cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Integrating Cloud Condensation Nuclei Predictions with Fast Time Resolved Aerosol Instrumentation to Determine the Hygroscopic Properties of Emissions Over Transient Drive Cycles
Creators: name: D. Vu
name: D. Short
name: G. Karavalakis
name: T. D. Durbin
name: A. Asa-Awuku
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Astronomy, Astrophysics, Space Science
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biochemistry

description: The physical and chemical properties of aerosols emitted from vehicles can vary in composition under different driving conditions. Thus, characterizing ephemeral changes in aerosol cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activity and apparent hygroscopicity for vehicle-testing procedures conducted over transient drive cycles can be challenging. To evaluate CCN activity of these emitted aerosols, a closure method integrating traditional CCN measurements with fast time resolved aerosol instrumentation typically used to measure engine exhaust was utilized. Calibration of the method predicted activation diameters, Dd, within 10% and 15% of Dd derived from Köhler theory for two stable sources, aerosolized ammonium sulfate and α-pinene secondary organic aerosol, respectively. It was then applied to a transient source to estimate the effect of six different ethanol and iso-butanol gasoline blends on the hygroscopic properties of emissions downstream a gasoline direct injection light duty passenger vehicle over transient drive cycles. To describe the CCN activity, a single hygroscopicity parameter, kappa, was used. Results indicate low CCN activity with kappa ranging between ~0.002 and 0.06.Copyright 2015 American Association for Aerosol Research
Schoolchildren Consumed More Whole Grains Following Change in School Meal Standards
Creators: name: Guthrie, Joanne
name: Lin, Biing-Hwan
name: Smith, Travis A.
name: Guthrie, Joanne
name: Lin, Biing-Hwan
name: Smith, Travis A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: dietary guidelines
subject: nutrition
subject: food consumption
subject: National School Lunch Program
subject: School Breakfast Program

description: A study by ERS and University of Georgia researchers found that in 2013-14, the whole grain to total grain consumption ratio for the school foods children ate (USDA school meals and non-USDA snacks or meals obtained at school) was 21.5 percent—higher than the 17.2 percent ratio for home-prepared foods and the 2.6 percent ratio for foods from restaurants and fast food places.
Conversion of actinides into oxide precursors for innovative fuel fabrication
Creators: name: Schreinemachers, Christian
name: Middendorp, Ronald
name: Bukaemskiy, Andrey A.
name: Modolo, Giuseppe
name: Brykala, Marcin
name: Rogowski, Marcin
name: Deptula, Andrzej
name: Čuba, Václav
name: Pavelková, Tereza
name: Sebesta, Ferdinand
name: John, Jan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015

description: Conversion of actinides into oxide precursors for innovative fuel fabrication
Sustainable maize production through seed inoculation and different tillage regimes
Creators: name: Iqbal, Zahid
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Botany
subject: Soil Science
subject: Environmental Science
subject: 99901 Agricultural Engineering
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: Education

description: Maize is ranked as the third important cereal crop used as staple food after wheat and rice across the globe.
However, population is increasing very rapidly and land holdings sizes are decreasing. Moreover, increasing input
prices are also forcing the farmers switch towards conservative production systems. This situation needs yield
increase per unit area to meet the food demands of increasing population. In this scenario, use of bio fertilizers
with proper soil tillage practices can improve agricultural productivity on sustainable basis. The present study
was conducted to evaluate the impacts of various tillage practices (Conventional, deep tillage and zero tillage) and
seed inoculation strains on growth, yield and quality of spring sown maize. The experiment was conducted in
RCBD in split plot arrangement with three replications. Maize hybrid (DKC-6142) was used as test cultivar. Both
the qualitative and quantitative parameters of maize were significantly affected by tillage regimes and inoculation
strains. However, their interaction was found non-significant for all the studied traits. Yield related traits and
grain yield was significantly better recorded when maize seeds were inoculated and non-inoculated maize seeds
performs poor in term of all these parameters. However, maize seeds sown without application of inoculum
produced highest oil starch contents. Among the tillage practices, yield related traits, grain yield and protein
contents were significantly better in conventional tillage followed by deep tillage, while performance of maize
sown under zero tillage was poor in terms of these traits. However, crop sown under zero tillage produced highest
oil and starch contents. In crux, seed inoculation of maize seeds may be used as an option to increase the maize
yields in conventional system to meet the food demands of ever increasing population.
Testing odorants recovery from a novel metalized fluorinated ethylene propylene gas sampling bag
Creators: name: Zhu, Wenda
name: Koziel, Jacek A.
name: Lingshuang Cai
name: Wright, Donald
name: Kuhrt, Fred
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Engineering
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: Industry-standard Tedlar bags for odor sample collection from confined animal feeding operations (CAFOs) have been challenged by the evidence of volatile organic compound (VOC) losses and background interferences. Novel impermeable aluminum foil with a thin layer of fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) film on the surface that is in contact with a gas sample was developed to address this challenge. In this research, Tedlar and metalized FEP bags were compared for (a) recoveries of four characteristic CAFO odorous VOCs (ethyl mercaptan, butyric acid, isovaleric acid and p-cresol) after 30 min and 24 hr sample storage time and for (b) chemical background interferences. All air sampling and analyses were performed with SPME followed by GC-MS. Mean target gas sample recoveries from metalized FEP bags were 25.9% and 28.0% higher than those in Tedlar bags, for 30 min and 24 h, respectively. Metalized FEP bags demonstrated the highest p-cresol recoveries after 30 min and 24 hr storage, 96.1±44.5% and 44.8±10.2% respectively, among different types of sampling bags reported in previous studies. However, a higher variability was observed for p-cresol recovery with metalized FEP bags. A 0% recovery of ethyl mercaptan was observed with Tedlar bags after 24 hr storage whereas an 85.7±7.4% recovery was achieved with metalized FEP bags. Recoveries of butyric and isovaleric acids were similar for both bag types. Two major impurities in Tedlar bags’ background were identified as N,N-dimethylacetamide and phenol, while that of metalized FEP bags were significantly cleaner. Reusability of metalized FEP bags was tested.ImplicationsCaution is advised when using polymeric materials for storage of livestock-relevant odorous volatile organic compounds. The odorants loss with storage time confirmed that long-term storage in whole-air form is ill-advised. A focused short-term odor sample containment should be biased toward the most inert material available relative to the highest impact target odorant. Metalized FEP was identified as such a material to p-cresol as the highest impact odorant from confined animal feeding operations. Metalized FEP bags have much cleaner background than commercial Tedlar bags do. Significantly higher recoveries of methyl mercaptan and p-cresol were also observed with metalized FEP bags.
Prediction of psychosis using neural oscillations and machine learning in neuroleptic-naïve at-risk patients
Creators: name: Ramyead, Avinash
name: Studerus, Erich
name: Kometer, Michael
name: Uttinger, Martina
name: Gschwandtner, Ute
name: Fuhr, Peter
name: Riecher-Rössler, Anita
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Plant Biology

description: Objectives: This study investigates whether abnormal neural oscillations, which have been shown to precede the onset of frank psychosis, could be used towards the individualised prediction of psychosis in clinical high-risk patients. Methods: We assessed the individualised prediction of psychosis by detecting specific patterns of beta and gamma oscillations using machine-learning algorithms. Prediction models were trained and tested on 53 neuroleptic-naïve patients with a clinical high-risk for psychosis. Of these, 18 later transitioned to psychosis. All patients were followed up for at least 3 years. For an honest estimation of the generalisation capacity, the predictive performance of the models was assessed in unseen test cases using repeated nested cross-validation. Results: Transition to psychosis could be predicted from current-source density (CSD; area under the curve [AUC] = 0.77), but not from lagged phase synchronicity data (LPS; AUC = 0.56). Combining both modalities did not improve the predictive accuracy (AUC = 0.78). The left superior temporal gyrus, the left inferior parietal lobule and the precuneus most strongly contributed to the prediction of psychosis. Conclusions: Our results suggest that CSD measurements extracted from clinical resting state EEG can help to improve the prediction of psychosis on a single-subject level.
Expansion of landing areas on the Venus surface using resonant orbits in the Venera-D project
Creators: name: Eismont, Natan
name: Zubko, Vladislav
name: Belyaev, Andrey
name: Fedyaev, Konstantin
name: Zasova, Lyudmila
name: Gorinov, Dmitry
name: Simonov, Alexander
name: Nazirov, Ravil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A problem of determining attainable landing sites on the surface of Venus is an essential part of the Venera-D project aimed to explore the planet using a lander. This problem appears due to the inability for the descent module to land at any point on the surface of Venus because of the short duration of the launch window (about 2 weeks from the optimal launch date), as well as restrictions on the maximum permissible overload. An additional factor affecting the reduction of attainable landing sites is the low angular velocity of Venus own rotation. This study proposes a new approach to expand the attainable landing areas. The approach is based on the use of the gravitational field of Venus to transfer the spacecraft to an orbit resonant to the Venusian one with a ratio of periods of 1:1. All the simulations were performed at the patched conic approximation. As an example, we considered a flight to Venus at launch in 2029 or 2031. For both cases maps of attainable landing areas on the surface were constructed. It has been demonstrated that there is always at least one launch date within the launch window, allowing the spacecraft to reach almost any point on the surface of Venus. It is shown that the application of the proposed approach makes it possible to achieve a significant expansion of the attainable landing areas (over 70\% of the surface) and, in some cases, provide access to any point on the surface of Venus. However, the price of this advantage is an increase in the flight duration by one Venusian year.
Cardiovascular risk markers in patients with psoriatic arthritis: A meta-analysis of literature studies
Creators: name: Minno, Matteo Nicola Dario Di
name: Ambrosino, Pasquale
name: Lupoli, Roberta
name: Minno, Alessandro Di
name: Tasso, Marco
name: Peluso, Rosario
name: Tremoli, Elena
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Introduction. Several studies reported an increased cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). We performed a meta-analysis on the impact of PsA on major markers of CV risk. Methods. Studies on the relationship between PsA and common carotid artery intima-media thickness (CCA-IMT), prevalence of carotid plaques, flow-mediated dilation (FMD), nitrate-mediated dilation (NMD), pulse wave velocity (PWV), augmentation index (AIx), and ankle-brachial index (ABI) were systematically searched in the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and EMBASE databases. Results. Sixteen case-control studies (898 cases, 1,140 controls) were included. Compared to controls, PsA patients showed a higher CCA-IMT (MD 0.07 mm; 95% CI 0.04, 0.11; P < 0.0001), and a higher frequency of carotid plaques (OR 3.12; 95% CI 1.03, 9.39; P = 0.04). Moreover, a lower FMD was found in PsA subjects than in controls (MD –2.56%; 95% CI –4.17, –0.94; P = 0.002), with no differences in NMD (MD –0.40%; 95% CI –1.19, 0.39; P = 0.32). Because of the low number of studies, no meta- analytical evaluation was performed for PWV, AIx, and ABI. Despite heterogeneity among studies, PsA appears significantly associated with markers of subclinical atherosclerosis and CV risk. Discussion. These findings could help to establish more specific CV prevention strategies in this clinical setting.
Adaptive hyperspectral imaging using structured illumination in a spatial light modulator-based interferometer
Creators: name: Chandra, Amar Deo
name: Karmakar, Mintu
name: Nandy, Dibyendu
name: Banerjee, Ayan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a novel hyperspectral imaging system using structured illumination in an SLM-based Michelson interferometer. In our design, we use a reflective SLM as a mirror in one of the arms of a Michelson interferometer, and scan the interferometer by varying the phase across the SLM display. For achieving the latter, we apply a checkerboard phase mask on the SLM display where the gray value varies between 0-255, thereby imparting a dynamic phase of up to 262° to the incident light beam. We couple a supercontinuum source into the interferometer in order to mimic an astronomical object such as the Sun, and choose a central wavelength of 637.4 nm akin to the strong emission line of Fe X present in the solar spectrum. We use a bandwidth of 30 nm, and extract fringes corresponding to a spectral resolution of 3.8 nm which is limited by the reflectivity of the SLM. We also demonstrate a maximum wavelength tunability of ~8 nm by varying the phase over the phase mask with a spectral sampling of around 0.03 nm between intermediate fringes. The checkerboard phase mask can be adapted close to real time on time-scales of a few tens of milliseconds to obtain spectral information for other near-contiguous wavelengths. The compactness, potential low cost, low power requirements, real-time tunability and lack of moving mechanical parts in the setup implies that it can have very useful applications in settings which require near real-time, multi-wavelength spectroscopic applications, and is especially relevant in space astronomy.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in Optics Express
Altered executive control network resting-state connectivity in social anxiety disorder
Creators: name: Geiger, Maximilian J.
name: Domschke, Katharina
name: Ipser, Jonathan
name: Coenie Hattingh
name: Baldwin, David S.
name: Lochner, Christine
name: Stein, Dan J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Objectives: Research into the neural basis of social anxiety disorder (SAD) suggests alterations in prefrontal networks, which may in turn disrupt regulation of the limbic system. Better understanding of the disturbed interface between these networks may improve current pathogenic models of this disorder. Methods: Applying group independent component analysis (ICA) to recordings of fMRI resting-state, connectivity in the executive control network was studied in 18 patients with SAD and 15 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Results: Results revealed a dissociation within the left executive control network, with SAD patients showing decreased connectivity of the orbitofrontal gyrus and increased connectivity of the middle frontal gyrus compared to healthy controls. In a subsequent seed-based functional connectivity analysis, patients with SAD displayed increased connectivity between the left orbitofrontal gyrus and the left amygdala. Conclusions: Findings suggest that hypo-connectivity in the executive control network and hyper-connectivity between the orbitofrontal cortex and the amygdala may reflect a disturbance in the balance between top-down and bottom-up control processes, potentially contributing to the development of SAD.
Differences in Heart Rate Variability Synchronization Between Patients and Controls During Horse-Assisted Therapy
Creators: name: Baer, Larissa
name: Pruessner, Jens C.
name: Wienhold, Stella
name: Ringleb, Zoe
name: Zirpel, Victoria
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mental Disorders
subject: Health Information Technology
subject: Animal Studies
subject: Alternative and Complementary Medicine
subject: Psychiatry and Psychology
subject: Health Psychology
subject: Public Health
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Social Psychology
subject: Biology
subject: Biological Psychology
subject: Neuroscience and Neurobiology
subject: Systems Biology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Psychological Phenomena and Processes
subject: Animal Sciences

description: This study explores the synchronization of heart rate variability (HRV) in horse-assisted therapy (HAT), comparing healthy female students with women with psychiatric disorders. Investigating HRV patterns across four sessions, the study aims to understand how synchronization evolves. Hypotheses suggest an increase in HRV synchronization within the patient group, gradually resembling patterns in the control group. With 81 participants undergoing standardized HAT sessions, this research uses statistical techniques like multilevel modeling to uncover neuropsychological mechanisms. The findings could enhance the effectiveness of HAT in addressing psychiatric disorders, and the study aligns with open science practices by making data and materials publicly accessible.
Designing Photodetectors with Machine Learning
Creators: name: Simsek, Ergun
name: Anjum, Ishraq Md
name: Carruthers, Thomas F.
name: Menyuk, Curtis
Publisher: name: Optica
Year: 2022

description: Novel Optical Materials and Applications 2022, Maastricht, Limburg Netherlands, 24–28 July 2022
description: Modern optimization techniques are used to design high-performance photodetectors. All the designs created during these optimization studies are then used to train a physics-inspired, two-stage neural network to obtain even better-performing devices.
Integrating Cloud Condensation Nuclei Predictions with Fast Time Resolved Aerosol Instrumentation to Determine the Hygroscopic Properties of Emissions over Transient Drive Cycles
Creators: name: D. Vu
name: D. Short
name: G. Karavalakis
name: T. D. Durbin
name: A. Asa-Awuku
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Astronomy, Astrophysics, Space Science
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biochemistry

description: The physical and chemical properties of aerosols emitted from vehicles can vary in composition under different driving conditions. Thus, characterizing ephemeral changes in aerosol Cloud Condensation Nuclei (CCN) activity and apparent hygroscopicity for vehicle-testing procedures conducted over transient drive cycles can be challenging. To evaluate CCN activity of these emitted aerosols, a closure method integrating traditional CCN measurements with fast time resolved aerosol instrumentation typically used to measure engine exhaust was utilized. Calibration of the method predicted activation diameters, Dd, within 10% and 15% of Dd derived from Köhler theory for two stable sources, aerosolized ammonium sulfate and α-pinene secondary organic aerosol, respectively. It was then applied to a transient source to estimate the effect of six different ethanol and iso-butanol gasoline blends on the hygroscopic properties of emissions downstream a gasoline direct injection light duty passenger vehicle over transient drive cycles. To describe the CCN activity, a single hygroscopicity parameter, kappa, was used. Results indicate low CCN activity with kappa ranging between ∼0.002 and 0.06.
Attention mechanisms for broadband feature prediction for electromagnetic and photonic applications
Creators: name: Simsek, Ergun
name: Soroush, Masoud
name: Moille, Gregory
name: Srinivasan, Kartik
name: Menyuk, Curtis
Publisher: name: SPIE
Year: 2023

description: SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications, 2023, San Diego, California, United States
description: We present a study on the accuracy of three neural network architectures, namely fully-connected neural networks, recurrent neural networks, and attention-based neural networks, in predicting the coupling response of broadband microresonator frequency combs. These frequency combs are crucial for technologies like optical atomic clocks. Optimizing their spectral features, especially the dispersion in coupling to an access waveguide, can be computationally demanding due to the large number of parameters and wide spectral bandwidths involved. To address this challenge, we employ machine learning algorithms to estimate the coupling response at wavelengths not present in the input training data. Our findings demonstrate that when trained with data sets encompassing the upper and lower limits of each design feature, attention mechanisms achieve over 90% accuracy in predicting the coupling rate for spectral ranges six times wider than those used in training. This significantly reduces the computational burden for numerical optimization in ring resonator design, potentially leading to a six-fold reduction in compute time. Moreover, devices with strong correlations between design features and performance metrics may experience even greater acceleration.
Designing Nonlinear Optoelectronic Devices with Numerical Optimization: Lessons Learned
Creators: name: Simsek, Ergun
name: Anjum, Ishraq Md
name: Menyuk, Curtis
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2023

description: 2023 Photonics & Electromagnetics Research Symposium (PIERS), Prague, Czech Republic, 03-06 July 2023.
description: Photodetectors are widely used in various applications with different requirements. Choosing the right group of semiconductor materials and adjusting the parameters of the layers that form the photodetectors are crucial for optimizing their performance. This paper investigates the suitability of four numerical optimization methods - genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimization, surrogate algorithm, and the Nelder-Mead simplex algorithm - for the design of photodetectors by comparing the performance of the methods. The findings of this study can aid in selecting the right numerical optimization technique for designing photodetector-like opto-electronic devices with optimal performance for specific applications.
Presentation of infection in older patients—a prospective study
Creators: name: Yahav, Dafna
name: Schlesinger, Agata
name: Daitch, Vered
name: Akayzen, Yulia
name: Farbman, Laura
name: Abu-Ghanem, Yasmin
name: Mical Paul
name: Leibovici, Leonard
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Background. Traditional wisdom suggests that infections in older patients have atypical presentation, including blunted febrile response. Data are scarce. Design. We analyzed data from a prospectively collected database on presentation of infection in 4,308 patients, and compared the presentation of older patients (≥ 75 years) versus adults (< 75 years). Settings. Single tertiary medical center. Participants. Patients admitted with suspected bacterial infection during 2002–2004 and 2010–2011. Measurements. We evaluated clinical presentation on day of admission, including vital signs and laboratory parameters. Results. No difference in fever values as a presenting sign of infection was found between older patients and adults (median fever 38.3°C, interquartile range [IQR] 37.4–39.0°C; and 38.4°C, IQR 37.3–39.0°C, respectively, P = 0.08). Median leukocyte count was significantly higher in older patients (median 11.60, IQR 8.30–15.72 in older patients; 10.84, 7.50–15.00 in adults, P < 0.001). Presentation with septic shock, acute renal failure, and reduced consciousness was significantly more common in older patients. These findings were also consistent in the subgroups of bacteremic patients and patients with microbiologically documented infection. Conclusion. Elevated fever and leukocytosis were found to be at least equally common in older patients compared to younger adults as part of the presentation of infection.
Two-Dimensional Frequency Comb From a Single Dual-Pumped Microring Dissipativer Kerr Soliton
Creators: name: Moille, Grégory
name: Shandilya, Pradyoth
name: Chojnacky, Michal
name: Li, Christy
name: Menyuk, Curtis
name: Srinivasan, Kartik
Publisher: name: Optica
Year: 2023

description: CLEO: Fundamental Science 2023, San Jose, CA United States, 7–12 May 2023
description: We present a two-dimensional frequency comb, with distinct fixed repetition-rates in both the azimuthal mode dimension and an orthogonal dimension parametrized by the angular phase-velocity. We experimental demonstrate it using a single integrated microring bichromatically pumped.
Fast Autonomous Robotic Exploration Using the Underlying Graph Structure
Creators: name: Placed, Julio A.
name: Castellanos, José A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work, we fully define the existing relationships between traditional optimality criteria and the connectivity of the underlying pose-graph in Active SLAM, characterizing, therefore, the connection between Graph Theory and the Theory Optimal Experimental Design. We validate the proposed relationships in 2D and 3D graph SLAM datasets, showing a remarkable relaxation of the computational load when using the graph structure. Furthermore, we present a novel Active SLAM framework which outperforms traditional methods by successfully leveraging the graphical facet of the problem so as to autonomously explore an unknown environment.
description: 2021 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS). arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2110.01289
Altered executive control network resting-state connectivity in social anxiety disorder
Creators: name: Geiger, Maximilian J.
name: Domschke, Katharina
name: Ipser, Jonathan
name: Coenie Hattingh
name: Baldwin, David S.
name: Lochner, Christine
name: Stein, Dan J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Objectives: Research into the neural basis of social anxiety disorder (SAD) suggests alterations in prefrontal networks, which may in turn disrupt regulation of the limbic system. Better understanding of the disturbed interface between these networks may improve current pathogenic models of this disorder. Methods: Applying group independent component analysis (ICA) to recordings of fMRI resting-state, connectivity in the executive control network was studied in 18 patients with SAD and 15 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Results: Results revealed a dissociation within the left executive control network, with SAD patients showing decreased connectivity of the orbitofrontal gyrus and increased connectivity of the middle frontal gyrus compared to healthy controls. In a subsequent seed-based functional connectivity analysis, patients with SAD displayed increased connectivity between the left orbitofrontal gyrus and the left amygdala. Conclusions: Findings suggest that hypo-connectivity in the executive control network and hyper-connectivity between the orbitofrontal cortex and the amygdala may reflect a disturbance in the balance between top-down and bottom-up control processes, potentially contributing to the development of SAD.
Soliton glasses in Fabry-Perot resonators
Creators: name: Young, Joshua T.
name: Puckett, Matthew
name: Courtright, Logan
name: Shandilya, Pradyoth H.
name: Keber, Grace C.
name: Cundiff, Steven
name: Wu, Jianfeng
name: Nelson, Karl D.
name: Hoyt, Chad
name: Hu, Jonathan
name: Menyuk, Curtis
Publisher: name: Optica
Year: 2023

description: CLEO: Fundamental Science 2023, San Jose, CA United States, 7–12 May 2023
description: We study novel soliton glass frequency combs to a modified Lugiato-Lefever Equation (LLE) that include cross-phase modulation within a Fabry-Perot resonator. Soliton glasses are characterized by stable, spatially locked, phase-locked, and randomly spaced soliton pulses.
Zero-shot Query Contextualization for Conversational Search
Creators: name: Krasakis, Antonios Minas
name: Yates, Andrew
name: Kanoulas, Evangelos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Current conversational passage retrieval systems cast conversational search into ad-hoc search by using an intermediate query resolution step that places the user's question in context of the conversation. While the proposed methods have proven effective, they still assume the availability of large-scale question resolution and conversational search datasets. To waive the dependency on the availability of such data, we adapt a pre-trained token-level dense retriever on ad-hoc search data to perform conversational search with no additional fine-tuning. The proposed method allows to contextualize the user question within the conversation history, but restrict the matching only between question and potential answer. Our experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. We also perform an analysis that provides insights of how contextualization works in the latent space, in essence introducing a bias towards salient terms from the conversation.
description: Accepted @ SIGIR 2022
Hydrotalcite catalysis for the synthesis of new chiral building blocks
Creators: name: Rodilla, Jesus M.
name: Neves, Patricia P.
name: Pombal, Sofia
name: Rives, Vicente
name: Trujillano, Raquel
name: Díez, David
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Computational Biology

description: The use of hydrotalcites for the synthesis of two chiral building blocks in a simple way is described as a new and green methodology. The synthesis of these compounds implies a regioselective Baeyer–Villiger reaction in a very selective way with ulterior opening and lactonisation. This methodology should be considered green for the use of hydrogen peroxide as the only oxidant and hydrotalcites as the catalyst, and because no residues are produced apart from water. The procedure is very adequate for using in gram scale, in order to increase the value of the obtained compounds. The conditions are excellent and can be applied for nonstable compounds, as they are very mild. The synthesised compounds are magnific starting materials for the synthesis of biologically active or natural compounds. The use of a cheap, commercial and chiral compound as carvone disposable in both enantiomeric forms adds an extra value to this methodology.
Hydrotalcite catalysis for the synthesis of new chiral building blocks
Creators: name: Rodilla, Jesus M.
name: Neves, Patricia P.
name: Pombal, Sofia
name: Rives, Vicente
name: Trujillano, Raquel
name: Díez, David
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Computational Biology

description: The use of hydrotalcites for the synthesis of two chiral building blocks in a simple way is described as a new and green methodology. The synthesis of these compounds implies a regioselective Baeyer–Villiger reaction in a very selective way with ulterior opening and lactonisation. This methodology should be considered green for the use of hydrogen peroxide as the only oxidant and hydrotalcites as the catalyst, and because no residues are produced apart from water. The procedure is very adequate for using in gram scale, in order to increase the value of the obtained compounds. The conditions are excellent and can be applied for nonstable compounds, as they are very mild. The synthesised compounds are magnific starting materials for the synthesis of biologically active or natural compounds. The use of a cheap, commercial and chiral compound as carvone disposable in both enantiomeric forms adds an extra value to this methodology.
Two-dimensional frequency comb from cascaded nonlinear mixing of a multi-color soliton in an integrated microresonator
Creators: name: Moille, Gregory
name: Shandilya, Pradyoth
name: Menyuk, Curtis
name: Dutt, Avik
name: Chembo, Yanne K.
name: Srinivasan, Kartik
Publisher: name: SPIE
Year: 2023

description: SPIE LASE, 2023, San Francisco, California, United States
description: We present the creation of a two-dimensional frequency comb in a single integrated microring resonator through its dual pumping. We demonstrate experimentally and theoretically that dual-pumping allows for the creation of a multi-color soliton with a single group rotation velocity yet multiple phase rotation velocities, yielding multiple soliton eigenfrequencies (i.e. colors). We show that, thanks to the material's nonlinearity, its eigenfrequencies can cascade through four-wave mixing, creating a comb. Because this dimension is orthogonal to the azimuthal mode number dimension, the extracted frequency comb is ultimately a two-dimensional one.
Interwoven multi-color solitons from their elastic collision in an integrated microring resonator
Creators: name: Moille, Gregory
name: Menyuk, Curtis
name: Srinivasan, Kartik
Publisher: name: SPIE
Year: 2023

description: SPIE LASE, 2023, San Francisco, California, United States
description: We present the demonstration of elastic collisions between dissipative Kerr solitons at different repetition rates in an integrated microresonator. Their periodic collision results in a periodic inter-exchange of their repetition rate. We observe this phenomenon experimentally, and support it with numerical simulations, with each comb tooth is impacted by the periodic soliton collision, producing an interwoven frequency comb.
Scenario analysis of rainwater harvesting and use on a large scale – assessment of runoff, storage and economic performance for the case study Amsterdam Airport Schiphol
Creators: name: Kuller, Martijn
name: N.J. Dolman
name: J.H.G. Vreeburg
name: Spiller, Marc
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Research on rainwater harvesting mainly focuses on a building scale. Scant information is available about its performance on a large scale. This study aims to determine the potential for, and economic viability of meeting non-potable water demand by rainwater harvesting for a large scale case (21.5 km2): Amsterdam Airport Schiphol. A dynamic model was developed to analyse scenarios of varying rainfall, catchment surfaces and storage capacity. Four potential system configurations of catchments and non-potable uses were analysed for their economic performance with different water prices and storage options. This study found that, given sufficient storage and catchment size, all non-potable water demand of Schiphol can be supplied, reducing drinking water demand by up to 58%. Diminishing returns for adding storage and catchment to the system make full supply inefficient. Current water charges make most large scale system configurations not viable due to high investment costs for supply networks and storage infrastructure.
Low-Phase-Noise Microwave Generated by an Optical Frequency Comb Locked to an On-Chip Interferometer
Creators: name: Cahill, James P.
name: Mahmood, Tanvir
name: Zhou, Weimin
name: Sykes, Patrick G.
name: Menyuk, Curtis
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2023

description: 2023 Joint Conference of the European Frequency and Time Forum and IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (EFTF/IFCS), Toyama, Japan, 15-19 May 2023.
description: We generated a low-phase-noise microwave by stabilizing an optical frequency comb with a 56.5-cm long photonic-integrated Mach-Zehnder interferometer that was fabricated in a commercial foundry. The phase noise of the 9.987-GHz tone was −105 dBc/Hz at a 1-kHz offset frequency, corresponding to a reduction of the free-running phase noise by 15 dB. Our results point towards a fully integrated low-phase-noise microwave source.
Long-Term U.S. Agricultural Outlook Affected Broadly by Uncertainty of China’s Markets
Creators: name: Gale, Fred
name: Hansen, James
name: Gale, Fred
name: Hansen, James
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: agricultural outlook
subject: baseline projections
subject: China
subject: soybeans
subject: corn
subject: exports

description: Uncertainty about China’s influence on agricultural markets is an underlying theme in USDA Agricultural Projections to 2028. Tariffs, revised estimates of China’s corn supply, as well the outbreak of swine disease in China continue to be important factors in revising agricultural outlooks
Cardiovascular risk markers in patients with psoriatic arthritis: A meta-analysis of literature studies
Creators: name: Minno, Matteo Nicola Dario Di
name: Ambrosino, Pasquale
name: Lupoli, Roberta
name: Minno, Alessandro Di
name: Tasso, Marco
name: Peluso, Rosario
name: Tremoli, Elena
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
subject: Cancer
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Cell Biology

description: Introduction. Several studies reported an increased cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). We performed a meta-analysis on the impact of PsA on major markers of CV risk.Methods. Studies on the relationship between PsA and common carotid artery intima-media thickness (CCA-IMT), prevalence of carotid plaques, flow-mediated dilation (FMD), nitrate-mediated dilation (NMD), pulse wave velocity (PWV), augmentation index (AIx), and ankle-brachial index (ABI) were systematically searched in the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and EMBASE databases.Results. Sixteen case-control studies (898 cases, 1,140 controls) were included. Compared to controls, PsA patients showed a higher CCA-IMT (MD 0.07 mm; 95% CI 0.04, 0.11; P < 0.0001), and a higher frequency of carotid plaques (OR 3.12; 95% CI 1.03, 9.39; P = 0.04). Moreover, a lower FMD was found in PsA subjects than in controls (MD –2.56%; 95% CI –4.17, –0.94; P = 0.002), with no differences in NMD (MD –0.40%; 95% CI –1.19, 0.39; P = 0.32). Because of the low number of studies, no meta- analytical evaluation was performed for PWV, AIx, and ABI. Despite heterogeneity among studies, PsA appears significantly associated with markers of subclinical atherosclerosis and CV risk.Discussion. These findings could help to establish more specific CV prevention strategies in this clinical setting.
Presentation of infection in older patients—a prospective study
Creators: name: Yahav, Dafna
name: Schlesinger, Agata
name: Daitch, Vered
name: Akayzen, Yulia
name: Farbman, Laura
name: Abu-Ghanem, Yasmin
name: Mical Paul
name: Leibovici, Leonard
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computational Biology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Microbiology
subject: Medicine

description: Background. Traditional wisdom suggests that infections in older patients have atypical presentation, including blunted febrile response. Data are scarce.Design. We analyzed data from a prospectively collected database on presentation of infection in 4,308 patients, and compared the presentation of older patients (≥ 75 years) versus adults (< 75 years).Settings. Single tertiary medical center.Participants. Patients admitted with suspected bacterial infection during 2002–2004 and 2010–2011.Measurements. We evaluated clinical presentation on day of admission, including vital signs and laboratory parameters.Results. No difference in fever values as a presenting sign of infection was found between older patients and adults (median fever 38.3°C, interquartile range [IQR] 37.4–39.0°C; and 38.4°C, IQR 37.3–39.0°C, respectively, P = 0.08). Median leukocyte count was significantly higher in older patients (median 11.60, IQR 8.30–15.72 in older patients; 10.84, 7.50–15.00 in adults, P < 0.001). Presentation with septic shock, acute renal failure, and reduced consciousness was significantly more common in older patients. These findings were also consistent in the subgroups of bacteremic patients and patients with microbiologically documented infection.Conclusion. Elevated fever and leukocytosis were found to be at least equally common in older patients compared to younger adults as part of the presentation of infection.
Pre-train a Discriminative Text Encoder for Dense Retrieval via Contrastive Span Prediction
Creators: name: Ma, Xinyu
name: Guo, Jiafeng
name: Zhang, Ruqing
name: Fan, Yixing
name: Cheng, Xueqi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.3.3

description: Dense retrieval has shown promising results in many information retrieval (IR) related tasks, whose foundation is high-quality text representation learning for effective search. Some recent studies have shown that autoencoder-based language models are able to boost the dense retrieval performance using a weak decoder. However, we argue that 1) it is not discriminative to decode all the input texts and, 2) even a weak decoder has the bypass effect on the encoder. Therefore, in this work, we introduce a novel contrastive span prediction task to pre-train the encoder alone, but still retain the bottleneck ability of the autoencoder. % Therefore, in this work, we propose to drop out the decoder and introduce a novel contrastive span prediction task to pre-train the encoder alone. The key idea is to force the encoder to generate the text representation close to its own random spans while far away from others using a group-wise contrastive loss. In this way, we can 1) learn discriminative text representations efficiently with the group-wise contrastive learning over spans and, 2) avoid the bypass effect of the decoder thoroughly. Comprehensive experiments over publicly available retrieval benchmark datasets show that our approach can outperform existing pre-training methods for dense retrieval significantly.
description: Accepted to SIGIR 2022
Thermal Instabilities, Oscillations, and Frequency Combs in Kerr Microresonators
Creators: name: Leshem, Amir
name: Qi, Zhen
name: Carruthers, Thomas F.
name: Menyuk, Curtis
name: Gat, Omri
Publisher: name: Optica
Year: 2022

description: Optica Advanced Photonics Congress 2022
description: In a theoretical study of dissipative heating in Kerr microresonators we show that thermal effects shift the coexistence wedge and modulational instability curve of continuous waves, so as to block access to frequency combs, and exhibit a path circumventing the obstruction. Thermal oscillations occur beyond a Hopf bifurcation curve.