cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Politics of cursing : imagining human difference in a BC mining town
Creators: name: Robertson, Leslie Anne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In the late 19th century, an English entrepreneur arrived on the B.C. frontier eager to learn the whereabouts of coal seams in the area. In exchange for this knowledge he courted and promised to marry an "Indian Princess." After receiving the information, he jilted the woman and submitted the first coal syndicate application for the Elk Valley. Indigenous people cast a curse on William Fernie, on the region and its residents. They would suffer from fires, floods and famine. This narrative forms the backbone of my dissertation. It is deeply ingrained in expressions of local identity, tied to personal histories and ideas of social justice. Ktunaxa traditionalists officially lifted the curse in a public ceremony in Fernie in 1964. I trace how participants speak about this event and the legend across generations and within shifting ideological contexts. Cursing is an important theme throughout this work. It implies the power that stories have to carry and construct meanings about who people are. My dissertation is an ethnography of ideas about human difference generated and transmitted through time and through narratives. Fernie, B.C. is currently transforming from a predominantly working-class resource-based town to an internationally recognized destination ski resort. I trace images, legends and theories as powerful narrative resources in the contexts of colonialism, war, immigration, labour strife, natural disaster, treaty-making and development for tourism. Folklore, mass media, scholarly theories and political discourses propagate narratives about human difference shaping the ways that people are imagined. Although rephrased and sometimes disguised, fundamental forms of race, gender, class, nationality, religion, age, locality and sexual preference remain intact. In Part I, I look at ideas of difference perpetuated in hegemonic discourses during three overlapping time periods. More contemporary taxonomies of difference appear in Part II. Ideas are transmitted across generations, they are evident in public performances and in narratives of place and space. Through participants' accounts I examine intersections between personal expressions and official narratives.
Cross-Border Political Donations and Pareto-Efficient Tariffs
Creators: name: Endoh, Masahiro
name: Endoh, Masahiro
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Public Economics
subject: cross-border donations
subject: truthful equilibrium
subject: Pareto-efficient tariffs

description: This paper examines the effects of lobbying activities across international borders, on determining each country's import tariff in a multi-principal, multi-agent, menu-auction model. Cross-border political donations could promote international policy cooperation because of two of their distinctive characteristics. First, special interest groups use cross-border donations as tools to wield their influence on ruling parties of other countries directly, which promotes efficiency of policy formation. Second, for ruling parties of countries, cross-border donations make them take into account the impact of their policy on other countries, which makes them more sensitive to other countries' welfare and, therefore, more cooperative with others. When ruling parties estimate the worth of political contributions from national special interest groups and from foreign lobbying groups with the same weight, Pareto-efficient tariffs are attained at which world welfare is maximized.
Gradient Amplification: An efficient way to train deep neural networks
Creators: name: Basodi, Sunitha
name: Ji, Chunyan
name: Zhang, Haiping
name: Pan, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Improving performance of deep learning models and reducing their training times are ongoing challenges in deep neural networks. There are several approaches proposed to address these challenges one of which is to increase the depth of the neural networks. Such deeper networks not only increase training times, but also suffer from vanishing gradients problem while training. In this work, we propose gradient amplification approach for training deep learning models to prevent vanishing gradients and also develop a training strategy to enable or disable gradient amplification method across several epochs with different learning rates. We perform experiments on VGG-19 and resnet (Resnet-18 and Resnet-34) models, and study the impact of amplification parameters on these models in detail. Our proposed approach improves performance of these deep learning models even at higher learning rates, thereby allowing these models to achieve higher performance with reduced training time.
description: 9 page document with 7 figures and one results table
Lagrangian formulation of classical fields within Riemann-Liouville fractional derivatives
Creators: name: Baleanu, D.
name: Muslih, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The classical fields with fractional derivatives are investigated by using the fractional Lagrangian formulation.The fractional Euler-Lagrange equations were obtained and two examples were studied.
description: 9 pages
Is India on a path to reduce the tobacco industry’s influence in tobacco control? Insights from the global tobacco industry interference Index (2019–2023)
Creators: name: Goel, Sonu
name: Walia, Diksha
name: Bhojani, Upendra
name: Bhatnagar, Nandita
name: Chopra, Mrinalima
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The tobacco industry (TI), driven by profit motives, consistently conceals health risks through deceptive strategies, notably in countries like India. These tactics create vulnerabilities that hinder effective tobacco control measures and enable the TI to exploit legal gaps. Understanding these TI strategies is essential for policymakers to take appropriate preventive and corrective measures in order to limit tobacco industry interference (TII) in policy-making. The study aims at understanding the trend of TII in India between 2019 and 2023. Methodology: The secondary data from the Global Tobacco Industry Interference report, consisting of seven major domains of the TII index, viz. policy participation, corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities, industry benefits, unnecessary interaction, transparency, conflict of interest, and preventive measures, were retrieved. A composite score was obtained after adding scores of different domains, for each year. Results: The findings of the study demonstrated an initial improvement in India’s implementation of WHO FCTC Article 5.3, as evidenced by a decreasing score between 2019 and 2021. However, this trend halted in 2023, with data showing a slight increase in the score. When compared with other Asian countries, India shows marginal improvement in score than Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Thailand, and South Korea. Some of the countries in the region, including India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Brunei, China, and Vietnam experienced a decline in TII. Discussion: There has been a rise in CSR activities, forms of unnecessary interactions of TII with policymakers, and participation in policy development; however, improvements are observed in providing benefits to the TI, conflict of interest, and preventive measures. In order to fortify the regulatory framework, it is imperative to create awareness among stakeholders on conflict of interest, denormalize corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives by the TI, provision of a watchdog for TII in the country and “whole of government” approach in implementation of FCTC Article 5.3.
