cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Weighted Sobolev spaces and regularity for polyhedral domains
Creators: name: Ammann, Bernd
name: Nistor, Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35J40

description: We prove a regularity result for the Poisson problem $-Δu = f$, $u |\_{\pa \PP} = g$ on a polyhedral domain $\PP \subset \RR^3$ using the \BK\ spaces $\Kond{m}{a}(\PP)$. These are weighted Sobolev spaces in which the weight is given by the distance to the set of edges \cite{Babu70, Kondratiev67}. In particular, we show that there is no loss of $\Kond{m}{a}$--regularity for solutions of strongly elliptic systems with smooth coefficients. We also establish a "trace theorem" for the restriction to the boundary of the functions in $\Kond{m}{a}(\PP)$.
Electroweak double-logs at small x
Creators: name: Ciafaloni, M.
name: Ciafaloni, P.
name: Comelli, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate enhanced EW corrections to inclusive hard processes in the TeV energy region with emphasis on the small-x situation, in which the hard scale Q is significantly smaller than the available energy \sqrt{s}= Q/x. We first propose and justify a general factorization formula in which the (double-log) EW form factor at scale Q^2 is factorized from EW parton distribution functions, which satisfy evolution equations of DGLAP type. We then investigate the small-x behavior of the EW parton distributions including the novel ones for non-vanishing t-channel weak isospin T and we compare it with a BFKL-type approach. In either approach we find that large small-x corrections of order α_w \log x \log Q^2/M^2 (M being the EW symmetry breaking scale) are present only for T=2 and not for T=1. This implies that only transverse WW interactions (coupled to T=2) are affected, while the T=1 components feel just the form factor at scale Q^2.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Υπηρεσίες Πληροφορικής για άτομα με αρχόμενη άνοια
Creators: name: Παπαδοπούλου, Κυριακή Παύλου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2011
Subjects: ήπια νοητική διαταραχή
άσκηση
ηλικιωμένοι
mild cognitive impairment
training
elderly

description: Σκοπός της συγκεκριμένης εργασίας είναι η δημιουργία ενός ολοκληρωμένου πλαισίου κατευθυντήριων οδηγιών και εργαλείων για την οργάνωση και παρακολούθηση μιας συνδυαστικής παρέμβασης νοητικής, σωματικής εξάσκησης και έξυπνου σπιτιού για άτομα με αρχόμενη άνοια υπό το πρίσμα της ιατρικής πληροφορικής. Σε αυτό το πλαίσιο, εξετάζονται αρχικά μεμονωμένα και κατόπιν σε συνδυασμό οι τρεις προαναφερόμενοι τύποι παρέμβασης. Επιπλέον, διερευνώνται οι σύγχρονες συμβατικές και ηλεκτρονικές δοκιμασίες διάγνωσης. Για την ολοκλήρωση του προγράμματος χρησιμοποιούνται εργαλεία οργάνωσης, παρακολούθησης και αξιολόγησης της παρέμβασης από τους ίδιους τους χρήστες. Έχει σχεδιαστεί ένα ερωτηματολόγιο διερεύνησης πρόθεσης και προσδιορισμού των αναγκών και των επιλογών των συμμετεχόντων, ώστε η παρέμβαση να ανταποκρίνεται κατά το μέγιστο δυνατό στις ιδιαιτερότητές τους. Διερευνήθηκαν επίσης οι δυνατότητες αξιολόγησης της χρηστικότητας του υλικού, σύμφωνα με ευρέως αποδεκτές μεθόδους. Τέλος, γίνεται προσπάθεια να απαντηθούν ζητήματα ιατρικής ηθικής και δεοντολογίας.
description: This project aims at the creation of a complete framework of directions and tools for the organization and monitoring of a combined intervention of cognitive, physical training and smart home applications for people with mild cognitive impairment in the context of medical informatics. Cognitive, physical training and smart home interventions are examined separately at first and then in possible combinations. Moreover, update conventional and electronic diagnostic tests are also examined. Organizing, monitoring and evaluation tools are used for the completion of the project. A questionnaire is created to assess participation intent and estimate the needs and choices of the users, in order to fit the intervention to their specificities. The possibility of evaluating the usability of the material is also examined, according to generally approved methods. Finally, an effort is made to present medical ethics and principles.
Χρηματοδότηση της υγειονομικής περίθαλψης στην Ελλάδα:
Creators: name: Γαραντζιώτη-Ξεζωνάτου, Σταυρούλα Βασιλείου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2011
Subjects: χρηματοδότηση
δημόσιος
ιδιωτικός
financing
public
private

description: Εδώ και πάνω από δύο δεκαετίες, τα συστήματα υγείας και οι δαπάνες τους τέθηκαν στο επίκεντρο της πολιτικής και οικονομικής ενασχόλησης σε όλες τις ανεπτυγμένες χώρες. Αποτέλεσμα αυτή της ενασχόλησης ήταν οι μεταρρυθμίσεις των συστημάτων υγείας – μεταρρυθμίσεις που απαιτούσαν μια αλλαγή του τρόπου χρηματοδότησης με κοινό χαρακτηριστικό τη συγκράτηση και τον έλεγχο των πόρων που εισρέουν στο σύστημα. Το Ελληνικό Σύστημα Υγείας, αργά ή γρήγορα, θα κληθεί να συμπλεύσει με αυτή τη διεθνή πρακτική. Για το σκοπό αυτό απαιτείται η ανάλυση των πηγών και της ροής χρηματοδότησής του που αποτελεί και το ερευνητικό αντικείμενο αυτής της εργασίας. Η μεθοδολογία που χρησιμοποιήθηκε βασίζεται στην ανάλυση δευτερογενών και τριτογενών δεδομένων κρατικών και ιδιωτικών φορέων και διεθνών οργανισμών. Τα αποτελέσματα που προκύπτουν εμφανίζουν την ιδιαιτερότητα του συστήματος υγείας στην Ελλάδα σε σύγκριση με τα ευρωπαϊκά δεδομένα, επειδή η χρηματοδότησή του στηρίζεται στη συνύπαρξη πολλαπλών πηγών, του κρατικού προϋπολογισμού, της κοινωνικής ασφάλισης, της ιδιωτικής ασφάλισης και των ιδιωτικών πληρωμών, και αυτή ακριβώς η ιδιαιτερότητά του καθιστά δύσκολη οποιαδήποτε μεταρρύθμισή του.
