cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Stabile Powerwerte in der kontinuierlichen quantitativen Elektroenzephalographie prädizieren eine erfolgreiche Extubation bei beatmeten Patienten auf der neurologischen Intensivstation
Creators: name: Gabriel, Maria
Publisher: name: Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
Year: 2024

description: Hintergrund und Ziele Bei beatmeten Patienten auf der Intensivstation sind zur Abschätzung des geeigneten Extubationszeitpunktes sowohl Beatmungsparameter und vorhandene Schutzreflexe als auch eine ausreichende Vigilanz von Bedeutung. Bedingt durch zugrundeliegende Krankheitsbilder wie zum Beispiel akute Hirnschädigungen oder epileptische Anfälle, ergeben sich bei neurologischen Patienten jedoch Konstellationen, die die Abschätzung einer ausreichend konstanten Vigilanz erschweren. Eine kontinuierliche EEG-Ableitung könnte eine objektive untersucherunabhängige Hilfestellung in Bezug auf diese Problematik bieten. Ziel dieser prospektiven Arbeit war es zu untersuchen, ob mittels EEG eine erfolgreiche Extubation prädiziert werden kann. Methoden Eingeschlossen wurden beatmete Patienten der neurologischen Intensivstation des Universitätsklinikums Erlangen im Zeitraum 2017-2019. Alle Patienten erhielten ein kontinuierliches, vereinfachtes 6-Kanal-EEG-Monitoring. Nach automatischer Artefaktelimination und Fourier Transformation erfolgte eine quantitative EEG-Analyse von 6 Stunden EEG-Ableitung, innerhalb der letzten 12 Stunden vor Extubation. Erfasst wurden Relatives Beta (RB), relatives Alpha (RA), relatives Theta (RT), relatives Delta (RD) und Alpha/Delta Ratio (ADR). Um Fluktuationen in den einzelnen Frequenzbändern darzustellen, erfolgte die Berechnung des Variationskoeffizienten (CV). Mittels Mann-Whitney-U-Test und logistischer Regression wurden Unterschiede zwischen erfolgreich extubierten Patienten und Patienten mit Extubationskomplikationen (Reintubation, nicht-invasive Beatmung oder Tod) analysiert. Ergebnisse Es konnten 52 Patienten eingeschlossen werden (26 (50%) männlich; mittleres Alter 65±17 Jahre; Diagnosen: 40% epileptischer Anfall/Status epilepticus, 37% Zerebrale Ischämie, 13% Intracerebrale Blutung/ Subarachnoidalblutung, 10% Sonstige). Eine komplikationslose Extubation gelang bei 40 Patienten (77%), eine Reintubation war bei 6 Patienten (12%) notwendig, 5 Patienten (10%) benötigten eine nicht-invasive Beatmung, ein Patient verstarb. Patienten mit erfolgreicher Extubation zeigten im Vergleich zu Patienten mit Extubationskomplikationen stabilere Powerwerte (geringere CV Werte) über alle Kanäle (RB: p<0.0005; RA: p=0.045; RT: p=0.045). In der logistischen Regression ließ sich die Fluktuation der relativen Beta-Power als unabhängiger Prädiktor für Extubationserfolg identifizieren (p=0.004). Schlussfolgerung Hohe Fluktuationen der qEEG Powerwerte vor Extubation, als Hinweis auf bestehende Vigilanzschwankungen, gingen mit einer höheren Wahrscheinlichkeit für Extubationskomplikationen einher. Eine kontinuierliche qEEG-Analyse kann somit insbesondere bei neurologischen Intensivpatienten zur Gewinnung objektiver Hinweise auf den bestmöglichen Extubationszeitpunkt beitragen.
Program Sketching with Live Bidirectional Evaluation
Creators: name: Lubin, Justin
name: Collins, Nick
name: Omar, Cyrus
name: Chugh, Ravi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a system called Smyth for program sketching in a typed functional language whereby the concrete evaluation of ordinary assertions gives rise to input-output examples, which are then used to guide the search to complete the holes. The key innovation, called live bidirectional evaluation, propagates examples "backward" through partially evaluated sketches. Live bidirectional evaluation enables Smyth to (a) synthesize recursive functions without trace-complete sets of examples and (b) specify and solve interdependent synthesis goals. Eliminating the trace-completeness requirement resolves a significant limitation faced by prior synthesis techniques when given partial specifications in the form of input-output examples. To assess the practical implications of our techniques, we ran several experiments on benchmarks used to evaluate Myth, a state-of-the-art example-based synthesis tool. First, given expert examples (and no partial implementations), we find that Smyth requires on average 66% of the number of expert examples required by Myth. Second, we find that Smyth is robust to randomly-generated examples, synthesizing many tasks with relatively few more random examples than those provided by an expert. Third, we create a suite of small sketching tasks by systematically employing a simple sketching strategy to the Myth benchmarks; we find that user-provided sketches in Smyth often further reduce the total specification burden (i.e. the combination of partial implementations and examples). Lastly, we find that Leon and Synquid, two state-of-the-art logic-based synthesis tools, fail to complete several tasks on which Smyth succeeds.
description: ICFP 2020 Paper + Supplementary Appendices
Dutch version of the TANGO nocturia screening tool: cross-culturally translation and reliability study in community-dwelling people and nursing home residents
Creators: name: Decalf, Veerle
name: Everaert, Karel
name: De Witte, Nico
name: Petrovic, Mirko
name: Bower, Wendy
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Objectives: The purpose of this study was to translate and culturally adapt the self-administered screening instrument ‘Targeting the individual’s Aetiology of Nocturia to Guide Outcomes’ (TANGO) into Dutch for Belgium and to assess its test–retest reliability. Methods: This study has a cross-sectional, descriptive study design. Cross-cultural adaption of TANGO into Dutch for Belgium was performed according to a standardized method. Convenience samples of community-dwelling people and NH residents with nocturia (≥1void/night) completed TANGO-D at baseline and 1–2 weeks later. Community-dwelling people filled in the questionnaire at home and the NH residents were interviewed by a study nurse. Results: TANGO-D was completed by 33 community-dwelling middle-aged people and 45 NH residents. Completeness of responses was adequate in both populations and almost all items had positive and negative answers. In the NH residents, 12 out of 22 items required clarification, wherein five items adjustments are essential. Test–retest reliability analysis revealed an overall median Kappa of .75 [IQR: .78–1] in community-dwelling people and .54 [IQR: .31-.65] in NH residents, confirming substantial and moderate agreement, respectively. Conclusion: TANGO-D is a cross-cultural adapted Dutch translation of the original TANGO and showed good test–retest reliability in community-dwelling middle-aged people. However, validation of TANGO is required before use in clinical practice and the addition of a module of environment-related items to extend the utility of the instrumentwhen used in NH is desirable.
MOESM1 of Influence of external contextual factors on the implementation of health and social care interventions into practice within or across countries—a protocol for a ‘best fit’ framework synthesis
Creators: name: Ziemann, Alexandra
name: Brown, Louise
name: Sadler, Euan
name: Ocloo, Josephine
name: Boaz, Annette
name: Sandall, Jane
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. Prisma-P 2015 checklist.
Gelechia rhombella
Creators: name: Junnilainen, Jari
name: Karsholt, Ole
name: Nupponen, Kari
name: Kaitila, Jari-Pekka
name: Nupponen, Timo
name: Olschwang, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Gelechiidae
Gelechia
Gelechia rhombella

description: Gelechia rhombella (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)
Ekaterinburg 26.VI.2001 (1 ex.), 31.VIII.2002 (3 exx.), 17.VII.2003 (4 exx.).
 Distribution. Widely distributed in Europe, absent from the southernmost parts. Outside Europe known from the Caucasus, Transcaucasia, S Siberia and The Russian Far East.
description: Published as part of Junnilainen, Jari, Karsholt, Ole, Nupponen, Kari, Kaitila, Jari-Pekka, Nupponen, Timo & Olschwang, Vladimir, 2010, The gelechiid fauna of the southern Ural Mountains, part II: list of recorded species with taxonomic notes (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) 2367, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 2367 (1) on page 34, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2367.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10093655
Business Models for Second-life Electric Vehicle Battery Systems
Creators: name: Jiao, Na
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Electric vehicle
Battery second use
Business model
Sustainability
value

description: Innovative Business Models (BMs) are essential in commercialising new technologies that are initially seen as inferior. Battery second use (B2U) brings used batteries from an electric vehicle (EV) into a secondary storage application and holds the potential to improve the sustainability of EVs while generating value for stakeholders across the automotive and energy sectors, as well as for the environment and society (Gohla-Neudecker et al. 2015; Neubauer et al. 2015). However, important knowledge gaps exist as the potential value of second-life batteries and how to better extract that value are still poorly understood by both practitioners and researchers. To fill the knowledge gap, this study explores the BMs of repurposing a second life for the retired EV batteries through rich empirical case studies. The main outcomes of the research are firstly, a deeper understanding of the sustainable value of second-life batteries as is currently being achieved by industry, which also provides a comprehensive view of the potential value of B2U. Secondly, the critical B2U challenges are identified from a multi-stakeholder’s perspective across the value chain that present a fresh overview of the key factors that might impair the potential value of B2U. Thirdly, an empirically-generated typology of existing B2U business models is proposed that shows how B2U stakeholders are interacting in different ways to create and capture value from B2U. Fourthly, three critical BM design elements, namely, lifecycle thinking, system-level design and the shift to services are proposed as helpful aspects for B2U stakeholders to consider to better design their B2U business models. Fifthly, Business Model of a Technology (BMoT) is proposed as a new perspective to understand the value potential of second-life batteries and how to maximise the total value creation from B2U at the system level. The research has filled a literature gap, has met an industrial need, and has made contributions to knowledge on sustainability and BMs in the specific context of B2U. Practically, the findings have the potential to inspire practitioners toward better understanding the potential value of second-life batteries and improve their BMs to better extract value from B2U.
description: Cambridge Overseas Trust; Trinity College Overseas Bursaries
Internal Dynamics, Structure and Formation of Dwarf Elliptical Galaxies: I. A Keck/HST Study of Six Virgo Cluster Dwarfs
Creators: name: Geha, M.
name: Guhathakurta, P.
name: van der Marel, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Keck/ESI spectroscopy is presented for six Virgo Cluster dwarf elliptical (dE) galaxies. The mean line-of-sight velocity and velocity dispersion are resolved as a function of radius along the major axis of each galaxy, nearly doubling the total number of dEs with spatially-resolved stellar kinematics. None of the observed objects shows evidence of strong rotation: upper limits on v_rot/sigma are well below those expected for rotationally-flattened objects. Such limits place strong constraints on dE galaxy formation models. Although these galaxies continue the trend of low rotation velocities observed in Local Group dEs, they are in contrast to recent observations of large rotation velocities in slightly brighter cluster dEs. Using WFPC2 surface photometry and spherically-symmetric dynamical models, we determine global mass-to-light ratios 3 < M/L_V < 6. These ratios are comparable to those expected for an intermediate-age stellar population and are broadly consistent with the (V-I) colors of the galaxies. This implies that these dEs do not have a significant dark matter component inside an effective radius. Central black holes more massive than 10^7 M_sun can be ruled out. For the 5 nucleated dEs in our sample, we determine kinematic and photometric properties for the central nucleus separately from the underlying host dE galaxy. These nuclei are as bright or brighter than the most luminous Galactic globular clusters and lie near the region of Fundamental Plane space occupied by globular clusters. In this space, the Virgo dE galaxies lie in the same general region as Local Group and other nearby dEs, although non-rotating dEs appear to have a slightly higher mean mass and mass-to-light ratio than their rotating counterparts.
description: 31 pages, 11 figures. Accepted in the Astronomical Journal
Ultraviolet Properties of Primeval Galaxies: Theoretical Models from Stellar Population Synthesis
Creators: name: Buzzoni, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ultraviolet luminosity evolution of star-forming galaxies is explored from the theoretical point of view, especially focusing on the theory of UV energetics in simple and composite stellar populations and its relationship to the star formation rate and other main evolutionary parameters. Galaxy emission below 3000 Angstroms directly correlates with actual star formation, not depending on the total mass of the system. A straightforward calibration is obtained, in this sense, from the theoretical models at 1600, 2000 and 2800 Angstroms, and a full comparison is carried out with IUE data and other balloon-borne observations for local galaxies. The claimed role of late-type systems as prevailing contributors to the cosmic UV background is reinforced by our results; at 2000 Angstroms Im irregulars are found in fact nearly four orders of magnitude brighter than ellipticals, per unit luminous mass. The role of dust absorption in the observation of high-redshift galaxies is assessed, comparing model output and observed spectral energy distribution of local galaxy samples. Similar to what we observe in our own galaxy, a quick evolution in the dust environment might be envisaged in primeval galaxies, with an increasing fraction of luminous matter that would escape the regions of harder and "clumpy" dust absorption on a timescale of some 10^7 yr, comparable with the lifetime of stars of 5-10 solar masses.
description: 20 pages and 14 PS figures - To appear in the March issue of the Astronomical Journal. See http://www.merate.mi.astro.it/~eps/home.html for more info and model retrieval
title: The Role of the Glucose Transporter Type 1 in the Formation and Function of Antibody-Secreting Cells
Creators: name: Bierling, Theresa E. H.
Publisher: name: Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
Year: 2024

description: Background and aims. The formation of plasma cells is an essential element of the immune response to infection with an unknown pathogen. Glucose Transporter Type 1 (GLUT-1) is ubiquitously distributed in the plasma cell membrane. That transporter mediates glucose uptake and, therefore, we hypothesize that GLUT-1 may allow plasma cells to obtain the nutrients necessary to form and secrete functional antibodies. The specific aims of this work were as follows. First, to determine whether GLUT-1 is necessary for the formation of antibody-secreting cells. Second, to investigate whether GLUT-1 is necessary for them to produce functional antibodies. Thirdly, to analyze the extent to which the metabolic capacities and function of plasma cells depend on GLUT-1. Methods. In this work, a B cell-specific GLUT-1 deficient mouse model was generated to determine the role of GLUT-1 in plasma cell differentation and function. To this end, in vitro and in vivo analyses of untreated and NP-immunized mice were conducted using flow cytometry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, enzyme-linked immunospot assay and liquid chromatography mass-spectrometry. In addition, metabolic analysis was performed using “Single Cell ENeregtIc metabolism by profiling Translation inHibition” (Argüello et al., 2020). Results. In vitro analysis of untreated mice exposed reduced proliferative capacity and increased cell death in GLUT-1 deficient activated B cells. In untreated or T-dependently immunized mice, a drastic decline in germinal center B cells and antibody-secreting cells was observed in GLUT-1 knock-out animals. Moreover, their blood serum exhibited reduced antibody concentrations, highlighting the importance of GLUT-1 for the generation of antibody secreting cells. Further analysis of serum immunoglobulin G from these GLUT-1 knock-out mice revealed an altered glycosylation pattern. Furthermore, metabolic analysis revealed that in vitro-activated GLUT-1 deficient B cells show no glycolytic capacity and strict mitochondrial dependency. Conclusions. Deletion of GLUT-1 in mature B cells led to an impaired glucose uptake, which severely altered the differentiation of activated B cells into antibody-secreting cells. In addition, deletion of GLUT-1 caused a switch in the usage of the metabolic pathways neglecting glucose metabolism but concentrating on the mitochondrions. These findings elucidate the importance of GLUT-1 for plasma cell differentiation and function, and provide further insight into the complex mechanism of cell-mediated immune responses.
Typical and extreme entropies of long-lived isolated quantum systems
Creators: name: Faiez, Dana
name: Šafránek, Dominik
name: Deutsch, J. M.
name: Aguirre, Anthony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate and compare two well-developed definitions of entropy relevant for describing the dynamics of isolated quantum systems: bipartite entanglement entropy and observational entropy. In a model system of interacting particles in a one-dimensional lattice, we numerically solve for the full quantum behavior of the system. We characterize the fluctuations, and find the maximal, minimal, and typical entropy of each type that the system can eventually attain through its evolution. While both entropies are low for some "special" configurations and high for more "generic" ones, there are several fundamental differences in their behavior. Observational entropy behaves in accord with classical Boltzmann entropy (e.g. equilibrium is a condition of near-maximal entropy and uniformly distributed particles, and minimal entropy is a very compact configuration). Entanglement entropy is rather different: minimal entropy "empties out" one partition while maximal entropy apportions the particles between the partitions, and neither is typical. Beyond these qualitative results, we characterize both entropies and their fluctuations in some detail as they depend on temperature, particle number, and box size.
description: Additional comments are made in the caption of figure 10 (a). Equation 7 and a brief description are added in relation to figure 4
Improving anti-oxidant stress treatment of subarachnoid hemorrhage through self-assembled nanoparticles of oleanolic acid
Creators: name: Zhou, Youdong
name: Wang, Hengyu
name: Zhu, Xinyi
name: Zhao, Qingyu
name: Deng, Gang
name: Li, Yong
name: Chen, Qianxue
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biochemistry
Molecular Biology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a life-threatening acute hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease, with early brain injury (EBI) being the main cause of high mortality and severe neurological dysfunction. Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of EBI. In this study, we synthesized antioxidant stress nanoparticles based on self-assembled oleanolic acid (OA) using the solvent volatilization method. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques were employed to analyze and understand the self-assembly mechanism of oleic acid nanoparticles (OA NPs). The TUNEL assay, Nissl staining, and brain water content measurements were conducted to investigate the impact of OA NPs on cortical neuronal injury. Additionally, Western blot analysis was performed to investigate the antioxidant stress mechanism of OA NPs. The result showed that OA NPs exhibited a spherical structure with an average diameter of 168 nm. The application of OA NPs in SAH has been found to contribute to the reduction of keap1 protein levels and an increase in the nuclear level of Nrf2. As a result, the transcription of antioxidant stress proteins, including HO1 and NQO1, is triggered. The activation of the antioxidant stress pathway by OA NPs ultimately leads to a decrease in neuron damage and an improvement in neurological dysfunction. In conclusion, we successfully designed and synthesized OA NPs that can efficiently target the site of SAH. These nanoparticles have demonstrated their potential as antioxidants for the treatment of SAH, offering significant clinical applications.
MOESM3 of The development of a brief screener for autism using item response theory
Creators: name: Mårland, Caroline
name: Lubke, Gitta
name: Degl’Innocenti, Alessio
name: Råstam, Maria
name: Gillberg, Christopher
name: Nilsson, Thomas
name: Lundström, Sebastian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Table S3. Cross tables, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic odds ratio. Includes cross tables that present the numbers of true positive, false positive, true negative and false negative in the previous, predictive and total group for the ASD domain short form. The positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic odds ratio for the proposed cut-off values in the ASD domain short-form are also presented.
Open clusters or their remnants: B and V photometry of NGC 1901 and NGC 1252
Creators: name: Pavani, D. B.
name: Bica, E.
name: Dutra, C. M.
name: Dottori, H.
name: Santiago, B. X.
name: Carranza, G.
name: Diaz, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photometry in the B and V bands is presented for the southern stellar groups NGC 1901 and NGC 1252. NGC 1901 is often described as an open cluster while NGC 1252 consists of a concentration of about 20 stars centered approx 20' north of the original New General Catalogue coordinates, and at the southwest edge of the large region previously assigned to this object in the literature. NGC 1901 has a clear main sequence and shares similarities with the Hyades. We derive a reddening value E(B-V) = 0.04, a distance from the Sun d = 0.45 kpc (Z = -0.23 kpc) and an age 0.6 +/- 0.1 Gyr. NGC 1901 is conclusively a physical system, dynamically comparable to or more evolved than the Hyades. The colour- magnitude diagram of NGC 1252 suggests a turnoff and main sequence, and a total of 12 probable members. We simulated the Galactic field colour-magnitude diagram in the same direction and found it to be a poor match to NGC 1252, suggesting that NGC 1252 is not a field fluctuation. Isochrone fitting to the probable members is consistent with E(B-V) = 0.02, a distance from the Sun d = 0.64 kpc (Z = -0.46 kpc) and an age 3 +/- 1 Gyr. NGC 1252 cannot be ruled out as a physical group with the available data. If so, evidence is found that it is not a classical open cluster, but rather an open cluster remnant.
description: 25 pages, 11 Postscript figures, accepted for A&A
Gelechia jakovlevi Krulikovsky 1905
Creators: name: Junnilainen, Jari
name: Karsholt, Ole
name: Nupponen, Kari
name: Kaitila, Jari-Pekka
name: Nupponen, Timo
name: Olschwang, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Gelechiidae
Gelechia
Gelechia jakovlevi

description: Gelechia jakovlevi Krulikovsky, 1905
Ekaterinburg 30.VII–11.VIII.2005 (1♂); Tavatui 29.VII.1998 (6 exx.), 30.VII.1998 (2 exx.).
 Distribution. Known from Finland, the Baltic countries, Ukraine and the European part of Russia. Outside Europe reported from Siberia and Mongolia.
description: Published as part of Junnilainen, Jari, Karsholt, Ole, Nupponen, Kari, Kaitila, Jari-Pekka, Nupponen, Timo & Olschwang, Vladimir, 2010, The gelechiid fauna of the southern Ural Mountains, part II: list of recorded species with taxonomic notes (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) 2367, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 2367 (1) on page 34, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2367.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10093655
Modularity and Extreme Edges of the Internet
Creators: name: Eriksen, Kasper Astrup
name: Simonsen, Ingve
name: Maslov, Sergei
name: Sneppen, Kim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the spectral properties of a diffusion process taking place on the Internet network focusing on the slowest decaying modes. These modes allow us to identify an underlying modular structure of the Internet roughly corresponding to individual countries. For instance in the slowest decaying mode the diffusion current flows from Russia towards US military sites. These two regions thus constitute the extreme edges of the Internet. Quantitatively the modular structure of the Internet manifests itself in approximately 10 times larger participation ratio of its slow decaying modes compared to the null model - a random scale-free network. We propose to use the fraction of nodes participating in slow decaying modes as a general measure of the modularity of a network. For the 100 slowest decaying modes of the Internet we measured this fraction to be around 30%. Finally we suggest, that the degree of isolation of an individual module can be assessed by comparing its participation in different diffusion modes. Using the proportionality of response as a criterion we find that the independent module approximation works well for the Internet.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
A Physical Model for the Luminosity Function of High-Redshift Quasars
Creators: name: Wyithe, Stuart
name: Loeb, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a simple theoretical model for the quasar luminosity function at high redshifts that naturally reproduces the statistical properties of the luminous SDSS quasar sample at redshifts z~4.3 and z>5.7. Our model is based on the assumptions that quasar emission is triggered by galaxy mergers, and that the black hole mass is proportional to a power-law in the circular velocity v of the host galactic halo. We assume that quasars shine at their Eddington luminosity over a time proportional to the mass ratio between the small and final galaxies in the merger. This simple model fits the quasar luminosity function at z~2-3, reproduces the normalization and logarithmic slope (beta -2.58) at z~4.3, explains the space density of bright SDSS quasars at z~6.0, reproduces the black hole - halo mass relation for dormant black holes in the local universe, and matches the estimated duty cycle of quasar activity (~10^7 years) in Lyman-break galaxies at z~3. Based on the derived luminosity function we predict the resulting gravitational lensing rates for high redshift quasars. The lens fractions in the SDSS samples are predicted to be ~2% at z~4.3 and ~10% at z>5.7. Interestingly, the limiting quasar luminosity in our best-fit relation of L proportional to v^5/G, scales as the binding energy of the host galaxy divided by its dynamical time, implying that feedback is the mechanism that regulates black hole growth in galactic potential wells.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures. Submitted to ApJ
title: Genetic stock composition analysis of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) bycatch samples from the 2019 Bering Sea trawl pollock trawl fishery
Creators: name: Guthrie III, C. M.
Publisher: name: Alaska Fisheries Science Center (U.S.). Auke Bay Laboratories (Juneau, Alaska)
Year: 2021

description: NOAA technical memorandum NMFS-AFSC ; 418
Fixation alters the physical properties of tumor tissue that regulate nanomedicine transport
Creators: name: Martin, John D.
name: Mpekris, Fotios
name: Chauhan, Vikash P.
name: Martin, Margaret R.
name: Walsh, Megan E.
name: Stuber, Matthew D.
name: McDonald, Donald M.
name: Yuan, Fan
name: Stylianopoulos, Triantafyllos
name: Jain, Rakesh K.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: To have the desired therapeutic effect, nanomedicines and macromolecular medications must move from the site of injection to the site of action, without having adverse effects. Transvascular transport is a critical step of this navigation, as exemplified by the Enhanced Permeability and Retention (EPR) effect in solid tumors, not found in normal organs. Numerous studies have concluded that passive, diffusion- and convection-based transport predominates over active, cellular mechanisms in this effect. However, recent work using a new approach reevaluated this principle by comparing tumors with or without fixation and concluded the opposite. Here, we address the controversy generated by this new approach by reporting evidence from experimental investigations and computer simulations that separate the contributions of active and passive transport. Our findings indicate that tissue fixation reduces passive transport as well as active transport, indicating the need for new methods to distinguish the relative contributions of passive and active transport.
Streyella anguinella
Creators: name: Junnilainen, Jari
name: Karsholt, Ole
name: Nupponen, Kari
name: Kaitila, Jari-Pekka
name: Nupponen, Timo
name: Olschwang, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Gelechiidae
Streyella
Streyella anguinella

description: Streyella anguinella (Herrich-Schäffer, 1861)
Ajat river 03–05. VII.1997; Burannoe 30.VII.2000, 06.VIII.2005; Chalk Hills 03–07.VI.1998; Kidriasovo 28– 29.V.1998; Novoiletzk 09.VI.1998; Verbljushka 30. V –02. VI.1998, 10.VI.1998, 27–29.VII.2000. Common. A total of 98 exx.
 Distribution. Locally from SW Europe to southern part of the Ural Mountains and Lower Volga. Outside Europe known from Turkey, the Near East and N Africa.
 Remarks. The type locality of the taxon is in the vicinity of Volgograd (Sarepta), Russia.
description: Published as part of Junnilainen, Jari, Karsholt, Ole, Nupponen, Kari, Kaitila, Jari-Pekka, Nupponen, Timo & Olschwang, Vladimir, 2010, The gelechiid fauna of the southern Ural Mountains, part II: list of recorded species with taxonomic notes (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) 2367, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 2367 (1) on page 34, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2367.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10093655
Pressure-tunable large anomalous Hall effect of the ferromagnetic kagome-lattice Weyl semimetal Co3Sn2S2
Creators: name: Chen, Xuliang
name: Wang, Maoyuan
name: Gu, Chuanchuan
name: Wang, Shuyang
name: Zhou, Yonghui
name: An, Chao
name: Zhou, Ying
name: Zhang, Bowen
name: Chen, Chunhua
name: Yuan, Yifang
name: Qi, Mengyao
name: Zhang, Lili
name: Zhou, Haidong
name: Zhou, Jianhui
name: Yao, Yugui
name: Yang, Zhaorong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the pressure evolution of the anomalous Hall effect in magnetic topological semimetal Co3Sn2S2 in diamond anvil cells with pressures up to 44.9-50.9 GPa. No evident trace of structural phase transition is detected through synchrotron x-ray diffraction over the measured pressure range of 0.2-50.9 GPa. We find that the anomalous Hall resistivity and the ferromagnetism are monotonically suppressed as increasing pressure and almost vanish around 22 GPa. The anomalous Hall conductivity varies non-monotonically against pressure at low temperatures, involving competition between original and emergent Weyl nodes. Combined with first-principle calculations, we reveal that the intrinsic mechanism due to the Berry curvature dominates the anomalous Hall effect under high pressure.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures. Under review
Neutrino Spectrum Distortion Due to Oscillations and its BBN Effect
Creators: name: Kirilova, Daniela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the distortion of electron neutrino energy spectrum due to oscillations with the sterile neutrino nu_e nu_s, for different initial populations of the sterile state delta N_s at the onset of oscillations. The influence of this spectrum distortion on Big Bang Nucleosynthesis is analyzed. Only the case of an initially empty sterile state was studied in previous publications. The primordial abundance of He-4 is calculated for all possible delta N_s: 0<= delta N_s<= 1 in the model of oscillations, effective after electron neutrino decoupling, for which the spectrum distortion effects on the neutron--proton transitions are the strongest. It is found that the spectrum distortion effect may be the dominant one not only in the case of small delta N_s, but also in the case of big initial population of nu_s. For example, in the resonant case it may play a considerable role even for very big delta N_s ~ 0.8.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures, a revised shortened version, main results unchanged, references updated, typos corrected
Correlation experiments in nonlinear quantum mechanics
Creators: name: Czachor, Marek
name: Doebner, H. -D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how one can compute multiple-time multi-particle correlation functions in nonlinear quantum mechanics in a way which guarantees locality of the formalism.
description: Section on causally related corelation experiments is added (Russian roulette with a cheating player as an analogue of nonlinear EPR problem); to be published in Phys. Lett. A 301 (2002) 139-152
Gelechia turpella
Creators: name: Junnilainen, Jari
name: Karsholt, Ole
name: Nupponen, Kari
name: Kaitila, Jari-Pekka
name: Nupponen, Timo
name: Olschwang, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Gelechiidae
Gelechia
Gelechia turpella

description: Gelechia turpella (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)
Ekaterinburg 29.VII.2005; Burannoe 07.VIII.2005; Verbljushka 15–16.VII.1998, 28.VII.2000. A total of 7 exx.
 Distribution. Widely distributed through Europe. Outside Europe in the Caucasus and throughout Siberia to the Russian Far East.
description: Published as part of Junnilainen, Jari, Karsholt, Ole, Nupponen, Kari, Kaitila, Jari-Pekka, Nupponen, Timo & Olschwang, Vladimir, 2010, The gelechiid fauna of the southern Ural Mountains, part II: list of recorded species with taxonomic notes (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) 2367, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 2367 (1) on page 35, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2367.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10093655
Synthesis of electrical and mechanical networks of restricted complexity
Creators: name: Morelli, Alessandro
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Circuit synthesis
Electrical networks
Mechanical networks

description: This dissertation is concerned with the synthesis of linear passive electrical and mechanical networks. The main objective is to gain a better understanding of minimal realisations within the simplest non-trivial class of networks of restricted complexity--the networks of the so-called "Ladenheim catalogue"--and thence establish more general results in the field of passive network synthesis. Practical motivation for this work stems from the recent invention of the inerter mechanical device, which completes the analogy between electrical and mechanical networks. A full derivation of the Ladenheim catalogue is first presented, i.e. the set of all electrical networks with at most two energy storage elements (inductors or capacitors) and at most three resistors. Formal classification tools are introduced, which greatly simplify the task of analysing the networks in the catalogue and help make the procedure as systematic as possible. Realisability conditions are thus derived for all the networks in the catalogue, i.e. a rigorous characterisation of the behaviours which are physically realisable by such networks. This allows the structure within the catalogue to be revealed and a number of outstanding questions to be settled, e.g. regarding the network equivalences which exist within the catalogue. A new definition of "generic" network is introduced, that is a network which fully exploits the degrees of freedom offered by the number of elements in the network itself. It is then formally proven that all the networks in the Ladenheim catalogue are generic, and that they form the complete set of generic electrical networks with at most two energy storage elements. Finally, a necessary and sufficient condition is provided to efficiently test the genericity of any given network, and it is further shown that any positive-real function can be realised by a generic network.
description: The MathWorks Studentship in Engineering
title: Endangered Species Act Section 7(a)(2) Biological Opinion and Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act Essential Fish Habitat Response for the Lower San Joaquin River Feasibility Study Smith Canal Gate re-initiation
Creators: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. West Coast Region
Publisher: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. West Coast Region
Year: 2021

description: ESA Section 7 Consultation ; WCRO-2021-00509
MOESM1 of The development of a brief screener for autism using item response theory
Creators: name: Mårland, Caroline
name: Lubke, Gitta
name: Degl’Innocenti, Alessio
name: Råstam, Maria
name: Gillberg, Christopher
name: Nilsson, Thomas
name: Lundström, Sebastian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Exploratory factor analysis. Result from the EFA: Figure S1. shows the scree plot, Table S1. includes the un-rotated factor patterns for a single factor solution and Table S2. includes the rotated factor patterns for five factors.
MOESM3 of Strategies for increasing participation in mail-out colorectal cancer screening programs: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Goodwin, Belinda
name: Ireland, Michael
name: March, Sonja
name: Myers, Larry
name: Crawford-Williams, Fiona
name: Chambers, Suzanne
name: Aitken, Joanne
name: Dunn, Jeff
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Contains full table of extracted data from each study including author, date, sample size, age and country of participants, intervention type, comparison group, key findings and risk of bias.
Pomeron/glueball and odderon/oddball trajectories
Creators: name: Szanyi, István
name: Jenkovszky, László
name: Schicker, Rainer
name: Svintozelskyi, Volodymyr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We predict glueball/oddball resonances lying on the pomeron/odderon trajectories. A simple new form of the trajectories, with threshold and asymptotic behaviour required by analyticity and unitarity, is proposed. The parameters of these (pomeron and odderon) trajectories are fitted to the data on high-energy elastic proton-proton scattering. The fitted trajectories are extrapolated to the resonance region to predict masses and widths of glueballs and oddballs. The (pomeron and odderon) trajectories may be used to calculate processes of central exclusive diffraction (CED).
description: 37 pages, 15 figures, 5 tables
title: Mass spectrometric investigation of carbon-rich molecules and their transition metal complexes
title: Massenspektrometrische Untersuchung von kohlenstoffreichen Molekülen und ihren Übergangsmetallkomplexen
Creators: name: Oschwald, Johannes
Publisher: name: Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Massenspektrometrie
subject: mass spectrometry
subject: Physikalische Chemie
subject: Helicene
subject: Pentacene
subject: Nanographenoid
subject: Co-Complex
subject: Ag-Complex

description: This thesis consists of the study of carbon rich compounds, such as helicenes, nanographenoids and fullerenes in the gas phase via mass spectrometry (MS). Various ionisation methods, such as electrospray ionisation (ESI), ambient pressure chemical ionization (APCI) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) were combined with different mass analysers such as quadrupole, quadrupole ion trap (QIT) and time of flight (ToF) mass spectrometers, to study the compounds and the formation of (supra molecular) complexes and clusters. The structure and stability of the different species in the gas-phase were determined utilizing tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS or MSn) and collision-induced dissociation (CID). Furthermore, transition metal complexes with carbon rich ligands were studied. The silver (Ag+) complexes with (dihydro-)diazapentacene and with [n]helicenes (n = 6-8), as well as the valence tautomeric complexes of cobalt (Co2+/3+) with dioxolene and styrylpyridine were investigated and their reactivity in solution and the gas-phase was determined via mass spectrometry.
description: Diese Arbeit befasst sich mit der massenspektrometrischen Untersuchung von kohlenstoffreichen Verbindungen, wie Helicene, Nanographenoide und Fullerene in der Gasphase. Verschiede Ionisationsmethoden, wie Electrospray Ionization (ESI), chemischer Ionisation bei Atmosphärendruck (APCI) und Matrix Assistierte Laser Desorption Ionisation (MALDI) wurden mit unterschiedlichen Massenanalysatoren kombiniert, wie Quadrupolen, Ionenfallen (QIT) und Flugzeit (ToF) Massenspektrometern, um die Verbindungen und deren (supramolekulare) Komplexe und Cluster zu untersuchen. Die Struktur und Stabilität der unterschiedlichen Gasphasenspezies wurde mit Hilfe von Tandem Massenspektrometrie (MS/MS oder MSn) und kollisionsinduzierter Dissoziation (CID) bestimmt. Zusätzlich wurden Übergangsmetallkomplexe mit kohlenstoffreichen Liganden untersucht. Silberkomplexe mit (Dihydro-)diazapentacen und mit [n]Helicen (n = 6 8), sowie die valenztautomeren Kobaltkomplexe mit Dioxolen und Styrylpyridin wurden untersucht und die Reaktivitäten in der Lösung und Gasphase mit Hilfe der Massenspektrometrie bestimmt.
Quality by design aided self-nano emulsifying drug delivery systems development for the oral delivery of Benidipine: Improvement of biopharmaceutical performance
Creators: name: Buddhadev, Sheetal S.
name: Garala, Kevinkumar C.
name: S, Saisivam
name: Rahamathulla, Mohamed
name: Ahmed, Mohammed Muqtader
name: Farhana, Syeda Ayesha
name: Pasha, Ismail
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Hematology

description: The primary objective of the research effort is to establish efficient solid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (S-SNEDDS) for benidipine (BD) through the systematic application of a quality-by-design (QbD)-based paradigm. Utilizing Labrafil M 2125 CS, Kolliphor EL, and Transcutol P, the BD-S-SNEDDS were created. The central composite design was adopted to optimize numerous components. Zeta potential, drug concentration, resistance to dilution, pH, refractive index, viscosity, thermodynamic stability, and cloud point were further investigated in the most efficient formulation, BD14, which had a globule size of 156.20 ± 2.40 nm, PDI of 0.25, zeta potential of −17.36 ± 0.18 mV, self-emulsification time of 65.21 ± 1.95 s, % transmittance of 99.80 ± 0.70%, and drug release of 92.65 ± 1.70% at 15 min. S-SNEDDS were formulated using the adsorption process and investigated via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Differential scanning calorimeter, Scanning electron microscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction. Optimized S-SNEDDS batch BD14 dramatically decreased blood pressure in rats in contrast to the pure drug and the commercial product, according to a pharmacodynamics investigation. Accelerated stability tests validated the product’s stability. Therefore, the development of oral S-SNEDDS of BD may be advantageous for raising BD's water solubility and expanding their releasing capabilities, thereby boosting oral absorption.