cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dynamical and bursty interactions in social networks
Creators: name: Stehle, Juliette
name: Barrat, Alain
name: Bianconi, Ginestra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a modeling framework for dynamical and bursty contact networks made of agents in social interaction. We consider agents' behavior at short time scales, in which the contact network is formed by disconnected cliques of different sizes. At each time a random agent can make a transition from being isolated to being part of a group, or vice-versa. Different distributions of contact times and inter-contact times between individuals are obtained by considering transition probabilities with memory effects, i.e. the transition probabilities for each agent depend both on its state (isolated or interacting) and on the time elapsed since the last change of state. The model lends itself to analytical and numerical investigations. The modeling framework can be easily extended, and paves the way for systematic investigations of dynamical processes occurring on rapidly evolving dynamical networks, such as the propagation of an information, or spreading of diseases.
Analysis of Aperture Evolution in a Rock Joint Using a Complex Network Approach
Creators: name: Owladeghaffari, Hamed
name: Sharifzadeh, Mostafa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, we develop a complex network approach on a rough fracture, where evolution of elementary aperture during translational shear is characterized. In this manner, based on some hidden metric spaces (similarity measurements) between apertures profiles, we make evolutionary network in two directions (in parallel and perpendicular to the shear direction) and on the measured apertures profiles. Evaluation of the emerged network shows the connectivity degree (distribution) of network, after a transition step; fall in to the stable states which are coincided with the Gaussian distribution. Based on this event and real observations of the complex network changes, a simple model has been proposed in which evolving (decaying) of network is accomplished using a preferential detachment of edges. This suggests that destroying of surfaces is accomplished in a manner that is followed as a combination of random and preferential selection of each element. Also, evolving of cluster coefficients and number of edges displays similar patterns as well as are appeared in shear stress, hydraulic conductivity and dilation changes, which can be engaged to estimate shear strength distribution of asperities. Distinguishing of the contact profiles (or their equivalent : percolating clusters) and their changes, despite the former case, disclosed new side of a network, namely growing networks, which shed light the details of changes within intra-topology of profiles. Keywords: Complex Network, Aperture Evolution, Rock Joint
Optoelectronic properties of a photosystem I - carbon nanotube hybrid system
Creators: name: Kaniber, Simone
name: Simmel, Friedrich
name: Holleitner, Alexander
name: Carmeli, Itai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The photoconductance properties of photosystem I (PSI) covalently bound to carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are measured. We demonstrate that the PSI forms active electronic junctions with the CNTs enabling control of the CNTs photoconductance by the PSI. In order to electrically contact the photoactive proteins, a cysteine mutant is generated at one end of the PSI by genetic engineering. The CNTs are covalently bound to this reactive group using carbodiimide chemistry. We detect an enhanced photoconductance signal of the hybrid material at photon wavelengths resonant to the absorption maxima of the PSI compared to nonresonant wavelengths. The measurements prove that it is feasible to integrate photosynthetic proteins into optoelectronic circuits at the nanoscale.
ERIGrid 2.0 Laboratory Network – Validation Infrastructure for Smart Grids and Energy Systems
Creators: name: Strasser, Thomas I.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Integrated Research Infrastructure
Approaches for Smart Energy Technologies
Free Laboratory Access
Presentation
European Union (EU)
H2020
Project
ERIGrid 2.0
GA 870620

description: Brief overview of the ERIGrid achievements and results, as well as the ERIGrid 2.0 access possibilities by coordinator Thomas Strasser
Vähihaigestumus Eesti eakate hulgas ajavahemikul 1980–2012
Creators: name: Jaal, Jana
name: Kase, Marju
name: Jõgi, Tõnu
name: Tammaru, Marika
name: Ojamaa, Kristiina
name: Mägi, Margit
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2015

