cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
New Innovative and Cost Effective Roll-to-Roll Machine Concepts for Electrical Front and Back Contacts for Flexible PV Cells
Creators: name: Morrison, N.
name: Sauer, P.
name: Reus, A.
name: Lotz, H.G.
name: Wagner, D.
name: Steiniger, G.
name: Ball, D.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
CIS and Other (II-VI) Ternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 3448-3452
description: Roll-to-Roll (R2R) production of thin film solar cells combine the advantages of the use of
inexpensive, lightweight & flexible substrates with high throughput production. Furthermore, the form factor
exhibited by these substrates permit manufacture of devices compatible with novel architectural structures and low
load capacity roofing thereby expanding the potential installation base of Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV)
systems. Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) is commonly used to deposit the front and back contact structures
employed in both thin film Silicon and Copper Indium Gallium Selenide (CIGS) based flexible solar cells. However,
the type (polymer or metal) and geometry (width and length) of the substrate depends upon the absorber layer
incorporated within the device. Further complications arise in terms of sensitivity of the deposited device structure to
contact with the coated surface, as R2R coating systems require tension to be applied to the substrate during dynamic
deposition to ensure substrate planarity and temperature uniformity within the coating zone. As such, PVD tools
developed for the production of front and back contact layers must not only deliver the required optical, electrical and
mechanical properties but also provide a platform for high productivity, high yield processing for a variety of
different layer stack structures. The work presented here therefore describes the development of an intelligently
controlled (e.g. inline optical & electrical property control) modular sputter coater designed for the deposition of both
metallic back contacts (e.g. aluminum & silver for thin film silicon or molybdenum for CIGS) and Transparent
Conductive Oxide (TCO) based front contacts (e.g. Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) for thin film silicon and both intrinsic
zinc oxide and Aluminum doped Zinc Oxide for CIGS) necessary for R2R manufacture of thin film solar cells.
Furthermore, results will be presented demonstrating gas separation capabilities of the tool, thereby permitting
deposition of high purity metals and TCO materials in the same chamber (for thin film silicon NIP cell architectures)
reducing both the PVD tool footprint and overall cost of ownership.
A trio of horseshoes: past, present and future dynamical evolution of Earth co-orbital asteroids 2015 XX169, 2015 YA and 2015 YQ1
Creators: name: Marcos, C. de la Fuente
name: Marcos, R. de la Fuente
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is widely accepted that a quasi-steady-state flux of minor bodies moving in and out of the co-orbital state with the Earth may exist. Some of these objects are very good candidates for future in situ study due to their favourable dynamical properties. In this paper, we show that the recently discovered near-Earth asteroids 2015 XX169, 2015 YA and 2015 YQ1 are small transient Earth co-orbitals. These new findings increase the tally of known Earth co-orbitals to 17. The three of them currently exhibit asymmetric horseshoe behaviour subjected to a Kozai resonance and their short-term orbital evolution is rather unstable. Both 2015 YA and 2015 YQ1 may leave Earth's co-orbital zone in the near future as they experience close encounters with Venus, the Earth-Moon system and Mars. Asteroid 2015 XX169 may have remained in the vicinity of, or trapped inside, the 1:1 mean motion resonance with our planet for many thousands of years and may continue in that region for a significant amount of time into the future.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in Astrophysics and Space Science. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1511.08360
Laser Induced Crystallization Processes for Multicrystalline Silicon Thin Film Solar Cells
Creators: name: Andrä, G.
name: Bergmann, J.
name: Gawlik, A.
name: Höger, I.
name: Schmidt, T.
name: Falk, F.
name: Burghardt, B.
name: Eberhardt, G.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Thin Film Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells and Wafer Equivalents

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 3538-3542
description: Different laser based methods for the preparation of multicrystalline silicon thin film superstrate solar
cells on glass are discussed. All the methods investigated depend on a two step process. In a first step a
multicrystalline seed layer is prepared on the glass substrate. In the second step by electron beam evaporation an a-Si
layer is deposited onto the seed including dopand profiles, which then is epitaxially crystallized. In this paper, the
main emphasis is given to the epitaxial thickening process. For this purpose cw diode lasers or pulse lasers are used.
Epitaxy is achieved via melting or in the solid state. The advantages and the drawbacks of the different methods are
investigated and the possibility of up-scaling is discussed.
Temperature steerable flows and Boltzmann generators
Creators: name: Dibak, Manuel
name: Klein, Leon
name: Krämer, Andreas
name: Noé, Frank
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Thermodynamics
subject: Statistical Physics
subject: Biological Physics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Boltzmann generators approach the sampling problem in many-body physics by combining a normalizing flow and a statistical reweighting method to generate samples in thermodynamic equilibrium. The equilibrium distribution is usually defined by an energy function and a thermodynamic state. Here, we propose temperature steerable flows (TSFs) which are able to generate a family of probability densities parametrized by a choosable temperature parameter. TSFs can be embedded in generalized ensemble sampling frameworks to sample a physical system across multiple thermodynamic states.
Optimal Screen Mesh, Emulsion Chemistry, and Emulsion Thickness for Fine-Line Front Metallization Pastes on Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Tavares, R.
name: Dobie, A.
name: Buzby, D.
name: Zhang, W.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Manufacturing Issues and Processing

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2040-2043
description: A common goal for screen-printable front contact metallization pastes is thin and tall gridlines with high aspect
ratios, which provides a decrease in grid resistance as well as an increase in short circuit current via minimizing
cell shading. There are, however, several limiting factors that exist with achieving high aspect ratio, with a main
contributor being screen design. The purpose of this paper is to examine commercially available screen designs
(i.e. different mesh, emulsion over mesh (EOM) thickness, and emulsion composition) in order to determine the
optimal screen design for processing SOL9411, a commercially available Heraeus high aspect ratio front contact
metallization. With this, emulsion has been determined to be a critical component in maintaining desirable aspect
ratio. By optimizing EOM thickness and emulsion chemistry, one can limit the disadvantages of a relatively large
open area mesh (line spreading or slumping) without compromising the advantage of such an open area at narrow
finger apertures.
Carrier density independent scattering rate in SrTiO3-based electron liquids
Creators: name: Mikheev, Evgeny
name: Raghavan, Santosh
name: Zhang, Jack Y.
name: Marshall, Patrick B.
name: Kajdos, Adam P.
name: Balents, Leon
name: Stemmer, Susanne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the carrier density dependence of the scattering rate in two- and three-dimensional electron liquids in SrTiO3 in the regime where it scales with T^n (T is the temperature and n <= 2) in the cases when it is varied by electrostatic control and chemical doping, respectively. It is shown that the scattering rate is independent of the carrier density. This is contrary to the expectations from Landau Fermi liquid theory, where the scattering rate scales inversely with the Fermi energy (E_F). We discuss that the behavior is very similar to systems traditionally identified as non-Fermi liquids (n < 2). This includes the cuprates and other transition metal oxide perovskites, where strikingly similar density-independent scattering rates have been observed. The results indicate that the applicability of Fermi liquid theory should be questioned for a much broader range of correlated materials and point to the need for a unified theory.
Integrated Dryer-Firing-System for High Throughput Production
Creators: name: König, M.
name: Frigge, S.
name: Landgraf, D.
name: Hayn, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Manufacturing Issues and Processing

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2048-2050
description: State of the art contact firing process is usually performed on single lane, metal belt transport systems.
Prior to firing a drying step of screen printed front side paste is essential. We will present a firing furnace, which
introduces a new transport system for both single and dual lane firing. Drying of front side paste and contact firing
happens in one single furnace of 5.5 m length, which is the shortest furnace available on market.
Improved Laser Edge Isolation Process for Si-Solar Cells
Creators: name: Bertram, A.
name: Köhler, J.R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Manufacturing Issues and Processing

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2051-2054
description: Laser edge isolation is strongly influenced by the focus position with respect to the wafer surface and
the overlap of the single laser pulses. Our experimental investigations show that a focus position below the wafer
surface as well as large overlaps of the laser pulses achieve excellent laser edge isolation with RP > 10 kWcm2 for
mono crystalline Si-Solar cells. We can investigate different parameter setups with a sample structure which affords
little cell material. Our experiments also show that silicon ablation during laser edge isolation assumes to be induced
by evaporated and overheated silicon vapour above the wafer surface.
Development of Ink and Inkjet Printheads Leading to the Routine Production of 10% Efficient Crystalline Silicon on Glass Photovoltaic Minimodules
Creators: name: Partlin, S.
name: Chang, N.
name: Egan, R.
name: Young, T.
name: Kong, D.
name: Evans, R.
name: Clugston, D.
name: Lasswell, P.
name: Turner, A.
name: Dore, J.
name: Florian, T.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Thin Film Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells and Wafer Equivalents

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 3568-3572
description: CSG Solar’s device fabrication sequence involves both n-type and p-type contact patterning processes.
The placement accuracy and feature size resulting when these patterning processes are performed using an inkjet
printhead strongly influences the final performance of the photovoltaic device. CSG Solar worked with an inkjet
printhead manufacturer to develop a printhead able to deliver improved feature size and placement accuracy. CSG
Solar also undertook efforts to develop and test a new ink that would be matched to this new printhead. Using this
new ink and printhead to perform its patterning processes, CSG Solar has been able to match previously reported
efficiencies that were achieved using its original research-scale patterning approach. This paper describes the
procedure undertaken to develop, test and appraise a new inkjet ink. The improvement in photovoltaic conversion
efficiency resulting from the use of this new ink and printhead is also presented.
PT-symmetric transport in non-PT-symmetric bi-layer optical arrays
Creators: name: Ramirez-Hernandez, J.
name: Izrailev, F. M.
name: Makarov, N. M.
name: Christodoulides, D. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study transport properties of an array created by alternating $(a,b)$ layers with balanced loss/gain characterized by the key parameter $γ$. It is shown that for non-equal widths of $(a,b)$ layers, i.e., when the corresponding Hamiltonian is non-PT-symmetric, the system exhibits the scattering properties similar to those of truly PT-symmetric models provided that without loss/gain the structure presents the matched quarter stack. The inclusion of the loss/gain terms leads to an emergence of a finite number of spectral bands characterized by real values of the Bloch index. Each spectral band consists of a central region where the transmission coefficient $T_N \geq 1$, and two side regions with $T_N \leq 1$. At the borders between these regions the unidirectional reflectivity occurs. Also, the set of Fabry-Perrot resonances with $T_N=1$ are found in spite of the presence of loss/gain.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Effect of Vibration During Handling Process on Wafer Breakage
Creators: name: Saffar, S.
name: Gouttebroze, S.
name: Zhang, Z.L.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Manufacturing Issues and Processing

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2059-2062
description: An important issue in using thinner multi crystalline silicon wafers for solar cell manufacture is the
reduced yield due to higher wafer breakage rates. Wafer/cell breakage depends on the stresses produced in the
handling and transport and on the presence of structural defects such as cracks. The types of loading results in
different mechanical strength for the sample amplitude (e.g. usually static loading is less critical than vibration). One
of the important loading types which have not been focused in the literature is vibration of wafers during handling.
This paper presents a systematic approach for the analysis of the response of crystalline silicon wafers to rapid local
loading similar to gripping by a suction pad. Various load paths have been considered. The paper highlights the key
parameters to consider for this type of loading. In particular, it has been found that the rate of loading causing the
vibration during handling is very important.
Fruits of Hippophaë rhamnoides in human leukocytes and Caco-2 cell monolayer models—A question about their preventive role in lipopolysaccharide leakage and cytokine secretion in endotoxemia
Creators: name: Laskowska, Anna K.
name: Wilczak, Aleksandra
name: Skowrońska, Weronika
name: Michel, Piotr
name: Melzig, Matthias F.
name: Czerwińska, Monika E.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: epithelium
subject: gut barrier leakage
subject: low-grade inflammation
subject: metabolic endotoxemia
subject: sea buckthorn
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::615 Pharmakologie, Therapeutik

description: Preparations from Hippophaë rhamnoides L. (sea buckthorn) have been traditionally used in the treatment of skin and digestive disorders, such as gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulcers, uterine erosions, as well as oral, rectal, and vaginal mucositis, in particular in the Himalayan and Eurasian regions. An influence of an aqueous extract from the fruits of H. rhamnoides (HR) on leakage of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Escherichia coli through gut epithelium developed from the human colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) monolayer in vitro and glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) translocation were the principal objectives of the study. Additionally, the effect of HR on the production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (interleukins: IL-8, IL-1β, IL-10, IL-6; tumor necrosis factor: TNF-α) by the Caco-2 cell line, human neutrophils (PMN), and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was evaluated. The concentration of LPS on the apical and basolateral sides of the Caco-2 monolayer was evaluated with a Limulus Amebocyte Lysate (LAL) assay. GLUT2 translocation was evaluated using an immunostaining assay, whereas secretion of cytokines by cell cultures was established with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) assay. HR (500 μg/ml) significantly inhibited LPS leakage through epithelial monolayer in vitro in comparison with non-treated control. The treatment of Caco-2 cells with HR (50–100 μg/ml) showed GLUT2 expression similar to the non-treated control. HR decreased the secretion of most pro-inflammatory cytokines in all tested models. HR might prevent low-grade chronic inflammation caused by metabolic endotoxemia through the prevention of the absorption of LPS and decrease of chemotactic factors released by immune and epithelial cells, which support its use in metabolic disorders in traditional medicine.
An Industrially Feasible Processing for MWT Solar Cells
Creators: name: Chen, S.-Y.
name: Chen, B.-C.
name: Huang, C.-P.
name: Du, C.-H.
name: Lu, W.-H.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Manufacturing Issues and Processing

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2001-2003
description: The structural advantages of metal-wrap-through (MWT) solar cells over conventional solar cells
include the less surface shading and easily module packing. However, the normally printing silver paste is not
suitable for MWT solar cells. The printed silver contact not only have to prevent shunt at vias sidewall and rear
busbar, but also have to form good contact at the vias to connect front fingers and rear busbar after co-firing. This
paper presents an industrially feasible processing for MWT solar cells to achieve optimal series resistance and shunt
resistance by modifying two-step metallization without using any special via paste. First, we coating a silicon nitride
layer on the rear textured surface so that the emitter layer only formed on the front side. Therefore, it is not necessary
to isolate pn junction. After co-firing the front silver fingers and the rear aluminum metallization, laser drilling of the
vias hole was carried out without laser damage removal. It was then printing via holes and rear bus bar with normal
Ag paste which is drying at 400 . In this temperature, the conductivity measurement of vias-metallization shows
stable resistance without shunting to via wall. Shockley barrier was formed in between the metal and the
semiconductor silicon. Compare to the conventional solar cells, the efficiency gain for MWT cells is 0.26% on
200μm thick multi-crystalline silicon of 125×125 mm2 and the best efficiency is 16.65%.
VaporSPOT: Parallel Synthesis of Oligosaccharides on Membranes
Creators: name: Tsouka, Alexandra
name: Dallabernardina, Pietro
name: Mende, Marco
name: Sletten, Eric T.
name: Leichnitz, Sabrina
name: Bienert, Klaus
name: Hoang, Kim Le Mai
name: Seeberger, Peter H.
name: Loeffler, Felix F.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical structure
subject: Chemical synthesis
subject: Membranes
subject: Oligosaccharides
subject: Post-translational modification
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Automated chemical synthesis has revolutionized synthetic access to biopolymers in terms of simplicity and speed. While automated oligosaccharide synthesis has become faster and more versatile, the parallel synthesis of oligosaccharides is not yet possible. Here, a chemical vapor glycosylation strategy (VaporSPOT) is described that enables the simultaneous synthesis of oligosaccharides on a cellulose membrane solid support. Different linkers allow for flexible and straightforward cleavage, purification, and characterization of the target oligosaccharides. This method is the basis for the development of parallel automated glycan synthesis platforms.
Alignments of Radio Galaxies in Deep Radio Imaging of ELAIS N1
Creators: name: Taylor, A. R.
name: Jagannathan, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the distribution of radio jet position angles of radio galaxies over an area of 1 square degree in the ELAIS N1 field. ELAIS N1 was observed with the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope at 612 MHz to an rms noise level of 10 $μ$Jy and angular resolution of $6"\times 5"$. The image contains 65 resolved radio galaxy jets. The spatial distribution reveals a prominent alignment of jet position angles along a "filament" of about 1$^{\circ}$. We examine the possibility that the apparent alignment arises from an underlying random distribution and find that the probability of chance alignment is less than 0.1%. An angular covariance analysis of the data indicates the presence of spatially coherence in position angles on scales $>0.5^{\circ}$. This angular scales translates to a co-moving scale of $>20h^{-1}$Mpc at a redshift of 1. The implied alignment of the spin axes of massive black holes that give rise the radio jets suggest the presence of large-scale spatial coherence in angular momentum. Our results reinforce prior evidence for large-scale spatial alignments of quasar optical polarisation position angles.
description: 5pages
title: Formulaic language
title: Theories and methods
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: formulaicity
subject: linguistics
subject: Formulaic language
subject: 400 Sprache::410 Linguistik::410 Linguistik

description: The notion of formulaicity has received increasing attention in disciplines and areas as diverse as linguistics, literary studies, art theory and art history. In recent years, linguistic studies of formulaicity have been flourishing and the very notion of formulaicity has been approached from various methodological and theoretical perspectives and with various purposes in mind. The linguistic approach to formulaicity is still in a state of rapid development and the objective of the current volume is to present the current explorations in the field. Papers collected in the volume make numerous suggestions for further development of the field and they are arranged into three complementary parts. The first part, with three chapters, presents new theoretical and methodological insights as well as their practical application in the development of custom-designed software tools for identification and exploration of formulaic language in texts. Two papers in the second part explore formulaic language in the context of language learning. Finally, the third part, with three chapters, showcases descriptive research on formulaic language conducted primarily from the perspectives of corpus linguistics and translation studies. The volume will be of interest to anyone involved in the study of formulaic language either from a theoretical or a practical perspective.
Cell Performance Limitation Investigation of Polycrystalline Silicon Thin-Film Solar Cells on Glass by Transmission Electron Microscopy
Creators: name: Huang, J.
name: Wong, J.
name: Keevers, M.
name: Green, M.A.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Thin Film Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells and Wafer Equivalents

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 3565-3567
description: Thin-film polycrystalline silicon materials on glass substrate are considered a promising candidate for
low cost photovoltaics. A recent study on the electrical properties of poly-Si solar cells on glass shows that despite
their close resemblance to mono-crystalline silicon in terms of structural and optical properties, their electronic
properties are especially influenced by relatively shallow sub-gap states often associated with the strain field at
dislocations. The fact that PECVD deposition based poly-Si solar cells with relatively small grain sizes (1~2um) have
achieved a higher voltage than seed layer based cells contests the view that grain boundaries are the dominant
recombination sites. Therefore, the attention has been drawn to study the effect of intra-grain defects and how it
relates to cell performance.. In this work, the relationship between the dislocation density and cell performance has
been investigated by TEM as a further investigation of the defect properties of poly-Si thin-films on glass.
Radial solutions to the Cauchy problem for $\square_{1+3}U=0$ as limits of exterior solutions
Creators: name: Jenssen, Helge Kristian
name: Tsikkou, Charis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the strategy of realizing the solution of a Cauchy problem with radial data as a limit of radial solutions to initial-boundary value problems posed on the exterior of vanishing balls centered at the origin. The goal is to gauge the effectiveness of this approach in a simple, concrete setting: the 3-dimensional, linear wave equation $\square_{1+3}U=0$ with radial Cauchy data $U(0,x)=Φ(x)=ϕ(|x|)$, $U_t(0,x)=Ψ(x)=ψ(|x|)$. We are primarily interested in this as a model situation for other, possibly nonlinear, equations where neither formulae nor abstract existence results are available for the radial symmetric Cauchy problem. In treating the 3-d wave equation we therefore insist on robust arguments based on energy methods and strong convergence. (In particular, this work does not address what can be established via solution formulae.) Our findings for the 3-d wave equation show that while one can obtain existence of radial Cauchy solutions via exterior solutions, one should not expect such results to be optimal. The standard existence result for the linear wave equation guarantees a unique solution in $C([0,T);H^s(\mathbb{R}^3))$ whenever $(Φ,Ψ)\in H^s\times H^{s-1}(\mathbb{R}^3)$. However, within the constrained framework outlined above, we obtain strictly lower regularity for solutions obtained as limits of exterior solutions. We also show that external Neumann solutions yield better regularity than external Dirichlet solutions. Specifically, for Cauchy data in $H^2\times H^1(\mathbb{R}^3)$ we obtain $H^1$-solutions via exterior Neumann solutions, and only $L^2$-solutions via exterior Dirichlet solutions.
description: 24 pages
Esatto Technology Upgrade: Feasibility and Advantages in c-Si Solar Cell Metallization
Creators: name: Galiazzo, M.
name: Bottosso, C.
name: Cellere, G.
name: Baccini, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Manufacturing Issues and Processing

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2044-2047
description: Double Printing (DP) is a well-established process, currently run at many customer sites in production
conditions, where two grid layers one on top of the other allow to increase the cell performances and to reduce at the
same time the silver paste consumption. Esatto Technology® enables high precision printing of c-Si cells for
advanced processes such as double printing, selective emitter and back contact cells.
In this paper we analyze the results of several experiments carried out in our laboratory in order to consistently prove
the benefits of double printing with multiple commercially available pastes. In addition we explore the advantages of
double printing very fine lines (< 65m wide). Finally we quantify the effects on cell electrical performances when
machine is operating in open loop (OL) and close loop control (CLC) and we explain in which way CLC can be
extended to multiple applications such as alignment on the back side or on back contact cells.
Die Erneuerung des Kirchenrechts und die Resolution der "Canon Law Society of America" von 1965
Creators: name: Boyle, Paul J.
Publisher: name: Concilium
Year: 1970

description: Concilium, Bd. 3 Nr. 10 (1967): Concilium: Internationale Zeitschrift für Theologie, Band 3, Heft 10
Impacts of the tensor couplings of $ω$ and $ρ$ mesons and Coulomb exchange terms on super-heavy nuclei and their relation to symmetry energy
Creators: name: Liliani, N.
name: Nugraha, A. M.
name: Diningrum, J. P.
name: Sulaksono, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the effects of tensor coupling of $ω$ and $ρ$ meson terms, Coulomb exchange term in local density approximation and various isoscalar-isovector coupling terms of relativistic mean field model on the properties of nuclear matter, finite nuclei, and super-heavy nuclei. We found that for the same fixed value of symmetry energy $J$ or its slope $L$ the presence of tensor coupling of $ω$ and $ρ$ meson terms and Coulomb exchange term yields thicker neutron skin thickness of $^{208}$Pb. We also found that the roles of tensor coupling of $ω$ and $ρ$ meson terms, Coulomb exchange term in local density approximation and various isoscalar-isovector coupling terms on the bulk properties of finite nuclei varies depending on the corresponding nucleus mass. However, on average, tensor coupling terms play a significant role in predicting the bulk properties of finite nuclei in a quite wide mass range especially in binding energies. We also observed that for some particular nuclei, the corresponding experimental data of binding energies is rather less compatible with the presence of Coulomb exchange term in local density approximation and they tend to disfavor the presence of isoscalar-isovector coupling term with too high $Λ$ value. Furthermore, we have found that these terms influence the detail properties of $^{292}$120 super-heavy nucleus such as binding energies, the magnitude of two nucleon gaps, single particle spectra, neutron densities, neutron skin thicknesses and mean square charge radii. However, the shell closure predictions of $^{208}$Pb and $^{292}$120 nuclei is not affected by the presence of these terms.
description: 35 pages, 14 figures, Phys. Rev. C (accepted)
Fault propagation, detection and analysis in process systems
Creators: name: Leng, David Antony
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: Process systems are often complicated and liable to experience faults and their effects. Faults can adversely affect the safety of the plant, its environmental impact and economic operation. As such, fault diagnosis in process systems is an active area of research and development in both academia and industry. The work reported in this thesis contributes to fault diagnosis by exploring the modelling and analysis of fault propagation and detection in process systems. This is done by posing and answering three research questions. What are the necessary ingredients of a fault diagnosis model? What information should a fault diagnosis model yield? Finally, what types of model are appropriate to fault diagnosis? To answer these questions , the assumption of the research is that the behaviour of a process system arises from the causal structure of the process system. On this basis, the research presented in this thesis develops a two-level approach to fault diagnosis based on detailed process information, and modelling and analysis techniques for representing causality. In the first instance, a qualitative approach is developed called a level 1 fusion. The level 1 fusion models the detailed causality of the system using digraphs. The level 1 fusion is a causal map of the process. Such causal maps can be searched to discover and analyse fault propagation paths through the process. By directly building on the level 1 fusion, a quantitative level 2 fusion is developed which uses a type of digraph called a Bayesian network. By associating process variables with fault variables, and using conditional probability theory, it is shown how measured effects can be used to calculate and rank the probability of candidate causes. The novel contributions are the development of a systematic approach to fault diagnosis based on modelling the chemistry, physics, and architecture of the process. It is also shown how the control and instrumentation system constrains the casualty of the process. By demonstrating how digraph models can be reversed, it is shown how both cause-to-effect and effect-to-cause analysis can be carried out. In answering the three research questions, this research shows that it is feasible to gain detailed insights into fault propagation by qualitatively modelling the physical causality of the process system. It is also shown that a qualitative fault diagnosis model can be used as the basis for a quantitative fault diagnosis model
Hydrodynamic fluctuations and dissipation in an integrated dynamical model
Creators: name: Murase, Koichi
name: Hirano, Tetsufumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a new integrated dynamical model to investigate the effects of the hydrodynamic fluctuations on observables in high-energy nuclear collisions. We implement hydrodynamic fluctuations in a fully 3-D dynamical model consisting of the hydrodynamic initialization models of the Monte-Carlo Kharzeev-Levin-Nardi model, causal dissipative hydrodynamics and the subsequent hadronic cascades. By analyzing the hadron distributions obtained by massive event-by-event simulations with both of hydrodynamic fluctuations and initial-state fluctuations, we discuss the effects of hydrodynamic fluctuations on the flow harmonics, $v_n$ and their fluctuations.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, Proceedings of the XXV International Conference on Ultrarelativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter 2015)
Innovative robot hand designs of reduced complexity for dexterous manipulation
Creators: name: Lu, Qiujie
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: This thesis investigates the mechanical design of robot hands to sensibly reduce the system complexity in terms of the number of actuators and sensors, and control needs for performing grasping and in-hand manipulations of unknown objects. Human hands are known to be the most complex, versatile, dexterous manipulators in nature, from being able to operate sophisticated surgery to carry out a wide variety of daily activity tasks (e.g. preparing food, changing cloths, playing instruments, to name some). However, the understanding of why human hands can perform such fascinating tasks still eludes complete comprehension. Since at least the end of the sixteenth century, scientists and engineers have tried to match the sensory and motor functions of the human hand. As a result, many contemporary humanoid and anthropomorphic robot hands have been developed to closely replicate the appearance and dexterity of human hands, in many cases using sophisticated designs that integrate multiple sensors and actuators---which make them prone to error and difficult to operate and control, particularly under uncertainty. In recent years, several simplification approaches and solutions have been proposed to develop more effective and reliable dexterous robot hands. These techniques, which have been based on using underactuated mechanical designs, kinematic synergies, or compliant materials, to name some, have opened up new ways to integrate hardware enhancements to facilitate grasping and dexterous manipulation control and improve reliability and robustness. Following this line of thought, this thesis studies four robot hand hardware aspects for enhancing grasping and manipulation, with a particular focus on dexterous in-hand manipulation. Namely: i) the use of passive soft fingertips; ii) the use of rigid and soft active surfaces in robot fingers; iii) the use of robot hand topologies to create particular in-hand manipulation trajectories; and iv) the decoupling of grasping and in-hand manipulation by introducing a reconfigurable palm. In summary, the findings from this thesis provide important notions for understanding the significance of mechanical and hardware elements in the performance and control of human manipulation. These findings show great potential in developing robust, easily programmable, and economically viable robot hands capable of performing dexterous manipulations under uncertainty, while exhibiting a valuable subset of functions of the human hand.
Characterization of c-Si Texturization in Wet KOH/IPA and Its Effect on Cell Efficiency
Creators: name: Kashkoush, I.
name: Chen, G.
name: Nemeth, D.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Manufacturing Issues and Processing

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2020-2023
description: Wafer surface texturization has become a key process in solar cell manufacturing. This paper
presents the experiments we conducted to study the effect of wet process in controlling the texturization
parameters, e.g. dimensions and density. It is theorized that the pyramids’ sizes, density and distribution correlate
to the cell efficiency through maximizing the light absorbance. The data show that the higher the etch rate the
higher the reflectance and the less distribution of the pyramids size. The efficiency was shown not to be strongly
correlated to reflectance. However, the cell current Isc increases with smaller and uniformly-distributed pyramids.
The results also confirm the dynamics of the process and the need for more in-depth study to fully understand the
mechanism by which the texturization patterns and size could be better engineered.
Dispersion of Magnetic Fields in Molecular Clouds. IV - Analysis of Interferometry Data
Creators: name: Houde, Martin
name: Hull, Charles L. H.
name: Plambeck, Richard L.
name: Vaillancourt, John E.
name: Hildebrand, Roger H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We expand on the dispersion analysis of polarimetry maps toward applications to interferometry data. We show how the filtering of low-spatial frequencies can be accounted for within the idealized Gaussian turbulence model, initially introduced for single-dish data analysis, to recover reliable estimates for correlation lengths of magnetized turbulence, as well as magnetic field strengths (plane-of-the-sky component) using the Davis-Chandrasekhar-Fermi method. We apply our updated technique to TADPOL/CARMA data obtained on W3(OH), W3 Main, and DR21(OH). For W3(OH) our analysis yields a turbulence correlation length $δ\simeq19$ mpc, a ratio of turbulent-to-total magnetic energy $\left\langle B_{\mathrm{t}}^{2}\right\rangle /\left\langle B^{2}\right\rangle \simeq0.58$, and a magnetic field strength $B_{0}\sim1.1\:\mathrm{mG}$; for W3 Main $δ\simeq22$ mpc, $\left\langle B_{\mathrm{t}}^{2}\right\rangle /\left\langle B^{2}\right\rangle \simeq0.74$, and $B_{0}\sim0.7\:\mathrm{mG}$; while for DR21(OH) $δ\simeq12$ mpc, $\left\langle B_{\mathrm{t}}^{2}\right\rangle /\left\langle B^{2}\right\rangle \simeq0.70$, and $B_{0}\sim1.2\:\mathrm{mG}$.
description: 27 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables; accepted for ApJ
Ein einheitliches kirchliches Gesetzbuch oder eine Vielzahl? Brauchen wir ein eigenes Gesetzbuch für die orientalischen Kirchen?
Creators: name: Edelby, Neophytos
Publisher: name: Concilium
Year: 1970

description: Concilium, Bd. 3 Nr. 10 (1967): Concilium: Internationale Zeitschrift für Theologie, Band 3, Heft 10
Dopant Deposition Techniques and their Impact on Emitter Formation in High Efficiency and High Throughput In-Line Doping/Diffusion System
Creators: name: Mrcarica, M.
name: Zhao, J.
name: Halim, K.
name: Van Vugt, E.
name: Donkers, S.
name: Uhlig, F.
name: Hayn, R.
name: Vetter, E.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Manufacturing Issues and Processing

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2034-2037
description: The comparison of roll-on, ultrasonic spray and inkjet dopers with Roth & Rau in-line resistive roller
diffusion furnace was performed comparing Sheet resistance and its spatial uniformity .The impact of dopnat deposition
method on P profile formation was measured with ECV instrument. Spray-on technique was used to analyse further
impact of: dopant mixture, dopant concentration and surface pre-treatment with thin SiO2 layer. Analysis of results has
shown significant impact of presence of water in doping solution and SiO2 on emitter formation. Results were compared
against roll-on infinite source as a default setting for achieving high performing results with R&R in-line diffusion: 17.2
% and 18.5% efficency on 6” multi and mono substraetes respectively. Low dopant concentration water solutions used
with SiO2 pretreated surface has shown comparable results to infinite source doping . Finally results were compared with
ink-jet deposition of H3PO4 ink as a novel doping method. It has been proven that inkjet doping is a comparable method
for standard and light emitter formation , with good emitter uniformity due to controlled surface coverage , even with
very diluted doping inks, and with no SiO2 substrate pretreatment.
Electrical Properties of CuInSe2 Thin Films Formed by Selenization of RF Sputtered Cu-In-Se2 Precursors for Solar Cell Applications
Creators: name: Park, C.-Y.
name: Kim, J.H.
name: , S.
name: Jeong, C.
name: Lee, S.-H.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
CIS and Other (II-VI) Ternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 3411-3413
description: The samples of CuInSe2 (CIS)/Mo/Soda Lime Glass (SLG) and CIS/SLG have been prepared by selenization of RF
sputtered Cu-In precursors in order to investigate their electrical properties for solar cell applications. Samples revealed
with Cu-rich and Cu-poor composition, respectively, through energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence (EDX). Resistivity,
carrier concentration and mobility were investigated using a measurement of Hall effect at room temperature. Also, I-V
values were obtained in the temperature range from 30K to 320K and activation energy could be found by calculating
Arrhenius equations from resistance-temperature (R-T) profiles. Additionally, we tried to find the correlations of
structural properties and cross-sectional views and phase were performed using field emission scanning electron
microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. We can know that CIS/Mo/SLG sample was electrically
more activated and resulted from the effect of Mo back contact. Cu-rich composition was almost shown to a metallic
behavior whereas Cu-poor composition to a semiconducting behavior.
An Evolvable Fuzzy Logic System for handoff management in heterogeneous Wireless Networks
Creators: name: Fayyazi, Hossein
name: Sabokrou, Mohammad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: One of the features of the Next Generation Wireless Networks (NGWNs) is its heterogeneous communication environment. Heterogeneous networks are ranging from wireless WAN, LAN, MAN and PAN. The most important parameters in this regard are different data rates and coverage of these networks. In this paper, we propose an evolvable fuzzy logic-based algorithm for managing handover process in heterogeneous wireless networks. We use fuzzy logic system to determine the right time of initiating the handoff procedure and utilize Genetic Algorithm (GA) to predict the best form of rules of the fuzzy module. We implement our proposed scheme on a special simulation model and discuss about the impact of evolution on the algorithm.
Austerity policies, nutrition, and health outcomes
Creators: name: Jenkins, Rosemary
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: Introduction: Diets are key contributors to health and can be affected by the food environment and macroeconomic influences. The UK government introduced austerity policies in 2010, leading to considerable welfare reform, and national and local level reductions to public expenditure. This thesis aims to examine the impacts of UK austerity policies on food intakes, food insecurity, and nutritional anaemia hospital admissions. Methods: I undertook two systematic reviews and two quantitative studies. The systematic reviews examined 1) the impact of the Great Recession and austerity policies on food intakes and 2) the relationship between UK austerity policies and food insecurity and foodbank use. I examined the impacts of changes to local authority (LA) service spending on food purchases using fixed effects linear regression and on nutritional anaemia hospital admissions using fixed effects Poisson regression in two quantitative panel studies. Results: My systematic review found diverse impacts of the Great Recession on food intakes, and minimal research on impacts of austerity policies on food intakes. My systematic review found that UK austerity policies, particularly welfare reform, were consistently associated with increased food insecurity and foodbank use. I also found that reductions in LA service spending were associated with small, mixed impacts on fruit and vegetables; foods high in fat, salt and sugar; and takeaway purchases. Furthermore, reductions in LA service spending may have led to increased nutritional anaemia hospital admissions. I consistently found greater impacts in individuals of lower socio-economic position and more deprived areas. Conclusions: This thesis suggests that UK austerity policies have impacted food insecurity, food purchasing, and nutritional anaemia hospital admissions. Policymakers should consider a health in all policies approach coupled with reinvestment in LAs and improvement of the benefits system. Further individual-level research is needed to examine these relationships further.
Increased ION Energies for Texturing in a High-Throughput Plasma Tool
Creators: name: Piechulla, P.
name: Seiffe, J.
name: Hofmann, M.
name: Rentsch, J.
name: Preu, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Manufacturing Issues and Processing

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2024-2027
description: Plasma texturing is a promising alternative to wet chemical texturing of solar cells. Processes using
increased ion energies have previously been shown to be advantageous on single wafer tools. In this work, the
microwave plasma of an inline tool is enhanced by a radiofrequency field, which leads to a DC self bias and thus
increased ion energies. A high-throughput process suitable for monocrystalline cells has been developed and
characterized by weighted reflection and excess carrier lifetime on float zone material. Additionally, experiments on
shiny etched wafers with <111> and <100> orientation have been shown to be a promising approach to finding
parameters for etching independent of crystal orientation.