cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Effect of morphology and support of copper nanoparticles on basic ovarian granulosa cell functions
Creators: name: Sirotkin, Alexander V.
name: Radosová, Monika
name: Tarko, Adam
name: Martín-García, Iris
name: Alonso, Francisco
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: The aim of this survey is to explore the possible effects of unsupported and supported copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) of different morphologies on basic ovarian cell functions. For this purpose, we have compared the activity of unsupported spherical, triangular, and hexagonal CuNPs, as well as of spherical CuNPs supported on titania, zeolite Y and activated charcoal (0, 1, 10, or 100 ng/mL) on cultured porcine ovarian granulosa cells. Cell viability, proliferation (accumulation of proliferating cell nuclear antigen, PCNA), apoptosis (accumulation of Bcl-2-associated X protein, bax) and release of steroid hormones progesterone, testosterone, and 17β-estradiol have been analyzed by the Trypan blue test, quantitative immunocytochemistry, and ELISA, respectively. Cell viability decreased after treatment with hexagonal CuNPs, whilst all the other CuNPs increased it. Unsupported spherical and hexagonal CuNPs, and spherical CuNPs/titania reduced PCNA accumulation; in contrast, an increase was noted for unsupported triangular CuNPs and CuNPs/zeolite Y. Bax accumulation was not affected by hexagonal CuNPs, whereas CuNPs/zeolite Y promoted it and all the other CuNPs depleted it. The release of all steroid hormones was inhibited by CuNPs/titanium dioxide and stimulated by CuNPs/charcoal, whilst CuNPs/zeolite Y promoted the testosterone and 17β-estradiol output, but not that of progesterone. These results demonstrate the direct, mainly stimulatory, impact of CuNPs on basic ovarian cell functions. The character of the CuNPs' action depends on their shape and support. Therefore, CuNPs with appropriate chemical modification could be potentially useful for the control of reproductive processes and treatment of reproductive disorders.
Identifying Fiscal Policy (In)effectiveness from the Differential Counter-Cyclicality of Government Spending in the Interwar Period
Creators: name: Martineau, Nicolas-Guillaume
name: Smith, Gregor W.
name: Martineau, Nicolas-Guillaume
name: Smith, Gregor W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Political Economy
subject: fiscal policy
subject: business-cycle history
subject: Great Depression
subject: interwar economy

description: Differences across decades in the counter-cyclical stance of fiscal policy can identify whether the growth in government spending affects output growth and so speeds recovery from a recession. We study government-spending reaction functions from the 1920s and 1930s for twenty countries. There are two main findings. First, surprisingly, government spending was less counter-cyclical in the 1930s than in the 1920s. Second, the growth of government spending did not have a significant effect on output growth, so that there is little evidence that this feature of fiscal policy played a stabilizing role in the interwar period.
Primed irrational beliefs of formerly depressed and never depressed individuals
Creators: name: Solomon, Ari
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) theory of depression proposes that recurrent major depressive episodes are mediated by persistent, trait-like irrationality about aversive life circumstances. However, recent research has found an excess of irrational beliefs in individuals with major depression only during--not between--major depressive episodes, suggesting that excess irrationality is a noncausal correlate of the episodes. Two explanations for the absence of interepisode irrational beliefs among recovered-depressed individuals could preserve the core of the REBT theory: First, perhaps excess irrationality among such individuals becomes latent between depressive episodes, and is reactivated only when or if circumstances again conflict with the individual's fundamental goals in life. Second, perhaps only individuals with a history of recurrent depressive episodes are characterized by trait-like irrationality; single-episode major depression may be more heterogeneous with regard to presence or absence of an underlying, trait-like vulnerability. These possibilities were tested by measuring the primed and unprimed irrational beliefs of 25 recovered-depressed (RD) individuals with a lifetime diagnosis of major depressive disorder (based on a DSM-IV structured clinical interview), and 25 never-depressed (ND) individuals. The RD and ND groups did not differ in mean irrationality at baseline; while imagining general negative events; or while imagining events that represented a thwarting of personal, fundamental goals. But consistent with latent trait-like irrationality, RD participants did exhibit a unique direct correlation between irrational beliefs and baseline negative mood. Furthermore, RD participants with a history of three or more major depressive episodes exhibited uniquely elevated irrational beliefs at baseline. Recommendations for future research include more intense, idiographic stimuli to simulate the thwarting of "fundamental goals"; measurement of primed irrational beliefs prior to initial mood episode; and exploration of alternative causal pathways for the observed association between history of repeated depressive episodes and irrational beliefs.
