Anagyrus quilmes Triapitsyn, Logarzo & Aguirre, sp. n.
Creators: name: Triapitsyn, Serguei V.
name: Logarzo, Guillermo A.
name: Aguirre, María B.
name: Aquino, Daniel A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Encyrtidae
Anagyrus
Anagyrus quilmes

description: Anagyrus quilmes Triapitsyn, Logarzo & Aguirre sp. n.   
(Figs 37–48)  
 Type material. Holotype female [MLPA] on slide (Fig. 37) labeled: 1. “ ARGENTINA: Tucumán, Vipos (near Choromoro), 788 m, 26°25’10.7’’S 65°18’23.0’’W, 27.v.2010 (Code: 20 Eabg), G. A. Logarzo & M. B. Aguirre. Ex. Hypogeococcus sp. [= H. pungens] on Gomphrena sp. Mounted by V. V. Berezovskiy 2012 in Canada balsam”; 2. “ Anagyrus quilmes Triapitsyn, Logarzo & Aguirre HOLOTYPE ♀”. Note that the correct altitude for this site is 780 m. The holotype is in good condition, complete, dissected under 4 coverslips.   
 Paratypes (2 ♀, 2 ♂): ARGENTINA. CATAMARCA, El Portezuelo, 28°28’12.5’’S 65°38’07.5’’W, 635 m, 22.iii.2014, G.A. Logarzo, M. Guala (from Hypogeococcus pungens on Alternanthera pungens) [1 ♀, 1 ♂ on slides and 1 ♂ on point, UCRC]. TUCUMÁN, Vipos (near Choromoro), 26°25’10.7’’S 65°18’23.0’’W, 780 m, 22.v.2010, G.A. Logarzo, M.B. Aguirre (from H. pungens on A. pungens) [1 ♀ on point, UCRC].   
 Other material examined [on points, slides, and in ethanol, UCRC]. ARGENTINA. CATAMARCA, El Portezuelo, 28°28’12.5’’S 65°38’07.5’’W, 635 m, 15.ii.2014 (from H. pungens on A. pungens): G.A. Logarzo, M.B. Aguirre, 3 ♀, 1 ♂; M.B. Aguirre, G.A. Logarzo, 2 ♀. SALTA, Autopista Salta-Güemes (RN9), 24°46’49.3”S 65°18’19.0”W, 1305 m, 17.ii.2014: M.B. Aguirre, G.A. Logarzo, S.V. Triapitsyn (from H. pungens on Alternanthera paronychioides), 2 ♀, 1 ♂; S.V. Triapitsyn, G.A. Logarzo, M.B. Aguirre (from H. pungens on A. paronychioides), 4 ♀, 1 ♂; G.A. Logarzo, M.B. Aguirre, S.V. Triapitsyn (from H. pungens on A. pungens), 2 ♀; S.V. Triapitsyn, G.A. Logarzo, M.B. Aguirre (from H. pungens on A. pungens), 1 ♀. Lumbreras, 25°12’44.2”S 64°55’21.1”W, 686 m, 18.ii.2014, G.A. Logarzo, M.B. Aguirre, S.V. Triapitsyn (from H. pungens on A. pungens), 2 ♀, 1 ♂. Río Piedras, 25°21’17.9”S 64°54’07.5”W, 715 m, 16.ii.2014, M.B. Aguirre, S.V. Triapitsyn, G.A. Logarzo (from H. pungens on A. paronychioides), 1 ♀, 6 ♂. TUCUMÁN: La Cocha, 27°46’09.4”S 65°35’04.3”W, 448 m, 14.ii.2014, M.B. Aguirre, G.A. Logarzo (from H. pungens on A. pungens), 1 ♀, 2 ♂. Trancas: 26°14’12.2’’S 65°16’26.4’’W, 772 m, 10.ii.2011, G.A. Logarzo, M.B. Aguirre (from H. pungens on A. pungens), 1 ♀; 26°15’30.8’’S 65°16’37.4’’W, 771 m, 16.ii.2014, G.A. Logarzo, M.B. Aguirre, S.V. Triapitsyn (from H. pungens on A. paronychioides), 1 ♀.   
 Description. FEMALE (holotype and paratypes). Body length 1.98 mm (dry-mounted, critical point-dried paratype).   
Color. Body mostly orange except back of head brown, posterior margin of pronotum dusky, anterior margin of mesoscutum dark brown, mesopleuron orange-yellow, and propodeum and gaster orange-brown to brown; scape with radicle brown, otherwise mostly dark brown except white subapically; pedicel brown basally and white apically; F1–F3 entirely brown (F1 slightly darker), F4–F6 white, clava white with a slight yellowish shade; legs mostly pale except metacoxa yellowish. Sculpture. Head, particularly frontovertex, mesoscutum, axilla, scutellum, mesopleuron, propodeum, and gaster partially, with fine but conspicuous coriaceous-rugose sculpture; scape mostly reticulate.  
Pubescence. Frontovertex and pronotum with minute, inconspicuous setae; mesoscutum, axillae, and scutellum with numerous short, dark setae except for a few longer ones on scutellum, and setae on axillae and scutellum notably finer than on mesoscutum.  
Head (Fig. 38) slightly wider than high. Toruli just below level of lower eye margin. Ocelli in an almost equilateral triangle. Maxillary palpus 4-segmented, labial palpus 3-segmented. Antenna (Fig. 39) with radicle about 3× as long as wide, rest of scape strongly broadened, 2.0–2.1× (2.0× in holotype) as long as wide; pedicel 2.7–2.9× (2.7× in holotype) as long as wide, either slightly shorter than or as long as F1; funicle segments all longer than wide, F2–F4 more or less subequal in length and shorter than F1, F5 and F6 a little shorter; clava 3-segmented, 3.3–4.0× (3.7× and 4.0× in holotype) as long as wide and at least a little shorter than combined length of F4–F6; flagellar segments all with several mps except F1 with 2 or 3 short mps.  
