cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Application of a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model to the Fraser River Gravel Reach
Creators: name: Yusuf, Faizal
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis investigates the potential analytical uses of two-dimensional (2D) models for large braided river systems such as the Fraser River Gravel Reach, which extends from Laidlaw to Mission, B.C., and examines the limitations and advantages of a 2D modeling approach. The 2D depth-averaged model, River2D, was applied to two sections of the gravel reach: a 4.5 km section of the Fraser River at the Agassiz-Rosedale Bridge and an 8.5 km section near the Harrison River confluence and Minto Island. The secondary objective of this work was to characterize the hydraulics in the modeled reaches. River2D was used to examine various gravel extraction scenarios, investigate bank erosion issues, estimate superelevation of the water surface around bends and to determine local depths and velocities for use in habitat delineation and mapping studies. The two sections of the river studied in this thesis have been the focus of several engineering studies by local consultants over the past few years. Some of the recommendations made in those studies to alleviate local flooding risks and erosion concerns were investigated with River2D. The key steps in a typical 2D modeling study were examined in detail beginning with the development of a digital elevation model (DEM) from topographic and bathymetric survey data, which had been previously collected, followed by the development of a River2D model file and model calibration. The most important step in 2D modeling was found to be obtaining an accurate representation of the bed topography. Channel roughness, which is represented by the roughness length, ks, in River2D, was estimated with the surface d₅₀ of the bed material. In this study, River2D has been shown to be technically sound in terms of its hydrodynamic formulation. Further development of this program is recommended to include a morphodynamic module specifically designed to address issues in the gravel reach.
The Role of the Natural World in Cicero’s De re publica and De legibus
Creators: name: McKnight, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Ciceroniana on line
Year: 2023

description: The present paper argues that, in both De re publica and De legibus, Cicero employs descriptions and images of the natural world to support and supplement the philosophical arguments of the two treatises. These descriptions and images variously provide visible or tangible analogies to Cicero’s more theoretical arguments, as well as positive exempla drawn from the lives of successful political leaders of the past; in some cases, they appeal to readers’ emotional attachment to their ancestral homes, their families and all that they hold dear, to engender support for Cicero’s defence of the Roman res publica, on which all these things depended. Resort to such devices is all the more necessary because, despite the range of the arguments that are advanced in the two treatises in support of Cicero’s favoured political model, it is unlikely that Cicero’s readers would have found the treatises’ philosophical arguments entirely persuasive on their own. I conclude that the close relationship between the ways in which these devices are used and explained in the two treatises confirms that both treatises form part of a single project, in which Cicero employs both formal philosophical and political argument and a range of other literary and rhetorical devices.
description: Ciceroniana on line, V. 7 N. 2 (2023): “Cicerone e l’ambiente” Atti del convegno a cura di Adalberto MAGNAVACCA & Tommaso RICCHIERI
Differentiated Demand and Supply of Wheat under Alternative European Trade Policies
Creators: name: Frahan, Bruno Henry De
name: Tritten, Christian
name: Frahan, Bruno Henry De
name: Tritten, Christian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Differentiated wheat
subject: almost ideal demand system
subject: partial equilibrium displacement model
subject: common agricultural policy
subject: European Union

description: This paper proposes a partial equilibrium displacement model that differentiates wheat according to its end-use and country of origin to investigate the impact of alternative European trade policies on wheat supply and demand in France. Transmission, demand and supply elasticities are estimated for each class and origin of wheat. Simulation results show that rebalancing trade protection across wheat classes encourages domestic supply of high quality wheat and displaces imports from North America.
Critical exponents for the long-range Ising chain using a transfer matrix approach
Creators: name: Andrade, Roberto F. S.
name: Pinho, Suani T. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The critical behavior of the Ising chain with long-range ferromagnetic interactions decaying with distance $r^α$, $1
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, Conference NEXT Sigma Phi
Cicero’s De legibus: Environment and the Symbolic Value of locus
Creators: name: Tsouni, Georgia
Publisher: name: Ciceroniana on line
Year: 2023

description: The prologues to the first and second books of Cicero’s De legibus uniquely represent a rural environment as the setting of the discussion. While Cicero has a Platonic model in mind, I discuss how his depiction of the rural environment in the De legibus goes beyond its Greek model. This is visible both in the way the surrounding environment provides the context for authorial remarks on the genre and dialogical style of the text but, furthermore, in the way the rural landscape bears symbolic value which links it directly to Roman ancestral values and exempla. As such it may also be read as a counterpart to the city landscape of Athens, a locus related to theoretical virtue and intellectual exempla, which is depicted in De finibus 5. The symbolic investment of rural environment aims at underlining the “practicability” and superiority of Rome’s traditional constitution but also Cicero’s own role as a defender of the res publica.
description: Ciceroniana on line, V. 7 N. 2 (2023): “Cicerone e l’ambiente” Atti del convegno a cura di Adalberto MAGNAVACCA & Tommaso RICCHIERI
Do Management Profiles Matter? An Analysis of Belgian Dairy Farmers
Creators: name: Vandermersch, Mieke
name: Mathijs, Erik
name: Vandermersch, Mieke
name: Mathijs, Erik
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: farm management
subject: farmers' objectives
subject: farm performance
subject: dairy
subject: extension

