cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Enhanced growth and metabolite production from a novel strain of Porphyridium sp
Creators: name: Tounsi, Latifa
name: Hlima, Hajer Ben
name: Derbel, Hana
name: Duchez, David
name: Gardarin, Christine
name: Dubessay, Pascal
name: Drira, Marwa
name: Fendri, Imen
name: Michaud, Philippe
name: Abdelkafi, Slim
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Microalgae are capable of generating numerous metabolites that possess notable biological activities and hold substantial promise for various industrial applications. Nevertheless, the taxonomic diversity of these photosynthetic microorganisms has not received thorough investigation. Using the 18S rRNA encoding gene, a recently discovered strain originating from the Tunisian coast (the governorate of Mahdia) was identified as a member of the Porphyridium genus. The growth response as well as the metabolite accumulation of Porphyridium sp. to different culture media (Pm, F/2, and Hemerick) was investigated over a period of 52 days. The highest biomass production was recorded with Pm medium (2 × 107 cell/mL). The apparent growth rates (µ) and the doubling time (Dt) were about 0.081 day−1 and 12.34 days, respectively. The highest chlorophyll a (0.678 ± 0.005 pg/cell), total carotenoids (0.18 ± 0.003 pg/cell), phycoerythrin (3.88 ± 0.003 pg/cell), and proteins (14.58 ± 0.35 pg/cell) contents were observed with F/2 medium. Cultivating Porphyridium sp. in both F/2 and Hemerick media yielded similar levels of starch accumulation. The Hemerick medium has proven to be the most suitable for the production of lipids (2.23% DW) and exopolysaccharides (5.41 ± 0.56 pg/cell).
The Infrared Luminosity of Galaxy Clusters
Creators: name: Giard, Martin
name: Montier, Ludovic
name: Pointecouteau, Etienne
name: Simmat, Ellen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of this study is to quantify the infrared luminosity of clusters as a function of redshift and compare this with the X-ray luminosity. This can potentially constrain the origin of the infrared emission to be intracluster dust and/or dust heated by star formation in the cluster galaxies. We perform a statistical analysis of a large sample of galaxy clusters selected from existing databases and catalogues.We coadd the infrared IRAS and X-ray RASS images in the direction of the selected clusters within successive redshift intervals up to z = 1. We find that the total infrared luminosity is very high and on average 20 times higher than the X-ray luminosity. If all the infrared luminosity is to be attributed to emission from diffuse intracluster dust, then the IR to X-ray ratio implies a dust-to-gas mass abundance of 5e-4. However, the infrared luminosity shows a strong enhancement for 0.1 < z < 1, which cannot be attributed to cluster selection effects. We show that this enhancement is compatible with a star formation rate in the member galaxies that is typical of the central Mpc of the Coma cluster at z = 0 and evolves with the redshift as (1+z)^5. It is likely that most of the infrared luminosity that we measure is generated by the ongoing star formation in the member galaxies. From theoretical predictions calibrated on extinction measurements (dust mass abundance equal to 1e-5), we expect only a minor contribution, of a few percent, from intracluster dust.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, accepted july 31st 2008 for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics, language improved for this version
D-JRP22-WP1.3: matrice collection from experimental animals models
Creators: name: Boué Franck
name: UMHANG, Gérald
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Echinococcus multilocualris
mouse
red fox
experimental infection

description: The aim of the Task 3 of work package 1 of the OHEJP MEME was to produce reference Echinococus multilocularis parasitic material in animal facilities in definitive and intermediate hosts for their use in other WPs of MEME. Material from both larval and adult stage were produced.
THE ROLE OF ANTI-AIRCRAFT ARTILLERY IN NATO, CASE STUDY: PORTUGUESE ARMY
Creators: name: Et Al., Neves
Publisher: name: PROELIUM
Year: 2025

description: This study aims to analyze the capabilities of the Portuguese Army's Anti-Aircraft Artillery, in the context of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization Integrated Air and Missile Defence System and the National Air Defence System, in the face of current air threats. The methodology employed included a document analysis and interviews to identify the main capabilities, gaps and challenges in Air Defence. Among the main challenges are cooperation and interoperability, especially with the Russia-Ukraine and Israel-Palestine conflicts. The evolution of air threats, such as hypersonic missiles, underlines the need to improve the capabilities of the Anti-Aircraft Artillery, to integrate with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization Integrated Air and Missile Defence System and the National Air Defence System.
description: PROELIUM, Vol. 8 N.º 15 (2025): Revista Proelium, VIII, 15
title: What is wrong with Web services Discovery?
