cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Golden Hello and Political Transitions
Creators: name: Toke, A.S.
name: Albornoz, F.
name: Gassebner, M.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2012
Subjects: political transitions
autocracy
democracy
international financial institutions

description: We analyze the influence of IMF and World Bank programs on political regime transitions. We develop an extended version of Acemoglu and Robinson's [American Economic Review 91, 2001] model of political transitions to show how the anticipation of new loans from international financial institutions can trigger political transitions which would not otherwise have taken place. We test this unexplored implication of the theory empirically. We find in a world sample from 1970 to 2002 that the anticipation of receiving new programs immediately after a political regime transition increases the probability of a transition from autocracy to democracy and reduces the probability of democratic survival.
title: Language Attitudes of Multilingual Haitians in the Washington, D.C., Area
Creators: name: Bonnefil, Christine Elise
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Haitian Creole
subject: Multilingualism
subject: Language ideologies
subject: Diglossia
subject: French bilingualism
subject: Language attitudes

description: The complex relationship between Haiti’s two official languages – Creole and French – is ambiguous and, at times, conflictual. This ambiguity and conflict, stemming from a long history of colonial domination, is evident in how speakers perceive these languages and how they believe the languages should be used today. The current study investigates the language attitudes of multilingual Haitian immigrants living in the Washington, D.C., area to better understand the roles and perceived values of Creole and French in this community. Qualitative and quantitative data were gathered from ten participants: all fluent speakers of Creole, French, and English, most of whom also speak Spanish. Results from written questionnaires and focus group discussions reveal the persistent presence of sociolinguistic inequalities rooted in colonial language ideologies, as well as increasingly inclusive views of Creole in certain domains previously reserved for French.
The Dyanamic Location/Scale Model: with applications to intra-day financial data
Creators: name: Andres, P.
name: Harvey, A.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2012
Subjects: Burr distribution
Durations
Range
Score
Un-observed components

description: In dynamic conditional score models, the innovation term of the dynamic specification is the score of the conditional distribution. These models are investigated for non-negative variables, using distributions from the generalized beta and generalized gamma families. The log-normal distribution is also considered. Applications to the daily range of stock market indices are reported and models are fitted to duration data.
description: Weibull distribution
title: The Geographic Roots of Cultural and Liturgical Differences Amongst American Catholics
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Catholicism
subject: Religious geography
subject: Catholicism in America
subject: Catholic geography
subject: Catholic demographics

description: This paper addresses the geographic components of American Catholicism from 1972-2020. The study found significant, previously undiscussed geographic variations in the character and expression of the Catholic faith within the United States. This project fills a geography-sized gap in existing literature, which hitherto has only discussed regional differences at the broadest geographic scale. This paper found significant spatial variations amongst Catholic settlement and growth patterns, regional ancestral composition, age, rural/urban divisions, as well as inter-regional migration. Relationships and intersections between the variables were also examined, as well as the temporal evolution of these spatially distributed attributes. The study found that the modern Catholic Church in America was far from spatially uniform, varying across regions in a myriad of ways. Additionally, an examination on sociopolitical attitudinal differences between Catholics of different regions towards controversies within the Church is conducted using statistics from studies undertaken throughout the late 20th and 21st centuries. Opensource data on the locations of parishes categorized by liturgical styles were examined to discern spatial differences in traditionalist and modernist approaches to the Mass, as well as the distribution of parishes offering the Traditional Latin Mass. Data from the General Social Survey, Pew Research Center, county-level religious censuses of the United States, as well as a variety of survey data on Catholics from the previous thirty years were examined at the smallest geographic scale possible. The results of county, state, diocese, and census-division level analysis found that previous assessments of the geographic trends and characteristics of Catholics were missing key nuances which were only discernable by examining the data at these scales.
The Direct Costs and Benefits of US Electric Utility Divestitures
Creators: name: Triebs, T.P.
name: Pollitt, M.G.
name: Kwoka, J.E.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2010
Subjects: Electric utilities
divestiture
economies of scope
net present value

