cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Preconditioners for Fractional Diffusion Equations Based on the Spectral Symbol
Creators: name: Barakitis, Nikos
name: Ekström, Sven-Erik
name: Vassalos, Paris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It is well known that the discretization of fractional diffusion equations (FDEs) with fractional derivatives $α\in(1,2)$, using the so-called weighted and shifted Grünwald formula, leads to linear systems whose coefficient matrices show a Toeplitz-like structure. More precisely, in the case of variable coefficients, the related matrix sequences belong to the so-called Generalized Locally Toeplitz (GLT) class. Conversely, when the given FDE have constant coefficients, using a suitable discretization, we encounter a Toeplitz structure associated to a nonnegative function $\mathcal{F}_α$, called the spectral symbol, having a unique zero at zero of real positive order between one and two. For the fast solution of such systems by preconditioned Krylov methods, several preconditioning techniques have been proposed in both the one and two dimensional cases. In this note we propose a new preconditioner denoted by $\mathcal{P}_{\mathcal{F}_α}$ which belongs to the $τ$ algebra and it is based on the spectral symbol $\mathcal{F}_α$. Comparing with some of the previously proposed preconditioners, we show that although the low band structure preserving preconditioners are more effective in the one-dimensional case, the new preconditioner performs better in the more challenging multi-dimensional setting.
title: 03_0112
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Holonomy invariants of links and nonabelian Reidemeister torsion
Creators: name: McPhail-Snyder, Calvin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M27, 20G42

description: We show that the reduced $\mathrm{SL}_2(\mathbb{C})$-twisted Burau representation can be obtained from the quantum group $\mathcal{U}_q(\mathfrak{sl}_2)$ for $q = i$ a fourth root of unity and that representations of $\mathcal{U}_q(\mathfrak{sl}_2)$ satisfy a type of Schur-Weyl duality with the Burau representation. As a consequence, the $\operatorname{SL}_2(\mathbb{C})$-twisted Reidemeister torsion of links can be obtained as a quantum invariant. Our construction is closely related to the quantum holonomy invariant of Blanchet, Geer, Patureau-Mirand, and Reshetikhin, and we interpret their invariant as a twisted Conway potential.
description: 64 pages, 5 figures, diagrams. v3 significantly clarifies the exposition
How Reliable is Smartphone-based Electronic Contact Tracing for COVID-19?
Creators: name: Kindt, Philipp H.
name: Chakraborty, Trinad
name: Chakraborty, Samarjit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: C.2

description: Smartphone-based electronic contact tracing is currently considered an essential tool towards easing lockdowns, curfews, and shelter-in-place orders issued by most governments around the world in response to the 2020 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) crisis. While the focus on developing smartphone-based contact tracing applications or apps has been on privacy concerns stemming from the use of such apps, an important question that has not received sufficient attention is: How reliable will such smartphone-based electronic contact tracing be? This is a technical question related to how two smartphones reliably register their mutual proximity. Here, we examine in detail the technical prerequisites required for effective smartphone-based contact tracing. The underlying mechanism that any contact tracing app relies on is called Neighbor Discovery (ND), which involves smartphones transmitting and scanning for Bluetooth signals to record their mutual presence whenever they are in close proximity. The hardware support and the software protocols used for ND in smartphones, however, were not designed for reliable contact tracing. In this paper, we quantitatively evaluate how reliably can smartphones do contact tracing. Our results point towards the design of a wearable solution for contact tracing that can overcome the shortcomings of a smartphone-based solution to provide more reliable and accurate contact tracing. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that quantifies, both, the suitability and also the drawbacks of smartphone-based contact tracing. Further, our results can be used to parameterize a ND protocol to maximize the reliability of any contact tracing app that uses it.
Exhaustive goodness-of-fit via smoothed inference and graphics
Creators: name: Algeri, Sara
name: Zhang, Xiangyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Classical tests of goodness-of-fit aim to validate the conformity of a postulated model to the data under study. Given their inferential nature, they can be considered a crucial step in confirmatory data analysis. In their standard formulation, however, they do not allow exploring how the hypothesized model deviates from the truth nor do they provide any insight into how the rejected model could be improved to better fit the data. The main goal of this work is to establish a comprehensive framework for goodness-of-fit which naturally integrates modeling, estimation, inference, and graphics. Modeling and estimation focus on a novel formulation of smooth tests that easily extends to arbitrary distributions, either continuous or discrete. Inference and adequate post-selection adjustments are performed via a specially designed smoothed bootstrap and the results are summarized via an exhaustive graphical tool called CD-plot.
description: To appear in: Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics
Dugal A, Reddoch J (1980) Morris Island. Trail & Landscape 14: 18-23.
