cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Shear measurement bias II: a fast machine learning calibration method
Creators: name: Pujol, Arnau
name: Bobin, Jerome
name: Sureau, Florent
name: Guinot, Axel
name: Kilbinger, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new shear calibration method based on machine learning. The method estimates the individual shear responses of the objects from the combination of several measured properties on the images using supervised learning. The supervised learning uses the true individual shear responses obtained from copies of the image simulations with different shear values. On simulated GREAT3data, we obtain a residual bias after the calibration compatible with 0 and beyond Euclid requirements for a signal-to-noise ratio > 20 within ~15 CPU hours of training using only ~10^5 objects. This efficient machine-learning approach can use a smaller data set because the method avoids the contribution from shape noise. The low dimensionality of the input data also leads to simple neural network architectures. We compare it to the recently described method Metacalibration, which shows similar performances. The different methods and systematics suggest that the two methods are very good complementary methods. Our method can therefore be applied without much effort to any survey such as Euclid or the Vera C. Rubin Observatory, with fewer than a million images to simulate to learn the calibration function.
description: 16 pages, 1 table, 13 figures
MPEC 2024-T275 : 2024 TV13
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 TV13

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Additional file 1 of Association of the dietary patterns with the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease among Iranian population: a case-control study
Creators: name: Dehghanseresht, Narges
name: Jafarirad, Sima
name: Alavinejad, Seyed Pejman
name: Mansoori, Anahita
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Food list of 19 food groups in the FFQ of the present study
Prairie Crop Diversification
Creators: name: Smith, Elwin G.
name: Young, Douglas L.
name: Zentner, Robert P.
name: Smith, Elwin G.
name: Young, Douglas L.
name: Zentner, Robert P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The Canadian prairies traditionally have been dominated by spring wheat production. Crop diversification is now being advocated to enhance farm-level risk management, ecological benefits, nutrient cycling, and pest and disease control, and to reduce the farm economy’s reliance on income from a single crop. There has always been interest in diversifying away from wheat, but until recently, economically feasible alternatives have been limited, and government policies may have constrained the shift to other crops. Knowing the impact of prices and policies on crop diversification is essential to understanding producer response and to determining strategies to enhance cropping diversity.
Scaling limits for the generalized Langevin equation
Creators: name: Pavliotis, G. A.
name: Stoltz, G.
name: Vaes, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35B40, 46N30, 35Q84, 82M22, 60H10

description: In this paper, we study the diffusive limit of solutions to the generalized Langevin equation (GLE) in a periodic potential. Under the assumption of quasi-Markovianity, we obtain sharp longtime equilibration estimates for the GLE using techniques from the theory of hypocoercivity. We then prove asymptotic results for the effective diffusion coefficient in three limiting regimes: the short memory, the overdamped and the underdamped limits. Finally, we employ a recently developed spectral numerical method in order to calculate the effective diffusion coefficient for a wide range of (effective) friction coefficients, confirming our asymptotic results.
description: Minor revisions
Photodissociation of organic molecules in star-forming regions II: Acetic acid
Creators: name: Pilling, S.
name: Santos, A. C. F.
name: Boechat-Roberty, H. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fragments from organic molecule dissociation (such as reactive ions and radicals) can form interstellar complex molecules like amino acids. The goal of this work is to experimentally study photoionization and photodissociation processes of acetic acid (CH$_3$COOH), a glycine (NH$_2$CH$_2$COOH) precursor molecule, by soft X-ray photons. The measurements were taken at the Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), employing soft X-ray photons from a toroidal grating monochromator (TGM) beamline (100 - 310 eV). Mass spectra were obtained using the photoelectron photoion coincidence (PEPICO) method. Kinetic energy distribution and abundances for each ionic fragment have been obtained from the analysis of the corresponding peak shapes in the mass spectra. Absolute photoionization and photodissociation cross sections were also determined. We have found, among the channels leading to ionization, that only 4-6% of CH$_3$COOH survive the strong ionization field. CH$_3$CO$^+$, COOH$^+$ and CH$_3^+$ ions are the main fragments, and the presence of the former may indicate that the production-destruction process of acetic acid in hot molecular cores (HMCs) could decrease the H$_2$O abundance since the net result of this process converts H$_2$O into OH + H$^+$. The COOH$^+$ ion plays an important role in ion-molecule reactions to form large biomolecules like glycine.
