cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Signal detection based on the chaotic motion of an antiferromagnetic domain wall
Creators: name: Shen, Laichuan
name: Xia, Jing
name: Ezawa, Motohiko
name: Tretiakov, Oleg A.
name: Zhao, Guoping
name: Zhou, Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The antiferromagnetic domain wall dynamics is currently a hot topic in mesoscopic magnetic systems. In this work, it is found that, based on the Thiele approach, the motion of an antiferromagnetic domain wall is described by the Duffing equation. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the antiferromagnetic domain wall can be used as a Duffing oscillator, and the transition between the periodic and chaotic motion can be used to detect the periodic signal in the presence of the white noise. Furthermore, we calculate the bifurcation diagram and Lyapunov exponents to study the chaotic behavior of an antiferromagnetic domain wall. The numerical simulations are in good agreement with the analytical solutions. Our results may be useful for building spintronic detection devices based on antiferromagnetic domain walls.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Optical spectroscopy of close companions to nearby Herbig Ae/Be and T Tauri stars
Creators: name: Carmona, A.
name: Ancker, M. E van den
name: Henning, Th.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present VLT-FORS2 optical (5700 - 9400 A) spectroscopy of close (r < 1.5'') companions to three nearby (d < 200 pc) Herbig Ae/Be stars (HD 144432, HD 150193, KK Oph) and one T Tauri star (S CrA). We report the detection of Li I (6707 A) in absorption and emission lines (Halpha, Ca II triplet) in the spectra of the companions. Our observations strongly suggest that the companions are physically associated pre-main-sequence stars. The spectral type derived for the companions is K5Ve for HD 144432 B, F9Ve for HD 150193 B, and G6Ve for KK Oph B. S CrA A and B were observed simultaneously. The spatially resolved spectra indicate that S CrA A (primary, north) is a G star and that S CrA B (secondary, south) is a K star. Using photometry from the literature and estimations of the R and I magnitude derived from the spectra, we localized primaries and companions in the HR diagram, derived their masses and assuming coevality constrained the age of the systems. KK Oph B (7 Myr) and S CrA B (2 Myr) are actively accreting T Tauri stars and are very likely surrounded by disks. HD 150193 B (10 Myr) and HD 144432 B (8 Myr) are weak-line T Tauri stars. Three of the four systems studied (HD 144432, HD 150193, KK Oph) have ages > 7 Myr. These systems retained their disks for a longer time than typical of a young star. Our results suggest that binarity may be a key issue in understanding the lifetime of disks.
description: 11 pages, 5 Postscript figures, accepted by A&A (18/12/2006)
The SL(2,C) Casson invariant for Seifert fibered homology spheres and surgeries on twist knots
Creators: name: Boden, Hans U.
name: Curtis, Cynthia L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M27, 57M25, 57M05

description: We derive a simple closed formula for the SL(2,C) Casson invariant for Seifert fibered homology 3-spheres using the correspondence between SL(2,C) character varieties and moduli spaces of parabolic Higgs bundles of rank two. These results are then used to deduce the invariant for Dehn surgeries on twist knots by combining computations of the Culler-Shalen norms with the surgery formula for the SL(2,C) Casson invariant.
description: 24 pages, 1 figure, to appear in JKTR
Desafíos legales, éticos y prácticos de la moderación de contenido impulsada por inteligencia artificial
Creators: name: Banchio, Pablo Rafael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: artificial intelligence, content moderation, algorithmic bias, transparency, accountability, data privacy, online platforms, ethical considerations, regulatory compliance.
inteligencia artificial, moderación de contenido, sesgo algorítmico, transparencia, rendición de cuentas, privacidad de datos, plataformas en línea, consideraciones éticas, cumplimiento normativo

description: El uso de la inteligencia artificial (IA) en la moderación de contenido presenta avances prometedores y desafíos significativos para las plataformas en línea. Este documento explora las dimensiones legales y éticas de los sistemas de moderación impulsados por IA, centrándose en cuestiones como el sesgo algorítmico, la transparencia, la rendición de cuentas y la privacidad de datos. La IA ofrece una mayor eficiencia y escalabilidad, permitiendo a las plataformas gestionar grandes volúmenes de contenido, pero surgen preocupaciones cuando estos sistemas penalizan injustamente a ciertos grupos de usuarios o carecen de transparencia en la toma de decisiones. En este trabajo procuramos destacar la importancia de equilibrar la innovación tecnológica con las consideraciones éticas y el cumplimiento normativo, especialmente a la luz de marcos como el Reglamento General de Protección de Datos (GDPR), la Ley de Servicios Digitales (DSA) y la Ley de Inteligencia Artificial (AI Act). Proponemos un enfoque multidimensional, combinando el aprendizaje automático avanzado con la supervisión humana para garantizar la equidad y la rendición de cuentas en la moderación de contenido procurando, mas allá de la regulación, la “humanización” de la IA.
description: LEGAL, ETHICAL AND PRACTICAL CHALLENGES OF AI-DRIVEN CONTENT MODERATION

