cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
German Farmers' Perception of Climate Change Effects and Determinants Influencing Their Climate Awareness
Creators: name: Jänecke, Aileen
name: Eisele, Marius
name: Reinmuth, Evelyn
name: Steinbach, Jennifer
name: Aurbacher, Joachim
name: Jänecke, Aileen
name: Eisele, Marius
name: Reinmuth, Evelyn
name: Steinbach, Jennifer
name: Aurbacher, Joachim
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: perception
subject: climate change effects
subject: German farmers
subject: regression analysis

description: This paper focuses on the attitude of German farmers towards climate change effects and aims to identify determinants affecting their perception of weather conditions. For this purpose, descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression approaches were applied. Data was collected using a questionnaire survey, which was conducted in spring 2013 among 173 German farmers in the two regions Swabian Alb and Kraichgau. The analyses revealed that four main factors influence the perception of weather variability. In particular, respondents’ age, the region where the farm is located, the share of agricultural income and the farm profit are statistically significantly related with the degree of support for the respective weather statements. The findings further indicated age of farmer, location of the farm, method of production and farm size as significant predictors concerning the farm leader’s perception of climate change consequences. As descriptive statistics revealed, the majority of farmers perceive for their location a change in weather conditions, an increase in weather variability as well as decreasing predictability of weather and expect consequences for their farming activities due to these developments.
Geometry of learning neural quantum states
Creators: name: Park, Chae-Yeun
name: Kastoryano, Michael J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Combining insights from machine learning and quantum Monte Carlo, the stochastic reconfiguration method with neural network Ansatz states is a promising new direction for high-precision ground state estimation of quantum many-body problems. Even though this method works well in practice, little is known about the learning dynamics. In this paper, we bring to light several hidden details of the algorithm by analyzing the learning landscape. In particular, the spectrum of the quantum Fisher matrix of complex restricted Boltzmann machine states exhibits a universal initial dynamics, but the converged spectrum can dramatically change across a phase transition. In contrast to the spectral properties of the quantum Fisher matrix, the actual weights of the network at convergence do not reveal much information about the system or the dynamics. Furthermore, we identify a new measure of correlation in the state by analyzing entanglement in eigenvectors. We show that, generically, the learning landscape modes with least entanglement have largest eigenvalue, suggesting that correlations are encoded in large flat valleys of the learning landscape, favoring stable representations of the ground state.
description: 18 pages, 10 Figures, close to a version published in Physical Review Research
New parity-violating photon-axion interaction
Creators: name: Majumdar, Parthasarathi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A variant of an earlier proposal by the author and SenGupta, to describe four dimensional Maxwell electrodynamics in Einstein-Cartan spacetimes through a Kalb-Ramond field as an intermediary, is shown to lead to a new Maxwell-Kalb-Ramond coupling that violates spatial parity, even when the KR gauge field has its standard parity assignment. One consequence of this coupling seems to be a modulation, independent of wavelength but dependent on the KR field strength, of the intensity of synchrotron radiation observed from distant galactic sources.
description: 5 pages, Revtex, no figures, a paragraph added to explain approximations made. No essential changes in results
Fast computation of soft tissue thermal response under deformation based on fast explicit dynamics finite element algorithm for surgical simulation
Creators: name: Zhang, Jinao
name: Chauhan, Sunita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: During thermal heating surgical procedures such as electrosurgery, thermal ablative treatment and hyperthermia, soft tissue deformation due to tool-tissue interaction and patients' motion can affect the distribution of induced thermal energy. Tissue temperature must be efficiently and accurately obtained from deformed tissues for precise thermal energy delivery; however, the classical Pennes bio-heat transfer can handle only the static non-moving state of soft tissue. This paper presents a formulation of bio-heat transfer under the effect of tissue deformation for fast or near real-time tissue temperature computation, based on fast explicit dynamics finite element algorithm for transient heat transfer. The proposed computation is achieved by transformation of the unknown deformed tissue state to the known initial non-moving state via a mapping function. The appropriateness and effectiveness of the proposed methodology are evaluated on a realistic virtual human liver with blood vessels to demonstrate a clinically relevant scenario of thermal ablation of hepatic cancer. Compared against the established non-linear procedures from commercial finite element analysis package, ABAQUS/CAE, the proposed methodology can achieve a typical 1.0e-3 level of normalized relative error at nodes and between 1.0e-4 and 1.0e-5 level of total errors, which is in good agreement with ABAQUS solutions. The proposed method consumes slightly more time than the formulation without soft tissue deformation, and computation performance of five different formulations are examined. The proposed method can be applied with bio-mechanical deformable models for fast or near real-time computation of non-linear bio-heat transfer, leading to translational potential in dynamic tissue temperature predictive analysis and thermal dosimetry computation for computer-integrated medical education and personalized treatments.
