cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Generation of scenarios from calibrated ensemble forecasts with a dual ensemble copula coupling approach
Creators: name: Bouallegue, Zied Ben
name: Heppelmann, Tobias
name: Theis, Susanne E.
name: Pinson, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Probabilistic forecasts in the form of ensemble of scenarios are required for complex decision making processes. Ensemble forecasting systems provide such products but the spatio-temporal structures of the forecast uncertainty is lost when statistical calibration of the ensemble forecasts is applied for each lead time and location independently. Non-parametric approaches allow the reconstruction of spatio-temporal joint probability distributions at a low computational cost. For example, the ensemble copula coupling (ECC) method rebuilds the multivariate aspect of the forecast from the original ensemble forecasts. Based on the assumption of error stationarity, parametric methods aim to fully describe the forecast dependence structures. In this study, the concept of ECC is combined with past data statistics in order to account for the autocorrelation of the forecast error. The new approach, called d-ECC, is applied to wind forecasts from the high resolution ensemble system COSMO-DE-EPS run operationally at the German weather service. Scenarios generated by ECC and d-ECC are compared and assessed in the form of time series by means of multivariate verification tools and in a product oriented framework. Verification results over a 3 month period show that the innovative method d-ECC outperforms or performs as well as ECC in all investigated aspects.
Maximum of the characteristic polynomial of random unitary matrices
Creators: name: Arguin, Louis-Pierre
name: Belius, David
name: Bourgade, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G70, 60B20, 82B44

description: It was recently conjectured by Fyodorov, Hiary and Keating that the maximum of the characteristic polynomial on the unit circle of a $N\times N$ random unitary matrix sampled from the Haar measure grows like $CN/(\log N)^{3/4}$ for some random variable $C$. In this paper, we verify the leading order of this conjecture, that is, we prove that with high probability the maximum lies in the range $[N^{1 - \varepsilon},N^{1 + \varepsilon}]$, for arbitrarily small $\varepsilon$. The method is based on identifying an approximate branching random walk in the Fourier decomposition of the characteristic polynomial, and uses techniques developed to describe the extremes of branching random walks and of other log-correlated random fields. A key technical input is the asymptotic analysis of Toeplitz determinants with dimension-dependent symbols. The original argument for these asymptotics followed the general idea that the statistical mechanics of $1/f$-noise random energy models is governed by a freezing transition. We also prove the conjectured freezing of the free energy for random unitary matrices.
description: 39 pages, added theorem on the imaginary part and the implied rigidity bound
Analytical reproducibility of published meta-analyses on clinical psychological interventions.
Creators: name: Lopez-Nicolas, Ruben
name: Sánchez-Meca, Julio
name: López-López, José A
name: Lakens, Daniel
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Clinical Psychology
subject: Quantitative Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: data sharing
subject: meta-analysis
subject: replicability
subject: reproducibility
subject: research synthesis

description: Meta-analysis is widely considered as the best source of scientific evidence (e. g., OCEBM Levels of Evidence Working Group, 2011) and therefore meta-analytic results and conclusions often have a strong impact on policy making, social practices, or healthcare judgements. Thus, standards of research quality, transparency, and reproducibility-related practices of meta-analyses need to be as high as possible. However, several concerns about the reproducibility of published meta-analyses have emerged . The minimal threshold for reproducibility of meta-analyses is analytical reproducibility, which is defined as the extent to which the same result can be obtained by applying the same statistical analysis to the same data. This project has the main aim of investigating the analytical reproducibility of 217 published meta-analyses on clinical psychological interventions.
Properties of bosons in a one-dimensional bichromatic optical lattice in the regime of the Sine-Gordon transition: a Worm Algorithm Monte Carlo study
Creators: name: Sakhel, Asaad R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of interacting bosons in a weak, one-dimensional, and bichromatic optical with a rational ratio of the constituting wavelengths $λ_1$ and $λ_2$ are numerically examined along a broad range of the Lieb-Liniger interaction parameter $γ$ passing through the Sine-Gordon transition. It is argued that there should not be much difference in the results between those due to an irrational ratio $λ_1/λ_2$ and due to a rational approximation of the latter. For a weak bichromatic optical lattice, it is chiefly demonstrated that this transition is robust against the introduction of quasidisorder via a weaker, secondary, and incommensurate optical lattice superimposed on the primary one. The properties, such as the correlation function, Matsubara Green's function, and the single-particle density matrix, do not respond to changes in the depth of the secondary optical lattice $V_1$. For a stronger bichromatic optical lattice, however, a response is observed because of changes in $V_1$. It is found accordingly, that holes in the SG regime play an important role in the response of properties to changes in $γ$. The continuous-space worm algorithm Monte Carlo method [Boninsegni \ea, Phys. Rev. E $\mathbf{74}$, 036701 (2006)] is applied for the present examination. It is found that the worm algorithm is able to reproduce the Sine-Gordon transition that has been observed experimentally [Haller \ea, Nature $\mathbf{466}$, 597 (2010)].
description: This is a further updated version with more explanations
104. PRONOM in Practice: Creating File Format/System Signatures for Submission to PRONOM Technical Registry.
Creators: name: Clipsham, David
name: Krabbenhoeft, Nick
name: Peltzman, Shira
name: Simpson, Justin
name: Wilson, Carl
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: ipres2018
subject: workshop
subject: Workshops and Tutorials

