cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Poroelastic modeling of soap hole formation
Creators: name: Reid, Sarah Marie
Publisher: name: Science
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Geology

description: Soap holes were first identified >50 years ago as areas of localized surface weakness characterized by a thin and fragile crust covering liquefied sand, silt, clay, and water. It was hypothesized that their morphology is tied to discharge regions, where groundwater is moving upward to the ground surface through unconsolidated sediment. Soap holes are ubiquitous features across the prairies and manifest as either mounds or flat surface expressions underlain by liquefied mud. They range in diameter from less than 1-m to 10s of meters and can reach up to several meters in depth. Due to their thin and fragile crust, they pose a risk to farming equipment and livestock, with several farmers reporting loss of cattle and extensive portions of land that are no longer farmable. Previous work has provided hydrological and geochemical constraints to create a conceptual model for soap hole formation. In this conceptual model, pressurized water from a confined aquifer travels upward through preferential flow paths in glacial till to a lacustrine deposit at the ground surface. There, the combined effects of increased fluid pressure and clay dispersion cause the soil to liquefy and form a soap hole. This study tests the conceptual model for soap hole formation by determining which parameters and processes impact the extent and volume of liquefaction in a 3-dimensional model using a steady state solution in COMSOL Multiphysics. In COMSOL, we employ Darcy’s Law, solid mechanics, and poroelasticity to successfully approximate a simplified version of the observed field data. Variations in hydraulic, elastic, and geometric parameters were explored to determine their impact on the volume of liquefaction in the model. The results provide insight into the conditions required for soap hole formation and serve to verify the conceptual model developed through field studies.
Additional file 1 of Correlation of peripheral CD4+GranzB+CTLs with disease severity in patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome
Creators: name: Wang, Qi
name: Che, Nan
name: Lu, Chengyin
name: Sun, Xiaoxuan
name: Wang, Yanyan
name: Wang, Qiang
name: Tan, Wenfeng
name: Zhou, Lanlan
name: Zhang, Xiaojun
name: Xu, Dong
name: Gu, Lei
name: Zhang, Miaojia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Sup Fig. 1. Elevated frequency of CD8+GranzB+CTLs and its correlation with ESSDAI and ESSPRI in pSS patients: (A) Percentage of CD8+GranzB+CTLs in pSS patients (n = 116) and HCs (n = 46). (B) Positive Correlation of the percentage of CD8+GranzB+CTLs frequency with ESSDAI and no correlation with ESSPRI in pSS patients. CD8+GranzB+CTLs: circulating CD8+GranzB+cytotoxic T cells; ESSDAI: European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) SS Disease Activity Index; pSS: primary SS; HC: healthy controls. *** p < 0.001. Sup Fig. 2. Higher percentage of CD8+GranzB+CTLs in pSS patients with extra-glandular manifestations (extra-GM): (A) The frequency of CD8+GranzB+CTLs in pSS patients with non-extra-GM (n = 55) and with extra-GM (n = 61);(B) The percentage of CD8+GranzB+CTLs in pSS patients with different number of extra-GM (non-extra-GM group n=55; one extra-GM group n=45; more than one extra-GM group n=16); (C) Comparisons of the pSS patients with non-extra-GM, the percentage of CD8+GranzB+CTLs in pSS patients with different types of extra-GM (non-extra-GM group n=55; ILD group n=17; Purpura group n=5; PAH group n=5; Liver disfunction group n=3;Renal disease group n=9; Arthritis group n=5; Glandular swelling group n=3; Hypocutosis group n=29). *** p < 0.001, ** p < 0.01, * p < 0.05, ns: no significance. Sup Table 1. Correlation of the percentage of CD8+ GranzB+CTLs between pSS patients with laboratory values (quantitative data). Sup Table 2. Comparison of the percentage of CD8+ GranzB+CTLs between pSS patients with laboratory values (categorical data).