description: To assess the performance of a farmer and to identify best practice among a group of farmers, the assumption is often made that all farmers maximize profits and thus share the same business goals. However, performance differs due to personal characteristics, objectives and strategies. A survey carried out among 73 Belgian dairy farmers revealed that for only 34% of the farmers "profit maximization" is a primary objective. A regression analysis revealed that self-declared profit maximizers only obtained a higher farm income per liter, not per labour unit. Through cluster analysis, four main groups of farmers were found with similar objectives and management ideas: (A) risk-taking and progressive cow farmers, (B) riskaverse and progressive labour savers, (C) risk-neutral and relatively conservative profit maximizers and (D) risk-averse and conservative cow farmers. Gross margin per liter was highest for the labour savers. Other performance parameters were higher for cluster B only compared to cluster D. Scale economies were found for all performance parameters except for gross margin per liter.
Communication 3: One-Stop-Shop for Deep Renovation: Examples of Local Interventions in residential sector in achieving SDG 7.3
Creators: name: Brijesh Mainali
name: Krushna Mahapatra
Publisher: name: De Montfort University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 129999 Built Environment and Design not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: 120404 Engineering Systems Design
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: 120507 Urban Analysis and Development
subject: FOS: Social and economic geography

description: This paper presents the challenges and possibilities in the journey of establishing One-Stop-Shop (OSS) for energy renovation with three case examples. The paper compares three models; municipality owned (Cyprus), private and public-private partnership with operational support from municipalities (Netherlands), and privately owned and market based (Sweden) OSS models. The study is based on the situational analysis with market gap identification for the energy renovation of the dwellings and CANVAS analysis of the studied OSS models. The commonalities and peculiarities of different OSS models have been closely observed and the strength and weaknesses within these models are critically discussed. The analysis has shown that lack of awareness, inconvenience and cumbersome renovation process and lack of access to finance are the common challenges of energy renovation market. The study has also shown that the OSS model and its setting up journey may vary depending upon the market conditions, readiness, existing level of government support, and nature of the organization willing to initiate the OSS.
Casimir effect in a two dimensional signature changing spacetime
Creators: name: Darabi, F.
name: Setare, M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Casimir effect for free massless scalar fields propagating on a two-dimensional cylinder with a metric that admits a change of signature from Lorentzian to Euclidean. We obtain a nonzero pressure, on the hypersurfaces of signature change, which destabilizes the signature changing region and so alters the energy spectrum of scalar fields. The modified region and spectrum, themselves, back react on the pressure. Moreover, the central term of diffeomorphism algebra of corresponding infinite conserved charges changes correspondingly.
description: 14 pages, abstract and text extended, references added, to appear in JMP
von Bismarck, Klaus (Hrsg.) / Karrenberg, Friedrich (Hrsg.), Kontinente wachsen zusammen
Creators: name: Heyde, Peter
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 11 Nr. 2 (1962): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 11, Heft 2
Communication 2: Integration of Sustainable Development Goals in climate action plans in the city of Glasgow
Creators: name: Ozawa-Meida, Leticia
name: Abdulrahman F. A. Alajmi
Publisher: name: De Montfort University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 120404 Engineering Systems Design
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: 120507 Urban Analysis and Development
subject: FOS: Social and economic geography
subject: 120505 Regional Analysis and Development

description: Climate actions plans are being developed around the world by different countries and cities to address the negative effects of climate change. Glasgow city in Scotland is also affected by climate change, and its city council has started to implement Sustainable Development Goals to decrease its vulnerability to climate change and to achieve a sustainable Glasgow city. The aim of this study is to perform a sustainability assessment of Glasgow city in terms of environmental, social, and economic quality aspects as well as greenhouse gas emissions using an available sustainability assessment tool. The performed sustainability analysis using the CASBEE-City assessment tool shows that Glasgow city is a relatively sustainable city with adequate scores regarding the quality of life of its citizens and low greenhouse gas emissions. Recommendations for achieving a better sustainability in this city based on the evaluated indicators are increasing urban greenspaces around the city, local electricity and heat generation with low carbon sources, and improving crime prevention by reducing inequalities in income and education.
Consumer Perception of Typical Food Products in Europe
Creators: name: Giraud, Georges
name: Giraud, Georges
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Typical Food Products
subject: Consumer Perception
subject: Agro-food Marketing

