cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On the Economic Determinants of Oil Production. Theoretical Analysis and Empirical Evidence for Small Exporting Countries
Creators: name: Cologni, Alessandro
name: Manera, Matteo
name: Cologni, Alessandro
name: Manera, Matteo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Oil Production
subject: Exogenous Shocks
subject: Theoretical Modelling
subject: Time Series Analysis

description: In this paper, decisions regarding production in oil exporting countries are studied by means of theoretical analysis and empirical investigation. Under the assumptions of exogenous oil prices and world oil demand, we are able to describe the relationship between oil production levels and changes in the conditions in world oil markets. Intertemporal production decisions by a representative oil producer are modelled by means of a partial equilibrium model. In this theoretical model, oil producers are subject to exogenous shocks in world oil demand and prices. Oil companies can change output levels only by incurring a fixed cost. Results from the simulation of this model show a strong relationship between oil production and changes in world oil consumption. On the contrary, the effects of changes in real oil prices on oil production decisions seem to be much lower. Results from the simulation of the theoretical model are then empirically investigated using time-series econometric techniques. The empirical evidence supports the hypothesis that several oil producing countries are characterized by different responses to changes in world oil demand and in real oil prices. For many countries production rapidly adjusts to changes in consumption whereas responses of oil production to innovations in real oil prices are found to be not statistically significant. In addition, when non-linearities in the relationship between exogenous variables and output levels are allowed for, evidence of asymmetric effects of output levels to shocks in demand levels and oil prices is found.
Low-Temperature Glassy Response of Ultrathin Manganite Films to Electric and Magnetic Fields
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, A.
name: Eblen-Zayas, M.
name: Staley, N. E.
name: Kobrinskii, A. L.
name: Goldman, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The glassy response of thin films of La0.8Ca0.2MnO3 to external magnetic and gated electrostatic fields in a field-effect geometry has been studied at low temperatures. A hierarchical response with irreversible memory effects, non-ergodic time evolution, aging and annealing behavior of the resistance suggest that the dynamics are governed by strain relaxation for both electronic and magnetic perturbations. Cross-coupling of charge, spin, and strain have been exploited to tune the coercivity of an ultrathin manganite film by electrostatic gating.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Perturbative Renormalisation of the Second Moment of Generalised Parton Distributions
Creators: name: Göckeler, M.
name: Horsley, R.
name: Perlt, H.
name: Rakow, P. E. L.
name: Schäfer, A.
name: Schierholz, G.
name: Schiller, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the non-forward quark matrix elements of operators with two covariant derivatives needed for the renormalisation of the second moment of generalised parton distributions in one-loop lattice perturbation theory using Wilson fermions. For some representations of the hypercubic group commonly used in simulations we determine the sets of all possible mixing operators. For those representations the one-loop mixing matrices of renormalisation factors are found. Due to non-vanishing contributions of operators with external ordinary derivatives the number of contributing operators increases compared to forward matrix elements.
description: 25 pages
Effective heuristic methods for DNA strand design
Creators: name: Tulpan, Dan C.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Sets of DNA strands that satisfy combinatorial and thermodynamic properties play an important role in various approaches to biomolecular computations, nano structure design, molecular tagging, and DNA microarrays. The problem of designing such sets of DNA strands appears to be computationally hard. This thesis introduces new algorithms for design of DNA strand sets that satisfy any of several combinatorial and thermodynamic constraints, which aim to maximize desired hybridization between strands and their complements, while minimizing undesired cross-hybridizations. To heuristically search for good strand sets for bio-computing applications, our algorithms use a conflict-driven stochastic local search approach, which is known to be effective in solving comparable search problems. We describe new and improved thermodynamic measures of the quality of strand sets. With respect to these measures of quality, our algorithms consistently find, within reasonable time, sets that are significantly better than previously published sets in the literature. We also present a detailed analysis and selection of heuristics for improving the quality of DNA strand selection criteria with direct applications in microarray probe design.
title: Die Hauptergebnisse der Eidgenössischen Volkszählung vom 1. Dezember 1920 im Kanton Zürich
title: Statistische Mittheilungen betreffend den Kanton Zürich
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: Statistische Mitteilungen betreffend den Kanton Zürich
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: mit Berücksichtigung der Gemeindeverhältnisse und der Gliederung der politischen Gemeinden in Einzel-Siedelungen (Dörfer, Ortschaften, Weiler und Höfe)
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Buchdruckerei Geschwister Ziegler
Year: 1924
Subjects: subject: 314 Allgemeine Statistiken zu Europa
subject: 330 Wirtschaft
subject: Kanton Zürich
subject: Amtliche Statistik
subject: Bevölkerungsstatistik
subject: Volkszählung

description: Mit einer Karte: Klassifikation der Gemeinden nach der überwiegenden Erwerbstätigkeit der Bevölkerung.
Ecological niche evolution within the echinoid Arbacia Gray, 1835 (Echinoidea: Arbacioida)
Creators: name: COURVILLE, Erwan
name: HEIJENS, Juliette
name: GUILLAUMOT, Charlène
name: POULIN, Elie
name: SAUCEDE, Thomas
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2024

description: Past biogeographic events and environmental changes, along with ecological niche evolution are determining factors of species diversity and distribution. Studying species niche evolution can help improve our understanding of determining factors underpinning species evolution with regards to past biogeographic events and infer speciation processes at the origin of clades. In the present work, the ecological niche of all extant species of the echinoid Arbacia Gray, 1835 and of the related fossil species of the Pliocene, Arbacia improcera (Conrad, 1843) was characterized using Ecological Niche Modeling that enable a comprehensive representation of the species fundamental niche. Unlike many other echinoids, species of Arbacia are distributed in both tropical and temperate seas and show highly contrasting distribution patterns making the genus an interesting case study of ecological niche evolution. Comparison of ecological niches between closely related species provided insight on the importance of ecological niche evolution with regards to the genus phylogeny and the fossil record. Main results highlighted the importance of niche differentiation between species, but also between genetic units within a same species. This result holds true when comparing with their Pliocene relative and classic biogeographic scenarios.
Coherent Microwave Control of a Nuclear Spin Ensemble at Room Temperature
Creators: name: Huillery, P.
name: Leibold, J.
name: Delord, T.
name: Nicolas, L.
name: Achard, J.
name: Tallaire, A.
name: Hétet, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use nominally forbidden electron-nuclear spin transitions in nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond to demonstrate coherent manipulation of a nuclear spin ensemble using microwave fields at room temperature. We show that employing an off-axis magnetic field with a modest amplitude($\approx$ 0.01 T) at an angle with respect to the NV natural quantization axes is enough to tilt the direction of the electronic spins, and enable efficient spin exchange with the nitrogen nuclei of the NV center. We could then demonstrate fast Rabi oscillations on electron-nuclear spin exchanging transitions, coherent population trapping and polarization of nuclear spin ensembles in the microwave regime. Coupling many electronic spins of NV centers to their intrinsic nuclei offers full scalability with respect to the number of controllable spins and provides prospects for transduction. In particular, the technique could be applied to long-lived storage of microwave photons and to the coupling of nuclear spins to mechanical oscillators in the resolved sideband regime.
description: 15 pages, 14 figures
Body form transition in the juvenile crown-of-thorns sea star from the 5-armed metamorphosed juvenile to the multi-armed body dominated by the central disk
Creators: name: BYRNE, Maria
name: CLEMENTS, Matt J.
name: HILL, Ronan T.
name: SELVAKUMARASWAMY, Paulina
name: WEBB, Monique S.
name: WILSON, Liam J.
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2024

description: The crown-of-thorns sea star (COTS, Acanthaster sp.) is an ecologically important coral predator that in aggregations causes major loss of coral in Indo-Pacific reefs. In the absence of coral prey, juvenile COTS can remain as herbivores for some time with ensuing growth stasis. Due to their cryptic habitat, they are difficult to study and so their biology is poorly understood. We documented body form transition in herbivorous juvenile COTS from the 5-armed metamorphosed juvenile to the advanced multi-armed stage to 10 months of age. Growth parameters (total diameter, central disk diameter, mouth diameter, arm number and length) were quantified. As the juveniles grew, they changed from the stellate form to a disk shape, developing a large central disk and adding arms. The central disk expanded to obscure the basal portion of the arms. Arm length on aboral view was ~ 50% of the oral ambulacral length. The large mouth occupied ~ 40% of the oral side of the disk. Morphological growth dynamics highlight the large size of the central disk region of the body to accommodate digestive-nutritive storage capacity and the voluminous stomach of the future adult, as a specialisation for corallivory.
Additional file 5 of Inconsistent descriptions of lumbar multifidus morphology: A scoping review
Creators: name: Hofste, Anke
name: Soer, Remko
name: Hermie J. Hermens
name: Wagner, Heiko
name: Oosterveld, Frits G. J.
name: Wolff, André P.
name: Groen, Gerbrand J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 5. Legend of Additional files 3 and 4.
The Role of Pressure in GMC Formation
Creators: name: Blitz, Leo
name: Rosolowsky, Erik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the hypothesis that hydrostatic pressure alone determines the ratio of atomic to molecular gas averaged over a particular radius in disk galaxies. The hypothesis implies that the transition radius, the location where the ratio is unity, should always occur at the same value of stellar surface density in all galaxies. We examine data for 28 galaxies and find that the stellar surface density at the transition radius is indeed constant to 40% at a value of 120 M_sun/pc^2. If the hypothesis can be confirmed at all radii within a large range of galaxy types and metallicities, combining it with the observed constancy of the star formation rate with H_2 surface density may enable a physically motivated star formation prescription with wide applicability.
description: 4 pages, 1 Figure, Accepted to ApJ Letters
Focus on the morphology of Ophioderma Müller & Troschel, 1840 from the Algerian west coast
Creators: name: LEBOUAZDA, Zineb
name: MEZALI, Karim
name: SOUALILI, Dina Lila
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2024

description: Brittle stars are a very common in Mediterranean Sea and the west Algerian coast. This work aimed to discuss the global morphology of Ophioderma longicaudum found at the Algerian west coast. Our results showed a strong morphological variability between individual resembling to more than three species of Ophioderma namely O. hybridum O. zibrowii and O. longicaudum (despite being genetically affiliated to Ophioderma longicaudum). Generally, this population was characterized by multiple and flat dorsal arm plates and a mixed radial shield. The number of arm spines and oral papillae was ranged from 7 to 10. The ventral arm plates were flat, unspotted and with a convex distal edge.
Approaches to understanding echinoderm origins. Part 1: Conceptual and empirical models
Creators: name: LEFEBVRE, Bertrand
name: MOOI, Rich
name: GUENSBURG, Thomas E.
name: DUPICHAUD, Christophe
name: NOHEJLOVÁ, Martina
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2024

description: Echinoderms are so highly derived compared with other deuterostomes, including their sister group, hemichordates, that comparisons of body plans are sometimes accompanied by points of view enjoying varying levels of morphological, paleontological, and especially, embryological support. No echinoderm taxon has been the subject of more contentious debate than the carpoids, a disparate assemblage of non-pentaradial, flattened echinoderms that includes the Cincta, Ctenocystoidea, Soluta, and Stylophora. Because of their unusual morphologies, the phylogenetic position and significance of carpoids concerning the origins of the Echinodermata are still being evaluated. A detailed review of carpoid research over the past century and a half reveals that the debate largely results from methodological issues employing two basic, but very different models. Conceptual models, usually imbued with Haeckelian principles, consider the absence of a single character (pentaradial symmetry) as a recapitulation of the pre-metamorphic larval stage of echinoderms, forcing unusual taxa that also lack pentaradiality down the phylum's phylogenetic tree. Such scenarios assume that first echinoderms had a bilaterian-type anterior-posterior axis. Empirical models rely on comparison of non-pentaradial early forms with a wide array of data obtained from extant and fossil echinoderms. These data support a view in which larval morphologies of echinoderms are not represented in the fossil record of echinoderms, and that pentaradial symmetry was secondarily lost in carpoids, just as it was in many other coeval types of echinoderms.
Observation of two thresholds leading to polariton condensation in 2D hybrid perovskites
Creators: name: Polimeno, Laura
name: Fieramosca, Antonio
name: Lerario, Giovanni
name: Cinquino, Marco
name: De Giorgi, Milena
name: Ballarini, Dario
name: Todisco, Francesco
name: Dominici, Lorenzo
name: Ardizzone, Vincenzo
name: Pugliese, Marco
name: Prontera, Carmela T.
name: Maiorano, Vincenzo
name: Gigli, Giuseppe
name: De Marco, Luisa
name: Sanvitto, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two dimensional (2D) perovskites are promising materials for photonic applications, given their outstanding nonlinear optical properties, ease of fabrication and versatility. In particular, exploiting their high oscillator strength, the crystalline form of 2D perovskites can be used as excitonic medium in optical microcavities, allowing for the study of their optical properties in the strong light-matter coupling regime. While polariton condensation has been observed in different materials at room temperature, here we observe for the first time two distinct threshold processes in a 2D perovskite, a material that has never shown spontaneous phase transition up to now. In particular, we demonstrate lasing from the bi-exciton state which contributes to populate the lower polariton branch and, at higher excitation powers, eventually leads to the formation of a polariton condensate. The emission linewidth narrowing and a spatial coherence over 50 x 50 um2 area are the smoking gun, the formation of a quantum coherent state in 2D hybrid perovskite. Our results not only show the formation of a polariton condensate in 2D perovskites but they are also crucial for the understanding of the physical mechanisms that leads to coherent phase transition in perovskite-based polariton microcavities.
Exogenous Oil Shocks, Fiscal Policy and Sector Reallocations in Oil Producing Countries
Creators: name: Cologni, Alessandro
name: Manera, Matteo
name: Cologni, Alessandro
name: Manera, Matteo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Oil Shocks
subject: Dutch Disease
subject: Resource Curse and Real Business Cycle Modelling

description: Previous literature has suggested that different mechanisms of transmission of exogenous oil shocks are responsible for the negative effects on the economic performances of oil exporting countries. This paper aims at providing further evidence on the role of sectoral reallocation between private and public sectors in explaining the impact of shocks to oil revenues on the economic growth rates of major oil producing countries (namely the GCC - Gulf Corporation Council - countries). The effects of oil shocks and expansionary fiscal policy on the business cycle of oil producing countries are examined. The possibility to distinguish between various components of public sector spending policy (that is, purchases of consumption goods, investments in productive activities and compensation for public employees) is, in particular, allowed for. A real business cycle (RBC) model is calibrated to fit the data on an “average” oil producing country. Results from the simulation of the theoretical model suggest that the possibility that crowding-out effects of public over private investments can explain a large fraction of the negative effects of shocks to oil revenues on the private sector of the economy. In addition, since the growth in size of the public sector is unable to compensate for the reduction in size of the private sector, an increase in oil revenues has the effect to decrease total output. An expansionary fiscal policy is argued to have significant positive effects on private investments, employment and overall production. On the contrary, a shock to government consumption expenditure impacts negatively the level of public investment. As employment in the public sector increases significantly, public output responds positively to a shock in government consumption expenditure. Finally, an instantaneous negative effect on total investments and on the stock of capital in the economy is predicted. However, driven by the increase of the number of employees in the economy, total output expands.
Stochastic bounds for Levy processes
Creators: name: Doney, R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G51, 60G17 (Primary)

description: Using the Wiener-Hopf factorization, it is shown that it is possible to bound the path of an arbitrary Levy process above and below by the paths of two random walks. These walks have the same step distribution, but different random starting points. In principle, this allows one to deduce Levy process versions of many known results about the large-time behavior of random walks. This is illustrated by establishing a comprehensive theorem about Levy processes which converge to \infty in probability.
description: Published by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org) in the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009117904000000315
Ultrastructural description of surface receptors in the bioluminescent brittle star Amphiura filiformis (Müller, 1776)
Creators: name: BAYAERT, Wendy Shirley
name: DUCHATELET, Laurent
name: SILLANPÄÄ, Kirsikka
name: DUPONT, Sam
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2024

description: Stäbchen are specific sensory receptors distributed along the integument of brittle stars (Ophiuroidea: Echinodermata). Found on the surface of spines and podia, these structures correspond to cuticular projections where one or more ciliated cellular processes terminate. Stäbchen are presumed to play a functional role in chemo- and/or mechanoreception. Structurally, the stäbchen of the bioluminescent brittle star Amphiura filiformis can be categorised into two types: (i) long-cilium cylindrical stäbchen, and (ii) short-cilium conical stäbchen. Electron microscopy analyses revealed a close and intricate association of the spine stäbchen with underlying luminous cells, known as photocytes. In vivo luminometry experiments have demonstrated that A. filiformis is sensitive to mechanical stimuli and to seawater containing injured conspecifics, responding by emitting blue luminescent flashes. These combined results suggest that spine stäbchen could be involved in initiating the light emission process.
Μουσικολογική ανάλυση με έμφαση την Μορφολογία και την Τροπικότητα των Δοξαστικών Ιδιομέλων των Αίνων των Κυριακών του Πεντηκοσταρίου, σε μελοποιήσεις του Πέτρου Λαμπαδαρίου και του Ιακώβου Πρωτοψάλτου
Creators: name: Καρέτσος, Ελευθέριος Αχιλλεύς
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2023
Subjects: Μουσικολογική ανάλυση
Δοξαστικά Ιδιόμελα
Πέτρος Λαμπαδάριος και Ιάκωβος Πρωτοψάλτης
Musicological analysis
Doxastica Idiomela
Petros Lampadarios and Iakovos Protopsaltis

description: Στην παρούσα εργασία αναλύονται τα Δοξαστικά ιδιόμελα των αίνων των Κυριακών του Πεντηκοσταρίου σε μελοποιήσεις του Πέτρου του Λαμπαδαρίου και του Ιακώβου του Πρωτοψάλτου. Πραγματοποιείται μια θεολογική προσέγγιση των εορτών του Πεντηκοσταρίου καθώς και μια προσεγγιστική μετάφραση των υμνογραφικών κειμένων που αξιοποιούνται. Επιπλέον, ύστερα από μια σύντομη επισήμανση των βιογραφιών των μελοποιών, αναγράφεται η μεθοδολογία σύμφωνα με την οποία πραγματοποιήθηκε η ανάλυση των δοξαστικών ιδιομέλων. Για την μουσικολογική ανάλυση τα μουσικά κείμενα προβάλλονται αντιπαραβολικά μέσω γραμμών εξηγητικής μεσοβυζαντινής και νεοβυζαντινής σημειογραφίας καθώς και μεταγραφών αυτών στο πεντάγραμμο. Τα ποικίλα μουσικολογικά στοιχεία των αντιπαραβολών επισημαίνονται μέσω πινάκων, ένας για κάθε ιδιόμελο, οι οποίοι σχολιάζονται και συγκρίνονται μέσω άλλων πινάκων και επεξηγηματικών παραγράφων. Καταλήγοντας, σύμφωνα με τις συγκρίσεις επισημαίνονται τα γενικά συμπεράσματα κυρίως μορφολογικού και τροπικού ενδιαφέροντος.
description: The present study attempts to analyze the Doxasticha idiomela of the praises of the Sundays in the period of Pentecostarion, composed by Petros Lampadarios and Iakovos Protopsaltis. Firstly, the festal days of the Pentecostarion are approached theologically and the hymnographic text is translated from the ancient to the modern Greek language. In addition, after the note of the composers’ biographies, the methodology of the analyzation of the current musical compositions is mentioned. For the musicological analyzation the musical parts are projected parabolic through lines of explanatory midbyzantine and new-byzantine notations as well as transcripts of them on the stave. The various musicological elements of the comparisons are highlighted through tables, one for each individual idiomelo, which are commented and compared through other tables and explanatory paragraphs. In conclusion, according to the comparisons, the general conclusions of mainly morphological and tropical interest are pointed out.
Learning with Weak Supervision for Email Intent Detection
Creators: name: Shu, Kai
name: Mukherjee, Subhabrata
name: Zheng, Guoqing
name: Awadallah, Ahmed Hassan
name: Shokouhi, Milad
name: Dumais, Susan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Email remains one of the most frequently used means of online communication. People spend a significant amount of time every day on emails to exchange information, manage tasks and schedule events. Previous work has studied different ways for improving email productivity by prioritizing emails, suggesting automatic replies or identifying intents to recommend appropriate actions. The problem has been mostly posed as a supervised learning problem where models of different complexities were proposed to classify an email message into a predefined taxonomy of intents or classes. The need for labeled data has always been one of the largest bottlenecks in training supervised models. This is especially the case for many real-world tasks, such as email intent classification, where large scale annotated examples are either hard to acquire or unavailable due to privacy or data access constraints. Email users often take actions in response to intents expressed in an email (e.g., setting up a meeting in response to an email with a scheduling request). Such actions can be inferred from user interaction logs. In this paper, we propose to leverage user actions as a source of weak supervision, in addition to a limited set of annotated examples, to detect intents in emails. We develop an end-to-end robust deep neural network model for email intent identification that leverages both clean annotated data and noisy weak supervision along with a self-paced learning mechanism. Extensive experiments on three different intent detection tasks show that our approach can effectively leverage the weakly supervised data to improve intent detection in emails.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 4 of Inconsistent descriptions of lumbar multifidus morphology: A scoping review
Creators: name: Hofste, Anke
name: Soer, Remko
name: Hermie J. Hermens
name: Wagner, Heiko
name: Oosterveld, Frits G. J.
name: Wolff, André P.
name: Groen, Gerbrand J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4. Studies that measured thickness of lumbar multifidus.
Estimating Ricardian Models With Panel Data
Creators: name: Massetti, Emanuele
name: Mendelsohn, Robert
name: Massetti, Emanuele
name: Mendelsohn, Robert
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Climate Change
subject: Impacts
subject: Agriculture
subject: Hedonic Models

description: Many nonmarket valuation models, such as the Ricardian model, have been estimated using cross sectional methods with a single year of data. Although multiple years of data should increase the robustness of such methods, repeated cross sections suggest the results are not stable. We argue that repeated cross sections do not properly specify the model. Panel methods that correctly specify the Ricardian model are stable over time. The results suggest that many cross sectional methods including hedonic studies and travel cost studies could be enhanced using panel data.
Keeping up reliable biogeographic information in a changing taxonomy: three asteroid tales
Creators: name: DUCARME, Frédéric
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2024

description: The number of described echinoderm species is constantly increasing, especially thanks to the progress of genetic studies. Many species once considered widely distributed are now separated into several variants, not always recognizable from their morphology. However, a large part of the biological information, especially concerning the ecology and distribution of the source species, is extremely difficult to reattribute, and large quantities of data are thus rendered obsolete, or even distorted because of misattribution. This fact has several worrying consequences, from both a scientific and conservation points of view, because the distribution ranges of these new species can become totally mysterious and easily overestimated. This contribution proposes to illustrate this problem with three Indo-Pacific examples: one sea star that has retained its putative vast original range despite having been split into several dozen regional species, another whose problematic ecology has to be completely reassessed since it was split into (at least) 4 new species, and finally one whose actual range has been overestimated at an oceanic scale by an erroneous scientific consensus for over a century.
Potential function of simplified protein models for discriminating native proteins from decoys: Combining contact interaction and local sequence-dependent geometry
Creators: name: Zhang, Jinfeng
name: Chen, Rong
name: Liang, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: An effective potential function is critical for protein structure prediction and folding simulation. For simplified models of proteins where coordinates of only $C_α$ atoms need to be specified, an accurate potential function is important. Such a simplified model is essential for efficient search of conformational space. In this work, we present a formulation of potential function for simplified representations of protein structures. It is based on the combination of descriptors derived from residue-residue contact and sequence-dependent local geometry. The optimal weight coefficients for contact and local geometry is obtained through optimization by maximizing margins among native and decoy structures. The latter are generated by chain growth and by gapless threading. The performance of the potential function in blind test of discriminating native protein structures from decoys is evaluated using several benchmark decoy sets. This potential function have comparable or better performance than several residue-based potential functions that require in addition coordinates of side chain centers or coordinates of all side chain atoms.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, Accepted by 26th IEEE-EMBS Conference, San Francisco
Bound states of a Klein-Gordon particle in presence of a smooth potential well
Creators: name: López, Eduardo
name: Rojas, Clara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We solve the one-dimensional time-independent Klein-Gordon equation in presence of a smooth potential well. The bound state solutions are given in terms of the Whittaker $M_{κ,μ}(x)$ function, and the antiparticle bound state is discussed in terms of potential parameters.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures. International Journal of Modern Physics A (2020)
Informing the Financing of Universal Energy Access: An Assessment of Current Flows
Creators: name: Bazilian, Morgan
name: Nussbaumer, Patrick
name: Gualberti, Giorgio
name: Haites, Erik
name: Levi, Michael
name: Siegel, Judy
name: Kammen, Daniel M.
name: Fenhann, Joergen
name: Bazilian, Morgan
name: Nussbaumer, Patrick
name: Gualberti, Giorgio
name: Haites, Erik
name: Levi, Michael
name: Siegel, Judy
name: Kammen, Daniel M.
name: Fenhann, Joergen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Energy Access
subject: Energy Finance
subject: Financial flows

description: Energy poverty is widely recognized as a major obstacle to economic and social development and poverty alleviation. To help inform the design of appropriate and effective policies to reduce energy poverty, we present a brief analysis of the current macro financial flows in the electricity and gas distribution sectors in developing countries. We build on the methodology used to quantify the flows of investment in the climate change area. This methodology relies on national gross fixed capital formation, overseas development assistance, and foreign direct investment. These high-level and aggregated investment figures provide a sense of scale to policy-makers, but are only a small part of the information required to design financial vehicles. In addition, these figures tend to mask numerous variations between sectors and countries, as well as trends and other temporal fluctuations. Nonetheless, for the poorest countries, one can conclude that the current flows are considerably short (at least five times) of what will be required to provide a basic level of access to clean, modern energy services to the “energy poor”.
Novel heuristic search methods for protein folding and identification of folding pathways
Creators: name: Shmygelska, Alena
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Proteins form the very basis of life. If we were to open up any living cell, we would find, apart from DNA and RNA molecules whose primary role is to store genetic information, a large number of different proteins that comprise the cell itself (for example the cell membrane and organelles), as well as a diverse set of enzymes that catalyze various metabolic reactions. If enzymes were absent, the cell would not be able to function, since a number of metabolic reactions would not be possible. Functions of proteins are the consequences of their functional 3D shape. Therefore, to control these versatile properties, we need to be able to predict the 3D shape of proteins; in other words, solve the protein folding problem. The prediction of a protein’s conformation from its amino-acid sequence is currently one of the most prominent problems in molecular biology, biochemistry and bioinformatics. In this thesis, we address the protein folding problem and the closely-related problem of identifying folding pathways. The leading research objective for this work was to design efficient heuristic search algorithms for these problems, to empirically study these new methods and to compare them with existing algorithms. This thesis makes the following contributions: (1) we show that biologically inspired approaches based on the notion of stigmergy--where a collection of agents modifies the environment, and those changes in turn affect the decision process of each agent (particularly artificial colonies of ants that give rise to such properties as self-organization and cooperation also observed in proteins) is a promising field of study for the protein folding problem; (2) we develop a novel adaptive search framework that is used to identify and to bin promising candidate solutions and to adaptively retrieve solutions when the search progress is unsatisfactory; (3) we develop a new method that efficiently explores large search neighbourhoods by performing biased iterated solution construction for identifying folding pathways; and (4) we show that our algorithms efficiently search the vast search landscapes encountered and are able to capture important aspects of the process of protein folding for some widely accepted computational models.
Additional file 12 of Antitumor activity of Z-endoxifen in aromatase inhibitor-sensitive and aromatase inhibitor-resistant estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer
Creators: name: Swaathi Jayaraman
name: Xiaonan Hou
name: Kuffel, Mary J.
name: Suman, Vera J.
name: Hoskin, Tanya L.
name: Reinicke, Kathryn E.
name: Monroe, David G.
name: Kalari, Krishna R.
name: Xiaojia Tang
name: Zeldenrust, Megan A.
name: Jingfei Cheng
name: Bruinsma, Elizabeth S.
name: Buhrow, Sarah A.
name: McGovern, Renee M.
name: Safgren, Stephanie L.
name: Walden, Chad A.
name: Carter, Jodi M.
name: Reid, Joel M.
name: Ingle, James N.
name: Ames, Matthew M.
name: Hawse, John R.
name: Goetz, Matthew P.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 12 Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) of the estrogen signaling pathway. a The pathway enrichment score of the estrogene signaling pathway (from Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome (KEGG)) in the treatment groups along with the nominal p-values and false discovery rate (FDR) q-values. b Enrichment plot of the KEGG estrogen signaling pathway of Z-endoxifen-treated MCF7LR tumors compared with letrozole-resistant MCF7LR tumors. The enrichment score and the p-value are listed.
Economic Growth and the Environment with Clean and Dirty Consumption
Creators: name: Orecchia, Carlo
name: Tessitore, Maria Elisabetta
name: Orecchia, Carlo
name: Tessitore, Maria Elisabetta
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Environmental Kuznets Curve
subject: Economic Growth
subject: Pollution
subject: Consumption
subject: Consumption behaviour

description: This paper aims to verify the existence of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) or inverted U-shaped relationship between economic growth and environmental degradation in the context of endogenous growth. An important feature of this study is that the EKC is examined in the presence of pollution as a by product of consumption activities; also, pollution is a stock variable rather than a flow and tends to accumulate over time. In order to highlight the role of consumption on the environment, consumers do not consider directly pollution in the maximization problem and are assumed to choose between two different consumption types, characterized by a different impact on the environment (i.e. dirty and clean consumption). We find that substitution of dirty consumption with clean consumption alone is not sufficient to reduce environmental pollution. The result depends on the product differentiation and the cost to achieve it. From a social welfare perspective, more environmental awareness is unambiguously desirable when it generates less pollution. However, it could be that more environmental awareness leads to a lower level of social welfare depending on the costs of product differentiation and social marginal damage of pollution.
Farm Size and the Share of Irrigated Land in total Landholding: the case of Water-Harvesting Irrigation in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Wakeyo, Mekonnen B.
name: Gardebroek, Cornelis
name: Wakeyo, Mekonnen B.
name: Gardebroek, Cornelis
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: Land Economics/Use
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Rain-fall shortage constrains production in small-holder agriculture in developing countries and with ongoing climate change these shortages may increase. Rain-water harvesting are interesting technologies that decrease this risk. Therefore, one would expect an increasing use of these technologies in drought-prone areas. However, data collected in Ethiopia shows that the share of irrigated land in total landholding declines with farm size. This study investigates why the share declines with farm size using panel data collected in 2005 and in 2010. A random-effect tobit model is estimated for the share of irrigated land as a function of variables affecting returns, market prices, source of finance and expectation formation. The findings show farm-specific factors such as credit per hectare, distance to market, ease of selling output, landholding, regional differences, aridity and distance of plots from natural water sources significantly affect the share. Thus, encouraging investment has to consider farm-size, and also geographical, environmental and regional diversity.
Brittle stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) from the Middle Triassic Prosanto Formation of the eastern SwissAlps, including a relict genus from the Carboniferous
Creators: name: THUY, Ben
name: FURRER, Heinz
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2024

description: The Triassic fossil record of the ophiuroids, or brittle stars, is still poorly known, mostly because the majority of the published occurrences originates from a limited spectrum of depositional settings. Here, we describe the first ophiuroids from the Middle Triassic Prosanto Formation of the eastern Swiss Alps near Davos, Kanton Graubünden. While the locality is famous for its exceptionally preserved and abundant vertebrate fossils, remains of benthic invertebrates are exceedingly rare, owing to the hostile bottom water conditions in the depositional setting. One of the ophiuroid specimens is assigned to the common Triassic genus Aplocoma, with unknown species-level affinities. A second taxon is identified based on a number of (semi-)articulated skeletons intermingled with dissociated ossicles on a slab. We show that these belong to a new species of the stem metophiurid Sulphaster recently described from the Upper Carboniferous of the United States. Based on the mode of preservation, we assume that the Aplocoma specimen was transported to the place of burial, whereas the Sulphaster specimens represent a potentially autochthonous, short-lived assemblage that died and partially disintegrated before burial.
Angular Trapping of Spherical Janus Particles
Creators: name: Gao, Xiaoqing
name: Wang, Yali
name: He, Xuehao
name: Xu, Mengjun
name: Zhu, Jintao
name: Hu, Xiaodong
name: Hu, Xiaotang
name: Li, Hongbin
name: Hu, Chunguang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Developing angular trapping methods, which will enable optical tweezers to rotate a micronized bead, is of great importance for the studies of biomacromolecules during a wide range of torque-generation processes. Here we report a novel controlled angular trapping method based on composite Janus particles. We used a chemically synthesized Janus particle, which consists of two hemispheres made of polystyrene (PS) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) respectively, as a model system to demonstrate this method. Through computational and experimental studies, we demonstrated the feasibility to control the rotation of a Janus particle in a linearly polarized laser trap. Our results showed that the Janus particle aligned its two hemisphere's interface parallel to the laser propagation direction as well as the laser polarization direction. In our experiments, the rotational state of the particle can be easily and directly visualized by using a CMOS camera, and does not require complex optical detection system. The rotation of the Janus particle in the laser trap can be fully controlled in real time by controlling the laser polarization direction. Our newly developed angular trapping technique has the great advantage of easy implementation and real time controllability. Considering the easy chemical synthesis of Janus particles and implementation of the angular trapping, this novel method has the potential of becoming a general angular trapping method. We anticipate that this new method will significantly broaden the availability of angular trapping in the biophysics community, and expand the scope of the research that can be enabled by the angular trapping approach.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures
Vortex nucleation in rotating Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Kavoulakis, G. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the formation and stability of a single vortex state in a weakly-interacting Bose-Einstein condensate that is confined in a rotating harmonic potential. Our results are consistent with the fact that any single off-center vortex is unstable. Furthermore, a vortex state located at the center of the cloud first becomes locally stable as the rotational frequency increases. Finally our study implies the existence of hysteresis effects.
description: 4 pages, 6 ps figures, RevTex
Ambipolar gate effect and low temperature magnetoresistance of ultrathin La0.8Ca0.2MnO3 Films
Creators: name: Eblen-Zayas, M.
name: Bhattacharya, A.
name: Staley, N. E.
name: Kobrinskii, A. L.
name: Goldman, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultrathin La0.8Ca0.2MnO3 films have been measured in a field-effect geometry. The electric field due to the gate produces a large ambipolar decrease in resistance at low temperatures. This is attributed to the development of a pseudogap in the density of states and the couple of localized charge to strain. The gate effect and mangetoresistance are interpreted in a consistent framework. The implications for the low temperature behavior of a manganite film in the two dimensional limit are discussed.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Donning Coase‐coloured glasses: a property rights view of natural resource economics
Creators: name: Anderson, Terry L.
name: Anderson, Terry L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Economic analysis of natural resource and environmental issues inappropriately places too much emphasis on Pigouvian externalities and too little on Coasean property rights and transaction costs. The crucial questions are who has what property rights and what are the transaction costs associated with these property rights. Asserting an externality implicitly assumes a set of property rights and hence a distribution of the social costs, but it is precisely a lack of property rights that allows decision makers to ignore social costs. By viewing natural resource and environmental problems through a Coasean lens, we better focus our attention on how property rights evolve, how they influence transaction costs, and how those transaction costs affect the potential for bargaining to minimise social costs.
The enigmatic echinoid Aporocidaris incerta (Koehler, 1902): new data suggest an unknown species and highlight new phylogenetic insights within Ctenocidaridae (Echinodermata: Echinoidea)
Creators: name: SAUCEDE, Thomas
name: JOSSART, Quentin
name: VANDERMEEREN, Jeanne
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2024

description: Echinoids are well diversified in the Southern Ocean with over 80 species recorded south of the Polar Front. However, gaps still persist in our knowledge of Antarctic echinoid diversity. A good illustration of this lack of knowledge is the case study of the enigmatic species Aporocidaris incerta (Koehler, 1902), a member of the diversified Antarctic family Ctenocidaridae (Cidaroidea). Originally described from small specimens dredged in the Bellingshausen Sea (West Antarctica) during the expedition of the S.Y. Belgica (1897-1899), no specimen has ever been collected since then, despite the numerous scientific cruises undertaken in the region. In the present work, the observation of the type material of A. incerta along with the obtention of a molecular-based phylogeny shed a new light on this long enigma. Results strongly suggest that specimens of A. incerta might be juveniles of A. eltaniana based on morphology but molecular analysis of type material is not possible to support the hypothesis. The performed phylogeny showed that a new taxonomic unit, Ctenocidaridae gen. sp., clearly differs from other members of the family and its phylogenetic position within the Ctenocidaridae remains to be precised. Phylogenetic results also suggest that the genus Ctenocidaris is paraphyletic and deserves further taxonomic investigations.