cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Planck Cold Clumps in the lambda Orionis Complex. III. A chemical probe of stellar feedback on cores in the lambda Orionis cloud
Creators: name: Yi, Hee-Weon
name: Lee, Jeong-Eun
name: Kim, Kee-Tae
name: Liu, Tie
name: Lim, Beomdu
name: Tatematsu, Ken'ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Massive stars have a strong impact on their local environments. However, how stellar feedback regulates star formation is still under debate. In this context, we studied the chemical properties of 80 dense cores in the Orion molecular cloud complex composed of the Orion A (39 cores), B (26 cores), and lambda Orionis (15 cores) clouds using multiple molecular line data taken with the Korean Very Long Baseline Interferometry Network (KVN) 21-m telescopes. The lambda Orionis cloud has an H ii bubble surrounding the O-type star lambda Ori, and hence it is exposed to the ultraviolet (UV) radiation field of the massive star. The abundances of C2H and HCN, which are sensitive to UV radiation, appear to be higher in the cores in the lambda Orionis cloud than those in the Orion A and B clouds, while the HDCO to H2CO abundance ratios show an opposite trend, indicating a warmer condition in the lambda Orionis cloud. The detection rates of dense gas tracers such as the N2H+, HCO+, and H13CO+ lines are also lower in the lambda Orionis cloud. These chemical properties imply that the cores in the lambda Orionis cloud are heated by UV photons from lambda Ori. Furthermore, the cores in the lambda Orionis cloud do not show any statistically significant excess in the infall signature of HCO+ (1 - 0), unlike the Orion A and B clouds. Our results support the idea that feedback from massive stars impacts star formation in a negative way by heating and evaporating dense materials, as in the lambda Orionis cloud.
description: 50 pages, 9 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJS
SPRINT: System Parameters Recurrent INvasive Tracking, a fast and least-cost online calibration strategy for adaptive optics
Creators: name: Heritier, C. T.
name: Fusco, T.
name: Oberti, S.
name: Neichel, B.
name: Esposito, S.
name: Madec, P. -Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The future large adaptive telescopes will trigger new constraints for the calibration of Adaptive Optics (AO) systems equipped with pre-focal Deformable Mirrors (DM). The image of the DM actuators grid as seen by the Wave-Front Sensor (WFS) may evolve during the operations due to the flexures of the opto-mechanical components present in the optical path. The latter will result in degraded AO performance that will impact the scientific operation. To overcome this challenge, it will be necessary to regularly monitor and compensate for these DM/WFS mis-registrations either by physically re-aligning some optical components or by updating the control matrix of the system. In this paper, we present a new strategy to track mis-registrations using a pseudo-synthetic model of the AO system. The method is based on an invasive approach where signals are acquired on-sky, before or during the scientific operations, and fed to the model to extract the mis-registration parameters. We introduce a method to compute the most sensitive modes to these mis-registrations that allows to reduce the number of degrees of freedom required by the algorithm and minimize the impact on the scientific performance. We demonstrate that, using only a few of these well selected signals, the method provides a very good accuracy on the parameters estimation, well under the targeted accuracy, and has a negligible impact on the scientific path. In addition, the method appears to be very robust to varying operating conditions of noise and atmospheric turbulence and performs equally for both Pyramid and Shack-Hartmann WFS.
Self-similar solution of a nonsteady problem of nonisothermal vapour condensation on a droplet growing in diffusion regime
Creators: name: Grinin, A. P.
name: Gor, G. Yu.
name: Kuni, F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents a mathematically exact self-similar solution to the joint nonsteady problems of vapour diffusion towards a droplet growing in a vapour-gas medium and of removal of heat released by a droplet into a vapour-gas medium during vapour condensation. An equation for the temperature of the droplet is obtained; and it is only at that temperature that the self-similar solution exists. This equation requires the constancy of the droplet temperature and even defines it unambiguously throughout the whole period of the droplet growth. In the case of strong display of heat effects, when the droplet growth rate decreases significantly, the equation for the temperature of the droplet is solved analytically. It is shown that the obtained temperature fully coincides with the one that settles in the droplet simultaneously with the settlement of its diffusion regime of growth. At the obtained temperature of the droplet the interrelated nonsteady vapour concentration and temperature profiles of the vapour-gas medium around the droplet are expressed in terms of initial (prior to the nucleation of the droplet) parameters of the vapour-gas medium. The same parameters are used to formulate the law in accordance with which the droplet is growing in diffusion regime, and also to define the time that passes after the nucleation of the droplet till the settlement of diffusion regime of droplet growth, when the squared radius of the droplet becomes proportionate to time. For the sake of completeness the case of weak display of heat effects is been studied.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Minimal Neutrino Beta Beam for Large theta_13
Creators: name: Winter, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the minimum requirements for a neutrino beta beam if theta_13 is discovered by an upcoming reactor experiment, such as Double Chooz or Daya Bay. We require that both neutrino mass hierarchy and leptonic CP violation can be measured to competitive precisions with a single-baseline experiment in the entire remaining theta_13 range. We find that for very high isotope production rates, such as they might be possible using a production ring, a (B,Li) beta beam with a gamma as low as 60 could already be sufficient to perform all of these measurements. If only the often used nominal source luminosities can be achieved, for example, a (Ne,He) beta beam from Fermilab to a possibly existing water Cherenkov detector at Homestake with gamma \sim 190-350 (depending on the Double Chooz best-fit) could outperform practically any other beam technology including wide-band beam and neutrino factory.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures, 1 table
Como escolher excipientes para cápsulas preparadas magistralmente
Creators: name: Gemeinder, Adriana Carrer Stefanini
name: Casagrande, Vanessa
name: Pinheiro, Osni Lázaro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Excipientes, Cápsulas, Incompatibilidade de medicamentos, Tecnologia farmacêutica, Materiais de ensino

description: Os excipientes são componentes de uma preparação farmacêutica que apresentam funcionalidades específicas. Eles são fundamentais na estabilização do princípio ativo, favorecendo sua solubilidade durante o processo de preparação e a sua absorção após a administração. Por isso, apesar de não possuírem ação farmacológica, a escolha do excipiente deve ser um processo criterioso com embasamento técnico-científico. O Objetivo deste material é auxiliar o profissional magistral. Ele foi desenvolvido com a contribuição de profissionais farmacêuticos especialistas na área farmacotécnica para auxiliar na melhor escolha de excipientes para o preparo magistral de cápsulas duras. As sugestões das substâncias utilizadas como excipiente deste material levam em consideração o Sistema de Classificação Biofarmacêutica dos fármacos, o qual relaciona sua permeabilidade e solubilidade.
Prompt GeV-TeV Emission of Gamma-Ray Bursts Due to High-Energy Protons, Muons and Electron-Positron Pairs
Creators: name: Asano, Katsuaki
name: Inoue, Susumu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of the internal shock scenario, we model the broadband prompt emission of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) with emphasis on the GeV-TeV bands, utilizing Monte Carlo simulations that include various processes associated with electrons and protons accelerated to high energies. While inverse Compton emission from primary electrons is often dominant, different proton-induced mechanisms can also give rise to distinct high-energy components, such as synchrotron emission from protons, muons or secondary electrons/positrons injected via photomeson interactions. In some cases, they give rise to double spectral breaks that can serve as unique signatures of ultra-high-energy protons. We discuss the conditions favorable for such emission, and how they are related to the production of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays and neutrinos in internal shocks. Ongoing and upcoming observations by {\it GLAST}, atmospheric Cerenkov telescopes and other facilities will test these expectations and provide important information on the physical conditions in GRB outflows.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures and 14 appendix figures, accepted for publication in ApJ vol. 671 with minor revisions
Aspects of Integrability in N =4 SYM
Creators: name: Agarwal, Abhishek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Various recently developed connections between supersymmetric Yang-Mills theories in four dimensions and two dimensional integrable systems serve as crucial ingredients in improving our understanding of the AdS/CFT correspondence. In this review, we highlight some connections between superconformal four dimensional Yang-Mills theory and various integrable systems. In particular, we focus on the role of Yangian symmetries in studying the gauge theory dual of closed string excitations. We also briefly review how the gauge theory connects to Calogero models and open quantum spin chains through the study of the gauge theory duals of D3 branes and open strings ending on them. This invited review, written for Modern Physics Letters-A, is based on a seminar given at the Institute of Advanced Study, Princeton.
description: Invited brief review for Mod. Phys. Lett. A based on a talk at I.A.S, Princeton
Galaxy bulges and their black holes: a requirement for the quenching of star formation
Creators: name: Bell, Eric F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the central features of the last 8 to 10 billion years of cosmic history has been the emergence of a well-populated red sequence of non-star-forming galaxies. A number of models of galaxy formation and evolution have been devised to attempt to explain this behavior. Most current models require feedback from supermassive black holes (AGN feedback) to quench star formation in galaxies in the centers of their dark matter halos (central galaxies). Such models make the strong prediction that all quenched central galaxies must have a large supermassive black hole (and, by association, a prominent bulge component). I show using data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey that the observations are consistent with this prediction. Over 99.5% of red sequence galaxies with stellar masses in excess of 10^{10} M_{\sun} have a prominent bulge component (as defined by having a Sersic index n above 1.5). Those very rare red sequence central galaxies with little or no bulge (n<1.5) usually have detectable star formation or AGN activity; the fraction of truly quenched bulgeless central galaxies is <0.1% of the total red sequence population. I conclude that a bulge, and by implication a supermassive black hole, is an absolute requirement for full quenching of star formation in central galaxies. This is in agreement with the most basic prediction of the AGN feedback paradigm.
