cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Nuclear Surface Acoustic Resonance with Spin-Rotation Coupling
Creators: name: Usami, Koji
name: Takeda, Kazuyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that, under an appropriate out-of-plane static magnetic field, nuclear spins in a thin specimen on a surface acoustic wave (SAW) cavity can be resonantly excited and detected through spin-rotation coupling. Since such a SAW cavity can have the quality factor as high as $10^{4}$ and the mode volume as small as $10^{-2}$ mm$^{3}$ the signal-to-noise ratio in detecting the resonance is estimated to be quite high. We argue that detecting nuclear spin resonance of a single flake of an atomically-thin layer of two-dimensional semiconductor, which has so far been beyond hope with the conventional inductive method, can be a realistic target with the proposed scheme.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures
Schemes to Regulate Non-Point Water Pollution: Making Sense of Experimental Results
Creators: name: Pushkarskaya, Helen N.
name: Pushkarskaya, Helen N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Three theoretical non-point water pollution (NPS) control schemes were tested repeatedly in experimental studies tax-subsidy scheme (K. Segerson, 1988), collective fining (Xepapadeas, 1991) and random fining (Xepapadeas, 1991). Camacho and Requate (2004) summarized results reported by Spraggon (2002), Vossler et al (2002), Cochard et al (2002), and Alpizar et al (2004) and replicated their experiments. This paper discusses similarity and differences among all the reported results and in particular the following two. First, both collective fining and random fining induce abatement under the target, their performance deteriorates over time and is relatively consistent over the replications. Second, tax-subsidy scheme induced abatement over the target, its performance is consistent over periods, but not over the replications.
Search for and investigation of new stellar clusters using the data from huge stellar catalogues
Creators: name: Koposov, Sergey
name: Glushkova, Elena
name: Zolotukhin, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new automatic methods of search for star clusters using the data available in new huge stellar catalogues. Using 2MASS catalogue we have discovered over ten new open clusters in the region of Galaxy anticenter and determined their physical parameters.
description: Proceedings of the 79th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Astronomische Gesellschaft, Cologne(Germany), September 2005
Subwavelength metallic waveguides loaded by uniaxial resonant scatterers
Creators: name: Belov, Pavel A.
name: Simovski, Constantin R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dispersion properties of rectangular metallic waveguides periodically loaded by uniaxial resonant scatterers are studied with help of an analytical theory based on the local field approach, the dipole approximation and the method of images. The cases of both magnetic and electric uniaxial scatterers with both longitudinal and transverse orientations with respect to the waveguide axis are considered. It is shown that in all considered cases waveguides support propagating modes below cutoff of the hollow waveguide within some frequency bands near the resonant frequency of the individual scatterers. The modes are forward ones except the case of transversely oriented magnetic scatterers when the mode turns out to be backward. The described effects can be applied for the miniaturization of the guiding structures.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures, submitted to PRE
Silent Guardian: Protecting Text from Malicious Exploitation by Large Language Models
Creators: name: Zhao, Jiawei
name: Chen, Kejiang
name: Yuan, Xiaojian
name: Qi, Yuang
name: Zhang, Weiming
name: Yu, Nenghai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The rapid development of large language models (LLMs) has yielded impressive success in various downstream tasks. However, the vast potential and remarkable capabilities of LLMs also raise new security and privacy concerns if they are exploited for nefarious purposes due to their open-endedness. For example, LLMs may be used to plagiarize or imitate writing, thereby infringing the copyright of the original content, or to create indiscriminate fake information based on a certain source text. In some cases, LLMs can even analyze text from the Internet to infer personal privacy. Unfortunately, previous text protection research could not foresee the emergence of powerful LLMs, rendering it no longer effective in this new context. To bridge this gap, we introduce Silent Guardian (SG), a text protection mechanism against LLMs, which allows LLMs to refuse to generate response when receiving protected text, preventing the malicious use of text from the source. Specifically, we first propose the concept of Truncation Protection Examples (TPE). By carefully modifying the text to be protected, TPE can induce LLMs to first sample the end token, thus directly terminating the interaction. In addition, to efficiently construct TPE in the discrete space of text data, we propose a novel optimization algorithm called Super Tailored Protection (STP), which is not only highly efficient but also maintains the semantic consistency of the text during the optimization process. The comprehensive experimental evaluation demonstrates that SG can effectively protect the target text under various configurations and achieve almost 100% protection success rate in some cases. Notably, SG also exhibits relatively good transferability and robustness, making its application in practical scenarios possible. Our code is available at https://github.com/weiyezhimeng/Silent-Guardian.
