cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
รูปแบบการสอนสังคมศึกษาในยุค NEW NORMAL
Creators: name: พระปลัดภัครวัฒน์ สีลเตโช
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยมหาจุฬาลงกรณราชวิทยาลัย วิทยาเขตขอนแก่น
Year: 2021
Subjects: รูปแบบการสอนสังคมศึกษา
ยุค NEW NORMAL

description: วารสารวิชาการธรรมทรรศน์, 21, 4, 301-312
Biological Removal of Phosphate Using Phosphate Solubilizing Bacterial Consortium from Synthetic Wastewater: A Laboratory Scale
Creators: name: Paul, Dipak
name: Sinha, Sankar Narayan
Publisher: name: Thai Society of Higher Education Institutes on Environment
Year: 2015
Subjects: phosphate removal,synthetic wastewater,phosphate solubilizing bacteria,bacterial consortium

description: 1, 8, EnvironmentAsia
Evolution as context-driven actualization of potential: Toward an interdisciplinary theory of change of state
Creators: name: Gabora, Liane
name: Aerts, Diederik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Other Quantitative Biology (q-bio.OT)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is increasingly evident that there is more to biological evolution than natural selection; moreover, the concept of evolution is not limited to biology. We propose an integrative framework for characterizing how entities evolve, in which evolution is viewed as a process of context-driven actualization of potential (CAP). Processes of change differ according to the degree of nondeterminism, and the degree to which they are sensitive to, internalize, and depend upon a particular context. The approach enables us to embed phenomena across disciplines into a broad conceptual framework. We give examples of insights into physics, biology, culture and cognition that derive from this unifying framework.
description: 19 pages, 1 figure
Sharp lifespan estimates for the weakly coupled system of semilinear damped wave equations in the critical case
Creators: name: Chen, Wenhui
name: Dao, Tuan Anh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The open question, which seems to be also the final part, in terms of studying the Cauchy problem for the weakly coupled system of damped wave equations or reaction-diffusion equations, is so far known as the sharp lifespan estimates in the critical case. In this paper, we mainly investigate lifespan estimates for solutions to the weakly coupled system of semilinear damped wave equations in the critical case. By using a suitable test function method associated with nonlinear differential inequalities, we catch upper bound estimates for the lifespan. Moreover, we establish polynomial-logarithmic type time-weighted Sobolev spaces to obtain lower bound estimates for the lifespan in low spatial dimensions. Then, together with the derived lifespan estimates, new and sharp results on estimates for the lifespan in the critical case are claimed. Finally, we give an application of our results to the semilinear reaction-diffusion system in the critical case.
Tunnelling in organic superconductors
Creators: name: Bolech, C. J.
name: Giamarchi, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the possibility of deciding on the symmetry of the superconducting phase in the organic superconductors (Bechgaard salts), using tunnelling experiments. We first briefly review the properties of organic superconductors, and the possibility to have unconventional (triplet) superconductivity in these systems. We then present a simple scheme for computing the full current-voltage characteristics for tunnelling experiments within the framework of the non-equilibrium Keldysh Green function formalism. This formalism is flexible enough to address different pairing symmetries combined with magnetic fields and finite temperatures at arbitrary bias voltages. We then discuss extensively how to apply these results to probe for the symmetry of the superconducting order parameter.
description: Proceedings of the Yukawa Kyoto International Symposium 2004 on Strongly Correlated Electrons, to be published as a special volume of Progress of Theoretical Physics Supplement
The Human Cell Atlas & Equity: Lessons Learned
Creators: name: Majumder, Partha P.
name: Mhlanga, Musa M.
name: Shalek, Alex K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Other Quantitative Biology (q-bio.OT)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The Human Cell Atlas has been undergoing a massive effort to support global scientific equity. The co-leaders of its Equity Working Group share some lessons learned in the process.
Cooling toolbox for atoms in optical lattices
Creators: name: Popp, M.
name: Garcia-Ripoll, J. -J.
name: Vollbrecht, K. G. H.
name: Cirac, J. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose and analyze several schemes for cooling bosonic and fermionic atoms in an optical lattice potential close to the ground state of the no-tunnelling regime. Some of the protocols rely on the concept of algorithmic cooling, which combines occupation number filtering with ideas from ensemble quantum computation. We also design algorithms that create an ensemble of defect-free quantum registers. We study the efficiency of our protocols for realistic temperatures and in the presence of a harmonic confinement. We also propose an incoherent physical implementation of filtering which can be operated in a continuous way.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures
All (qubit) decoherences: Complete characterization and physical implementation
Creators: name: Ziman, Mario
name: Buzek, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate decoherence channels that are modelled as a sequence of collisions of a quantum system (e.g., a qubit) with particles (e.g., qubits) of the environment. We show that collisions induce decoherence when a bi-partite interaction between the system qubit and an environment (reservoir) qubit is described by the controlled-U unitary transformation (gate). We characterize decoherence channels and in the case of a qubit we specify the most general decoherence channel and derive a corresponding master equation. Finally, we analyze entanglement that is generated during the process of decoherence between the system and its environment.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
The low-$T$ phase diagram of ${\rm LiHo_xY_{1-x}F_4}$
Creators: name: Schechter, M.
name: Stamp, P. C. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ${\rm LiHo_xY_{1-x}F_4}$ compound is widely considered to be the archetypal dipolar Quantum Ising system, with longitudinal dipolar interactions $V_{ij}^{zz}$ between ${\rm Ho}$ spins $\{i,j \}$ competing with transverse field-induced tunneling, to give a T=0 quantum phase transition. By varying the ${\rm Ho}$ concentration x, the typical strength $V_0$ of $V_{ij}^{zz}$ can be varied over many orders of magnitude; and so can the transverse field $H_{\perp}$. A new effective Hamiltonian is derived, starting from the electronuclear degrees of freedom, and valid at low and intermediate temperatures. For any such dipolar Quantum Ising system, the hyperfine interaction will dominate the physics at low temperatures, even if its strength $A_0 < V_0$: one must therefore go beyond an electronic transverse field Quantum Ising model. We derive the full phase diagram of this system, including all nuclear levels, as a function of transverse field $H_{\perp}$, temperature $T$, and dipole concentration x. For ${\rm LiHo_xY_{1-x}F_4}$ we predict a re-entrant critical field as a function of x. We also predict the phase diagram for x$=0.045$, and the behavior of the system in magnetic resonance and $μ$SR experiments.
description: 19 pages, 10 figures, predictions regarding magnetic resonance experiments are added, presentation improved
Hybrid Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless and Ising topological phase transition in the generalized two-dimensional XY model using tensor networks
Creators: name: Song, Feng-Feng
name: Zhang, Guang-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In tensor network representation, the partition function of a generalized two-dimensional XY spin model with topological integer and half-integer vortex excitations is mapped to a tensor product of one-dimensional quantum transfer operator, whose eigen-equation can be solved by an algorithm of variational uniform matrix product states. Using the singularities of the entanglement entropy, we accurately determine the complete phase diagram of this model. Both the integer vortex-antivortex binding and half-integer vortex-antivortex binding phases are separated from the disordered phase by the usual Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) transitions, while a continuous topological phase transition exists between two different vortex binding phases, exhibiting a logarithmic divergence of the specific heat and exponential divergence of the spin correlation length. A new hybrid BKT and Ising universality class of topological phase transition is thus established. We further prove that three phase transition lines meets at a multi-critical point, from which a deconfinement crossover line extends into the disordered phase.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, revised version
Curvature perturbations from dimensional decoupling
Creators: name: Giovannini, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The scalar modes of the geometry induced by dimensional decoupling are investigated. In the context of the low energy string effective action, solutions can be found where the spatial part of the background geometry is the direct product of two maximally symmetric Euclidean manifolds whose related scale factors evolve at a dual rate so that the expanding dimensions first accelerate and then decelerate while the internal dimensions always contract. After introducing the perturbative treatment of the inhomogeneities, a class of five-dimensional geometries is discussed in detail. Quasi-normal modes of the system are derived and the numerical solution for the evolution of the metric inhomogeneities shows that the fluctuations of the internal dimensions provide a term that can be interpreted, in analogy with the well-known four-dimensional situation, as a non-adiabatic pressure density variation. Implications of this result are discussed with particular attention to string cosmological scenarios.
description: 25 pages, 3 figures
Peptides of H. sapiens and P. falciparum that are predicted to bind strongly to HLA-A*24:02 and homologous to a SARS-CoV-2 peptide
Creators: name: Adiguzel, Yekbun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Other Quantitative Biology (q-bio.OT)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Aim: This study is looking for a common pathogenicity between SARS-CoV-2 and plasmodium species, in individuals with certain HLA serotypes. Methods: 1-) Tblastx searches of SARS-CoV-2 are performed by limiting searches to plasmodium species that infect human. 2-) Aligned sequences in the respective organisms' proteomes are searched with blastp. 3-) Binding predictions of the identified SARS-CoV-2 peptide to MHC class I supertype representatives are performed. 4-) Blastp searches of predicted-epitopes that bind strongly to the identified HLA allele are performed by limiting searches to human and to the plasmodium species. 5-) Peptides with minimum 60 % identity to the predicted-epitopes are found in results. 6-) Peptides among those, which bind strongly to the same HLA allele, are predicted. 7-) Step-4 is repeated by limiting searches to human, for peptides sourced by limiting searches to plasmodium species at step-4. 8-) Step-5 and 6 are performed with results of 7. Results: CFLGYFCTCYFGLFC peptide of SARS-CoV-2 has the highest identity to P. vivax. Its GYFCTCYFGLF and YFCTCYFGLF parts are predicted to bind strongly to HLA-A*24:02. Results obtained only for peptides homologous to YFCTCYFGLF, as follows: YYCARRFGLF, YYCHCPFGVF, and YYCQQYFFLF are potential HLA-A*24:02 epitopes in the human proteome. Among FFYTFYFELF, YFVACLFILF, and YFPTITFHLF peptides in the plasmodium species' proteomes with strong binding affinity to HLA-A*24:02, only FFYTFYFELF of P. falciparum is homologous to the potential HLA-A*24:02 epitope YFYLFSLELF in the human proteome. Conclusion: Immune responses to the identified-peptides with similar sequences and strong binding affinities to HLA-A*24:02 may lead to autoimmune response risk in individuals with HLA-A*24:02 serotypes, upon getting infected with SARS-CoV-2 or P. falciparum.
description: 37 pages, 4 figures
การเข้าสู่สังคมระหว่างประเทศของสยามกับ “การระบุบ่งตัวตนของรัฐ” ในการสงครามสมัยใหม่ (ค.ศ. 1782-1917)
Creators: name: ศิวพล ชมภูพันธุ์
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยมหาจุฬาลงกรณราชวิทยาลัย วิทยาเขตขอนแก่น
Year: 2021
Subjects: การสงครามของสยาม
สังคมระหว่างประเทศ
การระบุบ่งตัวตนของรัฐ

description: วารสารวิชาการธรรมทรรศน์, 21, 4, 313-328
Gapped magnetic ground state in quantum-spin-liquid candidate $κ$-(BEDT-TTF)$_2$-Cu$_2$(CN)$_3$
Creators: name: Miksch, Björn
name: Pustogow, Andrej
name: Rahim, Mojtaba Javaheri
name: Bardin, Andrey A.
name: Kanoda, Kazushi
name: Schlueter, John A.
name: Hübner, Ralph
name: Scheffler, Marc
name: Dressel, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Geometrical frustration, quantum entanglement and disorder may prevent long-range order of localized spins with strong exchange interactions, resulting in a novel state of matter. $κ$-(BEDT-TTF)$_2$-Cu$_2$(CN)$_3$ is considered the best approximation of this elusive quantum-spin-liquid state, but its ground-state properties remain puzzling. Here we present a multi-frequency electron-spin resonance study down to millikelvin temperatures, revealing a rapid drop of the spin susceptibility at $T^*=6\,\mathrm{K}$. This opening of a spin gap, accompanied by structural modifications, suggests the enigmatic `$6\,\mathrm{K}$-anomaly' as the transition to a valence-bond-solid ground state. We identify an impurity contribution that becomes dominant when the intrinsic spins form singlets. Only probing the electrons directly manifests the pivotal role of defects for the low-energy properties of quantum-spin systems without magnetic order.
description: 34 pages, 17 figures
[Scan of published word list]
Creators: name: (:Unkn)
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021

description: Mehrotra, Ramesh Chandra. 1971. A Classified Collection of One Thousand Words for Undertaking Field Work on Indian Languages. Psycho-Lingua 1(1): 61-81.

One PDF file. Includes checkmarks indicating lexical items elicited, with some items crossed out and additional items added by hand.
Entropy landscape and non-Gibbs solutions in constraint satisfaction problems
Creators: name: Dall'Asta, L.
name: Ramezanpour, A.
name: Zecchina, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the entropy landscape of solutions for the bicoloring problem in random graphs, a representative difficult constraint satisfaction problem. Our goal is to classify which type of clusters of solutions are addressed by different algorithms. In the first part of the study we use the cavity method to obtain the number of clusters with a given internal entropy and determine the phase diagram of the problem, e.g. dynamical, rigidity and SAT-UNSAT transitions. In the second part of the paper we analyze different algorithms and locate their behavior in the entropy landscape of the problem. For instance we show that a smoothed version of a decimation strategy based on Belief Propagation is able to find solutions belonging to sub-dominant clusters even beyond the so called rigidity transition where the thermodynamically relevant clusters become frozen. These non-equilibrium solutions belong to the most probable unfrozen clusters.
description: 38 pages, 10 figures
Missing links as a source of seemingly variable constants in complex reaction networks
Creators: name: Nicolaou, Zachary G.
name: Motter, Adilson E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A major challenge in network science is to determine parameters governing complex network dynamics from experimental observations and theoretical models. In complex chemical reaction networks, for example, such as those describing processes in internal combustion engines and power generators, rate constant estimates vary significantly across studies despite substantial experimental efforts. Here, we examine the possibility that variability in measured constants can be largely attributed to the impact of missing network information on parameter estimation. Through the numerical simulation of measurements in incomplete chemical reaction networks, we show that unaccountability of network links presumed unimportant (with local sensitivity amounting to less than two percent of that of a measured link) can create apparent rate constant variations as large as one order of magnitude even if no experimental errors are present in the data. Furthermore, the correlation coefficient between the logarithmic deviation of the rate constant estimate and the cumulative relative sensitivity of the neglected reactions was less than $0.5$ in all cases. Thus, for dynamical processes on complex networks, iteratively expanding a model by determining new parameters from data collected under specific conditions is unlikely to produce reliable results.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures. Updated after publication
[Word list II]
Creators: name: Grosjean Jr., Glen M.
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: dzo

description: Elicitation of lexical items numbered 287-623 (pp. 69-74) in:

Mehrotra, Ramesh Chandra. 1971. A Classified Collection of One Thousand Words for Undertaking Field Work on Indian Languages. Psycho-Lingua 1(1): 61-81.
Photographic interconnections : how students view their school environment
Creators: name: Jansen, Stephanie Alaire
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This research aimed to understand the relationships seven secondary students perceived themselves to have with the physical and social features of their school environment. An ecological approach was used to study the reciprocal relationships between students and their school. Cameras were put in the hands of seven secondary students enrolled in a photography course at their school. They were given a roll of 24-exposure black and white film and asked to photograph the physical and social features that represented their interconnections with their school environment. To record their perspectives, each student selected their two best pictures and wrote a descriptive narrative for each. Interviews focused around their photographs to further enhance their meanings for the researcher. The majority of the students photographed physical features that they used as metaphors to represent their interconnections with their school environment. Their narratives either supported or rejected the way specific physical features looked and communicated social or political statements about the benefits or limitations of the school environment. The results clearly indicate that, from the students' perspectives, the physical environment of their school shapes the social and political aspects of their educational experience. Each student's photo-story about their relationship with their school environment is valuable information for educators to consider. Listening to what the students deem to be important and taking their ideas into consideration could promote constructive changes needed within so many school environments.
Improved Templates for Photometric Redshifts of Submm Sources
Creators: name: Hunt, L. K.
name: Maiolino, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is growing evidence that some star-forming galaxies at z>1 are characterized by high efficiencies and specific star formation rates. In the local universe, these traits are shared by ``active'' Blue Compact Dwarf galaxies (BCDs) with compact and dense star-forming regions. The Spectral Energy Distributions (SEDs) of these BCDs are dominated by young massive star clusters, embedded in a cocoon of dust. In this Letter, we incorporate these BCD SEDs as templates for two samples of high-redshift galaxy populations selected at submm wavelengths. Because of the severe absorption of the optical light, the featureless mid-infrared spectrum, and the relatively flat radio continuum, the dusty star-cluster SEDs are good approximations to most of the submm sources in our samples. In most cases, the active BCD SEDs fit the observed photometric points better than the ``standard'' templates, M 82 and Arp 220, and predict photometric redshifts significantly closer to the spectroscopic ones. Our results strongly suggest that the embedded dusty star clusters in BCD galaxies are superior to other local templates such as M 82 and Arp 220 in fitting distant submm starburst galaxies.
description: Accepted by ApJL: 4 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables
Learning with All Your Senses: Mathematical Manipulatives Enhance Student Comprehension of Biological Models
Creators: name: Gaff, Holly
name: Jungck, John
name: Wojdak, Jeremy
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2019

description: Handout for a session presentation on kinesthetic learning at the 2019 BioQUEST & QUBES Summer Workshop
The X-ray Halo of GX5-1
Creators: name: Smith, Randall K
name: Dame, T. M.
name: Costantini, Elisa
name: Predehl, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using Chandra observations we have measured the energy-resolved dust-scattered X-ray halo around the low-mass X-ray binary GX5-1, which shows signs of both singly- and multiply-scattered X-rays. We compared the observed X-ray halo at various energies to predictions from a range of dust models. These fits used both smoothly-distributed dust as well as dust in clumped clouds, with CO and 21 cm observations helping to determine the position of the clouds along the line of sight. We found that the BARE-GR-B model of Zubko, Dwek & Arendt (2004 generally led to the best results, although inadequacies in both the overall model and the data limit our conclusions. We also found that the composite dust models of Zubko, Dwek & Arendt (2004), especially the ``no carbon'' models, gave uniformly poor results. Although models using cloud positions and densities derived naively from CO and 21 cm data gave generally poor results, plausible adjustments to the distance of the largest cloud and the mass of a cloud in the expanding 3 kpc Arm lead to significantly improved fits. We suggest that combining X-ray halo, CO, and 21 cm observations will be a fruitful method to improve our understanding of both the gas and dust phases of the interstellar medium.
description: 10 pages, accepted by ApJ
Causal Perception in Question-Answering Systems
Creators: name: Law, Po-Ming
name: Lo, Leo Yu-Ho
name: Endert, Alex
name: Stasko, John
name: Qu, Huamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Root cause analysis is a common data analysis task. While question-answering systems enable people to easily articulate a why question (e.g., why students in Massachusetts have high ACT Math scores on average) and obtain an answer, these systems often produce questionable causal claims. To investigate how such claims might mislead users, we conducted two crowdsourced experiments to study the impact of showing different information on user perceptions of a question-answering system. We found that in a system that occasionally provided unreasonable responses, showing a scatterplot increased the plausibility of unreasonable causal claims. Also, simply warning participants that correlation is not causation seemed to lead participants to accept reasonable causal claims more cautiously. We observed a strong tendency among participants to associate correlation with causation. Yet, the warning appeared to reduce the tendency. Grounded in the findings, we propose ways to reduce the illusion of causality when using question-answering systems.
description: ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI 2021)
Spectral Formation in X-Ray Pulsars: Bulk Comptonization in the Accretion Shock
Creators: name: Becker, Peter A.
name: Wolff, Michael T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accretion-powered X-ray pulsars are among the most luminous X-ray sources in the Galaxy. However, despite decades of theoretical and observational work since their discovery, no satisfactory model for the formation of the observed X-ray spectra has emerged. In particular, the previously available theories are unable to reproduce the power-law variation observed at high energies in many sources. In this paper, we present the first self-consistent calculation of the spectrum emerging from a pulsar accretion column that includes an explicit treatment of the energization occurring in the shock. Using a rigorous eigenfunction expansion method based on the exact dynamical solution for the velocity profile in the column, we obtain a closed-form expression for the Green's function describing the upscattering of radiation injected into the column from a monochromatic source located at the top of the thermal mound, near the base of the flow. The Green's function is convolved with a Planck distribution to calculate the radiation spectrum resulting from the reprocessing of blackbody photons emitted by the thermal mound. We demonstrate that the energization of the photons in the shock naturally produces an X-ray spectrum with a power-law shape at high energies and a blackbody shape at low energies, in agreement with many observations of accreting X-ray pulsars.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Content for virtual community platform to target contractors
Creators: name: Sutherland, James
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Physical model
hydraulic model
design

description: There is a long history of conducting experimental tests of hydraulic problems, from Archimedes, Leonardo da Vinci and the great 19th century pioneers such as Froude and Reynolds, right up until the present day. Throughout this time, hydraulic scale models have proven to be an effective and cost-efficient tool to investigate complex dynamic problems following the principle of similitude.
The use of physical hydraulic models has evolved, and will continue to evolve, as computer power increases. Physical models today capture orders of magnitude more data than they did even a decade ago. Terrestrial and underwater laser scanners, photogrammetry, acoustic and optical sensors are gathering Gigabytes of data at a time over fast ethercat networks and storing them on large servers. Sophisticated data processing and analysis routines are used to extract more information (on damage or scour or vessel movement) than was previously possible. These outputs from physical models are still used in the design and verification of many structures, ranging from traditional seawalls, revetments, dykes and levees, through weirs and river control structures, to floating bodies, marine foundations and renewable energy devices.
However, increasing emphasis is being given to complex, turbulent flows, with more linear problems being taken over almost exclusively by numerical models. The increasing capability of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models is the latest challenge to physical models. This is hampered by the fact that there are so many CFD solvers, and methods to set up and run models, that a wide range of answers can be given. Physical models, on the other hand, have a history of over a century of successful development and produce more detailed results than ever before. Moreover, techniques and protocols for composite modelling – which uses both physical and numerical models together – are being developed. The continued development of numerical and physical models in parallel – to compare and complement each other, to utilize the strengths and minimize the weaknesses of each – is therefore expected to continue. As a consequence, consultants, contractors and clients are all expected to retain a need for physical models to address problems in structural design and environmental fluid mechanics for many years to come.
title: THz Antenna-Coupled Zero-Bias Schottky Diode Detectors for Particle Accelerators
Creators: name: Yadav, Rahul
name: Preu, Sascha
name: Klopf, J. Michael
name: Kuntzsch, M.
name: Penirschke, Andreas
Publisher: name: JACoW Publishing
Year: 2024

description: Semiconductor-based broadband room-temperature Terahertz (THz) detectors are well suitable for beam diagnosis and alignment at accelerator facilities due to easy handling, compact size, no requirement of cooling, direct detection and robustness. Zero-Bias Schottky Diode (ZBSD) based THz detectors are highly sensitive and extremely fast, enabling the detection of picosecond scale THz pulses. This contribution gives an overview of direct THz detector technologies and applications. The ZBSD detector developed by our group has undergone several tests with table-top THz sources and also characterized with the free-electron laser (FEL) at HZDR Dresden, Germany up to 5.56 THz. In order to understand the rectification mechanism at higher THz frequencies, detector modelling and optimization is essential for a given application. We show parametric analysis of a antenna-coupled ZBSD detector by using 3D electromagnetic field simulation software (CST). The results will be used for optimization and fabrication of next generation ZBSD detectors, which are planned to be commissioned at THz generating FEL accelerator facilities in near future.
COVID-2019: ฉากทัศน์การท่องเที่ยวทางพระพุทธศาสนาในสังคมวิถีใหม่
Creators: name: สุภัคชญา บุญเฉลียว
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยมหาจุฬาลงกรณราชวิทยาลัย วิทยาเขตขอนแก่น
Year: 2021
Subjects: โควิด-2019
การท่องเที่ยววัด
สังคมวิถีใหม่

description: วารสารวิชาการธรรมทรรศน์, 21, 4, 329-340
On the derivatives of the Lempert functions
Creators: name: Nikolov, Nikolai
name: Pflug, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32F45

description: We show that if the Kobayashi--Royden metric of a complex manifold is continuous and positive at a given point and any non-zero tangent vector, then the "derivatives" of the higher order Lempert functions exist and equal the respective Kobayashi metrics at the point. It is a generalization of a result by M. Kobayashi for taut manifolds.
description: to appear in the Ann. Mat. Pura Appl.
Analysis of Uplink IRS-Assisted NOMA under Nakagami-m Fading via Moments Matching
Creators: name: Tahir, Bashar
name: Schwarz, Stefan
name: Rupp, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This letter investigates the uplink outage performance of intelligent reflecting surface (IRS)-assisted non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA). We consider the general case where all users have both direct and reflection links, and all links undergo Nakagami-m fading. We approximate the received powers of the NOMA users as Gamma random variables via moments matching. This allows for tractable expressions of the outage under interference cancellation (IC), while being flexible in modeling various propagation environments. Our analysis shows that under certain conditions, the presence of an IRS might degrade the performance of users that have dominant line-of-sight (LOS) to the base station (BS), while users dominated by non-line-of-sight (NLOS) will always benefit from it.
Modeling star formation in dwarf spheroidal galaxies: a case for extended dark matter halos
Creators: name: Mashchenko, Sergey
name: Couchman, H. M. P.
name: Sills, Alison
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a simple model for the formation of dwarf spheroidal galaxies, in which stars are assumed to have formed from isothermal gas in hydrostatic equilibrium inside extended dark matter halos. After expelling the leftover gas, the stellar system undergoes a dynamical relaxation inside the dark matter halo. These models can adequately describe the observed properties of three (Draco, Sculptor, and Carina) out of four Galactic dwarf spheroidal satellites studied in this paper. We suggest that the fourth galaxy (Fornax), which cannot be fitted well with our model, is observed all the way to its tidal radius. Our best fitting models have virial masses of ~10^9 M_Sun, halo formation redshifts consistent with the age of oldest stars in these dwarfs, and shallow inner dark matter density profiles (with slope gamma -0.5...0). The inferred temperature of gas is ~10^4 K. In our model, the "extratidal" stars observed in the vicinity of some dwarf spheroidal galaxies are gravitationally bound to the galaxies and are a part of the extended stellar halos. The inferred virial masses make Galactic dwarf spheroidals massive enough to alleviate the "missing satellites" problem of LCDM cosmologies.
description: ApJ accepted, 15 pages, 8 figures
Ab-intio study of ultrafast charge dynamics in graphene
Creators: name: Li, Q. Z.
name: Elliott, P.
name: Dewhurst, J. K.
name: Sharma, S.
name: Shallcross, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Monolayer graphene provides an ideal material to explore one of the fundamental light-field driven interference effects: Landau-Zener-Stückelberg interference. However, direct observation of the resulting interference patterns in momentum space has not proven possible, with Landau-Zener-Stückelberg interference observed only indirectly through optically induced residual currents. Here we show that the transient electron momentum density (EMD), an object that can easily be obtained in experiment, provides an excellent description of momentum resolved charge excitation. We employ state-of-the-art time-dependent density function theory calculations, demonstrating by direct comparison of EMD with conduction band occupancy, obtained from projecting the time propagated wavefunction onto the ground state, that the two quantities are in excellent agreement. For even the most intense laser pulses we find that the electron dynamics to be almost completely dominated by the $π$-band, with transitions to other bands strongly suppressed. Simple model based tight-binding approaches can thus be expected to provide an excellent description for the laser induced electron dynamics in graphene.
Low Luminosity Gamma-Ray Bursts as a Unique Population: Luminosity Function, Local Rate, and Beaming Factor
Creators: name: Liang, Enwei
name: Zhang, Bing
name: Virgili, Francisco
name: Dai, Z. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Swift/BAT has detected ~ 200 long-duration GRBs, with redshift measurements for ~50 of them. We derive the luminosity function (Phi^{HL}) and the local event rate (rho_0^{HL}) of the conventional high luminosity (HL) GRBs by using the z-known Swift GRBs. Our results are generally consistent with that derived from the CGRO/BATSE data. However, the fact that Swift detected a low luminosity (LL) GRB, GRB 060218, at z=0.033 within ~ 2 year of operation, together with the previous detection of the nearby GRB 980425, suggests a much higher local rate for these LL-GRBs. We explore the possibility that LL-GRBs as a distinct GRB population from the HL-GRBs. We find that rho_0^{LL} is 325_{-177}^{+352} Gpc^{-3} yr^{-1}, which is much higher than rho_0^{HL}(1.12_{-0.20}^{+0.43} Gpc^{-3} yr^{-1}). This rate is ~ 0.7% of the local Type Ib/c SNe. Our results, together with the finding that less than 10% of Type Ib/c SNe are associated with off-beam GRBs, suggest that LL-GRBs have a beaming factor typically less than 14, or a jet angle typically wider than 31^{o}. The high local GRB rate, the small beaming factor, and low luminosity make the LL-GRBs distinct from the HL-GRBs. Although the current data could not fully rule out the possibility that both HL- and LL-GRBs are the same population, our results suggest that LL-GRBs are likely a unique GRB population and the observed low redshift GRB sample is dominated by the LL-GRBs.
description: 11 pages total with 5 figures, conclusions not changed, matched to published version, Astrophysical Journal,2007, ApJ, 662,1111
Investigation of ultrashort laser excitation of aluminum and tungsten by reflectivity measurements
Creators: name: Genieys, T.
name: Sentis, M.
name: Utéza, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the laser-induced ablation threshold fluence in air of aluminum and tungsten excited by single near-infrared laser pulses with duration ranging from 15 fs to 100 fs. The ablation threshold fluence is shown constant for both metals, extending the corresponding scaling metrics to few-optical-cycle laser pulses. Meanwhile, the reflectivity is measured providing access to the deposited energy in the studied materials on a wide range of pulse durations and incident fluences below and above the ablation threshold. A simulation approach, based on the two-temperature model and the Drude-Lorentz model, is developed to describe the evolution of the transient thermodynamic and optical characteristics of the solids (lattice and electronic temperatures, reflectivity) following laser excitation. The confrontation between experimental results and simulations highlights the importance of considering a detailed description and evolution of the density of states in transition metals like tungsten.
title: Intermediate Frequency Circuit Components for Integration of on-Chip Amplifier With THz Detectors
Creators: name: Yadav, Rahul
name: Preu, Sascha
name: Penirschke, Andreas
Publisher: name: JACoW Publishing
Year: 2024

description: The demand for THz detectors for beam diagnosis and alignment at THz generating accelerator facilities increases continuously especially for room temperature applications. The Zero-Bias Schottky Diode (ZBSD) and field effect transistor (TeraFET) based Terahertz (THz) detectors are well suited for both, signal power detection at DC as well as Pulse shape diagnostics by down-conversion at intermediate frequencies (IF). The limited signal strength due to the roll-off factor of the low pass filter characteristic of the detectors at higher THz frequencies requires wide-band amplifiers to enhance the IF signal from a few µW to nW well above the noise floor of the subsequent post detection electronics. Using external amplifiers would enhance the signal losses even further due to additional connectors and rf-cable losses and degrade the signal to noise ratio (SNR). In order to maximize the SNR, we propose to have an on-chip amplifier integrated in the detectors intermediate frequency (IF) circuit in the same housing. In this work, we present the design and parametric analysis of components for transition to an IF circuit, which will be integrated in the ZBSD and TeraFET on chip with amplifier. A rigorous design analysis has been done to find the optimal parameters for wide-band operation in order to enhance the detector’s resolution to capture pulses in the pico-second range with the help of fast post detection electronics.
Report on COESO project Dissemination Activities (COESO D.7.5)
Creators: name: Achenbach, Kelly
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: COESO Project
SSH
Citizen Science
Participatory Research
Dissemination

description: This "Report on Dissemination Activities (COESO D.7.5)" encapsulates the achievements of communication and dissemination efforts during the three-year Collaborative Engagement on Societal Issues (COESO) project funded by the European Commission. The document provides a succinct overview, starting with a summary of project objectives and aims, followed by an exploration of dissemination management structures and achievements. The COESO project, aiming to advance citizen science and participatory research in social sciences and humanities, collaborates with diverse communities and platforms such as Hypotheses.org and EU-Citizen.Science. Notably, COESO produces various outputs, with the Virtual Ecosystem for Research Activation (VERA) being a significant contribution, fostering collaborative knowledge production and sharing among researchers and society members. The report also outlines specific project activities, including funding 10 citizen science pilot projects, conducting mutual learning exercises, developing the Cooperation Analytics tool, and raising awareness of citizen science funding needs within the SSH research community and European research funders
Validity of models for Dreicer generation of runaway electrons in dynamic scenarios
Creators: name: Olasz, S.
name: Embreus, O.
name: Hoppe, M.
name: Aradi, M.
name: Por, D.
name: Jonsson, T.
name: Yadikin, D.
name: Pokol, G. I.
name: Team, EU-IM
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Runaway electron modelling efforts are motivated by the risk these energetic particles pose to large fusion devices. The sophisticated kinetic models can capture most features of the runaway electron generation but have high computational costs which can be avoided by using computationally cheaper reduced kinetic codes. In this paper, we compare the reduced kinetic and kinetic models to determine when the former solvers, based on analytical calculations assuming quasi-stationarity, can be used. The Dreicer generation rate is calculated by two different solvers in parallel in a workflow developed in the European Integrated Modelling framework, and this is complemented by calculations of a third code that is not yet integrated into the framework. Runaway Fluid, a reduced kinetic code, NORSE, a kinetic code using non-linear collision operator, and DREAM, a linearized Fokker-Planck solver, are used to investigate the effect of a dynamic change in the electric field for different plasma scenarios spanning across the whole tokamak-relevant range. We find that on time scales shorter than or comparable to the electron collision time at the critical velocity for runaway electron generation kinetic effects not captured by reduced kinetic models play an important role. This characteristic time scale is easy to calculate and can reliably be used to determine whether there is a need for kinetic modelling, or cheaper reduced kinetic codes are expected to deliver sufficiently accurate results. This criterion can be automated, and thus it can be of great benefit for the comprehensive self-consistent modelling frameworks that are attempting to simulate complex events such as tokamak start-up or disruptions.
Multi-scale Deep Neural Network (MscaleDNN) Methods for Oscillatory Stokes Flows in Complex Domains
Creators: name: Wang, Bo
name: Zhang, Wenzhong
name: Cai, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study a multi-scale deep neural network (MscaleDNN) as a meshless numerical method for computing oscillatory Stokes flows in complex domains. The MscaleDNN employs a multi-scale structure in the design of its DNN using radial scalings to convert the approximation of high frequency components of the highly oscillatory Stokes solution to one of lower frequencies. The MscaleDNN solution to the Stokes problem is obtained by minimizing a loss function in terms of L2 normof the residual of the Stokes equation. Three forms of loss functions are investigated based on vorticity-velocity-pressure, velocity-stress-pressure, and velocity-gradient of velocity-pressure formulations of the Stokes equation. We first conduct a systematic study of the MscaleDNN methods with various loss functions on the Kovasznay flow in comparison with normal fully connected DNNs. Then, Stokes flows with highly oscillatory solutions in a 2-D domain with six randomly placed holes are simulated by the MscaleDNN. The results show that MscaleDNN has faster convergence and consistent error decays in the simulation of Kovasznay flow for all four tested loss functions. More importantly, the MscaleDNN is capable of learning highly oscillatory solutions when the normal DNNs fail to converge.
Defects and Perturbation
Creators: name: Brehm, Enrico M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate perturbatively tractable deformations of topological defects in two-dimensional conformal field theories. We perturbatively compute the change in the $g$-factor, the reflectivity, and the entanglement entropy of the conformal defect at the end of these short RG flows. We also give instances of such flows in the diagonal Virasoro and Super-Virasoro Minimal Models.
description: 28 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, references added, some typos corrected
[Word list III]
Creators: name: Grosjean Jr., Glen M.
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: dzo

description: Elicitation of lexical items numbered 624-998 (pp. 74-81) in:

Mehrotra, Ramesh Chandra. 1971. A Classified Collection of One Thousand Words for Undertaking Field Work on Indian Languages. Psycho-Lingua 1(1): 61-81.