cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Entanglement Entropy of Fermions from Wigner Functions: Excited States and Open Quantum Systems
Creators: name: Moitra, Saranyo
name: Sensarma, Rajdeep
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate a new ``Wigner characteristics'' based method to calculate entanglement entropies of subsystems of Fermions using Keldysh field theory. This bypasses the requirements of working with complicated manifolds for calculating Rényi entropies for many body systems. We provide an exact analytic formula for Rényi and von-Neumann entanglement entropies of non-interacting open quantum systems, which are initialised in arbitrary Fock states. We use this formalism to look at entanglement entropies of momentum Fock states of one-dimensional Fermions. We show that the entanglement entropy of a Fock state can scale either logarithmically or linearly with subsystem size, depending on whether the number of discontinuities in the momentum distribution is smaller or larger than the subsystem size. This classification of states in terms number of blocks of occupied momenta allows us to analytically estimate the number of critical and non-critical Fock states for a particular subsystem size. We also use this formalism to describe entanglement dynamics of an open quantum system starting with a single domain wall at the center of the system. Using entanglement entropy and mutual information, we understand the dynamics in terms of coherent motion of the domain wall wavefronts, creation and annihilation of domain walls and incoherent exchange of particles with the bath.
description: 14+5 pages, 7+3 figures
On the "Zero-Two" Law for Positive Contractions on Banach-Kantorovich Lattice $L^p(\nabla,μ)$
Creators: name: Ganiev, Inomjon
name: Mukhamedov, Farrukh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37A30, 47A35, 46B42, 46E30, 46G10

description: In the present paper we prove the "zero-two" law for positive contractions of lattices $L^p(\nabla,μ)$ of Banach-Kantorovich, constructed by the measure $μ$ with values in the ring of all measurable functions.
description: 10 pages. submitted
The Straw Tracking Detector for the Fermilab Muon $g-2$ Experiment
Creators: name: King, B. T.
name: Albahri, T.
name: Al-Kilani, S.
name: Allspach, D.
name: Beckner, D.
name: Behnke, A.
name: Bowcock, T. J. V.
name: Boyden, D.
name: Carey, R. M.
name: Carroll, J.
name: Casey, B. C. K.
name: Charity, S.
name: Chislett, R.
name: Eads, M.
name: Epps, A.
name: Foster, S. B.
name: Gastler, D.
name: Grant, S.
name: Halewood-Leagas, T.
name: Hardin, K.
name: Hazen, E.
name: Hesketh, G.
name: Hollywood, D. J.
name: Jones, T.
name: Kenziora, C.
name: Keshavarzi, A.
name: Kiburg, M.
name: Kinnaird, N.
name: Kintner, J.
name: Lancaster, M.
name: Lucà, A.
name: Lukicov, G.
name: Luo, G.
name: Mapar, L.
name: Maxfield, S. J.
name: Mott, J.
name: Motuk, E.
name: Mourato, H.
name: Pohlman, N.
name: Price, J.
name: Roberts, B. L.
name: Sathyan, D.
name: Shenk, M.
name: Sim, D.
name: Stuttard, T.
name: Sweetmore, G.
name: Thayer, G.
name: Thomson, K.
name: Turner, W.
name: Vasilkova, D.
name: Velho, J.
name: Voirin, E.
name: Walton, T.
name: Warren, M.
name: Welty-Reiger, L.
name: Whitley, M.
name: Wormald, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Muon $g-2$ Experiment at Fermilab uses a gaseous straw tracking detector to make detailed measurements of the stored muon beam profile, which are essential for the experiment to achieve its uncertainty goals. Positrons from muon decays spiral inward and pass through the tracking detector before striking an electromagnetic calorimeter. The tracking detector is therefore located inside the vacuum chamber in a region where the magnetic field is large and non-uniform. As such, the tracking detector must have a low leak rate to maintain a high-quality vacuum, must be non-magnetic so as not to perturb the magnetic field and, to minimize energy loss, must have a low radiation length. The performance of the tracking detector has met or surpassed the design requirements, with adequate electronic noise levels, an average straw hit resolution of $(110 \pm 20) \,μ$m, a detection efficiency of 97% or higher, and no performance degradation or signs of aging. The tracking detector's measurements result in an otherwise unachievable understanding of the muon's beam motion, particularly at early times in the experiment's measurement period when there are a significantly greater number of muons decaying. This is vital to the statistical power of the experiment, as well as facilitating the precise extraction of several systematic corrections and uncertainties. This paper describes the design, construction, testing, commissioning, and performance of the tracking detector.
description: 37 pages, 27 figures
Interplay of interactions and disorder at the charge-density wave transition of two-dimensional Dirac semimetals
Creators: name: Uryszek, Mikolaj D.
name: Krüger, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the effects of weak quenched fermionic disorder on the quantum-phase transition between the Dirac semimetal and charge density wave (CDW) insulator in two spatial dimensions. The symmetry breaking transition is described by the Gross-Neveu-Yukawa (GNY) theory of Dirac fermions coupled to an Ising order parameter field. Treating the disorder using the replica method, we consider chemical potential, vector potential (gauge), and random mass disorders, which all arise from non-magnetic charge impurities. We self-consistently account for the Landau damping of long-wavelength order-parameter fluctuations by using the non-perturbative RPA re-summation of fermion loops, and compute the renormalization-group (RG) flow to leading order in the disorder strength and $1/N$ ($N$ the number of Dirac fermion flavors). We find two fixed points, the clean GNY critical point which is stable against weak disorder, and a dirty GNY multi-critical point, at which the chemical potential disorder is finite and the other forms of disorder are irrelevant. We investigate the scaling of physical observables at this finite-disorder multi-critical point which breaks Lorentz invariance and gives rise to distinct non-Fermi liquid behavior.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Decoherence of the Kondo Singlet via a Quantum Point Contact Detector
Creators: name: Kang, Kicheon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effect of the charge state measurement of the Kondo singlet for a quantum dot transistor via a capacitively coupled quantum point contact detector. By employing the variational ansatz for the singlet ground state of the quantum dot combined with the density matrix formulation for the coupled system, we show that the coherent Kondo singlet is destroyed by the phase-sensitive as well as the magnitude-sensitive detection in the transmission/reflection coefficients at the quantum point contact. We argue that the phase-sensitive component of the decoherence rate may explain the anomalous features observed in a recent experiment by Avinun-Kalish {\em et al.} (Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 92}, 156801 (2004)). We also discuss the correlations of the shot noise at the quantum point contact detector and the decoherence in the quantum dot.
Reheating the Universe after String Theory Inflation
Creators: name: Kofman, Lev
name: Yi, Piljin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In String theory realizations of inflation, the end point of inflation is often brane-anti brane annihilation. We consider the processes of reheating of the Standard Model universe after brane inflation. We identify the channels of inflaton energy decay, cascading from tachyon annihilation through massive closed string loops, KK modes, and brane displacement moduli to the lighter standard model particles. Cosmological data constrains scenarios by putting stringent limits on the fraction of reheating energy deposited in gravitons and nonstandard sector massive relics. We estimate the energy deposited into various light degrees of freedom in the open and closed string sectors, the timing of reheating, and the reheating temperature. Production of gravitons is significantly suppressed in warped inflation. However, we predict a residual gravitational radiation background at the level $Ω_{GW} \sim 10^{-8}$ of the present cosmological energy density. We also extend our analysis to multiple throat scenarios. A viable reheating would be possible in a single throat or in a certain subclass of multiple throat scenarios of the KKLMMT type inflation model, but overproduction of massive KK modes poses a serious problem. The problem is quite severe if some inner manifold comes with approximate isometries (angular KK modes) or if there exists a throat of modest length other than the standard model throat, possibly associated with some hidden sector (low-lying KK modes).
description: 45 pages, 4 figures, typos fixed, references and acknowledgement updated
Marcus-Hush-Chidsey Kinetics at Electrode-Electrolyte Interfaces
Creators: name: Kurchin, Rachel
name: Viswanathan, Venkatasubramanian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electrochemical kinetics at electrode-electrolyte interfaces limit performance of devices including fuel cells and batteries. While the importance of moving beyond Butler-Volmer kinetics and incorporating the effect of electronic density of states of the electrode have been recognized, a unified framework that incorporates these aspects directly into electrochemical performance models is still lacking. In this work, we explicitly account for the DFT-calculated density of states numerically in calculating electrochemical reaction rates for a variety of electrode-electrolyte interfaces. We first show the utility of this for two cases related to Li metal electrodeposition and stripping on a Li surface and a Cu surface (anode-free configuration). The deviation in reaction rates is minor for cases with flat densities of states such as Li, but is significant for Cu due to nondispersive d-bands creating large variation. Finally, we consider a semiconducting case of a solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) consisting of LiF and Li$_2$CO$_3$ and note the importance of the Fermi level at the interface, pinned by the redox reaction occuring there. We identify the asymmetry in reaction rates as a function of discharge/charge naturally within this approach. The analysis code used in this work is available open-source on Github.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
An 8.5 GHz Arecibo survey of Carbon Recombination Lines toward Ultra-compact \HII regions: Physical properties of dense molecular material
Creators: name: Roshi, D. Anish
name: Balser, Dana. S.
name: Bania, T. M.
name: Goss, W. M.
name: De Pree, C. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report here on a survey of carbon recombination lines (RLs) near 8.5 GHz toward 17 ultra-compact \HII regions (\UCHII s). Carbon RLs are detected in 11 directions, indicating the presence of dense photodissociation regions (PDRs) associated with the \UCHII s. In this paper, we show that the carbon RLs provide important, complementary information on the kinematics and physical properties of the ambient medium near \UCHII s. Non-LTE models for the carbon line forming region are developed, assuming that the PDRs surround the \UCHII s, and we constrained the model parameters by multi-frequency RL data. Modeling shows that carbon RL emission near 8.5 GHz is dominated by stimulated emission and hence we preferentially observe the PDR material that is in front of the \UCHII continuum. We find that the relative motion between ionized gas and the associated PDR is about half that estimated earlier, and has an RMS velocity difference of 3.3 \kms. Our models also give estimates for the PDR density and pressure. We found that the neutral density of PDRs is typically $>$ 5 $\times$ 10$^5$ \cmthree and \UCHII s can be embedded in regions with high ambient pressure. Our results are consistent with a pressure confined \HII region model where the stars are moving relative to the cloud core. Other models cannot be ruled out, however. Interestingly, in most cases, the PDR pressure is an order of magnitude larger than the pressure of the ionized gas. Further investigation is needed to understand this large pressure difference.
description: 28 pages, 7 figures, 5 tables (accepted for publication in ApJ)
A simple and versatile topology optimization formulation for flexure synthesis
Creators: name: Koppen, Stijn
name: Langelaar, Matthijs
name: van Keulen, Fred
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: High-tech equipment critically relies on flexures for precise manipulation and measurement. Through elastic deformation, flexures offer extreme position repeatability within a limited range of motion in their degrees of freedom, while constraining motion in the degrees of constraint. Topology optimization proves a prospective tool for the design of short-stroke flexures, providing maximum design freedom and allowing for application-specific requirements. State-of-the-art topology optimization formulations for flexure synthesis are subject to challenges like ease of use, versatility, implementation complexity, and computational cost, leaving a generally accepted formulation absent. This study proposes a novel topology optimization formulation for the synthesis of short-stroke flexures uniquely based on strain energy measures under prescribed displacement scenarios. The resulting self-adjoint optimization problem resembles great similarity to classic compliance minimization and inherits similar implementation simplicity, computational efficiency, and convergence properties. Numerical examples demonstrate the versatility in flexure types and the extendability of additional design requirements. The provided source code encourages the formulation to be explored and applied in academia and industry.
description: For associated video of prototypes see https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jHqkL6dLo2M&t=24s&ab_channel=artofscience
Measure-preserving homeomorphisms of noncompact manifolds and mass flow toward ends
Creators: name: Yagasaki, Tatsuhiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57S05, 28D15, 58C35, 57N15

description: Suppose M is a noncompact connected n-manifold and m is a good Radon measure of M with m(bdry M) = 0. Let H(M; m) denote the group of m-preserving homeomorphisms of M equipped with the compact-open topology and H_E(M; m) denote the subgroup consisting of all h in H(M; m) which fix the ends of M. Each h in H_E(M; m) moves mass toward ends and this quantity is measured by a mass flow homomorphism J : H_E(M; m) -> V_m, where V_m is a topological vector space. We show that the map J has a continuous section. This induces the factorization H_E(M; m) cong Ker J times V_m and implies that Ker J is a strong deformation retract of H_E(M; m).
description: the published version
The Huygens principle and cosmological gravitational waves in the Regge-Wheeler gauge
Creators: name: Malec, Edward
name: Wylezek, Grzegorz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the propagation of axial gravitational waves in Friedman universes. The evolution equation is obtained in the Regge-Wheeler gauge. The gravitational waves obey the Huygens principle in the radiation dominated era, but in the matter dominated universe their propagation depends on their wavelengths, with the scale fixed essentially by the Hubble radius. Short waves practically satisfy the Huygens principle while long waves can backscatter off the curvature of a spacetime.
description: 4 pages
Measuring Marketing Effectiveness in The Long Term, A Case Study of a Retail Chain
Creators: name: Slama, Ahmed
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 80110 Simulation and Modelling
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Advancements in information technologies and related disciplines have attracted attention in several fields such as marketing. The need for measuring the marketing effectiveness alongside the current amount of data floating around called for intertwined solution; Marketing Mix Modeling. For it being "the gold standard of marketing measurement", it was never flawless. In less than a half century, it rather started to lose its glow for its shortcomings. Recognizing the absence of long-term measurements in marketing mix modeling, in this thesis, we first define terms related to marketing effectiveness measurement and briefly review contributions in the literature. Moreover, we perform for a retail chain "Emporion", short-term measurement using econometric models and long-term evaluation using the Unobserved Component Model. We find that the base sales are deteriorating over time, media channels have more contributions to the sales than seasonal promotions over the long-term and brand advertising on TV is yielding more impact than the short-term and across media.
