cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Action of Hecke algebra on the double flag variety of type AIII
Creators: name: Fresse, Lucas
name: Nishiyama, Kyo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 20C08, Secondary 14M17, 14M15, 20G05

description: Consider a connected reductive algebraic group $ G $ and a symmetric subgroup $ K $. Let $ \mathfrak{X} = K/B_K \times G/P $ be a double flag variety of finite type, where $ B_K $ is a Borel subgroup of $ K $, and $ P $ a parabolic subgroup of $ G $. A general argument shows that the orbit space $ \mathbb{C}\,\mathfrak{X}/K $ inherits a natural action of the Hecke algebra $ \mathscr{H} = \mathscr{H}(K, B_K) $ of double cosets via convolutions. However, to find out the explicit structure of the Hecke module is a quite different problem.
 In this paper, we determine the explicit action of $ \mathscr{H} $ on $ \mathbb{C}\,\mathfrak{X}/K $ in a combinatorial way using graphs for the double flag variety of type AIII. As a by-product, we also get the description of the representation of the Weyl group on $ \mathbb{C}\,\mathfrak{X}/K $ as a direct sum of induced representations.
description: 18 pages
ИНВECТИЦИЯ ЛOЙИҲAЛAPНИ БOШҚAPИШ МEТOДOЛOГИЯCИ ВA ҲУҚУҚИЙ ACOCЛAPИ
Creators: name: Шакирова, Севара
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ушбу илмий мақолада инвестицион лойиҳаларни бошқариш методологияси бўйича жаҳон тажрибалари асосида лoйиҳa бoшқapувини aнaнвий (клaccик) уcуллари кенг ёритиб берилган. Инвестицион лойиҳаларни бошқариш билан бевосита боғлиқ бўлган ҳуқуқий хужжатлар кўриб чиқилган ва ривожлантириш ва тартибга солиш бўйича имтиёзлар ҳамда чора-тадбирлар кўриб чиқилган. Шу билан бирга инвecтиция лoйиҳaлapини caмapaли бoшқapиш имкoнини бepувчи муҳим вaзифaлap ҳам келтирилган.
BRL/Pisa/IIT SoftHand: A Low-cost, 3D-Printed, Underactuated, Tendon-Driven Hand with Soft and Adaptive Synergies
Creators: name: Li, Haoran
name: Ford, Christopher J.
name: Bianchi, Matteo
name: Catalano, Manuel G.
name: Psomopoulou, Efi
name: Lepora, Nathan F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper introduces the BRL/Pisa/IIT (BPI) SoftHand: a single actuator-driven, low-cost, 3D-printed, tendon-driven, underactuated robot hand that can be used to perform a range of grasping tasks. Based on the adaptive synergies of the Pisa/IIT SoftHand, we design a new joint system and tendon routing to facilitate the inclusion of both soft and adaptive synergies, which helps us balance durability, affordability and grasping performance of the hand. The focus of this work is on the design, simulation, synergies and grasping tests of this SoftHand. The novel phalanges are designed and printed based on linkages, gear pairs and geometric restraint mechanisms, and can be applied to most tendon-driven robotic hands. We show that the robot hand can successfully grasp and lift various target objects and adapt to hold complex geometric shapes, reflecting the successful adoption of the soft and adaptive synergies. We intend to open-source the design of the hand so that it can be built cheaply on a home 3D-printer. For more detail: https://sites.google.com/view/bpi-softhandtactile-group-bri/brlpisaiit-softhand-design
description: 7 pages,9 figures,to be published in IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters
title: Undoing Oppression from Slavery, Racism, Sexism and Privilege: Educating Our Way to Literacy
Creators: name: Bailey, Sylvia
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Slavery--America--History
subject: Slaves--Education--Southern states--History
subject: Freedmen--Education--Southern states--History
subject: Literacy--Southern states--History

description: Presented at the NEH Summer Institute at George Mason University, summer 2005.
Explaining Any ML Model? -- On Goals and Capabilities of XAI
Creators: name: Renftle, Moritz
name: Trittenbach, Holger
name: Poznic, Michael
name: Heil, Reinhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.0; J.0; K.4.0

description: An increasing ubiquity of machine learning (ML) motivates research on algorithms to explain ML models and their predictions -- so-called eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI). Despite many survey papers and discussions, the goals and capabilities of XAI algorithms are far from being well understood. We argue that this is because of a problematic reasoning scheme in XAI literature: XAI algorithms are said to complement ML models with desired properties, such as "interpretability", or "explainability". These properties are in turn assumed to contribute to a goal, like "trust" in an ML system. But most properties lack precise definitions and their relationship to such goals is far from obvious. The result is a reasoning scheme that obfuscates research results and leaves an important question unanswered: What can one expect from XAI algorithms? In this article, we clarify the goals and capabilities of XAI algorithms from a concrete perspective: that of their users. Explaining ML models is only necessary if users have questions about them. We show that users can ask diverse questions, but that only one of them can be answered by current XAI algorithms. Answering this core question can be trivial, difficult or even impossible, depending on the ML application. Based on these insights, we outline which capabilities policymakers, researchers and society can reasonably expect from XAI algorithms.
title: An Austrian Analysis of Social Capital
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2021

