The Multi-fold Least Action Principle, a Quasi Theory Of Everything
Creators: name: Maes, Stephane
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Action
subject: multi-fold universe
subject: Multi-fold theory
subject: Gravity
subject: General Relativity
subject: Quantum Physics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Classical Physics
subject: Quantum Gravity
subject: spacetime
subject: Path Integral
subject: Feynman Diagram
subject: Least action
subject: Action principle
subject: Entropy
subject: Thermodynamics
subject: Coarse grain entropy
subject: adiabatic
subject: reversible irreversible conservative
subject: D'alembert
subject: Energy
subject: Entanglement
subject: Entanglement entropy
subject: Entropy and action
subject: Equilibrium
subject: Fine grained entropy
subject: Gibbs
subject: Hamilton
subject: Hamiltonian
subject: Langrangian
subject: information theory
subject: minimum
subject: maximum
subject: Onsager
subject: Prigogine
subject: Relationship
subject: Theory of everyting
subject: Surfaceology
subject: Amplituhedron
subject: TOE
subject: Von Neumann Entropy
subject: Wick rotation
subject: double copy
subject: Incompleteness Theorems
subject: God's equation
subject: random walk
subject: second law

description: The principle of least action is known to apply to many domains of Physics. Yet its justifications and derivations usually come from archaic classical principles like the Fermat or Maupertuis principles, or mathematical analytical frameworks used for classical mechanics like the Lagrange, Hamilton and D’Alembert formalisms. As is well known, it is widely applicable to other domains, without necessarily a clear justification for it, especially when applied to Physics where Lagrangians or Hamiltonians may not be defined or do not exist. In addition, the Feynman Path Integral formulation of Quantum Mechanics gave it a second life, and another way to justify its validity not only in classical, but also in quantum Physics. However, the conventional logic to reach these conclusions is at time circular, and the principle is applied without proof that it is applicable: it just works and everybody does it. It is this applicability that led us in the past to treat the Action path integral as God’s equation.

 

The paper justifies the principle of least action and Feynman’s path integrals through different physical reasoning instead of the traditional mathematical formalism, and on that basis we confirm its validity in most situations, even if Hamiltonians or Lagrangians may be shaky to define, or the system may be dissipative. We also explain when, and why, sometimes, it may not conventionally apply. The derivation uncovers different links between Entropy and Action, which also opens a different way to look at the origin of the probability distribution of even just a single lone particle; especially when complemented with the W-type multi-fold hypothesis, and makes some considerations on Feynman diagrams, instantons, renormalons and resurgence. Also discontinuities in the paths of the path integrals imply that spacetime is discrete, and non-commutative, and supersymmetry in flat spacetime is unphysical. Surfaceology, as optimized computation of the Feynman diagram is shown to trivially predict that all gauge theories double copy dual to gravity share the same forbidden scatterings. 

 

Relying on a recently encountered paper, we show how the results of the multi-fold theory, in particular the multi-fold space time matter induction and scattering, built explicitly on the path integral formalism, its underlying principles, and the principle of least action, allows recovering almost everything in Today’s physics. It leaves out essentially only some of the coupling constants and mixing angles/parameters. This goes a long way towards the ambition of a Theory Of Everything (TOE), even if not presented as usually expected. It maybe the best that can be achieved considering Gödel's incompleteness theorems. 

 

Our justification of the principle of least action, and path integrals, and our work on multi-fold theory encounters relationships between Entropy and Action. We review these encounters, including how our early prediction that entanglement might be irreversible match recent published results that argue against the existence of a (second) Law of entanglement analogous to the second Law of Thermodynamics. 

 

Also, from our approach, we obtain a formulation of the evolution of entropy, including for irreversible systems, which matches Onsager and Prigogine’s famous models and principles.   

 
description: Cite as: Stephane H. Maes, (2023), "The Multi-fold Least Action Principle, a Quasi Theory Of Everything", https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14542569, https://shmaesphysics.wordpress.com/2023/02/19/the-multi-fold-least-action-principle-a-quasi-theory-of-everything/, February 19, 2023.