cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: European JRC report on R1234yf ignores fire incidents
title: European JRC report on R1234yf ignores fire incidents
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Umweltbundesamt
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: HFO-1234yf
subject: Kühlmittel
subject: Fahrzeugklimaanlage
subject: Klimaanlage
subject: R1234yf
subject: refrigerant
subject: automobile air conditioner
subject: mobile air conditioning unit
subject: Economy | Consumption
subject: Transport

description: Air conditioning systems for passenger cars in the EU must switch to a new refrigerant for the sake of climate protection. However, UBA is not the only one to believe that many car manufacturers are backing the wrong horse. The new refrigerant R1234yf can ignite during accidents and hydrofluoric acid may form. This is what tests commissioned by UBA and the German Federal Motor Transport Authority (KBA), and others, have shown. Car occupants and rescue workers in particular may be potentially at risk. After having reviewed the KBA's tests, the European Commission's Joint Research Centre nevertheless sees no serious risk and fully disregards results from other studies. UBA finds this incomprehensible. Quelle: http://www.umweltbundesamt.de
description: Air conditioning systems for passenger cars in the EU must switch to a new refrigerant for the sake of climate protection. However, ⁠UBA⁠ is not the only one to believe that many car manufacturers are backing the wrong horse. The new refrigerant R1234yf can ignite during accidents and hydrofluoric acid may form. This is what tests commissioned by UBA and the German Federal Motor Transport Authority (KBA), and others, have shown. Car occupants and rescue workers in particular may be potentially at risk. After having reviewed the KBA’s tests, the European Commission’s Joint Research Centre nevertheless sees no serious risk and fully disregards results from other studies. UBA finds this incomprehensible.
Housing and overdose: an opportunity for the scale-up of overdose prevention interventions?
Creators: name: Bardwell, Geoff
name: Collins, Alexandra B.
name: McNeil, Ryan, 1982-
name: Boyd, Jade
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2017

description: Background: North America is currently experiencing an overdose epidemic due to a significant increase of fentanyl-adulterated opioids and related analogs. Multiple jurisdictions have declared a public health emergency given the increasing number of overdose deaths. In the province of British Columbia (BC) in Canada, people who use drugs and who are unstably housed are disproportionately affected by a rising overdose crisis, with close to 90% of overdose deaths occurring indoors. Despite this alarming number, overdose prevention and response interventions have yet to be widely implemented in a range of housing settings. Overdose prevention interventions: There are few examples of overdose prevention interventions in housing environments. In BC, for example, there are peer-led naloxone training and distribution programs targeted at some housing environments. There are also “supervised” spaces such as overdose prevention sites (similar to supervised consumption sites (SCS)) located in some housing environments; however, their coverage remains limited and the impacts of these programs are unclear due to the lack of evaluation work undertaken to date. A small number of SCS exist globally in housing environments (e.g., Germany), but like overdose prevention sites in BC, little is known about the design or effectiveness, as they remain under-evaluated. Conclusions: Implementing SCS and other overdose prevention interventions across a range of housing sites provides multiple opportunities to address overdose risk and drug-related harms for marginalized people who use drugs. Given the current overdose crisis rising across North America, and the growing evidence of the relationship between housing and overdose, the continued implementation and evaluation of novel overdose prevention interventions in housing environments should be a public health priority. A failure to do so will simply perpetuate what has proven to be a devastating epidemic of preventable death.
Bodily discourses and Canadian youths' meanings of health, fitness, body and appearance
Creators: name: Roma-Reardon, Josianne
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Health Sciences, Public Health.

description: This qualitative study explores the discursive constructions of health, the narratives about the body and appearance as well as the meanings of fitness among Canadian youth from English- and French-language high schools as well as from the Portuguese-Canadian community in Ottawa, Canada. Small group discussions and a "write and draw" schedule were used to gather qualitative materials among 63 youth aged between 13-15 years. Qualitative materials were submitted first to thematic analysis followed by a discourse analysis method informed by feminist postructuralist theory. In the first instance, participants were found to construct health mostly as a corporeal notion and as something under their responsibility: health was discursively constructed as "being physically active," "not being too fat or too skinny," "eating well" and "avoiding bad habits." Although no major linguistic or ethnic differences were observed between participants in how they discursively constructed health, gender differences were noticed in discussions of body weight. Furthermore, it was revealed that most participants adopted subject positions within dominant bodily discourses, including the discourses of obesity and personal responsibility for health. Another area explored in this study was the participants' narratives of the body and appearance. It was found that these young people discuss their body and appearance in a way that is very much tied up with larger discourses of beauty and the so-called "obesity epidemic." In addition, the results highlight how most of the participants want something they do not have, which is a different body. Major gender differences were observed, as male participants wanted to be taller and more muscular, while female participants wanted to lose weight. Although gender differences were observed, no major ethnic or linguistic differences were noted in their narratives about the body and appearance. The last area explored in this study was the participants' meanings of fitness. Four major themes emerged from the participants' narratives. Regardless of language or ethnic background, for these youth, fitness meant "being physically active," "a way to stay healthy," "a way to look good" and/or "a disease prevention strategy." Meanings of fitness were gendered with female participants resisting the conventional ideas associated with fitness and male participants appropriating them. While conveying their meanings of fitness, participants generally located themselves at the intersection of complementary dominant discourses (of healthism, beauty, and obesity) and constructed normative gender subjectivities.
Surface characterization of hollow fiber dialysis membranes used in artificial kidney.
Creators: name: Asmanrafat, Mehrdad.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Engineering, Biomedical.