description: This dissertation consists of three chapters on the importance of entrepreneurs and their socially embedded activities.The first chapter, “Is Social Capital Underproduced?” examines the titular question by asking whether social capital might be better conceived of as a club good than as a public good, as has often been claimed in previous writing on the subject. Furthermore, it argues that even were social capital underprovided, perhaps due to positive externalities associated with the club’s provision of it, there is not much policy can reasonably be expected to accomplish to rectify the problem. The heterogeneity, diachronic change, and cost of social capital represent an insurmountable knowledge problem for policymakers. Instead, as ethnographic evidence from disaster recovery shows, local communities working in a polycentric fashion are more likely to succeed in achieving the goal of efficient and effective social capital production. The second chapter, “Commercial Social Spaces in the Post-Disaster Context” examines the way entrepreneurs can create social spaces, both intentionally and unintentionally, that facilitate social capital formation and use. Evidence from post-disaster social spaces demonstrates the empirical relevance of the phenomenon. One policy implication of this finding is that granting entrepreneurs the freedom and flexibility necessary to create such spaces is important for maximizing their contribution to disaster recovery. The third chapter, “Disaster Challenges and Entrepreneurial Responses” looks at entrepreneurs’ contribution to solving major problems in the post-disaster context. These entrepreneurs may be either profit-motivated or social entrepreneurs, who often use reputation as a guiding signal for their activities. Three major categories of problems communities face after disaster include the pervasive uncertainty and ignorance disasters engender, the massive destruction of wealth disaster wreak, and the politically charged nature of the social environment surrounding disasters. Entrepreneurs navigate all three of these problems and work to both identify problems and implement solutions.
title: Institutional Review Blog
Creators: name: Schrag, Zachary
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Institutional Review Board
subject: Humanities
subject: FOS: Humanities
subject: Social Sciences

description: This is an archive of Institutional Review Blog (www.institutionalreviewblog.com), a blog that seeks to inform the debate over IRB review of research in the humanities and social sciences by collecting breaking news, commentary, and background information on the subject. Institutional Review Blog is maintained by Zachary M. Schrag, Professor of History, George Mason University. The first file includes all text of the blog from its founding in December 2006 through 28 August 2012. The second file begins with the next entry, 31 August 2012, and continues through the end of January 2017. That end point was chosen to include the blog's coverage of the revised U.S. regulations on human subjects research, published in the Federal Register on 19 January 2017.
Cycle Index Polynomials and Generalized Quantum Separability Tests
Creators: name: Bradshaw, Zachary P.
name: LaBorde, Margarite L.
name: Wilde, Mark M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81P42 (Primary) 81P68 (Secondary)

description: The mixedness of one share of a pure bipartite state determines whether the overall state is a separable, unentangled state. Here we consider quantum computational tests of mixedness, and we derive an exact expression of the acceptance probability of such tests as the number of copies of the state becomes larger. We prove that the analytical form of this expression is given by the cycle index polynomial of the symmetric group $S_k$, which is itself related to the Bell polynomials. After doing so, we derive a family of quantum separability tests, each of which is generated by a finite group; for all such algorithms, we show that the acceptance probability is determined by the cycle index polynomial of the group. Finally, we produce and analyze explicit circuit constructions for these tests, showing that the tests corresponding to the symmetric and cyclic groups can be executed with $O(k^2)$ and $O(k\log(k))$ controlled-SWAP gates, respectively, where $k$ is the number of copies of the state being tested.
description: 26 pages, 7 figures
title: Global Gene Expression Analysis in an in vitro Fibroblast Model of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Reveals Potential Role for CXCL14/CXCR4
Creators: name: Rodriguez, Luis R.
name: Emblom-Callahan, Margaret
name: Chhina, Mantej
name: Bui, Sarah
name: Aljeburry, Bilal
Publisher: name: Scientific Reports
Year: 2018

description: Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive disorder that is marked by an over accumulation of activated fibroblast populations. Despite the improved understanding of many mechanisms within this disease, global gene expression analysis has few focused studies on the fibroblast, the central effector cell of progressive fibrosis. We present a unique analysis of IPF pulmonary fibroblasts as they transition through cell culture and identify in vitro altered cellular processes. Fibroblasts were isolated from diseased (n = 8) and non-diseased (n = 4) lungs. Global gene expression analysis was carried out at the initial point of isolation and after 3 weeks of culture. We identify several genes that are altered by removal of the fibroblast from the IPF environment. Comparison of this subset of genes to four previously published whole lung analyses refined our list to a small subset of key fibroblast specific genes important in IPF. Application of STRING database analysis and confirmation via in-vitro and histological assay highlights the CXCL14/CXCR4 chemokine axis with a possible role in the progression and/or activation of fibroblasts within the IPF lung. Our findings, present a possible therapeutic target for IPF and a model for the study and discovery of novel protein and processes in this terrible disease.
3D Brain and Heart Volume Generative Models: A Survey
Creators: name: Liu, Yanbin
name: Dwivedi, Girish
name: Boussaid, Farid
name: Bennamoun, Mohammed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.4; J.3
subject: 92C55 (Primary), 68U10 (Secondary)

