cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Mirror channel eigenvectors of the $d$-dimensional fishnets
Creators: name: Derkachov, Sergey
name: Ferrando, Gwenaël
name: Olivucci, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a basis of eigenvectors for the graph building operators acting along the mirror channel of planar fishnet Feynman integrals in $d$-dimensions. The eigenvectors of a fishnet lattice of length $L$ depend on a set of $L$ quantum numbers $(u_k,l_k)$, each associated with the rapidity and bound-state index of a lattice excitation. Each excitation is a particle in $(1+1)$-dimensions with $O(d)$ internal symmetry, and the wave-functions are formally constructed with a set of creation/annihilation operators that satisfy the corresponding Zamolodchikovs-Faddeev algebra. These properties are proved via the representation - new to our knowledge - of the matrix elements of the fused R-matrix with $O(d)$ symmetry as integral operators on the functions of two spacetime points. The spectral decomposition of a fishnet integral we achieved can be applied to the computation of Basso-Dixon integrals in higher dimensions.
description: 51 pages, 19 figures
Declaration of Intention of Julius Powel
Creators: name: United States. Bureau Of Naturalization
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 1924

description: Declaration of Intention to become a citizen of the United States, as filled out and signed by: Julius Powel  Applicant age: 54Occupation: PainterCountry of Origin:GermanyDate of Birth: March 5, 1870Sailed to the US aboard the vessel:  American Hamberg American Line Declaration submitted and sworn: August 19, 1924Residing in: Absecon City, NJ.
A Stellar Activity F-statistic for Exoplanet Surveys (SAFE)
Creators: name: Holzer, Parker H.
name: Cisewski-Kehe, Jessi
name: Zhao, Lily
name: Ford, Eric B.
name: Gilbertson, Christian
name: Fischer, Debra A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the search for planets orbiting distant stars the presence of stellar activity in the atmospheres of observed stars can obscure the radial velocity signal used to detect such planets. Furthermore, this stellar activity contamination is set by the star itself and cannot simply be avoided with better instrumentation. Various stellar activity indicators have been developed that may correlate with this contamination. We introduce a new stellar activity indicator called the Stellar Activity F-statistic for Exoplanet surveys (SAFE) that has higher statistical power (i.e., probability of detecting a true stellar activity signal) than many traditional stellar activity indicators in a simulation study of an active region on a Sun-like star with moderate to high signal-to-noise. Also through simulation, the SAFE is demonstrated to be associated with the projected area on the visible side of the star covered by active regions. We also demonstrate that the SAFE detects statistically significant stellar activity in most of the spectra for HD 22049, a star known to have high stellar variability. Additionally, the SAFE is calculated for recent observations of the three low-variability stars HD 34411, HD 10700, and HD 3651, the latter of which is known to have a planetary companion. As expected, the SAFE for these three only occasionally detects activity. Furthermore, initial exploration appears to indicate that the SAFE may be useful for disentangling stellar activity signals from planet-induced Doppler shifts.
description: 20 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal
All-PM Divided Pulse Fiber Oscillator Mode-locked with the Optical Kerr-effect
Creators: name: Edelmann, Marvin
name: Hua, Yi
name: Kulscar, Gabor
name: Kärtner, Franz X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter, we investigate a Yb-doped mode-locked fiber oscillator that uses coherent pulse division and recombination to avoid excessive nonlinear phase shifts. The mode-locking mechanism of the laser is based on the accumulation of a differential nonlinear phase between orthogonal polarization modes in the polarization-maintaining fiber segment. The inserted coherent pulse divider, based on YVO4-crystals rotated successively by 45°, enables stable and undistorted mode-locked steady-states. The output pulse energy is increased from 89 pJ in the non-divided operation by ~6.5 dB to more than 400 pJ with three divisions. Measurements of the amplitude-fluctuations reveal a simultaneous broadband reduction of up to ~9 dB in the frequency range from 10 kHz to 2MHz.
Artificial Intelligence Approach to the Determination of Physical Properties of Eclipsing Binaries. I. The EBAI Project
Creators: name: Prsa, A.
name: Guinan, E. F.
name: Devinney, E. J.
name: DeGeorge, M.
name: Bradstreet, D. H.
name: Giammarco, J. M.
name: Alcock, C. R.
