cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Surface modifications and growth of titanium dioxide for photo-electrochemical water splitting
Creators: name: Alexander, John Callum
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: This study investigates photo-anodes based on titanium dioxide (TiO2) that can be used to produce hydrogen by the photo-electrochemical decomposition of water. TiO2 is a wide band gap semiconductor that absorbs only the UV region of the solar spectrum. Sensitization of TiO2 to visible light by the addition of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) was studied. AuNPs sustain localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) that results in the absorption of light at the resonant energy. The evidence for water splitting by Au-TiO2 systems is discussed critically. Fabrication of arrays of AuNPs was done by; annealing sputtered gold thin films, micellar nanolithography, and nano-sphere lithography. The optical characteristics and photo-electrochemical ‘water splitting’ performance of AuNP coated rutile (110) electrodes were determined. Nb-doped crystals coated in AuNPs of ca. 20 nm exhibited a small photocurrent that was not present with the bare rutile electrode. Reduced un-doped rutile (110) with AuNPs did not exhibit the ‘plasmonic photocurrent’. Some Nb-doped electrodes did not exhibit an effect. Batches of Nb-doped and reduced rutile were examined using voltammetry and impedance spectroscopy and it was found that the ‘inactive’ Nb-doped TiO2 was partially reduced. Thin films of TiO2 were fabricated by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) onto amorphous and single crystal substrates. The effect of growth conditions on the phase and orientation of the film were studied, and procedures to grow anatase films oriented with (100), (001), and (101) were developed. The temperature and heating regime of TiO2 films fused silica affected the orientation of film growing. Nb doping of the films also affected the temperature of the anatase-rutile phase transition and the orientation of the films, acting to stabilize anatase at higher temperatures. Surprisingly, highly doped films were found to be non-conductive. The importance of the oxygen partial pressure in producing conductive films for use as electrodes is discussed.
Omega_B and Omega_0 From MACHOs and Local Group Dynamics
Creators: name: Steigman, G.
name: Tkachev, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain restrictions on the universal baryon fraction, f_B = Omega_B/Omega_0, by assuming that the observed microlensing events towards the Large Magellanic Cloud are due to baryonic MACHOs in the halo of the Galaxy and by extracting a bound to the total mass of the Milky Way from the motion of tracer galaxies in the Local Group. We find a lower bound f_B > 0.29^{+0.18}_{-0.15}. Consistency with the predictions of primordial nucleosynthesis leads to the further constraint on the total mass density, Omega_0 < 0.2.
description: Replaced with the version accepted for publication in ApJ
A Deep Neural Network Surrogate for High-Dimensional Random Partial Differential Equations
Creators: name: Nabian, Mohammad Amin
name: Meidani, Hadi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Developing efficient numerical algorithms for the solution of high dimensional random Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) has been a challenging task due to the well-known curse of dimensionality. We present a new solution framework for these problems based on a deep learning approach. Specifically, the random PDE is approximated by a feed-forward fully-connected deep residual network, with either strong or weak enforcement of initial and boundary constraints. The framework is mesh-free, and can handle irregular computational domains. Parameters of the approximating deep neural network are determined iteratively using variants of the Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) algorithm. The satisfactory accuracy of the proposed frameworks is numerically demonstrated on diffusion and heat conduction problems, in comparison with the converged Monte Carlo-based finite element results.
Additional file 2 of Prognostic impact of immune-related adverse events on patients with and without cardiovascular disease: a retrospective review
Creators: name: Kazama, Shingo
name: Morimoto, Ryota
name: Kimura, Yuki
name: Shibata, Naoki
name: Ozaki, Reina
name: Araki, Takashi
name: Mizutani, Takashi
name: Oishi, Hideo
name: Arao, Yoshihito
name: Kuwayama, Tasuku
name: Hiraiwa, Hiroaki
name: Kondo, Toru
name: Furusawa, Kenji
name: Shimokata, Tomoya
name: Okumura, Takahiro
name: Bando, Yasuko K.
name: Ando, Yuichi
name: Murohara, Toyoaki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Supplemental Table S1. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis for all cause mortality, excluding patients who died within 3 months, multivariate model
Properties of the Z(3) Interface in (2+1)-D SU(3) Gauge Theory
Creators: name: West, S. T.
name: Wheater, J. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A study is made of some properties of this interface in the SU(3) pure gauge theory in 2+1 dimensions. At high temperatures, the interface tension is measured and shows agreement with the perturbative prediction. Near the critical temperature, the behaviour of the interface is examined, and its fluctuations compared to a scalar field theory model.
