cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A randomized trial of Plasma-Lyte A and 0.9 % sodium chloride in acute pediatric gastroenteritis
Creators: name: Allen, Coburn H.
name: Goldman, Ran D.
name: Bhatt, Seema
name: Simon, Harold K.
name: Gorelick, Marc H.
name: Spandorfer, Philip R.
name: Spiro, David M.
name: Mace, Sharon E.
name: Johnson, David W.
name: Higginbotham, Eric A.
name: Du, Hongyan
name: Smyth, Brendan J.
name: Schermer, Carol R.
name: Goldstein, Stuart L.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2018

description: Background: Compare the efficacy and safety of Plasma-Lyte A (PLA) versus 0.9 % sodium chloride (NaCl) intravenous (IV) fluid replacement in children with moderate to severe dehydration secondary to acute gastroenteritis (AGE). Methods: Prospective, randomized, double-blind study conducted at eight pediatric emergency departments (EDs) in the US and Canada (NCT#01234883). The primary outcome measure was serum bicarbonate level at 4 h. Secondary outcomes included safety and tolerability. The hypothesis was that PLA would be superior to 0.9 % NaCl in improvement of 4-h bicarbonate. Patients (n = 100) aged ≥6 months to <11 years with AGE-induced moderate-to-severe dehydration were enrolled. Patients with a baseline bicarbonate level ≤22 mEq/L formed the modified intent to treat (mITT) group. Results: At baseline, the treatment groups were comparable except that the PLA group was older. At hour 4, the PLA group had greater increases in serum bicarbonate from baseline than did the 0.9 % NaCl group (mean ± SD at 4 h: 18 ± 3.74 vs 18.0 ± 3.67; change from baseline of 1.6 and 0.0, respectively; P = .004). Both treatment groups received similar fluid volumes. The PLA group had less abdominal pain and better dehydration scores at hour 2 (both P = .03) but not at hour 4 (P = 0.15 and 0.08, respectively). No patient experienced clinically relevant worsening of laboratory findings or physical examination, and hospital admission rates were similar. One patient in each treatment group developed hyponatremia. Four patients developed hyperkalemia (PLA:1, 0.9 % NaCl:3). Conclusion: In comparison with 0.9 % NaCl, PLA for rehydration in children with AGE was well tolerated and led to more rapid improvement in serum bicarbonate and dehydration score. Trial registration NCT#01234883 (Registration Date: November 3, 2010).
The inclusion ofEnvironmental concerns in the development of Biofuel Policies for Transport
Creators: name: Figueroa, Maria Josefina
Publisher: name: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Year: 2009

description: Biofuels are providing an increasing percentage of the transportation fuel in Europe. The reference value given for a potential expected market increase has been 5 % by the end of 2010, presumably half of this increase would need to be supplied by trade and international biofuel markets according to the European Commission. An important question that needs addressing is whether international trade on biofuels for transport can be developed in a way that is socially and environmentally sustainable. This paper attempts to provide an initial answer to this question. The paper provides a comparative review of the characterization and accounting of environmental impacts of biofuel production, distribution and consumption that informs the development of local policies and decisions about import/export capabilities in selected countries. The paper consists primarily on a summary report on the findings of a desk-study review of official national published reports, websites, and comparative international studies. The scope of the search considered general assessment on biofuels published in at least three European countries, international organizations and a couple of other main biofuel producer/consumers (US, Brazil). The findings are grouped in categories: regarding the assumptions and emphasis given in each country/study, listing the environmental implications considered and the development of frameworks to handle the sustainability impacts of biofuel production. The results seek to highlight critical findings and compare diverse policy development in terms of areas of emphasis, emerging concepts, use of frameworks for analysis of environmental impacts, setting of targets and conditions for sustainability. The study reveals that significant uncertainty remains in methodologies and factors used to assess environmental impacts.– including calculations of GHG and energy balances. Further development of the life-cycle assessment tool for biofuels is essential specifically to give greater attention to subjects such as human, social and ecological health, biodiversity and land changes, all of which need to be featuring as prominently in the assessment as the concerns about climate change and resource depletion. The need for the emergence of new institutions at the local level that can give credibility to monitoring efforts and global implementation of stringent sustainability standards for biofuel production, distribution and consumption appears to be one of the greatest and more difficult challenges that needs addressing.
description: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University, Vol. 1 No. 1 (2009): Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Agent-oriented software analysis
Creators: name: Chan, Kevin
name: Sterling, Leon
name: Karunasekera, Shanika
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Agent-oriented Software Engineering (AOSE) has become an active area of research in recent years. In this paper, we look at the use of agent-oriented concepts for software analysis. Using agent-oriented analysis may offer benefits even if the system is implemented without an agent-based language or framework (e.g. using an object-oriented detailed design and language). We examine the software analysis components of a number of existing agent-oriented methodologies. We discuss the benefits that can be gained by using agent-oriented concepts, and where the concepts require further development. Based on this analysis, we present the agent-oriented methodology that we are developing, and describe an example of how it may be applied for software analysis.
Nachrichten
Creators: name: Jordan, Rolf
Publisher: name: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog
Year: 2018

description: Nachrichten aus der Region.
description: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog, Bd. 25 Nr. 3 (2009): 1-2-3, letzte Chance vorbei? Lebenschancen in Südostasien
NO2 virkemiddelkatalog - virkemidler til begrænsning af overskridelser af NO grænseværdien for luftkvalitet i større danske byer
Creators: name: Jensen, Steen Solvang
name: Ketzel, Matthias
Publisher: name: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Year: 2009

description: Der er problemer med at overholde kvælstofdioxid (NO2) grænseværdien som årsmiddelværdi i de større danske byer og især i København. DMU har derfor for Miljøstyrelsen gennemført en vurdering af en bredere vifte af mulige tiltag i form af et virkemiddelkatalog for nedbringelse af NO2 forureningen. Der er vurderet 9 forskellige virkemidler af forskellige hovedtyper: teknologikrav i tilknytning til miljøzoner, trafikplanlægning samt økonomiske virkemidler. Luftkvalitetsberegninger er gennemført for 138 trafikerede gadestrækninger i København og Frederiksberg ved brug af gadeluftkvalitetsmodellen Operational Street Pollution Model (OSPM) og bybaggrundsmodellen Urban Background Model (UBM).
description: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University, Vol. 1 No. 1 (2009): Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Platz ist in der kleinsten Hütte: Religiöse Gruppen in Singapur – Zwischen Interessenkonflikt und Anpassung
Creators: name: Wieczorek, Nina
Publisher: name: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog
Year: 2018

description: Viele Besucher fragen sich angesichts der verschiedensten Gaben nicht selten irritiert: Was machen traditionell chinesische Opfergaben in einem Hindu-Tempel?
description: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog, Bd. 25 Nr. 3 (2009): 1-2-3, letzte Chance vorbei? Lebenschancen in Südostasien
What the human resources future holds for New Zealand organizations: some research findings
Creators: name: du Plessis, A. J.
name: Maritz, Alex
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Rapidly changing technologies, global pressure and intense competition initiated fundamental changes in New Zealand organisations. One can say that the emphasis moved from economising to adding value because stakeholders are demanding quality and cost effective products. The competitors on the other hand are globally demanding level playing fields across cultures. The multiple stakeholders are questioning the traditional hierarchical structures and demarcations of activities, functions, responsibilities, authority and effectiveness of organisations. To accommodate these multiple stakeholders' needs and interests, changes are then implemented. New Zealand organisations are no longer constrained by geographical boundaries in the sharing of information and resources. Internal complexity implies that New Zealand businesses should focus on strategic planning, line management's responsibilities, the relationships with the employees, including a concern with the societal issues outside the organisation. Businesses should address diversity in their labour force and manage it to the benefit of the organisation. Diversity allows people to stay true to the identity of their culture, heritage and themselves. A business has to accommodate and integrate various group and individual differences and norms with the goal of improving the business. The traditional roles of managers and the role and responsibilities of human resources managers must change in the future. As change agents and leaders they will have to implement all the programmes and practices for these changes to stay globally competitive.
Bilen og det sociale liv – er vi på vej mod en ’post-car-future’?
Creators: name: Nielsen, Lise Drewes
Publisher: name: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Year: 2009

description: I sin bog Mobilities gør John Urry (2007) status for flere års samfundsvidenskabelige forskning i mobilitet. Hidtil har denne forskning forsøgt at forklare, hvorledes sammenhænge mellem mobilitet, transport og det sociale liv har udspillet sig i de seneste årtier i de postmoderne samfund. I et sidste meget interessant kapitel åbner Urry imidlertid op for, at vi måske er ved at være ved et vendepunkt (tipping point) for den udvikling af teknologi og systemer, der hidtil har båret mobilitet og transport i det moderne samfund: automobiliteten og bilismen. Argumentationen er videreført i bogen After the car (Dennis & Urry 2008). Disse betragtninger har dannet udgangspunkt for denne artikel. Når jeg skal vurdere fremtiden for bilismen og som her forsøge at nærme mig spørgsmålet, om der findes en ’post-car future’ er der en række spørgsmål, som skal besvares. Jeg vil dele dem op i tre typer: Hvorfor har bilismen så godt tag i det moderne liv? Hvorfor er det så svært at tage livtag med bilismen? Er vi på vej mod en ’post-car-future’?1 Bilen er i dag en hverdagsteknologi, som langt de fleste af os betjener os af i det daglige. Det drejer sig om den private bil, om lastbiler og varevogne, om busser og taxaer. Da bilen kom ind i det sociale liv åbnede den en række nye muligheder for samfundets udvikling, for det sociale liv, for planlægningen og for vore prioriteringer. Vi blev langt mindre afhængige af tid og sted, fleksibiliteten blev øget og vi fik større muligheder for at bevæge os over længere afstande og med større frekvenser. Men bilismen har et janusansigt og bagsiderne er velkendte. Bilismen har en lang række negative eksterne konsekvenser for vores miljø. De mest anerkendt er ulykker, støj og forurening. Men måske har bilismen også en bagside i forhold til vores sociale liv, vores måde at omgås, vores tidsopfattelser og vore fællesskaber? (Baumann 2000; 2001). Disse modsatrettede holdninger til bilismen kalder vi bilismens ambivalenser (Malene Freudendal-Pedersen 2007). De lever i os alle på det individuelle plan og de lever i det politiske og i det samfundsmæssige. Vi har delte meninger om bilismen. Nogle er inkarnerede modstandere af bilismen, andre er inkarnerede tilhængere af bilismen. Men derimellem findes de mange ambivalente, der både ser bilismens fordele og ulemper.
description: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University, Vol. 1 No. 1 (2009): Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Understanding Chinese to English Translation through the Compilation and Analysis of a Chinese-English Parallel Corpus (ZHEN)
Creators: name: Gu, Yi
Publisher: name: University of Surrey
Year: 2023

description: Chinese-English parallel corpora mainly comprise English source texts translated into Chinese, leaving a significant gap for investigating the Chinese-to-English translation direction. This thesis aims to fill this gap by building a parallel corpus named ZHEN, which contains approximately one million characters of contemporary simplified Chinese source texts aligned with authentic translations into English.

description:

description: The first objective of this thesis is to demonstrate the utility of ZHEN in descriptive translation studies by addressing Chinese-to-English translation questions. Three corpus-driven analyses were conducted. The first analysis compared the Chinese subcorpus of ZHEN with a general non-translated simplified Chinese corpus to investigate the types of Chinese texts selected for translation. The second analysis compared the English subcorpus of ZHEN with a non-translated English corpus to examine lexical and discourse differences between English translated from Chinese and non-translated English. The third analysis used parallel concordances to identify Chinese-to-English translation problems.

description:

description: Several significant findings emerged from the study. Firstly, it revealed significant differences between Chinese external and internal communications, influenced by ideology. Secondly, the use of adverbs and modal verbs differed dramatically between the non-translated English corpus and the translated English corpus from Chinese. Lastly, the study demonstrated that investing in parallel concordances and collocations can assist in translating culture-specific goods from Chinese to English.

description:

description: Overall, this thesis addresses the lack of under-resourced Chinese-to-English translation direction by building a parallel corpus and provides insights into the challenges and opportunities of Chinese-to-English translation.
Nachrichten
Creators: name: Grubauer, Ariane
name: Dambon, Svenja
Publisher: name: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog
Year: 2018

description: Nachrichten aus der Region.
description: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog, Bd. 25 Nr. 3 (2009): 1-2-3, letzte Chance vorbei? Lebenschancen in Südostasien
Dengue virus antagonism of the Aedes aegypti IMD immune response.
Creators: name: Wallace, Louisa Elizabeth
Publisher: name: University of Surrey
Year: 2020

description: Dengue virus (DENV) is the most significant arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus) of humans, primarily transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Currently there are no specific therapeutics and the existing vaccine exhibits limited efficacy. Therefore, vector control remains the best approach to manage disease spread. We previously demonstrated that DENV-2 infection does not induce innate immunodeficiency (IMD) signalling in the Ae. aegypti Aag2 cell line, recapitulating in vivo data from other groups. Furthermore, prior infection with DENV-2 reduces IMD signalling activation by classical immune stimuli. This project aimed to identify DENV-2 antagonist(s) responsible for this immune inhibition using an RT-qPCR-based screening platform in which IMD signalling is stimulated in cells expressing DENV-2 proteins individually. Our results identified NS4A as a tentative antagonist, which can now be used to enhance our understanding of Ae. aegypti antiviral immunity by investigating virus-host interactions. The study of vector immunity is hampered by the lack of tools such as antibodies and cell lines. Our group previously created CRISPR-Cas9 knockout Aag2 cell lines, which lack genes essential in the innate immune pathways. These knockout cell lines were created from clonally selected Aag2 cells derived from the heterogeneous parental cell line, and this report also describes the final characterisation of these clones. Results confirm that the cells are embryonic in origin, which confounded our sex analysis. Aag2 clones were confirmed to be persistently infected insect-specific viruses, cell fusing agent virus and Phasi Charoen-like virus. Transfection efficiencies were also determined for the clones of interest. Finally, mutations introduced by CRISPR-Cas9 were characterised in cells derived from one of the clonally selected lines, with one clone identified as the intended mutant, however the IMD pathway-deficient cell clones were determined as wild type. Ultimately insights into vector antiviral immunity may contribute towards development of transmission-incompetent mosquitoes, thereby reducing the global burden of dengue.
Nytte av tiltak for universell utforming i kollektivtransporten
Creators: name: Fearnley, Nils
name: Leiren, Merethe Dotterud
name: Skollerud, Kåre H.
name: Aarhaug, Jørgen
Publisher: name: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Year: 2009

description: Universell utforming betyr at hovedløsningen skal kunne benyttes av alle – uansett forutsetninger. For kollektivtransport gjelder det at hvert ledd i en reisekjede skal være utformet slik at kollektivtransportsystemet er tilgjengelig for alle. Denne artikkelen dokumenterer at tiltak for universell utforming i stor grad oppfattes som generell kvalitetsheving av kollektivtilbudet og i mindre grad som spesialløsninger for funksjonshemmede. Dermed kan slike tiltak vurderes på linje med andre tiltak for bedre kollektivtransport i samfunnsøkonomisk nyttekostnadsanalyser, noe som hittil ikke har vært vanlig.
description: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University, Vol. 1 No. 1 (2009): Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
"She Didn't Know Me From Adam and I Didn't Know Her From Eve." An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Queer Clients' Experience of Finding a Therapist and Beginning Therapy.
Creators: name: Maguire, Amy.
Publisher: name: University of Surrey
Year: 2013

description: This is a portfolio of academic, therapeutic and research work. The portfolio comprises a selection of work that has been submitted as part of the requirement for the Practitioner Doctorate in Counselling Psychology. It aims to demonstrate my personal and professional development during my four years of training. The Academic Dossier contains three essays selected from a range of theoretical subjects that have been covered during my training. The first essay explores the concept of boundaries within psychodynamic theory and practice. The second essay examines the role of distraction within a cognitive behavioural perspective. This essay attempts to highlight the complexity, challenges and benefits of using distraction, with the aim of enriching clinical practice. The third essay considers an understanding of self-harm from an attachment perspective, whilst critiquing the use of classification systems. These three essays emphasise flexibility, creativity and the importance of the therapeutic relationship, thus drawing on a relational framework. The Therapeutic Dossier aims to capture and convey my clinical experiences during training. It contains a description of my four clinical placements and concludes with my ‘Final Clinical Paper’. This paper provides an account of my personal and professional development towards becoming a Counselling Psychologist. Finally, the Research Dossier contains a literature review and two qualitative research reports. The literature review focuses on the role of trust in an individual’s decision to engage in therapy. The first research report is an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis that examines how sexual-minority clients experience finding a therapist and engaging in therapy with them, an experience that proved to be inextricably linked with a developing therapeutic relationship. The second research report uses Thematic Analysis to explore how sexual-minority clients experience the decision to prematurely terminate therapy due to a dissatisfying therapeutic experience. The implications for counselling psychology and therapeutic practice are emphasised throughout these two reports.
Examining the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for the wellbeing of people with Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Creators: name: MALONEY, CIARA JORDAN
Publisher: name: University of Surrey
Year: 2021

description: "Background. The psychological impact of chronic conditions on patients has been the subject of much research to date, with findings suggesting a detrimental effect on wellbeing. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is a psychological treatment that is increasingly being used with people who have long-term health conditions. The effectiveness of ACT for promoting wellbeing for people with MS has been the source of multiple research projects to date but there has not yet been a meta-analysis conducted on the effect of ACT on the wellbeing of people with MS. Therefore, this study aims to conduct a meta-analysis to review the evidence examining the effects of ACT for the wellbeing of people with MS.
description: Method. A systematic review of the literature was conducted, identifying nine studies for review inclusion and seven studies that were eligible to be included in meta-analysis. Eligibility was determined by being either Randomised Control Trials/Controlled Trials, being outcome or mediation/ moderation studies, including only participants with a diagnosis of MS, and papers in English. An assessment was conducted using a quality appraisal tool to identify risks of bias within the final studies selected for review.
description: Results. The meta-analytic results suggest that ACT interventions can have some significant positive impact on symptoms of depression, stress, and psychological flexibility but results were not significant for anxiety and impact of MS on daily living. More general review findings suggest that ACT may be effective in improving quality of life, life expectancy, pain, fatigue, aggression and resilience. The risk of bias was assessed to be high for the majority of studies.
description: Discussion. This meta-analysis is the first to be conducted investigating the impact of ACT-based interventions on the wellbeing of people with MS. Future research targets and clinical recommendations are proposed. Finally, limitations of the current review as well as the quality of research incorporated for review are discussed. "
Zwischen Reisfeld und Fabrik – Die wenigen Optionen indigener Lohnarbeiter vom Land
Creators: name: Göpel, Raphael
Publisher: name: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog
Year: 2018

description: Nichts ist zu merken von der Vision 2020, nach der Malaysia in jenem Jahr ein vollentwickelter Industriestaat werden soll. Im malaysischen Teil Borneos sind die Menschen arm und Arbeit gibt's kaum.
description: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog, Bd. 25 Nr. 3 (2009): 1-2-3, letzte Chance vorbei? Lebenschancen in Südostasien
Ausgleichende Ungerechtigkeit – Die Grenzen ethnischer Präferenzpolitik in Malaysia
Creators: name: Beuchling, Olaf
Publisher: name: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog
Year: 2018

description: Kann eine Politik, die gezielt bestimmte Kategorien von Personen wegen ihrer Zugehörigkeit benachteiligt, eine gerechtere Gesellschaft schaffen? Viele würden diese Frage intuitiv verneinen. Doch die Intuition des Commonsense widerspricht vielerorts den politischen Gepflogenheiten.
description: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog, Bd. 25 Nr. 3 (2009): 1-2-3, letzte Chance vorbei? Lebenschancen in Südostasien
Trafikmodeller til brug for analyse af transport i Øresundsregionen
Creators: name: Hansen, Christian Overgård
name: Sachse, Carsten
Publisher: name: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Year: 2009

description: I 2008 startede Projektet ”Infrastruktur- og Byudvikling Øresund” (IBU), som skal udrede spørgsmål vedrørende den fremtidige infrastruktur og transport i Øresundsregionen. Der findes i dag ingen tra- fikmodel, som alene kan håndtere analysebehovet. Nærværende artikel beskriver eksisterende danske, svenske og europæiske trafikmodeller, som vurderes relevante i forhold til brug ved analyser i IBU- projektet. På baggrund af en vurdering af fordele og ulemper i forhold til modellernes anvendelse i IBU-projektet anbefales det, at belyse den lokale og regionale persontrafik i Øresundsregionen med udgangspunkt i den svenske nationale trafikmodel (SAMPERS) og trafikmodellen for Hovedstads- området i Danmark (OTM). Artiklen beskriver, hvorledes de to modeller kan kombineres og udvides til at dække Region Skåne og Østdanmark. Den europæiske trafikmodel TRANS-TOOLS anbefales til beskrivelse af den internationale persontrafik, hvorimod godsmodellen for Øresundsregionen (GORM) forslås anvendt til analyse af godstransport.
description: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University, Vol. 1 No. 1 (2009): Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
UNDERSTANDING THE INTERACTIONS OF AFRICAN SWINE FEVER VIRUS WITH DENDRITIC CELLS AND THE ADAPTIVE IMMUNE RESPONSE
Creators: name: NASH, RACHEL HARRIET
Publisher: name: University of Surrey
Year: 2021

description: "African swine fever virus (ASFV) causes a haemorrhagic fever in pigs for which there is no vaccine. ASFV infects macrophages (MΦ) in vivo, a professional antigen-presenting cell (APC) crucial for the adaptive and innate immune response to pathogens. Dendritic cells (DCs) are another professional APC, however their role during ASFV infection is unclear and are a key focus of this project.
description: The response of lymphocytes and APCs was assessed in vivo in both inbred and outbred animals, highlighting differences in the immune response in inbred animals, indicating a potential influence of the inbred nature of these animals in the development of a protective immune response to ASFV. The frequency and phenotype of DCs was also assessed over time, after in vivo inoculation with attenuated ASFV and challenge with virulent ASFV. Individual DC subsets expressed viral proteins in infected pigs and modulated surface expression of host proteins involved in antigen presentation which may influence the induction of a protective immune response in ASFV infection.
description: To complement this in vivo approach, the susceptibility of enriched blood DC and monocyte subsets to infection with virulent or attenuated ASFV was tested in vitro. Due to the fragile and rare nature of blood DCs, monocyte-derived DCs (MoDCs), and MΦs (MoMΦs) were assessed as a potential model system to study DC and MΦ interactions with ASFV in vitro. MoDCs were slightly less susceptible to infection with virulent OURT88/1 compared to MoMΦs, while being equally susceptible to attenuated OURT88/3. OURT88/3 infection reduced the phagocytic ability of MoDCs and MoMΦs, while OURT88/1 infection did not, reflecting a potential maturation following OURT88/3 infection. This data demonstrates susceptibility and differential responses of DCs to virulent and attenuated ASFV isolates and support DCs as playing a role in determining protective immunity induced by attenuated ASFV."
Nachrichten
Creators: name: Hesse, Lisa
Publisher: name: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog
Year: 2018

description: Nachrichten aus der Region.
description: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog, Bd. 25 Nr. 3 (2009): 1-2-3, letzte Chance vorbei? Lebenschancen in Südostasien
How do adult men experience and respond to norms of masculinity and what part (if any) does resistance play in their wellbeing?
Creators: name: Gulliver-Terry, Amy
Publisher: name: University of Surrey
Year: 2020

description: Introduction: Research indicates detrimental implications for conforming to masculine norms on psychological well-being, mental health and psychological help seeking in men. However, research predominately focuses on measuring levels of adherence and non-adherence to these norms. This implies a passive process of men’s gender socialisation, which is inconsistent with the social constructivist position which dominates masculinity theory. Less is known about men’s active role in their socialisation and how active resistance to masculine norms might impact well-being. This research explored the question: How do adult men experience and respond to norms of masculinity and what part (if any) does resistance play in their well-being? Method: In depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight White British males between the ages of 25-40 to explore their understanding of societal conceptualisations of masculinity, their own relationship to masculinity, and their experience of resistance to traditional masculinity and implications this may have for their well-being. Results: Five themes emerged from the data: Traditional Masculinity is Understood by All; Relationship with Traditional Masculinity is Not Universally Shared; Societal change creates pressure for change on masculinity; There are costs and benefits to specific masculine norms; and The Gap between the Authentic self and The Masculine Mask. Conclusions: Participants linked Traditional Masculinity (TM) with detrimental impacts for emotional and social well-being. They discussed wanting to resist elements of TM but felt pressure from male peers to conform to TM. Participants discussed this disparity as a gap between their authentic self and outward behaviour when in male dominated environments. Clinical implications include: how restrictive emotionality can be recognised and addressed during interventions; use of humanistic approaches to address self-alienation and increase authentic self-identity; and taking a Positive Psychology Positive Masculinity approach.
Lernen, lernen, lernen! – Soziale Aufstiegschancen und der thailändische Arbeitsmarkt
Creators: name: Walsh, John
Publisher: name: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog
Year: 2018

description: Von jeher haben die sozialen Unterschiede in Thailand dazu geführt, dass arme Menschen kaum Möglichkeiten haben, ihren sozialen Status zu verbessern. Bis heute ist der Mangel an sozialer Mobilität spürbar.
description: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog, Bd. 25 Nr. 3 (2009): 1-2-3, letzte Chance vorbei? Lebenschancen in Südostasien
Localisation and Optimal Mitigation of Sampling Error in Ensemble Data Assimilation
Creators: name: ATKINSON, REBECCA SUSANNE
Publisher: name: University of Surrey
Year: 2022

description: Ensemble methods are widely used in data assimilation for numerical weather prediction. These methods utilize sample covariance matrices that are subject to sampling error, which is commonly addressed by application of a localisation. The form of the localisation is usually ad-hoc. This thesis develops a series of theoretically optimal localisations based on statistics of the state sampling processes. The theoretical localisations are: (a) Optimal localisation for a Single True Covariance (OSTC); (b) Optimal localisation for a Variable True Covariance (OVTC) which includes knowledge of the climatology; and (c) Hybrid Optimal localisation for a Variable True Covariance (HOVTC) which damps the difference from the mean gain/covariance as opposed to the gain/covariance itself. The optimal localisations are computed to optimise the direct localisation of either the background error covariance or the Kalman gain for assimilating a single observation. The performances of the theoretical localisations are compared to a tuned Gaussian localisation in a series of ideal scenarios where the sampling processes that generate the states are known.
description: The scenarios used to test the localisation include; a Gaussian shaped covariance model and three scenarios of increasing complexity based on 1D geostrophic balance. Localisation can introduce additional imbalance into the analysis state so investigations explore the impact of the localisations on the balance.
description: Results have shown that the theoretical localisations perform comparably to or better than the Gaussian localisation for single observation assimilation but break down for dense observations. HOVTC localisation is shown to outperform traditional forms of localisation in the single observation cases. HOVTC localisation introduces less imbalance than OVTC localisation. It is shown that neither directly optimising the gain nor the covariance are ideal as it is desirable to optimise the gain whilst applying localisation in the numerator and denominator of the gain. In the Gaussian model experiments, a tuned hybrid localisation is proposed based on the form of the optimal hybrid localisation and this is shown to perform well in all ranges of observation density and assimilation strengths.
description: The thesis explores the factors that affect the form and performance of the optimal localisation. It shows that theoretically derived localisations can produce improved assimilation performance for a range of observation densities and assimilation strengths. Finally, it shows that studying the optimal localisation can inform the improvement of localisation regimes for more complex models.
Doing more for less in changing times: exploring the motivations, contributions, and experiences of police support volunteers
Creators: name: Pepper, Melissa
Publisher: name: University of Surrey
Year: 2020

description: Police Support Volunteers (PSVs) are citizens who give their time freely to perform tasks that complement the duties of police officers and staff. Emerging over the last 25 years or so, PSVs feature in every police service in England and Wales, carrying out a range of tasks including administration, front counter duties, and community engagement activities. However, the evidence base around PSVs is distinctly underdeveloped with little in the way of empirical studies. This PhD study seeks to expand the currently narrow field of research through the first focused study of PSVs in the Metropolitan Police Service. The study considers the motivations of PSVs and influence these have on their experiences. It goes on to explore PSVs’ contributions, the importance they attach to ‘being useful’, the experiences they have alongside officers and staff, and the extent to which they feel recognised and valued for their time. Finally, the study turns to the organisation itself – the infrastructure in place to support, manage, develop, and involve PSVs – features that are recognised as central to volunteer experiences. Maximising opportunities for the police service and community to capitalise on the benefits of a police workforce that includes PSVs – engagement, communication, innovation, and a source of labour, skills, and expertise – requires a more developed understanding of the issues explored in this study. Indeed, failing to build such an evidence base to guide the involvement of volunteers, at best, risks oversight of the value that PSVs bring – at worst, the reputation of both volunteers and the police organisation. The study concludes with a call to rethink the way volunteers are involved in policing, reassign tasks, and reimagine the PSV within a landscape where the police service is faced with changing priorities and demands to do ‘more for less’.
Vertrieben aber nicht allein – Verwandtschaftsbeziehungen als Überlebenschance
Creators: name: Elsing, Sarah
Publisher: name: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog
Year: 2018

description: Die Autorin gelangte bei ihren Feldforschungen zu neuen Einsichten über die Karen an der thai-burmesischen Grenze.
description: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog, Bd. 25 Nr. 3 (2009): 1-2-3, letzte Chance vorbei? Lebenschancen in Südostasien
Probiotics: Prevention of Severe Pneumonia and Endotracheal Colonization Trial—PROSPECT: a pilot trial
Creators: name: Cook, Deborah J.
name: Johnstone, Jennie
name: Marshall, John C.
name: Lauzier, Francois
name: Thabane, Lehana
name: Mehta, Sangeeta
name: Dodek, Peter M.
name: McIntyre, Lauralyn
name: Pagliarello, Joe
name: Henderson, William
name: Taylor, Robert W.
name: Cartin-Ceba, Rodrigo
name: Golan, Eyal
name: Herridge, Margaret
name: Wood, Gordon
name: Ovakim, Daniel
name: Karachi, Tim
name: Surette, Michael G.
name: Bowdish, Dawn M. E.
name: Lamarche, Daphnee
name: Verschoor, Chris P.
name: Duan, Erick H.
name: Heels-Ansdell, Diane
name: Arabi, Yaseen
name: Meade, Maureen
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2018

description: Background: Probiotics are live microorganisms that may confer health benefits when ingested. Randomized trials suggest that probiotics significantly decrease the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and the overall incidence of infection in critically ill patients. However, these studies are small, largely single-center, and at risk of bias. The aim of the PROSPECT pilot trial was to determine the feasibility of conducting a larger trial of probiotics to prevent VAP in mechanically ventilated patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). Methods: In a randomized blinded trial, patients expected to be mechanically ventilated for ≥72 hours were allocated to receive either 1 × 1010 colony-forming units of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG or placebo, twice daily. Patients were excluded if they were at increased risk of L. rhamnosus GG infection or had contraindications to enteral medication. Feasibility objectives were: (1) timely recruitment; (2) maximal protocol adherence; (3) minimal contamination; and (4) estimated VAP rate ≥10 %. We also measured other infections, diarrhea, ICU and hospital length of stay, and mortality. Results: Overall, in 14 centers in Canada and the USA, all feasibility goals were met: (1) 150 patients were randomized in 1 year; (2) protocol adherence was 97 %; (3) no patients received open-label probiotics; and (4) the VAP rate was 19 %. Other infections included: bloodstream infection (19.3 %), urinary tract infections (12.7 %), and skin and soft tissue infections (4.0 %). Diarrhea, defined as Bristol type 6 or 7 stools, occurred in 133 (88.7 %) of patients, the median length of stay in ICU was 12 days (quartile 1 to quartile 3, 7–18 days), and in hospital was 26 days (quartile 1 to quartile 3, 14–44 days); 23 patients (15.3 %) died in the ICU. Conclusions: The PROSPECT pilot trial supports the feasibility of a larger trial to investigate the effect of L. rhamnosus GG on VAP and other nosocomial infections in critically ill patients. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01782755 . Registered on 29 January 2013.
Analysing graphene vibrations via molecular dynamics simulations and dimension reduction techniques.
Creators: name: Almisbahi, Hind
Publisher: name: University of Surrey
Year: 2020
Subjects: covariance matrix; eigen decomposition; reciprocal space; graphene; phonon modes

description: Graphene was first isolated in the lab in 2003 and this work was first published in 2004 by a research team at The University of Manchester. Since that date, graphene research has exploded due to its special properties. Phonons and molecular dynamic simulation provide valuable tools to study the molecular systems under different structure forms. They are helpful to study graphene ribbons and defects. On the other hand, many machine learning techniques were extensively used to analyse the enormous amounts of data resulted from the molecular simulations. As such, this thesis aimed to use one of the machine learning techniques to study phonons of graphene with single vacancy defect and graphene armchair nanoribbons. PCA can be used to transform the atomic velocities into orthogonal eigenvectors such that each eigenvector represents one of the phonon modes of graphene. This is helpful to visualize the atomic motion of a specific phonon mode. To provide orthogonal eigenvectors, PCA needs the data to be of gaussian distribution. The atomic velocities resulted from the molecular simulations follow gaussian distribution at the equilibrium state. Hence, the assumption of gaussian distribution needed by PCA is achieved. However, only some of the phonon modes can be calculated from the atomic velocities in their real space. Most of the phonon modes are calculated after transforming the atomic velocities to a reciprocal space (k space) using spatial Fourier transform. The k space atomic velocities are not following gaussian distribution. This thesis introduced a novel method to use PCA to isolate and visualize the phonon modes extracted from the k space velocities. To prove the feasibility of using PCA to isolate k space phonons, we conducted classical molecular simulations of graphene with different structures. The effect of single vacancy defect on graphene phonons was studied in comparison to the perfect graphene. In addition, the effect of the armchair ribbon width on graphene phonon modes was investigated. The results of the conducted molecular simulations were used with PCA to visualize some of the phonon modes of pristine graphene and armchair nanoribbons of graphene. We used PCA to present the evolution of the atomic motion of specific k space phonon modes of armchair ribbons: the first overtone of TA phonon mode and the highest overtone of TO phonon mode. The presented motions showed that the breathing like mode is a transition state between two opposite atomic motions of TA mode. In the method we introduced using PCA, we used the eigenvectors with the lowest eigenvalues to study the Fourier transformed atomic velocities. This method rotated the k space atomic velocities into the eigenvectors with the lowest eigenvalues which helped to isolate and visualize the k space phonon modes.
A framework for the sound management of chemicals.
Creators: name: Nayar, Gitanjali
Publisher: name: University of Surrey
Year: 2020

description: A wide variety of chemicals are used in the manufacture of components. Many of these chemicals are inherently hazardous and need to be managed in an effective manner to reduce costs, protect the environment, ensure health safety, enable compliance and sustain future manufacturing require-ments. Therefore, having a consistent approach to managing chemicals is necessary to enable effective, sustainable and the sound management of chemicals. This research focuses on downstream users of chemicals and proposes a framework for the sound management of chemicals. Amongst a wide range of global initiatives, the Strategic Approach to Interna-tional Chemicals Management (SAICM) provides a robust policy framework for achieving the sound management of chemicals. This research has cus-tomised the SAICM objectives of risk reduction, governance and knowledge management to meet the needs of downstream users of chemicals. In doing so, specific methodologies for assessing the quality of Safety Data Sheets (SDS) and conducting a downstream user chemical risk assessment were developed and embedded within a framework for achieving the sound man-agement of chemicals. The methodology for assessing the quality of SDS was tested on 200 SDS used in the aerospace industry and the results have been published in the Journal of Chemical Health and Safety, 2015. The methodology for conducting a downstream user chemical risk assessment was applied to a widely used metal working fluid. In comparison to existing chemical risk assessments, the proposed methodology delivered a robust and comprehensive risk review of environment, health and safety risks across the stages of receipt, storage, use and disposal of chemicals. The proposed framework is the first of its kind to address specific needs of downstream users of chemicals. It enables the sound management of chem-icals and sustainable development.
La huerta como estrategia didáctica para fortalecer habilidades científicas en el abordaje del concepto ecosistema en el Grado 301 en el Colegio Antonio García IED
Creators: name: Murcia Lozano, Yurani
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Pedagogía - Enseñanza
subject: Habilidades sociales - Enseñanza
subject: Educación primaria - Metodología
subject: Huerta escolar
subject: Ecosistema
subject: Estrategia didáctica
subject: Habilidades científicas

description: Este trabajo presenta la huerta escolar como una estrategia didáctica para el abordaje del concepto ecosistema, permitiendo fortalecer habilidades científicas a través de la experiencia de 15 estudiantes del grado 301 del colegio Antonio García IED. Se tuvieron en cuenta referentes teóricos del concepto de ecosistema, así como de estrategia didáctica en aras de identificar dificultades en las prácticas y en el proceso de enseñanza del mismo. Para la intervención se desarrolló 8 protocolos que contenían un propósito de aprendizaje, una ruta de acción y un instrumento de evaluación que dio cuenta de los aprendizajes de los estudiantes y llevo a la reflexión de las prácticas mismas. Por otra parte se concluyó que dicha intervención permitió fortalecer las habilidades científicas de observación y explicación a partir del desarrollo y crecimiento de las plantas, así como la comprensión del concepto ecosistema, mejoro el trabajo en equipo y permitió generar alianzas estratégicas como el Jardín Botánico de Bogotá José Celestino Mutis para lograr un impacto a nivel institucional.
description: This work presents the school garden as a didactic strategy for the approach of the ecosystem concept, allowing the strengthening of scientific skills through the experience of 15 students of grade 301 of the school Antonio García IED. Theoretical references of the ecosystem concept were taken into account, as well as the didactic strategy in order to identify difficulties in the practices and in the teaching process. For the intervention, 8 protocols were developed containing a learning purpose, a route of action and an evaluation instrument that accounted for the students' learning and led to the reflection of the practices themselves. On the other hand, it was concluded that this intervention strengthened the scientific skills of observation and explanation based on the development and growth of plants, as well as the understanding of the ecosystem concept, improved teamwork and allowed the generation of strategic alliances with the José Celestino Mutis Botanical Garden of Bogotá to achieve an impact at the institutional level.