Search for Cosmic-Ray Events Using Radio Signals and CNNs in Data from the IceTop Enhancement Prototype Station
Creators: name: IceCube
name: Rehman, Abdul
name: Coleman, Alan
name: Schröder, Frank G.
name: Kullgren, Dana
name: Abbasi, Rasha
name: Ackermann, Markus
name: Adams, Jenni
name: Agarwalla, Sanjib
name: Aguilar, Juanan
name: Ahlers, Markus
name: Alameddine, Jean-Marco
name: Amin, Najia Moureen Binte
name: Andeen, Karen
name: Anton, Gisela
name: Argüelles, Carlos
name: Ashida, Yosuke
name: Athanasiadou, Sofia
name: Axani, Spencer
name: Bai, Xinhua
name: Balagopal V, Aswathi
name: Baricevic, Moreno
name: Barwick, Steve
name: Basu, Vedant
name: Bay, Ryan
name: Beatty, James
name: Becker Tjus, Julia
name: Beise, Jakob
name: Bellenghi, Chiara
name: Benning, Charlotte
name: BenZvi, Segev
name: Berley, David
name: Bernardini, Elisa
name: Besson, Dave
name: Blaufuss, Erik
name: Blot, Summer
name: Bontempo, Federico
name: Book, Julia
name: Boscolo Meneguolo, Caterina
name: Boser, Sebastian
name: Botner, Olga
name: Bottcher, Jakob
name: Bourbeau, Etienne
name: Braun, Jim
name: Brinson, Bennett
name: Brostean-Kaiser, Jannes
name: Burley, Ryan T.
name: Busse, Raffaela
name: Butterfield, Delaney
name: Campana, Michael
name: Carloni, Kiara
name: Carnie-Bronca, Erin
name: Chattopadhyay, Sharmistha
name: Chau, Thien Nhan
name: Chen, Chujie
name: Chen, Zheyang
name: Chirkin, Dmitry
name: Choi, Seowon
name: Clark, Brian
name: Classen, Lew
name: Collin, Gabriel
name: Connolly, Amy
name: Conrad, Janet
name: Coppin, Paul
name: Correa, Pablo
name: Cowen, Doug
name: Dave, Pranav
name: Clercq, Catherine De
name: DeLaunay, James
name: Delgado Lopez, Diyaselis
name: Deng, Shuyang
name: Deoskar, Kunal
name: Desai, Abhishek
name: Desiati, Paolo
name: Vries, Krijn De
name: Wasseige, Gwenhaël De
name: DeYoung, Tyce
name: Diaz, Alejandro
name: Diaz-Velez, Juan Carlos
name: Dittmer, Markus
name: Domi, Alba
name: Dujmovic, Hrvoje
name: DuVernois, Michael
name: Ehrhardt, Thomas
name: Eller, Philipp
name: Ellinger, Enrico
name: Mentawi, Sharif El
name: Elsässer, Dominik
name: Engel, Ralph
name: Erpenbeck, Hannah
name: Evans, John
name: Evenson, Paul
name: Fan, Kwok Lung
name: Fang, Ke
name: Farrag, Kareem Ramadan
name: Fazely, Ali
name: Fedynitch, Anatoli
name: Feigl, Nora
name: Fiedlschuster, Sebastian
name: Finley, Chad
name: Fischer, Leander
name: Fox, Derek B.
