cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Framework para Integração e Segurança de Dados em Ambientes Heterogêneos: Uma Solução com GCS e Blockchain
Creators: name: Gomes, Nacles
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Com a evolução das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TIC's) nas últimas décadas, observou-se um aumento na disponibilização de dados em diversos formatos, impulsionando o desenvolvimento de novas soluções para integração, consolidação e análise de informações. Nesse aspecto, apesar de ser um paradigma relativamente novo, os Grafos de Conhecimento Semântico (GCS) tem se apresentado como uma tecnologia promissora no processo de integração de dados de fontes heterogêneas por sua representação rica e flexível das relações entre entidades e seus atributos, que facilitam a inferência e obtenção de informações, sem restrições de cenários ou domínios. Contudo, é importante salientar que a construção de GCS não é uma tarefa trivial e de fácil implementação. Segundo Assche et. al. (2023), as soluções atuais de mapeamento e geração de GSC são específicas para determinados casos de uso, não atendendo a todas as necessidades; sem falar nas questões que envolvem dados sensíveis, como os oriundos das áreas de saúde e finanças, por exemplo. Nesse aspecto, propomos um framework que utiliza ontologia(s) e mapeamento R2RML para atender as questões que envolvem os problemas de integração de dados (semi-)estruturados, atendendo muitos cenários, desde bancos de dados relacionais e NoSQL, até dados oriundos de dispositivos IoT; incluindo a possibilidade de armazenamento e compartilhamento de GCS via blockchain privada, assegurando a imutabilidade e segurança no manejo de dados sensíveis.
Possible Broken Inversion and Time-Reversal Symmetry State of Electrons in Bilayer Graphene
Creators: name: Yan, Xin-Zhong
name: Ting, C. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the two-band continuum model, we study the broken inversion and time-reversal symmetry state of electrons with finite-range repulsive interactions in bilayer graphene. With the analytical solution to the mean-field Hamiltonian, we obtain the electronic spectra. The ground state is gapped. In the presence of the magnetic field $B$, the energy gap grows with increasing $B$, in excellently agreement with the experimental observation. Such an energy gap behavior originates from the disappearance of a Landau level of $n$ = 0 and 1 states. The present result resolves explicitly the puzzle of the gap dependence of $B$.
description: 4.4 pages, 3 figures
Temperature dependence of tropospheric ozone under NOx reductions over Germany
Creators: name: Otero, Noelia
name: Rust, Henning W.
name: Butler, Tim
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Surface ozone
subject: Climate penalty
subject: Temperature dependence
subject: GAMs
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::551 Geologie, Hydrologie, Meteorologie

description: Due to the strong temperature dependence of surface ozone concentrations (O3), future warmer conditions may worsen ozone pollution levels despite continued efforts on emission controls of ozone precursors. Using longterm measurements of hourly O3 concentrations co-located with NOx concentrations in stations distributed throughout Germany, we assess changes in the climate penalty in summertime, defined as the slope of ozonetemperature relationship during the period 1999?2018. We find a stronger temperature sensitivity in the urban stations over the southwestern regions, especially in the first period of the study (1999?2008). We show a decrease in the climate penalty in most of stations during the second period of the study (2009?2018), with some exceptions (e.g. Berlin) where the climate penalty did not show significant changes. A key motivation of this study is to provide further insights into the impacts of NOx reductions in the O3-temperature relationship. For that, we propose a statisti-cal approach based on Generalized Additive Models (GAMs) to describe ozone production rates, inferred from hourly observations, as a function of NOx and temperature, among other variables relevant during the O3 production. The GAMs confirm lower O3 production rates during the second period (2009?2018) at most of the stations and a decreasing sensitivity to temperature. We observe that a large number of stations are transitioning to NOx-limited chemistry, consistent with a decreasing temperature dependence of O3 at moderate-high temperatures as a result of sustained NOx reductions. Moreover, the GAMs results showed changes in the shape of the function representing the O3-temperature relationship when comparing the first and second period, which suggest changes in VOC influencing the temperature dependence of O3. From these results, we infer effective VOC reductions over time that have also contributed to the observed decrease of O3 production rates. Thus, our analysis indicates that emissions reductions have been effective in a number of stations, particularly in the southwestern regions. However, we notice that in a few stations (e.g. Berlin) additional emission reductions should be required to effectively mitigate the temperature dependence of O3.
