cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Creating a protective picture
Creators: name: Kerr, Noël M. (Noël Marie)
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: Rationale for the study: The philosophy behind the Charting-by-Exception (CBE) method of documentation remains a source of professional concern almost 30 years after its introduction. The literature lacks both qualitative and quantitative studies that address either staff nurse views of CBE, or the use of CBE data for clinical decision-making. Method: Classic Grounded Theory was used to explore the process Medical-Surgical nurses use in deciding whether to follow a CBE policy on a day-to-day, patient-by-patient basis. Approval of the Academy of Medical-Surgical Nurses (AMSN) Research Committee and the IRB at Rutgers University was obtained before the research began. Sixteen participants, recruited from the membership of AMSN were interviewed over the phone about their perspectives and experiences in using CBE to document clinical data. All participants were Registered nurses, worked as a staff nurse on an acute care, medical-surgical unit and used CBE. All interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. These data were managed using Atlas.ti and analyzed using the constant comparative method as described by Glaser. Results: The theory which emerged from the data is a three-step process which includes Coming to Terms with the Method, Being Responsible in Documentation andCreating a Protective Picture. Creating a Protective Picture is the Core category which explains how the participants resolved their main concern; Createdocumentation they believed would be protective of their patients, themselves and/or their employers. Conclusion: The findings provide insight into whatnurses consider responsible documentation practices and the decision-making process they use when documenting under a CBE policy with an exception-based electronic documentation system. Although documentation has historically been viewed by nurses as a task that takes time away from moreimportant duties, the documentation choices made by each of the participants in this study demonstrated a) many of the reasons why nurses value taking time torecord data with more detail than possible when following CBE policy and b) the value participants placed on the contribution nursing documentation makes to the provision of quality patient care.
Phytomyza solidaginophaga Sehgal
Creators: name: Eiseman, Charles S.
name: Lonsdale, Owen
name: Linden, John Van Der
name: Feldman, Tracy S.
name: Palmer, Michael W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Agromyzidae
Phytomyza
Phytomyza solidaginophaga

description: Phytomyza solidaginophaga Sehgal
Material examined. IOWA: Winneshiek Co., Decorah, Twin Springs Park, 24.v.2017, em.?, J. van der Linden, ex Solidago flexicaulis, # CSE4670, CNC1144022 (1♁).
Hosts. Asteraceae: Solidago caesia L., S. canadensis L., S. * flexicaulis L., S. patula Muhl. ex Willd., S. rugosa Mill., S. simplex Kunth (Eiseman & Lonsdale 2018); see Comments for other likely hosts.
Leaf mine. Greenish-white to greenish-brown, entirely linear, with frass in closely spaced grains, partly forming short beaded strips (Eiseman & Lonsdale 2018).
Puparium. Black; formed outside the mine.
Phenology and voltinism. This species is univoltine, overwintering as pupae, with larvae present only in spring. Although Alberta collection dates range from 7 to 13 June (Griffiths 1976), larvae have only been found from 11 to 24 May in the USA (Eiseman & Lonsdale 2018).
Distribution. USA: CO (Winkler et al. 2009), *IA, MA; Canada: AB, [YT] (Eiseman & Lonsdale 2018).
Comments. Given that the latest recorded date for larvae of Phytomyza solidaginophaga in the USA (24 May) is more than two weeks before the earliest recorded date for P. astotinensis (9 June; this paper), we believe mines found in Massachusetts on two additional hosts likely represent P. solidaginophaga: occupied mines on Solidago gigantea Aiton between 18 and 22 May, and a mine on S. arguta Aiton containing a dead larva on 25 May. An occupied mine on S. speciosa Nutt. photographed on 31 May in Wisconsin (Klein 2019) may also represent P. solidaginophaga.
description: Published as part of Eiseman, Charles S., Lonsdale, Owen, Linden, John Van Der, Feldman, Tracy S. & Palmer, Michael W., 2021, Thirteen new species of Agromyzidae (Diptera) from the United States, with new host and distribution records for 32 additional species, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 4931 (1) on pages 37-38, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4931.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4545337
Goniocheton tonkinensis Holzmeyer & Hauenschild 2021, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Holzmeyer, Laura
name: Hauenschild, Frank
name: Mabberley, David J.
name: Muellner-Riehl, Alexandra N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Sapindales
Meliaceae
Goniocheton
Goniocheton tonkinensis

description: 3. Goniocheton tonkinensis (Pellegr.) Holzmeyer & Hauenschild, comb. nov.
≡ Dysoxylum tonkinense A.Chev. ex Pellegr. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 91: 178. 1945 – Holotype: Vietnam, Tonkin, “Province de Tuyen-Quanq, réserve forestière de Nui-là”, Fleury 37956 (P barcode P06743699!).
Distribution. – Vietnam.
description: Published as part of Holzmeyer, Laura, Hauenschild, Frank, Mabberley, David J. & Muellner-Riehl, Alexandra N., 2021, Confirmed polyphyly, generic recircumscription and typification of Dysoxylum (Meliaceae), with revised disposition of currently accepted species, pp. 1248-1272 in TAXON 70 (6) on page 1265, DOI: 10.1002/tax.12591, http://zenodo.org/record/14047415
Lepophidium Gill 1895
Creators: name: Ebersole, Jun A.
name: Cicimurri, David J.
name: Stringer, Gary L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Ophidiiformes
Ophidiidae
Lepophidium

