cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Financing Rural Credit: Experiences with Farmers in East & Southern Africa
Creators: name: Kyamuwendo, Elijah
name: Wibberley, John
name: Kyamuwendo, Elijah
name: Wibberley, John
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Farm Management
Financial Economics

description: Small financial loans (credit schemes) can be strategic to help African subsistence farmers to develop their farms and in fostering new rural micro-enterprises. Such credit can be provided and serviced by NGOs (Non-Government Organisations – often charitable). Concomitant training in financial management and entrepreneurship can be helpful. Drawing on participant observer research and experience in Southern and East Africa, the authors propose that ultimately – to be sustainable - responsibility for such financial provision must be taken by farmers themselves, both individually and communally. Initial help from outsiders (such as charitable NGOs) may be crucial in catalysing this provision and in setting up procedures for its prudent and transparent management. However, ongoing help should be confined to training in financial management and entrepreneurship, leaving farmers themselves to organise and take responsibility for their funds, interacting with the banks, or with traditional societies such as stokvels where appropriate. Evidence is provided from the experience of ACAT in South Africa over the past 33 years, of a hugely beneficial strategic switch from expensively servicing and financially monitoring Savings Clubs to encouraging their formation and management independently by farmers. Lessons are drawn from and for work in East Africa. Their application is the objective of this Paper.
Top Quark Measurements at the Fermilab Tevatron
Creators: name: Azzi, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The top quark, discovered at the Tevatron in 1995, is a very interesting particle. Precise measurement of the top properties using large data samples will allow stringent tests of the Standard Model and offer a unique window on new physics. In this report will be reviewed the status of the current knowledge of the top quark as provided by the Run I results of the CDF and D0 experiment. A first look at various preliminary measurements obtained with data collected during Run II will be also presented.
description: 10 pages, 14 figures Proceeding of Lepton-Photon 2003, Fermilab Batavia (IL), August 2003
Neutrosophic Set is a Generalization of Intuitionistic Fuzzy Set, Inconsistent Intuitionistic Fuzzy Set (Picture Fuzzy Set, Ternary Fuzzy Set), Pythagorean Fuzzy Set, q-Rung Orthopair Fuzzy Set, Spherical Fuzzy Set, etc
Creators: name: Smarandache, Florentin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we prove that Neutrosophic Set (NS) is an extension of Intuitionistic Fuzzy Set (IFS) no matter if the sum of single-valued neutrosophic components is < 1, or > 1, or = 1. For the case when the sum of components is 1 (as in IFS), after applying the neutrosophic aggregation operators one gets a different result from that of applying the intuitionistic fuzzy operators, since the intuitionistic fuzzy operators ignore the indeterminacy, while the neutrosophic aggregation operators take into consideration the indeterminacy at the same level as truth-membership and falsehood-nonmembership are taken. NS is also more flexible and effective because it handles, besides independent components, also partially independent and partially dependent components, while IFS cannot deal with these. Since there are many types of indeterminacies in our world, we can construct different approaches to various neutrosophic concepts. Also, Regret Theory, Grey System Theory, and Three-Ways Decision are particular cases of Neutrosophication and of Neutrosophic Probability. We extended for the first time the Three-Ways Decision to n-Ways Decision, and the Spherical Fuzzy Set to n-HyperSpherical Fuzzy Set and to n-HyperSpherical Neutrosophic Set.
description: 50 pages, several figures
Defining the Interacting Regions of the Translational Regulators Polyadenylate Binding Protein (PABP) 1 and the Programmed Cell Death Protein (Pdcd) 4.
Creators: name: Mwale, Nicholas K.
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2019
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Programmed Cell Death protein (Pdcd) 4 is a highly conserved nuclear/cytoplasmic shuttling and RNA binding protein that has been shown to suppress tumour progression by regulating transcription and translation and is therefore considered a promising target for anti-cancer therapies. Until recently regulation of translation inhibition was exclusively thought to be eIF4A mediated, and was shown to involve the interaction of the tandem MA3 domains of Pdcd4 with the RNA helicase, eIF4A. Recent evidence has shown that Pdcd4 can also inhibit translation in an eIF4A independent mechanism, via direct interactions with both the Poly Adenylate Binding Protein (PABP) 1 and specific regions of mRNA. The work in this thesis describes the crystallisation of the RRM 2 construct that confirmed previously described structural features. It also describes how models of RRM 3 and RRM 2-3 constructs were designed due to the constraints of obtaining respective crystals. The latter chapters contain NMR chemical shift perturbation experiments that identified the RNA Recognition Motifs (RRM) 2 and 3 of PABP1 as the main contact interface with the Pdcd4 protein. These chapters also showed successful generation of isotopically labeled individual RRM 2 and RRM 3 and tandem RRM 2-3 constructs that enabled sequence-specific backbone assignments to be obtained using triple resonance NMR experiments. This allowed for structural characterisation of the RRM2-3 region and identification of specific residues (primarily the β strands and linker region between RRM 2 and RRM 3) that are believed to form part of the Pdcd4 binding site. Analogous experiments suggest the RNA Binding Region (RBD) and middle MA3 domains of Pdcd4 contain the main PABP1 binding sites. The stoichiometry of the complex suggests a 1:1 transient interaction in solution with a Kd value in the low micromolar region.
Generalized Maxwell Equations and Their Solutions
Creators: name: Kruglov, S. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The generalized Maxwell equations are considered which include an additional gradient term. Such equations describe massless particles possessing spins one and zero. We find and investigate the matrix formulation of the first order of equations under consideration. All the linearly independent solutions of the equations for a free particle are obtained in terms of the projection matrix-dyads (density matrices).
description: 11 pages, LaTeX, submitted to Annales de la Fondation Louis de Broglie
Additional file 1 of Risk factors for cranial cruciate ligament rupture in dogs participating in canine agility
Creators: name: Sellon, Debra C.
name: Marcellin-Little, Denis J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.
Impact of ICT-based Market Information Service Projects on Smallholder Farm Input Use and Productivity in Kenya
Creators: name: Ochieng’, Sylvester O.
name: Okello, Julius J.
name: Otieno, David J.
name: Ochieng’, Sylvester O.
name: Okello, Julius J.
name: Otieno, David J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Impact evaluation
subject: Market information
subject: propensity-score matching
subject: smallholder farmers
subject: productivity

description: Information asymmetry has traditionally constrained smallholder farmers’ access to markets. Past studies indicate that it contributes to low adoption of modern agricultural technologies that have the capacity to enhance the productivity of smallholder farms. Low use of inputs results in low farm productivity, which curtails the transformation from subsistence to commercial agriculture, hence perpetuating the detention of smallholder farmers in the low equilibrium poverty trap. The desire to improve farmers’ access to markets has seen the emergence of a number of projects that employ Information and Communication Technology (ICT) tools in the provision of market information. However, little is known about the effects of such projects on smallholder agriculture, particularly in developing countries. The present study evaluates the impact of participation in an ICT-based market information service (MIS) project on farm input use (e.g. fertilizer, purchased seed, purchased manure, pesticides, labour etc.), labour and land productivity in Kenya. It employs propensity score-matching technique on cross-sectional data of 375 farmers from Bungoma, Kirinyaga and Migori counties in Kenya. The study finds that participation in an ICT-based MIS project has a positive and significant impact on the quantity of seeds and fertilizers used and improves land and labour productivity. Specifically, participants in an ICT-based project spent between Kshs 282.45 and 359.21 and Kshs 952.67 and 1035.10 more than non-participants on purchased seed and fertilizer per acre, respectively. Additionally, participants in the ICTbased MIS project have relatively higher land productivity (between Kshs 7,007.14 and 8,605.84) per acre than non-participants. Participation in an ICT-based MIS project also increases labour productivity by between Kshs 367.46 and Kshs 406.95 per acre. However, participation in an ICT-based MIS project has a negative and significant impact on the use hired, family and total labour. Participants in the ICT-based project use less labour by between 6.10 and 6.46, 7.95 and 13.49, and 15.68 and 21.96 man-days per acre for hired, family and total labour, respectively. The study discusses the implications of these findings for policy.
XUV+IR photoionization of argon atoms: selection of sideband orders
Creators: name: Della Picca, Renata
name: Gramajo, Ana Alicia
name: López, Sebastián
name: Arbó, Diego G
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical study of atomic ionization due to an XUV pulse in the presence of an infrared laser. Within the strong field approximation and considering the periodicity and symmetry of the transition matrix we show that the photoelectron spectrum can be described from the contribution during only one (or half) infrared cycle. These symmetry and periodicity properties impress selection rules which destructively cancel certain sideband orders favoring others. In particular, we analyze the photoionization of Argon in four geometrical arrangements of the polarization vector and the photoelectron momentum direction.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures and 1 table. XXXI ICPEAC 2019
Mindfulness: An Investigation as to the Relationship with Emotional Reactivity
Creators: name: Chatwiboon Peijsel
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2019
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Mindfulness has demonstrated its benefits in being able to enrich human mental health through its negative association with negative emotion and positive with positive emotion. Yet, it is necessary to improve the quality of the measurements employed in studying mindfulness and its relationship with emotion due to the traditional subjective mindfulness scales demonstrating substantial drawbacks. Such drawbacks involve the understanding of Westerners in mindfulness being rooted in Buddhism, an eastern religion. Consequently, the concept held as to mindfulness is diverse and related to the background of the western scale developers. Additionally, respondents differ in their interpretation of items within mindfulness scales due to their background and understanding of mindfulness. Thus, an objective measure of mindfulness and emotion is needed to improve the robustness of such investigation. The main purpose of this thesis is therefore to explore the association between mindfulness and emotional reactivity as assessed via subjective and objective scales. Two surveys undertaken with US and Thai samples have been performed to explore the general association between trait mindfulness, cognitive emotion regulation and emotional states (anxiety and depression). Moreover, three laboratory studies have been conducted in the UK and Thailand to investigate the relationship between mindfulness and emotional reactivity as elicited by affective stimuli (pictures, non-intense video and sound clips and intense video clips). The main findings demonstrate a significant association between mindfulness and emotional reactivity, with this varying upon the dimension of mindfulness and emotional reactivity explored. Here, it has been found that the present self-awareness facet is negatively associated with emotional reactivity induced by non-intense stimuli, but positively associated with emotional reactivity induced by stressful affective stimuli. The decentering facet has been found to have a meaningful negative association with negative emotion but that it enriches positive emotion. Mindful attention awareness has been found to have a negative association with emotional reactivity induced by non-stressful affective stimuli. Moreover, cognitive emotion regulation mediates the association between mindfulness and emotional reactivity. Mind wandering, as might be involved with the maladaptive emotion regulation strategy, has a positive association with negative emotion. Overall, the results contribute to expanding upon the understanding held as to the relationship between mindfulness and emotional reactivity and could imply how these elements can be used to improve mental health.
Scopogonalia altmanni Cavichioli 1986
Creators: name: Leal, Afonso Henrique
name: Creão-Duarte, Antonio José
name: Mejdalani, Gabriel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Scopogonalia
Scopogonalia altmanni

description: Scopogonalia altmanni Cavichioli, 1986    Material examined
 One male and one female: ‘ ARGENTINA: Salta Prov.,\ 10 km N Rosario de la Frontera \ Km 1436 rt. 9, 814m \ S 25º42.546 ʹ W 064º56.623 ʹ \ D. M. Takiya 20.i.2008 sweep’ (DZRJ). Male also with label: ‘ Scopogonalia \ altmani [sic]\ Cavichioli\ D M TAKIYA det. 2007’.    Comment
 Scopogonalia altmanni had been previously recorded from Paraná state, south Brazil (Cavichioli 1986). With the new record, the distribution of the species is expanded towards northwest Argentina, being the first record of the species out of Brazil.
description: Published as part of Leal, Afonso Henrique, Creão-Duarte, Antonio José & Mejdalani, Gabriel, 2016, Taxonomic review of Scopogonalia Young, 1977 (Insecta: Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Cicadellini) with description of six new species, pp. 1513-1542 in Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) (J. Nat. Hist.) 50 (23) on page 1529, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2016.1166530, http://zenodo.org/record/5206525
On the formation of three-dimensional flows over finite-aspect-ratio wings under tip effects
Creators: name: Zhang, Kai
name: Hayostek, Shelby
name: Amitay, Michael
name: He, Wei
name: Theofilis, Vassilios
name: Taira, Kunihiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform DNS of flow over finite-aspect-ratio NACA 0015 wings to characterize the tip effects on the wake dynamics. This study focuses on the development of three-dimensional separated flow over the wing, and discuss flow structures formed on the wing surface as well as in the far field wake. Vorticity is introduced into the flow in a predominantly two-dimensional manner. The vortex sheet from the wing tip rolls up around the free end to form the tip vortex. At its inception, the tip vortex is weak and its effect is spatially confined. As the flow around the tip separates, the tip effects extend farther in the spanwise direction, generating noticeable three dimensionality in the wake. For low-aspect-ratio wings, the wake remains stable due to the strong downwash over the entire span. Increasing the aspect ratio allows unsteady vortical flow to emerge away from the tip at sufficiently high angles of attack. These unsteady vortices shed and form closed vortical loops. For higher-aspect-ratio wings, the tip effects retard the near-tip shedding process, which desynchronizes from the two-dimensional shedding over the mid-span region, yielding vortex dislocation. At high angles of attack, the tip vortex exhibits noticeable undulations due to the strong interaction with the unsteady shedding vortices. The spanwise distribution of force coefficients is related to the three-dimensional wake dynamics and the tip effects. Vortical elements in the wake that are responsible for the generation of lift and drag forces are identified through the force element analysis. We note that at high angles of attack, a stationary vortical structure forms at the leading edge near the tip, giving rise to locally high lift and drag forces. The analysis performed here reveals how the vortical flow around the tip influences the separation physics, the global wake dynamics, and the spanwise force distributions.
Second quantized Frobenius algebras
Creators: name: Kaufmann, Ralph M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that given a Frobenius algebra there is a unique notion of its second quantization, which is the sum over all symmetric group quotients of n--th tensor powers, where the quotients are given by symmetric group twisted Frobenius algebras. To this end, we consider the setting of Frobenius algebras given by functors from geometric categories whose objects are endowed with geometric group actions and prove structural results, which in turn yield a constructive realization in the case of n--th tensor powers and the natural permutation action. We also show that naturally graded symmetric group twisted Frobenius algebras have a unique algebra structure already determined by their underlying additive data together with a choice of super--grading. Furthermore we discuss several notions of discrete torsion andshow that indeed a non--trivial discrete torsion leads to a non--trivial super structure on the second quantization.
description: 39p. Latex. New version fixes sign mistake and includes the full description of discrete torsion
Additional file 2 of Risk factors for cranial cruciate ligament rupture in dogs participating in canine agility
Creators: name: Sellon, Debra C.
name: Marcellin-Little, Denis J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2.
Airborne Mapping Of The 3-Dimensional Structure Of Urban Boundary Layers
Creators: name: White, Jordan A.
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2019
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The burden of poor air quality is a major public health issue, reducing life expectancy by contributing to the development of a number of diseases, and as such results in costs to the economy, healthcare and reduces quality of life. There remains vast uncertainties in Earth systems models, partly because of insufficient observation data. Ground-based observation networks are sparse, and satellite data has insufficient spatial resolution to represent intra-urban variability. Insufficient measurement of a problem inevitably leads to improper management. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is an air pollutant dominantly sourced from fuel combustion (e.g. road transport) and often reaches deleterious concentrations in cities across the world. This thesis represents the scientific progress and status of the Compact Air Quality Spectrometer (CompAQS) concept. The CompAQS concept seeks to produce tropospheric NO2 column densities at 1x1 km ground resolution for urban areas from a low-Earth orbit satellite platform. Successful airborne demonstrations with a breadboard level model (Airborne Nitrogen Dioxide Imager) allowed the concept to be further progressed with a new instrument build CompAQS Space Technology (CompAQS-ST). CompAQS-ST was the culmination of lessons learnt and foresight of the potential future opportunities the CompAQS concept could bring. CompAQS-ST was built and optically aligned at the University of Leicester, providing the opportunity for the performance to be thoroughly tested to ensure the scientific objectives would be met. Flight plans were developed for an aerial survey to best demonstrate the surge in performance gained by the CompAQS-ST spectrometer. The CompAQS-ST airborne demonstration took place in February 2018, successfully retrieving tropospheric NO2 over cities and rural areas. The unique dataset achieved a ground resolution of 70x70 m2, provided insight in to the high levels of variability in NO2 concentrations down to street level, and highlighted the effects of meteorology on the distribution of NO2 for a snapshot in time.
Three new unsaturated fatty acids from marine-derived fungus Aspergillus sp. SCAU150
Creators: name: Zhao, Ting
name: Zhang, Xiao-Yong
name: Deng, Ran-Sha
name: Tan, Zhen
name: Chen, Guang-Ying
name: Nong, Xu-Hua
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Four unsaturated fatty acid derivatives including three new pantheric acids (1–3), together with three known polyketides (5–7), were isolated from a culture broth of the marine-derived fungus Aspergillus sp. SCAU150. Their complete structures were determined by NMR and HRESIMS data analyses. The antifungal activity of the isolated compounds above was evaluated and 2 was found to show moderated activity toward the phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium solani bio-80814 with an inhibition zone diameter of 6 mm under 5 µg/disc.
Additional file 10 of Genome-wide profiling of G protein-coupled receptors in cerebellar granule neurons using high-throughput, real-time PCR
Creators: name: Maurel, Benjamin
name: Digarcher, Anne Le
name: Dantec, Christelle
name: Journot, Laurent
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 10: Distribution of the Ct values of replicated PCR experiment using Gcgr primers. A pdf file showing the distribution of the Ct values obtained in 64-replicate RT-PCR experiments with Gcgr primers. (PDF 29 KB)
Additional file 11 of Genome-wide profiling of G protein-coupled receptors in cerebellar granule neurons using high-throughput, real-time PCR
Creators: name: Maurel, Benjamin
name: Digarcher, Anne Le
name: Dantec, Christelle
name: Journot, Laurent
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 11: Distribution of the Ct values of replicated PCR experiment using Adcyap1r1 primers. A pdf file showing the distribution of the Ct values obtained in 64-replicate RT-PCR experiments with Adcyap1r1 primers. (PDF 37 KB)
title: Should Students Falling Behind in School Take Dual Enrollment Courses?
Creators: name: Lee, Han Bum
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: policy brief
subject: dual enrollment

description: This study examines the effect of dual enrollment (DE) on college enrollment and degree completion for less academically prepared students who attended public high schools in Texas. We employ a propensity score matching method to reduce selection bias from DE participation and supplement the analysis with a bounds test. The results show that DE students were predicted to have a higher likelihood of entering college immediately after high school and completing a degree within four and eight years of high school graduation, compared to similar students who did not take DE courses. This evidence suggests that that DE programs contributed to a reduction in educational inequities in college access and degree attainment for students at risk of academic failure. On the other hand, students who were racial or ethnic minorities and students from low-income families were not only less likely to participate in DE programs but were also predicted to have smaller participation effects on college degree attainment than their counterparts, stressing the need for higher education institutions and partnering school districts to provide more robust support to these underserved students for participating in DE programs and making a successful transition into college.
Signals of Axion Like Dark Matter in Time Dependent Polarization of Light
Creators: name: Chigusa, So
name: Moroi, Takeo
name: Nakayama, Kazunori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the search for axion-like particles (ALPs) by using time series data of the polarization angle of the light. If the condensation of an ALP plays the role of dark matter, the polarization plane of the light oscillates as a function of time and we may be able to detect the signal of the ALP by continuously observing the polarization. In particular, we discuss that the analysis of the Fourier-transformed data of the time-dependent polarization angle is powerful to find the signal of the ALP dark matter. We pay particular attention to the light coming from astrophysical sources such as protoplanetary disks, supernova remnants, the foreground emission of the cosmic microwave background, and so on. We show that, for the ALP mass of $\sim 10^{-22}$--$10^{-19}\ {\rm eV}$, ALP searches in the Fourier space may reach the parameter region which is unexplored by other searches yet.
description: 18 pages, 2 figures
Kahler surfaces of finite volume and Seiberg-Witten equations
Creators: name: Rollin, Yann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let M=P(E) be a ruled surface. We introduce metrics of finite volume on M whose singularities are parametrized by a parabolic structure over E. Then, we generalise results of Burns--de Bartolomeis and LeBrun, by showing that the existence of a singular Kahler metric of finite volume and constant non positive scalar curvature on M is equivalent to the parabolic polystability of E; moreover these metrics all come from finite volume quotients of $H^2 \times CP^1$. In order to prove the theorem, we must produce a solution of Seiberg-Witten equations for a singular metric g. We use orbifold compactifications $\overline M$ on which we approximate g by a sequence of smooth metrics; the desired solution for g is obtained as the limit of a sequence of Seiberg-Witten solutions for these smooth metrics.
description: 42 pages, 1 figure
Effect of Proteinuria on Cellular Expression of the Cubilin-Amnionless CUBAM Endocytic Complex
Creators: name: Nura F. Benfaed
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2019
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Albumin is protein filtered by the glomerulus and subsequently reabsorbed in the proximal tubule. Reabsorption is mediated at least in part by cubilin-amnionless (cubam) endocytic receptor complex. Proteinuria is an important renal biomarker correlated with the poor prognosis of the kidney disease. However, expression of the cubam complex is not well studied in disease. These studies aimed to investigate the expression and turnover of the cubam complex in proteinuria and the effect of matrix metalloproteinase inhibition on the expression of the cubam complex.In a mouse model of protein overload proteinuria, cubam complex was significantly reduced in the proximal tubule associated with a rise of urinary shedding of both cubilin and amnionless. An increase in renal matrix metalloprotease activity in proteinuria accompanies the urinary loss of these receptors. Furthermore, matrix metalloprotease inhibition (MMPI) treatment has an antiproteinuric effect by reducing urinary proteins excretion in proteinuric animals. Similarly, MMPI ameliorated cubam endocytic complex shedding in the urine. In addition, the studies investigated the degree of tubulointerstitial injury in experimental animals finding an increase in renal proinflammatory cytokines, inflammatory cell infiltration, collagen and apoptosis in proteinuria reversed by MMPI. Moreover, cubam complex expression was significantly downregulated in the proximal tubules of the patients with minimal change disease (MCD), membranous nephropathy (MN) and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), consistent with the findings in the mouse models.In conclusion, this indicates a renoprotective action of MMPI in proteinuric nephropathies. This may have important clinical implications in the therapeutic approach to proteinuria.
A Search for Spatially Resolved Infrared Ro-Vibrational Molecular Hydrogen Emission from the Disks of Young Stars
Creators: name: Beck, Tracy L.
name: Bary, Jeffrey S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from a survey searching for spatially resolved near-infrared line emission from molecular hydrogen gas in the circumstellar environments of nine young stars: AA Tau, AB Aur, DoAr 21, GG Tau, GM Aur, LkCa 15, LkH$α$ 264, UY Aur, and V773 Tau. Prior high-resolution spectra of these stars showed the presence of ro-vibrational H$_2$ line emission at 2.12$μ$m with characteristics more typical of gas located in proto-planetary disks rather than outflows. In this study, we spatially resolve the H$_2$ emission in the eight stars where it is detected. LkCa 15 is the only target that exhibits no appreciable H$_2$ despite a prior detection. We find an anti-correlation between H$_2$ and X-ray luminosities, likely indicating that the X-ray ionization process is not the dominant H$_2$ excitation mechanism in these systems. AA Tau, UY Aur, and V773 Tau show discrete knots of H$_2$, as typically associated with shocks in outflowing gas. UY Aur and V773 Tau exhibit spatially resolved velocity structures, while the other systems have spectrally unresolved emission consistent with systemic velocities. V773 Tau exhibits a complex line morphology indicating the presence of multiple excitation mechanisms, including red and blue-shifted bipolar knots of shock-excited outflowing gas. AB Aur, GM Aur, and LkH$α$ 264 have centralized, yet spatially resolved H$_2$ emission consistent with a disk origin. The H$_2$ images of AB Aur reveal spiral structures within the disk, matching those observed in ALMA CO maps. This survey reveals new insights into the structure and excitation of warm gas in the circumstellar environments of these young stars.
description: 39 pages, 20 figures. Accepted for Publication in the ApJ
Unique representation bases for the integers
Creators: name: Nathanson, Melvyn B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11B13; 11B34; 11B05

description: Arbitrarily sparse sets A of integers are constructed with the property that every integer can be represented uniquely in the form n = a + a', where a and a' belong to the set A and a < a' or a = a'. Some related open problems are stated.
description: 10 pages
Bending of light in the Universe filled with quintessential dark energy
Creators: name: Saadati, R.
name: Shojai, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a local effect of dynamical dark energy, bending of light in the presence of a spherically symmetric and static black hole surrounded by quintessence has been studied. Having in mind recent observational data, we have treated the problem as a deviation from Kottler space-time. This deviation is measured by a perturbation parameter $\varepsilon$ included in the equation of state parameter of quintessence as $ω_q=-1+\frac{1}{3}\varepsilon$. Here, the deflection angle is calculated and then the result is compared with \cite{Arakida:2011th} in the limit $\varepsilon\rightarrow 0$ where the quintessence behaves like the cosmological constant. It is shown that unlike the cosmological constant, the effect of quintessence on the photon energy equation can not be absorbed into the definition of impact parameter. Moreover in this paper, we generalize the Kiselev black hole to the case that there is a modified Chaplygin gas as the dark energy component of the universe and show that the resulted metric can be reduced to the Kiselev metric by adjusting some arbitrary parameters.
description: 14 pages, Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Factors Influencing the Purchase Decision for Milk Labelled rBST-free and Organic
Creators: name: McGarry Wolf, Marianne
name: Butler, Leslie J.
name: Martin, Adam J.
name: Foltz, Jeremy D.
name: McGarry Wolf, Marianne
name: Butler, Leslie J.
name: Martin, Adam J.
name: Foltz, Jeremy D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This research uses survey research to identify the demographics and attributes of milk that affect the purchase decision. The attributes of milk that drive purchase interest are fresh tasting, safe, high in quality, healthy, high in nutrition, :flavorful, a good value for the money, and reasonably priced. The attributes that are the focus of the labels tested by this study are only slightly to somewhat desirable to the general milk-purchasing population while price and brand are somewhat desirable. Demographics are related to milk purchasing behavior. There is a niche group of consumers that purchases organic milk regularly.
The Effect of Grain Prices on the U.S. Catfish Industry: Implications of U.S. Ethanol Production
Creators: name: Zheng, Hualu
name: Muhammad, Andrew
name: Herndon, C.W.
name: Zheng, Hualu
name: Muhammad, Andrew
name: Herndon, C.W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: Agribusiness
Demand and Price Analysis

description: This study estimates the relationship between catfish feed prices (per-unit cost) and relevant economic factors such as the price of farm-raised catfish, farm inputs, and feed ingredients, which include com, soybean meal, cottonseed meal and wheat middling. Given changes in these economic factors it was assumed that the responsiveness of feed cost not instantaneous, and a partial-adjustment model was used in estimation. Results show that a one-percent increase in com prices will cause a 0.062-percent increase in catfish feed cost in the short run and a 0.16-percent increase in the long run. A one-percent increase in soybean meal prices results in a 0.125 percent and 0.322 percent increase in catfish feed cost in the short run and long run, respectively.
${\cal N}=(1,0)$ Anomaly Multiplet Relations in Six Dimensions
Creators: name: Cordova, Clay
name: Dumitrescu, Thomas T.
name: Intriligator, Kenneth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider conformal and 't Hooft anomalies in six-dimensional ${\cal N}=(1,0)$ superconformal field theories, focusing on those conformal anomalies that determine the two- and three-point functions of conserved flavor and $SU(2)_R$ currents, as well as stress tensors. By analyzing these correlators in superspace, we explain why the number of independent conformal anomalies is reduced in supersymmetric theories. For instance, non-supersymmetric CFTs in six dimensions have three independent conformal $c$-anomalies, which determine the stress-tensor two- and three-point functions, but in superconformal theories the three $c$-anomalies are subject to a linear constraint. We also describe anomaly multiplet relations, which express the conformal anomalies of a superconformal theory in terms of its 't Hooft anomalies. Following earlier work on the conformal $a$-anomaly, we argue for these relations by considering the supersymmetric dilaton effective action on the tensor branch of such a theory. We illustrate the utility of these anomaly multiplet relations by presenting exact results for conformal anomalies, and hence current and stress-tensor correlators, in several interacting examples.
description: 41 pages
Farmers’ Willingness to Pay for Index Based Crop Insurance in Pakistan: A Case Study on Food and Cash Crops of Rain-fed Areas
Creators: name: Ali, Akhter
name: Ali, Akhter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Cash crops
subject: food crops
subject: willingness to pay
subject: index based insurance
subject: rain-fed
subject: Pakistan

description: In Pakistan, agriculture is vulnerable to multiple risks, especially in the rain-fed areas. The crop insurance can serve as a useful tool to manage risks in the rain-fed areas of Pakistan. This study has assessed farmers’ willingness to pay for insurance in the rain-fed areas of Pakistan by conducting a survey of 531 farmers in the Soon valley and Talagang areas of Pakistan. The farmers’ willingness to pay for the index based crop insurance has been studied by employing the different econometric models. It has been found that these rain-fed areas consider indexed based insurance to be an important risk management strategy. The empirical results have indicated that farmers’ economic status, household assets and membership of community organization are the important determinants of their willingness to pay a higher insurance premium. The propensity score matching results have revealed that farmers were satisfied with index based insurance and were also willing to increase the area under food as well as cash crops. This study has suggested that to make agricultural insurance scheme more successful, the government should provide subsidy which will help in increasing the area under food and cash crops and shall ensure food security in the region.
Symmetric functions and the phase problem in crystallography
Creators: name: Buhler, Joe
name: Reichstein, Zinovy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05E05, 13A50, 13P99, 20C10

description: The calculation of crystal structure from X-ray diffraction data requires that the phases of the ``structure factors'' (Fourier coefficients) determined by scattering be deduced from the absolute values of those structure factors. Motivated by a question of Herbert Hauptman, we consider the problem of determining phases by direct algebraic means in the case of crystal structures with $n$ equal atoms in the unit cell, with $n$ small. We rephrase the problem as a question about multiplicative invariants for a particular finite group action. We show that the absolute values form a generating set for the field of invariants of this action, and consider the problem of making this theorem constructive and practical; the most promising approach for deriving explicit formulas uses SAGBI bases.
description: 28 pages, to appear in Transactions AMS
Additional file 1 of Understanding bias when estimating life expectancy from age at death: a simulation approach applied to Morquio syndrome A
Creators: name: Yin, Xue
name: Ahn, Jaeil
name: Boca, Simina M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary information to “Understanding bias when estimating life expectancy from age at death: A simulation approach applied to Morquio Syndrome A”.
HII versus HI in the `green valley' galaxies: direct comparison
Creators: name: Bryukhareva, Tatiana
name: Moiseev, Alexei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the morphology and kinematics of the ionization state of the gas in four 'green valley' early-type galaxies at different stages of their transition from a 'blue cloud' of star-forming galaxies to the sequence of passive evolution. The previous HI mapping of the considered sample reveals a spatial offset between the cold gas reservoirs and stellar discs depending on the post-starburst age. Consideration of the ionized-gas properties is essential to understand the role of various feedback processes in star formation quenching. We performed long-slit and 3D optical spectroscopic observations at the 6-m Russian telescope and compared the gas and stellar kinematics. Spatial distribution of the ionized gas is in agreement with HI maps; however, the one-order higher angular resolution in the HII velocity fields allows us to study non-circular gas motions in detail, like the AGN-driven outflow in the nucleus of J1117+51. The most intriguing result is the global HI+HII gas counter-rotation relative to the stellar disc in J1237+39. Therefore, in this case all the observed gas in the 'green valley' galaxy was captured from the environment via accretion or minor merging.
description: 10 pages, re-submitted to MNRAS after revision
Additional file 12 of Genome-wide profiling of G protein-coupled receptors in cerebellar granule neurons using high-throughput, real-time PCR
Creators: name: Maurel, Benjamin
name: Digarcher, Anne Le
name: Dantec, Christelle
name: Journot, Laurent
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 12: Distribution of the Ct values of replicated PCR experiment using Casr primers. A pdf file showing the distribution of the Ct values obtained in 64-replicate RT-PCR experiments with Casr primers. (PDF 33 KB)
Heavy quark production at HERA with BFKL and CCFM dynamics
Creators: name: Baranov, S. P.
name: Jung, H.
name: Jönsson, L.
name: Padhi, S.
name: Zotov, N. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of the semi-hard ($k_t-$factorization) approach, we analyze the various charm production processes in the kinematic region covered by the HERA experiments
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, The contribution to Proceedings of the XXXII Inter. Symposium on Multipaticle Dynamics (Sept. 7-13, 2002, Alushta, Crimea)
Equivariant stable categories for incomplete systems of transfers
Creators: name: Blumberg, Andrew J.
name: Hill, Michael A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we construct incomplete versions of the equivariant stable category; i.e., equivariant stabilization of the category of $G$-spaces with respect to incomplete systems of transfers encoded by an $N_\infty$ operad $\mathcal{O}$. These categories are built from the categories of $\mathcal{O}$-algebras in $G$-spaces. Using this operadic formulation, we establish incomplete versions of the usual structural properties of the equivariant stable category, notably the tom Dieck splitting. Our work is motivated in part by the examples arising from the equivariant units and Picard space functors.
Additional file 13 of Genome-wide profiling of G protein-coupled receptors in cerebellar granule neurons using high-throughput, real-time PCR
Creators: name: Maurel, Benjamin
name: Digarcher, Anne Le
name: Dantec, Christelle
name: Journot, Laurent
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 13: Distribution of the Ct values of replicated PCR experiment using Fzd4 primers. A pdf file showing the distribution of the Ct values obtained in 64-replicate RT-PCR experiments with Fzd4 primers. (PDF 36 KB)
Migratory patterns of people in four settlements in Lincolnshire 1851-1901
Creators: name: Caine, Jill P.
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2019
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Migration in England and Wales during the nineteenth-century has been much studied in the past century. In the mid-1880s E.G. Ravenstein analysed the 1881 census reports relating to the migration of people from rural to urban environments, because there was concern that people were leaving agricultural employment in order to settle in towns and cities, thus causing food production to be at risk. Ravenstein put his research into a paper entitled “the laws of migration”, and they have been the basis for many migration research projects since that time. This thesis examines migration from a micro-history standpoint, thus four small settlements situated within a few miles of each other were selected for research. The years covered were from 1851 to 1901 and used the census enumerators’ books, civil records of births, marriages and deaths, trade directories, and newspaper articles, to trace the migratory journeys of the males from those settlements. The research was placed against the events that were happening nationwide. The transport systems were explored; the industrial advances that were taking place in the mill towns and factories were looked at; the presence of kith and kin in receiving towns and cities were examined, together with the provision of schools; and finally, the males reactions to the Agricultural Depression of the late nineteenth century were analysed. This ensured that a micro-historical, or “total history” approach was used to highlight the movements of the males, and their motivations for either staying in or leaving the settlements. This approach revealed that when migration was researched countrywide, the detail of the many small migrations was obscured. It was found that most males did not migrate to the towns and cities but made short circular moves locally. The thesis closed with an examination of the settlements in the twenty-first century.