description: Accepted for publication in Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine
Underlying Beliefs of Behavioral Intentions Regarding Tourism Enhancement in Georgia
Creators: name: Heiny, Jennifer
name: Schmidt, Peter
name: Leonhäuser, Ingrid-Ute
name: Heiny, Jennifer
name: Schmidt, Peter
name: Leonhäuser, Ingrid-Ute
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Theory of Planned Behavior
subject: structural equation modeling
subject: Georgia
subject: tourism
subject: private household

description: Especially rural areas in Post-Soviet countries are struggling at the poverty line. Additional income sources are essential. In the case of two remote rural regions in the Greater and Lesser Caucasus, one such source is the tourism sector. A structural equation model is applied to assess which influential factors determine the intention of private households to enhance activities in the tourism sector. The Theory of Planned Behavior (AJZEN, 1991) serves as the framework for the analysis. The strongest influence is exerted by subjective norm, followed by perceived behavioral control while attitude fails to have a significant effect on intention. An analysis of the underlying beliefs that guide the formation of the constructs shows that the family has the strongest influence on subjective norm, suggesting the importance of interventions that target not only the individual, but also the social aggregate. Furthermore the model indicates that bank loans can foster the perceived ability of enhancing touristic activities while personal illness is perceived as a significant threat to the behavior.
MAIDCRL: Semi-centralized Multi-Agent Influence Dense-CNN Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Nipu, Ayesha Siddika
name: Liu, Siming
name: Harris, Anthony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Distributed decision-making in multi-agent systems presents difficult challenges for interactive behavior learning in both cooperative and competitive systems. To mitigate this complexity, MAIDRL presents a semi-centralized Dense Reinforcement Learning algorithm enhanced by agent influence maps (AIMs), for learning effective multi-agent control on StarCraft Multi-Agent Challenge (SMAC) scenarios. In this paper, we extend the DenseNet in MAIDRL and introduce semi-centralized Multi-Agent Dense-CNN Reinforcement Learning, MAIDCRL, by incorporating convolutional layers into the deep model architecture, and evaluate the performance on both homogeneous and heterogeneous scenarios. The results show that the CNN-enabled MAIDCRL significantly improved the learning performance and achieved a faster learning rate compared to the existing MAIDRL, especially on more complicated heterogeneous SMAC scenarios. We further investigate the stability and robustness of our model. The statistics reflect that our model not only achieves higher winning rate in all the given scenarios but also boosts the agent's learning process in fine-grained decision-making.
description: 2022 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG)
Model diagnostics for censored regression via randomized survival probabilities
Creators: name: Li, Longhai
name: Wu, Tingxuan
name: Feng, Cindy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Residuals in normal regression are used to assess a model's goodness-of-fit (GOF) and discover directions for improving the model. However, there is a lack of residuals with a characterized reference distribution for censored regression. In this paper, we propose to diagnose censored regression with normalized randomized survival probabilities (RSP). The key idea of RSP is to replace the survival probability of a censored failure time with a uniform random number between 0 and the survival probability of the censored time. We prove that RSPs always have the uniform distribution on $(0,1)$ under the true model with the true generating parameters. Therefore, we can transform RSPs into normally-distributed residuals with the normal quantile function. We call such residuals by normalized RSP (NRSP residuals). We conduct simulation studies to investigate the sizes and powers of statistical tests based on NRSP residuals in detecting the incorrect choice of distribution family and non-linear effect in covariates. Our simulation studies show that, although the GOF tests with NRSP residuals are not as powerful as a traditional GOF test method, a non-linear test based on NRSP residuals has significantly higher power in detecting non-linearity. We also compared these model diagnostics methods with a breast-cancer recurrent-free time dataset. The results show that the NRSP residual diagnostics successfully captures a subtle non-linear relationship in the dataset, which is not detected by the graphical diagnostics with CS residuals and existing GOF tests.
description: Accepted version. 12 pages
Assembly of Super-Earth Systems in a Magnetospherically Truncated Protoplanetary Disk
Creators: name: Yu, Tze Yeung Mathew
name: Hasegawa, Yasuhiro
name: Hansen, Brad
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: protoplanetary disk
planetary migration
Super Earth
Sub-Neptune

description: In the last decade, many works tried to explain the origin of the observed close-in Super-Earth and Sub-Neptune population using type-I migration during the protoplanetary disk phase; it is anticipated that disk-planet interaction moves them close to their host stars and the migrational effect is negated near 10-days orbit by invoking planet trap. Most works assume truncations in the protoplanetary disks caused by the host stars' magnetic field and employ sharp drop-offs in surface densities to model the truncations. In this presentation, we will show that we can construct a more realistic model by re-applying existing accretion disk model around white dwarfs to protoplanetary disks accreting onto their host star. In our model, we consider not only the host star’s magnetic field truncating the disk but also the field diffusing into the inner region of the disk. We treat both accretion heating in the disk and passive heating from the host star self-consistently. We will demonstrate that model parameters, such as magnetic-field strengths and profiles, strongly affect the migrational behavior of planets in our model, which is critical in understanding the orbital distribution of observed close-in super-Earths. A subset of our parameter is able to produce populations similar to observations.
Accounting for the finiteness of the Higgs-boson mass in the 3D Georgi-Glashow model
Creators: name: Antonov, Dmitri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (2+1)-dimensional Georgi-Glashow model is explored in the regime when the Higgs boson is not infinitely heavy, but its mass is rather of the same order of magnitude as the mass of the W boson. In the weak-coupling limit, the Debye mass of the dual photon and the expression for the monopole potential are found. The cumulant expansion applied to the average over the Higgs field is checked to be convergent for the known data on the monopole fugacity. These results are further generalized to the SU(N)-case. In particular, it is found that the requirement of convergence of the cumulant expansion establishes a certain upper bound on the number of colours. This bound, expressed in terms of the parameter of the weak-coupling approximation, allows the number of colours to be large enough. Finally, the string tension and the coupling constant of the so-called rigidity term of the confining string are found at arbitrary number of colours.
description: 9 pages, LaTeX2e, no figures
Uzbekistan as an emerging player in the Eurasian wheat belt region: Opportunities and challenges
Creators: name: Bobojonov, Ihtiyor
name: Djanibekov, Nodir
name: Voigt, Peter
name: Bobojonov, Ihtiyor
name: Djanibekov, Nodir
name: Voigt, Peter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Wheat production
subject: Central Asia
subject: Caucasus
subject: wheat quality
subject: climate change.

description: Following the 1991 independence, Uzbekistan launched a program of national grain self-sufficiency supplemented by state subsidies and production targets. This policy measure also turned Uzbekistan from a wheat importer into an exporting country. Grounded on a throughout analysis of the post-1991 data and literature, we reconstruct the development trends in wheat sector of Uzbekistan and analyze whether it can emerge as a new player in food security in the Eurasian wheat belt region. The analysis and the discussions in the study suggest that the country has a potential to become an important supplier of wheat to neighboring countries. Although high-quality rainfed wheat is available from Kazakhstan, the central location and good road connections to the neighboring countries as well as less volatile wheat production under irrigation can provide some comparative advantages to Uzbek wheat producers. However, it is difficult to foreseen the further increase in wheat exports without the state procurement mechanism and interventions in the supply chains. Further improvement of the current procurement mechanism with introduction of market-based intensives to wheat producers is required to increase the production quality and efficiencies and the sustainability of wheat supply chain.
Additional file 4: of Erratum to: Host lifestyle affects human microbiota on daily timescales
Creators: name: David, Lawrence
name: Materna, Arne
name: Friedman, Jonathan
name: Baptista, Maria
name: Blackburn, Matthew
name: Perrotta, Allison
name: Erdman, Susan
name: Alm, Eric
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Highly abundant OTUs are also persistent. Curves show the fraction of total reads (blue) and the fraction of total OTUs (green) accounted for by OTUs present in at least a given fraction of samples. Curves made using (A) Subject A gut samples from days 0 to 69 and 136 to 364, (B) Subject B gut samples from days 0 to 144, and (C) all Subject A saliva samples. (PDF 185 kb)
Unpolarized and spin-dependent DIS structure functions in Double-Logarithmic Approximation
Creators: name: Ermolaev, B. I.
name: Troyan, S. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate how to calculate perturbative components of the structure functions F_1 (for unpolarized DIS) and g_1 (spin-dependent DIS) in Double-Logarithmic Approximation, studying separately the cases of fixed and running QCD coupling. We show that as long as only ladder graphs are accounted for (throughout the talk we use the Feynman gauge for virtual gluons) there is no difference at all between F_1 and g_1. However, accounting for contributions of non-ladder graphs brings an essential difference between them. Applying the Saddle-Point method to the obtained expressions for F_1 and g_1 allows us to arrive at their small-x asymptotics. The both asymptotics are of the Regge kind but with different intercepts. The intercept of F_1 proved to be greater than unity, so it is a new contribution to Pomeron. Finally, we discuss the applicability region of the Regge asymptotics and demonstrate that inappropriate replacement of F_1 and g_1 by their asymptotics outside the applicability region can lead to introducing phenomenological Pomerons for both unploarized and spin-dependent processes.
description: Talk given at 18th Workshop on High Energy Spin Physics (DSPIN -19) Dubna, Russia. 5 pp
SPEICHERUNG VON PV-ENERGIE UND NUTZUNG IN DER MILCHPRODUKTION - NETZDIENLICHKEIT UND WIRTSCHAFTLICHKEIT
Creators: name: Skau, Katharina
name: Bettinger, Carola
name: Spielmann, Verena
name: Fuchs, Clemens
name: Beck, Hans-Peter
name: Skau, Katharina
name: Bettinger, Carola
name: Spielmann, Verena
name: Fuchs, Clemens
name: Beck, Hans-Peter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Political Economy
subject: Energiemarkt
subject: Geschäftsmodelle
subject: Strom-Eigenverbrauch
subject: Lastverschiebung
subject: Speicherung

description: Ein Viertel der in Deutschland installierten Photovoltaikanlagen befindet sich auf Dächern landwirtschaftlicher Gebäude (ima, 2013). Die volatile PV-Leistung ist typischerweise nur selten zu den Zeitpunkten verfügbar, zu denen im Landwirtschaftsbetrieb Lastspitzen erreicht werden. Hier wird als Beispiel die Milchproduktion mit Lastspitzen zu morgendlichen und abendlichen Melkzeiten betrachtet. Die fluktuierende Ein- und Ausspeisung kann zu einer Belastung der vorgelagerten Verteilnetze führen. Ein Ausgleich könnte durch Lastverschiebung oder die Installation eines elektrischen Speichers erfolgen. In den hier vorgestellten Berechnungen wird untersucht, in wie weit sich ein mögliches netzdienliches Verhalten des Landwirtschaftsbetriebes durch eine täglich konstante Austauschleistung mit dem vorgelagerten Netz mit einem wirtschaftlich orientierten Verhalten durch rechtliche Anreizmechanismen deckt. Die Betrachtungen kommen zu dem Ergebnis, dass unter wirtschaftlichen Gesichtspunkten die Installation eines Speichers nicht sinnvoll ist, jedoch die Steigerung des direkten Eigenverbrauchs durch Verschiebung flexibler Lasten einen Gewinnzuwachs generieren kann. Im Vergleich zur möglichen konstanten Austauschleistung bei netzdienlichen Verhalten weißt die Austauschleistung für die wirtschaftlichen Fälle jedoch höhere Schwankungen zwischen den Extremwerten auf. Treten Einspeisespitzen insbesondere in den Mittagsstunden auf, können sie zusammen mit anderen im gleichen Netzgebiet installierten PV-Anlagen zu einer erhöhten Belastung der Netze und damit einhergehend zur Verletzung von Betriebsgrenzwerten in den Verteilnetzen führen. Einspeisung in den Mittagsstunden tritt in den betrachteten Fällen trotz Eigenverbrauchserhöhung in verschiedener Ausprägung auf, sodass diese Betriebsweise aus Netzsicht keinen Vorteil gegenüber dem unbeeinflussten Betrieb bringt.
Lower central series and free resolutions of hyperplane arrangements
Creators: name: Schenck, Henry K.
name: Suciu, Alexander I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16E05, 20F14, 52C35 (Primary), 16S37 (Secondary)

description: If $M$ is the complement of a hyperplane arrangement, and $A=H^*(M,\k)$ is the cohomology ring of $M$ over a field of characteristic 0, then the ranks, $ϕ_k$, of the lower central series quotients of $π_1(M)$ can be computed from the Betti numbers, $b_{ii}=\dim_{\k} \Tor^A_i(\k,\k)_i$, of the linear strand in a (minimal) free resolution of $\k$ over $A$. We use the Cartan-Eilenberg change of rings spectral sequence to relate these numbers to the graded Betti numbers, $b'_{ij}=\dim_{\k} \Tor^E_i(A,\k)_j$, of a (minimal) resolution of $A$ over the exterior algebra $E$. From this analysis, we recover a formula of Falk for $ϕ_3$, and obtain a new formula for $ϕ_4$. The exact sequence of low degree terms in the spectral sequence allows us to answer a question of Falk on graphic arrangements, and also shows that for these arrangements, the algebra $A$ is Koszul iff the arrangement is supersolvable. We also give combinatorial lower bounds on the Betti numbers, $b'_{i,i+1}$, of the linear strand of the free resolution of $A$ over $E$; if the lower bound is attained for $i = 2$, then it is attained for all $i \ge 2$. For such arrangements, we compute the entire linear strand of the resolution, and we prove that all components of the first resonance variety of $A$ are local. For graphic arrangements (which do not attain the lower bound, unless they have no braid sub-arrangements), we show that $b'_{i,i+1}$ is determined by the number of triangles and $K_4$ subgraphs in the graph.
description: 25 pages, to appear in Trans. Amer. Math. Soc
Emergency reserves, private storage, or trade? How to prevent extreme grain prices in a two country setting
Creators: name: Brockhaus, Jan
name: Kalkuhl, Matthias
name: Brockhaus, Jan
name: Kalkuhl, Matthias
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Emergency reserves
subject: private storage
subject: cooperation
subject: food price volatility
subject: extreme grain prices

description: A broad set of trade, private storage, and public reserve related policies to stabilize food prices are analyzed in a two country model with private stockholders and producers featuring rational expectations. Major findings include that trade is a highly efficient and cost free stabilization mechanism. Even if subsidized, private storage hardly manages to avoid extreme price spikes although it is very efficient in reducing the expected volatility in normal times. In contrast, a public emergency reserve can be very useful in compensating large supply shortages at a reasonable level of fiscal costs with minimal side effects.
Exchange Rate Volatility and Grain Trade: A Gravity Model Analysis at the Sectoral Level
Creators: name: Steinbach, Sandro
name: Steinbach, Sandro
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
International Relations/Trade

description: There has been a controversy among economists on whether exchange rate volatility has a negative effect on trade. We will investigate this issue by making use of a sectoral gravity model of global grain trade. Our identification strategy carefully addresses endogeneity issues present in earlier studies. Using a long panel, we are able to show that exchange rate volatility has a negative impact on bilateral export trade flows. The magnitude of this effect can vary widely, depending on the market under study, which is an indicator for substantial heterogeneity among sectors.
A holographic mobile-based application for practicing pronunciation of basic English vocabulary for Spanish speaking children
Creators: name: Cerezo, R.
name: Calderon, V.
name: Romero, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper describes a holographic mobile-based application designed to help Spanish-speaking children to practice the pronunciation of basic English vocabulary words. The mastery of vocabulary is a fundamental step when learning a language but is often perceived as boring. Producing the correct pronunciation is frequently regarded as the most difficult and complex skill for new learners of English. In order to address these problems this research takes advantage of the power of multi-channel stimuli (sound, image and interaction) in a mobilebased hologram application in order to motivate students and improve their experience of practicing. We adapted the prize-winning HolograFX game and developed a new mobile application to help practice English pronunciation. A 3D holographic robot that acts as a virtual teacher interacts via voice with the children. To test the tool we carried out an experiment with 70 Spanish pre-school children divided into three classes, the control group using traditional methods such as images in books and on the blackboard, and two experimental groups using our drills and practice software. One experimental group used the mobile application without the holographic game and the other experimental group used the application with the holographic game. We performed pre-test and post-test performance assessments, a satisfaction survey and emotion analysis. The results are very promising. They show that the use of the holographic mobile-based application had a significant impact on the children's motivation. It also improved their performance compared to traditional methods used in the classroom.
HETEROGENEITY IN PRICE CHANGES IN THE GERMAN BUTTER MARKET
Creators: name: Tifaoui, Said
name: Von Cramon-Taubadel, Stephan
name: Tifaoui, Said
name: Von Cramon-Taubadel, Stephan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Generalized Linear Mixed models
subject: Vertical Price Transmission
subject: Scanner data
subject: German butter market

description: We show how the measurement scale affects the results of the vertical price transmission analysis. We aim to answer the following question: how changes in wholesale prices (i.e. changes in the margin) affect the changes in the retail price of butter in Germany? We find that the average margin of the chains which change more frequently their prices is twofold the standard deviation of average margin in the German butter market, whereas, the chains characterized by less frequency in their price changes have an average margin which is a fold the standard deviation below this average margin.
Are the Federal Crop Insurance Subsidies Equitably Distributed? Evidence from a Monte Carlo Simulation Analysis
Creators: name: Ramirez, Octavio A.
name: Carpio, Carlos E.
name: Ramirez, Octavio A.
name: Carpio, Carlos E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: agricultural subsidies
subject: crop insurance premiums
subject: farmer welfare
subject: risk management agency

description: This study hypothetically analyzes the distribution of the premiums paid and thus the subsidies received by farmers participating in the Risk Management Agency (RMA) multi-peril crop insurance program. The results show a wide spread in the effective subsidy levels, to where some producers might not be receiving any subsidies at all (i.e., they actually pay close to their full actuarially fair premium), while others only pay a small fraction of their actuarially fair premium. More importantly, the results show that “shrinkage” estimators such as the one used by the RMA have the unintended negative consequence of disproportionally subsidizing farmers who are less effective in managing risk. Producers whose farms exhibit higher downside yield variability receive much more generous subsidies than those with lower levels of yield variability.
An insight into the extragalactic transient and variable microJy radio sky across multiple decades
Creators: name: Radcliffe, Jack F.
name: Beswick, Robert. J.
name: Thomson, A. P.
name: Garrett, Michael A.
name: Barthel, Peter D.
name: Muxlow, Thomas W. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mJy variable extragalactic radio sky is known to be broadly non-changing with approximately $3\%$ of persistent radio sources exhibiting variability which is largely AGN-related. In the faint (
description: Accepted MNRAS, 16 pages, 8 figures
Formation of terrestrial planets in close binary systems: the case of Alpha Centauri A
Creators: name: Barbieri, M.
name: Marzari, F.
name: Scholl, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At present the possible existence of planets around the stars of a close binary system is still matter of debate. Can planetary bodies form in spite of the strong gravitational perturbations of the companion star? We study in this paper via numerical simulation the last stage of planetary formation, from embryos to terrestrial planets in the Alpha Cen system, the prototype of close binary systems. We find that Earth class planets can grow around Alpha Cen A on a time-scale of 50 Myr. In some of our numerical models the planets form directly in the habitable zone of the star in low eccentric orbits. In one simulation two of the final planets are in a 2:1 mean motion resonance that, however, becomes unstable after 200 Myr. During the formation process some planetary embryos fall into the stars possibly altering their metallicity.
description: accepted for pubblication in A&A, 13 pages, 9 figures
IAG-FA-GSWR-JSG1 2020 Mid-term Report PPT
Creators: name: Calabia, Andres
name: Shah, Munawar
name: Adhikari, Binod
name: Amory-Mazaudier, Christine
name: Maute, Astrid
name: Lu, Gang
name: Chukwuma, Anoruo
name: Jimoh, Oluwaseyi Emmanuel
name: Mehta, Piyush M.
name: Yuan, LiangLiang
name: Maruyama, Naomi
name: Ayorinde, Toyese Tunde
name: Owolabi, Charles
name: Ariyibi, Emmanuel Abiodun
name: Bolaji, Olawale S.
name: Yasyukevich, Yury
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Mid-term report about recent activities and future works of the Join Study Group 1: Coupling processes between magnetosphere, thermosphere, and ionosphere. This group is implemented at the International Association of Geodesy (IAG) Inter-Commission Committee on Theory (ICCT); joint with IAG Global Geodetic Observing System (GGOS), Focus Area on Geodetic Space Weather Research (FA-GSWR), and IAG Commission 4, and IAG subCommission 4.3.
Landau theory of the Fermi-liquid to electron glass transition
Creators: name: Dalidovich, Denis
name: Dobrosavljevic, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A lattice model of spinless interacting electrons is used to formulate the Landau theory of the Fermi liquid to electron glass quantum phase transition. We demonstrate that the presence of additional random site energies does not affect the character of the transition, once the replica symmetry breaking is considered self-consistently at the mean-field level. Inside the glass phase, the low temperature conductivity assumes a non-Fermi liquid ~ T^{3/2} form, in agreement with recent experiments.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
Quantum mechanics as a solution to the classical self-force problem
Creators: name: Knoll, Yehonatan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is argued that, contrary to conventional wisdom, no trustworthy universal self-force/radiative corrections to the Lorentz force equation, can be derived from the basic tenets of classical electrodynamics. This concords with the apparent randomness observed in quantum mechanical scattering experiments and with the absence of any experimental support for such universality. In a recent paper [11], the statistical effect of radiative corrections to the motion of charged bodies has been derived from the basic tenets and does take a universal form, described by quantum mechanical wave equations -- again conforming with experiment. As that derivation assumes nothing about the size, mass or composition of the body, it is conjectured that quantum mechanics is the appropriate framework for dealing also with radiative corrections to the motion of macroscopic bodies.
description: This is a greatly expanded version of J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 43 055401, relating that work to the classical self-force problem, and further analyzing the mathematical structure of ECD. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1201.5281
Method to Observe Anomaly of Magnetic Susceptibility for Quantum Spin Systems
Creators: name: Aiba, Nobutaka
name: Nomura, Kiyohide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new method for studying the anomaly of magnetic susceptibility $χ$ that indicates a phase transition for quantum spin systems. In addition, we introduce the fourth derivative $A$ of the lowest energy eigenvalue per site with respect to magnetization, that is, the second derivative of $χ^{-1}$. To verify the validity of this method, we apply it to an $S=1/2$ XXZ antiferromagnetic chain. The lowest energy of the chain is calculated by numerical diagonalization. As a result, the anomaly of $χ$ and $A$ exists at zero magnetization. That of $A$ is easier to observe than that of $χ$, which indicates that the observation of $A$ is a more efficient method to evaluate an anomaly than that of $χ$. The observation of $A$ reveals an anomaly that shows the high order phase transition, namely, the fourth order phase transition. Our method is helpful for analyzing critical phenomena.
description: 12pages, 27 figures
Red Meat Sector in Egypt: An Economic Framework
Creators: name: K. Abdou, Dyaa
name: Soliman, Ibrahim
name: K. Abdou, Dyaa
name: Soliman, Ibrahim
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1983
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Production Economics
subject: Public Economics
subject: Red Meat Sector in Egypt: An Economic Framework
subject: Red Meat
subject: Egypt

description: The 18th, Annual Conference of Statistics, Computer Science, Operation Research & Mathematics, 26-29 December 1983, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt, Volume 18, No 1.
Geometry of free cyclic submodules over ternions
Creators: name: Havlicek, Hans
name: Matras, Andrzej
name: Pankov, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Given the algebra $T$ of ternions (upper triangular $2\times 2$ matrices) over a commutative field $F$ we consider as set of points of a projective line over $T$ the set of all free cyclic submodules of $T^2$. This set of points can be represented as a set of planes in the projective space over $F^6$. We exhibit this model, its adjacency relation, and its automorphic collineations. Despite the fact that $T$ admits an $F$-linear antiautomorphism, the plane model of our projective line does not admit any duality.
description: This work was carried out within the framework of the Scientific and Technological Cooperation Poland-Austria 2010--2011
Stability of rotating states in a weakly-interacting Bose-Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Kavoulakis, G. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the lowest state of a rotating, weakly-interacting Bose-Einstein condensate trapped in a harmonic confining potential that is driven by an infinitesimally asymmetric perturbation. Although in an axially-symmetric confining potential the gas has an axially-symmetric single-particle density distribution, we show that in the presence of the small asymmetric perturbation its lowest state is the one given by the mean-field approximation, which is a broken-symmetric state. We also estimate the rate of relaxation of angular momentum when the gas is no longer driven by the asymmetric perturbation and identify two regimes of "slow" and "fast" relaxation. States of certain symmetry are found to be more robust.
description: 6 pages, RevTex
Exciton-Polaritons in Uniaxially Aligned Organic Microcavities
Creators: name: Roux, F. Le
name: Taylor, R. A.
name: Bradley, D. D. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we report the fabrication and optical characterization of organic microcavities containing liquid-crystalline conjugated polymers (LCCPs): poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-co-benzothiadiazole) (F8BT), poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene) (PFO) and poly(2,7-(9,9-dihexylfluorene)-co-bithiophene) (F6T2) aligned on top of a thin transparent Sulfuric Dye 1 (SD1) photoalignment layer. We extract the optical constants of the aligned films using variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry and fabricate metallic microcavities in which the ultrastrong coupling regime is manifest both for the aligned and non-aligned LCCPs. Transition dipole moment alignment enables a systematic increase in the interaction strength, with unprecedented solid-state Rabi splitting energies up to 1.80 eV for F6T2, the first to reach the visible spectrum; with an optical gap of 2.79 eV this also gives the highest-to-date organic microcavity coupling ratio, 65$\%$. We also demonstrate that the coupling strength is polarization-dependent with bright polaritons photoluminescence for TE polarization parallel to the transition dipoles and either no emission or weakly coupled emission from the corresponding TM polarization. The use of uniaxally aligned organic microcavities with switchable coupling strength offers exciting prospects for direct observations of ultrastrong coupling signatures, quantum simulation, polaritonics and condensation related phenomena.
description: Supplementary Information is available upon request (preferably via e-mail)
Additional file 3: of Erratum to: Host lifestyle affects human microbiota on daily timescales
Creators: name: David, Lawrence
name: Materna, Arne
name: Friedman, Jonathan
name: Baptista, Maria
name: Blackburn, Matthew
name: Perrotta, Allison
name: Erdman, Susan
name: Alm, Eric
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Microbiota similarity over time measured with the Jensen-Shannon Distance (JSD). (A-C) Pairwise JSD distances between Subject A gut samples (A), Subject B gut samples (B), and Subject A saliva samples (C). (D-K) Median pairwise JSD as a function of sample temporal distance (blue points). The median value for each curve is shown as a solid red line. Asymptotic curves, which appear to converge on the solid red lines, are consistent with the notion of a stable microbiota over a given date range (D-F, H, K). Notably, pairwise JSD curves spanning distinct stable periods do not exhibit asymptotic behavior (G), or have relatively high asymptotes (J). (PDF 1966 kb)
A point model for the free cyclic submodules over ternions
Creators: name: Havlicek, Hans
name: Odehnal, Boris
name: Kosiorek, Jaroslaw
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 51B99, 51C99, 14J26, 16D40

description: We show that the set of all (unimodular and non-unimodular) free cyclic submodules of T^2, where T is the ring of ternions over a commutative field, admits a point model in terms of a smooth algebraic variety.
Suitability Analysis of Holographic vs Light Field and 2D Displays for Subjective Quality Assessment of Fourier Holograms
Creators: name: Ahar, Ayyoub
name: Chlipala, Maksymilian
name: Birnbaum, Tobias
name: Zaperty, Weronika
name: Symeonidou, Athanasia
name: Kozacki, Tomasz
name: Kujawinska, Malgorzata
name: Schelkens, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Visual quality assessment of digital holograms is facing many challenges. Main difficulties are related to the limited spatial resolution and angular field of view of holographic displays in combination with the complexity of steering and operating them for such tasks. Alternatively, non-holographic displays - and in particular light-field displays - can be utilized to visualize the numerically reconstructed content of a digital hologram. However, their suitability as alternative for holographic displays has not been validated. In this research, we have investigated this issue via a set of comprehensive experiments. We used Fourier holographic principle to acquire a diverse set of holograms, which were either computer-generated from point clouds or optically recorded from real macroscopic objects. A final public data set comprising 96 holograms was created using three compression methods which encoded the holograms at four bit-depths. Three separate subjective-tests were conducted using a holographic display, a light field display and a 2D display. For these subjective experiments, a double stimulus, multi-perspective, multi-depth subjective testing methodology was designed and implemented. The tests show that the non-holographic displays indicate a higher sensitivity to artifacts than the holographic display, though at the same time it is demonstrated they are highly correlated. This indicates that the numerically reconstructed holograms rendered on a light field or 2D display have a high predictive value for the perceived quality on holographic display.
description: This paper consists of 15 pages
Financing and operating questions of sports facilities
Creators: name: Becsky, Andras
name: Orban, Ildiko
name: Dekan, Tamas
name: Bacs, Zoltan
name: Herczeg, Adrienn
name: Becsky, Andras
name: Orban, Ildiko
name: Dekan, Tamas
name: Bacs, Zoltan
name: Herczeg, Adrienn
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Public Economics
subject: sport
subject: facility management
subject: finance
subject: subsidies

description: This paper tends to present financing and operating questions of sports facilities. Infrastructure is very important for the sport businesses. Sports facilities and sports institutions, infrastructure development, and their legal, financial, accounting conditionality can be defined by the investors and the government (subsidies, taxes, etc.). Financial questions and IT background of facility management can be crucial for the enterprises interested in operating sports businesses. The paper focuses on these kinds of aspects of facility management based on practical examples.
Final reheating temperature on a single brane
Creators: name: Allahverdi, Rouzbeh
name: Mazumdar, Anupam
name: Pérez-Lorenzana, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We make a generic remark on thermal history of a single brane cosmology in models with an infinitely large single extra dimension. We point out that the reheat temperature of the Universe is bounded by an excess production of gravitons from the thermal bath. The actual bound is given by the brane tension. If the initial temperature of the Universe is larger than this bound, then an efficient graviton production shall prevail. However, the brane cools down gradually as the Kaluza-Klein gravitons take the energy in excess away from the brane. The cooling continues until the radiation dominated phase is restored, which occurs before the Big Bang Nucleosynthesis. We argue whatsoever be the early evolution of the Universe, the final radiation dominated phase always starts after the Universe transits from non-conventional era to the standard cosmological era.
description: 11 pages, no figures. Major changes. Bounds on brane tension removed
Additional file 1 of Severe, but not mild to moderate, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease associated with increased risk of subclinical coronary atherosclerosis
Creators: name: Hsiao, Chia-Chi
name: Pai-Hsueh Teng
name: Wu, Yun-Ju
name: Shen, Yi-Wen
name: Mar, Guang-Yuan
name: Fu-Zong Wu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplement Table 1. Definition of CAD-RADS category system and vulnerable plaque(s). Supplement Table 2. Clinical characteristics of study subjects according to the severity of with or without NAFLD. Supplement Table 3. Clinical characteristics of study subjects according to the reference group and severe NAFLD group
Projective Ring Lines and Their Generalisations
Creators: name: Havlicek, Hans
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 51B05, 51C05,

description: We give a survey on projective ring lines and some of their substructures which in turn are more general than a projective line over a ring.
description: Combinatorics 2012, Perugia, Italy