name: Engle, S. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Achieving maximum scientific results from the overwhelming volume of astronomical data to be acquired over the next few decades will demand novel, fully automatic methods of data analysis. Artificial intelligence approaches hold great promise in contributing to this goal. Here we apply neural network learning technology to the specific domain of eclipsing binary (EB) stars, of which only some hundreds have been rigorously analyzed, but whose numbers will reach millions in a decade. Well-analyzed EBs are a prime source of astrophysical information whose growth rate is at present limited by the need for human interaction with each EB data-set, principally in determining a starting solution for subsequent rigorous analysis. We describe the artificial neural network (ANN) approach which is able to surmount this human bottleneck and permit EB-based astrophysical information to keep pace with future data rates. The ANN, following training on a sample of 33,235 model light curves, outputs a set of approximate model parameters (T2/T1, (R1+R2)/a, e sin(omega), e cos(omega), and sin i) for each input light curve data-set. The whole sample is processed in just a few seconds on a single 2GHz CPU. The obtained parameters can then be readily passed to sophisticated modeling engines. We also describe a novel method polyfit for pre-processing observational light curves before inputting their data to the ANN and present the results and analysis of testing the approach on synthetic data and on real data including fifty binaries from the Catalog and Atlas of Eclipsing Binaries (CALEB) database and 2580 light curves from OGLE survey data. [abridged]
description: 52 pages, accepted to ApJ
SimCSE++: Improving Contrastive Learning for Sentence Embeddings from Two Perspectives
Creators: name: Xu, Jiahao
name: Shao, Wei
name: Chen, Lihui
name: Liu, Lemao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper improves contrastive learning for sentence embeddings from two perspectives: handling dropout noise and addressing feature corruption. Specifically, for the first perspective, we identify that the dropout noise from negative pairs affects the model's performance. Therefore, we propose a simple yet effective method to deal with such type of noise. Secondly, we pinpoint the rank bottleneck of current solutions to feature corruption and propose a dimension-wise contrastive learning objective to address this issue. Both proposed methods are generic and can be applied to any contrastive learning based models for sentence embeddings. Experimental results on standard benchmarks demonstrate that combining both proposed methods leads to a gain of 1.8 points compared to the strong baseline SimCSE configured with BERT base. Furthermore, applying the proposed method to DiffCSE, another strong contrastive learning based baseline, results in a gain of 1.4 points.
Additional file 1 of Characterization of esophageal motor activity, gastroesophageal reflux, and evaluation of prokinetic effectiveness in mechanically ventilated critically ill patients: a high-resolution impedance manometry study
Creators: name: Balihar, Karel
name: Kotyza, Jan
name: Zdrhova, Lucie
name: Kozeluhova, Jana
name: Krcma, Michal
name: Matejovic, Martin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Study protocol and high-resolution impedance manometry record analysis details.
On the adiabaticity of emittance exchange due to crossing of the coupling resonance
Creators: name: Bazzani, A.
name: Capoani, F.
name: Giovannozzi, M.
name: Neishtadt, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In circular accelerators, crossing the linear coupling resonance induces the exchange of the transverse emittances, provided the process is adiabatic. This has been considered in some previous works, where the description of the phenomenon has been laid down, and, more recently, where a possible explanation of the numerical results has been proposed. In this paper, we introduce a theoretical framework to analyze the crossing process, based on the theory of adiabatic invariance for Hamiltonian mechanics, which explains in detail various features of the emittance exchange process.
Additional file 2 of Characterization of esophageal motor activity, gastroesophageal reflux, and evaluation of prokinetic effectiveness in mechanically ventilated critically ill patients: a high-resolution impedance manometry study
Creators: name: Balihar, Karel
name: Kotyza, Jan
name: Zdrhova, Lucie
name: Kozeluhova, Jana
name: Krcma, Michal
name: Matejovic, Martin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. High-resolution motility data in critically ill patients.
Declaration of Intention of Rudolph Petrosch
Creators: name: United States. Bureau Of Naturalization
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 1916

description: Declaration of Intention to become a citizen of the United States, as filled out and signed by: Rudolph Petrosch   Applicant age: 24Occupation: FarmerCountry of Origin: AustriaDate of Birth: December 28, 1886Sailed to the US aboard the vessel: Slovonia   Residence when form submitted: West Egg Harbor City, NJ
Symmetry-protected non-Abelian geometric phases in optical waveguides with nonorthogonal modes
Creators: name: Pinske, Julien
name: Scheel, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The generation of non-Abelian geometric phases from a system of evanescently coupled waveguides is extended towards the framework of nonorthogonal coupled-mode theory. Here, we study an experimentally feasible tripod arrangement of waveguides that contain dark states from which a nontrivial U(2)-mixing can be obtained by means of an adiabatic parameter variation. We investigate the influence of higher-order contributions beyond nearest-neighbour coupling as well as self-coupling on the stability of a U(3)-phase generated from an optical tetrapod setup. Our results indicate that, despite the mode nonorthogonality, the symmetry of dark states protects the geometric evolution of light from distortion.
description: 8 pages, 11 figures
Additional file 3 of Characterization of esophageal motor activity, gastroesophageal reflux, and evaluation of prokinetic effectiveness in mechanically ventilated critically ill patients: a high-resolution impedance manometry study
Creators: name: Balihar, Karel
name: Kotyza, Jan
name: Zdrhova, Lucie
name: Kozeluhova, Jana
name: Krcma, Michal
name: Matejovic, Martin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3. Number of reflux episodes for the entire of recording period.
Langevin dynamics of the pure SU(2) deconfining transition
Creators: name: Fraga, E. S.
name: Krein, G.
name: Mizher, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dissipative real-time evolution of the order parameter for the deconfining transition in the pure SU(2) gauge theory. The approach to equilibrium after a quench to temperatures well above the critical one is described by a Langevin equation. To fix completely the markovian Langevin dynamics we choose the dissipation coefficient, that is a function of the temperature, guided by preliminary Monte Carlo simulations for various temperatures. Assuming a relationship between Monte Carlo time and real time, we estimate the delay in thermalization brought about by dissipation and noise.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures; v2: minor changes, published version
A case study of the Hirsch index for 26 non-prominent physicists
Creators: name: Schreiber, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The h index was introduced by Hirsch to quantify an individual's scientific research output. It has been widely used in different fields to show the relevance of the research work of prominent scientists. I have worked out 26 practical cases of physicists which are not so prominent. Therefore this case study should be more relevant to discuss various features of the Hirsch index which are interesting or disturbing or both for the more average situation. In particular, I investigate quantitatively some pitfalls in the evaluation and the influence of self-citations.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures, updated after extensive language editing, no other changes to first version
Dynamical exchange-correlation potential formalism for spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ Heisenberg and Hubbard chains: the antiferromagnetic/half-filled case
Creators: name: Zhao, Zhen
name: Verdozzi, Claudio
name: Aryasetiawan, Ferdi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exchange-correlation potential formalism previously introduced and applied to the one-dimensional Hubbard model has been extended to spin systems and applied to the case of the one-dimensional antiferromagnetic spin$-\frac{1}{2}$ Heisenberg model. Within the spin exchange-correlation potential formulation, a new sum rule for spin-systems is derived. The exchange-correlation potential for the Heisenberg model is extrapolated from exact diagonalization results of small antiferromagnetic Heisenberg clusters. This procedure is also employed to revisit and computationally improve the previous investigation of the exchange-correlation potential of the half-filled Hubbard model, which was based on the exchange-correlation potential of the dimer. Numerical comparisons with exact benchmark calculations for both the Heisenberg and the Hubbard models indicate that, starting from the exchange-correlation potential of a finite cluster, the extrapolation procedure yields a one-particle spectral function with favorable accuracy at a relatively low computational cost. In addition, a comparison between the ground state energies for the one-dimensional Hubbard and Heisenberg models displays how the well known similarity in behavior of the two models at large interactions manifests within the exchange-correlation potential formalism.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures
Electronic and Spin States at Edges of Finite $p$-orbital Helical Atomic Chain
Creators: name: Kato, Takemitsu
name: Utsumi, Yasuhiro
name: Entin-Wohlman, Ora
name: Aharony, Amnon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In connection to the chiral-induced spin-selectivity (CISS) effect, we theoretically analyze the electronic and spin states of edges of a finite $p$-orbital helical atomic chain with the intra-atomic spin-orbit interaction (SOI). This model can host the spin-filtering state in which two up spins propagate in one direction and two down spins propagate in the opposite direction without breaking the time-reversal symmetry. The enhancement of charge modulations concentrated at the edges due to the evanescent states is induced, although the spin density is absent because of the time-reversal symmetry (TRS). A Zeeman field at an edge of the atomic chain, which breaks the TRS, yields a finite spin polarization, whose direction depends on the chirality of the molecule. The chirality change induces a reasonable amount of the energy difference, which may provide an insight into the enantioselective adsorption of chiral molecules on the ferromagnetic surface.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, title modified, sec IV added
Additional file 1 of An assessment of implementation science research capacity in Uganda
Creators: name: Semeere, Aggrey S.
name: Semitala, Fred C.
name: Lunkuse, Olivia
name: Katahoire, Anne
name: Sewankambo, Nelson K.
name: Kamya, Moses R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Questionnaire.
