cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Vegetation Responses to Climate Variability in the Northern Arid to Sub-Humid Zones of Sub-Saharan Africa
Creators: name: Rishmawi, Khaldoun
name: Prince, Stephen D.
name: Xue, Yongkang
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2016
Subjects: primary production
NPP
NDVI
land degradation
Sahel
rainfall
temperature
humidity
RUE

description: In water limited environments precipitation is often considered the key factor influencing vegetation growth and rates of development. However; other climate variables including temperature; humidity; the frequency and intensity of precipitation events are also known to affect productivity; either directly by changing photosynthesis and transpiration rates or indirectly by influencing water availability and plant physiology. The aim here is to quantify the spatiotemporal patterns of vegetation responses to precipitation and to additional; relevant; meteorological variables. First; an empirical; statistical analysis of the relationship between precipitation and the additional meteorological variables and a proxy of vegetation productivity (the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index; NDVI) is reported and; second; a process-oriented modeling approach to explore the hydrologic and biophysical mechanisms to which the significant empirical relationships might be attributed. The analysis was conducted in Sub-Saharan Africa; between 5 and 18°N; for a 25-year period 1982–2006; and used a new quasi-daily Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) dataset. The results suggest that vegetation; particularly in the wetter areas; does not always respond directly and proportionately to precipitation variation; either because of the non-linearity of soil moisture recharge in response to increases in precipitation; or because variations in temperature and humidity attenuate the vegetation responses to changes in water availability. We also find that productivity; independent of changes in total precipitation; is responsive to intra-annual precipitation variation. A significant consequence is that the degree of correlation of all the meteorological variables with productivity varies geographically; so no one formulation is adequate for the entire region. Put together; these results demonstrate that vegetation responses to meteorological variation are more complex than an equilibrium relationship between precipitation and productivity. In addition to their intrinsic interest; the findings have important implications for detection of anthropogenic dryland degradation (desertification); for which the effects of natural fluctuations in meteorological variables must be controlled in order to reveal non-meteorological; including anthropogenic; degradation.
Voxel-Based Spatial Filtering Method for Canopy Height Retrieval from Airborne Single-Photon Lidar
Creators: name: Tang, Hao
name: Swatantran, Anu
name: Barrett, Terence
name: DeCola, Phil
name: Dubayah, Ralph
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2016
Subjects: single photon lidar
canopy height
noise removal

description: Airborne single-photon lidar (SPL) is a new technology that holds considerable potential for forest structure and carbon monitoring at large spatial scales because it acquires 3D measurements of vegetation faster and more efficiently than conventional lidar instruments. However, SPL instruments use green wavelength (532 nm) lasers, which are sensitive to background solar noise, and therefore SPL point clouds require more elaborate noise filtering than other lidar instruments to determine canopy heights, particularly in daytime acquisitions. Histogram-based aggregation is a commonly used approach for removing noise from photon counting lidar data, but it reduces the resolution of the dataset. Here we present an alternate voxel-based spatial filtering method that filters noise points efficiently while largely preserving the spatial integrity of SPL data. We develop and test our algorithms on an experimental SPL dataset acquired over Garrett County in Maryland, USA. We then compare canopy attributes retrieved using our new algorithm with those obtained from the conventional histogram binning approach. Our results show that canopy heights derived using the new algorithm have a strong agreement with field-measured heights (r2 = 0.69, bias = 0.42 m, RMSE = 4.85 m) and discrete return lidar heights (r2 = 0.94, bias = 1.07 m, RMSE = 2.42 m). Results are consistently better than height accuracies from the histogram method (field data: r2 = 0.59, bias = 0.00 m, RMSE = 6.25 m; DRL: r2 = 0.78, bias = −0.06 m and RMSE = 4.88 m). Furthermore, we find that the spatial-filtering method retains fine-scale canopy structure detail and has lower errors over steep slopes. We therefore believe that automated spatial filtering algorithms such as the one presented here can support large-scale, canopy structure mapping from airborne SPL data.
Atmospheric drivers of Greenland surface melt revealed by self-organizing maps
Creators: name: Mioduszewski, J.
name: Rennermalm, A. K.
name: Hammann, A.
name: Tedesco, Marco
name: Noble, E. U.
name: Stroeve, J. C.
name: Mote, T. L.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Climatic changes
Synoptic climatology
Ice sheets
Atmospheric thermodynamics

description: Recent acceleration in surface melt on the Greenland ice sheet (GrIS) has occurred concurrently with a rapidly warming Arctic and has been connected to persistent, anomalous atmospheric circulation patterns over Greenland. To identify synoptic setups favoring enhanced GrIS surface melt and their decadal changes, we develop a summer Arctic synoptic climatology by employing self-organizing maps. These are applied to daily 500 hPa geopotential height fields obtained from the Modern Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications reanalysis, 1979–2014. Particular circulation regimes are related to meteorological conditions and GrIS surface melt estimated with outputs from the Modèle Atmosphérique Régional. Our results demonstrate that the largest positive melt anomalies occur in concert with positive height anomalies near Greenland associated with wind, temperature, and humidity patterns indicative of strong meridional transport of heat and moisture. We find an increased frequency in a 500 hPa ridge over Greenland coinciding with a 63% increase in GrIS melt between the 1979–1988 and 2005–2014 periods, with 75.0% of surface melt changes attributed to thermodynamics, 17% to dynamics, and 8.0% to a combination. We also confirm that the 2007–2012 time period has the largest dynamic forcing relative of any period but also demonstrate that increased surface energy fluxes, temperature, and moisture separate from dynamic changes contributed more to melt even during this period. This implies that GrIS surface melt is likely to continue to increase in response to an ever warmer future Arctic, regardless of future atmospheric circulation patterns.
Noninteraction of waves in two-dimensional conformal field theory
Creators: name: Tanimoto, Yoh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81T05, 81T40, 81U99

description: In higher dimensional quantum field theory, irreducible representations of the Poincare group are associated with particles. Their counterpart in two-dimensional massless models are "waves" introduced by Buchholz. In this paper we show that waves do not interact in two-dimensional Moebius covariant theories and in- and out-asymptotic fields coincide. We identify the set of the collision states of waves with the subspace generated by the chiral components of the Moebius covariant net from the vacuum. It is also shown that Bisognano-Wichmann property, dilation covariance and asymptotic completeness (with respect to waves) imply Moebius symmetry. Under natural assumptions, we observe that the maps which give asymptotic fields in Poincare covariant theory are conditional expectations between appropriate algebras. We show that a two-dimensional massless theory is asymptotically complete and noninteracting if and only if it is a chiral Moebius covariant theory.
description: 28 pages, no figure
Additional file 2 of Only two subscales of the Coping Strategies Questionnaire are culturally relevant for people with chronic low back pain in Nigerian Igbo populations: a cross-cultural adaptation and validation study
Creators: name: Igwesi-Chidobe, Chinonso Nwamaka
name: Sorinola, Isaac Olubunmi
name: Godfrey, Emma Louise
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Coping strategies questionnaire (original and adaptation).
Arctic cut-off high drives the poleward shift of a new Greenland melting record
Creators: name: Tedesco, Marco
name: Mote, T.
name: Fettweis, X.
name: Hanna, E.
name: Jeyaratnam, Jeyavinoth
name: Booth, J. F.
name: Datta, R.
name: Briggs, K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Atmospheric circulation
Cryosphere
Climatology
Ice sheets

description: Large-scale atmospheric circulation controls the mass and energy balance of the Greenland ice sheet through its impact on radiative budget, runoff and accumulation. Here, using reanalysis data and the outputs of a regional climate model, we show that the persistence of an exceptional atmospheric ridge, centred over the Arctic Ocean, was responsible for a poleward shift of runoff, albedo and surface temperature records over the Greenland during the summer of 2015. New records of monthly mean zonal winds at 500 hPa and of the maximum latitude of ridge peaks of the 5,700±50 m isohypse over the Arctic were associated with the formation and persistency of a cutoff high. The unprecedented (1948–2015) and sustained atmospheric conditions promoted enhanced runoff, increased the surface temperatures and decreased the albedo in northern Greenland, while inhibiting melting in the south, where new melting records were set over the past decade.
Ahksinakii, They Made Their Mark: Presencing a Kinship Worldview for All Beings
Creators: name: Bartlett, Stephanie Jane
Publisher: name: Werklund School of Education
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: kinship
subject: wayfinding
subject: land
subject: pedagogy
subject: Indigeneity
subject: COVID-19
subject: Education
subject: Education--Elementary
subject: Education--Art
subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: This inquiry is an ecological, pedagogical act of creation-research that shares two interconnected journeys: 1) the arts-based, land-based journey of children learning with na’a, Blackfoot for Mother Earth, alongside a Blackfoot Elder and 2) the journey of my own becoming as I walked a transformative pathway of learning to be a good ancestor as I learned with na’a, an Elder, and children. These journeys evolved over four years through local sites of inquiry and seek to respond to the question: What possibilities does a kinship worldview between humans, land, and more-than-humans offer for (re)imagining educational experiences for children, teachers, and others? This research inquires into a kinship worldview, Indigenously understood, and centres art and artmaking in various forms that includes artistic representations of children as well as my own making as a research process. Emerging from this creation-research are understandings about learning, an ancient kincentric wayfinding methodology, and a pedagogy of kinship. The presence of anthropology deepened my perspective on kinship, colonialism, nationalism, and cultures in Western schools. Eight years past the Truth and Reconciliation Commission TRC (2015a) calls to action, during the ongoing effects of colonialism in Canada, and with an urgency to respond to the climate crisis, this research contributes to (re)storying a transformative learning ethic that centres Indigeneity and kinship between all beings. This dissertation offers a pedagogical space where I began to understand how to notice and cultivate the presence of kinship and determine how a kinship worldview could evoke care for each other and Earth. The purpose of presencing kinship is also to extend and come to appreciate the notion of kin, human and more-than-human, in new ways so that we can extend our kin networks and work collectively to care for Earth and future generations. This research journey tracks the happenings and the practices within this kincentric space that offers possibilities to (re)imagine what kind of ancestors we want to be. The teachings of children, an Elder, more-than-human kin, and my own personal learning journey circle around throughout this piece, offering perspectives as an invitation to embody kincentric wayfinding.
Reducing pesticides without organic certification? Potentials and limits of an intermediate form of agricultural production
Creators: name: Koch, Marcus A.
name: Tosun, Jale
name: Kellermann, Laura
name: Marek, Charlene
name: Kiefer, Markus
name: Thiv, Mike
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: A growing number of farmers’ cooperatives cultivate crops without chemical pesticides, but also without organic certification. How does this intermediate form of agriculture between conventional and organic production function? What are the outcomes of this production form on cropland biodiversity? How does this model contribute to the transition toward more sustainable forms of agriculture? We address these research questions using the original data collected in the AgroBioDiv project from the farmers’ cooperative “KraichgauKorn” based in the German Federal State of Baden-Württemberg. This cooperative is a collection of conventional farmers, who refrain from pesticide use during the growing seasons for KraichgauKorn cereal grains. Our study finds higher levels of weed species biodiversity on KGK cereal fields compared to conventional fields, but lower levels of biodiversity than on organic fields. In addition, more endangered wild species monitored by the State of Baden-Württemberg were found on KGK fields than conventional fields, with organic fields exhibiting the highest presence of endangered flora. We conclude that such kinds of enterprises may indeed contribute substantially to a successful transformation towards sustainable agricultural systems.
Correlated multiplexity and connectivity of multiplex random networks
Creators: name: Lee, Kyu-Min
name: Kim, Jung Yeol
name: Cho, Won-kuk
name: Goh, K. -I.
name: Kim, I. -M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Nodes in a complex networked system often engage in more than one type of interactions among them; they form a multiplex network with multiple types of links. In real-world complex systems, a node's degree for one type of links and that for the other are not randomly distributed but correlated, which we term correlated multiplexity. In this paper we study a simple model of multiplex random networks and demonstrate that the correlated multiplexity can drastically affect the properties of giant component in the network. Specifically, when the degrees of a node for different interactions in a duplex Erdos-Renyi network are maximally correlated, the network contains the giant component for any nonzero link densities. In contrast, when the degrees of a node are maximally anti-correlated, the emergence of giant component is significantly delayed, yet the entire network becomes connected into a single component at a finite link density. We also discuss the mixing patterns and the cases with imperfect correlated multiplexity.
description: Revised version, 12 pages, 6 figures
Advancing Arctic coastal erosion measurement and monitoring through UAV-SfM, satellite imagery, and object-based image analysis
Creators: name: Clark, Andrew
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: UAV-SfM
subject: Arctic coasts
subject: coastal erosion
subject: object-based image analysis
subject: Remote Sensing
subject: Physical Geography

description: Arctic coasts are vast, representing 30-34% of Earth’s coastline and exhibit some of the highest rates of erosion in the World due to the presence of permafrost. Rates of erosion are expected to increase with warming air and water temperatures, reductions in Arctic sea ice extent and duration, sea level rise, and increased storm severity and frequency. Erosion of Arctic coasts can lead to rapid land loss threatening habitat, archaeologically significant sites, modern infrastructure, and communities. Rapid erosion and permafrost degradation also leads to the liberation of previously frozen sediment and organic carbon into the nearshore zone which affects marine ecosystems and contributes to ocean acidification. Further, the release of organic carbon from frozen sediment contribute to global greenhouse gas release which are not well understood nor included in current Earth System Models. This thesis focuses on the use of emerging technologies to further our understanding of Arctic coastal processes, specifically, volumetric erosion, and broad scale delineation of multiple shoreline proxies for monitoring and quantification of erosion. UAV-SfM provides aerial and DSM imagery at unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution that provides perspectives and quantitative measures that are unachievable using conventional methods and very high resolution satellite imagery enables broader scale multiple proxy analysis while image classifications derived from OBIA, or GEOBIA, provide opportunities to systematically create boundary features (i.e. shoreline proxies). Overall, this doctoral research develops and evaluates techniques that enhance our ability to make quantitative measures of Arctic coastal erosion, both planimetric and volumetric, that have implications locally, regionally, and globally.
Low Nitrogen Narrows down Phenotypic Diversity in Durum Wheat
Creators: name: Aga, Tesfaye Geleta
name: Abera, Fetien Abay
name: Abebe, Kebebew Assefa
name: Tufa, Tesfaye Balemi
name: Abeyo, Bekele Geleta
name: Ayana, Negash Geleta
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Breeding for nitrogen use efficiency has become the major global concern and priority to improve agricultural sustainability. In an attempt to quantify genetic variation and identify traits for optimum and low N environments, 200 durum wheat genotypes were evaluated at three locations in the central highlands of Ethiopia during the 2020 growing season. The experiments were arranged in alpha lattice design with two replications. The results revealed significant differences among genotypes for all studied traits under both N conditions, indicating ample opportunities for genetic improvement. All traits except days to heading and maturity, grain filling period and grain protein content were higher under optimum than under low N. High values of genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variations, broad sense heritability and genetic advance as percent of the mean were observed for number of fertile tillers and number of seed per spike (NSPS) under optimum, and spike length and NSPS under low N conditions. Cluster analysis classified the durum wheat genotypes into thirteen and eight clusters under optimum and low N, respectively. Principal component analysis detected five and four components which explained 81.29% and 73.63% of the total variations under optimum and N stress conditions, respectively. The present study confirmed the existence of wide genetic variability among the durum wheat genotypes under optimum and low N conditions; and low N lowers the level of diversity. Thus, our study paves the possibility for improvement of durum wheat genotypes through selection and hybridization for increased grain yield and adaptation to N stressed conditions.
Time inconsistent commercialization competitions
Creators: name: Zubchenko, Ganna
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Business innovation is a powerful source of productivity increase and economic growth. Lack of financing at commercialization stages of innovation development often dooms socially valuable innovations to failure. To address pre-commercialization market failure, public agencies assist entrepreneurs with financial resources through commercialization competition mechanisms. Public agencies administering commercialization competitions may have dual objectives. Ex ante, they aim to induce entrepreneurs to invest an efficient amount of resources, accounting for resource costs and the associated expected social benefits. Ex post, commercialization awards should be allocated so that the expected social welfare aggregated across all projects is maximized. This would likely entail maximizing the number of socially valuable projects which are successfully commercialized. The objective of this thesis is to demonstrate that the ex ante and ex post objectives of a public agency may be in conflict. The ex ante award allocation criteria announced when the competition is launched may differ from the ex post award criteria retained by the agency as private information. Thus, agency decision-making may be time inconsistent. To achieve this objective, first, a theoretical model of commercialization competition was developed based on a real-world prototype, New Ventures Competition, administered by the British Columbia Innovation Council. It demonstrates that the competition causes underinvestment on the entrepreneurs’ side and allows the agency to deviate from ex ante announced award allocation criteria. Second, since time inconsistency is related to competition fairness, an experiment was conducted to determine whether respondents trade the competition fairness for “greater social good”. It was established that when respondents are aware of both entrepreneurs’ financial contributions to projects and their financial need, and when they are put into situation where maximization of social welfare is in conflict with maintaining ethical values, respondents tend to deviate from an allocation decision based on ex ante announced criteria. Third, it was established that when respondents face a particularly strong ethical trade-off, the higher the grades they received on average in their last year at school, the less they tend to change their original rankings to assist in the commercialization of comparatively lower quality projects at the expense of competition fairness.
The cosmological constant filter without big bang singularity
Creators: name: Bauer, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the recently proposed cosmological constant (CC) filter mechanism based on modified gravity in the Palatini formalism, gravity in the radiation, matter and late-time de Sitter eras is insensitive to energy sources with the equation of state -1. This implies that finite vacuum energy shifts from phase transitions are filtered out, too. In this work we investigate the CC filter model at very early times. We find that the initial big bang singularity is replaced by a cosmic bounce, where the matter energy density and the curvature are finite. In a certain case this finiteness can be observed already on the algebraic level.
description: 11+3 pages, 6 figures, one reference added, accepted by Class. Quant. Grav
Determinants and Monitoring of Response to Disease-Modifying Therapy for Transthyretin Amyloidosis Cardiomyopathy: The ATTR-CM Therapy Study
Creators: name: Shahi, Karan
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: ATTR-CM
subject: Amyloidosis
subject: Heart Failure
subject: Cardiology
subject: Cardiomyopathy
subject: Transthyretin Amyloidosis
subject: Education--Health
subject: Education--Sciences
subject: Gerontology
subject: Medicine and Surgery

description: Transthyretin amyloidosis cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) is a heart muscle disease characterized by the accumulation of misfolded transthyretin proteins as amyloid plaques in the myocardial interstitium. In 2020, tafamidis, a medication inhibiting the misfolding of transthyretin, received Health Canada's approval for treating ATTR-CM. However, substantial knowledge gaps persist in delivering optimal care and understanding predictors of response to tafamidis therapy. Over the past few years, there have been significant advancements in the clinical care of ATTR-CM. Improved diagnostic and staging techniques have resulted in higher rates of diagnosis, even among older patients not previously considered for invasive evaluation. Notably, tafamidis is the most expensive cardiovascular medication approved, with a list price of approximately $200,000 per patient per year. While Health Canada has defined criteria for initiating tafamidis, these are directly based on enrolment criteria for the international ATTR-ACT trial and may not fully reflect the current ATTR-CM patient population in the community. This project aimed to determine baseline predictors of adverse events in ATTR-CM patients treated with disease-modifying therapy, providing insights into determinants of prognosis and how markers of disease burden are serially impacted by treatment. The study's findings contribute to the development of evidence-based recommendations for guiding ATTR-CM disease monitoring and establish goals of therapy. These recommendations, rooted in evidence, seek to optimize patient care by offering a structured framework for monitoring ATTR-CM. Conducted as a retrospective cohort study, this research included 145 ATTR-CM patients followed by the Cardiac Amyloidosis Clinic, at the Libin Cardiovascular Institute (UofC). The results presented in this thesis contribute to an evidence-based approach for determining and monitoring the response to tafamidis therapy in ATTR-CM patients. The study reveals multiple parameters across clinical, biochemical, and cardiac imaging domains as predictors of major adverse outcomes (all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality and hospitalization). Tafamidis proves effective in attenuating disease progression, and specific baseline parameters can be used to assess variations in treatment. Importantly, initiating treatment during the early stages of the disease is pivotal, underscoring the critical role of early diagnosis. This conclusion emphasizes the imperative nature of timely intervention and ongoing observation in managing patients with ATTR-CM.
Metolinus nabanhe Bordoni, 2013, nov.sp.
Creators: name: Bordoni, A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Metolinus
Metolinus nabanhe

description: Metolinus nabanhe nov.sp.
M a t e r i a l s t u d i e d: Holotype: Yunnan, Manfei, Nabanhe conv., Li & Tang 10.I.2004 (SNUC); paratype: same data, 1 (cB).
 D e s c r i p t i o n: Length of body about 5 mm; from anterior margin of head to posterior margin of elytra: 2,7 mm. Reddish brown dark; antennae and legs brown; yellowish tarsi. Very closely related to M. manfei nov.sp. from which differs for the following characters: body slender, head narrower, sub-rectangular, with sub-parallel sides; pronotum narrower; dorsal series of 5 and lateral series of more wide punctures; elytra with fine and sparse punctures, arranged in three series, one near the suture, one median and one lateral.
Posterior margin of the 6° visible abdominal tergite rounded; 6° visible abdominal sternite particularly long and narrow, posteriad emarginated (Fig. 43). Tergite and sternite of the male genital segment as in Figs 44-45. Aedeagus (Fig. 46) 1 mm long, ovoidal, narrow and elongated, with sub-rectangular distal plate and long, narrow parameres; inner sac with two long spines and a short, distal spine near the flagellum.
E t y m o l o g y: The specific epithet refers to the type locality, as a noun in apposition.
G e o g r a p h i c a l d i s t r i b u t i o n: The species is known only from the type locality, in Yunnan.
 N o t e: Also this species is related to the M. almorae -group (BORDONI 2002) by the external characters. The specimens are in poor conditions.
description: Published as part of Bordoni, A., 2013, New data on the Xantholinini from China. 24. New genus, new species and new records of the Shanghai Normal University collection (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) 244 ° contribution to the knowledge of the Staphylinidae, pp. 1745-1797 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 45 (2) on page 1754, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10273196
Effect of a cellulose decomposing bacterium, humic acid, and wheat straw on Cucurbita pepo L. growth and soil properties
Creators: name: Bello, Suleiman K.
name: AL-Solaimani, Samir G.
name: Abo-Elyousr, Kamal A. M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Due to the increasing need for food security across the world, it has become urgent to develop a combination of different agricultural inputs that can enhance higher crop productivity under plant growth limiting environment. Thus, the effects of a cellulose decomposing bacterium (Geobacillus stearothermophilus SSK-2018), humic acid, and wheat straw were evaluated on the growth of Cucurbita pepo L. (squash) under an arid land condition during a two-year (2020 and 2021) field trials. Laboratory analysis revealed that G. stearothermophilus SSK-2018 was a gram-positive bacterium capable of promoting plant growth by producing indole-3-acetic acid as well as enzymatic activities including cellulase, amylase, protease, gelatinase, and phosphatase. Consequently, the inoculation of SSK-2018 significantly increased (P ≤ 0.05) squash’s fresh stem, leaf, and root weights by 14.70%, 18.63% and 11.13%, respectively, compared to the uninoculated control. Humic acid significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased fresh stem, leaf, and root weights by 78.78%, 62.5% and 63.74%, respectively, compared to the control. Wheat straw also significantly increased (P ≤ 0.05) fresh stem, leaf, and root weights by 52.68%, 30.32% and 42.30%, respectively, compared to the control. Furthermore, the combinations of the treatments, including humic acid and straw, SSK-2018 and straw, and humic acid, SSK-2018 and straw, significantly increased the growth of squash. Soil properties including bulk density, moisture content, and basic cations were also significantly (P ≤ 0.05) improved by humic acid, SSK-2018 and wheat straw. This study suggests that like NPK, bio-organic treatments including SSK-2018, humic acid and straw, can equally improve plant’s fresh stem, leaf, and root weights as well as soil’s bulk density, moisture content, and basic cations (K+, Ca2+, Na+, and Mg2+). Therefore, the present study recommends the continuous use of bio-organic amendments to achieve a sustainable improvement in plant growth and soil properties under arid land conditions. However, the continuous use of soil bio-organic amendments should be regularly monitored for potential increase in greenhouse gas emissions that may be at par with that of N fertilizers.
The power spectrum from the angular distribution of galaxies in the CFHTLS-Wide fields at redshift ~0.7
Creators: name: Granett, B. R.
name: Guzzo, L.
name: Coupon, J.
name: Arnouts, S.
name: Hudelot, P.
name: Ilbert, O.
name: McCracken, H. J.
name: Mellier, Y.
name: Adami, C.
name: Bel, J.
name: Bolzonella, M.
name: Bottini, D.
name: Cappi, A.
name: Cucciati, O.
name: de la Torre, S.
name: Franzetti, P.
name: Fritz, A.
name: Garilli, B.
name: Iovino, A.
name: Krywult, J.
name: Brun, V. Le
name: Fevre, O. Le
name: Maccagni, D.
name: Malek, K.
name: Marulli, F.
name: Meneux, B.
name: Paioro, L.
name: Polletta, M.
name: Pollo, A.
name: Scodeggio, M.
name: Schlagenhaufer, H.
name: Tasca, L.
name: Tojeiro, R.
name: Vergani, D.
name: Zanichelli, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the real-space galaxy power spectrum on large scales at redshifts 0.5 to 1.2 using optical colour-selected samples from the CFHT Legacy Survey. With the redshift distributions measured with a preliminary ~14000 spectroscopic redshifts from the VIMOS Public Extragalactic Redshift Survey (VIPERS), we deproject the angular distribution and directly estimate the three-dimensional power spectrum. We use a maximum likelihood estimator that is optimal for a Gaussian random field giving well-defined window functions and error estimates. This measurement presents an initial look at the large-scale structure field probed by the VIPERS survey. We measure the galaxy bias of the VIPERS-like sample to be b_g=1.38 +- 0.05 (sigma_8=0.8) on scales k<0.2h/mpc averaged over 0.5
description: Minor changes to match journal version
Quantum walks: a comprehensive review
Creators: name: Venegas-Andraca, Salvador E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum walks, the quantum mechanical counterpart of classical random walks, is an advanced tool for building quantum algorithms that has been recently shown to constitute a universal model of quantum computation. Quantum walks is now a solid field of research of quantum computation full of exciting open problems for physicists, computer scientists, mathematicians and engineers. In this paper we review theoretical advances on the foundations of both discrete- and continuous-time quantum walks, together with the role that randomness plays in quantum walks, the connections between the mathematical models of coined discrete quantum walks and continuous quantum walks, the quantumness of quantum walks, a summary of papers published on discrete quantum walks and entanglement as well as a succinct review of experimental proposals and realizations of discrete-time quantum walks. Furthermore, we have reviewed several algorithms based on both discrete- and continuous-time quantum walks as well as a most important result: the computational universality of both continuous- and discrete- time quantum walks.
description: Paper accepted for publication in Quantum Information Processing Journal
Nonreciprocity in 2D Microwave Cavities Coupled to Rare Earth Doped Crystals
Creators: name: Zegray, Tyler
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Mechanics
subject: Microwave Engineering
subject: Rare-Earth Atoms
subject: Nonreciprocity
subject: Input-Output Theory
subject: Physics
subject: Physics--Theory
subject: Physics--Atomic

description: Nonreciprocity -- the change in transmission amplitudes under the exchange of source and detector -- is a useful property in both the classical and quantum world. This thesis builds the theory for a nonreciprocal microwave system using the quantum properties of rare earth doped crystals. These crystals are promising platforms for a variety of quantum research, such as transduction and memory, and it is possible that nonreciprocity could be useful in that research. We begin by developing the background knowledge of nonreciprocity, microwave cavities in quantum physics, and rare earth doped crystals necessary to build up this theory. Then, we tackle the theory of the system, showing how a dissipative interaction between a microwave cavity and a rare earth doped crystal leads to nonreciprocal transmission amplitudes. With the theory developed we turn to the experimental side. We see the design and procurement process for the specific kind of cross resonator used for the nonreciprocal system, and then the setup used to measure the transmission amplitudes in a dilution refrigerator. Finally, we see the preliminary results of these measurements and discuss next steps to improve the observed nonreciprocity.
Additional file 1 of Clinical prediction scores and early anticoagulation therapy for new-onset atrial fibrillation in critical illness: a post-hoc analysis
Creators: name: Sakuraya, Masaaki
name: Yoshida, Takuo
name: Sasabuchi, Yusuke
name: Yoshihiro, Shodai
name: Uchino, Shigehiko
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Medicine
Cancer
Science Policy
Hematology

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary information on the methods and further results
Annual Greenland accumulation rates (2009–2012) from airborne snow radar
Creators: name: Koenig, Lora S.
name: Ivanoff, Alvaro
name: Alexander, Patrick M.
name: MacGregor, Joseph A.
name: Fettweis, X.
name: Panzer, Ben
name: Paden, John D.
name: Forster, Richard R.
name: Das, Indrani
name: McConnell, Joseph R.
name: Tedesco, Marco
name: Leuschen, Carl
name: Gogineni, Prasad
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Ice sheets
Snow--Measurement
Glaciology
Cryosphere

description: Contemporary climate warming over the Arctic is accelerating mass loss from the Greenland Ice Sheet through increasing surface melt, emphasizing the need to closely monitor its surface mass balance in order to improve sea-level rise predictions. Snow accumulation is the largest component of the ice sheet's surface mass balance, but in situ observations thereof are inherently sparse and models are difficult to evaluate at large scales. Here, we quantify recent Greenland accumulation rates using ultra-wideband (2–6.5 GHz) airborne snow radar data collected as part of NASA's Operation IceBridge between 2009 and 2012. We use a semiautomated method to trace the observed radiostratigraphy and then derive annual net accumulation rates for 2009–2012. The uncertainty in these radar-derived accumulation rates is on average 14 %. A comparison of the radar-derived accumulation rates and contemporaneous ice cores shows that snow radar captures both the annual and long-term mean accumulation rate accurately. A comparison with outputs from a regional climate model (MAR) shows that this model matches radar-derived accumulation rates in the ice sheet interior but produces higher values over southeastern Greenland. Our results demonstrate that snow radar can efficiently and accurately map patterns of snow accumulation across an ice sheet and that it is valuable for evaluating the accuracy of surface mass balance models.
Genetic diversity of sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) genotypes based on agro-morphological and biochemical traits
Creators: name: Tolera, Belay
name: Gedebo, Andargachew
name: Tena, Esayas
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Virology

description: Knowledge of genetic diversity is essential for the effective planning of breeding experiments and successful development of an improved variety. Therefore, this study was aimed at assessing the genetic diversity of 196 sugarcane genotypes. The experiment was conducted in a parietal-balanced lattice design with two replications. Data on 13 agromorphological and five biochemical traits were collected and analyzed using both univariate and multivariate statistical methods. Cluster analysis grouped the entire sugarcane genotypes into five, two, and six distinct clusters, respectively, based on agro-morphological, and biochemical traits, and their combinations. The highest intercluster distances were found in clusters three and five from a study of agro-morphological traits and clusters four and five from a combination of agro-morphological, and biochemical traits. The highest intercluster distance values indicate the presence of substantial genetic variability between the genotypes of the pairing clusters, due to highly contrasting and complementing traits as demonstrated by cluster mean analysis, notably for cane and sugar yields. This suggests that cultivars with greater cane and sugar yields can be created by hybridization between the genotypes of the two divergent clusters. Cluster mean analysis based on agro-morphological and biochemical traits revealed that Cluster One genotypes have the highest average sugar yield, suggesting that these genotypes are ideal for selection and hybridization to enhance this particular trait. Generally, the evaluated genotypes have potential diversity in their agro-morphological and biochemical traits, which could be exploited. Additionally, a study of the molecular genetic diversity of these genotypes is required to complement the results of this study.
Metolinus notabilis Bordoni, 2013, nov.sp.
Creators: name: Bordoni, A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Metolinus
Metolinus notabilis

description: Metolinus notabilis nov.sp.
M a t e r i a l s t u d i e d: Holotype: Yunnan, Bengganglahu, Nabanhe conv., Li & Tang 15.I.2004 (SNUC); parateype: Yunnan, Nabanhe Prov., Nabanhe N. R., Bengganghari, Nanmugahe, 22.8.383N, 100.34.126E, Hu Jia-Yao & L. Tang 13.XI.2008, 1 (cB).
D e s c r i p t i o n: Length of body about 6,8 mm; from anterior margin of head to posterior margin of elytra: 3,1 mm. Head and pronotum black, elytra brown black with largely yellowish humeral angles; 1° visible abdominal segment black with posterior half and lateral margins reddish brown light (yellowish in the paratype); 2°-3° visible abdominal segments black with posterior half of lateral margins and posterior margin brown red light; subsequent segments black; antennae yellowish brown light; legs with brown coxa and yellowish very light femora and tarsi. Head sub-quadrangular, with subrectilinear sides and largely rounded posterior angles. Eyes medium-sized, a little protruding. Surface of head with transverse micro-striation and fine and very sparse puncturation. Pronotum sub-rectangular, a little dilated anteriorly, longer than head, anteriorly as wide as head, with scarcely sinuate sides. Surface shiny, dorsal series of 5 very fine punctures and lateral series of 4 fine punctures. Elytra large, very longer and wider than pronotum, dilated posteriad, with marked humeral angles. Surface with spaced series, composed by very fine and sparse punctures, arranged in three series, one near the suture, one median and one lateral. Abdomen with more or less polygonal micro-reticulation, and fine and sparse puncturation on the sides.
Male unknown.
 E t y m o l o g y: The specific epithet refers to the Latin notabilis- e (notable).
G e o g r a p h i c a l d i s t r i b u t i o n: The species is known only from the type localities, in Yunnan.
 N o t e: Also this species seems related to M. grandis -group (BORDONI 2002) but the particular colouration is different from that of the other known taxa.
description: Published as part of Bordoni, A., 2013, New data on the Xantholinini from China. 24. New genus, new species and new records of the Shanghai Normal University collection (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) 244 ° contribution to the knowledge of the Staphylinidae, pp. 1745-1797 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 45 (2) on page 1755, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10273196
Observing Lense-Thirring Precession in Tidal Disruption Flares
Creators: name: Stone, Nicholas
name: Loeb, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When a star is tidally disrupted by a supermassive black hole (SMBH), the streams of liberated gas form an accretion disk after their return to pericenter. We demonstrate that Lense-Thirring precession in the spacetime around a rotating SMBH can produce significant time evolution of the disk angular momentum vector, due to both the periodic precession of the disk and the nonperiodic, differential precession of the bound debris streams. Jet precession and periodic modulation of disk luminosity are possible consequences. The persistence of the jetted X-ray emission in the Swift J164449.3+573451 flare suggests that the jet axis was aligned with the spin axis of the SMBH during this event.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters. Minor changes made to match proofs
Integrated Data-Driven and Physics-Based Techniques for Improved/Enhanced Huff and Puff Gas Injection in Multiporosity Shale Oil Reservoirs
Creators: name: Aranguren-Silva, Cristhian Fernando
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Data-drive
subject: machine learning
subject: oil and gas
subject: Engineering--Petroleum

description: I anticipate that the revolution of data analytics in the oil and gas industry will have a profound global impact. By employing a high volume of collected data and computational power, my goal is to contribute to reservoir engineering practices in a more efficient and optimal way. This thesis presents innovative research in the field of shale reservoir management, with a primary focus on neural network applications encompassing reservoir characterization, production forecasting, surrogate modeling, and improve/enhanced oil recovery optimization while honoring physics-based reservoir data. To achieve my goal: 1. I present a novel integration of machine learning (ML) and petrophysical analysis through the development of a hybrid data-driven technique for reservoir characterization. This approach utilizes a hybrid ML model to calculate brittleness indices in shale reservoirs based on mineralogical data and well logs. The hybrid model employs a modified Pickett plot to identify oil-saturated brittle sweet spots amenable to successful hydraulic fracturing. 2. I develop a novel Sequence-to-Sequence (Seq2Seq) Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model for oil production forecasting. I compare results with traditional reservoir engineering techniques. The model, based on natural language processing techniques, accurately predicts future oil production rates by analyzing historical data sequences at daily intervals. 3. I optimize huff and puff (H-n-P) gas injection in shale reservoirs, using an innovative approach that integrates sequence-based proxy reservoir simulation with customized deep reinforcement learning (DRL). This strategy significantly reduces simulation time while facilitating decision-making during H-n-P gas injection projects. 4. I demonstrate that DRL can be used for other applications such as optimizing numerical tuning while simultaneously performing numerical simulation. Similarly, I use DRL for water flood optimization. I use data of the Eagle Ford Shale in Texas to demonstrate points 1, 2 and 3. I use parallel computing to demonstrate the applications of point 4. I conclude that methods employed in this thesis, which integrate physics-based and data-driven techniques, provide effective and innovative alternatives for reservoir management. These approaches leverage the power of the universal approximation theorem, demonstrating that neural networks can approximate any continuous function, enhancing thus the capabilities of reservoir management.