cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On the Maximal Shortest Path in a Connected Component in V2V
Creators: name: Marot, Michel
name: Saïd, Adel Mounir
name: Afifi, Hossam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work, a VANET (Vehicular Ad-hoc NETwork) is considered to operate on a simple lane, without infrastructure. The arrivals of vehicles are assumed to be general with any traffic and speed assumptions. The vehicles communicate through the shortest path. In this paper, we study the probability distribution of the number of hops on the maximal shortest path in a connected component of vehicles. The general formulation is given for any assumption of road traffic. Then, it is applied to calculate the z-transform of this distribution for medium and dense networks in the Poisson case. Our model is validated with the Madrid road traces of the Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. These results may be useful for example when evaluating diffusion protocols through the shortest path in a VANET, where not only the mean but also the other moments are needed to derive accurate results.
description: Accepted for publication in Performance Evaluation
The first discovery of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in Taiwan
Creators: name: Lin, Tsai-Lu
name: Ou, Shan-Chia
name: Maeda, Ken
name: Shimoda, Hiroshi
name: Chan, Jacky Peng-Wen
name: Tu, Wu-Chun
name: Hsu, Wei-Li
name: Chou, Chi-Chung
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), an emerging tick-borne zoonosis, has been rapidly spread in many Asian counties since 2010, which raises the great concern in East Asia. Nevertheless, the infection status of SFTS in Taiwan remains unclear. To investigate the existence of SFTSV in Taiwan, a total of 151 serum samples collected from 31 sheep, 63 bovine and 57 dogs were enrolled this study. Furthermore, 360 adult female Rhipicephalus microplus were also included. One-step RT-nested PCR and IgG ELISA were conducted to test SFTSV specific RNA and antibodies, respectively. The result provided the first evidence of the existence of SFTSV RNA and antibodies in ruminants and ticks in Taiwan.
Regional interest representation in the EU: A qualitative intra-national comparison among German states
Creators: name: Jaursch, Julian
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2012

description: The guiding research questions for this paper are: What channels of direct supranational interest representation do German states use on the European level and how? If there is variance among German states, how might different channel preferences be explained? Independent variables explored are size, resources, an East-West divide and conflicts of interest with the federal level. The theoretical framework will be provided by the multi-level governance approach and research on regional authority within the EU. The qualitative empirical basis is a set of 30 semi-structured interviews conducted in late 2011 with German state officials working in Brussels and Berlin. An analysis of how German states represent their EU interests in the various channels is offered. Overall, it will be seen that there is not a lot of intra-national variance between German states in what channels they use but that socio-economic factors play a role in how they utilize these channels.
Plasma heating power dissipation in low temperature hydrogen plasmas
Creators: name: Komppula, J.
name: Tarvainen, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theoretical framework for power dissipation in low temperature plasmas in corona equilibrium is developed. The framework is based on fundamental conservation laws and reaction cross sections and is only weakly sensitive to plasma parameters, e.g. electron temperature and density. The theory is applied to low temperature atomic and molecular hydrogen laboratory plasmas for which the plasma heating power dissipation to photon emission, ionization and chemical potential is calculated. The calculated photon emission is compared to recent experimental results.
THE HUMAN HEALTH IMPACTS OF FUTURE CHANGES IN AIR QUALITY AND TEMPERATURE IN THE UNITED STATES
Creators: name: Becker, Douglas
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Environmental sciences
subject: Environmental engineering
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering

description: Human emissions influence ozone concentrations, PM2.5 concentrations, and temperature levels, which are known to increase morbidity and mortality. Here we use the BenMap program to estimate the health impacts of modeled changes in air quality and temperature in the continental United States in 2025 relative to 2005. In a simulation containing changes in both anthropogenic emissions and meteorology, we estimate that ozone-related respiratory mortality decreases by 2,400 (90% CI 1,100-3,700) annually and all-cause mortality associated with PM2.5 decreases by 26,000 (90% CI 19,000-32,000). In this same simulation, heat-related cardiovascular mortality increases by 31,000 (90% CI 18,000-44,000). Additionally, we find substantial decreases across all morbidity endpoints and significant geographical variation throughout all endpoints. Finally, the economic costs of these health impacts are estimated at $48 billion per year. Our results suggest that emissions control schemes may provide substantial human health benefits, and mitigation and adaptation measures against heat-related impacts are needed.
Spark deficient Gabor frames
Creators: name: Malikiosis, Romanos-Diogenes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42C15, 15A03, 11E95

description: The theory of Gabor frames of functions defined on finite abelian groups was initially developed in order to better understand the properties of Gabor frames of functions defined over the reals. However, during the last twenty years the topic has acquired an interest of its own. One of the fundamental questions asked in this finite setting is the existence of full spark Gabor frames. The author proved the existence, as well as constructed such frames, when the underlying group is finite cyclic. In this paper, we resolve the non-cyclic case; in particular, we show that there can be no full spark Gabor frames of windows defined on finite abelian non-cyclic groups. We also prove that all eigenvectors of certain unitary matrices in the Clifford group in odd dimensions generate spark deficient Gabor frames. Finally, similarities between the uncertainty principles concerning the finite dimensional Fourier transform and the short-time Fourier transform are discussed.
description: 16 pages. Incorporated referee's remarks. To appear in the Pacific Journal of Mathematics
Some remarks on the uniqueness of the complex projective spaces
Creators: name: Li, Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32Q15, 53C55, 32Q55

description: We first notice in this article that if a compact Kähler manifold has the same integral cohomology ring and Pontrjagin classes as the complex projective space $\mathbb{C}P^n$, then it is biholomorphic to $\mathbb{C}P^n$ provided $n$ is odd. The same holds for even $n$ if we further assume that $M$ is simply-connected. This technically refines a classical result of Hirzebruch-Kodaira and Yau. This observation, together with a result of Dessai and Wilking, enables us to characterize all $\mathbb{C}P^n$ in terms of homotopy type under mild symmetry. When $n=4$, we can drop the requirement on Pontrjagin classes by showing that a simply-connected compact Kähler manifold having the same integral cohomology ring as $\mathbb{C}P^4$ is biholomorphic to $\mathbb{C}P^4$, which improves on results of Fujita and Libgober-Wood.
description: 7 pages
Probing Scalar Coupling Differences via Long-Lived Singlet States
Creators: name: DeVience, Stephen J.
name: Walsworth, Ronald L.
name: Rosen, Matthew S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We probe small scalar coupling differences via the coherent interactions between two nuclear spin singlet states in organic molecules. We show that the spin-lock induced crossing (SLIC) technique enables the coherent transfer of singlet order between one spin pair and another. The transfer is mediated by the difference in cis and trans vicinal J couplings among the spins. By measuring the transfer rate, we calculate a J coupling difference of $8 \pm 2$ mHz in phenylalanine-glycine-glycine and $2.57 \pm 0.04$ Hz in glutamate. We also characterize a coherence between two singlet states in glutamate, which may enable the creation of a long-lived quantum memory.
Pediatric Meaningful Alarm Management Approach
Creators: name: Gilmore, Jessie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: The North Carolina Children’s Hospital staff on an acute care pediatric general medicine floor are subject to unnecessary physiological monitor alarming and are at high risk for alarm fatigue. Pediatric clinicians are faced with the daunting task of determining appropriate age-based vital sign parameters and often fail to order suitable vital sign parameters or correctly program physiological monitors. This breakdown in care magnifies the importance of implementing meaningful alarm use to reduce alarm fatigue in clinicians caring for pediatric patients and to prevent clinically significant adverse events through early detection. This project was a quality improvement study with the objective to improve cardiorespiratory monitor parameter practice adherence among clinicians through education. The first phase collected retrospective patient data to determine clinician adherence and to fully understand the burden of alarm fatigue on an inpatient acute care unit. Clinician adherence was measured by comparing electronic health records to physiological monitor settings and the relevance to actual patient data. The second phase analyzed the baseline data and applied the Institute for Healthcare Improvement’s Model for Improvement. After project completion, the intent was to have increased alarm parameter adherence and hence decreased alarm fatigue on the unit. I found a significant lack of alarm parameter adherence among the nursing staff. The alarm parameters routinely did not match the orders for each patient, and as a result, the patients alarmed excessively or had wider alarm parameter settings than what was ordered for them. This project highlighted the need for parameter customization for every child, using the default age groups as a guide for parameter orders. The average minimum respiratory rate value registered lower than the default alarm settings for all age groups, which indicates a strong association with the total number of low respiratory rate alarms. The intervention implemented in this project included strong emphasis on staff education for nurses and physicians. Also included were recommendations for policy and practice changes of physiologic monitoring, which remain in process and are expected to continue longer than the timeline of this project.
Universal Spin-Momentum Locked Optical Forces
Creators: name: Kalhor, Farid
name: Thundat, Thomas
name: Jacob, Zubin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Evanescent electromagnetic waves possess spin-momentum locking, where the direction of propagation (momentum) is locked to the inherent polarization of the wave (transverse spin). We study the optical forces arising from this universal phenomenon and show that the fundamental origin of recently reported non-trivial optical chiral forces is spin-momentum locking. For evanescent waves, we show that the direction of energy flow, direction of decay, and direction of spin follow a right hand rule for three different cases of total internal reflection, surface plasmon polaritons, and $HE_{11}$ mode of an optical fiber. Furthermore, we explain how the recently reported phenomena of lateral optical force on chiral and achiral particles is caused by the transverse spin of the evanescent field and the spin-momentum locking phenomenon. Finally, we propose an experiment to identify the unique lateral forces arising from the transverse spin in the optical fiber and point to fundamental differences of the spin density from the well-known orbital angular momentum of light. Our work presents a unified view on spin-momentum locking and how it affects optical forces on chiral and achiral particles.
The local optimality of the double lattice packing
Creators: name: Kallus, Yoav
name: Kusner, Wöden
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52C15 52C17 11H31 52B55 05B40

description: This paper introduces a technique for proving the local optimality of packing configurations. Applying this technique to a general convex polygon, we prove that the construction of the optimal double lattice packing by Kuperberg and Kuperberg is also locally optimal in the full space of packings.
description: Source files include Mathematica notebooks implementing calculations
Topological Hochschild homology and the Hasse-Weil zeta function
Creators: name: Hesselholt, Lars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 11S40, 19D55, Secondary 14F30

description: We consider the Tate cohomology of the circle group acting on the topological Hochschild homology of schemes. We show that in the case of a scheme smooth and proper over a finite field, this cohomology theory naturally gives rise to the cohomological interpretation of the Hasse-Weil zeta function by regularized determinants envisioned by Deninger. In this case, the periodicity of the zeta function is reflected by the periodicity of said cohomology theory, whereas neither is periodic in general.
Semimetal-semiconductor transition and giant linear magnetoresistances in three-dimensional Dirac semimetal Bi0.96Sb0.04 single crystals
Creators: name: Yue, Z. J.
name: Wang, X. L.
name: Yan, S. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three-dimensional (3D) Dirac semimetals are new quantum materials and can be viewed as 3D analogues of graphene. Many fascinating electronic properties have been proposed and realized in 3D Dirac semimetals, which demonstrates their potential applications in next generation quantum devices. Bismuth-antimony Bi1-xSbx can be tuned from a topological insulator to a band insulator through a quantum critical point at x ~ 4%, where 3D Dirac fermions appear. Here, we report on a magnetotransport study of Bi1-xSbx at such a quantum critical point. An unusual magnetic-field induced semimetal-semiconductor phase transition was observed in the Bi0.96Sb0.04 single crystals. In a magnetic field of 8 T, Bi0.96Sb0.04 single crystals show giant magnetoresistances of up to 6000% at low-temperature, 5 K, and 300% at room-temperature, 300 K. The observed magnetoresistances keep linear down to approximate zero-field when the temperature is below 200 K. Our experimental results are not only interesting for the fundamental physics of 3D Dirac semimetals, but also for potential applications of 3D Dirac semimetals in magnetoelectronic devices.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
New Minimal Hypersurfaces in R(k+1)(2k+1) and S(2k+3)k
Creators: name: Hoppe, Jens
name: Linardopoulos, Georgios
name: Turgut, O. Teoman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53A10, 53C42

description: We find a class of minimal hypersurfaces H(k) as the zero level set of Pfaffians, resp. determinants of real 2k+2 dimensional antisymmetric matrices. While H(1) and H(2) are congruent to a 6-dimensional quadratic cone resp. Hsiang's cubic su(4) invariant in R15, H(k>2) (special harmonic so(2k+2)-invariant cones of degree>3) seem to be new.
description: 5 pages. Updated bibliography, proved non-emptiness of regular subset. Matches published version
An Argument Against Motivational Internalism
Creators: name: Cruise, Ian
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: In my thesis, I argue against motivational judgment internalism, which is the claim that necessarily, if a person makes a sincere, first-personal moral judgment, then she is to some extent motivated to act in accordance with that judgment. My argument is that motivational judgment internalism falls victim to a series of counterexamples, namely, (some of) those cases in which a person arrives at a moral judgment (a concluding judgment) on the basis of a process of reasoning from a different moral judgment (an initial judgment) and other of her background beliefs. My claim is that people often fail to be motivated by the concluding judgments in these kinds of cases even when they are motivated by the initial judgments. The evidence for this claim is that people often report not feeling motivated to act in accordance with the concluding judgments. I capture the crucial features of this kind of case in a constraint on moral judgment that I call the closure principle on moral judgment and argue that this constraint is inconsistent with motivational judgment internalism. Next, I consider the objection that one need not feel motivated to act in order to be motivated to act. I argue against this objection by defending a phenomenological conception of motivation. On this view, if one does not feel motivated to act, then one is not motivated to act. Having dispensed with the objection, I conclude that we ought to reject motivational judgment internalism.
Combinatorial Yang-Baxter maps arising from tetrahedron equation
Creators: name: Kuniba, Atsuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 17B37, 16T25, 16T30

description: We survey the matrix product solutions of the Yang-Baxter equation obtained recently from the tetrahedron equation. They form a family of quantum $R$ matrices of generalized quantum groups interpolating the symmetric tensor representations of $U_q(A^{(1)}_{n-1})$ and the anti-symmetric tensor representations of $U_{-q^{-1}}(A^{(1)}_{n-1})$. We show that at $q=0$ they all reduce to the Yang-Baxter maps called combinatorial $R$, and describe the latter by explicit algorithm.
description: 14 pages. For proceedings of Physics and Mathematics of Nonlinear Phenomena 2015 June 20-17, Gallipoli, Italy
Vacuum type D initial data
Creators: name: Gómez-Lobo, Alfonso García-Parrado
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 83C15, 83C05

description: A vacuum type D initial data set is a vacuum initial data set of the Einstein field equations whose data development contains a region where the space-time is of Petrov type D. In this paper we give a {\em systematic} characterisation of a vacuum type D initial data set. By systematic we mean that the only quantities involved are those appearing in the vacuum constraints, namely the first fundamental form (Riemannian metric) and the second fundamental form. Our characterisation is a set of conditions consisting of the vacuum constraints and some additional differential equations for the first and second fundamental forms. These conditions can be regarded as a system of partial differential equations on a Riemannian manifold and the solutions of the system contain all possible {\em regular} vacuum type D initial data sets. As an application we particularise our conditions for the case of vacuum data whose data development is a subset of the Kerr solution. This has applications in the formulation of the non-linear stability problem of the Kerr black hole.
description: 15 pages, no figures. Typos corrected and Theorem 7 on the characterization of the Kerr metric improved
Susceptibility of swine cells and domestic pigs to SARS-CoV-2
Creators: name: Meekins, David A.
name: Morozov, Igor
name: Trujillo, Jessie D.
name: Gaudreault, Natasha N.
name: Bold, Dashzeveg
name: Carossino, Mariano
name: Artiaga, Bianca L.
name: Indran, Sabarish V.
name: Kwon, Taeyong
name: Balaraman, Velmurugan
name: Madden, Daniel W.
name: Feldmann, Heinz
name: Henningson, Jamie
name: Ma, Wenjun
name: Balasuriya, Udeni B. R.
name: Richt, Juergen A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Computational Biology

description: The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 has resulted in an ongoing global pandemic with significant morbidity, mortality, and economic consequences. The susceptibility of different animal species to SARS-CoV-2 is of concern due to the potential for interspecies transmission, and the requirement for pre-clinical animal models to develop effective countermeasures. In the current study, we determined the ability of SARS-CoV-2 to (i) replicate in porcine cell lines, (ii) establish infection in domestic pigs via experimental oral/intranasal/intratracheal inoculation, and (iii) transmit to co-housed naïve sentinel pigs. SARS-CoV-2 was able to replicate in two different porcine cell lines with cytopathic effects. Interestingly, none of the SARS-CoV-2-inoculated pigs showed evidence of clinical signs, viral replication or SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody responses. Moreover, none of the sentinel pigs displayed markers of SARS-CoV-2 infection. These data indicate that although different porcine cell lines are permissive to SARS-CoV-2, five-week old pigs are not susceptible to infection via oral/intranasal/intratracheal challenge. Pigs are therefore unlikely to be significant carriers of SARS-CoV-2 and are not a suitable pre-clinical animal model to study SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis or efficacy of respective vaccines or therapeutics.
Why does the apparent mass of a coronal mass ejection increase?
Creators: name: Feng, Li
name: Wang, Yuming
name: Shen, Fang
name: Shen, Chenglong
name: Inhester, Bernd
name: Lu, Lei
name: Gan, Weiqun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mass is one of the most fundamental parameters characterizing the dynamics of a coronal mass ejection (CME). It has been found that CME apparent mass measured from the brightness enhancement in coronagraph images shows an increasing trend during its evolution in the corona. However, the physics behind it is not clear. Does the apparent mass gain come from the mass outflow from the dimming regions in the low corona, or from the pileup of the solar wind plasma around the CME when it propagates outwards from the Sun? We analyzed the mass evolution of six CME events. Their mass can increase by a factor of 1.6 to 3.2 from 4 to 15 Rs in the field of view (FOV) of the coronagraph on board the Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory (STEREO). Over the distance about 7 to 15 Rs, where the coronagraph occulting effect can be negligible, the mass can increase by a factor of 1.3 to 1.7. We adopted the `snow-plough' model to calculate the mass contribution of the piled-up solar wind in the height range from about 7 to 15 Rs. For 2/3 of the events, the solar wind pileup is not sufficient to explain the measured mass increase. In the height range from about 7 to 15 Rs, the ratio of the modeled to the measured mass increase is roughly larger than 0.55. Although the ratios are believed to be overestimated, the result gives evidence that the solar wind pileup probably makes a non-negligible contribution to the mass increase. It is not clear yet whether the solar wind pileup is a major contributor to the final mass derived from coronagraph observations. However, our study suggests that the solar wind pileup plays increasingly important role in the mass increase as a CME moves further away from the Sun.
description: 27 pages, 2 tables, 9 figures, accepted by ApJ
How statistical learning interacts with the socioeconomic environment to shape children’s language development
Creators: name: Eghbalzad, Leyla
name: Deocampo, Joanne
name: Conway, Christopher
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medical Sciences
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Sharing data for PLOS ONE manuscript under review.
Hitting Them Where It Hurts: Financial Integration and Borrowing Costs as Determinants of Economic Sanctions Success
Creators: name: Parets, Alexander
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: This paper builds off of recent work on the interaction between political economy and economic sanctions and argues that a target government's degree of financial integration and dependence on short-term borrowing directly affects the target's ability to withstand the coercive pressure of sender states. A government's relative level of exposure to and integration with the international financial system increases the impact of economic sanctions by increasing the costs associated with policies that are not in line with those of the system's dominant powers. States with higher levels of financial integration and short-term debt are more likely to require access to international financial markets in order to continue to service their international payments as well as finance the principal and interest on outstanding debt contracts. Increases in potential or realized financial costs will increase the pressure on target governments to acquiesce to sender demands. I use a logistic regression model to test the hypotheses that the target state's degree of financial integration and amount of short-term debt affect the probability of sanctions success with data on sanctions threats and impositions on high politics cases from 1971-2000. The results provide strong statistical support for the hypotheses and provide evidence to support the argument that international financial markets place a strong constraint on the behavior of target governments.
Computer simulation of random loose packings of micro-particles in presence of adhesion and friction
Creators: name: Liu, Wenwei
name: Li, Shuiqing
name: Chen, Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With a novel 3D discrete-element method specially developed with adhesive contact mechanics, random loose packings of uniform spherical micron-sized particles are fully investigated. The results show that large velocity, large size or weak adhesion can produce a relatively dense packing when other parameters are fixed, and these combined effects can be characterized by a dimensionless adhesion parameter ( $Ad=ω/2ρ_pU^2_0R$). Four regimes are identified based on the value of $Ad$: RCP regime with $Ad20$. Force distribution of these adhesive loose packings follows $P(f)\sim f^θ$ for small forces and $P(f)\sim \exp^{-βf}$ for big forces, respectively, which shares a similar form with that in packings without adhesion but results in distinct exponents of $θ=0.879$, $β=0.839$. A local mechanical equilibrium analysis shows that adhesion enhances both sliding and rolling resistance so that fewer neighbours are needed to satisfy the force and torque balance.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures
Sampled Weighted Min-Hashing for Large-Scale Topic Mining
Creators: name: Fuentes-Pineda, Gibran
name: Meza-Ruiz, Ivan Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present Sampled Weighted Min-Hashing (SWMH), a randomized approach to automatically mine topics from large-scale corpora. SWMH generates multiple random partitions of the corpus vocabulary based on term co-occurrence and agglomerates highly overlapping inter-partition cells to produce the mined topics. While other approaches define a topic as a probabilistic distribution over a vocabulary, SWMH topics are ordered subsets of such vocabulary. Interestingly, the topics mined by SWMH underlie themes from the corpus at different levels of granularity. We extensively evaluate the meaningfulness of the mined topics both qualitatively and quantitatively on the NIPS (1.7 K documents), 20 Newsgroups (20 K), Reuters (800 K) and Wikipedia (4 M) corpora. Additionally, we compare the quality of SWMH with Online LDA topics for document representation in classification.
description: 10 pages, Proceedings of the Mexican Conference on Pattern Recognition 2015
Emergence of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis of the Beijing lineage in Portugal and Guinea-Bissau: a snapshot of moving clones by whole-genome sequencing
Creators: name: Perdigão, João
name: Silva, Carla
name: Maltez, Fernando
name: Machado, Diana
name: Miranda, Anabela
name: Couto, Isabel
name: Rabna, Paulo
name: de Sessions, Paola Florez
name: Phelan, Jody
name: Pain, Arnab
name: McNerney, Ruth
name: Hibberd, Martin L.
name: Mokrousov, Igor
name: Clark, Taane G.
name: Viveiros, Miguel
name: Portugal, Isabel
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: The Beijing genotype comprises a highly disseminated strain type that is frequently associated with multidrug resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB) and increased transmissibility but, countries such as Portugal and Guinea-Bissau fall outside the regions phylogeographically associated with this specific genotype. Nevertheless, recent data shows that this genotype might be gradually emerging in these two countries as an underlying cause of primary MDR-TB. Here, we describe the emergence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing strains associated with MDR-TB in Portugal and Guinea-Bissau demonstrating the presence of the well described superclusters 100-32 and 94-32 in Portugal and Guinea-Bissau, respectively. Genome-wide analysis and comparison with a global genomic dataset of M. tuberculosis Beijing strains, revealed the presence of two genomic clusters encompassing isolates from Portugal and Guinea-Bissau, GC1 (n = 121) and GC2 (n = 39), both of which bore SNP signatures compatible with the 100-32/B0/W148 and 94-32/Central Asia Outbreak clades, respectively. Moreover, GC2 encompasses a cross-border cluster between Portugal, Guinea-Bissau and Brazil thus supporting migration-associated introduction of MDR-TB and subsequent clonal expansion at the community-level. The comparison with global Beijing datasets demonstrates the global reach of the disease and its complex dissemination across multiple countries while in parallel there are clear microevolutionary trajectories towards extensively drug resistant TB.
Breastfeeding Knowledge and Clinical Management among Speech-Language Pathologists
Creators: name: Blake, Adara Nicole
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2014

description: As healthcare professionals with training in dysphagia, speech-language pathologists (SLPs) are potentially valuable team members in the management of breastfeeding issues. This survey aimed to describe the clinical breastfeeding knowledge, skills, and experiences of SLPs who provide pediatric swallowing and/or feeding services. Knowledge of breastfeeding information was variable among participants. The majority indicated that they frequently encounter breastfeeding issues in their practice, but many felt that they did not have adequate knowledge and skills to address these issues. SLPs expressed interest in increasing their breastfeeding competence, but indicated a lack of resources for education including limited professional development opportunities offered by the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA). Responses indicate a need and desire for professional development in breastfeeding management among SLPs. Recognition of the importance of breastfeeding competence from ASHA would establish a precedent for the availability of pre-service and continuing education.
Autopsie d'un suicide : la facticité d'un verdict du coroner
Creators: name: Colin, Martial
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa | University of Ottawa
Year: 2024
Subjects: coroner
verdict
facticité
Latour
suicide
actor network theory
fait

description: Le coroner, professionnel en charge de discerner les décès suspects au Canada jusqu'en fin du siècle dernier, doit rendre un verdict : homicide, suicide, mort accidentelle. Devant l'ambivalence de sa tâche, il est l'individu qui s'enquiert de collecter, distinguer et trier les faits. Mais lorsque les faits eux-mêmes sont sujets à discussion, il se trouve des cas où, lorsque les membres présents dans la salle objectent, la sélection de faits du coroner - en théorie, toujours discutable - devient discutée. À l'aide de la théorie de l'acteur-réseau, ce mémoire a pour projet de se pencher sur la facticité d'un verdict du coroner. À travers l'étude du cas Richard Charest, jeune homme décédé à Québec en 1978, il s'intéresse aux faits qui constituent un verdict du coroner et à la ligne de vie de ceux-ci. Suivre un énoncé nous emmène parfois bien loin de ce que l'on pourrait imaginer. Ainsi, il est probable que les forces mobilisées par les différents acteurs d'une affaire ne soient pas toujours celles que l'on croit. Au fil de ce travail, nous verrons que tous les éléments d'une enquête du coroner, fussent-ils humains ou non, agissent chacun à leur manière sur les rapports de force qui feront pencher l'auteur d'un verdict dans l'une ou l'autre direction. Une première partie introduira la figure du coroner et un succinct aperçu de sa fonction. Cette première approche de la littérature, agrémentée de quelques réflexions théoriques, nous conduira à se questionner sur la facticité des éléments disponibles au coroner, et sur le cadre théorique choisi pour le présent exercice. Une fois les bases théoriques et méthodologiques posées sera conduite une analyse « façon acteur-réseau », autrement appelée une description. Ce afin de démontrer, d'une part, certains des filons qui se trouvent derrière certaines interactions clé de l'affaire Richard Charest, et d'autre part, en quoi l'ANT (Actor-Network Theory) peut servir à analyser un objet criminologique.
Stabilization at upright equilibrium position of a double inverted pendulum with unconstrained bat optimization
Creators: name: Srikanth, Kavirayani
name: Kumar, Gundavarapu Nagesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: A double inverted pendulum plant has been in the domain of control researchers as an established model for studies on stability. The stability of such as a system taking the linearized plant dynamics has yielded satisfactory results by many researchers using classical control techniques. The established model that is analyzed as part of this work was tested under the influence of time delay, where the controller was fine tuned using a BAT algorithm taking into considering the fitness function of square of error. This proposed method gave results which were better when compared without time delay wherein the calculated values indicated the issues when incorporating time delay.
description: 15 Pages
Experiment Investigating the Connection between Weak Values and Contextuality
Creators: name: Piacentini, F.
name: Avella, A.
name: Levi, M. P.
name: Lussana, R.
name: Villa, F.
name: Tosi, A.
name: Zappa, F.
name: Gramegna, M.
name: Brida, G.
name: Degiovanni, I. P.
name: Genovese, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weak value measurements have recently given rise to a large interest for both the possibility of measurement amplification and the chance of further quantum mechanics foundations investigation. In particular, a question emerged about weak values being proof of the incompatibility between Quantum Mechanics and Non-Contextual Hidden Variables Theories (NCHVT). A test to provide a conclusive answer to this question was given in [M. Pusey, Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 200401 (2014)], where a theorem was derived showing the NCHVT incompatibility with the observation of anomalous weak values under specific conditions. In this paper we realize this proposal, clearly pointing out the strict connection between weak values and the contextual nature of Quantum Mechanics.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Microstructure of Reflection Holographic Grating Inscribed in an Absorptive Azopolymer Film
Creators: name: Choi, Hyunhee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Microstructure of reflection holographic grating fabricated via a photo-isomerization process in an absorptive azopolymer film is analyzed. A surface relief formation takes place on the film surface even in the reflection holographic configuration. The polarization-dependent diffraction efficiency and the polarization analysis reveal that the polarization grating structure inside the film strongly depends on the amount of optical absorption experienced by the two writing beams. Theoretical analysis shows that the reflection polarization grating, while mimicking a cholesteric liquid crystal structure, is composed of elliptic polarizations with the ellipticity going through a periodic modulation.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Microbial diversity of oligotrophic marine sediments
Creators: name: Durbin, Alan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Oligotrophic marine sediments cover nearly 90% of the ocean's floor, yet in contrast to the continental margins, their biogeochemistry and microbiology has been little explored. Oligotrophic sediments exhibit dramatic nutrient limitation due to the slow rain rate of photosynthetic carbon, and consequently display a greatly expanded zone of higher-energy electron accepting activities relative to margin sediments. The working hypothesis that the most-energetic available electron acceptor structures subsurface microbial communities predicts that different microbial lineages occur in oligotrophic vs. organic-rich margin sediments. This study examines this hypothesis by considering the archaeal diversity, as revealed in clone libraries, for an ultraoligotrophic, fully oxic site, as well as the archaeal and bacterial diversity of an oligotrophic, oxic/suboxic site. Finally, I compare the archaeal diversity of available oligotrophic and representative continental margin sites, and find evidence for oligotrophic sediments as hosting a distinct, deeply divergent assemblage of Archaea, possibly adapted to exploit the higher-energy electron acceptors present therein.
Automatic Subtask Segmenation of the L Test
Creators: name: McCreath Frangakis, Alexis
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2024
Subjects: L Test
Subtask Segmentation
Functional Mobility

description: Data gathered from inertial measurement units can be used to design subtask segmentation algorithms that further analyse functional mobility tests. This method has been shown to be effective for the 6-minute walk test, and the timed up-and-go test (TUG), and have produced gait analysis and fall risk models, especially in an elderly population. While further research has recently been published to assess individuals with a more asymmetrical gait, such as lower limb amputees, subtask segmentation of functional mobility tests such as the L Test of Functional Mobility (L Test), which are recommended for lower limb amputees, has not been investigated. With a decreased ceiling effect in comparison to the TUG, and increased turn requirements, the L Test would be able to provide a more in-depth assessment of a patient's mobility. In this thesis, a rule-based subtask segmentation algorithm was designed and tested with data from both able-bodied individuals and lower limb amputees. The algorithm produced acceptable results for able-bodied individuals (97% accuracy, > 98% specificity, > 74% sensitivity), but had low sensitivity for data from lower limb amputees (93-97% accuracy, 97-99% specificity, 33-60% sensitivity). A machine learning algorithm was then trained on data from both able-bodied and lower limb amputee participants and tested on data from a lower limb amputee population. This algorithm produced improved results for lower limb amputee participants (> 85% accuracy, > 75% sensitivity, > 95% specificity). This research designed and assessed both a rule-based and a machine learning algorithm for subtask segmentation of the L Test using data collected from both able-bodied and lower limb amputee participants. Overall, this thesis contributes to the progression of movement analysis for lower limb amputees, and to the understanding of motion during an L Test.
Review of Person Re-identification Techniques
Creators: name: Saghafi, Mohammad Ali
name: Hussain, Aini
name: Zaman, Halimah Badioze
name: Saad, Mohamad Hanif Md
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Person re-identification across different surveillance cameras with disjoint fields of view has become one of the most interesting and challenging subjects in the area of intelligent video surveillance. Although several methods have been developed and proposed, certain limitations and unresolved issues remain. In all of the existing re-identification approaches, feature vectors are extracted from segmented still images or video frames. Different similarity or dissimilarity measures have been applied to these vectors. Some methods have used simple constant metrics, whereas others have utilised models to obtain optimised metrics. Some have created models based on local colour or texture information, and others have built models based on the gait of people. In general, the main objective of all these approaches is to achieve a higher-accuracy rate and lowercomputational costs. This study summarises several developments in recent literature and discusses the various available methods used in person re-identification. Specifically, their advantages and disadvantages are mentioned and compared.
description: Published 2014
The effect of sleep on male reproductive system - A protocol for systematic review and meta analysis
Creators: name: Gaoxiang
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: Abstract Background: the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of sleep deprivation on semen analyses, hormone levels and testicular histopathology in men. Methods: this review will be included in a qualified case-control study. The search strategy will be implemented in PubMed, Embase, Web of science, Cochrane library, China National knowledge Infrastructure database( CNKI), Wanfang Database, and the Cochrane library. We will solicit both English and Chinese case-control studies published from its beginning to July 31, 2020. The two examiners will independently screen, select research, extract data and evaluate quality. We use Revman5.3 software to generate funnel map, heterogeneity assessment, data analysis, subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis. Results: in the current meta-analysis, we will provide some more practical and targeted results for the study of the effects of sleep on the male reproductive system, and sum up the main limitations of previous studies. Conclusion: this study will provide new evidence for the effect of sleep on male reproductive system.
Rapid Determination of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies using a bedside, point-of-Care, serological test
Creators: name: Dortet, Laurent
name: Emeraud, Cecile
name: Vauloup-Fellous, Christelle
name: Khecharem, Mouna
name: Ronat, Jean-Baptiste
name: Fortineau, Nicolas
name: Roque-Afonso, Anne-Marie
name: Naas, Thierry
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Background: Several serological tests for SARS-CoV-2 have been developed or use, but most have only been validated on few samples, and none provide medical practitioners with an easy-to-use, self-contained, bedside test with high accuracy. Material and methods: Two-hundred fifty-six sera from 101 patients hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 infection (positive RT–PCR) and 50 control sera were tested for IgM/IgG using the NG-Test IgM-IgG COVID all-in-one assay. The seroconversion dynamic was assessed by symptom onset and day of RT–PCR diagnosis. Results: Among the SARS-CoV-2 infected patients, positive IgG and/or IgM result was observed for 67.3% of patients (68/101), including 17 (16.8%) already positive at the day of RT–PCR, and 51 (50.5%) with observable seroconversion, and 32.7% (33/101) remained negative as subsequent sampling was not possible (patient discharge or death). The sensitivity increased with the delay between onset of symptoms and sampling, going from 29.1%, 78.2% and 86.5% for the time periods of 0-9-, 10-14- and >14-days after the onset of symptoms, respectively. Cumulative sensitivity, specificity, Positive Predictive Value and Negative Predictive Value were 97.0%, 100%, 100% and 96.2%, respectively 15-days after the onset of symptoms. No difference in seroconversion delay was observed regardless of whether patients received ventilation. Conclusions: The NG-test is a bedside serological assay that could serve as a complementary source of diagnostic information to RT–PCR and chest imaging. It may also be useful to monitor immunological status of medical and non-medical workers during the ongoing pandemic, and the general population after social distancing measures have eased.