High-overtone fits to numerical relativity ringdowns: beyond the dismissed n=8 special tone
Creators: name: Forteza, Xisco Jiménez
name: Mourier, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In general relativity, the remnant object originating from an uncharged black hole merger is a Kerr black hole. The approach to this final state is reached through the emission of a late train of radiation known as the black hole ringdown. The ringdown morphology is described by a countably infinite set of damped sinusoids, whose complex frequencies are solely determined by the final black hole's mass and spin. Recent results advocate that ringdown waveforms from numerical relativity can be fully described from the peak of the strain onwards if quasi-normal mode models with $N_{max}=7$ overtones are used. In this work we extend this analysis to models with $N_{max}\geq 7$ up to $N_{max}=16$ overtones by exploring the parameter bias on the final mass and final spin obtained by fitting the nonprecessing binary black hole simulations from the SXS catalogue. To this aim, we have computed the spin weight $-2$ quasi-normal mode frequencies and angular separation constants for the special $(l=m=2, n=8,9)$ overtones for the Kerr spacetime. We find that a total of $N_{max}\sim 6$ overtones are on average sufficient to model the ringdown starting at the peak of the strain, although about $21\%$ of the cases studied require at least $N_{max}\sim 12$ overtones to reach a comparable accuracy on the final state parameters. Considering the waveforms from an earlier or later point in time, we find that a very similar maximum accuracy can be reached in each case, occurring at a different number of overtones $N_{max}$. We provide new error estimates for the SXS waveforms based on the extrapolation and the resolution uncertainties of the gravitational wave strain. Finally, we observe substantial instabilities on the values of the best-fit amplitudes of the tones beyond the fundamental mode and the first overtone, that, nevertheless, do not impact significantly the mass and spin estimates.
description: Version consistent with the PRD publication
Discussion of ``2004 IMS Medallion Lecture: Local Rademacher complexities and oracle inequalities in risk minimization'' by V. Koltchinskii
Creators: name: Shen, Xiaotong
name: Wang, Lifeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Risk Management (q-fin.RM)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Discussion of ``2004 IMS Medallion Lecture: Local Rademacher complexities and oracle inequalities in risk minimization'' by V. Koltchinskii [arXiv:0708.0083]
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009053606000001055 in the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Extreme events in globally coupled chaotic maps
Creators: name: Chowdhury, Sayantan Nag
name: Ray, Arnob
name: Mishra, Arindam
name: Ghosh, Dibakar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding and predicting uncertain things are the central themes of scientific evolution. Human beings revolve around these fears of uncertainties concerning various aspects like a global pandemic, health, finances, to name but a few. Dealing with this unavoidable part of life is far tougher due to the chaotic nature of these unpredictable activities. In the present article, we consider a global network of identical chaotic maps, which splits into two different clusters, despite the interaction between all nodes are uniform. The stability analysis of the spatially homogeneous chaotic solutions provides a critical coupling strength, before which we anticipate such partial synchronization. The distance between these two chaotic synchronized populations often deviates more than eight times of standard deviation from its long-term average. The probability density function of these highly deviated values fits well with the Generalized Extreme Value distribution. Meanwhile, the distribution of recurrence time intervals between extreme events resembles the Weibull distribution. The existing literature helps us to characterize such events as extreme events using the significant height. These extremely high fluctuations are less frequent in terms of their occurrence. We determine numerically a range of coupling strength for these extremely large but recurrent events. On-off intermittency is the responsible mechanism underlying the formation of such extreme events. Besides understanding the generation of such extreme events and their statistical signature, we furnish forecasting these events using the powerful deep learning algorithms of an artificial recurrent neural network. This Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) can offer handy one-step forecasting of these chaotic intermittent bursts. We also ensure the robustness of this forecasting model with two hundred hidden cells in each LSTM layer.
description: Accepted for publication in Journal of Physics: Complexity (22 pages, 6 figures)
Additional file 1 of The association between clinical laboratory data and chest CT findings explains disease severity in a large Italian cohort of COVID-19 patients
Creators: name: Canovi, Simone
name: Besutti, Giulia
name: Bonelli, Efrem
name: Iotti, Valentina
name: Ottone, Marta
name: Albertazzi, Laura
name: Zerbini, Alessandro
name: Pattacini, Pierpaolo
name: Rossi, Paolo Giorgi
name: Colla, Rossana
name: Fasano, Tommaso
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Additional Table.
Update: Accurate Determinations of alpha_s from Realistic Lattice QCD
Creators: name: Davies, C. T. H.
name: Hornbostel, K.
name: Kendall, I. D.
name: Lepage, G. P.
name: McNeile, C.
name: Shigemitsu, J.
name: Trottier, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use lattice QCD simulations, with MILC configurations (including vacuum polarization from u, d, and s quarks), to update our previous determinations of the QCD coupling constant. Our new analysis uses results from 6 different lattice spacings and 12 different combinations of sea-quark masses to significantly reduce our previous errors. We also correct for finite-lattice-spacing errors in the scale setting, and for nonperturbative chiral corrections to the 22 short-distance quantities from which we extract the coupling. Our final result is alpha_V(7.5GeV,nf=3) = 0.2120(28), which is equivalent to alpha_msbar(M_Z,n_f=5)= 0.1183(8). We compare this with our previous result, which differs by one standard deviation.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures, 4 tables
Spin/Valley pumping of resident electrons in WSe2 and WS2 monolayers
Creators: name: Robert, Cedric
name: Park, Sangjun
name: Cadiz, Fabian
name: Lombez, Laurent
name: Ren, Lei
name: Tornatzky, Hans
name: Rowe, Alistair
name: Paget, Daniel
name: Sirotti, Fausto
name: Yang, Min
name: Van Tuan, Dinh
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Urbaszek, Bernhard
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Amand, Thierry
name: Dery, Hanan
name: Marie, Xavier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Monolayers of transition metal dichalcogenides are ideal materials to control both spin and valley degrees of freedom either electrically or optically. Nevertheless, optical excitation mostly generates excitons species with inherently short lifetime and spin/valley relaxation time. Here we demonstrate a very efficient spin/valley optical pumping of resident electrons in n-doped WSe2 and WS2 monolayers. We observe that, using a continuous wave laser and appropriate doping and excitation densities, negative trion doublet lines exhibit circular polarization of opposite sign and the photoluminescence intensity of the triplet trion is more than four times larger with circular excitation than with linear excitation. We interpret our results as a consequence of a large dynamic polarization of resident electrons using circular light.
Entropy scaling and simulability by Matrix Product States
Creators: name: Schuch, Norbert
name: Wolf, Michael M.
name: Verstraete, Frank
name: Cirac, J. Ignacio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the relation between the scaling of block entropies and the efficient simulability by Matrix Product States (MPS), and clarify the connection both for von Neumann and Renyi entropies (see Table I). Most notably, even states obeying a strict area law for the von Neumann entropy are not necessarily approximable by MPS. We apply these results to illustrate that quantum computers might outperform classical computers in simulating the time evolution of quantum systems, even for completely translational invariant systems subject to a time independent Hamiltonian.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure. v2: Accepted version, minor changes and clarifications, Journal-Ref. added
Hieracium L.
Creators: name: Milutinović, Violeta
name: Niketić, Marjan
name: Krunić, Aleksej
name: Nikolić, Dejan
name: Petković, Miloš
name: Ušjak, Ljuboš
name: Petrović, Silvana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Hieracium

description: 4.4. LC-MS analysis of dry MeOH extracts of flowering aerial parts of 28
Hieracium species
Dried and powdered flowering aerial parts of 28 Hieracium species were pre-extracted with CH 2 Cl 2 and then bimacerated with MeOH in the same manner as in the case of the flowering heads of H. calophyllum. The number of individual plants from each species used for the extraction, the total masses of plant material, the masses of the obtained methanol extracts, and extraction yields are presented in Table 4. The obtained dried MeOH extracts were dissolved in MeOH (8.5 mg /ml), filtered through a membrane filter (0.22 μm) and subjected to qualitative and quantitative LC/SQ-MS analysis. For this purpose, Zorbax SBAq column (150 × 3.0 mm; 3.5 μm particle size, Agilent Technologies), operating at 25 ̊C, was used. The mobile phases consisted of 5 mM HCO 2 NH 4 in H 2 O (A), and MeOH (B). The gradient program was as follows: 5–10% B (8 min), 10–30% B (5 min), isocratic 30% B (2 min), 30-20% B (2 min), isocratic 20% B (2 min), 20–30% B (4 min), 30–40% B (5 min), 40–95% B (2 min), with the total run of 30 min, post run of 5 min, flow rate of 0.3 ml/min, and Vinj of 3 μl. DAD was operating at 210 and 254 nm, while MSD data were acquired in the positive ion mode: in the full-scan mode in the range of m/z 80–700, and in the Selected Ion Monitoring (SIM) mode at m/z 540.20 (1 and 3), 378.10 (2) of [M+H] +, and 442.20 (4) of [M+NH 4] +. Ion source parameters were the same as for the preparative LC-MS analysis. The MSD (in SIM mode) peak areas were used for the quantitative analysis by the external standard method. Isolated compounds (1–4) were used as the reference substances and dissolved in MeOH to obtain stock solutions (0.2 mg /ml). The calibration curves were constructed using ten different concentrations of 1–4. For each concentration, the data were recorded three times. Linearity, linear ranges, LODs and LOQs of the compounds were determined according to International Conference on Harmonization guidelines (ICH, 2005). Resulting regression equations were used to test the linearity by calculating the correlation coefficients (r 2), as well as to determine LODs and LOQs using the standard deviations of the response (σ) and the calibration curve slopes (a), in the following way:
LOD=3.3 × σ / a
LOQ =10 × σ / a
(1)
(2)
description: Published as part of Milutinović, Violeta, Niketić, Marjan, Krunić, Aleksej, Nikolić, Dejan, Petković, Miloš, Ušjak, Ljuboš & Petrović, Silvana, 2018, Sesquiterpene lactones from the methanol extracts of twenty-eight Hieracium species from the Balkan Peninsula and their chemosystematic significance, pp. 19-30 in Phytochemistry 154 on page 29, DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.06.008, http://zenodo.org/record/10484041
Additional file 2 of TNFα priming through its interaction with TNFR2 enhances endothelial progenitor cell immunosuppressive effect: new hope for their widespread clinical application
Creators: name: Barkestani, Mahsa Nouri
name: Shamdani, Sara
name: Mazdak Afshar Bakshloo
name: Arouche, Nassim
name: Bambai, Bijan
name: Uzan, Georges
name: Naserian, Sina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary Figure 1: TNFα priming enhances ECFC capacity to down-modulate T cell activation markers. Anti-CD3/CD28 activated human CD3+CD25− T cells were co-cultured with CB-ECFCs and APB-ECFCs in a fixed 1:6 ECFC to T cell ratio. After 3 day, T cells were collected and the MFI of activation markers (CD25, GITR, TNFR2 and ICOS) were analysed by flow cytometry. The markers were studied among CD4+ Tconvs (left graphs) and among CD8+ Tconvs (right graphs). MFI values have been normalized with T cells alone control group. Each dot represents a measured value collected from 2 different experiments (n=6). For each group of values, horizontal lines represent mean value ± SEM. One way ANOVA analysis was performed to generate P values.
Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian finite element approximations for axisymmetric two-phase flow
Creators: name: Garcke, Harald
name: Nürnberg, Robert
name: Zhao, Quan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze numerical approximations for axisymmetric two-phase flow in the arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) framework. We consider a parametric formulation for the evolving fluid interface in terms of a one-dimensional generating curve. For the two-phase Navier-Stokes equations, we introduce both conservative and nonconservative ALE weak formulations in the 2d meridian half-plane. Piecewise linear parametric elements are employed for discretizing the moving interface, which is then coupled to a moving finite element approximation of the bulk equations. This leads to a variety of ALE methods, which enjoy either an equidistribution property or unconditional stability. Furthermore, we adapt these introduced methods with the help of suitable time-weighted discrete normals, so that the volume of the two phases is exactly preserved on the discrete level. Numerical results for rising bubbles and oscillating droplets are presented to show the efficiency and accuracy of these introduced methods.
Quantum gravity phenomenology from the perspective of quantum general relativity and quadratic gravity
Creators: name: Menezes, Gabriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multi-messenger astronomy provides us with the possibility of discovering phenomenological signatures of quantum-gravity effects. This should be of paramount importance in the pursuit of an elusive quantum theory for the gravitational interactions. Here we discuss feasible explorations within the effective field theory treatment of general relativity. By exploring current techniques borrowed from modern amplitude methods, we calculate leading quantum corrections to the classical radiated momentum and spectral waveforms. The lessons drawn from these low-energy results are that phenomenological applications in gravitational-wave physics can be discussed in line with the effective field theory approach. In turn, we also examine possible phenomenological surveys from the perspective of a UV completion for quantum gravity which employs the metric as the fundamental dynamical variable, namely quadratic gravity. Being more specific, by resorting to the eikonal approximation, we compute the leading-order time delay/advance in the scattering of light by a heavy object and find a possible significant deviation from the standard general-relativity prediction. This allows us to probe causal uncertainty due to quantum fluctuations of the gravitational field as a genuine prediction from Planck-scale physics.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure, invited contribution to Classical and Quantum Gravity Focus Issue: "Quantum Gravity Phenomenology in the Multi-Messenger Era: Challenges and Perspectives"; v.2: Some text modifications, one figure added, typos fixed and references added. This version has 19 pages, 2 figures. Published version
Physical Conditions of Accreting Gas in T Tauri Star Systems
Creators: name: Bary, Jeffrey S.
name: Matt, Sean P.
name: Skrutskie, Michael F.
name: Wilson, John C.
name: Peterson, Dawn E.
name: Nelson, Matthew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from a low resolution (R~300) near-infrared spectroscopic variability survey of actively accreting T Tauri stars (TTS) in the Taurus-Auriga star forming region. Paschen and Brackett series H I recombination lines were detected in 73 spectra of 15 classical T Tauri systems. The values of the Pan/PaB, Brn/BrG, and BrG/Pan H I line ratios for all observations exhibit a scatter of < 20% about the weighted mean, not only from source to source, but also for epoch-to-epoch variations in the same source. A representative or `global' value was determined for each ratio in both the Paschen and Brackett series as well as the BrG/Pan line ratios. A comparison of observed line ratio values was made to those predicted by the temperature and electron density dependent models of Case B hydrogen recombination line theory. The measured line ratios are statistically well-fit by a tightly constrained range of temperatures (T < 2000 K) and electron densities 1e9 < n_e < 1e10 cm^-3. A comparison of the observed line ratio values to the values predicted by the optically thick and thin local thermodynamic equilibrium cases rules out these conditions for the emitting H I gas. Therefore, the emission is consistent with having an origin in a non-LTE recombining gas. While the range of electron densities is consistent with the gas densities predicted by existing magnetospheric accretion models, the temperature range constrained by the Case B comparison is considerably lower than that expected for accreting gas. The cooler gas temperatures will require a non-thermal excitation process (e.g., coronal/accretion-related X-rays and UV photons) to power the observed line emission.
description: 12 pages, emulateapj format, Accepted for publication in ApJ
Cosmological Constraints on Radion Evolution in the Universal Extra Dimension Model
Creators: name: Chan, K. C.
name: Chu, M. -C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The constraints on the radion evolution in the Universal Extra Dimension (UED) model from Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) and Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) data are studied. In the UED model, where both the gravity and standard model fields can propagate in the extra dimensions, the evolution of the extra dimensional volume, the radion, induces variation of fundamental constants. We discuss the effects of variation of the relevant constants in the context of UED for CMB power spectrum and SNe Ia data. We then use the three-year WMAP data to constrain the radion evolution at z \sim 1100, and the 2 σconstraint on \dotρ / ρ_0 (ρis a function of the radion, to be defined in the text) is [ -8.8, 6.6] \times 10 ^{-13} yr^-1. The SNe Ia gold sample yields a constraint on \dotρ / ρ_0, for redshift between 0 and 1, to be [-4.7, 14] \times 10^{-13} yr^-1. Furthermore, the constraints from SNe Ia can be interpreted as bounds on the evolution QCD scale parameter, \dotΛ_{QCD} / Λ_{QCD, 0}, [-1.4, 2.8] \times 10^{-11} yr^-1, without reference to the UED model.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, comments added, to appear in Phys. Rev. D
title: Snowtography: Snowpack & Soil Moisture Monitoring Handbook
Creators: name: Robles, Marcos
name: Payton, Elizabeth
name: Biederman, Joel
Publisher: name: University of Colorado Boulder
Year: 2021

description:         Western Water Assessment, in collaboration with The Nature Conservancy and the USDA-Agricultural Research Service, has produced a snowtography handbook to support resource managers, researchers, and practitioners working in forested headwater settings where the arrangement and density of trees, or the size and severity of disturbances, affect snowpack persistence and soil moisture availability.

        The snowtography handbook guides readers through the process of establishing their own snowtography and soil moisture monitoring stations. It offers guidance on site selection, snowtography options, equipment requirements, and installation. The instructions are based on snow-forest research and hands-on experience at multiple sites in Arizona, and in the San Juan National Forest in southwestern Colorado.
The Euler characteristic of local systems on the moduli of curves and abelian varieties of genus three
Creators: name: Bergström, Jonas
name: van der Geer, Gerard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show how to calculate the Euler characteristic of a local system associated to an irreducible representation of the symplectic group of genus 3 on the moduli space of curves of genus 3 and the moduli space of principally polarized abelian varieties of dimension 3.
Mechanical feedback in the molecular ISM of luminous IR galaxies
Creators: name: Loenen, A. F.
name: Spaans, M.
name: Baan, W. A.
name: Meijerink, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: Molecular emission lines originating in the nuclei of luminous infra-red galaxies are used to determine the physical properties of the nuclear ISM in these systems. Methods: A large observational database of molecular emission lines is compared with model predictions that include heating by UV and X-ray radiation, mechanical heating, and the effects of cosmic rays. Results: The observed line ratios and model predictions imply a separation of the observedsystems into three groups: XDRs, UV-dominated high-density (n>=10^5 cm-3) PDRs, and lower-density (n=10^4.5 cm-3) PDRs that are dominated by mechanical feedback. Conclusions: The division of the two types of PDRs follows naturally from the evolution of the star formation cycle of these sources, which evolves from deeply embedded young stars, resulting in high-density (n>=10^5 cm-3) PDRs, to a stage where the gas density has decreased (n=10^4.5 cm-3) and mechanical feedback from supernova shocks dominates the heating budget.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, published as Letter to the Editor in A&A (see http://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/abs/2008/34/aa10327-08/aa10327-08.html)
SuperAGILE: the hard X-ray Imager for the AGILE space mission
Creators: name: Feroci, M.
name: Costa, E.
name: Soffitta, P.
name: Del Monte, E.
name: Di Persio, G.
name: Donnarumma, I.
name: Evangelista, Y.
name: Frutti, M.
name: Lapshov, I.
name: Lazzarotto, F.
name: Mastropietro, M.
name: Morelli, E.
name: Pacciani, L.
name: Porrovecchio, G.
name: Rapisarda, M.
name: Rubini, A.
name: Tavani, M.