Creators: name: Saarela, Jeffery
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 60299 Ecology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Dugal A, Reddoch J (1980) Morris Island. Trail & Landscape 14: 18-23.
Case Study D: A Framework for Assessed Group Work: Development and Initial Implementation of an Institution-wide Approach (DkIT)
Creators: name: :: National Forum For The Enhancement Of Teaching And Learning In Higher Education
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: This case study is part of a collection available here: https://tinyurl.com/NFprogramme
Формирование комплекса библиометрических показателей для оценки университетов Беларуси и Украины
Creators: name: Lazarev, Vladimir
name: Nazarovets, Serhii
name: Skalaban, Alexey
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Library and Information Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: Для оценки научно-исследовательской деятельности университетов Беларуси и Украины обоснован набор библиометрических индикаторов, отличающихся от применявшихся в этих странах ранее. С его помощью сравнивается соответствующая активность вузов двух государств, приводятся данные об университетах-лидерах. Показано, что чувствительность индикатора «средняя цитируемость одной статьи» (из опубликованных в 2011–2015 гг.) к оперативным изменениям научной деятельности и усредненность показателя «количество публикаций в 10 % наиболее цитируемых публикаций аналогичной тематики» для различных областей знания обусловливают преимущество предложенного комплекса перед действующим в Украине и работавшим в Беларуси.
Equal higher order analysis of an unfitted discontinuous Galerkin method for Stokes flow systems
Creators: name: Aretaki, Aikaterini
name: Karatzas, Efthymios N.
name: Katsouleas, Georgios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65C05, 65N55, 65N85, 49J20, 35Q93, 35R60

description: In this work, we analyze an unfitted discontinuous Galerkin discretization for the numerical solution of the Stokes system based on equal higher-order discontinuous velocities and pressures. This approach combines the best from both worlds, firstly the advantages of a piece-wise discontinuous high-order accurate approximation and secondly the advantages of an unfitted to the true geometry grid around possibly complex objects and/or geometrical deformations. Utilizing a fictitious domain framework, the physical domain of interest is embedded in an unfitted background mesh and the geometrically unfitted discretization is built upon symmetric interior penalty discontinuous Galerkin formulation. To enhance stability we enrich the discrete variational formulation with a pressure stabilization term. Moreover, the present contribution adopts high order ghost penalty strategies to address the ill conditioning of the system matrix caused by small truncated elements with respect to the unfitted boundary. Motivated by continuous unfitted FEM [21,74,75] along with other unfitted mesh surveys grounded on discontinuous spaces [10,44,45,73], we use proper velocity and pressure ghost penalties defined on faces of cut cells to establish a robust high-order method, in spite of the cell agglomeration technique usually applied on dG methods. The current presentation should prove valuable in engineering applications where special emphasis is placed on the optimal effective approximation attaining much smaller relative errors in coarser meshes. Inf-sup stability, the optimal order of convergence, and the condition number sensitivity with respect to cut configuration are investigated. Numerical examples verify the theoretical results.
description: 31 pages
Case Study B: The Trinity Assessment Framework: Developing an Institutional Approach (TCD)
Creators: name: :: National Forum For The Enhancement Of Teaching And Learning In Higher Education
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: This case study is part of a collection available here: https://tinyurl.com/NFprogramme
Interpreting a field in its Heisenberg group
Creators: name: Alvir, Rachael
name: Calvert, Wesley
name: Goodman, Grant
name: Harizanov, Valentina
name: Knight, Julia
name: Morozov, Andrey
name: Miller, Russell
name: Soskova, Alexandra
name: Weisshaar, Rose
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03C57 (Primary) 03D45, 20H20, 12L12

description: We improve on and generalize a 1960 result of Maltsev. For a field $F$, we denote by $H(F)$ the Heisenberg group with entries in $F$. Maltsev showed that there is a copy of $F$ defined in $H(F)$, using existential formulas with an arbitrary non-commuting pair $(u,v)$ as parameters. We show that $F$ is interpreted in $H(F)$ using computable $Σ_1$ formulas with no parameters. We give two proofs. The first is an existence proof, relying on a result of Harrison-Trainor, Melnikov, R. Miller, and Montalbán. This proof allows the possibility that the elements of $F$ are represented by tuples in $H(F)$ of no fixed arity. The second proof is direct, giving explicit finitary existential formulas that define the interpretation, with elements of $F$ represented by triples in $H(F)$. Looking at what was used to arrive at this parameter-free interpretation of $F$ in $H(F)$, we give general conditions sufficient to eliminate parameters from interpretations.
description: Published online by the *Journal of Symbolic Logic*, 23 December 2021. Print version to appear subsequently
A Causal Framework for Observational Studies of Discrimination
Creators: name: Gaebler, Johann
name: Cai, William
name: Basse, Guillaume
name: Shroff, Ravi
name: Goel, Sharad
name: Hill, Jennifer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In studies of discrimination, researchers often seek to estimate a causal effect of race or gender on outcomes. For example, in the criminal justice context, one might ask whether arrested individuals would have been subsequently charged or convicted had they been a different race. It has long been known that such counterfactual questions face measurement challenges related to omitted-variable bias, and conceptual challenges related to the definition of causal estimands for largely immutable characteristics. Another concern, which has been the subject of recent debates, is post-treatment bias: many studies of discrimination condition on apparently intermediate outcomes, like being arrested, that themselves may be the product of discrimination, potentially corrupting statistical estimates. There is, however, reason to be optimistic. By carefully defining the estimand -- and by considering the precise timing of events -- we show that a primary causal quantity of interest in discrimination studies can be estimated under an ignorability condition that may hold approximately in some observational settings. We illustrate these ideas by analyzing both simulated data and the charging decisions of a prosecutor's office in a large county in the United States.
Scaling Graph Neural Networks with Approximate PageRank
Creators: name: Bojchevski, Aleksandar
name: Gasteiger, Johannes
name: Perozzi, Bryan
name: Kapoor, Amol
name: Blais, Martin
name: Rózemberczki, Benedek
name: Lukasik, Michal
name: Günnemann, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Graph neural networks (GNNs) have emerged as a powerful approach for solving many network mining tasks. However, learning on large graphs remains a challenge - many recently proposed scalable GNN approaches rely on an expensive message-passing procedure to propagate information through the graph. We present the PPRGo model which utilizes an efficient approximation of information diffusion in GNNs resulting in significant speed gains while maintaining state-of-the-art prediction performance. In addition to being faster, PPRGo is inherently scalable, and can be trivially parallelized for large datasets like those found in industry settings. We demonstrate that PPRGo outperforms baselines in both distributed and single-machine training environments on a number of commonly used academic graphs. To better analyze the scalability of large-scale graph learning methods, we introduce a novel benchmark graph with 12.4 million nodes, 173 million edges, and 2.8 million node features. We show that training PPRGo from scratch and predicting labels for all nodes in this graph takes under 2 minutes on a single machine, far outpacing other baselines on the same graph. We discuss the practical application of PPRGo to solve large-scale node classification problems at Google.
description: Published as a Conference Paper at ACM SIGKDD 2020. Author name changed from Johannes Klicpera to Johannes Gasteiger
Case Study A: An Institutional Approach to Programme Mapping (UCD)
Creators: name: :: National Forum For The Enhancement Of Teaching And Learning In Higher Education
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: This case study is part of a collection of resources which can be found here: https://tinyurl.com/NFprogramme
title: Autorisation de captation, utilisation, diffusion et conservation de la voix d'une personne
Creators: name: Bureau, Eve
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2017

description: Source: C-4788
description: Source: T-4788
Domain Generalization via Optimal Transport with Metric Similarity Learning
Creators: name: Zhou, Fan
name: Jiang, Zhuqing
name: Shui, Changjian
name: Wang, Boyu
name: Chaib-draa, Brahim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Generalizing knowledge to unseen domains, where data and labels are unavailable, is crucial for machine learning models. We tackle the domain generalization problem to learn from multiple source domains and generalize to a target domain with unknown statistics. The crucial idea is to extract the underlying invariant features across all the domains. Previous domain generalization approaches mainly focused on learning invariant features and stacking the learned features from each source domain to generalize to a new target domain while ignoring the label information, which will lead to indistinguishable features with an ambiguous classification boundary. For this, one possible solution is to constrain the label-similarity when extracting the invariant features and to take advantage of the label similarities for class-specific cohesion and separation of features across domains. Therefore we adopt optimal transport with Wasserstein distance, which could constrain the class label similarity, for adversarial training and also further deploy a metric learning objective to leverage the label information for achieving distinguishable classification boundary. Empirical results show that our proposed method could outperform most of the baselines. Furthermore, ablation studies also demonstrate the effectiveness of each component of our method.