description: Comments: 8 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables. Accepted to be printed in A&A
A Review of Causes for and Consequences of Economic Concentration in the U.S. Meatpacking Industry
Creators: name: Ward, Clement E.
name: Ward, Clement E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Clear and continuing changes in the structure of the U.S. meatpacking industry have significantly increased economic concentration since the mid-1970s. Concentration levels are among the highest of any industry in the United States, and well above levels generally considered to elicit non-competitive behavior and result in adverse economic performance, thereby triggering antitrust investigations and subsequent regulatory actions. Many agricultural economists and others deem this development paradoxical. While several civil antitrust lawsuits have been filed against the largest meatpacking firms, there have been no major antitrust decisions against those firms and there have been no significant federal government antitrust cases brought against the largest meatpacking firms over the period coincident with the period of major structural changes. The structural changes in the U.S. meatpacking industry raise a number of questions. What is the nature of the changes and what economic factors caused them? What evidence is there that economic behavior has shifted from competitive to non-competitive? What evidence is there that structural and behavioral changes have resulted in adverse economic performance? This paper reviews the available data and information pertaining to these questions and provides some insight into the answers. Structural changes are reviewed, along with discussion of one major causal factor for the changes. Then, numerous studies conducted over the past twenty years are reviewed, i.e., studies carried out at different times with alternative approaches and varying levels of data aggregation.
Putting Globalization and Concentration in the Agri-food Sector into Context
Creators: name: Sparling, David
name: Van Duren, Erna
name: Sparling, David
name: Van Duren, Erna
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
International Relations/Trade

description: From the protests in the streets of Genoa, Quebec and Seattle to the U.S. Senate, one doesn’t have to look far to find opposition to globalization and concentration.“… [D]o something about antitrust, the concentration that is clogging the free market …”1was one plea in the Senate debate of the Wellstone Amendment 2752. The proposal to place a moratorium on large agribusiness mergers and to establish a commission to review agricultural mergers, concentration, and market power was defeated 71 to 21 but provides an indicator of the concern felt in some quarters. Similar legislative proposals have been made in the European Union and again in the United States. Globalization and concentration have changed the agri-food sector. To experience global competitors, a firm does not have to enter new markets; the competitors will come to the firm. Adapting to the changing global landscape requires managers and policymakers to view the world differently, understand the factors behind the changes and plan how best to alter corporate strategy or government policy to meet the new challenges.
A Thermal Graviton Background from Extra Dimensions
Creators: name: Siegel, E. R.
name: Fry, J. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inflationary cosmology predicts a low-amplitude graviton background across a wide range of frequencies. This Letter shows that if one or more extra dimensions exist, the graviton background may have a thermal spectrum instead, dependent on the fundamental scale of the extra dimensions. The energy density is shown to be significant enough that it can affect nucleosynthesis in a substantial way. The possibility of direct detection of a thermal graviton background using the 21-cm hydrogen line is discussed. Alternative explanations for the creation of a thermal graviton background are also examined.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, requires autart.cls, to appear in Phys. Lett. B, 1 reference added
N$_2^+$ Lasing: Gain and Absorption in the Presence of Rotational Coherence
Creators: name: Lytova, Marianna
name: Richter, Maria
name: Morales, Felipe
name: Smirnova, Olga
name: Ivanov, Misha
name: Spanner, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We simulate the pump-probe experiments of lasing in molecular nitrogen ions with particular interest on the effects of rotational wave-packet dynamics. Our computations demonstrate that the coherent preparation of rotational wave packets in N$_2^+$ by an intense short non-resonant pulse results in a modulation of the subsequent emission from $B^2Σ_u^+ \rightarrow X^2Σ_g^+$ transitions induced by a resonant seed pulse. We model the dynamics of such pumping and emission using density matrix theory to describe the N$_2^+$ dynamics and the Maxwell wave equation to model the seed pulse propagation. We show that the gain and absorption of a delayed seed pulse is dependent on the pump-seed delay, that is, the rotational coherences excited by the pump pulse can modulate the gain and absorption of the delayed seed pulse. Further, we demonstrate that the coherent rotational dynamics of the nitrogen ions can cause lasing without electronic inversion.
Nonlinearity mediated miscibility dynamics of mass-imbalanced binary Bose Einstein condensate for circular atomtronics
Creators: name: Raghav, Sriganapathy
name: Ghosh, Suranjana
name: Halder, Barun
name: Roy, Utpal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the nonlinearity-induced and fractional revivals-driven miscibility dynamics of quasi-2D mass-imbalanced binary Bose-Einstein condensates, confined in a ring-shaped waveguide. During their time-evolution, the two condensate species generally remain miscible, as observed in the spatial density distributions and the autocorrelation functions. Although, the investigation is carried out for a wide range of mass-imbalance, initial demonstration is focussed on insignificant mass-imbalance of the two Rb-isotopes with suitable experimental parameters. The characteristic time scales are influenced by the trap parameters and the strengths of nonlinearities. The study also reveals the conditions under which the condensates become spatially distinguishable with clear signatures in their autocorrelation functions. A separability function further identifies favorable parameters and the fractional revival instances for greater separability. We report precise range of the ring-radius and the interaction strength for experimental realization. Additionally, the average separability variation reflects the result across a variety of condensate species.
description: 24 pages, 8 figures
Self-localized Solitons of a q-Deformed Quantum System
Creators: name: Bayindir, Cihan
name: Altintas, Azmi Ali
name: Ozaydin, Fatih
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Beyond a pure mathematical interest, q-deformation is promising for the modeling and interpretation of various physical phenomena. In this paper, we numerically investigate the existence and properties of the self-localized soliton solutions of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE) with a q-deformed Rosen-Morse potential. By implementing a Petviashvili method (PM), we obtain the self-localized one and two soliton solutions of the NLSE with a q-deformed Rosen-Morse potential. In order to investigate the temporal behavior and stabilities of these solitons, we implement a Fourier spectral method with a $4^{th}$ order Runge-Kutta time integrator. We observe that the self-localized one and two solitons are stable and remain bounded with a pulsating behavior and minor changes in the sidelobes of the soliton waveform. Additionally, we investigate the stability and robustness of these solitons under noisy perturbations. A sinusoidal monochromatic wave field modeled within the frame of the NLSE with a q-deformed Rosen-Morse potential turns into a chaotic wavefield and exhibits rogue oscillations due to modulation instability triggered by noise, however, the self-localized solitons of the NLSE with a q-deformed Rosen-Morse potential are stable and robust under the effect of noise. We also show that soliton profiles can be reconstructed after a denoising process performed using a Savitzky-Golay filter.
Mixed Graph Signal Analysis of Joint Image Denoising / Interpolation
Creators: name: Viswarupan, Niruhan
name: Cheung, Gene
name: Lan, Fengbo
name: Brown, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: A noise-corrupted image often requires interpolation. Given a linear denoiser and a linear interpolator, when should the operations be independently executed in separate steps, and when should they be combined and jointly optimized? We study joint denoising / interpolation of images from a mixed graph filtering perspective: we model denoising using an undirected graph, and interpolation using a directed graph. We first prove that, under mild conditions, a linear denoiser is a solution graph filter to a maximum a posteriori (MAP) problem regularized using an undirected graph smoothness prior, while a linear interpolator is a solution to a MAP problem regularized using a directed graph smoothness prior. Next, we study two variants of the joint interpolation / denoising problem: a graph-based denoiser followed by an interpolator has an optimal separable solution, while an interpolator followed by a denoiser has an optimal non-separable solution. Experiments show that our joint denoising / interpolation method outperformed separate approaches noticeably.
description: ICASSP 2024 - 2024 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)
Solute Induced Jittery Motion of Self-Propelled Droplets
Creators: name: Dwivedi, Prateek
name: Si, Bishwa Ranjan
name: Pillai, Dipin S.