Evolution of rough-surface geometry and crystalline structures of aligned TiO2 nanotubes for photoelectrochemical water splitting
Creators: name: Shafiekhani, Azizollah
name: Zare, Maryam
name: Solaymani, Shahram
name: Sławomir Kulesza
name: Ştefan Ţălu
name: Miroslaw Bramowicz
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 20301 Acoustics and Acoustical Devices; Waves
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Applied Physics
subject: Atomic Physics
subject: 20201 Atomic and Molecular Physics
subject: 20299 Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics not elsewhere classified
subject: 29901 Biological Physics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 20403 Condensed Matter Modelling and Density Functional Theory
subject: Condensed Matter Physics
subject: 20404 Electronic and Magnetic Properties of Condensed Matter; Superconductivity
subject: 20302 Electrostatics and Electrodynamics
subject: Entropy
subject: 20303 Fluid Physics
subject: 29903 Medical Physics
subject: 20503 Nonlinear Optics and Spectroscopy
subject: 20202 Nuclear Physics
subject: 20599 Optical Physics not elsewhere classified
subject: 20203 Particle Physics
subject: 20504 Photonics, Optoelectronics and Optical Communications
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 20405 Soft Condensed Matter
subject: 91308 Solid Mechanics
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: Nowadays, increasing awareness of environment and fossil fuels protection stimulates intensive research on clean and renewable sources of energy. Production of hydrogen from water through solar-driven splitting reactions is one of the most promising approaches in the field of photoelectrochemistry (PEC). In this work we have fabricated well-aligned, highly-ordered, smooth-mouth TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNAs) in a two-step anodization process of titanium foil, which were then used as photoelectrodes for PEC water splitting. It demonstrates for the first time correspondence between non-linear component characteristics of multiscale rough surface and crystalline structure of annealed TNAs measured at various fabrication stages and their photoelectrochemical response. The as-anodized TNAs with isotropic surface (deduced from AFM and SEM images) and largest figure of merit (according to their PEC performance) were annealed at 450 °C in air. Scale-invariant descriptors of the surface structure of the deposits involved: fractal dimension, corner frequency, roughness, size of nanostructures and their dominant habits. Moreover, X-ray diffraction data processed using the Rietveld method confirmed co-existence of various oxides, for example: TiO2 in the form of anatase, TiO and Ti3O5 phases in the TNAs under study pointing that previous well-established mechanisms of the TNA growth were to certain degree incomplete.
Worldline Instantons and Pair Production in Inhomogeneous Fields
Creators: name: Dunne, Gerald V.
name: Schubert, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how to do semiclassical nonperturbative computations within the worldline approach to quantum field theory using ``worldline instantons''. These worldline instantons are classical solutions to the Euclidean worldline loop equations of motion, and are closed spacetime loops parametrized by the proper-time. Specifically, we compute the imaginary part of the one loop effective action in scalar QED using ``worldline instantons'', for a wide class of inhomogeneous electric field backgrounds. We treat both time dependent and space dependent electric fields, and note that temporal inhomogeneities tend to shrink the instanton loops, while spatial inhomogeneities tend to expand them. This corresponds to temporal inhomogeneities tending to enhance local pair production, with spatial inhomogeneities tending to suppress local pair production. We also show how the worldline instanton technique extends to spinor QED.
description: 24 pages, 11 figures; v2: refs and section on spinor QED added
Chaillot, Christine: The Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Chrich Tradition
Creators: name: Munro-Hay, Stuart C.
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 88 (2004): Oriens christianus, Band 88
Consumption Growth in a Booming Economy: Taiwan 1976-96
Creators: name: McKenzie, David
name: McKenzie, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: consumption growth
subject: pseudo-panel
subject: prudence
subject: Taiwan

description: Consumption and income have both grown rapidly in Taiwan over the past forty years, with younger birth cohorts experiencing faster growth. The long upward trend in consumption presents a strong challenge to the consumption smoothing predictions of the Permanent Income Hypothesis. We investigate the extent to which consumption theory can account for this trend in an environment where a large majority of households have high savings rates. Household survey data from 1976-96 are used to estimate dynamic pseudo-panel models with inter-cohort heterogeneity. We evaluate the impacts on consumption of migration, mortality, household composition, liquidity constraints, unanticipated aggregate shocks, hyperbolic discounting, habit formation and precautionary saving. Taiwanese consumption growth is found to result from high levels of prudence, with the faster consumption growth of younger cohorts attributed to their greater participation in industries with more earnings risk.
