cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Suppl data from Tweedle proteins form extracellular two-dimensional structures defining body and cell shape in Drosophila melanogaster
Creators: name: Zuber, Renata
name: Wang, Yiwen
name: Gehring, Nicole
name: Slawomir Bartoszewski
name: Moussian, Bernard
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: Cell Biology

description: Tissue function and shape rely on the organization of the extracellular matrix (ECM) produced by the respective cells. Our understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms is limited. Here, we show that extracellular Tweedle (Twdl) proteins in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster form two adjacent two-dimensional sheets underneath the cuticle surface and above a distinct layer of dityrosinylated and probably elastic proteins enwrapping the whole body. Dominant mutations in twdl genes cause ectopic spherical aggregation of Twdl proteins that recruit dityrosinylated proteins at their periphery within lower cuticle regions. These aggregates perturb parallel ridges at the surface of epidermal cells that have been demonstrated to be crucial for body shaping. In one scenario, hence, this disorientation of epidermal ridges may explain the squatty phenotype of Twdl mutant larvae. In an alternative scenario, this phenotype may be due to the depletion of the dityrosinylated and elastic layer and the consequently weakening of the cuticle resistance against the internal hydrostatic pressure. According to Barlow's formula describing the distribution of internal pressure forces in pipes in dependence of pipe wall material properties, it follows that this reduction, in turn, causes lateral expansion at the expense of the antero-posterior elongation of the body.
A regular metric does not ensure the regularity of spacetime
Creators: name: Rodrigues, Manuel E.
name: Vieira, Henrique A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we try to clarify that a regular metric can generate a singular spacetime. Our work focuses on a static and spherically symmetric spacetime in which regularity exists when all components of the Riemann tensor are finite. There is work in the literature that assumes that the regularity of the metric is a sufficient condition to guarantee it. We study three regular metrics and show that they have singular spacetime. We also show that these metrics can be interpreted as solutions for black holes whose matter source is described by nonlinear electrodynamics. We analyze the geodesic equations and the Kretschmann scalar to verify the existence of the curvature singularity. Moreover, we use a change of the line element $r \rightarrow \sqrt{r^2+a^2}$, which is a process of regularization of spacetime already known in the literature. We then recompute the geodesic equations and the Kretschmann scalar and show that all metrics now have regular spacetime. This process transforms them into black-bounce solutions, two of which are new. We have discussed the properties of the event horizon and the energy conditions for all models.
description: 26 pages, 9 figures
Fast coherent manipulation of three-electron states in a double quantum dot
Creators: name: Shi, Zhan
name: Simmons, C. B.
name: Ward, Daniel R.
name: Prance, J. R.
name: Wu, Xian
name: Koh, Teck Seng
name: Gamble, John King
name: Savage, D. E.
name: Lagally, M. G.
name: Friesen, Mark
name: Coppersmith, S. N.
name: Eriksson, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A fundamental goal in the manipulation of quantum systems is the achievement of many coherent oscillations within the characteristic dephasing time T2*[1]. Most manipulations of electron spins in quantum dots have focused on the construction and control of two-state quantum systems, or qubits, in which each quantum dot is occupied by a single electron[2-7]. Here we perform quantum manipulations on a system with more electrons per quantum dot, in a double dot with three electrons. We demonstrate that tailored pulse sequences can be used to induce coherent rotations between 3-electron quantum states. Certain pulse sequences yield coherent oscillations with a very high figure of merit (the ratio of coherence time to rotation time) of >100. The presence of the third electron enables very fast rotations to all possible states, in contrast to the case when only two electrons are used, in which some rotations are slow. The minimum oscillation frequency we observe is >5 GHz.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, submitted for publication
Bridge++ 2.0: Benchmark results on supercomputer Fugaku
Creators: name: Aoyama, Tatsumi
name: Kanamori, Issaku
name: Kanaya, Kazuyuki
name: Matsufuru, Hideo
name: Namekawa, Yusuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bridge++ is a general-purpose code set for lattice QCD simulations aiming at a readable, extensible, and portable code while keeping practical high performance. The new version 2.0 employs machine-dependent optimization, enabling flexible data layout in float/double precision, while it was fixed layout and only with the double precision in previous versions. We report the performance on supercomputer Fugaku with Arm A64FX-SVE architecture by Fujitsu.
description: 10 pages, contribution to the 39th International Symposium on Lattice Field theory (LATTICE2022), 8th-13th August, 2022, Bonn, Germany. The new version of Bridge++ mentioned in this article is now availabe at https://bridge.kek.jp/Lattice-code/
title: Famous and Forgotten: Soviet Sociology and the Nature of Intellectual Achievement under Totalitarianism
Creators: name: Sokolov, Mikhail
Publisher: name: Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz
Year: 2017

description: Serendipities. Journal for the Sociology and History of the Social Sciences; Volume 2017 (2); Issue 1;
  Pages: 183-212; ISSN: 2521-0947
Local cohomology with support in generic determinantal ideals
Creators: name: Raicu, Claudiu
name: Weyman, Jerzy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For positive integers m >= n >= p, we compute the GL_m x GL_n-equivariant description of the local cohomology modules of the polynomial ring S of functions on the space of m x n matrices, with support in the ideal of p x p minors. Our techniques allow us to explicitly compute all the modules Ext_S(S/I_x,S), for x a partition and I_x the ideal generated by the irreducible sub-representation of S indexed by x. In particular we determine the regularity of the ideals I_x, and we deduce that the only ones admitting a linear free resolution are the powers of the ideal of maximal minors of the generic matrix, as well as the products between such powers and the maximal ideal of S.
Recurring Activity Discovered on Quasi-Hilda 2009 DQ118
Creators: name: Oldroyd, William J.
name: Chandler, Colin Orion
name: Trujillo, Chadwick A.
name: Sheppard, Scott S.
name: Hsieh, Henry H.
name: Kueny, Jay K.
name: Burris, William A.
name: DeSpain, Jarod A.
name: Farrell, Kennedy A.
name: Mazzucato, Michele T.
name: Bosch, Milton K. D.
name: Shaw-Diaz, Tiffany
name: Gonano, Virgilio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have discovered two epochs of activity on quasi-Hilda 2009 DQ118. Small bodies that display comet-like activity, such as active asteroids and active quasi-Hildas, are important for understanding the distribution of water and other volatiles throughout the solar system. Through our NASA Partner Citizen Science project, Active Asteroids, volunteers classified archival images of 2009 DQ118 as displaying comet-like activity. By performing an in-depth archival image search, we found over 20 images from UT 2016 March 8--9 with clear signs of a comet-like tail. We then carried out follow-up observations of 2009 DQ118 using the 3.5 m Astrophysical Research Consortium Telescope at Apache Point Observatory, Sunspot, New Mexico, USA and the 6.5 m Magellan Baade Telescope at Las Campanas Observatory, Chile. These images revealed a second epoch of activity associated with the UT 2023 April 22 perihelion passage of 2009 DQ118. We performed photometric analysis of the tail and find that it had a similar apparent length and surface brightness during both epochs. We also explored the orbital history and future of 2009 DQ118 through dynamical simulations. These simulations show that 2009 DQ118 is currently a quasi-Hilda and that it frequently experiences close encounters with Jupiter. We find that 2009 DQ118 is currently on the boundary between asteroidal and cometary orbits. Additionally, it has likely been a Jupiter family comet or Centaur for much of the past 10 kyr and will be in these same regions for the majority of the next 10 kyr. Since both detected epochs of activity occurred near perihelion, the observed activity is consistent with sublimation of volatile ices. 2009 DQ118 is currently observable until ~mid-October 2023. Further observations would help to characterize the observed activity.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
Thermodynamics with Möbius domain wall fermions near physical point II
Creators: name: Aoki, Sinya
name: Fukaya, Hidenori
name: Goswami, Jishnu
name: Hashimoto, Shoji
name: Kanamori, Issaku
name: Kaneko, Takashi
name: Zhang, Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on our finite temperature 2+1 flavor lattice QCD simulation to study the thermodynamic properties of QCD near the (pseudo) critical point employing $N_T=12$ and $16$. The simulation points are chosen along the lines of constant physics. The quark mass for Möbius domain-wall fermion are tuned by taking into account the residual mass either by fine-tuning the input quark masses or by post-process using reweighting. In this talk, we focus on simulation details and present some preliminary results.
description: 8 pages, contribution to the 39th International Symposium on Lattice Field theory (LATTICE2022), 8th-13th August, 2022, Bonn, Germany
Manuel Holobolos' Letter of Consolation to Theodora Raoulaina
Creators: name: Kotzabassi, Sofia
Publisher: name: Parekbolai. An Electronic Journal for Byzantine Literature
Year: 2020
Subjects: Manuel Holobolos, Theodora Raoulaina, John Raoul, Chorikios, Letters, Consolation, Hierosolymitanus Sancti Sepulchri (Panagiou Taphou) 276

description: The article offers a critical edition of the hitherto unpublished letter of condolence of Manuel Holobolos to Theodora Raoulaina for the death of her second husband, Ioannes Raoul, transmitted in the ms Hierosolymitanus, Sancti Sepulchri (Panagiou Taphou) 276.
description: Parekbolai. An Electronic Journal for Byzantine Literature, Vol 10 (2020)
… ἤτοι κάλλους ἔκφρασις. Ομορφιά και ερωτισμός στην ποίηση του 12ου αιώνα. Η περίπτωση των εκφράσεων του Νικήτα Ευγενειανού
Creators: name: Nikolaos Siskos, Ilias Taxidis -
Publisher: name: Parekbolai. An Electronic Journal for Byzantine Literature
Year: 2020
Subjects: Nicetas Eugenianos, Drossila and Charikles, ekphrasis, epithalamium, eroticism

description: The study examines the ideal of beauty and its visual reception, the concept of eroticism and the impact of erotic emotion in Byzantine poetry in general. Moreover, the case of the erotic literature of the comnenian era is studied and in this context the ekphraseis of Nicetas Eugenianos, which are included both in his novel Drossilla and Charikles, as well as in his Epithalamium entitled Ἐπιθαλάμιοι ἤτοι κάλλους ἔκφρασις τῶν συναφθέντων, are presented in detail. The thorough examination of the particular thematic and stylistic characteristics of the different descriptions (ekphrasis of garden, fountain, Drosilla, beauty of a newlywed couple) makes clear that Nicetas Eugenianos with his ekphraseis managed to transform the beauty into a higher ideal, in order to create an intensely sensual atmosphere in his texts, to demonstrate through words the power of erotic feelings and to give the opportunity to the human desire to become the object of free expression.
description: Parekbolai. An Electronic Journal for Byzantine Literature, Vol 10 (2020)
Merger Interactions Enhance Star Formation Rates in Galaxy Group Housing QSO PKS0405$-$123 and Gaseous Nebulae
Creators: name: Wolter, Ian E.
name: Berg, Michelle A.
name: Chisholm, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The star formation rate (SFR) of galaxies can change due to interactions between galaxies, stellar feedback ejection of gas into the circumgalactic medium, and energy injection from accretion onto black holes. However, it is not clear which of these processes dominantly alters the formation of stars within galaxies. Johnson et al. (2018) reported the discovery of large gaseous nebulae in the intragroup medium of a galaxy group housing QSO PKS0405$-$123 and hypothesized they were created by galaxy interactions. We identify a sample of 30 group member galaxies at z$\sim$0.57 from the VLT/MUSE observations of the field and calculate their [OII]$λ$$λ$3727,3729 SFRs in order to investigate whether the QSO and nebulae have affected the SFRs of the surrounding galaxies. We find that star formation is more prevalent in galaxies within the nebulae, signifying galaxy interactions are fueling higher SFRs.
description: 3 pages, 1 figure. Published in RNAAS
Planetary protection in the extreme environments of low-mass stars
Creators: name: Vidotto, A. A.
name: Jardine, M.
name: Morin, J.
name: Donati, J. -F.
name: Lang, P.
name: Russell, A. J. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent results showed that the magnetic field of M-dwarf (dM) stars, currently the main targets in searches for terrestrial planets, is very different from the solar one, both in topology as well as in intensity. In particular, the magnetised environment surrounding a planet orbiting in the habitable zone (HZ) of dM stars can differ substantially to the one encountered around the Earth. These extreme magnetic fields can compress planetary magnetospheres to such an extent that a significant fraction of the planet's atmosphere may be exposed to erosion by the stellar wind. Using observed surface magnetic maps for a sample of 15 dM stars, we investigate the minimum degree of planetary magnetospheric compression caused by the intense stellar magnetic fields. We show that hypothetical Earth-like planets with similar terrestrial magnetisation (~1G) orbiting at the inner (outer) edge of the HZ of these stars would present magnetospheres that extend at most up to 6.1 (11.7) planetary radii. To be able to sustain an Earth-sized magnetosphere, the terrestrial planet would either need to orbit significantly farther out than the traditional limits of the HZ; or else, if it were orbiting within the life-bearing region, it would require a minimum magnetic field ranging from a few G to up to a few thousand G.
description: 2 pages, 1 figure, to appear in the proceedings of the IAUS 302 "Magnetic fields throughout stellar evolution"
Fluctuations near the liquid-gas and chiral phase transitions in hadronic matter
Creators: name: Marczenko, Michał
name: Redlich, Krzysztof
name: Sasaki, Chihiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the fluctuations of the net-baryon number density in dense hadronic matter. Chiral dynamics is modeled via the parity doublet Lagrangian, and the mean-field approximation is employed to account for chiral criticality. We focus on the qualitative properties and systematics of the second-order susceptibility of the net-baryon number density for individual positive- and negative-parity nucleons whose masses become degenerate at the chiral restoration. It is shown that the second-order susceptibility of the positive-parity state can become negative when the chiral symmetry is restored, as a natural consequence of the unique relationship of the mass to the order parameter. Moreover, we find that such negative fluctuations are indicative of approaching the critical point on the chiral phase boundary. Our results may have consequences for the interpretation of the experimental data on net-proton fluctuations in heavy-ion collisions.
description: Version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2012.15535
Hölder Continuity of the Spectral Measures for One-Dimensional Schrödinger Operator in Exponential Regime
Creators: name: Liu, Wencai
name: Yuan, Xiaoping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Avila and Jitomirskaya prove that the spectral measure $μ_{λv, α,x}^f$ of quasi-periodic Schrödinger operator is $1/2$-Hölder continuous with appropriate initial vector $f$, if $α$ satisfies Diophantine condition and $λ$ is small. In the present paper, the conclusion is extended to that for all $α$ with $β(α)
Absolutely continuous energy bands and extended electronic states in an aperiodic comb-shaped nanostructure
Creators: name: Pal, Biplab
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of electronic eigenstates and quantum transport in a comb-shaped Fibonacci nanostructure model is investigated within a tight-binding framework. Periodic linear chains are side-attached to a Fibonacci chain, giving it the shape of an aperiodic comb. The effect of the side-attachments on the usual Cantor set energy spectrum of a Fibonacci chain is analyzed using the Greens function technique. A special correlation between the coupling of the side-attached chain with the Fibonacci chain and the inter-atomic coupling of the Fibonacci chain results in a dramatic triggering of the fragmented Cantor set energy spectrum into multiple sets of continuous sub-bands of extended eigenstates. The result is valid even for a disordered comb and turns out to be a rare exception of the conventional Anderson localization problem. The electronic transport thus can be made selectively ballistic within desired energy regimes. The number and the width of such continuous sub-bands can be easily controlled by tuning the number of atomic sites in the side-coupled periodic linear chains. This gives us a scope of proposing such aperiodic nanostructures as potential candidates for prospective energy selective nanoscale filtering devices.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, Revtex version
Linear difference operators with sequence coefficients having infinite-dimentional solution spaces
Creators: name: Abramov, Sergei
name: Pogudin, Gleb
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The notion of lacunary infinite numerical sequence is introduced. It is shown that for an arbitrary linear difference operator L with coefficients belonging to the set R of infinite numerical sequences, a criterion (i.e., a necessary and sufficient condition) for the infinite dimensionality of its space $V_L$ of solutions belonging to R is the presence of a lacunary sequence in $V_L$.
description: In memory of Marko Petkov\v{s}ek
Analysis of Synchrotron-Based X-Ray Fluorescence Measurements from Multiple Detector Modules
Creators: name: Ziska, Catharina
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2020

description: Bachelorarbeit, Universität Hamburg, 2020; 1-36 (2020). = Bachelorarbeit, Universität Hamburg, 2020
description: X-ray fluorescence measurements are an ideal method for measuring the elemental distributions in samples but complications like self absorption make the evaluation of these measurements non-trivial – especially when using multiple detector modules. This is further complicated when studying low concentrations of elements, where accurate background subtraction and elemental sensitivity is essential. In the scope of this work, the treatment of data from multiple detector modules was studied. It was found that for relative distributions of elements, it may suffice to leave out self-absorption during the interpretation. But for quantitative results, each detector module’s angle has to be considered to correctly account for self-absorption effects and obtain accurate results. This lead to quantitative stoichiometric ratios of the critical absorber elements inside a Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cell that are in good agreement with the nominal ratios. In addition, a variety of fit methods were proposed and analyzed. The usage of the method with the highest sensitivity lead to a successful characterization of a nanowire scan that previously posed a problem due to its low counts. Although the problem of accurate background separation could not be fully eliminated, a possible source of it was found and discussed. Finally, due to usage of the data from the multiple detector modules used during the measurement of the nanowire, the sensitivity was increased, reducing the problem of background separation further. This lead to the detection of bismuth, which is essential for evaluations of further measurements.
A Carbon Corrosion Model to Evaluate the Effect of Steady State and Transient Operation of a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell
Creators: name: Pandy, Arun
name: Yang, Zhiwei
name: Gummalla, Mallika
name: Atrazhev, Vadim V.
name: Kuzminyh, Nikolay Yu.
name: Sultanov, Vadim I.
name: Burlatsky, Sergei F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A carbon corrosion model is developed based on the formation of surface oxides on carbon and platinum of the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell electrode. The model predicts the rate of carbon corrosion under potential hold and potential cycling conditions. The model includes the interaction of carbon surface oxides with transient species like OH radicals to explain observed carbon corrosion trends under normal PEM fuel cell operating conditions. The model prediction agrees qualitatively with the experimental data supporting the hypothesis that the interplay of surface oxide formation on carbon and platinum is the primary driver of carbon corrosion.
Non-Gaussian quantum state generation by multi-photon subtraction at the telecommunication wavelength
Creators: name: Endo, Mamoru
name: He, Ruofan
name: Sonoyama, Tatsuki
name: Takahashi, Kazuma
name: Kashiwazaki, Takahiro
name: Umeki, Takeshi
name: Takasu, Sachiko
name: Hattori, Kaori
name: Fukuda, Daiji
name: Fukui, Kosuke
name: Takase, Kan
name: Asavanant, Warit
name: Marek, Petr
name: Filip, Radim
name: Furusawa, Akira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the field of continuous-variable quantum information processing, non-Gaussian states with negative values of the Wigner function are crucial for the development of a fault-tolerant universal quantum computer. While several non-Gaussian states have been generated experimentally, none have been created using ultrashort optical wave packets, which are necessary for high-speed quantum computation, in the telecommunication wavelength band where mature optical communication technology is available. In this paper, we present the generation of non-Gaussian states on wave packets with a short 8-ps duration in the 1545.32 nm telecommunication wavelength band using photon subtraction up to three photons. We used a low-loss, quasi-single spatial mode waveguide optical parametric amplifier, a superconducting transition edge sensor, and a phase-locked pulsed homodyne measurement system to observe negative values of the Wigner function without loss correction up to three-photon subtraction. These results can be extended to the generation of more complicated non-Gaussian states and are a key technology in the pursuit of high-speed optical quantum computation.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
On the origin of X-ray spectra in luminous blazars
Creators: name: Sikora, Marek
name: Janiak, Mateusz
name: Nalewajko, Krzysztof
name: Madejski, Greg M.
name: Moderski, Rafał
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gamma-ray luminosities of some quasar-associated blazars imply jet powers reaching values comparable to the accretion power even if assuming very strong Doppler boosting and very high efficiency of gamma-ray production. With much lower radiative efficiencies of protons than of electrons, and the recent reports of very strong coupling of electrons with shock-heated protons indicated by Particle-in-Cell (PIC) simulations, the leptonic models seem to be strongly favored over the hadronic ones. However, the electron-proton coupling combined with the ERC (External-Radiation-Compton) models of gamma-ray production in leptonic models predict extremely hard X-ray spectra, with energy indices about 0. This is inconsistent with the observed 2-10 keV slopes of blazars, which cluster around an index value of 0.6. This problem can be resolved by assuming that electrons can be cooled down radiatively to non-relativistic energies, or that blazar spectra are entirely dominated by the SSC (Synchrotron-Self Compton) component up to at least 10 keV. Here, we show that the required cooling can be sufficiently efficient only at distances r < 0.03pc. SSC spectra, on the other hand, can be produced roughly co-spatially with the observed synchrotron and ERC components, which are most likely located roughly at a parsec scale. We show that the dominant SSC component can also be produced much further than the dominant synchrotron and ERC components, at distances larger than 10 parsecs. Hence, depending on the spatial distribution of the energy dissipation along the jet, one may expect to see gamma-ray/optical events with either correlated or uncorrelated X-rays. In all cases the number of electron-positron pairs per proton is predicted to be very low. The direct verification of the proposed SSC scenario requires sensitive observations in the hard X-ray band which is now possible with the NuSTAR satellite.
description: 19 pages, 1 figure, accepted for publication in ApJ
A Chern-Simons model for baryon asymmetry
Creators: name: Raitio, Risto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In search of a phenomenological model that would describe physics from Big Bang to the Standard Model (SM), we propose a model with the following properties (i) above an energy about Lambda_{cr} > 10^{16} GeV there are Wess-Zumino supersymmetric preons and Chern-Simons (CS) fields, (ii) at Lambda_{cr} ~ 10^{16} GeV spontaneous gauge symmetry breaking takes place in the CS model and the generated topological mass providing attractive interaction to equal charge preons, and (iii) well below 10^{16} GeV the model reduces to the standard model with essentially pointlike quarks and leptons, having a radius ~ 10^{-31} m. The baryon asymmetry turns out to have a fortuitous ratio n_B/n_gamma << 1.
description: 14 pages, 2 tables. Text added to section 5
Modeling of durability of polyelectrolyte membrane of O2/H2 fuel cell
Creators: name: Atrazhev, Vadim V.
name: Burlatsky, Sergei F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we discuss critical aspects of the mechanisms and features of polymer proton exchange membrane (PEM) degradation in low-temperature H2/O2 fuel cell. In this paper, we focused on chemical mechanism of OH radical generation and their distribution in operational fuel cell. According to the current concept, free radicals are generated from hydrogen and oxygen crossover gases at the surface of Pt particles that precipitated in the membrane. We explicitly calculate Pt precipitation rate and electrochemical potential distribution in the membrane that controls it. Based on radical generation rate and Pt distribution we calculate degradation rate of the membrane taking advantage of simple kinetics equations.
Appendice iconografica
Creators: name: Sacchi, Luca
Publisher: name: Carte Romanze. Rivista di Filologia e Linguistica Romanze dalle Origini al Rinascimento
Year: 2020

description: -
description: Carte Romanze. Rivista di Filologia e Linguistica Romanze dalle Origini al Rinascimento, I colori del racconto (Biblioteca di Carte Romanze, 10)
Cyclic behavior of maxima for sums of independent variables
Creators: name: Lifshits, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G70

description: In a recent author's work the cyclic behavior of maxima in a hierarchical summation scheme was discovered. In the present note we show how the same phenomenon appears in the scheme of conventional summation: the distribution of maximum of $2^n$ independent copies of a sum of $n$ i.i.d. random variables approaches, as $n$ grows, some helix in the space of distributions.
Advantages of Multiple Detectors for the Neutrino Mass Hierarchy Determination at Reactor Experiments
Creators: name: Ciuffoli, Emilio
name: Evslin, Jarah
name: Wang, Zhimin
name: Yang, Changgen
name: Zhang, Xinmin
name: Zhong, Weili
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the advantages of a second identical detector at a medium baseline reactor neutrino experiment. A major obstruction to the determination of the neutrino mass hierarchy is the detector's unknown nonlinear energy response, which even under optimistic assumptions reduces the confidence in a hierarchy determination by about 1 sigma at a single detector experiment. Various energy response models are considered at one and two detector experiments with the same total target mass. A second detector at a sufficiently different baseline eliminates this 1 sigma reduction. Considering the unknown energy response, we find the confidence in a hierarchy determination at various candidate detector locations for JUNO and RENO 50. The best site for JUNO's near detector is under ZiLuoShan, 17 km and 66 km from the Yangjiang and Taishan reactor complexes respectively. We briefly describe other advantages, including a more precise determination of theta12 and the possibility of a DAEdALUS-inspired program to measure the CP-violating phase delta using a single pion source about 10 km from one detector and 20 km from the other. Two identical detectors provide a better energy resolution than a single (larger) detector, further increasing the confidence in a hierarchy determination.
description: 24 pages, 6 jpg figures
The model of stress distribution in polymer electrolyte membrane
Creators: name: Atrazhev, Vadim V.
name: Astakhova, Tatiana Yu.
name: Dmitriev, Dmitry V.
name: Erikhman, Nikolay S.
name: Sultanov, Vadim I.
name: Patterson, Timothy
name: Burlatsky, Sergei F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An analytical model of mechanical stress in a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) of a hydrogen/air fuel cell with porous Water Transfer Plates (WTP) is developed in this work. The model considers a mechanical stress in the membrane is a result of the cell load cycling under constant oxygen utilization. The load cycling causes the cycling of the inlet gas flow rate, which results in the membrane hydration/dehydration close to the gas inlet. Hydration/dehydration of the membrane leads to membrane swelling/shrinking, which causes mechanical stress in the constrained membrane. Mechanical stress results in through-plane crack formation. Thereby, the mechanical stress in the membrane causes mechanical failure of the membrane, limiting fuel cell lifetime. The model predicts the stress in the membrane as a function of the cell geometry, membrane material properties and operation conditions. The model was applied for stress calculation in GORE-SELECT.
I colori dell'esemplarità nella narrativa breve spagnola dei secoli d'oro
Creators: name: Rosso, Maria
Publisher: name: Carte Romanze. Rivista di Filologia e Linguistica Romanze dalle Origini al Rinascimento
Year: 2020

description: -
description: Carte Romanze. Rivista di Filologia e Linguistica Romanze dalle Origini al Rinascimento, I colori del racconto (Biblioteca di Carte Romanze, 10)
Spin wave theory for 2D disordered hard-core bosons
Creators: name: Zúñiga, Juan Pablo Álvarez
name: Lemarié, Gabriel
name: Laflorencie, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A spin-wave (SW) approach for hard-core bosons is presented to treat the problem of two dimensional boson localization in a random potential. After a short review of the method to compute 1/S-corrected observables, the case of random on-site energy is discussed. Whereas the mean-field solution does not display a Bose glass (BG) phase, 1/S corrections do capture BG physics. In particular, the localization of SW excitations is discussed through the inverse participation ratio.
description: TIDS15 conference
Remark on modular weights in low-energy effective field theory from type II string theory
Creators: name: Kikuchi, Shota
name: Kobayashi, Tatsuo
name: Nasu, Kaito
name: Otsuka, Hajime
name: Takada, Shohei
name: Uchida, Hikaru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the modular weights in type IIB magnetized D-brane models. The simple analysis of wave function shows that the four-dimensional matter fields have the modular weight -1/2, but it may shift as one in type IIA intersecting D-brane models. For example, the localized gauge flux as well as the localized curvature can shift the modular weight in the magnetized D-brane models. Such corrections do not affect physical couplings such as physical Yukawa couplings. However, it leads to differences in supersymmetry breaking sfermion masses, which depend on the modular weights, although the $A$-term coefficients and the sum of sfermion masses squared seem to be the same between two models.
description: 22 pages, v2: published version
DACov: A Deeper Analysis of Data Augmentation on the Computed Tomography Segmentation Problem
Creators: name: Krinski, Bruno A.
name: Ruiz, Daniel V.
name: Laroca, Rayson
name: Todt, Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Due to the COVID-19 global pandemic, computer-assisted diagnoses of medical images have gained much attention, and robust methods of semantic segmentation of Computed Tomography (CT) images have become highly desirable. In this work, we present a deeper analysis of how data augmentation techniques improve segmentation performance on this problem. We evaluate 20 traditional augmentation techniques on five public datasets. Six different probabilities of applying each augmentation technique on an image were evaluated. We also assess a different training methodology where the training subsets are combined into a single larger set. All networks were evaluated through a 5-fold cross-validation strategy, resulting in over 4,600 experiments. We also propose a novel data augmentation technique based on Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) to create new healthy and unhealthy lung CT images, evaluating four variations of our approach with the same six probabilities of the traditional methods. Our findings show that GAN-based techniques and spatial-level transformations are the most promising for improving the learning of deep models on this problem, with the StarGANv2 + F with a probability of 0.3 achieving the highest F-score value on the Ricord1a dataset in the unified training strategy. Our code is publicly available at https://github.com/VRI-UFPR/DACov2022
Using DUCK-Net for Polyp Image Segmentation
Creators: name: Dumitru, Razvan-Gabriel
name: Peteleaza, Darius
name: Craciun, Catalin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2; I.4; I.5

description: This paper presents a novel supervised convolutional neural network architecture, "DUCK-Net", capable of effectively learning and generalizing from small amounts of medical images to perform accurate segmentation tasks. Our model utilizes an encoder-decoder structure with a residual downsampling mechanism and a custom convolutional block to capture and process image information at multiple resolutions in the encoder segment. We employ data augmentation techniques to enrich the training set, thus increasing our model's performance. While our architecture is versatile and applicable to various segmentation tasks, in this study, we demonstrate its capabilities specifically for polyp segmentation in colonoscopy images. We evaluate the performance of our method on several popular benchmark datasets for polyp segmentation, Kvasir-SEG, CVC-ClinicDB, CVC-ColonDB, and ETIS-LARIBPOLYPDB showing that it achieves state-of-the-art results in terms of mean Dice coefficient, Jaccard index, Precision, Recall, and Accuracy. Our approach demonstrates strong generalization capabilities, achieving excellent performance even with limited training data. The code is publicly available on GitHub: https://github.com/RazvanDu/DUCK-Net
Il rosso e il nero. I colori del tragico negli «Ecatommiti»
Creators: name: Carapezza, Sandra
Publisher: name: Carte Romanze. Rivista di Filologia e Linguistica Romanze dalle Origini al Rinascimento
Year: 2020

description: -
description: Carte Romanze. Rivista di Filologia e Linguistica Romanze dalle Origini al Rinascimento, I colori del racconto (Biblioteca di Carte Romanze, 10)
Mapping the Three-Dimensional Density of the Galactic Bulge with VVV Red Clump Stars
Creators: name: Wegg, Christopher
name: Gerhard, Ortwin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The inner Milky Way is dominated by a boxy, triaxial bulge which is believed to have formed through disk instability processes. Despite its proximity, its large-scale properties are still not very well known, due to our position in the obscuring Galactic disk. Here we make a measurement of the three-dimensional density distribution of the Galactic bulge using red clump giants identified in DR1 of the VVV survey. Our density map covers the inner (2.2x1.4x1.1)kpc of the bulge/bar. Line-of-sight density distributions are estimated by deconvolving extinction and completeness corrected K-band magnitude distributions. In constructing our measurement, we assume that the three-dimensional bulge is 8-fold mirror triaxially symmetric. In doing so we measure the angle of the bar-bulge to the line-of-sight to be (27+- 2)deg, where the dominant error is systematic arising from the details of the deconvolution process. The resulting density distribution shows a highly elongated bar with projected axis ratios ~(1:2.1) for isophotes reaching ~2kpc along the major axis. Along the bar axes the density falls off roughly exponentially, with axis ratios (10:6.3:2.6) and exponential scale-lengths (0.70:0.44:0.18)kpc. From about 400pc above the Galactic plane, the bulge density distribution displays a prominent X-structure. Overall, the density distribution of the Galactic bulge is characteristic for a strongly boxy/peanut shaped bulge within a barred galaxy.
description: 14 pages, 19 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Temporal relation between quiet-Sun transverse fields and the strong flows detected by IMaX/SUNRISE
Creators: name: Noda, C. Quintero
name: Pillet, V. Martínez
name: Borrero, J. M.
name: Solanki, S. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Localized strongly Doppler-shifted Stokes V signals were detected by IMaX/SUNRISE. These signals are related to newly emerged magnetic loops that are observed as linear polarization features. We aim to set constraints on the physical nature and causes of these highly Doppler-shifted signals. In particular, the temporal relation between the appearance of transverse fields and the strong Doppler shifts is analyzed in some detail. We calculated the time difference between the appearance of the strong flows and the linear polarization. We also obtained the distances from the center of various features to the nearest neutral lines and whether they overlap or not. These distances were compared with those obtained from randomly distributed points on observed magnetograms. Various cases of strong flows are described in some detail. The linear polarization signals precede the appearance of the strong flows by on average 84+-11 seconds. The strongly Doppler-shifted signals are closer (0.19") to magnetic neutral lines than randomly distributed points (0.5"). Eighty percent of the strongly Doppler-shifted signals are close to a neutral line that is located between the emerging field and pre-existing fields. That the remaining 20% do not show a close-by pre-existing field could be explained by a lack of sensitivity or an unfavorable geometry of the pre-existing field, for instance, a canopy-like structure. Transverse fields occurred before the observation of the strong Doppler shifts. The process is most naturally explained as the emergence of a granular-scale loop that first gives rise to the linear polarization signals, interacts with pre-existing fields (generating new neutral line configurations), and produces the observed strong flows. This explanation is indicative of frequent small-scale reconnection events in the quiet Sun.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
Iterated Variable Neighborhood Search for the resource constrained multi-mode multi-project scheduling problem
Creators: name: Geiger, Martin Josef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The resource constrained multi-mode multi-project scheduling problem (RCMMMPSP) is a notoriously difficult combinatorial optimization problem. For a given set of activities, feasible execution mode assignments and execution starting times must be found such that some optimization function, e.g. the makespan, is optimized. When determining an optimal (or at least feasible) assignment of decision variable values, a set of side constraints, such as resource availabilities, precedence constraints, etc., has to be respected. In 2013, the MISTA 2013 Challenge stipulated research in the RCMMMPSP. It's goal was the solution of a given set of instances under running time restrictions. We have contributed to this challenge with the here presented approach.
eBPF-based Working Set Size Estimation in Memory Management
Creators: name: Lian, Zhilu
name: Li, Yangzi
name: Chen, Zhixiang
name: Shan, Shiwen
name: Han, Baoxin
name: Su, Yuxin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Working set size estimation (WSS) is of great significance to improve the efficiency of program executing and memory arrangement in modern operating systems. Previous work proposed several methods to estimate WSS, including self-balloning, Zballoning and so on. However, these methods which are based on virtual machine usually cause a large overhead. Thus, using those methods to estimate WSS is impractical. In this paper, we propose a novel framework to efficiently estimate WSS with eBPF (extended Berkeley Packet Filter), a cutting-edge technology which monitors and filters data by being attached to the kernel. With an eBPF program pinned into the kernel, we get the times of page fault and other information of memory allocation. Moreover, we collect WSS via vanilla tool to train a predictive model to complete estimation work with LightGBM, a useful tool which performs well on generating decision trees over continuous value. The experimental results illustrate that our framework can estimate WSS precisely with 98.5\% reduction in overhead compared to traditional methods.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Large magnetocapacitance in electronic ferroelectric manganite systems
Creators: name: Chowdhury, Ujjal
name: Goswami, Sudipta
name: Bhattacharya, Dipten
name: Midya, Arindam
name: Mandal, P.
name: Das, P.
name: Mukovskii, Y. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have observed a sizable positive magnetocapacitance ($\sim$$5-90\%$) in perovskite Pr$_{0.55}$Ca$_{0.45}$MnO$_3$ and bilayer Pr(Sr$_{0.1}$Ca$_{0.9}$)$_2$Mn$_2$O$_7$ system under 5T magnetic field across 20-100 K below the magnetic transition point T$_N$. The magnetodielectric effect, on the other hand, exhibits a crossover: (a) from positive to negative for the perovskite system and (b) from negative to positive for the bilayer system over the same temperature range. The bilayer Pr(Sr$_{0.1}$Ca$_{0.9}$)$_2$Mn$_2$O$_7$ system exhibits a sizable anisotropy as well. We have also noticed the influence of magnetic field on the dielectric relaxation characteristics of these systems. These systems belong to a class of improper ferroelectrics and are expected to exhibit charge/orbital order driven ferroelectric polarization below the transition point T$_{CO}$. Large magnetocapacitance in these systems shows typical multiferroic behavior even though the ferroelectric polarization is small in comparison to that of other ferroelectrics.
description: 6 pages with 5 embedded figures; accepted for publication in J. Appl. Phys
Tutti i colori di Bandello
Creators: name: Cabrini, Anna Maria
Publisher: name: Carte Romanze. Rivista di Filologia e Linguistica Romanze dalle Origini al Rinascimento
Year: 2020

description: -
description: Carte Romanze. Rivista di Filologia e Linguistica Romanze dalle Origini al Rinascimento, I colori del racconto (Biblioteca di Carte Romanze, 10)