cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Colloidal Synthesis of Strongly Fluorescent CsPbBr3 Nanowires with Width Tunable down to the Quantum Confinement Regime
Creators: name: Imran, Muhammad
name: Di Stasio, Francesco
name: Dang, Zhiya
name: Canale, Claudio
name: Khan, Ali Hossain
name: Shamsi, Javad
name: Brescia, Rosaria
name: Prato, Mirko
name: Manna, Liberato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the colloidal synthesis of strongly fluorescent CsPbBr3 perovskite nanowires (NWs) with rectangular section and with tuneable width, from 20 nm (exhibiting no quantum confinement, hence emitting in the green) down to around 3 nm (in the strong quan-tum-confinement regime, emitting in the blue), by introducing in the synthesis a short acid (octanoic acid or hexanoic acid) together with alkyl amines (octylamine and oleylamine). Temperatures below 70 °C promoted the formation of monodisperse, few unit cell thick NWs that were free from byproducts. The photoluminescence quantum yield of the NW samples went from 12% for non-confined NWs emitting at 524 nm to a maximum of 77% for the 5 nm diameter NWs emitting at 497 nm, down to 30% for the thinnest NWs (diameter ~ 3nm), in the latter sample most likely due to aggregation occurring in solution.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
A Feasible Human-like Multidimensional Driving Behavior Framework Design for Autonomous Vehicles
Creators: name: OH, TAEHO
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Models and simulations of design
Modelling and simulation

description: Artificial intelligence (AI) technology is being used to drive vehicles autonomously, which helps to enhance driving safety by eliminating human error. However, the AI driver might make unreasonable decisions, which reduces its trustworthiness to humans because driving is a complex problem based on nonverbal communication among drivers. To elevate driving trustworthiness, understanding human characteristics using a multiagent driving simulator and modeling them using AI algorithms are key components. This dissertation aims to design a feasible human-like driving behavior framework to minimize the inconvenience of driving. This dissertation will contribute to the development of human-like driving behavior for autonomous vehicles.
Generative learning for the problem of critical slowing down in lattice Gross Neveu model
Creators: name: Singha, Ankur
name: Chakrabarti, Dipankar
name: Arora, Vipul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In lattice field theory, Monte Carlo simulation algorithms get highly affected by critical slowing down in the critical region, where autocorrelation time increases rapidly. Hence the cost of generation of lattice configurations near the critical region increases sharply. In this paper, we use a Conditional Generative Adversarial Network (C-GAN) for sampling lattice configurations. We train the C-GAN on the dataset consisting of Hybrid Monte Carlo (HMC) samples in regions away from the critical region, i.e., in the regions where the HMC simulation cost is not so high. Then we use the trained C-GAN model to generate independent samples in the critical region. Thus, the overall computational cost is reduced. We test our approach for Gross-Neveu model in 1+1 dimension. We find that the observable distributions obtained from the proposed C-GAN model match with those obtained from HMC simulations, while circumventing the problem of critical slowing down.
description: minor corrections, version published in the journal
Application of combined AWBM/URBS catchment model for flood forecasting purposes
Creators: name: Baker, Alan .
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Stereochemical configuration and selective excitation of the chiral molecule halothane
Creators: name: Pitzer, Martin
name: Kastirke, Gregor
name: Burzynski, Phillip
name: Weller, Miriam
name: Metz, Daniel
name: Neff, Jonathan
name: Waitz, Markus
name: Trinter, Florian
name: Schmidt, Lothar Ph. H.
name: Williams, Joshua B.
name: Jahnke, Till
name: Schmidt-Böcking, Horst
name: Berger, Robert
name: Dörner, Reinhard
name: Schöffler, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: X-ray single-photon ionization and fragmentation of the chiral molecule halothane (CHBrClCF${}_{3}$) from a racemic mixture have been investigated using the COLTRIMS (Cold Target Recoil Ion Momentum Spectroscopy) technique. Two important facets related to the core ionization of this species are examined: Firstly, the distinction of enantiomers (mirror isomers) and the determination of absolute configuration on a single-molecule level by four-body Coulomb explosion; secondly, the interplay of site-selective excitation and fragmentation patterns. These results are easily transferrable to other molecular species and show the wealth of features
Exploring Civic Boundary Changes: A Detailed Discussion of the Local Geohistory Project
Creators: name: Connelly, Mark A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: gis
boundaries
geohistory
municipal incorporation

description: Understanding how civic boundaries have changed over time is vital for GIS professionals maintaining current boundary layers, and for demographers, economists, genealogists, and historians interpreting historical records. Between Pennsylvania's 67 counties, 2,560 municipalities, and 500 school districts, locating accurate information about these changes can be difficult even when records are well organized and easily accessible. This talk will explain the most common methods used to change civic boundaries in the past, and where documentation can be found in local, state, and federal repositories. How the Local Geohistory Project has endeavored to create and disseminate a free geographic index of civic boundary changes, which remains a work in progress, will also be explored.
description: Exception to the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike 4.0 International license: the icons on Slides 10, 26, and 33 and are subject to the Iconfinder Basic License (https://support.iconfinder.com/en/articles/18231-license-basic).
Learning Enhancement in Higher Education with Wearable Technology
Creators: name: Khosravi, Sara
name: Bailey, Stuart G.
name: Parvizi, Hadi
name: Ghannam, Rami
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Wearable technologies have traditionally been used to measure and monitor vital human signs for well-being and healthcare applications. However, there is a growing interest in using and deploying these technologies to facilitate teaching and learning, particularly in a higher education environment. The aim of this paper is therefore to systematically review the range of wearable devices that have been used for enhancing the teaching and delivery of engineering curricula in higher education. Moreover, we compare the advantages and disadvantages of these devices according to the location in which they are worn on the human body. According to our survey, wearable devices for enhanced learning have mainly been worn on the head (e.g. eyeglasses), wrist (e.g. watches) and chest (e.g. electrocardiogram patch). In fact, among those locations, head-worn devices enable better student engagement with the learning materials, improved student attention as well as higher spatial and visual awareness. We identify the research questions and discuss the research inclusion and exclusion criteria to present the challenges faced by researchers in implementing learning technologies for enhanced engineering education. Furthermore, we provide recommendations on using wearable devices to improve the teaching and learning of engineering courses in higher education.
Exploring Deep Space: Learning Personalized Ranking in a Semantic Space
Creators: name: Vuurens, Jeroen B. P.
name: Larson, Martha
name: de Vries, Arjen P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recommender systems leverage both content and user interactions to generate recommendations that fit users' preferences. The recent surge of interest in deep learning presents new opportunities for exploiting these two sources of information. To recommend items we propose to first learn a user-independent high-dimensional semantic space in which items are positioned according to their substitutability, and then learn a user-specific transformation function to transform this space into a ranking according to the user's past preferences. An advantage of the proposed architecture is that it can be used to effectively recommend items using either content that describes the items or user-item ratings. We show that this approach significantly outperforms state-of-the-art recommender systems on the MovieLens 1M dataset.
description: 6 pages, RecSys 2016 RSDL workshop
Sich verändernde Konsummuster sowie neuartige psychotrope Substanzen stellen die Schadensminderung bei Substanzabhängigkeiten vor neue Herausforderungen: Eröffnung neuer Handlungsfelder für Professionelle der Sozialen Arbeit
Creators: name: Bachofner, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Unter dem Titel « Sich verändernde Konsummuster sowie neuartige psychotrope Substanzen stellen die Schadensminderung bei Substanzabhängigkeiten vor neue Herausforderungen: Eröffnung neuer Handlungsfelder für Professionelle der Sozialen Arbeit » befasst sich Benjamin Bachofner in seiner Bachelor-Arbeit anhand einer Literaturrecherche mit folgender Fragestellung: Welchen Beitrag kann die Soziale Arbeit zukünftig im sich stetig verändernden Feld der Schadensminderung betreffend Abhängigkeiten von illegalen psychoaktiven Substanzen leisten?  Schadensminderung umfasst im Kontext eines risikoreichen Konsums von psychoaktiven Substanzen Konzepte und Massnahmen zur Reduzierung von gesundheitlichen, sozialen und rechtlichen Risiken für das Individuum und die Gesellschaft. Der akzeptanzorientierte und niederschwellige Ansatz ist vielversprechend. Er geht auf die offenen Drogenszenen der 1990er Jahren zurück. Gesellschaftliche Entwicklungen, veränderte Konsummuster und -motive sowie neue Substanzen erfordern neue schadensmindernde Lösungen. Im Vordergrund stehen adäquate Angebote im Bereich des Drug-Checkings, integrierter Kontakt- und Anlaufstellen, sowie die Anpassung bewährter bestehender Angebote an neue Entwicklungen. Professionelle der Sozialen Arbeit (SA) gelten im interdisziplinären Feld der Suchthilfe als Spezialist:innen für die Bearbeitung der sozialen Dimension und die Erreichung schwer zugänglicher, oft heterogenen Zielgruppen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die SA mit ihren spezifischen Kompetenzen und Vorgehensweisen prädestiniert ist, in der Schweiz bei der Weiterentwicklung und Anwendung schadensmindernde Angebote eine zentrale Rolle zu spielen.
description: + Code Diss LU: hslusa basp + Fussnote: Bachelor-Arbeit, Hochschule Luzern – Soziale Arbeit, Studienrichtung Sozialpädagogik, 2023 + NL-Code: NLLUHSA202309
Fabrication and characterization of electrospun polyurea nanocomposite films and vacuum-assisted carbon fibre/polyurea composites
Creators: name: AUCKLOO, SHEIK AMBARINE BANON
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Additive manufacturing
Polymers and plastics
Structure and dynamics of materials
Composite and hybrid materials

description: The production of polyurea, an industrial polymer, is limited by the overwhelming cost and technical intricacies. This thesis explores two new ways adapted for polyurea fabrication. Electrospinning was tailored to produce transparent, flexible thin films for anti-corrosive coating applications. On the other hand, vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding was employed to produce polyurea/carbon fibre composites with potential applications in aerospace or marine industries. These two methods achieved successful films and composites with high strength and flexibility. The findings of this study manifested inexpensive and simple fabrication techniques with high durability that can revolutionize the polyurea industry.
Material Culture of a rural Mozarabic community of the early Islamic period in the south of Al-Andalus. The village and ceramics of Tózar (Granada)
Creators: name: Martínez Álvarez, Cristina
name: Mattei, Luca
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The ceramic studies seem to indicate that Tózar is a characteristic rural settlement from Early Medieval period that participated in the main commercial networks of the Andalusian territory. It was supplied by local pottery workshops —related to the ceramics found in the Kūra's capital, Madīnat Ilbīra— like other similar settlements in the surrounding. However, as shown by the high-value ceramics found, it was provided also by workshops located in Córdoba, Málaga or Pechina. Another of its peculiarities is the presence of a necropolis associated with the settlement. This leaves no doubt as to the cultural identity of its inhabitants, as the only funerary ritual identified so far is Christian. Judging by the archaeological remains, Tózar is a rural Christian community whose materiality is typically Islamic. This is unique but by no means extraordinary in the whole of al-Andalus or in the province of Granada.
Continuous learning of spiking networks trained with local rules
Creators: name: Antonov, Dmitry
name: Sviatov, Kirill
name: Sukhov, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Artificial neural networks (ANNs) experience catastrophic forgetting (CF) during sequential learning. In contrast, the brain can learn continuously without any signs of catastrophic forgetting. Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are the next generation of ANNs with many features borrowed from biological neural networks. Thus, SNNs potentially promise better resilience to CF. In this paper, we study the susceptibility of SNNs to CF and test several biologically inspired methods for mitigating catastrophic forgetting. SNNs are trained with biologically plausible local training rules based on spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP). Local training prohibits the direct use of CF prevention methods based on gradients of a global loss function. We developed and tested the method to determine the importance of synapses (weights) based on stochastic Langevin dynamics without the need for the gradients. Several other methods of catastrophic forgetting prevention adapted from analog neural networks were tested as well. The experiments were performed on freely available datasets in the SpykeTorch environment.
description: 25 pages
Metric-Affine Vector-Tensor Correspondence and Implications in $F(R,T,Q,\mathcal{T},\mathcal{D})$ gravity
Creators: name: Iosifidis, Damianos
name: Myrzakulov, Ratbay
name: Ravera, Lucrezia
name: Yergaliyeva, Gulmira
name: Yerzhanov, Koblandy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the results of antecedent literature on quadratic Metric-Affine Gravity by studying a new quadratic gravity action in vacuum which, besides the usual (non-Riemannian) Einstein-Hilbert contribution, involves all the parity even quadratic terms in torsion and non-metricity plus a Lagrangian that is quadratic in the field-strengths of the torsion and non-metricity vector traces. The theory result to be equivalent, on-shell, to a Vector-Tensor theory. We also discuss the sub-cases in which the contribution to the Lagrangian quadratic in the field-strengths of the torsion and non-metricity vectors just exhibits one of the aforementioned quadratic terms. We then report on implications of our findings in the context of $F(R,T,Q,\mathcal{T},\mathcal{D})$ gravity.
description: 28 pages
Fast computation method for comprehensive agent-level epidemic dissemination in networks
Creators: name: Nakamura, Gilberto M.
name: Monteiro, Ana Carolina P.
name: Cardoso, George C.
name: Martinez, Alexandre S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two simple agent based models are often employed in epidemic studies: the susceptible-infected (SI) and the susceptible-infected-susceptible (SIS). Both models describe the time evolution of infectious diseases in networks in which vertices are either susceptible (S) or infected (I) agents. Predicting the effects of disease spreading is one of the major goals in epidemic studies, but often restricted to numerical simulations. Analytical methods using operatorial content are subjected to the asymmetric eigenvalue problem, restraining the usability of standard perturbative techniques, whereas numerical methods are limited to small populations since the vector space increases exponentially with population size $N$. Here, we propose the use of the squared norm of probability vector, $\vert P(t)\vert ^2$, to obtain an algebraic equation which allows the evaluation of stationary states, in time independent Markov processes. The equation requires eigenvalues of symmetrized time generators, which take full advantage of system symmetries, reducing the problem to an $O(N)$ sparse matrix diagonalization. Standard perturbative methods are introduced, creating precise tools to evaluate the effects of health policies.
description: 21 pages, 15 figures
Tight bounds on the convergence of noisy random circuits to the uniform distribution
Creators: name: Deshpande, Abhinav
name: Niroula, Pradeep
name: Shtanko, Oles
name: Gorshkov, Alexey V.
name: Fefferman, Bill
name: Gullans, Michael J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the properties of output distributions of noisy, random circuits. We obtain upper and lower bounds on the expected distance of the output distribution from the "useless" uniform distribution. These bounds are tight with respect to the dependence on circuit depth. Our proof techniques also allow us to make statements about the presence or absence of anticoncentration for both noisy and noiseless circuits. We uncover a number of interesting consequences for hardness proofs of sampling schemes that aim to show a quantum computational advantage over classical computation. Specifically, we discuss recent barrier results for depth-agnostic and/or noise-agnostic proof techniques. We show that in certain depth regimes, noise-agnostic proof techniques might still work in order to prove an often-conjectured claim in the literature on quantum computational advantage, contrary to what was thought prior to this work.
description: 21 pages, 1 figure; v2: 19 pages, 1 figure; v3: 23 pages, 1 figure
Influence of macrophytes on sediment deposition and flow pattern within a stormwater pollution control wetland
Creators: name: Lloyd, Sara .
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Characterisation and In-Orbit Demonstration of a Heterodyne Spectrometer for Atmospheric Research from Small Satellites
Creators: name: Wroblowski, Oliver
Publisher: name: Bergische Universität Wuppertal
Year: 2023

description: This work presents the development of a new limb-sounder for temperature explorationof the upper atmosphere, the Atmospheric Limb Interferometer for TemperatureExploration (AtmoLITE). It is a miniaturized satellite instrument based aroundthe technique of spatial heterodyne spectrometers. This class of spectrometers iswell suited for miniaturization which allowed to design AtmoLITE within the formfactor of a 6U CubeSat. The observable of AtmoLITE is the rotational spectraldistribution of the day- and night-time oxygen atmospheric band emission, whichis particularly suited for temperature exploration from the lower most mesospheretowards the ionosphere. In addition, this work proposes a novel calibration conceptsuited to accurately characterise the AtmoLITE spectrometers spectral response.Major milestones achieved in this work were (1) the development of the opticalsystem of AtmoLITE, (2) design of an appropriate calibration light stimulus, (3)experimental verification of AtmoLITE in-front of the calibration source, and (4) afirst estimate of expected AtmoLITE temperature retrieval uncertainty.
Torsional oscillations and observed rotational period variations in early-type stars
Creators: name: Krticka, J.
name: Mikulasek, Z.
name: Henry, G. W.
name: Kurfurst, P.
name: Karlicky, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some chemically peculiar stars in the upper main sequence show rotational period variations of unknown origin. We propose these variations are a consequence of the propagation of internal waves in magnetic rotating stars that lead to the torsional oscillations of the star. We simulate the magnetohydrodynamic waves and calculate resonant frequencies for two stars that show rotational variations: CU Vir and HD 37776. We provide updated analyses of rotational period variations in these stars and compare our results with numerical models. For CU Vir, the length of the observed rotational-period cycle, $\mathitΠ=67.6(5)$ yr, can be well reproduced by the models, which predict a cycle length of 51 yr. However, for HD 37776, the observed lower limit of the cycle length, $\mathitΠ\geq100$ yr, is significantly longer than the numerical models predict. We conclude that torsional oscillations provide a reasonable explanation at least for the observed period variations in CU Vir.
description: 7 pages, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Taller El cuestionario como instrumento de recogida de datos: diseño y análisis
Creators: name: Verdugo-Castro, Sonia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Presentación del Taller El cuestionario como instrumento de recogida de datos: diseño y análisis impartido durante la estancia de investigación en la Universidad Andrés Bello (Chile).
Eye movement patterns of primary-school aged children with developmental dyslexia learning to read alphabetic orthographies
Creators: name: Puertas Cespedes, Silvia
name: Yu, Lili
name: de Aguiar, Vânia
name: Jonkers, Roel
name: Castelli, Solveig
name: Kohnen, Saskia
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medical Sciences
subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Psychiatry and Psychology
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Alphabetic orthographies
subject: Developmental Dyslexia
subject: Eye Tracking
subject: Reading
subject: Systematic review

description: The aim of this systematic review is to document scientific literature on the eye tracking patterns observed during reading in children with developmental dyslexia, readers of alphabetic orthographies.
The use of a thermo-mechanical conditioning cycle to reduce the rate of crack propagation in an aluminium alloy
Creators: name: Sayers, Richard Samuel David.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
The Formation of Thermals on the Ground
Creators: name: Predelli, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The measurement data from the boundary layer measurement masts in Hamburg-Billwerder (Germany) and Hyytiala (Finland) make thermals visible. For this, the temperature and humidity data must first be transformed to be independent of altitude. The subsequent visualisation of this data shows an impressive cross-section of the lower atmosphere with individual updrafts, but also with air bubbles detaching from the ground or falling from higher altitudes.
description: 9 pages incl. 7 pictures
RetroComposer: Composing Templates for Template-Based Retrosynthesis Prediction
Creators: name: Yan, Chaochao
name: Zhao, Peilin
name: Lu, Chan
name: Yu, Yang
name: Huang, Junzhou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The main target of retrosynthesis is to recursively decompose desired molecules into available building blocks. Existing template-based retrosynthesis methods follow a template selection stereotype and suffer from limited training templates, which prevents them from discovering novel reactions. To overcome this limitation, we propose an innovative retrosynthesis prediction framework that can compose novel templates beyond training templates. As far as we know, this is the first method that uses machine learning to compose reaction templates for retrosynthesis prediction. Besides, we propose an effective reactant candidate scoring model that can capture atom-level transformations, which helps our method outperform previous methods on the USPTO-50K dataset. Experimental results show that our method can produce novel templates for 15 USPTO-50K test reactions that are not covered by training templates. We have released our source implementation.
description: 15 pages; Accepted by the journal of Biomolecules
Measurement of the circular polarization in radio emission from extensive air showers confirms emission mechanisms
Creators: name: Scholten, O.
name: Trinh, T. N. G.
name: Bonardi, A.
name: Buitink, S.
name: Correa, P.
name: Corstanje, A.
name: Hasankiadeh, Q. Dorosti
name: Falcke, H.
name: Hörandel, J. R.
name: Mitra, P.
name: Mulrey, K.
name: Nelles, A.
name: Rachen, J. P.
name: Rossetto, L.
name: Schellart, P.
name: Thoudam, S.
name: ter Veen, S.
name: de Vries, K. D.
name: Winchen, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report here on a novel analysis of the complete set of four Stokes parameters that uniquely determine the linear and/or circular polarization of the radio signal for an extensive air shower. The observed dependency of the circular polarization on azimuth angle and distance to the shower axis is a clear signature of the interfering contributions from two different radiation mechanisms, a main contribution due to a geomagnetically-induced transverse current and a secondary component due to the build-up of excess charge at the shower front. The data, as measured at LOFAR, agree very well with a calculation from first principles. This opens the possibility to use circular polarization as an investigative tool in the analysis of air shower structure, such as for the determination of atmospheric electric fields.
description: Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Node-based valid inequalities for the optimal transmission switching problem
Creators: name: Dey, Santanu S.
name: Kocuk, Burak
name: Redder, Nicole
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The benefits of transmission line switching are well-known in terms of reducing operational cost and improving system reliability of power systems. However, finding the optimal power network configuration is a challenging task due to the combinatorial nature of the underlying optimization problem. In this work, we identify a certain "node-based" set that appears as substructure of the optimal transmission switching problem and then conduct a polyhedral study of this set. We construct an extended formulation of the integer hull of this set and present the inequality description of the integer hull in the original space in some cases. These inequalities in the original space can be used as cutting-planes for the transmission line switching problem. Finally, we present the results of our computational experiments using these cutting-planes on difficult test cases from the literature.
Betriebliche Soziale Arbeit im Funktionssystem Wirtschaft: Spannungsverhältnisse zwischen dem Professionsverständnis Sozialer Arbeit und ihrer Tätigkeit im Unternehmen
Creators: name: Bachmann, Nina
name: Weber, Nina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Die Betriebliche Soziale Arbeit agiert in einem für die Soziale Arbeit atypischen Funktionssystem, weshalb sie im Unternehmen eine umstrittene Position einnimmt (Baumgartner & Sommerfeld, 2016, S. 1). Sie lässt sich auf einen Kontext ein, der nach anderen Prinzipien und anderen Rationalitäten als die Soziale Arbeit funktioniert, zumal die Soziale Arbeit in Unternehmen weitgehend fremdbestimmt wird. Oft, wenn überhaupt vorhanden, fungiert sie als Stabsstelle der Personalabteilung. Die Betriebliche Soziale Arbeit ist nicht Teil des Wirtschaftssystems bzw. agiert nicht nach ökonomischen Prinzipien, auch wenn sie in privatwirtschaftlichen Betrieben zum Einsatz kommt. Diese Ausgangslage erschwert die professionelle Umsetzung Sozialer Arbeit, da diese auf ethischen Grundlagen fussen sollte. In einem Unternehmen trifft die Betriebliche Soziale Arbeit vielmehr auf ökonomisch geprägte Handlungsweisen. Aus diesen unterschiedlichen Haltungen und moralischen Grundsätzen heraus ergibt sich folglich ein Spannungsfeld: Die Anforderungen seitens eines Unternehmens an ihre beauftragten Sozialarbeiter:innen stehen (möglicherweise) im Kontrast zu den Arbeitsschwerpunkten der letzteren. In der vorliegenden Literaturarbeit wird einerseits das Spannungsverhältnis zwischen dem Professionsverständnis der Sozialen Arbeit und der Betrieblichen Sozialen Arbeit und andererseits das Spannungsverhältnis zwischen der Sozialen Arbeit und dem wirtschaftlichen Funktionssystem beleuchtet. Hierfür werden das Feld der Betrieblichen Sozialen Arbeit, unternehmerische Ziele sowie Unternehmensethiken genauer betrachtet. Die Autorinnen gelangen zum Schluss, dass sich Professionelle, welche in der Betrieblichen Sozialen Arbeit tätig sind, sich in einem doppelten Spannungsverhältnis gegenüber ihrer Profession und der Wirtschaftlichkeit ihrer Auftraggeber:innen behaupten müssen. Auf eine kritische Analyse dieses Umstandes folgen konkrete Handlungsempfehlungen, die dem aktuellen Forschungsstand entsprechen und in der Praxis der Betrieblichen Sozialen Arbeit von Sozialarbeitenden umgesetzt werden können.
description: + Code Diss LU: hslusa basa + Fussnote: Bachelor-Arbeit, Hochschule Luzern – Soziale Arbeit, Studienrichtung Sozialarbeit, 2023 + NL-Code: NLLUHSA202309
Anomalously field-susceptible spin soft-matter emerging in an electric-dipole liquid candidate
Creators: name: Urai, Mizuki
name: Miyagawa, Kazuya
name: Watanabe, Yuta
name: Zhilyaeva, Elena I.
name: Torunova, Svetlana A.
name: Lyubovskaya, Rimma N.
name: Drichko, Natalia
name: Kanoda, Kazushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mutual interactions in many-body systems bring about a variety of exotic phases, among which liquid-like states failing to order due to frustration are of keen interest. Recently, an organic system with an anisotropic triangular lattice of molecular dimers has been suggested to host a dipole liquid arising from intradimer charge-imbalance instability, possibly offering an unprecedented stage for the spin degrees of freedom. Here we show that an extraordinary unordered(unfrozen) spin state having soft-matter-like spatiotemporal characteristics is substantiated in this system. $^1$H NMR spectra and magnetization measurements indicate that gigantic, staggered moments are non-linearly and inhomogeneously induced by magnetic field whereas the moments vanish in the zero-field limit. The analysis of the NMR relaxation rate signifies that the moments fluctuate at a characteristic frequency slowing down to below MHz at low temperatures. The inhomogeneity, local correlation, and slow dynamics indicative of middle-scale dynamical correlation length suggest a novel frustration-driven spin clusterization.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures, 1 table
The role of current loop in harmonic generation from magnetic metamaterials in two polarizations
Creators: name: Sajedian, Iman
name: Kim, Inki
name: Zakery, Abdolnasser
name: Rho, Junsuk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate the role of the current loop in the generation of second and third harmonic signals from magnetic metamaterials. We will show that the fact that the current loop in the magnetic resonance acts as a source for nonlinear effects and it consists of two orthogonal parts, leads to the generation of two harmonic signals in two orthogonal polarizations.
Benchmark datasets driving artificial intelligence development fail to capture the needs of medical professionals
Creators: name: Blagec, Kathrin
name: Kraiger, Jakob
name: Frühwirt, Wolfgang
name: Samwald, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Publicly accessible benchmarks that allow for assessing and comparing model performances are important drivers of progress in artificial intelligence (AI). While recent advances in AI capabilities hold the potential to transform medical practice by assisting and augmenting the cognitive processes of healthcare professionals, the coverage of clinically relevant tasks by AI benchmarks is largely unclear. Furthermore, there is a lack of systematized meta-information that allows clinical AI researchers to quickly determine accessibility, scope, content and other characteristics of datasets and benchmark datasets relevant to the clinical domain. To address these issues, we curated and released a comprehensive catalogue of datasets and benchmarks pertaining to the broad domain of clinical and biomedical natural language processing (NLP), based on a systematic review of literature and online resources. A total of 450 NLP datasets were manually systematized and annotated with rich metadata, such as targeted tasks, clinical applicability, data types, performance metrics, accessibility and licensing information, and availability of data splits. We then compared tasks covered by AI benchmark datasets with relevant tasks that medical practitioners reported as highly desirable targets for automation in a previous empirical study. Our analysis indicates that AI benchmarks of direct clinical relevance are scarce and fail to cover most work activities that clinicians want to see addressed. In particular, tasks associated with routine documentation and patient data administration workflows are not represented despite significant associated workloads. Thus, currently available AI benchmarks are improperly aligned with desired targets for AI automation in clinical settings, and novel benchmarks should be created to fill these gaps.
description: (this version extends the literature references)
Charge order landscape and competition with superconductivity in kagome metals
Creators: name: Kang, Mingu
name: Fang, Shiang
name: Yoo, Jonggyu
name: Ortiz, Brenden R.
name: Oey, Yuzki
name: Choi, Jonghyeok
name: Ryu, Sae Hee
name: Kim, Jimin
name: Jozwiak, Chris
name: Bostwick, Aaron
name: Rotenberg, Eli
name: Kaxiras, Efthimios
name: Checkelsky, Joseph G.
name: Wilson, Stephen D.
name: Park, Jae-Hoon
name: Comin, Riccardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In kagome metals AV3Sb5 (A = K, Rb, Cs), three-dimensional charge order (3D-CO) is the primary instability that sets the stage for other collective orders to emerge, including unidirectional stripe order, orbital flux order, electronic nematicity, and superconductivity. Here, we use high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy to determine the microscopic structure of three-dimensional charge order (3D-CO) in AV3Sb5 and its interplay with superconductivity. Our approach is based on identifying an unusual splitting of kagome bands induced by 3D-CO, which provides a sensitive way to refine the spatial charge patterns in neighboring kagome planes. We found a marked dependence of the 3D-CO structure on composition and doping. The observed difference between CsV3Sb5 and the other compounds potentially underpins the double-dome superconductivity in CsV3(Sb,Sn)5 and the suppression of Tc in KV3Sb5 and RbV3Sb5. Our results provide fresh insights into the rich phase diagram of AV3Sb5.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures
Beyond the Ultra-deep Frontier Fields And Legacy Observations (BUFFALO): a high-resolution strong + weak-lensing view of Abell 370
Creators: name: Niemiec, Anna
name: Jauzac, Mathilde
name: Eckert, Dominique
name: Lagattuta, David
name: Sharon, Keren
name: Koekemoer, Anton M.
name: Umetsu, Keiichi
name: Acebron, Ana
name: Diego, Jose M.
name: Harvey, David
name: Jullo, Eric
name: Kokorev, Vasily
name: Limousin, Marceau
name: Mahler, Guillaume
name: Natarajan, Priyamvada
name: Nonino, Mario
name: Remolina, Juan D.
name: Steinhardt, Charles
name: Tam, Sut-Ieng
name: Zitrin, Adi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The HST treasury program BUFFALO provides extended wide-field imaging of the six Hubble Frontier Fields galaxy clusters. Here we present the combined strong and weak-lensing analysis of Abell 370, a massive cluster at z=0.375. From the reconstructed total projected mass distribution in the 6arcmin x 6arcmin BUFFALO field-of-view, we obtain the distribution of massive substructures outside the cluster core and report the presence of a total of seven candidates, each with mass $\sim 5 \times 10^{13}M_{\odot}$. Combining the total mass distribution derived from lensing with multi-wavelength data, we evaluate the physical significance of each candidate substructure, and conclude that 5 out of the 7 substructure candidates seem reliable, and that the mass distribution in Abell 370 is extended along the North-West and South-East directions. While this finding is in general agreement with previous studies, our detailed spatial reconstruction provides new insights into the complex mass distribution at large cluster-centric radius. We explore the impact of the extended mass reconstruction on the model of the cluster core and in particular, we attempt to physically explain the presence of an important external shear component, necessary to obtain a low root-mean-square separation between the model-predicted and observed positions of the multiple images in the cluster core. The substructures can only account for up to half the amplitude of the external shear, suggesting that more effort is needed to fully replace it by more physically motivated mass components. We provide public access to all the lensing data used as well as the different lens models.
description: 29 pages, 17 figures, 3 tables
Chasing New Physics in Stacks of Soft Tracks
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Amit
name: Chakraborty, Sabyasachi
name: Roy, Tuhin S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter we introduce a new variable $ξ$, namely the number of tracks associated with the primary vertex, which are not parts of reconstructed objects such as jets/isolated leptons etc. We demonstrate its usefulness in the context of new physics searches in the channel monojet$+$missing transverse momentum (MET). In models such as in compressed supersymmetry, events are often characterized by a rather large number of soft partons from the cascade decays, none of which result in reconstructed objects. We find that $ξ$, binned in $p_T$, can discriminate these new physics events from events due to $Z+\text{jets}$, that is, the main background in the channel monojet+ MET. The information contained in soft tracks is largely uncorrelated with traditional variables such as the effective mass, MET, $p_T$ of the jet, etc. and, therefore, can be combined with these to increase the discovery potential by more than $200\%$ (depending on the spectra, of course). In fact, we find that simple cuts on $ξ(p_T)$ along with cuts on MET, and the effective mass outperforms sophisticated optimized MultiVariate Analyses using all conventional variables. One can model the background distribution of $ξ(p_T)$ in an entirely data-driven way, and make these robust against pile-up by identifying the primary vertex.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Viability of Zoning Reform in Tackling Urban Inequality in Louisville
Creators: name: Oladele, Mojeed
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 330404
subject: Land use and environmental planning

description: The original zoning system of Louisville promoted social segregation among groups and remained a tool for social exclusion that strengthened preexisting inequalities. The current residential zoning system in Louisville is predominantly single-family residential housing. Of the 75% of total land allocated for residential purpose, 55% comprises single-family housing, constituting one form of development and ruminant problem of social segregation within the city. The zoning reform initiative birthed the spatial improvement and development of additional middle housing as a more generic and inclusive housing form. The paper investigates the basis of zoning reform relative to the interconnectedness amongst the discursive objects of analysis and the extensiveness as a strategic tool of structural adjustment. Qualitative methodological assessment generated from collective planning professionals reflects the effectiveness of the new zoning design in strengthening the socio-spatial interactions within the city. The zoning reform is currently at the early stage of implementation and requires more professional/public inputs and constant iterative processes for a more promising urban planning outcome.
Angehörige von an Demenz erkrankten Menschen im Fokus – welche Unterstützung benötigen sie? Die Bedeutung von demenzspezifischem Wissen für die klinische Sozialarbeit
Creators: name: Arnold, Angela
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Aufgrund der demographischen Entwicklung ist davon auszugehen, dass die Anzahl der an Demenz erkrankten Personen zunehmen wird und somit auch mehr Angehörige davon betroffen sein werden. Die vorliegende Literaturarbeit „Angehörige von an Demenz erkrankten Menschen im Fokus – welche Unterstützung benötigen sie?“ widmet sich dem Thema Demenz und beginnt zunächst mit der Definition und den charakteristischen Merkmalen dieser Erkrankung. Es werden die Auswirkungen von Demenz auf das soziale Umfeld, insbesondere auf die Angehörigen, beleuchtet und die Belastungen und Herausforderungen, die sich daraus ergeben, analysiert. Darauf aufbauend werden verschiedene Interventions- und Unterstützungsmöglichkeiten betrachtet, die darauf abzielen, das Belastungserleben der Angehörigen zu reduzieren und ihre Lebensqualität zu verbessern. Zudem erfolgt eine eingehende Auseinandersetzung mit der klinischen Sozialarbeit und ihrer Rolle im Umgang mit Demenz. Aus den gewonnenen Erkenntnissen werden jeweils konkrete Handlungsempfehlungen für die Sozialarbeitenden abgeleitet. Diese Arbeit gibt einen umfassenden Überblick über das komplexe Thema der Demenz, richtet den Fokus auf die Bedürfnisse der Angehörigen und zeigt in diesem Kontext die Potenziale und Grenzen der klinischen Sozialarbeit auf.
description: + Code Diss LU: hslusa basa + Fussnote: Bachelor-Arbeit, Hochschule Luzern – Soziale Arbeit, Studienrichtung Sozialarbeit, 2023 + NL-Code: NLLUHSA202309
An intra-party account of electoral system choice
Creators: name: Schröder, Valentin
name: Manow, Philip
Publisher: name: Fachbereich 08: Sozialwissenschaften (FB 08)
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Electoral system
subject: Proportional representation
subject: Intra-party account of electoral reform
subject: Legislators (MPs)
subject: District-level electoral alliances
subject: 320

description: We present an intra-party account of electoral reform, contrasting the incentives of legislators (MPs) with those of party leaders. We develop our argument along the switch to proportional representation (PR) in early 20th century Europe. District-level electoral alliances allowed bourgeois MPs to counter the “socialist threat” under the electoral systems in place. PR was thus unnecessary from the seat-maximizing perspective that dominates previous accounts—intra-party considerations were crucial: candidate nomination and legislative cohesion. We show our argument to hold empirically both for the prototypical case of Germany, 1890–1920, using encompassing district-level data on candidatures, elections, electoral alliances, roll call votes and a series of simulations on reform effects; and for the implementation of electoral reforms in 29 countries, 1900–31.
Optimizing Warfarin Dosing using Deep Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Zadeh, Sadjad Anzabi
name: Street, W. Nick
name: Thomas, Barrett W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Warfarin is a widely used anticoagulant, and has a narrow therapeutic range. Dosing of warfarin should be individualized, since slight overdosing or underdosing can have catastrophic or even fatal consequences. Despite much research on warfarin dosing, current dosing protocols do not live up to expectations, especially for patients sensitive to warfarin. We propose a deep reinforcement learning-based dosing model for warfarin. To overcome the issue of relatively small sample sizes in dosing trials, we use a Pharmacokinetic/ Pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) model of warfarin to simulate dose-responses of virtual patients. Applying the proposed algorithm on virtual test patients shows that this model outperforms a set of clinically accepted dosing protocols by a wide margin. We tested the robustness of our dosing protocol on a second PK/PD model and showed that its performance is comparable to the set of baseline protocols.
description: 32 pages (including 3 appendices)