cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Myotis nipalensis Dobson 1871
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Reeder, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Vespertilionidae
Myotis
Myotis nipalensis

description: Myotis nipalensis Dobson 1871
Myotis nipalensis Dobson 1871, Proc. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, 1871: 214.
Type Locality: Nepal, Katmandu.
Vernacular Names: Nepalese Myotis.
Subspecies::
Subspecies Myotis nipalensis subsp. nipalensis Dobson 1871
Subspecies Myotis nipalensis subsp. przewalskii Bobrinski 1926
Subspecies Myotis nipalensis subsp. transcaspicus Ognev and Heptner 1928
Distribution: Iran, Turkey, and Uzbekistan to Nepal, Mongolia, Tibet and NW China, Siberia.
Conservation: IUCN 2003 – Not evaluated; not considered in IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001).
Discussion: Often included in mystacinus, but see Benda and Tsytsulina (2000).
description: Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Chiroptera - Family Vespertilionidae, pp. 451-529 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 513, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
Financial administration of the Roman Egypt
Creators: name: Marichal, Robert
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2015

description: vue 16
description: Annotations, with bibliographical references, on several aspects of the financial administration in Roman Egypt (idios logos, basilike ge, demosia ge, etc.). Title on the cover page: 'Administration financière'
description: Source: 4MAR_22_4_2-1
description: created: n.d.
Bilan intermédiaire des actions d’évaluation de l’état de conservation de l’habitat « récifs profonds » sur le canyon de Lampaul
Creators: name: Tourolle, Julie
name: Menot, Lenaick
Publisher: name: Marha ‐ Ifremer
Year: 2024

description: Dans le contexte de la Directive Habitats, Faune, Flore, le projet européen Life Intégré Marha a pour objectif d'évaluer et d'améliorer l’état de conservation des habitats naturels marins. L'Ifremer, bénéficiaire associé à ce projet, a développé le projet ChEReef qui s'attelle à l'évaluation de l'état de santé des coraux profonds dans le canyon sous-marin de Lampaul (Golfe de Gascogne). La méthodologie développée pour les habitats de coraux profonds cherche à répondre au double objectif d’évaluation du bon état de conservation (Directive Habitat Faune Flore) et d’évaluation du bon état écologique (Directive Cadre Stratégie pour le Milieu Marin). Les deux directives partagent des points communs dans leurs critères et leurs démarches. En particulier, les évaluations cherchent à caractériser le couple état‐pression suivant trois approches : 1. Décrire et cartographier les habitats, 2. Caractériser et cartographier les pressions, 3. Etablir les conséquences des pressions sur les structures et fonctions des habitats. Les deux premières approches s’appuient sur un suivi surfacique, tandis que la troisième requiert un suivi stationnel. Ce suivi stationnel répond au besoin d’acquérir des données sur la biologie des espèces structurantes, la diversité des espèces accompagnatrices, et les processus écologiques forçant la dynamique des espèces et habitats. Les cycles d’évaluation de la DHFF et de la DCSMM ont une période de 6 ans. En environnement profond cependant, la périodicité, l’amplitude et les causes de variations naturelles des populations et des communautés sont très peu contraintes. Il est donc important de caractériser et comprendre les dynamiques naturelles des habitats profonds à différentes échelles spatio‐temporelles afin d’élaborer des indicateurs et proposer des seuils de bon état de conservation et de bon état écologique. C’est une des finalités des six campagnes océanographiques hauturières ChEReef obtenues auprès de la Flotte océanographique Française. Ces campagnes océanographiques permettent de mettre en oeuvre et d’évaluer les méthodologies de suivi stationnel et surfacique à différentes résolutions spatiales et temporelles dans un site Natura 2000 atelier.
Ce rapport constitue le livrable intermédiaire pour l'action D1 du projet marha "Assess habitat conservation status".
Circeaster americanus
Creators: name: Mah, Christopher L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Echinodermata
Asteroidea
Valvatida
Goniasteridae
Circeaster
Circeaster americanus

description: Circeaster americanus (A.H. Clark 1916)
FIGURE 8A–B, 9A–B
Clark & Downey 1992: 237; Mah 2015: 2; Garcia-Guillen et al. 2023: 231, 233
Diagnosis
Body stellate, (R/r= ~2.4 to 4.0). Granules round, scattered over abactinal disc, arm surfaces. Arm plates enlarged, bare relative to disc plates; Disc plates transition gradually to those on arm, overall disc plates similar to arm plates in overall size and shape. Superomarginal plates abutted at midline. Row of enlarged subambulacral spines present adjacent to furrow spines. Bivalve pedicellariae present on actinal and adambulacral plates.
Comments
Two clear observations of this distinctive species were observed in situ for the first time from Kuchatov Ridge (Fig. 8A–B) and Cachalote Guyote in the eastern Atlantic. A determination of Circeaster was clear from the images. This further confirms a significant new range occurrence for this species, which has historically been known only from the tropical western Atlantic (Clark & Downey 1992; Halpern 1970). Garcia-Guillen et al (2023) recorded this species in the eastern Atlantic, south of the Azores. In situ observations from EX2107 extend the lower depth range of this species to 1756 m.
Occurrence
Tropical Atlantic. Florida, Louisiana, Gulf of Mexico, North Carolina and the Caribbean, including Columbia, the Grenadines, Leeward Islands, Nicaragua, Netherlands, Antilles, St. Vincent, Suriname and Venezuela. 668–1675 m.
North Atlantic. Manning Seamount. 1333 m.
New occurrence. Eastern Atlantic. South of Azores. Kurchatov Ridge and Cachalote Guyote. 1462–1756 m.
Images Observed
Kurchatov Ridge, North Atlantic (near Azores), 40.662469, -29.384747, 1756 m EX2205_IMG_20220725T122132Z_ROVHD.jpg
Kurchatov Ridge, North Atlantic, 40.663154 -29.386514, 1658 m.
EX2205_IMG_20220725T161626Z_ROVHD.jpg
Cachalote Guyote, North Atlantic (near Azores), 39.365395, -31.969577, 1462 m EX2205_IMG_20220728T150553Z_ROVHD.jpg
EX2205_IMG_20220728T150619Z_ROVHD.jpg
Million Mounds dive site, western North Atlantic, 28.538949 -79.262737, 816 m.
EX2107_IMG_20211114T163028Z_ROVHD.jpg
EX2107_IMG_20211114T163024Z_ROVHD.jpg
description: Published as part of Mah, Christopher L., 2024, Two New Taxa of Goniasteridae (Asteroidea, Echinodermata) and Noteworthy Observations of Deep-Sea Asteroidea by the NOAA Ship Okeanos Explorer in the North and Tropical Atlantic, pp. 461-508 in Zootaxa 5432 (4) on pages 481-483, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5432.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/10910698
Myotis nipalensis subsp. nipalensis Dobson 1871
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Reeder, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Vespertilionidae
Myotis
Myotis nipalensis
Myotis nipalensis subsp. nipalensis dobson 1871