description: 6 pages, 4 color figures (figure 1 is of slightly degraded quality). To appear in August 1 edition of the Astrophysical Journal
Baryonic B Meson Decays
Creators: name: Wang, M. Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent results on baryonic B decays from the two b-factories, BABAR and Belle, are presented. These include studies of B+ to p pbar pi+, B+ to p Lambdabar gamma and B0 to p Lambdabar pi-; observations of B+ to p Lambdabar pi0, B to Lambda_c+ Lambda_c- K, and B+ to Xibar0_c Lambda_c+; and study of the inclusive B decays to Lambda_c.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, Moriond QCD proceedings
Generalized Kac-Moody Algebras from CHL dyons
Creators: name: Govindarajan, Suresh
name: Krishna, K Gopala
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We provide evidence for the existence of a family of generalized Kac-Moody(GKM) superalgebras, G_N, whose Weyl-Kac-Borcherds denominator formula gives rise to a genus-two modular form at level N, Delta_{k/2}(Z), for (N,k)=(1,10), (2,6), (3,4), and possibly (5,2). The square of the automorphic form is the modular transform of the generating function of the degeneracy of CHL dyons in asymmetric Z_N-orbifolds of the heterotic string compactified on T^6. The new generalized Kac-Moody superalgebras all arise as different `automorphic corrections' of the same Lie algebra and are closely related to a generalized Kac-Moody superalgebra constructed by Gritsenko and Nikulin. The automorphic forms, Delta_{k/2}(Z), arise as additive lifts of Jacobi forms of (integral) weight k/2 and index 1/2. We note that the orbifolding acts on the imaginary simple roots of the unorbifolded GKM superalgebra, G_1 leaving the real simple roots untouched. We anticipate that these superalgebras will play a role in understanding the `algebra of BPS states' in CHL compactifications.
description: LaTeX, 35 pages; v2: improved referencing and discussion; typos corrected; v3 [substantial revision] 44 pages, modularity of additive lift proved, product representation of the forms also given; further references added
O'ZBEKISTONDA TURIZM SOHASINING ASOSIY KO'RSATKICHLARI
Creators: name: Murodova, Nargiza
name: Omonova, Nilufar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Maqola O’zbekistondagi turizm sohasida 2018 – 2021-yillar oralig’idagi o’sish va rivojlanish tendensiyalarini o’z ichiga oladi. Bu davr COVID-19 boshlanishidan oldingi va COVID-19 tarqalgan vaqtlarni o’z ichiga olib davlatni turizmiga qanday ta’sir ko’rsatganini tasvirlaydi.
title: Asthma in electronic health records: validity and phenotyping
Creators: name: Nissen, FW
Publisher: name: London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Year: 2019

description: This PhD thesis explores the validation of asthma in electronic health records (EHR) and the characteristics of asthma phenotypes in the UK using CPRD GOLD, HES and ONS data. The absence of a universal case definition, the overlap with other diseases and the incomplete recording of diagnostic markers makes the identification of asthma patients in EHR challenging. Furthermore, asthma phenotypes have previously been established based on cluster analysis in small populations, but their prevalence, treatment and outcomes in the general population have not been investigated. Firstly, I conducted a systematic review to understand how past epidemiological studies have validated asthma recording in EHR, including a critical appraisal and list of test measure values for the selected studies. Secondly, I validated algorithms to reliably ascertain the asthma status of patients in CPRD GOLD. This validation study identified multiple algorithms with PPV greater than 80%. The most practical algorithm (presence of a specific asthma diagnostic code) had a PPV of 86.4 (95% CI:77.4-95.4). Thirdly, I quantified the concomitant occurrence of asthma in COPD patients and vice versa in CPRD GOLD. After detailed case review, concomitant asthma and COPD was concluded in 14.8% of validated asthma patients and in 14.5% of validated COPD patients. However, asthma diagnoses may be unreliable in COPD patients, as over 50% of COPD patients had received an asthma code. Finally, I examined the prevalence, treatment, outcomes and characteristics of established asthma phenotypes in CPRD GOLD. Only a minority of patients (37.3%) were classified into these phenotypes using stringent inclusion criteria. Exacerbation rates/1000PY were lowest for benign asthma (106.8 [95% CI:101.2-112.3]), and highest for obese non-eosinophilic asthma (469.0 [95% CI:451.7-486.2]). In conclusion, this thesis provides information on the validation of asthma diagnoses in EHR and the prevalence, treatment, outcomes of predefined asthma phenotypes in the UK primary care population.
The dust-gas AGN torus as constrained from X-ray and mid-infrared observations
Creators: name: Arredondo, Donaji Esparza
name: Martín, Omaira González
name: Dultzin, Deborah
name: Masegosa, Josefa
name: Almeida, Cristina Ramos
name: Bernete, Ismael García
name: Fritz, Jacopo
name: Clavijo, Natalia Osorio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the last decades, several multiwavelength studies have been dedicated to exploring the properties of the obscuring material in active galactic nuclei (AGN). Various models have been developed to describe the structure and distribution of this material and constrain its physical and geometrical parameters through spectral fitting techniques. However, questions, including how the torus mid-infrared (mid-IR) and X-ray emission are related remain unanswered. In this work, we study whether the dust continuum at mid-IR and gas reflection at X-rays have the same distribution in a sample of AGN. We carefully selected a sample of 36 nearby AGN with NuSTAR and Spitzer spectra available in both archives. We derived the properties of the nuclear dust and gas through a spectral fitting, using models developed for mid-IR and X-ray wavelengths assuming smooth and clumpy distributions for this structure. We found that a combination of smooth and clumpy distributions of gas and dust, respectively, is preferred for ~80% of sources with good spectral fits according to the Akaike criterion. However, considering extra information about each individual source, such as the absorption variability, we found that ~50% of our sources are best described by a clumpy distribution of both dust and gas. The remaining ~50% of our sources can still be explained with a smooth distribution of gas and a clumpy distribution of dust. The results presented in this paper suggest that the distribution of the gas and dust in AGN is complex. We find at least six scenarios to explain the observed properties of our sample. In these scenarios, three gas-dust distribution combinations are possible: clumpy-clumpy, smooth-smooth, and smooth-clumpy. Most of them are in agreement with the notion that gas could also be located in the dust-free region, which is consistent with the dust-to-gas ratio found.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A, 24 pages, 10 figures, 8 tables
Vers une Agriculture Numérique en Afrique : enjeux et perspectives. Editorial
Creators: name: BONNET, Pascal
name: ROCHE, Mathieu
name: KIRCHNER, Hélène
Publisher: name: Journal of Interdisciplinary Methodologies and Issues in Science - JIMIS-CNRS-Episciences - ESPACE - Agorantic
Year: 2021
Subjects: Agriculture numérique
Capteurs
Agroécologie et agriculture biologique
Internet of Things
Données d’imagerie et géomatique
Drones
Agriculture et irrigation de précision
Plateformes numériques
Services agro-climatiques
Services nutritionnels
Services de conseil
Aide à la décision
Modélisation
Science des données
Intelligence artificielle
Fouille de données
Analyse d’images
Innovation
Co-conception

description: Confronté à un défi alimentaire majeur et aux évolutions climatiques, l’agriculture de demain doit augmenter ses performances économiques, environnementales et sociales pour contribuer aux objectifs de développement durable. Les nouvelles technologies sont un levier puissant de la révolution attendue pour, au-delà de « l’agriculture de précision » à la ferme, avancer vers une “agroécologie de précision” inscrite dans les territoires et vers plus d’inclusion dans les chaînes de valeur de produits agricoles. Ces enjeux sont particulièrement cruciaux en Afrique subsaharienne où le numérique est déjà au service de l’agriculture africaine. Dans ce contexte, ce numéro spécial dresse un panorama de travaux menés sur la thématique « Agriculture Numérique en Afrique » à travers des recherches pluridisciplinaires qui développent de nouvelles méthodologies intégrant des démarches collaboratives, des infrastructures innovantes ainsi que des approches de sciences des données et de modélisation.
Optical and dc transport properties of a strongly correlated charge density wave system: exact solution in the ordered phase of the spinless Falicov-Kimball model with dynamical mean-field theory
Creators: name: Matveev, O. P.
name: Shvaika, A. M.
name: Freericks, J. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the dynamical mean-field theory equations for transport in an ordered charge-density-wave phase on a bipartite lattice. The formalism is applied to the spinless Falicov-Kimball model on a hypercubic lattice at half filling. We determine the many-body density of states, the dc charge and heat conductivities, and the optical conductivity. Vertex corrections continue to vanish within the ordered phase, but the density of states and the transport coefficients show anomalous behavior due to the rapid development of thermally activated subgap states. We also examine the optical sum rule and sum rules for the first three moments of the Green's functions within the ordered phase and see that the total optical spectral weight in the ordered phase either decreases or increases depending on the strength of the interactions.
description: 14 pages, 14 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. B
Models of the Cosmic Horseshoe Gravitational Lens
Creators: name: Dye, Simon
name: Evans, N. W.
name: Belokurov, V.
name: Warren, S. J.
name: Hewett, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We model the extremely massive and luminous lens galaxy in the Cosmic Horseshoe Einstein ring system, recently discovered in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We use the semi-linear method of Warren & Dye (2003), which pixelises the source surface brightness distribution, to invert the Einstein ring for sets of parameterised lens models. Here, the method is refined by exploiting Bayesian inference to optimise adaptive pixelisation of the source plane and to choose between three differently parameterised models: a singular isothermal ellipsoid, a power law model and a NFW profile. The most probable lens model is the power law with a volume mass density that scales as r^(-1.96+/-0.02) and an axis ratio of ~0.8. The mass within the Einstein ring (i.e., within a cylinder with projected distance of ~30 kpc from the centre of the lens galaxy) is (5.02+/-0.09)*10^12 M_solar, and the mass-to-light ratio is ~30. Even though the lens lies in a group of galaxies, the preferred value of the external shear is almost zero. This makes the Cosmic Horseshoe unique amongst large separation lenses, as almost all the deflection comes from a single, very massive galaxy with little boost from the environment.
description: Accepted by MNRAS. 9 pages, 4 figures
Perception of Insufficient Breast Milk Supply in the United States
Creators: name: Sawatpanich, Arissara
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2024

description: Background: Maternal perception of insufficient breast milk supply (PIMS) is cited as the leading reason for premature breastfeeding discontinuation and formula milk supplementation throughout the world. Achieving better understanding of this issue requires thorough examination of factors that influence PIMS. This dissertation study’s purpose was to comprehensively identify relationships between PIMS and its influencing factors by analyzing data from a large, national sample of individuals in the U.S.
Method: This study consisted of secondary analyses of data from the Infant Feeding Practices Study II (IFPS-II). A total of 1,442 diverse individuals living across the U.S. who reported breastfeeding discontinuation provided the dataset employed. To identify the prevalence of PIMS and factors influencing PIMS, Chi-Square Test, Wilcoxon rank-sum test, Spearman’s rho correlation analysis, Kruskal Wallis test, logistic regression, and Tobit regression analyses were performed.
Results: Among 1,442 respondents to the IFPS-II, 974 (67.55%) reported PIMS as an important reason for their breastfeeding discontinuation. Significant predictors of experiencing PIMS included prolonged time intervals between breastfeeding sessions, less frequent breastfeeding sessions per day, self-reporting that their milk was taking too long to come in, self-reporting that they did not have enough milk in the first 2 weeks postpartum, delayed breastfeeding initiation, prolonged time elapsed until first receiving help with breastfeeding, the baby being fed on a schedule by hospital staff members, and receiving information about infant feeding from the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children after controlling for confounders. In addition, among the 974 respondents who reported stopping breastfeeding due to PIMS, key predictors of PIMS levels included delayed breastfeeding initiation, exclusive formula feeding at hospital discharge, not using a pacifier in the hospital, and perceived high importance of family members’ opinions about infant feeding decisions after controlling for confounders.
Conclusion: This research sheds light on the influence of multifaceted determinants of PIMS, with attention not only to individual factors but also to sociocultural and structural factors. Hence, the findings have implications for multi-level strategies to develop effective, culturally appropriate, and sustainable interventions for PIMS reduction and thus could improve overall breastfeeding outcomes in the U.S.
Conserved quantities, exceptional points, and antilinear symmetries in non-Hermitian systems
Creators: name: Ruzicka, Frantisek
name: Agarwal, Kaustubh S.
name: Joglekar, Yogesh N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over the past two decades, open systems that are described by a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian have become a subject of intense research. These systems encompass classical wave systems with balanced gain and loss, semiclassical models with mode selective losses, and minimal quantum systems, and the meteoric research on them has mainly focused on the wide range of novel functionalities they demonstrate. Here, we address the following questions: Does anything remain constant in the dynamics of such open systems? What are the consequences of such conserved quantities? Through spectral-decomposition method and explicit, recursive procedure, we obtain all conserved observables for general $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric systems. We then generalize the analysis to Hamiltonians with other antilinear symmetries, and discuss the consequences of conservation laws for open systems. We illustrate our findings with several physically motivated examples.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure, for vPHHQP Proceedings in the Journal of Physics: Conference Series
Ferromagnetic redshift of the optical gap in GdN
Creators: name: Trodahl, H. J.
name: Preston, A. R. H.
name: Zhong, J.
name: Ruck, B. J.
name: Strickland, N.
name: Mitra, C.
name: Lambrecht, W. R. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report measurements of the optical gap in a GdN film at temperatures from 300 to 6K, covering both the paramagnetic and ferromagnetic phases. The gap is 1.31eV in the paramagnetic phase and red-shifts to 0.9eV in the spin-split bands below the Curie temperature. The paramagnetic gap is larger than was suggested by very early experiments, and has permitted us to refine a (LSDA+U)-computed band structure. The band structure was computed in the full translation symmetry of the ferromagnetic ground state, assigning the paramagnetic-state gap as the average of the majority- and minority-spin gaps in the ferromagnetic state. That procedure has been further tested by a band structure in a 32-atom supercell with randomly-oriented spins. After fitting only the paramagnetic gap the refined band structure then reproduces our measured gaps in both phases by direct transitions at the X point.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Evolution of tidal disruption candidates discovered by XMM-Newton
Creators: name: Esquej, P.
name: Saxton, R. D.
name: Komossa, S.
name: Read, A. M.
name: Freyberg, M. J.
name: Hasinger, G.
name: Garcia-Hernandez, D. A.
name: Lu, H.
name: Zaurin, J. Rodriguez
name: Sanchez-Portal, M.
name: Zhou, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been demonstrated that active galactic nuclei are powered by gas accretion onto supermassive black holes located at their centres. The paradigm that the nuclei of inactive galaxies are also occupied by black holes was predicted long ago by theory. In the last decade, this conjecture was confirmed by the discovery of giant-amplitude, non-recurrent X-ray flares from such inactive galaxies and explained in terms of outburst radiation from stars tidally disrupted by a dormant supermassive black hole at the nuclei of those galaxies. Due to the scarcity of detected tidal disruption events, the confirmation and follow-up of each new candidate is needed to strengthen the theory through observational data, as well as to shed new light on the characteristics of this type of events. Two tidal disruption candidates have been detected with XMM-Newton during slew observations. Optical and X-ray follow-up, post-outburst observations were performed on these highly variable objects in order to further study their classification and temporal evolution. We show that the detected low-state X-ray emission for these two candidates has properties such that it must still be related to the flare. The X-ray luminosity of the objects decreases according to theoretical predictions for tidal disruption events. At present, optical spectra of the sources do not present any evident signature of the disruption event. In addition, the tidal disruption rate as derived from the XMM-Newton slew survey has been computed and agrees with previous studies.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, A&A accepted
Adiabatic nonlinear probes of one-dimensional Bose gases
Creators: name: De Grandi, C.
name: Barankov, R. A.
name: Polkovnikov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss two complementary problems: adiabatic loading of one-dimensional bosons into an optical lattice and merging two one-dimensional Bose systems. Both problems can be mapped to the sine-Gordon model. This mapping allows us to find power-law scalings for the number of excitations with the ramping rate in the regime where the conventional linear response approach fails. We show that the exponent of this power law is sensitive to the interaction strength. In particular, the response is larger, or less adiabatic, for strongly (weakly) interacting bosons for the loading (merging) problem. Our results illustrate that in general the nonlinear response to slow relevant perturbations can be a powerful tool for characterizing properties of interacting systems.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, final version
Does chronology matter in JIT defect prediction? A Partial Replication Study
Creators: name: Jahanshahi, Hadi
name: Jothimani, Dhanya
name: Başar, Ayşe
name: Cevik, Mucahit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Just-In-Time (JIT) models detect the fix-inducing changes (or defect-inducing changes). These models are designed based on the assumption that past code change properties are similar to future ones. However, as the system evolves, the expertise of developers and/or the complexity of the system also changes. In this work, we aim to investigate the effect of code change properties on JIT models over time. We also study the impact of using recent data as well as all available data on the performance of JIT models. Further, we analyze the effect of weighted sampling on the performance of fix-inducing properties of JIT models. For this purpose, we used datasets from Eclipse JDT, Mozilla, Eclipse Platform, and PostgreSQL. We used five families of change-code properties such as size, diffusion, history, experience, and purpose. We used Random Forest to train and test the JIT model and Brier Score and the area under the ROC curve for performance measurement. Our paper suggests that the predictive power of JIT models does not change over time. Furthermore, we observed that the chronology of data in JIT defect prediction models can be discarded by considering all the available data. On the other hand, the importance score of families of code change properties is found to oscillate over time. To mitigate the impact of the evolution of code change properties, it is recommended to use a weighted sampling approach in which more emphasis is placed upon the changes occurring closer to the current time. Moreover, since properties such as "Expertise of the Developer" and "Size" evolve with time, the models obtained from old data may exhibit different characteristics compared to those employing the newer dataset. Hence, practitioners should constantly retrain JIT models to include fresh data.
Velocity-resolved Reverberation Mapping of Changing-look AGN NGC 2617
Creators: name: Feng, Hai-Cheng.
name: Liu, H. T.
name: Bai, J. M.
name: Yang, Zi-Xu.
name: Hu, Chen.
name: Li, Sha-Sha.
name: Yang, Sen.
name: Lu, Kai-Xing.
name: Xiao, Ming.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: NGC 2617 has attracted a lot of attention after the detection of the changes in spectral type, and its geometry and kinematics of broad-line region (BLR) are still ambiguous. In this paper, we present the high cadence ($\sim$ 2 days) reverberation mapping campaign of NGC 2617 from 2019 October to 2020 May undertaken at Lijiang 2.4 m telescope. For the first time, the velocity-resolved reverberation signature of the object was successfully detected. Both H$α$ and H$β$ show an asymmetrical profile with a peak in the velocity-resolved time lags. For each of both lines, the lag of the line core is longer than those of the relevant wings, and the peak of the velocity-resolved lags is slightly blueshifted. These characteristics are not consistent with the theoretical prediction of the inflow, outflow or Keplerian disk model. Our observations give the time lags ofH$α$, H$β$, H$γ$, and He I, with a ratio of $τ_{\rm{H}α}$:$τ_{\rm{H}β}$:$τ_{\rm{H}γ}$:$τ_{\rm{He~I}}$ = 1.27:1.00:0.89:0.20, which indicates a stratified structure in the BLR of the object. It is the first time that the lags of H$α$ and He I are obtained. Assuming a virial factor of $f$ = 5.5 for dispersion width of line, the masses of black hole derived from H$α$ and H$β$ are $\rm{23.8^{+5.4}_{-2.7}}$ and $\rm{21.1^{+3.8}_{-4.4}} \times 10^{6}M_{\odot}$, respectively. Our observed results indicate the complexity of the BLR of NGC 2617.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJ
Josephson Junctions Via Anodization of Epitaxial Al on an InAs Heterostructure
Creators: name: Jouan, A.
name: Witt, J. D. S.
name: Gardner, G. C.
name: Thomas, C.
name: Lindemann, T.
name: Gronin, S.
name: Manfra, M. J.
name: Reilly, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We combine electron beam lithography and masked anodization of epitaxial aluminium to define tunnel junctions via selective oxidation, alleviating the need for wet-etch processing or direct deposition of dielectric materials. Applying this technique to define Josephson junctions in proximity induced superconducting Al-InAs heterostructures, we observe multiple Andreev reflections in transport experiments, indicative of a high quality junction. We further compare the mobility and density of Hall-bars defined via wet etching and anodization. These results may find utility in uncovering new fabrication approaches to junction-based qubit platforms.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Dual Pointer Network for Fast Extraction of Multiple Relations in a Sentence
Creators: name: Park, Seongsik
name: Kim, Harksoo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Relation extraction is a type of information extraction task that recognizes semantic relationships between entities in a sentence. Many previous studies have focused on extracting only one semantic relation between two entities in a single sentence. However, multiple entities in a sentence are associated through various relations. To address this issue, we propose a relation extraction model based on a dual pointer network with a multi-head attention mechanism. The proposed model finds n-to-1 subject-object relations using a forward object decoder. Then, it finds 1-to-n subject-object relations using a backward subject decoder. Our experiments confirmed that the proposed model outperformed previous models, with an F1-score of 80.8% for the ACE-2005 corpus and an F1-score of 78.3% for the NYT corpus.
Global and regional brain metabolic scaling and its functional consequences
Creators: name: Karbowski, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Background: Information processing in the brain requires large amounts of metabolic energy, the spatial distribution of which is highly heterogeneous reflecting complex activity patterns in the mammalian brain. Results: Here, it is found based on empirical data that, despite this heterogeneity, the volume-specific cerebral glucose metabolic rate of many different brain structures scales with brain volume with almost the same exponent around -0.15. The exception is white matter, the metabolism of which seems to scale with a standard specific exponent -1/4. The scaling exponents for the total oxygen and glucose consumptions in the brain in relation to its volume are identical and equal to $0.86\pm 0.03$, which is significantly larger than the exponents 3/4 and 2/3 suggested for whole body basal metabolism on body mass. Conclusions: These findings show explicitly that in mammals (i) volume-specific scaling exponents of the cerebral energy expenditure in different brain parts are approximately constant (except brain stem structures), and (ii) the total cerebral metabolic exponent against brain volume is greater than the much-cited Kleiber's 3/4 exponent. The neurophysiological factors that might account for the regional uniformity of the exponents and for the excessive scaling of the total brain metabolism are discussed, along with the relationship between brain metabolic scaling and computation.
description: Brain metabolism scales with its mass well above 3/4 exponent
EFFECT OF VARIABLE LOAD ON ELECTRICAL NETWORKS
Creators: name: Sharobiddinov, Mirzokhid
name: Eshquziev, Khurshidjon
name: Zoxidov, Iqboljon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Today’s system operators face the big challenge of constructing simulation of systems that make efficient select of generation resources under variable load profiles. This paper describes the effect of maximum loads generated by various electricity consumers on electric networks is studied. Recently, the demand for energy consumption and their types, situations in the graph of loads, methods of eliminating the maximum points have been studied. The effect of alternating loads on the quality of electricity and low-voltage devices is discussed. In order to solve this problem rural property and population consumption have a positive effect on lowering loads on power grids during peak load times using more alternative energy sources.
Towards Offloadable and Migratable Microservices on Disaggregated Architectures: Vision, Challenges, and Research Roadmap
Creators: name: Lu, Xiaoyi
name: Kashyap, Arjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Microservice and serverless computing systems open up massive versatility and opportunity to distributed and datacenter-scale computing. In the meantime, the deployments of modern datacenter resources are moving to disaggregated architectures. With the flourishing growths from both sides, we believe this is high time to write this vision paper to propose a potential research agenda to achieve efficient deployments, management, and executions of next-generation microservices on top of the emerging disaggregated datacenter architectures. In particular, we envision a critical systems research direction of designing and developing offloadable and migratable microservices on disaggregated architectures. With this vision, we have surveyed the recent related work to demonstrate the importance and necessity of researching it. We also outline the fundamental challenges that distributed systems and datacenter-scale computing research may encounter. We further propose a research roadmap to achieve our envisioned objectives in a promising way. Within the roadmap, we identify potential techniques and methods that can be leveraged.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, WORDS'21, co-located with ASPLOS'21
The ABCs of ROR: Understanding and Using Open Identifiers for Affiliations
Creators: name: Gould, Maria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Research Organization Registry (ROR) IDs are a key component of open and interoperable research infrastructure and are already being integrated in many systems to collect and disambiguate affiliation data. However, as ROR is relatively new, many current and potential stakeholders could still benefit from learning the basics about what ROR is trying to do and how ROR IDs can be used. This PIDs 101 session on ROR will provide audience members with clear and helpful guidance on what a ROR ID is (and what it is not), how to look up organizations in ROR, how to run basic API queries in ROR, how to make suggestions for changes to ROR, how to implement ROR in research systems, and how ROR relates to other identifiers like DOIs and ORCID.
Modification of Born impurity scattering near the surface of d-wave superconductors and influence of external magnetic field
Creators: name: Zare, A.
name: Markowsky, A.
name: Dahm, T.
name: Schopohl, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the influence of Born impurity scattering on the zero-energy Andreev bound states near the surface of a d-wave superconductor with and without an externally applied magnetic field. Without an external magnetic field we show that the effect of Born impurity scattering is stronger at the surface than in the bulk. In the presence of an external magnetic field the splitting of the zero-energy Andreev bound states is shown to have a nonmonotonous temperature dependence. Born impurity scattering does not wash out the peak splitting, but instead the peak splitting is shown to be quite robust against impurities. We also show that a nonzero gap renormalization appears near the surface.
description: 9 pages, 17 figures; minor changes; new figure 11; accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
Learning the tuned liquid damper dynamics by means of a robust EKF
Creators: name: Longhini, Alberta
name: Perbellini, Michele
name: Gottardi, Stefano
name: Yi, Shenglun
name: Liu, Hao
name: Zorzi, Mattia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The tuned liquid dampers (TLD) technology is a feasible and cost-effective seismic design. In order to improve its efficiency it is fundamental to find accurate models describing their dynamic. A TLD system can be modeled through the Housner model and its parameters can be estimated by solving a nonlinear state estimation problem. We propose a robust extended Kalman filter which alleviates the model discretization and the fact that the noise process is not known. We test the effectiveness of the proposed approach by using some experimental data corresponding to two classical seismic waves, namely the El Centro wave and the Hachinohe wave.
El abecedario de ROR: Identificadores abiertos para las organizaciones
Creators: name: Gould, Maria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Los identificadores del ROR (Research Organization Registry / Registro de Organizaciones de Investigación), son un componente principal de la infraestructura abierta. Los ROR IDs ya existen en varios sistemas para identificar las afiliaciones institucionales. Puesto que el proyecto de ROR aún está joven, se necesita comunicar a los usuarios e interesados potenciales más información sobre qué es ROR y cómo se usa. En esta presentación de "PIDs 101," vamos a explicar lo que es (y no es) un "ROR ID," cuál es la relación entre ROR y otros identificadores como DOI y ORCID, y como se puede buscar en el registro, manipular (de manera básica) el ROR API, proponer que el registro haga cambios, integrar los ROR IDs en sistemas de investigación.