name: Franckowiak, Anna
name: Fritz, Alexander
name: Furst, Philipp
name: Gallagher, Jay
name: Ganster, Erik
name: Garcia, Alfonso
name: Gerhardt, Lisa
name: Ghadimi, Ava
name: Glaser, Christian
name: Glauch, Theo
name: Glusenkamp, Thorsten
name: Goehlke, Noah
name: Gonzalez, Javier
name: Goswami, Sreetama
name: Grant, Darren
name: Gray, Shannon
name: Gries, Oliver
name: Griffin, Sean
name: Griswold, Spencer
name: Groth, Kathrine Morch
name: Günther, Christoph
name: Gutjahr, Pascal
name: Haack, Christian
name: Hallgren, Allan
name: Halliday, Robert
name: Halve, Lasse
name: Halzen, Francis
name: Hamdaoui, Hassane
name: Ha Minh, Martin
name: Hanson, Kael
name: Hardin, John
name: Harnisch, Alexander
name: Hatch, Patrick
name: Haungs, Andreas
name: Helbing, Klaus
name: Hellrung, Jonas
name: Henningsen, Felix
name: Heuermann, Lars Philipp
name: Heyer, Nils
name: Hickford, Stephanie
name: Hidvegi, Attila
name: Hill, Colton
name: Hill, Gary
name: Hoffman, Kara
name: Hori, Sam
name: Hoshina, Kotoyo
name: Hou, Wenjie
name: Huber, Thomas
name: Hultqvist, Klas
name: Hunnefeld, Mirco
name: Hussain, Raamis
name: Hymon, Karolin
name: In, Seongjin
name: Ishihara, Aya
name: Jacquart, Marc
name: Janik, Oliver
name: Jansson, Matti
name: Japaridze, George
name: Jeong, Minjin
name: Jin, Miaochen
name: Jones, Ben
name: Kang, Donghwa
name: Kang, Woosik
name: Kang, Xinyue
name: Kappes, Alexander
name: Kappesser, David
name: Kardum, Leonora
name: Karg, Timo
name: Karl, Martina
name: Karle, Albrecht
name: Katz, Ulì
name: Kauer, Matt
name: Kelley, John
name: Khatee Zathul, Arifa
name: Kheirandish, Ali
name: Kiryluk, Joanna
name: Klein, Spencer
name: Kochocki, Alina
name: Koirala, Ramesh
name: Kolanoski, Hermann
name: Kontrimas, Tomas
name: Kopke, Lutz
name: Kopper, Claudio
name: Koskinen, Jason
name: Koundal, Paras
name: Kovacevich, Michael
name: Kowalski, Marek
name: Kozynets, Tetiana
name: Jayakumar, Krishnamoorthi
name: Kruiswijk, Karlijn
name: Krupczak, Emmett
name: Kumar, Anil
name: Kun, Emma
name: Neilson, Naoko Kurahashi
name: Lad, Neha Navnitkumar
name: Lagunas Gualda, Cristina
name: Lamoureux, Mathieu
name: Larson, Michael J.
name: Latseva, Silvia
name: Lauber, Frederik Hermann
name: Lazar, Jeffrey
name: Lee, Jiwoong
name: Leonard DeHolton, Kayla
name: Leszczynska, Agnieszka
name: Lincetto, Massimiliano
name: Liu, Qinrui
name: Liubarska, Maria
name: Lohfink, Elisa
name: Love, Christina
name: Lozano Mariscal, Cristian Jesus
name: Lu, Lu
name: Lucarelli, Francesco
name: Luszczak, William
name: Lyu, Yang
name: Madsen, Jim
name: Mahn, Kendall
name: Makino, Yuya
name: Manao, Elena
name: Mancina, Sarah
name: Marie Sainte, Wenceslas
name: Maris, Ioana Codrina
name: Marka, Szabolcs
name: Marka, Zsuzsa
name: Marsee, Matthew
name: Martinez-Soler, Ivan
name: Maruyama, Reina H.
name: Mayhew, Finn
name: McElroy, Thomas
name: McNally, Frank
name: Mead, James Vincent
name: Meagher, Kevin
name: Mechbal, Sarah
name: Medina, Andres
name: Meier, Maximilian
name: Merckx, Yarno
name: Merten, Lukas
name: Micallef, Jessie
name: Mitchell, Justin
name: Montaruli, Teresa
name: Moore, Roger
name: Morii, Yasutsugu
name: Morse, Bob
name: Moulai, Marjon
name: Mukherjee, Tista
name: Naab, Richard
name: Nagai, Ryo
name: Nakos, Maxwell
name: Naumann, Uwe
name: Necker, Jannis
name: Negi, Akshima
name: Neumann, Miriam
name: Niederhausen, Hans
name: Nisa, Mehr
name: Noell, Andreas
name: Novikov, Alexander
name: Nowicki, Sarah
name: Pollmann, Anna
name: O'Dell, Vivian
name: Oehler, Marie
name: Oeyen, Bob
name: Olivas, Alex
name: Orsoe, Rasmus
name: Osborn, Jesse
name: O'Sullivan, Erin
name: Pandya, Hershal
name: Park, Nahee
name: Parker, Grant
name: Paudel, Ek Narayan
name: Paul, Larissa
name: Pérez De Los Heros, Carlos
name: Peterson, Josh
name: Philippen, Saskia
name: Pizzuto, Alex
name: Plum, Matthias
name: Ponten, Axel
name: Popovych, Yuriy
name: Prado Rodriguez, Maria
name: Pries, Brandon
name: Procter-Murphy, Rachel
name: Przybylski, Gerald
name: Raab, Christoph
name: Rack-Helleis, John
name: Rawlins, Katherine
name: Rechav, Zoe
name: Reichherzer, Patrick
name: Renzi, Giovanni
name: Resconi, Elisa
name: Reusch, Simeon
name: Rhode, Wolfgang
name: Riedel, Benedikt
name: Rifaie, Adam
name: Roberts, Ella
name: Robertson, Sally
name: Rodan, Steven T.
name: Roellinghoff, Gerrit
name: Rongen, Martin
name: Rott, Carsten
name: Ruhe, Tim
name: Ruohan, Li
name: Ryckbosch, Dirk
name: Safa, Ibrahim
name: Saffer, Julian
name: Salazar-Gallegos, Daniel
name: Sampathkumar, Pranav
name: Sanchez Herrera, Sebastian
name: Sandrock, Alexander
name: Santander, Marcos
name: Sarkar, Sourav
name: Sarkar, Subir
name: Savelberg, Joelle
name: Savina, Pierpaolo
name: Schaufel, Merlin
name: Schieler, Harald
name: Schindler, Sebastian
name: Schlickmann, Lea
name: Schlüter, Berit
name: Schlüter, Felix
name: Schmeisser, Nick
name: Schmidt, Torsten
name: Schneider, Judith
name: Schumacher, Lisa Johanna
name: Schwefer, Georg
name: Sclafani, Steve
name: Seckel, David
name: Seikh, Mohammad Ful Hossain
name: Seunarine, Suruj
name: Shah, Riya
name: Sharma, Ankur
name: Shefali, S.
name: Shimizu, Nobuhiro
name: Silva, Manuel
name: Skrzypek, Barbara
name: Smithers, Ben
name: Snihur, Robert
name: Soedingrekso, Jan
name: Sogaard, Andreas
name: Soldin, Dennis
name: Soldin, Philipp
name: Sommani, Giacomo
name: Spannfellner, Christian
name: Spiczak, Glenn
name: Spiering, Christian
name: Stamatikos, Michael
name: Stanev, Todor
name: Stezelberger, Thorsten
name: Sturwald, Timo
name: Stuttard, Thomas
name: Sullivan, Greg
name: Taboada, Ignacio
name: Ter-Antonyan, Samvel
name: Thiesmeyer, Matthias
name: Thompson, Will
name: Thwaites, Jessie
name: Tilav, Serap
name: Tollefson, Kirsten
name: Tönnis, Christoph
name: Toscano, Simona
name: Tosi, Delia
name: Trettin, Alexander
name: Tung, Chun Fai
name: Turcotte, Roxanne
name: Twagirayezu, Jean Pierre
name: Ty, Bunheng
name: Unland Elorrieta, Martin
name: Upadhyay, Anuj Kumar
name: Upshaw, Karriem
name: Valtonen-Mattila, Nora
name: Vandenbroucke, Justin
name: Eijndhoven, Nick Van
name: Vannerom, David
name: Santen, Jakob Van
name: Vara, Javi
name: Veitch-Michaelis, Joshua
name: Venugopal, Megha
name: Vereecken, Matthias
name: Verpoest, Stef
name: Veske, Doğa
name: Vijai, Aishwarya
name: Walck, Christian
name: Weaver, Chris
name: Weigel, Philip
name: Weindl, Andreas
name: Weldert, Jan
name: Wendt, Chris
name: Werthebach, Johannes
name: Weyrauch, Mark
name: Whitehorn, Nathan
name: Wiebusch, Christopher
name: Willey, Nathan
name: Williams, Dawn
name: Witthaus, Lucas
name: Wolf, Annika
name: Wolf, Martin
name: Wrede, Gerrit
name: Xu, Xianwu
name: Yanez, Juan Pablo
name: Yildizci, Emre Burak
name: Yoshida, Shigeru
name: Young, Robert
name: Yu, Felix J.
name: Yu, Shiqi
name: Yuan, Tianlu
name: Zhang, Zelong
name: Zhelnin, Pavel
name: Zimmerman, Melany
Publisher: name: Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA)
Year: 2023

description: Cosmic-ray air showers emit radio waves that can be used to measure the properties of cosmic-ray primary particles. The radio detection technique presents several advantages, such as low cost and year-round duty cycle as well as the ability to provide high sensitivity to Xmax and energy estimation with minimal theoretical uncertainties, making it a promising tool for studying cosmic rays at the highest energies. However, the primary limitation of radio detection is the irreducible background from various sources that obscure the impulsive signals generated by air showers. To address this issue, we investigated the use of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), trained on CoREAS simulations and radio backgrounds measured by a prototype station at the South Pole. We developed two different CNNs: a Classifier that distinguishes between cosmic ray event radio signals and pure background waveforms, and a Denoiser that mitigates background noise to recover the underlying cosmic-ray signal. After training the networks we apply them to the air-shower data to search for radio events. With two months data, we were able to identify 51 candidate events. The event’s arrival direction reconstructed using CNN denoised radio waveforms is found to bein good agreement with the IceTop reconstruction. Finally, our approach demonstrated improved directional reconstruction compared to traditional methods.