cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Far from Asymptopia
Creators: name: Abbott, Michael C.
name: Machta, Benjamin B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Other Statistics (stat.OT)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inference from limited data requires a notion of measure on parameter space, most explicit in the Bayesian framework as a prior. Here we demonstrate that Jeffreys prior, the best-known uninformative choice, introduces enormous bias when applied to typical scientific models. Such models have a relevant effective dimensionality much smaller than the number of microscopic parameters. Because Jeffreys prior treats all microscopic parameters equally, it is from uniform when projected onto the sub-space of relevant parameters, due to variations in the local co-volume of irrelevant directions. We present results on a principled choice of measure which avoids this issue, leading to unbiased inference in complex models. This optimal prior depends on the quantity of data to be gathered, and approaches Jeffreys prior in the asymptotic limit. However, this limit cannot be justified without an impossibly large amount of data, exponential in the number of microscopic parameters.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures. v2 has minor changes to match journal version
On deformations of AdS_n x S^n supercosets
Creators: name: Hoare, B.
name: Roiban, R.
name: Tseytlin, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the deformed AdS_5 x S^5 supercoset model of arXiv:1309.5850 which depends on one parameter kappa and has classical quantum group symmetry. We confirm the conjecture that in the "maximal" deformation limit kappa -> infinity this model is T-dual to "flipped" double Wick rotation of the target space AdS_5 x S^5, i.e. dS_5 x H^5 space supported by an imaginary 5-form flux. In the imaginary deformation limit, kappa -> i, the corresponding target space metric is of a pp-wave type and thus the resulting light-cone gauge S-matrix becomes relativistically invariant. Omitting non-unitary contributions of imaginary WZ terms, we find that this tree-level S-matrix is equivalent to that of the generalized sine-Gordon model representing the Pohlmeyer reduction of the undeformed AdS_5 x S^5 superstring model. We also study in some detail similar deformations of the AdS_3 x S^3 and AdS_2 x S^2 supercosets. The bosonic part of the deformed AdS_3 x S^3 model happens to be equivalent to the symmetric case of the sum of the Fateev integrable deformation of the SL(2) and SU(2) principal chiral models, while in the AdS_2 x S^2 case the role of the Fateev model is played by the 2d "sausage" model. The kappa = i limits are again directly related to the Pohlmeyer reductions of the corresponding AdS_n x S^n supercosets: (2,2) super sine-Gordon model and its complex sine-Gordon analog. We also discuss possible deformations of AdS_3 x S^3 with more than one parameter.
description: 31 pages; v2: 33 pages, comments on unitarity and finiteness added and misprints corrected; v3: minor changes
Der narratorische Diskurs und seine Potentiale für die mathematische Denkentwicklung
Creators: name: Schütte, Marcus
name: Jung, Judith
name: Krummheuer, Götz
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Didaktik der Mathematik
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Argumentieren
subject: mathematische Denkentwicklung
subject: Interaktion
subject: Interpretative Unterrichtsforschung
subject: Rekonstruktion
subject: Argumentation
subject: Erklärung
subject: 510

description: Der Beitrag fußt auf der Idee, die Entwicklung mathematischen Denkens in der frühen Kindheit longitudinal zu beobachten und eine Theorie der mathematischen Denkentwicklung aus interaktionistischer Perspektive zu entwerfen. Hierzu wurden Sequenzen von Spiel- und Erkundungsumgebungen (SEU) aus dem Projekt erStMaL analysiert. Ausgangspunkt ist die theoretische Ausdifferenzierung des Mathematiklernens in zwei Aspekte: den Erwerb von Begriffen und Prozeduren im Sinne des Lernens von mathematischen Inhalten und die mathematische Denkentwicklung im Sinne des mathematisch Argumentierenlernens. Der Fokus des vorliegenden Beitrags liegt auf der mathematischen Denkentwicklung, welche aus interaktionistischer Perspektive als zunehmend autonomere Partizipation an mathematischen Diskursen beschrieben werden kann (Krummheuer & Brandt, 2001; Schütte et al., 2021). Mathematische Diskurse mit ihren spezifischen argumentativen Strukturierungen rücken so als „Ort“ der mathematischen Denkentwicklung ins Zentrum der Betrachtung. Im Vortrag werden drei empirisch rekonstruierte Diskursstile vorgestellt und ihr Lernpotential diskutiert.
Additional file 1 of Association between serum lactate levels and mortality in patients with cardiogenic shock receiving mechanical circulatory support: a multicenter retrospective cohort study
Creators: name: Scolari, Fernando Luís
name: Schneider, Daniel
name: Fogazzi, Débora Vacaro
name: Gus, Miguel
name: Marciane Maria Rover
name: Marcely Gimenes Bonatto
name: Araújo, Gustavo Neves De
name: Zimerman, André
name: Sganzerla, Daniel
name: Goldraich, Lívia Adams
name: Teixeira, Cassiano
name: Friedman, Gilberto
name: Carisi Anne Polanczyk
name: Rohde, Luis Eduardo
name: Rosa, Regis Goulart
name: Wainstein, Rodrigo Vugman
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary material.
ASSESSMENT OF SOIL ORGANIC MATTER MANAGEMENT IN POLISH AGRICULTURE
Creators: name: JERZY, KOPIŃSKI
name: AGATA, WITOROŻEC-PIECHNIK
name: JERZY, KOPIŃSKI
name: AGATA, WITOROŻEC-PIECHNIK
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: soil organic matter (SOM)
subject: reproduction, degradation
subject: structure of sown area
subject: animals stock

description: The subject of this study was the analysis of the soil organic matter (SOM) management in Polish agriculture in 2017-2019. The comparative analysis in spatial arrangement was carried out at the level of polish voivodeships. SOM balance was prepared in a simplified way, using it is degradation and reproduction coefficients proposed by Eich and Kundler. During 2017-2019, the balance of SOM was at level of 0.07 t DM/ha arable land (ArL). Positive balance of SOM was found in most voivodeships of Poland, and by far the highest in two voivodeships: Podlaskie and Warmińsko-Mazurskie, where manure and slurry resources were the largest. The negative SOM balance ranged from -0.02 t DM/ha ArL in Lubuskie to -0.14 t DM/ha ArL in Dolnośląskie, and the main reason for this was low natural fertilizer supply. In those voivodships the amount of ploughed-in plant material was insufficient to cover the losses of SOM caused by plant cultivation. The analysis of SOM management confirmed high polarisation between individual voivodships, together with the processes of extensification of production organisation (specialisation), with a simultaneous increase in it is intensity and scale of concentration.
Diffstar: A Fully Parametric Physical Model for Galaxy Assembly History
Creators: name: Alarcon, Alex
name: Hearin, Andrew P.
name: Becker, Matthew R.
name: Chaves-Montero, Jonás
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Diffstar, a smooth parametric model for the in-situ star formation history (SFH) of galaxies. Diffstar is distinct from conventional SFH models that are used to interpret the spectral energy distribution (SED) of an observed galaxy, because our model is parametrized directly in terms of basic features of galaxy formation physics. The Diffstar model assumes that star formation is fueled by the accretion of gas into the dark matter halo of the galaxy, and at the foundation of Diffstar is a parametric model for halo mass assembly, Diffmah. We include parametrized ingredients for the fraction of accreted gas that is eventually transformed into stars, $ε_{\rm ms},$ and for the timescale over which this transformation occurs, $τ_{\rm cons};$ some galaxies in Diffstar experience a quenching event at time $t_{\rm q},$ and may subsequently experience rejuvenated star formation. We fit the SFHs of galaxies predicted by the IllustrisTNG (TNG) and UniverseMachine (UM) simulations with the Diffstar parameterization, and show that our model is sufficiently flexible to describe the average stellar mass histories of galaxies in both simulations with an accuracy of $\sim0.1$ dex across most of cosmic time. We use Diffstar to compare TNG to UM in common physical terms, finding that: (i) star formation in UM is less efficient and burstier relative to TNG; (ii) galaxies in UM have longer gas consumption timescales, $τ_{\rm cons}$, relative to TNG; (iii) rejuvenated star formation is ubiquitous in UM, whereas quenched TNG galaxies rarely experience sustained rejuvenation; and (iv) in both simulations, the distributions of $ε_{\rm ms}$, $τ_{\rm cons}$, and $t_{\rm q}$ share a common characteristic dependence upon halo mass, and present significant correlations with halo assembly history. [Abridged]
description: 26 pages, 21 figures
Slow spin dynamics and quantum tunneling of magnetization in the dipolar antiferromagnet DyScO$_3$
Creators: name: Andriushin, N. D.
name: Nikitin, S. E.
name: Ehlers, G.
name: Podlesnyak, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comprehensive study of static and dynamic magnetic properties in the Ising-like dipolar antiferromagnet (AFM) DyScO$_3$\ by means of DC and AC magnetization measurements supported by classical Monte-Carlo calculations. Our AC-susceptibility data show that the magnetic dynamics exhibit a clear crossover from an Arrhenius-like regime to quantum tunneling of magnetization (QTM) at $T^* = 10$ K. Below $T_{\mathrm{N}} = 3.2$ K DyScO$_3$ orders in an antiferromagnetic $GxAy$-type magnetic structure and the magnetization dynamics slow down to the minute timescale. The low-temperature magnetization curves exhibit complex hysteretic behavior, which depends strongly on the magnetic field sweep rate. We demonstrate that the low-field anomalies on the magnetization curve are related to the metamagnetic transition, while the hysteresis at higher fields is induced by a strong magnetocaloric effect. Our theoretical calculations, which take into account dipolar interaction between Dy$^{3+}$ moments, reproduce essential features of the magnetic behavior of DyScO$_3$. We demonstrate that DyScO$_3$ represents a rare example of inorganic compound, which exhibits QTM at a single-ion level and magnetic order due to classical dipolar interaction.