description: Formerly neglected, typical food products nowadays support a higher involvement of an increasing number of farmers as well as they seem to be in phase with consumers' expectations. Since directives 2081/92 and 2082/92 European Union had set up PDO and PGI labels as means of valorisation with benefits to typical food products. This paper aims firstly at considering typical food products with respect to consumer perception and secondly at pointing out some methodological results on consumer survey approach. The conclusion is focusing on the commercial development of typical food products.
JBFnet -- Low Dose CT Denoising by Trainable Joint Bilateral Filtering
Creators: name: Patwari, Mayank
name: Gutjahr, Ralf
name: Raupach, Rainer
name: Maier, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep neural networks have shown great success in low dose CT denoising. However, most of these deep neural networks have several hundred thousand trainable parameters. This, combined with the inherent non-linearity of the neural network, makes the deep neural network diffcult to understand with low accountability. In this study we introduce JBFnet, a neural network for low dose CT denoising. The architecture of JBFnet implements iterative bilateral filtering. The filter functions of the Joint Bilateral Filter (JBF) are learned via shallow convolutional networks. The guidance image is estimated by a deep neural network. JBFnet is split into four filtering blocks, each of which performs Joint Bilateral Filtering. Each JBF block consists of 112 trainable parameters, making the noise removal process comprehendable. The Noise Map (NM) is added after filtering to preserve high level features. We train JBFnet with the data from the body scans of 10 patients, and test it on the AAPM low dose CT Grand Challenge dataset. We compare JBFnet with state-of-the-art deep learning networks. JBFnet outperforms CPCE3D, GAN and deep GFnet on the test dataset in terms of noise removal while preserving structures. We conduct several ablation studies to test the performance of our network architecture and training method. Our current setup achieves the best performance, while still maintaining behavioural accountability.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. Accepted at MICCAI2020
Inventario de la entomofauna existente en el municipio Campo Elías del estado Mérida y sus zonas adyacentes
Creators: name: Alarcón, Rigoberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Entomofauna ; insectos; ecología ; cobertura de individuos

description: El Municipio Campo Elías del Estado Mérida posee una diversidad inmensa de entomofauna dispersa por todo el municipio, para esta investigación se trabajó sobre todo en la región montañosa del sur del municipio, cuyos pisos térmicos no sobrepasa la cota de los 2500 m. s.n.m, y se sitúan en hábitats de bosque templado de altura tropical, tropófitos, cuyas temperaturas y precipitaciones exceden los 15ºC y 1800mm respectivamente. De acuerdo a la recolección entomológica hecha en campo, de tipo documental y descriptiva durante 10 años, se emplearon técnicas de trampeo, pinzas, mallas, recipientes y cajas, se ha podido realizar un primer listado de la entomofauna existente en el municipio Campo Elías del estado Mérida, para dar a conocer con programas educativos, especies pertenecientes a los órdenes: Coleópteros, Lepidópteros, Homópteros, Hemípteros, Himenópteros, Ortópteros, Odonata, Dípteros, Dermápteros, Arañas y Escorpiones. Al realizarse el muestreo de especies Scorpiónidae su mayor localización se encontró en la cadena montañosa de los pueblos del sur del Municipio, entre muchos individuos se colectaron 7 nuevas especies de los géneros Chactidae y Butidae, el género Chactidae es actualmente objeto de una exhaustiva revisión, ya que representa el 68% de las especies existente en la zona. De acuerdo a la recolección realizada se observa que en la selva de la zona de los pueblos del sur; se presentan las mismas características de diversidad biológicas propias de los páramos andinos. De esta manera la investigación contribuye al proporcionar información precisa y actuales nomenclaturas que permitan a futuro nuevas publicaciones.
Approximate gravitational field of a rotating deformed mass
Creators: name: Pastora, Jose Luis Hernandez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new approximate solution of vacuum and stationary Einstein field equations is obtained. This solution is constructed by means of a power series expansion of the Ernst potential in terms of two independent and dimensionless parameters representing the quadrupole and the angular momentum respectively. The main feature of the solution is a suitable description of small deviations from spherical symmetry through perturbations of the static configuration and the massive multipole structure by using those parameters. This quality of the solution might eventually provide relevant differences with respect to the description provided by the Kerr solution.
description: 16 pages. Latex. To appear in General Relativity and Gravitation
Assessing the Farm Level Impacts of Yield and Revenue Insurance: an Expected Value-Variance Approach
Creators: name: Berg, Ernst
name: Berg, Ernst
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: crop insurance
subject: risk management
subject: portfolio selection
subject: stochastic programming
subject: expected value-variance analysis