Abstract: The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in content moderation presents both promising advancements and significant challenges for online platforms. This paper explores the legal and ethical dimensions of AI-driven moderation systems, focusing on issues such as algorithmic bias, transparency, accountability, and data privacy. AI offers increased efficiency and scalability, enabling platforms to manage vast amounts of content, but concerns arise when these systems unfairly penalize certain user groups or lack transparency in decision-making. The paper highlights the importance of balancing technological innovation with ethical considerations and regulatory compliance, particularly in light of frameworks such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), Digital Services Act (DSA), and Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act). It advocates for a multidimensional approach, combining advanced machine learning with human oversight to ensure fairness and accountability in content moderation seeking, beyond regulation, the "humanization" of AI. 

Keywords: artificial intelligence, content moderation, algorithmic bias, transparency, accountability, data privacy, online platforms, ethical considerations, regulatory compliance.
Single atom quantum walk with 1D optical superlattices
Creators: name: Joo, Jaewoo
name: Knight, P. L.
name: Pachos, Jiannis K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A proposal for the implementation of quantum walks using cold atom technology is presented. It consists of one atom trapped in time varying optical superlattices. The required elements are presented in detail including the preparation procedure, the manipulation required for the quantum walk evolution and the final measurement. These procedures can be, in principle, implemented with present technology.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures
Conjugates of Pisot numbers
Creators: name: Hare, Kevin G.
name: Sidorov, Nikita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11K16

description: In this paper we investigate the Galois conjugates of a Pisot number $q \in (m, m+1)$, $m \geq 1$. In particular, we conjecture that for $q \in (1,2)$ we have $|q'| \geq \frac{\sqrt{5}-1}{2}$ for all conjugates $q'$ of $q$. Further, for $m \geq 3$, we conjecture that for all Pisot numbers $q \in (m, m+1)$ we have $|q'| \geq \frac{m+1-\sqrt{m^2+2m-3}}{2}$. A similar conjecture if made for $m =2$. We conjecture that all of these bounds are tight. We provide partial supporting evidence for this conjecture. This evidence is both of a theoretical and computational nature. Lastly, we connect this conjecture to a result on the dimension of Bernoulli convolutions parameterized by $β$, whose conjugate is the reciprocal of a Pisot number.
description: 17 pages, 2 figures
FROM POLICY TO PRACTICE - NAVIGATING CHILDREN'S RIGHTS IN LEGAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL REALMS
Creators: name: Brandl, Edenilson
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Children's Rights
Legal Frameworks
Psychological Considerations
Parental Separation
International Conventions
Interdisciplinary Collaboration
Education for Empowerment
Child Participation
Socioeconomic Disparities
Holistic Development

description: This article delves into the intricate landscape of children's rights, exploring the amalgamation of legal frameworks and psychological considerations across diverse contexts. It navigates the evolving terrain of children's participation in parental separation cases, illegal adoption trafficking, racial discrimination in schools, cyberabuse prevention, school transportation accidents, medication safety, and socioeconomic disparities. Emphasizing the pivotal role of international conventions, notably the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), it underscores the imperative of upholding children's voices and best interests. Interdisciplinary collaboration between legal and psychological experts is underscored, acknowledging the significance of assessing children's capacities and developmental needs. Education emerges as a cornerstone, both in providing access to quality education and empowering children with knowledge about their rights and responsibilities. The article advocates for comprehensive legal frameworks, spotlighting the interconnectedness of legal responsibilities in safeguarding children's well-being, fostering equality, safety, and holistic development.

 

 