description: Generative models such as generative adversarial networks and autoencoders have gained a great deal of attention in the medical field due to their excellent data generation capability. This paper provides a comprehensive survey of generative models for three-dimensional (3D) volumes, focusing on the brain and heart. A new and elaborate taxonomy of unconditional and conditional generative models is proposed to cover diverse medical tasks for the brain and heart: unconditional synthesis, classification, conditional synthesis, segmentation, denoising, detection, and registration. We provide relevant background, examine each task and also suggest potential future directions. A list of the latest publications will be updated on Github to keep up with the rapid influx of papers at https://github.com/csyanbin/3D-Medical-Generative-Survey.
description: Accepted at ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR) 2023
title: Milton Barnes to Rhoda Barnes, September 27, 1863.
Creators: name: Barnes, Milton
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Civil War campaigns
subject: Rosecrans, William S. (William Starke), 1819-1898
subject: Chattanooga (Tenn.)

description: Public domain. There are no known use restrictions.
description: Letter to Rhoda Barnes from her husband Milton Barnes from Chattanooga, Tennessee. Milton recounts the battle at Chickamauga Creek which saw a defeat for General Rosecrans. During the battle Milton's regiment was 10 to 12 miles away. After the defeat it is decided to hold Chattanooga and Milton and his regiment are involved in battle with General Braxton Bragg's troops.
A hypothesis test for the domain of attraction of a random variable
Creators: name: Olivero, Héctor
name: Talay, Denis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 62F05, 62G10, secondary 60J65

description: In this work we address the problem of detecting whether a sampled probability distribution of a random variable $V$ has infinite first moment. This issue is notably important when the sample results from complex numerical simulation methods. For example, such a situation occurs when one simulates stochastic particle systems with complex and singular McKean-Vlasov interaction kernels. As stated, the detection problem is ill-posed. We thus propose and analyze an asymptotic hypothesis test for independent copies of a given random variable which is supposed to belong to an unknown domain of attraction of a stable law. The null hypothesis $\mathbf{H_0}$ is: `$X=\sqrt{V}$ is in the domain of attraction of the Normal law' and the alternative hypothesis is $\mathbf{H_1}$: `$X$ is in the domain of attraction of a stable law with index smaller than 2'. Our key observation is that~$X$ cannot have a finite second moment when $\mathbf{H_0}$ is rejected (and therefore $\mathbf{H_1}$ is accepted).
 Surprisingly, we find it useful to derive our test from the statistics of random processes. More precisely, our hypothesis test is based on a statistic which is inspired by methodologies to determine whether a semimartingale has jumps from the observation of one single path at discrete times.
 We justify our test by proving asymptotic properties of discrete time functionals of Brownian bridges.
description: 35 pages, 4 figures
Resolving the Vicinity of Supermassive Black Holes with Gravitational Microlensing
Creators: name: Best, Henry
name: Fagin, Joshua
name: Vernardos, Georgios
name: O'Dowd, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the near future, wide field surveys will discover 1000's of new strongly lensed quasars, and these will be monitored with unprecedented cadence by the Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST). Many of these will undergo caustic-crossing microlensing events over the 10-year LSST survey, in which a sharp caustic feature from a stellar body in the lensing galaxy crosses the inner accretion disk. Caustic-crossing events offer the unique opportunity to probe the vicinity of the central supermassive black hole for 100s of quasars with multi-platform follow-up triggered by LSST monitoring. To prepare for these observations, we have developed detailed simulations of caustic-crossing light curves. These employ a realistic analytic model of the inner accretion disk that reveals the strong surface brightness asymmetries introduced when fully accounting for both special- and general-relativistic effects. We demonstrate that an inflection in the caustic-crossing light curve due to the innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO) can be detected in reasonable follow-up observations and can be analyzed to constrain ISCO size. We also demonstrate that a convolutional neural network can be trained to predict ISCO size more reliably than traditional approaches and can also recover source orientation with high accuracy.
description: 18 pages, 17 figures
Named After Nelson: Exhibition Panel Designs
Creators: name: Harland, Robert G.
name: Burger, Yolandi
name: Zhao, Shichao
name: Horowitz, Sam
name: Xulu, Amanda
name: Chitambo, Ivornatte
name: Saleh, Razia
name: Myeka, Zandile
name: Young, Ann
name: McKenzie, Celeste
name: Burger, Everardt André
name: Mthembu, Nkululeko
name: Kneale, Renay
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 33
subject: Built environment and design
classificationCode: 45
subject: Indigenous studies
classificationCode: 43
subject: History, heritage and archaeology
classificationCode: 36
subject: Creative arts and writing

description:

Exhibition panel designs for the "Named after Nelson: Learning from places named after Nelson Mandela through Graphic Heritage." A collaboration between Loughborough University, Nelson Mandela Foundation, and Tshwane University of Technology made possible through funding from the Higher Education Innovation Fund in the United Kingdom.

