cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Exotic Compact Objects and How to Quench their Ergoregion Instability
Creators: name: Maggio, Elisa
name: Pani, Paolo
name: Ferrari, Valeria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational-wave astronomy can give us access to the structure of black holes, potentially probing microscopic or even Planckian corrections at the horizon scale, as those predicted by some quantum-gravity models of exotic compact objects. A generic feature of these models is the replacement of the horizon by a reflective surface. Objects with these properties are prone to the so-called ergoregion instability when they spin sufficiently fast. We investigate in detail a simple model consisting of scalar perturbations of a Kerr geometry with a reflective surface near the horizon. The instability depends on the spin, on the compactness, and on the reflectivity at the surface. The instability time scale increases only logarithmically in the black-hole limit and, for a perfectly reflecting object, this is not enough to prevent the instability from occurring on dynamical time scales. However, we find that an absorption rate at the surface as small as 0.4% (reflectivity coefficient as large as $|{\cal R}|^2=0.996$) is sufficient to quench the instability completely. Our results suggest that exotic compact objects are not necessarily ruled out by the ergoregion instability.
description: v3: 14 pages, 9 figures; further clarifications added, new appendix on the superspinar case, results unchanged. Accepted in Phys. Rev. D
Photometric and spectroscopic analysis of the Type II SN 2020jfo with a short plateau
Creators: name: Ailawadhi, B.
name: Dastidar, R.
name: Misra, K.
name: Roy, R.
name: Hiramatsu, D.
name: Howell, D. A.
name: Brink, T. G.
name: Zheng, W.
name: Galbany, L.
name: Shahbandeh, M.
name: Arcavi, I.
name: Ashall, C.
name: Bostroem, K. A.
name: Burke, J.
name: Chapman, T.
name: Dimple
name: Filippenko, A. V.
name: Gangopadhyay, A.
name: Ghosh, A.
name: Hoffman, A. M.
name: Hosseinzadeh, G.
name: Jennings, C.
name: Jha, V. K.
name: Kumar, A.
name: Karamehmetoglu, E.
name: McCully, C.
name: McGinness, E.
name: Müller-Bravo, T. E.
name: Murakami, Y. S.
name: Pandey, S. B.
name: Pellegrino, C.
name: Piscarreta, L.
name: Rho, J.
name: Stritzinger, M.
name: Sunseri, J.
name: Van Dyk, S. D.
name: Yadav, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high-cadence photometric and spectroscopic observations of SN~2020jfo in ultraviolet and optical/near-infrared bands starting from $\sim 3$ to $\sim 434$ days after the explosion, including the earliest data with the 10.4\,m GTC. SN~2020jfo is a hydrogen-rich Type II SN with a relatively short plateau duration ($67.0 \pm 0.6$ days). When compared to other Type II supernovae (SNe) of similar or shorter plateau lengths, SN~2020jfo exhibits a fainter peak absolute $V$-band magnitude ($M_V = -16.90 \pm 0.34$ mag). SN~2020jfo shows significant H$α$ absorption in the plateau phase similar to that of typical SNe~II. The emission line of stable [Ni~II] $λ$7378, mostly seen in low-luminosity SNe~II, is very prominent in the nebular-phase spectra of SN~2020jfo. Using the relative strengths of [Ni~II] $λ$7378 and [Fe~II] $λ$7155, we derive the Ni/Fe production (abundance) ratio of 0.08--0.10, which is $\sim 1.5$ times the solar value. The progenitor mass of SN~2020jfo from nebular-phase spectral modelling and semi-analytical modelling falls in the range of 12--15\,$M_\odot$. Furthermore, semi-analytical modelling suggests a massive H envelope in the progenitor of SN~2020jfo, which is unlikely for SNe~II having short plateaus.
description: 20 pages (plus 5 pages appendix), 19 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
An empirical recipe for inelastic hydrogen-atom collisions in non-LTE calculations
Creators: name: Ezzeddine, Rana
name: Merle, Thibault
name: Plez, Bertrand
name: Gebran, Marwan
name: Thévenin, Frédéric
name: Van der Swaelmen, Mathieu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the role of hydrogen collisions in NLTE spectral line synthesis, and introduce a new general empirical recipe to determine inelastic charge transfer (CT) and bound-bound hydrogen collisional rates. This recipe is based on fitting the energy functional dependence of published quantum collisional rate coefficients of several neutral elements (BeI, NaI, MgI, AlI, SiI and CaI) using simple polynomial equations. We perform thorough NLTE abundance calculation tests using our method for four different atoms, Na, Mg, Al and Si, for a broad range of stellar parameters. We then compare the results to calculations computed using the published quantum rates for all the corresponding elements. We also compare to results computed using excitation collisional rates via the commonly used Drawin equation for different fudge factors, SH, applied. We demonstrate that our proposed method is able to reproduce the NLTE abundance corrections performed with the quantum rates for different spectral types and metallicities for representative NaI and AlI lines to within $\le$0.05 dex and %\le%0.03 dex, respectively. For MgI and SiI lines, the method performs better for the cool giants and dwarfs, while larger discrepancies up to 0.2 dex could be obtained for some lines for the subgiants and warm dwarfs. We obtained larger NLTE correction differences between models incorporating Drawin rates relative to the quantum models by up to 0.4 dex. These discrepancies are potentially due to ignoring either or both CT and ionization collisional processes by hydrogen in our Drawin models. Our empirical fitting method performs well in its ability to reproduce, within narrow uncertainties, the abundance corrections computed with models incorporating quantum collisional rates. It could possibly be extended to other transitions or in the absence of published quantum calculations, to other elements as well.
description: 15 pages, published in A&A at https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201630352
Running the Numbers : Estimated Changes in Health Insurance Coverage of North Carolinians in the First Six Months of the COVID-19 Pandemic.
Creators: name: Holmes, Mark
Publisher: name: North Carolina Institute of Medicine
Year: 2020

description: As the COVID-19 pandemic hit the United
States and jurisdictions entered various levels of
lockdown, the economic impacts across the country
were catastrophic. This became most apparent
through numbers of unemployment claims that
had not been seen since the Great Depression.
Approximate Support Recovery of Atomic Line Spectral Estimation: A Tale of Resolution and Precision
Creators: name: Li, Qiuwei
name: Tang, Gongguo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This work investigates the parameter estimation performance of super-resolution line spectral estimation using atomic norm minimization. The focus is on analyzing the algorithm's accuracy of inferring the frequencies and complex magnitudes from noisy observations. When the Signal-to-Noise Ratio is reasonably high and the true frequencies are separated by $O(\frac{1}{n})$, the atomic norm estimator is shown to localize the correct number of frequencies, each within a neighborhood of size $O(\sqrt{{\log n}/{n^3}} σ)$ of one of the true frequencies. Here $n$ is half the number of temporal samples and $σ^2$ is the Gaussian noise variance. The analysis is based on a primal-dual witness construction procedure. The obtained error bound matches the Cramér-Rao lower bound up to a logarithmic factor. The relationship between resolution (separation of frequencies) and precision or accuracy of the estimator is highlighted. Our analysis also reveals that the atomic norm minimization can be viewed as a convex way to solve a $\ell_1$-norm regularized, nonlinear and nonconvex least-squares problem to global optimality.
Control Lyapunov-Barrier Function Based Model Predictive Control for Stochastic Nonlinear Affine Systems
Creators: name: Zheng, Weijiang
name: Zhu, Bing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: A stochastic model predictive control (MPC) framework is presented in this paper for nonlinear affine systems with stability and feasibility guarantee. We first introduce the concept of stochastic control Lyapunov-barrier function (CLBF) and provide a method to construct CLBF by combining an unconstrained control Lyapunov function (CLF) and control barrier functions. The unconstrained CLF is obtained from its corresponding semi-linear system through dynamic feedback linearization. Based on the constructed CLBF, we utilize sampled-data MPC framework to deal with states and inputs constraints, and to analyze stability of closed-loop systems. Moreover, event-triggering mechanisms are integrated into MPC framework to improve performance during sampling intervals. The proposed CLBF based stochastic MPC is validated via an obstacle avoidance example.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures
Multiscale Optimization via Enhanced Multilevel PCA-based Control Space Reduction for Electrical Impedance Tomography Imaging
Creators: name: Chun, Maria M. F. M.
name: Edwards, Briana L.
name: Bukshtynov, Vladislav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: An efficient computational approach for imaging binary-type physical properties suitable for various models in biomedical applications is developed and validated. The proposed methodology includes gradient-based multiscale optimization with multilevel control space reduction based on principal component analysis, optimal switching between the fine and coarse scales, and their effective re-parameterization. The reduced dimensional controls are used interchangeably at both scales to accumulate the optimization progress and mitigate side effects. Computational efficiency and superior quality of obtained results are achieved through proper communication between solutions obtained at the fine and coarse scales. Reduced size of control spaces supplied with adjoint-based gradients facilitates the application of this algorithm to models of high complexity and also to a broad range of problems in biomedical sciences and outside. The performance of the complete computational framework is tested with 2D inverse problems of cancer detection by electrical impedance tomography (EIT) in applications to synthetic models and models based on real breast cancer images. The results demonstrate the superior performance of the new method and its high potential for minimizing possibilities for false positive and false negative screening and improving the overall quality of the EIT-based procedures in medical practice.
description: 41 pages, 20 figures
High-energy Neutrinos from Multi-body Decaying Dark Matter
Creators: name: Hiroshima, Nagisa
name: Kitano, Ryuichiro
name: Kohri, Kazunori
name: Murase, Kohta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the report of the PeV-TeV neutrinos by the IceCube Collaboration, various particle physics models have been proposed to explain the neutrino spectrum by dark matter particles decaying into neutrinos and other Standard Model particles.In such scenarios, simultaneous $γ$-ray emission is commonly expected. Therefore, multi-messenger connections are generally important for the indirect searches of dark matters. The recent development of $γ$-ray astronomy puts stringent constraints on the properties of dark matter, especially by observations with the Fermi $γ$-ray satellite in the last several years. Motivated by the lack of $γ$-ray as well as the shape of the neutrino spectrum observed by IceCube, we discuss a scenario in which the DM is a PeV scale particle which couples strongly to other invisible particles and its decay products do not contain a charged particle. As an example to realize such possibilities, we consider a model of fermionic dark matter that decays into a neutrino and many invisible fermions. The dark matter decay is secluded in the sense that the emitted products are mostly neutrinos and dark fermions. One remarkable feature of this model is the resulting broadband neutrino spectra around the energy scale of the dark matter. We apply this model to multi-PeV dark matter, and discuss possible observable consequences in light of the IceCube data. In particular, this model could account for the large flux at medium energies of $\sim10-100$ TeV, possibly as well as the second peak at PeV, without violating the stringent $γ$-ray constraints from Fermi and air-shower experiments such as CASA-MIA.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures, to appear in PRD
Cascaded Incremental Nonlinear Dynamic Inversion Control for MAV Disturbance Rejection
Creators: name: Smeur, Ewoud J. J.
name: de Croon, Guido C. H. E.
name: Chu, Qiping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Micro Aerial Vehicles (MAVs) are limited in their operation outdoors near obstacles by their ability to withstand wind gusts. Currently widespread position control methods such as Proportional Integral Derivative control do not perform well under the influence of gusts. Incremental Nonlinear Dynamic Inversion (INDI) is a sensor-based control technique that can control nonlinear systems subject to disturbances. It was developed for the attitude control of manned aircraft or MAVs. In this paper we generalize this method to the outer loop control of MAVs under severe gust loads. Significant improvements over a traditional Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controller are demonstrated in an experiment where the quadrotor flies in and out of a windtunnel exhaust at 10 m/s. The control method does not rely on frequent position updates, as is demonstrated in an outside experiment using a standard GPS module. Finally, we investigate the effect of using a linearization to calculate thrust vector increments, compared to a nonlinear calculation. The method requires little modeling and is computationally efficient.
description: 12 pages, 15 figures update: The transfer function in Eq. 12 was incorrect, this has been adjusted. All the conclusions are still valid
Quasi-locality for étale groupoids
Creators: name: Jiang, Baojie
name: Zhang, Jiawen
name: Zhang, Jianguo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $\mathcal{G}$ be a locally compact étale groupoid and $\mathscr{L}(L^2(\mathcal{G}))$ be the $C^*$-algebra of adjointable operators on the Hilbert $C^*$-module $L^2(\mathcal{G})$. In this paper, we discover a notion called quasi-locality for operators in $\mathscr{L}(L^2(\mathcal{G}))$, generalising the metric space case introduced by Roe. Our main result shows that when $\mathcal{G}$ is additionally $σ$-compact and amenable, an equivariant operator in $\mathscr{L}(L^2(\mathcal{G}))$ belongs to the reduced groupoid $C^*$-algebra $C^*_r(\mathcal{G})$ if and only if it is quasi-local. This provides a practical approach to describe elements in $C^*_r(\mathcal{G})$ using coarse geometry. Our main tool is a description for operators in $\mathscr{L}(L^2(\mathcal{G}))$ via their slices with the same philosophy to the computer tomography. As applications, we recover a result by Špakula and the second-named author in the metric space case, and deduce new characterisations for reduced crossed products and uniform Roe algebras for groupoids.
description: Published in Comm. Math. Phy
Two supersolid phases in hard-core extended Bose-Hubbard model
Creators: name: Chen, Yung-Chung
name: Yang, Min-Fong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of the next-nearest-neighbor (nnn) tunneling on the hard-core extended Bose-Hubbard model on square lattices is investigated. By means of the cluster mean-field theory, the ground-state phase diagrams are determined. When a modest nnn tunneling is introduced, depending on its sign, two distinct supersolid states with checkerboard crystal structures are found away from half-filing. The characters of various phase transitions out of these two supersolid states are discussed. In particular, for the case with kinetic frustration, the existence of a half supersolid phase possessing both solid and unconventional superfluid orders is established. Our work hence sheds light on the search of this interesting supersolid phase in real ultracold lattice gases with frustrated tunnelings.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures. Published version
title: A long-term single-pulse study of the Vela pulsar
Creators: name: Palfreyman, JL
Publisher: name: University of Tasmania
Year: 2018

description: The mechanisms of emission and changes in rotation frequency (glitches) of the Vela pulsar (J0835-4510) are a fascinating area of study. Further insight into these mechanisms can be achieved by long-term studies of integrated pulse width, timing residuals, and bright pulse rates. We have undertaken an intensive observing campaign of Vela and collected over 14000 hours of single-pulse data. The data shows that the pulse width changes with time, including marked jumps in width after micro-glitches. The abundance of bright pulses also changes after some micro-glitches, but not all. The secular changes in pulse width have cyclic periods, some of which match with X-Ray periodicities of a helical jet that are interpreted as free precession. Some radio pulsars make excellent natural clocks because of their fast rotation and immense angular inertia. However the Vela pulsar, which has rotation frequency \(v\) = 11:2 Hz, suddenly speeds up by ∆/∆\(v\) ≈ 10\(^{-6}\) during a glitch which happens roughly every three years. Glitches have never been observed with a telescope and receiver sensitive enough to detect individual pulses, from Vela or any other pulsar, until now. On 2016-12-12 at UT 11:36 a glitch with magnitude ∆/∆\(v\) = 1:431 x 10\(^{-6}\) was captured by the University of Tasmania's 26m and 30m telescopes at a frequency of 1376 MHz and a bandwidth of 64 MHz. Here we show that just near the glitch epoch, the pulse shape shows a sudden change. One pulse is a null, i.e. there is no emission detected, and the pulse before the null is very broad. Just after the null there is a 2.6 second interval when the pulsar shows decreased pulse frequency, i.e. an effect in the opposite direction to the glitch. Along with the slight spin-down during these 2.6 seconds, the variance of the pulse arrival time decreases, suggesting that either or both the magnetic field configuration and the crustal rotation period have been stabilised during this interval, perhaps by a brief but strong dynamical connection between the superfluid interior and the outer layers of the pulsar. The null pulse and the change in arrival time statistics are both extremely rare; that they are nearly simultaneous with the glitch strongly suggests that all three are aspects of a single event.
Limitations of semidefinite programs for separable states and entangled games
Creators: name: Harrow, Aram W.
name: Natarajan, Anand
name: Wu, Xiaodi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Semidefinite programs (SDPs) are a framework for exact or approximate optimization that have widespread application in quantum information theory. We introduce a new method for using reductions to construct integrality gaps for SDPs. These are based on new limitations on the sum-of-squares (SoS) hierarchy in approximating two particularly important sets in quantum information theory, where previously no $ω(1)$-round integrality gaps were known: the set of separable (i.e. unentangled) states, or equivalently, the $2 \rightarrow 4$ norm of a matrix, and the set of quantum correlations; i.e. conditional probability distributions achievable with local measurements on a shared entangled state. In both cases no-go theorems were previously known based on computational assumptions such as the Exponential Time Hypothesis (ETH) which asserts that 3-SAT requires exponential time to solve. Our unconditional results achieve the same parameters as all of these previous results (for separable states) or as some of the previous results (for quantum correlations). In some cases we can make use of the framework of Lee-Raghavendra-Steurer (LRS) to establish integrality gaps for any SDP, not only the SoS hierarchy. Our hardness result on separable states also yields a dimension lower bound of approximate disentanglers, answering a question of Watrous and Aaronson et al. These results can be viewed as limitations on the monogamy principle, the PPT test, the ability of Tsirelson-type bounds to restrict quantum correlations, as well as the SDP hierarchies of Doherty-Parrilo-Spedalieri, Navascues-Pironio-Acin and Berta-Fawzi-Scholz.
description: 47 pages. v2. small changes, fixes and clarifications. published version
Optimal bounds and extremal trajectories for time averages in nonlinear dynamical systems
Creators: name: Tobasco, Ian
name: Goluskin, David
name: Doering, Charles R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For any quantity of interest in a system governed by ordinary differential equations, it is natural to seek the largest (or smallest) long-time average among solution trajectories, as well as the extremal trajectories themselves. Upper bounds on time averages can be proved a priori using auxiliary functions, the optimal choice of which is a convex optimization problem. We prove that the problems of finding maximal trajectories and minimal auxiliary functions are strongly dual. Thus, auxiliary functions provide arbitrarily sharp upper bounds on time averages. Moreover, any nearly minimal auxiliary function provides phase space volumes in which all nearly maximal trajectories are guaranteed to lie. For polynomial equations, auxiliary functions can be constructed by semidefinite programming, which we illustrate using the Lorenz system.
description: Minor revisions from review; title change
Socio-economic inequalities and COVID-19 incidence and mortality in Brazilian children: a nationwide register-based study
Creators: name: Martins-Filho, P.R.
name: de Souza Araújo, A.A.
name: Quintans-Júnior, L.J.
name: Santos, V.S.
name: Santos, H.P.
name: Tavares, C.S. Souza
name: Gurgel, R.Q.
name: Sposato, K.B.
name: de Paiva, S.M.
name: Leite, D.C. Fontes
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2020

description: OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to estimate the incidence and mortality rates of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Brazilian children and to analyze its relationship with socio-economic inequalities in a state-level analysis.
STUDY DESIGN: This is a nationwide register-based study.
METHODS: To estimate the incidence and mortality rates of COVID-19 in Brazilian children aged 0-19 years, we extracted data of confirmed cases and deaths from the de-identified microdata catalog and official bulletins of the 27 Brazilian states' health department websites until September 3, 2020. Social and economic inequalities were evaluated using the Social Vulnerability Index and Gini coefficient, respectively. The relationship between COVID-19 rates in Brazilian children and socio-economic vulnerability at the state level was analyzed using Spearman's rank correlation.
RESULTS: Of the 3,998,055 individuals with COVID-19 included in our database, 335,279 (8.4%) were children aged 0-19 years. Eight hundred deaths in children were registered, which accounts for about 0.7% of the deaths related to COVID-19 in the country. There were important differences in the incidence and mortality rates among Brazilian regions, and a correlation between mortality rates and social (ρ = 0.519; P-value = 0.007; effect magnitude: moderate) and economic (ρ = 0.615; P-value < 0.001; effect magnitude: strong) inequalities was found in a state-level analysis.
CONCLUSIONS: This population-based study showed important regional differences in COVID-19 estimates for children in Brazil and a relationship between mortality rates and socio-economic inequalities. The knowledge of sociogeographic differences in the estimates of COVID-19 is crucial to planning societal strategies and local decision-making to mitigate the effects of disease in the pediatric population.
Basics of thermal field theory -- a tutorial on perturbative computations
Creators: name: Laine, Mikko
name: Vuorinen, Aleksi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: These lecture notes, suitable for a two-semester introductory course or self-study, offer an elementary and self-contained exposition of the basic tools and concepts that are encountered in practical computations in perturbative thermal field theory. Selected applications to heavy ion collision physics and cosmology are outlined in the last chapter.
description: 228 pages. v2: streamlines and additions
Primordial gravitational waves and curvature perturbations induced energy density perturbation
Creators: name: Chang, Zhe
name: Kuang, Yu-Ting
name: Zhang, Xukun
name: Zhou, Jing-Zhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the second order scalar and density perturbations generated by the Gaussian curvature perturbations and primordial gravitational waves in the radiation-dominated era. After presenting all the possible second-order source terms, we obtain the explicit expressions of the kernel functions and the power spectra of the second order scalar perturbations. It shows that the primordial gravitational waves might affect the second order energy density perturbation significantly. The effects of the primordial gravitational waves are studied in terms of different kinds of primordial power spectra.
Monitoramento da oferta de recursos humanos em saúde: Estudo preliminar em seis estados brasileiros
Creators: name: Dal Poz, M.R.
name: Santos, R.L.B.
name: Matsumoto, K.S.
name: Guaraciaba, T.S.
name: Brandt, L.A.R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: O documento apresenta o estudo “Monitoramento da oferta de recursos humanos em saúde no nível estadual brasileiro”. É resultado de parceria com o Conselho Nacional de Secretários de Saúde (CONASS), no âmbito do Programa de Apoio às Secretarias Estaduais de Saúde (PASES), e com financiamento da Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde (OPAS/OMS). O projeto pretende contribuir para a implementação das Contas Nacionais da Força de Trabalho em Saúde (CNFTS), em especial de um conjunto de indicadores sobre a formação de RHS nos cursos de níveis superior e médio, no nível estadual. A ferramenta, desenvolvida pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), visa auxiliar os países a melhorarem gradualmente a disponibilidade, a qualidade e o uso dos dados sobre a força de trabalho em saúde, através do monitoramento de indicadores. Por meio de uma abordagem harmonizada e integrada para coleta, análise e uso de informações padronizadas da força de trabalho em saúde, as CNFTS podem melhorar a arquitetura e a interoperabilidade das informações, auxiliando na tomada de decisões políticas baseadas em evidências (OPAS, 2020). Os indicadores selecionados e apresentados neste documento são resultado de revisão da literatura sobre o tema. As fontes de dados foram o Censo da Educação Básica, Censo da Educação Superior – ambos realizados pelo INEP –, Sistema de Informação das Graduações em Saúde (SIGRAS/IMS/UERJ) e website dos Conselhos Estaduais de Educação. As análises demonstram características das escolas e matrículas nos cursos técnicos e graduações em saúde nos estados de Goiás, Maranhão, Pernambuco, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul e Rondônia. Estes estados foram selecionados por trabalharem de forma conjunta com o CONASS no momento da pesquisa. Ao final, propõem-se algumas ações que podem ser desenvolvidas pelos estados para aprimorar a regulamentação e a gestão da formação em saúde.
Monitoramento da oferta de recursos humanos em saúde: Estudo preliminar em seis estados brasileiros - Versão Preliminar
Creators: name: Dal Poz, M.R.
name: Santos, R.L.B.
name: Matsumoto, K.S.
name: Guaraciaba, T.S.
name: Brandt, L.A.R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: O documento apresenta o estudo “Monitoramento da oferta de recursos humanos em saúde no nível estadual brasileiro”. É resultado de parceria com o Conselho Nacional de Secretários de Saúde (CONASS), no âmbito do Programa de Apoio às Secretarias Estaduais de Saúde (PASES), e com financiamento da Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde (OPAS/OMS). O projeto pretende contribuir para a implementação das Contas Nacionais da Força de Trabalho em Saúde (CNFTS), em especial de um conjunto de indicadores sobre a formação de RHS nos cursos de níveis superior e médio, no nível estadual. A ferramenta, desenvolvida pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), visa auxiliar os países a melhorarem gradualmente a disponibilidade, a qualidade e o uso dos dados sobre a força de trabalho em saúde, através do monitoramento de indicadores. Por meio de uma abordagem harmonizada e integrada para coleta, análise e uso de informações padronizadas da força de trabalho em saúde, as CNFTS podem melhorar a arquitetura e a interoperabilidade das informações, auxiliando na tomada de decisões políticas baseadas em evidências (OPAS, 2020). Os indicadores selecionados e apresentados neste documento são resultado de revisão da literatura sobre o tema. As fontes de dados foram o Censo da Educação Básica, Censo da Educação Superior – ambos realizados pelo INEP –, Sistema de Informação das Graduações em Saúde (SIGRAS/IMS/UERJ) e website dos Conselhos Estaduais de Educação. As análises demonstram características das escolas e matrículas nos cursos técnicos e graduações em saúde nos estados de Goiás, Maranhão, Pernambuco, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul e Rondônia. Estes estados foram selecionados por trabalharem de forma conjunta com o CONASS no momento da pesquisa. Ao final, propõem-se algumas ações que podem ser desenvolvidas pelos estados para aprimorar a regulamentação e a gestão da formação em saúde.
title: ‘Our words are very little’ : the untold story of the Tasmanian Karen
Creators: name: Brown, Rebekah J
Publisher: name: University of Tasmania
Year: 2018

description: Karen refugees from Burma via Thailand are model migrants, providing much-needed population and an extraordinary economic boost to Australian regional towns. But while Karens also boost numbers in (mostly) Baptist congregations across the nation, less is known about the spiritual dimensions of resettlement and the human contribution of religious resettlers. Migrant research and policy directives prioritise economic participation, inequality and inclusion as resettlement outcomes. These align with legitimate concerns but poorly account for settlement as a process. Economic optics can neglect the social, emotional and spiritual dimensions of settlement, and the agency of refugees, while migrant optics neglect the impact on, and role of receiving communities (Neumann 2016). Given the religiosity of Australia’s refugees a curious blank spot persists in migrant research around behaviours in socio-religious civic spaces. This study investigates a local church as a site of cross-cultural interaction, and the lived experiences of Christian Karen resettlers. This sustained participatory observation constitutes a friendship ethnography, akin to Fine’s (2003) peopled ethnography and Tillman-Healy’s (2003) friendship as method. Reciprocal relationships, language exchange (learning and teaching) and a traditional conversational style la pa ti dor deh (tea and talking) are adapted as methods to overcome language barriers, and as research beneficence. This study investigates firstly, how religious space sharing and rituals can foster civic participation, and how everyday gestures and objects communicate meaning. Secondly, it explicates how Karen ‘do’ resettlement, including the role of religious ritual in homebuilding and cultural maintenance. While cross-cultural interactions can be ‘hopeful’ encounters of care here, discomforts and misrecognition also feature. So, while dominant cultural norms persist inclusion and exclusion co-exist in this socio-religious space, Karens ‘found’ a place to worship and call home. This study finds church spaces not only ‘welcome’ refugees, but foster reciprocity and recognition, ‘cushion’ culture shock, and have integrative potential for receiving and resettler communities.
One-dimensional electron localization in semiconductors coupled to electromagnetic cavities
Creators: name: Svintsov, Dmitry
name: Alymov, Georgy
name: Devizorova, Zhanna
name: Martin-Moreno, Luis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electrical conductivity of one-dimensional (1d) disordered solids decays exponentially with their length, which is a celebrated manifestation of the localization phenomenon. Here, we study the modifications of localized conductivity induced by placement of 1d semiconductors inside of single-mode electromagnetic cavities, focusing on the regime of non-degenerate doping. We use the Green's function technique modified for the non-perturbative account of cavity excited states, and including both coherent electron-cavity effects (i.e. electron motion in the zero-point fluctuating field) and incoherent processes of photon emission upon tunneling. The energy spectrum of electron transmission in the cavity acquires Fano-type resonances associated with virtual photon emission, passage along the resonant level, and photon re-absorption. The quality factor of the Fano resonance depends on whether the intermediate state is coupled to the leads, and reaches its maximum when this state is localized deep in the disorder potential. Coupling to the cavity also elevates the energies of the shallow bound states, bringing them to the conduction band bottom. Such an effect leads to the enhancement of the low-temperature conductance.
Cruise Ships, Nursing Homes, and Prisons as COVID-19 Epicenters: A “Wicked Problem” With Breakthrough Solutions?
Creators: name: Sloane, Philip D
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2020

description: I was not surprised that some of the earliest signs of COVID-19
outside of China were outbreaks on cruise ships. Several years ago,
during a month on a 500-passenger cruise ship, I learned firsthand
how rapidly viral infections can travel through those floating communities.
I was the trip physician; the month was December; respiratory
virus season had arrived early that year; and we unknowingly
welcomed several unwanted guests when our passengers boarded in
Nassau. Within 2 weeks, more than half the passengers were actively
coughing and the clinic was inundated. On just 1 typical clinic day, I
diagnosed 3 cases of Influenza A, 8 patients with viral bronchitis, 1
case of pneumonia, and 3 cases of gastroenteritis. And this was a
“small” voyage; more common are passenger lists at least 5 times
larger!
On the density of states of graphene in the nearest-neighbor approximation
Creators: name: Ananyev, V. O.
name: Ovchynnikov, M. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an alternative analytical expression for the density of states of a clean graphene in the nearest-neighbor approximation. In contrast to the previously known expression, it can be written as a single formula valid for the whole energy range. The correspondence with the previously known expression is shown and the limiting cases are analyzed.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Dipolar spin ice regime proximate to an all-in-all-out Néel ground state in the dipolar-octupolar pyrochlore Ce$_2$Sn$_2$O$_7$
Creators: name: Yahne, D. R.
name: Placke, B.
name: Schäfer, R.
name: Benton, O.
name: Moessner, R.
name: Powell, M.
name: Kolis, J. W.
name: Pasco, C. M.
name: May, A. F.
name: Frontzek, M. D.
name: Smith, E. M.
name: Gaulin, B. D.
name: Calder, S.
name: Ross, K. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dipolar-octupolar (DO) pyrochlores, R$_2$M$_2$O$_7$ (R = Ce, Sm, Nd), are key players in the search for realizable novel quantum spin liquid (QSL) states as a large parameter space within the DO pyrochlore phase diagram is theorized to host QSL states of both dipolar and octupolar nature. New single crystals and powders of Ce$_2$Sn$_2$O$_7$, synthesized by hydrothermal techniques, present an opportunity for a new characterization of the exchange parameters in Ce$_2$Sn$_2$O$_7$ using the near-neighbor $XYZ$ model Hamiltonian associated with DO pyrochlores. Utilizing quantum numerical linked cluster expansion fits to heat capacity and magnetic susceptibility measurements, and classical Monte Carlo calculations to the diffuse neutron diffraction of the new hydrothermally grown Ce$_2$Sn$_2$O$_7$ samples, we place Ce$_2$Sn$_2$O$_7$'s ground state within the ordered dipolar all-in-all-out (AIAO) Néel phase, with quantum Monte Carlo calculations showing a transition to long-range order at temperatures below those accessed experimentally. Indeed, our new neutron diffraction measurements on the hydrothermally grown Ce$_2$Sn$_2$O$_7$ powders show a broad signal at low scattering wave vectors, reminiscent of a \textit{dipolar} spin ice, in striking contrast from previous powder neutron diffraction on samples grown from solid-state synthesis, which found diffuse scattering at high scattering wave vectors associated with magnetic {\it octupoles} and suggested an octupolar quantum spin ice state. We conclude that new hydrothermally grown Ce$_2$Sn$_2$O$_7$ samples host a finite-temperature proximate dipolar spin ice phase, above the expected transition to AIAO Néel order.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures
Mitteilungen des Oberhessischen Geschichtsvereins Gießen 96 (2011)
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
name: Justus Liebig University Giessen
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Gießen
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: ddc:943

description: Dagmar Klein: Nachruf auf Gisela Kraft-Schneider I. Beiträge Helmut Berding: Henriette Fürth (1861-1938) Carsten Lind: Aus den Augen, aus dem Sinn? - Gießen und seine militärische Vergangenheit nach dem Abzug der letzten Soldaten Robert Himmelsbach: Der Wiederaufbau der Stadtzentren von Gießen und Frankfurt (Oder) nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg - eine vergleichende Untersuchung zu Kontinuität und Diskontinuität von Stadtplanung Rolf Haaser: Ehrenpromotion und Propaganda. Bürger Bernadotte und Prof. Crome in Gießen 1798 Josepha Brugger, Christoph Röder: Das "Inventarium" des Hofes Kolnhausen erstellt im Zuge der "Civil-Besitzergreifung des Klosters Arnsburg" durch das Hause Solms im Jahr 1802/03 Eva-Maria Felschow: Ein gelungener Wandel: vom Laboratorium Liebigs zum Liebig-Museum Hans-Joachim Weimann: Die Gießener Kunstsammlungen im Neuen Schloss Heinz-Lothar Worm, Eva-Maria Felschow: "Die Geschichte des jungen Pfiffig" von Carl Vogt Sandra Franz: Otto Rahn - ein "Gralsucher" aus Gießen und seine Beziehung zu Hessen Monika Graulich: Kurt Grünebaum - ein Brüsseler Journalist aus Gießen Michael Gottwald, Volker Hess, Christoph Röder: Die "Rudera vom Schloss Todenberg" bei Treis an der Lumda II. Miszellen Roland W. Aniol, Manfred Blechschmidt: Der Gießener Einbaum kehrt zurück Susanne Gerschlauer: ... übrig blieb eine Lagerskizze - vom Bewahren vergänglicher Hinterlassenschaften Rolf Haaser: Die Guillotine des Schinderhannes 1843 in Gießen im Einsatz Ludwig Brake: Die Auflösung des Gießener Frauenvereins im Jahre 1815 Matthias Recke: Jahresbericht aus der Antikensammlung 2010-2011 Dagmar Klein: Neues von den Gießener Friedhöfen Hans-Joachim Weimann: Als Oldtimer Novitäten waren - Autos von Wilhelm und Georg Gail Susanne Trautwein-Keller: Die Poppe-Keller in Gießen III. Rezensionen IV. Vereinsleben V. Presseberichterstattung VI. Autorinnen und Autoren
On functional determinants of matrix differential operators with multiple zero modes
Creators: name: Falco, G. M.
name: Fedorenko, Andrei A.
name: Gruzberg, Ilya A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize the method of computing functional determinants with a single excluded zero eigenvalue developed by McKane and Tarlie to differential operators with multiple zero eigenvalues. We derive general formulas for such functional determinants of $r\times r$ matrix second order differential operators $O$ with $0 < n \leqslant 2r$ linearly independent zero modes. We separately discuss the cases of the homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions, when the number of zero modes cannot exceed $r$, and the case of twisted boundary conditions, including the periodic and anti-periodic ones, when the number of zero modes is bounded above by $2r$. In all cases the determinants with excluded zero eigenvalues can be expressed only in terms of the $n$ zero modes and other $r-n$ or $2r-n$ (depending on the boundary conditions) solutions of the homogeneous equation $O h=0$, in the spirit of Gel'fand-Yaglom approach. In instanton calculations, the contribution of the zero modes is taken into account by introducing the so-called collective coordinates. We show that there is a remarkable cancellation of a factor (involving scalar products of zero modes) between the Jacobian of the transformation to the collective coordinates and the functional fluctuation determinant with excluded zero eigenvalues. This cancellation drastically simplifies instanton calculations when one uses our formulas.
description: 33 pages, 1 figure, significantly extended version with new results added
title: A survey for stellar relics of galaxy formation in the large Magellanic cloud
Creators: name: Emptage, BD
Publisher: name: University of Tasmania
Year: 2018

description: We aim to identify some of the first extremely metal-poor stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) based on photometric selection of red giants. The photometric data were from observations using the CTIO 4m Blanco telescope and MOSAIC-II imager, covering 5.4 square degrees of the LMC, extending from the central bar to a projected distance of 8 degrees. Candidates were identifed using Washington photometry, paired with a custom narrowband filter centred on the Calcium II H & K lines - in which metal-poor stars would exhibit greater flux. For the most likely metal-poor candidates, medium resolution spectra were obtained in the visible (R ≈ 1500), and the infrared (R ≈ 10000) using the 3.9m AAT telescope with the 2df + AAOmega instruments. The metallicity and radial velocities of these stars were derived from measurements of the near-infrared calcium triplet.
Based on the candidate frequency, the photometric pre-selection proved successful, yielding 104 metal-poor candidates. Of these, 34 stars are previously unknown stars more metal-poor than [Fe/H] = -2:0, with our most metal-poor candidate having a metallicity of [Fe/H] = -2:93. This is the most metal-poor known object in the LMC.
From these results, candidates for high-dispersion follow-up spectroscopy have been identifed.
title: Interpreting selected violin works by György Kurtág
Creators: name: Coombe, AJ
Publisher: name: University of Tasmania
Year: 2018

description: Performance of the violin works of Hungarian composer György Kurtág (1926-) requires interpretation of musical notation that is deliberately sparse and ambiguous, and due to the advanced age of the composer and his increasingly private persona, going directly to the source for guidance is no longer an option. The key to interpretation then lies with those violinists who have worked directly with Kurtág in preparing his works such as Hiromi Kikuchi, András Keller, Movses Pogossian and Graeme Jennings. This performance-oriented research project has focussed on selected key works of Kurtág - Signs, Games and Messages (1989-) for solo violin, Signs, Games and Messages (1989-) for string trio, Tre Pezzi (1979) for violin and piano and Varga Bálint Ligaturája (2007) for piano trio, and the resulting performances of this research are contained in the performance folio. These performances have been informed by guidance from Graeme Jennings, who has worked directly with Kurtág, and analysis of recordings by violinists who have experienced a privileged connection with Kurtág and his unnotated ideas about musical interpretation. This research contributes to the understanding of the unwritten performance practice of Kurtág’s violin works and reveals Kurtág’s preference for a gestural interpretation and a fragile and varied sound world that may border on the edge of audibility. The findings underscore the necessity for an experimental process when approaching Kurtág’s works and the exploration of a range of technical solutions to achieve the desired interpretative effects.
Electronic nematicity without charge density waves in titanium-based kagome metal
Creators: name: Li, Hong
name: Cheng, Siyu
name: Ortiz, Brenden R.
name: Tan, Hengxin
name: Werhahn, Dominik
name: Zeng, Keyu
name: Johrendt, Dirk
name: Yan, Binghai
name: Wang, Ziqiang
name: Wilson, Stephen D.
name: Zeljkovic, Ilija
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Layered crystalline materials that consist of transition metal atoms on a kagome network have emerged as a versatile platform to study unusual electronic phenomena. For example, in the vanadium-based kagome superconductors AV3Sb5 (where A can stand for K, Cs, or Rb) there is a parent charge density wave phase that appears to simultaneously break both the translational and the rotational symmetry of the lattice. Here, we show a contrasting situation where electronic nematic order - the breaking of rotational symmetry without the breaking of translational symmetry - can occur without a corresponding charge density wave. We use spectroscopic-imaging scanning tunneling microscopy to study the kagome metal CsTi3Bi5 that is isostructural to AV3Sb5 but with a titanium atom kagome network. CsTi3Bi5 does not exhibit any detectable charge density wave state, but comparison to density functional theory calculations reveals substantial electronic correlation effects at low energies. Comparing the amplitudes of scattering wave vectors along different directions, we discover an electronic anisotropy that breaks the six-fold symmetry of the lattice, arising from both in-plane and out-of-plane titanium-derived d orbitals. Our work uncovers the role of electronic orbitals in CsTi3Bi5, suggestive of a hexagonal analogue of the nematic bond order in Fe-based superconductors.
description: This is the submitted version. Final manuscript will appear in Nature Physics