Dieser Artikel befasst sich mit der komplexen Landschaft der Kinderrechte und untersucht die Verschmelzung rechtlicher Rahmenbedingungen und psychologischer Überlegungen in verschiedenen Kontexten. Es befasst sich mit der sich wandelnden Beteiligung von Kindern an Fällen der Trennung ihrer Eltern, illegalem Adoptionshandel, Rassendiskriminierung in Schulen, Prävention von Cybermissbrauch, Schultransportunfällen, Medikamentensicherheit und sozioökonomischen Ungleichheiten. Es betont die zentrale Rolle internationaler Übereinkommen, insbesondere des Übereinkommens der Vereinten Nationen über die Rechte des Kindes (CRC), und unterstreicht die Notwendigkeit, die Stimme und das Wohl der Kinder zu wahren. Die interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit zwischen juristischen und psychologischen Experten wird hervorgehoben und die Bedeutung der Beurteilung der Fähigkeiten und Entwicklungsbedürfnisse von Kindern anerkannt. Bildung erweist sich als Eckpfeiler sowohl für den Zugang zu hochwertiger Bildung als auch für die Vermittlung von Wissen über ihre Rechte und Pflichten an Kinder. Der Artikel plädiert für umfassende rechtliche Rahmenbedingungen und betont die Vernetzung der rechtlichen Verantwortlichkeiten beim Schutz des Wohlergehens von Kindern sowie bei der Förderung von Gleichberechtigung, Sicherheit und ganzheitlicher Entwicklung.
Chiral extrapolation of the sigma and rho mesons from dispersion relations and Chiral Perturbation Theory
Creators: name: Ríos, G.
name: Nicola, A. Gómez
name: Hanhart, C.
name: Peláez, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review our recent study of the pion mass dependence of the rho and sigma resonances, generated from one-loop SU(2) Chiral Perturbation Theory (ChPT) with the Inverse Amplitude Method (IAM). In order to properly account for the Adler zero region, we also review the recently obtained modified version of the IAM; which is based on analyticity, elastic unitarity and ChPT at low energies, thus yielding the correct pion mass dependence of the resonance pole positions up to next-to-leading order in ChPT. As main results we find that the rho-pi-pi coupling constant is almost pion mass independent and that the rho mass shows a smooth pion mass dependence while that of the sigma shows a strong non-analyticity. These findings are important for studies of the meson spectrum on the lattice.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, to appear in the proceedings of the "Scalar Mesons and Related Topics" workshop. Lisbon, February 11-16, 2008
Subtleties of Lorentz Invariance in Relativistic Constituent Quark Models of the Nucleon and the Spin-Dependent Quark Density
Creators: name: Kvinikhidze, Alexander
name: Miller, Gerald A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects of a barely perceivable violation of Lorentz invariance on results computed using a relativistic constituent quark model wave function. The model nucleon wave function of Gross {\it et al.} is constructed such thatthere is no orbital angular momentum and that the spin-dependent density is spherical. This model wave function is claimed to be manifestly covariant, but we show that this is not so. In particular,the seeming covariance of the matrix elements of the electromagnetic current arises from using the Breit frame. Matrix elements have a different appearance in any other frame.
description: 7 pages, replacement includes further explanations and an acknowledgement to Prof. Franz Gross
Evaluation of scientific CMOS sensors for sky survey applications
Creators: name: Karpov, Sergey
name: Bajat, Armelle
name: Christov, Asen
name: Prouza, Michael
name: Beskin, Grigory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scientific CMOS image sensors are a modern alternative for a typical CCD detectors, as they offer both low read-out noise, large sensitive area, and high frame rates. All these makes them promising devices for a modern wide-field sky surveys. However, the peculiarities of CMOS technology have to be properly taken into account when analyzing the data. In order to characterize these, we performed an extensive laboratory testing of two Andor cameras based on sCMOS chips -- Andor Neo and Andor Marana. Here we report its results, especially on the temporal stability, linearity and image persistence. We also present the results of an on-sky testing of these sensors connected to a wide-field lenses, and discuss its applications for an astronomical sky surveys.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1909.00729
Energy transmission control for a Grid-connected modern power system Non-Linear loads with a Series Multi-Stage Transformer Voltage Reinjection with controlled converters
Creators: name: Venkatesh, Appalabathula
name: Nalinakshan, Shankar
name: Kiran, S S
name: H, Pradeepa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The effective way of energy transmission plays a key factor in improving the overall transmission systems efficiency. Many methods are proposed to control the reactive power flow, voltage fluctuations and power factor improvement, The proposed converter topology gives a much significant improvement in transmission systems performance which includes multistage transformers control with the controlled converters along with the series active filters. The overall control strategy which involves the Multistage Voltage Re-Injection Transformer Controlled Converters (MSVRITCC) to reinject the voltages into the grid to compensate the voltages and remaining parameters and power flow control. The proposed topology improves the grid security, flexibility in reaching the desired load requirements with grid adaptability and reduces THD values into a significant values and made the control of power conditioning circuit flexible and easy to perform the voltage compensations in grid to load connected applications. The binary control is used to trigger the power converter circuits which made the controlling much simpler.
The XMM-Newton EPIC Background and the production of Background Blank Sky Event Files
Creators: name: Carter, J. A.
name: Read, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe in detail the nature of XMM-Newton EPIC background and its various complex components, summarising the new findings of the XMM-Newton EPIC background working group, and provide XMM-Newton background blank sky event files for use in the data analysis of diffuse and extended sources. Blank sky event file data sets are produced from the stacking of data, taken from 189 observations resulting from the Second XMM-Newton Serendipitous Source Catalogue (2XMMp) reprocessing. The data underwent several filtering steps, using a revised and improved method over previous work, which we describe in detail. We investigate several properties of the final blank sky data sets. The user is directed to the location of the final data sets. There is a final data set for each EPIC instrument-filter-mode combination.
description: Paper accepted by A&A 22 December 2006. 14 pages, 8 figures. Paper can also be found at http://www.star.le.ac.uk/~jac48/publications/
ผลของโปรแกรมสร้างเสริมพฤติกรรมป้องกันการติดเชื้อเอชไอวีของนักเรียนมัธยมศึกษาปีที่ 2 กรุงเทพมหานคร
Creators: name: สิริพร ภิยโยทัย
Publisher: name: กองนวัตกรรมและวิจัย กรมควบคุมโรค
Year: 2561
Subjects: เอดส์และการติดเชื้อเอชไอวี
พฤติกรรมป้องกันการติดเชื้อเอชไอวี
นักเรียนมัยธมศึกษา

