cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Measurement of the Casimir force between a gold sphere and silicon surface with nanoscale trench arrays
Creators: name: Chan, H. B.
name: Bao, Y.
name: Zou, J.
name: Cirelli, R. A.
name: Klemens, F.
name: Mansfield, W. M.
name: Pai, C. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report measurements of the Casimir force between a gold sphere and a silicon surface with an array of nanoscale, rectangular corrugations using a micromechanical torsional oscillator. At distance between 150 nm and 500 nm, the measured force shows significant deviations from the pairwise additive formulism, demonstrating the strong dependence of the Casimir force on the shape of the interacting bodies. The observed deviation, however, is smaller than the calculated values for perfectly conducting surfaces, possibly due to the interplay between finite conductivity and geometry effects.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Magnetic anisotropy and reversal in epitaxial Fe/MgO(001) films revisited
Creators: name: Zhan, Qing-feng
name: Vandezande, Stijn
name: Temst, Kristiaan
name: Van Haesendonck, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the magnetization reversal in Fe/MgO(001) films with fourfold in-plane magnetic anisotropy and an additional uniaxial anisotropy whose orientation and strength are tuned using different growth geometries and post growth treatments. The previously adopted mechanism of 180^{o} domain wall nucleation clearly fails to explain the observed 180^{o} magnetization reversal. A new reversal mechanism with two successive domain wall nucleations consistently predicts the switching fields for all field orientations. Our results are relevant for a correct interpretation of magnetization reversal in many other epitaxial metallic and semiconducting thin films.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Charm-quark fragmentation with an effective coupling constant
Creators: name: Corcella, Gennaro
name: Ferrera, Giancarlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a recently proposed non-perturbative model, based on an effective strong coupling constant and free from tunable parameters, to study c-flavoured hadron production in e+e- annihilation. Charm-quark production is described in the framework of perturbative fragmentation functions, with NLO coefficient functions, NLL non-singlet DGLAP evolution and NNLL large-x resummation. We model hadronization effects by means of the effective coupling constant in the NNLO approximation and compare our results with experimental data taken at the Z0 pole and at the Upsilon(4S) resonance. We find that, within the experimental and theoretical uncertainties, our model is able to give a reasonable description of D*+-meson spectra from ALEPH for x<1-Lambda/m_c. More serious discrepancies are instead present when comparing with D and D^* data from BELLE and CLEO in x-space. Within the errors, our model is nonetheless capable of reproducing the first ten Mellin moments of all considered data sets. However, the fairly large theoretical uncertainties call for a full NNLO/NNLL analysis.
description: 26 pages, 10 figures. Analysis in Mellin space and few references added
KELT-9 as an eclipsing double-lined spectroscopic binary: a unique and self-consistent solution to the system
Creators: name: Asnodkar, Anusha Pai
name: Wang, Ji
name: Gaudi, B. Scott
name: Cauley, P. Wilson
name: Eastman, Jason D.
name: Ilyin, Ilya
name: Strassmeier, Klaus
name: Beatty, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transiting hot Jupiters present a unique opportunity to measure absolute planetary masses due to the magnitude of their radial velocity signals and known orbital inclination. Measuring planet mass is critical to understanding atmospheric dynamics and escape under extreme stellar irradiation. Here, we present the ultra-hot Jupiter system, KELT-9, as a double-lined spectroscopic binary. This allows us to directly and empirically constrain the mass of the star and its planetary companion, without reference to any theoretical stellar evolutionary models or empirical stellar scaling relations. Using data from the PEPSI, HARPS-N, and TRES spectrographs across multiple epochs, we apply least-squares deconvolution to measure out-of-transit stellar radial velocities. With the PEPSI and HARPS-N datasets, we measure in-transit planet radial velocities using transmission spectroscopy. By fitting the circular orbital solution that captures these Keplerian motions, we recover a planetary dynamical mass of 2.17 $\pm$ 0.56 $\mathrm{M_J}$ and stellar dynamical mass of 2.11 $\pm$ 0.78 $\mathrm{M_\odot}$, both of which agree with the discovery paper. Furthermore, we argue that this system, as well as systems like it, are highly overconstrained, providing multiple independent avenues for empirically cross-validating model-independent solutions to the system parameters. We also discuss the implications of this revised mass for studies of atmospheric escape.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures, published in AJ
A new way to view biophysical forces in cancer biology, cancer cell biology and cancer genes
Creators: name: Collins, Mark
name: Collins, Mark
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: An ‘RNA Base2 Half Base Color Progression’ applies to approaches for the whole genome level: functional, genetic, proteomic, biochemical, and cell biological. Our work combines visualization research with computer science [i.e., specifically, the concept of being able to visualize interactive algorithmic results in an iterative predictable process], enabling the integration of a computational and interactive means for data exploration and analysis.