description: Based on a series of online workshops presented by the Open Preservation Foundation in 2017, this workshop that will equip participants with the tools required to submit new entries to PRONOM. Participants will learn the theory behind format signatures, how signatures are created, and how they are shared and used. Each of the workshop’s topics is explained through both lecture and demonstration. Participants engage directly in the signature development process through a series of hands-on activities, using a set of sample files provided by the workshop. Participants will examine these files with hex editors, compare their contents to existing specifications, create draft signatures in XML, and test them using format identification tools such as FIDO and Siegfried. Workshop leaders will also share strategies and resources on how to engage the wider community for assistance. The workshop will help participants gain practical skills in appraisal and analysis of digital files. This relevant real-world experience will help to foster a more knowledgeable user base and improve the the PRONOM registry. To close the workshop, participants will have the opportunity to practice their skills using files from their own collections that are not identified in PRONOM tools. Instructors will be available to answer questions as participants explore their files.
Additional file 3 of Identification of mothers with mental health problems is accidental: perceptions of health care providers on availability, access, and support for maternal mental health care for adolescent mothers in Malawi
Creators: name: Tembo, Chimwemwe
name: Portsmouth, Linda
name: Burns, Sharyn
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 3.
Cost-Benefit Analysis of Options for Improving Drinking Water Quality in an Extraterritorial Jurisdiction Census Block of Raleigh, North Carolina
Creators: name: Dew, Heather
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Communities bordering but outside of city limits often lack municipal water services and rely on private wells. These communities may consider three options if their water is of substandard quality: municipal water main extension, well water treatment, or no action. The costs and benefits of these alternatives were estimated for one census block (66 residents) bordering Raleigh, North Carolina. The results indicate that extending city water mains would be most expensive to the water utility (net present value = -$770,000), but an optimal solution for the community from a convenience and health perspective. The net present value of connecting to municipal service is -$18,000 per household, whereas the costs of household treatment and no action are -$12,000 and -$2,000, respectively. Although the most expensive option, from the perspective of health risks and convenience to the residents, the results suggest this community could benefit from an extension of city water mains.
title: Spontaneous rectus sheath hematoma in a third level hospital. A retrospective study.
Creators: name: Macedo Pascual, Miguel
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Haemorrhage
subject: Embolisation
subject: Percutaneous
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Interventional vascular

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The most frequent cause of spontaneous rectus sheath hematoma is anticoagulation therapy, wich is used in a variety of conditions, such as atrial fibrillation, and in prophylaxis against deep venous thrombosis (1). Small vessel arteriosclerosis...
Energia e pianificazione territoriale: una possibile sinergia
Creators: name: Mazzola, Elena
name: Bove, Alessandro
Publisher: name: BDC. Bollettino Del Centro Calza Bini
Year: 2023

description: Nel 2008 è stato lanciato in Europa il Patto dei Sindaci per ridurre i gas serra e contrastare i cambiamenti climatici, attraverso approcci comuni di promozione dell’efficienza energetica ed il corretto utilizzo dell’energia nei territori comunali. La traduzione di questo impegno ha portato all’introduzione dei Piani d’Azione per l’Energia Sostenibile, che individuano i settori e le attività pubbliche e private che maggiormente producono emissioni inquinanti e definiscono le azioni per un obiettivo globale di riduzione delle emissioni climalteranti. In questo contesto, a partire dal 2019 in Italia sono state introdotte le Comunità di Energia Rinnovabile, in recepimento delle Direttive Europee, consentendo di associarsi per divenire autoconsumatori di energia rinnovabile che agiscono collettivamente. L’obiettivo di questo contributo è quello di proporre una metodologia per la valutazione territoriale a scala intercomunale per PATI (Piano di Assetto del Territorio Intercomunale) tematici attraverso l’analisi delle azioni di mitigazione riguardanti la produzione di energia elettrica da fonte rinnovabile promosse dai Comuni nei loro piani di azione ed il successivo dimensionamento di possibili comunità energetiche. A tal fine è stato utilizzato il caso studio della Provincia di Padova. Parole chiave: Patto dei Sindaci, PAES, comunità energetiche, sostenibilità energetica e sociale, piani di assetto del territorio intercomunale
description: BDC. Bollettino Del Centro Calza Bini, V. 22 N. 2 (2022): Renewable Energy Communities: Urban Research and Land Use Planning
title: Flow mediated dilation in patients with atherosclerosis risk factors
Creators: name: Rajabzadeh, Farnood
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Vascular
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Physiological studies
subject: Arteriosclerosis

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Definition: Atherosclerosis is a diffuse process beginning in infancy, by which fat is deposited in the intima leading to an increase in the thickness of the intima-media layer in the vessel wall(1). This causes abnormal endothelial function in...
EUREMAP Communication and Dissemination Plan
Creators: name: Arrimar, Leonor
name: Costa Abecasis, Rita
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Marine Bioprospecting
Communication
Dissemination

description: The following document presents a communication plan for the project EUREMAP, which aims to develop an optimised pipeline of marine bioprospecting services in Europe to enable state-of-the-art research and capacity for both academia and industry. The document is divided into 10 sections, starting with the reference situation with a short overview about the state-of-the-art of marine bioprospecting, the general context of Research Infrastructures (RIs) in Europe, and a summary of the project and its different work packages (WPs). The main communication goals will be listed and briefly explained, followed by a characterisation of the different target audiences. Key messages will be defined and thoroughly explained. Finally, the different communication channels will be listed and, for each, their key messages, tone of voice, and target audiences will be described, together with a brief description of the type of actions that will be pursued for each. The document closes with a timelineof all the activities that are projected for this communication plan. The present communication plan is part of WP19 Project Communication, developed by the CCMAR team with input from all partners. It will only be used internally among the project partners.
An Evaluation of the U.S. Coast Guard Waterfront Facility Inspection Program
Creators: name: Hollingsworth, Wayne
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1990

description: Government agencies use program evaluations as a means for improving and justifying the existence of programs. This evaluation will be used to improve the Coast Guard waterfront facility inspection program. This evaluation was deemed necessary by the program manager upon recognition that program guidance was too limited and failed to reflect the current program roles and missions stated in the Port Safety and Security Operating Program Plan. The outputs desired from this evaluation were recommendations which could be used in developing program policies, guidance and standards and a recommendation on the feasibility of using this evaluation methodology for future Coast Guard program evaluations. In conducting this evaluation, past program evaluations were examined; current program policies, guidance and standards were reviewed; and selected program field participants were interviewed and observed. These findings conclude that: the waterfront facility program is a low priority Coast Guard program; there are no outside agencies able or willing to assist the Coast Guard in implementing the waterfront facility inspection program; lack of specificity makes 33 CFR 126 difficult to enforce at liquid bulk chemical and intermodal container facilities; and there are no output measures for the waterfront facility program. The methodology used in this evaluation was adequate but it should be slightly modified before using it to evaluate other Coast Guard programs. Based on the research findings, recommendations were made to change some federal regulations and portions of the waterfront facility program. The most important program recommendation of this evaluation was to establish program output measures. Without output measures, it is impossible to measure the effectiveness of a program, thus, it is difficult to justify its existence.
Modelling influence and opinion evolution in online collective behaviour
Creators: name: Kerckhove, Corentin Vande
name: Martin, Samuel
name: Gend, Pascal
name: Rentfrow, Peter J.
name: Hendrickx, Julien M.
name: Blondel, Vincent D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Opinion evolution and judgment revision are mediated through social influence. Based on a large crowdsourced in vitro experiment (n=861), it is shown how a consensus model can be used to predict opinion evolution in online collective behaviour. It is the first time the predictive power of a quantitative model of opinion dynamics is tested against a real dataset. Unlike previous research on the topic, the model was validated on data which did not serve to calibrate it. This avoids to favor more complex models over more simple ones and prevents overfitting. The model is parametrized by the influenceability of each individual, a factor representing to what extent individuals incorporate external judgments. The prediction accuracy depends on prior knowledge on the participants' past behaviour. Several situations reflecting data availability are compared. When the data is scarce, the data from previous participants is used to predict how a new participant will behave. Judgment revision includes unpredictable variations which limit the potential for prediction. A first measure of unpredictability is proposed. The measure is based on a specific control experiment. More than two thirds of the prediction errors are found to occur due to unpredictability of the human judgment revision process rather than to model imperfection.
description: Accepted for publication in PLOS ONE (2016)
title: "All the roads lead to"...the heart: vena cava obstruction and collateral pathways
Creators: name: Rosa, Francesca
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Haemodynamics / Flow dynamics
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Veins / Vena cava
subject: Liver