Light Energy Driven Nanocommunications with FRET in Photosynthetic Systems
Creators: name: Orzechowska, Aleksandra
name: Fiedor, Joanna
name: Kulakowski, Pawel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Chlorophylls and carotenoids, key components of photosynthetic systems, are proposed for molecular communications at the nanoscale with the mechanism of resonance energy transfer. Both types of pigments are introduced focusing on their exceptional properties like energy harvesting, ultra-low energy consumption during transmissions, picoseconds delays, an ability for signal conversions, and bio-compatibility. The theoretical considerations are supported by two spectroscopic experiments on the photosystem II complex. The first experiment aims at the description of the photosystem II including calculation of the energy transfer efficiency between carotenoids and chlorophylls. In the second one, the photochemical efficiency is estimated, showing how effective the chlorophylls are in further energy processing. With the experimentally determined values, communication and energetic performance are analyzed, the probability of channel blockage is calculated and the energy consumption per bit is estimated. Treating carotenoid molecules as transmitters, chlorophylls as receivers, and the energy transfer between them as a way to encode information, a throughput up to 1 Gbit/s is achievable with a bit error rate below 10^-3, average transmission delays about 20 ps, and energy consumption c.a. 2.0x10^-18 J/bit. These results indicate a high potential of photosynthetic systems for nanocommunications and other related applications, due to suitable energetic characteristics in terms of energy harvesting abilities and low consumption for data transmissions.
Involuntary compliance: Cultural aspects of the American income-tax transaction
Creators: name: Thomas, Abby
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This work examines Americans' understandings of money, looking through a particular window--income taxation. The problem I address is why, in a nation where cash and capital are so important, most people are poorly informed about and intimidated by the basic money matters on which their very livelihood depends. As a tax practitioner doing anthropology, I utilized a combination of qualitative anthropological techniques including participant observation, work with key informants, and followup interviews on particular topics with lay taxpayers. The principal findings include the following. Although our tax and money systems are complex, they derive from simple conceptual systems which could help people deal with complexity were the basics taught to them. They generally are not; simple, core concepts like profit are systematically omitted. What is taught to societal entrants are value-laden financial ideas based in metaphoric thinking. We act on understandings of money as a controllable solid chunk we can get our hands on (tax refunds), an imperceptibly dribbling liquid (tax withholding, escrow), a growing thing potted in an investment account, or countable (perhaps nontaxable) cash. We do this in the face of an increasingly complex monetary system based on different ideas of ownership than ours. Acting on these lay understandings leads more often to financial loss than gain, despite the assertions of many financial professionals that "it doesn't really matter" that laypeople understand money and taxation imperfectly. This essay concludes that these ways of lay thinking parallel the pronouncements and practices of employers, financial professionals, the financial media, and in general "proxy institutions"--the visible structures of social management and control in the United States--so closely that the benefits accruing to the institutions, and losses to individuals, are no accident. These understandings are ideological in at least two ways: as metaphors which sometimes conceal other, more accurate ways of viewing our money, and as playing into the hands of the powerful actors in U.S. society. Their push-pull effect cannot be localized within specific groups; our lay understandings of money derive from, and help constitute, a truly national financial culture.
Involuntary compliance: Cultural aspects of the American income-tax transaction
Creators: name: Thomas, Abby
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4401
subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: This work examines Americans' understandings of money, looking through a particular window--income taxation. The problem I address is why, in a nation where cash and capital are so important, most people are poorly informed about and intimidated by the basic money matters on which their very livelihood depends. As a tax practitioner doing anthropology, I utilized a combination of qualitative anthropological techniques including participant observation, work with key informants, and followup interviews on particular topics with lay taxpayers. The principal findings include the following. Although our tax and money systems are complex, they derive from simple conceptual systems which could help people deal with complexity were the basics taught to them. They generally are not; simple, core concepts like profit are systematically omitted. What is taught to societal entrants are value-laden financial ideas based in metaphoric thinking. We act on understandings of money as a controllable solid chunk we can get our hands on (tax refunds), an imperceptibly dribbling liquid (tax withholding, escrow), a growing thing potted in an investment account, or countable (perhaps nontaxable) cash. We do this in the face of an increasingly complex monetary system based on different ideas of ownership than ours. Acting on these lay understandings leads more often to financial loss than gain, despite the assertions of many financial professionals that "it doesn't really matter" that laypeople understand money and taxation imperfectly. This essay concludes that these ways of lay thinking parallel the pronouncements and practices of employers, financial professionals, the financial media, and in general "proxy institutions"--the visible structures of social management and control in the United States--so closely that the benefits accruing to the institutions, and losses to individuals, are no accident. These understandings are ideological in at least two ways: as metaphors which sometimes conceal other, more accurate ways of viewing our money, and as playing into the hands of the powerful actors in U.S. society. Their push-pull effect cannot be localized within specific groups; our lay understandings of money derive from, and help constitute, a truly national financial culture.
Magnetic Black Holes Are Also Unstable
Creators: name: Kim, Sang Pyo
name: Page, Don N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most black holes are known to be unstable to emitting Hawking radiation (in asymptotically flat spacetime). If the black holes are non-extreme, they have positive temperature and emit thermally. If they are extremal rotating black holes, they still spontaneously emit particles like gravitons and photons. If they are extremal electrically charged black holes, they are unstable to emitting electrons or positrons. The only exception would be extreme magnetically charged black holes if there do not exist any magnetic monopoles for them to emit. However, here we show that even in this case, vacuum polarization causes all magnetic black holes to be unstable to emitting smaller magnetic black holes.
description: RevTex4; Invited talk by Don N. Page at VI APCTP International Conference of Gravitation and Astrophysics (ICGA6); Seoul, Oct. 6-9, 2003
High-fidelity spatial mode transmission through a 1-km-long multimode fiber via vectorial time reversal
Creators: name: Zhou, Yiyu
name: Braverman, Boris
name: Fyffe, Alexander
name: Zhang, Runzhou
name: Zhao, Jiapeng
name: Willner, Alan E.
name: Shi, Zhimin
name: Boyd, Robert W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The large number of spatial modes supported by standard multimode fibers is a promising platform for boosting the channel capacity of quantum and classical communications by orders of magnitude. However, the practical use of long multimode fibers is severely hampered by modal crosstalk and polarization mixing. To overcome these challenges, we develop and experimentally demonstrate a vectorial time reversal technique, which is accomplished by digitally pre-shaping the wavefront and polarization of the forward-propagating signal beam to be the phase conjugate of an auxiliary, backward-propagating probe beam. Here, we report an average modal fidelity above 80% for 210 Laguerre-Gauss and Hermite-Gauss modes by using vectorial time reversal over an unstabilized 1-km-long fiber. We also propose a practical and scalable spatial-mode-multiplexed quantum communication protocol over long multimode fibers to illustrate potential applications that can be enabled by our technique.
description: Supplementary Information is included
Nuclear Isospin Diffusivity
Creators: name: Shi, L.
name: Danielewicz, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The isospin diffusion and other irreversible phenomena are discussed for a two-component nuclear Fermi system. The set of Boltzmann transport equations, such as employed for reactions, are linearized, for weak deviations of a system from uniformity, in order to arrive at nonreversible fluxes linear in the nonuniformities. Besides the diffusion driven by a concentration gradient, also the diffusion driven by temperature and pressure gradients is considered. Diffusivity, conductivity, heat conduction and shear viscosity coefficients are formally expressed in terms of the responses of distribution functions to the nonuniformities. The linearized Boltzmann-equation set is solved, under the approximation of constant form-factors in the distribution-function responses, to find concrete expressions for the transport coefficients in terms of weighted collision integrals. The coefficients are calculated numerically for nuclear matter, using experimental nucleon-nucleon cross sections. The isospin diffusivity is inversely proportional to the neutron-proton cross section and is also sensitive to the symmetry energy. At low temperatures in symmetric matter, the diffusivity is directly proportional to the symmetry energy.
description: 35 pages, 1 table, 5 figures, accepted by PRC, (v3) changes in response to the referee's comments, discussion for isospin diffusion process in heavy-ion reactions, fig. 5 shows results from a two different isospin depndent uclear equation of state, and a new reference added
Radial distribution function applied to renormalization group theory of fluids
Creators: name: Zhang, Sheng
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 51
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
classificationCode: 5102
subject: Atomic, molecular and optical physics
classificationCode: 5106
subject: Nuclear and plasma physics

description: Renormalization group calculation has been directly applied to fluid theory to evaluate the critical phenomena of gases by Dr. John White in the 1980s. Starting from the most basic intermolecular forces, this theory uses phase cell approximation to take into account the contribution of fluctuations to free energy, especially those fluctuations due to limited-range attractive forces. Since Radial Distribution Function (RDF) plays an important role in molecular interactions, especially when molecules are in close range, a more complete renormalization group theory requires the consideration of the effects of RDF. This dissertation will show what effects RDF has on the renormalization group theory and how it can be incorporated into the current theory to obtain better experimental results.
