emitted from the flaring loop filled with the hot plasma. This radiation heats a large area beneath the loop. Subsequent cooling due to {\sc h$^{-}$} and hydrogen free-bound emission can contribute to the observed enhanced continuum. We solve the equations of radiative transfer, statistical equilibrium, ionization balance and radiative equilibrium in the model atmosphere illuminated by the soft X rays, compute the temperature and the electron density in the atmosphere and find the emergent radiation. We found that a flare loop of the length $\sim10^{10}$~cm and plasma density $10^{12}$~cm$^{-3}$ at the temperature $T = 20$ MK can provide the contrast in the \textit{Kepler} bandpass of 0.1 and 0.8 per cent if the heated region covers $\sim$~1 and 10 per cent of the visible stellar surface respectively. The required emission measure is of the order $10^{55}$~cm$^{-3}$.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Dynamic Markets with Many Agents: Applications in Social Learning and Competition
Creators: Ifrach, Bar
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Operations research
Economics

description: This thesis considers two applications in dynamics economic models with many agents. The dynamics of the economic systems under consideration are intractable since they depend on the (stochastic) outcomes of the agents' actions. However, as the number of agents grows large, approximations to the aggregate behavior of agents come to light. I use this observation to characterize market dynamics and subsequently to study these applications.
Chapter 2 studies the problem of devising a pricing strategy to maximize the revenues extracted from a stream of consumers with heterogenous preferences. Consumers, however, do not know the quality of the product or service and engage in a social learning process to learn it. Using a mean-field approximation the transient of this social learning process is uncovered and the pricing problem is analyzed.
Chapter 3 adds to the previous chapter in analyzing features of this social learning process with finitely many agents. In addition, the chapter generalizes the information structure to include cases where consumers take into account the order in which reviews were submitted.
Chapter 4 considers a model of dynamic oligopoly competition in the spirit of models that are widespread in industrial organization. The computation of equilibrium strategies of such models suffers from the curse of dimensionality when the number of agents (firms) is large. For a market structure with few dominant firms and many fringe firms, I study an alternative equilibrium concept in which fringe firms are represented succinctly with a low dimensional set of statistics. The chapter explores how this new equilibrium concept expands the class of dynamic oligopoly models that can be studied computationally in empirical work.
Muon pair production via photon-induced scattering at the CLIC in models with extra dimensions
Creators: name: Inan, S. C.
name: Kisselev, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The photon-induced dimuon production $e^+ e^- \to e^+ γγe^- \to e^+ μ^+ μ^- e^-$ at the CLIC is studied in the framework of three models with extra dimensions. The electron beam energies 750 GeV and 1500 GeV are considered. The total cross sections are calculated depending on the minimal transverse momenta of the final muons. The sensitivity bounds on the parameters of the models are obtained as functions of the CLIC integrated luminosity.
description: 37 pages, 19 figures. Several formulas with comments are added. Figures 13 and 14 are corrected, figure 19 is added
Additional file 3: of Manipulation of spermatogonial stem cells in livestock species
Creators: name: Filipp Savvulidi
name: Ptacek, Martin
name: Vargova, Karina Savvulidi
name: Ludek Stadnik
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Because DSB are potentially lethal, the cell activates mechanisms to repair the DSB damage through the NHEJ or the HR processes, two major cellular DNA repair pathways [190]. The molecular nature of these pathways is complex, and a detailed overview of these pathways is outside the scope of the present review. Readers interesting in DNA repair by NHEJ or HR should refer reviews published elsewhere [190, 191]. However, for present review, it is important to introduce the difference between two: NHEJ is the more frequent, although imperfect, error-prone repair pathway that results in insertions and deletions (indels) at the break site [75]. These short DNA indels create targeted gene knockouts by inducing a frameshift of the amino acid codons and the formation of a premature stop codon [192]. On the other hand, HR is known to be more precise and is able to introduce the specific exogeneous nucleotide sequences into the repaired DNA (if donor template DNA is provided) [94]. (DOCX 12 kb)
Cuizhu jingjie 翠竹勁節 Q00568_01_A
Creators: name: Admin, Textcourt
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 470515
subject: Literature in Chinese

