cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Revolutions (Russian Empire)
title: Revolutions (Russian Empire)
Creators: name: Read, Christopher
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Oktoberrevolution
subject: Soviet Union--History--Revolution, 1917-1921

description: The Russian Revolution was one of the most influential events to emerge from the furnace of the First World War. It transformed Russia and its Empire and firmly planted the flag of world revolution at the centre of twentieth century world history. The Revolution was the outcome of a vast array of interacting forces, internal and external, long-term and short-term, structural and accidental. The Great War did not create the forces of revolution, but it did set them in motion and fuel them.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Between Ashes and Hope: Chittagong Hill Tracts in the Blind Spot of Bangladesh Nationalism
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: South Asians
International relations
Ethnology

description: The first major English-language anthology of essays on the ongoing crisis of militarization and ethnic displacement in the southeast region of Bangladesh. The Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT) are a formerly 98% indigenous Jumma population area, which through four decades of slow-motion, stop-and-start violence carried out by state and private actors, has become a majority Bengali region. Sitting the the crossroads of various crises, including the recent influx of Rohingya refugees from Burma, CHT represents a "blind spot" at the center of Bengali, Bangladeshi, and Bangladesh nationalism.
GREAT confirms transient nature of the circumnuclear disk
Creators: name: Requena-Torres, M. A.
name: Guesten, R.
name: Weiss, A.
name: Harris, A. I.
name: Marin-Pintado, J.
name: Stutzki, J.
name: Klein, B.
name: Heyminck, S.
name: Risacher, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report SOFIA/GREAT, Herschel/HIFI, and ground-based velocity-resolved spectroscopy of carbon monoxide (CO) rotational transitions from J=2-1 to J=16-15 toward two positions in the circum-nuclear disk (CND) in our Galactic center. Radiative transfer models were used to derive information on the physical state of the gas traced by CO. The excitation of the CO gas cannot be explained by a single physical component, but is clearly the superposition of various warm gas phases. In a two-component approach, our large velocity gradient (LVG) analysis suggests high temperatures of ~200 K with moderate gas densities of only ~10^4.5 cm^-3 for the bulk of the material. A higher excited phase, carrying ~20-30% of the column densities, is warmer (~300-500 K) but only slightly denser ~10^5.3 cm^-3. These densities are too low to self-stabilize the clumps against their high internal turbulence and fall below the Roche density (>10^7 cm^-3) at 1.5 pc galactocentric distance. We conclude that the bulk of the material in the CND is not organized by self-gravity nor stable against tidal disruption, and must be transient.
description: Accepted in A&A special issue for SOFIA/GREAT
title: Redl, Alfred
title: Redl, Alfred
Creators: name: Kronenbitter, Günther
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Redl, Alfred
subject: Redl, Alfred, 1864-1913

description: On 25 May 1913 Colonel Alfred Redl, the former head of Austria-Hungary’s military espionage, committed suicide in Vienna. As it turned out, Redl had betrayed Austria-Hungary’s spy-network in Russia and had sold sensitive information on war preparations to the Czar’s military intelligence.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Additional file 2 of The effects of selected inhibitors on human fetal adrenal steroidogenesis differs under basal and ACTH-stimulated conditions
Creators: name: Melau, Cecilie
name: Riis, Malene Lundgaard
name: Nielsen, John E.
name: Perlman, Signe
name: Lundvall, Lene
name: Thuesen, Lea Langhoff
name: Hare, Kristine Juul
name: Hammerum, Mette Schou
name: Mitchell, Rod T.
name: Frederiksen, Hanne
name: Juul, Anders
name: Jørgensen, Anne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Results of the dose-response of Abiraterone acetate treatment. This file shows ex vivo cultured HFAs steroid hormone levels following treatment with 1 μM and 10 μM Abiraterone acetate under basal conditions.
Additional file 3 of The effects of selected inhibitors on human fetal adrenal steroidogenesis differs under basal and ACTH-stimulated conditions
Creators: name: Melau, Cecilie
name: Riis, Malene Lundgaard
name: Nielsen, John E.
name: Perlman, Signe
name: Lundvall, Lene
name: Thuesen, Lea Langhoff
name: Hare, Kristine Juul
name: Hammerum, Mette Schou
name: Mitchell, Rod T.
name: Frederiksen, Hanne
name: Juul, Anders
name: Jørgensen, Anne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Results of the dose-response of Osilodrostat treatment. This file shows ex vivo cultured HFAs steroid hormone levels following treatment with 1 μM and 10 μM Osilodrostat under basal conditions.
title: Rolland, Romain
title: Rolland, Romain
Creators: name: Laroche, Josepha
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Rolland, Romain
subject: Rolland, Romain, 1866-1944

