cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Predictive Big Data Analytics For Supply Chain Through Demand Forecasting
Creators: name: Jubin Thoma
name: Piyush Patidar
name: Kirti Vinod Vedi
name: Sandeep Gupta
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: —Supply chain management (SCM) that makes useof BDA is becoming more prevalent. The wide range of SCMapplications of BDA, including demand prediction, trend analysis,and consumer behaviour, is the reason for this. This study aims toenhance precision and efficiency in demand forecasting and SCMthrough the application of BDA. Despite advancements, challengespersist such as reliance on isolated datasets, underutilisation ofadvanced machine learning models, and limited incorporation ofexternal variables. Demand forecasting, crucial for supply chaindecisions like production planning and inventory control, ishindered by demand volatility influenced by factors such aspromotions and market trends. This study leverages integrated,real-time data sources and sophisticated analytics to improveprediction accuracy and operational efficiency, thereby enablingbusinesses to better manage uncertainties in demand, supply, andcosts. The research also identifies gaps in current literature,including the need for more robust models, comprehensiveexternal variable analysis, and broader validation acrossindustries. By addressing these gaps, the research contributes to adevelopment of more resilient and responsive supply chains.
D9.5 Data management plan
Creators: name: Knußmann, Janina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: DMP
Data management plan
FAIR
5G
6G
trial site

description: The TARGET-X Data Management Plan (DMP) deliverable shows how the consortium partners generated and/or collected data and scientific publications are to be stored, maintained, and disseminated. The DMP serves as a guiding document for data management and is a living document that the project partners will update to reflect the changes in the generated/collected data.
Signature of Non-uniform Area Quantization on Black Hole Echoes
Creators: name: Chakravarti, Kabir
name: Ghosh, Rajes
name: Sarkar, Sudipta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A classical black hole is characterized by a horizon that absorbs radiation of all frequencies incident on it. Perturbation of these black holes is well-understood via exponentially damped sinusoids known as quasi-normal modes. Any departure from such classical behavior near the horizon may induce significant modifications in the late time evolution of the perturbation leading to so-called gravitational wave echoes. This work considers the effect of black hole area-quantization on the formation of gravitational wave echoes. We investigate how the resulting echo waveform may depend on various model parameters. Our study opens up a new window to distinguish different models of area quantization using future gravitational wave observations and provides a novel probe to study the near horizon physics.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Tracing Accretion onto Herbig Ae/Be Stars Using the Brγ Line
Creators: name: Grant, Sierra L.
name: Espaillat, Catherine C.
name: Brittain, Sean
name: Scott-Joseph, Caleb
name: Calvet, Nuria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accretion plays an important role in protoplanetary disk evolution, and it is thought that the accretion mechanism changes between low- and high-mass stars. Here, we characterize accretion in intermediate-mass, pre-main-sequence Herbig Ae/Be (HAeBe) stars to search for correlations between accretion and system properties. We present new high-resolution, near-infrared spectra from the Immersion GRating INfrared Spectrograph for 102 HAeBes and analyze the accretion-tracing Br$γ$ line at 2.166 $μ$m. We also include the samples of Fairlamb et al. and Donehew & Brittain, for a total of 155 targets. We find a positive correlation between the Br$γ$ and stellar luminosity, with a change in the slope between the Herbig Aes and Herbig Bes. We use $L_{Brγ}$ to determine the accretion luminosity and accretion rate. We find that the accretion luminosity and rate depend on stellar mass and age; however, the trend disappears when normalizing the accretion luminosity by the stellar luminosity. We classify the objects into flared (Group I) or flat (Group II) disks and find that there is no trend with accretion luminosity or rate, indicating that the disk dust structure is not impacting accretion. We test for Br$γ$ variability in objects that are common to our sample and previous studies. We find that the Br$γ$ line equivalent width is largely consistent between the literature observations and those that we present here, except in a few cases where we may be seeing changes in the accretion rate.
description: Accepted to ApJ, 29 pages, 16 figures, 4 tables
Supplementary document for Platform-agnostic waveguide integration of high-speed photodetectors with evaporated tellurium thin films - 6241060.pdf
Creators: name: Ahn, Geun Ho
name: White, Alexander
name: Kim, Hyungjin
name: Higashitarumizu, Naoki
name: Mayor, Felix
name: Herrmann, Jason
name: Jiang, Wentao
name: Multani, Kevin
name: Safavi-Naeini, Amir
name: Javey, Ali
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplement document zip file from overleaf.
Localized magnetic field in the $O(N)$ model
Creators: name: Cuomo, Gabriel
name: Komargodski, Zohar
name: Mezei, Márk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the critical $O(N)$ model in the presence of an external magnetic field localized in space. This setup can potentially be realized in quantum simulators and in some liquid mixtures. The external field can be understood as a relevant perturbation of the trivial line defect, and thus triggers a defect Renormalization Group (RG) flow. In agreement with the $g$-theorem, the external localized field leads at long distances to a stable nontrivial defect CFT (DCFT) with $g<1$. We obtain several predictions for the corresponding DCFT data in the epsilon expansion and in the large $N$ limit. The analysis of the large $N$ limit involves a new saddle point and, remarkably, the study of fluctuations around it is enabled by recent progress in AdS loop diagrams. Our results are compatible with results from Monte Carlo simulations and we make several predictions that can be tested in the future.
description: 50 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables v2 minor typos fixed, references updated, matches journal
$CP$-violating observables in four-body $B\rightarrow ϕ(\rightarrow K\bar K)K^*(\rightarrow Kπ)$ decays
Creators: name: Zhang, Chao-Qi
name: Li, Jia-Ming
name: Jia, Meng-Kun
name: Li, Ya
name: Rui, Zhou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the four-body $B\rightarrow ϕ(\rightarrow K\bar K)K^*(\rightarrow Kπ)$ decays in the perturbative QCD approach,where the invariant mass of $K\bar K$($Kπ$) system is limited in a window of $\pm 15$ MeV ($\pm150$ MeV) around the $ϕ(K^*(892))$ mass.In addition to the P wave resonances,two important S wave backgrounds in the selected invariant mass region are also accounted for. Angular momentum conservation allows six helicity amplitudes to contribute,including three P waves, two single S waves,and one double S wave. We calculated the branching ratio for each component and found sizable S wave contributions,coincide with the experimental observation.The obtained branching ratios of $B^{0(+)}\rightarrow ϕK^{*0(+)}$ are comparable with the previous predictions and support the measurements, whereas the predicted $\mathcal{B}(B^0_s\rightarrow ϕ\bar K^{*0})$ is smaller than the world average. The longitudinal polarizations are predicted to be around 0.7,consistent with previous PQCD results but larger than the data. Aside from the direct CP asymmetries,the true and fake triple product asymmetries(TPAs) are calculated in this work. In the case of neutral modes, both direct CP asymmetries and true TPAs are expected to be zero due to the vanishing weak phase difference. The direct CP asymmetries for the $B^+$ mode are predicted to be tiny,since the tree contributions are suppressed with respect to the penguin ones. The true asymmetries have shown no significant deviations from zero.In contrast,large fake asymmetries are observed in these decays,indicating the presence of significant final state interactions.We give the predictions of the S wave induced TPAs for the first time,which is consistent with LHCb data and would be checked with future measurements from Belle and BABAR experiments if the S wave components can be properly taken into account in angular analysis.
description: 21 pages, 2 figures, 10 tables
Karenia mikimotoi
Creators: name: Kakkonen, Jenni E.
name: Worsfold, Tim M.
name: Ashelby, Christopher W.
name: Taylor, Andrea
name: Beaton, Katy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Myzozoa
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadidae
Karenia
Karenia mikimotoi

description: (16) Karenia mikimotoi (Miyake and Kominami ex Oda)
Gert Hansen and Ø. Moestrup, 2000
Status in U.K. – cryptogenic.
During the surveys considered here, Karenia mikimotoi has been recorded from Scapa Flow on a single occasion, from a phytoplankton sample in 2015. However, it has frequently been identified in Scottish waters and was responsible for significant blooms recorded in 1999, 2003 and 2006 in Orkney and surrounding waters (Davidson et al. 2009). It was described from Japan and has a near cosmopolitan distribution. Based on this, Streftaris et al. (2005) regarded it as non-native in Europe and Minchin (2007a) likewise regarded it as non-native in Ireland. Hégaret et al. (2008) consider that relocation of bivalve molluscs for aquaculture represents a potential vector for its spread and van den Bergh et al. (2002) likewise suggest
that transplantation of Japanese oysters to France from 1966 onwards may have aided its invasion. Transport in ballast water represents another potential vector. However, contrary to these opinions, Gómez (2008) simply regarded K. mikimotoi as cosmopolitan and likely transported by water currents. Given this conflict we herein regard it as cryptogenic pending further investigation.
description: Published as part of Kakkonen, Jenni E., Worsfold, Tim M., Ashelby, Christopher W., Taylor, Andrea & Beaton, Katy, 2019, The value of regular monitoring and diverse sampling techniques to assess aquatic non-native species: a case study from Orkney, pp. 46-79 in Management of Biological Invasions 10 (1) on pages 53-55, DOI: 10.3391/mbi.2019.10.1.04, http://zenodo.org/record/11969078
Subsonic Wind Accretion
Creators: name: Gruzinov, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rate of subsonic wind accretion (accretion on a point Newtonian mass moving through uniform gas) is shown to be independent of the wind velocity and equal to the spherical Bondi rate -- for the adiabatic index equal to 5/3. A (very accurate) numerical calculation of the accretion flow, confirming this result, is also presented.
description: 3 pages
Take special care of animals in hot weather
Creators: name: Dr. Deepak Kumar Chaurasia
Publisher: name: The Science world a Monthly e magazine
Year: 2024

description: Special care needs to be taken during the summer months. Because in extremely hot weather, when the temperature of the atmosphere reaches 42-48 ° C and the hot heat waves begin to move, the animals come under pressure. This pressure condition has a bad effect on the digestive system and milk production capacity of the animals. The slightest carelessness in taking care of new born animals while rearing in summer can have a lasting effect on their future physical growth, health, disease resistance and productivity. There is a great need to take precautions to protect the livestock from the ill-effects of extreme heat, heat and temperature. In the days of summer, the effect of strong hot weather and strong hot winds affects the normal routine of the animals. Special management and measures need to be taken to keep the livestock safe in extreme heat conditions, in which attention needs to be paid to cool and shady animal habitats, clean drinking water, etc. The following measures should be taken to take care of milch and new born animals while rearing in summer.
How do the finite-size particles modify the drag in Taylor-Couette turbulent flow
Creators: name: Wang, Cheng
name: Yi, Lei
name: Jiang, Linfeng
name: Sun, Chao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally investigate the drag modification by neutrally buoyant finite-size particles with various aspect ratios in a Taylor-Couette (TC) turbulent flow. The current Reynolds number, $Re$, ranges from $6.5\times10^3$ to $2.6\times10^4$, and the particle volume fraction, $Φ$, is up to $10\%$. Particles with three kinds of aspect ratio, $λ$, are used: $λ=1/3$ (oblate), $λ=1$ (spherical) and $λ=3$ (prolate). Unlike the case of bubbly TC flow, we find that the suspended finite-size particles increase the drag of the TC system regardless of their aspect ratios. In addition, the normalized friction coefficient, $c_{f,Φ}/c_{f,Φ=0}$, decreases with increasing $Re$, the reason could be that in the current low volume fractions the turbulent stress becomes dominant at higher $Re$. As $Re$ increases, the particles distribute more evenly in the entire system, which results from both the greater turbulence intensity and the more pronounced finite-size effects of the particles at higher $Re$. Moreover, it is found that the variation of the particle aspect ratios leads to different particle collective effects. The suspended spherical particles, which tend to cluster near the walls and form a particle layer, significantly affect the boundary layer and result in maximum drag modification. The minimal drag modification is found in the oblate case, where the particles preferentially cluster in the bulk region, and thus the particle layer is absent. Based on the optical measurement results, it can be concluded that, in the low volume fraction ranges ($Φ=0.5\%$ and $Φ= 2\%$ here), the larger drag modification is connected to the near-wall particle clustering. The present findings suggest that the particle shape plays a significant role in drag modification.
Prices of Farm Products in the United States
Creators: name: Warren, G. F.
name: Warren, G. F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1921
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Demand and Price Analysis
Livestock Production/Industries
Productivity Analysis

description: Excerpts from the report: No price is high or low except by comparison. If the price of product has been cut in half it does not mean that the product is necessarily cheap. One must know the general price level in order to make comparisons. The Bureau of Labor Statistics of the Department of Labor publishes an index number of wholesale prices each month. Prices of 328 commodities are obtained and by comparison with previous prices an index number showing the general price level is prepared. Index numbers of wholesale prices since 1791 are shown in Table I. (See also fig. 1.) By comparing prices with the general price level one can judge them fairly accurately. Compared with the five-year average before the war, wholesale prices in 1918 had doubled, or were represented by 200. Many commodities were higher and many lower than this figure would indicate. Any product that had not doubled in price was then relatively cheap. Any product that had more than doubled was relatively high priced.
Long-term photometric and low-resolution spectroscopic analysis of five contact binaries
Creators: name: Panchal, Alaxender
name: Joshi, Yogesh C.
name: De Cat, Peter
name: Tiwari, Sugriva Nath
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A photometric and spectroscopic investigation is performed on five W Ursae Majoris eclipsing binaries (EWs) J015818.6+260247 (hereinafter as J0158b), J073248.4+405538 (hereinafter as J0732), J101330.8+494846 (hereinafter as J1013), J132439.8+130747 (hereinafter as J1324) and J152450.7+245943 (hereinafter as J1524). The photometric data are collected with the help of the 1.3\,m Devasthal Fast Optical Telescope (DFOT), the 1.04\,m Sampurnanand Telescope (ST) and the TESS space mission. The low-resolution spectra of the 4\,m Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) are used for spectroscopic analysis. The orbital period change of these systems is determined using our and previously available photometric data from different surveys. The orbital period of J1013 and J1524 is changing with a rate of $-2.552(\pm0.249)\times 10^{-7}$ days $yr^{-1}$ and $-6.792(\pm0.952)\times 10^{-8}$ days $yr^{-1}$, respectively, while others do not show any orbital period change. The orbital period change of J1013 and J1524 corresponds to a mass transfer rate of $2.199\times10^{-7} M_{\odot}\,yr^{-1}$ and $6.151\times10^{-8}M_{\odot}\,yr^{-1}$ from the primary to the secondary component in these systems. It is likely that angular momentum loss via magnetic braking may also be responsible for the observed orbital period change in the case of J1524. All systems have a mass-ratio lower than 0.5, except J0158b with a mass-ratio of 0.71. All the systems are shallow type contact binaries. The J0158b and J1524 are A-subtype while others are W-subtype. The $H_α$ emission line region is compared with template spectra prepared using two inactive stars with the help of STARMOD program. The J0158, J1324 and J1524 systems show excess emission in the residual spectra after subtraction of the template.
description: 20 Pages, 13 Figures, 7 Tables
Project Managers' Leadership Quality and Project Success in Construction Industry: The Case of Category A Construction Firms in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Amanuel Haile
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between leadership competences of project managers and project success of construction projects undertaken by big construction companies in Ethiopia. The study adopted cross-sectional survey descriptive research with quantitative approach to test the research hypotheses. Using systematic random sampling, a sample of Fourteen (14) category A construction companies that have been implementing construction projects in recent years was selected. Forty two (42) project managers/leaders were obtained as a sample for the study. The result shows that project managers’ emotional (EQ) and managerial (MQ) competences of leadership have statistically significant positive relationship with project success. However, no statistically significant relationship was found between project managers’ intellectual (IQ) competence and project success. The overall finding of this study suggests that project manager leadership competences play important roles in achieving project success. The study recommends that companies should consider leadership competences when recruiting and assigning project managers for projects.
Extreme Beam-forming with Impedance Metasurfaces Featuring Embedded Sources and Auxiliary Surface Wave Optimization
Creators: name: Xu, Gengyu
name: Ataloglou, Vasileios G.
name: Hum, Sean V.
name: Eleftheriades, George V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the end-to-end design of compact passive and lossless metasurface (MTS) antennas with integrated feeds. The complete low-profile system consists of a single-layered reactive impedance MTS printed on top of a grounded dielectric substrate, and is fed by sources which are embedded inside the substrate. An accurate and efficient volume-surface integral equation-based model of the device is developed, and used as the basis for the rapid optimization of its performance. The optimized designs leverage tailored auxiliary surface waves supported by the impedance MTS to distribute the localized source power across their apertures. This facilitates the realization of extreme field transformations such as wide-angle beam-forming or shared-aperture beam-forming, with nearly 100% aperture efficiencies. The procedure also allows for arbitrary beam-shaping with complete main beam and side lobe control. We also derive several feasibility-related constraints, which can significantly enhance the power efficiency as well as the bandwidth of the MTS antennas when they are implemented in practice. Full-wave numerical simulations confirm the effectiveness of the presented approach, as well as the extreme field transformation capabilities of the synthesized designs.
Supplementary Materials from Spatial and seasonal variation in thermal sensitivity within North American bird species
Creators: name: Cohen, Jeremy M.
name: Fink, Daniel
name: Zuckerberg, Benjamin
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310399
subject: Ecology not elsewhere classified

description: Responses of wildlife to climate change are typically quantified at the species level, but physiological evidence suggests significant intraspecific variation in thermal sensitivity given adaptation to local environments and plasticity required to adjust to seasonal environments. Spatial and temporal variation in thermal responses may carry important implications for climate change vulnerability; for instance, sensitivity to extreme weather may increase in specific regions or seasons. Here, we leverage high-resolution observational data from eBird to understand regional and seasonal variation in thermal sensitivity for 21 bird species. Across their ranges, most birds demonstrated regional and seasonal variation in both thermal peak and range, or the temperature and range of temperatures when observations peaked. Some birds demonstrated constant thermal peaks or ranges across their geographical distributions, while others varied according to local and current environmental conditions. Across species, birds typically demonstrated either geographical or seasonal adaptation to climate. Local adaptation and phenotypic plasticity are likely important but neglected aspects of organismal responses to climate change.
Mapa de localização_Sub-Bacia ribeirão Graipu_Guanhães/ MG.
Creators: name: Elisangela Cristina Da Silva Costa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: ribeirão Graipu
Guanhães

description: Mapa de localização_Sub-Bacia ribeirão Graipu_Guanhães/ MG, apresentado como produto técnico da dissertação de mestrado, da aluna Elisangela Cristina da Silva Costa, do Instituto Federal de Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado de Minas Gerais.
Excess Noise in High-Current Diamond Diodes -- Physical Mechanisms and Implications for Reliability Assessment
Creators: name: Ghosh, Subhajit
name: Surdi, Harshad
name: Kargar, Fariborz
name: Koeck, Franz A.
name: Rumyantsev, Sergey
name: Goodnick, Stephen
name: Nemanich, Robert
name: Balandin, Alexander A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report results of an investigation of low-frequency excess noise in high-current diamond diodes. It was found that the electronic excess noise of the diamond diodes is dominated by generation - recombination noise, which reveals itself either as Lorentzian spectral features or as a 1/f noise spectrum (f is the frequency). The generation - recombination bulges are characteristic for diamond diodes with lower turn-on voltages. The noise spectral density dependence on forward current, I, reveals three distinctive regions in all examined devices - it scales as I^2 at the low (I<10 uA) and high (I>10 mA) currents, and, rather unusually, remain nearly constant at the intermediate current range. The characteristic trap time constants, extracted from the noise data, reveal a uniquely strong dependence on current. Interestingly, the performance of the diamond diodes improves with increasing temperature. The obtained results are important for development of noise spectroscopy-based approaches for device reliability assessment for the high-power diamond electronics.
description: 17 pages; 4 figures
Strong Ly$α$ Emission in an Overdense Region at $z=6.8$: A Very Large ($R\sim3$ physical Mpc) Ionized Bubble in COSMOS?
Creators: name: Endsley, Ryan
name: Stark, Daniel P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our understanding of reionization has advanced considerably over the past decade, with several results now demonstrating that the IGM transitioned from substantially neutral at $z=7$ to largely reionized at $z=6$. However, little remains known about the sizes of ionized bubbles at $z\gtrsim7$ as well as the galaxy overdensities which drive their growth. Fortunately, rest-UV spectroscopic observations offer a pathway towards characterizing these ionized bubbles thanks to the resonant nature of Lyman-alpha photons. In a previous work, we presented Ly$α$ detections from three closely-separated Lyman-break galaxies at $z\simeq6.8$, suggesting the presence of a large ($R>1$ physical Mpc) ionized bubble in the 1.5 deg$^2$ COSMOS field. Here, we present new deep Ly$α$ spectra of ten UV-bright ($\mathrm{M}_{\mathrm{UV}}^{} \leq -20.4$) $z\simeq6.6-6.9$ galaxies in the surrounding area, enabling us to better characterize this potential ionized bubble. We confidently detect (S/N$>$7) Ly$α$ emission at $z=6.701-6.882$ in nine of ten observed galaxies, revealing that the large-scale volume spanned by these sources (characteristic radius $R = 3.2$ physical Mpc) traces a strong galaxy overdensity ($N/\langle N\rangle \gtrsim 3$). Our data additionally confirm that the Ly$α$ emission of UV-bright galaxies in this volume is significantly enhanced, with 40% (4/10) showing strong Ly$α$ emission (equivalent width$>$25 $\mathrm{\mathring{A}}$) compared to the 8$-$9% found on average at $z\sim7$. The median Ly$α$ equivalent width of our observed galaxies is also $\approx$2$\times$ that typical at $z\sim7$, consistent with expectations if a very large ($R\sim3$ physical Mpc) ionized bubble is allowing the Ly$α$ photons to cosmologically redshift far into the damping wing before encountering HI.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables. Accepted in MNRAS with minor revisions
Wiedervernässungen und Renaturierung der Moore als Beitrag zum Klimaschutz
Creators: name: Breckle, Siegmar-W.
Publisher: name: Universität Hamburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: Peatlands, rewettings of peatlands, renaturation of the peatlands, cultivation on peat soils, reduce the emission, Wet culture (paludiculture)

description: Rewettings and renaturation of the peatlands (fens and bogs) as a contribution to climate protection: The peatlands store about 550 billion tons of carbon in the form of peat, which corresponds to about 30% of the global soil carbon on only 3% of the earth's surface. The release of this C storage through cultivation on peat soils is one of the greatest climate sins. Rewetting of peat areas and agriculturally used or drained peat soils can greatly reduce the emission of climate-damaging gases (CO2, CH4, N2O) or in some cases even contribute to C storage. Wet culture (paludiculture) enables the further use of moorland. The most important measure, however, remains the preservation of the moor areas that exist in all humid areas worldwide.
Entropy-Variance curves of binary sequences generated by random substitutions of constant length
Creators: name: Nuño, Juan Carlos
name: Muñoz, Francisco J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60C05 (Primary) 11K31 (Secondary)

description: We study some properties of binary sequences generated by random substitutions of constant length. Specifically, assuming the alphabet $\{0,1\}$, we consider the following asymmetric substitution rule of length $k$: $0 \to \langle 0, 0, \ldots,0\rangle$ and $1 \to \langle Y_1, Y_2, \ldots, Y_k \rangle$, where $Y_i$ is a Bernoulli random variable with parameter $p \in [0,1]$. We obtain by recurrence the discrete probability distribution of the stochastic variable that counts the number of ones in the sequence formed after a number $i$ of substitutions (iterations). We derive its first two statistical moments, mean and variance, and the entropy of the generated sequences as a function of the substitution length $k$ for any successive iteration $i$, and characterize the values of $p$ where the maxima of these measures occur. Finally, we obtain the parametric curves entropy-variance for each iteration and substitution length. We find two regimes of dependence between these two variables that, to our knowledge, have not been previously described. Besides, it allows to compare sequences with the same entropy but different variance and vice versa.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures
A Note On Local Regularity of Axisymmetric Solutions to the Navier-Stokes Equations
Creators: name: Seregin, Gregory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In the paper, a new {\it slightly supercritical} condition, providing {\it local} regularity of axially symmetric solutions to the non-stationary 3D Navier-Stokes equations, is discussed. It generalises almost all known results in the local regularity theory of weak axisymmetric solutions.
description: 20 pages
Do blue galaxy-clusters have hot intracluster gas?
Creators: name: Misato, Rana
name: Toba, Yoshiki
name: Ota, Naomi
name: Yamamoto, Naoaki
name: Kodama, Tadayuki
name: Okabe, Nobuhiro
name: Oguri, Masamune
name: Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present herein a systematic X-ray analysis of blue galaxy-clusters at $z=0.84$ discovered by the Subaru telescope. The sample consisted of 43 clusters identified by combining red-sequence and blue-cloud surveys, covering a wide range of emitter fractions (i.e., 0.3--0.8). The spatial extent of the over-density region of emitter galaxies was approximately 1~Mpc in radius. The average cluster mass was estimated as $0.6 (<1.5)\times10^{14}~{\rm M_\odot}$ from the stacked weak-lensing measurement. We analyzed the XMM-Newton archival data, and measured the X-ray luminosity of the hot intracluster medium. As a result, diffuse X-ray emission was marginally detected in 14 clusters, yielding an average luminosity of $5\times 10^{42}~{\rm erg\,s^{-1}}$. On the contrary, it was not significant in 29 clusters. The blue clusters were significantly fainter than the red-dominated clusters, and the X-ray luminosity did not show any meaningful correlation either with emitter fraction or richness. The X-ray surface brightness was low, but the amount of gas mass was estimated to be comparable to that observed in the $10^{13-14}~{\rm M_{\odot}}$ cluster. Based on the results, we suggest that the blue clusters are at the early formation stage, and the gas is yet to be compressed and heated up to produce appreciable X-rays. Follow-up spectroscopic measurements are essential to clarify the dynamical status and co-evolution of galaxies and hot gas in the blue clusters.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, PASJ accepted
Sky Brightness evaluation at Concordia Station - Dome C, Antarctica for ground-based observations of the Solar Corona
Creators: name: Liberatore, Alessandro
name: Capobianco, Gerardo
name: Fineschi, Silvano
name: Massone, Giuseppe
name: Zangrilli, Luca
name: Susino, Roberto
name: Nicolini, Gianalfredo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evaluation of sky characteristics plays a fundamental role for many astrophysical experiments and ground-based observations. In solar physics, the main requirement for such observations is a very low sky brightness value, that is, less than one-millionth of the solar disk brightness. Few places match such requirement for ground-based, out-of-eclipse coronagraphic measurements. A candidate coronagraphic site is the Dome C plateau in Antarctica. In this paper, we show the first results of the sky brightness measurements at Dome C with the Extreme Solar Coronagraphy Antarctic Program Experiment (ESCAPE) at Italian-French Concordia Station, on Dome C, Antarctica (3300 m) during the summer XXXIV and XXXV Expeditions of the "Italian Piano Nazionale Ricerche Antartiche" (PNRA). The sky brightness measurements were carried out with the internally-occulted Antarctic coronagraph - AntarctiCor. In optimal atmospheric conditions, the sky brightness of Dome C has reached values of the order of 1.0 to 0.7 millionth of of the solar disk brightness.
Prevalence of vision conditions in children in a very remote Australian community
Creators: name: Read, Scott A
name: Hopkins, Shelley
name: Black, Alex A
name: Bentley, Sharon A
name: Scott, John
name: Wood, Joanne M
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Understanding the prevalence of vision conditions in a population is critical for determining the most appropriate strategies for detecting and correcting eye conditions in a community. This is particularly important in very remote regions where access to vision testing services is limited. Although recent studies have provided detailed analyses of the prevalence of vision conditions in Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander children in urban and regional areas of Australia, there is a paucity of research examining vision conditions in children in remote regions. Importantly, a significant proportion of the population in remote and very remote regions identify as Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander people. Comprehensive eye examinations were provided to 193 primary school children in a very remote Australian region. Ninety eight percent of children identified as Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander. The eye examination included measures of visual acuity, cycloplegic autorefraction, binocular vision and accommodative function, ocular health and colour vision. Previous history of eye examinations and refractive correction were assessed through parental questionnaire. Although the average unaided vision in the population was good (mean: 0.02 ± 0.13 logMAR) and the prevalence of reduced unaided visual acuity (>0.3 logMAR in either eye) was low (4%), vision conditions were detected in 32% of children. The most common conditions were clinically significant refractive errors (18% of children) and binocular vision or accommodative disorders (16%). Of the total population of children tested, 10% had previously had an eye examination, and 2% were reported to have previously been prescribed spectacles. In this population of children in a very remote Australian region, up to 1 in 3 children had a vision condition, with many of these conditions being uncorrected and undetected. These findings highlight the important need for additional resources to be made available to very remote communities for the detection and correction of vision conditions in childhood.
Parallel waves in Einstein-non linear sigma models
Creators: name: Bonga, Béatrice
name: Dotti, Gustavo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a family of solutions of Einstein-non linear sigma models with $S^2$ and $SU(2) \sim S^3$ target manifolds. In the $S^2$ case, the solutions are smooth everywhere, free of conical singularities, and approach asymptotically the metric of a cosmic string, with a mass per length that is proportional to the absolute value of the winding number from topological spheres onto the target $S^2$. This gives an interesting example of a relation between a mass and a topological charge. The case with target $SU(2)$ generalizes the stationary solution found in Eur. Phys. J. C (2021) 81:55 to parallel waves with a non-planar wavefront $\mathcal{W}$. We prove that these $\mathcal{W}$-fronted parallel waves are sub-quadratic in the classification in Class. Quant. Grav. \textbf{20} (2003) 2275, and thus causally well behaved. These spacetimes have a non-vanishing baryon current and their geometry has many striking features.
description: Final version, to appear in PRD
Geographic access to eye health services in Aotearoa New Zealand: which communities are being left behind?
Creators: name: Ramke, Jacqueline
name: Zhao, Jinfeng
name: Wilson, Oliver
name: Lee, Arier
name: Dakin, Steven
name: Watene, Renata
name: Cunningham, William
name: Harwood, Matire
name: Black, Joanna
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Efforts to provide accessible eye care must consider the extent to which travel-distance may be a barrier for some communities. This study aimed to determine the distribution of — and geographic access to — eye health services in Aotearoa New Zealand. We further sought to identify communities who might benefit from provision of eye health services that were more geographically accessible. We obtained addresses of optometry and ophthalmology clinics from regulatory bodies and augmented this with online searches. Address locators were created using a Land Information dataset and geocoded using ArcGIS 10.6. A national population was derived using Statistics New Zealand’s Integrated Data Infrastructure. We generated population-weighted centroids of each of New Zealand’s 50,938 meshblocks and calculated the travel distance along the road network between each clinic and population (meshblock centroid). The proportion of the population living >50 km from each clinic type was calculated; as was the median, inter-quartile range and maximum distance across area-level deprivation quintiles in each district. A national population of 4.88 million was identified, as were addresses for 344 optometry, 46 public ophthalmology and 90 private ophthalmology clinics. Nationally and within each district, travel distance to optometry was shorter than to either type of ophthalmology clinic. The region of Northland — with a high proportion of the population Māori and in the highest quintile of area-level deprivation — had the furthest average distance to travel to optometry and public ophthalmology, while the West Coast region on the South Island had the farthest to travel to private ophthalmology. Several communities were identified where longer distances intersected with higher area-level deprivation. Most New Zealanders live within 10 km of eye health services. However, to achieve equitable eye health, strategies are required that make affordable eye health services accessible to communities for whom large travel distances intersect with high deprivation.
Feasibility of providing collaborative glaucoma care from a community optometry perspective: a mixed-methods assessment
Creators: name: Maurin, Roxanne
name: Deltetto, Irene
name: Keay, Lisa
name: Huang-Lung, Jessie
name: Taylor, Colman
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Despite evidence showing that optometry-led collaborative glaucoma care can be delivered at reduced cost compared to ophthalmology-based care without compromising patient outcomes, such models of care are not widely practiced in Australia. Ensuring glaucoma patients have equitable access to effective and cost-effective care is a matter of public health importance. This study examined the feasibility and business case assessment for providing glaucoma care from a community optometry perspective. Nine optometrists were interviewed in a semi-structured format, focusing on the economic feasibility, barriers, and benefits of collaborative glaucoma care. The Consolidated Framework for Intervention Research was used for thematic data analysis. Costs and revenues associated with providing glaucoma care were sourced from the literature and interviews. A business case model assessing the profitability of glaucoma care in optometric practice was developed. Thematic analysis revealed concerns over financial viability such that current Medicare Benefits Schedule fees are not sufficient to justify the cost of running a community optometry glaucoma clinic. All participants received a supplementary source of revenue. This finding was confirmed by the business case assessment. Inter-professional trust was perceived to be a key barrier to initiation of collaborative care however was able to be overcome quickly upon commencement of a collaborative care relationship. Optometrists perceived that collaborative care was beneficial to all involved, including patients, ophthalmologists, optometrists, and health payers. There was a perception of a growing divide between clinical and retail optometry, which was thought by most participants to be appropriate. This study is the first to explore the feasibility and business case for community-based optometrists to provide collaborative glaucoma care in Australia. Our findings show that current public funding is insufficient to justify the business case to private optometry practice, despite being perceived by optometrists as beneficial to all involved.
Current Challenges in Cepheid Distance Calibrations Using Gaia EDR3
Creators: name: Owens, Kayla A.
name: Freedman, Wendy L.
name: Madore, Barry F.
name: Lee, Abigail J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using parallaxes from Gaia Early Data Release 3 (EDR3), we determine multi-wavelength BVI, JHK, and [3.6] & [4.5] micron absolute magnitudes for 37 nearby Milky Way Cepheids, covering the period range between 5 and 60 days. We apply these period-luminosity relations to Cepheids in the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds, and find that the derived distances are significantly discrepant with the geometric distances according to detached eclipsing binaries (DEBs). We explore several potential causes of these issues, including reddening, metallicity, and the existence of an additional zero-point offset, but none provide a sufficient reconciliation with both DEB distances. We conclude that the combination of the systematic uncertainties on the EDR3 parallaxes with the uncertainties on the effect of metallicity on the Cepheid distance scale leads to a systematic error floor of approximately 3%. We therefore find that the EDR3 data is not sufficiently accurate in the regime of these bright Cepheids to determine extragalactic distances precise to the 1% level at this time, in agreement with a number of contemporary studies.
description: 23 pages, 9 figures, 11 tables. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Properties of Type Ibn Supernovae: Implications for the Progenitor Evolution and the Origin of a Population of Rapid Transients
Creators: name: Maeda, Keiichi
name: Moriya, Takashi J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Type Ibn Supernovae (SNe Ibn) show signatures of strong interaction between the SN ejecta and hydrogen-poor circumstellar matter (CSM). Deriving the ejecta and CSM properties of SNe Ibn provides a great opportunity to study the final evolution of massive stars. In the present work, we present a light curve (LC) model for the ejecta-CSM interaction, taking into account the processes in which the high-energy photons originally created at the forward and reverse shocks are converted to the observed emission in the optical. The model is applied to a sample of SNe Ibn and `SN Ibn' rapidly evolving transients. We show that the characteristic post-peak behavior commonly seen in the SN Ibn LCs, where a slow decay is followed by a rapid decay, is naturally explained by the transition of the forward-shock property from cooling to adiabatic regime without introducing a change in the CSM density distribution. The (commonly-found) slope in the rapid decay phase indicates a steep CSM density gradient (rho_CSM ~ r^{-3}), inferring a rapid increase in the mass-loss rate toward the SN as a generic properties of the SN Ibn progenitors. From the derived ejecta and CSM properties, we argue that massive Wolf-Rayet stars with the initial mass of >~ 18 Msun can be a potential class of the progenitors. The present work also indicates existence of currently missing population of UV-bright rapid transients for which the final mass-loss rate is lower than the optical SNe Ibn, which can be efficiently probed by future UV missions.
description: 30 pages, 12 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ. A few typos and references corrected/updated