cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The extreme properties of the nearby hyper-Eddington accreting Active Galactic Nucleus in IRAS 04416+1215
Creators: name: Tortosa, Alessia
name: Ricci, Claudio
name: Tombesi, Francesco
name: Ho, Luis C.
name: Du, Pu
name: Inayoshi, Kohei
name: Wang, Jian-Min
name: Shangguan, Jinyi
name: Li, Ruancun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The physical properties of the accretion flow and of the X-ray emitting plasma, in supermassive black holes accreting at extreme Eddington rates, are still very unclear. Here we present the analysis of simultaneous XMM-Newton and NuSTAR observations of the hyper-Eddington Seyfert 1 galaxy IRAS 04416+1215, carried out in 2020. The main goal of these observations is to investigate the properties of the X-ray corona, as well as the structure of the accretion flow and of the circumnuclear environment, in this regime of extreme accretion. IRAS 04416+1215 has one of the highest Eddington ratio ($λ_{\rm Edd}\simeq 472$) in the local Universe. It shows an interesting spectral shape, very similar to the standard Narrow Line Seyfert 1 galaxy's spectra, with the presence of multi-phase absorption structure composed of three phases, whose estimate of the minimum and maximum distances suggests two different interpretations, one consistent with the three X-ray winds being co-spatial, and possibly driven by magnetohydrodynamical processes, the other consistent with the multi-phase winds being also multi-scale. The X-ray spectrum of IRAS 04416+1215 also has a prominent soft excess component and a hard X-ray emission dominated by a reflection component. Moreover, our detailed spectral analysis shows that IRAS 04416+1215 has the lowest coronal temperature measured so far by NuSTAR ($kT_e=3-22$ keV, depending on the model). This is consistent with a hybrid coronal plasma, in which the primary continuum emission is driven by pair production due to high-energy tail of the energy distribution of non-thermal electrons.
Coupling gauge theory to spinfoam 3d quantum gravity
Creators: name: Speziale, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a spinfoam model for Yang-Mills theory coupled to quantum gravity in three dimensional riemannian spacetime. We define the partition function of the coupled system as a power series in g_0^2 G that can be evaluated order by order using grasping rules and the recoupling theory. With respect to previous attempts in the literature, this model assigns the dynamical variables of gravity and Yang-Mills theory to the same simplices of the spinfoam, and it thus provides transition amplitudes for the spin network states of the canonical theory. For SU(2) Yang-Mills theory we show explicitly that the partition function has a semiclassical limit given by the Regge discretization of the classical Yang-Mills action.
description: 18 pages
Supplementary Information from Kin relationships in cultural species of the marine realm: case study of a matrilineal social group of sperm whales off Mauritius island, Indian Ocean
Creators: name: Francois Sarano
name: Girardet, Justine
name: Sarano, Véronique
name: Vitry, Hugues
name: Preud'homme, Axel
name: Heuzey, René
name: Cegarra, Ana Maria Garcia
name: Madon, Bénédicte
name: Delfour, Fabienne
name: Glotin, Hervé
name: Adam, Olivier
name: Jung, Jean-Luc
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Supplementary Figure S1, and supplementary tables S1-S7
Can one control systematic errors of QCD sum rule predictions for bound states?
Creators: name: Lucha, Wolfgang
name: Melikhov, Dmitri
name: Simula, Silvano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the possibility to control systematic errors of the ground-state parameters obtained by Shifman-Vainshtein-Zakharov (SVZ) sum rules, making use of the harmonic-oscillator potential model as an example. In this case, one knows the exact solution for the polarization operator, which allows one to obtain both the OPE to any order and the parameters (masses and decay constants) of the bound states. We determine the parameters of the ground state making use of the standard procedures of the method of QCD sum rules, and compare the obtained results with the known exact values. We show that in the situation when the continuum contribution to the polarization operator is not known and is modelled by an effective continuum, the method of sum rules does not allow to control the systematic errors of the extracted ground-state parameters.
description: RevTex, 7 pages, figure 4 modified, version to be published in Phys. Lett. B
Overview of ADoBo 2021: Automatic Detection of Unassimilated Borrowings in the Spanish Press
Creators: name: Mellado, Elena Álvarez
name: Anke, Luis Espinosa
name: Arroyo, Julio Gonzalo
name: Lignos, Constantine
name: Zamorano, Jordi Porta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper summarizes the main findings of the ADoBo 2021 shared task, proposed in the context of IberLef 2021. In this task, we invited participants to detect lexical borrowings (coming mostly from English) in Spanish newswire texts. This task was framed as a sequence classification problem using BIO encoding. We provided participants with an annotated corpus of lexical borrowings which we split into training, development and test splits. We received submissions from 4 teams with 9 different system runs overall. The results, which range from F1 scores of 37 to 85, suggest that this is a challenging task, especially when out-of-domain or OOV words are considered, and that traditional methods informed with lexicographic information would benefit from taking advantage of current NLP trends.