description: Myotis nipalensis subsp. nipalensis Dobson 1871
Myotis nipalensis subsp. nipalensis Dobson 1871, Proc. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, 1871: 214.
Type Locality: Nepal, Katmandu.
Synonyms: Myotis nipalensis subsp. kukunoriensis Bobrinskii 1929; Myotis nipalensis subsp. meinertzhageni Thomas 1926; Myotis nipalensis subsp. pallidiventris Hodgson 1844.
description: Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Chiroptera - Family Vespertilionidae, pp. 451-529 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 513, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
Approches méthodologiques pour l’évaluation de l’état de conservation des habitats profonds : récifs de coraux d’eau froide
Creators: name: Tourolle, Julie
name: Menot, Lenaick
Publisher: name: Marha ‐ Ifremer
Year: 2023

description: Dans le contexte de la Directive Habitats, Faune, Flore, le projet européen Life Intégré Marha a pour objectif d'évaluer et d'améliorer l’état de conservation des habitats naturels marins. L'Ifremer, bénéficiaire associé à ce projet, a développé le projet ChEReef qui s'attelle à l'évaluation de l'état de santé des coraux profonds dans le canyon sous-marin de Lampaul (Golfe de Gascogne). La méthodologie développée pour les habitats de coraux profonds cherche à répondre au double objectif d’évaluation du bon état de conservation (Directive Habitat Faune Flore) et d’évaluation du bon état écologique (Directive Cadre Stratégie pour le Milieu Marin). Les deux directives partagent des points communs dans leurs critères et leurs démarches. En particulier, les évaluations cherchent à caractériser le couple état‐pression suivant trois approches : 1. Décrire et cartographier les habitats, 2. Caractériser et cartographier les pressions, 3. Etablir les conséquences des pressions sur les structures et fonctions des habitats. Les deux premières approches s’appuient sur un suivi surfacique, tandis que la troisième requiert un suivi stationnel. Ce suivi stationnel répond au besoin d’acquérir des données sur la biologie des espèces structurantes, la diversité des espèces accompagnatrices, et les processus écologiques forçant la dynamique des espèces et habitats. Les cycles d’évaluation de la DHFF et de la DCSMM ont une période de 6 ans. En environnement profond cependant, la périodicité, l’amplitude et les causes de variations naturelles des populations et des communautés sont très peu contraintes. Il est donc important de caractériser et comprendre les dynamiques naturelles des habitats profonds à différentes échelles spatio‐temporelles afin d’élaborer des indicateurs et proposer des seuils de bon état de conservation et de bon état écologique. C’est une des finalités des six campagnes océanographiques hauturières ChEReef obtenues auprès de la Flotte océanographique Française. Ces campagnes océanographiques permettent de mettre en oeuvre et d’évaluer les méthodologies de suivi stationnel et surfacique à différentes résolutions spatiales et temporelles dans un site Natura 2000 atelier.
XIZMAT KO'RSATISH SOHASINI DAVLAT TOMONIDAN TARTIBGA SOLISH MEXANIZMLARI VA USHBU SOHANI RIVOJLANTIRISH YO'NALISHLARI
Creators: name: Davlatov, Suxrob
name: Shonazarov, Kamoladdin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ushbu tezis xizmat ko‘rsatish sohalarini rivojlantirish orqali aholi bandligini oshirish, mamlakatimizda xizmat ko‘rsatish sohasini rivojlantirishda olib borilayotgan islohatlar va davlat tomonidan xizmat ko‘rsatish sohasini tartibga solish mexanizmlari keltirilgan.
On Parallelism in Music and Language: A Perspective from Symbol Emergence Systems based on Probabilistic Generative Models
Creators: name: Taniguchi, Tadahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Music and language are structurally similar. Such structural similarity is often explained by generative processes. This paper describes the recent development of probabilistic generative models (PGMs) for language learning and symbol emergence in robotics. Symbol emergence in robotics aims to develop a robot that can adapt to real-world environments and human linguistic communications and acquire language from sensorimotor information alone (i.e., in an unsupervised manner). This is regarded as a constructive approach to symbol emergence systems. To this end, a series of PGMs have been developed, including those for simultaneous phoneme and word discovery, lexical acquisition, object and spatial concept formation, and the emergence of a symbol system. By extending the models, a symbol emergence system comprising a multi-agent system in which a symbol system emerges is revealed to be modeled using PGMs. In this model, symbol emergence can be regarded as collective predictive coding. This paper expands on this idea by combining the theory that ''emotion is based on the predictive coding of interoceptive signals'' and ''symbol emergence systems,'' and describes the possible hypothesis of the emergence of meaning in music.
Latin Majuscule Writing with semicursive hand: P. Herc. 394
Creators: name: Marichal, Robert
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2015