description: For over two decades, the health systems and health expenditure were placed in the centre of the political and economic view of all developed countries. As a result of all the above were the reforms of health systems that required a change of the way of financing. The Greek System of Health, sooner or later, will be called to follow the international practice. For this reason it is required the analysis of sources and the flow of financing which are the subjects of this task. The methodology is based on the analysis of secondary and tertiary data given by government owned and private institutions and international organisms. The results present the particularity of system of health in Greece compared to the European data, because its financing is supported in the coexistence of multiple sources, government owned budget, social insurance, private insurance and private payments, and this particularity prevents any reform .
Magnetic dilution by severe plastic deformation
Creators: name: Stückler, Martin
name: Weissitsch, Lukas
name: Wurster, Stefan
name: Felfer, Peter
name: Krenn, Heinz
name: Pippan, Reinhard
name: Bachmaier, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mixtures of Fe and Cu powders are cold-compacted and subsequently deformed with severe plastic deformation by high-pressure torsion, leading to bulk samples. The dilution of Fe in the Cu matrix is investigated with SQUID-magnetometry, whereas the magnetic properties change as a function of Fe-content from a frustrated regime to a thermal activated behaviour. The magnetic properties are correlated with the microstructure, investigated by synchrotron X-ray diffraction and atom probe tomography. Annealing of the as-deformed states leads to demixing and grain growth, with the coercivity as a function of annealing temperature obeying the random anisotropy model. The presented results show that high-pressure torsion is a technique capable to affect the microstructure even on atomic length scales.
Detection of $k$-partite entanglement and $k$-nonseparability of multipartite quantum states
Creators: name: Hong, Yan
name: Gao, Ting
name: Yan, Fengli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Identifying the $k$-partite entanglement and $k$-nonseparability of general $N$-partite quantum states are fundamental issues in quantum information theory. By use of computable inequalities of nonlinear operators, we present some simple and powerful $k$-partite entanglement and $k$-nonseparability criteria that works very well and allow for a simple and inexpensive test for the whole hierarchy of $k$-partite entanglement and $k$-separability of $N$-partite systems with $k$ running from $N$ down to 2. We illustrate their strengths by considering several examples in which our criteria perform better than other known detection criteria. We are able to detect $k$-partite entanglement and $k$-nonseparabilty of multipartite systems which have previously not been identified. In addition, our results can be implemented in today's experiments.
description: 10 pages
Data Management Plan (DMP)
Creators: name: Grünwald, Katharina M. E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The presentation was created for the NFDI-MatWerk Summer School 2024. The content provides a deep dive into the topic of "Data Management Plans" (DMP). It begins with an introduction to the subject by drawing an analogy to the equivalent goal of proper knowledge collection in the sense of a library. It is explained that the DMP currently serves as a crutch in the media transformation, as there are still no comprehensive purely digital processes for data processing. The presentation further addresses the content of a DMP. The approach is tool-agnostic, and participants are encouraged to understand the purpose of the DMP and be guided towards self-help: What does the current technical infrastructure look like that is available for my research project, and where are there blind spots? To this end, there is an exercise called the "Data Map" that visualizes the technical infrastructure and makes it more tangible.