description: Launched in October 2019 at the University of Oxford, TEXTCOURT: Linking the Textual Worlds of Chinese Court Theater, ca. 1600-1800 is a five-year research project whose aim is to develop a digital archive of court drama texts to connect and link them with their local and global contexts. The project will enable textual studies of Chinese court drama and produce research publications and an anthology of English translations. It will contribute to the understanding of the role of Chinese court drama in world court cultures.
How much statehood does it take – and what for?
Creators: name: Börzel, Tanja A.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::320 Politikwissenschaft

description: This paper explores how much statehood it takes to make governance with/out the state work. The first part discusses the relationship between governance, state, and statehood. The distinction between governance as structure and governance as process allows us to disentangle state and statehood. The second part of the paper explores the different functions statehood has for governance. While there may be functional equivalents to the shadow of hierarchy, there is more to statehood than the threat of hierarchically imposed regulation. Effective and legitimate governance may require at least some (external) form of consolidated statehood. The final part of the paper discusses varieties of statehood, arguing that the challenge for areas of limited statehood is not the lack of exclusivity of statehood but the need for an order of shared and divided statehood. The paper concludes by considering the dark sides of statehood, cautioning against building states without strengthening the rule of law and democracy.
description: Das Papier diskutiert, wie viel Staatlichkeit es braucht, damit Governance mit sowie ohne Staat funktionieren kann. Im ersten Teil wird der Zusammenhang zwischen Governance, Staat und Staatlichkeit thematisiert. Der zweite Teil des Papiers untersucht die unterschiedlichen Funktionen von Staatlichkeit für Governance. Während es durchaus funktionale Äquivalente zum Schatten der Hierarchie gibt, besteht Staatlichkeit aus mehr als der Fähigkeit, einseitig kollektiv verbindliche Regelungen zu festzulegen und durchzusetzen. Effektives und legitimes Regieren verlangt deshalb zumindest eine (externe) Form von konsolidierter Staatlichkeit. Im letzten Teil werden unterschiedliche Formen von Staatlichkeit vorgestellt. Dabei wird klar, dass die Herausforderung für Räume begrenzter Staatlichkeit nicht im Mangel an Exklusivität, sondern im Bedarf an einer Ordnung für geteilte Staatlichkeit besteht. Das Papier schließt mit einer Betrachtung der Schattenseiten von (ungebundener) Staatlichkeit und warnt vor einem einseitigen ‚State-Building‘, das nicht gleichzeitig Demokratie und Rechtsstaatlichkeit stärkt.
Universality classes of non-Hermitian random matrices
Creators: name: Hamazaki, Ryusuke
name: Kawabata, Kohei
name: Kura, Naoto
name: Ueda, Masahito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-Hermitian random matrices have been utilized in such diverse fields as dissipative and stochastic processes, mesoscopic physics, nuclear physics, and neural networks. However, the only known universal level-spacing statistics is that of the Ginibre ensemble characterized by complex-conjugation symmetry. Here we report our discovery of two other distinct universality classes characterized by transposition symmetry. We find that transposition symmetry alters repulsive interactions between two neighboring eigenvalues and deforms their spacing distribution. Such alteration is not possible with other symmetries including Ginibre's complex-conjugation symmetry which can affect only nonlocal correlations. Our results complete the non-Hermitian counterpart of Wigner-Dyson's threefold universal statistics of Hermitian random matrices and serve as a basis for characterizing nonintegrability and chaos in open quantum systems with symmetry.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables
Graded contractions and bicrossproduct structure of deformed inhomogeneous algebras
Creators: name: de Azcarraga, J. A.
name: del Olmo, M.
name: Bueno, J. C. Perez
name: Santander, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A family of deformed Hopf algebras corresponding to the classical maximal isometry algebras of zero-curvature N-dimensional spaces (the inhomogeneous algebras iso(p,q), p+q=N, as well as some of their contractions) are shown to have a bicrossproduct structure. This is done for both the algebra and, in a low-dimensional example, for the (dual) group aspects of the deformation.
description: LaTeX file, 20 pages. Trivial changes. To appear in J. Phys. A
title: Globale Akteure in der Kaspischen Region
title: Staaten, Ölfirmen und Ölexportwege
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Haase, Nadine
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::320 Politikwissenschaft
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::330 Wirtschaft::333 Boden- und Energiewirtschaft