description: วารสารควบคุมโรค, 44, 2, 145-158
Measurement of the top quark mass in the lepton+jets final state with the matrix element method
Creators: name: D0 Collaboration
name: Abazov, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a measurement of the top quark mass with the Matrix Element method in the lepton+jets final state. As the energy scale for calorimeter jets represents the dominant source of systematic uncertainty, the Matrix Element likelihood is extended by an additional parameter, which is defined as a global multiplicative factor applied to the standard energy scale. The top quark mass is obtained from a fit that yields the combined statistical and systematic jet energy scale uncertainty. Using a data set of 370 pb-1 taken with the D0 experiment at Run II of the Fermilab Tevatron Collider, the mass of the top quark is measured using topological information to be: mtop(topo) = 169.2 +5.0-7.4 (stat.+JES) +1.5-1.4 (syst.) GeV, and when information about identified $b$ jets is included: mtop(b-tag) = 170.3 +4.1-4.5 (stat.+JES) +1.2-1.8 (syst.) GeV. The measurements yield a jet energy scale consistent with the reference scale.
description: submitted to Phys. Rev. D, 26 pages
The Characteristic Functions and Their Typical Values for the Nonlinear Spinors
Creators: name: Gu, Ying-Qiu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we solve the eigen solutions to some nonlinear spinor equations, and compute several functions reflecting their characteristics. The numerical results show that, the nonlinear spinor equation has only finite meaningful eigen solutions, which have positive discrete mass spectra and anomalous magnetic moment. The nonlinear potential and interactions yield different contributions to the total energy, and these components of the energy lead to different energy-speed relation. The magnitude of these components can be detected by elaborate experiments. The weird properties of the nonlinear spinors might be closely related with the elementary particles and their interactions, so some deeper investigations on them are significant.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures
HAYVONAT OLAMI BILAN TANISHISH ORQALI BOLALARDA AXLOQIY SIFATLARINI RIVOJLANTIRISHNING AXAMIYATI
Creators: name: Zuparova, Munira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Mustaqillik yillarida Rеspublikada ta'lim-tarbiya tizimi va barkamol avlodni tarbiyalash davlat siyosatining asosiy ustuvor yo‘nalishlari darajasiga qo‘tarildi. Maktabgacha ta'lim tashkilotlari faoliyatini takomillashtirish mazkur ta'lim sohasida olib borilayotgan ishlar samaradorligini amalga oshirishda asos bo‘lib xizmat qiladi. O‘zbеkiston Rеspublikasi Prеzidеnti Sh.Mirziyoyеvning  2017 yil 30 sеntyabrdagi PF-5198-sonli farmonida ko‘rsatilganidеk,  maktabgacha ta'lim sohasi uzluksiz ta'lim tizimining birlamchi bo‘g‘imi hisoblanib, u har tomonlama sog‘lom va barkamol bola shaxsini tarbiyalash va maktabga tayyorlashda   g‘oyat    muhim  ahamiyat   kasb   etadi.

O‘zbеkiston Rеspublikasi maktabgacha ta'lim tizimini 2030 yilgacha rivojlantirish konsеpsiyasi (kеyingi o‘rinlarda - Konsеpsiya) O‘zbеkiston Rеspublikasi Prеzidеntining 2018 yil 30 sеntyabrdagi "Maktabgacha ta'lim tizimini boshqarishni takomillashtirish chora-tadbirlari to‘g‘risida"gi PQ-3955-son Qarorni ijro etish maqsadida ishlab chiqilgan bo‘lib, 2030 yilgacha maktabgacha ta'lim tizimini rivojlantirish bo‘yicha komplеks chora-tadbirlarni o‘z ichiga oladi. O‘zbеkiston Rеspublikasi maktabgacha ta'lim tizimini 2030 yilgacha rivojlantirish   konsеpsiyasini tasdiqlash to‘g‘risidagi Prеzidеnt qarori qabul qilindi.
Σύνθεση υβριδικών παραγώγων μονο- και διλακταμικών στεροειδών με αλκυλιωτικούς παράγοντες ή αντιμεταβολίτες
Creators: name: Γερομιχαλού, Ελένη Γεωργίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2015
Subjects: Υβριδικά μόρια
Στεροειδή
Αλκυλιωτικοί παράγοντες
Hybrid molecules
Steroids
Alkylating agents