description: A pacifist writer, Romain Rolland was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1915. During the Great War, he refused to choose one camp over the other and suffered nationalist attacks. In the post war years, he developed closer ties to the ''Parti communiste français'' (PCF), the French Communist Party. But with the German occupation of France during the Second World War, he took refuge in silence.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Lorentz invariance violation and electromagnetic field in an intrinsically anisotropic spacetime
Creators: name: Chang, Zhe
name: Wang, Sai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, Kostelecky [V.A. Kostelecky, Phys. Lett. B 701, 137 (2011)] proposed that the spontaneous Lorentz invariance violation (sLIV) is related to Finsler geometry. Finsler spacetime is intrinsically anisotropic and induces naturally Lorentz invariance violation (LIV). In this paper, the electromagnetic field is investigated in locally Minkowski spacetime. The Lagrangian is presented explicitly for the electromagnetic field. It is compatible with the one in the standard model extension (SME). We show the Lorentz--violating Maxwell equations as well as the electromagnetic wave equation. The formal plane wave solution is obtained for the electromagnetic wave. The speed of light may depend on the direction of light and the lightcone may be enlarged or narrowed. The LIV effects could be viewed as influence from an anisotropic media on the electromagnetic wave. In addition, the birefringence of light will not emerge at the leading order in this model. A constraint on the spacetime anisotropy is obtained from observations on gamma--ray bursts (GRBs).
description: 16 pages. One figure and one table are added. One extra section is invoked to constrain the model with GRBs. Version for publiction at the EPJC
title: Dmowski, Roman
title: Dmowski, Roman
Creators: name: Leśniewski, Michał
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dmowski, Roman
subject: Dmowski, Roman, 1864-1939

description: Roman Stanisław Dmowski was a Polish politician and most importantly the co-founder of National Democracy in Poland before the First World War and during the interwar period. He was also the co-founder of Polish National Committee in 1917 and served as Minister of Foreign Affairs in 1923.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Photonic families of non-Gaussian entangled states and entanglement criteria for continuous-variable systems
Creators: name: Namiki, Ryo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider two classes of non-Gaussian entangled states generated from the product of number states with the action of the beamsplitter or the two-mode squeezer. It is shown that, for many of these states, the covariance matrix is compatible with the covariance matrix of separable Gaussian states and their separability cannot be verified by the measurements of the first and second moments of canonical variables. We identify a couple of continuous-variable entanglement criteria with higher order moments to verify these non-Gaussian entanglement.
description: RevTeX 7 pages, 3 figures, Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. A
La Gran Recesión y el Mundo en Desarrollo
Creators: name: Ocampo, Jose A.
name: Griffith-Jones, Stephany
name: Noman, Akbar
name: Ortiz, Ariane
name: Vallejo, Juliana
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Finance
Economics

description: Este ensayo analiza los efectos de la crisis en el mundo en desarrollo, concepto que en la acepción que utilizamos incluye lo que literatura denomina “economías emergentes” (término que carece de una clara definición1), las llamadas “economías de transición” de Europa Central y Oriental (incluyendo aquellas que son actualmente miembros de la Unión Europea), y también Asia Central. El trabajo está dividido en cinco partes. La primera repasa brevemente la naturaleza y fases de la crisis desde una perspectiva global. La segunda analiza todos los canales de transmisión de la crisis hacia el mundo en desarrollo. La tercera parte considera el comportamiento de los países en desarrollo. La cuarta se centra en las respuestas políticas por parte de la comunidad internacional, y la última parte esboza algunas conclusiones en el ámbito de la política.
title: Exploring the longitudinal stability of food neophilia and dietary quality and their prospective relationship in older adults
title: a cross-lagged panel analysis
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Wortmann, Hanna R.
name: Gisch, Ulrike A.
name: Bergmann, Manuela M.
name: Warschburger, Petra
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Poor dietary quality is a major cause of morbidity, making the promotion of healthy eating a societal priority. Older adults are a critical target group for promoting healthy eating to enable healthy aging. One factor suggested to promote healthy eating is the willingness to try unfamiliar foods, referred to as food neophilia. This two-wave longitudinal study explored the stability of food neophilia and dietary quality and their prospective relationship over three years, analyzing self-reported data from N = 960 older adults (MT1 = 63.4, range = 50–84) participating in the NutriAct Family Study (NFS) in a cross-lagged panel design. Dietary quality was rated using the NutriAct diet score, based on the current evidence for chronic disease prevention. Food neophilia was measured using the Variety Seeking Tendency Scale. The analyses revealed high a longitudinal stability of both constructs and a small positive cross-sectional correlation between them. Food neophilia had no prospective effect on dietary quality, whereas a very small positive prospective effect of dietary quality on food neophilia was found. Our findings give initial insights into the positive relation of food neophilia and a health-promoting diet in aging and underscore the need for more in-depth research, e.g., on the constructs’ developmental trajectories and potential critical windows of opportunity for promoting food neophilia.
description: Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe; 839
Building a Competitive Future Right from the Start: How Paid Leave Strengthens 21st Century Families
Creators: name: Ochshorn, Susan
name: Skinner, Curtis
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Families
Children
Parental leave

