Cerodontha (Poemyza) saintandrewsensis Eiseman & Lonsdale & Feldman 2019, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Eiseman, Charles S.
name: Lonsdale, Owen
name: Feldman, Tracy S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Agromyzidae
Cerodontha

description: Cerodontha (Poemyza) saintandrewsensis spec. nov.
(Figs. 13–14, 39, 82–89)
Holotype. NORTH CAROLINA: Scotland Co., Laurinburg, St. Andrews University, 2.vi.2017, em. 2–7.vii.2017, T.S. Feldman, ex Arundinaria tecta, # CSE3888, CNC939761 (1♂).
Paratypes. Same data as holotype, CNC939760, CNC939762-939764 (2♂ 1♀ 1 puparium, CNC).
Etymology. This species is named for the type locality, St. Andrews University in Laurinburg, North Carolina.
Host. Poaceae: Arundinaria tecta (Walter) Muhl.
Leaf mine. (Fig. 39) A greenish blotch containing several larvae, with frass in scattered dark grains. As with the mine of Agromyza arundinariae it is initially relatively narrow and at first proceeds distally, then reverses direction; however, it may begin at the center of the leaf rather than near the margin.
Puparium. (Fig. 14) Elongate, brown, with prominent Y-shaped posterior spiracular horns; formed within the mine.
Distribution. USA: NC.
Adult description. Wing length 2.3–2.4 mm (♂), 2.2–2.3 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M 4 divided by penultimate section: 1.1–1.3. Costa extending to M 1. Eye height divided by gena height: 10.0–12.5. First flagellomere small, rounded. Frontal vitta minutely textured. Orbital plate nearly ¼ width of frons. Ocellar triangle round, not much larger than tubercle. Lunule subtriangular, sides converging dorsally with broad, truncated apex; width? height; minutely and shallowly pitted, smoother ventromedially. Buccal cavity with dense, black spicules between arms of clypeus. Subshining, thorax with slightly denser dusting of fine pruinosity.
Chaetotaxy: Two ors, two ori. Ocellar setae short, numerous. Postvertical and ocellar setae subequal to ors. Two dorsocentral setae, anterior seta approximately? length. Acrostichal seta absent. Acrostichal setulae in approximately six to seven irregular rows. Mid tibia with one posteromedial seta.
Coloration: (Fig. 13) Setae black. Body mostly dark brown; pedicel with orange tint and distal margin strongly orange; frontal vitta and gena with beige tint, inner margin of orbital plate beige, face mottled beige; postalar wall with faded whitish-yellow area; calypter margin yellow, hairs darker yellow, golden; wing veins light yellow at base, on crossveins, CuA, and M 1 to midpoint of ultimate section; femora apices light yellow with spot almost as long as wide on fore leg, shorter on mid leg, and faded and narrow on hind leg; base of fore tibia light yellow.
Genitalia: (Figs. 82–89) Epandrium slightly produced posteroventrally; with bare, rounded supra-anal process that is longer than wide and constricted at base; setose with denser patch of small setae on inner posteroventral surface. Surstylus small, rounded, without tubercle-like setae; directed inwards, fused to anteroventral margin of epandrium. Subepandrial sclerite widely split medially, with one inner-ventral seta; dark ventral process of sclerite with broad base curved outwards, ventral arm short, narrow, with shallow outer subapical point. Hypandrium and pregonite, small, typical of genus. Phallophorus cylindrical, distoventrally produced as elongate left ventrobasal plate that is marginally thicker, slightly upcurved apically and closely adjoining left sclerite of basiphallus. Left sclerite of basiphallus nearly linear, wrapping under shaft of phallus basally; right sclerite narrow, distal, apex exceeding base of mesophallus. Paraphallus small, lobate; right lobe clear, left lobe bifid with weak dorsal sclerotization. Hypophallus longer than basiphallus, broad and lobate; more heavily sclerotized to narrow base, with small narrow flagellum arising from desclerotized subapical section. Mesophallus stem cylindrical with darker rounded base, length five times width, with slight ventral curve; swollen apical bulb almost one third length of segment, ventrobasally bilobed, fused to distiphallus. Distiphallus split into two long tubules as long as mesophallus; tubules subparallel with membrane connecting them on basal half; slightly sinuate (lateral view) with short basal section darker and more sharply curved, middle section relatively straight, and apical third paler to clear, shallowly angled and also relatively straight; membrane adjoining apical third compressed into lightly sclerotized ventral and lateral folds that end subapically; apex with short, sclerotized cylindrical segment; distiphallus with minute, short spicules around apical sclerotized cylindrical segment and along ventral membrane on distal half. Ejaculatory apodeme almost as long as phallus, with well-developed stem and broad blade weakly sclerotized; base asymmetrical and stout; sperm pump clear.
Comments. The new species Cerodontha arundinariella and C. saintandrewsensis key to the North American C. attenuata Spencer (South Carolina and Tennessee) using Spencer & Steyskal (1986: couplet 9), as these have a high lunule that is apically truncated and minutely pitted, the bodies are mostly dark brown with the apices of the femora yellow (spot reduced on posterior legs of C. arundinariella), the calypter is pale with golden to goldenbrown hairs (light brown in some C. arundinariella), and the ratio of the penultimate and ultimate sections of vein M 4 are similar. Additional similarities include a strong male supra-anal process that is well-developed and directed dorsally (usually reduced in Poemyza Hendel), the surstylus is relatively long and strongly angled inwards, the supepandrial sclerite is bilobed with the curved ventral lobe strong and relatively long, and quite unusually, the hypophallus is large and broadly sclerotized.
Both new species differ from Cerodontha attenuata (see Spencer & Steyskal (1986: Figs. 568, 569)) in having one pair of paraphalli with the left one bilobed (not absent). Cerodontha saintandrewsensis is similar to C. attenuata in having an orange pedicel and a long mesophallus with a rounded apical bulb, but the distiphallus is shorter, straighter and with sclerotized ventrolateral folds (Figs. 88, 89). The distiphallus of C. arundinariella is more similar to that of C. attenuata, but the base is more strongly bent and the distal section more evenly arched, and the mesophallus is shorter with a narrow apical bulb (Figs. 80, 81).
description: Published as part of Eiseman, Charles S., Lonsdale, Owen & Feldman, Tracy S., 2019, Nine new species of Agromyzidae from North Carolina, USA, with new host and distribution records for additional species, pp. 301-333 in Zootaxa 4571 (3) on pages 310-311, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4571.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2612611