description: This paper studies the impact of divestiture on the efficiency and costs of electric utilities. The empirical literature shows that there exist economies of scope for electric utilities and that divestiture decreases distribution efficiency but increases generation efficiency. This paper is to bring together these different results. Our analysis covers distribution, transmission, and power sourcing. Our data is an unbalanced panel of about 138 US electric utilities for the years 1994 to 2006 over which we observe 30 divestitures between 1997 and 2003. First, we regress firmlevel efficiencies for distribution and power sourcing on various divestiture indicators. Second, we compare the weighted cost between divested and non-divested firms and calculate a net present value for the entire sample of divestitures. Last, we regress net benefits from divestiture on the distribution side on the net benefit for power sourcing to see whether individual firms successfully off-set any costs of divestiture. We find that divestiture reduces distribution efficiency but increases power sourcing efficiency. Both effects depend on the amount of own nuclear generation output but not fossil-fuel or hydro output. The net present value for all divestitures in our sample is $11.3 billion. It seems that relatively lower costs of power outweigh losses in economies of scope as well as other restructuring costs. However, lower costs of power might be the result of favourable contracts put in place at the time of divestiture. Our study complements traditional studies of economies of scope and shows that divestitures might well be worth it.
Graphina thunsinhalayensis Weerakoon, Arachchige
Creators: name: Wijayawardene, Nalin N.
name: Dai, Dong-Qin
name: Premarathne, Bhagya M.
name: Wimalasena, Madhara K.
name: Jayalal, Udeni
name: Wickramanayake, Kawmini D.
name: Dangalla, Hasanka
name: Jayathunga, Hashini
name: Brahmanage, Rashika S.
name: Karunarathna, Samantha C.
name: Weerakoon, Gothamie
name: Ariyawansa, Kahandawa G. S. U.
name: Yapa, Neelamanie
name: Madawala, Sumedha
name: Nanayakkara, Chandrika M.
name: Fan, Xin-Lei
name: Kirk, Paul M.
name: Zhang, Gui-Qing
name: Ediriweera, Aseni
name: Bhat, Jayarama
name: Dawoud, Turki M.
name: Tibpromma, Saowaluck
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Lecanoromycetes
Ostropales
Graphidaceae
Graphina
Graphina thunsinhalayensis

description: G. thunsinhalayensis Weerakoon, Arachchige & Ļcking, Lichenologist 51(6): 533 (2019) / IF 832543
Typification Details: Holotype PDA, Cloonan 72
 Reference: Weerakoon et al. (2019)
description: Published as part of Wijayawardene, Nalin N., Dai, Dong-Qin, Premarathne, Bhagya M., Wimalasena, Madhara K., Jayalal, Udeni, Wickramanayake, Kawmini D., Dangalla, Hasanka, Jayathunga, Hashini, Brahmanage, Rashika S., Karunarathna, Samantha C., Weerakoon, Gothamie, Ariyawansa, Kahandawa G. S. U., Yapa, Neelamanie, Madawala, Sumedha, Nanayakkara, Chandrika M., Fan, Xin-Lei, Kirk, Paul M., Zhang, Gui-Qing, Ediriweera, Aseni, Bhat, Jayarama, Dawoud, Turki M. & Tibpromma, Saowaluck, 2023, Checklist, typification details, and nomenclature status of ascomycetous fungi originally described in Sri Lanka, pp. 1-105 in Phytotaxa 611 (1) on page 41, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.611.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/8308739
Sustainability Indicators for Open-Cycle Thorium-Fuelled Nuclear Energy
Creators: name: Ashley, S.F.
name: Fenner, R.A.
name: Nuttall, W.J.
name: Parks
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2012
Subjects: Nuclear
Thorium
Sustainable Development
Indicators

description: The potential for countries which currently have a nominal nuclear energy infrastructure to adopt thorium-uranium-fuelled nuclear energy systems, using a once-through “open” nuclear fuel cycle, has been presented by the International Atomic Energy Agency. This paper highlights Generation III and III+ nuclear energy technologies that could potentially adopt an open thorium-uranium fuel cycle and qualitatively highlights the main differences between the open thorium-uranium and open uranium fuel cycles. Furthermore, 28 indicators (and corresponding metrics) have been identified that could elucidate the advantages and disadvantages of nuclear energy systems which utilise thorium-uranium fuels in an open cycle. Such systems will be compared to an AREVA EPR operating with a once-through uranium fuel cycle. The indicators determined in this work have been drawn by grouping 270 indicators from eight previous studies of indicators associated with holistic and specific appraisals of the various life-cycle stages associated with the nuclear fuel cycle. The 28 indicators cover technoeconomic, environmental, waste, social, and proliferation-resistance themes and can be determined quantitatively, either by explicit determination or from an appropriate sensitivity analysis.
title: Report: George M. Sachs and Company, September 30, 1965
Creators: name: Sachs, George M.
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Reston, VA, Inc.
subject: Palindrome Corporation
subject: George M. Sachs and Company

