cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Causal inference taking into account unobserved confounding
Creators: name: Genbäck, Minna
name: de Luna, Xavier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Causal inference with observational data can be performed under an assumption of no unobserved confounders (unconfoundedness assumption). There is, however, seldom clear subject-matter or empirical evidence for such an assumption. We therefore develop uncertainty intervals for average causal effects based on outcome regression estimators and doubly robust estimators, which provide inference taking into account both sampling variability and uncertainty due to unobserved confounders. In contrast with sampling variation, uncertainty due unobserved confounding does not decrease with increasing sample size. The intervals introduced are obtained by deriving the bias of the estimators due to unobserved confounders. We are thus also able to contrast the size of the bias due to violation of the unconfoundedness assumption, with bias due to misspecification of the models used to explain potential outcomes. This is illustrated through numerical experiments where bias due to moderate unobserved confounding dominates misspecification bias for typical situations in terms of sample size and modeling assumptions. We also study the empirical coverage of the uncertainty intervals introduced and apply the results to a study of the effect of regular food intake on health. An R-package implementing the inference proposed is available.
description: Biometrics 2018
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 263.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 13.11.1999, 08:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1999

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
DBBRBF- Convalesce optimization for software defect prediction problem using hybrid distribution base balance instance selection and radial basis Function classifier
Creators: name: Panda, Mrutyunjaya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Software is becoming an indigenous part of human life with the rapid development of software engineering, demands the software to be most reliable. The reliability check can be done by efficient software testing methods using historical software prediction data for development of a quality software system. Machine Learning plays a vital role in optimizing the prediction of defect-prone modules in real life software for its effectiveness. The software defect prediction data has class imbalance problem with a low ratio of defective class to non-defective class, urges an efficient machine learning classification technique which otherwise degrades the performance of the classification. To alleviate this problem, this paper introduces a novel hybrid instance-based classification by combining distribution base balance based instance selection and radial basis function neural network classifier model (DBBRBF) to obtain the best prediction in comparison to the existing research. Class imbalanced data sets of NASA, Promise and Softlab were used for the experimental analysis. The experimental results in terms of Accuracy, F-measure, AUC, Recall, Precision, and Balance show the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Finally, Statistical significance tests are carried out to understand the suitability of the proposed model.
description: 32 pages, 24 Tables, 8 Figures,
A Weighted Randomized Sparse Kaczmarz Method for Solving Linear Systems
Creators: name: Zhang, Lu
name: Yuan, Ziyang
name: Wang, Hongxia
name: Zhang, Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65F10, 65K10

description: The randomized sparse Kaczmarz method, designed for seeking the sparse solutions of the linear systems $Ax=b$, selects the $i$-th projection hyperplane with likelihood proportional to $\|a_{i}\|_2^2$, where $a_{i}^T$ is $i$-th row of $A$. In this work, we propose a weighted randomized sparse Kaczmarz method, which selects the $i$-th projection hyperplane with probability proportional to $\lvert\langle a_{i},x_{k}\rangle-b_{i}\rvert^p$, where $0
description: Dr. Lionel N. Tondji kindly reminded us that their 2021 conference paper shares some similarity with ours. We feel very sorry that we had not noticed their work before we submitted our paper. Here, we claim that the method was independently proposed by both of us. Moreover, we also consider an exact step-size version and the effect of the weighted parameter with detailed theory
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 241.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 06.10.1999, 08:00, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1999

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 140.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 13.06.1999, 08:00, erstellt von Andrea Manna
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1999

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 273.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 26.11.1999, 08:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1999

