cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
TREATMENT OUTCOME ASSESSMENT OF FOUR IMPLANT-RETAINED PALATELESS MAXILLARY OVERDENTURES WITH BIOLOGICAL AND BIOMECHANICAL COMPLICATIONS: A ONE-YEAR OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
Creators: name: Saenz de Viteri Tejeda, Hector
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: ABSTRACT
      Treatment outcome assessment of four-implant retained palateless maxillary overdentures with biological and biomechanical complications: a one-year observational study
      Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the treatment outcome of four implant- retained palateless maxillary overdentures, their attachment systems, and the condition of surrounding hard and soft tissues after one year of use.
      Methods: Patients who had received a four implant-retained maxillary overdenture one-year prior were evaluated. Follow up visits consisted of an examination of the tissues and the prostheses, implant parts, a series of periapical radiographs to evaluate the bone levels around the implants, and probing depths. Prosthetic maintenance service was completed, and complications that were encountered were recorded.
      Results: Eleven patients received a final maxillary overdenture from a previous study. They wore a maxillary implant retained overdenture for one year. The follow up incidence was 78.6%. A total of 44 implants were evaluated for biomechanical and biological complications. There was 100% survival rate of the dental implants, a total of 30 mechanical complications, and a total of 16 implants presenting with bone loss. The two most common mechanical complications were the replacement of the nylon inserts due to loss of retention and denture tooth fracture.
      Conclusions: Biologic complications may be prevented or reduced by avoiding short dental implants placed in bone of limited quantity and quality. Biomechanical complications may be prevented or reduced by providing palatal coverage and bilateral balanced occlusion.
Possibilia: Possible Worlds and the Limitless in Architecture
Creators: name: Pickersgill, Sean
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2017

description: Speculative architectural projects, by definition, challenge the viewer to understand the relationship between the fictionalised world they portray and the possible states of affairs that have come into existence for the project to ‘exist’. It is the question of how a speculative project can ‘exist’ in our understanding of the world in a meaningful, non-trivial fashion that is the subject of this article. Employing some basic structural clarity from contemporary modal logic, and from studies in fictionality, it is possible to see a renewed value in the ‘worlds’ that speculative projects describe, and to understand the profound philosophical value in imagining an existence in an ‘other’ world.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 20 | Spring / Summer 2017 | Analytic Philosophy and Architecture: Approaching Things from the Other Side
ManeParse: a Mathematica reader for Parton Distribution Functions
Creators: name: Clark, D. B.
name: Godat, E.
name: Olness, F. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Parton Distribution Functions (PDFs) are essential non-perturbative inputs for calculation of any observable with hadronic initial states. These PDFs are released by individual groups as discrete grids as a function of the Bjorken-x and energy scale Q. The LHAPDF project at HepForge maintains a repository of PDFs from various groups in a new standardized LHAPDF6 format, as well as older formats such as the CTEQ PDS grid format. ManeParse is a package that provides PDFs within the Mathematica framework to facilitate calculating and plotting. The program is self-contained so there are no external links to any Fortran, C or C++ programs. The package includes the option to use the built-in Mathematica interpolation or a custom cubic Lagrange interpolation routine which allows for flexibility in the extrapolation (particularly at small x values). ManeParse is fast enough to enable simple calculations (involving even one or two integrations) to be easily computed in the Mathematica framework.
description: 15 pages, 16 figures, 3 tables, pdflatex. Version 2: Update to published CPC version. Source files available at: http://ncteq.hepforge.org
Supplementary Information for, An Electromagnetic Calculation of Ionospheric Conductance that seems to Override the Field Line Integrated Conductivity
Creators: name: Cosgrove, Russell B.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: ionosphere, conductance, electromagnetic

description: This is the Supplementary Information for the paper, An Electromagnetic Calculation of Ionospheric Conductance that seems to Override the Field Line Integrated Conductivity, by R. B. Cosgrove (2022), doi:10.5281/Zenodo.7416494. In addition to providing supplementary information for the paper it contains 10 anonymous peer reviews with detailed replies, accumulated from earlier versions.
The Triumph of Function over Form The Role of Analytic Philosophy in Planning and Analysing Modern Architecture
Creators: name: Jasz, Borbala
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2017

