cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
From lost adhesion to tumor spreading : the upregulation of IGF2BP1 controls a targetable mesenchymal shift in ovarian cancer
Creators: name: Schott, Annekatrin
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 572

description: Das epitheliale Ovarialkarzinom ist mit seiner Heterogenität, häufigen Metastasierung und auftretenden Resistenzen ein komplexes Malignom. Die fast ausschließliche Expression im Tumorgewebe deutet auf eine zentrale Rolle des posttranslationalen Regulators IGF2BP1 hin. Hier wurde gezeigt, dass das mRNA-Bindeprotein IGF2BP1 die SRC-Aktivierung in einem durch Ligandenbindung induzierten, RNA-unabhängigen Mechanismus fördert und gleichzeitig die RAC1-Aktivierung reduziert. Dies beeinträchtigt die AJ-Integrität, fördert EMT und erhält einen mesenchymalen Zellzustand aufrecht. Zusammen mit der RNA-abhängigen Stimulierung der ERK2- und YAP1-Aktivität fördert IGF2BP1 das invasive Wachstum und offenbart sein Potenzial als Biomarker für das SRC- und ERK-Signaling. Eine Kombination von SRC- und MEK-Inhibitoren konnte das IGF2BP1-getriebene invasive Wachstum in vitro und in vivo überwinden und könnte somit einen therapeutischen Nutzen in IGF2BP1-positiven Tumoren bieten.
description: Epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) represents a complex malignancy due to its heterogeneity, frequent metastatic spread and occurring resistances to standard therapies. The almost mutually exclusive expression in tumor tissue suggests a pivotal role of the post-translational regulator IGF2BP1. Here, the mRNA-binding protein IGF2BP1 was shown to promote SRC activation in a ligand binding induced, RNA-independent mechanism and to concomitantly reduce RAC1 activation. This interferes with AJ integrity, promotes EMT and sustains a mesenchymal cell state. Together with the RNA-dependent stimulation of ERK2 and YAP1 activity, IGF2BP1 facilitates invasive growth and reveal its potential as biomarker for interconnected SRC and ERK signaling. A combination of SRC and MEK inhibitors was shown to overcome the IGF2BP1-driven invasive growth in vitro and in vivo providing a therapeutic benefit of a combinatorial treatment in IGF2BP1-positive tumors.
Multi-criteria Anomaly Detection using Pareto Depth Analysis
Creators: name: Hsiao, Ko-Jen
name: Xu, Kevin S.
name: Calder, Jeff
name: Hero, Alfred O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.5; G.3; H.2.8

description: We consider the problem of identifying patterns in a data set that exhibit anomalous behavior, often referred to as anomaly detection. In most anomaly detection algorithms, the dissimilarity between data samples is calculated by a single criterion, such as Euclidean distance. However, in many cases there may not exist a single dissimilarity measure that captures all possible anomalous patterns. In such a case, multiple criteria can be defined, and one can test for anomalies by scalarizing the multiple criteria using a linear combination of them. If the importance of the different criteria are not known in advance, the algorithm may need to be executed multiple times with different choices of weights in the linear combination. In this paper, we introduce a novel non-parametric multi-criteria anomaly detection method using Pareto depth analysis (PDA). PDA uses the concept of Pareto optimality to detect anomalies under multiple criteria without having to run an algorithm multiple times with different choices of weights. The proposed PDA approach scales linearly in the number of criteria and is provably better than linear combinations of the criteria.
description: Removed an unnecessary line from Algorithm 1
Paranoides Denken bei Personen mit paranoider Schizophrenie und gesunden Kontrollen : Assoziation mit traumatischen Erlebnissen und Traumafolgestörungen
Creators: name: Zariqi, Lividona
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Neben genetischen und biochemischen Mechanismen spielen psychosoziale Faktoren eine große Rolle in der Genese paranoiden Denkens bzw. einer paranoiden Schizophrenie. Deshalb soll diese Studie die Einflüsse traumatischer Erfahrungen sowie Traumafolgestörungen, als ein wesentlicher Teil der psychosozialen Faktoren, auf paranoides Denken bei schizophrenen Patienten und gesunden Kontrollen prüfen. In einem cross-sektionalen Vergleich wurden 31 Patienten mit diagnostizierter paranoider Schizophrenie sowie 25 gesunde Kontrollen hinsichtlich des Ausmaßes paranoiden Denkens, der aktuellen Psychopathologie sowie erlebter Traumatisierung bzw. der PTBS untersucht. Die Ergebnisse dieser Arbeit stellen signifikante Zusammenhänge zwischen Traumatisierungen und paranoidem Denken bei Patienten mit einer paranoiden Schizophrenie und bei gesunden Kontrollen heraus. Symptome der Schizophrenie sind hingegen kaum mit Traumata sowie einer PTBS korreliert.
description: Beside genetic and neurobiologic mechanisms psychosocial factors have an impact on the genesis of paranoid thinking or rather paranoid schizophrenia. Therefore this study aims to examine the influence of traumatic experiences and post-traumatic stress disorders, as an important part of psychosocial factors, on paranoid thinking in patients with paranoid schizophrenia and healthy persons. In a cross-sectional comparison 31 patients with paranoid schizophrenia and 25 healthy controls were considered concerning the extent of paranoid thinking, current psychopathology and traumatic experiences and posttraumatic disorders. The results of this work turned out significant coherences between traumatization and paranoid thinking in patients with paranoid schizophrenia and healthy persons. However symptoms of schizophrenia show much less correlations with traumatization.
Lehmer points and visible points on affine varieties over finite fields
Creators: name: Mak, Kit-Ho
name: Zaharescu, Alexandru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11G25, 11K36, 11T99

description: Let $V$ be an absolutely irreducible affine variety over $\mathbb{F}_p$. A Lehmer point on $V$ is a point whose coordinates satisfy some prescribed congruence conditions, and a visible point is one whose coordinates are relatively prime. Asymptotic results for the number of Lehmer points and visible points on $V$ are obtained, and the distribution of visible points into different congruence classes is investigated.
description: 16 pages, accepted for publication in Math. Proc. Cambridge Philos. Soc. Theorem 2 of this paper is improved from the published version
α-Dicarbonyls and degradation of ascorbic acid induce glycation and interfere with neural and immune cell function
Creators: name: Scheffler, Jonas
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Die Entstehung von advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) stellt ein wachsendes Feld der Alternsforschung dar. Neurodegeneration und Immunoseneszenz hängen vermutlich mit AGEs zusammen. Der Abbau von Vitamin C könnte zu diesem Prozess beitragen. Wir konnten zeigen, dass Vitamin C in der Lage ist Glykierung von PC12-Zellen zu induzieren und das Neuritenwachstum zu verringern. Zusätzlich konnte eine Umsatzsteigerung von NCAM, dem neuronalen Zelladhäsionsmolekül und RAGE, dem Rezeptor für AGEs nach Methylglyoxal (MGO)-induzierter Glykierung nachgewiesen werden. Glykierung könnte ebenfalls an altersassoziierten Schäden des Immunsystems beteiligt sein. In dieser Arbeit wird ein negativer Effekt von MGO-induzierter Glykierung auf Konjugatbildung und Cytotoxizität von NK-92-Zellen dargestellt. Die Inkubation von THP-1 Makrophagen mit MGO führte zur Expression pro-inflammatorischer Interleukine und zu verminderter Phagozytose, was auf einen negativen Effekt auf die Makrophagenfunktion hindeutet.
description: The generation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) represents a growing field in ageing research. Neurodegeneration as well as dysregulation of the immune system are connected to accumulation of AGEs. Degradation of ascorbic acid (AA) forms reactive intermediates and could contribute to generation of AGEs in the ageing brain. We could show that AA degradation was able to induce glycation of PC12- cells and interfere with neurite outgrowth. We also demonstrated an increase in turnover of the neuronal cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) and the receptor for AGEs (RAGE) after methylglyoxal (MGO)-induced glycation. Glycation might also take part in age-related impairment of immunity. We discovered a negative effect of MGO-induced glycation on NK-cell conjugate formation and target-lysis. Glycation of THP-1 macrophages led to increased levels of inflammatory cytokines and impaired phagocytic efficiency, indicating negative effect of glycation on macrophage morphology and function.
Two-loop QCD helicity amplitudes for $q\bar q \to W^\pm γ$ and $q\bar q \to Z^0 γ$
Creators: name: Gehrmann, Thomas
name: Tancredi, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The self-couplings of the electroweak gauge bosons are probed at hadron colliders through the production of a massive gauge boson and a photon. To extend the theoretical description of this type of final states towards next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) in QCD, we derive the two-loop QCD corrections to the helicity amplitudes describing the production of a massive gauge boson in association with a real photon. Our results are obtained by applying projectors to the general parton-level tensor structure. The leptonic decay of the vector boson is included, thus allowing for a fully exclusive description of the final state. The infrared poles of the amplitudes are described by an infrared factorization formula. We provide an analytic expression for the finite remainder of the amplitude in terms of one- and two-dimensional harmonic polylogarithms. The amplitudes are expressed in the physical kinematics relevant to gauge-boson-plus-photon production at hadron colliders. As a by-product, we also derive the two-loop QCD amplitudes for vector-boson-plus-jet production at hadron colliders.
description: 36 pages, 2 figures, files with the analytic results for the amplitudes are included with the submission, v4, fixed typo in Eq.(4.12)
(m,n)-type holographic dark energy models
Creators: name: Ling, Yi
name: Pan, Wen-Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct $(m,n)$-type holographic dark energy models at a phenomenological level, which can be viewed as a generalization of agegraphic models with the conformal-like age as the holographic characteristic size. For some values of $(m,n)$ the holographic dark energy can automatically evolve across $ω=-1$ into a phantom phase even without introducing an interaction between the dark energy and background matter. Our construction is also applicable to the holographic dark energy with generalized future event horizon as the characteristic size. Finally, we address the issue on the stability of our model and show that they are generally stable under the scalar perturbation.
description: 18 pages, no figure, Sec. 5 added, introduction and conclusion improved, a reference added, some references updated, published in MPLA
Singular Weyl-Titchmarsh-Kodaira Theory for Jacobi Operators
Creators: name: Eckhardt, Jonathan
name: Teschl, Gerald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 47B36, 34B20 (Primary), 47B39, 34A55 (Secondary)

description: We develop singular Weyl-Titchmarsh-Kodaira theory for Jacobi operators. In particular, we establish existence of a spectral transformation as well as local Borg-Marchenko and Hochstadt-Liebermann type uniqueness results.
description: 16 pages
Hubbard-I approach to the Mott transition
Creators: name: Grzybowski, Przemyslaw R.
name: Chhajlany, Ravindra W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We expose the relevance of double occupancy conservation symmetry in application of the Hubbard-I approach to strongly correlated electron systems. We propose the utility of a composite method, viz. the Hubbard-I method in conjunction with strong coupling perturbation expansion, for studying systems violating the afore--mentioned symmetry. We support this novel approach by presenting a first successful Hubbard-I type calculation for the description of the metal-insulator Mott transition in a strongly correlated electron system with conserved double occupancies, which is a constrained Hubbard Hamiltonian equivalent to the Hubbard bond charge Hamiltonian with $X=t$. In particular, we obtain the phase diagram of this system for arbitrary fillings, including details of the Mott transition at half-filling. We also compare the Hubbard-I band--splitting Mott transition description with results obtained using the standard Gutzwiller Approximation (GA), and show that the two approximate approaches lead to qualitatively different results. In contrast to the GA applied to the system studied here, the Hubbard-I approach compares favourably with known exact results for the $d=1$ dimensional chain.
description: This is the version submitted to Physica Status Solidi B. The final published version, taking into account Referee comments, is available exclusively from the publisher's website
New derived symmetries of some hyperkähler varieties
Creators: name: Addington, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We construct a new autoequivalence of the derived category of the Hilbert scheme of n points on a K3 surface, and of the variety of lines on a smooth cubic 4-fold. For Hilb^2 and the variety of lines, we use the theory of spherical functors; to deal with Hilb^n for n > 2 we develop a theory of P-functors. We conjecture that the same construction yields an autoequivalence for any moduli space of sheaves on a K3 surface. In an appendix we give a cohomology and base change criterion which is well-known to experts, but not well-documented.
description: 56 pages; corrected an error in Lemma 4.3, which did not affect the main results
(-)-disorazole C1 and new analogs : total synthesis and biological evaluation
Creators: name: Lizzadro, Luca
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Krebs
subject: Disorazole
subject: Sorangium cellulosum
subject: Epothilon A Synthese
subject: 660

description: The disorazoles represent a family of powerful cytotoxic natural products isolated in 1994 from the myxobaterium Sorangium cellulosum So ce12. They show a very potent antitubulin activity and a suitable biological profile to be considered as possible candidates for targeted cancer therapy. This work, after a brief description of cancer and its treatment, will be focused on this class of compounds. At first, their biological activities and possible therapeutic use will be discussed, followed by a review of previous synthetic efforts. The main section will report a detailed description of a new synthesis of disorazole C1 1, which is based on a key intermediate of epothilone A synthesis in order to solve one of the major stereochemical issues. The convergent strategy was also employed to produce three novel derivatives (1t, 1r and 1s), and the final section will discuss the results of preliminary biological evaluations of these analogs and future perspective.
description: Die Disorazole stellen eine Familie stark zytotoxischer Naturstoffe dar, die 1994 aus dem Myxobaterium Sorangium cellulosum So ce12 isoliert wurden. Sie zeigen eine sehr starke Antitubulin-Aktivität und ein geeignetes biologisches Profil, um als mögliche Kandidaten für eine zielgerichtete Krebstherapie in Betracht gezogen zu werden. Diese Arbeit konzentriert sich, nach einer kurzen Beschreibung von Krebs und seiner Behandlung, auf diese Klasse von Molekülen. Zuerst werden ihre biologischen Aktivitäten und mögliche therapeutische Verwendung diskutiert, gefolgt von einem Überblick über frühere Syntheseversuche. Der Hauptabschnitt enthält eine detaillierte Beschreibung einer neuen Synthese von Disorazol C1 1, die auf einem Schlüsselintermediat der Epothilon A Synthese basiert, um eines der wichtigsten stereochemischen Probleme zu lösen. Die konvergente Strategie wird auch eingesetzt, um drei neue Derivate (1t, 1r und 1s) herzustellen. Im letzten Abschnitt werden die Ergebnisse vorläufiger biologischer Untersuchungen dieser Analoga bewertet und die Zukunftsperspektive diskutiert.
Virtuelle Kraftwerke im Verteilnetz : systemstützender Betrieb im wirtschaftlichen Kontext : eine gesamtheitliche Betrachtung Virtueller Kraftwerke
Creators: name: Richter, André
Publisher: name: Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Magdeburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Regenerative Energieformen
subject: Virtuelle Kraftwerke
subject: Netzbetriebsführung
subject: Wirtschaftlichkeit
subject: 621.3104

description: Mit der Zunahme von dezentralen, volatilen erneuerbaren Energien steigt auch die Schwierigkeit zur Stabilisierung des Energiesystems Strom. Insbesondere durch den Wegfall von konventionellen Kraftwerken ist es notwendig, geeignete Steuerungskonzep-te zu őnden und Systemdienstleistungen auch aus erneuerbaren Energien bereitzustellen, um ein zuverlässiges und stabiles System zu gewährleisten. Die vorliegende Dissertation liefert mit dem Konzept des Virtuellen Kraftwerks einen Ansatz zur Bündelung von kleinen, dezentralen, erneuerbaren Energien-Anlagen der Mittel- und Niederspannung. Mit dem hier vorgestellten Virtuellen Kraftwerk wird der große Nutzen von gepoolten Anlagen in den Prozessen der Netzbetreiber aufgezeigt und das Gesamtverständnis des techno-ökonomischen Stromsystems erweitert. Darüber hinaus liefert diese Dissertation die Least-Squares-Kombiprognose zur Verbesserung der PV- und Wind-Einspeiseprognose. Den Kernbeitrag stellt die Entwicklung und algorithmische Umsetzung von netzdienlichen Betriebsführungskonzepten für das Virtuelle Kraftwerk dar. Diese zielen auf die Maximierung der Bereitstellung von Regelleistung, Redispatchvermögen und auf die Einhaltung des Day-Ahead-Fahrplans ab. Zudem werden wirtschaftliche Betriebskonzepte umgesetzt, die als ökonomischer Maßstab zur Bewertung der netzdienlichen Konzepte herangezogen werden. Anhand eines exemplarischen Virtuellen Kraftwerks werden die Algorithmen getestet und der große Nutzen der Betriebskonzepte sowie eine Wirtschaftlichkeit (auch ohne EEG-Förderung) nachgewiesen. Abschließend liefern die Analysen Anhand eines Mittelspannungstestnetzes eine Einordnung des Virtuellen Kraftwerkbetriebs in die Netzbetriebsführung. Zu diesem Zweck wird das Cigré-Benchmarknetz rein mit erneuerbaren Energien und Lasten auf Basis von statistischen Werten von EE-dominierten Verteilnetzbetreibern parametrisiert.
On the asymmetric zero-range in the rarefaction fan
Creators: name: Gonçalves, Patricia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60k35

description: We consider the one-dimensional asymmetric zero-range process starting from a step decreasing profile. In the hydrodynamic limit this initial condition leads to the rarefaction fan of the associated hydrodynamic equation. Under this initial condition and for totally asymmetric jumps, we show that the weighted sum of joint probabilities for second class particles sharing the same site is convergent and we compute its limit. For partially asymmetric jumps we derive the Law of Large Numbers for the position of a second class particle under the initial configuration in which all the positive sites are empty, all the negative sites are occupied with infinitely many first class particles and with a single second class particle at the origin. Moreover, we prove that among the infinite characteristics emanating from the position of the second class particle, this particle chooses randomly one of them. The randomness is given in terms of the weak solution of the hydrodynamic equation through some sort of renormalization function. By coupling the zero-range with the exclusion process we derive some limiting laws for more general initial conditions.
description: 22 pages, to appear in Journal of Statistical Physics
The targum (1871:Dec.)
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: Targum Association
Year: 1871

description: Some University historians indicate that the Targum was first published as an annual in 1867, but of this we have no extant evidence. In January 1869, the Targum as we now know it, made its appearance as a monthly paper that concerned itself with student “literary contributions” and college news as well as serving as a vehicle for bringing news to alumni and the general public. The newspaper, which originally was for sale, varied in frequency over the years as did its title (The Targum, Rutgers Targum, Rutgers Daily Targum, and Daily Targum). The newspaper has continuously been published since 1869 with the exception of 19 months during the second world war, between February 1944 and October 1945. The Targum was published by the students of Rutgers College, and later Rutgers University—New Brunswick represented through the years as the Targum Association, Rutgers Targum Association, and Rutgers College Targum. As a student organization, the Targum operated under the oversight of the dean of students and student government but in October 1980, the Targum became an independent college paper.
Analysis of motor performance in Parkinson's disease through LTI dynamical systems
Creators: name: Ashoori, Ahmad
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Motor performance in Parkinson's disease is marked by a variety of impairments, and is indicative of faulty feedback mechanisms in the brain that arise due to a lack of dopamine. Quantifying motor performance as well as investigating the correlation of motor behaviour and clinical measures has been sought as in important avenue to study disease pathophysiology. We propose the use of linear dynamical systems to finely characterize motor performance, and for possible interpretations of neurological phenomena, such as compensatory mechanisms that can be cast in the framework of control theory. While coarse measurements of motor performance exist (e.g., maximum velocity, mean velocity, root mean square error), they often cannot distinguish between qualitatively different types of movement. (Consider for example, the wide variety of step response behaviors possible in second order systems which may have the same settling time, but a wide range of damping ratios.) In contrast, LTI models provide a dynamical mapping of the sensorimotor transformation required in tracking tasks. Model parameters of linear dynamical systems (such as damping ratio, and natural frequency) can more readily describe qualitatively similar motor phenomenon than existing coarse measurements. From time-series data of various manual tracking experiments, we first perform a set of preprocessing techniques dependent on the particular experimental setup. The pre-processing techniques have been carefully evaluated to appropriately address possible noise, nonlinearities, and other data irregularities. We then apply existing tools for system identification (e.g., ARX, ARMAX, subspace methods) to identify numerically robust second-order LTI system models. The choice of system identification method (as well as choice of pre-processing techniques) is critical in determining the variability in the resulting model parameters. We identify parameters of the LTI models which are amenable to comparison across subjects (and across groups), and evaluate their statistical significance. The main contributions of this thesis are: - Selection of pre-processing and system identification techniques for three experimental setups for manual tracking experiments - Control theoretic framework for tremor as a compensatory mechanism that is advantageous in some tracking tasks - Sensor-based assessment of rigidity via decay rate - Assessment of cognitive inflexibility through mode detection and delay
On the speed of convergence of Newton's method for complex polynomials
Creators: name: Bilarev, Todor
name: Aspenberg, Magnus
name: Schleicher, Dierk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate Newton's method for complex polynomials of arbitrary degree $d$, normalized so that all their roots are in the unit disk. For each degree $d$, we give an explicit set $\mathcal{S}_d$ of $3.33d\log^2 d(1 + o(1))$ points with the following universal property: for every normalized polynomial of degree $d$ there are $d$ starting points in $\mathcal{S}_d$ whose Newton iterations find all the roots with a low number of iterations: if the roots are uniformly and independently distributed, we show that with probability at least $1-2/d$ the number of iterations for these $d$ starting points to reach all roots with precision $\varepsilon$ is $O(d^2\log^4 d + d\log|\log \varepsilon|)$. This is an improvement of an earlier result in \cite{Schleicher}, where the number of iterations is shown to be $O(d^4\log^2 d + d^3\log^2d|\log \varepsilon|)$ in the worst case (allowing multiple roots) and $O(d^3\log^2 d(\log d + \log δ) + d\log|\log \varepsilon|)$ for well-separated (so-called $δ$-separated) roots. Our result is almost optimal for this kind of starting points in the sense that the number of iterations can never be smaller than $O(d^2)$ for fixed $\varepsilon$.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure, to appear in AMS Mathematics of Computation
Sgoldstino inflation
Creators: name: Achúcarro, Ana
name: Mooij, Sander
name: Ortiz, Pablo
name: Postma, Marieke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the possibility that inflation is driven by the sgoldstino, the superpartner of the goldstino. Unlike in generic supergravity scenarios, the sgoldstino decouples from all other fields in the theory, which allows for a simple and robust inflationary model. We argue that the two-field model given by this single complex scalar correctly captures the full multifield inflationary phenomenology. On the other hand, the assumption of stability, along the entire inflationary trajectory, of the supersymmetry-preserving sector that is integrated out leads to supplementary constraints on the parent supergravity. We investigate small field, large field and hybrid sgoldstino inflation scenarios and provide some working examples. They are subject to the usual fine-tuning issues that are common to all supergravity models of inflation. We comment on some other recently proposed sgoldstino inflation models.
description: 25 pages, 3 figures, minor clarifications, matches published version
Right-invariant Sobolev metrics of fractional order on the diffeomorphism group of the circle
Creators: name: Escher, Joachim
name: Kolev, Boris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we study the geodesic flow of a right-invariant metric induced by a general Fourier multiplier on the diffeomorphism group of the circle and on some of its homogeneous spaces. This study covers in particular right-invariant metrics induced by Sobolev norms of fractional order. We show that, under a certain condition on the symbol of the inertia operator (which is satisfied for the fractional Sobolev norm $H^{s}$ for $s \ge 1/2$), the corresponding initial value problem is well-posed in the smooth category and that the Riemannian exponential map is a smooth local diffeomorphism. Paradigmatic examples of our general setting cover, besides all traditional Euler equations induced by a local inertia operator, the Constantin-Lax-Majda equation, and the Euler-Weil-Petersson equation.
description: 40 pages. Corrected typos and improved redaction
The visual language of authenticity : mediation and musical performance in the films of the Beatles
Creators: name: Schneider, Paula
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: In the context of scholarship surrounding the areas of mediation, performance, and authenticity, evidence of the media object is frequently blamed for distancing audiences from their musical idols. This thesis, which uses the films of the Beatles and as its main subjects, considers the contradiction born from the fact that while the Beatles were constantly exposed to forces of mediation - when they were not being photographed by journalists, they were in front of a television or film camera – this has not affected audiences’ willingness to interpret the band’s plethora of on-screen performances as authentic. If technology impedes authenticity, I ask why the highly stylized performance sequences in A Hard Day’s Night, for example, are still able to contribute to the Beatles’ authentic image. I contend that the representational strategies employed in the films of the Beatles creates a visual language that is an essential part of the process of authentication, and that this process transcends the boundaries usually created by the politics and aesthetic strategies associated with particular filmic modes. I have chosen five of the Beatles’ feature-length films as subject matter for this thesis, which span a variety of filmic modes ranging from the documentary to the fictional, studio-financed narrative film. After a review of pertinent criticism in Chapter One, Chapter Two explores the Beatles’ film of 1964, including The Beatles! The First U.S. Visit (Albert and David Maysles, 1964), The Making of The Beatles! The First U.S. Visit (Smeaton, 2003), and A Hard Day’s Night (Lester, 1964). Chapter Three investigates the films of the following year, using Help! (Lester, 1965) and The Beatles at Shea Stadium (Bob Precht for ABC, 1965). Using the work of Philip Auslander, Michael Brendan Baker, Thomas Cohen, Simon Frith, Theodore Gracyk, and Jonathan Romney, I explore the ways in which the films of the Beatles deliver contemporary audiences positive insight into technology’s capacity to provide viewers with a sense of immediacy, unpredictability, and “liveness”.
Peripheral virus infection-induced microglial and neuronal alterations
Creators: name: Düsedau, Henning Peter
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Virologie
subject: influenza A viruses (IAV)
subject: microglia
subject: antibodies
subject: 571

description: Infection with influenza A viruses (IAV) may lead to seasonal epidemics among all age groups mainly affecting bronchial epithelial cells of the upper respiratory tract. A viral infection is initially sensed by components of the innate immune system, leading to a swift production of pyrogenic cytokines to mount an anti-viral immune response. However, systemic inflammation is accompanied by fever and further results in altered behavioral routines, such as reduced ap-petite and social isolation, implying a disturbed brain homeostasis that may precede neurolog-ical disorders. Previous experimental studies reported about dysregulation of microglial cells, increased expression of inflammatory cytokines, and compromised hippocampal neuronal mor-phology causing impaired cognition in mice upon influenza infection. However, characteriza-tion of microglia activation and underlying processes of behavioral alterations remained un-addressed. Utilizing a murine infection model with a non-neurotropic IAV strain that mimics the disease progression in humans, this study demonstrates that an infection-induced peripheral immune response is trailed by a temporally disturbed expression of blood-brain barrier-associ-ated proteins. Although histological examination of brains from IAV-infected mice displayed no noticeable pathological effects, in-depth characterization of microglial cells via flow cytom-etry highlighted an increased surface expression of major histocompatibility complex classes I and II, cluster of differentiation (CD) 80, and F4/80 upon infection. Gene expression analysis of lysosomal proteins, scavenger receptors, and complement factors further deciphered an in-creased capacity of microglia-mediated synaptic pruning in IAV-infected mice. Finally, a novel multiplexed flow cytometry-based approach was established and applied to scrutinize previ-ously described neurological alterations. Notably, quantitative analysis of synaptosomes iso-lated from cortex and hippocampus revealed a significant reduction of the vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGLUT1), thereby highlighting a dysbalance in excitatory neurotransmission in IAV-infected mice. In summary, the present study highlights the disturbed CNS homeostasis indicated by distinct microglia activation and altered glutamatergic neurotransmission as a re-sult of the peripheral infection-induced systemic inflammation, further underlining the im-portance of the body-brain axis.
Poincaré duality and unimodularity
Creators: name: Zarhin, Yuri G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14F20

description: It is well known that the cup-product pairing on the complementary integral cohomology groups (modulo torsion) of a compact oriented manifold is unimodular. We prove a similar result for the $\ell$-adic cohomology groups of smooth algebraic varieties.
description: This is a corrected version of my paper [10] that was published in 2012; it turns out that [Lemma 2.5, 10] is wrong. Nevertheless the main results of [10] (Theorem 1.2 and Corollary 1.3) remain valid. Here we present their proofs that are slight modifications of arguments from [10]. I am grateful to Thomas Geisser, who pointed out that Lemma 2.5 of [10] is wrong
WORKSHOP: Using Twine for Nonlinear Storytelling Across The Academic Spectrum (40 mins)
Creators: name: Rigdon, Suzy
Publisher: name: Innovations in Teaching & Learning Conference Proceedings
Year: 2021

description: Learn to use Twine, an open-source, free online program to help students innovate and re-imagine their research and writing processes. From the creative writing classroom to history essays, to biology presentations, this nonlinear program allows for new and fun approaches to (academic) storytelling.
description: Innovations in Teaching & Learning Conference Proceedings, Vol. 13 (2021): Fostering Inclusive Excellence
การคุ้มครองสิทธิที่จะถูกลืมในบริบทการสื่อสารข้อมูลดิจิทัล: ศึกษาเปรียบเทียบกฎหมายคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลของสหภาพยุโรปกับพระราชบัญญัติว่าด้วยการกระทำความผิดเกี่ยวกับคอมพิวเตอร์ ที่แก้ไขเพิ่มเติม พ.ศ. 2560
Creators: name: คณาธิป ทองรวีวงศ์
Publisher: name: Siam Technology College
Year: 2018
Subjects: สิทธิที่จะถูกลืม, การสื่อสารข้อมูลดิจิทัล, กฎหมายคุ้มครองข้อมูลส่วนบุคคลของสหภาพยุโรปพระราชบัญญัติด้วยการกระทำความผิดเกี่ยวกับคอมพิวเตอร์ ที่แก้ไขเพิ่มเติม พ.ศ. 2560

description: วารสารนวัตกรรมและเทคโนโลยีการเรียนรู้วิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีสยาม, 1, 1, 31
An observational test for correlations between cosmic rays and magnetic fields
Creators: name: Stepanov, Rodion
name: Shukurov, Anvar
name: Fletcher, Andrew
name: Beck, Rainer
name: La Porta, Laura
name: Tabatabaei, Fatemeh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the magnitude of fluctuations in total synchrotron intensity in the Milky Way and M33, from both observations and theory under various assumption about the relation between cosmic rays and interstellar magnetic fields. Given the relative magnitude of the fluctuations in the Galactic magnetic field (the ratio of the rms fluctuations to the mean magnetic field strength) suggested by Faraday rotation and synchrotron polarization, the observations are inconsistent with local energy equipartition between cosmic rays and magnetic fields. Our analysis of relative synchrotron intensity fluctuations indicates that the distribution of cosmic rays is nearly uniform at the scales of the order of and exceeding $100\p$, in contrast to strong fluctuations in the interstellar magnetic field at those scales. A conservative upper limit on the ratio of the the fluctuation magnitude in the cosmic ray number density to its mean value is 0.2--0.4 at scales of order 100\,pc. Our results are consistent with a mild anticorrelation between cosmic-ray and magnetic energy densities at these scales, in both the Milky Way and M33. Energy equipartition between cosmic rays and magnetic fields may still hold, but at scales exceeding 1\,kpc. Therefore, we suggest that equipartition estimates be applied to the observed synchrotron intensity smoothed to a linear scale of kiloparsec order (in spiral galaxies) to obtain the cosmic ray distribution and a large-scale magnetic field. Then the resulting cosmic ray distribution can be used to derive the fluctuating magnetic field strength from the data at the original resolution. The resulting random magnetic field is likely to be significantly stronger than existing estimates.
description: submitted to MNRAS
Computertomografie-Marker als Prädiktoren für den Langzeitverlauf bei Patienten mit Hirnblutungen
Creators: name: Kuschel, Jan-Niklas
Publisher: name: Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Hirnblutung
subject: 616.80475

description: In dieser retrospektiven Studie wurde der Einfluss mehrerer bildgebender und nichtbildgebender Marker als Indikatoren für ein erhöhtes Risiko einer Ausdehnung einer intracerebralen Blutung, einer Rezidivblutung sowie einer erhöhten Mortalität bei Patienten mit primärer intracerebraler Blutung untersucht. Es wurden 288 Patienten mit primärer intracerebraler Blutung eingeschlossen, für die die Lokalisation der intracerebralen Blutung (158 lobär, 81 subkortikal, 49 zerebellär), das Volumen der intracerebralen Blutung und das Vorhandensein von Computertomografie-Markern wie Blend Sign, Computertomografie-Angiografie Spot Sign, Finger-like Projections und Subarachnoidalblutung ausgewertet wurde. Unter Verwendung von logistischen Regressionsanalysen sowie Cox-Proportional- Hazard-Modellierungen wurden lokalisationsspezifische Unterschiede der intracerebralen Blutung für demografische (Alter, Geschlecht) und klinische Parameter (vaskuläre Risikofaktoren, Einnahme von Thrombozytenaggregationshemmern und Antikoagulationstherapie) sowie Computertomografie-Marker erfasst. Dabei wurden auch Risikofaktoren für die Ausdehnung einer intracerebralen Blutung, die späte Rezidivblutung und die späte Mortalität analysiert. Es konnten signifikante Assoziationen zwischen dem Vorhandensein eines Blend Signs bei lobären Ausgangs-Blutungen und einer Blutungsausdehnung, einer späten Rezidivblutung sowie einer erhöhten Mortalität festgestellt werden. Eine hohe Korrelation wurde ebenfalls zwischen den Lokalisationen der Ausgangs-Blutung und der Rezidivblutung gefunden. Das Alter, Erkrankungen, die eine Thrombozytenaggregationshemmer-Medikation erfordern, subkortikale Lokalisation der intracerebralen Blutung, das Vorhandensein des Blend Signs sowie das Volumen der intracerebralen Blutung waren unabhängige Parameter, die einen Effekt auf die Gesamtmortalität hatten. Insgesamt stellte das Blend Sign einen zuverlässigen Prädiktor sowohl für ein erhöhtes Expansionsrisiko der intracerebralen Blutung als auch für langfristige Risiken wie eine späte Rezidivblutung und eine späte Mortalität dar und könnte im klinischen Alltag bezüglich der Risikoeinschätzung Anwendung finden.
The heart of a convex body
Creators: name: Brasco, Lorenzo
name: Magnanini, Rolando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate some basic properties of the {\it heart} $\heartsuit(\mathcal{K})$ of a convex set $\mathcal{K}.$ It is a subset of $\mathcal{K},$ whose definition is based on mirror reflections of euclidean space, and is a non-local object. The main motivation of our interest for $\heartsuit(\mathcal{K})$ is that this gives an estimate of the location of the hot spot in a convex heat conductor with boundary temperature grounded at zero. Here, we investigate on the relation between $\heartsuit(\mathcal{K})$ and the mirror symmetries of $\mathcal{K};$ we show that $\heartsuit(\mathcal{K})$ contains many (geometrically and phisically) relevant points of $\mathcal{K};$ we prove a simple geometrical lower estimate for the diameter of $\heartsuit(\mathcal{K});$ we also prove an upper estimate for the area of $\heartsuit(\mathcal{K}),$ when $\mathcal{K}$ is a triangle.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures. appears as "Geometric Properties for Parabolic and Elliptic PDE's", Springer INdAM Series Volume 2, 2013, pp 49-66
Isocurvature Perturbations and Non-Gaussianity of Gravitationally Produced Nonthermal Dark Matter
Creators: name: Chung, Daniel J. H.
name: Yoo, Hojin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational particle production naturally occurs during the transition from the inflationary phase to the non-inflationary phase. If the particles are stable and very weakly interacting, they are natural nonthermal dark matter candidates. We show that such nonthermal dark matter particles can produce local non-Gaussianities large enough to be observed by ongoing and near future experiments without being in conflict with the existing isocurvature bounds. Of particular interest is the fact that these particles can be observable through local non-Gaussianities even when they form a very small fraction of the total dark matter content.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures, version accepted by PRD
First-principles method of propagation of tightly bound excitons: exciton band structure of LiF and verification with inelastic x-ray scattering
Creators: name: Lee, Chi-Cheng
name: Chen, Xiaoqian M.
name: Gan, Yu
name: Yeh, Chen-Lin
name: Hsueh, H. C.
name: Abbamonte, Peter
name: Ku, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a simple first-principles method to describe propagation of tightly bound excitons. By viewing the exciton as a composite object (an effective Frenkel exciton in Wannier orbitals), we define an exciton kinetic kernel to encapsulate the exciton propagation and decay for all binding energy. Applied to prototypical LiF, our approach produces three exciton bands, which we verified quantitatively via inelastic x-ray scattering. The proposed real-space picture is computationally inexpensive and thus enables study of the full exciton dynamics, even in the presence of surfaces and impurity scattering. It also provides intuitive understanding to facilitate practical exciton engineering in semiconductors, strongly correlated oxides, and their nanostructures.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures. Accepted by PRL
Helac-nlo
Creators: name: Bevilacqua, G.
name: Czakon, M.
name: Garzelli, M. V.
name: van Hameren, A.
name: Kardos, A.
name: Papadopoulos, C. G.
name: Pittau, R.
name: Worek, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the OPP technique and the HELAC framework, HELAC-1LOOP is a program that is capable of numerically evaluating QCD virtual corrections to scattering amplitudes. A detailed presentation of the algorithm is given, along with instructions to run the code and benchmark results. The program is part of the HELAC-NLO framework that allows for a complete evaluation of QCD NLO corrections.
description: minor text revisions, version to appear in Comput.Phys.Commun
Singularity results for functional equations driven by linear fractional transformations
Creators: name: Okamura, Kazuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G30, 28A78, 28A80

description: We consider functional equations driven by linear fractional transformations, which are special cases of de Rham's functional equations. We consider Hausdorff dimension of the measure whose distribution function is the solution. We give a necessary and sufficient condition for singularity. We also show that they have a relationship with stationary measures.
description: 14 pages, Title changed, to appear in Journal of Theoretical Probability
Long runs under a conditional limit distribution
Creators: name: Broniatowski, Michel
name: Caron, Virgile
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper presents a sharp approximation of the density of long runs of a random walk conditioned on its end value or by an average of a function of its summands as their number tends to infinity. In the large deviation range of the conditioning event it extends the Gibbs conditional principle in the sense that it provides a description of the distribution of the random walk on long subsequences. An approximation of the density of the runs is also obtained when the conditioning event states that the end value of the random walk belongs to a thin or a thick set with a nonempty interior. The approximations hold either in probability under the conditional distribution of the random walk, or in total variation norm between measures. An application of the approximation scheme to the evaluation of rare event probabilities through importance sampling is provided. When the conditioning event is in the range of the central limit theorem, it provides a tool for statistical inference in the sense that it produces an effective way to implement the Rao-Blackwell theorem for the improvement of estimators; it also leads to conditional inference procedures in models with nuisance parameters. An algorithm for the simulation of such long runs is presented, together with an algorithm determining the maximal length for which the approximation is valid up to a prescribed accuracy.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/13-AAP975 the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org). arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1010.3616