(a) An ‘RNA Codon Half Base Color Progression’ predicts information density in
     the RNA codon triplet bases is similar to how areas of gene density are
     located on a chromosome.

(b) An ‘RNA Codon Half Base Color Progression’ may be useful in curating gene
     sequence overlays and lowering error rates in reading cancer gene sequences.

(c) An ‘RNA Codon Half Base Color Progression’ predicts ‘U’ Uracil acts like a
     structural morphism during protein synthesis.

(d) An ‘RNA Codon Half Base Color Progression’ predicts the concept of ’backfilling’
    is a key to protein folding.

(e) An ‘RNA Codon Half Base Color Progression’ predicts that the diagonal cutting
     through the pentose sugar in the 16 RNA Base Pairs and the 64 RNA/DNA
     codon triplets facilitates the microsecond transcription-translation process.

(f) An ‘RNA Codon Half Base Color Progression’ predicts the existence of black and
     white Hox codons (inferred by Hox genes) as a key in Protein Folding.

(g) An ‘RNA Codon Half Base Color Progression’ predicts that the 16 RNA Base
     Pairs are ‘nested’ in and ‘co-determinant’ with DNA; and that each of the 16
     RNA Base Pairs serves as a progressive core template to create 3 more RNA
     codon triplets, accounting for each of the 64 ‘present’ RNA Codon Triplets.

