cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Spectral and polarization properties of reflected X-ray emission from black hole accretion discs
Creators: name: Podgorný, Jakub
name: Dovčiak, Michal
name: Marin, Frédéric
name: Goosmann, René
name: Różańska, Agata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: X-ray polarimetric missions planned for this decade will significantly enhance our knowledge of compact accreting sources. Observations of the X-ray polarization signal from active galactic nuclei (AGNs) or X-ray binary systems (XRBs) will bring new means to study inner accretion flow in these objects that, together with currently used spectroscopic and timing techniques, will help us to determine better their properties, such as their inclination, orientation, shape, and size of their corona as well as the black hole spin. In this work, we present a yet missing piece in the global polarization models of black hole accretion discs. We compute the reflected X-ray emission from the disc in a local co-moving frame using (1) the radiative transfer code TITAN to obtain the ionization structure of the disc and (2) the Monte Carlo code STOKES that incorporates the physics of absorption, re-emission, and Compton scattering to produce a complete spectropolarimetric output. We present the final Stokes parameters I, Q, and U for a set of photon-indices of the incident primary power-law radiation, the disc ionization parameters, incident and emission angles, for three independent polarization states of the incident coronal X-ray photons with a sufficient resolution in energy to allow for sharp discussion of spectral and polarization properties. We show that the spectral component matches well literature predictions. The polarization degree and angle are in agreement with analytical approximations previously appearing in reflection models and we demonstrate that the polarized reflected X-ray emission can be, locally, quite large in the 2-12 keV band.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, published in MNRAS. Version 2, corrected for a small error in Section 3.2 (in the last sentence of the 6th paragraph)
Angular asymmetries in $B\toΛ\bar p M$ decays
Creators: name: Huang, Xiaotao
name: Hsiao, Yu-Kuo
name: Wang, Jike
name: Sun, Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The forward-backward angular asymmetry (${\cal A}_{FB}$) for $\bar B^0\to Λ\bar pπ^+$ measured by Belle has presented an experimental value in the range of $-30\%$ to $-50\%$. In our study, we find that ${\cal A}_{FB}[\bar B^0\toΛ\bar p π^+(B^-\to Λ\bar pπ^0)]$ can be as large as $(-14.6^{+0.9}_{-1.5}\pm 6.9)\%$. In addition, we present ${\cal A}_{FB}[\bar B^0\toΛ\bar p ρ^+(B^-\to Λ\bar pρ^0)] =(4.1^{+2.8}_{-0.7}\pm 2.0)\%$ as the first prediction involving a vector meson in the charmless $B\to{\bf B\bar B'}M$ decays. While ${\cal A}_{FB}(B\toΛ\bar p M)$ indicates an angular correlation caused by the rarely studied baryonic form factors in the timelike region, LHCb and Belle~II are capable of performing experimental examinations.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures, 3 tables, published version in PRD
Insight into the conserved structural dynamics of the C-terminus of mammal PrPC identifies structural core and possible structural role of pharmacological chaperones
Creators: name: Soto, Patricia
name: Gloeb, Garrett M.
name: Tsuchida, Kaitlin A.
name: Charles, Austin A.
name: Greenwood, Noah M.
name: Hendrickson, Heidi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Misfolding of the prion protein is central to prion disease aetiology. Although understanding the dynamics of the native fold helps to decipher the conformational conversion mechanism, a complete depiction of distal but coupled prion protein sites common across species is lacking. To fill this gap, we used normal mode analysis and network analysis to examine a collection of prion protein structures deposited on the protein data bank. Our study identified a core of conserved residues that sustains the connectivity across the C-terminus of the prion protein. We propose how a well-characterized pharmacological chaperone may stabilize the fold. Also, we provide insight into the effect on the native fold of initial misfolding pathways identified by others using kinetics studies.
Canine detection of chronic wasting disease (CWD) in laboratory and field settings
Creators: name: Mallikarjun, Amritha
name: Swartz, Ben
name: Kane, Sarah A.
name: Gibison, Michelle
name: Wilson, Isabella
name: Collins, Amanda
name: Moore, Madison B.
name: Charendoff, Ila
name: Ellis, Julie
name: Murphy, Lisa A.