A Parallel Fast Marching Method, Performance And Application To Red Blood Cell Simulations
Creators: name: Doyeux, Vincent
name: Ismail, Mourad
name: Stephane Priem
name: Prudhomme, Christophe
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014

description: In this talk we present a parallel fast marching method, its

performance and its application to red blood cell simulations
Insights into the sodiation mechanism of hard carbon-like materials from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
Creators: name: Schutjajew, Konstantin
name: Tichter, Tim
name: Schneider, Jonathan
name: Antonietti, Markus
name: Roth, Christina
name: Oschatz, Martin
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: X-ray scattering
subject: relaxation times analysis
subject: sodium insertion
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: To render the sodium ion battery (SIB) competitive among other technologies, the processes behind sodium storage in hard carbon anodes must be understood. For this purpose, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is usually undervalued, since fitting the spectra with equivalent circuit models requires an a priori knowledge about the system at hand. The analysis of the distribution of relaxation times (DRT) is an alternative, which refrains from fitting arbitrarily nested equivalent circuits. In this paper, the sodiation and desodiation of a hard carbon anode is studied by EIS at different states of charge (SOC). By reconstructing the DRT function, highly resolved information on the number and relative contribution of individual electrochemical processes is derived. During the sloping part of the sodiation curve, mass transport is found to be the most dominant source of resistance but rapidly diminishes when the plateau phase is reached. An equivalent circuit model qualitatively reproducing the experimental data of the sloping region was built upon the DRT results, which is particularly useful for future EIS studies on hard carbon SIB anodes. More importantly, this work contributes to establish EIS as a practical tool to directly study electrode processes without the bias of a previously assumed model.
Sub-10 nm colloidal lithography for integrated spin-photo-electronic devices
Creators: name: Iovan, A.
name: Fischer, M.
name: Conte, R. Lo
name: Korenivski, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Colloidal lithography [1] is how patterns are reproduced in a variety of natural systems and is used more and more as an efficient fabrication tool in bio-, opto-, and nano-technology. Nanoparticles in the colloid are made to form a mask on a given material surface, which can then be transferred via etching into nano-structures of various sizes, shapes, and patterns [2,3]. Such nanostructures can be used in biology for detecting proteins [4] and DNA [5,6], for producing artificial crystals in photonics [7,8] and GHz oscillators in spin-electronics [9-14]. Scaling of colloidal patterning down to 10-nm and below, dimensions comparable or smaller than the main relaxation lengths in the relevant materials, including metals, is expected to enable a variety of new ballistic transport and photonic devices, such as spin-flip THz lasers [15]. In this work we extend the practice of colloidal lithography to producing large-area, near-ballistic-injection, sub-10 nm point-contact arrays and demonstrate their integration in to spin-photo-electronic devices.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
Cuando dioses, héroes, duelos y fiestas de la Antigüedad —Lam, Borges, García Márquez— andaban por espacios latinoamericanos
Creators: name: Rincón, Carlos
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: America latina
subject: literatura
subject: editorial
subject: 800 Literatur::860 Spanische, portugiesische Literaturen::868 Spanische vermischte Schriften

description: El proyecto abarca los años que van de 1943 y 1973. Este período se puede caracterizar como una era de dioses y héroes, con duelos y fiestas propios de la Antigüedad que en su conjunto constituyen un espacio común en el cual se intercomunican. Este momento constitutivo en el sentido tanto temporal como espacial se investiga en el contexto de movimientos de migración y cambios demográficos que provocaron procesos inesperados pero fundamentales por sus dimensiones y consecuencias.
Performance of Antigen Detection Tests for SARS-CoV-2 in Ghana
Creators: name: Aboagye, Frank Twum
name: Acquah, Maame Ekua
name: Yvonne, Ashong
name: Owusu-Frimpong, Isaac
name: Egyam, Bill Clinton
name: Annison, Lawrence
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: SARS-CoV-2
SARS-CoV-2 Variants
RT-PCR
Viral Load
Ag-RDTs

description: Abstract
RT-PCR, the gold standard for SARS-CoV-2 detection, remains expensive and requires highly trained laboratory personnel, which proves to be a challenge in resource-limited settings. Antigen-based rapid diagnostic tests (Ag-RDTs) are cheaper and have a short turnaround time, which is important in providing results for the identification and isolation of infected persons. However, independent evaluation of the holistic diagnostic performance of Ag-RDTs, including detection of variant-specific infection, is limited and necessitates this evaluation. We tested 268 nasopharyngeal specimens using RT-PCR and Ag-RDTs [Flourescence Immunoassay (FIA) and Lateral Flow Immunoassay (LFIA)] to detect SARS-CoV-2 infections, followed by viral load quantification. Variant identification was done using a PCR-based assay. Generally, FIA has higher sensitivity, positive predictive value, and accuracy than LFIA. However, LFIA has a higher specificity and negative predictive value than FIA. There was a strong agreement between the Ag-RDTs and RT-PCR. In asymptomatic cases, FIA has a higher sensitivity, PPV, and accuracy than LFIA. Furthermore, both Ag-RDTs had 100% sensitivity in cases with high viral load (Ct <25). Although sensitivity is reduced at low viral loads (Ct >30), FIA has higher sensitivity than LFIA. In infections associated with the Alpha variant, FIA has better sensitivity than LFIA, and vice versa for Delta variant infections. However, both Ag-RDTs have 100% sensitivity for detecting Omicron infections. Ag-RDTs performed well with respect to the WHO criteria for antigen test usage and offer prospects of increased testing capacity in a pandemic at a relatively low cost. Both Ag-RDTs perform excellently in patients with high viral loads and infections associated with the Omicron variant relative to the other VOCs (Alpha and Delta variants). However, FIA has better sensitivity in asymptomatic patients. Notwithstanding this, results should be interpreted in conjunction with other clinical parameters.