description: Vähktõve esinemissageduse kasv on seotud rahvastiku vananemisega. Käesolev Eestit hõlmanud uuring näitas, et ajavahemikul 1980–2012 on 70aastaste ja vanemate isikute vähki haigestumus olnud olulise kasvutrendiga ning see on 32 aasta jooksul peaaegu kahekordistunud (1044 juhult kuni 2057 juhuni 100 000 isiku kohta aastas). Eestis diagnoositakse ligikaudu pool (48%) kõikidest vähi esmasjuhtudest just eakate hulgas, kusjuures mehed haigestuvad sagedamini kui eakad naised. Tänapäeval võib eaka inimese eeldatav eluiga kesta veel väga pikka aega, seetõttu on äärmiselt oluline, et ka eakate puhul oleks vähiravi eesmärk haige täielik tervistumine ning võimalikult parem elukvaliteet inimesele allesjäänud eluaastate jooksul. Tervishoiupoliitiliselt on tähtis suurendada vähi sõeluuringute vanusepiiri ning anda võimalus ka Eesti eakatele vähi avastamiseks selle varajases staadiumis, parandades seeläbi vähiravi efektiivsust ja vähihaigete elulemust.Eesti Arst 2015; 94(10):583–587
description: Eesti Arst, November 2015
Spin Glasses on the Hypercube
Creators: name: Fernandez, L. A.
name: Martin-Mayor, V.
name: Parisi, G.
name: Seoane, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a mean field model for spin glasses with a natural notion of distance built in, namely, the Edwards-Anderson model on the diluted D-dimensional unit hypercube in the limit of large D. We show that finite D effects are strongly dependent on the connectivity, being much smaller for a fixed coordination number. We solve the non trivial problem of generating these lattices. Afterwards, we numerically study the nonequilibrium dynamics of the mean field spin glass. Our three main findings are: (i) the dynamics is ruled by an infinite number of time-sectors, (ii) the aging dynamics consists on the growth of coherent domains with a non vanishing surface-volume ratio, and (iii) the propagator in Fourier space follows the p^4 law. We study as well finite D effects in the nonequilibrium dynamics, finding that a naive finite size scaling ansatz works surprisingly well.
description: 14 pages, 22 figures
The tensor product of two abelian groups
Creators: name: Mitton, David
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The concept of a free group is discussed first in Chapter 1 and in Chapter 2 the tensor product of two groups for which we write A⊗B is defined by "factoring out" an appropriate subgroup of the free group on the Cartesian product of the two groups. The existence of a unique homomorphism h : A⊗B→H is assured by the existence of a bilinear map f : A×B→H , where H is any group (Lemma 2-2) and this property of the tensor product is used extensively throughout the thesis. In Chapter 3 the complete characterization is given for the tensor product of two arbitrary finitely generated groups. In the last chapter we discuss the structure of A⊗B for arbitrary groups. Essentially, the only complete characterizations are for those cases where one of the two groups is torsion. Many theorems from the theory of Abelian Groups are assumed but some considered interesting are proved herein.
Domain wall dynamics driven by a localized injection of a spin-polarized current
Creators: name: Finocchio, G.
name: Maugeri, N.
name: Torres, L.
name: Azzerboni, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper introduces an oscillator scheme based on the oscillations of magnetic domain walls due to spin-polarized currents, where the current is injected perpendicular to the sample plane in a localized part of a nanowire. Depending on the geometrical and physical characteristic of the system, we identify two different dynamical regimes (auto-oscillations) when an out-of-plane external field is applied. The first regime is characterized by nucleation of domain walls (DWs) below the current injection site and the propagation of those up to the end of the nanowire, we also found an oscillation frequency larger than 5GHz with a linear dependence on the applied current density. This simple system can be used as a tuneable steady-state domain wall oscillator. In the second dynamical regime, we observe the nucleation of two DWs which propagate back and forth in the nanowire with a sub-GHz oscillation frequency. The micromagnetic spectral mapping technique shows the spatial distribution of the output power is localized symmetrically in the nanowire. We suggest that this configuration can be used as micromagnetic transformer to decouple electrically two different circuits.
description: 4 pages 3 figures
Erki Laidmäe: ravimite koostoimete andmebaas tuleb järgmisel aastal
Creators: name: Filippov, Madis
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2015