description: The internal and external surfaces of dialysis hollow fiber membranes were characterized by the combination of two techniques, e.g. contact angle measurement (CAM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), aiming at the improvement of membrane biocompatibility. A number of surface properties including surface energy, roughness, pore size, and nodule size were evaluated. CAM studies were carried out by observing the liquid meniscus at the surfaces of hollow fibers. An imaging system equipped with a goniometer protractor and a video camera was developed for this purpose. AFM studies were also conducted at the internal surface of hollow fibers by cutting the fibers at an inclined angle. It was found that the contact angle depended not only on the polymeric material but also on the surface morphology including nodule size and roughness parameters. The theoretical prediction showed that the measured contact angle would be greater than the value intrinsic to the membrane material, and the prediction was confirmed by experimental data. It was also theorized that this behavior was the consequence of the formation of composite structures at the membrane surface.
The Study of the Distribution and Clustering of Tourist Attraction Zones and Facilities in Buriram Province using the DBSCAN Algorithm
Creators: name: Jiravadee Yoyram
Publisher: name: Department of Information Science, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Khon Kaen University
Year: 2024
Subjects: Distribution of tourist attractions
Clustering of tourism zones
DBSCAN algorithm
Data Management
Spatial data

description: Journal of Information Science Research and Practice, 42, 3, 1-18
Regulation of learning and memory by fibroblast growth factor 21
Creators: name: Zhou, Bolu
Publisher: name: University of Iowa
Year: 2022
Subjects: public abstract

description: The liver is an essential organ responding to energy balance challenges by regulating glucose and lipid homeostasis. Hepatokines secreted from the liver are involved in many metabolic functions regulation by acting through multiple peripheral organs and central nervous system (CNS). Altered hepatokines levels and impaired signaling contribute to pathologies of metabolic syndromes, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and related cognitive dysfunctions. FGF21 is one of the endocrine hormones primarily produced from the liver. FGF21 was shown to be important for maintaining energy homeostasis across species and is now a promising therapeutic reagent for treating metabolic syndromes.Circulating FGF21 is mainly produced from the liver and the basal plasma FGF21 level is low unless induced by metabolic challenges including, prolonged fasting, high carbohydrate/fat diet and low protein diet. Additionally, endoplasmic and mitochondria stresses regulate both peripheral and central FGF21 production. Both endogenous and pharmacological FGF21 function as a master regulator of metabolism. FGF21 enhances insulin sensitivity directly through acting on adipose tissues and the brain. FGF21 promotes weight loss in obesity and diabetes models by increasing energy expenditure. Pharmacological FGF21 administration remarkedly decreases liver fat in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) animal models and human patients. Furthermore, multiple studies report FGF21 role in regulating macronutrient intake. For example, FGF21 reduces simple sugar intake and alcohol preferences in animal models by signaling through the CNS (i.e., ventral medial hypothalamus and basal lateral amygdala). Importantly, besides FGF21 functions in metabolism, recent studies suggest FGF21 potential role in neuron protection to alleviate metabolic disease associated cognitive impairment, aging and Alzheimer’s dementia. The work below highlights FGF21 function in memory regulation and the potential mechanism by which FGF21 regulates learning and memory processes. We demonstrate that FGF21 is expressed in the CNS (e.g, retrosplenial cortex), and central FGF21 is important for memory. Additionally, central FGF21 does not regulate energy homeostasis or macronutrient preferences. We also show that pharmacological FGF21 administration improves spatial memory and hippocampus is a potential target where FGF21 signals to regulate learning and memory processes. Altogether, our findings reveal a novel role of FGF21 in regulating learning and memory and mechanisms by which FGF21 facilitates memory formation.
PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway Is Essential for Survival of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Creators: name: Hossini, Amir M.
name: Quast, Annika S.
name: Plötz, Michael
name: Grauel, Katharina
name: Exner, Tarik
name: Küchler, Judit
name: Stachelscheid, Harald
name: Eberle, Jürgen
name: Rabien, Anja
name: Makrantonaki, Evgenia
name: Zouboulis, Christos C.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Apoptosis is a highly conserved biochemical mechanism which is tightly controlled in cells. It contributes to maintenance of tissue homeostasis and normally eliminates highly proliferative cells with malignant properties. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have recently been described with significant functional and morphological similarities to embryonic stem cells. Human iPSCs are of great hope for regenerative medicine due to their broad potential to differentiate into specialized cell types in culture. They may be useful for exploring disease mechanisms and may provide the basis for future cell-based replacement therapies. However, there is only poor insight into iPSCs cell signaling as the regulation of apoptosis. In this study, we focused our attention on the apoptotic response of Alzheimer fibroblast-derived iPSCs and two other Alzheimer free iPSCs to five biologically relevant kinase inhibitors as well as to the death ligand TRAIL. To our knowledge, we are the first to report that the relatively high basal apoptotic rate of iPSCs is strongly suppressed by the pancaspase inhibitor QVD-Oph, thus underlining the dependency on proapoptotic caspase cascades. Furthermore, wortmannin, an inhibitor of phosphoinositid-3 kinase / Akt signaling (PI3K-AKT), dramatically and rapidly induced apoptosis in iPSCs. In contrast, parental fibroblasts as well as iPSC-derived neuronal cells were not responsive. The resulting condensation and fragmentation of DNA and decrease of the membrane potential are typical features of apoptosis. Comparable effects were observed with an AKT inhibitor (MK-2206). Wortmannin resulted in disappearance of phosphorylated AKT and activation of the main effector caspase-3 in iPSCs. These results clearly demonstrate for the first time that PI3K-AKT represents a highly essential survival signaling pathway in iPSCs. The findings provide improved understanding on the underlying mechanisms of apoptosis regulation in iPSCs.
The thermal decomposition of the methoxymethyl and ethyl radicals.
Creators: name: Loucks, Leon F.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1967
Subjects: subject: Chemistry, Organic.

