cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Cross-product Penalized Component Analysis (XCAN)
Creators: name: Camacho, José
name: Acar, Evrim
name: Rasmussen, Morten A.
name: Bro, Rasmus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Matrix factorization methods are extensively employed to understand complex data. In this paper, we introduce the cross-product penalized component analysis (XCAN), a sparse matrix factorization based on the optimization of a loss function that allows a trade-off between variance maximization and structural preservation. The approach is based on previous developments, notably (i) the Sparse Principal Component Analysis (SPCA) framework based on the LASSO, (ii) extensions of SPCA to constrain both modes of the factorization, like co-clustering or the Penalized Matrix Decomposition (PMD), and (iii) the Group-wise Principal Component Analysis (GPCA) method. The result is a flexible modeling approach that can be used for data exploration in a large variety of problems. We demonstrate its use with applications from different disciplines.
Issues in the Investigations of the Dark Matter Phenomenon in Galaxies: Parcere Personis, Dicere de Vitiis
Creators: name: Salucci, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is always more evident that the kinematics of galaxies provide us with unique information on the Nature of the dark particles and on the properties of the galaxy Dark Matter (DM) halos. However, in investigating this topic, we have to be very careful about certain issues related to the assumptions that we take or to the practices that we follow. Here, we critically discuss such issues, that, today, result of fundamental importance, in that we have realized that the Nature of the DM will be not provided by The Theory but, has to be inferred by reverse engineering the observational scenario.
description: 13 pages 5 Figures Comments welcome. In print on Universe
On the relation between viscoelastic and magnetohydrodynamic flows and their instabilities
Creators: name: Ogilvie, Gordon I.
name: Proctor, Michael R. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a close analogy between a viscoelastic medium and an electrically conducting fluid containing a magnetic field. Specifically, the dynamics of the Oldroyd-B fluid in the limit of large Deborah number corresponds to that of a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) fluid in the limit of large magnetic Reynolds number. As a definite example of this analogy, we compare the stability properties of differentially rotating viscoelastic and MHD flows. We show that there is an instability of the Oldroyd-B fluid that is physically distinct from both the inertial and elastic instabilities described previously in the literature, but is directly equivalent to the magnetorotational instability in MHD. It occurs even when the specific angular momentum increases outwards, provided that the angular velocity decreases outwards; it derives from the kinetic energy of the shear flow and does not depend on the curvature of the streamlines. However, we argue that the elastic instability of viscoelastic Couette flow has no direct equivalent in MHD.
description: 21 pages, 3 figures, to be published in J. Fluid Mech
title: Effects of Nanodomains on Local and Long-Range Phase Transitions in Perovskite-Type Eu0.8Ca0.2TiO3–δ
Creators: name: Widenmeyer, Marc
name: Checchia, Stefano
name: Xiao, Xingxing
name: Scavini, Marco
name: Weidenkaff, Anke
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2020

description: The determination of reversible phase transitions in the perovskite-type thermoelectric oxide Eu0.8Ca0.2TiO3–δ is fundamental, since structural changes largely affect the thermal and electrical transport properties. The phase transitions were characterized by heat capacity measurements, Rietveld refinements, and pair distribution function (PDF) analysis of the diffraction data to achieve information on the phase transition temperatures and order as well as structural changes on the local level and the long range. On the long-range scale, Eu0.8Ca0.2TiO3–δ showed a phase transition sequence during heating from cubic at 100 < T < 592 K to tetragonal and finally back to cubic at T > 846 K. The phase transition at T = 592 K (diffraction)/606 K (thermal analysis) was reversible with a very small thermal hysteresis of about 2 K. The local structure at 100 K was composed of a complex nanodomain arrangement of Amm2- and Pbnm-like local structures with different coherence lengths. Since in Eu0.8Ca0.2TiO3–δ the amount of Pbnm domains was too small to percolate, the competition of ferroelectrically distorted octahedra (Amm2 as in BaTiO3) and rigid, tilted octahedra (Pbnm as in CaTiO3) resulted in a cubic long-range structure at low temperatures.
Pico-canonical ensembles: A theoretical description of metastable states
Creators: name: Dhar, Deepak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We define restricted ensembles, called pico-canonical ensembles, for a statistical-mechanical description of the metastable and glassy phases. In this approach, time-evolution is Markovian, with temperature dependent rates. Below a particular glass-temperature, the system is strongly non-ergodic, and the phase space breaks up into a large number of mutually disconnected sectors. Averages are calculated over states within one such sector, and then averaged over sectors. As a soluble example, we calculate these explicitly for a one dimensional lattice gas with nearest neighbor couplings.
description: 13 pages, latex, 1 figure, text of invited talk delivered at at the conference on 'Slow Dynamical Processes in Nature', Seoul, Nov.25-27,2001
Biblioteczne narzędzia do tworzenia kultury informacyjno-sieciowej w środowisku młodzieży. Doświadczenia Ukrainy
Creators: name: Kulyk, Evgenia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Library and Information Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: This article describes the information technology and networking culture. This pa-per highlights also an important role of knowledge and skills based on networking competencies of youth and the library professionals who serve this category of users. For this purpose methods designed to address the promotion of networking culture in the youth environment in libraries were analysed.
