cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Leaving Home in Insecure Conditions. The Role of Labour Market Policies and the Housing Market in Europe
Creators: name: Bertolini, Sonia
name: Goglio, Valentina
name: Moiso, Valentna
name: Torrioni, Paola Maria
Publisher: name: Studies of Transition States and Societies
Year: 2019
Subjects: autonomy; transition; adulthood; housing market; passive labour market policies; mortgage market

description: Leaving home is regarded as one of the key markers of the transition to adulthood. Previous studies have shown that the degree to which labour market vulnerability affects decisions about leaving the parental home and forming a family differs across countries and across different welfare state regimes. In countries that provide more generous supports for youth, the impact of labour market weakness on housing autonomy is reduced. Still, it remains unclear what dimensions of the institutional setting may be most important when it comes to buffering the relationship between labour market insecurity and individual autonomy among young people. Against this background, the paper uses multilevel models to investigate whether and how passive labour market policies and the structure of the housing market can moderate the relationship between labour market exclusion and youth housing autonomy. The results show that the level of expenditure on passive labour market policies, as well as the level of coverage of these policies, do not play a moderating role on the association between unemployment and housing autonomy, suggesting that further investigation in this domain would benefit from the inclusion of qualitative information on the design of passive measures. On the contrary, the structure of the housing market shows a positive role, although relatively low, in moderating the association between unemployment and housing autonomy, together with a negative moderating role of the level of indebtedness of the households. These findings shed light on the domains where policy intervention might provide better returns when it comes to fostering the achievement of housing autonomy for youth.
description: Studies of Transition States and Societies, Vol 10, No 3 (2018)
Outdoorsport und Wildtiere in den Bergen
Creators: name: Hochreutener, Adrian
name: Rupf, Reto
name: Signer, Claudio
Publisher: name: ZHAW Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften
Year: 2022
Subjects: Outdoorsport
Wildtier
Berg
Recreation ecology
306.48: Freizeit und Tourismus
333.7: Landflächen, Naturerholungsgebiete

description: In den Schweizer Alpen sind Outdoorsportarten wie Wandern, Mountainbiken oder Klettern sehr populär. In den letzten Jahren haben die Intensität und die Vielfalt des Outdoorsports nochmals zugenommen, was zu einem steigenden Druck auf Wildtiere und ihre Lebensräume führt. Wie können negative Einflüsse des Outdoorsports auf die Wildtiere reduziert werden? Was sagt die Wissenschaft dazu? Und stimmt dies mit den Einschätzungen der Sportler:innen überein? Eine Literaturrecherche und ein wissenschaftliches Experiment liefern handfeste Grundlagen für eine Sensibilisierung.
Temporal Demands of Elite Fencing
Creators: name: Tarragó, Rafael
name: Bottoms, Lindsay
name: Iglesias, Xavier
Publisher: name: UH Research Archive
Year: 2023

description: Ninety-six fencers of 24 nationalities were observed, 16 of each fencing modality. We registered 83 bouts (last 32, last 16, quarter finals, semi finals and final) of the 2014 World Fencing Championship. The videos belonged to the International Fencing Federation (https://www.youtube.com/@FIEvideo). The observation instrument used was ESGRIMOBS and it was registered with LINCE (v.1.1). Data was analysed using Microsoft® Excel® 2016 and SPSS Statistics (v.22, Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.). The unit of observation was the time between the calls of Allez and Halte [16]. Bouts were analysed in slow motion, when necessary, instead of in real time.
Labour Market Flexibility and Home-leaving in Different Welfare States: Does Labour Force and Contractual Status Matter?
Creators: name: Bertolini, Sonia
name: Hofäcker, Dirk
name: Torrioni, Paola
Publisher: name: Studies of Transition States and Societies
Year: 2019
Subjects: Youth; leaving the parental home; international comparison; mixed methods

description: This paper examines the impact of the labour market and the employment status on leaving the parental home in France, Germany and Italy. In particular, temporary employment has concentrated disproportionately among young labour market entrants without safe labour market anchorage. One consequence for young adults remaining in unemployment or non-permanent jobs is the postponement of important decisions in their private lives such as home-leaving; whereas the length of postponement depends on the institutional context. Less attention has been paid to the analysis of education-specific patterns in the effects of employment precariousness on individual decision-making. The paper aims to fill this gap by analysing whether and how the employment status (employed/unemployed) as well as the type of contract (fixed-term/permanent) influences the first transition of leaving the parental home, and how this effect varies according to the level of education in three different institutional contexts. To this end, the paper uses a mixed method approach, combining results from a quantitative analysis of data from the European Labour Force Survey 2010 with findings from qualitative research based on interviews and focus groups with people aged 20-45 to highlight the mechanism driving young peoples’ decisions.
description: Studies of Transition States and Societies, Vol 10, No 3 (2018)
Existence and enumeration of spanning structures in sparse graphs and hypergraphs
Creators: name: Ehrenmüller, Julia
Publisher: name: TUHH Universitätsbibliothek
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Extremale Graphentheorie, analytische Kombinatorik, zufällige und pseudozufällige Graphen und Hypergraphen, lokale Resilienz, Regenbogenmatchings
classificationCode: 510
subject: Mathematik

description: Diese Dissertation beschäftigt sich mit der Robustheit von dünnen Graphen und Hypergraphen bezüglich des Auftretens gegebener aufspannender Subgraphen. Insbesondere werden Analoga des Bandweitentheorems für zufällige und pseudozufällige Graphen und ein sogenanntes Dirac-artiges Theorem für Berge-Hamiltonkreise in zufälligen r-uniformen Hypergraphen bewiesen. Zudem werden Bedingungen, die die Existenz von Regenbogenmatchings in kantengefärbten Multigraphen sichern, bestimmt und die Anzahl der Spannbäume in Graphen, die zufällig aus Unterfamilien von serien-parallelen Graphen gewählt werden, studiert.
description: This thesis examines the robustness of sparse graphs and hypergraphs with respect to containing copies of given spanning subgraphs. In particular, we prove analogues of the bandwidth theorem for random and pseudorandom graphs, as well as a Dirac-type theorem for Hamilton Berge cycles in random r-uniform hypergraphs. Furthermore, we determine conditions for the existence of rainbow matchings in edge-coloured multigraphs and study the number of spanning trees in graphs chosen uniformly at random from subfamilies of series-parallel graphs.
ENO reconstruction and ENO interpolation are stable
Creators: name: Fjordholm, Ulrik S.
name: Mishra, Siddhartha
name: Tadmor, Eitan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65D05, 65M12

description: We prove stability estimates for the ENO reconstruction and ENO interpolation procedures. In particular, we show that the jump of the reconstructed ENO pointvalues at each cell interface has the same sign as the jump of the underlying cell averages across that interface. We also prove that the jump of the reconstructed values can be upper-bounded in terms of the jump of the underlying cell averages. Similar sign properties hold for the ENO interpolation procedure. These estimates, which are shown to hold for ENO reconstruction and interpolation of arbitrary order of accuracy and on non-uniform meshes, indicate a remarkable rigidity of the piecewise-polynomial ENO procedure.
Exponentially small heteroclinic breakdown in the generic Hopf-zero singularity
Creators: name: Baldomá, I.
name: Castejón, O.
name: Seara, T. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we prove the breakdown of an heteroclinic connection in the analytic versal unfoldings of the generic Hopf-Zero singularity in an open set of the parameter space. This heteroclinic orbit appears at any order if one performs the normal form around the origin, therefore it is a phenomenon "beyond all orders". In this paper we provide a formula for the distance between the corresponding stable and unstable one dimensional manifolds which is given by an exponentially small function in the perturbation parameter. Our result applies both for conservative and dissipative unfoldings.
“You can’t corrupt eight million voters”: corruption as a topic in Miloš Zeman’s populist strategy
Creators: name: Naxera, Vladimír
name: Krčál, Petr
Publisher: name: Studies of Transition States and Societies
Year: 2019
Subjects: Miloš Zeman; corruption; populism; (de)legitimisation; presidential speeches

description: This paper can be seen as a contribution to the debate on political populism. More specifically, we focus on the relation between populist strategies and the perception of corruption. The issue of corruption and the fight against it is a part of various political strategies, programs, and rhetoric. In some cases, however, it lingers only on a rhetorical level, and the issue of corruption is used by politicians merely as a tool for gaining political points or to harm political opponents, whom they label “corruptionists”. The goal of this paper is to provide an interpretation of the ways in which Czech President Miloš Zeman constructs the issues that are related to the topic of corruption and to interpret how such content figures into the theoretical framework of populism. Methodologically speaking, the text is established as a CAQDAS dataset created by all of Zeman’s speeches, interviews, statements, etc., which were processed using MAXQDA11+ software. This paper shows that the dominant treatment of the topic of corruption by the president is primarily linked to the creation and assignment of delegitimising labels (“corruptionist”) to his opponents or the legitimisation of his allies and himself (as “corruption fighter”), which is the quintessence of populist strategies.
description: Studies of Transition States and Societies, Vol 11, No 1 (2019)
The Socio-Economic and Demographic Factors of Online Activity among Right-Wing Radicals
Creators: name: Myagkov, Mikhail
name: Shchekotin, Evgeniy
name: Goiko, Vyacheslav
name: Kashpur, Vitaliy
name: Aksenova, Ekaterina
Publisher: name: Studies of Transition States and Societies
Year: 2019
Subjects: social networks; right-wing extremism; Right-Wing Online Activity Index; right-wing activity factors; core-periphery model

description: This paper presents the results of a study on socio-economic and demographic factors that affect the intensity of right-wing radicals’ activity in the framework of the Russian-based social network VKontakte. Right-wing radical ideas expressed within the VKontakte network are most actively supported by the population of the regional centres (Moscow, St. Petersburg, Krasnodar Krai) and areas around these centres, which are defined as the semi-periphery in the core-periphery model. The intensity of the online activity of right-wing radicals is mostly influenced by demographic factors, including the average age of the population, the net migration rate coefficient; however, it is not affected by the indicators of economic well-being. The authors hypothesise that support for right-wing radical ideology on social media is determined not by the objective characteristics of the social and economic well-being of the population, but by subjective emotional factors (irritation, feelings of social injustice).
description: Studies of Transition States and Societies, Vol 11, No 1 (2019)
title: Studienkonflikte und Studienerfolgsfaktoren von Studierenden der TU Hamburg-Harburg
title: Study conflicts and academic success factors of students at Hamburg University of Technology
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schmiederer, Simon
name: Derboven, Wibke
name: Winker, Gabriele
Publisher: name: TUHH Universitätsbibliothek
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Studienkonflikte
subject: study conflicts
subject: academic success factors
classificationCode: 300
subject: Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie
classificationCode: 300
subject: Social sciences
subject: FOS: Social sciences
classificationCode: 71.00
subject: Soziologie: Allgemeines
classificationCode: 81.00
subject: Bildungswesen: Allgemeines
subject: Studienbedingungen
subject: Studienerfolg

description: Die Studie „Studienkonflikte und Studienerfolgsfaktoren von Studierenden der TU Hamburg-Harburg“ ist von Lehrenden und Studierenden der TUHH initiiert worden. Sie ist aus Studiengebühren finanziert und unter Leitung von Prof. Winker konzipiert und durchgeführt worden. Ziele der Studie sind es, die zentralen Konflikt- und Bindungsfelder sowie die Lern- und Studienstrategien der Studierenden der TU Hamburg-Harburg zu erheben, um daraus Veränderungsvorschläge für die Lehr- und Lernumgebung abzuleiten. Damit ist die Studie Bestandteil einer breiten Palette von Studien, Maßnahmen und Lehrinnovationen, die derzeit an der TU Hamburg-Harburg durchgeführt werden, um die Studienbedingungen zu verbessern und die Bindungskräfte ingenieurwissenschaftlicher Studiengänge zu erhöhen.
description: The study, "Study Conflicts and Academic Success Factors of Students at Hamburg University of Technology," has been initiated by teachers and students at Hamburg University of Technology. It is financed by tuition fees and carried out under the direction of Professor Winker. The study analyses the central study conflicts and academic success factors and the learning and study strategies of students at Hamburg University of Technology. The study should help to improve the teaching and learning environment. It is part of a wide range of activities and teaching innovations which are currently being conducted at the Hamburg University of Technology, in order to increase attractiveness of engineering studies.
Has Tc been measured by heavy ion experiments?
Creators: name: Karsch, Frithjof
name: Redlich, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the role of cumulants of net baryon number fluctuations in the analysis of critical behavior in QCD and the study of freeze-out conditions in heavy ion experiments. Through the comparison of the current set of measurements of higher order cumulants of net baryon number fluctuations with lattice QCD calculations and results from hadron resonance gas model we can learn to what extent freeze-out as, determined by such cumulants, occurs close to the QCD transition temperature and thus can probe critical behavior at small values of the baryon chemical potential. Understanding how the relation between freeze-out conditions and the QCD crossover transition is reflected in properties of the experimentally determined cumulants is an important prerequisite to search for the QCD critical point. We point out that even if perfect continuum extrapolated lattice QCD results would be available, it would be inappropriate to use these observables to extract the value of the QCD transition temperature at vanishing baryon chemical potential from experimental data. We furthermore provide indications that a recently performed comparison of lattice QCD results on cumulants with data from heavy ion experiments suffer from systematic as well as statistical uncertainties in the lattice QCD calculations. This makes such comparison of lattice QCD calculations with experimental data at present not useful.
description: 9 pages, 3 EPS files
Orbital Compass Model as an Itinerant Electron System
Creators: name: Nasu, J.
name: Ishihara, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional orbital compass model is studied as an interacting itinerant electron model. A Hubbard-type tight-binding model, from which the orbital compass model is derived in the strong coupling limit, is identified. This model is analyzed by the random-phase approximation (RPA) and the self-consistent RPA methods from the weak coupling. Anisotropy for the orbital fluctuation in the momentum space is qualitatively changed by the on-site Coulomb interaction. This result is explained by the fact that the dominant fluctuation is changed from the intra-band nesting to the inter-band one by increasing the interaction.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures
Young People’s Perspectives on How ‘Zhuz’ and ‘Ru’ Clans Affect Them: Evidence from Three Cities in Post-Soviet Qazaqstan
Creators: name: Sairambay, Yerkebulan
Publisher: name: Studies of Transition States and Societies
Year: 2019
Subjects: modern clans; Zhuz; Ru; clan-based divisions; Qazaqstan; Kazakhstan

description: After the collapse of the Soviet Union, elites seeking political power in the newly independent Qazaqstan fostered the use of clan affiliations, such as ‘Zhuz’ and ‘Ru’, in order to develop a Qazaq identity. However, this change resulted in clan politics at both the elite and individual levels, which have become an integral part of today’s clan divisions in modern Qazaq society. The main purpose of this paper is to explore how contemporary young Qazaqs perceive Zhuz and Ru clan-based kinship divisions to affect them. The research objectives of this work are achieved through an extensive review of the relevant literature, as well as through a careful analysis of the outcomes of semi-structured interviews (n=20) and online surveys (n=200) with young people from Nur-Sultan, Aqtau, and Shymkent. This article finds that young Qazaqs perceive Zhuz and Ru clans mainly to affect them in terms of employment, marriage, and online media.
description: Studies of Transition States and Societies, Vol 11, No 1 (2019)
Cheque-Mates? Abkhazia’s Quest for International Recognition
Creators: name: Ó Beacháin, Donnacha
Publisher: name: Studies of Transition States and Societies
Year: 2019
Subjects: Abkhazia; unrecognised states; de facto states; post-Soviet; Georgia; Wikileaks; Russia

description: Abkhazia’s contested status is a source of geopolitical conflict between states and alliances. But how has the campaign to expand this unrecognised state’s network of diplomatic contacts been conducted? Using a wealth of contemporary archival material made available by Wikileaks, combined with interviews with key players in the process, this article investigates efforts to secure recognition for Abkhazia in the post-Soviet space, Latin America and amongst the South Pacific microstates. Different regions presented particular challenges and produced variable outcomes, some of which are counter-intuitive. Despite Russia’s pre-eminence in the former USSR and its impressive arsenal of inducements and threats, the Kremlin failed to secure a single recognition for Abkhazia, though not from want of asking. Distant Latin America, where internecine Caucasian conflicts mattered little but alliances with Russian and antipathy towards the US were strong, produced the early recognitions and some near misses. As veterans of the China-Taiwan dispute, the microstates of the South Pacific region included many veterans of earlier diplomatic tugs-of-war. With sovereignty for sale, recognitions had a price and could potentially be reversed if these miniature states were presented with a better offer. A final recognition provided by Syria was in large part payback for Russia saving Bashir Al-Assad’s regime from oblivion. With some recognitions dependent on personalities or regimes rather than enduring inter-state solidarity and others influenced by pecuniary considerations, all are vulnerable.
description: Studies of Transition States and Societies, Vol 11, No 1 (2019)
Convergence rates in expectation for Tikhonov-type regularization of Inverse Problems with Poisson data
Creators: name: Werner, Frank
name: Hohage, Thorsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we study a Tikhonov-type method for ill-posed nonlinear operator equations $\gdag = F(\udag)$ where $\gdag$ is an integrable, non-negative function. We assume that data are drawn from a Poisson process with density $t\gdag$ where $t>0$ may be interpreted as an exposure time. Such problems occur in many photonic imaging applications including positron emission tomography, confocal fluorescence microscopy, astronomic observations, and phase retrieval problems in optics. Our approach uses a Kullback-Leibler-type data fidelity functional and allows for general convex penalty terms. We prove convergence rates of the expectation of the reconstruction error under a variational source condition as $t\to\infty$ both for an a priori and for a Lepski{\uı}-type parameter choice rule.
Conformation of self-assembled porphyrin dimers in liposome vesicles by phase-modulation 2D fluorescence spectroscopy
Creators: name: Lott, Geoffrey A.
name: Perdomo-Ortiz, Alejandro
name: Utterback, James K.
name: Widom, Julia R.
name: Aspuru-Guzik, Alán
name: Marcus, Andrew H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By applying a phase-modulation fluorescence approach to 2D electronic spectroscopy, we studied the conformation-dependent exciton-coupling of a porphyrin dimer embedded in a phospholipid bilayer membrane. Our measurements specify the relative angle and separation between interacting electronic transition dipole moments, and thus provide a detailed characterization of dimer conformation. Phase-modulation 2D fluorescence spectroscopy (PM-2D FS) produces 2D spectra with distinct optical features, similar to those obtained using 2D photon-echo spectroscopy (2D PE). Specifically, we studied magnesium meso tetraphenylporphyrin dimers, which form in the amphiphilic regions of 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine liposomes. Comparison between experimental and simulated spectra show that while a wide range of dimer conformations can be inferred by either the linear absorption spectrum or the 2D spectrum alone, consideration of both types of spectra constrains the possible structures to a "T-shaped" geometry. These experiments establish the PM-2D FS method as an effective approach to elucidate chromophore dimer conformation.
description: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (PNAS), 2011, in press
Thermal metal-insulator transition in a helical topological superconductor
Creators: name: Fulga, I. C.
name: Akhmerov, A. R.
name: Tworzydło, J.
name: Béri, B.
name: Beenakker, C. W. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional superconductors with time-reversal symmetry have a Z_2 topological invariant, that distinguishes phases with and without helical Majorana edge states. We study the topological phase transition in a class-DIII network model, and show that it is associated with a metal-insulator transition for the thermal conductance of the helical superconductor. The localization length diverges at the transition with critical exponent nu approx 2.0, about twice the known value in a chiral superconductor.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables
Contraction of cross-linked actomyosin bundles
Creators: name: Yoshinaga, Natsuhiko
name: Marcq, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cross-linked actomyosin bundles retract when severed in vivo by laser ablation, or when isolated from the cell and micromanipulated in vitro in the presence of ATP. We identify the time scale for contraction as a viscoelastic time tau, where the viscosity is due to (internal) protein friction. We obtain an estimate of the order of magnitude of the contraction time tau ~ 10-100 s, consistent with available experimental data for circumferential microfilament bundles and stress fibers. Our results are supported by an exactly solvable, hydrodynamic model of a retracting bundle as a cylinder of isotropic, active matter, from which the order of magnitude of the active stress is estimated.
description: To be published in Physical Biology
New Cataclysmic Variable 1RXS J073346.0+261933 in Gemini
Creators: name: Denisenko, D. V.
name: Drake, A. J.
name: Djorgovski, S. G.
name: Kryachko, T. V.
name: Samokhvalov, A. V.
name: Tkachenko, A. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In course of the search for the optical identifications associated with ROSAT X-ray sources we have found a highly variable object with the very unusual long-term behavior, color indices and high X-ray-to-optical flux ratio. We report the archival photometric light curve from the Catalina Sky Survey, optical spectroscopy from RTT150 and time-resolved photometry from Astrotel-Caucasus telescope. The object appears to be the magnetic cataclysmic variable (polar) with orbital period of P=3.20 hr.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures. Submitted to Astronomy Letters
Income Stratification in Russia: What do Different Approaches Demonstrate?
Creators: name: Mareeva, Svetlana V.
name: Lezhnina, Yulia P.
Publisher: name: Studies of Transition States and Societies
Year: 2019
Subjects: Russia; income; income groups; stratification; poverty; wealth; middle class

description: This paper provides empirical analysis of income stratification in contemporary Russian society and its dynamics in recent decades. The paper analyses in detail different approaches (absolute and relative) to defining income groups. It is shown that the most widely used thresholds of the absolute approach cannot be efficiently applied to contemporary Russian society, as they fail to define the subgroups within the population, while relative approach, based on the median income as the social standard of living, appears more effective for income stratification in Russia. A specific income stratification scale is suggested. Its application shows that middle-income groups currently dominate in income structure, however, the incomes of their representatives are not high in absolute terms and their living standards are quite modest. Income stratification in Russia has been noticeably transformed over the last 20 years – the middle-income group has been growing while the low income and high-income groups’ shares have been declining. The proposed scale implies possibilities for structural adjustments such as regional- and settlement-specific disparities in income distribution; it can be easily replicated and allows broad potential for future research, including international comparisons of income stratification in societies undergoing transitional processes.
description: Studies of Transition States and Societies, Vol 11, No 2 (2019)
Estimating the overlap between dependent computations for automatic parallelization
Creators: name: Bone, Paul
name: Somogyi, Zoltan
name: Schachte, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Researchers working on the automatic parallelization of programs have long known that too much parallelism can be even worse for performance than too little, because spawning a task to be run on another CPU incurs overheads. Autoparallelizing compilers have therefore long tried to use granularity analysis to ensure that they only spawn off computations whose cost will probably exceed the spawn-off cost by a comfortable margin. However, this is not enough to yield good results, because data dependencies may \emph{also} limit the usefulness of running computations in parallel. If one computation blocks almost immediately and can resume only after another has completed its work, then the cost of parallelization again exceeds the benefit. We present a set of algorithms for recognizing places in a program where it is worthwhile to execute two or more computations in parallel that pay attention to the second of these issues as well as the first. Our system uses profiling information to compute the times at which a procedure call consumes the values of its input arguments and the times at which it produces the values of its output arguments. Given two calls that may be executed in parallel, our system uses the times of production and consumption of the variables they share to determine how much their executions would overlap if they were run in parallel, and therefore whether executing them in parallel is a good idea or not. We have implemented this technique for Mercury in the form of a tool that uses profiling data to generate recommendations about what to parallelize, for the Mercury compiler to apply on the next compilation of the program. We present preliminary results that show that this technique can yield useful parallelization speedups, while requiring nothing more from the programmer than representative input data for the profiling run.
The Role of Demographic and Socio-Economic Characteristics in Affecting Subjective Well-being. The Case of Hungary
Creators: name: Róbert, Péter
Publisher: name: Studies of Transition States and Societies
Year: 2019
Subjects: subjective well-being; public opinion research; multivariate analysis; Hungary

description: The paper investigates the influence of various demographic and social factors on the perception of well-being in Hungary. For the purpose of the analysis, various measures of subjective well-being have been developed, as dependent variables, using both narrower and broader set of items, and principal factor analysis was applied to construct normalised indices. Demographic predictors include gender, age, family composition, residence; sociological predictors contain education, labour market position, income and wealth as well as questions on health and religiosity. Hungary is an interesting case to study, given the well-known strong deficit in subjective well-being. The phenomenon is particularly motivating in the light of the official propaganda by the governing political forces on the country’s economic and social progress. Low level of subjective well-being is confirmed again, partly in international comparison, partly from the perspective of temporal change. Furthermore, detailed analysis of the data reveals that Hungarians seem to be markedly divided by age, residence and social status for higher or lower assessment of well-being. Regression models prove that material conditions have the strongest impact on subjective well-being, even if controlled for education and labour market position. The results on subjective-wellbeing raise questions for public policy in Hungary.
description: Studies of Transition States and Societies, Vol 11, No 2 (2019)
Australian occupational therapy academic workforce: An examination of retention, work-engagement, and role overload issues
Creators: name: Gustafsson, Louise
name: Brown, Ted
name: Poulsen, Anne A.
name: McKinstry, Carol
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: The quality of the academic workforce is influenced by multi-level interactionist factors yet there is limited research into these influencing factors. To investigate relationships between individual characteristics of Australian occupational therapy academics and work-related variables. An exploratory cross-sectional online survey collected demographic data and used standardized scales including the Turnover Intention Scale, 9-item Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, Work-Life Balance Scale, Role Overload Scale and Self-Defined Burnout Scale. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Academics who were more than five years in their current academic level were: significantly more likely to consider leaving their job; more often frustrated when not given opportunity to achieve their work-related goals; and less engaged. Those who had worked in higher education for longer than ten years were more likely to report role overload while participants working in higher education for less than five years were less likely to report burnout. To meet current and future demand for Australian occupational therapists, an engaged and supported academic workforce is needed. These findings suggest the need for attention to mentoring and career development particularly for those in academic levels longer than five years to increase work engagement and retention.
Redistribution of Income through Social Benefits over the Life Course in the Baltic States
Creators: name: Skuciene, Daiva
name: Lazutka, Romas
Publisher: name: Studies of Transition States and Societies
Year: 2019
Subjects: redistribution; life course; income inequality; poverty; the Baltic States

description: Vertical redistribution refers to the transfer of income from those who have more than they need to those who are in need and is related to the levelling of income inequality and poverty. Vertical redistribution over the life course is indicative of the capacity of the welfare state to protect against social risks over the life course. Studies that explore such redistribution often rely on the life-course perspective and use secondary cross-sectional rather than primary data. The goal of the current study is to analyse the impact of social benefits on income inequality and poverty over the life course in the Baltic States. The paper focuses on the three Baltic countries commonly characterised by successful economic performance, low income redistribution and high income inequality. With this aim, analyses of micro-level data of EU-SILC of 2015 was conducted. To evaluate inequality changes across the life course, the study used a decomposition of the Gini index. Evaluation of poverty of different cohorts rested on the gap of the poverty rate between different groups and the average poverty rate in the country. The findings of our study suggest that the impact of social benefits on the reduction of income inequality is modest. Highest poverty rates are linked with the periods of childhood, working age when unemployed and old age. Overall, the context laden with high inequality and poverty cannot ensure adequate protection against social risks over the life course and create a “buffer” for the development of human capital.
description: Studies of Transition States and Societies, Vol 11, No 2 (2019)
Colored BPS Pyramid Partition Functions, Quivers and Cluster Transformations
Creators: name: Eager, Richard
name: Franco, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate the connections between flavored quivers, dimer models, and BPS pyramids for generic toric Calabi-Yau threefolds from various perspectives. We introduce a purely field theoretic definition of both finite and infinite pyramids in terms of quivers with flavors. These pyramids are associated to the counting of BPS invariants for generic toric Calabi-Yau threefolds. We discuss how cluster transformations provide an efficient recursive method for computing pyramid partition functions and show that the recursion is equivalent to the multidimensional octahedron recurrence. Transitions between different pyramids are related to Seiberg dualities, and we offer complimentary characterizations of these transitions in terms of the motion of zonotopes and duality webs. Our methods apply to completely general geometries including those with vanishing 4-cycles, which are associated to chiral quivers, thus overcoming one of the main limitations in the existing literature. We illustrate our ideas with explicit results for the infinite family of L^{a,b,c} geometries, dP_2, pseudo-dP_2, and dP_3. The counting of pyramid partitions for dP_1 gives rise to the Somos-4 sequence, while dP_2 and pseudo-dP_2 generate the Somos-5 sequence. Our results for dP_3 reproduce and extend those previously obtained for this theory, which were originally obtained from dimer shuffling.
description: 51 pages, 27 figures
Regulative Structure of Locally Distributed Benefit Schemes and Inter-municipal Inequality: The Case of Estonia
Creators: name: Kriisk, Kersti
Publisher: name: Studies of Transition States and Societies
Year: 2019
Subjects: locally distributed benefit schemes; access to social rights; inter-municipal inequality; regulative structure; silent (de)centralisation

description: Studies of locally distributed social policy schemes, their central-local regulations and outcomes have mostly focused on single benefit schemes. However, the landscape of local social policy and access to social rights is more complex. Variety of local social policy schemes with various regulative structures can exist side-by-side within a welfare state, and often both central and local governmental levels have regulative powers for these. We assume that this complex web of central-local regulations of local social policy and changes thereof has consequences. In this study, we scrutinise regulative structures and spending patterns of all locally distributed benefit schemes in a given country (Estonia) and analyse their impact on inter-municipal inequality. We find that central steering of local schemes is not per se a guarantee for lower/stable inter-municipal inequality. The results also emphasise the complexity of central-local regulations within a country and point to unintended consequences of reforms. In the case of Estonia, we identify processes of silent centralisation in locally distributed benefit schemes.
description: Studies of Transition States and Societies, Vol 11, No 2 (2019)
Personal factors, participation, and satisfaction post-stroke: A qualitative exploration
Creators: name: Hoyle, Melanie
name: Gustafsson, Louise
name: Meredith, Pamela
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Decreased participation and life satisfaction are common post-stroke. Exploratory studies have indicated associations between these outcomes and personal factors. Information remains limited and experiences of people with stroke are not well-represented or understood. The aim of this study was to explore how personal factors influence experiences of participation and life satisfaction for people with stroke living in the community. Qualitative in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight participants living in the community post-stroke, chosen purposively based on participation and life satisfaction levels. Data were interrogated using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Three themes were identified: (1) What does participation mean to me? (2) Looking forward or looking back, and (3) Appraisals, avoidance, and “getting on with it”. The first acknowledged the multifaceted nature of participation, although it was typically viewed as incorporating active involvement and social interaction. The additional two themes explored impacts of pre/post-stroke self-discrepancies and threat appraisals on participation and life satisfaction outcomes. Relationships between participation and personal factors seem to be bidirectional. Life satisfaction appeared to be influenced by rumination on negative self-discrepancies based on difference in pre/post-stroke participation. Findings suggest there may be value in examining the influence of personal factor-related interventions on post-stroke outcomes.
Anomalous transport induced by nonhyperbolicity
Creators: name: Lopes, Sergio R.
name: Szezech, José D.
name: Pereira, Rodrigo F.
name: Viana, Ricardo L.
name: Bertolazzo, Andressa B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter we study how deterministic features presented by a system can be used to perform direct transport in a {\it quasi}-symmetric potential and weak dissipative system. We show that the presence of nonhyperbolic regions around acceleration areas of the phase space plays an important role in the acceleration of particles giving rise to direct transport in the system. Such effect can be observed for a large interval of the weak asymmetric potential parameter allowing the possibility to obtain useful work from unbiased nonequilibrium fluctuation in real systems even in a presence of a {\it quasi}-symmetric potential.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
The centrality of work in everyday life after stroke: A qualitative study of long-term stroke survivors
Creators: name: Wassenius, Charlotte
name: Claesson, Lisbeth
name: Blomstrand, Christian
name: Jood, Katarina
name: Carlsson, Gunnel
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Cardiology

description: Work is an occupation of great concern for younger stroke survivors. Given the high rate of people not working after stroke, there is a need to explore work after stroke from a long-term perspective, including not just an initial return to work, but also the ability to retain employment and how this may affect everyday life after stroke. Therefore, the objective of this study was to explore experiences relating to work and to work incapacity among long-term stroke survivors. This study used thematic analysis on data gathered through individual semi-structured interviews with long-term stroke survivors. The analysis resulted in four themes that together comprised the main theme ‘The centrality of work in everyday life’, containing descriptions of how everyday life was affected by aspects of work both for those who did work and those who did not return to work after stroke. The results highlight the importance of addressing return to work not just as an isolated outcome but as part of everyday life after stroke. The results indicate a need for a more flexible approach to supporting return to work that continues past the initial return.
Accessible nonlinear entanglement witnesses
Creators: name: Arrazola, Juan Miguel
name: Gittsovich, Oleg
name: Lütkenhaus, Norbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Verification of entanglement is an important tool to characterize sources and devices for use in quantum computing and communication applications. In a vast majority of experiments entanglement witnesses (EW) are used in order to prove the presence of entanglement in a quantum state. EWs can be constructed from available measurement results and do not require a reconstruction of the whole density matrix (full tomography), which is especially valuable for high-dimensional systems. We provide a method to construct {\it accessible nonlinear EWs}, which incorporate two important properties. First, they improve on linear EWs in the sense that each non-linear EW detects more entangled states than its linear counterpart and therefore allow the verification of entanglement without critical dependence on having found the 'right' linear witness. Second, they can be evaluated using exactly the same data as for the evaluation of the original linear witness. This allows a reanalysis of published experimental data to strengthen statements about entanglement verification without the requirement to perform additional measurements. These particular properties make the accessible nonlinear EWs attractive for the implementations in current experiments, for they can also enhance the statistical significance of the entanglement verification.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Two Problems with Lobbying Regulations in EEA Countries
Creators: name: Šimral, Vit
Publisher: name: Studies of Transition States and Societies
Year: 2020
Subjects: lobbying; corruption; regulations; European Economic Area; post-communism

description: This paper addresses the question of the major challenges for the regulation of lobbying in the European Economic Area countries. It attempts to disentangle this complex question by focusing, step by step, on three specific issues. First, the problem of the definition of lobbying, or the lack of one, is considered. The paper argues that even though European countries started to regulate lobbying already two decades ago, they have still not managed to arrive at a useful definition of the field and activity of lobbying itself, which considerably hinders their pro-transparency regulatory efforts. Second, the paper looks at other anti-corruption legislation in Europe and its links with lobbying rules. The evidence is inconclusive as to whether the level of corruption is significantly affected by the presence or lack of lobbying regulation. Finally, the paper shows that there is a noticeable weakness in the existing lobbying regulations in European countries in terms of enforcement. Without strengthening the enforcement mechanisms of lobbying laws, there will be no significant shift towards a better-regulated and more transparent lobbying environment in Europe.
description: Studies of Transition States and Societies, Vol 12, No 1 (2020)
Probing the Inhomogeneous Universe with Gravitational Wave Cosmology
Creators: name: Yagi, Kent
name: Nishizawa, Atsushi
name: Yoo, Chul-Moon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If we assume that we live in the center of a spherical inhomogeneous universe, we can explain the apparent accelerating expansion of the universe without introducing the unknown dark energy or modifying gravitational theory. Direct measurement of the cosmic acceleration can be a powerful tool in distinguishing $Λ$CDM and the inhomogeneous models. If $Λ$CDM is the correct model, we have shown that DECIGO/BBO has sufficient ability to detect the positive redshift drift of the source by observing gravitational waves from neutron star binaries for 5-10 years. This enables us to rule out any Lemaître-Tolman-Bondi (LTB) void model with monotonically increasing density profile. Furthermore, by detecting the positive redshift drift at $z\sim 0$, we can even rule out generic LTB models unless we allow unrealistically steep density gradient at $z\sim 0$. We also show that the measurement accuracy is slightly improved when we consider the joint search of DECIGO/BBO and the third generation Einstein Telescope. This test can be performed with GW observations alone without any reference to electromagnetic observations.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, accepted to Journal of Physics: Conference Series as Proceedings of Amaldi 9