Phytobia megapodema Sousa & Couri, 2017, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Sousa, Viviane Rodrigues de
name: Couri, Márcia Souto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Agromyzidae
Phytobia
Phytobia megapodema

description: Phytobia megapodema sp. nov.   
http://zoobank.org/ 058154B8-CA69-4510-BD9E-C950DEA13160  
Figs 2, 14, 15, 32, 61–65  
Type material. Holotype ♂: BRASIL: MS [Mato Grosso do Sul]: Corguinho, Taboco, Reserva Quinta do Sol. 19°46’45.4”S, 55°14’36.2”W. 29.viii-12.ix.2012. Malaise 13. Lamas, Nihei & eq. cols. Paratypes: same data as holotype, 1 ♀ [MZUSP]; 1 ♀, 12–29. viii.2012 [MNRJ]; 1 ♂, BRASIL: MT [Mato Grosso]: Chapada dos Guimarães. Mata ciliar – Cachoeira Véu da Noiva. 15°24’33.4”S, 055°49’54.1”W. Malaise 45. 09.vii-09.viii.2012. Lamas, Nihei & eq. cols. [MNRJ]; 1 ♂, BRASIL: RO [Rondônia]: Campo Novo. Fazenda Amorim. 10°40’6”S, 63°29”0”W – 248m. Malaise. 03–15. xii.2011. Amorim, Ament & Riccardi cols. [MZUSP] (Fig. 2).  
Description. Male. Body length 2.4 mm; wing length 2.25 mm (Fig. 14).  
Female. Body length 2.7 mm; wing length 2.4 mm (Fig. 15).  
Color. Frons mat black, more brownish at base; fronto-orbital plate shining black; upper dark orbit touching ovt and ivt; ocellar triangle mat black; lunule silvery; face black with grey pollinose; clypeus mat black; gena dark brown; scape and pedicel brown; first flagellomere brown, light brown apically; arista and palpus brown; proboscis light brown; labellum light brown, with yellow setae; scutum dark brown, grey pollinose, light yellow before scutellum (Fig. 32); scutellum light yellow, with sub-basal lateral brown spot; postpronotum light yellow, brown on basal half; notopleuron light yellow; anepimeron brown; anepisternum dark brown, yellow posteriorly; katepimeron, katepisternum, and meron dark brown; haltere entirely yellow; calypters light yellow with margin and fringe black; wing clear, yellow at base; legs brown with all knees yellow; pulvilli yellow; abdomen yellow, tergites 3–6 with median brown stripe and two brown spots laterally; terminalia brown.  
Head. Frons not visible above eye margin in lateral profile; 2 ors and 2 ori, all reclinate and similar in size; orbital setulae erect in one row; facial keel undifferenciated; eye height/parafacialia+gena: 0.6 mm; ocellar triangle short, extending before second ors; lunule high, 23% of frons length; clypeus rounded; epistoma height 0.05 mm; first flagellomere rounded and finely pubescent; arista long, slightly longer than vertical height of eye, finely pubescent; vibrissa short and strong, measuring about 1/3 of aristal length.  
 Thorax. Acr in nine irregular rows; prsc absent; 1+3 dc, presutural and first postsutural shorter than two others; 2 npl, similar in size. Wings. Wing tip between R 4+5 and M; R 4+5 and M slightly recurved; C sections 2–4 in proportions: 0.64:0.17:0.17; ultimate section of CuA 1 with same length of basal section; r-m distal to midpoint of dm. Legs. Fore tibia without pd; mid tibia with 2 pd on middle third.   
Terminalia. Epandrium large and rounded with long setae; cercus short, about 1/3 height of epandrium and with long setae and 2 at apex; postgonite with three basal setae in ventral view; surstylus triangular with about 38 setae; hypandrium U-shaped; phallapodeme about 2.5 times length of hypandrium; mesophallus tubular basally and enlarged to distal end; distiphallus very complex, as in Figs 61, 62; ejaculatory apodeme very broad, its broader part about 4.0 times wider than constricted area at base (Fig. 63). Oviscape (Fig. 64). Spermathecae (Fig. 65).  
Distribution. Rondônia, Mato Grosso, and Mato Grosso do Sul (Brazil).  
Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the large size of the ejaculatory apodeme.  
 Remarks. This new species is morphologically similar to P. communis sp. nov. in body and wing length and in the general coloration, but it can be distinguished by the scape and pedicel brown, surstylus triangular with about 38 setae, distiphallus very complex, and very broad ejaculatory apodeme.
description: Published as part of Sousa, Viviane Rodrigues de & Couri, Márcia Souto, 2017, Phytobia (Diptera: Agromyzidae) from Brazil: new species, new record and a key to the Neotropical species, pp. 1-25 in Zoologia (e 12308) (e 12308) 34 on pages 8-9, DOI: 10.3897/zoologia.34.e12308, http://zenodo.org/record/13175379