Communication hubs of an asocial cat are the source of a human-carnivore conflict and key to its solution
Creators: name: Melzheimer, Joerg
name: Heinrich, Sonja K.
name: Wasiolka, Bernd
name: Mueller, Rebekka
name: Thalwitzer, Susanne
name: Palmegiani, Ivan
name: Weigold, Annika
name: Portas, Ruben
name: Roeder, Ralf
name: Hofer, Heribert
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: cheetah
subject: movement ecology
subject: intraspecific communication
subject: human-wildlife conflict
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Human-wildlife conflicts occur worldwide. Although many nonlethal mitigation solutions are available, they rarely use the behavioral ecology of the conflict species to derive effective and longlasting solutions. Here, we use a long-term study with 106 GPS-collared free-ranging cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus) to demonstrate how new insights into the socio-spatial organization of this species provide the key for such a solution. GPS-collared territory holders marked and defended communication hubs (CHs) in the core area of their territories. The CHs/territories were distributed in a regular pattern across the landscape such that they were not contiguous with each other but separated by a surrounding matrix. They were kept in this way by successive territory holders, thus maintaining this overdispersed distribution. The CHs were also visited by nonterritorial cheetah males and females for information exchange, thus forming hotspots of cheetah activity and presence. We hypothesized that the CHs pose an increased predation risk to young calves for cattle farmers in Namibia. In an experimental approach, farmers shifted cattle herds away from the CHs during the calving season. This drastically reduced their calf losses by cheetahs because cheetahs did not follow the herds but instead preyed on naturally occurring local wildlife prey in the CHs. This implies that in the cheetah system, there are "problem areas," the CHs, rather than "problem individuals." The incorporation of the behavioral ecology of conflict species opens promising areas to search for solutions in other conflict species with nonhomogenous space use.
Predicting the thermodynamics by using state-dependent interactions
Creators: name: D'Adamo, Giuseppe
name: Pelissetto, Andrea
name: Pierleoni, Carlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reconsider the structure-based route to coarse graining in which the coarse-grained model is defined in such a way to reproduce some distributions functions of the original system as accurately as possible. We consider standard expressions for pressure and chemical potential applied to this family of coarse-grained models with density-dependent interactions and show that they only provide approximations to the pressure and chemical potential of the underlying original system. These approximations are then carefully compared in two cases: we consider a generic microscopic system in the low-density regime and polymer solutions under good-solvent conditions. Moreover, we show that the state-dependent potentials depend on the ensemble in which they have been derived. Therefore, care must be used in applying canonical state-dependent potentials to predict phase lines, which is typically performed in other ensembles.
description: 29 pages, 1 figure; To appear in J. Chem. Phys
SU(3) Quantum Interferometry with single-photon input pulses
Creators: name: Tan, Si-Hui
name: Gao, Yvonne Y.
name: de Guise, Hubert
name: Sanders, Barry C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a framework for solving the action of a three-channel passive optical interferometer on single-photon pulse inputs to each channel using SU(3) group-theoretic methods, which can be readily generalized to higher-order photon-coincidence experiments. We show that features of the coincidence plots vs relative time delays of photons yield information about permanents, immanants, and determinants of the interferometer SU(3) matrix.
Automated Glycan Assembly of 19F-labeled Glycan Probes Enables High-Throughput NMR Studies of Protein–Glycan Interactions
Creators: name: Fittolani, Giulio
name: Shanina, Elena
name: Guberman, Monica
name: Seeberger, Peter H.
name: Rademacher, Christoph
name: Delbianco, Martina
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 19F NMR spectroscopy
subject: automated glycan assembly
subject: glycans
subject: lectins
subject: protein–glycan interactions
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::547 Organische Chemie

description: Protein–glycan interactions mediate important biological processes, including pathogen host invasion and cellular communication. Herein, we showcase an expedite approach that integrates automated glycan assembly (AGA) of 19F-labeled probes and high-throughput NMR methods, enabling the study of protein–glycan interactions. Synthetic Lewis type 2 antigens were screened against seven glycan binding proteins (GBPs), including DC-SIGN and BambL, respectively involved in HIV-1 and lung infections in immunocompromised patients, confirming the preference for fucosylated glycans (Lex, H type 2, Ley). Previously unknown glycan–lectin weak interactions were detected, and thermodynamic data were obtained. Enzymatic reactions were monitored in real-time, delivering kinetic parameters. These results demonstrate the utility of AGA combined with 19F NMR for the discovery and characterization of glycan–protein interactions, opening up new perspectives for 19F-labeled complex glycans.
