cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
ADVERTISING TRADED GOODS
Creators: name: Kinnucan, Henry W.
name: Kinnucan, Henry W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Nerlove and Waugh's theory of cooperative (generic) advertising is extended to include tax shifting, cost sharing, and trade. Comparative-static analysis indicates that trade reduces the incentive to promote in the domestic market, and this is true whether the industry inquestion is a net exporter or a net importer. The theory is applied to California egg advertising to demonstrate utility and to highlight the importance of including trade relationships in advertising benefit-cost studies.
Nonlinear harmonic generation in two-dimensional lattices of repulsive magnets
Creators: name: Jiao, Weijian
name: Gonella, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this Letter, we provide experimental evidence of nonlinear wave propagation in a triangular lattice of repulsive magnets supported by an elastic foundation of thin pillars and we interpret all the individual features of the nonlinear wavefield through the lens of a phonon band calculation that precisely accounts for the inter-particle repulsive forces. We confirm the co-existence of two spectrally distinct components (homogeneous and forced) in the wave response that is induced via second harmonic generation (SHG), a well-known effect of quadratic nonlinearity (here embedded in the magnetic interaction). We show that the modal and spatial characteristics of the second harmonic components are complementary to those exhibited by the fundamental harmonic. This endows the lattice with a functionality enrichment capability, whereby additional modes and directivity patterns can be triggered and tuned by merely increasing the amplitude of excitation.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Limits of isotropic plastic deformation of Bangkok clay
Creators: name: Evesque, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A model assuming incremental plastic isotropic response has been recently proposed to model the deformation of isotropic packing of grains, in the small-strain range. It is used here on over-consolidated remould clay, to interpret the small-strain range behaviour obtained in [1,2] on Bangkok clay. The data published in [1,2] at constant volume are also used here to measure the size of the domain of validity in the (q/(M'p), p/po) plane, where po is the over-consolidation isotropic pressure, p is the mean stress and q the deviatoric stress, q . So, it is shown that the model works also for clay. This enlarges the application domain of model [3,4] to soft clay with OCR larger than 1.2 to 1.5. Pacs # : 45.70.-n ; 62.20.Fe ; 83.80.Fg, 83.80.Hj
description: 4 pages + 1 page, 1 figure
THE IMPACTS OF EXPORT SUBSIDY REDUCTION COMMITMENTS IN THE AGREEMENT ON AGRICULTURE
Creators: name: Ruiz, Lilian M.
name: De Gorter, Harry
name: Ruiz, Lilian M.
name: De Gorter, Harry
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
International Relations/Trade

description: The effectiveness of limits and reductions in both export volumes subsidized and value of export subsidies in agriculture is evaluated. A perspective on consumer versus producer financed export subsidies is given. We analyze factors affecting the effectiveness of volume versus value commitments. Statistical analysis of EU export subsidies analyzes the mean and variance of bindings.
My Model is Unfair, Do People Even Care? Visual Design Affects Trust and Perceived Bias in Machine Learning
Creators: name: Gaba, Aimen
name: Kaufman, Zhanna
name: Chueng, Jason
name: Shvakel, Marie
name: Hall, Kyle Wm.
name: Brun, Yuriy
name: Bearfield, Cindy Xiong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.5.0

description: Machine learning technology has become ubiquitous, but, unfortunately, often exhibits bias. As a consequence, disparate stakeholders need to interact with and make informed decisions about using machine learning models in everyday systems. Visualization technology can support stakeholders in understanding and evaluating trade-offs between, for example, accuracy and fairness of models. This paper aims to empirically answer "Can visualization design choices affect a stakeholder's perception of model bias, trust in a model, and willingness to adopt a model?" Through a series of controlled, crowd-sourced experiments with more than 1,500 participants, we identify a set of strategies people follow in deciding which models to trust. Our results show that men and women prioritize fairness and performance differently and that visual design choices significantly affect that prioritization. For example, women trust fairer models more often than men do, participants value fairness more when it is explained using text than as a bar chart, and being explicitly told a model is biased has a bigger impact than showing past biased performance. We test the generalizability of our results by comparing the effect of multiple textual and visual design choices and offer potential explanations of the cognitive mechanisms behind the difference in fairness perception and trust. Our research guides design considerations to support future work developing visualization systems for machine learning.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, to appear in IEEE Transactions of Visualization and Computer Graphics (Also in proceedings of IEEE VIS 2023)
Weak ferromagnetic spin and charge stripe order in La[sub 5/3]Sr[sub 1/3]NiO[sub 4]
Creators: name: Klingeler, R.
name: Büchner, B.
name: Cheong, S-W.
