Rhinoleucophenga punctuloides Poppe, Schmitz & Valente, 2015, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Poppe, Jean Lucas
name: Schmitz, Hermes José
name: Valente, Vera Lúcia Da Silva
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Drosophilidae
Rhinoleucophenga
Rhinoleucophenga punctuloides

description: Rhinoleucophenga punctuloides sp. nov.
(Figures 5 a–d; 6a–d; 7a–c)
R. lp1 Poppe et al., 2014: 219, 221, 230 (key)
Type series. Holotype: 1♂ labelled “ Rhinoleucophenga punctuloides; HOLOTYPE ♂; Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Bossoroca. 28°45’01”S 54°56’55”W, 20.xii.2011 col.: JL Poppe; banana bait”. Postabdomen of holotype dissected, stored in microvial with glycerin, stored on the same pin with the respective specimen. Paratypes: 4♂ and 2♀ labelled “ Rhinoleucophenga punctuloides; PARATYPE; Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Bossoroca. 28°45’01”S 54°56’55”W, 20.xii.2012 col.: JL Poppe; banana bait”. Holotype and paratypes are deposited in CEIOC /Fiocruz.
Diagnosis. Scutum brown covered with many small dark brown spots at bases of setae and setulae, two diffuse longitudinal dark brown stripes (Fig. 5 a). Head covered with ca. 40 scattered interfrontal setulae (Fig. 5 c), abdomen yellow with dark brown band which is medially interrupted and laterally broadened (Fig. 5 a). Wings hyaline, C-index= 2.77 (2.4–3.14) in male (Fig. 5 b). Male terminalia as in Figure 6 a–d. The females' spermathecal capsule presents an invagination that reaches the basal introvert (Fig. 7 c).
Description. ♂. Head (Fig. 5 c). Front brownish-yellow, covered with ca. 40 scattered interfrontal setulae, frontal length 0.46mm (0.43–0.50); frontal index = 1.28 (1.23–1.33); top-to-bottom width ratio = 1.15 (1.10–1.20); ocellar triangle to front length ratio = 0.45 (0.40–0.50); or1/or3 ratio = 1.04 (1.00–1.08); or2/or1 ratio = 0.78 (0.70– 0.87), each orbital setae with a brown patch around base; vibrissal index = 0.36 (0.25–0.47). Carina narrow, slightly nose-like and sulcate. Cheek index = 8.01 (7.2–9). Eye index = 1.29 (1.24–1.34). Antenna with flagellomeres of the same color as front, arista pubescent, with 6 dorsal branches and 4 ventral branches plus terminal fork. Palpus yellowish with ca. 15 setae on lower part.
Thorax (Fig. 5 a). Thorax length 1.31mm (1.21–1.41). Scutum and scutellum brown; scutum covered with many small dark brown spots at bases of setae and setulae, with two diffuse longitudinal dark brown stripes. 8 rows of acrostichal setulae. 3 pairs of prescutellar acrostichal setae, the central pair strongest, about 60% (59–62) of posterior dorsocentral setae. Postpronotum with one setae. Transverse distance between dorsocentral setae 3.86x (3.57–4.16) longitudinal distance. Basal scutellar setae divergent. Sterno index = 0.91 (0.88–0.94); median katepisternal setae absent; pleura yellowish with a diffuse brownish median stripe. Halteres whitish yellow. Legs yellow.
Wings (Fig. 5 b). Hyaline. Length 2.43mm (2.33–2.54); width 0.97mm (0.86–1.08). Indices: C = 2.77 (2.40– 3.14); hb = 0.52 (0.48–0.57); Ac = 1.68 (1.45–1.92); 4c = 1.27 (1.06–1.48); 4v = 2.81 (2.60–3.02); 5x = 1.62 (1.25– 2.00); M = 0.60 (0.50–0.71); prox.x = 1.14 (0.95–1.33).
Abdomen (Fig. 5 a). Abdomen with yellow ground color, tergite II with a dark brown stripe widely interrupted medially, tergites III to VI each with a broad, dark brown stripe which is medially interrupted and laterally broadened; the stripes are gradually enlarged towards tip of abdomen.
Body length: 2.65mm (2.50–2.80).
Terminalia ♂ (Fig. 6 a–d). Epandrium microtrichose, fused with surstyli. Approximately 14 prensisetae and about 7 inner setae and 17 outer setae on each surstylus. About 7 upper and 8 lower setae on each side of epandrium. Cerci elongated presenting a peculiar curved shape, with ca. 40 setae each, 15–20 longer setae in the apical portion; among the cerci there are two elongated structures microtrichose similar to finger tips. Aedeagus elongate, compound by two parallel structures wider in the base, apical portion is pointed; dorsal side with a medially pointed elongation, ventral side with about seven small pointed elongations like spines, both structures can be seen in lateral view. Apodeme long and bifurcate in the posterior region.
♀. Head. Same color pattern and setation as in male. Frontal length = 0.52mm (0.48–0.56); frontal index = 1.21 (1.19–1.24); top-to-bottom width ratio = 1.11 (1.07–1.14); ocellar triangle to frontal length ratio = 0.55 (0.50– 0.60); or1/or3 ratio = 1.18 (1.11–1.25); or2/or1 ratio = 0.77 (0.70–0.83). vibrissal index = 0.29 (0.25–0.32). Cheek index = 6.3 (5.00–7.60). Eye index = 1.25 (1.20–1.30). Other characters as in male.
Thorax. Same color pattern as in male. Thorax length 1.46mm (1.32–1.60). 6 rows of acrostichal setulae. 1 pair of prescutellar setae, about 65% (61–68) of posterior dorsocentral setae. Transverse distance between dorsocentral setae 4x (3.85–4.16) the longitudinal distance. Sterno index =0.95 (0.90–1.00). Other characters as in male.
Wings. Hyaline. Length 2.55mm (2.35–2.75); width 1.1mm (1.00–1.20). Indices: C = 3.26 (3.11–3.41); hb = 0.65 (0.58–0.72); Ac = 1.52 (1.38–1.67); 4c = 1.04 (0.95–1.12); 4v = 2.55 (2.35–2.75); 5x = 1.50 (1.29–1.70); M = 1.52 (0.67–0.85); prox.x = 1.05 (1.00–1.10).
Abdomen. Same color pattern as in male.
Body length: 2.85mm (2.70–3.00).
Terminalia ♀ (Fig. 7 a–c). Cerci long with ca. three longer apical setae on each. Epiproct short with few subequal setae. Hypoproct large with many setae including few longer ones. Spermathecal capsule elongate. Basal introvert reaching almost the top if inner capsule. The top of the spermathecal capsule presents an invagination that reaches the basal introvert.
Etymology. The species name refers to its spotted thorax and its strong similarity with R. punctulata based on external morphology.
Type locality. Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Bossoroca (28°45’01”S 54°56’55”W).
Distribution. Known only from the type locality.
Biology. Collected in fermented-banana traps, along the edges of forest patches of Pampa biome.
description: Published as part of Poppe, Jean Lucas, Schmitz, Hermes José & Valente, Vera Lúcia Da Silva, 2015, The New World genus Rhinoleucophenga (Diptera: Drosophilidae): new species and notes on occurrence records, pp. 349-370 in Zootaxa 3955 (3) on pages 355-358, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3955.3.4, http://zenodo.org/record/399945