(h) An ‘RNA Codon Half Base Color Progression’ predicts that balance, color,
     folding, shape and volume are connected and have an underlying mathematical
     relationship that is inherent in the architecture of RNA Base Pair and DNA/RNA
     codon triplet nucleotide emergent behavior.
Potential genetic biomarkers for dilated cardiomyopathy
Creators: name: Jack, Ammar EL
name: Khuder, Sadik
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: Background: dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) belongs to the heterogeneous group of heart muscle disorders called cardiomyopathies, characterize by left ventricular dilatation and reduce myocardial muscle contractility that leads to reducing ejection fraction of the heart. There are several causes of DCM; genetic, toxic, metabolic, endocrine, infiltrative, and idiopathic disorders. Forty causative genes encoding for a variety of proteins have been identified up to date. The objective of this study was to identify potential biomarkers related to the disease process of DCM.
Methods: Microarray profile of cardiac tissue was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Four datasets were selected (GSE 3585, GSE3586, GSE9800, and GSE42955) from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to explore the hub genes involved in the disease process of DCM.
Results: A total of 51 modules were identified using correlation network analysis. 4 common statistically- significant genes were identified among these modules, including AP3M2, ECM2, ERBB2, and ZNF83. AP3M2 gene which involves in protein trafficking to lysosomes and specialized organelles (p-value 0.0029), ECM2 gene which involves in extracellular matrix protein function (p-value 0.0095), ERBB2 gene which involves in Erb-B2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinase 2 signaling pathway (p-value 0.018), and ZNF83 gene which involves in transcriptional regulation in the cell (p-value 0.024).
Conclusion: we identified four hub genes from the four GEO datasets using Weighted gene co-expression networks analysis. We propose these four hub genes play an important role in DCM pathogenesis and disease progression and could be a useful tool as genetic markers for the disease. Further study of these hub genes is needed to improve the understanding of an underlying disease process and usage as markers.
Tuning the effective fine structure constant in graphene: opposing effects of dielectric screening on short- and long-range potential scattering
Creators: name: Jang, C.
name: Adam, S.
name: Chen, J. -H.
name: Williams, E. D.
name: Sarma, S. Das
name: Fuhrer, M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reduce the dimensionless interaction strength in graphene by adding a water overlayer in ultra-high vacuum, thereby increasing dielectric screening. The mobility limited by long-range impurity scattering is increased over 30 percent, due to the background dielectric constant enhancement leading to reduced interaction of electrons with charged impurities. However, the carrier-density-independent conductivity due to short range impurities is decreased by almost 40 percent, due to reduced screening of the impurity potential by conduction electrons. The minimum conductivity is nearly unchanged, due to canceling contributions from the electron/hole puddle density and long-range impurity mobility. Experimental data are compared with theoretical predictions with excellent agreement.
description: Revised version, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett
Pressure-dependent Electronic Superlattice in the Kagome-Superconductor CsV$_3$Sb$_5$
Creators: name: Stier, F.
name: Haghighirad, A. -A.
name: Garbarino, G.
name: Mishra, S.
name: Stilkerich, N.
name: Chen, D.
name: Shekhar, C.
name: Lacmann, T.
name: Felser, C.
name: Ritschel, T.
name: Geck, J.
name: Tacon, M. Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a high-resolution single crystal x-ray diffraction study of kagome-superconductor \cvs, exploring its response to variations in pressure and temperature. We discover that at low temperatures, the structural modulations of the electronic superlattice, commonly associated with charge-density-wave order, undergo a transformation around $p \sim$ 0.7 GPa from the familiar $2\times2$ pattern to a long-range-ordered modulation at wavevector $q=(0, 3/8, 1/2)$. Our observations align with inferred changes in the CDW pattern from prior transport and nuclear-magnetic-resonance studies, providing new insights into these transitions. Interestingly, the pressure-induced variations in the electronic superlattice correlate with two peaks in the superconducting transition temperature as pressure changes, hinting that fluctuations within the electronic superlattice could be key to stabilizing superconductivity. However, our findings contrast with the minimal pressure dependency anticipated by ab initio calculations of the electronic structure. They also challenge prevailing scenarios based on a Peierls-like nesting mechanism involving van Hove singularities.
description: Revised version, to appear in PRL
Optical Tweezer Arrays of Erbium Atoms
Creators: name: Grün, D. S.
name: White, S. J. M.
name: Ortu, A.
name: Di Carli, A.
name: Edri, H.
name: Lepers, M.
name: Mark, M. J.
name: Ferlaino, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first successful trapping of single erbium atoms in an array of optical tweezers. Using a single narrow-line optical transition, we achieve deep cooling for direct tweezer loading, pairwise ejection, and continous imaging without additional recoil suppression techniques. Our tweezer wavelength choice enables us to reach the magic trapping condition by tuning the ellipticity of the trapping light. Additionally, we implement an ultrafast high-fidelity fluorescence imaging scheme using a broad transition, allowing time-resolved study of the tweezer population dynamics from many to single atoms during light-assisted collisions. In particular, we extract a pair-ejection rate that qualitatively agrees with the semiclassical predictions by the Gallagher-Pritchard model. This work represents a promising starting point for the exploration of erbium as a powerful resource for quantum simulation in optical tweezers.
Superconducting LaP2H2 with graphenelike phosphorus layers
Creators: name: Li, Xing
name: Zhang, Xiaohua
name: Bergara, Aitor
name: Gao, Guoying
name: Liu, Yong
name: Yang, Guochun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Novel structural building blocks in compounds could induce interesting physical and chemical properties. Although phosphorus tends to form very different motifs, the existence of lone pair electrons has always prevented the formation of graphenelike structures. Here, the application of first-principles swarm structural calculations has allowed us to predict the stability of pressure-induced hexagonal LaP2H2 containing graphenelike phosphorus, which derives from the trigonal bipyramid configuration of P atoms regulated by symmetric hydrogen bonds. LaP2 in LaP2H2 has the same configuration as MgB2, and P and H atoms form a three-dimensional framework as H3S. Interestingly, LaP2H2 shows a superconductivity dominated by the graphenelike phosphorus layer and its coupling with La atoms. On the other hand, LaP2H2 is not only superconducting at a lower pressure than the H-rich LaPH6, but it also shows a superconducting transition temperature three times higher. Our work provides an example which extends the landscape of conventional superconductors at lower pressures.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Овощеводство Подмосковья: состояние и направления развития
Creators: name: Королькова А.П.
name: Маринченко Т.Е.
Publisher: name: АгроФорум
Year: 2021
Subjects: Московская область
овощеводство
состояние
перспективы
Moscow region
vegetable growing
state
prospects

description: Московская область имеет развитое овощеводство и характеризуется преимущественно крупнотоварным производством. Приведен анализ состояния и перспективы развития сектора производства овощной продукции в области. Рассмотрен опыт лидеров производства на основании анализа открытой информации их сайтов выявлены перспективы развития сектора.
description: The Moscow region has a developed vegetable growing and is featured mainly by large-scale production. The analysis of the state and development prospects of the vegetable production sector in the region is provided. The experience of the leaders of production is described based on the analysis of the open information of their sites. The prospects for the development of the sector are found.
June - Best Practices and Development of Smart Cities Standards - Part 1
Creators: Alireza Fereidunian and Kiana Etemadi
Deborah Hagar
Chun Sing Lai
Jim Frazer
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2022

