cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Generalized Preferential Attachment Model for Business Firms Growth Rates: II. Mathematical Treatment
Creators: name: Buldyrev, S. V.
name: Pammolli, F.
name: Riccaboni, M.
name: Yamasaki, K.
name: Fu, D.
name: Matia, K.
name: Stanley, H. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We present a preferential attachment growth model to obtain the distribution $P(K)$ of number of units $K$ in the classes which may represent business firms or other socio-economic entities. We found that $P(K)$ is described in its central part by a power law with an exponent $ϕ=2+b/(1-b)$ which depends on the probability of entry of new classes, $b$. In a particular problem of city population this distribution is equivalent to the well known Zipf law. In the absence of the new classes entry, the distribution $P(K)$ is exponential. Using analytical form of $P(K)$ and assuming proportional growth for units, we derive $P(g)$, the distribution of business firm growth rates. The model predicts that $P(g)$ has a Laplacian cusp in the central part and asymptotic power-law tails with an exponent $ζ=3$. We test the analytical expressions derived using heuristic arguments by simulations. The model might also explain the size-variance relationship of the firm growth rates.
description: 19 pages 6 figures Applications of Physics in Financial Analysis, APFA5
Additional file 1 of The ELSA trial: single versus combinatory effects of non-prohibited beta-2 agonists on skeletal muscle metabolism, cardio-pulmonary function and endurance performance—study protocol for a randomized 4-way balanced cross-over trial
Creators: name: Zügel, Martina
name: Bizjak, Daniel A.
name: Nussbaumer, Dorle
name: Winkert, Kay
name: Takabayashi, Kensuke
name: Kirsten, Johannes
name: Washington, Mickel
name: Treff, Gunnar
name: Dreyhaupt, Jens
name: Steeb, Luise
name: Diel, Patrick
name: Parr, Maria Kristina
name: Steinacker, Jürgen M.
name: Persch, Hasema
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. ELSA trial exclusion criteria.
MOESM1 of 90-gene signature assay for tissue origin diagnosis of brain metastases
Creators: name: Zheng, Yulong
name: Ding, Yongfeng
name: Wang, Qifeng
name: Sun, Yifeng
name: Teng, Xiaodong
name: Gao, Qiqi
name: Zhong, Weixiang
name: Lou, Xiaofeng
name: Xiao, Cheng
name: Chen, Chengshu
name: Xu, Qinghua
name: Xu, Nong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. List of 21 tumor types.
A comparison of the reproductive and behavioural differences in feral and domestic Japanese quail
Creators: name: Nichols, Cathleen Rose
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Aspects of reproduction of feral and domestic Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) were compared under a semi-natural setting: 1) the frequencies of courtship displays and mating behaviour with relation to age, time of day, and the female's laying cycle; 2) pair formation and maintenance; mate guarding, and extra-pair activities; 3) fecundity, hatchability, fertility, chick mortality, and duration of parent-chick association. All but two of the courtship displays and behavioural components reported in the literature were exhibited by both domestic Japanese quail and feral quail in this study. Two hitherto unreported displays (Dancing and Leading) were also observed performed by for both domestic and feral quail. Feral males crowed less than domestic males, but unlike the domestic males, varied their crowing frequency during the female’ s laying cycle. Domestic males performed fewer courtship displays, but copulated more frequently than feral males. Feral males were more aggressive towards both males and females than were domestic males. Domestic females, however, were significantly more aggressive towards males than were feral females. Display frequencies and mating behaviour were higher in the morning than afternoon, and higher in two-year old birds than in yearlings for both feral and domestic quail. Generally, feral males were paired with one female for the whole season, whereas domestic males had shorter pair bonds and frequently switched mates. Domestic males attempted proportionally more forced extra-pair copulations than feral males, and only associated closely with females when their eggs could be fertilized. Feral females produced one successful clutch per season and renested only if nesting was disrupted prior to incubation, while domestic females produced up to three clutches per season. Clutch size, hatchability, fertility, and chick mortality were similar for both feral and domestic quail. Facultative nest parasitism was seen for both feral and domestic quail. In this study domestic Japanese quail showed a behavioural repertoire much like feral quail. This suggests domestication was not "degenerative"; instead behavioural components may not be expressed in domestic conditions that lack the appropriate eliciting stimuli.
Additional file 2 of The ELSA trial: single versus combinatory effects of non-prohibited beta-2 agonists on skeletal muscle metabolism, cardio-pulmonary function and endurance performance—study protocol for a randomized 4-way balanced cross-over trial
Creators: name: Zügel, Martina
name: Bizjak, Daniel A.
name: Nussbaumer, Dorle
name: Winkert, Kay
name: Takabayashi, Kensuke
name: Kirsten, Johannes
name: Washington, Mickel
name: Treff, Gunnar
name: Dreyhaupt, Jens
name: Steeb, Luise
name: Diel, Patrick
name: Parr, Maria Kristina
name: Steinacker, Jürgen M.
name: Persch, Hasema
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Statistical Analysis Plan.
Cross-Country Differences in Entrepreneurial Internationalization Tendencies: Evidence from Germany and Pakistan
Creators: name: Middermann, Laura H.
name: Rashid, Lubna
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 330 Wirtschaft
subject: international entrepreneurship
subject: emerging markets
subject: cross-country
subject: entrepreneurial orientation
subject: global mindset
subject: institutional theory
subject: mindset theory
subject: entrepreneurial cognition

description: Previous research has emphasized the importance of entrepreneurial characteristics for international entrepreneurship, hence the application of concepts such as entrepreneurial orientation and global mindset to the study of entrepreneurial internationalization tendencies (EIT). However, literature does not adequately address how EIT differ between countries or manifest in fragile country settings. We address this gap through a quantitative study to investigate EIT in two national settings that largely differ in terms of development, institutional stability, and culture. Through the lens of the institutional theory and the mindset theory, we therefore piloted the study on 112 high-growth startups in Germany and Pakistan. Our findings show, that while entrepreneurs in Germany and Pakistan show comparable levels of innovativeness and proactiveness, they significantly differ in other EIT measures. German entrepreneurs appear to have higher levels of risk-taking, which when explained through the institutional theory lens can be attributed to the higher institutional stability and support as well as social security in Germany. This potentially makes engagement in risky activities, such as business internationalization, more appealing than in Pakistan. However, despite having lower international cognition and international knowledge compared to Germany, Pakistani entrepreneurs appear to exhibit higher degrees of international behavior.
A computable formula for the class number of the imaginary quadratic field $Q(\sqrt{-p}), \ p=4n-1$
Creators: name: Garcia, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A formula for the class number $h$ of the imaginary quadratic field $Q(\sqrt{-p}$ is obtained by counting on a specific way the quadratic residues of a prime number of the form $p=4n-1.$ Formulas for the sum of the quadratic residues are also found.
description: None
Neurexan (Nx4) acts on regions in the brain improving emotion regulation
Creators: name: Herrmann, Luisa
name: Vicheva, Petya
name: Kasties, Vanessa
name: Danyeli, Lena V.
name: Szycik, Gregor R.
name: Denzel, Dominik
name: Fan, Yan
name: Van der Meer, Johan
name: Vester, Johannes C.
name: Eskoetter, Herbert
name: Schultz, Myron
name: Walter, Martin
Publisher: name: Heel GmbH
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 32
subject: Biomedical and clinical sciences
classificationCode: 3209
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
classificationCode: 320903
subject: Central nervous system
classificationCode: 320221
subject: Psychiatry (incl. psychotherapy)
classificationCode: 5203
subject: Clinical and health psychology

description: This is a plain language summary of a published peer-reviewed article. It refers to a clinical trial demonstrating effects of the natural medication Neurexan in reducing hyperactivity in a brain region responsible for emotional processing. 

This summary was not peer-reviewed but it represents the opinions of the authors.  For a full list of declarations, including funding and author disclosure statements, please read the full open-access article online.
Entrepreneurship Education and Sustainable Development Goals: A literature Review and a Closer Look at Fragile States and Technology-Enabled Approaches
Creators: name: Rashid, Lubna
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 333 Boden- und Energiewirtschaft
subject: Sustainable Development Goals
subject: entrepreneurship education and training
subject: fragile states
subject: educational technology

description: Entrepreneurship has the potential to reduce poverty, stimulate economic growth and boost innovation, in addition to enhancing social and environmental sustainability. In accordance with the human capital theory and previous empirical studies, it is assumed that entrepreneurship education and training (EET) directly correlates with positive entrepreneurial outcomes and therefore sustainable development. Although several scholars have attempted to review and analyze EET literature over the past decade, none of these reviews directly links EET with sustainable development or focuses on the role and status of EET (research) in less-stable areas of the world. This systematic review thus attempts to analyze recent literature to identify the extent to which EET research addresses Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The review identifies several gaps in research and practice that potentially hinder EET from adequately advancing sustainable development, including a dearth of research on fragile states and demographic diversity, limited EET access to non-university students and a general lack of focus on educational technology, progressive education approaches, and innovation in fragile countries compared to stable ones. The review also identifies challenges pertaining to EET resource constraints in fragile contexts. The paper concludes by offering insights on how educational technology could mitigate EET challenges in fragile environments to ultimately ease some barriers towards SDG advancement and provides recommendations for future research directions.
Efficacy of Oxyfluorfen Herbicide on the Weed Control, Yield and Profitability of Onion (Allium cepa l.)
Creators: name: Khan, M. A.
name: Sarker, R.
name: Rahman, M. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: A field study was conducted at Spices Research Sub-Centre (SRSC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Faridpur, Bangladesh during winter season of 2021-2022 to find out the efficacy of weed control practices on the growth, yield, quality and profitability of onion with the variety BARI Piaz-4. In the study eight treatments such as: T1- control as check (no weeding), T2- 3 HW at 25, 45 and 65 DAT, T3- 4 HW at 24, 45, 65 and 85 DAT, T4- PE spray of oxyfluorfen, T5- PE spray of oxyfluorfen + one HW at 45 DAT, T6- POE spray of oxyfluorfen at 45 DAT, T7- PE spray of oxyfluorfen + POE spray of oxyfluorfen at 45 DAT and T8- PE spray of oxyfluorfen + two HW at 45 & 65 DAT were compared. Oxyfluorfen 23.5 EC @ 250g a.i./litre was used in the experiment. The study was investigated in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The study revealed that the weed control treatments under the study significantly influenced the characters of weed growth and parameters of growth, development, yield, quality & profitability of onion except neck size and dry matter of bulb. The trial field of onion was infested with 14 species of weeds. Among them, Chenopodium album (lambquarters/bathua) was found as pre-dominant weed with average relative weed composition (59.06%) followed by RWC (18.43%) of Physalis angulata (cutleaf ground cherry).The T3 gave the highest WCE (97.99%) insignificantly followed by T2 (96.58%), T8 (89.41%) and T5 (87.13%). The lowest WCE (38.08%) was observed with T4. The T3 had the maximum fresh yield of onion bulb (19.27 t/ha) insignificantly followed by T2 (18.76 t/ha) and T8 (18.09 t/ha). However, the T1 produced the lowest fresh yield of onion bulb (8.83 t/ha). The highest benefit-cost ratio (BCR) was calculated from the T5 (2.38) closely followed by T8 (2.36) and T2 (2.33). Nevertheless, the lowest BCR (1.36) was obtained from the T1 followed by the T4 (1.79). Growing Transplanting Aman rice before onion crop suppressed emergence of Cyperus rotandus (mutha) under the present study.
Dust Traps and the Formation of Cavities in Transition Discs: A millimetre to sub-millimetre comparison survey
Creators: name: Norfolk, Brodie J.
name: Maddison, Sarah T.
name: Pinte, Christophe
name: van der Marel, Nienke
name: Booth, Richard A.
name: Francis, Logan
name: Gonzalez, Jean-François
name: Ménard, François
name: Wright, Chris M.
name: van der Plas, Gerrit
name: Garg, Himanshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin of the inner dust cavities observed in transition discs remains unknown. The segregation of dust and size of the cavity is expected to vary depending on which clearing mechanism dominates grain evolution. We present the results from the Discs Down Under program, an 8.8 mm continuum Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) survey targeting 15 transition discs with large (> 20 au) cavities, and compare the resulting dust emission to Atacama Large millimetre/sub-millimetre Array (ALMA) observations. Our ATCA observations resolve the inner cavity for 8 of the 14 detected discs. We fit the visibilities and reconstruct 1D radial brightness models for 10 sources with a S/N > 5sigma. We find that, for sources with a resolved cavity in both wavebands, the 8.8 mm and sub-mm brightness distributions peak at the same radius from the star. We suggest that a similar cavity size for 8.8 mm and sub-mm dust grains is due to a dust trap induced by the presence of a companion.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures
Features of pulsed synchronization of a systems with a tree-dimensional phase space
Creators: name: Kuznetsov, A. P.
name: Stankevich, N. V.
name: Turukina, L. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Features of synchronization picture in the system with the limit cycle embedded in a three-dimensional phase space are considered. By the example of Ressler system and Dmitriev - Kislov generator under the action of a periodic sequence of delta - function it is shown, that synchronization picture significantly depends on the direction of pulse action. Features of synchronization tons appeared in these models are observed.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures
Additional file 3 of The ELSA trial: single versus combinatory effects of non-prohibited beta-2 agonists on skeletal muscle metabolism, cardio-pulmonary function and endurance performance—study protocol for a randomized 4-way balanced cross-over trial
Creators: name: Zügel, Martina
name: Bizjak, Daniel A.
name: Nussbaumer, Dorle
name: Winkert, Kay
name: Takabayashi, Kensuke
name: Kirsten, Johannes
name: Washington, Mickel
name: Treff, Gunnar
name: Dreyhaupt, Jens
name: Steeb, Luise
name: Diel, Patrick
name: Parr, Maria Kristina
name: Steinacker, Jürgen M.
name: Persch, Hasema
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. SPIRIT checklist for Trials.
Некоторые комментарии к таксономии в статье И. В. Шароновой и А. С. Курочкина "материалы о распространении на территории Самарской области видов растений и животных, внесенных в региональную Красную книгу. Сообщение 3 (для Нефтегорского, Пестравского, Похвистневского, Сергиевского, Хворостянского, Шенталинского и Шигонского районов Самарской области)"
Creators: name: Васюков В.М.
name: Конева Н.В.
Publisher: name: Самарская Лука: проблемы региональной и глобальной экологии
Year: 2019
Subjects: ТАКСОНОМИЯ
СОСУДИСТЫЕ РАСТЕНИЯ

description: В рецензии приводятся некоторые комментарии к таксономии базы данных «Catalogue of Life» и использовании ее в отечественной систематике растений и флористике.
The '96 GeV excess' at the LHC
Creators: name: Biekötter, T.
name: Chakraborti, M.
name: Heinemeyer, S.
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: new physics
Higgs particle: doublet: 2
CERN LHC Coll
CERN LEP Stor
decay modes
two-photon
Higgs particle: singlet
CMS

description: IAS Program on High Energy Physics (HEP) 2020, HEP 2020, Hongkong, China, 6 Jan 2020 - 24 Jan 2020; 7 pp. (2020).
description: The CMS collaboration reported an intriguing ∼ 3σ (local) excess at 96 GeV in the light Higgs-boson search in the diphoton decay mode. This mass coincides with a ∼ 2σ (local) excess in the $b\overline{b}$ final state at LEP. We briefly review the proposed combined interpretations for the two excesses. In more detail we review the interpretation of this possible signal as the lightest Higgs boson in the 2 Higgs Doublet Model with an additional real Higgs singlet (N2HDM). We show which channels have the best prospects for the discovery of additional Higgs bosons at the upcoming Run 3 of the LHC.
Entropy considerations in constraining the mSUGRA parameter space
Creators: name: Nunez, Dario
name: Sussman, Roberto A.
name: Zavala, Jesus
name: Nellen, Lukas
name: Cabral-Rosetti, Luis G.
name: Mondragón, Myriam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the use of two criteria to constraint the allowed parameter space in mSUGRA models. Both criteria are based in the calculation of the present density of neutralinos as dark matter in the Universe. The first one is the usual ``abundance'' criterion which is used to calculate the relic density after the ``freeze-out'' era. To compute the relic density we used the numerical public code micrOMEGAs. The second criterion applies the microcanonical definition of entropy to a weakly interacting and self-gravitating gas evaluating then the change in the entropy per particle of this gas between the ``freeze-out'' era and present day virialized structures. An ``entropy-consistency'' criterion emerges by comparing theoretical and empirical estimates of this entropy. The main objective of our work is to determine for which regions of the parameter space in the mSUGRA model are both criteria consistent with the 2$σ$ bounds according to WMAP for the relic density: $0.0945
description: 5 pages, 1 figure. To appear in the Proceedings of X Mexican Workshop on Particles and Fields, Morelia Michoac\'an, M\'exico, November 7-12, 2005
An in-service model for training the teacher in facilitating the play of the emotionally disturbed child
Creators: name: Aderem, Michele
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Research demonstrates how the poor play skills of emotionally disturbed children hamper their social, emotional and cognitive growth. It also points to adult intervention as being highly effective in fostering the play of the non-playing child. There is however, little documentation on studies undertaken to training teachers in this field. The rationale for this paper is the need to find ways to maintain children with emotional and behavioural difficulties in mainstream programs given that preschools and daycares are not able to absorb them and limited special needs placements are available. The development of a play training model for teachers can be useful not only to those working with children with high emotional needs, but to all teachers, as well as to parents, who seek more active ways to join with their children's play. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether teachers, through participation in a series of five in-service workshops, could increase specific skills thought to foster the symbolic play of emotionally disturbed children and could decrease the frequency of other skills, considered in the literature to limit the child's play. This study examined the effect of a five-week in-service training on the habitually used play skills of four teachers in a preschool setting. Two instruments were used to measure the effectiveness of the training: a Q-Sort for self-evaluation and independent observation. In the Q-Analysis, subjects were asked to describe their behaviours during "free play" time by rank ordering, (according to a quasi-normal distribution) a comprehensive list of items, each describing one behaviour. The items were gathered from theory and research, as well as informal observations of behaviours used prior to training by the subjects. The item scores for each subject were correlated and factor analyzed. Two independent observers rated the subjects' behaviours pre and post training, according to a checklist of 51 of the Q-Sort items. The post-scores were graphed and compared to the pre-scores for each subject. The mean pre-post scores of each item were assessed for significance using a dependent T-Test at the p< .05 level. The Q-Sort results differed from that of the independent observation. The Q-Sort measured an overall significant increase (1 Z-Score or more) in 28.3% of Desirable behaviours and an overall significant decrease in 39.9% of Less Desirable behaviours. The Independent observation measured significant increases (based on the T-Test at the p<.05 level) in 93.1% of Desirable behaviours and significant decreases in 79% of Less Desirable behaviours. It was concluded that, while this study shows promise in training teachers to be facilitators of play, the instrument of measurement needs to be refined and the study extended to larger numbers.
Error Correction and Digitalization Concepts in Biochemical Computing
Creators: name: Fedichkin, L.
name: Katz, E.
name: Privman, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We offer a theoretical design of new systems that show promise for digital biochemical computing, including realizations of error correction by utilizing redundancy, as well as signal rectification. The approach includes information processing using encoded DNA sequences, DNAzyme biocatalyzed reactions and the use of DNA-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles. Digital XOR and NAND logic gates and copying (fanout) are designed using the same components.
description: 14 pages in PDF
Real-Time Denoising of Volumetric Path Tracing for Direct Volume Rendering
Creators: name: Iglesias-Guitian, Jose A.
name: Mane, Prajita
name: Moon, Bochang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Direct Volume Rendering (DVR) using Volumetric Path Tracing (VPT) is a scientific visualization technique that simulates light transport with objects' matter using physically-based lighting models. Monte Carlo (MC) path tracing is often used with surface models, yet its application for volumetric models is difficult due to the complexity of integrating MC light-paths in volumetric media with none or smooth material boundaries. Moreover, auxiliary geometry-buffers (G-buffers) produced for volumes are typically very noisy, failing to guide image denoisers relying on that information to preserve image details. This makes existing real-time denoisers, which take noise-free G-buffers as their input, less effective when denoising VPT images. We propose the necessary modifications to an image-based denoiser previously used when rendering surface models, and demonstrate effective denoising of VPT images. In particular, our denoising exploits temporal coherence between frames, without relying on noise-free G-buffers, which has been a common assumption of existing denoisers for surface-models. Our technique preserves high-frequency details through a weighted recursive least squares that handles heterogeneous noise for volumetric models. We show for various real data sets that our method improves the visual fidelity and temporal stability of VPT during classic DVR operations such as camera movements, modifications of the light sources, and editions to the volume transfer function.
description: 13 pages, 19 figures, project page available at http://www.j4lley.com/content/publications/2020-ieee-tvcg-mcdvr-denoising/index.html IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics (2020)
Perihelion precession for modified Newtonian gravity
Creators: name: Schmidt, H. -J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the perihelion precession delta for nearly circular orbits in a central potential V(r). Differently from other approaches to this problem, we do not assume that the potential is close to the Newtonian one. The main idea in the deduction is to apply the underlying symmetries of the system to show that delta must be a function of r V''(r)/V'(r), and to use the transformation behaviour of delta in a rotating system of reference. This is equivalent to say, that the effective potential can be written in a one-parameter set of possibilities as sum of centrifugal potential and potential of the central force. We get a universal formula for delta. It has to be read as follows: a circular orbit at this value r exists and is stable if and only if this delta is a well-defined real; and if this is the case, then the angular difference from one perihelion to the next one for nearly circular orbits at this r is exactly 2 pi + delta. Then we show how to apply this result to examples of recent interest like modified Newtonian gravity and linearized fourth-order gravity. In the second part of the paper, we generalize this universal formula to static spherically symmetric space-times. For the Schwarzschild black hole with mass parameter m > 0 it leads to a surprisingly unknown formula. It represents a strict result and is applicable for all values r > 6m and is in good agreement with the fact that stable circular orbits exist for r > 6m only.
description: updated version by inclusion of curved space-times and new references, 26 pages, no figure
Odontaspididae
Creators: name: Golani, Daniel
name: Fricke, Ronald
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Chondrichthyes
Lamniformes
Odontaspididae

description: ODONTASPIDIDAE   Carcharias taurus Rafinesque 1810
 Red Sea: (Compagno 1984, as Eugomphodus taurus); Egypt (Haroun et al. 2017).
 Gulf of Suez: ¯
 Gulf of Aqaba: ¯
 Red Sea main basin: ¯
 General distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm temperate seas.
 Carcharias tricuspidatus Day 1878
 Gulf of Suez: ¯
 Gulf of Aqaba: ¯
 Red Sea main basin: Eritrea (Tortonese 1935).
 General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa east to Philippines.
description: Published as part of Golani, Daniel & Fricke, Ronald, 2018, Checklist of the Red Sea Fishes with delineation of the Gulf of Suez, Gulf of Aqaba, endemism and Lessepsian migrants, pp. 1-215 in Zootaxa 4509 (1) on pages 7-8, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4509.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2607566
Generation of fragment angular momentum in fission
Creators: name: Randrup, J.
name: Vogt, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recent analysis of experimental data [J. Wilson $et. al$, Nature $\mathbf 590$, 566 (2021)] found that the angular momenta of nuclear fission fragments are uncorrelated. Based on this finding, the authors concluded that the spins are therefore determined only $after$ scission has occurred. We show here that the nucleon-exchange mechanism, as implemented in the well-established event-by-event fission model $\mathtt{FREYA}$, while agitating collective rotational modes in which the two spins are highly correlated, nevertheless leads to fragment spins that are largely uncorrelated. This fact invalidates the reasoning of those authors. Furthermore, it was reported [J. Wilson $et. al$, Nature $\mathbf 590$, 566 (2021)] that the mass dependence of the average fragment spin has a sawtooth structure. We demonstrate that such a behavior naturally emerges when shell and deformation effects are included in the moments of inertia of the fragments at scission.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
title: Designing for Ambivalence: A designer’s research into the role of smartphones for mothers and young children
Creators: name: Yurman, Paulina
Publisher: name: Goldsmiths, University of London
Year: 2019

description: This practice-based research explores the role of smartphones for mothers of pre-school children who are their primary carers. For many women, the first few years of motherhood demand the complex negotiation of maternal and non-maternal identities. A period loaded with idealisations of motherhood and childhood, this is often a time of isolation in which mothers use and adapt surrounding resources to respond to multiple demands. In this context, the smartphone is at times used for connecting to work or to non-domestic realms, and at others is given to young children to keep quiet or entertained. Transforming from tool into toy, the smartphone becomes object of competition for parental attention, but equally turns the mother into a rival since its use is often shared. Smartphones represent work, autonomy or distraction for the mother, but also play and pacification for the child, offering multiple and competing discourses that this research explores. During the trajectory of this research, I have developed a series of experimental and critical design proposals that give form to behaviours brought by smartphones in the childrearing task. The development of these proposals formed the first stage of exploration in this research. A second stage took place in the encounters between people and the designs. At times producing both attraction and rejection, the design proposals helped me engage in conversation with others about practices, often private, that are ridden with ambivalence and guilt. Informed by critical design, psychoanalytic and feminist perspectives, this research is an example of the possibilities for design to expose unintended uses of technology, to challenge conventional user portrayals by depicting mothers as complex users and to explore potentials for change.
Magnetic Field-Induced Superconductor-Insulator-Metal Transition in an Organic Conductor: An Infrared Magneto-Optical Imaging Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Nishi, Tatsuhiko
name: Kimura, Shin-ichi
name: Takahashi, Toshiharu
name: Im, Hojun
name: Kwon, Yong-seung
name: Ito, Takahiro
name: Miyagawa, Kazuya
name: Taniguchi, Hiromi
name: Kawamoto, Atsushi
name: Kanoda, Kazushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic field-induced superconductor-insulator-metal transition (SIMT) in partially deuterated $κ$-(BEDT-TTF)$_2$Cu[N(CN)$_2$]Br, which is just on the Mott boundary, has been observed using the infrared magneto-optical imaging spectroscopy. The infrared reflectivity image on the sample surface revealed that the metallic (or superconducting) and insulating phases coexist and they have different magnetic field dependences. One of the magnetic field dependence is SIMT that appeared on part of the sample surface. The SIMT was concluded to originate from the balance of the inhomogenity in the sample itself and the disorder of the ethylene end groups resulting from fast cooling.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. B
Rotational Mass Shedding from Asteroid (6478) Gault
Creators: name: Luu, J. X.
name: Jewitt, D. C.
name: Mutchler, M.
name: Agarwal, J.
name: Kim, Y.
name: Li, J.
name: Weaver, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $\sim$4 km diameter main belt asteroid 6478 Gault has ejected dust intermittently since at least 2013. The character of the emission, including its episodic nature and the low speed of the ejected particles ($V \sim $ 0.15 m s$^{-1}$), is most consistent with mass loss from a body rotating near rotational breakup. Owing to dust contamination of the nucleus signal, this conclusion has not yet been confirmed. To test this idea, we have obtained new images of Gault in August 2020, in the absence of dust. Our photometry shows a lightcurve having a very small amplitude (maximum $\sim 0.05$ mag) and a periodicity of $ 2.55 \pm 0.10$ hours. The new observations are consistent with a model in which Gault is rotating near breakup, with centrifugal forces responsible for its episodic mass loss. Approximated as a strengthless (fluid) spherical body, the implied density is $ρ$ = 1700 kg m$^{-3}$. We use the Froude number $Fr$, defined here as the ratio between centrifugal force and gravitational force, as a way to investigate mass loss regimes in fast spinning asteroids and find that mass shedding starts at $Fr \sim 0.5$.
description: 26 pages, 7 figures; typos corrected, 1 revised figure
Interaction-Induced Adiabatic Cooling for Antiferromagnetism in Optical Lattices
Creators: name: Daré, A. -M.
name: Raymond, L.
name: Albinet, G.
name: Tremblay, A. -M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the experimental context of cold-fermion optical lattices, we discuss the possibilities to approach the pseudogap or ordered phases by manipulating the scattering length or the strength of the laser-induced lattice potential. Using the Two-Particle Self-Consistent Approach as well as Quantum Monte Carlo simulations, we provide isentropic curves for the two- and three-dimensional Hubbard models at half-filling. These quantitative results are important for practical attempts to reach the ordered antiferromagnetic phase in experiments on optical lattices of two-component fermions. We find that adiabatically turning on the interaction in two dimensions to cool the system is not very effective. In three dimensions, adiabatic cooling to the antiferromagnetic phase can be achieved in such a manner although the cooling efficiency is not as high as initially suggested by Dynamical Mean-Field Theory. Adiabatic cooling by turning off the repulsion beginning at strong coupling is possible in certain cases.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Virgo Galaxies with Long One-Sided HI Tails
Creators: name: Chung, Aeree
name: van Gorkom, J. H.
name: Kenney, Jeffrey D. P.
name: Vollmer, Bernd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a new HI imaging survey of Virgo galaxies (VIVA: VLA Imaging of Virgo galaxies in Atomic gas), we find 7 spiral galaxies with long HI tails. The morphology varies but all the tails are extended well beyond the optical radii on one side. These galaxies are found in intermediate-low density regions (0.6-1 Mpc in projection from M87). The tails are all pointing roughly away from M87, suggesting that these tails may have been created by a global cluster mechanism. While the tidal effects of the cluster potential are too small, a rough estimate suggests that simple ram-pressure stripping indeed could have formed the tails in all but two cases. At least three systems show HI truncation to within the stellar disk, providing evidence for a gas-gas interaction. Although most of these galaxies do not appear disturbed optically, some have close neighbors, suggesting that tidal interactions may have moved gas outwards making it more susceptible to the ICM ram-pressure or viscosity. Indeed, a simulation study of one of the tail galaxies, NGC 4654, suggests that the galaxy is most likely affected by the combined effect of a gravitational interaction and ram-pressure stripping. We conclude that these one-sided HI tail galaxies have recently arrived in the cluster, falling in on highly radial orbits. It appears that galaxies begin to lose their gas already at intermediate distances from the cluster center through ram-pressure or turbulent viscous stripping and tidal interactions with neighbours, or a combination of both.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures (including 1 plate), accepted for accepted for publication in ApJ Letter (vol. 659, L115), a version with full resolution Plate 1 is available from http://www.astro.umass.edu/~achung/astro-ph/viva_tail.pdf
Spitzer IRAC observations of JWST calibration stars
Creators: name: Krick, Jessica E.
name: Lowrance, Patrick
name: Carey, Sean
name: Laine, Seppo
name: Grillmair, Carl
name: Van Dyk, Schuyler D.
name: Glaccum, William J.
name: Ingalls, James G.
name: Rieke, George
name: Hora, Joseph L.
name: Fazio, Giovanni G.
name: Gordon, Karl D.
name: Bohlin, Ralph C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present infrared photometry of all 36 potential JWST calibrators for which there is archival Spitzer IRAC data. This photometry can then be used to inform stellar models necessary to provide absolute calibration for all JWST instruments. We describe in detail the steps necessary to measure IRAC photometry from archive retrieval to photometric corrections. To validate our photometry we examine the distribution of uncertainties from all detections in all four IRAC channels as well as compare the photometry and its uncertainties to those from models, ALLWISE, and the literature. 75% of our detections have standard deviations per star of all observations within each channel of less than three percent. The median standard deviations are 1.2, 1.3, 1.1, and 1.9% in [3.6] - [8.0] respectively. We find less than 8% standard deviations in differences of our photometry with ALLWISE, and excellent agreement with literature values (less than 3% difference) lending credence to our measured fluxes. JWST is poised to do ground-breaking science, and accurate calibration and cross-calibration with other missions will be part of the underpinnings of that science.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures, AJ accepted
Gain narrowing in few-atom systems
Creators: name: Savels, Tom
name: Mosk, Allard P.
name: Lagendijk, Ad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a density matrix approach, we study the simplest systems that display both gain and feedback: clusters of 2 to 5 atoms, one of which is pumped. The other atoms supply feedback through multiple scattering of light. We show that, if the atoms are in each other's near-field, the system exhibits large gain narrowing and spectral mode redistribution. The observed phenomena are more pronounced if the feedback is enhanced. Our system is to our knowledge the simplest exactly solvable microscopic system which shows the approach to laser oscillation.
Additional file 1 of The role of local business employees and community members in the HIV risk environment of female sex workers in an urban setting: associations between negative interactions and inconsistent condom use
Creators: name: Sherman, Susan G.
name: Tomko, Catherine
name: Silberzahn, Bradley E.
name: White, Rebecca Hamilton
name: Nestadt, Danielle Friedman
name: Clouse, Emily
name: Haney, Katherine
name: Galai, Noya
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Frammenti di ricerca III (20–22)
Creators: name: Baroffio, Giacomo
Publisher: name: Pavia University Press - Edizioni dell'Università degli Studi di Pavia
Year: 2008
Subjects: Antifona; cauda; libro liturgico; introito; liturgia delle ore; neumi; ravenna; salterio; tropo

description: In alcuni graduali  			d’origine piemontese sono presenti segmenti tropistici nell’introito 			Ad te levavi (riproduzione fotografica da tre mss). Sono  			inoltre pubblicati i testi di nuovi testimoni della notazione  			ravennate scoperti a Parma, Ravenna e Rimini. Sono infine segnalate  			alcune antifone della liturgia delle ore il cui testo è derivato dai  			salmi. Esempi musicali sono tratti dal breviario di San Michele  			della Chiusa (Sant’Ambrogio TO, Archivio parrocchiale) e dal  			salterio di San Tommaso (Mantova, Archivio storico diocesano).
description: Philomusica on-line, Vol 6, N° 1 (2007): Annata 2007
Book Reviews
Creators: name: Dubner, Steven
name: Hoover, James L.
name: Weinberg, Joanna Kudisch
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Environmental Law
Year: 2020

description: Mercury Contamination: A Human Tragedy. By Patricia A. D'Itri and Frank M. D'Itri. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1977. Pp. xxii, 311. $17.95. NATURE, BUREAUCRACY AND THE RULES OF PROPERTY: REGULATING THE RENEWING ENVIRONMENT. By Earl Finbar Mur- phy. Amsterdam: North-Holland Publishing Co. 1977. Pp. xii, 335. $44.50. PRINCIPLES FOR LOCAL ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT. By Peter G. Rowe et. al., Cambridge, Massachusetts: Ballinger Publishing Co. 1978. Pp. xviii, 272. $17.50.
description: Columbia Journal of Environmental Law, 卷 5 编号 2 (1979): Volume 5.2
Lamnidae
Creators: name: Golani, Daniel
name: Fricke, Ronald
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Chondrichthyes
Lamniformes
Lamnidae

description: LAMNIDAE   Isurus oxyrinchus Rafinesque 1810
 Gulf of Suez: ¯
 Gulf of Aqaba: Israel (Randall & Levy 1976), Jordan (Khalaf 2004).
 Red Sea main basin: Egypt (Gohar & Mazhar 1964, as Isurus glaucus), Saudi Arabia (Spaet & Berumen 2015). General distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and temperate seas.
description: Published as part of Golani, Daniel & Fricke, Ronald, 2018, Checklist of the Red Sea Fishes with delineation of the Gulf of Suez, Gulf of Aqaba, endemism and Lessepsian migrants, pp. 1-215 in Zootaxa 4509 (1) on page 8, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4509.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2607566
Protecting coherence in Optimal Control Theory: State dependent constraint approach
Creators: name: Palao, Jose P.
name: Kosloff, Ronnie
name: Koch, Christiane P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optimal control theory is developed for the task of obtaining a primary objective in a subspace of the Hilbert space while avoiding other subspaces of the Hilbert space. The primary objective can be a state-to-state transition or a unitary transformation. A new optimization functional is introduced which leads to monotonic convergence of the algorithm. This approach becomes necessary for molecular systems subject to processes implying loss of coherence such as predissociation or ionization. In these subspaces controllability is hampered or even completely lost. Avoiding the lossy channels is achieved via a functional constraint which depends on the state of the system at each instant in time. We outline the resulting new algorithm, discuss its convergence properties and demonstrate its functionality for the example of a state-to-state transition and of a unitary transformation for a model of cold Rb2.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
An empirical study into the relationship between class features and test smells
Creators: name: Tahir, Amjed
name: Counsell, Steve
name: MacDonell, Stephen G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: While a substantial body of prior research has investigated the form and nature of production code, comparatively little attention has examined characteristics of test code, and, in particular, test smells in that code. In this paper, we explore the relationship between production code properties (at the class level) and a set of test smells, in five open source systems. Specifically, we examine whether complexity properties of a production class can be used as predictors of the presence of test smells in the associated unit test. Our results, derived from the analysis of 975 production class-unit test pairs, show that the Cyclomatic Complexity (CC) and Weighted Methods per Class (WMC) of production classes are strong indicators of the presence of smells in their associated unit tests. The Lack of Cohesion of Methods in a production class (LCOM) also appears to be a good indicator of the presence of test smells. Perhaps more importantly, all three metrics appear to be good indicators of particular test smells, especially Eager Test and Duplicated Code. The Depth of the Inheritance Tree (DIT), on the other hand, was not found to be significantly related to the incidence of test smells. The results have important implications for large-scale software development, particularly in a context where organizations are increasingly using, adopting or adapting open source code as part of their development strategy and need to ensure that classes and methods are kept as simple as possible.
description: Conference paper, 9 pages, 4 figures, 6 tables