description: vue 45
description: "Annotations and bibliographical references on Tigranes, king of Armenia (I sec. BC). - Physical description of the 10 frames constituting P.Herc. 394; palaeographic description and drawing of the letters. Transcriptions of several fragments; drawings of some fragments (by Marichal). On the upper right corner of each sheet containing the transcription the indications 'micro' and 'Vu 54' are written with two different inks (light pink; dark pink); corrections and (later?) remarks with a different ink (light green). Photographs of the drawings. Photographs of the papyrus (sometimes with the date on the back, or with Marichal's indication of the number of bobin). - Below the number of the papyrus the indication 'Majuscule droite' is written by the same hand (Marichal?)"
description: Source: 4MAR_9_2_5-15.4
description: Relation: 4MAR_42_4-4, 4MAR_42_4-7
description: created: n.d., 1957
Myotis nipalensis subsp. przewalskii Bobrinski 1926
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Reeder, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Vespertilionidae
Myotis
Myotis nipalensis
Myotis nipalensis subsp. przewalskii bobrinski 1926

description: Myotis nipalensis subsp. przewalskii Bobrinski 1926
Synonyms: Myotis nipalensis subsp. mongolicus Kruskop and Borissenko 1996.
description: Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Chiroptera - Family Vespertilionidae, pp. 451-529 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 513, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
Cladaster Verrill 1899
Creators: name: Mah, Christopher L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Echinodermata
Asteroidea
Valvatida
Goniasteridae
Cladaster

description: Cladaster Verrill 1899
Verrill 1899: 175; Fisher 1911: 221; Bernasconi 1963: 13; 1964: 255; Halpern 1970: 179; Clark & Downey 1992: 238; A.M. Clark 1993: 251; Mah 2011: 19; 2018: 29.
Diagnosis. Body weakly stellate to stellate. Abactinal plates low tabulate with weakly to strongly expressed fasciolar channels. Hemispherical, coarse grained granules present on abactinal, marginal, and actinal plate surface which are deciduous on preserved specimens. Large, spatulate type pedicellariae. Furrow spines, blunt to spatulate, oval in cross-section. Large, thick subambulacral spine present in addition to furrow spine. Modified from Mah (2018).
description: Published as part of Mah, Christopher L., 2024, Two New Taxa of Goniasteridae (Asteroidea, Echinodermata) and Noteworthy Observations of Deep-Sea Asteroidea by the NOAA Ship Okeanos Explorer in the North and Tropical Atlantic, pp. 461-508 in Zootaxa 5432 (4) on page 484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5432.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/10910698
Paraleuctra orientalis Chu 1928
Creators: name: Li, Weihai
name: Murányi, Dávid
name: Gamboa, Maribet
name: Yang, Ding
name: Watanabe, Kozo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Plecoptera
Leuctridae
Paraleuctra
Paraleuctra orientalis

description: Paraleuctra orientalis (Chu, 1928)
Material examined. 1♂ (HNHM): China, Guangxi Province, Wuming County, Damingshan National Natural Reserve, stream beneath Golden Turtle Waterfall, N23°30.373' E108°26.141', 1150m, 21.iii.2015 (/01), leg. J. Kontschán, J.Y. Li, S. Li, W.H. Li, D. Murányi, G.Q. Wang.
Remarks. A widely distributed species, but new for Guangxi. This species was described from Zhejiang Province, later reported from Gansu, Henan, Shaanxi, Anhui, Sichuan and Yunnan (Yang & Li 2016). Reported to occur also in Russia (Qian et al. 2014, Yang & Li 2016), however, Russian records refer to P. zapekinae Zhiltzova, 1974, nomen novum of Leuctra orientalis Zapekina-Dulkeit, 1955 non L. orientalis Chu, 1928.
description: Published as part of Li, Weihai, Murányi, Dávid, Gamboa, Maribet, Yang, Ding & Watanabe, Kozo, 2017, New species and records of Leuctridae (Plecoptera) from Guangxi, China, on the basis of morphological and molecular data, with emphasis on Rhopalopsole, pp. 165-176 in Zootaxa 4243 (1) on page 166, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4243.1.8, http://zenodo.org/record/398758
Rudolf Otto in seiner Bedeutung für die Erforschung der Kirchengeschichte
Creators: name: Benz, Ernst
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Kirchengeschichte
Year: 1970

description: Zeitschrift für Kirchengeschichte, Bd. 56 Nr. 2/3 (1937): Zeitschrift für Kirchengeschichte, Band 56, Heft 2/3
Reiseerlebnisse der Schweizer Abgeordneten zur Dordrechter Synode 1618/19
Creators: name: Husung, Max Joseph
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Kirchengeschichte
Year: 1970

description: Zeitschrift für Kirchengeschichte, Bd. 56 Nr. 2/3 (1937): Zeitschrift für Kirchengeschichte, Band 56, Heft 2/3
Myotis nipalensis subsp. transcaspicus Ognev and Heptner 1928
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Reeder, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Vespertilionidae
Myotis
Myotis nipalensis
Myotis nipalensis subsp. transcaspicus ognev and heptner 1928

description: Myotis nipalensis subsp. transcaspicus Ognev and Heptner 1928
Synonyms: Myotis nipalensis subsp. pamirensis Kuzyakin 1935; Myotis nipalensis subsp. sogdianus Kuzyakin 1934.
description: Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Chiroptera - Family Vespertilionidae, pp. 451-529 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 513, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
Gensors: Authoring Personalized Visual Sensors with Multimodal Foundation Models and Reasoning
Creators: name: Liu, Michael Xieyang
name: Petridis, Savvas
name: Tsai, Vivian
name: Fiannaca, Alexander J.
name: Olwal, Alex
name: Terry, Michael
name: Cai, Carrie J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multimodal large language models (MLLMs), with their expansive world knowledge and reasoning capabilities, present a unique opportunity for end-users to create personalized AI sensors capable of reasoning about complex situations. A user could describe a desired sensing task in natural language (e.g., "alert if my toddler is getting into mischief"), with the MLLM analyzing the camera feed and responding within seconds. In a formative study, we found that users saw substantial value in defining their own sensors, yet struggled to articulate their unique personal requirements and debug the sensors through prompting alone. To address these challenges, we developed Gensors, a system that empowers users to define customized sensors supported by the reasoning capabilities of MLLMs. Gensors 1) assists users in eliciting requirements through both automatically-generated and manually created sensor criteria, 2) facilitates debugging by allowing users to isolate and test individual criteria in parallel, 3) suggests additional criteria based on user-provided images, and 4) proposes test cases to help users "stress test" sensors on potentially unforeseen scenarios. In a user study, participants reported significantly greater sense of control, understanding, and ease of communication when defining sensors using Gensors. Beyond addressing model limitations, Gensors supported users in debugging, eliciting requirements, and expressing unique personal requirements to the sensor through criteria-based reasoning; it also helped uncover users' "blind spots" by exposing overlooked criteria and revealing unanticipated failure modes. Finally, we discuss how unique characteristics of MLLMs--such as hallucinations and inconsistent responses--can impact the sensor-creation process. These findings contribute to the design of future intelligent sensing systems that are intuitive and customizable by everyday users.
Rhopalopsole dentata
Creators: name: Li, Weihai
name: Murányi, Dávid
name: Gamboa, Maribet
name: Yang, Ding
name: Watanabe, Kozo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Plecoptera
Leuctridae
Rhopalopsole
Rhopalopsole dentata

description: Rhopalopsole dentata group
This morphological species group is defined by the very long, sinuous lateral projections of tergum 10, a central plate of tergum 10 armed with scales or knobs, and long and well sclerotized epiproct (Sivec et al. 2008).
description: Published as part of Li, Weihai, Murányi, Dávid, Gamboa, Maribet, Yang, Ding & Watanabe, Kozo, 2017, New species and records of Leuctridae (Plecoptera) from Guangxi, China, on the basis of morphological and molecular data, with emphasis on Rhopalopsole, pp. 165-176 in Zootaxa 4243 (1) on page 166, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4243.1.8, http://zenodo.org/record/398758
Myotis occultus Hollister 1909
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Reeder, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Vespertilionidae
Myotis
Myotis occultus

description: Myotis occultus Hollister 1909
Myotis occultus Hollister 1909, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 22: 43.
Type Locality: California, San Bernadino Co., 10 mi above Needles, W side of Colorado River.
Vernacular Names: Arizona Myotis.
Distribution: S California to Arizona, New Mexico, and Colorado (USA), south to Distrito Federal (Mexico); possibly W Texas (USA).
Conservation: IUCN 2003 – Not evaluated; not considered in IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001).
Discussion: Included in lucifugus by Findley and Jones (1967) and most subsequent authors, but apparently distinct, see Piaggio et al. (2002).
description: Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Chiroptera - Family Vespertilionidae, pp. 451-529 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 514, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
Latin Majuscule Writing: P.Herc. 1463, P.Herc. 1491
Creators: name: Marichal, Robert
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2015

description: vue 15
description: "Notes on the 15 frames of P.Herc. 1463. Drawing of the letters. Transcription of each frame, with annotation on the frame which contains not readable pieces. - Physical annotations on P.Herc. 1491 and on the opening of its rol; Physical annotations on the fragments contained in each frame. Drawing of some letters. Transcription of fr. 2 and fr. 3 (frame 2), with remarks written in different inks (dark pink or light greek) . In the upper right corner of one sheet, the indication 'Vu 54'. Pictures of fr. 2 (frame 2; with Marichal's indication of the number of the 'bobin'or with the date on the back), and of the Naples drawing. - The number of P.Herc. 1463 has been added later (and with a different ink) on the cover page of the folder"
description: Source: 4MAR_10_2_5-17.4
description: created: n.d., 1957
Rhopalopsole vietnamica
Creators: name: Li, Weihai
name: Murányi, Dávid
name: Gamboa, Maribet
name: Yang, Ding
name: Watanabe, Kozo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Plecoptera
Leuctridae
Rhopalopsole
Rhopalopsole vietnamica

