cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Search for Exotic Baryons in 800 GeV pp (rtarrow) pXiPiX
Creators: name: Christian, D. C.
name: Felix, J.
name: Gottschalk, E. E.
name: Hartouni, E. P.
name: Knapp, B. C.
name: Kreisler, M. N.
name: Moreno, G.
name: Reyes, M. A.
name: Sosa, M.
name: Wang, M. H. L. S.
name: Wehmann, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results of a high-statistics, sensitive search for narrow baryon resonances decaying to $Ξ^-π^-$, $Ξ^-π^+$, $\barΞ^+π^-$, and $\barΞ^+π^+$. The only resonances observed are the well known $Ξ^0(1530)$ and $\bar{Ξ^0}(1530)$. No evidence is found for a state near 1862 MeV, previously reported by NA49\cite{NA49}. At the 95% confidence level, we find the upper limit for the production of a Gaussian enhancement with $σ=7.6$ MeV in the $Ξ^-π^-$ effective mass spectrum to be 0.3% of the number of observed $Ξ^0(1530)\toΞ^-π^+$. We find similarly restrictive upper limits for an enhancement at 1862 MeV in the $Ξ^-π^+$, $\barΞ^+π^-$, and $\barΞ^+π^+$ mass spectra.
description: Submitted to PRL
Mechanical oscillator thermometry in the nonlinear optomechanical regime
Creators: name: Montenegro, Victor
name: Genoni, Marco G.
name: Bayat, Abolfazl
name: Paris, Matteo G. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optomechanical systems are promising platforms for controlled light-matter interactions. They are capable of providing several fundamental and practical novel features when the mechanical oscillator is cooled down to nearly reach its ground state. In this framework, measuring the effective temperature of the oscillator is perhaps the most relevant step in the characterization of those systems. In conventional schemes, the cavity is driven strongly, and the overall system is well-described by a linear (Gaussian preserving) Hamiltonian. Here, we depart from this regime by considering an undriven optomechanical system via non-Gaussian radiation-pressure interaction. To measure the temperature of the mechanical oscillator, initially in a thermal state, we use light as a probe to coherently interact with it and create an entangled state. We show that the optical probe gets a nonlinear phase, resulting from the non-Gaussian interaction, and undergoes an incoherent phase diffusion process. To efficiently infer the temperature from the entangled light-matter state, we propose using a nonlinear Kerr medium before a homodyne detector. Remarkably, placing the Kerr medium enhances the precision to nearly saturate the ultimate quantum bound given by the quantum Fisher information. Furthermore, it also simplifies the thermometry procedure as it makes the choice of the homodyne local phase independent of the temperature, which avoids the need for adaptive sensing protocols.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 1 of Revised version with tracked changes oral Magnesium reduces levels of pathogenic autoantibodies and skin disease in murine lupus
Creators: name: Verlato, Alberto
name: Laragione, Teresina
name: Bin, Sofia
name: Kim, Randie H.
name: Salem, Fadi
name: Gulko, Percio S.
name: Cravedi, Paolo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplementary Material 1
Discovery of rotation axis alignments in Milky Way globular clusters
Creators: name: Piatti, Andrés E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is an increasing number of recent observational results which show that some globular clusters exhibit internal rotation while they travel along their orbital trajectories around the Milky Way center. Based on these findings, we looked for any relationship between the inclination angles of the globular clusters' orbits with respect to the Milky Way plane and those of their rotation. We discovered that the relative inclination, in the sense rotation axis inclination - orbit axis inclination, is a function of the globular cluster's orbit inclination. Rotation and orbit axes are aligned for an inclination of ~ 56deg, while the rotation axis inclination is far from the orbit's one between ~ 20deg and -20deg when the latter increases from 0deg up to 90deg. We further investigated the origin of such a linear relationship and found no correlation with the semimajor axes and eccentricities of the globular clusters' orbits, nor with the internal rotation strength, the globular clusters' sizes, actual and tidally disrupted masses, half-mass relaxation times, among others. The uncovered relationship will impact on the development of numerical simulations of the internal rotation of globular clusters, on our understanding about the interaction of the globular clusters with the Milky Way gravitational field, and on the observational campaigns for increasing the number of studied globular clusters with detected internal rotation.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics Letters
Nonequilibrium steady states in a vibrated-rod monolayer: tetratic, nematic and smectic correlations
Creators: name: Narayan, Vijay
name: Menon, Narayanan
name: Ramaswamy, Sriram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study experimentally the nonequilibrium phase behaviour of a horizontal monolayer of macroscopic rods. The motion of the rods in two dimensions is driven by vibrations in the vertical direction. Aside from the control variables of packing fraction and aspect ratio that are typically explored in molecular liquid crystalline systems, due to the macroscopic size of the particles we are also able to investigate the effect of the precise shape of the particle on the steady states of this driven system. We find that the shape plays an important role in determining the nature of the orientational ordering at high packing fraction. Cylindrical particles show substantial tetratic correlations over a range of aspect ratios where spherocylinders have previously been shown by Bates et al (JCP 112, 10034 (2000)) to undergo transitions between isotropic and nematic phases. Particles that are thinner at the ends (rolling pins or bails) show nematic ordering over the same range of aspect ratios, with a well-established nematic phase at large aspect ratio and a defect-ridden nematic state with large-scale swirling motion at small aspect ratios. Finally, long-grain, basmati rice, whose geometry is intermediate between the two shapes above, shows phases with strong indications of smectic order.