Shapes of stellar activity cycles
Creators: name: Willamo, T.
name: Hackman, T.
name: Lehtinen, J. J.
name: Käpylä, M. J.
name: Olspert, N.
name: Viviani, M.
name: Warnecke, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic activity cycles are an important phenomenon in both the Sun and other stars. The shape of the solar cycle is commonly characterised by a fast rise and a slower decline, but not much attention has been paid to the shape of cycles in other stars. Our aim is to study whether the asymmetric shape of the solar cycle is common in other stars as well, and compare the cycle asymmetry to other stellar parameters. We also study the differences in the shape of the solar cycle, depending on what activity indicator is used. The observations are also compared to simulated activity cycles. We use the chromospheric Ca II H&K data from the Mount Wilson Observatory HK Project. From this data set we identify 47 individual cycles from 18 stars. We use the statistical skewness of a cycle as a measure of its asymmetry, and compare this to other stellar parameters. A similar analysis has been done to magnetic cycles extracted from direct numerical magnetohydrodynamic simulations of solar-type convection zones. The shape of the solar cycle (fast rise and slower decline) is common in other stars as well, although the Sun has particularly asymmetric cycles. Cycle-to-cycle variations are large, but the average shape of a cycle is still fairly well represented by a sinusoid. We find only slight correlations between the cycle asymmetry and other stellar parameters. There are large differences in the shape of the solar cycle, depending on what activity indicator is used. In the simulated cycles, there is a difference in the symmetry of global simulations covering the full longitudinal range, hence capable of exciting non-axisymmetric dynamo modes, versus wedge simulations covering a partial extent in longitude, where only axisymmetric modes are possible. The former produce preferentially positive skewness, while the latter a negative one.
description: Accepted to A&A; 12 pages, 12 figures
Quantum point contact conductance in NINS junctions
Creators: name: Herrera, William J.
name: Niño, J. Virgilio
name: Giraldo, J. Jairo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of an insulating barrier located at a distance $a$ from a NS quantum point contact is analyzed in this work. The Bogoliubov de Gennes equations are solved for NINS junctions (S: anysotropic superconductor, I: insulator and N: normal metal), where the NIN region is a quantum wire. For $% a\neq0$, bound states and resonances in the differential conductance are predicted. These resonances depend on the symmetry of the pair potential, the strength of the insulating barrier and $a $. Our results show that in a NINS quantum point contact the number of resonances vary with the symmetry of the order parameter. This is to be contrasted with the results for the NINS junction, in which only the position of the resonances changes with the symmetry.
description: 5 pages, 5 Figures, RevTex4
Constraint and choice: China's long march to democracy
Creators: name: Hu, Shaohua
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: China established Asia's first republic in 1911, but still fell short of democracy at the end of the twentieth century. This study attempts to explain why China lacks democracy. The central theme is that the Chinese have wanted and needed a strong state to pursue power and wealth since the 1840 Opium War. At first, democracy was thought to facilitate a strong state, but what happened after the 1911 Revolution made the Chinese realize that democracy did not necessarily strengthen, but might weaken the state. To treat democracy not as an end, but as a means characterizes the Chinese attitude toward democracy, and this utilitarian mentality determines that democratization has always been put on the back burner. To support this theme, this study takes a genetic approach. It examines the impacts of historical legacies, local forces, the world system, socialist values, and economic development on the democratization process in pre-1911 era, the Republican one (1912-1927), the Nationalist one (1927-1949), the Maoist one (1949-1976), and the Dengist one (1978-1997), respectively. While the first three factors set constraint on the democratization process, the last two factors represent choices which do not emphasize democracy. All these five factors contribute to China's lack of democracy.
Constraint and choice: China's long march to democracy
Creators: name: Hu, Shaohua
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4408
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: China established Asia's first republic in 1911, but still fell short of democracy at the end of the twentieth century. This study attempts to explain why China lacks democracy. The central theme is that the Chinese have wanted and needed a strong state to pursue power and wealth since the 1840 Opium War. At first, democracy was thought to facilitate a strong state, but what happened after the 1911 Revolution made the Chinese realize that democracy did not necessarily strengthen, but might weaken the state. To treat democracy not as an end, but as a means characterizes the Chinese attitude toward democracy, and this utilitarian mentality determines that democratization has always been put on the back burner. To support this theme, this study takes a genetic approach. It examines the impacts of historical legacies, local forces, the world system, socialist values, and economic development on the democratization process in pre-1911 era, the Republican one (1912-1927), the Nationalist one (1927-1949), the Maoist one (1949-1976), and the Dengist one (1978-1997), respectively. While the first three factors set constraint on the democratization process, the last two factors represent choices which do not emphasize democracy. All these five factors contribute to China's lack of democracy.
Morphological Classification of Galaxies by Shapelet Decomposition in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
Creators: name: Kelly, Brandon C.
name: McKay, Timothy A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe application of the `shapelet' linear decomposition of galaxy images to morphological classification using images of $\sim$ 3000 galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. After decomposing the galaxies we perform a principal component analysis to reduce the number of dimensions of the shapelet space to nine. We find that each of these nine principal components contains unique morphological information, and give a description of each principal component's contribution to a galaxy's morphology. We find that galaxies of differing Hubble type separate cleanly in the shapelet space. We apply a Gaussian mixture model to the 9-dimensional space spanned by the principal components and use the results as a basis for classification. Using the mixture model, we separate galaxies into seven classes and give a description of each class's physical and morphological properties. We find that several of the mixture model classes correlate well with the traditional Hubble types both in their morphology and their physical parameters (e.g., color, velocity dispersions, etc.). In addition, we find an additional class of late-type morphology but with high velocity dispersions and very blue color; most of these galaxies exhibit post-starburst activity. This method provides an objective and quantitative alternative to traditional and subjective visual classification.
description: 21 pages, 16 figures, accepted by AJ, minor changes per the referee's comments
Repair of oxidative damage in DNA induced by photoactivated methylene blue in human lymphoblastoid whole cell extracts
Creators: name: Jaiswal, Meeta
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Oxidative damage on DNA is an incessant, inevitable result of cellular metabolic activity as well as environmental carcinogens. Oxidative damage produces many different lesions. A highly specific substrate containing mainly 8-hydroxyguanine lesion was generated and an in vitro DNA repair synthesis assay was developed using human lymphoblastoid whole cell extracts. Photoactivated methylene blue introduced 1.58 Formamidopyrimidine glycosylase sensitive sites into the plasmid. The damage specific repair incorporation of deoxycytidine monophosphate by normal whole cell extracts was 10 times more efficient per 8-Hydroxyguanine than per (6-4) photoproduct. The rapid rate of nicking by normal whole cell extracts implies that the lesion is recognized efficiently and that damage specific nicking was not the rate limiting step in the repair of 8-Hydroxyguanine. Based on the difference in rate and amount of nucleotide specific incorporation, more than one pathway was indicated for repair of this oxidative lesion. A model, proposing single base replacement and small patch (6 nucleotides) size repair was designed. The fraction of nucleotides processed by normal cell extracts through single base replacement is 0.38 and the fraction of nucleotides processed through the small patch repair was 0.62. Repair of 8-Hydroxyguanine by normal whole cell extracts occurred predominantly through small patch repair.
An Effective EMTR-Based High-Impedance Fault Location Method for Transmission Lines
Creators: name: An, Jianwei
name: Zhuang, Chijie
name: Rachidi, Farhad
name: Zeng, Rong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper summarizes the electromagnetic time reversal (EMTR) technique for fault location, and further numerically validates its effectiveness when the fault impedance is negligible. In addition, a specific EMTR model considering the fault impedance is derived, and the correctness of the model derivation is verified by various calculation methods. Based on this, we found that when the fault impedance is large, the existing EMTR methods might fail to accurately locate the fault. We propose an EMTR method that improves the location effect of high-impedance faults by injecting double-ended signals simultaneously. Theoretical calculations show that this method can achieve accurate location for high-impedance faults. To further illustrate the effectiveness, the proposed method is compared with the existing EMTR methods and the most commonly used traveling wave-based method using wavelet transform. The simulation results show that the proposed double-ended EMTR method can effectively locate high-impedance faults, and it is more robust against synchronization errors compared to the traveling wave method. In addition, the proposed method does not require the knowledge or the a priori guess of the unknown fault impedance.
Lepton Mixing Matrix Element U_{13} and New Assignments of Universal Texture for Quark and Lepton Mass Matrices
Creators: name: Matsuda, Koichi
name: Nishiura, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reanalyze the mass matrix model of quarks and leptons that gives a unified description of quark and lepton mass matrices with the same texture form. By investigating possible types of assignment for the texture components of the lepton mass matrix, we find that a different assignment for neutrinos than for charged leptons can also lead to consistent values of the MNSP lepton mixing matrix. We also find that the predicted value for the lepton mixing matrix element $U_{13}$ of the model depends on the assignment. A proper assignment will be discriminated by future experimental data for $U_{13}$.
description: 9 pages
Fair remuneration assessment in product social life-cycle assessment approaches
Creators: name: Tran, Quang Tien
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: living wage
fair remuneration
sustainability
social life-cycle assessment
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
BellagioSTAMP
Oiconomy Pricing
standard of living

description: INTRODUCTION. It is essential to pay workers a fair remuneration that enables them to support their families and have a socially acceptable standard of living. Fair remuneration has been included as a central issue in the social life-cycle assessment (S-LCA). This research has been done to gather more information on product S-LCA approaches on fair remuneration, including their comparisons and implications on applicability and validity. 

