Chrysometa Simon 1895
Creators: name: Simó, Miguel
name: Álvarez, Luis
name: Laborda, Álvaro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Tetragnathidae
Chrysometa

description: Genus Chrysometa Simon, 1895
Type species. Chrysometa tenuipes (Keyserling, 1864) by original designation.
Chrysometa pena new species, Figures 1–4
Types. Male holotype from Uruguay, Departamento Rivera, Subida de Pena, Ruta 30 (31°08'S, 55°55'W), 29/X/2010, A. Laborda & M. Simó coll. (FCE-Ar 6078). Four male and twelve female paratypes from the same locality and date: FCE- Ar 5973 (3 males, 9 females), FCE-Ar 6026 (1 female) FCE-Ar 6077 (1 male, 1 female), FCE-Ar 6079 (1 female).
Additional material examined. Uruguay: Departamento Treinta y Tres, Quebrada de los Cuervos (32°55'S, 54°27'W), 01/XI/2012, A. Laborda coll. FCE-Ar 5972 (1 male, 3 females); same data, 15–16/XI/2013, FCE-Ar 5976 (2 females). Departamento Paysandú, Río Queguay, La Aguada (32°05'S, 58°01'W), 25/I/2014, A. Laborda coll. FCE-Ar 5977 (2 females).
Etymology. The specific epithet, a name in apposition, refers to the type locality.
Diagnosis. Males of C. pena resembles C. poas Levi, 1986 in the shape of the paracymbium, but differs in the larger cymbial processes (Figs. 2 D, E, 3A). Females of C. pena differ from all other species of the genus in the presence of an inverted V-shaped groove, with heavy sclerotized margins, between the two humps of the epigynal median lobe (Figs. 2 A, 3B).
Description. Male (holotype). Carapace yellowish with a longitudinal dark band, broader on cephalic area (Fig. 1 A). Lateral sides dark. Sternum, chelicerae, labium and endites brown. Legs yellowish with brown spots. Abdomen dorsally grey, laterally with transversal dark marks with white spots, ventrally grey with a longitudinal dark band and two white spots posterior to epigastric groove. Spinnerets grey. Total length 4.6. Carapace 2.2 long, 2.5 wide. Leg I length: Femur 5.0; patella+tibia 6.3; metatarsus 5.6; tarsus 1.4. Patella+tibia II 4.3; III 1.5; IV 2.4. Palp: Paracymbium “eight”-shaped, with the upper prong with similar size of the lower prong, in ventral view (Fig. 3A). Paracymbium tip apically bifid. Ecto-basal cymbial process pointed retrolaterally. Ecto-median cymbial process notably larger and pointed retrolaterally. Metaine embolic apophysis curved on the apical region (Figs. 2 D, 3A).
Female (paratype, FCE-Ar 6079). Color as in male (Fig. 1 B). Total length 5.9; carapace 2.3 long, 1.8 wide. Leg I length: femur 3.5; patella+tibia 4.2; metatarsus 3.3; tarsus 1.0. Patella+tibia II 2.8; III 1.8; IV 2.1.
Epigynum: Median lobe with two humps separated by an inverted V-shaped groove with dark and sclerotized margins. Septum T-shaped with posterior membranous part and oval-shaped copulatory openings (Figs. 2 A, C). Lateral plates convergent separated by a conspicuous membranous area (Figs. 2 C, 3B). Vulva: Spermathecae apical, reniform, with copulatory ducts curved below, opening near the septum. Fertilization ducts coiled. (Figs. 2 B, 3C).
Natural history. Chrysometa pena builds the web near the ground in ravines next to watercourses. It also inhabits in riparian forests, where the webs are built at the base of tree trunks.
Distribution. Known for northern and eastern Uruguay (Fig. 4).
description: Published as part of Simó, Miguel, Álvarez, Luis & Laborda, Álvaro, 2016, The orb-weaving spider genus Chrysometa in Uruguay: distribution and description of a new species (Araneae, Tetragnathidae), pp. 589-593 in Zootaxa 4067 (5) on pages 589-591, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4067.5.7, http://zenodo.org/record/261745