cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Oscillations of General Relativistic Multi-fluid/Multi-layer Compact Stars
Creators: name: Lin, Lap-Ming
name: Andersson, N.
name: Comer, G. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop the formalism for determining the quasinormal modes of general relativistic multi-fluid compact stars in such a way that the impact of superfluid gap data can be assessed. Our results represent the first attempt to study true multi-layer dynamics, an important step towards considering realistic superfluid/superconducting compact stars. We combine a relativistic model for entrainment with model equations of state that explicity incorporate the symmetry energy. Our analysis emphasises the many different parameters that are required for this kind of modelling, and the fact that standard tabulated equations of state are grossly incomplete in this respect. To make progress, future equations of state need to provide the energy density as a function of the various nucleon number densities, the temperature (i.e. entropy), and the entrainment among the various components.
title: Chemical and Biological Deconstruction of Aqueous Phase Processing
Creators: name: Wyman, Charles E.
name: Wyman, Carol J.
Publisher: name: Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften
Year: 2013

description: 6.1 Introduction
6.2 Why Cellulosic Biomass?
6.3 Conversion Options for Aqueous Phase Processing
6.4 Laboratory Methods to Make Reactive Intermediates
6.5 Pretreatments and Biological Production of Sugars as Reactive Intermediates Through the Consortium for Applied Fundamentals and Innovation (CAFI)
6.6 Thermochemical Processing to Sugars and Other Reactive Intermediates
6.7 Conclusions
Bibliography
Remote sensing of Douglas-fir trees newly infested by bark beetles
Creators: name: Hall, Peter Michael
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Two study plots containing Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) newly infested by Douglas-fir beetle (Dendroctonus pseudotsugae Hopk.) were established and photographed with large-scale (1:1000), colour infrared film on July 29. 1979 - approximately three months after possible insect attack. Ground checking confirmed attacked trees and also showed that at the time of photography all trees had visually green, healthy-appearing foliage. All trees, both attacked and non-attacked in each plot were matched to their photographic images, and visual photo interpretation for damage types and densitometric analysis of the original transparencies were done. For each tree-crown image included, the yellow, magenta and cyan dye layer density measurements were taken and these values plus three ratios derived from them were tested statistically using analysis of variance and stepwise discriminant analysis. Significant differences were found between the optical density values of the images of healthy and attacked trees. The ratio values had much smaller variances than did the individual dye layer densities and all three ratios showed significant differences between healthy and attacked trees. Stepwise discriminant analysis produced significant separation of damage classes. Two-thirds of the successfully attacked trees were correctly classified and were confirmed by a second ground check in January, 1980. It is concluded that successfully beetle-attacked trees have a unique spectral signature than can be detected on colour infrared air photos approximately three months after initial attack when the trees still support visually green, healthy-appearing foliage.
СТАРООБРЯДЧЕСКАЯ МОДЕЛЬ С ТОЧКИ ЗРЕНИЯ ВЕДЕНИЯ БИЗНЕСА
Creators: name: ШУЛАЕВА М.А.
name: НОВИКОВ Д.А.
name: РОМАНЕНКО В.В.
Publisher: name: Экономика и бизнес: теория и практика
Year: 2020
Subjects: ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСТВО
СТАРООБРЯДЧЕСТВО
СТАРООБРЯДЧЕСКОЕ ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСТВО
МОДЕЛЬ ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСТВА
РЕЛИГИЯ
РОССИЯ
ENTREPRENEURSHIP
OLD BELIEVERS
OLD BELIEVER ENTREPRENEURSHIP
BUSINESS MODEL
RELIGION
RUSSIA

description: C развитием предпринимательства в современной России очень актуален вопрос о самом предпринимательстве, его формах и моделях. Одной из важнейших моделей для царской России является старообрядческая. В статье проанализированы истоки старообрядчества; рассмотрены влияние религиозной модели на становление и развитие предпринимательства; показаны периоды формирования модели и ее особенности. Сделана попытка показать, почему сегодня эта модель не развивается.
In Vitro Measures of MDR-Transporter Function and Whole-Hive Exposure Dynamics Using Fluorescent Dyes
Creators: name: Kunkel, Grace R.
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Entomology
subject: apis mellifera
subject: honey bee
subject: toxicology

description: We need to study Apis mellifera both in vivo and ex vivo to better understand honey bee biology. In vivo synergism of chemicals can occur when xenobiotic transporters are inhibited by one chemical, allowing a second chemical to accumulate and become toxic. I have conducted assays between 2010 and 2013 that demonstrated RhB dye- a xenobiotic transporter substrate, is fed in the presence of the xenobiotic inhibitor verapamil, it is found in higher levels in the hemolymph of the Apis mellifera Two types of bee food combined with two dyes were tested in 2012 for the impact of food type, and the impact of dye type on the fate of the dye in a Apis mellifera hive. Slightly hydrophobic RhB and slightly hydrophilic UrO were used. Dyed syrup persisted longer in hives than dyed pollen patties, and dyes did not spread uniformly throughout the hive.
An Efficient and Small Convolutional Neural Network for Pest Recognition -- ExquisiteNet
Creators: name: Zhou, Shi-Yao
name: Su, Chung-Yen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Nowadays, due to the rapid population expansion, food shortage has become a critical issue. In order to stabilizing the food source production, preventing crops from being attacked by pests is very important. In generally, farmers use pesticides to kill pests, however, improperly using pesticides will also kill some insects which is beneficial to crops, such as bees. If the number of bees is too few, the supplement of food in the world will be in short. Besides, excessive pesticides will seriously pollute the environment. Accordingly, farmers need a machine which can automatically recognize the pests. Recently, deep learning is popular because its effectiveness in the field of image classification. In this paper, we propose a small and efficient model called ExquisiteNet to complete the task of recognizing the pests and we expect to apply our model on mobile devices. ExquisiteNet mainly consists of two blocks. One is double fusion with squeeze-and-excitation-bottleneck block (DFSEB block), and the other is max feature expansion block (ME block). ExquisiteNet only has 0.98M parameters and its computing speed is very fast almost the same as SqueezeNet. In order to evaluate our model's performance, we test our model on a benchmark pest dataset called IP102. Compared to many state-of-the-art models, such as ResNet101, ShuffleNetV2, MobileNetV3-large and EfficientNet etc., our model achieves higher accuracy, that is, 52.32% on the test set of IP102 without any data augmentation.
description: 4 pages
Currents and Flat Chains Associated to Varifolds, with an Application to Mean Curvature Flow
Creators: name: White, Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49Q15, 53C44

