cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: The population genetics of Festuca rubra on park grass
Creators: name: Barnett, Oliver Edward
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2005

description: An explanation for the ubiquity of sexual reproduction remains elusive although it is commonly suggested that sex and recombination facilitate a more rapid response to environmental change than clonal reproduction. If this suggestion is true then one would expect the frequency of sexual reproduction within populations to increase with rate of environmental change. The study described here investigates the potential correlation between mode of reproduction and rate of environmental change in red fescue, Festuca rubra, a clonal/sexual species of perennial grass. Populations are identified that have experienced contrasting histories of change over the past 138 years, and within which the ratios of clonally to sexually derived individuals have been determined. From these ratios the selection pressures on mode of reproduction in each of the Festuca rubra populations investigated are inferred. The unexpected discovery that Festuca rubra is represented by two sub-species at the main study site has also prompted investigations into the factors governing their relative frequencies and distributions. Since the sub-species represent different cytotypes within the red fescue aggregate, this has allowed for inferences to be made relating to their observed coexistence and the apparent overcoming of minority cytotype exclusion by the subspecies found at lower frequencies.
The Energy Impact on Irrigated Agricultural Production of the Estancia Basin, New Mexico
Creators: name: Lansford, Robert R.
name: Sabol, George V.
name: Gollehon, Noel R.
name: Dillon Jr., John J.
name: Nelson, Dale C.
name: Creel, Bobby J.
name: Lansford, Robert R.
name: Sabol, George V.
name: Gollehon, Noel R.
name: Dillon Jr., John J.
name: Nelson, Dale C.
name: Creel, Bobby J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1980
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Production Economics
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: A linear programming model was utilized to simulate a 20 year (1979-1998) crop production and irrigation water utilization pattern in the Estancia Basin of New Mexico under four alternative energy price projections--base, low, medium and high. Under the simulation approximately 31,300 acres of land would be farmed in 1978, rising to 46,300 acres in 1998 with 94 percent of the total being flood irrigated and the balance irrigated with sprin­klers. Alfalfa accounted for 40 percent of the irrigated cropland, corn for silage 25 percent, corn for grain 11 percent, wheat 10 percent, pinto beans 7 percent, and potatoes 5 percent. However, under the high energy price alternative, irrigated cropped agriculture would cease after 1996. Net returns to land and risk varied widely among the four energy price projections ranging from an increase of 158 percent in the base alternative from 1978 to 1998 to a 90 percent reduction in net returns in the high energy price alternative through 1996 and a 100 percent reduction by 1998. The reduction in net returns from 1978 to 1998 for the low energy price alternative was about 11 percent and about 58 percent for the medium energy price alternative. The reduction in net returns was due primarily to the rapid escalation of diesel fuel prices. The diesel fuel cost for the high alter­native was expected to increase 469 percent, 375 percent for the medium alternative, and about 220 percent for the low alternative over present costs. The returns to risk, after imposing a charge for the use of irrigated cropland valued at $1,000 per acre, was a negative $37 per acre in the base year of 1978. The negative returns to risk became even greater under the low ($60) and medium ($80) energy price alternatives in 1998, and high ($96) in 1996. Under the base price alternative, the net return to risk was estimated at a negative $33 per acre. The amount of irrigation water pumped in the Estancia Basin would increase 2.4 percent per year over the 20 year period for the energy price alternatives. The total declines in the water tables were estimated to be 26.5 feet (1.3 feet per year). In addition, there were changes in energy sources for pumping irrigation water, irrigation pumping plant efficiencies and energy costs for pumping irrigation water among the alternative energy price projections. The annual labor requirements and cost increased in relation to the increase in acreage, as did the annual operating capital requirements.
Central banks and information provided to the private sector
Creators: name: Di Bartolomeo, Giovanni
name: Marchetti, Enrico
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Information
subject: D82, E52, E58

description: This paper examines the information provided to the private sector by central banks. By using the principal component analysis, we investigated the variance of the procedural rules followed by nine major central banks about informationtreatments. We investigate problems related to the information coming from the central banks by focusing on the quantity and quality perspectives and highlight the methodological complexity of the investigation. We find that a synthetic quantitative index of transparency is not enough to represent the phenomenon since it can result misleading in understanding the behavior of institutionally different central banks associated with the same index values. JEL Codes: D82, E52, E58
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 57, N. 230 (2004)
title: Marek Makowski and Piotr Wagner. Harbor, village and palace – a tangible vision
Creators: name: Lachauer, Ulla
name: Kern, Agata
Publisher: name: Herder-Institut
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 943 Geschichte Mitteleuropas; Deutschlands

description: Two passionate sailors, raised in Giżycko, not far from Sztynort. Marek Makowski (b.1984) and Piotr Wagner (b.1986) left at a young age, took advantage of the opportunities on offer in a united Europe and later returned to the world they grew up in. Marek, an entrepreneur and owner of a sailing school, and Piotr, a self-employed interpreter, tour guide and cultural professional, share a tangible vision for Sztynort.
Why is food cheaper in rich (European) countries?
Creators: name: Podkaminer, Leon
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Food, Prices
subject: L11, L66, Q11

description: Relative to non-food items, food tends to be cheaper in rich, as compared with poorEuropean countries. This tendency cannot be explained in terms of cost developments or foreign-trade considerations. A positive explanation proposed focuses on demand-income-supply interaction. An analysis of a cross-country price-augmented modification of Engel Law, econometrically specified, indicates that the relative price of food is related positively to the supply of food items and negatively to that of non-food items. This finding is consistent with "agricultural price scissors", and also casts a different light on the nature of economic development and structural change. JEL Codes: L11, L66, Q11
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 57, N. 230 (2004)
The reputation of a newborn central bank
Creators: name: Rotondi, Zeno
name: Vaciago, Giacomo
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: European Central Bank
subject: E52, E58, F36, E52, E58, F36

description: Most of the problems that the European Central Bank has encountered are due to the slow progress made in improving the quality of the monetary union. The increasing variance of the inflationary process among the 12 countries, especially at the extremes of income level distribution – between Germany and Portugal, say – has meant that the common monetary policy is not yet the best possible. The quest for an optimum currency area continues. JEL Codes: E52, E58, F36, E52, E58, F36
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 56, N. 224 (2003)
The Energy Impact on Irrigated Agricultural Production of the Southwestern Closed Basins, New Mexico
Creators: name: Lansford, Robert R.
name: Sabol, George V.
name: Gollehon, Noel R.
name: Dillon Jr. John, J.
name: Nelson, Dale C.
name: Creel, Bobby J.
name: Lansford, Robert R.
name: Sabol, George V.
name: Gollehon, Noel R.
name: Dillon Jr. John, J.
name: Nelson, Dale C.
name: Creel, Bobby J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1980
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Production Economics
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: A linear programming model was utilized to simulate a 20 year (1978-1998) crop production and irrigation water utilization pattern in the Southwestern Closed Basins of New Mexico under four alter­native energy price projections--base, low, medium and high. Under the simulation, approximately 75,700 acres of land would be farmed in 1978, remaining constant through 1998. Cotton accounted for 47 percent of the irrigated cropland, corn for grain 31 percent, grain sorghum 16 percent, and wheat 6 percent. However, under the high energy price alter­native, irrigated crop agriculture ceased in some areas in 1996 and in other areas in 1998. Net returns to land and risk varied widely among the four energy price projections ranging from an increase of one percent in the base alternative from 1978 to 1998 to a 62 percent reduction in net returns in the high energy price alternative through 1998. ·The reduction in net returns from 1978 to 1998 for the low energy price alternative was about 23 percent and about 40 percent for the medium energy price alternative. The reduction in net returns was due primarily to the rapid escalation of diesel fuel prices. The diesel fuel cost for the high alternative was expected to increase 269 per­cent, 185 percent for the medium alternative, and about 119 percent for the low alternative over present costs. The returns to risk, after imposing a charge for the use of irrigated cropland valued at $800 per acre, was $70 per acre in the base year of 1978. The returns to risk declined under the low ($49) and medium ($23) energy price alternatives in 1998. Under the high price alternative the net return to risk was estimated at a negative $10 per acre in 1998. The amount of irrigation water pumped in the Southwestern Closed Basins would remain constant over the 20 year period for the energy price alternatives, except 1996 and 1998 under the high alter­native when pumpage declined. The total declines in the water tables were estimated to be about 41 feet in the Mimbres-Uvas Basins, from 102 to 126 feet in the Columbus-Hermanas Area, about 34 feet in the Lordsburg-Animas Basins, and from 6 to 7 feet in the Playas Basin. In addition, there were changes in energy sources for pumping irrigation water, irrigation pumping plant efficiencies and energy costs for pumping irrigation water among the alternative energy prir.e projections. The annual labor requirements and cost as well as the annual operating capital requirements remained constant except under the high alternative when a decline occurred in relation to the decline in acreage.
Software exporting: a developing country advantage
Creators: name: Askari, Hossein
name: Chatterjee, Joydeep
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Developing Country, Software
subject: L86, O14, F14

description: Software exports have the potential to make a significant contribution to the economies of developing countries and to the global IT industry. Developing countries have demonstrated a comparative advantage in this export sector and the global IT industry can benefit from this developing country advantage. Today, IT is high investment, high risk, and high reward and has graduated from being a critical support function to a key partner, sometimes responsible for directing the strategy of an enterprise. Business and technology managers cannot afford to miss the opportunities provided by the comparative advantage of developing countries in the IT arena. JEL Codes: L86, O14, F14
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 56, N. 224 (2003)
General scaling laws of space charge effects in field emission
Creators: name: Kyritsakis, Andreas
name: Veske, Mihkel
name: Djurabekova, Flyura
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The characteristics of field electron and ion emission change when the space charge formed by the emitted charge is sufficient to suppress the extracting electric field. This phenomenon is well described for planar emitting diodes by the one dimensional (1D) theory. Here we generalize for any 3D geometry by deriving the scaling laws describing the field suppression in the weak space charge regime. We propose a novel corrected equivalent planar diode model, which describes the space charge effects for any geometry in terms of the 1D theory, utilizing a correction factor that adjusts the diode's scaling characteristics. We then develop a computational method, based on the Particle-In-Cell technique, which solves numerically the space charge problem. We validate our theory by comparing it to both our numerical calculations and existing experimental data, either of which can be used to obtain the geometrical correction factor of the corrected equivalent planar diode model.
Exact Relativistic Static Charged Perfect Fluid Disks
Creators: name: Vogt, D.
name: Letelier, P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the well-known ``displace, cut and reflect'' method used to generate disks from given solutions of Einstein field equations, we construct static charged disks made of perfect fluid based on the Reissner-Nordström solution in isotropic coordinates. We also derive a simple stability condition for charged and non charged perfect fluid disks. As expected, we find that the presence of charge increases the regions of instability of the disks.
description: "pages, RevTex. Phys. Rev. D (in press)
A reinforcement learning algorithm for operations planning of a hydroelectric power multireservoir system
Creators: name: Abdalla, Alaa Eatzaz
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The main objective of reservoir operations planning is to determine the optimum operation policies that maximize the expected value of the system resources over the planning horizon. This control problem is challenged with different sources of uncertainty that a reservoir system planner has to deal with. In the reservoir operations planning problem, there is a trade-off between the marginal value of water in storage and the electricity market price. The marginal value of water is uncertain too and is largely dependent on storage in the reservoir and storage in other reservoirs as well. The challenge here is how to deal with this large scale multireservoir problem under the encountered uncertainties. In this thesis, the use of a novel methodology to establish a good approximation of the optimal control of a large-scale hydroelectric power system applying Reinforcement Learning (RL) is presented. RL is an artificial intelligence method to machine learning that offers key advantages in handling problems that are too large to be solved by conventional dynamic programming methods. In this approach, a control agent progressively learns the optimal strategies that maximize rewards through interaction with a dynamic environment. This thesis introduces the main concepts and computational aspects of using RL for the multireservoir operations planning problem. A scenario generation-moment matching technique was adopted to generate a set of scenarios for the natural river inflows, electricity load, and market prices random variables. In this way, the statistical properties of the original distributions are preserved. The developed reinforcement learning reservoir optimization model (RLROM) was successfully applied to the BC Hydro main reservoirs on the Peace and Columbia Rivers. The model was used to: derive optimal control policies for this multireservoir system, to estimate the value of water in storage, and to establish the marginal value of water / energy. The RLROM outputs were compared to the classical method of optimizing reservoir operations, namely, stochastic dynamic programming (SDP), and the results for one and two reservoir systems were identical. The results suggests that the RL model is much more efficient at handling large scale reservoir operations problems and can give a very good approximate solution to this complex problem.
Additional file 1 of The combined effects of microglia activation and brain glucose hypometabolism in early-onset Alzheimer’s disease
Creators: name: Tondo, Giacomo
name: Iaccarino, Leonardo
name: Caminiti, Silvia Paola
name: Presotto, Luca
name: Santangelo, Roberto
name: Iannaccone, Sandro
name: Magnani, Giuseppe
name: Perani, Daniela
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Towards Off-Policy Reinforcement Learning for Ranking Policies with Human Feedback
Creators: name: Xiao, Teng
name: Wang, Suhang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Probabilistic learning to rank (LTR) has been the dominating approach for optimizing the ranking metric, but cannot maximize long-term rewards. Reinforcement learning models have been proposed to maximize user long-term rewards by formulating the recommendation as a sequential decision-making problem, but could only achieve inferior accuracy compared to LTR counterparts, primarily due to the lack of online interactions and the characteristics of ranking. In this paper, we propose a new off-policy value ranking (VR) algorithm that can simultaneously maximize user long-term rewards and optimize the ranking metric offline for improved sample efficiency in a unified Expectation-Maximization (EM) framework. We theoretically and empirically show that the EM process guides the leaned policy to enjoy the benefit of integration of the future reward and ranking metric, and learn without any online interactions. Extensive offline and online experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our methods.
Hybrid of DiffStride and Spectral Pooling in Convolutional Neural Networks
Creators: name: Rafif, Sulthan
name: Pratama, Mochamad Arfan Ravy Wahyu
name: Azhar, Mohammad Faris
name: Ibad, Ahmad Mustafidul
name: Muflikhah, Lailil
name: Yudistira, Novanto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Stride determines the distance between adjacent filter positions as the filter moves across the input. A fixed stride causes important information contained in the image can not be captured, so that important information is not classified. Therefore, in previous research, the DiffStride Method was applied, namely the Strided Convolution Method with which it can learn its own stride value. Severe Quantization and a constraining lower bound on preserved information are arises with Max Pooling Downsampling Method. Spectral Pooling reduce the constraint lower bound on preserved information by cutting off the representation in the frequency domain. In this research a CNN Model is proposed with the Downsampling Learnable Stride Technique performed by Backpropagation combined with the Spectral Pooling Technique. Diffstride and Spectral Pooling techniques are expected to maintain most of the information contained in the image. In this study, we compare the Hybrid Method, which is a combined implementation of Spectral Pooling and DiffStride against the Baseline Method, which is the DiffStride implementation on ResNet 18. The accuracy result of the DiffStride combination with Spectral Pooling improves over DiffStride which is baseline method by 0.0094. This shows that the Hybrid Method can maintain most of the information by cutting of the representation in the frequency domain and determine the stride of the learning result through Backpropagation.
title: Changes in joint laxity associated with the menstrual cycle, with pregnancy, with the post-partum period, and with the menopause
Creators: name: Sandler, Stephen Eric
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2006

description: This thesis looks at changes in joint laxity associated with the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and the menopause and the potential contribution of female hormones to that laxity. A pilot study revealed that there was a potential link between the phases of the menstrual cycle and the onset of musculo-skeletal injury. Following an extensive literature search studying the various hormones involved in the menstrual cycle, and their receptors in musculo-skeletal tissues, an interesting picture emerged that appeared to support the evidence evinced in the pilot study. This was particularly so with regard to papers that attempted to show a link between athletic injury and the phases of the menstrual cycle. Four experiments were designed using a Hyperextensometer capable of examining the range of movement in the first metacarpo-phalangeal joint of the subject's dominant hand. Women with a normal menstrual cycle, pregnant women, breast feeding women, and women after the menopause, were all examined to discover if their hormones had an effect on the mobility of the joint concerned. The results of the menstrual cycle study showed that every subject underwent , an increase in laxity as she progressed throughout the cycle, and that change was particularly significant in the first phase of the cycle. The pregnancy study showed that once again all subjects measured showed an increase in joint laxity as the pregnancy progressed, however this laxity change was neither , uniform throughout the pregnancy nor the same from one subject to another. The majority of subjects however experienced an increase in laxity in the middle months of their pregnancies. The study found that when comparing primaparous to multiparous subjects the primaparous group changed earlier. The post natal study looked at changes in laxity that took place in breast versus bottle feeding mothers. It failed to draw any significant conclusions from the data. Finally the menopause study showed that women who take a hormone replacement retain joint laxity more than a control group. The implications of these findings were discussed.
SI1.0.DOC
Creators: name: Meihua Hao
name: Xishi Liu
name: Sun-Wei Guo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111402 Obstetrics and Gynaecology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplemental Material of Sun-Wei Guo's manuscript to The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
Learning Bloch Simulations for MR Fingerprinting by Invertible Neural Networks
Creators: name: Balsiger, Fabian
name: Jungo, Alain
name: Scheidegger, Olivier
name: Marty, Benjamin
name: Reyes, Mauricio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF) enables fast and multiparametric MR imaging. Despite fast acquisition, the state-of-the-art reconstruction of MRF based on dictionary matching is slow and lacks scalability. To overcome these limitations, neural network (NN) approaches estimating MR parameters from fingerprints have been proposed recently. Here, we revisit NN-based MRF reconstruction to jointly learn the forward process from MR parameters to fingerprints and the backward process from fingerprints to MR parameters by leveraging invertible neural networks (INNs). As a proof-of-concept, we perform various experiments showing the benefit of learning the forward process, i.e., the Bloch simulations, for improved MR parameter estimation. The benefit especially accentuates when MR parameter estimation is difficult due to MR physical restrictions. Therefore, INNs might be a feasible alternative to the current solely backward-based NNs for MRF reconstruction.
description: Accepted at MICCAI MLMIR 2020
title: Antje Vollmer. „Doppelleben“ - auf den Spuren von Heinrich und Gottliebe von Lehndorff
Creators: name: Lachauer, Ulla
name: Kern, Agata
Publisher: name: Herder-Institut
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 943 Geschichte Mitteleuropas; Deutschlands

description: Bekannt als Politikerin der Grünen, langjährige Vizepräsidentin des Deutschen Bundestages. Nach ihrem Rückzug 2005 wurde sie freie Autorin, ihr erstes großes Buchprojekt: „Doppelleben“, die Geschichte von Heinrich von Lehndorff, einem der Verschwörer des 20. Juli 1944, und seiner Frau Gottliebe. Eine bewegende Biografie zweier junger Adeliger, die von ihrem Wagemut erzählt und ihrer Liebe.
Towards a sovereign bankruptcy procedure and greater restraint in IMF crisis lending. An interim assessmen
Creators: name: Giannini, Curzio
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Debt, IMF, Lending
subject: F32, F34, F33, O19

description: The paper reviews the area of the international financial architecture relating to sovereign crisis resolution. It is argued that shifting part of the burden of crisis resolution onto creditors may encourage debtor countries to take early action to counter an unsustainable debt path. Collective action clauses, the sovereign debt restructuring mechanism, and ceilings on IMF loans, are all necessary components of a new and better crisis resolution framework. JEL Codes: F32, F34, F33, O19
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 56, N. 225 (2003)
A NLTE line blanketed model of a solar type star
Creators: name: Short, C. I.
name: Hauschildt, P. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present LTE and NLTE atmospheric models of a star with solar parameters, and study the effect of treating many thousands of Iron group lines out of LTE on the computed atmospheric structure, overall absolute flux distribution, and the moderately high resolution spectrum in the visible and near UV bands. Our NLTE modeling includes the first two or three ionization stages of 20 chemical elements, up to and including much of the Fe-group, and includes about 20000 Fe I and II lines. We investigate separately the effects of treating the light metals and the Fe-group elements in NLTE. Our main conclusions are that 1) NLTE line blanketed models with direct multi-level NLTE for many actual transitions gives qualitatively similar results as the more approximate treatment of Anderson (1989) for both the Fe statistical equilibrium and the atmospheric temperature structure, 2) models with many Fe lines in NLTE have a temperature structure that agrees more closely with LTE semi-empirical models based on center-to-limb variation and a wide variety of spectra lines, whereas LTE models agree more with semi-empirical models based only on an LTE calculation of the Fe I excitation equilibrium, 3) the NLTE effects of Fe-group elements on the model structure and flux distribution are much more important than the NLTE effects of all the light metals combined, and serve to substantially increases the violet and near UV flux level as a result of NLTE Fe over-ionization. These results suggest that there may still be important UV opacity missing from the models.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Apparent Thermalization due to Plasma Instabilities in Quark-Gluon Plasma
Creators: name: Arnold, Peter
name: Lenaghan, Jonathan
name: Moore, Guy D.
name: Yaffe, Laurence G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hydrodynamical modeling of heavy ion collisions at RHIC suggests that the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) "thermalizes" in a remarkably short time scale, about 0.6 fm/c. We argue that this should be viewed as indicating fast isotropization, but not necessarily complete thermalization, of the non-equilibrium QGP. Non-Abelian plasma instabilities can drive local isotropization of an anisotropic QGP on a time scale which is faster than ordinary perturbative scattering processes. As a result, we argue that theoretical expectations based on weak coupling analysis are not necessarily in conflict with hydrodynamic modeling of the early part of RHIC collisions, provided one recognizes the key role of non-Abelian plasma instabilities.
description: 4 pages [updated to reflect final journal version: a paragraph of new discussion at the start of the "isotropization" section, plus assorted minor changes]
title: Antje Vollmer. “Double Life” – following the footsteps of Heinrich and Gottliebe von Lehndorff
Creators: name: Lachauer, Ulla
name: Kern, Agata
Publisher: name: Herder-Institut
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 943 Geschichte Mitteleuropas; Deutschlands

description: She is known as a Green Party politician and for her longstanding role as Vice President of the German Bundestag. After retiring in 2005, she became a freelance author. Her first book project “Doppelleben” (Double Life) tells the story of Heinrich von Lehndorff, one of the conspirators of the events of 20 July 1944 , and his wife Gottliebe. It is a moving biography of two young aristocrats that tells of their daring and their love.
Does the stock of money have any causal significance?
Creators: name: Arestis, Philip
name: Sawyer, Malcolm
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Macroeconomics, Monetary Policy, Monetary, Money, Policy
subject: E51, E52, E44