description: Haigekassa ravikindlustushüvitiste osakonna juhataja kohusetäitja Erki Laidmäe sõnul ühendatakse ravimite koostoimete andmebaas digiretseptiga, kuid asutusi hakatakse sellega liidestama ükshaaval järgmise aasta algusest sõltuvalt nende IT-lahenduste valmisoleku astmest. Intervjueeris Med 24 toimetaja Madis Filippov.Eesti Arst 2015; 94(11):638–639
description: Eesti Arst, Detsember 2015
Controlling the hyperfine state of rovibronic ground-state polar molecules
Creators: name: Ospelkaus, S.
name: Ni, K. -K.
name: Quemener, G.
name: Neyenhuis, B.
name: Wang, D.
name: de Miranda, M. H. G.
name: Bohn, J. L.
name: Ye, J.
name: Jin, D. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultracold molecules offer entirely new possibilities for the control of quantum processes due to their rich internal structure. Recently, near quantum degenerate gases of molecules have been prepared in their rovibronic ground state. For future experiments, it is crucial to also control their hyperfine state. Here, we report the preparation of a rovibronic ground state molecular quantum gas in a single hyperfine state and in particular in the absolute lowest quantum state. The demonstrated and presented scheme is general for bialkali polar molecules and allows the preparation of molecules in a single hyperfine state or in an arbitrary coherent superposition of hyperfine states. The scheme relies on electric-dipole, two-photon microwave transitions through rotationally excited states and makes use of electric nuclear quadrupole interactions to transfer molecular population between different hyperfine states.
title: Uncanny Incisions
title: Plastic Surgery in the Gothic Mode
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Gibson, Rebecca
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis examines how the Gothic mode has been employed from the late 1800s to the present day in presenting subversive and complex visions of plastic surgery and its aftermath. In contrast to common polarised representations of plastic surgery in popular media, I argue that in selected texts ranging across fiction, film and television, characters are rendered strange by their surgery but that this strangeness can prove productive. The texts I discuss complicate preconceived assumptions of surgical monstrosity by characterising the mutilated and surgical body as alternately vulnerable and capable of unexpected forms of agency. While there has been a recent surge in scholarship surrounding medical Gothic, little has been written about plastic surgery, leaving a gap within both Gothic studies and the medical humanities that this thesis intends to fill. Plastic surgery is a divisive subject, often reduced in cultural conversation to either a quick fix solution or an exploitative focus on ‘botched’ procedures. This thesis pulls together Gothic representations of plastic surgery across a range of formats and genres which challenge these perceptions. Beginning with late Victorian texts that depict a fear of social unintelligibility stemming from the alteration of an individual’s face, I then track this thread through to late-twentieth and early twenty-first-century depictions of plastic surgery which offer new formulations of monstrosity and beauty. I posit that these Gothic depictions of plastic surgery centre the often-frightening isolation of the patient experience, exploring the fragmentation and reconstruction of identity through the slow and often discontinuous process of recovery. Gothic provides an outlet for these characters’ post-surgical vulnerability and/or isolation, allowing them a measure of freedom and individuality to define themselves in their new bodies – it gives them a different lens through which to view the world, however unnerving it might be.
Enclosure theorems for eigenvalues of elliptic operators
Creators: name: Clements, John Carson
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Enclosure theorems for the eigenvalues and representational formulae for the eigenfunctions of a linear, elliptic, second order partial differential operator will be established for specific domain perturbations to which the classical theory cannot be applied. In particular, the perturbation of n-dimensional Euclidean space E[superscript]n to an n-disk D[subscript]a of radius a is considered in Chapter I and the perturbation of the upper half-space H[superscript]n of E[superscript]n to the upper half of D[subscript]a, S[subscript]a, is discussed in Chapter II. In each case a general self-adjoint boundary condition is adjoined on the bounding surface of the perturbed domain.
Preparation and Characterization of -Fe2O3 polyhedral nanocrystals via annealing technique
Creators: name: Kumar, Rajesh
name: Gautam, S.
name: Hwang, In-Chul
name: Chae, K. H.
name: Thakur, Nagesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polyhedral nanocrystals of -Fe2O3 are successfully synthesized by annealing FeCl3 on silicon substrate at 1000 oC in the presence of H2 gas diluted with argon (Ar). Uniformly shaped polyhedral nanoparticles (diameter ~50-100 nm) are observed at 1000 oC and gases flow rate such as; Ar = 200 ml/min and H2 = 150 ml/min. Non-uniform shaped nanoparticles (diameter ~ 20-70 nm) are also observed at an annealing temperature of 950 oC with lower gases flow rate (Ar = 100 ml/min and H2 = 75 ml/min). Nanoparticles are characterized in detail by field-emission electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) techniques. HRTEM study shows well resolved (110) fringes corresponding to -Fe2O3, and selected area diffraction pattern (SADP) confirms the crystalline nature of -Fe2O3 polyhedral nanoparticles. It is observed that polyhedral formation of -Fe2O3 nano crystals depends upon annealing temperature and the surface morphology highly rely on the gas flow rate inside the reaction chamber.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures. Materials Letters, 63, xxx (2009) in Press
Artifical atoms in interacting graphene quantum dots
Creators: name: Häusler, Wolfgang
name: Egger, Reinhold
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the theory of few Coulomb-correlated electrons in a magnetic quantum dot formed in graphene. While the corresponding nonrelativistic (Schrödinger) problem is well understood, a naive generalization to graphene's "relativistic" (Dirac-Weyl) spectrum encounters divergencies and is ill-defined. We employ Sucher's projection formalism to overcome these problems. Exact diagonalization results for the two-electron quantum dot, i.e., the artificial helium atom in graphene, are presented.
description: 4+ pages, 2 figures
Toward reliability-aware physics-based FET compact models
Creators: name: Kaczer, Ben
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: reliability
FET
compact models

