cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A bivariate two-state Markov modulated Poisson process for failure modelling
Creators: name: Yera, Yoel G.
name: Lillo, Rosa E.
name: Nielsen, Bo F.
name: Ramírez-Cobo, Pepa
name: Ruggeri, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Motivated by a real failure dataset in a two-dimensional context, this paper presents an extension of the Markov modulated Poisson process (MMPP) to two dimensions. The one-dimensional MMPP has been proposed for the modeling of dependent and non-exponential inter-failure times (in contexts as queuing, risk or reliability, among others). The novel two-dimensional MMPP allows for dependence between the two sequences of inter-failure times, while at the same time preserves the MMPP properties, marginally. The generalization is based on the Marshall-Olkin exponential distribution. Inference is undertaken for the new model through a method combining a matching moments approach with an Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) algorithm. The performance of the method is shown on simulated and real datasets representing times and distances covered between consecutive failures in a public transport company. For the real dataset, some quantities of importance associated with the reliability of the system are estimated as the probabilities and expected number of failures at different times and distances covered by trains until the occurrence of a failure.
Numerical simulation of rarefied supersonic flows using a fourth-order maximum-entropy moment method with interpolative closure
Creators: name: Boccelli, Stefano
name: Kaufmann, Willem
name: Magin, Thierry E.
name: McDonald, James G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Maximum-entropy moment methods allow for the modelling of gases from the continuum regime to strongly rarefied conditions. The development of approximated solutions to the entropy maximization problem has made these methods computationally affordable. In this work, we apply a fourth-order maximum-entropy moment method to the study of supersonic rarefied flows. For such conditions, we compare the maximum-entropy solutions to results obtained from the kinetic theory of gases at different Knudsen numbers. The analysis is performed for both a simplified model of a gas with a single translational degree of freedom (5-moment system) and for a typical gas with three degrees of freedom (14-moment system). The maximum-entropy method is applied to the study of the Sod shock-tube problem at various rarefaction levels, and to the simulation of two-dimensional low-collisional crossed supersonic jets. We show that, in rarefied supersonic conditions, it is important to employ accurate estimates of the wave speeds. Since analytical expressions are not presently available, we propose an approximation, valid for the 14-moment system. In these conditions, the solution of the maximum-entropy system is shown to realize large degrees of non-equilibrium and to approach the Junk subspace, yet provides a good overall accuracy and agreement with the kinetic theory. Numerical procedures for reaching second-order accurate discretizations are discussed, as well as the implementation of the 14-moment solver on Graphics Processing Units (GPUs).
CMB-lensing beyond the leading order: temperature and polarization anisotropies
Creators: name: Marozzi, Giovanni
name: Fanizza, Giuseppe
name: Di Dio, Enea
name: Durrer, Ruth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the weak lensing corrections to the CMB temperature and polarization anisotropies. We consider all the effects beyond the leading order: post-Born corrections, LSS corrections and, for the polarization anisotropies, the correction due to the rotation of the polarization direction between the emission at the source and the detection at the observer. We show that the full next-to-leading order correction to the B-mode polarization is not negligible on small scales and is dominated by the contribution from the rotation, this is a new effect not taken in account in previous works. Considering vanishing primordial gravitational waves, the B-mode correction due to rotation is comparable to cosmic variance for $\ell \gtrsim 3500$, in contrast to all other spectra where the corrections are always below that threshold for a single multipole. Moreover, the sum of all the effects is larger than cosmic variance at high multipoles, showing that higher-order lensing corrections to B-mode polarization are in principle detectable.
description: 32 pages, 6 figures. New results about the signal-to-noise amplitude for next-to-leading order corrections, further clarifications about the polarization rotation and references added. Version accepted for publication in Physical Review D
How Confinement-Induced Structures Alter the Contribution of Hydrodynamic and Short-Ranged Repulsion Forces to the Viscosity of Colloidal Suspensions
Creators: name: Ramaswamy, Meera
name: Lin, Neil Y. C.
name: Leahy, Brian D.
name: Ness, Christopher
name: Fiore, Andrew M.
name: Swan, James W.
name: Cohen, Itai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the correlation between structure and rheology in colloidal suspensions is important as these suspensions are crucial in industrial applications. Moreover, colloids exhibit a wide range of structures under confinement that could considerably alter the viscosity. Here, we use a combination of experiments and simulations to elucidate how confinement induced structures alter the relative contributions of hydrodynamic and repulsive forces to produce up to a ten fold change in the viscosity. We use a custom built confocal rheoscope to image the particle configurations of a colloidal suspension while simultaneously measuring the viscosity. We find a non-monotonic trend to the viscosity under confinement that is strongly correlated with the microstructure. As the gap decreases below 15 particle diameters, the viscosity first decreases from its bulk value, shows fluctuations with the gap, and then sharply increases for gaps below three particle diameters. Further, we compare our experimental results to two simulations techniques that enables us to determine the relative contributions of hydrodynamic and short range repulsive stresses. The first method uses the lubrication approximation to find the hydrodynamic stress and includes a short range repulsive force between the particles and the second is a Stokesian dynamics simulation that calculates the full hydrodynamic stress in the suspension. We find that the decrease in the viscosity at moderate confinements has a significant contribution from both the hydrodynamic and repulsive forces whereas the increase in viscosity at gaps less than three particle diameters arises primarily from short range repulsive forces. These results provide new insights to the unique rheological behavior of confined suspensions and further enable us to tune the viscosity by changing properties such as the gap, polydispersity, and the volume fraction.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures
Estimating lengths-of-stay of hospitalised COVID-19 patients using a non-parametric model: a case study in Galicia (Spain)
Creators: name: López-Cheda, Ana
name: Jácome, M. Amalia
name: Cao, Ricardo
name: De Salazar, Pablo M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Estimating the lengths-of-stay (LoS) of hospitalised COVID-19 patients is key for predicting the hospital beds' demand and planning mitigation strategies, as overwhelming the healthcare systems has critical consequences for disease mortality. However, accurately mapping the time-to-event of hospital outcomes, such as the LoS in the intensive care unit (ICU), requires understanding patient trajectories while adjusting for covariates and observation bias, such as incomplete data. Standard methods, such as the Kaplan-Meier estimator, require prior assumptions that are untenable given current knowledge. Using real-time surveillance data from the first weeks of the COVID-19 epidemic in Galicia (Spain), we aimed to model the time-to-event and event probabilities of patients' hospitalised, without parametric priors and adjusting for individual covariates. We applied a non-parametric mixture cure model and compared its performance in estimating hospital ward (HW)/ICU LoS to the performances of commonly used methods to estimate survival. We showed that the proposed model outperformed standard approaches, providing more accurate ICU and HW LoS estimates. Finally, we applied our model estimates to simulate COVID-19 hospital demand using a Monte Carlo algorithm. We provided evidence that adjusting for sex, generally overlooked in prediction models, together with age is key for accurately forecasting HW and ICU occupancy, as well as discharge or death outcomes.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
You Only Look Bottom-Up for Monocular 3D Object Detection
Creators: name: Xiong, Kaixin
name: Zhang, Dingyuan
name: Liang, Dingkang
name: Liu, Zhe
name: Yang, Hongcheng
name: Dikubab, Wondimu
name: Cheng, Jianwei
name: Bai, Xiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Monocular 3D Object Detection is an essential task for autonomous driving. Meanwhile, accurate 3D object detection from pure images is very challenging due to the loss of depth information. Most existing image-based methods infer objects' location in 3D space based on their 2D sizes on the image plane, which usually ignores the intrinsic position clues from images, leading to unsatisfactory performances. Motivated by the fact that humans could leverage the bottom-up positional clues to locate objects in 3D space from a single image, in this paper, we explore the position modeling from the image feature column and propose a new method named You Only Look Bottum-Up (YOLOBU). Specifically, our YOLOBU leverages Column-based Cross Attention to determine how much a pixel contributes to pixels above it. Next, the Row-based Reverse Cumulative Sum (RRCS) is introduced to build the connections of pixels in the bottom-up direction. Our YOLOBU fully explores the position clues for monocular 3D detection via building the relationship of pixels from the bottom-up way. Extensive experiments on the KITTI dataset demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of our method.
description: Accepted by IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters (RA-L)
A method of photometric data extraction for asteroids from time-domain surveys
Creators: name: Xu, Xiaoyun
name: Wang, Xiaobing
name: Muinonen, Karri
name: Penttil, Antti
name: Luo, Nanping
name: Gu, Shenghong
name: Sun, Leilei
name: Xu, Fukun
name: Liu, Yisi
name: Xiang, Yue
name: Cao, Dongtao
name: Wang, Jianhua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The lightcurves of asteroids are essential for determining their physical characteristics, including shape, spin, size, and surface composition. However, most asteroids are missing some of these basic physical parameters due to lack of photometric data. Although a few telescopes or surveys are specially designed for photometric lightcurve observations of asteroids, many ground-based and space-based sky surveys for hunting new exoplanets, transient events, etc., should capture numerous small Solar System objects. This will benefit the physical studies of these objects. In order to extract data of these moving objects from time-domain photometric surveys, we have developed a new method using the model tree algorithm in the field of machine learning. A dedicated module is built to automatically identify moving objects in dataset, and extract their photometric and astrometric data. As the first application of this novel method, we have analyzed data in five fields of the Yunnan-Hong Kong wide field photometric (YNHK) survey, from which 538 lightcurves of 211 asteroids are successfully extracted. Meanwhile, we also tested the method based on the data from NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite, and the result proves the reliability of our method. With derived lightcurves of 13 asteroids from the YNHK survey, we have determined their synodic spin periods, among which the periods of 4 asteroids are estimated for the first time. In future, we are going to apply this method to search for small objects in the outer part of the Solar System from the Chinese Space Station Telescope survey.
Equilibration of a Polycation-Anionic Surfactant Mixture at the Water-Vapor Interface
Creators: name: Akanno, Andrew
name: Guzman, Eduardo
name: Fernandez-Pena, Laura
name: Llamas, Sara
name: Ortega, Francisco
name: Rubio, Ramon G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The adsorption of concentrated polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride, PDADMAC-sodium lauryl ether sulfate (SLES) mixtures at the water-vapor interface has been studied by different surface tension techniques and dilational viscoelasticity measurements. This work tries to shed light on the way in which the formation of polyelectrolyte-surfactant complexes in the bulk affects the interfacial properties of mixtures formed by a polycation and an oppositely charged surfactant. The results are discussed in terms of a two-step adsorption-equilibration of PDADMAC-SLES complexes at the interface, with the initial stages involving the diffusion of kinetically trapped aggregates formed in the bulk to the interface followed by the dissociation and spreading of such aggregates at the interface. This latter process becomes the main contribution to the surface tension decrease. This work aids our understanding of the most fundamental basis of the physicochemical behavior of concentrated polyelectrolyte-surfactant mixtures which present complex bulk and interfacial interactions with interest in both basic and applied sciences.
description: Publishes
Recognizing generalized Petersen graphs in linear time
Creators: name: Krnc, Matjaž
name: Wilson, Robin J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C75

description: By identifying a local property which structurally classifies any edge, we show that the family of generalized Petersen graphs can be recognized in linear time.
MPEC 2023-R161 : 2023 RV5
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 RV5

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Sparse Bounds for the Discrete Cubic Hilbert Transform
Creators: name: Culiuc, Amalia
name: Kesler, Robert
name: Lacey, Michael T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Consider the discrete cubic Hilbert transform defined on finitely supported functions $f$ on $\mathbb{Z}$ by \begin{eqnarray*} H_3f(n) = \sum_{m \not = 0} \frac{f(n- m^3)}{m}. \end{eqnarray*} We prove that there exists $r <2$ and universal constant $C$ such that for all finitely supported $f,g$ on $\mathbb{Z}$ there exists an $(r,r)$-sparse form $Λ_{r,r}$ for which \begin{eqnarray*} \left| \langle H_3f, g \rangle \right| \leq C Λ_{r,r} (f,g). \end{eqnarray*} This is the first result of this type concerning discrete harmonic analytic operators. It immediately implies some weighted inequalities, which are also new in this setting.
description: 16 pages. To appear in Analysis & PDE
Replicable Parallel Branch and Bound Search
Creators: name: Archibald, Blair
name: Maier, Patrick
name: McCreesh, Ciaran
name: Stewart, Rob
name: Trinder, Phil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: G.2.1; F.1.2; H.3.4

description: Combinatorial branch and bound searches are a common technique for solving global optimisation and decision problems. Their performance often depends on good search order heuristics, refined over decades of algorithms research. Parallel search necessarily deviates from the sequential search order, sometimes dramatically and unpredictably, e.g. by distributing work at random. This can disrupt effective search order heuristics and lead to unexpected and highly variable parallel performance. The variability makes it hard to reason about the parallel performance of combinatorial searches. This paper presents a generic parallel branch and bound skeleton, implemented in Haskell, with replicable parallel performance. The skeleton aims to preserve the search order heuristic by distributing work in an ordered fashion, closely following the sequential search order. We demonstrate the generality of the approach by applying the skeleton to 40 instances of three combinatorial problems: Maximum Clique, 0/1 Knapsack and Travelling Salesperson. The overheads of our Haskell skeleton are reasonable: giving slowdown factors of between 1.9 and 6.2 compared with a class-leading, dedicated, and highly optimised C++ Maximum Clique solver. We demonstrate scaling up to 200 cores of a Beowulf cluster, achieving speedups of 100x for several Maximum Clique instances. We demonstrate low variance of parallel performance across all instances of the three combinatorial problems and at all scales up to 200 cores, with median Relative Standard Deviation (RSD) below 2%. Parallel solvers that do not follow the sequential search order exhibit far higher variance, with median RSD exceeding 85% for Knapsack.
description: 36 pages, 12 figures, submitted to the Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing
Time-reversal-symmetric topological magnetoelectric effect in three-dimensional topological insulators
Creators: name: Zirnstein, Heinrich-Gregor
name: Rosenow, Bernd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the hallmarks of time-reversal-symmetric topological insulators in three dimensions is the topological magnetoelectric effect (TME). So far, a time-reversal breaking variant of this effect has attracted much attention, in the sense that the induced electric charge changes sign when the direction of an externally applied magnetic field is reversed. Theoretically, this effect is described by the so-called axion term. Here, we discuss a time-reversal-symmetric TME, where the electric charge depends only on the magnitude of the magnetic field but is independent of its sign. We obtain this nonperturbative result by a combination of analytic and numerical arguments, and suggest a mesoscopic setup to demonstrate it experimentally.
description: 5+6 pages, 4+4 figures. v2 improved presentation, close to published version
Study of the Liquid/Vapor Interfacial Properties of Concentrated Polyelectrolyte-Surfactant Mixtures Using Surface Tensiometry and Neutron Reflectometry: Equilibrium, Adsorption Kinetics and Dilational Rheology
Creators: name: Llamas, Sara
name: Guzman, Eduardo
name: Akanno, Andrew
name: Fernandez-Pena, Laura
name: Ortega, Francisco
name: Campbell, Richard A.
name: Miller, Reinhard
name: Rubio, Ramon G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The adsorption of mixtures of poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC) and sodium N-lauroyl-N-methyltaurate (SLMT) at the water / vapor interface has been studied using drop profile tensiometry and neutron reflectometry. This study sheds light on the mechanisms involved in the adsorption of polyelectrolyte-oppositely charged surfactants by the characterization of both equilibrium and dynamics features associated with the layer formation at the fluid interface. The results are discussed in terms of an adsorption-equilibration of the interfacial layers as a two-step process: the initial stages involve the adsorption of polyelectrolyte-surfactant complexes formed in the bulk, and a subsequent stage involves reorganization of the interface. This work contributes to the understanding of the physico-chemical features of systems that undergo complex bulk and interfacial interactions with importance in science and technology.
description: Publishes
Super-sample covariance approximations and partial sky coverage
Creators: name: Lacasa, Fabien
name: Lima, Marcos
name: Aguena, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Super-sample covariance (SSC) is the dominant source of statistical error on large scale structure (LSS) observables for both current and future galaxy surveys. In this work, we concentrate on the SSC of cluster counts, also known as sample variance, which is particularly useful for the self-calibration of the cluster observable-mass relation; our approach can similarly be applied to other observables, such as galaxy clustering and lensing shear. We first examined the accuracy of two analytical approximations proposed in the literature for the flat sky limit, finding that they are accurate at the 15% and 30-35% level, respectively, for covariances of counts in the same redshift bin. We then developed a harmonic expansion formalism that allows for the prediction of SSC in an arbitrary survey mask geometry, such as large sky areas of current and future surveys. We show analytically and numerically that this formalism recovers the full sky and flat sky limits present in the literature. We then present an efficient numerical implementation of the formalism, which allows fast and easy runs of covariance predictions when the survey mask is modified. We applied our method to a mask that is broadly similar to the Dark Energy Survey footprint, finding a non-negligible negative cross-z covariance, i.e. redshift bins are anti-correlated. We also examined the case of data removal from holes due to, for example bright stars, quality cuts, or systematic removals, and find that this does not have noticeable effects on the structure of the SSC matrix, only rescaling its amplitude by the effective survey area. These advances enable analytical covariances of LSS observables to be computed for current and future galaxy surveys, which cover large areas of the sky where the flat sky approximation fails.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures. Updated to match version published in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Physico-chemical study of polymer mixtures formed by a polycation and a zwitterionic copolymer in aqueous solution and upon adsorption onto negatively charged surfaces
Creators: name: Fernandez-Pena, Laura
name: Guzman, Eduardo
name: Ortega, Francisco
name: Bureau, Lionel
name: Leonforte, Fabien
name: Velasco, Dandara
name: Rubio, Ramon G.
name: Luengo, Gustavo S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The adsorption of mixtures of charged polymers onto solid surfaces presents a big interest in different technological and industrial fields, and in particular, in cosmetics. This requires to deepen on the most fundamental physico-chemical bases governing the deposition, which is generally correlated to the interactions occurring in solution. This work explores the interaction in solution of model polymer mixtures formed by a cationic homopolymer (poly(diallyl-dimethyl-ammonium chloride), PDADMAC) and a zwitterionic copolymer (copolymer of acrylic acid, 3-Trimethylammonium propyl methacrylamide chloride and acrylamide, Merquat 2003), and the adsorption of such mixtures onto negatively charged surfaces. The analysis of the interactions occurring in solution between both polymers performed using dynamic light scattering (DLS), electrophoretic mobility and viscosity measurements, combined with the study of the deposition of the layers of mixtures containing different weight fractions of each polymer using ellipsometry and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) has shown that the interpolymer complexes formed in solution, and their composition, governs the deposition onto the solid surface and the tribological properties of the adsorbed layers as shown the Surface Force Apparatus (SFA) experiments, allowing for a control of the physico-chemical properties and structure of the layers. Furthermore, the use of Self Consistent Mean Fields Calculations (SCF) confirms the picture obtained from the experimental studies of the adsorbed layers, providing a prediction of the distribution of the polymer chains within the adsorbed layers. It is expected that this study can help on the understanding of the correlations existing between the behavior of future associations of innovative and eco-sustainable polymers and their adsorption processes onto solid surface.
description: Published
Fabrication of robust capsules by sequential assembly of polyelectrolytes onto charged liposomes
Creators: name: Ruano, Marta
name: Mateos-Maroto, Ana
name: Ortega, Francisco
name: Ritacco, Hernan
name: Rubio, Jose E. F.
name: Guzman, Eduardo
name: Rubio, Ramon G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work presents a simply methodology for coating small unilamellar liposomes bearing different degrees of positive charge with polyelectrolyte multilayers using the sequential Layer-by-Layer (LbL) deposition method. The liposomes were made of mixtures of DOPC (1,2-dioleyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocoline) and DODAB (dimethyl dioctadecyl ammonium bromide), and coated by alternated layers of the sodium salt of poly(4-styrenesulfonate), PSS, and poly(allylamine), PAH, as polyanion and polycations, respectively. The results shows that the zeta potential of the liposomes was not very sensitive to the mole fraction of DODAB in the membrane, XD, in the range 0.3< XD<0.8. We were able to coat the liposomes with up to four polymer bilayers. The growth of the capsules size was followed by dynamic light scattering, and in some cases by cryo-TEM, with good agreement between both techniques. The thickness of the layers, measured from the hydrodynamic radius of the coated liposome, depends on the polyelectrolyte used, so that the PSS layers adopt a much more packaged conformation than the PAH layers. An interesting finding is that the PSS amount needed to reach the isoelectric point of the capsules increases linearly with the charge density of the bare liposomes, whereas the amount of PAH does not depend on it. As expected, the preparation of the multilayers has to be done in such a way that when the system is close to the isoelectric point the capsules do not aggregate. For this, we dropped the polyelectrolyte solution quickly, fast stirring and using dilute liposome suspensions. The method is very flexible and not limited to liposomes or polyelectrolyte multilayers, also coatings containing charged nanoparticles can be easily made.
description: Published
MPEC 2023-R162 : 2023 RW5
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 RW5

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
A systematic study of mass spectra and strong decay of strange mesons
Creators: name: Pang, Cheng-Qun
name: Wang, Jun-Zhang
name: Liu, Xiang
name: Matsuki, Takayuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mass spectrum of the kaon family is analyzed by the {modified} Godfrey-Isgur model with a color screening effect approximating the kaon as a heavy-light meson system. This analysis gives us the structure and possible assignments of the observed kaon candidates, which can be tested by comparing the theoretical results of their two-body strong decays with the experimental data. Additionally, prediction of some partial decay widths is made on the kaons still missing in experiment. This study is crucial to establishing the kaon family and searching for their higher excitations in the future.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures, and 17 tables. More discussions added and typos corrected. Accepted by Eur. Phys. J. C
Interpretable Explanations of Black Boxes by Meaningful Perturbation
Creators: name: Fong, Ruth
name: Vedaldi, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As machine learning algorithms are increasingly applied to high impact yet high risk tasks, such as medical diagnosis or autonomous driving, it is critical that researchers can explain how such algorithms arrived at their predictions. In recent years, a number of image saliency methods have been developed to summarize where highly complex neural networks "look" in an image for evidence for their predictions. However, these techniques are limited by their heuristic nature and architectural constraints. In this paper, we make two main contributions: First, we propose a general framework for learning different kinds of explanations for any black box algorithm. Second, we specialise the framework to find the part of an image most responsible for a classifier decision. Unlike previous works, our method is model-agnostic and testable because it is grounded in explicit and interpretable image perturbations.
description: Final camera-ready paper published at ICCV 2017 (Supplementary materials: http://openaccess.thecvf.com/content_ICCV_2017/supplemental/Fong_Interpretable_Explanations_of_ICCV_2017_supplemental.pdf)
Optimal Quality and Efficiency in Adaptive Live Streaming with JND-Aware Low latency Encoding
Creators: name: Menon, Vignesh V
name: Zhu, Jingwen
name: Rajendran, Prajit T
name: Afzal, Samira
name: Schoeffmann, Klaus
name: Callet, Patrick Le
name: Timmerer, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In HTTP adaptive live streaming applications, video segments are encoded at a fixed set of bitrate-resolution pairs known as bitrate ladder. Live encoders use the fastest available encoding configuration, referred to as preset, to ensure the minimum possible latency in video encoding. However, an optimized preset and optimized number of CPU threads for each encoding instance may result in (i) increased quality and (ii) efficient CPU utilization while encoding. For low latency live encoders, the encoding speed is expected to be more than or equal to the video framerate. To this light, this paper introduces a Just Noticeable Difference (JND)-Aware Low latency Encoding Scheme (JALE), which uses random forest-based models to jointly determine the optimized encoder preset and thread count for each representation, based on video complexity features, the target encoding speed, the total number of available CPU threads, and the target encoder. Experimental results show that, on average, JALE yield a quality improvement of 1.32 dB PSNR and 5.38 VMAF points with the same bitrate, compared to the fastest preset encoding of the HTTP Live Streaming (HLS) bitrate ladder using x265 HEVC open-source encoder with eight CPU threads used for each representation. These enhancements are achieved while maintaining the desired encoding speed. Furthermore, on average, JALE results in an overall storage reduction of 72.70 %, a reduction in the total number of CPU threads used by 63.83 %, and a 37.87 % reduction in the overall encoding time, considering a JND of six VMAF points.
description: 2024 Mile High Video (MHV)
International Conference on Emerging New Media and Social Sciences
Creators: name: Deliza Novian Elfiqi
name: Nur Maghfirah Aesthetika
Publisher: name: Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo
Year: 2024

description: Nowadays, disseminating information via social media is the one of the most important aspects. Many businesses use social media to brand their brands. Social media, especially Instagram, can be used as a digital branding strategy because it allows a brand to communicate directly with consumers. By choosing the right strategy, digital branding can help companies not only to increase brand awareness, but to build good relationships with consumers. Aspects of digital branding include; visual design, brand messaging, quality content, user experience, online reputation or social interaction. There are indicators of Instagram social media including participation, openness, conversation, community and interconnectedness. The purpose of this research is to understand the aspect of digital branding and social media indicators in visual and text content uploaded on UMSIDA Instagram @umsida1912, especially on FORTAMA 2023 content. The research used a qualitative methode with a descriptive approach. Yhe analysis used is a social media analysis. The results showed that UMSIDA Instagram @umsida1912 in the FORTAMA 2023 content was able to apply digital branding aspects and social media indicators so as to create strong and positive interactions between new students.
MPEC 2023-R163 : 2023 RX5
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 RX5

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Phase diagrams and free-energy landscapes for model spin-crossover materials with antiferromagnetic-like nearest-neighbor and ferromagnetic-like long-range interactions
Creators: name: Chan, Chor-Hoi
name: Brown, Gregory
name: Rikvold, Per Arne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present phase diagrams, free-energy landscapes, and order-parameter distributions for a model spin-crossover material with a two-step transition between the high-spin and low-spin states (a square-lattice Ising model with antiferromagnetic-like nearest-neighbor and ferromagnetic-like long-range interactions) [P. A. Rikvold et al., Phys. Rev. B 93, 064109 (2016)]. The results are obtained by a recently introduced, macroscopically constrained Wang-Landau Monte Carlo simulation method [C. H. Chan, G. Brown, and P. A. Rikvold, Phys. Rev. E 95, 053302 (2017)]. The method's computational efficiency enables calculation of thermodynamic quantities for a wide range of temperatures, applied fields, and long-range interaction strengths. For long-range interactions of intermediate strength, tricritical points in the phase diagrams are replaced by pairs of critical end points and mean-field critical points that give rise to horn-shaped regions of metastability. The corresponding free-energy landscapes offer insights into the nature of asymmetric, multiple hysteresis loops that have been experimentally observed in spin-crossover materials characterized by competing short-range interactions and long-range elastic interactions.
description: 35 pages, 20 figures
Exotic Signals of Vectorlike Quarks
Creators: name: Dobrescu, Bogdan A.
name: Yu, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vectorlike fermions are an important target for hadron collider searches. We show that the vectorlike quarks may predominantly decay via higher-dimensional operators into a quark plus a couple of other Standard Model fermions. Pair production of vectorlike quarks of charge 2/3 at the LHC would then lead to a variety of possible final states, including $t\bar t + 4τ$, $t\bar bν+ 3τ$, $t\bar t + 4μ$, $t\bar bν+ 3μ$ or $t\bar t + 4b$. Additional channels ($b\bar b + 4τ$, $6b$, etc.) arise in the case of a vectorlike quark of charge $-1/3$. If the vectorlike quark decays into three light quarks, then the $(3j)(3j)$ signal is more difficult to observe, and the vectorlike quark mass is almost unconstrained by current searches.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures. v2: Discussion of radiative decays and references included. Mixing values and Figure 2 corrected. v3: minor improvements on collider discussion, published version
Additional file 1 of Awareness of celiac disease among the public in Kuwait: a cross-sectional survey
Creators: name: Qasem, Wafaa A.
name: Roumi, Ali Al
name: Al Mojil, Khaled
name: Sakijha, Hind
name: AlMughamis, Nouf
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
classificationCode: 59999
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
classificationCode: 111714
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1
An Ontological Architecture for Orbital Debris Data
Creators: name: Rovetto, Robert J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The orbital debris problem presents an opportunity for inter-agency and international cooperation toward the mutually beneficial goals of debris prevention, mitigation, remediation, and improved space situational awareness (SSA). Achieving these goals requires sharing orbital debris and other SSA data. Toward this, I present an ontological architecture for the orbital debris domain, taking steps in the creation of an orbital debris ontology (ODO). The purpose of this ontological system is to (I) represent general orbital debris and SSA domain knowledge, (II) structure, and standardize where needed, orbital data and terminology, and (III) foster semantic interoperability and data-sharing. In doing so I hope to (IV) contribute to solving the orbital debris problem, improving peaceful global SSA, and ensuring safe space travel for future generations.
Numerical analysis for the pure Neumann control problem using the gradient discretisation method
Creators: name: Droniou, Jerome
name: Nataraj, Neela
name: Shylaja, Devika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49J20, 49M25, 65N15, 65N30

description: The article discusses the gradient discretisation method (GDM) for distributed optimal control problems governed by diffusion equation with pure Neumann boundary condition. Using the GDM framework enables to develop an analysis that directly applies to a wide range of numerical schemes, from conforming and non-conforming finite elements, to mixed finite elements, to finite volumes and mimetic finite differences methods. Optimal order error estimates for state, adjoint and control variables for low order schemes are derived under standard regularity assumptions. A novel projection relation between the optimal control and the adjoint variable allows the proof of a super-convergence result for post-processed control. Numerical experiments performed using a modified active set strategy algorithm for conforming, nonconforming and mimetic finite difference methods confirm the theoretical rates of convergence.
Energy-efficient Adaptive Video Streaming with Latency-Aware Dynamic Resolution Encoding
Creators: name: Menon, Vignesh V
name: Premkumar, Amritha
name: Rajendran, Prajit T
name: Wieckowski, Adam
name: Bross, Benjamin
name: Timmerer, Christian
name: Marpe, Detlev
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Traditional per-title encoding schemes aim to optimize encoding resolutions to deliver the highest perceptual quality for each representation. However, keeping the encoding time within an acceptable threshold for a smooth user experience is important to reduce the carbon footprint and energy consumption on encoding servers in video streaming applications. Toward this realization, we introduce an encoding latency-a ware dynamic resolution encoding scheme (LADRE) for adaptive video streaming applications. LADRE determines the encoding resolution for each target bitrate by utilizing a random forest-based prediction model for every video segment based on spatiotemporal features and the acceptable target latency. Experimental results show that LADRE achieves an overall average quality improvement of 0.58 dB PSNR and 0.43 dB XPSNR while maintaining the same bitrate, compared to the HTTP Live Streaming (HLS) bitrate ladder encoding of 200 s segments using the VVenC encoder, when the encoding latency for each representation is set to remain below the 200 s threshold. This is accompanied by an 84.17 % reduction in overall encoding energy consumption.
description: 2024 Mile High Video (MHV)
Micromotion-enabled improvement of quantum logic gates with trapped ions
Creators: name: Bermudez, Alejandro
name: Schindler, Philipp
name: Monz, Thomas
name: Blatt, Rainer
name: Müller, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The micromotion of ion crystals confined in Paul traps is usually considered an inconvenient nuisance, and is thus typically minimised in high-precision experiments such as high-fidelity quantum gates for quantum information processing. In this work, we introduce a particular scheme where this behavior can be reversed, making micromotion beneficial for quantum information processing. We show that using laser-driven micromotion sidebands, it is possible to engineer state-dependent dipole forces with a reduced effect of off-resonant couplings to the carrier transition. This allows one, in a certain parameter regime, to devise entangling gate schemes based on geometric phase gates with both a higher speed and a lower error, which is attractive in light of current efforts towards fault-tolerant quantum information processing. We discuss the prospects of reaching the parameters required to observe this micromotion-enabled improvement in experiments with current and future trap designs.
Additional file 1 of Plasma protein N-glycome composition associates with postprandial lipaemic response
Creators: name: Louca, Panayiotis
name: Štambuk, Tamara
name: Frkatović-Hodžić, Azra
name: Nogal, Ana
name: Mangino, Massimo
name: Berry, Sarah E.
name: Deriš, Helena
name: Hadjigeorgiou, George
name: Wolf, Jonathan
name: Vinicki, Martina
name: Franks, Paul W.
name: Valdes, Ana M.
name: Spector, Tim D.
name: Lauc, Gordan
name: Menni, Cristina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
classificationCode: 39999
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary methods.
Voltage Tunable Plasmon Propagation in Dual Gated Bilayer Graphene
Creators: name: Farzaneh, Seyed M.
name: Rakheja, Shaloo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we theoretically investigate plasmon propagation characteristics in AB and AA stacked bilayer graphene (BLG) in the presence of energy asymmetry due to an electrostatic field oriented perpendicularly to the plane of the graphene sheet. We first derive the optical conductivity of BLG using the Kubo formalism incorporating energy asymmetry and finite electron scattering. All results are obtained for room temperature (300K) operation. By solving Maxwell's equations in a dual gate device setup, we obtain the wavevector of propagating plasmon modes in the transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) directions at terahertz frequencies. The plasmon wavevector allows us to compare the compression factor, propagation length, and the mode confinement of TE and TM plasmon modes in bilayer and monolayer graphene sheets and also study the impact of material parameters on plasmon characteristics. Our results show that the energy asymmetry can be harnessed to increase the propagation length of TM plasmons in BLG. AA stacked BLG shows a larger increase in propagation length than AB stacked BLG; conversely, it is very insensitive to the Fermi level variations. Additionally, the dual gate structure allows independent modulation of the energy asymmetry and the Fermi level in BLG, which is advantageous for reconfiguring plasmon characteristics post device fabrication.
description: 19 pages, 13 figures
Gaseous Dynamical Friction in Presence of Black Hole Radiative Feedback
Creators: name: Park, KwangHo
name: Bogdanović, Tamara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamical friction is thought to be a principal mechanism responsible for orbital evolution of massive black holes (MBHs) in the aftermath of galactic mergers and an important channel for formation of gravitationally bound MBH binaries. We use 2D radiative hydrodynamic simulations to investigate the efficiency of dynamical friction in the presence of radiative feedback from an MBH moving through a uniform density gas. We find that ionizing radiation that emerges from the innermost parts of the MBH's accretion flow strongly affects the dynamical friction wake and renders dynamical friction inefficient for a range of physical scenarios. MBHs in this regime tend to experience positive net acceleration, meaning that they speed up, contrary to the expectations for gaseous dynamical friction in absence of radiative feedback. The magnitude of this acceleration is however negligibly small and should not significantly alter the velocity of MBHs over relevant physical timescales. Our results suggest that suppression of dynamical friction is more severe at the lower mass end of the MBH spectrum which, compounded with inefficiency of the gas drag for lower mass objects in general, implies that $< 10^7$ solar mass MBHs have fewer means to reach the centers of merged galaxies. These findings provide formulation for a sub-resolution model of dynamical friction in presence of MBH radiative feedback that can be easily implemented in large scale simulations.
description: 8 pages of published article in ApJ, 4 pages of Erratum attached