cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
ยุทธศาสตร์การป้องกันและรักษาความสงบเรียบร้อยตามแนวชายแดนแบบมีส่วนร่วม เขตนครหลวงเวียงจันทน์ สาธารณรัฐประชาธิปไตยประชาชนลาว
Creators: name: คำแสน  พลสงคราม
Publisher: name: งานวารสาร มหาวิทยาลัยนครพนม
Year: 2023
Subjects: ยุทธศาสตร์
การป้องกันและรักษาความสงบ
แนวชายแดน
การมีส่วนร่วม
สาธารณรัฐประชาธิปไตยประชาชนลาว

description: วารสารมนุษยศาสตร์และสังคมศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยนครพนม, 13, 2, 241-252
Can Virtual Reality be used to create memorable tourist experiences to influence the future intentions of wine tourists?
Creators: name: Jorge, Filipa
name: Sousa, Nuno
name: Losada, Nieves
name: Teixeira, Mário Sérgio
name: Alén, Elisa
name: Melo, Miguel
name: Bessa, Maximino
Publisher: name: Journal of Tourism & Development
Year: 2023

description: Tourism business models have used several technologies in their development, such as Virtual Reality (VR). Previous studies show that VR allows tourism organizations to promote new types of relationships between tourists and destinations, to enhance the appeal and memorability of tourist experiences and to diversify consumption patterns, which could also be interesting for dealing with sustainability issues, such as seasonal demand of destinations or activities in wine tourism. Thus, we propose a conceptual model to analyze the influence of memorable tourism experiences on wine tourists' future intentions after a VR experience, providing additional details on the research methodology to empirically test the conceptual model. Innovation in business models with VR to promote new relationships with destinations or activities and diversify tourists' consumption patterns could be interesting to address seasonal activities, such as the grape harvest or grape-treading, which are not continuously available for tourist observation/ participation, despite their high appeal. On the other hand, the results could contribute to wine and other kinds of tourism, conditioned by mobility issues such as restrictions on movements or personal interaction, due to health crises or personal constraints, increasing these tourism experiences' accessibility also in times of unavailability.
description: Journal of Tourism & Development, vol. 43 (2023)
Electrically Tunable Magnetism in Magnetic Topological Insulators
Creators: name: Wang, Jing
name: Lian, Biao
name: Zhang, Shou-Cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The external controllability of the magnetic properties in topological insulators would be important both for fundamental and practical interests. Here we predict the electric-field control of ferromagnetism in a thin film of insulating magnetic topological insulators. The decrease of band inversion by the application of electric fields results in a reduction of magnetic susceptibility, and hence in the modification of magnetism. Remarkably, the electric field could even induce the magnetic quantum phase transition from ferromagnetism to paramagnetism. We further propose a topological transistor device in which the dissipationless charge transport of chiral edge states is controlled by an electric field. In particular, the field-controlled ferromagnetism in magnetic topological insulator can be used for voltage based writing of magnetic random access memories in magnetic tunnel junctions. The simultaneous electrical control of magnetic order and chiral edge transport in such devices may lead to electronic and spintronic applications for topological insulators.
description: 4.9 pages, 5 figures, 1 table. Accepted to Phys. Rev. Lett
ผลกระทบทางเศรษฐกิจจากการระบาดของโรคติดเชื้อไวรัสโคโรนา 2019 ในพื้นที่ชายแดนไทย-สปป.ลาว: กรณีศึกษาพื้นที่อุดรธานี
Creators: name: จินตวัฒน์  ศิริรัตน์
Publisher: name: งานวารสาร มหาวิทยาลัยนครพนม
Year: 2023
Subjects: อุดรธานี
โควิด-19
ผลกระทบทางเศรษฐกิจ
ไทย-สปป.ลาว
มาตรการปิดเมือง

description: วารสารมนุษยศาสตร์และสังคมศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยนครพนม, 13, 2, 253-269
Organophosphate exposures during pregnancy and child neurodevelopment: Recommendations for essential policy reforms
Creators: name: Lanphear, B.
name: Sass, J.B.
name: Bradman, A.
name: Eskenazi, B.
name: Hertz-Picciotto, I.
name: Engel, S.M.
name: Whyatt, R.
name: Bennett, D.H.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2018

description: Summary Points: Widespread use of organophosphate (OP) pesticides to control insects has resulted in ubiquitous human exposures. High exposures to OP pesticides are responsible for poisonings and deaths, particularly in developing countries. Compelling evidence indicates that prenatal exposure at low levels is putting children at risk for cognitive and behavioral deficits and for neurodevelopmental disorders. To protect children worldwide, we recommend the following: Governments phase out chlorpyrifos and other OP pesticides, monitor watersheds and other sources of human exposures, promote use of integrated pest management (IPM) through incentives and training in agroecology, and implement mandatory surveillance of pesticide-related illness. Health professions implement curricula on the hazards from OP pesticides in nursing and medical schools and in continuing medical education courses and educate their patients and the public about these hazards. Agricultural entities accelerate the development of nontoxic approaches to pest control through IPM and ensure the safety of workers through training and provision of protective equipment when toxic chemicals are to be used.
No whining at the winery: family-friendly winescape attributes
Creators: name: Malerba, Rafaela Camara
name: Kastenholz, Elisabeth
name: Carneiro, Maria João
name: Carvalho, Mariana
Publisher: name: Journal of Tourism & Development
Year: 2023

description: Wine tourism is generally described as an activity undertaken by middle-aged couples who travel to taste and learn about wine. However, some scholars suggest that families with children may also be a potential market for wine attractions and destinations. Meanwhile, some wineries in different countries cater to families, being identified as family or child-friendly. Despite this, very few studies examine family wine tourism. Hence, this study explores the most relevant winescape dimensions for wineries welcoming family visitors with children. It adopts passive netnography to analyse 462 TripAdvisor reviews (posted by adults) regarding 26 family-friendly wineries. Findings suggest that, at the winery level, a family-friendly winescape includes eight dimensions (in order of relevance): fun and activities; facilities and attractions; service staff; setting; wine quality; food quality; atmospherics and child-care functionality. Wine is strongly present in the type of activities visitors engage in, being wine tasting the most mentioned, despite the presence of children. Some significant differences stand out regarding the most mentioned winescape elements according to distinct children's age ranges, visitors' origin and the winery's location.
description: Journal of Tourism & Development, vol. 43 (2023)
Direct Thy-1/αVβ3 integrin interaction mediates neuron to astrocyte communication
Creators: name: Burridge, Keith
name: Nham, Sang-Uk
name: Schneider, Pascal
name: Quest, Andrew F.G.
name: Leyton, Lisette
name: Muñoz, Daniel
name: Hermosilla, Tamara
name: Muñoz, Nicolás
name: Herrera-Molina, Rodrigo
name: Valdivia, Alejandra
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Thy-1 is an abundant neuronal glycoprotein of poorly defined function. We recently provided evidence indicating that Thy-1 clusters a β3-containing integrin in astrocytes to induce tyrosine phosphorylation, RhoA activation and the formation of focal adhesions and stress fibers. To date, the α subunit partner of β3 integrin in DI TNC1 astrocytes is unknown. Similarly, the ability of neuronal, membrane-bound Thy-1 to trigger astrocyte signaling via integrin engagement remains speculation. Here, evidence that αv forms an αvβ3 heterodimer in DI TNC1 astrocytes was obtained. In neuron-astrocyte association assays, the presence of either anti-αv or anti-β3 integrin antibodies reduced cell-cell interaction demonstrating the requirement of both integrin subunits for this association. Moreover, anti-Thy-1 antibodies blocked stimulation of astrocytes by neurons but not the binding of these two cell types. Thus, neuron-astrocyte association involved binding between molecular components in addition to the Thy-1-integrin; however, the signaling events leading to focal adhesion formation in astrocytes depended exclusively on the latter interaction. Additionally, wild-type (RLD) but not mutated (RLE) Thy-1 was shown to directly interact with αvβ3 integrin by Surface Plasmon Resonance analysis. This interaction was promoted by divalent cations and was species-independent. Together, these results demonstrate that the αvβ3 integrin heterodimer interacts directly with Thy-1 present on neuronal cells to stimulate astrocytes.
Tourist experiences in a wine region – the case of the Portuguese Beira Interior
Creators: name: Cunha, Diana
name: Grilo, Catarina
name: Alves, Helena
name: Kastenholz, Elisabeth
Publisher: name: Journal of Tourism & Development
Year: 2023

description: Visitors' experiences as reported on social media constitute relevant data that not only represent memories and allow post-visit evaluation of the experience, but also influence third-party future experiences via the phenomenon of "word-of-mouth". In this context, the present study aims to understand the wine tourism experiences of visitors to the specific wine region of Beira Interior in Central Portugal, as reported on TripAdvisor. A sample of 300 reviews was selected and subjected to content analysis using NVivo. Several types of experiences were considered (e.g., nature, culture, gastronomy, wine degustation), taking into account the dimensions of experience according to Schmitt's model (1999a): sense, feel, think, act, relate), emotional tonality (positive/negative) of the lived experiences, and overall satisfaction with the visit. This territory in general elicits positive feelings in visitors, who feel satisfied and surrendered to the region's magnificent landscapes, material cultural heritage, and gastronomy. Despite being an wine destination, wine per se is not yet the protagonist of these experiences. We discuss the main implications of our results and put forth suggestions to improve this region's tourism offer in order to promote its attractiveness and further development.
description: Journal of Tourism & Development, vol. 43 (2023)
Two sufficient conditions for rectifiable measures
Creators: name: Badger, Matthew
name: Schul, Raanan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 28A75

description: We identify two sufficient conditions for locally finite Borel measures on $\mathbb{R}^n$ to give full mass to a countable family of Lipschitz images of $\mathbb{R}^m$. The first condition, extending a prior result of Pajot, is a sufficient test in terms of $L^p$ affine approximability for a locally finite Borel measure $μ$ on $\mathbb{R}^n$ satisfying the global regularity hypothesis $$\limsup_{r\downarrow 0} μ(B(x,r))/r^m
description: 10 pages (v2: updated statement of Corollary 1.12, minor corrections and new reference added)
Vitamin D and risk of pregnancy related hypertensive disorders: Mendelian randomisation study
Creators: name: Felix, J.F.
name: Jaddoe, V.W.V.
name: Tapia, G.
name: Page, C.M.
name: McGinnis, R.
name: Fraser, A.
name: Lawlor, D.A.
name: Magnus, M.C.
name: Nystad, W.
name: Stene, L.C.
name: London, S.J.
name: Miliku, K.
name: Magnus, P.
name: Bonilla, C.
name: Engel, S.M.
name: Bauer, A.
name: Rivadeneira, F.
name: Williams, N.
Publisher: name: BMJ Publishing Group
Year: 2018

description: Objective To use mendelian randomisation to investigate whether 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration has a causal effect on gestational hypertension or pre-eclampsia. Design One and two sample mendelian randomisation analyses. Setting Two European pregnancy cohorts (Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, and Generation R Study), and two case-control studies (subgroup nested within the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study, and the UK Genetics of Pre-eclampsia Study). Participants 7389 women in a one sample mendelian randomisation analysis (751 with gestational hypertension and 135 with pre-eclampsia), and 3388 pre-eclampsia cases and 6059 controls in a two sample mendelian randomisation analysis. Exposures Single nucleotide polymorphisms in genes associated with vitamin D synthesis (rs10741657 and rs12785878) and metabolism (rs6013897 and rs2282679) were used as instrumental variables. Main outcome measures Gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia defined according to the International Society for the Study of Hypertension in Pregnancy. Results In the conventional multivariable analysis, the relative risk for pre-eclampsia was 1.03 (95% confidence interval 1.00 to 1.07) per 10% decrease in 25-hydroxyvitamin D level, and 2.04 (1.02 to 4.07) for 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels <25 nmol/L compared with ≥75 nmol/L. No association was found for gestational hypertension. The one sample mendelian randomisation analysis using the total genetic risk score as an instrument did not provide strong evidence of a linear effect of 25-hydroxyvitamin D on the risk of gestational hypertension or pre-eclampsia: Odds ratio 0.90 (95% confidence interval 0.78 to 1.03) and 1.19 (0.92 to 1.52) per 10% decrease, respectively. The two sample mendelian randomisation estimate gave an odds ratio for pre-eclampsia of 0.98 (0.89 to 1.07) per 10% decrease in 25-hydroxyvitamin D level, an odds ratio of 0.96 (0.80 to 1.15) per unit increase in the log(odds) of 25-hydroxyvitamin D level <75 nmol/L, and an odds ratio of 0.93 (0.73 to 1.19) per unit increase in the log(odds) of 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels <50 nmol/L. Conclusions No strong evidence was found to support a causal effect of vitamin D status on gestational hypertension or pre-eclampsia. Future mendelian randomisation studies with a larger number of women with pre-eclampsia or more genetic instruments that would increase the proportion of 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels explained by the instrument are needed.
PIRATES BROADCASTING AND SEPARATISTS AGITATION IN NIGERIA: A STUDY OF RADIO BIAFRA
Creators: name: Prof. R N, Amadi
name: Dr. J C, Njoku
name: Nosike Esther, Obiageri
Publisher: name: keith journal
Year: 2025
Subjects: Pirate, Broadcasting, Separatists, Agitation, Radio, Biafra, Nigeria

description: This study examined Pirates Broadcasting and Separatists Agitation in Nigeria. A study of Radio Biafra. The objectives of the study were to; ascertain the awareness of the existence of Biafra radio, find out the states where the Radio Biafra signal is mostly received in Nigeria, evaluate the level of listenership, identify the overriding messages dished out to Nigerians by radio Biafra, and ascertain the influence messages from Biafra radio. The theoretical framework of the study was drawn from Biafra radio. The theoretical framework of the study was drawn from indoctrination theory and Agenda setting theory. The study made use of survey method. The population consisted of five South-East States of Nigeria. (26 million according to National Population Commission. Using Taro Yamane Formula, the sample size is given as 400. Bourley’s proportional allocation technique aided the proportionate allocation of sample size to each states. The instrument for data collection was a questionnaire. Data was analysed using simple percentages, mean and standard deviations.  Findings revealed that the signal of Biafra radio is received in the entire South-East Region of Nigeria and also revealed high level of listenership. Based on the foregoing therefore, the study recommends amongst other that Nigerian Government should provide employment for the youth and tone down the threats of crumbling the agitation, but endeavour to look into the demand(s) of the agitating group and call for peace talk. Secondly, the government should encourages the South-East leaders to persuade protesters to channel their grievances and demand though constitutional means/avenues.
Role of Cold Storage in Rooting of Stem Cuttings: A Review
Creators: name: Mohammed, Aram Akram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Other Quantitative Biology (q-bio.OT)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Cold storage is a strategy mainly used for ornamental cuttings for the purpose of prolonging production duration that provide the cuttings with the best condition at the time of planting. The results have been obtained from cold storage of carnations and chrysanthemums confirmed the fact that the herbaceous cuttings could be stored for about two months at not lower than 0 C and more than 4 C, with similar results of the cuttings directly planted without storage. On the other hand, hardwood cuttings are stored at low temperature in order to improve rooting ability via reducing rooting inhibitors that occur in dormant cuttings which were taken during dormant seasons (late fall or early winter). So, declining in rooting inhibitors has been observed in the hardwood cuttings of deciduous trees and Vitis spp which were subjected to low temperature for around 2-6 months. Consequently, rooting was improved in these species. Also, cold storage of cuttings of some coniferous trees increased rooting at a high rate. Other factors like cultivar and storage method may interact with cold storage duration and temperature degree as well. This review article outlines the information of the studies that have been obtained as a result of cold storage of the cuttings of different species.
Modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors for preterm delivery among adolescent and young adult cancer survivors
Creators: name: Nichols, H.B.
name: Anderson, C.
name: Smitherman, A.B.
name: Engel, S.M.
Publisher: name: Springer International Publishing
Year: 2018

description: Purpose: A cancer diagnosis in adolescence and young adulthood (AYA, ages 15–39) may affect future pregnancy outcomes. Previous studies have reported an increased risk of preterm delivery (< 37 weeks of gestation) after maternal cancer treatment. In this analysis, we evaluated whether non-cancer characteristics modify the association between an AYA cancer history and preterm birth. Methods: North Carolina Central Cancer Registry records (2000–2013) were linked to state birth certificate files (2000–2014) to identify births to AYA cancer survivors (n = 1,980). A comparison cohort of births to women without a cancer diagnosis was selected from birth certificate files (n = 11,860). Log-binomial regression was used to estimate risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for preterm delivery. Effect modification by early prenatal care (1st trimester; yes/no), race/ethnicity (white/black/other), previous live births (0/1+), maternal age (< 25/25–29/30–34/35+), smoking during pregnancy (any/none), and education (high school or less/some college/Bachelor’s degree or higher) was evaluated using likelihood ratio tests (LRT). Results: Overall, preterm births were more common among AYA survivors than the comparison group (RR = 1.24, CI 1.07–1.43). The association was stronger among those who did not receive early prenatal care (RR = 1.73, CI 1.26–2.37) than among those who did (RR = 1.15, CI 0.98–1.35; LRT p = 0.03). Maternal age < 25 was also associated with a greater increase in preterm birth (< 25: RR = 1.80, CI 1.27–2.54; LRT p = 0.07). Associations did not vary strongly by other factors evaluated. Conclusions: An AYA cancer diagnosis may be associated with an increased risk of preterm birth, particularly among women who are younger and receive late or no prenatal care.
Association Between Gestational Diabetes and Incident Maternal CKD: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study
Creators: name: Phadnis, M.A.
name: Lewis, C.E.
name: Engel, S.M.
name: Gunderson, E.P.
name: Kramer, H.
name: Heiss, G.
name: Dehmer, E.W.
name: Jonsson Funk, M.
name: Kshirsagar, A.V.
name: Bibbins-Domingo, K.
Publisher: name: W.B. Saunders
Year: 2018

description: Background Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with increased risk for diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. We evaluated whether GDM is associated with incident chronic kidney disease (CKD), controlling for prepregnancy risk factors for both conditions. Study Design Prospective cohort. Setting & Participants Of 2,747 women (aged 18-30 years) enrolled in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study in 1985 to 86, we studied 820 who were nulliparous at enrollment, delivered at least 1 pregnancy longer than 20 weeks’ gestation, and had kidney function measurements during 25 years of follow-up. Predictor GDM was self-reported by women for each pregnancy. Outcomes CKD was defined as the development of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 or urine albumin-creatinine ratio ≥ 25 mg/g at any one CARDIA examination in years 10, 15, 20, or 25. Measurements HRs for developing CKD were estimated for women who developed GDM versus women without GDM using complementary log-log models, adjusting for prepregnancy age, systolic blood pressure, dyslipidemia, body mass index, smoking, education, eGFR, fasting glucose concentration, physical activity level (all measured at the CARDIA examination before the first pregnancy), race, and family history of diabetes. We explored for an interaction between race and GDM. Results During a mean follow-up of 20.8 years, 105 of 820 (12.8%) women developed CKD, predominantly increased urine albumin excretion (98 albuminuria only, 4 decreased eGFR only, and 3 both). There was evidence of a GDM-race interaction on CKD risk (P = 0.06). Among black women, the adjusted HR for CKD was 1.96 (95% CI, 1.04-3.67) in GDM compared with those without GDM. Among white women, the HR was 0.65 (95% CI, 0.23-1.83). Limitations Albuminuria was assessed by single untimed measurements of urine albumin and creatinine. Conclusions GDM is associated with the subsequent development of albuminuria among black women in CARDIA.
Thy-1-mediated cell–cell contact induces astrocyte migration through the engagement of αVβ3 integrin and syndecan-4
Creators: name: Muñoz, Nicolás
name: Kong, Milene
name: Schneider, Pascal
name: Quest, Andrew F.G.
name: Alvarez, Alvaro
name: Leyton, Lisette
name: Herrera-Molina, Rodrigo
name: Valdivia, Alejandra
name: Burridge, Keith
name: Cárdenas, Areli
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins occurs through interactions with integrins that bind to Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) tripeptides, and syndecan-4, which recognizes the heparin-binding domain (HBD) of other proteins. Both receptors trigger signaling pathways, including those that activate RhoGTPases such as RhoA and Rac1. This sequence of events modulates cell adhesion to the ECM and cell migration. Using a neuron-astrocyte model, we have reported that the neuronal protein Thy-1 engages αVβ3 integrin and syndecan-4 to induce RhoA activation and strong astrocyte adhesion to their underlying substrate. Thus, because cell-cell interactions and strong cell attachment to the matrix are considered antagonistic to cell migration, we hypothesized that Thy-1 stimulation of astrocytes should preclude cell migration. Here, we studied the effect of Thy-1 expressing neurons on astrocyte polarization and migration using a wound-healing assay and immunofluorescence analysis. Signaling molecules involved were studied by affinity precipitations, western blots and the usage of specific antibodies. Intriguingly, Thy-1 interaction with its two receptors was found to increase astrocyte polarization and migration. The latter events required interactions of these receptors with both the RGD-like sequence and the HBD of Thy-1. Additionally, prolonged Thy-1-receptor interactions inhibited RhoA activation while activating FAK, PI3K and Rac1. Therefore, sustained engagement of integrin and syndecan-4 with the neuronal surface protein Thy-1 induces astrocyte migration. Interestingly we identify here, a cell-cell interaction that although initially induces strong cell attachment, upon persistant stimulation favors cell migration by engaging the same signaling receptors and molecules as those utilized by ECM proteins to stimulate cell movement.
Exceptional point description of one-dimensional chiral topological superconductors/superfluids in BDI class
Creators: name: Mandal, Ipsita
name: Tewari, Sumanta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that certain singularities of the Hamiltonian in the complex wave vector space can be used to identify topological quantum phase transitions for $1D$ chiral topological superconductors/superfluids in the BDI class. These singularities fall into the category of the so-called exceptional points ($EP$'s) studied in the context of non-Hermitian Hamiltonians describing open quantum systems. We also propose a generic formula in terms of the properties of the $EP$'s to quantify the exact number of Majorana zero modes in a particular chiral topological superconducting phase, given the values of the parameters appearing in the Hamiltonian. This formula serves as an alternative to the familiar integer ($\mathbb{Z}$) winding number invariant characterizing topological superconductor/superfluid phases in the chiral BDI class.
description: minor typos corrected; journal version
IPBES Invasive Alien Species Assessment, data management report for Chapter 3. Section 3.3.3.3: Marine debris
Creators: name: Camacho-Cervantes, Morelia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Data management report

description: Section 3.3.3.3 assesses the role of marine debris as a driver of biological invasions in Chapter 3 of IPBES thematic assessment of invasive alien species and their control. The experts conducted a systematic review to report on the existing knowledge on this driver. This systematic review consists in the main source of evidence for the section.
A Dataset for Exploring Stellar Activity in Astrometric Measurements from SDO Images of the Sun
Creators: name: Wijitworasart, Warit
name: de Beurs, Zoe
name: Vanderburg, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a dataset for investigating the impact of stellar activity on astrometric measurements using NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) images of the Sun. The sensitivity of astrometry for detecting exoplanets is limited by stellar activity (e.g. starspots), which causes the measured "center of flux" of the star to deviate from the true, geometric, center, producing false positive detections. We analyze Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager continuum image data obtained from SDO between July 2015 and December 2022 to examine this "astrometric jitter" phenomenon for the Sun. We employ data processing procedures to clean the images and compute the time series of the sunspot-induced shift between the center of flux and the geometric center. The resulting time series show quasiperiodic variations up to 0.05% of the Sun's radius at its rotation period.
description: 4 pages, 1 Figure, Published in RNAAS, Associated data behind Figure 1 submitted along in file 'sun_jitter.csv'
Goodness-of-fit test for nonparametric regression models: Smoothing spline ANOVA models as example
Creators: name: Kosorok, M.R.
name: Engel, S.M.
name: Teran Hidalgo, S.J.
name: Wu, M.C.
Publisher: name: Elsevier B.V.
Year: 2018

description: Nonparametric regression models do not require the specification of the functional form between the outcome and the covariates. Despite their popularity, the amount of diagnostic statistics, in comparison to their parametric counterparts, is small. We propose a goodness-of-fit test for nonparametric regression models with linear smoother form. In particular, we apply this testing framework to smoothing spline ANOVA models. The test can consider two sources of lack-of-fit: whether covariates that are not currently in the model need to be included, and whether the current model fits the data well. The proposed method derives estimated residuals from the model. Then, statistical dependence is assessed between the estimated residuals and the covariates using the HSIC. If dependence exists, the model does not capture all the variability in the outcome associated with the covariates, otherwise the model fits the data well. The bootstrap is used to obtain p-values. Application of the method is demonstrated with a neonatal mental development data analysis. We demonstrate correct type I error as well as power performance through simulations.
The TMEFF2 tumor suppressor modulates integrin expression, RhoA activation and migration of prostate cancer cells
Creators: name: Yang, Li V.
name: Tipton, Greg J.
name: Corbin, Joshua M.
name: Asch, Adam S.
name: Ruiz-Echevarría, Maria J.
name: Chen, Xiaofei
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Cell adhesion and migration play important roles in physiological and pathological states, including embryonic development and cancer invasion and metastasis. The type I transmembrane protein with epidermal growth factor and two follistatin motifs 2 (TMEFF2) is expressed mainly in brain and prostate and its expression is deregulated in prostate cancer. We have previously shown that TMEFF2 can function as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting cell migration and invasion of prostate cells. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in this inhibition are not clear. In this study we demonstrate that TMEFF2 affects cell adhesion and migration of prostate cancer cells and that this effect correlates with changes in integrin expression and RhoA activation. Deletion of a 13 basic-rich amino acid region in the cytoplasmic domain of TMEFF2 prevented these effects. Overexpression of TMEFF2 reduced cell attachment and migration on vitronectin and caused a concomitant decrease in RhoA activation, stress fiber formation and expression of αv, β1 and β3 integrin subunits. Conversely, TMEFF2 interference in 22Rv1 prostate cancer cells resulted in increased integrin expression. Results obtained with a double TRAMP/TMEFF2 transgenic mouse also indicated that TMEFF2 expression reduced integrin expression in the mouse prostate. In summary, the data presented here indicate an important role of TMEFF2 in regulating cell adhesion and migration that involves integrin signaling and is mediated by its cytoplasmic domain.
Mutation of the H-helix in antithrombin decreases heparin stimulation of protease inhibition
Creators: name: Kielar, Dana M.
name: Cooper, Scott T.
name: Gonzales, Patrick R.
name: Church, Frank C.
name: Camacho, Laureano O.
name: Walston, Timothy D.
name: Rezaie, Alireza R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Blood clotting proceeds through the sequential proteolytic activation of a series of serine proteases, culminating in thrombin cleaving fibrinogen into fibrin. The serine protease inhibitors (serpins) antithrombin (AT) and protein C inhibitor (PCI) both inhibit thrombin in a heparin-accelerated reaction. Heparin binds to the positively charged D-helix of AT and H-helix of PCI. The H-helix of AT is negatively charged, and it was mutated to contain neutral or positively charged residues to see if they contributed to heparin stimulation or protease specificity in AT. To assess the impact of the H-helix mutations on heparin stimulation in the absence of the known heparin binding site, negative charges were also introduced in the D-helix of AT. AT with both positively charged H- and D-helices showed decreases in heparin stimulation of thrombin and factor Xa inhibition by 10 and five-fold respectively, a decrease in affinity for heparin-sepharose, and a shift in the heparin template curve. In the absence of a positively charged D-helix, changing the H-helix from neutral to positively charged increased heparin stimulation of thrombin inhibition 21-fold, increased heparin affinity and restored a normal maximal heparin concentration for inhibition. (Word Count = 187)
The RGS protein inhibitor CCG-4986 is a covalent modifier of the RGS4 Gα-interaction face
Creators: name: Kimple, Adam J.
name: Mocanu, Viorel
name: Giguère, Patrick M.
name: Johnston, Christopher A.
name: Siderovski, David P.
name: Willard, Francis S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS) proteins accelerate GTP hydrolysis by Gα subunits and are thus crucial to the timing of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling. Small molecule inhibition of RGS proteins is an attractive therapeutic approach to diseases involving dysregulated GPCR signaling. Methyl-N-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl]-4-nitrobenzenesulfinimidoate (CCG-4986) was reported as a selective RGS4 inhibitor, but with an unknown mechanism of action (Roman et al., 2007 Mol Pharmacol. 71:169−75). Here, we describe its mechanism of action as covalent modification of RGS4. Mutant RGS4 proteins devoid of surface-exposed cysteine residues were characterized using surface plasmon resonance and FRET assays of Gα binding, as well as single-turnover GTP hydrolysis assays of RGS4 GAP activity, demonstrating that cysteine-132 within RGS4 is required for sensitivity to CCG-4986 inhibition. Sensitivity to CCG-4986 can be engendered within RGS8 by replacing the wildtype residue found in this position to cysteine. Mass spectrometry analysis identified a 153 dalton fragment of CCG-4986 as being covalently attached to the surface-exposed cysteines of the RGS4 RGS domain. We conclude that the mechanism of action of the RGS protein inhibitor CCG-4986 is via covalent modification of Cys-132 of RGS4, likely causing steric hinderance with the all-helical domain of the Gα substrate.
Conserved herpesvirus protein kinases
Creators: name: Gershburg, Edward
name: Pagano, Joseph S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Conserved herpesviral protein kinases (CHPKs) are a group of enzymes conserved throughout all subfamilies of Herpesviridae. Members of this group are serine/threonine protein kinases that are likely to play a conserved role in viral infection by interacting with common host cellular and viral factors; however along with a conserved role, individual kinases may have unique functions in the context of viral infection in such a way that they are only partially replaceable even by close homologues. Recent studies demonstrated that CHPKs are crucial for viral infection and suggested their involvement in regulation of numerous processes at various infection steps (primary infection, nuclear egress, tegumentation), although the mechanisms of this regulation remain unknown. Notwithstanding, recent advances in discovery of new CHPK targets, and studies of CHPK knockout phenotypes have raised their attractiveness as targets for antiviral therapy. A number of compounds have been shown to inhibit the activity of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)-encoded UL97 protein kinase and exhibit a pronounced antiviral effect, although the same compounds are inactive against Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-encoded protein kinase BGLF4, illustrating the fact that low homology between the members of this group complicates development of compounds targeting the whole group, and suggesting that individualized, structure-based inhibitor design will be more effective. Determination of CHPK structures will greatly facilitate this task.
Hydrachna testudinata Cook 1967
Creators: name: Pešić, Vladimir
name: Chatterjee, Tapas
name: Bordoloi, Sabitry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Hydrachnidae
Hydrachna
Hydrachna testudinata

description: Hydrachna testudinata Cook, 1967
Records from the study area: Karnataka—Cook (1967); Prasad (1974).
Habitat. Ponds.
Distribution: India, Burma.
description: Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Chatterjee, Tapas & Bordoloi, Sabitry, 2010, A checklist of the water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) of India, with new records and description of one new species, pp. 1-54 in Zootaxa 2617 (1) on page 5, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2617.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/197964
Light-mediated remote control of signaling pathways
Creators: name: Priestman, Melanie A.
name: Lawrence, David S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Cell signaling networks display an extraordinary range of temporal and spatial plasticity. Our programmatic approach focuses on the construction of intracellular probes, including sensors, inhibitors, and functionally unique proteins that can be temporally and spatially controlled by the investigator even after they have entered the cell. We have designed and evaluated protein kinase sensors that furnish a fluorescent readout upon phosphorylation. In addition, since the sensors are inert (i.e. cannot be phosphorylated) until activated by light, they can be carried through the various stages of any given cell-based behavior without being consumed. Using this strategy, we have shown that PKCβ is essential for nuclear envelope breakdown and thus the transition from prophase to metaphase in actively dividing cells. Photoactivatable proteins furnish the means to initiate cellular signaling pathways with a high degree of spatial and temporal control. We have used this approach to demonstrate that cofilin serves as a component of the steering apparatus of the cell. Finally, inhibitors are commonly used to assess the participation of specific enzymes in signaling pathways that control cellular behavior. We have constructed a photo-deactivatable inhibitor, an inhibitory species that can be switched off with light. In the absence of light, the target enzyme is inactive due to the presence of the potent inhibitory molecule. Upon photolysis, the inhibitory molecule is destroyed and enzymatic activity is released.
Associations of prenatal environmental phenol and phthalate biomarkers with respiratory and allergic diseases among children aged 6 and 7 years
Creators: name: Calafat, A.M.
name: Quirós-Alcalá, L.
name: Teitelbaum, S.L.
name: Wolff, M.S.
name: Engel, S.M.
name: Buckley, J.P.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Ltd
Year: 2018

description: Background: Prenatal environmental phenol and phthalate exposures may alter immune or inflammatory responses leading to respiratory and allergic disease. Objectives: We estimated associations of prenatal environmental phenol and phthalate biomarkers with respiratory and allergic outcomes among children in the Mount Sinai Children's Environmental Health Study. Methods: We quantified urinary biomarkers of benzophenone-3, bisphenol A, paradichlorobenzene (as 2,5-dichlorophenol), triclosan, and 10 phthalate metabolites in third trimester maternal samples and assessed asthma, wheeze, and atopic skin conditions via parent questionnaires at ages 6 and 7 years (n = 164 children with 240 observations). We used logistic regression to estimate covariate-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) per standard deviation difference in natural log biomarker concentrations and examined effect measure modification by child's sex. Results: Associations of prenatal 2,5-dichlorophenol (all outcomes) and bisphenol A (asthma outcomes) were modified by child's sex, with increased odds of outcomes among boys but not girls. Among boys, ORs for asthma diagnosis per standard deviation difference in biomarker concentration were 3.00 (95% CI: 1.36, 6.59) for 2,5-dichlorophenol and 3.04 (95% CI: 1.38, 6.68) for bisphenol A. Wheeze in the past 12 months was inversely associated with low molecular weight phthalate metabolites among girls only (OR: 0.27, 95% CI: 0.13, 0.59) and with benzophenone-3 among all children (OR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.44, 0.96). Conclusions: Prenatal bisphenol A and paradichlorobenzene exposures were associated with pediatric respiratory outcomes among boys. Future studies may shed light on biological mechanisms and potential sexually-dimorphic effects of select phenols and phthalates on respiratory disease development.
Contacts between mammalian mitochondrial translational initiation factor 3 and ribosomal proteins in the small subunit
Creators: name: Spremulli, Linda L.
name: Koc, Hasan
name: Koc, Emine C.
name: Cimen, Huseyin
name: Haque, Md. Emdadul
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Mammalian mitochondrial translational initiation factor 3 (IF3mt) binds to the small subunit of the ribosome displacing the large subunit during the initiation of protein biosynthesis. About half of the proteins in mitochondrial ribosomes have homologs in bacteria while the remainder are unique to the mitochondrion. To obtain information on the ribosomal proteins located near the IF3mt binding site, cross-linking studies were carried out followed by identification of the cross-linked proteins by mass spectrometry. IF3mt cross-links to mammalian mitochondrial homologs of the bacterial ribosomal proteins S5, S9, S10, and S18-2 and to unique mitochondrial ribosomal proteins MRPS29, MRPS32, MRPS36 and PTCD3 (Pet309) which has now been identified as a small subunit ribosomal protein. IF3mt has extensions on both the N- and C-termini compared to the bacterial factors. Cross-linking of a truncated derivative lacking these extensions gives the same hits as the full length IF3mt except that no cross-links were observed to MRPS36. IF3 consists of two domains separated by a flexible linker. Cross-linking of the isolated N- and C-domains was observed to a range of ribosomal proteins particularly with the C-domain carrying the linker which showed significant cross-linking to several ribosomal proteins not found in prokaryotes.
Prenatal phthalates, maternal thyroid function, and risk of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in the Norwegian mother and child cohort
Creators: name: Drover, S.S.M.
name: Hoppin, J.A.
name: Herring, A.H.
name: Nethery, R.C.
name: Thomsen, C.
name: Sakhi, A.K.
name: Knudsen, G.P.
name: Reichborn-Kjennerud, T.
name: Aase, H.
name: Engel, S.M.
name: Villanger, G.D.
name: Zeiner, P.
Publisher: name: Public Health Services, US Dept of Health and Human Services
Year: 2018

description: BACKGROUND: There is growing concern that phthalate exposures may have an impact on child neurodevelopment. Prenatal exposure to phthalates has been linked with externalizing behaviors and executive functioning defects suggestive of an attentiondeficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) phenotype. OBJECTIVES: We undertook an investigation into whether prenatal exposure to phthalates was associated with clinically confirmed ADHD in a population-based nested case - control study of the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort (MoBa) between the years 2003 and 2008. METHODS: Phthalate metabolites were measured in maternal urine collected at midpregnancy. Cases of ADHD (n = 297) were obtained through linkage between MoBa and the Norwegian National Patient Registry. A random sample of controls (n = 553) from the MoBa population was obtained. RESULTS: In multivariable adjusted coexposure models, the sum of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate metabolites (Σ DEHP) was associated with a monotonically increasing risk of ADHD. Children of mothers in the highest quintile of Σ DEHP had almost three times the odds of an ADHD diagnosis as those in the lowest [OR = 2: 99 (95% CI: 1.47, 5.49)]. When Σ DEHP was modeled as a log-linear (natural log) term, for each log-unit increase in exposure, the odds of ADHD increased by 47% [OR = 1: 47 (95% CI: 1.09, 1.94)]. We detected no significant modification by sex or mediation by prenatal maternal thyroid function or by preterm delivery. CONCLUSIONS: In this population-based case - control study of clinical ADHD, maternal urinary concentrations of DEHP were monotonically associated with increased risk of ADHD. Additional research is needed to evaluate potential mechanisms linking phthalates to ADHD.
Live birth outcomes after adolescent and young adult breast cancer
Creators: name: Nichols, H.B.
name: Engel, S.M.
name: Anders, C.K.
name: Anderson, C.
Publisher: name: Wiley-Liss Inc.
Year: 2018

description: Reproductive outcomes are an important survivorship concern for women diagnosed with cancer as adolescents and young adults (AYAs). We examined the incidence of live birth and the prevalence of adverse birth outcomes according to tumor and treatment characteristics among AYAs with breast cancer. Women diagnosed with breast cancer at ages 15–39 during 2000–2013 were identified using the North Carolina Central Cancer Registry (n = 4,978). Cancer registry records were linked to state birth certificate files from 2000 to 2014 to identify births to women with and without a breast cancer history. The breast cancer cohort was followed until live birth, death, age 46, or December 31, 2014, whichever occurred first. For each birth to breast cancer survivors (n = 338), we sampled 20 births to women without a recorded cancer diagnosis, with frequency matching on maternal age and year of delivery. The cumulative incidence of live births after breast cancer was 8% at 10 years. Births were less common among women treated with chemotherapy. Overall, the prevalence of preterm birth, low birth weight, small-for-gestational age (SGA) and Cesarean delivery did not differ substantially between births to women with and without breast cancer. However, births to women with ER-negative disease were more likely to be preterm (PR = 1.84; 95% CI: 1.11–3.06). In this population-based study, <10% of AYA breast cancer survivors had a live birth within 10 years of their diagnosis. The increase in risk of preterm delivery among ER-negative survivors in our cohort warrants further investigation in larger studies.
Effect of pregnancy on disease flares in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Creators: name: Petri, M.
name: Howard, A.G.
name: Franceschini, N.
name: Eudy, A.M.
name: Siega-Riz, A.M.
name: Clowse, M.E.B.
name: Engel, S.M.
Publisher: name: BMJ Publishing Group
Year: 2018

description: Objective: Prior studies found conflicting results about whether lupus is likely to flare during or after pregnancy. Using a large cohort of pregnant and non-pregnant women with lupus, we estimated the effect of pregnancy on disease flares in systemic lupus erythematosus. Methods: Data were collected in the Hopkins Lupus Cohort 1987-2015. Women aged 14-45 years with >1 measurement of disease activity were included. The time-varying exposures were classified as pregnancy, postpartum or non-pregnant/non-postpartum periods. Flares were defined as: (1) change in Physician Global Assessment (PGA)≥1 from previous visit and (2) change in Safety of Estrogens in Lupus National Assessment-Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SELENA-SLEDAI)≥4 from previous visit. A stratified Cox model estimated HRs with bootstrap 95% CIs. Results: There were 1349 patients, including 398 pregnancies in 304 patients. There was an increased rate of flare defined by PGA during pregnancy (HR: 1.59; 95% CI 1.27 to 1.96); however, this effect was modified by hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) use, with the HR of flares in pregnancy compared with non-pregnant/non-postpartum periods estimated to be 1.83 (95% CI 1.34 to 2.45) for patients with no HCQ use and 1.26 (95% CI 0.88 to 1.69) for patients with HCQ use. The risk of flare was similarly elevated among non-HCQ users in the 3 months postpartum, but not for women taking HCQ after delivery. Conclusions: Our study supports and extends previous findings that the incidence of flare is increased during pregnancy and within the 3 months postpartum. Continuing HCQ, however, appeared to mitigate the risk of flare during and after pregnancy.