description: 18 pages and 13 eps figures, references added
Magnetism of two-dimensional defects in Pd: stacking faults, twin boundaries and surfaces
Creators: name: Alexandre, Simone S.
name: Anglada, Eduardo
name: Soler, Jose M.
name: Yndurain, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Careful first-principles density functional calculations reveal the importance of hexagonal versus cubic stacking of closed packed planes of Pd as far as local magnetic properties are concerned. We find that, contrary to the stable face centered cubic phase, which is paramagnetic, the hexagonal close-packed phase of Pd is ferromagnetic with a magnetic moment of 0.35 $μ_{B}$/atom. Our results show that two-dimensional defects with local hcp stacking, like twin boundaries and stacking faults, in the otherwise fcc Pd structure, increase the magnetic susceptibility. The (111) surface also increases the magnetic susceptibility and it becomes ferromagnetic in combination with an individual stacking fault or twin boundary close to it. On the contrary, we find that the (100) surface decreases the tendency to ferromagnetism. The results are consistent with the magnetic moment recently observed in small Pd nanoparticles, with a large surface area and a high concentration of two-dimensional stacking defects.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures
On the Submillimeter Opacity of Protoplanetary Disks
Creators: name: Draine, B. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solid particles with the composition of interstellar dust and power-law size distribution dn/da propto a^{-p} for a < a_max with a_{max} > 3 lambda and 3 < p < 4 will have submm opacity spectral index beta(lambda) = dln(kappa)/dln(nu) approx (p-3) beta_{ism}, where beta_{ism} approx 1.7 is the opacity spectral index of interstellar dust material in the Rayleigh limit. For the power-law index p approx 3.5 that characterizes interstellar dust, and that appears likely for particles growing by agglomeration in protoplanetary disks, grain growth to sizes a > 3 mm will result in beta(1 mm) < ~1. Grain growth can naturally account for beta approx 1 observed for protoplanetary disks, provided that a_{max} > ~ 3 lambda.
description: Submitted to ApJ. 17 pages, 6 figures
Economic Performance in Alberta Dairy: An Application of the Mimic Model
Creators: name: Richards, Timothy J.
name: Jeffrey, Scott R.
name: Richards, Timothy J.
name: Jeffrey, Scott R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: Dairy production at the farm-level is undergoing a rapid transformation in preparation for more open competition in the future. However, the means by which dairy farms can best improve their economic performance is of some question. Using measures of allocative, technical, and overall efficiency as indicators of a latent "performance" variable, this study specifies and estimates a multiple-indicator, multiple-cause (MIMIC) model of Alberta dairy production. Variables thought to "cause" performance include herd size, milk yield, breeding and veterinary expense, capital-to-labour ratio, concentrate-to-forage ratio, and operator experience. The results show that gains in performance may be made through increased capital intensity, greater spending on breeding and herd health, and, albeit marginally, through increased milk yields. Despite current trends toward larger dairy herds, this may not be a fruitful avenue for future improvements in dairy efficiency.
Radiative muon capture by 3He
Creators: name: Ho, Ernest Chun Yue
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The rate of the nuclear reaction ³He + μ- —> ³H + vµ + γ has been calculated by two different methods: the elementary particle model (EPM) approach and the impulse approximation (IA) approach. The exclusive statistical radiative muon capture (RMC) rate for photon energy greater than 60 MeV, Γrmcstat, using the elementary particle model approach is found to be 0.2113 s- 1 and the ordinary muon capture (OMC) rate is 1503 s-1. Several trinucleon wavefunctions from different types of realistic nucleon potentials are used for the impulse approximation calculation and it is found that the capture rates calculated via the IA exhibit slight model dependences, possibly arising from differences in binding energy predictions, nature of potentials used or partial wave properties. The impulse approximation version of Γrmcstat ranges from 0.1313 to 0.1387 s-1 and the corresponding OMC rate ranges from 1260 to 1360 s-1. The difference in reaction rates between IA and EPM is larger in RMC due to some of the extra Adler and Dothan terms. Therefore, a meson exchange current (MEC) calculation of RMC seems necessary to account for this discrepancy. [Scientific formulae used in this abstract could not be reproduced.]