Προβληματική Χρήση του Διαδικτύου:
Creators: name: Δαλαμήτρα, Ευανθία Θεόδωρου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2011
Subjects: Διαδίκτυο
Εθισμός
Προβληματική συμπεριφορά
Internet
Addiction
Problematic Behavior

description: Η διαρκώς αυξανόμενη χρήση του διαδικτύου από χρήστες που έχουν διαφορετική κοινωνική, οικονομική επιφάνεια, κουλτούρα, νοοτροπία, παιδεία και κυρίως προέρχονται όλες τις ηλικιακές ομάδες, οδηγεί τους χρήστες του διαδικτύου πολλές φορές σε ποικίλες και διαφορετικές συμπεριφορές. Τα τελευταία χρόνια οι επιστήμονες της ψυχιατρικής και της ψυχολογίας μελετούν αυτές τις συμπεριφορές με σκοπό να τις εξηγήσουν και να τις κατανοήσουν. Στην παρούσα εργασία ερευνάται εάν γίνεται ή όχι «Προβληματική» χρήση του διαδικτύου από τους εφήβους μαθητές, σε ποιο βαθμό γίνεται και τα πιθανά αιτία που οδηγούν στην Προβληματική Χρήση του διαδικτύου. Η έρευνα γίνεται μέσω ενός ερωτηματολογίου που περιλαμβάνει ποσοτικά και ποιοτικά στοιχεία. Το ερωτηματολόγιο της έρευνας στηρίχτηκε στα διαγνωστικά κριτήρια της Young. Η κλίμακα μέτρησης που χρησιμοποιήθηκε είναι η ΙΑΤ (Internet Addiction Test). Τα αποτελέσματα της έρευνας έδειξαν σε πολύ μικρό ποσοστό συγκεκριμένα 3% «προβληματική χρήση» του διαδικτύου από τους μαθητές. Στην συγκεκριμένη έρευνα μεταξύ των άλλων τέθηκε και ερευνήθηκε το ερώτημα οι μαθητές που κάνουν προβληματική χρήση του διαδικτύου ποιες εφαρμογές χρησιμοποιούν περισσότερο και αν έχουν κοινές δραστηριότητες και εκτός διαδικτύου. Η έρευνα καταδεικνύει ότι στις περιπτώσεις προβληματικής χρήσης που εξεταστήκαν οι μαθητές είχαν τις ίδιες δραστηριότητες τόσο μέσα στο διαδίκτυο όσο και έξω από αυτό. Συνεπώς αν δεν γινόταν χρήση του διαδικτύου θα είχαν την ίδια ακριβώς προβληματική συμπεριφορά. Αυτό το συγκεκριμένο συμπέρασμα αποτελεί την καινοτομία της παρούσας μελέτης.
description: The increasing use of the web by persons, with different social and financial background, different culture, habits or education and age, leads the users to various behavior patterns. Recently, the scientists of psychiatry and psychology studied such behavior patterns in order to explain and understand them. We investigate the use of the web by the teenage students becoming problematic, to what extend this is happening and the possible causes leading to problematic behavior patterns. The survey is done through a questionnaire which includes, both quantitative and quantitative data. The survey questionnaire was based on the diagnostic criteria of Young. The measurement scale used is the IAT (Internet Addiction Test). The survey results showed a very low rate (3%) of specifically "problematic” use of the web by the students. Another question which was put and investigated concerned the applications used mostly by the students with problematic behaviour and whether they have common activities in the daily life. The research shows that in all cases of problematic use of the web, the students behaved similarly both on line and in their dally life. Consequently if they didn’t use the web they would behave in exactly the same problematic way. This particular conclusion is the novelty of this study.
Aspects of p-adic non-linear functional analysis
Creators: name: Glockner, Helge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 26E30; 46S10; 22E65; 26E15; 26E20; 37D10; 46T20; 47J07; 58C15; 58C20

description: The article provides an introduction to infinite-dimensional differential calculus over topological fields and surveys some of its applications, notably in the areas of infinite-dimensional Lie groups and dynamical systems.
description: 19 pages; LaTeX
Can the soft excess in AGN originate from disc reflection?
Creators: name: Done, Chris
name: Nayakshin, Sergei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The soft excess seen in many AGN is most probably due to partially ionized material moving at relativistic speeds close to the black hole. There are currently two potential geometries for this material, one where it is out of the line of sight, seen via reflection, e.g. the accretion disc, the other where it is in the line of sight, seen in absorption e.g. a wind above the disc. Both models require apparent fine tuning of the ionization parameter of this material in order to produce the large jump in opacity at $\sim 0.7$ keV associated with OVII/VIII, as required to make the soft excess. However, Chevalier et al (2006) show that these states rather naturally dominate the absorption spectrum for soft X-ray spectra if the illuminated material is (at least approximately) in pressure balance. Here we explore whether hydrostatic pressure equilibrium in a disc can likewise naturally select the required ionization states in reflection. We find the opposite. The soft excess X-ray excess is much weaker in the hydrostatic models than it is in the constant density models. Since even the constant density models cannot fit the largest soft excesses seen without the intrinsic continuum being hidden from view, this means that reflection from a hydrostatic disc cannot realistically match the data. Even if the disc structure is instead more like a constant density atmosphere, the required fine--tuning of the ionization parameter still remains a problem for reflection models.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, accepted to MNRAS with minor changes from the submitted version
BN-invariant sharpness regularizes the training model to better generalization
Creators: name: Yi, Mingyang
name: Zhang, Huishuai
name: Chen, Wei
name: Ma, Zhi-Ming
name: Liu, Tie-Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: It is arguably believed that flatter minima can generalize better. However, it has been pointed out that the usual definitions of sharpness, which consider either the maxima or the integral of loss over a $δ$ ball of parameters around minima, cannot give consistent measurement for scale invariant neural networks, e.g., networks with batch normalization layer. In this paper, we first propose a measure of sharpness, BN-Sharpness, which gives consistent value for equivalent networks under BN. It achieves the property of scale invariance by connecting the integral diameter with the scale of parameter. Then we present a computation-efficient way to calculate the BN-sharpness approximately i.e., one dimensional integral along the "sharpest" direction. Furthermore, we use the BN-sharpness to regularize the training and design an algorithm to minimize the new regularized objective. Our algorithm achieves considerably better performance than vanilla SGD over various experiment settings.