description: Die vorliegende Untersuchung analysiert die Verhandlungsprozesse um die Routen der trans-nationalen Ölexportwege im Zeitraum von 1993 bis 2003, die auf eine Verbindung der land-umschlossenen Kaspischen Region mit dem Weltmarkt zielen. Im Zentrum der Arbeit steht die unterschiedliche Verteilung von Kosten und Gewinnen innerhalb von Pipelineprojekten auf die beteiligten Staaten und Ölfirmen. Anhand der Ölpipeline Baku-Ceyhan (BTC-Projekt) und der Ölleitung des Caspian Pipeline Consortium (CPC-Projekt) wird gezeigt, dass die Einflussfakto-ren „Ölpreis“ und „Struktur des Produktionskonsortiums“ verantwortlich sind für eine stärkere Durchsetzung privatwirtschaftlicher Präferenzen gegenüber den Präferenzen der staatlichen Akteure. Zum einen stärken demnach Multinationale Konsortien die Durchsetzungskraft der Ölfirmen als Gruppe. Zum anderen wirkt der Ölpreis gleichermaßen als Einflussgröße auf das Verhalten staatlicher wie privat-wirtschaftlicher Akteure, wenn die Staatsbudgets der staatli-chen Akteure stark von der Ölrente abhängig sind. Den theoretischen Hintergrund der Unter-suchung bildet die Internationale Politische Ökonomie in der Interpretation von Susan Stran-ge.
description: This study analyses the negotiations of transnational oil export routes between 1993 and 2003 which aim to connect the Caspian region with the world oil market. The focus of this thesis is on the different distribution of costs and profits between involved states and oil companies with regard to various pipeline projects. By analysing two oil pipeline projects, the Baku-Ceyhan Pipeline and the export route of the Caspian Pipeline Consortium, it is demonstrated methodologically that the independent variables “oil price” and “structure of the production consortium” are responsible for a stronger enforcement of private vis-à-vis state preferences. The following two major findings have been generated: Firstly, multinational consortia strengthen the oil companies as a group to enforce their preferences. Secondly, the oil price influences the behaviour of state actors to a similar extent than private actors in case their state budgets are heavily dependent on oil rents. The theoretical background of this study refers to the International Political Economy approach by Susan Strange.
绘制PBC患者外周血和肝脏的单细胞转录组图谱
Creators: name: 杨益大(Yida Yang)
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2024
Subjects: Transcriptome or Gene expression
Monoisolate

description: Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a chronic autoimmune liver disease characterized by multilineage immune dysregulation. However, the pathogenesis immune dysregulation had not be fully characterized. Here, we conducted scRNA-seq profiling to explore the cellular and molecular pathogenic mechanisms of PBC patients.
Single-cell RNA sequencing data of chicken adipose tissues
Creators: name: 张思雨(Siyu Zhang)
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2024
Subjects: Raw sequence reads
Transcriptome or Gene expression
Multiisolate
Agricultural

description: Two 7-week-old Mahuang chickens with high abdominal fat content and two with low abdominal fat content were used as sample donors. Abdominal fat and subcutaneous intermuscular fat were dissociated into single-cell suspensions with 0.1% type II collagenase after acquisition from each. Acquired single cell suspensions were subjected to single cell capture and library construction using the Chromium Single Cell Gene Expression 3' kit. The constructed library was subjected to high-throughput sequencing by PE50.
Additional file 1: of Manipulation of spermatogonial stem cells in livestock species
Creators: name: Filipp Savvulidi
name: Ptacek, Martin
name: Vargova, Karina Savvulidi
name: Ludek Stadnik
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Developmental Biology