Engineering light localization in a fractal waveguide network
Creators: name: Pal, Biplab
name: Patra, Pinaki
name: Saha, Jyoti Prasad
name: Chakrabarti, Arunava
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an exact analytical method of engineering the localization of electromagnetic waves in a fractal waveguide network. It is shown that, a countable infinity of localized electromagnetic modes with a multitude of localization lengths can exist in a Vicsek fractal geometry built with diamond shaped monomode waveguides as the 'unit cells'. The family of localized modes form clusters of increasing size. The length scale at which the onset of localization for each mode takes place can be engineered at will, following a well defined prescription developed within the framework of a real space renormalization group. The scheme leads to an exact evaluation of the wave vector for every such localized state, a task that is non-trivial, if not impossible for any random or deterministically disordered waveguide network.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1204.4986
Exploring the Molecular Conformation Space by Soft Molecule–Surface Collision
Creators: name: Anggara, Kelvin
name: Zhu, Yuntao
name: Delbianco, Martina
name: Rauschenbach, Stephan
name: Abb, Sabine
name: Seeberger, Peter H.
name: Kern, Klaus
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: X-ray
subject: amorphous cellulose
subject: normal-modes
subject: dynamics
subject: protein
subject: spectroscopy
subject: cellobiose
subject: crystal
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Biomolecules function by adopting multiple conformations. Such dynamics are governed by the conformation landscape whose study requires characterization of the ground and excited conformation states. Here, the conformational landscape of a molecule is sampled by exciting an initial gas-phase molecular conformer into diverse conformation states, using soft molecule-surface collision (0.5-5.0 eV). The resulting ground and excited molecular conformations, adsorbed on the surface, are imaged at the single-molecule level. This technique permits the exploration of oligosaccharide conformations, until now, limited by the high flexibility of oligosaccharides and ensemble-averaged analytical methods. As a model for cellulose, cellohexaose chains are observed in two conformational extremes, the typical "extended" chain and the atypical "coiled" chain-the latter identified as the gas-phase conformer preserved on the surface. Observing conformations between these two extremes reveals the physical properties of cellohexaose, behaving as a rigid ribbon that becomes flexible when twisted. The conformation space of any molecule that can be electrosprayed can now be explored.
Quantum teleportation between "particle-like" and "field-like" qubits using hybrid entanglement under decoherence effects
Creators: name: Park, Kimin
name: Lee, Seung-Woo
name: Jeong, Hyunseok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study quantum teleportation between two different types of optical qubits, one of which is "particle-like" and the other "field-like," via hybrid entangled states under the effects of decoherence. We find that teleportation from particle-like to field-like qubits can be achieved with a higher fidelity than that in the opposite direction. However, teleportation from field-like to particle-like qubits is found to be more efficient in terms of the success probabilities. Our study shows that the direction of teleportation should be considered an important factor in developing optical hybrid architectures for quantum information processing.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, a section has been added to discuss the postselection issue for teleportation, to be published in Phys. Rev. A
Gomphrena (Amaranthaceae, Gomphrenoideae) diversified as a C4 lineage in the New World tropics with specializations in floral and inflorescence morphology, and an escape to Australia
Creators: name: Ortuño Limarino, Teresa
name: Borsch, Thomas
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Amaranthaceae
subject: androecium
subject: C-4 photosynthesis
subject: Caryophyllales
subject: classification
subject: Gomphrena
subject: Gomphrenoideae
subject: Gossypianthus
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)

description: The genus Gomphrena comprises about 120 species in the Americas and 35 in Australia. Previous research revealed that Gossypianthus, Lithophila and Philoxerus are closely related but the monophyly of Gomphrena remained unresolved. Our aim was to clarify phylogenetic relationships in Gomphrena and allies based on a thorough sampling of species and to reconstruct the evolution of morphological characters including C-4 photosynthesis, and to explore the disjunction of the Australian taxa. We generated datasets of plastid (matK-trnK, trnL-F, rpl16) and nrITS representing 45 taxa of Gomphrena plus relatives and analysed them with parsimony, likelihood and Bayesian methods. Ancestral states of phenotypic characters were reconstructed with BayesTraits. BEAST was employed for divergence time estimates using an extended Amaranthaceae-Chenopodiaceae dataset to place fossil calibration points. Gossypianthus is closely related to a Gomphrena radiata-G. umbellata G. tomentosa Blade and G. meyeniana, whereas Lithophila and Philoxerus appear as successive sisters of the Australian species of Gomphrena. The majority of Andean species appears in a large Glade including annual and perennial species. The Cerrado species Gomphrena mollis and G. rupestris, which are C-3, constitute an early-branching lineage, whereas the core Gomphrena Glade is C-4 and has the inner two sepals strongly compressed as synapomorphy. A major subclade evolved inflorescences with subglobose paracladia in a whorl, supported by pseudanthial leaves. Whereas the core Gomphrena Glade started to diversify around 11.4 Ma (8.45-14.5 95% highest posterior density [HPD]) the Australian lineage split at only 4.8 Ma (2.61- 7.18 HPD). Our detailed phylogenetic analysis of Gomphrena depicts 10 major lineages including segregate genera. We hypothesize that an adaptation to costal habitats was followed by long-distance dispersal to Australia. We also propose a revised genus concept of Gomphrena including Gossypianthus, Lithophila and Philoxerus, considering that these small segregate genera were based on states of vegetative characters exhibiting adaptations to specific habitats rather than phylogeny and overall morphology.