The role of clouds on the depletion of methane and water dominance in the transmission spectra of irradiated exoplanets
Creators: name: Molaverdikhani, Karan
name: Henning, Thomas
name: Mollière, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations suggest an abundance of water and paucity of methane in the majority of observed exoplanetary atmospheres. We isolate the effect of atmospheric processes to investigate possible causes. Previously, we studied the effect of effective temperature, surface gravity, metallicity, carbon-to-oxygen ratio, and stellar type assuming cloud-free thermochemical equilibrium and disequilibrium chemistry. However, under these assumptions, methane remains a persisting spectral feature in the transmission spectra of exoplanets over a certain parameter space, the Methane Valley. In this work we investigate the role of clouds on this domain and we find that clouds change the spectral appearance of methane in two direct ways: 1) by heating-up the photosphere of colder planets, and 2) by obscuring molecular features. The presence of clouds also affects methane features indirectly: 1) cloud heating results in more evaporation of condensates and hence releases additional oxygen, causing water dominated spectra of colder carbon-poor exoplanets, and 2) HCN/CO production results in a suppression of depleted methane features by these molecules. The presence of HCN/CO and a lack of methane could be an indication of cloud formation on hot exoplanets. Cloud heating can also deplete ammonia. Therefore, a simultaneous depletion of methane and ammonia is not unique to photochemical processes. We propose that the best targets for methane detection are likely to be massive but smaller planets with a temperature around 1450 K orbiting colder stars. We also construct Spitzer synthetic color-maps and find that clouds can explain some of the high contrast observations by IRAC's channel 1 and 2.
description: 24 pages, 19 figures, accepted in ApJ (relevant papers: arXiv:1809.09629 and arXiv:1908.09847)
The cost of approximate controllability of heat equation with dynamical boundary conditions
Creators: name: Boutaayamou, I.
name: Chorfi, S. E.
name: Maniar, L.
name: Oukdach, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the heat equation with dynamic bounary conditions involving gradient terms in a bounded domain. In this paper we study the cost of approximate controllability for this equation. Combining new developed Carleman estimates and some optimization techniques, we obtain explicit bounds of the minimal norm control. We consider the linear and the semilinear cases.
Uncertainty relations in terms of the Gini index for finite quantum systems
Creators: name: Vourdas, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lorenz values and the Gini index are popular quantities in Mathematical Economics, and are used here in the context of quantum systems with finite-dimensional Hilbert space. They quantify the uncertainty in the probability distribution related to an orthonormal basis. It is shown that Lorenz values are superadditive functions and the Gini indices are subadditive functions. The supremum over all density matrices of the sum of the two Gini indices with respect to position and momentum states, is used to define an uncertainty coefficient which quantifies the uncertainty in the quantum system. It is shown that the uncertainty coefficient is positive, and an upper bound for it is given. Various examples demonstrate these ideas.
Class Transitions and Two Component Accretion Flow in GRS 1915+105
Creators: name: Chakrabarti, Sandip K.
name: Nandi, Anuj
name: Chatterjee, A. K.
name: Choudhury, A. K.
name: Chatterjee, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The light curve of the galactic micro-quasar GRS 1915+105 changes in at least thirteen different ways which are called classes. We present examples of the transitions from one class to another as observed by the IXAE instrument aboard the Indian Satellite IRS-P3. We find that the transitions are associated with changes in photon counts over a time-scale of only a few hours and they take place through unknown classes. Assuming that the transitions are caused by variation of the accretion rates, this implies that a significant fraction of the matter must be nearly freely falling in order to have such dramatic changes in such a short time.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, Astronomy and Astrophys. (in press)
A system to test 2D optoelectronic devices in high vacuum
Creators: name: Zhao, Qinghua
name: Carrascoso, Felix
name: Gant, Patricia
name: Wang, Tao
name: Frisenda, Riccardo
name: Castellanos-Gomez, Andres
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exploration of electronic and optoelectronic properties of two-dimensional (2D) materials has become one of the most attractive line of research since the isolation of graphene. Such 'all-surface materials' present a strong sensitivity to environmental conditions and thus characterization of the devices based on these materials usually requires measurement systems operating in high-vacuum. However, conventional optoelectronic probe-station testing systems are are not compatible with high vacuum operation and vacuum-compatible versions are rather expensive. Here, we present a high-vacuum system specifically designed to test electronic and optoelectronic devices based on 2D materials. This system can be implemented with low budget and it is mostly based on the assembly of commercially available standard vacuum and optic components. Despite the simplicity of this system we demonstrate full capabilities to characterize optoelectronic devices in a broad range of wavelengths with fast pumping/venting speed and possibility of modulating the device temperature (room temperature to ~150deg).