Introduction to Research Data Management (RDM)
Creators: name: Grünwald, Katharina M. E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The presentation was created for the NFDI-MatWerk Summer School 2024. The content provides a broad overview of research data management (RDM). The aim was to foster an understanding of the media development in knowledge management and data management. Furthermore, the FAIR principles, the data lifecycle, and specific tools that cover the data lifecycle are introduced, including metadata management. Additionally, NFDI and NFDI-MatWerk are presented to raise awareness and understanding of the consortium's work within the Materials Science and Engineering (MSE) community.
Electric field based Poisson-Boltzmann: Treating mobile charge as polarization
Creators: name: Sprik, Michiel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mobile charge in an electrolytic solution can in principle be represented as the divergence of ionic polarization. After adding explicit solvent polarization a finite volume of electrolyte can then be treated as a composite non-uniform dielectric body. Writing the electrostatic interactions as an integral over electric field energy density we show that the Poisson-Boltzmann functional in this formulation is convex and can be used to derive the equilibrium equations for electric potential and ion concentration by a variational procedure developed by Ericksen for dielectric continua (Arch. Rational Mech. Anal. 2007, 183, 299-313). The Maxwell field equations are enforced by extending the set of variational parameters by a vector potential representing the dielectric displacement which is fully transverse in a dielectric system without embedded external charge. The electric field energy density in this representation is a function of the vector potential and the sum of ionic and solvent polarization making the mutual screening explicit.
description: preprint 11 pages
Real-Time Resource Allocation for Tracking Systems
Creators: name: Satsangi, Yash
name: Whiteson, Shimon
name: Oliehoek, Frans A.
name: Bouma, Henri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Automated tracking is key to many computer vision applications. However, many tracking systems struggle to perform in real-time due to the high computational cost of detecting people, especially in ultra high resolution images. We propose a new algorithm called \emph{PartiMax} that greatly reduces this cost by applying the person detector only to the relevant parts of the image. PartiMax exploits information in the particle filter to select $k$ of the $n$ candidate \emph{pixel boxes} in the image. We prove that PartiMax is guaranteed to make a near-optimal selection with error bounds that are independent of the problem size. Furthermore, empirical results on a real-life dataset show that our system runs in real-time by processing only 10\% of the pixel boxes in the image while still retaining 80\% of the original tracking performance achieved when processing all pixel boxes.
description: http://auai.org/uai2017/proceedings/papers/130.pdf
Этнокультурные и медико-демографические аспекты концепции устойчивого развития
Creators: name: А.Н., Ямсков
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: устойчивое развитие
социальная экология
экология человека
критерии адаптации
этноэкология

description: В статье рассмотрены основные индикаторы, по которым можно оценить степень приближения общества к состоянию устойчивого развития. Эти индикаторы характеризуют этнокультурную специфику общества и медико-демографические особенности населения.
On the structure of $(2+1)$--dimensional commutative and noncommutative integrable equations
Creators: name: Wang, Jing Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop the symbolic representation method to derive the hierarchies of $(2+1)$-dimensional integrable equations from the scalar Lax operators and to study their properties globally. The method applies to both commutative and noncommutative cases in the sense that the dependent variable takes its values in ${\mathbb C}$ or a noncommutative associative algebra. We prove that these hierarchies are indeed quasi-local in the commutative case as conjectured by Mikhailov and Yamilov in 1998. We propose a ring extension based on the symbolic representation. As examples, we give noncommutative versions of KP, mKP and Boussinesq equations.
description: 17 pages
New solutions to the Ginsparg-Wilson equation
Creators: name: Cundy, Nigel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The overlap operator is just the simplest of a class of Dirac operators with an exact chiral symmetry. I demonstrate how a general class of chiral Dirac operators can be constructed, show that they have no fermion doublers and that they are all exponentially local, and test my conclusions numerically for a few examples. However, since these operators are more expensive than the overlap operator, it is unlikely that they will be useful in practical simulations.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures; v2 typos corrected, references and small additional section added; v3 major changes to the introduction and concluding sections; some typos corrected; to appear in Nucl. Phys. B
Memory effects in glasses: insights into the thermodynamics of out of equilibrium systems revealed by a simple model of the Kovacs effect
Creators: name: Peyrard, Michel
name: Garden, Jean-Luc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper is an extended version of an article accepted for publication in Physical Review E. Besides its fundamental interest, the model that we investigate in this article is simple enough to be used as a basis for courses or tutorials on the thermodynamics of out of equilibrium systems. It allows simple numerical calculations and analytical analysis which highlight important concepts with an easily workable example. This version includes studies of fast cooling and heating, exhibiting cases with negative heat capacity, and further discussions on the entropy which are not presented in the Physical Review E version. Glasses are interesting materials because they allow us to explore the puzzling properties of out-of-equilibrium systems. One of them is the Kovacs effect in which a glass, brought to an out-of-equilibrium state in which all its thermodynamic variables are identical to those of an equilibrium state, nevertheless evolves, showing a hump in some global variable before the thermodynamic variables come back to their starting point. We show that a simple three-state system is sufficient to study this phenomenon using numerical integrations and exact analytical calculations. It also brings some light on the concept of fictive temperature, often used to extend standard thermodynamics to the out-of-equilibrium properties of glasses. We confirm that the concept of a unique fictive temperature is not valid, an show it can be extended to make a connection with the various relaxation processes in the system. The model also brings further insights on the thermodynamics of out-of-equilibrium systems. Moreover we show that the three-state model is able to describe various effects observed in glasses such as the asymmetric relaxation to equilibrium discussed by Kovacs, or the reverse crossover measured on $B_2O_3$.