description: 4 pages with 4 figures as one uuencoded, gzipped postscript file; presented at Lattice '95
Constrained Quantization of Charged Strings in Background B Field and g-Factors
Creators: name: Kokado, Akira
name: Konisi, Gaku
name: Saito, Takesi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Dirac quantization is performed for the constrained system of the open string with different charges located at both ends in the constant background B field. Noncommutativity reveals to commutators [X, X], [P, P] and also [X,P] at both ends of the string. We consider a dependence on the change of the "cyclotron frequency" of the charged string. The g-factor of the charged string is also calculated in the framework of our formulation.
description: 21 pages, no figures, LaTeX
Spin-four N=7 W-Supergravity: S-fold and Double Copy Construction
Creators: name: Ferrara, Sergio
name: Lust, Dieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present investigation we consider the possibility of having new massive, higher spin W-supergravity theories, which do not exist as four-dimensional perturbative models. These theories are based on a double copy construction of two supersymmetric field theories, where at least one factor is given by a N=3 field theory, which is a non-perturbative S-fold of N=4 super Yang-Mills theory. In this way, we can obtain as S-folds a new N=7 (corresponding to 28 supercharges) W-supergravity and its N=7 W-superstring counterpart, which both do not exist as four-dimensional perturbative models with an (effective) Langrangian description. The resulting field resp. string theory does not contain any massless states, but instead a massive higher spin-four supermultiplet of the N=7 supersymmetry algebra. Furthermore we also construct a four-dimensional heterotic S-fold with N=3 supersymmetry. It again does not exist as perturbative heterotic string model and can be considered as the heterotic counterpart of the N=3 superconformal field theories, which were previously constructed in the context of type I orientfold models.
description: 33 pages, replaced version contains additional references
High density QCD with static quarks
Creators: name: Blum, Thomas C.
name: Hetrick, James E.
name: Toussaint, Doug
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study lattice QCD in the limit that the quark mass and chemical potential are simultaneously made large, resulting in a controllable density of quarks which do not move. This is similar in spirit to the quenched approximation for zero density QCD. In this approximation we find that the deconfinement transition seen at zero density becomes a smooth crossover at any nonzero density, and that at low enough temperature chiral symmetry remains broken at all densities.
description: LaTeX, 18 pages, uses epsf.sty, postscript figures included
Solution-Processed Lead Zirconate Titanate as an Interfacial Modifier in Hybrid Oxide/Polymer Solar Cells
Creators: name: Hewlett, Robert
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: Due to its excellent optoelectronic properties and ease of processing. ZnO has been considered a promising acceptor material in oxide:polymer hybrid photovoltaics (hPVs); however, devices have consistently underperformed for a number of reasons including poor charge generation and high recombination rates. The characteristics of the oxide:polymer interface have been cited as crucial in determining device performance: to this end, modification of the interface with both molecular and inorganic species has been shown to yield significant improvement. In this study, growth of the perovskite ferroelectric material lead zirconate titanate (PZT) is carried out on ZnO using sol-gel deposition. Subsequently, the PZT layers are used to modify the donor–acceptor interface in ZnO:poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) hPV devices: this study is carried out in order to lay the foundations for future investigations into the effect of ferroelectric properties on organic-based photovoltaics using inorganic ferroelectric materials. PZT was confirmed to crystallise on ZnO in the tetragonal phase and microstructural characterisation by atomic force microscopy revealed that the ZnO–PZT films consist of small, tightly packed PZT grains, indicating that the ZnO substrates provide a high seeding density for PZT. The ZnO–PZT interface was studied to determine the way by which growth proceeds in these films: whilst it was found that intermixing between the constituent elements of the two materials does not occur, transmission electron microscopy of the interface revealed the presence of a secondary phase thought to be orthorhombic PbO — it is hypothesised that this phase plays a role in the crystallisation of PZT. Growth and characterisation of low thickness PZT (< 15 nm) was conducted, confirming the crystallisation of tetragonal PZT for a film thickness of ~ 11 nm. Finally, the modification of bilayer ZnO:P3HT hPV devices with PZT was shown to have a positive effect on device performance: using transient absorption spectroscopy, the presence of the PZT layer was seen to increase the hole polaron lifetime from 15 μs to 2 ms, indicating a suppression of charge recombination. The open-circuit voltage (Voc) of the hPV devices was observed to increase from 0.162 to 0.734 V; moreover, prolonged illumination of up to 30 minutes led to further increases in Voc, reaching a maximum of 0.947 V — this was attributed to the progressive filling of electron traps with photoexcited charges, leading to a reduction in trap-assisted charge recombination.
Iodine mediated synthesis of diaryl diselenides using SeO2 as a selenium source
Creators: name: Kommula, Dileep
name: Li, Qing
name: Ning, Siyang
name: Liu, Wujun
name: Wang, Qian
name: Zhao, Zongbao K.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: A simple, eco-friendly and convenient procedure has been developed for the synthesis of diphenyl diselinides from readily available aryl boronic acids by reaction with SeO2 in the presence of iodine under simple conditions. The methodology is reported about 19 examples and applicable to a broad scope of aryl boronic acids containing electron-rich and electron-poor substituents. Apart from being milder and environmentally benign conditions, this synthetic protocol comprises a novel, reliable methodology to give good to high yields of the desired diaryl diselenides.
title: ADCO, Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 1159
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: cartulaire
subject: LaMOP

description: Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 1159, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 1159, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye Saint-Étienne de Dijon
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15945019
MOESM3 of Genomic and phenotypic characterization of a refactored xylose-utilizing Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain for lignocellulosic biofuel production
Creators: name: Hoang, Phuong Tran Nguyen
name: Ko, Ja
name: Gyeongtaek Gong
name: Youngsoon Um
name: Lee, Sun-Mi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 3: Table S3. Expression levels of known target genes dependent on Msn2/4p.
Der Einfluss von Recyclingmaterial auf die Eigenschaften von Beton
Creators: name: Reiners, Jochen
name: Höffgen, Jan P.
name: Denu, Maureen
name: Müller, Christoph
name: Dehn, Frank
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ressourcen
Kreislaufwirtschaft
rezyklierte Gesteinskörnung
Ökobilanz
Beton
resources
circular economy
recycled aggregate
life cycle assessment
concrete

description: In den vergangenen Jahren hat die zunehmende Knappheit von Ressourcen, insbesondere im Bereich der Gesteinskörnung im Bauwesen, sowie die Anerkennung der Notwendigkeit von Kreislaufwirtschaft im Betonbau dazu geführt, dass der Fokus verstärkt auf der Nutzung von Recyclingmaterialien liegt. Vor allem rezyklierte Gesteinskörnungen werden vermehrt eingesetzt. Da diese jedoch Auswirkungen auf die Frisch- und Festbetoneigenschaften haben können, ist es wichtig, ihren Einfluss zu untersuchen. Dieser Artikel befasst sich daher mit der Herstellung, dem mechanischen Verhalten, den Dauerhaftigkeitseigenschaften sowie dem Brandverhalten von Betonen, die rezyklierte Gesteinskörnung enthalten. Zusätzlich werden wissenschaftliche Begleitprogramme wie ein AiF Verbundforschungsprojekt am VDZ/KIT vorgestellt. Da eine positive Ökobilanz das Ziel bei der Verwendung von Recyclingmaterialien ist, wird dieser Aspekt ebenfalls in diesem Beitrag beleuchtet. Weil vor allem der Zement entscheidend für die Ökobilanz von Betonen ist, wird zudem der Ansatz der Verwendung von Recyclingmehlen als Zementhauptbestandteil betrachtet.
The Immersed Body Method and Its Use in Modelling Vertical Axis Turbines
Creators: name: Milthaler, Frank Fritz Michael
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: The focus of this thesis is on the development of a fluid–solid interaction (FSI) model, based on the idea of the immersed boundary method. The novelty of this approach is the combination of a two–fluid approach to represent the solid phase on a fluid finite–element mesh, with the conservative projection of data between two unrelated meshes. While this is an important feature for two–way coupled FSI models, this thesis analyses the outcome of this method based on one–way coupled FSI problems, in which the solid phase has a prescribed velocity. The presented FSI method is validated on several test cases with static solids as well as solids with a prescribed velocity. For complex computational fluid dynamic (CFD) problems, mesh adaptivity methods are used to reduce the computational effort while obtaining the same accuracy compared to fixed meshes. In this work mesh adaptivity is also used to increase the resolution of the fluid mesh near the solid boundary in order to obtain an accurate representation of the solid’s shape on the fluid mesh. However, spurious peaks in the pressure occur due to the projection of fields after adapting the mesh. This causes peaks in the drag force and results in a potential problem by decreasing the accuracy, especially for two–way coupled FSI problems. Since the FSI method was developed with two–way coupled FSI problems in mind, the occurrence of the spurious peaks was analysed and methods are shown to minimise the peaks in the drag force. Finally, the developed FSI method is applied to rotating vertical axis turbines and the results are compared to experimental results. This again shows the difficulties of applying the method and assesses how it can be used for turbine modelling, and furthermore used for analysing optimised turbine layouts.
