cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The viscosity radius in dilute polymer solutions: Universal behaviour from DNA rheology and Brownian dynamics simulations
Creators: name: Pan, Sharadwata
name: Ahirwal, D.
name: Nguyen, Duc At
name: Sridhar, T.
name: Sunthar, P.
name: Prakash, J. Ravi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The swelling of the viscosity radius, $α_η$, and the universal viscosity ratio, $U_{ηR}$, have been determined experimentally for linear DNA molecules in dilute solutions with excess salt, and numerically by Brownian dynamics simulations, as a function of the solvent quality. In the latter instance, asymptotic parameter free predictions have been obtained by extrapolating simulation data for finite chains to the long chain limit. Experiments and simulations show a universal crossover for $α_η$ and $U_{ηR}$ from $θ$ to good solvents in line with earlier observations on synthetic polymer-solvent systems. The significant difference between the swelling of the dynamic viscosity radius from the observed swelling of the static radius of gyration, is shown to arise from the presence of hydrodynamic interactions in the non-draining limit. Simulated values of $α_η$ and $U_{ηR}$ are in good agreement with experimental measurements in synthetic polymer solutions reported previously, and with the measurements in linear DNA solutions reported here.
description: 19 pages, 14 figures, two column, Supporting Information added, to appear in Macromolecules
title: Оценка мотивационной сферы магистрантов гуманитарных направлений как средство определения их образовательных запросов
title: Assessment of the Motivation Sphere of Master’s Degree Students of the Humanities Department as a Means for Determining Their Educational Needs
Creators: name: Гузич, Майя Эдуардовна
name: Макаренко, Татьяна Александровна
Publisher: name: Издательский центр СурГУ
Year: 2022

description: В статье приводится анализ учебно-профессиональной мотивации как основы
успешного обучения студентов на второй ступени высшего профессионального образования.
В исследовании приняли участие 47 магистрантов 1-го курса обучения гуманитарным специальностям БУ ВО ХМАО-Югры «Сургутский государственный университет», обучающихся по программам психологического и педагогического направления (магистерские программы «Психология развития», «Профессиональное образование в области инженерного дела, технологий и технических наук»
и «Технологии и практики современного образования»). Полученные результаты показали, что ведущими учебно-профессиональными мотивами магистрантов гуманитарных специальностей являются:
финансовый мотив, мотивы перспективности работы и служения людям, потребность в проявлении
своих способностей и творческом характере труда. В статье использованы как теоретические методы
исследования (метод анализа, систематизации и обобщения теоретических и исследовательских данных), так и эмпирические (методика «Состязание мотивов»). Для установления статистических
различий между экспериментальными группами применялся U-критерий Манна – Уитни.
description: The article dwells on the analysis of academic and professional motivation as the basis
for successful students’ studying at the second stage of higher professional education. The study involved
47 first-year Master’s Degree Students of the Humanities Department of Surgut State University, studying Psychology and Pedagogy (the following Master's Degree Programs: “Psychology of Development”,
“Professional Education in Engineering and Technology”, “Solutions and Practices of Modern Education”).
The obtained results proved that financial reasons, the opportunity to work with people and serve them
in future, the need for showing personal abilities and creativity were the leading academic and professional
motives of Master’s Degree Students of the Humanities Department. Both theoretical (analysis, systematization
and generalization of theoretical and research data) and empirical methods (“Competition of Motives”
method) were used. The Mann – Whitney U-test was used for statistical differentiation among the experimental
groups.
KETIDAKADILAN PEMBAGIAN HARTA DALAM SUDUT PANDANG HUKUM POSITIF DAN HUKUM ADAT
Creators: name: Tio Sari Febrina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Tulisan ini membahas tentang ketidakadilan dalam pembagian harta warisan dari sudut pandang hukum positif dan hukum adat di Indonesia. Hukum positif, yang diatur oleh undang-undang, dan hukum adat yang berlaku di berbagai suku, sering kali bertentangan dalam cara pembagian harta, sehingga menyebabkan ketegangan dan ketidakadilan di masyarakat.

Dalam hukum positif Indonesia, harta dibagi dalam dua kategori: harta bersama dan harta pribadi. Harta bersama, yang diperoleh selama pernikahan, umumnya dibagi secara adil di antara pasangan atau anak-anak jika salah satu pasangan meninggal. Hukum positif juga melindungi hak perempuan dalam hal ini. Namun, dalam hukum adat yang bervariasi di berbagai daerah, seperti hukum adat Batak Toba, terdapat ketidakadilan dalam pembagian harta, di mana laki-laki sering kali mendapatkan hak lebih besar dibanding perempuan. Hal ini didasarkan pada pandangan bahwa laki-laki akan menjaga nama keluarga dan perempuan dianggap kurang berhak karena nantinya menikah dan keluar dari keluarga.

Tulisan ini juga mencatat adanya praktik ketidakadilan dalam keluarga yang tinggal berjauhan atau tidak memenuhi harapan sosial, yang sering kali diabaikan dalam pembagian harta. Walaupun hukum positif telah mengatur pembagian yang adil, banyak keluarga tetap mengikuti hukum adat yang mendiskriminasi perempuan.

Solusi yang diajukan adalah perlunya kesadaran dan edukasi masyarakat tentang pentingnya penerapan hukum positif untuk menciptakan keadilan dalam pembagian harta. Selain itu, pemberdayaan perempuan dan promosi kesetaraan gender di masyarakat adat juga penting agar hak-hak perempuan dalam pembagian harta dapat diakui secara lebih adil.
Thick-Brane Cosmology
Creators: name: Ahmed, Aqeel
name: Grzadkowski, Bohdan
name: Wudka, Jose
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We search for time-dependent solutions for the 5-dimensional system of a scalar field canonically coupled to gravity. Time-independent and time-dependent scalar field configurations with the most general homogeneous and isotropic 4D metric are considered. For the case of time-independent scalar field, the time evolution of the scale factor is obtained for different values of the spatial curvature $k=0,\pm 1$. In the case of time-dependent scalar field, two classes of solutions are discussed and an extension of the superpotential formalism is proposed.
description: 19 pages and 8 figures, v2: version published in JHEP
Responsible digital agri-food innovation in Australian and New Zealand public research organisations
Creators: name: Espig, Martin
name: Fielke, Simon
name: Finlay-Smits, Susanna
name: Jakku, Emma
name: Turner, James
name: Robinson, Cathy J.
name: Hunter, Cass
name: Lacey, Justine
Publisher: name: AgResearch
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 30
subject: Agricultural, veterinary and food sciences

description: This article analyses digital agricultural technologies (agtech) innovation in two public research organisations in Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand through the lens of responsible innovation (RI), and how corresponding activities were realised in practice. Four virtual workshops explored the operationalisation of RI and its efficacy in digital agtech development. Thematic analysis of workshop materials provided scope to assess the recognised and realised value of RI in both digital agtech programmes, which we found lagging behind RI's full, perhaps idealised, potential. The value proposition of RI can, therefore, not be taken for granted without support for its operationalisation and institutionalisation. Given growing demands on public research organisations to responsibly develop transformational research and innovation, the article outlines recommendations for turning RI aspirations into situated research practices. We conclude that the next phase of agtech innovation should align with the co-evolution of rural social research and its contribution to more responsible digital agtech innovation.NZBIDA
Massive Star Formation
Creators: name: Tan, Jonathan C.
name: Beltran, Maria T.
name: Caselli, Paola
name: Fontani, Francesco
name: Fuente, Asuncion
name: Krumholz, Mark R.
name: McKee, Christopher F.
name: Stolte, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The enormous radiative and mechanical luminosities of massive stars impact a vast range of scales and processes, from the reionization of the universe, to the evolution of galaxies, to the regulation of the interstellar medium, to the formation of star clusters, and even to the formation of planets around stars in such clusters. Two main classes of massive star formation theory are under active study, Core Accretion and Competitive Accretion. In Core Accretion, the initial conditions are self-gravitating, centrally concentrated cores that condense with a range of masses from the surrounding, fragmenting clump environment. They then undergo relatively ordered collapse via a central disk to form a single star or a small-N multiple. In this case, the pre-stellar core mass function has a similar form to the stellar initial mass function. In Competitive Accretion, the material that forms a massive star is drawn more chaotically from a wider region of the clump without passing through a phase of being in a massive, coherent core. In this case, massive star formation must proceed hand in hand with star cluster formation. If stellar densities become very high near the cluster center, then collisions between stars may also help to form the most massive stars. We review recent theoretical and observational progress towards understanding massive star formation, considering physical and chemical processes, comparisons with low and intermediate-mass stars, and connections to star cluster formation.
description: Accepted for publication as a chapter in Protostars and Planets VI, University of Arizona Press (2014), eds. H. Beuther, R. Klessen, C. Dullemond, Th. Henning
TOPS March 9 2023 Community Forum
Creators: name: Hall, Cynthia
name: Gentemann, Chelle
name: Ivey, Yvonne
name: Martin, Paige
name: Granados, Monica
name: Conn, Erin
name: Pearson, Yvette E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: On March 09, 2023 we held a joint community forum between the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) SEA Change, Creative Commons, and TOPS, Open Science: Challenges and Opportunities for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion.

 During the forum, we introduced the three organizations and then openly discussed what is open science in higher education institutions, how can learning to practice open science encourage equity across the entire STEMM enterprise, and how do we ensure that voices from traditional underrepresented geographical regions are not only included but prioritized?

 Our goal throughout the Year of Open Science, and beyond is to hold space for the scientific community to come together for intentional discussions around broadening participation and developing an equal level playing field to prioritize NASA’s Open Source Science Initiative priorities. We hope you will join us and the TOPS community as we work to build sustained relationships with traditionally excluded groups within the scientific community.
Correlation of automated volumetric mammographic breast density with non-herditary risk factors for breast cancer – the future of personalised screening.
Creators: name: Soh, Bao Lin Pauline
name: Sim, L
name: Brennan, P
Publisher: name: Singapore Institute of Technology
Year: 2024

description: Mammographic breast density has recently been shown to be an independent risk factor for breast cancer. This study examines the association of breast density with more established demographic, reproductive and lifestyle risk factors. Asymptomatic women (N=617) who attended mammographic screening in our hospital between December 2015 and April 2017 and fulfilled the inclusion criteria were recruited. They completed a questionnaire regarding their demographics, reproductive history and lifestyle characteristics. Mammographic breast density was obtained using an automated volumetric breast density assessment software (QUANTRATM). The women were divided into pre-menopausal and post-menopausal groups. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to assess the relationship between breast density and continuous variables within the respective groups. The groups were further divided into high and low breast density categories using the median as threshold. The association between high and low density categories within each group and categorical variables were assessed with either Fisher’s exact or chi-square test; and the association with continuous variables was assessed with two-tailed t-test. Breast density was significantly correlated with parity (r=-0.12; p=0.046) and weight (r=-0.35; p<0.0001) for post-menopausal women. Post-menopausal women exhibited increased breast density when parity >0 (OR=2.0; p=0.012). Significant differences were demonstrated between high density (HD) and low density (LD) categories for age at menarche (HD=12.8; LD=12.4; p=0.041) within the pre-menopausal group and for age (HD=58.6; LD=60.5; p=0.011), weight (HD=54.8; LD=62.0; p<0.0001), parity (HD=2.1; LD=2.4; p=0.0036) and primipara age (HD=27.2; LD=25.9; p=0.016) within the post-menopausal group. Pre-menopausal women had higher breast density with later age of menarche. Post-menopausal women had higher breast density with younger age, lower parity and weight, having children and higher primapara age. These important associations are useful in developing breast cancer prevention and personalised screening strategies.
New Dirac Delta function based methods with applications to perturbative expansions in quantum field theory
Creators: name: Kempf, Achim
name: Jackson, David M.
name: Morales, Alejandro H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive new all-purpose methods that involve the Dirac Delta distribution. Some of the new methods use derivatives in the argument of the Dirac Delta. We highlight potential avenues for applications to quantum field theory and we also exhibit a connection to the problem of blurring/deblurring in signal processing. We find that blurring, which can be thought of as a result of multi-path evolution, is, in Euclidean quantum field theory without spontaneous symmetry breaking, the strong coupling dual of the usual small coupling expansion in terms of the sum over Feynman graphs.
description: Cleared up typos, added comments
MAIN COMPONENTS AND COOPERATIVE RELATIONS OF PRESCHOOL PREPARATION FOR CHILDREN OF PRESCHOOL AGE
Creators: name: Abdirahkmanova, Laylo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: At this stage of the formation of the child's thinking, rather than meaningful components, developmental components should prevail. The services of the designers and pedagogues of the preschool educational institution should be aimed at directing each child to activities, analyzing the characteristics of objects and events, that is, distributing objects according to the indicated signs, distinguishing their differences and general characteristics. must
Abundance, size and spatial distribution of neustonic microplastic in the Ligurian Sea (NW-Mediterranean Sea)
Creators: name: Maria-Luiza Pedrotti
name: Petit, Stéphanie
name: Bruzaud, Stéphane
name: Elineau, Amanda
name: Crebassa, Jean-Claude
name: Gorsky, Gabriel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: microplastics
neustonic plankton
spatio-temporal distribution
Ligurian sea
Mediterranean sea
plastic debris

description: Marine debris has been defined as any manufactured or processed solid waste material that enters the marine environment from any source. While plastics constitute a lower percentage of discarded waste, they are the most important part of marine litter, comprising sometimes up to 100 % for floating items. Plastics have been considered an environmental and pollution threat to the marine environment whose importance will increase through the 21st century. In Mediterranean Sea more than 70 % of plastic litters comes from land-based source. Once in the marine environment debris may remain for many years. The Mediterranean Sea is one of the most affected by floating plastic debris however scientific investigation on the impact of microplastics is recent and results beginning to emerge. Here we report a study on the abundance, size and spatio-temporal distribution of microplastic and zooplakton carried out in summer 2013 in the Ligurian Sea. Surface floating microplastics abundance and area per square kilometer were calculated and compared to the size distribution and mean spatial trends of the neustonic plankton.
Stable regions of Turán expressions
Creators: name: Chasse, Matthew
name: Grabarek, Lukasz
name: Visontai, Mirkó
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 26D05, Secondary 30C10

description: Consider polynomial sequences that satisfy a first-order differential recurrence. We prove that if the recurrence is of a special form, then the Turán expressions for the sequence are weakly Hurwitz stable (non-zero in the open right half-plane). A special case of our theorem settles a problem proposed by S. Fisk that the Turán expressions for the univariate Bell polynomials are weakly Hurwitz stable. We obtain related results for Chebyshev and Hermite polynomials, and propose several extensions involving Laguerre polynomials, Bessel polynomials, and Jensen polynomials associated to a class of real entire functions.
description: minor revisions, fixed several typos
Generalized Randall-Sundrum model with a single thick brane
Creators: name: Ahmed, Aqeel
name: Dulny, Lukasz
name: Grzadkowski, Bohdan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A generalized version of the Randall-Sundrum model-2 with different cosmological constants on each side of a brane has been discussed. A possibility of replacing the singular brane by a configuration of a scalar field has been also considered, the Einstein equations for this setup were solved and stability of the solution discussed. It has been shown that under mild assumptions the relation between cosmological constants and the brane tension obtained in the brane limit does not depend on the particular choice of the regularizing profile of the scalar field.
description: 15 pages and 7 figures, v2: major revision in sections 2 and 3, results unchanged, version to appear in EPJC
Replication of study 1 of Byrne et al. (2000)
Creators: name: Chandrashekar, Subramanya Prasad
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Counterfactual thinking
subject: Temporality effect

description: This project's aim is to test the predominant tendency people have to consider the second event in an independent two-event sequence more mutable than the first.
Locally covariant quantum field theory with external sources
Creators: name: Fewster, Christopher J.
name: Schenkel, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81T20, 81T05

description: We provide a detailed analysis of the classical and quantized theory of a multiplet of inhomogeneous Klein-Gordon fields, which couple to the spacetime metric and also to an external source term; thus the solutions form an affine space. Following the formulation of affine field theories in terms of presymplectic vector spaces as proposed in [Annales Henri Poincare 15, 171 (2014)], we determine the relative Cauchy evolution induced by metric as well as source term perturbations and compute the automorphism group of natural isomorphisms of the presymplectic vector space functor. Two pathological features of this formulation are revealed: the automorphism group contains elements that cannot be interpreted as global gauge transformations of the theory; moreover, the presymplectic formulation does not respect a natural requirement on composition of subsystems. We therefore propose a systematic strategy to improve the original description of affine field theories at the classical and quantized level, first passing to a Poisson algebra description in the classical case. The idea is to consider state spaces on the classical and quantum algebras suggested by the physics of the theory (in the classical case, we use the affine solution space). The state spaces are not separating for the algebras, indicating a redundancy in the description. Removing this redundancy by a quotient, a functorial theory is obtained that is free of the above mentioned pathologies. These techniques are applicable to general affine field theories and Abelian gauge theories. The resulting quantized theory is shown to be dynamically local.
description: v2: 42 pages; Appendix C on deformation quantization and references added. v3: 47 pages; compatible with version to appear in Annales Henri Poincare
Quantum cosmology, minimal length and holography
Creators: name: Jalalzadeh, S.
name: Rasouli, S. M. M.
name: Moniz, P. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects of a generalized uncertainty principle on the classical and quantum cosmology of a closed Friedmann Universe whose matter content is either a dust or a radiation fluid. More concretely, assuming the existence of a minimal length, we show that the entropy will constitute a Dirac observable. In addition, 't Hooft conjecture on the cosmological holographic principle is also investigated. We describe how this holographic principle is satisfied for large values of a quantum number, $n$. This occurs when the entropy is computed in terms of the minimal area.
description: 7 pages, no figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Integrable Generalized KdV and MKdV Equations with Spatiotemporally Varying Coefficients
Creators: name: Russo, Matthew
name: Choudhury, S. Roy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A technique based on extended Lax Pairs is first considered to derive variable-coefficient generalizations of various Lax-integrable NLPDE hierarchies recently introduced in the literature. As illustrative examples, we consider generalizations of KdV equations and three variants of generalized MKdV equations. It is demonstrated that the techniques yield Lax- or S-integrable NLPDEs with both time- AND space-dependent coefficients which are thus more general than almost all cases considered earlier via other methods such as the Painleve Test, Bell Polynomials, and various similarity methods. However, this technique, although operationally effective, has the significant disadvantage that, for any integrable system with spatiotemporally varying coefficients, one must guess a generalization of the structure of the known Lax Pair for the corresponding system with constant coefficients. Motivated by the somewhat arbitrary nature of the above procedure, we embark in this paper on an attempt to systematize the derivation of Lax-integrable sytems with variable coefficients. Hence we attempt to apply the Estabrook-Wahlquist (EW) prolongation technique, a relatively self-consistent procedure requiring little prior information. However, this immediately requires that the technique be significantly generalized or broadened in several different ways, including solving matrix partial differential equations instead of algebraic ones. The new and extended EW technique whch results is illustrated by algorithmically deriving generalized Lax-integrable versions of the generalized fifth-order KdV, and MKdV equations.
ADHS in der Schule. Ein Integrationsversuch eines Kindes mit ADHS mit dem KlasseKinderSpiel
Creators: name: Mock, Jeannette
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Sonderpädagogik
Masterarbeit
ADHS
KlasseKinderSpiel
Integration

description: In der folgenden Masterarbeit wird in einer Einzelfallstudie (ein Kind mit ADHS) nachgewiesen, wie die pädagogische Intervention des KlasseKinderSpiels Einfluss auf das Verhalten aller Kinder zueinander und auf das der Klassenlehrperson hat. Die Forschungsfrage, ob X. durch das KlasseKinderSpiel besser in seine Klasse integriert werden kann wurde über deduktive und qualitative Forschung erarbeitet. In den Forschungsergebnissen wird sichtbar, dass eine systemische Veränderung der ganze Klasse inklusive der Lehrperson stattgefunden hat und X. heute in die Klasse integriert ist. Erkannt werden konnte, dass bei solider Einhaltung der Vorgaben des KlasseKinderSpiels sehr gute Resultate punkto soziales Verhalten und Regeln einhalten erzielt werden konnten. Mit diesem zeitlich ökonomisch orientierten «Spiel» wurde auch mehr Lernzeit und eine erhöhte Konzentration in der Klasse möglich. Anhand der vielen Vorteile wäre es sinnvoll, wenn Schulen das KlasseKinderSpiel in ihr «heil-pädagogisches» Repertoire aufnehmen würden.
The semiclassical propagator in Fock space: dynamical echo and many-body interference
Creators: name: Engl, Thomas
name: Urbina, Juan Diego
name: Richter, Klaus
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: COHERENT-STATE PROPAGATOR; TRUNCATED WIGNER METHOD; POLARIZATION ECHOES; PHASE-SPACE; SPIN; SYSTEMS; REPRESENTATION; EQUILIBRIUM; NMR; semiclassics; many-body dynamics; ultracold atoms; coherent backscattering; interference
subject: 530 Physik

description: We present a semiclassical approach to many-body quantum propagation in terms of coherent sums over quantum amplitudes associated with the solutions of corresponding classical nonlinear wave equations. This approach adequately describes interference effects in the many-body space of interacting bosonic systems. The main quantity of interest, the transition amplitude between Fock states when the dynamics is driven by both single-particle contributions and many-body interactions of similar magnitude, is non-perturbatively constructed in the spirit of Gutzwiller's derivation of the van Vleck propagator from the path integral representation of the time evolution operator, but lifted to the space of symmetrized many-body states. Effects beyond mean-field, here representing the classical limit of the theory, are semiclassically described by means of interfering amplitudes where the action and stability of the classical solutions enter. In this way, a genuinely many-body echo phenomenon, coherent backscattering in Fock space, is presented arising due to coherent quantum interference between classical solutions related by time reversal.
Universal nonequilibrium signatures of Majorana zero modes in quench dynamics
Creators: name: Vasseur, R.
name: Dahlhaus, J. P.
name: Moore, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum evolution after a metallic lead is suddenly connected to an electron system contains information about the excitation spectrum of the combined system. We exploit this type of "quantum quench" to probe the presence of Majorana fermions at the ends of a topological superconducting wire. We obtain an algebraically decaying overlap (Loschmidt echo) ${\cal L}(t)=| < ψ(0) | ψ(t) > |^2\sim t^{-α}$ for large times after the quench, with a universal critical exponent $α$=1/4 that is found to be remarkably robust against details of the setup, such as interactions in the normal lead, the existence of additional lead channels or the presence of bound levels between the lead and the superconductor. As in recent quantum dot experiments, this exponent could be measured by optical absorption, offering a new signature of Majorana zero modes that is distinct from interferometry and tunneling spectroscopy.
description: 9 pages + appendices, 4 figures. v3: published version
Short-wave vortex instability in stratified flow
Creators: name: Bovard, Luke
name: Waite, Michael L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate a new instability of the Lamb-Chaplygin dipole in a stratified fluid. Through numerical linear stability analysis, a secondary peak in the growth rate emerges at vertical scales about an order of magnitude smaller than the buoyancy scale $L_{b}=U/N$ where $U$ is the characteristic velocity and $N$ is the Brunt-Väisälä frequency. This new instability exhibits a growth rate that is similar to, and even exceeds, that of the zigzag instability, which has the characteristic length of the buoyancy scale. This instability is investigated for a wide range of Reynolds $Re=2000-20000$ and horizontal Froude numbers $F_{h}=0.05-0.2$, where $F_{h}=U/NR$, $Re=UR/ν$, $R$ is the characteristic length scale of the dipole, and $ν$ is the viscosity. A range of vertical scales is explored from above the buoyancy scale to the viscous damping scale. Additionally, evidence is presented that the dynamics of this new instability are partially determined by the buoyancy Reynolds number, $Re_{b}=F_{h}^{2}Re$.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures. Submitted to European Journal of Mechanics - B/Fluids
Ground State Phase Diagram of Parahydrogen in One Dimension
Creators: name: Boninsegni, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The low-temperature phase diagram of parahydrogen in one dimension is studied by quantum Monte Carlo simulations, whose results are interpreted within the framework of Luttinger liquid theory. We show that, contrary to what was claimed in a previous study [Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 2348 (2000)], the equilibrium phase is a crystal. The phase diagram mimics that of parahydrogen in two dimensions, with a single quasicrystaline phase and no quantum phase transition; i.e., it is qualitatively different from that of Helium-four in one dimension.
description: Eq. (1) corrected (published version has pi at the denominator of the first term of the right hand side, instead of pi squared)
Photon upconversion heterostructures made from surface-anchored metal-organic frameworks
Creators: name: Oldenburg, Michael
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2019
Subjects: Hochkonversion
Spektroskopie
organische Halbleiter
Upconversion
spectroscopy
organic semiconductor

description: Diese Arbeit behandelt den Prozess der Photonen-Hochkonversion in oberflächengebundenen metal-organischen Gerüsten. Bei der Hochkonversion werden zwei niederenergetische Photonen absorbiert und zu einem höherenergetischen Photon verschmolzen, welches emitiert wird. In dieser Arbeit wird dieser Vorgang in oberflächengebundenen metal-organischen Gerüsten mittels spektroskopischer Methoden analysiert. Weiterhin wird die Anwendung für die Effizienzsteigerung von Solarzellen diskutiert.
Right-handed chirality of muon neutrinos in polarized muon decay at rest
Creators: name: Sobków, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we analyze the polarized muon decay at rest (PMDaR) admitting the non-standard V+A interaction in addition to the standard V-A interaction. We show that the angle-energy distribution of Dirac muon neutrinos is sensitive to the interference terms between the standard V-A coupling of left-chirality muon neutrino and exotic V+A coupling of right-chirality one, which are proportional to the transverse components of muon neutrino spin polarization. The interferences do not vanish in a massless limit and include the relative phases to test the CP violation (CPV). It allows to calculate a neutrino flux for an assumed configuration of detector in the case of SM prediction, and the upper limits on the neutrino flux for the left-right muon neutrino mixture. We also demonstrate that the effects of neutrino mass and mixing are tiny corrections and can be omitted. The most important conclusion is that even in the massless limit, there are physical effects connected with the mixture of left- and right-handed helicity components in a spin 1/2 quantum state, when exotic interaction V+A is admitted contrary to the electron observables, where all the possible interferences vanish.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, 1 table. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1102.1331 (unpublished)
The Brightest Cluster Galaxy in Abell 85: The Largest Core Known so far
Creators: name: López-Cruz, O.
name: Añorve, C.
name: Birkinshaw, M.
name: Worrall, D. M.
name: Ibarra-Medel, H. J.
name: Barkhouse, W. A.
name: Torres-Papaqui, J. P.
name: Motta, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have found that the brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) in Abell~85, Holm 15A, displays the largest core so far known. Its cusp radius, $r_γ = 4.57 \pm 0.06$ kpc ($4.26^{\prime\prime}\pm 0.06^{\prime\prime}$), is more than 18 times larger than the mean for BCGs, and $\geq1$ kpc larger than A2261-BCG, hitherto the largest-cored BCG (Postman, Lauer, Donahue, et al. 2012) Holm 15A hosts the luminous amorphous radio source 0039-095B and has the optical signature of a LINER. Scaling laws indicate that this core could host a supermassive black hole (SMBH) of mass $M_{\bullet}\thicksim (10^{9}-10^{11})\,M_{\odot}$. We suggest that cores this large represent a relatively short phase in the evolution of BCGs, whereas the masses of their associated SBMH might be set by initial conditions.
description: 14 pages, 3 figure, 2 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ Letters on October 6th, 2014, replacement of previous manuscript submitted on May 30th, 2014 to astro-ph
Black hole complementarity: the inside view
Creators: name: Lowe, David A.
name: Thorlacius, Larus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the framework of black hole complementarity, a proposal is made for an approximate interior effective field theory description. For generic correlators of local operators on generic black hole states, it agrees with the exact exterior description in a region of overlapping validity, up to corrections that are too small to be measured by typical infalling observers.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure
A measurement invariance analysis of selected Opioid Overdose Knowledge Scale (OOKS) items among bystanders and first responders
Creators: name: Swartz, James
name: Kim, Y
name: Lin, Q
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The Opioid Overdose Knowledge Scale (OOKS) is widely used as an adjunct to opioid education and naloxone distribution (OEND) for assessing pre- and post-training knowledge. However, the extent to which the OOKS performs comparably for bystander and first responder groups has not been well determined. We used exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) to assess the measurement invariance of an OOKS item subset when used as an OEND training pre-test. We used secondary analysis of pre-test data collected from 446 first responders and 1,349 bystanders (N = 1,795) attending OEND trainings conducted by two county public health departments. Twenty-four items were selected by practitioner/trainer consensus from the original 45-item OOKS instrument with an additional 2 removed owing to low response variation. We used exploratory factor analysis (EFA) followed by ESEM to identify a factor structure, which we assessed for configural, metric, and scalar measurement invariance by participant group using the 22 dichotomous items (correct/incorrect) as factor indicators. EFA identified a 3-factor model consisting of items assessing: basic overdose risk information, signs of an overdose, and rescue procedures/ advanced overdose risk information. Model fit by ESEM estimation versus confirmatory factor analysis showed the ESEM model afforded a better fit. Measurement invariance analyses indicated the 3-factor model fit the data across all levels of invariance per standard fit statistic metrics. The reduced set of 22 OOKS items appears to offer comparable measurement of pre-training knowledge on opioid overdose risks, signs of an overdose, and rescue procedures for both bystanders and first responders.
UZBEK IN HIS POETRY ISLAMIC OF IDEAS  ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Norov, Otajon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: In this article in the analysis of Islamic poetry, the formal-stylistic, ideological-artistic features are discussed. In particular, the unprecedented changes in artistic thinking that occurred at the end of the 20th century and the beginning of the new century made it possible to radically reform the level of philosophical coverage. As a result, it was carefully observed that the analysis of the poem is a huge issue and responsibility.
Weak percolation on multiplex networks
Creators: name: Baxter, Gareth J.
name: Dorogovtsev, Sergey N.
name: Mendes, José F. F.
name: Cellai, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Bootstrap percolation is a simple but non-trivial model. It has applications in many areas of science and has been explored on random networks for several decades. In single layer (simplex) networks, it has been recently observed that bootstrap percolation, which is defined as an incremental process, can be seen as the opposite of pruning percolation, where nodes are removed according to a connectivity rule. Here we propose models of both bootstrap and pruning percolation for multiplex networks. We collectively refer to these two models with the concept of "weak" percolation, to distinguish them from the somewhat classical concept of ordinary ("strong") percolation. While the two models coincide in simplex networks, we show that they decouple when considering multiplexes, giving rise to a wealth of critical phenomena. Our bootstrap model constitutes the simplest example of a contagion process on a multiplex network and has potential applications in critical infrastructure recovery and information security. Moreover, we show that our pruning percolation model may provide a way to diagnose missing layers in a multiplex network. Finally, our analytical approach allows us to calculate critical behavior and characterize critical clusters.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures
Numerical search for universal entanglers in C3xC4 and C4xC4
Creators: name: Mendes, F. V.
name: Ramos, R. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A universal entangler is quantum gate able to transform any disentangled state in an entangled state. Although universal entanglers are abundant in arbitrary high dimensional spaces, to verify if a quantum gate is a universal entangler is a hard task since it is not known which property of the unitary matrix is responsible for such behavior. In this direction, the present work shows the results of an algorithm based on differential evolution that tests universal entanglers in C3xC4 and C4xC4. We present two good candidates for each cited space and we show that a candidate found in the literature is not a universal entangler.
description: 9 pages
peaks2maps: reconstructing unthresholded statistical maps from peak coordinates using deep neural networks
Creators: name: Gorgolewski, Krzysztof J.
name: Yarkoni, Tal
name: Poldrack, Russell A.
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: Image based meta analysis (IBMA) has been long shown to outperform peak coordinate based meta analysis (CBMA). However, despite efforts to promote sharing of unthresholded maps many papers are still published only with coordinate data available. CBMA methods attempt to reconstruct spatial patterns of underlying maps via convolution with 3D gaussians or spheres; however this approach does not take into account delineation of brain region borders or coactivation patterns. In this work we present a novel data driven approach for reconstructing unthresholded statistical maps from peak coordinates.

Code available at https://github.com/chrisfilo/peaks2maps
Biofield Energy Healing Treatment Based Herbomineral Formulation on Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Expression in Murine Dendritic and Splenocyte cells
Creators: name: Vincent, Dianne Heather
Publisher: name: SMN - The ScienceMedia Network
Year: 2019
Subjects: Natural Sciences

description: The utilization and demand of self-medication with herbomineral-based formulations have increased day-by-day across the globe over the last decade. A new proprietary herbomineral formulation was prepared with the mixture of minerals (zinc, magnesium, and selenium) and the herbal root extract of ashwagandha. The current study was undertaken to evaluate the Biofield Energy Healing (The Trivedi Effect®) on the test herbomineral formulation using murine dendritic cells (DCs) and splenocytes in vitro. The formulation was divided into two parts, one part was control without any Biofield Energy Treatment, while the other part was defined as the Biofield Energy Treated sample, which received the Biofield Energy Healing Treatment remotely from eighteen renowned Biofield Energy Healers. The effect of the Biofield Energy Treated formulation in murine cells was monitored with an estimation of pro-inflammatory cytokines levels such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), macrophage inflammatory protein-1α (MIP-1α) and interleukin (IL-1β) in cell culture supernatants along with estimations of non-cytotoxic concentrations of the test formulation by MTT assay. The Biofield Treated formulation showed 114.2%, 122.6%, 141.2%, 127.8%, and 114.1% cell viability at concentrations 1.05, 5.2, 10.5, 25.6, and 51.2 µg/mL, respectively in DCs. Similarly, the Biofield Energy Treated and untreated formulations showed more than 100% cell viability in mice splenocytes at 5 µg/mL. The level of TNF-α in DCs was significantly (p≤0.05) inhibited by 19.21% in the Biofield Treated formulation at concentration 5.2 µg/mL as compared to the untreated test formulation. The level of MIP-1α in LPS induced mice splenocyte cells was reduced by 15.35% in the Biofield Energy Treated formulation at 0.0105 µg/mL as compared to the untreated formulation. Similarly, the level of IL-1β in LPS induced mice splenocyte cells was significantly (p≤0.05) reduced by 31.59% in the Biofield Treated formulation at 1.05 µg/mL as compared to the untreated formulation. Altogether, the results suggest that The Trivedi Effect® (Biofield Energy Healing Treatment) showed significant down-regulation of the tested pro-inflammatory cytokines expression and potentiated the immunosuppressive effect of the treated formulation to modulate the immune system. These data also suggest that the Biofield Treated test formulation can be used for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, stress management and anti-aging by improving overall health.
Formation of Hard Power-laws in the Energetic Particle Spectra Resulting from Relativistic Magnetic Reconnection
Creators: name: Guo, Fan
name: Li, Hui
name: Daughton, William
name: Liu, Yi-Hsin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using fully kinetic simulations, we demonstrate that magnetic reconnection in relativistic plasmas is highly efficient at accelerating particles through a first-order Fermi process resulting from the curvature drift of particles in the direction of the electric field induced by the relativistic flows. This mechanism gives rise to the formation of hard power-law spectra in parameter regimes where the energy density in the reconnecting field exceeds the rest mass energy density $σ\equiv B^2/(4 πn m_ec^2) > 1$ and when the system size is sufficiently large. In the limit $σ\gg 1$, the spectral index approaches $p=1$ and most of the available energy is converted into non-thermal particles. A simple analytic model is proposed which explains these key features and predicts a general condition under which hard power-law spectra will be generated from magnetic reconnection.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. Final version published in the Physical Review Letters
Providing Extrinsic Reward for Test Performance Undermines Long-Term Memory Acquisition
Creators: name: Kuhbandner, Christof
name: Aslan, Alp
name: Emmerdinger, Kathrin
name: Murayama, Kou
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: INTRINSIC MOTIVATION; RETRIEVAL PRACTICE; SELF-DETERMINATION; RETENTION; PRESSURE; AUTONOMY; RECONSOLIDATION; CONSOLIDATION; INCENTIVES; FAILURE; testing effect; motivation; high-stakes testing; long-term memory; monetary reward
subject: 150 Psychologie

description: Based on numerous studies showing that testing studied material can improve long-term retention more than restudying the same material, it is often suggested that the number of tests in education should be increased to enhance knowledge acquisition. However, testing in real-life educational settings often entails a high degree of extrinsic motivation of learners due to the common practice of placing important consequences on the outcome of a test. Such an effect on the motivation of learners may undermine the beneficial effects of testing on long-term memory because it has been shown that extrinsic motivation can reduce the quality of learning. To examine this issue, participants learned foreign language vocabulary words, followed by an immediate test in which one-third of the words were tested and one-third restudied. To manipulate extrinsic motivation during immediate testing, participants received either monetary reward contingent on test performance or no reward. After 1 week, memory for all words was tested. In the immediate test, reward reduced correct recall and increased commission errors, indicating that reward reduced the number of items that can benefit from successful retrieval. The results in the delayed test revealed that reward additionally reduced the gain received from successful retrieval because memory for initially successfully retrieved words was lower in the reward condition. However, testing was still more effective than restudying under reward conditions because reward undermined long-term memory for concurrently restudied material as well. These findings indicate that providing performance contingent reward in a test can undermine long-term knowledge acquisition.