cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Deep hole residual stress measurements using Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometry
Creators: name: Alava, Raymond
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This research study presents the design, development and testing of a sensor which utilizes the techniques of Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometry (ESPI) for making deep-hole residual stress measurements. ESPI is optical technique that can be used to determine deformation at the surface of an object by combining interference patterns before and after deformation occurs. Although the technique has previously been used for determining residual stresses close to the surface, it has not yet been applied to measuring stresses deep within the interior of a specimen. The deep-hole method determines interior residual stresses in a specimen by making measurement of a reference hole. Overcoring of the reference hole results in stress relief leading to deformations at the hole surface. Pre- and post-deformation measurements of the reference hole are then used to determine the original stress state. In order to make these measurements a deep hole imaging sensor has been designed. The design focuses light down a long tube to illuminate the reference hole. The hole is then imaged onto a CCD camera and the optical data provides the necessary displacement measurements. A least squares technique utilizing a series of basis functions allows explicit calculation of all six components of the stress tensor from the displacement data. The sensor was subjected to a series of tests to demonstrate its capability to make the desired optical measurements! The basic functionality of the sensor was verified through displacement tests where stable, distinctive ESPI fringe patterns were observed. However, the application of a known stress field produced large disturbances resulting in a de-correlation of the optical data. Based on the observed de-correlation, recommendations are provided for improving the rigidity and overall performance of the design.
Additional file 1 of Optic neuropathy secondary to granulomatosis with polyangiitis in a patient with Graves’ disease: a case report
Creators: name: Sato-Akushichi, Miki
name: Kinouchi, Reiko
name: Kawai, Naoko
name: Nomura, Kenichiro
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Figure. Contrast-enhanced MRI images during remission and recurrence. A, B: MRI images at the time of remission, taken 2 weeks after the start of treatment. C, D: MRI images taken for follow-up, one week before the patient realized his vision had deteriorated for the recurrence. White arrows indicate enhanced dura of the bottom of left frontal cortex (B, D) . The enhancement in (D) appears thicker and stronger than that of in (B). White arrow head points enhancement surrounding mildly enhanced the optic nerve (C).
The Hubbard model with intersite interaction within the Composite Operator Method
Creators: name: Avella, Adolfo
name: Mancini, Ferdinando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the one- and two- dimensional extended Hubbard model by means of the Composite Operator Method within the 2-pole approximation. The fermionic propagator is computed fully self-consistently as a function of temperature, filling and Coulomb interactions. The behaviors of the chemical potential (global indicator) and of the double occupancy and nearest-neighbor density- density correlator (local indicators) are analyzed in detail as primary sources of information regarding the instability of the paramagnetic (metal and insulator) phase towards charge ordering driven by the intersite Coulomb interaction. Very rich phase diagrams (multiple first and second order phase transitions, critical points, reentrant behavior) have been found and discussed with respect to both metal-insulator and charge ordering transitions: the connections with the experimental findings relative to some manganese compounds are analyzed. Moreover, the possibility of improving the capability of describing cuprates with respect to the simple Hubbard model is discussed through the analysis of the Fermi surface and density of states features. We also report about the specific heat behavior in presence of the intersite interaction and the appearance of crossing points.
description: 15 pages, 36 figures
Correlating magnetic structure and magnetotransport in semimetal thin films of Eu$_{1-x}$Sm$_x$TiO$_3$
Creators: name: Porter, Zach
name: Need, Ryan F.
name: Ahadi, Kaveh
name: Zhao, Yang
name: Xu, Zhijun
name: Kirby, Brian J.
name: Lynn, Jeffrey W.