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Resistance to Clinical Combination Therapy in Acinetobacter baumannii
Creators: name: Delgado, Natasha
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: Nosocomial A. baumannii infections are a rising problem globally. Remarkable genome plasticity facilitates the rapid acquisition of resistance determinants and swift adaptation to new antibiotic therapies. Clinical A. baumannii frequently possess an impressively MDR phenotype, which can make it extremely difficult to treat with anything but our last line therapies. In the absence of new therapeutics, combination therapy has many advantages that make it extremely enticing for sustainably treating drug resistant A. baumannii. These include exploiting synergy, lowering dosages to minimise side effects, revitalising our existing drugs; and broadened antimicrobial targeting. Concerningly, despite its widespread application, very little is known about how resistance develops in response to combination therapy. One combination that is commonly used in Australian hospitals is trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole. The aim of this project was to identify genes involved in resistance to this combination in two strains of A. baumannii; the reference strain ATCC 17978 and a clinical strain BAL062. Two complementary sequence-based approaches were employed; Directed Evolution and Transposon Directed Insertion Site Sequencing (TraDIS). These techniques identified a range expected resistance genes (e.g. RND efflux component and regulator genes) as well as some interesting novel resistance determinants.
Modal, Truly Counterfactual Communication with On-Chip Demonstration Proposal
Creators: name: Hance, Jonte
name: McCutcheon, Will
name: Yard, Patrick
name: Rarity, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formalize Salih et al's Counterfactual Communication Protocol (arXiv2018), which allows it not only to be used in with other modes than polarization, but also for interesting extensions (e.g. sending superpositions from Bob to Alice).
description: 2 pages, 1 figure. Conference paper, accepted for OSA QIM V
Bayesian Inference for Structural Vector Autoregressions Identified by Markov-Switching Heteroskedasticity
Creators: name: Lütkepohl, Helmut
name: Woźniak, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Econometrics (econ.EM)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: In this study, Bayesian inference is developed for structural vector autoregressive models in which the structural parameters are identified via Markov-switching heteroskedasticity. In such a model, restrictions that are just-identifying in the homoskedastic case, become over-identifying and can be tested. A set of parametric restrictions is derived under which the structural matrix is globally or partially identified and a Savage-Dickey density ratio is used to assess the validity of the identification conditions. The latter is facilitated by analytical derivations that make the computations fast and numerical standard errors small. As an empirical example, monetary models are compared using heteroskedasticity as an additional device for identification. The empirical results support models with money in the interest rate reaction function.
description: Keywords: Identification Through Heteroskedasticity, Bayesian Hypotheses Assessment, Markov-switching Models, Mixture Models, Regime Change
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 247.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 12.10.1999, 08:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1999

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Geometric presentations of Lie groups and their Dehn functions
Creators: name: Cornulier, Yves
name: Tessera, Romain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 17B70, 20F05, Secondary 08B25, 13N05, 17B56, 17B65, 19C09, 20F14, 20F69, 22D05, 22E15, 22E25, 57M07

description: We study the Dehn function of connected Lie groups. We show that this function is always exponential or polynomially bounded, according to the geometry of weights and of the 2-cohomology of their Lie algebras. Our work, which also addresses algebraic groups over local fields, uses and extends Abels' theory of multiamalgams of graded Lie algebras, in order to provide workable presentations of these groups.
description: 137 pages, a few figures. v1->v2: the paper has been thoroughly reorganized in order to be more readable. The numbering of theorems is therefore modified
How Does Big-data-related Technology Adoption Affect Listed Companies' Market Performance
Creators: name: Yijing Zhang
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2022

description: This paper investigates the effect of technology adoption on the performance of companies in China. We utilize text-mining techniques to extract information from the annual reports of Chinese A-share listed companies, and particularly, we construct measures of adoption of big data-related technologies based on the occurrences of big-data-related keywords. In conjunction with other company and provincial data, we explore the growth trend, determinants of big-data technology adoption, and the impact of big-data applications on the performance of companies and discuss the possible mechanism for achieving these effects. First, companies with lower tangible assets, higher GDP per capita, or more colleges in their regions are more likely to use big data technology. Second, instrumental variable regression with industry-fixed effects shows that the industry characteristics and nature of the company occasionally limit the positive effects of big data applications. Third, heterogeneity analysis suggests that Big data applications contribute to firm net profit more significantly in the financial and manufacturing industries, and non-state-owned companies.
Development of an Autochthonous Microbial Consortium for Enhanced Bioremediation of PAH-Contaminated Soil
Creators: name: Roszak, Marta
name: Jabłońska, Joanna
name: Stachurska, Xymena
name: Dubrowska, Kamila
name: Kajdanowicz, Justyna
name: Gołębiewska, Marta
name: Kiepas-Kokot, Anna
name: Osińska, Beata
name: Augustyniak, Adrian
name: Karakulska, Jolanta
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie
subject: applied microbiology
subject: autochthonic microorganisms
subject: bioremediation
subject: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
subject: soil pollution

description: The main objectives of this study were to isolate bacteria from soil chronically contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), develop an autochthonous microbial consortium, and evaluate its ability to degrade PAHs in their native contaminated soil. Strains with the best bioremediation potential were selected during the multi-stage isolation process. Moreover, to choose bacteria with the highest bioremediation potential, the presence of PAH-degrading genes (pahE) was confirmed and the following tests were performed: tolerance to heavy metals, antagonistic behavior, phytotoxicity, and antimicrobial susceptibility. In vitro degradation of hydrocarbons led to the reduction of the total PAH content by 93.5% after the first day of incubation and by 99.22% after the eighth day. Bioremediation experiment conducted in situ in the contaminated area resulted in the average reduction of the total PAH concentration by 33.3% after 5 months and by over 72% after 13 months, compared to the concentration recorded before the intervention. Therefore, this study implicates that the development of an autochthonous microbial consortium isolated from long-term PAH-contaminated soil has the potential to enhance the bioremediation process.
title: Jean Courtin: Die vergessene Höhle, 1998
Creators: name: Auler, Jost
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: Rezension zu: Jean Courtin: Die vergessene Höhle, 397 Seiten, 1 Farbkarte. Thorbecke Verlag. Sigmaringen 1998. ISBN 3-7995-9100-1
Semantic Factorization and Descent
Creators: name: Nunes, Fernando Lucatelli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18N10, 18Cxx, 18Dxx, 18A22, 18A30, 18A40, 18A25

description: Let $\mathbb{A}$ be a $2$-category with suitable opcomma objects and pushouts. We give a direct proof that, provided that the codensity monad of a morphism $p$ exists and is preserved by a suitable morphism, the factorization given by the lax descent object of the higher cokernel of $p$ is up to isomorphism the same as the semantic factorization of $p$, either one existing if the other does. The result can be seen as a counterpart account to the celebrated Bénabou-Roubaud theorem. This leads in particular to a monadicity theorem, since it characterizes monadicity via descent. It should be noted that all the conditions on the codensity monad of $p$ trivially hold whenever $p$ has a left adjoint and, hence, in this case, we find monadicity to be a $2$-dimensional exact condition on $p$, namely, to be an effective faithful morphism of the $2$-category $\mathbb{A} $.
description: Minor changes. 48 pages
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 117.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 16.05.1999, 09:30, erstellt von Andrea Manna
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1999

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
On Bianchi type VI$_0$ spacetimes with orthogonal perfect fluid matter
Creators: name: Groeniger, Hans Oude
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 83C75, 83C20, 83F05

description: We study the asymptotic behaviour of Bianchi type VI$_0$ spacetimes with orthogonal perfect fluid matter satisfying Einstein's equations. In particular, we prove a conjecture due to Wainwright about the initial singularity of such spacetimes. Using the expansion-normalized variables of Wainwright-Hsu, we demonstrate that for a generic solution the initial singularity is vacuum dominated, anisotropic and silent. In addition, by employing known results on Bianchi backgrounds, we obtain convergence results on the asymptotics of solutions to the Klein-Gordon equation on all backgrounds of this type, except for one specific case.
description: 19 pages, 1 figure
Another Christoffel--Darboux Formula for Multiple Orthogonal Polynomials of Mixed Type
Creators: name: Ariznabarreta, Gerardo
name: Manas, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 33C45, 42C05, 15A23, 37K10

description: An alternative expression for the Christoffel--Darboux formula for multiple orthogonal polynomials of mixed type is derived from the $LU$ factorization of the moment matrix of a given measure and two sets of weights. We use the action of the generalized Jacobi matrix $J$, also responsible for the recurrence relations, on the linear forms and their duals to obtain the result.
description: 9 pags. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1004.3916
Modeling Magnetically Channeled Winds in 3D: I. Isothermal Simulations of a Magnetic O Supergiant
Creators: name: Subramanian, Sethupathy
name: Balsara, Dinshaw S.
name: ud-Doula, Asif
name: Gagné, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present the first set of 3D magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations performed with the riemann geomesh code. We study the dynamics of the magnetically channeled winds of magnetic massive stars in full three dimensions using a code that is uniquely suited to spherical problems. Specifically, we perform isothermal simulations of a smooth wind on a rotating star with a tilted, initially dipolar field. We compare the mass-loss, angular momentum loss, and magnetospheric dynamics of a template star (with the properties that are reminiscent of the O4 supergiant ζ Pup) over a range of rotation rates, magnetic field strengths, and magnetic tilt angles. The simulations are run up to a quasi-steady state and the results are observed to be consistent with the existing literature, showing the episodic centrifugal breakout events of the mass outflow, confined by the magnetic field loops that form the closed magnetosphere of the star. The catalogued results provide perspective on how angular-momentum loss varies for different configurations of rotation rate, magnetic field strength, and large magnetic tilt angles. In agreement with previous 2D MHD studies, we find that high magnetic confinement reduces the overall mass-loss rate, and higher rotation increases the mass-loss rate. This and future studies will be used to estimate the angular-momentum evolution, spin-down time, and mass-loss evolution of magnetic massive stars as a function of magnetic field strength, rotation rate, and dipole tilt.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 31.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 06.02.1999, 08:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1999

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 2.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 189.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 05.08.1999, 09:00, erstellt von Michele Bianda
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1999

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
How Turing parasites expand the computational landscape of digital life
Creators: name: LF, Seoane
name: R, Solé
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Why are living systems complex? Why does the biosphere contain living beings with complexity features beyond those of the simplest replicators? What kind of evolutionary pressures result in more complex life forms? These are key questions that pervade the problem of how complexity arises in evolution. One particular way of tackling this is grounded in an algorithmic description of life: living organisms can be seen as systems that extract and process information from their surroundings in order to reduce uncertainty. Here we take this computational approach using a simple bit string model of coevolving agents and their parasites. While agents try to predict their worlds, parasites do the same with their hosts. The result of this process is that, in order to escape their parasites, the host agents expand their computational complexity despite the cost of maintaining it. This, in turn, is followed by increasingly complex parasitic counterparts. Such arms races display several qualitative phases, from monotonous to punctuated evolution or even ecological collapse. Our minimal model illustrates the relevance of parasites in providing an active mechanism for expanding living complexity beyond simple replicators, suggesting that parasitic agents are likely to be a major evolutionary driver for biological complexity.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures in main paper, supporting material not included
Markov Switching
Creators: name: Song, Yong
name: Woźniak, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Econometrics (econ.EM)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Markov switching models are a popular family of models that introduces time-variation in the parameters in the form of their state- or regime-specific values. Importantly, this time-variation is governed by a discrete-valued latent stochastic process with limited memory. More specifically, the current value of the state indicator is determined only by the value of the state indicator from the previous period, thus the Markov property, and the transition matrix. The latter characterizes the properties of the Markov process by determining with what probability each of the states can be visited next period, given the state in the current period. This setup decides on the two main advantages of the Markov switching models. Namely, the estimation of the probability of state occurrences in each of the sample periods by using filtering and smoothing methods and the estimation of the state-specific parameters. These two features open the possibility for improved interpretations of the parameters associated with specific regimes combined with the corresponding regime probabilities, as well as for improved forecasting performance based on persistent regimes and parameters characterizing them.
description: Keywords: Transition Probabilities, Exogenous Markov Switching, Infinite Hidden Markov Model, Endogenous Markov Switching, Markov Process, Finite Mixture Model, Change-point Model, Non-homogeneous Markov Switching, Time Series Analysis, Business Cycle Analysis
Anisotropic q-Gaussian velocity distributions in LambdaCDM halos
Creators: name: Silva, Leandro J. Beraldo e
name: Mamon, Gary A.
name: Duarte, Manuel
name: Wojtak, Radoslaw
name: Peirani, Sébastien
name: Boué, Gwenaël
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The velocity distribution function (VDF) of dark matter (DM) halos in $Λ$CDM dissipationless cosmological simulations, which must be non-separable in its radial and tangential components, is still poorly known. We present the first single-parameter, non-separable, anisotropic model for the VDF in $Λ$CDM halos, built from an isotropic $q$-Gaussian (Tsallis) VDF of the isotropic set of dimensionless spherical velocity components (after subtraction of streaming motions), normalized by the respective velocity dispersions. We test our VDF on 90 cluster-mass halos of a dissipationless cosmological simulation. Beyond the virial radius, $r_{\rm vir}$, our model VDF adequately reproduces that measured in the simulated halos, but no $q$-Gaussian model can adequately represent the VDF within $r_{\rm vir}$, as the speed distribution function is then flatter-topped than any $q$-Gaussian can allow. Nevertheless, our VDF fits significantly better the simulations than the commonly used Maxwellian (Gaussian) distribution, at virtually all radii within $5\,r_{\rm vir}$. Within 0.4 (1) $r_{\rm vir}$, the non-Gaussianity index $q$ is (roughly) linearly related to the slope of the density profile and also to the velocity anisotropy profile. We provide a parametrization of the modulation of $q$ with radius for both the median fits and the fit of the stacked halo. At radii of a few percent of $r_{\rm vir}$, corresponding to the Solar position in the Milky Way, our best-fit VDF, although fitting better the simulations than the Gaussian one, overproduces significantly the fraction of high velocity objects, indicating that one should not blindly use these $q$-Gaussian fits to make predictions on the direct detection rate of DM particles.
description: This version consolidates the published version and the Erratum (changes in red)
Tabla 3
Creators: name: Jácome, S. et al.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: sexo
procedencia
nivel de educación de la madre y del padre
nivel de actividad física
Test Fantástico, clasificación
Materias perdidas
Uso diario de internet
Dispone de internet
Autoestima

description:  Relación entre sexo y procedencia de universitarios de cuatro programas de salud de una universidad pública del suroccidente de Colombia, con variables de interés
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 218.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 04.09.1999, 16:00, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1999

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Robustifying DARTS by Eliminating Information Bypass Leakage via Explicit Sparse Regularization
Creators: name: Zhang, Jiuling
name: Ding, Zhiming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Differentiable architecture search (DARTS) is a promising end to end NAS method which directly optimizes the architecture parameters through general gradient descent. However, DARTS is brittle to the catastrophic failure incurred by the skip connection in the search space. Recent studies also cast doubt on the basic underlying hypotheses of DARTS which are argued to be inherently prone to the performance discrepancy between the continuous-relaxed supernet in the training phase and the discretized finalnet in the evaluation phase. We figure out that the robustness problem and the skepticism can both be explained by the information bypass leakage during the training of the supernet. This naturally highlights the vital role of the sparsity of architecture parameters in the training phase which has not been well developed in the past. We thus propose a novel sparse-regularized approximation and an efficient mixed-sparsity training scheme to robustify DARTS by eliminating the information bypass leakage. We subsequently conduct extensive experiments on multiple search spaces to demonstrate the effectiveness of our method.
description: Published as full paper on ICDM 2021
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 288.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 15.12.1999, 09:00, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1999

