cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Direct strain and elastic energy evaluation in rolled-up semiconductor tubes by x-ray micro-diffraction
Creators: name: Malachias, A.
name: Deneke, Ch.
name: Krause, B.
name: Mocuta, C.
name: Kiravittaya, S.
name: Metzger, T. H.
name: Schmidt, O. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We depict the use of x-ray diffraction as a tool to directly probe the strain status in rolled-up semiconductor tubes. By employing continuum elasticity theory and a simple model we are able to simulate quantitatively the strain relaxation in perfect crystalline III-V semiconductor bi- and multilayers as well as in rolled-up layers with dislocations. The reduction in the local elastic energy is evaluated for each case. Limitations of the technique and theoretical model are discussed in detail.
description: 32 pages (single column), 9 figures, 39 references
Computing abstractions of nonlinear systems
Creators: name: Reißig, Gunther
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 93C10 (Primary), 93C55 (Secondary), 93C57, 93C15, 93B03

description: Sufficiently accurate finite state models, also called symbolic models or discrete abstractions, allow one to apply fully automated methods, originally developed for purely discrete systems, to formally reason about continuous and hybrid systems, and to design finite state controllers that provably enforce predefined specifications. We present a novel algorithm to compute such finite state models for nonlinear discrete-time and sampled systems which depends on quantizing the state space using polyhedral cells, embedding these cells into suitable supersets whose attainable sets are convex, and over-approximating attainable sets by intersections of supporting half-spaces. We prove a novel recursive description of these half-spaces and propose an iterative procedure to compute them efficiently. We also provide new sufficient conditions for the convexity of attainable sets which imply the existence of the aforementioned embeddings of quantizer cells. Our method yields highly accurate abstractions and applies to nonlinear systems under mild assumptions, which reduce to sufficient smoothness in the case of sampled systems. Its practicability in the design of discrete controllers for nonlinear continuous plants under state and control constraints is demonstrated by an example.
description: This work has been accepted for publication in the IEEE Trans. Automatic Control. v3: minor modifications; accepted version
Influence of quenched jets on di-hadron correlations
Creators: name: Jia, Jiangyong
name: Lacey, Roy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple jet absorption model is used to study the influence of hadron pairs produced by quenched jets, on di-hadron angular correlations at intermediate transverse momentum ($p_T$). We demonstrate that such pairs can dominate both the yield and the shape of angular correlations, and may account for the similar properties between the near-side "ridge" and the away-side "double-humped" structure seen in recent data. These hadron pairs also show azimuthal anisotropy which is sensitive to the emission angle of hadrons relative to that of the jet. Measurement of this anisotropy may provide a constraint for elucidating the production mechanism for near- and away-side hadron pairs at intermediate $p_T$.
description: 5 pages, four figures (replaced with the published version)
Decay of the free-theory vacuum of scalar field theory in de Sitter spacetime in the interaction picture
Creators: name: Higuchi, Atsushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A free-theory vacuum state of an interacting field theory, e.g. quantum gravity, is unstable at tree level in general due to spontaneous emission of Fock-space particles in any spacetime with no global timelike Killing vectors, such as de Sitter spacetime, in the interaction picture. As an example, the rate of spontaneous emission of Fock-space particles is calculated in phi^4 theory in de Sitter spacetime. It is possible that this apparent spontaneous emission does not correspond to any physical processes because the states are not evolved by the true Hamiltonian in the interaction picture. Nevertheless, the constant spontaneous emission of Fock-space particles in the interaction picture clearly demonstrates that the in- and out-vacuum states are orthogonal to each other as emphasized by Polyakov and that the in-out perturbation theory, which presupposes some overlap between these two vacuum states, is inadequate. Other possible implications of apparent vacuum instability of this kind in the interaction picture are also discussed.
description: title changed, 7 pages
Casimir energy for the scalar field: a global approach with cut-off exponential function
Creators: name: Miltão, M. S. R.
name: Farias, Franz A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A global approach with cut-off exponential functions previously proposed is used to obtain the Casimir energy of a massless scalar field in the presence of a spherical shell. The proposed method makes the use of two regulators, one of them to makes finite the sum of the orders of Bessel functions and the other, to regularizes the integral involving the zeros of Bessel function. This procedure ensures a consistent mathematical handling in the calculations of the Casimir energy for a scalar field and allows to show all types of divergences. We consider separately the contributions of the inner and outer regions of a spherical shell and show that the results obtained are in agreement with those known in the literature and this gives a confirmation for the consistence of the proposed approach.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, abstract revised, equations revised, references added and minor corrections
Adiabatic expansion, early x-ray data and the central engine in GRBs
Creators: name: Duran, R. Barniol
name: Kumar, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Swift satellite early x-ray data shows a very steep decay in most of the Gamma-Ray Bursts light curves. This decay is either produced by the rapidly declining continuation of the central engine activity or by some left-over radiation starting right after the central engine shuts off. The latter scenario consists of the emission from an "ember" that cools via adiabatic expansion and, if the jet angle is larger than the inverse of the source Lorentz factor, the large angle emission. In this work, we calculate the temporal and spectral properties of the emission from such a cooling ember, providing a new treatment for the micro-physics of the adiabatic expansion. We use the adiabatic invariance of p_{\perp}^2/B (p_{\perp} is the component of the electrons' momentum normal to the magnetic field, B) to calculate the electrons' Lorentz factor during the adiabatic expansion; the electron momentum becomes more and more aligned with the local magnetic field as the expansion develops. We compare the theoretical expectations of the adiabatic expansion (and the large angle emission) with the current observations of the early x-ray data and find that only about 20% of our sample of 107 bursts is potentially consistent with this model. This leads us to believe that, for most bursts, the central engine does not turn off completely during the steep decay of the x-ray light curve; therefore, this phase is produced by the continued rapidly declining activity of the central engine.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, MNRAS in press. Corrections on sec. 3, but conclusion unchanged. Appendices added
The growth of nursing education in other countries
Creators: name: Darby, Margaret A.
Publisher: name: University of Oregon
Year: 1932
Subjects: Education, Nursing
History of Nursing

