cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Shrinking a gradient index lens antenna system with a spaceplate
Creators: name: Mrnka, Michal
name: Whittaker, Thomas
name: Phillips, David B.
name: Hendry, Euan
name: Whittow, Will
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The miniaturisation of optical systems is an ongoing challenge across the electromagnetic spectrum. While the thickness of optical elements themselves can be reduced using advances in metamaterials, it is the voids between these elements -- which are necessary parts of an optical system -- that occupy most of the volume. Recently, a novel optical element coined a `spaceplate' was proposed, that replaces a region of free space with a thinner optical element that emulates the free-space optical response function -- thus having the potential to substantially shrink the volume of optical systems. While there have been a few proof-of-principle demonstrations of spaceplates, they have not yet been deployed in a real-world optical system. In this work, we use a bespoke-designed spaceplate to reduce the length of a gradient index (GRIN) lens microwave antenna. Our antenna is designed to operate at 23.5 GHz, and the incorporation of a nonlocal metamaterial spaceplate enables the distance between the antenna feed and the GRIN lens to be reduced by almost a factor of two. We find the radiation patterns from a conventional and space-squeezed antenna are very similar, with a very low cross-polarisation, and only a minor increase in the side-lobe levels when introducing the spaceplate. Our work represents a first example of a spaceplate integrated into a functional optical system, highlighting the potential for this concept to reduce the physical size of optical systems in real-world applications.
A Geometric Monte Carlo Algorithm for the Antiferromagnetic Ising model with "Topological" Term at $θ=π$
Creators: name: Azcoiti, V.
name: Cortese, G.
name: Follana, E.
name: Giordano, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we study the two and three-dimensional antiferromagnetic Ising model with an imaginary magnetic field $iθ$ at $θ=π$. In order to perform numerical simulations of the system we introduce a new geometric algorithm not affected by the sign problem. Our results for the $2D$ model are in agreement with the analytical solutions. We also present new results for the $3D$ model which are qualitatively in agreement with mean-field predictions.
Genetic Sequence compression using Machine Learning and Arithmetic Encoding Decoding Techniques
Creators: name: Sarkar, Mehedi Hasan
name: Ashrafi, Adnan Ferdous
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: J.3
subject: 92-06(primary)

description: We live in a period where bio-informatics is rapidly expanding, a significant quantity of genomic data has been produced as a result of the advancement of high-throughput genome sequencing technology, raising concerns about the costs associated with data storage and transmission. The question of how to properly compress data from genomic sequences is still open. Previously many researcher proposed many compression method on this topic DNA Compression without machine learning and with machine learning approach. Extending a previous research, we propose a new architecture like modified DeepDNA and we have propose a new methodology be deploying a double base-ed strategy for compression of DNA sequences. And validated the results by experimenting on three sizes of datasets are 100, 243, 356. The experimental outcomes highlight our improved approach's superiority over existing approaches for analyzing the human mitochondrial genome data, such as DeepDNA.
description: 6 page, 4 figures, 3 tables, accepted at ICCIT 2022
The Pristine Inner Galaxy Survey (PIGS) IX. The largest detailed chemical analysis of very metal-poor stars in the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy
Creators: name: Sestito, Federico
name: Vitali, Sara
name: Jofre, Paula
name: Venn, Kim A.
name: Aguado, David S.
name: Aguilera-Gómez, Claudia
name: Ardern-Arentsen, Anke
name: Silva, Danielle de Brito
name: Carlberg, Raymond
name: Eldridge, Camilla J. L.
name: Gran, Felipe
name: Hill, Vanessa
name: Jablonka, Pascale
name: Kordopatis, Georges
name: Martin, Nicolas F.
name: Matsuno, Tadafumi
name: Rusterucci, Samuel
name: Starkenburg, Else
name: Viswanathan, Akshara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The most metal-poor stars provide valuable insights into the early chemical enrichment history of a system, carrying the chemical imprints of the first generations of supernovae. The most metal-poor region of the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy remains inadequately observed and characterised. To date, only $\sim4$ stars with [Fe/H]~$<-2.0$ have been chemically analysed with high-resolution spectroscopy. In this study, we present the most extensive chemical abundance analysis of 12 low-metallicity stars with metallicities down to [Fe/H]~$=-3.26$ and located in the main body of Sagittarius. These targets, selected from the Pristine Inner Galaxy Survey, were observed using the MIKE high-resolution spectrograph at the {\it Magellan-Clay} telescope, which allowed us to measure up to 17 chemical species. The chemical composition of these stars reflects the imprint of a variety of type~II supernovae (SNe~II). A combination of low- to intermediate-mass high-energy SNe and hypernovae ($\sim10-70\msun$) is required to account for the abundance patterns of the lighter elements up to the Fe-peak. The trend of the heavy elements suggests the involvement of compact binary merger events and fast-rotating (up to $\sim300\kms$) intermediate-mass to massive metal-poor stars ($\sim25-120\msun$) that are the sources of rapid and slow processes, respectively. Additionally, asymptotic giant branch stars contribute to a wide dispersion of [Ba/Mg] and [Ba/Eu]. The absence of an $α-$knee in our data indicates that type Ia supernovae did not contribute in the very metal-poor region ([Fe/H]~$\leq-2.0$). However, they might have started to pollute the interstellar medium at [Fe/H]~$>-2.0$, given the relatively low [Co/Fe] in this metallicity region.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. New plot on [Eu/Mg]. Some refs updated
Industrial Memories: Exploring the Findings of Government Inquiries with Neural Word Embedding and Machine Learning
Creators: name: Leavy, Susan
name: Pine, Emilie
name: Keane, Mark T
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a text mining system to support the exploration of large volumes of text detailing the findings of government inquiries. Despite their historical significance and potential societal impact, key findings of inquiries are often hidden within lengthy documents and remain inaccessible to the general public. We transform the findings of the Irish government's inquiry into industrial schools and through the use of word embedding, text classification and visualisation, present an interactive web-based platform that enables the exploration of the text to uncover new historical insights.