An integral transform technique for kinetic systems with collisions
Creators: name: Heninger, Jeffrey M.
name: Morrison, Philip J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The linearized Vlasov-Poisson system can be exactly solved using the $G$-transform, an integral transform introduced in Refs. 1-3 that removes the electric field term, leaving a simple advection equation. We investigate how this integral transform interacts with the Fokker-Planck collision operator. The commutator of this collision operator with the $G$-transform (the "shielding term") is shown to be negligible. We exactly solve the advection-diffusion equation without the shielding term. This solution determines when collisions dominate and when advection (i.e. Landau damping) dominates. This integral transform can also be used to simplify gyro-/drift-kinetic equations. We present new gyrofluid equations formed by taking moments of the $G$-transformed equation. Since many gyro-/drift-kinetic codes use Hermite polynomials as basis elements, we include an explicit calculation of their $G$-transform.
Deliverable 2.3: Service financial structure and business risk distribution
Creators: name: FSS
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Deliverable 2.3 is aimed to conduct the analysis and identification of suitable financial structures that will ensure cost-effectiveness of the service offer and minimize, at the same time, the business risk for the involved actors.The main focus of the analysis is on actual and expected costs in the pilot areas, in order to identify suitable financial structures to ensure pre-financing of initial energy efficiency interventions and payback through identified revenue streams. The task workflow is strengthened involving financial experts and stakeholders, as well as experts from NEON related projects, analysing how to attract private capital under the concept of CECs. The report is wrapped up by a set of guidelines for business risk distribution and minimization.
Novel Fabrication Routes to Nickel-based Cermet Electrodes for Solid Oxide Cells
Creators: name: Lomberg, Ma'ayan Marina
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: Solid oxide cells (SOCs) are promising energy conversion devices in which the chemical energy of fuels is converted into electrical energy in an efficient manner. It is generally accepted that electrode microstructure plays an important role in determining the performance and durability of SOCs. The electrode is required to contain large amount of active reaction sites, termed triple phase boundaries (TPBs), to promote the electrochemical reaction. At the same time, effective transport pathways need to be established to and from each TPB. Therefore, the microstructure-performance relationships need to be understood in order to develop highly efficient electrodes. In this study a novel electrode, prepared by infiltration of nickel nano-particles into Gadolinium doped Ceria porous scaffold, is proposed. The research aims to understand the fundamental phenomena underpinning SOC operation for steam electrolysis/H2 oxidation in these electrodes and to establish the relationship between the microstructure of the infiltrated electrode and electrode performance. The electronic conductivity of infiltrated electrodes was tested by the van der Pauw method over the temperature range 20-700 ˚C. Electrochemical behaviour was assessed for fuel cell and electrolysis modes using three electrode AC and DC measurements. The microstructure was studied by SEM and FIB techniques, including 3-D imaging and quantification. Ultimately, this is to allow electrodes to be designed with desired characteristics. In addition, a novel approach for electrode preparation by Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) was evaluated by conducting a proof of concept study. This fabrication technique enables the porosity and pattern of the electrode to be controlled by regulating the parameters of the laser (laser power and laser speed). The feasibility of using this novel technique for solid oxide cells was demonstrated. A method for the fabrication of high performance ‘electrodes by design’ through the combination of the two techniques in which the scaffold preparation by SLS is followed by infiltration is in prospect.
Medusa porpita Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Anthozoa
Actiniaria
Hormathiidae
Medusa
Medusa porpita

description: Medusa porpita [spec. nov.]
M. orbicularis supra plana; subtus convexiuscula sulcata villosa.
Chin. lagerstr. 43. f. 7, 8.
Mus. Tessin. 96. Medusa parva figura porpitae.
Act. angl. 201. p. 2051. Animalcula ex Yvica maris Mediterranei.