description: This paper investigates the farm level impacts of multiple peril yield and revenue insurance in an expected value-variance framework. The analysis is conducted using stochastic simulation jointly with numerical optimisation. Simulation is used to compute the means and variances of revenues as affected by the insurance schemes under consideration. In a second step these results are incorporated in a whole-farm programming approach, which optimises a portfolio that consists of crop production and insurance activities. The results of a case study indicate that from the farmer's point of view there is an incentive to buy multiple peril crop insurance, because it significantly reduces the variability of income. The risk reduction through insurance in turn leads to a specialisation of the production program. The farm level benefit of crop insurance strongly depends on the decision maker's degree of risk aversion. Furthermore, risk free parts of the total income reduce the economic attractiveness of insurance schemes. This applies e.g. to the area payments under the European agricultural policy, which therefore limit the potential demand for crop insurance.
Source-count Distribution of Gamma-Ray Blazars
Creators: name: Marcotulli, Lea
name: Di Mauro, Mattia
name: Ajello, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With ten years of operation and an exceptional dataset, the Fermi-Large Area Telescope allows us to unveil the detailed composition of the extragalactic $γ$-ray sky above $\rm 100\,MeV$. In this paper, we derive the intrinsic source-count distribution (logN-logS) of extragalactic sources (i.e., blazars) at $|b|>20^{\circ}$ via the efficiency correction method. With this approach, we are able to measure the distribution down to a photon flux of $\sim10^{-10}$${\rm \, ph \,\, cm^{-2} \, s^{-1}}$ and to an energy flux of $\sim10^{-12}$${\rm \, erg \,\, cm^{-2} \, s^{-1}}$. In both cases the logN-logS becomes flatter at low fluxes. Moreover, we show that this logN-logS is representative of the blazar population (assuming the majority of unassociated sources are blazars) and allows us to constrain its evolution quite effectively. Among recently proposed evolutionary models, we find that the Pure Density Evolution (PDE) model best describes the evolutionary properties of the blazar population and that their integrated emission accounts for $\sim 50^{+10}_{-5}\%$ of the total extragalactic \gm-ray background.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, 5 tables; published in the Astrophysical Journal
Employing Real Options Methodology for Decision Making in Greenhouse Technology
Creators: name: Tzouramani, Irene
name: Mattas, Konstadinos
name: Tzouramani, Irene
name: Mattas, Konstadinos
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: real options
subject: irreversibility
subject: option value
subject: agriculture
subject: investment
subject: policy

description: Latest developments in investment analysis offer a number of valuable insights into how to evaluate investment opportunities encountering the weaknesses of net present value criterion. More specific, irreversibility, uncertainty and the choice of timing are conditions that net present value does not include but they alter the investment decision in critical way. Employing contingent claims analysis in tangible investments several assumptions made by discount cash flow method are concerned and better assessment results can be derived. In this work, an attempt is made to apply real options methodology in agricultural investments. Many agricultural investors face a growing uncertainty environment with high sunk investments and net present value criterion has been extensively used that may be lead to incorrect decisions. Both discount cash flow method and real options approach are employed to evaluate the effectiveness of a new technology project under uncertainty returns in agriculture. Discount cash flow approach indicates that the adoption of a new technology project under uncertainty is feasible while real options approach differentiates the results. The corollary is that real options approach can be proved conducive in assessing projects with uncertainty and irreversibility and it can furnish a new way of examining agricultural investment decisions.
Cicero and Political Trees
Creators: name: Van Der Blom, Henriette
Publisher: name: Ciceroniana on line
Year: 2023

description: Cicero used and represented trees for a variety of purposes, but this article focuses on Cicero’s attitudes to political usage of trees within a wider context of “botanising rulers”, triumphing trees, Roman euergetism and spectacle, and sacred trees. Starting with trees within a Roman political-military context (Lucullus, Pompey and Cicero), then within the political-religious context (including the ficus Ruminalis), and finally Cicero’s ideas of and engagement with Pompey’s triumph and theatre complex. I argue that Cicero’s arboreal attitude depended on his attitude to the notions and relationships the trees were made to symbolise, and how these related to his own notions of correct Roman elite behaviour.
description: Ciceroniana on line, V. 7 N. 2 (2023): “Cicerone e l’ambiente” Atti del convegno a cura di Adalberto MAGNAVACCA & Tommaso RICCHIERI
Communication 1: Can green infrastructure development in cities be equitable? An eclectic review of Dundee City’s electric vehicles strategy
Creators: name: Ayodele Asekomeh
name: Obindah Gershon
name: Smith I. Azubuike
Publisher: name: De Montfort University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 120404 Engineering Systems Design
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: 120507 Urban Analysis and Development
subject: FOS: Social and economic geography

description: Dundee City has been successful in installing green infrastructure for charging electric vehicles (EVs). This intervention apparently matches the sustainable development goals (SDGs) of affordable clean energy (7), sustainable cities and communities (11) and climate action (13). Local authorities can align interventions with SDGs according to needs. Thus, we undertake an eclectic examination of the elements of the plan against the city’s peculiar socio-economic environment, questioning whether the EV plan is equitable for the city’s residents. Equitability may be either the complementarity and benefits of the strategy from the obvious lenses of SDGs 7, 11 and 13 or the alignment or otherwise of the EV strategy with the other SDGs. We note that the EV strategy achieves some equitability but does not fully address all inequalities. Although this approach could be adopted by smaller, similar or bigger cities, we recommend that local priorities should be ranked to improve alignment with SDGs.
Synchronization by Reactive Coupling and Nonlinear Frequency Pulling
Creators: name: Cross, M. C.
name: Rogers, J. L.
name: Lifshitz, Ron
name: Zumdieck, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed analysis of a model for the synchronization of nonlinear oscillators due to reactive coupling and nonlinear frequency pulling. We study the model for the mean field case of all-to-all coupling, deriving results for the initial onset of synchronization as the coupling or nonlinearity increase, and conditions for the existence of the completely synchronized state when all the oscillators evolve with the same frequency. Explicit results are derived for Lorentzian, triangular, and top-hat distributions of oscillator frequencies. Numerical simulations are used to construct complete phase diagrams for these distributions.
The Lure of Tequila and the Bestowing of Motherly Love: Does it Matter Whether Public Cash Transfers are Given to Women or Men? Evidence from the PROGRESA and PROCAMPO Programs in Rural Mexico
Creators: name: Davis, Benjamin
name: Handa, Sudhanshu
name: Stampini, Marco
name: Winters, Paul C.
name: Davis, Benjamin
name: Handa, Sudhanshu
name: Stampini, Marco
name: Winters, Paul C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: gender effect
subject: program effect
subject: rural poverty

description: This paper aims at evaluating the impact of two different cash transfer programs in rural Mexico - Procampo and Progresa - on total consumption, food consumption and other outcomes like investment, schooling and health care. Progresa is targeted to women, while Procampo goes to farmers, mostly men and many of which are poor. We show that both programs boost consumption. However, they obtain this effect through different channels. Progresa is destined to consumption expenditure directly, while Procampo, which is paid to landholders, boosts investments and needs time to produce its benefits. Furthermore, we separate program from gender effects and show that cash transfer programs targeted to men are beneficial only when the recipients own means of production. This suggest that policy makers should take into account the relationship between gender and ownership of assets when designing poverty reduction programs.
Velocity field and star formation in the Horsehead nebula
Creators: name: Hily-Blant, Pierre
name: Teyssier, David
name: Philipp, Sabin
name: Gusten, Rolf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using large scale maps in C18O(2-1) and in the continuum at 1.2mm obtained at the IRAM-30m antenna with the Heterodyne Receiver Array (HERA) and MAMBO2, we investigated the morphology and the velocity field probed in the inner layers of the Horsehead nebula. The data reveal a non--self-gravitating (m/mvir = 0.3) filament of dust and gas (the "neck", diameter = 0.15-0.30 pc) connecting the Horsehead western ridge, a Photon-Dominated Region illuminated by sigmaOri, to its parental cloud L1630. Several dense cores are embedded in the ridge and the neck. One of these cores appears particularly peaked in the 1.2 mm continuum map and corresponds to a feature seen in absorption on ISO maps around 7 micr. Its \cdo emission drops at the continuum peak, suggestive of molecular depletion onto cold grains. The channel maps of the Horsehead exhibit an overall north-east velocity gradient whose orientation swivels east-west, showing a somewhat more complex structure than was recently reported by \cite{pound03} using BIMA CO(1-0) mapping. In both the neck and the western ridge, the material is rotating around an axis extending from the PDR to L1630 (angular velocity=1.5-4.0 km/s). Moreover, velocity gradients along the filament appear to change sign regularly (3 km/s/pc, period=0.30 pc) at the locations of embedded integrated intensity peaks. The nodes of this oscillation are at the same velocity. Similar transverse cuts across the filament show a sharp variation of the angular velocity in the area of the main dense core. The data also suggest that differential rotation is occurring in parts of the filament. We present a new scenario for the formation and evolution of the nebula and discuss dense core formation inside the filament.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures, A&A
Reforming the EU Sugar Policy
Creators: name: Frandsen, Soren E.
name: Jensen, Hans Grinsted
name: Frandsen, Soren E.
name: Jensen, Hans Grinsted
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: EU sugar policy
subject: general equilibrium modelling
subject: reform scenarios

description: This article presents and analyses the impacts of the EU sugar policy. Particular attention is given to the modelling of the quite complex policy and the calibration of the global general equilibrium model at the member state level. Two scenarios are analysed, namely a reduction in the intervention price of sugar and the sugar quota. It is found that the economic impacts of the two scenarios are quite different in terms of the effects on European production and trade in sugar as well in terms of efficiency. The impacts for developing countries also differ considerably across the two scenarios.
On highly eccentric stellar trajectories interacting with a self-gravitating disc in Sgr A*
Creators: name: Subr, L.
name: Karas, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose that Kozai's phenomenon is responsible for the long-term evolution of stellar orbits near a supermassive black hole. We pursue the idea that this process may be driven by a fossil accretion disc in the centre of our Galaxy, causing the gradual orbital decay of stellar trajectories, while setting some stars on highly elliptic orbits. We evolve model orbits that undergo repetitive transitions across the disc over the period of ~10^7 years. We assume that the disc mass is small compared to the central black hole, and its gravitational field comparatively weak, yet non-zero, and we set the present values of orbital parameters of the model star consistent with those reported for the S2 star in Sagittarius A*. We show how a model trajectory decays and circularizes, but at some point the mean eccentricity is substantially increased by Kozai's resonance. In consequence the orbital decay of highly eccentric orbits is accelerated. A combination of an axially symmetric gravitational field and dissipative environment can provide a mechanism explaining the origin of stars on highly eccentric orbits tightly bound to the central black hole. In the context of other S-stars, we can conclude that an acceptable mass of the disc (i.e., M_d<=1 percent of the black hole mass) is compatible with their surprisingly young age and small pericentre distances, provided these stars were formed at r<=10^5 gravitational radii.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A; 9 pages, 6 figures. Revised version with minor language corrections (no change in content)
International Trade Performance of the South African Fish Industry
Creators: name: Yakob, M.T.
name: Viljoen, Machiel F.
name: Jooste, Andre
name: Graz, M.
name: Yakob, M.T.
name: Viljoen, Machiel F.
name: Jooste, Andre
name: Graz, M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: In an effort to gain a better understanding of the trade in fish products by South Africa a starting point is examining South Africa's current trade in fish products. Useful tools in this regard, the Gini-coefficient, used to examine the degree of concentration for fish exports, and the intra-industrial trade coefficient (IIT), and used to examine the balance of international fish trade by South Africa. The Gini-coefficient for fish exports shows that fish export by South Africa is highly concentrated. The trend in concentration appears to have remained constant, and therefore the South African fisheries industry may boast a competitive advantage. However, cognisance should be taken of the fact that such a high level of concentration may render the South African fisheries industry vulnerable to exogenous changes. The IIT analysis shows that, after 1985, the fisheries industry underwent substantial changes in that it has increased exportable surpluses, probably as a result of increased specialization and competitiveness. The analysis conducted does not pertinently explain the factors that sustain the levels of concentration, nor does it highlight specific factors that may underpin the competitiveness of the industry, and hence further analysis in this regard is necessary.
Human-Computer Interaction Considerations When Developing Cyber Ranges
Creators: name: Shepherd, Lynsay A.
name: De Paoli, Stefano
name: Conacher, Jim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The number of cyber-attacks are continuing to rise globally. It is therefore vital for organisations to develop the necessary skills to secure their assets and to protect critical national infrastructure. In this short paper, we outline upon human-computer interaction elements which should be considered when developing a cybersecurity training platform, in an effort to maintain levels of user engagement. We provide an overview of existing training platforms before covering specialist cyber ranges. Aspects of human-computer interaction are noted with regards to their relevance in the context of cyber ranges. We conclude with design suggestions when developing a cyber range platform.
description: 5 pages, short discussion paper
Generating Global Crop Distribution Maps: From Census to Grid
Creators: name: You, Liangzhi
name: Wood, Stanley
name: Wood-Sichra, Ulrike
name: You, Liangzhi
name: Wood, Stanley
name: Wood-Sichra, Ulrike
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Global
subject: cross entropy
subject: satellite image
subject: spatial allocation
subject: agricultural production
subject: crop suitability