name: Huecker, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present magnetization and specific heat data of a La5/3Sr1/3NiO4 single crystal in high magnetic fields. From the charge and spin stripe ordering temperatures, as well as a magnetic low temperature transition, we have constructed the electronic phase diagram for fields up to 14 Tesla. While the charge stripe ordering temperature TCO is independent of the magnetic field, there is a significant shift of the spin stripe ordering temperature TSO of about 1.5 K/ Tesla, if the magnetic fields are applied parallel to the NiO2-planes. The specific heat measurements indicate a large anomalous entropy change at TCO. In contrast, no significant entropy change is observed at the spin stripe transition. The high field magnetization experiments reveal the presence of in-plane weak ferromagnetic moments in the charge stripe ordered phase. From a phenomenological analysis, the magnetic correlation length of these moments is determined. We suggest that the weak ferromagnetism is due either to the presence of bond-centered charge stripes or to double exchange interactions across site-centered charge stripes.
description: In v2, spelling of author names has been changed
THE ECONOMICS OF NON-GMO SEGREGATION AND IDENTITY PRESERVATION
Creators: name: Bullock, David S.
name: Desquilbet, Marion
name: Nitsi, Elisavet I.
name: Bullock, David S.
name: Desquilbet, Marion
name: Nitsi, Elisavet I.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: We survey grain and soybean handlers and producers in the U.S. and EU to estimate costs of preserving the identities of GMO and non-GMO crops in marketing channels. We introduce our estimates into the IFPRI IMPACT model to simulate the effects of identity preservation on farm incomes and consumer well-being.
IMPACTS OF CONCENTRATION IN HOG PRODUCTION ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN RURAL ILLINOIS: AN ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Gomez, Miguel I.
name: Zhang, Liying
name: Gomez, Miguel I.
name: Zhang, Liying
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: hog production
subject: concentration
subject: economic impacts
subject: rural communities

description: This paper evaluates the impact of increasing concentration of the livestock sector on the economic welfare of rural Illinois. A pooled time-series, cross-sectional model is developed to study the dynamics of structural changes in hog production for the period 1981-1997. The model tests the efficient-market hypothesis on local rural economies. Keywords: hog production, concentration, economic impacts, rural communities
ANALYSIS OF A SPATIAL ROTATION PLAN FOR THE TULE LAKE NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE
Creators: name: Smith, Martin D.
name: Wilen, James E.
name: Smith, Martin D.
name: Wilen, James E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: This paper examines the joint agro-wildfowl regulation of the Tule Lake National Wildlife Refuge in California. The area is jointly managed by the Bureau of Reclamation for both farming and wildfowl benefits. Production in both sectors has been declining recently, in farming due to nematode and soil pathogen buildup and in wildfowl production due to climax vegetation choking the lake. A novel spatial rotation plan has surfaced to solve both problems. We develop a simple model of the rotation option to identify critical variables and then we estimate some of these using data on lease bids.
PORTFOLIO DECISIONS OF SMALL AGRIBUSINESSES: EVIDENCE FROM THE 1993 NATIONAL SURVEY OF SMALL BUSINESS FINANCE
Creators: name: Holmes, Marionette
name: Park, Timothy A.
name: Holmes, Marionette
name: Park, Timothy A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: This study develops a model for the financial portfolio allocations of small businesses and identifies the financial decisions of small agribusiness firms to develop optimal portfolio strategies. We will compare the performance of two econometric models in identifying firm and owner characteristics that influence asset and liability holdings in small agribusinesses.
ESTIMATION OF MINIMUM DEMAND THRESHOLDS: AN APPLICATION OF COUNT DATA PROCEDURES WITH THE EXISTENCE OF EXCESS ZERO OBSERVATIONS
Creators: name: Harris, Thomas R.
name: Yen, Steven T.
name: Deller, Steven C.
name: Harris, Thomas R.
name: Yen, Steven T.
name: Deller, Steven C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics
Demand and Price Analysis

description: Count data models that incorporate the existence of excess zero observations were employed to estimate minimum demand thresholds for rural Wisconsin retail sectors. It was found that single- and double-hurdle models improved the estimation of rural retail minimum demand thresholds.
Multipeak quasielastic light scattering and high-frequency electronic excitations in honeycomb Li$_2$RuO$_3$
Creators: name: Ponosov, Yu. S.
name: Streltsov, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measured the temperature dependence of low-frequency Raman spectra in Li$_2$RuO$_3$, and observed multipeak quasielastic scattering in the Ru honeycomb polarizations below and above the magnetostructural transition temperature. We attribute this scattering to the fluctuations of the energy density in the spin system. High-frequency electronic light scattering was observed at 2150 $cm^{-1}$. Its intensity increased significantly below the transition temperature, confirming substantial modification of electronic structure due to removal of degeneracy in $t_{2g}$-manifold of Ru$^{4+}$ ions.
title: Βυζαντινή Υμνογραφία
title: Βυζαντινή Υμνογραφία
Creators: name: Zerboudaki, Alexandra
Publisher: name: Kallipos, Open Academic Editions
Year: 2024
Subjects: υμνογραφία
κοντάκιο
κανόνας
Ρωμανός Μελωδός
Ακάθιστος
ύμνος
ειρμός
ακροστιχίδα
Ανδρέας Κρήτης
Ιωάννης Δαμασκηνός
Κοσμάς ο Μελωδός
τροπάριο
ωδή
οίκος
ειρμολόγιο
στιχηρά
ήχος
Γερμανός Α
Θεοφάνης ο Γραπτός
Θεόδωρος Στουδίτης
Ιωσήφ ο Υμνογράφος
Κασσία
Ιγνάτιος ο διάκονος
Φώτιος
hymnography
kontakion
canon
hymn
Romanos the melodist
Akathist Hymn
heirm
acrostic
Andrew of Crete
John of Damascus
Kosmas the melodist
troparion
ode
stanza
hirmologion
stichera
mode
Germanos I
Theophanes Graptos
Theodore of Studion
Joseph the Hymnographer
Kassia
Ignatios the Deacon
Photios

description: Το βιβλίο θα παρουσιάζει σε 10 εκτενέστερα ή συντομότερα κεφάλαια τα βασικά στοιχεία της Βυζαντινής Υμνογραφίας, της λειτουργικής δηλαδή ποίησης, από τους πρώτους ύμνους, οι οποίοι θα συζητηθούν συνοπτικά, ως τα υμνογραφικά είδη της ακμής, το κοντάκιο και τον κανόνα, είδη τα οποία θα παρουσιαστούν διεξοδικά, σε εκτενέστερα κεφάλαια και με παράθεση αρκετών κειμενικών αποσπασμάτων. Παράλληλα θα παρουσιαστούν οι σημαντικότεροι εκπρόσωποι των ειδών και αποσπάσματα από ορισμένα σημαντικά έργα τους. Τέλος σε κάθε κεφάλαιο θα παρατίθεται μια ενδεικτική βιβλιογραφία. Στόχοι: α. Να εξοικειωθούν οι φοιτητές με τη βασική ορολογία της βυζαντινής υμνογραφίας β. Να γνωρίσουν τα σημαντικότερα είδη και τα χαρακτηριστικά τους γ. Να έρθουν σε επαφή οι φοιτητές με τους σημαντικότερους εκπροσώπους των υμνογραφικών κειμένων και να διακρίνουν μέσα από τη μελέτη των κειμένων τα ιδιαίτερα χαρακτηριστικά της ποίησής τους. δ. Να κατανοήσουν τις ιδιαίτερες συνθήκες πους γέννησαν τα υμνογραφικά είδη
description: Το βιβλίο θα παρουσιάζει σε 10 εκτενέστερα ή συντομότερα κεφάλαια τα βασικά στοιχεία της Βυζαντινής Υμνογραφίας, της λειτουργικής δηλαδή ποίησης, από τους πρώτους ύμνους, οι οποίοι θα συζητηθούν συνοπτικά, ως τα υμνογραφικά είδη της ακμής, το κοντάκιο και τον κανόνα, είδη τα οποία θα παρουσιαστούν διεξοδικά, σε εκτενέστερα κεφάλαια και με παράθεση αρκετών κειμενικών αποσπασμάτων. Παράλληλα θα παρουσιαστούν οι σημαντικότεροι εκπρόσωποι των ειδών και αποσπάσματα από ορισμένα σημαντικά έργα τους. Τέλος σε κάθε κεφάλαιο θα παρατίθεται μια ενδεικτική βιβλιογραφία. Στόχοι: α. Να εξοικειωθούν οι φοιτητές με τη βασική ορολογία της βυζαντινής υμνογραφίας β. Να γνωρίσουν τα σημαντικότερα είδη και τα χαρακτηριστικά τους γ. Να έρθουν σε επαφή οι φοιτητές με τους σημαντικότερους εκπροσώπους των υμνογραφικών κειμένων και να διακρίνουν μέσα από τη μελέτη των κειμένων τα ιδιαίτερα χαρακτηριστικά της ποίησής τους. δ. Να κατανοήσουν τις ιδιαίτερες συνθήκες πους γέννησαν τα υμνογραφικά είδη
Reduction of Magnetic Noise in Atom Chips by Material Optimization
Creators: name: Dikovsky, V.
name: Japha, Y.
name: Henkel, C.
name: Folman, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the contribution of the material type in metal wires to the electromagnetic fluctuations in magnetic microtraps close to the surface of an atom chip. We show that significant reduction of the magnetic noise can be achieved by replacing the pure noble metal wires with their dilute alloys. The alloy composition provides an additional degree of freedom which enables a controlled reduction of both magnetic noise and resistivity if the atom chip is cooled. In addition, we provide a careful re-analysis of the magnetically induced trap loss observed by Yu-Ju Lin et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 050404 (2004)] and find good agreement with an improved theory.
description: 25 pages with 9 figures eps
Dust and inclination corrected star-formation and interstellar medium scaling relations in nearby galaxies
Creators: name: Pastrav, Bogdan A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following from our recent work, we present a detailed analysis of star-formation and interstellar medium (ISM) scaling relations, done on a representative sample of nearby galaxies. H$α$ images are analysed in order to derive the integrated galaxy luminosity, known as a more instantenous and accurate star-formation rate (SFR) tracer, and the required photometric and structural parameters. Dust and inclination corrected H$α$ luminosities, SFRs and related quantities are determined using a self-consistent method based on previous work prescriptions, which do not require the assumption of a dust attenuation curve and use of Balmer decrements (or other hydrogen recombination lines) to estimate the dust attenuation, with the advantage of determining dust opacities and dust masses along the way. We investigate the extent to which dust and inclination effects bias the specific parameters of these relations, the scatter and degree of correlation, and which relations are fundamental or are just a consequence of others. Most of our results are consistent within errors with other similar studies, while others come in opposition or are inconclusive. By comparing the B band optical and H$α$ (star-forming) discs scalelengths, we found on average, the star-formation distribution to be more extended than the stellar continuum emission one (the ratio being 1.10), this difference increasing with stellar mass. Similarly, more massive galaxies have a more compact stellar emission surface density than the star-formation one (average ratio of 0.77). The method proposed can be applied in larger scale studies of star-formation and ISM evolution, for normal low to intermediate redshift galaxies.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures, 5 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS (12/2023)
"A slushy time" : the transitional experiences and changing images of adolescents crossing the bridge to adulthood
Creators: name: Nicol, Jo-Ann Ellen Maynard
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This study focuses on the liminal experiences of a group of grade twelve students. Their narratives describe their experiences as they prepare to leave the structure that has framed their lives for thirteen years and move into the adult world. The study begins with an overview of the literature in which the notion of adolescent transition into adulthood has shifted over the decades from an emphasis on transition as a rite of passage to transition as a societal economic concern and the more recent regard for the personal experience of transition. Interviews, field notes of group discussions and site observations, as well as student surveys and their own narratives form the body of the work. Structured as a narrative, the study presents a co-construction of how these students talked about their pressures and concerns, and their hopes and fears of moving into the adult world. While looking forward with varying degrees of anticipation to graduation celebrations, the students, like Janus, the Roman god of the doorway, reflected on past events that have brought them to this place. The study also describes various influences on students' experiences and raises questions about how students might be guided toward adulthood so they have greater confidence in themselves and their future. Students' evocative stories reveal that grade twelve is a time of uncertain identities and of personal transformation. Their narratives reveal that there is a need for more sensitive pedagogy for senior secondary students, one that acknowledges their personal transformations as well as the importance of supportive relationships during this time of uncertainty. The final chapter describes how a number of the students in the study have fared since their graduation. The Epilogue reflects on how the "Subjective-I" (Peshkin, 1988a, p. 18) shaped the study and the resulting text, then briefly re-examines the value of Turner's (1967) notion of liminality in the study of present-day adolescent transition.
Single Pixel Polarimetric Imaging through Scattering Media
Creators: name: Seow, Kai Ling C.
name: Török, Peter
name: Foreman, Matthew R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Polarimetric imaging can provide valuable information about biological samples in a wide range of applications. Detrimental scattering however currently limits the imaging depth of in-vivo imaging to approximately 1 transport mean free path. In this work, single pixel imaging is investigated as a means of reconstructing polarimetric images through scattering media. A theoretical imaging model is presented and the recovery of the spatially resolved Mueller matrix of a hidden test object is demonstrated experimentally for scattering phantoms with thicknesses up to twice the transport mean free path.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
BT COTTON REFUGE POLICY
Creators: name: Livingston, Michael J.
name: Carlson, Gerald A.
name: Fackler, Paul L.
name: Livingston, Michael J.
name: Carlson, Gerald A.
name: Fackler, Paul L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Since cotton producers do not own legal rights to kill insect populations that are susceptible to insecticides, individual producers may have no incentive to account for future, insecticide-resistance productivity losses arising from their pest-management decisions. As a result, the collective actions of producers may increase the rate of resistance development relative to the rate that maximizes social welfare. Concerns regarding insect-pest development of resistance to Bt cotton prompted the Environmental Protection Agency to establish legal limits on the proportion of total acres individual producers may plant, representing the first attempt to regulate the development of insecticide resistance and the first instance of the use of refuge as a policy instrument. Ever since Carlson and Castle first pointed out the resource characteristics of insecticide susceptibility, pest management in the presence of increasing resistance has been viewed as an exhaustible resource allocation problem, and many studies have examined efficient insecticide use in this setting. Resistance management studies found in the economics literature, however, have examined single-insect single-insecticide problems almost exclusively. The majority of genetic and entomological studies have followed suit. Since cotton producers routinely use multiple insecticides and insecticide mixtures to manage multiple insect pests, and since simulation and empirical evidence suggests that toxin mixtures can affect the rate of resistance development to component toxins, the standard model may not be well suited for the examination of refuge policies under cotton production settings. Static refuge policies that maximize the present value of profit flows attainable by producers over five- and 10-year planning horizons are examined using a deterministic, operational model that accounts for short- and long-run features of production and resistance development. The model accounts for the development of resistance in two cotton insect pests to Bt cotton and a popular conventional insecticide, and relationships between refuge policy, insecticide resistance, producer profit and producer behavior in Louisiana. The model is used to examine relationships between resistance simulation model parameters and refuge policies and comparative advantages between treated and untreated refuge policies.
Hydration of an apolar solute in a two-dimensional waterlike lattice fluid
Creators: name: Buzano, C.
name: De Stefanis, E.
name: Pretti, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a previous work, we investigated a two-dimensional lattice-fluid model, displaying some waterlike thermodynamic anomalies. The model, defined on a triangular lattice, is now extended to aqueous solutions with apolar species. Water molecules are of the "Mercedes Benz" type, i.e., they possess a D3 (equilateral triangle) symmetry, with three equivalent bonding arms. Bond formation depends both on orientation and local density. The insertion of inert molecules displays typical signatures of hydrophobic hydration: large positive transfer free energy, large negative transfer entropy (at low temperature), strong temperature dependence of the transfer enthalpy and entropy, i.e., large (positive) transfer heat capacity. Model properties are derived by a generalized first order approximation on a triangle cluster.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, 1 table; submitted to Phys. Rev. E
Revisiting the Divergent Multipole Expansion of Atom-Surface Interactions: Hydrogen and Positronium, alpha-Quartz, and Physisorption
Creators: name: Jentschura, Ulrich D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the derivation of multipole contributions to the atom-wall interaction previously presented in [G. Lach et al., Phys. Rev. A 81, 052507 (2010)]. A careful reconsideration of the angular-momentum decomposition of the second-, third- and fourth-rank tensors composed of the derivatives of the electric-field modes leads to a modification for the results for the quadrupole, octupole and hexadecupole contributions to the atom-wall interaction. Asymptotic results are given for the asymptotic long-range forms of the multipole terms, in both the short-range and long-range limits. Calculations are carried out for hydrogen and positronium in contact with $α$-quartz; a reanalysis of analytic models of the dielectric function of alpha-quartz is performed. Analytic results are provided for the multipole polarizabilities of hydrogen and positronium. The quadrupole correction is shown to be numerically significant for atom-surface interactions. The expansion into multipoles is shown to constitute a divergent, asymptotic series. Connections to van-der-Waals corrected density-functional theory and applications to physisorption are decribed.
description: 13 pages; RevTeX
ESTIMATING NON-PARAMETRIC AND PARAMETRIC TRANSFORMATION FUNCTIONS FROM SURVEY DATA: AN APPLICATION OF MINIMUM CROSS-ENTROPY
Creators: name: Hoveid, Oyvind
name: Hoveid, Oyvind
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: A model of a (convex) technology of representative and non-representative firms in a heterogeneous sector is presented in non-parametric and parametric versions. The heterogeneity is specified with error terms. The models including a non-parametric distribution of the errors can be estimated with entropy econometrics from firm survey data. This requires two important modifications in the standard approach to entropy estimation of Golan, Judge and Miller: The compact support of the probability distribution should be designed to capture eventual non-zero covariance. And cross-entropy need to be redefined for cases of multiple observations.
Magnetisation of hole-doped CuO2 spin chains in Sr14-xCaxCu24O41
Creators: name: Klingeler, R.
name: Tristan, N.
name: Büchner, B.
name: Huecker, M.
name: Ammerahl, U.
name: Revcolevschi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on magnetisation measurements of Sr14-xCaxCu24O41, with 0 <= x <= 12, in magnetic fields up to 16 T. The low temperature magnetic response of the CuO2 spin chains changes strongly upon doping. For x = 0, the ground state with nearly independent dimers is confirmed. Reduction of the number of holes in the chains through Ca-doping leads to an additional contribution to the magnetisation, which depends linearly on the magnetic field. Remarkably, the slope of this linear contribution increases with the Ca content. We argue that antiferromagnetic spin chains do not account for this behaviour but that the hole dynamics might be involved.
description: In v2, spelling of author names has been changed
Giant micropulse emission in the Vela pulsar at C band
Creators: name: Chen, J. L.
name: Wen, Z. G.
name: Hao, L. F.
name: Yuan, J. P.
name: Li, J.
name: Wang, H. G.
name: Yan, W. M.
name: Lee, K. J.
name: Wang, N.
name: Xu, Y. H.
name: Li, Z. X.
name: Huang, Y. X.
name: Yuen, R.
name: Mijit, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present here the analysis of giant micropulses from the Vela pulsar. A total of 4187 giant micropulses with peak flux density $>$2.5 Jy were detected during almost 4 hours of observations carried out with the Yunnan 40-m radio telescope at 6800 MHz. Nine of the giant micropulses arrived approximately 3 to 4 ms earlier than the peak of average pulse profile, longer than that at lower frequencies. The remaining giant micropulses were clustered into three distributions which correspond to three main emission regions, including four occurring on the trailing edge of averaged profile.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Universal scaling relation and criticality in metabolism and growth of Escherichia coli
Creators: name: Guan, Shaohua
name: Zhang, Zhichao
name: Zhang, Zihan
name: Shi, Hualin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The metabolic network plays a crucial role in regulating bacterial metabolism and growth, but it is subject to inherent molecular stochasticity. Previous studies have utilized flux balance analysis and the maximum entropy method to predict metabolic fluxes and growth rates, while the underlying principles governing bacterial metabolism and growth, especially the criticality hypothesis, remain unclear. In this study, we employ a maximum entropy approach to investigate the universality in various constraint-based metabolic networks of Escherichia coli. Our findings reveal the existence of universal scaling relations across different nutritional environments and metabolic network models, similar to the universality observed in physics. By analyzing single-cell data, we confirm that metabolism of Escherichia coli operates close to the state with maximum Fisher information, which serves as a signature of criticality. This critical state provides functional advantages such as high sensitivity and long-range correlation. Moreover, we demonstrate that a metabolic system operating at criticality takes a compromise solution between growth and adaptation, thereby serving as a survival strategy in fluctuating environments.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
SPATIAL DEPENDENCE AMONG COUNTY-LEVEL LAND USE CHANGES
Creators: name: Hsieh, Wen-Hua
name: Irwin, Elena G.
name: Forster, D. Lynn
name: Hsieh, Wen-Hua
name: Irwin, Elena G.
name: Forster, D. Lynn
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: Spatial econometric methods are used to investigate whether land use changes in one county are affected by changes in surrounding counties. Spatial dependence is hypothesized to arise from land substitution effects among neighboring counties. The estimation uses data on land use change for 1,055 counties of 12 Midwest states.
Beyreuther, Erich, Geschichte der Diakonie im Inneren Mission in der Neuzeit...
Creators: name: Rott, Ludwig
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 12 Nr. 3 (1963): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 12, Heft 3
INSURANCE MILK
Creators: name: Alston, Julian M.
name: Quilkey, John J.
name: Alston, Julian M.
name: Quilkey, John J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1980
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
Livestock Production/Industries

description: Where the production of milk for sale on the fresh milk market at 'controlled' prices is subject to nontransferable quotas the holders of quota who wish to maximise profits have a motive to maintain production above the quota level to insure against variations in demand for over-quota sales and yield. The concept of 'production of milk as insurance' is used to clarify the way in which such behaviour gives rise to social costs which could be avoided in a competitive market, by a permissive attitude to arbitrage, or where quotas can be traded.
Aporophyla nigra
Creators: name: Joos, R Enato
name: Fritsch, Dieter
name: Bryner, Rudolf
name: Billen, Wolfgang
name: Wicki, Christoph
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Noctuidae
Aporophyla
Aporophyla nigra

description: 9651 Aporophyla nigra (Haworth, 1809)
Münchenstein (BL), Merian Gärten, 28.10.2015. Die Art ist stark wärmeliebend. In der Region sind nur ganz wenige Nachweise bekannt.
description: Published as part of Joos, R Enato, Fritsch, Dieter, Bryner, Rudolf, Billen, Wolfgang & Wicki, Christoph, 2018, Vielfalt der nachtaktiven Gross- und Kleinschmetterlinge in zwei Parkanlagen bei Basel, pp. 57-71 in Entomo Helvetica 11 on page 63, DOI: 10.5169/seals-986024, http://zenodo.org/record/8034307
The partially asymmetric zero range process with quenched disorder
Creators: name: Juhász, Róbert
name: Santen, Ludger
name: Iglói, Ferenc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the one-dimensional partially asymmetric zero range process where the hopping rates as well as the easy direction of hopping are random variables. For this type of disorder there is a condensation phenomena in the thermodynamic limit: the particles typically occupy one single site and the fraction of particles outside the condensate is vanishing. We use extreme value statistics and an asymptotically exact strong disorder renormalization group method to explore the properties of the steady state. In a finite system of $L$ sites the current vanishes as $J \sim L^{-z}$, where the dynamical exponent, $z$, is exactly calculated. For $01$ the transport is due to the anomalous diffusion of a single Brownian particle. Inactive particles are localized at a second special site and their number in rare realizations is macroscopic. The average density profile of inactive particles has a width of, $ξ\sim δ^{-2}$, in terms of the asymmetry parameter, $δ$. In addition to this, we have investigated the approach to the steady state of the system through a coarsening process and found that the size of the condensate grows as $n_L \sim t^{1/(1+z)}$ for large times. For the unbiased model $z$ is formally infinite and the coarsening is logarithmically slow.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
A REVIEW OF THREE RESEARCH PROGRAMS IN QUANTITATIVE MODELLING IN THE BUREAU OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS
Creators: name: Kingma, Onko Tjerek
name: Longmire, James L.
name: Stoeckel, Andrew B.
name: Kingma, Onko Tjerek
name: Longmire, James L.
name: Stoeckel, Andrew B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1980
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Elements of three of the BAE's research programs in economic modelling of the rural sector, namely, the modelling of agricultural production systems, rural commodity markets and agriculture within a general equilibrium framework, are reviewed with emphasis on the use of such models in policy work. Suggestions are made for further modelling in these areas.
Non-commutative geometry and the standard model vacuum
Creators: name: Barrett, John W.
name: Martins, Rachel A. Dawe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The space of Dirac operators for the Connes-Chamseddine spectral action for the standard model of particle physics coupled to gravity is studied. The model is extended by including right-handed neutrino states, and the S0-reality axiom is not assumed. The possibility of allowing more general fluctuations than the inner fluctuations of the vacuum is proposed. The maximal case of all possible fluctuations is studied by considering the equations of motion for the vacuum. Whilst there are interesting non-trivial vacua with Majorana-like mass terms for the leptons, the conclusion is that the equations are too restrictive to allow solutions with the standard model mass matrix.
description: 21 pages. v2: some comments improved
ASPECTS OF HEDGING THEORY
Creators: name: Goss, Barry A.
name: Goss, Barry A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1980
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: In this paper, interpretative comments are offered on some established aspects of the economics of futures trading, including the nature of the equilibrium condition in the case of an inverse carrying charge, some inferences about traders' market positions made from estimates of returns, and the implications of the normal backwardation hypothesis in cases where hedgers are net long. The paper also includes a survey of the recent literature on the forward pricing function of futures markets, with a discussion of, inter alia, the methods used to investigate the hypothesis that futures prices are anticipations of delivery date spot prices, and the possible reasons why some markets perform this function better than others.
Dimensionality-induced change in topological order in multiferroic oxide superlattices
Creators: name: Holtz, Megan E.
name: Padgett, Elliot S.
name: Steinhardt, Rachel
name: Brooks, Charles M.
name: Meier, Dennis
name: Schlom, Darrell G.
name: Muller, David A.
name: Mundy, Julia A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct ferroelectric (LuFeO3)m/(LuFe2O4) superlattices with varying index m to study the effect of confinement on topological defects. We observe a thickness-dependent transition from neutral to charged domain walls and the emergence of fractional vortices. In thin LuFeO3 layers, the volume fraction of domain walls grows, lowering the symmetry from P63cm to P3c1 before reaching the non-polar P63/mmc state, analogous to the high-temperature ferroelectric to paraelectric transition. Our study shows how dimensional confinement stabilizes textures beyond those in bulk ferroelectric systems.
Dispersion of speech aerosols in the context of physical distancing recommendations
Creators: name: Raghav, Vrishank
name: Tan, Zu Puayen
name: Bhatt, Surya P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-speed particle image velocimetry (PIV) was used to quantify the dispersion of aerosol-laden gas clouds generated during phonetic vocalization by a human subject at different sound intensity levels. The measured PIV data was used to quantify the initial penetration depth. Using classical pulsed jet scaling laws propagation distances were computed for time periods beyond the measured duration. Our results indicate that the penetration distance was comparable between loud intensity speech (for example during singing, classroom lectures, parties etc.) and moderate intensity cough. Based on theoretical aerosol propagation distance and time, the 6 feet physical distancing recommendations are likely sufficient to avoid incidental exposure by the initial penetration of the aerosol cloud, but insufficient for prolonged exposure to slow propagating aerosol clouds.
MALLEE WHEAT FARMERS' DEMAND FOR CROP AND RAINFALL INSURANCE
Creators: name: Patrlck, George F.
name: Patrlck, George F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1988

description: Producers' demand for a crop insurance program with indemnities based on their actual yields and a rainfall insurance program with indemnities based on area rainfall is analysed. Actuarial costs of these hypothetical programs are estimated. Tobit procedures are used to analyse factors influencing the amount which farmers would be willing to pay for the alternative insurance programs. Factors related to the absolute size of risk and capacity to bear risk, as well as personal characteristics and risk attitudes of producers, have effects on the demand for insurance as hypothesised. Problems of adverse selection are associated with the area yield-based program, while both crop and rainfall insurance programs may involve some moral hazard. Producer participation in either program would be limited.
Math-test anxiety and test preparedness
Creators: name: Zabek, Stefan Peter Philip
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between math-test anxiety and test preparedness. Initial observation of the literature surrounding math anxiety led to the development of the primary hypothesis of the study: students' math-test anxiety, as measured by a math-test anxiety inventory, is related to their self-reported preparedness for a math test. This study also tested six secondary hypotheses relating to performance, first language, and gender. An adapted version of the Test Anxiety Inventory provided the means to measure math-test anxiety. Knowledge (measured by test performance), math attitude (measured by a math attitude scale), math usefulness (measured by a math usefulness scale), and math self-efficacy (measured by a math self-efficacy scale) provided the framework for test preparedness. To survey high school students, a questionnaire was developed and circulated to eight districts across British Columbia. Three hundred and twenty-two questionnaires (67 percent) were returned. Quantitative data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficients, multiple regression analysis, and the independent samples t-test in the SPSS 10.1 Windows software package. Confidence levels for statistically significant figures reported by the package were set at the p < 0.05 level. The following results were found: there was strong evidence (R = 0.531, Rsquare = 0.282 and p < 0.05 ) that preparedness before a test is significantly correlated with math-test anxiety; Strong evidence was found (R = 0.521, Rsquare - 0.271 and p < 0.05) that a student's knowledge and self-efficacy are significantly correlated with his or her last math course mark; moderate evidence was found (r = -0.353, rsquare = 0.125 and p < 0.05) that performance is significantly correlated with math-test anxiety; moderate evidence was found (r = 0.409 , rsquare - .167 and p < 0.05) that a student's performance is significantly correlated with his or her last math course mark; evidence was found that performance (t = -2.817 , d = 0.526 and p < 0.05 ) and math attitude (t = -3.322 , d = 0.490 and p < 0.05) are significantly correlated with first language; There is evidence that math self-efficacy (t = 3.686, d = 0.420 and p < 0.05) is significantly correlated with gender; and, no evidence was found (t = 1.117 and p = 0.269) that first language is significantly correlated with math-test anxiety.
Global dynamics of the generalized fifth-order KdV equation with critical nonlinearity
Creators: name: Wang, Yuexun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove global existence and modified scattering for the solutions of the generalized fifth-order KdV equation with critical nonlinearity for small and localized initial data. The proof is undergoing by using the space-time resonance method and the stationary phase argument.
ELT Observations of Supernovae at the Edge of the Universe
Creators: name: Della Valle, M.
name: Gilmozzi, R.
name: Panagia, N.
name: Bergeron, J.
name: Madau, P.
name: Spyromilio, J.
name: Dierickx, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the possibility of using Supernovae as tracers of the star formation history of the Universe for the range of stellar masses $\sim 3-30$ M$_\odot$ and possibly beyond. We simulate the observations of 350 SNe, up to $z\sim 15$, made with OWL (100m) telescope.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures. To appear in "Exploring the Cosmic Frontier: Astrophysical Instruments for the 21st Century", proceedings of the conference held in Berlin, 18-21 May 2004
A matrix-free parallel solution method for the three-dimensional heterogeneous Helmholtz equation
Creators: name: Chen, Jinqiang
name: Dwarka, Vandana
name: Vuik, Cornelis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: G.1.0
subject: 65F08 (Primary), 65Y05 (Secondary), 35J05

description: The Helmholtz equation is related to seismic exploration, sonar, antennas, and medical imaging applications. It is one of the most challenging problems to solve in terms of accuracy and convergence due to the scalability issues of the numerical solvers. For 3D large-scale applications, high-performance parallel solvers are also needed. In this paper, a matrix-free parallel iterative solver is presented for the three-dimensional (3D) heterogeneous Helmholtz equation. We consider the preconditioned Krylov subspace methods for solving the linear system obtained from finite-difference discretization. The Complex Shifted Laplace Preconditioner (CSLP) is employed since it results in a linear increase in the number of iterations as a function of the wavenumber. The preconditioner is approximately inverted using one parallel 3D multigrid cycle. For parallel computing, the global domain is partitioned blockwise. The matrix-vector multiplication and preconditioning operator are implemented in a matrix-free way instead of constructing large, memory-consuming coefficient matrices. Numerical experiments of 3D model problems demonstrate the robustness and outstanding strong scaling of our matrix-free parallel solution method. Moreover, the weak parallel scalability indicates our approach is suitable for realistic 3D heterogeneous Helmholtz problems with minimized pollution error.
description: 25 pages, 15 figures, manuscript submitted to a special issue of conference NMLSP2022
A duality relation between non-spherical mirror optical cavities and its application to gravitational-wave detectors
Creators: name: Agresti, Juri
name: Chen, Yanbei
name: D'Ambrosio, Erika
name: Savov, Pavlin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we analytically prove a unique duality relation between the eigenspectra of paraxial optical cavities with non-spherical mirrors: a one-to-one mapping between eigenmodes and eigenvalues of cavities deviating from flat mirrors by $h(\vec{r})$ and cavities deviating from concentric mirrors by $-h(\vec{r})$, where $h$ need not be a small perturbation. We then illustrate its application to optical cavities, proposed for advanced interferometric gravitational-wave detectors, where the mirrors are designed to support beams with rather flat intensity profiles over the mirror surfaces. This unique mapping might be very useful in future studies of alternative optical designs for advanced gravitational waves interferometers or experiments employing optical cavities with non-standard mirrors.
description: 26 pages, 5 figures, minor changes matching the published version
Comment on "Self-dual teleparallel formulation of general relativity and the positive energy theorem" G. Y. Chee
Creators: name: Pelykh, Volodymyr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a correct tensor proof of the positive energy problem for the case including momentum on basis of conditions of existence of the two-to-one correspondence between the Sen-Witten spinor field and the Sen-Witten orthonormal frame. These conditions were obtained in our previous publications, but true significance of our works was not estimated properly by G.Y.Chee, and these were not correct quoted in his publication. On other hand, the main result of our work is key argument in favour of geometrical nature of the Sen-Witten spinor field.
description: 3 pages