Solution to the Fokker-Planck equation for slowly driven Brownian motion: Emergent geometry and a formula for the corresponding thermodynamic metric
Creators: name: Wadia, Neha S.
name: Zarcone, Ryan V.
name: DeWeese, Michael R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Considerable progress has recently been made with geometrical approaches to understanding and controlling small out-of-equilibrium systems, but a mathematically rigorous foundation for these methods has been lacking. Towards this end, we develop a perturbative solution to the Fokker-Planck equation for one-dimensional driven Brownian motion in the overdamped limit enabled by the spectral properties of the corresponding single-particle Schrödinger operator. The perturbation theory is in powers of the inverse characteristic timescale of variation of the fastest varying control parameter, measured in units of the system timescale, which is set by the smallest eigenvalue of the corresponding Schrödinger operator. It applies to any Brownian system for which the Schrödinger operator has a confining potential. We use the theory to rigorously derive an exact formula for a Riemannian "thermodynamic" metric in the space of control parameters of the system. We show that up to second-order terms in the perturbation theory, optimal dissipation-minimizing driving protocols minimize the length defined by this metric. We also show that a previously proposed metric is calculable from our exact formula with corrections that are exponentially suppressed in a characteristic length scale. We illustrate our formula using the two-dimensional example of a harmonic oscillator with time-dependent spring constant in a time-dependent electric field. Lastly, we demonstrate that the Riemannian geometric structure of the optimal control problem is emergent; it derives from the form of the perturbative expansion for the probability density and persists to all orders of the expansion.
description: 14 pages; edited for clarity, matches published version
Informative Goodness-of-Fit for Multivariate Distributions
Creators: name: Algeri, Sara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article introduces an informative goodness-of-fit (iGOF) approach to study multivariate distributions. When the null model is rejected, iGOF allows us to identify the underlying sources of mismodeling and naturally equips practitioners with additional insights on the nature of the deviations from the true distribution. The informative character of the procedure is achieved by exploiting smooth tests and random fields theory to facilitate the analysis of multivariate data. Simulation studies show that iGOF enjoys high power for different types of alternatives. The methods presented here directly address the problem of background mismodeling arising in physics and astronomy. It is in these areas that the motivation of this work is rooted.
On the spectrum and linear programming bound for hypergraphs
Creators: name: Cioabă, Sebastian M.
name: Koolen, Jack H.
name: Mimura, Masato
name: Nozaki, Hiroshi
name: Okuda, Takayuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The spectrum of a graph is closely related to many graph parameters. In particular, the spectral gap of a regular graph which is the difference between its valency and second eigenvalue, is widely seen an algebraic measure of connectivity and plays a key role in the theory of expander graphs. In this paper, we extend previous work done for graphs and bipartite graphs and present a linear programming method for obtaining an upper bound on the order of a regular uniform hypergraph with prescribed distinct eigenvalues. Furthermore, we obtain a general upper bound on the order of a regular uniform hypergraph whose second eigenvalue is bounded by a given value. Our results improve and extend previous work done by Feng-Li (1996) on Alon-Boppana theorems for regular hypergraphs and by Dinitz-Schapira-Shahaf (2020) on the Moore or degree-diameter problem. We also determine the largest order of an $r$-regular $u$-uniform hypergraph with second eigenvalue at most $θ$ for several parameters $(r,u,θ)$. In particular, orthogonal arrays give the structure of the largest hypergraphs with second eigenvalue at most $1$ for every sufficiently large $r$. Moreover, we show that a generalized Moore geometry has the largest spectral gap among all hypergraphs of that order and degree.
description: references updated, fixed some typos, added explanation describing the differences between the graphs and hypergraphs results, 27 pages, 3 tables, European Journal of Combinatorics, accepted for publication
An explicit Dobrushin uniqueness region for Gibbs point processes with repulsive interactions
Creators: name: Houdebert, Pierre
name: Zass, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60K35, 60G55, 60G60, 82B21, 82B43, 82C22

description: We present a uniqueness result for Gibbs point processes with interactions that come from a non-negative pair potential; in particular, we provide an explicit uniqueness region in terms of activity $z$ and inverse temperature $β$. The technique used relies on applying to the continuous setting the classical Dobrushin criterion. We also present a comparison to the two other uniqueness methods of cluster expansion and disagreement percolation, which can also be applied for this type of interactions.
description: To appear in Journal of Applied Probability 59.2 (June 2022). 20 pages, 3 figures
Point Forces in Elasticity Equation and Their Alternatives in Multi Dimensions
Creators: name: Peng, Qiyao
name: Vermolen, Fred
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider several mathematical issues regarding models that simulate forces exerted by cells. Since the size of cells is much smaller than the size of the domain of computation, one often considers point forces, modelled by Dirac Delta distributions on boundary segments of cells. In the current paper, we treat forces that are directed normal to the cell boundary and that are directed toward the cell centre. Since it can be shown that there exists no smooth solution, at least not in $H^1$ for solutions to the governing momentum balance equation, we analyse the convergence and quality of the approximation. Furthermore, the expected finite element problems that we get necessitate scrutinizing alternative model formulations, such as the use of smoothed Dirac distributions, or the so-called smoothed particle approach as well as the so-called 'hole' approach where cellular forces are modelled through the use of (natural) boundary conditions. In this paper, we investigate and attempt to quantify the conditions for consistency between the various approaches. This has resulted in error analyses in the $H^1$-norm of the numerical solution based on Galerkin principles that entail Lagrangian basis functions. The paper also addresses well-posedness in terms of existence and uniqueness. The current analysis has been performed for the linear steady-state (hence neglecting inertia and damping) momentum equations under the assumption of Hooke's law.
New draft item
Creators: name: Lazarev, Vladimir
name: Nazarovets, Serhii
name: Skalaban, Alexey
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Library and Information Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: Для оценки научно-исследовательской деятельности университетов Беларуси и Украины обоснован набор библиометрических индикаторов, отличающихся от применявшихся в этих странах ранее. С его помощью сравнивается соответствующая активность вузов двух государств, приводятся данные об университетах-лидерах. Показано, что чувствительность индикатора «средняя цитируемость одной статьи» (из опубликованных в 2011–2015 гг.) к оперативным изменениям научной деятельности и усредненность показателя «количество публикаций в 10 % наиболее цитируемых публикаций аналогичной тематики» для различных областей знания обусловливают преимущество предложенного комплекса перед действующим в Украине и работавшим в Беларуси.
Eocene sand tiger sharks (Lamniformes, Odontaspididae) from the Bolca Konservat-Lagerstätte, Italy: palaeobiology, palaeobiogeography and evolutionary significance
Creators: name: Marramà, Giuseppe
name: Engelbrecht, Andrea
name: Carnevale, Giorgio
name: Kriwet, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Here we report the first record of one of the most common and widespread Palaeogene selachians, the sand tiger shark Brachycarcharias, from the Ypresian Bolca Konservat-Lagerstätte. The combination of dental character of the 15 isolated teeth collected from the Pesciara and Monte Postale sites (e.g. anterior teeth up to 25 mm with fairly low triangular cusp decreasing regularly in width; one to two pairs of well-developed lateral cusplets; root with broadly separated lobes; upper teeth with a cusp bent distally) supports their assignment to the odontaspidid Brachycarcharias lerichei (Casier, 1946), a species widely spread across the North Hemisphere during the early Palaeogene. The unambiguous first report of this lamniform shark in the Eocene Bolca Konservat-Lagerstätte improves our knowledge concerning the diversity and palaeobiology of the cartilaginous fishes of this palaeontological site, and provides new insights about the biotic turnovers that involved the high trophic levels of the marine settings after the end-Cretaceous extinction.
A Novel Ridge Detector for Nonstationary Multicomponent Signals: Development and Application to Robust Mode Retrieval
Creators: name: Laurent, Nils
name: Meignen, Sylvain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Time-frequency analysis is often used to study non stationary multicomponent signals, which can be viewed as the surperimposition of modes, associated with ridges in the TF plane. To understand such signals, it is essential to identify their constituent modes. This is often done by performing ridge detection in the time-frequency plane which is then followed by mode retrieval. Unfortunately, existing ridge detectors are often not enough robust to noise therefore hampering mode retrieval. In this paper, we therefore develop a novel approach to ridge detection and mode retrieval based on the analysis of the short-time Fourier transform of multicomponent signals in the presence of noise, which will prove to be much more robust than state-of-the-art methods based on the same time-frequency representation.
Antibiotic prophylaxis is not indicated prior to dental procedures for prevention of periprosthetic joint infections
Creators: name: Rademacher, Willem M H
name: Walenkamp, Geert H I M
name: Moojen, Dirk Jan F
name: Hendriks, Johannes G E
name: Goedendorp, Theo A
name: Rozema, Frederik R
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Computational Biology

description: Background and purpose — To minimize the risk of hematogenous periprosthetic joint infection (HPJI), international and Dutch guidelines recommended antibiotic prophylaxis prior to dental procedures. Unclear definitions and contradictory recommendations in these guidelines have led to unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions. To formulate new guidelines, a joint committee of the Dutch Orthopaedic and Dental Societies conducted a systematic literature review to answer the following question: can antibiotic prophylaxis be recommended for patients (with joint prostheses) undergoing dental procedures in order to prevent dental HPJI? Methods — The Medline, Embase, and Cochrane databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), reviews, and observational studies up to July 2015. Studies were included if they involved patients with joint implants undergoing dental procedures, and either considered HPJI as an outcome measure or described a correlation between HPJI and prophylactic antibiotics. A guideline was formulated using the GRADE method and AGREE II guidelines. Results — 9 studies were included in this systematic review. All were rated “very low quality of evidence”. Additional literature was therefore consulted to address clinical questions that provide further insight into pathophysiology and risk factors. The 9 studies did not provide evidence that use of antibiotic prophylaxis reduces the incidence of dental HPJI, and the additional literature supported the conclusion that antibiotic prophylaxis should be discouraged in dental procedures. Interpretation — Prophylactic antibiotics in order to prevent dental HPJI should not be prescribed to patients with a normal or an impaired immune system function. Patients are recommended to maintain good oral hygiene and visit the dentist regularly.
Quantile Regression Neural Networks: A Bayesian Approach
Creators: name: Jantre, Sanket R.
name: Bhattacharya, Shrijita
name: Maiti, Tapabrata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This article introduces a Bayesian neural network estimation method for quantile regression assuming an asymmetric Laplace distribution (ALD) for the response variable. It is shown that the posterior distribution for feedforward neural network quantile regression is asymptotically consistent under a misspecified ALD model. This consistency proof embeds the problem from density estimation domain and uses bounds on the bracketing entropy to derive the posterior consistency over Hellinger neighborhoods. This consistency result is shown in the setting where the number of hidden nodes grow with the sample size. The Bayesian implementation utilizes the normal-exponential mixture representation of the ALD density. The algorithm uses Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulation technique - Gibbs sampling coupled with Metropolis-Hastings algorithm. We have addressed the issue of complexity associated with the afore-mentioned MCMC implementation in the context of chain convergence, choice of starting values, and step sizes. We have illustrated the proposed method with simulation studies and real data examples.
Learning to Compress Videos without Computing Motion
Creators: name: Chen, Meixu
name: Goodall, Todd
name: Patney, Anjul
name: Bovik, Alan C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the development of higher resolution contents and displays, its significant volume poses significant challenges to the goals of acquiring, transmitting, compressing, and displaying high-quality video content. In this paper, we propose a new deep learning video compression architecture that does not require motion estimation, which is the most expensive element of modern hybrid video compression codecs like H.264 and HEVC. Our framework exploits the regularities inherent to video motion, which we capture by using displaced frame differences as video representations to train the neural network. In addition, we propose a new space-time reconstruction network based on both an LSTM model and a UNet model, which we call LSTM-UNet. The new video compression framework has three components: a Displacement Calculation Unit (DCU), a Displacement Compression Network (DCN), and a Frame Reconstruction Network (FRN). The DCU removes the need for motion estimation found in hybrid codecs and is less expensive. In the DCN, an RNN-based network is utilized to compress displaced frame differences as well as retain temporal information between frames. The LSTM-UNet is used in the FRN to learn space-time differential representations of videos. Our experimental results show that our compression model, which we call the MOtionless VIdeo Codec (MOVI-Codec), learns how to efficiently compress videos without computing motion. Our experiments show that MOVI-Codec outperforms the Low-Delay P veryfast setting of the video coding standard H.264 and exceeds the performance of the modern global standard HEVC codec, using the same setting, as measured by MS-SSIM, especially on higher resolution videos. In addition, our network outperforms the latest H.266 (VVC) codec at higher bitrates, when assessed using MS-SSIM, on high-resolution videos.
Against the Others! Detecting Moral Outrage inSocial Media Networks
Creators: name: Strathern, Wienke
name: Schoenfeld, Mirco
name: Ghawi, Raji
name: Pfeffer, Juergen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Online firestorms on Twitter are seemingly arbitrarily occurring outrages towards people, companies, media campaigns and politicians. Moral outrages can create an excessive collective aggressiveness against one single argument, one single word, or one action of a person resulting in hateful speech. With a collective "against the others" the negative dynamics often start. Using data from Twitter, we explored the starting points of several firestorm outbreaks. As a social media platform with hundreds of millions of users interacting in real-time on topics and events all over the world, Twitter serves as a social sensor for online discussions and is known for quick and often emotional disputes. The main question we pose in this article, is whether we can detect the outbreak of a firestorm. Given 21 online firestorms on Twitter, the key questions regarding the anomaly detection are: 1) How can we detect the changing point? 2) How can we distinguish the features that cause a moral outrage? In this paper we examine these challenges developing a method to detect the point of change systematically spotting on linguistic cues of tweets. We are able to detect outbreaks of firestorms early and precisely only by applying linguistic cues. The results of our work can help detect negative dynamics and may have the potential for individuals, companies, and governments to mitigate hate in social media networks.
Conference poster Strengthening Diamond Open Access in the Netherlands
Creators: name: van Rijn, Susanne
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Diamond Open Access
Scholarly Publishing

description: Diamond Open Access (DOA) refers to publishing models where ownership lies with the academiccommunity (scholarly- or library-led). DOA makes articles and books open available immediately andwithout embargo, does not charge fees to readers and/or authors and keeps copyright in the hands ofthe author. DOA contributes to a diverse publishing system by making it possible for researchers withsmall grants to publish Open Access and by publishing on topics and in languages that commercialpublishers tend to set aside.

Despite these advantages, DOA journals and publishers are struggling. With little to no budget,reliance on volunteering and a culture of evaluation built around impact factors, DOA is pushed into atight spot. With the program Strengthening Diamond Open Access in the Netherlands, the Dutch consortium of university libraries, UKB, aims to strengthen, make more sustainable and encourage DOA journals and publishers.

The poster includes an overview of the key objectives of the program as well as the three projects involved.
Magnifying quantum phase fluctuations with Cooper-pair pairing
Creators: name: Smith, W. C.
name: Villiers, M.
name: Marquet, A.
name: Palomo, J.
name: Delbecq, M. R.
name: Kontos, T.
name: Campagne-Ibarcq, P.
name: Douçot, B.
name: Leghtas, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Remarkably, complex assemblies of superconducting wires, electrodes, and Josephson junctions are compactly described by a handful of collective phase degrees of freedom that behave like quantum particles in a potential. The inductive wires contribute a parabolic confinement, while the tunnel junctions add a cosinusoidal corrugation. Usually, the ground state wavefunction is localized within a single potential well -- that is, quantum phase fluctuations are small -- although entering the regime of delocalization holds promise for metrology and qubit protection. A direct route is to loosen the inductive confinement and let the ground state phase spread over multiple Josephson periods, but this requires a circuit impedance vastly exceeding the resistance quantum and constitutes an ongoing experimental challenge. Here we take a complementary approach and fabricate a generalized Josephson element that can be tuned in situ between one- and two-Cooper-pair tunneling, doubling the frequency of the corrugation and thereby magnifying the number of wells probed by the ground state. We measure a tenfold suppression of flux sensitivity of the first transition energy, implying a twofold increase in the vacuum phase fluctuations.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
UKB networking day: poster presentation program Diamond Open Access
Creators: name: van Rijn, Susanne
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Diamond Open Access
Scholarly Publishing

description: Diamond Open Access (DOA) refers to publishing models where ownership lies with the academiccommunity (scholarly- or library-led). DOA makes articles and books open available immediately andwithout embargo, does not charge fees to readers and/or authors and keeps copyright in the hands ofthe author. DOA contributes to a diverse publishing system by making it possible for researchers withsmall grants to publish Open Access and by publishing on topics and in languages that commercialpublishers tend to set aside.

Despite these advantages, DOA journals and publishers are struggling. With little to no budget,reliance on volunteering and a culture of evaluation built around impact factors, DOA is pushed into atight spot. With the program Strengthening Diamond Open Access in the Netherlands, the Dutch consortium of university libraries, UKB, aims to strengthen, make more sustainable and encourage DOA journals and publishers.

The poster includes an overview of the key objectives of the program as well as the three projects involved.
Quantum Distance to Uncontrollability and Quantum Speed Limits
Creators: name: Burgarth, Daniel
name: Borggaard, Jeff
name: Zimborás, Zoltán
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Distance to Uncontrollability is a crucial concept in classical control theory. Here, we introduce Quantum Distance to Uncontrollability as a measure how close a universal quantum system is to a non-universal one. This allows us to provide a quantitative version of the Quantum Speed Limit, decomposing the bound into a geometric and dynamical component. We consider several physical examples including globally controlled solid state qubits and a cross-Kerr system, showing that the Quantum Distance to Uncontrollability provides a precise meaning to spectral crowding, weak interactions and other bottlenecks to universality. We suggest that this measure should be taken into consideration in the design of quantum technology.
description: 6 pages
MUXTOR AVEZOV QOZOQ ADABIYOTIGA QO`SHGAN HISSASI
Creators: name: Nurullayeva, Jazira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ushbu maqolada, Muxtor Avezov, Qozoq adabiyotiga qo‘shgan hissasi, uning so'zlari, o'zi o'zining adibiyotining chuqurliklari va ushbu adabiyot siyosatini chuqur tajriba qilishi faqida fikr yuritilgan.
Observability of 2HDM Neutral Higgs Bosons in fully hadronic decay at future linear collider
Creators: name: Kausar, Nadia
name: Ahmed, Ijaz
name: W, Ather M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study aims to investigate the observability of pseudoscalar Higgs boson $A$ and neutral heavy CP even Higgs boson $H$, at different benchmark points, in the framework of type-I 2HDM. The study is done for $e^{-}e^{+}$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 1000 GeV centre of mass energy (c.o.m.) a possible scenario in future lepton collider. The associated production of $A$ and $H$ in $e+ e-$ collisions are investigated in fully hadronic final state in two different channels. The first one is $AH \to ZHH \to j\bar{j} b \bar{b}b\bar{b}$ while the other one is $AH \to b \bar{b}b\bar{b}$. The observability of neutral heavy Higgs and pseudoscalar Higgs signal is possible within the parameter space $ (\tan β, m_{A}) $ which satisfies all experimental and theoretical constraints. The CP odd and CP even Higgs bosons in all scenarios are observable when signal exceeds $ 5σ$, which is the final extracted value of signal significance. The signal significance is calculated at different integrated luminosities. It is concluded from current analysis that fully hadronic channel is promising for search and measurement of the neutral Higgs Bosons in 2HDM.
description: 24,19
Perceptual error optimization for Monte Carlo rendering
Creators: name: Chizhov, Vassillen
name: Georgiev, Iliyan
name: Myszkowski, Karol
name: Singh, Gurprit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.3.7

description: Synthesizing realistic images involves computing high-dimensional light-transport integrals. In practice, these integrals are numerically estimated via Monte Carlo integration. The error of this estimation manifests itself as conspicuous aliasing or noise. To ameliorate such artifacts and improve image fidelity, we propose a perception-oriented framework to optimize the error of Monte Carlo rendering. We leverage models based on human perception from the halftoning literature. The result is an optimization problem whose solution distributes the error as visually pleasing blue noise in image space. To find solutions, we present a set of algorithms that provide varying trade-offs between quality and speed, showing substantial improvements over prior state of the art. We perform evaluations using quantitative and error metrics, and provide extensive supplemental material to demonstrate the perceptual improvements achieved by our methods.