name: Stemmer, Susanne
name: Wilson, Stephen D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the evolution of the average and depth-dependent magnetic order in thin film samples of biaxially stressed and electron-doped EuTiO$_3$ for samples across a doping range $
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
A Simple Parametrisation of the Pion Form Factor
Creators: name: Kirk, Matthew
name: Kubis, Bastian
name: Reboud, Méril
name: van Dyk, Danny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a novel and simple parametrisation of the pion vector form factor that transparently connects spacelike and timelike regions of the momentum transfer $q^2$. Our parametrisation employs the framework of conformal mapping and respects the known analyticity properties of the form factor, accounting explicitly for the $ρ(770)$-meson pole. The parametrisation manifestly fulfils the normalisation condition at $q^2 = 0$ as well as further restrictions at the pion production threshold and in the limit $|q^2| \to \infty$. In contrast to the widely used Omnès parametrisation, our approach does not use the pion-pion scattering phase shift as input. We confront the parametrisation with experimental data from $πH$ scattering and $τ^- \to π^-π^0ν$ decay. We already find a good description of the data with only five free parameters, which include the pole mass and decay width of the $ρ(770)$.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, 1 table. v2: reference added, journal version
Jeans Instability in Non-Minimal Matter-Curvature Coupling Gravity
Creators: name: Gomes, Cláudio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The weak field limit of the nonminimally coupled Boltzmann equation is studied, and relations between the invariant Bardeen scalar potentials are derived. The Jean's criterion for instabilities is found through the modified dispersion relation. Special cases are scrutinised and considerations on the model parameters are discussed for Bok globules.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure
Large eddy simulation of the turbulence and fiber motion in a headbox
Creators: name: Feng, Xiaosi
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis describes numerical simulations of the mean flow and the large-scale turbulence structures in a typical paper machine headbox. Parallel computational methods and a large eddy simulation (LES) model are used. Turbulent flow through the converging section is modelled and is then used, with a suitable fiber model, to make predictions of the statistical fiber orientation in the headbox. The present large eddy simulations have been made with a new parallel computational code developed by the author for this purpose. Techniques for parallel computation of LES are discussed. In this code, the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations are solved using a staggered finite volume method for a generalized curvilinear coordinate system. The fractional step method is used to solve the momentum equations. A Poisson equation for pressure is obtained to satisfy the continuity equation. The Smagorinsky constant, the dynamic subgrid scale models and the approximate deconvolution model (ADM) are used in the large eddy simulations to account for the effects of the unresolved turbulent motions. Satisfactory validation of the new code is obtained through comparisons with experiments and computations of fully developed channel flow. The parallel efficiency is higher than 80% for the present parallel computation of LES. For the converging section flow representing the headbox, the computed values of the mean velocity agree well with the measured values. For the rms fluctuations, there are some differences between the numerical and the measured results over the first third of the converging section. These differences appear to be related to the impossiblity to set accurately the flow in the experiment and to the inflow data used in the simulations. A modified method for the simulation of inflow conditions is proposed, and used, and better agreement with experimental data is obtained with the new inflow conditions. The LES computer code is coupled with a suitable fiber model to predict the statistical orientation of nylon "fibers" in the converging section. The numerical methods give statistical results which are similar to existing experimental data for the fiber orientation. Finally, high Reynolds number large eddy simulations are carried out for a commercial sized headbox of generic geometry. Two inflow conditions for the converging section are investigated and some conclusions are drawn.
Costus igneus subsp. leaves N. E. Br.
Creators: name: Hardikar, Manasi R.
name: Varma, Mokshada E.
name: Kulkarni, Anjali A.
name: Kulkarni, Prasad P.
name: Joshi, Bimba N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Zingiberales
Costaceae
Costus
Costus igneus
C. igneus

description: 5.2. Isolation of ILP from C. igneus leaves
 Stock plants of C. igneus N. E. Br. were collected from FRLHT nursery, Bangalore. They were cultivated in the Mulshi Taluka of Maharashtra state. The plant was authenticated by Botanical Survey of India (No. BSI/WRC/Cert./2015; Collection No. BNJ 01; C. igneus formerly known as Costus pictus D.Don.) ILP was isolated from the leaves of C. igneus and purified further by a method described previously (Joshi et al., 2013). The purity (>97%) was established by HPLC and SDS–PAGE analysis. (See Supplementary Information).
description: Published as part of Hardikar, Manasi R., Varma, Mokshada E., Kulkarni, Anjali A., Kulkarni, Prasad P. & Joshi, Bimba N., 2016, Elucidation of hypoglycemic action and toxicity studies of insulin-like protein from Costus igneus, pp. 99-107 in Phytochemistry 124 on page 104, DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2016.02.001, http://zenodo.org/record/10485123
Additional file 1 of Ferumoxytol Attenuates the Function of MDSCs to Ameliorate LPS-Induced Immunosuppression in Sepsis
Creators: name: Xue, Yaxian
name: Xu, Yujun
name: Liu, Xinghan
name: Sun, Zhiheng
name: Pan, Yuchen
name: Lu, Xia
name: Liang, Huaping
name: Dou, Huan
name: Hou, Yayi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Primers used for real-time quantitative PCR analysis.
