cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Brane Webs and Magnetic Quivers for SQCD
Creators: name: Bourget, Antoine
name: Cabrera, Santiago
name: Grimminger, Julius F.
name: Hanany, Amihay
name: Zhong, Zhenghao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is widely considered that the classical Higgs branch of 4d $\mathcal{N}=2$ SQCD is a well understood object. However there is no satisfactory understanding of its structure. There are two complications: (1) the Higgs branch chiral ring contains nilpotent elements, as can easily be checked in the case of $\mathrm{SU}(N)$ with 1 flavour. (2) the Higgs branch as a geometric space can in general be decomposed into two cones with nontrivial intersection, the baryonic and mesonic branches. To study the second point in detail we use the recently developed tool of magnetic quivers for five-brane webs, using the fact that the classical Higgs branch for theories with 8 supercharges does not change through dimensional reduction. We compare this approach with the computation of the hyper-Kähler quotient using Hilbert series techniques, finding perfect agreement if nilpotent operators are eliminated by the computation of a so called radical. We study the nature of the nilpotent operators and give conjectures for the Hilbert series of the full Higgs branch, giving new insights into the vacuum structure of 4d $\mathcal{N}=2$ SQCD. In addition we demonstrate the power of the magnetic quiver technique, as it allows us to identify the decomposition into cones, and provides us with the global symmetries of the theory, as a simple alternative to the techniques that were used to date.
description: two figures added
Nonperturbative hyperfine contribution to the $b_1$ and $h_1$ meson masses
Creators: name: Badalian, A. M.
name: Bakker, B. L. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Due to the nonperturbative contribution to the hyperfine splitting the mass of the $n^1P_1$ state is strongly correlated with the center of gravity $M_{\rm cog}(n^3P_J)$ of the $n^3P_J$ multiplet: $M(n^1P_1)$ is less than $M_{\rm cog}(n^3P_J)$ by about 40 MeV (20 MeV) for the 1P (2P) state. For $b_1(1235)$ the agreement with experiment is reached only if $a_0(980)$ belongs to the $1^3P_J$ multiplet. The predicted mass of $b_1(2^1P_1)$ is $\approx 1620$ MeV. For the isoscalar meson a correlation between the mass of $h_1$(1170) $(h_1(1380))$ and $M_{cog}(1^3P_J)$ composed from light (strange) quarks also takes place.
description: 22 pages RevTeX
Proposals for low-carbon agriculture production strategies between 2020 and 2030 in Hungary
Creators: name: Fogarassy, Csaba
name: Nabradi, Andras
name: Fogarassy, Csaba
name: Nabradi, Andras
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: cost benefit
subject: analysis
subject: low-carbon
subject: emission reduction
subject: green innovation
subject: EU climate policy

description: When viewed from the perspective of climate policy, agriculture as a separate sector is one of the most difficult development areas to assess. One of the reasons for this is the problem of the localization of greenhouse gas emitters, caused by the fact that production takes place in small or dispersed production units. The special circumstance that unit production takes place in complex interactive systems (food, feed, energy sources, main products, by-products, etc.) is yet another special factor, which in addition makes it significantly more difficult to measure and identify the GHGs they emit than if they were a uniform production plant. Additionally, there are few sectors outside agriculture where decision-makers encounter such strong opposition and lobby interests when developing limiting regulations. This stems from the fact that following World War II, European decision-makers and the Common Agricultural Policy elevated agriculture to a prominent role whose importance was indisputable. As a result, both climate policy and other measures that would result in any reduction of the priority of the sector are very difficult to implement, since the players involved always reason that limitations would restrict their competiveness and the security of their production. In addition, the uncertain nature of regulatory elements also poses a grave problem. As an example, the name of the sector itself – the LULUCF (Land Use, Land Use Change and Forestry) sector – shows that the strategy for reducing the greenhouse gasses emitted by the whole sector would be significantly different if these units were treated separately (agricultural land use, forest, not-cultivated areas). Taking the above into account, the present study aims to identify development directions that in turn allow those low-carbon development directions to be pinpointed within animal husbandry and plant production that have the greatest feasibility and can contribute to decreasing the GHG environmental load exerted by agriculture.
Leucothoe bidens Hirayama 1985
Creators: name: White, Kristine N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Ericales
Ericaceae
Leucothoe
Leucothoe bidens

description: Leucothoe bidens Hirayama, 1985c
 Leucothoe bidens Hirayama, 1985c: 174–176, fig. 170.
 Leucothoe incisa Nagata, 1965a: 157,158, fig. 8 (not Leucothoe incisa Robertson, 1893: 217).
 Type locality and specimens. Tomioka Bay, Japan. Holotype, female, 4.5 mm, AMBL –Amph. 82.
 Material examined. No material available for examination. Diagnosis based on description by Hirayama (1985).
 Diagnosis (female). Separate eye facet anterior to the eye. Maxilla 1 palp articulation obscure. Maxilla 2 inner plate with facial setae. Coxae 3–7 with facial setae. Gnathopods 1 and 2 bases with setose posterior margins. Pereopods 5–6 bases with facial setae. Epimeron 3 posteroventral corner sinuous with bi-dentate cusp.
 Note. Hirayama synonymizes Leucothoe incisa Nagata, 1965 with this species, but the Nagata’s description is vague without illustrations and needs to be examined before confirmed as Leucothoe bidens.
 Male (sexually dimorphic characters). Unknown.
 Habitat. Among mud and Zostera Linnaeus, 1753; 4 m
 Host. Unknown.
 Distribution. East China Sea: West Kyushu, Tomioka Bay, Japan (Hirayama 1985). Seto Inland Sea: Japan (Nagata 1965a).
description: Published as part of White, Kristine N., 2011, A taxonomic review of the Leucothoidae (Crustacea: Amphipoda) 3078, pp. 1-113 in Zootaxa 3078 (1) on page 45, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3078.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5243821
Dimensional interpolation and the Selberg integral
Creators: name: Golyshev, V.
name: van Straten, D.
name: Zagier, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a version of dimensional interpolation for the Riemann--Roch--Hirzebruch formalism in the case of a grassmannian leads to an expression for the Euler characteristic of line bundles in terms of a Selberg integral. We propose a way to interpolate higher Bessel equations, their wedge powers, and monodromies thereof to non--integer orders, and link the result with the dimensional interpolation of the RRH formalism in the spirit of the gamma conjectures.
Effectiveness of Rewordify in a Receptive Skill: Implication in Reading Comprehension in EFL A2 Ecuadorian Learners in Tertiary Education Level
Creators: name: Morales, Silvia
name: Mora, Julio
name: Alvarez, Marta
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: Education

description: Reading comprehension is necessary to ensure success in different areas; it is the main reason to identify instruments which allow learners to develop this skill. The current study was performed with adult EFL Ecuadorian learners from a university in Babahoyo, where they performed three types of reading comprehension exercises using rewordify and dictionaries as an instrument to improve comprehension. The results demonstrated that both appear to promote comprehension, but some results showed that rewordify tends to be a further success in a specific type of reading activity.
A Multi-Task Approach for Disentangling Syntax and Semantics in Sentence Representations
Creators: name: Chen, Mingda
name: Tang, Qingming
name: Wiseman, Sam
name: Gimpel, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a generative model for a sentence that uses two latent variables, with one intended to represent the syntax of the sentence and the other to represent its semantics. We show we can achieve better disentanglement between semantic and syntactic representations by training with multiple losses, including losses that exploit aligned paraphrastic sentences and word-order information. We also investigate the effect of moving from bag-of-words to recurrent neural network modules. We evaluate our models as well as several popular pretrained embeddings on standard semantic similarity tasks and novel syntactic similarity tasks. Empirically, we find that the model with the best performing syntactic and semantic representations also gives rise to the most disentangled representations.
description: NAACL 2019 Long paper
Planetary health in practice: sensing air pollution and transforming urban environments
Creators: name: Gabrys, Jennifer
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
/4014/4045
/4014/4005
article

description: Abstract: Often, health is seen to be a matter of attending to individuals and their behaviour, or of studying populations in order to manage disease. However, pollution is a problem of the health of environments, as much as it is a problem of the health of bodies. To understand health and pollution, it is necessary to examine energy-intensive infrastructures and developed environments that produce air pollutants and impair ecosystems. In other words, air pollution requires approaches to health that are planetary in scope and that account for the socio-environmental processes and relations that make health possible. Planetary health is often approached as a broad analysis of earth systems. However, diverse and situated environmental practices also contribute to the formation of planetary health. This article asks how citizen-sensing practices tune into the problem of air pollution in Southeast London, and in so doing differently configure pollution and planetary health. While many sensing technologies promise to make citizens into more capable political actors through the collection of data, this research investigates how communities use sensors in distinct ways to support, activate or extend community-led projects in urban environments. Rather than citizen-sensing practices contributing to improved air quality through the abstract circulation of data, we found that environmental monitoring became enmeshed in ongoing and broader struggles to improve the health of urban environments. These practices not only challenge the official scripts of sensing devices, they also remake the usual ways of demarcating health in relation to air pollution by shifting away from individual behaviour and toward collective environmental actions. This article then asks how community proposals for urban design and action conjoin with citizen-sensing practices to generate strategies for reworking and reconstituting health toward more planetary compositions.
Haldane-Wu statistics and Rogers dilogarithm
Creators: name: Bytsko, Andrei G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Haldane-Wu exclusion statistics is considered from the generalized extensive statistics point of view and certain related mathematical aspects are investigated. A series representation for the corresponding generating function is proven. Equivalence of two formulae for the central charge, derived for the Haldane-Wu statistics via the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz, is established. As a corollary, a series representation with a free parameter for the Rogers dilogarithm is found. It is shown that the generating function, the entropy, and the central charge for the Gentile statistics majorize those for the Haldane-Wu statistics (under appropriate choice of parameters). From this, some dilogarithm inequality is derived.
description: 9 pages, LaTeX2e, references added
On the Impact of Memory Allocation on High-Performance Query Processing
Creators: name: Durner, Dominik
name: Leis, Viktor
name: Neumann, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Somewhat surprisingly, the behavior of analytical query engines is crucially affected by the dynamic memory allocator used. Memory allocators highly influence performance, scalability, memory efficiency and memory fairness to other processes. In this work, we provide the first comprehensive experimental analysis on the impact of memory allocation for high-performance query engines. We test five state-of-the-art dynamic memory allocators and discuss their strengths and weaknesses within our DBMS. The right allocator can increase the performance of TPC-DS (SF 100) by 2.7x on a 4-socket Intel Xeon server.
CHCHD4 regulates tumour proliferation and EMT-related phenotypes, through respiratory chain-mediated metabolism
Creators: name: Thomas, Luke W.
name: Esposito, Cinzia
name: Stephen, Jenna M.
name: Costa, Ana S. H.
name: Frezza, Christian
name: Blacker, Thomas S.
name: Szabadkai, Gyorgy
name: Ashcroft, Margaret
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Research
Coiled-coil helix coiled-coil helix domain-containing protein 4 (CHCHD4)
hypoxia
HIF-1α
mitochondria
respiratory chain
disulfide relay system
complex I
tumour growth
tumour metabolism

description: Abstract: Background: Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) via the respiratory chain is required for the maintenance of tumour cell proliferation and regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related phenotypes through mechanisms that are not fully understood. The essential mitochondrial import protein coiled-coil helix coiled-coil helix domain-containing protein 4 (CHCHD4) controls respiratory chain complex activity and oxygen consumption, and regulates the growth of tumours in vivo. In this study, we interrogate the importance of CHCHD4-regulated mitochondrial metabolism for tumour cell proliferation and EMT-related phenotypes, and elucidate key pathways involved. Results: Using in silico analyses of 967 tumour cell lines, and tumours from different cancer patient cohorts, we show that CHCHD4 expression positively correlates with OXPHOS and proliferative pathways including the mTORC1 signalling pathway. We show that CHCHD4 expression significantly correlates with the doubling time of a range of tumour cell lines, and that CHCHD4-mediated tumour cell growth and mTORC1 signalling is coupled to respiratory chain complex I (CI) activity. Using global metabolomics analysis, we show that CHCHD4 regulates amino acid metabolism, and that CHCHD4-mediated tumour cell growth is dependent on glutamine. We show that CHCHD4-mediated tumour cell growth is linked to CI-regulated mTORC1 signalling and amino acid metabolism. Finally, we show that CHCHD4 expression in tumours is inversely correlated with EMT-related gene expression, and that increased CHCHD4 expression in tumour cells modulates EMT-related phenotypes. Conclusions: CHCHD4 drives tumour cell growth and activates mTORC1 signalling through its control of respiratory chain mediated metabolism and complex I biology, and also regulates EMT-related phenotypes of tumour cells.
Reasons for the Continuity and Longevity of Japanese Companies
Creators: name: Almazyad, Othman
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Japanese companies are widely known for their leading status in the global economy. However, in spite of the global popularity of their goods and services, there is still a large knowledge gap about them in the Arabic-speaking intellectual sphere. This Special Report analyzes the reasons for the continuity of long-standing Japanese companies (called “Shinise” in Japanese) and the way they contribute to the Japanese economy. It also sheds light on what lessons the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia can learn from the Japanese experience in this field so as to realize the goals and targets of Vision 2030.
Additional file 5 of Artificial intelligence-based refractive error prediction and EVO-implantable collamer lens power calculation for myopia correction
Creators: name: Jiang, Yinjie
name: Shen, Yang
name: Chen, Xun
name: Niu, Lingling
name: Li, Boliang
name: Cheng, Mingrui
name: Lei, Yadi
name: Xu, Yilin
name: Wang, Chongyang
name: Zhou, Xingtao
name: Wang, Xiaoying
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 5. The prediction error distribution before adjustment in the test dataset of TICL cases.
Proton Drip-Line Calculations and the Rp-process
Creators: name: Brown, B. A.
name: Clement, R. R. C.
name: Richter, W. A.
name: Schatz, H.
name: Volya, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One-proton and two-proton separation energies are calculated for proton-rich nuclei in the region $ A=41-75 $. The method is based on Skyrme Hartree-Fock calculations of Coulomb displacement energies of mirror nuclei in combination with the experimental masses of the neutron-rich nuclei. The implications for the proton drip line and the astrophysical rp-process are discussed. This is done within the framework of a detailed analysis of the sensitivity of rp process calculations in type I X-ray burst models on nuclear masses. We find that the remaining mass uncertainties, in particular for some nuclei with $N=Z$, still lead to large uncertainties in calculations of X-ray burst light curves. Further experimental or theoretical improvements of nuclear mass data are necessary before observed X-ray burst light curves can be used to obtain quantitative constraints on ignition conditions and neutron star properties. We identify a list of nuclei for which improved mass data would be most important.
description: 20 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables
Leucothoe boolpooli
Creators: name: White, Kristine N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Ericales
Ericaceae
Leucothoe
Leucothoe boolpooli

description: Leucothoe boolpooli (J.L. Barnard, 1974)
 Leucothoe spinicarpa Chilton, 1923: 88.
 Leucothoe boolpooli J.L. Barnard, 1974b: 86–89, figs 53, 54. — Moore, 1987: 246, figs 5–7. — Lowry & Stoddart, 2003: 155.
 Type locality and specimens. Western Port, Victoria. Holotype, male, 11.7 mm, NMV.
 Material examined. No material available for examination. Diagnosis based on description by J. L. Barnard (1974).
 Diagnosis. Anterior projection on the ventral keel. Gnathopods 1 and 2 bases with setose posterior margins. Gnathopod 2 propodus with three major projections. Pereopods 5–7 bases narrowly expanded.
 Female (sexually dimorphic characters). Unknown.
 Habitat. Among algae holdfasts; depth not reported, shallow.
 Host. Sponges: Antho (Isopenectya) chartacea (Whitelegge, 1907), Iotrochopsamma arbuscula (Whitelegge, 1906), and Phorbas Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864.
 Distribution. Pacific Ocean: New South Wales (Chilton 1923), Western Port, Victoria (J.L. Barnard 1974b; Lowry & Stoddart 2003), Tasmania (Moore 1987; Lowry & Stoddart 2003).
description: Published as part of White, Kristine N., 2011, A taxonomic review of the Leucothoidae (Crustacea: Amphipoda) 3078, pp. 1-113 in Zootaxa 3078 (1) on page 45, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3078.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5243821
Factors Affecting the Intake of Dietary Fiber in the United States Diet
Creators: name: Senia, Mark C.
name: Dharmasena, Senarath
name: Senia, Mark C.
name: Dharmasena, Senarath
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Dietary fiber
subject: fiber consumption
subject: Nielson Homescan Panel
subject: USDA Dietary Guidelines

description: The 2010 USDA Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommended that individuals consume around 25 grams of dietary fiber per person per day. Yet despite these recommendations, consumers do not purchase enough foods high in dietary fiber. To investigate the factors behind this behavior, we perform an empirical analysis using Nielsen Homescan data for 2011 with a sample of 62,092 households from across the United States. This research contributes to the literature by simultaneously investigating per capita purchases of products containing fiber: bread, pasta, tortilla, and fresh produce (fruit and vegetables combined). We perform the estimation using a seemingly unrelated regression framework with a Tobit model setting for each equation in order to account for the censored nature of the available data. Preliminary results suggest that individuals that use coupons generally report purchasing more fiber per capita. Those living below 130 percent and below 185 percent of the federal poverty level purchase less fiber per capita from bread and pasta. For these individuals, the fiber purchased from produce is not significantly different from the individuals above the cutoff levels. Those with a higher income or education report more consumption of fiber per capita from produce and less from bread and pasta.
Towards solving large scale topology optimization problems with buckling constraints at the cost of linear analyses
Creators: name: Ferrari, Federico
name: Sigmund, Ole
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This work presents a multilevel approach to large--scale topology optimization accounting for linearized buckling criteria. The method relies on the use of preconditioned iterative solvers for all the systems involved in the linear buckling and sensitivity analyses and on the approximation of buckling modes from a coarse discretization. The strategy shows three main benefits: first, the computational cost for the eigenvalue analyses is drastically cut. Second, artifacts due to local stress concentrations are alleviated when computing modes on the coarse scale. Third, the ability to select a reduced set of important global modes and filter out less important local ones. As a result, designs with improved buckling resistance can be generated with a computational cost little more than that of a corresponding compliance minimization problem solved for multiple loading cases. Examples of 2D and 3D structures discretized by up to some millions of degrees of freedom are solved in Matlab to show the effectiveness of the proposed method. Finally, a post--processing procedure is suggested in order to reinforce the optimized design against local buckling.
description: 25 pages, 15 figures
Economic Analysis of Carbon Sequestration under Risks in Forest management
Creators: name: Hu, Lijiao
name: Stainback, George
name: Li, Xiaoshu
name: Hu, Lijiao
name: Stainback, George
name: Li, Xiaoshu
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: carbon sequestration
subject: catastrophic events
subject: E-V model
subject: Kentucky forests
subject: the modified Hartman model

description: Internalizing carbon value for forest landowners has the potential to increase carbon supply in forests and mitigate CO2 in the atmosphere. In this study, we developed a modified Hartman model to investigate how payments of carbon offsets impact the optimal management of hardwood forests in Kentucky considering price uncertainty and the risk of catastrophic events such as fire or storm damage. An Expected Value (E-V) model was used to conduct a sensitivity analysis of landowner aversion to price uncertainty. Best management strategies were examined to achieve maximized financial return for landowners in the face of both catastrophic risk and price variability.
Reasons for the Continuity and Longevity of Japanese Companies.pdf
Creators: name: Almazyad, Othman
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Japanese companies are widely known for their leading status in the global economy. However, in spite of the global popularity of their goods and services, there is still a large knowledge gap about them in the Arabic-speaking intellectual sphere. This Special Report analyzes the reasons for the continuity of long-standing Japanese companies (called “Shinise” in Japanese) and the way they contribute to the Japanese economy. It also sheds light on what lessons the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia can learn from the Japanese experience in this field so as to realize the goals and targets of Vision 2030.
Relativistic Wave Equations in the Helicity Basis
Creators: name: Varlamov, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 22E43, 35Q40, 22E70

description: The principal series of unitary representations of the Lorentz group has been considered in the helicity basis. Decompositions of tensor products of the spinspaces are studied in the framework of projective representations of the symmetric group. Higher-spin Gel'fand-Yaglom equations are defined in the helicity basis over an arbitrary representation space. Applications of decomposable and indecomposable Gel'fand-Yaglom equations to particle physics are discussed.
description: 22 pages, LaTeX2e
Conservation and flexibility in the gene regulatory landscape of heliconiine butterfly wings
Creators: name: Hanly, Joseph J.
name: Wallbank, Richard W. R.
name: McMillan, W. Owen
name: Jiggins, Chris D.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Research
Cis-regulation
Heliconius
Butterfly
Transcription factor
Homothorax
Gene expression
Wnt signaling
Transcriptomics

description: Funder: Wellcome Trust; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100004440
description: Abstract: Background: Many traits evolve by cis-regulatory modification, by which changes to noncoding sequences affect the binding affinity for available transcription factors and thus modify the expression profile of genes. Multiple examples of cis-regulatory evolution have been described at pattern switch genes responsible for butterfly wing pattern polymorphism, including in the diverse neotropical genus Heliconius, but the identities of the factors that can regulate these switch genes have not been identified. Results: We investigated the spatial transcriptomic landscape across the wings of three closely related butterfly species, two of which have a convergently evolved co-mimetic pattern and the other having a divergent pattern. We identified candidate factors for regulating the expression of wing patterning genes, including transcription factors with a conserved expression profile in all three species, and others, including both transcription factors and Wnt pathway genes, with markedly different profiles in each of the three species. We verified the conserved expression profile of the transcription factor homothorax by immunofluorescence and showed that its expression profile strongly correlates with that of the selector gene optix in butterflies with the Amazonian forewing pattern element ‘dennis.’ Conclusion: Here we show that, in addition to factors with conserved expression profiles like homothorax, there are also a variety of transcription factors and signaling pathway components that appear to vary in their expression profiles between closely related butterfly species, highlighting the importance of genome-wide regulatory evolution between species.
Supplementary Figures 1 - 4 and Supplementary Table 1 from Origin of horsetails and the role of whole-genome duplication in plant macroevolution
Creators: name: Clark, James W.
name: Puttick, Mark N.
name: Donoghue, Philip C. J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 40308 Palaeontology (incl. Palynology)
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 60408 Genomics

description: Figure S1: Akaike Information Criterion and Bayesian Information Criterion assessing the fitting of Gaussian mixture models to the Ks distribution of both Equisetum hyemale and Equisetum diffusum.; Figure S2: Frequency of duplications among gene families. 5,009 gene trees (including 1000 bootstrap replicates) were reconciled against the species tree. Red corresponds to a high frequency of duplication with low frequency shown in blue. Terminal branches were not visualised.; Figure S3: Inferred age of the whole genome duplication (WGD) event in Equisetum from 14 gene families containing 4 paralogs from 2 putative WGDs. The 95% HPD is shown for each speciation node in blue, with the duplication events in red.; Figure S4: Bayesian analysis of phenotypic and molecular data with the ages of the fossils as tip calibrations and a uniform calibration between 451-385 Ma applied to the root. Blue bars represent the 95% Highest Posterior Density (HPD) interval for each node. Posterior probabilities less than 1.0 are shown next to each node.; Table S1: Taxa sampled for the total evidence and morphospace analyses. Where available, 1C-values are provided as used in the ancestral reconstruction of genome size.
Identification and Characterization of Genetic Determinants of Isoniazid and Rifampicin Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Southern India
Creators: name: Munir, Asma
name: Kumar, Narender
name: Ramalingam, Suresh Babu
name: Tamilzhalagan, Sembulingam
name: Shanmugam, Siva Kumar
name: Palaniappan, Alangudi Natarajan
name: Nair, Dina
name: Priyadarshini, Padma
name: Natarajan, Mohan
name: Tripathy, Srikanth
name: Ranganathan, Uma Devi
name: Peacock, Sharon J.
name: Parkhill, Julian
name: Blundell, Tom L.
name: Malhotra, Sony
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Article
/631/208/737
/631/535/1267
/631/114/2410
/101
/45
article

description: Abstract: Drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB), one of the leading causes of death worldwide, arises mainly from spontaneous mutations in the genome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. There is an urgent need to understand the mechanisms by which the mutations confer resistance in order to identify new drug targets and to design new drugs. Previous studies have reported numerous mutations that confer resistance to anti-TB drugs, but there has been little systematic analysis to understand their genetic background and the potential impacts on the drug target stability and/or interactions. Here, we report the analysis of whole-genome sequence data for 98 clinical M. tuberculosis isolates from a city in southern India. The collection was screened for phenotypic resistance and sequenced to mine the genetic mutations conferring resistance to isoniazid and rifampicin. The most frequent mutation among isoniazid and rifampicin isolates was S315T in katG and S450L in rpoB respectively. The impacts of mutations on protein stability, protein-protein interactions and protein-ligand interactions were analysed using both statistical and machine-learning approaches. Drug-resistant mutations were predicted not only to target active sites in an orthosteric manner, but also to act through allosteric mechanisms arising from distant sites, sometimes at the protein-protein interface.
Leucothoe campi Mateus & Mateus 1986
Creators: name: White, Kristine N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Ericales
Ericaceae
Leucothoe
Leucothoe campi

description: Leucothoe campi Mateus & Mateus, 1986 (nomen novum)
 Leucothoe denticulata Mateus & Mateus, 1966: 175–177, figs 1, 2. — Wakabara et al., 1991: 69–77 (not Costa, 1851: 177). Leucothoe campi Mateus & Mateus, 1986: 142–144 (nomen novum). — Krapp-Schickel & Menioui, 2005: 81.
 Leucothoe mateusae Barnard & Karaman, 1991: 412 (nomen novum).
 Type locality and specimens. Ponta de Mina, Island Principe, Gulf of Guinea. Holotype, male, 4.5 mm; paratypes, male, 3 mm (mutilated), juveniles, 2.0 and 1.2 mm (mutilated).
 Material examined. No material available for examination. Diagnosis based on description by Mateus & Mateus (1966) and Krapp-Schickel & Menioui (2005).
 Diagnosis. Gnathopod 2 basis distally expanded with anterior serrations; carpus distally truncate; and propodus palm with 3–4 major tubercles.
 Note. Mateus & Mateus described Leucothoe denticulata sp. n. in 1966, but were unaware that Leucothoe denticulata Costa, 1851 was a valid species. They created a nomen novum (Leucothoe campi) for the species in 1986. Barnard & Barnard (1991) were unaware of this and created a homonym for this species (Leucothoe mateusae). Mateus & Mateus’ original description of Leucothoe campi (as Leucothoe denticulata) is very vague with illustrations of only gnathopods 1 and 2. Examination of type or topotypic material is necessary to clarify diagnostic characters for this species.
 Female (sexually dimorphic characters). No significantly sexually dimorphic character.
 Habitat. Habitat and depth not reported.
 Host. Unknown.
 Distribution. Atlantic Ocean: Gulf of Guinea, Africa (Mateus & Mateus 1966; Mateus & Mateus 1986; Krapp-Schickel & Menioui 2005), Brazil (Wakabara et al. 1991).
description: Published as part of White, Kristine N., 2011, A taxonomic review of the Leucothoidae (Crustacea: Amphipoda) 3078, pp. 1-113 in Zootaxa 3078 (1) on pages 46-47, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3078.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5243821
Japanese Administration with a Different Perspective- Introduction to Basic Concepts
Creators: name: Almazyad, Othman
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Since the visit of His Royal Highness Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman to Tokyo in 2016 (then Deputy Crown Prince), and the visit of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques King Salman bin Abdul Aziz in 2017, the strategic cooperation between the two countries is booming and deepening. These two historical visits culminated in deepening bilateral cooperation through the establishment of the Joint Vision Group (Saudi Arabia Joint Vision 2030), which aims to invest in new industries and push the economic wheel in compatible with Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030.In spite of the large volume of cooperation in the fields of economy and trade between Japan and the Arab world, the knowledge gap between the two sides still exist. In order to deepen the common understanding and contribute to bridge this gap, we highlight in this report the basic concepts of Japanese management from the Japanese perspective, through a closer view of Japanese reality, and displaying these Japanese views, especially from Japanese-written sources, in addition to drawing on the practical experience of the researcher within the Japanese organizations.The report will provide an explanation of the structural elements composing the Japanese administration by providing them in a simplified form in order to deepen the common understanding of the administrative perspective and understand the Japanese character and administrative thinking, which may contribute to the advancement of cooperation and achieving the Saudi-Japanese joint vision 2030.
Income and Health Choices Physical Activity Evidence from China
Creators: name: Hu, Xiaowen
name: Stowe, C. Jill
name: Hu, Xiaowen
name: Stowe, C. Jill
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: health choices
subject: income
subject: physical activity participation
subject: time preference.

description: This paper investigates the relationship between household income level and individual physical activity participation behavior. We investigate this issue through the lens of time preference. Our model considers income as a budget constraint of today as well as a component of future utility, and those with lower income discount future utility more heavily. Data from China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) are tested utilizing a random effects method. The results show that both the likelihood to participate in physical activity and the time spent on physical activity are positively correlated with income. In general, these findings support the hypothesis that low-income individuals are more likely to make poor choices with regard to future health, since they discount future utility relatively heavily.
Supplementary Material from Accurate and efficient discretizations for stochastic models providing near agent-based spatial resolution at low computational cost
Creators: name: Fadai, Nabil T.
name: Baker, Ruth E.
name: Simpson, Matthew J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computational Biology
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Understanding how cells proliferate, migrate and die in various environments is essential in determining how organisms develop and repair themselves. Continuum mathematical models, such as the logistic equation and the Fisher–Kolmogorov equation, can describe the global characteristics observed in commonly used cell biology assays, such as proliferation and scratch assays. However, these continuum models do not account for single-cell-level mechanics observed in high-throughput experiments. Mathematical modelling frameworks that represent individual cells, often called agent-based models, can successfully describe key single-cell-level features of these assays but are computationally infeasible when dealing with large populations. In this work, we propose an agent-based model with crowding effects that is computationally efficient and matches the logistic and Fisher–Kolmogorov equations in parameter regimes relevant to proliferation and scratch assays, respectively. This stochastic agent-based model allows multiple agents to be contained within compartments on an underlying lattice, thereby reducing the computational storage compared to existing agent-based models that allow one agent per site only. We propose a systematic method to determine a suitable compartment size. Implementing this compartment-based model with this compartment size provides a balance between computational storage, local resolution of agent behaviour and agreement with classical continuum descriptions.
How Open Science may help us during and after the pandemic
Creators: name: Irawan, Dasapta Erwin
name: Hedding, David
name: Pourret, Olivier
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Blog article published by EGU GeoLog https://blogs.egu.eu/geolog/2020/11/25/how-open-science-may-help-us-during-and-after-the-pandemic/
Assessment of Competitiveness and Legal Framework of Farmer’s Markets
Creators: name: Daniel, Amber
name: Gumirakiza, J. Dominique
name: Daniel, Amber
name: Gumirakiza, J. Dominique
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: farmers markets
subject: competitiveness
subject: legal structure

description: This study sought to analyze the competitiveness between the farmers markets, describe the legal requirements that farmers must adhere to participate in a farmers market, investigate whether new markets could be started, and identify policies that promote competition among farmers. This study uses data collected from 46 farmers’ market vendors and managers through in-person, online, and mail surveys in the Western Kentucky area. Respondents believe that farmers’ market regulations are less restrictive and are enforced fairly. They feel like they face relatively low competition for there are either just enough or few farmers markets in their area, suggesting that more markets could be opened successfully in the area. Most respondents think that community members are less informed of farmers’ markets (location, produce availability, prices, and operating hours). They believe that their markets could be improved if there was a way to ensure that markets were better known. Community leaders and policy makers should create and support programs that promote and increase awareness of farmers markets (perfect information for both buyers and sellers). Since famers’ market regulations are less restrictive, new entry by local farmers could improve market competitiveness. Market managers and vendors should improve their marketing strategies through newspapers, radio, billboards and/or any other advertising channels to increase awareness. Specific locations for new farmers markets should be identified and support to create new farmers’ markets or expand/strengthen the existing ones could increase opportunities to serve more consumers and promote the competition among markets’ markets and vendors in the area.
Beyond Top-Grasps Through Scene Completion
Creators: name: Lundell, Jens
name: Verdoja, Francesco
name: Kyrki, Ville
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Current end-to-end grasp planning methods propose grasps in the order of seconds that attain high grasp success rates on a diverse set of objects, but often by constraining the workspace to top-grasps. In this work, we present a method that allows end-to-end top-grasp planning methods to generate full six-degree-of-freedom grasps using a single RGB-D view as input. This is achieved by estimating the complete shape of the object to be grasped, then simulating different viewpoints of the object, passing the simulated viewpoints to an end-to-end grasp generation method, and finally executing the overall best grasp. The method was experimentally validated on a Franka Emika Panda by comparing 429 grasps generated by the state-of-the-art Fully Convolutional Grasp Quality CNN, both on simulated and real camera images. The results show statistically significant improvements in terms of grasp success rate when using simulated images over real camera images, especially when the real camera viewpoint is angled. Code and video are available at https://irobotics.aalto.fi/beyond-top-grasps-through-scene-completion/.
description: Accepted to 2020 IEEE Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)
Finite element modeling of thermo-active diaphragm walls
Creators: name: Rui, Yi
name: Yin, Mei
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Research Article
thermo-active diaphragm wall
finite element analysis
thermo-hydro-mechanical coupling
ground source heat pump

description: Abstract: There are two major challenges faced by modern society: energy security, and lowering carbon dioxide gas emissions. Thermo-active diaphragm walls have a large potential to remedy one of these problems, since they are a renewable energy technology that uses underground infrastructure as a heat exchange medium. However, extensive research is required to determine the effects of cyclic heating and cooling on their geotechnical and structural performance. In this paper, a series of detailed finite element analyses are carried out to capture the fully coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical response of the ground and diaphragm wall. It is demonstrated that the thermal operation of the diaphragm wall causes changes in soil temperature, thermal expansion/shrinkage of pore water, and total stress applied on the diaphragm wall. These, in turn, cause displacements of the diaphragm wall and variations of the bending moments. However, these effects on the performance of diaphragm wall are not significant. The thermally induced bending strain is mainly governed by the temperature differential and uneven thermal expansion/shrinkage across the wall.
The pharmaceutical solvent N-methyl-2-pyrollidone (NMP) attenuates inflammation through Krüppel-like factor 2 activation to reduce atherogenesis
Creators: name: Roche-Molina, Marta
name: Hardwick, Bryn
name: Sanchez-Ramos, Cristina
name: Sanz-Rosa, David
name: Gewert, Dirk
name: Cruz, Francisco M.
name: Gonzalez-Guerra, Andres
name: Andres, Vicente
name: Palma, Joaquin A.
name: Ibanez, Borja
name: Mckenzie, Grahame
name: Bernal, Juan A.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
/692/4019/592/75/593/2100
/631/154/1438
/631/337/572
/631/250/256
article

description: Abstract: N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) is a versatile water-miscible polar aprotic solvent. It is used as a drug solubilizer and penetration enhancer in human and animal, yet its bioactivity properties remain elusive. Here, we report that NMP is a bioactive anti-inflammatory compound well tolerated in vivo, that shows efficacy in reducing disease in a mouse model of atherosclerosis. Mechanistically, NMP increases the expression of the transcription factor Kruppel-like factor 2 (KLF2). Monocytes and endothelial cells treated with NMP express increased levels of KLF2, produce less pro-inflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules. We found that NMP attenuates monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells inflamed with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) by reducing expression of adhesion molecules. We further show using KLF2 shRNA that the inhibitory effect of NMP on endothelial inflammation and subsequent monocyte adhesion is KLF2 dependent. Enhancing KLF2 expression and activity improves endothelial function, controls multiple genes critical for inflammation, and prevents atherosclerosis. Our findings demonstrate a consistent effect of NMP upon KLF2 activation and inflammation, biological processes central to atherogenesis. Our data suggest that inclusion of bioactive solvent NMP in pharmaceutical compositions to treat inflammatory disorders might be beneficial and safe, in particular to treat diseases of the vascular system, such as atherosclerosis.
Coherent Vector Meson Photoproduction with Nuclear Breakup in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions
Creators: name: Baltz, Anthony J.
name: Klein, Spencer R.
name: Nystrand, Joakim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relativistic heavy ions are copious sources of virtual photons. The large photon flux gives rise to a substantial photonuclear interaction probability at impact parameters where no hadronic interactions can occur. Multiple photonuclear interactions in a single collision are possible. In this letter, we use mutual Coulomb excitation of both nuclei as a tag for moderate impact parameter collisions. We calculate the cross section for coherent vector meson production accompanied by mutual excitation, and show that the median impact parameter is much smaller than for untagged production. The vector meson rapidity and transverse momentum distribution are very different from untagged exclusive vector meson production.
description: 14 pages, including 4 figures