Mediated interactions between rigid inclusions in two-dimensional elastic or fluid films
Creators: name: Richter, Sonja K.
name: Menzel, Andreas M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interactions between rigid inclusions in continuous three-dimensional linearly elastic solids and low-Reynolds-number viscous fluids have largely been quantified during the past. Prime example systems are given by functionalized elastic composite materials or fluid colloidal suspensions. Here, we address the significantly less frequently studied situation of rigid inclusions in two-dimensional elastic or low-Reynolds-number fluid films. We concentrate on the situation in which disk-like inclusions remain well separated from each other and do not get into contact. Specifically, we demonstrate and explain that the logarithmic divergence of the associated Green's function is removed in the absence of net external forces on the inclusions, in line with physical intuition. For instance, this situation applies when only pairwise mutual interactions between the inclusions prevail. Our results will support, for example, investigations on membranes functionalized by appropriate inclusions, both of technical or biological origin, or the dynamics of active microswimmers in appropriately prepared thin films.
Additional file 1 of Treatment outcomes of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in Bahawalpur, Pakistan; a record review
Creators: name: Atif, Muhammad
name: Fatima, Razia
name: Nafees Ahmad
name: Zaheer-Ud-Din Babar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Transit Timing Variation of XO-3b: Evidence for Tidal Evolution of Hot Jupiter with High Eccentricity
Creators: name: Yang, Fan
name: Wei, Xing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observed transit timing variation (TTV) potentially reveals the period decay caused by star-planet tidal interaction which can explain the orbital migration of hot Jupiters. We report the TTV of XO-3b, using TESS observed timings and archival timings. We generate a photometric pipeline to produce light curves from raw TESS images and find the difference between our pipeline and TESS PDC is negligible for timing analysis. TESS timing presents a shift of 17.6 minutes (80 $σ$), earlier than the prediction from the previous ephemeris. The best linear fit for all timings available gives a Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) value of 439. A quadratic function is a better model with a BIC of 56. The period derivative obtained from a quadratic function is -6.2$\times$10$^{-9}$$\pm$2.9$\times$10$^{-10}$ per orbit, indicating an orbital decay timescale 1.4 Myr. We find that the orbital period decay can be well explained by tidal interaction. The `modified tidal quality factor' $Q_{p}'$ would be 1.8$\times$10$^{4}$$\pm$8$\times$10$^{2}$ if we assume the decay is due to the tide in the planet; whereas $Q_{*}'$ would be 1.5$\times$10$^{5}$$\pm$6$\times$10$^{3}$ if tidal dissipation is predominantly in the star. The precession model is another possible origin to explain the observed TTVs. We note that the follow-up observations of occultation timing and radial velocity monitoring are needed for fully discriminating the different models.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, Accepted
Additional file 1 of Professional identity formation within Longitudinal Integrated Clerkships: a scoping review protocol
Creators: name: Brown, Megan El
name: Whybrow, Paul
name: Kirwan, Gavin
name: Finn, Gabrielle M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: PRISMA-P 2015 Checklist.
Additional file 1 of Long-term sickness absence among young and middle-aged workers in Norway: the impact of a population-level intervention
Creators: name: Hanvold, Therese N.
name: Kristensen, Petter
name: Corbett, Karina
name: Hasting, Rachel L.
name: Mehlum, Ingrid S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Description: LSAS in intervention and control group in the pre intervention period 1998–2000. Figure S2. Description: Risk of LSAS in intervention and control group by sex, adjusted for age.
Additional file 2 of Long-term sickness absence among young and middle-aged workers in Norway: the impact of a population-level intervention
Creators: name: Hanvold, Therese N.
name: Kristensen, Petter
name: Corbett, Karina
name: Hasting, Rachel L.
name: Mehlum, Ingrid S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Description: Distribution and crude LSAS risks for female employees according to year, intervention status, industrial sector, and company size. Table S2. Description: Distribution and crude LSAS risks for male employees according to year, intervention status, industrial sector, and company size.
Additional file 2 of Is a differentiated care model needed for patients with TB? A cohort analysis of risk factors contributing to unfavourable outcomes among TB patients in two states in South India
Creators: name: Washington, Reynold
name: Potty, Rajaram Subramanian
name: A. Rajesham
name: T. Seenappa
name: Singarajipura, Anil
name: Swamickan, Reuben
name: Shah, Amar
name: K. H. Prakash
name: Kar, Arin
name: Karthikeyan Kumaraswamy
name: B. S. Prarthana
name: Maryala, Bala Krishna
name: J. Sushma
name: Dasari, Ramesh
name: Bharath Shetty
name: Panibatla, Vikas
name: H. L. Mohan
name: Becker, Marissa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Prevention Care and Support Card (PCS).
Additional file 4 of Measuring the well-being of people with dementia: a conceptual scoping review
Creators: name: Clarke, Chris
name: Woods, Bob
name: Moniz-Cook, Esme
name: Mountain, Gail
name: Øksnebjerg, Laila
name: Chattat, Rabih
name: Diaz, Ana
name: Gove, Dianne
name: Myrra Vernooij-Dassen
name: Wolverson, Emma
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4 . Domain-Based Measures of Wellbeing and Their Use in Dementia (n = 35). Data: Tabulated and synthesised findings.
Kirschbaum S.J., Engelbert: Lexikon der christlichen Ikonographie ...
Creators: name: Restle, Marcell
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 60 (1976): Oriens christianus, Band 60
Additional file 1 of Is a differentiated care model needed for patients with TB? A cohort analysis of risk factors contributing to unfavourable outcomes among TB patients in two states in South India
Creators: name: Washington, Reynold
name: Potty, Rajaram Subramanian
name: A. Rajesham
name: T. Seenappa
name: Singarajipura, Anil
name: Swamickan, Reuben
name: Shah, Amar
name: K. H. Prakash
name: Kar, Arin
name: Karthikeyan Kumaraswamy
name: B. S. Prarthana
name: Maryala, Bala Krishna
name: J. Sushma
name: Dasari, Ramesh
name: Bharath Shetty
name: Panibatla, Vikas
name: H. L. Mohan
name: Becker, Marissa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Tool for risk and needs assessment (RANA).
Ankle joint biomechanics applied to computer-assisted total knee replacement
Creators: name: Shute, Cameron
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In total knee arthroplasty, implants are aligned perpendicular to the mechanical axis of the lower limb (the line connecting the centre of the hip to the centre of the ankle). Currently, there is a very precise method for locating the centre of the hip, but not so for the centre of the ankle joint. In this study, I report on the two primary contributions I have made to the problem of locating a meaningful ankle centre for use in the computer-assisted total knee arthroplasty system we are developing at the University of British Columbia. The first contribution I made was by deriving the algorithms for use in fitting mathematical models of the ankle (both ball-in-socket and biaxial) to subject-specific data, and then performing the numerical and physical simulations to identify which algorithms are best suited to each model for use with our computer-assisted surgical system. The second contribution I made was my investigation of locating the ankle centre using these different ankle models mentioned above, in weight-bearing and non-weight-bearing, compared to locating the ankle centre using anatomic digitization. By conducting tests on 12 live subjects to identify the precision of each technique I found that the spherical method of ankle centre localization in the non-weight-bearing was the most reliable method of predicting the location of the ankle centre in weight-bearing.
Multistate polarization addressing using one single beam in an azo polymer film
Creators: name: Kandjani, S. Ahmadi
name: Barille, R.
name: Dabos-Seignon, S.
name: Nunzi, J. -M.
name: Ortyl, E.
name: Kucharski, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Peculiar light-matter interactions can break the rule that a single beam polarization can address only two states in an optical memory device. Multistate storage of a single beam polarization is achieved using self-induced surface diffraction gratings in a photo-active polymer material. The grating orientation follows the incident light beam polarization direction. The permanent self-induced surface relief grating can be readout in real time using the same laser beam.
description: 11 pages,3 figures
MAGPIS: A Multi-Array Galactic Plane Imaging Survey
Creators: name: Helfand, David J.
name: Becker, Robert H.
name: White, Richard L.
name: Fallon, Adam
name: Tuttle, Sarah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the Multi-Array Galactic Plane Imaging Survey (MAGPIS), which maps portions of the first Galactic quadrant with an angular resolution, sensitivity and dynamic range that surpasses existing radio images of the Milky Way by more than an order of magnitude. The source detection threshold at 20 cm is in the range 1--2 mJy over the 85% of the survey region (5 deg < l < 32 deg, |b| < 0.8 deg) not covered by bright extended emission. We catalog over 3000 discrete sources (diameters mostly <30 arcsec) and present an atlas of ~400 diffuse emission regions. New and archival data at 90 cm for the whole survey area are also presented. Comparison of our catalogs and images with the MSX mid-infrared data allow us to provide preliminary discrimination between thermal and non-thermal sources. We identify 49 high-probability supernova remnant candidates, increasing by a factor of seven the number of known remnants with diameters smaller than 5 arcmin in the survey region; several are pulsar wind nebula candidates and/or very small diameter remnants (D<45 arcsec). We report the tentative identification of several hundred H II regions based on a comparison with the mid-IR data; they range in size from unresolved ultra-compact sources to large complexes of diffuse emission on scales of half a degree. In several of the latter regions, cospatial nonthermal emission illustrates the interplay between stellar death and birth. We comment briefly on plans for followup observations and our extension of the survey; when complemented by data from ongoing X-ray and mid-IR observations, we expect MAGPIS to provide the most complete census yet obtained of the birth and death of massive stars in the Milky Way. Catalogs and images are available on the MAGPIS web site (http://third.ucllnl.org/gps).
description: 21 pages, 10 figures, 4 tables; submitted to AJ
DART Mission Determination of Momentum Transfer: Model of Ejecta Plume Observations
Creators: name: Cheng, Andrew F.
name: Stickle, Angela M.
name: Fahnestock, Eugene G.
name: Dotto, Elisabetta
name: Della Corte, Vincenzo
name: Chabot, Nancy L.
name: Rivkin, Andrew S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The NASA Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) spacecraft will impact the secondary member of the [65803] Didymos binary in order to perform the first demonstration of asteroid deflection by kinetic impact. Determination of the momentum transfer to the target body from the kinetic impact is a primary planetary defense objective, using ground-based telescopic observations of the orbital period change of Didymos and imaging of the DART impact ejecta plume by the LICIACube cubesat, along with modeling and simulation of the DART impact. LICIACube, contributed by the Italian Space Agency, will perform a flyby of Didymos a few minutes after the DART impact, to resolve the ejecta plume spatial structure and to study the temporal evolution. LICIACube ejecta plume images will help determine the vector momentum transfer from the DART impact, by determining or constraining the direction and the magnitude of the momentum carried by ejecta. A model is developed for the impact ejecta plume optical depth, using a point source scaling model of the DART impact. The model is applied to expected LICIACube plume images and shows how plume images enable characterization of the ejecta mass versus velocity distribution. The ejecta plume structure, as it evolves over time, is determined by the amount of ejecta that has reached a given altitude at a given time. The evolution of the plume optical depth profiles determined from LICIACube images can distinguish between strength-controlled and gravity-controlled impacts, by distinguishing the respective mass versus velocity distributions. LICIACube plume images discriminate the differences in plume structure and evolution that result from different target physical properties, mainly strength and porosity, thereby allowing inference of these properties to improve the determination of momentum transfer.
description: 45 pages, 16 figures. Accepted by Icarus
Additional file 3 of Measuring the well-being of people with dementia: a conceptual scoping review
Creators: name: Clarke, Chris
name: Woods, Bob
name: Moniz-Cook, Esme
name: Mountain, Gail
name: Øksnebjerg, Laila
name: Chattat, Rabih
name: Diaz, Ana
name: Gove, Dianne
name: Myrra Vernooij-Dassen
name: Wolverson, Emma
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3 Domains of well-being in dementia - conceptual synthesis. Data: Tabulated and synthesised findings.
Diffusion approximation for noise-induced evolution of first integrals in multifrequency systems
Creators: name: Freidlin, M. I.
name: Wentzell, A. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider fast oscillating perturbations of dynamical systems in regions where one can introduce action-angle type coordinates. In an appropriate time scale, a diffusion approximation of the first-integrals evolution is described under the assumption that the set of resonance tori is small enough. If the action-angle coordinates can be introduced just piece-wise , the limiting diffusion process should be considered on an open book space. Such a process can be described by differential operators, one on each page, supplemented by some gluing conditions on the binding of the open book.
description: 26 pages, will be submitted to Journal of Statistical Physics
Spin accumulation and decay in magnetic Schottky barriers
Creators: name: Bauer, Gerrit E. W.
name: Tserkovnyak, Yaroslav
name: Brataas, Arne
name: Ren, Jun
name: Xia, Ke
name: Zwierzycki, Maciej
name: Kelly, Paul J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The theory of charge and spin transport in forward-biased Schottky barriers reveals characteristic and experimentally relevant features. The conductance mismatch is found to enhance the current induced spin-imbalance in the semiconductor. The GaAs|MnAs interface resistance is obtained from an analysis of the magnetic field dependent Kerr rotation experiments by Stephens et al. and compared with first-principles calculations for intrinsic interfaces. With increasing current bias, the interface transparency grows towards the theoretical values, reflecting increasingly efficient Schottky barrier screening.
Multifrequency study of HH 137 and HH 138: Discovering new knots and molecular outflows with Gemini and APEX
Creators: name: Ferrero, Leticia V.
name: Cappa, Cristina E.
name: Saldaño, Hugo P.
name: Gómez, Mercedes
name: Rubio, Mónica
name: Güthardt, Guillermo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a multi-wavelength study of two HH objects (137 and 138) that may be associated. We use Gemini H$_2$ (2.12 $μ$m) and K (2.2 $μ$m) images, as well as APEX molecular line observations and Spitzer image archives. Several H$_2$ knots, linked to the optical chain of knots of HH 137, are identified in the Gemini and Spitzer 4.5 $μ$m images. New shock excited regions related to the optical knots delineating HH 138 are also reported. In addition, a bright 4.5 $μ$m 0.09 pc-long arc-shaped structure, roughly located mid-way between HH 137 and HH 138, is found to be associated with two Spitzer Class I/II objects, which are likely to be the exciting stars. These sources are almost coincident with a high-density molecular clump detected in $^{12}$CO(3-2), $^{13}$CO(3-2), C$^{18}$O(3-2), HCO$^{+}$(3-2) and HCN(3-2) molecular lines with an LTE mass of 36 M$_{\odot}$. The $^{12}$CO(3-2) emission distribution over the observed region reveals molecular material underlying three molecular outflows. Two of them (outflows 1 and 2) are linked to all optical knots of HH 137 and HH 138 and to the H$_2$ and 4.5 $μ$m shock emission knots. In fact, the outflow 2 shows an elongated $^{12}$CO blue lobe that coincides with all the H$_2$ knots of HH 137 which end at a terminal H$_2$ bow shock. We propose a simple scenario that connects the outflows to the dust clumps detected in the region. A third possible outflow is located to the north-east projected towards a secondary weak and cold dust clump.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures, 4 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Toric Sasaki-Einstein manifolds and Heun equations
Creators: name: Oota, Takeshi
name: Yasui, Yukinori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Symplectic potentials are presented for a wide class of five dimensional toric Sasaki-Einstein manifolds, including L^{a,b,c} which was recently constructed by Cvetic et al. The spectrum of the scalar Laplacian on L^{a,b,c} is also studied. The eigenvalue problem leads to two Heun's differential equations and the exponents at regular singularities are directly related to toric data. By combining knowledge of the explicit symplectic potential and the exponents, we show that the ground states, or equivalently holomorphic functions, have one-to-one correspondence with integral lattice points in the convex polyhedral cone. The scaling dimensions of the holomorphic functions are simply given by scalar products of the Reeb vector and the integral vectors, which are consistent with R-charges of BPS states in the dual quiver gauge theories.
description: 26 pages, no figures; references added; v3: revised version, to appear in Nuclear Physics B
Lorentz Violation and Synchrotron Radiation
Creators: name: Altschul, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the radiation emitted by an ultrarelativistic charged particle moving in a magnetic field, in the presence of an additional Lorentz-violating interaction. In contrast with prior work, we treat a form of Lorentz violation that is represented by a renormalizable operator. Neglecting the radiative reaction force, the particle's trajectory can be determined exactly. The resulting orbit is generally noncircular and does not lie in the place perpendicular to the magnetic field. We do not consider any Lorentz violation in the electromagnetic sector, so the radiation from the accelerated charge can be determined by standard means, and the radiation spectrum will exhibit a Lorentz-violating directional dependence. Using data on emission from the Crab nebula, we can set a bound on a particular combination of Lorentz-violating coefficients at the $6\times10^{-20}$ level.
description: 14 pages
AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF THE RETURN TO CANADIAN SWINE RESEARCH - 1974-1997
Creators: name: Thomas, Greg
name: Fox, Glenn
name: Brinkman, George L.
name: Oxley, Jamie
name: Gill, Ravinderpal
name: Junkins, Bruce
name: Thomas, Greg
name: Fox, Glenn
name: Brinkman, George L.
name: Oxley, Jamie
name: Gill, Ravinderpal
name: Junkins, Bruce
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: This paper reports a new set of estimates of the returns to swine research in Canada. These estimates were obtained using Agriculture and Agrifood Canada's Canadian Regional Agricultural Model (CRAM). Positive Mathematical Programming was incorporated into the model for use in this study. The CRAM allows the effects of supply shifts from technological change in the hog industry to interact with product and factor market conditions in the rest of Canadian agriculture. Previous estimates of the returns to Canadian swine research were obtained with a partial equilibrium model that did not allow for intra-sectoral resource use adjustments. Extensive sensitivity analysis was conducted to examine the robustness of the return estimates under variations in some of the key assumptions employed in the analysis. The costs of public and private sector swine research were estimated. Public sector research costs were inclusive of the marginal excess burden of taxation. Overall, the estimated benefits from Canadian swine research were high relative to the estimated costs for the time period considered. The estimated returns obtained in this study were higher than those obtained in an earlier study that used a partial equilibrium approach, but the differences in returns are not solely attributable to this single change in the method used in the analysis.
Additional file 2 of Measuring the well-being of people with dementia: a conceptual scoping review
Creators: name: Clarke, Chris
name: Woods, Bob
name: Moniz-Cook, Esme
name: Mountain, Gail
name: Øksnebjerg, Laila
name: Chattat, Rabih
name: Diaz, Ana
name: Gove, Dianne
name: Myrra Vernooij-Dassen
name: Wolverson, Emma
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Review of Reviews - Lived Experiences of Well-Being and Quality of Life in Dementia: Key Findings and Themes. Data: Tabulated and synthesised findings.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EXPORTS, CREDIT RISK AND CREDIT GUARANTEES
Creators: name: Rienstra-Munnicha, Paul
name: Turvey, Calum G.
name: Rienstra-Munnicha, Paul
name: Turvey, Calum G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: This paper provides an understanding of how the export credit worthiness of an importing country affects export sales of agricultural and other manufactured products and how export credit guarantees or insurance can mitigate risks of non-payment. A theoretical model is developed. It shows how risk mitigation through export credit insurance could increase exports to high risk importing countries. The key result is that the export response curve is more inelastic in the presence of payment risk, and the effect of insurance is to make the export curve more elastic. Statistical evidence supports this fundamental premise.
Fast Runge-Kutta approximation of inhomogeneous parabolic equations
Creators: name: López-Fernández, María
name: Lubich, Christian
name: Palencia, Cesar
name: Schädle, Achim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65M20

description: The result after $N$ steps of an implicit Runge-Kutta time discretization of an inhomogeneous linear parabolic differential equation is computed, up to accuracy $ε$, by solving only $$O\Big(\log N \log \frac1ε\Big) $$ linear systems of equations. We derive, analyse, and numerically illustrate this fast algorithm.
The Abundance Pattern of $α$ elements in the Triangulum-Andromeda Overdensity
Creators: name: Silva, J. V. Sales
name: Cunha, K.
name: Perottoni, H. D.
name: Rocha-Pinto, H. J.
name: Daflon, S.
name: Almeida-Fernandes, F.
name: Souto, Diogo
name: Majewski, S. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The close relationship between the nature of the Triangulum-Andromeda (TriAnd) overdensity and the Galactic disk has become increasingly evident in recent years. However, the chemical pattern of this overdensity (R$_{GC}$ = 20 - 30 kpc) is unique and differs from what we know of the local disk. In this study, we analyze the chemical abundances of five $α$ elements (Mg, O, Si, Ca, and Ti) in a sample of stars belonging to the TriAnd overdensity, including stars with [Fe/H] $
Determinants of Student Performance in an Undergraduate Financial Accounting Class
Creators: name: Harrington, Donna Ramirez
name: Kulasekera, Kumuduni
name: Bates, Rick
name: Bredahl, Maury E.
name: Harrington, Donna Ramirez
name: Kulasekera, Kumuduni
name: Bates, Rick
name: Bredahl, Maury E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: This study investigates the effects of class size, high school accounting, aptitude and attitude on learning , measured by the difference between post-test and pre-test scores, in an undergraduate financial accounting class, after controlling for students' major and semester level. Statistical analysis showed that scores of students in small classes improved by 48%, while scores of students in the large classes improved by 6% percent, implying a decline in learning by 88% by shifting to larger classes. High school accounting was found to improve pre- and post-test scores but the improvement on their post-test scores was significantly lower, implying a diminishing effect of high school accounting on performance as the complexity of the course material increases. We also found that midterm grade (aptitude) and changes in perception about the relevance of the class on business-related issues (attitude) motivate learning.
National Election Pool Poll: 2022 Florida Election Day Exit Poll
Creators: name: ABC News
name: CBS News
name: CNN
name: National Election Pool (NEP)
name: NBC News
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2024

description: US Senate vote (12); gubernatorial vote (5); inflation/the economy (3); first time voting in midterms (2); President Joe Biden job approval (1); crime (1); abortion (3); gun policy (1); immigration (2); Governor Rob DeSantis job approval (1); opinion of Donald Trump (1); opinion of Val Deming’s views(1); opinion of Marco Rubio’s views (1); 2020 presidential vote (1); confidence in fair elections (1); Joe Biden 2024 presidential run (1); Donald Trump 2024 presidential run (1), Ron Desantis 2024 presidential run (1); Joe Biden legitimately won the presidency in 2020 (1); importance of which party controls the Senate (2); senate vote to support/oppose Joe Biden (2); senate vote to support/oppose Donald Trump (2).