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 2.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
The Role of Asymptomatic Individuals in the COVID-19 Pandemic via Complex Networks
Creators: name: Stella, Leonardo
name: Martínez, Alejandro Pinel
name: Bauso, Dario
name: Colaneri, Patrizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Recent seroprevalence studies have tried to estimate the real number of asymptomatic cases affected by COVID-19. It is of paramount importance to understand the impact of these infections in order to prevent a second wave. This study aims to model the interactions in the population by means of a complex network and to shed some light on the effectiveness of localised control measures in Italy in relation to the school opening in mid-September. The formulation of an epidemiological predictive model is given: the advantage of using this model lies in that it discriminates between asymptomatic and symptomatic cases of COVID-19 as the interactions with these two categories of infected individuals are captured separately, allowing for a study on the impact of asymptomatic cases. This model is then extended to a structured nonhomogeneous version by means of the Watts-Strogatz complex network, which is adopted widely to model societal interactions as it holds the small world property. Finally, a case study on the situation in Italy is given: first the homogeneous model is used to compare the official data with the data of the recent seroprevalence study from Istat; second, in view of the return to school in mid-September, a study at regional level is conducted. The results of this study highlight the importance of coordinating the deployment of appropriate control measures that take into account the role of asymptomatic infections, especially in younger individuals, and inter-regional connectivity in Italy.
description: 38 pages, journal
Language for Description of Worlds
Creators: name: Dobrev, Dimiter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We will reduce the task of creating AI to the task of finding an appropriate language for description of the world. This will not be a programing language because programing languages describe only computable functions, while our language will describe a somewhat broader class of functions. Another specificity of this language will be that the description will consist of separate modules. This will enable us look for the description of the world automatically such that we discover it module after module. Our approach to the creation of this new language will be to start with a particular world and write the description of that particular world. The point is that the language which can describe this particular world will be appropriate for describing any world.
Delay on broadcast erasure channels under random linear combinations
Creators: name: Xie, Nan
name: Weber, Steven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider a transmitter broadcasting random linear combinations (over a field of size $d$) formed from a block of $c$ packets to a collection of $n$ receivers, where the channels between the transmitter and each receiver are independent erasure channels with reception probabilities $\mathbf{q} = (q_1,\ldots,q_n)$. We establish several properties of the random delay until all $n$ receivers have recovered all $c$ packets, denoted $Y_{n:n}^{(c)}$. First, we provide lower and upper bounds, exact expressions, and a recurrence for the moments of $Y_{n:n}^{(c)}$. Second, we study the delay per packet $Y_{n:n}^{(c)}/c$ as a function of $c$, including the asymptotic delay (as $c \to \infty$), and monotonicity (in $c$) properties of the delay per packet. Third, we employ extreme value theory to investigate $Y_{n:n}^{(c)}$ as a function of $n$ (as $n \to \infty$). Several results are new, some results are extensions of existing results, and some results are proofs of known results using new (probabilistic) proof techniques.
description: 31 pages, 8 figures, submitted on October 1, 2013 and accepted for publication on November 3, 2016 at IEEE Transactions on Information Theory. Preliminary version presented at ITA 2013. DOI: 10.1109/TIT.2016.2634007. Copyright transferred to IEEE. This is the last version uploaded by the authors prior to the IEEE proofing process
Two-cocycles give a full nonlinear parameterization of the simplest 3--3 relation
Creators: name: Korepanov, Igor G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15A75, 57Q99, 57R56

description: A parameterization of Grassmann-algebraic relations corresponding to the Pachner move 3--3 is proposed. In these relations, each 4-simplex is assigned a Grassmann weight depending on five anticommuting variables associated with its 3-faces. The weights are chosen to have the "simplest" form - a Grassmann--Gaussian exponent or its analogue (satisfying a similar system of differential equations). Our parameterization works for a Zariski open set of such relations, looks relevant from the algebraic-topological viewpoint, and reveals intriguing nonlinear relations between objects associated with simplices of different dimensions.
description: 25 pages. v3: the accepted version. The final publication is available at link.springer.com, see journal-ref and DOI here
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 34.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 10.02.1999, 08:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1999