description: Outline Introduction Degradation mechanisms basics Bias Temperature Instability (BTI) and Compact Physical (Comphy) model for trapping Hot Carrier Degradation (HCD) Self-Heating (SH) Time-Dependent Dielectrics Breakdown (TDDB) Measuring degradation using on-chip circuits Approaches to reliability compact modeling Comphy > CM Comphy + HCD sEKV-based CM BSIM-based CM TCAD > CM Conclusions
Planetary eclipse mapping of CoRoT-2a. Evolution, differential rotation, and spot migration
Creators: name: Huber, K. F.
name: Czesla, S.
name: Wolter, U.
name: Schmitt, J. H. M. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The lightcurve of CoRoT-2 shows substantial rotational modulation and deformations of the planet's transit profiles caused by starspots. We consistently model the entire lightcurve, including both rotational modulation and transits, stretching over approximately 30 stellar rotations and 79 transits. The spot distribution and its evolution on the noneclipsed and eclipsed surface sections are presented and analyzed, making use of the high resolution achievable under the transit path. We measure the average surface brightness on the eclipsed section to be (5\pm1) % lower than on the noneclipsed section. Adopting a solar spot contrast, the spot coverage on the entire surface reaches up to 19 % and a maximum of almost 40 % on the eclipsed section. Features under the transit path, i.e. close to the equator, rotate with a period close to 4.55 days. Significantly higher rotation periods are found for features on the noneclipsed section indicating a differential rotation of $ΔΩ> 0.1$. Spotted and unspotted regions in both surface sections concentrate on preferred longitudes separated by roughly 180 deg.
description: Paper accepted by A&A 17/02/2010. For a better resolution paper please visit my homepage: http://www.hs.uni-hamburg.de/EN/Ins/Per/Huber/index.html
Fault Tolerance in Parity-State Linear Optical Quantum Computing
Creators: name: Hayes, A. J. F.
name: Haselgrove, H. L.
name: Gilchrist, Alexei
name: Ralph, T. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a combination of analytical and numerical techniques to calculate the noise threshold and resource requirements for a linear optical quantum computing scheme based on parity-state encoding. Parity-state encoding is used at the lowest level of code concatenation in order to efficiently correct errors arising from the inherent nondeterminism of two-qubit linear-optical gates. When combined with teleported error-correction (using either a Steane or Golay code) at higher levels of concatenation, the parity-state scheme is found to achieve a saving of approximately three orders of magnitude in resources when compared to a previous scheme, at a cost of a somewhat reduced noise threshold.
description: LaTeX, 10 pages, introduction updated for journal submission
Vortex Scattering and Intercommuting Cosmic Strings on a Noncommutative Spacetime
Creators: name: Joseph, Anosh
name: Trodden, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the scattering of noncommutative vortices, based on the noncommutative field theory developed in [Phys. Rev. D 75, 045009 (2007)], as a way to understand the interaction of cosmic strings. In the center-of-mass frame, the effects of noncommutativity vanish, and therefore the reconnection of cosmic strings occurs in an identical manner to the commutative case. However, when scattering occurs in a frame other than the center-of-mass frame, strings still reconnect but the well known 90-degree scattering no longer need correspond to the head on collision of the strings, due to the breakdown of Lorentz invariance in the underlying noncommutative field theory.
description: 18 pages, 2 figures
Slow relaxation of rapidly rotating black holes
Creators: name: Hod, Shahar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study analytically the relaxation phase of perturbed, rapidly rotating black holes. In particular, we derive a simple formula for the fundamental quasinormal resonances of near-extremal Kerr black holes. The formula is expressed in terms of the black-hole physical parameters: omega=m Omega-i2 pi T(n+1/2), where T and Omega are the temperature and angular velocity of the black hole, and m is the azimuthal harmonic index of a co-rotating equatorial mode. This formula implies that the relaxation period tau sim 1/Im(omega) of the black hole becomes extremely long as the extremal limit T to 0 is approached. The analytically derived formula is shown to agree with direct numerical computations of the black-hole resonances. We use our results to demonstrate analytically the fact that near-extremal Kerr black holes saturate the recently proposed universal relaxation bound.
description: 5 pages
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ КОЛИЧЕСТВА ОБЩЕГО БЕЛКА, АЛЬБУМИНА, ГЛОБУЛИНА, IgA, IgM И IgG В ПОЛИВАЛЕНТНЫХ СЫВОРОТКАХ, ПОЛОЖИТЕЛЬНЫХ НА ВОЗБУДИТЕЛЕЙ БРУЦЕЛЛЕЗА
Creators: name: Юсупов, Акмал
name: Таджиева, Нигора
name: Касимов, Одилжон
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Иммунные реакции, возникающие между антигенами и антителами, благодаря своей специфичности широко используются в медицинской практике.
Decomposition spaces of En
Creators: name: Hutchings, John Edward
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This paper is an introduction to the study of the problem: what decomposition spaces of Eⁿ are homeomorphic to Eⁿ? An introductory section on the elementary properties of decompositions and decomposition spaces is followed by characterizations of the decomposition spaces of E¹ and E² which are homeomorphic to E¹ and E² respectively. The characterization for E² follows Moore-Whyburn. We then give sufficient conditions for a decomposition space of Eⁿ to be Eⁿ, following Bing's recent work. No characterization is known for general Eⁿ . This paper reflects the status of the question as of, roughly, 1957. There has been essentially no progress since then.
Lindstrom theorems for fragments of first-order logic
Creators: name: van Benthem, Johan
name: Cate, Balder ten
name: Vaananen, Jouko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.4.1; F.4.3

description: Lindström theorems characterize logics in terms of model-theoretic conditions such as Compactness and the Löwenheim-Skolem property. Most existing characterizations of this kind concern extensions of first-order logic. But on the other hand, many logics relevant to computer science are fragments or extensions of fragments of first-order logic, e.g., k-variable logics and various modal logics. Finding Lindström theorems for these languages can be challenging, as most known techniques rely on coding arguments that seem to require the full expressive power of first-order logic. In this paper, we provide Lindström theorems for several fragments of first-order logic, including the k-variable fragments for k>2, Tarski's relation algebra, graded modal logic, and the binary guarded fragment. We use two different proof techniques. One is a modification of the original Lindström proof. The other involves the modal concepts of bisimulation, tree unraveling, and finite depth. Our results also imply semantic preservation theorems.
description: Appears in Logical Methods in Computer Science (LMCS)
The Linet-Tian solution with a positive cosmological constant in four and higher dimensions
Creators: name: Griffiths, J. B.
name: Podolsky, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The static, apparently cylindrically symmetric vacuum solution of Linet and Tian for the case of a positive cosmological constant $Λ$ is shown to have toroidal symmetry and, besides $Λ$, to include three arbitrary parameters. It possesses two curvature singularities, of which one can be removed by matching it across a toroidal surface to a corresponding region of the dust-filled Einstein static universe. In four dimensions, this clarifies the geometrical properties, the coordinate ranges and the meaning of the parameters in this solution. Some other properties and limiting cases of this space-time are described. Its generalisation to any higher number of dimensions is also explicitly given.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure. To appear in Phys. Rev. D
Absolute positions of 6.7-GHz methanol masers
Creators: name: Xu, Y.
name: Voronkov, M. A.
name: Pandian, J. D.
name: Li, J. J.
name: Sobolev, A. M.
name: Brunthaler, A.
name: Ritter, B.
name: Menten, K. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ATCA, MERLIN and VLA interferometers were used to measure the absolute positions of 35 6.7 GHz methanol masers to subarcsecond or higher accuracy. Our measurements represent essential preparatory data for Very Long Baseline Interferometry, which can provide accurate parallax and proper motion determinations of the star-forming regions harboring the masers. Our data also allow associations to be established with infrared sources at different wavelengths. Our findings support the view that the 6.7 GHz masers are associated with the earliest phases of high-mass star formation.
description: A&A accepted 29 pages, 6 figures, 5 tables
The Second Stellar Spectrum and the non-LTE Problem of the Second Kind
Creators: name: Bueno, J. Trujillo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents an overview of the radiative transfer problem of calculating the spectral line intensity and polarization that emerges from a (generally magnetized) astrophysical plasma composed of atoms and molecules whose excitation state is significantly influenced by radiative transitions produced by an anisotropic radiation field. The numerical solution of this non-LTE problem of the 2nd kind is facilitating the physical understanding of the second solar spectrum and the exploration of the complex magnetism of the extended solar atmosphere, but much more could be learned if high-sensitivity polarimeters were developed also for the present generation of night-time telescopes. Interestingly, I find that the population ratio between the levels of some resonance line transitions can be efficiently modulated by the inclination of a weak magnetic field when the anisotropy of the incident radiation is significant, something that could provide a new diagnostic tool in astrophysics.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures, invited review paper
375 aastat Tartu Ülikooli arstiteaduskonda
Creators: name: Asser, Toomas
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2007

description: Ülikooli asutamine 1632. aastal Tartus on oluline tähis kõrghariduse edenemisel Eestis ja kogu Euroopas. Ülikooli asutamine tähistab Eestis akadeemilise hariduse ning rahvusvaheliste teadus- ja õppetöö sidemete algust, mis on olnud määrava tähtsusega eesti haritlaskonna kujunemisele järgnevate aastasadade jooksul. Algusest peale on ülikoolis olnud arstiteaduskond.


Eesti Arst 2007; 86(9):607-609
description: Eesti Arst, September 2007
title: Narrating Motivation
title: A New Perspective on Arabic Volunteer Translators’ Motivations to Participate in Crowdsourced Translation Projects
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Alonayq, Abdulmohsen
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2021

description: Abstract Due to advancing technologies and Internet access, the use of crowdsourcing models and collaborative platforms has become popular in translation projects. This has led to an increase in participation by volunteer translators, and, in turn, to attention being drawn to these volunteers’ motivations (which drive them to expend effort without any expectation of monetary reward). Most studies of such motivations have used surveys and/or interviews. However, an exclusive reliance on surveys and/or interviews could lead to a failure to consider some underlying factors motivating volunteers’ decisions to perform unremunerated translation work. Therefore, this study has used, instead, a socio-narrative approach; exploring the common discursive narratives regarding translation in the Arabic linguistic context — to understand the influence of the presentation, in the public discourse, of Arabic translation on volunteering for this activity. Undergirded by Baker’s (2006) socio-narrative theory, a mixed-methods approach was implemented to answer the research questions raised in this study. The data examined included interviews, surveys, and case studies comprising textual materials published by four leading Arabic translation initiatives: Kalima, the Arab Organization for Translation, Taghreedat, and the Translation Challenge. Other smaller translation initiatives were the source of survey and interviews participants. These initiatives are Ollemna, Edrak, Autrjim and the Wikipedia Club at Princess Nourah University. In summary, the present study found that the Arabic discourse on translation relies on three motivating narratives: (1) the Golden Era of translation, (2) the bridge to knowledge, and (3) the dearth of Arabic online content. These findings highlight the differences between the motivations of Arabic-speaking volunteers and those of their European and North American counterparts. For example, religion, gender, and diglossia proved to be key motivating factors for the (Arabic) study participants. This study has demonstrated the need to go beyond the usually discussed intrinsic and extrinsic motives to include the influential narratives that affect volunteers and inform their actions.
Conformal Windows of SP(2N) and SO(N) Gauge Theories
Creators: name: Sannino, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the nonperturbative dynamics of nonsupersymmetric asymptotically free gauge theories with fermionic matter in distinct representations of the SO(N) and Sp(2N) gauge groups. We use different analytic methods to unveil the associated conformal windows for the relevant matter representations. We propose a direct test for confronting and establishing the validity of the analytic methods used to constrain the conformal windows. By comparing the resulting windows for SU, Sp and SO a pleasing universal picture emerges.
description: RevTeX, 31 pages, 8 figures
Additional file 2 of Highly-purified rapidly expanding clones, RECs, are superior for functional-mitochondrial transfer
Creators: name: Yang, Jiahao
name: Liu, Lu
name: Oda, Yasuaki
name: Wada, Keisuke
name: Ago, Mako
name: Matsuda, Shinichiro
name: Hattori, Miho
name: Goto, Tsukimi
name: Kawashima, Yuki
name: Matsuzaki, Yumi
name: Taketani, Takeshi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2. Figure S1: ND1, COX1, HVR2, CH1 original uncropped images. Figure S2: Repeat the experiment with the original uncropped images.
85 aastat Eesti Arsti
Creators: name: Kaasik, Ain-Elmar
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2007