Mesosoma (Fig. 40). Pronotum very short; mesoscutum about 2.5× as wide as long; scutellum about as wide as long, longer than mesoscutum, scutellar apex narrowly rounded and overhanging median part of propodeum, placoid sensilla close to each other and a little closer to posterior margin of scutellum.  
Wings (Fig. 41) not abbreviated, fore wing extending at least a little beyond apex of gaster. Fore wing 2.3–2.4× as long as wide, disc hyaline; costal cell about 15× as long as wide; marginal vein longer than wide; postmarginal vein shorter than stigmal vein. Hind wing 3.8–3.9× as long as wide, disc hyaline.  
Legs. Mesotibial spur about as long as mesobasitarsus.  
Metasoma (Fig. 40) longer than mesosoma. Ovipositor occupying about 0.7 length of gaster in the holotype, not exserted beyond its apex, and 1.16–1.39× (1.39× in holotype) as long as metatibia.  
Measurements (µm) of the holotype. Mesosoma 750; metasoma 1082; ovipositor 713. Antenna: radicle 75; rest of scape 324; pedicel 121; F1 133; F2 106; F3 100; F4 103; F5 97; F6 94; clava 263. Fore wing 1470:627; longest marginal seta 30. Hind wing 1007:258; longest marginal seta 48.  
Variation (non-type specimens). Color of F3 variable, from almost entirely white to grayish or partially brownish (often only basally). Fore wing 2.4–2.5× as long as wide.  
MALE (paratypes). Body length 0.96 mm (dry-mounted, critical point-dried paratype). Head (Fig. 42) and mesosoma mostly dark brown, gaster often somewhat lighter (Fig. 46); scape white basally and ventrally, rest of scape, pedicel, and F1 brown or dark brown, remainder of flagellum pale or light brownish except apex of clava brown; pronotum laterally and mesopleuron orange or orange-brown; axilla sometimes orange-brown or brown, and scutellum occasionally with some dark orange-brown patches; legs mostly pale with some brown except metacoxa dark brown and tarsi brownish. Head as in Fig. 42. Antenna (Fig. 43) with scape minus short radicle about 2.6× as long as wide; funicle segments all longer than wide and at least with 2 mps each, F1 the longest funicle segment; clava entire, 4.3–4.4× as long as wide, with several mps; flagellar segments all with numerous long setae; F6 with a line of 5, and clava with a line of 2, scale-like structures. Fore wing (Fig. 47) about 2.2× as long as wide, disc hyaline. Hind wing about 3.6× as long as wide, disc hyaline. Metasoma about as long as mesosoma; genitalia (Fig. 48; length 0.209 mm) occupying less than 0.5 length of gaster.  
Variation (non-type specimens). Antenna: color pattern of scape variable (Figs 44, 45); F6 with a line of 5 or 6 scale-like structures.  
 Diagnosis. This new species is not similar to any described species from Argentina reviewed and partially keyed by De Santis (1964). In Noyes (2000), it keys to couplet 62 together with A. lampe Noyes & Menezes from Costa Rica, but females of the latter have F1–F5 dark brown. Those females of A. quilmes with F3 almost entirely white can potentially be confused with A. clauseni Timberlake, but females of the latter species have F1 relatively longer (holotype antenna on a slide in UCRC was examined).   
 Etymology. The species name is a noun in apposition. It refers to the Quilmes people, a tribe who were indigenous inhabitants of Tucumán Province of Argentina known for their bravery. In their language, the cacán, kilmeee means “between hills”.   
 Comments. Initially, we were not sure whether females with F3 entirely brown were conspecific with those having F3 almost entirely white. Later, when more specimens became available, we discovered that color of F3 is variable, as described above, sometimes even on the different antennae of the same specimen. To corroborate our conclusions based solely on morphology, two females and two males of A. quilmes were selected for molecular analysis and subjected to individual non-destructive DNA extraction. One female was a paratype with F3 entirely brown, collected on 22.iii.2014, and the other a non-type specimen with F3 almost entirely white, collected on 15.ii.2014, both from El Portezuelo, Catamarca, reared from the same mealybug host on the same plant (H. pungens on A. pungens). One male was a paratype from El Portezuelo (corresponding to the female with F3 entirely brown), and the other a non-type specimen from Río Piedras, Salta (corresponding to the female with F3 almost entirely white). The four specimens were subsequently slide-mounted. Molecular confirmation that these females and males represented the same species was sought by sequencing the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) gene, which turned out to be 100% identical. Their cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) mitochondrial gene was found to be also identical except around 5% divergent between the two females (Paul Rugman-Jones, personal communication). The latter may be indicative of a rather high intraspecific genetic variability within populations of this species.   
 Little is known about biology of this parasitoid besides its host associations. Females of A. quilmes attack nymphs of 1st, 2nd, and also possibly 3rd instars of H. pungens on A. paronychioides and A. pungens.
description: Published as part of Triapitsyn, Serguei V., Logarzo, Guillermo A., Aguirre, María B. & Aquino, Daniel A., 2014, Two new species of Anagyrus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) from Argentina, parasitoids of Hypogeococcus spp. (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), with taxonomic notes on some congeneric taxa, pp. 201-230 in Zootaxa 3861 (3) on pages 221-228, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3861.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/250604