cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Cortical and thalamic connectivity of the auditory anterior ectosylvian cortex of early-deaf cats: Implications for neural mechanisms of crossmodal plasticity
Creators: name: Corley, Sarah B.
name: Clemo, H. Ruth
name: Chabot, Nicole
name: Lomber, Stephen G.
name: Meredith, M. Alex
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Early hearing loss leads to crossmodal plasticity in regions of the cerebrum that are dominated by acoustical processing in hearing subjects. Until recently, little has been known of the connectional basis of this phenomenon. One region whose crossmodal properties are well-established is the auditory field of the anterior ectosylvian sulcus (FAES) in the cat, where neurons are normally responsive to acoustic stimulation and its deactivation leads to the behavioral loss of accurate orienting toward auditory stimuli. However, in early-deaf cats, visual responsiveness predominates in the FAES and its deactivation blocks accurate orienting behavior toward visual stimuli. For such crossmodal reorganization to occur, it has been presumed that novel inputs or increased projections from non-auditory cortical areas must be generated, or that existing non-auditory connections were ‘unmasked.’ These possibilities were tested using tracer injections into the FAES of adult cats deafened early in life (and hearing controls), followed by light microscopy to localize retrogradely labeled neurons. Surprisingly, the distribution of cortical and thalamic afferents to the FAES was very similar among early-deaf and hearing animals. No new visual projection sources were identified and visual cortical connections to the FAES were comparable in projection proportions. These results support an alternate theory for the connectional basis for cross-modal plasticity that involves enhanced local branching of existing projection terminals that originate in non-auditory as well as auditory cortices.
Ein Briefwechsel zwischen dem Präsidenten der Vereinigten Staaten und dem Papst über die Grundlagen der Friedensarbeit
Creators: name: Truman, Harry S.
name: Pius XII.
Publisher: name: Herder Korrespondenz
Year: 1970

description: Herder Korrespondenz, Bd. 2 Nr. 2 (1947): Herder Korrespondenz, Band 2, Heft 2
The Recovery of Weight-Bearing Symmetry After Total Hip Arthroplasty Is Activity-Dependent
Creators: name: Alves, Sónia A.
name: Preuße, Marco
name: Hommel, Hagen
name: Duda, Georg N.
name: Agres, Alison N.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: activities of daily living
subject: ipsilateral loading
subject: weight-bearing symmetry
subject: instrumented insoles
subject: total hip arthroplasty
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: This study aimed to characterize ipsilateral loading and return to weight-bearing symmetry (WBS) in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA) during activities of daily living (ADLs) using instrumented insoles. A prospective study in 25 THA patients was performed, which included controlled pre- and postoperative follow-ups in a single rehabilitation center of an orthopedic department. Ipsilateral loading and WBS of ADLs were measured with insoles in THA patients and in a healthy control group of 25 participants. Measurements in the THA group were performed at 4 different visits: a week pre-THA, within a week post-THA, 3-6 weeks post-THA, and 6-12 weeks post-THA, whereas the healthy control group was measured once. ADLs included standing comfortably, standing evenly, walking, and sit-to-stand-to-sit (StS) transitions. All ADLs were analyzed using discrete methods, and walking included a time-scale analysis to provide temporal insights in the ipsilateral loading and WBS waveforms. THA patients only improved beyond their pre-surgery levels while standing comfortably (ipsilateral loading and WBS, p < 0.05) and during StS transitions (WBS, p < 0.05). Nevertheless, patients improved upon their ipsilateral loading and WBS deficits observed within a week post-surgery across all investigated ADLs. Ipsilateral loading and WBS of THA patients were comparable to healthy participants at 6-12 weeks post-THA, except for ipsilateral loading during walking (p < 0.05) at the initial and terminal double-leg support period of the stance phase. Taken together, insole measurements allow for the quantification of ipsilateral loading and WBS deficits during ADLs, identifying differences between pre- and postoperative periods, and differentiating THA patients from healthy participants. However, post-THA measurements that lack pre-surgery assessments may not be sensitive to identifying patient-specific improvements in ipsilateral loading and WBS. Moreover, StS transitions and earlier follow-up time points should be considered an important clinical metric of biomechanical recovery after THA.
Speech-evoked ABR: Effects of age and simulated neural temporal jitter
Creators: name: Mamo, Sara K.
name: Buss, Emily
name: Grose, John H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The speech-evoked auditory brainstem response (sABR) provides a measure of encoding complex stimuli in the brainstem, and this study employed the sABR to better understand the role of neural temporal jitter in the response patterns from older adults. In experiment 1, sABR recordings were used to investigate age-related differences in periodicity encoding of the temporal envelope and fine structure components of the response to a /da/speech token. A group of younger and a group of older adults (n = 22 per group) participated. The results demonstrated reduced amplitude of the fundamental frequency and harmonic components in the spectral domain of the recorded response of the older listeners. In experiment 2, a model of neural temporal jitter was employed to simulate in a group of young adults (n = 22) the response patterns measured from older adults. A small group of older adults (n = 7) were also tested under the jitter simulation conditions. In the young adults, the results showed a systematic reduction in the response amplitude of the most robust response components as the degree of applied jitter increased. In contrast, the older adults did not demonstrate significant response reduction when tested under jitter conditions. The overall pattern of results suggests that older adults have reduced neural synchrony for encoding periodic, complex signals at the level of the brainstem, and that this reduced synchrony can be modeled by simulating neural jitter via disruption of the temporal waveform of the stimulus.