description: This paper was accepted by IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security (TIFS)
Grafting, pruning, and the antipodal map on measured laminations
Creators: name: Dumas, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30F60; 53C43

description: Grafting a measured lamination on a hyperbolic surface defines a self-map of Teichmuller space, which is a homeomorphism by a result of Scannell and Wolf. In this paper we study the large-scale behavior of pruning, which is the inverse of grafting. Specifically, for each conformal structure $X \in \T(S)$, pruning $X$ gives a map $\ML(S) \to \T(S)$. We show that this map extends to the Thurston compactification of $\T(S)$, and that its boundary values are the natural antipodal involution relative to $X$ on the space of projective measured laminations. We use this result to study Thurston's grafting coordinates on the space of $\CP^1$ structures on $S$. For each $X \in \T(S)$, we show that the boundary of the space $P(X)$ of $\CP^1$ structures on $X$ in the compactification of the grafting coordinates is the graph $Γ(i_X)$ of the antipodal involution $i_X : \PML(S) \to \PML(S)$.
description: 25 pages, 4 figures; includes important corrections in sections 9 and 10
Tests of a Roman Pot Prototype for the TOTEM Experiment
Creators: name: Deile, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The TOTEM collaboration has developed and tested the first prototype of its Roman Pots to be operated in the LHC. TOTEM Roman Pots contain stacks of 10 silicon detectors with strips oriented in two orthogonal directions. To measure proton scattering angles of a few microradians, the detectors will approach the beam centre to a distance of 10 sigma + 0.5 mm (= 1.3 mm). Dead space near the detector edge is minimised by using two novel "edgeless" detector technologies. The silicon detectors are used both for precise track reconstruction and for triggering. The first full-sized prototypes of both detector technologies as well as their read-out electronics have been developed, built and operated. The tests took place first in a fixed-target muon beam at CERN's SPS, and then in the proton beam-line of the SPS accelerator ring. We present the test beam results demonstrating the successful functionality of the system despite slight technical shortcomings to be improved in the near future.
description: 3 pages, 8 figures, proceedings of PAC05, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA, May 2005
Duration in Production Contracts
Creators: name: MacDonald, James M.
name: Korb, Penelope J.
name: MacDonald, James M.
name: Korb, Penelope J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: We use 2003 and 2004 ARMS data to analyze variations in contract duration among growers of broilers who hold production contracts. Most contracts cover just a single flock, but many extend for 1-2 years, and a significant minority of broiler contracts specify lengths of 5, 10, and even 15 years. We find that grower debt and production volume are inversely related to the choice of a short term (a year or less) contract, while lengthy prior experience with the contractor promotes short term contracts. Some contract terms appear to act as substitutes or complements to duration.
Split and Rephrase with Large Language Models
Creators: name: Ponce, David
name: Etchegoyhen, Thierry
name: Pérez, Jesús Calleja
name: Gete, Harritxu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Split and Rephrase (SPRP) task, which consists in splitting complex sentences into a sequence of shorter grammatical sentences, while preserving the original meaning, can facilitate the processing of complex texts for humans and machines alike. It is also a valuable testbed to evaluate natural language processing models, as it requires modelling complex grammatical aspects. In this work, we evaluate large language models on the task, showing that they can provide large improvements over the state of the art on the main metrics, although still lagging in terms of splitting compliance. Results from two human evaluations further support the conclusions drawn from automated metric results. We provide a comprehensive study that includes prompting variants, domain shift, fine-tuned pretrained language models of varying parameter size and training data volumes, contrasted with both zero-shot and few-shot approaches on instruction-tuned language models. Although the latter were markedly outperformed by fine-tuned models, they may constitute a reasonable off-the-shelf alternative. Our results provide a fine-grained analysis of the potential and limitations of large language models for SPRP, with significant improvements achievable using relatively small amounts of training data and model parameters overall, and remaining limitations for all models on the task.
Additional file 2 of Development and validation of the Chinese version of the evidence-based practice profile questionnaire (EBP2Q)
Creators: name: Hu, Ming-Yu
name: Wu, Yan-Ni
name: McEvoy, Maureen Patricia
name: Wang, Yan-Fang
name: Cong, Wei-Lian
name: Liu, Li-Ping
name: Li, Xiao-Xia
name: Zhou, Chun-Lan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Item level content validity index (I-CVI) of the pre-final version of EBP2Q (n = 6).
Incommensurate magnetic order: A fingerprint for electronic correlations in hole-doped cuprates
Creators: name: Klett, Michael
name: Beyer, Jacob
name: Riegler, David
name: Seufert, Jannis
name: Wölfle, Peter
name: Rachel, Stephan
name: Thomale, Ronny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Intertwined charge and magnetic fluctuations in high-$T_\text{c}$ copper oxide superconductors (cuprates) are hypothesized to be a consequence of their correlated electronic nature. Among other observables, this is apparent in the doping dependence of incommensurate magnetic order, known as the Yamada relation (YR). We analyze the Hubbard model to challenge the universality of YR as a function of interaction strength $U$ through Kotliar-Ruckenstein slave-boson (SB) mean-field theory and truncated unity functional renormalization group (TUFRG). While TUFRG tends to lock in to a doping dependence of the incommensurate magnetic ordering vector obtained for the perturbative weak-coupling limit, SB not only exhibits an enhanced sensitivity upon a variation of $U$ from weak to strong coupling, but also shows good agreement with experimental data. It supports the placement of weakly hole-doped cuprates in the intermediate-to-strong coupling regime.
Additional file 1 of Contributions of changes in physical activity, sedentary time, diet and body weight to changes in cardiometabolic risk
Creators: name: Andersen, Eivind
name: van der Ploeg, Hidde P.
name: van Mechelen, Willem
name: Gray, Cindy M.
name: Mutrie, Nanette
name: van Nassau, Femke
name: Jelsma, Judith G. M.
name: Anderson, Annie S.
name: Silva, Marlene N.
name: Pereira, Hugo V.
name: McConnachie, Alex
name: Sattar, Naveed
name: Sørensen, Marit
name: Røynesdal, Øystein B.
name: Hunt, Kate
name: Roberts, Glyn C.
name: Wyke, Sally
name: Gill, Jason M. R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
The age-chemical abundance structure of the Galactic disc II: $α$-dichotomy and thick disc formation
Creators: name: Lian, Jianhui
name: Thomas, Daniel
name: Maraston, Claudia
name: Beers, Timothy C.
name: Bidin, Christian Moni
name: Fernández-Trincado, José G.
name: García-Hernández, D. A.
name: Lane, Richard R.
name: Munoz, Ricardo R.
name: Nitschelm, Christian
name: Roman-Lopes, Alexandre
name: Zamora, Olga
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend our previous work on the age-chemical abundance structure of the Galactic outer disc to the inner disc (4 < r < 8 kpc) based on the SDSS/APOGEE survey. Different from the outer disc, the inner disc stars exhibit a clear bimodal distribution in the [Mg/Fe]-[Fe/H] plane. While a number of scenarios have been proposed in the literature, it remains challenging to recover this bimodal distribution with theoretical models. To this end, we present a chemical evolution model embedding a complex multi-phase inner disc formation scenario that matches the observed bimodal [Mg/Fe]-[Fe/H] distribution. In this scenario, the formation of the inner disc is dominated by two main starburst episodes 6 Gyr apart with secular, low-level star formation activity in between. In our model, the first starburst occurs at early cosmic times (t~1 Gyr) and the second one 6 Gyr later at a cosmic time of t~7 Gyr. Both these starburst episodes are associated with gas accretion events in our model, and are quenched rapidly. The first starburst leads to the formation of the high-$α$ sequence, and the second starburst leads to the formation of the metal-poor low-$α$ sequence. The metal-rich low-$α$ stars, instead, form during the secular evolution phase between the two bursts. Our model shows that the $α$-dichotomy originates from the rapid suppression of star formation after the first starburst. The two starburst episodes are likely to be responsible for the formation of the geometric thick disc (z >1 kpc), with the old inner thick disc and the young outer thick disc forming during the first and the second starbursts, respectively.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures. MNRAS in press
Additional file 4 of Development and validation of the Chinese version of the evidence-based practice profile questionnaire (EBP2Q)
Creators: name: Hu, Ming-Yu
name: Wu, Yan-Ni
name: McEvoy, Maureen Patricia
name: Wang, Yan-Fang
name: Cong, Wei-Lian
name: Liu, Li-Ping
name: Li, Xiao-Xia
name: Zhou, Chun-Lan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4. Exploratory factor analysis of the 54-item Chinese Evidence-Based Practice Profile Questionnaire (n = 303).
Closed-form expressions for smeared bi-distributions of a massless scalar field: non-perturbative and asymptotic results in relativistic quantum information
Creators: name: Perche, T. Rick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using spacetime Gaussian test functions, we find closed-form expressions for the smeared Wightman function, Feynman propagator, retarded and advanced Green's functions, causal propagator and symmetric propagator of a massless scalar field in the vacuum of Minkowski spacetime. We apply our results to localized quantum systems which interact with a quantum field in Gaussian spacetime regions and study different relativistic quantum information protocols. In the protocol of entanglement harvesting, we find a closed-form expression for the entanglement that can be acquired by probes which interact in Gaussian spacetime regions and obtain asymptotic results for the protocol. We also revisit the case of two gapless detectors and show that the detectors can become entangled if there is two-way signalling between their interaction regions, providing closed-form expressions for the detectors' final state.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures, 1 appendix. Revtex 4-2. v4
The localized phase of disordered copolymers with adsorption
Creators: name: Giacomin, G.
name: Toninelli, F. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the localized phase of a general model of a directed polymer in the proximity of an interface that separates two solvents. Each monomer unit carries a charge, $ω_n$, that determines the type (attractive or repulsive) and the strength of its interaction with the solvents. In addition, there is a polymer--interface interaction and we want to model the case in which there are impurities $\tildeω_n$, that we call again charges, at the interface. The charges are distributed in an in--homogeneous fashion along the chain and at the interface: more precisely the model we consider is of quenched disordered type. It is well known that such a model undergoes a localization/delocalization transition. We focus on the localized phase, where the polymer sticks to the interface. Our new results include estimates on the exponential decay of averaged correlations and the proof that the free energy is infinitely differentiable away from the transition. Other results we prove, instead, generalize earlier works that typically deal either with the case of copolymers near an homogeneous interface ($\tildeω\equiv 0$) or with the case of disordered pinning, where the only polymer--environment interaction is at the interface ($ω\equiv 0$). Moreover, with respect to most of the previous literature, we work with rather general distributions of charges (we will assume only a suitable concentration inequality).
description: 32 pages, 4 figures; revised version: setting and results have been generalized, Appendix A simplified
Additional file 3 of Development and validation of the Chinese version of the evidence-based practice profile questionnaire (EBP2Q)
Creators: name: Hu, Ming-Yu
name: Wu, Yan-Ni
name: McEvoy, Maureen Patricia
name: Wang, Yan-Fang
name: Cong, Wei-Lian
name: Liu, Li-Ping
name: Li, Xiao-Xia
name: Zhou, Chun-Lan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Item Analysis of the 58-item Evidence-Based Practice Profile Questionnaire (n = 303).
Detecting entanglement of unknown continuous variable states with random measurements
Creators: name: Mihaescu, Tatiana
name: Kampermann, Hermann
name: Gianfelici, Giulio
name: Isar, Aurelian
name: Bruss, Dagmar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the possibility of entanglement detection in continuous variable systems by entanglement witnesses based on covariance matrices, constructible from random homodyne measurements. We propose new linear constraints characterizing the entanglement witnesses based on second moments, and use them in a semidefinite program providing the optimal entanglement test for given random measurements. We test the method on the class of squeezed vacuum states and study the efficiency of entanglement detection in general unknown covariance matrices.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures
Evaluation of the Substitutability between U.S. and Canadian Softwood Lumber
Creators: name: Roman, Angel Aguiar
name: Foster, Kenneth A.
name: Shook, Steve
name: Roman, Angel Aguiar
name: Foster, Kenneth A.
name: Shook, Steve
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: Softwood lumber trade between the United States and Canada has worldwide attention due to its economic importance and for lengthy dispute. Most studies have focused on welfare effects of the dispute, while few studies have evaluated the question of likeness of product. This study evaluates the substitutability between U.S. and Canadian softwood lumber including other countries' softwood lumber. Price elasticities are derived from the linear approximation of the Almost Ideal Demand System. The results show that softwood lumber imports to the U.S. from various countries are indeed substitutes for U.S. softwood lumber. The Morishima elasticities of substitution indicate that other countries have a higher degree of substitutability than Canadian softwood lumber.
GCIceNet: A Graph Convolutional Network for Accurate Classification of Water Phases
Creators: name: Kim, QHwan
name: Ko, Joon-Hyuk
name: Kim, Sunghoon
name: Jhe, Wonho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding phases of water molecules based on local structure is essential for understanding their anomalous properties. However, due to complicated structural motifs formed via hydrogen bonds, conventional order parameters represent the water molecules incompletely. In this paper, we develop a GCIceNet, which automatically generates machine-based order parameters for classifying the phases of the water molecules via supervised and unsupervised learning. Multiple graph convolutional layers in the GCIceNet can learn topological informations of the complex hydrogen bond networks. It shows a substantial improvement of accuracy for predicting the phase of water molecules in the bulk system and the ice/vapor interface system. A relative importance analysis shows that the GCIceNet can capture the structural features of the given system hidden in the input data. Augmented with the vast amount of data provided by molecular dynamics simulations, the GCIceNet is expected to serve as a powerful tool for the fields of glassy liquids and hydration layers around biomolecules.
Improved fidelity of triggered entangled photons from single quantum dots
Creators: name: Young, Robert J.
name: Stevenson, R. Mark
name: Atkinson, Paola
name: Cooper, Ken
name: Ritchie, David A.
name: Shields, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the on-demand emission of polarisation-entangled photon pairs from the biexciton cascade of a single InAs quantum dot embedded in a GaAs/AlAs planar microcavity. Improvements in the sample design blue shifts the wetting layer to reduce the contribution of background light in the measurements. Results presented show that >70% of the detected photon pairs are entangled. The high fidelity of the (|HxxHx>+|VxxVx>)/2^0.5 state that we determine is sufficient to satisfy numerous tests for entanglement. The improved quality of entanglement represents a significant step towards the realisation of a practical quantum dot source compatible with applications in quantum information.
description: 9 pages. Paper is available free of charge at http://www.iop.org/EJ/abstract/1367-2630/8/2/029/, see also 'A semiconductor source of triggered entangled photon pairs', R. M. Stevenson et al., Nature 439, 179 (2006)
Diva-dogs : sounding women improvising
Creators: name: Smith, Julie Dawn
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: As an exploration of sound and improvisation in relation to corporeality, subjectivity and culture Diva-dogs: Sounding Women Improvising contests the visual bias of representation. This interdisciplinary investigation of women improvisers engages a somewhat unorthodox and improvisational methodology that approaches theory as a gathering together of disparate disciplinary fragments to create a kaleidoscopic and intertextual polyphony. Sound writes upon the exterior surfaces and interior substances of the body with an invisible ink that leaves its mark as it evaporates and disappears. The invisible presence of sound complicates the visual basis of intelligibility to underscore the corporeal as an improvisational process of sounding, audition, (re)writing and transformation. Sonic polyvalence defies singularity, unity and identity calling us to rethink matter, body, text, sexuality and subjectivity entirely. Sound problematizes representation by confounding the boundaries of interior and exterior space and as such becomes abject, an ambiguous disturbance of symbolic order and somatic signification. Woman is marked as sonic difference in the symbolic, a mark that positions her sexed, raced and classed body precariously in relation to language and meaning. In the practice of free improvisation women play with the sounds, linguistic excesses and abject noises of difference that hover at the border of representation, harmony, language and music to perform a sonic and corporeal voicing of women's subjectivity. To be "woman" is to be engaged in a constant state of improvisation.
Modeling Spatially Differentiated Environmental Policy in a Philippine Watershed: Tradeoffs between Environmental Protection and Poverty Reduction
Creators: name: Coxhead, Ian A.
name: Demeke, Bayou
name: Coxhead, Ian A.
name: Demeke, Bayou
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Erosion and sediments are among the most important externalities in the developing world. These sediments negatively affect the quantity and quality of water in the downstream regions of watersheds. In light with the growing interest in many developing countries to use market-based instruments, this paper develops a model for designing efficient environmental policy at a watershed scale. Because farm households are heterogeneous in a given watershed, we develop a spatially explicit, heterogeneous watershed scale environmental policy to lesson watershed degradation. We use GIS data and geo-referenced household plots to populate the watershed with the heterogeneous households. Heterogeneity also implies that the impact of environmental tax policy on poverty varies among households. The model results confirm the benefits of differentiating policy based on the spatial attributes of the watershed. Our study proposes the possibility of funding poverty reduction using the revenues from environmental taxes. The results show that, for a moderate reduction in soil erosion, revenues from environmental taxes could be used for poverty reduction. However, for larger improvement in environmental quality, the efficient environmental tax would not be sufficient to compensate the poor. Our findings reveal the extent of tradeoffs between poverty reduction and environmental protection. In other words, tighter environmental policies could exacerbate poverty unless assistance is provided to the poor.
On Products of $Δ$-sets
Creators: name: Carvalho, Rodrigo Rey
name: Rodrigues, Vinicius de Oliveira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 54B10, 54D15, 03E35, 54H05

description: We prove the consistency of the existence of a $Q$-set whose square is not a $Δ$-set and that if there is a $Δ$-set, then there exists a $Δ$-set whose all finite powers are $Δ$-sets.
description: 14 pages. Accepted manuscript
EXPORT COMPETITION AND THE REMISSION OF DOMESTIC ENVIRONMENTAL TAXES
Creators: name: McCorriston, Steve
name: Sheldon, Ian M.
name: McCorriston, Steve
name: Sheldon, Ian M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: In this paper we consider the use of border adjustments to compensate exporters for domestic environmental taxes even when the environmental tax is imposed on an intermediate good. Although GATT/WTO rules allow for border adjustments, there has been little analysis of them. A model of successive oligopoly is used to consider the appropriate border adjustments since many industries where environmental excise taxes are applied can be characterised as imperfectly competitive. We show that the border adjustment currently allowed for in GATT/WTO rules is, under certain circumstances, likely to be too low to maintain the competitiveness of exporters. In some cases, an export tax would be justified.
Additional file 5 of Development and validation of the Chinese version of the evidence-based practice profile questionnaire (EBP2Q)
Creators: name: Hu, Ming-Yu
name: Wu, Yan-Ni
name: McEvoy, Maureen Patricia
name: Wang, Yan-Fang
name: Cong, Wei-Lian
name: Liu, Li-Ping
name: Li, Xiao-Xia
name: Zhou, Chun-Lan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 5. Item Analysis of the Revised 45-item Chinese Evidence-Based Practice Profile Questionnaire (n = 303).
A framework for modeling interdependencies among households, businesses, and infrastructure systems; and their response to disruptions
Creators: name: Dubaniowski, Mateusz Iwo
name: Heinimann, Hans R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Urban systems, composed of households, businesses, and infrastructures, are continuously evolving and expanding. This has several implications because the impacts of disruptions, and the complexity and interdependence of systems, are rapidly increasing. Hence, we face a challenge in how to improve our understanding about the interdependencies among those entities, as well as their responses to disruptions. The aims of this study were to (1) create an agent that mimics the metabolism of a business or household that obtains supplies from and provides output to infrastructure systems; (2) implement a network of agents that exchange resources, as coordinated with a price mechanism; and (3) test the responses of this prototype model to disruptions. Our investigation resulted in the development of a business/household agent and a dynamically self-organizing mechanism of network coordination under disruption based on costs for production and transportation. Simulation experiments confirmed the feasibility of this new model for analyzing responses to disruptions. Among the nine disruption scenarios considered, in line with our expectations, the one combining the failures of infrastructure links and production processes had the most negative impact. We also identified areas for future research that focus on network topologies, mechanisms for resource allocation, and disruption generation.
description: 34 pages, 10 figures, 5 tables, Accepted in Reliability Engineering & System Safety
EFFICIENT PATTERNS OF CONSERVATION ACTIVITIES IN A WATERSHED: THE CASE OF THE GRANDE RONDE RIVER, OREGON
Creators: name: Watanabe, Michio
name: Adams, Richard M.
name: Wu, JunJie
name: Watanabe, Michio
name: Adams, Richard M.
name: Wu, JunJie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: This research examines a spatially explicit allocation of habitat restoration activities in an Oregon watershed to meet water temperature targets for the benefit of endangered salmonid fish species. Integrating hydrological, biological and economic models, a series of optimization problems are investigated for different policy targets including temperature reductions and enhanced fish populations. Results indicated that the heterogeneous nature of riparian conditions and stream morphology needs to be considered if restoration activities are to be allocated efficiently in a watershed. We also found that it is less costly to implement restoration activities in tributaries if the objective is to maximize stream length where water temperatures decrease by a certain degree. Although temperature reductions are primarily achieved by shading in nearby reaches, if a desired level of temperature reductions increases, then it is necessary to apply restoration efforts in remote reaches.
Proximity Effect and Multiple Andreev Reflections in Diffusive SNS Junctions
Creators: name: Cuevas, J. C.
name: Hammer, J.
name: Kopu, J.
name: Viljas, J. K.
name: Eschrig, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theory of the current-voltage characteristics in diffusive superconductor-normal-metal-superconductor junctions. By solving the time-dependent Usadel equations we are able to describe the phase-coherent transport for arbitrary length of the normal wire. We show how the interplay between proximity effect and multiple Andreev reflections gives rise to a rich subgap structure in the conductance and how it is revealed in the non-equilibrium distribution function.
description: revtex4, 4 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett
New quantification of symmetry energy from neutron skin thicknesses of $^{48}$Ca and $^{208}$Pb
Creators: name: An, Rong
name: Sun, Shuai
name: Cao, Li-Gang
name: Zhang, Feng-Shou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Precise knowledge of the nuclear symmetry energy can be tentatively calibrated through multimessenger constraints. The neutron skin thickness of a heavy nucleus is one of the most sensitive indicators for probing the isovector components of effective interactions in asymmetric nuclear matter. Recent studies have suggested that the experimental data from the CREX and PREX2 Collaborations are not mutually compatible within existing nuclear models. In this study, we review the quantification of the slope parameter of symmetry energy $L$ from the neutron skin thicknesses of $^{48}$Ca and $^{208}$Pb. Skyrme energy density functionals classified by various isoscalar incompressibility coefficients $K$ are employed to evaluate the bulk properties of finite nuclei. The calculated results suggest that the slope parameter $L$ deduced from $^{208}$Pb is sensitive to the compression modulus of symmetric nuclear matter, but not that from $^{48}$Ca. The effective parameter sets classified by $K=220$ MeV can provide an almost overlaping range of $L$ from $^{48}$Ca and $^{208}$Pb.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures and 2 tables
Additional file 1 of A ubiquitous subcuticular bacterial symbiont of a coral predator, the crown-of-thorns starfish, in the Indo-Pacific
Creators: name: Wada, Naohisa
name: Yuasa, Hideaki
name: Kajitani, Rei
name: Gotoh, Yasuhiro
name: Ogura, Yoshitoshi
name: Yoshimura, Dai
name: Toyoda, Atsushi
name: Tang, Sen-Lin
name: Higashimura, Yukihiro
name: Sweatman, Hugh
name: Zac Forsman
name: Bronstein, Omri
name: Eyal, Gal
name: Nalinee Thongtham
name: Itoh, Takehiko
name: Hayashi, Tetsuya
name: Yasuda, Nina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Ecology

description: Additional file 1: Suppl. Table S1. Sample number of body parts from COTS in the 16S rRNA metabarcoding analysis (total 130 samples)
ADVERSE SELECTION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRY FACTOR MARKETS: THE CASE OF FERTILIZERS IN CAMBODIA
Creators: name: Schamel, Guenter
name: Hongen, Friederike
name: Schamel, Guenter
name: Hongen, Friederike
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: We analyze the presence and potential impact of low quality fertilizers, inadequate access to credit and market information on fertilizer market participation and application rates. We explain in theory and show empirically that farmers chose to abstain from the fertilizer market altogether or decrease their application rates below recommended levels because bad quality deters all buyers not willing to pay the market price for the average quality fertilizer available.
Dynamical Evolution of the TW Hya Association
Creators: name: de la Reza, R.
name: Jilinski, E.
name: Ortega, V. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using Galactic dynamics we have determined the age of the low mass post-T Tauri stars TW Hya Association (TWA). To do so we applied the method of Ortega et al.(2002, 2004) to five stars of the association with Hipparcos measured distances (TWA 1, TWA 4,TWA 9,TWA 11,TWA 19).The method is based on the calculation of the past 3D orbits of the stars. Of these stars only TWA 9 presents a quite different orbit so that it does not appear to be a dynamical member of TWA. The four remaining stars have a first maximum orbits' confinement at the age of -8.3 $\pm{0.8}$ Myr which is considered the dynamical age of TWA. This confinement fixes the probable 3D forming region of TWA with a mean radius of 14.5 pc. This region is related to the older subgroups of the Sco-Cen OB association, Lower Centaurus Crux (LCC) and Upper Centaurus Lupus (UCL), both with a mean age of about 18 Myr. This dynamical age of TWA and that of the $β$ Pic Moving Group (BPMG) with an age of 11 Myr, also discussed here, introduce a more precise temporal scale for studies of disks evolution and planetary formation around some stars of these associations. Using the retraced orbit of the runaway star HIP 82868 we examine the possibility that the formation of TWA was triggered by a supernova (SN) explosion. It is shown that for the four considered TWA stars, the expansion in volume is a factor of five since their origin to the present state. This is mainly due to the presently more distant star TWA 19.
description: Accepted to Astronomical Journal
Archimedean cuboctahedron: The Medieval Journey from the Middle East to Northern Russia
Creators: name: Chernov, Andrey Yu.
name: Katz, Eugene A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Bronze cuboctahedral weights dated to the VIII-X centuries were found in northwest Russia near Ladoga, one of the most important trading centers in Eastern Europe in the VIII-X centuries. The history of the mathematical study of cuboctahedron and more generally of the entire family of Archimedean solids in the Middle East and Europe supports the archeological hypothesis about the origin of these artifacts and trading contacts between Europe and the Islamic Caliphate at that time when European mathematicians were not aware of such polyhedra, but Arab-Persian scientists and craftsmen were.
A TRADE LIBERALIZATION IN INTERNATIONAL DAIRY MARKETS
Creators: name: Langley, Suchada V.
name: Blayney, Donald P.
name: Stout, Jim
name: Somwaru, Agapi
name: Normile, Mary Anne
name: Miller, James J.
name: Stillman, Richard
name: Langley, Suchada V.
name: Blayney, Donald P.
name: Stout, Jim
name: Somwaru, Agapi
name: Normile, Mary Anne
name: Miller, James J.
name: Stillman, Richard
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Dairy Markets
subject: Trade Liberalization
subject: Model
subject: Policy

description: International dairy industries remain among the most distorted agricultural sectors. Dairy average bound tariffs remain among the highest of all agricultural commodities, and dairy trade is characterized by a large number of megatariffs and tariff-rate quotas (TRQs). The objective of our study is to examine how the international dairy markets might respond to policy changes under various assumptions, using a partial equilibrium, multiple-commodity, multiple-region model of agricultural policy and trade. Our results indicate that liberalization will reduce supplies, increase dairy trade, and raise world prices.
Additional file 1 of Prevalence of intestinal parasitosis and associated risk factors among school children of Saptari district, Nepal: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Gupta, Ranjit
name: Binod Rayamajhee
name: Samendra P. Sherchan
name: Rai, Ganesh
name: Mukhiya, Reena Kiran
name: Binod Khanal
name: Shiba Kumar Rai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary figure 1. Prevalence of enteroparasites in different age groups of study population.
Canonical sectors of five-dimensional Chern-Simons theories
Creators: name: Miskovic, Olivera
name: Troncoso, Ricardo
name: Zanelli, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of five-dimensional Chern-Simons theories is analyzed. These theories are characterized by intricate self couplings which give rise to dynamical features not present in standard theories. As a consequence, Dirac's canonical formalism cannot be directly applied due to the presence of degeneracies of the symplectic form and irregularities of the constraints on some surfaces of phase space, obscuring the dynamical content of these theories. Here we identify conditions that define sectors where the canonical formalism can be applied for a class of non-Abelian Chern-Simons theories, including supergravity. A family of solutions satisfying the canonical requirements is explicitly found. The splitting between first and second class constraints is performed around these backgrounds, allowing the construction of the charge algebra, including its central extension.
description: 12 pages, no figures
Additional file 1 of Sleep problems among sexual minorities: a longitudinal study on the influence of the family of origin and chosen family
Creators: name: Chum, Antony
name: Nielsen, Andrew
name: Teo, Celine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.
Observation of inverted band structure in topological Dirac-semimetal candidate CaAuAs
Creators: name: Nakayama, Kosuke
name: Wang, Zhiwei
name: Takane, Daichi
name: Souma, Seigo
name: Kubota, Yuya
name: Nakata, Yuki
name: Cacho, Cephise
name: Kim, Timur K.
name: Ekahana, Sandy Adhitia
name: Shi, Ming
name: Kitamura, Miho
name: Horiba, Koji
name: Kumigashira, Hiroshi
name: Takahashi, Takashi
name: Ando, Yoichi
name: Sato, Takafumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy of ternary pnictide CaAuAs which is predicted to be a three-dimensional topological Dirac semimetal (TDS). By accurately determining the bulk-band structure, we have revealed the coexistence of three-dimensional and quasi-two-dimensional Fermi surfaces with dominant hole carriers. The band structure around the Brillouin-zone center is characterized by an energy overlap between hole and electron pockets, in excellent agreement with first-principles band-structure calculations. This indicates the occurrence of bulk-band inversion, supporting the TDS state in CaAuAs. Because of the high tunability in the chemical composition besides the TDS nature, CaAuAs provides a precious opportunity for investigating the quantum phase transition from TDS to other exotic topological phases.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Spin Glass Phase Transition on Scale-Free Networks
Creators: name: Kim, D. -H.
name: Rodgers, G. J.
name: Kahng, B.
name: Kim, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Ising spin glass model on scale-free networks generated by the static model using the replica method. Based on the replica-symmetric solution, we derive the phase diagram consisting of the paramagnetic (P), ferromagnetic (F), and spin glass (SG) phases as well as the Almeida-Thouless line as functions of the degree exponent $λ$, the mean degree $K$, and the fraction of ferromagnetic interactions $r$. To reflect the inhomogeneity of vertices, we modify the magnetization $m$ and the spin glass order parameter $q$ with vertex-weights. The transition temperature $T_c$ ($T_g$) between the P-F (P-SG) phases and the critical behaviors of the order parameters are found analytically. When $2 < λ< 3$, $T_c$ and $T_g$ are infinite, and the system is in the F phase or the mixed phase for $r > 1/2$, while it is in the SG phase at $r=1/2$. $m$ and $q$ decay as power-laws with increasing temperature with different $λ$-dependent exponents. When $λ> 3$, the $T_c$ and $T_g$ are finite and related to the percolation threshold. The critical exponents associated with $m$ and $q$ depend on $λ$ for $3 < λ< 5$ ($3 < λ< 4$) at the P-F (P-SG) boundary.
description: Phys. Rev. E in press