Habitat in India.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 659, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Additional file 1: of CCN family member 2/connective tissue growth factor (CCN2/CTGF) is regulated by Wnt–β-catenin signaling in nucleus pulposus cells
Creators: name: Hiyama, Akihiko
name: Morita, Kosuke
name: Sakai, Daisuke
name: Watanabe, Masahiko
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Figure S1. Rat NP cells were cotransfected with the Topflash reporter plasmid and pGL4.74 plasmid treated with 1.0 μM of 6-bromoindirubin-3′-oxime (BIO) for 24 h. (PDF 10 kb)
Enhancing biomethane production and pyrene biodegradation by addition of bio-nano FeS or magnetic carbon during sludge anaerobic digestion
Creators: name: Li, Lian
name: Zhang, Xueying
name: Zhu, Peiru
name: Yong, Xiaoyu
name: Wang, Yajun
name: An, Wei
name: Jia, Honghua
name: Zhou, Jun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Pyrene exerts toxic effects on methanogens during anaerobic digestion of sludge, thus affecting the efficiency of sludge treatment. This study evaluated the facilitated direct interspecific electron transfer (DIET) between bacteria and methanogens when bio-nano FeS or magnetic carbon is added into anaerobic reactors. Results showed that adding 200 mg/L bio-nano FeS or magnetic carbon clearly reduced the accumulation of short-chain fatty acids and avoided acidification during 25 days of anaerobic digestion. The methane productions were 98.38 L/kg total solid (TS) and 73.69 L/kg TS in the bio-nano FeS and magnetic carbon systems, respectively, which accelerated methane production by 58.1% and 33.4%, respectively, compared with the control system (40.26 L/kg TS). The pyrene removal rates reached 77.5% and 72.1% in the bio-nano FeS and magnetic carbon systems, whereas it was only 40.8% in the control system. Analysis of microbial community structure revealed that methanogens (e.g. Methanosarcina and Methanosaeta) and extracellular electron-transfer bacteria (e.g. Pseudomonas, Cloastridia, and Synergistetes) were enriched in the reactors added with bio-nano FeS or magnetic carbon. This result indicates that the addition of bio-nano FeS or magnetic carbon may promote the activity and growth of microorganisms to improve the efficiency of methane production and pyrene degradation by enhancing DIET.
Medusa aequorea Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Anthozoa
Actiniaria
Hormathiidae
Medusa
Medusa aequorea

description: Medusa aequorea [spec. nov.]
M. orbicularis planiuscula, margine inflexo villoso tentaculato. Loefl. �
Habitat in Pelago.
Medusa noctu vagatur; vis pruritu mordax; contrahit se rigens ac praeternatante pisciculo frondem suam spargit, complectensque devorat; ora ei in radice esse, excrementa per summa reddi. Plin. IX: 45.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 659, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Normalization of the Background Independent Open String Field Theory Action
Creators: name: Ghoshal, Debashis
name: Sen, Ashoke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been shown recently that the background independent open string field theory provides an exact description of the tachyon condensation on unstable D-branes of bosonic string theory. In this analysis the overall normalisation of the action was chosen so that it reproduces the conjectured relations involving tachyon condensation. In this paper we fix this normalisation by comparing the on-shell three tachyon amplitude computed from the background independent open string field theory with the same amplitude computed from the cubic open string field theory, which in turn agrees with the result of the first quantised theory. We find that this normalisation factor is in precise agreement with the one required for verifying the conjectured properties of the tachyon potential.
description: LaTeX file, 8 pages, references added
A Light Higgs at the LHC and the B-Anomalies
Creators: name: Liu, Da
name: Liu, Jia
name: Wagner, Carlos E. M.
name: Wang, Xiao-Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After the Higgs discovery, the LHC has been looking for new resonances, decaying into pairs of Standard Model (SM) particles. Recently, the CMS experiment observed an excess in the di-photon channel, with a di-photon invariant mass of about 96~GeV. This mass range is similar to the one of an excess observed in the search for the associated production of Higgs bosons with the $Z$ neutral gauge boson at LEP, with the Higgs bosons decaying to bottom quark pairs. On the other hand, the LHCb experiment observed a discrepancy with respect to the SM expectations of the ratio of the decay of $B$-mesons to $K$-mesons and a pair of leptons, $R_{K^{(*)}} = BR(B \to K^{(*)} μ^+μ^-)/BR(B\to K^{(*)} e^+e^-)$. This observation provides a hint of the violation of lepton-flavor universality in the charged lepton sector and may be explained by the existence of a vector boson originating form a $U(1)_{L_μ- L_τ}$ symmetry and heavy quarks that mix with the left-handed down quarks. Since the coupling to heavy quarks could lead to sizable Higgs di-photon rates in the gluon fusion channel, in this article we propose a common origin of these anomalies identifying a Higgs associated with the breakdown of the $U(1)_{L_μ- L_τ}$ symmetry and at the same time responsible to the quark mixing, with the one observed at the LHC. We also discuss the constraints on the identification of the same Higgs with the one associated with the bottom quark pair excess observed at LEP.