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Chronic inferior and superior vena cava (VC)obstruction is an important clinical condition and it is characterized by increased resistance to venous blood flow. This leads to the development of a large number of collateral pathways that shunt venous...
Vietnam: Exploring the Deep Determinants of Learning
Creators: name: Admin, RISE
name: London, Jonathan
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: Education systems not elsewhere classified
Other education not elsewhere classified

description: This insight looks at Vietnam’s record of expanding access to education, and especially its performance on international assessments such as PISA. This has raised questions about what Vietnam got right, how, and why and what insights Vietnam’s experiences might offer for efforts at improving the performance of education systems around learning worldwide.
title: Typical and atypical aspects of pulmonary tuberculosis in children: has anything changed in the past 20 years?
Creators: name: Buzan, Maria
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Infection
subject: Cavitation
subject: Acute
subject: Statistics
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Paediatric
subject: Lymph nodes
subject: Lung

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: In 1993 the World Health Organization (WHO) declared tuberculosis (TB) a “global emergency”: 1.7 billion people were infected with M. tuberculosis , 3 million died from it, and approximately 8 million new cases occurred [1]. According to the WHO...
title: Development of a Human Factors Evaluation Procedure for Network-wide Road Safety Assessments
Creators: name: Paliotto, Andrea
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2023

description: This work aimed at the definition of a Network-wide Road Safety Assessment procedure for two-lane two-way rural roads, namely Human Factors Evaluation procedure, which accounts for the influence of Human Factors in accidents triggering factors. The purpose of such a procedure is to provide an instrument to evaluate the risk of accidents occurrence because of wrong perceptions and expectations caused by the road. This often translates in operational errors, which may become driving errors that finally results in accidents, if uncorrected. The need of a Network-wide Road Safety Assessment procedure which accounts for Human Factors, together with an overview of considered methodologies, is discussed with a focus on Road Safety Inspection procedures. Indeed, visual site inspections and surveys allow to identify specific critical issue that may otherwise be missed while using big data analysis. Moreover, it has been decided that the Human Factors Evaluation procedure must follows the requirements of the updated 2008/96/EU directive (European Parliament and the Council, 2019). This will let it be a usable instrument for road agencies.
Prompt double $J/ψ$ production in proton-proton collisions at the LHC
Creators: name: Baranov, S. P.
name: Rezaeian, Amir H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a detailed study of prompt double $J/ψ$ production within the non-relativistic QCD (NRQCD) framework in proton-proton collisions at the LHC. We confront the recent LHC data with the results obtained at leading-order (LO) in the NRQCD framework within two approaches of the collinear factorization and the $k_T$-factorization. We show that the LHCb data are consistent with the $k_T$-factorized LO NRQCD results. We show that the full LO NRQCD formalism cannot describe the recent CMS data, with about one order of magnitude discrepancy. If the CMS data are confirmed, this indicates rather large higher-order corrections for prompt double $J/ψ$ production. We provide various predictions which can further test the NRQCD-based approach at the LHC in a kinematic region that LO contributions dominate. We also investigate long-range in rapidity double $J/ψ$ correlations. We found no evidence of a ridge-like structure for double $J/ψ$ production in proton-proton collisions at the LHC up to subleading $α_s^6$ accuracy.
description: 10 pages, 14 figures; v2: version includes a complete LO NRQCD calculation in the kT-factorization approach, Color-Octet contributions added, 5 new plots added. The version to appear in PRD
title: Radiologic features of granulomatous hepatitis
Creators: name: Secil, Mustafa
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Inflammation
subject: Infection
subject: eLearning
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Liver
subject: Abdomen

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The purpose of this review is to describe imaging findings of granulomatous hepatitis (GH) on ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), emphasizing the diagnostic...
Laboratory Animal Allergy: Industrial Hygiene Groundwork For A Prospective Epidemiologic Study
Creators: name: Chalk, J. Lindsey
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1986

description: This paper discusses some basic principles of allergy and asthma, and provides an overview of laboratory animal allergy and aeroallergen quantitation methods. Laboratory animal worker exposures to total and respirable particulate concentrations were determined from personal samples (both time-weighted average and task specific) and area samples. All results were below threshold limit values for nuisance dust (10 mg/M^3-total, 5 mg/M-^3-respirable) and hardwood dust (1 mg/M^3). The highest particulate exposures existed in the area on the clean side of the automatic cage washers (0.97 mg/M^3-total, 0.05 mg/M^3-respirable, TWAs) where hardwood bedding chips were dispensed into clean cages. The respirable percent of the samples varied widely (5 to 100%). The air samples collected will be analyzed by RAST inhibition for rat urinary protein and rat dander, and will be used for dose determination in a prospective study on the development of laboratory animal allergy and asthma. A system of dose calculation and data presentation is suggested for the follow-up epidemiology.
Light Scattered by Particles on Reflective Surfaces
Creators: name: Yu, Rong C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1986

description: This report describes an analytical approach to light scattering from particles resting on reflective surfaces. The phenomenon of light scattering from particle-deposited surfaces depends on the optical characteristics of the particle, the surface, and the coated film individually and the combined optical effects among these three. Mie theory was used to compute scattering from the particle while ray tracing was used to estimate the influence of the surface. Four paths have been analyzed: (1) back scattering from a particle on which incident light impinges directly, (2) forward scattering from a particle of incident light reflected by a surface, (3) forward scattering from a particle, which then reflects from a surface to reach the detector, and (4) back scattering of reflected light which then reflects again from a surface to reach the detector. A "shadow factor" concept was developed and applied for numerical determination of the amount of light reflected from the surface for each path. Calculations were performed by a computer program using an IBM PC. The results of this study suggest a theory to quantitatively determine the light scattering from particles on reflective surfaces. Non-monotonic response for submicron particles was found. Particle location on the wafer is crucial and the presence of surface coatings always enhances response because of the shadow factor. A dominance index was developed to describe the relative magnitude of each path. Path Bl (reflect-scatter) was proved the most important, having a dominance index 95% at an incident angle of about 16° for the oxide thickness greater than 3 pm and 91% at an incident angle of about 21° for bare surfaces.
Additional file 2 of Effect of perioperative sigh ventilation on postoperative hypoxemia and pulmonary complications after on-pump cardiac surgery (E-SIGHT): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Wang, Zhichang
name: Cheng, Qiyu
name: Huang, Shenglun
name: Sun, Jie
name: Xu, Jingyuan
name: Xie, Jianfeng
name: Cao, Hailong
name: Guo, Fengmei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 2: eTable 1 Estimation of inspired oxygen fraction through different oxygen devices.
Supplementary materials for the IA paper
Creators: name: Chuyin, Zhang
name: Koh, Zhao Hui
name: Gallagher, Regan
name: Nishimoto, Shinji
name: Tsuchiya, Naotsugu
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cognitive Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: This project contains supplementary materials in the IA paper.
Laser induced ponderomotive convection in water
Creators: name: Shneider, M. N.
name: Semak, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new mechanism for inducing convection during IR laser interaction with water or any absorbing liquid is described theoretically. The numerical simulations performed using the developed model show that the optical pressure and ponderomotive forces produces water flow in the direction of the laser beam propagation. In the later stage of interaction, when water temperature rises, the Archimedes force becomes first comparable and then dominant producing convection directed against the vector of gravitational acceleration (upward). The theoretical estimates and the numerical simulations predict fluid dynamics that is similar to the observed in the previous experiments.
A Risk-Based Simulation Model for Drought Management in Durham, NC
Creators: name: Carter, Stephen C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: The Department of Environmental Resources of Durham, NC, owns and operates two raw water reservoirs: Lake Michie on the Flat River and the Little River reservoir. To ensure that reservoir releases are adequate to meet target demands, Durham has relied on mathematical models developed by Research Triangle Institute and the University of North Carolina. However, most of the modeling work predates theaddition of the Little River reservoir in 1988. In 1999, Durham decided to update its decision support system for drought management with a model that includes both reservoirs. This report describes a risk-based simulation model that was developed using 72-years of historical data for reservoir inflows, precipitation, and evaporation. The model simulates reservoir performance for each year of record using any target demand and any initial storage volume in any week of the year. The risk that target demand cannot be met is determined by the model in probabilistic terms to be used as criteria for drought management decisions. If a risk is considered unacceptable, alternative conservation policies can be explored with the model to determine an appropriate solution. An analysis of the impacts of alternative conservation policies on risk in meeting demand produced results that will be usefel in drought contingency planning by Durham. These findings define the effects of rationing, its duration, and start date of conservation on the risk that future demands can be met.
Simple, robust and on-demand generation of single and correlated photons
Creators: name: Sathyamoorthy, Sankar Raman
name: Bengtsson, Andreas
name: Bens, Steven
name: Simoen, Michaël
name: Delsing, Per
name: Johansson, Göran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose two different setups to generate single photons on demand using an atom in front of a mirror, along with either a beam-splitter or a tunable coupling. We show that photon generation efficiency ~99% is straightforward to achieve. The proposed schemes are simple and easily tunable in frequency. The operation is relatively insensitive to dephasing and can be easily extended to generate correlated pairs of photons. They can also in principle be used to generate any photonic qubit of the form $μ|0 \rangle + ν|1\rangle$ in arbitrary wave-packets, making them very attractive for quantum communication applications.
description: 10 pages, Added appendix
Quasisymmetric maps on Kakeya sets
Creators: name: Orponen, Tuomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: I show that $L^{p}-L^{q}$ estimates for the Kakeya maximal function yield lower bounds for the conformal dimension of Kakeya sets, and upper bounds for how much quasisymmetries can increase the Hausdorff dimension of line segments inside Kakeya sets. Combining the known $L^{p}-L^{q}$ estimates of Wolff and Katz-Tao with the main result of the paper, the conformal dimension of Kakeya sets in $\mathbb{R}^{n}$ is at least $\max\{(n + 2)/2,(4n + 3)/7\}$. Moreover, if $f$ is a quasisymmetry from a Kakeya set $K \subset \mathbb{R}^{n}$ onto any at most $n$-dimensional metric space, the $f$-image of a.e. line segment inside $K$ has dimension at most $\min\{2n/(n + 2),7n/(4n + 3)\}$. The Kakeya maximal function conjecture implies that the bounds can be improved to $n$ and $1$, respectively.
description: 11 pages. v3: corrected typos and added details, to appear in IMRN
Leakage Control: Practice in Industrialized Countries and An Approach For Developing Countries
Creators: name: Deer, Ruth E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1985

description: Piped water supply systems invariably lose water through undetected underground leakage. Not only is water being lost (often 10-15% of total water production in the U.S., and often over 40% in developing countries), but contaminated water may enter the system through the breaks. In developing countries, in spite of the great need for delivery of more and cleaner water, leakage has not been addressed very often. This is due in part to the technical difficulty of detecting underground leakage in systems where there are very few records, where the pressure is often so low as to make sonic detection methods difficult, and where lack of sufficient valving makes it difficult to measure flows to isolated portions of the system. More significantly, leakage is part of a greater management problem that stems from lack of institutional support, skilled personnel, and sufficient funds. Because no guidelines exist for leakage control even where the institutional capacity is in place, however, this report focuses on the technical aspects of leakage control in existing small and medium-sized water systems in developing countries. The report examines the causes of leakage, the methods of leak detection, leakage control policies practiced around the world, and finally gives suggestions for a simple procedure to establish priorities so that leakage control is carried out first where it will provide the greatest benefit per unit expenditure. Emphasis is placed on the need for an economic analysis of all leakage control programs.
title: The caffeine’s effect on the common carotid arteries intima-media thickness and elasticity parameters in non-habitual coffee drinkers; a pilot study.
Creators: name: Aandahl, Ingrid Jannicke
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Hypertension
subject: Sclerosis
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Vascular

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Studies show that caffeine increases arterial stiffness that may lead to various diseases in the cardiovascular system. The effects of caffeine depends on how strong the coffee is and quantity. We wanted to find an indication if one cup of...
Hartree-Fock Mean-Field Theory for Trapped Dirty Bosons
Creators: name: Khellil, Tama
name: Pelster, Axel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we work out in detail a non-perturbative approach to the dirty boson problem, which relies on the Hartree-Fock theory and the replica method. For a weakly interacting Bose gas within a trapped confinement and a delta-correlated disorder potential at finite temperature, we determine the underlying free energy. From it we determine via extremization self-consistency equations for the three components of the particle density, namely the condensate density, the thermal density, and the density of fragmented local Bose-Einstein condensates within the respective minima of the random potential landscape. Solving these self-consistency equations in one and three dimensions in two other publications has revealed how these three densities change for increasing disorder strength.
Additional file 1 of A Bayesian model to analyse the association of comorbidities with biosimilar treatment retention in a non-medical switch scenario in patients with inflammatory rheumatic musculoskeletal diseases
Creators: name: Redeker, Imke
name: Moustakis, Stefan
name: Tsiami, Styliani
name: Baraliakos, Xenofon
name: Kiefer, David
name: Andreica, Ioana
name: Buehring, Björn
name: Braun, Jürgen
name: Kiltz, Uta
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Supplementary Material 1.
Star Formation Suppression Due to Jet Feedback in Radio Galaxies with Shocked Warm Molecular Gas
Creators: name: Lanz, Lauranne
name: Ogle, Patrick M.
name: Alatalo, Katherine
name: Appleton, Philip N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Herschel observations of 22 radio galaxies, selected for the presence of shocked, warm molecular hydrogen emission. We measured and modeled spectral energy distributions (SEDs) in 33 bands from the ultraviolet to the far-infrared to investigate the impact of jet feedback on star formation activity. These galaxies are massive, early-type galaxies with normal gas-to-dust ratios, covering a range of optical and infrared colors. We find that the star formation rate (SFR) is suppressed by a factor of ~3-6, depending on how molecular gas mass is estimated. We suggest this suppression is due to the shocks driven by the radio jets injecting turbulence into the interstellar medium (ISM), which also powers the luminous warm H2 line emission. Approximately 25% of the sample shows suppression by more than a factor of 10. However, the degree of SFR suppression does not correlate with indicators of jet feedback including jet power, diffuse X-ray emission, or intensity of warm molecular H2 emission, suggesting that while injected turbulence likely impacts star formation, the process is not purely parameterized by the amount of mechanical energy dissipated into the ISM. Radio galaxies with shocked warm molecular gas cover a wide range in SFR-stellar mass space, indicating that these galaxies are in a variety of evolutionary states, from actively star-forming and gas-rich to quiescent and gas-poor. SFR suppression appears to have the largest impact on the evolution of galaxies that are moderately gas-rich.
description: 18 pages (+23 page appendix) in ApJ format, 14 main figures, 14 appendix figures, 5 tables, Accepted by ApJ
The Feasibility and Impact of Implementing Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation for Sidestream Nitrogen Removal from Dewatered Sludge Supernatant at Orange Water and Sewer Authority’s Mason Farm Wastewater Treatment Plant
Creators: name: Golluru, Bhargavi
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The Orange Water and Sewer Authority's Mason Farm Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) uses conventional nitrification to remove ammonium-nitrogen. The plant complies with its permit for total nitrogen discharge of 409,448 lbs/year. Starting in 2021 the limit will be reduced to 134,375 lbs/year, necessitating total nitrogen removal. One approach would be to remove nitrogen from the sidestreams resulting from sludge processing, such as dewatering supernatant. These sidestreams are combined with the mainstream influent of the WWTP, recirculating an estimated 15-20% of the nutrient load. Separate treatment of this nutrient-rich sidestream would significantly reduce the nitrogen load to the activated sludge system, ultimately reducing the energy and costs associated with mainstream nitrogen removal. To meet the future total nitrogen limitations, a sidestream nitrogen removal technology named ANITA™Mox, which uses nitritation (oxidation of ammonium to nitrite) and anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) processes, is proposed. Preliminary engineering design, costs and implementation methods are presented.
Gaussian quantum steering and its asymmetry in curved spacetime
Creators: name: Wang, Jieci
name: Cao, Haixin
name: Jing, Jiliang
name: Fan, Heng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study Gaussian quantum steering and its asymmetry in the background of a Schwarzschild black hole. We present a Gaussian channel description of quantum state evolution under the influence of the Hawking radiation. We find that thermal noise introduced by Hawking effect will destroy the steerability between an inertial observer Alice and an accelerated observer Bob who hovers outside the event horizon, while it generates steerability between Bob and a hypothetical observer anti-Bob inside the event horizon. Unlike entanglement behaviors in curved spacetime, here the steering from Alice to Bob suffers from a "sudden death" and the steering from anti-Bob to Bob experiences a "sudden birth" with increasing Hawking temperature. We also find that the Gaussian steering is always asymmetric and the maximum steering asymmetry cannot exceed $\ln 2$, which means the state never evolves to an extremal asymmetry state. Furthermore, we obtain the parameter settings that maximize steering asymmetry and find that (i) $s=arccosh(\frac{\cosh^2 r}{1-\sinh^2r})$ is the critical point of steering asymmetry, and (ii) the attainment of maximal steering asymmetry indicates the transition between one-way steerability and both-way steerability for the two-mode Gaussian state under the influence of Hawking radiation.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Nonlinear stratospheric variability: multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis and singularity spectra
Creators: name: Badin, Gualtiero
name: Domeisen, Daniela I. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Characterising the stratosphere as a turbulent system, temporal fluctuations often show different correlations for different time scales as well as intermittent behaviour that cannot be captured by a single scaling exponent. In this study, the different scaling laws in the long term stratospheric variability are studied using Multifractal de-trended Fluctuation Analysis. The analysis is performed comparing four re-analysis products and different realisations of an idealised numerical model, isolating the role of topographic forcing and seasonal variability, as well as the absence of climate teleconnections and small-scale forcing. The Northern Hemisphere (NH) shows a transition of scaling exponents for time scales shorter than about one year, for which the variability is multifractal and scales in time with a power law corresponding to a red spectrum, to longer time scales, for which the variability is monofractal and scales in time with a power law corresponding to white noise. Southern Hemisphere (SH) variability also shows a transition at annual scales. The SH also shows a narrower dynamical range in multifractality than the NH, as seen in the generalised Hurst exponent and in the singularity spectra. The numerical integrations show that the models are able to reproduce the low-frequency variability but are not able to fully capture the shorter term variability of the stratosphere.
title: Low-dose runoff CTA: effect of hybrid iterative reconstruction technique on image quality and diagnostic accuracy in comparison with standard DSA
Creators: name: Kondratiev, Evgeny
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Vascular
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Radiation safety
subject: Arteriosclerosis

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The purpose of our study was to compare two low-dose scanning protocols, and to estimate their effects on the signal, noise, effective radiation dose, quality of acquired data reconstructed using standard algorithm (FBP) to evaluate the effect of...
Waterborne Disease Outbreaks: A Systematic Review of the Health Effects of Drinking Water System Failures
Creators: name: Ligon, Grant Cargile
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Despite improvements in drinking water system regulation and waterborne disease outbreak surveillance over the last few decades, policymakers lack full understanding of the relative health effects of drinking water disease outbreaks that arise from failures within the treatment, distribution, and catchment realms of water supply. This lack of understanding is due in part to surveillance systems with data quality and quantity shortcomings, which limit analyses of outbreak trends and of the benefits of securing different realms of drinking water systems. No previous research has consolidated all worldwide waterborne disease outbreak literature to allow for standardization and synthesis of the scattered evidence. This work utilizes a systematic review to collate such evidence for 1,008 outbreak reports and assess 13 of the outbreaks with high quality relative risk health data in order to associate such data with water system deficiencies. The findings stress the needs for improved outbreak reporting and a different approach that looks into exposed group attack rates or absolute health burden. If developed, such an approach holds promise for establishing a water system health risk framework that can guide policymakers on setting health-based targets given their water system context and priorities.
Concurrent enhancement of percolation and synchronization in adaptive networks
Creators: name: Eom, Young-Ho
name: Boccaletti, Stefano
name: Caldarelli, Guido
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Co-evolutionary adaptive mechanisms are not only ubiquitous in nature, but also beneficial for the functioning of a variety of systems. We here consider an adaptive network of oscillators with a stochastic, fitness-based, rule of connectivity, and show that it self-organizes from fragmented and incoherent states to connected and synchronized ones. The synchronization and percolation are associated to abrupt transitions, and they are concurrently (and significantly) enhanced as compared to the non-adaptive case. Finally we provide evidence that only partial adaptation is sufficient to determine these enhancements. Our study, therefore, indicates that inclusion of simple adaptive mechanisms can efficiently describe some emergent features of networked systems' collective behaviors, and suggests also self-organized ways to control synchronization and percolation in natural and social systems.
description: Published in Scientific Reports