Philodoria napaliensis Kobayashi, Johns & Kawahara, sp. n.
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Shigeki
name: Johns, Chris A.
name: Kawahara, Akito Y.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Gracillariidae
Philodoria
Philodoria napaliensis

description: Philodoria napaliensis Kobayashi, Johns & Kawahara, sp. n.
Figs. 9D, 41M, N, 42L, 43L.
Philodoria sp. 4; Johns et al. 2018: fig. 2.
Type locality. Nâ Pali Trail (Kauai).
Etymology. The specific epithet, napaliensis is derived from the type locality, Nâ Pali (pronounced 'Nah-Pahlee') Coast.
Type examined. Holotype (sex unknown), Na Pali Trail, Kauai, 13& 21.vii.2015 (stored), C.A. Johns leg., host: Diospyros sandwicensis, 24.vi.2015, CJ491a (abdomen missing) in BPBM. Paratype 2♂, same locality and data as holotype, CJ482 / SK767♂, CJ491b / SK745♂ (apex of tegumen broken); deposited in BPBM. Three specimens are incomplete but they have features that are distinctive enough to allow this species description. What remains of three specimens were: holotype mounted by placing three wings without mountant under a coverslip: two full forewings slightly damaged at base and small apical region of one hindwing; two paratypes: a specimen mounted by placing four wings without mountant under a coverslip (two forewings [1/3 of left wing and 1/2 right wing] and 1/3 of two hindwing; CJ482); a specimen mounted by placing two forewings and one leg without mountant under a coverslip (almost full left wing and apical portion and basal half of right wing and one hind leg; CJ491b). The head, antenna, thorax, and legs for all specimens were sacrificed for molecular analysis.
Additional material. 2 larvae (CJ-445/AHE_44) entirely sacrificed for molecular analysis (Johns et al. 2018: fig. 2): 2 larvae, same locality and data as holotype, 26.vi.2015 (stored), CJ445, in FLMNH.
Diagnosis. Very similar to Philodoria that feed on Myrtaceae and P. lama sp. n., but differs from them in having a valva with a dorsal process with a thick inner margin (Fig. 41M, N).
Description: Adult (Fig. 9D). Forewing length 3.4–3.5 mm in holotype. Head, antenna and thorax unknown. Forewing dark shiny, pale leaden gray with brownish ocherous patches enclosing gray fascia: bp from base to dorsum 1/3, contact to basal tf; tf from costal 1/3 to dorsal 1/2, tp after the middle to apical portion, distinctly narrowing in the dorsum, extending to dorsal 2/3, containing two short, shiny, steel gray costal spots; apical portion with black as and a large jet-black terminal patch from tornus to apex, containing two upright steel-gray spots near its opposite extremities; a single bright white spot in its middle; a very narrow ocherous line along the base of tornus; cilia shining, leaden gray with a blackish fringe line; two white costal streaks, long one extend apex; terminal cilia often blackish. Hindwing coppery brown; cilia tawny. Abdomen tawny brown, white below. Legs unknown.
Male genitalia (Figs. 41M, N, 42L, 43L) (n=2). Capsule 600 µm. Tegumen 0.7–0.8 x length of valva; valva 450–460 µm long, similar to P. basalis and P. lama except inner margin of dorsal process thicken (Fig. 41M, N). Phallus 550 µm long (Fig. 43L).
Female genitalia Unknown.
Distribution. Kauai.
Host plants. Ebanaceae: D. hillebrandii (A.DC.) Fosberg and/or Diospyros sandwicensis (A.DC.) Fosberg. We could not distinguish the two Diospyros species, D. hillebrandii and the closely related D. sandwicensis. Diospyros sandwicensis is found on all of the main Hawaiian islands. It often occurs as a dominant plant in dry to moist forests and occasionally in wet forests. It grows at elevations ranging from close to sea level to 1200 m (4000ft) (Wagner 1990).
Biology. Unknown, but it is presumably similar to those of P. basalis, P. lama and P. splendida, whose larvae pupate in a “taco” like cocoon.
description: Published as part of Kobayashi, Shigeki, Johns, Chris A. & Kawahara, Akito Y., 2021, Revision of the Hawaiian endemic leaf-mining moth genus Philodoria Walsingham (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae): its conservation status, host plants and descriptions of thirteen new species, pp. 1-175 in Zootaxa 4944 (1) on pages 42-43, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4944.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4681813