description: 34 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables. v2: 1 figure added, motivation clarified, version matched to JHEP
The Redshift Evolution of the Metagalactic Ionizing Flux Inferred from Metal Line Ratios in the Lyman Forest
Creators: name: Songaila, Antoinette
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Metal line ratios in a sample of 13 quasar spectra obtained with the HIRES spectrograph on the KeckI telescope have been analyzed to characterize the evolution of the metagalactic ionizing flux near a redshift of 3. The evolution of SiIV/CIV has been determined using three different techniques: using total column densities of absorption line complexes, as in Songaila & Cowie (1996); using the column densities of individual Voigt profile components within complexes; and using direct optical depth ratios. All three methods show that SiIV/CIV changes abruptly at a redshift near 3, requiring a jump in value of about a factor of 3.4, and indicating a significant change in the ionizing spectrum that occurs rapidly between z = 2.9 and z = 3, just above the redshift at which Reimers et al. (1997) detected patchy HeII Lyman alpha absorption. At lower redshifts, the ionization balance is consistent with a pure power law ionizing spectrum but at higher redshifts the spectrum must be very soft, with a large break at the He+ edge. An optical depth ratio technique is used to measure the abundances of ions whose transitions lie within the forest and CIII, SiIII and OVI are detected in this way. The presence of a significant amount of OVI at z > 3 suggests either a considerable volume of HeIII bubbles embedded in the more general region where the ionizing flux is heavily broken, or the addition of collisional ionization to the simple photoionization models.
description: 51 pages including 21 encapsulated postscript figures. Full version, including complete Figure 5, available at http://www.ifa.hawaii.edu/~acowie/meta_flux.html To be published in the June, 1998 Astronomical Journal (accepted February 18, 1998)
Euclidean versus Minkowski short distance
Creators: name: Rossi, Giancarlo
name: Testa, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this note we reexamine the possibility of extracting parton distribution functions from lattice simulations. We discuss the case of quasi-parton distribution functions, the possibility of using the reduced Ioffe-time distributions and the more recent proposal of directly making reference to the computation of the current-current $T$-product. We show that in all cases the process of renormalization hindered by lattice momenta limitation represents an obstruction to a direct Euclidean calculation of the parton distribution function.
Force field parameters from the SAFT equation of state for the molecular simulation of fused molecules
Creators: name: Yaroson, Omolara
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: In this work, the analytical SAFT-γ Mie equation of state (EoS) is used in the efficient development of intermolecular force field parameters which can be used in direct molecular simulation for a range of fused dimer molecules. In its original formulation, the SAFT-γ Mie EoS only provides a direct link to the force field parameters for tangent models. A novel development here is to extend the application of the equation of state to obtain intermolecular potentials for fused models which more faithfully mimic realistic molecules. The proposed methodology consists of a two stage process: - An empirical mapping between the parameters of the theory and parameters used in simulation is first obtained by performing molecular dynamics simulations of the vapour-liquid equilibria for a wide range of homonuclear model dimer molecules with different bond lengths and Mie repulsive exponents. The simulation results are matched with those obtained using the theory for corresponding systems in order to determine the relationship between the parameters of the theory and the potential model. A methodology for obtaining unlike interaction parameters in heteronuclear dimer molecules is also developed and validated. - The mapping obtained is then used to translate the equation of state parameters of real molecules into a simulation force field with an explicit bond length. Force fields are obtained for a range of molecules with different levels of molecular resolution including atomistic models for molecular oxygen and nitrogen, united-atom models for ethane and perfluoroethane and more coarse-grained dimer models of propylbenzene and carbon dioxide. The properties obtained by simulation include vapour pressures, saturated liquid densities and interfacial tensions. This top-down methodology of obtaining force field parameters for computer simulation of fluids is much less computer and time intensive than the traditional methods. In the concluding chapter, a preliminary extension of the approach to trimers molecules is presented.
Scalable, data-driven brain decoding using functional MRI
Creators: name: Markides, Loizos
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) has established the field of brain decoding, meaning the prediction of the task that a subject is performing in the MRI scanner, given the corresponding images. This has been quite successful, especially when attempting discrimination between the representations of two or four distinct stimuli across the brains of multiple subjects. However, there are currently only a few studies that deal with ways to improve the scalability of existing brain decoding methodologies, in order for the resulting classifiers to be able to discriminate among tens or hundreds of possible stimuli. Such advances have potential for the creation of rigorous brain-computer interfaces, which could establish a solid communication channel with people in a vegetative state. In this work, I propose and evaluate a series of methods leading to the development of a new data-driven, scalable brain decoding framework that will enable better stimulus discrimination. The methods include: (1) A novel inter-subject spatial feature selection method that can be run using the native brain images of each subject directly, and which is not sensitive to differences in the morphology of the brain of each subject. (2) Three novel data-driven feature selection methods that use statistical association metrics in order to select regions that exhibit similar behaviour across-subjects over the course of a given experiment. The methods aim to promote enhanced exploratory power and are not susceptible to region-specific variations of the haemodynamic response function. (3) Two novel data-driven temporal denoising algorithms that can be used to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of any given task-related fMRI image and which do not impose constraints in either the experimental design nor the nature of the involved stimuli. (4) A thorough evaluation of four intensity normalisation techniques that are commonly used for across-subjects and across-sessions decoding, in order to determine their applicability for across-datasets decoding. (5) A novel feature compression and information recovery method that aims at lowering the system memory requirements for training and testing a large-scale brain decoding model using multiple datasets simultaneously.
Performance of the Cray T3D and Emerging Architectures on Canopy QCD Applications
Creators: name: Fischler, Mark
name: Uchima, Mike
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Cray T3D, an MIMD system with NUMA shared memory capabilities and in principle very low communications latency, can support the Canopy framework for grid-oriented applications. CANOPY has been ported to the T3D, with the intent of making it available to a spectrum of users. The performance of the T3D running Canopy has been benchmarked on five QCD applications extensively run on ACPMAPS at Fermilab, requiring a variety of data access patterns. The net performance and scaling behavior reveals an efficiency relative to peak Gflops almost identical to that achieved on ACPMAPS. Detailed studies of the major factors impacting performance are presented. Generalizations applying this analysis to the newly emerging crop of commercial systems reveal where their limitations will lie. On these applications, efficiencies of above 25\% are not to be expected; eliminating overheads due to Canopy will improve matters, but by less than a factor of two.
description: 4 pages, to be published in Proceedings of Lattice '95. LaTeX using Elsevere's espcrc2.sty style file (espcrc2.sty and .tex appended at end of submission)
Oral history interview with Toni Gorenc, 1990
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Hemophilia--History.--United States
Hemophilia--Social aspects
Hemophilia--Political aspects
AIDS (Disease)--History.--United States
Health services administrators

description: Background in research on hepatitis and hemophilia; involvement in establishing the Hemophilia Treatment Center; experiences with different treatment modalities there; dilemma of using Factor VIII concentrates versus exposure to hepatitis; issues of financial cost of hemophilia treatment products; changing relationship with National Hemophilia Foundation; development of hemophilia treatment team and of "comprehensive care" for people with hemophilia; importance of flexibility in delivering hemophilia care; changing relationship between treatment providers and people with hemophilia; issues of confidentiality regarding hemophilia and HIV; isolation and denial among people with hemophilia; forthcoming use of recombinant products to treat hemophilia; involvement in organizing summer camp for people with hemophilia; problems getting and keeping insurance for camp purposes; experiences teaching people with AIDS about new treatments; possibilities for future cure for hemophilia
MOESM1 of Do clerkship schemes effectively improve pharmacy students’ understanding of and attitudes regarding pharmaceutical care?——a pre-post study in China Pharmaceutical University
Creators: name: Huang, Yuankai
name: Yao, Dongning
name: Zhang, Weiwei
name: Wang, Yitao
name: Yao, Wenbing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. English version of original questionnaire.
Balanced-force two-phase flow modelling on unstructured and adaptive meshes
Creators: name: Denner, Fabian
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: Two-phase flows occur regularly in nature and industrial processes and their understanding is of significant interest in engineering research and development. Various numerical methods to predict two-phase phase flows have been developed as a result of extensive research efforts in past decades, however, most methods are limited to Cartesian meshes. A fully-coupled implicit numerical framework for two-phase flows on unstructured meshes is presented, solving the momentum equations and a specifically constructed continuity constraint in a single equation system. The continuity constraint, derived using a momentum interpolation method, satisfies continuity, provides a strong pressure-velocity coupling and ensures a discrete balance between pressure gradient and body forces. The numerical framework is not limited to specific density ratios or a particular interface topology and includes several novelties. A further step towards a more accurate prediction of two-phase flows on unstructured meshes is taken by proposing a new method to evaluate the interface curvature. The curvature estimates obtained with this new method are shown to be as good as or better than methods reported in literature, which are mostly limited to Cartesian meshes, and the accuracy on structured and unstructured meshes is shown to be comparable. Furthermore, lasting contributions are made towards the understanding of convolution methods for two-phase flow modelling and the underlying mechanisms of parasitic currents are studied in detailed. The mesh resolution is of particular importance for two-phase flows due to the inherent first-order accuracy of the interface position using interface capturing methods. A mesh adaption algorithm for tetrahedral meshes with application to two-phase flows and its implementation are presented. The algorithm is applied to study mesh resolution requirements at interfaces and force-balancing for surface-tension-dominated two-phase flows on adaptive meshes.
MOESM1 of PD-1 and PD-L1 correlated gene expression profiles and their association with clinical outcomes of breast cancer
Creators: name: Jiang, Cui
name: Cao, SunRun
name: Li, Na
name: Jiang, Lei
name: Sun, Tao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Prognostic analysis of PD1/PDL1 co-expressing genes.
Medusa marsupialis Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Anthozoa
Actiniaria
Hormathiidae
Medusa
Medusa marsupialis

description: Medusa marsupialis [spec. nov.]
M. semiovata, margine tentaculis quatuor.
Planc. rar. 41. t. 4. f. 5. Urtica soluta marsupium referens.
Habitat in M. Mediterraneo.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 660, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
The Interaction of Cytokinin and Strigolactone in controlling Shoot Branching in Arabidopsis thaliana
Creators: name: Chaudhary, Neelam
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: Shoot branching is regulated by auxin, cytokinin (CK) and strigolactone (SL). Cytokinin, being the only promoter of shoot branching, is antagonistic in function to auxin and strigolactone, which inhibit shoot branching. There is a close relationship between auxin and strigolactone, mediating each other to suppress shoot branching. Strigolactone reduces auxin transport from the buds, thus arresting bud outgrowth. On the other hand, auxin increases strigolactone production to control apical dominance. Antagonistic interaction between auxin and cytokinin has been reported as auxin inhibits lateral bud outgrowth by limiting CK supply to axillary buds. Previously, it has been found that levels of tZ-type CKs are extremely low in xylem sap of strigolactone mutants of Arabidopsis and pea.The current research aimed to explore the interaction between cytokinin and strigolactone, especially the regulatory mechanisms behind these low cytokinin levels. It was hypothesized that xylem-CKs may be controlled by strigolactone-mediated regulation of AtIPT genes in Arabidopsis thaliana. For this investigation, atipt double (atipt5,7, atipt3,5 and atipt3,7) and triple (atipt3,5,7) knockout mutants in wild-type and max backgrounds were screened and characterized. The GUS promoter-reporter system was used to study regulation of AtIPT expression by strigolactone. For this purpose, AtIPTs::GUS lines were generated in max SL mutant backgrounds. Further, cytokinin levels were quantified in root and shoot tissues as well as in phloem and xylem sap of atipt mutants in wild-type and max background. Cytokinin biosynthetic genes (AtIPTs) were shown to be regulated by strigolactone and cytokinin synthesis played an important role in the phenotype of max mutants. Loss of AtIPT3 from the SL-deficient mutant, max4, resulted in reduced growth and suppression of shoot branching. However, it was not possible to knockout AtIPT3 from the SL-insensitive mutant, max2, because double mutation of AtIPT3 and MAX2 genes was unexpectedly found to be lethal. Both max2 and max4 showed upregulation of AtIPT3 in phloem and downregulation of AtIPT5 in root and shoot. Application of GR24 (SL synthetic analogue) and NAA (auxin) reversed the regulation in max4. Auxin- and strigolactone-mediated regulation of AtIPT3 and AtIPT5 in root and shoot were strictly MAX2-dependent, apart from auxin upregulation of ATIPT5 in roots, independent of strigolactone. The phloem sap showed elevated levels of the CK metabolite, iPRP, and this was correlated with high expression of AtIPT3 in phloem of max mutants. The increased transport of iPRP to roots did not increase the production of tZ-type CKs in roots of max mutants. Rather the levels of tZ-type CKs in xylem sap of max mutants were highly reduced. The results lead to the conclusionthat SL controls shoot branching partly by mediating CK biosynthesis and iPRP in phloem may function as a feedback signal to modulate translocation of tZ-type CKs through xylem.