Graph Convolutional Subspace Clustering: A Robust Subspace Clustering Framework for Hyperspectral Image
Creators: name: Cai, Yaoming
name: Zhang, Zijia
name: Cai, Zhihua
name: Liu, Xiaobo
name: Jiang, Xinwei
name: Yan, Qin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Hyperspectral image (HSI) clustering is a challenging task due to the high complexity of HSI data. Subspace clustering has been proven to be powerful for exploiting the intrinsic relationship between data points. Despite the impressive performance in the HSI clustering, traditional subspace clustering methods often ignore the inherent structural information among data. In this paper, we revisit the subspace clustering with graph convolution and present a novel subspace clustering framework called Graph Convolutional Subspace Clustering (GCSC) for robust HSI clustering. Specifically, the framework recasts the self-expressiveness property of the data into the non-Euclidean domain, which results in a more robust graph embedding dictionary. We show that traditional subspace clustering models are the special forms of our framework with the Euclidean data. Basing on the framework, we further propose two novel subspace clustering models by using the Frobenius norm, namely Efficient GCSC (EGCSC) and Efficient Kernel GCSC (EKGCSC). Both models have a globally optimal closed-form solution, which makes them easier to implement, train, and apply in practice. Extensive experiments on three popular HSI datasets demonstrate that EGCSC and EKGCSC can achieve state-of-the-art clustering performance and dramatically outperforms many existing methods with significant margins.
description: This paper is submitted to IEEE TGRS
Additional file 1 of Differential expression of hemolysin genes in weakly and strongly hemolytic Brachyspira hyodysenteriae strains
Creators: name: Joerling, Jessica
name: Willems, Hermann
name: Ewers, Christa
name: Herbst, Werner
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Primers and PCR conditions used in this study.
AFM's path to atomic resolution
Creators: name: Giessibl, Franz J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the progress in the spatial resolution of atomic force microscopy (AFM) in vacuum. After an introduction of the basic principle and a conceptual comparison to scanning tunneling microscopy, the main challenges of AFM and the solutions that have evolved in the first twenty years of its existence are outlined. Some crucial steps along the AFM's path towards higher resolution are discussed, followed by an outlook on current and future applications.
description: Submitted to Materials Today, scheduled for May 2005 issue
Additional file 6 of Similar yet different: phylogenomic analysis to delineate Salmonella and Citrobacter species boundaries
Creators: name: Pilar, Ana Victoria C.
name: Petronella, Nicholas
name: Dussault, Forest M.
name: Verster, Adrian J.
name: Sadjia Bekal
name: Levesque, Roger C.
name: Goodridge, Lawrence
name: Tamber, Sandeep
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 6: Table S6. List of Citrobacter genomes obtained from RefSeq database, June 2019.
The nearby universe observed in far-infrared and in ultraviolet: an analysis of the dust attenuation and the star formation activity
Creators: name: Buat, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the dust attenuation and the star formation rates in the nearby universe obtained from a comparison of far-infrared (IRAS) and ultraviolet (GALEX) observations. The ratio of the dust to UV flux ratio is used to derive the dust attenuation: this dust attenuation is found to increase with the luminosity of the galaxies and from z=0 to z=1. The slope of the UV continuum is found to be a very poor tracer of the dust attenuation in "normal" galaxies. Galaxies selected by their UV emission are found to be rather quiescent with a recent star formation rate equal to only 25-30% of the past averaged one. Galaxies selected in FIR appear slightly more active in star formation.
description: 10 pages, invited conference, The Spectral Energy Distribution of Gas Rich Galaxies: Confronting Models with Data Heidelberg, Germany October 4-8, 2004
Tavis-Cummings models and their quasi-exactly solvable Schrödinger Hamiltonians
Creators: name: Mohamadian, T.
name: Negro, J.
name: Nieto, L. M.
name: Panahi, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study in detail the relationship between the Tavis-Cummings Hamiltonian of quantum optics and a family of quasi-exactly solvable Schrödinger equations. The connection between them is stablished through the biconfluent Heun equation. We found that each invariant $n$-dimensional subspace of Tavis-Cummings Hamiltonian corresponds either to $n$ potentials, each with one known solution, or to one potential with $n$-known solutions. Among these Schrödinger potentials appear the quarkonium and the sextic oscillator.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
Anisotropic pinned/biased magnetization in $SrRuO_3/SrMnO_3$ superlattices
Creators: name: Padhan, P.
name: Prellier, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exchange coupling at the interfaces of magnetic superlattices consisting of ferromagnetic $SrRuO_3$ and antiferromagnetic $SrMnO_3$ grown on (001) oriented $SrTiO_3$ is studied with in-plane and out-of-plane orientations, with respect to the substrate plane, of the cooling magnetic field. The magnetization of the in-plane, field cooled hysteresis loop is lower than the corresponding in-plane zero-field-cooled hysteresis loop. The out-of-plane field cooled hysteresis loop is shifted, from the origin, along the graphical magnetization axis. We attribute this irreversible rotation of the moment to the pinning/biasing of spin in the $SrRuO_3$ layer in the vicinity of interfaces by the antiferromagnetic $SrMnO_3$ layer.
description: To be published in Eur. Jour. Phys. B for a topical issue on "new trends in magnetic exchange bias phenomena"
Additional file 4 of Similar yet different: phylogenomic analysis to delineate Salmonella and Citrobacter species boundaries
Creators: name: Pilar, Ana Victoria C.
name: Petronella, Nicholas
name: Dussault, Forest M.
name: Verster, Adrian J.
name: Sadjia Bekal
name: Levesque, Roger C.
name: Goodridge, Lawrence
name: Tamber, Sandeep
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Table S4. Number of open reading frames (ORFS) and coding sequences (CDS) in the genomes of SalFoS strains.
MOESM1 of Ferumoxytol Attenuates the Function of MDSCs to Ameliorate LPS-Induced Immunosuppression in Sepsis
Creators: name: Xu, Yujun
name: Xue, Yaxian
name: Liu, Xinghan
name: Li, Yi
name: Liang, Huaping
name: Dou, Huan
name: Hou, Yayi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Primers used for real-time quantitative PCR analysis.
Unsupervised Domain Adaptation via Discriminative Manifold Propagation
Creators: name: Luo, You-Wei
name: Ren, Chuan-Xian
name: Dai, Dao-Qing
name: Yan, Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Unsupervised domain adaptation is effective in leveraging rich information from a labeled source domain to an unlabeled target domain. Though deep learning and adversarial strategy made a significant breakthrough in the adaptability of features, there are two issues to be further studied. First, hard-assigned pseudo labels on the target domain are arbitrary and error-prone, and direct application of them may destroy the intrinsic data structure. Second, batch-wise training of deep learning limits the characterization of the global structure. In this paper, a Riemannian manifold learning framework is proposed to achieve transferability and discriminability simultaneously. For the first issue, this framework establishes a probabilistic discriminant criterion on the target domain via soft labels. Based on pre-built prototypes, this criterion is extended to a global approximation scheme for the second issue. Manifold metric alignment is adopted to be compatible with the embedding space. The theoretical error bounds of different alignment metrics are derived for constructive guidance. The proposed method can be used to tackle a series of variants of domain adaptation problems, including both vanilla and partial settings. Extensive experiments have been conducted to investigate the method and a comparative study shows the superiority of the discriminative manifold learning framework.
description: To be published in IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
The evolutionary sequence of active galactic nuclei and galaxy formation revealed
Creators: name: Page, M. J.
name: Stevens, J. A.
name: Ivison, R. J.
name: Carrera, F. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Today, almost every galaxy spheroid contains a massive black hole: a remnant of, and testament to, a period in its evolution when it contained an active galactic nucleus (AGN). However, the sequence and timescales of the formation of the black hole and surrounding spheroid of stars are completely unknown, leaving a large gap in our knowledge of how the Universe attained its present appearance. Here we present submillimeter observations of matched samples of X-ray absorbed and unabsorbed AGN which have luminosities and redshifts characteristic of the sources responsible for most of the mass in present day black holes. Strong submillimeter emission, an isotropic signature of copious star formation, is found only in the X-ray absorbed sample, ruling out orientation effects as the cause of the absorption. The space density and luminosity range of the X-ray absorbed AGN indicate that they are undergoing the transition between a hidden growth phase and an unabsorbed AGN phase, and implies that the X-ray absorbed period in the AGN's evolution coincides with the formation of the galaxy spheroid.
description: accepted for publication in ApJ letters
Asymptotic Freedom and Compositeness
Creators: name: Herbst, Ulrich
name: Hofmann, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the phase and the modulus of an energy- and pressure-free, composite, adjoint, and inert field $ϕ$ in an SU(2) Yang-Mills theory at large temperatures. This field is physically relevant in describing part of the ground-state structure and the quasiparticle masses of excitations. The field $ϕ$ possesses nontrivial $S^1$-winding on the group manifold $S^3$. Even at asymptotically high temperatures, where the theory reaches its Stefan-Boltzmann limit, the field $ϕ$, though strongly power-suppressed, is conceptually relevant: its presence resolves the infrared problem of thermal perturbation theory.
description: version 4: slight changes in text, change of title
Metallicity dependence of the Blazhko effect
Creators: name: Smolec, Radoslaw
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The microlensing surveys, such as OGLE or MACHO, have led to the discovery of thousands of RR Lyrae stars in the Galactic Bulge and in the Magellanic Clouds, allowing for detailed investigation of these stars, specially the still mysterious Blazhko phenomenon. Higher incidence rate of Blazhko (BL) variables in the more metal-rich Galactic Bulge than in the LMC, suggests that occurance of Blazhko effect correlates with metallicity (Moskalik and Poretti 2003). To investigate this problem, we calibrate the photometric method of determining the metallicity of the RRab star (Kovacs and Zsoldos 1995) to the I-band and apply it to the OGLE Galactic Bulge and LMC data. In both systems, metallicities of non Blazhko and Blazhko variables are close to each other. The LMC Blazhko pulsators prefer slightly lower metallicities. The different metallicities of the Galactic Bulge and the LMC, can't explain the observed incidence rates. As a by-product of our metallicity estimates, we investigate the luminosity-metallicity relation, finding a steep dependence of the luminosity on [Fe/H]
description: 26 pages, 14 figures, accepted by Acta Astronomica
A polynomial time and space heuristic algorithm for T-count
Creators: name: Mosca, Michele
name: Mukhopadhyay, Priyanka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work focuses on reducing the physical cost of implementing quantum algorithms when using the state-of-the-art fault-tolerant quantum error correcting codes, in particular, those for which implementing the T gate consumes vastly more resources than the other gates in the gate set. More specifically, we consider the group of unitaries that can be exactly implemented by a quantum circuit consisting of the Clifford+T gate set, a universal gate set. Our primary interest is to compute a circuit for a given $n$-qubit unitary $U$, using the minimum possible number of T gates (called the T-count of unitary $U$). We consider the problem COUNT-T, the optimization version of which aims to find the T-count of $U$. In its decision version the goal is to decide if the T-count is at most some positive integer $m$. Given an oracle for COUNT-T, we can compute a T-count-optimal circuit in time polynomial in the T-count and dimension of $U$. We give a provable classical algorithm that solves COUNT-T (decision) in time $O\left(N^{2(c-1)\lceil\frac{m}{c}\rceil}\text{poly}(m,N)\right)$ and space $O\left(N^{2\lceil\frac{m}{c}\rceil}\text{poly}(m,N)\right)$, where $N=2^n$ and $c\geq 2$. This gives a space-time trade-off for solving this problem with variants of meet-in-the-middle techniques. We also introduce an asymptotically faster multiplication method that shaves a factor of $N^{0.7457}$ off of the overall complexity. Lastly, beyond our improvements to the rigorous algorithm, we give a heuristic algorithm that outputs a T-count-optimal circuit and has space and time complexity $\text{poly}(m,N)$, under some assumptions. While our heuristic method still scales exponentially with the number of qubits (though with a lower exponent, there is a large improvement by going from exponential to polynomial scaling with $m$.
description: Accepted in Quantum Science and Technology journal (not the exact journal version)
GIS as spatial decision support system
Creators: name: Halbich, Cestmir
name: Vostrovsky, Vaclav
name: Halbich, Cestmir
name: Vostrovsky, Vaclav
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Knowledge
subject: semi-structural spatial decision problem
subject: spatial decision support system
subject: Geographic Information System

description: This paper describes the possibility of the Geographic Information Systems (GIS) as a means to support decision making in solving spatial problems. Spatial problems accompany every human activity, of which agriculture is no exception. The solutions to these problems requires the application of available knowledge in the relevant decision-making processes. GISs integrate hardware, software, and data for capturing, managing, analyzing, and displaying all forms of geographically referenced information. Coupled with GISs, geography helps to better understand and apply geographic knowledge to a host of global problems (unemployment, environmental pollution, the loss of arable land, epidemics etc.). The result may be a geographical approach represents a new way of thinking and solutions to existing spatial problems. This approach allows to apply existing knowledge to model and analyze these problems and thus help to solve them.
Numerical investigation of industrial continuous digesters
Creators: name: Fan, Yaoguo
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Digesters, either of batch or continuous type, are large chemical cooking vessels used to convert wood chips into fiber solution or pulp, from which paper products are eventually produced. In the continuous digesters, the complex liquor flow, which usually has a number of circulation loops, interacts with the downward moving wood chips through mass, momentum, and energy exchanges and therefore has a major effect on the chip motion and the cooking reactions. A set of comprehensive differential equations governing the two-phase flow, heat transfer, and chemical reaction is developed, with the purpose of computationally investigating the cooking process in continuous digesters. A new cooking reaction model is also derived, based on extensive experimental data. To model the chip phase motion, the chip phase is assumed to be a non-Newtonian fluid with a slip boundary condition on the digester walls. A number of sub-models are examined and used to account for the compressibility of chip column and the inter-phase friction force. Based on the governing equations and mathematical models, a general two-phase three-dimensional CFD code has been developed to calculate the flow fields for both phases, solid fraction, temperature, and the concentrations of chemicals. The developed CFD code also has the capability of solving many other potential multiphase reactive flow problems. Liquid flow in a laboratory digester filled with compacted chips is simulated by the developed code. The computations compare reasonably well with the experimental observations by ERT (Electrical Resistance Tomography). Currently, the code cannot predict the tracer motion. Therefore detailed comparison between CFD simulation and ERT images cannot be made. Simulations are also performed in a full-scale industrial digester. The predictions of yield and kappa number at the digester exit are accurate for various cooking conditions. The distributions of pressure and chip phase volume fraction are discussed, the chip phase velocity profiles at different digester levels are plotted, and the kappa number variation in the digester exit plane is also addressed. Simulations also show that an increased production rate results in a higher kappa number and a lower solid pressure at the bottom exit, and therefore the digester becomes more difficult or impossible to operate. The impact of variations of chip type and cold blow flow rate on cooking performance is also investigated computationally. The extensive investigation of the parameter variation impact on the process has shown that the model developed constitutes a reliable tool to predict the complex process in industrial digesters.
Additional file 1 of Bio-assisted synthesis of bimetallic nanoparticles featuring antibacterial and photothermal properties for the removal of biofilms
Creators: name: Nudelman, Roman
name: Gavriely, Shira
name: Bychenko, Darya
name: Barzilay, Michal
name: Gulakhmedova, Tamilla
name: Gazit, Ehud
name: Richter, Shachar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. (a) A confocal microscope image of 25/75 JF/PCL NFs (applied voltage 13kV) labeled with DTAF (x20 magnitude). (b) A confocal microscope image of 75/25 JF/PCL NFs (applied voltage 13kV) labeled with DTAF (x20 magnitude). (c) A column graph which displays the difference between the NFs intensities (x10 magnitude) as a function of the applied voltage and JF/PCL ratio. Figure S2. Mechanical properties of JF/PCL scaffolds (A) Young's modulus as a function of JF/PCL ratio. (B) Column graph which displays the difference between the NFs thickness as a function of the applied voltage and JF/PCL ratio. (C) Column graph which displays the difference between the NFs porosity Stress-strain curve as a function of JF/PCL ratio for (D) 13kV and (E) 17kV as a function of the applied voltage and JF/PCL ratio. Figure S3. AuNPs synthesized with pH 3 on different JF/PCL NFs scaffolds. (a) 25/75 (b) 33/66 (c) 50/50 (d) 66/33 (e) 75/25. Figure S4. AuNPs synthesized with pH 9 on different JF/PCL NFs scaffolds. (a) 25/75 (b) 33/66 (c) 50/50 (d) 66/33 (e) 75/25. Figure S5. XRD of AuNPs in pH 3 and pH 9. Inset is XRD of pristine JF/PCL scaffold. Figure S6. Particle size dependence on JF/PCL component ratio. Figure S7. Au-Ag NPs on NFs scaffold under different power output of 808nm laser. Figure S8. (a) DTA curves of 66/33 and 33/66 JF/PCL scaffolds. (b) TGA curves of 66/33 and 33/66 JF/PCL scaffolds. Figure S9. Disk diffusion test of Au NPs pH 9, AgNPs, Au-Ag NPs on NFS scaffolds, after 24 hours on a bacteria culture. (A) Bacteria substrates before scaffolds were removed. (B) bacteria substrates after scaffolds were removed. Au-Ag NPS (NFS scaffolds) that were put on bacteria culture (C) before laser NIR laser irradiation. (D) after 60 seconds of laser irradiation. (G) in area underneath NFS scaffold (50/50 13kv) with Au and Ag after 60 seconds of irradiation. Figure S10. (a) Area underneath pristine NFs scaffold (without NPs) after irradiation with laser for 60 sec. (b) ESEM image of the scaffold after irradiation. Figure S11. (a) Swab sample that were taken underneath scaffolds after laser irradiation. (b) Swab sample that were taken underneath the same scaffolds after incubation for 24 hours. Table S1. T-Test for AuNPs size grown in different conditions- pH and JF/PCL scaffold
Observation of sixfold degenerate fermions in PdSb$_2$
Creators: name: Yáng, Xiàn
name: Cochran, Tyler A.
name: Chapai, Ramakanta
name: Tristant, Damien
name: Yin, Jia-Xin
name: Belopolski, Ilya
name: Chéng, Zǐjiā
name: Multer, Daniel
name: Zhang, Songtian S.
name: Shumiya, Nana
name: Litskevich, Maksim
name: Jiang, Yuxiao
name: Chang, Guoqing
name: Zhang, Qi
name: Vekhter, Ilya
name: Shelton, William A.
name: Jin, Rongying
name: Xu, Su-Yang
name: Hasan, M. Zahid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three types of fermions have been extensively studied in topological quantum materials: Dirac, Weyl, and Majorana fermions. Beyond the fundamental fermions in high energy physics, exotic fermions are allowed in condensed matter systems residing in three-, six- or eightfold degenerate band crossings. Here, we use angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy to directly visualize three-doubly-degenerate bands in PdSb$_2$. The ultrahigh energy resolution we are able to achieve allows for the confirmation of all the sixfold degenerate bands at the R point, in remarkable consistency with first-principles calculations. Moreover, we find that this sixfold degenerate crossing has quadratic dispersion as predicted by theory. Finally, we compare sixfold degenerate fermions with previously confirmed fermions to demonstrate the importance of this work: our study indicates a topological fermion beyond the constraints of high energy physics.
Making massive stars in the Galactic Centre via accretion onto low-mass stars within an accretion disc
Creators: name: Davies, Melvyn B.
name: Lin, Doug N. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin of the population of very massive stars observed within $\sim 0.4$ pc of the supermassive black hole in the Galactic Centre is a mystery. Tidal forces from the black hole would likely inhibit {\it in situ} star formation whilst the youth of the massive stars would seem to exclude formation elsewhere followed by transportation (somehow) into the Galactic centre. Here we consider a third way to produce these massive stars from the lower-mass stars contained in the nuclear stellar cluster which surrounds the supermassive black hole. A passing gas cloud can be tidally shredded by the supermassive black hole forming an accretion disc around the black hole. Stars embedded within this accretion disc will accrete gas from the disc via Bondi-Hoyle accretion, where the accretion rate onto a star, $\dot{M}_\star \propto M_\star^2$. This super-exponential growth of accretion can lead to a steep increase in stellar masses, reaching the required 40-50 M$_\odot$ in some cases. The mass growth rate depends sensitively on the stellar orbital eccentricities and their inclinations. The evolution of the orbital inclinations and/or their eccentricities as stars are trapped by the disc, and their orbits are circularised, will increase the number of massive stars produced. Thus accretion onto low-mass stars can lead to a top heavy stellar mass function in the Galactic Centre and other galactic nuclei. The massive stars produced will pollute the environment via supernova explosions and potentially produce compact binaries whose mergers may be detectable by the LIGO-VIRGO gravitational waves observatories.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Data, Information and Knowledge in Agricultural Decision-Making
Creators: name: Houskova Berankova, Martina
name: Houska, Milan
name: Houskova Berankova, Martina
name: Houska, Milan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Data
subject: Information
subject: Knowledge
subject: Multiple-Criteria Decision-Making Model
subject: Grain Dryers

description: It is very important to work with data, information and knowledge correctly, when a decision model is used as a support for managerial decision-making. Unfortunately, these terms are understood differently in various branches; particularly, the definitions of knowledge are very different. It causes problems in praxis; it is not clear, in which case data processing, information or knowledge/expert systems are appropriate to use. In this paper we introduce modern approaches to indentifying these terms. The objective of the paper is to identify data, information and knowledge in decision-making process, particularly in multiple-criteria decision-making model, to help users of such models to better understand it. To reach this objective, we need to provide appropriate definitions of data, information and knowledge as well as the specific algorithms of decision-making models used in the following sections. Then we go through the decision-making process and analyze the needs of data, information and knowledge in its individual phases. We demonstrate our approach on grains dryer selection problem under conditions of a specific agriculture company.
Additional file 2 of Similar yet different: phylogenomic analysis to delineate Salmonella and Citrobacter species boundaries
Creators: name: Pilar, Ana Victoria C.
name: Petronella, Nicholas
name: Dussault, Forest M.
name: Verster, Adrian J.
name: Sadjia Bekal
name: Levesque, Roger C.
name: Goodridge, Lawrence
name: Tamber, Sandeep
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. List of reference genomes used in this study.
Complex assessment of poverty using composite indicator
Creators: name: Pacakova, Zuzana
name: Hlavsa, Tomas
name: Pacakova, Zuzana
name: Hlavsa, Tomas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Political Economy
subject: Production Economics
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Poverty
subject: material deprivation
subject: multivariate methods
subject: composite indicator

description: The article deals with measuring poverty whereas poverty is considered to be a multidimensional phenomenon and is represented by various dimensions. It aims to propose a methodical instrument for complex evaluation of poverty and the differences in poverty among the EU Member States. This instrument is also appropriate for regional comparison among the regions of Czech Republic. Methodical instrument on the basis of composite indicator has been suggested and it has been verified on selected poverty indicators. Using the composite indicator the development of the EU countries in the period 2004 – 2009 is described. While Denmark, Netherlands and Luxembourg made a huge improvement between the two years, the smallest progress was accomplished in Latvia, Hungary and Bulgaria.
Generic two-phase coexistence in nonequilibrium systems
Creators: name: Munoz, M. A.
name: Santos, F. de los
name: da Gama, M. M. Telo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gibbs' phase rule states that two-phase coexistence of a single-component system, characterized by an n-dimensional parameter-space, may occur in an n-1-dimensional region. For example, the two equilibrium phases of the Ising model coexist on a line in the temperature-magnetic-field phase diagram. Nonequilibrium systems may violate this rule and several models, where phase coexistence occurs over a finite (n-dimensional) region of the parameter space, have been reported. The first example of this behaviour was found in Toom's model [Toom,Geoff,GG], that exhibits generic bistability, i.e. two-phase coexistence over a finite region of its two-dimensional parameter space (see Section 1). In addition to its interest as a genuine nonequilibrium property, generic multistability, defined as a generalization of bistability, is both of practical and theoretical relevance. In particular, it has been used recently to argue that some complex structures appearing in nature could be truly stable rather than metastable (with important applications in theoretical biology), and as the theoretical basis for an error-correction method in computer science (see [GG,Gacs] for an illuminating and pedagogical discussion of these ideas).
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, to appear in Eur. Phys. J. B, svjour.cls and svepj.clo needed
Using Libraries of Approximate Circuits in Design of Hardware Accelerators of Deep Neural Networks
Creators: name: Mrazek, Vojtech
name: Sekanina, Lukas
name: Vasicek, Zdenek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Approximate circuits have been developed to provide good tradeoffs between power consumption and quality of service in error resilient applications such as hardware accelerators of deep neural networks (DNN). In order to accelerate the approximate circuit design process and to support a fair benchmarking of circuit approximation methods, libraries of approximate circuits have been introduced. For example, EvoApprox8b contains hundreds of 8-bit approximate adders and multipliers. By means of genetic programming we generated an extended version of the library in which thousands of 8- to 128-bit approximate arithmetic circuits are included. These circuits form Pareto fronts with respect to several error metrics, power consumption and other circuit parameters. In our case study we show how a large set of approximate multipliers can be used to perform a resilience analysis of a hardware accelerator of ResNet DNN and to select the most suitable approximate multiplier for a given application. Results are reported for various instances of the ResNet DNN trained on CIFAR-10 benchmark problem.
description: To appear at the 2nd IEEE International Conference on Artificial Intelligence Circuits and Systems (AICAS 2020)
Additional file 1 of A novel protein fusion partner, carbohydrate-binding module family 66, to enhance heterologous protein expression in Escherichia coli
Creators: name: Ko, Hyunjun
name: Kang, Minsik
name: Kim, Mi-Jin
name: Yi, Jiyeon
name: Kang, Jin
name: Bae, Jung-Hoon
name: Sohn, Jung-Hoon
name: Sung, Bong Hyun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Cell growth curve of E. coli BL21(DE3) containing PETase expression vectors. Figure S2. SDS-PAGE analysis of commercial EGF. Figure S3. Quantification of CBM-fused CalB lipase. Figure S4. Expression analysis of PETase in E. coli Rosetta-gami (DE3). Figure S5. Soluble expression effect of a linker and a peptidase domain in pCBM66.
High-impedance resonators for strong coupling to an electron on helium
Creators: name: Koolstra, G.
name: Glen, E. O.
name: Beysengulov, N. R.
name: Byeon, H.
name: Castoria, K. E.
name: Sammon, M.
name: Dizdar, B.
name: Wang, C. S.
name: Schuster, D. I.
name: Lyon, S. A.
name: Pollanen, J.
name: Rees, D. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The in-plane motion of an electron on helium can couple to superconducting microwave resonators via electrical dipole coupling, offering a robust and rapid readout scheme. In previous efforts, microwave resonator designs for electrons on helium have lacked the coupling strength to reach the strong coupling regime, where coherent quantum effects outlast both electron and resonator decoherence rates. High-impedance superconducting microwave resonators offer a path to strong coupling, but integrating such resonators with electrons on helium remains an outstanding challenge. Here, we introduce a high-impedance resonator design compatible with strong coupling to electrons on helium. We fabricate and measure titanium nitride resonators with median internal quality factors of $3.9\times 10^5$ and average impedance of 2.5 k$Ω$, promising a seven-fold increase in coupling strength compared with standard 50$Ω$ resonators. Additionally, we develop a simplified resonator model from the capacitance matrix and sheet inductance that accurately predicts the mode frequencies, significantly simplifying the design process of future resonators for investigating quantum effects with electrons on helium.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables