cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Study of the single cluster response of a helium-isobutane drift chamber prototype using 8 keV X-rays
Creators: name: Cavoto, G.
name: Dabagov, S.
name: Hampai, D.
name: Piredda, G.
name: Renga, F.
name: Ripiccini, E.
name: Voena, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The identification of single clusters in the electronic signals produced by ionizing particles within a drift chamber is expected to significantly improve the performances of this kind of detectors in terms of particle identification capabilities and space resolution. In order to develop refined cluster recognition algorithms, it is essential to measure the response of the chamber and its electronics to single ionization clusters. This can be done by irradiating the chamber with X-rays. We report here on the studies performed on a drift chamber prototype for the MEG-II experiment at the X-ray facility of the INFN Frascati's National Laboratories "XLab Frascati". The prototype is operated with a helium-isobutane mixture and instrumented with high bandwidth custom pre-amplifiers. The results of this study have been used to develop an innovative method for cluster recognition, based on the Wiener filter technique. As a side measurement, we also performed a study of the gas gain in a configuration which is similar to that of the MEG-II experiment.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
Additional file 1 of Evaluation of lipid ratios and triglyceride-glucose index as risk markers of insulin resistance in Iranian polycystic ovary syndrome women
Creators: name: Kheirollahi, Asma
name: Teimouri, Maryam
name: Karimi, Mehrdad
name: Vatannejad, Akram
name: Moradi, Nariman
name: Borumandnia, Nasrin
name: Sadeghi, Asie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Hematology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. The results of ROC curve analysis regarding the predictability of the lipid profiles in classifying the IR considering (A) HOMA-IR and (B) FG-IR in the patients with PCOS.
Improving Photoelectron Counting and Particle Identification in Scintillation Detectors with Bayesian Techniques
Creators: name: Akashi-Ronquest, M.
name: Amaudruz, P. -A.
name: Batygov, M.
name: Beltran, B.
name: Bodmer, M.
name: Boulay, M. G.
name: Broerman, B.
name: Buck, B.
name: Butcher, A.
name: Cai, B.
name: Caldwell, T.
name: Chen, M.
name: Chen, Y.
name: Cleveland, B.
name: Coakley, K.
name: Dering, K.
name: Duncan, F. A.
name: Formaggio, J. A.
name: Gagnon, R.
name: Gastler, D.
name: Giuliani, F.
name: Gold, M.
name: Golovko, V. V.
name: Gorel, P.
name: Graham, K.
name: Grace, E.
name: Guerrero, N.
name: Guiseppe, V.
name: Hallin, A. L.
name: Harvey, P.
name: Hearns, C.
name: Henning, R.
name: Hime, A.
name: Hofgartner, J.
name: Jaditz, S.
name: Jillings, C. J.
name: Kachulis, C.
name: Kearns, E.
name: Kelsey, J.
name: Klein, J. R.
name: Kuzniak, M.
name: LaTorre, A.
name: Lawson, I.
name: Li, O.
name: Lidgard, J. J.
name: Liimatainen, P.
name: Linden, S.
name: McFarlane, K.
name: McKinsey, D. N.
name: MacMullin, S.
name: Mastbaum, A.
name: Mathew, R.
name: McDonald, A. B.
name: Mei, D. -M.
name: Monroe, J.
name: Muir, A.
name: Nantais, C.
name: Nicolics, K.
name: Nikkel, J. A.
name: Noble, T.
name: O'Dwyer, E.
name: Olsen, K.
name: Gann, G. D. Orebi
name: Ouellet, C.
name: Palladino, K.
name: Pasuthip, P.
name: Perumpilly, G.
name: Pollmann, T.
name: Rau, P.
name: Retiere, F.
name: Rielage, K.
name: Schnee, R.
name: Seibert, S.
name: Skensved, P.
name: Sonley, T.
name: Vazquez-Jauregui, E.
name: Veloce, L.
name: Walding, J.
name: Wang, B.
name: Wang, J.
name: Ward, M.
name: Zhang, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many current and future dark matter and neutrino detectors are designed to measure scintillation light with a large array of photomultiplier tubes (PMTs). The energy resolution and particle identification capabilities of these detectors depend in part on the ability to accurately identify individual photoelectrons in PMT waveforms despite large variability in pulse amplitudes and pulse pileup. We describe a Bayesian technique that can identify the times of individual photoelectrons in a sampled PMT waveform without deconvolution, even when pileup is present. To demonstrate the technique, we apply it to the general problem of particle identification in single-phase liquid argon dark matter detectors. Using the output of the Bayesian photoelectron counting algorithm described in this paper, we construct several test statistics for rejection of backgrounds for dark matter searches in argon. Compared to simpler methods based on either observed charge or peak finding, the photoelectron counting technique improves both energy resolution and particle identification of low energy events in calibration data from the DEAP-1 detector and simulation of the larger MiniCLEAN dark matter detector.
description: 16 pages, 16 figures
Boundary Fidelity and Entanglement in the symmetry protected topological phase of the SSH model
Creators: name: Sirker, J.
name: Maiti, M.
name: Konstantinidis, N. P.
name: Sedlmayr, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed study of the fidelity, the entanglement entropy, and the entanglement spectrum, for a dimerized chain of spinless fermions---a simplified Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) model---with open boundary conditions which is a well-known example for a model supporting a symmetry protected topological (SPT) phase. In the non-interacting case the Hamiltonian matrix is tridiagonal and the eigenvalues and -vectors can be given explicitly as a function of a single parameter which is known analytically for odd chain lengths and can be determined numerically in the even length case. From a scaling analysis of these data for essentially semi-infinite chains we obtain the fidelity susceptibility and show that it contains a boundary contribution which is different in the topologically ordered than in the topologically trivial phase. For the entanglement spectrum and entropy we confirm predictions from massive field theory for a block in the middle of an infinite chain but also consider blocks containing the edge of the chain. For the latter case we show that in the SPT phase additional entanglement---as compared to the trivial phase---is present which is localized at the boundary. Finally, we extend our study to the dimerized chain with a nearest-neighbour interaction using exact diagonalization, Arnoldi, and density-matrix renormalization group methods and show that a phase transition into a topologically trivial charge-density wave phase occurs.
description: References added
Implementation of the quick-scanning EXAFS technique at DELTA beamline 10
Creators: name: Voss, Lukas
name: Paripsa, Sebastian
name: Braun, Frederic
name: Eckelt,, Franz
name: Lützenkirchen-Hecht, Dirk
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The quick-scanning EXAFS technique has been implemented at the materials science beamline 10 at the 1.5 GeV electron storage ring DELTA employing a multipole wiggler as the X-ray source. A mechanically stable Si(111) channel-cut monochromator was used for fast continuous energy scans in the range from ca. 4.5 keV to 14 keV covering the K-edges from Ti to Br, and the L-edges from Cs to Bi, with a simultaneous read-out of the detectors, i.e., ionization chambers and photodiodes for transmission and fluorescence mode measurements. The experiments have shown that high-quality EXAFS data can be achieved on time scales of slightly more than 30 seconds for a high-quality EXAFS scan extending over 1500 eV and more, while near edge XANES data covering about 100 eV only take 1-2 seconds with a high repetition rate scanning up-and downwards in energy. We will present a detailed quantitative evaluation of Quick-EXAFS experiments of metal reference foils revealing no systematic variations of the fit quality, the determined distances of the nearest neighbors, the value of the amplitude reduction factor and the disorder parameters for the first shells.Thus, the new experimental capabilities allow extended scans of multi-element samples such as high-entropy-alloys (HEA) encompassing several absorption edges within some few minutes acquisition time only. We will describe experimental setup, discuss the collected data and present some very first examples, where the new capabilities are demonstrated. Finally we will give an outline for future experiments.
Shape-controlled orientation and assembly of colloids with sharp edges in nematic liquid crystals
Creators: name: Beller, Daniel A.
name: Gharbi, Mohamed A.
name: Liu, Iris B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The assembly of colloids in nematic liquid crystals via topological defects has been extensively studied for spherical particles, and investigations of other colloid shapes have revealed a wide array of new assembly behaviors. We show, using Landau-de Gennes numerical modeling, that nematic defect configurations and colloidal assembly can be strongly influenced by fine details of colloid shape, in particular the presence of sharp edges. For cylinder, microbullet, and cube colloid geometries, we obtain the particles' equilibrium alignment directions and effective pair interaction potentials as a function of simple shape parameters. We find that defects pin at sharp edges, and that the colloid consequently orients at an oblique angle relative to the far-field nematic director that depends on the colloid's shape. This shape-dependent alignment, which we confirm in experimental measurements, raises the possibility of selecting self-assembly outcomes for colloids in liquid crystals by tuning particle geometry.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 1 of In situ virtual restoration of artifacts by imaging technology
Creators: name: Qiao, Chengquan
name: Wenwen Zhang
name: Decai Gong
name: Yuxuan Gong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Questionnaire on the evaluation of virtual imaging restoration.
The impact of mass-loss on the evolution and pre-supernova properties of red supergiants
Creators: name: Meynet, G.
name: Chomienne, V.
name: Ekström, S.
name: Georgy, C.
name: Granada, A.
name: Groh, J.
name: Maeder, A.
name: Eggenberger, P.
name: Levesque, E.
name: Massey, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The post main-sequence evolution of massive stars is very sensitive to many parameters of the stellar models. Key parameters are the mixing processes, the metallicity, the mass-loss rate and the effect of a close companion. We study how the red supergiant lifetimes, the tracks in the Hertzsprung-Russel diagram (HRD), the positions in this diagram of the pre-supernova progenitor as well as the structure of the stars at that time change for various mass-loss rates during the red supergiant phase (RSG), and for two different initial rotation velocities. The surface abundances of RSGs are much more sensitive to rotation than to the mass-loss rates during that phase. A change of the RSG mass-loss rate has a strong impact on the RSG lifetimes and therefore on the luminosity function of RSGs. At solar metallicity, the enhanced mass-loss rate models do produce significant changes on the populations of blue, yellow and red supergiants. When extended blue loops or blue ward excursions are produced by enhanced mass-loss, the models predict that a majority of blue (yellow) supergiants are post RSG objects. These post RSG stars are predicted to show much smaller surface rotational velocities than similar blue supergiants on their first crossing of the HR gap. The position in the HRD of the end point of the evolution depends on the mass of the hydrogen envelope. More precisely, whenever, at the pre-supernova stage, the H-rich envelope contains more than about 5\% of the initial mass, the star is a red supergiant, and whenever the H-rich envelope contains less than 1\% of the total mass the star is a blue supergiant. For intermediate situations, intermediate colors/effective temperatures are obtained. Yellow progenitors for core collapse supernovae can be explained by the enhanced mass-loss rate models, while the red progenitors are better fitted by the standard mass-loss rate models.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures, 6 tables, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
title: Изучение зависимости ЭДС аккумулятора от концентрации раствора электролита
Creators: name: Битюков, Глеб
name: Топало, Александр
name: Шестун, Павел
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2022

description: В данной статье рассматривается зависимость напряжения аккумулятора от концентрации электролита с катионом металла восстановителя. В бытовой технике часто используются батареи гальванических элементов. Для переносных электроустройств зачастую требуется ЭДС в несколько вольт. Увеличив напряжение
гальванического элемента, можно убрать этот недостаток и использовать один аккумулятор вместо батареи и тем самым уменьшить размер устройства и количество используемых гальванических элементов. На производительность аккумуляторов влияет температура аккумулятора, изменение температуры, концентрация электролитов, материалы, форма и размеры электродов. Электролиты бывают в виде водных растворов и
расплавов. В данной статье используются водные растворы. Чем выше температура, площадь поверхности электродов и разница между концентрацией электролита с катионами металла-окислителя и катионами металла-восстановителя, тем выше ЭДС аккумулятора.
Modeling diffusional coarsening in eutectic tin/lead solders: A quantitative approach
Creators: name: Dreyer, Wolfgang
name: Müller, Wolfgang H.
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Diffusion
subject: phase transition
subject: interface problems
subject: initial value problems for higher order parabolic equations
subject: boundary value problems for higher order parabolic equations
subject: 76R50
subject: 82B26
subject: 82B24
subject: 35K30
subject: 35K35

description: This paper presents a quantitative simulation of the phase separation and coarsening phenomenon in eutectic tin/lead (SnPb) solders. The computer modeling is based on continuum theory and field phase models which were evaluated using the most recently available data for the free energy of the tin/lead system, diffusional and mobility coefficients, elastic constants as well as surface tensions of both phases. The model presented allows to study the influence as well as the interaction between classical diffusion of the Fickean type, surface energies according to Cahn and Hilliard, as well as stresses and strains on phase separation and coarsening. An attempt is made to compare the temporal development of a eutectic SnPb microstructure at different temperature levels and subjected to different stress levels as predicted by the model to actual experiments.
"AK4_cor_coef.txt" of "Measurement of the double-differential inclusive jet cross section in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV"
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: HEPData
Year: 2016

description: Correlation matrices for the cross section measurement (AK4 jets)
description: CERN-LHC. A measurement of the double-differential inclusive jet cross section as a function of jet transverse momentum pT and absolute jet rapidity |y| is presented. The analysis is based on proton-proton collisions collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The data samples correspond to integrated luminosities of 71 and 44 inverse-picobarns for |y|< 3 and 3.2 < |y| < 4.7, respectively. Jets are reconstructed with the anti-kt clustering algorithm for two jet sizes, R, of 0.7 and 0.4, in a phase space region covering jet pT up to 2 TeV and jet rapidity up to |y| = 4.7. Predictions of perturbative quantum chromodynamics at next-to-leading order precision, complemented with electroweak and nonperturbative corrections, are used to compute the absolute scale and the shape of the inclusive jet cross section. The cross section difference in R, when going to a smaller jet size of 0.4, is best described by Monte Carlo event generators with next-to-leading order predictions matched to parton showering, hadronisation, and multiparton interactions. In the phase space accessible with the new data, this measurement provides a first indication that jet physics is as well understood at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV as at smaller centre-of-mass energies.
Additional file 2 of Risk scores for predicting early antiretroviral therapy mortality in sub-Saharan Africa to inform who needs intensification of care: a derivation and external validation cohort study
Creators: name: Auld, Andrew F.
name: Fielding, Katherine
name: Tefera Agizew
name: Maida, Alice
name: Anikie Mathoma
name: Boyd, Rosanna
name: Date, Anand
name: Pals, Sherri L.
name: Bicego, George
name: Yuliang Liu
name: Shiraishi, Ray W.
name: Ehrenkranz, Peter
name: Serumola, Christopher
name: Unami Mathebula
name: Alexander, Heather
name: Charalambous, Salome
name: Emerson, Courtney
name: Goabaone Rankgoane-Pono
name: Pontsho Pono
name: Finlay, Alyssa
name: Shepherd, James C.
name: Holmes, Charles
name: Ellerbrock, Tedd V.
name: Grant, Alison D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Text showing XPRES enrollment and follow-up procedures.
On the Dynamics of Single Mode Lasers with Passive Dispersive Reflector
Creators: name: Henneberger, Fritz
name: Schneider, Klaus R.
name: Sieber, Jan
name: Tronciu, Vasile Z.
name: Wünsche, Hans-Jürgen
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Semiconductor laser
subject: DFB lasers
subject: Self-Pulsations
subject: 78A60
subject: 78-05
subject: 78A55

description: For passive dispersive reflector (PDR) lasers we investigate a single mode model containing two functions characterizing the influence of the PDR. We study numerically the effect of the shape of these functions on the existence and robustness of self-pulsations. The possibility of tuning the frequency and modulation depth of the self-pulsations has been demonstrated.
An adaptive, rate-optimal test of a parametric model against a nonparametric alternative
Creators: name: Horowitz, Joel L.
name: Spokoiny, Vladimir G.
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Hypothesis testing
subject: local alternative
subject: uniform consistency
subject: asymptotic power
subject: 62G10
subject: 62G20

description: We develop a new test of a parametric model of a conditional mean function against a nonparametric alternative. The test adapts to the unknown smoothness of the alternative model and is uniformly consistent against alternatives whose distance from the parametric model converges to zero at the fastest possible rate. This rate is slower than n-1/2. Some existing tests have non-trivial power against restricted classes of alternatives whose distance from the parametric model decreases at the rate n-1/2 . There are, however, sequences of alternatives against which these tests are inconsistent and ours is consistent. As a consequence, there are alternative models for which the finite-sample power of our test greatly exceeds that of existing tests. This conclusion is illustrated by the results of some Monte Carlo experiments.
title: IT-basierte Unterstützung virtueller und realer Selbsthilfegemeinschaften in Katastrophenlagen
Creators: name: Heger, Oliver
name: Reuter, Christian
Publisher: name: Association for Information Systems AIS
Year: 2023

description: Social Media wird zunehmend von Betroffenen und Selbsthilfegemeinschaften in Katastrophenlagen genutzt. In diesem Beitrag werden Studien zu ‚virtuellen‘ und ‚realen‘ Selbsthilfeaktivitäten dargestellt. Untersucht wurden zum einen ‚virtuelle‘ Selbsthilfeaktivitäten in Twitter während der Tornadokatastrophe in den USA am 27./28.4.2011 mit besonderem Fokus auf die zeitlichen Verläufe und Nutzergruppen; zum anderen ‚reale‘ Selbsthilfe anhand Interviews mit Behörden und Organisationen mit Sicherheitsaufgaben (BOS). Hierauf aufbauend werden Gestaltungsaspekte und Anforderungen für Social Media zur Unterstützung von Krisenhelfern bzw. Selbst- und Nachbarschaftshilfe und zur Kombination von virtuellen und realen Aktivitäten im Katastrophenmanagement diskutiert.
Additional file 7 of Risk scores for predicting early antiretroviral therapy mortality in sub-Saharan Africa to inform who needs intensification of care: a derivation and external validation cohort study
Creators: name: Auld, Andrew F.
name: Fielding, Katherine
name: Tefera Agizew
name: Maida, Alice
name: Anikie Mathoma
name: Boyd, Rosanna
name: Date, Anand
name: Pals, Sherri L.
name: Bicego, George
name: Yuliang Liu
name: Shiraishi, Ray W.
name: Ehrenkranz, Peter
name: Serumola, Christopher
name: Unami Mathebula
name: Alexander, Heather
name: Charalambous, Salome
name: Emerson, Courtney
name: Goabaone Rankgoane-Pono
name: Pontsho Pono
name: Finlay, Alyssa
name: Shepherd, James C.
name: Holmes, Charles
name: Ellerbrock, Tedd V.
name: Grant, Alison D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 7. Tables showing performance of clinical score in derivation and validation datasets for Models A (excluding CD4) and B (including CD4).
"AK7_cor_coef.txt" of "Measurement of the double-differential inclusive jet cross section in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV"
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: HEPData
Year: 2016

description: Correlation matrices for the cross section measurement (AK7 jets)
description: CERN-LHC. A measurement of the double-differential inclusive jet cross section as a function of jet transverse momentum pT and absolute jet rapidity |y| is presented. The analysis is based on proton-proton collisions collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The data samples correspond to integrated luminosities of 71 and 44 inverse-picobarns for |y|< 3 and 3.2 < |y| < 4.7, respectively. Jets are reconstructed with the anti-kt clustering algorithm for two jet sizes, R, of 0.7 and 0.4, in a phase space region covering jet pT up to 2 TeV and jet rapidity up to |y| = 4.7. Predictions of perturbative quantum chromodynamics at next-to-leading order precision, complemented with electroweak and nonperturbative corrections, are used to compute the absolute scale and the shape of the inclusive jet cross section. The cross section difference in R, when going to a smaller jet size of 0.4, is best described by Monte Carlo event generators with next-to-leading order predictions matched to parton showering, hadronisation, and multiparton interactions. In the phase space accessible with the new data, this measurement provides a first indication that jet physics is as well understood at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV as at smaller centre-of-mass energies.
Link overlap, viability, and mutual percolation in multiplex networks
Creators: name: Min, Byungjoon
name: Lee, Sangchul
name: Lee, Kyu-Min
name: Goh, K. -I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many real-world complex systems are best modeled by multiplex networks. The multiplexity has proved to have broad impact on the system's structure and function. Most theoretical studies on multiplex networks to date, however, have largely ignored the effect of link overlap across layers despite strong empirical evidences for its significance. In this article, we investigate the effect of link overlap in the viability of multiplex networks, both analytically and numerically. Distinctive role of overlapping links in viability and mutual connectivity is emphasized and exploited for setting up proper analytic framework. A rich phase diagram for viability is obtained and greatly diversified patterns of hysteretic behavior in viability are observed in the presence of link overlap. Mutual percolation with link overlap is revisited as a limit of multiplex viability problem, and controversy between existing results is clarified. The distinctive role of overlapping links is further demonstrated by the different responses of networks under random removals of overlapping and non-overlapping links, respectively, as well as under several removal strategies. Our results show that the link overlap strongly facilitates viability and mutual percolation; at the same time, the presence of link overlap poses challenge in analytical approach to the problem.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
On boundary conditions for multidimensional sedimentation-consolidation processes in closed vessels
Creators: name: Bürger, Raimund
name: Kunik, Matthias
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Sedimentation-consolidation process
subject: flocculated suspension
subject: boundary conditions
subject: inclined walls
subject: Boycott effect
subject: 35K65
subject: 35Q30
subject: 76A99
subject: 76T05

description: The two-phase flow of a flocculated suspension in a closed settling vessel with inclined walls is investigated within the phenomenological theory of sedimentation-consolidation processes. We formulate possible wall boundary conditions and use these conditions to derive spatially one-dimensional field equations for planar flows and flows which are symmetric with respect to the vertical axis. For both kinds of flows we assume a general geometry of the sedimentation vessel and include the study of a compressible sediment layer. We analyze the special cases of a conical vessel, a roof-shaped vessel and a vessel with parallel inclined walls. The case of a small initial time and a large time for the final consolidation state leads to explicit expressions for the flow fields. From a mathematical point of view, the resulting initial-boundary value problems are well posed and can be solved numerically by a simple adaptation of one of the newly developed numerical schemes for strongly degenerate convection-diffusion problems. However, from a physical point of view, both the analytical and numerical results rise doubts concerning the validity of the general field equations. In particular, the strongly reduced form of the linear momentum balance seems to be an oversimplification. Included in our discussion as a special case are the Kynch theory and well-known analyses of sedimentation in vessels with inclined walls within the framework of kinematic waves, which exhibit similar shortcomings.
New exact ground states for one-dimensional quantum many-body systems
Creators: name: Koprucki, Thomas
name: Wagner, Heinz-Jürgen
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: ground state
subject: wave functions of product type
subject: Calogero-Sutherland systems
subject: 81Q05
subject: 81V70

description: We consider one-dimensional quantum many-body systems with pair interactions in external fields and (re)investigate the conditions under which exact ground state wave functions of product type can be found. Contrary to a claim in the literature that an exhaustive list of such systems is already known, we show that this list can still be enlarged considerably. In particular, we are able to calculate exact ground state wave functions for a class of quantum many-body systems with Ax-2 + Bx2 interaction potentials and external potentials given by sixth-order polynomials.
"AK4SystematicUncertainties_v2.txt" of "Measurement of the double-differential inclusive jet cross section in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV"
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: HEPData
Year: 2016

description: Detailed systematics for the cross section measurement (AK4 jets))
description: CERN-LHC. A measurement of the double-differential inclusive jet cross section as a function of jet transverse momentum pT and absolute jet rapidity |y| is presented. The analysis is based on proton-proton collisions collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The data samples correspond to integrated luminosities of 71 and 44 inverse-picobarns for |y|< 3 and 3.2 < |y| < 4.7, respectively. Jets are reconstructed with the anti-kt clustering algorithm for two jet sizes, R, of 0.7 and 0.4, in a phase space region covering jet pT up to 2 TeV and jet rapidity up to |y| = 4.7. Predictions of perturbative quantum chromodynamics at next-to-leading order precision, complemented with electroweak and nonperturbative corrections, are used to compute the absolute scale and the shape of the inclusive jet cross section. The cross section difference in R, when going to a smaller jet size of 0.4, is best described by Monte Carlo event generators with next-to-leading order predictions matched to parton showering, hadronisation, and multiparton interactions. In the phase space accessible with the new data, this measurement provides a first indication that jet physics is as well understood at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV as at smaller centre-of-mass energies.
Metal-insulator transition of the reduced surface of yttria-stabilized zirconia near Pt electrodes
Creators: name: Siegel, D. A.
name: Gabaly, F. El
name: McCarty, K. F.
name: Bartelt, N. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electrochemical reactions of solid oxide fuel cells occur in the region where gas-phase species, electrode, and electrolyte coincide. When the electrode is an ionic insulator and the electrolyte is an electronic insulator, this `triple phase boundary' is assumed to have atomic dimensions. Here we use photoemission electron microscopy to show that the reduced surface of the electrolyte yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) undergoes a metal-insulator transition near Pt negative electrodes. YSZ's electron conducting region functions as an extended triple phase boundary that can be many microns in size, depending on oxygen pressure, temperature, applied voltage, and time.
description: A short Supplemental Information has been included at the end of the file
"AK7SystematicUncertainties_v2.txt" of "Measurement of the double-differential inclusive jet cross section in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV"
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: HEPData
Year: 2016

description: Detailed systematics for the cross section measurement (AK7 jets))
description: CERN-LHC. A measurement of the double-differential inclusive jet cross section as a function of jet transverse momentum pT and absolute jet rapidity |y| is presented. The analysis is based on proton-proton collisions collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The data samples correspond to integrated luminosities of 71 and 44 inverse-picobarns for |y|< 3 and 3.2 < |y| < 4.7, respectively. Jets are reconstructed with the anti-kt clustering algorithm for two jet sizes, R, of 0.7 and 0.4, in a phase space region covering jet pT up to 2 TeV and jet rapidity up to |y| = 4.7. Predictions of perturbative quantum chromodynamics at next-to-leading order precision, complemented with electroweak and nonperturbative corrections, are used to compute the absolute scale and the shape of the inclusive jet cross section. The cross section difference in R, when going to a smaller jet size of 0.4, is best described by Monte Carlo event generators with next-to-leading order predictions matched to parton showering, hadronisation, and multiparton interactions. In the phase space accessible with the new data, this measurement provides a first indication that jet physics is as well understood at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV as at smaller centre-of-mass energies.
COVID-19 and Digital Divide_ The Fate of School Children in Sabah_Rashid Ating (SHAPE-SEA Commentary).docx
Creators: name: Ating, Rashid
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Applications in social sciences and education

description: Over the past one year since the outbreak of COVID-19, the mode of delivery for education has been shifted, from physical to e-learning class. Like any other states in Malaysia, Sabah also embraces the implementation of e-learning. The 2019 Household Expenditure Survey Report issued by the Department of Statistic Malaysia (DOSM) revealed that Sabah is among the poorest states in Malaysia with the lowest mean of household consumption expenditure compared with other states. On top of that, the same study also revealed that the percentage of absolute poverty1 is the highest in Malaysia, at a total of 19.5% (DOSM, 2019). This directly impacted on the children’s access to education. Prior to this, some of the existing problems that the Sabahan students faced were Internet connectivity, insufficient number of teachers, and the lack of school facilities. COVID-19 has nevertheless worsened the situation.
Additional file 1 of Risk scores for predicting early antiretroviral therapy mortality in sub-Saharan Africa to inform who needs intensification of care: a derivation and external validation cohort study
Creators: name: Auld, Andrew F.
name: Fielding, Katherine
name: Tefera Agizew
name: Maida, Alice
name: Anikie Mathoma
name: Boyd, Rosanna
name: Date, Anand
name: Pals, Sherri L.
name: Bicego, George
name: Yuliang Liu
name: Shiraishi, Ray W.
name: Ehrenkranz, Peter
name: Serumola, Christopher
name: Unami Mathebula
name: Alexander, Heather
name: Charalambous, Salome
name: Emerson, Courtney
name: Goabaone Rankgoane-Pono
name: Pontsho Pono
name: Finlay, Alyssa
name: Shepherd, James C.
name: Holmes, Charles
name: Ellerbrock, Tedd V.
name: Grant, Alison D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Table showing HIV care clinical follow-up of clients in the Botswana XPRES cohort (2010–2015).
Catalytic and mutually catalytic super-Brownian motions
Creators: name: Dawson, Donald A.
name: Fleischmann, Klaus
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Mutually catalytic branching
subject: catalytic super-random walk
subject: catalyst
subject: reactant
subject: superprocess
subject: measure-valued branching
subject: absolute continuity
subject: collision measure
subject: collision local time
subject: self-similarity
subject: martingale problem
subject: segregation of types
subject: coexistence of types
subject: self-duality
subject: finite time extinction
subject: ultimate extinction
subject: biodiversity
subject: cyclic reaction
subject: 60K35
subject: 60G57
subject: 60J80

description: Catalytic branching processes describe the evolution of two types of material (populations) called catalyst and reactant. The catalyst evolves autonomously, but catalyzes the reactant. The individuals of both populations share the features of motion, growth and death. In mutually catalytic models however there is an additional feedback from the reactant to the catalyst destroying completely the basic independence assumption of branching theory. Recent results for continuum models of this type are surveyed.
Divergence of an orbital-angular-momentum-carrying beam upon propagation
Creators: name: Padgett, Miles J.
name: Miatto, Filippo M.
name: Lavery, Martin
name: Zeilinger, Anton
name: Boyd, Robert W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is recent interest in the use of light beams carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) for creating multiple channels within free-space optical communication systems. One limiting issue is that, for a given beam size at the transmitter, the beam divergence angle increases with increasing OAM, thus requiring a larger aperture at the receiving optical system if the efficiency of detection is to be maintained. Confusion exists as to whether this divergence scales linarly with, or with the square root of, the beam's OAM. We clarify how both these scaling laws are valid, depending upon whether it is the radius of the Gaussian beam waist or the rms intensity which is kept constant while varying the OAM.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Optimal discretization of inverse problems in Hilbert scales. Regularization and self-regularization of projection methods
Creators: name: Mathé, Peter
name: Pereverzev, Sergei V.
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Ill-posed problems
subject: inverse estimation
subject: operator equations
subject: Gaussian white noise
subject: information complexity
subject: 62G05
subject: 65J10

description: We study the efficiency of the approximate solution of ill-posed problems, based on discretized observations, which we assume to be given afore-hand. We restrict ourselves to problems which can be formulated in Hilbert scales. Within this framework we shall quantify the degree of ill-posedness, provide general conditions on projection schemes to achieve the best possible order of accuracy. We pay particular attention on the problem of self-regularization vs. Tikhonov regularization. Moreover, we study the information complexity. Asymptotically, any method, which achieves the best possible order of accuracy must use at least such amount of noisy observations. We accomplish our study with two specific problems, Abel's integral equation and the recovery of continuous functions from noisy coefficients with respect to a given orthonormal system, both classical ill-posed problems.
Sur les arches lipschitziennes
Creators: name: Sprekels, Jürgen
name: Tiba, Dan
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Kirchhoff-Love model
subject: variational approach
subject: explicit solution
subject: 49J40
subject: 34B10
subject: 93C15
subject: 34A05

description: We study the Kirchhoff-Love model in the case when the middle curve of the arch has corners. Our approach does not use the Dirichlet principle or the Korn inequality. We propose a variational formulation based on optimal control theory and we obtain explicit formulas for the deformation.
title: Entwicklung IT-basierter interorganisationaler Krisenmanagement-Infrastrukturen für Stromausfälle
Creators: name: Wiedenhoefer, Torben
name: Reuter, Christian
name: Ley, Benedikt
name: Pipek, Volkmar
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V
Year: 2022

description: Große Stromausfälle, wie beispielsweise der Ausfall der Stromversorgung im Nordosten der USA (2003) oder der Ausfall in weiten Teilen von West-Europa (2005), machen die fundamentale Bedeutung von Strom in unserem täglichen Leben deutlich. Sie zeigen auch, welche wichtige Rolle die Kooperation und Zusammenarbeit zwischen allen Beteiligten der Bewältigungs- und Wiederherstellungsarbeit spielt. Die Erfahrungen aus diesen Ausfällen legen nahe, dass Stromnetzbetreiber, Feuerwehr, Polizei, Behörden und Bürger einer Vielzahl von unterschiedlichen Herausforderungen in der interorganisationalen Kommunikation und innerhalb von Informations- und Koordinierungsprozessen gegenüberstehen. Ziel des Forschungsprojekts "InfoStrom", welches vom Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung seit 2010 und bis Ende 2013 gefördert wird, ist die Entwicklung von Konzepten, um diese Zusammenarbeit zu unterstützten und letztlich zu verbessern. In diesem Beitrag werden potentielle Fragen und zukünftige Themen und erzielte Ergebnisse dargestellt, die sich auf die benutzerzentrierte Technologieentwicklung im Krisenmanagement und auf domain-spezifische Probleme, wie die Verbesserung der Integration von Bürgern in das Krisenmanagement, den Umgang mit Informationsunsicherheiten oder die Unterstützung des interorganisationalen Lernens, beziehen.
Structural tests in additive regression
Creators: name: Härdle, Wolfgang
name: Sperlich, Stefan
name: Spokoiny, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Additive models
subject: Component analysis
subject: Haar basis
subject: Hypothesis testing
subject: Nonparametric alternative
subject: Regression
subject: 62H25
subject: 62G10

description: We consider the component analysis problem for a regression model with an additive structure. The problem is to test if some of the additive components is of polynomial structure, e.g. linear, without specifying the structure of the remaining components. A particular case is the problem of selecting the significant covariates. The presented method is based on the wavelet transform using the Haar basis, which allows for applications under mild conditions on the design and smoothness of the regression function. The results demonstrate that each component of the model can be tested with the rate corresponding to the case if all the remaining components were known. The proposed procedure is also computationally straightforward. Simulation results and a real data example about female labor supply demonstrate the good performance of the test.
Entropic cosmology in a dissipative universe
Creators: name: Komatsu, Nobuyoshi
name: Kimura, Shigeo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The bulk viscosity of cosmological fluid and the creation of cold dark matter both result in the generation of irreversible entropy (related to dissipative processes) in a homogeneous and isotropic universe. To consider such effects, the general cosmological equations are reformulated, focusing on a spatially flat matter-dominated universe. A phenomenological entropic-force model is examined that includes constant terms as a function of the dissipation rate ranging from $\tildeμ =0$, corresponding to a nondissipative $Λ$CDM (lambda cold dark matter) model, to $\tildeμ =1$, corresponding to a fully-dissipative CCDM (creation of cold dark matter) model. A time evolution equation is derived for the matter density contrast, in order to characterize density perturbations in the present entropic-force model. It is found that the dissipation rate affects the density perturbations even if the background evolution of the late universe is equivalent to that of a fine-tuned pure $Λ$CDM model. With increasing dissipation rate $\tildeμ$, the calculated growth rate for the clustering gradually deviates from observations, especially at low redshifts. However, the growth rate for low $\tildeμ$ (less than 0.1) is found to agree well with measurements. A low-dissipation model predicts a smaller growth rate than does the pure $Λ$CDM model (for which $\tildeμ =0$). More detailed data are needed to distinguish the low-dissipation model from the pure $Λ$CDM one.
description: Final version accepted for publication in PRD. References are corrected. [14 pages, 7 figures]
Additional file 4 of Risk scores for predicting early antiretroviral therapy mortality in sub-Saharan Africa to inform who needs intensification of care: a derivation and external validation cohort study
Creators: name: Auld, Andrew F.
name: Fielding, Katherine
name: Tefera Agizew
name: Maida, Alice
name: Anikie Mathoma
name: Boyd, Rosanna
name: Date, Anand
name: Pals, Sherri L.
name: Bicego, George
name: Yuliang Liu
name: Shiraishi, Ray W.
name: Ehrenkranz, Peter
name: Serumola, Christopher
name: Unami Mathebula
name: Alexander, Heather
name: Charalambous, Salome
name: Emerson, Courtney
name: Goabaone Rankgoane-Pono
name: Pontsho Pono
name: Finlay, Alyssa
name: Shepherd, James C.
name: Holmes, Charles
name: Ellerbrock, Tedd V.
name: Grant, Alison D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4. Table showing Hosmer-Lemeshow tests for calibration of final models A (CD4 excluded) and B (CD4 included).
Sharp weights in the Cauchy problem for nonlinear Schrodinger equations with potential
Creators: name: Carles, Rémi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review different properties related to the Cauchy problem for the (nonlinear) Schrodinger equation with a smooth potential. For energy-subcritical nonlinearities and at most quadratic potentials, we investigate the necessary decay in space in order for the Cauchy problem to be locally (and globally) well-posed. The characterization of the minimal decay is different in the case of super-quadratic potentials.
description: 8 pages, Corollary 3.5 is now a bit more general
Additional file 6 of Risk scores for predicting early antiretroviral therapy mortality in sub-Saharan Africa to inform who needs intensification of care: a derivation and external validation cohort study
Creators: name: Auld, Andrew F.
name: Fielding, Katherine
name: Tefera Agizew
name: Maida, Alice
name: Anikie Mathoma
name: Boyd, Rosanna
name: Date, Anand
name: Pals, Sherri L.
name: Bicego, George
name: Yuliang Liu
name: Shiraishi, Ray W.
name: Ehrenkranz, Peter
name: Serumola, Christopher
name: Unami Mathebula
name: Alexander, Heather
name: Charalambous, Salome
name: Emerson, Courtney
name: Goabaone Rankgoane-Pono
name: Pontsho Pono
name: Finlay, Alyssa
name: Shepherd, James C.
name: Holmes, Charles
name: Ellerbrock, Tedd V.
name: Grant, Alison D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 6 Table showing multivariable model and clinical score generation from the derivation dataset with heart rate replacing the measured temperature variable (N = 2838).