cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Human tissue monitoring and specimen banking: opportunities for exposure assessment, risk assessment, and epidemiologic research
Creators: name: Hulka, B S
name: Griffith, J
name: Zenick, H
name: Lee, L W
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1995

description: A symposium on Human Tissue Monitoring and Specimen Banking: Opportunities for Exposure Assessment, Risk Assessment, and Epidemiologic Research was held from 30 March to 1 April 1993 in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. There were 117 registered participants from 18 states and 5 foreign countries. The first 2 days featured 21 invited speakers from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, various other government agencies, and universities in the United States, Canada, Germany, and Norway. The speakers provided a state-of-the-art overview of human exposure assessment techniques (especially applications of biological markers) and their relevance to human tissue specimen banking. Issues relevant to large-scale specimen banking were discussed, including program design, sample design, data collection, tissue collection, and ethical ramifications. The final group of presentations concerned practical experiences of major specimen banking and human tissue monitoring programs in the United States and Europe. The symposium addressed the utility and research opportunities afforded by specimen banking programs for future research needs in the areas of human exposure assessment, risk assessment, and environmental epidemiology. The third day of the symposium consisted of a small workshop convened to discuss and develop recommendations to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency regarding applications and utility of large-scale specimen banking, biological monitoring, and biological markers for risk assessment activities.
Overview of Occupational Exposure to Electric and Magnetic Fields and Cancer: Advancements in Exposure Assessment
Creators: name: Savitz, D A
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1995

description: For over ten years, there has been concern with the potential for increased risk of cancer among "electrical workers." In contrast to studies of residential exposure to magnetic fields, occupational studies include electric and magnetic field exposures and have much greater variability in field intensity, frequency, and temporal patterns. Studies of leukemia in electrical workers show a moderate consistency, with elevated risk ratios of 1.2 to 2.0 commonly observed. Brain tumors are similarly elevated with some consistency, and three recent studies have suggested increased risk of male breast cancer. Retrospective exposure assessment methods were advanced in recent studies of diverse occupations in a study in central Sweden, which yielded evidence of increased risk of chronic lymphocytic leukemia among men in more highly exposed occupations. A study of telephone workers in New York State incorporated measurements and found some indication of increased leukemia risk only when exposures were based on historical technology. Utility workers in southern California were studied and found not to have increased risks of leukemia and brain cancer based on exposures estimated with measurements. An ongoing study of electric utility workers at five companies in the United States incorporates an extensive measurement protocol. Randomly selected workers within occupational categories wore a time-integrating magnetic-field meter to provide estimates of exposure for the occupational category. We were able to estimate and partition the variance into between-day (the largest contributor), within occupational categories, and between occupational categories. Principal research needs concern optimal levels of worker aggregation for exposure assignment, historical extrapolation, study of diverse work environments, and integration of residential and occupational exposure in the same study.
Lacoma, D. Laureano Castan, Las Bienaventuranzas de Maria. La Editorial Católica, S. A. Vol. de XVI+328 ps. 105x175. Madrid 1971
Creators: name: Faria, Manuel Ferreira De
Publisher: name: Theologica
Year: 1973

description: Theologica, v. 8 n. 1 (1973)
The Coach Experience: Forming Coach-Teacher Alliance and Facilitating Teachers' Emotion-Focused Teaching
Creators: name: Park, Christen E
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: There is robust evidence that teacher coaching is effective in improving early childhood teachers' practices to better support children's academic success and social–emotional development. Coaches engage in several activities to support teachers; however, the work to build a coach-teacher alliance is central to coaching. The alliance-building process is less understood, especially in the context of coaching of emotion-focused teaching. In addition, there is less understanding of what coaches do to facilitate teacher improvement in emotion-focused teaching practices. As a part of a larger evaluation of the UIC Alternative Licensure Program (ALP), I conducted a mixed-methods study to examine two key coaching practices: how coaches form and maintain alliance with teachers over time and how coaches support teachers' development in emotion-focused teaching skills. Participants included teachers (N=28) who began the ALP in Fall 2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic and the coaches (N=6) working with them. I interviewed coaches at multiple time points during the 12-week semester to capture the coaching and alliance-building processes. Quantitative examinations included how alliance was associated with teachers' emotion-focused teaching and emotion regulation. Observational data of emotion-focused teaching and teacher self-reports of emotion-focused teaching and emotion regulation were collected before and after the semester. The current study provides a glimpse into what coaching in an early childhood context looks like longitudinally by hearing from coaches themselves to learn about their experiences and coaching processes. Findings from the current research will contribute to the understanding of alliance building in coaching in early childhood education contexts, particularly coaches' efforts to repair weak alliances. I provide recommendations on supporting coaches, who are members of the early childhood educator workforce, in their coaching work to navigate alliances and support teacher learning in emotion-focused teaching. This study also seeks to inform continuous improvement and practice of ALP work.
Two-dimensional short-range spin-spin correlations in the layered spin-3/2 maple leaf lattice antiferromagnet Na2Mn3O7 with crystal stacking disorder
Creators: name: Saha, B.
name: Bera, A. K.
name: Yusuf, S. M.
name: Hoser, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the nature of magnetic structure, microscopic spin-spin correlations and their dependence on the underlying crystal structure of the geometrically frustrated layered spin-3/2 maple-leaf-lattice (MLL) antiferromagnet Na2Mn3O7 by a comprehensive neutron diffraction study. Crystal structural studies by x-ray and neutron diffractions reveal that the MLL layers (constituted by Mn3O72- units) are well separated by non-magnetic Na layers. The studies also conclude the presence of stacking faults (in-plane sliding of magnetic MLL layers) as well as a distortion in the MLL of Mn4+. Temperature dependent magnetic susceptibility, heat capacity, and neutron diffraction data yield a short-range antiferromagnetic (AFM) ordering below ~ 100 K without a long-range magnetic ordering down to 1.5 K. The analysis of the diffuse magnetic neutron scattering patterns by reverse Monte Carlo method reveals 2D spin-spin correlations within the MLL layers. Additionally, we establish a relation between the correlation length of the short-range magnetic ordering with the stacking faults through a varying synthesis condition. The present study, therefore, explores a microscopic picture of the crystal- and spin-structures, as well as their correlation, hence, provides an experimental insight of the magnetic ordering in a MLL AFM. Further, we have outlined the formation of several 2D frustrated lattice geometry having triangular plaquettes, including the MLL, by crystal engineering of the triangular lattice and their role on the stabilization of multiple novel chiral spin states which opens up a door for study of novel chiral spin states.
description: 26 pages, 10 figures, 1 table
KB special collections and Wikidata - LIBER Wikidata Panel, 24-06-2021
Creators: name: Olaf Janssen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Wikidata
LIBER
Olaf Janssen
Koninklijke Bibliotheek
KB, national library of the Netherlands

description: English: Explanation of why Wikidata and Wikimedia are part of the KB's strategy to make historical image collections visible, findable and reusable, and what criteria the KB uses to determine which collections are suitable for Wikification
This presentation was part of the Wikidata panel Why use Wikidata, or not? - LIBER 50th annual conference, 24th June 2021.
In this panel session we seek to bring together speakers who have done research on or implemented Wikidata for library collections to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of sharing these information via the Wikimedia ecosystem and Wikidata specifically. ..... The presentations will include the reasons for the use of Wikidata or not, as well as practical examples from three libraries implementing Wikidata each in different stages. Following these short presentations there will be an opportunity for attendees to ask questions to facilitate a larger discussion on the growing knowledge around the use of linked data and specifically Wikidata in libraries.
See also LIBER 2021 - Panel Discussion: Why use Wikidata or not
-----------------------------------
Belangrijkste punt
De KB gebruikt Wikidata en Wikimedia als onderdeel van haar strategie om historische beeldcollecties zichtbaar, vindbaar en herbruikbaar te maken. Ze beoordelen welke collecties geschikt zijn voor Wikificatie aan de hand van bepaalde criteria.
Samenvatting

De presentatie gaat over de rol van Wikidata en Wikimedia in de strategie van de KB (Koninklijke Bibliotheek) om historische beeldcollecties toegankelijk te maken.
De presentatie vond plaats tijdens het LIBER 50th annual conference op 24 juni 2021.
Sprekers die onderzoek hebben gedaan naar of Wikidata hebben geïmplementeerd voor bibliotheekcollecties worden samengebracht om de voor- en nadelen van het delen van deze informatie via het Wikimedia-ecosysteem en Wikidata te bespreken.
De presentaties omvatten redenen voor het gebruik van Wikidata, evenals praktische voorbeelden van drie bibliotheken die Wikidata in verschillende stadia implementeren.
Er is ook ruimte voor vragen van deelnemers om een grotere discussie te vergemakkelijken over het groeiende begrip van het gebruik van gekoppelde gegevens, specifiek Wikidata, in bibliotheken.
Deze presentatie biedt inzicht in hoe de KB Wikidata en Wikimedia inzet om historische beeldcollecties toegankelijk te maken en bespreekt de voordelen en nadelen van deze benadering.
Jürgen P. Rinderspacher/Dietrich Henckel/Beate Hollbach (Hg.), Die Welt am Wochenende
Publisher: name: Herder Korrespondenz
Year: 1970

description: Herder Korrespondenz, Bd. 49 Nr. 10 (1995): Herder Korrespondenz, Band 49, Heft 10
The effects of ozone on immune function
Creators: name: Canning, Brendan J.
name: Kleeberger, Steven R.
name: Jakab, George J.
name: Spannhake, Ernst Wm.
name: Gilmour, Matthew I.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1995

description: A review of the literature reveals that ozone (O{sub 3}) exposure can either suppress or enhance immune responsiveness. These disparate effects elicited by O{sub 3} exposure depend, in large part, on the experimental design used, the immune parameters examined as well as the animal species studied. Despite the apparent contradictions, a general pattern of response to O{sub 3} exposure can be recognized. Most studies indicate that continuous O{sub 3} exposure leads to an early (days 0-3) impairment of immune responsiveness followed, with continued exposures, by a form of adaptation to O{sub 3} that results in a re-establishment of the immune response. The effects of O{sub 3} exposure on the response to antigenic stimulation also depend on the time at which O{sub 3} exposure occurred. Whereas O{sub 3} exposure prior to immunization is without effect on the response to antigen, O{sub 3} exposure subsequent to immunization suppresses the response to antigen. Although most studies have focused on immune responses in the lung, numerous investigators have provided functional and anatomical evidence to support the hypothesis that O{sub 3} exposure can have profound effects on systemic immunity. 137 refs., 11 figs., 1 tab.
Blood lead levels in pregnant women of high and low socioeconomic status in Mexico City
Creators: name: Hertz-Picciotto, I
name: Rojas-Lopez, M
name: Rios, C
name: Chavez-Ayala, R
name: Borja-Aburto, V H
name: Farias, P
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1996

description: This study examined the determinants of blood lead (BPb) in 513 pregnant women in Mexico City: 311 from public hospital prenatal clinics, representing primarily women of low socioeconomic status (SES), and 202 from private hospitals, primarily women of high SES. Overall, BPb levels ranged from 1.38 to 29 micrograms/dl, with geometric means of 6.7 and 11.12 micrograms/dl for women from private and public hospitals, respectively. The crude geometric means difference obtained by t-test was 4.42 (p < 0.001). BPb was measured from January 1994 to August 1995 and showed higher levels during fall and winter and lower levels during spring and summer. The main BPb determinants were the use of lead-glazed ceramics in women from public hospitals and season of the year in women from private hospitals. Consumption of tortillas (corn bread rich in calcium) decreased BPb levels in the lower SES group, but the relationship was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Consumption of milk products significantly (p < 0.05) reduced BPb levels in the higher SES group. In 112 women whose diets were deficient in calcium, taking calcium supplements lowered their blood lead levels about 7 micrograms/dl. A predictive model fitted to these data, using the strongest predictors plus gestational age, showed a difference of 14 micrograms/dl between the best and worst scenarios in women from public hospitals. Avoiding use of lead-glazed ceramics, consuming diets rich in calcium, and, if needed, taking calcium supplements, would be expected to result in substantial lowering of BPb, especially in pregnant women of low socioeconomic status.ImagesFigure 1.Figure 2.
Toda 3-Point Functions From Topological Strings II
Creators: name: Isachenkov, Mikhail
name: Mitev, Vladimir
name: Pomoni, Elli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In arXiv:1409.6313 we proposed a formula for the 3-point structure constants of Toda field theory, derived using topological strings and the AGT-W correspondence from the partition functions of the non-Lagrangian $T_N$ theories on $S^4$. In this article, we show how the semi-degeneration of one of the three primary fields on the Toda side corresponds to a particular Higgsing of the $T_N$ theories and derive the well-known formula by Fateev and Litvinov.
description: 43 pages, 14 figures,v2: published in JHEP
Vários, Espiritualidad mariana. T. I: Fundamentos doctrinales; t. II: Manifestaciones históricas y corrientes actuales. Ed. Coculsa. Vols., respectivamente, de 306 e 348 ps. 150x210. Madrid 1970
Creators: name: Correia, Francisco Carvalho
Publisher: name: Theologica
Year: 1973

description: Theologica, v. 8 n. 1 (1973)
Ultrashort Pulse Laser Ablation for Depth Profiling in Mass Spectrometry
Creators: name: Gross, Jason M.
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Lasers with pulse lengths in the ps and fs regime that are used for ablation of solid materials typically display a Gaussian beam intensity profile which often leads to “wings” in the resultant craters. These distorted craters convolute the resultant depth profiles measured via mass spectrometry. Reshaping this Gaussian beam into a flat-top beam profile, with more uniform fluence, should minimize these “wings” and improve the overall depth resolution obtained during analysis. Initial work is done to create this flat-top beam profile via an 800 nm, Gaussian fs beam and to verify the crater profiles made on Si at varying angles of incidence. It is imperative that the flat-top fs beam creates more cylindrical crater walls and flat-bottomed valleys at all angles of incidence to accommodate the ion extraction optics of the mass spectrometer, in this case an instrument using fs laser ablation postionization. A fluence study is performed on Si to compare the damage caused by the flat-top fs beam to the original 800 nm, Gaussian fs beam and a 213 nm, Gaussian ps beam. Finally, the flat-top fs beam is incorporated into a fs laser ablation postionization mass spectrometer for depth profile analysis of elemental ion implants in Si and sapphire. Home-built tunable, ns-pulsed Ti:Sapphire cavities are used in tandem with the flat-top fs beam to perform depth profile analysis of similar mass ion implants, Rb and Sr, via resonance ionization mass spectrometry. This work concludes by presenting laser ablation done on heterogeneous samples, such as mudstone and dental composites, and provides an outlook on the application of the flat-top fs beam and the tunable, ns Ti:Sapphire cavities for mass spectrometric analysis.
Ethological and Experimental Approaches to Behavior Analysis: Implications for Ecotoxicology
Creators: name: Cohn, J
name: MacPhail, R C
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1996

description: Laboratory research in toxicology has progressed far beyond reliance on measures of mortality to make use of sophisticated behavioral preparations that can evaluate the consequences of sublethal toxicant exposure. In contrast, field studies have not evolved as rapidly. Approaches developed by experimental psychologists and ethologists provide powerful and complementary methodologies to the study of environmental pollutants and behavior. Observational data collection techniques can easily be used to broaden the number of questions addressed regarding sublethal exposure to toxic agents in both field and laboratory environments. This paper provides a background in such techniques, including construction of ethograms and observational methodologies, and the use of laboratory analogues to naturally occurring activities such as social behavior, predation, and foraging. Combining ethological and experimental approaches in behavior analysis can result in a more comprehensive evaluation of the effects of environmental contaminants on behavior.
Beam Dynamics in Independent Phased Cavities
Creators: name: Batygin, Yuri K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Linear accelerators containing the sequence of independently phased cavities with constant geometrical velocity along each structure are widely used in practice. The chain of cavities with identical cell lengths is utilized within a certain beam velocity range, with subsequent transformation to the next chain with higher cavity velocity. Design and analysis of beam dynamics in this type of accelerator are usually performed using numerical simulations. A full theoretical description of particle acceleration in an array of independent phased cavities has not been developed. In the present paper, we provide an analytical treatment of beam dynamics in such linacs employing Hamiltonian formalism. We begin our analysis with an examination of beam dynamics in an equivalent traveling wave of a single cavity, propagating within accelerating section with constant phase velocity. We then consider beam dynamics in arrays of cavities, utilizing an effective traveling wave propagating along with the whole accelerator with the velocity of synchronous (reference) particle. The analysis concluded with the determination of the matched beam conditions. Finally, we present a beam dynamics study in 805 MHz Coupled Cavity Linac of the LANSCE accelerator facility.
description: 19 pages, 10 figures, 1 table
SUPERNOVA RATES AND [alpha/Fe] ABUNDANCES IN MWG: THEIR VARIATIONS IN TIME AND SPACE
Creators: name: Mollá, M.
name: Cavichia, O.
name: Bazán, J.J.
name: Castrillo, A.
name: Galbany, L.
name: Millán Irigoyen, I.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: supernova
galaxies: abundances
galaxies: spiral
galaxies: star formation

description: We present an update of the {\sc MulChem} chemical evolution model applied to the Milky Way Galaxy (Molla et al. submitted), by using the most recent stellar yields for low and intermediate mass stars and for massive stars. We study the role of the type Ia supernova (SN Ia) rate, using 15 different Delay Time Distribution (DTD) prescriptions, depending on the binary star scenario able to create a SN Ia. Simultaneously, 12 tables of yields of elements produced by different explosion mechanisms for SN Ia are explored. The chemical abundances derived from these 180 models, resulting from the combination of different SN Ia yields and DTDs, are analized. The Solar Region results for [Fe/H] and [$\alpha$/Fe] {\sl vs.} stellar age and for [$\alpha$/Fe] {\sl vs.} [Fe/H] (where $\alpha$-elements are O, Mg, Si, S, and Ca) are compared with an extensive observational dataset coming from the most recent surveys and compiled for this work. A $\chi^{2}$ technique is used to look for the best model for reproducing the data set. Finally, we analyse the relative abundances [$\alpha$/Fe] for disc and halo regions of the best model. As in previous works, we find that a significant fraction of type Ia SNe must take place at short delay times in order to reproduce the observations. The large dispersion of data could be explained by a mix of stars located at different spatial regions that moved after their birth. However, a mix of different DTD’s or explosion mechanisms is a likely hypothesis in light of comparison models-data.
Overall Evaluation of Beltwide Boll Weevil/Cotton Insect Management Programs: Final Report, May 15, 1981
Creators: name: Natural Resource Economics Division, Economic Research Service
name: Natural Resource Economics Division, Economic Research Service
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1981
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Production Economics
subject: Public Economics
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Cotton
subject: boll weevil
subject: insect management
subject: insecticides
subject: biological impacts
subject: economic impacts
subject: environmental impacts

description: Two boll weevil/cotton insect management trials, conducted during 1978-80, demonstrated the technical and operational feasibility of eradicating a boll weevil population from a geographic area or eliminating the need for boll weevil treatments during the cotton-growing season. Six cotton insect management programs were specified and evaluated for application in the boll weevil infested areas of the Cotton Belt. The Optimum Pest Management with No Incentive and Boll Weevil Eradication (OPM-NI-BWE) Program would yield substantially higher total economic and environmental benefits than the other programs. The OPM with No Incentive Program was estimated to yield the highest benefit/cost ratio in terms of public expenditures.
description: USDA Interagency Working Group on Boll Weevil Programs -- In cooperation with Southern State Departments of Agriculture, Agricultural Experiment Stations, and Cooperative Extension Services
Reproductive and developmental effects of disinfection by-products in drinking water
Creators: name: Singer, P C
name: Reif, J S
name: Holmes, L B
name: Schwetz, B A
name: Hatch, M C
name: Bracken, M
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1996

description: Recent epidemiologic studies have reported associations between the consumption of chlorinated drinking water and reproductive and developmental effects. Here we review the available epidemiologic data, assess the hazard potential posed by exposure to disinfection by-products, identify critical data gaps, and offer recommendations for further research. The epidemiologic evidence supporting associations between exposure to water disinfection by-products (DBPs) and adverse pregnancy outcomes is sparse, and positive findings should be interpreted cautiously. The methods used during the early stages of research in this area have been diverse. Variability in exposure assessment and endpoints makes it difficult to synthesize or combine the available data. Exposure misclassification and unmeasured confounding may have lead to bias in risk estimation. Future studies of reproductive outcome and exposure to chlorinated water should use improved methods for exposure assessment to 1) assure selection of appropriate exposure markers, 2) assess seasonal and annual fluctuations in DBPs, 3) assess variability within the distribution system, and 4) assess exposure through multiple routes such as bathing and showering, as well as consumption. Population-based studies should be conducted to evaluate male and female fertility, conception delay, growth retardation, and specific birth defects. The reproductive and developmental effects of exposure to DBPs could be efficiently explored in ongoing investigations by incorporating valid exposure markers and relevant questionnaire information. Future studies should make use of naturally occurring variability in the concentrations of DBPs and may incorporate biomarkers of exposure and effect in their design. Epidemiologic investigations should be conducted in parallel with laboratory-based and animal studies in a coordinated, multidisciplinary approach.
Magnetic Turbulence and Thermodynamics in the Inner Region of Protoplanetary Discs
Creators: name: Hirose, Shigenobu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using radiation magnetohydrodynamics simulations with realistic opacities and equation of state, and zero net magnetic flux, we have explored thermodynamics in the inner part of protoplanetary discs where magnetic turbulence is expected. The thermal equilibrium curve consists of the upper, lower, and middle branches. The upper (lower) branch corresponds to hot (cool) and optically very (moderately) thick discs, respectively, while the middle branch is characterized by convective energy transport near the midplane. Convection is also the major energy transport process near the low surface density end of the upper branch. There, convective motion is fast with Mach numbers reaching $\gtrsim 0.01$, and enhances both magnetic turbulence and cooling, raising the ratio of vertically-integrated shear stress to vertically-integrated pressure by a factor of several. This convectively enhanced ratio seems a robust feature in accretion discs having an ionization transition. We have also examined causes of the S-shaped thermal equilibrium curve, as well as the thermal stability of the equilibrium solutions. Finally, we compared our results with the disc instability models used to explain FU Ori outbursts. Although the thermal equilibrium curve in our results also exhibits bistability, the surface density contrast across the bistability is an order of magnitude smaller, and the stress-to-pressure ratios in both upper and lower branches are two orders of magnitude greater, than those favored in the disc instability models. It therefore appears likely that FU Ori outbursts are not due solely to a thermal-viscous limit cycle resulting from accretion driven by local magnetic turbulence.
description: accepted for publication in MNRAS
GenoMed4All - A conversation on Federated Learning
Creators: name: Cremonesi, Francesco
name: Planat, Vincent
name: Lopez, Diana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: The second article in GenoMed4All's series of Knowledge Pills: A conversation on Federated Learning
description: This project receives funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme under Grant Agreement No. 101017549
Arrenurus (Rhinophoracarus) gracilipes Piersig 1906
Creators: name: Pešić, Vladimir
name: Chatterjee, Tapas
name: Bordoloi, Sabitry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Arrenuridae
Arrenurus
Arrenurus gracilipes

description: Arrenurus (Rhinophoracarus) gracilipes Piersig, 1906
Records from the study area: Maharashtra—“ Rhinophoracarus gracilipes “ Lundblad (1969).
Habitat: Ponds.
Distribution: India, Burma.
description: Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Chatterjee, Tapas & Bordoloi, Sabitry, 2010, A checklist of the water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) of India, with new records and description of one new species, pp. 1-54 in Zootaxa 2617 (1) on page 40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2617.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/197964
A lung retention model based on Michaelis-Menten-like kinetics
Creators: name: Rappaport, S M
name: Yu, R C
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1997

description: A Michaelis-Menten (MM)-like kinetic model for pulmonary clearance and retention of insoluble dusts was developed and validated by comparing our predictions with experimental data from F344 rats. Published data from inhalation studies involving accumulation and elimination of photocopy test toner, antimony trioxide, carbon black, and diesel exhaust particles were investigated. Numerical integration techniques were used to solve mass balance relationships based upon dust retention in a single lung compartment and clearance via an MM-like kinetic process. The model fit most of the experimental data well. The parameters of MM-like clearance kinetics, which had been derived strictly from the elimination phase, accurately predicted dust retention during the elimination as well as accumulation phases. Furthermore, parameters estimated from one study could accurately predict retention of the same dust in other studies. Particle density and gender of the animals had no effect on the goodness of fit of model predictions. This study suggests that MM-like kinetics offer a reasonable description of particle clearance from the pulmonary region of the rat lung that is more parsimonious than existing particle-clearance models and therefore more suitable for use with small amounts of data.Imagesp496-aFigure 1. AFigure 1. BFigure 2.Figure 3.Figure 4. AFigure 4. BFigure 4. CFigure 4. DFigure 5. AFigure 5. BFigure 6.Figure 7.Figure 8.Figure 9.Figure 10.
Turbulent Mixing on Helium-Accreting White Dwarfs
Creators: name: Piro, Anthony L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An attractive scenario for producing Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) is a double detonation, where detonation of an accreted helium layer triggers ignition of a C/O core. Whether or not such a mechanism can explain some or most SNe Ia depends on the properties of the helium burning, which in turn is set by the composition of the surface material. Using a combination of semi-analytic and simple numerical models, I explore when turbulent mixing due to hydrodynamic instabilities during the accretion process can mix C/O core material up into the accreted helium. Mixing is strongest at high accretion rates, large white dwarf (WD) masses, and slow spin rates. The mixing would result in subsequent helium burning that better matches the observed properties of SNe Ia. In some cases, there is considerable mixing that can lead to more than 50% C/O in the accreted layer at the time of ignition. These results will hopefully motivate future theoretical studies of such strongly mixed conditions. Mixing also has implications for other types of WD surface explosions, including the so-called .Ia supernovae, the calcium-rich transients (if they arise from accreting WDs), and metal-enriched classical novae.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Supplemental Methods and Tables_Final_APS_PF_KN.docx
Creators: name: Nally, Ken
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: This file contains supplementary tables, methods and figures for accepted manuscript ( GI-00104-2022R1 ) to American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology (AJPGI) entitled "DNA sensor associated type I IFN signalling is increased in ulcerative colitis and induces JAK-sependent inflammatory cell death in colonic organoids".
Early Adolescents’ Compassion and Social Cognitive Reasoning Regarding Hypothetical Scenarios of Harm
Creators: name: Edgin, Megan Lynn
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Compassion is multifaceted and involves an awareness of suffering, emotional resonance, a sense of common humanity, the ability to regulate difficult emotions, and a desire to relieve suffering (Strauss et al., 2016). Compassion can have numerous positive effects on individuals and society, such as being associated with decreased prejudice and increased prosocial behavior (Sinclair et al., 2016); however, compassion remains an underexplored construct in developmental research. The purpose of this study was to better understand compassion and social cognitive reasoning among sixth- and eighth-grade students regarding hypothetical intentional and accidental scenarios of harm. Sixth- and eighth-grade students (N=212) completed an online survey that included two scenarios of harm toward a non-friend peer followed by judgment & reasoning questions related to peer responses and compassion elements, an open-ended compassion description question, and the Dispositional Positive Emotions Scale, Compassion Subscale (DPES-CS). Findings include that dispositional compassion was higher among 8th grade participants compared to 6th grade participants. Early adolescents did not judge uncompassionate peer responses to intentional and accidental harm differently. However, context played a role in how early adolescents reasoned about uncompassionate responses, with moral reasoning used more frequently in the intentional harm scenario and social-conventional reasoning used more frequently in the accidental harm scenario. To varying degrees, all five elements of compassion were present in early adolescents’ responses to the scenarios, and moral reasoning was most frequently used in both scenarios regarding each element. The context of intentional versus accidental harm was associated with a number of differences in the presence of compassion elements and associated justifications. The study provides new insights into early adolescents’ experience, understanding, and reasoning related to compassion.
State Laws Relating to the Ownership of U.S. Land by Aliens and Business Entities
Creators: name: Mayer, Joseph W.
name: Mayer, Joseph W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1981
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: State laws
subject: aliens
subject: corporations
subject: landownership
subject: restrictions
subject: reporting requirements
subject: land acquisition
subject: statutes

description: A significant number of States have laws directed at the ownership of U.S. land by aliens and business entities. These laws vary greatly from State-to-State in the degree of their severity. Thirty States have some type of law restricting alien ownership of land. Eight States require aliens to report their landholdings within the State. Thirteen States restrict business entities from owning land or engaging in the business of farming. Ten States have laws requiring business entities to report their landholdings within the State. An individual State may be included in more than one of the above categories.
A reevaluation of cancer incidence near the Three Mile Island nuclear plant: the collision of evidence and assumptions
Creators: name: Richardson, D
name: Crawford-Brown, D
name: Armstrong, D
name: Wing, S
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1997

description: Previous studies concluded that there was no evidence that the 1979 nuclear accident at Three Mile Island (TMI) affected cancer incidence in the surrounding area; however, there were logical and methodological problems in earlier reports that led us to reconsider data previously collected. A 10-mile area around TMI was divided into 69 study tracts, which were assigned radiation dose estimates based on radiation reading and models of atmospheric dispersion. Incident cancers from 1975 to 1985 were ascertained from hospital records and assigned to study tracts. Associations between accident doses and incidence rates of leukemia, lung cancer, and all cancer were assessed using relative dose estimates calculated by the earlier investigators. Adjustments were made for age, sex, socioeconomic characteristics, and preaccident variation in incidence. Considering a 2-year latency, the estimated percent increase per dose unit +/- standard error was 0.020 +/- 0.012 for all cancer, 0.082 +/- 0.032 for lung cancer, and 0.116 +/- 0.067 for leukemia. Adjustment for socioeconomic variables increased the estimates to 0.034 +/- 0.013, 0.103 +/- 0.035, and 0.139 +/- 0.073 for all cancer, lung cancer, and leukemia, respectively. Associations were generally larger considering a 5-year latency, but were based on smaller numbers of cases. Results support the hypothesis that radiation doses are related to increased cancer incidence around TMI. The analysis avoids medical detection bias, but suffers from inaccurate dose classification; therefore, results may underestimate the magnitude of the association between radiation and cancer incidence. These associations would not be expected, based on previous estimates of near-background levels of radiation exposure following the accident.Imagesp52-a
Quantizations of multiplicative hypertoric varieties at a root of unity
Creators: name: Ganev, Iordan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We construct quantizations of multiplicative hypertoric varieties using an algebra of q-difference operators on affine space, where q is a root of unity in C. The quantization defines a matrix bundle (i.e. Azumaya algebra) over the multiplicative hypertoric variety and admits an explicit finite étale splitting. The global sections of this Azumaya algebra is a hypertoric quantum group, and we prove a localization theorem. We introduce a general framework of Frobenius quantum moment maps and their Hamiltonian reductions; our results shed light on an instance of this framework.
description: 26 pages
Assessing Materials For Use As Outdoor Insulation
Creators: name: Watson, John
Publisher: name: London South Bank University
Year: 1980

description: After surveying the numerous processes which can cause progressive degradation and eventual failure of outdoor insulation, the thesis summarises the principal mechanisms of failure by tracking and erosion. Various tests for comparing the relative resistance of insulating materials to tracking and erosion are discussed and the problems of interpreting the results for practical applications considered. After preliminary tests with the CTI drop method investigations were concentrated on the Inclined Plane test. It was soon apparent that the procedures detailed in current specifications were not sufficiently well defined to ensure reproducible results. In particular it is shown that air circulation and ambient humidity can appreciably affect the results with some materials. It is also shown that if the inductive impedance of the test transformer is high there will be a significant distortion of the test voltage waveform when severe discharges occur. Thus tests made in different laboratories and particularly with several samples tested in parallel may give differing results. Other factors which may appreciably affect test results have also been investigated. As the damage caused by the discharges must depend partly on their magnitude and partly on their recurrence frequency, it appeared important to monitor the changes in discharge behaviour and of the associated surface current and test voltage during several successive cycles. Special techniques have been developed for this purpose and the thesis discusses the significance of the results obtained on different insulating materials. In order to fully understand some of the information obtained from these results a degree of correlation between the electrical and physical characteristics of the discharges was required. A method was developed which allowed simultaneous recording of the discharge current wave and the discharges themselves. These results are presented in the latter part of the thesis and the final discussion is concerned with the mechanisms involved in determining the complex discharge pattern obtained.
Continuum intensity and [O I] spectral line profiles in solar 3D photospheric models: the effect of magnetic fields
Creators: name: Fabbian, D.
name: Moreno-Insertis, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The importance of magnetic fields in three-dimensional magnetoconvection models of the Sun's photosphere is investigated in terms of their influence on the continuum intensity at different viewing inclination angles, and on the intensity profile of two [O I] spectral lines. We use the RH numerical radiative transfer code to perform a posteriori spectral synthesis on the same time-series of magnetoconvection models used in our publications on the effect of magnetic fields on abundance determination. We obtain a good match of the synthetic disc-centre continuum intensity to the absolute continuum values from the FTS observational spectrum; the match of the centre-to-limb variation (CLV) synthetic data to observations is also good, thanks, in part, to the 3D radiation transfer capabilities of the RH code. The different levels of magnetic flux in the numerical time-series do not modify the quality of the match. Concerning the targetted [O I] spectral lines, we find, instead, that magnetic fields lead to non-negligible changes in the synthetic spectrum, with larger average magnetic flux causing the line to become noticeably weaker. The photospheric oxygen abundance that one would derive if instead using non-magnetic numerical models would thus be lower by a few to several centidexes. The inclusion of magnetic fields is confirmed to be important for improving the current modelling of the Sun, here in particular in terms of spectral line formation and of deriving consistent chemical abundances. These results may shed further light on the still controversial issue regarding the precise value of the solar oxygen abundance.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Evolutionary Dynamics with Fluctuating Population Sizes and Strong Mutualism
Creators: name: Chotibut, Thiparat
name: Nelson, David R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Game theory ideas provide a useful framework for studying evolutionary dynamics in a well-mixed environment. This approach, however, typically enforces a strictly fixed overall population size, deemphasizing natural growth processes. We study a competitive Lotka-Volterra model, with number fluctuations, that accounts for natural population growth and encompasses interaction scenarios typical of evolutionary games. We show that, in an appropriate limit, the model describes standard evolutionary games with both genetic drift and overall population size fluctuations. However, there are also regimes where a varying population size can strongly influence the evolutionary dynamics. We focus on the strong mutualism scenario and demonstrate that standard evolutionary game theory fails to describe our simulation results. We then analytically and numerically determine fixation probabilities as well as mean fixation times using matched asymptotic expansions, taking into account the population size degree of freedom. These results elucidate the interplay between population dynamics and evolutionary dynamics in well-mixed systems.
description: Updated Version, Published in Phys. Rev. E 92, 022718 on 20 August 2015
title: At the Crossroads: U.S. National Interests in the Gulf and the Middle East
Creators: name: DeKhayel, Khalid I.
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 1991

description: The United States not only has profound interests in the Middle East but, as the dominant international power, has an obligation to help· achieve peace and stability in that part of the world. As such, it should strive to play the leading role of championing a just and lasting peace between Israelis and Palestinians because the conflict in reality is not an Arab-Israeli one but is Israeli-Palestinian at its core. There are, of course, many barriers in the way of reaching that goal. Chief among them are the extremists on both sides. But the United States is in a unique position to encourage the moderates in the region and to work with them to overcome all the obstacles which will need to be conquered. In doing so, the United States will have accomplished a great deal of its stated national security interests and economically, strategically, and ideologically. objectives; This, it should be noted, will strengthen U.S. influence in the region and throughout the world.
Near-Field Cosmology with Metal-Poor Stars
Creators: name: Frebel, Anna
name: Norris, John E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The oldest, most metal-poor stars in the Galactic halo and satellite dwarf galaxies present an opportunity to explore the chemical and physical conditions of the earliest star forming environments in the Universe. We review the fields of stellar archaeology and dwarf galaxy archaeology by examining the chemical abundance measurements of various elements in extremely metal-poor stars. Focus on the carbon-rich and carbon-normal halo star populations illustrates how these provide insight into the Population III star progenitors responsible for the first metal enrichment events. We extend the discussion to near-field cosmology, which is concerned with the formation of the first stars and galaxies and how metal-poor stars can be used to constrain these processes. Complementary abundance measurements in high-redshift gas clouds further help to establish the early chemical evolution of the Universe. The data appear consistent with the existence of two distinct channels of star formation at the earliest times.
description: 126 pages, 12 figures, Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics (ARA&A), in press