description: The mercury-photosensitized decomposition of dimethyl ether ws investigated from 200° to 300°C and over the pressure range of 3 to 600 mm Hg. Measurements were made of the intial rates of formation of the products of reaction, which are CO, H2, C2H6, CH 4, CH3OC2H5 and CH3OCH 2CH2OCH3. It is concluded that the primary step involves a C-H split; there is no evidence for a primary C-O split. The decomposition of the methoxymethyl radical, generated in the mercury-photosensitized decomposition of dimethyl ether, has been investigated over the temperature range 200 to 300°C and the pressure range 3 to 600 mm Hg. The radical decomposes to give a formaldehyde molecule and a methyl radical. The effects of pressure and temperature on the first-order rate coefficient for the decomposition of the methoxymethyl radical have been examined in detail. As part of the study of the mecury-photosensitized decomposition of dimethyle ether, the combination of methyl radicals has been investigated in the temperature range 200 to 300°C and at pressures between 3 and 300 mm HG. The pressure dependence agrees qualitatively with that observed by others, but occurs at somewhat higher pressures. The results for the mecury-photosensitized decomposition of dimethyl ether have been analzed in order to obtain information about the combination of methyl radicals with methoxymethyl radicals in the temperature range 200 to 300°C and at pressures from 3 to 600 mm Hg. A kinetic study has been made of the pyrolysis of 1,2-dimethoxyethane, CH3OCH2CH2OCH3, using toluene as a radical scavenger. The kinetics of the thermal decompostion of the ethyl radical to give an ethylene molecule and a hydrogen atom was studied over the pressure range of 4 to 650 mm Hg and the temperature range 400 to 500°C; the mecury-photosensitized decomposition of ethane was used to generated the ethyl radical. The results lead to a value of 98.1 kcal. per mole for the bond dissociation energy D(C2H3-H). (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
title: Wissensvermittlung zu Arzneimittelrückständen im Wasser
title: Wissensvermittlung zu Arzneimittelrückständen im Wasser
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Winker, Martina
name: Götz, Konrad
name: Kümmerer, Klaus
Publisher: name: Umweltbundesamt
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Arzneimittel
subject: Kommunikation
subject: Umwelterziehung
subject: Abfallbeseitigung
subject: Apotheke
subject: Leitfaden
subject: Umweltkommunikation
subject: Umweltbildung
subject: Bewusstseinsschärfung
subject: Medikamentenentsorgung
subject: Handbuch
subject: Chemikalien

