cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Authoritarian Personality and Political Threat
Creators: name: Alexander, Bryson
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: In recent years, the U.S. has witnessed an upwelling of partisan anger and political violence, most notably a protracted siege in January 2021 of the US Capitol by supporters of outgoing president, Donald Trump.  It is well established that partisan identity is a salient component of self-concept, and recent work has argued that the American electorate has become polarized around political issues structured by individual authoritarian preferences.  This is not the authoritarianism of dictators and repressive regimes, but individual authoritarianism described by a person’s willingness to use force against out-groups, submit to authorities they perceive to be legitimate, and defend their concept of morality.  This research seeks to determine whether political threats, in the form of identifying with an out of office party, lead to measurable increases in authoritarian preferences.  Using ANES data from 2000-2016 and building on work done by Altemeyer (1981) and Ballard-Rosa et al. (2018), this research constructs a measure of authoritarian preferences and conducts regression analysis to identify whether there are significant changes in those preferences in response to political threats.  This research finds that political threats lead to significant increases in authoritarian preferences across the political distribution and that these effects are most pronounced among the strongest partisan identifiers.
On finite time singularities in scalar field dark energy models based in the RS-II Braneworld
Creators: name: Trivedi, Oem
name: Khlopov, Maxim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quest of deciphering the true nature of dark energy has proven to be one of the most exciting in recent times in cosmology. Various ideas have been put forward in this regard besides the usual cosmological constant approach, ranging from scalar field based models like Quintessence and Phantom dark energy to various modified gravity approaches as well. A very interesting idea then is to consider scalar field dark energy models in quantum gravitationally corrected cosmologies with the RS-II Braneworld being one of the most well known in this regard. So in this work, we consider RS-II Braneworld based scalar field dark energy models and try to look out for the existence of finite time singularities in these regimes both through a dynamical system perspective, for which we employ the Goriely-Hyde singularity analysis method, and a physical perspective. Our approach is general in the sense that it is not limited to any particular class of potentials or for any constrained parameter region for the brane tension and is valid for both Quintessence and phantom dark energy regimes. We firstly show through Goriely-Hyde procedure that finite time singularities can exist in these models for a limited set of initial conditions and that this result would hold irrespective of any consideration given to the swampland dS conjecture. We then discuss the physical nature of the singularities that can occur in this regime, where we use a well motivated ansatz for the Hubble parameter and show that these models of dark energy can allow for weak singularities like those of Type III and Type IV and can also allow for strong singularities like the Big Rip (Type I).
description: v2, 17 pages with no figures, matches the published version in EPJC
(1021) Margaret [St. Lawrence]
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Covid-19 modeling to policy in Washington State: Lessons learned
Creators: name: Lalika, Mathias
name: Beckford, Jeremy
name: Seiler, Jessica
name: Badshah, Akhtar
name: Stewart, Barclay
name: START Center
Publisher: name: Gates Open Research
Year: 2023

description: The START team documented how evidence from modeling and analytics
 was used to inform policy in Washington State’s COVID-19 response and identified lessons learned from this experience—which can inform research-policy partnerships, policy decisions, and formation of responsive systems to address public health emergencies in the future.
Supplementary Methods from Dispersal and population connectivity are phenotype dependent in a marine metapopulation.
Creators: name: Fobert, Emily K.
name: Treml, Eric A.
name: Swearer, Stephen E.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Larval dispersal is a key process determining population connectivity, metapopulation dynamics, and community structure in benthic marine ecosystems, yet the biophysical complexity of dispersal is not well understood. In this study, we investigate the interaction between disperser phenotype and hydrodynamics on larval dispersal pathways, using a temperate reef fish species, Trachinops caudimaculatus. We assessed the influence of larval traits on depth distribution and dispersal outcomes by: (i) using 24-h depth-stratified ichthyoplankton sampling, (ii) quantifying individual phenotypes using larval growth histories extracted from the sagittal otoliths of individual larvae, and (iii) simulating potential dispersal outcomes based on the empirical distribution of larval phenotypes and an advanced biological-physical ocean model. We found T. caudimaculatus larvae were vertically stratified with respect to phenotype, with high-quality phenotypes found in the bottom two depth strata, and poor-quality phenotypes found primarily at the surface. Our model showed high- and average-quality larvae experienced significantly higher local retention (more than double) and self-recruitment, and travelled shorter distances relative to poor-quality larvae. As populations are only connected when dispersers survive long enough to reproduce, determining how larval phenotype influences dispersal outcomes will be important for improving our understanding of marine population connectivity and persistence.
Magnetic ring chains with vertex coupling of a preferred orientation
Creators: name: Baradaran, Marzieh
name: Exner, Pavel
name: Lipovsky, Jiri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81Q35, 34L40

description: We discuss spectral properties of an periodic quantum graph consisting of an array of rings coupled either tightly or loosely through connecting links, assuming that the vertex coupling is manifestly non-invariant with respect to the time reversal and a homogeneous magnetic field perpendicular to the graph plane is present. It is shown that the vertex parity determines the spectral behavior at high energies and the Band-Berkolaiko universality holds whenever the edges are incommensurate. The magnetic field influences the probability that an energy belongs to the spectrum in the tight-chain case, and also it can turn some spectral bands into infinitely degenerate eigenvalues.
description: 30 pages, 15 figures
Some counterexamples to the central limit theorem for random rotations
Creators: name: Czudek, Klaudiusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37A50, 60F05

description: Fix an irrational number $α$, and consider a random walk on the circle in which at each step one moves to $x+α$ or $x-α$ with probabilities $1/2, 1/2$ provided the current position is $x$. If an observable is given we can study a process called an additive functional of this random walk. One can formulate certain relations between the regularity of the observable and the Diophantine properties of $α$ implying the central limit theorem. It is proven here that for every Liouville angle there exists a smooth observable such that the central limit theorem fails. We construct also a Liouville angle such that the central limit theorem fails with some analytic observable. For Diophantine angles some counterexample is given as well. An interesting question remained open.
description: 14 pages, no figures; exposition of main theorems and proofs improved, one new theorem added (Theorem 3), small mistakes corrected, the way of proving CLT (Section 2) is changed, section with open problems is deleted; accepted in Journal of Statistical Physics
Biological and behavioural parameters for 3-dimensional biophysical dispersal model from Dispersal and population connectivity are phenotype dependent in a marine metapopulation.
Creators: name: Fobert, Emily K.
name: Treml, Eric A.
name: Swearer, Stephen E.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Larval dispersal is a key process determining population connectivity, metapopulation dynamics, and community structure in benthic marine ecosystems, yet the biophysical complexity of dispersal is not well understood. In this study, we investigate the interaction between disperser phenotype and hydrodynamics on larval dispersal pathways, using a temperate reef fish species, Trachinops caudimaculatus. We assessed the influence of larval traits on depth distribution and dispersal outcomes by: (i) using 24-h depth-stratified ichthyoplankton sampling, (ii) quantifying individual phenotypes using larval growth histories extracted from the sagittal otoliths of individual larvae, and (iii) simulating potential dispersal outcomes based on the empirical distribution of larval phenotypes and an advanced biological-physical ocean model. We found T. caudimaculatus larvae were vertically stratified with respect to phenotype, with high-quality phenotypes found in the bottom two depth strata, and poor-quality phenotypes found primarily at the surface. Our model showed high- and average-quality larvae experienced significantly higher local retention (more than double) and self-recruitment, and travelled shorter distances relative to poor-quality larvae. As populations are only connected when dispersers survive long enough to reproduce, determining how larval phenotype influences dispersal outcomes will be important for improving our understanding of marine population connectivity and persistence.
Induced Modifications to the Tumor Microenvironment Via Micellar Drug Delivery Systems as a Mode of Cancer Treatment
Creators: name: Fussell, Sloane
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: About 40% of patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have stage IV cancer at the time of diagnosis, correlating to only a 7% five-year survival rate. Similarly, triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) has a high rate of diagnosis at stage IV, with a 22% five-year survival rate. The only viable treatment options for metastatic disease are systemic chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Nonetheless, chemoresistance remains a major cause of chemotherapy failure. New immunotherapeutic modalities such as anti– PD-1 immune checkpoint blockade have shown promise; however, response to such strategies is highly variable across patients. Here, we show that our unique poly(2- oxazoline)–based nanomicellar formulation (PM) of Resiquimod, an imidazoquinoline Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7/8 agonist, had a superior tumor inhibitory effect in a metastatic model of lung adenocarcinoma, relative to anti–PD-1 therapy or platinum-based chemotherapy. We also begin to investigate the capability of SB525334 PM, a transforming growth factor beta receptor (TGFBR) inhibitor, to inhibit a model of mammary carcinoma. Investigation of the in vivo immune status following Resiquimod PM treatment showed that Resiquimod-based stimulation of antigen-presenting cells in the tumor microenvironment resulted in the mobilization of an antitumor CD8+ immune response. Our study demonstrates the promise of poly(2-oxazoline)-formulated Resiquimod for treating metastatic NSCLC, and provides new directions for SB525334 formulations.
Tensor space representations of Temperley-Lieb algebra and generalized permutation matrices
Creators: name: Bytsko, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Orthogonal projections in ${\mathbb C}^n \otimes {\mathbb C}^n$ of rank one and rank two that give rise to unitary tensor space representations of the Temperley-Lieb algebra $TL_N(Q)$ are considered. In the rank one case, a complete classification of solutions is given. In the rank two case, solutions with $Q$ varying in the ranges $[2n/3,\infty)$ and $[n/\sqrt{2},\infty)$ are constructed for $n=3k$ and $n=4k$, $k \in {\mathbb N}$, respectively.
description: 19 pages, LaTex
Holographic Coarse-Graining: Correlators from the Entanglement Wedge and Other Reduced Geometries
Creators: name: Guijosa, Alberto
name: Olivas, Yaithd D.
name: Pedraza, Juan F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is some tension between two well-known ideas in holography. On the one hand, subregion duality asserts that the reduced density matrix associated with a limited region of the boundary theory is dual to a correspondingly limited region in the bulk, known as the entanglement wedge. On the other hand, correlators that in the boundary theory can be computed solely with that density matrix are calculated in the bulk via the GKPW or BDHM prescriptions, which require input from beyond the entanglement wedge. We show that this tension is resolved by recognizing that the reduced state is only fully identified when the entanglement wedge is supplemented with a specific infrared boundary action, associated with an end-of-the-world brane. This action is obtained by coarse-graining through a variant of Wilsonian integration, a procedure that we call holographic rememorization, which can also be applied to define other reduced density or transition matrices, as well as more general reduced partition functions. We find an interesting connection with AdS/BCFT, and, in this context, we are led to a simple example of an equivalence between an ensemble of theories and a single theory, as discussed in recent studies of the black hole information problem.
description: 39+15 pages, 8 figures, v2: references and 2 paragraphs added, typos corrected
Nonlocal Kernel Network (NKN): a Stable and Resolution-Independent Deep Neural Network
Creators: name: You, Huaiqian
name: Yu, Yue
name: D'Elia, Marta
name: Gao, Tian
name: Silling, Stewart
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Neural operators have recently become popular tools for designing solution maps between function spaces in the form of neural networks. Differently from classical scientific machine learning approaches that learn parameters of a known partial differential equation (PDE) for a single instance of the input parameters at a fixed resolution, neural operators approximate the solution map of a family of PDEs. Despite their success, the uses of neural operators are so far restricted to relatively shallow neural networks and confined to learning hidden governing laws. In this work, we propose a novel nonlocal neural operator, which we refer to as nonlocal kernel network (NKN), that is resolution independent, characterized by deep neural networks, and capable of handling a variety of tasks such as learning governing equations and classifying images. Our NKN stems from the interpretation of the neural network as a discrete nonlocal diffusion reaction equation that, in the limit of infinite layers, is equivalent to a parabolic nonlocal equation, whose stability is analyzed via nonlocal vector calculus. The resemblance with integral forms of neural operators allows NKNs to capture long-range dependencies in the feature space, while the continuous treatment of node-to-node interactions makes NKNs resolution independent. The resemblance with neural ODEs, reinterpreted in a nonlocal sense, and the stable network dynamics between layers allow for generalization of NKN's optimal parameters from shallow to deep networks. This fact enables the use of shallow-to-deep initialization techniques. Our tests show that NKNs outperform baseline methods in both learning governing equations and image classification tasks and generalize well to different resolutions and depths.
(1022) Freeman Whatmoor
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Entrainment, diffusion and effective compressibility in a self-similar turbulent jet
Creators: name: Basset, Thomas
name: Viggiano, Bianca
name: Barois, Thomas
name: Gibert, Mathieu
name: Mordant, Nicolas
name: Cal, Raúl Bayoán
name: Volk, Romain
name: Bourgoin, Mickaël
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An experimental Lagrangian study based on particle tracking velocimetry has been completed in an incompressible turbulent round water jet freely spreading into water. The jet is seeded with tracers only through the nozzle: inhomogeneous seeding called nozzle seeding. The Lagrangian flow tagged by these tracers therefore does not contain any contribution from particles entrained into the jet from the quiescent surrounding fluid. The mean velocity field of the nozzle seeded flow, $\langle \boldsymbol{U_φ} \rangle$, is found to be essentially indistinguishable from the global mean velocity field of the jet, $\langle \boldsymbol{U} \rangle$, for the axial velocity while significant deviations are found for the radial velocity. This results in an effective compressibility of the nozzle seeded flow for which $\boldsymbol{\nabla \cdot} \langle \boldsymbol{U_φ} \rangle \neq 0$ even though the global background flow is fully incompressible. By using mass conservation and self-similarity, we quantitatively explain the modified radial velocity profile and analytically express the missing contribution associated to entrained fluid particles. By considering a classical advection-diffusion description, we explicitly connect turbulent diffusion of mass (through the turbulent diffusivity $K_T$) and momentum (through the turbulent viscosity $ν_T$) to entrainment. This results in new practical relations to experimentally determine the non-uniform spatial profiles of $K_T$ and $ν_T$ (and hence of the turbulent Prandtl number $σ_T = ν_T/K_T$) from simple measurements of the mean tracer concentration and axial velocity profiles. Overall, the proposed approach based on nozzle seeded flow gives new experimental and theoretical elements for a better comprehension of turbulent diffusion and entrainment in turbulent jets.
description: Submitted to Journal of Fluid Mechanics
MARİO LEVİ'NİN ROMANLARINDA KENT VE ÖTEKİLİK
Creators: name: Okçul, Mustafa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Mario Levi, Kent, Ötekilik

description: Bu çalışmada Türkiye’deki azınlık edebiyatının son dönemdeki en önemli temsilcilerinden olan Mario Levi’nin romanlarındaki kent ve ötekilik olgusu incelenmiştir. Bu yüzden yazarın inceleme kapsamındaki romanları, içerik bakımından değerlendirilmiştir.
 ‘Mario Levi’nin Romanlarında Kent ve Ötekilik’ başlıklı bu çalışma, üç ana bölümden oluşmaktadır. ‘Giriş’ bölümünde önce kent kavramı, tarihsel seyir içindeki oluşumu ve onu etkileyen unsurlar irdelenmiştir. Daha sonra ötekilik kavramı incelenerek; tanımı, ortaya çıkışı, kuramsal açıdan ele alınışı ve türleri üzerinde durulmuştur.
 Çalışmanın ‘Mario Levi’nin Romanlarında Kent ve Ötekilik’ başlıklı bölümü, tezin inceleme bölümünü oluşturmaktadır. Bu bölümde Mario Levi’nin İstanbul Bir Masaldı, Lunapark Kapandı ve Karanlık Çökerken Neredeydiniz adlı romanları, önce İstanbul kenti bağlamında, daha sonra İstanbul azınlıklarının kültürel, dilsel, siyasal, etnik ve dinsel ötekilikleri bağlamında incelenmiştir. Ayrıca bu çalışmada romanların diğer içerik ve anlatım özellikleri de ele alınmıştır.
 ‘Sonuç’ bölümü, çalışmanın üçüncü ve son bölümüdür. Önceki bölümde edebi ölçütler doğrultusunda yapılan incelemeyle saptanan bulgular, bu bölümde bir bütün olarak kısaca ele alınmıştır.
An Ammonia Spectral Map of the L1495-B218 Filaments in the Taurus Molecular Cloud : I. Physical Properties of Filaments and Dense cores
Creators: name: Seo, Young Min
name: Shirley, Yancy L.
name: Goldsmith, Paul
name: Ward-Thompson, Derek
name: Kirk, Jason M.
name: Schmalzl, Markus
name: Lee, Jeong-Eun
name: Friesen, Rachel
name: Langston, Glen
name: Masters, Joe
name: Garwood, Robert W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present deep NH$_3$ observations of the L1495-B218 filaments in the Taurus molecular cloud covering over a 3 degree angular range using the K-band focal plane array on the 100m Green Bank Telescope. The L1495-B218 filaments form an interconnected, nearby, large complex extending over 8 pc. We observed NH$_3$ (1,1) and (2,2) with a spectral resolution of 0.038 km/s and a spatial resolution of 31$"$. Most of the ammonia peaks coincide with intensity peaks in dust continuum maps at 350 $μ$m and 500 $μ$m. We deduced physical properties by fitting a model to the observed spectra. We find gas kinetic temperatures of 8 $-$ 15 K, velocity dispersions of 0.05 $-$ 0.25 km/s, and NH$_3$ column densities of 5$\times$10$^{12}$ $-$ 1$\times$10$^{14}$ cm$^{-2}$. The CSAR algorithm, which is a hybrid of seeded-watershed and binary dendrogram algorithms, identifies a total of 55 NH$_3$ structures including 39 leaves and 16 branches. The masses of the NH$_3$ sources range from 0.05 M$_\odot$ to 9.5 M$_\odot$. The masses of NH$_3$ leaves are mostly smaller than their corresponding virial mass estimated from their internal and gravitational energies, which suggests these leaves are gravitationally unbound structures. 9 out of 39 NH$_3$ leaves are gravitationally bound and 7 out of 9 gravitationally bound NH$_3$ leaves are associated with star formation. We also found that 12 out of 30 gravitationally unbound leaves are pressure-confined. Our data suggest that a dense core may form as a pressure-confined structure, evolve to a gravitationally bound core, and undergo collapse to form a protostar.
description: ApJ Accepted
Barjols, place de la Rouguière, des badauds s'attardent à la terrasse du café de l'Europe
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2024

Abstract
Comparing the Meta-Proteomic Composition of Fermented Yeast Plant Proteome
Creators: name: Sirdeshmukh, Sidharth
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Beer commonly contains proteins such as hordeins, non-specific lipid-transfer protein 1 (LTP-1), and protein Z. The normal physiological functions of these proteins include seed storage and lipid transfer, but in beer they influence desirable beverage characteristics like head foam, aroma, and the formation of chill haze. Prior beer proteomics studies have detected variations in barley protein content across different brewing stages while others have observed changes due to known behavior of yeasts (ie. flocculation). Previous studies have mainly assessed samples brewed under lab conditions. Our study, in a departure from earlier studies, addresses the gap in research examining the proteome profiles of commercial beers. We compare the abundance of specific proteins in multiple species across different types of beer and cider to determine the proteomic impact of brewing conditions and ingredients by comparing the proteins in our beer and cider samples to data from previously published studies. We isolated proteins from our samples by performing a sample preparation protocol developed by the Protein Research Group (PRG), a subgroup of the Association of Biomolecular Resources Facilities (ABRF). Once peptides were cleaned, quantified, and recovered we analyzed samples by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis at the UNC Proteomics Core Facility. We assessed our proteomic workflow by comparing the number of proteins we identified with other beer proteomics datasets. Protocol validity and reproducibility was assessed through PCA plots and Pearson correlations among sample replicates. Overrepresentation analysis of yeast proteins highlights functional biological pathways that contribute to desirable protein expression and correspond to yeast genes. We studied other ingredient-related effects by comparing protein abundances of barley and yeast proteins previously explored by beer proteomic literature to make predictions about beer quality. This allowed us to evaluate differences in sample preparation and LC-MS methods, as well as to compare beer protein results with the other 50 participants of the ABRF PRG beer study from around the world. Our research will contribute to the growing body of research in the field of beer proteomics.
Supplementary Methods from Dispersal and population connectivity are phenotype dependent in a marine metapopulation
Creators: name: Fobert, Emily K.
name: Treml, Eric A.
name: Swearer, Stephen E.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Larval dispersal is a key process determining population connectivity, metapopulation dynamics and community structure in benthic marine ecosystems, yet the biophysical complexity of dispersal is not well understood. In this study, we investigate the interaction between disperser phenotype and hydrodynamics on larval dispersal pathways, using a temperate reef fish species, Trachinops caudimaculatus. We assessed the influence of larval traits on depth distribution and dispersal outcomes by: (i) using 24-h depth-stratified ichthyoplankton sampling; (ii) quantifying individual phenotypes using larval growth histories extracted from the sagittal otoliths of individual larvae; and (iii) simulating potential dispersal outcomes based on the empirical distribution of larval phenotypes and an advanced biological-physical ocean model. We found T. caudimaculatus larvae were vertically stratified with respect to phenotype, with high-quality phenotypes found in the bottom two depth strata, and poor-quality phenotypes found primarily at the surface. Our model showed high- and average-quality larvae experienced significantly higher local retention (more than double) and self-recruitment, and travelled shorter distances relative to poor-quality larvae. As populations are only connected when dispersers survive long enough to reproduce, determining how larval phenotype influences dispersal outcomes will be important for improving our understanding of marine population connectivity and persistence.
Frequency-momentum representation of moving breathers in a two dimensional hexagonal lattice
Creators: name: Bajārs, Jānis
name: Archilla, Juan F. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study nonlinear excitations propagating in a hexagonal layer which is a model for the cation layer of silicates. We consider their properties in the frequency-momentum or $ω-k$ representation, extending the theory on pterobreathers in their moving frame for the first time to two dimensions. It can also be easily extended to three dimensions. Exact traveling waves in the $ω-k$ representation are within {\em resonant} planes, each plane corresponding in the moving frame to a single frequency. These frequencies are integer multiples of a frequency called the fundamental frequency. A breather is within a resonant plane called the breather plane and has a single frequency in the moving frame. The intersection of the resonant planes with the phonon surfaces produce co-traveling wings with a small set of frequencies. The traveling waves obtained by perturbing the system consist of a breather and a soliton traveling together and are quasi-exact. These traveling waves can be used as seeds to obtain exact traveling waves, also formed by a breather and a soliton. The wings do exist but they are usually very small.
description: 22 pages, 14 figures
Entanglement in De Sitter Space
Creators: name: Shaghoulian, Edgar
name: Susskind, Leonard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper expands on two recent proposals, \cite{Susskind:2021dfc}\cite{Susskind:2021esx} and \cite{Shaghoulian:2021cef}, for generalizing the Ryu-Takayanagi and Hubeny-Rangamani-Takayanagi formulas to de Sitter space. The proposals (called the monolayer and bilayer proposals) are similar; both replace the boundary of AdS by the boundaries of static-patches--in other words event horizons. After stating the rules for each, we apply them to a number of cases and show that they yield results expected on other grounds. The monolayer and bilayer proposals often give the same results, but in one particular situation they disagree. To definitively decide between them we need to understand more about the nature of the thermodynamic limit of holographic systems.
description: 26 pages, many figures
Harnessing S-Duality in $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM & Supergravity as $SL(2,\mathbb{Z})$-Averaged Strings
Creators: name: Collier, Scott
name: Perlmutter, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a new approach to extracting the physical consequences of S-duality of four-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=4$ super Yang-Mills (SYM) and its string theory dual, based on $SL(2,\mathbb{Z})$ spectral theory. We observe that CFT observables $\mathcal{O}$, invariant under $SL(2,\mathbb{Z})$ transformations of a complexified gauge coupling $τ$, admit a unique spectral decomposition into a basis of square-integrable functions. This formulation has direct implications for the analytic structure of $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM data, both perturbatively and non-perturbatively in all parameters. For example, $k$-instanton sectors are uniquely determined by the zero- and one-instanton sectors, and Borel summable series around $k$-instantons have convergence radii with simple $k$-dependence. In large $N$ limits, we derive the existence and scaling of non-perturbative effects, which we exhibit for certain $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM observables. An elegant benchmark for these techniques is the integrated four-point function conjecturally determined by [arXiv:2102.09537] for all $τ$ for $SU(N)$ gauge group; we derive and elucidate its form. These results have ramifications for holography. We explain how $\langle\mathcal{O}\rangle$, the ensemble average over the $\mathcal{N}=4$ supersymmetric conformal manifold with respect to the Zamolodchikov measure, is cleanly isolated by the spectral decomposition. We prove that the large $N$ limit of $\langle\mathcal{O}\rangle$ equals the large $N$, large 't Hooft coupling limit of $\mathcal{O}$. Holographically speaking, $\langle\mathcal{O}\rangle = \mathcal{O}_{\rm sugra}$, its value in type IIB supergravity on AdS$_5 \times$ S$^5$. This result, which extends to all orders in $1/N$, embeds ensemble averaging into the traditional AdS/CFT paradigm. The statistics of the $SL(2,\mathbb{Z})$ ensemble exhibit both perturbative and non-perturbative $1/N$ effects.
description: 77 pages + refs. v2: added refs, fixed typos, some reorganization/clarifications in Sections 11 and 12. v3: added refs, minor changes
Racial Disparities in Maternal Care: Causation and Preventative Strategies. A Literature Review.
Creators: name: Caroline Sargent
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Approximately 700 women die from pregnancy-related complications in the United States every year (Petersen et al, 2019). Maternal mortality trends have steadily increased over the past 20 years reaching alarming rates. Even more alarming is the racial disparity becoming evident through Severe maternal morbidity (SMM) data collected by the CDC. The Pregnancy-Related Mortality Ratio (PRMR) for black women is approximately 4-5 times higher than white women in the United States (Center for Disease Control, 2019). There are various causative factors that contribute to negative health outcomes including but not limited to social determinants of health, access to prenatal care and education, implicit bias of providers, and systemic racism. The aim of this review is to categorize causative factors that influence high PRMRs of black women and identify effective prevention strategies to reduce this racial disparity (Petersen et al, 2019). Multiple databases were used to conduct this review including PubMed, CINAHL, and Google Scholar. Twelve sources met the inclusion criteria for this literature review. All articles were published between 2015-2021 with exception to one cohort study from 2005. The literature review categorizes different causative factors of high maternal mortality rates among black women in America into themes of patient, community, provider, and hospital facility. It is evident that systemic racism and implicit bias have a large effect on the maternal care in the United States causing this racial disparity. The implicit biases of providers affect how they interact with, care for, and treat patients which can lead to mistrust in the patient-provider relationship and misdiagnosis of health conditions. The results of this literature review attempt to organize causation and create a multi-level approach for implementing effective preventative strategies.
Cosmological 21cm line observations to test scenarios of super-Eddington accretion on to black holes being seeds of high-redshifted supermassive black holes
Creators: name: Kohri, Kazunori
name: Sekiguchi, Toyokazu
name: Wang, Sai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study scenarios of the super-Eddington accretion onto black holes at high redshifts $z > 10$, which are expected to be seeds to evolve to supermassive black holes until redshift $z \sim 7$. For an initial mass, $M_{\rm BH, ini} \lesssim 2 \times 10^{3} M_{\odot}$ of a seed BH, we definitely need the super-Eddington accretion, which can be applicable to both astrophysical and primordial origins. Such an accretion disk inevitably emitted high-energy photons which had heated the cosmological plasma of the inter-galactic medium continuously from high redshifts. In this case, the cosmic history of cosmological gas temperature is modified, by which the absorption feature of the cosmological 21 cm lines is suppressed. By comparing theoretical predictions of the 21cm line absorption with the observational data at $z\sim17$, we obtain a cosmological upper bound on the mass-accretion rate as a function of the seed BH masses. In order to realize $M_{\rm BH} \sim 10^9 M_{\odot}$ at $z \sim 7$ by a continuous mass-accretion on to a seed BH, to be consistent with the cosmological 21cm line absorption at $z \sim 17$, we obtained an severe upper bound on the initial mass of the seed BH to be $M_{\rm BH, ini} \lesssim 10^2 M_{\odot}$ ($M_{\rm BH, ini} \lesssim 10^6 M_{\odot}$) when we assume a seed BH with its comoving number density $n_{\rm seed,0} \sim 10^{-3} {\rm Mpc}^{-3}$ ($n_{\rm seed,0} \sim 10^{-7} {\rm Mpc}^{-3}$). We also discuss some implications for application to primordial black holes as the seed black holes.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Kundt solutions of Minimal Massive 3D Gravity
Creators: name: Deger, Nihat Sadik
name: Sarioglu, Ozgur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct Kundt solutions of Minimal Massive Gravity theory and show that, similar to Topologically Massive Gravity (TMG), most of them are constant scalar invariant (CSI) spacetimes, that correspond to deformations of round and warped (A)dS. We also find an explicit non-CSI Kundt solution at the merger point. Finally, we give their algebraic classification with respect to the traceless Ricci tensor (Segre classification) and show that their Segre-types match with the types of their counterparts in TMG.
description: 18 pages, no figures; ver. 2: a new (explicit, exact) non-CSI solution has been added, main text improved and references updated 20 pages, no figures; ver. 3: version accepted for publication in Physical Review D
(1018) Emmie Clayton
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(1020) John St. Lawrence
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
P-T phase diagram of a holographic s+p model from Gauss-Bonnet gravity
Creators: name: Nie, Zhang-Yu
name: Zeng, Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study the holographic s+p model in 5-dimensional bulk gravity with the Gauss-Bonnet term. We work in the probe limit and give the $Δ$-T phase diagrams at three different values of the Gauss-Bonnet coefficient to show the effect of the Gauss-Bonnet term. We also construct the P-T phase diagrams for the holographic system using two different definitions of the pressure and compare the results.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures, we have added new P-T phase diagrams with the pressure defined in boundary stress-energy tensor
(1017) Mary St. Lawrence
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Targeted sensitivity analysis from Dispersal and population connectivity are phenotype dependent in a marine metapopulation.
Creators: name: Fobert, Emily K.
name: Treml, Eric A.
name: Swearer, Stephen E.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Larval dispersal is a key process determining population connectivity, metapopulation dynamics, and community structure in benthic marine ecosystems, yet the biophysical complexity of dispersal is not well understood. In this study, we investigate the interaction between disperser phenotype and hydrodynamics on larval dispersal pathways, using a temperate reef fish species, Trachinops caudimaculatus. We assessed the influence of larval traits on depth distribution and dispersal outcomes by: (i) using 24-h depth-stratified ichthyoplankton sampling, (ii) quantifying individual phenotypes using larval growth histories extracted from the sagittal otoliths of individual larvae, and (iii) simulating potential dispersal outcomes based on the empirical distribution of larval phenotypes and an advanced biological-physical ocean model. We found T. caudimaculatus larvae were vertically stratified with respect to phenotype, with high-quality phenotypes found in the bottom two depth strata, and poor-quality phenotypes found primarily at the surface. Our model showed high- and average-quality larvae experienced significantly higher local retention (more than double) and self-recruitment, and travelled shorter distances relative to poor-quality larvae. As populations are only connected when dispersers survive long enough to reproduce, determining how larval phenotype influences dispersal outcomes will be important for improving our understanding of marine population connectivity and persistence.
A Situational Analysis of Emotion Regulation: Exploring the Role of Emotion-by-Strategy Associations in Regulating Negative Affect
Creators: name: Wahlers, Justin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Prior research has shown that people tend to associate specific emotions with specific emotion regulation strategies (Leshin, Sheeran, & Lindquist, in prep). This study tested the hypothesis that these emotion-strategy (E x S) associations influence the efficacy of people’s use of specific emotion regulation strategies when people are asked to use those strategies to regulate specific emotions. We specifically examined E x S associations between emotion regulation strategies reappraisal and suppression and the emotion categories fear and sadness. Online participants (N = 188) were first asked to indicate the extent to which they associate reappraisal or suppression with regulating fear and sadness using a 5-point Likert scale (1 = not at all, 5 = a lot). They were then exposed to fear- and sadness-eliciting images and were instructed across trials to regulate their emotions using both cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression; all participants were trained on emotion regulation strategies before any experimental trials were administered. Regulation blocks (Reappraisal, Suppression, and View [Control] and emotion conditions (Fear, Sadness) were randomly presented. We operationalized E x S associations as the difference between the extent to which fear was associated with a particular emotion regulation strategy (e.g., reappraisal) and the extent to which sadness was associated with said emotion regulation strategy. We found partial evidence for our hypothesis. As expected, participants who associate sadness with suppression more than fear were more likely to report reduced sadness intensity when suppressing responses to sad (v. fear)-eliciting stimuli. We did not find that associating reappraisal with either emotion predicted reappraisal success to either emotion. This study provides initial experimental support for the hypothesis that context-dependent emotion knowledge is related to emotion regulation efficacy.
Parametrisation of target heat flux distribution and study of transport parameters for boundary modelling in W7-X
Creators: name: Bold, David
name: Reimold, Felix
name: Niemann, Holger
name: Gao, Yu
name: Jakubowski, Marcin
name: Killer, Carsten
name: Winters, Victoria R.
name: team, the W7-X
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modelling the scrape-off layer of a stellarator is challenging due to the complex magnetic 3D geometry. The here presented study analyses simulations of the scrape-off layer (SOL) of the stellarator Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) using the EMC3-EIRENE code for the magnetic standard configuration. Comparing with experimental observations, the transport model is validated. Based on the experimentally observed strike line width, the anomalous transport coefficients, used as input to the code are determined to around $0.2\,$m$^2/$s. This is however in disagreement with upstream measurements, where such small cross-field transport leads to temperatures higher than measured experimentally.