cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of Assessing vulnerability to risk of suicide and self-harm in prisoners: a Rasch analysis of the suicide concerns for offenders in the prison environment (SCOPE-2)
Creators: name: Perry, Amanda E.
name: Horton, Mike
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Instrument to Assess Suicide Concerns for Offenders in the Prison Environment (SCOPE-2).
BO'LAJAK JISMONIY TARBIYA O'QITUVCHILARINI DEONTOLOGIK FAOLIYATGA TAYYORLASHNING PEDAGOGIK ASOSLARI
Creators: name: Akramova, Gulhayo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Maqola pedagogik deontologiyaning asosiy tushunchalaridan biri bo'lgan “ deontologik tayyorgarlik” tushunchasini o'rganishga bag'ishlangan. Pedagogik deontologiya o`qituvchini tarbiyachi sifatida o`rganadi. Asosiy e'tibor o'qituvchilarning kasbiy ko’nikmalarini, malakasini oshirishga qaratilgan. "Deontologik tayyorgarlik" tushunchasi o'qituvchining kasbiy majburiyati, qadriyat yo'nalishlari va pedagogik axloq normalarini bilishning ko'rsatkichi bo'lib xizmat qiladi. Muallif o'qituvchilarning kasbiy tayyorgarligini o'rganishga turli yondashuvlarni ko'rib chiqadi va tahlil qiladi.
Superalgebras from D-brane actions
Creators: name: Reimers, D. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Noether charge algebras of D-brane actions contain two anomalous terms which modify the standard supertranslation algebra. We use a cocycle approach to derive associated spectra of topological charge algebras. The formalism is applied to $(p,q)$-strings and the D-membrane. The resulting spectra contain known algebras which allow the construction of extended superspace actions.
description: 33 pages, 2 figures
Experimental optical trapping of micro-particles with Frozen Waves
Creators: name: Suarez, Rafael A. B.
name: Neves, Antonio A. R.
name: Gesualdi, Marcos R. R.
name: Ambrosio, Leonardo A.
name: Zamboni-Rached, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work presents the first optical trapping experimental demonstration of micro-particles with Frozen Waves. Frozen Waves are an efficient method to model longitudinally the intensity of non-diffracting beams obtained by superposing co-propagating Bessel beams with the same frequency and order. The experimental setup of a holographic optical tweezers using spatial light modulators has been assembled and optimized. We investigate the optical force distribution acting on micro-particles of two types of Frozen Waves.The results show that it is possible to obtain greater stability for optical trapping using Frozen Waves. The significant enhancement in trapping geometry from this approach shows promising applications for optical tweezers, micro-manipulations over a broad range.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures
Additional file 1 of Obesity status is a risk factor for secondary surgery after neurolysis, direct nerve repair or nerve grafting in traumatic brachial plexus injury: a retrospective cohort study
Creators: name: Pichitchai Atthakomol
name: Kamilcan Oflazoglu
name: Eberlin, Kyle R.
name: Winograd, Jonathan
name: Chen, Neal C.
name: Sang-Gil Lee
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 1. List of ICD-9 and CPT codes to identify all patients with traumatic brachial plexus injury who underwent neurolysis, direct nerve repair, or nerve grafting.
Electrostatic Instability in Electron-Positron Pairs Injected in an External Electric Field
Creators: name: Asano, Katsuaki
name: Takahara, Fumio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the particle acceleration problem in pulsars, we numerically investigate electrostatic instability of electron-positron pairs injected in an external electric field. The electric field is expected to be so strong that we cannot neglect effects of spatial variation in the 0-th order distribution functions on the scale of the plasma oscillation. We assume that pairs are injected mono-energetically with 4-velocity $u_0>0$ in a constant external electric field by which electrons (positrons) are accelerated (decelerated). By solving linear perturbations of the field and distribution functions of pairs, we find a new type of electrostatic instability. The properties of the instability are characterized by $u_0$ and the ratio $R$ of the braking time-scale (determined by the external electric field) to the time-scale of the plasma oscillation. The growth rate is as large as a few times the plasma frequency. We discuss the possibility that the excited waves prevent positrons from returning to the stellar surface.