Inter-laboratory Characterisation of Apatite Reference Materials for Chlorine Isotope Analysis
Creators: name: Wudarska, Alicja
name: Slaby, Ewa
name: Wiedenbeck, Michael
name: Barnes, Jaime D.
name: Bonifacie, Magali
name: Sturchio, Neil C.
name: Bardoux, Gerard
name: Couffignal, Frederic
name: Glodny, Johannes
name: John, Timm
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: chlorine isotopes
subject: apatite
subject: matrix effect
subject: crystal orientation effect
subject: secondary ion mass spectrometry
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: Here we report on a set of six apatite reference materials (chlorapatites MGMH#133648, TUBAF#38 and fluorapatites MGMH#128441A, TUBAF#37, 40, 50) which we have characterised for their chlorine isotope ratios; these RMs span a range of Cl mass fractions within the apatite Ca-10(PO4)(6)(F,Cl,OH)(2) solid solution series. Numerous apatite specimens, obtained from mineralogical collections, were initially screened for Cl-37/Cl-35 homogeneity using SIMS followed by delta Cl-37 characterisation by gas source mass spectrometry using both dual-inlet and continuous-flow modes. We also report major and key trace element compositions as determined by EPMA. The repeatability of our SIMS results was better than +/- 0.10% (1s) for the five samples with > 0.5% m/m Cl and +/- 0.19% (1s) for the low Cl abundance material (0.27% m/m). We also observed a small, but significant crystal orientation effect of 0.38% between the mean Cl-37/Cl-35 ratios measured on three oriented apatite fragments. Furthermore, the results of GS-IRMS analyses show small but systematic offset of delta Cl-37(SMOC) values between the three laboratories. Nonetheless, all studied samples have comparable chlorine isotope compositions, with mean 10(3)delta Cl-37(SMOC) values between +0.09 and +0.42 and in all cases with 1s <= +/- 0.25.
Lending Petri nets and contracts
Creators: name: Bartoletti, Massimo
name: Cimoli, Tiziana
name: Pinna, G. Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Choreography-based approaches to service composition typically assume that, after a set of services has been found which correctly play the roles prescribed by the choreography, each service respects his role. Honest services are not protected against adversaries. We propose a model for contracts based on a extension of Petri nets, which allows services to protect themselves while still realizing the choreography. We relate this model with Propositional Contract Logic, by showing a translation of formulae into our Petri nets which preserves the logical notion of agreement, and allows for compositional verification.
Universal contributions to scalar masses from five dimensional supergravity
Creators: name: Dudas, Emilian
name: von Gersdorff, Gero
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the effective Kahler potential for matter fields in warped compactifications, starting from five dimensional gauged supergravity, as a function of the matter fields localization. We show that truncation to zero modes is inconsistent and the tree-level exchange of the massive gravitational multiplet is needed for consistency of the four-dimensional theory. In addition to the standard Kahler coming from dimensional reduction, we find the quartic correction coming from integrating out the gravity multiplet. We apply our result to the computation of scalar masses, by assuming that the SUSY breaking field is a bulk hypermultiplet. In the limit of extreme opposite localization of the matter and the spurion fields, we find zero scalar masses, consistent with sequestering arguments. Surprisingly enough, for all the other cases the scalar masses are tachyonic. This suggests the holographic interpretation that a CFT sector always generates operators contributing in a tachyonic way to scalar masses. Viability of warped su- persymmetric compactifications necessarily asks then for additional contributions. We discuss the case of additional bulk vector multiplets with mixed boundary conditions, which is a partic- ularly simple and attractive way to generate large positive scalar masses. We show that in this case successful fermion mass matrices implies highly degenerate scalar masses for the first two generations of squarks and sleptons.