description: In order to evaluate food security, technology potential and the environmental impacts of production in a strategic and regional context, it is critical to have reliable information on the spatial distribution and coincidence of people, agricultural production, and environmental services. This paper proposes a spatial allocation model for generating highly disaggregated, crop-specific production data by a triangulation of any and all relevant background and partial information. This includes national or sub-national crop production statistics, satellite data on land cover, maps of irrigated areas, biophysical crop suitability assessments, population density, secondary data on irrigation and rainfed production systems, cropping intensity, and crop prices. This information is compiled and integrated to generate "prior" estimates of the spatial distribution of individual crops. Priors are then submitted to an optimization model that uses cross-entropy principles and area and production accounting constraints to simultaneously allocate crops into the individual "pixels" of a GIS database. The result for each pixel (notionally of any size, but typically from 25 to 100 square km) is the area and production of each crop produced, split by the shares grown under irrigated, high-input rainfed, low-input rainfed conditions (each with distinct yield levels). Tested in Latin America and sub-Saharan Africa, the spatial allocation model is applied here to generate a global distribution of crop area and production for 20 major crops (wheat, rice, maize, barley, millet, sorghum, potato, sweet potato, cassava and yams, plantain and banana, soyb ean, dry beans, other pulse, sugar cane, sugar beets, coffee, cotton, other fibres, groundnuts, and other oil crops). The detailed spatial datasets represent a truly unique and extremely rich platform for exploring the social, economic and environmental consequences of agricultural production in a strategic policy context.
Dynamic Spin Fluctuations in the Frustrated A-site Spinel CuAl2O4
Creators: name: Cho, Hwanbeom
name: Nirmala, R.
name: Jeong, Jaehong
name: Baker, Peter J.
name: Takeda, Hikaru
name: Mera, Nobuyoshi
name: Blundell, Stephen J.
name: Takigawa, Masashi
name: Adroja, D. T.
name: Park, Je-Geun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We performed nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and muon spin relaxation (μSR) experiments to identify the magnetic ground state of the frustrated quantum A-site spinel, CuAl2O4. Our results verify that the ground state does not exhibit a long-range magnetic ordering, but a glass-like transition manifests at T*=2.3 K. However, the Gaussian shape and the weak longitudinal field dependence of μSR spectra below T* show that the ground state has dynamic spin fluctuations, distinct from those of conventional spin-glasses.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures
Critical scaling of the AC conductivity and momentum dissipation
Creators: name: Angelinos, N.
name: Kiritsis, E.
name: Peña-Benitez, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The scaling of the AC conductivity in quantum critical holographic theories at finite density, finite temperature and in the presence of momentum dissipation is considered. It is shown that there is generically an intermediate window of frequencies in which the IR scaling of the AC conductivity is clearly visible.
Measurement of the Cross Section for Open-Beauty Production in Photon-Photon Collisions at LEP
Creators: name: L3 Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cross section for open-beauty production in photon-photon collisions is measured using the whole high-energy and high-luminosity data sample collected by the L3 detector at LEP. This corresponds to 627/pb of integrated luminosity for electron-positron centre-of-mass energies from 189GeV to 209GeV. Events containing b quarks are identified through their semi-leptonic decay into electrons or muons. The e+e- -> e+e-b b~X cross section is measured within our fiducial volume and then extrapolated to the full phase space. These results are found to be in significant excess with respect to Monte Carlo predictions and next-to-leading order QCD calculations.
Aspects of the Natural and the Supernatural in Cicero’s Political Writings
Creators: name: Manuwald, Gesine
Publisher: name: Ciceroniana on line
Year: 2023

description: This paper analyses the function of references to natural and supernatural elements in Cicero’s political writings by exploring a selection of case studies. The survey shows that there is usually not an intention to describe details and that these references are instead skilfully adduced to strengthen the respective argument within the discourses and value systems of the period.
description: Ciceroniana on line, V. 7 N. 2 (2023): “Cicerone e l’ambiente” Atti del convegno a cura di Adalberto MAGNAVACCA & Tommaso RICCHIERI
Modeling Discourse Structure for Document-level Neural Machine Translation
Creators: name: Chen, Junxuan
name: Li, Xiang
name: Zhang, Jiarui
name: Zhou, Chulun
name: Cui, Jianwei
name: Wang, Bin
name: Su, Jinsong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently, document-level neural machine translation (NMT) has become a hot topic in the community of machine translation. Despite its success, most of existing studies ignored the discourse structure information of the input document to be translated, which has shown effective in other tasks. In this paper, we propose to improve document-level NMT with the aid of discourse structure information. Our encoder is based on a hierarchical attention network (HAN). Specifically, we first parse the input document to obtain its discourse structure. Then, we introduce a Transformer-based path encoder to embed the discourse structure information of each word. Finally, we combine the discourse structure information with the word embedding before it is fed into the encoder. Experimental results on the English-to-German dataset show that our model can significantly outperform both Transformer and Transformer+HAN.
Productivity and Environmental Performance in Marketing Cooperatives: Incentive Schemes on the Horticultural Sector
Creators: name: Galdeano-Gomez, Emilio
name: Cespedes-Lorente, Jose
name: Rodriguez-Rodriguez, Manuel
name: Galdeano-Gomez, Emilio
name: Cespedes-Lorente, Jose
name: Rodriguez-Rodriguez, Manuel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Productivity
subject: environmental performance
subject: parametric approach
subject: efficiency
subject: marketing cooperative
subject: horticultural sector