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 277.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 30.11.1999, 08:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1999

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
The superconducting circuit companion -- an introduction with worked examples
Creators: name: Rasmussen, S. E.
name: Christensen, K. S.
name: Pedersen, S. P.
name: Kristensen, L. B.
name: Bækkegaard, T.
name: Loft, N. J. S.
name: Zinner, N. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This tutorial aims at giving an introductory treatment of the circuit analysis of superconducting qubits, i.e., two-level systems in superconducting circuits. It also touches upon couplings between such qubits and how microwave driving and these couplings can be used for single- and two-qubit gates, as well as how to include noise when calculating the dynamics of the system. We also discuss higher-dimensional superconducting qudits. The tutorial is intended for new researchers with limited or no experience with the field but should be accessible to anyone with a bachelor's degree in physics. The tutorial introduces the basic methods used in quantum circuit analysis, starting from a circuit diagram and ending with a quantized Hamiltonian, that may be truncated to the lowest levels. We provide examples of all the basic techniques throughout the discussion, while in the last part of the tutorial we discuss several of the most commonly used circuits for quantum-information applications. This includes both worked examples of single qubits and examples of how to analyze the coupling methods that allow multiqubit operations. In several detailed appendices, we provide the interested reader with an introduction to more advanced techniques for handling larger circuit designs.
description: Typo corrections
Physical-Layer Cryptography Through Massive MIMO
Creators: name: Dean, Thomas
name: Goldsmith, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose the new technique of physical-layer cryptography based on using a massive MIMO channel as a key between the sender and desired receiver, which need not be secret. The goal is for low-complexity encoding and decoding by the desired transmitter-receiver pair, whereas decoding by an eavesdropper is hard in terms of prohibitive complexity. The decoding complexity is analyzed by mapping the massive MIMO system to a lattice. We show that the eavesdropper's decoder for the MIMO system with M-PAM modulation is equivalent to solving standard lattice problems that are conjectured to be of exponential complexity for both classical and quantum computers. Hence, under the widely-held conjecture that standard lattice problems are hard to solve in the worst-case, the proposed encryption scheme has a more robust notion of security than that of the most common encryption methods used today such as RSA and Diffie-Hellman. Additionally, we show that this scheme could be used to securely communicate without a pre-shared secret and little computational overhead. Thus, by exploiting the physical layer properties of the radio channel, the massive MIMO system provides for low-complexity encryption commensurate with the most sophisticated forms of application-layer encryption that are currently known.
description: Submitted to IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
Generating Synthetic Datasets by Interpolating along Generalized Geodesics
Creators: name: Fan, Jiaojiao
name: Alvarez-Melis, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Data for pretraining machine learning models often consists of collections of heterogeneous datasets. Although training on their union is reasonable in agnostic settings, it might be suboptimal when the target domain -- where the model will ultimately be used -- is known in advance. In that case, one would ideally pretrain only on the dataset(s) most similar to the target one. Instead of limiting this choice to those datasets already present in the pretraining collection, here we explore extending this search to all datasets that can be synthesized as `combinations' of them. We define such combinations as multi-dataset interpolations, formalized through the notion of generalized geodesics from optimal transport (OT) theory. We compute these geodesics using a recent notion of distance between labeled datasets, and derive alternative interpolation schemes based on it: using either barycentric projections or optimal transport maps, the latter computed using recent neural OT methods. These methods are scalable, efficient, and -- notably -- can be used to interpolate even between datasets with distinct and unrelated label sets. Through various experiments in transfer learning in computer vision, we demonstrate this is a promising new approach for targeted on-demand dataset synthesis.