cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
INDIAN STATE-LEVEL SORGHUM PRODUCTIVITY MEASURES
Creators: name: Behnur, Dayakar
name: Shaik, Saleem
name: Behnur, Dayakar
name: Shaik, Saleem
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Productivity Analysis

description: This paper has a three fold contribution to the existing literature - 1) Indian state level sorghum input and output data for the period 1970-71 to 2000-01 is collected, 2) non-parametric linear programming productivity measures are estimated, and 3) examine the impact of policy variables like percent of high yielding varieties, percent under irrigation, and herfindahl index of seasonal production (rabi and kharif) on productivity using two way random effects panel model
Prospective Associations of Behavioral Economic Demand for Cannabis and Alcohol With Simultaneous Cannabis and Alcohol Use Among Young Adults
Creators: name: Wardell, Jeffrey D.
name: Hendershot, Christian S.
name: Coelho, Sophie G.
Publisher: name: American Psychological Association (APA)
Year: 2024

description: Behavioral economic demand for cannabis and alcohol is robustly associated with cannabis use and alcohol use, respectively. However, few studies have examined the contributions of cannabis and alcohol demand to simultaneous cannabis and alcohol use, which is common among young adults. We examined prospective associations of cannabis demand and alcohol demand with propensity for simultaneous use (broadly defined as using both cannabis and alcohol in the same day) and with cannabis and alcohol consumption during simultaneous use days among young adults. Young adults reporting simultaneous use (N = 107) completed a Marijuana Purchase Task assessing cannabis demand and an Alcohol Purchase Task assessing alcohol demand. They then completed daily smartphone surveys over 21 days assessing cannabis and alcohol use. Multilevel models revealed that higher cannabis demand (i.e., higher Omax, Pmax, and intensity; lower elasticity) was uniquely associated with greater propensity for simultaneous use relative to nonuse. In addition, higher alcohol demand (lower elasticity) was uniquely associated with greater propensity for simultaneous use relative to cannabis-only use, and higher cannabis demand (higher break point and intensity, lower elasticity) was uniquely associated with greater propensity for simultaneous use relative to alcohol-only use. Furthermore, in models limited to simultaneous use days, greater cannabis demand (higher Omax, lower elasticity) and lower alcohol demand (higher elasticity) were uniquely associated with greater overall cannabis flower consumption, and higher alcohol demand (higher Omax, lower elasticity) was uniquely associated with greater overall alcohol consumption. Results suggest that individual differences in cannabis and alcohol demand may contribute to simultaneous cannabis and alcohol use behaviors in a substance-specific pattern. Furthermore, cannabis demand may more strongly drive the tendency to engage in simultaneous use (vs. nonuse) relative to alcohol demand.
Subnormothermic Oxygenated Machine Perfusion (24 h) in DCD Kidney Transplantation
Creators: name: Gao, Qimeng
name: Wang, Bangchen
name: Kahan, Riley
name: Hlewicki, Kendall
name: Nakata, Kentaro
name: Anwar, Imran J.
name: Roy-Chaudhury, Prabir
name: Aardema, Charles
name: Cywinska, Greta
name: Barbas, Andrew S.
name: Hartwig, Matthew G.
name: Hughes, Benjamin A.
name: Abraham, Nader
name: Gerber, David A.
name: Neill, Ryan
name: Jarrett, Ethan
name: Ladowski, Joseph M.
name: Howell, David N.
name: Alderete, Isaac S.
Publisher: name: Wolters Kluwer
Year: 2024

description: Background: Ex vivo kidney perfusion is an evolving platform that demonstrates promise in preserving and rehabilitating the kidney grafts. Despite this, there is little consensus on the optimal perfusion conditions. Hypothermic perfusion offers limited functional assessment, whereas normothermic perfusion requires a more complex mechanical system and perfusate. Subnormothermic machine perfusion (SNMP) has the potential to combine the advantages of both approaches but has undergone limited investigation. Therefore, the present study sought to determine the suitability of SNMP for extended kidney preservation.
Methods: SNMP at 22-25 °C was performed on a portable device for 24 h with porcine kidneys. Graft assessment included measurement of mechanical parameters and biochemical analysis of the perfusate using point-of-care tests. To investigate the viability of kidneys preserved by SNMP, porcine kidney autotransplants were performed in a donation after circulatory death (DCD) model. SNMP was also compared with static cold storage (SCS). Finally, follow-up experiments were conducted in a subset of human kidneys to test the translational significance of findings in porcine kidneys.
Results: In the perfusion-only cohort, porcine kidneys all displayed successful perfusion for 24 h by SNMP, evidenced by stable mechanical parameters and biological markers of graft function. Furthermore, in the transplant cohort, DCD grafts with 30 min of warm ischemic injury demonstrated superior posttransplant graft function when preserved by SNMP in comparison with SCS. Finally, human kidneys that underwent 24-h perfusion exhibited stable functional and biological parameters consistent with observations in porcine organs.
Conclusions: These observations demonstrate the suitability and cross-species generalizability of subnormothermic machine perfusion to maintain stable kidney perfusion and provide foundational evidence for improved posttransplant graft function of DCD kidneys after SNMP compared with SCS.
Thurston equivalence of topological polynomials
Creators: name: Bartholdi, Laurent
name: Nekrashevych, Volodymyr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37F10; 37F20; 20E08

description: We answer Hubbard's question on determining the Thurston equivalence class of ``twisted rabbits'', i.e. images of the ``rabbit'' polynomial under n-th powers of the Dehn twists about its ears. The answer is expressed in terms of the 4-adic expansion of n. We also answer the equivalent question for the other two families of degree-2 topological polynomials with three post-critical points. In the process, we rephrase the questions in group-theoretical language, in terms of wreath recursions.
description: 40 pages, lots of figures
A rare case of pericardial sarcoidosis presenting as chest pain
Creators: name: Sharu, Husam El
name: Singer, Bart
name: Snyder, E. Amanda
name: Jain, Prarthana
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2024

description: Key Clinical Message: Pericardial sarcoidosis is an uncommon cause of chest pain to consider, and it requires a heightened level of suspicion and thorough history gathering. If there is suspicion of inflammatory disease, pursuing advanced imaging and biopsies is crucial, as early immunosuppressive treatment can enhance outcomes.
Abstract: Pericardial involvement in sarcoidosis is a rare condition with limited research. This case study discusses a 52-year-old African American woman who presented with subacute chest pain and was diagnosed with pericardial sarcoidosis. Diagnostic evaluation revealed extensive lymphadenopathy and pericardial effusion, and a pericardial biopsy confirmed non-caseating granulomatous inflammation. Treatment with steroids and methotrexate resulted in clinical improvement. Eight months follow-up showed near resolution of pericardial disease. This case emphasizes the importance of considering cardiac sarcoidosis in sarcoidosis patients, utilizing advanced imaging for accurate diagnosis, and tailoring treatment to the level of cardiac involvement.
GOVERNMENT PAYMENTS AND STRUCTURAL CHANGE IN AGRICULTURE
Creators: name: Key, Nigel D.
name: Roberts, Michael J.
name: Key, Nigel D.
name: Roberts, Michael J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Economic theory suggests several possible mechanisms through which direct government farm payments might influence the pattern of structural change in agriculture. This study estimates what effect farm payments have had on farm structure using farm-level panel data from the 1987, 1992, and 1997 Agricultural Censuses. Results suggest that the size of per-acre payments received in the past are associated with a small and weakly positive change in farm size between consecutive censuses, but that payments are significantly correlated with an increased likelihood of farm survival between consecutive periods.
Loop quantum gravity: an outside view
Creators: name: Nicolai, Hermann
name: Peeters, Kasper
name: Zamaklar, Marija
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review aspects of loop quantum gravity in a pedagogical manner, with the aim of enabling a precise but critical assessment of its achievements so far. We emphasise that the off-shell (`strong') closure of the constraint algebra is a crucial test of quantum space-time covariance, and thereby of the consistency, of the theory. Special attention is paid to the appearance of a large number of ambiguities, in particular in the formulation of the Hamiltonian constraint. Developing suitable approximation methods to establish a connection with classical gravity on the one hand, and with the physics of elementary particles on the other, remains a major challenge.
description: 57 pages, 11 figures; v2: substantially revised, references added, resubmitted to Class. Quant. Grav.; v3: further substantial improvements; v4: small changes, final version to appear in Class. Quant. Grav
Hydrogen adatoms on graphene: the role of hybridization and lattice distortion
Creators: name: Noori, Keian
name: Quek, Su Ying
name: Rodin, Aleksandr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hydrogen adatoms on graphene are investigated using DFT and analytical approaches. We demonstrate that the level of lattice deformation due to the hydrogen adsorption does not substantially change the coupling between the graphene $p_{z}$ orbitals. The hybridization primarily takes place between the adsorbate's s orbital and the graphene $p_{z}$ orbitals. We also show that the impurity interaction with the graphene atoms is limited to only a few nearest neighbors, allowing us to construct a compact TB model for the impurity-graphene system with an arbitrary impurity distribution. The complexity of our model scales with the number of impurities, not their separation, making it especially useful in the study of low impurity concentrations.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
More than a Nuisance: Implications of Food Marketing for Public Health Efforts to Curb Childhood Obesity
Creators: name: Harris, Jennifer L
name: Taillie, Lindsey Smith
Publisher: name: Annual Reviews
Year: 2024

description: Fifteen years ago, public health experts urged industry, governments, and advocates to take action to dramatically improve the unhealthy food-marketing environment surrounding children in order to address the global childhood obesity crisis. Since then, research has confirmed that food marketing to children has far-reaching negative effects on their diets and health, takes advantage of adolescent vulnerabilities, and contributes to health disparities. In addition, digital marketing has profoundly changed young people's engagement with brands. Moreover, reliance on industry self-regulation as a solution has proven ineffective. Government-led policies have been more successful, but they remain limited in scope and challenging to adopt and implement. New approaches are necessary to increase public and policy maker awareness that food marketing is more than a nuisance, that it threatens the long-term health of children and adolescents worldwide, and that meaningful governmental action is urgently required to curtail industry's negative impact on young people's well-being.
RETAIL OLIGOPOLY POWER AND FLUID MILK PRICES IN BOSTON
Creators: name: Chidmi, Benaissa
name: Lopez, Rigoberto A.
name: Cotterill, Ronald W.
name: Chidmi, Benaissa
name: Lopez, Rigoberto A.
name: Cotterill, Ronald W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: This paper assesses the independent and joint impacts of oligopoly power of market intermediaries and the Northeast Dairy Compact (NEDC) on fluid milk prices in Boston. Empirical results reveal that price increases due to oligopoly power far outweighed those caused by the NEDC by more than 10 times. In fact, markups are estimated at approximately 33% of the retail milk price, translating into approximately $1/gallon overcharge at 2002 milk prices averaging around $3/gallon.
An Optimized Ly$α$ Forest Inversion Tool Based on a Quantitative Comparison of Existing Reconstruction Methods
Creators: name: Müller, Hendrik
name: Behrens, Christoph
name: Marsh, David James Edward
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a same-level comparison of the most prominent inversion methods for the reconstruction of the matter density field in the quasi-linear regime from the Ly$α$ forest flux. Moreover, we present a pathway for refining the reconstruction in the framework of numerical optimization. We apply this approach to construct a novel hybrid method. The methods which are used so far for matter reconstructions are the Richardson-Lucy algorithm, an iterative Gauss-Newton method and a statistical approach assuming a one-to-one correspondence between matter and flux. We study these methods for high spectral resolutions such that thermal broadening becomes relevant. The inversion methods are compared on synthetic data (generated with the lognormal approach) with respect to their performance, accuracy, their stability against noise, and their robustness against systematic uncertainties. We conclude that the iterative Gauss-Newton method offers the most accurate reconstruction, in particular at small S/N, but has also the largest numerical complexity and requires the strongest assumptions. The other two algorithms are faster, comparably precise at small noise-levels, and, in the case of the statistical approach, more robust against inaccurate assumptions on the thermal history of the intergalactic medium (IGM). We use these results to refine the statistical approach using regularization. Our new approach has low numerical complexity and makes few assumptions about the history of the IGM, and is shown to be the most accurate reconstruction at small S/N, even if the thermal history of the IGM is not known. Our code will be made publicly available under https://github.com/hmuellergoe/reglyman.
description: 21 pages, 13 figures, 3 tables, submitted to MNRAS, a python toolkit containing our implementations will be made publicly available under https://github.com/hmuellergoe/reglyman
Ground states of a frustrated spin-1/2 antifferomagnet: Cs_2CuCl_4 in a magnetic field
Creators: name: Veillette, M. Y.
name: Chalker, J. T.
name: Coldea, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present detailed calculations of the magnetic ground state properties of Cs$_2$CuCl$_4$ in an applied magnetic field, and compare our results with recent experiments. The material is described by a spin Hamiltonian, determined with precision in high field measurements, in which the main interaction is antiferromagnetic Heisenberg exchange between neighboring spins on an anisotropic triangular lattice. An additional, weak Dzyaloshinkii-Moriya interaction introduces easy-plane anisotropy, so that behavior is different for transverse and longitudinal field directions. We determine the phase diagram as a function of field strength for both field directions at zero temperature, using a classical approximation as a first step. Building on this, we calculate the effect of quantum fluctuations on the ordering wavevector and components of the ordered moments, using both linear spinwave theory and a mapping to a Bose gas which gives exact results when the magnetization is almost saturated. Many aspects of the experimental data are well accounted for by this approach.
description: 13 Pages, 9 Figures
MARKET SEGMENTATION WITHIN CONTINGENT VALUATION
Creators: name: Grimsrud, Kristine M.
name: Mittelhammer, Ronald C.
name: Grimsrud, Kristine M.
name: Mittelhammer, Ronald C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: A finite probability mixture model is combined with a contingent valuation model to analyze the existence of differential market segments in a hypothetical market. The approach has at least two principle benefits. First, the model is capable of identifying market segments within the hypothetical market. Second, the model can be used to estimate WTP/WTA within each segment. The model is illustrated using a data set collected on consumer response to genetically modified foods in Norway.
Impact of nutrient warning labels on Colombian consumers’ selection and identification of food and drinks high in sugar, sodium, and saturated fat: A randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Hall, Marissa G.
name: Murukutla, Nandita
name: Parra, Maria Fernanda
name: Higgins, Isabella Carolyn Aida
name: Mora-Plazas, Mercedes
name: Taillie, Lindsey Smith
name: Gomez, Luis Fernando
name: Bercholz, Maxime
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Year: 2024

description: OBJECTIVE: This study assessed the impact of nutrient warnings on product selection and ability to identify food products high in nutrients of concern in Colombia.
METHODS: In an online experiment (May-June 2023), Colombian adults were randomized to a nutrient warning, guideline daily amounts (GDA), Nutri-Score, or no-label condition (n = 8,004). Participants completed selection tasks between two fruit drinks labeled according to their condition, one high in sugar and one not. Next, participants answered questions about products high in sugar, sodium, and/or saturated fat ("high-in" product). Finally, they selected which label would most discourage them from consuming a high-in product.
RESULTS: Fewer participants (17%) exposed to the nutrient warning indicated they would purchase the high-sugar fruit drink compared to Nutri-Score (27%, Holm-adjusted (adj) p<0.001) and no label conditions (31%, adj p<0.001); there were no differences between the nutrient warning and GDA label (14%, adj p = 0.087). Compared to the nutrient warning, the GDA label was slightly more effective at helping consumers identify which drink was high in sugar (89% versus 92%, adj p<0.001), while the Nutri-Score and no-label conditions were less effective. Compared to all other conditions, nutrient warnings were more effective at helping participants identify that products were high in nutrients of concern, were more effective at decreasing intentions to purchase these high-in products and were perceived as more effective. Nutrient warnings were most often selected as the label that most discouraged consumption.
CONCLUSIONS: Nutrient warnings are a promising policy to help consumers identify and discourage consumption of products high in nutrients of concern.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: Trial Registration: NCT05783726.
FORECASTING IRRIGATION WATER DEMAND: A STRUCTURAL AND TIME SERIES ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Adhikari, Murali
name: Houston, Jack E.
name: Paudel, Laxmi
name: Bandyopadhyay, Dipankar
name: Paudel, Biswo Nath
name: Devkota, Nirmala
name: Adhikari, Murali
name: Houston, Jack E.
name: Paudel, Laxmi
name: Bandyopadhyay, Dipankar
name: Paudel, Biswo Nath
name: Devkota, Nirmala
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: water forecasting
subject: acreage response
subject: water slippage
subject: BC formula

description: An expected utility model was developed to capture the impacts of wealth, other economic, and institutional factors on irrigation acreage allocation decisions. Predicted water demand is derived from an expected utility structural model and various ARIMA models. No significant differences arise between forecasted irrigation acreage and, thereby, amount of forecasted water demand between econometric and time series models. However, estimates of water demand differ significantly from a Blaney-Criddle-based physical model. Keywords: water forecasting, acreage response, water slippage, BC formula
Synchronization of Coupled Chaotic Dynamics on Networks
Creators: name: Amritkar, R. E.
name: Jalan, Sarika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review some recent work on the synchronization of coupled dynamical systems on a variety of networks. When nodes show synchronized behaviour, two interesting phenomena can be observed. First, there are some nodes of the floating type that show intermittent behaviour between getting attached to some clusters and evolving independently. Secondly, two different ways of cluster formation can be identified, namely self-organized clusters which have mostly intra-cluster couplings and driven clusters which have mostly inter-cluster couplings.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures
The Effect of Early College High Schools on STEM Bachelor's Degree Attainment: Evidence from North Carolina
Creators: name: Swiderski, Tom
Publisher: name: MIT Press
Year: 2024

description: With growing demand for workers in science, technology, engineering, mathematics (STEM) and health care, it is important to assess not only whether education interventions impact educational attainment, but also students’ majors. This study examines the impact of Early College High Schools (ECHSs) on bachelor's degree attainment by field of study using data on four hundred thousand students from North Carolina (7,300 in an ECHS). Using propensity score weighting, I find that ECHSs increase bachelor's degree attainment within ten years of high school entry by 4.7 percentage points (19 percent over baseline), with STEM degree attainment increasing by 1.3 to 2.4 points (18 to 34 percent). However, within STEM and STEM-related fields, ECHSs increase degrees in the natural sciences (1.3 points or 45 percent), math/computer science (0.6 points or 60 percent), and psychology (1.2 points or 57 percent), but have null and directionally negative effects on engineering (−0.1 points or −7 percent) and health care (−0.3 points or −17 percent). Patterns are generally similar across student subgroups, though male students drive increases in computer science/mathematics, whereas female and White students drive decreases in health care. Thus, ECHSs increase STEM degree attainment overall, but more research is needed to examine whether intensive dual-enrollment experiences like the ECHS may create barriers or disincentives to pursuing certain STEM fields.
EVALUATION OF NORTH DAKOTA FARM BUSINESS MANAGEMENT EDUCATION PROGRAM
Creators: name: Johnson, Roger G.
name: Swenson, Andrew L.
name: Johnson, Roger G.
name: Swenson, Andrew L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: Farm Management
Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: Net farm income of participants in the North Dakota Farm Business Management Education Program increased with years of enrollment both in absolute terms and compared to peer group benchmarks. Median net farm income increased $7,829 and $14,191 between the first and fifth year of enrollment for all farms in the program and a subset of farms with five consecutive years of records starting with the first year of enrollment, respectively. Net farm income by year of program participation was compared to a benchmark median net farm income for the same geographic region, calendar year, and farm type in an attempt to isolate the affects of management from weather and other exogenous factors. Net farm income as a percent of benchmark increased 17.5 percentage points from first year participation farms to fifth year farms and 28 percentage points for farms for which there were five consecutive years of records starting with the first year of enrollment. Increased net farm income for both groups was accompanied by improved efficiency, increased farm size, and greater net worth. Note: Figures 1 is not included in the machine readable copy--contact the authors for more information.
Additional file 1 of Functional training added to intradialytic cycling lowers low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and improves dialysis adequacy: a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Špela Bogataj
name: Pajek, Jernej
name: Ponikvar, Jadranka Buturović
name: Pajek, Maja
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1 Table S1. Exercises prescribed in the functional training program.
Discovering Practitioners’ Knowledge and Use of Evidence-Based Practices for Autism Early Childhood Interventions
Creators: name: Amsbary, Jessica
name: Gansle, Kristin A.
name: Layden, Selena J.
name: Coleman, Heather
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications
Year: 2024

description: Young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) require supports and services designed to meet their unique needs. Research has identified 27 evidence-based practices (EBPs) for children ages birth to 5 years. However, there is a paucity of research that examines whether early childhood providers are implementing EBPs with children with ASD. In this study we determined the levels of training, confidence, and frequency of EBP implementation by U.S.-based early childhood providers, including early childhood educators and early intervention providers. These findings indicate gaps in both knowledge and implementation of EBPs. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
Rate of Period Change as a Diagnostic of Cepheid Properties
Creators: name: Turner, David G.
name: Abdel-Latif, Mohamed Abdel-Sabour
name: Berdnikov, Leonid N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rate of period change $\dot{P}$ for a Cepheid is shown to be a parameter that is capable of indicating the instability strip crossing mode for individual objects, and, in conjunction with light amplitude, likely location within the instability strip. Observed rates of period change in over 200 Milky Way Cepheids are demonstrated to be in general agreement with predictions from stellar evolutionary models, although the sample also displays features that are inconsistent with some published models and indicative of the importance of additional factors not fully incorporated in models to date.
description: Published in PASP (March 2006); TeX source & figures now provided
Additional file 1 of H. Pylori is related to osteoporosis but only in premenopausal female: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Wang, Jing-Wei
name: Feng-Xiao Dong
name: Su, Hui
name: Licun Zhu
name: Sujun Shao
name: Liu, Hong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Stellar Oblateness versus Distant Giants in Exciting Kepler Planet Mutual Inclinations
Creators: name: Spalding, Christopher
name: Millholland, Sarah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An overabundance of single-transiting Kepler planets suggests the existence of a sub-population of intrinsically multi-planet systems possessing large mutual inclinations. However, the origin of these mutual inclinations remains unknown. Recent work has demonstrated that mutual inclinations can be excited soon after protoplanetary disk-dispersal due to the oblateness of the rapidly-rotating host star, provided the star is tilted. Alternatively, distant giant planets, which are common in systems of close-in Kepler planets, could drive up mutual inclinations. The relative importance of each of these mechanisms has not been investigated. Here, we show that the influence of the stellar oblateness typically exceeds that of an exterior giant soon after planet formation. However, the magnitude of the resulting mutual inclinations depends critically upon the timescale over which the natal disk disperses. Specifically, we find that if the disk vanishes over a timescale shorter than 10^(3-4) years, comparable to the viscous timescale of the inner ~0.2AU, the inner planets impulsively acquire misalignments that scale with the stellar obliquity. In contrast, if the disk disperses slowly, the inner planets remain coplanar. They first align with the stellar equator but subsequently realign with the distant giant's plane as the star spins down. Our findings are consistent with recent observations that giants tend to be aligned with close-in multis but misaligned with singles. Stellar obliquity measurements offer a promising test of our proposed framework.
description: 22 pages, 11 figures. Accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal
1999 OUTLOOK OF THE U.S. AND WORLD WHEAT INDUSTRIES, 1998-2008
Creators: name: Koo, Won W.
name: Taylor, Richard D.
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Taylor, Richard D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Common Wheat
subject: Durum Wheat
subject: Production
subject: Exports
subject: Consumption
subject: Ending Stocks

description: This report evaluates the U.S. and world wheat markets for the 1998-2008 period by using the World Wheat Policy Simulation Model. This analysis is based on a series of assumptions about general economic conditions, agricultural policies, the weather, and technological change. Both the U.S. and world wheat economies are predicted to be optimistic for the next ten years. World demands for both common and durum wheat are expected to grow faster than world production of the two wheat classes, resulting in gradual increases in prices of the wheats. World trade volumes of both classes of wheat are expected to expand, but trade volume of durum wheat may grow faster than common wheat.
Colored Bosonic models and matrix coefficients
Creators: name: Bump, Daniel
name: Naprienko, Slava
Publisher: name: International Press of Boston
Year: 2024

description: We develop the theory of colored bosonic models (initiated by Borodin and Wheeler). We will show how a family of such models can be used to represent the values of Iwahori vectors in the “spherical model” of representations of GLr(F), where F is a nonarchimedean local field. Among our results are a monochrome factorization, which is the realization of the Boltzmann weights by fusion of simpler weights, a local lifting property relating the colored models with uncolored models, and an action of the Iwahori–Hecke algebra on the partition functions of a particular family of models by Demazure–Lusztig operators. As an application of the local lifting property we reprove a theorem of Korff evaluating the partition functions of the uncolored models in terms of Hall–Littlewood polynomials. Our results are very closely parallel to the theory of fermionic models representing Iwahori–Whittaker functions developed by Brubaker, Buciumas, Bump and Gustafsson, with many striking relationships between the two theories, confirming the philosophy that the spherical and Whittaker models of principal series representations are dual.
Quantum ether: photons and electrons from a rotor model
Creators: name: Levin, Michael
name: Wen, Xiao-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give an example of a purely bosonic model -- a rotor model on the 3D cubic lattice -- whose low energy excitations behave like massless U(1) gauge bosons and massless Dirac fermions. This model can be viewed as a ``quantum ether'': a medium that gives rise to both photons and electrons. It illustrates a general mechanism for the emergence of gauge bosons and fermions known as ``string-net condensation.'' Other, more complex, string-net condensed models can have excitations that behave like gluons, quarks and other particles in the standard model. This suggests that photons, electrons and other elementary particles may have a unified origin: string-net condensation in our vacuum.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, RevTeX4. Home page http://dao.mit.edu/~wen
Additional file 1 of Assessment of the association of baseline anti-CarbV and anti-MCV antibodies with response to treatment and radiographic progression in an RA population treated with either methotrexate or baricitinib: post-hoc analyses from RA-BEGIN
Creators: name: López-Romero, Pedro
name: Martinez-Gamboa, Lorena
name: Bang, Holger
name: Torre, Inmaculada De La
name: Holzkämper, Thorsten
name: Feist, Eugen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1 : Supplementary materials. Includes additional methodology, data relating to the association of baseline antibodies with DAS28-hsCRP, and data relating to treatment differences in the change from baseline in SDAI and SDAI response by geographic region.
Model-independent constraints with extended dark matter EFT
Creators: name: Alanne, Tommi
name: Arcadi, Giorgio
name: Goertz, Florian
name: Tenorth, Valentin
name: Vogl, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We systematically explore the phenomenology of the recently proposed extended dark matter effective field theory (\eDMEFT), which allows for a consistent effective description of DM scenarios across different energy scales. The framework remains applicable at collider energies and is capable of reproducing the correct relic abundance by including a dynamical mediator particle to the dark sector, while maintaining correlations dictated by gauge invariance in a `model-independent' way. Taking into account present and future constraints from direct- and indirect-detection experiments, from collider searches for missing energy and for scalar resonances in vector-boson, di-jet, and Higgs-pair final states, as well as from the relic abundance as measured by Planck, we determine viable regions in the parameter space, both for scalar and pseudoscalar mediator. In particular, we point out regions where cancellations in the direct-detection cross section appear leading to allowed islands for scalar mediators that could be missed in a naive simplified-model approach, but are present in the full $D=5$ effective theory, as well as a general opening of the parameter space due to consistently considering all operators at a given mass dimension. Thus, canonical WIMP-like scenarios can survive even the next generation of direct-detection experiments in different mass regimes, while potentially becoming testable at the high-luminosity LHC.
description: 42 pages, 16 figures
Reciprocity-induced symmetry in the round-trip transmission through complex systems
Creators: name: Lee, Szu-Yu
name: Parot, Vicente J.
name: Bouma, Brett E.
name: Villiger, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reciprocity is a fundamental principle of wave physics and directly relates to the symmetry in the transmission through a system when interchanging the input and output. The coherent transmission matrix (TM) is a convenient method to characterize wave transmission through general media. Here we demonstrate the optical reciprocal nature of complex media by exploring their TM properties. We measured phase-corrected TMs of forward and round-trip propagation through a looped 1m-long step-index optical multimode fiber (MMF) to experimentally verify a transpose relationship between forward and backward transmission. This symmetry impedes straightforward MMF calibration from proximal measurements of the round-trip TM. Furthermore, we show how focusing through the MMF with digital optical phase conjugation is compromised by system loss, since time reversibility relies on power conservation. These insights may inform development of new imaging techniques through complex media and coherent control of waves in photonic systems.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, under review
Additional file 1 of Effect of renal support therapy on 5-year survival in patients discharged from the intensive care unit
Creators: name: Oliveros, Henry
name: Buitrago, Giancarlo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Annex 1. ICD-10 codes to define Charlson index comorbidities; Table 3S. Survival analysis of survival time from ICU admission to death. Mortality hazard ratio ; Table 4S. Predictors of mortality by Cox regression model among propensity score-matched patients with RRT compared with those without; Figure 1S. Probability distributions according to the propensity score for patients treated with RRT and for patients not treated with RRT logit; Figure 2S. Mortality hazard ratio for each variable. CKD: chronical kidney disease; Figure 3S. Causal diagrams representing the potential mediation of co-morbidities, ICU interventions, in the association between renal failure requiring dialysis and renal replacement therapy and survival.
IN-MIGRANTS TO NORTH DAKOTA: A SOCIOECONOMIC PROFILE; SUMMARY
Creators: name: Leistritz, F. Larry
name: Sell, Randall S.
name: Leistritz, F. Larry
name: Sell, Randall S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: in-migrants
subject: new residents
subject: socioeconomic characteristics
subject: North Dakota

description: This study describes basic socioeconomic characteristics of new residents to North Dakota, the factors motivating their move, and their satisfaction with the North Dakota communities where they live. Data came from a 1997 survey of more than 700 new residents. New residents who responded to the survey were generally younger than the North Dakota population overall; about two-thirds were between 21 and 40 years old. The educational level of the migrants was also higher than that of the state's population overall; 47 percent of the new residents were college graduates and an additional 35 percent reported some college or post-secondary vocational/trade school attendance. About 48 percent of the new residents had previous ties to North Dakota. The new residents most often mentioned the following reasons for moving to North Dakota: looking for a safer place to live (59.5%), closer to relatives (50%), quality of the natural environment (49.5%), lower cost of living (48%), outdoor recreational opportunities (38%), and quality of local grade/high schools (35%). New job opportunities or transfers were central to many new residents' decisions to relocate. About 65 percent of the new resident households indicated that a new job or business opportunity, a transfer by a current employer, or a military transfer had been a key factor influencing their decision to move. Following their move to North Dakota, about 67 percent of respondents and 69 percent of their spouses or partners were employed full-time, while 12 percent of respondents and 11 percent of spouses were employed part-time. About 30 percent of the new residents moved to North Dakota alone, while 70 percent moved with others. About 66 percent moved with a spouse or partner and 40 percent moved with children. About 41 percent owned their current home, 45 percent rented, and 14 percent reported other housing arrangements. Household incomes covered a broad range, with about 30 percent reporting an income of $20,000 or less the first year after moving while 23 percent had incomes over $50,000. Most of the new residents had a number of telecommunications and computer-related capabilities available in their homes. Almost 99 percent had touch tone telephones, 96 percent had VCR players, 85 percent had telephone answering machines, 58 percent had personal computers, and 45 percent had computer modems. About 9 percent reported that the telephone service available to their home would limit the use of some telecommunications services or capabilities, and this percentage was more than twice as high in rural communities (15.5%) compared to urban centers (7%).
Determining the Spectral Signature of Spatial Coherent Structures
Creators: name: Pastur, L. R.
name: Lusseyran, F.
name: Fraigneau, Y.
name: Podvin, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We applied to an open flow a proper orthogonal decomposition (pod) technique, on 2D snapshots of the instantaneous velocity field, to reveal the spatial coherent structures responsible of the self-sustained oscillations observed in the spectral distribution of time series. We applied the technique to 2D planes out of 3D direct numerical simulations on an open cavity flow. The process can easily be implemented on usual personal computers, and might bring deep insights on the relation between spatial events and temporal signature in (both numerical or experimental) open flows.
description: 4 pages
The symmetry of the superconducting order parameter in PuCoGa$_5$
Creators: name: Morris, G. D
name: Heffner, R. H.
name: Bauer, E. D.
name: Morales, L. A.
name: Sarrao, J. S.
name: Fluss, M. J.
name: MacLaughlin, D. E.
name: Shu, L.
name: Anderson, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The symmetry of the superconducting order parameter in single-crystalline PuCoGa$_5$ ($T_{\rm c} = 18.5$ K) is investigated via zero- and transverse- field muon spin relaxation ($μ$SR) measurements, probing the possible existence of orbital and/or spin moments (time reversal-symmetry violation TRV) associated with the superconducting phase and the in-plane magnetic-field penetration depth $λ(T)$ in the mixed state, respectively. We find no evidence for TRV, and show that the superfluid density, or alternatively, $Δλ(T) = λ(T) - λ(0)$, are $\propto T$ for $T/T_{\rm c} \leq 0.5$. Taken together these measurements are consistent with an even-parity (pseudo-spin singlet), d-wave pairing state.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Performance evaluation and enhancement of VLAN via wireless networks using OPNET modeler
Creators: name: Al-Khraishi, Tareq
name: Quwaider, Muhannad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A VLAN is a logical connection that allows hosts to be grouped together in the same broadcast domain, so that packets are delivered only to ports that are combined to the same VLAN. We can improve wireless network performance and save bandwidth through the characteristic VLAN network. In addition, the implementation of VLAN greatly improves wireless network security by reducing the number of hosts receiving copies of frames broadcast by switches, thus keeping hosts holding critical data on a separate VLAN. In this paper we compare wireless network with VLAN via wireless network. The proposed network is evaluated within terms of delay and average throughput using web browsing applications and file transfer in heavy traffic. The simulation was carried out using OPNET 14.5 modeler and the results show that the use of VLAN via wireless network improved performance by reducing traffic resulting in a minimized delay time. Furthermore, VLAN implementation reduces network throughput because the traffic received and transmitted has a positive relationship with throughput. Eventually, we investigated the use of adhoc routing protocols such as AODV, DSR, OLSR, TORA and GPR to improve the performance of wireless VLAN networks.
Stöckle, Johannes (Hrsg.), Liturgie für ökumenische Freizeiten
Creators: name: Schmidt-Clausen, Kurt
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 7 Nr. 2 (1958): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 7, Heft 2
The Taxation and Revenue System of State and Local Governments in North Dakota
Creators: name: Voelker, Stanley W.
name: Taylor, Fred R.
name: Ostenson, Thomas K.
name: Voelker, Stanley W.
name: Taylor, Fred R.
name: Ostenson, Thomas K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1976
Subjects: Public Economics

description: This report on the North Dakota tax system is a by-product of a much broader study of the impacts of increased coal production in the Northern Great Plains. Subsequent research will examine the effects of coal development on state and local financial resources; demands for local government services; and impacts on population, income, employment, and natural resources in the region. This work is conducted under Agreement EPA-IAG-D6-E766 between the United States Environmental Protection Agency and the Economic Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, in cooperation with the Department of Agricultural Economics, North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station.
North-South Distribution and Asymmetry of GOES SXR Flares during Solar Cycle 24
Creators: name: Joshi, Anita
name: Chandra, Ramesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we present the results of the study of the north-south (N-S) distribution and asymmetry of GOES soft X-ray (SXR) flares during solar cycle 24. The period of study includes ascending, maximum and descending phases of the cycle. During the cycle double-peaked (2011, 2014) solar maximum has occurred. The cycle peak in the year 2011 is due to B-class flares excess activity in the northern hemisphere (NH) whereas C and M class flares excess activity in the southern hemisphere (SH) supported the second peak of the cycle in 2014. The data analysis shows that the SXR flares are more pronounced in 11 to 20 degree latitudes for each hemisphere. Cumulative values of SXR flare count show northern excess during the ascending phase of the cycle. However, in the descending phase of the cycle, southern excess occurred. In the cycle a significant SH dominated asymmetry exists. Near the maximum of the cycle, the asymmetry enhances pronouncedly and reverses in sign.