name: Nichols, Tracy
name: Otto, Cynthia M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a fatal transmissible spongiform encephalopathy that affects both free-ranging and farmed cervid species, including mule deer, white-tailed deer, and elk (Odocoileus hemionus, Odocoileus virginianus, and Cervus canadensis). Due to the long incubation period and variability of clinical signs, CWD can expand and spread to new areas before they reach diagnostically detectable levels. Antemortem testing methods currently available can be difficult to obtain and to be applied to the large numbers required for adequate surveillance. However, key volatile biomarkers could be harnessed for non-invasive antemortem surveillance. Detection dogs are the most effective tool currently available for volatile detection; dogs can effectively complete wildlife surveys at rates surpassing that of humans. This study is the first to demonstrate that trained detection dogs can be used as an antemortem test for CWD. First, we trained three dogs to differentiate between CWD-positive and CWD-negative white-tailed deer faeces in a laboratory setting. Dogs spent significantly more time at the positive sample than the negative samples, suggesting that they differentiated between the positive and negative volatile signatures. We then trained the same dogs to search for CWD-positive faecal samples in a more naturalistic field setting. In the field, dogs found 8/11 CWD-positive samples and had an average false detection rate of 13%. These results suggest that dogs can be trained to differentiate CWD-positive faeces from CWD-negative faeces in both laboratory and field settings. Future studies will compare canine accuracy to other antemortem methods, as well as improved canine training methods.
title: Selling the Score: Entrepreneurs and New Markets for Printed Music in Eighteenth-Century England
Creators: name: Bridge, Dominic
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2525

description: This thesis explores the visual presentation of eighteenth-century musical scores through an analysis of their graphic and textual features. It establishes the technological and editorial links between the music, print, and book trades, and explains how publishers developed their commercial practices in response to the religious, gendered, and political identities of their customers. Based on a broad study of the printed music collections at the British Library, the research spans bibliographic, book historical, and musicological scholarship. The theoretical foundations of the project are grounded in textual studies and use Gerard Genette’s paratextual theory to discuss how publishers made creative use of the unique printed space on the title pages, frontmatter, and around the notation of their printed editions.

The first part of the thesis, Image and text, contextualises the music publishing trade within the wider commercial environment of eighteenth-century England. It presents music publishing as intertwined with the graphic print and book trades, traces the intermedial borrowings between print forms, and explains how the influence of individuals working across the print trades changed the graphic and textual presentation of printed music. It will build music publishers into Neil McKendrick’s narrative of the eighteenth-century consumer revolution, as part of the community of innovative entrepreneurs who created and developed markets for new and old forms of printed material.

The second part of the thesis, New markets for printed music, traces the creativity of music publisher entrepreneurs who shaped their scores for different markets exploiting themes of religion, gender, and patriotism. Through a series of case studies, it establishes how music publishers attempted to shape the social life of scores through their editorial control of the printed page. The interactions between religion and musical print are explored through a discussion of the hymnbooks of the Foundling, Lock, and Magdalen hospital chapels and a close look at the substantial book trade activities of Baptist minister, John Rippon. The gendered expectations of musical performance are traced through the title pages and prefaces of keyboard instruction manuals and the concept of gift giving is used to explain how scores modelled expected romantic and commercial behaviours. The thesis will close with a discussion of how music publishers responded to the commercial opportunities provided by the Revolutionary wars, analysing how printed music was used to extend public expressions of patriotism and loyalist sentiment through the adoption of naval painting and the use of textual hierarchies on the title pages of battle music and commemorative editions.
Fractional Optimal Control Model of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Disease in Ghana
Creators: name: Okyere, Samuel
name: Ackora-Prah, Joseph
name: Darkwah, Kwaku Forkuoh
name: Oduro, Francis Tabi
name: Bonyah, Ebenezer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Research focus on optimal control problems brought on by fractional differential equations has been extensively applied in practice. However, because they are still open-ended and challenging, a number of problems with fractional mathematical modeling and problems with optimal control require additional study. Using fractional-order derivatives defined in the Atangana Baleanu Caputo sense, we alter the integer-order model that has been proposed in the literature. We prove the solution's existence, uniqueness, equilibrium points, fundamental reproduction number, and local stability of the equilibrium points. The operator's numerical approach was put into practice to obtain a numerical simulation to back up the analytical conclusions. Fractional optimum controls were incorporated into the model to identify the most efficient intervention strategies for controlling the disease. Utilizing actual data from Ghana for the months of March 2020 to March 2021, the model is validated. The simulation's results show that the fractional operator significantly affected each compartment and that the incidence rate of the population rose when v>0.6. The examination of the most effective control technique discovered that social exclusion and vaccination were both very effective methods for halting the development of the illness.
