cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
ALICE: Active Learning with Contrastive Natural Language Explanations
Creators: name: Liang, Weixin
name: Zou, James
name: Yu, Zhou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Training a supervised neural network classifier typically requires many annotated training samples. Collecting and annotating a large number of data points are costly and sometimes even infeasible. Traditional annotation process uses a low-bandwidth human-machine communication interface: classification labels, each of which only provides several bits of information. We propose Active Learning with Contrastive Explanations (ALICE), an expert-in-the-loop training framework that utilizes contrastive natural language explanations to improve data efficiency in learning. ALICE learns to first use active learning to select the most informative pairs of label classes to elicit contrastive natural language explanations from experts. Then it extracts knowledge from these explanations using a semantic parser. Finally, it incorporates the extracted knowledge through dynamically changing the learning model's structure. We applied ALICE in two visual recognition tasks, bird species classification and social relationship classification. We found by incorporating contrastive explanations, our models outperform baseline models that are trained with 40-100% more training data. We found that adding 1 explanation leads to similar performance gain as adding 13-30 labeled training data points.
Improvement of accuracy for measurement of 100-km fibre latency with Correlation OTDR
Creators: name: Azendorf, Florian
name: Dochhan, Annika
name: Zou, Jim
name: Schmauss, Bernhard
name: Eiselt, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We measured the latency of a 100 km fibre link using a Correlation OTDR. Improvements over previous results were achieved by increasing the probe signal rate to 10 Gbit/s, using dispersion compensation gratings, and coupling the receiver time base to an external PPS signal.
description: This work has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 762055 (BlueSpace Project)
On the interpretation of age and chemical composition of composite stellar populations determined with line-strength indices
Creators: name: Serra, Paolo
name: Trager, Scott C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the simple-stellar-population-equivalent (SSP-equivalent) age and chemical composition measured from the Lick/IDS line-strength indices of composite stellar populations (CSP). We build two sets of ~30000 CSP models using stellar populations synthesis models, combining an old population and a young population with a range of ages and chemical compositions representative of early-type galaxies. We investigate how the SSP-equivalent stellar parameters of the CSP's depend on the stellar parameters of the two input populations; how they depend on V-band luminosity-weighted stellar parameters; and how SSP-equivalent parameters derived from different Balmer-line indices can be used to reveal the presence of a young population on top of an old one. We find that the SSP-equivalent age depends primarily on the age of the young population and on the mass fraction of the two populations, and that the SSP-equivalent chemical composition depends mainly on the chemical composition of the old population. Furthermore, while the SSP-equivalent chemical composition tracks quite closely the V-band luminosity weighted one, the SSP-equivalent age does not and is strongly biased towards the age of the young population. In this bias the age of the young population and the mass fraction between old and young population are degenerate. Finally, assuming typical error bars, we find that a discrepancy between the SSP-equivalent parameters determined with different Balmer-line indices can reveal the presence of a young stellar population on top of an old one as long as the age of the young population is less than ~2.5 Gyr and the mass fraction of young to old population is between 1% and 10%. Such disrepancy is larger at supersolar metallicities.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS; 6 pages, 2 tables and 5 figures
Hartlapp, Johannes: Siebenten-Tags-Adventisten im Nationalsozialismus unter Berücksichtigung der geschichtlichen und theologischen Entwicklung in Deutschland von 1875 bis 1950
Creators: name: Voigt, Karl Heinz
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 59 Nr. 2 (2010): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 59, Heft 2
A bright coronal downflow seen in multi-wavelength observations: evidence of a bifurcating flux-rope?
Creators: name: Tripathi, D.
name: Solanki, S. K.
name: Mason, H. E.
name: Webb, D. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: To study the origin and characteristics of a bright coronal downflow seen after a coronal mass ejection associated with erupting prominences on 5 March 2000. Methods: This study extends that of Tripathi et al. (A&A, v. 449, pp. 369) based on the Extreme-ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (EIT), the Soft X-ray Telescope (SXT) and the Large Angle Spectrometric Coronagraph (LASCO) observations. We combined those results with an analysis of the observations taken by the H$α$ and the Mk4 coronagraphs at the Mauna Loa Solar Observatory (MLSO). The combined data-set spans a broad range of temperature as well as continuous observations from the solar surface out to 30 R$_{\sun}$. Results: The downflow started at around 1.6R$_{\sun}$ and contained both hot and cold gas. The downflow was observed in the H$α$ and the Mk4 coronagraphs as well as the EIT and the SXT and was approximately co-spatial and co-temporal providing evidence of multi-thermal plasma. The H$α$ and Mk4 images show cusp-shaped structures close to the location where the downflow started. Mk4 observations reveal that the speed of the downflow in the early phase was substantially higher than the free-fall speed, implying a strong downward acceleration near the height at which the downflow started. Conclusions: The origin of the downflow was likely to have been magnetic reconnection taking place inside the erupting flux rope that led to its bifurcation.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures
Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel zinc finger protein: brain expressed ring finger protein (BERP)
Creators: name: El-Husseini, Alaa El-Din
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: A novel mammalian RING finger protein which is highly expressed in the brain (Brain expressed RING protein; BERP) was discovered. RING finger proteins are a new family of zinc finger proteins which are involved in processes that regulate cell cycle, growth and differentiation. BERP belongs to a subgroup of RING finger proteins known as the "RING finger-B-box-Coiled Coil (RBCC) proteins. Several RBCC proteins were identified as oncogenes. The human BERP gene mapped to chromosome 1 lpl5, an area containing several tumor suppressor genes. Northern blotting and in situ hybridization analysis indicated that BERP is expressed in all brain regions examined. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that BERP is expressed in several neuronal populations throughout the brain with a punctate pattern in the soma and dendrites. In addition, transiently expressed BERP in human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells is found in the cytoplasm with a punctate distribution. However, the expression of a truncated form of BERP which contains only the N-terminal RBCC domain was found in the nucleus. These results suggest that the C-terminal region of BERP may interact with cytoplasmic proteins while the N-terminus may mediate signals in the nucleus. The yeast two-hybrid assay was used to identify proteins which might interact with BERP. An unconventional class V myosin, interacted with the C-terminus of BERP in yeast and co-immunoprecipitated with BERP. Type V myosins have been implicated in vesicular transport. These data suggest that BERP associates with class V unconventinal myosins and may be involved in vesicular transport. Pheochromocytoma (PC 12) cells transfected with the N-terminus RBCC domain of BERP did not differentiate following nerve growth factor (NGF) treatment while cells expressing the full-length protein responded to NGF treatment and developed neurites. Hence, expression of the truncated BERP may act as a dominant negative mutant of endogenous BERP and block its in vivo functions. The suggested involvement of BERP in neuronal differentiation is consistent with the role of class V myosins in transporting vesicles to sites of filopodial growth. In conclusion, I have discovered a novel RING finger protein, BERP, which may be required for vesicular transport fostering the differentiation and maintenance of neuronal cells.
Relativistic NJL Model with Light and Heavy Quarks
Creators: name: Mota, A. L.
name: Arriola, E. Ruiz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model with light and heavy quarks in a relativistic approach. We emphasize relevant regularization issues as well as the transition from light to heavy quarks. The approach of the electromagnetic meson form factor to the Isgur-Wise function in the heavy quark limit is also discussed.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures. Talk given at the IV International Conference on Quarks and Nuclear Physics (QNP06), Madrid, June 5th - 10th 2006
Hamiltonian Formulation of the Pilot-Wave Theory
Creators: name: Vollick, Dan N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the pilot-wave theory of quantum mechanics particles have definite positions and velocities and the system evolves deterministically. The velocity of a particle is determined by the wave function of the system (the guidance equation) and the wave function evolves according to Schrodinger's equation. In this paper I first construct a Hamiltonian that gives Schrodinger's equation and the guidance equation for the particle. I then find the Hamiltonian for a relativistic particle in Dirac's theory and for a quantum scalar field.
General Relativity from a gauged WZW term
Creators: name: Anabalon, Andres
name: Willison, Steven
name: Zanelli, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper two things are done. First it is shown how a four dimensional gauged Wess-Zumino-Witten term arises from the five dimensional Einstein-Hilbert plus Gauss-Bonnet lagrangian with a special choice of the coefficients. Second, the way in which the equations of motion of four-dimensional General Relativity arise is exhibited.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure. v2: Minor changes in section 1 and 2. Section 3, rewritten
Transport model study of the $m_T$-scaling for $Λ$, K, and $π$ HBT-correlations
Creators: name: Li, Qingfeng
name: Bleicher, Marcus
name: Stoecker, Horst
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the microscopic transport model UrQMD in which hadronic and string degrees of freedom are employed, the HBT parameters in the longitudinal co-moving system are investigated for charged pion and kaon, and $Λ$ sources in heavy ion collisions (HICs) at SPS and RHIC energies. In the Cascade mode, $R_O$ and the $R_L$ at high SPS and RHIC energies do not follow the $m_T$-scaling, however, after considering a soft equation of state with momentum dependence (SM-EoS) for formed baryons and a density-dependent Skyrme-like potential for ``pre-formed'' particles, the HBT radii of pions and kaons and even those of $Λ$s with large transverse momenta follow the $m_T$-scaling function $R=3/\sqrt{m_T}$ fairly well.
description: 6 pages, 5 figs
Fail-Safe Controller Architectures for Quadcopter with Motor Failures
Creators: name: Rible, Gene Patrick S.
name: Arriola, Nicolette Ann A.
name: Ramos,, Manuel C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: I.2.9

description: A fail-safe algorithm in case of motor failure was developed, simulated, and tested. For practical fail-safe flight, the quadcopter may fly with only three or two opposing propellers. Altitude for two-propeller architecture was maintained by a PID controller that is independent from the inner and outer controllers. A PID controller on propeller force deviations from equilibrium was augmented to the inner controller of the three-propeller architecture. Both architectures used LQR for the inner attitude controller and a damped second order outer controller that zeroes the error along the horizontal coordinates. The restrictiveness, stability, robustness, and symmetry of these architectures were investigated with respect to their output limits, initial conditions, and controller frequencies. Although the three-propeller architecture allows for distribution of propeller forces, the two-propeller architecture is more efficient, robust, and stable. The two-propeller architecture is also robust to model uncertainties. It was shown that higher yaw rate leads to greater stability when operating in fail-safe mode.
description: 7 pages, 9 figures, published in the 2020 6th International Conference on Control, Automation and Robotics (ICCAR) Proceedings
Molecular and all solid DFT studies of the magnetic and chemical bonding properties within KM[Cr(CN)$_6$] (M = V, Ni) complexes
Creators: name: Kabalan, L.
name: Matar, S. F.
name: Desplanches, C.
name: Létard, J. F.
name: Zakhour, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A study at both the molecular and extended solid level in the framework DFT is carried out for KM[Cr(CN)$_6$] (M = V, Ni). From molecular calculations, the exchange parameters J are obtained, pointing to the expected magnetic ground states, i.e., antiferromagnetic for M = V with J = -296.5 cm$^{-1}$ and ferromagnetic for M = Ni with J = +40.5 cm$^{-1}$. From solid state computations the same ground states and J magnitudes are confirmed from energy differences. Furthermore an analysis of the site projected density of states and of the chemical bonding is developed in which the cyanide ion linkage is analyzed addressing some isomerism aspects.
description: new results, 5 tables, 7 figs
Experimental approaches for 100 TeV gamma-ray astronomy
Creators: name: Colin, Pierre
name: LeBohec, Stephan
name: Holder, Jamie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The high energy end of gamma-ray source spectra might provide important clues regarding the nature of the processes involved in gamma-ray emission. Several galactic sources with hard emission spectra extending up to more than 30TeV have already been reported. Measurements around 100TeV and above should be an important goal for the next generation of high energy gamma-ray astronomy experiments. Here we present several techniques providing the required exposure (100 km^2.h). We focus our study on three Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Technique (IACT) based approaches: low elevation observations, large field of view telescopes, and large telescope arrays. We comment on the advantages and disadvantages of each approach and report simulation based estimates of their energy ranges and sensitivities.
description: 3 pages 1 figure. Proceedings of TeV particle astrophysics 2, Madison, August 2006. http://www.icecube.wisc.edu/TeV/presentations/colin_poster.pdf
Transcription of the Questionnaire on Information Structure
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Newbold, Lindsey
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio file VP-180212-05: Transcription of responses to the Questionnaire on Information Structure (file VP-151011-08), from the beginning of the file to 7:15.
Confined magnetoelastic waves in thin waveguides
Creators: name: Vanderveken, Frederic
name: Mulkers, Jeroen
name: Leliaert, Jonathan
name: Van Waeyenberge, Bartel
name: Sorée, Bart
name: Zografos, Odysseas
name: Ciubotaru, Florin
name: Adelmann, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The characteristics of confined magnetoelastic waves in nanoscale ferromagnetic magnetostrictive waveguides have been investigated by a combination of analytical and numerical calculations. The presence of both magnetostriction and inverse magnetostriction leads to the coupling between confined spin waves and elastic Lamb waves. Numerical simulations of the coupled system have been used to extract the dispersion relations of the magnetoelastic waves as well as their mode profiles.
description: 30 pages, 9 figures
Lagrangian and Hamiltonian Formulation of Classical Electrodynamics without Potentials
Creators: name: Vollick, Dan N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the standard Lagrangian and Hamiltonian approach to Maxwell's theory the potentials $A^μ$ are taken as the dynamical variables. In this paper I take the electric field $\vec{E}$ and the magnetic field $\vec{B}$ as the the dynamical variables. I find a Lagrangian that gives the dynamical Maxwell equations and include the constraint equations by using Lagrange multipliers. In passing to the Hamiltonian one finds that the canonical momenta $\vecΠ_E$ and $\vecΠ_B$ are constrained giving 6 second class constraints at each point in space. Gauss's law and $\vec{\nabla}\cdot\vec{B}=0$ can than be added in as additional constraints. There are now 8 second class constraints, leaving 4 phase space degrees of freedom. The Dirac bracket is then introduced and is calculated for the field variables and their conjugate momenta.
Wikidata as a research tool for data modelling and integration in the humanities: Examples from the German Wikimedia Fellow Program Free Knowledge
Creators: name: Thiery, Florian
name: Schmidt, Sophie Charlotte
name: Voß, Jakob
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Linked Open Data
Wikidata
Archaeology
Ogham
Open Science Fellows Program

description: Research Software Engineers and their work is becoming increasingly important in digital humanities research just as digital humanities gain traction. Not just developing and extending software are important for this process, data creation, data publication and data management are equally critical; as the idiom goes, "data matures like wine, applications like fish". Therefore, RSEs need to store their 'wine' FAIRly to make it accessible in the future. In this talk we present Wikidata as a data integration hub for FAIR Linked Open Data (LOD), that can be used with many research software tools, e.g. SPARQLing Unicorn, QGIS plugin and Scholia. Wikidata is the information storage system in the Wikimedia Universe. In particular, Wikidata is ideal for data modeling and immediate publishing as any user can create their own (semantic) data model and map it to Wikidata. A number of tools and APIs already exist for applying Wikidata to open research [1]. As an example use case we will present two projects from the German Wikimedia Fellow-Programme Free Knowledge. The first, Irish Ogham Stones in the Wikimedia Universe [2], focuses on linking different data sets on Ogham Stones within the Wikimedia Universe and the second, Smashed Dishes -- Archaeological Sources in Wikidata [3], aims to create possibilities for amateur archaeologists to collect and publish their data. As a conclusion, we will discuss the advantages we found in using Wikidata. These include enhanced data re-usability and availability, FAIRly published data and data and possibilities for data integration between diverse data sources and research software. Data and software integration may lead to Linked Open Data and, the resulting interoperability opens up new possibilities for RSEs. [1] https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Tools/For_programmers [2] http://ogham.squirrel.link [3] http://smasheddishes.squirrel.link
Observation of Magnetic Order in a ${\rm YBa_2Cu_3O_{6.6}}$ Superconductor
Creators: name: Mook, H. A.
name: Sidis, Y.
name: Fauqué, B.
name: Balédent, V.
name: Bourges, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polarized beam neutron scattering measurements on a highly perfect crystal of ${\rm YBa_2Cu_3O_{6.6}}$ show a distinct magnetic transition with an onset at about 235K, the temperature expected for the pseudogap transition. The moment is found to be about 0.1 $μ_B$ for each sublattice and have a correlation length of at least 75 Å. We found the critical exponent for the magnetic neutron intensity to be 2$β$ =0.37$\pm$ 0.12. This is the proper range for the class of transition that has no specific heat divergence possibly explaining why none is found at the pseudogap transition.
description: 3 figures
Performance of Dual-Augmented Lagrangian Method and Common Spatial Patterns applied in classification of Motor-Imagery BCI
Creators: name: Miladinović, Aleksandar
name: Ajčević, Miloš
name: Accardo, Agostino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Motor-imagery based brain-computer interfaces (MI-BCI) have the potential to become ground-breaking technologies for neurorehabilitation, the reestablishment of non-muscular communication and commands for patients suffering from neuronal disorders and disabilities, but also outside of clinical practice, for video game control and other entertainment purposes. However, due to the noisy nature of the used EEG signal, reliable BCI systems require specialized procedures for features optimization and extraction. This paper compares the two approaches, the Common Spatial Patterns with Linear Discriminant Analysis classifier (CSP-LDA), widely used in BCI for extracting features in Motor Imagery (MI) tasks, and the Dual-Augmented Lagrangian (DAL) framework with three different regularization methods: group sparsity with row groups (DAL-GLR), dual-spectrum (DAL-DS) and l1-norm regularization (DAL-L1). The test has been performed on 7 healthy subjects performing 5 BCI-MI sessions each. The preliminary results show that DAL-GLR method outperforms standard CSP-LDA, presenting 6.9% lower misclassification error (p-value = 0.008) and demonstrate the advantage of DAL framework for MI-BCI.
Microthorax pusillus Engelmann 1862
Creators: name: Durán-Ramírez, Carlos Alberto
name: Dias, Roberto Júnio Pedroso
name: Estrada, Rosaura Mayén-
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Ciliophora
Nassophorea
Nassulida
Microthoracidae
Microthorax
Microthorax pusillus

description: Microthorax pusillus Engelmann, 1862
Distribution. ECUADOR: (Foissner et al. 2003). BRAZIL: Paraná River between the Nupelia’s Field Station and the district of Porto São José, São Pedro do Paraná (Buosi et al. 2014 b, 2015), (Ad).
description: Published as part of Durán-Ramírez, Carlos Alberto, Dias, Roberto Júnio Pedroso & Estrada, Rosaura Mayén-, 2020, Checklist of ciliates (Alveolata: Ciliophora) that inhabit in bromeliads from the Neotropical Region, pp. 1-36 in Zootaxa 4895 (1) on page 20, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4895.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4321437
Strong H$α$ emission in the young planetary mass companion 2MASS J0249-0557 c
Creators: name: Chinchilla, P.
name: Béjar, V. J. S.
name: Lodieu, N.
name: Osorio, M. R. Zapatero
name: Gauza, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: Our objective is the optical and near-infrared spectroscopic characterisation of 2MASS J0249-0557 c, a recently discovered young planetary mass companion to the $β$ Pictoris member 2MASS J0249-0557. Methods: Using the Visible and Infrared Survey Telescope for Astronomy (VISTA) Hemisphere Survey (VHS) and the Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) data, we independently identified the companion 2MASS J0249-0557 c. We obtained low-resolution optical spectroscopy of this object using the Optical System for Imaging and low-intermediate-Resolution Integrated Spectroscopy (OSIRIS) spectrograph at the Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC), and near-infrared spectroscopy using the Son of Isaac (SofI) spectrograph on the New Technology Telescope (NTT). Results: We classified 2MASS J0249-0557 c with a spectral type of L2.5$\pm$0.5 in the optical and L3$\pm$1 in the near-infrared. We identified spectroscopic indicators of youth that are compatible with the age of the $β$ Pictoris moving group. We also detect a strong H$α$ emission, with a pEW of -90$^{+20}_{-40}$A, which seems persistent in time. This indicates strong chromospheric activity or disk accretion. Although many M-type brown dwarfs have strong H$α$ emission, this target is one of the very few L-type planetary mass objects in which this strong H$α$ emission has been detected. Lithium absorption at 6708 A is observed with pEW $\lesssim$ 5A. We also computed the binding energy of 2MASS J0249-0557 c and obtained an (absolute) upper limit of $U=(-8.8\pm4.4) 10^{32}$ J. Conclusions: Similarly to other young brown dwarfs and isolated planetary mass objects, strong H$α$ emission is also present in young planetary mass companions at ages of some dozen million years. We also found that 2MASS J0249-0557 c is one of the wide substellar companions with the lowest binding energy known to date.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
title: Fear and Flames – An investigation into the landscape level affordances of the Wildfire Package and their impact on modern human attitudes to fire and related landscapes of fear
Creators: name: Caris, AB
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2018

description: Fire is an important aspect of human culture with a relatively unknown deep evolutionary history whose origins are a subject of interest for research. In this thesis it is argued that the desire to feel safe and minimise risks to a large degree determines the habitat use choices of primates. This research project approaches early hominin fire-use in an innovative way by focussing on the adaptive selective benefits of intelligent palaeoenvironmental risk management strategies and subsequent reductions to vigilance investments and stress levels. It has isolated the point that almost no work had been carried out on the testing of modern human attitudes towards fire. On the basis of field studies carried out in the UK and in Uganda using questionnaire surveys, a major new line of evidence concerning modern human attitudes to fire is presented that may be useful to the testing of early fire theories. The research has made contributions to three main areas in coming to its conclusions: the principal contribution is the first systematic cross-cultural (and cross-continental) study into the attitudes and framing of fire; with one study cohort made up of Ugandan Batwa. The results identified a strong cross-cultural awareness of the usefulness of fire and the clear correlation between a broad history of fire-use and a positive framing of fire. The second major contribution to the study of the origins of hominin fire-use is the ‘Wildfire Package’ concept; a novel way of viewing the very variable landscape affordances of wildfire. The third contribution is the idea of ‘Fear and Flames’; a new early hominin fire-use hypothesis grounded in Landscape of Fear theory.
title: A COMPLEX SYSTEMS THEORY AND MODEL OF CULTURAL EVOLUTION AND REVOLUTION. THE CASE OF HOMO SAPIENS
Creators: name: Bond, PL
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2017

description: The primary aim of this dissertation is to develop a theory and model of the evolutionary and revolutionary phases of change in human cultures valid from prehistory to the present. Its originality derives from the adoption of a radical theory of living and cognition devised by biologists and neuroscientists Humberto Maturana and Francisco Varela, referred to as a biology of cognition (BoC), autopoietic theory, or a theory of constitutive ontologies (suggesting an entanglement of living entities). The demand for a new theory arises from the strong discontent felt amongst some palaeoanthropologists and archaeologists of a failure to develop a satisfactory theory of Homo evolution. Some believe the failure is due to the absence a robust theory of evolution that satisfactorily explains how genes, brain, body and the cultural world co-evolve. This is also apparent in the recognised absence of a satisfactory theory of technical cognition that links brain, body and world in actions such as, tool using or making. The main thrust of this work has been to reveal the mechanism that operates between brain and body, body and world, which Maturana and Varela describe as structural coupling. The nature of structural coupling is such that organisms may only know their world through their senses. Some only have chemical senses, while others are endowed with different permutations and combinations. However, what sets humans apart from all other animals, is that we live in language, or in conversations about our sense making experiences of the world. Although sounding radical, with a hint of solipsism, living in language is presented as an alternative explanation to the one currently favoured in human origins research, that we are symbolic animals, and our behaviour is mediated by symbols. The living in language hypothesis leads to the proposition that culture is a closed network of conversations, which are flows of emotions entwined with flows of co-ordinated actions or behaviours. Further, that networks of conversations are supra-critical or unstable systems. A supra-critical system is one in which novelty and variety is produced on an explosive scale, and when such phases occur there is revolution. However, and paradoxically, the supra-critical state is ameliorated by what it produces, that is, the products (artefacts) and associated processes (or techniques), around which new, but temporary, stable subcritical structures precipitate. This defines a period of evolution.
Semantic Workflows and Machine Learning for the Assessment of Carbon Storage by Urban Trees
Creators: name: Carrillo, Juan
name: Garijo, Daniel
name: Crowley, Mark
name: Carrillo, Rober
name: Gil, Yolanda
name: Borda, Katherine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Climate science is critical for understanding both the causes and consequences of changes in global temperatures and has become imperative for decisive policy-making. However, climate science studies commonly require addressing complex interoperability issues between data, software, and experimental approaches from multiple fields. Scientific workflow systems provide unparalleled advantages to address these issues, including reproducibility of experiments, provenance capture, software reusability and knowledge sharing. In this paper, we introduce a novel workflow with a series of connected components to perform spatial data preparation, classification of satellite imagery with machine learning algorithms, and assessment of carbon stored by urban trees. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that estimates carbon storage for a region in Africa following the guidelines from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).
description: Previously published as part of the SciKnow 2019 Workshop, November 19th, 2019. Los Angeles, California, USA. Collocated with the tenth International Conference on Knowledge Capture (K-CAP)
Lepton flavor violating radion decays in the Randall-Sundrum scenario
Creators: name: Iltan, E. O.
name: Korutlu, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We predict the branching ratios of lepton flavor violating radion decays r -> e^{\pm} μ^{\pm}, r -> e^{\pm} τ^{\pm} and r -> μ^{\pm} τ^{\pm} in the two Higgs doublet model, in the framework of the Randall Sundurum scenario. We observe that the branching ratios of the processes we study are at most at the order of 10^{-8} for the small values of radion mass and it decreases with the increasing values of m_r. Among the LFV decays we study, the r -> τ^{\pm} μ^{\pm} decay would be the most suitable one to measure its branching ratio.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, 1 table
Optimizing the greenfield Beta-beam
Creators: name: Agarwalla, Sanjib Kumar
name: Choubey, Sandhya
name: Raychaudhuri, Amitava
name: Winter, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a comprehensive and detailed comparison of the physics reach of Beta-beam neutrino experiments between two pairs of plausible source ions, (8B, 8Li) and (18Ne, 6He). We study the optimal choices for the baseline, boost factor, and luminosity. We take a 50 kton iron calorimeter, a la ICAL@INO, as the far detector. We follow two complementary approaches for our study: (i) Fixing the number of useful ion decays and boost factor of the beam, and optimizing for the sensitivity reach between the two pairs of ions as a function of the baseline. (ii) Matching the shape of the spectrum between the two pairs of ions, and studying the requirements for baseline, boost factor, and luminosity. We find that for each pair of ions there are two baselines with very good sensitivity reaches: a short baseline with $L [km]/ γ\simeq 2.6$ (8B+8Li) and $L [km]/γ\simeq 0.8$ (18Ne+6He), and a long ``magic'' baseline. For $γ\sim 500$, one would optimally use 18Ne and 6He at the short baseline for CP violation, 8B and 8Li at the magic baseline for the mass hierarchy, and either 18Ne and 6He at the short baseline or 8B and 8Li at the magic baseline for the $\sin^22θ_{13}$ discovery.
description: 36 pages. Comparison with a benchmark Beta-beam scenario using water Cerenkov detector and a neutrino factory set-up added. Final version to appear in JHEP
Center vortex model for Sp(2) Yang-Mills theory
Creators: name: Engelhardt, M.
name: Sperisen, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The question whether the center vortex picture of the strongly interacting vacuum can encompass the infrared dynamics of both SU(2) as well as Sp(2) Yang-Mills theory is addressed. These two theories contain the same center vortex degrees of freedom, and yet exhibit deconfinement phase transitions of different order. This is argued to be caused by the effective action governing the vortices being different in the two cases. To buttress this argument, a random vortex world-surface model is constructed which reproduces available lattice data characterizing Sp(2) Yang-Mills confinement properties. A new effective action term which can be interpreted in terms of a vortex stickiness serves to realize a first-order deconfinement phase transition, as found in Sp(2) Yang-Mills theory. Predictions are given for the behavior of the spatial string tension at finite temperatures.
description: 16 pages, 5 ps figures; replaced one sentence from original version in order to represent related work more faithfully
Stabilization method with Relativistic Configuration-interaction applied to two-electron resonances
Creators: name: Amaro, P.
name: Santos, J. P.
name: Bhattacharyya, S.
name: Mukherjee, T. K.
name: Saha, J. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We applied a relativistic configuration-interaction (CI) framework to the stabilization method as an approach for obtaining the autoionization resonance structure of heliumlike ions. In this method, the ion is confined within an impenetrable spherical cavity, the size of which determines the radial space available for electron wavefunctions and electron-electron interactions. By varying the size of the cavity, one can obtain the autoionization resonance position and width. The applicability of this method is tested on the resonances of He atom while comparing with benchmark data available in the literature. The present method is further applied to the determination of the resonance structure of heliumlike uranium ion, where a relativistic framework is mandatory. In the strong-confinement region, the present method can be useful to simulate the properties of an atom or ion under extreme pressure. An exemplary application of the present method to determine the structure of ions embedded in a dense plasma environment is briefly discussed.
description: v0: Accepted to publication in Physical Review A, https://journals.aps.org/pra/accepted/8c076N97Jbf10614983021c0e80a175051a9473a2
A mean field study of single-particle spectra evolution in Z=14 and N=28 chains
Creators: name: Tarpanov, Dimitar
name: Liang, Haozhao
name: Van Giai, Nguyen
name: Stoyanov, Chavdar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the mechanisms which reduce the proton 1d(3/2)-1d(5/2) spin-orbit splitting and the neutron 1f(7/2) subshell closure in 42Si. We use various self-consistent mean field models: non-relativistic Skyrme-Hartree-Fock and relativistic density-dependent Hartree-Fock. Special attention is devoted to the influence of a tensor component in the effective interaction. It is found that the tensor force indeed governs the reduction of the 1d proton spin-orbit splitting. On the other hand, the reduction of the neutron 1f(7/2) subshell closure is not clearly related to the tensor force.
description: Submited in PRC. 6 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables
title: An Investigation into the Hydration and Growth of Ice Layers on Metal Surfaces using Low Temperature Scanning Tunnelling Microscopy.
Creators: name: Gerrard, Nikki Louise
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2019

description: This thesis discusses the surface wetting of close-packed, open-faced and stepped metal surfaces and the variation in structures that form in this interfacial layer. It takes into account how specific sites can provide preferential binding, how the reactivity of different metals can have an effect on the structures which form and whether this influences dissociation. It also deliberates factors that help make a good ice nucleating agent and whether a surface can act as a template to grow an ordered multilayer film. Tackling a variety of different surface characteristics, the discussions in this thesis give a good overview of the field, but also the on-going issues and difficulties which still need to be addressed and hopefully overcome in the future.
title: Detection of cognitive process during differentiating task with electroencephalography
title: Detection of cognitive process during differentiating task with EEG
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: V{U00F5}, T{U00E2}N Quang (Chief Editor)
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: BF311.V6 2012
subject: Electroencephalography
subject: Cognition Measurement
subject: Machine learning

description: Human beings notice differences in their environment and make explicit and implicit differentiations between events and activities. These are very intuitive activities that humans perform on regular basis, studying the cognitive processes behind them will help gain more knowledge on mental tasks, opening up possibilities for better brain-computer interaction (BCI) mechanisms in the future. In this study, these cognitive processes were measured using a non-invasive brain measuring method, Electroencephalography (EEG) as well as a behavioural measure (eye gaze path). Separate experiments were carried out to examine both scenarios of explicit (voluntary) and implicit (involuntary) differentiations. Using a combination of machine learning tools for signal analysis, a high correct rate of classification results in combination with significant statistical figures achieved has shown that one can effectively identify those mental tasks from studying the brainwave and eye gaze measurements. - provided by Candidate.
EGI-ACE D2.4 Technical, Policy and Service Management Integration Report
Creators: name: Sipos, Gergely
name: Testa, Eleonora
name: La Rocca, Giuseppe
name: Scardaci, Diego
name: Paolini, Alessandro
name: Viljoen, Matthew
name: Chen, Yin
name: Torre, Gianni Dalla
name: Manzi, Andrea
name: Enol Fernandez
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Onboarding, Portfolio, Catalogues, SMS, ITSM, FAIR

description: EGI-ACE delivers ‘EOSC Compute Platform’ services and ‘Data Space services’ in EOSC. This deliverable reports on the integration and alignment activities between EGI-ACE and EOSC. The document describes the approaches that were taken by the project for the service portfolio integration; technical interoperability; service management system; FAIRness assessment of the data spaces. Based on the findings the project will continue to strengthen the links with EOSC in 2022. An updated version of this deliverable will be produced as D2.8 in December 2022.
Transcription of the Questionnaire on Information Structure
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Newbold, Lindsey
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio file VP-180212-04: Transcription of responses to the Questionnaire on Information Structure (file VP-151011-07), from the beginning to the end of the file.
A combinatorial approach to surgery formulas in Heegaard Floer homology
Creators: name: Eftekhary, Eaman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M27;57R58

description: Using the combinatorial approach to Heegaard Floer homology we obtain a relatively easy formula for computation of hat Heegaard Floer homology for the three-manifold obtained by rational surgery on a knot K inside a homology sphere Y.
Large Scale Features of Southwest Monsoon During 2015
Creators: name: Varikoden, Hamza
name: Singh, Bhupendra Bahadur
name: Sooraj, K. P.
name: Joshi, Manish K.
name: Bhaskar, Preethi
name: Mujumdar, Milind
name: Rajeevan, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During 2015, the southwest monsoon (SWM) rainfall over the country remained deficient with seasonal rainfall of about 86% of the long period average (Table 1.1). Last year, the seasonal rainfall deficiency over the country as a whole was 12% (www.imd.gov.in). Thus, this is a fourth episode of two consecutive years, with deficient monsoon, similar to 1904-05, 1965-66 and 1986-87 (www.imd.gov.in).
description: "12 pages, chapter in A Research Report on the 2015 Southwest Monsoon (2015), pp 2-13; see https://www.tropmet.res.in/~lip/Publication/RR-pdf/RR-185.pdf"
Physical problems (microphysics) in relativistic plasma flows
Creators: name: Silva, L. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many problems in astrophysics involve relativistic outflows. The plasma dynamics in these scenarios is critical to determine the conditions for the self-consistent evolution of the fields and particle acceleration. Advances in computer power now allow for kinetic plasma simulations, based on the particle-in-cell (PIC) paradigm, capable of providing information about the role of plasma instabilities in relativistic outflows. A discussion of the key issues associated with PIC simulations is presented, along with some the most important results and open questions, with a particular emphasis on the long time evolution of the filamentation, or Weibel, instability, and on the possible collisionless mechanisms for particle acceleration arising in the collision of relativistic plasma shells.
description: 19 pages, 18 figures
title: Bonding of Small Molecules on Metal Surfaces
Creators: name: McMahon, C
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2017

description: At metal surfaces, water structures are determined by a competition between optimizing the bonding of molecules to the surface and optimizing the hydrogen bonding within the layer. Density Functional Theory calculations will be used to examine how the hydrogen bonding or water-metal bonds change the structure of the water overlayer. This work compliments experimental studies on the same systems, that employ the standard surface science tools of LEED, to provide ac- curate starting points for the calculations. From the work studied it is possible to narrow down the ratio of water to hydroxyl on the Rh(111) surface. Water is a by product of many industrial reactions so a better understand- ing is important. This aims to increase understanding of surface alloys and the trends across a series. Density functional theory is once again used to provide an understanding of the adsorption sites and energies of intact and dissociated water molecules on four different alloy surfaces, AgSn, PdSn, PtSn and RhSn. Density Functional Theory has once again been used to provide a good understanding of carbon monoxide and oxygen binding to Cu(110). It has also been used to provide a better understanding of CO oxidation on the Cu(110) added row oxide surface, although it is clear there are significant energy barriers to be overcome for this to happen.
Correcting Quantum Errors with Entanglement
Creators: name: Brun, Todd
name: Devetak, Igor
name: Hsieh, Min-Hsiu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how entanglement shared between encoder and decoder can simplify the theory of quantum error correction. The entanglement-assisted quantum codes we describe do not require the dual-containing constraint necessary for standard quantum error correcting codes, thus allowing us to ``quantize'' all of classical linear coding theory. In particular, efficient modern classical codes that attain the Shannon capacity can be made into entanglement-assisted quantum codes attaining the hashing bound (closely related to the quantum capacity). For systems without large amounts of shared entanglement, these codes can also be used as catalytic codes, in which a small amount of initial entanglement enables quantum communication.
description: 17 pages, no figure. To appear in Science