Physics with Supernovae
Creators: name: Raffelt, G. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Core-collapse supernovae (SNe) are powerful neutrino sources and as such important targets for the growing array of neutrino observatories. We review the current status of SN theory and the expected characteristics of the neutrino signal. After recalling what we have learned from SN 1987A and general SN properties we review the physics potential of a future galactic SN observation.
description: Contribution to TAUP 2001
Annihilation Signatures of Hidden Sector Dark Matter Within Early-Forming Microhalos
Creators: name: Blanco, Carlos
name: Delos, M. Sten
name: Erickcek, Adrienne L.
name: Hooper, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If the dark matter is part of a hidden sector with only very feeble couplings to the Standard Model, the lightest particle in the hidden sector will generically be long-lived and could come to dominate the energy density of the universe prior to the onset of nucleosynthesis. During this early matter-dominated era, density perturbations will grow more quickly than otherwise predicted, leading to a large abundance of sub-earth-mass dark matter microhalos. Since the dark matter does not couple directly to the Standard Model, the minimum halo mass is much smaller than expected for weakly interacting dark matter, and the smallest halos could form during the radiation-dominated era. In this paper, we calculate the evolution of density perturbations within the context of such hidden sector models and use a series of $N$-body simulations to determine the outcome of nonlinear collapse during radiation domination. The resulting microhalos are extremely dense, which leads to very high rates of dark matter annihilation and to large indirect detection signals that resemble those ordinarily predicted for decaying dark matter. We find that the Fermi Collaboration's measurement of the high-latitude gamma-ray background rules out a wide range of parameter space within this class of models. The scenarios that are most difficult to constrain are those that feature a very long early matter-dominated era; if microhalos form prior to the decay of the unstable hidden sector matter, the destruction of these microhalos effectively heats the dark matter, suppressing the later formation of microhalos.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures
Supplementary notes, tables and figure from Pronounced somatic bottleneck in mitochondrial DNA of human hair
Creators: name: Barrett, Alison
name: Arbeithuber, Barbara
name: Zaidi, Arslan
name: Wilton, Peter
name: Paul, Ian M.
name: Nielsen, Rasmus
name: Makova, Kateryna D.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Heteroplasmy is the presence of variable mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) within the same individual. The dynamics of heteroplasmy allele frequency among tissues of the human body is not well understood. Here, we measured allele frequency at heteroplasmic sites from two to eight hairs from each of 11 humans using next-generation sequencing. We observed the high variance in heteroplasmic allele frequency among separate hairs from the same individual—much higher than that for blood and buccal tissues. Our population genetic modelling estimated the somatic bottleneck during embryonic follicle development of separate hairs to be only 11.06 (95% confidence interval 0.6–34.0) mtDNA segregating units. This bottleneck is much more drastic than somatic bottlenecks for blood and buccal tissues (136 and 458 units, respectively), as well as more drastic than, or comparable to, the germline bottleneck (equal to 25–32 or 7–10 units, depending on the study). We demonstrated that hair undergoes additional genetic drift before and after the divergence of mtDNA lineages of individual hair follicles. Additionally, we showed a positive correlation between donor's age and variance in heteroplasmy allele frequency in hair. These findings have important implications for forensics and for our understanding of mtDNA dynamics in the human body.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Linking the mitochondrial genotype to phenotype: a complex endeavour’.
Densest versus jammed packings of bent-core trimers
Creators: name: Griffith, Austin D.
name: Hoy, Robert S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We identify putatively maximally dense packings of tangent-sphere trimers with fixed bond angles ($θ= θ_0$) using a novel method, and contrast them to the disordered jammed states they form under quasistatic and dynamic athermal compression. Incommensurability of $θ_0$ with 3D close-packing does not by itself inhibit formation of dense 3D crystals; all $θ_0$ allow formation of crystals with $ϕ_{max}(θ_0) > 0.97ϕ_{cp}$. Trimers are always able to arrange into periodic structures composed of close-packed bilayers or trilayers of triangular-lattice planes, separated by ``gap layers'' that accomodate the incommensurability. All systems have $ϕ_J$ significantly below the monomeric value, indicating that trimers' quenched bond-length and bond-angle constraints always act to promote jamming. $ϕ_J$ varies strongly with $θ_0$; straight ($θ_0 = 0$) trimers minimize $ϕ_J$ while closed ($θ_0 = 120^\circ$) trimers maximize it. Marginally jammed states of trimers with lower $ϕ_J(θ_0)$ exhibit quantifiably greater disorder, and the lower $ϕ_J$ for small $θ_0$ is apparently caused by trimers' decreasing effective configurational freedom as they approach linearity.
