cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
INFLUENCE OF HOST-PLANT PHYSICAL DEFENCES ON THE SEARCHING BEHAVIOUR AND EFFICACY OF TWO COCCINELLID PREDATORS OF THE OBSCURE MEALYBUG, PSEUDOCOCCUS VIBURNI (SIGNORET)
Creators: name: Heidari, M.
Publisher: name: Entomologica
Year: 2016

description: INFLUENCE OF HOST-PLANT PHYSICAL DEFENCES ON THE SEARCHING BEHAVIOUR AND EFFICACY OF TWO

COCCINELLID PREDATORS OF THE OBSCURE MEALYBUG, PSEUDOCOCCUS VIBURNI (SIGNORET).

Laboratory and glasshouse trials were conducted to investigate the influence of host-plant physical structure on the predation of the obscure mealybug, Pseudococcus viburni (Signoret) (Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae) by two coccinellid predators: Cryptolaemus montrouzieri (Mulsant) and Nephus reunioni Fürsch. Glasshouse trials showed that good control was achieved by C. montrouzieri irrespective of the hairiness of the plant species, but that N. reunioni was more effective on smooth leaves, such as those of Citrus, coffee and Passiflora, than on hairy plants, such as Streptocarpus and tomato, on which the density of the trichomes and their sticky exudations significantly reduced the walking speed and other searching parameters. It is concluded that the size of the predator and the type of trichomes have a marked influence on the level of mealybug control and that this could influence the choice of predators.

Key words: tomato crop, Citrus limon, Coffea arabica, Lycopersicon esculentum, Passiflora caerulea, Solanum tuberosum, Streptocarpus sp., damage, searching behaviour.
description: Entomologica, Vol 33 (1999)
THE PARASITOID COMPLEX AND POPULATION DYNAMICS OF THE PLUM SCALE, SPHAEROLECANIUM PRUNASTRI FONSCOLOMBE, IN GEORGIA
Creators: name: Japoshvili, G.O.
Publisher: name: Entomologica
Year: 2016

description: THE PARASITOID COMPLEX AND POPULATION DYNAMICS OF THE PLUM SCALE, SPHAEROLECANIUM PRUNASTRI FONSCOLOMBE, IN GEORGIA.

The plum scale, Sphaerolecanium prunastri Fonscolomb, is found infesting stone fruits all over the Europe and in most of the countries of Asia and North America. Its population dynamics and parasitoid complex in Georgia are described and the latter compared with that in other countries in southern Europe. The present rates of parasitism are compared with those of an earlier survey and it is noted that there have been some changes, both in the composition and in effectiveness of the primary and secondary parasitoids. The main primary parasitoids are still Microterys hortulanus Erdös and Discodes coccophagus (Ratzburg) but, among the secondary parasitoids, Cerapterocerus mirabilis Westwood is now the most important species. It was found that the economic importance of S. prunastri had become reduced due to a reduction in the number of secondary parasitoids and an increase in numbers of primary parasitoids.

Key words: Coccophagus lycimnia, C. proximus, C. differens, Metaphycus silvestri, Pachyneuron muscarum, Marietta picta, Tetrastichus sugonjaevi, Cheiloneurus claviger, Prunus domestica, P. spinosa, P. divaricata, P. cerifera, Chalcidoidea.
description: Entomologica, Vol 33 (1999)
Electrostatics of Salt-Dependent Reentrant Phase Behaviors Highlights Diverse Roles of ATP in Biomolecular Condensates
Creators: name: Lin, Yi-Hsuan
name: Kim, Tae Hun
name: Das, Suman
name: Pal, Tanmoy
name: Wessén, Jonas
name: Rangadurai, Atul Kaushik
name: Kay, Lewis E.
name: Forman-Kay, Julie D.
name: Chan, Hue Sun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) involving intrinsically disordered protein regions (IDRs) is a major physical mechanism for biological membraneless compartmentalization. The multifaceted electrostatic effects in these biomolecular condensates are exemplified here by experimental and theoretical investigations of the different salt- and ATP-dependent LLPSs of an IDR of messenger RNA-regulating protein Caprin1 and its phosphorylated variant pY-Caprin1, exhibiting, e.g., reentrant behaviors in some instances but not others. Experimental data are rationalized by physical modeling using analytical theory, molecular dynamics, and polymer field-theoretic simulations, indicating that interchain ion bridges enhance LLPS of polyelectrolytes such as Caprin1 and the high valency of ATP-magnesium is a significant factor for its colocalization with the condensed phases, as similar trends are observed for other IDRs. The electrostatic nature of these features complements ATP's involvement in $π$-related interactions and as an amphiphilic hydrotrope, underscoring a general role of biomolecular condensates in modulating ion concentrations and its functional ramifications.
description: 72 pages, 2 main-text tables, 9 main-text figures, 6 supplementary figures, 172 references (with clarifications and updated references added to v3). To appear in eLife as "Version of Record"
Root engineering in maize by increasing cytokinin degradation causes enhanced root growth and leaf mineral enrichment
Creators: name: Ramireddy, Eswarayya
name: Nelissen, Hilde
name: Leuendorf, Jan Erik
name: Lijsebettens, Mieke Van
name: Inzé, Dirk
name: Schmülling, Thomas
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cytokinin
subject: Cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase
subject: Maize
subject: Mineral nutrition
subject: Root system
subject: Zea mays
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)

description: The size and architecture of the root system is functionally relevant for the access to water and soil nutrients. A great number of mostly unknown genes are involved in regulating root architecture complicating targeted breeding of plants with a larger root system. Here, we have explored whether root-specific degradation of the hormone cytokinin, which is a negative regulator of root growth, can be used to genetically engineer maize (Zea mays L.) plants with a larger root system. Root-specific expression of a CYTOKININ OXIDASE/DEHYDROGENASE (CKX) gene of Arabidopsis caused the formation of up to 46% more root dry weight while shoot growth of these transgenic lines was similar as in non-transgenic control plants. The concentration of several elements, in particular of those with low soil mobility (K, P, Mo, Zn), was increased in leaves of transgenic lines. In kernels, the changes in concentration of most elements were less pronounced, but the concentrations of Cu, Mn and Zn were significantly increased in at least one of the three independent lines. Our data illustrate the potential of an increased root system as part of efforts towards achieving biofortification. Taken together, this work has shown that root-specific expression of a CKX gene can be used to engineer the root system of maize and alter shoot element composition.
Reviewer_3_v.1 – Supplemental material for Comparative measurement properties of constant work rate cycling and the endurance shuttle walking test in COPD: the TORRACTO® clinical trial
Creators: name: Maltais, François
name: O’Donnell, Denis E.
name: Hamilton, Alan
name: Yihua Zhao
name: Casaburi, Richard
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111702 Aged Health Care
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 111599 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110203 Respiratory Diseases

description: Supplemental material, Reviewer_3_v.1 for Comparative measurement properties of constant work rate cycling and the endurance shuttle walking test in COPD: the TORRACTO® clinical trial by François Maltais, Denis E. O’Donnell, Alan Hamilton, Yihua Zhao and Richard Casaburi in Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease
title: "Sja'ir Perang Mengkasar": A critical edition with notes and commentary.
Creators: name: Skinner, Cyril
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1961

description: The text presented here is that of a Malay poem, hitherto known as the "Sja'ir Speelman", whose original title, it is suggested, was the "Sja'ir Perang Mengkasar". Evidence is adduced to show that the poem, which relates the story of the war between Macassar and the Dutch East India Company, in the years 1666 to 1669, was composed by a certain "Entji'Amin", the Sultan of Gowa's secretary, whose existence as a historical personage is confirmed by contemporary Dutch records. A point of interest about one of the only two mss. or the poem that appear to have survived is that it was probably copied by Cornelia Valentijn, the wife of the scholar Francois Valentijn. In the notes, some attempt has been made to compare the sja'ir's narrative of events with the facts as recorded in contemporary sources, Dutch, Macassarese and English. The comparison reveals that the author has given a substantially accurate account of the opening stages of the war, but has probably relied on second-hand evidence for his account of the latter part of the campaign.
Can fractal dimensions objectivize gastropod shell morphometrics? A case study from Lake Lugu (SW China)
Creators: name: Wiese, Robert
name: Harrington, Kyle
name: Hartmann, Kai
name: Hethke, Manja
name: Rintelen, Thomas Von
name: Zhang, Hucai
name: Zhang, Le-Jia
name: Riedel, Frank
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 3D fractal dimensions
subject: 3D models
subject: Ancient lake
subject: DNA sequencing
subject: landmark analysis
subject: morphometrics
subject: non-marine gastropods
subject: Viviparidae
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::560 Fossilien, Paläontologie::560 Paläontologie, Paläozoologie

description: 1. Morphometrics are fundamental for the analysis of size and shape in fossils, particularly because soft parts or DNA are rarely preserved and hard parts such as shells are commonly the only source of information. Geometric morphometrics, that is, landmark analysis, is well established for the description of shape but it exhibits a couple of shortcomings resulting from subjective choices during landmarking (number and position of landmarks) and from difficulties in resolving shape at the level of micro-sculpture. 2. With the aid of high-resolution 3D scanning technology and analyses of fractal dimensions, we test whether such shortcomings of linear and landmark morphometrics can be overcome. As a model group, we selected a clade of modern viviparid gastropods from Lake Lugu, with shells that show a high degree of sculptural variation. Linear and landmark analyses were applied to the same shells in order to establish the fractal dimensions. The genetic diversity of the gastropod clade was assessed. 3. The genetic results suggest that the gastropod clade represents a single species. The results of all morphometric methods applied are in line with the genetic results, which is that no specific morphotype could be delimited. Apart from this overall agreement, landmark and fractal dimension analyses do not correspond to each other but represent data sets with different information. Generally, the fractal dimension values quantify the roughness of the shell surface, the resolution of the 3D scans determining the level. In our approach, we captured the micro-sculpture but not the first-order sculptural elements, which explains that fractal dimension and landmark data are not in phase. 4. We can show that analyzing fractal dimensions of gastropod shells opens a window to more detailed information that can be considered in evolutionary and ecological contexts. We propose that using low-resolution 3D scans may successfully substitute landmark analyses because it overcomes the subjective landmarking. Analyses of 3D scans with higher resolution than used in this study will provide surface roughness information at the mineralogical level. We suggest that fractal dimension analyses of a combination of differently resolved 3D models will significantly improve the quality of shell morphometrics.
On Cohen-Macaulay non-prime collections of cells
Creators: name: Cisto, Carmelo
name: Jahangir, Rizwan
name: Navarra, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05B50, 05E40

description: In this paper we investigate Cohen-Macaulayness, Gorensteinness and the Hilbert-Poincaré series for some classes of non-prime collections of cells. In particular, we show that all closed path polyominoes are Cohen-Macaulay and we characterize those that are Gorenstein.
description: 26 pages, 16 figures. To appear in Communications in Algebra
The Influence of the Electron Density in Acyl Protecting Groups on the Selectivity of Galactose Formation
Creators: name: Greis, Kim
name: Leichnitz, Sabrina
name: Kirschbaum, Carla
name: Chang, Chun-Wei
name: Lin, Mei-Huei
name: Meijer, Gerard
name: Helden, Gert Von
name: Seeberger, Peter H.
name: Pagel, Kevin
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cations
subject: Chemical structure
subject: Free radicals
subject: Post-translational modification
subject: Protective groups
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: The stereoselective formation of 1,2-cis-glycosidic bonds is a major bottleneck in the synthesis of carbohydrates. We here investigate how the electron density in acyl protecting groups influences the stereoselectivity by fine-tuning the efficiency of remote participation. Electron-rich C4-pivaloylated galactose building blocks show an unprecedented α-selectivity. The trifluoroacetylated counterpart with electron-withdrawing groups, on the other hand, exhibits a lower selectivity. Cryogenic infrared spectroscopy in helium nanodroplets and density functional theory calculations revealed the existence of dioxolenium-type intermediates for this reaction, which suggests that remote participation of the pivaloyl protecting group is the origin of the high α-selectivity of the pivaloylated building blocks. According to these findings, an α-selective galactose building block for glycosynthesis is developed based on rational considerations and is subsequently employed in automated glycan assembly exhibiting complete stereoselectivity. Based on the obtained selectivities in the glycosylation reactions and the results from infrared spectroscopy and density functional theory, we suggest a mechanism by which these reactions could proceed.
Value Differences between Refugees and German Citizens: Insights from a Representative Survey
Creators: name: Fuchs, Lukas M.
name: Fan, Yu
name: Scheve, Christian Von
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Value Differences
subject: Refugees
subject: German Citizens
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::300 Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie::301 Soziologie, Anthropologie

description: The political debate over the inclusion of refugees frequently revolves around cultural differences, in particular differences pertaining to values, which are suspected to hamper social integration. Sociological accounts of values in principle warrant the assumption that different values promote conflict over sensitive social issues. However, only little is known about the actual values of refugees who recently arrived in many European countries. Comparative values research suggests that immigrants from culturally distant countries increase value heterogeneity. In contrast, acculturation and assimilation theories argue that values are not static constructs, but subject to change and transformation. Using data from the IAB-BAMF-SOEP survey, a representative panel of refugees in Germany, and from the World Values Survey, the present study investigates differences in liberal democratic and gender equality values between refugees and German citizens. Results indicate that refugees from almost all countries investigated show higher levels of agreement to these values, except secularism, than Germans.
title: In search of modernity: A study of the concepts of literature, authorship and notions of self in "traditional" Malay literature.
Creators: name: Rahmat, Hadijahbte
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1996

description: The subject of modernity has become one of great concern among scholars of Malay literature and has provoked a strong and continuous debate. There are various views and schools of thought on the origins of modernity, and particularly on the different literary figures identified as the "pioneers" of a new Malay literature and the various criteria employed to define the new or "modem" Malay literature. These differences have led to different ways of and approaches to defining and interpreting Malay literary history. This study attempts to analyse the issues raised. Initially, Abdullah Munsyi is widely acknowledged as a "pioneer" of new literary developments; but this view was later been challenged by studies which put forward other literary figures as "pioneers", e.g. Hamzah Fansuri and Salleh Perang. This study attempts to go beyond the common perception of the issues. It covers seven authors: Hamzah Fansuri, Lauddin, Ahmad Rijaluddin, Fakih Saghir, Abdullah Munsyi, Raja Ali Haji and Salleh Perang. This study focuses only on those works of the authors, namely those considered the most important and representative of their writings. Generally, this study focuses on three main aspects of the texts: the concept of literature, the concept of authorship and the notion of self, expressed explicitly and implicitly. These aspects are considered important to understand the distinctive features of these texts, and to evaluate their role in and contribution to new literary developments. Criteria and theories of modernity which have been aired with reference to literature in Malay are discussed and compared with other literary traditions and experiences, such as the Western and other Asian literary experiences, in order to interpret the meaning of "the modem" in the context of various intellectual and literary traditions. This study attempts to offer a practical definition of the concept of modernity and to make further suggestions to solve the problem of understanding the complexity of the processes of modernisation of Malay literature, and to clarify some related misconceptions. Malay literature here is treated within its proper literary, cultural and historical contexts. By recognizing its unique discourse and culture, this study aims to derive at the true form and meaning of literary modernity and, more significantly, to restore its integrity.
Contrasting responses of above- and belowground diversity to multiple components of land-use intensity
Creators: name: Le Provost, Gaëtane
name: Thiele, Jan
name: Westphal, Catrin
name: Penone, Caterina
name: Allan, Eric
name: Neyret, Margot
name: Plas, Fons Van Der
name: Ayasse, Manfred
name: Sonnemann, Ilja
name: Wurst, Susanne
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biodiversity
subject: Community ecology
subject: Grassland ecology
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Land-use intensification is a major driver of biodiversity loss. However, understanding how different components of land use drive biodiversity loss requires the investigation of multiple trophic levels across spatial scales. Using data from 150 agricultural grasslands in central Europe, we assess the influence of multiple components of local- and landscape-level land use on more than 4,000 above- and belowground taxa, spanning 20 trophic groups. Plot-level land-use intensity is strongly and negatively associated with aboveground trophic groups, but positively or not associated with belowground trophic groups. Meanwhile, both above- and belowground trophic groups respond to landscape-level land use, but to different drivers: aboveground diversity of grasslands is promoted by diverse surrounding land-cover, while belowground diversity is positively related to a high permanent forest cover in the surrounding landscape. These results highlight a role of landscape-level land use in shaping belowground communities, and suggest that revised agroecosystem management strategies are needed to conserve whole-ecosystem biodiversity.
Addictive use of digital devices in young children: Associations with delay discounting, self-control and academic performance
Creators: name: Endert, Tim Schulz Van
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: addictive use
subject: digital devices
subject: young children
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: The use of smartphones, tablets and laptops/PCs has become ingrained in adults’ and increasingly in children’s lives, which has sparked a debate about the risk of addiction to digital devices. Previous research has linked specific use of digital devices (e.g. online gaming, smartphone screen time) with impulsive behavior in the context of intertemporal choice among adolescents and adults. However, not much is known about children’s addictive behavior towards digital devices and its relationship to personality factors and academic performance. This study investigated the associations between addictive use of digital devices, self-reported usage duration, delay discounting, self-control and academic success in children aged 10 to 13. Addictive use of digital devices was positively related to delay discounting, but self-control confounded the relationship between the two variables. Furthermore, self-control and self-reported usage duration but not the degree of addictive use predicted the most recent grade average. These findings indicate that children’s problematic behavior towards digital devices compares to other maladaptive behaviors (e.g. substance abuse, pathological gambling) in terms of impulsive choice and point towards the key role self-control seems to play in lowering a potential risk of digital addiction.
Full Waveform Inversion Beneath the Central Andes: Insight Into the Dehydration of the Nazca Slab and Delamination of the Back-Arc Lithosphere
Creators: name: Gao, Yajian
name: Tilmann, Frederik
name: Herwaarden, Dirk-Philip Van
name: Thrastarson, Solvi
name: Fichtner, Andreas
name: Heit, Benjamin
name: Yuan, Xiaohui
name: Schurr, Bernd
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dehydration of the Nazca plate
subject: delamination
subject: full waveform inversion
subject: partial melting
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: We present a new seismic tomography model for the crust and upper mantle beneath the Central Andes based on multi-scale full seismic waveform inversion, proceeding from long periods (40–80 s) over several steps down to 12–60 s. The spatial resolution and trade-offs among parameters are estimated through the multi-parameter point-spread functions. P- and S-wave velocity structures with spatial resolution of 30–40 km for the upper mantle and 20–25 km for the crust could be resolved in the central study region. In our study, the subducting Nazca slab is clearly imaged in the upper mantle, with dip-angle variations from the north to the south. Bands of low velocities in the crust and mantle wedge indicate intense crustal partial melting and hydration of the mantle wedge beneath the frontal volcanic arc, respectively, and they are linked to the vigorous dehydration from the subducting Nazca plate and intermediate depth seismicity within the slab. These low-velocity bands are interrupted at 19.8°–21°S, both in the crust and uppermost mantle, hinting at the lower extent of crustal partial melting and hydration of the mantle wedge. The variation of lithospheric high-velocity anomalies below the back-arc from north to south allows insight into the evolutionary foundering stages of the Central Andean margin. A high-velocity layer beneath the southern Altiplano suggests underthrusting of the leading edge of the Brazilian Shield. In contrast, a steeply westward dipping high-velocity block and low-velocity lithospheric uppermost mantle beneath the southern Puna plateau hint at the ongoing lithospheric delamination.
title: The "Genji Monogatari": A loose sequence of vague phrases?
Creators: name: McAuley, Thomas Evelyn
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1995

description: In the thesis I test the hypothesis that Late Old Japanese (LOJ) is not, as has been claimed by a number of scholars, a language that is innately "vague", but that it is capable of conveying meaning clearly. To prove this I analyse the text of the Genji Monogatari in a number of ways. I study the usage of honorifics in the text and the relationship between honorific usage and court rank. I show that honorific usage very often obviates the need for grammatical subjects and objects, and where honorifics or the context are not sufficient, the author introduces subjects to clarify the meaning of the text. Furthermore, I demonstrate that over brief sections of text, one character might be "tagged" with a particular honorific in order to identify them. Status at the Heian court was determined by court rank, and the higher a person's rank, the more honorifics had to be used. I investigate how characters could be identified when several people of similar ranks interacted. This will show that use by the author of the category of theme as well as occasional subjects serves to identify characters. I examine the applicability of the phenomenon of switch reference to LOJ, attempting to determine how far it may have enabled the ommission of grammatical subjects, and where LOJ presents problems for the canonical account of switch reference. I examine syntactic differences between narrative and quotation, and excerpts where there are differences over where quotations begin, and cases where different characters' quotations follow each other directly with no overt marking to separate them. Finally, I study personal reference, covering the link between characters' sobriquets and the type of scene in which they are appearing, and the usage of personal pronouns and demonstratives in the text.
APR2019RandR2_onlineAppendix – Supplemental material for ES Symposium: Evaluating the Recessionary Impact on Election Administration Budgeting and Spending
Creators: name: Mohr, Zachary
name: Pope, JoEllen V.
name: Shepherd, Mary Jo
name: Kropf, Martha
name: Hill, Ahmad
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 160607 International Relations
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Supplemental material, APR2019RandR2_onlineAppendix for ES Symposium: Evaluating the Recessionary Impact on Election Administration Budgeting and Spending by Zachary Mohr, JoEllen V. Pope, Mary Jo Shepherd, Martha Kropf and Ahmad Hill in American Politics Research
Online_Supplement – Supplemental material for Predictive Validity of Pretrial Risk Assessments: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Creators: name: Desmarais, Sarah L.
name: Zottola, Samantha A.
name: Clarke, Sarah E. Duhart
name: Lowder, Evan M.
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 160299 Criminology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Law
subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Supplemental material, Online_Supplement for Predictive Validity of Pretrial Risk Assessments: A Systematic Review of the Literature by Sarah L. Desmarais, Samantha A. Zottola, Sarah E. Duhart Clarke and Evan M. Lowder in Criminal Justice and Behavior
Environmental Issues Are Health Issues
Creators: name: Inauen, Jennifer
name: Contzen, Nadja
name: Frick, Vivan
name: Kadel, Philipp
name: Keller, Jan
name: Kollmann, Josianne
name: Mata, Jutta
name: Valkengoed, Anne M. Van
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: environmental health
subject: science of behavior change
subject: health psychology
subject: environmental psychology
subject: intervention
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: Increasing demands on ecosystems, decreasing biodiversity, and climate change are among the most pressing environmental issues of our time. As changing weather conditions are leading to increased vector-borne diseases and heat- and flood-related deaths, it is entering collective consciousness: environmental issues are human health issues. In public health, the field addressing these issues is known as environmental health. This field addresses both the effects people have on their environment as well as the effects of the environment on people. Psychology, as a discipline concerned with explaining, predicting, and changing behavior has much to contribute to these issues because human behavior is key in promoting environmental health. To date, however, an integrative view of environmental health in psychology is lacking, hampering urgently needed progress. In this paper, we review how the environment and human health are intertwined, and that much can be gained through a systemic view of environmental health in psychology. Based on a review of the literature, we suggest that psychologists unite efforts to promote an integrative science and practice of environmental health psychology, and jointly address environmental-health related behavior. The research agenda for this field will include integrating behavior change theory and intervention approaches. Thereby, psychology can potentially make an important contribution to sustained environmental health for generations to come.
title: Contested land: Land and tenancy disputes in Gedeo, southern Ethiopia (1941-1974).
Creators: name: Tesfaye-Aragaw, Berhanu
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 2009

description: This dissertation investigates land and tenancy disputes in Gedeo, southern Ethiopia, between 1941 and 1974. Such disputes were a deeply entrenched feature of Ethiopian land tenure systems until the revolution, and despite its importance the subject has not received the attention it deserves. Based on local court archival documents and oral interviews, the dissertation seeks to understand how these conflicts shaped agrarian relationships in Gedeo during this crucial period. The study highlights how differential access to resources created disharmony within Gedeo. It not only contributed to the proliferation of disputes but also eroded community cohesion, one of the consequences of which was that when Ethiopia was invaded by Italy in 1935 it was too divided and weak to defend itself effectively from external aggression. The post-liberation period was a formative time in the history of Gedeo. During this time the gabbar system was gradually replaced by landlord-tenant relationships. There was significant economic development largely due to the increasing importance of the coffee trade, but also land and tenancy disputes became a dominant feature of this period. Although land disputes were common in many other parts of Ethiopia, tenancy disputes in the south are described in the existing literature as distinctive from those in northern Ethiopia. The existing works mainly discuss tenancy relationships in the south from an ethnic perspective. This factor might have exacerbated the rivalries; however, it was not the main factor. This dissertation argues that competition for available resources was at the heart of the problem. The increased polarisation of landlord-tenant conflict continued to damage agrarian relationships. The inability of the government to deal with the problem made the situation worse and as a result tenants were obliged to find alternative ways to express their grievances. In February 1960 when the Michele uprising erupted the government rushed to intervene with the heavy use of security forces. Nevertheless the tenancy problem did not show sign of improvement until it was resolved finally and fundamentally by revolutionary means in 1974.
Computational Treatment Simulations to Assess the Need for Personalized Tamoxifen Dosing in Breast Cancer Patients of Different Biogeographical Groups
Creators: name: Mueller-Schoell, Anna
name: Michelet, Robin
name: Klopp-Schulze, Lena
name: Dyk, Madelé Van
name: Mürdter, Thomas E.
name: Schwab, Matthias
name: Joerger, Markus
name: Huisinga, Wilhelm
name: Mikus, Gerd
name: Kloft, Charlotte
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: tamoxifen
subject: breast cancer
subject: CYP2D6
subject: polymorphism
subject: genotype
subject: individualized dosing
subject: personalized dosing
subject: model-informed precision dosing
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::616 Krankheiten
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::615 Pharmakologie, Therapeutik

description: Tamoxifen is used worldwide to treat estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. It is extensively metabolized, and minimum steady-state concentrations of its metabolite endoxifen (CSS,min ENDX) >5.97 ng/mL have been associated with favorable outcome. Endoxifen formation is mediated by the enzyme CYP2D6, and impaired CYP2D6 function has been associated with lower CSS,min ENDX. In the Women’s Healthy Eating and Living (WHEL) study proposing the target concentration, 20% of patients showed subtarget CSS,min ENDX at tamoxifen standard dosing. CYP2D6 allele frequencies vary largely between populations, and as 87% of the patients in the WHEL study were White, little is known about the risk for subtarget CSS,min ENDX in other populations. Applying pharmacokinetic simulations, this study investigated the risk for subtarget CSS,min ENDX at tamoxifen standard dosing and the need for dose individualization in nine different biogeographical groups with distinct CYP2D6 allele frequencies. The high variability in CYP2D6 allele frequencies amongst the biogeographical groups resulted in an up to three-fold difference in the percentages of patients with subtarget CSS,min ENDX. Based on their CYP2D6 allele frequencies, East Asian breast cancer patients were identified as the population for which personalized, model-informed precision dosing would be most beneficial (28% of patients with subtarget CSS,min ENDX).
title: Teaching and learning in the madrasas of Istanbul during the late Ottoman period.
Creators: name: Erbay, Halil I.
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 2009

description: This dissertation deals with madrasa education in Istanbul during the late Ottoman period. It mainly focuses on the period between 1839 when the Tanzimat was promulgated and 1908 when the Young Turk Revolution took place. The subject has usually been neglected by the existing literature and treated within the general assumptions relying on dichotomous and simplistic analyses. This study aims to demonstrate that the history of Istanbul madrasas is more complex than the existing literature has suggested, primarily using the archival documents from the Prime Ministerial Ottoman Archives (Basbakanlik Osmanli Arsivleri) as well as the Seyhulislamate Archives (Mesihat Arsivi) in Istanbul, memoirs and biographical works. The subject has been dealt with in two main parts. Each part is composed of two chapters. In the first part, madrasa teachers are the focal point of analysis. The first chapter examines the professional, institutional and intellectual aspects of madrasa teachers. In the second chapter, the social, cultural and educational composition of Istanbul dersiams has been explored statistically through the information extracted from their personnel files. The third chapter attempts to draw a comprehensive picture of madrasa students in the period in Istanbul. Taking into account their educational activities as well as career patterns in nonreligious fields, it is also aimed to demonstrate their responses/reactions to shifting circumstances that occurred as a result of the reforms and some other factors such as international relations in the period. The last chapter mainly concentrates on the state perception of madrasa education and thus the relationship between the rise of modem state apparatus and madrasa education chiefly through disciplinary cases and imperial integration policies.
title: Social imperialism and how it was applied in the Bombay Presidency, 1895-1925.
Creators: name: Aspengren, Henrik C.
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 2010

description: This thesis traces how British imperialism, as an ideology of empire, developed a social dimension by the turn of the twentieth century. Drawing on archival sources, the thesis explores what motivated British social imperialism, how knowledge and political thought operated within it, and how it translated into local colonial policy in the Bombay Presidency, British India, between 1895-1925. The study uses Michel Foucault's concept of bio-politics to engage the ways in which emerging social liberalism, and British sociology, enabled the conceptualisation and politicisation of a distinct social domain, and helped putting 'the social' into British imperialism. Sociology and social liberalism defined the social in vague terms. Yet, I will show, it was seen as key to stability and progress. It was perceived by contemporaries as contingent of, but not determined by, industrial capitalism and the emergence of modem industrial society. Liberalism, the thesis points out, had always been closely related to British imperialism in general, and the British administration of India in particular. The introduction of a social element in liberalism did not end that relationship; rather, it enabled a shift in preferred domain of intervention from the moral to the social. I outline what constituted social liberalism and how it influenced imperial thought. Sociology, in turn, delineated the social domain and made it known. I revisit turn of the twentieth-century debates within British sociology and trace how these debates informed the official introduction of sociological research into colonial India. The study examines various angles of how social imperialism translated into the Presidency. It shows how administrators began to frame interventions through social-political language, and how they utilised sociological methodology and research. It analyses actual social interventions of sanitation, education, and housing. 1 suggest that social interventions, evoked in the name of stability and progress, formed as measures to draw on and channel movements and tendencies within colonial society, while simultaneously promoting the state as vehicle for reform. Social interventions widened the scope of colonial state action, and so limited society and market based approaches to conditions of life.
Optical and electronic properties of symmetric InAs/InGaAlAs/InP quantum dots formed by a ripening process in molecular beam epitaxy: a promising system for broad-range single-photon telecom emitters
Creators: name: Holewa, Paweł
name: Gawełczyk, Michał
name: Maryński, Aleksander
name: Wyborski, Paweł
name: Reithmaier, Johann Peter
name: Sęk, Grzegorz
name: Benyoucef, Mohamed
name: Syperek, Marcin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed experimental optical study supported by theoretical modeling of InAs quantum dots (QDs) embedded in an InAlGaAs barrier lattice-matched to InP(001) grown with the use of a ripening step in molecular beam epitaxy. The method leads to the growth of in-plane symmetric QDs of low surface density, characterized by a multimodal size distribution resulting in a spectrally broad emission in the range of $1.4-2.0$ $μ$m, essential for many near-infrared photonic applications. We find that, in contrast to the InAs/InP system, the multimodal distribution results here from a two-monolayer difference in QD height between consecutive families of dots. This may stem from the long-range ordering in the quaternary barrier alloy that stabilizes QD nucleation. Measuring the photoluminescence (PL) lifetime of the spectrally broad emission, we find a nearly dispersionless value of $1.3\pm0.3$ ns. Finally, we examine the temperature dependence of emission characteristics. We underline the impact of localized states in the wetting layer playing the role of carrier reservoir during thermal carrier redistribution. We determine the hole escape to the InAlGaAs barrier to be a primary PL quenching mechanism in these QDs.
sj-pdf-1-pie-10.1177_0954408920931688 - Supplemental material for An experimental study & analysis of effects of different parameters of microwave in production of bio-diesel
Creators: name: Garg, Naveen Kumar
name: Pal, Amit
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 99999 Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: 91299 Materials Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Materials engineering

description: Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-pie-10.1177_0954408920931688 for An experimental study & analysis of effects of different parameters of microwave in production of bio-diesel by Naveen Kumar Garg and Amit Pal in Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering
title: Tahmid: A literary genre? A study of the Arabic laudatory preamble with a focus on the Fatimid-Tayyibi tradition.
Creators: name: Qutbuddin, Aziz K.
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 2009

description: This thesis follows the emergence and development of Tahmid, the Arabic laudatory preamble, as a literary genre in the Arabic tradition: a genre that imaginatively presents the distinct worldview (weltanschauung) that its author embraces and a genre that not only features as a standard introduction for an infinite number of texts, but is also, in and of itself, a rich source of meaning. The dissertation proposes a literary approach for unearthing its depths of knowledge, termed the 'relational approach'. This approach identifies and focuses on the various relations and associations, highlighted and evoked by a Tahmid despite its usual conciseness, which are the source of its vitality. Drawing upon a broad range of samples, the study also delineates the common characteristics and trends of the Tahmid tradition as a whole, and focuses on its distinctiveness and significance in Fatimid-Tayyibi literature ('Fatimid-Tayyibi' refers to Ismili Musta'lian Tayyibi Shiites in Fatimid Egypt as well as their spiritual successors in Yemen and India, commonly known as the Da'udi Bohras). Following the introduction, the thesis is structured on a chronological basis in three parts. Section-I (chapters 1-3) traces the development of Tahmid from its origins to maturity as a distinct genre in Arabic prose. Section-II (chapter-4), building on the literary-history presented in the previous section, presents a methodology for the analysis of Tahmid and applies it to a selection of examples. Section-III (chapters 5-7) focuses on the unique characteristics of Fatimid-Tayyibi Tahmids and presents an analysis of a number of examples. The section ends with a case-study of a Tahmid in one of the Fatimid-Tayyibi Da'i Syedna Taher Saifuddin's (d. 1385/1965) risalahs. The question posited in the title of this thesis, 'is the Tahmid a literary genre?' is answered in the Conclusion. An appendix of Tahmids referred to in the thesis and illustrative samples, especially from the Fatimid-Tayyibi manuscripts, accompanies the dissertation in a separate volume.
title: Words fall apart : The politics of form in 1930s Japanese fiction.
Creators: name: Hayter, Irena E.
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 2008

description: This thesis presents an analysis of Japanese modernist texts from the 1930s, with an emphasis on the writings of Takami Jun (1907-1965), Ishikawa Jun (1899-1987) and Dazai Osamu (1909-1948). Rather than discuss these experiments within the problematic of influence and see them as secondary gestures imitating the techniques of Gide or Joyce, I attempt to show that Japanese modernist fiction is deeply implicated in its cultural, political and technological moment. 1 begin with a mapping of the historical and discursive forces behind the so-called cultural revival (bungei fukko) and the revolt against the epistemic regime of Westernized modernity: its soulless positivism, its logic of instrumentality which objectified nature and the historical teleologies which inevitably relegated Japan to a secondary place. I examine the works of Takami, Ishikawa and Dazai in this context, against close-ups of specific material and discursive developments. The transgressions and dislocations of linear narrative in Takami Jun's novel Should Auld Acquaintance Be Forgot (Kokyu wasureu beki, 1936) are read as radical deconstructions of the deeply ideological discourse of tenko (the official term for the political conversion of leftists) as a regeneration of the self, as the return to a natural organic Japaneseness. The narrative of Ishikawa Jun's Fugen (Fugen, 1936) is structured by dualistic tropes which can be seen as configurations of mediation and unity; I explore the meaning of these narrative strategies against the collapse of political mediation in the mid-1930s and the swell of fascist longings for oneness with the emperor. The marked reflexivity of the stories in Dazai Osamu's first published collection The Final Years (Bannen, 1936) is discussed in the context of the profound anxieties generated by the accelerated logic of cultural reproduction and the technologically altered texture of experience. I argue that in their shared emphasis on discursive mediation and the materiality of language, the texts of Takami, Ishikawa and Dazai become figures of resistance to a nativism which strove for immediate authenticity and abandoned representation for the metaphysics of timeless Japaneseness.
title: Text, context and performance: The lay institutions of Gagauz Orthodoxy.
Creators: name: Kapalo, James A.
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 2008

description: The Gagauz are a minority living in the southern reaches of the Republic of Moldova. While adhering to the majority religion of Orthodox Christianity, their mother-tongue is a variety of Turkish, a fact that in conjunction with their cultural heritage has shaped their religious identity and transformed their religious practices. The aim of this thesis is to explore Gagauz religion from the perspective of lay religious practice. In doing so I take up the ongoing debate on 'folk' or 'popular' religion and aim to demonstrate how, in the case of the Gagauz, the academic category of 'folk religion' and the field of 'folk' religious practice are instrumental in the construction of Gagauz religious identity. This is explored on two levels. Firstly, on the level of the national political, clerical and academic discourse on the origins, ethno-genesis and religion of the Gagauz, and secondly, on the level of practice, examining how Church perspectives and lay agency operate at the micro-level during actual episodes of religious practice. The starting point of this research project is the 'texts' of Gagauz religion. Firstly, the way in which the 'texts' on Gagauz religion generated by scholarly, ecclesial and national political discourse instrumentalise religious identities in the construction of Gagauz national identity is discussed. This is followed by an exploration of how the 'primary texts' of Gagauz religious practice used in worship, healing and prayer shape religious consciousness on the ground. Both sets of 'texts' are explored within the wider social, historical and political contexts that underpin and define them. Finally, the role of 'performance' of the 'texts' in the creation, institutionalisation, and transmission of lay religious practice is considered. Each of these dimensions of text, context and performance highlight the role of language in the contested field of practice of 'folk religion' situated between the lay and 'official' institutions of Gagauz Orthodoxy.