cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Long-term variability of T Tauri stars using WASP
Creators: name: Rigon, Laura
name: Scholz, Aleks
name: Anderson, David
name: West, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a reference study of the long-term optical variability of young stars using data from the WASP project. Our primary sample is a group of well-studied classical T Tauri stars (CTTS), mostly in Taurus-Auriga. WASP lightcurves cover timescales up to 7 years and typically contain 10000-30000 datapoints. We quantify the variability as function of timescale using the time-dependent standard deviation 'pooled sigma'. We find that the overwhelming majority of CTTS has low-level variability with sigma<0.3mag dominated by timescales of a few weeks, consistent with rotational modulation. Thus, for most young stars monitoring over a month is sufficient to constrain the total amount of variability over timescales up to a decade. The fraction of stars with strong optical variability (sigma>0.3mag) is 21% in our sample and 21% in an unbiased control sample. An even smaller fraction (13% in our sample, 6% in the control) show evidence for an increase in variability amplitude as a function of timescale from weeks to months or years. The presence of long-term variability correlates with the spectral slope at 3-5mu, which is an indicator of inner disk geometry, and with the U-B band slope, which is an accretion diagnostics. This shows that the long-term variations in CTTS are predominantly driven by processes in the inner disk and in the accretion zone. Four of the stars with long-term variations show periods of 20-60d, significantly longer than the rotation periods and stable over months to years. One possible explanation are cyclic changes in the interaction between the disk and the stellar magnetic field.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
A Characterization of Most(More) Powerful Test Statistics with Simple Nonparametric Applications
Creators: name: Vexler, Albert
name: Hutson, Alan D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Data-driven most powerful tests are statistical hypothesis decision-making tools that deliver the greatest power against a fixed null hypothesis among all corresponding data-based tests of a given size. When the underlying data distributions are known, the likelihood ratio principle can be applied to conduct most powerful tests. Reversing this notion, we consider the following questions. (a) Assuming a test statistic, say T, is given, how can we transform T to improve the power of the test? (b) Can T be used to generate the most powerful test? (c) How does one compare test statistics with respect to an attribute of the desired most powerful decision-making procedure? To examine these questions, we propose one-to-one mapping of the term 'Most Powerful' to the distribution properties of a given test statistic via matching characterization. This form of characterization has practical applicability and aligns well with the general principle of sufficiency. Findings indicate that to improve a given test, we can employ relevant ancillary statistics that do not have changes in their distributions with respect to tested hypotheses. As an example, the present method is illustrated by modifying the usual t-test under nonparametric settings. Numerical studies based on generated data and a real-data set confirm that the proposed approach can be useful in practice.
description: Accepted
Backend For Frontend : Notes
Creators: name: LeFrançois, Marc
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Backend For Frontend (BFF)
Pattern
Architecture Logiciel

description: L’utilisation d’une couche ou application BFF (Backend For Frontend) est utile lorsque le système possède des interfaces différentes, afin d’avoir un rendu de données spécifique en fonction du besoin de chacune desdites interfaces. Cela présente notamment l’avantage d'économiser de la bande passante via l'optimisation des requêtes suivants le besoin ; c’est le travail que fait le BFF.
Local equilibrium and Lambda polarization in high energy heavy ion collisions
Creators: name: Palermo, Andrea
name: Becattini, Francesco
name: Buzzegoli, Matteo
name: Inghirami, Gabriele
name: Karpenko, Iurii
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The polarization of the $Λ$ hyperon has become an important probe of the Quark-Gluon Plasma produced in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Recently, it has been found that polarization receives a substantial contribution from a local equilibrium term proportional to the symmetric derivative of the four-temperature vector, the thermal shear tensor. We show that, at very high energies, this term can restore the agreement between the experimental measurements and the predictions of the hydrodynamic model, provided that the hadronization hypersurface is isothermal. We review the theoretical derivation of this new term, discuss numerical computations at RHIC and LHC energies, and compare them with the experimental data. We also present the effect of feed-down corrections.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, presented at the 20th international conference on Strangeness in Quark Matter (SQM 2022) v2: Added ancillary files for the figures. Figure 2 has been corrected
Asymptotic behavior of homogeneous additive functionals of the solutions of Itô stochastic differential equations with nonregular dependence on parameter
Creators: name: Kulinich, Grigorij
name: Kushnirenko, Svitlana
name: Mishura, Yuliia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the asymptotic behavior of mixed functionals of the form $I_T(t)=F_T(ξ_T(t))+\int_0^tg_T(ξ_T(s))\,dξ_T(s)$, $t\ge0$, as $T\to\infty$. Here $ξ_T(t)$ is a strong solution of the stochastic differential equation $dξ_T(t)=a_T(ξ_T(t))\,dt+dW_T(t)$, $T>0$ is a parameter, $a_T=a_T(x)$ are measurable functions such that $\left|a_T(x)\right|\leq C_T$ for all $x\in \mathbb {R}$, $W_T(t)$ are standard Wiener processes, $F_T=F_T(x)$, $x\in \mathbb {R}$, are continuous functions, $g_T=g_T(x)$, $x\in \mathbb {R}$, are locally bounded functions, and everything is real-valued. The explicit form of the limiting processes for $I_T(t)$ is established under very nonregular dependence of $g_T$ and $a_T$ on the parameter $T$.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.15559/16-VMSTA58 in the Modern Stochastics: Theory and Applications (https://www.i-journals.org/vtxpp/VMSTA) by VTeX (http://www.vtex.lt/)
Token-passing Optimal Reduction with Embedded Read-back
Creators: name: Salikhmetov, Anton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce a new interaction net implementation of optimal reduction for the pure untyped lambda calculus. Unlike others, our implementation allows to reach normal form regardless of the interaction net reduction strategy using the approach of so-called token-passing nets and a non-deterministic extension for interaction nets. Another new feature is the read-back mechanism implemented without leaving the formalism of interaction nets.
description: In Proceedings TERMGRAPH 2016, arXiv:1609.03014
Combined Partial Wave Analysis for the description of exclusive $p+p \to p + K^+ + Λ$ production
Creators: name: Muenzer, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The production of p K+ Λ in elementary p + p collision was investigated using the Bonn Gatchina Partial Wave Analysis framework. This approach allows the determination of possible participating production wave depending on the quantum numbers of the system. For the analysis seven data samples, measured at different detectors and beam energies, were used.For the extraction of the pΛ scattering length a cross check with established methods is required. Furthermore the total cross section of the production process is needed to be determined to extra cross section for the separate waves. Both methods are described in this work.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Energy and Bursty Packet Loss Tradeoff over Fading Channels: A System Level Model
Creators: name: Butt, M. Majid
name: Jorswieck, Eduard A.
name: Mohamed, Amr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Energy efficiency and quality of service (QoS) guarantees are the key design goals for the 5G wireless communication systems. In this context, we discuss a multiuser scheduling scheme over fading channels for loss tolerant applications. The loss tolerance of the application is characterized in terms of different parameters that contribute to quality of experience for the application. The mobile users are scheduled opportunistically such that a minimum QoS is guaranteed. We propose an opportunistic scheduling scheme and address the cross layer design framework when channel state information is not perfectly available at the transmitter and the receiver. We characterize the system energy as a function of different QoS and channel state estimation error parameters. The optimization problem is formulated using Markov chain framework and solved using stochastic optimization techniques. The results demonstrate that the parameters characterizing the packet loss are tightly coupled and relaxation of one parameter does not benefit the system much if the other constraints are tight. We evaluate the energy-performance trade-off numerically and show the effect of channel uncertainty on the packet scheduler design.
Efficient Completion of Weighted Automata
Creators: name: Waldmann, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider directed graphs with edge labels from a semiring. We present an algorithm that allows efficient execution of queries for existence and weights of paths, and allows updates of the graph: adding nodes and edges, and changing weights of existing edges. We apply this method in the construction of matchbound certificates for automatically proving termination of string rewriting. We re-implement the decomposition/completion algorithm of Endrullis et al. (2006) in our framework, and achieve comparable performance.
description: In Proceedings TERMGRAPH 2016, arXiv:1609.03014
Half-Day Vulnerabilities: A study of the First Days of CVE Entries
Creators: name: Khanmohammadi, Kobra
name: Khoury, Raphael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The National Vulnerability Disclosure Database is an invaluable source of information for security professionals and researchers. However, in some cases, a vulnerability report is initially published with incomplete information, a situation that complicates incident response and mitigation. In this paper, we perform an empirical study of vulnerabilities that are initially submitted with an incomplete report, and present key findings related to their frequency, nature, and the time needed to update them. We further present a novel ticketing process that is tailored to addressing the problems related to such vulnerabilities and demonstrate the use of this system with a real-life use case.
description: Please cite as: Kobra Khanmohammadi & Raphael Khoury, Half-Day Vulnerabilities: A study of the First Days of CVE Entries, The Conference on Applied Machine Learning in Information Security (CAMLIS), Arlington, VI, USA, oct. 22
Imaging electrostatically confined Dirac fermions in graphene quantum dots
Creators: name: Lee, Juwon
name: Wong, Dillon
name: Velasco, Jairo
name: Rodriguez-Nieva, Joaquin F.
name: Kahn, Salman
name: Tsai, Hsin-Zon
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Zettl, Alex
name: Wang, Feng
name: Levitov, Leonid S.
name: Crommie, Michael F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electrostatic confinement of charge carriers in graphene is governed by Klein tunneling, a relativistic quantum process in which particle-hole transmutation leads to unusual anisotropic transmission at pn junction boundaries. Reflection and transmission at these novel potential barriers should affect the quantum interference of electronic wavefunctions near these boundaries. Here we report the use of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) to map the electronic structure of Dirac fermions confined by circular graphene pn junctions. These effective quantum dots were fabricated using a new technique involving local manipulation of defect charge within the insulating substrate beneath a graphene monolayer. Inside such graphene quantum dots we observe energy levels corresponding to quasi-bound states and we spatially visualize the quantum interference patterns of confined electrons. Dirac fermions outside these quantum dots exhibit Friedel oscillation-like behavior. Bolstered with a theoretical model describing relativistic particles in a harmonic oscillator potential, our findings yield new insight into the spatial behavior of electrostatically confined Dirac fermions.
description: 4 figures
From the vapor-liquid coexistence region to the supercritical fluid: the van der Waals fluid
Creators: name: Liu, Hongqin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work the interface system of the van der Waals fluid is investigated by using the density gradient theory incorporated with the mean-field theory. Based on the mean-field dividing interface generated by the Maxwell construction, we propose a highly accurate density profile model for the density gradient theory, which facilitates reliable predictions of various properties for the interface region. It is found that the local intrinsic Helmholtz free energy peaks at the interface and that the maximum difference of the normal and tangential components of the pressure tensor corresponds to the maximum of the intrinsic Gibbs free energy. It is found that the entire phase space is divided into gas-like and liquid-like regions by the single line composed of the mean-field interface and the Widom line. The two-fluid feature of the supercritical fluid is hence inherited from the coexistence region. Phase diagrams extended into the coexistence region in all the temperature-pressure-volume planes are thus completed with the solutions to the vapor-liquid equilibrium problem by the van der Waals equation of state.
description: 19 pages, 6+ Figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2110.07838
Solvent mediated forces in critical fluids
Creators: name: Anzini, Pietro
name: Parola, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effective interaction between two planar walls immersed in a fluid is investigated by use of Density Functional Theory in the super-critical region of the phase diagram. A hard core Yukawa model of fluid is studied with special attention to the critical region. To achieve this goal a new formulation of the Weighted Density Approximation coupled with the Hierarchical Reference Theory, able to deal with critical long wavelength fluctuations, is put forward and compared with other approaches. The effective interaction between the walls is seen to change character on lowering the temperature: The strong oscillations induced by layering of the molecules, typical of the depletion mechanism in hard core systems, are gradually smoothed and, close to the critical point, a long range attractive tail emerges leading to a scaling form which agrees with the expectations based on the critical Casimir effect. Strong corrections to scaling are seen to affect the results up to very small reduced temperatures. By use of Derjaguin approximation, this investigation has natural implications for the aggregation of colloidal particles in critical solvents.
description: 15 pages, 16 figures
Simple 4-segment thermal cycling pyroelectric measurement protocol for differentiating between ferroelectric and non-ferroelectric materials
Creators: name: Wagh, Aditya A.
name: Bhat, Shwetha G.
name: Anusree, V. K.
name: Santhosh, P. N.
name: Elizabeth, Suja
name: Kumar, P. S. Anil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rare-earth chromates (RECrO$_3$) and manganites (REMnO$_3$) where, RE = Eu, Y, Dy, Ho, Gd are constantly under scrutiny in search of room temperature magnetoelectric multiferroics. However, the artefacts and undesirable signal in some of the measurements pose a severe challenge in confirming the ferroelectric (FE) phase, especially in reference to pyroelectric current measurement technique. In this regard, we propose a simple modified approach to pyroelectric current measurement named as 4-segment thermal cycling protocol. This protocol assists in isolating the elusive, irreversible thermally stimulated current from the currents associated with spontaneous and reversible nature of the electric polarization in FE phase. In order to explain working principle of the protocol, we have compared simulated response of two hypothetical materials; an FE material free of space charges and a paraelectric material possessing only space charges. Further, we experimentally verify these new protocols in a single crystal of prototype ferroelectric material, Glycine Phosphite. This report primarily focuses on detailed investigation of ferroelectricity using the proposed protocol in two polycrystalline materials, HoCrO$_3$ and DyFe$_{0.5}$Mn$_{0.5}$O$_3$ where, the former has been reported to be multiferroic earlier. Our elaborative and careful approach to pyroelectric studies expound on the absence of reversible spontaneous electric polarization at temperature ranges tested in both, HoCrO$_3$ and DyFe$_{0.5}$Mn$_{0.5}$O$_3$.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
Proceedings of the Seventh International Symposium on Games, Automata, Logics and Formal Verification
Creators: name: Cantone, Domenico
name: Delzanno, Giorgio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This volume contains the proceedings of the Seventh International Symposium on Games, Automata, Logic and Formal Verification (GandALF 2016). The symposium took place in Catania, Italy, from the 14th to the 16th of September 2016. The proceedings of the symposium contain abstracts of the 3 invited talks and 21 full papers that were accepted after a careful evaluation for presentation at the conference. The topics of the accepted papers cover algorithmic game theory, automata theory, synthesis, formal verification, and dynamic, modal and temporal logics.
Singularities of metrics on Hodge bundles and their topological invariants
Creators: name: Eriksson, Dennis
name: Montplet, Gerard Freixas i
name: Mourougane, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J32, 58K55, 58J52 (Primary), 58K65, 14J70 (Secondary)

description: We consider degenerations of complex projective Calabi--Yau varieties and study the singularities of $L^2$, Quillen and BCOV metrics on Hodge and determinant bundles. The dominant and subdominant terms in the expansions of the metrics close to non-smooth fibers are shown to be related to well-known topological invariants of singularities, such as limit Hodge structures, vanishing cycles and log-canonical thresholds. We also describe corresponding invariants for more general degenerating families in the case of the Quillen metric.
The excess demand for labour : some measurement problems with special reference to Australia
Creators: name: Lampe, G. L. .
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
To $v_\infty$ and beyond! The He I absorption variability across the 2014.6 periastron passage of $η$ Carinae
Creators: name: Richardson, Noel D.
name: Madura, Thomas I.
name: St-Jean, Lucas
name: Moffat, Anthony F. J.
name: Gull, Theodore R.
name: Russell, Christopher M. P.
name: Damineli, Augusto
name: Teodoro, Mairan
name: Corcoran, Michael F.
name: Walter, Frederick M.
name: Clementel, Nicola
name: Groh, José H.
name: Hamaguchi, Kenji
name: Hillier, D. John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have monitored the massive binary star $η$ Carinae with the CTIO/SMARTS 1.5~m telescope and CHIRON spectrograph from the previous apastron passage of the system through the recent 2014.6 periastron passage. Our monitoring has resulted in a large, homogeneous data set with an unprecedented time-sampling, spectral resolving power, and signal-to-noise. This allowed us to investigate temporal variability previously unexplored in the system and discover a kinematic structure in the P Cygni absorption troughs of neutral helium wind lines. The features observed occurred prior to the periastron passage and are seen as we look through the trailing arm of the wind-wind collision shock cone. We show that the bulk of the variability is repeatable across the last five periastron passages, and that the absorption occurs in the inner 230 AU of the system. In addition, we found an additional, high-velocity absorption component super-imposed on the P Cygni absorption troughs that has been previously un-observed in these lines, but which bears resemblance to the observations of the He~I $λ$10830 Å feature across previous cycles. Through a comparison of the current smoothed particle hydrodynamical simulations, we show that the observed variations are likely caused by instabilities in the wind-wind collision region in our line-of-sight, coupled with stochastic variability related to clumping in the winds.
description: accepted to MNRAS, 28 pages including 14 figures and a 9 page appendix
Joint Privacy Enhancement and Quantization in Federated Learning
Creators: name: Lang, Natalie
name: Sofer, Elad
name: Shaked, Tomer
name: Shlezinger, Nir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Federated learning (FL) is an emerging paradigm for training machine learning models using possibly private data available at edge devices. The distributed operation of FL gives rise to challenges that are not encountered in centralized machine learning, including the need to preserve the privacy of the local datasets, and the communication load due to the repeated exchange of updated models. These challenges are often tackled individually via techniques that induce some distortion on the updated models, e.g., local differential privacy (LDP) mechanisms and lossy compression. In this work we propose a method coined joint privacy enhancement and quantization (JoPEQ), which jointly implements lossy compression and privacy enhancement in FL settings. In particular, JoPEQ utilizes vector quantization based on random lattice, a universal compression technique whose byproduct distortion is statistically equivalent to additive noise. This distortion is leveraged to enhance privacy by augmenting the model updates with dedicated multivariate privacy preserving noise. We show that JoPEQ simultaneously quantizes data according to a required bit-rate while holding a desired privacy level, without notably affecting the utility of the learned model. This is shown via analytical LDP guarantees, distortion and convergence bounds derivation, and numerical studies. Finally, we empirically assert that JoPEQ demolishes common attacks known to exploit privacy leakage.
Saccade target binding
Creators: name: Golomb, Julie
name: Tzu-Yao Chiu
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cognitive Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Cognition and Perception
subject: Eye Movement
subject: Saccade
subject: Object-Location Binding

description: This study investigates does saccade target status affect the spatial reference frame of object-location binding.
Effects of the quark-hadron phase transition on highly magnetized neutron stars
Creators: name: Franzon, B.
name: Gomes, R. O.
name: Schramm, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The presence of quark-hadron phase transitions in neutron stars can be related to several interesting phenomena. In particular, previous calculations have shown that fast rotating neutron stars, when subjected to a quark-hadron phase transition in their interiors, could give rise to the backbending phenomenon characterized by a spin-up era. In this work, we use an equation of state composed of two phases, containing nucleons (and leptons) and quarks. The hadronic phase is described in a relativistic mean field formalism that takes many-body forces into account, and the quark phase is described by the MIT bag model with a vector interaction. Stationary and axi-symmetric stellar models are obtained in a self-consistent way by solving numerically the Einstein-Maxwell equations by means of a pseudo-spectral method. As a result, we obtain the interesting backbending phenomenon for fast spinning neutron stars. More importantly, we show that a magnetic field, which is assumed to be axi-symmetric and poloidal, can also be enhanced due to the phase transition from normal hadronic matter to quark matter on highly magnetized neutron stars. Therefore, in parallel to the spin-up era, classes of neutron stars endowed with strong magnetic fields may go through a "magnetic-up era" in their lives.
description: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 2016
title: Keine wirksame Anbringung eines Strafantrags mittels »einfacher« E-Mail
title: BGH, Beschluss vom 12. Mai 2022 – 5 StR 398/21, für BGHSt bestimmt
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Hauser, Nils Alexander
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 340 Recht

description: Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers (De Gruyter) frei zugänglich.
A phase space approach to supercooled liquids and a universal collapse of their viscosity
Creators: name: Weingartner, Nicholas B.
name: Pueblo, Chris
name: Nogueira, Flavio S.
name: Kelton, K. F.
name: Nussinov, Zohar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A broad fundamental understanding of the mechanisms underlying the phenomenology of supercooled liquids has remained elusive, despite decades of intense exploration. When supercooled beneath its characteristic melting temperature, a liquid sees a sharp rise in its viscosity over a narrow temperature range, eventually becoming frozen on laboratory timescales. Explaining this immense increase in viscosity is one of the principle goals of condensed matter physicists. To that end, numerous theoretical frameworks have been proposed which explain and reproduce the temperature dependence of the viscosity of supercooled liquids. Each of these frameworks appears only applicable to specific classes of glassformers and each possess a number of variable parameters. Here we describe a classical framework for explaining the dynamical behavior of supercooled liquids based on statistical mechanical considerations, and possessing only a single variable parameter. This parameter varies weakly from liquid to liquid. Furthermore, as predicted by this new classical theory and its earlier quantum counterpart, we find with the aid of a small dimensionless constant that varies in size from $\sim 0.05-0.12$, a universal (16 decade) collapse of the viscosity data as a function of temperature. The collapse appears in all known types of glass forming supercooled liquids (silicates, metallic alloys, organic systems, chalcogenide, sugars, and water).
description: 14 pages, 7 figures
Particle production as a function of underlying-event activity and very forward energy with ALICE
Creators: name: Fan, Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements of charged-particle production in pp and p-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s}_{\rm NN}=5.02$ TeV in the toward, away and transverse regions are discussed. These three regions are defined event by event relative to the track with the largest transverse momentum ($p_{\rm T}^{\rm trig}$). The transverse region is sensitive to the underlying event (UE), but it also includes contributions from initial- and final-state radiation (ISR-FSR). Therefore, it is further subdivided in two regions, defined according to their relative multiplicity: trans-max (the sub-transverse region with the largest multiplicity) and trans-min (the sub-transverse region with the smallest multiplicity) regions which are sensitive to UE and ISR-FSR, respectively. KNO-like scaling properties are explored in the three defined transverse regions. Finally, the relationship between $p_{\rm T}^{\rm trig}$ and the energy detected in a region close to beam rapidity (very forward energy) is reported.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, proceeding of the 20th International Conference on Strangeness in Quark Matter (2022), Busan, Republic of Korea
Unexpected catalytic activity of nanorippled graphene
Creators: name: Sun, P. Z.
name: Xiong, W. Q.
name: Bera, A.
name: Timokhin, I.
name: Wu, Z. F.
name: Mishchenko, A.
name: Sellers, M. C.
name: Liu, B. L.
name: Cheng, H. M.
name: Janzen, E.
name: Edgar, J. H.
name: Grigorieva, I. V.
name: Yuan, S. J.
name: Geim, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Graphite is one of the most chemically inert materials. Its elementary constituent, monolayer graphene, is generally expected to inherit most of the parent material's properties including chemical inertness. Here we show that, unlike graphite, defect-free monolayer graphene exhibits a strong activity with respect to splitting molecular hydrogen, which is comparable to that of metallic and other known catalysts for this reaction. We attribute the unexpected catalytic activity to surface corrugations (nanoscale ripples), a conclusion supported by theory. Nanoripples are likely to play a role in other chemical reactions involving graphene and, because nanorippling is inherent to atomically thin crystals, can be important for two dimensional materials in general.
Multiplicity and concentration behavior of solutions to the critical Kirchhoff type problem
Creators: name: Zhang, Jian
name: Zou, Wenming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we study the multiplicity and concentration of the positive solutions to the following critical Kirchhoff type problem: \begin{equation*} -\left(\varepsilon^2 a+\varepsilon b\int_{\R^3}|\nabla u|^2\mathrm{d} x\right)Δu + V(x) u = f(u)+u^5\ \ {\rm in } \ \ \R^3, \end{equation*} where $\varepsilon$ is a small positive parameter, $a$, $b$ are positive constants, $V \in C(\mathbb{R}^3)$ is a positive potential, $f \in C^1(\R^+, \R)$ is a subcritical nonlinear term, $u^5$ is a pure critical nonlinearity. When $\varepsilon>0$ small, we establish the relationship between the number of positive solutions and the profile of the potential $V$. The exponential decay at infinity of the solution is also obtained. In particular, we show that each solution concentrates around a local strict minima of $V$ as $\varepsilon \rightarrow 0$.
Modern Religiosity and the Construction of Sacrality in Space: A study of roadside temples and e-darshans
Creators: name: Ray, Shubhlaxmi
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Religion, spatiality, Hinduism, roadside temples, e-darshan, sacrality

description: Debates on the role of religion in public and political life grow in complexity in contemporary times. Post-colonial interactions between modernity and tradition are redefined by modern technology and its refashioning of global community links and encouraging creative forms of self-expression. Rather than retreating from an increasingly homogenised public sphere, religion enriches the Indian public sphere, complicating its politics and guiding its spatial experience. Premised upon this understanding, this paper aims to push the frontiers of scholarship on secularism and modern Hindu religious practices in the spatial contexts of roadside temples and digital spaces. I argue that, rather than solely through scriptural conventions, sacrality is invoked within the unlikeliest of spaces through the beliefs and practices of people within certain spaces upon which they choose to confer this quality. These forms of spatial praxis indicate an intensive engagement with modernity in designing faith and religiosity.
MPEC 2023-P84 : 2020 UL1
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Curl Forces and the Nonlinear Fokker-Planck Equation
Creators: name: Wedemann, R. S.
name: Plastino, A. R.
name: Tsallis, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlinear Fokker-Planck equations endowed with curl drift forces are investigated. The conditions under which these evolution equations admit stationary solutions, which are $q$-exponentials of an appropriate potential function, are determined. It is proved that when these stationary solutions exist, the nonlinear Fokker-Planck equations satisfy an $H$-theorem in terms of a free-energy like quantity involving the $S_q$ entropy. A particular two dimensional model admitting analytical, time-dependent, $q$-Gaussian solutions is discussed in detail. This model describes a system of particles with short-range interactions, performing overdamped motion under drag effects, due to a rotating resisting medium. It is related to models that have been recently applied to the study of type-II superconductors. The relevance of the present developments to the study of complex systems in physics, astronomy, and biology, is discussed.
A regular version of the extremal RN spacetime
Creators: name: Culetu, Hristu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A modified extremal Reissner-Nordstrom geometry, void of singularities, is proposed in this work, by means of an exponential factor depending on a positive constant $k$. All the metric coefficients are positive and finite and the spacetime has no any horizon. The curvature invariants are regular at the origin of coordinates and at infinity. The energy conditions for the stress tensor associate to the imperfect fluid are investigated. The gravitational field presents repulsive properties near the gravitational radius associated to the mass $m$. With the choice $k = 1/m$, the Komar energy $W_{K}$ of the mass $m$ changes its sign at $r = λ$ ($λ$ is the Compton wavelength of $m$), when the classical energy $mc^{2}$ equals the energy $\hbar c/r$.
description: 10 pages, no figures, accepted by Phys. Lett. B 839C (2023) 137775
The impact of red-giant asteroseismology on Galactic Archaeology
Creators: name: Anders, Friedrich
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Galactic archaeology
asteroseismology
red giants
Gaia
stellar spectroscopic surveys

description: This talk contains a review of the advances of Galactic archaeology in the last 10 years, with a particular focus on studies that have become possible thanks to ensemble asteroseismology with CoRoT, Kepler, K2, and TESS - in combination with Gaia and large ground-based spectroscopic surveys. Red-giant stars are particularly interesting for Galactic archaeology studies, since they are numerous, bright, and cover a wide range of stellar ages. Even in the PLATO era, red-giant ages derived from joint asteroseismic and spectroscopic constraints will only be available for select samples in certain fields. Therefore, Galactic archaeologists typically use the much larger coverage of spectroscopic surveys like APOGEE, GALAH, LAMOST, or Gaia RVS to make inferences about the Galactic past. However, whenever age becomes a crucial parameter, asteroseismology is needed to obtain meaningful results. The future for Galactic archaeology studies with PLATO (combined with the next Gaia data releases) is even brighter.
description: Talk at PLATO stellar science meeting, Milazzo 2023
Critical Properties of Symmetric Nuclear Matter in Low-Density Regime Using Effective-Relativistic Mean Field Formalism
Creators: name: Parmar, Vishal
name: Sharma, Manoj K
name: Patra, S K
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effective field theory motivated relativistic mean-field (E-RMF) formalism is employed to study the equation of state (EoS) for the infinite symmetric nuclear matter at finite temperature using the recently developed forces FSUGarnet, IOPB-I, G3, and the well known NL3 force parameter. The EoS is then used to estimate the critical temperature $T_c$, pressure $P_c$ and density $ρ_c$ of the symmetric nuclear matter for the liquid-gas phase transition. As $T_c$ is not a constrained parameter in both experiments and theoretical calculations, there is a large uncertainty around its value. Although, the critical parameters are correlated among themselves. It is revealed that vector self-coupling $ζ_0$ of used forces play determining role in EoS in finite temperature limit. Keeping the incompressibility in acceptable limit i.e. 240$\pm$ 20 MeV, the lower value of $ζ_0$ gives a better result of $T_c$ when compared to the several experimental data. The critical parameters however show weak correlation with the properties at saturation density at zero temperature. The compressibility factors calculated with these parameters are in agreement with the universal value of liquid-gas systems. Stability conditions are examined along with binodal and spinodal regions. Besides this, the thermodynamic properties like specific heat and latent heat are also worked out. We have carried out detailed consistency check of our calculations using critical exponents and standard scaling laws. All the exponents are well within the theoretical mean-field results.
Room-temperature coherent optical manipulation of single-hole spins in solution-grown perovskite quantum dots
Creators: name: Lin, Xuyang
name: Han, Yaoyao
name: Zhu, Jingyi
name: Wu, Kaifeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Manipulation of solid-state spin coherence is an important paradigm for quantum information processing. Current systems either operate at very low temperatures or are difficult to scale-up. Developing low-cost, scalable materials whose spins can be coherently manipulated at room temperature is thus highly-attractive for a sustainable future of quantum information science. Here we report ambient-condition all-optical initialization, manipulation and readout of single-hole spins in an ensemble of solution-grown CsPbBr3 perovskite QDs. Single-hole spins are obtained by sub-picosecond electron scavenging following a circularly-polarized femtosecond-pulse excitation. A transversal magnetic field induces spin precession, and a second off-resonance femtosecond-pulse coherently rotates hole spins via strong light-matter interaction. These operations accomplish nearly complete quantum-state control of single-hole spins at room temperature.
MPEC 2023-P85 : 2020 XP
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Magnetic activity of red giants: impact of tidal interactions on magnetic fields
Creators: name: Gehan, Charlotte
name: Gaulme, Patrick
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: According to dynamo theory, stars with convective envelopes efficiently generate surface magnetic fields, which manifest as magnetic activity in the form of starspots, faculae, flares, when their rotation period is shorter than their convective turnover time. Most red giants, having undergone significant spin down while expanding, have slow rotation, thus no spots. However, some red giants that belong to close binary systems display a photospheric activity measured from photometric time series produced by the NASA Kepler mission, which is about an order of magnitude larger than that of single red giants with similar rotation periods. In order to investigate whether binarity leads to larger magnetic fields when tides lock systems, or if a different spot distribution on single versus close binary red giants can explain this fact, we measured the chromospheric emission in the CaII H & K lines of LAMOST optical spectra. We find that red giants belonging to binary systems in a configuration of spin-orbit resonance display significantly larger chromospheric emission than single stars, suggesting that tidal interactions lead to larger magnetic fields. In other words, the large magnetic field of red giants in close binary systems is not only due to the faster rotation rate induced by tidal interactions. Somehow, our work resuscitates an old speculation about a special binary-induced dynamo activity.
Continuous Risk Measures for Driving Support
Creators: name: Eggert, Julian
name: Puphal, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we compare three different model-based risk measures by evaluating their stengths and weaknesses qualitatively and testing them quantitatively on a set of real longitudinal and intersection scenarios. We start with the traditional heuristic Time-To-Collision (TTC), which we extend towards 2D operation and non-crash cases to retrieve the Time-To-Closest-Encounter (TTCE). The second risk measure models position uncertainty with a Gaussian distribution and uses spatial occupancy probabilities for collision risks. We then derive a novel risk measure based on the statistics of sparse critical events and so-called survival conditions. The resulting survival analysis shows to have an earlier detection time of crashes and less false positive detections in near-crash and non-crash cases supported by its solid theoretical grounding. It can be seen as a generalization of TTCE and the Gaussian method which is suitable for the validation of ADAS and AD.
Model-based spectral coherence analysis
Creators: name: Abootorabi, Seyedalireza
name: Zare, Armin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Recent data-driven efforts have utilized spectral decomposition techniques to uncover the geometric self-similarity of dominant motions in the logarithmic layer, and thereby validate the attached eddy model. In this paper, we evaluate the predictive capability of the stochastically forced linearized Navier-Stokes equations in capturing such structural features in turbulent channel flow at $Re_τ=2003$. We use the linear coherence spectrum to quantify the wall-normal coherence within the velocity field generated by the linearized dynamics. In addition to the linearized Navier-Stokes equations around the turbulent mean velocity profile, we consider an enhanced variant in which molecular viscosity is augmented with turbulent eddy-viscosity. We use judiciously shaped white- and colored-in-time stochastic forcing to generate a statistical response with energetic attributes that are consistent with the result of direct numerical simulation (DNS). Specifically, white-in-time forcing is scaled to ensure that the two-dimensional energy spectrum is reproduced and colored-in-time forcing is shaped to match normal and shear stress profiles. We show that the addition of eddy-viscosity significantly strengthens the self-similar attributes of the resulting stochastic velocity field within the logarithmic layer and leads to an inner-scaled coherence spectrum. We use this coherence spectrum to extract the energetic signature of self-similar motions that actively contribute to momentum transfer and are responsible for producing Reynolds shear stress. Our findings support the use of colored-in-time forcing in conjunction with the dynamic damping afforded by turbulent eddy-viscosity in improving predictions of the scaling trends associated with such active motions in accordance with DNS-based spectral decomposition.
description: 32 pages, 15 figures