An electromagnetic extension of the Schwarzschild interior solution and the corresponding Buchdahl limit
Creators: name: Sharma, Ranjan
name: Dadhich, Naresh
name: Das, Shyam
name: Maharaj, Sunil D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We wish to construct a model for charged star as a generalization of the uniform density Schwarzschild interior solution. We employ the Vaidya and Tikekar ansatz [{\it Astrophys. Astron.} {\bf 3} (1982) 325] for one of the metric potentials and electric field is chosen in such a way that when it is switched off the metric reduces to the Schwarzschild. This relates charge distribution to the Vaidya-Tikekar parameter, $k$, indicating deviation form sphericity of three dimensional space when embedded into four dimensional Euclidean space. The model is examined against all the physical conditions required for a relativistic charged fluid sphere as an interior to a charged star. We also obtain and discuss charged analogue of the Buchdahl compactness bound.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures
Additional file 3 of Nintedanib and immunomodulatory therapies in progressive fibrosing interstitial lung diseases
Creators: name: Cottin, Vincent
name: Richeldi, Luca
name: Rosas, Ivan
name: Otaola, Maria
name: Song, Jin Woo
name: Tomassetti, Sara
name: Wijsenbeek, Marlies
name: Schmitz, Manuela
name: Coeck, Carl
name: Stowasser, Susanne
name: Rozsa Schlenker-Herceg
name: Kolb, Martin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 3: Table S1. Proportions of subjects taking disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) at baseline by WHO standardized drug grouping and preferred name.
title: Urbane Resilienz - Entwicklung eines touristischen Klimawandelanpassungskonzepts für die Stadt Bremen
title: Urban resilience - development of a touristic climate change adaptation concept for the city of Bremen
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Meyer, Annemarie
Publisher: name: Hochschule Bremen
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Tourismus
subject: Klimawandel
subject: Klimawandelanpassung
subject: touristische Klimawandelanpassung
subject: tourism
subject: climate change
subject: climate change adaption
subject: touristic climate change adaptation
subject: 300

description: Der Klimawandel äußert sich weltweit und wirkt sich auf Umwelt, Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft aus. Damit zählt der Klimawandel zu einer der größten Herausforderungen, sowohl für die Gegenwart als auch für die Zukunft. Dem Tourismus wird in diesem Kontext einerseits die Rolle des Verursachers und andererseits des Betroffenen zugeschrieben: Transport und Konsum verursachen große Mengen an Emissionen, die den Klimawandel weiter verstärken. Im Gegensatz dazu sind viele touristische Destinationen auf intakte Naturlandschaften und bestimmte Wetterverhältnisse angewiesen, um attraktiv auf Touristen zu wirken. Aus diesem Grund sollten sich Destinationen frühzeitig mit den zu erwartenden Veränderungen auseinandersetzen, um die negativen Effekte zu minimieren und potenzielle Chancen nutzen zu können. Die vorliegende Masterthesis untersucht, inwiefern sich der Klimawandel auf städtische Destinationen auswirkt und behandelt dies spezifisch auf den Bremer Tourismussektor bezogen. Hierfür wird die Vulnerabilität Bremens analysiert und bewertet. Die methodische Vorgehens-weise zeichnet sich durch Literatur- und Internetrecherchen aus und wird durch qualitative und quantitative Erhebungen in Form von Experteninterviews und einer Umfrage bei den bremischen Leistungsträgern ergänzt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass der Bremer Tourismussektor bezüglich der klimatischen Auswirkungen eine mittlere bis hohe Betroffenheit aufweist und die Anpassungskapazität im mittleren Bereich einzuordnen ist, weshalb sich insgesamt eine mittlere Vulnerabilität für Bremen ergibt. Folglich ist der Tourismussektor anfällig gegenüber dem Klimawandel und es besteht Handlungsbedarf, um dem entgegenzuwirken. Hierfür wurde ein touristisches Klimawandelanpassungskonzept entwickelt, das zum einen auf der strategischen Ausrichtung der gesamtstädtischen Klimawandelanpassungsstrategie beruht und zum anderen spezifische touristische Anpassungsmaßnahmen beinhaltet. Hierbei liegt der Fokus auf Handlungsfeldern, die bisher noch nicht in der Strategie angesprochen werden, um Dopplungen zu vermeiden. Neben baulichen und infrastrukturellen Veränderungen sollten ebenfalls Maßnahmen bezüglich des Angebot- und Produktmarketings, zur Kommunikation sowie zur Organisation umgesetzt werden. Insgesamt soll dieses Konzept als Ergänzung der Strategie angesehen werden.
Household Decision Making and Savings Impacts: Further Evidence from a Commitment Savings Product in the Philippines
Creators: name: Ashraf, Nava
name: Karlan, Dean S.
name: Yin, Wesley
name: Ashraf, Nava
name: Karlan, Dean S.
name: Yin, Wesley
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics

description: Commitment devices for savings could benefit those with self-control as well as familial or spousal control issues. We find evidence to support both motivations. We examine the impact of a commitment savings product in the Philippines on household decision making power and self-perception of savings behavior, as well as actual savings. The product leads to more decision making power in the household for women, and likewise more purchases of female-oriented durable goods. We also find that the product leads women who appear time-inconsistent in a baseline survey to self-report being a disciplined saver in the follow-up survey. For impact on savings balances, we find that the 81% increase in savings after one year did not crowd out savings held outside of the participating bank, but that the longer-term impact over two and a half years on bank savings dissipated to only a 33% increase, which is no longer statistically significant. We discuss reasons why the effect dissipated and the implications for designing and implementing sustainable, equilibrium-shifting interventions.
Learning About a New Technology: Pineapple In Ghana
Creators: name: Conley, Timothy G.
name: Udry, Christopher R.
name: Conley, Timothy G.
name: Udry, Christopher R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: social learning
subject: technology
subject: innovation

description: This paper investigates the role of social learning in the diffusion of a new agricultural technology in a developing country: Ghana. We use unique data on farmers' communication patterns to define each individual's information neighborhood, the set of others from whom he might learn. Our empirical strategy is to test whether farmers change their input decisions to align with those of their neighbors who were successful in previous periods. We present evidence that farmers adopt successful neighbors' practices, conditional on many potentially confounding factors including the physical proximity of plots, credit arrangements, clan membership, and soil characteristics.
title: Die Auswahl von Bilderbüchern für einen inklusiven Literaturunterricht in der Primarstufe - theoretische und praktische Perspektiven
title: The selection of picture books for inclusive literature education in primary schools - theoretical and practical perspektives
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Lindner, Jack
Publisher: name: Universität Bremen
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Literaturdidakik
subject: Inklusive Didaktik
subject: Förderschwerpunkt Geistige Entwicklung
subject: Bilderbücher
subject: Kriterienkatalog
subject: 370

description: Die vorliegende Masterarbeit untersucht die Auswahlpraxis von Bilderbüchern bei inklusiv arbeitenden Regelschullehrkräften und Sonderpädagog*innen im Primarbereich. Als theoretische Grundlage dient der Kriterienkatalog zur Auswahl von Bilderbüchern für einen inklusiven Literaturunterricht (vgl. Lindner 2021). In einem qualitativen Studiendesign werden die subjektiven Theorien hinsichtlich möglicher Auswahlkriterien von Bilderbüchern für einen inklusiven Literaturunterricht anhand von leitfadengestützten Expert*inneninterviews und mithilfe einer, an Mayring angelehnten, qualitativ-strukturierende Inhaltsanalyse rekonstruiert. Dabei wird durch die Wahl des Samples und die Konstruktion der Leitfragen explizit der Förderschwerpunkt Geistige Entwicklung bzw. Wahrnehmung und Entwicklung berücksichtigt. Schlussendlich werden die theoretischen und praktischen Perspektiven in einem überarbeiteten Kriterienkatalog zusammengeführt, der in der Praxis eine Unterstützung dabei bieten kann, die fachdidaktisch-inklusive Auswahl von Bilderbüchern zu strukturieren.
S3 from Multiyear social stability and social information use in reef sharks with diel fission-fusion dynamics
Creators: name: Papastamatiou, Yannis P.
name: Bodey, Thomas W.
name: Caselle, Jennifer E.
name: Bradley, Darcy
name: Freeman, Robin
name: Friedlander, Alan M.
name: Jacoby, David M. P.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Details of the individual based model used to predict the effectiveness of social information and central place foraging in marine predators.
A brief overview of black hole-neutron star mergers
Creators: name: Foucart, Francois
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Of the three main types of binaries detectable through ground-based gravitational wave observations, black hole-neutron star (BHNS) mergers remain the most elusive. While candidates BHNS exist in the triggers released during the third observing run of the Advanced LIGO/Virgo collaboration, no detection has been confirmed so far. As for binary neutron star systems, BHNS binaries allow us to explore a wide range of physical processes, including the neutron star equation of state, nucleosynthesis, stellar evolution, high-energy astrophysics, and the expansion of the Universe. Here, we review some of the main features of BHNS systems: the distinction between disrupting and non-disrupting binaries, the types of outflows that BHNS mergers can produce, and the information that can be extracted from the observation of their gravitational wave and electromagnetic signals. We also emphasize that for the most likely binary parameters, BHNS mergers seem less likely to power electromagnetic signals than binary neutron star systems. Finally, we discuss some of the issues that still limit our ability to model and interpret electromagnetic signals from BHNS binaries.
description: Accepted by Frontiers Astronomy and Space Sciences, invited review for the Research Topic "Gravitational Waves: A New Window to the Universe"
Proton elastic form factor ratios to $Q^2$ = 3.5 GeV$^2$ by polarization transfer
Creators: name: Punjabi, V.
name: Perdrisat, C. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ratio of the proton elastic electromagnetic form factors, $G_{Ep}/G_{Mp}$, was obtained by measuring $P_{t}$ and $P_{\ell}$, the transverse and longitudinal recoil proton polarization components, respectively, for the elastic $\vec e p \to e\vec p$ ~reaction in the four-momentum transfer squared range of 0.5 to 3.5 GeV$^2$. In the single-photon exchange approximation, the ratio $G_{Ep}/G_{Mp}$ is directly proportional to the ratio $P_t/P_{\ell}$. The simultaneous measurement of $P_{t}$ and $P_{\ell}$ in a polarimeter reduces systematic uncertainties. The results for the ratio $G_{Ep}/G_{Mp}$ show a systematic decrease with increasing $Q^2$, indicating for the first time a definite difference in the distribution of charge and magnetization in the proton. The data have been re-analyzed and systematic uncertainties have become significantly smaller than previously published results.
description: 31 pages, 29 gfigures, submitted to Phys. Rev. C
title: Auswirkungen des Klimawandels auf Korallenriffe - Die Zukunft des Tourismus in Korallenriffdestinationen
title: Impacts of Climate Change on Coral Reefs - The Future of Tourism in Coral Reef Destinations
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Vartmann, Julia
Publisher: name: Hochschule Bremen
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Klimawandel
subject: Korallenriffe
subject: Tourismus
subject: Korallenrifftourismus
subject: Korallenriffdestinationen
subject: Auswirkungen
subject: Ökosystem
subject: 300

description: Korallenriffe bieten zahlreiche und bedeutende ökologische, ökonomische und sozio-kulturelle Werte. In den letzten Jahrzehnten ist die Gesamtfläche lebender Korallenriffe jedoch drastisch zurückgegangen und das Ökosystem Korallenriff ist massiv gefährdet. Der anthropogene Klimawandel stellt die weitaus größte Bedrohung für Korallenriffe dar. Die Zunahme freigesetzter Treibhausgase bewirkt einen weltweiten Temperaturanstieg und eine Versauerung der Ozeane. Dies hat dramatische Folgeauswirkungen für die von Korallenriffen abhängigen lokalen Gemeinschaften, Kulturen und Wirtschaftssektoren, wie auch der Tourismus. Was bislang fehlt, ist eine Übersichtsarbeit mit touristischem Schwerpunkt zu den ökologischen, ökonomischen und sozio-kulturellen Auswirkungen auf den Tourismus in Korallenriffdestinationen und eine, die dieses anschaulich zusammenfasst. Aufgrund dessen ist es Ziel der Arbeit, genau dieses Wissen zusammenzutragen und anhand einer systematischen Zusammenschau die Auswirkungen des Klimawandels auf Korallenriffe und auf den Tourismus in Korallenriffdestinationen zu erforschen. Durch die gewonnenen Ergebnisse wird die Zukunft des Korallenrifftourismus in zwei Szenarien betrachtet. Aufgrund des fortschreitenden Klimawandels wird es trotz Schutzbemühungen zu einem fortlaufenden Korallensterben kommen, was eine Anpassung und Neuausrichtung des jetzigen Korallenrifftourismus notwendig macht. Neben der wichtigsten Maßnahme, die Treibhausgasemissionen zu reduzieren und damit die Ursache des Klimawandels zu bekämpfen, werden weitere Handlungsempfehlungen genannt, die Möglichkeiten zum Schutz der Korallenriffe und der nachhaltigen Entwicklung des Tourismus zeigen.
The Optical - Infrared Colors of CORALS QSOs: Searching for Dust Reddening Associated With High Redshift Damped Lyman Alpha Systems
Creators: name: Ellison, Sara L.
name: Hall, Patrick B.
name: Lira, Paulina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The presence of dust in quasar absorbers, such as damped Lyman alpha (DLA) systems, may cause the background QSO to appear reddened. We investigate the extent of this potential reddening by comparing the optical-to-infrared (IR) colors of QSOs with and without intervening absorbers. Our QSO sample is based on the Complete Optical and Radio Absorption Line System (CORALS) survey of Ellison et al (2001). We have obtained near-simultaneous B and K band magnitudes for subset of the CORALS sample and supplemented our observations with further measurements published in the literature. To account for redshift-related color changes, the B-K colors are normalized using the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) QSO composite. The mean normalized B-K color of the DLA sub-sample is +0.12, whereas the mean for the no-DLA sample is -0.10; both distributions have RMS scatters ~0.5. Neither a student's T-test nor a KS test indicate that there is any significant difference between the two color distributions. Based on simulations which redden the colors of QSOs with intervening DLAs, we determine a reddening limit which corresponds to E(B-V) < 0.04 (SMC-like extinction) at 99% confidence (3 sigma), assuming that E(B-V) is the same for all DLAs. Finally, we do not find any general correlation between absorber properties (such as [Fe/Zn] or neutral hydrogen column density) and B-K color. One of these two QSOs shows evidence for strong associated absorption from X-ray observations, an alternative explanation for its very red color. We conclude that the presence of intervening galaxies causes a minimal reddening of the background QSO.
description: Accepted for publication in AJ
Skills, Partnership and Tenancy in Sri Lanka Rice Farms
Creators: name: Desilva, Sanjaya
name: Desilva, Sanjaya
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: land tenancy
subject: farming skills
subject: agricultural labor
subject: Sri Lanka

description: This paper examines whether sharecroppers and fixed-rent tenants in the rice farms of South Asia are distinguished by their farming skills. The idea that fixed-rent contracts are typically given to relatively skilled tenants dates back to the agricultural (tenancy) ladder hypothesis of Spillman [1919]. The screening models [e.g. Hallagan 1978] that have attempted to formalize this idea assume that landlords do not observe the tenants' skill levels. This assumption is restrictive, and has found little support in empirical studies. The principal-agent model proposed in this paper focuses on the differences between time-intensive and skillintensive labor tasks. I show that tenancy contracts are designed to match the provision of these tasks with the owners of time and skill inputs. Sharecropping, in this model, provides an incentive scheme that allows for the specialization between a time-abundant tenant and a skill-abundant landlord. The second part of the paper empirically explores this result with household-level data from Sri Lanka. A two-stage model that distinguishes the choice of contract from the extent of land leased is used. The results clearly show that relatively skilled farmers are more likely to become fixed-rent tenants. I also find that, conditional on contract choice, farming skills do not affect the extent of land leased. A substantial part of the empirical analysis is devoted to the measurement of farming skills. I interpret farming skills as the contribution of observed farmer characteristics to the technical efficiency of the farm. This measure recognizes that many dimensions of skills are observed, and the use of weights computed from a production function to construct the skill index is theoretically more appealing than the ad hoc selection of proxy variables.
Gas, dust, and star formation in the positive AGN feedback candidate 4C 41.17 at z=3.8
Creators: name: Nesvadba, N. P. H.
name: Bicknell, G. V.
name: Mukherjee, D.
name: Wagner, A. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new, spatially resolved [CI]1-0, [CI]2-1, CO(7-6), and dust continuum observations of 4C 41.17 at $z=3.8$ obtained with the IRAM NOEMA interferometer. This is one of the best-studied radio galaxies in this epoch and is arguably the best candidate of jet-triggered star formation at high redshift currently known in the literature. 4C 41.17 shows a narrow ridge of dust continuum extending over 15 kpc near the radio jet axis. Line emission is found within the galaxy in the region with signatures of positive feedback. Using the [CI]1-0 line as a molecular gas tracer, and multifrequency observations of the far-infrared dust heated by star formation, we find a total gas mass of $7.6\times 10^{10}$ M$_{\odot}$, which is somewhat greater than that previously found from CO(4-3). The gas mass surface density of $10^3$ M$_{\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$ pc$^{-2}$ and the star formation rate surface density of 10 M$_{\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$ kpc$^{-2}$ were derived over the 12 kpc$\times$8 kpc area, where signatures of positive feedback have previously been found. These densities are comparable to those in other populations of massive, dusty star-forming galaxies in this redshift range, suggesting that the jet does not currently enhance the efficiency with which stars form from the gas. This is consistent with expectations from simulations, whereby radio jets may facilitate the onset of star formation in galaxies without boosting its efficiency over longer timescales, in particular after the jet has broken out of the interstellar medium, as is the case in 4C 41.17.
description: A&A in press
A Panel Unit Root and Panel Cointegration Test of the Complementarity Hypothesis in the Mexican Case, 1960-2001
Creators: name: Ramirez, Miguel D.
name: Ramirez, Miguel D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Productivity Analysis

description: Using panel data, this paper tests whether public and private capital have a positive and significant effect on aggregate output and labor productivity for Mexico during the 1960-2001 period. The richer information set made possible by the sectorial data enables this study to utilize the methodologically sound "group-mean" Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS) procedure developed by Pedroni to generate consistent estimates of the relevant panel variables in the cointegrated production (labor productivity) function. The results suggest that, in the long run, changes in the stocks of public and private capital and the economically active population (EAP) have a positive and economically significant effect on output ( and labor productivity). The period is also broken down into two sub-periods: 1960-81 (state-led industrialization) and 1982-2001 (neoliberal model). The estimate for the public capital variables clearly shows that it had a relatively more important economic effect during the earlier state-led period.
Apparent vibrational side-bands in pi-conjugated systems: the case of distyrylbenzene
Creators: name: Wu, C. C.
name: Ehrenfreund, E.
name: Gutierrez, J. J.
name: Ferraris, J. P.
name: Vardeny, Z. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The photoluminescence (PL) spectra of dilute solution and single crystals of distyrylbenzene show unique temperature dependent vibronic structures. The characteristic single frequency progression at high temperatures is modulated by a low frequency progression series at low temperatures. None of the series side band modes corresponds to any of the distyrylbenzene Raman frequencies. We explain these PL properties using a time dependent model with temperature dependent damping, in which the many-mode system is effectively transformed to two- and then to a single "apparent" mode as damping increases.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
title: Reisen mit Interrail durch Europa: Eine Potenzialanalyse vor dem Hintergrund des Klimawandels
title: Travelling with Interrail through Europe: A potential analysis in the context of climate change
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Pengemann, Rebecca
Publisher: name: Hochschule Bremen
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Interrail
subject: Europa
subject: Klimawandel
subject: Nachhaltiger Tourismus
subject: Zugreisen
subject: Potenzialanalyse
subject: 910

description: Die vorliegende Bachelor-Thesis untersucht die Attraktivität und Zukunftsfähigkeit von Interrail im Kontext des fortschreitenden Klimawandels. Tourismus ist gleichermaßen Mitverursacher sowie Leidtragender von negativen Auswirkungen, weshalb Handlungsbedarf für zunehmende Nachhaltigkeit erforderlich ist. Dabei wird herausgestellt, dass Zugreisen klimafreundlich sind und dadurch Interrail in Europa eine klimafreundliche Reisealternative bietet. Mithilfe einer Potenzialanalyse basierend auf einer Literaturanalyse und einer quantitativen empirischen Erhebung werden die Attraktivität und Zukunftsfähigkeit von Interrail untersucht. Die Ergebnisse werden in einer SWOT-Analyse hinsichtlich der Stärken, Schwächen, Chancen und Risiken von Interrail analysiert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Interrail großes Potenzial als attraktive Reiseform besitzt, insbesondere aufgrund seiner Flexibilität, der zahlreichen Reisemöglichkeiten und der Budgetfreundlichkeit für die primäre Zielgruppe. Dennoch gibt es Bereiche die Handlungsbedarf erfordern, um das Produkt weiter zu verbessern und Hindernisse zu beseitigen, damit Reisende sich in Zukunft vermehrt für Interrail als klimafreundliche Alternative entscheiden.
Quantum-Limited Squeezed Light Detection with a Camera
Creators: name: Matekole, Elisha S.
name: Cuozzo, Savannah L.
name: Prajapati, Nikunjkumar
name: Bhusal, Narayan
name: Lee, Hwang
name: Novikova, Irina
name: Mikhailov, Eugeniy E.
name: Dowling, Jonathan P.
name: Cohen, Lior
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a technique for squeezed light detection based on direct imaging of the displaced-squeezed-vacuum state using a CCD camera. We show that the squeezing parameter can be accurately estimated using only the first two moments of the recorded pixel-to-pixel photon fluctuation statistics, with accuracy that rivals that of the standard squeezing detection methods such as a balanced homodyne detection. Finally, we numerically simulate the camera operation, reproducing the noisy experimental results with low signal samplings and confirming the theory with high signal samplings.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, supplemental information included, comments are very welcome
Toward the Enhanced Effectiveness of Foreign Aid
Creators: name: Ranis, Gustav
name: Ranis, Gustav
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: International Development

description: At the very time that professional skepticism concerning the effectiveness of foreign aid has reached new heights, donors seem to be ready to substantially increase the volume of aid they are willing to make available. This paper attempts to address this paradox by first examining the record of aid in the past, distinguishing between cross-country regressions and select country experience. It subsequently proceeds to propose the establishment of a new modus operandi for foreign aid, based on a much more passive, bankerlike posture by donors, leaving the initiative for defining what reforms are feasible, plus the establishment of self-conditionality, to third world recipients before they approach the international community of donors.
Additional file 4 of Nintedanib and immunomodulatory therapies in progressive fibrosing interstitial lung diseases
Creators: name: Cottin, Vincent
name: Richeldi, Luca
name: Rosas, Ivan
name: Otaola, Maria
name: Song, Jin Woo
name: Tomassetti, Sara
name: Wijsenbeek, Marlies
name: Schmitz, Manuela
name: Coeck, Carl
name: Stowasser, Susanne
name: Rozsa Schlenker-Herceg
name: Kolb, Martin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 4: Table S2. Proportions of subjects taking disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) at baseline by WHO standardized drug grouping and preferred name in subgroups by ILD diagnosis.
T Tauri stellar magnetic fields: He I measurements
Creators: name: Symington, Neil H.
name: Harries, Tim J.
name: Kurosawa, Ryuichi
name: Naylor, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present measurements of the longitudinal magnetic field in the circumstellar environment of seven classical T Tauri stars. The measurements are based on high-resolution circular spectropolarimetry of the He I 5876 emission line, which is thought to form in accretion streams controlled by a stellar magnetosphere. We detect magnetic fields in BP Tau, DF Tau and DN Tau, and detect statistically significant fields in GM Aur and RW Aur A at one epoch but not at others. We detect no field for DG Tau and GG Tau, with the caveat that these objects were observed at one epoch only. Our measurements for BP Tau and DF Tau are consistent, both in terms of sign and magnitude, with previous studies, suggesting that the characteristics of T Tauri magnetospheres are persistent over several years. We observed the magnetic field of BP Tau to decline monotonically over three nights, and have detected a peak field of 4kG in this object, the highest magnetic field yet observed in a T Tauri star. We combine our observations with results from the literature in order to perform a statistical analysis of the magnetospheric fields in BP Tau and DF Tau. Assuming a dipolar field, we determine a polar field of ~3kG and a dipole offset of 40deg for BP Tau, while DF Tau's field is consistent with a polar field of ~-4.5kG and a dipole offset of 10deg. We conclude that many classical T Tauri stars have circumstellar magnetic fields that are both strong enough and sufficiently globally-ordered to sustain large-scale magnetospheric accretion flows.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures. Accepted by MNRAS. Corrected typos
Comparing photorealism in game engines for synthetic maritime computer vision datasets
Creators: name: Sharma, Kashish
Publisher: name: Universität Bremen
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: photorealism
subject: game engine
subject: Computer Vision
subject: maritime
subject: yolov8
subject: 0

description: Computer vision for real-world applications faces data acquisition challenges, including accessibil- ity, high costs, difficulty in obtaining diversity in scenarios or environmental conditions. Synthetic data usage has surged as a solution to these obstacles. Leveraging game engines for synthetic dataset creation effectively enriches training datasets with increased diversity and richness. The choice of game engine, pivotal for generating photorealistic simulations, significantly influences synthetic data quality. This thesis aims to compare Unreal Engine’s and Unity Engine’s capabilities in generating synthetic maritime datasets to support ship recognition applications. To this end, the real-world maritime dataset ShipSG has been replicated in the corresponding game engines to recreate the same scenarios. To this end, a true-to-scale 3D model of the Doppelschleuse was crafted using Blender, aiming to reproduce the scenery of the ShipSG images. This model is further used in the corresponding game engines, along with 3D models of different vessels, to recreate these scenarios in rendered synthetic datasets. The performance of the generated synthetic datasets is benchmarked against the real-world ShipSG dataset using the YOLOv8 model for ship segmentation. The comparison includes an assessment of performance differences between manually annotated synthetic datasets and those with auto-generated annotations by Unity Engine. Additionally, the comparison investigates ef- fects, such as sunlight presence and lens distortion, to find the configuration that most enhances performance when using YOLOv8. The dataset generated using Unity engine with manual annota- tions, both with and without lens distortion, provided the best accuracy in ship recognition (mAP of 72.3%). Both were used to augment the ShipSG dataset to train YOLOv8. The configuration with lens distortion provides the highest mAP increase, of 0.4% compared with YOLOv8 perfor- mance on ShipSG when no synthetic data is used (76.5% vs 76.9%). This evidence underscores that utilizing game engines can effectively support and enhance ship recognition tasks. This thesis demonstrates the potential of synthetic datasets to augment real-world maritime data, highlights the importance of detailed and accurate 3D modelling, and systematically provides a methodology to select the most fitting game engine for the generation of photorealistic images to enhance maritime computer vision applications.
Strong CaII absorption lines in the reddened quasar SDSS J2339$-$0912: Evidence of the collision/merger in the host galaxy?
Creators: name: Wang, Tinggui
name: Dong, Xiaobo
name: Zhou, Hongyan
name: Wang, Junxian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the detection of strong CaII/MgII absorption lines at the quasar redshift in the narrow line quasar SDSS J2339-0912 (z=0.6604). The quasar exhibits strong FeII, small Balmer emission line width and a very red B-Ks color. Both the optical continuum and broad emission lines are reddened by SMC-like dust of E(B-V)~1.0 mag, while its near-infrared color (J-Ks=1.60) shows little reddening. The CaII absorption lines are saturated and resolved with an FWHM of 362 km/s and an equivalent width of W_{CaII K}=4.2Å(in the source rest frame). MgII absorption lines are also saturated and have a similar line width. The line profile and the fact that there is no evidence for starlight from the host galaxy suggest that these absorption lines are not of a stellar origin. The ratio of column density of CaII to that of dust is consistent with that of the ISM in our Galaxy. We suggest that both the heavy reddening and the large absorption line width are due to the highly disturbed ISM on the line of sight toward the quasar, and that the disturbance is caused by a galaxy collision or even merger in the quasar host galaxy.