cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Evolution of dense stellar clusters
Creators: name: Bisnovatyi-Kogan, G. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A qualitative study is made of the evolutionary tracks of various dense clusters, with allowance for the evaporation of stars, and for head-on collisions, until relativistic collapse occures or the cluster breaks up.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure
Detecting and repairing arbitrage in traded option prices
Creators: name: Cohen, Samuel N.
name: Reisinger, Christoph
name: Wang, Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Pricing of Securities (q-fin.PR)
subject: Computational Finance (q-fin.CP)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 91G20, 90C90

description: Option price data are used as inputs for model calibration, risk-neutral density estimation and many other financial applications. The presence of arbitrage in option price data can lead to poor performance or even failure of these tasks, making pre-processing of the data to eliminate arbitrage necessary. Most attention in the relevant literature has been devoted to arbitrage-free smoothing and filtering (i.e. removing) of data. In contrast to smoothing, which typically changes nearly all data, or filtering, which truncates data, we propose to repair data by only necessary and minimal changes. We formulate the data repair as a linear programming (LP) problem, where the no-arbitrage relations are constraints, and the objective is to minimise prices' changes within their bid and ask price bounds. Through empirical studies, we show that the proposed arbitrage repair method gives sparse perturbations on data, and is fast when applied to real world large-scale problems due to the LP formulation. In addition, we show that removing arbitrage from prices data by our repair method can improve model calibration with enhanced robustness and reduced calibration error.
description: Our implementation of this algorithm in Python is available in the repository https://github.com/vicaws/arbitragerepair
Additional file 6 of The development of early ascites is associated with shorter overall survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with drug-eluting embolic chemoembolization
Creators: name: Pipa-Muñiz, María
name: Sanmartino, Susana
name: Mesa, Alicia
name: Álvarez-Navascués, Carmen
name: Maria-Luisa González-Diéguez
name: Cadahía, Valle
name: José-Eduardo Rodríguez
name: Vega, Florentino
name: Rodríguez, Manuel
name: Serafin-Marcos Costilla-García
name: Varela, María
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 6 Supplementary Table 5. Time-dependent multivariate analysis.
Theory of Edge States in Systems with Rashba Spin-Orbit Coupling
Creators: name: Reynoso, A.
name: Usaj, Gonzalo
name: Sanchez, M. J.
name: Balseiro, C. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the edge states in a two dimensional electron gas with a transverse magnetic field and Rashba spin-orbit coupling. In the bulk, the interplay between the external field perpendicular to the gas plane and the spin-orbit coupling leads to two branches of states that, within the same energy window, have different cyclotron radii. For the edge states, surface reflection generates hybrid states with the two cyclotron radii. We analyze the spectrum and spin structure of these states and present a semiclassical picture of them.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures
Breaking Type Safety in Go: An Empirical Study on the Usage of the unsafe Package
Creators: name: Costa, Diego Elias
name: Mujahid, Suhaib
name: Abdalkareem, Rabe
name: Shihab, Emad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A decade after its first release, the Go programming language has become a major programming language in the development landscape. While praised for its clean syntax and C-like performance, Go also contains a strong static type-system that prevents arbitrary type casting and arbitrary memory access, making the language type-safe by design. However, to give developers the possibility of implementing low-level code, Go ships with a special package called unsafe that offers developers a way around the type-safety of Go programs. The package gives greater flexibility to developers but comes at a higher risk of runtime errors, chances of non-portability, and the loss of compatibility guarantees for future versions of Go. In this paper, we present the first large-scale study on the usage of the unsafe package in 2,438 popular Go projects. Our investigation shows that unsafe is used in 24% of Go projects, motivated primarily by communicating with operating systems and C code, but is also commonly used as a source of performance optimization. Developers are willing to use unsafe to break language specifications (e.g., string immutability) for better performance and 6% of analyzed projects that use unsafe perform risky pointer conversions that can lead to program crashes and unexpected behavior. Furthermore, we report a series of real issues faced by projects that use unsafe, from crashing errors and non-deterministic behavior to having their deployment restricted from certain popular environments. Our findings can be used to understand how and why developers break type-safety in Go, and help motivate further tools and language development that could make the usage of unsafe in Go even safer.
On the difference between type E and A OH/IR stars
Creators: name: He, J. H.
name: Chen, P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observed SEDs of a sample of 60 OH/IR stars are fitted using a radiative transfer model of a dusty envelope. Among the whole sample, 21 stars have reliable phase-lag distances while the others have less accurate distances. L*-P,Mlr-P and Mlr-L* relations have been plotted for these stars. It is found that type E (with emission feature at 10um and type A (with absorption feature at 10um) OH/IR stars have different L*-P and Mlr-L* relations while both of them follow a single Mlr-P relation. The type E stars are proven to be located in the area without large scale dense interstellar medium while the type A stars are located probably in dense interstellar medium. It is argued here that this may indicate the two types of OH/IR stars have different chemical composition or zero age main sequence mass and so evolve in different ways. This conclusion has reinforced the argument by Chen et al.(2001) who reached a similar conclusion from the galactic distribution of about 1000 OH/IR stars with the IRAS low-resolution spectra (LRS).
description: 6 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables
Edge-based image interpolation using symmetric biorthogonal wavelet transform
Creators: name: Su, Weizhong
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Image interpolation is an important part of digital image processing. Many approaches are proposed for enlarging and reducing images. Recently, most papers in image interpolation are focused on edge-based interpolation since sharp edges and smooth contours can give better impression to the human vision than others. L i & Orchard and Kimmel proposed edge-based interpolation approaches that can produce better image quality compared with the traditional methods such as bilinear and bicubic interpolations. In this thesis, a new edge-based image interpolation approach that uses symmetric biorthogonal wavelet transforms is proposed. According to wavelet multiresolution analysis theory, an image can be decomposed into a series of approximation sub-images and detail sub-images with horizontal, vertical, and diagonal edge information. Based on this theory, many wavelet-based interpolation approaches have been proposed. However, most of them are computationally expensive or not efficient. In this thesis, we set up a list of ideal step edge models, and explore the relationships between the wavelet approximation sub-image and the three wavelet detail sub-images of these models. Based on these relationships, a fast and efficient algorithm that predicts the edge information of the interpolated image is proposed. The results of our experiments prove that the wavelet-based image interpolation with our new approach has good performance compared with other state-ofthe- art image interpolation approaches. In conclusion, the 9 / 7 -M inverse wavelet transform with our new approach is the best solution for image interpolation.
A charging model for the Rosetta spacecraft
Creators: name: Johansson, F. L.
name: Eriksson, A. I.
name: Gilet, N.
name: Henri, P.
name: Wattieaux, G.
name: Taylor, M. G. G. T.
name: Imhof, C.
name: Cipriani, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. The electrostatic potential of a spacecraft, VS, is important for the capabilities of in situ plasma measurements. Rosetta has been found to be negatively charged during most of the comet mission and even more so in denser plasmas. Aims. Our goal is to investigate how the negative VS correlates with electron density and temperature and to understand the physics of the observed correlation. Methods. We applied full mission comparative statistics of VS, electron temperature, and electron density to establish VS dependence on cold and warm plasma density and electron temperature. We also used Spacecraft-Plasma Interaction System (SPIS) simulations and an analytical vacuum model to investigate if positively biased elements covering a fraction of the solar array surface can explain the observed correlations. Results. Here, the VS was found to depend more on electron density, particularly with regard to the cold part of the electrons, and less on electron temperature than was expected for the high flux of thermal (cometary) ionospheric electrons. This behaviour was reproduced by an analytical model which is consistent with numerical simulations. Conclusions. Rosetta is negatively driven mainly by positively biased elements on the borders of the front side of the solar panels as these can efficiently collect cold plasma electrons. Biased elements distributed elsewhere on the front side of the panels are less efficient at collecting electrons apart from locally produced electrons (photoelectrons). To avoid significant charging, future spacecraft may minimise the area of exposed bias conductors or use a positive ground power system.
description: 12 pages, 17 figures, Accepted for publication in A&A
QED driven QAOA for network-flow optimization
Creators: name: Zhang, Yuxuan
name: Zhang, Ruizhe
name: Potter, Andrew C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a general framework for modifying quantum approximate optimization algorithms (QAOA) to solve constrained network flow problems. By exploiting an analogy between flow constraints and Gauss's law for electromagnetism, we design lattice quantum electrodynamics (QED) inspired mixing Hamiltonians that preserve flow constraints throughout the QAOA process. This results in an exponential reduction in the size of the configuration space that needs to be explored, which we show through numerical simulations, yields higher quality approximate solutions compared to the original QAOA routine. We outline a specific implementation for edge-disjoint path (EDP) problems related to traffic congestion minimization, numerically analyze the effect of initial state choice, and explore trade-offs between circuit complexity and qubit resources via a particle-vortex duality mapping. Comparing the effect of initial states reveals that starting with an ergodic (unbiased) superposition of solutions yields better performance than beginning with the mixer ground-state, suggesting a departure from the "short-cut to adiabaticity" mechanism often used to motivate QAOA.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures
Parallal Spinors on Pseudo-Riemannian SpinC Manifolds
Creators: name: Ikemakhen, Aziz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53C50 ; 53C27

description: We describe, by their holonomy groups, all simply connected irreducible non-locally symmetric pseudo-Riemannian SpinC manifolds which admit parallel spinors. So we generalise the Riemannian case and the pseudo-Riemannian one.
Structure-Composition Correspondence in Crystalline Metamaterials for Acoustic Valley-Hall Effect and Unidirectional Sound Guiding
Creators: name: Yves, Simon
name: Lemoult, Geoffroy Lerosey. Fabrice
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, the domain of topological insulators in condensed matter physics has been teeming with intriguing and very exciting discoveries. Notably, the capacity of guiding currents towards specific directions according to the spin of the travelling electrons has a great potential for electronic devices. This new phenomenon has been transposed to the classical domain in electromagnetics and acoustics, unveiling the pseudo-spin locking of guided waves. However, these macroscopic analogues are photonic/phononic crystals which are intrinsically wavelength scaled. In this work, we realize a genuine acoustic analogue of the valley-Hall effect in the audible regime using a lattice of soda cans. The crystalline description of this very simple metamaterial allows us to demonstrate experimentally the unidirectional excitation of sound guided at a scale much smaller than the wavelength of operation. These results not only open the tantalizing valley-topological phenomena to the audible regime but also allow to envision compact applications for acoustic manipulation.
Additional file 3 of The development of early ascites is associated with shorter overall survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with drug-eluting embolic chemoembolization
Creators: name: Pipa-Muñiz, María
name: Sanmartino, Susana
name: Mesa, Alicia
name: Álvarez-Navascués, Carmen
name: Maria-Luisa González-Diéguez
name: Cadahía, Valle
name: José-Eduardo Rodríguez
name: Vega, Florentino
name: Rodríguez, Manuel
name: Serafin-Marcos Costilla-García
name: Varela, María
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3 Supplementary Table 2. Variable values in the pos-TACE time (t1).
Decoherence in regular systems
Creators: name: Znidaric, Marko
name: Prosen, Tomaz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider unitary evolution of finite bipartite quantum systems and study time dependence of purity for initial cat states -- coherent superpositions of Gaussian wave-packets. We derive explicit formula for purity in systems with nonzero time averaged coupling, a typical situation for systems where an uncoupled part of the Hamiltonian is Liouville integrable. Previous analytical studies have been limited to harmonic oscillator systems but with our theory we are able to derive analytical results for general integrable systems. Two regimes are clearly identified, at short times purity decays due to decoherence whereas at longer times it decays because of relaxation.
description: 11 pages, 2 PS figures; published version
Coherent rotations of a single spin-based qubit in a single quantum dot at fixed Zeeman energy
Creators: name: Kyriakidis, Jordan
name: Penney, Stephen J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coherent rotations of single spin-based qubits may be accomplished electrically at fixed Zeeman energy with a qubit defined solely within a single electrostatically-defined quantum dot; the $g$-factor and the external magnetic field are kept constant. All that is required to be varied are the voltages on metallic gates which effectively change the shape of the elliptic quantum dot. The pseudospin-1/2 qubit is constructed from the two-dimensional $S=1/2$, $S_z=-1/2$ subspace of three interacting electrons in a two-dimensional potential well. Rotations are created by altering the direction of the pseudomagnetic field through changes in the shape of the confinement potential. By deriving an exact analytic solution to the long-range Coulomb interaction matrix elements, we calculate explicitly the range of magnitudes and directions the pseudomagnetic field can take. Numerical estimates are given for {GaAs}.
description: Restructured manuscript, more details shown (results unchanged); Six pages, revtex4; More info at http://soliton.phys.dal.ca
Untangling safety-critical source code
Creators: name: Wong, Ken
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The traditional system safety paradigm of isolating safety-critical functionality is no longer tenable in the face of the increased size and complexity of modern software systems. Software is unlike purely mechanical systems where safety concerns typically correspond to "functional slices" that can be extracted and tested in isolation. Instead, specific safety concerns often cross-cut the primary software structures and involve fragments of source code from many different software components. The fact that safety-critical software is not always easily isolated, documented and analyzed for safety verification is an issue we have previously called the "long thin slice problem". This problem was initially identified for a class of systems that display critical information, such as Air Traffic Management (ATM) systems. The research in this dissertation is largely motivated by the author's experiences with the development of an advanced ATM system that is now deployed for operational use in Canada. This dissertation outlines an approach intended to strengthen the "back-end" of the overall software safety engineering process, i.e., verifying the safety of the implementation. Software safety has primarily focused on "front-end" of the safety process, for good reason, as building safety into the specification and design is the most effective method of mitigating safety risk. However, the safety of the source code must ultimately still be verified to provide evidence that the risk has been truly mitigated. Various safety verification methods have been proposed, but there are few published discussions of how these techniques could be applied to anything other than relatively small, isolated subsystems. Given the difficulty in performing safety verification of the entire system, we propose extracting a model of the part of the system that is relevant to a particular safety concern. Constructing the model involves untangling the safety concern from the rest of the system functionality. In order to create a model that can be effectively used for safety verification, we have experimented with a variety of techniques that range from the use of natural language to the use of a formal specification notation.
Additional file 4 of The development of early ascites is associated with shorter overall survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with drug-eluting embolic chemoembolization
Creators: name: Pipa-Muñiz, María
name: Sanmartino, Susana
name: Mesa, Alicia
name: Álvarez-Navascués, Carmen
name: Maria-Luisa González-Diéguez
name: Cadahía, Valle
name: José-Eduardo Rodríguez
name: Vega, Florentino
name: Rodríguez, Manuel
name: Serafin-Marcos Costilla-García
name: Varela, María
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4 Supplementary Table 3. Baseline characteristics associated with the development of early ascites.
Is a Transformed Low Discrepancy Design Also Low Discrepancy?
Creators: name: Li, Yiou
name: Kang, Lulu
name: Hickernell, Fred J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Experimental designs intended to match arbitrary target distributions are typically constructed via a variable transformation of a uniform experimental design. The inverse distribution function is one such transformation. The discrepancy is a measure of how well the empirical distribution of any design matches its target distribution. This chapter addresses the question of whether a variable transformation of a low discrepancy uniform design yields a low discrepancy design for the desired target distribution. The answer depends on the two kernel functions used to define the respective discrepancies. If these kernels satisfy certain conditions, then the answer is yes. However, these conditions may be undesirable for practical reasons. In such a case, the transformation of a low discrepancy uniform design may yield a design with a large discrepancy. We illustrate how this may occur. We also suggest some remedies. One remedy is to ensure that the original uniform design has optimal one-dimensional projection, but this remedy works best if the design is dense, or in other words, the ratio of sample size divided by the dimension of the random variable is relatively large. Another remedy is to use the transformed design as the input to a coordinate-exchange algorithm that optimizes the desired discrepancy, and this works for both dense or sparse designs. The effectiveness of these two remedies is illustrated via simulation.
Electronic excitation spectrum of metallic carbon nanotubes
Creators: name: Sapmaz, S.
name: Jarillo-Herrero, P.
name: Kong, J.
name: Dekker, C.
name: Kouwenhoven, L. P.
name: van der Zant, H. S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the discrete electronic spectrum of closed metallic nanotube quantum dots. At low temperatures, the stability diagrams show a very regular four-fold pattern that allows for the determination of the electron addition and excitation energies. The measured nanotube spectra are in excellent agreement with theoretical predictions based on the nanotube band structure. Our results permit the complete identification of the electron quantum states in nanotube quantum dots.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Gamma-ray Polarimetry with Compton Telescope
Creators: name: Tajima, Hiroyasu
name: Madejski, Grzegorz
name: Mitani, Takefumi
name: Tanaka, Takaaki
name: Nakamura, Hidehito
name: Nakazawa, Kazuhiro
name: Takahashi, Tadayuki
name: Fukazawa, Yasushi
name: Kamae, Tuneyoshi
name: Kokubun, Motohide
name: Marlow, Daniel
name: Nomachi, Masaharu
name: Silva, Eduardo do Couto e
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Compton telescope is a promising technology to achieve very high sensitivity in the soft gamma-ray band (0.1-10 MeV) by utilizing Compton kinematics. Compton kinematics also enables polarization measurement which will open new windows to study gamma-ray production mechanism in the universe. CdTe and Si semiconductor technologies are key technologies to realize the Compton telescope in which their high energy resolution is crucial for high angular resolution and background rejection capability. We have assembled a prototype module using a double-sided silicon strip detector and CdTe pixel detectors. In this paper, we present expected polarization performance of a proposed mission (NeXT/SGD). We also report results from polarization measurements using polarized synchrotron light and validation of EGS4 MC simulation.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures, submitted to SPIE conference proceedings vol 5488, "UV-Gamma Ray Space Telescope Systems," Glasgow UK, 6/21-6/24 2004
On the motion of a heavy rigid body in an ideal fluid with circulation
Creators: name: Borisov, A. V.
name: Mamaev, I. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chaplygin's equations describing the planar motion of a rigid body in an unbounded volume of an ideal fluid involved in a circular flow around the body are considered. Hamiltonian structures, new integrable cases, and partial solutions are revealed, and their stability is examined. The problems of non-integrability of the equations of motion because of a chaotic behavior of the system are discussed.
description: 25 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 1 of HPV knowledge and vaccine acceptance among European adolescents and their parents: a systematic literature review
Creators: name: López, Noelia
name: Garcés-Sánchez, Maria
name: Panizo, Maria Belén
name: Cueva, Ignacio Salamanca De La
name: Artés, Maria Teresa
name: Ramos, Beatriz
name: Cotarelo, Manuel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. SM-1- Search strategy.
Open strangeness threshold production at COSY-11
Creators: name: Winter, P.
name: Adam, H. -H.
name: Budzanowski, A.
name: Czyzykiewicz, R.
name: Grzonka, D.
name: Janusz, M.
name: Jarczyk, L.
name: Kamys, B.
name: Khoukaz, A.
name: Kilian, K.
name: Klaja, P.
name: Moskal, P.
name: Oelert, W.
name: Piskor-Ignatowicz, C.
name: Przerwa, J.
name: Rozek, T.
name: Sefzick, T.
name: Siemaszko, M.
name: Smyrski, J.
name: Strzalkowski, A.
name: Taschner, A.
name: Wolke, M.
name: Wustner, P.
name: Zipper, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The open strangeness production near threshold is investigated at the internal experiment COSY-11 in different reaction channels. Recently, the main focus has been to extend measurements of the hyperon production pp->pK+Lambda/Sigma0 in different isospin channels as well as the associated strangeness production in pp->ppK+K-. The experimental technique is based on the reconstruction of the four momentum for all positively charged ejectiles. Neutrons are detected in addition using a neutral particle detector. The unregistered hyperon or meson is identified by means of the missing mass technique. The present status of the analysis for both reaction channels is presented. In case of the reaction pp->ppK+K-, very preliminary cross sections are shown.
description: Talk presented at the 19th European Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics, Groningen, Netherlands, August 23-27, 2004, 3 pages, 3 figures
Real-time dosimetry for prostate brachytherapy using TRUS and fluoroscopy
Creators: name: French, Danny G.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: A means of achieving real-time dosimetry for prostate brachytherapy using transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) and fluoroscopy has been developed. The approach is designed to fit into the current protocol used at the Vancouver Cancer Center (VCC) for prostate brachytherapy. The TRUS and fluoroscopic images axe fused using a, single fluoroscopic image of the TRUS probe. The tip of each needle, used to implant the seeds, is identified in TRUS images. Using the needle tip location and the known entry point of the needle in the needle guide, a needle path is interpolated. The coronal plane coordinates of the seeds are determined from fluoroscopic images acquired at a fixed angle. The remaining coordinates of the seeds are determined from interpolated needle paths. Intraoperative seed motion is tracked using fluoroscopic images and TRUS. The dose distribution is computed and displayed in the TRUS image frame after each fluoroscopic image is acquired. Our approach is validated on a phantom and compared to the seed distributions found in computed tomography (CT) images acquired three to four hours after the procedure.
Energy-Efficient UAV Relaying Robust Resource Allocation in Uncertain Adversarial Networks
Creators: name: Ahmed, S.
name: Chowdhury, Mostafa Z.
name: Sabuj, S. R.
name: Alam, M. I.
name: Jang, Y. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The mobile relaying technique is a critical enhancing technology in wireless communications due to a higher chance of supporting the remote user from the base station (BS) with better quality of service. This paper investigates energy-efficient (EE) mobile relaying networks, mounted on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), while the unknown adversaries try to intercept the legitimate link. We aim to optimize robust transmit power both UAV and BS along, relay hovering path, speed, and acceleration. The BS sends legitimate information, which is forwarded to the user by the relay. This procedure is defined as information-causality-constraint (ICC). We jointly optimize the worst case secrecy rate (WCSR) and UAV propulsion energy consumption (PEC) for a finite time horizon. We construct the BS-UAV, the UAV-user, and the UAV-adversary channel models. We apply the UAV PEC considering UAV speed and acceleration. At last, we derive EE UAV relay-user maximization problem in the adversarial wireless networks. While the problem is non-convex, we propose an iterative and sub-optimal algorithm to optimize EE UAV relay with constraints, such as ICC, trajectory, speed, acceleration, and transmit power. First, we optimize both BS and UAV transmit power, and hovering speed for known UAV path planning and acceleration. Using the optimal transmit power and speed, we obtain the optimal trajectory and acceleration. We compare our algorithm with existing algorithms and demonstrate the improved EE UAV relaying communication for our model.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
New NLO Parametrizations of the Parton Distributions in Real Photons
Creators: name: Aurenche, P.
name: Fontannaz, M.
name: Guillet, J. Ph.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new NLO sets of parton distributions in real photons based on a scheme invariant definition of the non-perturbative input. We compare the theoretical predictions with LEP data and a best fit allows us to constrain the parameters of the distributions. The shape of the gluon distribution is poorly constrained and we consider the possibility to measure it in photoproduction experiments. Three parametrizations which aim to take into account the scattering of LEP data are proposed. They are compared to other NLO parametrizations.
description: 38 pages, 23 Postscript figures, fig. 6,7,8,9 improved, comparisons with other NLO parametrizations, added references
Adoption of a New Maize and Production Efficiency in Western Kenya
Creators: name: Mignouna, D.B.
name: Mutabazi, K.D.S.
name: Senkondo, E.M.
name: Manyong, Victor M.
name: Mignouna, D.B.
name: Mutabazi, K.D.S.
name: Senkondo, E.M.
name: Manyong, Victor M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: IRM technology
subject: efficiency
subject: stochastic production frontier
subject: Tobit model

description: Declining yields of maize as a result of Striga infestation has necessitated a new technology known as Imazapyr-resistant maize (IRM) to contain the problem. As a result, research and development initiatives with substantial participation of the private sector to transfer this new technology to farmers have been made in western Kenya. This study therefore assesses the adoption of IRM variety and efficiency levels of farmers in western Kenya. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select a total of 600 households from Nyanza and Western provinces for this study. Tobit model and stochastic production frontier analysis were the analytical methods. Results show that age, education, maize production gap, risk, contact with extension agents, lack of seeds, membership in social group, effective pathway for IRM dissemination and compatibility of the technology are the variables that were found to be significant (P<0.05) in shaping the decisions of households on whether to adopt or not. The study reveals that the mean technical efficiency of maize production of sampled farmers is 70% indicating some inefficiencies of maize production in western Kenya. Also, adoption of IRM significantly increased frontier maize output (P<0.01); household size decreased inefficiency along with farm size. It was recommended that efforts to increase adoption of IRM for enhanced farm efficiency should focus on farmers’ education, farming experience and access to information and farm basic inputs.
Brane-Inspired Orientifold Field Theories
Creators: name: Di Vecchia, P.
name: Liccardo, A.
name: Marotta, R.
name: Pezzella, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we consider the gauge theory living on the world-volume of a stack of N D3-branes of Type 0B/Ω' I_6(-1)^{F_{L}} and of its orbifolds C^2/Z_2 and C^3/(Z_2 x Z_2). The gauge theories obtained in the three cases are a brane realization of ``orientifold field theories'' having the bosonic sector common with N=4,2,1 super Yang-Mills respectively. In these non-supersymmetric theories, we investigate the possibility of keeping the gauge/gravity correspondence that has revealed itself so successful in the case of supersymmetric theories. In the open string framework we compute the coefficient of the gauge kinetic term showing that the perturbative behaviour of the orientifold field theory can be obtained from the closed string channel in the large N limit, where the theory exhibits Bose-Fermi degeneracy.
description: 27 pages, LaTeX
Preferences Single-Peaked on a Tree: Multiwinner Elections and Structural Results
Creators: name: Peters, Dominik
name: Yu, Lan
name: Chan, Hau
name: Elkind, Edith
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A preference profile is single-peaked on a tree if the candidate set can be equipped with a tree structure so that the preferences of each voter are decreasing from their top candidate along all paths in the tree. This notion was introduced by Demange (1982), and subsequently Trick (1989) described an efficient algorithm for deciding if a given profile is single-peaked on a tree. We study the complexity of multiwinner elections under several variants of the Chamberlin-Courant rule for preferences single-peaked on trees. We show that the egalitarian version of this problem admits a polynomial-time algorithm. For the utilitarian version, we prove that winner determination remains NP-hard, even for the Borda scoring function; however, a winning committee can be found in polynomial time if either the number of leaves or the number of internal vertices of the underlying tree is bounded by a constant. To benefit from these positive results, we need a procedure that can determine whether a given profile is single-peaked on a tree that has additional desirable properties (such as, e.g., a small number of leaves). To address this challenge, we develop a structural approach that enables us to compactly represent all trees with respect to which a given profile is single-peaked. We show how to use this representation to efficiently find the best tree for a given profile for use with our winner determination algorithms: Given a profile, we can efficiently find a tree with the minimum number of leaves, or a tree with the minimum number of internal vertices among trees on which the profile is single-peaked. We also consider several other optimization criteria for trees: for some we obtain polynomial-time algorithms, while for others we show NP-hardness results.
description: 44 pages, extends works published at AAAI 2016 and IJCAI 2013, published version
Open charm yields in d+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=200$ GeV
Creators: name: STAR Collaboration
name: Adams, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mid-rapidity open charm spectra from direct reconstruction of $D^{0}$($\bar{D^0}$)$\to K^{\mp}π^{\pm}$ in d+Au collisions and indirect electron/positron measurements via charm semileptonic decays in p+p and d+Au collisions at \srt = 200 GeV are reported. The $D^{0}$($\bar{D^0}$) spectrum covers a transverse momentum ($p_T$) range of 0.1 $
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Real-time System Identification Using Deep Learning for Linear Processes with Application to Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
Creators: name: Ayyad, Abdulla
name: Chehadeh, Mohamad
name: Awad, Mohammad I.
name: Zweiri, Yahya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper proposes a novel parametric identification approach for linear systems using Deep Learning (DL) and the Modified Relay Feedback Test (MRFT). The proposed methodology utilizes MRFT to reveal distinguishing frequencies about an unknown process; which are then passed to a trained DL model to identify the underlying process parameters. The presented approach guarantees stability and performance in the identification and control phases respectively, and requires few seconds of observation data to infer the dynamic system parameters. Quadrotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) attitude and altitude dynamics were used in simulation and experimentation to verify the presented methodology. Results show the effectiveness and real-time capabilities of the proposed approach, which outperforms the conventional Prediction Error Method in terms of accuracy, robustness to biases, computational efficiency and data requirements.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures. Submitted to IEEE access. A supplementary video for the work presented in this paper can be accessed at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dz3WTFU7W7c. This version includes minor style edits for appendix and references
Additional file 2 of Enteral versus parenteral nutrition in the conservative treatment of upper gastrointestinal fistula after surgery: a multicenter, randomized, parallel-group, open-label, phase III study (NUTRILEAK study)
Creators: name: Gronnier, Caroline
name: Chambrier, Cécile
name: Duhamel, Alain
name: Dervaux, Benoît
name: Collet, Denis
name: Vaudoyer, Delphine
name: Jean-Marc Régimbeau
name: Jougon, Jacques
name: Théréaux, Jérémie
name: Lebreton, Gil
name: Veziant, Julie
name: Valverde, Alain
name: Ortega-Deballon, Pablo
name: Pattou, François
name: Mathonnet, Muriel
name: Perinel, Julie
name: Beyer-Berjot, Laura
name: Fuks, David
name: Rouanet, Philippe
name: Lefevre, Jérémie H.
name: Cattan, Pierre
name: Deguelte, Sophie
name: Meunier, Bernard
name: Jean-Jacques Tuech
name: Pessaux, Patrick
name: Carrere, Nicolas
name: Salame, Ephrem
name: Benaim, Eleonor
name: Dousset, Bertrand
name: Msika, Simon
name: Mariette, Christophe
name: Piessen, Guillaume
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Consent form.
Identifying magnetic reconnection in 2D Hybrid Vlasov Maxwell simulations with Convolutional Neural Networks
Creators: name: Hu, A.
name: Sisti, M.
name: Finelli, F.
name: Califano, F.
name: Dargent, J.
name: Faganello, M.
name: Camporeale, E.
name: Teunissen, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic reconnection is a fundamental process that quickly releases magnetic energy stored in a plasma.Identifying, from simulation outputs, where reconnection is taking place is non-trivial and, in general, has to be performed by human experts. Hence, it would be valuable if such an identification process could be automated. Here, we demonstrate that a machine learning algorithm can help to identify reconnection in 2D simulations of collisionless plasma turbulence. Using a Hybrid Vlasov Maxwell (HVM) model, a data set containing over 2000 potential reconnection events was generated and subsequently labeled by human experts. We test and compare two machine learning approaches with different configurations on this data set. The best results are obtained with a convolutional neural network (CNN) combined with an 'image cropping' step that zooms in on potential reconnection sites. With this method, more than 70% of reconnection events can be identified correctly. The importance of different physical variables is evaluated by studying how they affect the accuracy of predictions. Finally, we also discuss various possible causes for wrong predictions from the proposed model.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures and 5 tabels
Cost-Minimizing Food Budgets in Ghana
Creators: name: Darko, Francis Addeah
name: Allen, Benjamin
name: Mazunda, John
name: Rahimzai, Rafiullah
name: Dobbins, Craig L.
name: Darko, Francis Addeah
name: Allen, Benjamin
name: Mazunda, John
name: Rahimzai, Rafiullah
name: Dobbins, Craig L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Developing countries
subject: nutrition
subject: minimum costs
subject: linear programming

description: Attaining the daily required nutritional recommendations is a major challenge in Ghana where the average person earns about $1.89 per day. A linear programming diet model is used to determine the cheapest basket of food items that satisfy the recommended daily nutritional requirements of the average Ghanaian. Initial findings show that an average Ghanaian requires $0.36 per day to meet his required nutritional needs. This would be met with a food basket made up of sorghum, yam, cassava, coconut and milk. With this food basket and the estimated food expenditure, the average person in Ghana would save about 80% of his/her daily earnings. Sensitivity analyses are also performed to test the robustness of the findings. The paper further highlights some of the limitations of the methodology.
description: Replaced with revised version of paper on 01/14/2011.
Additional file 2 of The development of early ascites is associated with shorter overall survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with drug-eluting embolic chemoembolization
Creators: name: Pipa-Muñiz, María
name: Sanmartino, Susana
name: Mesa, Alicia
name: Álvarez-Navascués, Carmen
name: Maria-Luisa González-Diéguez
name: Cadahía, Valle
name: José-Eduardo Rodríguez
name: Vega, Florentino
name: Rodríguez, Manuel
name: Serafin-Marcos Costilla-García
name: Varela, María
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2 Supplementary Table 1. Post-DEB-TACE events.
Determinants of Inflation in Nigeria: A Co- Integration Approach
Creators: name: Olatunji, G.B.
name: Omotesho, O.A.
name: Ayinde, Opeyemi Eyitayo
name: Ayinde, Kayode
name: Olatunji, G.B.
name: Omotesho, O.A.
name: Ayinde, Opeyemi Eyitayo
name: Ayinde, Kayode
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Financial Economics

description: Inflation is undeniable one of most leading and dynamics macroeconomics issues confronting almost all economies of the world. Its dynamism has made it an imperative issue to be considered. Hence the study examines the factors affecting inflation in Nigeria. Time series data were employed for the study. The data was sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria and National Bureau of Statistics. Descriptive statistics and cointegration analysis were the analytical tools used. It was observed that there were variations in the trend pattern of inflation rate. Some of the variables considered were significant in determining inflation in Nigeria. The previous total export was found to have a negative impact on current inflation while the previous total import exerts a positive effect likewise the food price index. It has thus been recommended that policies that will set the interest rate to a level at which it will encourage investment and increase in production level could be institutionalized, importation should be reduced in Nigeria such that it will not encourage change of consumer taste resulting to inflating prices, exchange rate system should be maintained at a level that will not impose threat on the Nigeria economy and the domestic consumption of petroleum product should be focused, not only exportation.
Is Value Addition in Honey a Panacea for Poverty Reduction in the ASAL in Africa? Empirical Evidence from Baringo District, Kenya
Creators: name: Berem, Risper M.
name: Obare, Gideon A.
name: Owuor, George
name: Berem, Risper M.
name: Obare, Gideon A.
name: Owuor, George
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: value addition
subject: poverty reduction
subject: drought
subject: ASAL
subject: Africa

description: Using survey data from 110 randomly selected honey producers from two divisions in Baringo this paper analyzes the constraints and drivers of value addition in honey, an economic activity with a potential to improve household livelihoods but whose development has remained rudimentary. Baringo District undergoes frequent and prolonged drought that impacts on household livelihood assets. The livelihoods have traditionally been agro-based but due to variations in climatic conditions, crop production has been very low. Livestock production has also been adversely affected by these trends, leaving honey production as a viable alternative for smallholder farmers since it is less dependent on, or affected by climatic variations and is not resource intensive. This study uses Heckman two stage and the logistic regression models to determine the extent of value addition contingent on the decision of a honey producer to participate in value addition activity, and to assess the link between honey value addition and household poverty status, respectively. The results show that the decision to add value is positively and significantly influenced by the amount of honey harvested, group membership and amount of hours spent on off-farm activities, while it is negatively influenced the age of the farmers and the education level of the household head. Value addition contributes to the reduction of poverty through the improvement of household incomes. This paper concludes measures need to be put in place that would encourage and facilitate the practice of value addition if the welfare of the poor rural population is to be improved.