cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Effective pointing of the ASTRI-Horn telescope using the Cherenkov camera with the Variance method
Creators: name: Iovenitti, Simone
name: Sironi, Giorgia
name: Segreto, Alberto
name: Catalano, Osvaldo
name: Mineo, Teresa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cherenkov telescope cameras are not suitable to perform astrometrical pointing calibration since they are not designed to produce images of the sky, but rather to detect nanosecond atmospheric flashes due to very high-energy cosmic radiation. Indeed, these instruments show only a moderate angular resolution (fractions of degrees) and are almost blind to the steady or slow-varying optical signal of starlight. For this reason, auxiliary optical instruments are typically adopted to calibrate the telescope pointing. However, secondary instruments are possible sources of systematic errors. Furthermore, the Cherenkov camera is the only one framing exactly the portion of the sky under study, and hence its exploitation for pointing calibration purposes would be desirable. In this contribution, we present a procedure to assess the pointing accuracy of the ASTRI-Horn telescope by means of its innovative Cherenkov camera. This instrument is endowed with a statistical method, the so-called Variance method, implemented in the logic board and able to provide images of the night sky background light as ancillary output. Taking into account the convolution between the optical point spread function and the pixel distribution, Variance images can be used to evaluate the position of stars with sub-pixel precision. In addition, the rotation of the field of view during observations can be exploited to verify the alignment of the Cherenkov camera with the optical axis of the telescope, with a precision of a few arcminutes, as upper limit. This information is essential to evaluate the effective pointing of the telescope, enhancing the scientific accuracy of the system.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, Proceedings of the 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2021), Berlin, Germany
Astro-photography as an effective tool for Outreach and Education: IACT in exposition
Creators: name: Iovenitti, Simone
name: Righi, Chiara
name: Orsenigo, Stefano
name: Sgarro, Riccardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In our epoch, images are a powerful way to convey a message to a large audience. Through the use of amazing astronomical photographs, science can be communicated effectively at different levels, to a very diverse audience of all ages. In fact, astrophotography combines aesthetic appeal with the illustration of the science behind astronomical phenomena. This is the aim of the exhibit "A che Punto è la NOTTE - A scientific exhibition of astrophotography" organized by us in Italy, in October 2020, with the partnership of the cultural association PhysicalPub. Many different authors, both single individuals and professional or amateur observatories, were asked to send their best pictures. The 54 astronomical images chosen by a scientific committee, categorised in three different topics (night landscape, deep sky, instrumentation), were seen by more than 2000 visitors and 11 school groups (despite the difficult period due to the COVID pandemic). A free audio-guide, available on-line through a web-application developed on purpose, delivered scientific explanations of images for self-guided tours. Conferences and guided tours were also organized. The highlight of the exhibit were four mirrors from the MAGIC telescope and an ASTRI scale-model that allowed an in-depth description of how an Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope (IACT) works, introducing the science of VHE cosmic radiation. We will summarize the main difficulties in organizing this event and the feedback we had from the visitors. The exhibit is still available online, visiting the website mostrascientifica.it or via the web audio-guide (english and italian) at guida.mostrascientifica.it.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, Proceedings of the 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2021), Berlin, Germany
Performance Analysis of Micro Unmanned Airborne Communication Relays for Cellular Networks
Creators: name: Guo, Weisi
name: Devine, Conor
name: Wang, Siyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper analyses the potential of utilising small unmanned-aerial-vehicles (SUAV) as wireless relays for assisting cellular network performance. Whilst high altitude wireless relays have been investigated over the past 2 decades, the new class of low cost SUAVs offers new possibilities for addressing local traffic imbalances and providing emergency coverage.We present field-test results from an SUAV test-bed in both urban and rural environments. The results show that trough-to-peak throughput improvements can be achieved for users in poor coverage zones. Furthermore, the paper reinforces the experimental study with large-scale network analysis using both stochastic geometry and multi-cell simulation results.
description: conference
A survey for variable young stars with small telescopes: VII -- Spot Properties on YSOs in IC5070
Creators: name: Herbert, Carys
name: Froebrich, Dirk
name: Scholz, Aleks
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present measurements of spot properties on 31 young stellar objects, based on multi-band data from the HOYS (Hunting Outbursting Young Stars) project. On average the analysis for each object is based on 270 data points during 80 days in at least 3 bands. All the young low-mass stars in our sample show periodic photometric variations. We determine spot temperatures and coverage by comparing the measured photometric amplitudes in optical bands with simulated amplitudes based on atmosphere models, including a complete error propagation. 21 objects in our sample feature cool spots, with spot temperatures 500 - 2500 K below the stellar effective temperature ($T_{\rm eff}$), and a coverage of 0.05 - 0.4. Six more have hot spots, with temperatures up to 3000 K above $T_{\rm eff}$ and coverage below 0.15. The remaining four stars have ambiguous solutions or are AA Tau-type contaminants. All of the stars with large spots (i.e. high coverage $>0.1$) are relatively cool with $T_{\rm eff} < 4500$ K, which could be a result of having deeper convection zones. Apart from that, spot properties show no significant trends with rotation period, infrared excess, or stellar properties. Most notably, we find hot spots in stars that do not show $K-W2$ infrared excess, indicating the possibility of accretion across an inner disk cavity or the presence of plage.
description: Accepted for publication by MNRAS. 13 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables
[Halle (Saale), Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Morbio 6 (51)]
Creators: name: Fondulo, Costanzo
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1421
Subjects: subject: Bischofsurkunde
subject: Notarsurkunde
subject: Urkunde
subject: 090

description: Costanzo Fondulo, Bischof von Cremona, bestätigt, von Johannes Besaria, Prior des Klosters St. Gabrielis extra muros Cremone, eine Abgabe erhalten zu haben.
A New Model of the Speed of Light Reflected from a Moving Mirror
Creators: name: Tadesse, Henok
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 510802
subject: Foundations of quantum mechanics

description: The classical emission (ballistic) theory of light predicted that the speed of light reflected from a moving mirror is c + 2v , where v is a component of the mirror velocity. In 1913, A. Michelson carried out an experiment to test this hypothesis and concluded that the speed of light reflected from a moving mirror is constant c independent of mirror velocity, to a high degree of precision. With the advent of Albert Einstein’s special relativity theory, and with additional experimental counter evidences such as moving source experiments, the classical emission theory was finally abandoned. Many years later, in 1967, an experiment was being carried out to test Einstein’s gravitational time dilation by bouncing radar pulses grazing the sun off the planet Venus. As disclosed by Bryan G Wallace, large ‘anomalous’ first order variations in the time delay data were found in the raw data, in complete disagreement with Einstein’s light postulate, but conforming to the long forgotten classical emission /ballistic theory. In this paper, I present a new model of the speed of light reflected from a moving mirror that resolves these contradictions. Although the model can make correct predictions, its physical meaning is inexplicable. Light behaves as if it is reflected from the point where the mirror is at the instant of emission, and the speed of the reflected light is the sum of the speed of light c and twice a component of the mirror velocity, i.e. c + 2v. Logically, one would have to take into account the motion of the mirror during the transit time of light to determine the point in space where light is reflected. This paper shows that this logical and conventional thinking is possibly wrong in the case of light.
Role of Gas6 receptors in platelet signaling during thrombus stabilization and implications for antithrombotic therapy
Creators: name: Wehrle-Haller, Bernhard
name: Savi, Pierre
name: Goff, Stephen P.
name: Collen, Désiré
name: Conway, Edward M.
name: Earp, H. Shelton
name: Plaisance, Stéphane
name: Schaeffer, Paul
name: Herbert, Jean-Marc
name: Hoylaerts, Marc F.
name: Vesin, Christian
name: Carmeliet, Peter
name: Flores, Nathalie
name: Lemke, Greg
name: Angelillo-Scherrer, Anne
name: Burnier, Laurent
name: Matsushima, Glenn K.
name: DeMol, Maria
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: Mechanisms regulating thrombus stabilization remain largely unknown. Here, we report that loss of any 1 of the Gas6 receptors (Gas6-Rs), i.e., Tyro3, Axl, or Mer, or delivery of a soluble extracellular domain of Axl that traps Gas6 protects mice against life-threatening thrombosis. Loss of a Gas6-R does not prevent initial platelet aggregation but impairs subsequent stabilization of platelet aggregates, at least in part by reducing “outside-in” signaling and platelet granule secretion. Gas6, through its receptors, activates PI3K and Akt and stimulates tyrosine phosphorylation of the β3 integrin, thereby amplifying outside-in signaling via αIIbβ3. Blocking the Gas6-R–αIIbβ3 integrin cross-talk might be a novel approach to the reduction of thrombosis.
Upper limits on the Polarized Isotropic Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background from Advanced LIGO-Virgo's First Three Observing Runs
Creators: name: Jiang, Yang
name: Huang, Qing-Guo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Parity violation is expected to generate an asymmetry between the amplitude of left and right-handed gravitational-wave modes which leads to a circularly polarized stochastic gravitational-wave background (SGWB). Due to the three independent baselines in the LIGO-Virgo network, we focus on the amplitude difference in strain power characterized by Stokes' parameters and do maximum-likelihood estimation to constrain the polarization degree of SGWB. Our results indicate that there is no evidence for the circularly polarized SGWB in the data. Furthermore, by modeling the SGWB as a power-law spectrum, we place upper limit on the normalized energy density $Ω_\text{gw}(25\,\text{Hz})<5.3\times10^{-9}$ at $95\%$ confidence level after marginalizing over the polarization degree and spectral index.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures and 2 tables; some clarifications added, version accepted for publication in JCAP
DMAPS: a fully depleted monolithic active pixel sensor - analog performance characterization
Creators: name: Havránek, Miroslav
name: Hemperek, Tomasz
name: Krüger, Hans
name: Fu, Yunan
name: Germic, Leonard
name: Kishishita, Tetsuichi
name: Obermann, Theresa
name: Wermes, Norbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors (MAPS) have been developed since the late 1990s based on silicon substrates with a thin epitaxial layer (thickness of 10-15 $μ$m) in which charge is collected on an electrode, albeit by disordered and slow diffusion rather than by drift in a directed electric field. As a consequence, the signal is small ($\approx$ 1000 e$^-$) and the radiation tolerance is much below the LHC requirements by factors of 100 to 1000. In this paper we present the development of a fully Depleted Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors (DMAPS) based on a high resistivity substrate allowing the creation of a fully depleted detection volume. This concept overcomes the inherent limitations of charge collection by diffusion in the standard MAPS designs. We present results from a test chip EPCB01 designed in a commercial 150 nm CMOS technology. The technology provides a thin (50 $μ$m) high resistivity n-type silicon substrate as well as an additional deep p-well which allows to integrate full CMOS circuitry inside the pixel. Different matrix types with several variants of collection electrodes have been implemented. Measurements of the analog performance of this first implementation of DMAPS pixels will be presented.