Newsletter
This is an issue on Best Practices and Development of Smart Cities Standards featuring "A Comparative Study of Two People-Centric Smart Cities Evaluation Frameworks," "Recommended Practice for Implementation of P7010 in ESG/SDG Actions and in Advancing Corporate Social Responsibility," "IEEE P3166 Standard on Smart City Terminology," and "A Systems Engineering Approach to Smart City Planning – Inspired by IEEE P2784"
Dual-stage Hyperspectral Image Classification Model with Spectral Supertoken
Creators: name: Liu, Peifu
name: Xu, Tingfa
name: Wang, Jie
name: Chen, Huan
name: Bai, Huiyan
name: Li, Jianan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Hyperspectral image classification, a task that assigns pre-defined classes to each pixel in a hyperspectral image of remote sensing scenes, often faces challenges due to the neglect of correlations between spectrally similar pixels. This oversight can lead to inaccurate edge definitions and difficulties in managing minor spectral variations in contiguous areas. To address these issues, we introduce the novel Dual-stage Spectral Supertoken Classifier (DSTC), inspired by superpixel concepts. DSTC employs spectrum-derivative-based pixel clustering to group pixels with similar spectral characteristics into spectral supertokens. By projecting the classification of these tokens onto the image space, we achieve pixel-level results that maintain regional classification consistency and precise boundary. Moreover, recognizing the diversity within tokens, we propose a class-proportion-based soft label. This label adaptively assigns weights to different categories based on their prevalence, effectively managing data distribution imbalances and enhancing classification performance. Comprehensive experiments on WHU-OHS, IP, KSC, and UP datasets corroborate the robust classification capabilities of DSTC and the effectiveness of its individual components. Code will be publicly available at https://github.com/laprf/DSTC.
description: Accepted by ECCV 2024
Measurement of the Lambda_b lifetime using semileptonic decays
Creators: name: D0 Collaboration
name: Abazov, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a measurement of the Lambda_b lifetime using a sample corresponding to 1.3 fb$^{-1}$ of data collected by the D0 experiment in 2002--2006 during Run II of the Fermilab Tevatron collider. The Lambda_b baryon is reconstructed via the decay Lambda_b -> mu nu Lambda_c X. Using $4437 \pm 329$ signal candidates, we measure the Lambda_b lifetime to be $τ(Lambda_b)$ = 1.290^{+0.119}_{-0.110}(stat) ^{+0.087}_{-0.091} (syst) ps, which is among the most precise measurements in semileptonic Lambda_b decays. This result is in good agreement with the world average value.
description: submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett
Mehrfacherfassung oder Mehrwert?
Creators: name: Vinnemann, Lena
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Forschungsinformationssystem
subject: Mehrwert
subject: Wissenschaftler
subject: Qualitative Befragung
subject: 020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaften

description: Das Thema Forschungsinformationssysteme gewinnt an deutschen Hochschulen zunehmend an Bedeutung. Für die Datenerfassung ist oft die Mitarbeit der Wissenschaftler notwendig, von denen nicht wenige dem Thema kritisch gegenüberstehen. Zur Steigerung der Bereitschaft zur Dateneingabe sollen den Wissenschaftlern durch die Nutzung Vorteile und Mehrwerte geboten werden. Bisher (Stand 2018) wurde aber nicht erhoben, ob diese Mehrwerte auch als solche wahrgenommen werden. Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht mit einer Kombination von quantitativen und qualitativen Forschungsansätzen am Beispiel des Forschungsinformationssystems CRIS.WWU der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, ob Wissenschaftler Vorteile in der Nutzung sehen, welche Funktionalitäten als Mehrwerte wahrgenommen werden und wie diese Funktionalitäten und Mehrwerte ausgebaut und ergänzt werden könnten. Als Basis dazu dienen die Auswertung einer Onlineumfrage zu CRIS.WWU aus dem Jahr 2014 und die Konzeption, Durchführung und Auswertung von acht qualitativen, teilstrukturierten Leitfadeninterviews mit Wissenschaftlern der WWU. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass eine Diskrepanz zwischen den angebotenen und den tatsächlich als Mehrwert wahrgenommenen Aspekten besteht. Dies bietet Anhaltspunkte, wie die Ausgestaltung eines Forschungsinformationssystems mehr an den Bedarfen der Wissenschaftler ausgerichtet werden kann.
COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION AND DISEASE CONTROL: A CASE OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS IN NIGERIA AND OTHER TROPICAL REGION
Creators: name: Olorunlana, Adetayo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017

description: Nigeria had the highest prevalence rate of schistosomiasis in the world (WHO, 2013). Schistosomiasis is one of the neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) and referred to as a ‘three-factor disease’ (schistosomes, snails, and humans) by Kloos (1985). The disease ranks high in priority in the light of socio-economics and public health significance in tropical and sub-tropical areas. Several million people all over the world suffer from severe morbidity due to this disease (King, 2009; Taylor, 2008). The epidemiology of schistosomiasis is more complex than expressed because of its zoonotic nature that involves more than 40 species of animal reservoirs, including cattle, dogs, pigs and rodents (Gryseels et al. 2006). The implication of this is that even after it has been controlled in human; more than 40 species of animals can help transmit the disease. The impact of schistosomiasis, therefore, is related to demographic, environmental, political, socio-economic and cultural factors (Collins et al., 2012).
Exceptional Lie Groups, E-infinity Theory and Higgs Boson
Creators: name: El-Okaby, Ayman A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study the correlation between the exceptional lie groups and El-Naschie's transfinite E-infinity spacetime theory. Subsequently this is used to calculate the number of elementary particles in the standard model, mass of the Higgs boson and some coupling constants.
description: 32 pages, 2 figures and 2 tables
The experience of hospitalization for parents of a chronically ill child : an interpretive study
Creators: name: Robinson, Carole Anne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This interpretive study was designed to elicit parents' perceptions of their chronically ill children's hospitalizations for the purposes of: clarifying the meaning of hospitalization within the context of chronic illness; gaining insight into chronic illness in families having a child with chronic disease; and, determining interventions which may make hospitalization episodes more positive. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with nine parents from six families having hospitalized, chronically ill children. A semi-structured guide of questions was used for the initial interviews. Additional questions were generated by the data itself which enabled the researcher to construct accounts with the participants that addressed and explained their perspectives. An analytic framework of concepts, categories and themes which represent the parents' perspective was developed through constant comparative analysis of the accounts. The parents explained hospitalization, a facet of their long-term illness experiences, in relation to the themes of: acquiring information necessary to their understanding, controlling aspects of the experience for the ill child and for themselves, and relationships within the bureaucratic setting. Little has been written about hospitalization within the context of chronic childhood illnesses; however, related research studies were used for discussion purposes. It is apparent that the concerns the participants described are representative of the illness experience rather than solely associated with hospitalization. The data reveal that parents have a unique perspective with regard to hospitalization and the children's illnesses which is based on their experiences with illness and their unique understanding of chronicity. One can also conclude that parents have some common areas of concern during times of hospitalization which are useful guides for assessment. In terms of nursing practice, this implies that the parent's unique perspective must be elicited before care that is mutually satisfying can be negotiated. The implications for future research in the area relate to studies which will enhance nurses' understanding of clients' perspectives.
A Tree Theorem for Inflation
Creators: name: Weinberg, Steven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the generating function for tree graphs in the "in-in" formalism may be calculated by solving the classical equations of motion subject to certain constraints. This theorem is illustrated by application to the evolution of a single inflaton field in a Robertson--Walker background.
description: Version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D. 22 pages. Some changes to references and clarification in Introduction
Reinforcement Learning for Load-balanced Parallel Particle Tracing
Creators: name: Xu, Jiayi
name: Guo, Hanqi
name: Shen, Han-Wei
name: Raj, Mukund
name: Wurster, Skylar W.
name: Peterka, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We explore an online reinforcement learning (RL) paradigm to dynamically optimize parallel particle tracing performance in distributed-memory systems. Our method combines three novel components: (1) a work donation algorithm, (2) a high-order workload estimation model, and (3) a communication cost model. First, we design an RL-based work donation algorithm. Our algorithm monitors workloads of processes and creates RL agents to donate data blocks and particles from high-workload processes to low-workload processes to minimize program execution time. The agents learn the donation strategy on the fly based on reward and cost functions designed to consider processes' workload changes and data transfer costs of donation actions. Second, we propose a workload estimation model, helping RL agents estimate the workload distribution of processes in future computations. Third, we design a communication cost model that considers both block and particle data exchange costs, helping RL agents make effective decisions with minimized communication costs. We demonstrate that our algorithm adapts to different flow behaviors in large-scale fluid dynamics, ocean, and weather simulation data. Our algorithm improves parallel particle tracing performance in terms of parallel efficiency, load balance, and costs of I/O and communication for evaluations with up to 16,384 processors.
description: Accepted by IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Новые устойчивые к болезням сорта риса Капитан и Аргамак
Creators: name: Костылев П.И.
name: Краснова Е.В.
name: Аксенов А.В.
Publisher: name: АгроФорум
Year: 2021
Subjects: рис (Oryza sativa L.)
продуктивность
сорт
признак
отборы
устойчивость к пирикуляриозу
конкурсное сортоиспытание
rice (Oryza sativa L.)
variety
quantitative traits
productivity
blast tolerance (resistance)
competitive variety testing

description: Исследования проводили с целью создания и передачи на государственное испытание высокопродуктивных, среднеспелых сортов риса, устойчивых к полеганию и болезням, с высокими технологическими качествами зерна, хорошо приспособленных к местному климату и почвам. Работу выполняли в Ростовской области методами межсортовой гибридизации, индивидуального и массового отбора.
description: The research was carried out in order to create and transfer for state testing of highly productive, mid-season rice varieties, resistant to lodging and diseases, with high technological qualities of grain, well adapted to the local climate and soils. The work was carried out in the Rostov region by the methods of intervarietal hybridization, individual and mass selection.
CiteSeerX: reuse and discovery for scholarly big data
Creators: name: Wu, Jian
name: C. Lee Giles
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: Over the past 20 years, CiteSeerX has created searchable scholarly big datasets and made them freely available for research. In order for digital library search engines like CiteSeerX to be scalable and effective, AI technologies are employed in nearly all essential components of the system, including document classification, metadata extraction, author name disambiguation, data linking, etc. To effectively train these, a sufficient amount of labeled data is generated, providing ground truth for specific training and evaluation tasks. For example, the document type corpus, randomly selected from the focused crawl repository, includes 3000 PDF documents, manually labeled as papers, theses, slides, books, resumes, and others. The corpus also includes URLs where these documents were downloaded. These ground truth datasets can be reused for training improved supervised and semisupervised models. Figures, tables, algorithms, and math equations extracted from scholarly papers can be reused for research. They can also be reused as a derived scholarly big dataset to design and evaluate images, compression, classification, ranking algorithms, and others. Rich semantic information, such as keyphrases and scientific entities, can also be reused for tasks such as summarization and automatic author profile generation.

We discuss how to discover datasets in scholarly articles and make them more available via a search interface. Although there are open access repositories such as figshare, we believe that a large number of datasets are mentioned in scholarly papers. We explore natural language parsing algorithms to find the datasets that are actually used in papers. The datasets, once discovered, will be associated with research topics and sorted chronologically. Now when users search for a research topic, the search engine returns all datasets related to this topic and its popularity over time. The goal is to free researchers from a large number of readings and provide them with an overview of data usage over time, helping them to explore and make decisions on datasets they choose for specific purposes. To this end, CiteSeerX becomes a suitable platform since it has the full-text data of over 10 million documents with a goal is to ingest all open access scholarly papers, estimated to be 30-40 million. We have designed machine learning algorithms to link these documents to the Web of Science, Medline, and other digital libraries.  Users will have more opportunities to explore a comprehensive history of datasets that can be reused and discover other datasets for new research projects.
Clinical and cost–effectiveness of internet–delivered behaviour therapy for children and adolescents with Tourette syndrome: Protocol for a single-blind randomised controlled trial in Sweden
Creators: name: Andrén, Per
name: Cruz, Lorena Fernández De La
name: Lenhard, Fabian
name: Isomura, Kayoko
name: Andersson, Erik
name: Hall, Charlotte L.
name: E. Bethan Davies
name: Murphy, Tara
name: Hollis, Chris
name: Feldman, Inna
name: Bottai, Matteo
name: Serlachius, Eva
name: Mataix-Cols, David
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: Background:
Behaviour therapy (BT) for Tourette syndrome (TS) and chronic tic disorder (CTD) is effective but rarely available. To increase its availability, we developed a therapist- and parent-guided Internet-delivered BT programme for young people with TS/CTD, named BIP TIC. Preliminary results from a pilot study suggest that BIP TIC is a feasible and highly acceptable treatment. We now plan to evaluate BIP TIC in a full-scale randomised controlled trial in Sweden to determine its clinical efficacy, long-term durability, and cost-effectiveness. This poster outlines the trial protocol.

Methods:
We plan to conduct a single-blind parallel-group randomised controlled superiority trial, where participants (N=220) are randomised to either 10 weeks of BIP TIC (therapist- and parent-guided Internet-delivered exposure and response prevention) or a control condition (therapist- and parent-guided Internet-delivered education on tics). The trial will be coordinated at a single site in Stockholm, Sweden, but will recruit nationally. Eligibility criteria will include a diagnosis of TS/CTD, age between 9 and 17 years, and stable medication for tics, if on medication. Participants are assessed at post-treatment and at 3, 6, and 12 months follow-up. The primary outcome will be tic severity as measured by the Total Tic Severity Score of the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale at the 3-month follow-up, which will be assessed by raters blind to the treatment condition. A full health economic evaluation will be conducted. Data will be analysed using a pre-specified intention-to-treat statistical analysis plan.

Results and Conclusions:
Recruitment started in April 2019. If BIP TIC is superior to tic education alone, as well as cost-effective, we will aim to implement it in routine clinical care in Sweden.
Accelerating Large-scale Data Exploration through Data Diffusion
Creators: name: Raicu, Ioan
name: Zhao, Yong
name: Foster, Ian
name: Szalay, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.2.4; D.4.2; D.4.7; H.3.4

description: Data-intensive applications often require exploratory analysis of large datasets. If analysis is performed on distributed resources, data locality can be crucial to high throughput and performance. We propose a "data diffusion" approach that acquires compute and storage resources dynamically, replicates data in response to demand, and schedules computations close to data. As demand increases, more resources are acquired, thus allowing faster response to subsequent requests that refer to the same data; when demand drops, resources are released. This approach can provide the benefits of dedicated hardware without the associated high costs, depending on workload and resource characteristics. The approach is reminiscent of cooperative caching, web-caching, and peer-to-peer storage systems, but addresses different application demands. Other data-aware scheduling approaches assume dedicated resources, which can be expensive and/or inefficient if load varies significantly. To explore the feasibility of the data diffusion approach, we have extended the Falkon resource provisioning and task scheduling system to support data caching and data-aware scheduling. Performance results from both micro-benchmarks and a large scale astronomy application demonstrate that our approach improves performance relative to alternative approaches, as well as provides improved scalability as aggregated I/O bandwidth scales linearly with the number of data cache nodes.
description: IEEE/ACM International Workshop on Data-Aware Distributed Computing 2008
Limit Cycle Oscillations, response time and the time-dependent solution to the Lotka-Volterra Predator-Prey model
Creators: name: Leconte, M.
name: Masson, P.
name: Qi, Lei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, the time-dependent solution for the Lotka-Volterra Predator-Prey model is derived with the help of the Lambert W function. This allows an exact analytical expression for the period of the associated limit-cycle oscillations (LCO), and also for the response time between predator and prey population. These results are applied to the predator-prey interaction of zonal density corrugations and turbulent particle flux in gyrokinetic simulations of collisionless trapped-electron model (CTEM) turbulence. In the turbulence simulations, the response time is shown to increase when approaching the linear threshold, and the same trend is observed in the Lotka-Volterra model.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures, accepted in 'Physics of Plasmas'
Predicting the progress of diffusively limited chemical reactions in the presence of chaotic advection
Creators: name: Arratia, P. E.
name: Gollub, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of chaotic advection and diffusion on fast chemical reactions in two-dimensional fluid flows are investigated using experimentally measured stretching fields and fluorescent monitoring of the local concentration. Flow symmetry, Reynolds number, and mean path length affect the spatial distribution and time dependence of the reaction product. A single parameter λ*N, where λis the mean Lyapunov exponent and N is the number of mixing cycles, can be used to predict the time-dependent total product for flows having different dynamical features.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, updated references
Exploring Dynamic Transformer for Efficient Object Tracking
Creators: name: Zhu, Jiawen
name: Chen, Xin
name: Diao, Haiwen
name: Li, Shuai
name: He, Jun-Yan
name: Li, Chenyang
name: Luo, Bin
name: Wang, Dong
name: Lu, Huchuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The speed-precision trade-off is a critical problem for visual object tracking which usually requires low latency and deployment on constrained resources. Existing solutions for efficient tracking mainly focus on adopting light-weight backbones or modules, which nevertheless come at the cost of a sacrifice in precision. In this paper, inspired by dynamic network routing, we propose DyTrack, a dynamic transformer framework for efficient tracking. Real-world tracking scenarios exhibit diverse levels of complexity. We argue that a simple network is sufficient for easy frames in video sequences, while more computation could be assigned to difficult ones. DyTrack automatically learns to configure proper reasoning routes for various inputs, gaining better utilization of the available computational budget. Thus, it can achieve higher performance with the same running speed. We formulate instance-specific tracking as a sequential decision problem and attach terminating branches to intermediate layers of the entire model. Especially, to fully utilize the computations, we introduce the feature recycling mechanism to reuse the outputs of predecessors. Furthermore, a target-aware self-distillation strategy is designed to enhance the discriminating capabilities of early predictions by effectively mimicking the representation pattern of the deep model. Extensive experiments on multiple benchmarks demonstrate that DyTrack achieves promising speed-precision trade-offs with only a single model. For instance, DyTrack obtains 64.9% AUC on LaSOT with a speed of 256 fps.
description: Accepted by TNNLS
Self-Pinning Transition of a Tonks-Girardeau Gas in a Bose-Einstein Condensate
Creators: name: Keller, Tim
name: Fogarty, Thomás
name: Busch, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a Tonks-Girardeau (TG) gas that is immersed in a Bose-Einstein condensate can undergo a transition to a crystal-like Mott state with regular spacing between the atoms without any externally imposed lattice potential. We characterize this phase transition as a function of the interspecies interaction and temperature of the TG gas, and show how it can be measured via accessible observables in cold atom experiments. We also develop an effective model that accurately describes the system in the pinned insulator state and which allows us to derive the critical temperature of the transition.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures; 5 supplementary pages, 3 supplementary figures
Scalar Field as Dark Energy Accelerating Expansion of the Universe
Creators: name: Sergijenko, O.
name: Novosyadlyj, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The features of a homogeneous scalar field $ϕ$ with classical Lagrangian $L=ϕ_{;i}ϕ^{;i}/2-V(ϕ)$ and tachyon field Lagrangian $L=-V(ϕ)\sqrt{1-ϕ_{;i}ϕ^{;i}}$ causing the observable accelerated expansion of the Universe are analyzed. The models with constant equation-of-state parameter $w_{de}=p_{de}/ρ_{de}
description: 14 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication by Kinematics and Physics of Celestial Bodies (UA)
Electronic compressibility of a graphene bilayer
Creators: name: Kusminskiy, S. Viola
name: Nilsson, Johan
name: Campbell, D. K.
name: Neto, A. H. Castro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the electronic compressibility arising from electron-electron interactions for a graphene bilayer within the Hartree-Fock approximation. We show that, due to the chiral nature of the particles in this system, the compressibility is rather different from those of either the two-dimensional electron gas or ordinary semiconductors. We find that an inherent competition between the contributions coming from intra-band exchange interactions (dominant at low densities) and inter-band interactions (dominant at moderate densities) leads to a non-monotonic behavior of the compressibility as a function of carrier density.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures. Final version
Attention-Driven Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning: Enhancing Decisions with Expertise-Informed Tasks
Creators: name: Kuroswiski, Andre R
name: Wu, Annie S
name: Passaro, Angelo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we introduce an alternative approach to enhancing Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) through the integration of domain knowledge and attention-based policy mechanisms. Our methodology focuses on the incorporation of domain-specific expertise into the learning process, which simplifies the development of collaborative behaviors. This approach aims to reduce the complexity and learning overhead typically associated with MARL by enabling agents to concentrate on essential aspects of complex tasks, thus optimizing the learning curve. The utilization of attention mechanisms plays a key role in our model. It allows for the effective processing of dynamic context data and nuanced agent interactions, leading to more refined decision-making. Applied in standard MARL scenarios, such as the Stanford Intelligent Systems Laboratory (SISL) Pursuit and Multi-Particle Environments (MPE) Simple Spread, our method has been shown to improve both learning efficiency and the effectiveness of collaborative behaviors. The results indicate that our attention-based approach can be a viable approach for improving the efficiency of MARL training process, integrating domain-specific knowledge at the action level.
description: This paper was published at Proceedings of FLAIRS-37, May 19-21, Sandestin Beach, FL. The proceedings version is available at https://journals.flvc.org/FLAIRS/issue/view/6284
Contribution of Gaia Sausage to the Galactic Stellar Halo Revealed by K Giants and Blue Horizontal Branch Stars from the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope, Sloan Digital Sky Survey, and Gaia
Creators: name: Wu, Wenbo
name: Zhao, Gang
name: Xue, Xiang-Xiang
name: Bird, Sarah A.
name: Yang, Chengqun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the contribution of the Gaia-Sausage to the stellar halo of the Milky Way by making use of a Gaussian Mixture model (GMM) and applying it to halo star samples of LAMOST K giants, SEGUE K giants, and SDSS blue horizontal branch stars. The GMM divides the stellar halo into two parts, of which one represents a more metal-rich and highly radially biased component associated with an ancient, head-on collision referred to as the Gaia-Sausage, and the other one is a more metal-poor and isotropic halo. A symmetric bimodal Gaussian is used to describe the distribution of spherical velocity of the Gaia-Sausage, and we find that the mean absolute radial velocity of the two lobes decreases with Galactocentric radius. We find that the Gaia-Sausage contributes about $41\%-74\%$ of the inner (Galactocentric radius $r_\mathrm{gc} < 30$ kpc) stellar halo. The fraction of stars of the Gaia-Sausage starts to decline beyond $r_\mathrm{gc} \sim$ $25-30$ kpc, and the outer halo is found to be significantly less influenced by the Gaia-Sausage than the inner halo. After the removal of halo substructures found by integrals of motion, the contribution of the \textit{Gaia}-Sausage falls slightly within $r_\mathrm{gc} \sim$ 25 kpc, but is still as high as $30\%-63\%$. Finally, we select several possible Sausage-related substructures consisting of stars on highly eccentric orbits. The GMM/Sausage component agrees well with the selected substructure stars in their chemodynamical properties, which increases our confidence in the reliability of the GMM fits.
description: accepted for publication in ApJ
e^+e^- Annihilations into Quasi-two-body Final States at 10.58 GeV
Creators: name: Yi, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first observation of $e^+e^-$ annihilations into hadronic states of positive $C$-parity, $ρ^0 ρ^0$ and $ϕρ^0$. The angular distributions support two-virtual-photon annihilation production. We also report the observations of $e^+e^-\to ϕη$ and a preliminary result on $e^+e^-\to ρ^+ρ^-$.
description: Invited talk, 7 pages, 4 postscript figures, contributed to the Workshop on Exclusive Reactions at High Momentum Transfer, 21-24 May 2007, Jlab