Featured locations:
Mandela Village, Hammanskraal
Nelson Mandela Bridge, Braamfontein
Nelson Mandela Theatre, Braamfontein
Nelson Mandela Square, Sandton
Nelson Mandela Centre of Memory, Houghton
Nelson Mandela Park, Mamelodi

Exhibition dates: 25 April 2024 to 30 September 2024.
Exhibition location: Nelson Mandela Centre of Memory, 107 Central Street, Houghton, 2198, South Africa.

Totem Media Exhibition Designers
Samantha Horowitz: Chief Executive Officer
Amanda Xulu: Project Manager
Ivy Chitambo: Archivist

Loughborough University Research Team
Robert Harland: Principal investigator
Yolandi Burger: Co-investigator and project coordinator
Shichao Zhao: Co-investigator

Nelson Mandela Foundation Team
Razia Saleh: Head of archives and research
Zandile Myeka: Metadata and photographic archivist
Ann-Young Maharaj: Exhibition coordinator

Collaborators
Celeste McKenzie: Art director, documentarian, photographer and narrative storyteller (IIE Vega School)
Nkululeko Mthembu: Stakeholder workshops coordinator (Pista Ventures)
Everardt A. Burger: Institutional partner and lecturer in civil engineering (Tshwane University of Technology)
A Supermassive Binary Black Hole Candidate in Mrk 501
Creators: name: Magallanes-Guijón, Gustavo
name: Mendoza, Sergio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using multifrequency observations, from radio to gamma-rays of the blazar Mrk~501, we constructed their corresponding light curves and built periodograms using RobPer and Lomb-Scargle algorithms. Long-term variability was also studied using the power density spectrum and the detrended function analysis. Using the software VARTOOLS,
 we also computed the analysis of variance, box-least squares and discrete fourier transform. The result of these techniques showed an achromatic periodicity <~ 229 d. This, combined with the result of pink-color noise in the spectra, led us to propose that the periodicity was produced via a secondary eclipsing supermassive binary black hole orbiting the primary one locked inside the central engine of Mrk~501. We built a relativistic eclipsing model of this phenomenon using Jacobi elliptical functions, finding a periodic relativistic eclipse occurring every ~ 224 d in all the studied wavebands. This implies that the frequency of the emitted gravitational waves falls slightly above 0.1 mHz, well within the operational range of the upcoming LISA space-based interferometer, and as such, these gravitational waves must be considered as a prime science target for future LISA observations.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in the Journal Galaxies
Named After Nelson: Exhibition Panel Designs
Creators: name: Harland, Robert G.
name: Burger, Yolandi
name: Zhao, Shichao
name: Horowitz, Sam
name: Xulu, Amanda
name: Chitambo, Ivornatte
name: Saleh, Razia
name: Myeka, Zandile
name: Young, Ann
name: McKenzie, Celeste
name: Burger, Everardt André
name: Mthembu, Nkululeko
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 33
subject: Built environment and design
classificationCode: 45
subject: Indigenous studies
classificationCode: 43
subject: History, heritage and archaeology
classificationCode: 36
subject: Creative arts and writing

description:

Exhibition panel designs for the "Named after Nelson: Learning from places named after Nelson Mandela through Graphic Heritage." A collaboration between Loughborough University, Nelson Mandela Foundation, and Tshwane University of Technology made possible through funding from the Higher Education Innovation Fund in the United Kingdom.

Featured locations:
Mandela Village, Hammanskraal
Nelson Mandela Bridge, Braamfontein
Nelson Mandela Theatre, Braamfontein
Nelson Mandela Square, Sandton
Nelson Mandela Centre of Memory, Houghton
Nelson Mandela Park, Mamelodi

Exhibition dates: 25 April 2024 to 30 September 2024.
Exhibition location: Nelson Mandela Centre of Memory, 107 Central Street, Houghton, 2198, South Africa.

Totem Media Exhibition Designers
Samantha Horowitz: Chief Executive Officer
Amanda Xulu: Project Manager
Ivy Chitambo: Archivist

Loughborough University Research Team
Robert Harland: Principal investigator
Yolandi Burger: Co-investigator and project coordinator
Shichao Zhao: Co-investigator

Nelson Mandela Foundation Team
Razia Saleh: Head of archives and research
Zandile Myeka: Metadata and photographic archivist
Ann-Young Maharaj: Exhibition coordinator

Collaborators
Celeste McKenzie: Art director, documentarian, photographer and narrative storyteller (IIE Vega School)
Nkululeko Mthembu: Stakeholder workshops coordinator (Pista Ventures)
Everardt A. Burger: Institutional partner and lecturer in civil engineering (Tshwane University of Technology)
Supplementary document for Noninvasive material anisotropy estimation using oblique incidence reflectometry and machine learning - 6393204.pdf
Creators: name: Wang, Lezhong
name: Bigdeli, Siavash
name: Christensen, Anders
name: Corredig, Milena
name: Tonello, Riccardo
name: Dahl, Anders
name: Frisvad, Jeppe
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Rotation series
title: Merde! On Va Faire Du Théâtre? Comment Choisir et Traduire une Pièce Française Pour un Public Américain
Creators: name: Muravchik, Madeline
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Denise Chalem
subject: Festival d'Avignon
subject: Theatrical translation
subject: Drama
subject: French theatre
subject: Aller chercher demain

description: Pourquoi est-ce que les pièces françaises sont si rarement traduites et jouées sur la scène américaine ? Une raison, élaborée par Marie-Christine Autant-Mathieu, Tom Bishop, Philippa Wehle, et Jean-Pierre Ryngaert, peut être la désintégration de la structure traditionnelle des pièces écrites par des dramaturges français. D’autres critiques, comme Phyllis Zatlin, Christopher Hampton, Clare Finburg, et Felicia Londré, attribuent cette absence au public américain et leur résistance à tout théâtre non réaliste et aux raisons économiques et politiques. Cette oeuvre suit le processus de choisir et traduire une pièce française pour la scène américaine. Elle discute des difficultés de la sélection en traçant l’évolution du théâtre français des soixante dernières années et la réaction française à l’état actuel de son théâtre. Elle discute aussi des difficultés spécifiques à la traduction d’Aller chercher demain de Denise Chalem du français à l’anglais américain, et de sa réception par le public et la traductrice. En fin de compte, le critère le plus important pour choisir une pièce à traduire est qu’elle contient un moment de transformation claire.
All-optical quantum computing using cubic phase gates
Creators: name: Budinger, Niklas
name: Furusawa, Akira
name: van Loock, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If suitable quantum optical interactions were available, transforming optical field mode operators in a nonlinear fashion, the all-photonics platform could be one of the strongest contenders for realizing a quantum computer. Unlike other, matter-based (solid-state or atomic) platforms, photonic qubits can be operated at room temperature and high clock rates (GHz or, in principle, even THz). In addition, recent continuous-variable time-domain approaches are extremely well scalable. Moreover, while single-photon qubits may be processed directly, "brighter" logical qubits may be embedded in individual oscillator modes, using so-called bosonic codes, for an in-principle fault-tolerant processing. In this paper, we show how elements of all-optical, universal, and fault-tolerant quantum computation can be implemented using only beam splitters together with single-mode cubic phase gates in reasonable numbers, and possibly off-line squeezed-state or single-photon resources. Our approach is based on a decomposition technique combining exact gate decompositions and approximate Trotterization. This allows for efficient decompositions of certain nonlinear continuous-variable multimode gates into the elementary gates, where the few cubic gates needed may even be weak or all identical, thus facilitating potential experiments. The final gate operations include two-mode controlled phase rotation and three-mode Rabi-type Hamiltonian gates, which are shown to be employable for realizing high-fidelity single-photon two-qubit entangling gates or, as a bosonic-code example, creating high-quality Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill states. We expect our method of general use with various applications, including those that rely on quartic Kerr-type interactions.
description: 27 pages, 10 figures
title: Debugging Democracy: A Critical Analysis of the Rhetoric of Gov 2.0 at the USPTO
Creators: name: Lucas, Benjamin
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Gov 2.0
subject: Open Government Initiative
subject: Procedural rhetoric
subject: Idea Scale
subject: Internet genres
subject: USPTO

description: In its first year, the Obama administration established the Open Government Initiative, a program requiring all executive agencies to use digital media to advance transparency, collaboration, and participation. In this thesis, I consider the consequences of the initiative for democratic communication by examining an open government program administered by the United States Patent and Trademark Office. The USPTO is using an online platform called IdeaScale to allow the public to suggest revisions to the written policies in the office's Manual of Patent Examining Procedure. First, I situate the program within the discourse of key proponents of the Open Government Initiative. Second, drawing on public contributions on the IdeaScale website and interviews with officials in the USPTO, I analyze IdeaScale as a site of generic communication. Third, I consider the way that the computer process implemented by IdeaScale functions as an expression of open government rhetoric. My analysis shows that the Open Government Initiative represents a shift away from the deliberative public-sphere model of communication and toward a competitive information-exchange model, drawing on a tradition of neoliberalism that is modulated by open-source development methods.
UNSAT Solver Synthesis via Monte Carlo Forest Search
Creators: name: Cameron, Chris
name: Hartford, Jason
name: Lundy, Taylor
name: Truong, Tuan
name: Milligan, Alan
name: Chen, Rex
name: Leyton-Brown, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce Monte Carlo Forest Search (MCFS), a class of reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms for learning policies in {tree MDPs}, for which policy execution involves traversing an exponential-sized tree. Examples of such problems include proving unsatisfiability of a SAT formula; counting the number of solutions of a satisfiable SAT formula; and finding the optimal solution to a mixed-integer program. MCFS algorithms can be seen as extensions of Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) to cases where, rather than finding a good path (solution) within a tree, the problem is to find a small tree within a forest of candidate trees. We instantiate and evaluate our ideas in an algorithm that we dub Knuth Synthesis, an MCFS algorithm that learns DPLL branching policies for solving the Boolean satisfiability (SAT) problem, with the objective of achieving good average-case performance on a given distribution of unsatisfiable problem instances. Knuth Synthesis is the first RL approach to avoid the prohibitive costs of policy evaluations in an exponentially-sized tree, leveraging two key ideas: first, we estimate tree size by randomly sampling paths and measuring their lengths, drawing on an unbiased approximation due to Knuth (1975); second, we query a strong solver at a user-defined depth rather than learning a policy across the whole tree, to focus our policy search on early decisions that offer the greatest potential for reducing tree size. We matched or exceeded the performance of a strong baseline on three well-known SAT distributions, facing problems that were two orders of magnitude more challenging than those addressed in previous RL studies.
title: Reducing Readmission Rates Through Remote Monitoring: A Comprehensive Approach to Managing Heart Failure and Pneumonia
Creators: name: Adam, Mariam
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Remote Monitoring
subject: Pneumonia
subject: Readmission
subject: Rates
subject: Heart Failure
subject: Managing

description: This thesis addresses the significant challenge of high hospital readmission rates in the U.S., with a specific focus on heart failure and pneumonia, and proposes remote monitoring as a viable solution to improve patient outcomes and reduce healthcare costs. Utilizing data from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, this study delves into the complex factors leading to readmissions, such as care coordination, medication management, and social determinants of health. It argues that remote monitoring—through mobile apps, wearable devices, and teleconsultations—can bridge the care gap post-discharge by allowing for continuous management, early detection of health issues, and greater patient engagement. Despite potential concerns around patient privacy, data security, and equity of access, the research suggests that remote monitoring offers a promising strategy to decrease readmission rates, highlighting the need for future research and policy shifts towards more technology-driven, patient-centric healthcare models.
Learning to Rasterize Differentiably
Creators: name: Wu, Chenghao
name: Mailee, Hamila
name: Montazeri, Zahra
name: Ritschel, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Differentiable rasterization changes the standard formulation of primitive rasterization -- by enabling gradient flow from a pixel to its underlying triangles -- using distribution functions in different stages of rendering, creating a "soft" version of the original rasterizer. However, choosing the optimal softening function that ensures the best performance and convergence to a desired goal requires trial and error. Previous work has analyzed and compared several combinations of softening. In this work, we take it a step further and, instead of making a combinatorial choice of softening operations, parameterize the continuous space of common softening operations. We study meta-learning tunable softness functions over a set of inverse rendering tasks (2D and 3D shape, pose and occlusion) so it generalizes to new and unseen differentiable rendering tasks with optimal softness.
description: Published at Computer Graphics Forum (EGSR 2024), code see https://github.com/Theo-Wu/MetaRas, project webpage see https://theo-wu.github.io/MetaRas/
Leveraging Single-View Images for Unsupervised 3D Point Cloud Completion
Creators: name: Wu, Lintai
name: Zhang, Qijian
name: Hou, Junhui
name: Xu, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Point clouds captured by scanning devices are often incomplete due to occlusion. To overcome this limitation, point cloud completion methods have been developed to predict the complete shape of an object based on its partial input. These methods can be broadly classified as supervised or unsupervised. However, both categories require a large number of 3D complete point clouds, which may be difficult to capture. In this paper, we propose Cross-PCC, an unsupervised point cloud completion method without requiring any 3D complete point clouds. We only utilize 2D images of the complete objects, which are easier to capture than 3D complete and clean point clouds. Specifically, to take advantage of the complementary information from 2D images, we use a single-view RGB image to extract 2D features and design a fusion module to fuse the 2D and 3D features extracted from the partial point cloud. To guide the shape of predicted point clouds, we project the predicted points of the object to the 2D plane and use the foreground pixels of its silhouette maps to constrain the position of the projected points. To reduce the outliers of the predicted point clouds, we propose a view calibrator to move the points projected to the background into the foreground by the single-view silhouette image. To the best of our knowledge, our approach is the first point cloud completion method that does not require any 3D supervision. The experimental results of our method are superior to those of the state-of-the-art unsupervised methods by a large margin. Moreover, our method even achieves comparable performance to some supervised methods. We will make the source code publicly available at https://github.com/ltwu6/cross-pcc.
description: Accepted in IEEE Transactions on Multimedia
Reproducible scaling laws for contrastive language-image learning
Creators: name: Cherti, Mehdi
name: Beaumont, Romain
name: Wightman, Ross
name: Wortsman, Mitchell
name: Ilharco, Gabriel
name: Gordon, Cade
name: Schuhmann, Christoph
name: Schmidt, Ludwig
name: Jitsev, Jenia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Scaling up neural networks has led to remarkable performance across a wide range of tasks. Moreover, performance often follows reliable scaling laws as a function of training set size, model size, and compute, which offers valuable guidance as large-scale experiments are becoming increasingly expensive. However, previous work on scaling laws has primarily used private data \& models or focused on uni-modal language or vision learning. To address these limitations, we investigate scaling laws for contrastive language-image pre-training (CLIP) with the public LAION dataset and the open-source OpenCLIP repository. Our large-scale experiments involve models trained on up to two billion image-text pairs and identify power law scaling for multiple downstream tasks including zero-shot classification, retrieval, linear probing, and end-to-end fine-tuning. We find that the training distribution plays a key role in scaling laws as the OpenAI and OpenCLIP models exhibit different scaling behavior despite identical model architectures and similar training recipes. We open-source our evaluation workflow and all models, including the largest public CLIP models, to ensure reproducibility and make scaling laws research more accessible. Source code and instructions to reproduce this study will be available at https://github.com/LAION-AI/scaling-laws-openclip
description: CVPR 2023. Version with minor extension. Original: https://openaccess.thecvf.com/content/CVPR2023/html/Cherti_Reproducible_Scaling_Laws_for_Contrastive_Language-Image_Learning_CVPR_2023_paper
A 2D ferroelectric vortex lattice in twisted BaTiO3 freestanding layers
Creators: name: Sanchez-Santolino, Gabriel
name: Rouco, Victor.
name: Puebla, Sergio.
name: Aramberri, Hugo
name: Zamora, Victor
name: Cuellar, Fabian A.
name: Munuera, Carmen
name: Mompean, Federico
name: Garcia-Hernandez, Mar
name: Castellanos-Gomez, Aandres
name: Iniguez, Jorge
name: Leon, Carlos
name: Santamaria, Jacobo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The wealth of complex polar topologies recently found in nanoscale ferroelectrics result from a delicate balance between the materials intrinsic tendency to develop a homogeneous polarization and the electric and mechanic boundary conditions imposed upon them. Ferroelectric dielectric interfaces are model systems where polarization curling originates from open circuit like electric boundary conditions, to avoid the build-up of polarization charges through the formation of flux closure domains that evolve into vortex like structures at the nanoscale. Interestingly, while ferroelectricity is known to couple strongly to strain (both homogeneous and inhomogeneous), the effect of mechanical constraints on thin film nanoscale ferroelectrics has been comparatively less explored because of the relative paucity of strain patterns that can be implemented experimentally. Here we show that the stacking of freestanding ferroelectric perovskite layers with controlled twist angles opens an unprecedented opportunity to tailor these topological nanostructures in a way determined by the lateral strain modulation associated to the twisting. Interestingly, we find that a peculiar pattern of polarization vortices and antivortices emerges from the flexoelectric coupling of polarization to strain gradients. This finding opens exciting opportunities to create two-dimensional high density vortex crystals that would allow us to explore novel physical effects and functionalities.
Choosing observation operators to mitigate model error in Bayesian inverse problems
Creators: name: Cvetković, Nada
name: Lie, Han Cheng
name: Bansal, Harshit
name: Veroy, Karen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62F15 (Primary) 62G99, 62K99 (Secondary)

description: In statistical inference, a discrepancy between the parameter-to-observable map that generates the data and the parameter-to-observable map that is used for inference can lead to misspecified likelihoods and thus to incorrect estimates. In many inverse problems, the parameter-to-observable map is the composition of a linear state-to-observable map called an `observation operator' and a possibly nonlinear parameter-to-state map called the `model'. We consider such Bayesian inverse problems where the discrepancy in the parameter-to-observable map is due to the use of an approximate model that differs from the best model, i.e. to nonzero `model error'. Multiple approaches have been proposed to address such discrepancies, each leading to a specific posterior. We show how to use local Lipschitz stability estimates of posteriors with respect to likelihood perturbations to bound the Kullback--Leibler divergence of the posterior of each approach with respect to the posterior associated to the best model. Our bounds lead to criteria for choosing observation operators that mitigate the effect of model error for Bayesian inverse problems of this type. We illustrate one such criterion on an advection-diffusion-reaction PDE inverse problem from the literature, and use this example to discuss the importance and challenges of model error-aware inference.
description: 36 pages, 5 figures
title: Newspaper Column: Hikers and Bikers Rejoice
Creators: name: Nicoson, William J.
Publisher: name: The Connection
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Recreation
subject: Fairfax (VA) County Board of Supervisors
subject: Reston (Va.)
subject: Reston (VA) Association
subject: Fairfax County (VA) Park Authority

description: PDF file distilled from original WordPerfect document. Original size 11" x 8.5".
description: The County Board of Supervisors on January 10 approved a plan for a Cross County Trail of 31.5 miles from Great Falls in the north to Alban Road in the south passing through all nine magisterial districts and utilizing 26.7 miles of existing paths. The trail enters the southeast corner of Reston, crosses Twin Branch Road and turns south crossing Lawyers Road. Existing pathways of the Reston Association (RA) in the area are proposed to be incorporated into the Cross County Trail.
Opportunities for Fundamental Physics Research with Radioactive Molecules
Creators: name: Arrowsmith-Kron, Gordon
name: Athanasakis-Kaklamanakis, Michail
name: Au, Mia
name: Ballof, Jochen
name: Berger, Robert
name: Borschevsky, Anastasia
name: Breier, Alexander A.
name: Buchinger, Fritz
name: Budker, Dmitry
name: Caldwell, Luke
name: Charles, Christopher
name: Dattani, Nike
name: de Groote, Ruben P.
name: DeMille, David
name: Dickel, Timo
name: Dobaczewski, Jacek
name: Düllmann, Christoph E.
name: Eliav, Ephraim
name: Engel, Jon
name: Fan, Mingyu
name: Flambaum, Victor
name: Flanagan, Kieran T.
name: Gaiser, Alyssa
name: Ruiz, Ronald Garcia
name: Gaul, Konstantin
name: Giesen, Thomas F.
name: Ginges, Jacinda
name: Gottberg, Alexander
name: Gwinner, Gerald
name: Heinke, Reinhard
name: Hoekstra, Steven
name: Holt, Jason D.
name: Hutzler, Nicholas R.
name: Jayich, Andrew
name: Karthein, Jonas
name: Leach, Kyle G.
name: Madison, Kirk
name: Malbrunot-Ettenauer, Stephan
name: Miyagi, Takayuki
name: Moore, Iain D.
name: Moroch, Scott
name: Navrátil, Petr
name: Nazarewicz, Witold
name: Neyens, Gerda
name: Norrgard, Eric
name: Nusgart, Nicholas
name: Pašteka, Lukáš F.
name: Petrov, Alexander N.
name: Plass, Wolfgang
name: Ready, Roy A.
name: Reiter, Moritz Pascal
name: Reponen, Mikael
name: Rothe, Sebastian
name: Safronova, Marianna
name: Scheidenberger, Christoph
name: Shindler, Andrea
name: Singh, Jaideep T.
name: Skripnikov, Leonid V.
name: Titov, Anatoly V.
name: Udrescu, Silviu-Marian
name: Wilkins, Shane G.
name: Yang, Xiaofei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Molecules containing short-lived, radioactive nuclei are uniquely positioned to enable a wide range of scientific discoveries in the areas of fundamental symmetries, astrophysics, nuclear structure, and chemistry. Recent advances in the ability to create, cool, and control complex molecules down to the quantum level, along with recent and upcoming advances in radioactive species production at several facilities around the world, create a compelling opportunity to coordinate and combine these efforts to bring precision measurement and control to molecules containing extreme nuclei. In this manuscript, we review the scientific case for studying radioactive molecules, discuss recent atomic, molecular, nuclear, astrophysical, and chemical advances which provide the foundation for their study, describe the facilities where these species are and will be produced, and provide an outlook for the future of this nascent field.
Indoor air exposures to VOCs and mould, and relationship with severe asthma
Creators: name: Riveron, Thiphanie P.
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2025

description: People spend around 90% of their time indoors, either in public or private buildings, which can lead to long-term exposure to poor air quality and be associated with negative health effects, especially in vulnerable people. Two environments of interest were studied during this PhD, dwellings and hospital clinics. In public buildings, the characterisation was focused on volatile organic compounds (VOCs), while in private buildings, VOCs and fungal spores were identified and quantified, both of which have known impacts on respiratory health. There is little research on VOC exposures, especially in clinical environments, while research on fungal exposures in the home was mainly focused on damp and visible mould with less information on fungal species.Indoor air pollution was characterised in private (32 dwellings, including the home of 14 people with patients) and public (2 hospitals) buildings. The potential impact on the health of the buildings’ occupants was examined. Beforehand, protocols were developed and tested to quantify and identify VOCs and fungal spores.In the dwellings, 38 VOCs were quantified and their sum (TVOC) ranged from 205 to 933 μgm-3. The most abundant VOCs were from aliphatic hydrocarbon and alcohol groups. The most commonly detected fungal species was Cladosporium herbarum, followed by Aspergillus fumigatus. VOC concentrations had an impact on peak flow readings and the use of medication for two people with asthma, while no associations were seen for fungal spores. The hospital VOCs analysis was the first for UK hospitals and the largest worldwide. The four VOCs with the highest concentrations were most likely released by healthcare activities (e.g.2-propanol, ethyl chloride and acetone) or related to the ingress of vehicle emissions (e.g. hexane). Hazard Quotient (HQ) was calculated to identify the potential risk of non-carcinogenic VOCs exposure to the health of healthcare workers. No HQs were measured above 1 which means that no negative health impact would be expected for healthcare workers in the sampled hospitals.To conclude, the data collected showed how complex indoor pollution can be. In particular in the dwellings which all had unique ‘fingerprints’ of VOC and fungal concentrations.