description: Τα τροποποιημένα στεροειδή τα οποία συζευγνύονται με αλκυλιωτές του DNA, βρίσκονται στο επίκεντρο της μελέτης εδώ και πολλές δεκαετίες εξαιτίας της αυξημένης βιολογικής τους δράσης. Τα υβριδικά αυτά μόρια παρουσιάζουν εξαιρετική αύξηση της εγγενούς ισχύος του φαρμάκου (αλκυλιωτή ή αντιμεταβολίτη) αφού έχουν σχεδιαστεί ως φορείς κυτταροτοξικών ενώσεων με σκοπό τη μείωση της συστηματικής τοξικότητας ενώ παράλληλα βελτιώνουν την εκλεκτικότητα των φαρμάκων στη θεραπεία του καρκίνου. Η εξαιρετική τους αποτελεσματικότητα έγκειται στη διττή αρχιτεκτονική των μορίων αυτών παρουσιάζοντας συνεργειστική δράση: από τη μία πλευρά το ίδιο το στεροειδές διαθέτει αντικαρκινικές ιδιότητες και έχει την ικανότητα να αλληλεπιδρά με τις πρωτεΐνες, ενώ από την άλλη οι αλκυλιωτικοί παράγοντες αποτελούν μια ξεχωριστή κατηγορία αντικαρκινικών φαρμάκων, των οποίων τα αποτελέσματα οφείλονται στην ικανότητα τους να αποδίδουν ομάδες αλκυλίων στο DNA. Ο στόχος της συγκεκριμένης μεταπτυχιακής εργασίας ήταν η σύνθεση υβριδικών στεροειδών λακταμικών παραγώγων που συζευγνύονται με ένα αλκυλιωτικό μόριο του DNA ή έναν αντιμεταβολίτη, ξεκινώντας από τρία βασικά στεροειδή, την τεστοστερόνη, την οιστρόνη και την αδρενοστερόνη. Κομβικό σημείο των παραπάνω συνθέσεων αποτέλεσε η αντίδραση Beckmann καθώς με την αναδιάταξη συγκεκριμένων δακτυλίων λήφθηκαν μονο- και διλακταμικά παράγωγα τα οποία παρουσίασαν και τη μεγαλύτερη κυτταροτοξικότητα.
description: Modified steroids conjugated with DNA alkylators, are the focus of study for many decades because of their increased biological activity. These hybrid molecules exhibit excellent inherent increase in drug potency (as alkylating or antimetabolite), since they are designed as carriers of cytotoxic compounds with a view to reduce systemic toxicity while, at the same time, improve drug selectivity for cancer therapy. Their excellent efficiency lies in the dual architecture of these molecules, showing synergistic effect: on one hand the steroid moiety itself has anticancer properties and has the ability to interact with proteins, while in the other, alkylating agents constitute a class of anticancer drugs, with activity derived from their ability to attach alkyl groups to DNA. The goal of this thesis was the synthesis of hybrid steroidal lactam derivatives conjugated with a DNA alkylating molecule or an antimetabolite, starting from three basic steroids: testosterone, estrone and adrenosterone. Focal point of the above synthetic procedures was the Beckmann reaction since the re-arrangement of specific rings resulted in mono- and dilactam derivatives, showing increased cytotoxicity.
Star Formation in Massive LSB Galaxies
Creators: name: O'Neil, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Massive low surface brightness galaxies have disk central surface brightnesses at least one magnitude fainter than the night sky, but total magnitudes and masses that show they are among the largest galaxies known. Like all low surface brightness (LSB) galaxies, massive LSB galaxies are often in the midst of star formation yet their stellar light has remained diffuse, raising the question of how star formation is proceeding within these systems. HI observations have played a crucial role in studying LSB galaxies as they are typically extremely gas rich. In the past few years we have more than quadrupled the total number of massive LSB galaxies,primarily through HI surveys. To clarify their structural parameters and stellar and gas content, we have undertaken a multi-wavelength study of these enigmatic systems. The results of this study, which includes HI, CO, optical, near UV, and far UV images of the galaxies, will provide the most in depth study done to date of how, when, and where star formation proceeds within this unique subset of the galaxy population.
description: Paper will full color images can be found at http://www.gb.nrao.edu/~koneil; To be published in AIP conference series "The Evolution of Galaxies through the Neutral Hydrogen Window"
Moment-generating function of output stream of leaky integrate-and-fire neuron
Creators: name: Vidybida, Alexander
name: Shchur, Olha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The statistics of the output activity of a neuron during its stimulation by the stream of input impulses that forms the stochastic Poisson process is studied. The leaky integrate-and-fire neuron is considered as a neuron model. A new representation of the probability distribution function of the output interspike interval durations is found. Based on it, the moment-generating function of the probability distribution is calculated explicitly. The latter, according to Curtiss theorem, completely determines the distribution itself. In particular, explicit expressions are derived from the moment-generating function for the moments of all orders. The first moment coincides with the one found earlier. Formulas for the second and third moments have been checked numerically by direct modeling of the stochastic dynamics of a neuron with specific physical parameters.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, manuscript accepted by Ukrainian Journal of Physics
The fusion algebra of bimodule categories
Creators: name: Fuchs, Jurgen
name: Runkel, Ingo
name: Schweigert, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We establish an algebra-isomorphism between the complexified Grothendieck ring F of certain bimodule categories over a modular tensor category and the endomorphism algebra of appropriate morphism spaces of those bimodule categories. This provides a purely categorical proof of a conjecture by Ostrik concerning the structure of F. As a by-product we obtain a concrete expression for the structure constants of the Grothendieck ring of the bimodule category in terms of endomorphisms of the tensor unit of the underlying modular tensor category.
description: 16 pages
A Novel Jet Model for the Novikov-Thorne Disk and its Observable Impact
Creators: name: Guo, Sen
name: Wang, Pei
name: He, Ke-Jian
name: Li, Guo-Ping
name: Zeng, Xiao-Xiong
name: Deng, Wen-Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent high-resolution observations have established a strong link between black hole jets and accretion disk structures, particularly in the 3.5 mm wavelength band [Nature. 616, 686 (2023)]. In this work, we propose a ``jet-modified Novikov-Thorne disk model'' that explicitly incorporates jet luminosity into the accretion disk radiation framework. By integrating synchrotron radiation from relativistic electrons in the jet, we derive a modified luminosity function that accounts for both the accretion disk and jet contributions. Our analysis demonstrates that the inclusion of jet luminosity enhances the total accretion disk luminosity by approximately 33.5\%, as derived from the integration of radiative flux. Furthermore, we compare our modified model with the standard Novikov-Thorne model and find that the jet contribution remains significant across different observational inclinations. These results highlight the necessity of incorporating jet effects when estimating the observable flux of black hole accretion systems, which has direct implications for future astronomical observations.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Bubbling AdS and Vacuum String Field Theory
Creators: name: Bonora, L.
name: Maccaferri, C.
name: Santos, R. J. Scherer
name: Tolla, D. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a family of 1/2--BPS states of $\N=4$ SYM is in correspondence with a family of classical solutions of VSFT with a $B$--field playing the role of the inverse Planck constant. We show this correspondence by relating the Wigner distributions of the $N$ fermion systems representing such states, to low energy space profiles of systems of VSFT D-branes. In this context the Pauli exclusion principle appears as a consequence of the VSFT projector equation. The family of 1/2--BPS states maps through coarse--graining to droplet LLM supergravity solutions. We discuss the possible meaning of the corresponding coarse graining in the VSFT side.
description: 23 pages, subsection 4.1 added, Appendix suppressed. to be published in NPB
Intensity equations for birefringent spin lasers
Creators: name: Xu, Gaofeng
name: Cao, David
name: Labinac, Velimir
name: Žutić, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Semiconductor spin lasers are distinguished from their conventional counterparts by the presence of spin-polarized carriers. The transfer of angular momentum of the spin-polarized carriers to photons provides important opportunities for the operation of lasers. With the injection of spin-polarized carriers, which lead to the circularly polarized light, the polarization of the emitted light can be changed an order of magnitude faster than its intensity. This ultrafast operation of spin lasers relies on a large birefringence, usually viewed as detrimental in spin and conventional lasers. We introduce a transparent description of spin lasers using intensity equations, which elucidate the influence of birefringence on the intensity and polarization modulation of lasers. While intensity modulation is independent of birefringence, for polarization modulation an increase in birefringence directly increases the resonant frequency. Our results for dynamical operation of lasers provide a guide for their spin-dependent response and spintronic applications beyond magnetoresistance.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures
Heavy Quark Mass Effects in Deep Inelastic Scattering and Global QCD Analysis
Creators: name: Tung, W. K.
name: Lai, H. L.
name: Belyaev, A.
name: Pumplin, J.
name: Stump, D.
name: Yuan, C. -P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new implementation of the general PQCD formalism of Collins, including heavy quark mass effects, is described. Important features that contribute to the accuracy and efficiency of the calculation of both neutral current (NC) and charged current (CC) processess are explicitly discussed. This new implementation is applied to the global analysis of the full HERA I data sets on NC and CC cross sections, with correlated systematic errors, in conjunction with the usual fixed-target and hadron collider data sets. By using a variety of parametrizations to explore the parton parameter space, robust new parton distribution function (PDF) sets (CTEQ6.5) are obtained. The new quark distributions are consistently higher in the region x ~ 10^{-3} than previous ones, with important implications on hadron collider phenomenology, especially at the LHC. The uncertainties of the parton distributions are reassessed and are compared to the previous ones. A new set of CTEQ6.5 eigenvector PDFs that encapsulates these uncertainties is also presented.
description: 32 pages, 12 figures; updated, Publication Version
The efficacy of parent-focused language intervention: a case study
Creators: name: Hoff, Karen Liane
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The present study examined the influence of an individualized parent training program on parent behaviours presumed to facilitate language acquisition and the language development of a child with a language production disorder. A 10-week parent-focused intervention program based on the Hanen Early Language Parent Program (Manolson, 1985) was conducted. The results of the present study indicate that the parents were able to increase their use of techniques that are presumed to facilitate reciprocal interaction and language development. Changes in the parents' communicative behaviours co-occurred with improvements in the social-communicative abilities and at least some of the linguistic abilities of the child. Findings from the present study have identified the need to clarify the impact of parent training programs on children's communicative and linguistic development. A review of the literature indicates that individual responses to intervention may be masked by the presentation of group results. While this study makes no claims for general program efficacy, it does offer a method to evaluate program efficacy in single dyads.
Inventory control in the retail sector : A case study of Canadian Tire Pacific Associates
Creators: name: Kapalka, Brian Anthony
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Canadian Tire Pacific Associates owns and operates 21 retail stores in the lower mainland of British Columbia and a central warehouse in Burnaby. In this thesis, we formulate a single-product, single-location model of its inventory system as a first step in developing an integrated, interactive inventory control system. Specifically, we formulate a Markov chain model for a periodic review system with a deterministic lead time and lost sales. The model utilizes empirical demand data to calculate the long-run average cost of inventory for a given (s,S) policy. We then develop a heuristic that locates a "near" optimal policy quickly. The heuristic incorporates a constraint on the customer service level, makes use of an updating technique for the transition probability matrix, and is based on assumptions regarding the properties of the solution space. Next, we create a prototype of the interface that enables managers to use the model interactively. Finally, we compare the existing inventory policy to the optimal policy for each of 420 products sold at one of the stores. This thesis finds that Canadian Tire Pacific Associates is currently holding excessively large in-store inventory and that it could reduce its cost of inventory by approximately 40% to 50%. We estimate that implementing optimal inventory control in the stores would result in annual savings of between $5.5 and $7 million.
Isometric actions of simple Lie groups on pseudoRiemannian manifolds
Creators: name: Quiroga-Barranco, Raul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53C24: 53C50

description: Let M be a connected compact pseudoRiemannian manifold acted upon topologically transitively and isometrically by a connected noncompact simple Lie group G. If m_0, n_0 are the dimensions of the maximal lightlike subspaces tangent to M and G, respectively, where G carries any bi-invariant metric, then we have n_0 \leq m_0. We study G-actions that satisfy the condition n_0 = m_0. With no rank restrictions on G, we prove that M has a finite covering \hat{M} to which the G-action lifts so that \hat{M} is G-equivariantly diffeomorphic to an action on a double coset K\backslash L/Γ, as considered in Zimmer's program, with G normal in L (Theorem A). If G has finite center and \rank_\R(G)\geq 2, then we prove that we can choose \hat{M} for which L is semisimple and Γis an irreducible lattice (Theorem B). We also prove that our condition n_0 = m_0 completely characterizes, up to a finite covering, such double coset G-actions (Theorem C). This describes a large family of double coset G-actions and provides a partial positive answer to the conjecture proposed in Zimmer's program.
description: 29 pages, published version
Hamiltonian engineering for quantum systems
Creators: name: Schirmer, Sonia G
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe different strategies for using a semi-classical controller to engineer quantum Hamiltonians to solve control problems such as quantum state or process engineering or optimization of observables.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, revised version to appear in Proceedings of 3rd IFAC Workshop on Lagrangian and Hamiltonian Methods in Nonlinear Control (Nagoya, Japan, 2006)
Progress in Data and Analysis Preservation in the PHENIX Experiment at RHIC
Creators: name: Potekhin, Maxim
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: dphep24
phenix
dap
reana
d+au
direct photon
π0
raa
nuclear
modification
J/Ψ
dimuon
hepdata
container
docker
dphep

description: Talk presented at the Data Preservation in High Energy Physics Collaboration Workshop 2024
Inaccessible Singularities in Toral Cosmology
Creators: name: McInnes, Brett
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The familiar Bang/Crunch singularities of classical cosmology have recently been augmented by new varieties: rips, sudden singularities, and so on. These tend to be associated with final states. Here we consider an alternative possibility for the initial state: a singularity which has the novel property of being inaccessible to physically well-defined probes. These singularities arise naturally in cosmologies with toral spatial sections.
description: 10 pages, version to appear in Classical and Quantum Gravity
การพัฒนารูปแบบเกณฑ์อำเภอควบคุมโรคเข้มแข็งแบบยั่งยืน ตามแนวคิดการบริหารจัดการภาครัฐแนวใหม่
Creators: name: วิรัช ประวันเตา
Publisher: name: กองนวัตกรรมและวิจัย กรมควบคุมโรค
Year: 2561
Subjects: อำเภอควบคุมโรคเข้มแข็ง
การบริหารจัดการภาครัฐแนวใหม่

description: วารสารควบคุมโรค, 44, 2, 159-172
A characterisation of S^3 among homology spheres
Creators: name: Boileau, Michel
name: Paoluzzi, Luisa
name: Zimmermann, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M40, 57M12, 57M50, 57M60, 57S17

description: We prove that an integral homology 3-sphere is S^3 if and only if it admits four periodic diffeomorphisms of odd prime orders whose space of orbits is S^3. As an application we show that an irreducible integral homology sphere which is not S^3 is the cyclic branched cover of odd prime order of at most four knots in S^3. A result on the structure of finite groups of odd order acting on integral homology spheres is also obtained.
description: This is the version published by Geometry & Topology Monographs on 29 April 2008
Thermal decay rates of an activated complex in a driven model chemical reaction
Creators: name: Bardakcioglu, Robin
name: Reiff, Johannes
name: Feldmaier, Matthias
name: Main, Jörg
name: Hernandez, Rigoberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent work has shown that in a non-thermal, multidimensional system, the trajectories in the activated complex possess different instantaneous and time-averaged reactant decay rates. Under dissipative dynamics, it is known that these trajectories, which are bound on the normally hyperbolic invariant manifold (NHIM), converge to a single trajectory over time. By subjecting these dissipative systems to thermal noise, we find fluctuations in the saddle-bound trajectories and their instantaneous decay rates. Averaging over these instantaneous rates results in the decay rate of the activated complex in a thermal system. We find, that the temperature dependence of the activated complex decay in a thermal system can be linked to the distribution of the phase space resolved decay rates on the NHIM in the non-dissipative case. By adjusting the external driving of the reaction, we show that it is possible to influence how the decay rate of the activated complex changes with rising temperature.
description: Main article has 9 pages, 7 figures. Supplemental material has 2 pages, 1 figure
MPEC 2024-T167 : 2024 TB4
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 TB4

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Noether's problem and rationality problem for multiplicative invariant fields: a survey
Creators: name: Hoshi, Akinari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11E72, 12F12, 13A50, 14E08, 14F22, 14M20, 20J06

description: In this paper, we give a brief survey of recent developments on Noether's problem and rationality problem for multiplicative invariant fields including author's recent papers Hoshi [Hos15] about Noether's problem over Q, Hoshi, Kang and Kunyavskii [HKK13], Chu, Hoshi, Hu and Kang [CHHK15], Hoshi [Hos16] and Hoshi, Kang and Yamasaki [HKY16] about Noether's problem over C, and Hoshi, Kang and Kitayama [HKK14] and Hoshi, Kang and Yamasaki [HKY] about rationality problem for multiplicative invariant fields.
description: 25 pages, Algebraic Number Theory and Related Topics 2016, 29-53, RIMS K\^oky\^uroku Bessatsu, B77, Res. Inst. Math. Sci. (RIMS), Kyoto, 2020
Switchable collective pinning of flux quanta using magnetic vortex arrays
Creators: name: Villegas, J. E.
name: Smith, K. D.
name: Huang, Lei
name: Zhu, Yimei
name: Morales, R.
name: Schuller, Ivan K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We constructed a superconducting/ferromagnetic hybrid system in which the ordering of the pinning potential landscape for flux quanta can be manipulated. Flux pinning is induced by an array of magnetic nanodots in the magnetic vortex state, and controlled by the magnetic history. This allows switching on and off the collective pinning of the flux-lattice. In addition, we observed field-induced superconductivity that originates from the annihilation of flux quanta induced by the stray fields from the magnetic vortices.
description: PDF file 18 pages including 5 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
Photon Bubbles and the Vertical Structure of Accretion Disks
Creators: name: Begelman, Mitchell C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the effects of "photon bubble" shock trains on the vertical structure of radiation pressure-dominated accretion disks. These density inhomogeneities are expected to develop spontaneously in radiation-dominated accretion disks where magnetic pressure exceeds gas pressure, even in the presence of magnetorotational instability. They increase the rate at which radiation escapes from the disk, and may allow disks to exceed the Eddington limit by a substantial factor. We first generalize the theory of photon bubbles to include the effects of finite optical depths and radiation damping. Modifications to the diffusion law at low optical depth tend to fill in the low-density regions of photon bubbles, while radiation damping inhibits the formation of photon bubbles at large radii, small accretion rates, and small heights above the equatorial plane. Accretion disks dominated by photon bubble transport may reach luminosities of 10 to >100 times the Eddington limit (L_E), depending on the mass of the central object, while remaining geometrically thin. However, photon bubble-dominated disks with alpha-viscosity are subject to the same thermal and viscous instabilities that plague standard radiation pressure-dominated disks, suggesting that they may be intrinsically unsteady. Photon bubbles can lead to a "core-halo" vertical disk structure. In super-Eddington disks the halo forms the base of a wind, which carries away substantial energy and mass, but not enough to prevent the luminosity from exceeding L_E. Photon bubble-dominated disks may have smaller color corrections than standard accretion disks of the same luminosity. They remain viable contenders for some ultraluminous X-ray sources and may play a role in the rapid growth of supermassive black holes at high redshift.
description: 38 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal