cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Forecasting constraints on the cosmic duality relation with galaxy clusters
Creators: name: Goncalves, R. S.
name: Alcaniz, J. S.
name: Carvalho, J. C.
name: Holanda, R. F. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the fundamental hypotheses in observational cosmology is the validity of the so-called cosmic distance-duality relation (CDDR). In this paper, we perform Monte Carlo simulations based on the method developed in Holanda, Goncalves & Alcaniz (2012) [JCAP 1206 (2012) 022] to answer the following question: what is the number of galaxy clusters observations N_{crit} needed to check the validity of this relation at a given confidence level? At 2σ, we find that N_{crit} should be increased at least by a factor of 5 relative to the current sample size if we assume the current observational uncertainty σ_{obs}. Reducing this latter quantity by a factor of 2, we show that the present number of data would be already enough to check the validity of the CDDR at 2σ.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, latex
In the World of Disorder: Trafficking, Vagabonds, and State in Late Qing Jianghuai
Creators: name: Song, Hong
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Qing Dynasty (China)
subject: Human trafficking
subject: Organized crime
subject: East Asian Studies

description: In recent years, historians of late imperial and modern China have paid increasing attention to the practices and logic of traffic in women in the contexts of wife-selling and transactional families. Trafficking in women as a large-scale and networked crime, however, has remained insufficiently researched. This paper examines crimes of trafficking in late Qing Jianghuai primarily based on materials including legal cases, governmental documents, periodicals, and literature. I argue that the development of crimes of trafficking in late Qing Jianghuai was a result of integrated factors, including the market for women, the growing group of vagabonds that emerged in social disorder, and the mobile local society characterized by the brokered labor market and transportation networks. The provincial state’s regulation of the crimes thus reveals the growing conflict between the unruly and mobile population who took advantage of the disorder and the local government that aimed to restore the order by controlling its people’s information and mobility. In Part I, I explore how crimes of trafficking developed by increasingly integrating with the flourishing crimes of smuggling and banditry that produced an enlarging population of vagabonds. In Part II, I discuss trafficking as a networked and professional crime from the perspective of family, community, and employment relations and the social groups of professional traffickers. Part III investigates the local state of Jianghuai’s efforts of eliminating the crimes by regulating the gender order and bureaucracy. By illustrating how regional dynamics created a distinctive image of crimes of trafficking in Jianghuai, this study serves as a building block for future studies that explore how the entanglements between trafficking as an organized crime, river travel, and local state-building reflected and influenced the socio-economic and political changes in late Qing China.
A high-field 3He Metastability Exchange Optical Pumping polarizer operating in a 1.5 T medical scanner for lung MRI
Creators: name: Collier, G.
name: Pałasz, T.
name: Wojna, A.
name: Głowacz, B.
name: Suchanek, M.
name: Olejniczak, Z.
name: Dohnalik, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After being hyperpolarized using the technique of Metastability Exchange Optical Pumping (MEOP), 3He can be used as a contrast agent for lung magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MEOP is usually performed at low magnetic field (~ 1 mT) and low pressure (~ 1 mbar), which results in a low magnetization production rate. A delicate polarization-preserving step of compression is also required. It was demonstrated in sealed cells that high nuclear polarization values can be obtained at higher pressures with MEOP, if performed at high magnetic field (non-standard conditions). In this work the feasibility of building a high-field polarizer that operates within a commercial 1.5 T scanner was evaluated. Preliminary measurements of nuclear polarization with sealed cells filled at different 3He gas pressures (1.33 to 267 mbar) were performed. The use of an annular shape for the laser beam increased by 25 % the achievable nuclear polarization equilibrium value (Meq) at 32 and 67 mbar as compared to a Gaussian beam shape. Meq values of 66.4 and 31 % were obtained at 32 and 267 mbar respectively and the magnetization production rate was increased by a factor of 10 compared to the best results obtained under standard conditions. To study the reproducibility of the method in a polarizing system, the same experiments were performed with small cells connected to a gas handling system. The polarization build-up times were approximately 3 times longer in the 20-30 mbar range of pressure than those obtained for the 32 mbar sealed cell. However, reasonable Meq values of 40-60 % were achieved in a 90 mL open cell. Based on these findings, a novel compact polarizing system was designed and built. Its typical output is a 3He gas flow rate of 15 sccm with a polarization of 33 %. In-vivo lung MRI ventilation images were acquired to demonstrate the polarizer s application.
Electric control of the magnetization in BiFeO$_3$/LaFeO$_3$ superlattices
Creators: name: Zanolli, Zeila
name: Wojdel, Jacek C.
name: Iniguez, Jorge
name: Ghosez, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: First-principles techniques are used to investigate the behavior of BiFeO$_{3}$/LaFeO$_{3}$ perovskite oxide superlattices epitaxially grown on a (001)-SrTiO$_3$ substrate. The calculations show that 1/1 superlattices exhibit a $Pmc2_1$ ground state combining a trilinear coupling of one polar and two oxygen rotational lattice modes, and weak ferromagnetism. The microscopic mechanism allowing one to manipulate the magnetization with an electric field in such systems is presented and its dependence on strain and chemical substitution is discussed. BiFeO$_{3}$/LaFeO$_{3}$ artificial superlattices appear to be good candidates to achieve electric switching of magnetization at room temperature.
Polarization Bremsstrahlung in collissions of fast ions with multiatomic targets
Creators: name: Amusia, M. Ya.
name: Matveev, V. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the processes of polarization bremsstrahlung in collisions of fast ions with linear chains consisting of isolated atoms. We obtained intensities and angular distributions of radiation spectra for arbitrary number of atoms in the chain. It appeared that interference in the photon radiation amplitudes lead to prominent variation of spectral angular distributions of polarization bremsstrahlung as compared to these distribuitions in collisions with an isolated atom. The mean loss of energy due to radiation or the so-called rediative friction is estimated. The results obtained permit standard generalization to the case of polarization bremsstrahlung in fast ion chanelling above surfaces an and in solid body.
description: 7 pages, in Russian
Womanist Worldmaking: Black Women’s Pleasure as a Framework for Expansive Cinematic Gazes
Creators: name: Hippolyte, Sequoiah
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Womansim
subject: African American women
subject: Motion pictures
subject: Feature films
subject: Queer theory
subject: Pleasure in art
subject: Families, Black--History

description: The messaging within cinema holds immense social power. The ability to immerse oneself within a world created by a director’s gaze provides opportunities for connection and understanding internally and externally. Historically, these gazes have instilled imagery based in notions of racism and sexism that have positioned Black women outside of pleasurable experiences across the realms of audiences, performers, and creators themselves. The intersectional experiences of multiple identities are rarely depicted in mainstream media, and for that reason Black women’s interactions with cinema are often limited and laborious. Working to subvert these oppressive gazes, activists and creatives orient around pleasure- based frameworks of personal and creative liberation. In this thesis, we work to connect these frameworks and their extensions to Womanist praxis to that of cinematic gaze development, in order to further develop modes of looking that center authentic experiences for Black women.
Absorption features in the quasar HS 1603+3820 II. Distance to the absorber from photoionisation modelling
Creators: name: Rozanska, A.
name: Nikolajuk, M.
name: Czerny, B.
name: Dobrzycki, A.
name: Hryniewicz, K.
name: Bechtold, J.
name: Ebeling, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present photoionisation modelling of the intrinsic absorber in the bright quasar HS 1603+3820. We construct spectral energy distribution using optical/UV/X-ray observations as an input to photoionisation calculations. Spectra from Keck telescope show extremely high ratio of CIV to HI, for the first absorber in system A, named A1. This value, together with high column density of CIV ion, puts strong constraints on photoionisation model. We use photoionisation modeling to derive hydrogen number density at the cloud illuminated surface. Estimating bolometric luminosity of HS 1603+3820, from typical formula for quasars, we calculate the distance to A1. The derived location is as close as 0.1 pc, and situates an absorber even closer to the nucleus than the possible location of the Broad Line Region in this object
description: 15 pages, 9 figures, submitted to New Astronomy
Assessing the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Health and Social Wellbeing in Low-socioeconomic Status Seniors
Creators: name: Kumar, Komal
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Older people
subject: Older people--Care
subject: COVID-19 Pandemic (2020-)
subject: Health
subject: low-income

description: The COVID-19 pandemic has presented challenges for all age groups, with older adults being disproportionately affected as some of the most vulnerable people in society. Low-socioeconomic status (SES) older adults experience further challenges surrounding mental health, social wellbeing, and food insecurity. Given the unprecedented nature of the pandemic, it is important to understand the extent of the impact COVID-19 has had on this population, with the ultimate goal of identifying gaps in care services for low-SES seniors and opportunities for improved programming. In this cross-sectional mixed methods study, 93 low-SES seniors living in two affordable housing communities in the East Bay Area were surveyed. Around 76% of participants were aged 70 or older, 72% were female, and 58% identified as non-Hispanic White. In the printed 6-page questionnaire, participants were asked to reflect on their experiences prior to the pandemic and compare them to their present state, one year into the pandemic. Following survey collection, a subset of five respondents was interviewed over the phone to identify key themes. Statistical analyses on the survey data showed that as compared to pre-COVID-19, participants indicated a significant decline in their diet and nutrition, physical health, sleep quality, mental health, and social networks. In terms of social wellbeing, there was a decline in feelings of connectedness to one’s community and time spent eating in the company of others, and an increase in feelings of loneliness and isolation. However, perceptions of general support and having people to turn to did not decline. Interview data generally confirmed survey findings, with participants, two of whom had lost partners during the pandemic, frequently citing feelings of anxiety and intense isolation from friends. Finally, participants indicated a need for better COVID-19 informational services and programming. These results reveal the need for increased safe social programming and outlets for low-SES seniors who often suffer from poorer mental and physical health at baseline. The findings help reveal the changing needs of seniors during this challenging time and urge the development of solutions to improve health and wellbeing in the low-SES senior population, especially during periods of crisis involving social restrictions.
Towards a Multiple-Systems Understanding of Race-Related Biases in Human Memory
Creators: name: Iyer, Christopher
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Bias
subject: Memory
subject: Episodic memory
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Behavioral neuroscience
subject: Perception
subject: Attention
subject: Race
subject: Racism
subject: Cognitive science

description: Human memory is biased. In memory research, bias is often studied as a monolith, operationalized in a single behavioral measurement. However, memory behaviors are supported by a concert of interacting systems, and understanding our biases requires disentangling the unique contributions of each system and how each one is shaped by social dynamics around us. Here, we begin to isolate the contributions of perceptual and mnemonic race-related bias to episodic memory retrieval. To do so, we construct a novel stimulus set of face images capturing both naturalistic variation (including across subjectively classified racial categories) and low-level control and implement a multi-task behavioral experiment. Participants performed a 3-way concurrent face discrimination task, and subsequently a 2-alternative-forced-choice recognition memory test. Moreover, to test for race-related bias in the generalizability of memory representations, we tested participants on previously seen faces from both studied and unstudied viewpoints. We find evidence for canonical ingroup perceptual biases but (reverse-canonical) outgroup-favoring memory bias, with preliminary evidence that viewing time at encoding may explain some of this memory bias. Furthermore, we find no evidence for bias in participants’ memory generalizability to decisions on novel viewpoints. This work offers a more fine-grained understanding of how social biases (here, racial biases) shape different systems of human cognition and models new approaches to studying race-related biases with attention to the subjectivity of race perceptions, the social ramifications of race and racism, and the complexity of human cognition and behavior.
title: Surgery, Surgeons and Physicians: Cases and Experiences in the Miscellanea curiosa, 1670–1679
Creators: name: Conforti, Maria
Publisher: name: MyCoRe Community
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 17th Century Surgery
subject: Miscellanea curiosa erste Decurie (1670 –1679)
subject: anatomia practica
subject: Chirurgie
subject: Anatomie
subject: Chirurgen als Mitarbeiter von Ärzten
subject: 000
subject: 900

