cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Resolving problems associated with cell-culture adaptation of influenza A(H3N2) viruses
Creators: name: Brown, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: Vaccination is the most effective public health intervention for preventing infection with seasonal influenza. However, due to the rapid mutation of influenza viruses circulating in the human population, vaccines must be regularly reformulated to keep pace with emerging antigenic variants. Failure to accurately determine which variants will be responsible for the majority of infections in the upcoming flu season results in reduced vaccine effectiveness and increased disease burden. Serological assays such as the haemagglutination inhibition (HAI) assay are used to determine the antigenic relationships between circulating influenza viruses and are central to selection of representative strains for the vaccine. The HAI assay relies on binding and agglutination of red blood cells (RBC) by the viral haemagglutinin (HA). However, modern influenza A(H3N2) isolates exhibit poor HA-mediated agglutination and the ability to agglutinate RBC through their neuraminidase (NA) surface protein making them problematic to characterise. Here the NA-mediated binding phenotype is confirmed to not occur in H3N2 clinical isolates but arises during passage of isolates in cell culture. Using a reverse genetics model of an H3N2 isolate (3C.2a subclade), A/Sydney/71/2014, mutations T148I/K and/or D151G associated with NA-mediated binding arose spontaneously during passage in MDCK as well as MDCK-SIAT1 cell culture. NA-mediated binding variants were detected in a wider panel of cell-passaged H3N2 isolates by next-generation sequencing and a single passage in a human airway epithelial (HAE) cell line, was sufficient to remove these variants in the majority of passage replicates (54%, n=24). Removal of artefactual NA-mediated binding is likely due to HAE cells presenting a subset of receptors which modern H3N2 viruses use but which are poorly represented on current culture cells. Here modification of cellular receptors is explored as a means to match environmental evolution of H3N2 receptor binding properties and avoid cell passage adaptations which threaten accurate H3N2 antigenic characterisation.
Can Streamer Blobs prevent the Buildup of the Interplanetetary Magnetic Field?
Creators: name: van Aalst, M. K.
name: Martens, P. C. H.
name: Beliën, A. J. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coronal Mass Ejections continuously drag closed magnetic field lines away from the Sun, adding new flux to the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF). We propose that the outward-moving blobs that have been observed in helmet streamers are evidence of ongoing, small-scale reconnection in streamer current sheets, which may play an important role in the prevention of an indefinite buildup of the IMF. Reconnection between two open field lines from both sides of a streamer current sheet creates a new closed field line, which becomes part of the helmet, and a disconnected field line, which moves outward. The blobs are formed by plasma from the streamer that is swept up in the trough of the outward moving field line. We show that this mechanism is supported by observations from SOHO/LASCO. Additionally, we propose a thorough statistical study to quantify the contribution of blob formation to the reduction of the IMF, and indicate how this mechanism may be verified by observations with SOHO/UVCS and the proposed NASA STEREO and ESA Polar Orbiter missions.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures; accepted by The Astrophysical Journal Letters; uses AASTex
Non-stabilizerness and entanglement from cat-state injection
Creators: name: Peres, Filipa C. R.
name: Wagner, Rafael
name: Galvão, Ernesto F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, cat states have been used to heuristically improve the runtime of a classical simulator of quantum circuits based on the diagrammatic ZX-calculus. Here we investigate the use of cat-state injection within the quantum circuit model. We explore a family of cat states, $\left| \mathrm{cat}_m^* \right>$, and describe circuit gadgets using them to concurrently inject non-stabilizerness (also known as magic) and entanglement into any quantum circuit. We provide numerical evidence that cat-state injection does not lead to speed-up in classical simulation. On the other hand, we show that our gadgets can be used to widen the scope of compelling applications of cat states. Specifically, we show how to leverage them to achieve savings in the number of injected qubits, and also to induce scrambling dynamics in otherwise non-entangling Clifford circuits in a controlled manner.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures
Generalized Quantum Geometric Tensor in a Non-Hermitian Exciton-Polariton System
Creators: name: Hu, Y. -M. Robin
name: Ostrovskaya, Elena A.
name: Estrecho, Eliezer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we review different generalizations of the quantum geometric tensor (QGT) in two-band non-Hermitian systems and propose a protocol for measuring them in experiments. We present the generalized QGT components, i.e. the quantum metric and Berry curvature, for a non-Hermitian hybrid photonic (exciton-polariton) system and show that the generalized non-Hermitian QGT can be constructed from experimental observables. In particular, we extend the existing method of measuring the QGT that uses the pseudospins in photonic and exciton-polariton systems by suggesting a method to construct the left eigenstates from experiments. We also show that the QGT components have clear signatures in wave-packet dynamics, where the anomalous Hall drift arises from both the non-Hermitian Berry curvature and Berry connection, suggesting that both left and right eigenstates are necessary for defining non-Hermitian band geometries and topologies.