description: Report: Originals, with signature on letter and staple holes, 11" x 8.5" (27.9cm x 21.6cm), balance sheet is 11 x 15 (27.9cm x 38.1cm)
description: This document, titled “Report to Reston, VA, Inc. (name changed from Palindrome Corporation)" is dated September 30, 1965 from George M. Sachs and Company (Federal Accountants) is an evaluation of Reston, VA, Inc.’s financial position, including a balance sheet listing the company’s assets, liabilities and equity. Planned Community Archives Collection, 447.17.
Additional file 1: of Association between time preference, present-bias and physical activity: implications for designing behavior change interventions
Creators: name: Hunter, Ruth
name: Jianjun Tang
name: Hutchinson, George
name: Chilton, Susan
name: Holmes, David
name: Kee, Frank
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Appendix A-F. (DOCX 67 kb)
Additional file 1 of Association between hyperglycemia on admission and preoperative deep venous thrombosis in patients with femoral neck fractures
Creators: name: Yao, Wei
name: Tang, Wanyun
name: Wang, Wei
name: Lv, Qiaomei
name: Ding, Wenbo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy
Hematology

description: Additional file1: eFigure 1. Flow chart of enrollment. eTable 1. Multivariate Analysis for preoperative deep venous thrombosis. eTable 2. Patient Characteristics Before and After Propensity Score Matching by Glucose Level (≥6.10 mmol/L and <6.10mmol/L). eTable 3. Patient Characteristics Before and After Propensity Score Matching by Glucose Level (Group1 [0.00-5.30] vs Group2 [5.30-5.70] mmol/L). eTable 4. Patient Characteristics Before and After Propensity Score Matching by Glucose Level (Group2 [5.30-5.70] vs Group3 [5.70-6.60] mmol/L). eTable 5. Patient Characteristics Before and After Propensity Score Matching by Glucose Level (Group2 [5.30-5.70] vs Group4 [>6.60] mmol/L).
title: Climate Matters in the Newsroom: A 2020 Census Survey of Society of Environmental Journalists Members
Creators: name: Maibach, Edward W.
name: Yagatich, William A.
name: Borth, Amanda C.
name: Campbell, Eryn
name: Patzer, Shaelyn M.
name: Timm, Kristin
name: Craig, Richard T.
Publisher: name: Center for Climate Change Communication
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Climate change
subject: Journalism

description: This report provides the initial findings from an online census survey of Society of Environmental Journalists (SEJ) members. SEJ is the only North American membership association of professional journalists dedicated to enhancing and extending coverage of environment-related issues. SEJ’s mission is to strengthen the quality, reach, and viability of journalism across all media platforms to advance the public’s understanding of environmental issues.
ANALISI DEL LINGUAGGIO PER LO STUDIO DEL PENSIERO SCIENTIFICO DI BAMBINI ED INSEGNANTI
Creators: name: Corridoni, Tommaso
Publisher: name: CERN
Year: 2019
Subjects: Primary school, Science didactics, Models, Teacher training, Text mining

description: This work shows how the statistical study of the language by means of a descending hierarchical classification is a research method useful for both science didactics and pedagogy. Comparing the results obtained analyzing texts in which both primary school children and their in-training teachers answer the same question about a scientific argument (why the leaves fall in autumn?) shows that, for this theme: a) adults and children use almost the same methods to research explicative models, while the paradigms change, i.e. the elements, the relations, the languages used to organize and formalize models; b) children explore easily new scientific paradigms, while aduls can be trapped in those they already know, maybe because of their representations of science. As discussed, these results are also useful for teacher training.
description: Progress in Science Education (PriSE), Vol 2, No 1 (2019)
Fourier Optics in the Classroom
Creators: name: Mansuripur, Masud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Borrowing methods and formulas from Prof. Goodman's classic Introduction to Fourier Optics textbook [1], I have developed a software package [2] that has been used in both industrial research and classroom teaching [3]. This paper briefly describes a few optical system simulations that have been used over the past 30 years to convey the power and the beauty of Fourier Optics to our students at the University of Arizona's College of Optical Sciences.
description: 2 pages, 5 figures, 3 references, Published in the Proceedings of the Optical Society of America's Imaging & Applied Optics Congress, Orlando, Florida (June 2018)
Radio-Frequency Measurements of Coherent Transition and Cherenkov Radiation: Implications for High-Energy Neutrino Detection
Creators: name: Gorham, Peter
name: Saltzberg, David
name: Schoessow, Paul
name: Gai, Wei
name: Power, John G.
name: Konecny, Richard
name: Conde, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on measurements of 11-18 cm wavelength radio emission from interactions of 15.2 MeV pulsed electron bunches at the Argonne Wakefield Accelerator. The electrons were observed both in a configuration where they produced primarily transition radiation from an aluminum foil, and in a configuration designed for the electrons to produce Cherenkov radiation in a silica sand target. Our aim was to emulate the large electron excess expected to develop during an electromagnetic cascade initiated by an ultra high-energy particle. Such charge asymmetries are predicted to produce strong coherent radio pulses, which are the basis for several experiments to detect high-energy neutrinos from the showers they induce in Antarctic ice and in the lunar regolith. We detected coherent emission which we attribute both to transition and possibly Cherenkov radiation at different levels depending on the experimental conditions. We discuss implications for experiments relying on radio emission for detection of electromagnetic cascades produced by ultra high-energy neutrinos.
description: updated figure 10; fixed typo in equation 2.2; accepted by PRE
The Impact of Transmission Pricing in Network Industries
Creators: name: Ruderer, D.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2012
Subjects: Transmission Investment
Generation Investment
Market Design
Locational Marginal Pricing
Redispatch
Scarcity Rents

description: The allocation of scarce transmission resources has a considerable impact on investment incentives in network industries. We study the long term effects of two common network management regimes on investment in production and transmission facilities. In one case transmission constraints are directly taken into account through locationally differentiated market prices (simultaneous market clearing). In the other case, a uniform market price is implemented and transmission constraints are resolved in a subsequent congestion market (sequential market clearing). While simultaneous market clearing produces the efficient outcome, sequential market clearing leads to overinvestment in generation and transmission capacity, as we show. These findings contribute to the debate on electricity transmission pricing.
description: Fluctuating Demand
CP-odd WWZ couplings induced by vector-like quarks
Creators: name: Asakawa, Eri
name: Marui, Miho
name: Oshimo, Noriyuki
name: Saito, Tomomi
name: Sugamoto, Akio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A minimal extension of the standard model includes extra quarks with charges 2/3 and/or -1/3, whose left-handed and right-handed components are both SU(2) singlets. This model predicts new interactions of flavor-changing neutral current at the tree level, which also violate CP invariance. We study CP-odd anomalous couplings for the gauge bosons W, W, and Z induced by the new interactions at the one-loop level. These couplings become nonnegligible only if both an up-type and a down-type extra quarks are incorporated. Their form factors are estimated to be maximally of order $10^{-5}$. Such magnitudes are larger than those predicted in the standard model, though smaller than those in certain other models.
description: 13 pages, 3 Postscript figures, figure sizes changed
Constraints on the Variation of the Fine Structure Constant from Big Bang Nucleosynthesis
Creators: name: Bergstrom, L.
name: Iguri, S.
name: Rubinstein, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We put bounds on the variation of the value of the fine structure constant $α$, at the time of Big Bang nucleosynthesis. We study carefully all light elements up to $^7$Li. We correct a previous upper limit on $|Δα/ α|$ estimated from $^4$He primordial abundance and we find interesting new potential limits (depending on the value of the baryon-to-photon ratio) from $^7$Li, whose production is governed to a large extent by Coulomb barriers. The presently unclear observational situation concerning the primordial abundances preclude a better limit than $|Δα/α| \lsim 2\cdot 10^{-2}$, two orders of magnitude less restrictive than previous bounds. In fact, each of the (mutually exclusive) scenarios of standard Big Bang nucleosynthesis proposed, one based on a high value of the measured deuterium primordial abundance and one based on a low value, may describe some aspects of data better if a change in $α$ of this magnitude is assumed.
description: 21 pages, eps figures embedded using epsfig macro
On the importance of the normalization
Creators: name: Dvoeglazov, Valeri V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We repeat the known procedure of the derivation of the set of Proca equations. It is shown that it can be written in various forms. The importance of the normalization is point out for the problem of the correct description of spin-1 quantized fields. Finally, the discussion of the so-called Kalb-Ramond field is presented.
description: ReVTeX file, no figures, 12pp
The roubstness of agent-based models of electricity wholesale markets
Creators: name: Newbery, David
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2012
Subjects: agent-based modelling
electricity markets
mark-up equilibria
stability
oligopoly

description: Agent-based modelling is an attractive way of finding equilibria in complex problems involving strategic behaviour, particularly in electricity markets with transmission constraints. However, while it may be possible to demonstrate convergence of learning behaviour to a Nash equilibrium, that is not sufficient to establish that the equilibrium is robust against more sophisticated strategy choices. This note examines two particular forms of agent-based modelling used in electricity market models, both variants of mark-up pricing, and demonstrates that they are robust against other strategies.Electric utilities, industrial policy, political economy
description: learning
Correlation functions of the 2D sine-Gordon model
Creators: name: Nomura, Kiyohide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A number of two-dimensional(2D) critical phenomena can be described in terms of the 2D sine-Gordon model. With the bosonization, several 1D quantum systems are also transformed to the same model. However, the transition of the 2D sine-Gordon model, Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless(BKT) transition, is essentially different from the second-order transition. The divergence of the correlation length is more rapid than any power-law, and there are logarithmic corrections. These pathological features make difficult to determine the BKT transition point and critical indices from finite-size calculations. In this paper, we calculate the several correlation functions of this model using a real-space renormalization technique. It is found that the several correlation functions, or eigenvalues of the corresponding transfer matrix for a finite system, become degenerate on the BKT line including logarithmic corrections. By the use of this degeneracy, which reflects the hidden SU(2) symmetry on the BKT line,it is possible to determine the BKT critical line with high precision from small size data, and to identify the universality class. In addition, a new universal relation is found. This reveals the relation between the Abelian and the non-Abelian bosonization.
description: 23 pages, LaTeX, 4 figures on request
Track Fit Hypothesis Testing and Kink Selection using Sequential Correlations
Creators: name: Kowalewski, Robert V.
name: Jackson, Paul D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Deviations between the form of trajectory assumed in a fit to a set of measurements and the actual form of the trajectory can give rise to sequential correlations in the residuals from the fit. These correlations can provide a more powerful goodness-of-fit test than that based on the minimum chi-square from a least squares fit. The use of this additional information is explored in the context of several common trajectory errors (e.g. decays in flight) encountered in charged particle tracking.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Analysis of Bose-Einstein correlations in e+e- -> W+W- events including final state interactions
Creators: name: Biyajima, M.
name: Sano, S.
name: Osada, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently DELPHI Collaboration reported new data on Bose-Einstein correlations (BEC) measured in e+e- -> W^+W^- events. Apparently no enhancement has been observed. We have analyzed these data including final state interactions (FSI) of both Coulomb and strong (s-wave) origin and found that there is enhancement in BEC but it is overshadowed by the FSI which are extremely important for those events. We have found the following values for the size of the interaction range beta and the degree of coherence lambda: beta=0.87 +/- 0.31fm and lambda=1.19 +/- 0.48, respectively.
description: 7pages, 4 figures
$d$-wave and $s^\pm$ Pairing Strengths in Ba$_2$CuO$_{3+δ}$
Creators: name: Maier, Thomas A.
name: Berlijn, Tom
name: Scalapino, Doug J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a first principles derived two-orbital model ($d_{x^2-y^2}$, $d_{3z^2-r^2}$) and a random phase approximation treatment of the spin-fluctuation pairing vertex, we calculate the $d$-wave and $s^\pm$-wave pairing strengths for a model of the recently discovered Ba$_2$CuO$_{3+δ}$ superconductor. We find that there is significant pairing strength in both of these channels. These results provide an interesting perspective on the relationship between the cuprates and Fe-based superconductors and the high-$T_c$ pairing mechanism.
description: Main text and supplemental material
Additional file 1: of Consumption of energy drinks among adolescents in Norway: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Degirmenci, Naim
name: Fossum, Ingrid
name: Strand, Tor
name: Vaktskjold, Arild
name: Holten-Andersen, Mads
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Socioeconomic status. Description on how SES scores were assessed and computed. (DOCX 18 kb)
The political economy of electricity market liberalization: a cross-country approach
Creators: name: Erdogdu, E.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2012
Subjects: Electric utilities
industrial policy
political economy

description: More than half of the countries in the world have introduced a reform process in their power sectors and billions of dollars have been spent on liberalizing electricity markets around the world. Ideological considerations, political composition of governments and educational/professional background of leaders have played and will play a crucial role throughout the reform process. Adapting a political economy perspective, this paper attempts to discover the impact of political economy variables on the liberalization process in electricity markets. Empirical models are developed and analysed using panel data from 55 developed and developing countries covering the period 1975–2010. The research findings suggest that there is a significant negative relationship between electricity market liberalization and the size of industry sector, meaning that countries with larger industry sectors tend to liberalize less. Also, we detect a negative correlation between polity score and power sector liberalization, that is; it cannot be argued that liberalization policies are stronger in more democratic countries. On the other hand, our results imply that countries that receive foreign financial aid or assistance are more likely to liberalize their electricity markets. In OECD countries, single-party governments accelerate the reform process by reducing public ownership and vertical integration. Moreover, we detect a negative relationship between the years the chief executive has been in office and the reform progress in OECD countries. Furthermore, we identify a decrease in vertical integration in electricity industry during the terms of parties with “right” or “left” ideologies in OECD countries. Additionally, professional and educational background of head of executive branch (prime minister, president and so on) seem to have very significant impact on reform process in OECD countries, but this is not the case in non-OECD countries. Leaders with a professional background as entrepreneurs speed up electricity market liberalization process in OECD countries while those with a background as economists slow it down. As for educational background, the reforms seem to progress slower in OECD countries if the head of executive has an educational background in economics or natural science. As a final point, the study suggests that EU or OECD membership, the existence of electricity market reform idea, population density, electricity consumption, income level, educational level, imports of goods and services (as % of GDP) and country specific features have a strong correlation with liberalization process in electricity markets.
The importance and need for system monitoring and analysis in HPC operations and research
Creators: name: Ciorba, Florina M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work, system monitoring and analysis are discussed in terms of their significance and benefits for operations and research in the field of high-performance computing (HPC). HPC systems deliver unique insights to computational scientists from different disciplines. It is argued that research in HPC is also computational in nature, given the massive amounts of monitoring data collected at various levels of an HPC system. The vision of a comprehensive system model developed based on holistic monitoring and analysis is also presented. The goal and expected outcome of such a model is an improved understanding of the intricate interactions between today's software and hardware, and their diverse usage patterns. The associated modeling, monitoring, and analysis challenges are reviewed and discussed. The envisioned comprehensive system model will provide the ability to design future systems that are better understood before use, easier to maintain and monitor, more efficient, more reliable, and, therefore, more productive. The paper is concluded with a number of recommendations towards realizing the envisioned system model.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, 52 footnotes (URLs instead of references)
Proton Structure in Transverse Space and the Effective Cross Section
Creators: name: Calucci, G.
name: Treleani, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observation of double parton collisions by CDF has provided the first direct information on the structure of the proton in transverse space. The actual quantity which has been measured is the `effective cross section' $σ_{eff}$, which is related to the transverse size of the region where hard interactions are localized. The actual value which has been measured is sizably smaller than naively expected and it is an indication of important correlation effects in the many-body parton distribution of the proton. We discuss the problem pointing out a possible source of correlations in the proton structure, which could have a significant effect on the value of $σ_{eff}$.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures
title: National and Human Security Issues in Irregular Migration in the USA: The Cuban Irregular Migration Crisis
Creators: name: Vestermark, Christian
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Conflict
subject: Wetfoot; Dryfoot
subject: Human security
subject: Cuba
subject: National security
subject: Irregular migration

description: National Security and Human Security are two concepts of the larger field of Security that have been and currently remain at odds with each other. On one hand, National Security seeks to uphold the sovereignty of this synthetic idea of the ‘State’, while, on the other hand, Human Security seeks the recognition of the internationally accepted rights of the individual, in any situation, whether the State recognizes them or not. As one can imagine, based on this ongoing division within the field of security, such as issue as migration is subject to just as heated as debate. National Security would state that the protection of the sovereign nation from the effects from the movement of unknown persons is paramount over the rights of the individual. Human Security rejects this notion, arguing that the well-being of the human person should be the primary focus in all matters, whether the action be a legal matter or one of state sovereignty. While the division between these views of security usually results in one taking precedence over the other, the case of Cuban irregular migration to the United States is a unique case. The shared history between the island and the US, be it the Cuban War for Independence or the Bay of Pigs Invasion and subsequent Missile Crisis after, is one wrought with security issues stemming from the field of National Security. The migration crisis, however, spurred on by these events, resulted in a shift in focus from the protection of the state, to the care of the individual. US policy towards Cuba would come to develop a unique focus on Human Security out of a setting that was highly reliant upon the ideals of National Security. This dissertation hopes to use the case of US and Cuban policy development with between National Defense and Cuban Migration to the US to effectively demonstrate that both the principles of National Security and Human Security have a place in policy and can be used effectively without jeopardizing the ideals of either field.
A Note on the Neutrino Theory of Light
Creators: name: Dvoeglazov, Valeri V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this small note we ask several questions which are relevant to the construction of the self-consistent neutrino theory of light. The previous confusions in such attempts are explained in the more detailed publication.
description: ReVTeX file, no figures, 6pp
Robust Standard Errors in Transformed Likelihood Estimation of Dynamic Panel Models
Creators: name: Hayakawa, K.
name: Pesaran, M.H.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2012
Subjects: Dynamic Panels
Cross-sectional heteroskedasticity
Monte Carlo simulation
GMM
estimation

description: This paper extends the transformed maximum likelihood approach for estimation of dynamic panel data models by Hsiao, Pesaran, and Tahmiscioglu (2002) to the case where the errors are crosssectionally heteroskedastic. This extension is not trivial due to the incidental parameters problem that arises, and its implications for estimation and inference. We approach the problem by working with a mis-specified homoskedastic model. It is shown that the transformed maximum likelihood estimator continues to be consistent even in the presence of cross-sectional heteroskedasticity. We also obtain standard errors that are robust to cross-sectional heteroskedasticity of unknown form. By means of Monte Carlo simulation, we investigate the finite sample behavior of the transformed maximum likelihood estimator and compare it with various GMM estimators proposed in the literature. Simulation results reveal that, in terms of median absolute errors and accuracy of inference, the transformed likelihood estimator outperforms the GMM estimators in almost all cases.
Additional file 1 of Family-based cognitive behavioural therapy versus family-based relaxation therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder in children and adolescents (the TECTO trial): a statistical analysis plan for the randomised clinical trial
Creators: name: Olsen, Markus Harboe
name: Hagstrøm, Julie
name: Lønfeldt, Nicole Nadine
name: Uhre, Camilla
name: Uhre, Valdemar
name: Pretzmann, Linea
name: Christensen, Sofie Heidenheim
name: Thoustrup, Christine
name: Korsbjerg, Nicoline Løcke Jepsen
name: Mora-Jensen, Anna-Rosa Cecilie
name: Ritter, Melanie
name: Engstrøm, Janus
name: Lindschou, Jane
name: Siebner, Hartwig Roman
name: Verhulst, Frank
name: Jeppesen, Pia
name: Jepsen, Jens Richardt Møllegaard
name: Vangkilde, Signe
name: Thomsen, Per Hove
name: Hybel, Katja
name: Clemmesen, Line Katrine Harder
name: Gluud, Christian
name: Plessen, Kerstin Jessica
name: Pagsberg, Anne Katrine
name: Jakobsen, Janus Christian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1: Table 1. Participant characteristics. Figure 1. CONSORT flow diagram. Figure 2. Psychopathology and family burden. Figure 3. Response status at 16 weeks. Figure 4. Negative effects questionnaire. Supplemental Table 1. Detailed comorbidities. Supplemental Table 2. Psychopathology and family burden. Supplemental Table 3. Kidscreen-52. Supplemental Timeline. Supplemental Assumptions.
Saving on a Rainy Day, Borrowing for a Rainy Day
Creators: name: Alan, S.
name: Crossley, T.
name: Low, Hamish
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2012
Subjects: credit constraints
savings
recessions
uncertainty

description: The aim of this paper is to understand what a recession means for individual consumers, and to model in a life-cycle framework how individuals respond to recessions. Our focus is on the sharp increase in savings rates that have been observed in the current and recent recessions. We show empirically that these saving spikes were short-lived and common to all working age groups. We then study life-cycle models in which recessions involve one or more of: (i) an aggregate permanent negative shock to individual income; (ii) an increase in the variance of idiosyncratic permanent shocks; (iii) a tightening of credit constraints; (iv) asset market crashes. In simulations and in the data we aggregate explicitly from individual behavior. We model credit tightening as a constraint on new borrowing and this generates an option value of borrowing in good times. We show that the rise in the aggregate savings ratio is driven by increases in uncertainty, rather than tightening of credit; temporary shocks to the supply of credit generate increases in saving only among younger agents.
Scattering of second sound waves by quantum vorticity
Creators: name: Lund, Fernando
name: Steinberg, Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new method of detection and measurement of quantum vorticity by scattering second sound off quantized vortices in superfluid Helium is suggested. Theoretical calculations of the relative amplitude of the scattered second sound waves from a single quantum vortex, a vortex ring, and bulk vorticity are presented. The relevant estimates show that an experimental verification of the method is feasible. Moreover, it can even be used for the detection of a single quantum vortex.
description: Latex file, 9 pages
Evidence for a massive dust-trapping vortex connected to spirals: a multi-wavelength analysis of the HD~135344B protoplanetary disk
Creators: name: Cazzoletti, P.
name: van Dishoeck, E. F.
name: Pinilla, P.
name: Tazzari, M.
name: Facchini, S.
name: van der Marel, N.
name: Benisty, M.
name: Garufi, A.
name: Pérez, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spiral arms, rings and large scale asymmetries are structures observed in high resolution observations of protoplanetary disks, and it appears that some of the disks showing spiral arms in scattered light also show asymmetries in millimeter-sized dust. HD~135344B is one of these disks. Planets are invoked as the origin of these structures, but no planet has been observed so far. We investigate the nature of the asymmetric structure in the HD~135344B disk in order to understand the origin of the spirals and of the asymmetry seen in this disk. Ultimately, we aim at understanding whether or not one or more planets are needed to explain such structures. We present new ALMA sub-0.1" resolution observations in Band 3 and 4. The high spatial resolution allows us to characterize the mm-dust morphology of the disk. The low optical depth of continuum emission probes the bulk of the dust in vortex. Moreover, we combine the new observations with archival data to perform a multi-wavelength analysis and to obtain information about the dust distribution and properties inside the asymmetry. We resolve the asymmetric disk into a symmetric ring + asymmetric crescent, and observe that: (1) the spectral index strongly decreases at the center of the vortex, consistent with the presence of large grains; (2) for the first time, an azimuthal shift of the peak of the vortex with wavelength is observed; (3) the azimuthal width of the vortex decreases at longer wavelengths, as expected for dust traps. These features allow to confirm the nature of the asymmetry as a vortex. Finally a lower limit to the total mass of the vortex is $0.3 M_{\rm Jupiter}$. Considering the uncertainties involved in this estimate, it is possible that the actual mass of the vortex is higher and possibly within the required values ($\sim 4\,\rm M_{\rm Jupiter}$) to launch spiral arms similar to those observed in scattered light.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication on A&A. The abstract has been shortened in order to fit arXiv requirements
title: JUST DOUGH IT! An Analysis of Nike and Ben & Jerry’s Use of Corporate Activism as It Pertains to the Black Lives Matter Movement
Creators: name: Wagner, Miriam
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Corporate activism
subject: Ben & Jerry's
subject: Nike
subject: Corporate social responsibility
subject: Black Lives Matter movement

description: On May 25th, 2020 George Floyd, an innocent Black man, was unjustly murdered by a police officer in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Mass Black Lives Matter mobilizations occurred around the nation. Shortly after his death, corporations took to their own social media pages and posted statements condemning this incident and what they would be doing to help combat this injustice. Nike and Ben & Jerry's released statements that highly resonated with the public. This thesis looks at how corporations engage with activism and shape public discourse. I conducted an online qualitative content analysis looking at Nike and Ben & Jerry's Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram pages and online news articles. This study revealed that corporate activism can be categorized into three categories: Conscientious Activism, which is when corporations boldly and shamelessly engage with activism, Performance Activism which is when corporations only engage with activism to appear proactive or socially just, and Reactive Activism, which happens when corporations engage with activism only after being pressured by other consumers, the state, or other corporations.
Xcos on Web as a promising learning tool for Bachelor's of Electromechanics modeling of technical objects
Creators: name: Modlo, Yevhenii O.
name: Semerikov, Serhiy O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: K.3.1; I.6.0; J.2
subject: 97M50, 97P99

description: Research goals: to identify the perspective learning simulation tool for Bachelors of Electromechanics. Research objectives: to prove the feasibility of using the simulation system Xcos on Web as a tool of forming of future Bachelors of Electromechanics competence in modeling of technical objects. Research object: the use of imitative simulation systems to learning the Bachelors of Electromechanics. Research subject: the use Xcos on Web in learning modeling of technical objects the Bachelors of Electromechanics. Research methods used: the analysis of existing software usage experience. Research results. The imitative simulation system Xcos on Web is a promising cloud-based learning tool for Bachelor's of Electromechanics modeling of technical objects. The main conclusions and recommendations: 1. The use of simulation systems, such as Scilab Xcos, is a necessary part of Bachelor of Electromechanics professional training. 2. Cloud-based learning environment built on the integrative usage of mobile Internet devices promotes the forming of Bachelor's of Electromechanics professional competencies. 3. Implementation the full Scilab Xcos functionality at Xcos on Web creates conditions for transition in Bachelor's of Electromechanics learning the simulation of technical objects to the use of mobile Internet devices.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, in Ukrainian, submitted to Workshop on Cloud technologies in education (CTE'2017)
The Hunter Valley Access Undertaking: elements of a negotiated settlement
Creators: name: Bordignon, S.
name: Littlechild, S.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2012
Subjects: regulation
negotiated settlement

description: On 29 June 2011 the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) accepted an access undertaking from Australian Rail Track Corporation (ARTC) in relation to the Hunter Valley rail network. The ACCC encouraged ARTC and its users (principally coal producers) to discuss and negotiate the detail of the undertaking. At the final stage the parties were able to resolve their differences and put an agreed undertaking to the ACCC. Compared to the undertaking that the ACCC would likely otherwise have accepted, this agreement was for a shorter term and embodied other provisions preferred by the users, in return for a higher rate of return requested by ARTC. The paper discusses the nature and lessons of this settlement process.