description: 20 pages, 11 fugures. Accepted for publication in A&A
Entropy and Mass Distribution in Disc Galaxies
Creators: name: Marr, John Herbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relaxed motion of stars and gas in galactic discs is well approximated by a rotational velocity that is a function of radial position only, implying that individual components have lost any information about their prior states. Thermodynamically, such an equilibrium state is a microcanonical ensemble with maximum entropy, characterised by a lognormal probability distribution. Assuming this for the surface density distribution yields rotation curves that closely match observational data across a wide range of disc masses and galaxy types, and provides a useful tool for modelling the theoretical density distribution in the disc. A universal disc spin parameter emerges from the model, giving a tight virial mass estimator with strong correlation between angular momentum and disc mass, suggesting a mechanism by which the proto-disc developed by dumping excess mass to the core, or excess angular momentum to a satellite galaxy. The baryonic-to-dynamic mass ratio for the model approaches unity for high mass galaxies, but is generally $<1$ for low mass discs, and this discrepancy appears to follow a similar relationship to that shown in recent work on the radial acceleration relation (RAR). Although this may support Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) in preference to a dark matter (DM) halo, it does not exclude undetected baryonic mass or a gravitational DM component in the disc.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures. Invitation paper for "Debate on the Physics of Galactic Rotation and the Existence of Dark Matter". Accepted Jan 2020
Shape optimization of the X0-specimen: theory, numerical simulation and experimental verification
Creators: name: Liedmann, Jan
name: Gerke, Steffen
name: Barthold, Franz-Joseph
name: Brünig, Michael
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimal specimens
subject: Variational sensitivity analysis
subject: Shape optimization
subject: Biaxial experiments
subject: Damage
subject: Stress state dependence
subject: 690
subject: Probe
subject: Sensitivitätsanalyse
subject: Strukturoptimierung
subject: Zweiachsige Beanspruchung
subject: Werkstoffschädigung
subject: Spannungszustand

description: The paper deals with the gradient based shape optimization of the biaxial X0-specimen, which has been introduced and examined in various papers, under producibility restrictions and the related experimental verification. The original, engineering based design of the X0-specimen has been applied successfully to different loading conditions persisting the question if relevant stress states could be reached by optimizing the geometry. Specimens with the initial as well as with the two load case dependent optimized geometries have been fabricated of the aluminum alloy sheets (AlSi1MgMn; EN AW 6082-T6) and tested. The strain fields in critical regions of the specimens have been recorded by digital image correlation technique. In addition, scanning electron microscope analysis of the fracture surfaces clearly indicate the stress state dependent damage processes. Consequently, the presented gradient based optimization technique facilitated significant improvements to study the damage and fracture processes in a more purposeful way.
description: Comput Mech;66
Relationship Between the EITC and Food Stamp Program Participation Among Households With Children
Creators: name: Lerman, Robert
name: Mikelson, Kelly S.
Publisher: name: Electronic Publications from the Food Assistance & Nutrition Research Program
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 38
subject: Economics

description: The Federal Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) and the Food Stamp Program (FSP) are the largest means-tested transfer programs for low-income, working parents in the United States. This study examines how these two programs interact, particularly with regard to the impact of the EITC on participation in the FSP during the latter half of the 1990s. Although EITC payments do not reduce the potential size of a household’s food stamp allotment under FSP rules, they do add to a household’s resources and thus could affect a household’s willingness to participate in the FSP. The paper tests this hypothesis with monthly data from the Survey of Income and Program Participation for 1996 through 1999. Although the findings are mixed, they provide evidence of negative impact of EITC on FSP participation.
Comment on "On the general relativistic framework of the Sagnac effect" EPJC 79:187
Creators: name: Ramezani-Aval, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent paper EPJC 79:187 the general relativistic framework of the Sagnac effect was investigated. We have some comments on this paper. We show that their conclusion about the apparent variation of the speed of light does not hold in stationary spacetimes. Also, We show that their definition of gravitational Coriolis potential and gravitational Coriolis time dilation are inconsistent with what is stated in standard references.
title: Selbstberichtete Praktiken von Lehrkräften im inklusiven Mathematikunterricht – Eine Interviewstudie
title: Teachers’ self-reported teaching practices in inclusive mathematics classrooms—an interview study
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Prediger, Susanne
name: Buró, Sarah
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Inklusiver Unterricht
subject: Inklusive Praktiken
subject: Aufgabenbewältigung
subject: Inhaltliche Teilhabe
subject: Stufengerechte Lernzuwächse
subject: Inclusive education
subject: Inclusive teaching practices
subject: Task propensity
subject: Academic participation
subject: Adaptive learning progressions
subject: 510

description: Wie Lehrkräfte ihren inklusiven Mathematikunterricht ausgestalten, wird im Modell der gegenstandsbezogenen Expertise dadurch charakterisiert, welche Praktiken sie zur Bewältigung typischer didaktischer Anforderungssituationen nutzen: Lernvoraussetzungen identifizieren und diagnostizieren, differenzieren, fördern und gemeinsames Lernen anregen. Die qualitative Interviewstudie untersucht die selbstberichteten Praktiken der Lehrkräfte bzgl. der zugrundeliegenden inklusionsbezogenen Orientierungen und Wahrnehmungs- und Denkkategorien. Interviewt werden 17 Lehrkräfte, die ihre Praktiken beschreiben und reflektieren, und zwar alle zur gleichen Unterrichtseinheit „Prozente verstehen“ (Klasse 7). Die qualitative Analyse rekonstruiert fünf typische Leitkategorien: soziale Teilhabe, Beschäftigung, Aufgabenbewältigung, inhaltliche Teilhabe und stufengerechte Lernzuwächse, zwischen denen die Lehrkräfte wechseln. Die Analyse zeigt, wie sich diese Leitkategorien in den Praktiken genauer ausprägen.
description: Within the model of content-related expertise, we characterize how teachers realize inclusive education in mathematics classrooms by the teaching practices they enact to master typical didactical jobs: (1) identify potential demands and notice students’ abilities, (2) differentiate priorities, e.g. learning goals with respect to identified ability and compensate limited abilities by scaffolding, (3) enhance targeted learning goal with respect to ability, and (4) orchestrate joint learning. The qualitative interview study investigates teachers’ self-reported practices with respect to the underlying inclusive orientations and categories for perception and thinking. 17 teachers were interviewed, they describe and reflect their practices within the same teaching unit on percentages in Grade 7. The qualitative analysis identifies five recurring leading categories: social participation, occupation, task propensity, content participation and adaptive learning progressions; teachers change between the five. The analysis shows how the leading categories are expressed in the different jobs and practices.
description: J Math Didakt;42
Exploring Sustainable Transportation Attitudes and Stages of Change Using Survey and Geospatial Data in New England Campus Commuters
Creators: name: Fu, Tat
name: Mundorf, Norbert
name: Redding, Colleen A.
name: Brick, Leslie
name: Paiva, Andrea
name: Prochaska, James
name: Fu, Tat
name: Mundorf, Norbert
name: Redding, Colleen A.
name: Brick, Leslie
name: Paiva, Andrea
name: Prochaska, James
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Environmental Economics and Policy
Public Economics
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: This paper presents findings of a two-campus project designed to assess alternative/sustainable transportation (AT), which is defined as commuting via non-SOVs (single occupancy vehicles) such as transit, carpooling, walking, or biking. One of the objectives was to test the application of a wellknown behavior change model, the Transtheoretical Model of Change (TTM), to transportation behaviors. Additionally, geospatial analysis and visualization were applied using the TTM measures. The survey results show that commuting distances, transit connectivity, and status (i.e., students, staff, and faculty) affected commute modes and stages of readiness to use AT. Another important finding was that the survey data for AT replicated TTM relationship predictions between constructs and stages of change.
Growth of silver nanoclusters embedded in soda glass matrix
Creators: name: Gangopadhyay, P.
name: Magudapathy, P.
name: Kesavamoorthy, R.
name: Panigrahi, B. K.
name: Nair, K. G. M.
name: Satyam, P. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Temperature-controlled-growth of silver nanoclusters in soda glass matrix is investigated by low-frequency Raman scattering spectroscopy. Growth of the nanoclusters is ascribed to the diffusion-controlled precipitation of silver atoms due to annealing the silver-exchanged soda glass samples. For the first time, Rutherford backscattering measurements performed in this system to find out activation energy for the diffusion of silver ions in the glass matrix. Activation energy for the diffusion of silver ions in the glass matrix estimated from different experimental results is found to be consistent.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures, pdf file
Additional file 1 of CHD9 upregulates RUNX2 and has a potential role in skeletal evolution
Creators: name: Newton, Axel H.
name: Pask, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary Table 1 – Primer sequences used in the study.
An Inelastic Homogenization Framework for Layered Materials with Planes of Weakness
Creators: name: Semnani, Shabnam J.
name: White, Joshua A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many geologic materials have a composite structure, in which macroscopic mechanical behavior is determined by the properties, shape, and heterogeneous distribution of individual constituents. In particular, sedimentary rocks commonly exhibit a layered microstructure, with distinct bedding planes that can also form planes of weakness. In this work, we present a homogenization framework for modeling inelastic layered media. The proposed constitutive model allows for distinct micro-constitutive laws for each layer, explicit representation of layer distributions, as well as incorporation of imperfect bonding at the interface between adjacent layers. No a priori assumptions are needed regarding the specific consitutive models used for the layers and interfaces, providing significant modeling flexibility. The overall framework provides a simple and physically-motivated way of defining anisotropic material behavior as an emergent property of the layered microstructure. The model is calibrated using triaxial and true-triaxial experimental data to demonstrate its ability to describe anisotropic deformation and multiple modes of failure.
Acute hypertrophic but not maximal strength loading transiently enhances the kynurenine pathway towards kynurenic acid
Creators: name: Joisten, Niklas
name: Schumann, Moritz
name: Schenk, Alexander
name: Walzik, David
name: Freitag, Nils
name: Knoop, Andre
name: Thevis, Mario
name: Bloch, Wilhelm
name: Zimmer, Philipp
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strenuous exercise
subject: Acute exercise
subject: Resistance exercise
subject: Tryptophan metabolism
subject: Kynurenines
subject: Kynurenic acid
subject: 796

description: Purpose Due to distinct immuno- and neuro-modulatory properties, growing research interest focuses on exercise-induced alterations of the kynurenine (KYN) pathway in healthy and clinical populations. To date, knowledge about the impact of different acute strength exercise modalities on the KYN pathway is scarce. Therefore, we investigated the acute effects of hypertrophic (HYP) compared to maximal (MAX) strength loadings on the KYN pathway regulation. Methods Blood samples of twelve healthy males (mean age and weight: 23.5 ± 3.2 years; 77.5 ± 7.5 kg) were collected before (T0), immediately after (T1), and 1 h after completion (T2) of HYP (5 sets with 10 repetitions at 80% of 1RM) and MAX (15 sets with 1RM) loadings performed in a randomized cross-over design. Serum concentrations of tryptophan (TRP), KYN, kynurenic acid (KA), and quinolinic acid (QA) were assessed using high-performance liquid chromatography. Results The KA/KYN ratio increased from T0 to T1 (p = 0.01) and decreased from T1 to T2 (p = 0.011) in HYP, while it was maintained within MAX. Compared to MAX, serum concentrations of KA were greater in HYP at T1 (p = 0.014). Moreover, the QA/KA ratio was significantly lower in HYP than in MAX at T1 (p = 0.002). Conclusion Acute HYP loading led to increases in the metabolic flux yielding KA, thereby possibly promoting immunosuppression and neuroprotection. Our findings emphasize the potential of acute HYP exercise as short-term modulator of KYN pathway downstream to KA in healthy males and need to be proven in other samples.
description: Eur J Appl Physiol;120
DESARROLLO INICIAL EN PLANTACIONES DE Ziziphus thyrsiflora Benth, Geoffroea spinosa Jacq Y Handroanthus chrysanthus Jacq. EN JIPIJAPA, MANABÍ, ECUADORUntitled Item
Creators: name: Choez, Jesús De Los Santos Pinargote
name: Hurtado, Kiara Scarlett Quiñonez
name: Jalca, Otto Francisco Mero
name: Rodríguez, Marcos Pedro Ramos
name: Verdesoto, Cesar Alberto Cabrera
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 70504 Forestry Management and Environment
subject: FOS: Agriculture, forestry and fisheries

description: Las especies nativas, en su mayoría, tienen bajas tasas de crecimiento, presentan desarrollo heterogéneo, son sensibles a condiciones de estrés en el establecimiento y son de rendimiento tardío. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el desarrollo inicial en plantaciones de Ziziphus thyrsiflora Benth, Geoffroea spinosa Jacq y Handroanthus chrysanthus Jacq. en Jipijapa, Manabí, Ecuador. Para el ensayo se utilizó un diseño experimental completamente al azar con arreglo factorial 3 x 2 correspondiendo a especies y a fertilización, con 6 tratamientos y 3 repeticiones logrando un total de 18 unidades experimentales. Como resultados se obtuvo que Ziziphus thyrsiflora mostró el mayor incremento mensual en altura, diámetro y numero de ramas tanto con fertilizante como sin fertilizante. Los valores medios obtenidos con la aplicación de fertilizantes fueron superiores en todos los indicadores lo cual indica la respuesta favorable de las tres especies al fertilizante utilizado, independientemente de que no siempre esta diferencia fue estadísticamente significativa.
The Luneburg-Lissajous lens
Creators: name: Peng, Huiyan
name: Han, Huashuo
name: He, Pinchao
name: Xia, Keqin
name: Zhang, Jiaxiang
name: Li, Xiaochao
name: Bao, Qiaoliang
name: Chen, Ying
name: Chen, Huanyang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We design a new absolute optical instrument by composing Luneburg lens and Lissajous lens, and analyze its imaging mechanism from the perspective of simple harmonic oscillations. The imaging positions are determined by the periods of motions in x and y directions. Besides, instruments composed with multi parts are also devised, which can form imaging or self-imaging as long as the motion periods of x and y directions are satisfied to similar conditions. Our work provides a new way to analyze the imaging of different lens by simply dissociating the equations of motions, and reveal the internal mechanism of some absolute optical instruments.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures; This is an application of simple harmonic oscillations when I am preparing the course of University Physics; Huashuo Han, Pinchao He, Keqin Xia, and Jiaxiang Zhang are undergraduate students in Xiamen University Malaysia
Dual superconductor models of color confinement
Creators: name: Ripka, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The lectures, delivered at ECT (European Centre for Theoretical Studies in Nuclear Physics and Related Areas) in Trento (Italy) in 2002 and 2003, are addressed to physicists who wish to acquire a minimal background to understand present day attempts to model the confinement of quantum chromo-dynamics (QCD) in terms of dual superconductors. The lectures focus more on the models than on attempts to derive them from QCD. They discuss the Dirac theory of magnetic monopoles, the world sheet swept out by Dirac strings, deformations of Dirac strings and charge quantization, gauge fields associated to the field tensor and to the dual field tensor, the Landau-Ginzburg (Abelian Higgs) model of a dual superconductor, the flux tube joining two equal and opposite color-electric charges, the Abrikosov-Nielsen-Olesen vortex, the divergencies of the London limit, the comparison of the calculated flux tube and string tension with lattice data, duality transformations and the use of Kalb-Ramond fields, the two-potential Zwanziger formalism, abelian gauge fixing and abelian projection, the occurence of monopoles in an abelian gauge, the maximal abelian gauge, and the confinement of static SU(3) color charges.
description: Lectures delivered at the European Centre for Theoretical Studies in Nuclear Physics and Related Areas, 2002-2003, ECT, Trento, Italy latex test2003-10-03-v2.tex, 10 files, 8 figures, 144 pages (References and minor text modifications added) http://www-spht.cea.fr/articles/T03/150/
Unruh response functions for scalar fields in de Sitter space
Creators: name: Garbrecht, Bjorn
name: Prokopec, Tomislav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the response functions of a freely falling Unruh detector in de Sitter space coupled to scalar fields of different coupling to the curvature, including the minimally coupled massless case. Although the responses differ strongly in the infrared as a consequence of the amplification of superhorizon modes, the energy levels of the detector are thermally populated.
description: 16 pages, 1 figure, accepted for publication by Classical and Quantum Gravity
Impacts of Highway Infrastructure Investment Under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act
Creators: name: Cho, Seong-Hoon
name: Lee, Daegoon
name: Lambert, Dayton M.
name: Roberts, Roland K.
name: Cho, Seong-Hoon
name: Lee, Daegoon
name: Lambert, Dayton M.
name: Roberts, Roland K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
Public Economics

description: This study evaluated the impact on highway demand of highway disbursements under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA). Vehicle miles traveled were used to estimate a highway demand equation employing a spatial Durbin model for the 48 contiguous U.S. states during 1994-2008. Estimates from the equation were used to test the hypothesis that highway disbursements caused different upward shifts in the highway demand curves of states. We estimated $8.2 billion in total net benefits for the 48 states as a result of the $27.2 billion in ARRA highway disbursements, yielding an average net benefit of $0.30 per dollar spent.
Massive Hyper-Kahler Sigma Models and BPS Domain Walls
Creators: name: Arai, Masato
name: Nitta, Muneto
name: Sakai, Norisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the non-Abelian Hyper-Kahler quotient by U(M) and SU(M) gauge groups, we give the massive Hyper-Kahler sigma models that are not toric in the N=1 superfield formalism. The U(M) quotient gives N!/[M! (N-M)!] (N is a number of flavors) discrete vacua that may allow various types of domain walls, whereas the SU(M) quotient gives no discrete vacua. We derive BPS domain wall solution in the case of N=2 and M=1 in the U(M) quotient model.
description: 16 pages, 1 figure, contribution to the Proceedings of the International Conference on "Symmetry Methods in Physics (SYM-PHYS10)" held at Yerevan, Armenia, 13-19 Aug. 2003
Industry Issue Paper: A New Modal Classification System for Public Transportation
Creators: name: Guzzetti, Arthur
name: Neff, John W.
name: Guzzetti, Arthur
name: Neff, John W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: Public Economics
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: The gathering of public transportation statistics requires a system for classifying data by mode. The majority of naming conventions have consistently recognized transit operations as “heavy rail,” “commuter rail,” and “light rail” for the past 40 years (although some others still use older terms). New systems now emerging have unique characteristics, which have led some classifying organizations such as the National Transit Database (NTD) to begin using terms such as hybrid rail for light rail type or self-propelled passenger vehicles operated on freight rail tracks and regulated by the Federal Railroad Administration , and which were formerly classified as commuter rail or light rail until 2001, and streetcars which are electric rail circulator passenger vehicles operated primarily in streets in congested central city areas and reported as light rail until 2011. Similarly, NTD began designating some bus operations, reported as part of the general bus category until 2011, as bus rapid transit, which meets specific service criteria, as commuter bus for bus operations with significant closed door distances from distant suburbs to central cities; the remainder of bus service remained classified as simply bus. This presentation will take inventory of all types of bus and rail mode classifications, discuss the issues associated with changing classifications, and put forth a revised classification of transit modes.
The Hausmann-Weinberger 4-manifold invariant of abelian groups
Creators: name: Kirk, Paul
name: Livingston, Charles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M05

description: The Hausmann-Weinberger invariant of a group G is the minimal Euler characteristic of a closed orientable 4-manifold M with fundamental group G. We compute this invariant for finitely generated free abelian groups and estimate the invariant for all finitely generated abelian groups.
description: 9 pages, minor update from previous version
Safety Evaluation of Shoulder Bypass Lanes at Unsignalized Intersections on Rural Two-Lane Roadways Using Cross Sectional Analysis
Creators: name: Dissanayake, Sunanda
name: Shams, Alireza
name: Dissanayake, Sunanda
name: Shams, Alireza
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: Public Economics
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Construction of bypass lanes at rural intersections has typically been considered a low-cost highway safety improvement by the transportation community. However, this needs to be quantitatively evaluated so that the decisions could be made on whether to continue with adding bypass lanes. Highway safety analyses utilize two common approaches to evaluate the effectiveness of a geometric treatment: before-and-after study and cross-sectional study. This paper explains the results using a cross-sectional study approach, where intersections with bypass lanes were compared to intersections with no bypass lanes for which crash data were obtained for more than 1,100 intersections in Kansas. Both 3-legged and 4-legged intersections were taken into consideration separately by looking at intersection-related crashes and crashes within an intersection box. According to the results, the number of crashes and crash severities were lower at 3-legged intersections with bypass lanes compared with 3-legged intersections without bypass lanes, even though these reductions were not statistically significant at 95% level. When considering a 300-ft. intersection box, statistically significant crash reductions were observed at 4-legged intersections, for all considered crash and crash rate categories. When considering 90% level, crash reduction at 3-legged intersections was also statistically significant when considering a 300-ft. intersection box. Crash modification factors (CMFs) calculated to evaluate safety effectiveness of bypass lanes at unsignalized rural intersections in Kansas showed values less than 1.0 for almost all cases, indicating safety benefits of bypass lanes. Accordingly, it is beneficial to continue with the practice of adding shoulder bypass lanes at rural unsignalized intersections on two-lane roads where the traffic volumes are relatively low.
Modeling the Transport Infrastructure-Growth Nexus in the United States
Creators: name: Chi, Junwook
name: Baek, Jungho
name: Chi, Junwook
name: Baek, Jungho
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: International Development
Public Economics
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: The rising government funding in transport infrastructure has sparked political and academic debates on the economic impacts of transport infrastructure investment in the United States. Although numerous empirical studies have examined the transport infrastructure-growth nexus, existing literature has mixed conclusions of the economic effects of expanding transport infrastructure. The main objective of this paper is to assess the short- and long-run impacts of transport and nontransport public infrastructure on economic growth to provide an implication of the effectiveness of these fiscal policy tools in the short- and long-term. For this purpose, we employ a modern autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach to explore the dynamic relationships among transport infrastructure, non-transport public infrastructure, private capital, labor hours, GDP, and exports. In the long run, we find that a bidirectional relationship exists between transport infrastructure and GDP, suggesting that expanding transport infrastructure improves aggregated economic output, and enhanced economic output increases public investment in transport infrastructure. However, the magnitude of the impact of transport infrastructure on GDP is smaller than that of non-transport public infrastructure, implying that non-transport infrastructure investment is a more effective longterm fiscal stimulus than expanding transport infrastructure.
Rapid grain growth in post-AGB disc systems from far-infrared and sub-millimetre photometry
Creators: name: Scicluna, P.
name: Kemper, F.
name: Trejo, A.
name: Marshall, J. P.
name: Ertel, S.
name: Hillen, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The timescales on which astronomical dust grows remain poorly understood, with important consequences for our understanding of processes like circumstellar disk evolution and planet formation.A number of post-asymptotic giant branch stars are found to host optically thick, dust- and gas-rich circumstellar discs in Keplerian orbits. These discs exhibit evidence of dust evolution, similar to protoplanetary discs; however since post-AGB discs have substantially shorter lifetimes than protoplanetary discs they may provide new insights on the grain-growth process. We examine a sample of post-AGB stars with discs to determine the FIR and sub-mm spectral index by homogeneously fitting a sample of data from \textit{Herschel}, the SMA and the literature. We find that grain growth to at least hundreds of micrometres is ubiquitous in these systems, and that the distribution of spectral indices is more similar to that of protoplanetary discs than debris discs. No correlation is found with the mid-infrared colours of the discs, implying that grain growth occurs independently of the disc structure in post-AGB discs. We infer that grain growth to $\sim$mm sizes must occur on timescales $<<10^{5}$ yr, perhaps by orders of magnitude, as the lifetimes of these discs are expected to be $\lesssim10^{5}$~yr and all objects have converged to the same state. This growth timescale is short compared to the results of models for protoplanetary discs including fragmentation, and may provide new constraints on the physics of grain growth.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Sturdy Inference: A Bayesian Analysis of U.S. Motorcycle Helmet Laws
Creators: name: Fowles, Richard
name: Loeb, Peter D.
name: Fowles, Richard
name: Loeb, Peter D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: Health Economics and Policy
Public Economics
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Motorcycle related fatalities continue to be a major concern for public health officials, economists, and policy makers interested in such matters. In 2006, 3% of all motor vehicles registered in the United States were 2-3 wheelers (motorcycle type vehicles), while riders of these vehicles accounted for 11% of vehicle related deaths. Such a disproportionate number of fatalities associated with motorcycles is certainly grounds for concern. Most studies of motorcycle fatalities attribute deaths to the avoidance of wearing helmets and the lack of helmet laws, speed, and alcohol usage. This study makes use of a rich panel data set for the period 1980 to 2010 by state and the District of Columbia to examine these factors and others. It is the first study to differentiate between the effects of universal and partial helmet laws on motorcycle fatalities. It also accounts for the effects of cell phone use, alcohol consumption, and suicidal propensities on these crashes after adjusting for a whole host of socioeconomic and driving related factors. The analysis is conducted using a new Bayesian technique, which examines the sturdiness of regression coefficients. This new method uses statistics referred to as S-values that addresses both estimation and model ambiguity. Results indicate that the variables we focus on, i.e., cell phones, alcohol consumption, and helmet laws affect motorcycle fatalities. Further, universal helmet laws appear to have a larger effect on such fatalities than partial helmet laws.
Shippers’ Changing Priorities in Port Selection Decision - A Survey Analysis Using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)
Creators: name: Mittal, Neha
name: McClung, Dale
name: Mittal, Neha
name: McClung, Dale
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: International Relations/Trade
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: This paper analyzes different criterion that shippers employ in their port selection process. It uses results from a survey conducted on regional shippers from the chemical and life sciences industries that ship full container and LCL cargo of hazardous and non-hazardous chemicals westbound (from U.S. east coast to Asia). Using an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) framework and participants’ comparative scores, factors affecting a shipper’s port choice are prioritized. Findings suggest that port congestion and delays on the west coast ports in the U.S. and its effect on shippers’ supply chains have changed their priorities; price and port characteristics are no longer their primary decision factors.
Pulse shape analysis in segmented detectors as a technique for background reduction in Ge double-beta decay experiments
Creators: name: Elliott, S. R.
name: Gehman, V. M.
name: Kazkaz, K.
name: Mei, D-M.
name: Young, A. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The need to understand and reject backgrounds in Ge-diode detector double-beta decay experiments has given rise to the development of pulse shape analysis in such detectors to discern single-site energy deposits from multiple-site deposits. Here, we extend this analysis to segmented Ge detectors to study the effectiveness of combining segmentation with pulse shape analysis to identify the multiplicity of the energy deposits.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures, will be submitted to NIM
title: Understanding the Concept of Home in “Home – A Place Called Anywhere” by Diana Anhalt
Creators: name: Matzelle, Ines
Publisher: name: Universität Graz
Year: 2021
Subjects: home
belonging
identity
migration literature
imagined landscape

description: This entry of the student anthology was created through a process of reflecting on a literary
seminar carried out by the Center for Inter-American Studies from the University of Graz and
was inspired by the work in Marjorie Agosín edited volume Home – An Imagined Landscape. This
article discusses the concept of home in “Home-A Place Called Anywhere” by Diana Anhalt.
INRA International Business Survey: US Attitudes Towards Oil Company in Venezuela, 1955
Creators: name: International Research Associates [INRA]
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2022

description: Foreign travel (2); Latin American countries (2); most interesting countries (3); tariffs (7); foreign trade (4); foreign trade policies (3); imports (2); forbidding imports (4); friends' trade opinions (2); exports vs. imports (1); selling US goods (1); companies heard of (7); independent companies (10); domestic companies (10); likeable companies (10); relations with Creole (1); information about Creole (5); Creole affecting Venezuela (2); US oil supplies (1); US companies foreign oil (12); agreement with various statements (9); statements about Venezuela (5); Venezuela location (1); flight length (1); oil company statements (5); political organization participation (2); 1952 Presidential election (1); party affiliation (3).
MANAVIYATNING SHAKLLANISHIDA OILANING RO'LI
Creators: name: Berkinov, Oybek
name: Buriboyev, Shahzod
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ma’naviy barkamol insonning oila muhiti asosida jamiyatda shakllanishi, Shахsni barkamol inson qilib yetishtirishda maktabning va oilaning ro’li, tarbiya sohasidagi butun ishlarni muvaffaqiyatli amalga oshirish, ota-onalar o'rtasida ta'lim-tarbiyaga oid tashviqot ishlarini kengaytirish, ularni maktabning faol yordamchilariga, o'quvchilarning sinfdan va maktabdan tashqaridagi ishlarida har tomonlama foydali tashkilotchilariga aylantirish Oila a’zolari o’rtasidagi o’zaro munosabatlar u qaysi tizim bo’lishidan qat’iy nazar, jamiyat a’zolari o’rtasidagi o’zaro munosabat jarayoniga mos kelishi . Jamiyat a’zolari o’rtasidagi munosabat qonunlar, qoidalar, tartib intizom bilan belgilanib, boshqarilib turiladi va bu narsa oilada ham o’z aksini topadi.
Investigating Mixed Logit Analysis of Critical Headways at a Single-Lane Instrumented Roundabout
Creators: name: Hainen, Alex
name: Hainen, Alex
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: Public Economics
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: This paper examines 29,403 entering vehicles that rejected two or more headways for a total of 69,123 rejected headways. A detailed series of temporal parameters was established and used to estimate a mixed binary logit model and understand rejection/acceptance decisions. This technique allows for the parameter estimates to vary across the population and across the set of decisions that drivers made and suggests that drivers may modify their critical headway as they wait at the yield bar. The results from this paper indicate that future consideration of capacity using a dynamic critical headway could be useful in modeling and capacity estimation.
On the nonexistence of conformally flat slices in the Kerr and other stationary spacetimes
Creators: name: Kroon, Juan A. Valiente
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is proved that a stationary solutions to the vacuum Einstein field equations with non-vanishing angular momentum have no Cauchy slice that is maximal, conformally flat, and non-boosted. The proof is based on results coming from a certain type of asymptotic expansions near null and spatial infinity --which also show that the developments of Bowen-York type of data cannot have a development admitting a smooth null infinity--, and from the fact that stationary solutions do admit a smooth null infinity.
Momentum selective optical absorption in triptycene molecular membrane
Creators: name: Akita, Masashi
name: Fujii, Yasumaru
name: Maruyama, Mina
name: Okada, Susumu
name: Wakabayashi, Katsunori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The optical properties of triptycene molecular membranes (TMMs) under the linearly and circularly polarized light irradiation have been theoretically studied. Since TMMs have the double-layered Kagome lattice structures for their $π$-electrons, i.e., tiling of trigonal and hexagonal-symmetric rings, the electronic band structures of TMMs have non-equivalent Dirac cones and perfect flat bands. By constructing the tight-binding model to describe the pi-electronic states of TMMs, we have evaluated the optical absorption intensities and valley selective excitation of TMMs based on the Kubo formula. It is found that absorption intensities crucially depend on both light polarization angle and the excitation position in momentum space, i.e., the momentum and valley selective optical excitation. The polarization dependence and optical selection rules are also clarified by using group theoretical analyses.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Hazardous Materials Transportation with Multiple Objectives: A Case Study in Taiwan
Creators: name: Hu, Ta-Yin
name: Chang, Ya-Han
name: Hu, Ta-Yin
name: Chang, Ya-Han
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: Public Economics
Risk and Uncertainty

description: Hazardous material (hazmat) transportation has been an important issue for handling hazardous materials, such as gases and chemical liquids. In the past, researchers have made great efforts to develop policies and route planning methods for hazmat transportation problems. In 2014, Kaohsiung City in Taiwan suffered a gas pipeline explosion at midnight; 32 people were killed, and hundreds of people were injured. After the incident, policies and routing strategies for hazardous materials (hazmat) transportation in Kaohsiung were initiated to avoid pipeline transportation. Although methodologies for hazmat transportation have been proposed and implemented to minimize potential risks, multiple objectives need to be considered in the process to facilitate hazmat transportation in Taiwan. In order to consider both government and operators’ aspects, a multi-objective formulation for the hazmat problem is proposed and a compromise programming method is applied to solve the problem with two objectives: travel cost and risk. The path risk is defined based on risk assessment indexes, such as road characteristics, population distribution, link length, hazardous material characteristics, and accident rates. An aggregate risk indicator is proposed for roadway segments. The compromise programming approach is developed from the concept of compromise decision and the main idea is to search the compromise solution closest to the ideal solution. The proposed method is applied to Kaohsiung City, Taiwan. The results show that two conflicting objectives keep making trade-offs between each other until they finally reach a compromise solution.
String Pair Production in a Time-Dependent Gravitational Field
Creators: name: Tolley, Andrew J.
name: Wesley, Daniel H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the pair creation of point-particles and strings in a time-dependent, weak gravitational field. We find that, for massive string states, there are surprising and significant differences between the string and point-particle results. Central to our approach is the fact that a weakly curved spacetime can be represented by a coherent state of gravitons, and therefore we employ standard techniques in string perturbation theory. String and point-particle pairs are created through tree-level interactions between the background gravitons. In particular, we focus on the production of excited string states and perform explicit calculations of the production of a set of string states of arbitrary excitation level. The differences between the string and point-particle results may contain important lessons for the pair production of strings in the strong gravitational fields of interest in cosmology and black hole physics.
description: 26 pages v2: References added
title: Questions for Diana Anhalt
Creators: name: Anhalt, Diana
name: Matzelle, Ines
Publisher: name: Universität Graz
Year: 2021
Subjects: home
belonging
imagined landscape
identity
migration literature

description: This entry of the student anthology was created through a process of reflecting on a literary
seminar carried out by the Center for Inter-American Studies from the University of Graz and
was inspired by the work in Marjorie Agosín edited volume Home – An Imagined Landscape. This
chapter presents a short exchange with the author Diana Anhalt and Ines Matzelle.