description: Aastatel 1880–1890 lõpetas Tartu Ülikooli arstiteaduskonna vähemalt 14 eestlast, teiste seas Peeter Hellat (dr. med. 1888) ja Hendrik Koppel (dr. med. 1891). P. Hellat siirdus küll peatselt Peterburi, kuid koos H. Koppeliga said nad eesti arstide seltsi loomise mõtte algatajateks. 1903. a hakkas H. Koppeli toimetamisel Tartus ilmuma ajakiri Tervis, mille ümber koondus veel mitmeid eestlastest arste. Eesti arstide organiseerumine oli 20. sajandi alguskümnendil pidevalt päevakorral ka Tallinnas. Siiski saadi kubermanguvalitsuselt alles 1912. a jaatav vastus tingimusel, et seltsi nimes ei oleks sõna “Eesti”.


Eesti Arst 2007; 86(9):611-613
description: Eesti Arst, September 2007
Veresoonte uuringud kompuutertomograafia ja magnetresonantstomograafia abil
Creators: name: Leht, Meelis
name: Sõgel, Vello
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2007
Subjects: kompuutertomograafia, magnetresonantstomograafia, angiograafia, KTA, MRA, DSA

description: Eesti raviasutustes on viimastel aastatel kasutusele võetud mitmed uued mitteinvasiivsed veresoonte uurimise meetodid. Artiklis on antud ülevaade kompuutertomograafia ja magnetresonantstomograafia abil tehtavate veresoonte-uuringute näidustustest ning nende meetodite diagnostilisest usaldusväärsusest võrreldes digitaalse subtraktsioonangiograafiaga. Andmeid on illustreeritud TÜ Kliinikumi andmebaasidest pärinevate näidetega.


Eesti Arst 2007; 86(9):627-634
description: Eesti Arst, September 2007
title: Smart teachers as updatable software
title: A genealogical examination of teacher subjectivity in the era of technology
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Lee, Sejin
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2021
Subjects: digital technology
Foucault
education
teacher
discourse analysis
subjectivity
policy analysis
education reform
Korea

description: Teachers nowadays are expected to be fluent in using technology that would ‘work like magic’ in their classrooms. It would be very unwise for teachers to publicly criticise the value of digital technologies where the governments around the world put enormous efforts to innovate their education by implementing education technology reforms. In this context, this research elucidates the formation of a specific teacher subjectivity at this specific historical juncture to rethink what we are seeing as the smart teacher. As a research method, this study employs a ‘genealogy’ which enables to examine rules, norms, and knowledge of contemporary discourses about ‘SMART education’, an education technology initiative in South Korea. To identify what the target discourses produce, this paper uses ‘four-part Foucauldian framework’ to demonstrate the constructed teacher subject: 1) What aspects of teachers needed to change (substance), 2) For what reason should this change happen (mode), 3) What are teachers supposed to do to change themselves (the regimen), 4) What a model or perfect version of teacher might look like (telos). In order to appreciate each axis, I analyse public documents (e.g. national policies, research reports, news articles), and interview transcripts with the detailed analytical tools provided by Fairclough (2003). I argue that the ‘smart teacher’ is positioned as ‘updatable software’ which is to be thoroughly, constantly, ubiquitously and autonomously updatable. I discuss SMART education discourses is the complex of seemingly organised but coarse articulation of disparate discourses. Further, I contend that the identified teacher subjectivity might not be smart in so far as teachers are supposed to be ‘receptive’ in relation to external changes rather than teachers being proactive or critical. Ultimately, I recommend that we open up our discussions regarding different possibilities by re-imagining future versions of education and teachers.
HIV-nakkus Eestis – vajadused, võimalused, väljakutsed
Creators: name: Rüütel, Kristi
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2007
Subjects: HIV-nakkus, ennetamine, süstivad narkomaanid, kahjude vähendamine, tuberkuloos

description: Hoolimata edusammudest ennetamise vallas on HIV-nakkuse levimus Eestis suur ning uusi juhte lisandub iga päev. Võtmevaldkonnaks HIV-nakkuse leviku pidurdamisel on töö süstivate narkomaanide ning nende seksuaalpartneritega. Oluline on pöörata tähelepanu ka rahvastikuletervikuna, sest riskeeriv seksuaalkäitumine määrab suuresti, milliseks kujuneb HIV-nakkuse levik tulevikus.


