cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Highly Variable Magnetized Environment in a Pulsar Binary resembling Fast Radio Bursts
Creators: name: Li, Dongzi
name: Bilous, Anna
name: Ransom, Scott
name: Main, Robert
name: Yang, Yuan-Pei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are short, intense extragalactic radio bursts of unknown origin. Recent polarimetric studies have shown that a noticeable fraction of the repeating FRBs display irregular, short-time variations of the Faraday rotation measure (RM). Moreover, evidence for rare propagation effects such as Faraday conversion and polarized attenuation is seen in at least one FRB repeater. Together, they suggest a highly variable magneto-active circum-burst environment. In this paper, we report similar behavior in a globular cluster pulsar binary system PSR B1744-24A. We observe irregular fast changes of RM with both signs at random orbital phases as well as profile changes of the circular polarization when the pulsar emission passes close to the companion. The latter provides strong evidence for Faraday conversion and circularly polarized attenuation. These similarities between PSR B1744-24A and some FRB repeaters, as well as the possible binary-produced long-term periodicity of two active repeaters, and the discovery of a nearby FRB in a globular cluster, where pulsar binaries are common, all suggest that some fraction of FRBs have binary companions.
Zenodo: the free, open repository from OpenAIRE and CERN: service factsheet
Creators: name: OpenAIRE
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Open Science
Repositories
reserach outputs
scholarly communication

description: This factsheet presents Zendo, an open, dependable repository for all scholarship, enabling researchers from all disciplines to share and preserve their research outputs, regardless of size or format.
 Free to upload and free to access, Zenodo makes scientific outputs of all kinds citable, shareable, and discoverable for the long term.
Two-dimensional non-linear hydrodynamics and nanofluidics
Creators: name: Trushin, Maxim
name: Carvalho, Alexandra
name: Neto, A. H. Castro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A water monolayer squeezed between two solid planes experiences strong out-of-plane confinement effects while expanding freely within the plane. As a consequence, the transport of such two-dimensional water combines hydrodynamic and nanofluidic features, intimately linked with each other. In this paper, we propose and explicitly solve a non-linear hydrodynamic equation describing two-dimensional water flow with viscosity parameters deduced from molecular dynamic simulations. We demonstrate that the very ability of two-dimensional water to flow in short channels is governed by the second (dilatational) viscosity coefficient, leading to flow compression and velocity saturation in the high-pressure limit. The viscosity parameter values depend strongly on whether graphene or hexoganal boron nitride layers are used to confine 2D water that offers an interesting opportunity to obtain various nanofluids out of the same water molecules just by using alternate materials to fabricate the 2D channels.
description: 10+ pages, 6 figures. The supplementary information and multimedia files are available via doi link to the Springer Nature publisher
Osho lebt!
Creators: name: Hörig, Rainer
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: „An mir gibt es nichts, das unglaublich oder mysteriös oder geheim wäre. Und dies ist mein offenes Geheimnis: Ich bin nur ein Mensch. Und ich erkläre gegenüber der Menschheit: es gibt nichts Höheres über dem menschlichen Bewusstsein. Und du brauchst nach nichts anderem zu suchen. Alles, was du tun musst, ist so tief wie möglich in dein eigenes Bewusstsein hinein zu schauen. Finde dich selbst, und du hast alles gefunden!“ Mit Worten wie diesen, die provozierten und nachdenklich machten, wurde „Bhagwan“ berühmt. „Bhagwan“, das heißt Bhagwan Rajneesh (193 1-199 0), später nannte er sich selbst „Osho“. Seine Rolls Royce-Sammlung war für die meisten das abschreckende Sinnbild einer hemmungslosen, ich-zentrierten Verschwendungssucht. Andere sahen darin, einen Teil eines tantrischen Gesamtkunstwerks, das der Welt die Sinnlosigkeit weltlichen Besitzstrebens vorführen sollte. Er war der erste Guru einer hinduistisch vorgeprägten Psycho-Religion. Pune (früher: Poona) mit dem spektakulären Ashram Bhagwans wurde in den 1970er Jahren zum Mekka einer jungen und dynamischen westlichen Jüngergemeinde, die mit ihrem Leben unzufrieden waren und nach tiefer reichenden Erfahrungen suchten. Heute hört man nicht mehr viel von ihnen, doch es gibt sie noch – weltweit.
description: Südasien, Bd. 30 Nr. 1 (2010): Ist eine andere Welt noch möglich? - Globalisierung aus indischer Perspektive
“Die Mehrheit hat den Neoliberalismus nicht akzeptiert”
Creators: name: Marsh, Edgar
name: Klas, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Utsa Patnaik, 64. ist eine der führenden progressiven Ökonomen Indiens. Von 196 7 bis 1973 studierte sie Wirtschaftswissenschaften in Cambridge, Großbritannien. Dann baute sie mit Kollegen an der Jawaharlal Nehru Universität in New Delhi das Zentrum für ökonomische Studien und Planung auf. Dort lehrt und forscht sie zur wirtschaftlichen Entwicklung mit Schwerpunkt auf Übergangsgesellschaften im Industrialisierungsprozess. In ihrem Buch „Republic of Hunger“ kritisiert sie die neoliberale Wirtschaftspolitik und die Exportorientierung der indischen Regierung. Das Buch ist kürzlich auch in deutscher Übersetzung im Draupadi-Verlag unter dem Titel „Unbequeme Wahrheiten. Hunger und Armut in Indien“ erschienen (Heidelberg 2009). – Gerhard Klas sprach in New Delhi mit Utsa Patnaik.
description: Südasien, Bd. 30 Nr. 1 (2010): Ist eine andere Welt noch möglich? - Globalisierung aus indischer Perspektive
Single multimode fiber for in vivo light-field encoded nano-imaging
Creators: name: Wen, Zhong
name: Dong, Zhenyu
name: Pang, Chenlei
name: Kaminski, Clemens F.
name: Deng, Qilin
name: Xu, Jinggang
name: Wang, Liqiang
name: Liu, Songguo
name: Tang, Jianbin
name: Chen, Wei
name: Liu, Xu
name: Yang, Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Super-resolution microscopy normally requiring complex and cumbersome optics is not applicable for in situ imaging through a narrow channel. Here, we demonstrate single hair-thin multimode fiber (MMF) endoscope (less than 250 $μm$) for in vivo light-field nano-imaging, which is called spatial-frequency tracking adaptive beacon light-field encoded nano-endoscopy (STABLE nano-endoscopy) that enables three-dimensional (3D) subcellular-scale imaging. Spatial-frequency tracking provides up to $10^3$ Hz disorder tracking that ensures stable imaging in long-haul MMFs (up to 200 m) under various conditions. Full-vector modulation and fluorescence emission difference are combined to enhance the imaging signal-to-noise ratio two times and to improve the resolution to sub-diffraction-limited 250 nm ($λ/3NA$). STABLE nano-endoscopy and white-light endoscopy (WLE) are integrated to achieve cross-scale in vivo imaging inside the lumen. This high-resolution and robust observation in a minimally invasive manner paves the way to gain a deeper understanding of the disease mechanisms and to bridge clinical and biological sciences.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
Nachhaltige Zukunft?
Creators: name: Kothari, Ashish
name: Fröhlich, Julia
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: In den letzten 25 Jahren erschien Indiens Umweltschutzpolitik zunächst als eine Erfolgsgeschichte – doch es folgten Rückschritte. Grund für die Rückwärtsbewegung hin zu nicht-nachhaltiger Entwicklung waren die Reformen im Zuge der Liberalisierungspolitik.
description: Südasien, Bd. 30 Nr. 1 (2010): Ist eine andere Welt noch möglich? - Globalisierung aus indischer Perspektive
3-manifolds and Vafa-Witten theory
Creators: name: Gukov, Sergei
name: Sheshmani, Artan
name: Yau, Shing-Tung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We initiate explicit computations of Vafa-Witten invariants of 3-manifolds, analogous to Floer groups in the context of Donaldson theory. In particular, we explicitly compute the Vafa-Witten invariants of 3-manifolds in a family of concrete examples relevant to various surgery operations (the Gluck twist, knot surgeries, log-transforms). We also describe the structural properties that are expected to hold for general 3-manifolds, including the modular group action, relation to Floer homology, infinite-dimensionality for an arbitrary 3-manifold, and the absence of instantons.
description: 27 pages, 5 figures
Gauss-Bonnet Cosmology Unifying Late and Early-time Acceleration Eras with Intermediate Eras
Creators: name: Oikonomou, V. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we demonstrate that with vacuum $F(G)$ gravity it is possible to describe the unification of late and early-time acceleration eras with the radiation and matter domination era. The Hubble rate of the unified evolution contains two mild singularities, so called Type IV singularities, and the evolution itself has some appealing features, such as the existence of a deceleration-acceleration transition at late times. We also address quantitatively a fundamental question related to modified gravity models description of cosmological evolution: Is it possible for all modified gravity descriptions of our Universe evolution, to produce a nearly scale invariant spectrum of primordial curvature perturbations? As we demonstrate, the answer for the $F(G)$ description is no, since the resulting power spectrum is not scale invariant, in contrast to the $F(R)$ description studied in the literature. Therefore, although the cosmological evolution can be realized in the context of vacuum $F(G)$ gravity, the evolution is not compatible with the observational data, in contrast to the $F(R)$ gravity description of the same cosmological evolution.
SEZ Sonderwirtschaftszonen sind „Landfresser“
Creators: name: Hörig, Rainer
name: Döhne, Thomas
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Manshi Asher untersucht mithilfe eines Stipendiums des Global Green Grant Fund mehrere Sonderwirtschaftszonen in Indien. Im Februar 2010 hat sie in einem Email-Interview mit Südasien über die Ergebnisse ihrer Forschung gesprochen.
description: Südasien, Bd. 30 Nr. 1 (2010): Ist eine andere Welt noch möglich? - Globalisierung aus indischer Perspektive
Intelligent Reflecting Surface Enabled Sensing: Cramér-Rao Bound Optimization
Creators: name: Song, Xianxin
name: Xu, Jie
name: Liu, Fan
name: Han, Tony Xiao
name: Eldar, Yonina C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper investigates intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) enabled non-line-of-sight (NLoS) wireless sensing, in which an IRS is dedicatedly deployed to assist an access point (AP) to sense a target at its NLoS region. It is assumed that the AP is equipped with multiple antennas and the IRS is equipped with a uniform linear array. We consider two types of target models, namely the point and extended targets, for which the AP aims to estimate the target's direction-of-arrival (DoA) and the target response matrix with respect to the IRS, respectively, based on the echo signals from the AP-IRS-target-IRS-AP link. Under this setup, we jointly design the transmit beamforming at the AP and the reflective beamforming at the IRS to minimize the Cramér-Rao bound (CRB) on the estimation error. Towards this end, we first obtain the CRB expressions for the two target models in closed form. It is shown that in the point target case, the CRB for estimating the DoA depends on both the transmit and reflective beamformers; while in the extended target case, the CRB for estimating the target response matrix only depends on the transmit beamformers. Next, for the point target case, we optimize the joint beamforming design to minimize the CRB, via alternating optimization, semi-definite relaxation, and successive convex approximation. For the extended target case, we obtain the optimal transmit beamforming solution to minimize the CRB in closed form. Finally, numerical results show that for both cases, the proposed designs based on CRB minimization achieve improved sensing performance in terms of mean squared error, as compared to other traditional schemes.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2204.11071
(An)globalisierung: Das finale Triumpfgebrüll des Kapitalismus?
Creators: name: Shrivastava, Aseem
name: Wessler, Heinz Werner
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Lassen Sie uns zunächst klären, was die Globalisierung nicht ist. Viele bringen in der Rückschau auf historische Erfahrungen gerne das auf Argument vor, dass die Globalisierung, die wir im Augenblick durchmachen, eigentlich nichts Neues ist, insbesondere in Indien, dessen Kultur und Zivilisation seit alter Zeit durch zahllose internationale Verbindungen und Invasionen geprägt worden ist. Umgekehrt hat Indien großen Einfluss auf Andere ausgeübt: im Laufe seiner Geschichte hat es die Kulturen von China, Japan, Südostasien, die islamische Welt, Afrika und Europa beeinflusst. Von der Religion des Buddhismus und der Philosophie bis zu den Grundlagen der Arithmetik und der Algebra kann Indien die Urheberschaft für eine ganze Reihe von Beiträgen zur menschlichen Kultur für sich beanspruchen.
description: Südasien, Bd. 30 Nr. 1 (2010): Ist eine andere Welt noch möglich? - Globalisierung aus indischer Perspektive
Milky Way's Thick and Thin disk: Is there distinct thick disk?
Creators: name: Kawata, D.
name: Chiappini, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article is based on our discussion session on Milky Way models at the 592 WE-Heraeus Seminar, Reconstructing the Milky Way's History: Spectroscopic Surveys, Asteroseismology and Chemodynamical models. The discussion focused on the following question: "Are there distinct thick and thin disks?". The answer to this question depends on the definition one adopts for thin and thick disks. The participants of this discussion converged to the idea that there are at least two different types of disks in the Milky Way. However, there are still important open questions on how to best define these two types of disks (chemically, kinematically, geometrically or by age?). The question of what is the origin of the distinct disks remains open. The future Galactic surveys which are highlighted in this conference should help us answering these questions. The almost one-hour debate involving researchers in the field representing different modelling approaches (Galactic models such as TRILEGAL, Besancon and Galaxia, chemical evolution models, extended distribution functions method, chemodynamics in the cosmological context, and self-consistent cosmological simulations) illustrated how important is to have all these parallel approaches. All approaches have their advantages and shortcomings (also discussed), and different approaches are useful to address specific points that might help us answering the more general question above.
description: 7 pages, no figure. To appear in Astronomische Nachrichten, special issue "Reconstruction the Milky Way's History: Spectroscopic surveys, Asteroseismology and Chemo-dynamical models", Guest Editors C. Chiappini, J. Montalban, and M. Steffen
Indien 2010: Der Aufstieg geht weiter
Creators: name: Rodewald, Achim
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Indische Finanz- und Wirtschaftsexperten halten es für möglich, dass das Land sich innerhalb der nächsten vier Jahre zur weltweit führenden Wachstumsnation entwickelt. Die deutsche Industrie ist gut aufgestellt, um an dem Boom erfolgreich teilzunehmen, schreibt Achim Rodewald. Schon heute ist Deutschland Indiens wichtigster Handelspartner in Europa. Die Bereiche Energie und Umwelt spielen eine zunehmend wichtige Rolle.
description: Südasien, Bd. 30 Nr. 1 (2010): Ist eine andere Welt noch möglich? - Globalisierung aus indischer Perspektive
TDCCs workshop: Addressing bottlenecks together to encourage FAIR practice in research methods, data, and software - slide deck and participants' input
Creators: name: Yeomans, Joanne
name: Arlinghaus, Nils
name: Zwiers, Kimberley
name: Emmenegger, Nicole
name: Van Gelder, Celia
name: Stanic, Mira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: FAIR
Digital competence
Research data management
Research software
Open science

description: Slide deck and participants' input of the workshop Addressing bottlenecks together to encourage FAIR practice in research methods, data, and software, by Thematic Digital Competence Centres at the Netherlands National Open Science Festival, on August 31 2023. During the workshop we talked to RDM professionals, researchers, and Open Science enthusiasts, to better understand domain-specific challenges (Life Sciences & Health, Social Sciences & Humanities, Natural & Engineering Sciences), stimulate collaboration, and share opportunities to get involved in our networks. More information on workshop outcomes: https://tdcc.nl/addressing-bottlenecks-together/
Contact Binaries as Viable Distance Indicators: New, Competitive (V)JHKs Period-Luminosity Relations
Creators: name: Chen, Xiaodian
name: de Grijs, Richard
name: Deng, Licai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the largest catalogs currently available, comprising 6090 contact binaries (CBs) and 2167 open clusters, we determine the near-infrared $JHK_{\rm s}$ CB period--luminosity (PL) relations, for the first time achieving the low levels of intrinsic scatter that make these relations viable as competitive distance calibrators. To firmly establish our distance calibration on the basis of open cluster CBs, we require that (i) the CB of interest must be located inside the core radius of its host cluster; (ii) the CB's proper motion must be located within the $2σ$ distribution of that of its host open cluster; and (iii) the CB's age, $t$, must be comparable to that of its host cluster, i.e., $Δ\log (t\mbox{ yr}^{-1}) <0.3$. We thus select a calibration sample of 66 CBs with either open cluster distances or accurate space-based parallaxes. The resulting near-infrared PL relations, for both late-type (i.e., W Ursae Majoris-type) and---for the first time---early-type CBs, are as accurate as the well-established $JHK_{\rm s}$ Cepheid PL relations, (characterized by single-band statistical uncertainties of $σ< 0.10$ mag). We show that CBs can be used as viable distance tracers, yielding distances with uncertainties of better than 5\% for 90\% of the 6090 CBs in our full sample. By combining the full $JHK_{\rm s}$ photometric data set, CBs can trace distances with an accuracy, $σ=0.05 \mbox{ (statistical)} \pm0.03 \mbox{ (systematic)}$ mag. The 102 CBs in the Large Magellanic Cloud are used to determine a distance modulus to the galaxy of $(m-M_V)_0^{\rm LMC}=18.41\pm0.20$ mag.
description: 24 pages, 6 figures, accepted by The Astrophysical Journal
Mathematical modeling of local perfusion in large distensible microvascular networks
Creators: name: Causin, Paola
name: Malgaroli, Francesca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Microvessels -blood vessels with diameter less than 200 microns- form large, intricate networks organized into arterioles, capillaries and venules. In these networks, the distribution of flow and pressure drop is a highly interlaced function of single vessel resistances and mutual vessel interactions. In this paper we propose a mathematical and computational model to study the behavior of microcirculatory networks subjected to different conditions. The network geometry is composed of a graph of connected straight cylinders, each one representing a vessel. The blood flow and pressure drop across the single vessel, further split into smaller elements, are related through a generalized Ohm's law featuring a conductivity parameter, function of the vessel cross section area and geometry, which undergo deformations under pressure loads. The membrane theory is used to describe the deformation of vessel lumina, tailored to the structure of thick-walled arterioles and thin-walled venules. In addition, since venules can possibly experience negative transmural pressures, a buckling model is also included to represent vessel collapse. The complete model including arterioles, capillaries and venules represents a nonlinear system of PDEs, which is approached numerically by finite element discretization and linearization techniques. We use the model to simulate flow in the microcirculation of the human eye retina, a terminal system with a single inlet and outlet. After a phase of validation against experimental measurements, we simulate the network response to different interstitial pressure values. Such a study is carried out both for global and localized variations of the interstitial pressure. In both cases, significant redistributions of the blood flow in the network arise, highlighting the importance of considering the single vessel behavior along with its position and connectivity in the network.
Großmachtfantasien
Creators: name: Guha, Ramachandra
name: Hörig, Rainer
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Vor und nach dem 15. August 2007 [60. Jahrestag der Unabhängigkeit, die Red.] wurde in vielen indischen Zeitungen über den bevorstehenden Aufstieg Indiens zur neuen Supermacht spekuliert. Auslöser dafür waren zum einen die Stärke der indischen Nation, nämlich die Tatsache, dass sie 60 schwierige Jahre als unabhängige Nation durchgestanden hat, weiterhin die Robustheit der indischen Demokratie, die regelmäßig freie Wahlen abhält, und auch der Boom der Wirtschaft, die jährliche Wachstumsraten von acht und mehr Prozent erreicht.
description: Südasien, Bd. 30 Nr. 1 (2010): Ist eine andere Welt noch möglich? - Globalisierung aus indischer Perspektive
Statistic behaviors of gauge-invariance-dominated 1D chiral current random model
Creators: name: Wu, Chen-Huan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By considering energy flow, we construct the one-dimensional (1d) model consisting of the quasiparticles caused by asymmetric hopping (in carrier position space) or the complex bosonic potential whose varying gradience with a chiral ordering plays the role of ingredience of quasiparticles. A bosonic potential can be generated and the chaotic dynamics of chiral excitations after disorder average can be investigated in the presence of gauge invariance. This feature is also shared by the well-known non-Hermitian systems.
On the origin of radio-loudness in active galactic nuclei using far-infrared polarimetric observations
Creators: name: Lopez-Rodriguez, Enrique
name: Kishimoto, Makoto
name: Antonucci, Robert
name: Begelman, Mitchell C.
name: Globus, Noemie
name: Blandford, Roger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dichotomy between radio-loud (RL) and radio-quiet (RQ) active galactic nuclei (AGN) is thought to be intrinsically related to radio jet production. This difference may be explained by the presence of a strong magnetic field (B-field) that enhances, or is the cause of, the accretion activity and the jet power. Here, we report the first evidence of an intrinsic difference in the dust polarized emission cores of four RL and five RQ obscured AGN using 89 $μ$m polarization with HAWC+/SOFIA. We find that the thermal polarized emission increases with the nuclear radio-loudness, $R_{20} = L_{\rm 5GHz}/ L_{\rm 20μm}$. The dust emission cores of RL AGN are measured to be polarized, $\sim5-11$%, while RQ AGN are unpolarized, $<1$%. For RQ AGN, our results are consistent with the observed region being filled with an unmagnetized or highly turbulent, disk and/or expanding outflow at scales of $5-130$ pc from the AGN. For RL AGN, the measured $89$ $μ$m polarization arises primarily from magnetically aligned dust grains associated with a $5-130$ pc-scale dusty obscuring structure with a toroidal B-field orientation highly offset, $65\pm22^{\circ}$, with respect to the jet axis. Our results indicate that the size and strength of the B-fields surrounding the AGN are intrinsically related to the strength of the jet power -- the stronger the jet power is, the larger and stronger the toroidal B-field is. The detection of a $\le130$ pc-scale ordered toroidal B-field suggests that a) the infalling gas that fuels RL AGN is magnetized, b) there is a magnetohydrodynamic wind that collimates the jet, and/or c) the jet is able to magnetize its surroundings.
description: 23 pages, 6 figures, 7 tables. Accepted for publication; ApJ
A polynomial time algorithm to compute quantum invariants of 3-manifolds with bounded first Betti number
Creators: name: Maria, Clément
name: Spreer, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 57M27, 57Q15, 68Q25

description: In this article, we introduce a fixed parameter tractable algorithm for computing the Turaev-Viro invariants TV(4,q), using the dimension of the first homology group of the manifold as parameter. This is, to our knowledge, the first parameterised algorithm in computational 3-manifold topology using a topological parameter. The computation of TV(4,q) is known to be #P-hard in general; using a topological parameter provides an algorithm polynomial in the size of the input triangulation for the extremely large family of 3-manifolds with first homology group of bounded rank. Our algorithm is easy to implement and running times are comparable with running times to compute integral homology groups for standard libraries of triangulated 3-manifolds. The invariants we can compute this way are powerful: in combination with integral homology and using standard data sets we are able to roughly double the pairs of 3-manifolds we can distinguish. We hope this qualifies TV(4,q) to be added to the short list of standard properties (such as orientability, connectedness, Betti numbers, etc.) that can be computed ad-hoc when first investigating an unknown triangulation.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures
Wer zahlt den Preis für den Fortschritt?
Creators: name: Fernandes, Walter
name: Krüskemper, Elena
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Eine ungefähre Schätzung geht von 60 Millionen Flüchtlingen und durch Bauprojekte Vertriebene in Indien aus. Das sind viermal so viele Menschen, wie zur Zeit der Teilung zwischen Indien und den beiden Flügeln Pakistans ausgetauscht wurden. Der größte Teil der von Projekten Vertriebenen sind Stammesangehörige und landlose Dalits, die auf oder von Gemeinschaftseigentum leben. Und kaum 20 Prozent von ihnen wurden bislang entschädigt.
description: Südasien, Bd. 30 Nr. 1 (2010): Ist eine andere Welt noch möglich? - Globalisierung aus indischer Perspektive
Es droht eine zweite Krise – eine Krise des Überlebens
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Die indische Umweltaktivistin Vandana Shiva, ausgezeichnet mit dem alternativen Nobelpreis, sieht in der Globalisierung eine große Gefahr für Indiens Umwelt. Umweltschäden zerstörten zunehmend die Lebensgrundlage der Menschen, so die Physikerin. Damit drohe eine zweite Krise, eine Krise des Überlebens von rund 70 Prozent der Menschen in Indien, die direkt von natürlichen Ressourcen abhängen – diese Krise sei zugleich eine Demontage der Menschenrechte. Im Interview plädiert Vandana Shiva für den Erhalt der Gemeingüter wie Wissen und Biodiversität. Eine zunehmende Privatisierung sowie Biopatente lehnt sie ab.
description: Südasien, Bd. 30 Nr. 1 (2010): Ist eine andere Welt noch möglich? - Globalisierung aus indischer Perspektive
Stationary broken parity states in active matter models
Creators: name: Frohoff-Hülsmann, Tobias
name: Holl, Max Philipp
name: Knobloch, Edgar
name: Gurevich, Svetlana V.
name: Thiele, Uwe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that several nonvariational continuum models commonly used to describe active matter as well as other active systems exhibit nongeneric behavior: each model supports asymmetric but stationary localized states even in the absence of pinning at heterogeneities. Moreover, such states only begin to drift following a drift-transcritical bifurcation as the activity increases. Asymmetric stationary states should only exist in variational systems, i.e., in models with gradient structure. In other words, such states are expected in passive systems, but not in active systems where the gradient structure of the model is broken by activity. We identify a "spurious" gradient dynamics structure of these models that is responsible for this nongeneric behavior, and determine the types of additional terms that render the models generic, i.e., with asymmetric states that appear via drift-pitchfork bifurcations and are generically moving. We provide detailed illustrations of our results using numerical continuation of resting and steadily drifting states in both generic and nongeneric cases.
Shadow of the $5D$ Reissner-Nordström AdS Black Hole
Creators: name: Mandal, Surajit
name: Upadhyay, Sudhaker
name: Myrzakulov, Yerlan
name: Yergaliyeva, Gulmira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the shadow cast by the charged Reissner-Nordström (RN) AdS black hole. With the help of Killing equation and Hamilton-Jacobi equation, we calculate the geodesic equations for null particle. With the help of geodesics of null particle, we then determine the celestial coordinates ($α$, $β$) and the shadow radius of the RN AdS black hole. We present a graphical analysis of the black hole shadow and find that shadow is a perfectly dark circle. The impacts of charge and cosmological constant of the RN AdS black hole on the radius of shadow are also presented. In this connection, radius of the shadow is a decreasing function of the charge. Furthermore, we study the effects of plasma medium on the RN AdS black hole shadow. Here, we find that radius of circular shadow increases with increasing plasma parameter. In addition, we also discuss the energy emission rate of RN AdS black hole. The effects of parameters like charge, cosmological constant and plasma parameter on energy emission rate are analyzed graphically.
description: 23 pages, 19 captioned figures
Novel relaxation time approximation: a consistent calculation of transport coefficients with QCD-inspired relaxation times
Creators: name: Rocha, Gabriel S.
name: Denicol, Gabriel S.
name: Ferreira, Maurício N.
name: Noronha, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a novel formulation of the relaxation time approximation to consistently calculate the bulk and shear viscosity coefficients using QCD-inspired energy-dependent relaxation times and phenomenological thermal masses obtained from fits to lattice QCD thermodynamics. The matching conditions are conveniently chosen to simplify the computations.
description: Proceedings for the XXIXth International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter 2022). 6 pages, 1 figure
Anomalous Ward identities for on-shell amplitudes at the conformal fixed point
Creators: name: Chicherin, Dmitry
name: Henn, Johannes
name: Zoia, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Conformal symmetry underlies many massless quantum field theories, but little is known about the consequences of this powerful symmetry for on-shell scattering amplitudes. Working in a dimensionally-regularised $ϕ^3$ model at the conformal fixed point, we show that the on-shell renormalised amplitudes satisfy anomalous conformal Ward identities. Each external on-shell state contributes two terms to the anomaly. The first term is proportional to the elementary field anomalous dimension, and thus involves only lower-loop information. We show that the second term can be given as the convolution of a universal collinear function and lower-order amplitudes. The computation of the conformal anomaly is therefore simpler than that of the amplitude at the same perturbative order, which gives our anomalous conformal Ward identities a strong predictive power in perturbation theory. Finally, we show that our result is also of practical importance for dimensionally-regularised amplitudes away from the conformal fixed point.
description: 31 pages + 5 appendices, 7 figures. v2: references added, improved presentation in section 3.5. v3: improved presentation
Fisher information matrix as a resource measure in resource theory of asymmetry with general connected Lie group symmetry
Creators: name: Kudo, Daigo
name: Tajima, Hiroyasu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years, in quantum information theory, there has been a remarkable development in the general theoretical framework for studying symmetry in dynamics. This development, called resource theory of asymmetry, is expected to have a wide range of applications, from accurate time measurements to black hole physics. Despite its importance, the foundation of resource theory of asymmetry still has room for expansion. An important problem is in quantifying the amount of resource. When the symmetry prescribed U(1), i.e., with a single conserved quantity, the quantum Fisher information is known as a resource measure that has suitable properties and a clear physical meaning related to quantum fluctuation of the conserved quantity. However, it is not clear what is the resource measure with such suitable properties when a general symmetry prevails for which there are multiple conserved quantities. The purpose of this paper is to fill this gap. Specifically, we show that the quantum Fisher information matrix is a resource measure whenever a connected linear Lie group describes the symmetry. We also consider the physical meaning of this matrix and see which properties that the quantum Fisher information has when the symmetry is described by $U(1)$ can be inherited by the quantum Fisher information matrix.