description: Tables including all the part-numbers to replicate the setup are provided
59Co Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance Studies of Superconducting and Non-superconducting Bilayer Water Intercalated Sodium Cobalt Oxides NaxCoO2.yH2O
Creators: name: Michioka, C.
name: Ohta, H.
name: Itoh, Y.
name: Yoshimura, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report 59Co nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) studies of bilayer water intercalated sodium cobalt oxides NaxCoO2.yH2O (BLH) with the superconducting transition temperatures, 2 K < T_c <= 4.6 K, as well as a magnetic BLH sample without superconductivity. We obtained a magnetic phase diagram of T_c and the magnetic ordering temperature T_M against the peak frequency nu_3 59Co NQR transition I_z = +- 5/2 <=> +-7/2 and found a dome shape superconducting phase. The 59Co NQR spectrum of the non-superconducting BLH shows a broadening below T_M without the critical divergence of 1/T_1 and 1/T_2, suggesting an unconventional magnetic ordering. The degree of the enhancement of 1/T_1T at low temperatures increases with the increase of nu_3 though the optimal nu_3~12.30 MHz. In the NaxCoO2.yH2O system, the optimal-T_c superconductivity emerges close to the magnetic instability. T_c is suppressed near the phase boundary at nu_3~12.50 MHz, which is not a conventional magnetic quantum critical point.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
SPI/INTEGRAL observation of the Galactic central radian: contribution of discrete sources and implication for the diffuse emission
Creators: name: Bouchet, L.
name: Roques, J. P.
name: Mandrou, P.
name: Strong, A.
name: Diehl, R.
name: Lebrun, F.
name: Terrier, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The INTEGRAL observatory has been performing a deep survey of the Galactic central radian since 2003, with the goal of both extracting a catalog of sources and gaining insight into the Galactic diffuse emission. This paper concentrates on the estimation of the total point sources emission contribution. It is now clear that unresolved point sources contribute to the observed diffuse emission; the increasing sensitivity of instruments with time has lead to a steady decrease in estimates of this ``diffuse emission''. We have analysed the first year data obtained with the spectrometer and imager SPI on board INTEGRAL. First, a catalog of 63 hard X-ray sources detected, time-averaged, during our 2003 Galactic plane survey, is derived. Second, after extracting the spectra of the sources detected by SPI, their combined contribution is compared to the total (resolved and unresolved) emission from the Galactic ridge. The data analysis is complex: it requires us to split the total emission into several components, as discrete sources and diffuse emission are superimposed in SPI data. The main result is that point source emission dominates in the hard X-ray/soft $γ$-ray domain, and contributes around 90 % of the total emission around 100 keV, while above 250 keV, diffuse electron-positron annihilation, through its three-photon positronium continuum with a positronium fraction $\sim$ 0.97 and the 511 keV electron-positron line, dominates over the sources.
description: accepted for publication in ApJ
CONTRACOLONIALIDADE E O PROGRAMA ETNOMATEMÁTICA: JUSTIÇA SOCIAL E EMANCIPAÇÃO PARA TODOS(AS)!
Creators: name: Hélio Rodrigues dos Santos
name: Jair Reck
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: O conceito de uma formação para o mundo do trabalho intensificou-se no Brasil, sobretudo a partir da decada de 1950. O curriculo foi modificado e o ensino de Matemática tendenciou a um processo de macanização, memorização e repetição. Nas décadas subsequentes, no ano de 1970, Ubirtatan D’Ambrosio traz a tônica a preocupação com a formaçao sociocultural, identitária e humanística apresentando uma preocupação com o processo de formação social das pessoas, uma vez que, lutar pela cidadania, pelo direito, pela educação de qualidade e pela democratização é um dever de todos(as) os(as) sujeitos culturais. Consoante a essas preocupações, no ano de 2015, toma forma o pensamento de Nego Bispo dos Santos, defendendo uma sociedade biointerativa, comprometida com as situações climáticas e ambientais, territoriais, cooperativa, sustentável e contracolonial. De natureza teórica Histórico-Crítico com delineamento qualitativo do tipo exploratório, este ensaio tem como método a pesquisa e análise bibliográfica. A confluência de pensamento evidenciou que a Etnomatemática dialoga com a Contracolonialidade, a medida que defendem um modo de vida sustentável e crítico, desafiam o paradigma de dominação colonial e neocolonial ocidental; defendem a construção do conhecimento desde a vivência sócio-histórica das comundiades com seus saberes e fazeres advindos desde a ancestralidade.
Impact of PAH photodissociation on the formation of small hydrocarbons in the Orion Bar and the Horsehead PDRs
Creators: name: Murga, M. S.
name: Kirsanova, M. S.
name: Vasyunin, A. I.
name: Pavlyuchenkov, Ya. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study whether polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) can be a weighty source of small hydrocarbons in photo-dissociation regions (PDRs). We modeled the evolution of 20 specific PAH molecules in terms of dehydrogenation and destruction of the carbon skeleton under the physical conditions of two well-studied PDRs, the Orion Bar and the Horsehead nebula which represent prototypical examples of PDRs irradiated by "high" and "low" ultraviolet radiation field. PAHs are described as microcanonical systems. The acetylene molecule is considered as the main carbonaceous fragment of the PAH dissociation as it follows from laboratory experiments and theory. We estimated the rates of acetylene production in gas phase chemical reactions and compared them with the rates of the acetylene production through the PAH dissociation. It is found that the latter rates can be higher than the former rates in the Orion Bar at $A_{\rm V}<1$ and also at $A_{\rm V}>3.5$. In the Horsehead nebula, the chemical reactions provide more acetylene than the PAH dissociation. The produced acetylene participate in the reactions of the formation of small hydrocarbons (C$_2$H, C$_3$H, C$_3$H$^{+}$, C$_3$H$_2$, C$_4$H). Acetylene production via the PAH destruction may increase the abundances of small hydrocarbons produced in gas phase chemical reactions in the Orion Bar only at $A_{\rm V}>3.5$. In the Horsehead nebula, the contribution of PAHs to the abundances of the small hydrocarbons is negligible. We conclude that the PAHs are not a major source of small hydrocarbons in both PDRs except some locations in the Orion Bar.
description: Accepted to MNRAS. 13 pages, 10 figures
Conformal mapping in linear time
Creators: name: Bishop, Christopher J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Primary 30C35, Secondary: 30C85, 30C62

description: Given any $ε>0$ and any planar region $Ω$ bounded by a simple n-gon $P$ we construct a ($1 + ε)$-quasiconformal map between $Ω$ and the unit disk in time $C(ε)n$. One can take $ C(ε) = C + C \log (1/ε) \log \log (1/ε)$.
description: 126 pages, 57 figures
Potential on Using Cultural Syndromes for Explaining Differences in Attitudes in Northern and Southern EU Countries
Creators: name: Tsioumanis, Asterios
name: Mattas, Konstadinos
name: Papastefanou, G.
name: Springer, A.
name: Tsioumanis, Asterios
name: Mattas, Konstadinos
name: Papastefanou, G.
name: Springer, A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: attitudes towards genetically modified food
subject: attitude formation
subject: cultural differentiation
subject: cultural syndromes

description: Nowadays, it is more realistic to view the development of a new technology as a result of a complex social system of interactions and decisions. Understanding the public's range of views on biotechnology is important for decision makers, in order to be able to anticipate potential acceptance problems or, one step further, to take consumer or public desires and concerns into account so that desirable applications can be developed. Previous work from the same research group, using data from Eurobarometer surveys, was trying to explore the attitudes of the European consumers towards genetic modification of food. Emerging differences in attitudes towards genetically modified food have not been explained adequately in most cases using only sociodemographic variables. In addition strong national differences lead to the idea that cultural differences should also be taken into account, despite the difficulties in formulating specific hypotheses that can be tested empirically. In this paper, in an effort to approach culture in a more clear way, we try to track down and analyse the specific units (customs, traditions, beliefs, and other social norms) that comprise cultures. The notion of cultural syndromes as approached by Triandis is tackled. Furthermore applying data from the European Social Survey (ESS) to Schwartz's value system, our objective is to validate empirically the potential utilisation of Schwartz values to further explain existing differences in attitudes towards GM food among European countries. Further research can lead to a deeper and more precise understanding of cultural differentiation as well as to a more valid cross-cultural theory of attitude formation.
Canonically Transformed Detectors Applied to the Classical Inverse Scattering Problem
Creators: name: Jung, C
name: Seligman, T H
name: Torres, J M
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The concept of measurement in classical scattering is interpreted as an overlap of a particle packet with some area in phase space that describes the detector. Considering that usually we record the passage of particles at some point in space, a common detector is described e.g. for one-dimensional systems as a narrow strip in phase space. We generalize this concept allowing this strip to be transformed by some, possibly non-linear, canonical transformation, introducing thus a canonically transformed detector. We show such detectors to be useful in the context of the inverse scattering problem in situations where recently discovered scattering echoes could not be seen without their help. More relevant applications in quantum systems are suggested.
description: 8 pages, 15 figures. Better figures can be found in the original article, wich can be found in http://www.sm.luth.se/~norbert/home_journal/electronic/v12s1.html Related movies can be found in www.cicc.unam.mx/~mau/
Double single-channel Kondo coupling in graphene with Fe molecules
Creators: name: Vicent, Ignacio M.