description: We prove under suitable hypotheses that convergence of integral varifolds implies convergence of associated mod 2 flat chains and subsequential convergence of associated integer-multiplicity rectifiable currents. The convergence results imply restrictions on the kinds of singularities that can occur in mean curvature flow.
description: 16 pages. Revised to correct one typo (in equation (12))
EU_India_Trade_Memo_0324_Final.pdf
Creators: name: Williams, Thomas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 440808
subject: International relations
classificationCode: 470311
subject: Indian languages
classificationCode: 470510
subject: Indian literature
classificationCode: 480304
subject: European Union law

description: EU–India trade 2025, India–China LAC conflict, Trump tariffs 2025, European Commission India strategy, military procurement India, EU defence diplomacy, dual-use technology South Asia, strategic ambiguity India, foreign direct investment deterrents, geopolitical risk analysis, European Union foreign policy, Brussels–New Delhi negotiations, EUISS, defence industrial base, NATO–India relations, economic coercion, EU military exports, India defence credibility, China encroachment 2025, tariff escalation impact, Indo-Pacific stability
title: Analytical Approaches in the Catalytic Transformation of Biomass: What Needs to be Analyzed and Why?
Creators: name: Murzin, Dmitry
name: Holmbom, Bjarne
Publisher: name: Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften
Year: 2013

description: 7.1 Introduction
7.2 Analytical Objectives
7.3 Basic Analytical Methods
7.4 Analytical Examples
7.5 Final Words
Bibliography
Cocommutative coalgebras: homotopy theory and Koszul duality
Creators: name: Chuang, J.
name: Lazarev, A.
name: Mannan, Wajid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We extend a construction of Hinich to obtain a closed model category structure on all differential graded cocommutative coalgebras over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero. We further show that the Koszul duality between commutative and Lie algebras extends to a Quillen equivalence between cocommutative coalgebras and formal coproducts of curved Lie algebras.
description: 38 pages
ВОЗРАСТНЫЕ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ ОТНОСИТЕЛЬНОГО ВЕСА ПЕЧЕНИ THYMALLUS ARCTICUS РЕКИ КАЗЫР (БАССЕЙН РЕКИ ЕНИСЕЙ)
Creators: name: КОБЦЕВА А.А.
Publisher: name: Международный журнал гуманитарных и естественных наук
Year: 2020
Subjects: СИБИРСКИЙ ХАРИУС
МЕТОД БИОИНДИКАЦИИ
ИНДЕКС ПЕЧЕНИ
ВОЗРАСТНЫЕ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ
АККЛИМАТИЗАЦИЯ
THYMALLUS ARCTICUS
BIOINDICATION METHOD
LIVER INDEX
AGE-RELATED CHANGES
ACCLIMATIZATION

description: В статье рассмотрены результаты изучений морфофизиологического индекса печени Тhymallus arcticus, вылов которого производился в реке Казыр (Красноярский край) в осенний период (конец октября) 2020 года. Представлен анализ индекса печени (морфофизиологический индикатор). Также представлены сведения об изменении относительного веса печени с возрастом хариуса сибирского. Сведения и данное место являются новыми для исследования.
Central Simple Algebras with Involution: A Geometric Approach
Creators: name: Vonessen, Nikolaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16W10, 14L30, 16K20

description: Let $k$ be an algebraically closed base field of characteristic zero. The category equivalence between central simple algebras and irreducible, generically free $PGL_n$-varieties is extended to the context of central simple algebras with involution. The associated variety of a central simple algebra with involution comes with an action of the semidirect product $P_{n,τ}:=PGL_n\rtimes$, where $τ$ is the automorphism of $\PGLn$ given by $τ(h)=(h^{-1})^transpose$. Basic properties of an involution are described in terms of the action of $P_{n,τ}$ on the associated variety, and in particular in terms of the stabilizer in general position for this action.
description: 16 pages, latex
СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ ИНДЕКСА СЕРДЦА THYMALLUS ARCTICUS РЕКИ КАЗЫР (БАССЕЙН РЕКИ ЕНИСЕЙ)
Creators: name: КОБЦЕВА А.А.
Publisher: name: Международный журнал гуманитарных и естественных наук
Year: 2020
Subjects: ИНДЕКС СЕРДЦА
СРЕДА ОБИТАНИЯ
ТHYMALLUS ARCTICUS
СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ
МЕТОД БИОИНДИКАЦИИ
HEART INDEX
HABITAT
THYMALLUS ARCTICUS
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
BIOINDICATION METHOD