description: Extended form of a paper accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. E
Reply to "Comment on `Nonstandard superconductivity or no superconductivity in hydrides under high pressure' "
Creators: name: Hirsch, J. E.
name: Marsiglio, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In Ref. [1] we surveyed the known hydride superconductors, and compared their resistive behavior to that of typical known superconductors, including conventional (e.g. NbN and MgB$_2$) and unconventional (e.g. YBCO) superconductors, and concluded that the behavior of the hydrides was indicative of nonstandard or no superconductivity. In the preceding comment, Talantsev, Minkov, Balakirev and Eremets [2] (arXiv:2311.07865) claim that we presented a "flawed analysis and a selective and inaccurate report of published data." Here we show that this claim is wrong.
description: Reply to arXiv:2311.07865
A deep learning pipeline for identification of motor units in musculoskeletal ultrasound
Creators: name: Ali, Hazrat
name: Umander, Johannes
name: Rohlén, Robin
name: Grönlund, Christer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Ultrasound imaging provides information from a large part of the muscle. It has recently been shown that ultrafast ultrasound imaging can be used to record and analyze the mechanical response of individual MUs using blind source separation. In this work, we present an alternative method - a deep learning pipeline - to identify active MUs in ultrasound image sequences, including segmentation of their territories and signal estimation of their mechanical responses (twitch train). We train and evaluate the model using simulated data mimicking the complex activation pattern of tens of activated MUs with overlapping territories and partially synchronized activation patterns. Using a slow fusion approach (based on 3D CNNs), we transform the spatiotemporal image sequence data to 2D representations and apply a deep neural network architecture for segmentation. Next, we employ a second deep neural network architecture for signal estimation. The results show that the proposed pipeline can effectively identify individual MUs, estimate their territories, and estimate their twitch train signal at low contraction forces. The framework can retain spatio-temporal consistencies and information of the mechanical response of MU activity even when the ultrasound image sequences are transformed into a 2D representation for compatibility with more traditional computer vision and image processing techniques. The proposed pipeline is potentially useful to identify simultaneously active MUs in whole muscles in ultrasound image sequences of voluntary skeletal muscle contractions at low force levels.
The role of microorganisms in the phenomenon of hemlock brownstain
Creators: name: Kreber, Bernhard
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Hemlock brownstain, a discoloration which varies in type and intensity and occurs in amabilis fir (Abies amabilis (Dougl.) Forbes) and western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla (Raf) Sarg.) was investigated because it is a serious problem in the high-value lumber markets. The objective of this study was to understand the causes of hemlock brownstain, more specifically with emphasis on the role of microorganisms, and to suggest means for its control. While hemlock brownstain can vary macroscopically, a similar microscopic distribution of the brown coloration was demonstrated to be mainly associated with parenchyma cells and to a lesser degree with longitudinal tracheids. The brown deposits which were frequently associated with hyphae and bacteria, contained catechin as shown histochemically. Inoculation of western hemlock sap and wood with fungi and bacteria produced brownstain in vitro. The brown colorations which can develop in western hemlock during seasoning, were then investigated in field studies on logs and lumber. Extensive log storage time was demonstrated to promote brownstain as was salt water storage of logs, the latter producing more brownstain than logs stored on land. Fungi were isolated from freshly felled logs and from sawn lumber and they were believed to represent an endemic wood microflora. A link was suggested between fungi and brownstain. Low solubility phenols were associated with brownstained regions when compared to non-stained areas and migration of phenols to the wood surface was indicated. Infection of western hemlock lumber with Ophiostoma piceae produced brown deposits but subsequent immunolabeling with a monoclonal antibody proved unsuccessful in linking the brownstain to the fungus. However, laboratory experiments demonstrated that sapstaining fungi can produce browning in western hemlock sap as they shifted the pH from 5 to near 7, which caused ionization and oxidation of phenols. Browning induced by fungi was inhibited when the sap was buffered in the acidic range. While browning did occur at neutral pH, it did not occur in the absence of oxygen. Browning was also demonstrated in 15 /xm sections when infected with 0. piceae, suggesting that browning can occur in the presence of very small amounts of colour precursors. Furthermore, light microscopy demonstrated a lack of pigmentation of the 0. piceae hyphae when grown on western hemlock which contrasted with the formation of pigmented hyphae (sapstain) when grown on lodgepole pine. This observation suggested that physiological factors associated with the presence of the fungus triggered brownstain in western hemlock and that hemlock brownstain was unrelated to pigment formation by the fungus itself.
