cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Implications of Understanding Short Gamma-Ray Bursts Detected by {\it Swift}
Creators: name: Shao, Lang
name: Dai, Zi-Gao
name: Fan, Yi-Zhong
name: Zhang, Fu-Wen
name: Jin, Zhi-Ping
name: Wei, Da-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In an effort to understand the puzzle of classifying gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), we perform a systematic study of {\it Swift} GRBs and investigate several short GRB issues. Though short GRBs have a short ($\lesssim2$ s) prompt duration as monitored by the Burst Alert Telescope, the composite light curves including both the prompt and afterglow emission suggest that most of the short GRBs have a similar radiative feature to long GRBs. Further, some well-studied short GRBs might also have an intrinsically long prompt duration, which renders them as a type of short GRB imposters. Genuine short GRBs detected by {\it Swift} might be rare that discriminating the observed short GRBs is, not surprisingly, troublesome. In particular, the observational biases in the host identification and redshift measurement of GRBs should be taken with great caution. The redshift distribution which has been found to be different for long and short GRBs might have been strongly affected by the measurement methods. We find that the redshifts measured from the presumed host galaxies of long and short GRBs appear to have a similar distribution.
description: Updated to match the version published in ApJ, 11 pages, 6 figues, 2 tables
title: Democracia Deliberativa
Creators: name: Ballacci, Giuseppe
name: Silva Baptista, António Luís
Publisher: name: IFILNOVA, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa
Year: 2024

description: ma parte significativa do debate em torno da democracia deliberativa centrou-se na definição de quais seriam as melhores condições para garantir que a deliberação seja efetiva e possa produzir justificações aceitáveis para todas as partes envolvidas. Nesta entrada, analisaremos os principais pontos teóricos dessa concepção de democracia e como ela se desenvolveu ao longo do tempo, também em resposta às diversas críticas que recebeu. A exposição será articulada em torno dos grandes temas que têm sido debatidos no âmbito da teoria da democracia deliberativa.
description: Ballacci, G. e Baptista, A., “Democracia Deliberativa”. Dicionário de Filosofia Moral e Política (2024), 2.ª série, coord. António Marques e André Santos Campos. Lisboa: Instituto de Filosofia da Nova, URL: . ISSN 2184-4445
Fourth generation effect on $Λ_b$ decays
Creators: name: Mohanta, R.
name: Giri, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rare decays of $Λ_b$ baryon governed by the quark level transitions $ b \to s$, are investigated in the fourth quark generation model popularly known as SM4. Recently it has been shown that SM4, which is a very simple extension of the standard model, can successfully explain several anomalies observed in the CP violation parameters of $B$ and $B_s$ mesons. We find that in this model due to the additional contributions coming from the heavy $t'$ quark in the loop, the branching ratios and other observables in rare $Λ_b$ decays deviate significantly from their SM values. Some of these modes are within the reach of LHCb experiment and search for such channels are strongly argued.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures, typos corrected, published version
Transportation in a Graduate School of Business Curriculum
Creators: name: Roberts, Merrill J.
name: Steger, Wilbur A.
name: Roberts, Merrill J.
name: Steger, Wilbur A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1964
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Presented at the 5th Transportation Research Forum meeting, Dec. 28-30, 1964, Chicago, IL
Additional file 1 of Care and support for youth living with HIV/AIDS in secondary schools: perspectives of school stakeholders in western Uganda
Creators: name: Kimera, Emmanuel
name: Vindevogel, Sofie
name: Reynaert, Didier
name: Anne-Mie Engelen
name: Kintu Mugenyi Justice
name: Rubaihayo, John
name: Maeyer, Jessica De
name: Bilsen, Johan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Additional file 1. Interview guide, used to conduct both focus group discussions and individual interviews.
R-mode oscillations and rocket effect in rotating superfluid neutron stars. I. Formalism
Creators: name: Colucci, Giuseppe
name: Mannarelli, Massimo
name: Manuel, Cristina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the hydrodynamical equations of r-mode oscillations in neutron stars in presence of a novel damping mechanism related to particle number changing processes. The change in the number densities of the various species leads to new dissipative terms in the equations which are responsible of the {\it rocket effect}. We employ a two-fluid model, with one fluid consisting of the charged components, while the second fluid consists of superfluid neutrons. We consider two different kind of r-mode oscillations, one associated with comoving displacements, and the second one associated with countermoving, out of phase, displacements.
description: 10 pages
Phase transition of a single star polymer: a Wang-Landau sampling study
Creators: name: Wang, Zilu
name: He, Xuehao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Star polymer is a typical nonlinear macromolecule possessing special thermodynamic behaviors for the existence of a jointing point. The thermodynamic transitions of a single star polymer are systematically studied with bond fluctuation model using Wang-Landau sampling technique. A new analysis method applying the shape factor is proposed to determine coil-globule (CG) and liquid-crystal (LC) transitions, which shows higher efficiency and precision than canonical specific heat function. It is found that the LC transition of star polymer at lower temperature obeys the identical scaling law as linear polymer. With the increase of the arm density of star polymer, however, the CG transition point, corresponding to θ temperature, shifts towards the LC transition and the reason comes from the high density arms of star polymer, which requires the lower temperature for attracting force to overcome the volume excluding effects of chain. This work clearly demonstrates that the distinction of linear and star polymers in structures only affects CG transition and has no influence on LC transition.
description: 30 pages, 10 figures, submit to JCP
NOVEL APPROACHES OF �PERSONALISED MEDICINE� AS PROOF-OF-PRINCIPLE FOR CDKL5-RELATED PATHOLOGIES
Creators: name: FAZZARI, MARIA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2018

description: Alterations of CDKL5 give rise to several forms of neurological disorders generally characterised by epileptic encephalopathy, severe developmental delay, hypotonia and RTT-like features. To date no cure exists and only secondary symptoms can be treated. About 15% of CDKL5 patients carry a nonsense mutation and might benefit of a readthrough strategy as ?personalised? medicine approach. The read-through process occurs when a near-cognate aminoacyl-tRNA binds a premature stop codon (PTC), allowing its suppression and the subsequent protein elongation. This mispairing event can rarely occur, but can be facilitated using a wide range of drugs. In order to test PTC suppression, we have chosen some human pathogenic CDKL5 nonsense mutations located in the two main domains of the protein: the catalytic N-terminus (R59X, R134X) or the C-terminal tail (Q347X, E364X, R550X, S855X). We then evaluated the read-through process using aminoglycoside and non-aminoglycoside drugs in cells transfected with the mutagenized constructs. In this study, we have demonstrated that tested CDKL5 PTCs can be suppressed by gentamicin and geneticin (G418) in a dose-dependent manner and that PTC position can be critical for read-through. In particular, G418 was found to be more effective than gentamicin. Considering the known aminoglycosides toxicity, we evaluated the activity of PTC124 and GJ072 but no PTC suppression was detectable in our experimental conditions. Finally, in order to understand whether the full-length derivatives may maintain the proper function of WT CDKL5, we analysed some features of read-through products compared to the WT protein. In particular, while premature truncated proteins showed an altered subcellular localisation, read-through products demonstrated a nucleo-cytoplasmic distribution more similar to the WT one. Moreover, by evaluating the auto-phosphorylation of the TEY motif, the read-through derivatives demonstrated to recover some catalytic activity, although remaining highly hypomorphic. Nevertheless, preliminary studies on Cdkl5-null neurons transfected with R134X construct suggested that G418 treatment can ameliorate impaired neuronal morphology. Collectively, our results indicate that: (i) aminoglycosides are able to induce read-through of different CDKL5 PTCs; (ii) the read-through derivatives recover some features characterizing the WT protein; (iii) PTC position can be crucial for read-though and for rescue of a proper function and (iv) neuronal morphological defects might be rescued by small amount of a possible hypomorphic CDKL5, therefore supporting the potential validity of a read-through therapy.
Experimental Demonstration of Fermionic QAOA with One-Dimensional Cyclic Driver Hamiltonian
Creators: name: Yoshioka, Takuya
name: Sasada, Keita
name: Nakano, Yuichiro
name: Fujii, Keisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) has attracted much attention as an algorithm that has the potential to efficiently solve combinatorial optimization problems. Among them, a fermionic QAOA (FQAOA) for solving constrained optimization problems has been developed [Yoshioka, Sasada, Nakano, and Fujii, Phys. Rev. Research vol. 5, 023071, 2023]. In this algorithm, the constraints are essentially imposed as fermion number conservation at arbitrary approximation level. We take the portfolio optimization problem as an application example and propose a new driver Hamiltonian on an one-dimensional cyclic lattice. Our FQAOA with the new driver Hamiltonian reduce the number of gate operations in quantum circuits. Experiments on a trapped-ion quantum computer using 16 qubits on Amazon Braket demonstrates that the proposed driver Hamiltonian effectively suppresses noise effects compared to the previous FQAOA.
description: published in 2023 IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE)
Effective action and semiclassical limit of spin foam models
Creators: name: Mikovic, A.
name: Vojinovic, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We define an effective action for spin foam models of quantum gravity by adapting the background field method from quantum field theory. We show that the Regge action is the leading term in the semi-classical expansion of the spin foam effective action if the vertex amplitude has the large-spin asymptotics which is proportional to an exponential function of the vertex Regge action. In the case of the known three-dimensional and four-dimensional spin foam models this amounts to modifying the vertex amplitude such that the exponential asymptotics is obtained. In particular, we show that the ELPR/FK model vertex amplitude can be modified such that the new model is finite and has the Einstein-Hilbert action as its classical limit. We also calculate the first-order and some of the second-order quantum corrections in the semi-classical expansion of the effective action.
description: Improved presentation, 2 references added. 15 pages, no figures
Compact quantum subgroups and left invariant C*-subalgebras of locally compact quantum groups
Creators: name: Salmi, Pekka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that there is a one-to-one correspondence between compact quantum subgroups of a co-amenable locally compact quantum group $\mathbb{G}$ and certain left invariant C*-subalgebras of $C_0(\mathbb{G})$. We also prove that every compact quantum subgroup of a co-amenable quantum group is co-amenable. Moreover, there is a one-to-one correspondence between open subgroups of an amenable locally compact group $G$ and non-zero, invariant C*-subalgebras of the group C*-algebra $C^*(G)$.
description: 21 pages. Final version. Minor edits to version 2
ON THE LENSE-THIRRING EFFECT IN ACCRETING BLACK HOLE SYSTEMS
Creators: name: FRANCHINI, ALESSIA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2017

description: Black holes are a natural prediction of the theory of General Relativity. Their gravitational field is strong enough to prevent light from escaping and to distort the space and the flow of time around them. Since light cannot escape, black holes can be detected when they are accreting mass from the surrounding gas or through the dynamics of nearby stars. Accretion of gas onto black holes is the most efficient mechanism that converts matter into energy. The investigation of this complex physical mechanism, in terms of both radiative emission and mechanical outflow, is crucial in order to understand the observations of accreting sources. In this context the Lense-Thirring or `frame dragging' effect becomes relevant since it warps the accretion disc around the black hole. The presence of warps within the disc can lead to its rigid precession around the black hole that results in a modulation of the emitted flux. Measuring the period and the duration of the quasi-periodic behaviour in the light curve, the black hole fundamental parameters (mass and spin) can be inferred. This thesis is devoted to the study of warps and rigid precession in accretion discs around black holes. The first part aims to give an introduction to the fundamental topics of the thesis: black holes, accretion discs and Lense-Thirring precession. The second is dedicated to tidal disruption event accretion discs formed around supermassive black holes. This contains an introduction to Tidal Disruption Events (TDEs) and a Chapter based on my first paper about LT precession of TDE accretion discs. The third part contains an introduction on the modelling of accretion discs in low mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) around stellar mass black holes and two Chapters based on two papers I have co-authored that aim to constrain the black hole spin in LMXBs through the detection of type-C Quasi-Periodic Oscillations (QPOs) in the power density spectra of these sources. In the last Chapter I draw the conclusion and future perspectives of the work done in the thesis. The Appendix contains a detailed calculation of the spherical innermost stable orbit around a black hole and a general introduction to Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamic (SPH) simulations.
Search for Dijet Resonances in 7 TeV pp Collisions at CMS
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for narrow resonances in the dijet mass spectrum is performed using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.9 inverse pb collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. Upper limits at the 95% confidence level (CL) are presented on the product of the resonance cross section, branching fraction into dijets, and acceptance, separately for decays into quark-quark, quark-gluon, or gluon-gluon pairs. The data exclude new particles predicted in the following models at the 95% CL: string resonances, with mass less than 2.50 TeV, excited quarks, with mass less than 1.58 TeV, and axigluons, colorons, and E_6 diquarks, in specific mass intervals. This extends previously published limits on these models.
The hunting target : interpreting the continuing US economic sanctions on Huawei as a non-state actor
Creators: name: Zheng, Yang
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: In 2018, the Trump administration imposed similar economic sanctions on two Chinese telecommunication multinational companies (MNCs), Huawei and ZTE. US sanctions on Huawei not only persist until today but also seem to escalate. On the contrary, ZTE’s sanctions lasted shortly and are now lifted. Why are sanctions lifted for ZTE but persisted for Huawei? Existing scholarly views often approach the subject of economic sanctions from a state’s perspective. However, these state-centric thoughts do not comprehensively fit into the case of Huawei and ZTE, since the two cases present similarities in many proposed conditions. By utilizing J.S.Mill’s method of difference, I examine the difference in three sources of MNCs’ power proposed by the bargaining model, I argue that the size of a firm provides the greatest source of power to counter the impact of economic sanctions, therefore allowing Huawei to refuse to comply to US sanctions, which eventually resulted in persistence of US economic sanctions. The finding of this paper provides a firm-level explanation of the ongoing sanctions on Huawei and fills the gap in analyzing the effectiveness of economic sanctions.
Additional file 2 of Characterization of four virulent Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteriophages, and evaluation of their potential use in complex phage preparation
Creators: name: Zurabov, Fedor
name: Zhilenkov, Evgeniy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 2. Detailed genome maps of bacteriophages vB_KpnS_FZ10, vB_KpnS_FZ41, vB_KpnP_FZ12 and vB_KpnM_FZ14. Legend. Genome maps were visualized with GenomeVx [54] based on complete genome sequences of Klebsiella pneumoniae phages vB_KpnS_FZ10, vB_KpnP_FZ12, vB_KpnM_FZ14 and vB_KpnS_FZ41, deposited in GenBank under the accession numbers MK521904, MK521905, MK521906 and MK521907, respectively.
Lie algebras and Higher torsion in p-groups
Creators: name: Pakianathan, Jonathan
name: Rogers, Nicholas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20J06, 17B56, 55T05

description: We study exceptional torsion in the integral cohomology of a family of p-groups associated to p-adic Lie algebras. A spectral sequence E_r^{*,*}[g] is defined for any Lie algebra g which models the Bockstein spectral sequence of the corresponding group in characteristic p. This spectral sequence is then studied for complex semisimple Lie algebras like sl_n(C), and the results there are transferred to the corresponding p-group via the intermediary arithmetic Lie algebra defined over Z. Over C, it is shown that E_1^{*,*}[g]=H^*(g,U(g)^*)=H^*(ΛBG) where U(g)^* is the dual of the universal enveloping algebra of g and ΛBG is the free loop space of the classifying space of a Lie group G associated to g. In characteristic p, a phase transition is observed. For example, it is shown that the algebra E_1^{*,*}[sl_2[F_p]] requires at least 17 generators unlike its characteristic zero counterpart which only requires two.
description: 57 pages, 2 figures
Copepod dynamics of the Fraser River estuary
Creators: name: Breckenridge, Joanne Kathryn
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: How the zooplankton in estuaries of nival basins will respond to a warming water column and earlier peak flows is unknown. The goal of this dissertation is to increase our knowledge of zooplankton dynamics in snowmelt-dominated estuarine systems by studying the Fraser River Estuary (FRE). To describe the copepod community of the FRE and identify drivers of species composition and abundance, an intensive zooplankton sampling program was carried out over a period of 33 months, from August 2013 – May 2016. I coupled the sampling program with investigations of the depth distribution and egg production of the most abundant pelagic copepod in the estuary, Eurytemora affinis. Using the information gained in these studies and data from the literature, I built a stage-structured, concentration-based population model to explore the response of E. affinis abundance to projected changes in temperature and Fraser River discharge. The results outlined in this dissertation demonstrate that mesozooplankton abundance, biomass, and production in the FRE were low in comparison to other studied estuaries and limited by water residence times in the estuary. Targeted study of E. affinis provided evidence of tidal vertical migration behaviour and a first record of the production of resting eggs to bridge periods of rapid flushing and low salinity. The presence of these retention mechanisms highlights the role advection risk has played in shaping both the behaviour and life history of the E. affinis population in the FRE. Results of model simulations suggest that the response of E. affinis abundance to predicted changes in water temperature and river discharge is dependent on how those changes influence spring contributions to the egg bank. My simulations suggest that warming of 1.5 ℃, in combination with predicted changes to the Fraser River’s hydrograph, has the potential to lead to a near doubling (+ 92%) of abundance of E. affinis and significant changes in their phenology (from 50 days earlier to 25 days later, depending on the timeframe of the river discharge scenario). I suggest that zooplankton production in snowmelt-dominated estuarine systems may be sensitive to changes in hydrology, particularly where channelization has occurred.
Long-term cost-effectiveness of a disease management program for patients with atrial fibrillation compared to standard care – a multi-state survival model based on a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Gao, Lan
name: Scuffham, Paul
name: Jocasta Ball
name: Stewart, Simon
name: Byrnes, Joshua
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: To assess the long-term cost-effectiveness of an atrial fibrillation disease management program (i.e. the SAFETY program) from the Australian healthcare system perspective. A multistate Markov model was developed based on patient-level data from the SAFETY randomized controlled trial. Predicted long-term survival, dependent on hospital admission history, was estimated by extrapolating parametric survival models. Quality-adjusted life years (QALY) and life years (LY) were the primary and secondary outcome measures used to estimate the incremental cost-utility/effectiveness ratio (ICUR/ICER). Both deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses (PSA) were undertaken. The SAFETY program was associated with both higher costs ($94,953 vs. $78,433) and benefits [QALY (3.99 vs 3.60); LY (5.86 vs 5.24)], with an ICUR of $42,513/QALY or ICER of $26,356/LY, compared to standard care. Due to the extended survival, the SAFETY was associated with a greater number of hospitalizations (14.85 vs 11.65) and higher costs for medications ($25,084 vs $22,402) and outpatient care ($12,904 vs $11,524). The cost per hospitalization for an average length of stay, analytical time horizon, and cost of medication are key determinants of ICUR. The PSA showed that the intervention has a 70.4% probability of being cost-effective at a threshold of $50,000/QALY. The SAFETY program has a high probability of being cost-effective for patients with atrial fibrillation. It is associated with uncertainty that further research could potentially eliminate; implementation with further evidence collection is recommended.
Additional file 1 of A microRNA signature for risk-stratification and response prediction to FOLFOX-based adjuvant therapy in stage II and III colorectal cancer
Creators: name: Okuno, Keisuke
name: Kandimalla, Raju
name: Mendiola, Marta
name: Balaguer, Francesc
name: Bujanda, Luis
name: Fernandez-Martos, Carlos
name: Aparicio, Jorge
name: Feliu, Jaime
name: Tokunaga, Masanori
name: Kinugasa, Yusuke
name: Maurel, Joan
name: Goel, Ajay
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1.
Additional file 1 of Duration of breastfeeding, age at introduction of complementary foods and allergy-related diseases: a prospective cohort study
Creators: name: Ekelund, Louise
name: Gloppen, Inga
name: Øien, Torbjørn
name: Simpson, Melanie Rae
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Tables (Additional File 1.pdf) contains the following supplementary tables: Table S1. Relationship between income and other common measures of socio-economic status or behaviours associated with socio-economic status; Table S2. Characteristics of included participants, excluded participants and those lost to follow up; Table S3. Breastfeeding duration versus age at introduction of complementary foods; Table S4. Relation between breastfeeding duration and allergy related diseases when symptomatic children before six months of age are excluded; Table S5. Relation between breastfeeding duration with maximum one-year recall and allergy related diseases; Table S6. Interaction between duration of breastfeeding and with infant formula and allergy related diseases; Table S7. Relation between age at introduction to complementary foods and allergy related diseases when symptomatic children before six months of age are excluded; Table S8. Relation between breastfeeding / complementary food introduction overlap and allergy related diseases.
Additional file 1 of Electronic medical record implementation in tertiary care: factors influencing adoption of an electronic medical record in a cancer centre
Creators: name: Janssen, Anna
name: Donnelly, Candice
name: Elisabeth Elder
name: Pathmanathan, Nirmala
name: Shaw, Tim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Minimum Shear Viscosity over Entropy Density at Phase Transition? --- A Counterexample
Creators: name: Chen, Jiunn-Wei
name: Hsieh, Chang-Tse
name: Lin, Han-Hsin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ratio eta/s, shear viscosity (eta) to entropy density (s), reaches its local minimum at the (second order) phase transition temperature in a wide class of systems. It was suspected that this behavior might be universal. However, a counterexample is found in a system of two weakly self-interacting real scalar fields with one of them condensing at low temperatures while the other remains in the symmetric phase. There is no interaction between the two fields. The resulting eta/s is monotonically decreasing in temperature despite the phase transition.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
A Learning-based Distributed Algorithm for Scheduling in Multi-hop Wireless Networks
Creators: name: Park, Daehyun
name: Kang, Sunjung
name: Joo, Changhee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We address the joint problem of learning and scheduling in multi-hop wireless network without a prior knowledge on link rates. Previous scheduling algorithms need the link rate information, and learning algorithms often require a centralized entity and polynomial complexity. These become a major obstacle to develop an efficient learning-based distributed scheme for resource allocation in large-scale multi-hop networks. In this work, by incorporating with learning algorithm, we develop provably efficient scheduling scheme under packet arrival dynamics without a priori link rate information. We extend the results to distributed implementation and evaluation their performance through simulations.
Larmor precession reexamined: Testable correction and its ramifications
Creators: name: Home, Dipankar
name: Pan, Alok Kumar
name: Banerjee, Arka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a spin-polarized plane wave passing through a spin-rotator containing uniform magnetic field, we provide a detailed analysis for solving the appropriate Schrödinger equation. A modified expression for spin precession is obtained which reduces to the standard Larmor precession relation when kinetic energy is very large compared to the spin-magnetic field interaction. We show that there are experimentally verifiable regimes of departure from the standard Larmor precession formula. The treatment is then extended to the case of a spin-polarized wave packet passing through a uniform magnetic field. The results based on the standard expression for Larmor precession and that obtained from the modified formula are compared in various regimes of the experimental parameters.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
Guidelines for the Li–Fraumeni and heritable TP53 -related cancer syndromes
Creators: name: Bajalica Lagercrantz, Svetlana
name: Oliveira, Carla
name: Magenheim, Rita
name: Evans, D. Gareth
name: Hoogerbrugge, Nicoline
name: Ligtenberg, Marjolijn
name: Kets, Marleen
name: Oostenbrink, Rianne
name: Sijmons, Rolf
name: Evans, Gareth
name: Woodward, Emma
name: Tischkowitz, Marc
name: Maher, Eamonn
name: Ferner, Rosalie E.
name: Aretz, Stefan
name: Spier, Isabel
name: Steinke-Lange, Verena
name: Holinski-Feder, Elke
name: Schröck, Evelin
name: Frebourg, Thierry
name: Houdayer, Claude
name: Colas, Chrystelle
name: Wolkenstein, Pierre
name: Bours, Vincent
name: Legius, Eric
name: Poppe, Bruce
name: Claes, Kathleen
name: De Putter, Robin
name: Guillermo, Ignacio Blanco
name: Capella, Gabriel
name: Vidal, Joan Brunet
name: Lázaro, Conxi
name: Balmaña, Judith
name: Hernandez, Hector Salvador
name: Teixeira, Manuel
name: Bajalica-Lagercrantz, Svetlana
name: Tham, Emma
name: Lubinski, Jan
name: Ertmanska, Karolina
name: Melegh, Bela
name: Krajc, Mateja
name: Blatnik, Ana
name: Peltonen, Sirkku
name: Hietala, Marja
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
/631/67/2322
/692/499
article

description: Abstract: Fifty years after the recognition of the Li–Fraumeni syndrome (LFS), our perception of cancers related to germline alterations of TP53 has drastically changed: (i) germline TP53 alterations are often identified among children with cancers, in particular soft-tissue sarcomas, adrenocortical carcinomas, central nervous system tumours, or among adult females with early breast cancers, without familial history. This justifies the expansion of the LFS concept to a wider cancer predisposition syndrome designated heritable TP53-related cancer (hTP53rc) syndrome; (ii) the interpretation of germline TP53 variants remains challenging and should integrate epidemiological, phenotypical, bioinformatics prediction, and functional data; (iii) the penetrance of germline disease-causing TP53 variants is variable, depending both on the type of variant (dominant-negative variants being associated with a higher cancer risk) and on modifying factors; (iv) whole-body MRI (WBMRI) allows early detection of tumours in variant carriers and (v) in cancer patients with germline disease-causing TP53 variants, radiotherapy, and conventional genotoxic chemotherapy contribute to the development of subsequent primary tumours. It is critical to perform TP53 testing before the initiation of treatment in order to avoid in carriers, if possible, radiotherapy and genotoxic chemotherapies. In children, the recommendations are to perform clinical examination and abdominal ultrasound every 6 months, annual WBMRI and brain MRI from the first year of life, if the TP53 variant is known to be associated with childhood cancers. In adults, the surveillance should include every year clinical examination, WBMRI, breast MRI in females from 20 until 65 years and brain MRI until 50 years.
Ionization wave propagation on a micro cavity plasma array
Creators: name: Wollny, Alexander
name: Hemke, Torben
name: Gebhardt, Markus
name: Brinkmann, Ralf Peter
name: Boettner, Henrik
name: Winter, Joerg
name: der Gathen, Volker Schulz-von
name: Xiong, Zhongmin
name: Kushner, Mark J.
name: Mussenbrock, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Microcavity plasma arrays of inverse pyramidal cavities have been fabricated in p-Si wafers. Each cavity acts as a microscopic dielectric barrier discharge. Operated at atmospheric pressure in argon and excited with high voltage at about 10 kHz, each cavity develops a localized microplasma. Experiments have shown a strong interaction of individual cavities, leading to the propagation of wave-like optical emission structures along the surface of the array. This phenomenon is numerically investigated using computer simulation. The observed ionization wave propagates with a speed of about 5 km/s, which agrees well the experimental findings. It is found that the wave propagation is due to sequential contributions of a drift of electrons followed by drift of ions between cavities seeded by photoemission of electrons by the plasma in adjacent cavities.
CDK5 PLAYS A KEY ROLE IN PROLIFERATION, APOPTOSIS, AND IN VIVO TUMOR GROWTH OF DIFFUSE LARGE B-CELL LYMPHOMA
Creators: name: INGUSCIO, ALESSANDRA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2015

description: Diffuse Large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common adult non-Hodgkin lymphoma, whose standard of care is the immunochemotherapy R-CHOP. Chemorefractory patients, still approximately 40%, represent an unmet medical need, requiring novel targets for innovative treatments. One potential target is cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5), a serine/threonine protein kinase that has been recently linked to tumor development and progression. Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) is a serine/threonine protein kinase, which forms active complexes with p35 or p39 and it is mostly active in the nervous system, regulating several processes. In the past few years, novel roles for Cdk5 have been proposed in many pathological conditions and cancer, even if its role in DLBCL remains uninvestigated to date. For the first time, we showed that Cdk5 and p35 are both overexpressed in DLBCL cell lines. Moreover, we highlighted that proliferation and apoptosis are regulated by Cdk5 activity in loss-of-function experiments. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of highly conserved short RNAs that regulate diverse cellular processes by degradation or translation inhibition of mRNA targets. Numerous reports have shown that miRNA dysfunction is involved in the development and progression of various human cancers (4). In particular, miR26a has a tumor suppressor role in different cancers, such as nasopharyngeal carcinoma (5) breast cancer (6) and gastric carcinoma (7), but its role in DLBCL remains still unclear. In this study we demonstrated that mir-R26 regulates p35 expression and that it involves Cdk5/p35 pathway directly affecting DLBCL cells proliferation and apoptosis. Thus, the clarification of the molecular mechanisms at the base of Cdk5/p35 expression and their role on DLBCL tumor cell proliferation could lead to the identification of innovative therapeutic targets for treatments of DLBCL.
Photometric Determination of Main-Sequence Binaries with Gaia
Creators: name: Wallace, A. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since its launch in 2013, the Gaia space telescope has provided precise measurements of the positions and magnitudes of over 1 billion stars. This has enabled extensive searches for stellar and sub-stellar companions through astrometric and radial velocity measurements. However, these surveys require a prior knowledge of any unresolved companion affecting the results which can be identified using photometry. In this work, Gaia's magnitude measurements are combined with near-infrared observations from 2MASS and WISE and simulation-based inference is applied to constrain astrophysical parameters and search for hidden companions. This method is first tested on simulated sets of binary stars before expanding to Gaia's non-single star catalogue. Using this test, a region is identified on the H-R diagram in which the method is the most accurate and all Gaia sources within that region are analysed. This analysis reproduces a known anti-correlation between metallicity and binary fraction. Finally, the method is applied to the nearby star cluster M67 and, using previous studies of the metallicity distribution, it is possible to improve constraints on binary fraction. From this the binary fraction in the cluster is calculated to vary from 30% in the outer cluster to 45% near the core. This is found to be significantly higher the 23% binary fraction calculated for the wider stellar neighbourhood.
description: 10 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication by MNRAS
Cancer Surveillance Guideline for individuals with PTEN hamartoma tumour syndrome
Creators: name: Colas, Chrystelle
name: Pouwels, Sjaak
name: Hoogerbrugge, Nicoline
name: Bisseling, Tanya
name: Bubien, Virginie
name: Caux, Frederic
name: Chabbert-Buffet, Nathalie
name: Da Mota Gomes, Sophie
name: Gotthardt, Martin
name: Kets, Marleen
name: Lachlan, Katherine L.
name: Links, Thera P.
name: Longy, Michel
name: Mann, Ritse
name: Kool, Leo Schultze
name: Semple, Robert K.
name: Stock, Ian
name: Tischkowitz, Marc
name: Vos, Janet
name: Ligtenberg, Marjolijn
name: Oostenbrink, Rianne
name: Sijmons, Rolf
name: Evans, Gareth
name: Woodward, Emma
name: Maher, Eamonn
name: Ferner, Rosalie E.
name: Aretz, Stefan
name: Spier, Isabel
name: Steinke-Lange, Verena
name: Holinski-Feder, Elke
name: Schröck, Evelin
name: Frebourg, Thierry
name: Houdayer, Claude
name: Wolkenstein, Pierre
name: Bours, Vincent
name: Legius, Eric
name: Poppe, Bruce
name: Claes, Kathleen
name: De Putter, Robin
name: Guillermo, Ignacio Blanco
name: Capella, Gabriel
name: Vidal, Joan Brunet
name: Lázaro, Conxi
name: Balmaña, Judith
name: Hernandez, Hector Salvador
name: Oliveira, Carla
name: Teixeira, Manuel
name: Bajalica-Lagercrantz, Svetlana
name: Tham, Emma
name: Lubinski, Jan
name: Ertmanska, Karolina
name: Melegh, Bela
name: Krajc, Mateja
name: Blatnik, Ana
name: Peltonen, Sirkku
name: Hietala, Marja
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
/692/700/459/1748
/692/699/67/68
article

description: Abstract: PTEN hamartoma tumour syndrome is a diverse multi-system disorder predisposing to the development of hamartomatous growths, increasing risk of breast, thyroid, renal cancer, and possibly increasing risk of endometrial cancer, colorectal cancer and melanoma. There is no international consensus on cancer surveillance in PHTS and all current guidelines are based on expert opinion. A comprehensive literature review was undertaken and guidelines were developed by clinicians with expertise from clinical genetics, gynaecology, endocrinology, dermatology, radiology, gastroenterology and general surgery, together with affected individuals and their representatives. Recommendations were put forward for surveillance for breast, thyroid and renal cancers. Limited recommendations were developed for other sites including endometrial, colon and skin. The proposed cancer surveillance recommendations for PHTS require a coordinated multidisciplinary approach and significant patient commitment. The evidence base for cancer surveillance in this guideline are limited, emphasising the need for prospective evaluation of the effectiveness of surveillance in the PHTS population.
STUDY OF PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS CHARACTERIZING NAPHTHENIC ACID CORROSION
Creators: name: GENNARO, MARIA ELENA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2013

description: The recent increase in crude oil cost arose interest in cheaper oils, usually called ?opportunity crudes?. These oils are difficult to transport and treat, mainly because of their sulphur content, acidity and high density, but their cheap price makes them attractive, because refineries capable of processing them could gain a higher profit. Opportunity crudes composition affects process parameters and they can also cause corrosion and failures in plant equipment. It is well known that the main corrosive agents are the naphthenic acids (NAs), but the mechanism is complex and very little is known about it since there are many factors affecting it such as type of acids, temperature, sulphur compounds and fluid velocity. Thus damage process has not been clarified yet and at this time there is no accurate model available for predicting crude oil corrosiveness. Though considerable work has been done to understand NA corrosion in refineries, it turned out to be unsuccessful when the interdependence of NAs type and corrosion effects is considered. The objective of the research activity was to get more insight into the relationships between physico-chemical properties of crude oils and corrosion, in order to build a model aimed at identification of a corrosivity index which might help operators to determine the aggressiveness of processed fluids. For this purpose an analytical protocol was identified in order to determine the main molecular characteristics, such as number of carbon atoms, rings and average molecular weight. After some preliminary high temperature and pressure tests, a new equipment was developed and designed capable of reproducing real plant conditions. The small-scale plant was first used with a reference fluid consisting of gasoil and a commercial mixture of NAs, and then tested with actual crudes. The use of experimental design and of proper analytical techniques allowed to build a model for the corrosion of two different materials.
Myth Making, Juridification, and Parasitical Discourse: A Barthesian Semiotic Demystification of Canadian Political Discourse on Marijuana
Creators: name: Crépault, Daniel Pierre-Charles
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2019
Subjects: semiotics
criminal justice
marijuana
Barthes
political discourse
regulation
juridification
Canadian drug policy
demystification

description: The legalization of marijuana in Canada represents a significant change in the course of Canadian drug policy. Using a semiotic approach based on the work of Roland Barthes, this dissertation explores marijuana’s signification within the House of Commons and Senate debates between 1891 and 2018. When examined through this conceptual lens, the ongoing parliamentary debates about marijuana over the last 127 years are revealed to be rife with what Barthes referred to as myths, ideas that have become so familiar that they cease to be recognized as constructions and appear innocent and natural. Exploring one such myth—the necessity of asserting “paternal power” over individuals deemed incapable of rational calculation—this dissertation demonstrates that the processes of political debate and law-making are also a complex “politics of signification” in which myths are continually being invoked, (re)produced, and (re)transmitted. The evolution of this myth is traced to the contemporary era and it is shown that recent attempts to criminalize, decriminalize, and legalize marijuana are indices of a process of juridification that is entrenching legal regulation into increasingly new areas of Canadian life in order to assert greater control over the consumption of marijuana and, importantly, over the risks that this activity has been semiologically associated with. Although the government’s legalization decision seems to be a liberalization of drug policy at odds with processes of juridification, it is shown that legalization’s transformation of irrational and criminal marijuana users into legitimate consumers subject to a strict regulatory framework is entirely compatible with a neo-liberal perspective that is saturated by the myth of irrationality and the necessity of paternal power. The reaching of this counterintuitive conclusion helps demonstrate this dissertation’s primary contribution: the illustration of the value of Barthesian semiotics as a means of producing new and alternative insights into seemingly familiar criminological issues.
Additional file 1 of Characteristics of ischemic stroke and intracranial hemorrhage in patients with nephrotic syndrome
Creators: name: Huang, Wen-Yi
name: Chang, Chun-Wei
name: Chen, Chiung-Mei
name: Chen, Kuan-Hsing
name: Chang, Chien-Hung
name: Wu, Hsiu-Chuan
name: Chang, Kuo-Hsuan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Figure 1. Flow of study selection. NS indicates nephrotic syndrome; IS, ischemic stroke; ICH, intracranial hemorrhage. Supplementary Table 1. The numbers of missing laboratory data. Supplementary Table 2. Demographic features of nephrotic syndrome patients with stroke (additional data). Supplementary Table 3. Demographic features and clinical courses of nephrotic syndrome patients with ischemic stroke (additional data). Supplementary Table 4. Demographic features and clinical courses of nephrotic syndrome patients with intracranial hemorrhage (additional data). Supplementary Table 5. Cox regression analysis of patient survival during the 30-day period, intracranial hemorrhage vs. ischemic stroke (detailed items). Supplementary Table 6. Cox regression analysis of patient survival during the 30-day period in nephrotic syndrome patients with ischemic stroke (detailed items). Supplementary Table 7. Cox regression analysis of patient survival during the 30-day period in nephrotic syndrome patients with intracranial hemorrhage (detailed items).