description: Recent developments in macroeconomics, and economic policy in general, have produced a "new consensus" economy-wide model, in which the stock of money does not play any causal role. The stock of money operates a mere residual in the economic process. The absence of the stock of money in many current debates over monetary policy has prompted the statement by the Governor of the Bank of England (during his time as the Deputy Governor) that it is ironic that as central banks became more and more concerned with price stability, less and less attention is paid to money. Indeed, the decline of interest in money appeared to have coincided with low inflation in a significant number of countries. This has prompted a number of contributions that, wittingly or perhaps unwittingly, have attempted to "reinstate" a more substantial role for money in this "new" macroeconomics. In this paper we wish to argue that these attempts to "reinstate" money in current macroeconomic thinking entails two important problems. The first is that they contradict an important theoretical property of the new "consensus" macroeconomic model, namely that of dichotomy between the monetary and the real sector. The second is that some of these attempts either fail in terms of their objective, or merely reintroduce the problem rather than solving it. We conclude that if money is to be given a causal role in the "new" consensus model, then a great deal of more substantial research would be necessary. JEL Codes: E51, E52, E44
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 56, N. 225 (2003)
A framework for managing information from heterogeneous, distributed, and autonomous sources in the architecture, engineering, construction, and facilities management domain
Creators: name: Kosovac, Branka
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This dissertation proposes a framework that allows different efforts aiming to enhance information management in the architecture, engineering, construction, and facilities management (AEC/FM) industries, to coexist and support each other by sharing resources, services, and outputs. The main motivation for this research was the lack of support for non-routine tasks and business agility in information systems serving the domain. An extensive analysis of Information needs and available solutions identified the domain heterogeneity and complexity as key challenges for successful information management and efficient communication between a wide range of human and machine participants as a missing link. Suggesting that such communication needs to involve all components of human-to-human communication: syntax, semantics, and pragmatics, the existing information-management resources and approaches were analyzed within the semiotic framework, in order to identify shared simple elements that can be used to relate them. The proposed framework identifies three basic types of assertions: senses, relationships, and information, and their two properties: category and scope, as a set of basic elements that can be used to relate all kinds of semantic resources as well as information-management approaches based on linguistics, information-retrieval theory and practice, document structure, and knowledge representation. The framework enables consistent management of different types of information at any level of granularity and correlation of assertions involving information, its subject- and context-domains. A pilot implementation demonstrated on a small scale how the proposed framework can be used in practice. The envisioned system consists of numerous and diverse components that share their content via Web services using the proposed framework and a set of shared resources that include registries and specialized services offering senses (i.e. terminology mapping and resolution) and relationships (i.e. conceptualizations). The research uses a combination of constructive and exploratory method. The basic framework was validated by the ability to express all types of semantic resources and the pilot implementation by the comparison to a set of predefined requirements. However, the real benefits of the proposed framework can be proven only when it is used in combination with a variety of existing, emerging, and future techniques in complex real-world environments, as intended.
A General Relativistic Model for the Gravitational Field of Active Galactic Nuclei Surrounded by a Disk
Creators: name: Vogt, D.
name: Letelier, P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An exact but simple general relativistic model for the gravitational field of active galactic nuclei is constructed, based on the superposition in Weyl coordinates of a black hole, a Chazy-Curzon disk and two rods, which represent matter jets. The influence of the rods on the matter properties of the disk and on its stability is examined. We find that in general they contribute to destabilize the disk. Also the oscillation frequencies for perturbed circular geodesics on the disk are computed, and some geodesic orbits for the superposed metric are numerically calculated.
description: 24 pages, LATEX. Phys. Rev. D (in press)
title: Measures from complexity science provide manufacturing companies with insights previously unavailable to them
Creators: name: Scott, Nicholas Andrew
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2005

description: "Operational effectiveness" is the means by which market leading value propositions are delivered to customers. The contribution of "operational effectiveness" in manufacturing to competitive strategy has been established. The "operational effectiveness" approach has been based on scientific reductionism, defining itself by list of "best practice" tools, techniques and philosophies. This thesis argues that this had led to loss of the "operational effectiveness" whole, causing variegated success in application of these tools. Complex systems SCience, with its origins in communications, control theory and non-linear dynamical systems, has provided previously unavailable insight into real-world systems. The applications to date in manufacturing have been in soft systems appearing either as metaphors or computationally difficult optimisation-type problems. This thesis argues that manufacturing companies are complex systems. As a result measures for complex behaviour and structure in these systems will yield fresh insight currently unavailable through the reductionist worldview of "operational effectiveness". This research proposes a new framework of agents that connects the "operational effective" and complex systems views, without the loss of system richness of the complexity worldview. This framework comprises interrelated sets of input/output Entities, produced through Activities carried out by Resources. Novel measures of flow efficacy and the structure of these set-based relationships are then obtained based on this common framework by the use of Entropy and QanalYSis respectively. A methodology for the creation of the framework, its measurement and validation is then proposed and tested. Three case studies have been carried out in the actual processes of a manufacturing company. The studies have been able to show a consistent benefit from the use of complexity-based measures over and above what would have been available from "operational effectiveness. Correlation and independence have been observed in the concurrent use of both complexity measures on the frameworks, demonstrating their independence and interdependence.
title: Hannah Wadle. Sozialanthropologin und Kulturaktivistin. Versuch, Steinort gemeinsam zu erzählen
Creators: name: Lachauer, Ulla
name: Kern, Agata
Publisher: name: Herder-Institut
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 943 Geschichte Mitteleuropas; Deutschlands

description: 2009 ließ sich Hannah Wadle in Sztynort nieder, um für ihre Doktorarbeit zu recherchieren – und blieb ein ganzes Jahr. Aus behutsamen Erkundungen wurde Vertrautheit, aus wissenschaftlichem Interesse Engagement für die Bewohner. Sie lernte, das Lehndorffsche Herrenhaus aus vielen Perspektiven zu sehen. 2017 hat sie ein Kulturfestival gegründet, seitdem erwacht das Schloss in jedem August zum Leben.
Data assessment and utilization for improving asset management of small and medium size water utilities
Creators: name: Wood, Andrew
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Data regarding water main breaks are essential for undertaking informed and effective infrastructure asset management. This thesis reports on the findings of a survey regarding water main break data collection practices across North America and develops an approach for constructing databases and integrating the data with break prediction models to improve the asset management practices of a utility. The survey determines the amount and type of data collected by water utilities, the level of comfort with the amount of data collected and the availability of alternate sources of data. The responses provide insight into the strategies and data collection practices of small to mid-size utilities and show that the amount of data collected by utilities can be classified by the degree of data richness and defined as either an expanded, intermediate, limited or minimal data set. Utilities can implement recommended practices to increase the amount of data they collect, increase effectiveness of data collection and processing and consider additional sources of data for wager main breaks to improve their data sets. The thesis also introduces an approach for constructing a water main break and general network database that relates data from multiple sources to augment the amount of data available for asset management analysis while maintaining existing data warehousing practices. When used, managers may gain insight into current and future performance of the distribution network and develop future asset management strategies. The approach is flexible, uses commonly available software tools and anticipates the evolution of data collection, verification and storage capabilities within the utility. Finally, a framework is presented that guides small to medium water utilities in identifying key data to be used in asset management and pipe break prediction modeling and in selecting appropriate water main break prediction models. The framework may be used to identify the magnitude of a utility's pipe burst problems today and in the future, enhance the development of pipe replacement priorities based on forecasted breaks and identify key data to collect in future data acquisition programs. Water utilities with varying amounts of data can easily implement it with their existing data management and analysis tools.
Quantum phase transitions in nonhermitian harmonic oscillator
Creators: name: Znojil, Miloslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Stone theorem requires that in a physical Hilbert space ${\cal H}$ the time-evolution of a stable quantum system is unitary if and only if the corresponding Hamiltonian $H$ is self-adjoint. Sometimes, a simpler picture of the evolution may be constructed in a manifestly unphysical Hilbert space ${\cal K}$ in which $H$ is nonhermitian but ${\cal PT}-$symmetric. In applications, unfortunately, one only rarely succeeds in circumventing the key technical obstacle which lies in the necessary reconstruction of the physical Hilbert space ${\cal H}$. For a ${\cal PT}-$symmetric version of the spiked harmonic oscillator we show that in the dynamical regime of the unavoided level crossings such a reconstruction of ${\cal H}$ becomes feasible and, moreover, obtainable by non-numerical means. The general form of such a reconstruction of ${\cal H}$ enables one to render every exceptional unavoided-crossing point tractable as a genuine, phenomenologically most appealing quantum-phase-transition instant.
description: 18 pp, 1 figure
On the ‘burden’ of German unification
Creators: name: Bibow, Jorg
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Macroeconomics, Monetary, Policy Making
subject: E62, E65, E52, E58, H61, O47

description: This paper investigates the causes of western Germany's remarkably poor performance since 1992. It challenges the view that Germany's poor economic record and marked deterioration in public finances since unification might be largely attributable to that event. Instead, the analysis highlights that Germany's approach to macroeconomic policymaking has starkly conflicted with economic theory and best practice. Not the unification "shock" itself, but the ill-guided fiscal and monetary policies pursued since 1991 caused the severe and protracted de-stabilization of western Germany--and today's ongoing crisis. JEL Codes: E62, E65, E52, E58, H61, O47
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 56, N. 225 (2003)
Prospects for the world economy
Creators: name: Sylos Labini, Paolo
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Debt, IMF, Lending
subject: D14, E66, H63

description: Analysis here is founded on certain analogies with the Great Depression of the Thirties and four fundamental points: innovations, changes in the market forms, changes in income distribution and the sustainability of debts. The duration of prosperity depends first of all on the importance and variety of investment opportunities opened up by them, whereas crisis duration is conditioned by the size of indebtedness. The central problem in America today is precisely that of the sustainability of debts, to evaluate which criteria are studied in this paper. Full recovery will only be possible once past the stage in which firms and families contract debts primarily to repay other debts falling due and avoid bankruptcy. Proof that debts have fully reacquired the function of supporting growth will be given by the recovery of investments. In any case, the crisis is unlikely to reach the gravity of the Great Depression not only because a price fall is to excluded, but also because repetition of the mistakes in monetary policy are to be ruled out. JEL Codes: D14, E66, H63
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 56, N. 226 (2003)
Spatio-temporal analysis for extreme temperature indices over the Levant region
Creators: name: Salameh, Ala A. M.
name: Gámiz-Fortis, Sonia R.
name: Castro-Díez, Yolanda
name: Hammad, Ahmad Abu
name: Esteban-Parra, María Jesús
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The temporal and spatial trends of 16 climate extreme indices based on daily maximum and minimum temperatures during the period 1987-2016 at 28 stations distributed across Israel and Palestine in the Levant region were annually and seasonally analysed. The Man-Kendall test and the Sen's slope estimator were employed for the trend analysis. Results showed that the region has significantly experienced a dominant warming trend for the last three decades, with more intense changes for minimum temperatures than for maximum. At annual scale, maximum values of minimum temperatures exhibited significant increasing trends up to 0.68°C/decade. Changes detected were more pronounced than those for the absolute extreme temperature indices, with 93 and 89% of stations significantly showed increasing trends in TX90p and TN90p, respectively. The duration and fixed threshold extreme indices confirmed the trend toward a warming, with the 86% of the stations exhibited significant increasing trends in the annual SU25 and TR20. Moreover, 57% of stations showed significant increasing trends in their SU30 index. At seasonal scale, the analysis of trends for extreme temperature indices showed intense and broad significant increasing trends in all absolute extreme temperature indices. In summer, more than 75% of total stations exhibited significant increasing trends for warm days and warm nights. In winter and spring, 71% of the total stations also showed significant increasing trends in SU25 index, whereas the percentage of stations reached 82% in summer and 64% in autumn for significant increasing trends in TR20 index. Finally, the influence of large-scale circulation patterns on temperature extremes was examined. The results highlighted the presence of significant correlations between most of the selected extreme temperature indices and the North Sea-Caspian pattern at annual and seasonal scales.
Analytical notes on the Balassa-Samuelson effect
Creators: name: Podkaminer, Leon
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Technical
subject: F11, F16, J24, O33

description: The oft invoked Balassa-Samuelson effect, whereby the movements of prices for non-tradable goods relative to those for tradable goods reflect the movements of relative labour productivities, is customarily derived from a standard neo-classical model with highly restrictive features. Minor modifications to the assumptions underlying the model negate the effect. In general, the effect does not necessarily obtain if technical change alters the elasticity parameters of the production functions. Moreover, the effect does not generally obtain (or cannot even be derived uniquely) in more general models that allow for non-constant returns to scale or intermediate inputs. JEL Codes: F11, F16, J24, O33
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 56, N. 226 (2003)
Intra-middle eastern trade: why is it so low?
Creators: name: Askari, Hossein
name: Atie, Rana
name: Khouri, Nicolas
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Exports, GDP, Trade
subject: F13, F14, O19

description: The Middle East has one of the highest ratios of exports to GDP in the world, yet intra-regional trade level is one of the lowest. Intra-Middle Eastern trade is examined in detail to assess the reasons for the low level of regional trade and to recommend policies for promoting trade within the area. JEL Codes: F13, F14, O19
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 56, N. 226 (2003)