description: The object of the present paper is to analyze the productivity of marketing cooperatives incorporating environmental inputs/outputs. In the European agricultural policy, expectations for attaining sustainable and competitive agriculture lie to a great extent on the cooperative sector's ability to adapt to the new market conditions. These challenges have led marketing cooperatives in the fruit and vegetables sector to consider improvement in productivity and sound environmental performance. In this sector environmental management was intensified by the Common Agrarian Policy (CAP) through incentives on the so-called Operative Programs (OP). The present study analyses the total factor productivity (TFP) related to environmental variables in this sector using a parametric-stochastic approach and taking as reference a panel data of Spanish cooperatives for the period 1994-2002. Additionally, the determinants of productivity environmental indices are examined econ ometrically. The estimates obtained show a relevant increase in the efficiency component for the period under study and a relatively low impact of incentive schemes. However, they also show a relationship between productivity changes and several management factors in cooperatives, such as labor quality, capital intensity and environmental spillover.
Turbulent-laminar patterns in plane Couette flow
Creators: name: Barkley, Dwight
name: Tuckerman, Laurette S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Regular patterns of turbulent and laminar fluid motion arise in plane Couette flow near the lowest Reynolds number for which turbulence can be sustained. We study these patterns using an extension of the minimal flow unit approach to simulations of channel flows pioneered by Jimenez and Moin. In our case, computational domains are of minimal size in only two directions. The third direction is taken to be large. Furthermore, the long direction can be tilted at any prescribed angle to the streamwise direction. We report on different patterned states observed as a function of Reynolds number, imposed tilt, and length of the long direction. We compare our findings to observations in large aspect-ratio experiments.
description: 14 pages, 15 figures
Structure and kinematics of edge-on galaxy discs -- IV. The kinematics of the stellar discs
Creators: name: Kregel, M.
name: van der Kruit, P. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stellar disc kinematics in a sample of fifteen intermediate- to late-type edge-on spiral galaxies are studied using a dynamical modeling technique. The sample covers a substantial range in maximum rotation velocity and deprojected face-on surface brightness and contains seven spirals with either a boxy- or peanut-shaped bulge. Dynamical models of the stellar discs are constructed using the disc structure from $I$-band surface photometry and rotation curves observed in the gas. The differences in the line-of-sight stellar kinematics between the models and absorption line spectroscopy are minimized using a least-squares approach. The modeling constrains the disc surface density and stellar radial velocity dispersion at a fiducial radius through the free parameter $\sqrt{M/L}$ $(σ_{\rm z}/σ_{\rm R})^{-1}$, where $σ_{\rm z}/σ_{\rm R}$ is the ratio of vertical and radial velocity dispersion and $M/L$ the disc mass-to-light ratio. For thirteen spirals a transparent model provides a good match to the mean line-of-sight stellar velocity dispersion. Models that include a realistic radiative transfer prescription confirm that the effect of dust on the observable stellar kinematics is small at the observed slit positions. We discuss possible sources of systematic error and conclude that most of these are likely to be small. The exception is the neglect of the dark halo gravity, which has probably caused an overestimate of the surface density in the case of low surface brightness discs.
description: Accepted for publication by the Monthly Notices of the R.A.S
Modeling Differentiated Quality Standards in the Agri-Food Sector: The Case of Meat Trade in the EU
Creators: name: Rau, Marie-Luise
name: Van Tongeren, Frank W.
name: Rau, Marie-Luise
name: Van Tongeren, Frank W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: food quality standards
subject: trade
subject: market structure
subject: Poland
subject: meat sector
subject: oligopoly

description: This paper looks at trade impacts of quality related standards from the supply side of the exporting country. We argue that food quality standards imposed by an importing country have profound effects on the market structure of the exporting industry, and hence a significant impact on the supply response. For our analysis, we develop a stylized oligopoly model that allows for the co-existence of complying and non-complying suppliers. The model is applied to two alternative policy options to explore different mechanisms an importing county may use to enhance the quality of its imports. We take the Polish meat sector as an empirical example, since after Poland's accession to the EU the tight EU food quality standards indeed apply but the process of adjusting to them is far from complete - particularly in Polish meat production/processing. The simulations show that a subsidy scheme, such as the EU's SAPARD program in Poland, can be an effective instrument to promote the compliance with standards and to upgrade the industry in the exporting country.