description: The manuscript contains 22 figures and has 41 pages
The political economy of stone celt exchange in pre-contact British Columbia : the Salish nephrite/jade industry
Creators: name: Morin, Jesse
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: This study investigates patterns of trade and exchange in pre-contact British Columbia through spatial and mineralogical analyses of stone celts and celt production debris with specific focus on celts made of nephrite/jade. More specifically, I explore the hypothesis that emerging elites in British Columbia controlled or manipulated aspects of the production-exchange cycle of stone celts to gain profit and prestige. This research is framed according to concepts of political economy as applied to the study of archaeological remains, focusing on the social organization of labor and how wealth was generated and distributed within past societies. A sample of 2029 relevant artifacts were identified and analyzed using a near-infrared (NIR) spectrometer to determine their mineralogy, to statistically correlate those made of nephrite to their place of manufacture, and these results were analyzed spatially using GIS mapping techniques. Through these analyses 6 distinctive regions were identified based on unique reliance on celts made of particular raw materials and were interpreted as separate interaction spheres. I hypothesize that such interaction spheres were at least partially structured by integration of disparate groups at seasonal trade fairs where celts, among many other goods were exchanged. It was found that nearly all celts on the Salish Sea and the Canadian Plateau were made in two discrete localities along the Fraser River. While there was considerable potential for elites to intensify the production of stone celts, there is little archaeological evidence that they did so. The exchange of functional celts on the Salish Sea may have been mediated or directed by either elites or specialist woodworkers, but such evidence is equivocal. I hypothesized that the patterns celt distribution by site on the Salish Sea could be in part accounted for by the existence of high and low status winter villages – perhaps a two-tier settlement hierarchy. On the Canadian Plateau, large non-utilitarian celts appear to have had predominantly social, rather than functional roles, and were integrated into a widespread system of elite interaction.
A Global Physical Model for Cepheids
Creators: name: Pejcha, Ondrej
name: Kochanek, Christopher S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a global fit to ~5,000 radial velocity and ~177,000 magnitude measurements in 29 photometric bands covering 0.3 to 8.0 microns distributed among 287 Galactic, LMC, and SMC Cepheids with P > 10 days. We assume that the Cepheid light curves and radial velocities are fully characterized by distance, reddening, and time-dependent radius and temperature variations. We construct phase curves of radius and temperature for periods between 10 and 100 days, which yield light curve templates for all our photometric bands and can be easily generalized to any additional band. With only 4 to 6 parameters per Cepheid, depending on the existence of velocity data and the amount of freedom in the distance, the models have typical rms light and velocity curve residuals of 0.05 mag and 3.5 km/s. The model derives the mean Cepheid spectral energy distribution and its derivative with respect to temperature, which deviate from a black body in agreement with metal-line and molecular opacity effects. We determine a mean reddening law towards the Cepheids in our sample, which is not consistent with standard assumptions in either the optical or near-IR. Based on stellar atmosphere models we predict the biases in distance, reddening, and temperature determinations due to the metallicity and we quantify the metallicity signature expected for our fit residuals. The observed residuals as a function of wavelength show clear differences between the individual galaxies, which are compatible with these predictions. In particular, we find that metal-poor Cepheids appear hotter. Finally, we provide a framework for optimally selecting filters that yield the smallest overall errors in Cepheid parameter determination, or filter combinations for suppressing or enhancing the metallicity effects on distance determinations. We make our templates publicly available.
description: 30 pages, 21 figures, 10 tables. Accepted to ApJ. Light curve templates and a code to find the best fit period and reference time as well as accurate mean magnitudes are available at http://www.astronomy.ohio-state.edu/~pejcha/cepheids . For a brief video explaining the key results of this paper, see http://www.youtube.com/user/OSUAstronomy#p/u/0/eJdJmQbQ_nM
title: A Platform Poetics / Computational Art, Material and Formal Specificities, and 101 BASIC POEMS
Creators: name: Montfort, Nick
Publisher: name: The Digital Review
Year: 2021

description: Nick Montfort reflects on platform-specificity as a computational artist. He uses the work of Lialiana, Merhi, his text '101 BASIC Poems', code, and images to set out a computational/digital art divide. Or, at least, he distinction between computational art and a lens trained on the output of those processes. Despite Montfort's self-identification as a demoscener and platform poet, the value of a data/computation distinction isn't taken for granted in his tracing of platform practice.
Weighted biharmonic equations involving continous potentiel under exponential nonlinear growth
Creators: name: Dridi, Brahim
name: Jaidane, Rached
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We deal with a weighted biharmonic problem in the unit ball of $\mathbb{R}^{4}$. The non-linearity is assumed to have critical exponential growth in view of Adam's type inequalities. The weight $w(x)$ is of logarithm type and the potential $V$ is a positive continuous function on $\overline{B}$. It is proved that there is a nontrivial positive weak solution to this problem by the mountain Pass Theorem. We avoid the loss of compactness by proving a concentration compactness result and by a suitable asymptotic condition.
description: The paper containing errors
Cyclotomic matrices over real quadratic integer rings
Creators: name: Greaves, Gary
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C50, 11C20, 15B33

description: We classify all cyclotomic matrices over real quadratic integer rings and we show that this classification is the same as classifying cyclotomic matrices over the compositum all real quadratic integer rings. Moreover, we enumerate a related class of symmetric matrices; those matrices whose eigenvalues are contained inside the interval [-2,2] but whose characteristic polynomials are not in Z[x].