description: Rhopalopsole vietnamica group
This morphological species group is defined by the apically bifurcate lateral projections of tergum 10, a central plate of tergum 10 bear two lateral bars, and tergum 9 with some kind of posteromedial ornamentation (Sivec et al. 2008).
description: Published as part of Li, Weihai, Murányi, Dávid, Gamboa, Maribet, Yang, Ding & Watanabe, Kozo, 2017, New species and records of Leuctridae (Plecoptera) from Guangxi, China, on the basis of morphological and molecular data, with emphasis on Rhopalopsole, pp. 165-176 in Zootaxa 4243 (1) on page 170, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4243.1.8, http://zenodo.org/record/398758
Myotis oreias Temminck 1840
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Reeder, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Vespertilionidae
Myotis
Myotis oreias

description: Myotis oreias Temminck 1840
Myotis oreias Temminck 1840, Monogr. Mamm., Vol. 2: 270.
Type Locality: Singapore.
Vernacular Names: Singaporese Whiskered Myotis.
Distribution: Known only from the type locality.
Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Data Deficient.
Discussion: Known only from the holotype. Redescribed by Francis and Hill (1998), who noted that the type locality is questionable.
description: Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Chiroptera - Family Vespertilionidae, pp. 451-529 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 514, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
Sachsenbekehrung und Bistumsgründung zumal in Verden
Creators: name: Hennecke, Edgar
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Kirchengeschichte
Year: 1970

description: Zeitschrift für Kirchengeschichte, Bd. 56 Nr. 2/3 (1937): Zeitschrift für Kirchengeschichte, Band 56, Heft 2/3
Rhopalopsole duyuzhoui Sivec & Harper, 2008 (in Sivec et al. 2008
Creators: name: Li, Weihai
name: Murányi, Dávid
name: Gamboa, Maribet
name: Yang, Ding
name: Watanabe, Kozo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Plecoptera
Leuctridae
Rhopalopsole
Rhopalopsole duyuzhoui

description: Rhopalopsole duyuzhoui Sivec & Harper, 2008 (in Sivec et al. 2008)
(Figs. 1–5, 22–23)
Material examined. 33♂ 14♀, 1 larva (3♂ 1♀ HIST, 30♂ 13♀, 1 larva HNHM): China, Guangxi Province, Wuming County, Damingshan National Natural Reserve, inflow stream above Dragon Lake, N23°29.751' E108°26.242', 1225m, 22.iii.2015 (/06), leg. J. Kontschán, J.Y. Li, S. Li, W.H. Li, D. Murányi, G.Q. Wang; 2♀ (1♀ HIST, 1♀ HNHM): Wuming County, Damingshan National Natural Reserve, vicinity of a restaurant at the tourist service area, N23°29.958' E108°26.085', 1215m, 21–22.iii.2015 (/02), leg. J. Kontschán, J.Y. Li, S. Li, W.H. Li, D. Murányi, G.Q. Wang; 8♂ 3♀, 2 exuviae (HNHM; 1♂ 1♀ used for molecular studies): Wuming County, Damingshan National Natural Reserve, stream beneath Golden Turtle Waterfall, N23°30.373' E108°26.141', 1150m, 21.iii.2015 (/01), leg. J. Kontschán, J.Y. Li, S. Li, W.H. Li, D. Murányi, G.Q. Wang; 1♀ (HNHM; used for molecular studies): Wuming County, Liangjiang town, Neichao, Malaise trap and the surrounding forest above Neichao Ming Hotel, N23°29.457' E108°21.600', 230m, 25.iii.2015 (/12), leg. J. Kontschán, J.Y. Li, S. Li, W.H. Li, D. Murányi, G.Q. Wang.
Description of the female (Figs. 1–2). Forewing length 7.0– 7.5 mm. Posterior margin of sternum 7 produced in bidentate subgenital plate, apices are claw-like in lateral view; the posterior portion is black, contrasting with the rest of the plate that is pale brown. Sternum 8 with two very small, rounded sclerites laterally to the genital opening, and a transverse band that occupies the posterior third of the segment.
Remarks. This species was described from Zhejiang Province, previously known only from the male holotype (Yang & Li 2016). New for Guangxi, our male specimens agree with the original description but with some variation. The epiproct apex has a shallow anterior indentation which is not indicated in Sivec et al. (2008), and the down projecting spine is stouter (Figs. 3–4) than illustrated for the holotype. In addition, scales of the tergum 10 central plate are relatively indistinct (Fig. 5).
description: Published as part of Li, Weihai, Murányi, Dávid, Gamboa, Maribet, Yang, Ding & Watanabe, Kozo, 2017, New species and records of Leuctridae (Plecoptera) from Guangxi, China, on the basis of morphological and molecular data, with emphasis on Rhopalopsole, pp. 165-176 in Zootaxa 4243 (1) on page 167, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4243.1.8, http://zenodo.org/record/398758
Evoplosoma watlingi Mah 2015
Creators: name: Mah, Christopher L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Echinodermata
Asteroidea
Valvatida
Goniasteridae
Evoplosoma
Evoplosoma watlingi

description: Evoplosoma watlingi Mah 2015
FIGURE 11A–B
Mah 2015: 8
Diagnosis
Body strongly stellate, interradial arcs rounded, arms triangular with arm tips tapering. Dense round, smooth granules covering abactinal, marginal and actinal surfaces. Abactinal surface covered by evenly distributed conical spines. Furrow spines, four to five. Both furrow and subambulacral spines round in cross-section with conical tips.
Description
Body stellate with elongate arms, (R/r=2.8), interradial arcs weakly curved to straight. Dense, round, smooth granules covering abactinal, marginal and actinal surfaces. Abactinal surface mostly covered by evenly distributed conical spines. Furrow spines 4 to 5. Color of disk is yellow, arms orange.
Comments
These individuals were identified based on the granules covering the abactinal and marginal surfaces with evenly distributed conical spines (Fig. 1A). This is the second occurrence of this species, following its discovery at Bear Seamount. Observations reported here are also extensions of this species’ known bathymetric range.
Color of the specimen from Dumbell Seamount (Fig. 17A) differs in having a yellow disk and orange arms. In situ images of the type specimen and the specimen in Fig. 17B both show a more uniform dark orange color.
Occurrence
Bear Seamount, 39.9508, -67.4131, North Atlantic, 1564 m. New occurrence. Dumbell Seamount, 34.391535, - 51.774733 to 2396 m.
Image Observed
Dumbell Seamount, North Atlantic 34.391535, -51.774733, 2396 m (Fig. 17A).
EX2104_IMG_20210707T143035Z_ROVHD.jpg
Corner Rise 1 Seamount, 35.888573 -51.520257, 2450 m (Fig. 17B).
EX2104_IMG_20210710T182802Z_ROVHD.jpg
description: Published as part of Mah, Christopher L., 2024, Two New Taxa of Goniasteridae (Asteroidea, Echinodermata) and Noteworthy Observations of Deep-Sea Asteroidea by the NOAA Ship Okeanos Explorer in the North and Tropical Atlantic, pp. 461-508 in Zootaxa 5432 (4) on pages 486-488, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5432.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/10910698
Myotis oxygnathus Monticelli 1885
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Reeder, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Vespertilionidae
Myotis
Myotis oxygnathus

description: Myotis oxygnathus Monticelli 1885
Myotis oxygnathus Monticelli 1885, Ann. Accad. O. Costa de Aspir. Nat. Napoli, 1: 82.
Type Locality: Italy, Basilicata, Matera.
Vernacular Names: Monticelli's Myotis.
Distribution: Mediterranean region from Spain to Italy and Greece; Bulgaria to Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Afghanistan.
Conservation: IUCN 2003 – Not evaluated; not considered in IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001).
Discussion: Formerly treated as a subspecies of blythii (e.g., Koopman, 1994), but shown to be more closely related to myotis based on molecular data; see Ruedi and Mayer (2001).
description: Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Chiroptera - Family Vespertilionidae, pp. 451-529 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 514, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
Briefe päpstlicher Beamten aus der Zeit Johannes´ XXII. und Benedikts XII.
Creators: name: Otto, Heinrich
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Kirchengeschichte
Year: 1970

description: Zeitschrift für Kirchengeschichte, Bd. 56 Nr. 2/3 (1937): Zeitschrift für Kirchengeschichte, Band 56, Heft 2/3
Metrology: Science behind sciences - PLOCAN Workshop – April 2023
Creators: name: Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Invited lecture given by Dr. Andrea Merlone during the workshop organised by PLOCAN in April 2023, as part of the dissemination activities of the MINKE project.

The presentation focuses on the main topics/definitions related to metrology.
Evoplosoma scorpio Downey 1981
Creators: name: Mah, Christopher L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Echinodermata
Asteroidea
Valvatida
Goniasteridae
Evoplosoma
Evoplosoma scorpio

description: Evoplosoma scorpio Downey 1981
FIGURE 12A
Downey, 1981, p. 561; Gage et al., 1983, p. 280; Clark & Downey, 1992, p. 242; Clark, 1993, p. 253; Mah et al., 2010, p. 281, Figure 6.
Diagnosis
Body strongly stellate with elongate arms (R/r> 3.0). Abactinal, marginal and actinal plate surfaces covered by dense cover of granules which are spiny with angular tips, but polygonal in shape. Prominent, but short, stout conical spines irregularly present or absent on abactinal and actinal plate surfaces. Marginal plates with a single large, prominent spine on each. Furrow spines 5–7, approximately 60–66 marginal plates per interradius.
Comments
The figured individual was identified based on the abundance of conical spines present on the disc and arms, especially the single spine on each marginal plate (Fig. 12A). This represents a third apparent occurrence of this species within the distributed range established by prior occurrence records, between the Rockall Trough/European Basin and off the depths of Delaware in the western North Atlantic.
Occurrence
South-west Rockall Trough to northeastern European Basin (48.5°N, 10°W) extended herein to off Delaware 38°45′N, 72°40′W. 1600–2105 m.
New occurrence. Kurchatov Ridge, North Atlantic, 1725 m (Fig. 11A).
description: Published as part of Mah, Christopher L., 2024, Two New Taxa of Goniasteridae (Asteroidea, Echinodermata) and Noteworthy Observations of Deep-Sea Asteroidea by the NOAA Ship Okeanos Explorer in the North and Tropical Atlantic, pp. 461-508 in Zootaxa 5432 (4) on pages 488-489, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5432.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/10910698
Rhopalopsole magnicerca
Creators: name: Li, Weihai
name: Murányi, Dávid
name: Gamboa, Maribet
name: Yang, Ding
name: Watanabe, Kozo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Plecoptera
Leuctridae
Rhopalopsole
Rhopalopsole magnicerca

description: Rhopalopsole magnicerca group
This morphological group is defined by two paramedial bands along the posterior margin of tergum 9 and lateral projections of tergum 10 forming large plate-like spines. Species in this group usually also have boat-like subanal lobes seen in lateral view, with ventral flaps and distinct longitudinal furrows, hook-like epiproct and spineless cerci (Sivec et al. 2008).
description: Published as part of Li, Weihai, Murányi, Dávid, Gamboa, Maribet, Yang, Ding & Watanabe, Kozo, 2017, New species and records of Leuctridae (Plecoptera) from Guangxi, China, on the basis of morphological and molecular data, with emphasis on Rhopalopsole, pp. 165-176 in Zootaxa 4243 (1) on page 168, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4243.1.8, http://zenodo.org/record/398758
Floriaster Downey 1980
Creators: name: Mah, Christopher L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Echinodermata
Asteroidea
Valvatida
Goniasteridae
Floriaster