Creators: name: Fensel, Dieter
name: Keller, Uwe
name: Polleres, Axel
Publisher: name: University of Galway
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Web services
subject: Information services

description: Various proposals for automating the discovery of Web services are available. Most of them regard the terms service and Web service as synonymous. We believe these two terms are not equivalent and it is relevant to distinguish them and to explore their relation. We argue that this fundamental distinction is necessary in order to achieve scalable and realistic Semantic Web service Discovery. Thus, we advocate a proper conceptual model following the distinction of these notions. Our model takes into account Goals, Abstract Goals, Web services and Services, in order to enable efficient and scalable discovery which matches the expectations of service requesters.
On the existence of experimentally-driven research methodology
Creators: name: Gavras, Anastasius
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010

description: This white paper attempts to scope the area of experimentally driven research by proposing a methodology and related terminology that should help research in the ICT domain to understand how this methodology can be applied.
 This white paper is intended as the first step in a controversial debate that should take place in the community of FIRE projects (Future Internet Research and Experimentation) and other interested stakeholders.
Coloration quenching of radiochromic films irradiated with proton energies close to maximum energy loss
Creators: name: Deppert, O.
name: Brabetz, C.
name: Busold, S.
name: Schreiber, A.
name: Schumacher, D.
name: Blazevic, A.
name: Roth, M.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2014
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2013 - GSI Report 2014-1
Observations of Intrahour Variable Quasars: Scattering in our Galactic Neighbourhood
Creators: name: Bignall, H. E.
name: Jauncey, D. L.
name: Lovell, J. E. J.
name: Tzioumis, A. K.
name: Macquart, J-P.
name: Kedziora-Chudczer, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interstellar scintillation (ISS) has been established as the cause of the random variations seen at centimetre wavelengths in many compact radio sources on timescales of a day or less. Observations of ISS can be used to probe structure both in the ionized insterstellar medium of the Galaxy, and in the extragalactic sources themselves, down to microarcsecond scales. A few quasars have been found to show large amplitude scintillations on unusually rapid, intrahour timescales. This has been shown to be due to weak scattering in very local Galactic ``screens'', within a few tens of parsec of the Sun. The short variability timescales allow detailed study of the scintillation properties in relatively short observing periods with compact interferometric arrays. The three best-studied ``intrahour variable'' quasars, PKS 0405-385, J1819+3845 and PKS 1257-326, have been instrumental in establishing ISS as the principal cause of intraday variability at centimetre wavelengths. Here we review the relevant results from observations of these three sources.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Astronomical and Astrophysical Transactions
VISION MACHINE: A ÉTICA DOS DRONES EM CONTEXTO MILITAR
Creators: name: Raquel P. Conceição, Pedro A. Barros Magalhães
Publisher: name: PROELIUM
Year: 2025

description: Os Sistemas de Aeronaves Não Tripulados (SANT), popularmente conhecidos como drones têm, nos dias de hoje, um papel de grande relevância em cenários operacionais, tendo a potencialidade de revolucionar a maneira como as guerras são travadas devido ao aumento da sua ubiquidade. No caminho da omnipresença dos drones em cenários militares e civis, é crucial que os governos ponderem sobre as ramificações legítimas associadas ao seu emprego, pois, com este tema vêm uma série de questões legais e éticas que devem ser abordadas à medida que estas armas são implementadas. Na essência desta investigação, está a busca por uma conclusão fundamentada sobre a ética no uso de SANT, visando determinar a justificabilidade da sua utilização com base nos direitos fundamentais humanos, tais como o princípio da dignidade humana. Esta investigação aspira fornecer uma perspetiva elucidativa sobre os dilemas éticos em torno dessa tecnologia, culminando em uma conclusão reflexiva sobre a sua justificação, ou falta dela.
description: PROELIUM, Vol. 8 N.º 15 (2025): Revista Proelium, VIII, 15
Alpha-Cluster States Populated in 24Mg+12C
Creators: name: Beck, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Charged particle and gamma decays in light alpha-like nuclei are investigated for 24Mg+12C. Various theoretical predictions for the occurence of superdeformed and hyperdeformed bands associated with resonance structures with low spin are presented. The inverse kinematics reaction 24Mg+12C is studied at Elab(24Mg) = 130 MeV. Exclusive data were collected with the Binary Reaction Spectrometer in coincidence with EUROBALL IV installed at the VIVITRON Tandem facility at Strasbourg. Specific structures with large deformation were selectively populated in binary reactions and their associated gamma decays studied. Coincident events from $α$-transfer channels were selected by choosing the excitation energy or the entry point via the two-body Q-values. The analysis of the binary reaction channels is presented with a particular emphasis on 20Ne-gamma and 16O-gamma coincidences.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, paper presented at the First Workshop on State Of The Art in Nuclear Cluster Physics (SOTANCP2008) 13-16 May, 2008, Strasbourg, France and accepted by International Journal of Modern Physics E (world Scientific), Proceedinggs of the Conference (to be publihed)
Proceedings of the 5th bwHPC Symposium - Contents
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Hochleistungsrechnen
subject: 004
subject: High-performance Computational Fluid Dynamics
subject: bwHPC Symposium
subject: High-performance Computing
subject: Hochleistungsrechnen
subject: HPC
subject: Forschungscluster
subject: Datenintensives Rechnen
subject: Forschungsgroßinfrastrukturen
subject: Virtualisierte Forschungsinfrastrukturen
subject: Wissenschaftliche Speicherinfrastrukturen
subject: Containerisierung
subject: Virtualisierung
subject: Hochenergiephysik
subject: Astrophysik
subject: Physik der kondensierten Materie
subject: Numerische Strömungsmechanik
subject: Condensed Matter Physics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Astrophysics
subject: High Performance Computing
subject: Scientific Storage Infrastructures
subject: Governance
subject: Research Cluster
subject: Large Scale Research Infrastructures
subject: Containerization
subject: Virtualization
subject: Data Intensive Computing
subject: High Energy Physics
subject: Virtualized Research Environments

description: Inhaltsverzeichnis der "Proceedings of the 5. bwHPC-Symposium"
Multi View Spatial-Temporal Model for Travel Time Estimation
Creators: name: Liu, ZiChuan
name: Wu, Zhaoyang
name: Wang, Meng
name: Zhang, Rui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Taxi arrival time prediction is essential for building intelligent transportation systems. Traditional prediction methods mainly rely on extracting features from traffic maps, which cannot model complex situations and nonlinear spatial and temporal relationships. Therefore, we propose Multi-View Spatial-Temporal Model (MVSTM) to capture the mutual dependence of spatial-temporal relations and trajectory features. Specifically, we use graph2vec to model the spatial view, dual-channel temporal module to model the trajectory view, and structural embedding to model traffic semantics. Experiments on large-scale taxi trajectory data have shown that our approach is more effective than the existing novel methods. The source code can be found at https://github.com/775269512/SIGSPATIAL-2021-GISCUP-4th-Solution.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Tunneling between Dilute GaAs Hole Layers
Creators: name: Misra, S.
name: Bishop, N. C.
name: Tutuc, E.
name: Shayegan, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report interlayer tunneling measurements between very dilute two-dimensional GaAs hole layers. Surprisingly, the shape and temperature-dependence of the tunneling spectrum can be explained with a Fermi liquid-based tunneling model, but the peak amplitude is much larger than expected from the available hole band parameters. Data as a function of parallel magnetic field reveal additional anomalous features, including a recurrence of a zero-bias tunneling peak at very large fields. In a perpendicular magnetic field, we observe a robust and narrow tunneling peak at total filling factor $ν_T=1$, signaling the formation of a bilayer quantum Hall ferromagnet.
description: Revised to include additional data, new discussions
ABIDES-Gym: Gym Environments for Multi-Agent Discrete Event Simulation and Application to Financial Markets
Creators: name: Amrouni, Selim
name: Moulin, Aymeric
name: Vann, Jared
name: Vyetrenko, Svitlana
name: Balch, Tucker
name: Veloso, Manuela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Trading and Market Microstructure (q-fin.TR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Model-free Reinforcement Learning (RL) requires the ability to sample trajectories by taking actions in the original problem environment or a simulated version of it. Breakthroughs in the field of RL have been largely facilitated by the development of dedicated open source simulators with easy to use frameworks such as OpenAI Gym and its Atari environments. In this paper we propose to use the OpenAI Gym framework on discrete event time based Discrete Event Multi-Agent Simulation (DEMAS). We introduce a general technique to wrap a DEMAS simulator into the Gym framework. We expose the technique in detail and implement it using the simulator ABIDES as a base. We apply this work by specifically using the markets extension of ABIDES, ABIDES-Markets, and develop two benchmark financial markets OpenAI Gym environments for training daily investor and execution agents. As a result, these two environments describe classic financial problems with a complex interactive market behavior response to the experimental agent's action.
title: Social Networking Portals: An Overview and Evaluation
Creators: name: O'Murchu, Ina
name: Breslin, John
name: Decker, Stefan
Publisher: name: University of Galway
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Web portals
subject: Online social networks

description: Next generation communication on the Internet changes the way we interact with the complexity of the information load on the World Wide Web. Web portals act as gateways to resources and a multitude of services on the Internet. Social networking portals add a new quality to collaborative online communities, allowing users to create and maintain a network of close friends or business associates. In this paper, the different types of social networking sites are classified, and an evaluation is performed in terms of communication and collaboration features, searching and browsing capabilities. Furthermore, user perception, access statistics and privacy issues are discussed.