description: 13 pages
Differentiated cultures of an immortalized human neural progenitor cell line do not replicate prions despite PrPC overexpression
Creators: name: Slota, Jessy A.
name: Wang, Xinzhu
name: Lusansky, Diana
name: Medina, Sarah J.
name: Booth, Stephanie A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Prions are misfolded proteins that accumulate within the brain in association with a rare group of fatal and infectious neurological disorders in humans and animals. A current challenge to research is a lack of in vitro model systems that are compatible with a wide range of prion strains, reproduce prion toxicity, and are amenable to genetic manipulations. In an attempt to address this need, here we produced stable cell lines that overexpress different versions of PrPC through lentiviral transduction of immortalized human neural progenitor cells (ReN VM). Differentiated cultures made from the neural progenitor cell lines overexpressed PrPC within 3D spheroid-like structures of TUBB3+ neurons and we observed evidence that PrPC modulates formation of these structures, consistent with PrPC’s role in neurogenesis. However, through repeated measurements of amyloid seeding activity in 6-week time course experiments, we failed to observe any evidence of prion replication within the differentiated ReN cultures following challenge with four prion isolates (human sCJD subtypes MM1 and VV2, and rodent adapted scrapie strains RML and 263K). We attributed amyloid seeding activity detected within the cultures to residual inoculum and concluded that PrPC overexpression was insufficient to confer permissiveness of ReN cultures to prion infection. While our ReN cell prion infection model was unsuccessful, additional efforts to develop cellular models of human prion disease are highly warranted.
Quantum State Preparation with Optimal Circuit Depth: Implementations and Applications
Creators: name: Zhang, Xiao-Ming
name: Li, Tongyang
name: Yuan, Xiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum state preparation is an important subroutine for quantum computing. We show that any $n$-qubit quantum state can be prepared with a $Θ(n)$-depth circuit using only single- and two-qubit gates, although with a cost of an exponential amount of ancillary qubits. On the other hand, for sparse quantum states with $d\geqslant2$ non-zero entries, we can reduce the circuit depth to $Θ(\log(nd))$ with $O(nd\log d)$ ancillary qubits. The algorithm for sparse states is exponentially faster than best-known results and the number of ancillary qubits is nearly optimal and only increases polynomially with the system size. We discuss applications of the results in different quantum computing tasks, such as Hamiltonian simulation, solving linear systems of equations, and realizing quantum random access memories, and find cases with exponential reductions of the circuit depth for all these three tasks. In particular, using our algorithm, we find a family of linear system solving problems enjoying exponential speedups, even compared to the best-known quantum and classical dequantization algorithms.
description: 6+18 pages, 1+7 figures. Revise some claims in Sec. VIII A of Supplementary Material
Sketching for low-rank nonnegative matrix approximation: Numerical study
Creators: name: Matveev, Sergey A.
name: Budzinskiy, Stanislav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: G.1.3; G.1.2; F.2.1
subject: 65K10, 15A03, 65F30, 15A48, 34C30

description: We propose new approximate alternating projection methods, based on randomized sketching, for the low-rank nonnegative matrix approximation problem: find a low-rank approximation of a nonnegative matrix that is nonnegative, but whose factors can be arbitrary. We calculate the computational complexities of the proposed methods and evaluate their performance in numerical experiments. The comparison with the known deterministic alternating projection methods shows that the randomized approaches are faster and exhibit similar convergence properties.
description: Accepted version
title: Mo[X]Rphing B[l]ends: The State of XR [Literature]
Creators: name: Breeze, Mez
Publisher: name: The Digital Review
Year: 2021

description: A hybrid example of Interactive writing utilising the medium of Extended Reality [XR], Mo[X]Rphing B[l]ends: The State of XR [Literature] is a Creative Statement comprised of a quasi-expository text paired with an XR fiction. This Creative Statement operates as an applied instance of how XR (and in particular, spatial storytelling in Virtual Reality) can manifest as a work of Electronic Literature, a work that siphons and integrates textual aspects from the corresponding article that outlines and reflects on my experiences as a VR artist, spatial storyteller and XR practitioner. Both aspects of this Statement of Creative Practice contain elements of Mezangelle, a type of code-inflected poetic creole that injects insertions into the very fabric of words to create multiple meaning-sets, that the theorist Katherine Hayles once described as: "a bilingual practice that breaks the conventional link between phoneme and written mark, forging new connections between code and English".
A Nonparametric Conjugate Prior Distribution for the Maximizing Argument of a Noisy Function
Creators: name: Ortega, Pedro A.
name: Grau-Moya, Jordi
name: Genewein, Tim
name: Balduzzi, David
name: Braun, Daniel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose a novel Bayesian approach to solve stochastic optimization problems that involve finding extrema of noisy, nonlinear functions. Previous work has focused on representing possible functions explicitly, which leads to a two-step procedure of first, doing inference over the function space and second, finding the extrema of these functions. Here we skip the representation step and directly model the distribution over extrema. To this end, we devise a non-parametric conjugate prior based on a kernel regressor. The resulting posterior distribution directly captures the uncertainty over the maximum of the unknown function. We illustrate the effectiveness of our model by optimizing a noisy, high-dimensional, non-convex objective function.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
The complete non-spinning effective-one-body metric at linear order in the mass ratio
Creators: name: Barausse, Enrico
name: Buonanno, Alessandra
name: Tiec, Alexandre Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the main result of a companion paper, in which the binding energy of a circular-orbit non-spinning compact binary system is computed at leading-order beyond the test-particle approximation, the exact expression of the effective-one-body (EOB) metric component g^eff_tt is obtained through first order in the mass ratio. Combining these results with the recent gravitational self-force calculation of the periastron advance for circular orbits in the Schwarzschild geometry, the EOB metric component g^eff_rr is also determined at linear order in the mass ratio. These results assume that the mapping between the real and effective Hamiltonians at the second and third post-Newtonian (PN) orders holds at all PN orders. Our findings also confirm the advantage of resumming the PN dynamics around the test-particle limit if the goal is to obtain a flexible model that can smoothly connect the test-mass and equal-mass limits.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures; appendix generalized to include the logarithmic contributions in the post-Newtonian Hamiltonian. Results unchanged. Matches version to be published in Phys. Rev. D
Criterion of nonsolvability of a finite group and recognition of direct squares of simple groups
Creators: name: Wang, Zh.
name: Vasil'ev, A. V.
name: Grechkoseeva, M. A.
name: Zhurtov, A. Kh.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20D60, 20D06, 20E34

description: The spectrum $ω(G)$ of a finite group $G$ is the set of orders of its elements. The following sufficient criterion of nonsolvability is proved: if among the prime divisors of the order of a group $G$, there are four different primes such that $ω(G)$ contains all their pairwise products but not a product of any three of these numbers, then $G$ is nonsolvable. Using this result, we show that for $q\geqslant 8$ and $q\neq 32$, the direct square $Sz(q)\times Sz(q)$ of the simple exceptional Suzuki group $Sz(q)$ is uniquely characterized by its spectrum in the class of finite groups, while for $Sz(32)\times Sz(32)$, there are exactly four finite groups with the same spectrum.
description: In the third version, Theorem 1 is slightly reformulated and some references are corrected
Doubly stochastic arrays with small support
Creators: name: Loukaki, Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: An $n \times m$ non-negative matrix with row sum $m$ and column sum $n$ is called doubly stochastic. We answer the problem of finding doubly stochastic matrices of smallest posible support for every $1
Discovery of Small-Scale Spiral Structures in the Disk of SAO 206462 (HD 135344B): Implications for the Physical State of the Disk from Spiral Density Wave Theory
Creators: name: Muto, T.
name: Grady, C. A.
name: Hashimoto, J.
name: Fukagawa, M.
name: Hornbeck, J. B.
name: Sitko, M.
name: Russell, R.
name: Werren, C.
name: Cure, M.
name: Currie, T.
name: Ohashi, N.
name: Okamoto, Y.
name: Momose, M.
name: Honda, M.
name: Inutsuka, S.
name: Takeuchi, T.
name: Dong, R.
name: Abe, L.
name: Brandner, W.
name: Brandt, T.
name: Carson, J.
name: Egner, S.
name: Feldt, M.
name: Fukue, T.
name: Goto, M.
name: Guyon, O.
name: Hayano, Y.
name: Hayashi, M.
name: Hayashi, S.
name: Henning, T.
name: Hodapp, K. W.
name: Ishii, M.
name: Iye, M.
name: Janson, M.
name: Kandori, R.
name: Knapp, G. R.
name: Kudo, T.
name: Kusakabe, N.
name: Kuzuhara, M.
name: Matsuo, T.
name: Mayama, S.
name: McElwain, M. W.
name: Miyama, S.
name: Morino, J. -I.
name: Moro-Martin, A.
name: Nishimura, T.
name: Pyo, T. -S.
name: Serabyn, E.
name: Suto, H.
name: Suzuki, R.
name: Takami, M.
name: Takato, N.
name: Terada, H.
name: Thalmann, C.
name: Tomono, D.
name: Turner, E. L.
name: Watanabe, M.
name: Wisniewski, J. P.
name: Yamada, T.
name: Takami, H.
name: Usuda, T.
name: Tamura, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high-resolution, H-band, imaging observations, collected with Subaru/HiCIAO, of the scattered light from the transitional disk around SAO 206462 (HD 135344B). Although previous sub-mm imagery suggested the existence of the dust-depleted cavity at r~46AU, our observations reveal the presence of scattered light components as close as 0.2" (~28AU) from the star. Moreover, we have discovered two small-scale spiral structures lying within 0.5" (~70AU). We present models for the spiral structures using the spiral density wave theory, and derive a disk aspect ratio of h~0.1, which is consistent with previous sub-mm observations. This model can potentially give estimates of the temperature and rotation profiles of the disk based on dynamical processes, independently from sub-mm observations. It also predicts the evolution of the spiral structures, which can be observable on timescales of 10-20 years, providing conclusive tests of the model. While we cannot uniquely identify the origin of these spirals, planets embedded in the disk may be capable of exciting the observed morphology. Assuming that this is the case, we can make predictions on the locations and, possibly, the masses of the unseen planets. Such planets may be detected by future multi-wavelengths observations.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, ApJL in press, typo corrected
The Shadowbanning Ecosystem of Opacity: Understanding the Experiences of SMP Users
Creators: name: Leskovac, Milana
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Content Moderation
subject: Opacity
subject: Shadowbanning
subject: User Experiences
subject: Risk
subject: Social Media Platforms
subject: Education--Social Sciences

description: With seemingly clear rules of play, social media platforms (SMPs) offer a vast platform for many to freely share their ideas and opinions. However, some users report experiences in which their ability to engage online has been restricted or revoked. Increasingly, SMP users claim that SMPs remove or reduce certain content and/or accounts without notification and/or explanation, an action colloquially known as shadowbanning. While the reasons behind banning or reducing certain content are apparent, such as hate speech comments, other covert decisions are more ambiguous. This mixed methods study analyzes first-hand and second-hand user experiences with shadowbanning, how their perceptions of this phenomenon, and its’ associated risks, impact their experiences on SMPs and how they impact their behaviour online. Through a web-based survey, individuals were asked to provide a brief description of their experience with shadowbanning which were then explored in further detail with a subset of survey respondents in follow-up interviews. Analyzing this issue through a social constructionist perspective and sociocultural theory of risk, this study reveals how complex the issue of shadowbanning is from its’ basic, subjective definitions to how users perceive its’ impacts, and the associated risks. As such the first goal of this study was to bring clarity to the definitional challenge of the phenomenon, the second was to analyze user risk perception and response. The complexity of this phenomenon has elicited considerable confusion and has led to the proliferation of a shadowbanning ecosystem of opacity. However, while users have been vocal about their concerns, they are not being heard. Up until recent admissions that major platforms like Twitter do engage in this type of content moderation, SMPs have largely committed to responding to claims of unjust, opaque banning using tactics of denial and gaslighting. By employing a user-centered approach, this research speaks to wider lifestyle, social, economic, and activism barriers and risks that users regularly encounter; it highlights how users respond to perceived risks and ultimately, what impact this has on public discourse. This work also emphasizes the need for better transparency and communication on the part of those SMPs.
Additional file 7: of Establishment of long-term serum-free culture for lacrimal gland stem cells aiming at lacrimal gland repair
Creators: name: Xiao, Sa
name: Zhang, Yan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Figure S4. Isolation and characterization of ROSA-LGSGs. A. The fluorescent images of primary cultured NOD-LGSCs at day 7; BF, bright field. B. Gene expression of adult stem/progenitor cell markers of LGSCs and ROSA-LGSCs. C. Gene expression of adult stem cell and differentiated markers of ROSA-LGSCs cultured for 5, 7, 10, and 14 days. AQP5, marker of secretory cells; Ltf, secretory protein gene of LG; Krt19, marker of ductal cells; Krt14, marker of adult stem cells; ***, P < 0.01; n = 3. D. Immunofluorescent staining of ROSA-LGCSs cultured for 7 and 14 days. Krt14 (red, stem cells), Krt19 (red, ductal cells), Ki67 (red, proliferative cells), scale bar, 50 μm. Nuclear staining, DAPI (blue) (PDF 9434 kb)
Isospin-Violating Dark Matter in the Sun
Creators: name: Gao, Yu
name: Kumar, Jason
name: Marfatia, Danny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the prospects for studying spin-independent isospin-violating dark matter-nucleon interactions with neutrinos from dark matter annihilation in the Sun, with a focus on IceCube/DeepCore (IC/DC). If dark matter-nucleon interactions are isospin violating, IC/DC's reach in the spin-independent cross section may be competitive with current direct detection experiments for a wide range of dark matter masses. We also compare IC/DC's sensitivity to that of next generation argon, germanium, neon and xenon based detectors.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures, PDFLaTeX, journal version
Modulated non-collinear magnetic structure of (Co$_{0.97}$$^{57}$Fe$_{0.03}$)$_{4}$Nb$_{2}$O$_{9}$ as revealed by Mössbauer spectroscopy
Creators: name: Zhang, Bo
name: Kuang, Qifeng
name: Pang, Hua
name: Li, Fashen
name: Tang, Liyun
name: Li, Da
name: Li, Zhiwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we present detailed $^{57}$Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy investigations of (Co$_{0.97}$$^{57}$Fe$_{0.03}$)$_{4}$Nb$_{2}$O$_{9}$ compound to study its possible magnetic structures. We have shown that the previously reported magnetic structures can not satisfactorily describe our low temperature Mössbauer spectra. Therefore, in combination with theoretical calculations, we have proposed a modulated helicoidal magnetic structure that can be used to simulate the whole series of our low temperature Mössbauer spectra. Our results suggest that the combination of previously reported different magnetic structures are only approximations of the average magnetic structure from our modulated helicoidal model. We anticipate that the proposed modulated non-collinear magnetic structure might shed light on the understanding of the complex magnetoelectric effects observed in this system.
description: To be published in Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials; online version: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304885323003876 Or DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2023.170738
Assessment of Amount of Emulsion Stabilizers in Oil Sands Bitumen
Creators: name: Tamayo Duran, Leidy Carolina
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Asphaltene
subject: Water-in-Oil Emulsion
subject: Emulsion Stabilizer
subject: Non-Aqueous Extraction
subject: Recovery
subject: Oil sands
subject: Engineering--Petroleum

description: In current commercial oilsands bitumen extraction processes, ores of different quality are blended to utilize poorer quality ores and maintain a consistent processibility. The choice and proportion of ores in the blend is guided by the fines content of the ores. However, the processibility does not correlate consistently with the fines content, leading to poorer than predicted performance. It was hypothesized that the deviations in processibility were caused by differences in emulsion stability which could be attributed to different amounts of emulsion stabilizers in the bitumens from different ores. These stabilizers are believed to be concentrated in the asphaltenes, the least soluble fraction of the bitumen. To test the hypothesis, the amount of strong emulsifiers was assessed for asphaltenes from different mines in Alberta. Bitumen was extracted with cyclohexane using a multistage method equivalent to a counter current process with a solvent/ore ratio of 0.67 w/w. Asphaltenes were separated and the toluene insoluble components were removed. The asphaltenes were fractionated by solubility and interfacial adsorption methods. The strong stabilizer content was determined by comparing the stability of water-in-oil emulsions prepared from the different fractions dissolved in a solution of heptane and toluene. Finally, the stability of water-in-oil emulsions prepared from bitumen in the same solution was measured to determine if the there was a correlation between the strong stabilizer content and water-in-bitumen emulsion stability. No correlation was found and therefore the hypothesis was disproven and variations in strong stabilizer content are not likely to impact ore processibility. The extraction data collected in this study also allowed testing the claim that bitumen recovery in non-aqueous extraction (NAE) is unaffected by ore quality. Bitumen recovery and product quality were measured for each ore. It was observed that bitumen recovery correlated negatively with the clay content of the ore. This loss of recovery was attributed to bitumen adsorption on clays, where higher clay content led to greater mass adsorption and lower recovery. The product quality was found to be insensitive to the ore quality.
Nonlinear dynamics of semiclassical coherent states in periodic potentials
Creators: name: Carles, Rémi
name: Sparber, Christof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider nonlinear Schrodinger equations with either local or nonlocal nonlinearities. In addition, we include periodic potentials as used, for example, in matter wave experiments in optical lattices. By considering the corresponding semiclassical scaling regime, we construct asymptotic solutions, which are concentrated both in space and in frequency around the effective semiclassical phase-space flow induced by Bloch's spectral problem. The dynamics of these generalized coherent states is governed by a nonlinear Schrodinger model with effective mass. In the case of nonlocal nonlinearities we establish a novel averaging type result in the critical case.
description: 14 pages, to appear in J. Phys. A
6.2 IRISS WP6 Technical Report
Creators: name: Perry, Ryan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The Australian Data Archive has developed a proposed workflow for the harmonisation of social survey data, that takes account of the practical steps required to bring diverse content together in a machine-actionable way. This harmonisation workflow includes pre-processing of metadata consistent with established archival practises, and incorporates external registered, persistent content.
The workflow is oriented towards improving FAIR practices in the harmonisation process - through the use of reusable, accessible metadata structures that can both improve processing consistency for current projects, and be applied to future harmonisation projects.
There is a need for consistent pre-processing of data and metadata within repositories to reduce error handling in the harmonisation process. The ADA have developed an initial set of processing rules that will be implemented in CARAT.
Core and peripheral settlements in ancient central Panamá : a reconstruction of population change at Site 054 in the Río Parita Valley
Creators: name: Jessome, MacKenzie Kirk
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: The suggestion that demographically nucleated cultural centers of Preconquest central Panamanian Coclé chiefdoms firmly controlled and/or influenced peripherally located occupations is empirically evaluated using newly collected, intensive survey sampling in the Río Parita valley and shovel testing of one small site in particular: Site 054. This research shows that Site 054, a relatively small-scale hamlet for its entire 1300 year-long occupation (A.D. 250 to 1522) was peripherally located relative to the major centres at the time. In spite of rapid, precocious advances in socio-political complexity at adjacent sites within the valley, Site 054 appears to have remained unaffected by trends of population nucleation associated with the emergence of complex socio-political organization. It was not until 200 years after chiefly authority had been established in the valley that Site 054 was impacted by trends of population nucleation. The findings of this research contribute to a collectively established and expanding archaeological database designed to test specific environmental and cultural factors involved in the emergence of Coclé chiefdoms in the Central Region of Panamá.
title: Algorithmic Sea: The Fluid Critical Making and Seeing of Color
Creators: name: Pereira, Gabriel
name: Schorr, Sarah
name: de Oliveira, Carlos
Publisher: name: The Digital Review
Year: 2021

description: This interactive essay discusses the critical making process behind the net art and site-specific installation Algorithmic Sea (available on algorithmicsea.com). The essay uses water and its characteristics as a prism to develop a critical making practice that examines the inherent flow and impermanence inherent to artistic and research production. The Algorithmic Sea installation is an invitation to reflect on the limitations, implications, and politics of human and algorithmic ways of seeing of color.
Acute Ischemic Stroke Analysis Using Deep Learning-based Image-to-image Translation
Creators: name: Gutierrez Munoz, Jose Alejandro
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence
subject: Radiology
subject: Medicine and Surgery
subject: Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pathology

description: Acute ischemic stroke occurs due to the sudden occlusion of a cerebral artery, leading to a disruption in metabolic homeostasis and cell damage. Accurate diagnosis and informed treatment decision-making rely on clinical assessments accompanied by medical imaging. Deep learning methods offer the potential to enhance this decision-making by enabling complex pattern recognition. However, they often rely on large amounts of data, which poses a challenge in stroke centers due to the diverse range of imaging modalities employed. Moreover, specialized processing is often required for the meaningful interpretation of valuable imaging methods like perfusion imaging. Recent advancements in deep learning have made it easier to process and analyze perfusion data by predicting the follow-up tissue outcome. However, these models rely on manual binary lesion segmentations as prediction targets, which may hinder interpretability and limit the amount of available data. To address these limitations, the work described in this thesis utilizes a set of deep learning techniques known as image-to-image translation networks in two distinct ways. First, a method was developed to simulate computed tomography datasets based on magnetic resonance imaging scans and vice versa. The results showed that the proposed approach produces realistic outputs, effectively changing the modality while preserving stroke lesions and brain morphology in follow-up scans. This increases the availability of single-modality data and provides an alternative imaging option for follow-up stroke evaluation. Second, a method was developed to predict stroke tissue outcomes from perfusion scans, without relying on manual lesion segmentations and predicting the follow-up image instead. The results show that the proposed method is able to capture the effects of different treatments, highlighting its potential as a tool for treatment guidance or efficacy evaluation. In conclusion, the application of image-to-image generative modelling proves to be valuable for enhancing acute ischemic stroke analysis and care.
Limit cycles in mass-conserving deficiency-one mass-action systems
Creators: name: Boros, Balázs
name: Hofbauer, Josef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34C25, 34C23, 37G10, 37G15

description: We present some simple mass-action systems with limit cycles that fall under the scope of the Deficiency-One Theorem. All the constructed examples are mass-conserving and their stoichiometric subspace is two-dimensional. Using the continuation software MATCONT, we depict the limit cycles in all stoichiometric classes at once. The networks are trimolecular and tetramolecular, and some exhibit two or even three limit cycles. Finally, we show that the associated mass-action system of a bimolecular reaction network with two-dimensional stoichiometric subspace does not admit a limit cycle.
Additional file 13 of Small RNA profiling for identification of microRNAs involved in regulation of seed development and lipid biosynthesis in yellowhorn
Creators: name: Wang, Li
name: Ruan, Chengjiang
name: Bao, Aomin
name: Li, He
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 13: Table S11. Primers for qRT-PCR analysis of differentially expressed miRNAs.