description: Floriaster Downey 1980
Downey 1980: 105; Clark & Downey 1993: 243.
description: Published as part of Mah, Christopher L., 2024, Two New Taxa of Goniasteridae (Asteroidea, Echinodermata) and Noteworthy Observations of Deep-Sea Asteroidea by the NOAA Ship Okeanos Explorer in the North and Tropical Atlantic, pp. 461-508 in Zootaxa 5432 (4) on page 489, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5432.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/10910698
Myotis oxyotus Peters 1867
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Reeder, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Vespertilionidae
Myotis
Myotis oxyotus

description: Myotis oxyotus Peters 1867
Myotis oxyotus Peters 1867, Monatsb. K. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1867: 19.
Type Locality: Ecuador, Mount Chimborazo, between 2,743 and 3,048 m.
Vernacular Names: Montane Myotis.
Subspecies::
Subspecies Myotis oxyotus subsp. oxyotus Peters 1867
Subspecies Myotis oxyotus subsp. gardneri LaVal 1973
Distribution: Venezuela to Bolivia; Panama; Costa Rica.
Conservation: IUCN 2003 and IUCN / SSC Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc).
Discussion: Revised by LaVal (1973 a). Subspecies allocation of populations from coastal Peru is uncertain. Apparently closely related to nigricans and levis; see Ruedi and Mayer (2001).
description: Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Chiroptera - Family Vespertilionidae, pp. 451-529 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 514, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
Beyond contractualism
Creators: name: Khan, Umer Bilal
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 320 Political science

description: This research study aims to look into what authority is in contrast to power and persuasion and how it becomes established in global governance. It focuses on the multiplication of authorities under the hypothesis that authority, its nature, functions, and grounds of legitimation have changed and developed over time. Thus, there are multiple and new authorities at play in global governance, which go beyond the state, the public-private authority constellation, and the simple command-and-obedience framework of solid authority.
Enhancement of sensitivity near exceptional points in dissipative qubit-resonator systems
Creators: name: Han, Pei-Rong
name: Wu, Fan
name: Huang, Xin-Jie
name: Wu, Huai-Zhi
name: Zou, Chang-Ling
name: Yi, Wei
name: Zhang, Mengzhen
name: Li, Hekang
name: Xu, Kai
name: Zheng, Dongning
name: Fan, Heng
name: Wen, Jianming
name: Yang, Zhen-Biao
name: Zheng, Shi-Biao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dissipation usually plays a negative role in quantum metrological technologies, which aim to improve measurement precision by leveraging quantum effects that are vulnerable to environment-induced decoherence. Recently, it has been demonstrated that dissipation can actually be used as a favorable resource for enhancing the susceptibility of signal detection. However, demonstrations of such enhancement for detecting physical quantities in open quantum systems are still lacking. Here we propose and demonstrate a protocol for realizing such non-Hermitian quantum sensors for probing the coupling between a qubit and a resonator subjecting to energy dissipations. The excitation-number conversion associated with the no-jump evolution trajectory enables removal of the noisy outcomes with quantum jumps, implementing the exceptional point (EP), where the Rabi splitting exhibits a divergent behavior in response to a tiny variation of the effective coupling. The sensitivity enhancement near the EP is confirmed by both theoretical calculation and experimental measurement.
description: 3 figures
Floriaster maya Downey 1980
Creators: name: Mah, Christopher L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Echinodermata
Asteroidea
Valvatida
Goniasteridae
Floriaster
Floriaster maya

description: Floriaster maya Downey 1980
FIGURE 12B
Downey 1980: 105; Clark & Downey 1993: 244; Mah 2020: 226.
Diagnosis
Body stellate, R/r=2.1, arms short, triangular. Interradial arcs linear to weakly curved. Abactinal plates tumid, close-set, each surrounded by rough, indented granules, variably bare or with with granules, 1–3, enlarged, rounded. Superomarginal plates tumid, surface smooth, each with tubercles or pointed granules, 1–3 per plate. Actinal plates each with a pointed tubercular spine. Furrow spines 7, flattened with chisel–like tips. Single, large pedicellariae present behind furrow spines.
Comments
This represents the second observation of this species since being observed at the Berg Bits locality, off the southeastern United States (Mah 2020).
Ecological Comments
The figured individual was observed perched vertically while adhered to, and presumably feeding upon a branched colonial organism, possibly an octocoral, hydroid, or a bryozoan (Fig. 12B). Prior in situ observation of this species showed it perched on dead Lophelia corals and isidid (bamboo coral) stalks, suggesting predation on the coral or post-mortem epizoic organisms.
Occurrence
Mona South Ridge, Berg Bits, off Southeastern United States, southern end of Yucatan Channel. 933–1156 m. New occurrence: Key West Scarp, 1112 m (Fig. 12B).
Image Observed
Key West Scarp, North Atlantic, 23.970054 -81.800216, 1112 m. EX2107_IMG_20211110T201003Z_ROVHD.jpg
description: Published as part of Mah, Christopher L., 2024, Two New Taxa of Goniasteridae (Asteroidea, Echinodermata) and Noteworthy Observations of Deep-Sea Asteroidea by the NOAA Ship Okeanos Explorer in the North and Tropical Atlantic, pp. 461-508 in Zootaxa 5432 (4) on page 489, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5432.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/10910698
Nutzung regenerativer Energiequellen und Wasserstofftechnik 2024
Creators: name: Gulden, Johannes
name: Hochschule Stralsund
Publisher: name: Hochschule Stralsund
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 333.7 Natural resources, energy and environment
subject: 624 Structural and Environmental Engineering

description: Der Tagungsband zur REGWA Konferenz 2024 fasst die Ergebnisse des 31. Symposiums für "Regenerative Energien und Wasserstofftechnologien" an der Hochschule Stralsund zusammen. Themen wie Wasserstoffanwendungen, erneuerbare Energien, KI-basierte Energiemanagementsysteme und Speichertechnologien bilden den Kern. Praxisprojekte wie emissionsfreie Energiesysteme, die nachhaltige Nutzung biogener Reststoffe und sektorgekoppelte Konzepte werden behandelt, ebenso wie sozioökonomische Aspekte der Energiewende und Herausforderungen beim Aufbau einer Wasserstoffinfrastruktur. Die Beiträge zeigen die interdisziplinäre Forschung und vielfältige Ansätze für eine nachhaltige Energiezukunft.
Euscirrhopterus argentata
Creators: name: Troubridge, J. T.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Noctuidae
Euscirrhopterus
Euscirrhopterus argentata

description: Euscirrhopterus argentata (Druce), revived status
(Fig. 52)
BIN: BOLD:AAB3807
The DNA of Euscirrhopterus poeyi Grote (Fig. 51) (BIN: BOLD:ABA3355) from the Florida Keys was analyzed and the 658 COI base pairs compared with those of specimens of E. “ poeyi ” from Mexico and Costa Rica. The results showed a 5.33% difference between the two. I treat E. poeyi, described from Cuba, as the valid name for Florida specimens because the Mexican and Central American species is clearly distinct. The name E. argentata (Druce), revived status, described from Mexico and Guatemala, is available for the Mexican and Central American species, which I here raise from the synonymy of E. poeyi to full species status. Euscirrhopterus argentata is distinguished from E. poeyi by the darker gray of the forewing and broader submarginal black band on the hindwing of E. argentata.
Noctuidae: Condicinae: Condicini
description: Published as part of Troubridge, J. T., 2020, A new genus and 37 new noctuoid species from peninsular Florida and the Keys (Lepidoptera: Noctuoidea), pp. 1-56 in Insecta Mundi 2020 (789) on pages 32-33, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4585782
Myotis oxyotus subsp. oxyotus Peters 1867
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Reeder, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Vespertilionidae
Myotis
Myotis oxyotus
Myotis oxyotus subsp. oxyotus peters 1867

description: Myotis oxyotus subsp. oxyotus Peters 1867
Myotis oxyotus subsp. oxyotus Peters 1867, Monatsb. K. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1867: 19.
Type Locality: Ecuador, Mount Chimborazo, between 2,743 and 3,048 m.
Synonyms: Myotis oxyotus subsp. thomasi Cabrera 1901.
description: Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Chiroptera - Family Vespertilionidae, pp. 451-529 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 514, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
Why was the Estates General was not able to deal with the issues France faced
Creators: name: Copic, An Mikono
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: French Revolution
subject: As level history
subject: History

description: The Estates General, convened in 1789 after 175 years of inactivity, failed to address France's critical issues due to political instability, procedural confusion, and a lack of clear direction from King Louis XVI. Despite the Third Estate representing the majority of the population, its limited voting power led to frustration and a declaration of independence as the National Assembly. This assembly's Tennis Court Oath marked a break from traditional governance, but internal conflicts and rising unrest, exemplified by the storming of the Bastille, ultimately led to the dismantling of the Estates General on July 9, 1789. The institution proved incapable of enacting meaningful reforms, highlighting the need for new structures to address France's crises.
Automatic Feedback Generation for Short Answer Questions using Answer Diagnostic Graphs
Creators: name: Furuhashi, Momoka
name: Funayama, Hiroaki
name: Iwase, Yuya
name: Matsubayashi, Yuichiroh
name: Isobe, Yoriko
name: Nagahama, Toru
name: Sugawara, Saku
name: Inui, Kentaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Short-reading comprehension questions help students understand text structure but lack effective feedback. Students struggle to identify and correct errors, while manual feedback creation is labor-intensive. This highlights the need for automated feedback linking responses to a scoring rubric for deeper comprehension.
 Despite advances in Natural Language Processing (NLP), research has focused on automatic grading, with limited work on feedback generation. To address this, we propose a system that generates feedback for student responses.
 Our contributions are twofold. First, we introduce the first system for feedback on short-answer reading comprehension. These answers are derived from the text, requiring structural understanding. We propose an "answer diagnosis graph," integrating the text's logical structure with feedback templates. Using this graph and NLP techniques, we estimate students' comprehension and generate targeted feedback.
 Second, we evaluate our feedback through an experiment with Japanese high school students (n=39). They answered two 70-80 word questions and were divided into two groups with minimal academic differences. One received a model answer, the other system-generated feedback. Both re-answered the questions, and we compared score changes. A questionnaire assessed perceptions and motivation.
 Results showed no significant score improvement between groups, but system-generated feedback helped students identify errors and key points in the text. It also significantly increased motivation. However, further refinement is needed to enhance text structure understanding.
description: 16th International Conference on Education and New Learning Technologies