Cross-national Analysis of Education and Trust: Context, Comparability, and Causal Mechanisms
Creators: name: Niedlich, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: welfare regimes
subject: education regimes
subject: education
subject: trust
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::370 Bildung und Erziehung::370 Bildung und Erziehung

description: Based on existing studies on welfare and education regimes, the paper aims at strengthening the conceptual foundations of comparative research in education and trust by identifying relevant system-level characteristics, deriving analytical dimensions as a framework for cross-national comparison, and exploring how these dimensions might be linked to trust. The paper thus provides a better basis for dealing with context as well as its role in causal explanations and case selection in cross-national comparative research on trust in education.
Synthetic phosphoethanolamine-modified oligosaccharides reveal the importance of glycan length and substitution in biofilm-inspired assemblies
Creators: name: Tyrikos-Ergas, Theodore
name: Gim, Soeun
name: Huang, Jhih-Yi
name: Martin, Sandra Pinzon
name: Silva, Daniel Varon
name: Seeberger, Peter H.
name: Delbianco, Martina
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Bioinspired materials
subject: Carbohydrate chemistry
subject: Polysaccharides
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Bacterial biofilm matrices are nanocomposites of proteins and polysaccharides with remarkable mechanical properties. Efforts understanding and tuning the protein component have been extensive, whereas the polysaccharide part remained mostly overlooked. The discovery of phosphoethanolamine (pEtN) modified cellulose in E. coli biofilms revealed that polysaccharide functionalization alters the biofilm properties. To date, the pattern of pEtN cellulose and its mode of interactions with proteins remains elusive. Herein, we report a model system based on synthetic epitomes to explore the role of pEtN in biofilm-inspired assemblies. Nine pEtN-modified oligosaccharides were synthesized with full control over the length, degree and pattern of pEtN substitution. The oligomers were co-assembled with a representative peptide, triggering the formation of fibers in a length dependent manner. We discovered that the pEtN pattern modulates the adhesion of biofilm-inspired matrices, while the peptide component controls its stiffness. Unnatural oligosaccharides tune or disrupt the assembly morphology, revealing interesting targets for polysaccharide engineering to develop tunable bio-inspired materials.
Risky Asset Holdings During Covid-19 and their Distributional Impact: Evidence from Germany
Creators: name: Menkhoff, Lukas
name: Schröder, Carsten
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: risky assets
subject: distributional effects
subject: individual investment behavior
subject: health and income shocks
subject: expected adverse shocks
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::330 Wirtschaft::330 Wirtschaft

description: We present evidence from a repeated survey on risky asset holdings carried out on a representative sample of the German population six times between April and June 2020. Given the size of the Covid-19 shock, we find little evidence of portfolio rebalancing in April 2020. In May, however, individual investors started buying heavily, parallel to market recovery. The cross-section shows large differences as young, educated, high income, and risk tolerant investors are net buyers throughout and, thus, benefit from the stock market recovery. Older individuals, parents of young children, and individuals affected by adverse liquidity shocks from Covid-19 are net sellers. Given the high risk of illness, older people are hit by dual blows to both health and finances.
Constraints on Individual Supermassive Black Hole Binaries from Pulsar Timing Array Limits on Continuous Gravitational Waves
Creators: name: Schutz, Katelin
name: Ma, Chung-Pei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) are placing increasingly stringent constraints on the strain amplitude of continuous gravitational waves emitted by supermassive black hole binaries on subparsec scales. In this paper, we incorporate independent information about the dynamical masses $M_{bh}$ of supermassive black holes in specific galaxies at known distances and use this additional information to further constrain whether or not those galaxies could host a detectable supermassive black hole binary. We estimate the strain amplitudes from individual binaries as a function of binary mass ratio for two samples of nearby galaxies: (1) those with direct dynamical measurements of $M_{bh}$ in the literature, and (2) the 116 most massive early-type galaxies (and thus likely hosts of the most massive black holes) within 108 Mpc from the MASSIVE Survey. Our exploratory analysis shows that the current PTA upper limits on continuous waves (as a function of angular position in the sky) can already constrain the mass ratios of hypothetical black hole binaries in many galaxies in our samples. The constraints are stronger for galaxies with larger $M_{bh}$ and at smaller distances. For the black holes with $M_{bh} \gtrsim 5\times 10^9 M_\odot$ at the centers of NGC 1600, NGC 4889, NGC 4486 (M87) and NGC 4649 (M60), any binary companion in orbit within the PTA frequency bands would have to have a mass ratio of a few percent or less.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Teriflunomide Preserves Neuronal Activity and Protects Mitochondria in Brain Slices Exposed to Oxidative Stress
Creators: name: Malla, Bimala
name: Liotta, Agustin
name: Bros, Helena
name: Ulshöfer, Rebecca
name: Paul, Friedemann
name: Hauser, Anja E.
name: Niesner, Raluca
name: Infante-Duarte, Carmen
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: mitochondria
subject: neurodegeneration
subject: teriflunomide (TFN)
subject: oxidative stress
subject: dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH)
subject: multiple sclerosis
subject: mitochondrial morphology
subject: mitochondrial motility
subject: acute hippocampal slices
subject: two-photon microscopy
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Teriflunomide (TFN) limits relapses in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) by reducing lymphocytic proliferation through the inhibition of the mitochondrial enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) and the subsequent modulation of de novo pyrimidine synthesis. Alterations of mitochondrial function as a consequence of oxidative stress have been reported during neuroinflammation. Previously, we showed that TFN prevents alterations of mitochondrial motility caused by oxidative stress in peripheral axons. Here, we aimed to validate TFN effects on mitochondria and neuronal activity in hippocampal brain slices, in which cellular distribution and synaptic circuits are largely preserved. TFN effects on metabolism and neuronal activity were investigated by assessing oxygen partial pressure and local field potential in acute slices. Additionally, we imaged mitochondria in brain slices from the transgenic Thy1-CFP/COX8A)S2Lich/J (mitoCFP) mice using two-photon microscopy. Although TFN could not prevent oxidative stress-related depletion of ATP, it preserved oxygen consumption and neuronal activity in CNS tissue during oxidative stress. Furthermore, TFN prevented mitochondrial shortening and fragmentation of puncta-shaped and network mitochondria during oxidative stress. Regarding motility, TFN accentuated the decrease in mitochondrial displacement and increase in speed observed during oxidative stress. Importantly, these effects were not associated with neuronal viability and did not lead to axonal damage. In conclusion, during conditions of oxidative stress, TFN preserves the functionality of neurons and prevents morphological and motility alterations of mitochondria.
Fine mapping of QT interval regions in global populations refines previously identified QT interval loci and identifies signals unique to African and Hispanic descent populations
Creators: name: Crawford, Dana C.
name: Hindorff, Lucia A.
name: Bielinski, Suzette J.
name: Tao, Ran
name: Highland, Heather M.
name: Zubair, Niha
name: Buyske, Steven
name: Seyerle, Amanda A.
name: Shohet, Ralph V.
name: Shah, Sanjiv J.
name: Kooperberg, Charles
name: Soliman, Elsayed Z.
name: Rich, Stephen S.
name: Whitsel, Eric A.
name: Sotoodehnia, Nona
name: Lloyd-Jones, Donald M.
name: Richard, Melissa A.
name: Jeff, Janina M.
name: North, Kari E.
name: Fornage, Myriam
name: Post, Wendy S.
name: Peters, Ulrike
name: Haiman, Christopher A.
name: Bien, Stephanie
name: Rotter, Jerome I.
name: Avery, Christy L.
name: Wassel, Christina L.
name: Lin, Dan Yu
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: BACKGROUND: The electrocardiographically measured QT interval (QT) is heritable and its prolongation is an established risk factor for several cardiovascular diseases. Yet, most QT genetic studies have been performed in European ancestral populations, possibly reducing their global relevance.

OBJECTIVE: To leverage diversity and improve biological insight, we fine mapped 16 of the 35 previously identified QT loci (46%) in populations of African American (n = 12,410) and Hispanic/Latino (n = 14,837) ancestry.

METHODS: Racial/ethnic-specific multiple linear regression analyses adjusted for heart rate and clinical covariates were examined separately and in combination after inverse-variance weighted trans-ethnic meta-analysis.

RESULTS: The 16 fine-mapped QT loci included on the Illumina Metabochip represented 21 independent signals, of which 16 (76%) were significantly (P-value≤9.1×10-5) associated with QT. Through sequential conditional analysis we also identified three trans-ethnic novel SNPs at ATP1B1, SCN5A-SCN10A, and KCNQ1 and three Hispanic/Latino-specific novel SNPs at NOS1AP and SCN5A-SCN10A (two novel SNPs) with evidence of associations with QT independent of previous identified GWAS lead SNPs. Linkage disequilibrium patterns helped to narrow the region likely to contain the functional variants at several loci, including NOS1AP, USP50-TRPM7, and PRKCA, although intervals surrounding SLC35F1-PLN and CNOT1 remained broad in size (>100 kb). Finally, bioinformatics-based functional characterization suggested a regulatory function in cardiac tissues for the majority of independent signals that generalized and the novel SNPs.

CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that a majority of identified SNPs implicate gene regulatory dysfunction in QT prolongation, that the same loci influence variation in QT across global populations, and that additional, novel, population-specific QT signals exist.
Appendix of the paper: "Process Mining Meets Model Learning: Discovering Deterministic Finite State Automata for Business Process Analysis"
Creators: name: Agostinelli, Simone
name: Chiariello, Francesco
name: Maggi, Fabrizio Maria
name: Marrella, Andrea
name: Patrizi, Fabio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This appendix presents the results of the experiments involving the computation of precision and generalization on the DFAs discovered from the synthetic logs (i.e., generated with MDL, RPNI, EDSM and L* algorithms).
Pathways to environmental activism in four countries: social media, environmental concern, and political efficacy
Creators: name: Boulianne, Shelley
name: Ohme, Jakob
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Environment
subject: youth
subject: social media
subject: political efficacy
subject: cross-national
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::300 Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie::301 Soziologie, Anthropologie

description: In 2018-9, millions of youth participated in climate-related marches across the globe. This activism reflects youth’s distinctive form of political participation: cause-oriented, expressive, and networked. However, the pathway between environmental concern and environmental activism is complicated in some contexts and for some citizens. This article uses survey data from four countries (Canada, France, the United Kingdom, the United States) gathered in autumn 2019. We focus on the environmental activism of youth and young adults (aged 18–33 years, n = 1574). We find the role of social media is consistent and strong for all environmental activities in all countries; the role of political efficacy depends on activity and country but has a positive role in environmental activism; and environmental concern is a positive and significant correlate of boycotting and signing petitions but a weak predictor of participating in environmental marches. The relationship between environmental concern and environmental marches is distinctive in the United Kingdom. Overall, we find that concern about a social cause does not automatically translate into increased activism related to that cause. Moreover, online social networks, political efficacy, and political context are critical to understanding this mobilization process.
Hydrogen-Bonded Complexes of Neutral Nitroxide Radicals with 2-Propanol Studied by Multifrequency EPR/ENDOR
Creators: name: Savitsky, Anton
name: Nalepa, Anna
name: Petrenko, Taras
name: Plato, Martin
name: Möbius, Klaus
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: hydrogen-bonded complexes
subject: neutral nitroxide radicals
subject: multifrequency EPR/ENDOR
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: The hydrogen bond plays a key role in weak directional intermolecular interactions. It is operative in determining molecular conformation and aggregation, and controls the function of many chemical systems, ranging from inorganic, organic to biological molecules. Although an enormous amount of spectroscopic information has been collected about hydrogen-bond formation between molecules with closed-shell electronic configuration, the details of such interactions between open-shell radicals and closed-shell molecules are still rare. Here we report on an investigation of hydrogen-bonded complexes between pyrroline-type as well as piperidine-type neutral nitroxide radicals and an alcohol, i.e., 2-propanol. These nitroxide radicals are commonly used as EPR spin labels and probes. To obtain information on the geometry of the complexes and their electronic structure, multi-resonance EPR techniques at various microwave frequencies (X-, Q-, W-band, 244 GHz) have been employed in conjunction with DFT calculations. The planar five-membered ring system of the pyrroline-type nitroxide radical was found to form exclusively well-defined in-plane σ-type hydrogen-bonded complexes with one 2-propanol molecule in the first solvation shell in frozen solution. The measured hyperfine parameters of the hydrogen-bridge proton and the internal magnetic parameters describing the electron Zeeman and the electron-nuclear hyperfine and nuclear quadrupole interactions are in good agreement with values predicted by state-of-the-art DFT calculations. In contrast, multi-resonance EPR on the non-planar six-membered ring system of the piperidine-type nitroxide radical (TEMPOL) reveals a more complex situation, i.e., a mixture of a σ-type with, presumably, an out-of-plane π-type complex, both present in comparable fraction in frozen solution. For TEMPOL, the DFT calculations failed to predict magnetic interaction parameters that are in good agreement with experiment, apparently due to the considerable flexibility of the nitroxide and hydrogen-bonded complex. The detailed information about nitroxide/solvent complexes is of particular importance for Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP) and site-directed spin-labeling EPR studies that employ nitroxides as polarizing agents or spin labels, respectively.
A Stochastic Sizing Approach for Sharing-based Energy Storage Applications
Creators: name: Bayram, Islam Safak
name: Abdallah, Mohamed
name: Tajer, Ali
name: Qaraqe, Khalid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In order to foster renewable energy integration, improve power quality and reliability, and reduce hydrocarbon emissions, there is a strong need to deploy energy storage systems (ESSs), which can provide a control medium for peak hour utility operations. ESSs are especially desired at the residential level, as this sector has the most untapped demand response potential. However, considering their high acquisition, operation, and maintenance costs, individual ESS deployment is not economically viable. Hence, in this paper, we propose a \emph{sharing-based} ESS architecture, in which the demand of each customer is modeled stochastically and the aggregate demand is accommodated by a combination of power drawn from the grid and the storage unit when the demand exceeds grid capacity. Stochastic framework for analyzing the optimal size of energy storage systems is provided. An analytical method is developed for a group customers with \emph{single} type of appliances. Then, this framework is extended to any network size with arbitrary number of customers and appliance types. The analytical method provides a tractable solution to the ESS sizing problem. Finally, a detailed cost-benefit analysis is provided, and the results indicate that sharing-based ESSs are practical and significant savings in terms of ESS size can be achieved.
description: Accepted by IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid
Técnicas de clasificación no supervisadas para determinación odontométrica del sexo (Unsupervised classification techniques for odontometric sex determination)
Creators: name: Álvarez-Vaz, Ramón
name: Gargano, Verónica
name: Picapedra, Alicia
name: Sassi, Carlos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: clustering
odontometry
supervised classification

description: Teeth constitute a magnificent raw material for anthropological, genetic, dental and forensic investigations, by virtue of their easy accessibility, examination, registration and resistance to the most excessive intra vitam and/or postmortem circumstances. The information inherent to its size and particularities has been extremely useful to determine the sex and identify human remains. This study attempts to verify whether two dental and interdental measurements are valid instruments for sex determination, in a study in Uruguay. This is an odontometric analysis of 1,005 plaster models (481 upper and 524 lower), of 507 male and 498 female patients, aged between 18 and 60 years, assisted in an orthodontic clinic in the city of Montevideo, Uruguay, consisting of measurements of mesiodistal diameter and height gingivoincisal of the canines and intercanine distance. The data is analyzed using two unsupervised classification methods using hierarchical methods (Ward's algorithm), and non-hierarchical (K Means), being able to establish four or five clusters, well differentiated, according to the variables considered. It is concluded that the typification of the canines and intercanine distance, allowed proposing the existence of an odontometric differentiation by sex. Los dientes constituyen una magnı́fica materia prima para investigaciones de ı́ndole antropológica, genética, odontológica y forense, en virtud de su sencilla accesibilidad, examen, registro y resistencia a las más excesivas circunstancias intra vitam y/o post mortem. La información inherente a su tamaño y particularidades ha resultado de sumo provecho, para determinar el sexo e identificar restos humanos. Este estudio procura verificar si dos medidas dentales y una interdental, son instrumentos válidos para la determinación del sexo, en un estudio en Uruguay. Se trata de un análisis odontométrico de 1005 modelos de yeso (481 superiores y 524 inferiores), de 507 pacientes masculinos y 498 femeninos, con edades comprendidas entre 18 y 60 años, asistidos en una clı́nica ortodóncica de la ciudad de Montevideo, Uruguay, consistente en las mediciones del diámetro mesiodistal y altura gingivoincisal de los caninos y distancia intercanina. Los datos son analizados empleando dos métodos de clasificación no supervisada usando métodos jerárquicos (algoritmo de Ward), y no jerárquico (K Means), pudiéndose establecer cuatro o cinco clusters, bien diferenciados, según las variables consideradas. Se concluye que la tipificación de los caninos y distancia intercanina, permitió proponer la existencia de una diferenciación odontométrica por sexo.
Sleep quality is associated with emotion experience and adaptive regulation of positive emotion: An experience sampling study
Creators: name: Parsons, Christine E.
name: Schofield, Beatrice
name: Batziou, Sofia E.
name: Ward, Camilla
name: Young, Katherine S.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: ecological momentary assessment
subject: emotion regulation
subject: negative emotion
subject: positive emotion
subject: sleep
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: Poor sleep patterns have been strongly linked to disrupted emotional experiences. Emotion regulation, defined as the capacity to manage one's own emotional responses, comprises strategies to increase, maintain, or decrease the intensity, duration, and trajectory of positive and negative emotions. Poor sleep has been identified as a risk factor for emotional dysregulation, but most of the focus has been on negative emotion regulation. We therefore asked whether natural variations in sleep are associated with the experience and regulation of both positive and negative emotion. Young adults, aged between 18–24 years (N = 101), completed 7 days of ecological momentary assessments using a smartphone application. Duration and quality of the previous night's sleep was reported each morning. Levels of positive and negative emotions, and strategies used to regulate emotions, were measured at pseudorandom timepoints four times a day. Multilevel modelling indicated that higher self-reported sleep quality was significantly associated with increased intensity and duration of positive emotion, and decreased intensity of negative emotion. There were no statistically significant associations between sleep duration and emotion intensity or duration. Sleep quality, and not sleep duration, was also associated with the reported use of positive emotion regulation strategies. For negative emotion regulation strategy use, we found no associations with sleep quality or duration. Naturally occurring fluctuations in daily sleep quality may be important for the experience and regulation of positive emotion in young adults. These findings emphasise the need to examine both positive and negative emotion, and emotion regulation to understand the links between sleep and mood.
Alcoholic hepatitis: Translational approaches to develop targeted therapies
Creators: name: Gao, Bin
name: Mandrekar, Pranoti
name: Bataller, Ramon
name: Tsukamoto, Hidekazu
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a leading cause of liver related mortality worldwide. In contrast to recent advances in therapeutic strategies for patients with viral hepatitis, there is a significant lack of novel therapeutic options for patients with ALD. In particular, there is an urgent need to focus our efforts on effective therapeutic interventions for alcoholic hepatitis (AH), the most severe form of ALD. AH is characterized by an abrupt development of jaundice and complications related to liver insufficiency and portal hypertension in patients with heavy alcohol intake. The mortality of patients with AH is very high (20–50% at 3 months). Available therapies are not effective in many patients and targeted approaches are imminently needed. The development of such therapies requires translational studies in human samples and suitable animal models that reproduce clinical and histological features of AH. In recent years, new animal models that simulate some of the features of human AH have been developed, and translational studies using human samples have identified potential pathogenic factors and histological parameters that predict survival. This review article summarizes the unmet needs for translational studies on the pathogenesis of AH, pre-clinical translational tools, and emerging drug targets to benefit the AH patient.
Discriminating between SUSY and Non-SUSY Higgs Sectors through the Ratio $H \to b \bar b / H \to τ^+ τ^-$ with a 125 GeV Higgs boson
Creators: name: Arganda, E.
name: Guasch, J.
name: Hollik, W.
name: Penaranda, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is still an open question whether the new scalar particle discovered at the LHC with a mass of 125 GeV is the SM Higgs boson or it belongs to models of new physics with an extended Higgs sector, as the MSSM or 2HDM. The ratio of branching fractions $R$ = BR($H \to b \bar b$)/BR($H \to τ^+ τ^-$) of Higgs boson decays is a powerful tool in order to distinguish the MSSM Higgs sector from the SM or non-supersymmetric 2HDM. This ratio receives large renormalization-scheme independent radiative corrections in supersymmetric models at large $\tanβ$, which are insensitive to the SUSY mass scale and absent in the SM or 2HDM. Making use of the current LHC data and the upcoming new results on Higgs couplings to be reported by ATLAS and CMS collaborations and in a future linear collider, we develop a detailed and updated study of this ratio $R$ which improves previous analyses and sets the level of accuracy needed to discriminate between models.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Inspecting the Reliability of Geochemical Facies Identified for the Waterworks' Capture Zone in Germany
Creators: name: Semiromi, Majid Taie
name: Böttcher, Steven
name: Merz, Christoph
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: groundwater geochemistry
subject: waterworks' capture zone
subject: prevailing lake-groundwater exchange
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: Little research attention has been given to validating clusters obtained from the groundwater geochemistry of the waterworks' capture zone with a prevailing lake-groundwater exchange. To address this knowledge gap, we proposed a new scheme whereby Gaussian finite mixture modeling (GFMM) and Spike-and-Slab Bayesian (SSB) algorithms were utilized to cluster the groundwater geochemistry while quantifying the probability of the resulting cluster membership against each other. We applied GFMM and SSB to 13 geochemical parameters collected during different sampling periods at 13 observation points across the Barnim Highlands plateau located in the northeast of Berlin, Germany; this included 10 observation wells, two lakes, and a gallery of drinking production wells. The cluster analysis of GFMM yielded nine clusters, either with a probability ≥0.8, while the SSB produced three hierarchical clusters with a probability of cluster membership varying from <0.2 to >0.8. The findings demonstrated that the clustering results of GFMM were in good agreement with the classification as per the principal component analysis and Piper diagram. By superimposing the parameter clustering onto the observation clustering, we could identify discrepancies that exist among the parameters of a certain cluster. This enables the identification of different factors that may control the geochemistry of a certain cluster, although parameters of that cluster share a strong similarity. The GFMM results have shown that from 2002, there has been active groundwater inflow from the lakes towards the capture zone. This means that it is necessary to adopt appropriate measures to reverse the inflow towards the lakes.
Gut microbiota drive the development of neuroinflammatory response in cirrhosis in mice: HEPATOLOGY, VOL. XX, NO. X KANG ET AL.
Creators: name: Heuman, Douglas M.
name: Yang, Jing
name: Lippman, H. Robert
name: Gillevet, Patrick M.
name: Bajaj, Jasmohan S.
name: Herzog, Jeremy
name: Carl, Daniel
name: Kang, Dae Joong
name: Sanyal, Arun J.
name: Hylemon, Phillip B.
name: Betrapally, Naga S.
name: Wang, Xiang
name: Ghosh, Siddhartha A.
name: Liu, Runping
name: Brown, Robert R.
name: Zhou, Huiping
name: Sikaroodi, Masoumeh
name: Sartor, R. Balfour
name: Jiao, Chunhua
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The mechanisms behind the development of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) are unclear although hyperammonemia and systemic inflammation through gut dysbiosis have been proposed.
Exceptional sequences of 8 line bundles on (P1)3
Creators: name: Altmann, Klaus
name: Altmann, Martin
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Exceptional sequences
subject: Line bundles
subject: Derived category
subject: Line configurations
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::510 Mathematik::510 Mathematik

description: We investigate maximal exceptional sequences of line bundles on (P1)r, i.e., those consisting of 2r elements. For r=3 we show that they are always full, meaning that they generate the derived category. Everything is done in the discrete setup: Exceptional sequences of line bundles appear as special finite subsets s of the Picard group Zr of (P1)r, and the question of generation is understood like a process of contamination of the whole Zr out of an infectious seed s.
First morpho-functional characterization of Anemonia viridis amoebocytes: a light microscopy study
Creators: name: Fabrello, J
name: Ciscato, M
name: Asnicar, D
name: Marin, MG
name: Matozzo, V
Publisher: name: Invertebrate Survival Journal
Year: 2023

description: For the first time, we studied the morpho-functional characteristics of amoebocytes of the sea anemone Anemonia viridis. A histochemical approach was adopted and two subpopulations of amoebocytes from mesoglea were observed: granulocytes and hyalinocytes. Granulocytes showed a high number of cytoplasmatic granules, while hyalinocytes had no or few granules. Amoebocytes showed both round and spreading shapes and were divided in basophil, neutrophil or acidophil cells. Amoebocytes actively phagocytized yeast cells and produced superoxide anion. The presence of hydrolytic enzymes in amoebocytes was also investigated. Positive cells to acid phosphatase, acid esterase and non-specific esterase were found, with granulocytes and hyalinocytes that did not show different responses in term of positivity. Although preliminary, the results of this study can help to understand the features and immune role of A. viridis amoebocytes and the development of defense strategies in multicellular organisms. Moreover, this study lay the foundations for future more in-depth studies, including those at the ultrastructural level.
description: Invertebrate Survival Journal, Vol 20 No 1 (2023)
Wormholes admitting conformal Killing vectors and supported by generalized Chaplygin gas
Creators: name: Kuhfittig, Peter K. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When Morris and Thorne first proposed that traversable wormholes may be actual physical objects, they concentrated on the geometry by specifying the shape and redshift functions. This mathematical approach necessarily raises questins regarding the determination of the required stress-energy tensor. This paper discusses a natural way to obtain a complete wormhole solution by assuming that the wormhole (1) is supported by generalized Chaplygin gas and (2) admits conformal Killing vectors.
description: 8 pages, one figure
Ziyārat al-qubūr wa-l-istinǧād bi-l-maqbūr
Creators: name: Ibn-Taimīya, Aḥmad Ibn-ʿAbd-al-Ḥalīm
name: Darwīš Muḥammad Ibn Ḥasan Qalfa
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1741

description: al-Imām al-Ḥarrānī al-Ḥanbalī
description: Murad Kamil Überweisung 2015,12H Öffentliche Bibliothek der Universität Basel
description: Arabisch
description: 1162 h. [= Dezember 1748/Januar 1749] wurde die Handschrift als Waqf gestiftet, "für die Studenten der Säulenhalle der Anatolier (riwāq al-arwām) in der Azhar-Moschee" (Bl. 1r). Sie gehörte zur Bibliothek des Semitisten und Koptologen Murad Kamil (1907-1975) und wurde 2015 durch Vermittlung von Frau Stephanie Raeber und des Seminars für Nahoststudien (Basel) dem Bestand der Basler Universitätsbibliothek eingegliedert. Zu Murad Kamil vgl. Kemal Sabri Kolta, in: Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft 127 (1977), pp. 6-7.
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire März 2016 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln Minimalaufnahme nach Vorlage Würsch
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire August 2018 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln Normalaufnahme nach Vorlage Würsch
description: Erschliessungsniveau Normalniveau
description: Digitalisierung=Digitization=Numérisation Juni 2023 TIFF
Sommer 1882
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1882

description: Öffentliche Bibliothek der Universität Basel
description: Deutsch
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire August 2023 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln Minimalaufnahme nach Autopsie
description: Digitalisierung=Digitization=Numérisation August 2023 TIFF
description: Erschliessungsniveau Minimalniveau
The distribution of hepatitis B virus exposure and infection in a population-based sample of U.S. Hispanic adults: HEPATOLOGY, Vol. XX, No. X, 2015
Creators: name: del Amo, Julia
name: Jung, Molly
name: Thyagarajan, Bharat
name: Strickler, Howard D.
name: Kuniholm, Mark H.
name: Cotler, Scott
name: Kaplan, Robert C.
name: Youngblood, Marston
name: Ho, Gloria Y.F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Little is known regarding the prevalence and distribution of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in United States (US) Hispanics/Latinos. We sought to determine the prevalence of HBV exposure (anti-HBc), active HBV infection (HBsAg), and vaccine-induced HBV immunity (anti-HBs) in US Hispanics/Latinos and consider how these data inform clinical screening recommendations. Our analysis included 11,999 women and men of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL), a population-based, cross-sectional household survey in four urban communities (Bronx, NY; Miami, FL; Chicago, IL; and San Diego, CA) of US civilian, non-institutionalized self-identifying Hispanic/Latino adults age 18–74. Vaccine-induced immunity was defined as detection of anti-HBs but not anti-HBc. However, if anti-HBc were present it was considered evidence of exposure to HBV, with detection of HBsAg used to distinguish those with active HBV infection. The mean age was 45.7 years and 7,153 were women. Vaccine-induced immunity was greatest among those aged 18–29 years (60.2% in women, 54% in men) and decreased with increasing age, regardless of country of birth. The prevalence of active HBV infection was 0.29% (95% CI: 0.19–0.43%), but varied by country of birth. Those born in the Dominican Republic had the highest prevalence of HBV exposure (20.3% in women, 29.7% in men) and active HBV infection (0.95%).
Sommer 1884
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1884

description: Öffentliche Bibliothek der Universität Basel
description: Deutsch
description: Digitalisierung=Digitization=Numérisation August 2023 TIFF
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire August 2023 Minimalaufnahme nach Autopsie
description: Erschliessungsniveau Minimalniveau
Leveraging Passenger Mutations to Guide Cancer Treatment and Prevention
Creators: name: Gurjao, Carino
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Cancer is characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of cells, driven by a handful of genetic alterations. Alongside these ‘driver’ mutations, tens of thousands of other variants, called ‘passenger’ mutations, accumulate during cancer progression. Genomic oncology research has mostly focused on driver mutations as these have the most impact on tumour evolution and offer attractive opportunities for gene-targeted therapies. On the other hand, passenger mutations play individually minor roles in tumour growth and have been widely understudied. However, two features of passenger mutations make them particularly relevant for cancer research. First, passenger mutations can be presented in large numbers at the cell surface, thus making tumor cells more `visible' to the immune system. This feature has made the total number of mutations an attractive biomarker of response to immune-based therapies. Second, passengers are the products of the different mutagenic processes a tumor underwent. As each mutagenic process leaves a characteristic pattern of mutations, the analysis of passengers can therefore help better understand the underlying mechanisms of carcinogenesis. This thesis investigates how the overall mutational landscape - overwhelmingly represented by passenger mutations - can be leveraged to guide cancer treatment and prevention. In particular, I examine two features of mutations: their mutational load (meaning their total number) and their mutational signature (in other words their genetic localization patterns). The first chapter examines the use of high mutational load as a biomarker of response to immunotherapy. Despite the recent Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of this biomarker, there is little evidence showing that higher mutational load predicts patient response to immunotherapy. As a result, using a mutational load threshold for clinical decisions regarding immunotherapy could skew access to treatment for patients who may benefit from it. In the same vein, the second chapter examines the case of a patient whose colorectal cancer (CRC) did not respond to immunotherapy despite harboring a very high mutational load. This intrinsic resistance was examined through genomic, transcriptional, and pathologic characterizations of the patient's tumour and neighboring immune cells. The analysis suggests a two-pronged immune evasion that combines loss of antigen presentation with an immunosuppressive microenvironment, which could explain the lack of response to immunotherapy. Last, the third chapter focuses on the mutational signatures of CRC tumours, rather than their overall mutational load. The project involved the de novo analysis of sequencing data from 900 CRC cases with extensive dietary information. This allowed the discovery of an alkylating mutational signature associated with high intakes of red meat before diagnosis. These results link for the first time a CRC mutational signature to a component of the diet, which has major implications in cancer prevention.
Hiding the little hierarchy problem in the NMSSM
Creators: name: Louis, Jan
name: Zarate, Lucila
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we consider a set of soft supersymmetry breaking terms within the NMSSM which leads to a small hierarchy between the supersymmetry breaking scale and the electroweak scale. Specifically only the gaugino masses and the soft term in the Higgs sector are non-vanishing at the GUT scale. This pattern can be found in gaugino mediated models and in higher-dimensional orbifold GUTs. We study the phenomenology of this scenario and find different low energy spectra depending on the Yukawa coupling $λ$ of the NMSSM singlet. In particular, for low values of $λ$ the singlet is the lightest scalar and the singlino is the LSP while for large values of $λ$ both are heavy and the gravitino can be the LSP. The singlet pseudoscalar is very light in the entire parameter space.
description: Latex, 21+1 pages, 5 figures; v2: References and comments added