Punctus taibai, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Mu, Yannan
name: Zhang, Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Phrurolithidae
Punctus
Punctus taibai

description: Punctus taibai sp. nov. (ÁHƉflff)
Figs 67–73
Type material. Holotype ♁, CHINA: Shaanxi Province: Xi’an City, Zhouzhi County, Houzhenzi Town, Taibai Mountain National Nature Reserve (33°53.800′N, 107°47.989′E, 1908 m a.s.l.), 17 May 2018, leg. Zhisheng Zhang.
Paratypes: 4 ♀, with same data as holotype.
Etymology. The specific name is derived from the type locality; noun in apposition.
Diagnosis. This new species resembles Punctus maoxian sp. nov. in having a similarly shaped embolus, but can be recognized by: 1) the wider retroventral tibial apophysis, with a triangular apophysis on the prolateral margin, and the wider, simple tip (vs retroventral tibial apophysis tapering from base to tip, prolateral margin smooth, and tip bifurcated, cf. Fig. 71B–C and Fig. 76B–C), 2) the longer dorsal tibial apophysis (vs short, cf. Fig. 71C, E and Fig. 76E), 3) the blunt, triangular-shaped tegular apophysis (vs arc-shaped, cf. Fig. 71B and Fig. 76B), 4) copulatory openings directed mesally, towards each other (vs directed posteriorly, cf. Fig. 72A and Fig. 77A), and 5) the round bursa (vs oval, cf. Fig. 72B and Fig. 77B).
Description. Male (Holotype): total length 2.64, carapace 1.23 long, 1.03 wide; abdomen 1.41 long, 0.87 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.06, ALE 0.09, PME 0.05, PLE 0.07; AME–AME 0.03, AME–ALE 0.01, ALE–ALE 0.16, PME–PME 0.05, PME–PLE 0.04, PLE–PLE 0.25, ALE–PLE 0.04. EAW 0.35, CRW 0.53, EAW/ CRW 0.66, CRW/CW 0.51. MOA 0.17 long, anterior width 0.14, posterior width 0.17. CH 0.12, CH /AME 2.00. Labium 0.12 long, 0.17 wide. Sternum 0.72 long, 0.65 wide. Leg measurements: Ⅰ 3.83 (1.01, 0.41, 0.98, 0.90, 0.53), II 3.09 (0.81, 0.37, 0.68, 0.76, 0.47), III 2.92 (0.78, 0.36, 0.60, 0.72, 0.46), IV 4.41 (1.14, 0.46, 1.00, 1.18, 0.63). Spination: femora I–IV d 1, femora I–II pl 1, tibia Ⅰ pv 5 rv 5, tibia II pv 5 rv 4, metatarsus Ⅰ pv 3 rv 3, metatarsus II pv 4 rv 2.
Coloration: Carapace brown, oval, with several markings resembling flowing water droplets beside fovea and sparse iridescent scales in dorsal view. Abdomen darker in color than carapace, with large dorsal scutum covering almost entire abdomen, with sparse iridescent scales in dorsal view (Fig. 67A, B). Legs yellow to black; all tibia tips with nearly white annuli.
Palp as in Figs 71, 73A–D. Femoral apophysis protruding, with several setae, near tip of femur. Retroventral tibial apophysis wide, prolateral margin with triangular apophysis, tip blunt, slightly curved towards tegulum; dorsal tibial apophysis long, strong, tapering from base to tip. Tegulum thinner than cymbium, oval; tegular apophysis small, blunt triangular-shaped. Sperm duct distinct, covering more than half length of tegulum, tapering from retrolateral side of tegulum to embolus. Embolus short, slanting posteriorly. Conductor wide, membranous.
Female (Paratype): total length 3.66, carapace 1.46 long, 1.22 wide; abdomen 2.20 long, 1.59 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.07, ALE 0.09, PME 0.06, PLE 0.08; AME–AME 0.03, AME–ALE 0.01, ALE–ALE 0.19, PME–PME 0.05, PME–PLE 0.06, PLE–PLE 0.29, ALE–PLE 0. 05. EAW 0.41, CRW 0.65, EAW/CRW 0.63, CRW/CW 0.53. MOA 0.21 long, anterior width 0.17, posterior width 0.18. CH 0.14, CH /AME 2.00. Labium 0.14 long, 0.22 wide. Sternum 0.88 long, 0.80 wide. Leg measurements: Ⅰ 3.83 (1.23, 0.52, 1.18, 1.10, 0.61), II 3.09 (1.07, 0.47, 0.88, 0.90, 0.58), III 2.92 (0.96, 0.43, 0.73, 0.82, 0.55), IV 4.41 (1.38, 0.52, 1.22, 1.42, 0.75). Spination: femora I–IV d 1, femur I pl 1, tibia Ⅰ pv 5 rv 6, tibia II pv 5 rv 4, metatarsus Ⅰ pv 4 rv 3, tibia II pv 4 rv 2. Other characters as in male, except dorsal scutum absent (Fig. 67C, D).
Epigyne as in Figs 72, 73E–F. Epigynal plate sclerotized. Copulatory openings large, far apart, located laterally at middle of plate. Copulatory ducts and connecting tubes short. Bursa round, at anterior of plate. Spermathecae globular, separated by about half length of their diameter. Fertilization ducts located at anterior margin of spermathecae.
Distribution. China (Shaanxi Province).
description: Published as part of Mu, Yannan & Zhang, Feng, 2023, Further additions to the guardstone spider fauna from China (Araneae: Phrurolithidae), pp. 1-104 in Zootaxa 5338 (1) on pages 84-86, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5338.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/8283738