name: Argan, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SuperAGILE is a coded mask experiment based on silicon microstrip detectors. It operates in the 15-45 keV nominal energy range, providing crossed one-dimensional images of the X-ray sky with an on-axis angular resolution of 6 arcmin, over a field of view in excess of 1 steradian. It was designed as the hard X-ray monitor of the AGILE space mission, a small satellite of the Italian Space Agency devoted to image the gamma-ray sky in the 30 MeV - 50 GeV energy band. The AGILE mission was launched in a low-earth orbit on 23^{rd} April 2007. In this paper we describe the SuperAGILE experiment, its construction and test processes, and its performance before flight, based on the on-ground test and calibrations.
description: Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A, in press. Full version with figures included in the text, now available at: ftp://vesta.rm.iasf.cnr.it/pub/mferoci/ It will also be linked at the official AGILE web pages
Babycurus Karsch 1886
Creators: name: Kovařík, František
name: Lowe, Graeme
name: Seiter, Michael
name: Plíšková, Jana
name: Šťáhlavský, František
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Scorpiones
Buthidae
Babycurus

description: Genus Babycurus Karsch, 1886
 DIAGNOSIS. Medium to large buthids, adults 22.5–100 mm; carapace granular, lacking distinct carinae, flat, subrectangular with concave anterior margin; median eyes on low ocular tubercle in anterior half of carapace; anterior, central and posterior median furrows distinct, connected by median groove running over ocular tubercle; sternum type 1, triangular in shape; tergites I– VI granular, with single median carina which may be obsolete on I–II; tergite VII with 5 carinae; metasoma elongate, segment I with 10 carinae; segments II-IV with 8 carinae, lacking lateral median carina; metasoma V convex, sometimes dilated, carinae present or obsolete; telson ellipsoidal or pyriform in shape, with distinct subaculear tooth; pectines with fulcra; chelicerae with typical buthid dentition, fixed finger armed with two denticles on ventral surface; pedipalps orthobothriotaxic, type Aβ, femur trichobothrium d 2 internal, patella d 3 external to dorsomedian carina, chela db in distal half of fixed finger; chela manus smooth, with carinae reduced or obsolete; dentate margins of chela fingers armed with linear rows of principal denticles; rows non-imbricated or conspicuously imbricated and overlapping, flanked internally by single enlarged accessory denticle, and externally by single or double external accessory denticles; movable finger with two enlarged subdistal internal denticles, flanked externally by short apical row of denticles; pedipalp chelae sexually dimorphic: males with dilated manus, fingers with proximally flexed dentate margins, denticles of proximal rows bicuspid; tibial spurs absent on leg III, present on leg IV, tibia and tarsus III–IV without bristle combs; ventral surfaces of of tarsi equipped with two rows of setae; ungues stout.
description: Published as part of Kovařík, František, Lowe, Graeme, Seiter, Michael, Plíšková, Jana & Šťáhlavský, František, 2015, Scorpions of Ethiopia (Arachnida: Scorpiones). Part II. Genus Babycurus Karsch, 1886 (Buthidae), with description of two new species, pp. 1-31 in Euscorpius 196 on page 1
Additional file 12 of Predictors of fluid responsiveness in critically ill patients mechanically ventilated at low tidal volumes: systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Sánchez, Jorge Iván Alvarado
name: Ruiz, Juan Daniel Caicedo
name: Fernández, Juan José Diaztagle
name: Zuñiga, William Fernando Amaya
name: Ospina-Tascón, Gustavo Adolfo
name: Martínez, Luis Eduardo Cruz
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 12: Table S2. Other findings of meta-regression and subgroup analysis.
Optimal design versus maximal Monge-Kantorovich metrics
Creators: name: Bołbotowski, Karol
name: Bouchitté, Guy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 2010 MSC-class: 49J45, 49K20, 49J20, 90B06, 28A50, 74P05

description: A remarkable connection between optimal design and Monge transport was initiated in the years 1997 in the context of the minimal elastic compliance problem and where the euclidean metric cost was naturally involved. In this paper we present different variants in optimal design of mechanical structures, in particular focusing on the optimal pre-stressed elastic membrane problem. We show that the underlying metric cost is associated with an unknown maximal monotone map which maximizes the Monge-Kantorovich distance between two measures. In parallel with the classical duality theory leading to existence and (in a smooth case) to PDE optimality conditions, we present a general geometrical approach arising from a two-point scheme in which geodesics with respect to the optimal metric play a central role. These two aspects are enlightened by several explicit examples and also by numerical solutions in which optimal structures very often turn out to be truss-like i.e supported by piecewise affine geodesics. In case of a discrete load, we are able to relate the existence of such truss-like solutions to an extension property of maximal monotone maps which is of independent interest and that we propose here as a conjecture.
description: 54 pages, 26 figures