cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Constraints on cosmic strings from the ligo-virgo gravitational-wave detectors
Creators: name: Aasi, J.
name: Allen, Bruce
name: Ast, Stefan
name: Aufmuth, Peter
name: Danzmann, Karsten
name: Kaufer, S.
name: Lück, Harald
name: Meier, Tobias
name: Schnabel, R.
name: Vahlbruch, H.
name: Willke, Benno
name: Et Al.
name: LIGO Scientific Collaboration
name: Collaboration, Virgo
Publisher: name: College Park, MD : American Physical Society
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Gravitational waves
subject: Gravitational wave detectors
subject: Gravitationswelle
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Cosmic strings can give rise to a large variety of interesting astrophysical phenomena. Among them, powerful bursts of gravitational waves (GWs) produced by cusps are a promising observational signature. In this Letter we present a search for GWs from cosmic string cusps in data collected by the LIGO and Virgo gravitational wave detectors between 2005 and 2010, with over 625 days of live time. We find no evidence of GW signals from cosmic strings. From this result, we derive new constraints on cosmic string parameters, which complement and improve existing limits from previous searches for a stochastic background of GWs from cosmic microwave background measurements and pulsar timing data. In particular, if the size of loops is given by the gravitational backreaction scale, we place upper limits on the string tension Gμ below 10−8 in some regions of the cosmic string parameter space. © 2014 The American Physical Society
Continuous order-disorder phase transitions of the p(2×2) and (3 × 3) R30°superstructures of sulfur on Ru(001): Effective critical exponents and finite-size effects
Creators: name: Sokolowski, M.
name: Pfnür, Herbert
Publisher: name: College Park, MD : American Physical Society
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: phase transition
subject: sulfur
subject: superstructures
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Critical properties of the two-dimensional order-disorder phase transitions of the p(2×2) and the (3 × 3) R30°superstructures of sulfur chemisorbed on Ru(001) were determined by spot-profile analysis using high-resolution low-energy electron diffraction. Both transitions are continuous, as evident from the power-law behavior observed for 0.01≤t≤0.1 (t=T/Tc-1) and from the values obtained for the critical exponents. For smaller t the phase transitions are finite-size rounded by an interaction of the superstructure domains with steps (average distance between steps ∼275). The values of the effective exponents β of the order parameter, ν of the correlation length, γ of the susceptibility, and the exponent η [only determined for p(2×2)] fall close to the values theoretically predicted for the four-state and three-state Potts universality classes, respectively. Deviations of experimental values from Potts values, found for β and γ, are attributed to corrections to scaling which in part might be specific of the lattice gas. Additional experiments on vicinal surfaces with higher step densities show that pinning of the superstructure domains at monoatomic steps limits the correlation length to values below the average terrace width. The finite-size-induced effects are quantitatively compatible with predictions from finite-size scaling theory. © 1994 The American Physical Society.
Turbulence evolution in MHD plasmas
Creators: name: Wisniewski, M.
name: Kissmann, R.
name: Spanier, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Turbulence in the interstellar medium has been an active field of research in the last decade. Numerical simulations are the tool of choice in most cases. But while there are a number of simulations on the market some questions have not been answered finally. In this paper we are going to examine the influence of compressible and incompressible driving on the evolution of turbulent spectra in a number of possible interstellar medium scenarios. We conclude that the driving not only has an influence on the ratio of compressible to incompressible component but also on the anisotropy of turbulence.
description: Accepted for publication in Journal of Plasma Physics
EUV ionization of pure He nanodroplets: Mass-correlated photoelectron imaging, Penning ionization and electron energy-loss spectra
Creators: name: Buchta, D.
name: Krishnan, S. R.
name: Brauer, N. B.
name: Drabbels, M.
name: O'Keeffe, P.
name: Devetta, M.
name: Di Fraia, M.
name: Callegari, C.
name: Richter, R.
name: Coreno, M.
name: Prince, K. C.
name: Stienkemeier, F.
name: Moshammer, R.
name: Mudrich, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ionization dynamics of pure He nanodroplets irradiated by EUV radiation is studied using Velocity-Map Imaging PhotoElectron-PhotoIon COincidence (VMI-PEPICO) spectroscopy. We present photoelectron energy spectra and angular distributions measured in coincidence with the most abundant ions He+, He2+, and He3+. Surprisingly, below the autoionization threshold of He droplets we find indications for multiple excitation and subsequent ionization of the droplets by a Penning-like process. At high photon energies we evidence inelastic collisions of photoelectrons with the surrounding He atoms in the droplets.