description: The most dominant dialectical succession of architectural thinking during the 20th Century was between form and function. The latter of these two modern ways of architectural thinking is based on the results of Carnapian Neopositivism. The keywords of this philosophical school, that are empiricism, logic, verification, unity of language and science, could still be applied to interpreting modern architecture. I will explain the antecedents and the first connection between analytic philosophy and architecture, and some characteristic points of their influence during the 20th Century: the triumph of function over form as analogous to triumph of analytic philosophy over metaphysics. After the theoretic grounding of the form-function debate, I am going to focus first on the characteristic appearance of form: the Façadism of Socialist Realism in the architecture of East-Central Europe. Second, I will explain that architectural tendencies of classical modernism did not disappear in this period, they were just hidden in case of public buildings or migrated to the industrial planning. Third, I am going to claim that after this socialist realist gap, the architectural theory and planning tendencies of the interwar period – especially the work of Le Corbusier – returned and continued.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 20 | Spring / Summer 2017 | Analytic Philosophy and Architecture: Approaching Things from the Other Side
Mapping subnational HIV mortality in six Latin American countries with incomplete vital registration systems
Creators: name: Gesesew, Hailay
name: Mwanri, Lillian
name: Ward, Paul
Publisher: name: Torrens University Australia
Year: 2023
Subjects: Social determinants of health

description: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a public health priority in Latin America. While the burden of HIV is historically concentrated in urban areas and high-risk groups, subnational estimates that cover multiple countries and years are missing. This paucity is partially due to incomplete vital registration (VR) systems and statistical challenges related to estimating mortality rates in areas with low numbers of HIV deaths. In this analysis, we address this gap and provide novel estimates of the HIV mortality rate and the number of HIV deaths by age group, sex, and municipality in Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, and Mexico.
Urban in-betweenness: Rotterdam / Mexico City
Creators: name: Driesse, Moniek
name: Landeros, Isaac
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2017

description: ‘Urban in-betweenness’ offers a short reflection on the way conflicts on a global scale are perceived on an individual level within the urban context and how this will have spatial repercussions. Conflict is considered as an origin of urban resistance and a possible opening for innovation and intervention at a micro scale. The essay is a call to design researchers to re-codify the shattered urban elements in order to make new meaningful connections.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 19 | Autumn / Winter 2016 | Spaces of Conflict
Error correction in multi-fidelity molecular dynamics simulations using functional uncertainty quantification
Creators: name: Reeve, Samuel Temple
name: Strachan, Alejandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use functional, Fréchet, derivatives to quantify how thermodynamic outputs of a molecular dynamics (MD) simulation depend on the potential used to compute atomic interactions. Our approach quantifies the sensitivity of the quantities of interest with respect to the input functions as opposed to its parameters as is done in typical uncertainty quantification methods. We show that the functional sensitivity of the average potential energy and pressure in isothermal, isochoric MD simulations using Lennard-Jones two-body interactions can be used to accurately predict those properties for other interatomic potentials (with different functional forms) without re-running the simulations. This is demonstrated under three different thermodynamic conditions, namely a crystal at room temperature, a liquid at ambient pressure, and a high pressure liquid. The method provides accurate predictions as long as the change in potential can be reasonably described to first order and does not significantly affect the region in phase space explored by the simulation. The functional uncertainty quantification approach can be used to estimate the uncertainties associated with constitutive models used in the simulation and to correct predictions if a more accurate representation becomes available.
From Refugee Camp to Resilient City: Zaatari Refugee Camp, Jordan
Creators: name: Maani, Nada
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2017

description: This project is about how architecture can transform a refugee camp into a child friendly city designed around existing social networks. The vision is to respond to the refugee crisis with long-term resilient solutions rather than reactionary ones.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 19 | Autumn / Winter 2016 | Spaces of Conflict
The Influences of Eccentric Hamstring Strength And Stiffness On Jump Landing Biomechanics
Creators: name: Dewig, Derek
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injury risk can be assessed during landing tasks. Greater hamstrings stiffness is associated with better landing biomechanics, but is difficult to assess in the clinical setting. Because eccentric hamstring strength can easily be assessed in the clinical setting, the purpose of this study was to examine relationships between eccentric hamstring strength, hamstring stiffness, and landing biomechanics. Eccentric hamstring strength, hamstring stiffness, and lower extremity kinematic and kinetic during double- and single-leg landing tasks were assessed in 34 healthy, physically active participants. Correlations between eccentric strength and each biomechanical outcome were evaluated via Pearson correlations. Greater peak eccentric strength was associated with lesser vGRF in both landing conditions and with lesser internal varus moment in the single-leg landing condition. There was no significant association between eccentric strength and stiffness. These findings suggest eccentric hamstring strength is not an acceptable clinical estimate of hamstring stiffness nor landing biomechanics.
A dissipative quantum reservoir for microwave light using a mechanical oscillator
Creators: name: Tóth, L. D.
name: Bernier, N. R.
name: Nunnenkamp, A.
name: Feofanov, A. K.
name: Kippenberg, T. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Isolation of a system from its environment is often desirable, from precision measurements to control of individual quantum systems; however, dissipation can also be a useful resource. Remarkably, engineered dissipation enables the preparation of quantum states of atoms, ions or superconducting qubits as well as their stabilization. This is achieved by a suitably engineered coupling to a dissipative cold reservoir formed by electromagnetic modes. Similarly, in the field of cavity electro- and optomechanics, the control over mechanical oscillators utilizes the inherently cold, dissipative nature of the electromagnetic degree of freedom. Breaking from this paradigm, recent theoretical work has considered the opposite regime in which the dissipation of the mechanical oscillator dominates and provides a cold, dissipative reservoir to an electromagnetic mode. Here we realize this reversed dissipation regime in a microwave cavity optomechanical system and realize a quasi-instantaneous, cold reservoir for microwave light. Coupling to this reservoir enables to manipulate the susceptibility of the microwave cavity, corresponding to dynamical backaction control of the microwave field. Additionally, we observe the onset of parametric instability, i.e. the stimulated emission of microwaves (masing). Equally important, the reservoir can function as a useful quantum resource. We evidence this by employing the engineered cold reservoir to implement a large gain (above 40 dB) phase preserving microwave amplifier that operates 0.87 quanta above the limit of added noise imposed by quantum mechanics. Such a dissipative cold reservoir forms the basis of microwave entanglement schemes, the study of dissipative quantum phase transitions, amplifiers with unlimited gain-bandwidth product and non-reciprocal devices, thereby extending the available toolbox of quantum-limited microwave manipulation techniques.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures (main text); Supplementary Information included
TALES of ALES #1: The ’Who’s Who’ compendium of plant science Professors and others in the history of the University of Alberta Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, (AFNS/ALES), including timelines and their research interests (1908 – 2023:  Faculty of Agricultural, Life and Environmental Sciences = ALES)
Creators: Briggs, Keith G.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

This  TALE of ALES #1  is a unique historical compendium with timelines that lists all those who were the past Professors and other researchers in the plant sciences in the Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science (AFNS) from 1908 up to 2023. It also includes some extra information about a few of them, timelines of significant events in the history of AFNS, and a listing of Department Heads and Chairs of the plant sciences through the years
Reclaiming Political Urbanism in Peace Building Processes: The Hands-on Famagusta project, Cyprus
Creators: name: Stratis, Socrates
name: Akbil, Emre
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2017

description: This case study is about reclaiming a political form of urbanism before the potential Cyprus reunification by enhancing, through the Hands-on Famagusta project, ‘agonistic’ collective practices across the Cypriot divide.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 19 | Autumn / Winter 2016 | Spaces of Conflict
Small-unit water purifiers in U.S. Army special operations: a multi-attribute evaluation
Creators: name: Koban, Lauren
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2014

description: Due to the austere and isolated locations of their missions, U.S. Army special operations forces units need to be self-sufficient in sustaining their potable water supply needs for survival. Current equipment used in the conventional Army is too heavy and operationally complex to meet size, mobility, and maintenance requirements. Therefore, special forces purchase most of their water purification equipment off-the-shelf; these systems are not designed with special forces in mind. This research applies multi-attribute decision analysis methods to identify a preferred commercial off-the-shelf water purification system for use in a special operations forces environment. Using feedback from seven public health professionals and end users in the Army, four water purification systems were identified to evaluate against nine performance criteria. The results illustrate the utility of multi-attribute decision processes in selecting technologies when there are multiple performance objectives and no single technology best meets any single objective.
Urban Terrorism: St. Peter’s Square, Vatican City
Creators: name: Tan, Daniel
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2017

description: In the wake of the 2015 Paris attacks that claimed 130 lives, and in response to FBI warnings about threats by the Islamic State terrorist group, stringent security measures were pre-emptively imposed on St. Peter’s Square in Vatican City to deter possible attacks. The very nature of exclusion and control brought about by the securitisation corrodes the inherent nature of what the square previously symbolised: a sanctuary where all could enter and be welcome. Using the case of St. Peter’s Square, this work illuminates the three main contradictions between security and architecture apparent in practice today, as a way to understand the role of architecture in contributing to a convivial city under the conditions of terrorism.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 19 | Autumn / Winter 2016 | Spaces of Conflict
Conflict, Space and Architecture
Creators: name: Schoonderbeek, Marc
name: Shoshan, Malkit
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2017

description: Footprint 19 focuses on the more recent roles of architecture in the contemporary spaces of conflict. Departing from a spatial understanding of geopolitical, climatological and economical conflicts, the various contributions highlight the large scale and phenomenal transitions in the physical world and in society by extrapolating, through examples, the abundance of relations that can be traced between conflict, territory and architecture. Conflict areas often prove to be fertile grounds for innovation and for the emergence of new spatial forms. The issue reports on the state of perpetual global unrest in architecture through a series of articles and case studies that highlight the consequences of conflicts in the places and spaces that we inhabit. In the introduction, these are discussed as an interlinked global reality rather than as isolated incidents. In doing so, the contemporary spaces of conflict are positioned in the context of emerging global trends, conditions, and discourses in the attempt to address their indicative symptoms while reflecting on their underlying causes.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 19 | Autumn / Winter 2016 | Spaces of Conflict
How important is budding speciation for comparative studies?
Creators: name: Caetano, Daniel
name: Quental, Tiago
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Diversification
evolutionary lineages
Fossil record
model adequacy
phylogenetic comparative methods
speciation mode
trait evolution

description: The acknowledgment of evolutionary dependence among species has fundamentally changed how we ask biological questions. Phylogenetic models became the standard approach for studies with three or more lineages, in particular those using extant species. Most phylogenetic comparative methods (PCMs) translate relatedness into covariance, meaning that evolutionary changes before lineages split should be interpreted together whereas after the split lineages are expected to change independently. This clever realization has shaped decades of research. Here we discuss one element of the comparative method often ignored or assumed as unimportant: if nodes of a phylogeny represent the dissolution of the ancestral lineage into two new ones or if the ancestral lineage can survive speciation events (i.e., budding). Budding speciation is often reported in paleontological studies, due to the nature of the evidence for budding in the fossil record, but it is surprisingly absent in comparative methods. Here we show that many PCMs assume that divergence happens as a symmetric split, even if these methods don't explicitly mention this assumption. We discuss the properties of trait evolution models for continuous and discrete traits and their adequacy under a scenario of budding speciation. We discuss the effects of budding speciation under a series of plausible evolutionary scenarios and show when and how these can influence our estimates. We also propose that long-lived lineages that have survived through a series of budding speciation events and given birth to multiple new lineages can produce evolutionary patterns that challenge our intuition about the most parsimonious history of trait changes in a clade. We hope our discussion can help bridge comparative approaches in paleontology and neontology as well as foster awareness about the assumptions we make when we use phylogenetic trees.
description: R stats.Funding provided by: Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001807
Award Number: 2021/06780-4Funding provided by: Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001807
Award Number: 2019/27212-4
description: Data generated using simulations in R.
Envisioning a Post-Conflict Tripoli: The Inclusive Urban Strategy and Action Plan for Bab Al-Tabbaneh and Jebel Mohsen
Creators: name: Micocci, Fabiano
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2017

description: The Inclusive Urban Strategy and Action Plan is a study conducted by a multi-disciplinary international team focused on the post-conflict area of Tripoli, the second largest city of Lebanon. The project includes the neighbourhoods of Bab Al-Tabbaneh and Jebel Mohsen and the conflict zone in between where hostilities ended thanks to the implementation of a security plan in 2014. The aim of the proposal is to initiate and foster peace and reconciliation between the conflicting communities, while addressing spatial, social and economic segregations by a holistic and tactical urban approach. The strategy results from a deep study and understanding of the actual fragile conditions in Tripoli, and derives its guidelines from the fractures and the intrinsic resources of the place. It is structured in three main layers (urban armature, functional injections and placemaking) and envisions the possibility to establish new relations and synergies inside the hugely fragmented environment. Instead of proposing concrete solutions, the strategy aims at initially generating the necessary conditions to trigger processes of recovery and therefore development, encountering positive outcomes and opportunities as well as possible threats. Adaptability and retrofitting thus became keywords in developing a realistic strategy that can take into consideration the difficulty of programming and making decisions in the context of post-conflict reconstruction.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 19 | Autumn / Winter 2016 | Spaces of Conflict
Measures on differentiable stacks
Creators: name: Crainic, Marius
name: Mestre, João Nuno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58H05

description: We introduce and study measures and densities (= geometric measures) on differentiable stacks, using a rather straightforward generalization of Haefliger's approach to leaf spaces and to transverse measures for foliations. In general we prove Morita invariance, a Stokes formula which provides reinterpretations in terms of (Ruelle-Sullivan type) algebroid currents, and a Van Est isomorphism. In the proper case we reduce the theory to classical (Radon) measures on the underlying space, we provide explicit (Weyl-type) formulas that shed light on Weinstein's notion of volumes of differentiable stacks, in particular, in the symplectic case, we prove the conjecture left open in Weinstein's "The volume of a differentiable stack". We also revisit the notion of Haar systems (and the existence of cut-off functions). Our original motivation comes from the study of Poisson manifolds of compact types, which provide two important examples of such measures: the affine and the Duistermaat-Heckman measures.
description: 53 pages; published version. Section 10 of the previous version (v1) was removed, an expanded version of it will appear separately
Prevalence and Factors Associated With Suicidal Ideation Among Adult Eritrean Refugees in Northern Ethiopia
Creators: name: Gesesew, Hailay
name: Ward, Paul
Publisher: name: Torrens University Australia
Year: 2023
Subjects: Social determinants of health

description: The present study assessed the prevalence of and factor associated with suicidal ideations among adult Eritrean refugees in Tigray, Ethiopia.
 Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out among 400 adult refugees living in the Mai-Aini refugee camp in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia from September 2019 to May 2020. The response variable was suicidal ideation and was measured using World Mental Health (WMH) Survey Initiative Version of the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview. We applied bivariate and multivariate logistic regression to determine predictors for suicide ideations. Odds ratios and p-values were determined to check the associations between variables, and a p-value <0.05 was considered as a cut-off for statistical significance.
 Results: The prevalence of suicidal ideations was 20.5% (95% CI: 16.4%, 24.5%). Having previous history of trauma [AOR = 2.3, 95% CI: 1.4, 4.5], a history of chronic illness [AOR = 2.9, 95% CI: 1.3, 6.5], a family history of mental disorder [AOR = 3.08, 95% CI: 1.3, 7.06], and history of post-traumatic stress disorder [AOR = 5.7, 95% CI: 2.8, 11.5] were significantly associated with suicidal ideations.
 Conclusions: This study showed that during the stay in the refugee camp, there was a high prevalence of suicide ideations compared to the prevalence of suicide ideations among the general populations of Ethiopia, Europe, and China, and the lifetime pooled prevalence across 17 countries. Having previous history of trauma, a history of chronic illness, a family history of mental disorder, and history of post-traumatic stress disorder were the factors statistically associated with the suicidal ideation.
Stasis, Charging the Space of Change
Creators: name: Riviere, Sarah
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2017

description: This article fossicks through the fragments of historical understandings of the word stasis in ancient Greece – where stasis, in its extreme state, involved conflictual hostilities between kindred parties, often termed ‘civil war’ today. Through a series of readings of ancient Greek texts on topics ranging from pathology to literature and politics, stasis is revealed as a powerfully charged state of located dynamic exchange that operates through a precise temporal and spatial performance. This article teases out relevant aspects of the state of stasis – its high levels of spatial engagement, its inevitable resolution into energetic productivity, its precise restraint, its demand for full participation, and its role in the integration of change – all of which were acknowledged as part of the enactment and resolution of a stasis at that time. The intention of this article is to resurrect a more nuanced understanding of the state of stasis that can enrich current concepts of the dynamic in architectural and urban discourse. This understanding of stasis also poses new questions for the future design of spaces that can accommodate charged kindred engagement: lively spaces where contest becomes opportunity, and located spaces of kindred understanding that promise productive reconciliation as the common aim of all the parties involved.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 19 | Autumn / Winter 2016 | Spaces of Conflict
Parallel Wavelet Schemes for Images
Creators: name: Barina, David
name: Kula, Michal
name: Zemcik, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we introduce several new schemes for calculation of discrete wavelet transforms of images. These schemes reduce the number of steps and, as a consequence, allow to reduce the number of synchronizations on parallel architectures. As an additional useful property, the proposed schemes can reduce also the number of arithmetic operations. The schemes are primarily demonstrated on CDF 5/3 and CDF 9/7 wavelets employed in JPEG 2000 image compression standard. However, the presented method is general, and it can be applied on any wavelet transform. As a result, our scheme requires only two memory barriers for 2-D CDF 5/3 transform compared to four barriers in the original separable form or three barriers in the non-separable scheme recently published. Our reasoning is supported by exhaustive experiments on high-end graphics cards.
description: This is a preprint of the article that appeared in the Journal of Real-Time Image Processing. The final publication is available at Springer via http://doi.org/10.1007/s11554-016-0646-3
The effects of an online intervention designed to cultivate positive emotions on emotional and health outcomes in college students
Creators: name: Sarniak, Rebecca H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Research has indicated that stress and depression are on the rise in college students, indicating an increasing area of concern. Additionally, previous research has depicted a relationship between stress and physical health, indicating the potential for a decline in health in the presence of increasing stress. Cultivating positive emotions has shown promise in increasing measures of well-being and positive affect, undoing the effects of negative emotions, and decreasing depressive symptoms. Finally, the ease of using the internet for online interventions and data collections may allow for interventions that cultivate positive emotions to reach people who wouldn't otherwise participate in an intervention. Results indicated that the online intervention affected scores on depression and anxiety. Furthermore, the intervention impacted men and women differently on emotional outcomes.
The Quality of Dental Education Research Methods: An Analysis of Articles Published in Two Journals
Creators: name: Sukotjo, Cortino
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023

description: Purpose: The proliferation of research in dental education has been noticed recently; therefore, it is essential to appraise the research methodology of published articles in dental education journals. The Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument (MERSQI) was developed in 2007 and has been used frequently to assess the methodological quality of medical education studies. Unfortunately, none of the methodological quality of dental education studies has ever been appraised using this rubric thus far. The present study aimed to assess the methodological quality using MERSQI scores of articles published in JDE and EJDE. Methods: A cross-sectional assessment of the quality of manuscripts published in the JDE and EJDE in 2012, 2017, and 2022 was conducted. MERSQI data were extracted by two independent and calibrated examiners. Besides MERSQI scores, the numbers of authors, first and corresponding author’s degrees, geographic origins, and funding information were also extracted for each included study. Results: Four hundred ninety-five articles met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed using MERSQI score. The most common study design of the JDE and EJDE was a single-group cross-sectional or single-group posttest and conducted in one institution for all studied years. In all journals and years, studies were assessed mainly by participants. The study outcome is mostly satisfaction, attitudes, perceptions, opinions, and general facts. The total mean MERSQI score for each journal and year varied. Year and geographic origin significantly affect the total MERSQI score. Papers originating from Asia have the highest score, followed by South America, Europe, North America, Oceania, and Africa. Conclusion: MERSQI score is applicable to the assessment of the methodological quality of dental educational research. In the ten years of study, based on descriptive data, both journals showed similar trends for all domains studied. The quality of manuscripts reviewed for both journals was modest. The MERSQI score for most of the domains was similar for both journals. Degrees of first and last authors and funding status were mostly similar over time for both journals. Most JDE and EJDE articles originated from North America and Europe, respectively. The MERSQI score was affected by publication years and geographic origins.
Militarised Safety: Politics of Exclusion
Creators: name: Sarfraz, Ayesha
name: Rafique, Arsalan
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2017

description: Warfare and armed conflict have evolved radically with the advent of technology and perhaps most importantly, with globalization. Unlike the West, which has come to terms with violence through constant memorialization, multidisciplinary discourse and legislature, cities in the developing world lack audible intellectual trajectories. Therefore, studies on the merits of the non-Western conditions of conflict must take into account the complex structures of organization of society, politics, religion and ethnicities, as a result of the globalization of violence. Developing and less politically stable countries like Pakistan, on the other hand, are losing urban space through attacks from the perpetrators and yet more so from the state as the literal subtraction of the public realm gets framed as security measures Whereas international law states that during times of war, civilian rights can be legally suspended - in Pakistan that suspension has shifted into a state of temporariness without prescribed limits. This paper looks at urban space in the developing world as a dual site of the threat and the threatened while questioning the effectivity of security apparatus that have become the foundations for design of the contemporary city.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 19 | Autumn / Winter 2016 | Spaces of Conflict
Noise-resilient Quantum Computing with a Nitrogen-Vacancy Center and Nuclear Spins
Creators: name: Casanova, J.
name: Wang, Z. -Y.
name: Plenio, M. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Selective control of qubits in a quantum register for the purposes of quantum information processing represents a critical challenge for dense spin ensembles in solid state systems. Here we present a protocol that achieves a complete set of selective single and two-qubit gates on nuclear spins in such an ensemble in diamond facilitated by a nearby NV center. The protocol suppresses internuclear interactions as well as unwanted coupling between the NV center and other spins of the ensemble to achieve quantum gate fidelities well exceeding 99% . Notably, our method can be applied to weakly coupled, distant, spins and therefore represents a scalable procedure that exploits the exceptional properties of nuclear spins in diamond as robust quantum memories.
description: 5 pages + Supplemental Material, (2 + 2 figures)
Indigenous Perspectives: the Post-Conflict Landscapes of Rwanda
Creators: name: Doherty, Killian
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2017

description: Much of Rwanda’s conflict can be traced to the relation between human (culture) and non-human (nature) that defined territories and ethnic divisions in pre-colonial Rwanda. These human and non-human relations, exploited by European colonialism, have become increasingly estranged through the influence of Eurocentric forms of architecture, urban and rural planning. This practice-based research explores the relations between Rwanda’s human settlements and the landscape to provide insight into emergent spaces of conflict. The hope is that where a meeting of different perspectives is articulated a form of architecture as mediation may emerge.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 19 | Autumn / Winter 2016 | Spaces of Conflict
A note on distinct distances
Creators: name: Raz, Orit E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 52C10

description: We show that, for a constant-degree algebraic curve $γ$ in $\mathbb{R}^D$, every set of $n$ points on $γ$ spans at least $Ω(n^{4/3})$ distinct distances, unless $γ$ is an {\it algebraic helix} (see Definition 1.1). This improves the earlier bound $Ω(n^{5/4})$ of Charalambides [Discrete Comput. Geom. (2014)]. We also show that, for every set $P$ of $n$ points that lie on a $d$-dimensional constant-degree algebraic variety $V$ in $\mathbb{R}^D$, there exists a subset $S\subset P$ of size at least $Ω(n^{\frac{4}{9+12(d-1)}})$, such that $S$ spans $\binom{|S|}{2}$ distinct distances. This improves the earlier bound of $Ω(n^{\frac{1}{3d}})$ of Conlon et al. [SIAM J. Discrete Math. (2015)]. Both results are consequences of a common technical tool, given in Lemma 2.7 below.
description: 16 pages
A Graphic Summary of Physical Features and Land Utilization in the United States
Creators: name: Baker, O. E.
name: Baker, O. E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1937
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
Land Economics/Use
Livestock Production/Industries
Productivity Analysis
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Excerpts from the report: The physical conditions have been fundamental in determining the geography of American agriculture. These physical conditions became more important with the increasing commercialization of agriculture. The constant improvement in transportation facilities and the keen competition of producers in different regions make the production of a crop or animal product sensitive even to the minute advantages or disadvantages which a district may possess. They compel shifts in crop production or in use of land to be made with an alacrity unknown in the precommercial period. The control of the physical conditions over agricultural development, instead of being mitigated by the progress of science and commerce, has been intensified and enforced. These physical conditions may be classified into four groups: (1) Temperature and duration of the frost-free season (figs. 3-5). (2) Moisture, of which the seasonal distribution of precipitation and the total annual amount are important (figs. 6-10). (3) Topography, lay of the land, and degree and direction of slope (fig. 2). (4) Soils, which are influenced greatly in their development by climate and the natural vegetation (figs. 6-10).
Quantum Coherence and Intrinsic Randomness
Creators: name: Yuan, Xiao
name: Zhao, Qi
name: Girolami, Davide
name: Ma, Xiongfeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The peculiar uncertainty or randomness of quantum measurements stems from coherence, whose information-theoretic characterization is currently under investigation. Under the resource theory of coherence, it is interesting to investigate interpretations of coherence measures and the interplay with other quantum properties, such as quantum correlations and intrinsic randomness. Coherence can be viewed as the resource for the intrinsic randomness in the measurement outcomes of a state in the computational basis. We observed in our previous work that the coherence of formation, which measures the asymptotic coherence dilution rate, indeed quantifies the uncertainty of a (classical) correlated party about the system measurement outcome. In this work, we re-derive the result from a quantum point of view and then connect the intrinsic randomness to the relative entropy of coherence, another important coherence measure that quantifies the asymptotic distillable coherence. Even though there does not exist bound coherent states, these two intrinsic randomness quantified by coherence of formation and the relative entropy of coherence are different. Interestingly, we show that this gap is equal to the quantum discord, a general form of quantum correlations, in the state of the system of interest and the correlated party, after a local measurement on the former system.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
Frequency Modulation of Directly Imaged Exoplanets: Geometric Effect as a Probe of Planetary Obliquity
Creators: name: Kawahara, Hajime
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the time-frequency analysis of a scattered light curve of a directly imaged exoplanet. We show that the geometric effect due to planetary obliquity and orbital inclination induce the frequency modulation of the apparent diurnal periodicity. We construct a model of the frequency modulation and compare it with the instantaneous frequency extracted from the pseudo-Wigner distribution of simulated light curves of a cloudless Earth. The model provides good agreement with the simulated modulation factor, even for the light curve with Gaussian noise comparable to the signal. Notably, the shape of the instantaneous frequency is sensitive to the difference between the prograde, retrograde, and pole-on spin rotations. While our technique requires the albedo map to be static, it does not need to solve the albedo map of the planet. The time-frequency analysis is complementary to other methods which utilize the amplitude modulation. This paper demonstrates the importance of the frequency domain of the photometric variability for the characterization of directly imaged exoplanets in future research.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures, A typo in Equation (A1) was fixed. The codes are provided at https://github.com/HajimeKawahara/sot and https://github.com/HajimeKawahara/juwvid
The Interface: Peace Walls, Belfast, Northern Ireland
Creators: name: O'Leary, James
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2017

description: In 2013, the Northern Ireland Executive outlined a goal to ‘create a ten year programme to reduce, and remove by 2023, all interface barriers’ in Northern Ireland. This unexpected statement helped to focus attention on the difficulties inherent in making this commitment a reality. Made during a period of fieldwork in Belfast between 2014 and 2016, this work of text and image frames the thirteen clusters of separation barriers that divide communities across Belfast as a single system entitled ‘The Interface’.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 19 | Autumn / Winter 2016 | Spaces of Conflict
Modular extensions of unitary braided fusion categories and 2+1D topological/SPT orders with symmetries
Creators: name: Lan, Tian
name: Kong, Liang
name: Wen, Xiao-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A finite bosonic or fermionic symmetry can be described uniquely by a symmetric fusion category $\mathcal{E}$. In this work, we propose that 2+1D topological/SPT orders with a fixed finite symmetry $\mathcal{E}$ are classified, up to $E_8$ quantum Hall states, by the unitary modular tensor categories $\mathcal{C}$ over $\mathcal{E}$ and the modular extensions of each $\mathcal{C}$. In the case $\mathcal{C}=\mathcal{E}$, we prove that the set $\mathcal{M}_{ext}(\mathcal{E})$ of all modular extensions of $\mathcal{E}$ has a natural structure of a finite abelian group. We also prove that the set $\mathcal{M}_{ext}(\mathcal{C})$ of all modular extensions of $\mathcal{C}$, if not empty, is equipped with a natural $\mathcal{M}_{ext}(\mathcal{E})$-action that is free and transitive. Namely, the set $\mathcal{M}_{ext}(\mathcal{C})$ is an $\mathcal{M}_{ext}(\mathcal{E})$-torsor. As special cases, we explain in details how the group $\mathcal{M}_{ext}(\mathcal{E})$ recovers the well-known group-cohomology classification of the 2+1D bosonic SPT orders and Kitaev's 16 fold ways. We also discuss briefly the behavior of the group $\mathcal{M}_{ext}(\mathcal{E})$ under the symmetry-breaking processes and its relation to Witt groups.
description: 32 pages; references updated; corrections and improvements; final version to appear in Communications in Mathematical Physics
How to Read (With) Benjamin: From Cultural History of Materialism to Materialist History of Culture
Creators: name: Healy, Patrick
name: Radman, Andrej
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2016

description: Footprint 18 investigates the following issues: what Benjamin understands by the ‘constellation of awakening’, how he conceptualises ‘dialectical images’, his deployment of montage, his refusal of a conception of either progress or decline, and his undertaking to show that the images belong not only to a particular time but attain legibility only at a particular time. Famously, according to Benjamin, image is that wherein what has been comes together in a flash with the now to form a constellation. With regard to the architectural theory Benjamin engaged directly with the tectonic tradition, especially the work of Bötticher. He posited the tectonic unconscious and the deployment of optical instruments as crucial for understanding the development which architecture carried from the luxus capitalist forms of commodity. In light of technical innovations in iron and glass, it expressed a form of projective dream work of the architectural around material realisations as products of the industrial revolution, with long consequences for the future.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 18 | Spring / Summer 2016 | Constellation of Awakening: Benjamin and Architecture
Can You Borrow From an Already Borrowed From Number? Insights into Second Graders’ Knowledge of Place Value
Creators: name: Johnson, Tracy L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: This purpose of this study is to provide insights about end-of-the year second graders' knowledge of place value and its application in solving two- and three-digit addition and subtraction problems. Twenty-two students in two schools in the same district in rural North Carolina were interviewed using a qualitative, structured, task-based interview. The tasks addressed number combinations, use of ten as a composite unit, conservation of quantity for grouped objects, incrementing on and off the decade by tens with and without physical representations of quantities, two- and three-digit addition and subtraction problems, and understanding of algorithmic procedures. The findings of this study indicate that students' strategy selection is largely algorithm-dependent, and students appear to have stronger procedural knowledge than conceptual understanding of the standard algorithm. Students had more difficulty procedurally and conceptually with subtraction than addition. This study also found that students' highest known number combination may relate to their overall level of base-ten knowledge. Finally, the interview protocol used to assess students' place value knowledge appears to provide comprehensive data for assessing levels of knowledge.