description: Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases. ECML PKDD 2018. Lecture Notes in Computer Science
Effects of Long-lived 10 MeV Scale Sterile Neutrino on Primordial Elemental Abundances and Effective Neutrino Number
Creators: name: Ishida, Hiroyuki
name: Kusakabe, Motohiko
name: Okada, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The primordial lithium abundance inferred from observations of metal-poor stars is ~3 times smaller than the theoretical value in standard big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) model. We assume a simple model including a sterile neutrino nu_H with mass of O(10) MeV which decays long after BBN. We then investigate cosmological effects of a sterile neutrino decay. We formulate the injection spectrum of nonthermal photons induced by electrons and positrons generated at the nu_H decay, as a function of the nu_H mass and the photon temperature. We then consistently solve (1) the cosmic thermal history, (2) nonthermal nucleosynthesis induced by the nonthermal photons, (3) the baryon-to-photon ratio eta, and (4) the effective neutrino number N_eff. Amounts of energy injection at the nu_H decay are constrained from limits on primordial D and 7Li abundances, the N_eff value, and the cosmic microwave background energy spectrum. We find that 7Be is photodisintegrated and the Li problem is partially solved for the lifetime 10^4-10^5 s and the mass >~ 14 MeV. 7Be destruction by more than a factor of 3 is not possible because of an associated D over-destruction. In the parameter region, the eta value is decreased slightly, while the N_eff value is increased by a factor of
description: 34 pages, 16 figures, major corrections made, contents extended, Figures corrected and added, conclusion unchanged
Cosmic magnetization in curved and Lorentz violating space-times
Creators: name: Kouretsis, Alexandros P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The presence of the large-scale magnetic fields is one of the greatest puzzles of contemporary cosmology. The symmetries of the electromagnetic field theory combined with the geometric structure of the FRW universe leads to an adiabatic decay of the primordial magnetic fields. Due to this rapid decay the residual large scale magnetic field is astrophysically unimportant. A common feature among many of the proposed amplification mechanisms is the violation of Lorentz symmetries. We introduce an amplification mechanism within a Lorentz violating environment where we use Finsler geometry as our theoretical background. The mechanism is based on the adoption of a local anisotropic structure that leads to modifications on the Ricci identities. Thus, the wave-like equation of any vector source, including the magnetic field, is enriched by the Finslerian curvature theory. In particular limits the remaining seed field can be strong enough to seed the galactic dynamo. In our analysis we also develop the 1+3 covariant formalism for the 4-vector potential in curved space-times.
description: Version to appear in EPJC
End of the cosmic neutrino energy spectrum
Creators: name: Anchordoqui, L. A.
name: Barger, V.
name: Goldberg, H.
name: Learned, J. G.
name: Marfatia, D.
name: Pakvasa, S.
name: Paul, T. C.
name: Weiler, T. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There may be a high-energy cutoff of neutrino events in IceCube data. In particular, IceCube does not observe either continuum events above 2 PeV, or the Standard Model Glashow-resonance events expected at 6.3 PeV. There are also no higher energy neutrino signatures in the ANITA and Auger experiments. This absence of high-energy neutrino events motivates a fundamental restriction on neutrino energies above a few PeV. We postulate a simple scenario to terminate the neutrino spectrum that is Lorentz-invariance violating, but with a limiting neutrino velocity that is always smaller than the speed of light. If the limiting velocity of the neutrino applies also to its associated charged lepton, then a significant consequence is that the two-body decay modes of the charged pion are forbidden above two times the maximum neutrino energy, while the radiative decay modes are suppressed at higher energies. Such stabilized pions may serve as cosmic ray primaries.
description: 6 pages. Version to appear in PLB
Production and chemical separation of $^{229}$Pa toward observation of $γ$ rays of $^{229\rm{m}}$Th
Creators: name: Shigekawa, Yudai
name: Yin, Xiaojie
name: Nambu, Akihiro
name: Wang, Yang
name: Haba, Hiromitsu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To observe the $γ$ rays emitted from the low-lying isomeric state of $^{229}$Th ($^{229\rm{m}}$Th), we aim to dope fluoride crystals with its precursor $^{229}$Pa. In this study, we produced $^{229}$Pa by a 30-MeV proton bombardment on $^{232}$Th and developed a chemical separation method. The chemical yield of Pa was 93(4)%, and the physical production yield of $^{229}$Pa for the proton energy range of 29.0${-}$30.1 MeV was measured to be 9.4(8) MBq/${\rmμ}$Ah, which was more than 10 times higher than those of $^{232,230,228,233}$Pa. These high chemical and production yields will allow us to prepare fluoride crystals having a sufficient amount of $^{229}$Pa for the observation of the $γ$ rays of $^{229\rm{m}}$Th.
Operator growth in open quantum systems: lessons from the dissipative SYK
Creators: name: Bhattacharjee, Budhaditya
name: Cao, Xiangyu
name: Nandy, Pratik
name: Pathak, Tanay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the operator growth in open quantum systems with dephasing dissipation terms, extending the Krylov complexity formalism of Phys. Rev. X 9, 041017. Our results are based on the study of the dissipative $q$-body Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev (SYK$_q$) model, governed by the Markovian dynamics. We introduce a notion of ''operator size concentration'' which allows a diagrammatic and combinatorial proof of the asymptotic linear behavior of the two sets of Lanczos coefficients ($a_n$ and $b_n$) in the large $q$ limit. Our results corroborate with the semi-analytics in finite $q$ in the large $N$ limit, and the numerical Arnoldi iteration in finite $q$ and finite $N$ limit. As a result, Krylov complexity exhibits exponential growth following a saturation at a time that grows logarithmically with the inverse dissipation strength. The growth of complexity is suppressed compared to the closed system results, yet it upper bounds the growth of the normalized out-of-time-ordered correlator (OTOC). We provide a plausible explanation of the results from the dual gravitational side.
description: v3: acknowledgment updated, published version in JHEP
Accelerated coupled cluster calculations with Procrustes orbital interpolation
Creators: name: Schrader, Simon Elias
name: Kvaal, Simen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coupled cluster method is considered a gold standard in quantum chemistry, reliably giving energies that are exact within chemical accuracy (1.6 mHartree). However, even in the CCSD approximation, where the cluster operator is truncated to include only single and double excitations, the method scales as $O(N^6)$ in the number of electrons, and the cluster operator needs to be solved for iteratively, increasing computation time. Inspired by eigenvector continuation, we present here an algorithm making use of Gaussian processes that provides an improved initial guess for the coupled cluster amplitudes. The cluster operator is written as a linear combination of sample cluster operators which are obtained at particular sample geometries. By reusing the cluster operators from previous calculations in that way, it is possible to obtain a start guess for the amplitudes that surpasses both MP2-guesses and "previous geometry"-guesses in terms of the number of necessary iterations. As this improved guess is very close to the exact cluster operator, it can be used directly to calculate the CCSD energy to chemical accuracy, giving approximate CCSD energies scaling as $O(N^5)$.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
Validation of EUHFORIA cone and spheromak Coronal Mass Ejection Models
Creators: name: Rodriguez, L.
name: Shukhobodskaia, D.
name: Niemela, A.
name: Maharana, A.
name: Samara, E.
name: Verbeke, C.
name: Magdalenic, J.
name: Vansintjan, R.
name: Mierla, M.
name: Scolini, C.
name: Sarkar, R.
name: Kilpua, E.
name: Asvestari, E.
name: Herbst, K.
name: Lapenta, G.
name: Chaduteau, A. D.
name: Pomoell, J.
name: Poedts, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. We present the validation results for arrival times and geomagnetic impact of Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs), using the cone and spheromak CME models implemented in EUropean Heliospheric FORecasting Information Asset (EUHFORIA). Validating numerical models is crucial in ensuring their accuracy and performance with respect to real data.
 Methods. We compare CME plasma and magnetic field signatures, measured in situ by satellites at the L1 point, with the simulation output of EUHFORIA. The validation of this model was carried out by using two datasets in order to ensure a comprehensive evaluation. The first dataset focuses on 16 CMEs that arrived at the Earth, offering specific insights into the model's accuracy in predicting arrival time and geomagnetic impact. Meanwhile, the second dataset encompasses all CMEs observed over eight months within Solar Cycle 24, regardless of whether they arrived at Earth, covering periods of both solar minimum and maximum activity. This second dataset enables a more comprehensive evaluation of the model's predictive precision in term of CME arrivals and misses.
 Results. Our results show that EUHFORIA provides good estimates in terms of arrival times, with root mean square errors (RMSE) values of 9 hours. Regarding the number of correctly predicted ICME arrivals and misses, we find a 75% probability of detection in a 12 hours time window and 100% probability of detection in a 24 hours time window. The geomagnetic impact forecasts, measured by the $K_p$ index, provide different degrees of accuracy, ranging from 31% to 69%. These results validate the use of cone and spheromak CMEs for real-time space weather forecasting.