Nonreciprocal electrical transport in multiferroic semiconductor (Ge,Mn)Te
Creators: name: Yoshimi, Ryutaro
name: Kawamura, Minoru
name: Yasuda, Kenji
name: Tsukazaki, Atsushi
name: Takahashi, Kei S.
name: Kawasaki, Masashi
name: Tokura, Yoshinori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the nonreciprocal electrical transport, that is a nonlinear resistance effect depending on the current direction, in multiferroic Rashba semiconductor (Ge,Mn)Te. Due to coexistence of ferromagnetic and ferroelectric orders, (Ge,Mn)Te provides a unique platform for exploring the nonreciprocal electrical transport in a bulk form. (Ge,Mn)Te thin films shows a large nonreciprocal resistance compared to GeTe, the nonmagnetic counterpart with the same crystal structure. The magnetic-field-angle dependence of the nonreciprocal resistance is maximized when magnetic field is orthogonal to both current and electric polarization, in accord with the symmetry argument. From the analysis of temperature and magnetic field dependence, we deduce that inelastic scatterings of electrons mediated by magnons dominantly contribute to the observed nonreciprocal response. Furthermore, the nonreciprocal resistance is significantly enhanced by lowering hole density. The Fermi level dependence is attributed to the deformation of the Rashba band in which the spin-momentum locked single Fermi surface appears by exchange field from the in-plane magnetization. The present study provides a key insight to the mechanisms of novel transport phenomena caused by the interplay of ferroelectric and ferromagnetic orders in a semiconductor.
Towards compact phase-matched and waveguided nonlinear optics in atomically layered semiconductors
Creators: name: Xu, Xinyi
name: Trovatello, Chiara
name: Mooshammer, Fabian
name: Shao, Yinming
name: Zhang, Shuai
name: Yao, Kaiyuan
name: Basov, Dmitri N.
name: Cerullo, Giulio
name: Schuck, P. James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlinear frequency conversion provides essential tools for light generation, photon entanglement, and manipulation. Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) possess huge nonlinear susceptibilities and 3R-stacked TMD crystals further combine broken inversion symmetry and aligned layering, representing ideal candidates to boost the nonlinear optical gain with minimal footprint. Here, we report on the efficient frequency conversion of 3R-MoS2, revealing the evolution of its exceptional second-order nonlinear processes along the ordinary (in-plane) and extraordinary (out-of-plane) directions. By measuring second harmonic generation (SHG) of 3R-MoS2 with various thickness - from monolayer (~0.65 nm) to bulk (~1 μm) - we present the first measurement of the in-plane SHG coherence length (~530 nm) at 1520 nm and achieve record nonlinear optical enhancement from a van der Waals material, >10^4 stronger than a monolayer. It is found that 3R-MoS2 slabs exhibit similar conversion efficiencies of lithium niobate, but within propagation lengths >100-fold shorter at telecom wavelengths. Furthermore, along the extraordinary axis, we achieve broadly tunable SHG from 3R-MoS2 in a waveguide geometry, revealing the coherence length in such structure for the first time. We characterize the full refractive index spectrum and quantify both birefringence components in anisotropic 3R-MoS2 crystals with near-field nano-imaging. Empowered with these data we assess the intrinsic limits of the conversion efficiency and nonlinear optical processes in 3R-MoS2 attainable in waveguide geometries. Our analysis highlights the potential of 3R-stacked TMDs for integrated photonics, providing critical parameters for designing highly efficient on-chip nonlinear optical devices including periodically poled structures, resonators, compact optical parametric oscillators and amplifiers, and optical quantum circuits.
Increasing Sedentary Time, Minimum Dietary Energy Requirements, and Food Security Assessment
Creators: name: Michels, Jacob
name: Zereyesus, Yacob
name: Beghin, John
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: food insecurity

description: We compute corrections for sedentary behavior in physical activity levels (PALs) and incorporate them along with corrections for over estimation of basal metabolic rates (BMRs) into threshold caloric intakes, known as Minimum Dietary Energy Requirements (MDERs). Using these modified MDERs, we compute new estimates of food insecure populations using USDA-ERS International Food Security Assessment (IFSA) model for the 83 countries covered by IFSA for 2023. We compute moderate upward biases in the FAO’s MDERs due to sedentarism of 3.52% or 57.49 kcal a day, leading to an average of 1720 caloric MDER, which translate to reductions in the estimate of food insecure population of 71.3 million in the 83 IFSA countries. With both BMR and PAL corrections, the MDER falls to 1638 kcal on average and the food insecure population estimate falls by 173.6 million. Relative to USDA-ERS’ 2100-calorie threshold estimating 1.056 billion food-insecure, the 1638 kcal per capita per day accounting for BMR and PAL corrections would result in 711.7 million reductions. Robustness checks using a lognormal distribution approach with FAO data confirm similar large responses of food insecure population estimates to the MDER corrections for the same countries. Beyond the correction for systematic upward bias, estimating more precise MDERs will lead to more precise food insecure estimates.
Τηλεργασία την περίοδο της πανδημίας : πως σχετίζεται με την επαγγελματική εξουθένωση και την εργασιομανία
Creators: name: Κουλάδη, Πηγή
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Τηλεργασία
subject: Εξουθένωση
subject: Εργασιακός εθισμός
subject: Εργασιομανία
subject: COVID-19

description: Η τηλεργασία είναι μια πρακτική που υιοθετείται όλο και περισσότερο από οργανισμούς σε όλο τον κόσμο και κυρίως λόγω της πανδημίας του Covid-19. Η επαγγελματική εξουθένωση είναι μια παρατεταμένη απάντηση σε χρόνιους συναισθηματικούς και διαπροσωπικούς στρεσογόνους παράγοντες στην εργασία. Ο όρος «εργασιομανία» χρησιμοποιείται ευρέως, αλλά υπάρχει ελάχιστη συναίνεση σχετικά με το νόημά του, πέρα από αυτό του βασικού του στοιχείου: μια ουσιαστική επένδυση στην εργασία. Σκοπός: Ο κύριος σκοπός της παρούσας έρευνας ήταν η διερεύνηση του ποια είναι η σχέση μεταξύ εργασιομανίας και επαγγελματικής εξουθένωσης στα άτομα τα οποία εργάζονται μέσω τηλεργασίας. Μεθοδολογία: Η συλλογή δεδομένων της έρευνας έγινε μέσω ερωτηματολογίου. Το ανώνυμο ερωτηματολόγιο δημιουργήθηκε μέσω Google Forms και ο σύνδεσμος στάλθηκε σε άτομα που είχαν εργαστεί με την μέθοδο της τηλεργασίας καθώς επίσης αναρτήθηκε σε κλειστή ομάδα τηλεργασίας σε μέσο κοινωνικής δικτύωσης (Facebook). Η έρευνα διεξήχθη τον Ιούνιο του 2021 και σαν αποτέλεσμα συγκεντρώθηκαν 6.585 απαντήσεις. Από αυτούς, οι 6.513 αποδέχτηκαν τον κανονισμό του GDPR και συνέχισαν στη συμπλήρωση του ερωτηματολογίου. Ο μέσος όρος συμπλήρωσης του ήταν 10 λεπτά. Αποτελέσματα: Τα αποτελέσματα της μελέτης δείχνουν ότι η τηλεργασία μπορεί να οδηγήσει σε επαγγελματική εξουθένωση, διότι οι εργαζόμενοι δεσμεύονται με την εργασία τους (χωρίς ωράριο ενδεχομένως) κάτι που εν καιρώ οδηγεί και στην εργασιομανία. Συνεπώς σε πολλές περιπτώσεις είναι άρρηκτα συνδεδεμένα. Με αυτόν τον τρόπο, οι εργαζόμενοι συνεχίζουν να αντιμετωπίζουν τις απαιτήσεις της εργασίας ακόμη και μετά τις ώρες εργασίας τους με αποτέλεσμα να εξαντλούνται.
Correlated metallic two-particle bound states in Wannier--Stark flatbands
Creators: name: Mallick, Arindam
name: Andreanov, Alexei
name: Flach, Sergej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tight-binding single-particle models on simple Bravais lattices in space dimension $d \geq 2$, when exposed to commensurate DC fields, result in the complete absence of transport due to the formation of Wannier--Stark flatbands [Phys. Rev. Res. $\textbf{3}$, 013174 (2021)]. The single-particle states localize in a factorial manner, i.e., faster than exponential. Here, we introduce interaction among two such particles that partially lifts the localization and results in metallic two-particle bound states that propagate in the directions perpendicular to the DC field. We demonstrate this effect using a square lattice with Hubbard interaction. We apply perturbation theory in the regime of interaction strength $(U)$ $\ll$ hopping strength $(t)$ $\ll$ field strength $(\mathcal{F})$, and obtain estimates for the group velocity of the bound states in the direction perpendicular to the field. The two-particle group velocity scales as $U {(t/\mathcal{F})}^ν$. We calculate the dependence of the exponent $ν$ on the DC field direction and on the dominant two-particle configurations related to the choices of unperturbed flatbands. Numerical simulations confirm our predictions from the perturbative analysis.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures. Comments are welcome
Faithful coherent states
Creators: name: Li, Jun
name: Chen, Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose the notion of faithful coherent states based on the fidelity-based coherence witness. The criterion for detecting faithful coherent states can be restricted to a subclass of fidelity-based criterion under unitary transformations for single and bipartite systems. We can realize these unitary transformations by using quantum gates and circuits, and establish the connection of faithful coherence states and coherence distillation, maximum relative entropy of coherence.
CHANGES IN THE AGRICULTURAL LAND MARKET IN POLAND AFTER 2004
Creators: name: BARBARA, KUTKOWSKA
name: BOŻENA, TAŃSKA-HUS
name: BARBARA, KUTKOWSKA
name: BOŻENA, TAŃSKA-HUS
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: agricultural property
subject: market
subject: prices
subject: market turnover
subject: non-market turnover

description: The purpose of the article is an attempt to answer the question about the impact of covering agricultural holdings by the CAP instruments as well as the legal and institutional control of agricultural property turnover on the agricultural land market in Poland after 2004. The analysis covers non-market turnover, sale of agricultural land in private trading and from the State Treasury Stock and prices of agricultural land. The source literature, legal regulations and figures from the database of the Ministry of Justice, publications issued by the Statistics Poland, market analyses of the Institute of Agricultural and Food Economics – National Research Institute in Warsaw and the report on the activities of the National Support Centre for Agriculture 2020 were used in the study as the source material. The method of horizontal and vertical comparative analysis was applied to develop the collected material, assessing the given phenomenon in the years and by voivodships. The agricultural land market, both in terms of the number and value of transactions and prices, showed a strong upward trend. These processes, apart from the macroeconomic situation, were influenced by Poland’s accession to the EU and the financial benefits resulting from participation in the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). Legal regulations referring to the agricultural land market were also an important component. This market is characterized by regional diversification.
Learning quantum graph states with product measurements
Creators: name: Ouyang, Yingkai
name: Tomamichel, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the problem of learning $N$ identical copies of an unknown $n$-qubit quantum graph state with product measurements. These graph states have corresponding graphs where every vertex has exactly $d$ neighboring vertices. Here, we detail an explicit algorithm that uses product measurements on multiple identical copies of such graph states to learn them. When $n \gg d$ and $N = O(d \log(1/ε) + d^2 \log n ),$ this algorithm correctly learns the graph state with probability at least $1- ε$. From channel coding theory, we find that for arbitrary joint measurements on graph states, any learning algorithm achieving this accuracy requires at least $Ω(\log (1/ε) + d \log n)$ copies when $d=o(\sqrt n)$. We also supply bounds on $N$ when every graph state encounters identical and independent depolarizing errors on each qubit.
description: accepted to IEEE ISIT
Mixed mode survey design and panel repetition - Findings from the German Mobility Panel
Creators: name: Eisenmann, C.
name: Chlond, B.
name: Minster, C.
name: Jödden, C.
name: Vortisch, P.
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2018
Subjects: Germany Mobility Panel
mixed-mode survey
panel repetition

description: The German Mobility Panel is a multi-day and multi-period panel survey, which has been collecting data on travel behavior in Germany since 1994. Declining survey participation rates in the last decade in various socio-demographic groups resulted in the implementation of a mixed-mode design for the German Mobility Panel, both in the sampling stage (landline and mobile phone recruitment) and in the data collection stage (paper and web). This study deals with two questions: does the new mixed-mode design affect a person’s willingness to continue participating in the consecutive survey waves? Is there a causal relation between data quality and completeness of survey repeaters and survey mode in the data collection stage? Our results show that survey mode and drop out propensity are not linked but web participants are more likely to switch their survey mode in the consecutive year. Overall, our study makes a case of how adaptations to the survey modes in a longitudinal panel survey on travel behavior affect the survey outcomes.
title: DS-PACK: Tool assembly for the end-to-end support of controlled access human data sharing
Creators: name: Pinar Alper
name: Vilem Ded
name: Sascha Herzinger
name: Valentin Groues
name: Sarah Peter
name: Jacek Jarosław Lebioda
name: Linda Ebermann
name: Marina Popleteeva
name: Nene Djenaba Barry
name: Danielle Welter
name: Soumyabrata Ghosh
name: Regina Becker
name: Reinhard Schneider
name: Wei Gu
name: Christophe Trefois
name: Venkata Pardhasaradhi Satagopam
Publisher: name: LCSB
Year: 2023

description: The EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) requirements have prompted a shift from centralised controlled access genome-phenome archives to federated models for sharing sensitive human data. In a data-sharing federation, a central node facilitates data discovery; meanwhile, distributed nodes are responsible for handling data access requests, concluding agreements with data users and providing secure access to the data. Research institutions that want to become part of such federations often lack the resources to set up the required controlled access processes. The DS-PACK tool assembly is a reusable, open-source middleware solution that semi-automates controlled access processes end-to-end, from data submission to access. Data protection principles are engraved into all components of the DS-PACK assembly. DS-PACK centralises access control management and distributes access control enforcement with support for data access via cloud-based applications. DS-PACK is in production use at the ELIXIR Luxembourg data hosting platform, combined with an operational model including legal facilitation and data stewardship.
Retrieving black hole information from the main Lorentzian saddle point
Creators: name: Germani, Cristiano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the most striking evidences of the information loss paradox is that, according to the Hawking's calculation, the correlation functions of a test scalar field exponentially decay in time. In this paper, I argue that a judicious use of the steepest descent expansion on the classical saddle point (the Black Hole background), is enough to change this early time decay into a late time growing, in agreement with information retrieval. I will explicitly show this in the Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity. There, the so-called "ramp" in the bulk tow-point function, is analytically obtained without the need of any other subdominant configurations of the gravity path integral.
description: v2: 6 pages, 4 figures, clarifications and better figures added. Results unchanged
Visuelle Aufmerksamkeit und Statistisches Denken beim Verteilungsvergleich: Eine Eye-Tracking Studie
Creators: name: Schreiter, Saskia
name: Vogel, Markus
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Didaktik der Mathematik
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Verteilungsvergleich
subject: Statistisches Denken
subject: Eye-Tracking
subject: Grundschule
subject: Sek I
subject: Digitalisierung & Mathematik
subject: Stochastik
subject: 510

description: Aufgaben, die einen Vergleich von Datenverteilungen beinhalten, stellen in der Schule eine motivierende Lerngelegenheit dar, um statistisches Denken anzubahnen bevor formale Verfahren der Inferenzstatistik bekannt sind (Konold & Higgins, 2003). Zahlreiche Forschungsarbeiten untersuchten, welche Vorstellungen Schüler*innen von Datenverteilungen haben und welche Merkmale von Verteilungen (z. B. Zentrum, Streuung, Form) sie anführen, um eine getroffene Entscheidung in Bezug auf den Verteilungsvergleich zu begründen (z. B. Bakker & Gravemeijer, 2004; Ben-Zvi, 2004). Wenig bekannt ist hingegen über zugrundeliegende Wahrnehmungs- und Aufmerksamkeitsprozesse, die stattgefunden haben, bevor eine Entscheidung zum Verteilungsvergleich getroffen wurde. Diese werden in der hier vorgestellten Studie adressiert und potenzielle Zusammenhänge zum statistischen Denken von Lernenden untersucht.