description: Das Handbuch setzt sich mit der Frage auseinander, warum sowohl Apotheker und Apothekerinnen als auch Studierende der Pharmazie an die Thematik der Arzneimittelrückstände in der Umwelt herangeführt werden sollen und wie dies geschehen kann. Aktuell ist das Thema aber trotz seiner Bedeutung weder in der Fort- und Weiterbildung von Apothekerinnen noch im Pharmaziestudium etabliert. Es gibt nur vereinzelte Aktivitäten einiger weniger Personen, die sich der Thematik bewusst sind. Vor diesem Hintergrund möchte dieses Handbuch Hinweise geben und Anregung sein, wie der Aspekt Arzneimittel in der Umwelt sowohl in der Apothekerfortbildung als auch in der Ausbildung/pharmazeutischen Lehre integriert und didaktisch sowie inhaltlich umgesetzt werden kann. Zudem stellt es die Möglichkeit der Umsetzung einer multimedialen Lernplattform zur unterstützenden Wissensvermittlung vor. Quelle: Umweltbundesamt
description: Das Handbuch setzt sich mit der Frage auseinander, warum sowohl Apotheker und Apothekerinnen als auch Studierende der Pharmazie an die Thematik der Arzneimittelrückstände in der Umwelt herangeführt werden sollen und wie dies geschehen kann. Aktuell ist das Thema aber trotz seiner Bedeutung weder in der Fort- und Weiterbildung von Apothekerinnen noch im Pharmaziestudium etabliert. Es gibt nur vereinzelte Aktivitäten einiger weniger Personen, die sich der Thematik bewusst sind.  Vor diesem Hintergrund möchte dieses Handbuch Hinweise geben und Anregung sein, wie der Aspekt Arzneimittel in der Umwelt sowohl in der Apothekerfortbildung als auch in der Ausbildung/pharmazeutischen Lehre integriert und didaktisch sowie inhaltlich umgesetzt werden kann. Zudem stellt es die Möglichkeit der Umsetzung einer multimedialen Lernplattform zur unterstützenden Wissensvermittlung vor.
Temporally evolving functions of IL-10 and IL-21 in regulating murine anti-plasmodium humoral immunity
Creators: name: Surette, Fionna A.
Publisher: name: University of Iowa
Year: 2022
Subjects: public abstract

description: Despite ongoing efforts to eliminate malaria, Plasmodium infection remains a global health burden with >240 million clinical cases and >620,000 deaths annually. Supporting correlational data from patients, our laboratory has shown that cytokines play critical roles in supporting the germinal center responses that form following Plasmodium yoelii (P. yoelii) infection. My studies focus on the temporal role of IL-10 and IL-21 in the generation of these responses.
description: In my dissertation, I show that CD4+ T cell-derived IL-10 and IL-21 act to support B cell responses during specific time frames. Following infection with P. yoelii, IL-10 acts within the first four days post infection to induce activation of B cells and upregulation of molecules that support stable Tfh-GC B contacts in the germinal center. In line with previous literature, I have shown that IL-21 functions early to support parasite specific antibody responses. Additionally, IL-21 critically functions after the establishment of germinal centers to support the formation of protective memory B cells that are functionally capable of secreting class switched antibody upon lethal challenge. Overall, these results suggest that cytokines act within discrete windows of time to support the development of functional humoral immunity.
description:
High-resolution imaging of phibss z ∼ 2 main-sequence galaxies in co j = 1 → 0
Creators: name: Bolatto, A. D.
name: Warren, S. R.
name: Leroy, A. K.
name: Tacconi, L. J.
name: Bouché, N.
name: Schreiber, N. M. Förster
name: Genzel, R.
name: Cooper, M. C.
name: Fisher, Deanne
name: Combes, F.
name: García-Burillo, S.
name: Burkert, A.
name: Bournaud, F.
name: Weiss, A.
name: Saintonge, A.
name: Wuyts, S.
name: Sternberg, A.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: We present Karl Jansky Very Large Array observations of the CO J = 1 - 0 transition in a sample of four z ∼ 2 main-sequence galaxies. These galaxies are in the blue sequence of star-forming galaxies at their redshift, and are part of the IRAM Plateau de Bure HIgh-z Blue Sequence Survey which imaged them in CO J = 3 - 2. Two galaxies are imaged here at high signal-to-noise, allowing determinations of their disk sizes, line profiles, molecular surface densities, and excitation. Using these and published measurements, we show that the CO and optical disks have similar sizes in main-sequence galaxies, and in the galaxy where we can compare CO J = 1 - 0 and J = 3 - 2 sizes we find these are also very similar. Assuming a Galactic CO-to-H2 conversion, we measure surface densities of Smol ∼ 1200 M⊙ pc-2 in projection and estimate ∑mol ∼ 500-900 M⊙ pc-2 deprojected. Finally, our data yields velocity-integrated Rayleigh-Jeans brightness temperature line ratios r31 that are approximately at unity. In addition to the similar disk sizes, the very similar line profiles in J = 1 - 0 and J = 3 - 2 indicate that both transitions sample the same kinematics, implying that their emission is coextensive. We conclude that in these two main-sequence galaxies there is no evidence for significant excitation gradients or a large molecular reservoir that is diffuse or cold and not involved in active star formation. We suggest that r31 in very actively star-forming galaxies is likely an indicator of how well-mixed the star formation activity and the molecular reservoir are.
Border crossings: The making of German identities in the New World, 1850-1914.
Creators: name: Lorenzkowski, Barbara.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: History, Canadian.

description: Border crossings, in both their literal and figurative sense, are central to the experience of migration. This study explores the making of German identities in two localities, Berlin (Ontario) and Buffalo (New York) in the decades between 1850 and 1914. It is interested less in the construction of ethnic boundaries, and, more so, in the social acts of exchange across them. It argues that out of the conversation between 'German', 'Canadian', and 'American' identities a German public emerged. This public was a malleable entity. At times, its boundaries stretched as far as Germany itself. It also spanned Canada and the United States; for German language, culture, and festivity provided common ground for migrants on both sides of the border. Then, again, the German public seemed to splinter in two, with public conversations on German-ness acquiring a distinct Canadian or American tinge. Although the German public bore a remarkable similarity in both Buffalo and Berlin, grounded as it was in a shared festive culture, the national sphere left its indelible print. The discourse of ethnic contributions that loomed so large in the United States never crossed the border into Canada. In Berlin, ethnic leaders instead sought to de-politicize German culture and to reinforce the idea of dual loyalties. In both countries, the idea of race minimized the distance between 'Anglo-Saxons' and 'Teutons'. Yet in reconciling competing national mythologies, German Canadians highlighted the perceived closeness of the German and British Empires, whereas German Americans deftly appropriated the notion of cultural superiority. While its contours were sketched by ethnic leaders, the German public was, by no means, a unified entity. To capture its motion and fluidity, and to minimize a dependence on cultural gatekeepers, this study turns to the colourful history of the singers' festivals (Sangerfeste)---public celebrations of German music, language, and culture---and seeks to unravel the webs of meaning and experience spun around the history of German-language schooling. In so doing, it finds that, by the early twentieth century, the culture of consumption began to rival German festive culture, while the German mother tongue was refashioned into a language of modernity. The German public, in short, had transformed from a means of communication into a symbol of ethnic identity. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
Verbal Case Clitics in Gorwaa with brief reference to Iraqw
Creators: name: Weiberg-Johansen, Håvard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Languages of Tanzania
subject: Gorwaa
subject: Iraqw
subject: South Cushitic
subject: Cushitic
subject: Morphosyntax
subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: A presentation about verbal case clitics in Gorwaa with brief reference to Iraqw.
description: Note: This talk has not gone through a process of peer review, and findings should therefore be treated as preliminary and subject to change. Acknowledgement and citation: Weiberg-Johansen, Håvard. 2024. Verbal case clitics in Gorwaa with brief reference to Iraqw. Talk given at the Gorwaa Symposium 2023. University of Bayreuth, Germany. 11.07.2024.
title: Writing against an enlisted audience
title: reading war in Sterne, Barbauld, and Hogg
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Swartz, Konrad
Publisher: name: University of Iowa
Year: 2025
Subjects: British Romanticism
Media
War
Wartime
public abstract
Mediation

description: Europe’s Romantic era witnessed the arrival of total war in the form of the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic wars. Under the expansive principles of total war, the Romantic public, scripted by the state’s address, played a novel role in a military campaign’s distant theatre. This dissertation demonstrates not only how extensively the dynamics of reading, attention, and spectatorship are entangled in modern warfare, but how such a thorny entanglement is concurrent with experiments in literary form. In Laurence Sterne’s Tristram Shandy, Anna Letitia Barbauld’s Eighteen Hundred and Eleven, and James Hogg’s The Private Memoirs and Confessions of a Justified Sinner, I read a series of experiments intent on making visible the modern, wartime phenomenon of the enlisted audience. Each text follows a distinct approach in its inventive representation of the enlisted audience, but all stage its behavior such that their readers can register the mechanisms of mediation and recognize the ideological pretenses inherent in the state’s address—be it manifest in the sentiment of an occasional poem, in the calculus of a Fast Day sermon, or in the wartime marshalling of Romantic tradition. By concentrating on these three reflexive experiments, I argue that we can deepen our historical study of mass mediated war and discover new insights into how certain texts, aware of their own status as wartime media, responded to the aesthetic practices that operated on behalf of total war during the eighteenth and early-nineteenth century.
The influence of recent history on the formation of long-term memory templates
Creators: name: Kershner, Ariel
Publisher: name: University of Iowa
Year: 2023
Subjects: categorical cuing
explicit memory
statistical regularities
public abstract

description: In three sets of experiments, I examined how real-world object categories structure the learning of environmental regularities, influencing the long-term memory template that guides visual search. In the first set of experiments, participants learned to associate two colors in each of 42 categories with scene context backgrounds (e.g., red staplers with a classroom scene). Participants then completed a visual search task, searching for these categories when the associations either matched or mismatched the learned associations. The results suggested that the templates were biased towards the properties of the recent exemplars episodically, based on the associations they had learned.
description: In the second set of experiments, participants completed a repeated search task for categories, similar to a contextual cuing paradigm. Half of the categories were Repeated, in which a feature value (e.g., color, orientation, target location) of the target objects was constant for the category, and half were Novel, in which a feature value randomly varied for that category. The resulting effect suggested episodic retrieval of the immediately preceding within-category search episode, but also reflected cumulative learning across all the category searches. Participants were explicitly aware of the category feature value for Repeated categories, even at a point in the experiment where the effect was driven by non-strategic guidance.
description: The final set of experiments carefully investigated simultaneous explicit memory and on-strategic guidance. Participants completed a non-strategic repeated search task for categories, similar to the inter-trial priming literature, in which each category could appear in one of two locations and one of two colors. Inter-trial effects were observed over location repetition. Crossing the location and color manipulations in a category produced four conditions over which to observe changes in the inter-block effects: either feature repeated (Color or Location), both features repeated (Both), or neither feature repeated (Neither). This provided evidence for non-strategic guidance to the last category-general target’s features and the last category-specific target’s features. Memory tests also suggested that the inter-trial effects were based on explicit memory for the last category-general target or category-specific target’s features. Together, this work suggests that recent experience with a category can influence the formation of long-term memory templates both episodically and cumulatively through non-strategic guidance while the features are explicitly available.
Urbanicity and Paediatric Bacteraemia in Ghana - A Case-Control Study within a Rural-Urban Transition Zone
Creators: name: Sothmann, Peter
name: Krumkamp, Ralf
name: Kreuels, Benno
name: Sarpong, Nimako
name: Frank, Clemens
name: Ehlkes, Lutz
name: Fobil, Julius
name: Gyau, Kennedy
name: Jaeger, Anna
name: Bosu, Benedicta
name: Marks, Florian
name: Owusu-Dabo, Ellis
name: Salzberger, Bernd
name: May, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background Systemic bacterial infections are a major cause of paediatric febrile illness in sub-Saharan Africa. Aim of this study was to assess the effects of social and geographical determinants on the risk of bacteraemia in a rural-urban transition zone in Ghana. Methods Children below 15 years of age with fever were recruited at an outpatient department in the suburban belt of Kumasi, Ghana’s second largest city. Blood was taken for bacterial culture and malaria diagnostics. The socio-economic status of participants was calculated using Principle Component Analysis. A scale, based on key urban characteristics, was established to quantify urbanicity for all communities in the hospital catchment area. A case-control analysis was conducted, where children with and without bacteraemia were cases and controls, respectively. Results Bacteraemia was detected in 72 (3.1%) of 2,306 hospital visits. Non- typhoidal Salmonella (NTS; n = 24; 33.3%) and Salmonella typhi (n = 18; 25.0%) were the most common isolates. Logistic regression analysis showed that bacteraemia was negatively associated with urbanicity (odds ratio [OR] = 0.8; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.7–1.0) and socio-economic status (OR = 0.8; 95% CI: 0.6–0.9). Both associations were stronger if only NTS infections were used as cases (OR = 0.5; 95% CI: 0.3–0.8 and OR = 0.6; 95% CI: 0.4–1.0, respectively). Conclusions The results of this study highlight the importance of individual as well as community factors as independent risk factors for invasive bacterial infection (IBI) and especially NTS. Epidemiological data support physicians, public health experts and policy makers to identify disease prevention and treatment needs in order to secure public health in the transitional societies of developing countries.
A new model for the quality of urban places: Integration of objective and subjective indicators using information technologies
Creators: name: Ozbakir, Buket Aysegul
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Geography.
subject: Urban and Regional Planning.

description: Quality of place (QOP) is essential for building a "competitive and livable city" and the competitiveness is determined by the opportunities that the city can provide. Therefore not only physical characteristics of the neighborhoods but also social structure and personal satisfaction about a place are significant in the assessment of QOP. This thesis discusses how to measure the performance of places from different perspectives. Measuring the QOP is a hard task since it involves both objective and subjective dimensions. Most of the research on QOP have focused on either subjective or objective measures and a limited number of efforts have been made in recent years to collect both types of indicators. Hence, the main objective of this research has been to offer a new definition for QOP where both dimensions are integrated and to introduce a new methodology where information technologies such as geographical information systems (GIS) and remote sensing (RS) can be applied to understand the contribution of these two dimensions of QOP. The proposed methodological approach is tested for Montreal as a study case where social, physical and experiential community structural information are analyzed using different sources of data (census, survey, GIS based ancillary data and satellite images). Social structural information is analyzed using census data which help to understand the link between the socio-demographic/economic characteristics and QOP in census tract (CT) at city-wide scale. Then, physical structural information through accessibility to public services and urban land use is analyzed with the help of RS and GIS techniques. In the subjective dimension, survey data are used to explore the experiential community structural information that helps to understand the individual's own perceptions about the QOP where they live. Finally, both of the objective and subjective dimensions are integrated through multi-criteria evaluation (MCE) in a GIS environment. The results indicate that a place may be explained through some objective criteria; however, the situation may be different when the personal evaluations of people living in that area are considered. Thus, the results support that both dimensions are necessary to evaluate the complete picture of QOP. Key words. Quality of Place, Objective and Subjective Dimensions, Community Structures, Remote Sensing, Geographical Information Systems, Transformed Difference Vegetation Index, Spatial Analysis, Principal Component Analysis, Multi-Criteria Evaluation, Montreal.
Characterization of the Asiatic Acid Glucosyltransferase, UGT73AH1, Involved in Asiaticoside Biosynthesis in Centella asiatica (L.) Urban
Creators: name: Kim, Ok Tae
name: Jin, Mei Lan
name: Lee, Dae Young
name: Jetter, Reinhard, 1962-
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Year: 2019

description: Centella asiatica (L.) Urban contains two ursane-type triterpene saponins, asiaticoside and madecassoside, as major secondary metabolites. In order to select candidate genes encoding UDP-glucosyltransferases (UGTs) involved in asiaticoside biosynthesis, we performed transcriptomic analysis of leaves elicited by methyl jasmonate (MeJA). Among the unigenes, 120 isotigs and 13 singletons of unique sequences were annotated as UGTs, including 37 putative full-length cDNAs, and 15 of the putative UGT genes were named according to the UGT committee nomenclature protocols. One of them, UGT73AH1, was characterized by heterologous expression in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) cells. After induction with IPTG, a total protein extract was assayed with UDP-glucose and asiatic acid. UPLC-QTOF/MS analysis showed that UGT73AH1 catalyzes the glycosylation of asiatic acid to its monoglucoside. It remains unclear whether glycosylation occurs on the triterpene C-2α, C-3β, C-23, or C-28 position. However, it is very likely that UGT73AH1 glucosylates the C-28 position, because only C-28 bears a glucose moiety in the final pathway product of asiatic acid, while C-2α, C-3β, and C-23 remain un-conjugated.
Treatment of ongoing autoimmune encephalomyelitis with activated B-cell progenitors maturing into regulatory B cells
Creators: name: Korniotis, Sarantis
name: Gras, Christophe
name: Letscher, Helene
name: Montandon, Ruddy
name: Megret, Jerome
name: Siegert, Stefanie
name: Ezine, Sophie
name: Fallon, Padraic G.
name: Luther, Sanjiv A.
name: Fillatreau, Simon
name: Zavala, Flora
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: The influence of signals perceived by immature B cells during their development in bone marrow on their subsequent functions as mature cells are poorly defined. Here, we show that bone marrow cells transiently stimulated in vivo or in vitro through the Toll-like receptor 9 generate proB cells (CpG- proBs) that interrupt experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) when transferred at the onset of clinical symptoms. Protection requires differentiation of CpG-proBs into mature B cells that home to reactive lymph nodes, where they trap T cells by releasing the CCR7 ligand, CCL19, and to inflamed central nervous system, where they locally limit immunopathogenesis through interleukin-10 production, thereby cooperatively inhibiting ongoing EAE. These data demonstrate that a transient inflammation at the environment, where proB cells develop, is sufficient to confer regulatory functions onto their mature B-cell progeny. In addition, these properties of CpG-proBs open interesting perspectives for cell therapy of autoimmune diseases.
Major policy gaps in Australian telecommunications
Creators: name: Horsley, Allan
name: Gerrand, Peter
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: This article introduces eleven papers published in TJA's May 2011 issue (Vol 61 No 2) on the theme of policy gaps in Australian telecommunications. It provides a historical context for recent telecommunications policy development, and then provides a framework in which the individual papers' identification of policy gaps can be usefully placed.
Bayesian hierarchical modeling and prediction of zero-inflated continuous-valued data using two environmental-monitoring networks
Creators: name: Liebrecht, Alex
Publisher: name: University of Iowa
Year: 2023
Subjects: Bayesian
Environmental
Spatial
Temporal
Zero-Inflated
public abstract

description: The National Weather Service (NWS) of the United States gathers and catalogues precipitation data at many sites across the country. The civilian-run complement for gathering precipitation data is known as the Community Collaborative Rain, Hail \& Snow Network (CoCoRaHS). The CoCoRaHS network provides many more locations of precipitation data than the NWS; yet, CoCoRaHS having data come from a different environmental monitering network may have different bias and variability compared to NWS. The two data sets are similar in the way that they both have zero inflation and atypical correlation structure due to the edge of precipitation storms. Using the data provided by CoCoRaHS and NWS in the midwest region of the United States, we present a statistical analysis that has several main goals --- we determine the helpfulness of the citizen based data. We propose a model for estimation and prediction of precipitation including the zero-inflated data in addition to determining the proportion of observed positive values that are necessary in order for model fitting to be effective. Furthermore, we accomplish all of these goals while developing computationally-efficient model fitting-strategies.The data was analyzed in a Bayesian framework using a Gaussian Markov random field (GMRF) spatial model with a zero-inflated Tobit likelihood. After constructing a spatial model, a spatio-temporal model was created using an intrinsic Gaussian Markov random field (IGMRF). Finally, we conclude with a spatio-temporal model for monthly average rainfall that includes a seasonal precision structure. The metrics we used to assess ``best” model was predictive coverage, credible set width, mean squared predictive error, efficient LOO-CV, and WAIC.
Cyanotoxins associated with macrophytes in Berlin (Germany) water bodies - occurrence and risk assessment
Creators: name: Fastner, Jutta
name: Teikari, Jonna
name: Hoffmann, Anja
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Blaualgen
Makrophyten
Risikoanalyse
Vergiftung

description: Fatal dog poisoning after uptake of neurotoxic cyanobacteria associated with aquatic macrophytes in Tegeler See (Berlin, Germany) raised concerns about critical exposure of humans, especially children, to cyanotoxins produced by macrophyte associated cyanobacteria during recreational activity. From 2017 to 2021 a total of 398 samples of macrophytes washed ashore at bathing sites located at 19 Berlin lakes were analysed for anatoxins, microcystins, and cylindrospermopsins, as were 463 water samples taken in direct proximity to macrophyte accumulations. Cyanotoxins were detected in 66 % of macrophyte samples and 50 % of water samples, with anatoxins being the most frequently detected toxin group in macrophyte samples (58 %) and cylindrospermopsins in water samples (41 %). Microcoleus sp. associated with the water moss Fontinalis antipyretica was identified as anatoxin producing cyanobacterium in isolated strains as well as in field samples from Tegeler See. Anatoxin contents in macrophyte samples rarely exceeded 1 (micro)g/g macrophyte fresh weight and peaked at 9. 2 (micro)g/g f.w. Based on established toxicological points of departure, a critical anatoxin content of macrophyte samples of 3 (micro)g/g f.w. is proposed. Five samples, all taken in Tegeler See and all associated with the water moss Fontinalis antipyretica, exceeded this value. Contents and concentrations of microcystins and cylindrospermopsins did not reach critical levels. The potential exposure risks to anatoxins for children and dogs are assessed and recommendations are given. © 2022 The Authors
Social competence and sexual aggression: Social intelligence, cognitive distortions, and victim empathy in men who sexually offend against children
Creators: name: Moulden, Heather M
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Psychology, Social.
subject: Psychology, Clinical.
subject: Psychology, Cognitive.

description: Social functioning deficits have long been implicated in explanations for sexual abuse. Historically, this understanding has been rooted in research findings, which differentiate child molesters from nonsexual offenders on constructs such as social skills, empathy, and cognitive distortions. The goal of the current study was to examine how these various indicators of social functioning are combined to explain sexual aggression in child molesters. To this end, a model of general aggression in non offenders was adapted and tested to explain sexual and general aggression child molesters. Specifically, it was proposed that poor social intelligence contributes to negative attitudes and beliefs about sexual contact with children (i.e. cognitive distortions), which inhibits capacity for victim specific empathy responses, which in turn leads to sexually aggressive behaviour. Participants were incarcerated men who had been convicted of a sexual offence against a child (N = 122) and men who may or may not be incarcerated, but have never admitted to, been charged with, or convicted of a sexual offence ( N = 61). As predicted, child molesters (relative to non child molesters) reported poorer social intelligence, victim specific and general empathy deficits, and greater cognitive distortions about sexual contact with children. Although these factors were not predictive of sexual aggression, general empathy accounted for significant variance in the prediction of general aggression in child molesters. Interestingly, cognitive distortions made virtually no direct contribution to aggression. However, support was found for a negative influence of cognitive distortions on general empathy, which was then negatively related to general aggression. The results of this study were found after controlling for a number of confounding variables, which suggests that social competency factors are relevant over and above demographic and criminal history factors in understanding aggression in child molesters. This study demonstrates the importance of integrating independent factors into a testable model, has implications for etiological theories, and contributes to understanding the complex role of social functioning factors in aggression.
Affective and Self-Presentational Responses to an Exercise Identity Challenge: Investigating Identity Theory and the Role of the Other
Creators: name: Stadig, Gwenyth S
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Health Sciences, Recreation.

description: According to Identity Theory (IT), identity-inconsistent feedback is associated with negative affect and motivation to change the situation to match identity. Responses to identity-relevant feedback from others remains an understudied IT tenet. The affective and self-presentational responses of high-identity exercisers provided with identity confirming or disconfirming feedback in the presence of another person were examined in a randomized experiment. MANCOVA procedures revealed that compared to confirmed individuals, disconfirmed individuals demonstrated greater negative affect, desire to self-present, and attempts to self-present. Regression analyses determined that among disconfirmed individuals, satisfaction with self-presentation was negatively related to negative affect. Findings support IT predictions. KEYWORDS: identity; Identity Theory; affect; role of the other; public; self-presentation; MANCOVA; bivariate regression