description: Today the field of nursing is not left to the impulse of voluntary sympathetic groups, active only in moments of urgent local and national crisis. And not only a more careful and intelligent attendance upon the needs of the sick and suffering, but, also the organized efforts to teach all members of the community how better to take care of themselves. The awakening interest is evident in most every country. There is but one foundation upon which the nursing of the future, with all its inspiring possibilities, can be safely built. That is in the educated minds and spirits of those whose work it will be. It seems safe to predict that in a few years, there will be a complete reorganization of the present inadequate method of dealing with patients' needs. A reorganization which will attempt to centralize all the nursing force in a community and make for better group understanding.
Highly tunable broadband RF photonic fractional Hilbert transformer based on a Kerr soliton crystal microcomb source
Creators: name: Tan, Mengxi
name: Xu, Xingyuan
name: Moss, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate an RF photonic fractional Hilbert transformer based on an integrated Kerr micro-comb source featuring a record low free spectral range of 48.9 GHz, yielding 75 microcomb lines across the C-band. By programming and shaping the comb lines according to calculated tap weights, we demonstrate that the Hilbert transformer can achieve tunable bandwidths ranging from 1.2 to 15.3 GHz, switchable centre frequencies from baseband to 9.5 GHz, and arbitrary fractional orders. We experimentally characterize the RF amplitude and phase response of the tunable bandpass and lowpass Hilbert transformers with 90 and 45-degree phase shift. The experimental results show good agreement with theory, confirming the effectiveness of our approach as a powerful way to implement the standard as well as fractional Hilbert transformers with broad and switchable processing bandwidths and centre frequencies, together with high reconfigurability and greatly reduced size and complexity.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, 87 references
Magnetic properties of Co-doped TiO2 anatase nanopowders
Creators: name: Pereira, L. C. J.
name: Nunes, M. R.
name: Monteiro, O. C.
name: Silvestre, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This letter reports on the magnetic properties of Ti1-xCoxO2 anatase phase nanopowders with different Co contents. It is shown that oxygen vacancies play a fundamental role in promoting the long-range ferromagnetic order in the material studied, in addition to the transition-metal doping. Furthermore, the results allow ruling out the premise of a strict connection between Co clustering and the ferromagnetism observed in the Co:TiO2 anatase system.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
CHIOS WEATHER JANUARY 2024
Creators: name: Municipality of Chios
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: CHIOS
WEATHER
MUSICA

description: Welcome to the open data platform where you will find meteorological data files. This data is collected from the weather station located in "Chiostown" and includes various parameters such as temperature, rainfall, wind speed, and wind direction.

The purpose of sharing this data is to support the MUSICA project, aimed at observing climate changes after the installation of the platform. The initial measurements presented here cover the period from January 1st, 2024, up to the installation of the platform, and we will continue updating the data with new measurements as the project progresses.