Quantum evolution of the Hawking state for black holes
Creators: name: Giddings, Steven B.
name: Perkins, Julie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a general description of the evolving quantum state of a Schwarzschild black hole, in the quantum field theory approximation. Such a time-dependent description is based on introducing a choice of time slices. We in particular consider slices that smoothly cross the horizon, and introduction of "stationary" such slices simplifies the analysis. This analysis goes beyond standard derivations of Hawking radiation that focus on asymptotic excitations, and in particular gives an evolving state that is regular at the horizon, with no explicit transplanckian dependence, and that can in principle be generalized to incorporate interacting fields. It is also expected to be useful in connecting to information-theoretic investigation of black hole evolution. The description of the evolving state depends on the choice of slices as well as coordinates on the slices and mode bases; these choices give different "pictures" analogous to that of Schrödinger. Evolution does have a simpler appearance in an energy eigenbasis, but such a basis is also singular at the horizon; evolution of regular modes has a more complicated appearance, whose properties may be inferred by comparing with the energy eigenbasis. In a regular description, Hawking quanta are produced in a black hole atmosphere, at scales comparable to the horizon size. This approach is also argued to extend to more general asymptotics, such as that of anti de Sitter space. In the latter context, this analysis provides a description of the hamiltonian and evolution of a black hole that may be compared to the large-$N$ dynamics of the proposed dual CFT.
description: 24 pages + refs. v2: updated refs
A Memory System of a Robot Cognitive Architecture and its Implementation in ArmarX
Creators: name: Peller-Konrad, Fabian
name: Kartmann, Rainer
name: Dreher, Christian R. G.
name: Meixner, Andre
name: Reister, Fabian
name: Grotz, Markus
name: Asfour, Tamim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cognitive agents such as humans and robots perceive their environment through an abundance of sensors producing streams of data that need to be processed to generate intelligent behavior. A key question of cognition-enabled and AI-driven robotics is how to organize and manage knowledge efficiently in a cognitive robot control architecture. We argue, that memory is a central active component of such architectures that mediates between semantic and sensorimotor representations, orchestrates the flow of data streams and events between different processes and provides the components of a cognitive architecture with data-driven services for the abstraction of semantics from sensorimotor data, the parametrization of symbolic plans for execution and prediction of action effects. Based on related work, and the experience gained in developing our ARMAR humanoid robot systems, we identified conceptual and technical requirements of a memory system as central component of cognitive robot control architecture that facilitate the realization of high-level cognitive abilities such as explaining, reasoning, prospection, simulation and augmentation. Conceptually, a memory should be active, support multi-modal data representations, associate knowledge, be introspective, and have an inherently episodic structure. Technically, the memory should support a distributed design, be access-efficient and capable of long-term data storage. We introduce the memory system for our cognitive robot control architecture and its implementation in the robot software framework ArmarX. We evaluate the efficiency of the memory system with respect to transfer speeds, compression, reproduction and prediction capabilities.
description: 35 pages, 19 figures, submitted to RAS
Single crystal growth and superconductivity in RbNi$_2$Se$_2$
Creators: name: Liu, Hui
name: Hu, Xunwu
name: Guo, Hanjie
name: Teng, Xiao-Kun
name: Bu, Huanpeng
name: Luo, Zhihui
name: Li, Lisi
name: Liu, Zengjia
name: Huo, Mengwu
name: Liang, Feixiang
name: Sun, Hualei
name: Shen, Bing
name: Dai, Pengcheng
name: Birgeneau, Robert J.
name: Yao, Dao-Xin
name: Yi, Ming
name: Wang, Meng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the synthesis and characterization of RbNi$_2$Se$_2$, an analog of the iron chalcogenide superconductor Rb$_x$Fe$_2$Se$_2$, via transport, angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy, and density functional theory calculations. A superconducting transition at $T_{c}$ = 1.20 K is identified. In normal state, RbNi$_2$Se$_2$ shows paramagnetic and Fermi liquid behaviors. A large Sommerfeld coefficient yields a heavy effective electron mass of $m^{*}\approx6m_{e}$. In the superconducting state, zero-field electronic specific-heat data $C_{es}$ can be described by a two-gap BCS model, indicating that RbNi$_2$Se$_2$ is a multi-gap superconductor. Our density functional theory calculations and angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements demonstrate that RbNi$_2$Se$_2$ exhibits relatively weak correlations and multi-band characteristics, consistent with the multi-gap superconductivity.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Tight analytic bound on the trade-off between device-independent randomness and nonlocality
Creators: name: Wooltorton, Lewis
name: Brown, Peter
name: Colbeck, Roger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two parties sharing entangled quantum systems can generate correlations that cannot be produced using only shared classical resources. These nonlocal correlations are a fundamental feature of quantum theory but also have practical applications. For instance, they can be used for device-independent (DI) random number generation, whose security is certified independently of the operations performed inside the devices. The amount of certifiable randomness that can be generated from some given non-local correlations is a key quantity of interest. Here we derive tight analytic bounds on the maximum certifiable randomness as a function of the nonlocality as expressed using the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt (CHSH) value. We show that for every CHSH value greater than the local value ($2$) and up to $3\sqrt{3}/2\approx2.598$ there exist quantum correlations with that CHSH value that certify a maximal two bits of global randomness. Beyond this CHSH value the maximum certifiable randomness drops. We give a second family of Bell inequalities for CHSH values above $3\sqrt{3}/2$, and show that they certify the maximum possible randomness for the given CHSH value. Our work hence provides an achievable upper bound on the amount of randomness that can be certified for any CHSH value. We illustrate the robustness of our results, and how they could be used to improve randomness generation rates in practice, using a Werner state noise model.
description: 4+16 pages, 2 figures v2: minor updates
Cotangent bundle reduction and Routh reduction for polysymplectic manifolds
Creators: name: Capriotti, Santiago
name: Díaz, Viviana Alejandra
name: Andrés, Eduardo García-Toraño
name: Mestdag, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We discuss Lagrangian and Hamiltonian field theories that are invariant under a symmetry group. We apply the polysymplectic reduction theorem for both types of field equations and we investigate aspects of the corresponding reconstruction process. We identify the polysymplectic structures that lie at the basis of cotangent bundle reduction and Routh reduction in this setting and we relate them by means of the Routhian function and its associated Legendre transformation. We end the paper with examples that illustrate the applicability of our results.
Additional file 2 of Extracellular vesicular Wnt7b mediates HPV E6-induced cervical cancer angiogenesis by activating the β-catenin signaling pathway
Creators: name: Qiu, Jun-Jun
name: Shu-Gen Sun
name: Tang, Xiao-Yan
name: Lin, Ying-Ying
name: Hua, Ke-Qin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary Table 1. Baseline characteristics of patients with cervical cancer. Supplementary Table 2. Primer sequences of the studied genes.
Design and Initial Performance of the Prototype for the BEACON Instrument for Detection of Ultrahigh Energy Particles
Creators: name: Southall, D.
name: Deaconu, C.
name: Decoene, V.
name: Oberla, E.
name: Zeolla, A.
name: Alvarez-Muñiz, J.
name: Cummings, A.
name: Curtis-Ginsberg, Z.
name: Hendrick, A.
name: Hughes, K.
name: Krebs, R.
name: Ludwig, A.
name: Mulrey, K.
name: Prohira, S.
name: Carvalho,, W. Rodrigues de
name: Rodriguez, A.
name: Romero-Wolf, A.
name: Schoorlemmer, H.
name: Vieregg, A. G.
name: Wissel, S. A.
name: Zas, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Beamforming Elevated Array for COsmic Neutrinos (BEACON) is a planned neutrino telescope designed to detect radio emission from upgoing air showers generated by ultrahigh energy tau neutrino interactions in the Earth. This detection mechanism provides a measurement of the tau flux of cosmic neutrinos. We have installed an 8-channel prototype instrument at high elevation at Barcroft Field Station, which has been running since 2018, and consists of 4 dual-polarized antennas sensitive between 30-80 MHz, whose signals are filtered, amplified, digitized, and saved to disk using a custom data acquisition system (DAQ). The BEACON prototype is at high elevation to maximize effective volume and uses a directional beamforming trigger to improve rejection of anthropogenic background noise at the trigger level. Here we discuss the design, construction, and calibration of the BEACON prototype instrument. We also discuss the radio frequency environment observed by the instrument, and categorize the types of events seen by the instrument, including a likely cosmic ray candidate event.
description: 21 pages, 20 figures
A time scale for electrical screening in pulsed gas discharges
Creators: name: Teunissen, Jannis
name: Sun, Anbang
name: Ebert, Ute
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Maxwell time is a typical time scale for the screening of an electric field in a medium with a given conductivity. We introduce a generalization of the Maxwell time that is valid for gas discharges: the \emph{ionization screening time}, that takes the growth of the conductivity due to impact ionization into account. We present an analytic estimate for this time scale, assuming a planar geometry, and evaluate its accuracy by comparing with numerical simulations in 1D and 3D. We investigate the minimum plasma density required to prevent the growth of streamers with local field enhancement, and we discuss the effects of photoionization and electron detachment on ionization screening. Our results can help to understand the development of pulsed discharges, for example nanosecond pulsed discharges at atmospheric pressure or halo discharges in the lower ionosphere.
Some pay much but many don’t: Vehicle TCO imputation in travel surveys
Creators: name: Eisenmann, C.
name: Kuhnimhof, T.
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2018
Subjects: car ownership
imputation
vehicle costs
cost of car ownership
German Mobility Panel
Income and Expenditure Survey

description: Costs of cars are among the most relevant factors influencing travel behavior. However, there is a lack of data about the true costs of car ownership and specifically on how these costs are distributed across different vehicles and across the population. This paper presents a multistage method for imputing car costs by cost item in a German national travel survey data set. Based on vehicle information reported by survey participants, we assign costs to each of the three thousand cars in the data set using the most comprehensive German vehicle cost data base. In addition to combining different data sets, we use model based imputation methods. In order to validate the average costs for private vehicles we analyze the German income and expenditure survey EVS. The average total cost of ownership for a private car in Germany is about 310 Euros per month. This translates to about 30 Eurocents per auto-km. About one third of the costs are fuel, another third is depreciation, and the rest are other mainly fixed costs (insurance, tax, repair and maintenance). However, the cost distribution is strongly skewed with a long tail to the right. Hence, the majority of motorists pay less than average for their private vehicles while few pay more and evidently some pay a lot more. This imputation approach delivers unprecedented vehicle cost information in particular with regard to the distribution of vehicle costs. Such data is key for understanding the fundamentals of mobility choices.
Authentizität mathematischer Modellierungsaufgaben in standardisierten Testsituationen
Creators: name: Schlüter, Dominik
name: Besser, Michael
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Didaktik der Mathematik
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Authentizität
subject: Realitätsbezug
subject: Modellierungsaufgaben
subject: Testaufgaben
subject: Sek I
subject: Modellieren
subject: interdisziplinär
subject: 510

description: Es besteht ein Konsens darüber, dass Modellierung und Realitätsbezüge im Mathematikunterricht eine wichtige Rolle spielen. In diesem Zusammenhang wird in der deutschen Mathematikdidaktik seit vielen Jahren die Forderung nach Authentizität in Mathematikaufgaben formuliert (siehe beginnend bei Kaiser-Meßmer, 1993, bis Greefrath, 2018). Dabei sind sowohl Begriff als auch das auf diesem bestehende Konstrukt regelmäßig Gegenstand von Diskussionen, beide werden oftmals nicht klar/ einheitlich definiert und unterschiedlich interpretiert. Einen bedeutsamen Einfluss auf den aktuellen Diskurs haben hier in den letzten Jahren die theoretischen Überlegungen von Vos (2011, 2018). Auf diesen aufbauend soll daher in der vorliegenden qualitativen Studie untersucht werden, inwieweit der von Vos formulierte Ansatz zur Analyse und Kategorisierung mathematischen Modellierungsaufgaben im Allgemeinen auch auf Modellierungsaufgaben in standardisierten Testsituationen übertragen werden kann und welche Konsequenzen sich hieraus für die Operationalisierung solcher Aufgaben ableiten lassen. Im Folgenden werden zunächst zentrale theoretische Ideen zur Authentizität (beim mathematischen Modellieren) skizziert und anschließend das Forschungsinteresse, Methode und erwartete Ergebnisse vorgestellt.
First-principles method justifying the Dieke diagram and beyond
Creators: name: Suzuki, Katsuhiro
name: Kotani, Takao
name: Sato, Kazunori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a method to determine the model Hamiltonians to treat rare-earth multiplets in solids from the results of the quasiparticle self-consistent \textit{GW} (QSGW) method. We apply the method to trivalent Eu compounds EuCl$_3$, EuN, and Eu-doped GaN after examining free rare-earth ions. We solve the model Hamiltonian by the exact diagonalization. Our results justify applying the Dieke diagram to ions in solid, while its limitation is clarified. In particular, we show that the crystal fields cause sizable breaking of the Russell-Saunders coupling.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables
THE ROLE OF BIOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SUSTAINABLE BIOECONOMY – CASE OF POTATO AND ITS BENEFICIAL MICROORGANISMS INTERACTIONS
Creators: name: MARIUSZ, MACIEJCZAK
name: MARIUSZ, MACIEJCZAK
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: sustainable bioeconomy
subject: knowledge as production factor
subject: plant – microbiome interaction
subject: potato
subject: innovation diffusion

description: The primary objective of this paper was threefold. Firstly, the importance and impact of knowledge factors in the economy were reviewed. Secondly, the role of innovations in biological sciences was identified and the role of biological knowledge in the development of bioeconomy was assessed. Finally, the case of potato (Solanum tuberosum) and its beneficial microorganisms interactions, as an example of the knowledge-based innovations in agricultural production in Poland, was presented. Based on the systematic literature review high importance of knowledge factor, considered as the main resource, in the development of economic systems was identified. It is argued that knowledge is a specific resource, not subject to the same laws as the other production factors (land, labor, and capital). Unlike other resources, which are exhausted when used, knowledge can be shared and thrive through its use. From the inception of the bioeconomy concept the knowledge, a part of technology, and renewable biological resources was considered as primary driver. As bioeconomy is assuming the development of an economic system that is sustainable and climate-neutral, especially biological knowledge is crucial in its growth. The diffusion of biological knowledge-based innovations in agricultural production can be achieved by using beneficial microorganisms and their interactions with arable crops. Their interactions with potatoes show positive effects and the diffusion of such innovations in Poland is mostly conditioned by the experiences of farmers, which should be strengthened through network facilitation.