Radfordia (Microtimyobia) pitymys Bochkov 2011, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Bochkov, Andre V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Myobiidae
Radfordia
Radfordia pitymys

description: 9. Radfordia (Microtimyobia) pitymys sp. nov.
(Figs. 25, 26)
 Diagnosis. FEMALE (Sheathed in tritonymph cuticle). Setae vi distinctly wider than e2. Setae e1 and f1 filiform. Distances c1-d1 and d1-d2 subequal. Setae ps3 distinctly developed, slightly curved. Setae 1b and 1d slightly thicker than 1a. Setae 2a and 3a whip-like, much longer than 2b. Setae 3a and 4a subequal, much shorter than 2 a. Trochanter I with ventral projection.
 MALE (holotype, Fig. 25). Subcapitular setae m membranous lanceolate, pointed apically. Genital cone slightly elongated, length/width ratio 1.5:1, with straight and parallel lateral margins and distinct lateral shoulders. Bases of setae vi situated anterior to setae ps2. Setae f1 2.5 times shorter than e2. Posterior end of opisthosoma with tubercles ventrally. Setae 2b whip-like, much longer than 2a and 3a. Trochanter I with ventral projection, without tubercles. Measurements of holotype: body, including gnathosoma, 350 long (340–350 in 2 paratypes), 195 maximum wide (190–200). Aedeagus 140 long. Lengths of setae: vi 17 (15–17), ve 90 (87–90), si 35 (33–35), se 80 (80–90), c2 110 (100–110), e1 60 (60–63), e2 35 (37–39), f1 15 (15–17), 2a 17 (15–17), 3a 18 (18–20), 4a 30 (30– 35).
 FEMALE TRITONYMPH (Fig. 26). Setae h2 stick-like, f2 and other dorsal idiosomal setae narrow lanceolate. Setae 3a about 12 long, 4a about 10 long. Tarsus IV with 4 short setae.
 Differential diagnosis. See key.
 Etymology. The species name is derived from the subgeneric name of the host and is a noun in apposition.
 Type host and locality. Microtus pinetorum from USA (Virginia).
 Hosts and distribution. This species is so far definitely known only from the type host and locality and, probably, from the type host from Maryland and Indiana (USA) (Drummond 1957; Fain & Lukoschus 1977).
 Material examined. Male holotype (ZISP T-My-33), 2 male, 4 female TN (2 pharate), and 1 male TN from Pitymys pinetorum (ZISP 71909), USA: Virginia, Fairfax Co., Springfield, 6 June 1986, coll. unknown.
 Type deposition. Radfordia pitymys —ZISP (T-My-34), male holotype and all paratypes (examined).
description: Published as part of Bochkov, Andre V., 2011, Mites of the subgenus Microtimyobia (Acariformes: Myobiidae: Radfordia) and their host-parasite relationships with cricetid rodents (Cricetidae) 2954, pp. 1-86 in Zootaxa 2954 (1) on pages 38-39, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2954.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5282049
Effect of spin on the inspiral of binary neutron stars
Creators: name: Tsokaros, Antonios
name: Ruiz, Milton
name: Paschalidis, Vasileios
name: Shapiro, Stuart L.
name: Uryū, Kōji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform long-term simulations of spinning binary neutron stars, with our highest dimensionless spin being $χ\sim 0.32$. To assess the importance of spin during the inspiral we vary the spin, and also use two equations of state, one that consists of plain nuclear matter and produces compact stars (SLy), and a hybrid one that contains both nuclear and quark matter and leads to larger stars (ALF2). Using high resolution that has grid spacing $Δx\sim 98$ m on the finest refinement level, we find that the effects of spin in the phase evolution of a binary system can be larger than the one that comes from tidal forces. Our calculations demonstrate explicitly that although tidal effects are dominant for small spins ($\lesssim 0.1$), this is no longer true when the spins are larger, but still much smaller than the Keplerian limit.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Thermal activation between Landau levels in the organic superconductor $β''$-(BEDT-TTF)$_{2}$SF$_{5}$CH$_{2}$CF$_{2}$SO$_{3}$
Creators: name: Nam, M. -S.
name: Ardavan, A.
name: Symington, J. A.
name: Singleton, J.
name: Harrison, N.
name: Mielke, C. H.
name: Schlueter, J. A.
name: Winter, R. W.
name: Gard, G. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations in the interlayer resistivity of the organic superconductor $β''$-(BEDT-TTF)$_{2}$SF$_{5}$ CH$_{2}$CF$_{2}$SO$_{3}$ become very pronounced in magnetic fields $\sim$~60~T. The conductivity minima exhibit thermally-activated behaviour that can be explained simply by the presence of a Landau gap, with the quasi-one-dimensional Fermi surface sheets contributing negligibly to the conductivity. This observation, together with complete suppression of chemical potential oscillations, is consistent with an incommensurate nesting instability of the quasi-one-dimensional sheets.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Epidemics on Networks: Reducing Disease Transmission Using Health Emergency Declarations and Peer Communication
Creators: name: Azizi, Asma
name: Montalvo, Cesar
name: Espinoza, Baltazar
name: Kang, Yun
name: Castillo-Chavez, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Understanding individual decisions in a world where communications and information move instantly via cell phones and the internet, contributes to the development and implementation of policies aimed at stopping or ameliorating the spread of diseases. In this manuscript, the role of official social network perturbations generated by public health officials to slow down or stop a disease outbreak are studied over distinct classes of static social networks. The dynamics are stochastic in nature with individuals (nodes) being assigned fixed levels of education or wealth. Nodes may change their epidemiological status from susceptible, to infected and to recovered. Most importantly, it is assumed that when the prevalence reaches a pre-determined threshold level, P*, information, called awareness in our framework, starts to spread, a process triggered by public health authorities. Information is assumed to spread over the same static network and whether or not one becomes a temporary informer, is a function of his/her level of education or wealth and epidemiological status. Stochastic simulations show that threshold selection P* and the value of the average basic reproduction number impact the final epidemic size differentially. For the Erdos-Renyi and Small-world networks, an optimal choice for P* that minimize the final epidemic size can be identified under some conditions while for Scale-free networks this is not case.
Radfordia dinaromys Bochkov 2011
Creators: name: Bochkov, Andre V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Myobiidae
Radfordia
Radfordia dinaromys

description: Species group dinaromys
ADULTS. Subcapitulum without ventral projections.
 FEMALES. Subcapitular setae m with 3 tines. Setae 2a whip-like, much longer than 2b; setae e1 and f1 filiform.
 MALES. Subcapitular setae m membranous. Setae 2a and 2b short, subequal to 4a. Seta d of trochanter III short, shorter than this segment.
MALE TRITONYMPH. Lateral projection of opisthosoma present.
description: Published as part of Bochkov, Andre V., 2011, Mites of the subgenus Microtimyobia (Acariformes: Myobiidae: Radfordia) and their host-parasite relationships with cricetid rodents (Cricetidae) 2954, pp. 1-86 in Zootaxa 2954 (1) on page 49, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2954.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5282049
A simplified numerical model of coronal energy dissipation based on reduced MHD
Creators: name: Buchlin, E.
name: Aletti, V.
name: Galtier, S.
name: Velli, M.
name: Einaudi, G.
name: Vial, J. -C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A 3D model intermediate between cellular automata (CA) models and the reduced magnetohydrodynamic (RMHD) equations is presented to simulate solar impulsive events generated along a coronal magnetic loop. The model consists of a set of planes distributed along a magnetic loop between which the information propagates through Alfven waves. Statistical properties in terms of power-laws for energies and durations of dissipative events are obtained, and their agreement with X-ray and UV flares observations is discussed. The existence of observational biases is also discussed.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Field dependence of the vortex structure in chiral p-wave superconductors
Creators: name: Ichioka, Masanori
name: Machida, Kazushige
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To investigate the different vortex structure between two chiral pairing p_x +(-) i p_y, we calculate the pair potential, the internal field, the local density of states, and free energy in the vortex lattice state based on the quasiclassical Eilenberger theory, and analyze the magnetic field dependence. The induced opposite chiral component of the pair potential plays an important role in the vortex structure. It also produces H^{1/2}-behavior of the zero-energy density of states at higher field. These results are helpful when we understand the vortex states in Sr2RuO4.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev. B
มาตรการทางกฎหมายที่เหมาะสมกับการทำแท้ง
Creators: name: วิภาพร เนติจิรโชติ
Publisher: name: วิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีภาคใต้
Year: 2560
Subjects: การตั้งครรภ์ไม่พึงประสงค์
การยุติการตั้งครรภ์
การทำแท้ง
กฎหมายทำแท้ง

description: วารสารเทคโนโลยีภาคใต้, 10, 2, 215-222
Gestion du foncier et des infrastructures sociocommunautaires : revue de littérature thématique et analyse bibliométrique
Creators: name: GBADAMASSI Fousséni
name: VODOUNOU Jean Bosco
name: ISSA Maman-Sani
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: The issue of land management and socio-community infrastructure is of paramount importance in the current context marked by local development issues. The objective of this document is to carry out a thematic literature review and a bibliometric analysis on land management and socio-community infrastructure. The methodology used is documentary research based on the Google Scholar search engine for the thematic literature review and on the Scopus database for the bibliometric analysis made with the bibliometrix library of the RStudio software. The results obtained reveal that the popular expressions in publications that are closely related to the research question are land use, land management and infrastructure planning. The methods of analyzing the distribution of infrastructure can be summarized in 4 groups: Thiessen polygons, buffer zone, centrographic measurement, spatial autocorrelation and isochrone/iso distance measurements. The famous document in through bibliometrics is that of C. Lemmen et al. published in 2015 which praises a domain model of land administration.
Parameterization of tensor network contraction
Creators: name: O'Gorman, Bryan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a conceptually clear and algorithmically useful framework for parameterizing the costs of tensor network contraction. Our framework is completely general, applying to tensor networks with arbitrary bond dimensions, open legs, and hyperedges. The fundamental objects of our framework are rooted and unrooted contraction trees, which represent classes of contraction orders. Properties of a contraction tree correspond directly and precisely to the time and space costs of tensor network contraction. The properties of rooted contraction trees give the costs of parallelized contraction algorithms. We show how contraction trees relate to existing tree-like objects in the graph theory literature, bringing to bear a wide range of graph algorithms and tools to tensor network contraction. Independent of tensor networks, we show that the edge congestion of a graph is almost equal to the branchwidth of its line graph.
Ballistic spin-polarized transport and Rashba spin precession in semiconductor nanowires
Creators: name: Mireles, Francisco
name: Kirczenow, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present numerical calculations of the ballistic spin-transport properties of quasi-one-dimensional wires in the presence of the spin-orbit (Rashba) interaction. A tight-binding analog of the Rashba Hamiltonian which models the Rashba effect is used. By varying the robustness of the Rashba coupling and the width of the wire, weak and strong coupling regimes are identified. Perfect electron spin-modulation is found for the former regime, regardless of the incident Fermi energy and mode number. In the latter however, the spin-conductance has a strong energy dependence due to a nontrivial subband intermixing induced by the strong Rashba coupling. This would imply a strong suppression of the spin-modulation at higher temperatures and source-drain voltages. The results may be of relevance for the implementation of quasi-one-dimensional spin transistor devices.
description: 19 pages (incl. 9 figures). To be published in PRB
Pond fish culture and needs for credit: A study in selected areas of Tangail district
Creators: name: Rahman, M. A.
name: Ahmed, F.
name: Islam, M. S.
name: Khan, M. A.
name: Rahman, M. A.
name: Ahmed, F.
name: Islam, M. S.
name: Khan, M. A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Pond fish farming
subject: Cost and Return
subject: Profitability
subject: Credit

description: This study examines the cost, returns, profitability of pond fish farm, requirements, adequacy, sources and utilization patterns of credit and problems associated with pond fish farming in Madhupur Upazila of Tangail district. A total of 60 farmers with small traditional types of ponds were randomly selected for this study. Both description and econometric analysis were used. Human labour was the most important and one of the largest inputs used for pond fish production. The average per acre human labour cost, fingerlings cost, feed cost, chemical fertilizers cost, manure cost, and lime cost were Tk. 9345, Tk. 18506, Tk.10476, Tk.3759, Tk. 329, and Tk.1605, respectively. Pond rental value was calculated at Tk. 11537 per acre for one year which shared 26.42 percent of total costs of pond fish production. Gross return was Tk. 70928 per acre. Gross margin and net return of the pond fish farm were Tk.38118 and Tk. 24081 per acre respectively. The BCR was 1.514. Out of 60 farmers, only 11 farmers received loans from different sources and 86.67 percent of applied amount received. About 83 percent of the loan used for operating expenditure of farming and rest 17 percent loan used for non-farm expenditure. There were some problems in fish farming, such as insufficient water, high feed cost etc. Government needs to provide subsidized feed, technical supports and credit facilities for the small scale fish farmers.
Jamming, hysteresis and oscillation in scalar models for shear thickening
Creators: name: Head, D. A.
name: Ajdari, A.
name: Cates, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate shear thickening and jamming within the framework of a family of spatially homogeneous, scalar rheological models. These are based on the `soft glassy rheology' model of Sollich et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 2020 (1997)], but with an effective temperature x that is a decreasing function of either the global stress σor the local strain l. For appropiate x=x(σ), it is shown that the flow curves include a region of negative slope, around which the stress exhibits hysteresis under a cyclically varying imposed strain rate \gd. A subclass of these x(σ) have flow curves that touch the \gd=0 axis for a finite range of stresses; imposing a stress from this range {\em jams} the system, in the sense that the strain γcreeps only logarithmically with time t, γ(t)\sim\ln t. These same systems may produce a finite asymptotic yield stress under an imposed strain, in a manner that depends on the entire stress history of the sample, a phenomenon we refer to as history--dependent jamming. In contrast, when x=x(l) the flow curves are always monotonic, but we show that some x(l) generate an oscillatory strain response for a range of steady imposed stresses. Similar spontaneous oscillations are observed in a simplified model with fewer degrees of freedom. We discuss this result in relation to the temporal instabilities observed in rheological experiments and stick--slip behaviour found in other contexts, and comment on the possible relationship with `delay differential equations' that are known to produce oscillations and chaos.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures. To appear in Phys. Rev. E
title: Rule of Law Conditionality: The Long-awaited Step Towards a Solution of the Rule of Law Crisis in the European Union?
Creators: name: Kirst, Niels
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: conditionality
subject: rule of law
subject: effective judicial protection
subject: institutional balance
subject: multiannual financial framework
subject: next generation fund

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2021 6(1), 101-110
description: European Forum Insight of 22 April 2021
description: I. Introduction. - II. The adoption of the Conditionality Regulation. - III. Preconditions of the Regulation. - IV. Procedural steps of the Regulation. - V. Substantive definitions of the Regulation. - VI. Sanctions under the Regulation. - VII. The Rule of Law in the Member States v the Rule of Law of the Institutions? - VIII. Prospects of the Conditionality Regulation.
description: In December 2020, the European Parliament and the Council adopted a new piece of legislation aimed at protecting the rule of law in the Member States of the Union - the so-called rule of law Conditionality Regulation. This contribution tracks the legislative process in the run up to the new Regulation, analyses the sub-stance and the procedure, and provides an outlook onto the future application and its obstacles. Finally, and by placing a particular emphasise on the Conclusions of the European Council in December 2020, this contribution inquires whether the European Council exceeded its remit by giving the European Commission precise instructions regarding the application of the new Regulation.
Gamma-Ray Burst Hubble Diagram to z=4.5
Creators: name: Schaefer, Bradley E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are tremendous explosions visible across most of the Universe, certainly out to redshifts of z=4.5 and likely out to z~10. Recently, GRBs have been found to have a roughly constant explosive energy as well as to have two luminosity indicators (the spectral lag time and the variability) that can be used to derive the burst's luminosity distance from the gamma-ray light curve alone. There currently exists enough information to calibrate luminosity distances and independent redshifts for nine bursts. From these, a GRB Hubble diagram can be constructed, where the observed shape of the curve provides a record of the expansion history of our Universe. The current nine burst diagram is sparse, yet formal limits can be placed on the mass density of a flat Universe. This first GRB Hubble diagram provides a proof of concept for a new technique in cosmology at very high redshifts. With the launch of the SWIFT satellite in 2003, we should get ~120 bursts to produce a Hubble diagram impervious to all effects of dust extinction and out to redshifts impossible to reach by any other method.
description: ApJ Letters in press, 11 pages, 2 figures
Does a surface attached globule phase exist ?
Creators: name: Mishra, Pramod Kumar
name: Giri, D.
name: Kumar, S.
name: Singh, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A long flexible neutral polymer chain immersed in a poor solvent and interacting with an impenetrable attractive surface exhibits a phase known as surface attached globule ({\bf SAG}) in addition to other adsorbed and desorbed phases. In the thermodynamic limit, the {\bf SAG} phase has the same free energy per monomer as the globular phase, and the transition between them is a surface transition. We have investigated the phase diagrams of such a chain in both two- and three- dimensions and calculated the distribution of monomers in different domains of the phase diagram.
description: 7 pages, 7 postscript figures
Traditional rice storage facilities and options for safe storage: A study in some selected flood-prone areas under Bhola district
Creators: name: Hasan, M. K.
name: Abedin, M. Z.
name: Islam, T.
name: Rahman, M. Z.
name: Hasan, M. K.
name: Abedin, M. Z.
name: Islam, T.
name: Rahman, M. Z.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Rice storage facilities
subject: Storage loss
subject: Cooperative storage
subject: Flood-prone area

description: The study aimed at identifying the existing rice storage facilities, problems and prospects at farmer’s level in some selected five unions in two flood-prone upazillas under Bhola district of Bangladesh. The farmer’s suggested policy options for safe storage of rice are also discussed. The selection of Upazilas and villages were done purposively whereas the sample households were selected randomly using stratified random sampling technique with arbitrary allocation. The farmers were classified as small, medium and large based their land ownership. Data on the average rice production, consumption, storage volume and costs of storage and losses of rice in different storage structures/containers from selected 50 farmers of study areas were collected through pre-tested questionnaire. The farmers generally used traditional storage structures such as Dole, Berh, Motka, Jala, Gola, Plastic drum and Gunny/Plastic bags for storing rice. Plastic drum, Gunny and Plastic bags and Motka/Jala were found more economical for the farmers considering the capital cost, expected life and storage loss. Over 90% of the farmers’ felt the need for training on safe storage and over 80% of the small and medium farmers were interested in getting government help through loans, grants, etc. About 60% of the farmers expressed their interest on cooperative storage system to store and protect their food grains during the time of floods. Farmers opined to construct storage structures at an easily accessible place within their village or union under common or cooperative storage systems. The proposed storage system, on implementation, could be managed or overseen by a committee elected/selected by the cooperative society members.
Radfordia (Microtimyobia) dinaromys Bochkov 2011, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Bochkov, Andre V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Myobiidae
Radfordia
Radfordia dinaromys

description: 15. Radfordia (Microtimyobia) dinaromys sp. nov.
(Figs. 39–41)
 Diagnosis. FEMALE (Fig. 39). Subcapitular setae m with 3 tines. Most dorsal setae of idiosoma wide lanceolate. Setae vi distinctly wider than e2. Setae e1 and f1 filiform. Distance c1-d1 1.5 times longer than d1-d2. Vulvar region ornamented in posterior part. Setae ps3 distinctly developed, slightly curved. Setae ag2 broken. Setae 1b and 1d slightly thicker than 1a. Setae 2a whip-like, much longer than 2b. Setae 3a short, subequal 4a. Trochanter I with ventral projection, without tubercles. Measurements of holotype: body, including gnathosoma, 430 long, 185 maximum wide. Lengths of setae: vi 80 (7 wide); ve 125, si 115, se 110, c2 115—all 12 wide; c1 85, d1 80, d2 87— all 15 wide; e1 and f1 about 10, e2 37 (4 wide), 2a 65, 3a and 4a about 12.
 MALE (Fig. 40). Subcapitular setae m membranous lanceolate, pointed apically. Genital cone slightly elongated, length/width ratio 1.7–1.8:1, with straight lateral margins without projections. Bases of setae vi situated anterior to setae ps2. Setae f1 and e2 very short, more than 5 times shorter than e1, f1 about 2 times shorter than e2. Posterior end of opisthosoma with few tubercles. Setae 2a very short, setae 2b subequal to 3a and only slightly longer than 4a. Trochanter I with weakly developed ventral projection, without tubercles. Dorsal seta of trochanter III shorter than respective segment. Measurements of paratypes: body, including gnathosoma, 300–310 long, 180–185 maximum wide. Aedeagus 125 long. Lengths of setae: vi 15–17, ve 55–57, si 50–52, se 105–110, c2 90–100, e1 50 –53, e2 11 –12, f1 5–6, 2a 12–14, 2b 17–18, 3a 18–20, 4a 12–14.
 FEMALE TRITONYMPH (Fig. 41). Setae h2 stick-like, f2 and other dorsal idiosomal setae narrow lanceolate. Setae 3a and 4a short, about 10 long. Tarsus IV without setae.
 Differential diagnosis. See key.
 Etymology. The species name is derived from the generic name of the host and is a noun in apposition.
 Type host and locality. Dinaromys bogdanovi from Montenegro (Cetinje).
 Hosts and distribution. This species is known so far only from the type host and locality.
 Material examined. Female holotype (ZISP T-My-32), 2 female and 1 female TN paratypes from Dinaromys bogdanovi, MONTENEGRO: Cetinje, 10 May 1922, coll. V.E. Martino.
 Type deposition. Radfordia dinaromys —ZISP, female holotype (T-My-32) and all paratypes (examined).
description: Published as part of Bochkov, Andre V., 2011, Mites of the subgenus Microtimyobia (Acariformes: Myobiidae: Radfordia) and their host-parasite relationships with cricetid rodents (Cricetidae) 2954, pp. 1-86 in Zootaxa 2954 (1) on pages 49-50, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2954.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5282049
Quantitative relationships between acentric fragments and micronuclei: new models and implications for curve fitting
Creators: name: Udroiu, Ion
name: Sgura, Antonella
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: Purpose: To examine the phenomena governing the quantitative relationships between acentric fragments and micronuclei and understand which formulas are useful for curve-fitting of experimental data of micronuclei. Materials and methods: A stochastic model, including the phenomena of inclusion, coalescence and culling out, was developed and applied to experimental data. Results: Probabilities for inclusion/exclusion of acentric fragments into daughter nuclei and for coalescence of many fragments into a single micronucleus were found to be not cell type-specific. The biological basis for this result is explained with the lack of DNA damage checkpoints between metaphase (when acentric fragments are scored) and telophase (when micronuclei are formed). The phenomenon of “culling out” cells with high numbers of acentric fragments is also described, along with its proposed biological mechanism. Conclusions: Apart from complex formulas that describe these phenomena, we discuss which simple formulas can best approximate them and when is the case to use them for curve fitting of micronuclei data.
Additional file 1: of Comparative RNA-Seq analysis reveals a critical role for brassinosteroids in rose (Rosa hybrida) petal defense against Botrytis cinerea infection
Creators: name: Liu, Xintong
name: Cao, Xiaoqian
name: Shi, Shaochuan
name: Zhao, Na
name: Li, Dandan
name: Fang, Peihong
name: Chen, Xi
name: Qi, Weicong
name: Zhang, Zhao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Figure S1. Length distribution of the assembled unigenes. (DOCX 37 kb)
Zero-field Time Correlation Functions of Four Classical Heisenberg Spins on a Ring
Creators: name: Klemm, Richard A.
name: Luban, Marshall
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A model relevant for the study of certain molecular magnets is the ring of N=4 classical spins with equal near-neighbor isotropic Heisenberg exchange interactions. Assuming classical Heisenberg spin dynamics, we solve explicitly for the time evolution of each of the spins. Exact triple integral representations are derived for the auto, near-neighbor, and next-nearest-neighbor time correlation functions for any temperature. At infinite temperature, the correlation functions are reduced to quadrature. We then evaluate the Fourier transforms of these functions in closed form, which are double integrals. At low temperatures, the Fourier transform functions explicitly demonstrate the presence of magnons. Our exact results for the infinite temperature correlation functions in the long-time asymptotic limit differ qualitatively from those obtained assuming diffusive spin dynamics. Whether such explicitly non-hydrodynamic behavior would be maintained for large-N rings is discussed.
description: 18 pages, 21 figures
Shelf-life enhancement of papaya with aloe vera gel coating at ambient temperature
Creators: name: Sharmin, M. R.
name: Islam, M. N.
name: Alim, M. A.
name: Sharmin, M. R.
name: Islam, M. N.
name: Alim, M. A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Papaya
subject: Aloe vera gel
subject: Shelf-life

description: In this experiment the effects of aloe vera gel coating on storage behavior of papaya at room temperature (290C-310C) was studied. Physico-chemical parameters such as color, physical changes, moisture, ash, acidity, vitamin C, protein, fat and total soluble solids (TSS) of papaya and aloe vera was determined at 3 days interval during the storage period. Among the physico-chemical parameters, color, physical changes, total weight loss and TSS contents increased significantly, whereas moisture content, vitamin C and titrable acidity decreased during storage. Control and 0.5% aloe vera treated papaya decayed from 6 days onward and completely decayed within 12 days of storage. On the other hand, 1% and 1.5% aloe vera gel coated papaya maintained their shelf-life for 9 and 12 days, respectively. Some of 1.5% aloe vera coated papaya decayed after 15 days. Papaya treated with 1.5% aloe vera solution, maintained their color & physical changes compared to other treatments up to 12 days of storage. The overall results showed the superiority of 1.5% aloe vera gel coating in extending the shelf-life of papaya upto 15 days compared to that of 0.5%, 1% aloe vera gel coating and control papaya. The present study describes the preparation and potential application of aloe vera gel coatings for enhancing the postharvest life and quality of papaya.
Additional file 1 of The repurposed use of anesthesia machines to ventilate critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Creators: name: Bottiroli, Maurizio
name: Calini, Angelo
name: Pinciroli, Riccardo
name: Mueller, Ariel
name: Siragusa, Antonio
name: Anelli, Carlo
name: Urman, Richard D.
name: Nozari, Ala
name: Berra, Lorenzo
name: Mondino, Michele
name: Fumagalli, Roberto
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
How Pulses in Short Gamma-Ray Bursts Constrain HMXRB Evolution
Creators: name: Hakkila, Jon
name: Preece, Robert D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate how pulse structures in Short gamma-ray bursts (SGRBs), coupled with observations of GRB/GW 170817A, constrain the geometries of dying HMXRB systems composed of merging neutron stars.
description: 5 pages, 8 figures
Deep XMM-Newton survey of M33
Creators: name: Pietsch, W.
name: Ehle, M.
name: Haberl, F.
name: Misanovic, Z.
name: Trinchieri, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In an XMM-Newton raster observation of the bright local group spiral galaxy M33 we study the population of X-ray sources (X-ray binaries, supernova remnants, super-shells) down to a 0.5-10 keV luminosity of 10^35 erg s^-1 -- more than a factor of 10 deeper than earlier ROSAT observations. EPIC spectra and hardness ratios are used to distinguish between different source classes. We confirmed the 3.45 d orbital light curve of the X-ray binary M33 X7, detected a transient super-soft source in M33, and searched for short term variability of the brighter sources. We characterize the diffuse X-ray component that is correlated with the inner disk and spiral arms. We will compare the results with other nearby galaxies.
description: Proceedings of the "X-ray surveys, in the light of the new observatories" workshop, Astronomische Nachrichten, in the press (4 pages, 5 figures, uses an.cls)
title: Religious Slaughtering, a Stunning Matter: Centraal Israëlitisch Consistorie van België and Others
Creators: name: Hehemann, Lena
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: animal welfare
subject: art. 13
subject: religious rites
subject: halal
subject: animal protection
subject: evolving societal context of fundamental rights

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2021 6(1), 111-119
description: European Forum Insight of 22 April 2021
description: I. Introduction. - II. Background and facts. - III. Judgment. - IV. Comment. - IV.1. Religious slaughter, animal welfare and strict regulation. - VI.2. A secular Court and the judgment of religious rites. - V. Final remarks.
description: In Centraal Israëlitisch Consistorie van België and Others (case C-336/19 ECLI:EU:C:2020:1031) the Court of Justice held that EU Member States are allowed to require, in the context of ritual slaughter, a reversible stunning procedure which cannot result in the animal's death. According to the Court, Regulation 1099/2009 on the protection of animals at the time of killing permits strict animal welfare legislation in relation to religious slaughtering. While the judgement is a welcomed step toward high animal welfare standards in the EU, in certain aspects the Court's argumentation does not seem well thought out.