Scale and shape dependent non-Gaussianity in the presence of inflationary vector fields
Creators: name: Almeida, Juan P. Beltran
name: Rodriguez, Yeinzon
name: Valenzuela-Toledo, Cesar A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider cosmological inflationary models in which vector fields play some role in the generation of the primordial curvature perturbation $ζ$. Such models are interesting because the involved vector fields naturally seed statistical anisotropy in the primordial fluctuations which could eventually leave a measurable imprint on the cosmic microwave background fluctuations. In this article, we estimate the scale and shape dependent effects on the non-Gaussianity (NG) parameters due to the scale dependent statistical anisotropy in the distribution of the fluctuations. For concreteness, we use a power spectrum (PS) of the fluctuations of the quadrupolar form: $P_ζ(\vec{k})\equiv P_ζ(k)[1+g_ζ(k)(\hat{n} \cdot \hat{k})^2 ]$, where $g_ζ(k)$ is the only quantity which parametrizes the level of statistical anisotropy and $\hat{n}$ is a unitary vector which points towards the preferred direction. Then, we evaluate the contribution of the running of $g_ζ(k)$ on the NG parameters by means of the $δN$ formalism. We focus specifically on the details for the $f_{\rm NL}$ NG parameter, associated with the bispectrum $B_ζ$, but the structure of higher order NG parameters is straightforward to generalize. Although the level of statistical anisotropy in the PS is severely constrained by recent observations, the importance of statistical anisotropy signals in higher order correlators remains to be determined, this being the main task that we address here. The precise measurement of the shape and scale dependence (or running) of statistical parameters such as the NG parameters and the statistical anisotropy level could provide relevant elements for model building and for the determination of the presence (or nonpresence) of inflationary vector fields and their role in the inflationary mechanism.
description: LaTex file, 19 pages, 14 figures. v2: the title has been changed a bit to reflect, in a better way, the purpose and contents of the paper. Just a few changes to satisfy the referee requirements. Conclusions unchanged. Version to be published in Physical Review D
มานุษยวิทยาการออกแบบ: การค้นหาและพัฒนาหลักการออกแบบเพื่อสังคม
Creators: name: ปรัชญา คัมภิรานนท์
name: ศุภกรณ์ ดิษฐพันธุ์
Publisher: name: สถาบันวิจัยและพัฒนา มหาวิทยาลัยศิลปากร
Year: 2561
Subjects: มานุษยวิทยาการออกแบบ
การออกแบบเพื่อสังคม
การวิจัยเชิงปฏิบัติการอย่างมีส่วนร่วม

description: วารสารมหาวิทยาลัยศิลปากร, 38, 6, 89-110
Frequency and field-dependent response of confined electrolytes from Brownian dynamics simulations
Creators: name: Minh, Thê Hoang Ngoc
name: Stoltz, Gabriel
name: Rotenberg, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using Brownian dynamics simulations, we investigate the effects of confinement, adsorption on surfaces and ion-ion interactions on the response of confined electrolyte solutions to oscillating electric fields in the direction perpendicular to the confining walls. Nonequilibrium simulations allow to characterize the transitions between linear and nonlinear regimes when varying the magnitude and frequency of the applied field but the linear response, characterized by the frequency-dependent conductivity, is more efficiently predicted from the equilibrium current fluctuations. To that end, we (rederive and) use the Green-Kubo relation appropriate for overdamped dynamics, which differs from the standard one for Newtonian or underdamped Langevin dynamics. This expression highlights the contributions of the underlying Brownian fluctuations and of the interactions of the particles between them and with external potentials. While already known in the literature, this relation has rarely been used to date, beyond the static limit to determine the effective diffusion coefficient or the DC conductivity. The frequency-dependent conductivity always decays from a bulk-like behavior at high frequency to a vanishing conductivity at low frequency due to the confinement of the charge carriers by the walls. We discuss the characteristic features of the crossover between the two regimes, most importantly how the crossover frequency depends on the confining distance and the salt concentration, and the fact that adsorption on the walls may lead to significant changes both at high- and low-frequencies. Conversely, our results illustrate the possibility to obtain information on diffusion between walls, charge relaxation and adsorption by analyzing the frequency-dependent conductivity.
description: 17 pages, 16 figures, contains appendix
Accurate estimation of the normalized mutual information of multidimensional data
Creators: name: Nagel, Daniel
name: Diez, Georg
name: Stock, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While the linear Pearson correlation coefficient represents a well-established normalized measure to quantify the interrelation of two stochastic variables $X$ and $Y$, it fails for multidimensional variables such as Cartesian coordinates. Avoiding any assumption about the underlying data, the mutual information $I(X, Y)$ does account for multidimensional correlations. However, unlike the normalized Pearson correlation, it has no upper bound ($I \in [0, \infty)$), i.e., it is not clear if say, $I = 0.4$ corresponds to a low or a high correlation. Moreover, the mutual information (MI) involves the estimation of high-dimensional probability densities (e.g., six-dimensional for Cartesian coordinates), which requires a k-nearest neighbor algorithm, such as the estimator by Kraskov et al. [Phys. Rev. E 69, 066138 (2004)]. As existing methods to normalize the MI cannot be used in connection with this estimator, a new approach is presented, which uses an entropy estimation method that is invariant under variable transformations. The algorithm is numerically efficient and does not require more effort than the calculation of the (un-normalized) MI. After validating the method by applying it to various toy models, the normalized MI between the $C_α$ -coordinates of T4 lysozyme is considered and compared to a correlation analysis of inter-residue contacts.
The Gemini NICI Planet-Finding Campaign: The Orbit of the Young Exoplanet beta Pictoris b
Creators: name: Nielsen, Eric L.
name: Liu, Michael C.
name: Wahhaj, Zahed
name: Biller, Beth A.
name: Hayward, Thomas L.
name: Males, Jared R.
name: Close, Laird M.
name: Morzinski, Katie M.
name: Skemer, Andrew J.
name: Kuchner, Marc J.
name: Rodigas, Timothy J.
name: Hinz, Philip M.
name: Chun, Mark
name: Ftaclas, Christ
name: Toomey, Douglas W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new astrometry for the young (12--21 Myr) exoplanet beta Pictoris b taken with the Gemini/NICI and Magellan/MagAO instruments between 2009 and 2012. The high dynamic range of our observations allows us to measure the relative position of beta Pic b with respect to its primary star with greater accuracy than previous observations. Based on a Markov Chain Monte Carlo analysis, we find the planet has an orbital semi-major axis of 9.1 (+5.3, -0.5) AU and orbital eccentricity <0.15 at 68% confidence (with 95% confidence intervals of 8.2--48 AU and 0.00--0.82 for semi-major axis and eccentricity, respectively, due to a long narrow degenerate tail between the two). We find that the planet has reached its maximum projected elongation, enabling higher precision determination of the orbital parameters than previously possible, and that the planet's projected separation is currently decreasing. With unsaturated data of the entire beta Pic system (primary star, planet, and disk) obtained thanks to NICI's semi-transparent focal plane mask, we are able to tightly constrain the relative orientation of the circumstellar components. We find the orbital plane of the planet lies between the inner and outer disks: the position angle (PA) of nodes for the planet's orbit (211.8 +/- 0.3 degrees) is 7.4 sigma greater than the PA of the spine of the outer disk and 3.2 sigma less than the warped inner disk PA, indicating the disk is not collisionally relaxed. Finally, for the first time we are able to dynamically constrain the mass of the primary star beta Pic to 1.76 (+0.18, -0.17) solar masses.
description: ApJ in press. The most significant addition is new analysis of NICI data strengthening the misalignment of the orbit with both disks. Notable minor changes include slightly revised orbital parameter PDFs, a comparison to Macintosh et al (2014) with generally good agreement, comparison to previous disk-planet alignment results, and improved measurement of the star's dynamical mass (10% precision)
Fewer is More: Efficient Object Detection in Large Aerial Images
Creators: name: Xie, Xingxing
name: Cheng, Gong
name: Li, Qingyang
name: Miao, Shicheng
name: Li, Ke
name: Han, Junwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Current mainstream object detection methods for large aerial images usually divide large images into patches and then exhaustively detect the objects of interest on all patches, no matter whether there exist objects or not. This paradigm, although effective, is inefficient because the detectors have to go through all patches, severely hindering the inference speed. This paper presents an Objectness Activation Network (OAN) to help detectors focus on fewer patches but achieve more efficient inference and more accurate results, enabling a simple and effective solution to object detection in large images. In brief, OAN is a light fully-convolutional network for judging whether each patch contains objects or not, which can be easily integrated into many object detectors and jointly trained with them end-to-end. We extensively evaluate our OAN with five advanced detectors. Using OAN, all five detectors acquire more than 30.0% speed-up on three large-scale aerial image datasets, meanwhile with consistent accuracy improvements. On extremely large Gaofen-2 images (29200$\times$27620 pixels), our OAN improves the detection speed by 70.5%. Moreover, we extend our OAN to driving-scene object detection and 4K video object detection, boosting the detection speed by 112.1% and 75.0%, respectively, without sacrificing the accuracy. Code is available at https://github.com/Ranchosky/OAN.
description: This manuscript is the accepted version for SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences
ว่าด้วยมืออาชีพ : พนักงานสอบสวนกับวิถีการแสวงหาพยานหลักฐานทางนิติวิทยาศาสตร์ คดีจราจร
Creators: name: โกสินทร์ หินเธาว์
name: ศุภชัย ศุภลักษณ์นารี
Publisher: name: สถาบันวิจัยและพัฒนา มหาวิทยาลัยศิลปากร
Year: 2561
Subjects: มืออาชีพ
พนักงานสอบสวน
หลักฐานทางนิติวิทยาศาสตร์
คดีจราจร

description: วารสารมหาวิทยาลัยศิลปากร, 38, 6, 111-135
สมรรถนะที่จำเป็นต่อการประกอบวิชาชีพของบัณฑิต คณะบริหารธุรกิจ ภาควิชาการจัดการทั่วไป
Creators: name: รุ่งโรจน์ สงสระบุญ
Publisher: name: สถาบันวิจัยและพัฒนา มหาวิทยาลัยศิลปากร
Year: 2561
Subjects: สมรรถนะ
บัณฑิต
คณะบริหารธุรกิจ ภาควิชาการจัดการทั่วไป

description: วารสารมหาวิทยาลัยศิลปากร, 38, 6, 136-154
The effect of the environment-dependent stellar initial mass function on the photometric properties of star-forming galaxies
Creators: name: Haslbauer, Moritz
name: Yan, Zhiqiang
name: Jerabkova, Tereza
name: Gjergo, Eda
name: Kroupa, Pavel
name: Zonoozi, Akram Hasani
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) Observational estimates of galaxy properties rely on the inherent galaxy-wide initial mass function (gwIMF), which systematically varies with the global SFR and metallicity, as proposed by the integrated-galactic IMF (IGIMF) theory and supported by empirical evidence. We incorporate PARSEC and COLIBRI stellar isochrones into the GalIMF code, a galaxy chemical evolution (GCE) model featuring real-time updates of environment-dependent gwIMFs. This newly developed photometric GalIMF (photGalIMF) code allows the calculation of photometric properties for galaxies with diverse stellar populations. Subsequently, we analyze observed luminosities and metallicities of local star-forming galaxies to deduce their stellar masses assuming that they have constant SFRs over 13.6 Gyr. We also compute SFR$-$H$α$ luminosity relations for varying stellar metallicities using a separate stellar population synthesis code based on PEGASE. Comparing the IGIMF theory to the canonical universal IMF, our analysis reveals that estimates of the stellar masses and SFRs for local star-forming galaxies differ by factors of $\approx 2$ and 10, respectively. The computed gas-depletion timescale increases with gas mass, implying lower star formation efficiencies in more massive galaxies, possibly due to stronger feedback regulation, aligning with theoretical expectations. Additionally, the characteristic stellar mass buildup timescale increases with stellar mass, indicating that massive disk galaxies initiate star formation earlier than their low-mass counterparts. The photGalIMF code enables self-consistent computations of galactic photometry, self-consistently with GCE modelling within the context of an environment-dependent gwIMF. Utilizing Ks-band and H$α$ luminosities of galaxies, the outcomes include galaxy mass, SFR, and fitting functions for the SFR correction factor.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics (A&A), 19 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables. The photGalIMF code is publicly available on GitHub: https://github.com/juzikong/photGalIMF
The Golden Age of the Romancero
Creators: name: Asensio Jiménez, Nicolás
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Fellowships
Romancero
Spanish Literature
Medieval Literature
Oral Literature
María Goyri

description: Informative article about the project The Golden Age of the Romancero: Echoes of Traditional Ballads in Medieval and Early Modern Spanish Literature (GOLDEN-Rom). Published in the open platform Medium: https://medium.com/@njasensio/the-golden-age-of-the-romancero-cc91d1d06fb1
Di-jet asymmetric momentum transported by QGP fluid
Creators: name: Tachibana, Yasuki
name: Hirano, Tetsufumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the collective flow of the {QGP}-fluid which transports the energy and momentum deposited from jets. Simulations of the propagation of jets together with expansion of the {QGP}-fluid are performed by solving relativistic hydrodynamic equations numerically in the fully (3+1)-dimensional space. Mach cones are induced by the energy-momentum deposition from jets and extended by the expansion of the {QGP}. As a result, a large fraction of the transverse momentum deposited from jets is compensated by low-$p_{T}$ particles at large angles from the jet axis. This result is consistent with the data from the {CMS} Collaboration and gives a novel interpretation of them.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, Proceeding for "6th International Conference on Hard and Electromagnetic Probes of High-Energy Nuclear Collisions (Hard Probes 2013)"
Depth-resolved Characterization of Meissner Screening Breakdown in Surface Treated Niobium
Creators: name: Thoeng, Edward
name: Asaduzzaman, Md.
name: Kolb, Philipp
name: McFadden, Ryan M. L.
name: Morris, Gerald D.
name: Ticknor, John O.
name: Dunsiger, Sarah R.
name: Karner, Victoria L.
name: Fujimoto, Derek
name: Junginger, Tobias
name: Kiefl, Robert F.
name: MacFarlane, W. Andrew
name: Li, Ruohong
name: Saminathan, Suresh
name: Laxdal, Robert E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report direct measurements of the magnetic field screening at the limits of the Meissner phase for two superconducting Nb samples. The samples are processed with two different surface treatments that have been developed for superconducting radio-frequency cavity applications -- a "baseline" treatment and an oxygen-doping ("O-doping") treatment. The measurements show: 1) that the screening length is significantly longer in the "O-doping" sample compared to the "baseline" sample; 2) that the screening length near the limits of the Meissner phase increases with applied field; 3) the evolution of the screening profile as the material transitions from the Meissner phase to the mixed phase; and 4) a demonstration of the absence of any screening profile for the highest applied field, indicative of the full flux entering the sample. Measurements are performed utilizing the $β$-detected nuclear magnetic resonance ($β$-NMR) technique that allows depth resolved studies of the local magnetic field within the first 100 nm of the surface. The study takes advantage of the $β$-SRF beamline, a new facility at TRIUMF, Canada, where field levels up to 200 mT are available parallel to the sample surface to replicate radio frequency (RF) fields near the Meissner breakdown limits of Nb.
Distribución y movimientos del tursión, Tursiops truncatus (Montagu, 1821), en la Bahía de Todos Santos, Baja California, México (Cetacea: Delphinidae) /
Creators: name: Guzón Zataraín, Oscar Ricardo
Publisher: name: Universidad Autónoma de Baja California.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: QL737 .C432 G89 2002

description: El Tursíon (Tursiops truncatus) es una de las especies de cetáceos más estudiadas en el mundo; sin embargo, son pocos los estudios realizados sobre esta especie en la costa noroccidental de Baja California.
A Survey on Federated Recommendation Systems
Creators: name: Sun, Zehua
name: Xu, Yonghui
name: Liu, Yong
name: He, Wei
name: Kong, Lanju
name: Wu, Fangzhao
name: Jiang, Yali
name: Cui, Lizhen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Federated learning has recently been applied to recommendation systems to protect user privacy. In federated learning settings, recommendation systems can train recommendation models only collecting the intermediate parameters instead of the real user data, which greatly enhances the user privacy. Beside, federated recommendation systems enable to collaborate with other data platforms to improve recommended model performance while meeting the regulation and privacy constraints. However, federated recommendation systems faces many new challenges such as privacy, security, heterogeneity and communication costs. While significant research has been conducted in these areas, gaps in the surveying literature still exist. In this survey, we-(1) summarize some common privacy mechanisms used in federated recommendation systems and discuss the advantages and limitations of each mechanism; (2) review some robust aggregation strategies and several novel attacks against security; (3) summarize some approaches to address heterogeneity and communication costs problems; (4)introduce some open source platforms that can be used to build federated recommendation systems; (5) present some prospective research directions in the future. This survey can guide researchers and practitioners understand the research progress in these areas.
Automating Thematic Analysis: How LLMs Analyse Controversial Topics
Creators: name: Khan, Awais Hameed
name: Kegalle, Hiruni
name: D'Silva, Rhea
name: Watt, Ned
name: Whelan-Shamy, Daniel
name: Ghahremanlou, Lida
name: Magee, Liam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: K.4.2

description: Large Language Models (LLMs) are promising analytical tools. They can augment human epistemic, cognitive and reasoning abilities, and support 'sensemaking', making sense of a complex environment or subject by analysing large volumes of data with a sensitivity to context and nuance absent in earlier text processing systems. This paper presents a pilot experiment that explores how LLMs can support thematic analysis of controversial topics. We compare how human researchers and two LLMs GPT-4 and Llama 2 categorise excerpts from media coverage of the controversial Australian Robodebt scandal. Our findings highlight intriguing overlaps and variances in thematic categorisation between human and machine agents, and suggest where LLMs can be effective in supporting forms of discourse and thematic analysis. We argue LLMs should be used to augment, and not replace human interpretation, and we add further methodological insights and reflections to existing research on the application of automation to qualitative research methods. We also introduce a novel card-based design toolkit, for both researchers and practitioners to further interrogate LLMs as analytical tools.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures
Black hole interiors in holographic topological semimetals
Creators: name: Gao, Ling-Long
name: Liu, Yan
name: Lyu, Hong-Da
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the black hole interiors in holographic Weyl semimetals and holographic nodal line semimetals. We find that the black hole singularities are of Kasner form. In the topologically nontrivial phase at low temperature, both the Kasner exponents of the metric fields and the proper time from the horizon to the singularity are almost constant, likely reflecting the topological nature of the topological semimetals. We also find some specific behaviors inside the horizon in each holographic semimetal model.
description: 26 pages, 8 figures, published version
Higgs Bosons from Top Quark Decays
Creators: name: Han, Tao
name: Ruiz, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In light of the discovery of a Standard Model (SM)-like Higgs boson ($h$) at the LHC, we investigate the top quark to Higgs boson transition $t\rightarrow W^{*}bh$, which is the leading $t\to h$ decay mode in the SM. We find the decay branching fraction to be $1.80\times 10^{-9}$. In comparison, the two-body, loop-induced $t\rightarrow ch$ transition occurs at $\sim10^{-14}$ in the SM. We consider the consequences of gauge invariant dimension-6 operators affecting the $t\bar{t}h$ interaction and find that the decay branching fraction may be increased by a factor of two within current constraints on the coupling parameters from collider experiments. We also extend the calculation to the CP-conserving Type I and Type II Two Higgs Doublet Models (2HDM), including both CP-even and CP-odd Higgs bosons. For neutral scalar masses at about $100$ GeV, the decay rates can be several times larger than the SM result in the allowed range of model parameters. Observation prospects at present and future colliders are briefly addressed.
description: 26 pages, 8 figures. Updated to match published version
El romancero tradicional
Creators: name: Asensio Jiménez, Nicolás
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Romancero
Spanish Literature
Medieval Literature
Spanish Philology
Oral Tradition
Oral Poetry

description: Workshop sobre «El romancero tradicional» impartido para estudiantes de bachillerato en el Instituto Español Giner de los Ríos de Lisboa el 17 de noviembre de 2022. Se adjunta la presentación.
$^6$He nucleus in halo effective field theory
Creators: name: Ji, C.
name: Elster, Ch.
name: Phillips, D. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Background: In recent years properties of light rare isotopes have been measured with high accuracy. At the same time, the theoretical description of light nuclei has made enormous progress, and properties of, e.g., the Helium isotopes can now be calculated {\it ab initio}. These advances make those rare isotopes an ideal testing ground for effective field theories (EFTs) built upon cluster degrees of freedom. Purpose: Systems with widely separated intrinsic scales are well suited to an EFT treatment. The Borromean halo nucleus $^6$He exhibits such a separation of scales. In this work an EFT in which the degrees of freedom are the valence neutrons ($n$) and an inert $^4$He-core ($α$) is employed. The properties of ${}^6$He can then be calculated using the momentum-space Faddeev equations for the $αnn$ bound state to obtain information on ${}^6$He at leading order (LO) within the EFT. Results: The $nn$ virtual state and the $^2$P$_{3/2}$ resonance in $^5$He give the two-body amplitudes which are input to our LO three-body Halo EFT calculation. We find that without a genuine three-body interaction the two-neutron separation energy $S_{2n}$ of ${}^6$He is strongly cutoff dependent. We introduce a $nn α$ "three-body" operator which renormalizes the system, adjusting its coefficient to reproduce the $S_{2n}$ of $^6$He. The Faddeev components are then cutoff independent for cutoffs of the order of, and above, the breakdown scale of the Halo EFT. Conclusions: As in the case of a three-body system where only resonant s-wave interactions are present, one three-body input is required for the renormalization of the EFT equations that describe $^6$He at LO. However, in contrast to the s-wave-only case, the running of the LO $nnα$ counterterm does not exhibit discrete scale invariance, due to the presence of the p-wave $nα$ interaction.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures, 1 table
Oscillating-mode gap: an indicator of phase transition in open quantum many-body systems
Creators: name: Haga, Taiki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It presents a significant challenge to elucidate the relationship between the phases of open quantum many-body systems and the spectral structure of their governing Liouvillian, which determines how the density matrix evolves. Previous studies have focused on the Liouvillian gap, defined as the decay rate of the most slowly-decaying mode, as a key indicator of dissipative phase transition, noting its closure in symmetry-broken phases and opening in disordered phases. In this work, we propose an additional spectral gap, termed the oscillating-mode gap, defined as the decay rate of the most slowly-decaying oscillating mode. Through the analysis of a prototype dissipative boson system, we demonstrate the necessity of both the Liouvillian gap and the oscillating-mode gap for the comprehensive characterization of the system's phases and the transitions between them.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures
Directed flow and global polarization in Au+Au collisions across energies covered by the beam energy scan at RHIC
Creators: name: Jiang, Ze-Fang
name: Wu, Xiang-Yu
name: Cao, Shanshan
name: Zhang, Ben-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the directed flow of identified particles in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_\text{NN}}=7.7$ to 62.4 GeV. The Glauber model is extended to include both a tilted deformation of the QGP fireball with respect to the longitudinal direction and a non-zero longitudinal flow velocity gradient in the initial state. By combining this improved initial condition with a (3+1)-dimensional viscous hydrodynamic model calculation, we obtain a satisfactory description of the transverse momentum spectra and the rapidity dependent directed flow coefficient of different hadron species. Our calculation indicates the sensitivity of the hadron directed flow, especially its splitting between protons and antiprotons, to both the initial geometry and the initial longitudinal flow velocity. Therefore, the combination of directed flow of different hadrons can provide a tight constraint on the initial condition of nuclear matter created in heavy-ion collisions. The initial condition extracted from the directed flow is further tested with the global polarization of $Λ$ and $\barΛ$ within the same theoretical framework, where we obtain a reasonable description of these hyperon polarization observed at different collision energies at RHIC.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures