cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
GADZOOKS! Antineutrino Spectroscopy with Large Water Cerenkov Detectors
Creators: name: Beacom, John F.
name: Vagins, Mark R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose modifying large water Čerenkov detectors by the addition of 0.2% gadolinium trichloride, which is highly soluble, newly inexpensive, and transparent in solution. Since Gd has an enormous cross section for radiative neutron capture, with $\sum E_γ= 8$ MeV, this would make neutrons visible for the first time in such detectors, allowing antineutrino tagging by the coincidence detection reaction $\barν_e + p \to e^+ + n$ (similarly for $\barν_μ$). Taking Super-Kamiokande as a working example, dramatic consequences for reactor neutrino measurements, first observation of the diffuse supernova neutrino background, Galactic supernova detection, and other topics are discussed.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett. Correspondence to beacom@fnal.gov, mvagins@uci.edu
The targum (1902:June 5 - 1902:June 19)
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: Targum Association
Year: 1902

description: Some University historians indicate that the Targum was first published as an annual in 1867, but of this we have no extant evidence. In January 1869, the Targum as we now know it, made its appearance as a monthly paper that concerned itself with student “literary contributions” and college news as well as serving as a vehicle for bringing news to alumni and the general public. The newspaper, which originally was for sale, varied in frequency over the years as did its title (The Targum, Rutgers Targum, Rutgers Daily Targum, and Daily Targum). The newspaper has continuously been published since 1869 with the exception of 19 months during the second world war, between February 1944 and October 1945. The Targum was published by the students of Rutgers College, and later Rutgers University—New Brunswick represented through the years as the Targum Association, Rutgers Targum Association, and Rutgers College Targum. As a student organization, the Targum operated under the oversight of the dean of students and student government but in October 1980, the Targum became an independent college paper.
Factorization and Shape-Function Effects in Inclusive B-Meson Decays
Creators: name: Bosch, S. W.
name: Lange, B. O.
name: Neubert, M.
name: Paz, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using methods of effective field theory, factorized expressions for arbitrary B -> X_u l nu decay distributions in the shape-function region of large hadronic energy and moderate hadronic invariant mass are derived. Large logarithms are resummed at next-to-leading order in renormalization-group improved perturbation theory. The operator product expansion is employed to relate moments of the renormalized shape function with HQET parameters such as m_b, Lambda(bar) and lambda_1 defined in a new physical subtraction scheme. An analytic expression for the asymptotic behavior of the shape function is obtained, which reveals that it is not positive definite. Explicit expressions are presented for the charged-lepton energy spectrum, the hadronic invariant mass distribution, and the spectrum in the hadronic light-cone momentum P_+ = E_H - P_H. A new method for a precision measurement of |V_{ub}| is proposed, which combines good theoretical control with high efficiency and a powerful discrimination against charm background.
description: 51 pages, 10 figures; minor corrections, version to appear in Nuclear Physics B
Proof of two supercongruences conjectured by Z.-W. Sun
Creators: name: Mao, Guo-Shuai
name: Wen, Chen-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we prove two supercongruences conjectured by Z.-W. Sun via the Wilf-Zeilberger method. One of them is, for any prime $p>3$, \begin{align*} \sum_{n=0}^{p-1}\frac{6n+1}{256^n}\binom{2n}n^3&\equiv p(-1)^{(p-1)/2}-p^3E_{p-3}\pmod{p^4}. \end{align*} In fact, this supercongruence is a generalization of a supercongruence of van Hamme.
title: Microbial Nitrate Dependent Fe2+ Oxidation: A Potential Early Mars Metabolism
Creators: name: Price, Alexander Boyd
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2020

description: This thesis experimentally investigates the proposition that aqueous environments with anoxic, reducing, circumneutral conditions, inorganic electron donors and oxidants such as nitrate may have allowed chemolithotrophic microbial metabolisms, such as nitrate-dependent Fe2+ oxidation (NDFO), to thrive on early Mars.

 The NDFO microorganisms, Acidovorax sp. strain BoFeN1, Paracoccus sp. strain KS1 and Pseudogulbenkiania sp. strain 2002, are demonstrated to grow lithoautotrophically with a Mars-relevant olivine Fe2+ source and in martian simulant media developed from in situ and meteorite geochemical data. Additionally, mixotrophic NDFO with Fe2+ and an organic co-substrate as electron donors, was shown to increase the extent of microbial growth, which gains importance in light of the confirmation of complex organics at the martian surface. Biomineralised microbial features were discovered after culture with olivine and the oxidation of Fe2+ was measured in heterotrophic cultures. Microfossils and Fe3+ compounds in reducing contexts provide targets for biosignature detection missions.

 In addition, this work presents findings on the biochemical mechanisms of NDFO, quantifying the relative contributions of the Nar respiratory nitrate reductase enzyme, putative ferroxidases and nitrite accumulation to Fe2+ oxidation during nitrate reduction. Gene knockout experiments revealed that Fe2+ oxidation in the heterotrophic Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium strain SL1344 is largely driven by the production of reactive nitrite ions during Nar activity. Draft genome analysis of Acidovorax sp. strain BoFeN1 and Paracoccus sp. strain KS1 revealed potential mechanisms of electron acquisition during Fe2+ oxidation, underlining that multiple mechanisms of NDFO exist.

 The combined findings of this thesis support the plausibility of NDFO in the deep martian past and propose mechanisms by which evidence may be preserved in the geological record of that planet.
title: Recollections and reflections of an australian patriot and a cambridge economist
Creators: name: HARCOURT, G.C.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Hargourt, Christian, Socialist, Australian, Recollections
subject: A10, B31

description: The paper is a contribution to a series of recollections and reflections on the professional experiences of distinguished economists which the Banca Nazionale del Lavoro Quarterly Review started in 1979. Hargourt describes is becoming an economist and subsequent academic life as a "Christian socialist". JEL Codes: A10, B31
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 48, N. 194 (1995)
Annihilation of single-species charged particles based on the Dyson gas dynamics
Creators: name: Gonzalez-Ortiz, Cristhian
name: Tellez, Gabriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the annihilation of equally-charged particles based on the Brownian motion model built by F. Dyson for $N$ particles with charge $q$ interacting via the log-Coulomb potential on the unitary circle at a reduced inverse temperature $β$, defined as $β=q^2/(k_B T)$. We derive an analytical approach in order to describe the large-$t$ asymptotic behaviour for the number density decay, which can be described as a power law, i.e., $n\sim t^{-ν}$. For a sufficiently large $β$, the power law exponent $ν$ behaves as $(β+1)^{-1}$, which was corroborated through several computational simulations. For small $β$, in the diffusive regime, we recover the exponent of 1/2 as predicted by single-species uncharged annihilation.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Information geometry in quantum field theory: lessons from simple examples
Creators: name: Erdmenger, Johanna
name: Grosvenor, Kevin T.
name: Jefferson, Ro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the increasing connections between information theory and high-energy physics, particularly in the context of the AdS/CFT correspondence, we explore the information geometry associated to a variety of simple systems. By studying their Fisher metrics, we derive some general lessons that may have important implications for the application of information geometry in holography. We begin by demonstrating that the symmetries of the physical theory under study play a strong role in the resulting geometry, and that the appearance of an AdS metric is a relatively general feature. We then investigate what information the Fisher metric retains about the physics of the underlying theory by studying the geometry for both the classical 2d Ising model and the corresponding 1d free fermion theory, and find that the curvature diverges precisely at the phase transition on both sides. We discuss the differences that result from placing a metric on the space of theories vs. states, using the example of coherent free fermion states. We compare the latter to the metric on the space of coherent free boson states and show that in both cases the metric is determined by the symmetries of the corresponding density matrix. We also clarify some misconceptions in the literature pertaining to different notions of flatness associated to metric and non-metric connections, with implications for how one interprets the curvature of the geometry. Our results indicate that in general, caution is needed when connecting the AdS geometry arising from certain models with the AdS/CFT correspondence, and seek to provide a useful collection of guidelines for future progress in this exciting area.
description: 36 pages, 2 figures; added new section and appendix, miscellaneous improvements
Numerical calculation of the energy relative fluctuation for a system in contact with a finite heat bath
Creators: name: Potiguar, F. Q.
name: Costa, U. M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a scheme of separation of degrees of freedom for a system, in order to produce two systems with finite number of degrees of freedom. Our intent is to measure the energy square relative fluctuation (SRF) of the observable part through the simulation of two simple examples of composed systems, the harmonic oscillator, and the chain of quartic oscillators. We want to test the result found previously by us through the finite heat bath canonical ensemble (cond-mat/0210525), which is an application of Tsallis' statistics. We see that the results found here are in very good agreement with the theoretical predicted value. This suggests that this kind of finite systems is ergodic, and that they do not provide ``bad'' statistics.
description: Latex, 5 figures, 2 tables
title: Capturing and Exploiting Citation Knowledge for the Recommendation of Scientific Publications
Creators: name: Khadka, Anita
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2020

description: With the continuous growth of scientific literature, it is becoming increasingly challenging to discover relevant scientific publications from the plethora of available academic digital libraries. Despite the current scale, important efforts have been achieved towards the research and development of academic search engines, reference management tools, review management platforms, scientometrics systems, and recommender systems that help finding a variety of relevant scientific items, such as publications, books, researchers, grants and events, among others.

 This thesis focuses on recommender systems for scientific publications. Existing systems do not always provide the most relevant scientific publications to users, despite they are present in the recommendation space. A common limitation is the lack of access to the full content of the publications when designing the recommendation methods. Solutions are largely based on the exploitation of metadata (e.g., titles, abstracts, lists of references, etc.), but rarely with the text of the publications. Another important limitation is the lack of time awareness. Existing works have not addressed the important scenario of recommending the most recent publications to users, due to the challenge of recommending items for which no ratings (i.e., user preferences) have been yet provided. The lack of evaluation benchmarks also limits the evolution and progress of the field.

 This thesis investigates the use of fine-grained forms of citation knowledge, extracted from the full textual content of scientific publications, to enhance recommendations: citation proximity, citation context, citation section, citation graph and citation intention. We design and develop new recommendation methods that incorporate such knowledge, individually and in combination.

 By conducting offline evaluations, as well as user studies, we show how the use of citation knowledge does help enhancing the performance of existing recommendation methods when addressing two key tasks: (i) recommending scientific publications for a given work, and (ii) recommending recent scientific publications to a user. Two novel evaluation benchmarks have also been generated and made available for the scientific community.
MOESM1 of Antifungal resistance in patients with Candidaemia: a retrospective cohort study
Creators: name: Namareq Aldardeer
name: Hadiel Albar
name: Al-Attas, Majda
name: Abdelmoneim Eldali
name: Qutub, Mohammed
name: Hassanien, Ashraf
name: Alraddadi, Basem
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Resistance pattern among candidemia patients with available susceptibility data by Candida isolates. Table S2. Resistance pattern among candidemia patients with available susceptibility data by antifungal group. Table S3. Multivariate regression analysis for the statistically significant risk factors affecting mortality in patients with antifungal resistance candidemia.
XMM-Newton observations of three high-redshift radio galaxies
Creators: name: Belsole, E.
name: Worrall, D. M.
name: Hardcastle, M. J.
name: Birkinshaw, M.
name: Lawrence, C. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of XMM-Newton observations of three high-redshift powerful radio galaxies 3C 184, 3C 292 and 3C 322. Although none of the sources lies in as rich an X-ray-emitting environment as is seen for some powerful radio galaxies at low redshift, the environments provide sufficient pressure to confine the radio lobes. The weak gas emission is particularly interesting for 3C 184, where a gravitational arc is seen, suggesting the presence of a massive cluster. Here Chandra data complement the XMM-Newton measurements by spatially separating X-rays from the extended atmosphere, the nucleus and the small-scale radio source. For 3C 292 the X-ray-emitting gas has a temperature of ~2 keV and luminosity of 6.5E43 erg/s, characteristic of a poor cluster. In all three cases, structures where the magnetic-field strength can be estimated through combining measurements of radio-synchrotron and inverse-Compton-X-ray emission, are consistent with being in a state of minimum total energy. 3C 184 and 3C 292 (and possibly 3C 322) have a heavily absorbed component of nuclear emission of N_H ~ $ few 10^{23} cm^{-2}.
description: 12 pages, 18 figures (5 postscript, 13 jpeg). Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Version with full resolution figures at http://www.star.bris.ac.uk/elena/xmmhizg.pdf
Spectrum of third sound cavity modes on superfluid $^3$He films
Creators: name: Vorontsov, A.
name: Sauls, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report theoretical calculations of the spectrum of third sound modes for a cylindrically symmetric film of superfluid $^3$He, and compare these results with experimental data for the mode frequencies and amplitude spectrum of surface waves of superfluid $^3$He films.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, LaTeX, submitted to JLTP
Spectral action approach to higher derivative gravity
Creators: name: Mistry, Ravi
name: Pinzul, Aleksandr
name: Rachwał, Lesław
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the spectral action approach to higher derivative gravity. The work focuses on the classical aspects. We derive the complete and simplified form of the purely gravitational action up to the 6-derivative terms. We also derive the equivalent forms of the action, which might prove useful in different applications, namely Riemann- and Weyl-dominated representations. The spectral action provides a rather rigid structure of the higher derivative part of the theory. We discuss the possible consequences of this rigidness. As one of the applications, we check whether the conformal backgrounds are preferred in some way on the classical level, with the conclusion that at this level, there is no obvious reason for such a preference, the space $S^1 \times S^3$ studied in earlier works being a special case. Some other possible properties of the higher derivative gravity given by the spectral action are briefly discussed.
description: typos and small mistakes corrected, references added, journal version
title: Consumer Tribes And Traditional Tribes That Consume: An Exploratory Study Of Kenyan Tribes’ Consumption Practices Within A Modernising Tribal Society
Creators: name: Michuki, Gidraph Mungai
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2020

description: By exploring traditional tribes’ consumption practices within a modernising tribal society, this thesis identifies and examines how tribal customs are embodied and used to affirm tribal identities in Kenya. This thesis explores how and why consumption is used to express individual and collective conformity to tribal customs. A theory-building ethnographic approach was adopted, utilising three months of multi-method data collection in Kenya and a 12-month online study. 26 semi-structured face-to-face interviews were undertaken in Kenya (male N = 16 and female N = 10). The findings indicate that embodiment of tribal customs happens amongst coalescing consumers who share a regard for their tribal identities. This study reveals selective sociality through what I refer to as tribes-constituted consumption assemblages (TCAs), where individual and collective re-interpretation and re-enactment of what it means to be a tribal person happens. For example, the emergence of women-only TCAs where gender stereotypes are challenged whilst re-interpreting and renegotiating women’s social position within a patriarchal tribal society, and pan-tribal TCAs that shared a passion for economic capital, re-interpreting, bridging and subsuming historical tribal rivalries. This thesis reveals how consumers use tribal gatherings to conspicuously display their tribal practices, consequently acquiring cultural capital from discerning others. Acquired tribal cultural capital is then used to negotiate for social recognition within TCAs and wider Kenyan society where the tribe holds special meanings. The shared allure for re-creating tribal customs from a long-established past, acts as the linking value for TCA members. However, unlike the Western derived consumer tribes where the ‘linking value’ is a mutual passion for marketplace goods, TCAs are linked by their mutual belief in tribal identities, and, their shared passion for re-creating tribal customs to tackle imagined threats to tribal authenticity from modernisation. This thesis concludes that tribal identities are perpetually generative, and consumerism plays a vital role in evolving tribalism.
Improved infrared photometry and a preliminary parallax measurement for the extremely cold brown dwarf CWISEP J144606.62$-$231717.8
Creators: name: Marocco, Federico
name: Kirkpatrick, J. Davy
name: Meisner, Aaron M.
name: Caselden, Dan
name: Eisenhardt, Peter R. M.
name: Cushing, Michael C.
name: Faherty, Jacqueline K.
name: Gelino, Christopher R.
name: Wright, Edward L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present follow-up $Spitzer$ observations at 3.6$μ$m (ch1) and 4.5$μ$m (ch2) of CWISEP J144606.62$-$231717.8, one of the coldest known brown dwarfs in the solar neighborhood. This object was found by mining the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer ($WISE$) and $NEOWISE$ data via the CatWISE Preliminary Catalog by Meisner et al. (2019b), where an initial $Spitzer$ color of ch1$-$ch2 = 3.71$\pm$0.44 mag was reported, implying it could be one of the reddest, and hence coldest, known brown dwarfs. Additional $Spitzer$ data presented here allows us to revise its color to ch1$-$ch2 = 2.986$\pm$0.048 mag, which makes CWISEP J144606.62$-$231717.8 the 5th reddest brown dwarf ever observed. A preliminary trigonometric parallax measurement, based on a combination of $WISE$ and $Spitzer$ astrometry, places this object at a distance of 10.1$^{+1.7}_{-1.3}$ pc. Based on our improved $Spitzer$ color and preliminary parallax, CWISEP J144606.62$-$231717.8 has a $T_{\rm eff}$ in the 310$-$360 K range. Assuming an age of 0.5$-$13 Gyr, this corresponds to a mass between 2 and 20 $M_{\rm Jup}$.
description: Accepted by ApJL. 8 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Simulium (Chirostilbia) jefersoni Hamada, Hernandez, Luz & Pepinelli 2006
Creators: name: Hernández, Luis Miguel
name: Shelley, Anthony John
name: Dias, Antonio Paulino Andrade De Luna
name: Maia-Herzog, Marilza
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Simuliidae
Simulium
Simulium jefersoni

description: Simulium (Chirostilbia) jefersoni Hamada, Hernández, Luz & Pepinelli, 2006
 All material listed as S. jefersoni in Hamada et al. (2006) as housed at the BMNH was examined for this paper.
description: Published as part of Hernández, Luis Miguel, Shelley, Anthony John, Dias, Antonio Paulino Andrade De Luna & Maia-Herzog, Marilza, 2008, Carcinoma Folicular de Tiroides concomitante con Hiperparatiroidismo Primario. Caso Clínico, pp. 1-100 in Zootaxa 1834 on page 82, DOI: 10.34631/sporl.419, http://zenodo.org/record/5127135
title: The Transition To Blended Learning: Students’ Perceptions Of Online Interaction
Creators: name: Bentinck, Valerie Ann
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2020

description: This thesis investigates the problem of low student interest and interaction in online synchronous and asynchronous activity during a transitional phase to blended learning. The key research question investigated how students’ experience of blended learning might inform practice, in order to improve students’ participation in online interaction. The participants were a self-selected sample of 581 students aged 19 to 73 years and predominately woman students. This sample was obtained from 13 regions of The Open University across the UK from students who had studied two undergraduate psychology modules at The Open University during the transition in 2012 to a blended learning tuition strategy. A mixed-methods case study design was employed, composed of an adapted version the Course Experience Questionnaire originally designed by Ramsden (1991). This instrument consisted of 37 questions exploring students’ perceptions of the introduction of blended learning into their respective modules, further modified with the addition of a ‘tick-box’ media survey and an expandable window for students to offer open comments on their experience. Factor analysis was applied to the two sets of quantitative data and thematic analysis to the qualitative data set, employing a convergent design. The findings from the three data sets complemented each other to represent the students’ perspectives on blended learning which served to reveal areas of students’ learning and interaction that did not comfortably align with theoretical ideas and expectations regarding blended learning provision, suggesting a social constructivist theoretical explanation to account for this disjuncture. The findings draw attention to the pedagogy and design of blended learning that remain relevant in practice today. Enhancing the performance of curriculum design and delivery is suggested in order to further develop the blended learning experience of students. It is recommended that some reconceptualisation of the tutors’ role should be considered. Further qualitative research to coalesce feedback from module designers, tutors and students on blended learning modules is also recommended.
Coefficients and Roots of Ehrhart Polynomials
Creators: name: Beck, M.
name: De Loera, J. A.
name: Develin, M.
name: Pfeifle, J.
name: Stanley, R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52C07; 52B20 05A15

description: The Ehrhart polynomial of a convex lattice polytope counts integer points in integral dilates of the polytope. We present new linear inequalities satisfied by the coefficients of Ehrhart polynomials and relate them to known inequalities. We also investigate the roots of Ehrhart polynomials. We prove that for fixed d, there exists a bounded region of C containing all roots of Ehrhart polynomials of d-polytopes, and that all real roots of these polynomials lie in [-d, [d/2]). In contrast, we prove that when the dimension d is not fixed the positive real roots can be arbitrarily large. We finish with an experimental investigation of the Ehrhart polynomials of cyclic polytopes and 0/1-polytopes.
description: 24 pages, 7 figures
Off Equilibrium Study of the Fluctuation-Dissipation Relation in the Easy-Axis Heisenberg Antiferromagnet on the Kagome Lattice
Creators: name: Bekhechi, S.
name: Southern, B. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Violation of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem (FDT) in a frustrated Heisenberg model on the Kagome lattice is investigated using Monte Carlo simulations. The model exhibits glassy behaviour at low temperatures accompanied by very slow dynamics. Both the spin-spin autocorrelation function and the response to an external magnetic field are studied. Clear evidence of a constant value of the fluctuation dissipation ratio and long range memory effects are observed for the first time in this model. The breakdown of the FDT in the glassy phase follows the predictions of the mean field theory for spin glasses with one-step replica symmetry breaking.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
In Defense of Grid Features for Visual Question Answering
Creators: name: Jiang, Huaizu
name: Misra, Ishan
name: Rohrbach, Marcus
name: Learned-Miller, Erik
name: Chen, Xinlei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Popularized as 'bottom-up' attention, bounding box (or region) based visual features have recently surpassed vanilla grid-based convolutional features as the de facto standard for vision and language tasks like visual question answering (VQA). However, it is not clear whether the advantages of regions (e.g. better localization) are the key reasons for the success of bottom-up attention. In this paper, we revisit grid features for VQA, and find they can work surprisingly well - running more than an order of magnitude faster with the same accuracy (e.g. if pre-trained in a similar fashion). Through extensive experiments, we verify that this observation holds true across different VQA models (reporting a state-of-the-art accuracy on VQA 2.0 test-std, 72.71), datasets, and generalizes well to other tasks like image captioning. As grid features make the model design and training process much simpler, this enables us to train them end-to-end and also use a more flexible network design. We learn VQA models end-to-end, from pixels directly to answers, and show that strong performance is achievable without using any region annotations in pre-training. We hope our findings help further improve the scientific understanding and the practical application of VQA. Code and features will be made available.
MOESM1 of Plant hormone induced enrichment of Chlorella sp. omega-3 fatty acids
Creators: name: Ramachandran Sivaramakrishnan
name: Aran Incharoensakdi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S.1. The fuel properties of ABA treated Chlorella sp. Table S.2. Primers used. Fig. S.1. The Chlorella sp. observed under a light microscope at 40X magnification. Fig. S.2.a.b.c. Response of Chlorophyll a, carotenoids and oxygen evolution rate after plant hormone treatment. Fig. S.3. FTIR spectra of control and plant hormone (optimized only) treated Chlorella sp. Fig. S.4. The genes involved in the omega-3 fatty acid synthesis pathway.
Simulium (Chirostilbia) dekeyseri Shelley & Py-Daniel 1981
Creators: name: Hernández, Luis Miguel
name: Shelley, Anthony John
name: Dias, Antonio Paulino Andrade De Luna
name: Maia-Herzog, Marilza
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Simuliidae
Simulium
Simulium dekeyseri

description: Simulium (Chirostilbia) dekeyseri Shelley & Py-Daniel, 1981
 All material listed as S. dekeyseri in Shelley & Py-Daniel (1981) and Hernández et al. (2007) was examined in this paper. Further material is as follows:
description: Published as part of Hernández, Luis Miguel, Shelley, Anthony John, Dias, Antonio Paulino Andrade De Luna & Maia-Herzog, Marilza, 2008, Carcinoma Folicular de Tiroides concomitante con Hiperparatiroidismo Primario. Caso Clínico, pp. 1-100 in Zootaxa 1834 on page 78, DOI: 10.34631/sporl.419, http://zenodo.org/record/5127135
Gradient and GENERIC evolution towards reduced dynamics
Creators: name: Grmela, Miroslav
name: Klika, Vaclav
name: Pavelka, Michal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Let (M,J) be a dynamical model of macroscopic systems and (N,K) a less microscopic model (i.e. a model involving less details) of the same macroscopic systems; M and N are manifolds, J are vector fields on M, and K are vector fields on N. Let P be the phase portrait corresponding to (M,J) (i.e. P is the set of all trajectories in M generated by a family of vector fields in J), and R the phase portrait corresponding to (N,K). Thermodynamics in its general sense is a pattern recognition process in which R is recognized as a pattern in P. In particular, the classical (both equilibrium and nonequilibrium) thermodynamics arises in the investigation of relations between models (M,J) and models without time evolution, i.e. models with K= 0. In such case R is a submanifold of M composed of fixed points. Let Su mapping M to R be a potential, called an upper entropy, generating the vector field J. The equilibrium thermodynamic relation in N is the lower entropy Sd(y) defined by Sd(y)=Su(x=y), where x is in M,y in N, and y is given by a final destination (i.e. when the time goes to infinity) of x in the time evolution generated by the vector field J. In this paper we show that if K is not zero (e.g. in externally forced or, in other words, open systems), then the reduction also provides thermodynamics (we call it flux-thermodynamics). If certain conditions are satisfied, then the lower entropy Ss, that arises in the investigation of the approach of J to K, is the time derivative of the lower entropy Sd arising in the investigation of the approach of M to N as t goes to infinity.
description: submitted
title: Apolipoprotein E Isoforms Differentially Regulate Matrix Metallopeptidase 9 Function in Alzheimer’s Disease
Creators: name: Ringland, Charis
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2020

description: Apolipoprotein E (APOE) is a major genetic risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and has been shown to influence amyloid-β (Aβ) clearance from the brain in an isoform-specific manner. Our prior work showed Aβ transit across the blood-brain-barrier was reduced by apoE4, compared to other apoE isoforms, due to elevated lipoprotein receptor shedding in brain endothelia. Recently, we demonstrated matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9) induces lipoprotein receptor proteolysis in an apoE isoform-dependent manner, which impacts Aβ elimination from the brain. The current studies interrogated the relationship between apoE and MMP-9 and found apoE dose-dependently reduced MMP-9 activity in a cell-free assay, with apoE4 showing a significantly weaker ability to inhibit MMP-9 function than apoE2 or apoE3. Moreover, these effects may be due to the reduced binding affinity of apoE4 for MMP-9 compared to apoE2 and apoE3 as revealed by kinetic binding studies. Elevated MMP-9 expression and activity was observed in the cerebrovasculature of both human and animal AD brain specimens with an APOE4 genotype. The apoE isoforms also lead to altered levels of MMP-9 secreted from brain endothelia cultures (apoE2
Early Stages of the GRB Explosion
Creators: name: Beloborodov, Andrei M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Physics of GRB blast waves is discussed with a focus on two effects: (1) pair creation in the external medium by the gamma-ray front and (2) decay of neutrons ahead of the decelerating blast wave. Both effects impact the afterglow mechanism at radii up to 10^{17}cm.
description: 5 pages, to appear in the proceedings of the 2003 GRB Conference, Santa Fe, Sep 8-12
Infinite Divisibility and Max-Infinite Divisibility with Random Sample Size
Creators: name: Satheesh, S.
name: Sandhya, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60E07, 60E10, 60G70 (Primary) 62E10, 62E20, 91B28 (Secondary)

description: Continuing the study reported in Satheesh (2001),(math.PR/0304499 dated 01 May 2003) and Satheesh (2002)(math.PR/0305030 dated 02May 2003), here we study generalizations of infinitely divisible (ID) and max-infinitely divisible (MID) laws. We show that these generalizations appear as limits of random sums and random maximums respectively. For the random sample size N, we identify a class of probability generating functions. Necessary and sufficient conditions that implies the convergence to an ID (MID) law by the convergence to these generalizations and vise versa are given. The results generalize those on ID and random ID laws studied previously in Satheesh (2001b, 2002) and those on geometric MID laws studies in Rachev and Resnick (1991). We discuss attraction and partial attraction in this generalization of ID and MID laws.
description: 14 pages, in journal format. In the first sentence of the last paragraph on page 131 the part after the second comma was inadvertently omitted and was missed even in the proof reading. This has been corrected
MOESM4 of Sublingual microcirculation does not reflect red blood cell transfusion thresholds in the intensive care unit—a prospective observational study in the intensive care unit
Creators: name: Scheuzger, Jonas
name: Zehnder, Anna
name: Meier, Vera
name: Yeginsoy, Desirée
name: Flükiger, Julian
name: Siegemund, Martin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 4: Table S2. Correlations of tissue oxygenation and pre-transfusion MFI/PPV.
Depletion forces near a soft surface
Creators: name: Bickel, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate excluded-volume effects in a bidisperse colloidal suspension near a flexible interface. Inspired by a recent experiment by Dinsmore et al. (Phys. Rev, Lett. 80, 409 (1998)), we study the adsorption of a mesoscopic bead on the surface and show that depletion forces could in principle lead to particle encapsulation. We then consider the effect of surface fluctuations on the depletion potential itself and construct the density profile of a polymer solution near a soft interface. Surprisingly we find that the chains accumulate at the wall, whereas the density displays a deficit of particles at distances larger than the surface roughness. This non-monotonic behavior demonstrates that surface fluctuations can have major repercusions on the properties of a colloidal solution. On average, the additional contribution to the Gibbs adsorbance is negative. The amplitude of the depletion potential between a mesoscopic bead and the surface increases accordingly.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
title: Developing an Agile-based toolkit at The Open University to support the production of online learning content
Creators: name: Bridgman, Sarah
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2020

description: Higher Education (HE) in the United Kingdom (UK) is changing, prompting universities to reconsider their position in a complex and uncertain sector. This thesis argues that university business models have not evolved to become responsive to change - unlike new providers who do not have years of history, culture and process to unravel and reform. This research informed the development of an Agile toolkit, based on the Agile philosophy, to support the production of online learning content. To be used to stimulate change, the toolkit enables practitioners to reflect on their practice and offers an approach to increasing agility. Agile is an approach underpinned by a common set of values and principles derived from the numerous software development methods that sit under the “Agile” umbrella. Outside of academia, there has been a rise in the use of Agile methods to respond to the need to speed up efficiency and innovation. A review of the literature identified a need for research that offers a multi-dimensional perspective on the implementation of the Agile philosophy in HE and in the UK, where it is still an emerging phenomenon. To address this gap, the research used Activity Theory to explore how Agile could be implemented within an academic context to realise benefits like those gained from its implementation in the software development world. Focusing on practice within The Open University (UK), this research sought to understand: • Which current online production practices align with the Agile principles. • How learning organisations can implement Agile principles and practices within the production of online learning content. Using a flexible methodological framework to collaborate with practitioners for practitioners, the research compared a variety of existing production practices with Agile. It also surfaced a desired future way of working based on what practitioners value, providing a positive foundation for change.
MOESM3 of Sublingual microcirculation does not reflect red blood cell transfusion thresholds in the intensive care unit—a prospective observational study in the intensive care unit
Creators: name: Scheuzger, Jonas
name: Zehnder, Anna
name: Meier, Vera
name: Yeginsoy, Desirée
name: Flükiger, Julian
name: Siegemund, Martin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3: Table S1. Correlations of microvascular variables and hemodynamic variables.
Magnetic textures and dynamics in magnetic Weyl semimetals
Creators: name: Araki, Yasufumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent theoretical and experimental attemps have been successful in finding magnetic Weyl semimetal phases, which show both nodal-point structure in the electronic bands and magnetic orders. Beyond uniform ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic orders, nonuniform magnetic textures, such as domain walls and skyrmions, may even more enrich the properties of the Weyl electrons in such materials. This article gives a topical review on interplay between Weyl electrons and magnetic textures in those magnetic Weyl semimetals. The basics of magnetic textures in non-topological magnetic metals are reviewed first, and then the effect of magnetic textures in Weyl semimetals is discussed, regarding the recent theoretical and experimental progress therein. The idea of the fictitious "axial gauge fields" is pointed out, which effectively describes the effect of magnetic textures on the Weyl electrons and can well account for the properties of the electrons localized around magnetic domain walls.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures; topical review published as a Feature Article in Annalen der Physik
Carnet nº 2, commencé à Vienne (p. 113)
Creators: name: Péraire, Lucien
name: CNRS
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2023

description: created: 22-10-1928
Intrinsic electric field effects on few-particle interactions in coupled GaN quantum dots
Creators: name: De Rinaldis, Sergio
name: D'Amico, Irene
name: Rossi, Fausto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the multi-exciton optical spectrum of vertically coupled GaN/AlN quantum dots with a realistic three-dimensional direct-diagonalization approach for the description of few-particle Coulomb-correlated states. We present a detailed analysis of the fundamental properties of few-particle/exciton interactions peculiar of nitride materials. The giant intrinsic electric fields and the high electron/hole effective masses give rise to different effects compared to GaAs-based quantum dots: intrinsic exciton-exciton coupling, non-molecular character of coupled dot exciton wavefunction, strong dependence of the oscillator strength on the dot height, large ground state energy shift for dots separated by different barriers. Some of these effects make GaN/AlN quantum dots interesting candidates in quantum information processing.
description: 23 pages, 8 figures, 1 table
title: Beyond The ‘Untold’ Encountering Autism: Situated Insights On Ways To Enable Participation In Design
Creators: name: Cadamuro, Alessia
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2020

description: The number of people who experience autism is constantly increasing. In 2020, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention determined that, every year, approximately 1 out of 54 children is diagnosed with the autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In the last years, the number of research and studies dedicated to children with autism has increased; however, scarce attention was paid to research on adults with autism, particularly those on the severe end of the spectrum (low-functioning autism), who have limited verbal abilities and non-normative communication. Consequences of this include issues of social inclusion, lack of services, work opportunities, social and civil rights, to mention a few, which are not yet sufficiently explored nor implemented for this specific group of people. This thesis employs Participatory Design to explore novel ways to engage with people on the autistic spectrum, in the attempt to understand what processes and participatory dynamics become enacted in acknowledging them as equal, valuable presences in the constitution of our collective existence and society. In particular, the research looks at processes and activities that can lead to a collaboration between designers and adults with severe autism and non-normative communication abilities, and their active participation within the research process. By theoretically drawing from traditions of Feminist Theory and Participatory Design, this thesis considers one single case study, where collaboration with the participant is achieved by means of a situated approach to design research. My standpoint and philosophical positioning here are to acknowledge that there are multiple realities through which one can make sense of the world: this research envisions that each person constructs her or his own reality through their personal experiences. Such philosophical perspective aims at emphasising and valuing subjectivity, and the consequent, intrinsic partiality that constitute our human experience. Personalised and situated research objects are also used across the thesis as methodological elements, oriented to explore the potential of triggering participation, crossing the boundaries between different communication abilities and achieving mutual understanding between designer and participant. The contribution to knowledge provided from this research is three fold: first, it provides new insights about the creation of research objects that result from a situated and process-oriented approach to Participatory Design; second, it extends knowledge concerning design practices that involve the collaborative participation of people experiencing the severe 4 end of the autistic spectrum; third, it contributes to provide new narratives concerning peoplewith non-normative communication abilities and autism.