description: В статье рассмотрены результаты изучений морфофизиологического индекса сердца Тhymallus arcticus, вылов которого производился в реке Казыр (Красноярский край) в осенний период (конец октября) 2020 года. Также представлен сравнительный анализ по индексу сердца за летний и осенний период. Внимание уделено зависимости величины показателя от оценки качества реки и состояния окружающей среды. Сведения и данное место являются новыми для исследования.
Culture of the freshwater cladoceran, Daphnia Pulex F. utilizing Scenedesmus obliquus grown in dairy waste medium
Creators: name: Castillo, Nelson M.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Scenedesmus obliquus was grown in batch cultures at varying concentrations of digested dairy medium ranging from 200 to 2,000 ug-at N ⁻¹. Higher growth rates were observed at low N-concentrations while higher cell yields were observed at high N-concentrations. Aeration enhanced both algal growth rates and biomass yields. Results show an advantage in adjusting the nitrogen to phosphorus atomic ratio of the medium. More biomass was produced in cultures with higher N:P ratios. The algal biomass produced was used as food for the freshwater cladoceran, Daphnia pulex F. Three feeding levels were used: 50,000, 100,000 and 150,000 cells-ml⁻¹ . However, no significant differences were observed in both Daphnia biomass yields and biomass conversion efficiencies. The tendency of Scenedesmus cells to settle down in the bottom and cling to the sides of the tank presented a major problem in the study. Intensive feeding did not increase the biomass production of Daphnia, although larger-sized adults with larger brood sizes were produced. Animals in culture reached a density of 1.24 animals-ml⁻¹Aand obtained conversion efficiencies as high as 40-50%.
The Theory of Scanning Quantum Dot Microscopy
Creators: name: Wagner, Christian
name: Tautz, F. Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electrostatic forces are among the most common interactions in nature and omnipresent at the nanoscale. Scanning probe methods represent a formidable approach to study these interactions locally. The lateral resolution of such images is, however, often limited as they are based on measuring the force (gradient) due to the entire tip interacting with the entire surface. Recently, we developed scanning quantum dot microscopy (SQDM), a new technique for the imaging and quantification of surface potentials which is based on the gating of a nanometer-size tip-attached quantum dot by the local surface potential and the detection of charge state changes via non-contact atomic force microscopy. Here, we present a rigorous formalism in the framework of which SQDM can be understood and interpreted quantitatively. In particular, we present a general theory of SQDM based on the classical boundary value problem of electrostatics, which is applicable to the full range of sample properties (conductive vs insulating, nanostructured vs homogeneously covered). We elaborate the general theory into a formalism suited for the quantitative analysis of images of nanostructured but predominantly flat and conductive samples.
title: Methods for Biomass Compositional Analysis
Creators: name: Sluiter, Amie
name: Sluiter, Justin
name: Wolfrum, Edward J.
Publisher: name: Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften
Year: 2013

description: 8.1 Introduction
8.2 Biomass Composition
8.3 Measuring Biomass Composition: Forage and Fiber Analysis
8.4 Summative Compositional Analysis of Biomass Feedstocks
8.5 Summative Compositional Analysis of Pretreated Biomass Slurries and Liquors
8.6 Summative Mass Closure-Calculations, Troubleshooting, and Errors
8.7 Uncertainty in the Primary Measurements
8.8 Propagation of Uncertainty in Primary Measurements
8.9 Room for Improvement in Biomass Compositional Analysis
8.10 Rapid Biomass Analysis via NIR
8.11 Conclusions
Bibliography
Appendix
Footnotes
Axiomatic Formulation of the Optimal Transaction Cost Theory in the Legal Process through Cobb-Douglas Optimization
Creators: name: Bonsu, Kwadwo Osei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Theoretical Economics (econ.TH)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: In a legal dispute, parties engage in a series of negotiations so as to arrive at a reasonable settlement. The parties need to present a fair and reasonable bargain in order to induce the WTA, willingness to accept of the plaintiff and the WTP, willingness to pay of the defendant. Cooperation can only be attained when the WTA of the plaintiff is less than or equal to the WTP of the defendant. From an economic perspective, the legal process can considered as market place of buying and selling claims. High transaction costs decrease the reasonable bargain, thereby making cooperation more appealing to the defendant. On the other hand, low or zero transaction costs means the reasonable bargain is only dependent on the expected gain from winning at trial and the settlement benefit thereby making cooperation more appealing to the plaintiff. Hence, we need to find a way of adjusting the number of settlements with the number of trials in order to maximize the social utility value. This paper uses Cobb-Douglas optimization to formulate an optimal transaction cost algorithm considering the confinement of a generalized legal framework.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ТВЕРДОСЕМЯННОСТИ CUSCUTA JAPONICA CHOISY, C. CAMPESTRIS YUNCK. (CUSCUTACEAE DUM.)
Creators: name: ЛЕУСОВА Н.Ю.
Publisher: name: Международный журнал гуманитарных и естественных наук
Year: 2020
Subjects: ПОВИЛИКА
ПРОРАСТАНИЕ СЕМЯН
ПОКОЙ СЕМЯН
ТВЕРДОСЕМЯННОСТЬ
СКАРИФИКАЦИЯ
DODDER
SEED GERMINATION
SEED DORMANCY
SEED HARDNESS
SCARIFICATION