description: submitted to JINST
VERITAS Observations of the Galactic Center Region at Multi-TeV Gamma-Ray Energies
Creators: name: Ryan, James L
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Galactic Center region hosts a variety of powerful astronomical sources and rare astrophysical processes that emit a large flux of non-thermal radiation. We present the analysis of the very-high-energy gamma-ray emission above 2 TeV of the region around the Galactic Center known as the Central Molecular Zone using 125 hours of data taken with the VERITAS imaging-atmospheric Cherenkov telescope between 2010 and 2018. This analysis employs new shower reconstruction algorithms and instrument response functions optimized for data taken at large zenith angles such as the Galactic Center sources. We report positions and spectra for point sources VER J1745-290, G0.9+0.1, and HESS J1746-285, along with a light curve for VER J1745-290, the brightest source in the region consistent with the position of the supermassive black hole Sagittarius A*. We also measure the spectrum of the diffuse emission from the Galactic Center ridge region, which has been claimed as evidence of a Galactic PeVatron.
description: Contribution to the Proceedings of the 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2021), Berlin, Germany
Targeted inactivation of hepatic Abca1 causes profound hypoalphalipoproteinemia and kidney hypercatabolism of apoA-I
Creators: name: Maeda, Nobuyo
name: Timmins, Jenelle M.
name: Mulya, Anny
name: Boudyguina, Elena
name: Colvin, Perry L.
name: Gebre, Abraham K.
name: Lee, Ji-Young
name: Smith, Thomas L.
name: Coutinho, Jonathan M.
name: Parks, John S.
name: Brunham, Liam R.
name: Kluckman, Kimberly D.
name: Hayden, Michael R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: Patients with Tangier disease exhibit extremely low plasma HDL concentrations resulting from mutations in the ATP-binding cassette, sub-family A, member 1 (ABCA1) protein. ABCA1 controls the rate-limiting step in HDL particle assembly by mediating efflux of cholesterol and phospholipid from cells to lipid-free apoA-I, which forms nascent HDL particles. ABCA1 is widely expressed; however, the specific tissues involved in HDL biogenesis are unknown. To determine the role of the liver in HDL biogenesis, we generated mice with targeted deletion of the second nucleotide-binding domain of Abca1 in liver only (Abca1–L/–L). Abca1–L/–L mice had total plasma and HDL cholesterol concentrations that were 19% and 17% those of wild-type littermates, respectively. In vivo catabolism of HDL apoA-I from wild-type mice or human lipid-free apoA-I was 2-fold higher in Abca1–L/–L mice compared with controls due to a 2-fold increase in the catabolism of apoA-I by the kidney, with no change in liver catabolism. We conclude that in chow-fed mice, the liver is the single most important source of plasma HDL. Furthermore, hepatic, but not extrahepatic, Abca1 is critical in maintaining the circulation of mature HDL particles by direct lipidation of hepatic lipid-poor apoA-I, slowing its catabolism by the kidney and prolonging its plasma residence time.
Timp3 deficiency in insulin receptor-haploinsufficient mice promotes diabetes and vascular inflammation via increased TNF-
Creators: name: Federici, M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: Activation of inflammatory pathways may contribute to the beginning and the progression of both atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes. Here we report a novel interaction between insulin action and control of inflammation, resulting in glucose intolerance and vascular inflammation and amenable to therapeutic modulation. In insulin receptor heterozygous (Insr+/–) mice, we identified the deficiency of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3 (Timp3, an inhibitor of both TNF-α–converting enzyme [TACE] and MMPs) as a common bond between glucose intolerance and vascular inflammation. Among Insr+/– mice, those that develop diabetes have reduced Timp3 and increased TACE activity. Unchecked TACE activity causes an increase in levels of soluble TNF-α, which subsequently promotes diabetes and vascular inflammation. Double heterozygous Insr+/–Timp3+/– mice develop mild hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia at 3 months and overt glucose intolerance and hyperinsulinemia at 6 months. A therapeutic role for Timp3/TACE modulation is supported by the observation that pharmacological inhibition of TACE led to marked reduction of hyperglycemia and vascular inflammation in Insr+/– diabetic mice, as well as by the observation of increased insulin sensitivity in Tace+/– mice compared with WT mice. Our results suggest that an interplay between reduced insulin action and unchecked TACE activity promotes diabetes and vascular inflammation.