description: This paper provides a brief history of paid family leave policy, in the United States and abroad; synthesizes cutting-edge knowledge about paid leave and its impact on family and civic life; and concludes with a set of recommendations – for policymakers, researchers, public health and early childhood stakeholders, business leaders, and federal, state, and local education agencies – to guide the work going forward.
Idéologies linguistiques à l’Est de l’Ukraine à la suite du conflit russo-ukrainien de 2014: Représentations sociolinguistiques et choix de code intergroupes dans la ville de Kharkiv
Creators: name: Pletnyova, Ganna
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Critical sociolinguistics, Multilingualism, Linguistic ideologies and attitudes, Linguistic Nationalism and Intergroup Relationship, Language policy, Bilingual Accommodation.
subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: This study explores the effects of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict on the linguistic ideologies and practices of Russian-speaking Ukrainians from the city of Kharkiv, situated in the east of Ukraine, 30 kilometres from the border with Russia. Ukraine is a country with a single official language, Ukrainian, where as many as 40% of the eastern and southern population speak Russian as their first language. As Russia capitalized on the long-existing language issues at the start of the conflict in 2014, it is important to research how it influenced Russian-speaking Ukrainians. This conflict both polarized Ukrainian Russophones into competing ideological positions for or against Russia and gave fresh vigour to the linguistic debate in Ukraine. The Russian-speaking Kharkivites’ opposing political convictions and interpretations of the role of language in a nation-state affected their linguistic behaviour, motivating them to either attempt to switch to Ukrainian, to advocate bi- or multilingualism or to demonstratively use only Russian. I sought participants for my study based on these three language ideologies, determined by previous research and confirmed by my own observations. In my project, I used qualitative research methods, i.e. semi-structured interviews, which allowed me to obtain in-depth responses from participants. The field study was carried out in Kharkiv in the summer of 2018, where I interviewed 32 adult participants (an equal number of men and women) of different ages, levels of education and professions. The study results provide evidence of changes in the participants’ attitudes to Russian, Ukrainian, foreign languages and state language policy as well as shifts in their language practices and accommodation strategies of speakers of different language ideologies. As the study was carried out four years after the beginning of the conflict, its results also cast light on the evolution of language ideologies and behaviours over time.
Complementary antibody fragments (hemibodies) for effective targeting of breast cancer
Creators: name: Nowotny, Boris
name: Attah, Mary Abena
name: Ceslik, Laura
name: Von Alten-Reuss, Nina
name: Borree, Vincent
name: Stuhler, Gernot
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2023

description: Antibody-based immunotherapy has become an integral part of modern cancer treatment. We have developed a new generation of T-cell-engaging antibodies, called hemibodies, for tumour targeting. The hemibody comes as a logic-gated antibody pair that primarily targets cells co-expressing two tumour-associated antigens (TAA). This AND exclusive dual-targeting allows for highly efficient tumour elimination. Each hemibody consists of an antigen-binding domain fused to either the variable heavy (VH) or variable light (VL) chain domain of a T-cell activating anti-CD3 antibody. Upon binding to the respective target antigens, the complementary antibody halves come into close proximity and reconstitute a T-cell activating unit, followed by the formation of an immunological synapse and lysis of the target cell. In the treatment of haematopoietic neoplasms, the hemibodies have shown exceptional efficacy. This success encouraged us to use the hemibodies for treatment of breast cancer. Breast cancer is characterised by a high degree of heterogeneity and plasticity, making effective treatment difficult. Here we report on the development of a hemibody-based strategy for the treatment of breast cancer using the HER2, EpCAM, EGFR and ROR1 receptors as target antigens
title: Photography
title: Photography
Creators: name: Roberts, Hilary
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Photographie
subject: World War, 1914-1918
subject: War photography