THEORY. The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) has placed emphasis on and provided a definition for ‘fair salary’ and ‘living wage’, in particular. A living wage is a wage that enables workers and their families to meet their needs for nutritious food, water, shelter, clothing, education, healthcare, and transport as well as providing for a discretionary income. To assess these needs, Maslow’s hierarchy of needs are used as reference. BellagioSTAMP provides a system score for the methods.

METHOD. Information of the methods are gathered, including basic information, components included for calculation, data manipulation factor, data sources. The methods are scored from 1-3 for each principle in BellagioSTAMP to provide a system score. Nine methods are reduced to four for comparative application analysis using sampling strategy to provide an in-depth assessment of the fair remuneration estimates of the four methods using the dataset from these four.

RESULTS. The results show that the methods differ in component choices, data manipulation factors and data sources. They have different system scores based on BellagioSTAMP. FairChain Living Income Reference Price (FC-LIRP) provides the highest estimate of fair remuneration, while Oiconomy Pricing provides the lowest estimate.

DISCUSSION. The difference in the estimates is explained by the differences in needs components included for calculation, reference family size and data sources. All methods follow the UNEP’s definition of ‘living wage’ and cover basic needs such as food, shelter, healthcare, education, and transportation. All methods lack public participation in the development phase. 

CONCLUSION. The differences in needs component choices and data sources affect the applicability and validity of the methods. Needs components are often specific to a location, limiting their geographical scope. The reliability and accessibility of data sources have implications on the validity of the methods. The locations to which the methods are applied to also limits their applicability on a global scale.
Oblique-Basis Calculations for $^{44}$Ti
Creators: name: Gueorguiev, V. G.
name: Draayer, J. P.
name: Ormand, W. E.
name: Johnson, C. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spectrum and wave functions of $^{44}$Ti are studied in oblique-basis calculations using spherical and SU(3) shell-model states. Although the results for $^{44}$Ti are not as good as those previously reported for $^{24}$Mg, due primarily to the strong spin-orbit interaction that generates significant splitting of the single-particle energies that breaks the SU(3) symmetry, a more careful quantitative analysis shows that the oblique-basis concept is still effective. In particular, a model space that includes a few SU(3) irreducible representations, namely, the leading irrep (12,0) and next to the leading irrep (10,1) including its spin S=0 and 1 states, plus spherical shell-model configurations (SSMC) that have at least two valence nucleons confined to the $f_{7/2}$ orbit -- the SM(2) states, provide results that are compatible with SSMC with at least one valence nucleon confined to the $f_{7/2}$ orbit -- the SM(3) states.
description: 3 pages, no figures, contribution to Computational and Group Theoretical Methods in Nuclear Physics, Playa del Carmen, Mexico, February 18-21, 2003
Repair of oxidative damage in DNA induced by photoactivated methylene blue in human lymphoblastoid whole cell extracts
Creators: name: Jaiswal, Meeta
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
classificationCode: 3101
subject: Biochemistry and cell biology
classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Oxidative damage on DNA is an incessant, inevitable result of cellular metabolic activity as well as environmental carcinogens. Oxidative damage produces many different lesions. A highly specific substrate containing mainly 8-hydroxyguanine lesion was generated and an in vitro DNA repair synthesis assay was developed using human lymphoblastoid whole cell extracts. Photoactivated methylene blue introduced 1.58 Formamidopyrimidine glycosylase sensitive sites into the plasmid. The damage specific repair incorporation of deoxycytidine monophosphate by normal whole cell extracts was 10 times more efficient per 8-Hydroxyguanine than per (6-4) photoproduct. The rapid rate of nicking by normal whole cell extracts implies that the lesion is recognized efficiently and that damage specific nicking was not the rate limiting step in the repair of 8-Hydroxyguanine. Based on the difference in rate and amount of nucleotide specific incorporation, more than one pathway was indicated for repair of this oxidative lesion. A model, proposing single base replacement and small patch (6 nucleotides) size repair was designed. The fraction of nucleotides processed by normal cell extracts through single base replacement is 0.38 and the fraction of nucleotides processed through the small patch repair was 0.62. Repair of 8-Hydroxyguanine by normal whole cell extracts occurred predominantly through small patch repair.
Kranenburg - Distinguishing drug isomers in the forensic laboratory - 2019
Creators: name: A.C. Van Asten
name: R.F. Kranenburg
name: P.J. Schoenmakers
name: C. Kukurin
name: H-G. Janssen
name: A.R. Garcia-Cicourel
Publisher: name: University of Amsterdam / Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences
Year: 2020
Subjects: Chemistry

description: RDM dossier of 2019 HIMS publication by Kranenburg et al entitled 'Distinguishing drug isomers in the forensic laboratory: GC–VUV in addition to GC–MS for orthogonal selectivity and the use of library match scores as a new source of information'Forensic Science International, 302 (2019) 109900 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.109900
Heavy-tailed Representations, Text Polarity Classification & Data Augmentation
Creators: name: Jalalzai, Hamid
name: Colombo, Pierre
name: Clavel, Chloé
name: Gaussier, Eric
name: Varni, Giovanna
name: Vignon, Emmanuel
name: Sabourin, Anne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The dominant approaches to text representation in natural language rely on learning embeddings on massive corpora which have convenient properties such as compositionality and distance preservation. In this paper, we develop a novel method to learn a heavy-tailed embedding with desirable regularity properties regarding the distributional tails, which allows to analyze the points far away from the distribution bulk using the framework of multivariate extreme value theory. In particular, a classifier dedicated to the tails of the proposed embedding is obtained which performance outperforms the baseline. This classifier exhibits a scale invariance property which we leverage by introducing a novel text generation method for label preserving dataset augmentation. Numerical experiments on synthetic and real text data demonstrate the relevance of the proposed framework and confirm that this method generates meaningful sentences with controllable attribute, e.g. positive or negative sentiment.
Haenkea TIPPMANN 1953
Creators: name: Mermudes, José Ricardo M.
name: Napp, Dilma Solange
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2000
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Haenkea

description: Key to the Species of Haenkea
 1. Prothorax uniformly black. Pronotum and sides of prothorax coarse and densely punctoreticulate (Fig. 2). Brazil (Bahia to Santa Catarina, Mato Grosso do Sul) ---------------------------------------------------------------------- H. atra (Chevrolat) Prothorax reddish orange, almost impunctate, at most transversely rugose. Pronotum often either with a black median vitta or with dark, subrounded spots ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2
 2(1). Pronotum with a large median black vitta, enlarged from middle to base; surface coarse and transversely rugose, especially on black vitta. Humeri and elytra at base, subglabrous. Metasternum sparsely clothed with short pubescence. (Fig. 3). Costa Rica, Panama´, Venezuela --------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- H. thoracica (Chevrolat) Pronotum either uniformly orangish or with dark subrounded spots; surface inconspicuously rugose. Elytra and mestasternum uniform and densely clothed with appressed pubescence, obscuring integument. (Fig. 1). Bolívia, Peru, Brazil (Amazonas, Para´) ----------- H. zischkai Tippmann
description: Published as part of Mermudes, José Ricardo M. & Napp, Dilma Solange, 2000, Review Of The Genus Haenkea Tippmann (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Cerambycinae, Cleomenini), pp. 511-519 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 54 (4) on page 513, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X(2000)054[0511:ROTGHT]2.0.CO;2, http://zenodo.org/record/4891355
Fluctuación de los niveles de glucosa en sangre, hígado y músculo de tilapia Oreochromis niloticus, tras la ingesta de alimentos.
Fluctuation of glucose levels in blood, liver and muscle of Oreochromis niloticus tilapia, after food intake.
Creators: name: Castillo Arauz, Yessica Sorayda
name: Domínguez Velásquez, Gabriela Elizabeth
name: Castillo Arauz, Yessica Sorayda
name: Domínguez Velásquez, Gabriela Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Glucose
subject: Food intake
subject: Oreochromis niloticus

description: The aim of this research was to determine the dynamics of blood glucose concentration, liver and muscle of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), after food intake. The MSc. Leonel Aguilar Fiallos donated the tilapias. The experiment was performed at the Quinta Yolanda fish farm owned by the MSc. Aguilar located in Comarca Los Ranchos, Department of León, Nicaragua, Km 83 Highway to Managua, Motel La Gloria 400 meters to the east, 400 meters to the south. The organisms were kept in a concrete tank of 25 m3 until reaching an average weight of 90 ± 10gr. Subsequently, the tilapias were moved randomly to experimental tanks of 120 liters. A battery of 4 tanks was placed (1 control and 3 treatments of 2, 4 and 6 hours each), N = 10. Prior to the experiment, the tilapia were anesthetized, blood samples were taken, they were sacrificed and liver and muscle samples were taken. Subsequently, the samples were transferred to the Animal Physiology Laboratory for analysis. The results show that: in blood, glucose levels increase significantly at three hours, at six hours increases with respect to the group of three hours and prevails until nine hours. In muscle, the increase was observed at six hours and remained until nine hours. In liver, no significant differences were observed throughout the study period.
description: Tutores MSc. Leonel Aguilar Fiallos. Dr. Ariel José Aguilar. Asesores Lic. Katherinne del Rosario Osorio Urtecho. MSc. Karen Palacios Sánchez.
Local tie surveys: Where we are and where we are going?
Creators: name: Eschelbach, Cornelia
name: Hippenstiel, Ryan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: GGOS
Local Tie
Reference Point Determination
Monitoring

description: Presentation of the Joint Working Group (1.2.2) "Metrology of space-geodetic infrastructure" on currrent develomepments for automation in local tie surveys at GGOS Days 2024
Massive Field Stars and the Stellar Clustering Law
Creators: name: Oey, M. S.
name: King, N. L.
name: Parker, J. Wm.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The distribution of N*, the number of OB stars per association or cluster, appears to follow a universal power-law form $N*^{-2}$ in the local Universe. We evaluate the distribution of N* in the Small Magellanic Cloud using recent broadband optical and space-ultraviolet data, with special attention to the lowest values of N*. We find that the power-law distribution in N* continues smoothly down to N*=1. This strongly suggests that the formation of field massive stars is a continuous process with those in associations, and that the field stars do not originate from a different star formation mode. Our results are consistent with the model that field massive stars represent the most massive members in groups of smaller stars, as expected if the clustering law applies to much lower masses as is expected from the stellar initial mass function (IMF). These results are consistent with the simultaneous existence of a universal IMF and a universal clustering law. Jointly, these laws imply that the fraction of field OB stars typically ranges from about 35% to 7% for most astrophysical situations, with an inverse logarithmic dependence on the most populous cluster, and hence, on galaxy size and/or star formation rate. There are important consequences for global feedback effects in galaxies: field stars should therefore contribute proportionately to the volume of the warm ionized medium, and equal relative contributions by superbubbles of all sizes to the interstellar porosity are expected.
description: Accepted by AJ. 13 pages, 9 figures in 11 files, uses emulateapj.sty
Pragati-RCPM_YSIA.pdf
Creators: name: Preetam B., A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 159999 Commerce, Management, Tourism and Services not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Traditional artworks from villages are getting obsolete. The craftsman from villages believes that their artistry is no longer in demand because they don’t get the money in return for the hardwork. On the contrary, people from urban areas have become accustomed to duplicate and more modern products usually made by cheap foreign labors. There is a need for connecting these two categories in a way that will have impact on both the ends.
Cerebral morphometry in monozygotic and dizygotic twins: A study of heritability
Creators: name: Luevano, Laura Frances
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: This study investigates whether there is a genetic component in cerebral development as measured by: (1) the degree of asymmetry between the frontal and occipital lobes; and (2) the complexity of gyral patterns, as measured by the gyrification index (GI). We measured frontal and occipital lobe volumes and the GI in 9 strongly right-handed normal dizygotic (DZ) twins pairs and 9 strongly right-handed normal monozygotic (MZ) twin pairs. Results confirmed normal asymmetry of lobe volume in both sets of twins, and GI measurements were comparable to those in previous studies. Within-twin comparisons of the relationship between frontal and occipital lobe volume showed a significant association for MZ, but not DZ, twin pairs, indicating strong heritability for this asymmetry. Within-twin comparisons of the GI showed a strong association for both MZ and DZ twins, indicating a strong environmental component in the development of gyral patterns.
Binding and Electronic Level Alignment of $\boldsymbolπ$-Conjugated Systems on Metals
Creators: name: Franco-Cañellas, Antoni
name: Duhm, Steffen
name: Gerlach, Alexander
name: Schreiber, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the binding and energy level alignment of $π$-conjugated systems on metals, a field which during the last two decades has seen tremendous progress both in terms of experimental characterization as well as in the depth of theoretical understanding. Precise measurements of vertical adsorption distances and the electronic structure together with \textit{ab-initio} calculations have shown that most of the molecular systems have to be considered as intermediate cases between weak physisorption and strong chemisorption. In this regime, the subtle interplay of different effects such as covalent bonding, charge transfer, electrostatic and van der Waals interactions yields a complex situation with different adsorption mechanisms. In order to establish a better understanding of the binding and the electronic level alignment of $π$-conjugated molecules on metals, we provide an up-to-date overview of the literature, explain the fundamental concepts as well as the experimental techniques and discuss typical case studies. Thereby, we relate the geometric with the electronic structure in a consistent picture and over the entire range from weak to strong coupling.
description: 50 pages, 28 figures, 2 tables peer-reviewed version, accepted by Reports on Progress in Physics