Understanding and Addressing Barriers to Indigenous Learners in Business and Accounting Studies
Creators: name: Andrews, Cyril Robert
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Indigenous
subject: barriers
subject: Indigenous peoples
subject: First Nation
subject: Inuit
subject: Métis
subject: post-secondary education
subject: accounting
subject: business
subject: business education
subject: systemic barriers
subject: racism
subject: lateral violence
subject: anti-Indigenous stigma
subject: CPA
subject: Chartered Professional Accountants
subject: systemic racism
subject: institutional racism
subject: Indigenous values
subject: Accounting
subject: Business Administration--Management
subject: Education--Business

description: This research addresses a significant gap in understanding the barriers Indigenous peoples face as they pursue business and accounting disciplines at the post-secondary level. Using structured interviews and content analysis, the study explored barriers and means the learners used and opined to remove or reduce those barriers. In addition, the research offers policy recommendations, including but not limited to the accounting profession, to address these challenges. The research also examines Indigenous peoples’ attitudes toward the accounting and business profession. This practical approach, with application to the accounting profession, bridges the practitioner-scholar gap noted in extant research. The findings suggest that the challenges are complex and interconnected and are deeply socialized in the fabric of Canada through societal biases and structural impediments within institutions that directly result from government policy, reserves, and residential schools. The research highlights issues not previously identified in the literature, including lateral violence and anti-business stigma within the Indigenous community as well as identifying an ontological reductionist fallacy of grouping dissimilar peoples together and forming policy as programs as though these groups were homogenous. Moreover, the colonial legacy, legislative and regulatory environments create a unique context for the study. It concludes that the nature of the problem may best be understood as a “wicked problem” and that collaborative approaches are likely the most suited to addressing the identified barriers. A conceptual co-evolutionary framework is proposed to relate the various barriers, structural impediments, and resulting barriers to business education specifically but also to post-secondary education generally.
Atoms Talking to SQUIDs
Creators: name: Hoffman, J. E.
name: Grover, J. A.
name: Kim, Z.
name: Wood, A. K.
name: Anderson, J. R.
name: Dragt, A. J.
name: Hafezi, M.
name: Lobb, C. J.
name: Orozco, L. A.
name: Rolston, S. L.
name: Taylor, J. M.
name: Vlahacos, C. P.
name: Wellstood, F. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a scheme to couple trapped $^{87}$Rb atoms to a superconducting flux qubit through a magnetic dipole transition. We plan to trap atoms on the evanescent wave outside an ultrathin fiber to bring the atoms to less than 10 $μ$m above the surface of the superconductor. This hybrid setup lends itself to probing sources of decoherence in superconducting qubits. Our current plan has the intermediate goal of coupling the atoms to a superconducting LC resonator.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures, Quantum Optics V (QOV V) conference proceedings
2023: High Dose Light Activated PRP the New Stem Cell Therapy
Creators: name: Drake, Walter P
name: Hicks, Sr., Laurence V.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Regenerative medicine (incl. stem cells)

description: The Authors present a Table comparison of growth factors and cytokines found in Adipose Tissue, Stromal Vascular Fraction (SVF soluble fraction), Platelet Rich Plasma PRP, and Amniotic Fluid. It is proposed that since PRP contains nearly identical known growth factors and cytokines to SVF, that the same therapeutic effects that have been detailed for SVF can also be achieved with High Dose Light Activated PRP without the need for liposuction and at a much reduced cost
Additional file 1 of Efficacy and safety of PD-1 inhibitors in recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients after failure of platinum-containing regimens: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Luo, Jian
name: Xiao, Wanying
name: Hua, Fengyang
name: Cao, Yanqing
name: Wang, Dongxia
name: Wang, Xicheng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1
WIMP diffusion in the solar system including solar WIMP-nucleon scattering
Creators: name: Sivertsson, Sofia
name: Edsjo, Joakim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark matter in the form of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) can be captured by the Sun and the Earth, sink to their cores, annihilate and produce neutrinos that can be searched for with neutrino telescopes. The calculation of the capture rates of WIMPs in the Sun and especially the Earth are affected by large uncertainties coming mainly from effects of the planets in the Solar System, reducing the capture rates by up to an order of magnitude (or even more in some cases). We show that the WIMPs captured by weak scatterings in the Sun also constitute an important bound WIMP population in the Solar System. Taking this population and its interplay with the population bound through gravitational diffusion into account cancel the planetary effects on the capture rates, and the capture essentially proceeds as if the Sun and the Earth were free in the galactic halo. The neutrino signals from the Sun and the Earth are thus significantly higher than claimed in the scenarios with reduced capture rates.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, slightly extended, matches published version
Quantum Dot Photoactivation: Mechanisms of Photostability of InP/ZnS Core/Shell Quantum Dots
Creators: name: Sikkema, Toni
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Dot
subject: Photoactivation
subject: Photostability
subject: Nanoparticle
subject: Photobleaching
subject: Ligand
subject: Chemistry--Physical

description: Quantum dots are semiconductor nanocrystals that exhibit unique optical characteristics such as size tunability and broad absorption with applications in biomedical imaging and display technologies. Cadmium-based quantum dots have been widely used as the standard in commercial applications, but their toxic nature poses a significant challenge that needs to be addressed. Of particular interest is the study of indium-based quantum dots, due to their similar optical properties and lower toxicity. Before indium containing quantum dots can be used in optical and biological applications, we need to understand the complicated mechanisms behind their photostability. It has been observed that quantum dots can behave in unpredictable manners in response to light absorption, hindering their development. In this thesis, we add to the body of work surrounding the photostability of indium-based quantum dots, with a focus on their behavior in aqueous environment which is of relevance to their application in biological systems. We studied the photostability of InP/ZnS core/shell quantum dots in organic solvents where they are synthesized and expanded into aqueous environments through modification of the surface chemistry. Our findings show that the behavior of these quantum dots under light exposure depends on the solvent, presence of oxygen, and pH. We have also revealed that consideration of the surface ligand is important in the design of quantum dots. These results suggest that the interaction between quantum dots and light is complex and multi-mechanistic. While this study sheds light on the chemical interactions involved, further research is still necessary.
Barriers and Facilitators to the Implementation of a Decolonization Strategy for Staphylococcus aureus prior to Hip and Knee Arthroplasty in Alberta, Canada: A multi-methods study
Creators: name: Whelan, Lindsay Jane
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Epidemiology

description: Alberta recently implemented a decolonization strategy as part of the clinical care pathway prior to hip and knee replacements. The decolonization strategy includes three days of chlorohexidine gluconate (CHG) sponge baths and five days of mupirocin ointment (MO) intranasally twice daily leading up to surgery. Preoperative decolonization prior to hip and knee replacements reduces the incidence of surgical site infections (SSIs), but the effectiveness in Alberta is unknown. For a decolonization strategy to be effective, patients and clinic staff should adhere to the protocol and there should be no negative outcomes. We used multi-methods to assess the barriers and facilitators with a decolonization strategy by assessing patients and clinic staff compliance, and baseline prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to topical antibiotics. Using qualitative methods, semi-structured interviews and focus groups were used to understand clinic adherence with decolonization. Knowledge and understanding were central to implementation. When present, knowledge and understanding acted as a facilitator, when absent or inconsistent, it was a barrier to implementation. Using descriptive surveys, we analysed patient compliance with proportions of compliance, differences with compliance in urban versus rural clinics using logistic regression, and reasons for non-compliance with frequency counts. In our analysis, CHG sponges had a greater proportion of compliance compared to MO but not when CHG sponges and MO were used together. Patients in rural clinics had increased odds of compliance with three CHG sponges than urban clinics and males had increased odds of compliance with MO in urban locations. Common reasons for non-compliance included sponges not provided, patient forgot, and surgery date moved. To assess AMR to topical antibiotics, specimens from SSIs following hip or knee arthroplasty were collected (n=81) and 43 specimens were Staphylococcus-positive. Among these specimens, coagulase-negative staphylococci isolates carried resistance genes associated with CHG (n=10) and mupirocin (n=6). Our results indicate that while a decolonization strategy in Alberta has been successfully implemented, it could benefit from improvements with clinic and patient compliance. Furthermore, the prevalence of AMR to topical antibiotics will need to be continuously monitored for changes.
Steady Schrödinger cat state of a driven Ising chain
Creators: name: Camalet, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For short-range interacting systems, no Schrödinger cat state can be stable when their environment is in thermal equilibrium. We show, by studying a chain of two-level systems with nearest-neighbour Ising interactions, that this is possible when the surroundings consists of two heat reservoirs at different temperatures, or of a heat reservoir and a monochromatic field. The asymptotic state of the considered system can be a pure superposition of mesoscopically distinct states, the all-spin-up and all-spin-down states, at low temperatures. The main feature of our model leading to this result is the fact that the Hamiltonian of the chain and the dominant part of its coupling to the environment obey the same symmetry.
Non-Psychotropic cannabinoids attenuate visceral pain in colitis
Creators: name: Svendsen, Kristofer
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cannabis
subject: Cannabinoids
subject: Cannabidiol
subject: Cannabigerol
subject: Pain
subject: Colitis
subject: Neuroscience

description: The inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, are complex chronic diseases that affect an increasing proportion of the population. Abdominal pain is a major clinical symptom, but current treatments are limited and a source of frustration for patients, many of whom seek alternatives such as cannabis. Cannabis contains many compounds with therapeutic potential that do not have the prohibitive psychotropic effects of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). These non-psychotropic cannabinoids (npCBs) have a variety of effects including analgesia and anti-inflammatory actions and show potentiating effects when administered in combination. This project explored the analgesic effects of cannabichromene (CBC), cannabidiol (CBD), cannabidivarin (CBDV), and cannabigerol (CBG), individually and in combination, in the treatment of colitis-evoked visceral hypersensitivity use the acute dextran sulfate sodium model. Abdominal pain was quantified by electromyographic recordings of the reflexive contraction of the external oblique muscle in response to colorectal distension using an animal of experimental colitis. Activation of the spinal cord was assessed using immunohistochemistry to the neuronal activity marker c-Fos in neurons of the lumbosacral dorsal horn. A single injection intraperitoneal injection of 10 mg/kg of either CBD or CBG was found to reduce both nocifensive behaviors in the functional assay and c-Fos activity in spinal cord in animals with colitis. Similarly, a combination of npCBs consisting of 5 m/kg CBD with 1 m/kg each CBC, CBDV, and CBG—all sub-therapeutic dosages—reduced both measures to the level of untreated control animals. Investigations of mechanism of actions via whole-cell patchclamp electrophysiology of primary dorsal root ganglia neurons revealed CBD to act via a voltage-gated calcium channel with preliminary evidence indicating a high-voltage activated isoform. Preliminary data also suggest that the mixture of npCBs may act through a similar mechanism. These results suggest CBD, CBG, and a mixture of npCBs may be beneficial in managing pain associated with IBD.
A Renewed Ethic of Embodiment in the Community of Motherhood: On the Intersection of First-Time Maternity and Hermeneutics
Creators: name: Samuels, Sumerlee Eden
Publisher: name: Werklund School of Education
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: first-time motherhood
subject: good mother
subject: dominant maternal discourse
subject: alternative maternal discourse
subject: embodiment
subject: philosophical hermeneutics
subject: counselling psychology
subject: social construction
subject: community
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Education--Guidance and Counseling
subject: Education--Health
subject: Mental Health

description: What does it mean to be a “good” mother? This research focuses on the community of motherhood through the eyes of first-time (FT) mothers and is aimed at addressing the consequences, for newcomers to this community, of how we describe the goodness of a mother’s day-to-day labours. The main researched question is how might we understand embodied maternity and motherhood in a community whose members are always already measured and marked? To respond to this question, I used hermeneutic inquiry guided by Gadamer’s (1975/2004) philosophical hermeneutics. The pool of participants was comprised of 10 FT mothers, aged 29 to 43, who had joined the community of motherhood within the last 2 years. Participants engaged in audio-recorded interviews. Analysis of the data included reading transcripts and field notes, listening to recordings, journaling wonderings inspired by the interviews, reviewing drawings created by FT mothers, and consulting literature. Through this process, I distinguished tensions that are traditionally tough to traverse as a FT mother from which I created three interpretations that reveal how we might understand the notion of embodied maternity and motherhood. These interpretations included the ins and outs of muffled motherhood metrics, covering expectations for good mothers together with exceptions to expectations for good mothers; malleable mothering matters, covering good mothering doing(s) together with bad mothering doing(s); and manifested mothers’ manners, covering conventional mothering being(s) together with unconventional mothering being(s). Following a presentation of these interpretations, I discuss implications of the findings for theory, practice, and research.
The reactor mixing angle and CP violation with two texture zeros in the light of T2K
Creators: name: Ludl, P. O.
name: Morisi, S.
name: Peinado, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reconsider the phenomenological implications of two texture zeros in symmetric neutrino mass matrices in the light of the recent T2K result for the reactor angle and the new global analysis which gives also best fit values for the Dirac CP phase delta. The most important results of the analysis are: Among the viable cases classified by Frampton et al. only A1 and A2 predict the reactor mixing angle to be different from zero at 3 sigma. Furthermore these two cases are compatible only with a normal mass spectrum in the allowed region for the reactor angle. At the best fit value A1 and A2 predict 0.024 >= sin^2(theta13) >= 0.012 and 0.014 <= sin^2(theta13) <= 0.032, respectively, where the bounds on the right and the left correspond to cos(delta)=-1 and cos(delta)=1, respectively. The cases B1, B2, B3 and B4 predict nearly maximal CP violation, i.e. cos(delta) is approximately zero.
description: 16 pages, 13 figures, references added, version matches publication in Nucl. Phys. B
The Quiet-Sun Photosphere and Chromosphere
Creators: name: Rutten, Robert J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The overall structure and the fine structure of the solar photosphere outside active regions are largely understood, except possibly important roles of a turbulent near-surface dynamo at its bottom, internal gravity waves at its top, and small-scale vorticity. Classical 1D static radiation-escape modelling has been replaced by 3D time-dependent MHD simulations that come closer to reality. The solar chromosphere, in contrast, remains ill-understood although its pivotal role in coronal mass and energy loading makes it a principal research area. Its fine structure defines its overall structure, so that hard-to-observe and hard-to-model small-scale dynamical processes are the key to understanding. However, both chromospheric observation and chromospheric simulation presently mature towards the required sophistication. The open-field features seem of greater interest than the easier-to-see closed-field features.
description: Accepted for special issue "Astrophysical Processes on the Sun" of Phil. Trans. Royal Soc. A, ed. C. Parnell. Note: clicking on the year in a citation opens the corresponding ADS abstract page in the browser
Academic publishers and sharing humanities data: the interface between theory and practice
Creators: name: Cannon, Matthew
name: Grant, Rebecca
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: publishing
humanities
data sharing

description: Academic publishers and sharing humanities data: the interface between theory and practice. This paper will examine the role of academic publishers as an interface, specifically in their support of research data sharing by humanities scholars. The expectation for researchers to share the data underpinning their research findings originates from stakeholders including funders, publishers, institutions and research communities themselves. The motivations for this are broad and suggest that sharing associated materials will elevate the research in a number of ways - for example, increased openness, transparency, reproducibility, trust, impact and integrity. In creating research data sharing policies to support these aims and motivations, theoretical best practices can be translated to action, transforming research objects into publicly-shared, reusable datasets which evidence the claims made by their associated publications. Regarding the publication and the linking of research objects, publishers act as an interface between drafts and the Version of Record, by minting persistent identifiers and creating links between articles/chapters and other research material. They also provide an interface between best practice data sharing ideals and published data outputs: by providing both notional “gateways” which facilitate or prevent publication, and technical gateways to support data sharing practices. In adopting the role of an interface, we acknowledge the necessity to translate current journal data sharing requirements (often associated with life sciences journals) to policies which reflect the working practices of humanities scholars. These include, but are not limited to, different research methods, definitions of data, data collection practices, ownership and licensing of data, data life cycle and longevity, repository coverage and features, as well as cultural attitudes and sharing practices. Also understanding that while some of these ideas may seem to be straightforward or procedural, in reality they can be messy or fuzzy.
 We will also introduce the work of the Humanities Sub-Group of the STM Association’s Research Data program, currently composed of representatives from six global academic publishers, and discuss the topics that this group is currently addressing. These include collating definitions of “research data” in the humanities, identifying examples of the benefits of humanities data sharing, and developing resources to assist humanities scholars to comply with journal data policies and increase the impact of their research.
On the logic that preserves degrees of truth associated to involutive Stone algebras
Creators: name: Cantú, Liliana M.
name: Figallo, Martín
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Involutive Stone algebras (or {\bf S}--algebras) were introduced by R. Cignoli and M. Sagastume in connection to the theory of $n$-valued Łukasiewicz--Moisil algebras. In this work we focus on the logic that preserves degrees of truth associated to involutive Stone algebras, named {\bf \em Six}. This follows a very general pattern that can be considered for any class of truth structure endowed with an ordering relation, and which intends to exploit many--valuedness focusing on the notion of inference that results from preserving lower bounds of truth values, and hence not only preserving the value $1$. Among other things, we prove that {\bf \em Six} is a many--valued logic (with six truth values) that can be determined by a finite number of matrices (four matrices). Besides, we show that {\bf \em Six} is a paraconsistent logic. Moreover, we prove that it is a genuine LFI (Logic of Formal Inconsistency) with a consistency operator that can be defined in terms of the original set of connectives. Finally, we study the proof theory of {\bf \em Six} providing a Gentzen calculus for it, which is sound and complete with respect to the logic.
Discrete Exterior Geometry Approach to Structure-Preserving Discretization of Distributed-Parameter Port-Hamiltonian Systems
Creators: name: Seslija, Marko
name: van der Schaft, Arjan
name: Scherpen, Jacquelien M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper addresses the issue of structure-preserving discretization of open distributed-parameter systems with Hamiltonian dynamics. Employing the formalism of discrete exterior calculus, we introduce a simplicial Dirac structure as a discrete analogue of the Stokes-Dirac structure and demonstrate that it provides a natural framework for deriving finite-dimensional port-Hamiltonian systems that emulate their infinite-dimensional counterparts. The spatial domain, in the continuous theory represented by a finite-dimensional smooth manifold with boundary, is replaced by a homological manifold-like simplicial complex and its augmented circumcentric dual. The smooth differential forms, in discrete setting, are mirrored by cochains on the primal and dual complexes, while the discrete exterior derivative is defined to be the coboundary operator. This approach of discrete differential geometry, rather than discretizing the partial differential equations, allows to first discretize the underlying Stokes-Dirac structure and then to impose the corresponding finite-dimensional port-Hamiltonian dynamics. In this manner, a number of important intrinsically topological and geometrical properties of the system are preserved.
description: Journal of Geometry and Physics
Detection of new point sources in WMAP 7 year data using internal templates and needlets
Creators: name: Scodeller, Sandro
name: Hansen, Frode K.
name: Marinucci, Domenico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a new needlet based method to detect point sources in cosmic microwave background (CMB) maps and have applied it to the WMAP 7 year data. We use both the individual frequency channels as well as internal templates, the difference between pairs of frequency channels, with the advantage that the CMB component is eliminated. Using the area of the sky outside the Kq85 galactic mask, we detect a total of 2102 point sources at the $5σ$ level in either the frequency maps or the internal templates. Of these, 1116 are detected either at $5σ$ directly in the frequency channels or at $5σ$ in the internal templates and $\geq3σ$ at the corresponding position in the frequency channels. Of the 1116 sources, 603 are detections which have not been reported so far in WMAP data. We have made a catalogue of these sources available with position and flux estimated in the WMAP channels where they are seen. In total, we identified 1029 of the 1116 sources with counterparts at 5GHz and 69 at other frequencies.
description: Accepted version, added integral number counts, 29 pages (+16 pages for the catalogue),10 figures
Rapid prototyping of a programmable controller for digital microfluidic systems
Creators: name: Murran, Miguel Angel
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Digital microfluidic (DMF) devices can be used to perform complete chemical or biochemical analysis on miniscule droplets; thus they have the potential to replace large and expensive laboratory facilities. Droplets are manipulated on a DMF device by the application of electrical signals to an array of electrodes. Several droplet operations including transport, mixing, and splitting can be performed by the sequential timing of these electrical signals. However, the reliability and successful operation of a DMF device largely depend on improving its controller hardware and fabrication quality. A closed-loop controller uses feedback information to compensate for modeling and run-time uncertainties; thus the controller can improve the accuracy and robustness of droplet operations on a DMF device. In this thesis, a low cost and fully-customizable closed-loop controller is prototyped for DMF devices. This controller incorporates a calibration-free droplet position sensing technique capable of estimating the position of any type of droplet anywhere on a DMF device. The controller was simulated to evaluate its feasibility of improving the control of a droplet prior to prototyping. Simulation results demonstrate that unprecedented control over droplet position, velocity, and acceleration can be achieved with the proposed controller. In addition, these simulation observations revealed that pulse train actuation was feasible for controlling the incremental position, velocity, and acceleration of a droplet in a DMF device. Finally, a portable, low-cost closed-loop control system was built using off-the-shelf components. The proposed controller was integrated with a DMF device to experimentally demonstrate its potential of enhancing the control of droplet transport operations by sub-electrode droplet positioning. The prototyped controller can monitor and control the position of a droplet in real-time with an unparalleled degree of accuracy and repeatability. A final contribution was to optimize the fabrication process for a defect-free DMF device using basic microfabrication. The outcome of this research will allow for complete control over the droplet transport operation. This controller can also be used for more complex droplet operations including mixing and splitting droplets in DMF devices. In addition, the proposed closed-loop controller hardware can serve as a prototype development environment for promoting the commercialization of DMF technology.
Additional file 1 of What matters to you? Engaging with children in the James Lind Alliance Children’s Cancer Priority Setting Partnership
Creators: name: Aldiss, Susie
name: Hart-Spencer, Penelope
name: Langton, Loveday
name: Malik, Sonia
name: McEvoy, Keeley
name: Morgan, Jessica E.
name: Reed-Berendt, Rosa
name: Hollis, Rachel
name: Phillips, Bob
name: Gibson, Faith
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: GRIPP2 short form checklist.
Baseline soil gas characterization at a pilot CO2 injection site in Alberta, Canada
Creators: name: Riley, Dylan James Terence
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: stable isotopes
subject: soil gas
subject: geochemistry
subject: gas migration
subject: carbon storage
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: A baseline soil gas characterisation was performed on the upper 2.0 m of the CO2 and CH4 soil gas system at CMC’s Containment and Monitoring Institute, a geological CO2 storage field research station. Part of this characterisation was to investigate potential gas migration (GM) at the site’s infrastructure (wells and boreholes). Constant depth soil gas surveys following the endorsed methods outlined in the Alberta Energy Regulator's (2016) Directive-020 guideline were performed at six new wells, five legacy boreholes and three background locations at the site. Additionally, multi-level soil gas sampling surveys were conducted at four new wells and three background locations. Soil gas samples were analysed for CO2, N2, O2, CH4, ẟ13CCO2, and ẟ13CCH4. Soil gas surveys were conducted in the spring, summer and fall in 2017 and 2018. Additionally, SCVF was investigated at three new wells on site. The baseline soil gas characterisation concluded soil gas methane was likely sourced from the atmosphere and that there was no detectable GM present in the soil surrounding any of the site’s ground penetrations. However, GM was confirmed at one well during previous sampling in 2016, but its duration lasted less than one year. SCVF composed principally of methane (i.e. 7.4% to 97.3%) measured at three wells, was predominantly of biogenic origins with minor contributions from immature thermogenic methane. The SCVF at all three wells was sourced from the same zone, 195 m – 200 m bgs. The GM from the one well was noted as being of the same origins and source depth as the SCVF. The CO2 soil gas baseline conditions at the site demonstrated the CO2 was naturally sourced predominantly from biological respiration with minor inputs from methane oxidation. The baseline assessment found no evidence of exogenous CO2 in the soil gas system. Spatial (horizontal and vertical) and temporal (seasonal) variation in [CO2] and ẟ13CCO2 values across the site was demonstrated to be statistically significant. Ultimately, the baseline soil gas characterisation will be used to compare against future surveys to determine if CO2 leakage has occurred from the CO2 storage reservoir and migrated into the shallow vadose zone.
Effects of a Thermal Bath of Photons on Embedded String Stability
Creators: name: Karouby, Johanna
name: Brandenberger, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the corrections of thermal photons on the effective potential for the linear sigma model of QCD. Since we are interested in temperatures lower than the confinement temperature, we consider the scalar fields to be out of equilibrium. Two of the scalar field are uncharged while the other two are charged under the U(1) gauge symmetry of electromagnetism. We find that the induced thermal terms in the effective potential can stabilize the embedded pion string, a string configuration which is unstable in the vacuum. Our results are applicable in a more general context and demonstrate that embedded string configurations arising in a wider class of field theories can be stabilized by thermal effects. Another well-known example of an embedded string which can be stabilized by thermal effects is the electroweak Z-string. We discuss the general criteria for thermal stabilization of embedded defects.
description: 6 pages, formatting changed, a few typos corrected
Dead zone in the polar-cap accelerator of pulsars
Creators: name: Chen, Alexander Y.
name: Beloborodov, Andrei M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study plasma flows above pulsar polar caps using time-dependent simulations of plasma particles in the self-consistent electric field. The flow behavior is controlled by the dimensionless parameter alpha=(j/c rho_GJ) where j is the electric current density and rho_GJ is the Goldreich-Julian charge density. The region of the polar cap where 00). In the latter case, we consider the possibility of a mixed flow consisting of different ion species, and observe the development of two-stream instability. The dead zone at the polar cap is essential for the development of an outer gap near the null surface rho_GJ=0.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures, accepted to ApJ
Onset of non-diffusive phonon transport in transient thermal grating decay
Creators: name: Maznev, A. A.
name: Johnson, Jeremy A.
name: Nelson, Keith A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relaxation of a spatially sinusoidal temperature perturbation in a dielectric crystal at a temperature comparable to or higher than the Debye temperature is investigated theoretically. We assume that most phonons contributing to the specific heat have mean free path (MFP) much shorter than the thermal transport distance and can be described by the thermal diffusion model. Low-frequency phonons that may have MFP comparable to or longer than the grating period are described by the Boltzmann transport equation. These low-frequency phonons are assumed to interact with the thermal reservoir of high frequency phonons but not with each other. Within the single mode relaxation time approximation, an analytical expression for the thermal grating relaxation rate is obtained. We show that the contribution of "ballistic" phonons with long MFP to the effective thermal conductivity governing the grating decay is suppressed compared to their contribution to thermal transport at long distances. The reduction in the effective thermal conductivity in Si at room temperature is found to be significant at grating periods as large as 10 microns.
Onset of Irreversibility in Cyclic Shear of Granular Packings
Creators: name: Slotterback, Steven
name: Mailman, Mitch
name: Ronaszegi, Krisztian
name: van Hecke, Martin
name: Girvan, Michelle
name: Losert, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the onset of irreversibility in a dense granular medium subjected to cyclic shear in a split-bottom geometry. To probe the micro and mesoscale we image bead trajectories in 3D throughout a series of shear strain oscillations. Though beads lose and regain contact with neighbors during a cycle, the topology of the contact network exhibits reversible properties for small oscillation amplitudes. With increasing reversal amplitude a transition to an irreversible diffusive regime occurs.
Additional file 8: of Downregulation of miR-133a-3p promotes prostate cancer bone metastasis via activating PI3K/AKT signaling
Creators: name: Tang, Yubo
name: Pan, Jincheng
name: Huang, Shuai
name: Peng, Xinsheng
name: Zou, Xuenong
name: Luo, Yongxiang
name: Ren, Dong
name: Zhang, Xin
name: Li, Ronggang
name: He, Peiheng
name: Wa, Qingde
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Figure S2. Low expression of miR-133a-3p correlates with poor clinicopathological characteristics and progression-free survival in PCa patients. (A) miR-133a-3p expression levels in PCa tissues with different Gleason score as assessed by TCGA. (B) miR-133a-3p expression levels in PCa tissues with different tumor volume as assessed by TCGA. (C) miR-133a-3p expression levels in PCa tissues with different lymph node metastasis status as assessed by TCGA. (D) miR-133a-3p expression levels in PCa tissues with different distant metastasis status as assessed by TCGA. (E) Kaplan–Meier analysis of overall survival curves of PCa patients with high miR-133a-3p expression (n = 247) versus low miR-133a-3p expression (n = 247) as assessed by TCGA. (F) Kaplan–Meier analysis of progression-free survival curves of PCa patients with high miR-133a-3p expression (n = 228) versus low miR-133a-3p expression (n = 219) as assessed by TCGA. (PDF 247 kb)
Additional file 1 of Loneliness in the Norwegian adolescent population: prevalence trends and relations to mental and self-rated health
Creators: name: Parlikar, Nayan
name: Kvaløy, Kirsti
name: Strand, Linn Beate
name: Espnes, Geir Arild
name: Moksnes, Unni Karin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy
Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1
Possible lattice approach to B to D pi (K) matrix elements
Creators: name: Aubin, C.
name: Lin, C. -J. David
name: Soni, Amarjit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an approach for computing the real parts of the nonleptonic B to DP and B to D-bar P (P=K,pi) decay amplitudes by using lattice QCD methods. While it remains very challenging to calculate the imaginary parts of these matrix elements on the lattice, we stress that their real parts play a significant role in extracting the angle gamma in the b-d unitarity triangle of the CKM matrix. The real part on its own gives a lower bound to the absolute magnitude of the amplitude which is in itself an important constraint for determining gamma. Also the relevant phase can be obtained by using B-decays in conjunction with relevant charm decay data. Direct four-point function calculations on the lattice, while computationally demanding, does yield the real part as that is not impeded by the Maiani-Testa theorem. As an approximation, we argue that the chiral expansion of these decays is valid in a framework similar to that of hard-pion chiral perturbation theory. In addition to constructing the leading-order operators, we also discuss the features of the next-to-leading order chiral expansion. These include the contributions from the resonance states, as well as the generic forms of the chiral logarithms.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, minor clarifications added; version to be published in Physics Letters B
Nonequilibrium Kondo model: Crossover from weak to strong coupling
Creators: name: Pletyukhov, Mikhail
name: Schoeller, Herbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the nonequilibrium Kondo model at finite voltage and temperature by using a new formulation of the real-time renormalization group method with the Laplace variable as the flow parameter. We evaluate the energy-dependent spin relaxation rate and nonlinear conductance, and derive an approximate form for the universal line shape for the latter in the whole crossover regime from weak to strong coupling. The results are shown to agree well with exact methods in equilibrium, Fermi-liquid theory, weak-coupling expansions, and recent experiments. For the transient spin dynamics we find a universal exponential decay in the long-time limit along with a truncation-dependent pre-exponential power law. For multichannel models a pure power-law decay typical for non-Fermi-liquid behaviour is predicted.
description: 5 pages (paper) + 12 pages (supplementary material)
An Attractor for Natural Supersymmetry
Creators: name: Cohen, Timothy
name: Hook, Anson
name: Torroba, Gonzalo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an attractor mechanism which generates the "more minimal" supersymmetric standard model from a broad class of supersymmetry breaking boundary conditions. The hierarchies in the fermion masses and mixings are produced by the same dynamics and a natural weak scale results from gaugino mediation. These features arise from augmenting the standard model with a new SU(3) gauge group under which only the third generation quarks are charged. The theory flows to a strongly interacting fixed point which induces a negative anomalous dimension for the third generation quarks and a positive anomalous dimension for the Higgs. As a result, a split-family natural spectrum and the flavor hierarchies are dynamically generated.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures; v2 refs added; v3 journal version
Light Hadron Masses from Lattice QCD
Creators: name: Fodor, Zoltan
name: Hoelbling, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article reviews lattice QCD results for the light hadron spectrum. We give an overview of different formulations of lattice QCD, with discussions on the fermion doubling problem and improvement programs. We summarize recent developments in algorithms and analysis techniques, that render calculations with light, dynamical quarks feasible on present day computer resources. Finally, we summarize spectrum results for ground state hadrons and resonances using various actions.
description: 53 pages, 24 figures, one table; Rev.Mod.Phys. (published version); v2: corrected typo