description: Surgeonsʼ skills and knowledge were crucial in fostering the anatomical revolution, including what was called anatomia practica, that is, pathological (as opposed to normal) anatomy. The paper is an examination of the articles on surgery in the first decuria (1670 –1679) of the Miscellanea curiosa. Which is the place surgical knowledge and surgeons have in the building of this discipline, as in the periodical itself? More precisely, which is the image of surgery it fosters and disseminates to an European audience? Despite an apparent neglect of surgery, surgeons are frequently mentioned as co-workers of physicians, and presented as sharing cases, experiences, objects and discussions with them. While the stereotype of the surgeon as a subordinate persists, and surgeons are not authors of observationes, an increasing space is given to his skills and knowledge of the surgeon, a necessary premise for the enhancement of anatomia practica.
description: Die Fähigkeiten und Kenntnisse der Chirurgen waren ausschlaggebend für die Förderung der Revolution in der Anatomie, vor allem der sogenannten anatomia practica, d. h. der pathologischen (im Gegensatz zur normalen) Anatomie. Die Arbeit ist eine Analyse der Artikel über die Chirurgie in der ersten Decurie (1670 –1679) der Miscellanea curiosa. Welchen Platz haben chirurgisches Wissen und die Chirurgen selbst im Aufbau dieser Disziplin bzw. in der Zeitschrift als solcher? Genauer gesagt, welches Image der Chirurgie wird gefördert und einem europäischen Publikum vermittelt? Trotz offensichtlicher Vernachlässigung der Chirurgie werden Chirurgen häufig als Mitarbeiter von Ärzten genannt und teilen Fälle, Erfahrungen, Objekte und Diskussionen mit ihnen. Während das Stereotyp des Chirurgen als Untergeordneter bestehen bleibt und Chirurgen selbst keine Beobachtungen verfassen, wird deren Fähigkeiten und Kenntnissen immer mehr Raum gegeben, eine notwendige Voraussetzung für die Weiterentwicklung der anatomia practica.
description: Strategien der Kommunikation von Naturwissen und Medizin: Zeitschriften gelehrter Akademien in der frühen Neuzeit, p. 139
Photometric and spectroscopic variability of the FUor star V582 Aurigae
Creators: name: Semkov, E. H.
name: Peneva, S. P.
name: Munari, U.
name: Dennefeld, M.
name: Mito, H.
name: Dimitrov, D. P.
name: Ibryamov, S.
name: Stoyanov, K. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We carried out BVRI CCD photometric observations in the field of V582 Aur from 2009 August to 2013 February. We acquired high-, medium-, and low-resolution spectroscopy of V582 Aur during this period. To study the pre-outburst variability of the target and construct its historical light curve, we searched for archival observations in photographic plate collections. Both CCD and photographic observations were analyzed using a sequence of 14 stars in the field of V582 Aur calibrated in BVRI. The pre-outburst photographic observations of V582 Aur show low-amplitude light variations typical of T Tauri stars. Archival photographic observations indicate that the increase in brightness began in late 1984 or early 1985 and the star reached the maximum level of brightness at 1986 January. The spectral type of V582 Aur can be defined as G0I with strong P Cyg profiles of H alpha and Na I D lines, which are typical of FU Orionis objects. Our BVRI photometric observations show large amplitude variations V~2.8 mag. during the 3.5 year period of observations. Most of the time, however, the star remains in a state close to the maximum brightness. The deepest drop in brightness was observed in the spring of 2012, when the brightness of the star fell to a level close to the pre-outburst. The multicolor photometric data show a color reversal during the minimum in brightness, which is typical of UX Ori variables. The corresponding spectral observations show strong variability in the profiles and intensities of the spectral lines (especially H alpha), which indicate significant changes in the accretion rate. On the basis of photometric monitoring performed over the past three years, the spectral properties of the maximal light, and the shape of the long-term light curve, we confirm the affiliation of V582 Aur to the group of FU Orionis objects.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
HE ĀNUENUE PIʻO I LUNA O KOʻOLAUPOKO: Ethnography of Koʻolaupoko as a Native Hawaiian Cultural Complex of Resilience.
Creators: name: Seto Myers, Dryden Kuehuikapono
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Indigenous peoples--Civil rights
subject: Native Hawaiians
subject: Native language and education
subject: Indigenous peoples
subject: Oahu
subject: Hawaii--Kailua (Oahu)

description: Measuring the health, vibrance, and the body politic of Indigenous communities is a task best approached by nuance and complexity. This paper strategically envisions pathways of Native Hawaiian resilience and revival through the community, identity, tradition, and landmarks of the district of Koʻolaupoko on the Eastern side of Oʻahu, a place where settler colonialism, development, and Indigeneity come into conflict with one another. This paper fortifies and campaigns for the assessment and value of Indigenous community and cultural health via the vibrance of ancestral pathways. These pathways manifest as links between two physical spaces, humans and natural phenomena, ancestors and grandchildren, heavens and earth, spirits and materials. This paper shows that pathways continue to thrive and be reawakened by Native Hawaiians who inhabit these lands through physical presence, genealogical connection, and participation in local lineages of Indigenous knowledge.
The Interior Structure Constants as an Age Diagnostic for Low-Mass, Pre-Main Sequence Detached Eclipsing Binary Stars
Creators: name: Feiden, Gregory A.
name: Dotter, Aaron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a novel method for determining the ages of low-mass, pre-main sequence stellar systems using the apsidal motion of low-mass detached eclipsing binaries. The apsidal motion of a binary system with an eccentric orbit provides information regarding the interior structure constants of the individual stars. These constants are related to the normalized stellar interior density distribution and can be extracted from the predictions of stellar evolution models. We demonstrate that low-mass, pre-main sequence stars undergoing radiative core contraction display rapidly changing interior structure constants (greater than 5% per 10 Myr) that, when combined with observational determinations of the interior structure constants (with 5 -- 10% precision), allow for a robust age estimate. This age estimate, unlike those based on surface quantities, is largely insensitive to the surface layer where effects of magnetic activity are likely to be most pronounced. On the main sequence, where age sensitivity is minimal, the interior structure constants provide a valuable test of the physics used in stellar structure models of low-mass stars. There are currently no known systems where this technique is applicable. Nevertheless, the emphasis on time domain astronomy with current missions, such as Kepler, and future missions, such as LSST, has the potential to discover systems where the proposed method will be observationally feasible.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ, 8 pages, 3 figures
title: Axiomatische Meßtheorie
Creators: name: Niederée, Reinhard
name: Narens, Louis
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Mannheim
Year: 1996

description: Digitalisierte Ausgabe 2019. Gedruckt erschienen im Handbuch Quantitative Methoden (1996), hrsg. von Edgar Erdfelder, Rainer Mausfeld, Thorsten Meiser und Georg Rudinger, beim Beltz-Verlag (Weinheim), ISBN 3-621-27280-1.
Local quantum protocols for separable measurements with many parties
Creators: name: Cohen, Scott M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent paper \cite{mySEPvsLOCC}, we showed how to construct a quantum protocol for implementing a bipartite, separable quantum measurement using only local operations on subsystems and classical communication between parties (LOCC) within any fixed number of rounds of communication, whenever such a protocol exists. Here, we generalize that construction to one that applies for any number of parties. One important observation is that the construction automatically determines the ordering of the parties' measurements, overcoming a significant apparent difficulty in designing protocols for more than two parties. We also present various other results about LOCC, including showing that if, in any given measurement operator of the separable measurement under consideration, the local parts for two different parties are rank-1 operators that are not repeated in any other measurement operator of the measurement, then this separable measurement cannot be exactly implemented by LOCC in any finite number of rounds.
description: Comments welcome. 13 pages, 5 figures
Devil's crevasse and macroscopic entanglement in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Byrnes, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin coherent states are the matter equivalent of optical coherent states, where a large number of two component particles form a macroscopic state displaying quantum coherence. Here we give a detailed study of entanglement generated between two spin-1/2 BECs due to an Sz1 Sz2 interaction. The states that are generated show a remarkably rich structure showing fractal characteristics. In the limit of large particle number N, the entanglement shows a strong dependence upon whether the entangling gate times are a rational or irrational multiple of pi/4. We discuss the robustness of various states under decoherence and show that despite the large number of particles in a typical BEC, entanglement on a macroscopic scale should be observable as long as the gate times are less than hbar/J sqrt[N], where J is the effective BEC-BEC coupling energy. Such states are anticipated to be useful for various quantum information applications such as quantum teleportation and quantum algorithms.
The Impact of Police Killings on Elementary School Discipline Outcomes
Creators: name: Smith, Jira
name: Pearman, Alvin
name: Stanford University
name: Public Policy Program
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: police violence, school discipline, youth, suspensions, police, education
subject: Stanford University
subject: Humanities and Sciences
subject: Public Policy Program

description: Research exploring the impacts of police violence on local communities is a growing and emerging field, and studies have shown that local police violence can negatively affect the mental health of American citizens, especially in communities of color. Children may be uniquely vulnerable to the spillover effects of police violence, which could have implications on the trajectory of their lives. To quantify this relationship, my paper explores to what extent police killings are correlated with the incidence of exclusionary discipline at nearby schools. The analysis utilizes a two-way fixed effects regression model to estimate the relationship between a nearby police killing and five novel school disciplinary outcomes. The primary finding is that schools located in neighborhoods with a police killing episode within the last year see significantly more students disciplined with out-of-school suspensions than schools that did not experience a police killing within their attendance zone. The results of this study hold implications for future school disciplinary policy.
Finite momentum at string endpoints
Creators: name: Ficnar, Andrej
name: Gubser, Steven S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that classical strings, both bosonic and supersymmetric, can have finite energy and momentum at their endpoints. We show that in a general curved background, string endpoints must propagate along null geodesics as long as their energy remains finite. Finite endpoint momentum allows strings with a fixed energy to travel a greater distance in an AdS5-Schwarzschild background than has been possible for classical solutions considered previously. We review the relevance to heavy ion phenomenology of the dependence of this distance on energy, and we propose a scheme for determining the instantaneous rate of energy loss.
description: 28 pages, 4 figures
Chance Me!: Competition Culture in Online College Admission Forums
Creators: name: Amuzie, Ocheze
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Universities and colleges--Admission
subject: Education, Higher
subject: Electronic discussion groups
subject: Reddit

description: It is no secret that the attainment of a college degree is one of the single most impactful choices in one’s life that has the ability to positively impact lifetime financial and social status. As the technological landscape of the workforce continues to develop exponentially and the demand for qualified employees who can meet and adapt to modern challenges—i.e. college graduates—increases, students are responding to this pressure, enrolling in record numbers year after year. While access to entry into and information about these institutions has been historically stratified by class, race, gender, and other identities, the proliferation of the participatory internet has given rise to a host of readily accessible resources and tools for all students. Discussions about college pursuit have historically been internal amongst schools, education professionals, and families; however, online admissions communities serve as sites where all members of the college application process co-engage with one another, shedding light on their interpretation of the qualities that warrant admission into institutions of higher education. While literature exists about the influences and motivations that allow students of all backgrounds to pursue college, this thesis, through the textual analysis of content submitted to popular college admissions online forums, aims to explicate the nature of admissions discussions in novel spaces online, against the backdrop of an intensely competitive culture. Despite their neutral and beneficial flagging, I find that messages within these platforms can contribute to and reinforce legacies of stratification and exclusion in education. Forum users and moderators can be more active in critically engaging with the messages circulated in these spaces and the systems they serve to benefit.
Multi-stage Multiple Testing in the Era of Big Data and Cloud Computing
Creators: name: Lai, T.L.
name: Liu, C.
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: adaptive subgroup selection
group sequential designs
false discovery rate
familywise error rate

description: This article was inspired by lectures on multiple testing during the Big Data Conference in 2017 at CMSA, which the first author attended. Subsequent work led to a new approach to multi-stage multiple testing with applications to precision medicine and information technology in the Big Data and Multi-Cloud Era. An overview of this new approach and the key underlying ideas are provided.
Kinetically driven ordered phase formation in binary colloidal crystals
Creators: name: Bochicchio, D.
name: Videcoq, A.
name: Ferrando, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aggregation of binary colloids of same size and balanced charges is studied by Brownian dynamics simulations for dilute suspensions. It is shown that, under appropriate conditions, the formation of colloidal crystals is dominated by kinetic effects leading to the growth of well-ordered crystallites of the sodium-chloride (NaCl) bulk phase. These crystallites form with very high probability even when the cesium-chloride (CsCl) phase is more stable thermodynamically. Global optimization searches show that this result is not related to the most favorable structures of small clusters, that are either amorphous or of CsCl structure. The formation of the NaCl phase is related to the specific kinetics of the crystallization process, which takes place by a two-step mechanism. In this mechanism, dense fluid aggregates form at first and then crystallization follows. It is shown that the type of short-range order in these dense fluid aggregates determines which phase is finally formed in the crystallites. The role of hydrodynamic effects in the aggregation process is analyzed by Stochastic Rotation Dynamics - Molecular Dynamics simulations, finding that these effects do not play a major role in the formation of the crystallites.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review E
Las Historias Explosivas: Resisting Justice in Ricardo Piglia’s La ciudad ausente
Creators: name: Maciorowski-Hribar, Sierra T.
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Department of English
Ricardo Piglia
Post-dictatorship
Postdictatorial Latin American fiction
Neoliberalism
Post-dictatorship justice
Transitional justice
Critical legal studies
Storytelling
Testimony
Walter Benjamin
Paolo Freire
Cyborg theory
Wai Chee Dimock
Narrative resistance

description: Argentine post-dictatorship can be characterized by a series of legal actions to exculpate the dictatorship's accused, from the Ley de punto final of 1986 to the presidential pardons of 1990. From within this overarching narrative of reconciliation, Ricardo Piglia's La ciudad ausente tells the story of a storytelling machine, Elena, whose stories form a sort of resistance to state control—resistance, in particular, to the narrative that justice had already been served. Drawing on Wai Chee Dimock's theory of justice's residues, Walter Benjamin's theory of storytellers, and Paolo Freire's Pedagogy of the Oppressed, this thesis builds on Idelber Avelar's analysis in The Untimely Present to examine the role of storytelling within La ciudad ausente, and suggests that it may serve as a means of resistance to the narrative of achieved justice. This analysis of La ciudad ausente thus provides an example of the inadequacies of legal justice, and the importance of alternative strategies for achieving restitution and moving forward.
Lithium, Carbon, and Oxygen Abundances of Hyades F-G Type Stars
Creators: name: Takeda, Yoichi
name: Honda, Satoshi
name: Ohnishi, Takashi
name: Ohkubo, Michiko
name: Hirata, Ryuko
name: Sadakane, Kozo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In an attempt to carry out a systematic study on the behavior of the photospheric abundances of Li, C, and O (along with Fe) for Hyades main-sequence stars in the T_eff range of ~5000-7000K, we conducted an extensive spectrum-synthesis analysis applied to four spectral regions (comprising lines of Fe-group elements, Li I 6708 line, C I 7111-7119 lines, and O I 6156-8 lines) based on the high-dispersion spectra of 68 selected F-G type stars belonging to this cluster. The abundances of C and O turned out to be fairly uniform in a marginally supersolar level such like the case of Fe: = +0.15 (sigma = 0.08), = +0.22 (sigma = 0.14), and = +0.11(sigma = 0.08), suggesting that the primordial abundances are almost retained for these elements. Strictly, however, they show a slightly increasing trend with a decrease in T_eff (typically on the order of ~10^(-4) dex/K; while this might be due to an improper choice of atmospheric parameters, we found it hard to give a quantitatively reasonable explanation. Regarding Li, we confirmed the well-known T_eff-dependent trend in the Li abundance reported so far (a conspicuous Li-trough at 6300K
description: 19 pages, 15 figures, 2 tables (plus electronic table E1 and E2 as ancillary files), accepted for publication in Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan (to appear in vol.65, No. 3, 2013)
Black Women's Representation in Television: a Deep Dive into the History of Television and the 1990s Sitcom Living Single
Creators: name: Greene, Ramona N.
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Living Single
subject: Bowser, Yvette Lee
subject: Television
subject: Women, Black
subject: Technology transfer

description: Throughout history, Black women have been ostracized from reputable representations of themselves in the media. Over time, scholars began to notice that these representations were doing much to harm the social and emotional wellbeing of Black femme audiences (Anderson and Merritt Williams 1983, Noble and Tynes 2016). To understand the depths of these issues and to present an answer to how television may rise to the occasion of presenting socially just representations of Black women, I answered the questions: How has the scientific and technological design of television systems changed? How has this evolution affected access to “socially just" representations on television? What is “The Television?” To answer the next four questions, I focused on the first network-television show ever created by a Black woman, Living Single, as I surmise that this show provides one model for “socially just” representations which Noble and Tynes seek for Black girls. Therefore I ask: How has Living Single influenced representation in the context of non-familial centered Black experiences? How did the creator of the show use humor to normalize the “Angry Black Woman” trope, mental health, and homosexuality in the narratives of everyday Black women in the 1990s through reflection politics, instead of condemnation politics? Finally, I answer how television has evolved in “socially just” representations. I conducted exhaustive research on the history of television and technology through a host of sources to better understand the accessibility of socially just representations of Black women, followed by a multi-episodic analysis of the 1990s television show Living Single, and an analysis of the legacy of this culturally significant show.
Regulating recruitment and contracting of migrant Regulating recruitment and contracting of migrant fishers from Indonesia
Creators: name: Palmer, Wayne
name: Ford, Michele
name: Hasbiyalloh, Benni
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 440303
subject: Migration
classificationCode: 440807
subject: Government and politics of Asia and the Pacific

description: Historically, the processes in place to govern the recruitment and contracting of Indonesian migrant fishers have fostered situations of labor abuse and exploitation. The Indonesian government has introduced a new regulatory framework designed to meet international expectations that it creates rules and systems for recruiting migrant fishers in its territory. This article analyzes the state of play immediately before this new regulatory framework was operationalized, generating insights into practices around recruitment and contracting, and providing a baseline for future analysis of the new framework’s impact.
Polynomial Chaotic Inflation in Supergravity
Creators: name: Nakayama, Kazunori
name: Takahashi, Fuminobu
name: Yanagida, Tsutomu T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a general polynomial chaotic inflation model in supergravity, for which the predicted spectral index and tensor-to-scalar ratio can lie within the 1 sigma region allowed by the Planck results. Most importantly, the predicted tensor-to-scalar ratio is large enough to be probed in the on-going and future B-mode experiments. We study the inflaton dynamics and the subsequent reheating process in a couple of specific examples. The non-thermal gravitino production from the inflaton decay can be suppressed in a case with a discrete Z_2 symmetry. We find that the reheating temperature can be naturally as high as O(10^{9-10}) GeV, sufficient for baryon asymmetry generation through (non-)thermal leptogenesis.
description: 25 pages, 7 figures
Ripple Effects Mapping in Community-Engaged Research: Capturing the “Ripples” of the Steps for Change Physical Activity Intervention Trial
Creators: name: Condor, Jose
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: ripple effects mapping
subject: community-engaged research
subject: participatory action research
subject: citizen science
subject: community-engaged evaluation
subject: social ecological model
subject: Science--Citizen participation
subject: COVID-19 (Disease)--Social aspects
subject: COVID-19 Pandemic (2020-)
subject: physical activity

description: An emergent evaluation tool known as ripple effects mapping (REM) is a participatory qualitative method that engages program participants and other stakeholders in exploring intended and unintended intervention impacts. REM was used to explore the intervention impacts of the Steps for Change intervention programs. Steps for Change is a group-randomized controlled physical activity intervention trial targeting lower-income midlife and older adults who live in or near 10 senior affordable public housing sites in two San Francisco Bay area counties. The two intervention arms consisted of an evidence-based behavioral intervention targeting individual-level factors influencing regular physical activity vs. the same behavioral intervention in combination with a citizen science intervention, called Our Voice, which targeted local physical and social environmental factors affecting physical activity. Thematic analysis of the intervention impacts obtained during the REM sessions was used to identify major themes, such as COVID-19, physical activity, and social connectedness. The purpose of the present study was to begin to explore the 12-month intervention-derived impacts under the COVID-19 major theme in a housing site (Site A) randomized to the multi-level intervention and its comparison site (Site B) randomized to the individual-level intervention only. The reported impacts under the COVID-19 theme were examined and quantified based on the different organizational levels of the social ecological model. A quantitative comparison of the two sites revealed a statistically significant difference in the relative frequency distribution of impacts based on the levels of the social ecological model (p < 0.01). Using thematic analysis, four subthemes under COVID-19 were identified: (1) meeting physical activity goals, (2) maintaining social connections, (3) balancing health and wellbeing, and (4) learning the Zoom online meeting platform. The content in these subthemes related to challenges and individual adaptations associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and its influence on participant engagement in the intervention programs. Striving to identify the full complement of intervention impacts through novel qualitative approaches such as REM can provide insights related to both expected and unexpected impacts of a community-based health promotion program. REM in community-engaged research can be a valuable evaluation tool to capture broader intervention effects and potentially enhance program implementation and sustainability in a more comprehensive manner.
The Role of the Equation of State in Resistive Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamics
Creators: name: Mizuno, Yosuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the role of the equation of state in resistive relativistic magnetohydrodynamics using a newly developed resistive relativistic magnetohydrodynamic code. A number of numerical tests in one-dimension and multi-dimensions are carried out in order to check the robustness and accuracy of the new code. The code passes all the tests in situations involving both small and large uniform conductivities. Equations of state which closely approximate the single-component perfect relativistic gas are introduced. Results from selected numerical tests using different equations of state are compared. The main conclusion is that the choice of the equation of state as well as the value of the electric conductivity can result in considerable dynamical differences in simulations involving shocks, instabilities, and magnetic reconnection.
description: 30 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in ApJS
Converse Magnetoelectric Effects in Fe3O4/BaTiO3 Multiferroic Hybrids
Creators: name: Geprägs, S.
name: Mannix, D.
name: Opel, M.
name: Goennenwein, S. T. B.
name: Gross, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantitative understanding of converse magnetoelectric effects, i.e., the variation of the magnetization as a function of an applied electric field, in extrinsic multiferroic hybrids is a key prerequisite for the development of future spintronic devices. We present a detailed study of the strain-mediated converse magnetoelectric effect in ferrimagnetic Fe3O4 thin films on ferroelectric BaTiO3 substrates at room temperature. The experimental results are in excellent agreement with numerical simulation based on a two-region model. This demonstrates that the electric field induced changes of the magnetic state in the Fe3O4 thin film can be well described by the presence of two different ferroelastic domains in the BaTiO3 substrate, resulting in two differently strained regions in the Fe3O4 film with different magnetic properties. The two-region model allows to predict the converse magnetoelectric effects in multiferroic hybrid structures consisting of ferromagnetic thin films on ferroelastic substrates.
Corporeal Piety and Descended Icon: Constructing a New Understanding of the Narthex
Creators: name: Savic, Sanja
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Narthex
subject: corporeality
subject: Theodore, Studites, Saint, 759-826
subject: iconoclasm
subject: monastic reformation
subject: Middle Byzantine period
subject: Hosios Loukas (Monastery : Voiōtia, Greece)
subject: synergism
subject: Ritual
subject: mosaic

description: This thesis proposes a reappraisal of the narthex as an architectural unit with a unique decorative, functional, and ideological program that differs from the liturgically-oriented organization of the nave and the sanctuary. On the example of the Middle Byzantine monastic church of Hosios Loukas, the analysis shows how the narthex developed an original arsenal of representational practices in response to the theological legacies and practical demands of two major events of the period – the icon controversy and the monastic reform movement. A close reading of the primary sources (writings by iconophile authors and texts of monastic foundation documents) demonstrates how the values of corporeality, synergism, and empathy –  while commonly omitted from the discussion of the Middle Byzantine theological climate – arose as guiding principles of the post-iconoclast approaches to the image-beholder interaction. Against this background, the narthex became uniquely suited to represent the humanity of Christ. Representations of Christ-as-Man drive pathways of relatability, compassion, and corporeality that legitimize the beholder as an equal participant in dialogue with the divine. Through a face to face dialogue predicated on the value of synergism, the monastic community engages in ritual performances that not simply imitate, but rather complete Biblical events of the surrounding pictorial program.
Navigating the Letter Seeking Process: Who Do I Know? [Handout]
Creators: name: Peña, Courtney
name: Steele, Latishya
name: Karhson, Debra
name: Ned, Judith
name: Botham, Crystal
name: Stratton, Miranda
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: grant writing
fellowship applications
grant applications

description: The handout is intended to guide letter seekers in identifying possible letter of recommendation writers for grant and fellowship applications.