THE SKILL OF USING WORDS IN THE STORY "THE TAILED PEOPLE" BY ABDULLA QAHHOR
Creators: name: Rakhmanova, Aydana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: In this article, Abdulla Qahhor's skill in using artistic details and the idealization of images, the correct use of words in the wider coverage of the details of events are studied.
Theoretical evidences for enhanced superconducting transition temperature of CaSi$_2$ in a high-pressure AlB$_2$ phase
Creators: name: Nakanishi, A.
name: Ishikawa, T.
name: Nagara, H.
name: Kusakabe, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By means of first-principles calculations, we studied stable lattice structures and estimated superconducting transition temperature of CaSi$_2$ at high pressure. Our simulation showed stability of the AlB$_2$ structure in a pressure range above 17 GPa. In this structure, doubly degenerated optical phonon modes, in which the neighboring silicon atoms oscillate alternately in a silicon plane, show prominently strong interaction with the conduction electrons. In addition there exists a softened optical mode (out-of-plan motion of silicon atoms), whose strength of the electron-phonon interaction is nearly the same as the above mode. The density of states at the Fermi level in the AlB$_2$ structure is higher than that in the trigonal structure. These findings and the estimation of the transition temperature strongly suggest that higher $T_{\rm c}$ is expected in the AlB$_2$ structure than the trigonal structures which are known so far.
description: 6 pages and 11 figures
SiamPolar: Semi-supervised Realtime Video Object Segmentation with Polar Representation
Creators: name: Li, Yaochen
name: Hong, Yuhui
name: Song, Yonghong
name: Zhu, Chao
name: Zhang, Ying
name: Wang, Ruihao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Video object segmentation (VOS) is an essential part of autonomous vehicle navigation. The real-time speed is very important for the autonomous vehicle algorithms along with the accuracy metric. In this paper, we propose a semi-supervised real-time method based on the Siamese network using a new polar representation. The input of bounding boxes is initialized rather than the object masks, which are applied to the video object detection tasks. The polar representation could reduce the parameters for encoding masks with subtle accuracy loss so that the algorithm speed can be improved significantly. An asymmetric siamese network is also developed to extract the features from different spatial scales. Moreover, the peeling convolution is proposed to reduce the antagonism among the branches of the polar head. The repeated cross-correlation and semi-FPN are designed based on this idea. The experimental results on the DAVIS-2016 dataset and other public datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures, journal
Metastable Vacua in Brane Worlds
Creators: name: Dudas, E.
name: Mourad, J.
name: Nitti, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze vacuum decay in brane world setups, where a free scalar field in five dimensions has a localized potential admitting metastable vacua. We study in particular the bounce solution and its properties in flat and warped spaces. In the latter case, placing into a deeply warped region the term in the potential that lifts the vacuum degeneracy, can increase indefinitely the lifetime of the false vacuum. We discuss the application to metastable vacua in supersymmetric brane-world constructions.
description: LaTeX, 24 pages
Associated production of prompt photons and heavy quarks in off-shell gluon-gluon fusion
Creators: name: Baranov, S. P.
name: Lipatov, A. V.
name: Zotov, N. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of the kt-factorization approach, we study the production of prompt photons associated with heavy (charm and beauty) quarks in hadron-hadron collisions at high energies. Our consideration is based on the amplitude for the production of a single photon associated with a quark pair in the fusion of two off-shell gluons. The total and differential cross sections are presented and the conservative error analysis is performed. Two sets of unintegrated gluon distributions in the proton have been used in numerical calculation: the one obtained from Ciafaloni-Catani-Fiorani-Marchesini evolution equation and the other from Kimber-Martin-Ryskin prescription. The theoretical results are compared with recent experimental data taken by the CDF collaboration at the Fermilab Tevatron. Our analysis extends to specific angular correlations between the produced prompt photons and muons originating from semileptonic decays of the final charmed or beauty quarks. We point out the importance of such observables, which can serve as a crucial test for the unintegrated gluon densities in a proton. Finally, we extrapolate the theoretical predictions to the CERN LHC energies. This paper is dedicated to the memory of P.F. Ermolov, who died on May 14, 2008.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures
Quantum teleportation via a two-qubit Heisenberg XXZ chain-effects of anisotropy and magnetic field
Creators: name: Zhou, Yue
name: Zhang, Guofeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study quantum teleportation via a two-qubit Heisenberg XXZ chain under an inhomogeneous magnetic field. We first consider entanglement teleportation, and then focus on the teleportation fidelity under different conditions. The effects of anisotropy and the magnetic field, both uniform and inhomogeneous, are discussed. We also find that, though entanglement teleportation does require an entangled quantum channel, a nonzero critical value of minimum entanglement is not always necessary.
The Cosmic Code Comparison Project
Creators: name: Heitmann, Katrin
name: Lukic, Zarija
name: Fasel, Patricia
name: Habib, Salman
name: Warren, Michael S.
name: White, Martin
name: Ahrens, James
name: Ankeny, Lee
name: Armstrong, Ryan
name: O'Shea, Brian
name: Ricker, Paul M.
name: Springel, Volker
name: Stadel, Joachim
name: Trac, Hy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Current and upcoming cosmological observations allow us to probe structures on smaller and smaller scales, entering highly nonlinear regimes. In order to obtain theoretical predictions in these regimes, large cosmological simulations have to be carried out. The promised high accuracy from observations make the simulation task very demanding: the simulations have to be at least as accurate as the observations. This requirement can only be fulfilled by carrying out an extensive code validation program. The first step of such a program is the comparison of different cosmology codes including gravitation interactions only. In this paper we extend a recently carried out code comparison project to include five more simulation codes. We restrict our analysis to a small cosmological volume which allows us to investigate properties of halos. For the matter power spectrum and the mass function, the previous results hold, with the codes agreeing at the 10% level over wide dynamic ranges. We extend our analysis to the comparison of halo profiles and investigate the halo count as a function of local density. We introduce and discuss ParaView as a flexible analysis tool for cosmological simulations, the use of which immensely simplifies the code comparison task.
description: 28 pages, 14 figures
DigiVet Deliverable 2.3:  Publicly available and reproducible holistic data analysis workflows for the case studies.
Creators: name: Hopp, Petter
name: Udhwani, Trishang
name: Helgesen, Kari Olli
name: Cha, Wonhee
name: Denwood, Matt
name: Bogaardt, Carlijn
name: Enright, Jessica
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: These files include a collated description of the workflows and code created as part of the DigiVet project's deliverable 2.3, as well as manuals and vignettes for some of these workflows.  All code refered to is open and available on a repository as linked in the documents here.
Relationship between training heart rate and aerobic threshold in exercising cardiac patients
Creators: name: Goodman, Leonard Stephen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between training heart rate (THR) and the HR occurring at the Aerobic Threshold (AerTHR), and to examine the AerT as an index of training intensity in selected coronary artery disease (CAD), post-myocardial infarction (MI), and post-coronary artery bypass surgery (CABS) patients. Twenty male subjects (age=54.9; wt=73.7 kg; %body fat=25.8) were recruited on the basis of regular participation in a cardiac rehabilitation program (CRP) (3/week at 70 - 85% HRmax) for 6 months; no beta-adrenergic medication; and symptom-free during exercise. Field measurements of THR during the aerobic phase at CRP was carried out by computer-assisted portable telemetry with mean THR computed from each 30 minute value per subject. A maximal treadmill test starting at 2.5 mph at 0% grade with speed increasing 0.5 mph each minute was carried out using a Beckman MMC for 30 second determinations of respiratory gas values. The AerT was determined by visual inspection of the first departure from linearity of Ve and excess CO₂. VO₂max was 35.6 ±5.6 ml/kg/min⁻¹, with HRmax 166.2 ±11.8 bpm. Paired t-tests were performed; AerTHR was 124.8 ±15.3 bpm with THR 133.7 ±13.4 bpm (p < .03). Percent HRmaxAerT was 75.1 ±8.05 and %HRmaxTHR was 80.6 ±8.3 (p < .03). Mean %VO₂maxAerT (54.4 ±6.7) is consistent with other reported data showing .lower values in less trained individuals. Stepwise correlations were performed, and a regression equation was produced to predict AerT grom HRmax, height, and weight with a multiple r = .74 (p < .01). These data suggest that in this population, THR, as calculated by the relative percentage of maximum method, produces training intensities above the AerT expressed as absolute or relative percents of HRmax. This finding may have implications for optimal body fat reductions, patient compliance to the exercise program, and safety in CRP's.
Geometric phase of a bipartite system with Dzyaloshinski-Moriya interaction
Creators: name: Zhou, Yue
name: Zhang, Guo-Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Berry phase of a bipartite system described by a Heisenberg XXZ model driven by a one-site magnetic field is investigated. The effect of the Dzyaloshinski-Moriya (DM) anisotropic interaction on the Berry phase is discussed. It is found that the DM interaction affects the Berry phase monotonously, and can also cause sudden change of the Berry phase for some weak magnetic field cases.
description: Optics Communications (2008) in press
The Explanatory Gap in Algorithmic News Curation
Creators: name: Heuer, Hendrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Considering the large amount of available content, social media platforms increasingly employ machine learning (ML) systems to curate news. This paper examines how well different explanations help expert users understand why certain news stories are recommended to them. The expert users were journalists, who are trained to judge the relevance of news. Surprisingly, none of the explanations are perceived as helpful. Our investigation provides a first indication of a gap between what is available to explain ML-based curation systems and what users need to understand such systems. We call this the Explanatory Gap in Machine Learning-based Curation Systems.
description: This paper will be presented at the Third Multidisciplinary International Symposium, MISDOOM 2021, held in Oxford, UK
A design principle for improved 3D AC electro-osmotic pumps
Creators: name: Burch, Damian
name: Bazant, Martin Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three-dimensional (3D) AC electro-osmotic (ACEO) pumps have recently been developed that are much faster and more robust than previous planar designs. The basic idea is to create a ``fluid conveyor belt'' by placing opposing ACEO slip velocities at different heights. Current designs involve electrodes with electroplated steps, whose heights have been optimized in simulations and experiments. Here, we consider changing the boundary conditions--rather than the geometry--and predict that flow rates can be further doubled by fabricating 3D features with non-polarizable materials. This amplifies the fluid conveyor belt by removing opposing flows on the vertical surfaces, and it increases the slip velocities which drive the flow.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Physical Review E
The effects of an eccentric-type exercise versus a concentric-type exercise in the management of chronic patellar tendonitis
Creators: name: Cannell, Lynda Jane
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The main purpose of this study was to determine which method of tendon rehabilitation - the "eccentric squat" exercise or the universal gym "leg extension/leg curl" exercise produces a more significant result in terms of recovery in the treatment of chronic patellar tendonitis. A second objective was to determine if a relationship existed between patients who presented with patellar tendonitis and certain biomechanical malalignments and/or muscle imbalances that those patients might have possessed. Nineteen patients with chronic patellar tendonitis were studied. They were selected on the basis that they had a history of athletic participation, wore no orthotics and had had the symptoms of patellar tendonitis greater than four weeks. Subjects were randomly placed in either of two groups: training using the "eccentric squat" exercise or training using the "leg extension/ leg curl" exercise. Subjects were clinically and biomechanically examined by a physician and placed on the twelve week exercise program. They were examined and tested at 0, 6 and 12 weeks. Testing included the following variables: thigh circumference measured 4.4 and 10 centimeters above the medial knee joint line, quadricep and hamstring moment of force as measured on the Cybex at 30 degrees per second and a subjective evaluation of pain rated on a scale from 1 to 10. There was no significant difference between the groups in either quadricep or hamstring moment of force, however hamstring moment of force significantly increased in both groups. There was a significant difference in pain ratings between the groups averaged over the three testing sessions (p <0.01). The group training with the "eccentric squat" exercise decreased in pain more than the group performing the "leg extension/leg curl" exercise. Also, the "eccentric squat" group produced twice as many "pain free" subjects at the end of the program than the other group. With the retrospective clinical data on the 129 patellar tendonitis patients seen at the B.C. Sports Medicine Clinic over a three year period, it appears that the average structural malalignment of the patellar tendonitis patient is no different from the average biomechanical problems any athlete may present with who has any number of difference overuse problems. It appears indicated to recommend the use of the "eccentric squat" exercise as an approach towards the conservative management of chronic patellar tendonitis.
Detecting Sound-Wave-Like Surface Brightness Ripples in Cluster Cores
Creators: name: Graham, J.
name: Fabian, A. C.
name: Sanders, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the observational requirements for the detection of sound-wave-like features in galaxy cluster cores. We calculate the effect of projection on the observed wave amplitude, and find that the projection factor depends only weakly on the underlying cluster properties but strongly on the wavelength of the sound waves, with the observed amplitude being reduced by a factor ~5 for 5 kpc waves but only by a factor ~ 2 for 25 kpc waves. We go on to estimate the time needed to detect ripples similar to those previously detected in the Perseus cluster in other clusters. We find that the detection time scales most strongly with the flux of the cluster and the amplitude of the ripples. By connecting the ripple amplitude to the heating power in the system, we estimate detection times for a selection of local clusters and find that several may have ripples detected with ~1Ms Chandra time.
description: 9 Pages, 13 figures MNRAS Accepted
Possible evidence that pulsars are quark stars
Creators: name: Xu, Renxin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is a pity that the real state of matter in pulsar-like stars is still not determined confidently because of the uncertainty about cold matter at supranuclear density, even 40 years after the discovery of pulsar. Nuclear matter (related to neutron stars) is one of the speculations for the inner constitution of pulsars even from the Landau's time more than 70 years ago, but quark matter (related to quark stars) is an alternative due to the fact of asymptotic freedom of interaction between quarks as the standard model of particle physics develops since 1960s. Therefore, one has to focus on astrophysical observations in order to answer what the nature of pulsars is. In this presentation, I would like to summarize possible observational evidence/hints that pulsar-like stars could be quark stars, and to address achievable clear evidence for quark stars in the future experiments.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures; a talk at the international conference "Astrophysics of Compact Objects" (July 1-7, 2007; Huangshan, China); http://vega.bac.pku.edu.cn/rxxu/publications/index_C.htm. A mistake in Fig.1 is corrected; Correction of typos
Grain Retention and Formation of Planetesimals near the Snow Line in MRI-driven Turbulent Protoplanetary Disks
Creators: name: Kretke, Katherine A.
name: Lin, D. N. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first challenge in the formation of both terrestrial planets and the cores of gas giants is the retention of grains in protoplanetary disks. In most regions of these disks, gas attains sub-Keplerian speeds as a consequence of a negative pressure gradient. Hydrodynamic drag leads to orbital decay and depletion of the solid material in the disk, with characteristic timescales as short as only a few hundred years for meter-sized objects at 1 AU. In this paper, we suggest a particle retention mechanism which promotes the accumulation of grains and the formation of planetesimals near the water sublimation front or ``snow line.'' This model is based on the assumption that, in the regions most interesting for planet formation, the viscous evolution of the disk is due to turbulence driven by the magneto-rotational instability (MRI) in the surface layers of the disk. The depth to which MRI effectively generates turbulence is a strong function of the grain size and abundance. A sharp increase in the grain-to-gas density ratio across the snow line reduces the column depth of the active layer. As the disk evolves towards a quasi-steady-state, this change in the active layer creates a local maximum in radial distribution of the gas surface density and pressure, causing the gas to rotate at super-Keplerian speed and halting the inward migration of grains. This senario presents a robust process for grain retention which may aid in the formation of proto-gas-giant cores preferentially near the snow line.
description: 12 pages in preprint format, 2 figures, accepted ApJ Letters
Subtleties in the quasi-classical calculation of Hawking radiation
Creators: name: Akhmedov, Emil T.
name: Pilling, Terry
name: Singleton, Douglas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: he quasi-classical method of deriving Hawking radiation is investigated. In order to recover the original Hawking temperature one must take into account a previously ignored contribution coming from the temporal part of the action. This contribution plus a contribution coming from the spatial part of the action gives the correct temperature.
description: 6 pages revtex. Honorable Mention in 2008 GRF essay contest, typos fixed, sign errors corrected. To be published in Special Issue of IJMPD
Entangled quantum heat engines based on two two-spin systems with Dzyaloshinski-Moriya anisotropic antisymmetric interaction
Creators: name: Zhang, Guo-Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct an entangled quantum heat engine (EQHE) based on two two-spin systems with Dzyaloshinski-Moriya (DM) anisotropic antisymmetric interaction. By applying the explanations of heat transferred and work performed at the quantum level in Kieu's work [PRL, 93, 140403 (2004)], the basic thermodynamic quantities, i.e., heat transferred, net work done in a cycle and efficiency of EQHE are investigated in terms of DM interaction and concurrence. The validity of the second law of thermodynamics is confirmed in the entangled system. It is found that there is a same efficiency for both antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic cases, and the efficiency can be controlled in two manners: 1. only by spin-spin interaction J and DM interaction D; 2. only by the temperature T and concurrence C. In order to obtain a positive net work, we need not entangle all qubits in two two-spin systems and we only require the entanglement between qubits in a two-spin system not be zero. As the ratio of entanglement between qubits in two two-spin systems increases, the efficiency will approach infinitely the classical Carnot one. An interesting phenomenon is an abrupt transition of the efficiency when the entanglements between qubits in two two-spin systems are equal.
Multicolor observations of the afterglow of the short/hard GRB 050724
Creators: name: Malesani, D.
name: Covino, S.
name: D'Avanzo, P.
name: D'Elia, V.
name: Fugazza, D.
name: Piranomonte, S.
name: Ballo, L.
name: Campana, S.
name: Stella, L.
name: Tagliaferri, G.
name: Antonelli, L. A.
name: Chincarini, G.
name: Della Valle, M.
name: Goldoni, P.
name: Guidorzi, C.
name: Israel, G. L.
name: Lazzati, D.
name: Melandri, A.
name: Pellizza, L. J.
name: Romano, P.
name: Stratta, G.
name: Vergani, S. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New information on short/hard gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is being gathered thanks to the discovery of their optical and X-ray afterglows. However, some key aspects are still poorly understood, including the collimation level of the outflow, the duration of the central engine activity, and the properties of the progenitor systems. We want to constrain the physical properties of the short GRB 050724 and of its host galaxy, and make some inferences on the global short GRB population. We present optical observations of the afterglow of GRB 050724 and of its host galaxy, significantly expanding the existing dataset for this event. We compare our results with models, complementing them with available measurements from the literature. We study the afterglow light curve and spectrum including X-ray data. We also present observations of the host galaxy. The observed optical emission was likely related to the large flare observed in the X-ray light curve. The apparent steep decay was therefore not due to the jet effect. Available data are indeed consistent with low collimation, in turn implying a large energy release, comparable to that of long GRBs. The flare properties also constrain the internal shock mechanism, requiring a large Lorentz factor contrast between the colliding shells. This implies that the central engine was active at late times, rather than ejecting all shells simultaneously. The host galaxy has red colors and no ongoing star formation, consistent with previous findings on this GRB. However, it is not a pure elliptical, and has some faint spiral structure. GRB 050724 provides the most compelling case for association between a short burst and a galaxy with old stellar population. It thus plays a pivotal role in constraining progenitors models, which should allow for long delays between birth and explosion.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in A&A, typo fixed
Regularity issues in the problem of fluid structure interaction
Creators: name: Gérard-Varet, David
name: Hillairet, Matthieu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate the evolution of rigid bodies in a viscous incompressible fluid. The flow is governed by the 2D Navier-Stokes equations, set in a bounded domain with Dirichlet boundary conditions. The boundaries of the solids and the domain have Hölder regularity $C^{1, α}$, $0 < α\le 1$. First, we show the existence and uniqueness of strong solutions up to collision. A key ingredient is a BMO bound on the velocity gradient, which substitutes to the standard $H^2$ estimate for smoother domains. Then, we study the asymptotic behaviour of one $C^{1, α}$ body falling over a flat surface. We show that collision is possible in finite time if and only if $α< 1/2$.
Testing the Majorana Nature of Gluinos and Neutralinos
Creators: name: Choi, S. Y.
name: Drees, M.
name: Freitas, A.
name: Zerwas, P. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gluinos and neutralinos, supersymmetric partners of gluons and neutral electroweak gauge and Higgs bosons, are Majorana particles in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model [MSSM]. Decays of such self-conjugate particles generate charge symmetric ensembles of final states. Moreover, production channels of supersymmetric particles at colliders are characteristically affected by the Majorana nature of particles exchanged in the production processes. The sensitivity to the Majorana character of the particles can be quantified by comparing the predictions with Dirac exchange mechanisms. A consistent framework for introducing gluino and neutralino Dirac fields can be designed by extending the N=1 supersymmetry of the MSSM to N=2 in the gauge sector. We examine to which extent like-sign dilepton production in the processes q q -> ~q ~q and e- e- -> ~e- ~e- is affected by the exchange of either Majorana or Dirac gluinos and neutralinos, respectively, at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and in the prospective e- e- mode of a lepton linear collider.
description: 30 pages, 9 figures; minor adjustments to text and numerical results, version published in PRD
MOST: detecting cancer differential gene expression
Creators: name: Lian, Heng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a new statistics for the detection of differentially expressed genes, when the genes are activated only in a subset of the samples. Statistics designed for this unconventional circumstance has proved to be valuable for most cancer studies, where oncogenes are activated for a small number of disease samples. Previous efforts made in this direction include COPA, OS and ORT. We propose a new statistics called maximum ordered subset t-statistics (MOST) which seems to be natural when the number of activated samples is unknown. We compare MOST to other statistics and find the proposed method often has more power then its competitors.
Stopping of 0.3 - 1.2 MeV/u protons and alpha particles in Si
Creators: name: Abdesselam, M.
name: Ouichaoui, S.
name: Azzouz, M.
name: Chami, A. C.
name: Siad, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stopping cross sections S (E) of silicon for protons and alpha particles have been measured over the velocity range 0.3-1.2 MeV/u from a SIMOX target using the Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry (RBS) with special emphasis put on experimental aspects. A detection geometry coupling simultaneously two solid-state Si detectors placed at 165 degrees and 150 degrees relative to each side of the incident beam direction was used to measure the energies of the scattered ions and determine their energy losses within the stopping medium. In this way, the basic energy parameter, Ex, at the Si-SiO2 interface for a given incident energy E0 is the same for ions backscattered in the two directions off both the Si and O target elements, and systematic uncertainties in the S (E) data mainly originating from the target thickness are significantly minimized. A powerful computer code has been elaborated for extracting the relevant S (E) experimental data and the associated overall uncertainty that amounts to less than 3%. The measured S (E) data sets were found to be in fair agreement with H. Paul compilation and with values calculated by the SRIM 06 computer code. In the case of 4He+ ions, experimental data for the gamma-effective charge parameter have been deduced via scaling the measured stopping cross sections to those for protons crossing the same target at the same velocity and compared to the predictions of the SRIM 06 code. It is found that the gamma-parameter values generated by the latter code slightly deviate from experiment over the velocity region around the stopping cross section maximum where strong charge exchanges usually occur.