Annual report on external communications for impact assessment January - December 2022 (D5.13)
Creators: name: Tcherny-Lessenot, Stéphanie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: For this report on the fourth year of the ConcePTION project, the main communication activities were related to engage key stakeholders in the ConcePTION ecosystem and to stimulate reporting on medicine use during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Digital-analog co-design of the Harrow-Hassidim-Lloyd algorithm
Creators: name: Martin, Ana
name: Ibarrondo, Ruben
name: Sanz, Mikel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Harrow-Hassidim-Lloyd quantum algorithm was proposed to solve linear systems of equations $A\vec{x} = \vec{b}$ and it is the core of various applications. However, there is not an explicit quantum circuit for the subroutine which maps the inverse of the problem matrix $A$ into an ancillary qubit. This makes challenging the implementation in current quantum devices, forcing us to use hybrid approaches. Here, we propose a systematic manner to implement this subroutine, which can be adapted to other functions $f(A)$ of the matrix $A$, we present a co-designed quantum processor which reduces the depth of the algorithm, and we introduce its digital-analog implementation. The depth of our proposal scales with the precision $ε$ as $\mathcal{O}(ε^{-1})$, which is bounded by the number of samples allowed for a certain experiment. The co-design of the Harrow-Hassidim-Lloyd algorithm leads to a "kite-like" architecture, which allows us to reduce the number of required SWAP gates. Finally, merging a co-design quantum processor architecture with a digital-analog implementation contributes to the reduction of noise sources during the experimental realization of the algorithm.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
A method for estimating spatial resolution of real image in the Fourier domain
Creators: name: Mizutani, Ryuta
name: Saiga, Rino
name: Takekoshi, Susumu
name: Inomoto, Chie
name: Nakamura, Naoya
name: Itokawa, Masanari
name: Arai, Makoto
name: Oshima, Kenichi
name: Takeuchi, Akihisa
name: Uesugi, Kentaro
name: Terada, Yasuko
name: Suzuki, Yoshio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spatial resolution is a fundamental parameter in structural sciences. In crystallography, the resolution is determined from the detection limit of high-angle diffraction in reciprocal space. In electron microscopy, correlation in the Fourier domain is used for estimating the resolution. In this paper, we report a method for estimating the spatial resolution of real images from a logarithmic intensity plot in the Fourier domain. The logarithmic intensity plots of test images indicated that the full width at half maximum of a Gaussian point-spread function can be estimated from the images. The spatial resolution of imaging X-ray microtomography using Fresnel zone-plate optics was also estimated with this method. A cross section of a test object visualized with the imaging microtomography indicated that square-wave patterns up to 120-nm pitch were resolved. The logarithmic intensity plot was calculated from a tomographic cross section of brain tissue. The full width at half maximum of the point spread function estimated from the plot coincided with the resolution determined from the test object. These results indicated that the logarithmic intensity plot in the Fourier domain provides an alternative measure of the spatial resolution without explicitly defining a noise criterion.
description: 27 pages, 8 figures, 1 table
Distributional Actor-Critic Ensemble for Uncertainty-Aware Continuous Control
Creators: name: Kanazawa, Takuya
name: Wang, Haiyan
name: Gupta, Chetan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Uncertainty quantification is one of the central challenges for machine learning in real-world applications. In reinforcement learning, an agent confronts two kinds of uncertainty, called epistemic uncertainty and aleatoric uncertainty. Disentangling and evaluating these uncertainties simultaneously stands a chance of improving the agent's final performance, accelerating training, and facilitating quality assurance after deployment. In this work, we propose an uncertainty-aware reinforcement learning algorithm for continuous control tasks that extends the Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient algorithm (DDPG). It exploits epistemic uncertainty to accelerate exploration and aleatoric uncertainty to learn a risk-sensitive policy. We conduct numerical experiments showing that our variant of DDPG outperforms vanilla DDPG without uncertainty estimation in benchmark tasks on robotic control and power-grid optimization.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures. Accepted to International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN 2022), July 18-23, Padua, Italy
A Holistic Approach to Predicting Top Quark Kinematic Properties with the Covariant Particle Transformer
Creators: name: Qiu, Shikai
name: Han, Shuo
name: Ju, Xiangyang
name: Nachman, Benjamin
name: Wang, Haichen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Precise reconstruction of top quark properties is a challenging task at the Large Hadron Collider due to combinatorial backgrounds and missing information. We introduce a physics-informed neural network architecture called the Covariant Particle Transformer (CPT) for directly predicting the top quark kinematic properties from reconstructed final state objects. This approach is permutation invariant and partially Lorentz covariant and can account for a variable number of input objects. In contrast to previous machine learning-based reconstruction methods, CPT is able to predict top quark four-momenta regardless of the jet multiplicity in the event. Using simulations, we show that the CPT performs favorably compared with other machine learning top quark reconstruction approaches.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures. v2: fixed incorrect reference
title: Agenda voor de Toekomst Sedimenttransport op verschillende tijdschalen: deelrapport 28. Factual data rapport kenteringsmetingen 2022
Creators: name: Plancke, Yves
name: Meire, Dieter
Publisher: name: Flanders Hydraulics
Year: 2023

description: Title : WL Rapporten. Waterbouwkundig Laboratorium: Antwerpen. Volume : 17_088_28 Issue : Pagination : VII, 23 + 35 p. bijl.
A first-principles calculation of electron-phonon interactions for the $\text{C}_2\text{C}_\text{N}$ and $\text{V}_\text{N}\text{N}_\text{B}$ defects in hexagonal boron nitride
Creators: name: Sharman, Kenneth
name: Golami, Omid
name: Wein, Stephen
name: Zadeh-Haghighi, Hadi
name: da Rocha, Claudia Gomes
name: Kubanek, Alexander
name: Simon, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum emitters in two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) have generated significant interest due to observations of ultra-bright emission made at room temperature. The expectation that solid-state emitters exhibit broad zero-phonon lines at elevated temperatures has been put in question by recent observations of Fourier transform (FT) limited photons emitted from h-BN flakes at room temperature. The mechanism responsible for the narrow lines has been suggested to be a mechanical decoupling from in-plane phonons due to an out-of-plane distortion of the emitter's orbitals. All decoupled emitters produce photons that are directed in-plane, suggesting that the dipoles are oriented perpendicular to the h-BN plane. Motivated by the promise of an efficient and scalable source of indistinguishable photons that can operate at room temperature, we have developed an approach using density functional theory (DFT) to determine the electron-phonon coupling for defects that have in- and out-of-plane transition dipole moments. Our DFT calculations reveal that the $\text{C}_2 \text{C}_\text{N}$ defect has an in-plane transition dipole moment, and that of the $\text{V}_\text{N} \text{N}_\text{B}$ defect is perpendicular to the plane. We exploit the two-dimensional framework recently implemented in \texttt{QUANTUM ESPRESSO} to determine both the phonon density of states and the electron-phonon matrix elements associated with the h-BN defective structures. We find no indication that an out-of-plane transition dipole is sufficient to obtain FT-limited photons at room temperature. Our work also provides direction to future DFT software developments and adds to the growing list of calculations relevant to researchers in the field of solid-state quantum information processing.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Estimation of presampling modulation transfer function in synchrotron radiation microtomography
Creators: name: Mizutani, Ryuta
name: Taguchi, Keisuke
name: Takeuchi, Akihisa
name: Uesugi, Kentaro
name: Suzuki, Yoshio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spatial resolution achieved by recent synchrotron radiation microtomographs should be estimated from the modulation transfer function (MTF) on the micrometer scale. Step response functions of a synchrotron radiation microtomograph were determined by the slanted edge method by using high-precision surfaces of diamond crystal and ion-milled aluminum wire. Tilted reconstruction was introduced to enable any edge to be used as the slanted edge by defining the reconstruction pixel matrix in an arbitrary orientation. MTFs were estimated from the step response functions of the slanted edges. The obtained MTFs coincided with MTF values estimated from square-wave patterns milled on the aluminum surface. Although x-ray refraction influences should be taken into account to evaluate MTFs, any flat surfaces with nanometer roughness can be used to determine the spatial resolutions of microtomographs.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures
The unambiguous Lorentz-violating induced terms
Creators: name: Vieira, A. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we show that surface terms, which map dependence on regularization, can be fixed requiring momentum routing invariance of tadpoles or diagrams with more external legs. This condition makes the Lorentz-violating terms induced by quantum corrections determined and uniques.
description: Presented at the Ninth Meeting on CPT and Lorentz Symmetry, Bloomington, Indiana, May 17-26, 2022
Die Globalisierung hat ein menschliches Gesicht
Creators: name: Bhagwati, Jagdish
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Die Globalisierung ist das Objekt vieler Kritiker. Die Jüngeren sehen sie als bösartige Macht in Bezug auf soziale Agenden. Arbeiter betrachten sie als schädlichen Einfluss auf ihren materiellen Wohlstand. Beide Arten der Angst und der resultierende Widerstand gegen die (wirtschaftliche) Globalisierung sind unbegründet.
description: Südasien, Bd. 30 Nr. 1 (2010): Ist eine andere Welt noch möglich? - Globalisierung aus indischer Perspektive