description: Genus Lepophidium Gill, 1895
Type species
Lepophidium profundorum Gill, 1895, Recent.
description: Published as part of Ebersole, Jun A., Cicimurri, David J. & Stringer, Gary L., 2019, Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of the elasmobranchs and bony fishes (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes) of the lower-to-middle Eocene (Ypresian to Bartonian) Claiborne Group in Alabama, USA, including an analysis of otoliths, pp. 1-274 in European Journal of Taxonomy 585 on page 201, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.585, http://zenodo.org/record/3660259
Phytomyza thermarum
Creators: name: Eiseman, Charles S.
name: Lonsdale, Owen
name: Linden, John Van Der
name: Feldman, Tracy S.
name: Palmer, Michael W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Agromyzidae
Phytomyza
Phytomyza thermarum

description: Phytomyza thermarum (Griffiths)
(Fig. 85)
Material examined. VERMONT: Windham Co., Marlboro, Hogback Mountain, 42.852158, -72.797828, 21.vi.2018, em. 4.vii.2018, C.S. Eiseman, ex Erigeron pulchellus, # CSE4720, CNC1135661 (1♁).
Hosts. Asteraceae: Erigeron philadelphicus L. (Griffiths 1976), E. * pulchellus Michx.
Larval mine. (Fig. 85) Partly in the stem, petiole, and basal part of the leaf midrib, with whitish linear channels radiating into the blade. These channels are mostly more or less full-depth but may be on the upper or lower surface. Frass is mostly in discrete grains (partly forming beaded strips in most mines according to Griffiths (1976)).
Puparium. White or yellowish-white, formed within the mine, either in the petiole or on the lower surface of the blade, with its anterior spiracles projecting ventrally through the epidermis (Griffiths 1976).
Phenology and voltinism. This species is evidently multivoltine in western Canada, with larvae collected in early June emerging as adults within two weeks, larvae and puparia collected in mid-July emerging as adults in late July and early August, and those collected in early September emerging as adults within a month (Griffiths 1976).
Distribution. * USA: VT; Canada: AB, BC (Griffiths 1976). Mines possibly representing this species have been found on Erigeron philadelphicus in PA (Schultz 2020).
description: Published as part of Eiseman, Charles S., Lonsdale, Owen, Linden, John Van Der, Feldman, Tracy S. & Palmer, Michael W., 2021, Thirteen new species of Agromyzidae (Diptera) from the United States, with new host and distribution records for 32 additional species, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 4931 (1) on page 38, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4931.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4545337
Goniocheton lenticellatus Mabb. 2021, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Holzmeyer, Laura
name: Hauenschild, Frank
name: Mabberley, David J.
name: Muellner-Riehl, Alexandra N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Sapindales
Meliaceae
Goniocheton
Goniocheton lenticellatus

description: 4. Goniocheton lenticellatus (C.Y.Wu) Mabb., comb. nov. ≡
Dysoxylum lenticellatum C.Y.Wu in Li, Fl. Yunnan. 1: 251. 1977 – Holotype: China, Xishuangbanna, Mengyang, Manzhang and Huiha, Yunnan team 5711 (KUN [over two sheets] barcodes 1207175 [image!] & 1207175 [image!]).
Distribution. – Myanmar, S China, N Thailand. A similartree (one individual) has been seen (by DJM in 1974 and 1981) growing in the arboretum at Forest Research Institute, Kepong, Selangor, Malaysia.
Note. – See also Peng & Mabberley (2008: 127).
description: Published as part of Holzmeyer, Laura, Hauenschild, Frank, Mabberley, David J. & Muellner-Riehl, Alexandra N., 2021, Confirmed polyphyly, generic recircumscription and typification of Dysoxylum (Meliaceae), with revised disposition of currently accepted species, pp. 1248-1272 in TAXON 70 (6) on page 1266, DOI: 10.1002/tax.12591, http://zenodo.org/record/14047415
Effect of secondhand smoke on pulmonary t cell recruitment
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: The role of tobacco smoke as a primary risk factor for chronic inflammatory lung disease in humans is well recognized. Although the mechanisms by which chemical constituents of tobacco smoke promote inflammatory processes is not well defined, accumulation of white blood cells (leukocytes) within airways is consistently observed in the lungs of smokers. Perpetuation of such an inflammatory response can disrupt lung function. Clinically, increased numbers of a specific inflammatory cell type, T lymphocytes, within the lung are a hallmark of chronic lung inflammation. T lymphocytes play a central role in chronic inflammatory processes by responding to foreign matter (antigens). In order to accumulate within the airways, T lymphocytes must migrate across a barrier of surface-lining cells (i.e., lung epithelium). It is likely that the epithelium lining the large airways plays an important role in modulating inflammatory responses, as the cells of this location are first to encounter injurious agents and inhaled antigens. The objective of this project is to determine if environmental (second-hand) tobacco smoke can promote inflammation within the lung by enhancing airway epithelial cells to make proteins which attract T lymphocytes. There are two specific aims: (1) to study the effect of environmental tobacco smoke on lung proteins which attract T lymphocytes; and (2) to characterize the effect of environmental tobacco smoke on the specific type of T lymphocyte which accumulates within the lung. Although the health hazards of mainstream tobacco smoke are well known, epidemiological studies suggest that environmental tobacco smoke can also impact on the health of nonsmokers. Completion of the studies proposed in this application will define one potential mechanism by which environmental tobacco smoke may have a pro-inflammatory effect within the lung.
Lepophidium Gill 1895
Creators: name: Ebersole, Jun A.
name: Cicimurri, David J.
name: Stringer, Gary L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Ophidiiformes
Ophidiidae
Lepophidium