description: The choice of which donor population of germline stem cells to expand in culture is critical for the outcome of germ cell transplantation. In this sense, it is important to mention, that the use of PGCs is less practical as these cells are collected from embryo and there are just few PGCs per embryo [186, 187]. On the other hand, the SSCs (together with gonocytes) offer more practical option due to relatively simple procedure of their collection from the testes of neonates, juvenile or adult donors [12]. (DOCX 13 kb)
Additional file 2: of Manipulation of spermatogonial stem cells in livestock species
Creators: name: Filipp Savvulidi
name: Ptacek, Martin
name: Vargova, Karina Savvulidi
name: Ludek Stadnik
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Although not the focus of present review, it should be mentioned that this recent success with the establishment of stable bovine ES cell lines open the opportunity to revolutionize the livestock breeding. Using established pluripotent ES cells, germ cells can be induced in vitro to form functional spermatids and oocytes. Next, with the use of in vitro fertilization (IVF), embryos can be obtained from the in vitro generated spermatids and oocytes. Such an “animal embryo-stem cell breeding system” completes the whole livestock breeding scheme “in a dish” by integrating in vitro germ cell induction, IVF, genome sequencing, and genomic selection [188]. On the other hand, even the possibility of producing sperm in vitro would have had a great impact on livestock industries in case of success. As Aponte [52] has stated “…in the cattle industry, keeping animals in large facilities would be a thing of the past when renewable SSC pools from elite bulls produce high numbers of sperm in Petri dishes at small biotechnological facilities” (p.672). However, it is very important to take into consideration the possible effect of inbreeding after only using a limited number of available elite sires, and the consequent decrease of genetic variability in population [189]. (DOCX 12 kb)
Influence of loading and heating processes on elastic and geomechanical properties of eclogites and granulites
Creators: name: Motra, Hem Bahadur
name: Zertani, Sascha
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie

description: Increased knowledge of the elastic and geomechnical properties of rocks is important for numerous engineering and geoscience applications (e.g. petroleum geoscience, underground waste repositories, geothermal energy, earthquake studies, and hydrocarbon exploration). To assess the effect of pressure and temperature on seismic velocities and their anisotropy, laboratory experiments were conducted on metamorphic rocks. P- (Vp) and S-wave (Vs) velocities were determined on cubic samples of granulites and eclogites with an edge length of 43 mm in a triaxial multianvil apparatus using the ultrasonic pulse emission technique in dependence of changes in pressure and temperature. At successive isotropic pressure states up to 600 MPa and temperatures up to 600 °C, measurements were performed related to the sample coordinates given by the three principal fabric directions (x, y, z) representing the foliation (xy- plane), the normal to the foliation (z-direction), and the lineation direction (x-direction). Progressive volumetric strain was logged by the discrete piston displacements. Cumulative errors in Vp and Vs are estimated to be <1%. Microcrack closure significantly contributes to the increase in seismic velocities and decrease in anisotropies for pressures up to 200–250 MPa. Characteristic P-wave anisotropies of about 10% are obtained for eclogite and 3–4% in a strongly retrogressed eclogite as well as granulites. The wave velocities were used to calculate the geomechanical properties (e.g. density, Poisson's ratio, volumetric strain, and elastic moduli) at different pressure and temperature conditions. These results contribute to the reliable estimate of geomechanical properties of rocks.
The Long dimodule category and nonlinear equation
Creators: name: Militaru, Gigel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the Long dimodule category in conection with a nonlinear equation; we called the D-equation. The category of Long dimodules will play for the D-equation the same role as the category of Yetter-Drinfel'd (crossed) modules play for the quantum Yang-Baxter equation. A FRT type theorem is given and new class of coalgebras are introduced. Several new examples of noncommutative noncocomutative bialgebras are given.
description: 20 pages, latex2e, Algbreas and Repr. theory, in press
Forecasting with time series imaging
Creators: name: Li, Xixi
name: Kang, Yanfei
name: Li, Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Feature-based time series representations have attracted substantial attention in a wide range of time series analysis methods. Recently, the use of time series features for forecast model averaging has been an emerging research focus in the forecasting community. Nonetheless, most of the existing approaches depend on the manual choice of an appropriate set of features. Exploiting machine learning methods to extract features from time series automatically becomes crucial in state-of-the-art time series analysis. In this paper, we introduce an automated approach to extract time series features based on time series imaging. We first transform time series into recurrence plots, from which local features can be extracted using computer vision algorithms. The extracted features are used for forecast model averaging. Our experiments show that forecasting based on automatically extracted features, with less human intervention and a more comprehensive view of the raw time series data, yields highly comparable performances with the best methods in the largest forecasting competition dataset (M4) and outperforms the top methods in the Tourism forecasting competition dataset.
Additional file 1: of LncRNA CASC9 interacts with CPSF3 to regulate TGF-Î˛ signaling in colorectal cancer
Creators: name: Luo, Kaili
name: Jingwen Geng
name: Qinkai Zhang
name: Yesha Xu
name: Xunzhu Zhou
name: Huang, Zheng
name: Shi, Ke-Qing
name: Chenwei Pan
name: Jianmin Wu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology

description: Table S1. Oligonucleotides used for RT-qPCR, plasmid construction, RNA pull-down, siRNA, and GapmeR. (DOCX 25 kb)
Additional file 2 of Hypoxia adipose stem cell-derived exosomes promote high-quality healing of diabetic wound involves activation of PI3K/Akt pathways
Creators: name: Wang, Jie
name: Wu, Hao
name: Peng, Yixuan
name: Zhao, Yue
name: Qin, Youyou
name: Zhang, Yingbo
name: Xiao, Zhibo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Primer sequences of the study.
Meiren rumeng 美人入夢 Q00567_01_A
Creators: name: Admin, Textcourt
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 470515
subject: Literature in Chinese

description: Launched in October 2019 at the University of Oxford, TEXTCOURT: Linking the Textual Worlds of Chinese Court Theater, ca. 1600-1800 is a five-year research project whose aim is to develop a digital archive of court drama texts to connect and link them with their local and global contexts. The project will enable textual studies of Chinese court drama and produce research publications and an anthology of English translations. It will contribute to the understanding of the role of Chinese court drama in world court cultures.
Conservative polynomial approximations and applications to Fokker-Planck equations
Creators: name: Laidin, Tino
name: Pareschi, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65N35, 82C40

description: We address the problem of constructing approximations based on orthogonal polynomials that preserve an arbitrary set of moments of a given function without loosing the spectral convergence property. To this aim, we compute the constrained polynomial of best approximation for a generic basis of orthogonal polynomials. The construction is entirely general and allows us to derive structure preserving numerical methods for partial differential equations that require the conservation of some moments of the solution, typically representing relevant physical quantities of the problem. These properties are essential to capture with high accuracy the long-time behavior of the solution. We illustrate with the aid of several numerical applications to Fokker-Planck equations the generality and the performances of the present approach.
description: 26 pages, 17 figures, 7 tables
Stellar Interferometry for Gravitational Waves
Creators: name: Park, I. H.
name: Choi, K. -Y.
name: Hwang, J.
name: Jung, S.
name: Kim, D. H.
name: Kim, M. H.
name: Lee, C. -H.
name: Lee, K. H.
name: Oh, S. H.
name: Park, M. -G.
name: Park, S. C.
name: Pozanenko, A.
name: Rho, C. D.
name: Vedenkin, N.
name: Won, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new method to detect gravitational waves, based on spatial coherence interferometry with stellar light, as opposed to the conventional temporal coherence interferometry with laser sources. The proposed method detects gravitational waves by using two coherent beams of light from a single distant star measured at separate space-based detectors with a long baseline. This method can be applied to either the amplitude or intensity interferometry. This experiment allows for the search of gravitational waves in the lower frequency range of $10^{-6}$ to $10^{-4}$ Hz. In this work, we present the detection sensitivity of the proposed stellar interferometer by taking the detector response and shot and acceleration noises into account. Furthermore, the proposed experimental setup is capable of searching for primordial black holes and studying the size of the target neutron star, which are also discussed in the paper.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
Existence and homogenization of the Rayleigh-Bénard problem
Creators: name: Birnir, Björn
name: Svanstedt, Nils
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Navier-Stokes equation driven by heat conduction is studied. As a prototype we consider Rayleigh-Bénard convection, in the Boussinesq approximation. Under a large aspect ratio assumption, which is the case in Rayleigh-Bénard experiments with Prandtl number close to one, we prove the existence of a global strong solution to the 3D Navier-Stokes equation coupled with a heat equation, and the existence of a maximal B-attractor. A rigorous two-scale limit is obtained by homogenization theory. The mean velocity field is obtained by averaging the two-scale limit over the unit torus in the local variable.