description: Рассмотрены особенности твердосемянности двух видов повилик Cuscuta japonica Choisy и C. campestris Yunck. (Cuscutaceae Dum.), влияние эколого-географических условий на твердосемянность. Показано, что в лабораторных условиях для преодоления покоя семян данных видов, необходима химическая стратификация в концентрированной серной кислотой (H2SO4 конц.). Растения-хозяева не влияют на прорастание семян повилики японской, следовательно, утверждение о влиянии растений-хозяев на прорастание не является всеобщим, по крайней мере, для данного вида.
Spoofing Detection on Hand Images Using Quality Assessment
Creators: name: Bera, Asish
name: Dey, Ratnadeep
name: Bhattacharjee, Debotosh
name: Nasipuri, Mita
name: Shum, Hubert P. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent research on biometrics focuses on achieving a high success rate of authentication and addressing the concern of various spoofing attacks. Although hand geometry recognition provides adequate security over unauthorized access, it is susceptible to presentation attack. This paper presents an anti-spoofing method toward hand biometrics. A presentation attack detection approach is addressed by assessing the visual quality of genuine and fake hand images. A threshold-based gradient magnitude similarity quality metric is proposed to discriminate between the real and spoofed hand samples. The visual hand images of 255 subjects from the Bogazici University hand database are considered as original samples. Correspondingly, from each genuine sample, we acquire a forged image using a Canon EOS 700D camera. Such fake hand images with natural degradation are considered for electronic screen display based spoofing attack detection. Furthermore, we create another fake hand dataset with artificial degradation by introducing additional Gaussian blur, salt and pepper, and speckle noises to original images. Ten quality metrics are measured from each sample for classification between original and fake hand image. The classification experiments are performed using the k-nearest neighbors, random forest, and support vector machine classifiers, as well as deep convolutional neural networks. The proposed gradient similarity-based quality metric achieves 1.5% average classification er ror using the k-nearest neighbors and random forest classifiers. An average classification error of 2.5% is obtained using the baseline evaluation with the MobileNetV2 deep network for discriminating original and different types of fake hand samples.
title: Reaction Engineering Concepts for the Catalytic Conversion of Biorenewable Molecules
Creators: name: Davis, Robert J.
Publisher: name: Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften
Year: 2013

description: 9.1 Introduction
9.2 Measurement of Reaction Rates
9.3 Kinetics of Chemical Reactions
9.4 Deactivation of Catalysts
9.5 Reactors Used to Evaluate Catalysts
9.6 Mass and Heat Transfer Artifacts
9.7 Influence of Reactor Configuration
9.8 Conclusions
Bibliography
Sheaf homology of hyperplane arrangements, Boolean covers and exterior powers
Creators: name: Everitt, Brent
name: Turner, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We compute the sheaf homology of the intersection lattice of a hyperplane arrangement with coefficients in the graded exterior sheaf of the natural sheaf. This builds on the results of our previous paper, where this homology was computed for the natural sheaf, itself a generalisation of an old result of Lusztig. The computational machinery we develop in this paper is quite different though: sheaf homology is lifted to what we call Boolean covers, where we instead compute homology cellularly. A number of tools are given for the cellular homology of these Boolean covers, including a deletion-restriction long exact sequence.
title: Catalytic Strategies and Chemistries Involved in the Conversion of Sugars to Liquid Transportation Fuels
Creators: name: Gürbüz, Elif I.
name: Dumesic, James A.
Publisher: name: Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften
Year: 2013

description: 10.1 Introduction
10.2 Thermodynamic Considerations
10.3 Formulating Strategies for the Conversion of Sugars to Alkane Fuels: Platform Molecules
10.4 The Conversion of Sugars and Polyols to H2 and Alkanes
10.5 Conversion of Sugars/Polyols to Liquid Fuels via the Formation of Monofunctional Intermediates
10.6 Levulinic Acid and ɣ-Valerolactone Platforms for the Production of Liquid Fuels
10.7 Concluding Remarks
Bibliography
Footnotes
title: Design of Heterogeneous Catalysts for the Conversion of Biorenewable Feedstocks
Creators: name: Shanks, Brent H.
Publisher: name: Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften
Year: 2013

description: 11.1 Introduction
11.2 Adsorption of Carbohydrates and Their Derivatives on Solid Surfaces
11.3 Selective Bond Cleavage
11.4 Aqueous Phase Considerations
11.5 Novel Catalytic Materials for Biomass Conversion
11.6 Hydrothermally Stable Catalytic Materials
11.7 Impurity Tolerant Catalysts
11.8 Novel Reaction Systems
11.9 Summary
Bibliography
Classification of multiplicity free Hamiltonian actions of complex tori on Stein manifolds
Creators: name: Losev, Ivan V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D20 (Primary), 32E10, 32M05 (Secondary)

description: A Hamiltonian action of a complex torus on a symplectic complex manifold is said to be {\it multiplicity free} if a general orbit is a lagrangian submanifold. To any multiplicity free Hamiltonian action of a complex torus $T\cong (\C^\times)^n$ on a Stein manifold $X$ we assign a certain 5-tuple consisting of a Stein manifold $Y$, an étale map $Y\to \t^*$, a set of divisors on $Y$ and elements of $H^2(Y,\Z)^{\oplus n}, H^2(Y,\C)$. We show that $X$ is uniquely determined by this invariants. Furthermore, we describe all 5-tuples arising in this way.
description: 12 pages, v2 minor corrections made
title: Tailor-Made Fuels and Chemicals from Biomass
Creators: name: Stein, Thorsten vom
name: Klankermayer, Jürgen
name: Leitner, Walter
Publisher: name: Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften
Year: 2013

description: 12.1 Introduction
12.2 Conceptual Approach to Tailor-Made Fuels via Combined Product and Process Design
12.3 From Intermediates to Products
12.4 From Lignocellulosic Raw Materials to Carbohydrate Feedstock and Platform Molecules
12.5 Conclusion and Outlook
Bibliography
Footnotes
MSD-Kmeans: A Novel Algorithm for Efficient Detection of Global and Local Outliers
Creators: name: Wei, Yuanyuan
name: Jang-Jaccard, Julian
name: Sabrina, Fariza
name: McIntosh, Timothy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Outlier detection is a technique in data mining that aims to detect unusual or unexpected records in the dataset. Existing outlier detection algorithms have different pros and cons and exhibit different sensitivity to noisy data such as extreme values. In this paper, we propose a novel cluster-based outlier detection algorithm named MSD-Kmeans that combines the statistical method of Mean and Standard Deviation (MSD) and the machine learning clustering algorithm K-means to detect outliers more accurately with the better control of extreme values. There are two phases in this combination method of MSD-Kmeans: (1) applying MSD algorithm to eliminate as many noisy data to minimize the interference on clusters, and (2) applying K-means algorithm to obtain local optimal clusters. We evaluate our algorithm and demonstrate its effectiveness in the context of detecting possible overcharging of taxi fares, as greedy dishonest drivers may attempt to charge high fares by detouring. We compare the performance indicators of MSD-Kmeans with those of other outlier detection algorithms, such as MSD, K-means, Z-score, MIQR and LOF, and prove that the proposed MSD-Kmeans algorithm achieves the highest measure of precision, accuracy, and F-measure. We conclude that MSD-Kmeans can be used for effective and efficient outlier detection on data of varying quality on IoT devices.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables
ВЛИЯНИЕ НЕФТЕУГЛЕВОДОРОДОВ НА РАННИЙ ОНТОГЕНЕЗ РЫБ
Creators: name: ЮРКОВА А.А.
Publisher: name: Международный журнал гуманитарных и естественных наук
Year: 2020
Subjects: НЕФТЬ
НЕФТЕПРОДУКТЫ
БЕНЗИН
РЫБА
СЕМЕЙСТВО ОСЕТРОВЫХ
РАННИЙ ОНТОГЕНЕЗ
OIL
OIL PRODUCTS
GASOLINE
FISH
STURGEON FAMILY
EARLY ONTOGENESIS

description: Ранний онтогенез рыб является периодом жизненного цикла, в течение которого организм наиболее подвержен влиянию внешних факторов. В статье изучены факторы влияния нефтеуглеводородов на ранний онтогенез рыб и представлены результаты исследований, проведенных в лабораторных условиях, по влиянию нефтеуглеводородов на ранний онтогенез рыб семейства осетровых.
Maximal dissipative solutions for incompressible fluid dynamics
Creators: name: Lasarzik, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35D99, 35Q30, 35Q31, 76D05, 76N10

description: We introduce the new concept of maximal dissipative solutions for a general class of isothermal GENERIC systems. Under certain assumption, we show that maximal dissipative solutions are well posed as long as the bigger class of dissipative solutions is non-empty. Applying this result to the Navier--Stokes and Euler equations, we infer global well-posedness of maximal dissipative solutions for these systems. The concept of maximal dissipative solutions coincides with the concept of weak solutions as long as the weak solutions inherits enough regularity to be unique.
Exploring Machine Teaching with Children
Creators: name: Dwivedi, Utkarsh
name: Gandhi, Jaina
name: Parikh, Raj
name: Coenraad, Merijke
name: Bonsignore, Elizabeth
name: Kacorri, Hernisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Iteratively building and testing machine learning models can help children develop creativity, flexibility, and comfort with machine learning and artificial intelligence. We explore how children use machine teaching interfaces with a team of 14 children (aged 7-13 years) and adult co-designers. Children trained image classifiers and tested each other's models for robustness. Our study illuminates how children reason about ML concepts, offering these insights for designing machine teaching experiences for children: (i) ML metrics (e.g. confidence scores) should be visible for experimentation; (ii) ML activities should enable children to exchange models for promoting reflection and pattern recognition; and (iii) the interface should allow quick data inspection (e.g. images vs. gestures).
description: 11 pages, 8 images
Structure of BSCCO supermodulation from ab initio calculations
Creators: name: He, Y.
name: Graser, S.
name: Hirschfeld, P. J.
name: Cheng, H. -P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of density functional theory (DFT) calculation of the structural supermodulation in BSCCO-2212 structure, and show that the supermodulation is indeed a spontaneous symmetry breaking of the nominal crystal symmetry, rather than a phenomenon driven by interstitial O dopants. The structure obtained is in excellent quantitative agreement with recent x-ray studies, and reproduces several qualitative aspects of scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) experiments as well. The primary structural modulation affecting the CuO_2 plane is found to be a buckling wave of tilted CuO_5 half-octahedra, with maximum tilt angle near the phase of the supermodulation where recent STM experiments have discovered an enhancement of the superconducting gap. We argue that the tilting of the half-octahedra and concommitant planar buckling are directly modulating the superconducting pair interaction.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
title: Solution-Based Deconstruction of (Ligno)-Cellulose
Creators: name: Rinaldi, Roberto
name: Reece, Jennifer
Publisher: name: Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften
Year: 2013

description: 13.1 Introduction
13.2 Understanding Cellulosic Recalcitrance
13.3 Cellulose in Solution
13.4 Homogeneous Hydrolysis of Cellulose
13.5 Final remarks
Bibliography
Footnotes
СТИЛИСТИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ РАННЕЙ КИТАЙСКОЙ ЖИВОПИСИ
Creators: name: АЛЕКСЕЕВА Е.Н.
name: ТЮЛЮКОВ Д.И.
Publisher: name: Международный журнал гуманитарных и естественных наук
Year: 2020
Subjects: ЖИВОПИСЬ
ИСКУССТВО
ГРАВЮРЫ
КИТАЙ
PAINTING
ART
PRINTS
CHINA

description: В статье рассматривается искусство Китая 2 тыс. до н.э. - 3 век н.э. Автором обозначены основные пути развития китайской культуры в целом и ее отражение в иероглифическом письме и изобразительном искусстве. Изучены основные предпосылки формирования тематической направленности шёлковых картин, картин из захоронений, произведения периода раннего Чжоу, а также развитие философской тематики в этих произведениях. В исследовании проанализированы взаимосвязь исторических, экономических и культурных факторов с формированием основных характерных особенностей изобразительного монументального искусства и архитектуры. Выявлена сфера интересов художников и тематическая направленность произведений, а также цветовой строй произведений.
Weak entropy solutions to a model in induction hardening, existence and weak-strong uniqueness
Creators: name: Hömberg, Dietmar
name: Lasarzik, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q61, 35Q79, 80A17

description: In this paper, we investigate a model describing induction hardening of steel. The related system consists of an energy balance, an ODE for the different phases of steel, and Maxwell's equations in a potential formulation. The existence of weak entropy solutions is shown by a suitable regularization and discretization technique. Moreover, we prove the weak-strong uniqueness of these solutions, i.e., that a weak entropy solutions coincides with a classical solution emanating form the same initial data as long as the classical one exists. The weak entropy solution concept has advantages in comparison to the previously introduced weak solutions, e.g., it allows to include free energy functions with low regularity properties corresponding to phase transitions.
Color of Copper/Copper oxide
Creators: name: Kim, Su Jae
name: Kim, Seonghoon
name: Lee, Jegon
name: Jo, Youngjae
name: Seo, Yu-Seong
name: Lee, Myounghoon
name: Lee, Yousil
name: Cho, Chae Ryong
name: Kim, Jong-pil
name: Cheon, Miyeon
name: Hwang, Jungseek
name: Kim, Yong In
name: Kim, Young-Hoon
name: Kim, Young-Min
name: Soon, Aloysius
name: Choi, Myunghwan
name: Choi, Woo Seok
name: Jeong, Se-Young
name: Lee, Young Hee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stochastic inhomogeneous oxidation is an inherent characteristic of copper (Cu), often hindering color tuning and bandgap engineering of oxides. Coherent control of the interface between metal and metal oxide remains unresolved. We demonstrate coherent propagation of an oxidation front in single-crystal Cu thin film to achieve a full-color spectrum for Cu by precisely controlling its oxide-layer thickness. Grain boundary-free and atomically flat films prepared by atomic-sputtering epitaxy allow tailoring of the oxide layer with an abrupt interface via heat treatment with a suppressed temperature gradient. Color tuning of nearly full-color RGB indices is realized by precise control of oxide-layer thickness; our samples covered ~50.4% of the sRGB color space. The color of copper/copper oxide is realized by the reconstruction of the quantitative yield color from oxide pigment (complex dielectric functions of Cu2O) and light-layer interference (reflectance spectra obtained from the Fresnel equations) to produce structural color. We further demonstrate laser-oxide lithography with micron-scale linewidth and depth through local phase transformation to oxides embedded in the metal, providing spacing necessary for semiconducting transport and optoelectronics functionality.
description: 38 pages
К ИСТОРИИ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ КУЙБЫШЕВСКОГО ОБЛАСТНОГО НАУЧНОГО ОБЩЕСТВА ТЕРАПЕВТОВ ПОД РУКОВОДСТВОМ ПРОФЕССОРА Н.Е. КАВЕЦКОГО В 1940-1950-Е ГОДЫ
Creators: name: ГОРШЕНИН А.В.
Publisher: name: Международный журнал гуманитарных и естественных наук
Year: 2020
Subjects: НАУЧНЫЕ ОБЩЕСТВА
ТЕРАПИЯ
ОБЩЕСТВО ТЕРАПЕВТОВ
КАВЕЦКИЙ
ТЫЛ
КУЙБЫШЕВ
ВЕЛИКАЯ ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННАЯ ВОЙНА
SCIENTIFIC SOCIETIES
THERAPY
SOCIETY OF THERAPISTS
KAVETSKY
REAR
KUIBYSHEV
THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR

description: В данной публикации реконструируются основные вехи в деятельности Куйбышевского областного научного общества терапевтов в 1940-1950-е гг. Характеризуются основные направления в работе членов общества в предвоенный, военный и послевоенный периоды. Во главе общества в рассматриваемое время стоял талантливый организатор здравоохранения, учёный и медик - профессор Николай Евгеньевич Кавецкий, чей вклад сыграл значительную роль в становлении и укреплении научного общества терапевтов.
ОСНОВНЫЕ НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ ВНЕШНЕЙ ПОЛИТИКИ МУАММАРА КАДДАФИ В АРАБСКОМ МИРЕ
Creators: name: МЕЛЬНИКОВА Л.А.
Publisher: name: Международный журнал гуманитарных и естественных наук
Year: 2020
Subjects: ЛИВИЯ
ИСТОРИЯ ЛИВИИ
МУАММАР КАДДАФИ
ПАНАРАБИЗМ
ЮНИОНИЗМ
ИСТОРИЯ АРАБСКИХ СТРАН
МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЕ ОТНОШЕНИЯ
LIBYA
HISTORY OF LIBYA
MUAMMAR GADDAFI
PAN-ARABISM
UNIONISM
HISTORY OF ARAB COUNTRIES
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

description: Этап правления Муаммара Каддафи является одним из переломных периодов ливийской истории, в частности, отличающимся активным внешнеполитическим курсом, направленным на межарабское объединение. Став последователем Гамаля Абдель Насера в юнионистской концепции, ливийский лидер последовательно обращался к главам государств Машрика и Магриба с предложениями по интеграции. Несмотря на то, что идеи М. Каддафи находили отклик у народных масс, на высшем государственном уровне большинство из проектов не были осуществлены в полном объеме, в силу различий во внешнеполитических приоритетах, социально-экономических системах, а также из-за явной угрозы суверенитету потенциальных партнерских государств. Немаловажно, что поддержка М. Каддафи радикальных движений и террористических организаций привели к недоверию со стороны большинства арабских лидеров, а далее к изоляции Ливии на международной арене.
С.И. ЗАРУДНЫЙ И ПОДГОТОВКА СУДЕБНОЙ РЕФОРМЫ 1864 ГОДА
Creators: name: СУЗДАЛЕВА Т.Р.
name: ФЕДОРОВ К.В.
Publisher: name: Международный журнал гуманитарных и естественных наук
Year: 2020
Subjects: СЕРГЕЙ ИВАНОВИЧ ЗАРУДНЫЙ
НОВЫЕ СУДЕБНЫЕ УСТАВЫ
ОТДЕЛЕНИЕ СУДА ОТ АДМИНИСТРАЦИИ
НЕЗАВИСИМОСТЬ И НЕСМЕНЯЕМОСТЬ СУДЕЙ
СОСТЯЗАТЕЛЬНОСТЬ СУДЕБНОГО ПРОЦЕССА
ОТКРЫТОСТЬ И ГЛАСНОСТЬ СУДОПРОИЗВОДСТВА
SERGEY IVANOVICH ZARUDNY
NEW JUDICIAL STATUTES
SEPARATION OF THE COURT FROM THE ADMINISTRATION
INDEPENDENCE AND IRREMOVABILITY OF JUDGES
ADVERSARIAL PROCEEDINGS
OPENNESS AND TRANSPARENCY OF PROCEEDINGS

description: Судебной реформе 1864 г. посвящена обширная литература. В последние годы появились интересные биографии, знаменитых российских адвокатов, сборники их речей. Гораздо меньше внимания уделяется тем, кто готовил и проводил в жизнь новые Судебные уставы. Многие из них оказались незаслуженно забытыми. Цель данной статьи - проанализировать роль С.И. Зарудного в подготовке Судебных уставов 20 ноября 1864 г.
Effects of quenching protocols based on parametric oscillators
Creators: name: Gianfreda, Mariagiovanna
name: Landolfi, Giulio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the problem of understanding the basic features displayed by quantum systems described by parametric oscillators whose time-dependent frequency parameter $ω(t)$ varies continuously during evolution so to realise quenching protocols of different types. To this scope we focus on the case where $ω(t)^2$ behaves like a Morse potential, up to possible sign reversion and translations in the $(t,ω^2)$ plane. We derive closed form solution for the time-dependent amplitude of quasi-normal modes, which is the very fundamental dynamical object entering the description of both classical and quantum parametric oscillators, and highlight its significant characteristics for distinctive cases arising based on the driving specifics. After doing so, we provide an insight on the way quantum states evolve by paying attention on the position-momentum Heisenberg uncertainty principle and the statistical aspects implied by second-order correlation functions over number-type states.
description: Revised version for the manuscript initially entitled: Classical and quantum analysis of the parametric oscillator with Morse-like time-dependent frequency. Overall presentation has been improved: some figures have been removed, the section with the most mathematical material now appears as Appendix, more applications of parametric oscillator systems have been mentioned in the Introduction
ГЕОСТРАТЕГИЯ США В АЗИАТСКО-ТИХООКЕАНСКОМ РЕГИОНЕ
Creators: name: ШЕЛУДЯКОВ И.Ф.
Publisher: name: Международный журнал гуманитарных и естественных наук
Year: 2020
Subjects: ГЕОСТРАТЕГИЯ
США
АЗИАТСКО-ТИХООКЕАНСКИЙ РЕГИОН
ПОСЛЕВОЕННЫЙ ПЕРИОД
ХОЛОДНАЯ ВОЙНА
КОРЕЯ
ВЬЕТНАМ
ВОЙНА
СССР
КНР
GEOSTRATEGY
USA
ASIA-PACIFIC REGION
POST-WAR PERIOD
COLD WAR
KOREA
VIETNAM
WAR
USSR
PRC

description: Статья посвящена исследованию геополитической стратегии США в Азиатско-Тихоокеанском регионе в 1950-1960 гг., проанализированы особенности внешней политики США и динамика ее развития в указанный период, показана актуальность изучения геополитики США именно в Азиатско-Тихоокеанском регионе в свете ее зависимости от американского военно-политического руководства и принимаемых им решений для укрепления национальной безопасности США.
Analysis of a thermodynamically consistent Navier--Stokes--Cahn--Hilliard model
Creators: name: Lasarzik, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q35, 35D99, 76D05

description: In this paper, existence of generalized solutions to a thermodynamically consistent Navier--Stokes--Cahn--Hilliard model introduced in [18] is proven in any space dimension. The generalized solvability concepts are measure-valued and dissipative solutions. The measure-valued formulation incorporates an entropy inequality and an energy inequality instead of an energy balance in a nowadays standard way, the Gradient flow of the internal variable is fulfilled in a weak and the momentum balance in a measure-valued sense. In the dissipative formulation, the distributional relations of the momentum balance and the energy as well as entropy inequality are replaced by a relative energy inequality. Additionally, we prove the weak-strong uniqueness of the proposed solution concepts and that all generalized solutions with additional regularity are indeed strong solutions.
НОРМАЛИЗАЦИЯ АМЕРИКАНО - КИТАЙСКИХ ОТНОШЕНИЙ В КОНЦЕ 60-Х - НАЧАЛЕ 70-Х ГОДОВ XX ВЕКА (ПО МАТЕРИАЛАМ РАБОТЫ Г. КИССИНЖЕРА «О КИТАЕ»)
Creators: name: ШЕЛУДЯКОВ И.Ф.
Publisher: name: Международный журнал гуманитарных и естественных наук
Year: 2020
Subjects: ВНЕШНЕПОЛИТИЧЕСКАЯ КОНЦЕПЦИЯ
АМЕРИКАНО-КИТАЙСКИЕ ОТНОШЕНИЯ
ТРУДЫ И ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТЬ Г. КИССИНДЖЕРА
ПОЛИТИКА «РАЗРЯДКИ»
FOREIGN POLICY CONCEPT
US-CHINESE RELATIONS
WORKS AND ACTIVITIES OF H. KISSINGER
THE POLICY OF «DETENTE»