name: Chirolli, Luca
name: Guinea, Francisco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the interaction between graphene and a single-molecule-magnet, [Fe4(L)2(dpm)6]. Focusing on the closest Iron ion in a hollow position with respect to the graphene sheet, we derive a channel selective tunneling Hamiltonian, that couples different d orbitals of the Iron atom to precise independent combinations of sublattice and valley degrees of freedom of the electrons in graphene. When looking at the spin-spin interaction between the molecule and the graphene electrons, close to the Dirac point the channel selectivity results in a channel decoupling of the Kondo interaction, with two almost independent Kondo systems weakly interacting among themselves. The formation of magnetic moments and the development of a full Kondo effect depends on the charge state of the graphene layer.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
Modelling and interpreting optical spectra of galaxies at R=10000
Creators: name: Lancon, Ariane
name: Ocvirk, Pierre
name: Borgne, Damien Le
name: Pichon, Christophe
name: Prugniel, Philippe
name: Fioc, Michel
name: Rocca-Volmerange, Brigitte
name: Soubiran, Caroline
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One way to extract more information from the integrated light of galaxies is to improve the spectral resolution at which observations and analysis are carried out. The population synthesis code currently providing the highest spectral resolution is Pegase-HR, which was made available by D. Le Borgne et al. in 2004. Based on an empirical stellar library, it provides synthetic spectra between 4000 and 6800 A at lambda/d(lambda)=10000 for any star formation history, with or without chemical evolution. Such a resolution is particularly useful for the study of low mass galaxies, massive star clusters, or other galaxy regions with low internal velocity dispersions. After a summary of the main features of Pegase-HR and comparisons with other population synthesis codes, this paper focuses on the inversion of optical galaxy spectra. We explore the limits of what information can or can not be recovered, based on theoretical principles and extensive simulations. First applications to extragalactic objects are shown.
description: Inv. talk in "The Spectral Energy Distribution of Gas-Rich Galaxies: Confronting Models with Data", Heidelberg, 4-8 Oct. 2004, eds. C.C. Popescu and R.J. Tuffs, AIP Conf. Ser., in press
Cluster Formation and The Virial Equation of State of Low-Density Nuclear Matter
Creators: name: Horowitz, C. J.
name: Schwenk, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the virial equation of state of low-density nuclear matter composed of neutrons, protons and alpha particles. The virial equation of state is model-independent, and therefore sets a benchmark for all nuclear equations of state at low densities. We calculate the second virial coefficients for nucleon-nucleon, nucleon-alpha and alpha-alpha interactions directly from the relevant binding energies and scattering phase shifts. The virial approach systematically takes into account contributions from bound nuclei and the resonant continuum, and consequently provides a framework to include strong-interaction corrections to nuclear statistical equilibrium models. The virial coefficients are used to make model-independent predictions for a variety of properties of nuclear matter over a range of densities, temperatures and compositions. Our results provide constraints on the physics of the neutrinosphere in supernovae. The resulting alpha particle concentration differs from all equations of state currently used in supernova simulations. Finally, the virial equation of state greatly improves our conceptual understanding of low-density nuclear matter.
description: 15 pages, 17 figures, minor revisions, to appear in Nucl. Phys. A
Estimating the Costs and the Disease Burden Associated With Campylobacter Infections and Sequelae in the Netherlands
Creators: name: Mangen, Marie-Josee J.
name: Havelaar, Arie H.
name: De Wit, G. Ardine
name: Bernsen, Rob A.J.A.M.
name: Van Koningsveld, Rinske
name: Mangen, Marie-Josee J.
name: Havelaar, Arie H.
name: De Wit, G. Ardine
name: Bernsen, Rob A.J.A.M.
name: Van Koningsveld, Rinske
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Campylobacter
subject: sequelae
subject: cost-of-illness
subject: disease burden
subject: Netherlands

description: Campylobacter infections pose an important public health problem in the Netherlands. Approximately 79,000 persons per year are estimated to experience symptoms of acute gastroenteritis. Further annually some 1400 ReA cases, 60 GBS cases and 11 IBD cases are associated with a previous Campylobacter infection. Using a stochastic simulation model the disease burden and the cost-of-illness of Campylobacter infections and its sequelae were estimated. Estimates of the Campylobacter-associated disease burden and costs-of-illness were 1185 DALYs (90% C.I. 693 - 1845 DALYs) per year and some 21 million E (90% C.I. 10 - 38 million E) per year respectively.
A physical model for radiative, convective dusty disk in AGN
Creators: name: Dorodnitsyn, Anton
name: Kallman, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An accretion disk in an Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN) harbors and shields dust from external illumination: at the mid-plane of the disk around a $M_{\rm BH}=10^{7}M_{\odot}$ black hole, dust can exist at $0.1$pc from the black hole, compared to 0.5pc outside of the disk. We construct a physical model of a disk region approximately located between the radius of dust sublimation at the disk mid-plane and the radius at which dust sublimes at the disk surface. Our main conclusion is that for a wide range of model parameters such as local accretion rate and/or opacity, the accretion disk's own radiation pressure on dust significantly influences its vertical structure. In addition to being highly convective, such a disk can transform from geometrically thin to slim. Our model fits into the narrative of a "failed wind" scenario of Czerny & Hryniewicz (2011) and the "compact torus" model of Baskin & Laor (2018), incorporating them as variations of the radiative dusty disk model.
description: 43 pages, 5 figures, submitted to ApJ
Consumer Perceptions and Attitudes Towards Food Safety in Portugal
Creators: name: Ventura-Lucas, Maria Raquel
name: Ventura-Lucas, Maria Raquel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: food safety
subject: consumer behaviour
subject: perceptions
subject: attitudes
subject: Portugal

description: The recent food crises and its great diffusion through the media had as consequence a reduction of the European consumer's confidence, in general, and of the Portuguese ones in particular, in the products that they buy and consume. These events also served to disclose some of the existing problems in the current marketing chain, in which many sectors result to have low, or no transparency or unknown ones to the consumers. For moreover, these crises had demonstrated that science and technology, in set with the governmental regulation do not offer guarantees that the risks associated with food have acceptable levels. All these questions triggered the interest of researchers to study the impact of food safety related issues on consumer behaviour. The objective of this paper is to increase knowledge on Portuguese consumer perceptions and attitudes towards food safety. Specially, consumers' level of concern about food crises, their view on the safety of several products throughout the supply chain and the assessment of different practices that may reduce food poisoning risks are here analysed. Likewise, the role of labels and the different information channels on purchasing habits are studied. Internet interviews have been used as the main source of information and have been conducted throughout Portugal and addressed to a sample of 1497 persons, representing the different geographic areas and age groups. The results indicate that, with exception of the residence place, the other socio-economic variables play an ever-decreasing role when explaining the consumer behaviour. The factors measuring lifestyle, especially those related to safety, and mainly, consumption experience, seem to be the main aspects explaining Portuguese consumers' perception on food safety. For moreover, one evidences of the reading of labels, the date of caducity is the information more consulted by the consumers, leaving of part other important food safety information and relation diet versus health, such as the instructions of storage and cooking, the nutritional value and the ingredients. In order to restore the confidence lost, an effort of diffusion of clear and truthful information is necessary, for beyond the necessity of an efficient coordination throughout all the marketing chain in order to offer food safety products.
The General Warped Solution with Conical Branes in Six-dimensional Supergravity
Creators: name: Lee, Hyun Min
name: Ludeling, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the general regular warped solution with 4D Minkowski spacetime in six-dimensional gauged supergravity. In this framework, we can easily embed multiple conical branes into the warped geometry by choosing an undetermined holomorphic function. As an example, for the holomorphic function with many zeroes, we find warped solutions with multi-branes and discuss the generalized flux quantization in this case.
description: 1+19 pages, no figure, JHEP style, version to appear in JHEP
Fish Chain Performance in Madrid Market: An Empirical Analysis
Creators: name: De Felipe, Isabel
name: Briz, Julian
name: De Felipe, Isabel
name: Briz, Julian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Fish
subject: food chain
subject: performance
subject: competition

description: Food chain analysis is becoming a useful instrument to increase efficiency. We focus the attention in the fish sector looking at the links from consumer to wholesalers in the region of Madrid. In order to get adequate information we developed face to face enquiries to the consumers, retailers and wholesalers. The analysis of the Madrid market give us a useful approach of the national and international sector, due to the fact that Mercamadrid is the biggest fish wholesale market in Europe, and the consumption in Madrid is representative in many ways of the Spanish market. Finally there are some conclusions and recommendations oriented toward the stakeholders.
Are Italians Willing to Pay for Agricultural Environmental Safety? A Stated Choice Approach
Creators: name: Travisi, Chiara M.
name: Nijkamp, Peter
name: Travisi, Chiara M.
name: Nijkamp, Peter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: pesticide risks
subject: food safety
subject: willingness-to-pay
subject: choice modeling
subject: contingent valuation

description: The widespread use of pesticides in agriculture provides a particularly complex pattern of multidimensional negative side-effects, ranging from food safety related effects to the deterioration of farmland ecosystems. The assessment of the economic implications of such negative processes is fraught with many uncertainties. This paper presents results of an empirical study recently conducted in the North of Italy aimed at estimating the value of reducing the multiple impacts of pesticide use. This type of analysis is rather novel in Italy. A statistical technique known as choice modelling is used here in combination with contingent valuation techniques. The experimental design of choice modelling provides a natural tool for tackling simultaneously the economic dimensions of several negative environmental effects associated with agrochemicals use. In particular, the paper addresses the reduction of farmland biodiversity, groundwater contamination and human intoxication. The resulting estimates show that, on average, Italians consumers are prone to accept substantial price mark-ups for agricultural goods (in particular, foodstuff) produced in environmentally benign ways.
Renormalizing Curvature Integrals on Poincare-Einstein Manifolds
Creators: name: Albin, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53B20

description: After analyzing renormalization schemes on a Poincaré-Einstein manifold, we study the renormalized integrals of scalar Riemannian invariants. The behavior of the renormalized volume is well-known, and we show any scalar Riemannian invariant renormalizes similarly. We consider characteristic forms and their behavior under a variation of the Poincaré-Einstein structure, and obtain, from the renormalized integral of the Pfaffian, an extension of the Gauss-Bonnet theorem.
Signatures of Accretion Shocks in Broadband Spectrum of Advective Flows Around Black Holes
Creators: name: Mandal, Samir
name: Chakrabarti, Sandip K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the effects of the centrifugal pressure supported shock waves on the emitted spectrum from an accretion disk primarily consisting of low angular momentum matter. Electrons are very efficiently accelerated by the accretion shock and acquire power-law distribution. The accelerated particles in turn emit synchrotron radiation in presence of a stochastic magnetic field in equipartition with the gas. Efficient cooling of the electrons by these soft photons reduces its temperature in comparison to the protons. We explore the nature of the broadband spectra by using Comptonization, bremsstrahlung and synchrotron emission. We then show that there could be two crossing points in a broadband spectrum, one near $\sim 10 keV$ and the other $\sim 300-400$KeV.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures, Int. J. Mod. Phys. (in press)
Exploring the Impacts of Risk Communication Policies on Welfare: Theoretical Aspects
Creators: name: Stefani, Gianluca
name: Valli, Carlotta
name: Stefani, Gianluca
name: Valli, Carlotta
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty
Risk and Uncertainty

description: The aim of this paper is to explore possible measures to assess welfare changes resulting from alternative risk communication policies drawing on previous work on welfare losses due to incorrect risk perceptions. A review of the literature analysing models of risk information processing point out the role of Bayesian updating processes in modelling changing risk perceptions. On the other hand welfare analysis of the consequences of action undertaken under ignorance suggest possible measures of the benefits of improved risk communication. An illustrative example of welfare losses due to poor information is provided using the classical data set on milk contamination in Ohau (Hawaii). Welfare measures are obtained comparing the real observed behaviour with an hypothetical risk perception pattern induced by a more effective risk communication policy.
Food Scares and Demand Recovery Patterns: An Econometric Investigation
Creators: name: Mazzocchi, Mario
name: Mazzocchi, Mario
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: demand analysis
subject: food scare
subject: BSE
subject: Almost Ideal Demand System
subject: Kalman filter

description: This paper aims to propose a flexible stochastic approach to measure the time pattern of a food scare, which does not require the inclusion of additional explanatory variables such as a media coverage indices and easily accommodates the reoccurrence of the same or different scares. We show the results of an application to Italian demand for beef and chicken, which has been affected by the BSE and dioxin scares over the last decade.
Representations of spectral coordinates in FITS
Creators: name: Greisen, E. W.
name: Calabretta, M. R.
name: Valdes, F. G.
name: Allen, S. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Greisen & Calabretta describe a generalized method for specifying the coordinates of FITS data samples. Following that general method, Calabretta & Greisen describe detailed conventions for defining celestial coordinates as they are projected onto a two-dimensional plane. The present paper extends the discussion to the spectral coordinates of wavelength, frequency, and velocity. World coordinate functions are defined for spectral axes sampled linearly in wavelength, frequency, or velocity, linearly in the logarithm of wavelength or frequency, as projected by ideal dispersing elements, and as specified by a lookup table.
description: 25 pages, 5 figures
The Quality of Audits - A Comparative Study of Auditing and Certification Schemes in the Food Sector
Creators: name: Jahn, Gabriele
name: Schramm, Matthias
name: Spiller, Achim
name: Jahn, Gabriele
name: Schramm, Matthias
name: Spiller, Achim
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Audit quality
subject: New Institutional Economics
subject: Certification schemes
subject: Organic Certification

description: In spite of the increasing number of certification schemes in the food sector, there is only few research about the economics of certification. Given the rapid growth and the lack of experience the actors have to cope with different forms of opportunistic behaviour. The following paper describes the basic structure and information economics reasons why certification schemes are created. Subsequently, an institutionalistic model is presented which includes several starting points to increase quality of certification systems mainly based on analogies in financial auditing.