The file include:

Date and time of recording: For accurate time tracking of the data.

Temperature: Daily average, maximum, and minimum temperatures in degrees Celsius (°C).

Rainfall: Daily rainfall in millimeters (mm).

Wind speed: Average and maximum daily wind speed in kilometers per hour (km/h).

Wind direction: The prevailing wind direction of the day.

Data Usage

The data is free to use. Users are welcome to download, analyze, and utilize the data for personal, educational, or research purposes, as well as for developing applications and tools that contribute to understanding and addressing weather and climate phenomena.

Data Examples

January 1st, 2024: The average temperature was 15.2°C, the maximum temperature was 18.3°C at 14:50, and the minimum temperature was 11.7°C at 21:30. There was no recorded rainfall, and the average wind speed was 4.7 km/h with a maximum speed of 22.5 km/h from the southwest (SW).

January 9th, 2024: The highest recorded rainfall of the month occurred, with 20.4 mm, and the maximum wind speed was 56.3 km/h at 23:50 from the southwest (SW).

We encourage you to share your findings and applications with the community, so we can all contribute to the improvement of weather understanding and forecasting.

Thank you for your interest, and we wish you productive use of the data!
The impact of dedicated FAIRification stewardship guiding European Reference Networks towards making rare disease resources FAIR
Creators: name: Inês Henriques
name: Bruna dos Santos Vieira
name: César Henriques Bernabé
name: Shuxin Zhang
name: Alberto Cámara Ballesteros
name: Jose Antonio Ramírez García
name: Joeri van der Velde
name: Nirupama Benis
name: Peter 't Hoen
name: Marco Roos
name: Annika Jacobsen
name: Ronald Cornet
name: Mark Wilkinson
name: Franz Schaefer
name: Morris Swertz
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: FAIR
European Reference Networks
Patient Registries

description: The EJP RD stewards' team was established in July 2020 to support European Reference Networks (ERNs) in creating Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable (FAIR) patient registries. To track the evolving registry FAIR implementations, the steward's team collected the ERNs' reported updates in an implementation status inventory. We here analyze the progress registered to understand the impact of the team's approach on supporting ERNs.   

The team conducted two rounds of online interviews in 2020 and 2021 to collect the ERNs implementation status. Prior to the interview, they sent ERNs an inventory structured into five phases: a) data modelling; b) data collection; c) registering the registry; d) data accessibility, e) Data querying; and instructed ERNs to fill it using the terminology "Implemented", "Implementing assisted by expert", "Plans to Implement", "Needs Expert help" and "Not applicable".   

From a total of 24 ERNs, 20 completed the inventory. The results indicate an increase in the number of FAIR tools implemented from 2020 (32.6%) to 2021 (56.0%). Additionally, the percentage of tools that shifted from "Plans to implement" or "Needs expert help" to "Implemented" in 2021 were, respectively, 35.8% and 18.8%. In both years, the most significant increases in implemented tools are related to the modelling phase - 17.3% in 2020 and 29.2% in 2021 - and "making data accessible for querying" - 5.2% in 2020 to 13.2% in 2021. Out of all five stages, the tools more frequently marked as "Plans to Implement" in 2020 concerned the modelling phase (9.8%), which in 2021 decreased to 4.6%. 

Changes in staff and different people completing the inventory are limitations of this analysis, as they could result in different interpretations of categorizing the tools and, occasionally, the loss of reported evolution. Regardless, the joint approach between ERNs and Stewards appears to have resulted in more implemented tools, mainly in the modelling stage. It also allows prioritizing future efforts on accessibility and discoverability for querying, and data reuse. We expect the number of implemented tools to plateau and the tools planned for implementation or needing expert help to decrease as a result of the ERNs learning more about the options for FAIR data.
Model of the low temperature magnetic phases of gadolinium gallium garnet
Creators: name: Ancliff, M.
name: Sachnev, V.
name: d'Ambrumenil, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic behaviour of gadolinium gallium garnet in an external magnetic field at zero temperature is considered. For high fields a classical spin model of the gadolinium ions predicts a spin configuration that is periodic at the level of the smallest repeating unit cell. The quantum version of the model is treated via a truncated Holstein-Primakoff transformation with axes defined by the classical spin configuration, and the magnon excitation bands are calculated. The model predicts a transition in the field range of $1.9$ -- $2.1\mathrm{T}$, sensitive to the direction of the applied field, which is caused by one or more magnon modes becoming soft as the field is decreased. In general the soft modes occur at incommensurate wavevectors and therefore break the periodicity of the spin configuration below the transition. One exception occurs when the field aligns with one of the principle crystal axes, in which case periodicity of the spin configuration is found to be maintained on a larger crystallographic cubic cell even below the transition. This simple case is studied in more detail. Comparisons are drawn with existing experimental data, and further experimental tests of the model are suggested.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures
A study of water quality relationships in the Brunette River Basin
Creators: name: McNeill, Brenda Elizabeth
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The quality of surface runoff in an urbanized watershed was studied in order to determine the effects of land use and hydrologic conditions. Sampling sites were established so as to be representative of varying land uses and were monitored over a six month period so as to reflect changing flow conditions . Twelve sites, sampled weekly, were established in the Brunette River Basin, an urban watershed located in the Lower Mainland of British Columbia. Water samples, taken at each site, were analyzed for nineteen water quality parameters. Information relating to the hydrology and land uses of the basin was taken from established sources. Multiple regression and analysis of variance techniques were used to relate the land use and hydrology of the basin to the water quality. Total phosphorus, suspended solids and turbity concentrations were directly related to the percentage open space. Specific conductance and the nitrogen compounds were directly related to the percentage residential land. Eight parameters, but particularly turbidity and suspended solids, were dependent on stream discharge. The sensitivity of the data varied from site to site depending on the characteristics of the contributing areas. Discussion was directed toward the spatial and temporal nature of the data, the variance in the data, and the associated problems of scale.
Twisted dendriform algebras and the pre-Lie Magnus expansion
Creators: name: Ebrahimi-Fard, Kurusch
name: Manchon, Dominique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16W30, 05C05, 16W25, 17D25, 37C10, 81T15

description: In this paper an application of the recently introduced pre-Lie Magnus expansion to Jackson's q-integral and q-exponentials is presented. Twisted dendriform algebras, which are the natural algebraic framework for Jackson's q-analogues, are introduced for that purpose. It is shown how the pre-Lie Magnus expansion is used to solve linear q-differential equations. We also briefly outline the theory of linear equations in twisted dendriform algebras.
description: improved version; accepted for publication in the Journal of Pure & Applied Algebra
Prevention of blindness
Creators: name: Damaskov, Ruth
Publisher: name: University of Oregon
Year: 1932
Subjects: Visually Impaired Persons
Blindness
Education of Visually Disabled
United States

description: From the beginning, in the United States, efforts on behalf of the blind have been made with the objective to educate and help blind persons become self-supporting. The most distinctive feature of the American institutions is that they are an integral part of the educational system of the country. Among the blind, this has inspired self-respect and an ambition to be independent.
Canadian Gallup Omnibus Poll December 1994
Creators: name: Inc., The Canadian Gallup Poll
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2021

description: Federal election/party(4); Jean Chretien job performance(1); major purchases(3); country's economy(2); personal financial situation(3); Quebec separation(1); Canada's role in the United Nations(2); liberal government performance(1); legitimate defenses in criminal cases(2); mercy killing(2).
Additional file 4 of Plastome evolution and phylogenomic insights into the evolution of Lysimachia (Primulaceae: Myrsinoideae)
Creators: name: Liu, Tong-Jian
name: Zhang, Shu-Yan
name: Wei, Lei
name: Lin, Wei
name: Yan, Hai-Fei
name: Hao, Gang
name: Ge, Xue-Jun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 4: Fig. S4. Sequence identity plots of plastomes of Lysimachia by mVISTA using Lysimachia fortunei as the reference. The top line shows the orientation of genes. A cutoff of 70% identity was used for the plots, and the Y-scale represents the percentage identity ranging from 50 to 100%.
First Observation of Exclusive chi_cJ Decays to Two Charged and Two Neutral Hadrons
Creators: name: He, Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study exclusive chi_c0, chi_c1 and chi_c2 decays to four-hadron final states involving two charged and two neutral mesons: pi^+pi^-pi^0pi^0, K^+K^-pi^0pi^0, pppi^0pi^0, K^+K^-etapi^0, and K^+-pi^-+K^0pi^0o. The chi_c states are produced in radiative decays of 3.08 million psi-prime resonance decays and observed in the CLEO detector. We also measure the largest substructure contributions to the modes pi^+pi^-pi^0pi^0 and K^+-pi^-+K^0pi^0.
description: Available through http://www.lns.cornell.edu/public/CLNS/, submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Design of High-Q Passband Filters Implemented Through Multipolar All-Dielectric Metasurfaces
Creators: name: Monti, Alessio
name: Alù, Andrea
name: Toscano, Alessandro
name: Bilotti, Filiberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a novel class of ultrathin high Q passband filters designed by properly combining different multipolar resonances sustained by an all dielectric metasurface. A rigorous analytical model, based on surface impedance homogenization and accounting for the effects of both dipolar and the quadrupolar contributions to the overall scattering response, is derived and verified through numerical simulations. Then, it is described how it is possible to engineer the interactions between dipoles and quadrupoles in a metasurface made by core shell spherical elements to design ultrathin and broadband dielectric mirrors with a narrow transmission band. The proposed filters exhibit high Q factor resonances and can be implemented using realistic materials at either microwave or optical frequencies. Finally, we discuss how the proposed dielectric filters can be used to design self filtering aperture antennas exhibiting higher out of band selectivity compared with those implemented through metallic resonators.
The Golden Ratio Encoder
Creators: name: Daubechies, I.
name: Güntürk, C. S.
name: Wang, Y.
name: Yilmaz, Ö.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 41A99, 94C99