Knowledge Graph Reasoning with Self-supervised Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Ma, Ying
name: Burns, Owen
name: Wang, Mingqiu
name: Li, Gang
name: Du, Nan
name: Shafey, Laurent El
name: Wang, Liqiang
name: Shafran, Izhak
name: Soltau, Hagen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Reinforcement learning (RL) is an effective method of finding reasoning pathways in incomplete knowledge graphs (KGs). To overcome the challenges of a large action space, a self-supervised pre-training method is proposed to warm up the policy network before the RL training stage. To alleviate the distributional mismatch issue in general self-supervised RL (SSRL), in our supervised learning (SL) stage, the agent selects actions based on the policy network and learns from generated labels; this self-generation of labels is the intuition behind the name self-supervised. With this training framework, the information density of our SL objective is increased and the agent is prevented from getting stuck with the early rewarded paths. Our self-supervised RL (SSRL) method improves the performance of RL by pairing it with the wide coverage achieved by SL during pretraining, since the breadth of the SL objective makes it infeasible to train an agent with that alone. We show that our SSRL model meets or exceeds current state-of-the-art results on all Hits@k and mean reciprocal rank (MRR) metrics on four large benchmark KG datasets. This SSRL method can be used as a plug-in for any RL architecture for a KGR task. We adopt two RL architectures, i.e., MINERVA and MultiHopKG as our baseline RL models and experimentally show that our SSRL model consistently outperforms both baselines on all of these four KG reasoning tasks. Full code for the paper available at https://github.com/owenonline/Knowledge-Graph-Reasoning-with-Self-supervised-Reinforcement-Learning.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures
A Theory for the Maximum Magnitude versus Rate of Decline (MMRD) Relation of Classical Novae
Creators: name: Hachisu, Izumi
name: Saio, Hideyuki
name: Kato, Mariko
name: Henze, Martin
name: Shafter, Allen W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a theory for the MMRD relation of novae, using free-free emission model light curves built on the optically thick wind theory. We calculated $(t_3,M_{V,\rm max})$ for various sets of $(\dot M_{\rm acc}, M_{\rm WD})$, where $M_{V,\rm max}$ is the peak absolute $V$ magnitude, $t_3$ is the 3-mag decay time from the peak, and $\dot M_{\rm acc}$ is the mass accretion rate on to the white dwarf (WD) of mass $M_{\rm WD}$. The model light curves are uniquely characterized by $x\equiv M_{\rm env}/M_{\rm sc}$, where $M_{\rm env}$ is the hydrogen-rich envelope mass and $M_{\rm sc}$ is the scaling mass at which the wind has a certain wind mass-loss rate. For a given ignition mass $M_{\rm ig}$, we can specify the first point $x_0= M_{\rm ig}/M_{\rm sc}$ on the model light curve, and calculate the corresponding peak brightness and $t_3$ time from this first point. Our $(t_3, M_{V,\rm max})$ points cover well the distribution of existing novae. The lower the mass accretion rate, the brighter the peak. The maximum brightness is limited to $M_{V,\rm max} \gtrsim -10.4$ by the lowest mass-accretion rate of $\dot M_{\rm acc} \gtrsim1 \times 10^{-11}~M_\odot$ yr$^{-1}$. A significant part of the observational MMRD trend corresponds to the $\dot M_{\rm acc}\sim5\times10^{-9}~M_\odot$ yr$^{-1}$ line with different WD masses. A scatter from the trend line indicates a variation in their mass-accretion rates. Thus, the global trend of an MMRD relation does exist, but its scatter is too large for it to be a precision distance indicator of individual novae. We tabulate $(t_3, M_{V,\rm max})$ for many sets of $(\dot M_{\rm acc},M_{\rm WD})$.
description: 23 pages, 9 figures, to appear in ApJ
Codeswitched Sentence Creation using Dependency Parsing
Creators: name: Jain, Dhruval
name: Prabhu, Arun D
name: Vatsal, Shubham
name: Ramena, Gopi
name: Purre, Naresh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Codeswitching has become one of the most common occurrences across multilingual speakers of the world, especially in countries like India which encompasses around 23 official languages with the number of bilingual speakers being around 300 million. The scarcity of Codeswitched data becomes a bottleneck in the exploration of this domain with respect to various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. We thus present a novel algorithm which harnesses the syntactic structure of English grammar to develop grammatically sensible Codeswitched versions of English-Hindi, English-Marathi and English-Kannada data. Apart from maintaining the grammatical sanity to a great extent, our methodology also guarantees abundant generation of data from a minuscule snapshot of given data. We use multiple datasets to showcase the capabilities of our algorithm while at the same time we assess the quality of generated Codeswitched data using some qualitative metrics along with providing baseline results for couple of NLP tasks.
KIMYOVIY QO'SHIMCHASIZ BETON NAMUNALARINING MUSTAHKAMLIGINI TADQIQ QILISH.
Creators: name: Botirov, Bektosh
name: Akramov, A.A.
name: Irgashev, Jamshid
name: Ismatillayev Shahzod, Shahzod
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Maqolada mualliflarning bino va inshootlarning konstruksiyalarini mustahkamlash va rekonstruktsiya qilishda O‘zbekistonda ishlab chiqariladigan kimyoviy qo‘shimchalarni qo‘llash asosida olinadigan B30 hamda B40 sinfidagi betonlarning tavsiflari bilan solishtirish maqsadida etalon sifatida qabul qilinadigan beton  mustahkamligi bo‘yicha natijalari taxlil qilingan.
Charm and beauty structure of the proton
Creators: name: Brugnera, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper will review the data collected by the H1 and ZEUS Collaborations concerning the production of heavy quarks (charm and beauty) at the electron-proton collider HERA. Heavy quark production is an important testing ground for quantum chromodynamics (QCD), because QCD calculations are expected to be reliable if a hard scale is present in the process. In heavy quarks production a hard scale is provided by the quark mass. Moreover heavy quarks production can give direct access to the gluon density in the proton due to the fact that it proceeds, in QCD, almost exclusively via photon-gluon fusion, where a photon from the incoming electron interacts with a gluon in the proton giving an heavy quark-anti-quark pair. Results will be shown both for deep-inelastic scattering (DIS), where the virtuality of the exchanged boson Q**2 is large, and photo-production, where the Q**2 is equal to zero. Various experimental techniques are used in order to select charm and beauty events, ranging from the measurement of D* cross section to impact parameter analyses. The results are found to be compatible with the predictions of perturbative QCD. A brief summary of the open charm analyses done by the COMPASS Collaboration will be also given.
description: 20 pages; Talk presented at ``Heavy Quarks & Leptons'', October 16th -- 20th 2006, Munich, Germany
Υπηρεσίες Ιστού σε Περιβάλλοντα Διάχυτης Νοημοσύνης:
Creators: name: Σταυρόπουλος, Αθανάσιος Γεωργίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2011
Subjects: Υπηρεσίες Ιστού
Διάχυτη Νοημοσύνη
Web Services
Ambient Intelligence

description: Αντικείμενο της παρούσας εργασίας είναι η διερεύνηση και ανάπτυξη μιας εφαρμογής Διάχυτης Νοημοσύνης με χρήση Υπηρεσιών Ιστού. Καθώς ο σύγχρονος άνθρωπος περικυκλώνεται από συσκευές με υπολογιστική ικανότητα, η ανάγκη για εφαρμογές Διάχυτης Νοημοσύνης που θα αυτοματοποιούν κάποιες καθημερινές εργασίες και θα κάνουν την εμπειρία του πιο άνετη και ασφαλή, αυξάνεται. Αυτές οι εφαρμογές βασίζονται πρωτίστως στην έκθεση δεδομένων και λειτουργειών αισθητήρων και οργάνων δράσης σε ένα έξυπνο περιβάλλον μέσω Υπηρεσιών Ιστού,σχηματίζοντας το λεγόμενο Internet of Things. Στην παρούσα εργασία δίνεται έμφαση στο λειτουργικό κομμάτι της Διάχυτης Νοημοσύνης και αναπτύσσεται το πακέτο Υπηρεσιών Ιστού aWESoME, ως ενδιάμεσο λογισμικό ανάμεσα σε εφαρμογές και έξυπνες συσκευές. Το aWESoME παρέχει, εκτός των άλλων, ομοιόμορφη πρόσβαση σε ετερογενή δεδομένα από συσκευές διαφόρων κατασκευαστών. Επιπλέον, προσφέρεται ως θεμέλιο για την ανάπτυξη εφαρμογών που το εκμεταλλεύονται. Σε δεύτερη φάση αναπτύχθηκε μια τέτοια εφαρμογή, η εφαρμογή iDEALISM, η οποία παρουσιάζει τις Υπηρεσίες στο χρήστη, με σκοπό την έξυπνη διαχείριση και εξοικονόμηση ενέργειας. Τέλος, σημειώνεται ότι το aWESoME δεν προσφέρεται μόνο για τέτοιες γραφικές εφαρμογές αλλά και για ερευνητικές – όπως αυτή της ευφυούς σύνθεσης των Υπηρεσιών με χρήση Σχεδιασμού Ενεργειών.
description: The objective of this workis to investige and develop an Ambient Intelligence application using Web Services. As modern man is surrounded by computing devices more and more, the need for Ambient Intelligence applications, that would automate tasks and render his experience more instinctive, comfortable and secure, is eminent. These applications are based primarily on exposing data and functions of sensors and actuators in a Smart Space, through Web Services, forming the so-called Internet of Things. This work includes development of the aWESoME Web Service middleware that intermediates between applications and smart devices. aWESoME provides universal access to heterogeneous data from different devices, by different manufacturers. Moreover, it serves as a basis for applications exploiting it. iDEALISM is such an application and was developed during the second phase of this work. iDEALISM, presents a GUI for those services, and targets smart management and energy savings. Finally, aWESoME, above all, can be exploited in the future for research, for instance for intelligent Service Composition using AI Planning.
Photon-assisted Landau-Zener transitions in a periodically driven Rabi dimer coupled to a dissipative mode
Creators: name: Zheng, Fulu
name: Shen, Yuejun
name: Sun, Kewei
name: Zhao, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate multiple photon-assisted Landau-Zener (LZ) transitions in a hybrid circuit quantum electrodynamics device in which each of two interacting transmission-line resonators is coupled to a qubit, and the qubits are driven by periodic driving fields and also coupled to a common phonon mode. The quantum state of the entire composite system is modeled using the multi-$\rm D_2$ Ansatz in combination with the time-dependent Dirac-Frenkel variational principle. Applying a sinusoidal driving field to one of the qubits, this device is an ideal platform to study the photon-assisted LZ transitions by comparing the dynamics of the two qubits. A series of interfering photon-assisted LZ transitions take place if the photon frequency is much smaller than the driving amplitude. Once the two energy scales are comparable, independent LZ transitions arise and a transition pathway is revealed using an energy diagram. It is found that both adiabatic and nonadiabatic transitions are involved in the dynamics. Used to model environmental effects on the LZ transitions, the common phonon mode coupled to the qubits allows for more available states to facilitate the LZ transitions. An analytical formula is obtained to estimate the short-time phonon population and produces results in reasonable agreement with numerical calculations. Equipped with the knowledge of the photon-assisted LZ transitions in the system, we can precisely manipulate the qubit state and successfully generate the qubit dynamics with a square-wave pattern by applying driving fields to both qubits, opening up new venues to manipulate the states of qubits and photons in quantum information devices and quantum computers
Χρονική ολίσθηση παλμών (timing jitter) σε διαδοχικά στάδια μετατροπής μήκους κύματος:
Creators: name: Καραχάλιος, Αντώνιος Αθανασίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2011
Subjects: χρονική ολίσθηση
οπτική αναγέννηση
ημιαγώγιμος οπτικός ενισχυτής
jitter
optical regeneration
SOA

description: Η ανάπτυξη αμιγώς οπτικών αναγεννητών στα μελλοντικά οπτικά δίκτυα μπορεί να συντελέσει σημαντικά στην αύξηση της ταχύτητας και της ποιότητας των δικτύων σε σχέσεις με τις υλοποιήσεις μετατροπής του σήματος σε οπτικό-ηλεκτρικό-οπτικό. Ένας από τους σημαντικότερους παράγοντες υποβάθμισης, σε φυσικό επίπεδο, του μεταδιδόμενου σήματος στα οπτικά συστήματα επικοινωνίας, είναι το jitter (χρονική ολίσθηση). Είναι, έτσι εμφανής η σημασία ελέγχου του γεννώμενου σε οπτικά συστήματα επικοινωνίας jitter και η ανάγκη για σωστή αναγέννηση σήματος. Σ’ αυτή την κατεύθυνση, αποσκοπεί και η μελέτη που διεξάγεται στην παρούσα διπλωματική, μέσω προσομοίωσης, του φαινομένου του jitter που γεννάται σε 2R οπτικούς αναγεννητές. Πιο συγκεκριμένα μελετάται το πώς επηρεάζεται το jitter που προκύπτει όταν η εξάρτηση από το σήμα(pattern dependence) λόγω του φαινομένου ‘’μνήμης’’ μεταβάλλεται. Επιπλέον μελετάται το πώς επηρεάζει το jitter ο περιορισμός του διαθέσιμου εύρου ζώνης. Τέλος παρουσίαζεται πως τα φαινόμενα αυτά ατομικά και συνδυαστικά επηρεάζουν την δυνάτοτητα σύνδεσης διαδοχικά διασυνδεδεμένων 2R οπτικών αναγεννητών.
description: The deployment of all-optical regenerators in future optical networks may increase the transmission reach and allow for more flexible and efficient solutions compared to the O/E/O counterparts One of the major factors causing degradation in physical layer, to the transmitted signal in optical communication systems, is jitter. Thereby, the high importance of controlling jitter that is generated in optical communication systems is obvious. Towards this direction, aims the study, that is carried out in this thesis through simulation, of the phenomenon of jitter generated in optical 2R regenerators,. Specifically is studied, how the jitter ,tha occurs, changes when the pattern dependence form the memory effect is changed. Also is studied how the jitter is affected from the bandwidth limitation.Finally represents how these factors individual and combinational limit the 2R optical cascadability.
Magnetic Binary Supersaturated Solid Solutions Processed by Severe Plastic Deformation
Creators: name: Stückler, Martin
name: Krenn, Heinz
name: Pippan, Reinhard
name: Weissitsch, Lukas
name: Wurster, Stefan
name: Bachmaier, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Samples consisting of one ferromagnetic and one diamagnetic component which are immiscible at the thermodynamic equilibrium (Co-Cu, Fe-Cu, Fe-Ag) are processed by high-pressure torsion at various compositions. The received microstructures are investigated by electron microscopy and synchrotron X-ray diffraction, showing a microstructural saturation. Results gained from microstructural investigations are correlated to magnetometry data. The Co-Cu samples show mainly ferromagnetic behavior and a decrease in coercivity with increasing Co-content. The saturation microstructure of Fe-Cu samples is found to be dual phase. Results of magnetic measurements also revealed the occurrence of two different magnetic phases in this system. For Fe-Ag, the microstructural and magnetic results indicate that no intermixing between the elemental phases takes place.
The Chandrasekhar condition of the equilibrium and stability for a star in the nonextensive kinetic theory
Creators: name: Du, Jiulin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The idea of Chandrasekhar condition of the equilibrium and stability for a star is revisited in the nonextensive kinetic theory based on Tsallis entropy. A new analytical formula generalizing the Chandrasekhar condition is derived by assuming that the stellar matter is kinetically described by the generalized Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution in Tsallis statistics. It is found that the maximum radiation pressure allowed at the center of a star of a given mass is dependent on the nonextensive parameter q. The Chandrasekhar condition in the Maxwellian sense is recovered from the new condition in the case of q=1.
description: 9 pages,14 references
Nanoscopic charge fluctuations in a gallium phosphide waveguide measured by single molecules
Creators: name: Shkarin, Alexey
name: Rattenbacher, Dominik
name: Renger, Jan
name: Hönl, Simon
name: Utikal, Tobias
name: Seidler, Paul
name: Götzinger, Stephan
name: Sandoghdar, Vahid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present efficient coupling of single organic molecules to a gallium phosphide subwavelength waveguide (nanoguide). By examining and correlating the temporal dynamics of various single-molecule resonances at different locations along the nanoguide, we reveal light-induced fluctuations of their Stark shifts. Our observations are consistent with the predictions of a simple model based on the optical activation of a small number of charges in the GaP nanostructure.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures