cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A REST/NRSF-dependent transcriptional remodeling governs GABAergic synaptic upscaling induced by chronic hyperactivity
Creators: name: PRESTIGIO, COSIMO
Publisher: name: Universit� degli studi di Genova
Year: 2020

description: REST/NRFS (RE1-silencing transcription factor) has been initially identified as a negative transcription factor. Its target genes encode postsynaptic receptors, ion channels and transporters, neuropeptides and synaptic proteins. Evidences show that in mature neurons, REST can be upregulated by neuronal hyperactivity and works as a master epigenetic modulator, acting mostly as transcriptional repressor and, occasionally, as a transcriptional activator (Perera et al., 2015; Kallunki et al., 1998). We have previously demonstrated that REST is critical for the downscaling of intrinsic excitability in excitatory neurons subjected to prolonged elevation of electrical activity (Pozzi et al., 2013) and that it participates to the synaptic homeostasis of glutamatergic synapses by reducing their strength at the presynaptic level (Pecoraro-Bisogni et al., 2017). The aim of our work is to verify if REST plays a role in the synaptic homeostasis of GABAergic transmission evoked by hyperexcitability. Here we show that neuronal hyperactivity, obtained by treating for two days primary hippocampal neurons with 4-aminopyridine (4AP), induces a REST-dependent potentiation of the strength and number of somatic GABAergic synapses onto excitatory neurons, while the effect was lacking when the postsynaptic target cell was another inhibitory neuron. Our data suggest that the postsynaptic target specificity depends on a REST-dependent induction of a downstream transcription factor, NPAS4, known for its role in the development of inhibitory synapses, thanks to its capability of activating BDNF release from excitatory neurons upon hyperactivity (Lin et al. 2008). BDNF is synthetized only by excitatory neurons (Hofer et al., 1990). Thus, the retrograde action of BDNF, released from the soma of excitatory neurons onto the somatic GABAergic presynaptic contacts, could explain the observed postsynaptic target specificity of REST-action.
Visualizing the Impact of a New Clinical Informationist Service
Creators: name: Gutzman, Karen E
name: Miller, Corinne Holden
name: Peterson, Jonna
Publisher: name: Galter Health Science Library & Learning Center
Year: 2017

description: This presentation was given as a webinar on Tuesday, September 26, 2017 from 10:00 am - 11:00 am (CST). The webinar was hosted by the National Network of Libraries of Medicine (NNLM) Greater Midwest Region (GMR) through their Kernel of knowledge expert-speaker series
Neural Control and Biomechanics of the Octopus Arm Muscular Hydrostat
Creators: name: DI CLEMENTE, ALESSIO
Publisher: name: Universit� degli studi di Genova
Year: 2022

description: Octopus vulgaris is a cephalopod mollusk with outstanding motor capabilities, built upon the action of eight soft and exceptionally flexible appendages. In the absence of any rigid skeletal-like support, the octopus arm works as a ?muscular hydrostat? and movement is generated from the antagonistic action of two main muscle groups (longitudinal, L, and transverse, T, muscles) under an isovolumetric constrain. This peculiar anatomical organization evolved along with novel morphological arrangements, biomechanical properties, and motor control strategies aimed at reducing the computational burden of controlling unconstrained appendages endowed with virtually infinite degrees of freedom of motion. Hence, the octopus offers the unique opportunity to study a motor system, different from those of skeletal animals, and capable of controlling complex and precise motor tasks of eight arms with theoretically infinite degrees of freedom. Here, we investigated the octopus arm motor system employing a bottom-up approach. We began by identifying the motor neuron population and characterizing their organization in the arm nervous system. We next performed an extensive biomechanical characterization of the arm muscles focusing on the morphofunctional properties that are likely to facilitate the dynamic deformations occurring during arm movement. We show that motor neurons cluster in specific regions of the arm ganglia following a topographical organization. In addition, T muscles exhibit biomechanical properties resembling those of vertebrate slow muscles whereas L muscles are closer to those of vertebrate fast muscles. This difference is enhanced by the hydrostatic pressure inherently present in the arm, which causes the two muscles to operate under different conditions. Interestingly, these features underlie the different use of arm muscles during specific tasks Thus, the octopus evolved several arm-embedded adaptations to reduce the motor control complexity and increase the energetic efficiency of arm motion. This study find relevance also in the blooming field of soft-robotics. Indeed, an increasing number of researchers are currently aiming to design and construct bio-inspired soft-robotic manipulators, more flexible and versatile than their ?hard? counterparts and more suited to perform gentle tasks and to interact with biological tissues. In this context, the octopus emerged as a pivotal source of inspiration for motor control principles underlying motion in soft-bodied limbs.
Classification of non-Kac compact quantum groups of SU(n) type
Creators: name: Neshveyev, Sergey
name: Yamashita, Makoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We classify up to isomorphism all non-Kac compact quantum groups with the same fusion rules and dimension function as $SU(n)$. For this we first prove, using categorical Poisson boundary, the following general result. Let $G$ be a coamenable compact quantum group and $K$ be its maximal quantum subgroup of Kac type. Then any dimension-preserving unitary fiber functor $Rep\ G \to Hilb_f$ factors, uniquely up to isomorphism, through $Rep\ K$. Equivalently, we have a canonical bijection $H^2(\hat G; T) \cong H^2(\hat K; T)$. Next, we classify autoequivalences of the representation categories of twisted $q$-deformations of compact simple Lie groups.
description: 22 pages; v1: subsumes and strengthens the classification result from arXiv:1310.4407; v2: minor improvements, appendix corrected; v3: minor corrections, final version
title: DNA microarray analysis of 'Staphylococcus aureus' from Nigeria and South Africa
Creators: name: Shittu, Adebayo Osagie
name: Adesoji, Tomiwa
name: Udo, Edet Ekpenyong
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 610 Medicine and health

description: 'Staphylococcus aureus' is an important human pathogen with an arsenal of virulence factors and a propensity to acquire antibiotic resistance genes. The understanding of the global epidemiology of 'S. aureus' through the use of various typing methods is important in the detection and tracking of novel and epidemic clones in countries and regions. However, detailed information on antibiotic resistance and virulence genes of 'S. aureus', and its population structure is still limited in Africa. In this study, 'S. aureus' isolates collected in South Africa (n = 38) and Nigeria (n = 2) from 2001–2004 were characterized by spa typing and DNA microarray. The combination of these two methods classified the isolates into seven spa types and three clonal complexes (CCs) i.e. t064-CC8 (n = 17), t037-CC8 (n = 8), t1257-CC8 (n = 6), t045-CC5 (n = 5), t951-CC8 (n = 1), t2723-CC88 (n = 1), t6238-CC8 (n = 1), and untypeable-CC8 (n = 1). A high percentage agreement (>95%) and kappa coefficient (>0.60) was largely observed with antibiotic susceptibility testing and DNA microarray, indicating substantial agreement. Some antibiotic and virulence gene markers were associated with specific clones. The detection of the collagen-binding adhesion ('cna') gene was unique for t037-CC8-MRSA while the enterotoxin gene cluster ('egc') and staphylococcal complement inhibitor ('scn') gene were identified with t045-CC5-MRSA. Moreover, the combination of genes encoding enterotoxins ('entA', 'entB', 'entK', 'entQ') was noted with most of the CC8 isolates. The t045-CC5-MRSA clone was positive for the mercury resistance ('mer') operon. DNA microarray provides information on antibiotic resistance and virulence gene determinants and can be a useful tool to identify gene markers for specific 'S. aureus' clones in Africa.
description: Finanziert durch den Open-Access-Publikationsfonds der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU Münster).
Constraining couplings of the top quarks to the Z boson in ttbar+Z production at the LHC
Creators: name: Röntsch, Raoul
name: Schulze, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study top quark pair production in association with a Z boson at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and investigate the prospects of measuring the couplings of top quarks to the Z boson. To date these couplings have not been constrained in direct measurements. Such a determination will be possible for the first time at the LHC. Our calculation improves previous coupling studies through the inclusion of next-to-leading order (NLO) QCD corrections in production and decays of all unstable particles. We treat top quarks in the narrow-width approximation and retain all NLO spin correlations. To determine the sensitivity of a coupling measurement we perform a binned log-likelihood ratio test based on normalization and shape information of the angle between the leptons from the Z boson decay. The obtained limits account for statistical uncertainties as well as leading theoretical systematics from residual scale dependence and parton distribution functions. We use current CMS data to place the first direct constraints on the ttbZ couplings. We also consider the upcoming high-energy LHC run and find that with 300 inverse fb of data at an energy of 13 TeV the vector and axial ttbZ couplings can be constrained at the 95% confidence level to C_V=0.24^{+0.39}_{-0.85} and C_A=-0.60^{+0.14}_{-0.18}, where the central values are the Standard Model predictions. This is a reduction of uncertainties by 25% and 42%, respectively, compared to an analysis based on leading-order predictions. We also translate these results into limits on dimension-six operators contributing to the ttbZ interactions beyond the Standard Model.
description: JHEP version + error in Eq. 2.6 corrected and corresponding higher order operator limits modified
Deliverable 3.2 and 3.3: Report on energy demand, climate flexibility and resilience of energy solutions for future climate
Creators: name: Nik, Vahid M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: climate resilience
energy system
flexibility

description: This report is about analysing the climate resilience and flexibility of some of the demosites investigated in the Flexi-Sync project. The assessment is based on several future climate scenarios using regional climate models (RCMs) over a 90-year span of 2010-2099, considering climate uncertainties and extremes. A novel approach is developed to assess climate flexibility and resilience based on heating demand profiles and considering typical and extreme climate conditions over three periods of 2010-2039 (near future), 2040-2069 (mid future) and 2070-2099 (far future). Two indicators are developed for the purpose of this work, namely Climate Flexibility Indicator (CFI) and Climate Resilience Indicator (CRI). It is shown that accounting for flexibility based on 90th percentile of typical near future conditions, can address climate resilience of heating solutions on average, but the resilience of the energy system should be improved for 20-30% to the 90th percentiles of extreme cold events.
Vine St Leicester Roman Townhouse Visions of Ancient Leicester Publication
Creators: name: Buckley, Richard
name: Codd, Mike
name: Morris, Mathew
name: ULAS
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2023
Subjects: Archaeology
Classical Greek and Roman History
History

description: Full PDF/A publication, Visions of Ancient Leicester. Includes illustrations of features and finds from Leicester excavations and reconstruction drawings by Mike Codd. "Reconstructing life in the Roman and medieval town from the archaeology of the Highcross Leicester Excavations" “How do excavations enable archaeologists to reconstruct Leicester's Roman and medieval past? What can they tell us about over two thousand years of history beneath the city's streets? Visions of Ancient Leicester contains a collection of paintings by artist Mike Codd which evocatively bring to life what it would have been like to live in Leicester between the 1st century BC and the 16th century AD.” University of Leicester Archaeological Services (ULAS), School of Archaeology and Ancient History (2011), ISBN: 9780956017970 / 0956017975
Second Quantized Mathieu Moonshine
Creators: name: Persson, Daniel
name: Volpato, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the second quantized version of the twisted twining genera of generalized Mathieu moonshine, and prove that they give rise to Siegel modular forms with infinite product representations. Most of these forms are expected to have an interpretation as twisted partition functions counting 1/4 BPS dyons in type II superstring theory on K3\times T^2 or in heterotic CHL-models. We show that all these Siegel modular forms, independently of their possible physical interpretation, satisfy an "S-duality" transformation and a "wall-crossing formula". The latter reproduces all the eta-products of an older version of generalized Mathieu moonshine proposed by Mason in the '90s. Surprisingly, some of the Siegel modular forms we find coincide with the multiplicative (Borcherds) lifts of Jacobi forms in umbral moonshine.
description: 91 pages. Theorem 5.3 added; presentation improved, comments and explanations added
Classes of states of discrete systems
Creators: name: Krawczyk, Malgorzata J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a method which allows reduction of a size of a simulated system. The method can be applied to any system where one can define a finite set of possible states of the system and an elementary process which transforms one state of the system to another. The method is based on the symmetry of the system symmetry; we get classes of states, which can be used instead of states. We present a detailed procedure for undirected/directed and/or unweighted/weighted graphs. We show applications of the method for different types of systems.
Deep Learning Techniques to Support Endovascular Surgical Procedures
Creators: name: FANTAZZINI, ALICE
Publisher: name: Universit� degli studi di Genova
Year: 2022

description: Clinical Problem. Medical image analysis plays a crucial role in all the stages included in endovascular surgery, from screening to follow-up monitoring. Given the growing availability of clinical images, automatic tools that can process data in a quick and effective way are essential for clinical support. Methods. In this thesis, deep learning (DL) methodologies are designed to support clinicians in three different phases of endovascular surgery: the preoperative phase, the intraoperative phase, and the postoperative phase. In the preoperative phase, deep learning is exploited to perform automatic segmentation of aortic lumen and thrombus dealing with spatial coherence. Then, geometric measurements are extracted from the segmentation, allowing geometric evaluation and aneurysm screening. For the intraoperative phase, a deep learning model is used as a surrogate of finite-element analysis to predict the intraoperative aortic deformations induced by tools-tissue interaction. Finally, for the postoperative phase, deep learning is exploited to perform aortic lumen segmentation and geometric analysis is performed on multiple follow-up patient acquisitions. Results. For the preoperative stage, the developed segmentation pipelines provided better results compared to state-of-the art approaches. Automated geometric measurements showed comparable results to manual ones, and aneurysm screening provided promising results. For the intraoperative stage, the deep learning model showed good accuracy in predicting intraoperative aortic deformations. For the postoperative stage, the preliminary longitudinal analysis of aortic geometry showed that landing zone diameters tend to change over the follow-up acquisitions. Conclusions. This work presents a platform for the automatic analysis of CTA scans of patients affected by aortic diseases. The developed methodologies allow to rapidly process large image databases; the results of such analysis (e.g., thrombus and lumen segmentation, geometric measurements) can be useful in the research field as well as in clinical practice.
Longitudinal evaluation of psychological health issues in young adults subsequent to COVID-19 pandemic
Creators: name: Bussone, Silvia
name: Pesca, Chiara
name: Carola, Valeria
name: Tambelli, Renata
Publisher: name: Psychology Hub
Year: 2023

description: Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and associated restrictions negatively affected mental health, increasing the risk for mood and stress-related symptoms. We recently reported that the lockdown in Italy worsened mental health, affectetd in part by parenting and attachment. Since the pandemic continues, understanding its long-term effects on mental health is mandatory. In this study, we examined how the psychopathological responses previously reported are modulated by the easing of restrictions and how sociorelational patterns influence this response. Methods: 42 university students were screened for psychopathological symptoms (SCL-90-R and STAI-Y), stress perception (PSS), attachment style (RQ), and parental care and overcontrol (PBI) 6 months before the confinement (Phase 1). In the same subjects, psychopathological symptoms and stress perception were retested during the lockdown (Phase 2), November 2020 (Phase 3), and July-September 2021 (Phase 4). Results: Psychopathological symptoms and perceived stress decreased in Phase 4, compared with Phase 2. State anxiety remained elevated during the entire pandemic. In individuals with dysfunctional sociorelational patterns (insecure attachment, low care), state anxiety was stably high over time (from Phases 1 to 4), regardless of pandemic-related environmental changes, whereas those with functional sociorelational patterns (secure attachment, high/intermediate care) experienced changes in state anxiety according to their environments. Conclusion: The improvement in psychological health demonstrates that habituation occurred, despite the pandemic still being perceived as stressful, as in Phase 1. Moreover, the flexibility to environmental changes varied according to the sociorelational patterns, wherein individuals with functional sociorelational patterns adjusted better to their environment than those with dysfunctional sociorelational patterns.
description: Psychology Hub, Vol. 40 No. 1 (2023)
Development of a real-time classifier for the identification of the Sit-To-Stand motion pattern
Creators: name: JOB, MIRKO
Publisher: name: Universit� degli studi di Genova
Year: 2021

description: The Sit-to-Stand (STS) movement has significant importance in clinical practice, since it is an indicator of lower limb functionality. As an optimal trade-off between costs and accuracy, accelerometers have recently been used to synchronously recognise the STS transition in various Human Activity Recognition-based tasks. However, beyond the mere identification of the entire action, a major challenge remains the recognition of clinically relevant phases inside the STS motion pattern, due to the intrinsic variability of the movement. This work presents the development process of a deep-learning model aimed at recognising specific clinical valid phases in the STS, relying on a pool of 39 young and healthy participants performing the task under self-paced (SP) and controlled speed (CT). The movements were registered using a total of 6 inertial sensors, and the accelerometric data was labelised into four sequential STS phases according to the Ground Reaction Force profiles acquired through a force plate. The optimised architecture combined convolutional and recurrent neural networks into a hybrid approach and was able to correctly identify the four STS phases, both under SP and CT movements, relying on the single sensor placed on the chest. The overall accuracy estimate (median [95% confidence intervals]) for the hybrid architecture was 96.09 [95.37 - 96.56] in SP trials and 95.74 [95.39 ? 96.21] in CT trials. Moreover, the prediction delays (?33 ms) were compatible with the temporal characteristics of the dataset, sampled at 10 Hz (100 ms). These results support the implementation of the proposed model in the development of digital rehabilitation solutions able to synchronously recognise the STS movement pattern, with the aim of effectively evaluate and correct its execution.
Feinberg School Celebrates 150 Years: Early 20th Century Progress
Creators: name: Sims, Ronald H
Publisher: name: Galter Health Science Library & Learning Center
Year: 2016

description: This article is part of an occasional series prepared by Galter librarians on the history of and highlights about various Northwestern University health education programs and their alumni. Other articles are about Northwestern University's woman's medical, dental, nursing, and pharmacy schools. (This was the second installment in a multi-part series on the history of Northwestern University's medical school and was featured in Library Notes #52, May 2009).
The role of PD-L1 in biological behavior of intracranial meningiomas
Creators: name: FIASCHI, PIETRO
Publisher: name: Universit� degli studi di Genova
Year: 2021

description: Meningiomas are considered a substantially benign disease that can be treated surgically in the vast majority of patients. However, there are forms of meningioma characterized by greater aggressiveness and/or tendency to recurrence. To date, grading is the only known factor that provides some information about the biological behavior of meningiomas. As a matter of fact, patients with high grade meningiomas (WHO grade 2 and 3) have a significant higher risk to develop local recurrence after treatment and, consequently, they tend to have a shorter survival compared to patients with WHO grade 1 meningiomas .However, even grade 1 meningiomas can recur even if with less frequency. Given that to date there are no approved pharmacological treatments for meningiomas and that the use of treatments such as hormone-therapy and chemotherapy have not shown any substantial benefit, it seems appropriate to hypothesize new innovative therapeutic strategies and verify their biological plausibility. To our knowledge, this is the first report of increased PD-L1 expression in meningioma recurrences compared to their primary presentation, regardless of their grade. The high prevalence of PD-L1 expression in the meningioma population and its correlation with grade and clinical behavior may be an important tool to tailor therapeutical strategies and follow up, in particular in high grade and recurrent cases. Moreover, the results obtained contribute to build a rational basis for designing therapeutic trials that use immunotherapy in the treatment of meningiomas.
A uniform model for Kirillov-Reshetikhin crystals II. Alcove model, path model, and P=X
Creators: name: Lenart, Cristian
name: Naito, Satoshi
name: Sagaki, Daisuke
name: Schilling, Anne
name: Shimozono, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05E05, 33D52, 20G42

description: We establish the equality of the specialization $P_λ(x;q,0)$ of the Macdonald polynomial at $t=0$ with the graded character $X_λ(x;q)$ of a tensor product of "single-column" Kirillov-Reshetikhin (KR) modules for untwisted affine Lie algebras. This is achieved by constructing two uniform combinatorial models for the crystals associated with the mentioned tensor products: the quantum alcove model (which is naturally associated to Macdonald polynomials), and the quantum Lakshmibai-Seshadri path model. We provide an explicit affine crystal isomorphism between the two models, and realize the energy function in both models. In particular, this gives the first proof of the positivity of the $t = 0$ limit of the symmetric Macdonald polynomial in the untwisted and non-simply-laced cases, when it is expressed as a linear combination of the irreducible characters for a finite-dimensional simple Lie subalgebra, as well as a representation-theoretic meaning of the coefficients in this expression in terms of degree functions.
description: 43 pages, 1 figure; slight reorganization of the material, additional details added
The Role of service Quality in Developing the Medical Tourism Sector in an Arabic Context: the Qatari Perspective
Creators: name: Albaz, Asrar
Publisher: name: Cardiff Metropolitan University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other commerce, management, tourism and services not elsewhere classified

description: Medical tourism is a growing niche market within the global tourism sector which has expanded significantly over the last two decades. Since the early 2000's, the Qatari Government has been proactively trying to move away from its economic dependence on oil and the finite hydrocarbon industries and to develop more sustainable industries. At the same time the culture of the country has meant that the government has always sought to provide world class healthcare for its people free at the point of use. Consolidating these aims in the Qatar National Vision 2030, the Qatari Government now seeks to develop a medical tourism industry, which would continue to provide world-class health care for its people, provide high status employment, and expand its sustainable economic base. The aim of this study was to develop an in-depth understanding of the complexity of medical tourism per se and in particular the complexity of medical tourism as a distinct niche market within the Qatari context.S ERVQUAL theory was used as a tool to help develop this deep understanding of medical tourism within the Arabic context.In this study, a framework is developed to identify the critical service quality factors in that context using Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC) as a vehicle in Qatar. A three-phase exploratory sequential mixed methods research design guided by a pragmatic research paradigm with HMC as the vehicle was implemented. Qualitative data was collected through semi-structured interviews with 6 Qatari government officials and 20 senior managers of HMC for the first two phases. For the third a questionnaire involving 350 users of HMC services was distributed to collect quantitative data.Thematic analysis was employed to analyse the interview data while the questionnaire data was analysed using SPSS. The data from all three studies was then triangulated to validate the results and identify key themes.The key findings identified an essential need to revise current Qatari legislation in order to allow hospitals and other medical facilities to participate in the commercial delivery of medical tourism and to relax visa restrictions to allow for easier access to Qatar. They also revealed confusion with regard concept of medical tourism, identifying a much larger continuum of types than previously understood, and conflict between participants with regard to potential fears relating to the development of medical tourism. Finally, it was found that only 4 of the 5 service gaps usually identified in SERVQUAL models were applicable in the Qatari context from a theoretical perspective.
Sums of dilates in ordered groups
Creators: name: Plagne, Alain
name: Tringali, Salvatore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11P70 (Primary), 11B25, 11B30, 11B75, 20F60 (Secondary)

description: We address the "sums of dilates problem" by looking for non-trivial lower bounds on sumsets of the form $k \cdot X + l \cdot X$, where $k$ and $l$ are non-zero integers and $X$ is a subset of a possibly non-abelian group $G$ (written additively). In particular, we investigate the extension of some results so far known only for the integers to the context of torsion-free or linearly orderable groups, either abelian or not.
description: 15 pages, no figures; added new references and some comments in Section 2
Simulation and Control of Groups of People in Multi-modal Mobility
Creators: name: DEL CACHO ESTIL-LES, MARIA  ASUNCION
Publisher: name: Universit� degli studi di Genova
Year: 2021

description: Tourism and transport are constantly growing and, with it, the movements of travellers. This entails two fundamental effects on which we must focus: control of mass tourism and the organization of transport. Good transport organization and travel planning avoid crowds and therefore mass tourism. This allows promoting sustainable tourism in which it is sought to offer a quality service to tourists taking care of the environment. In this thesis the objective is to manage the flow of groups of people through means of transport. This control of groups of people is aimed at customer satisfaction by offering quality tourism. On the one hand, the study focuses on the problem to mitigate the negative effects due to mass arrivals in touristic locations. A TEN network has been developed to define the optimal tours for different groups of tourists. A related mixed integer quadratic optimization model has been developed with three main objectives: it minimizes the maximum value of occupancy in the selected destinations to limit mass tourism, reduces the divergence between the proposed visit tour and one required by the tourist group and the overall duration of their visit, and a heuristic approach has been introduced. On the other hand, it has been implemented a railway scheduling and rescheduling problem introducing optimization-based and min-max approaches on the regional and high-speed railway network. The scheduling model defines the best schedules for a set of trains considering costumers? demand and the priority of the trains to cover the rail sections in case of conflict on the railway lines. Consecutively, the generated feasible timetables are used to minimize possible consequences due to events that may negatively affect the real time traffic management. The main contribution of this section is the introduction in the second approach the innovative concept to prioritize the train that can access on the block section in case of conflicts on the network.
Scalable infrastructure for comparative genomics in the era of large-scale Tree of Life projects
Creators: name: Muffato, Matthieu
name: Guijarro-Clarke, Cristina
name: Alvarez-Jarreta, Jorge
name: Cummins, Carla
name: Thiago Genez
name: Thybert, David
name: Howe, Kevin
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2020

description: Ensembl (www.ensembl.org) produces integrated comparative genomics resources including homology annotation, whole-genome alignments (WGA), and synteny reports for over 1,700 species across the eukaryotic tree of life. The number of genomes processed by Ensembl will grow rapidly over the next few years with the advent of ambitious large-scale biodiversity sequencing projects such as the Darwin Tree of Life project (DToL). DToL aims to sequence and annotate the genomes of ~66,000 species found in the British Isles.
 To accommodate this rapid growth, we continue to improve our methods for processing, storing and displaying comparative genomics data. Numerous algorithmic and infrastructural improvements have been made to cope with these demands. K-mer-based methods estimate species divergence quickly and reliably. HTSlib enables random access to sequence files with virtually no penalty. Hidden Markov Model profiles grant faster and sensitive classifications of sequences for tree reconstruction.
 To further prepare for this avalanche of data, we have recently leveraged an extremely fast distributed file-system to achieve a 5-fold speed increase of our homology processing, enabling the annotation of over a billion homologous relationships across >400 plants and vertebrates in just a few weeks. Fresh development to improve homology upscaling to hundreds of thousands of species includes a new gene tree inference pipeline implementing linear and iterative reconstruction approaches. We are also assessing the role that highly-scalable, cloud-based solutions can play in improving the performance of our pipelines. We plan to develop and deploy the multiple WGA software Cactus, to handle thousands of genomes.
Using phase-specific nonparametric density regression technique to model and compare the COVID-19 infection rate between South Korea and Italy
Creators: name: Chen, Mason
name: Giuliano, Patrick
name: Chen, Charles
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2020

description: This project uses nonparametric density and regression to construct a technique that can accurately and consistently model different countries’ cumulative growth curve through phase divisions. Previous outbreaks (SARS, MERS, and the 1918 flu pandemic) and existing models (SIR and logistic/exponential) were initially consulted to help model the growth, but the unique replication and circumstances of COVID-19 are unlike any other. Additionally, different countries have different approaches to the pandemic, and using one prediction line for the whole curve will not model the growth patterns accurately. This paper utilizes the first and second nonparametric densities to divide up the graph into separate phases and then model each phase using regression. Although each phase already provides a general picture of the different stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, South Korea’s and Italy’s graphs were further studied and compared to uncover other underlying patterns. The importance of factors such as strictness and timing of government regulations, an abundance of healthcare resources, the presence of a local outbreak, testing availability, and a working contact tracing system are all reflected in the slopes and durations of each country’s models. This tool can be further applied across other nations that have reached farther phases in the outbreak to predict the duration and slopes for countries that are still trying to control the outbreak.
Capturing Research Value in Commercial Design Outputs
Creators: name: Al Batlouni, Dana
Publisher: name: Cardiff Metropolitan University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Design not elsewhere classified

description: Effective university-industry collaboration has become a major focus for governments in recent years. Universities are increasingly expected to play a greater role in the innovation system and evidence their contribution to economic development. At the same time, the growth in research quality assessment exercises makes it imperative that all opportunities to discover excellent research with the university context are uncovered. This research was conducted at a commercial design consultancy based within an academic institution, PDR (International Centre of Design and Research). The interaction between applied research and commercial consultancy within PDR led to a recognition of research potentially existing within commercially designed output. The Research questions posed within this PhD thesis are: Research Question 1: How best to recognize where commercial outputs can be characterized as research?
 Research Question 2: Where a research characterization is met, how best to recognize and describe the research quality? The aim of this research is to identify whether research value exists within commercial design outputs produced in an academic context and how the quality of this research could be assessed. This thesis adopts grounded action research inquiry using semi-structured interviews to explore the barriers to, and drivers of, reconciling commercial design activities with research quality in design. The thesis uncovers opportunities to capture value beyond the commercial impact, which university-industry collaboration projects are initiated for. The research led to the identification of a knowledge creation spiral resulting from the knowledge and technology transfer activities taking place within the commercial design projects in a university- industry context. In some instances, this new knowledge can be of excellent research quality if it meets the necessary research criteria. A discovered barrier to the identification of research quality within in commercial outputs was the lack of granular data on the projects thus demonstrating appropriate rigour. It was concluded that there is a need to build a documentation framework to capture the needed information and assess the research potential of commercial design projects from the outset, in order to capture the exchanged and created knowledge. A prototype of a documentation process was developed and tested with two of PDR’s lead designers. The documentation process barriers are limited to technical issues, and its implementation could assist in learning and development, as well as generating new knowledge of research quality.
A Note on Tetrablock Contractions
Creators: name: Sau, Haripada
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 2010: Primary:47A15, 47A20, 47A25, 47A45

description: A commuting triple of operators $(A,B,P)$ on a Hilbert space $\mathcal{H}$ is called a tetrablock contraction if the closure of the set $$ E = \{\underline{x}=(x_1,x_2,x_3)\in \mathbb{C}^3: 1-x_1z-x_2w+x_3zw \neq 0 \text{whenever}|z| \leq 1\text{and}|w| \leq 1 \} $$ is a spectral set. In this paper, we have constructed a functional model and produced a complete unitary invariant for a pure tetrablock contraction. In this construction, the fundamental operators, which are the unique solutions of the operator equations $$ A-B^*P = D_PX_1D_P \text{and} B-A^*P=D_PX_2D_P, \text{where $X_1,X_2 \in \mathcal{B}(\mathcal{D}_P)$}, $$ play a big role. As a corollary to the functional model, we show that every pure tetrablock isometry $(A,B,P)$ on a Hilbert space $\mathcal{H}$ is unitarily equivalent to $(M_{G_1^*+G_2z}, M_{G_2^*+G_1z},M_z)$ on $H^2_{\mathcal{D}_{P^*}}(\mathbb{D})$, where $G_1$ and $G_2$ are the fundamental operators of $(A^*,B^*,P^*)$. We prove a Beurling-Lax-Halmos type theorem for a triple of operators $(M_{F_1^*+F_2z},M_{F_2^*+F_1z},M_z)$, where $\mathcal{E}$ is a Hilbert space and $F_1,F_2 \in \mathcal{B}(\mathcal{E})$. We deal with a natural example of tetrablock contraction on functions space to find out its fundamental operators.
description: 19 pages
An interdisciplinary examination of stress and injury occurrence in athletes
Creators: name: Fisher, Harry
Publisher: name: Cardiff Metropolitan University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Sport and exercise psychology

description: This thesis examined the multifaceted relationship between stress and sports injury. Study 1 explored the relationships between psychological sources of stress (major life events and personality characteristics) and stress-related physiological markers (heart rate variability, muscle stiffness and postural control) using a prospective, repeated measures design. Two Bayesian networks were used to perform the analysis and provided probabilistic statements regarding the effect of different combinations of variables in the network on injury occurrence. The first network revealed that “High” levels of muscle stiffness resulted in the greatest probability (Pr) of injury (Pr = 0.31). However, there was no meaningful difference between “Low” and “High” levels of negative life events on the probability of sustaining an injury (“Low” Pr = 0.24, “High” Pr = 0.26), despite a large body of research finding evidence to the contrary. The second network explicitly modelled changes between time points and found that the combination of increases in muscle stiffness and negative life events resulted in the greatest probability of sustaining an injury (Pr = 0.71). Study 2 addressed a number of research questions that built on those of Study 1, including; whether additional measures such as the stress hormone cortisol was associated with major life events and injury; whether an alternative method of scoring major life events would be related to injury; and how these variables related to both injury occurrence and severity. A subsample from the first study of male football and male rugby players were recruited for the study. Both Bayesian hurdle regression and Bayesian linear regression models were used to analyse the data. Findings revealed that higher levels of both average negative life event score and muscle stiffness increased the probability of injury occurrence and the number of days lost due to injury, although large credible intervals (CrI) were present. The relationship between cortisol and injury was less clear, with each of the two teams involved in the study demonstrating a different response (football, estimate = 0.10, 95% CrI =[-0.43, 0.62]; rugby, estimate = 0.54, 95% CrI = [0.05, 1.05]). The thesis concludes with a discussion of conceptual and theoretical issues, practical implications, strengths and limitations, and directions for future research.
Gyorsfénykép az elektronikus kereskedelemről
Creators: name: Bőgel, György
Publisher: name: BI-KA LOGISZTIKA Kft.
Year: 2021

description: Logisztikai trendek és legjobb gyakorlatok (Nyomtatott ISSN: 2416-0555, Online ISSN: 2560-0362), 2021. december, VII. évfolyam, 2. szám
B1MG M6.2 Mirror groups survey
Creators: name: Rodriguez, Esther
name: Lopez Parra, Pepa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: B1MG
Beyond 1 Million Genomes
1+Million Genomes Initiative
1+MG
NMG
1+MG National Mirror Groups

description: Survey sent out, asking questions regarding the development and organisation of National Mirror Groups (NMGs) in the framework of the 1+MG initiative
description: B1MG has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme under grant agreement No 951724
Dynamical System of Scalar Field from 2-Dimension to 3-D and its Cosmological Implication
Creators: name: Fang, Wei
name: Tu, Hong
name: Huang, Jiasheng
name: Shu, Chenggang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give the three-dimensional dynamical autonomous systems for most of the popular scalar field dark energy models including (phantom) quintessence, (phantom) tachyon, k-essence and general non-canonical scalar field models, change the dynamical variables from variables $(x, y, λ)$ to observable related variables $(w_ϕ, Ω_ϕ, λ)$, and show the intimate relationships between those scalar fields that the three-dimensional system of k-essence can reduce to (phantom) tachyon, general non-canonical scalar field can reduce to (phantom) quintessence and k-essence can also reduce to (phantom) quintessence for some special cases. For the applications of the three-dimensional dynamical systems, we investigate several special cases and give the exactly dynamical solutions in detail. In the end of this paper, we argue that, it is more convenient and also has more physical meaning to express the differential equations of dynamical systems in $(w_ϕ, Ω_ϕ, λ)$ instead of variables $(x, y, λ)$ and to investigate the dynamical system in 3-Dimension instead of 2-Dimension. We also raise a question about the possibility of the chaotic behavior in the spatially flat single scalar field FRW cosmological models in the presence of ordinary matter.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures,some references added. Minor changes according to the suggestions from referees
Features and neural correlates of gait in Parkinson's disease
Creators: name: PUTZOLU, MARTINA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli studi di Genova
Year: 2021

description: The primary objective of the studies conducted over my PhD was to better understand the neurophysiological basis of usual and complex gait in healthy subjects and in people with PD. To reach this aim, we used two innovative methods, AO and MI, which showed to recruit networks similar to the ones recruited during real movements, and three main instruments: a neuromodulatory technique, namely tDCS, and two neuroimaging methods, i.e., fMRI and EEG. Primarily, we decided to study the use of a single session of anodal tDCS, for a better dealing of gait associated to another cognitive or motor task in patients with PD. We used the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex as target, and we performed a double blind, randomized and sham-controlled study. Protocol consisted in two gait evaluations before and after 20 minutes of stimulation during which patients had to walk on a sensorized mat, while making a serial subtraction and while crossing an obstacle. Subsequently, we introduced the use of AO, in order to study neural activations related to gait in patients with PD with and without FOG and in healthy controls. In this instance, participants had to carefully observe a video of a man walking during a fMRI recording. Indeed, it is now established, that the observation of actions of the motor repertoire of the subject is able to activate the so-called MNS, a particular population of neurons which is working both while we perform, or we see an action. During data analysis of this work, we questioned about structural impairments in PD patients with and without FOG, focusing on gait-related areas. This question was thus elaborated in a consequent work present on this thesis. Finally, we added another interesting technique, with similar fundamentals to AO, that is MI. In fact, our aim was to understand if an EEG protocol based on visual MI was able to recruit gait-related networks: 16 healthy young subjects, 14 healthy elderly subjects, and 15 patients with PD were instructed to imagine walking, with eyes open, in different pictures showed on a laptop screen. Regarding healthy subjects, the images represented a usual walking condition and a ?complex? condition, which consisted in performing a MI of walking plus ?crossing? a hurdle positioned in the middle of the path. Our main interest was to highlight the differences in neural activations between usual and ?challenging? conditions. Regarding PD and healthy elderly, we were interested in the study of neural activations only related to the usual walking MI task. However, in general, the works reported in this thesis want to be a base for the construction of new and easy to manage rehabilitative programs for patients with Parkinson?s Disease.
The transformative value of liberating Mars
Creators: name: Haqq-Misra, Jacob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Humanity has the knowledge to solve its problems but lacks the moral insight to implement these ideas on a global scale. New moral insight can be obtained through transformative experiences that allow us to examine and refine our underlying preferences, and the eventual landing of humans on Mars will be of tremendous transformative value. Before such an event, I propose that we liberate Mars from any controlling interests of Earth and allow Martian settlements to develop into a second independent instance of human civilization. Such a designation is consistent with the Outer Space Treaty and allows Mars to serve as a test bed and point of comparison by which to learn new information about the phenomenon of civilization. Rather than develop Mars through a series of government and corporate colonies, let us steer the future by liberating Mars and embracing the concept of planetary citizenship.
description: Published in New Space