Apocuma gerkenae Roccatagliata, Alberico & Heard, 2012, n. sp.
Creators: name: Roccatagliata, Daniel
name: Alberico, Natalia A.
name: Heard, Richard W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Cumacea
Bodotriidae
Apocuma
Apocuma gerkenae

description: Apocuma gerkenae n. sp.
(Figs. 1–5; 7A, B)
Material examined. Sapelo Island Research Foundation. Sta. 359, 30º48.05’N, 80º00.00’W, 461 ft [140.5 m], 0 9 Dec 1963, bucket dredge: 6 specimens (paratypes USNM 1182930). Sta. 362, 30º47.40’N, 80º00.45’W, 405 ft [123.4 m], 0 9 Dec 1963, bucket dredge: 10 specimens (USNM 1182931). Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution.
“ Bodotria X-1 and X-2, 0.5 mm ”, 27º28.86’N, 79º56.40’W, 124 m, 27 May 1980, R. W. Virnstein coll.: 5 specimens (holotype USNM 1182932, paratypes USNM 1182933). The Mississippi, Alabama, Florida (MAFLA) Outer Continental Shelf Baseline Environmental Study. Surveys 1975–1978. Sta. MAFLA 2105, 26°24’59.5”N, 83°49’57.6”W, 90 m: 1 specimen (USNM 1182934). Sta. MAFLA 2426, 28°57’59.4”N, 85°23’00.2”W, 82 m: 1 specimen (USNM 1182935). Sta. MAFLA 2644, 29°36.2’N, 87°23.5’W, 75 m: 1 specimen (USNM 1182936). Sta. MAFLA 2958, 25°40’N, 83°50’W, 120 m: 2 specimens (USNM 1182937). The Southwest Florida Shelf Ecosystems Study (SOFLA). Surveys 1980–1981. SOFLA 5, 26°45.70’N, 84°00.13’W, 91 m: 4 specimens (USNM 1182938). SOFLA 12, 26°16.72’N, 83°47.67’W, 90 m: 1 specimen (USNM 1182939). SOFLA 24, 25°16.90’N, 83°43.18’W, 88 m: 1 specimen (USNM 1182940). SOFLA 34, 25°45.31’N, 83°57.63’W, 135 m: 3 specimens (USNM 1182941). Instituto Oceanográfico da Universidade de São Paulo (IOUSP). R/V “Prof. W. Besnard”. MBT 77, 23º39’S, 43º09’W, 128 m, 12 May 1970: 7 specimens (MACN-In. 38851). MBT 141, 23º25’S, 43º00’W, 113 m, 0 2 Sep 1970: 33 specimens (MZUSP 26084, MACN-In. 38852). MBT 142, 23º46’S, 43º00’W, 150 m, 0 2 Sep 1970: 36 specimens (MZUSP 26086, MACN-In. 38853). MBT 145, 23º25’S, 42º27’W, 130 m, 0 3 Sep 1970: 7 specimens (MACN-In. 38854). MBT 148, 23º19’S, 41º57’W, 136 m, 0 3 Sep 1970: 54 specimens (MZUSP 26085; MACN-In. 38855; SEM photos: MACN-In. 38855a, 38855b). MBT 152, 23º03’S, 41º10’W, 98 m, 0 4 Sep 1970: 47 specimens (MZUSP 26087, MACN-In. 38856). MBT 161, 21º42’S, 40º15’W, 56 m, 0 6 Sep 1970: 12 specimens (MACN-In. 38857). MBT 175, 25º58’S, 46º36’W, 140 m, 28 May 1971: 9 specimens (MACN-In. 38858). MBT 195, 24º03’05”S, 44º59’00”W, 73 m, 0 1 Jun 1971: 1 specimen (MACN-In. 38859).
Diagnosis. Carapace upper lateral carina runs sinuously from pseudorostral lobe, almost to upper posterior margin of carapace, with a downward branch at approximately 2/3-way along carapace. Third pereopod of female lacking exopod. Female uropod: endopod with 1 setulate seta at 2/3-way along inner margin and 2 cuspidate setae (1 subterminal, 1 distal); exopod with 1 terminal cuspidate seta only. Male uropod: endopod with 4 barely setulate setae on inner margin and 2 cuspidate setae (1 subterminal, 1 distal); exopod with 1 setulate seta on inner margin and 1 cuspidate seta distally.
Description of the adult female (based on the holotype USNM 1182932 and the dissected paratype USNM 1182930)
Total length 2.4 mm (holotype USNM 1182932).
Integument well calcified, opaque, brittle and granulate.
Carapace (Figs. 1 B, C; 7A, B) approximately 0.4 total length. Width approximately 0.65 its length. With a faintly marked mid-dorsal carina, and two well-developed carinae on each side. Mid-dorsal carina double (made up of two contiguous branches, see Fig. 7 B), running from ocular lobe almost to posterior margin of carapace. Upper lateral carina running sinuously from pseudorostral lobe almost to upper posterior margin of carapace, with a downward branch at approximately 2/3-way along carapace. Lower lateral carina almost straight, running from antero-lateral angle to posterior margin of carapace, where it is produced backwards to form a small subtriangular lobe. Upper lateral carina, its downward branch, and lower lateral carina outlining a moderately excavated area (sulcus). Dorsal outline convex, rising up into a low hump posteriorly. Pseudorostrum upturned at approximately 20º. Ocular lobe moderately large, tumid, broader than long, without lenses but with a clear area on each side. Antero-lateral sinus narrow and deeply excavated, antero-lateral angle rounded.
Pereonite 1 visible laterally. Last four pereonites with double mid-dorsal carinae, branches contiguous on pereonite 2 but gradually separating from each other on pereonites 3–5. Pereonites 2–5 with lateral shields.
Pleon length approximately 0.8 of that of cephalopereon. Pleonites 1–4 with double mid-dorsal carinae (branches as apart as those of fifth pereonite on pleonites 1 and 2, branches sharp and contiguous on pleonites 3 and 4). Pleonite 5 with a single sharp mid-dorsal carina.
First antenna (Fig. 1 D). Peduncle with basal article longer than remaining two articles combined; second article almost twice as long as third, with 1 simple seta medially. Main flagellum with 2 articles, most distal article with 2 aesthetascs and slender simple setae. Accessory flagellum approximately half as long as basal article of main flagellum, with broom setae and simple setae distally.
Second antenna (Fig. 1 E) with 3 articles, having thick setulate setae and hyaline scales; third article narrow and cylindrical with 4 broom setae distally.
Mouthparts, general aspect as shown in Corbera (2008).
Right mandible with 11 setae (left mandible with 10 setae and a lacinia mobilis) between pars incisiva and molar process.
First maxilla. Outer endite with approximately 13 cuspidate setae distally, inner endite with 4 unequal setae distally. Palp with 2 unequal long setae.
Second maxilla. Outer endite with 1 simple, 2 serrulate and 4 serrate setae distally; inner endite with 1 simple and 6 serrate setae distally.
First maxilliped (Fig. 2 A). Basis with a row of 4 setuloserrate setae, endite reaching half-way along carpus. Carpus with 6 flattened setae on inner margin, proximal ones truncate, distal ones having rounded tips (see details).
Second maxilliped (Fig. 2 B). Basis length approximately 0.8 of that of remaining articles combined, with 3 setulate setae on or near distal end. Merus second longest article, with 2 setulate setae. Carpus and propodus with 4 and 5 setulate setae, respectively. Propodus and dactylus with hyaline scales fringed with tiny setulae. Unguis longer than dactylus.
Third maxilliped (Fig. 2 C). Several articles with delicate hyaline scales. Basis approximately as long as remaining articles combined, with 4 setulate setae on inner margin and 3 on outer distal corner. Merus with 1 setulate seta on inner margin and 1 setulate seta on outer distal corner. Carpus slightly longer than ischium and merus combined, with 3 setulate setae (setulae on proximal half of shaft only) and 2 simple setae on inner margin, 1 setulate seta on outer distal corner. Propodus length approximately 0.70 of that of carpus, inner margin with 4 barely setulate setae, outer margin with 2 slender simple setae (at 2/3-way along article and distally). Dactylus length approximately 0.4 of that of propodus, unguis longer than article. Exopod flagellum with 4 articles.
First pereopod (Fig. 3 A). Several articles with delicate hyaline scales. Basis length approximately 2/3 that of remaining articles combined, with 2 setulate setae on inner margin (1 half-way along article, 1 distal) and 2 setulate setae near distal outer corner. Carpus next longest article, approximately twice as long as merus. Propodus length approximately 0.6 of that of carpus. Dactylus with a comb of setules on outer margin; unguis, distal half faintly serrulate dorsally. Exopod flagellum with 5 articles.
Second pereopod (Fig. 3 B). Several articles with delicate hyaline scales. Basis slightly shorter than remaining articles combined. Basis, ischium and merus with 1 setulate seta on distal inner corner. Carpus second longest article, slightly longer than ischium and merus combined, with 1 serrulate seta on distal inner corner. Propodus length approximately 0.42 of that of dactylus. Dactylus length approximately equal to ischium and merus combined, with 3 unequal cuspidate setae, middle seta as long as propodus and dactylus combined. Exopod flagellum with 5 articles.
Third pereopod (Fig. 3 C). Basis length approximately 1.2 times that of remaining articles combined, with delicate hyaline scales marginally and 1 setulate seta distally. Carpus second longest article, approximately as long as propodus and dactylus combined. Propodus with 1 stiff simple seta distally, reaching half-way along unguis. Unguis longer than dactylus and not distinctly demarcated from it. Without exopod.
Fourth pereopod similar to third, except for: basis approximately as long as remaining articles combined, distal seta simple (not setulate). Carpus length approximately 1.1 times that of propodus and dactylus combined.
Fifth pereopod (Fig. 3 D) similar to third, except for: basis length approximately 0.6 of that of remaining articles combined, distal seta simple (not setulate). Carpus length approximately 1.2 times that of propodus and dactylus combined.
Uropod (Fig. 3 E). Peduncle length approximately 1.7 times that of sixth pleonite, proximal half of inner margin serrate. Rami subequal in length, approximately half as long as peduncle. Exopod distal article, inner margin serrate and distal end with 1 long cuspidate seta (approximately half as long as ramus). Endopod with 1 article, inner margin serrate, with 1 setulate seta on distal 1/3 of article, 1 subterminal cuspidate seta and 1 long cuspidate seta (similar to that of exopod) distally.
Description of the adult male (based on the paratype USNM 1182941 and the dissected paratype USNM 1182933)
Total length 3.2 mm (paratype USNM 1182941).
Habitus as in female except for: carapace (Figs. 4 A, B) approximately 1/3 of total length, width approximately 0.55 its length, dorsal outline less convex than in female. Double mid-dorsal carina distinct on anterior half of carapace only. Ocular lobe larger. Antero-lateral sinus widely open and shallow. Pereon: double mid-dorsal carinae of pereonites 2–5 less prominent, lateral shields absent. Pleon: more robust, approximately as long as cephalopereon; double mid-dorsal carinae absent on first four pleonites and poorly developed on fifth.
First antenna (Fig. 4 C). Peduncle, basal article longer than remaining two articles combined; second article approximately 1.5 times as long as third, with 1 simple seta medially and 2 simple setae laterally. Main flagellum with 4 articles, basal article with 3 aesthetascs, most distal article with 2 aesthetascs and slender simple setae. Accessory flagellum approximately half as long as basal article of main flagellum, with a group of simple setae in midregion of article, and broom setae and simple setae distally.
Second antenna reaching end of pleon.
Mouthparts and first and second maxillipeds as in female.
Third maxilliped as in female, except for: basis slightly longer than remaining articles combined, with 5 setulate setae on inner margin. Exopod: basis larger, flagellum with 6 articles.
First pereopod (Fig. 4 D) as in female, except for: basis length approximately 0.7 of that of remaining articles combined, with 6 setulate setae on inner margin, 1 setulate seta on ventral surface at 4/5-way along article, and 2 setulate setae near outer distal corner. Exopod: basis larger, flagellum with 7 articles.
Second pereopod (Fig. 5 A) as in female, except for: basis length approximately 1.2 times that of remaining articles combined. Carpus, distal inner corner with a simple seta (serrulate in its counterpart). Propodus with 1 long serrulate seta extending beyond distal end of dactylus. Exopod: basis larger, flagellum with 7 articles.
Third pereopod (Fig. 5 B) as in female, except for: basis length approximately 1.6 times that of remaining articles combined, inner margin with 1 setulate seta distally and 2 setulate setae proximally. Carpus length approximately 1.3 times that of propodus and dactylus combined. Exopod: basis large, flagellum with 6 articles. Fourth pereopod as third, except for: basis approximately 0.90 as long as remaining articles combined, proximal setulate setae absent. Exopod: flagellum with 5 articles.
Fifth pereopod as in female, except for: carpus approximately 1.5 times as long as propodus and dactylus combined.
Pleopods (Fig. 5 C) with a finger-shaped process on outer edge of inner ramus.
Uropod (Fig. 5 D). Peduncle approximately 2.3 times as long as sixth pleonite, inner margin serrate, with 8 long serrulate setae and 11 short serrulate setae. Rami subequal and approximately 0.6 as long as peduncle. Exopod distal article, inner margin serrate and with 1 long setulate seta, distal end with 1 long cuspidate seta (approximately 1/3 as long as article). Endopod of 1 article, inner margin serrate, with 4 long serrulate setae (similar to those of peduncle), 1 cuspidate seta subterminally, and 1 long cuspidate seta (similar to that of exopod) distally.
Distribution. This species was found off the coasts of Georgia, Florida (both on the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico), Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo and Paraná States, between 56 and 150 m.
Etymology. This species is dedicated to Sarah Gerken, in recognition of her valuable contributions to the taxonomy of cumaceans.
description: Published as part of Roccatagliata, Daniel, Alberico, Natalia A. & Heard, Richard W., 2012, Apocuma (Cumacea: Bodotriidae): two new species from the West-Atlantic and a significant extension of the known distribution of this genus in the Atlantic Ocean, pp. 24-40 in Zootaxa 3436 on pages 25-33, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.282099