cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Generalization of group-theoretic coherent states for variational calculations
Creators: name: Guaita, Tommaso
name: Hackl, Lucas
name: Shi, Tao
name: Demler, Eugene
name: Cirac, J. Ignacio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce new families of pure quantum states that are constructed on top of the well-known Gilmore-Perelomov group-theoretic coherent states. We do this by constructing unitaries as the exponential of operators quadratic in Cartan subalgebra elements and by applying these unitaries to regular group-theoretic coherent states. This enables us to generate entanglement not found in the coherent states themselves, while retaining many of their desirable properties. Most importantly, we explain how the expectation values of physical observables can be evaluated efficiently. Examples include generalized spin-coherent states and generalized Gaussian states, but our construction can be applied to any Lie group represented on the Hilbert space of a quantum system. We comment on their applicability as variational families in condensed matter physics and quantum information.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure
1997 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE SOUTHEASTERN MINNESOTA FARM BUSINESS MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION
Creators: name: Olson, Kent D.
name: Westman, Lorin L.
name: Nordquist, Dale W.
name: Olson, Kent D.
name: Westman, Lorin L.
name: Nordquist, Dale W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Farm Management

description: In the Southeastern Association the average net farm income in 1997 was $73,311 for the 64 farms included in this report. This was an increase of 8.5% from 1996. The increase is due to replenishment of inventories which had been depleted in 1996. Total cash farm expenses increased 7%. The 1997 net farm income is the highest on record. When adjusted by the Consumer Price Index (to provide a constant dollar or buying power comparison), the average 1997 profit is exceeded only in 1990 and 1995. (This accrual net farm income measure is calculated by subtracting cash farm expenses and depreciation from total cash farm income and adjusting the difference for changes in other capital and inventory items.) After subtracting an opportunity cost for equity capital, labor and management earnings follow a similar but lower pattern. As in previous years, the actual profit levels experienced by individual farms vary greatly from the overall average. The high 20% of these farms had an average net farm income of $224,511 in 1997; the low 20%, -$9,061. The is an increase for the high group; a decrease for the low group. Average gross cash farm income in 1997 was $294,687 for all 64 farms. This was a 1% increase from 1996. Three sources of sales made up 72% of total income in 1997: milk, corn and soybeans. Compared to 1996, soybean sales increased by $14,760; beef finishing sales, by $3,202. Milk sales decreased by $10,939; corn sales, by $8,561; hog sales by $7,912. Government payments (of all types) doubled from an average of $6,412 in 1996 to $12,907 in 1997. Government payments were 4% of total income in 1997. Average total cash expenses were $225,501 in 1997. This is an increase of 1% from the 1996 average. As a percentage of both cash expenses and depreciation, feed expenses were 17% in 1996, down from 19% in 1996. Seed, fertilizer, and crop chemicals were steady at 19% of the total. Interest expense was 8% of the total. Both the rate of return on assets (ROA) and the rate of return to equity (ROE) increased from 1996. ROE was slightly higher than ROA indicating that debt capital was earning more than it was costing. Average total equity (of the sole proprietors) was $422,379 at the end of 1997, an increase of $34,933 during the year. (Assets were valued on a cost basis.) After a decline during 1993, average equity has improved steadily since 1986. At the end of 1997, the average debt-asset ratio was up slightly to 37%. The report provides additional information on profitability, liquidity, and solvency as well as other whole-farm information and detailed information on crop and livestock enterprises. Also reported are whole- farm financial condition and performance by county, sales size class, and type of farm.
title: Aufgenommen – abgewiesen. Juden auf der Flucht aus Italien während des Zweiten Weltkrieges: neue Daten und Analysen
Creators: name: Bazzocco, Adriano
Publisher: name: Diplomatische Dokumente der Schweiz (Dodis)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 6.1
subject: FOS: History and archaeology

description: Saggi di Dodis 4 (2022/4)
description: Die Debatte über die Arbeit der Bergier-Kommission wurde von der Frage der zurückgewiesenen jüdischen Flüchtlinge beherrscht. Gemäss dem Schlussbericht der Kommission wurden während des Zweiten Weltkriegs mehr als 20 000 zivile Flüchtlinge, ein grosser Teil davon Juden, abgewiesen. Mehr als die Hälfte der Rückweisungen erfolgten im Tessin und im Misox. Im vorliegenden Artikel wird anhand einer Überprüfung und Ergänzung des Quellenkorpus gezeigt, dass die Zurückweisungen im Tessin und Misox hauptsächlich italienische Militärangehörige betrafen. Anhand von Quervergleichen mit zusätzlichen Statistiken ergibt sich für die südliche Grenze eine Zahl von höchstens 745 zurückgewiesenen Juden. Das bedeutet, dass an der Grenze zu Italien deutlich weniger Juden zurückgewiesen wurden als bisher angenommen.
description: The debate on the work of the Bergier Commission was dominated by the question of the rejection Jewish refugees. According to the commission’s final report, more than 20 000 civilian refugees, a large number of them Jews, were turned away during the Second World War. In this article, a review and supplementation of the documentary corpus shows that the repatriations in Ticino and Mesolcina mainly concerned Italian military personnel. Based on cross-comparisons with additional statistics, a figure of no more than 745 rejected Jews is obtained for the southern border. This means that significantly fewer Jews were turned back at the border with Italy than what had previously been assumed.
Detection of isotropic cosmic birefringence and its implications for axion-like particles including dark energy
Creators: name: Fujita, Tomohiro
name: Murai, Kai
name: Nakatsuka, Hiromasa
name: Tsujikawa, Shinji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the possibility that axion-like particles (ALPs) with various potentials account for the isotropic birefringence recently reported by analyzing the Planck 2018 polarization data. For the quadratic and cosine potentials, we obtain lower bounds on the mass, coupling constant to photon $g$, abundance and equation of state of the ALP to produce the observed birefringence. Especially when the ALP is responsible for dark energy, it is possible to probe the tiny deviation of dark energy equation of state from $-1$ through the cosmic birefringence. We also explore ALPs working as early dark energy (EDE), which alleviates the Hubble tension problem. Since the other parameters are limited by the EDE requirements, we narrow down the ALP-photon coupling to $10^{-19}\, {\rm GeV}^{-1}\lesssim g\lesssim 10^{-16}\, {\rm GeV}^{-1}$ for the decay constant $f=M_\mathrm{pl}$. Therefore, the Hubble tension and the isotropic birefringence imply that $g$ is typically the order of $f^{-1}$, which is a non-trivial coincidence.
description: 19pages, 7 figures, typos corrected
A search for hot massive extrasolar planets around nearby young stars with the adaptive optics system NACO
Creators: name: Masciadri, E.
name: Mundt, R.
name: Henning, Th.
name: Alvarez, C.
name: Navascues, D. Barrado y
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a survey devoted for the search of exo-planets around young and nearby stars carried out with NACO at the VLT. The detection limit for 28 among the best available targets vs. the angular separation from the star is presented. The non-detection of any planetary mass companion in our survey is used to derive, for the first time, the frequency of the upper limit of the projected separation planet-stars. In particular, we find that in 50 % of cases, no 5 MJ planet (or more massive) has been detected at projected separations larger than 14 AU and no 10 MJ planet (or more massive) has been detected at projected separations larger than 8.5 AU. In 100 % of cases, these values increase to 36 AU and 65 AU respectively. The excellent sensitivity reached by our study leads to a much lower upper limit of the projected planet-star separation compared with previous studies. For example, for the Beta Pictoris group, (~ 12 Myr), we did not detect any 10 MJ planet at distances larger than 15 AU. A previous study carried out with 4 m class telescopes put an upper limit for 10 MJ planets at ~ 60 AU. For our closest target (V 2306 Oph - d = 4.3 pc) it is shown that it would be possible to detect a 10 MJ planet at a minimum projected separation from the star of 1 AU and a 5 MJ planet at a minimum projected separation of 3.7 AU. Our results are discussed with respect to mechanisms explaining planet formation and migration and to forthcoming observational strategies and future planet finder observations from the ground.
description: 35 pages, 10 figures, pdf file, ApJ, accepted, see also http://www.mpia.de/homes/masciadr
Huber, Wolfgang; Tödt, Heinz Eduard: Menschenrechte
Creators: name: Grohs, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 26 Nr. 3 (1977): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 26, Heft 3
MICROECONOMICS OF TECHNOLOGY AND THE AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT MIX
Creators: name: Abel, Martin E.
name: Welsch, Delane E.
name: Abel, Martin E.
name: Welsch, Delane E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1974
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: In this chapter we demonstrate how the allocation of research resources among commodities and the effects of such allocations on the output mix depend upon (a) the initial production conditions, (b) the nature of the research production functions, (c) the nature of the demand relations for the commodity outputs, and (d) relative factor endowments. The basic model used is a two-factor, two-product model in which certain types of technical change are introduced.
TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT AS A FRAMEWORK OF ANALYSIS FOR AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGIES (EVALUATION OF A PILOT PROJECT ON CORN TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT)
Creators: name: Sundquist, W. Burt
name: Menz, Kenneth M.
name: Neumeyer, Catherine F.
name: Sundquist, W. Burt
name: Menz, Kenneth M.
name: Neumeyer, Catherine F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1982
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: The objective of this paper is to evaluate the Corn Technology Assessment project from the viewpoint of its being a pilot project of the broader-type of commodity-specific technology assessment. More specifically, the discussion will center on : a definition of TA; objectives of the TA; delineation of production systems (by commodity or by technology); a framework of analysis; and the process of identifying specific technologies.
A Poisson multi-Bernoulli mixture filter for coexisting point and extended targets
Creators: name: García-Fernández, Ángel F.
name: Williams, Jason L.
name: Svensson, Lennart
name: Xia, Yuxuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper proposes a Poisson multi-Bernoulli mixture (PMBM) filter for coexisting point and extended targets, i.e., for scenarios where there may be simultaneous point and extended targets. The PMBM filter provides a recursion to compute the multi-target filtering posterior based on probabilistic information on data associations, and single-target predictions and updates. In this paper, we first derive the PMBM filter update for a generalised measurement model, which can include measurements originated from point and extended targets. Second, we propose a single-target space that accommodates both point and extended targets and derive the filtering recursion that propagates Gaussian densities for point targets and gamma Gaussian inverse Wishart densities for extended targets. As a computationally efficient approximation of the PMBM filter, we also develop a Poisson multi-Bernoulli (PMB) filter for coexisting point and extended targets. The resulting filters are analysed via numerical simulations.
description: Matlab files can be found at https://github.com/Agarciafernandez/Coexisting-point-extended-target-PMBM-filter and https://github.com/yuhsuansia/Coexisting-point-extended-target-PMBM-filter. A relevant multi-object tracking course can be found at https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCa2-fpj6AV8T6JK1uTRuFpw
Incorporating Symbolic Domain Knowledge into Graph Neural Networks
Creators: name: Dash, Tirtharaj
name: Srinivasan, Ashwin
name: Vig, Lovekesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Our interest is in scientific problems with the following characteristics: (1) Data are naturally represented as graphs; (2) The amount of data available is typically small; and (3) There is significant domain-knowledge, usually expressed in some symbolic form. These kinds of problems have been addressed effectively in the past by Inductive Logic Programming (ILP), by virtue of 2 important characteristics: (a) The use of a representation language that easily captures the relation encoded in graph-structured data, and (b) The inclusion of prior information encoded as domain-specific relations, that can alleviate problems of data scarcity, and construct new relations. Recent advances have seen the emergence of deep neural networks specifically developed for graph-structured data (Graph-based Neural Networks, or GNNs). While GNNs have been shown to be able to handle graph-structured data, less has been done to investigate the inclusion of domain-knowledge. Here we investigate this aspect of GNNs empirically by employing an operation we term "vertex-enrichment" and denote the corresponding GNNs as "VEGNNs". Using over 70 real-world datasets and substantial amounts of symbolic domain-knowledge, we examine the result of vertex-enrichment across 5 different variants of GNNs. Our results provide support for the following: (a) Inclusion of domain-knowledge by vertex-enrichment can significantly improve the performance of a GNN. That is, the performance VEGNNs is significantly better than GNNs across all GNN variants; (b) The inclusion of domain-specific relations constructed using ILP improves the performance of VEGNNs, across all GNN variants. Taken together, the results provide evidence that it is possible to incorporate symbolic domain knowledge into a GNN, and that ILP can play an important role in providing high-level relationships that are not easily discovered by a GNN.
description: Accepted in Machine Learning Journal (MLJ)
U.S. Honey Supply Chain: Structural Change, Promotions and the China Connection
Creators: name: Ward, Ronald W.
name: Boynton, Bruce
Publisher: name: CentMA
Year: 2010
Subjects: honey; demand; imports; generic promotions

description: Honey is a by-product of the pollination of plants and essential to almost all agricultural plant product. Demand for honey provides a partial compensation for the pollination services. Hence, programs to support honey demand such as promotions are potentially very important to the agricultural sector as well as the honey industry. Honey is utilized for table consumption and for manufacturing and both U.S. domestic and foreign honey imports both contribute to the U.S. honey availability. Econometric models are estimated showing the domestic table-use and manufacturing demand with the models explicitly incorporating the effects of generic promotion of honey. Rates-of-return to the U.S. honey promotion programs are estimated with rates assigned to domestic production and imports.
description: International Journal on Food System Dynamics, Vol 1, No 1 (2010)
Data-driven model reduction of agent-based systems using the Koopman generator
Creators: name: Niemann, Jan-Hendrik
name: Klus, Stefan
name: Schütte, Christof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The dynamical behavior of social systems can be described by agent-based models. Although single agents follow easily explainable rules, complex time-evolving patterns emerge due to their interaction. The simulation and analysis of such agent-based models, however, is often prohibitively time-consuming if the number of agents is large. In this paper, we show how Koopman operator theory can be used to derive reduced models of agent-based systems using only simulation data. Our goal is to learn coarse-grained models and to represent the reduced dynamics by ordinary or stochastic differential equations. The new variables are, for instance, aggregated state variables of the agent-based model, modeling the collective behavior of larger groups or the entire population. Using benchmark problems with known coarse-grained models, we demonstrate that the obtained reduced systems are in good agreement with the analytical results, provided that the numbers of agents is sufficiently large.
Quantum Black Holes: Entropy and Entanglement on the Horizon
Creators: name: Livine, Etera R.
name: Terno, Daniel R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We are interested in black holes in Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG). We study the simple model of static black holes: the horizon is made of a given number of identical elementary surfaces and these small surfaces all behaves as a spin-s system accordingly to LQG. The chosen spin-s defines the area unit or area resolution, which the observer uses to probe the space(time) geometry. For s=1/2, we are actually dealing with the qubit model, where the horizon is made of a certain number of qubits. In this context, we compute the black hole entropy and show that the factor in front of the logarithmic correction to the entropy formula is independent of the unit s. We also compute the entanglement between parts of the horizon. We show that these correlations between parts of the horizon are directly responsible for the asymptotic logarithmic corrections. This leads us to speculate on a relation between the evaporation process and the entanglement between a pair of qubits and the rest of the horizon. Finally, we introduce a concept of renormalisation of areas in LQG.
description: Revtex4, 25 pages, 4 figures
Observing Dynamical Quantum Phase Transitions through Quasilocal String Operators
Creators: name: Bandyopadhyay, Souvik
name: Polkovnikov, Anatoli
name: Dutta, Amit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze signatures of the dynamical quantum phase transitions in physical observables. In particular, we show that both the expectation value and various out of time order correlation functions of the finite length product or string operators develop cusp singularities following quench protocols, which become sharper and sharper as the string length increases. We illustrated our ideas analyzing both integrable and nonintegrable one-dimensional Ising models showing that these transitions are robust both to the details of the model and to the choice of the initial state.
description: 14 pages, 8 captioned figures. Title changed and supplementary added
Benefits of bilateral participation in cooperative advertising
Creators: name: Jihua Zhang
name: Bintong Chen
name: Jinxing Xie
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Unilateral participation in cooperative (co-op) advertising is popular in practice, and has been studied extensively in the literature. In this article, however, we show that this method is generally not able to coordinate the distribution channel. Instead, we propose a bilateral participation co-op advertisement system for a one-manufacturer, multiretailer distribution channel, where the manufacturer’s national advertising expense is shared by the retailers, and show that the bilateral participation system is capable of coordinating the distribution channel under a very general channel structure and sales response function that can lead to a Pareto improvement over any unilateral participation system. The benefits of adopting bilateral participation over unilateral participation in co-op advertising are then quantified under a commonly used additive sales response function with considerations of the scaling effects of the number of retailers and the stealing/spillover effects among retailers. Finally, we examine cases in which channel members’ participation rates and pricing are endogenously determined. In these cases, bilateral participation no longer coordinates the channel; nonetheless, it leads to significantly higher channel profit than does unilateral participation.
Calculation of the Casimir Force between Similar and Dissimilar Metal Plates at Finite Temperature
Creators: name: Bentsen, V. S.
name: Herikstad, R.
name: Skriudalen, S.
name: Brevik, I.
name: Høye, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Casimir pressure is calculated between parallel metal plates, containing the materials Au, Cu, or Al. Our motivation for making this calculation is the need of comparing theoretical predictions, based on the Lifshitz formula, with experiments that are becoming gradually more accurate. In particular, the finite temperature correction is considered, in view of the recent discussion in the literature on this point. A special attention is given to the case where the difference between the Casimir pressures at two different temperatures, T=300 K and T=350 K, is involved. This seems to be a case that will be experimentally attainable in the near future, and it will be a critical test of the temperature correction.
description: 23 latex pages, 12 figures. Introductory section expanded, 4 new references. To appear in J. Phys. A: Math. Gen
GATT AND THE ENVIRONMENT: POLICY RESEARCH NEEDS
Creators: name: Harold, Courtney
name: Runge, C. Ford
name: Harold, Courtney
name: Runge, C. Ford
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
International Relations/Trade

description: This paper is a brief review of current problems in which trade and environmental issues intersect. After a statement of these problems, it focuses on some recent empirical research and future research needs of special relevance to agricultural economists.
Efficient resummation of high post-Newtonian contributions to the binding energy
Creators: name: Foffa, Stefano
name: Sturani, Riccardo
name: Bobadilla, William J. Torres
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A factorisation property of Feynman diagrams in the context the Effective Field Theory approach to the compact binary problem has been recently employed to efficiently determine the static sector of the potential at fifth post-Newtonian (5PN) order. We extend this procedure to the case of non-static diagrams and we use it to fix, by means of elementary algebraic manipulations, the value of more than one thousand diagrams at 5PN order, that is a substantial fraction of the diagrams needed to fully determine the dynamics at 5PN. This procedure addresses the redundancy problem that plagues the computation of the binding energy with respect to more "efficient" observables like the scattering angle, thus making the EFT approach in harmonic gauge at least as scalable as the others methods.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures. In v3: Section 2 expanded. Published on JHEP
Energy system model parameters
Creators: name: Klemm, Christian
name: Budde, Janik
name: Becker, Gregor
name: Tockloth, Jan N.
name: Vennemann, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: energy system
multi-energy system
energy system modeling
urban energy system

description: This document contains explanations of the energy system model structure, as well as considered model parameters of the following study: “Model-based run-time and memory optimization for a mixed-use multi-energy system model with high spatial resolution”
 The development of this document is an ongoing process and was initiated for the creation of an energy system model within the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)-funded project “RessourcenPlan im Quartier (R2Q)”. Accordingly, some structural elements and model parameters were adopted, others were updated.
Dynamical Soft-Wall AdS/QCD
Creators: name: Batell, Brian
name: Gherghetta, Tony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a solution of the five-dimensional gravity-dilaton-tachyon equations of motion with a pure AdS_5 metric and a quadratic dilaton and linear tachyon in conformal coordinates. This leads to an infrared soft wall model where the dilaton profile gives rise to linear Regge trajectories for the four-dimensional mass spectrum of the dual gauge theory. Even though our approach is phenomenological the scalar fields resemble the dilaton and the closed string tachyon of a non-critical string theory. Interestingly, the linear tachyon has the correct profile to imply that chiral symmetry is not restored for highly excited states. Our solution thus provides a dynamical bottom-up model of linear confinement in holographic QCD.
description: 9 pages; v2: references added, minor corrections
Energy system model parameters
Creators: name: Christian Klemm
name: Janik Budde
name: Gregor Becker
name: Jan N. Tockloth
name: Peter Vennemann
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: energy system
multi-energy system
energy system modeling
urban energy system

description: This document contains explanations of the energy system model structure, as well as considered model parameters of the following study: "Energy system modeling for a medium sized neighborhood with focus on heat supply"The development of this document is an ongoing process and was initiated for the creation of an energy system model within the  German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)-funded project "RessourcenPlan im Quartier (R2Q)". Accordingly, some structural elements and model parameters were adopted, others were updated.
How to read between the lines of electronic spectra: the diagnostics of fluctuations in strongly correlated electron systems
Creators: name: Schäfer, T.
name: Toschi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While calculations and measurements of single-particle spectral properties often offer the most direct route to study correlated electron systems, the underlying physics may remain quite elusive, if information at higher particle levels is not explicitly included. Here, we present a comprehensive overview of the different approaches which have been recently developed and applied to identify the dominant two-particle scattering processes controlling the shape of the one-particle spectral functions and, in some cases, of the physical response of the system. In particular, we will discuss the underlying general idea, the common threads and the specific peculiarities of all the proposed approaches. While all of them rely on a selective analysis of the Schwinger-Dyson (or the Bethe-Salpeter) equation, the methodological differences originate from the specific two-particle vertex functions to be computed and decomposed. Finally, we illustrate the potential strength of these methodologies by means of their applications the two-dimensional Hubbard model, and we provide an outlook over the future perspective and developments of this route for understanding the physics of correlated electrons.
description: 20 pages, 17 figures
Singular length dependence of critical current in SNS bridges
Creators: name: Levchenko, Alex
name: Kamenev, Alex
name: Glazman, Leonid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine dependence of the critical Josephson current on the length L of the normal bridge N between two bulk superconductors. This dependence turns out to be nonanalytic at small L. The nonanalyticity originates from the contribution of extended quasiparticle states with energies well above the superconducting gap. This should be contrasted with the more familiar contribution to the Josephson current coming from Andreev bound states localized in the normal region at energies below the gap.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
STOCK UNCERTAINTY IN RENEWABLE RESOURCE THEORY: THE EXPLOITATION OF AQUIFERS OF UNKNOWN SIZE
Creators: name: Tsur, Yacov
name: Tsur, Yacov
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1992
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: The theory of stock uncertainty in the utilization of exhaustible resources is extended to renewable groundwater resources. A complete characterization of the exploitation process is presented, paying special attention to the formulation of the trasversality conditions. Exploration activities are incorporated and fit smoothly within the framework of analysis. Extensions to other renewable situations are outlined.
Massive Protostars in the Infrared Dark Cloud MSXDC G034.43+00.24
Creators: name: Rathborne, J. M.
name: Jackson, J. M.
name: Chambers, E. T.
name: Simon, R.
name: Shipman, R.
name: Frieswijk, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a multiwavelength study of the infrared dark cloud MSXDC G034.43+00.24. Dust emission, traced by millimeter/submillimeter images obtained with the IRAM, JCMT, and CSO telescopes, reveals three compact cores within this infrared dark cloud with masses of 170--800 Msun and sizes < 0.5 pc. Spitzer 3.6-8.0 um images show slightly extended emission toward these cores, with a spectral enhancement at 4.5 um that probably arises from shocked H2. In addition, the broad line widths (Delta V ~ 10 km/s) of HCN (4-3), and CS (3-2), and the detection of SiO (2-1), observed with the JCMT and IRAM telescopes, also indicate active star formation. Spitzer 24 um images reveal that each of these cores contains a bright, unresolved continuum source; these sources are most likely embedded protostars. Their millimeter to mid-IR continuum spectral energy distributions reveal very high luminosities, 9000-32,000 Lsun. Because such large luminosities cannot arise from low-mass protostars, MSXDC G034.43+00.24 is actively forming massive (~ 10 Msun) stars.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures (1 colour), accepted ApJL
Generators of D-modules in positive characteristic
Creators: name: Alvarez-Montaner, Josep
name: Blickle, Manuel
name: Lyubeznik, Gennady
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13N10

description: Let R be either a polynomial or a formal power series ring in a finite number of variables over a field k of characteristic p > 0 and let D be the ring of klinear differential operators of R. In this paper we prove that if f is a non-zero element of R then R[1/f], obtained from R by inverting f, is generated as a D-module by 1/f . This is very much in contrast to the characteristic zero situation where the corresponding statement is false (there the generation is governed by the roots of the Bernstein polynomial of f). In fact we prove analogs of the above result for a considerably wider class of rings R and a considerably wider class of D-modules.
description: 15 pages. combines and extends the results of math.AC/0407464 and math.AC/0408124. to appear in Mathematical Research Letters
Energy system model parameters
Creators: name: Christian Klemm
name: Janik Budde
name: Gregor Becker
name: Jan N. Tockloth
name: Peter Vennemann
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: energy system
multi-energy system
energy system modeling
urban energy system

description: This document contains explanations of the energy system model structure, as well as considered model parameters of the following study: "Potential-Risk and No-Regret Options for Urban Energy System Design - A Sensitivity Analysis". The development of this document is an ongoing process and was initiated for the creation of an energy system model within the  German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)-funded project "RessourcenPlan im Quartier (R2Q)". Accordingly, some structural elements and model parameters were adopted, others were updated.
Ionic-strength and pH dependent reactivities of ascorbic acid toward ozone in aqueous micro-droplets studied by aerosol optical tweezers
Creators: name: Chang, Yuan-Pin
name: Wu, Shan-Jung
name: Lin, Min-Sian
name: Chiang, Che-Yu
name: Huang, Genin Gary
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The heterogeneous oxidation reaction of single aqueous ascorbic acid (AH$_2$) aerosol particles with gas-phase ozone was investigated in this study utilizing aerosol optical tweezers with Raman spectroscopy. The measured liquid-phase bimolecular rate coefficients of the AH$_2$ + O$_3$ reaction exhibit a significant pH dependence, and the corresponding values at ionic strength 0.2 M are $(3.1 \pm 2.0) \times 10^5$ M$^{-1}$s$^{-1}$ and $(1.2 \pm 0.6) \times 10^7$ M$^{-1}$s$^{-1}$ for pH $\approx$ 2 and 6, respectively. These results measured in micron-sized droplets agree with those from previous bulk measurements, indicating that the observed aerosol reaction kinetics can be solely explained by liquid phase diffusion and AH$_2$ + O$_3$ reaction. Furthermore, the results indicate that high ionic strengths could enhance the liquid-phase rate coefficients of the AH$_2$ + O$_3$ reaction. The results also exhibit a negative ozone pressure dependence that can be rationalized in terms of a Langmuir-Hinshelwood type mechanism for the heterogeneous oxidation of AH$_2$ aerosol particles by gas-phase ozone. The results of the present work imply that in acidified airway-lining fluids the antioxidant ability of AH$_2$ against atmospheric ozone will be significantly suppressed.
Fermion Masses and Mixing from Double Cover and Metaplectic Cover of $A_5$ Modular Group
Creators: name: Yao, Chang-Yuan
name: Liu, Xiang-Gan
name: Ding, Gui-Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a comprehensive study of the homogeneous finite modular group $A'_5$ which is the double covering of $A_5$. The integral weight and level 5 modular forms have been constructed up to weight 6 and they are decomposed into the irreducible representations of $A'_5$. Then we perform a systematical analysis of the $A'_5$ modular models for lepton masses and mixing. The phenomenologically viable models with minimal number of free parameters and the results of fit are presented. We find out 15 models with 9 real free parameters which can accommodate the experimental data of lepton sector. After including generalized CP symmetry, 9 viable models with 7 free parameters are found out. We apply $A'_5$ modular symmetry to the quark sector, and a quark-lepton unification model is given. The framework of modular invariance is extended to include the rational weight modular forms of level 5. The ring of modular forms at level 5 can be generated by two algebraically independent weight $1/5$ modular forms denoted by $F_1(τ)$ and $F_2(τ)$. We give the expressions of the rational weight modular forms of level 5 up to weight $3$ and arrange them into the irreducible multiplets of finite metaplectic group $\widetildeΓ_5\cong A'_5\times Z_5$. A neutrino mass model with $\widetildeΓ_5$ modular symmetry is presented, and the phenomenological predictions of the model are analyzed numerically.
description: 63 pages, 2 figures
title: Gamification and growth in high school English language arts
Creators: name: Chapman, Kimberley L.
Publisher: name: Electronic version published by Vancouver Island University
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Gamification
subject: Language arts

description: Game-Based Learning (GBL) and Gamification are increasingly popular strategies to engage and motivate young people in learning. Gamification, which is the use of game elements in an educational setting, can mean the implementation of a variety of different strategies. These strategies can foster motivation that is intrinsic, extrinsic, or both. This Project addresses the Critical Challenge Question (CCQ): How can high school English teachers incorporate gamification into their practice with the goal of increasing student motivation and competency-based growth? I have sought to explore the way in which motivation, growth mindset, standards-based assessment, and gamification can intersect. My assessment strategies engage in British Columbia’s curriculum redesign, and focus on Curricular Competencies. The Project resulted in a redesign for my New Media and Composition 10 course, along with a WordPress website to assist students on their learning journey. The website was designed with User eXperience (UX) in mind, and followed relevant web-design principles.
MAXIMUM FEASIBLE FARM DEBT BY FARM TYPE
Creators: name: Hanson, Gregory D.
name: Thompson, Jerry L.
name: Hanson, Gregory D.
name: Thompson, Jerry L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1978
Subjects: Agricultural Finance

description: This paper explores the issue of how much debt could have successfully been serviced by various farm types during a recent period characterized by large income fluctuation (the 10 years studied include the high returns years 1972-73 and the generally low returns years 1966-70).
Energy system model parameters: Urban energy system modeling within the R2Q project
Creators: name: Klemm, Christian
name: Budde, Janik
name: Becker, Gregor
name: Tockloth, Jan N.
name: Vennemann, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: energy system
multi-energy system
energy system modeling
urban energy system

description: This document contains explanations of the energy system model parameters of the following study: “Urban energy system modeling within the R2Q project”.
 The development of this document is an ongoing process and was initiated for the creation of an energy system model within the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)-funded project “RessourcenPlan im Quartier (R2Q)”. Accordingly, some structural elements and model parameters were adopted, others were updated.
Scalar Leptoquarks in Leptonic Processes
Creators: name: Crivellin, Andreas
name: Greub, Christoph
name: Müller, Dario
name: Saturnino, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Leptoquarks are hypothetical new particles, which couple quarks directly to leptons. They experienced a renaissance in recent years as they are prime candidates to explain the so-called \textit{flavor anomalies}, i.e. the deviations between the Standard Model predictions and measurements in $b\to s\ell^{+}\ell^{-}$ and $b\to cτν$ processes and in the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon. At the one-loop level these particles unavoidably generate effects in the purely leptonic processes like $Z\to\ell^{+}\ell^{-}$, $Z\toν\barν$, $W\to\ellν$ and $h\to\ell^{+}\ell^{-}$ and can even generate non-zero rates for lepton flavor violating processes such as $\ell\to \ell^{\prime}γ$, $Z\to\ell^+\ell^{\prime -}$, $h\to\ell^+\ell^{\prime -}$ and $\ell\to 3\ell^\prime$. In this article we calculate these processes for all five representations of scalar Leptoquarks. We include their most general interaction terms with the Standard Model Higgs boson, which leads to Leptoquark mixing after the former acquires a vacuum expectation value. In our phenomenological analysis we investigate the effects in modified lepton couplings to electroweak gauge bosons, we study the correlations of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon with $h\toμ^{+}μ^{-}$ and $Z\toμ^{+}μ^{-}$ as well as the interplay between different lepton flavor violating decays.
description: 60 pages, 14 figures, version accepted for publication in JHEP
Energy system model parameters: Model-based run-time and memory optimization for a mixed-use multi-energy system model with high spatial resolution
Creators: name: Klemm, Christian
name: Budde, Janik
name: Becker, Gregor
name: Tockloth, Jan N.
name: Vennemann, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: energy system
multi-energy system
energy system modeling
urban energy system

description: This document contains explanations of the energy system model structure, as well as considered model parameters of the following study: “Model-based run-time and memory optimization for a mixed-use multi-energy system model with high spatial resolution”
 The development of this document is an ongoing process and was initiated for the creation of an energy system model within the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)-funded project “RessourcenPlan im Quartier (R2Q)”. Accordingly, some structural elements and model parameters were adopted, others were updated.
An FMRI investigation of frontal lobe functioning in psychopathy and schizophrenia during a go/no go task
Creators: name: Smith, Andra Marie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The prefrontal cortex and its connections with other regions of the brain allow for behaviors and emotions that differentiate human beings from other animals. When a deficit in this brain region arises, many disturbing results can occur. One of these deficits is difficulty in controlling inappropriate behavioral responses. This disinhibition is observed in many psychiatric disorders, including psychopathy and schizophrenia. In this study, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and a Go/No Go paradigm were used to investigate neurophysiological processes associated with response inhibition in psychopathic and nonpsychopathic inmates, stable, medicated schizophrenic patients and healthy control participants. The results indicated that the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex is involved in response inhibition in healthy control participants. There was a significant difference between control participants and psychopathic inmates in this area of the brain. Specifically, there was a negative relationship between the measure of psychopathy (Hare Psychopathy Checklist-Revised) and activity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Schizophrenic patients showed a similar level of activation to control participants in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. However, there was also an increase in activation in the inferior temporal cortex in schizophrenic patients where a reduction in activity occurred in control participants. The results indicate that the cortical activation normally associated with response inhibition is different in both psychopathy and schizophrenia. However, the way in which the two disorders differ from control participants is significantly different. Psychopaths have attenuated left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activity compared to control participants suggesting that the disinhibition observed in psychopathy might be related to a deficit in processing information in this brain region. The schizophrenic patients' increased lateral temporal lobe activity provides further evidence for the hypothesis that there is anomalous coordination of activity of frontal-temporal brain regions in schizophrenia.
The Economics of Harvesting and Transporting Corn Stover for Conversion to Fuel Ethanol: A Case Study for Minnesota
Creators: name: Petrolia, Daniel R.
name: Petrolia, Daniel R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: biomass
subject: corn stover
subject: economics
subject: ethanol
subject: lignocellulose
subject: Monte Carlo

description: Corn stover harvest and transport cost functions were estimated for two harvest operations for a proposed biomass-to-ethanol conversion facility located in southern Minnesota, USA. This work presents an alternative methodology to estimating corn stover quantities and harvest costs at the county level, taking into account county-specific yields, transportation distances, erosion constraints, machinery specifications, and other key variables. Monte Carlo simulation was also used to estimate the probability distribution of costs under alternative assumption on key parameters whose values vary widely in the literature. Marginal stover cost for 50MM gal/year of ethanol output was estimated at $54/dt ($0.77/gal ethanol) for the more intensive harvest method and $65/dt ($0.80/gal) for the less intensive method. Costs were greater than $62/dt ($0.89/gal) for a facility producing > 200MM gal/year under the more intensive harvest method, and greater than $84/dt ($1.21/gal) for the less-intensive harvest method. Monte Carlo simulation estimated a mean marginal cost of $52/dt ($63/dt under the less intensive harvest method) for 50MM gal ethanol output, with an $11 ($9) standard deviation. Costs were found to be at or below $62/dt 90 percent of the time ($71/dt for the less-intensive method). An $11/dt standard deviation in stover cost would result in a $0.16/gal swing in ethanol cost. Overall, costs were found to be consistently higher than those found in the literature, but even under a variety of parameter assumptions, costs tended to stay within a $10/dt range of the mean.