cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Low-cost UAV monitoring: insights into seasonal volumetric changes of an oyster reef in the German Wadden Sea
Creators: name: Hoffmann, Tom K.
name: Pfennings, Kai
name: Hitzegrad, Jan
name: Brohmann, Leon
name: Welzel, Mario
name: Paul, Maike
name: Goseberg, Nils
name: Wehrmann, Achim
name: Schlurmann, Torsten
Publisher: name: Lausanne : Frontiers Media
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Magallana gigas
subject: remote sensing
subject: monitoring
subject: classification
subject: random forest
subject: error propagation
subject: ecosystem engineer
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: This study aims to quantify the dimensions of an oyster reef over two years via low-cost unoccupied aerial vehicle (UAV) monitoring and to examine the seasonal volumetric changes. No current study investigated via UAV monitoring the seasonal changes of the reef-building Pacific oyster (Magallana gigas) in the German Wadden Sea, considering the uncertainty of measurements and processing. Previous studies have concentrated on classifying and mapping smaller oyster reefs using terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) or hyperspectral remote sensing data recorded by UAVs or satellites. This study employed a consumer-grade UAV with a low spectral resolution to semi-annually record the reef dimensions for generating digital elevation models (DEM) and orthomosaics via structure from motion (SfM), enabling identifying oysters. The machine learning algorithm Random Forest (RF) proved to be an accurate classifier to identify oysters in low-spectral UAV data. Based on the classified data, the reef was spatially analysed, and digital elevation models of difference (DoDs) were used to estimate the volumetric changes. The introduction of propagation errors supported determining the uncertainty of the vertical and volumetric changes with a confidence level of 68% and 95%, highlighting the significant change detection. The results indicate a volume increase of 22 m³ and a loss of 2 m³ in the study period, considering a confidence level of 95%. In particular, the reef lost an area between September 2020 and March 2021, when the reef was exposed to air for more than ten hours. The reef top elevation increased from -15.5 ± 3.6 cm NHN in March 2020 to -14.8 ± 3.9 cm NHN in March 2022, but the study could not determine a consistent annual growth rate. As long as the environmental and hydrodynamic conditions are given, the reef is expected to continue growing on higher elevations of tidal flats, only limited by air exposure. The growth rates suggest a further reef expansion, resulting in an increased roughness surface area that contributes to flow damping and altering sedimentation processes. Further studies are proposed to investigate the volumetric changes and limiting stressors, providing robust evidence regarding the influence of air exposure on reef loss.
Everyday life information seeking behaviour of urban homeless youth
Creators: name: Evelyn, Markwei D.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2013

description: Youth homelessness, or the issue of street children, is a growing phenomenon in cities across the world, including Sub-Saharan Africa. Homeless youth, like all adolescents, deserve relevant information for successful transition to adulthood and for mastery of the challenges of homelessness. The pre-requisite for efficient provision of quality information services to any group is knowledge and understanding of their everyday life information seeking (ELIS) behaviour. The main objectives of this study of homeless youth in the market area of Accra, Ghana are to investigate their information needs, sources of information, patterns and problems encountered in information seeking and to determine how libraries and other stakeholders can meet their information needs. The study adopted the interpretive tradition and the ethnographic methodology. The field activities involved recruitment of 41 homeless youth, comprising 22 males and 19 females, ages 15 to 18 years using a snowball sampling procedure, collection of data using the critical incident technique and in-depth interviews, transcription of recorded interviews, and identification of categories and themes from participant interviews through content analysis using the NVivo qualitative data analysis software. The findings revealed eleven categories of needs comprising physiological, safety, esteem and self-actualization needs. Preferred sources of information are primarily interpersonal. Other sources are television, radio, print media and libraries. Information seeking patterns include active and passive searching, passive attention, and a heavy reliance on a social network of friends. Barriers to meeting information needs include cost, lack of education, lack of time, lack of access to relevant information and educational infrastructure, information poverty, powerlessness, and lack of confidence. iii The study is significant in many ways. It is the first study of ELIS behaviour of homeless youth in Africa. It makes a new proposition that, in an environment of limited information resources, people rely on their social networks to meet their information needs. The findings of the study add to knowledge and understanding of youth information seeking behaviour and ELIS of youth, especially homeless youth. They have implications for information dissemination and public library after-school programs and policies to facilitate provision of services and information resources for homeless youth in Ghana.
title: High Resolution Cutaneous Ultrasound of the Face in the Assessment of Dermal/Hypodermal Cosmetic Fillers
Creators: name: Brun, Lucia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Foreign bodies
subject: Treatment effects
subject: Ultrasound-Power Doppler
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Soft tissues / Skin
subject: Head and neck

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: •To explain the usefulness of high resolution ultrasound (HRUS) in the identification and quantification of different cosmetic fillers. •To review the new role of the radiologist in the diagnosis and recognition of complications derived from...
Microwave-induced off-resonance giant magnetoresistance in ultraclean two-dimensional electron systems
Creators: name: Iñarrea, Jesus
name: Platero, Gloria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on theoretical studies of a recently discovered strong microwave-induced magnetoresistance peak obtained in ultra-clean two-dimensional electron systems at low temperatures. The most striking feature of such a peak is that it shows up on the second harmonic of the cyclotron resonance and with an amplitude that can reach an order of magnitude larger than the microwave-induced resistance oscillations. We apply the microwave-driven electron orbits model in the ultra-clean scenario. Accordingly, we calculate the elastic scattering rate (charged impurity) which will define the unexpected resonance peak position. We also obtain the inelastic scattering rate (phonon damping), that will be responsible of the large peak amplitude. Calculated results are in good agreement with experiments. These results would be of special interest in nanophotonics; they could lead to the design of novel ultrasensitive microwave detectors.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures,To be published in Physica Status Solidi-rapid research letters
A brief review on the Problem of Divergence in Krein Space Quantization
Creators: name: Payandeh, Farrin
name: Moghaddam, Zahra Gh.
name: Fathi, Mohsen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we have a brief review on the problem of divergence in quantum field theory and its elimination using the method of Krein space quantization. In this method, the auxiliary negative frequency states have been utilized, the modes of which do not interact with the physical states and are not affected by the physical boundary conditions. It is remarkable that Krein space quantization is similar to Pauli-Villars regularization, so we can call it the "Krein regularization". Considering the QED in Krein space quantization, it could be shown that the theory is automatically regularized. Calculation of the three primitive divergent integrals, the vacuum polarization, electron self energy and vertex function using Krein space method leads to finite values, since the infrared and ultraviolet divergencies do not appear. For another example, the Casimir stress on a spherical shell in de Sitter spacetime for a massless scalar field could be calculated using Krein space quantization.
description: 6 pages, no figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1109.2693, arXiv:hep-th/0511077 by other authors
Patterning of Surfaces for Subsequent Roll Bonding in a Low-Oxygen Environment Using Deformable Mesh Inlays
Creators: name: Frolov, Yaroslav
name: Bobukh, Oleksandr
name: Samsonenko, Andrii
name: Nuernberger, Florian
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: oxygen-free production
subject: roll bonding
subject: mechanical joining
subject: clad strip
subject: surface patterning
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::650 | Management

description: Efficient roll bonding for the manufacturing of clad strips not only requires surface activation but also is improved by a surface patterning to reduce the initial contact area. This increases contact stresses and facilitates a joining without an increasing rolling force. Experiments to pattern surfaces with deformable inlays during cold rolling for a subsequent bonding in low-oxygen atmosphere were carried out using two types of rolling mills, two types of inlays and two types of assemblies. Digital twins of selected experiments were created by means of the FE simulation software QForm UK 10.2.4. The main set of rolling parameters, which play a significant role during formation of the pattern shape considering deformation of the patterning tool, were investigated. The pilot roll bonding of patterned components under vacuum conditions, provided using vacuum sealer bags, allowed for an experimental realization of this approach. The concept technological chain of roll bonding in a low-oxygen or oxygen-free environment comprises the following stages: roll patterning; surface activation and sealing of the strips in a vacuum bag; subsequent roll bonding of the prepared strips inside the protective bag. The difference between the shape of the pattern created and the initial shape of the mesh insert can be quantitatively described by the change of its angle. This difference reaches maximum values when smaller rolls are used with increased rolling reductions. This maximum value is limited by the springback of the deformed insert; the limit is reached more easily if the inlay is not positioned on the rolling plane.
title: 100 Prozent erneuerbare Energien für Deutschland: Koordinierte Ausbauplanung notwendig
Creators: name: Göke, Leonard
name: Kemfert, Claudia
name: Kendziorski, Mario
name: Hirschhausen, Christian Von
Publisher: name: DIW - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Q54 Climate; Natural Disasters; Global Warming
subject: L94 Electric Utilities
subject: Renewable energy
subject: sector coupling
subject: energy planning

description: Angesichts ambitionierter Klimaschutzziele und weiterer energie- und industriepolitischer Ziele wie dem Atomausstieg läuft die Energiewende in Deutschland auf eine Vollversorgung mit erneuerbaren Energien hinaus. Dieser Wochenbericht beschreibt erstmals Szenarien für eine zu 100 Prozent durch erneuerbare Energien gedeckte Versorgung in Deutschland im europäischen Kontext und zeigt, dass eine solche möglich und realistisch ist. Auch europaweit würden dann keine fossilen Energieträger oder Kernkraft mehr verwendet werden. Angesichts der verfügbaren Potenziale kann demnach nicht nur die Stromnachfrage, sondern die gesamte Energienachfrage hierzulande mit erneuerbaren Energien gesichert werden. Durch Elektrifizierung und Sektorenkopplung kommt es zu einem Anstieg der Stromnachfrage auf rund 1 200 Terawattstunden, dies entspricht einer Verdopplung gegenüber dem Status quo. Gleichzeitig gibt es aber auch erhebliche Effizienzsteigerungen im Verkehrs- und im Wärmesektor. Durch die Berücksichtigung von Netzausbaukosten würden lastnahe Erzeugungsstrukturen im Vergleich zu heute gestärkt werden. Trotz stärker dezentraler Erzeugungs- und Speicherstrukturen bliebe die Einbindung in das europäische Stromnetz ein Garant für die Versorgungssicherheit. Die Perspektive einer Vollversorgung mit Erneuerbaren muss in die Planung des gesamten Energiesystems einbezogen werden, unter anderem durch 100-Prozent-Erneuerbare-Szenarien in der deutschen und europäischen Netzplanung.
description: DIW Wochenbericht, 88 (2021), 29/30 S. 507-513
title: Parteien haben die Chance, Eingewanderte langfristig an sich zu binden: Interview
Creators: name: Jacobsen, Jannes
name: Wittenberg, Erich
Publisher: name: DIW - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Year: 2021

description: DIW Wochenbericht, 88 (2021), 28, S. 500
Brocading the world : a poetic inquiry
Creators: name: Borhani, Maya Tracy Elizabeth
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2013

description: An exploration of poetry at play in one woman’s life, this poetic inquiry seeks to highlight existing relationships between language, poetry and poiesis, life long learning, and a pedagogy of lived experience. This thesis inquires a/r/tographically into some of the relationships between inner knowing, self-expression, the poetic arts, and the value of their confluence for pedagogical practice. As witnessed through the roles of artist (poet and writer), researcher (academic and community), and teacher (visiting artist in the classroom and community educator), I explore what it means to live and learn poetically – as writer, poet, performer, social researcher, and educator. The resulting métissage of poems, autobiographical life writing, and analysis documents the pedagogical intermingling of persona and life activities, using poetic inquiry to (re)present the practice and process of learning in and through the arts, art-making, and teaching. This represents a journey through physical places, actual experiences, the author’s heart and mind, and pedagogy as “a poetic, emotional, personal, spiritual commitment and experience” (Leggo, 2005, p. 439), exploring the value of these processes to learning, teaching, and living skills. Also investigating poetry as practice, in place, and through multiple sites of learning, observed within an ongoing aesthetic of poetical engagement in the world, this view of poetry in research and praxis emphasizes "curriculum" not as a pre-defined set of steps to a pre-determined outcome, but as exploration emphasizing process rather than end product. This brocade of words further investigates poetry as an essential pedagogical tool, suggesting that through poetry, language, learning, and teaching become journeys of self-exploration and creativity, no longer separating “arts” from “humanities,” nor learning from imagination and self-expression.
On the Strong Homotopy Lie-Rinehart Algebra of a Foliation
Creators: name: Vitagliano, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C12, 17B55, 58A10

description: It is well known that a foliation F of a smooth manifold M gives rise to a rich cohomological theory, its characteristic (i.e., leafwise) cohomology. Characteristic cohomologies of F may be interpreted, to some extent, as functions on the space P of integral manifolds (of any dimension) of the characteristic distribution C of F. Similarly, characteristic cohomologies with local coefficients in the normal bundle TM/C of F may be interpreted as vector fields on P. In particular, they possess a (graded) Lie bracket and act on characteristic cohomology H. In this paper, I discuss how both the Lie bracket and the action on H come from a strong homotopy structure at the level of cochains. Finally, I show that such a strong homotopy structure is canonical up to isomorphisms.
description: 41 pages, v2: almost completely rewritten, title changed; v3: presentation partly changed after numerous suggestions by Jim Stasheff, mathematical content unchanged; v4: minor revisions, references added. v5: (hopefully) final version
title: Wyer Wilhelm Muys
title: An entry in the LCA Online Dictionary of Leibniz’s Correspondents and Acquaintances
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Tba)
Publisher: name: LCA Project
Year: 2018

description: Wyer Wilhelm Muys as a personal relation of Leibniz’s: The resource presents biographical information on a correspondent of Leibniz's
Mimicking acute airway tissue damage using femtosecond laser nanosurgery in airway organoids
Creators: name: Gentemann, Lara
name: Donath, Sören
name: Seidler, Anna E.
name: Patyk, Lara
name: Buettner, Manuela
name: Heisterkamp, Alexander
name: Kalies, Stefan
Publisher: name: Lausanne : Frontiers Media
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: airway organoids
subject: acute lung damage
subject: epithelial repair
subject: laser-based nanosurgery
subject: femtosecond laser
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: Airway organoids derived from adult murine epithelial cells represent a complex 3D in vitro system mimicking the airway epithelial tissue’s native cell composition and physiological properties. In combination with a precise damage induction via femtosecond laser-based nanosurgery, this model might allow for the examination of intra- and intercellular dynamics in the course of repair processes with a high spatio-temporal resolution, which can hardly be reached using in vivo approaches. For characterization of the organoids’ response to single or multiple-cell ablation, we first analyzed overall organoid survival and found that airway organoids were capable of efficiently repairing damage induced by femtosecond laser-based ablation of a single to ten cells within 24 h. An EdU staining assay further revealed a steady proliferative potential of airway organoid cells. Especially in the case of ablation of five cells, proliferation was enhanced within the first 4 h upon damage induction, whereas ablation of ten cells was followed by a slight decrease in proliferation within this time frame. Analyzing individual trajectories of single cells within airway organoids, we found an increased migratory behavior in cells within close proximity to the ablation site following the ablation of ten, but not five cells. Bulk RNA sequencing and subsequent enrichment analysis revealed the differential expression of sets of genes involved in the regulation of epithelial repair, distinct signaling pathway activities such as Notch signaling, as well as cell migration after laser-based ablation. Together, our findings demonstrate that organoid repair upon ablation of ten cells involves key processes by which native airway epithelial wound healing is regulated. This marks the herein presented in vitro damage model suitable to study repair processes following localized airway injury, thereby posing a novel approach to gain insights into the mechanisms driving epithelial repair on a single-cell level.
title: Bonaventura Nardini
title: An entry in the LCA Online Dictionary of Leibniz’s Correspondents and Acquaintances
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Tba)
Publisher: name: LCA Project
Year: 2018

description: Bonaventura Nardini as a personal relation of Leibniz’s: The resource presents biographical information on a correspondent of Leibniz's
title: Eingewanderte bauen nur schrittweise Bindungen an Parteien in Deutschland auf
Creators: name: Jacobsen, Jannes
name: Kroh, Martin
Publisher: name: DIW - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: J15 Economics of Minorities, Races, and Immigrants; Non-labor Discrimination
subject: D72 Political Processes: Rent-seeking, Lobbying, Elections, Legislatures, and Voting Behavior
subject: C33 Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models: Models with Panel Data; Longitudinal Data; Spatial Time Series
subject: Z13 Economic Sociology; Economic Anthropology; Social and Economic Stratification
subject: P16 Capitalist Systems: Political Economy
subject: migrants
subject: political integration
subject: political behavior
subject: SOEP

description: Etwa jede vierte Person in Deutschland hat eine Einwanderungsgeschichte. Ein Indikator für ihre Inklusion in das politische Leben ist, ob sie sich mit einer Partei verbunden fühlen. Befragungen des Sozio-oekonomischen Panels (SOEP) zeigen, dass Eingewanderte und ihre Kinder dies seltener tun als die restliche Bevölkerung. Bei selbst Eingewanderten steigt die Parteibindung mit der Aufenthaltsdauer: Bis fünf Jahre nach ihrer Einwanderung gibt etwa ein Viertel der Befragten eine erste Parteibindung an, nach 15 Jahren ist es rund die Hälfte. Dabei unterscheiden sich die Parteibindungen zwischen Personen verschiedener Herkunftsländer stark. So neigen Menschen aus der Türkei häufiger der SPD zu, während sich Eingewanderte aus Osteuropa und der ehemaligen Sowjetunion beziehungsweise den Nachfolgestaaten häufiger der CDU/CSU verbunden fühlen. Dass die Hälfte der Menschen mit Einwanderungsgeschichte in Deutschland den Parteien bisher dauerhaft distanziert gegenübersteht, weist auf ein hohes Mobilisierungspotenzial hin. Parteien sollten daher diese wachsende Wählergruppe noch aktiver ansprechen und ihre vielfältigen politischen Interessen stärker einbeziehen.
description: DIW Wochenbericht, 88 (2021), 28, S. 491-499
Increased molecular gas turbulence in barred galaxy centres
Creators: name: Laing, Jennifer M.
name: Wilson, Christine D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Galactic bars play an important role in the dynamical evolution of their host galaxy, but their own evolution and impact on the local gas reservoir and star formation rate are still open questions. Recent work by the Physics at High Angular resolution in Nearby GalaxieS (PHANGS) collaboration found higher molecular gas surface densities and velocity dispersions in barred galaxies compared to unbarred galaxies. The higher turbulence found in bars is expected to create the observed increases. In this work, I explore bar turbulence in molecular gas using published high resolution measurements of CO(2-1) from the PHANGS-ALMA survey. I compare properties of the molecular gas, such as surface density, velocity dispersion and star formation rate, in the centres of barred and unbarred galaxies. I consider the effect of galaxy environment on these properties from a local (at cloud scales, ~100 pc) and global perspective. On global scales, I consider these properties in the context of the environment in which a galaxy lives, whether in a cluster or in the field. All three quantities are found to be enhanced in barred galaxy centres regardless of global environment.
Reviving product states in the disordered Heisenberg chain
Creators: name: Wilming, Henrik
name: Osborne, Tobias J.
name: Decker, Kevin S. C.
name: Karrasch, Christoph
Publisher: name: [London] : Nature Publishing Group UK
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Phase transitions and critical phenomena
subject: Statistical physics
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften

description: When a generic quantum system is prepared in a simple initial condition, it typically equilibrates toward a state that can be described by a thermal ensemble. A known exception is localized systems that are non-ergodic and do not thermalize; however, local observables are still believed to become stationary. Here we demonstrate that this general picture is incomplete by constructing product states that feature periodic high-fidelity revivals of the full wavefunction and local observables that oscillate indefinitely. The system neither equilibrates nor thermalizes. This is analogous to the phenomenon of weak ergodicity breaking due to many-body scars and challenges aspects of the current phenomenology of many-body localization, such as the logarithmic growth of the entanglement entropy. To support our claim, we combine analytic arguments with large-scale tensor network numerics for the disordered Heisenberg chain. Our results hold for arbitrarily long times in chains of 160 sites up to machine precision.
Topology of quantum vacuum
Creators: name: Volovik, G. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topology in momentum space is the main characteristics of the ground states of a system at zero temperature, the quantum vacua. The gaplessness of fermions in bulk, on the surface or inside the vortex core is protected by topology. Irrespective of the deformation of the parameters of the microscopic theory, the energy spectrum of these fermions remains strictly gapless. This solves the main hierarchy problem in particle physics. The quantum vacuum of Standard Model is one of the representatives of topological matter alongside with topological superfluids and superconductors, topological insulators and semi-metals, etc. There is a number of of topological invariants in momentum space of different dimensions. They determine universality classes of the topological matter and the type of the effective theory which emerges at low energy, give rise to emergent symmetries, including the effective Lorentz invariance, and emergent gauge and gravitational fields. The topological invariants in extended momentum and coordinate space determine the bulk-surface and bulk-vortex correspondence, connecting the topology in bulk with the real space. The momentum space topology gives some lessons for quantum gravity. In effective gravity emerging at low energy, the collective variables are the tetrad field and spin connections, while the metric is the composite object of tetrad field. This suggests that the Einstein-Cartan-Sciama-Kibble theory with torsion field is more relevant. There are also several scenarios of Lorentz invariance violation governed by topology, including splitting of Fermi point and development of the Dirac points with quadratic and cubic spectrum. The latter leads to the natural emergence of the Horava-Lifshitz gravity.
description: 49 pages, 22 figures, draft for chapter in the book of proceedings of the Como Summer School on Analogue Gravity
Analysis of Onshore Synthetic Inertia and Primary Control Reserve Contributions of Alternating Current-Side Meshed Offshore Grids with Voltage-Source Converter and Diode Rectifier Unit High-Voltage Direct Current Connections
Creators: name: Herrmann, Michael
name: Alkemper, Merlin
name: Hofmann, Lutz
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: synthetic inertia
subject: primary control reserve
subject: offshore grid
subject: HVDC
subject: voltage-source converter
subject: diode rectifier unit
subject: HVDC converter control
subject: offshore control concept
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: The increasing use of renewable energy sources in place of conventional generation units is leading to a reduction in onshore inertia and to the development of offshore wind park grids connected by multiple high-voltage direct current (HVDC) connections to the onshore alternating current (AC) grid. For AC-side meshed offshore grids with voltage-source converter (VSC) and diode rectifier unit (DRU) HVDC connections towards onshore grids, this study focuses on the energetic feasibility of synthetic inertia (SI) and primary control reserve (PCR) contributions triggered locally at the onshore converters of both connection types. To this end, the obstacles preventing contributions for VSC HVDC connections and the mechanisms allowing contributions for DRU HVDC connections are identified first. Based on these findings, the article proposes an enhancement of the offshore HVDC converter controls that is continuously active and allows locally triggered onshore contributions at all onshore HVDC converters of both connection types without using communication and requiring only minimal system knowledge. Additional simulations confirm that, although the enhancement is continuously active, the operational performance of the offshore HVDC converter controls for normal offshore grid operation and its robustness against offshore AC-side faults are not affected.
title: Friedrich Boguslaff Neubauer
title: An entry in the LCA Online Dictionary of Leibniz’s Correspondents and Acquaintances
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Tba)
Publisher: name: LCA Project
Year: 2018

description: Friedrich Boguslaff Neubauer as a personal relation of Leibniz’s: The resource presents biographical information on a correspondent of Leibniz's
title: Die Sozialkaufprämie – ein Vorschlag zur Ergänzung der Immobilienförderung in Deutschland
Creators: name: Braun, Reiner
name: Grabka, Markus M.
Publisher: name: DIW - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: R21 Urban, Rural, Regional, and Transportation Economics: Housing Demand
subject: D31 Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions
subject: installment purchase bonus
subject: promotion of home ownership

description: Die Schaffung bezahlbaren Wohnraums ist eines der drängendsten sozialen Probleme für die künftige Bundesregierung. Entsprechend finden sich in verschiedenen Wahlprogrammen Vorschläge zur Wohnungsfrage. Dieser Bericht macht einen neuen Vorschlag zur Ergänzung der Immobilienförderung in Deutschland. Das vorgeschlagene Modell berücksichtigt die bestehenden staatlichen Förderprogramme zum Aufbau von Eigenkapital und Fremdkapital und erweitert diese um eine Sozialkaufprämie. Mitnahmeeffekte, wie bei der Eigenheimzulage und dem Baukindergeld, sollen weitestgehend vermieden werden. Daher sollte dieses Programm eigenkapitalschwachen Haushalten in besonderen Entscheidungssituationen vorbehalten sein, um dann zielgenau einen Übergang von Miete in Eigentum zu erleichtern. Zu den besonderen Situationen gehört etwa die „Umwandlung“ der bisher bewohnten Mietwohnung in eine Eigentumswohnung.
description: DIW Wochenbericht, 88 (2021), 27, S. 481-487
Working the system to change the system? : analyzing intersections between the food movement and health establishment in British Columbia
Creators: name: Mundel, Erika
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2013

description: This dissertation looks at two provincial health-based programs (the Community Food Action Initiative and the Food Security Core Program in Public Health) in British Columbia (BC) that intersect with this province’s vibrant and diverse food movement. Drawing on a critical and interpretive approach to research, and using qualitative research methods, this study analyzes these two programs according to: a) the health institutional dynamics that shape them; b) the programs’ implications for BC’s food movement; and c) the contribution of program activities to food system transformation. It argues that critical public health discourses have provided a pathway into health for these food-system-oriented programs, a pathway with many obstacles given the powerful role neoliberal and biomedical discourses play in shaping the health establishment. The capacity of these programs to contribute to BC’s food movement has therefore been mixed. Facilitated by these programs, health staff and grassroots activists have been able to collaborate on a range of initiatives to move BC’s food movement forward. However, limited funds, staff time, and institutional supports for these programs constrain this movement-supportive activity. The dissertation further suggests that these programs can be seen as microcosms of the broader BC (and North American) food movement, contributing to a range of food movement practices that are both more and less challenging of the status quo. For example, on the one hand, program activities risk reifying the local or unreflexively accepting neoliberal constraints, while on the other the programs contribute to critical consciousness raising, political reskilling, and challenging dominant discourses. The dissertation suggests that the transformative potential of these programs could further be strengthened through the conscious cultivation of collaborative praxis amongst program implementers and other BC food movement activists.
title: Wohneigentumsförderung in Deutschland – Kleine Prämien mit Wirkung
Creators: name: Kholodilin, Konstantin A.
name: Eichfelder, Sebastian
name: Michelsen, Claus
Publisher: name: DIW - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: R31 Housing Supply and Markets
subject: R38 Production Analysis and Firm Location: Government Policy; Regulatory Policies
subject: R51 Finance in Urban and Rural Economies
subject: housing market
subject: housing finance subsidy
subject: Germany

description: Deutschlands Wohneigentumsquote ist im internationalen Vergleich niedrig – nicht einmal die Hälfte aller Haushalte lebt in den eigenen vier Wänden. Gerade Haushalte mit geringeren Einkommen bilden selten Immobilienvermögen, obwohl es seit rund 60 Jahren Sparprämien gibt, die an diese Gruppen gerichtet sind. Die Wohnungsbauprämie hat in den vergangenen Jahrzehnten allerdings erheblich an Bedeutung verloren, da Einkommensgrenzen und Höchstprämien seit Mitte der 1990er Jahren nicht mehr an die Einkommens- und Preisentwicklung angepasst wurden. Die Evaluierung der Wohnungsbauprämie zeigt, dass trotz der geringen Summen signifikante Effekte auf das Sparverhalten der geförderten Haushalte ausgehen. Diese sparen häufiger, länger und in höherem Umfang, was im Ergebnis dazu führt, dass sie vermehrt und in jüngeren Jahren Wohneigentum erwerben. Die Potenziale der Sparprämie sind trotz der jüngsten Reform nicht ausgereizt – eine Zusammenlegung der Wohnungsbauprämie mit der Arbeitnehmersparzulage und eine Anhebung der Prämien, gestaffelt nach Einkommen, könnte die Ersparnisbildung deutlicher anschieben..
description: DIW Wochenbericht, 88 (2021), 27, S. 471-479
title: Economic and financial strategies of the British Catholic community in the age of mercantilism, 1672-1781
Creators: name: Pizzoni, Giada
Publisher: name: University of St Andrews
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/02wn5qz54
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2015

description: This dissertation examines the British Catholic community during the Age of Mercantilism. It opens with John Aylward’s trade in the early 1670s and closes with the death of Bishop Richard Challoner in the late eighteenth century. By investigating the economic and financial strategies of these individuals, this work dispels the stereotype of idle Catholicism and shows how the Catholic community played a relevant role in the emerging Atlantic economy. The work starts with an analysis of John Aylward’s dealings during outbreaks of international warfare. His papers prove that Catholicism was crucial in his business, allowing the adoption of various strategies and access to diverse markets. As a merchant Aylward defies the stereotype of religious minorities’ communality in trade, by moving beyond religious and national borders. Moreover, he challenges the stereotype of Catholicism as estranged from capitalism. The dissertation further continues with an analysis of his widow Helena Aylward, as merchant and financier. Her skills and strategies allow the extension of the narrative of enterprise and Catholicism to women as well, by challenging the prevailing role of Catholic women as patrons or nuns. Finally, the last chapter analyses the business accounts of Bishop Richard Challoner, Vicar Apostolic of the London Mission. His dealings exemplify how Catholicism played a relevant role in finance, both individually and institutionally. In fact, the British Catholic Church fundamentally sustained itself through the stock market. Therefore, this work proves that Catholics were entrepreneurs: they built coherent trading zones and through a broad range of Atlantic connections, moved beyond the borders of the European Empires. They disregarded religious affiliations and nationalities, suggesting that the new economic and financial opportunities of the Age of Mercantilism allowed the Catholic Community to integrate into the British economy and eventually to achieve toleration.
Complementarity relation for irreversible processes near steady states
Creators: name: Santini, E. Sergio
name: Carusela, M. Florencia
name: Izquierdo, Eduardo D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A relation giving a minimum for the irreversible work in quasi-equilibrium processes was derived by Sekimoto et al. (K. Sekimoto and S. Sasa, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. {\bf 66} (1997), 3326) in the framework of stochastic energetics. This relation can also be written as a type of "uncertainty principle" in such a way that the precise determination of the Helmholtz free energy through the observation of the work $$ requires an indefinitely large experimental time $Δt$. In the present article, we extend this relation to the case of quasi-steady processes by using the concept of non-equilibrium Helmholtz free energy. We give a formulation of the second law for these processes that extends that presented by Sekimoto (K. Sekimoto, Prog. Theo. Phys. Suppl. No. {\bf 130} (1998), 17) by a term of the first order in the inverse of the experimental time. As application of our results, two possible experimental situations are considered: stretching of a RNA molecule and the drag of a dipolar particle in the presence of a gradient of electric force.
description: A misprint on Eq.(52) was corrected
title: Reform der Immobilienbesteuerung: Bodenwerte belasten und Privilegien streichen
Creators: name: Bach, Stefan
name: Eichfelder, Sebastian
Publisher: name: DIW - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: H24 Personal Income and Other Nonbusiness Taxes and Subsidies; includes inheritance and gift taxes
subject: R31 Housing Supply and Markets
subject: D31 Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions
subject: Income and wealth taxation
subject: housing and real estate markets
subject: distribution of income and wealth

description: Immobilien werden in Deutschland vergleichsweise gering besteuert. Vor allem Wohlhabende profitieren von zahlreichen Steuerprivilegien. Dieser Bericht beschreibt den Status quo der Immobilienbesteuerung in Deutschland und skizziert Reformvorschläge, die das Steueraufkommen und die Effizienz des Steuersystems erhöhen sowie die Vermögensund Einkommensungleichheit reduzieren könnten. Bei der Grundsteuer sollte die wertbezogene Besteuerung gestärkt und das Aufkommen längerfristig verdoppelt werden. Bei den Ertragsteuern sollten alle Veräußerungsgewinne erfasst und Gestaltungen, insbesondere durch die Nutzung von Immobilien- GmbHs, begrenzt werden. Bei der Erbschaftsteuer wäre es ratsam, Wohnungsunternehmen nicht mehr zu begünstigen. Bei der Grunderwerbsteuer sollten „Share Deals“ und ähnliche Gestaltungen deutlich eingeschränkt werden, gegebenenfalls könnte man Ersterwerbe von Wohneigentum begünstigen. Unter dem Strich ließe sich das Steueraufkommen um rund 27 Milliarden Euro pro Jahr erhöhen – das entspricht 0,7 Prozent des Bruttoinlandsprodukts. Das Geld könnte unter anderem verwendet werden, um die Steuerbelastung von Erwerbseinkommen zu reduzieren, insbesondere für Haushalte der Mittelschicht.
description: DIW Wochenbericht, 88 (2021), 27, S. 463-470
Unaddressed regulatory issues in xenotransplantation: a hypothetical example
Creators: name: Kwisda, Koko
Publisher: name: Lausanne : Frontiers Media SA
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: transplantation
subject: organ shortage
subject: regulation
subject: xenotransplantation
subject: interspecies blastocyst complementation
subject: genome editing technologies
subject: transgenic pigs
subject: biotechnology
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::610 | Medizin, Gesundheit

description: The last few years have seen a significant increase in the use of technology to manipulate genetic sequences and generate animals as a source of xeno-organs. This has made the generation of genetically bespoke organisms a reality. This paper will analyze the regulatory and practical aspects of such an innovative approach to xenotransplantation on the basis of a hypothetical case study applied to Germany and highlight the gaps in the current regulation. This paper thus provides the basis for legal debate within a specific country. In addition, the identified gaps also pose a barrier toward the harmonization of international regulation. This publication therefore lays the groundwork for guiding the international debate regarding the regulatory framework for solid organ xenotransplantation toward specific issues.
title: Vermögensbildung in Deutschland: Immobilien Schwelle und Schlüssel zugleich: Editorial
Creators: name: Bach, Stefan
name: Braun, Reiner
name: Eichfelder, Sebastian
name: Grabka, Markus M.
name: Kholodilin, Konstantin A.
name: Michelsen, Claus
Publisher: name: DIW - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Year: 2021

description: DIW Wochenbericht, 88 (2021), 27, S. 459-461
Modifications for numerical stability of black hole evolution
Creators: name: Yo, Hwei-Jang
name: Lin, Chun-Yu
name: Cao, Zhoujian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experiment with several new modifications for the Baumgarte-Shapiro-Shibata-Nakamura (BSSN) formulation of the Einstein field equations and demonstrate how these modifications affect the stability of numerical black hole evolution calculations. With these modifications, we evolve both single non-rotating excised Kerr-Schild black holes and punctured binary black holes, and obtain accurate and stable simulations.
description: version matched to PRD publication
title: Faktorielle Validität der Einstellungen von Lehrkräften zu heterogenen Lerngruppen
Creators: name: Merk, Samuel
name: Cramer, Colin
name: Dai, Naien
name: Bohl, Thorsten
name: Syring, Marcus
Publisher: name: Publikationsserver der Pädagogischen Hochschule Thurgau
Year: 2018
Subjects: Konstruktvalidität
Einstellung
Heterogenität
Lehramtsstudierende

description: Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht die Konstruktvalidität eines Instrumentariums, das kognitive, affektive und behaviourale Einstellungen sowie motivationale Orientierungen von N = 879 Lehramtsstudierenden bezüglich heterogener Lerngruppen erfasst. Dieses Instrumentarium erfasst Einstellungen und motivationale Orientierungen zu sozialer, leistungsbezogener und kultureller Heterogenität jeweils in den Dimensionen Kosten, Nutzen, negative Emotionen, eigener kompetenter Umgang und intrinsisch-motivationale Orientierung. Um die faktorielle Validität dieses Instrumentariums zu untersuchen wurden konfirmatorische Mehrebenenfaktorenanalysen durchgeführt, welche die theoretisch postulierte Struktur sowohl je Heterogenitätsform und Person (drei fünf-dimensionale Einstellungen, within-person Ebene) als auch je Person (fünf-dimensionale Einstellungen, über die Heterogenitätsformen gemittelt, between-person Ebene) simultan prüfen. Die theoretisch postulierte Struktur des Instruments konnte sowohl auf within-person als auch auf between-person Ebene (mit ebenenvarianten τ-kongenerischen Messmodellen) bestätigt werden. Eine Betrachtung von Intraklassenkorrelationskoeffizienten der Items und latenten Faktoren sowie der prädiktiven Effekte der Form von Heterogenität auf die Ausprägung der Dimensionen impliziert zudem, dass das Instrumentarium die Einstellungen der Lehramtsstudierenden sowohl in deren Dimensionen als auch in deren Formen zu differenzieren vermag, was als ein starker Beleg für die Konstruktvalidität des Instrumentes gewertet wird.
description: Journal for educational research online: JERO, vol. 10, no. 2, p. 34
Modelling Herschel observations of hot molecular gas emission from embedded low-mass protostars
Creators: name: Visser, R.
name: Kristensen, L. E.
name: Bruderer, S.
name: van Dishoeck, E. F.
name: Herczeg, G. J.
name: Brinch, C.
name: Doty, S. D.
name: Harsono, D.
name: Wolfire, M. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. Young stars interact vigorously with their surroundings, as evident from the highly rotationally excited CO (up to Eup=4000 K) and H2O emission (up to 600 K) detected by the Herschel Space Observatory in embedded low-mass protostars. Our aim is to construct a model that reproduces the observations quantitatively, to investigate the origin of the emission, and to use the lines as probes of the various heating mechanisms. Methods. The model consists of a spherical envelope with a bipolar outflow cavity. Three heating mechanisms are considered: passive heating by the protostellar luminosity, UV irradiation of the outflow cavity walls, and C-type shocks along the cavity walls. Line fluxes are calculated for CO and H2O and compared to Herschel data and complementary ground-based data for the protostars NGC1333 IRAS2A, HH 46 and DK Cha. The three sources are selected to span a range of evolutionary phases and physical characteristics. Results. The passively heated gas in the envelope accounts for 3-10% of the CO luminosity summed over all rotational lines up to J=40-39; it is best probed by low-J CO isotopologue lines such as C18O 2-1 and 3-2. The UV-heated gas and the C-type shocks, probed by 12CO 10-9 and higher-J lines, contribute 20-80% each. The model fits show a tentative evolutionary trend: the CO emission is dominated by shocks in the youngest source and by UV-heated gas in the oldest one. This trend is mainly driven by the lower envelope density in more evolved sources. The total H2O line luminosity in all cases is dominated by shocks (>99%). The exact percentages for both species are uncertain by at least a factor of 2 due to uncertainties in the gas temperature as function of the incident UV flux. However, on a qualitative level, both UV-heated gas and C-type shocks are needed to reproduce the emission in far-infrared rotational lines of CO and H2O.
description: 15 pages (+4 pages appendix), 20 figures, accepted by A&A