cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Trading kinetic energy: How late kinetic decoupling of dark matter changes $N_{\textrm{eff}}$
Creators: name: Diacoumis, James A. D.
name: Wong, Yvonne Y. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Elastic scattering between dark matter particles and a relativistic species such as photons or neutrinos leads to a transfer of energy from the latter due to their intrinsically different temperature scaling relations. In this work, we point out that this siphoning of energy from the radiation bath manifests as a change in the effective number of neutrinos $N_{\rm eff}$, and compute the expected shift $ΔN_{\rm eff}$ for dark matter-photon and dark matter-neutrino elastic scattering as a function of the dark matter mass $m_ψ$ and scattering cross section $σ_{ψ-X}$. For $(m_ψ,σ_{ψ-X})$-parameter regions already explored by nonlinear probes such as the Lyman-$α$ forest through collisional and/or free-streaming damping, we find shifts of $|ΔN_{\rm eff}| \simeq O(10^{-2})$, which may be within the reach of the proposed CMB-S4 experiment. For most of the as-yet-unexplored parameter space, however, we expect $|ΔN_{\rm eff}| \lesssim O(10^{-3})$. An ideal 21 cm tomography survey of the dark ages limited only by cosmic variance is potentially sensitive to $|ΔN_{\rm eff}| \simeq O(10^{-6})$, in which case dark matter masses up to $m_ψ \sim 10 \, \textrm{MeV}$ may be probed via their effect on $N_{\rm eff}$.
description: V2: added references, minor edits, matches published version
Forward Jet and Particle Production at HERA
Creators: name: Adloff, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single particles and jets in deeply inelastic scattering at low x are measured with the H1 detector in the region away from the current jet and towards the proton remnant, known as the forward region. Hadronic final state measurements in this region are expected to be particularly sensitive to QCD evolution effects. Jet cross-sections are presented as a function of Bjorken-x for forward jets produced with a polar angle to the proton direction, theta, in the range 7 < theta < 20 degrees. Azimuthal correlations are studied between the forward jet and the scattered lepton. Charged and neutral single particle production in the forward region are measured as a function of Bjorken-x, in the range 5 < theta < 25 degrees, for particle transverse momenta larger than 1 GeV. QCD based Monte Carlo predictions and analytical calculations based on BFKL, CCFM and DGLAP evolution are compared to the data. Predictions based on the DGLAP approach fail to describe the data, except for those which allow for a resolved photon contribution.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables, submitted to Nucl. Phys. B
New Source Term for QGP Formation in the Background-Field Model
Creators: name: Bhalerao, R. S.
name: Ravishankar, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider pair production in a space-time-dependent background field and derive a source term, i.e., production rate in the one-particle phase space. Such a source term is required in Boltzmann-equation-based models of quark-gluon plasma formation and evolution. We compare the source term derived here with the one that has been used in the literature so far. Significant differences are observed.
description: 12 pages latex and 4 post-script figures
Additional file 2: of Measurement error in a multi-level analysis of air pollution and health: a simulation study
Creators: name: Butland, Barbara
name: Samoli, Evangelia
name: Atkinson, Richard
name: Barratt, Benjamin
name: Klea Katsouyanni
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Further details of equations (5–7) used to express “pseudo” model data in terms of spatial and temporal correlations (αs and αt) and variance ratios (γs and γt). (DOCX 16 kb)
REVOLUTIONIZING CONSTRUCTION: THE EFFICIENCY OF PRECAST CONCRETE INSTALLATION
Creators: name: Chen, Mei Ling
Publisher: name: ZAP Journals
Year: 2024
Subjects: Precast Concrete
Prefabrication Technology
Construction Efficiency
Off-site Manufacturing Structural Installation

description: The utilization of precast concrete components traces its roots back to the time of the Roman Empire, where early forms of concrete were employed in the construction of tunnels, aqueducts, and culverts. This innovative construction approach, involving the placement of limestone, sands, and water into molds, marked the inception of precast concrete construction and prefabrication technology. The essence of this technique lies in the preparation of components off-site, reducing construction time significantly. Unlike cast-in-site construction, where waiting for concrete to reach full strength is imperative, precast concrete components are pre-manufactured, allowing for a streamlined and efficient construction process. Furthermore, the installation of precast structures requires minimal on-site construction workers.