description: This paper proposes a novel Nyquist-rate analog-to-digital (A/D) conversion algorithm which achieves exponential accuracy in the bit-rate despite using imperfect components. The proposed algorithm is based on a robust implementation of a beta-encoder where the value of the base beta is equal to golden mean. It was previously shown that beta-encoders can be implemented in such a way that their exponential accuracy is robust against threshold offsets in the quantizer element. This paper extends this result by allowing for imperfect analog multipliers with imprecise gain values as well. A formal computational model for algorithmic encoders and a general test bed for evaluating their robustness is also proposed.
description: 24 pages, 9 figures
Modeling Polarization Signals from Cloudy Brown Dwarfs: Luhman 16 A and B in Three Dimensions
Creators: name: Mukherjee, Sagnick
name: Fortney, Jonathan J.
name: Jensen-Clem, Rebecca
name: Tan, Xianyu
name: Marley, Mark S.
name: Batalha, Natasha E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detection of disk-integrated polarization from Luhman 16A and B in H-band, and subsequent modeling, has been interpreted in the framework of zonal cloud bands on these bodies. Recently, Tan and Showman (2021) investigated three-dimensional atmospheric circulation and cloud structures of brown dwarfs with general circulation models (GCMs), and their simulations yield complex cloud distributions showing some aspects of zonal jets, but also complex vortices that cannot be captured by a simple model. Here we use these 3D GCMs specific to Luhman 16A and B, along with the three-dimensional Monte Carlo radiative transfer code ARTES, to calculate their polarization signals. We adopt the 3D temperature-pressure and cloud profiles from the GCMs as our input atmospheric structures. Our polarization calculations at 1.6 $μ$m agree well with the measured degree of linear polarization from both Luhman 16 A and B. Our calculations reproduce the measured polarization for both the objects with cloud particle sizes between 0.5-1 \,$μ$m for Luhman 16 A and 5 \,$μ$m for Luhman 16 B. We find that the degree of linear polarization can vary on hour-long timescales over the course of a rotation period. We also show that models with azimuthally symmetric band-like cloud geometries, typically used for interpreting polarimetry observations of brown dwarfs, over-predict the polarization signal if the cloud patterns do not include complex vortices within these bands. This exploratory work shows that GCMs are promising for modeling and interpreting polarization signals of brown dwarfs.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures, Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical journal
Network Protection Codes Against Link Failures Using Network Coding
Creators: name: Aly, Salah A.
name: Kamal, Ahmed E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Protecting against link failures in communication networks is essential to increase robustness, accessibility, and reliability of data transmission. Recently, network coding has been proposed as a solution to provide agile and cost efficient network protection against link failures, which does not require data rerouting, or packet retransmission. To achieve this, separate paths have to be provisioned to carry encoded packets, hence requiring either the addition of extra links, or reserving some of the resources for this purpose. In this paper, we propose network protection codes against a single link failure using network coding, where a separate path using reserved links is not needed. In this case portions of the link capacities are used to carry the encoded packets. The scheme is extended to protect against multiple link failures and can be implemented at an overlay layer. Although this leads to reducing the network capacity, the network capacity reduction is asymptotically small in most cases of practical interest. We demonstrate that such network protection codes are equivalent to error correcting codes for erasure channels. Finally, we study the encoding and decoding operations of such codes over the binary field.
Medicine plus religion
Creators: name: Croeni, Clarene C.
Publisher: name: University of Oregon
Year: 1932
Subjects: Religion and Medicine

description: From the earliest beginnings medicine and religion have been more or less closely associated, although not always happily so. In the centuries just passed, broadly speaking, the clergy has often looked askance on many of the practices and adaptations of new methods by the medical world, never for a moment thinking that medicine might have something of value to contribute to religion. In the same way, the medical profession has been very slow to accept that the Church might be of any assistance. There is, however, a growing realization that the physical, mental, spiritual and social aides of the individual are not separate entities, but are very closely related, and growing consciousness that medicine and religion, can, be working together, improves the total result.
On the Use of Nonlinear Metasurfaces for Circumventing Fundamental Limits of Mantle Cloaking for Antennas
Creators: name: Vellucci, Stefano
name: Monti, Alessio
name: Barbuto, Mirko
name: Oliveri, Giacomo
name: Salucci, Marco
name: Toscano, Alessandro
name: Bilotti, Filiberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of this communication is to investigate and demonstrate the possibility to overcome the fundamental limitations of mantle cloaking for antennas by exploiting nonlinear metasurfaces. First, we recap and give additional physical insights about the fundamental bounds that apply to the electric properties of an antenna that is made invisible at its own resonance frequency. Then, an innovative strategy is proposed to circumvent these limits through the introduction of nonlinear elements that are able to dynamically transform the geometry of the cloaking metasurface depending on the power level of the impinging field. Different nonlinear designs are discussed, and their effectiveness is assessed through the relevant benchmark example of a half-wavelength dipole antenna able to efficiently transmit high-power signals while being invisible to low-power ones. In addition, the capability of such nonlinear mantle cloaks to enable the shaping of the radiation pattern of an antenna array depending on the power level of the received/transmitted signal is demonstrated. These innovative cloaking devices may find applications in different radiating systems enabling unprecedented functionalities.
Polarization Charge Distribution in Gapped Graphene
Creators: name: Kotov, Valeri N.
name: Pereira, Vitor M.
name: Uchoa, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the distribution of vacuum polarization charge induced by a Coulomb impurity in massive graphene. By analytically computing the polarization function, we show that the charge density is distributed in space in a non-trivial fashion, and on a characteristic length-scale set by the effective Compton wavelength. The density crosses over from a logarithmic behavior below this scale, to a power law variation above it. Our results in the continuum limit are confirmed by explicit diagonalization of the corresponding tight-binding model on a finite-size lattice. Electron-electron interaction effects are also discussed.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures; expanded version
Study of kinetic freeze-out parameters as function of rapidity in pp collisions at CERN SPS energies
Creators: name: Waqas, Muhammad
name: Chen, H. M.
name: Pen, Guang Xiong
name: Ismail, Abd Al Karim Haj
name: Ajaz, Muhammad
name: Wazir, Zafar
name: Shehzadi, Ramoona
name: Jamal, Sabiha
name: AbdelKader, Atef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We used the blast wave model with Boltzmann Gibbs statistics and analyzed the experimental data measured by NA61/SHINE Collaboration in inelastic (INEL) proton-proton collisions at different rapidity slices at different center-of-mass energies. The particles used in this study are pion, kaon, proton and anti-proton. We extracted kinetic freeze-out temperature, transverse flow velocity and kinetic freeze-out volume from the transverse momentum spectra of the particles. We observed that the kinetic freeze-out temperature is rapidity and energy dependent, while transverse flow velocity does not depend on them. Furthermore, we observed that the kinetic freeze-out volume is energy dependent but it remains constant with changing the rapidity. We also observed that all these three parameters are mass dependent. In addition, with the increase of mass, the kinetic freeze-out temperature increases, and the transverse flow velocity as well as kinetic freeze-out volume decreases.
Spiritual sacrifice in George Herbert’s The Temple
Creators: name: Paschold, Steven Recce
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis discusses the theme of spiritual sacrifice in George Herbert's "The Temple". In terms of poetic content the study mainly assesses the relative importance, for Herbert of three qualities of spiritual sacrifice — repentance, dedication, and praise — and examines the significance, of Christ's Sacrifice and the role of the heart in spiritual sacrifice. Although Herbert's "Dedication" to his work suggests that each, poem, is a sacrifice, the study seeks to show, how, in addition to content, several, poems, in their combination, of language and form demonstrate, the sacrificial, act itself. Along, with a treatment, of this theme, discussion of the poems reveals the way in which motifs and images of sacrifice, recur, in many poems. Chapter One considers the sanctions and stipulations of offering spiritual sacrifices and the nature of the sacrifices themselves, through a study of Old and Hew. Testament, scripture. A sampling of homiletic and exegetical sources especially contemporary to Herbert, points out the prophetic and typological concerns relevant to the subject. Chapter Two begins the study of Herbert's poetry with, an explication of the first, several poems, with, particular attention paid to the way in which "The Sacrifice" provides a focal point, for the poems which, follow. Chapter Three surveys a selection of poems scattered throughout The Temple which specifically use the language and imagery of sacrifice. This study of spiritual sacrifice in the poetry concludes that, divine ministry initiates and provides assistance in the offering of the sacrifices, and that the spiritual, sacrifices arise from a heart; dealt with by the Spirit of God. Sacrifices characteristically express the poet's sense of dedication, and praise, along with repentance. Although these qualities receive varying emphases in the poetry, as a general premise it can he said that sin. must be confessed and a sense of fellowship with God restored before expressions of dedication and praise can properly and acceptably be offered. Some poems in their combination of language and form demonstrate or suggest the sacrificial act itself, particularly regarding the "pattern" in, which sacrificial qualities are considered. As a general conclusion spiritual sacrifice expresses a way in which the Christian, responds to the reception of divine Love and Grace. The offering of, spiritual sacrifices should and does constitute a regular activity in the life of the typical believer.
Detection of period variations in extrasolar transiting planet OGLE-TR-111b
Creators: name: Díaz, Rodrigo F.
name: Rojo, Patricio
name: Melita, Mario
name: Hoyer, Sergio
name: Minniti, Dante
name: Mauas, Pablo J. D.
name: Ruíz, María Teresa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two consecutive transits of planetary companion OGLE-TR-111b were observed in the I band. Combining these observations with data from the literature, we find that the timing of the transits cannot be explained by a constant period, and that the observed variations cannot be originated by the presence of a satellite. However, a perturbing planet with the mass of the Earth in an exterior orbit could explain the observations if the orbit of OGLE-TR-111b is eccentric. We also show that the eccentricity needed to explain the observations is not ruled out by the radial velocity data found in the literature.
description: Corrected central times, minor changes in the analysis of the data, and text. Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Robustness of Heisenberg-limited interferometry with balanced Fock states
Creators: name: Meiser, D.
name: Holland, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interferometry with Heisenberg limited phase resolution may play an important role in the next generation of atomic clocks, gravitational wave detectors, and in quantum information science. For experimental implementations the robustness of the phase resolution is crucial since any experimental realization will be subject to imperfections. In this article we study the robustness of phase reconstruction with two number states as input subject to fluctuations in the state preparation. We find that the phase resolution is insensitive to fluctuations in the total number of particles and robust against noise in the number difference at the input. The phase resolution depends on the uncertainty in the number difference in a universal way that has a clear physical interpretation: Fundamental noise due to the Heisenberg limit and noise due to state preparation imperfection contribute essentially independently to the total uncertainty in the phase. For number difference uncertainties less than one the first noise source is dominant and the phase resolution is essentially Heisenberg limited. For number difference uncertainties greater than one the noise due to state preparation imperfection is dominant and the phase resolution deteriorates linearly with the number difference uncertainty.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures; high-resolution version can be obtained from authors
Mutual Information in Molecular and Macromolecular Systems
Creators: name: Tripodo, Antonio
name: Puosi, Francesco
name: Malvaldi, Marco
name: Leporini, Dino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relaxation properties of viscous liquids close to their glass transition (GT) have been widely characterised by the statistical tool of time correlation functions. However, the strong influence of ubiquitous non-linearities calls for new, alternative tools of analysis. In this respect, information theory-based observables and, more specifically, mutual information (MI) are gaining increasing interest. Here, we report on novel, deeper insight provided by MI-based analysis of molecular dynamics simulations of molecular and macromolecular glass-formers on two distinct aspects of transport and relaxation close to GT, namely dynamical heterogeneity (DH) and secondary Johari--Goldstein (JG) relaxation processes. In a model molecular liquid with significant DH, MI reveals two populations of particles organised in clusters having either filamentous or compact globular structures that exhibit different mobility and relaxation properties. In a model polymer melt, MI provides clearer evidence of JG secondary relaxation and sharper insight into its DH. It is found that both DH and MI between the orientation and the displacement of the bonds reach (local) maxima at the time scales of the primary and JG secondary relaxation. This suggests that, in (macro)molecular systems, the mechanistic explanation of both DH and relaxation must involve rotation/translation coupling.
Necessary and Sufficient Conditions for Success of the Nuclear Norm Heuristic for Rank Minimization
Creators: name: Recht, Benjamin
name: Xu, Weiyu
name: Hassibi, Babak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 90C25, 90C59 (Primary) 15A52 (Secondary)

description: Minimizing the rank of a matrix subject to constraints is a challenging problem that arises in many applications in control theory, machine learning, and discrete geometry. This class of optimization problems, known as rank minimization, is NP-HARD, and for most practical problems there are no efficient algorithms that yield exact solutions. A popular heuristic algorithm replaces the rank function with the nuclear norm--equal to the sum of the singular values--of the decision variable. In this paper, we provide a necessary and sufficient condition that quantifies when this heuristic successfully finds the minimum rank solution of a linear constraint set. We additionally provide a probability distribution over instances of the affine rank minimization problem such that instances sampled from this distribution satisfy our conditions for success with overwhelming probability provided the number of constraints is appropriately large. Finally, we give empirical evidence that these probabilistic bounds provide accurate predictions of the heuristic's performance in non-asymptotic scenarios.
description: 21 pages, 3 figures. A short version of this paper will appear at the 47th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control
System size synchronization
Creators: name: Olivera-Atencio, María Laura
name: Morillo, Manuel
name: Casado-Pascual, Jesús
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we bring out the existence of a novel kind of synchronization associated to the size of a complex system. A dichotomic random jump process associated to the dynamics of an externally driven stochastic system with $N$ coupled units is constructed. We define an output frequency and phase diffusion coefficient. System size synchronization occurs when the average output frequency is locked to the external one and the average phase diffusion coefficient shows a very deep minimum for a range of system sizes. Analytical and numerical procedures are introduced to study the phenomenon, and the results describe successfully the existence of system size synchronization.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
OSS effort estimation using software features similarity and developer activity-based metrics
Creators: name: Kapur, Ritu
name: Sodhi, Balwinder
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Software development effort estimation (SDEE) generally involves leveraging the information about the effort spent in developing similar software in the past. Most organizations do not have access to sufficient and reliable forms of such data from past projects. As such, the existing SDEE methods suffer from low usage and accuracy. We propose an efficient SDEE method for open source software, which provides accurate and fast effort estimates. The significant contributions of our paper are i) Novel SDEE software metrics derived from developer activity information of various software repositories, ii) SDEE dataset comprising the SDEE metrics' values derived from $\approx13,000$ GitHub repositories from 150 different software categories, iii) an effort estimation tool based on SDEE metrics and a software description similarity model. Our software description similarity model is basically a machine learning model trained using the Paragraph Vectors algorithm on the software product descriptions of GitHub repositories. Given the software description of a newly-envisioned software, our tool yields an effort estimate for developing it. Our method achieves the highest Standard Accuracy score of 87.26% (with cliff's $δ$=0.88 at 99.999% confidence level) and 42.7% with the Automatic Transformed Linear Baseline model. Our software artifacts are available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5095723.
description: 45 pages, 10 figures, 11 tables, 3 algorithms, Accepted in ACM TOSEM
Minimal Flavor Protection: A New Flavor Paradigm in Warped Models
Creators: name: Santiago, Jose
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new flavor paradigm for models with warped extra dimensions. The idea is to impose the minimal amount of flavor protection to make warped models compatible with all current flavor and electroweak precision constraints. We discuss a particular realization of this minimal flavor protection in the quark sector, by means of a flavor symmetry acting on the right handed down sector. Hierarchical quark masses and mixing angles are naturally reproduced through wave function localization, and flavor violating processes are predicted, in the absence of large brane kinetic terms for the right handed down quarks, below but not too far from current experimental limits in several channels. With this new flavor pattern, models with warped extra dimensions can be accessible through direct production of new resonances at the LHC and also through precision flavor experiments.
description: 9 pages; v2 11 pages, extended discussion including the effect of brane kinetic terms, matches published version