name: Mangal, Rahul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The intriguing role of the presence of solutes in the activity of a self-propelling droplet is investigated. A system of self-propelling micron sized 4-pentyl-4-biphenylcarbonitrile (5CB) droplets in an aqueous solution of tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide (TTAB) as surfactant is considered. It is shown that addition of glycerol causes the active 5CB droplet to exhibit a transition from smooth to jittery motion. The motion is found to be independent of the droplet size and the nematic state of 5CB. Analogous experiments with Polyacrylamide (PAAm), Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA), as solutes confirm that such a transition cannot merely be explained solely based on the viscosity or Peclet number of the system. We propose that the specific nature of physicochemical interactions between the solute and the droplet interface is at the root of this transition. The experiments show that the time-scales associated with the influx and redistribution of surfactants at the interface are altered in the presence of solutes. Glycerol and PVP significantly enhance the rate of solubilization of the 5CB droplets resulting in a quicker re-distribution of the adsorbed TTAB molecules on the interface, causing the droplet to momentarily stop and then restart in an independent direction. On the other hand, low solubilization rates in the presence of PAAm and PVA lead to smooth trajectories. Our hypothesis is supported by the time evolution of droplet size and interfacial velocity measurements in the presence and absence of solute. Overall, our results provide fundamental insights into the complex interactions emerging due to the presence of solutes.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures
Approaching maximal precision of Hong-Ou-Mandel interferometry with non-perfect visibility
Creators: name: Meskine, Othmane
name: Descamps, Eloi
name: Keller, Arne
name: Lemaître, Aristide
name: Baboux, Florent
name: Ducci, Sara
name: Milman, Pérola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In quantum mechanics, the precision achieved in parameter estimation using a quantum state as a probe is determined by the measurement strategy employed. The ultimate quantum limit of precision is bounded by a value set by the state and its dynamics. Theoretical results have revealed that in interference measurements with two possible outcomes, this limit can be reached under ideal conditions of perfect visibility and zero losses. However, in practice, this cannot be achieved, so precision {\it never} reaches the quantum limit. But how do experimental setups approach precision limits under realistic circumstances? In this work we provide a general model for precision limits in two-photon Hong-Ou-Mandel interferometry for non-perfect visibility. We show that the scaling of precision with visibility depends on the effective area in time-frequency phase space occupied by the state used as a probe, and we find that an optimal scaling exists. We demonstrate our results experimentally for different states in a set-up where the visibility can be controlled and reaches up to $99.5\%$. In the optimal scenario, a ratio of $0.97$ is observed between the experimental precision and the quantum limit, establishing a new benchmark in the field.
Short cycles of random permutations with cycle weights: point processes approach
Creators: name: Galganov, Oleksii
name: Ilienko, Andrii
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60C05, 60G55

description: We study the asymptotic behavior of short cycles of random permutations with cycle weights. More specifically, on a specially constructed metric space whose elements encode all possible cycles, we consider a point process containing all information on cycles of a given random permutation on $\{1,\ldots,n\}$. The main result of the paper is the distributional convergence with respect to the vague topology of the above processes towards a Poisson point process as $n\to\infty$ for a wide range of cycle weights. As an application, we give several limit theorems for various statistics of cycles.
description: 12 pages
Discovery of Remote Star Clusters in the Halo of the Irregular Galaxy NGC 6822
Creators: name: Hwang, Narae
name: Lee, Myung Gyoon
name: Lee, Jong Chul
name: Park, Won-Kee
name: Park, Hong Soo
name: Park, Jang-Hyun
name: Sohn, Sangmo Tony
name: Lee, Sang-Gak
name: Lee, Hyung Mok
name: Chun, Mun-Suk
name: Lee, Young-Wook
name: Sohn, Young-Jong
name: Yuk, In-Soo
name: Kim, Sang Chul
name: Kim, Ho-Il
name: Han, Wonyong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of three new star clusters in the halo of the Local Group dwarf irregular galaxy NGC 6822. These clusters were found in the deep images taken with the MegaPrime at the CFHT, covering a total field of 2 deg x 2 deg. The most remote cluster is found to be located as far as 79 arcmin away from the center of NGC 6822. This distance is several times larger than the size of the region in NGC 6822 where star clusters were previously found. Morphological structures of the clusters and color-magnitude diagrams of the resolved stars in the clusters show that at least two of these clusters are proabably old globular clusters.
description: 2 pages, 2 figures, proceedings of IAU Colloquium 198, "Near-Field Cosmology With Dwarf Elliptical Galaxies", editors H. Jerjen and B. Binggeli, Cambridge University Press
title: Le Glossaire multilingue de la gestion du risque Anglais / Français / Allemand / Espagnol / Roumain / Finnois / Hongrois / Russe
Creators: name: Hilgert, Emilia
Publisher: name: Savoirs en prisme
Year: 2013

description: Le Glossaire multilingue de la gestion du risque / Multilingual Glossary of Risk Management (GMGR / MGRM) peut être présenté quantitativement comme un ouvrage de 704 pages, ayant quatre auteurs, six traducteurs, onze collaborateurs scientifiques et techniques et présentant en huit langues 230 mots, avec 400 définitions et 1400 collocations et expressions sémantiquement ou lexicalement associées. Son élaboration a duré plus de huit ans, a fait partie d’un programme européen et a supposé la recherche de financements supplémentaires, une fois le projet européen terminé, pour passer des cinq langues de sa version 2006/2007 visible sur le site de l’Université de Vienne (http://mgrm.univie.ac.at/) aux huit langues de sa version de 2011, annoncée comme version pre-print.
description: Savoirs en prisme, No. 02 (2013): Normes, marges, transgressions
Free fermions with dephasing and boundary driving: Bethe Ansatz results
Creators: name: Alba, Vincenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By employing the Lindblad equation, we derive the evolution of the two-point correlator for a free-fermion chain of length $L$ subject to bulk dephasing and boundary losses. We use the Bethe ansatz to diagonalize the Liouvillian ${\mathcal L}^{\scriptscriptstyle(2)}$ governing the dynamics of the correlator. The majority of its energy levels are complex. Precisely, $L(L-1)/2$ complex energies do not depend on dephasing, apart for a trivial shift. The remaining complex levels are perturbatively related to the dephasing-independent ones for large $L$. The long-time dynamics is governed by a band of real energies, which contains an extensive number of levels. They give rise to diffusive scaling at intermediate times, when boundaries can be neglected. Moreover, they encode the breaking of diffusion at asymptotically long times. Interestingly, for large loss rate two boundary modes appear in the spectrum. The real energies correspond to string solutions of the Bethe equations, and can be treated effectively for large chains. This allows us to derive compact formulas for the dynamics of the fermionic density. We check our results against exact diagonalization, finding perfect agreement.
description: 34 pages, 14 figures, one appendix. Typos corrected, similar to published version
Fluctuational Electrodynamics in Atomic and Macroscopic Systems: van der Waals Interactions and Radiative Heat Transfer
Creators: name: Venkataram, Prashanth S.
name: Hermann, Jan
name: Tkatchenko, Alexandre
name: Rodriguez, Alejandro W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 78A99

description: We present an approach to describing fluctuational electrodynamic (FED) interactions, particularly van der Waals (vdW) interactions as well as radiative heat transfer (RHT), between material bodies of vastly different length scales, allowing for going between atomistic and continuum treatments of the response of each of these bodies as desired. Any local continuum description of electromagnetic (EM) response is compatible with our approach, while atomistic descriptions in our approach are based on effective electronic and nuclear oscillator degrees of freedom, encapsulating dissipation, short-range electronic correlations, and collective nuclear vibrations (phonons). While our previous works using this approach have focused on presenting novel results, this work focuses on the derivations underlying these methods. First, we show how the distinction between "atomic" and "macroscopic" bodies is ultimately somewhat arbitrary, as formulas for vdW free energies and RHT look very similar regardless of how the distinction is drawn. Next, we demonstrate that the atomistic description of material response in our approach yields EM interaction matrix elements which are expressed in terms of analytical formulas for compact bodies or semianalytical formulas based on Ewald summation for periodic media; we use this to compute vdW interaction free energies as well as RHT powers among small biological molecules in the presence of a metallic plate as well as between parallel graphene sheets in vacuum, showing strong deviations from conventional macroscopic theories due to the confluence of geometry, phonons, and EM retardation effects. Finally, we propose formulas for efficient computation of FED interactions among material bodies in which those that are treated atomistically as well as those treated through continuum methods may have arbitrary shapes, extending previous surface-integral techniques.
description: 25 pages, 5 figures, 2 appendices
The Great Emu Bubble: A Retrospective Look at a New Industry Failure
Creators: name: Turvey, Calum G.
name: Sparling, David
name: Turvey, Calum G.
name: Sparling, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: Innovative new products offer agri-food producers and processors an opportunity to differentiate their output from the commodities prevalent in the sector. Unfortunately, many new products do not live up to initial expectations and are eventually abandoned. However, even with products that are doomed to fail, there is occasionally a period of time after their introduction when strong, but fallacious, indicators of success appear. Sometimes the initial appearance of success is so strong that new entrants rush in, increasing demand and prices for production capacity, thereby strengthening the illusion of industry success. Eventually, supply catches up to the unsupported demand and the bubble bursts. The fall is often dramatic and painful. This paper provides a retrospective examination of the economic factors surrounding one example of such a situation, the Ontario emu bubble between 1993 and 1996.
Boys and girls in the reading club : conversations about gender and reading in an urban elementary school
Creators: name: Moffatt, Lyndsay Elizabeth
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Recent research has revealed a gender gap in reading attitudes and achievement. Broadly speaking, when compared with girls, boys display a more negative attitude towards reading and perform less well on measures of reading achievement. Yet, why boys appear to have such difficulties with reading and why girls appear to have fewer difficulties with it has yet to be fully explored. This thesis examines the talk of a group of grade five and six students at a multi-cultural, multi-lingual, mixed socio-economic urban elementary school, concerning their ideas of gender normative behaviour, gendered reading practices and the consequences of non-normative gender performances or gender crossing behaviour. Using Critical Socio-Cultural theories of literacy and learning and Feminist Post-Structuralist theories of gender and identity, this year long ethnographic study reveals that students' investments in their gender identities may help to create and maintain the gender gap in reading attitudes and achievement. In particular, boys' investment in maintaining a heteronormative masculine identity may interfere with their participation in school based print literacy. The implications of these findings for bridging the gender reading gap are discussed. In addition, this thesis raises questions about the simplicity of current conceptions of the gender reading gap that depict boys as victims and girls as victors in school. This thesis adds to research that calls for a more complex understanding of issues of gender, "race" and class in .contemporary classrooms.
Investigating Canadian Chicken Importers' Preferences Towards TRQ Import Licensing Mechanisms
Creators: name: Surprenant, David
name: Gervais, Jean-Philippe
name: Surprenant, David
name: Gervais, Jean-Philippe
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
International Relations/Trade

description: The Agreement on Agriculture ratified at the end of the Uruguay Round of WTO negotiations called for the conversion of non-tariff barriers to trade into bound tariffs. This tariffication would have resulted in excessively high tariffs, which would have threatened historic market access levels if not for WTO member countries agreeing to introduce tariff-rate quotas (TRQs). TRQs are two-tier tariffs. Imports below an agreed quota are taxed at a usually low (or zero) in-quota tariff rate while imported commodities in excess of the quota level are taxed at the higher (often prohibitive) over-quota tariff rate. In the process of implementing TRQs, WTO members failed to explicitly regulate TRQ administration procedures. As a result, numerous administration procedures for allocating import licenses were developed in many countries. Importing activities in the Canadian chicken industry have been regulated with a TRQ since 1995. Firms holding the right to import chicken products at the in-quota tariff can potentially enjoy significant rents due to the spread between domestic and world prices. The magnitude of these rents depends upon a number of domestic factors such as market concentration in the processing and retail sectors, production technology, farm output regulation, and so on. This analysis evaluates the preferences of Canadian chicken importers towards TRQ import licensing mechanisms and provides insights about importers’ attitudes towards Canadian trade policy in the chicken sector.
A non-linear EFT description of $gg\to HH$ at NLO interfaced to POWHEG
Creators: name: Heinrich, G.
name: Jones, S. P.
name: Kerner, M.
name: Scyboz, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the implementation of Higgs boson pair production in gluon fusion within a non-linear Effective Field Theory framework containing five anomalous couplings for this process. The code, available within the POWHEG-BOX-V2, includes full NLO QCD corrections with massive top quarks. All five couplings can be modified by the user. We show $m_{hh}$ distributions at seven benchmark points provided by an $m_{hh}$ shape analysis at NLO and showered $p_T^{hh}$ distributions resulting from an interface to Pythia-8 and Herwig-7.2.
description: Version 2: replaced by published version. Code available from the Powheg-Box website
Key Role of Orbital Anisotropy in Geometrically Frustrated Electron System
Creators: name: Onishi, Hiroaki
name: Hotta, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By using the density matrix renormalization group method, we investigate ground- and excited-state properties of the e_g-orbital degenerate Hubbard model at quarter filling for two kinds of lattices, zigzag chain and ladder. In the zigzag chain, the system is effectively regarded as a decoupled double chain of the S=1/2 antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model, and the spin gap is approximately zero, similar to the case of weakly coupled Heisenberg chains. On the other hand, in the ladder, the spin correlation on the rung remains robust and the spin gap exists.
description: 2 pages, 2 figures, Proceedings of SCES'04 (July 26-30, 2004, Karlsruhe)
Spatial price integration and price transmission among major fish markets in India
Creators: name: Shinoj, P.
name: Kumar, B. Ganesh
name: Sathiadhas, R.
name: Datta, K.K.
name: Menon, Muktha
name: Singh, Shiv Kumar
name: Shinoj, P.
name: Kumar, B. Ganesh
name: Sathiadhas, R.
name: Datta, K.K.
name: Menon, Muktha
name: Singh, Shiv Kumar
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The domestic fish marketing system in India deserves to be developed into a strong network of efficiently functioning markets, as more than three-fourths of the country’s total fish production is channellised domestically. With the unleashing of a new global economic order, the efficiency of markets needs to be dealt with utmost importance. The degree of spatial market integration and price transmission between the major coastal markets in India have been reported using monthly retail price data on important marine fish species. It has been observed that degree of integration and rate of price transmission differ according to species. The highest integration has been observed in mackerel, probably because of its affordability to all income classes, resulting in a wide consumer base. Among various markets, a near full transmission of prices has been observed between Kerala and Tamil Nadu markets, except in the case of shrimp. Even though a major landing centre, the price movement in Maharashtra market has been found independent of other markets. The spatial market integration between major shrimp markets in the country has appeared to be the least, possibly because of its greater market share outside the country. The study has suggested to devise strategies to bring about greater integration between these markets so that both fishermen and the fish-consuming community in the country are benefitted.
A parsimonious, computationally efficient machine learning method for spatial regression
Creators: name: Žukovič, Milan
name: Hristopulos, Dionissios T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce the modified planar rotator method (MPRS), a physically inspired machine learning method for spatial/temporal regression. MPRS is a non-parametric model which incorporates spatial or temporal correlations via short-range, distance-dependent ``interactions'' without assuming a specific form for the underlying probability distribution. Predictions are obtained by means of a fully autonomous learning algorithm which employs equilibrium conditional Monte Carlo simulations. MPRS is able to handle scattered data and arbitrary spatial dimensions. We report tests on various synthetic and real-word data in one, two and three dimensions which demonstrate that the MPRS prediction performance (without parameter tuning) is competitive with standard interpolation methods such as ordinary kriging and inverse distance weighting. In particular, MPRS is a particularly effective gap-filling method for rough and non-Gaussian data (e.g., daily precipitation time series). MPRS shows superior computational efficiency and scalability for large samples. Massive data sets involving millions of nodes can be processed in a few seconds on a standard personal computer.
description: 42 pages, 15 figures
Continual Learning with Gated Incremental Memories for sequential data processing
Creators: name: Cossu, Andrea
name: Carta, Antonio
name: Bacciu, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The ability to learn in dynamic, nonstationary environments without forgetting previous knowledge, also known as Continual Learning (CL), is a key enabler for scalable and trustworthy deployments of adaptive solutions. While the importance of continual learning is largely acknowledged in machine vision and reinforcement learning problems, this is mostly under-documented for sequence processing tasks. This work proposes a Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) model for CL that is able to deal with concept drift in input distribution without forgetting previously acquired knowledge. We also implement and test a popular CL approach, Elastic Weight Consolidation (EWC), on top of two different types of RNNs. Finally, we compare the performances of our enhanced architecture against EWC and RNNs on a set of standard CL benchmarks, adapted to the sequential data processing scenario. Results show the superior performance of our architecture and highlight the need for special solutions designed to address CL in RNNs.
description: Accepted as a conference paper at 2020 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN 2020). Part of 2020 IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence (IEEE WCCI 2020)
Teacher crossings : reflections on multlingual lives in language teaching
Creators: name: Jope, Gilmour
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This qualitative study explored the lives of five language teachers from a range of cultural and linguistic backgrounds who have achieved high levels of fluency in other languages and how they believe their experiences have shaped their understandings of language learning and teaching. Taking a narrative approach to the study of making meaning of human experience, teachers' stories were found to be deeply embedded in their personal, social, cultural, educational, and professional histories. Continued personal agency, language play, and pronunciation were central features of their reflections on language learning, and their stories revealed an emerging intercultural identity characterized by an increasing acceptance of difference, an awareness of the commonalities of humankind, and a deeper appreciation of their first linguistic and cultural heritages. Teachers' evolving professional knowledge and practice had been informed by a range of influences, yet personal experience with language learning was reported as an important influence on their teaching, resulting in an increased empathy and awareness of difference concerning their students' approaches to language learning and their own, the importance of self-directedness on the part of their language students, and an increasing emphasis on flexibility, willingness, and ability to adapt their practices to the different educational contexts in which they teach.
Whether commodity futures market in agriculture is efficient in price discovery? - An econometric analysis
Creators: name: Easwaran, R. Salvadi
name: Ramasundaram, P.
name: Easwaran, R. Salvadi
name: Ramasundaram, P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Agricultural Finance

description: In any agriculture-dominated economy, like India, farmers face not only yield risk but price risk as well. Commodity futures and derivatives have a crucial role to play in the price risk management process, especially in agriculture. The present study is an investigation into the futures markets in agricultural commodities in India. The statistical analysis of data on price discovery in a sample of four agricultural commodities traded in futures exchanges have indicated that price discovery does not occur in agricultural commodity futures market. The econometric analysis of the relationship between price return, volume, market depth and volatility has shown that the market volume and depth are not significantly influenced by the return and volatility of futures as well as spot markets. The Bartlett’s test statistic has been found insignificant in both the exchanges, signifying that the futures and spot markets are not integrated. The exchange-specific problems like thin volume and low market depth, infrequent trading, lack of effective participation of trading members, non-awareness of futures market among farmers, no well-developed spot market in the vicinity of futures market, poor physical delivery, absence of a well-developed grading and standardization system and market imperfections have been found as the major deficiencies retarding the growth of futures market. The future of futures market in respect of agricultural commodities in India, calls for a more focused and pragmatic approach from the government. The Forward Markets Commission and SEBI have a greater role in addressing all the institutional and policy level constraints so as to make the agricultural commodity futures and derivatives a meaningful, purposeful and vibrant segment for price risk management in the Indian agriculture.
A non-linear duality-invariant conformal extension of Maxwell's equations
Creators: name: Bandos, Igor
name: Lechner, Kurt
name: Sorokin, Dmitri
name: Townsend, Paul K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: All nonlinear extensions of the source-free Maxwell equations preserving both SO(2) electromagnetic duality invariance and conformal invariance are found, and shown to be limits of a one-parameter generalisation of Born-Infeld electrodynamics. The strong-field limit is the same as that found by Bialynicki-Birula from Born-Infeld theory but the weak-field limit is a new one-parameter extension of Maxwell electrodynamics, which is interacting but admits exact light-velocity plane-wave solutions of arbitrary polarisation. Small-amplitude waves on a constant uniform electromagnetic background exhibit birefringence, but one polarisation mode remains lightlike.
description: 5 pages. v2 includes many simplifications and additional references, and additional material on birefringence
Domestic fish marketing in India - changing structure, conduct, performance and policies
Creators: name: Kumar, B. Ganesh
name: Datta, K.K.
name: Joshi, P.K.
name: Katiha, P.K.
name: Suresh, R.
name: Ravisankar, T.
name: Ravindranath, K.
name: Menon, Muktha
name: Kumar, B. Ganesh
name: Datta, K.K.
name: Joshi, P.K.
name: Katiha, P.K.
name: Suresh, R.
name: Ravisankar, T.
name: Ravindranath, K.
name: Menon, Muktha
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This study has been conducted in all the major coastal states and some selected inland states to understand the domestic marketing of fish in India. The total marketing costs of auctioneer, wholesaler, retailer, vendor, marine fishermen cooperative society and contractor/freshwater fishermen cooperative society have been found to be Re 0.98, Rs 8.89, Rs 6.61, Rs 4.50, Rs 6.00 and Rs 3.51, respectively. The marketing efficiencies for Indian major carps (IMC), sardine and seer fish have been found to vary from 34 per cent to 74 per cent, depending on the length of market channel. The marketing efficiency has been found more in the case of marine species than freshwater species, since the latter travel longer distances from the point of production to consumption centre, passing many intermediaries as compared to the former. The fisherman’s share in consumer’s rupee has shown variations across species, marketing channels and markets. The infrastructure facilities at most of the surveyed landing centres, fishing harbours and wholesale and retail markets have been found grossly inadequate and poorly maintained. The study has highlighted the need for formulating a uniform market policy for fishes for easy operation and regulation so that the country’s fish production is efficiently managed and delivered to the consuming population, ensuring at the same time remunerative prices to the fishers.
Search for Global Metric Anisotropy in Type Ia Supernova Data
Creators: name: Jain, Pankaj
name: Modgil, Moninder S.
name: Ralston, John P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the Type 1a supernova data in order to determine if it shows any signal of large scale anisotropy. The anisotropy is modelled by an extended Gödel metric, which incorporates expansion along with rotation. The model is smoothly connected to the usual FRW type, while expressing anisotropic metric effects depending on certain parameters. We find no significant signal of anisotropy in the data. We obtain bounds on an anisotropic redshift versus magnitude relationship, and accompanying parameters of the Gödel-Obukhov metric.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures, minor changes, to be published in Modern Physics Letters A