description: Данная статья посвящена анализу воззрений и деятельности американского дипломата Г. Киссинджера, внесшего существенный вклад в развитие американо-китайских двусторонних отношений в направлении обеспечения их нормализации. В статье анализируются концептуальная позиция Г. Киссинджера по данному вопросу, а также основные направления его деятельности в должностях Советника по национальной безопасности США и Генерального секретаря США. Обосновывается вывод о значении деятельности Г. Киссинджера в достижении нормализации американо-китайских отношений в 1970-х гг. Определяется ключевой аспект его идейно-политической доктрины, имеющий конструктивный потенциал для преодоления современного кризиса в американо-китайских отношениях.
Brown-Henneaux's Canonical Approach to Topologically Massive Gravity
Creators: name: Hotta, Kyosuke
name: Hyakutake, Yoshifumi
name: Kubota, Takahiro
name: Tanida, Hiroaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the symmetry realized asymptotically on the two dimensional boundary of AdS_3 geometry in topologically massive gravity, which consists of the gravitational Chern-Simons term as well as the usual Einstein-Hilbert and negative cosmological constant terms. Our analysis is based on the conventional canonical method and proceeds along the line completely parallel to the original Brown and Henneaux's. In spite of the presence of the gravitational Chern-Simons term, it is confirmed by the canonical method that the boundary theory actually has the conformal symmetry satisfying the left and right moving Virasoro algebras. The central charges of the Virasoro algebras are computed explicitly and are shown to be left-right asymmetric due to the gravitational Chern-Simons term. It is also argued that the Cardy's formula for the BTZ black hole entropy capturing all higher derivative corrections agrees with the extended version of the Wald's entropy formula. The M5-brane system is illustrated as an application of the present calculation.
description: 29 pages, no figure, references added
Modeling emotion for human-like behavior in future intelligent robots
Creators: name: Belkaid, Marwen
name: Pessoa, Luiz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Over the past decades, research in cognitive and affective neuroscience has emphasized that emotion is crucial for human intelligence and in fact inseparable from cognition. Concurrently, there has been growing interest in simulating and modeling emotion-related processes in robots and artificial agents. In this opinion paper, our goal is to provide a snapshot of the present landscape in emotion modeling and to show how neuroscience can help advance the current state of the art. We start with an overview of the existing literature on emotion modeling in three areas of research: affective computing, social robotics, and neurorobotics. Briefly summarizing the current state of knowledge on natural emotion, we then highlight how existing proposals in artificial emotion do not make sufficient contact with neuroscientific evidence. We conclude by providing a set of principles to help guide future research in artificial emotion and intelligent machines more generally. Overall, we argue that a stronger integration of emotion-related processes in robot models is critical for the design of human-like behavior in future intelligent machines. Such integration not only will contribute to the development of autonomous social machines capable of tackling real-world problems but would contribute to advancing understanding of human emotion.
АКСИОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ КОМПОНЕНТА КУЛЬТУРЫ
Creators: name: ПЕТРОВА С.И.
Publisher: name: Международный журнал гуманитарных и естественных наук
Year: 2020
Subjects: КУЛЬТУРА
ЦЕННОСТИ
ОБЩЕСТВО
ЧЕЛОВЕК
ЭЛЕМЕНТ
СТАБИЛЬНОСТЬ
CULTURE
VALUES
SOCIETY
PERSON
ELEMENT
STABILITY

description: В статье рассматриваются ценности в качестве одного из определяющих элементов культуры. Отмечается, что культура в ценностном аспекте - это своего рода социальный механизм, позволяющий человеку ориентироваться в окружающем пространстве. Ценность обеспечивает интеграцию общества, помогает человеку принять правильное (социально одобряемое) решение. В ходе исторического развития общества в его культуре происходят несколько параллельных процессов: развитие, модернизация, сохранение, преемственность. С одной стороны, культура поглощает или создает все новые ценности, а с другой - сохраняет свою идентичность. Целостность культуры гарантируется социальным отбором. Любая культура сохраняет в своей основе только то, что соответствует ее логике.
title: Quantum Observer and Kolmogorov Complexity
Creators: name: Grinbaum, Alexei
Publisher: name: Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften
Year: 2013

description: 1 Introduction
2 Observer as a Problem
3 Observer as a System Identification Algorithm
4 Quantum and Classical Systems
5 Elements of Reality
6 Relativity of Observation
7 Experimental Test
8 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Footnotes
title: From Quantum Gravity to Classical Phenomena
Creators: name: Esfeld, Michael
name: Vassallo, Antonio
Publisher: name: Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften
Year: 2013

description: Introduction
1 Canonical Quantum Gravity: A Brief Sketch
2 The Measurement Problem of Quantum Mechanics
3 Two Conservative Solutions of the Measurement Problem
4 The Everett Interpretation
Conclusion: A Dilemma
Footnotes