description: The First World War represents a watershed in the history of war photography. It was the first conflict to be photographed in detail by all the participants and the first in which photography was actively exploited and controlled in support of the war effort. When war broke out in 1914, many of the skills and technical resources required to photograph it were already in place. But suitable infrastructures capable of managing photography as a mass medium in wartime were lacking. The gradual evolution of such infrastructures shaped the nature and impact of photography during the First World War.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Real-time support for interactive multimedia applications
Creators: name: Erbad, Aiman
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Emerging interactive multimedia applications, such as real-time visualizations, animations, on-line games, virtual reality, and video conferencing have low latency interactions and continuous high resource (e.g., CPU processing and network bandwidth) demands. The combination of latency sensitive interactions and high resource demands is challenging for best-effort platforms, such as the Internet, general-purpose operating systems and Web browsers because these platforms have no timing or resource guarantees and tend to favor high utilization. When demands exceed available resources, it is impossible to process all computations and data in a timely fashion resulting in diminished perceived quality (e.g., frame rate) and brittle real-time performance. The mismatch between application demands and available resources is observed to varying degrees in all resources including network, processing, and storage. To deal with the volatility and shortage of resources, we build upon and extend the Priority-Progress quality adaptation model. Our approach enables applications to scale demands (up or down) based on available resources and to utilize the limited resources in processing the computations and data with more influence over perceived quality. We develop enhancement layers to improve timeliness and guarantee more consistent quality using quality adaptation while maintaining the strengths of the existing best-effort transports and execution platforms. DOHA, our execution layer, extends the Priority-Progress CPU adaptation to work in games and across multiple execution threads. The modified game has better timing, higher perceived quality, and linearly scalable quality with a small number of cores. Our transport layer, Paceline, introduces low latency techniques over TCP and exposes Priority-Progress adaptation as an essential transport feature improving upon TCP's end-to-end latency while preserving its fairness and utilization.
Tax Structure and Tax Burden in Brazil: 1980-2004
Creators: name: Oliveria, José Teófilo
name: Giuberti, Ana Carolina
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Finance
Economics

description: This paper is an attempt to describe and exhibit the main features of the Brazilian tax system from 1980 to 2004. In the selected period, the Brazilian economy experienced a faulty economic growth process in the presence of very high rates of inflation. In essence, what is shown here is significant upward movement of the total tax revenue in the country from a level of 25 percent of GDP to an all time high of 32.8 percent in 2004. In addition it is argued that this effort to raise additional revenue occurred in the 1990s and is primarily explained by social security expenditures and by interest payments on public debt. The data collected also indicate that the tax system is dominated by indirect forms of taxation. The use of taxes on goods and services represented near 50 percent of the total tax revenue for most of the period. The paper identifies the key changes in the tax laws in the period and the current problems of design and administration of the tax system. Finally the macroeconomic context is presented and an attempt is made to relate the ups and down in the rates of economic activity and inflation to tax revenues and internal and external debt.
A combined efficient design for biomarker data subject to a limit of detection due to measuring instrument sensitivity
Creators: name: Schisterman, Enrique F.
name: Vexler, Albert
name: Ye, Aijun
name: Perkins, Neil J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Pooling specimens, a well-accepted sampling strategy in biomedical research, can be applied to reduce the cost of studying biomarkers. Even if the cost of a single assay is not a major restriction in evaluating biomarkers, pooling can be a powerful design that increases the efficiency of estimation based on data that is censored due to an instrument's lower limit of detection (LLOD). However, there are situations when the pooling design strongly aggravates the detection limit problem. To combine the benefits of pooled assays and individual assays, hybrid designs that involve taking a sample of both pooled and individual specimens have been proposed. We examine the efficiency of these hybrid designs in estimating parameters of two systems subject to a LLOD: (1) normally distributed biomarker with normally distributed measurement error and pooling error; (2) Gamma distributed biomarker with double exponentially distributed measurement error and pooling error. Three-assay design and two-assay design with replicates are applied to estimate the measurement and pooling error. The Maximum likelihood method is used to estimate the parameters. We found that the simple one-pool design, where all assays but one are random individuals and a single pooled assay includes the remaining specimens, under plausible conditions, is very efficient and can be recommended for practical use.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/11-AOAS490 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
title: Viribus Unitis, SMS
title: Viribus Unitis, SMS
Creators: name: Blasi, Walter
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Viribus Unitis
subject: World War, 1914-1918
subject: Warships

description: The Austro-Hungarian battleship ''Viribus Unitis'' was commissioned in reaction to the newly built Italian dreadnought, ''Dante Alighieri''. The ''Viribus Unitis'' was the first Austro-Hungarian ship of the so-called ''Tegetthoff''-Class. During the First World War the ''Viribus Unitis'' saw action only two times, in 1915 and 1918.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Analyse und Simulation des Gurtschieflaufs an Gurtförderanlagen
Creators: name: Otto, Hendrik Christian
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Fördertechnik
subject: Lagertechnik
subject: 658.781

description: Gurtschieflauf ist eine der häufigsten Ausfallursachen von Gurtförderanlagen und verursacht hohe Kosten für eine große Anzahl von Betreibern von Gurtförderanlagen. Obwohl die Leistungsfähigkeit der Förderanlagen in den letzten 100 Jahren extrem gesteigert wurde, tritt immer noch oft Gurtschieflauf im Betrieb auf. Dies ist hauptsächlich auf ein ungenügendes Verständnis zwischen Ursachen und auftretendem Schieflauf des Fördergurtes zurückzuführen, da in der Praxis immer mehrere Ursachen für Schieflauf gleichzeitig auftreten und es nicht möglich ist, den Einfluss einzelner Ursachen durch deren Beseitigung abzuschätzen, da diese wiederum Auswirkungen auf andere Ursachen haben können. Zwar wurde im Laufe der Jahre eine Vielzahl von Gegenmaßnahmen entwickelt, die den Gurtlauf stabilisieren oder den seitlichen Verlauf begrenzen sollen, jedoch ist der Zusammenhang zwischen Gegenmaßnahme und Lenkwirkung weitgehend unbekannt, ebenso wie die optimale Einbauposition oder die benötigte Anzahl an Lenkeinrichtungen. In dieser Arbeit werden die häufigsten Ursachen für Schieflauf beschrieben und deren Wirkungsweisen analytisch aufgearbeitet. Wenn eine analytische Beschreibung nicht möglich oder zu ungenau ist, werden numerische Methoden eingeführt, die eine Beschreibung ermöglichen. Aus verschiedenen analytischen Modellen zum Kontakt zwischen Gurt und Tragrolle/ Trommel wird ein modulares Finite-Elemente-Berechnungsmodell entwickelt, das sich effizient an jede flache oder gemuldete Förderanlage anpassen lässt. Um dieses Berechnungsmodell zu verifizieren und zu validieren, werden Versuche an einer Versuchsanlage mit einem flachen Gurt und an einer praxisnahen Versuchsanlage mit gemuldeten Gurt durchgeführt. Die Versuche an der gemuldeten Anlage ergeben einen detaillierten Einblick in die Lenkmechanismen von Tragrollen auf den Gurt. Für beide Systeme werden Modellierungsstrategien entwickelt und die Simulationsergebnisse abschließend mit den Messergebnissen verglichen. Es zeigt sich, dass eine sehr gute Übereinstimmung zwischen Messung und Simulation erreicht werden kann, wenn in der Simulation auch nichtlineare Effekte berücksichtigt werden, die an realen Anlagen auftreten können. Es wird erkennbar, dass die entwickelte Simulationsmethode leistungsfähig und flexibel genug ist, um in der Zukunft reale Gurtförderanlagen abbilden und simulieren zu können.
title: Science and Technology (Russian Empire)
title: Science and Technology (Russian Empire)
Creators: name: Palmer, Scott W.
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Russland
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Technik
subject: World War, 1914-1918--Russia
subject: World War, 1914-1918--Equipment and supplies

description: Although Russia made considerable progress in the decades preceding 1914, the onset of the First World War revealed the country's continuing dependency on foreign powers in sustaining its industrial, technological, and scientific systems. At the same time, the production demands induced by the conflict led to considerable growth in the ranks of the scientific and technical intelligentsia. It also generated a new appreciation among academics for applied research and a recognition of the need to better orient scientific findings toward practical, productive ends. While these developments had little impact on the course of the conflict, they established the foundations of the "new" Soviet scientific and technological culture which followed in the wake of the Russian Civil War.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Bootstrapping Phonetic Lexicons for New Languages
Creators: name: Maskey, Sameer R.
name: Black, Alan W
name: Tomokiyo, Laura M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Information technology
Computer science

description: Although phonetic lexicons are critical for many speech applications, the process of building one for a new language can take a significant amount of time and effort. We present a bootstrapping algorithm to build phonetic lexicons for new languages. Our method relies on a large amount of unlabeled text, a small set of ’seed words ’ with their phonetic transcription, and the proficiency of a native speaker in correctly inspecting the generated pronunciations of the words. The method proceeds by automatically building Letter-to-Sound (LTS) rules from a small set of the most commonly occurring words in a large corpus of a given language. These LTS rules are retrained as new words are added to the lexicon in an Active Learning step. This procedure is repeated until we have a lexicon that can predict the pronunciation of any word in the target language with the accuracy desired. We tested our approach for three languages: English, German and Nepali.
Some Aspects of Modeling Dependence in Copula-based Markov chains
Creators: name: Longla, Martial
name: Peligrad, Magda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J20, 60J35, 37A30