Eesti Arst 2007; 86(8):503-505
description: Eesti Arst, August 2007
Downi sündroom – immuunsüsteemi häiretega kromosoomihaigus
Creators: name: Kisand, Kai
name: Reimand, Koit
name: Salur, Liina
name: Uibo, Oivi
name: Uibo, Raivo
name: Žordania, Riina
name: Reimand, Tiia
name: Talvik, Tiina
name: Metsküla, Kaja
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2007
Subjects: autoantikehad, autoimmuunhaigused, Downi sündroom, rakuline immuunsus

description: Downi sündroomi (DS) ehk 21. kromosoomi trisoomia korral esineb mitmesuguseid haigusnähte, millest osa on seotud immuunsüsteemi funktsiooni häiretega. Artiklis käsitletud uuringust ilmnes, et 15aastastel ja vanematel DS-haigetel esineb tuumavastaseid ning retikuliinivastaseid antikehi oluliselt sagedamini kui tervetel. Üksikutel haigetel leiti ka pankrease saarekeste, kilpnäärme ja mao parietaalrakkude vastaseid autoantikehi. Perifeerse vere rakkude hulgas oli DS-haigetel märkimisväärselt suurenenud mälufunktsiooni omavate CD45RO+ lümfotsüütide hulk, mis võib olla üheks autoimmuunnähtude sagedasema esinemise põhjuseks neil haigetel.


Eesti Arst 2007; 86(8):506-511
description: Eesti Arst, August 2007
The sdB+M Eclipsing System HW Virginis and its Circumbinary Planets
Creators: name: Lee, Jae Woo
name: Kim, Seung-Lee
name: Kim, Chun-Hwey
name: Koch, Robert H.
name: Lee, Chung-Uk
name: Kim, Ho-Il
name: Park, Jang-Ho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the very short-period sdB eclipsing binary HW Vir, we present new CCD photometry made from 2000 through 2008. In order to obtain consistency of the binary parameters, our new light curves were analyzed simultaneously with previously published radial-velocity data. The secondary star parameters of $M_2$=0.14 M$_\odot$, $R_2$=0.18 R$_\odot$, and $T_2$=3,084 K are consistent with those of an M6-7 main sequence star. More than 250 times of minimum light, including our 41 timings and spanning more than 24 yrs, were used for a period study. From a detailed analysis of the $O$--$C$ diagram, it emerged that the orbital period of HW Vir has varied as a combination of a downward-opening parabola and two sinusoidal variations, with cycle lengths of $P_3$=15.8 yr and $P_4$=9.1 yr and semi-amplitudes of $K_3$=77 s and $K_4$=23 s, respectively. The continuous period decrease with a rate of $-8.28\times10^{-9}$ d yr$^{-1}$ may be produced by angular momentum loss due to magnetic stellar wind braking but not by gravitational radiation. Of the possible causes of the cyclical components of the period change, apsidal motion and magnetic period modulation can be ruled out. The most reasonable explanation of both cyclical variations is a pair of light-travel-time effects driven by the presence of two substellar companions with projected masses of $M_3 \sin i_3$=19.2 M$\rm_{Jup}$ and $M_4 \sin i_4$=8.5 M$\rm_{Jup}$. The two objects are the first circumbinary planets known to have been formed in a protoplanetary disk as well the first ones discovered by using the eclipse-timing method. The detection implies that planets could be common around binary stars just as are planets around single stars and demonstrates that planetary systems formed in a circumbinary disk can survive over long time scales.
description: 26 pages, including 5 figures and 8 tables, accepted for publication in AJ
Thermodynamic Analysis of Snowball Earth Hysteresis Experiment: Efficiency, Entropy Production, and Irreversibility
Creators: name: Lucarini, Valerio
name: Fraedrich, Klaus
name: Lunkeit, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an extensive thermodynamic analysis of a hysteresis experiment performed on a simplified yet Earth-like climate model. We slowly vary the solar constant by 20% around the present value and detect a substantial bistability: for a large range of values the realization of snowball (SB) or of warm (W) climate conditions depend on the history of the system. Using recent results on the global climate thermodynamics, we show that that the two regimes feature radically different properties. The efficiency of the climate machine increases with decreasing solar constant in W climate conditions, whereas the opposite takes place in the SB regime. Instead, entropy production is increasing with the solar constant in both branches of climate conditions, and its value is about 4 times as large in the W branch than in the corresponding C state. Finally, the degree of irreversibility of the system is much higher in the W conditions, with an explosive growth in the upper range of the considered values of solar constants. Whereas in the SB regime a dominating role is played by changes in the meridional albedo contrast, in the W climate regime changes in the intensity of latent heat fluxes are crucial for determining the observed properties. This substantiates the importance of addressing correctly the variations of the hydrological cycle in a changing climate. An interpretation of the transitions at the boundary of the bistable region based upon macro-scale thermodynamic properties is also proposed. Our results support the adoption of a new generation of diagnostic tools based on the 2nd law of thermodynamics for auditing climate model and outline a set of parameterizations to be used in conceptual and intermediate complexity models or for the reconstruction of the past climate conditions.
description: 31 pages, 5 figures; improved version
1. tüüpi diabeedi uued ravimeetodid
Creators: name: Heilman, Kaire
name: Tillmann, Vallo
name: Einberg, Ülle
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2007
Subjects: inhaleeritav insuliin, insuliini-pumpravi, kõhunäärme transplantatsioon

description: Hea glükeemiline kontroll aitab ennetada suhkurtõve hilistüsistuste teket. Et parandada haiguse kompensatsiooni ja haigete elukvaliteeti, on kasutusele võetud uusi insuliini manustamise viise. Samuti on maailmas rakendatud kõhunäärme ja β-rakkude siirdamist. Inhaleeritav insuliin on näidanud sarnast efektiivsust süstitava lühitoimelise insuliiniga ja seda soovitatakse kasutada nõelakartusega patsientidel. Insuliini-pumpravi võimaldab võrreldes mitmesüsteraviga füsioloogilisemat insuliini manustamist ning langetada glükohemoglobiini taset. Kõhunäärme ja β-rakkude siirdamisi piirab seni aga eluaegse immunosupressiivse ravi vajalikkus ning doonormaterjali puudus.


Eesti Arst 2007; 86(8):513-516
description: Eesti Arst, August 2007
Rasedusest tingitud luude hõrenemine tervel
Creators: name: Maasalu, Katre
name: Tammemäe, Lee
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2007
Subjects: rasedus, rasedusega seotud muutused luudes

description: Raseduse ajal kujunenud muutused luukoes – luude tiheduse vähenemine – on pöörduva iseloomuga ja taanduvad hiljem täielikult. Artiklis on kirjeldatud 35aastase naise haigusjuhtu. Patsiendil tehti luutiheduse uuringud enne rasedust ning kahe kuu, ühe ja kahe aasta möödumisel sünnitusest. Vahetult pärast sünnitust registreeritud reieluu ja nimmelülide luutiheduse vähenemine paranes aasta möödudes täielikult. Tegemist oli terve naisega, kel rasedus ja sünnitus kulgesid normaalselt.


Eesti Arst 2007; 86(8):521-524
description: Eesti Arst, August 2007
Ternary q-Virasoro-Witt Hom-Nambu-Lie algebras
Creators: name: Ammar, F.
name: Makhlouf, A.
name: Silvestrov, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 17B68,16E40,17B37,16S80

description: In this paper we construct ternary $q$-Virasoro-Witt algebras which $q$-deform the ternary Virasoro-Witt algebras constructed by Curtright, Fairlie and Zachos using $su(1,1)$ enveloping algebra techniques. The ternary Virasoro-Witt algebras constructed by Curtright, Fairlie and Zachos depend on a parameter and are not Nambu-Lie algebras for all but finitely many values of this parameter. For the parameter values for which the ternary Virasoro-Witt algebras are Nambu-Lie, the corresponding ternary $q$-Virasoro-Witt algebras constructed in this article are also Hom-Nambu-Lie because they are obtained from the ternary Nambu-Lie algebras using the composition method. For other parameter values this composition method does not yield Hom-Nambu Lie algebra structure for $q$-Virasoro-Witt algebras. We show however, using a different construction, that the ternary Virasoro-Witt algebras of Curtright, Fairlie and Zachos, as well as the general ternary $q$-Virasoro-Witt algebras we construct, carry a structure of ternary Hom-Nambu-Lie algebra for all values of the involved parameters.
Krooniline paroksüsmaalne hemikraania: kirjanduse ülevaade ja 3 aasta 10 kuu vanuse tütarlapse edukas ravitulemus indometatsiiniga
Creators: name: Talvik, Inga
name: Koch, Kadri
name: Talvik, Tiina
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2007
Subjects: paroksüsmaalne peavalu, epilepsia, indometatsiin

description: Krooniline paroksüsmaalne hemikraania (KPH) on harva esinev,  trigeminaalsete autonoomsete pea -valude alajaotusse kuuluv ühe peapoole episoodiline valu koos autonoomse närvisüsteemi düsfunktsiooni nähtudega. Peavalu allub täielikult indometatsiinravile. Artiklis on kirjeldatud 3 aasta ja 10 kuu vanuse tütarlapse haigusjuhtu, kellel KPH diagnoositi 10 kuud pärast haiguse algust ning kellel indometatsiiniga taandusid peavalud täielikult.


Eesti Arst 2007; 86(8):517-520
description: Eesti Arst, August 2007
Three-level mixing and dark states in transport through quantum dots
Creators: name: Emary, Clive
name: Pöltl, Christina
name: Brandes, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider theoretically the transport through the double quantum dot structure of the recent experiment of C. Payette {\it et al.} [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 102}, 026808 (2009)] and calculate stationary current and shotnoise. Three-level mixing gives rise to a pronounced current suppression effect, the character of which charges markedly with bias direction. We discuss these results in connexion with the dark states of coherent population trapping in quantum dots.
description: 6 pages, 5 figs