Transformationskraft der Natur: Bedeutung für die Soziokulturelle Animation
Creators: name: Muff, Marius
Publisher: name: Hochschule Luzern – Soziale Arbeit
Year: 2024

description: Die vorliegende Bachelorarbeit mit dem Titel «Transformationskraft der Natur – Bedeutung für die Soziokulturelle Animation» ist eine Literaturarbeit, in der Marius Muff ein interdisziplinäres Verständnis der Natur entwickelt und dieses mit dem Berufsfeld der Soziokulturellen Animation verbindet.
Zu diesem Zweck erfolgt eine Beleuchtung theoretischer Perspektiven und Begriffsabgrenzungen der Natur, um eine fundierte Grundlage für die weitere Analyse zu schaffen. Es wird dargelegt, dass die Natur als ein multidimensionales Netzwerk von Prozessen verstanden werden kann, in welches der Mensch eingebettet ist. Im Anschluss erfolgt eine Analyse des gesellschaftlichen Wandels, wobei der Fokus auf die Beschleunigungsgesellschaft, die Entfremdung und die ökologische Krise gelegt wird. Es wird dargelegt, dass ein inklusives Naturverständnis dazu beitragen kann, resonante Weltbeziehungen zu entwickeln, welche das individuelle und kollektive Wohlbefinden fördern.
Die Untersuchung der Wirkungen von Naturerfahrungen auf den Menschen zeigt, dass Naturerfahrungen positive Effekte auf die Gesundheit haben, Stress reduzieren, Kreativität fördern und ein Gefühl der Verbundenheit stärken. Die Konzepte des Waldbaden und der Biophilie verdeutlichen die tief verwurzelte menschliche Beziehung zur Natur und demonstrieren die transformative Wirkung von Naturerfahrungen.
Die Rolle der Natur in der Soziokulturellen Animation wird in verschiedensten Handlungsfeldern erörtert. Dabei werden konkrete Konzepte wie Naturpädagogik, Urban Gardening und Solidarische Landwirtschaft als Möglichkeiten von Naturerfahrungen für die Soziokulturelle Animation diskutiert.
description: + Code Diss LU: hslusa bask be + Fussnote: Bachelor-Arbeit, Hochschule Luzern – Soziale Arbeit, Studienrichtung Soziokultur, 2024 + NL-Code: NLLUHSA202409
The dispersion measure of Fast Radio Bursts host galaxies: estimation from cosmological simulations
Creators: name: Mo, Jian-Feng
name: Zhu, Weishan
name: Wang, Yang
name: Tang, Lin
name: Feng, Long-Long
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dispersion measure(DM) of fast radio burst encodes important information such as its distance, properties of intervening medium. Based on simulations in the Illustris and IllustrisTNG projects, we analyze the DM of FRBs contributed by the interstellar medium and circumgalactic medium in the hosts, $\rm{DM_{host}}$. We explore two population models - tracing the star formation rate (SFR), and the stellar mass, i.e. young and old progenitors respectively. The distribution of $\rm{DM_{host}}$ shows significant differences at $z=0$ between two populations: the stellar mass model exhibits an excess at the low DM end with respect to the SFR model. The SFR (stellar mass) model has a median value of $\rm{DM_{host}}$=179 (63) $\rm{pc\, cm^{-3}}$ for galaxies with $M_*=10^{8-13}\,M_{\odot}$ in the TNG100-1. Galaxies in the Illustris-1 have a much smaller $\rm{DM_{host}}$. The distributions of $\rm{DM_{host}}$ deviate from log-normal function for both models. Furthermore, two populations differ moderately in the spatial offset from host galaxy's center, in the stellar mass function of hosts. $\rm{DM_{host}}$ increases with the stellar mass of hosts when $M_*<10^{10.5}\,M_{\odot}$, and fluctuate at higher mass. At $0
description: 16 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Anaerobic killing of mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa by acidified nitrite derivatives under cystic fibrosis airway conditions
Creators: name: Yoon, S. S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Mucoid, mucA mutant Pseudomonas aeruginosa cause chronic lung infections in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and are refractory to phagocytosis and antibiotics. Here we show that mucoid bacteria perish during anaerobic exposure to 15 mM nitrite (NO2–) at pH 6.5, which mimics CF airway mucus. Killing required a pH lower than 7, implicating formation of nitrous acid (HNO2) and NO, that adds NO equivalents to cellular molecules. Eighty-seven percent of CF isolates possessed mucA mutations and were killed by HNO2 (3-log reduction in 4 days). Furthermore, antibiotic-resistant strains determined were also equally sensitive to HNO2. More importantly, HNO2 killed mucoid bacteria (a) in anaerobic biofilms; (b) in vitro in ultrasupernatants of airway secretions derived from explanted CF patient lungs; and (c) in mouse lungs in vivo in a pH-dependent fashion, with no organisms remaining after daily exposure to HNO2 for 16 days. HNO2 at these levels of acidity and NO2– also had no adverse effects on cultured human airway epithelia in vitro. In summary, selective killing by HNO2 may provide novel insights into the important clinical goal of eradicating mucoid P. aeruginosa from the CF airways.
Critical Metallicity of Cool Supergiant Formation. I. Effects on Stellar Mass Loss and Feedback
Creators: name: Ou, Po-Sheng
name: Chen, Ke-Jung
name: Chu, You-Hua
name: Tsai, Sung-Han
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper systematically studies the relation between metallicity and mass loss of massive stars. We perform one-dimensional stellar evolution simulations and build a grid of $\sim$2000 models with initial masses ranging between 11 and 60 $M_{\odot}$ and absolute metallicities $Z$ between 0.00001 and 0.02. Steady-state winds, comprising hot main-sequence winds and cool supergiant winds, are the main drivers of the mass loss of massive stars in our models. We calculate the total mass loss over the stellar lifetime for each model. Our results reveal the existence of a critical metallicity $Z_{\rm{c}}$ at $Z \sim 10^{-3}$, where the mass loss exhibits a dramatic jump. If $Z>Z_{\rm{c}}$, massive stars tend to evolve into cool supergiants, and a robust cool wind is operational. In contrast, if $Z
description: 22 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Bacterial neuraminidase facilitates mucosal infection by participating in biofilm production
Creators: name: Soong, G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Many respiratory pathogens, including Hemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, express neuraminidases that can cleave α2,3-linked sialic acids from glycoconjugates. As mucosal surfaces are heavily sialylated, neuraminidases have been thought to modify epithelial cells by exposing potential bacterial receptors. However, in contrast to neuraminidase produced by the influenza virus, a role for bacterial neuraminidase in pathogenesis has not yet been clearly established. We constructed a mutant of P. aeruginosa PAO1 by deleting the PA2794 neuraminidase locus (Δ2794) and tested its virulence and immunostimulatory capabilities in a mouse model of infection. Although fully virulent when introduced i.p., the Δ2794 mutant was unable to establish respiratory infection by i.n. inoculation. The inability to colonize the respiratory tract correlated with diminished production of biofilm, as assessed by scanning electron microscopy and in vitro assays. The importance of neuraminidase in biofilm production was further demonstrated by showing that viral neuraminidase inhibitors in clinical use blocked P. aeruginosa biofilm production in vitro as well. The P. aeruginosa neuraminidase has a key role in the initial stages of pulmonary infection by targeting bacterial glycoconjugates and contributing to the formation of biofilm. Inhibiting bacterial neuraminidases could provide a novel mechanism to prevent bacterial pneumonia.
Far Ultra-Violet Insights Into NGC 1399's Globular Cluster Population
Creators: name: Dage, Kristen C.
name: Sun, Yifan
name: Kundu, Arunav
name: Zepf, Stephen E.
name: Haggard, Daryl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate archival Hubble Space Telescope ACS/SBC F140LP observations of NGC~1399 to search for evidence of multiple stellar populations in extragalactic globular clusters. Enhanced FUV populations are thought to be indicators of He-enhanced second generation populations in globular clusters, specifically extreme/blue horizontal branch stars. Out of 149 globular clusters in the field of view, 58 have far ultraviolet (FUV) counterparts with magnitudes brighter than 28.5. Six of these FUV-deteced globular clusters are also detected in X-rays, including one ultraluminous X-ray source ($L_X > 10^{39}$ erg/s). While optically bright clusters corresponded to brighter FUV counterparts, we observe FUV emission from both metal-rich and metal-poor clusters, which implies that the FUV excess is not dependent on optical colour. We also find no evidence that the cluster size influences the FUV emission. The clusters with X-ray emission are not unusually FUV bright, which suggests that even the ultraluminous X-ray source does not provide significant FUV contributions. NGC 1399 is only the fourth galaxy to have its globular cluster system probed for evidence of FUV-enhanced populations, and we compare these clusters to previous studies of the Milky Way, M31, M87, and the brightest cluster in M81. These sources indicate that many globular clusters likely host extreme HB stars and/or second generation stars, and highlight the need for more complete FUV observations of extragalactic globular cluster systems.
description: accepted to MNRAS
Intermittent pressure overload triggers hypertrophy-independent cardiac dysfunction and vascular rarefaction
Creators: name: Perrino, C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: For over a century, there has been intense debate as to the reason why some cardiac stresses are pathological and others are physiological. One long-standing theory is that physiological overloads such as exercise are intermittent, while pathological overloads such as hypertension are chronic. In this study, we hypothesized that the nature of the stress on the heart, rather than its duration, is the key determinant of the maladaptive phenotype. To test this, we applied intermittent pressure overload on the hearts of mice and tested the roles of duration and nature of the stress on the development of cardiac failure. Despite a mild hypertrophic response, preserved systolic function, and a favorable fetal gene expression profile, hearts exposed to intermittent pressure overload displayed pathological features. Importantly, intermittent pressure overload caused diastolic dysfunction, altered β-adrenergic receptor (βAR) function, and vascular rarefaction before the development of cardiac hypertrophy, which were largely normalized by preventing the recruitment of PI3K by βAR kinase 1 to ligand-activated receptors. Thus stress-induced activation of pathogenic signaling pathways, not the duration of stress or the hypertrophic growth per se, is the molecular trigger of cardiac dysfunction.
Reduced maternal expression of adrenomedullin disrupts fertility, placentation, and fetal growth in mice
Creators: name: Magnuson, Terry R.
name: Caron, Kathleen M.
name: Li, Manyu
name: Yee, Della
name: Smithies, Oliver
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Adrenomedullin (AM) is a multifunctional peptide vasodilator that is essential for life. Plasma AM expression dramatically increases during pregnancy, and alterations in its levels are associated with complications of pregnancy including fetal growth restriction (FGR) and preeclampsia. Using AM+/– female mice with genetically reduced AM expression, we demonstrate that fetal growth and placental development are seriously compromised by this modest decrease in expression. AM+/– female mice had reduced fertility characterized by FGR. The incidence of FGR was also influenced by the genotype of the embryo, since AM–/– embryos were more often affected than either AM+/– or AM+/+ embryos. We demonstrate that fetal trophoblast cells and the maternal uterine wall have coordinated and localized increases in AM gene expression at the time of implantation. Placentas from growth-restricted embryos showed defects in trophoblast cell invasion, similar to defects that underlie human preeclampsia and placenta accreta. Our data provide a genetic in vivo model to implicate both maternal and, to a lesser extent, embryonic levels of AM in the processes of implantation, placentation, and subsequent fetal growth. This study provides the first genetic evidence to our knowledge to suggest that a modest reduction in human AM expression during pregnancy may have an unfavorable impact on reproduction.
Comment on 'Enhancement in the production of nucleating clusters due to dimethylamine and large uncertainties in the thermochemistry of amine-enhanced nucleation' by Nadykto et al., Chem. Phys. Lett., 609, 42-49 (2014)
Creators: name: Kupiainen-Määttä, Oona
name: Henschel, Henning
name: Kurtén, Theo
name: Loukonen, Ville
name: Olenius, Tinja
name: Paasonen, Pauli
name: Vehkamäki, Hanna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We comment on a study by Nadykto et al. recently published in this journal. Earlier work from our group has been misrepresented in this study, and we feel that the claims made need to be amended. Also the analysis of Nadykto et al. concerning the implications of their own density functional calculations is incomplete. We present cluster formation simulations allowing more conclusions to be drawn from their data, and also compare them to recent experimental results not cited in their work.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Chemical Physics Letters
Role of different pathways of the complement cascade in experimental bullous pemphigoid
Creators: name: Nelson, Kelly C.
name: Zhao, Minglang
name: Schroeder, Pamela R.
name: Liu, Zhi
name: Diaz, Luis A.
name: Li, Ning
name: Wetsel, Rick A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an autoimmune subepidermal blistering disease associated with autoantibodies directed against the hemidesmosomal proteins BP180 and BP230 and inflammation. Passive transfer of antibodies to the murine BP180 (mBP180) induces a skin disease that closely resembles human BP. In the present study, we defined the roles of the different complement activation pathways in this model system. Mice deficient in the alternative pathway component factor B (Fb) and injected with pathogenic anti-mBP180 IgG developed delayed and less intense subepidermal blisters. Mice deficient in the classical pathway component complement component 4 (C4) and WT mice pretreated with neutralizing antibody against the first component of the classical pathway, C1q, were resistant to experimental BP. These mice exhibited a significantly reduced level of mast cell degranulation and polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) infiltration in the skin. Intradermal administration of compound 48/80, a mast cell degranulating agent, restored BP disease in C4–/– mice. Furthermore, C4–/– mice became susceptible to experimental BP after local injection of PMN chemoattractant IL-8 or local reconstitution with PMNs. These findings provide the first direct evidence to our knowledge that complement activation via the classical and alternative pathways is crucial in subepidermal blister formation in experimental BP.
The luminosity function of TeV-emitting BL Lacs: observations of an HBL sample with VERITAS
Creators: name: Errando, Manel
name: Collaboration, VERITAS
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-frequency-peaked BL Lacs (HBLs) dominate the extragalactic TeV sky, with more than 50 objects detected by the current generation of TeV observatories. Still, the properties of TeV-emitting HBLs as a population are poorly understood due to biases introduced by the observing strategies of Cherenkov Telescopes, limiting our ability to estimate the potential contribution of TeV blazars to the diffuse neutrino, gamma-ray, and cosmic-ray background as well as their role in the late-stage evolution of active galactic nuclei. The VERITAS telescope array has designed a program to quantify and minimize observational biases by selecting a sample of 36 HBLs and measuring their TeV flux at times that are not weighted towards high-flux states. Such a survey could form the basis for a measurement of the luminosity function of TeV-emitting HBLs.
description: in Proceedings of the 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2021), Berlin, Germany
Senescence-associated phenotypes in Akita diabetic mice are enhanced by absence of bradykinin B2 receptors
Creators: name: Kakoki, M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: We have previously reported that genetically increased angiotensin-converting enzyme levels, or absence of the bradykinin B2 receptor, increase kidney damage in diabetic mice. We demonstrate here that this is part of a more general phenomenon — diabetes and, to a lesser degree, absence of the B2 receptor, independently but also largely additively when combined, enhance senescence-associated phenotypes in multiple tissues. Thus, at 12 months of age, indicators of senescence (alopecia, skin atrophy, kyphosis, osteoporosis, testicular atrophy, lipofuscin accumulation in renal proximal tubule and testicular Leydig cells, and apoptosis in the testis and intestine) are virtually absent in WT mice, detectable in B2 receptor–null mice, clearly apparent in mice diabetic because of a dominant mutation (Akita) in the Ins2 gene, and most obvious in Akita diabetic plus B2 receptor–null mice. Renal expression of several genes that encode proteins associated with senescence and/or apoptosis (TGF-β1, connective tissue growth factor, p53, α-synuclein, and forkhead box O1) increases in the same progression. Concomitant increases occur in 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine, point mutations and deletions in kidney mitochondrial DNA, and thiobarbituric acid–reactive substances in plasma, together with decreases in the reduced form of glutathione in erythrocytes. Thus, absence of the bradykinin B2 receptor increases the oxidative stress, mitochondrial DNA damage, and many senescence-associated phenotypes already present in untreated Akita diabetic mice.
Searching for shell stars in LAMOST DR4 by probing the Fe 42 multiplet lines
Creators: name: Huemmerich, S.
name: Paunzen, E.
name: Bernhard, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Shell stars, in particular the cooler ones, often do not show conspicuous Balmer-line emission and may consequently be missed in surveys that specifically search for emission signatures in the Halpha line. The present work is aimed at identifying stars with shell-signatures via a search for strong FeII multiplet 42 lines at 4924, 5018, 5169A in archival LAMOST spectra. Candidates were selected by probing the FeII 42 lines in the spectra of a sample of colour-preselected early-type stars using a modified version of the MKCLASS code and then categorised by visual inspection of their spectra. We identified 75 stars showing conspicuous shell features, 43 Am/CP1 stars, 12 Ap/CP2 stars, and three objects with composite spectra. Spectral types and equivalent width measurements of the FeII 42 lines are presented for the sample of shell stars. Except for three objects, all shell stars appear significantly removed from the ZAMS in the colour-magnitude diagram, which is likely due to extinction by circumstellar material. We find a correlation between the equivalent width of the 5169A line and the distance to the locus of the main-sequence stars (the larger the IR-excess, the stronger the 5169A line) and studied the variability of the shell star sample using TESS data, identifying a very high proportion of double stars. All but 14 shell stars are new discoveries, which highlights the efficiency of the here presented novel approach to identify stars with subtle shell features. This study may be used as a blueprint for discovering these objects in massive spectral databases.
description: 18 pages, accepted for Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Steroid and xenobiotic receptor and vitamin D receptor crosstalk mediates CYP24 expression and drug-induced osteomalacia
Creators: name: Zhou, C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: The balance between bioactivation and degradation of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] is critical for ensuring appropriate biological effects of vitamin D. Cytochrome P450, family 24–mediated (CYP24-mediated) 24-hydroxylation of 1,25(OH)2D3 is an important step in the catabolism of 1,25(OH)2D3. The enzyme is directly regulated by vitamin D receptor (VDR), and it is expressed mainly in the kidney, where VDR is also abundant. A recent report suggests that activation of steroid and xenobiotic receptor (SXR) also enhances the expression of CYP24, providing a new molecular mechanism of drug-induced osteomalacia. However, here we showed that activation of SXR did not induce CYP24 expression in vitro and in vivo, nor did it transactivate the CYP24 promoter. Instead, SXR inhibited VDR-mediated CYP24 promoter activity, and CYP24 expression was very low in tissues containing high levels of SXR, including the small intestine. Moreover, 1,25(OH)2D3-induced CYP24 expression was enhanced in mice lacking the SXR ortholog pregnane X receptor, and treatment of humans with the SXR agonist rifampicin had no effect on intestinal CYP24 expression, despite demonstration of marked CYP3A4 induction. Combined with our previous findings that CYP3A4, not CYP24, plays the dominant role in hydroxylation of 1,25(OH)2D3 in human liver and intestine, our results indicate that SXR has a dual role in mediating vitamin D catabolism and drug-induced osteomalacia.
Competing instabilities at long length scales in the one-dimensional Bose-Fermi-Hubbard model at commensurate fillings
Creators: name: Schönmeier-Kromer, Janik
name: Pollet, Lode
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the phase diagram of the one-dimensional Bose-Fermi-Hubbard model at unit filling for the scalar bosons and half filling for the $S=1/2$ fermions using quantum Monte Carlo simulations. The bare interaction between the fermions is set to zero. A central question of our study is what type of interactions can be induced between the fermions by the bosons, for both weak and strong interspecies coupling. We find that the induced interactions can lead to competing instabilities favoring phase separation, superconducting phases, and density wave structures, in many cases at work on length scales of more than 100 sites. Marginal bosonic superfluids with a density matrix decaying faster than what is allowed for pure bosonic systems with on-site interactions, are also found.
description: 19 pages, 37 figures
The latency-associated nuclear antigen of Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus induces B cell hyperplasia and lymphoma
Creators: name: Fakhari, F. D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Kaposi sarcoma–associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is a human lymphotropic herpesvirus. It is implicated in B cell neoplasias such as primary effusion lymphoma and multicentric Castleman disease in AIDS patients. The KSHV latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA) is consistently expressed in all KSHV-associated tumor cells and was shown to bind the tumor suppressor proteins p53 and pRb. To test LANA’s contribution to lymphomagenesis in vivo we generated transgenic mice expressing LANA under the control of its own promoter, which is B cell specific. All of the transgenic mice developed splenic follicular hyperplasia due to an expansion of IgM+IgD+ B cells and showed increased germinal center formation. We also observed lymphomas, implying that LANA can activate B cells and provide the first step toward lymphomagenesis.
ความรู้ (Knowledge) ทัศนคติ (Attitude) และการปฏิบัติตน (Practice) ของแรงงานข้ามชาติ ต่อสถานการณ์โรคติดเชื้อไวรัสโคโรนา 2019 ในจังหวัดภูเก็ต ปี 2565
Creators: name: ธัชริทธิ์  ใจผูก
Publisher: name: สถาบันป้องกันควบคุมโรคเขตเมือง
Year: 2023
Subjects: แรงงานข้ามชาติ
โรคติดเชื้อไวรัสโคโรนา 2019
การป้องกันโรค

description: วารสารสถาบันป้องกันควบคุมโรคเขตเมือง, 7, 2, 92-106
[Halle (Saale), Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Morbio 6 (52)]
Creators: name: Donatus
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1421
Subjects: subject: Sonstige geistliche Aussteller
subject: Notarsurkunde
subject: Urkunde
subject: 090

description: Donatus de Massalia, rector der Kirche St. Marci de Vice in Como, belehnt den Roffinus de Ualletelina, Sohn des verstorbenen Guaraschus, wohnhaft in Castelletto im Bistum Como, mit dem Recht, den Zehnt auf die Ländereien in Castelletto zu erheben.
The throughput calibration of the VERITAS telescopes
Creators: name: Rosillo, M. Nievas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes are continuously exposed to varying weather conditions that have short and long-term effects on their response to Cherenkov light from extensive air showers. This work presents the implementation of a throughput calibration method for the VERITAS telescopes taking into account changes in the optical response and detector performance over time. Different methods to measure the total throughput of the instrument, which depend on mirror reflectivites and PMT camera gain and efficiency, are discussed as well as the effect of its evolution on energy thresholds, effective collection areas, and energy reconstruction. The application of this calibration in the VERITAS data analysis chain is discussed, including the validation using Monte Carlo simulations and observations of the Crab Nebula.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, ICRC2021 Conference (Berlin, online)
Atrogin-1 inhibits Akt-dependent cardiac hypertrophy in mice via ubiquitin-dependent coactivation of Forkhead proteins
Creators: name: Miller, Nathaniel
name: Willis, Monte S.
name: Li, Hui-Hua
name: McDonough, Holly
name: Glass, David J.
name: Lockyer, Pamela
name: Patterson, Cam
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Cardiac hypertrophy is a major cause of human morbidity and mortality. Although much is known about the pathways that promote hypertrophic responses, mechanisms that antagonize these pathways have not been as clearly defined. Atrogin-1, also known as muscle atrophy F-box, is an F-box protein that inhibits pathologic cardiac hypertrophy by participating in a ubiquitin ligase complex that triggers degradation of calcineurin, a factor involved in promotion of pathologic hypertrophy. Here we demonstrated that atrogin-1 also disrupted Akt-dependent pathways responsible for physiologic cardiac hypertrophy. Our results indicate that atrogin-1 does not affect the activity of Akt itself, but serves as a coactivator for members of the Forkhead family of transcription factors that function downstream of Akt. This coactivator function of atrogin-1 was dependent on its ubiquitin ligase activity and the deposition of polyubiquitin chains on lysine 63 of Foxo1 and Foxo3a. Transgenic mice expressing atrogin-1 in the heart displayed increased Foxo1 ubiquitylation and upregulation of known Forkhead target genes concomitant with suppression of cardiac hypertrophy, while mice lacking atrogin-1 displayed the opposite physiologic phenotype. These experiments define a role for lysine 63–linked ubiquitin chains in transcriptional coactivation and demonstrate that atrogin-1 uses this mechanism to disrupt physiologic cardiac hypertrophic signaling through its effects on Forkhead transcription factors.