description: Dependence coefficients have been widely studied for Markov processes defined by a set of transition probabilities and an initial distribution. This work clarifies some aspects of the theory of dependence structure of Markov chains generated by copulas that are useful in time series econometrics and other applied fields. The main aim of this paper is to clarify the relationship between the notions of geometric ergodicity and geometric ρ-mixing; namely, to point out that for a large number of well known copulas, such as Clayton, Gumbel or Student, these notions are equivalent. Some of the results published in the last years appear to be redundant if one takes into account this fact. We apply this equivalence to show that any mixture of Clayton, Gumbel or Student copulas generate both geometrically ergodic and geometric ρ-mixing stationary Markov chains, answering in this way an open question in the literature. We shall also point out that a sufficient condition for ρ-mixing, used in the literature, actually implies Doeblin recurrence.
description: 12 pages
title: Sich Riflemen
title: Sich Riflemen
Creators: name: Dudko, Oksana
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Ukraine
subject: Ukraïns'ki sichovi stril'tsi

description: The Ukrainian Sich Riflemen (''Ukrains’ki Sičovi stril’tsi,'' USS) was a Ukrainian battalion within the Austro-Hungarian army. The USS was active in the defense of the Eastern Front in World War I from 1914 to 1917. Following the conclusion of hostilities, the Riflemen formed the basis of the Ukrainian Galician Army (UGA), the military arm of the West Ukrainian National Republic (''Zakhidnoukrayins’ka Narodna Respublika,'' ZUNR), and the regular army of the Ukrainian National Republic (''Ukrayins’ka Narodna Respublika,'' UNR).
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Microwave cavity-enhanced transduction for plug and play nanomechanics at room temperature
Creators: name: Faust, Thomas
name: Krenn, Peter
name: Manus, Stephan
name: Kotthaus, Jörg P.
name: Weig, Eva M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nanomechanical resonators with increasingly high quality factors are enabled following recent insights into energy storage and loss mechanisms in nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS). Consequently, efficient, non-dissipative transduction schemes are required to avoid the dominating influence of coupling losses. We present an integrated NEMS transducer based on a microwave cavity dielectrically coupled to an array of doubly-clamped pre-stressed silicon nitride beam resonators. This cavity-enhanced detection scheme allows resolving the resonators' Brownian motion at room temperature while preserving their high mechanical quality factor of 290,000 at 6.6 MHz. Furthermore, our approach constitutes an "opto"mechanical system in which backaction effects of the microwave field are employed to alter the effective damping of the resonators. In particular, cavity-pumped self-oscillation yields a linewidth of only 5 Hz. Thereby, an adjustement-free, all-integrated and self-driven nanoelectromechanical resonator array interfaced by just two microwave connectors is realised, potentially useful for applications in sensing and signal processing.
Brassica carinata for control of Phytophthora spp. in strawberry field crops
Creators: name: Barrau, Carmen
name: Porras, Maria
name: Romero, Eva
name: Zurera, Carlos
name: Ramos, Nídia
name: Soares, Celestino
name: Neto, Eugénia
name: Marreiros, António
name: Entrudo, José
name: Romero, Fernando
Publisher: name: Revista de Ciências Agrárias
Year: 2018

description: Soil biofumigation (SB) and soil solarization (SS) are nonchemical methods for the control of soilborne pathogens. SS uses solar radiation to heat soil and SB is based on the action of volatile compounds produced by the decomposition of Cruciferae, essentially glucosinolates (Gs) and isothiocyanates (ITCs). Brassica spp. are used as biofumigant because of their different concentrations and types of ITCs that are different in their toxicity against pathogenic fungi. Suppressiveness of the Brassica varies between species. Biofumigant effect depends on plant age and environmental growth conditions. Brassica carinata, the most effective species on the in vitro control of Phytophthora spp., was selected as biofumigant to evaluate and compare the ability of SB and SS to control Phytophthora spp. in soil and to enhance field production of strawberry. SB with B. carinata + SS reduce P. cactorum in soil and increases strawberry yield and fruit weigh.
description: Revista de Ciências Agrárias, vol. 32 n.º 2 (2009)
Innovative Financing for Infrastructure in Low Income Countries: How Might the G20 Help?
Creators: name: Noman, Akbar
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Economics

description: Among the outcomes of the Group of 20 (G20) Seoul Summit in November 2010 was an enhanced focus on development, especially infrastructure in low-income countries (LICs). The comprehensive work program that emerged included the establishment of a High-Level Panel for Infrastructure Investment to report to the forthcoming summit in France. Many of the actions for infrastructure development will take time to bear fruit. The aims of this think-piece are to propose some ways of responding to the G20’s initiative. One such response could comprise mobilizing innovative financing that uses the large and growing savings surpluses of some countries, often held in sovereign wealth funds (SWFs); providing those resources to LICs on appropriately concessional terms; using those resources to encourage private investments; and beginning to use the monies quickly while measures to scale up their use are taken. This document is more of a think-piece than a blueprint, and as such does not address all details of design and implementation. It does, however, pay particular attention to the region of Sub-Saharan Africa, where most LICs are and where LICs generally have worse infrastructure than LICs elsewhere. Overcoming infrastructure shortfalls is expected to have a large impact on the region’s economic growth, with significant implications for employment and poverty.
title: Sixtus Affair
title: Sixtus Affair
Creators: name: Rill, Robert
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Sixtus-Affäre
subject: World War, 1914-1918--Peace
subject: Diplomatic history

description: The Sixtus Affair was the failed attempt by Emperor Charles I. of Austria and his bother-in-law Prince Sixtus of Bourbon-Parma to conclude a compromise peace with the members of the Entente-Powers between January and May 1917.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Higgs Underproduction at the LHC
Creators: name: Dobrescu, Bogdan A.
name: Kribs, Graham D.
name: Martin, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that production of the Higgs boson through gluon-fusion may be suppressed in the presence of colored scalars. Substantial destructive interference between the top quark diagrams and colored scalar diagrams is possible due to cancellations between the real (and also imaginary) parts of the amplitudes. As an example, we consider a color-octet scalar that has a negative, order one coupling to the Higgs doublet. We find that gluon fusion can be suppressed by more than an order of magnitude when the scalar mass is below a few hundred GeV, while milder suppressions occur for larger scalar masses or smaller couplings. Thus, the standard model extended with only one particle can evade the full range of present LHC exclusion limits on the Higgs mass. The colored scalars, however, would be produced in pairs with a large rate at the LHC, leading to multi-jet final states to which the LHC experiments are now becoming sensitive.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures. Minor improvements made and references added
ELIXIR-CONVERGE D5.3 Report on the dedicated training and capacity building activities
Creators: name: Leskošek, Brane
name: Haurheeram, Vanita
name: Bianchini, Federico
name: Alper, Pinar
name: Portell-Silva, Laura
name: Åberg, Espen
name: Hospital, Adam
name: Popleteeva, Marina
name: Willassen, Nils P
name: Vidak, Marko
name: Adam-Blondon, Anne-Françoise
name: Collin, Olivier
name: Curwin, Amy
name: Freeberg, Mallory
name: Le Floch, Erwan
name: Lieby, Paulette
name: Picardi, Ernesto
name: Capella-Gutierrez, Salvador
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: ELIXIR-CONVERGE
ELIXIR
Capacity building
Training

description: One of the objectives of WP5 was to identify the needs in terms of capacity building, in the context of the 6 use cases, and to develop strategy(ies) in collaboration with WP2 to address these needs. This was achieved in three steps: Create an inventory of training resources available in the context of the use cases Send an online survey followed by a series of F2F meetings with each use case to collect their training needs Test the development of learning paths as a method to develop a structured overview of training needs in relation to a use case The method set up by the ELIXIR Training Platform to better structure the development of training resources was proved very helpful to specify the needs in terms of training and capacity building in the context of the use cases. Spelling out the priority in terms of training target and the learning path to follow to reach this target is a way to detail the different modules that are necessary. It is then possible to map on these modules the training resources that are already available and to derive a list of gaps. This method was applied for three demo cases successfully in the Plant, Marine metagenomics and Human Genome data contexts. In terms of general organisation of community resources to facilitate this type of approach, the most important actions are to make the training materials accessible for reuse and easy to find. Versioning is highly desirable, to facilitate collaborative development and maintenance of training material of the time and a DOI attribution will facilitate citation and long term findability. Findability requires additional work to organise the training events and training resources in categories and/or facilitate filtering in the context of catalogues of training resources such as TeSS or Glittr or of knowledge hubs such as the RDMkit. This is achieved in TeSS, through the annotation of the training material and linked training events with ontology terms from EDAM, as well as with custom keywords.
Addressing the Water Crisis in Gujarat, India
Creators: name: Narula, Kapil Kumar
name: Fishman, Ram
name: Modi, Vijay
name: Polycarpou, Lakis
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Water resources development--Management
Agriculture

description: This paper presents the results of the Columbia Water Center's study of the severe groundwater crisis in the Mehsana region of Northern Gujarat, India. The study concludes that the current pattern of groundwater exploitation is both costly for the state and unsustainable for farmers, and could lead to the complete failure of agriculture in the area within a few years if left unchecked. The study, funded by the PepsiCo Foundation, was conducted as the first phase of a CWC project to design more sustainable policy options to help conserve water and energy while improving farmer incomes in North Gujarat; future papers will outline the initial outcomes of the area pilot project along with resulting recommendations for policymakers in the area.
title: Sarkotić von Lovćen, Stephan Freiherr
title: Sarkotić von Lovćen, Stephan Freiherr
Creators: name: Peters, Marc Stefan
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Sarkotić von Lovćen, Stephan
subject: Sarkotić von Lovćen, Stefan, Freiherr, 1858-1939

description: Stephan Baron von Sarkotić was an Austro-Hungarian general who had already made his mark as a political officer prior to the outbreak of World War I. During the war, he formulated different approaches to solving the South Slavic problem in the Danube Monarchy. However, due to the sustained attachment of Hungary’s ruling elite to the status quo, not a single one of his ideas could be realised.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Nuclear Alarmism from Hiroshima to Al-Qaeda
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: International relations
Nuclear weapons
Weapons of mass destruction

description: Dr. John Mueller is the Woody Hayes Chair of National Security Studies at the Mershon Center and Professor of Political Science at the Ohio State University. He is the author of Overblown: How Politicians and the Terrorism Industry Inflate National Security Threats, and Why We Believe Them. The Hertog Global Strategy Initiative is a research program that employs historical analysis to confront present and future problems in world politics. Each summer, invited experts and select students gather at Columbia University for twelve weeks of intensive study, independent research, and collaborative writing on a critical issue in international affairs. The 2010 program focuses on nuclear proliferation and the future of world power.
Developing Vernacular Eurasian Resources, Then and Now and Later
Creators: name: Neal, James G.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: International relations

description: For three weeks in June, 2011, Columbia University hosted "America Engages Eurasia: Studies, Teaching, and Resources," a National Endowment for the Humanities Summer Institute.  This Institute examined the evolution of "academic" engagement with Eurasia: the historic personalities, institutions, organizations, and research resources that collectively constituted the foundation of Eurasian studies in America.  These components were considered within the broad framework of the geopolitical relations of America and Eurasia over more than 150 years, with the goal of establishing a more broadly applicable paradigm of area studies development in the United States (for Middle Eastern, East Asian, African, Latin American studies, etc.), suggesting avenues of comparative research. This presentation was delivered on June 20, 2011, by James Neal, Vice President for Information Services and University Librarian at Columbia University.
Stability of superconducting strings coupled to cosmic strings
Creators: name: Babeanu, Alexandru
name: Hartmann, Betti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the stability of superconducting strings in a U(1)_{local} x U(1)_{global} model coupled via a gauge field interaction term to U(1) Abelian-Higgs strings. The effect of the interaction on current stability is numerically investigated by varying the relevant parameters within the physical limits of our model. We find that the propagation speed of transverse (resp. longitudinal) perturbations increases (decreases) with increasing binding between the superconducting and Abelian-Higgs string. Moreover, we observe that for small enough width of the flux tube of the superconducting string and/or large enough interaction between the superconducting and the Abelian-Higgs string superconducting strings cannot carry space-like, i.e. magnetic currents. Our model can be seen as a field theoretical realization of bound states of p F-strings and q superconducting D-strings and has important implications to vorton formation during the evolution of networks of such strings.
description: 18 pages including 17 figures: v2: figures changed
title: Influenza Pandemic
title: Influenza Pandemic
Creators: name: Phillips, Howard
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Spanische Grippe
subject: Influenza Epidemic, 1918-1919

description: By examining the origins, pathways, demographic impact and consequences for the public, the medical profession and governments, of the so-called “Spanish” influenza pandemic of 1918-1919, this article establishes the main contours of the worst pandemic in modern history, which killed some 50 million people worldwide in eighteen months. In doing so, it also recognizes how closely this pandemic was connected to World War I, both in terms of how the war shaped the pandemic and vice versa. It concludes that the Great War and the Great Flu were inextricably interwoven with each other.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
MATERIAL DESIGNING FOR TEACHING SPEAKING B1 LEVELS CLASSES
Creators: name: Abdumajitova, Sarvinoz
name: Axmedova, Muyassar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This article is intended for students studying foreign languages, mainly for B1 level learners. This article includes certain skills and methods to improve the speech activities of B1 level students and improve their speaking skills. The information that is important for the study and application of the current topic in the article was obtained from books and journals.