Einfluss von Kohlenstoff-Deltaschichten auf die Defektausbreitung in der Germaniumepitaxie
Creators: name: Barnscheidt, Yvo
Publisher: name: Hannover : Institutionelles Repositorium der Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: germanium
subject: carbon
subject: strained-layer superlattice
subject: dislocation filtering
subject: Germanium
subject: Kohlenstoff
subject: verspannte Übergitter
subject: Versetzungsfilter
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Die monolithische Integration von Germanium in die Siliziumtechnologie ist ein hochaktuelles Forschungsthema, da auf diese Weise mehrere neue Anwendungsgebiete wie Optoelektronik, Quantencomputer und 2D-Materialien in der Nanoelektronik erschlossen werden können. Die Herausforderung ist hierbei das Wachstum von möglichst dünnen und defektarmen Germaniumschichten mit einem zur Siliziumtechnologie kompatiblen Prozess. Unter diesen Rahmenbedingungen wurde in der vorliegenden Dissertation ein Prozessablauf entwickelt, der auf dem Einsatz von Kohlenstoff-Deltaschichten als Defektfilter beruht. Durch einen zweistufigen Defektfilter konnte die Durchstoßversetzungsdichte in epitaktisch gewachsenen Germaniumschichten gegenüber ungefilterten Referenzproben um den Faktor 1,4 reduziert werden. Die entwickelten Defektfilterschichten basieren auf dem Prinzip der gitterfehlangepassten Überstrukturen. Die Gitterfehlanpassung entsteht durch eine Kohlenstoff-Deltaschicht, die beim Wachstum im Germanium vergraben wird. Kohlenstoff-Adatome zeigen auf Germaniumoberflächen eine thermodynamisch bevorzugte Bildung von Kohlenstoff-Clustern, die durch geringe Substrattemperaturen kinetisch gehemmt werden kann und in substitutionellem Einbau resultiert. Durch den Einbau wird die Germaniumüberstruktur verspannt, was mit Röntgenbeugung und Nano-Strahl-Elektronenbeugung nachgewiesen wurde. Derart verspannte Überstrukturen zeigten in temperaturabhängigen Analysen eine plastische Relaxation im Bereich 430 °C
Impact of environmental policy stringency on sectoral GHG emissions: evidence from Finland and Sweden by nonlinear quantile-based methods
Creators: name: Kartal, Mustafa Tevfik
name: Ayhan, Fatih
name: Ulussever, Talat
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Plant Biology

description: The growing societal concern regarding environmental matters has led to the implementation of many environmental measures intended to protect the environment and address global warming by lessening emissions and mitigating climate change. In line with this movement, this study scrutinizes the impact of these environmental measures on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to analyze the cases of Finland and Sweden. More specifically, the study employs the Environmental Policy Stringency (EPS) index as a proxy for environmental measures, explores sector-specific GHG emissions by employing nonlinear quantile-based methodologies (including quantile-on-quantile regression and Granger causality-in-quantiles methods as the primary model and quantile regression for robustness checking) spanning the period from 1991/Q1 to 2020/Q4. The findings show that: (i) EPS lessens GHG emissions from fuel exploitation, industrial combustion, and the power industry sector at lower and middle quantiles in Finland and Sweden; (ii) EPS decreases GHG emissions from processes, transportation, and waste sectors in Finland but increases them in Sweden at higher quantiles; (iii) EPS leads to an increase in GHG emissions from the agriculture and construction sectors at higher quantiles; (iv) EPS has a causal effect on sector-specific GHG emissions across different quantiles; (v) the robustness of the findings is largely confirmed. Hence, the study underscores the varying impacts of EPS on sectoral GHG emissions based on quantiles, sectors, and countries, emphasizing the need for policymakers to adopt environmental policies to comprise these differences and adjust the policy framework accordingly.
Performance analysis for OFDM-based multi-carrier continuous-variable quantum key distribution with arbitrary modulation protocol
Creators: name: Wang, Heng
name: Pan, Yan
name: Shao, Yun
name: Pi, Yaodi
name: Ye, Ting
name: Li, Yang
name: Zhang, Tao
name: Liu, Jinlu
name: Yang, Jie
name: Ma, Li
name: Huang, Wei
name: Xu, Bingjie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multi-carrier continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) is considered to be a promising way to boost the secret key rate (SKR) over the existing single-carrier CV-QKD scheme. However, the extra excess noise induced in the imperfect multi-carrier quantum state preparation process of N subcarriers will limit the performance of the system. Here, a systematic modulation noise model is proposed for the multi-carrier CV-QKD based on the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). Subsequently, the performance of multi-carrier CV-QKD with arbitrary modulation protocol (e.g. QPSK, 256QAM and Gaussian modulation protocol) can be quantitatively evaluated by combining the security analysis method of the single-carrier CV-QKD. Under practical system parameters, the simulation results show that the SKR of the multi-carrier CV-QKD can still be significantly improved by increasing the carrier number N even with imperfect practical modulations. Specifically, the total SKR of multi-carrier CV-QKD can be optimized by carefully choosing N. The proposed model provides a feasible theoretical framework for the future multi-carrier CV-QKD experimental implementation.
description: 15 pages, 14 figures
Gravitational Infall onto Molecular Filaments
Creators: name: Heitsch, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two aspects of filamentary molecular cloud evolution are addressed: (1) Exploring analytically the role of the environment for the evolution of filaments demonstrates that considering them in isolation (i.e. just addressing the fragmentation stability) will result in unphysical conclusions about the filament's properties. Accretion can also explain the observed decorrelation between FWHM and peak column density. (2) Free-fall accretion onto finite filaments can lead to the characteristic "fans" of infrared-dark clouds around star-forming regions. The fans may form due to tidal forces mostly arising at the ends of the filaments, consistent with numerical models and earlier analytical studies.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures, accepted by ApJ
Two-level system with broken inversion symmetry coupled to a quantum harmonic oscillator
Creators: name: Avetissian, H. K.
name: Mkrtchian, G. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the generalized Jaynes-Cummings model of quantum optics at the inversion-symmetry-breaking and in the ultrastrong coupling regime. With the help of a generalized multiphoton rotating-wave approximation, we study the stationary solutions of the Schrödinger equation. It is shown that the problem is reduced to resonant interaction of two position-displaced harmonic oscillators. Explicit expressions for the eigenstates and eigenvalues of generalized Jaynes-Cummings Hamiltonian are presented. We exemplify our physical model with analytical and numerical considerations regarding collapse and revivals of the initial population of a two-level system and photon distribution function at the direct multiphoton resonant coupling.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Changes and divergences of urban climate adaptability in Pearl River Delta: spatiotemporal patterns and driving forces
Creators: name: Mao, Yang
name: Li, Zhengyan
name: Rui, Sun
name: Wu, Gang
name: Fu, Xiao
name: Tian, Ye
name: Zheng, Shuanning
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: With global change and urban expansion, the city’s vulnerable to climate-induced disasters is increasing significantly. Addressing this challenge has become a global priority and there is an urgent need to improve the resilience and adaptability. We focused on the climate adaptability of cities in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) in the southeastern China, and employed the entropy-weighting method and TOPSIS model to assess city’s adaptability to climate in three levels, exposure, sensitivity, and adaptation. Then, we applied the Obstacle and Geodetector model to identify the challenges of the cities and elucidate the primary drivers of the changes in climate adaptability from 2000 to 2020. This study shows a significant increase in climate adaptation within the PRD region over the past two decades, especially for economy-prosperous cities such as Shenzhen and Guangzhou that show significant improvement. Spatially, central cities are more adaptable than western cities. The density of urban drainage pipes, doctors per 1000 people, and GDP per capita are the main obstacles. The explanatory power of the number of invention patents and fixed investments persists in surpassing that of the heat index and other factors. This interaction underscores the imperative for integrated strategies aimed at fostering both socio-economic development and climate adaptability. It emphasizes the need to tailor urban planning approaches to the specific characteristics of cities in different locations and stages of development, thereby enhancing their capacity to adapt to climate change.
FUQAROLARNING HUQUQ VA MANFAATLARINI HIMOYA QILISHDA  BITIMLARNI HAQIQIY EMAS DEB TOPISH TOʼGʼRISIDAGI ISHLARNI  OʼZIGA XOS XUSUSIYATI
Creators: name: Ibratova, Feruza
name: Raxmatova, Farbina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Ushbu maqolada bitimlar kanday vujudga kelishi va ularni xakikiy yemas deb topish asoslari taxlil etiladi. Shuningdek ushbu maqolada bitimlar tuzish va bu bilan bogʼliq boʼlgan muammoli vaziyatlarga misollar joy olgan.
A pathological random perturbation of the Cat Map
Creators: name: Yarmola, Tatiana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we give an example of a random perturbation of the Cat Map that produces a "global statistical attractor" in the form of a line segment. The transition probabilities for this random perturbation are smooth in some but not all directions. All initial distributions on $\mathbb{T}^2$ are attracted to distributions supported on this line segment.
Dark solitons in bose-einstein condensates
Creators: name: Burger, S.
name: Bongs, Kai
name: Dettmer, S.
name: Ertmer, Wolfgang
name: Sengstock, K.
name: Sanpera, A.
name: Shlyapnikov, G.V.
name: Lewenstein, M.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: BECs
subject: nonlinear atom optics
subject: Gross-Pitaevskii equation
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Dark solitons in cigar-shaped Bose-Einstein condensates of 87Rb are created by a phase imprinting method. Coherent and dissipative dynamics of the solitons has been observed. © 1999 The American Physical Society.
Doping effect of Cu and Ni impurities on the Fe-based superconductor Ba0.6K0.4Fe2As2
Creators: name: Cheng, Peng
name: Shen, Bing
name: Han, Fei
name: Wen, Hai-Hu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Copper and Nickel impurities have been doped into the iron pnictide superconductor Ba0.6K0.4Fe2As2. Resistivity measurements reveal that Cu and Ni impurities suppress superconducting transition temperature T_c with rates of ΔT_c/Cu-1% = -3.5 K and ΔT_c/Ni-1% = -2.9 K respectively. Temperature dependence of Hall coefficient R_H of these two series of samples show that both Cu-doping and Ni-doping can introduce electrons into Ba0.6K0.4Fe2As2. With more doping, the sign of R_H gradually changes from positive to negative, while the changing rate of Cu-doped samples is much faster than that of Ni-doped ones. Combining with the results of first-principles calculations published previously and the non-monotonic evolution of the Hall coefficient in the low temperature region, we argue that when more Cu impurities were introduced into Ba0.6K0.4Fe2As2, the removal of Fermi spectral weight in the hole-like Fermi surfaces is much stronger than that in the electron-like Fermi surfaces, which is equivalent to significant electron doping effect. DC magnetization and the lattice constants analysis reveal that static magnetic moments and notable lattice compression have been formed in Cu-doped samples. It seems that the superconductivity can be suppressed by the impurities disregard whether they are magnetic or nonmagnetic in nature. This gives strong support to a pairing gap with a sign reversal, like S^\pm. However, the relatively slow suppression rates of T_c show the robustness of superconductivity of Ba0.6K0.4Fe2As2 against impurities, implying that multi-pairing channels may exist in the system.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
Adiabatic demagnetization cooling well below the magnetic ordering temperature in the triangular antiferromagnet KBaGd(BO3)2
Creators: name: Jesche, A.
name: Winterhalter-Stocker, N.
name: Hirschberger, F.
name: Bellon, A.
name: Bachus, S.
name: Tokiwa, Y.
name: Tsirlin, A. A.
name: Gegenwart, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Crystal structure, thermodynamic properties, and adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration (ADR) effect in the spin-7/2 triangular antiferromagnet KBaGd(BO3)2 are reported. With the average nearest-neighbor exchange coupling of 44 mK, this compound shows magnetic order below $T_N = 263$\,mK in zero field. The ADR tests reach the temperature of $T_{min} = 122$ mK, more than twice lower than $T_N$, along with the entropy storage capacity of 192 mJK$^{-1}$cm$^{-3}$ and the hold time of more than 8 hours in the PPMS setup, both significantly improved compared to the spin-1/2 Yb$^{3+}$ analog. We argue that KBaGd(BO3)2 shows a balanced interplay of exchange and dipolar couplings that together with structural randomness and geometrical frustration shift $T_{min}$ to well below the ordering temperature $T_N$, therefore facilitating the cooling.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, minor changes to the previous version, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
Polymer based whispering gallery mode humidity sensor
Creators: name: Petermann, Ann Britt
name: Hildebrandt, Thomas
name: Morgner, Uwe
name: Roth, Bernhard Wilhelm
name: Meinhardt-Wollweber, Merve
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI AG
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Humidity sensor
subject: Integrated optics device
subject: Polymer photonics
subject: Atmospheric humidity
subject: Humidity sensors
subject: Optical resonators
subject: Polymers
subject: High-sensitivity sensor
subject: Integrated optics devices
subject: Polymer based
subject: Real-life applications
subject: Relative humidity measurements
subject: Sensor concepts
subject: Whispering gallery mode resonator
subject: Whispering gallery modes
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: Whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonators are versatile high sensitivity sensors, but applications regularly suffer from elaborate and expensive manufacturing and read-out. We have realized a simple and inexpensive concept for an all-polymer WGM sensor. Here, we evaluate its performance for relative humidity measurements demonstrating a sensitivity of 47 pm/% RH. Our results show the sensor concepts’ promising potential for use in real-life applications and environments.
Tricked into Supporting: A Study on Computational Propaganda Persuasion Strategies
Creators: name: Nerino, Valentina
Publisher: name: QuiEdit
Year: 2021
Subjects: computational propaganda; bot-detection; heuristics

description: The study reported in this paper aims to theoretically and empirically explore computational propaganda (CP) – a systematic process of political misinformation perpetrated on social networking platforms by automated agents with the aim of increasing support for specific political stances – focusing in particular on the factors determining its potential effectiveness. The claim maintained throughout this paper is that, among the possible factors determining this effectiveness, a pivotal one is represented by the design of CP messages themselves. Indeed, the hypothesis underlying this investigation is that the way CP content is created and presented is not casual, but deliberately designed to embed in it a set of persuasion strategies aimed at triggering a specific cognitive deliberation: considering misinformation as factual. Drawing from the Dual Process Theory of Cognition, the argument proposed is that info-cues contained in CP messages play a pivotal role in determining the likelihood of CP effectiveness. To test this hypothesis, a two-step analysis characterized by a mixed-method strategy has been implemented. To identify and collect CP messages, a machine learning algorithm able to perform bot-detection has been developed, while to analyze the content of those messages, a combination of qualitative and quantitative text analysis techniques has been employed. Lastly, preliminary results are presented and future work discussed.
description: Italian Sociological Review, Vol 11, No 4S (2021)
In-Situ Synthesis of Nb2O5/g-C3N4 Heterostructures as Highly Efficient Photocatalysts for Molecular H2 Evolution under Solar Illumination
Creators: name: Idrees, Faryal
name: Dillert, Ralf
name: Bahnemann, Detlef W.
name: Butt, Faheem K.
name: Tahir, Muhammad
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Niobium(V) oxide
subject: graphitic carbon nitride
subject: hydrothermal synthesis
subject: H2 evolution
subject: photocatalysis
subject: heterostructures
subject: Z-Scheme
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: This work focuses on the synthesis of heterostructures with compatible band positions and a favourable surface area for the efficient photocatalytic production of molecular hydrogen (H2). In particular, 3-dimensional Nb2O5/g-C3N4 heterostructures with suitable band positions and high surface area have been synthesized employing a hydrothermal method. The combination of a Nb2O5 with a low charge carrier recombination rate and a g-C3N4 exhibiting high visible light absorption resulted in remarkable photocatalytic activity under simulated solar irradiation in the presence of various hole scavengers (triethanolamine (TEOA) and methanol). The following aspects of the novel material have been studied systematically: the influence of different molar ratios of Nb2O5 to g-C3N4 on the heterostructure properties, the role of the employed hole scavengers, and the impact of the co-catalyst and the charge carrier densities affecting the band alignment. The separation/transfer efficiency of the photogenerated electron-hole pairs is found to increase significantly as compared to that of pure Nb2O5 and g-C3N4, respectively, with the highest molecular H2 production of 110 mmol/g·h being obtained for 10 wt % of g-C3N4 over Nb2O5 as compared with that of g-C3N4 (33.46 mmol/g·h) and Nb2O5 (41.20 mmol/g·h). This enhanced photocatalytic activity is attributed to a sufficient interfacial interaction thus favouring the fast photogeneration of electron-hole pairs at the Nb2O5/g-C3N4 interface through a direct Z-scheme.
Data-driven photometric redshift estimation from type Ia supernovae light curves
Creators: name: de Oliveira, Felipe M F
name: Santos, Marcelo Vargas dos
name: Reis, Ribamar R R
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Redshift measurement has always been a constant need in modern astronomy and cosmology. And as new surveys have been providing an immense amount of data on astronomical objects, the need to process such data automatically proves to be increasingly necessary. In this article, we use simulated data from the Dark Energy Survey, and from a pipeline originally created to classify supernovae, we developed a linear regression algorithm optimized through novel automated machine learning (AutoML) frameworks achieving an error score better than ordinary data pre-processing methods when compared with other modern algorithms (such as XGBOOST). Numerically, the photometric prediction RMSE of type Ia supernovae events was reduced from 0.16 to 0.09 and the RMSE of all supernovae types decreased from 0.20 to 0.14. Our pipeline consists of four steps: through spectroscopic data points we interpolate the light curve using Gaussian process fitting algorithm, then using a wavelet transform we extract the most important features of such curves; in sequence we reduce the dimensionality of such features through principal component analysis, and in the end we applied super learning techniques (stacked ensemble methods) through an AutoML framework dedicated to optimize the parameters of several different machine learning models, better resolving the problem. As a final check, we obtained probability distribution functions (PDFs) using Gaussian kernel density estimations through the predictions of more than 50 models trained and optimized by AutoML. Those PDFs were calculated to replicate the original curves that used SALT2 model, a model used for the simulation of the raw data itself.
The Luminosities of Protostars in the Spitzer c2d and Gould Belt Legacy Clouds
Creators: name: Dunham, Michael M.
name: Arce, Hector G.
name: Allen, Lori E.
name: Evans, Neal J.
name: Broekhoven-Fiene, Hannah
name: Chapman, Nicholas L.
name: Cieza, Lucas A.
name: Gutermuth, Robert A.
name: Harvey, Paul M.
name: Hatchell, Jennifer
name: Huard, Tracy L.
name: Kirk, Jason M.
name: Matthews, Brenda C.
name: Merin, Bruno
name: Miller, Jennifer F.
name: Peterson, Dawn E.
name: Spezzi, Loredana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the long-standing "luminosity problem" in low-mass star formation whereby protostars are underluminous compared to theoretical expectations, we identify 230 protostars in 18 molecular clouds observed by two Spitzer Space Telescope Legacy surveys of nearby star-forming regions. We compile complete spectral energy distributions, calculate Lbol for each source, and study the protostellar luminosity distribution. This distribution extends over three orders of magnitude, from 0.01 Lsun - 69 Lsun, and has a mean and median of 4.3 Lsun and 1.3 Lsun, respectively. The distributions are very similar for Class 0 and Class I sources except for an excess of low luminosity (Lbol < 0.5 Lsun) Class I sources compared to Class 0. 100 out of the 230 protostars (43%) lack any available data in the far-infrared and submillimeter (70 um < wavelength < 850 um) and have Lbol underestimated by factors of 2.5 on average, and up to factors of 8-10 in extreme cases. Correcting these underestimates for each source individually once additional data becomes available will likely increase both the mean and median of the sample by 35% - 40%. We discuss and compare our results to several recent theoretical studies of protostellar luminosities and show that our new results do not invalidate the conclusions of any of these studies. As these studies demonstrate that there is more than one plausible accretion scenario that can match observations, future attention is clearly needed. The better statistics provided by our increased dataset should aid such future work.
description: Accepted for publication in AJ. 21 pages, 10 figures, 4 tables
The effect of interactions on 2D fermionic symmetry-protected topological phases with Z2 symmetry
Creators: name: Gu, Zheng-Cheng
name: Levin, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of interactions on 2D fermionic symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phases using the recently proposed braiding statistics approach. We focus on a simple class of examples: superconductors with a Z2 Ising symmetry. Although these systems are classified by Z in the noninteracting limit, our results suggest that the classification collapses to Z8 in the presence of interactions -- consistent with previous work that analyzed the stability of the edge. Specifically, we show that there are at least 8 different types of Ising superconductors that cannot be adiabatically connected to one another, even in the presence of strong interactions. In addition, we prove that each of the 7 nontrivial superconductors have protected edge modes.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
Correction to: Reduced microbial potential for the degradation of phenolic compounds in the rhizosphere of apple plantlets grown in soils affected by replant disease
Creators: name: Radl, Viviane
name: Winkler, Jana Babro
name: Kublik, Susanne
name: Yang, Luhua
name: Winkelmann, Traud
name: Vestergaard, Gisle
name: Schröder, Peter
name: Schloter, Michael
Publisher: name: Cham : Springer Nature Switzerland AG
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: [no abstract available]
Evolution of Yukawa Couplings and Quark Flavour Mixings in the 5D MSSM
Creators: name: Abdalgabar, Ammar
name: Cornell, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution equations of the Yukawa couplings and quark mixings are derived for the one-loop renormalization group equations in the 5D Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model on an {$S^1 / Z_2$} orbifold. Different possibilities for the matter fields are discussed such as the cases of bulk propagating or brane localised fields. We discuss in both cases the evolution of the mass ratios and the implications for the mixing angles.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, to appear in the proceedings for the Kruger2012 workshop
Alnus
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: F. Alnus Miller (Rhamnus Frangula L.) Cat. 63. l: Val du Trient, vielfach (J.). - 2:Ob Ayent (Marietan). - 3: Riddes-Bieudron (J.).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
A mechanistic view of the reduction in photosynthetic protein abundance under diurnal light fluctuation
Creators: name: Pao, Yi-Chen
name: Stützel, Hartmut
name: Chen, Tsu-Wie
Publisher: name: Oxford : Oxford Univ. Press
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Fluctuating light
subject: light fluctuation pattern
subject: light harvesting
subject: maximum carboxylation rate
subject: maximum electron transport rate
subject: modelling
subject: photosynthetic acclimation
subject: square wave light
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::580 | Pflanzen (Botanik)

description: Leaves adapted to diurnal fluctuating light (FL) tend to have reduced photosynthetic parameters in comparison with those grown under constant light but intercepting the same daily photon integral (DPI). This reduction may result from a non-linear relationship between photosynthetic protein synthesis rate (PPSR) and incident photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). Models incorporating the PPSR–PAR relationship have quantitatively predicted the effects of FL reported in the literature. Further simulations suggest that the degree of this reduction varies with the FL pattern, DPI level and parameters describing the PPSR–PAR relationship.
Brane-Worlds at the LHC: Branons and KK-gravitons
Creators: name: Cembranos, Jose A. R.
name: Delgado, Rafael L.
name: Dobado, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the possibility of testing some generic properties of Brane-World scenarios at the LHC. In particular, we pay attention to KK-graviton and branon production. Both signals can be dominant depending on the value of the brane tension. We analyze the differences between these two signatures. Finally, we use recent data in the single photon channel from the ATLAS collaboration to constraint the parameter space of both phenomenologies.
description: 26 pages, 3 figures
title: Автоматизированный синтез управляющих программ для роботизированной механообработки
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Профобразование
Year: 2022

description: В учебном пособии даны обзоры роботизированного комплекса металлообработки и программных средств для синтеза управляющих программ роботизированной механообработки. Описаны основные этапы автоматизированного синтеза управляющих программ для роботизированной механической обработки. Рассмотрены примеры реализации технологий обработки изделий. Учебное пособие может быть использовано студентами, обучающимися по профессии 15.01.32 «Оператор станков с программным управлением», при изучении дисциплины «Разработка управляющих программ для станков с числовым программным управлением», а также обучающимися по специальности среднего профессионального образования 15.02.16 «Технология машиностроения» при изучении дисциплины «Разработка и внедрение управляющих программ изготовления деталей машин в машиностроительном производстве».
SUPER-RESOLUTION SENSING AND IMAGING USING STRUCTURED LIGHT
Creators: name: Patel, Justin A
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Electrical engineering not elsewhere classified

description: Optical imaging methods are limited by the wavelength of light that they use and the amount of scatter that must be imaged through. Super-resolution imaging and sensing methods are those that bypass or mitigate such restrictions. Two super-resolution approaches are presented here using spatially or temporally structured light. Temporal intermittence or blinking of fluorescent emitters is exploited for localization through significant depths of heavy scatter to high resolution, and an efficient algorithm for doing so is presented. Such temporal structure of emission allows far greater resolution than previous comparable imaging methods, providing opportunities in biophotonics and environmental sensing. Spatial structure can be imposed on coherent light that passes through a heavily scattering medium, in the form of a speckle pattern. Speckle intensity correlations are sensitive to the motion of a moving object obscured by scatter, and we demonstrate that this scatter can act as an analyzer, enhancing this sensitivity as the amount of scatter increases. This increased sensitivity is studied using random matrix theory, and eigenchannel analysis is proposed as an explanation. Simulations demonstrate that a randomly scattering analyzer can give sub-wavelength geometric information about a translated, hidden object. Relative motion of structured illumination is explored, with simulations and mathematical analysis demonstrating far-subwavelength sensitivity using moving fields with multiple different types of structure. This work could enable a new approach for material inspection and characterization, and provide improvements in microscopy.
title: I.G. Farben's Petro-Chemical Plant and Concentration Camp at Auschwitz
Creators: name: Yavner, Robert Simon
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 1984

description: This study examines the history of the petrochemical plant and concentration camp run by I.G. Farbenindustrie (the dominant German chemical company during World War II) at Auschwitz to decide upon the degree of Farben’s involvement with Hitler and the Holocaust. The study traces the construction of the plant to determine Farben's participation at Auschwitz. The main sources consulted were the transcripts of the postwar Farben trial at Nuremberg along with eyewitness accounts of members of the prosecution staff. Based on the court's verdict, one might conclude that I.G. Farben operated in a state of coercion during the war and could not be held accountable for most of its actions. The history of the Auschwitz plant indicates, however, that I.G. Farben had some involvement in the extermination process.
The role of taste affinity in agent-based models for social recommendation
Creators: name: Cimini, Giulio
name: Zeng, An
name: Medo, Matus
name: Chen, Duanbing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the Internet era, online social media emerged as the main tool for sharing opinions and information among individuals. In this work we study an adaptive model of a social network where directed links connect users with similar tastes, and over which information propagates through social recommendation. Agent-based simulations of two different artificial settings for modeling user tastes are compared with patterns seen in real data, suggesting that users differing in their scope of interests is a more realistic assumption than users differing only in their particular interests. We further introduce an extensive set of similarity metrics based on users' past assessments, and evaluate their use in the given social recommendation model with both artificial simulations and real data. Superior recommendation performance is observed for similarity metrics that give preference to users with small scope---who thus act as selective filters in social recommendation.
Photosensitive poly-l-lysine/heparin interpolyelectrolyte complexes for delivery of genetic drugs
Creators: name: Korzhikov-Vlakh, Viktor
name: Katernuk, Iuliia
name: Pilipenko, Iuliia
name: Lavrentieva, Antonina
name: Guryanov, Ivan
name: Sharoyko, Vladimir
name: Manshina, Alina A.
name: Tennikova, Tatiana B.
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI AG
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Heparin
subject: Interpolyelectrolyte complex
subject: PDNA
subject: Photosensitive
subject: Poly-l-lysine
subject: SiRNA
subject: Amino acids
subject: Light sensitive materials
subject: Oligonucleotides
subject: Photosensitivity
subject: Polysaccharides
subject: Targeted drug delivery
subject: Biopharmaceutical drugs
subject: Cellular internalization
subject: Colloid particles
subject: Genetic materials
subject: Photosensitive properties
subject: Polymeric systems
subject: Triggered release
subject: Controlled drug delivery
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: Photo-triggered release of biopharmaceutical drugs inside the cells is a challenging direction of modern science, which requires obtaining new polymeric systems. The interpolyelectrolyte complexes (IPECs) of poly-l-lysine with heparin capable of encapsulation of genetic constructions-such as model oligonucleotide, siRNA, and pDNA-were obtained. Poly-l-lysine to heparin ratios were optimized to provide the appropriate release kinetics of genetic material from the polyplex. In order to impart the obtained IPEC with photosensitive properties, the linker was synthesized as based on 4-brommethyl-3-nitrobenzoic acid. The conditions and kinetics of photosensitive linker destruction were carefully studied. The colloid particles of IPEC were modified with Cy3 probe and their cellular internalization was investigated by flow cytometry method. The efficacy of photosensitive IPECs as siRNA and pDNA delivery system was evaluated. © 2020 by the authors.
title: Reform and Democracy: British and American Reactions to the French Revolution, 1789-1801
Creators: name: Wheless, Martha Lingua
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 1988

description: The outbreak of the French Revolution in 1789 had a profound effect on the countries of the western world. In Great Britain and America initial reaction to the Revolution was overwhelmingly positive, but as the events in France became increasingly violent opinions began to diverge. This thesis examines the diverse popular reactions to the French Revolution in both Great Britain and America. The role played by the governments of these nations in shaping public opinion is considered, as are the effects of the populaces' reactions on the government's policies, which culminated in the suppression of the parliamentary reform movement in Britain and the victory of Jeffersonian-style democracy in America.
Virtual reality nature experiences involving wolves on youtube: Presence, emotions, and attitudes in immersive and nonimmersive settings
Creators: name: Filter, Elin
name: Eckes, Alexander
name: Fiebelkorn, Florian
name: Büssing, Alexander Georg
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI AG
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Education for sustainable development
subject: Emotions
subject: Immersion
subject: Nature experiences
subject: Presence
subject: Return of the wolf
subject: Virtual reality
subject: education
subject: public attitude
subject: social media
subject: student
subject: university sector
subject: virtual reality
subject: Animalia
subject: Canidae
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::330 | Wirtschaft::333 | Boden- und Energiewirtschaft::333,7 | Natürliche Ressourcen, Energie und Umwelt
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::690 | Hausbau, Bauhandwerk

description: As some nature experiences, such as viewing wild animals, may be difficult to implement in science education, immersive virtual reality (VR) technologies have become a promising tool in education. However, there is limited knowledge regarding the effectiveness of nature experiences in VR. In this study, 50 German university students (M = 23.76 years, SD = 3.73 years) from diverse disciplines were randomly assigned to an immersive (head-mounted display; Oculus Quest) or a nonimmersive setting (external computer screen; desktop computer) and individually watched two 360° videos fromthe social media siteYouTube about wolves in their natural habitat. Besides measuring participants' attitudes towards wolves, we investigated their feeling of presence in the virtual environments with the Spatial Presence Experience Scale (SPES) and the retrospective emotions of interest, joy, and fear with the Differential Affect Scale (M-DAS). The immersive head-mounted display induced higher levels of presence and interest compared to the nonimmersive external computer screen. While higher interest in the screen setting was associated with more positive attitudes towards wolves, such a correlation could not be found in the head-mounted display setting. Thus, our study found that immersive technology could induce interest in a nature experience related to the tested socio-scientific issue, even among people who did not already hold positive attitudes toward the issue. Overall, our findings suggest that 360° videos using immersive technology provide nature experiences with positive affective learning outcomes, even though the study focused on nature experiences in VR and was not an educational experience per se. As we were unable to assess the role of novelty of VR experiences, the application of VR technologies and its effects in larger teaching and learning settings needs to be evaluated in further studies. © 2020 by the authors.
A rare complication of submental liposuction. A case report
Creators: name: Raymundo Herrera M.D.
name: Hector Manuel Riquelme M.D.
name: Gustavo Adolfo Luken M.D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Background
The use of plastic surgeries is increasingly common in the population (1) where it is more common to use developing countries, such as Mexico, which has important cities for medical tourism to benefit from the cheaper costs compared to the United States. However, every surgical procedure is not free of complications associated with an intervention. 
 
Keywords: Neck liposuction, plastic surgery complications.
Probing the Pomeron structure using dijets and $γ$+jet events at the LHC
Creators: name: Marquet, C.
name: Royon, C.
name: Saimpert, M.
name: Werder, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider hard diffractive events in proton-proton collisions at the LHC, in which both protons escape the collision intact. In such double Pomeron exchange processes, we propose to measure dijets and photon-jet final states, and we show that it has the potential to pin down the Pomeron quark and gluon contents, a crucial ingredient in the standard QCD description of hard diffraction. By comparing with predictions of the soft color interaction approach, we also show that more generally, the measurement of the photon-jet to di-jet cross section ratio can put stringent test on the QCD dynamics at play in diffractive processes in hadronic collisions.
Direct-Writing Atom-by-Atom
Creators: name: Dyck, Ondrej
name: Lupini, Andrew R.
name: Jesse, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Direct-write processes enable the alteration or deposition of materials in a continuous, directable, sequential fashion. In this work we demonstrate an electron beam direct-write process in an aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscope. This process has several fundamental differences from conventional electron beam induced deposition techniques, where the electron beam dissociates precursor gases into chemically reactive products that bond to a substrate. Here, we use elemental tin (Sn) as a precursor and employ a different mechanism to facilitate deposition. The atomic-sized electron beam is used to generate chemically reactive point defects at desired locations in a graphene substrate. Temperature control of the sample is used to enable the precursor atoms to migrate across the surface and bond to the defect sites thereby enabling atom-by-atom direct-writing.