cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Information Theoretic Models of Social Interaction
Creators: name: Salge, Christoph
Publisher: name: University of Hertfordshire
Year: 2013
Subjects: information theory
relevant information
social interaction
multi-agent modelling
Bayes' Theorem

description: This dissertation demonstrates, in a non-semantic information-theoretic framework, how the principles of \maximisation of relevant information" and \information parsimony" can guide the adaptation of an agent towards agent-agent interaction. Central to this thesis is the concept of digested information; I argue that an agent is intrinsically motivated to a.) process the relevant information in its environment and b.) display this information in its own actions. From the perspective of similar agents, who require similar information, this di erentiates other agents from the rest of the environment, by virtue of the information they provide. This provides an informational incentive to observe other agents and integrate their information into one's own decision making process. This process is formalized in the framework of information theory, which allows for a quantitative treatment of the resulting e ects, speci cally how the digested information of an agent is in uenced by several factors, such as the agent's performance and the integrated information of other agents. Two speci c phenomena based on information maximisation arise in this thesis. One is ocking behaviour similar to boids that results when agents are searching for a location in a girdworld and integrated the information in other agent's actions via Bayes' Theorem. The other is an e ect where integrating information from too many agents becomes detrimental to an agent's performance, for which several explanations are provided.
Integrating Dynamical Systems Modeling with Spatiotemporal scRNA-seq Data Analysis
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhenyi
name: Sun, Yuhao
name: Peng, Qiangwei
name: Li, Tiejun
name: Zhou, Peijie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the dynamic nature of biological systems is fundamental to deciphering cellular behavior, developmental processes, and disease progression. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has provided static snapshots of gene expression, offering valuable insights into cellular states at a single time point. Recent advancements in temporally resolved scRNA-seq, spatial transcriptomics (ST), and time-series spatial transcriptomics (temporal-ST) have further revolutionized our ability to study the spatiotemporal dynamics of individual cells. These technologies, when combined with computational frameworks such as Markov chains, stochastic differential equations (SDEs), and generative models like optimal transport and Schrödinger bridges, enable the reconstruction of dynamic cellular trajectories and cell fate decisions. This review discusses how these dynamical system approaches offer new opportunities to model and infer cellular dynamics from a systematic perspective.
Safety Measures to Reduce Medication Administration Errors in Paediatric Intensive Care Unit
Creators: name: Ameer, Ahmed
Publisher: name: UH Research Archive
Year: 2015
Subjects: medication administration errors
children's hospital
safety measures
medication safety

description: Objective: Medicine administration is the last process of the medication cycle. However, errors can happen during this process. Children are at an increased risk from these errors. This has been extensively investigated but evidence is lacking on effective interventions. Therefore, the aim of this research is to propose safety measures to reduce medication administration errors (MAE) in the Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU). Method: The research was carried out over five studies; 1) systematic literature review, 2) national survey of PICU medication error interventions, 3) retrospective analysis of medication error incidents, 4) prospective observation of the administration practice, and 5) survey of PICU healthcare professionals’ opinions on MAE contributory factors and safety measures. Results: Hospital MAE in children found in literature accounted for a mean of 50% of all reported medication error reports (n= 12552). It was also identified in a mean of 29% of doses observed (n= 8894). This study found MAE retrospectively in 43% of all medication incidents (n= 412). Additionally, a total of 269 MAEs were observed (32% per dose observation). The characteristics of the interventions used to reduce MAE are diverse but it illustrated that a single approach is not enough. Also for an intervention to be a success it is fundamental to build a safety culture. This is achieved by developing a culture of collaborative learning from errors without assigning blame. Furthermore, MAE contributing factors were found to include; interruptions, inadequate resources, working conditions and no pre-prepared infusions. The following safety measures were proposed to reduce MAE; 1) dose banding, 2) improved lighting conditions, 3) decision support tool with calculation aid, 4) use of pre-prepared infusions, 5) enhance the double-checking process, 6) medicine administration checklist, and 7) an intolerant culture to interruption. Conclusion: This is one of the first comprehensive study of to explore MAE in PICU from different perspectives. The aim and objectives of the research were fulfilled. Future research includes the need to implement the proposed safety measures and evaluate them in practice.
Figure S3 from Pay-off-biased social learning underlies the diffusion of novel extractive foraging traditions in a wild primate
Creators: name: Barrett, Brendan J.
name: McElreath, Richard L.
name: Perry, Susan E.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Daily average mean probability of choosing a processing technique. All plots are for each unique individual with the exception of the top left plot which is the population mean average. ID codes are in upper left hand corner. Numbers below ID codes are year of birth for each individual. The top left is population mean panel is a model estimate of the commonly observed diffusion curve seen in many social learning studies; note how it does not accurately represent most individuals in the population.
Supplemental Materials from Pay-off-biased social learning underlies the diffusion of novel extractive foraging traditions in a wild primate
Creators: name: Barrett, Brendan J.
name: McElreath, Richard L.
name: Perry, Susan E.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The type and variety of learning strategies used by individuals to acquire behaviours in the wild are poorly understood, despite the presence of behavioural traditions in diverse taxa. Social learning strategies such as conformity can be broadly adaptive, but may also retard the spread of adaptive innovations. Strategies like pay-off-biased learning, by contrast, are effective at diffusing new behaviour but may perform poorly when adaptive behaviour is common. We present a field experiment in a wild primate, Cebus capucinus, that introduced a novel food item and documented the innovation and diffusion of successful extraction techniques. We develop a multilevel, Bayesian statistical analysis that allows us to quantify individual-level evidence for different social and individual learning strategies. We find that pay-off-biased and age-biased social learning are primarily responsible for the diffusion of new techniques. We find no evidence of conformity; instead rare techniques receive slightly increased attention. We also find substantial and important variation in individual learning strategies that is patterned by age, with younger individuals being more influenced by both social information and their own individual experience. The aggregate cultural dynamics in turn depend upon the variation in learning strategies and the age structure of the wild population.
Parents’ experiences of being abused by their adolescent children: an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis Study of Adolescent-to-Parent Violence and Abuse
Creators: name: Clarke, Kerry Rose
Publisher: name: UH Research Archive
Year: 2016
Subjects: parent
child
adolescent
violence
abuse
IPA

description: Background: Adolescent-to-Parent Violence and Abuse (APVA) continues to be one of the most hidden forms of family-abuse, remaining unrecognised at a policy level and under-researched at a theoretical level, especially in the United Kingdom. Although research has started to emerge, much of this has focussed on mapping the nature and extent of the phenomena with limited attention given to parents’ lived experiences of parenting in the context of the adolescent child-to-parent abuse dynamic, which this study attempts to address. Given the complexities of accessing parent-victims of APVA, qualitative researchers have employed somewhat innovative methods, though Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) as used within the present study has been relatively overlooked having not been previously used in the UK, highlighting the need for additional research from wider perspectives into the area. Aim: With this in mind, the current study aimed to explore the lived experience of parents who describe being violently and/or abused by their adolescent child to gather a richer understanding of how adolescent-to-parent violence and abuse impacts upon the parenting experience. Method: This research employed a qualitative design using semi-structured interviews with 6 parents (5 mothers and 1 father); the majority of whom were in their early to late 40’s. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was used to develop a rich and multi-layered account of participants’ experiences. Results: The analysis produced four superordinate themes. These were: ‘Not knowing and the search for answers’: Needing to understand, ‘“I love him but I don’t like him”: Facing and avoiding complex emotions’, ‘“Like playing chess with the grand master”: Parenting amidst abuse’ and “I won’t be defined by fear”: Temporality and seeking change’. The superordinate themes and corresponding subordinate themes are discussed in relation to the relevant literature. Clinical implications, methodological considerations and directions for future research are also presented. Implications: This research provided insight into the lived experience of being a parent within an APVA dynamic. The research highlighted the challenges faced by parents as they maintain parental responsibility for a child who is perceptibly abusing them and the ways that the current systems and absence of policy serve to maintain this dynamic. It also emphasised the importance of how parents seek to identify causation as a way of negating parental blame and the associated experience of shame which emerged as underpinning wider complex emotions, particularly fear. It also highlighted the need for timely and specific guidance, support and interventions to parents who experience this unique yet increasingly reported form of family-abuse from a Clinical Psychology and wider professional perspective.
Consistency of distributed preference relations
Creators: name: Fu, Chao
name: Chang, Wenjun
name: Liu, Weiyong
name: Yang, Shanlin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Distributed preference relation (DPR) is a way to simultaneously characterize the preferred, nonpreferred, indifferent, and global ignorance degrees of one alternative over another. To make DPRs applicable in decision-making, the consistency of DPRs is addressed in this paper. Under the assumption that any two DPRs on a set of alternatives are independent of each other, four rules regarding the relationship between alternatives are designed to develop the transitivity of three DPRs. By considering eight cases of relationship between two grades from two DPRs, an abstract function is defined to combine the two grades. With the abstract function, the consistency of three DPRs is developed. Three consistent DPRs are theoretically proven to be transitive. A multiple criteria group decision-making (MCGDM) process is developed based on the proposed consistency of the DPRs to analyze group decision-making problems, in which DPRs between neighboring alternatives and those between a specific pair of nonadjacent alternatives are required to be provided. The problem of selecting the associate head of the ultrasonic department of a tertiary hospital is analyzed using the MCGDM process to demonstrate the real application of the consistency of DPRs.
Figure S2 from Pay-off-biased social learning underlies the diffusion of novel extractive foraging traditions in a wild primate
Creators: name: Barrett, Brendan J.
name: McElreath, Richard L.
name: Perry, Susan E.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Posterior distributions of estimates of $\sigma$, the standard deviation of varying effects across all individuals. Dashed curves are the prior probabilities used to estimate each parameter.
Figure S5 from Pay-off-biased social learning underlies the diffusion of novel extractive foraging traditions in a wild primate
Creators: name: Barrett, Brendan J.
name: McElreath, Richard L.
name: Perry, Susan E.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Plot of incidences of focused, sustained observation of another capuchin (in each row) observing a panama foraging demonstrator. Older individuals are at the top of the graph. The x-axis is the event time of each fruit processed by a single individual. Each star indicated an observation event by the individual labelled on the y-axis.
Mineral chemistry analyses of the calc-silicate units and EPMA analytical conditions. Exhumation of a migmatite complex along a transpressive shear zone: inferences from the Variscan Juzbado–Penalva do Castelo Shear Zone (Central Iberian Zone)
Creators: name: Pereira, Inês
name: Dias, Rui
name: Santos, Telmo Bento Dos
name: Mata, João
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Mineral chemistry analyses of the calc-silicate units and EPMA analytical conditions.
Petrographic Synthesis. Exhumation of a migmatite complex along a transpressive shear zone: inferences from the Variscan Juzbado–Penalva do Castelo Shear Zone (Central Iberian Zone)
Creators: name: Pereira, Inês
name: Dias, Rui
name: Santos, Telmo Bento Dos
name: Mata, João
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Petrographic Synthesis
P–T modelling methodology. Exhumation of a migmatite complex along a transpressive shear zone: inferences from the Variscan Juzbado–Penalva do Castelo Shear Zone (Central Iberian Zone)
Creators: name: Pereira, Inês
name: Dias, Rui
name: Santos, Telmo Bento Dos
name: Mata, João
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: P–T modelling methodology
The Development of the British Conspiracy Thriller 1980-1990
Creators: name: Lynch, Paul
Publisher: name: UH Research Archive
Year: 2017
Subjects: Cold War
conspiracy film
1980s Britain
thriller genre
British intelligence
state security

description: This thesis adopts a cross-disciplinary approach to explore the development of the conspiracy thriller genre in British cinema during the 1980s. There is considerable academic interest in the Hollywood conspiracy cycle that emerged in America during the 1970s. Films such as The Parallax View (Pakula, 1975) and All the President’s Men (Pakula, 1976) are indicative of the genre, and sought to reflect public anxieties about perceived government misdeeds and misconduct within the security services. In Europe during the same period, directors Costa-Gavras and Francesco Rosi were exploring similar themes of state corruption and conspiracy in films such as State of Siege (1972) and Illustrious Corpses (1976). This thesis provides a comprehensive account of how a similar conspiracy cycle emerged in Britain in the following decade. We will examine the ways in which British film-makers used the conspiracy form to reflect public concerns about issues of defence and national security, and questioned the measures adopted by the British government and the intelligence community to combat Soviet subversion during the last decade of the Cold War. Unlike other research exploring espionage in British film and television, this research is concerned exclusively with the development of the conspiracy thriller genre in mainstream cinema. This has been achieved using three case studies: Defence of the Realm (Drury, 1986), The Whistle Blower (Langton, 1987) and The Fourth Protocol (MacKenzie, 1987). For each case study chapter, interviews have been conducted with the film-makers in order to gain insight into the aims and motivations that underpin each film. As well as employing these first-hand accounts of the production contexts, close analysis of film style is provided in order to understand the ways in which the British genre is informed stylistically by its Hollywood and European forebears. This means that for the first time, the British conspiracy cycle can be understood within a wider historical and cinematic context. Detractors of the conspiracy genre argue that it offers audiences a simplistic view of complex political events. We will reflect on this criticism and evaluate the extent to which the British films provide meaningful political comment within the conventions of mainstream cinema.
The Implementation and Administration of the New Poor Law in Hertfordshire c1830-1847
Creators: name: Rothery, Karen
Publisher: name: UH Research Archive
Year: 2017
Subjects: Hertfordshire
New Poor Law
Poor Law Administration
Poor Law Implementation
Poor Law Reform
Poor Law Commission
Assistant Poor Law Commissioners
Board of Guardians
Marquis of Salisbury
Hitchin
St Albans
Watford
Hatfield
Pauperism
Poor Law Unions
Nineteenth century

description: This research presents a regional study of the implementation of the 1834 Poor Law Amendment Act (commonly known as the New Poor Law) and its operation in Hertfordshire up to 1847. It examines the economic costs of poor relief across the whole of this rural southern county but it also adopts a microhistory approach to examine in detail how the New Poor Law was implemented and administered in four poor law unions: Hatfield, Hitchin, St Albans and Watford. This study makes national and intra-county comparisons of poor relief data, policy and practice. This research focuses on people as well as place and examines how different groups influenced poor law policy and practice. It makes an important finding about the role played by the second Marquis of Salisbury (a prominent Hertfordshire resident) in the review of the poor laws and the legislation that followed. At the local level this thesis explores the process of implementation and gives new emphasis to the contribution made by the assistant poor law commissioners to both process and policy in the initial years of the New Poor Law. This study is unusual in the attention given to the middlemen of the poor law machinery – the poor law guardians and poor law officers including: medical officers, workhouse masters, relieving officers and schoolmasters and mistresses. This detailed examination of the local guardians challenges the existing historiography on the social demography of this body of men, demonstrates that the influence of elite personnel persisted and adds new data to support the argument that the operation of the poor laws was not just regionally but locally diverse. The workhouse, so symbolic of the New Poor Law and an essential component of the deterrent ideology, is considered in the context of attitudes around its construction and capacity as well as its everyday operation. This thesis adds to the poor law historiography with new data on a previously under-researched area of the country; it provides new information on the development of poor law policy, but more importantly it draws attention to the role of the middlemen and how their individual contributions influenced poor law policy and practice.
Robot-Mediated Interviews: a Robotic Intermediary for Facilitating Communication with Children
Creators: name: Wood, Luke Jai
Publisher: name: UH Research Archive
Year: 2015
Subjects: children
disclosure
human-robot interaction
humanoid robots
interaction dynamics
interviews
social interaction

description: Robots have been used in a variety of education, therapy or entertainment contexts. This thesis introduces the novel application of using humanoid robots for Robot-Mediated Interviews (RMIs). In the initial stages of this research it was necessary to first establish as a baseline if children would respond to a robot in an interview setting, therefore the first study compared how children responded to a robot and a human in an interview setting. Following this successful initial investigation, the second study expanded on this research by examining how children would respond to different types and difficulty of questions from a robot compared to a human interviewer. Building on these studies, the third study investigated how a RMI approach would work for children with special needs. Following the positive results from the three studies indicating that a RMI approach may have some potential, three separate user panel sessions were organised with user groups that have expertise in working with children and for whom the system would be potentially useful in their daily work. The panel sessions were designed to gather feedback on the previous studies and outline a set of requirements to make a RMI system feasible for real world users. The feedback and requirements from the user groups were considered and implemented in the system before conducting a final field trial of the system with a potential real world user. The results of the studies in this research reveal that the children generally interacted with KASPAR in a very similar to how they interacted with a human interviewer regardless of question type or difficulty. The feedback gathered from experts working with children suggested that the three most important and desirable features of a RMI system were: reliability, flexibility and ease of use. The feedback from the experts also indicated that a RMI system would most likely be used with children with special needs. The final field trial with 10 children and a potential real world user illustrated that a RMI system could potentially be used effectively outside of a research context, with all of the children in the trial responding to the robot. Feedback from the educational psychologist testing the system would suggest that a RMI approach could have real world implications if the system were developed further.
Figure S1 - S5 from Glacial survival of trophically linked boreal species in northern Europe
Creators: name: Quinzin, Maud C.
name: Normand, Signe
name: Dellicour, Simon
name: Jens-Christian Svenning
name: Mardulyn, Patrick
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Whether non-arctic species persisted in northern Europe during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) is highly debated. Until now, the debate has mostly focused on plants, with little consideration for other groups of organisms, e.g. the numerous plant-dependent insect species. Here, we study the late-Quaternary evolution of the European range of a boreo-montane leaf beetle, Gonioctena intermedia, which feeds exclusively on the boreal and temperate trees Prunus padus and Sorbus aucuparia. Using species distribution models, we estimated the congruence between areas of past and present suitable climate for this beetle and its host plants. Then we derived historical hypotheses from the congruent range estimates, and evaluated their compatibility with observed DNA sequence variation at five independent loci. We investigated compatibility using computer simulations of population evolution under various coalescence models. We find strong evidence for range modifications in response to late-Quaternary climate changes, and support for the presence of populations of G. intermedia in northern Europe since the beginning of the last glaciation. The presence of a co-dependent insect in the region through the LGM provides new evidence supporting the glacial survival of cold-tolerant tree species in northern Europe.
Exploring The Potential of Mushrooms as A Natural Cure for Hepatitis
Creators: name: Aditya1*, Neeraj2*, J.N. Bhatia3
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Hepatitis, which is liver inflammation, presents a considerable health concern on a global scale, often necessitating treatment with medications that may carry adverse effects. This has stimulated the exploration of alternative therapeutic avenues. In recent years, mushrooms have emerged as a subject of interest due to their perceived health-promoting properties, particularly in supporting liver function. This article aims to delve into the potential of mushrooms as a treatment option for hepatitis, shedding light on their medicinal attributes and plausible therapeutic uses. This article highlights the potential of mushrooms to provide a natural and potentially safer method for managing hepatitis. By knowing about the various mycochemical compounds found in mushrooms and their proven ability to protect the liver, the aim is to understand how mushrooms work and establish their role in treating hepatitis. This offers hope for better patient outcomes and reduced dependence on conventional medications that may have side effects.
Using the Psychological Concept of Compassion to Inform Pedagogic Strategies for Higher Education Seminars
Creators: name: Gilbert, Theo
Publisher: name: UH Research Archive
Year: 2015
Subjects: Higher Education
group work
critical thinking
interculturalism
compassion
psychosocial
BME
compassion-focused pedagogy
social learning

description: This study used the university discussion-based seminar with the aim of exploring and improving students’ experiences of face-to-face group work in Higher Education. The purpose was to devise a pedagogic strategy to address the communicative barriers that extant research and literature suggests often arise between ethnically and/or internationally different student groups in universities. A critical examination of literature relevant to co-operative behaviours in groups was undertaken across disciplines. The result was the assembly and development of a theoretical basis for designing a pedagogy that attends explicitly to compassion in HE teaching, learning and assessment. Compassion is relevant to co-operative behaviours. It is recognised across disciplines and it is valued across cultures. It is defined as the noticing of distress or disadvantaging of others, and then taking action to reduce this. The compassion-focussed pedagogy was then applied in discussion-based seminars across different subjects in a UK university. The study adopted an action research approach, which was divided into two cycles. Cycle 1 was conducted amongst mainly white, local students in a Humanities department where (n=105) students were observed in their seminars, some of whom (n=14) participated in one-to-one interviews or focus groups. Cycle 2 was conducted amongst more diverse cohorts of students in the same HEI's Business department where (n=135) students were observed, some of whom (n=20) participated in one-to-one interviews or focus groups. In total (n=9) seminar tutors were observed and interviewed. Five sampling methods and seven data collection tools were combined to support the use of Template Analysis for comparative, thematic data analysis. Overall, most students made use of the compassion-focused pedagogy, adapting and developing it in seminar discussions to benefit the learning and social experiences of themselves and others. Data from three students helped explore why the pedagogy might not be suitable for all students. There was evidence of a positive impact on seminar academic outcomes in terms of assessment for critical thinking skills, particularly for BME students, although this result is offered cautiously and requires further research. The main indications from the study are that explicit work with the concept of compassion, including overt formal assessment of its use, can be unintrusive on subject material (a tutor concern), ethically appropriate, and beneficial to enhancing social and learning interconnectivity between students. Traditional/ standard categorisations of students as local or international in origin are also found to be extremely problematic and profoundly unhelpful in understanding and unlocking communicative barriers between students.
Comparative Chlamydia trachomatis stress transcriptomics
Creators: name: Haines, Ronald
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2023

description: The sexually transmitted pathogen Chlamydia trachomatis is the most common cause of pelvic inflammatory disease, female infertility, and ectopic pregnancy. The infectious but non-dividing elementary body (EB) and the proliferative but noninfectious reticulate body (RB) characterize the developmental cycle of this obligate intracellular bacterium. In response to adverse environmental stressors, C. trachomatis enters a persistent state, under which the production of progeny EBs is halted until stressors are removed. Transcriptomic reprogramming likely plays a crucial role in the development of chlamydial persistence. We have conducted a comparative analysis of results from transcriptomic studies carried out on C. trachomatis exposed to interferon-γ, iron starvation, tryptophan starvation, beta-lactam exposure, and heat shock. We found four commonly upregulated genes and five commonly downregulated genes between all five stressors. However, when heat shock is excluded, the number of commonly upregulated genes increases to 22, while commonly downregulated genes increase to 100. These findings suggest that C. trachomatis is capable of mounting both generalized and stressor-specific responses to maximize its capacity to survive under adverse environmental conditions. Stress response regulators commonly utilized by diverse stressors are attractive therapeutic targets of which inhibition would result in Chlamydia eradication.
Japanese Foreign Direct Investment: Varieties of Capitalism, Employment Practices and Worker Resistance in Poland
Creators: name: Bancarzewski, Maciej Albert
Publisher: name: UH Research Archive
Year: 2016
Subjects: varieties of capitalism
FDI
Japanisation
Poland
employment relations
management transfer
workers' resistance
collectivism

description: This research contributes to an understanding of Japanese Foreign Investment (JFDI) in Poland, by using a Variety of Capitalism approach and drawing on literature from employment relations. It examines firstly, the extent to which Japanese production and managerial institutions and practices can be transplanted to different economic and cultural environments; and secondly, the character of workers’ response towards these practices, in the context of JFDI in Poland. It draws on primary data drawn from interviews conducted with the managers and workers in five firms in a Japanese electronics manufacturing cluster in Toruń, Northern Poland, as well as the policy makers, researchers and journalists on a regional level. First, the transfer of Japanese management ‘style’ is considered in terms of recruitment, training practices, issues of monitoring and discipline and quality assurance policies. This study reveals that the transfer of Japanese typical practices is of minor importance to Japanese corporations based in Poland, and the character of these practices in the Polish workplace is peripheral. However, the subordination of labour is brought by the precarisation of employment, rather than the implementation of Japanese quality policies. Second, the focus of the research is on the response of workers and finds that they did not remain passive actors in this process and resisted the adapted form of Japanisation in Poland. Although the role of formal trade unions was limited, the data pointed to other forms of resistance, both conventional and novel, from sabotage, absenteeism, humour to insubordination and the use of blogging sites. In the context of the researched labour process, the empirical findings point to markers of collectivism in all forms of worker resistance and hence identified that the collective worker not only has not disappeared from both the labour process debate and the workplace itself, but, even if not evidently, is present through the resistance to management practices and control.
Thrombotic Risk Assessment in End Stage Renal Disease Patients on Renal Replacement Therapy
Creators: name: Sharma, Sumeet
Publisher: name: UH Research Archive
Year: 2016
Subjects: thrombosis
Spontaneous thrombolysis
Platelet function testing
Renal replacement therapy (RRT)
Haemodialysis
ESRD (end stage renal disease)
Cardiac events

description: End stage renal disease (ESRD) patients have an excess cardiovascular risk, above that predicted by traditional risk factor models. Despite the advances in both Cardiovascular disease (CVD) management and renal replacement therapy (RRT), there still is a major burden of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in the chronic kidney disease (CKD) population. Declining renal function itself represents a continuum of cardiovascular risk and in those individuals who survive to reach ESRD, the risk of suffering a cardiac event is uncomfortably and unacceptably high. Pro-thrombotic status may contribute to this increased risk. Global thrombotic status assessment, including measurement of occlusion time (OT) the time taken to form an occlusive platelet rich thrombus and thrombolytic status (time taken to lyse such thrombus) as assessed by measuring Lysis Time (LT), may identify vulnerable patients. The aim of this study was to assess overall thrombotic status in ESRD and relate this to cardiovascular and peripheral thrombotic risk. Small sub studies were also planned to establish the effect of RRT modality on the thrombotic status.
Carnets de bals des catalogueurs
Creators: name: Eschenbrenner, Lise
name: Guillen-Casadesus, Pascale
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Abes
Journées Abes 2024
jabes24

description: Les 45 bibliothèques de Sorbonne Université, éparpillées sur plusieurs sites géographiques, réunissent 89 catalogueuses et catalogueurs dont 9 correspondantes et correspondants Sudoc. Le poster proposé présente les différentes actions menées par l’équipe des correspondantes et correspondants Sudoc pour animer ce réseau composite et permettre à toutes et à tous de se retrouver, de s’informer et d’échanger sur ses pratiques catalographiques lors de moments conviviaux.
Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Potential Inhibitors of S100P, a Protein implicated in Pancreatic Cancer
Creators: name: Camara, Ramatoulie
Publisher: name: UH Research Archive
Year: 2016
Subjects: biological evaluation
CAM assay
cancer
computational studies
in silico
LDH assay
lead-like
MOE database
MTS assay
pancreatic cancer
pharmacophore
S100
S100P
synthesis
virtual screening
ZINC database

description: Pancreatic cancer is relatively uncommon. Despite its relative scarcity, it is the fourth-ranked cancer killer in the Western world with less than a 5% 5-year survival rate. The high mortality rate is due to the asymptomatic nature of the disease and the advanced stage at which it is usually diagnosed. S100P is a calcium-binding protein that has been shown to be highly expressed in the early stages of pancreatic cancer and has been proposed as a potential therapeutic target via the blocking of its interaction with its receptor RAGE, the receptor for advanced glycation end-products. In this thesis, computational techniques were employed on the NMR ensemble of S100P (PDB Accession code 1OZO) to identify potential inhibitors of the S100P-RAGE interaction in the hope of identifying a series of novel leads that could be developed into clinical candidates for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. In silico studies identified putative binding sites at the S100P dimeric interface capable of accommodating cromolyn, an anti-allergy drug shown to bind to the protein both in vitro and in vivo. Virtual screening of >1 million lead-like compounds using 3D pharmacophore models derived from the predicted binding interactions between S100P and cromolyn, identified 9,408 “hits”. These were hierarchically clustered according to similarities between chemical structures into 299 clusters and 77 singletons. Biological screening of 17 of the “hits” identified from virtual screening stuidies, 4 of which were synthesised in-house, against pancreatic cancer cell lines identified five compounds that demonstrated an equal or greater capacity to reduce BxPC-3 S100P-expressing pancreatic cells’ metastatic potential in vitro relative to cromolyn. Compound 24 in particular, showed significant (p<0.05) inhibition of invasion of these cells at a concentration of 100 μM that was comparable to cromolyn at the same concentration. This compound, structurally distinct from cromolyn, was successfully synthesised, purified and characterised in-house alongside 39 of its analogues. Biological screening of compound 24 and four of its analogues for anti-proliferative activity against BxPC-3 and Panc-1 pancreatic cancer cell lines showed all five compounds significantly (p<0.0001) inhibiting proliferation in both cell lines at a concentration of 1 μM relative to the non-treated control. Hence, structurally distinct compounds that show promising inhibitory activity on the metastasis and proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells have been identified using a structure-based drug design methodology. These compounds, with further optimisation, could provide good starting points as therapeutic lead candidates for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
Security and Usability of Authentication by Challenge Questions in Online Examination
Creators: name: Ullah, Abrar
Publisher: name: UH Research Archive
Year: 2017
Subjects: Online learning
online examinations
learning management systems
security
usability assessment
collusion
impersonation
abetting
cheating
summative assessment
challenge questions
personal questions
authentication
profile based authentication
dynamic profile questions
image-based questions
graphical authentication

description: Online examinations are an integral component of many online learning environments and a high-stake process for students, teachers and educational institutions. They are the target of many security threats, including intrusion by hackers and collusion. Collu-sion happens when a student invites a third party to impersonate him/her in an online test, or to abet with the exam questions. This research proposed a profile-based chal-lenge question approach to create and consolidate a student’s profile during the learning process, to be used for authentication in the examination process. The pro-posed method was investigated in six research studies using a usability test method and a risk-based security assessment method, in order to investigate usability attributes and security threats. The findings of the studies revealed that text-based questions are prone to usability issues such as ambiguity, syntactic variation, and spelling mistakes. The results of a usability analysis suggested that image-based questions are more usable than text-based questions (p < 0.01). The findings identified that dynamic profile questions are more efficient and effective than text-based and image-based questions (p < 0.01). Since text-based questions are associated with an individual’s personal information, they are prone to being shared with impersonators. An increase in the numbers of chal-lenge questions being shared showed a significant linear trend (p < 0.01) and increased the success of an impersonation attack. An increase in the database size decreased the success of an impersonation attack with a significant linear trend (p < 0.01). The security analysis of dynamic profile questions revealed that an impersonation attack was not successful when a student shared credentials using email asynchronously. However, a similar attack was successful when a student and impersonator shared information in real time using mobile phones. The response time in this attack was significantly different when a genuine student responded to his challenge questions (p < 0.01). The security analysis revealed that the use of dynamic profile questions in a proctored exam can influence impersonation and abetting. This view was supported by online programme tutors in a focus group study.
The design and evaluation of non-visual information systems for blind users
Creators: name: Morley, Sarah
Publisher: name: University of Hertfordshire
Year: 1999
Subjects: Computer interface Business Data processing Sociology Human services Human engineering

description: This research was motivated by the sudden increase of hypermedia information (such as that found on CD-ROMs and on the World Wide Web), which was not initially accessible to blind people, although offered significant advantages over traditional braille and audiotape information. Existing non-visual information systems for blind people had very different designs and functionality, but none of them provided what was required according to user requirements studies: an easy-to-use non-visual interface to hypermedia material with a range of input devices for blind students. Furthermore, there was no single suitable design and evaluation methodology which could be used for the development of non-visual information systems. The aims of this research were therefore: (1) to develop a generic, iterative design and evaluation methodology consisting of a number of techniques suitable for formative evaluation of non-visual interfaces; (2) to explore non-visual interaction possibilities for a multimodal hypermedia browser for blind students based on user requirements; and (3) to apply the evaluation methodology to non-visual information systems at different stages of their development. The methodology developed and recommended consists of a range of complementary design and evaluation techniques, and successfully allowed the systematic development of prototype non-visual interfaces for blind users by identifying usability problems and developing solutions. Three prototype interfaces are described: the design and evaluation of two versions of a hypermedia browser; and an evaluation of a digital talking book. Recommendations made from the evaluations for an effective non-visual interface include the provision of a consistent multimodal interface, non-speech sounds for information and feedback, a range of simple and consistent commands for reading, navigation, orientation and output control, and support features. This research will inform developers of similar systems for blind users, and in addition, the methodology and design ideas are considered sufficiently generic, but also sufficiently detailed, that the findings could be applied successfully to the development of non-visual interfaces of any type.
Table S4 from Glacial survival of trophically linked boreal species in northern Europe
Creators: name: Quinzin, Maud C.
name: Normand, Signe
name: Dellicour, Simon
name: Jens-Christian Svenning
name: Mardulyn, Patrick
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Statistical results from the test against genetic variation data of the 13 historical scenarios modeled within the Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) framework with ABCToolbox, along with prior and posterior (inferred) distributions describing the scenarios.
Additional file 3 of Blinatumomab-induced T cell activation at single cell transcriptome resolution
Creators: name: Huo, Yi
name: Sheng, Zhen
name: Lu, Daniel R.
name: Ellwanger, Daniel C.
name: Li, Chi-Ming
name: Homann, Oliver
name: Wang, Songli
name: Yin, Hong
name: Ren, Ruibao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 3. Detailed description of cell clustering and definition in the two models.
Material and Methods S1 a more detailed description of all analytic procedures (SDMs and hypothesis testing) and all tested coalescence models. from Glacial survival of trophically linked boreal species in northern Europe
Creators: name: Quinzin, Maud C.
name: Normand, Signe
name: Dellicour, Simon
name: Jens-Christian Svenning
name: Mardulyn, Patrick
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Whether non-arctic species persisted in northern Europe during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) is highly debated. Until now, the debate has mostly focused on plants, with little consideration for other groups of organisms, e.g. the numerous plant-dependent insect species. Here, we study the late-Quaternary evolution of the European range of a boreo-montane leaf beetle, Gonioctena intermedia, which feeds exclusively on the boreal and temperate trees Prunus padus and Sorbus aucuparia. Using species distribution models, we estimated the congruence between areas of past and present suitable climate for this beetle and its host plants. Then we derived historical hypotheses from the congruent range estimates, and evaluated their compatibility with observed DNA sequence variation at five independent loci. We investigated compatibility using computer simulations of population evolution under various coalescence models. We find strong evidence for range modifications in response to late-Quaternary climate changes, and support for the presence of populations of G. intermedia in northern Europe since the beginning of the last glaciation. The presence of a co-dependent insect in the region through the LGM provides new evidence supporting the glacial survival of cold-tolerant tree species in northern Europe.