description: Post-print. Original version at Procesamiento del Lenguaje Natural 67 (2021), p. 277-285
A Flexible Method of Estimating Luminosity Functions
Creators: name: Kelly, Brandon C.
name: Fan, Xiaohui
name: Vestergaard, Marianne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a Bayesian approach to estimating luminosity functions. We derive the likelihood function and posterior probability distribution for the luminosity function, given the observed data, and we compare the Bayesian approach with maximum-likelihood by simulating sources from a Schechter function. For our simulations confidence intervals derived from bootstrapping the maximum-likelihood estimate can be too narrow, while confidence intervals derived from the Bayesian approach are valid. We develop our statistical approach for a flexible model where the luminosity function is modeled as a mixture of Gaussian functions. Statistical inference is performed using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods, and we describe a Metropolis-Hastings algorithm to perform the MCMC. The MCMC simulates random draws from the probability distribution of the luminosity function parameters, given the data, and we use a simulated data set to show how these random draws may be used to estimate the probability distribution for the luminosity function. In addition, we show how the MCMC output may be used to estimate the probability distribution of any quantities derived from the luminosity function, such as the peak in the space density of quasars. The Bayesian method we develop has the advantage that it is able to place accurate constraints on the luminosity function even beyond the survey detection limits, and that it provides a natural way of estimating the probability distribution of any quantities derived from the luminosity function, including those that rely on information beyond the survey detection limits.
description: 26 pages, 13 figures, emulateapj format, accepted by ApJ. An IDL computer routine is available from B. Kelly for implementing our technique of estimating luminosity functions
Ab initio Study of Misfit Dislocations at the SiC/Si(001) Interface
Creators: name: Cicero, Giancarlo
name: Pizzagalli, Laurent
name: Catellani, Alessandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The high lattice mismatched SiC/Si(001) interface was investigated by means of combined classical and ab initio molecular dynamics. Among the several configurations analyzed, a dislocation network pinned at the interface was found to be the most efficient mechanism for strain relief. A detailed description of the dislocation core is given, and the related electronic properties are discussed for the most stable geometry: we found interface states localized in the gap that may be a source of failure of electronic devices.
Adiabatic approximation with exponential accuracy for many-body systems and quantum computation
Creators: name: Lidar, D. A.
name: Rezakhani, A. T.
name: Hamma, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a version of the adiabatic theorem that is especially suited for applications in adiabatic quantum computation, where it is reasonable to assume that the adiabatic interpolation between the initial and final Hamiltonians is controllable. Assuming that the Hamiltonian is analytic in a finite strip around the real time axis, that some number of its time-derivatives vanish at the initial and final times, and that the target adiabatic eigenstate is non-degenerate and separated by a gap from the rest of the spectrum, we show that one can obtain an error between the final adiabatic eigenstate and the actual time-evolved state which is exponentially small in the evolution time, where this time itself scales as the square of the norm of the time-derivative of the Hamiltonian, divided by the cube of the minimal gap.
description: 22 pages, 2 figures. Supersedes arXiv:0804.0604. v2: some corrections, new remarks, and a new subsection on the adiabatic theorem for open systems. v3: additional corrections
Pulsar Kicks With Modified URCA and Electrons in Landau Levels
Creators: name: Henley, Ernest M.
name: Johnson, Mikkel B.
name: Kisslinger, Leonard S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the energy asymmetry given the proto-neutron star during the time when the neutrino sphere is near the surface of the proto-neutron star, using the modified URCA process. The electrons produced with the anti-neutrinos are in Landau levels due to the strong magnetic field, and this leads to asymmetry in the neutrino momentum, and a pulsar kick. The magnetic field must be strong enough for a large fraction of the eletrons to be in the lowest Landau level, however, there is no direct dependence of our pulsar velocity on the strength of the magnetic field. Our main prediction is that the large pulsar kicks start at about 10 s and last for about 10 s, with the corresponding neutrinos correlated in the direction of the magnetic field. We predict a pulsar velocity of 1.03 $\times 10^{-4} (T/10^{10}K)^7$ km/s, which reaches 1000 km/s if T $\simeq 9.96 \times 10^{10}$ K.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
The Atomic to Molecular Transition in Galaxies. I: An Analytic Approximation for Photodissociation Fronts in Finite Clouds
Creators: name: Krumholz, Mark R.
name: McKee, Christopher F.
name: Tumlinson, Jason
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this series of papers we study the structure of the atomic to molecular transition in the giant atomic-molecular complexes that are the repositories of most molecular gas in galaxies, with the ultimate goal of attaining a better understanding of what determines galaxies' molecular content. Here we derive an approximate analytic solution for the structure of a photodissociation region (PDR) in a cloud of finite size that is bathed in an external dissociating radiation field. Our solution extends previous work, which with few exceptions has been restricted to a one-dimensional treatment of the radiation field. We show that our analytic results compare favorably to exact numerical calculations in the one-dimensional limit. However, our more general geometry provides a more realistic representation than a semi-infinite slab for atomic-molecular complexes exposed to the interstellar radiation field, particularly in environments such as low-metallicity dwarf galaxies where the curvature and finite size of the atomic envelope cannot be neglected. For clouds that are at least 20% molecular we obtain analytic expressions for the molecular fraction in terms of properties of the gas and radiation field that are accurate to tens of percent, while for clouds of lower molecular content we obtain upper limits. As a side benefit, our analysis helps clarify when self-shielding is the dominant process in H_2 formation, and under what circumstances shielding by dust makes a significant contribution.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures, emulateapj style, accepted to ApJ. Discussion slightly changed from previous version, and some new analytic approximations added. Underlying results unchanged
High and Low Dimensions in The Black Hole Negative Mode
Creators: name: Asnin, Vadim
name: Gorbonos, Dan
name: Hadar, Shahar
name: Kol, Barak
name: Levi, Michele
name: Miyamoto, Umpei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The negative mode of the Schwarzschild black hole is central to Euclidean quantum gravity around hot flat space and for the Gregory-Laflamme black string instability. We analyze the eigenvalue as a function of space-time dimension by constructing two perturbative expansions: one for large d and the other for small d-3, and determining as many coefficients as we are able to compute analytically. Joining the two expansions we obtain an interpolating rational function accurate to better than 2% through the whole range of dimensions including d=4.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures. v2: added reference. v3: published version
H\to hh in the Mirror Model at the CERN Large Hadron Collider
Creators: name: Li, Wen-sheng
name: Yin, Peng-fei
name: Zhu, Shou-hua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Higgs sector may play an important role in detecting the mirror particles, which can be the candidates of the dark matter and appear as missing energy in the detectors at the LHC. In this paper we worked out the Higgs boson spectrum and the Higgs couplings for the symmetric vacuum, namely $v_1=v_2=v$, in the mirror model, and investigated the constraints from electro-weak precision observable (EWPO). Our study showed that the EWPO has already constrained the Higgs boson sector severely. We then explored the Higgs boson phenomenology, and focused on the scenario that the heavier Higgs boson $H$ can decay into a pair of lighter Higgs boson $h$. We proposed to study the invisible decay of the Higgs boson via the pair production of them, in which one Higgs boson decays into bottom quarks and the other decays invisibly. Our detail simulation for signals and backgrounds showed that the observation of signal can reach $5σ$ significance for $m_H=260$ GeV and $m_h=115$ GeV with $10 fb^{-1}$integrated luminosity at the LHC. Moreover the possible method to further suppress dominant $Zb\bar{b}$ background was discussed. We also simulated the signals and backgrounds for $H \to h h \to 4b$. Our results showed that it is very difficult to isolate the signals from huge QCD continuum backgrounds.
description: 9 pages, revtex4, typo corrected
A construction of Frobenius manifolds with logarithmic poles and applications
Creators: name: Reichelt, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32G34, 32G20

description: A construction theorem for Frobenius manifolds with logarithmic poles is established. This is a generalization of a theorem of Hertling and Manin. As an application we prove a generalization of the reconstruction theorem of Kontsevich and Manin for projective smooth varieties with convergent Gromov-Witten potential. A second application is a construction of Frobenius manifolds out of a variation of polarized Hodge structures which degenerates along a normal crossing divisor when certain generation conditions are fulfilled.
description: 46 pages
Transient Astrophysical Pulses and Quantum Gravity
Creators: name: Kavic, Michael
name: Minic, Djordje
name: Simonetti, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Searches for transient astrophysical pulses could open an exciting new window into the fundamental physics of quantum gravity. In particular, an evaporating primordial black hole in the presence of an extra dimension can produce a detectable transient pulse. Observations of such a phenomenon can in principle explore the electroweak energy scale, indicating that astrophysical probes of quantum gravity can successfully complement the exciting new physics expected to be discovered in the near future at the Large Hadron Collider.
description: 7 pages, This essay received an honorable mention in the Gravity Research Foundation Essay Competition, 2008
Chirality Induced Propagation Velocity Asymmetry
Creators: name: Hoff, Diego A.
name: Rego, Luis G. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin-dependent propagation of electrons in helical nanowires is investigated. We show that the interplay of spin angular momentum and nanowire chirality, under spin-orbit interaction, lifts the symmetry between left and right propagating electrons, giving rise to a velocity asymmetry. The study is based on a microscopic tight-binding model that takes into account the spin-orbit interaction. The continuity equation for the spin-dependent probability density is derived, including the spin non-conserving terms, and quantum dynamics calculations are performed to obtain the electron propagating dynamics. The calculations are applied to the inorganic double-helix SnIP, a quasi-1D material that constitutes a semiconductor with a band gap of ~ 1.9 eV. The results, nevertheless, have general validity due to symmetry considerations. The relation of the propagation velocity asymmetry with the phenomena ascribed to the chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect is examined.
Theory of single atom manipulation with a scanning probe tip: Force signatures, constant-height, and constant-force scans
Creators: name: Pizzagalli, Laurent
name: Baratoff, Alexis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report theoretical results predicting the atomic manipulation of a silver atom on a Si(001) surface by a scanning probe tip, and providing insight into the manipulation phenomena. A molecular mechanics technique has been used, the system being described by a quantum chemistry method for the short-range interactions and an analytical model for the long-range ones. Taking into account several shapes, orientations, and chemical natures of the scanning tip, we observed four different ways to manipulate the deposited atom in a constant-height mode. In particular, the manipulation is predicted to be possible with a Si(111) tip for different tip shapes and adatom locations on the silicon surface. The calculation of the forces during the manipulation revealed that specific variations can be associated with each kind of process. These force signatures, such as the tip height signatures observed in scanning tunneling microscope experiments, could be used to deduce the process involved in an experiment. Finally, we present preliminary results about the manipulation in constant-force mode.
Dissociation of quarkonium in hot QCD medium: Modification of the inter-quark potential
Creators: name: Agotiya, Vineet
name: Chandra, Vinod
name: Patra, Binoy Krishna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the dissociation of heavy quarkonium states in a hot QCD medium by investigating the medium modifications to a heavy quark potential. Our model shows that in-medium modification causes the screening of the charge in contrast to the screening of the range of the potential. We have then employed the medium-modified potential to estimate the dissociation pattern of the charmonium and bottomonium states and also explore how the pattern changes as we go from the perturbative to nonperturbative domain in the Debye mass. The results are in good agreement with the other current theoretical works both from the spectral function analysis and the potential model study.
description: Revised version, Revtex4, Accepted for publication in Physical Review C
Poisson Nernst-Planck Model of Ion Current Rectification through a Nanofluidic Diode
Creators: name: Constantin, D.
name: Siwy, Z. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated ion current rectification properties of a recently prepared bipolar nanofluidic diode. This device is based on a single conically shaped nanopore in a polymer film whose pore walls contain a sharp boundary between positively and negatively charged regions. A semi-quantitative model that employs Poisson and Nernst-Plank equations predicts current-voltage curves as well as ionic concentrations and electric potential distributions in this system. We show that under certain conditions the rectification degree, defined as a ratio of currents recorded at the same voltage but opposite polarities, can reach values of over a 1000 at a voltage range . The role of thickness and position of the transition zone on the ion current rectification is discussed as well. We also show that rectification degree scales with the applied voltage.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures
Attitudes of a selected population of community health nurses toward parents or guardians who physically abuse children
Creators: name: Murphy, Norma Jean
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A replication of Reilly's study (1980) was conducted in order to describe the attitudes of community health nurses who work with parents and children toward child abusers; to determine the relationship between the attitudes of the community health nurses and selected social and professional variables; to compare the attitudes of these nurses to the attitudes of the registered nurses studied by Reilly (1980); to compare the attitudes of the community health nurses in the randomly selected group with the attitudes of the community health nurses in the convenience group; and last, to describe the data presented by the community health nurses in regard to their experiences with child abuse. The population consisted of community health nurses. One sample population of one hundred and fifty-seven subjects was randomly selected from the community health nurses employed by the British Columbia Ministry of Health. A second sample population of fifteen subjects was self-selected from the community health nurses employed in two of the Health Units of Metropolitan Health Services of Greater Vancouver. The attitudes of the community health nurses toward child abusers were measured by a Likert-type Attitudinal Instrument developed by Reilly (1980). Information regarding the selected social and professional variables was obtained by a biographical data sheet also developed by Reilly (1980). Data regarding the community health nurses' experiences with child abuse were collected by open-ended questions. The correlated data from the attitude scores and the background data sheet were analyzed through the process of inferential analysis and descriptive statistics. Data regarding the subjects' experiences with child abuse were summarized by the process of content analysis and descriptive statistics. The results of the study revealed that the community health nurses' attitudes toward child abusers were more favorable than unfavorable. This finding substantiated Reilly's (1980) finding regarding registered nurses' attitudes toward child abusers. In addition, it was shown that the variable, whether the subjects have seen an abused child, significantly affected the attitude scores of the community health nurses in the randomly selected group. The study did not support Reilly's (1980) findings that the subjects' present level of education and whether the subjects have met an abusing parent or detected a case of child abuse significantly affected the attitude scores. The study also found that community health nurses experience a multitude of frustrations in the management of child abuse. In addition, it was found that a significant percentage of the nurses expressed a need for further instruction regarding the treatment of child abuse.
HUVAYDO IJODINING O'RGANILISH TARIXIDAN
Creators: name: Eshkuziyeva, Hilola
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Ushbu maqolada Xo‘janazar Huvaydo ijodining G‘arb va Sharq olimlari tomonidan olib borilgan tadqiqotlar haqida so‘z yuritiladi.
Variability-selected active galactic nuclei from supernova search in the Chandra deep field south
Creators: name: Trevese, D.
name: Boutsia, K.
name: Vagnetti, F.
name: Cappellaro, E.
name: Puccetti, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Variability is a property shared by virtually all active galactic nuclei (AGNs), and was adopted as a criterion for their selection using data from multi epoch surveys. Low Luminosity AGNs (LLAGNs) are contaminated by the light of their host galaxies, and cannot therefore be detected by the usual colour techniques. For this reason, their evolution in cosmic time is poorly known. Consistency with the evolution derived from X-ray detected samples has not been clearly established so far, also because the low luminosity population consists of a mixture of different object types. LLAGNs can be detected by the nuclear optical variability of extended objects. Several variability surveys have been, or are being, conducted for the detection of supernovae (SNe). We propose to re-analyse these SNe data using a variability criterion optimised for AGN detection, to select a new AGN sample and study its properties. We analysed images acquired with the wide field imager at the 2.2 m ESO/MPI telescope, in the framework of the STRESS supernova survey. We selected the AXAF field centred on the Chandra Deep Field South where, besides the deep X-ray survey, various optical data exist, originating in the EIS and COMBO-17 photometric surveys and the spectroscopic database of GOODS. We obtained a catalogue of 132 variable AGN candidates. Several of the candidates are X-ray sources. We compare our results with an HST variability study of X-ray and IR detected AGNs, finding consistent results. The relatively high fraction of confirmed AGNs in our sample (60%) allowed us to extract a list of reliable AGN candidates for spectroscopic follow-up observations.
description: language revised, table reformatted. To Appear on A&A
Measuring and Explaining the Inter-Cluster Reliability of Multidimensional Projections
Creators: name: Jeon, Hyeon
name: Ko, Hyung-Kwon
name: Jo, Jaemin
name: Kim, Youngtaek
name: Seo, Jinwook
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose Steadiness and Cohesiveness, two novel metrics to measure the inter-cluster reliability of multidimensional projection (MDP), specifically how well the inter-cluster structures are preserved between the original high-dimensional space and the low-dimensional projection space. Measuring inter-cluster reliability is crucial as it directly affects how well inter-cluster tasks (e.g., identifying cluster relationships in the original space from a projected view) can be conducted; however, despite the importance of inter-cluster tasks, we found that previous metrics, such as Trustworthiness and Continuity, fail to measure inter-cluster reliability. Our metrics consider two aspects of the inter-cluster reliability: Steadiness measures the extent to which clusters in the projected space form clusters in the original space, and Cohesiveness measures the opposite. They extract random clusters with arbitrary shapes and positions in one space and evaluate how much the clusters are stretched or dispersed in the other space. Furthermore, our metrics can quantify pointwise distortions, allowing for the visualization of inter-cluster reliability in a projection, which we call a reliability map. Through quantitative experiments, we verify that our metrics precisely capture the distortions that harm inter-cluster reliability while previous metrics have difficulty capturing the distortions. A case study also demonstrates that our metrics and the reliability map 1) support users in selecting the proper projection techniques or hyperparameters and 2) prevent misinterpretation while performing inter-cluster tasks, thus allow an adequate identification of inter-cluster structure.
description: IEEE Transactions of Visualization and Computer Graphics (TVCG, Proc. VIS 2021), to appear
Impact of relativistic jets on the star formation rate: a turbulence-regulated framework
Creators: name: Mandal, Ankush
name: Mukherjee, Dipanjan
name: Federrath, Christoph
name: Nesvadba, Nicole P. H.
name: Bicknell, Geoffrey V.
name: Wagner, Alexander Y.
name: Meenakshi, Moun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply a turbulence-regulated model of star formation to calculate the star formation rate (SFR) of dense star-forming clouds in simulations of jet-ISM interactions. The method isolates individual clumps and accounts for the impact of virial parameter and Mach number of the clumps on the star formation activity. This improves upon other estimates of the SFR in simulations of jet--ISM interactions, which are often solely based on local gas density, neglecting the impact of turbulence. We apply this framework to the results of a suite of jet-ISM interaction simulations to study how the jet regulates the SFR both globally and on the scale of individual star-forming clouds. We find that the jet strongly affects the multi-phase ISM in the galaxy, inducing turbulence and increasing the velocity dispersion within the clouds. This causes a global reduction in the SFR compared to a simulation without a jet. The shocks driven into clouds by the jet also compress the gas to higher densities, resulting in local enhancements of the SFR. However, the velocity dispersion in such clouds is also comparably high, which results in a lower SFR than would be observed in galaxies with similar gas mass surface densities and without powerful radio jets. We thus show that both local negative and positive jet feedback can occur in a single system during a single jet event, and that the star-formation rate in the ISM varies in a complicated manner that depends on the strength of the jet-ISM coupling and the jet break-out time-scale.
description: Published in MNRAS
Undissociated screw dislocations in silicon: calculations of core structure and energy
Creators: name: Pizzagalli, Laurent
name: Beauchamp, Pierre
name: Rabier, Jacques
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stability of the perfect screw dislocation in silicon has been investigated using both classical potentials and first-principles calculations. Although a recent study by Koizumi et al . stated that the stable screw dislocation was located in both the 'shuffle' and the 'glide' sets of {111} planes, it is shown that this result depends on the classical potential used, and that the most stable configuration belongs to the 'shuffle' set only, in the centre of one hexagon. We also investigated the stability of an sp 2 hybridization in the core of the dislocation, obtained for one metastable configuration in the 'glide' set. The core structures are characterized in several ways, with a description of the three-dimensional structure, differential displacement maps and derivatives of the disregistry.
Uncertainties in the pasta-phase properties of catalysed neutron stars
Creators: name: Thi, H. Dinh
name: Carreau, T.
name: Fantina, A. F.
name: Gulminelli, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interior of a neutron star is expected to exhibit different states of matter. In particular, complex non-spherical configurations known as `pasta' phases may exist at the highest densities in the inner crust, potentially having an impact on different neutron-star phenomena. We study the properties of the pasta phase and the uncertainties in the pasta observables which are due to our incomplete knowledge of the nuclear energy functional. To this aim, we employed a compressible liquid-drop model approach with surface parameters optimised either on experimental nuclear masses or theoretical calculations. To assess the model uncertainties, we performed a Bayesian analysis by largely varying the model parameters using uniform priors, and generating posterior distributions with filters accounting for both our present low-density nuclear physics knowledge and high-density neutron-star physics constraints. Our results show that the nuclear physics constraints, such as the neutron-matter equation of state at very low density and the experimental mass measurements, are crucial in determining the crustal and pasta observables. Accounting for all constraints, we demonstrate that the presence of pasta phases is robustly predicted in an important fraction of the inner crust. We estimate the relative crustal thickness associated with pasta phases as $R_{\rm pasta}/R_{\rm crust}=0.128\pm 0.047$ and the relative moment of inertia as $I_{\rm pasta}/I_{\rm crust}=0.480\pm 0.137$. Our findings indicate that the surface and curvature parameters are more influential than the bulk parameters for the description of pasta observables. We also show that using a surface tension that is inconsistent with the bulk functional leads to an underestimation of both the average values and the uncertainties in the pasta properties, thus highlighting the importance of a consistent calculation of the nuclear functional.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics. Typos corrected
The credit-card sized, general purpose controls platform: HadCon2
Creators: name: Zumbruch, P.
name: Traxler, M.
name: Pligouroudis, M.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2014
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2013 - GSI Report 2014-1
The cosmological constant and dark energy in braneworlds
Creators: name: Koyama, Kazuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review recent attempts to address the cosmological constant problem and the late-time acceleration of the Universe based on braneworld models. In braneworld models, the way in which the vacuum energy gravitates in the 4D spacetime is radically different from conventional 4D physics. It is possible that the vacuum energy on a brane does not curve the 4D spacetime and only affects the geometry of the extra-dimensions, offering a solution to the cosmological constant problem. We review the idea of supersymmetric large extra dimensions that could achieve this and also provide a natural candidate for a quintessence field. We also review the attempts to explain the late-time accelerated expansion of the universe from the large-distance modification of gravity based on the braneworld. We use the Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati model to demonstrate how one can distinguish this model from dark energy models in 4D general relativity. Theoretical difficulties in this approach are also addressed.
description: Invited Review for a special Gen. Rel. Grav. issue on Dark Energy, 22 pages, 13 figures, references added
Getting Information on Independently Prepared Quantum States -- When Are Individual Measurements as Powerful as Joint Measurements?
Creators: name: Fung, Chi-Hang Fred
name: Chau, H. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Given a composite quantum system in which the states of the subsystems are independently (but not necessarily identically) prepared, we construct separate measurements on the subsystems from any given joint measurement such that the former always give at least as large information as the latter. This construction offers new insights into the understanding of measurements on this type of composite systems. Moreover, this construction essentially proves the intuition that separate measurements on the subsystems are sufficient to extract the maximal information about the separately prepared subsystems, thus making a joint measurement unnecessary. Furthermore, our result implies that individual attacks are as powerful as collective attacks in obtaining information on the raw key in quantum key distribution.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
Studies of phase transitions in lithium intercalation batteries by dQ/dV measurements
Creators: name: Johnson, Geoffrey William
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: First order phase transitions have been detected electrochemically in intercalation batteries. The quantity dQ/dV peaks when the phase front associated with a first order phase transition moves through an intercalation compound, where V is the cell's voltage and Q is the charge that flows. The divergence of dQ/dV is analogous to the divergence of the compressibility of a gas when a first order phase transition occurs. dQ/dV can be measured by the standard electrochemical technique of linear sweep voltammetry, but resolution and clarity are vastly improved by measuring dQ/dV at constant current, which minimizes the distortions in dQ/dV due to kinetic effects. The phase diagram of the lithium intercalated layer compound has been constructed. Applications of dQ/dV measurements to phase transitions in other intercalation systems and to single phase regions are discussed.
Investigating the existence of gravitomagnetic monopole in M87*
Creators: name: Ghasemi-Nodehi, M.
name: Chakraborty, Chandrachur
name: Yu, Qingjuan
name: Lu, Youjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the possibility for the existence of gravitomagnetic monopole ($n_*$) in M87* by using the results obtained from its first Event Horizon Telescope image. By numerically deducing the shadow sizes in Kerr-Taub-NUT (KTN) spacetime, we show that the shadow size increases with increasing $|n_*|$ for a fixed Kerr parameter $|a_*|$ in case of the KTN black hole, whereas for a KTN naked singularity it increases with increasing $n_*$ for a fixed $a_* > 0$ if $n_* > -\cot 17^{\circ}$ . In general, the asymmetry of shadow shape increases if the central dark object in M87 is a KTN/Kerr naked singularity instead of a KTN/Kerr black hole. We find that a non-zero gravitomagnetic monopole is still compatible with the current EHT observations, in which case the upper limit of $n_*$ cannot be greater than $1.1$, i.e., $n_* \lesssim 1.1$ for the prograde rotation ($a_* > 0$), and the lower limit of $n_*$ cannot be less than $-1.1$, i.e., $ n_* \gtrsim -1.1$ for the retrograde rotation ($a_* < 0$). Moreover, if the circularity of the shadow can be measured on a precision of $\lesssim 1\%$, the Kerr and KTN naked singularities can be falsified for M87*.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in EPJC
Dynamical conductance in the two-channel Kondo regime of a double dot system
Creators: name: Toth, A. I.
name: Borda, L.
name: von Delft, J.
name: Zarand, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study finite-frequency transport properties of the double-dot system recently constructed to observe the two-channel Kondo effect [R. M. Potok et al., Nature 446, 167 (2007)]. We derive an analytical expression for the frequency-dependent linear conductance of this device in the Kondo regime. We show how the features characteristic of the 2-channel Kondo quantum critical point emerge in this quantity, which we compute using the results of conformal field theory as well as numerical renormalization group methods. We determine the universal cross-over functions describing non-Fermi liquid vs. Fermi liquid cross-overs and also investigate the effects of a finite magnetic field.
description: 11 pages in PRB format
Differential Phase Shift Quantum Secret Sharing Using a Twin Field with Asymmetric Source Intensities
Creators: name: Jia, Zhao-Ying
name: Gu, Jie
name: Li, Bing-Hong
name: Yin, Hua-Lei
name: Chen, Zeng-Bing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As an essential application of quantum mechanics in classical cryptography, quantum secret sharing has become an indispensable component of quantum internet. Recently, a differential phase shift quantum secret sharing protocol using a twin field has been proposed to break the linear rate-distance boundary. However, this original protocol has a poor performance over channels with asymmetric transmittances. To make it more practical, we present a differential phase shift quantum secret sharing protocol with asymmetric source intensities and give the security proof of our protocol against individual attacks. Taking finite-key effects into account, our asymmetric protocol can theoretically obtain the key rate two orders of magnitude higher than that of the original protocol when the difference in length between Alice's channel and Bob's is fixed at 14 km. Moreover, our protocol can provide a high key rate even when the difference is quite large and has great robustness against finite-key effects. Therefore, our work is meaningful for the real-life applications of quantum secret sharing.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
VOYAGA YETMAGANLAR JINSIY DAXLSIZLIGINING MUHOFAZA QILISH TUSHUNCHASI
Creators: name: Murodova, Aziza
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Ushbu maqolada voyaga yetmaganlar jinsiy daxlsizligi tushunchasi, uning takomillashish bosqichlari, xorijiy olimlar tomonidan ushbu tushunchaga berilgan ta’riflar haqida to’xtalib o’tilgan.
Plusiocampa (Plusiocampa) bulgarica Silvestri 1931
Creators: name: Sendra, Alberto
name: Antić, Dragan
name: Barranco, Pablo
name: Borko, Špela
name: Christian, Erhard
name: Delić, Teo
name: Fadrique, Floren
name: Faille, Arnaud
name: Galli, Loris
name: Gasparo, Fulvio
name: Georgiev, Dilian
name: Giachino, Pier Mauro
name: Kovac, L'ubomír
name: Lukić, Marko
name: Marcia, Paolo
name: Miculinić, Kazimir
name: Nicolosi, Giuseppe
name: Palero, Ferran
name: Paragamian, Kaloust
name: Pérez, Toni
name: Polak, Slavko
name: Prieto, Carlos E.
name: Turbanov, Ilya
name: Vailati, Dante
name: Reboleira, Ana Sofia P. S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Entognatha
Diplura
Campodeidae
Plusiocampa
Plusiocampa bulgarica

description: Plusiocampa (Plusiocampa) bulgarica Silvestri, 1931
Figs 42–43
Plusiocampa bulgarica Silvestri, 1931b: 103, figs vi–viii.
Diagnosis (Silvestri 1931b; Bareth & Condé 2001)
Troglomorphic species. Antennae with 24–30 antennomeres; 10 complex olfactory chemoreceptors in cupuliform organ; protruding frontal process with tubercular setae. Pronotum with 1+1 ma, 4+4 la, 2+2 lp macrosetae; mesonotum with 1+1 ma, 3+3 la, 2+2 lp, 1+1 mp macrosetae; metanotum with 1+1 ma, 2+2 la, 2+2 lp, 1+1 mp macrosetae; long, barbed notal macrosetae; a few long, distally barbed notal clothing setae. Two or three ventral tibial macrosetae; unequal claws (1.30) with large lateral crests, posterior claw with a backward overhang. Urotergites I–II with 1+1 post macrosetae; urotergite III with 0+0–1+1 la, 1+1–2+2 post macrosetae; urotergite IV with 1+1 la, 5+5 post macrosetae; urotergite V with 2+2 la, 5+5 post macrosetae; urotergites VI–VII with 3+3 la, 5+5 post macrosetae; urotergite VIII with 6+6 post macrosetae; abdominal segment IX with 8+8 post macrosetae; urosternite I with 7+7, urosternites II–VII with 5+5, urosternite VIII with 2+2 macrosetae. Male with a large area of glandular g 1 setae and slightly enlarged appendages with glandular a 1 setae; female with subcylindrical appendages with glandular a 1 setae.
Remarks
The study of 38 specimens collected from two new caves (see Table S 2 in Supplementary Material) allowed the addition of information to the diagnosis, including the observation of the pretarsal structures (Figs 42–43).
Habitat and distribution
Subterranean species found in 16 caves in the Balkan and Rhodope Mountains, Bulgaria.
description: Published as part of Sendra, Alberto, Antić, Dragan, Barranco, Pablo, Borko, Špela, Christian, Erhard, Delić, Teo, Fadrique, Floren, Faille, Arnaud, Galli, Loris, Gasparo, Fulvio, Georgiev, Dilian, Giachino, Pier Mauro, Kovac, L'ubomír, Lukić, Marko, Marcia, Paolo, Miculinić, Kazimir, Nicolosi, Giuseppe, Palero, Ferran, Paragamian, Kaloust, Pérez, Toni, Polak, Slavko, Prieto, Carlos E., Turbanov, Ilya, Vailati, Dante & Reboleira, Ana Sofia P. S., 2020, Flourishing in subterranean ecosystems: Euro-Mediterranean Plusiocampinae and tachycampoids (Diplura, Campodeidae), pp. 1-138 in European Journal of Taxonomy 591 on pages 37-38, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.591, http://zenodo.org/record/3659823