description: 30 pages, 11 figures
The form and interpretation of the decoherence functional
Creators: name: Wilkes, Henry Luka
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: In this thesis we will explore the development of a realist quantum theory based on the decoherence functional using the co-event interpretation of Quantum Measure Theory. The Sum-Over-Histories theory of quantum mechanics will provide the bedding for a Hilbert-space-free stochastic-like theory that can accommodate spacetime-like objects, and can therefore be applied to quantum gravity and cosmology, as well as give an alternative perspective on quantum phenomena. The primitive objects of the theory are histories, which give different accounts of a system’s evolution, and the decoherence functional, which sums the quantum interference between these histories. Quantum Measure Theory and Generalised Quantum Mechanics (a theory close to Decoherent Histories) then give alternative interpretations of the decoherence functional’s relation to reality. In these theories, the decoherence functional is mathematically constrained in analogue to probability measures. However, one of the conditions, called weak positivity, can be lost under composition of isolated systems. We will extend this composition argument to take the case for a stronger condition of strong positivity for decoherence functionals. The bulk of the report will then focus on the co-event interpretation of Quantum Measure Theory, where co-events give full accounts of which events do or do not occur for a given system. The quantum nature of reality is expressed through the breaking of classical logic within these co-event descriptions. We will focus on evolving co-event schemes, which dynamically construct co-events to describe the reality of an evolving system in tandem with its progression. The evolving co-event schemes will be shown to reproduce classical logic when they are applied to classical systems. Moreover, similar to classical stochastic theory, these schemes will be shown to be invariant under the inclusion or exclusion of non-interfering histories. We will also explore a number of outstanding problems for these schemes, and will propose some potential modifications.
Fringilla angolensis Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Fringillidae
Fringilla
Fringilla angolensis

description: Fringilla angolensis [spec. nov.]
F. dorso fusco, abdomine caudaque caeruleis.
Fringilla ventre caeruleo. Edw. av. 131. t. 131.
Habitat in Angola & Africa.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 182, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Environmental Sustainability: Harmonizing Construction Mining Industry Practices with the Implementation of Green Consumption and Sustainable Building Materials in Bangalore, India
Creators: name: P, Rajendra
name: T, Mohanasundaram
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 350601
subject: Consumer behaviour
classificationCode: 350605
subject: Marketing management (incl. strategy and customer relations)
classificationCode: 380102
subject: Behavioural economics

description: his research delves into the imperative of sustainable building materials, spurred by the ecological fallout from traditionally mined construction methods that inflicted harm on our shared ecosystem. As the 21st century dawned, a heightened consciousness necessitated a paradigm shift toward innovative and sustainable construction approaches, particularly in the dynamic urban landscape of Bangalore, a tier I city. The crux lies in harnessing smart, renewable, and bio-based materials, endowed with the dual prowess of carbon reduction and absorption across their lifecycle. However, the journey towards eco-friendly construction encounters barriers, ranging from limited material understanding to standardization dilemmas, the entanglement of multiple decision-makers, fiscal demands, perceived risks, and the pervasive influence of societal dynamics. Within this maze, we examine the role of green consumption goals as an instrumental variable to overcome these obstacles. Employing a carefully constructed questionnaire, data originates from 289 respondents within the construction sector in Bangalore and judgement sampling technique is used. The data are analysed using chi-square, ANOVA, correlation analysis, multiple regression. The finds showed that 38% agreed that their building material purchase decisions were influenced by social groups, while only 15% believed their decisions were unaffected by social group influence. As per Duncan Multiple Range Tests (DMRT), age plays a role in shaping individuals' perspectives and preferences related to sustainable construction practices. In summation, this exploration vigorously advocates for the expeditious adoption of sustainable construction practices, spotlighting the salience of green consumerism as an indispensable agent of change. The narrative converges on the imperative for a recalibration towards intelligent, sustainable practices a trajectory indispensable for forging an environmentally fortified future.
title: ADCO, Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome I, Cart. 185 (11 H 70), f. 0305r
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi

description: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome I, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 185 (11 H 70), f. 0305r, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome I, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 185 (11 H 70), f. 0305r, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
Multi-Dimensional Evaluation of Text Summarization with In-Context Learning
Creators: name: Jain, Sameer
name: Keshava, Vaishakh
name: Sathyendra, Swarnashree Mysore
name: Fernandes, Patrick
name: Liu, Pengfei
name: Neubig, Graham
name: Zhou, Chunting
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Evaluation of natural language generation (NLG) is complex and multi-dimensional. Generated text can be evaluated for fluency, coherence, factuality, or any other dimensions of interest. Most frameworks that perform such multi-dimensional evaluation require training on large manually or synthetically generated datasets. In this paper, we study the efficacy of large language models as multi-dimensional evaluators using in-context learning, obviating the need for large training datasets. Our experiments show that in-context learning-based evaluators are competitive with learned evaluation frameworks for the task of text summarization, establishing state-of-the-art on dimensions such as relevance and factual consistency. We then analyze the effects of factors such as the selection and number of in-context examples on performance. Finally, we study the efficacy of in-context learning based evaluators in evaluating zero-shot summaries written by large language models such as GPT-3.
description: ACL Findings '23
Additional file 3: of Assessment of acute, 14-day, and 13-week repeated oral dose toxicity of Tiglium seed extract in rats
Creators: name: Jun-Won Yun
name: Euna Kwon
name: Yun-Soon Kim
name: Kim, Seung-Hyun
name: Ji-Ran You
name: Hyoung-Chin Kim
name: Park, Jin-Sung
name: Jeong-Hwan Che
name: Sang-Koo Lee
name: Ja-June Jang
name: Kim, Hyeon
name: Byeong-Cheol Kang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Organ weights of male and female F344 rats orally administered with Tiglium seed extract for 14Â days. (DOCX 30 kb)
The Orbital Period of HDE226868/Cyg X-1
Creators: name: LaSala, J.
name: Charles, P. A.
name: Smith, R. A. D.
name: Balucinska-Church, M.
name: Church, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present epoch 1996, high-quality radial velocity data for HDE 226868, the optical counterpart of Cygnus X-1. Combining our results with all published historical data, we have derived a new ephemeris for the system of HJD2450235.29 + n x 5.5998, which allows accurate orbital phase calculations to be made for any X-ray observations over the last 30 years. We find no evidence for any period change as has been suggested by Ninkov, Walker & Yang (1987). We discuss the shortcomings of previous work in establishing the period and orbital elements.
description: 4 pages, Latex, 2 ps figures
Emittance reduction with variable bending magnet strengths: Analytical optics considerations and application to the Compact Linear Collider damping ring design
Creators: name: Papadopoulou, S.
name: Antoniou, F.
name: Papaphilippou, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the main challenges of the lattice design of synchrotrons, used as light sources or damping rings (DRs), is the minimization of the emittance. The optimal lattice configurations for achieving the absolute minimum emittance are the theoretical minimum emittance (TME) cells. This paper elaborates the optimization strategy in order to further reduce the betatron emittance of a TME cell by using dipoles whose magnetic field varies longitudinally. Based on analytical results, the magnet design for the fabrication of variable bends with the optimal characteristics is discussed. In order to have a global understanding of all cell properties, an analytical approach for the theoretical minimum emittance (TME) cells with variable bends is elaborated. This approach is employed for the design optimization of the Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) DRs. The margin gained in the emittance including IBS based on this new design strategy enables the removal of a number of TME cells from the existing arcs while still keeping the requirements of the collider. The reduction of the circumference is further enhanced by the use of optimized high-field wigglers. The optimization strategy followed for the CLIC DRs is explained in detail and the output parameters of the new design are presented.
Testing lepton universality in penguin decays of beauty mesons using the LHCb detector
Creators: name: Humair, Thibaud
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: Lepton flavour universality is tested by measuring the ratio of branching fractions of B+ → K+μ+μ− and B+ → K+e+e− decays, RK. The measurement is performed in the di-lepton mass squared region 1.1 < q2 < 6.0 GeV2, using approximately 5 fb−1 of data collected with the LHCb detector between 2011 and 2016 at centre-of-mass energies of 7, 8 and 13 TeV. The value of RK is measured to be RK = 0.846 +0.060−0.054 (stat.) 0.016−0.014 (syst.), where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. This result is compatible with the Standard Model expectation at the level of 2.5 standard deviations. This analysis has an uncertainty 36% smaller than previous measurements of this quantity. The analysis is performed using B+ → K+J/ψ(μ+μ−) and B+ → K+J/ψ(e+e−) decays as control and normalisation channels. Innovative calibration techniques and cross-checks are employed. The cross-checks demonstrate that the electron detection efficiencies are well understood, and that the LHCb detector can be used to study precisely and reliably the decays of beauty mesons to final states with electrons.
Fringilla chinensis Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Fringillidae
Fringilla
Fringilla chinensis

description: Fringilla chinensis [spec. nov.]
F. ferruginea, capite atro, rostro caeruleo.
Passer chinensis. Alb. av. 2. p. 49. t. 53. f. 1. Edw. av. 43. t. 43.
Habitat in China.
Rostrum crassum fere Loxiae.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 183, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Lettre de Esprit-Claude-François Calvet à Jean-François Séguier, 1783-05-23
Creators: name: Calvet, Esprit-Claude-François
name: Esprit-Claude-François Calvet
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2021
Subjects: Librairie

description: [transcription] Monsieur et cher ami, un libraire de Nîmes fait annoncer il y a environ deux mois dans un de nos courriers qu'il livrerait les 7 volumes in 4°de l'Histoire de Nîmes de Ménard avec planches, au prix de 30 livres, je crois du moins que c'est effectivement ce prix-là, je viens vous prier de vouloir bien me faire cette acquisition; la seule petite faveur que je demande c'est qu'il me le livrera broché, en léger carton et couvert, de papier bleu, gris, comme il voudrait. Si ce livre était d'un prix plus haut que 30 livres ou que le marchand ne consentit pas à me le faire brocher à ses frais, je vous prie de ne pas le prendre. Je suppose d'ailleurs qu'il soit bien complet et qu'il n'y manque ni planche ni feuilles d'impression. Dès que vous aurez cet ouvrage, veuillez bien m'en donner avis tout de suite afin que je vous fasse parvenir sans retardement et sans frais les 30 livres que vous aurez avancées pour moi. à l'égard de l'envoi je vous prierai de garder ces volumes jusqu'à ce que je vous fournisse une commodité pour me les faire parvenir. Pardonnez moiles peines que je vais vous donner, vous savez que vous pouvez disposer de tout ce que je puis, et vous connaissez l'attachement vif et sincère avec lequel j'ail'honneur d'être, monsieur et cher ami,

Votre très humble et très obéissant serviteur,

Calvet.

Avignon, ce 23 mai1783.
description: [personnes citées] Léon Ménard
description: [reférence bibliographique citée] Ménard Léon, Histoire civile, ecclésiastique et littéraire de la ville de Nismes avec les preuves, Paris, H. D. Chaubert, 1744-1758.
description: Source: [lieu de Conservation] Nîmes, Bibliothèque Carré d'Art [cote]ms. 140, fol. 236
description: Source: ark:/12148/btv1b10015185m
Towards superresolution surface metrology: Quantum estimation of angular and axial separations
Creators: name: Napoli, Carmine
name: Piano, Samanta
name: Leach, Richard
name: Adesso, Gerardo
name: Tufarelli, Tommaso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the localization of two incoherent point sources with arbitrary angular and axial separations in the paraxial approximation. By using quantum metrology techniques, we show that a simultaneous estimation of the two separations is achievable by a single quantum measurement, with a precision saturating the ultimate limit stemming from the quantum Cramér-Rao bound. Such a precision is not degraded in the sub-wavelength regime, thus overcoming the traditional limitations of classical direct imaging derived from Rayleigh's criterion. Our results are qualitatively independent of the point spread function of the imaging system, and quantitatively illustrated in detail for the Gaussian instance. This analysis may have relevant applications in three-dimensional surface measurements.
description: 6+2 pages, 2 figures; new results for arbitrary point spread functions
Optical and structural characterisation of barium zirconate-titanate thin films
Creators: name: Rackham, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: Light emitting diodes (s LED s) operating in the C–spectrum ultraviolet region ( UV–C , wavelength 200 to 290nm ) are desirable for water sterilisation, but existing III–nitride materials are inefficient ( < 1% ) and difficult to manufacture. This thesis presents an investigation of perovskite oxides as an alternative wide band gap material for UV–C emission. Barium zirconate–titanate, ( BaZr x Ti 1–x O 3 , films have been grown by pulsed laser deposition from solid state sintered targets, x = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1 . These were initially characterised by X-ray diffraction ( XRD ), UV-visible absorption spectroscopy ( UV–Vis ), atomic force microscopy ( AFM ) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and found to be smooth ( ∼ 1nm RMS roughness) and of good crystallinity. The structural and electronic properties of ultra-thin films ( ∼ 20 to 2nm ) were also measured by XRD , UV–Vis and AFM as well as variable-angle spectroscopic ellipsometry. BZT was found to exhibit an indirect band gap for all compositions and film thicknesses. The relationship between primary band gap and composition shows a third-order dependence. The relationship between band gap and film thickness shows competing influences that are likely to prevent a change in primary band gap character similar to MoS 2 . It is concluded that BZT is unlikely to be useful for UV–C LED s. The results from chapter 5 investigate the disparity between local- and micro-structure in BZT with reciprocal space maps and Raman spectroscopy. Local tetragonal distortions are seen in BZT alloys x < 1, irrespective of their room-temperature bulk ferroelectric behaviour. With reducing film thickness, the ratio of I [ A 1 ( LO 3 )] to I [ A 1g ] increases for films of 5nm thickness, suggesting increased ferroelectric ordering. It is suggested that this is due to interaction between polar nanoregions and both surfaces of the film simultaneously.
Computational Model for Predicting Particle Fracture During Electrode Calendering
Creators: name: Xu, Jiahui
name: Paredes-Goyes, Brayan
name: Su, Zeliang
name: Scheel, Mario
name: Weitkamp, Timm
name: Demortiere, Arnaud
name: Franco, Alejandro A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of calling for low carbon emissions, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been widely concerned as a power source for electric vehicles, so the fundamental science behind their manufacturing has attracted much attention in recent years. Calendering is an important step of the LIB electrode manufacturing process, and the changes it brings to the electrode microstructure and mechanical properties are worth studying. In this work, we reported the observed cracking of active material (AM) particles due to calendering pressure under ex situ nano-X-ray tomography experiments. We developed a 3D-resolved discrete element method (DEM) model with bonded connections to physically mimic the calendering process using real AM particle shapes derived from the tomography experiments. The DEM model can well predict the change of the morphology of the dry electrode under pressure, and the changes of the applied pressure and porosity are consistent with the experimental values. At the same time, the model is able to simulate the secondary AM particles cracking by the fracture of the bond under force. Our model is the first of its kind being able to predict the fracture of the secondary particles along the calendering process. This work provides a tool for guidance in the manufacturing of optimized LIB electrodes.
The Statistical Approach to Quantifying Galaxy Evolution
Creators: name: Brunner, R. J.
name: Connolly, A. J.
name: Szalay, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Studies of the distribution and evolution of galaxies are of fundamental importance to modern cosmology; these studies, however, are hampered by the complexity of the competing effects of spectral and density evolution. Constructing a spectroscopic sample that is able to unambiguously disentangle these processes is currently excessively prohibitive due to the observational requirements. This paper extends and applies an alternative approach that relies on statistical estimates for both distance (z) and spectral type to a deep multi-band dataset that was obtained for this exact purpose. These statistical estimates are extracted directly from the photometric data by capitalizing on the inherent relationships between flux, redshift, and spectral type. These relationships are encapsulated in the empirical photometric redshift relation which we extend to z ~ 1.2, with an intrinsic dispersion of dz = 0.06. We also develop realistic estimates for the photometric redshift error for individual objects, and introduce the utilization of the galaxy ensemble as a tool for quantifying both a cosmological parameter and its measured error. We present deep, multi-band, optical number counts as a demonstration of the integrity of our sample. Using the photometric redshift and the corresponding redshift error, we can divide our data into different redshift intervals and spectral types. As an example application, we present the number redshift distribution as a function of spectral type.
description: 40 pages (LaTex), 21 Figures, requires aasms4.sty; Accepted by the Astrophysical Journal
Motacilla Linnaeus, 1758, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Motacillidae
Motacilla

description: Motacilla [gen. nov.]
Rostrum subulartum. rectum: Mandibulis subaequalibus.
Nares obovatae.
Lingua lacero-emarginata.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 184, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Dynamical Friction and Resonance Trapping in Planetary Systems
Creators: name: Haghighipour, Nader
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A restricted planar circular three-body system, consisting of the Sun and two planets, is studied as a simple model for a planetary system. The mass of the inner planet is considered to be larger and the system is assumed to be moving in a uniform interplanetary medium with constant density. Numerical integrations of this system indicate a resonance capture when the dynamical friction of the interplanetary medium is taken into account. As a result of this resonance trapping, the ratio of orbital periods of the two planets becomes nearly commensurate and the eccentricity and semimajor axis of the orbit of the outer planet and also its angular momentum and total energy become constant. It appears from the numerical work that the resulting commensurability and also the resonant values of the orbital elements of the outer planet are essentially independent of the initial relative positions of the two bodies. The results of numerical integrations of this system are presented and the first-order partially averaged equations are studied in order to elucidate the behavior of the system while captured in resonance.
description: plainTeX, 30 pages, 18 graphs, accepted by MNRAS
Additional file 3 of Effectiveness of the settings-based intervention Shaping the Social on preventing dropout from vocational education: a Danish non-randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Andersen, Susan
name: Rod, Morten
name: Holmberg, Teresa
name: Ingholt, Liselotte
name: Ersbøll, Annette
name: Tolstrup, Janne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Odds ratios (OR) for school dropout at 6, 9, 12, 18 and 24 month follow-up in intervention group compared to control group. Odds ratios estimated from complete case analysis adjusted for age, sex ethnicity, parental income, prior school dropout, type of basic course and classes (random effect). N = 9652. (DOCX 28 kb)
Fringilla montana Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Fringillidae
Fringilla
Fringilla montana

description: Fringilla montana [spec. nov.]
F. remigibus rectricibusque fuscis, corpore griseo nigroque, alarum fascia alba gemina.
Passer montanus. Aldr. orn. t. 15. c. 15. Olin. av. 46. Raj. av. 87.
Habitat in Europa.
Simillima Fr. domesticae sed minor & fascia duplex in alarum tegetibus alba s. tectrices alarum primi secundique ordinis albi, at in F. domestica tantum secundi.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 183, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Pure hydrogen atmosphere for very cool white dwarfs
Creators: name: Saumon, D.
name: Jacobson, S. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Microlensing events observed in the line of sight toward the LMC indicate that a significant fraction of the mass of the dark halo of the Galaxy is probably composed of white dwarfs. In addition, white dwarf sequences have now be observed in the HR diagrams of several globular clusters. Because of the unavailability of white dwarf atmospheres for Teff < 4000K, cooling time scales for white dwarfs older than ~ 10 Gyr are very uncertain. Moreover, the identification of a MACHO white dwarf population by direct observation depends on a knowledge of the colors and bolometric corrections of very-cool white dwarfs. In this paper we present the first detailed model atmospheres and spectra of very cool hydrogen white dwarfs for Teff < 4000K. We include the latest description of the opacities of hydrogen and significantly, we introduce a non-ideal equation of state in the atmosphere calculation. We find that due to strong absorption from H_2 in the infrared, very old white dwarfs are brightest in the V, R, and I bands, and we confirm that they become bluer in most color indices as they cool below Teff ~ 3500K.
description: 6 LaTex pages and 3 postscript figures. To appear in Ap. J. Letters
On the linear instability of the Ellis-Bronnikov-Morris-Thorne wormhole
Creators: name: Cremona, Francesco
name: Pirotta, Francesca
name: Pizzocchero, Livio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 83C15, 83C20, 83C25

description: We consider the wormhole of Ellis, Bronnikov, Morris and Thorne (EBMT), arising from Einstein's equations in presence of a phantom scalar field. In this paper we propose a simplified derivation of the linear instability of this system, making comparisons with previous works on this subject (and generalizations) by Gonzalez, Guzman, Sarbach, Bronnikov, Fabris and Zhidenko.
description: In comparison with version v2, some additional references have been added and commented. This is a pre-print of the article published in General Relativity and Gravitation. The published article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1007/s10714-019-2501-x
How does a hyperuniform fluid freeze?
Creators: name: Lei, Yusheng
name: Ni, Ran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: All phase transitions can be categorised into two different types: continuous and discontinuous phase transitions. Discontinuous phase transitions are normally accompanied with significant structural changes, and nearly all of them have the kinetic pathway of nucleation and growth, if the system does not suffer from glassy dynamics. Here, in a system of barrier-controlled reactive particles, we find that the discontinuous freezing transition of a non-equilibrium hyperuniform fluid into an absorbing state does not have the kinetic pathway of nucleation and growth, and the transition is triggered by long wavelength fluctuations. The transition rate decreases with increasing the system size, which suggests that the metastable hyperuniform fluid is kinetically stable in an infinitely large system. This challenges the common understanding of metastability in discontinuous phase transitions. Moreover, we find that the ``metastable yet kinetically stable'' hyperuniform fluid features a new scaling in the structure factor $S(k \rightarrow 0) \sim k^{1.2}$ in 2D, which is the third dynamic hyperuniform state in addition to the critical hyperuniform state with $S(k \rightarrow 0) \sim k^{0.45}$ and the non-equilibrium hyperuniform fluid with $S(k \rightarrow 0) \sim k^{2}$.
A Polarimetric Search for Hidden Quasars in Three Radio Selected Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies
Creators: name: Tran, Hien D.
name: Brotherton, M. S.
name: Stanford, S. A.
name: van Breugel, Wil
name: Dey, A.
name: Stern, D.
name: Antonucci, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have carried out a spectropolarimetric search for hidden broad-line quasars in three ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs) discovered in the positional correlations between sources detected in deep radio surveys and the IRAS Faint Source Catalog. Only the high-ionization Seyfert 2 galaxy TF J1736+1122 is highly polarized, displaying a broad-line spectrum visible in polarized light. The other two objects, TF J1020+6436 and FF J1614+3234, display spectra dominated by a population of young (A-type) stars similar to those of ``E + A'' galaxies. They are unpolarized, showing no sign of hidden broad-line regions. The presence of young starburst components in all three galaxies indicates that the ULIRG phenomenon encompasses both AGN and starburst activity, but the most energetic ULIRGs do not necessarily harbor ``buried quasars''. We find that a luminous infrared galaxy is most likely to host an obscured quasar if it exhibits a high-ionization ([O III] 5007/Hb >~ 5) spectrum typical of a ``classic'' Seyfert 2 galaxy with little or no Balmer absorption lines, is ``ultraluminous'' (L_IR >~ 10^12 L_sun), and has a ``warm'' IR color (f_25/f_60 >~ 0.25). The detection of hidden quasars in this group but not in the low-ionization, starburst-dominated ULIRGs (classified as LINERs or H II galaxies) may indicate an evolutionary connection, with the latter being found in younger systems.
description: 30 pages, including 3 tables and 8 figs, to be published in the Astrophysical Journal
Theoretical stellar models for old galactic clusters
Creators: name: Castellani, V.
name: Degl'Innocenti, S.
name: Marconi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new evolutionary stellar models suitable for old Population I clusters, discussing both the consequences of the most recent improvements in the input physics and the effect of element diffusion within the stellar structures. Theoretical cluster isochrones are presented, covering the range of ages from 1 to 9 Gyr for the four selected choices on the metallicity Z= 0.007, 0.010, 0.015 and 0.020. Theoretical uncertainties on the efficiency of superadiabatic convection are discussed in some details. Isochrone fitting to the CM diagrams of the two well observed galactic clusters NGC2420 and M67 indicates that a mixing length parameter alpha = 1.9 appears adequate for reproducing the observed color of cool giant stars. The problems in matching theoretical preditions to the observed slope of MS stars are discussed.
description: 7 pages, 14 postscript figures, accepted for publication on MNRAS
Understanding the role of cAMP-binding proteins in mycobacterial physiology and assessment of antibiotics toxicity using mass-spectrometry approaches
Creators: name: Rebollo Ramirez, Sonia
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: Infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) represents a significant healthcare burden, with approximately 10 million cases of human tuberculosis and 1.6 million deaths reported in 2017 by the WHO. As a result, there is an urgent need to develop new and more effective anti-tuberculosis drugs. However, the development of new antibiotics and the assessment of their toxicity represent an important challenge. Mtb is a successful intracellular pathogen that infects alveolar macrophages. Once inside, Mtb is able to resist hostile conditions such as acidic pH, osmotic stress, nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species, and it can adapt to these environmental cues. The second messenger 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) has been proposed to be involved in the adaptation of Mtb within the macrophage, which is rich in cholesterol and fatty acids. In this thesis, the link between osmotic stress and cAMP in mycobacteria is investigated. Thus, I provide the first evidence that in Mtb is the cAMP receptor protein (CRPMt) responsible for the production of high levels of cAMP after exposure to 250 mM NaCl. Then the role of Rv0998, a cAMP-dependent lysine acetyltransferase in Mtb physiology was investigated. Hence it was revealed that albumin is involved in the survival of an Mtb mutant lacking Rv0998 in acidic pH. Finally, I propose an alternative readout for addressing antibiotic toxicity by looking at changes in the lipidome on intact and unprocessed cells by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation mass spectrometry. Throughout this thesis, a combination of mass spectrometry approaches and tissue culture assays are used to understand Mtb adaptation and antibiotic toxicity. The data obtained in this thesis may help develop new strategies to combat the increasing threat that tuberculosis poses. Furthermore, it will help to rapidly assess the toxicity of aminoglycosides in HeLa and primary cells.
Fringilla violacea Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Fringillidae
Fringilla
Fringilla violacea

description: Fringilla violacea [spec. nov.]
F. violacea, fronte subtusque flavissima. Mus. Ad. Fr. 2. p ...
Habitat in Calidis regionibus.
Nigro-caerulea sunt Dorsum, Collum, Remiges, Rectrices supra. Flavissima sunt Frons, Pectus, Abdomen, Collum subtus. Rostrum brevissimum, trigonum, nigrum apice incurvo.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 182, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Physically interpretable approximations of many-body spectral functions
Creators: name: Goswami, Shubhang
name: Barros, Kipton
name: Carbone, Matthew R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rational function approximation provides a natural and interpretable representation of response functions such as the many-body spectral functions. We apply the Vector Fitting (VFIT) algorithm to fit a variety of spectral functions calculated from the Holstein model of electron-phonon interactions. We show that the resulting rational functions are highly efficient in their fitting of sharp features in the spectral functions, and could provide a means to infer physically relevant information from a spectral dataset. The position of the peaks in the approximated spectral function are determined by the location of poles in the complex plane. In addition, we developed an enhanced version of VFIT by introducing a regularization parameter that is slowly annealed to zero. With this new procedure, we demonstrate it is possible to achieve accurate spectral function fits that vary smoothly as a function of physical conditions.
Class groups of Kummer extensions via cup products in Galois cohomology
Creators: name: Schaefer, Karl
name: Stubley, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We use Galois cohomology to study the $p$-rank of the class group of $\mathbf{Q}(N^{1/p})$, where $N \equiv 1 \bmod{p}$ is prime. We prove a partial converse to a theorem of Calegari--Emerton, and provide a new explanation of the known counterexamples to the full converse of their result. In the case $p = 5$, we prove a complete characterization of the $5$-rank of the class group of $\mathbf{Q}(N^{1/5})$ in terms of whether or not $\prod_{k=1}^{(N-1)/2} k^{k}$ and $\frac{\sqrt{5} - 1}{2}$ are $5$th powers mod $N$.
description: 54 pages. This version has been accepted for publication in Transaction of the AMS
Additional file 2: of Assessment of acute, 14-day, and 13-week repeated oral dose toxicity of Tiglium seed extract in rats
Creators: name: Jun-Won Yun
name: Euna Kwon
name: Yun-Soon Kim
name: Kim, Seung-Hyun
name: Ji-Ran You
name: Hyoung-Chin Kim
name: Park, Jin-Sung
name: Jeong-Hwan Che
name: Sang-Koo Lee
name: Ja-June Jang
name: Kim, Hyeon
name: Byeong-Cheol Kang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Summary incidence of gross findings of F344 rats orally administered with Tiglium seed extract for 14Â days. (DOCX 17 kb)
Twisted Pair Transmission Line Coil -- A Flexible, Self-Decoupled and Extremely Robust Element for 7T MRI
Creators: name: Vliem, Jules
name: Xiao, Ying
name: Wenz, Daniel
name: Xin, Lijing
name: Teeuwisse, Wouter
name: Ruytenberg, Thomas
name: Webb, Andrew
name: Zivkovic, Irena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study evaluates the performance of a twisted pair transmission line coil as a transceive element for 7T MRI in terms of physical flexibility, robustness to shape deformations, and interelement decoupling. Each coil element was created by shaping a twisted pair of wires into a circle. One wire was interrupted at the top, while the other was interrupted at the bottom, and connected to the matching circuit. Electromagnetic simulations were conducted to determine the optimal number of twists per length (in terms of B$_1^+$ field efficiency, SAR efficiency, sensitivity to elongation and interelement decoupling properties) and for investigating the fundamental operational principle of the coil through fields streamline visualization. A comparison between the twisted pair coil and a conventional loop coil in terms of B$_1^+$ fields, maxSAR10g, and stability of $S_{11}$ when the coil was deformed, was performed. Experimentally measured interelement coupling between individual elements of multichannel arrays was also investigated. Increasing the number of twists per length resulted in a more physically robust coil. Poynting vector streamline visualization showed that the twisted pair coil concentrated most of the energy in the near field. The twisted pair coil exhibited comparable B$_1^+$ fields and improved maxSAR10g to the conventional coil but demonstrated exceptional stability with respect to coil deformation and a strong self-decoupling nature when placed in an array configuration. The findings highlight the robustness of the twisted pair coil, showcasing its stability under shape variations. This coil holds great potential as a flexible RF coil for various imaging applications using multiple-element arrays, benefiting from its inherent decoupling.
description: Revised version; 20 pages, 16 figures, preprint