description: 23 pages. v2: References added, new section on effect of additional bulk vector multiplets and phenomenology
Distributed Channel Synthesis
Creators: name: Cuff, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.1.1
subject: 94A15

description: Two familiar notions of correlation are rediscovered as the extreme operating points for distributed synthesis of a discrete memoryless channel, in which a stochastic channel output is generated based on a compressed description of the channel input. Wyner's common information is the minimum description rate needed. However, when common randomness independent of the input is available, the necessary description rate reduces to Shannon's mutual information. This work characterizes the optimal trade-off between the amount of common randomness used and the required rate of description. We also include a number of related derivations, including the effect of limited local randomness, rate requirements for secrecy, applications to game theory, and new insights into common information duality. Our proof makes use of a soft covering lemma, known in the literature for its role in quantifying the resolvability of a channel. The direct proof (achievability) constructs a feasible joint distribution over all parts of the system using a soft covering, from which the behavior of the encoder and decoder is inferred, with no explicit reference to joint typicality or binning. Of auxiliary interest, this work also generalizes and strengthens this soft covering tool.
description: To appear in IEEE Trans. on Information Theory (submitted Aug., 2012, accepted July, 2013), 26 pages, using IEEEtran.cls
Functional Changes of the Community of Microbes With Ni-Dependent Enzyme Genes Accompany Adaptation of the Ruminal Microbiome to Urea-Supplemented Diets
Creators: name: Lu, Zhongyan
name: Xu, Zhihui
name: Kong, Lingmeng
name: Shen, Hong
name: Aschenbach, Jörg R.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: ruminal microbiome
subject: urea supplementation
subject: Ni-dependent enzyme
subject: rumen
subject: functional changes
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Urea is an inexpensive non-protein nitrogen source commonly supplemented to the diets of ruminants. It is cleaved to ammonia by bacterial ureases, which require Ni as a catalyst for ureolysis. The key event in the changes of the ruminal microbiome after urea supplementation remains unknown. We have therefore investigated changes in the ruminal microbiome and its community with Ni-dependent enzyme genes following urea supplementation and analyzed the associations of rumen environmental factors, including fermentation variables and Ni concentrations, with the compositional and functional changes of these communities. We found that urea supplementation increased urease activity and the concentrations of ammonia and Ni, and tended to increase concentrations of short chain fatty acids and acetate, whereas it decreased rumen pH and the L-/D-lactate ratio. With standards for genome completeness >60% and strain heterogeneity <10%, 20 bacterial species containing five Ni-dependent enzyme genes were detected in the metagenome sequences. For the five Ni-dependent enzyme genes, urea supplementation increased the relative abundances of genes of urease and acetyl-CoA synthase, whereas it decreased the relative abundances of genes of glyoxalase I, [NiFe]-hydrogenase, and lactate racemase. For the 20 microbes with Ni-dependent enzyme genes, urea supplementation increased the relative abundances of five bacteria exhibiting high capacities for the utilization of hemicellulose and pectin for butyrate and fatty acid biosynthesis. For the ruminal microbiome, urea supplementation increased the metagenomic capacities for hemicellulose and pectin degradation, butyrate generation, fatty acid biosynthesis, and carbon fixation, whereas it decreased the metagenomic capacities for starch degradation, propionate generation, and sulfur and nitrogen metabolism. Constrained correspondence analysis identified rumen ammonia and Ni concentrations as likely driving factors in the reshaping of the ruminal microbiome and, together with pH, of the community of microbes with Ni-dependent enzyme genes. Thus, the functional change of the latter community is probably an important event in the adaptation of the ruminal microbiome to urea-supplemented diets. This result provides a new perspective for the understanding of the effects of urea supplementation on rumen fermentation.
Investigation on synthesis and physical properties of metal doped picene solids
Creators: name: Kambe, Takashi
name: He, Xuexia
name: Takahashi, Yosuke
name: Yamanari, Yusuke
name: Teranishi, Kazuya
name: Mitamura, Hiroki
name: Shibasaki, Seizi
name: Tomita, Keitaro
name: Eguchi, Ritsuko
name: Goto, Hidenori
name: Takabayashi, Yasuhiro
name: Kato, Takashi
name: Fujiwara, Akihiko
name: Kariyado, Toshikaze
name: Aoki, Hideo
name: Kubozono, Yoshihiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report electronic structure and physical properties of metal doped picene as well as selective synthesis of the phase exhibiting 18 K superconducting transition. First, Raman scattering is used to characterize the number of electrons transferred from the dopants to picene molecules. The charge transfer leads to a softening of Raman scattering peaks, which enables us to determine the number of transferred electrons. From this we have identified that three electrons are transferred to each picene molecule in the superconducting doped-picene solids. Second, we report the pressure dependence of Tc in 7 and 18 K phases of K3picene. The 7 K phase shows a negative pressure-dependence, while the 18 K phase exhibits a positive pressure-dependence which cannot be understood with a simple phonon mechanism of BCS superconductivity. Third, we report a new synthesis method for superconducting K3picene by a solution process with monomethylamine, CH3NH2. This method enables one to prepare selectively the K3picene sample exhibiting 18 K superconducting transition. The discovery of suitable way for preparing K3picene with Tc = 18 K may facilitate clarification of the mechanism of superconductivity.
description: 18 pages, 2 tables, 8 figures
Countergradient variation concealed adaptive responses to temperature increase in Daphnia from heated lakes
Creators: name: Dziuba, Marcin Krzysztof
name: Kuczyński, Lechosław
name: Wejnerowski, Łukasz
name: Cerbin, Slawek
name: Wolinska, Justyna
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: life-history variation
subject: body-size
subject: longispina complex
subject: thermal tolerance
subject: zooplankton
subject: hybrid
subject: fish
subject: evolution
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: To test the general assumption that global warming will induce body size reduction in aquatic organisms, we used a system of lakes continually heated for six decades by warm water discharge from power plants. Their temperature elevation of 3-4 degrees C corresponds with climate change forecasts for the end of the 21st century. We compared body size and reproduction of Daphnia longispina complex communities inhabiting heated and non-heated (control) lakes nearby. No difference in body size was found, but Daphnia communities from heated lakes had a wider thermal breadth for reproduction. The two lake groups varied in the taxonomic composition of Daphnia communities. Thus, to disentangle inter- and intraspecific sources of variation, and to examine evolution vs. phenotypic plasticity of investigated traits, we performed two life history experiments: (1) a between-species experiment compared D. galeata inhabiting heated lakes with D. longispina typical of nearby control lakes, under three temperature regimes; (2) a within-species experiment compared D. galeata from heated lakes with conspecifics from high latitude (cold control) and low latitude (warm control) lakes, under two temperature regimes. The experiments revealed countergradient variation: environmental constraints on body size in situ concealed evolution of larger potential body size in Daphnia from heated lakes. In turn, evolution of increased body size plasticity resulted in an efficient resource allocation trade-off: more effective reproduction at high temperature, at the cost of size reduction. We suggest that large size is adaptive during active overwintering, while plastic size reduction is a coping strategy for high temperatures.
Local response of topological order to an external perturbation
Creators: name: Hamma, Alioscia
name: Cincio, Lukasz
name: Santra, Siddhartha
name: Zanardi, Paolo
name: Amico, Luigi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the behavior of the Rényi entropies for the toric code subject to a variety of different perturbations, by means of 2D density matrix renormalization group and analytical methods. We find that Rényi entropies of different index α display derivatives with opposite sign, as opposed to typical symmetry breaking states, and can be detected on a very small subsystem regardless of the correlation length. This phenomenon is due to the presence in the phase of a point with flat entanglement spectrum, zero correlation length, and area law for the entanglement entropy. We argue that this kind of splitting is common to all the phases with a certain group theoretic structure, including quantum double models, cluster states, and other quantum spin liquids. The fact that the size of the subsystem does not need to scale with the correlation length makes it possible for this effect to be accessed experimentally.
description: updated to published version
Holographic Confinement/Deconfinement Transitions in Asymptotically Lifshitz Spacetimes
Creators: name: Way, Benson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Under a Scherk-Schwarz compactification, the AdS soliton and black brane provide a dual description to a confinement/deconfinement phase transition. We extend this construction to asymptotically Lifshitz spacetimes. In particular, we show that there must be a phase transition between the soliton and black hole if the solutions exist. We also construct these solutions numerically and compute the phase diagram.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures; v2 added references
Pairing instabilities in topological insulator quantum wells
Creators: name: Nikolic, Predrag
name: Tesanovic, Zlatko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological insulator quantum wells with induced attractive interactions between electrons are candidate systems for the realization of novel vortex lattice states with time-reversal symmetry, and incompressible quantum vortex liquids with fractional excitations. We analyze the competition between different pairing channels stimulated by the superconducting proximity effect in these quantum wells, and calculate the helical triplet pairing instability that can produce the mentioned phases using perturbation theory. We discuss the phase diagram tunable by gate voltage.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures; typos corrected, published version
WIMP DM and first stars: suppression of fragmentation in primordial star formation
Creators: name: Smith, Rowan J.
name: Iocco, Fabio
name: Glover, Simon C. O.
name: Schleicher, Dominik R. G.
name: Klessen, Ralf S.
name: Hirano, Shingo
name: Yoshida, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first 3D simulations to include the effects of dark matter annihilation feedback during the collapse of primordial mini-halos. We begin our simulations from cosmological initial conditions and account for dark matter annihilation in our treatment of the chemical and thermal evolution of the gas. The dark matter is modelled using an analytical density profile that responds to changes in the peak gas density. We find that the gas can collapse to high densities despite the additional energy input from the dark matter. No objects supported purely by dark matter annihilation heating are formed in our simulations. However, we find that the dark matter annihilation heating has a large effect on the evolution of the gas following the formation of the first protostar. Previous simulations without dark matter annihilation found that protostellar discs around Population III stars rapidly fragmented, forming multiple protostars that underwent mergers or ejections. When dark matter annihilation is included, however, these discs become stable to radii of 1000 AU or more. In the cases where fragmentation does occur, it is a wide binary that is formed.
description: 15 pages. Published in ApJ
Triplet-Charge Annihilation in a Small Molecule Donor: Acceptor Blend as a Major Loss Mechanism in Organic Photovoltaics
Creators: name: Marin-Beloqui, Jose M.
name: Toolan, Daniel T. W.
name: Panjwani, Naitik A.
name: Limbu, Saurav
name: Kim, Ji-Seon
name: Clarke, Tracey M.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: DRCN5T
subject: non-fullerene acceptors
subject: Raman
subject: spectroscopy
subject: transient absorption spectroscopy
subject: triplets
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Organic photovoltaics (OPV) are close to reaching a landmark 20% device efficiency. One of the proposed reasons that OPVs have yet to attain this milestone is their propensity toward triplet formation. Herein, a small molecule donor, DRCN5T, is studied using a variety of morphology and spectroscopy techniques, and blended with both fullerene and non-fullerene acceptors. Specifically, grazing incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering and transient absorption, Raman, and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopies are focused on. It is shown that despite DRCN5T's ability to achieve OPV efficiencies of over 10%, it generates an unusually high population of triplets. These triplets are primarily formed in amorphous regions via back recombination from a charge transfer state, and also undergo triplet-charge annihilation. As such, triplets have a dual role in DRCN5T device efficiency suppression: they both hinder free charge carrier formation and annihilate those free charges that do form. Using microsecond transient absorption spectroscopy under oxygen conditions, this triplet-charge annihilation (TCA) is directly observed as a general phenomenon in a variety of DRCN5T: fullerene and non-fullerene blends. Since TCA is usually inferred rather than directly observed, it is demonstrated that this technique is a reliable method to establish the presence of TCA.
Chamaeleucopis Gaimari, 2012, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Gaimari, Stephen D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Chamaemyiidae
Chamaeleucopis

description: Chamaeleucopis, gen. nov.
“Undescribed genus A.” Gaimari, 2010: 1004.
 Type species. Chamaeleucopis trevas, sp. nov., by present designation.
 Etymology. The feminine genus name is a combination of the genus names Chamaemyia and Leucopis, to indicate the unexpected presence of 2 pairs of strong fronto-orbital setae, a character present in Chamaemyia and other chamaemyiines, but only rarely in leucopines.
 Diagnosis. As a monotypic genus, the diagnosis for the genus is identical to that of the single species. The key in Gaimari (2010) aids the separation of this genus from all other New World genera.
description: Published as part of Gaimari, Stephen D., 2012, A new genus and species of Chamaemyiidae (Diptera: Lauxanioidea) from South America feeding on Ceroplastes wax scales (Hemiptera: Coccidae), and status of the genus Ortalidina as a chamaemyiid, pp. 39-50 in Zootaxa 3342 on page 40, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.211348
Treatment of equine sarcoids using recombinant poxviruses expressing feline interleukin-2
Creators: name: Loschelder-Ostrowski, Johanna
name: Winter, Judith Christine
name: Merle, Roswitha
name: Klopfleisch, Robert
name: Gehlen, Heidrun
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: treatment
subject: equine sarcoids
subject: recombinant poxviruses
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Background Interleukin (IL)‐2 stimulates antitumour immunity and is successfully used for the treatment of different neoplasias. Hypothesis/Objectives Canarypox virus locally expressing feline IL‐2 is safe and can be used to treat equine sarcoids. Animals Twenty horses of different breeds with a median age of eight years (interquartile range 6.0–13.3 years) and a total number of 59 sarcoids were included in the study. Methods In this prospective clinical trial, sarcoids were injected twice seven days apart, with a recombinant canarypox virus expressing feline IL‐2. Complete blood counts (CBC) and fibrinogen levels were measured before treatment and on days 1, 2, 7 and 8. Results Complete regression was achieved in eight horses (40%) and partial regression in two horses (10%). No change in sarcoid size was observed in two horses (10%) and the disease progressed in five horses (25%). Sarcoids of three horses (15%) showed initial response followed by tumour growth. There were no significant changes in CBC and fibrinogen levels after either injection. One horse developed a mild fever the day after each injection, which subsided without treatment the following day. Conclusions Treatment of equine sarcoids with recombinant canarypox virus expressing feline IL‐2 seems to be a safe therapy option. Although the expression of IL‐2 after vector injection and its biological activity in horses were not proven in this study, the treatment resulted in regression and partial regression in 50% of the cases. Further studies are necessary to verify these findings and to establish a treatment protocol.