cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Soft calibration for selection bias problems under mixed-effects models
Creators: name: Gao, Chenyin
name: Yang, Shu
name: Kim, Jae Kwang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Calibration weighting has been widely used to correct selection biases in non-probability sampling, missing data, and causal inference. The main idea is to calibrate the biased sample to the benchmark by adjusting the subject weights. However, hard calibration can produce enormous weights when an exact calibration is enforced on a large set of extraneous covariates. This article proposes a soft calibration scheme, in which the outcome and the selection indicator follow mixed-effects models. The scheme imposes an exact calibration on the fixed effects and an approximate calibration on the random effects. On the one hand, our soft calibration has an intrinsic connection with best linear unbiased prediction, which results in a more efficient estimation compared to hard calibration. On the other hand, soft calibration weighting estimation can be envisioned as penalized propensity score weight estimation, with the penalty term motivated by the mixed-effects structure. The asymptotic distribution and a valid variance estimator are derived for soft calibration. We demonstrate the superiority of the proposed estimator over other competitors in simulation studies and a real-data application.
description: Accepted for publication in Biometrika
Neocostituzionalismo e positivizzazione dei valori
Creators: name: Mateos Martinez, Jose <1984>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2011
Subjects: IUS/08 Diritto costituzionale

description: This doctoral thesis seeks to make a comprehensive analysis of neoconstitutionalism, studying their manifestations in constitutional law and doctrine. Neoconstitutionalism, as a new manifestation of constitutional phenomenon that emerged after World War II, is characterized by the need to take any legal possession of certain premises, materials of an immovable, coinciding with the fundamental human rights, which will fall outside the potential political majorities, and become its cornerstone. 

These assumptions are intended as safeguards needed to protect human dignity and the democratic system itself against anyone, even taking advantage of a power obtained democratically which intends to demolish the pillars of democracy and to establish tyranny. The Constitution is enshrined as a basic rule of  real system, a repository of these fundamental rights, the observance by public authorities becomes inexcusable. This will involve a role for judicial review in its protection. Thus, supremacy of the constitution, deepening respect for and promotion of fundamental rights and role of constitutional judge as the guarantor of its validity are the bases of neoconstitutionalism, a legal phenomenon not only current, but evolving.
Finite-Temperature Properties across the Charge Ordering Transition -- Combined Bosonization, Renormalization Group, and Numerical Methods
Creators: name: Yoshioka, Hideo
name: Tsuchiizu, Masahisa
name: Otsuka, Yuichi
name: Seo, Hitoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically describe the charge ordering (CO) metal-insulator transition based on a quasi-one-dimensional extended Hubbard model, and investigate the finite temperature ($T$) properties across the transition temperature, $T_{\rm CO}$. In order to calculate $T$ dependence of physical quantities such as the spin susceptibility and the electrical resistivity, both above and below $T_{\rm CO}$, a theoretical scheme is developed which combines analytical methods with numerical calculations. We take advantage of the renormalization group equations derived from the effective bosonized Hamiltonian, where Lanczos exact diagonalization data are chosen as initial parameters, while the CO order parameter at finite-$T$ is determined by quantum Monte Carlo simulations. The results show that the spin susceptibility does not show a steep singularity at $T_{\rm CO}$, and it slightly increases compared to the case without CO because of the suppression of the spin velocity. In contrast, the resistivity exhibits a sudden increase at $T_{\rm CO}$, below which a characteristic $T$ dependence is observed. We also compare our results with experiments on molecular conductors as well as transition metal oxides showing CO.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Salute e sicurezza sul lavoro: significati e problemi della valutazione dei rischi da stress lavoro-correlato nelle aziende sanitarie
Creators: name: Grandi, Stefano <1966>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2011
Subjects: SPS/09 Sociologia dei processi economici e del lavoro

description: Work environment changes bring new risks, in particular an increase in certain diseases and illnesses caused by stress. The European Agreement of October 2004 defines stress as “a state accompanied by physical, psychological or social dysfunctions, due to the fact that people do not feel able to overcome the gap in relation to requests or expectations for them”. A new strategy aims to reduce accidents and occupational illnesses through a series of actions at European level. The approaches to prevent work related stress must specifically aim to face up organizational and social aspects, to provide training to managers and employees on management of stress, to reduce the impact and to develop suitable systems for rehabilitation and return to work for those who suffered health problems.
The enterprises will have to carry out the obligations laid down by legislation, adopting detection systems customised on their size and on their specific interests.
Currently manifold tools and methodologies are proposed from different subjects as employer associations, advisors for safety, psychologists etc., but none of these has been identified as a model to follow.
After the reconstruction of the theoretical framework where the theme is placed in, the thesis, through a background analysis done by collecting the comments of experts who are involved in the management of occupational safety and the examination of a concrete assessment of work-related stress risk, carried out at a local health authority of Emilia-Romagna region, aims to highlight the main sociological implications related to the emergence of these new risks.
Quijote-PNG: Simulations of primordial non-Gaussianity and the information content of the matter field power spectrum and bispectrum
Creators: name: Coulton, William R
name: Villaescusa-Navarro, Francisco
name: Jamieson, Drew
name: Baldi, Marco
name: Jung, Gabriel
name: Karagiannis, Dionysios
name: Liguori, Michele
name: Verde, Licia
name: Wandelt, Benjamin D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Primordial non-Gaussianity (PNG) is one of the most powerful probes of the early Universe and measurements of the large scale structure of the Universe have the potential to transform our understanding of this area. However relating measurements of the late time Universe to the primordial perturbations is challenging due to the non-linear processes that govern the evolution of the Universe. To help address this issue we release a large suite of N-body simulations containing four types of PNG: \textsc{quijote-png}. These simulations were designed to augment the \textsc{quijote} suite of simulations that explored the impact of various cosmological parameters on large scale structure observables. Using these simulations we investigate how much information on PNG can be extracted by extending power spectrum and bispectrum measurements beyond the perturbative regime at $z=0.0$. This is the first joint analysis of the PNG and cosmological information content accessible with power spectrum and bispectrum measurements of the non-linear scales. We find that the constraining power improves significantly up to $k_\mathrm{max}\approx 0.3 h/{\rm Mpc}$, with diminishing returns beyond as the statistical probes signal-to-noise ratios saturate. This saturation emphasizes the importance of accurately modelling all the contributions to the covariance matrix. Further we find that combining the two probes is a powerful method of breaking the degeneracies with the $Λ$CDM parameters.
description: The simulation products are available at https://quijote-simulations.readthedocs.io/en/latest/png.html
Variations in $p$-Mode Parameters with Changing Onset-Time of a Large Flare
Creators: name: Maurya, R. A.
name: Ambastha, A.
name: Tripathy, S. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is expected that energetic solar flares releasing large amount of energy at the photosphere may be able to excite the acoustic ($p$-) modes of oscillations. We have determined the characteristic properties of mode parameters by applying the ring diagram technique to 3-D power spectra obtained for solar active region NOAA 10486 during the long duration energetic X17.2/4B flare of October 28, 2003. Strong evidence of substantial increase in mode amplitude and systematic variations in sub-surface flows, i.e., meridional and zonal components of velocity, kinetic helicity, vorticity, is found from comparison of the pre- to the post-flare phases.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Elliptic equations in divergence form with partially BMO coefficients
Creators: name: Dong, Hongjie
name: Kim, Doyoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35K15; 35J15; 35R05; 35J25

description: The solvability in Sobolev spaces is proved for divergence form second order elliptic equations in the whole space, a half space, and a bounded Lipschitz domain. For equations in the whole space or a half space, the leading coefficients $a^{ij}$ are assumed to be measurable in one direction and have small BMO semi-norms in the other directions. For equations in a bounded domain, additionally we assume that $a^{ij}$ have small BMO semi-norms in a neighborhood of the boundary of the domain. We give a unified approach of both the Dirichlet boundary problem and the conormal derivative problem. We also investigate elliptic equations in Sobolev spaces with mixed norms under the same assumptions on the coefficients.
description: 38 pages, minor revisions, to appear in Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal
Molecular weight distributions of proteins by equilibrium ultracentrifugation and gel filtration chromatography
Creators: name: Ma, Ching-Yung
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The molecular weight distributions (MWDs) of some proteins were determined by equilibrium ultracentrifugation and gel filtration chromatography (GPC). A linear programming technique was used to compute MWDs from equilibrium data. The light-scattering second virial coefficient (BLS) of one protein, ovalbumin, was determined and was used to correct for the non-ideal behavior of the polymers. For unimodal systems, good MWDs were obtained from single experiment without correction for non-ideality. For more complex systems, combination of data from several experiments performed at different rotor speeds was required to give reasonable distributions; and correction for BLS brought about further improvement in the smoothness and accuracy of the MWDs. GFC was found to be a rapid and convenient method for MWD determination, having better resolving power than the linear programming technique. The advantages and limitations of these two methods were discussed.
TPP: Transparent Page Placement for CXL-Enabled Tiered-Memory
Creators: name: Maruf, Hasan Al
name: Wang, Hao
name: Dhanotia, Abhishek
name: Weiner, Johannes
name: Agarwal, Niket
name: Bhattacharya, Pallab
name: Petersen, Chris
name: Chowdhury, Mosharaf
name: Kanaujia, Shobhit
name: Chauhan, Prakash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Operating Systems (cs.OS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The increasing demand for memory in hyperscale applications has led to memory becoming a large portion of the overall datacenter spend. The emergence of coherent interfaces like CXL enables main memory expansion and offers an efficient solution to this problem. In such systems, the main memory can constitute different memory technologies with varied characteristics. In this paper, we characterize memory usage patterns of a wide range of datacenter applications across the server fleet of Meta. We, therefore, demonstrate the opportunities to offload colder pages to slower memory tiers for these applications. Without efficient memory management, however, such systems can significantly degrade performance. We propose a novel OS-level application-transparent page placement mechanism (TPP) for CXL-enabled memory. TPP employs a lightweight mechanism to identify and place hot/cold pages to appropriate memory tiers. It enables a proactive page demotion from local memory to CXL-Memory. This technique ensures a memory headroom for new page allocations that are often related to request processing and tend to be short-lived and hot. At the same time, TPP can promptly promote performance-critical hot pages trapped in the slow CXL-Memory to the fast local memory, while minimizing both sampling overhead and unnecessary migrations. TPP works transparently without any application-specific knowledge and can be deployed globally as a kernel release. We evaluate TPP in the production server fleet with early samples of new x86 CPUs with CXL 1.1 support. TPP makes a tiered memory system performant as an ideal baseline (<1% gap) that has all the memory in the local tier. It is 18% better than today's Linux, and 5-17% better than existing solutions including NUMA Balancing and AutoTiering. Most of the TPP patches have been merged in the Linux v5.18 release.
Electron pair current through the correlated quantum dot
Creators: name: Domanski, T.
name: Donabidowicz, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the charge current transmitted through the correlated quantum dot characterized by a finite magnitude of the Coulomb interaction |U|. At low temperatures the correlations can lead to appearance of the spin (for U>0) or charge (for U<0) Kondo states qualitatively affecting the transport properties. We explore an influence of the charge Kondo effect on the electron pair tunneling introducing the auxiliary two-component model which describes the fluctuations between empty and doubly occupied states of the quantum dot.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
La professione docente tra rappresentazioni e progetto formativo. Un'analisi pedagogica della competenza degli insegnanti secondari
Creators: name: Pinelli, Giorgia <1978>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2011
Subjects: M-PED/01 Pedagogia generale e sociale

description: This thesis deals with the professional characteristics of secondary school teachers, with particular regard to their competence and their education. The topic will be approached starting from the characteristics and trasnformations social research has identified concerning Italian teachers, focusing on secondary teacher training. After a brief look at Europe, the attention will be directed to Italy, with particular regard to the Postgraduate Schools of Specialisation for Secondary School Teachers (SSIS); hence the need for an analysis that focuses on teaching per se and its concrete pratice. For its nature to be fully grasped, teaching must be reconsidered as an independent object of study, a performance in which competence manifests itself and a form of action involving a set of tacit and personal knowledge.
A further perspective  opens up for analysis, according to which the professional characteristics of teachers are the result of an education in which the whole history of the subject is involved, in its educative, formative, professional and personal aspects. The teaching profession is imbued with implicit meanings which are inaccessible to conscience but orient action and affect the interpretation of experience.
Through the analysis of three different empirical data sets, collected among teachers-in-training and teachers qualified at SSIS, I will try to investigate the actual existence, the nature and the features of such implicit knowledge. It appears necessary to put the claims of process-product approaches back in their right perspective, to the benefit of a holistic conception of teaching competence. The teacher is, at the same time, “he who is teaching” and offers a concrete receiver the fruit of an endless work of study, reflection, practice and self-update. 
To understand this process will mean to penetrate more and more deeply into the core of teaching and teaching competence , a competence that in some respects “is” always “that” teacher, with his or her own story, implicit knowledge and representations.
JUST Capital: Driver Study 2019
Creators: name: JUST Capital
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2022

description: Trust in large companies (1); behavior of large companies (1); importance of various characteristics of large companies (19); priorities for large companies (1); companies sharing success with employees (1); responsibilities of CEOs of large companies (2); choosing to work for company based on how just it is vs. how much it pays (3); effectiveness of people trying to change companies' behaviors (1); impact of large companies (8); showing support for a company's positive behavior (2); ever worked for large corporation (3); how just most US companies are (2); political ideology (1); political partisanship (2).
The Prolyl Isomerase Pin1 Acts Synergistically with CDK2 to Regulate the Basal Activity of Estrogen Receptor α in Breast Cancer
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Binding Sites
Breast Neoplasms
Cell Line, Tumor
Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2
Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
Estrogen Receptor alpha
Female
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
Humans
Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
NIMA-Interacting Peptidylprolyl Isomerase
Peptidylprolyl Isomerase
Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases
Phosphorylation
Protein Binding
Serine
Signal Transduction

description: In hormone receptor-positive breast cancers, most tumors in the early stages of development depend on the activity of the estrogen receptor and its ligand, estradiol. Anti-estrogens, such as tamoxifen, have been used as the first line of therapy for over three decades due to the fact that they elicit cell cycle arrest. Unfortunately, after an initial period, most cells become resistant to hormonal therapy. Peptidylprolyl isomerase 1 (Pin1), a protein overexpressed in many tumor types including breast, has been demonstrated to modulate ERalpha activity and is involved in resistance to hormonal therapy. Here we show a new mechanism through which CDK2 drives an ERalpha-Pin1 interaction under hormone- and growth factor-free conditions. The PI3K/AKT pathway is necessary to activate CDK2, which phosphorylates ERalphaSer294, and mediates the binding between Pin1 and ERalpha. Site-directed mutagenesis demonstrated that ERalphaSer294 is essential for Pin1-ERalpha interaction and modulates ERalpha phosphorylation on Ser118 and Ser167, dimerization and activity. These results open up new drug treatment opportunities for breast cancer patients who are resistant to anti-estrogen therapy. © 2013 Lucchetti et al.
Infrared carpet cloak designed with uniform silicon grating structure
Creators: name: Xu, Xiaofei
name: Feng, Yijun
name: Hao, Yu
name: Zhao, Juming
name: Jiang, Tian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Through a particularly chosen coordinate transformation, we propose an optical carpet cloak that only requires homogeneous anisotropic dielectric material. The proposed cloak could be easily imitated and realized by alternative layers of isotropic dielectrics. To demonstrate the cloaking performance, we have designed a two-dimensional version that a uniform silicon grating structure fabricated on a silicon-on-insulator wafer could work as an infrared carpet cloak. The cloak has been validated through full wave electromagnetic simulations, and the non-resonance feature also enables a broadband cloaking for wavelengths ranging from 1372 to 2000 nm.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Experimental study of closed and open microwave waveguide graphs with preserved and partially violated time-reversal invariance
Creators: name: Zhang, Weihua
name: Zhang, Xiaodong
name: Che, Jiongning
name: Lu, Junjie
name: Miski-Oglu, M.
name: Dietz, Barbara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on experiments that were performed with microwave waveguide systems and demonstrate that in the frequency range of a single transversal mode they may serve as a model for closed and open quantum graphs. These consist of bonds that are connected at vertices. On the bonds, they are governed by the one-dimensional Schrödinger equation with boundary conditions imposed at the vertices. The resulting transport properties through the vertices may be expressed in terms of a vertex scattering matrix. Quantum graphs with incommensurate bond lengths attracted interest within the field of quantum chaos because, depending on the characteristics of the vertex scattering matrix, its wave dynamic may exhibit features of a typical quantum system with chaotic counterpart. In distinction to microwave networks, which serve as an experimental model of quantum graphs with Neumann boundary conditions, the vertex scattering matrices associated with a waveguide system depend on the wavenumber and the wave functions can be determined experimentally. We analyze the spectral properties of microwave waveguide systems with preserved and partially violated time-reversal invariance, and the properties of the associated wave functions. Furthermore, we study properties of the scattering matrix describing the measurement process within the frame work of random matrix theory for quantum chaotic scattering systems.
Microscopic version of the Bohr-Mottelson model and its application
Creators: name: Ganev, H. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The shell-model coupling scheme of the proton-neutron symplectic model (PNSM), defined by the following dynamical symmetry chain $Sp(12,R) \supset SU(1,1) \otimes SO(6) \supset U(1) \otimes SU_{pn}(3) \otimes SO(2) \supset SO(3)$, is considered. It is shown that it corresponds to a microscopic version of the Bohr-Mottelson collective model which captures the original relationships between its exactly solvable submodel limits. This variant of the PNSM provides an interesting and relevant shell-model symplectic-based framework for exploring the nuclear collective dynamics. Some simple applications of the present theory to different nuclei with various collective properties are given.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures, to appear in the Proceedings of the international workshop on Shapes and Dynamics of Atomic Nuclei: Contemporary Aspects (SDANCA21), Sofia, Bulgaria, 16-18 September 2021, ed. N. Minkov
In Vitro and in Vivo Anti-tumor Activity of miR-221/222 inhibitors in multiple myeloma
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2013
Subjects: miR-221
miR-222
microRNA
miRNA
multiple myeloma
plasma cell leukemia

description: A rising body of evidence suggests that silencing microRNAs (miRNAs) with oncogenic potential may represent a successful therapeutic strategy for human cancer. We investigated the therapeutic activity of miR-221/222 inhibitors against human multiple myeloma (MM) cells. Enforced expression of miR-221/222 inhibitors triggered in vitro anti-proliferative effects and up-regulation of canonic miR-221/222 targets, including p27Kip1, PUMA, PTEN and p57Kip2, in MM cells highly expressing miR-221/222. Conversely, transfection of miR-221/222 mimics increased S-phase and down-regulated p27Kip1 protein expression in MM with low basal miR-221/222 levels. The effects of miR-221/222 inhibitors was also evaluated in MM xenografts in SCID/ NOD mice. Significant anti-tumor activity was achieved in xenografted mice by the treatment with miR-221/222 inhibitors, together with up-regulation of canonic protein targets in tumors retrieved from animals. These findings provide proof of principle that silencing the miR-221/222 cluster exerts significant therapeutic activity in MM cells with high miR-221/222 level of expression, which mostly occurs in TC2 and TC4 MM groups. These findings suggest that MM genotyping may predict the therapeutic response. All together our results support a framework for clinical development of miR-221/222 inhibitors-based therapeutic strategy in this still incurable disease.
Prognostic value of EMT-circulating tumor cells in metastatic breast can-cer patients undergoing high-dose chemotherapy with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2012
Subjects: metastatic breast cancer
circulating tumor cells
epithelial-mesenchymal transition
high-dose chemotherapy
autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

description: Background: Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are an independent prognostic factor in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients treated by conventional dose chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to determine the role of CTCs and CTCs undergoing epitheli-al-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in metastatic breast cancer. We used the platform of high-dose chemotherapy (HDCT) and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) to study the CTCs and CTCs with EMT. Patients and methods: CTCs were enumerated in 21 MBC patients before apheresis and 1 month after AHSCT. CD34-depleted apheresis products were analyzed for CD326+ epi-thelial and Aldefluor+ cancer stem cells (CSC) by flow cytometry and were depleted of CD45+ cells and assessed for EMT-inducing transcription factors (EMT-TF) by quantitative RT-PCR. Results: Patients with ≥ 5 CTCs/7.5 mL of peripheral blood 1 month after AHSCT had shorter progression-free survival (PFS) (P=0.02) and overall survival (OS) (P=0.02). Patients with apheresis products containing high percentages of CD326+ epithelial cells or overex-pressing EMT-TF had shorter PFS. In multivariate analysis, low percentage of CD326+ epi-thelial cells and response to HDCT with AHSCT were associated with longer PFS, whereas lower CTCs after AHSCT was associated with longer OS. High CTCs, 1 month after AHSCT correlated with shorter PFS and OS in MBC patients undergoing HDCT and AHSCT, while CTCs with EMT and CSCs phenotype in apheresis products are associated with relapse. Conclusion: Our data suggest that CTC and CTCs with EMT are prognostic in MBC patients undergoing HDCT followed by AHSCT. © Ivyspring International Publisher.
Sex-Biased Networks and Nodes of Sexually Antagonistic Conflict in Drosophila
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 0604 Genetics
subject: Biomedical
subject: Basic Science
subject: Behavioral and Social Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Human Genome

description: Sexual antagonism, or conflict, can occur when males and females harbor opposing reproductive strategies. The large fraction of sex-biased genes in genomes present considerable opportunities for conflict to occur, suggesting that sexual antagonism may potentially be a general phenomenon at the molecular level. Here, we employ a novel strategy to identify potential nodes of sexual conflict in Drosophila melanogaster by coupling male, female, and sex-unbiased networks derived from genome-wide expression data with available genetic and protein interaction data. We find that sex-biased networks comprise a large fraction (~1/3) of the total interaction network with the male network possessing nearly twice the number of nodes (genes) relative to the female network. However, there are far less edges or interaction partners among male relative to female subnetworks as seen in their power law distributions. We further identified 598 sex-unbiased genes that can act as indirect nodes of interlocus sexual conflict as well as 271 direct nodal pairs of potential conflict between male- and female-biased genes. The pervasiveness of such potentially conflicting nodes may explain the rapid evolution of sex-biased as well as non-sex-biased genes via this molecular mechanism of sexual selection even among taxa such as Drosophila that are nominally sexually dimorphic.
What shall I be, what must I be: Neural correlates of personal goal activation
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2012
Subjects: behavioral activation system
behavioral inhibition system
fMRI
personal goals
prevention
promotion
regulatory focus

description: How is the brain engaged when people are thinking about their hopes, dreams, and obligations? Regulatory focus theory postulates two classes of personal goals and motivational systems for pursuing them. Ideal goals, such as hopes and aspirations, are pursued via the promotion system through "making good things happen." Ought goals, such as obligations or responsibilities, are pursued via the prevention system through "keeping bad things from happening." This study investigated the neural correlates of ideal and ought goal priming using an event-related fMRI design with rapid masked stimulus presentations. We exposed participants to their self-identified ideal and ought goals, yoked control words and nonwords. We also examined correlations between goal-related activation and measures of regulatory focus, behavioral activation/inhibition, and negative affect. Ideal priming led to activation in frontal and occipital regions as well as caudate and thalamus, whereas prevention goal priming was associated with activation in precuneus and posterior cingulate cortex. Individual differences in dysphoric/anxious affect and regulatory focus, but not differences in BAS/BIS strength, were predictive of differential activation in response to goal priming. The regions activated in response to ideal and ought goal priming broadly map onto the cortical midline network that has been shown to index processing of self-referential stimuli. Individual differences in regulatory focus and negative affect impact this network and appeared to influence the strength and accessibility of the promotion and prevention systems. The results support a fundamental distinction between promotion and prevention and extend our understanding of how personal goals influence behavior. © 2012 Strauman, Detloff, Sestokas, Smith, Goetz, Rivera and Kwapil.
Molluscs of the marine protected area "Secche di Tor Paterno"
Creators: name: Albano, Paolo Giulio <1977>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2011
Subjects: BIO/05 Zoologia

description: The thesis describes the molluscan biodiversity of the infralittoral off-shore reefs in the "Secche di Tor Paterno" marine protected area lying in the Central Tyrrhenian Sea off the coasts of Lazio south of Roma. Data originate from underwater sampling activities carried out by SCUBA diving in four biocoenoses: Posidonia oceanica leaves and rhizomes, coralligenous concretions and detritic pools. The representativeness of molluscs as descriptors of biocoenoses is evaluated by preliminary comparisons with data about Polychaeta, Pleocyemata (Crustacea) and Brachiopoda obtained in the same survey. The malacocoenoses of the four biocoenoses are treated in detail. Then data are compared with other data sets to assess differences and similarities with other communities. The agreement between death and living assemblages in the reefs is evaluated for the Posidonia oceanica and the coralligenous biocoenosis and was carried out by a set of standard metrics and some benthic ecology methods.
Molluscs perform very well as descriptors of biocoenoses, better than the other phyla. The molluscan assemblages of the reefs are very rich in species despite richness is mainly concentrated in the coralligenous and in the rhizomes of Posidonia oceanica. The leaves of Posidonia oceanica host a rather poor assemblage. Detritic pools host a poor but peculiar species assemblage. The dead-live agreement showed that death assemblages are highly representative of sediments of nearby biocoenoses as a result of low bottom transport. Fidelity metrics suggest a good agreement between the living and death assemblages when species richness and taxonomic composition are considered. The study suggests that fidelity is lower when considering the species dominance. These differences could be associated to the trophism of species and possibly to the species life span.
Deep Learning-Based Device-Free Localization in Wireless Sensor Networks
Creators: name: Abdullah, Osamah A.
name: Al-Hraishawi, Hayder
name: Chatzinotas, Symeon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Location-based services (LBS) are witnessing a rise in popularity owing to their key features of delivering powerful and personalized digital experiences. The recent developments in wireless sensing techniques make the realization of device-free localization (DFL) feasible in wireless sensor networks. The DFL is an emerging technology that utilizes radio signal information for detecting and positioning a passive target while the target is not equipped with a wireless device. However, determining the characteristics of the massive raw signals and extracting meaningful discriminative features relevant to the localization are highly intricate tasks. Thus, deep learning (DL) techniques can be utilized to address the DFL problem due to their unprecedented performance gains in many practical problems. In this direction, we propose a DFL framework consists of multiple convolutional neural network (CNN) layers along with autoencoders based on the restricted Boltzmann machines (RBM) to construct a convolutional deep belief network (CDBN) for features recognition and extracting. Each layer has stochastic pooling to sample down the feature map and reduced the dimensions of the required data for precise localization. The proposed framework is validated using real experimental dataset. The results show that our algorithm can achieve a high accuracy of 98% with reduced data dimensions and low signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs).
Powering the Jets in NGC1052
Creators: name: Ros, Eduardo
name: Kadler, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the inner regions of the LINER galaxy NGC1052 since the mid 1990s at high resolution with 15 GHz very-long-baseline interferometry observations. A compact, two-sided jet structure is revealed, with multiple sub-parsec scale features moving outward from the central region with typical speeds of 0.26 c. Complementary to this, since early 2005 we are performing a multi-mission campaign of observations of this source, including X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray, and radio flux density monitoring, and VLBA observations at 22 GHz and 43 GHz. X-ray variability is present at time scales of weeks, comparable with the structural changes observed by VLBI. Here we present first results of the high-resolution imaging observations and discuss these findings in the context of the multi-band campaign.
description: To be published in Journal of Physics: Conference Series by Institute of Physics Publishing; Proceedings of the conference "The Universe under the Microscope - Astrophysics at High Angular Resolution", R. Schoedel, A. Eckart, S. Pfalzner, E. Ros (eds.), 6 pages, 2 figures, 1 table, needs jpconf.cls
Improved Gaussian-Bernoulli Restricted Boltzmann Machines for UAV-Ground Communication Systems
Creators: name: Abdullah, Osamah A.
name: Batistatos, Michael C.
name: Al-Hraishawi, Hayder
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is steadily growing as a promising technology for next-generation communication systems due to their appealing features such as wide coverage with high altitude, on-demand low-cost deployment, and fast responses. UAV communications are fundamentally different from the conventional terrestrial and satellite communications owing to the high mobility and the unique channel characteristics of air-ground links. However, obtaining effective channel state information (CSI) is challenging because of the dynamic propagation environment and variable transmission delay. In this paper, a deep learning (DL)-based CSI prediction framework is proposed to address channel aging problem by extracting the most discriminative features from the UAV wireless signals. Specifically, we develop a procedure of multiple Gaussian Bernoulli restricted Boltzmann machines (GBRBM) for dimension reduction and pre-training utilization incorporated with an autoencoder-based deep neural networks (DNNs). To evaluate the proposed approach, real data measurements from an UAV communicating with base-stations within a commercial cellular network are obtained and used for training and validation. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed method is accurate in channel acquisition for various UAV flying scenarios and outperforms the conventional DNNs.
Time in Bed Is Associated with Decreased Physical Activity and Higher BMI in Women Seeking Weight Loss Treatment
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2012
Subjects: BMI
diet
physical activity
sleep duration

description: Short sleep duration is associated with obesity risk. Despite calls to incorporate strategies to enhance sleep within the context of behavioral weight loss (BWL) treatment, little is known regarding the association between sleep and body mass index (BMI) among individuals presenting for BWL. Moreover, most research has focused on eating pathways linking sleep and BMI and has not explored how sleep may impact engagement in physical activity. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether, in a sample of women seeking treatment for weight loss, there was an association between reported time in bed (TIB), higher BMI, lower physical activity, and less favorable dietary composition. Prior to randomization, 318 women completed measures of TIB, eating, and activity; weight and height were measured. Findings demonstrated that report of “6 hours or less” TIB/night was associated with higher BMI and lower reported physical activity compared to that of the referent (>7 to ≤8 hours/night). It was not associated with the number of reported calories consumed each day or with the percent of calories consumed from fat, carbohydrates, or protein. Better understanding of the role of sleep within the context of BWL treatment in women seems warranted.
Analytical study of gravitational lensing in Kerr-Newman black-bounce spacetime
Creators: name: Ghosh, Saptaswa
name: Bhattacharyya, Arpan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the equatorial deflection angle of light rays propagating in Kerr-Newman black-bounce spacetime. Furthermore, we analyze the light ray trajectories and derive a closed-form formula for deflection angle in terms of elliptic integrals. The deflection angle increases with the decrease of charge and regularisation parameter for a particular impact parameter. We also study the strong field limit of the deflection angle. Using this strong deflection angle formula and lens equation, we find the radius of the first Einstein ring and study its dependence on the charge and the regularisation parameter. We demonstrate that the charge has a robust effect on the size of the Einstein rings, but the effect of the regularization parameter on the ring size is negligible. We also investigate the non-equatorial lensing and the caustic structures for small polar inclination, and the same observations appear to hold. These results directly affect the observational appearance of the Kerr-Newman black-bounce.
description: 45 pages, 7 figures, 5 Tables, minor typos corrected
Analysis of genome content evolution in PVC bacterial super-phylum: Assessment of candidate genes associated with cellular organization and lifestyle
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2012
Subjects: genome evolution in PVC super-phylum
cellular compartmentalization
DUF1501 and Planctomycetes-specific cytochromes
mucin-degradation by Akkermansia muciniphila

description: The Planctomycetes, Verrucomicrobia, Chlamydiae (PVC) super-phylum contains bacteria with either complex cellular organization or simple cell structure; it also includes organisms of different lifestyles (pathogens, mutualists, commensal, and free-living). Genome content evolution of this group has not been studied in a systematic fashion, which would reveal genes underlying the emergence of PVC-specific phenotypes. Here, we analyzed the evolutionary dynamics of 26 PVC genomes and several out group species. We inferred HGT, duplications, and losses by reconciliation of 27,123 gene trees with the species phylogeny. We showed that genome expansion and contraction have driven evolution within Planctomycetes and Chlamydiae, respectively, and balanced each other in Verrucomicrobia and Lentisphaerae. We also found that for a large number of genes in PVC genomes the most similar sequences are present in Acidobacteria, suggesting past and/or current ecological interaction between organisms from these groups. We also found evidence of shared ancestry between carbohydrate degradation genes in the mucin-degrading human intestinal commensal Akkermansia muciniphila and sequences from Acidobacteria and Bacteroidetes, suggesting that glycoside hydrolases are transferred laterally between gut microbes and that the process of carbohydrate degradation is crucial for microbial survival within the human digestive system. Further, we identified a highly conserved geneticmodule preferentially present in compartmentalized PVC species and possibly associated with the complex cell plan in these organisms. This conserved machinery is likely to be membrane targeted and involved in electron transport, although its exact function is unknown. These genes represent good candidates for future functional studies. © The Author(s) 2012.
Polarization freezing of 10000 optically-cooled nuclear spins by coupling to a single electron
Creators: name: Chekhovich, E. A.
name: Makhonin, M. N.
name: Skiba-Szymanska, J.
name: Krysa, A. B.
name: Kulakovskii, V. D.
name: Fal'ko, V. I.
name: Skolnick, M. S.
name: Tartakovskii, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of the nano-scale environment presents a major challenge for solid-state implementation of spin-based qubits. In this work, a single electron spin in an optically pumped nanometer-sized III-V semiconductor quantum dot is used to control a macroscopic nuclear spin of several thousand nuclei, freezing its decay and leading to spin life-times exceeding 100 seconds at low temperatures. Few-millisecond-fast optical initialization of the nuclear spin is followed by a slow decay exhibiting random telegraph signals at long delay times, arising from low probability electron jumps out of the dot. The remarkably long spin life-time in a dot surrounded by a densely-packed nuclear spin environment arises from the Knight field created by the resident electron, which leads to suppression of nuclear spin depolarization.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Nature Materials
Decomposition and reformulation of integer linear programming problems
Creators: name: Furini, Fabio <1982>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2011
Subjects: MAT/09 Ricerca operativa

description: This thesis deals with an investigation of Decomposition and Reformulation to solve Integer
Linear Programming Problems. This method is often a very successful approach computationally,
producing high-quality solutions for well-structured combinatorial optimization problems
like vehicle routing, cutting stock, p-median and generalized assignment . However, until now
the method has always been tailored to the specific problem under investigation. The principal
innovation of this thesis is to develop a new framework able to apply this concept to
a generic MIP problem. The new approach is thus capable of auto-decomposition and autoreformulation
of the input problem applicable as a resolving black box algorithm and works as
a complement and alternative to the normal resolving techniques. The idea of Decomposing
and Reformulating (usually called in literature Dantzig and Wolfe Decomposition DWD) is,
given a MIP, to convexify one (or more) subset(s) of constraints (slaves) and working on the
partially convexified polyhedron(s) obtained. For a given MIP several decompositions can
be defined depending from what sets of constraints we want to convexify. In this thesis we
mainly reformulate MIPs using two sets of variables: the original variables and the extended
variables (representing the exponential extreme points). The master constraints consist of
the original constraints not included in any slaves plus the convexity constraint(s) and the
linking constraints(ensuring that each original variable can be viewed as linear combination
of extreme points of the slaves). The solution procedure consists of iteratively solving the
reformulated MIP (master) and checking (pricing) if a variable of reduced costs exists, and
in which case adding it to the master and solving it again (columns generation), or otherwise
stopping the procedure. The advantage of using DWD is that the reformulated relaxation
gives bounds stronger than the original LP relaxation, in addition it can be incorporated in
a Branch and bound scheme (Branch and Price) in order to solve the problem to optimality.
If the computational time for the pricing problem is reasonable this leads in practice to a
stronger speed up in the solution time, specially when the convex hull of the slaves is easy
to compute, usually because of its special structure.