description: Lepophidium? mucronata (Koken, 1888)
Fig. 70 M–N
Otolithus (Gadidarum) mucronatus Koken, 1888: 290, 292, pl. 17, figs 10–11.
Otolithus (Gadidarum) mucronatus – Posthumus 1924: 13.
Bauzaia mucronata – Frizzell & Dante 1965: 712–713, pl. 86, figs 43–44.
“genus Lepophidiinorum ” mucronatus – Nolf 1980: 111. — Breard & Stringer 1999: 135. — Müller 1999: 111, pl. 26, figs 14–20. — Nolf 2003: 4, pl. 1, figs 11–13.
“ Lepophidiinus ” mucronatus – Nolf 2013: 65, pl. 125.
Material examined
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA – Alabama • 9 otoliths; GLS otolith comparative collection (6 specimens), MSC 39054, WSU CC 471.2, WSU CC 471.3.
Description
Sagittae primarily of oval shape, with prominent anterodorsal dome and sharply pointed posterior. Height/length ratios tending to 38–45%. Small, juvenile specimens exhibit very slight lobed margins; larger and adult specimens with smooth margins. Anterior margin fairly evenly rounded. Anterodorsal dome typically becoming more prominent on the larger specimens. Dorsal margin often slightly incurved between dome and posterodorsal slope. Posterodorsal slope straight and gentle. Posterior attenuated into well-developed tip or projection (except for very small specimens). Ventral margin broadly, nearly evenly rounded. Inner face smooth, only very slightly convex. Divided sulcus quite long, filled with colliculum, extending almost entire length of sagitta. Ostium usually about four times longer than cauda, widths approximately equal. Dorsal and ventral margins of ostium straight, parallel. Anterior portion of ostium rounded, almost touches anterior margin. Ostium separated from cauda by straight (sometimes slanted) incised line. Short cauda about same width as ostium, approximately rectangular in shape. Posterior of cauda rounded, almost touches the posterodorsal slope. Distinct crista superior, shallow but distinct, irregularly shaped depressed area above ostium. Ventral furrow absent to poorly developed. Outer face irregularly convex, commonly sculptured.
Remarks
Lepophidium? mucronata is known from several Eocene (Claibornian) localities in Texas and Louisiana. The type stratum and locality for the species is the Lisbon Formation at site AMo- 4 in Monroe County, Alabama.
Stratigraphic and geographic range in Alabama
This species was recovered from the “upper” Lisbon Formation at site ACh-8. Bartonian, zones NP16 and NP17.
description: Published as part of Ebersole, Jun A., Cicimurri, David J. & Stringer, Gary L., 2019, Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of the elasmobranchs and bony fishes (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes) of the lower-to-middle Eocene (Ypresian to Bartonian) Claiborne Group in Alabama, USA, including an analysis of otoliths, pp. 1-274 in European Journal of Taxonomy 585 on pages 201-202, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.585, http://zenodo.org/record/3660259
title: Application of the Method of Lines for Solutions of the Navier-Stokes Equations Using a Nonuniform Grid Distribution
Creators: name: Abolhassani, Jamshid Samareh
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1983

description: The feasibility of the method of lines is investigated for solutions of physical problems requiring nonuniform grid distributions. To attain this, it was also necessary to investigate the stiffness characteristics of the pertinent equations. For specific applications, the governing equations considered are those for viscous, incompressible, two-dimensional and axisymmetric flows. These equations are transform­ ed from the physical domain having a variable mesh to a computational domain with a uniform mesh. The two governing partial differential equations are the vorticity and stream function equations. The method of lines is used to solve the vorticity equation and the successive over relaxation technique is used to solve the stream function equation.

The method is applied to three laminar flow problems. These are: the flow in ducts, curved-wall diffusers, and a driven cavity. Results obtained for different flow conditions are in good agreement with available analytical and numerical solutions. The viability and validity of the method of lines are demonstrated by its application to Navier-Stokes equations in the physical domain having a variable mesh.
Prasoxylon M. Roem., Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr.
Creators: name: Holzmeyer, Laura
name: Hauenschild, Frank
name: Mabberley, David J.
name: Muellner-Riehl, Alexandra N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Sapindales
Meliaceae
Prasoxylon

description: V. Prasoxylon M.Roem., Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 1: 83, 101.1846
≡ Dysoxylum sect. Prasoxylon (M.Roem.) Miq. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 4: 9. 1868 ≡ Alliaria Rumpf ex Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 1: 108. 1891, nom. illeg., non Heister ex Fabr. 1759 (Cruciferae) – Type: Prasoxylon alliaceum (Blume) M.Roem.
Distribution. – Seven species (some of them very closely inter-related; see Mabberley, 1995b for detailed discussion) from Sri Lanka to China and the Solomon Is.
description: Published as part of Holzmeyer, Laura, Hauenschild, Frank, Mabberley, David J. & Muellner-Riehl, Alexandra N., 2021, Confirmed polyphyly, generic recircumscription and typification of Dysoxylum (Meliaceae), with revised disposition of currently accepted species, pp. 1248-1272 in TAXON 70 (6) on page 1266, DOI: 10.1002/tax.12591, http://zenodo.org/record/14047415
Prasoxylon alliaceum M. Roem., Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr.
Creators: name: Holzmeyer, Laura
name: Hauenschild, Frank
name: Mabberley, David J.
name: Muellner-Riehl, Alexandra N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Sapindales
Meliaceae
Prasoxylon
Prasoxylon alliaceum

description: 1. Prasoxylon alliaceum (Blume) M.Roem., Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr.: 101. 1846
≡ Guarea alliacea Blume in Flora 7: 290. 1824 ≡ Dysoxylum alliaceum (Blume) Blume ex A.Juss. in Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat. 19: 225. 1832 – Holotype: Indonesia, Java, Mt Salak, Blume “196” [acc. 903257765] (L barcode L 0058833!).
Distribution. – Andaman Is. and Peninsular Thailand toAustralia and Solomon Is.
Note. – See also Mabberley (2013a: 193, 2013b: 31).
description: Published as part of Holzmeyer, Laura, Hauenschild, Frank, Mabberley, David J. & Muellner-Riehl, Alexandra N., 2021, Confirmed polyphyly, generic recircumscription and typification of Dysoxylum (Meliaceae), with revised disposition of currently accepted species, pp. 1248-1272 in TAXON 70 (6) on page 1266, DOI: 10.1002/tax.12591, http://zenodo.org/record/14047415
Smoke on bacterial interactions with airway epithelia
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: The goal of this research is to determine the cellular and molecular interactions among smoking and bacterial binding and cytotoxicity to lung airway epithelial cells. Imaging microscopy-based methods will be used to study the binding and toxic reactions of bacteria with epithelial cells, and the effects of tobacco smoke on these interactions. Preliminary data combined with work from other laboratories have indicated that a common airway bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa is prevented from infecting the lungs because of the effective mechanisms for preventing bacterial access to the critical binding sites on the basal and lateral sides of the cells. It is proposed that tobacco smoke both reduces these airway defense mechanisms and opens the junctions holding the cells together and allows bacterial binding, infection and cell damage. Thus, smoking in combination with bacteria may initiate synergistic interactions leading to tissue damage characteristic of bronchitis and emphysema. Because bacterial binding appears also to activate specific cell regulatory pathways that may lead to inappropriate gene activation, these interactions among smoking, bacteria and the airway epithelial cells may be crucial for initiating lung cancer. The experiments proposed here will provide insights into the interactions that occur at the cellular and molecular level between the bacteria and the epithelial cells in the normal state and during both short and long term exposure to tobacco smoke. It is hoped that this information will provide information relevant to preventing these early, smoking-induced changes in epithelial cell functions.
The shifting organizational strategies of police departments implementing brokenwindows policing
Creators: name: Jenkins, Michael Joseph
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: Police departments are salient governmental organizations in the lives of many United States citizens. Police officers, empowered with the authority of the government, serve as the front line and first responders to a range of citizen problems (from settling family disputes to apprehending murder suspects). Police departments in the United States have employed various strategies to respond to shifting political, cultural, and social tides, with the current strategy being community problem-solving (hereafter, CPS). The broken windows theory has been highly influential in effecting and understanding the current strategy. This dissertation studies the contextual elements of howdepartments’ organizational strategies adapt to a particular theory (i.e., broken windows), how personnel in these departments view the impact of a shifting organizational strategy on policing, and the conditions that inhibit and facilitate a CPS strategy. This study follows the multiple-case study approach and relies on both qualitative and quantitative data gathered from in-depth interviews, personal observation, surveysand archives (e.g., chief’s bulletins, memoranda of understandings, newspaper articles, annual reports, and action plans); reports on and interprets the perspectives of key police personnel as they relate to the shifting organizational strategy; and explains key police personnel’s understandings of the effects of broken windows policing on their work. The sample consists of three urban police departments (Boston, Milwaukee and Newark). Following purposive and convenient sampling methods, the departments werechosen based on knowledge of their experiences with implementing broken windows policing as part of a wider departmental move towards CPS policing and on a reasonable expectation of access to department personnel and data. Research findings explain the role of police executive leadership in implementingthe CPS strategy, clarify the nebulous concepts of CPS and broken windows policing and offer suggestions for a more efficient and honest implementation of the strategy and tactic. This research goes beyond police departments’ stated objectives and explores theactual changes they make to accommodate the current era of policing. Understanding police personnel’s interpretations (and police departments’ implementations) of broken windows policing advances our understanding of a pertinent part of the CPS strategy.
The Basel Capital  Adequacy Accords and the governance of global finance
Creators: name: Herman, Daniel Louis
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: What is the net contribution of the Basel Accords to the governance of global finance? The methodology used in this dissertation for assessing the costs and benefits of the Basel Process is the comparison of intended consequences and unintended consequences. Intended consequences are in the public interest and regarded as benefits. The unintended consequences are the side effects of those regulations which, it is assumed, no regulator would have deliberately selected or favored. They are the costs of the Basel Process. The major unintended consequence discussed in this dissertation is the accumulation of over-leveraged and undercapitalized financial risks outside the banking supervisory framework of the Basel Accords. The conclusion of this dissertation is that while the Accords have contributed to the stability of the international banking system, they have also given market participants the incentive to evade regulations and create financial risks in the “shadow banking system.” The Basel Accords, in short, indirectly contributed to the Panic of 2008 and the Global Financial Crisis. Therefore, the costs of the Basel Process have outweighed its benefits.
Police organizational change in a post-September 11 environment
Creators: name: Grillo, Michele
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: The September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks have forever changed the landscape of policing in the United States. Federal legislation, such as the USA PATRIOT Act and the National Strategy for Homeland Security (2002 & 2007), has had a profound impact on all levels of law enforcement. Specifically, local police agencies are now sharing responsibilities in the mission of preventing and detecting terrorist activities. The responsibilities to participate in terrorism investigations and respond to potential terrorism-related service calls have changed fundamentally the day-to-day functioning of local police. However, the federal government provides little direction as to how local law enforcement should accomplish this mission. Little information is available regarding how local law enforcement agencies are responding to the continued threat of terrorism. In addition, there is a lack of systematic research investigating whether the events of September 11 prompted organizational changes in local police departments to accommodate a counterterrorism mission. Therefore, it is not clear how local agencies are adapting to this new demand Using a qualitative methodology, this study explores the post-September 11 response experience of local police agencies in the United States through open-ended,semi-structured telephone interviews. The study included a national, non-probability, purposive sample of twenty-one (N=21) local police agencies throughout the country. Interviewees were sworn officers who currently served or previously served in counterterrorism capacities within the police departments. The study’s findings indicate the majority (95%) of police agencies in this study (20 out of 21) displayed a spectrum of organizational change. This ranged from changesat the operational strategy level to the implementation of new bureaus in support of counterterrorism objectives. The most frequent organizational change is the establishment of a specialized terrorism unit or the addition of homeland security functions into anexisting intelligence unit. There is also evidence that local agencies are moving toward an intelligence-led policing philosophy. The findings from the research have several important policy implications for both the federal government and local law enforcementagencies. Furthermore, this study functions as a source for future research regarding the effects of terrorism on local law enforcement.
Pathway from tranquility to violent radicalization
Creators: name: Eldivan, Ibrahim Sevki
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: Violent radicalization is considered to be the process of adopting an extremist belief system, including the willingness to use, support, or facilitate violence as a method to affect social change. This phenomenon poses an important and serious threat worldwide. Since the attacks on the US in 2001 and around the world, popular interest in understanding the "causes of violent radicalization" resulted in an increased awareness of its processes (Hegghammer, 2006). Not only concentrating on the root causes of violent radicalization, but distinguishing them from a more moderate and mainstream perspective becomes crucial for societies and countries as well. There are several models suggesting that there are various entry points, variables and personality types that influence violent radicalization. Although current scholarship on violent radicalization is replete with studies that adapt a one-size-fits-all approach, there is a paucity of research on the determinant factors that make the ordinary individual become involved in violent action or that enable disillusionment of the individuals to go to further stages resulting in a terrorist plot. This study aims to examine the violent radicalization process from a Muslim-dominated country‘s (Turkey) perspective and argues that the phases of the violent radicalization process should be considered in a different fashion or manner than that of the West. Such a perspective will help to identify the significant features of phenomenon – such as the impact of psychosocial variables, frustration, contemporary conflicts, discourses of the violent terrorist organizations - and plan successful and effective responses. Moreover, it claims that misunderstanding key verses of Islam inevitably push moderates and otherwise tranquil individuals to involve themselves with extremist and violent terrorist organizations like the Al-Qaeda. The primary focus of the study will be on ideology, training camps and psychosocial traits that shaped the violent radicalization of the individuals in Turkey. Additionally, misinterpretations of key religious verses and consequences will be discussed. This study will use the datasets from terrorist-suspects‘ (n= 128) court-collected testimonies, which were obtained after the 2003 Istanbul Bombings. The researcher will utilize discriminant analysis to determine: (1) which of the variables are useful in predicting involvement in a violent terrorist attack; (2) how these variables might be combined into a mathematical equation to predict the most likely outcome; and (3) the accuracy of the derived equation. Findings of the analysis, policy implications and suggestions for future studies will be proposed in conclusion.
An examination of a firm's use of a short term succession plan using an interim CEO to facilitate CEO turnover
Creators: name: DiSalvio, Joan
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: This study examines a firm’s use of a short term succession plan using an Interim Chief Executive Officer (ICEO) to facilitate CEO turnover. NYSE requirements and prior research support the use of permanent successors and the NYSE demands firms have a short term succession plan. The results of this study provide evidence on the costs and benefits of using an interim ICEO as part of a short term succession plan versus naming a permanent successor. I find that firms who replace a CEO using an interim CEO as part of a short term succession plan experience large negative abnormal returns at the departure announcement, whether the CEO departure is voluntary or involuntary. Subsequently, after an involuntary departure, I find the use of interim CEOs is associated with large positive abnormal returns at the announcement of the eventual permanent successor, whether that successor is an insider or outsider. The net effect (initial negative plus the subsequent positive reaction) associated with the use of an interim CEO who replaces a CEO who leaves involuntarily is ironically a less negative outcome than if a firm chooses an immediate successor. However, if the CEO departs voluntarily, the shareholders are heavily penalized when an interim CEO is used as part of a short term succession plan. This is contrary to prior CEO literature which finds no abnormal returns upon replacement of a departing CEO who leaves voluntarily. I find that firms use interim CEOs as part of a short term succession plan at a rate of 11% of all turnovers between 2000 and 2005. I find the mean tenure of an interim CEO, and duration of the short term succession plan, is 201 days, which could allow timely replacement and careful assessment of a replacement. I also describe the characteristics of interim CEOs and identify the governance characteristics of firms who use them.
title: School Meals Case Study: Morocco [Étude de cas sur l’alimentation scolaire: Maroc]
Creators: name: Mounssif, Abderrahim
name: Saidi, Abdelmajid
name: Sektaoui, Mahmoud
Publisher: name: London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Year: 2024

description: Cette étude de cas sur les repas scolaires fait partie d'une collection dirigée par la Communauté de Pratique « Bonnes Pratiques » du Consortium de Recherche pour la Santé et la Nutrition Scolaires. L’Étude de Cas sur l’alimentation scolaire au Maroc a pour objectif de documenter l'organisation, le financement et le suivi du programme national de repas scolaires à travers le pays. Les objectifs de cette étude de cas incluent la présentation d'une introduction au profil du pays, l'exposition de la conception et de la mise en œuvre des programmes de repas scolaires, la description de leurs processus de suivi et d'évaluation, ainsi que la mise en lumière des leçons apprises, des meilleures pratiques et des défis rencontrés. Cette étude de cas est rédigée sous forme de document de travail et peut être mise à jour pour refléter l'évolution des circonstances. La Communauté de Pratique « Bonnes Pratiques » soutient la production de preuves du Consortium de Recherche pour la Santé et la Nutrition Scolaires, la branche dédiée à la recherche de la Coalition pour l’alimentation scolaire. L'objectif du Consortium de Recherche est de mener des recherches indépendantes dans divers secteurs et de générer des preuves solides, convaincantes et exploitables concernant les avantages des programmes de repas scolaires afin d'informer la prise de décision basée sur des preuves en matière de politiques et de pratiques de santé et de nutrition scolaires.................................................................................................................................................................... This school meals case study forms part of a collection led by the Research Consortium for School Health and Nutrition’s "Good Examples" Community of Practice. The School Meals Case Study of Morocco serves to document how the national school meals programme is organized, funded, and monitored throughout the country. The objectives of this case study include presenting an introduction to the country profile, outlining the design and implementation of school feeding programmes, describing their monitoring and evaluation processes, and highlighting lessons learned, best practices, and challenges. This case study is written as a working paper, and can be updated to reflect evolving circumstances. The ‘Good Examples’ Community of Practice supports the evidence generation of the Research Consortium for School Health and Nutrition, the evidence-generating arm of the School Meals Coalition. The Research Consortium’s objective is to carry out independent research across diverse sectors and generate solid, compelling, and actionable evidence regarding the benefits of school food programs to inform evidence-based decision-making on school health and nutrition policies and practices.
A retroviral link to human tobacco-related lung cancer?
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Peripheral adenocarcinoma (PAC) and bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC) are forms of lung cancer whose cause is not completely known and whose link to either main stream tobacco smoking or second hand smoking not well understood. While certain types of lung cancer which are strongly linked to smoking like squamous cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma have shown an overall decrease in incidence during the past decade (due in part to smoking cessation programs), peripheral adenocarcinomas (PACs) and bronchioloalveolar lung cancers (BACs) have shown exponential increases. These increases have been observed equally in both smokers as well as non-smokers. These observations suggest that either different etiological factors exist (other than main stream or second hand smoke) that cause PACs and BACs or that different co-factors stimulate the harmful effects of main stream or second hand smoke and make them more potent in causing PAC/BAC. Some of the distinguishing features of PAC/BAC include its peripheral location in the lung, its association with scarring, its comparatively high female/male ratio, and its high incidence of occurring in multiple locations in the lung (especially BAC). Unlike other forms of lung cancer, PAC/BAC naturally occurs in cats and sheep, the latter disease of which is caused by a virus. In our initial studies, antibodies made to a protein of this virus were able to recognize a related protein in our human cases of PAC/PAC but not in other types of lung cancer nor in normal lung. More surprisingly, in our subsequent studies, the specific viral gene called gag which gives rise to this protein was found to be expressed in the same cases of human PAC/BAC.

 These findings raise several intriguing possibilities: 1) a virus causes or predisposes, along with smoking, to PAC/BAC in humans; 2) activation and expression of a viral gene which normally resides within our cells is an important step leading to PAC/BAC lung cancer; 3) this viral gene has nothing to do with the cause of lung cancer but is a marker of an important cellular pathway involved in lung cancer development. The present study will address each of these possibilities.
Prasoxylon hapalanthum Holzmeyer & Hauenschild & Mabberley & Muellner-Riehl 2021, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Holzmeyer, Laura
name: Hauenschild, Frank
name: Mabberley, David J.
name: Muellner-Riehl, Alexandra N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Sapindales
Meliaceae
Prasoxylon
Prasoxylon hapalanthum

description: 3. Prasoxylon hapalanthum (Harms) Holzmeyer & Mabb., comb. nov.
≡ Dysoxylum hapalanthum Harms in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 72: 193. 1942 – Holotype: Papua New Guinea, Schlechter 16827 (B†; isotypes: B barcodes B 10 0272225! & B 10 0272226!).
Distribution. – New Guinea.
Note. – See also Mabberley (1995b: 108).
description: Published as part of Holzmeyer, Laura, Hauenschild, Frank, Mabberley, David J. & Muellner-Riehl, Alexandra N., 2021, Confirmed polyphyly, generic recircumscription and typification of Dysoxylum (Meliaceae), with revised disposition of currently accepted species, pp. 1248-1272 in TAXON 70 (6) on page 1266, DOI: 10.1002/tax.12591, http://zenodo.org/record/14047415
Lepophidium ?lamberi Gill 1895
Creators: name: Ebersole, Jun A.
name: Cicimurri, David J.
name: Stringer, Gary L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Ophidiiformes
Ophidiidae
Lepophidium
Lepophidium ?lamberi

description: Lepophidium? lamberi Frizzell & Dante, 1965
Bauzaia lamberi Dante & Frizzell in Frizzell & Dante, 1965: 711, pl. 86, figs 27–28, 30–31, 41.
Bauzaia lamberi – Stringer & Breard 1997: 565.
“genus Lepophidiinorum ” lamberi – Müller 1999: 110. — Breard & Stringer 1999: 135. “ Lepophidiinus ” lamberi – Nolf 2013: 65, pl. 125.
Material examined
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA – Alabama • 5 otoliths; GLS otolith comparative collection (4 specimens); MSC 37059.9.
Description
Sagittae primarily oval in shape, with prominent anterodorsal dome, pointed posterior; height/length ratio between 60–68%. Adult specimens with smooth margins. Anterior margin short, somewhat truncated. Pronounced anterodorsal dome, nearly vertical, slopes markedly away from plane of inner face. Anterodorsal margin fairly straight, slants towards dorsal margin. Dorsal margin nearly straight. Posterodorsal slope fairly short, truncated by posterior margin. Posterior margin very short, consisting of pointed tip. Ventral margin broadly, nearly evenly, rounded. Inner face smooth, evenly convex. Prominent sulcus divided, quite long, filled with colliculum, extending almost to posterodorsal slope. Ostium approximately three times longer than cauda, not as wide as the cauda. Dorsal and ventral margins of ostium nearly straight, parallel. Anterior portion of ostium appears to open onto anterior margin. Ostium separated from cauda by straight (sometimes slanted), incised line. Cauda short, wider than ostium due to ventral margin of cauda being inflated. Posterior of cauda rounded, located near posterodorsal slope. Low, narrow crista superior extends length of sulcus. Ventral furrow visible on well-preserved specimens, located very near ventral margin. Outer face slightly concave, irregularly sculptured. Coarse to fine bosses often occur on lower half of outer face.
Remarks
This species is known from several Eocene (Claibornian) localities in Texas and Louisiana (Frizzell & Dante 1965; Stringer & Breard 1997), but our specimens represent the first records of the taxon in Alabama.
Stratigraphic and geographic range in Alabama
The four specimens were recovered from the “upper” Lisbon Formation at site ACh-7. Bartonian, zones NP16 and NP17.
description: Published as part of Ebersole, Jun A., Cicimurri, David J. & Stringer, Gary L., 2019, Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of the elasmobranchs and bony fishes (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes) of the lower-to-middle Eocene (Ypresian to Bartonian) Claiborne Group in Alabama, USA, including an analysis of otoliths, pp. 1-274 in European Journal of Taxonomy 585 on pages 202-203, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.585, http://zenodo.org/record/3660259
Co-regulator mechanisms in lung cancer
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Lung cancer is the most common lethal cancer in the United States, with smoking responsible for over 85% of all cases. The cause of smoking-induced lung cancer is thought to involve stepwise mutations in genes that promote and/or inhibit cancer growth. Many of these genes have been discovered, but others remain to be found and their function in the lung defined. Understanding the mechanisms involved in regulating proliferation and differentiation of bronchial epithelial cells is important for further understanding the causes, diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer.

 We have recently identified a new protein called LMO-4, a member of a family of proteins that participate in gene regulation. Proteins belonging to this group have been shown to cause leukemia. We were therefore intrigued to find that LMO-4 is highly abundant in bronchial epithelial cells when these cells are proliferating. In addition, we have found that LMO-4 can associate with another protein, Trip230, which has been shown to bind to the retinoblastoma protein. Abnormalities in the retinoblastoma protein, which normally inhibits cell proliferation, have been implicated in the progression of lung cancer. Our hypothesis is therefore that LMO-4 is involved in regulation of proliferation of lung epithelial cells in normal lung and in lung cancer.

 To test this hypothesis, we plan to carefully study where LMO-4 and Trip230 are expressed in the lung both during normal development and in cancers. We will characterize the LMO-4/Trip230 interaction in test tubes and determine whether these proteins can be found in association in lung cancer cells. Finally, we will test the effect of LMO-4 on proliferation and tumorigenic potential of lung cancer cells.

 With our work, we hope to gain new insights into how smoking causes lung cancer and define genes and proteins that could potentially lead to new ideas about treatment of smoking-induced lung cancer.
Momentum strategies, dividend policy, and asset pricing test
Creators: name: Chen, Hong-Yi
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: This dissertation includes three essays which investigate momentum strategies, dividendpolicy, and asset pricing test. The brief abstracts of these three essays are presented as follows. The first essay investigates the existence of revenue momentum strategy and the interrelationship among revenue, price, and earnings momentum strategies. Empiricalresults indicate that prior returns, earnings surprises and revenue surprises each carries some exclusive information content that is not fully priced by the market. This essay also finds that the market generally underestimates the joint information associated withprior returns, earnings surprises, and revenue surprises. This further leads to a profitablecombined momentum strategy, which exploits all three information and yields a monthly return as high as 1.57%. The second essay studies the theoretical and empirical issues of a firm’s dividend policy. This essay theoretically extends the proposition of DeAngelo and DeAngelo’s (2006) optimal payout policy in terms of the flexibility dividend hypothesis. Using data collected in the U.S. from 1969 to 2009, this essay investigates the impact of growth rate, systematic risk, and total risk on the optimal payout ratio in terms of the fixed-effectmodel. Results show that a company will reduce its payout when the growth rate increases for the consideration of flexibility, and a nonlinear relationship exists between the payout ratio and the risk. The theoretical model and empirical results can thereforebe used to identify whether flexibility or the free cash flow hypothesis should be used to determine the dividend policy. The third essay investigates how measurement errors associated to the market rateof return and estimated beta can affect the capital asset pricing model test. This essay further studies three errors-in-variables estimation models which include grouping method, instrumental variable method, and maximum likelihood method. Using U.S. individual stock and market index data during 1931 to 2009, this essay empirically examines various errors-in-variables estimation methods in testing capital asset pricingmodel. Empirical results support the role of the market beta in the capital asset pricing model after adjusted by errors-in-variables models.
Prasoxylon excelsum Mabb.
Creators: name: Holzmeyer, Laura
name: Hauenschild, Frank
name: Mabberley, David J.
name: Muellner-Riehl, Alexandra N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Sapindales
Meliaceae
Prasoxylon
Prasoxylon excelsum

description: 2. Prasoxylon excelsum (Spreng.) Mabb. (see above)
≡ Trichilia excelsa Spreng., Syst. Veg. 4(2): 252. 1827 ≡ Dysoxylum excelsum (Spreng.) Blume ex G.Don, Gen. Hist. 1: 683. 1831 – Holotype: Indonesia, Java, Bogor, Cianjur, Blume s.n. [acc. 903295149] (L barcode L 0058840!)
Distribution. – Sri Lanka and Nepal to Solomon Is.
Note. – See also Mabberley (1995a: 244, 2013a: 210).
description: Published as part of Holzmeyer, Laura, Hauenschild, Frank, Mabberley, David J. & Muellner-Riehl, Alexandra N., 2021, Confirmed polyphyly, generic recircumscription and typification of Dysoxylum (Meliaceae), with revised disposition of currently accepted species, pp. 1248-1272 in TAXON 70 (6) on page 1266, DOI: 10.1002/tax.12591, http://zenodo.org/record/14047415