Spin-triplet superconducting pairing due to local (Hund's rule, Dirac) exchange
Creators: name: Spalek, Jozef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss general implications of the local spin-triplet pairing among fermions induced by local ferromagnetic exchange, example of which is the Hund's rule coupling. The quasiparticle energy and their wave function are determined for the three principal phases with the gap, which is momentum independent. We utilize the Bogolyubov-Nambu-De Gennes approach, which in the case of triplet pairing in the two-band case leads to the four-components wave function. Both gapless modes and those with an isotropic gap appear in the quasiparticle spectrum. A striking analogy with the Dirac equation is briefly explored. This type of pairing is relevant to relativistic fermions as well, since it reflects the fundamental discrete symmetry-particle interchange. A comparison with the local interband spin-singlet pairing is also made.
description: 16 pages, LaTex, submitted to Phys. Rev. B
Catalog of quasars from the Kilo-Degree Survey Data Release 3
Creators: name: Nakoneczny, S.
name: Bilicki, M.
name: Solarz, A.
name: Pollo, A.
name: Maddox, N.
name: Spiniello, C.
name: Brescia, M.
name: Napolitano, N. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a catalog of quasars selected from broad-band photometric ugri data of the Kilo-Degree Survey Data Release 3 (KiDS DR3). The QSOs are identified by the random forest (RF) supervised machine learning model, trained on SDSS DR14 spectroscopic data. We first cleaned the input KiDS data from entries with excessively noisy, missing or otherwise problematic measurements. Applying a feature importance analysis, we then tune the algorithm and identify in the KiDS multiband catalog the 17 most useful features for the classification, namely magnitudes, colors, magnitude ratios, and the stellarity index. We used the t-SNE algorithm to map the multi-dimensional photometric data onto 2D planes and compare the coverage of the training and inference sets. We limited the inference set to r<22 to avoid extrapolation beyond the feature space covered by training, as the SDSS spectroscopic sample is considerably shallower than KiDS. This gives 3.4 million objects in the final inference sample, from which the random forest identified 190,000 quasar candidates. Accuracy of 97%, purity of 91%, and completeness of 87%, as derived from a test set extracted from SDSS and not used in the training, are confirmed by comparison with external spectroscopic and photometric QSO catalogs overlapping with the KiDS footprint. The robustness of our results is strengthened by number counts of the quasar candidates in the r band, as well as by their mid-infrared colors available from WISE. An analysis of parallaxes and proper motions of our QSO candidates found also in Gaia DR2 suggests that a probability cut of p(QSO)>0.8 is optimal for purity, whereas p(QSO)>0.7 is preferable for better completeness. Our study presents the first comprehensive quasar selection from deep high-quality KiDS data and will serve as the basis for versatile studies of the QSO population detected by this survey.
description: Data available from the KiDS website at http://kids.strw.leidenuniv.nl/DR3/quasarcatalog.php and the source code from https://github.com/snakoneczny/kids-quasars
Additional file 1: of Dynamic prediction of repeated events data based on landmarking model: application to colorectal liver metastases data
Creators: name: Yokota, Isao
name: Matsuyama, Yutaka
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Appendix A short explanation of product-integral. (PDF 56 kb)
Remote management aspects
Creators: name: FUNK, Philippe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 130203 Economics, Business and Management Curriculum and Pedagogy
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: 130304 Educational Administration, Management and Leadership
subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 150307 Innovation and Technology Management
subject: 150305 Human Resources Management
subject: 150310 Organisation and Management Theory
subject: 150312 Organisational Planning and Management
subject: 150301 Business Information Management (incl. Records, Knowledge and Information Management, and Intelligence)
subject: 80708 Records and Information Management (excl. Business Records and Information Management)
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: The article is about how technology enables global remote workforce to interact.
Theory of Superconducting $T_{c}$ of doped fullerenes
Creators: name: Alexandrov, A. S.
name: Kabanov, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop the nonadiabatic polaron theory of superconductivity of $M_{x}C_{60}$ taking into account the polaron band narrowing and realistic electron-phonon and Coulomb interactions. We argue that the crossover from the BCS weak-coupling superconductivity to the strong-coupling polaronic and bipolaronic superconductivity occurs at the BCS coupling constant $λ\sim 1$ independent of the adiabatic ratio, and there is nothing ``beyond'' Migdal's theorem except small polarons for any realistic electron-phonon interaction. By the use of the polaronic-type function and the ``exact'' diagonalization in the truncated Hilbert space of vibrons (``phonons'') we calculate the ground state energy and the electron spectral density of the $C_{60}^{-}$ molecule. This allows us to describe the photoemission spectrum of $C_{60}^{-}$ in a wide energy region and determine the electron-phonon interaction. The strongest coupling is found with the high-frequency pinch $A_{g2}$ mode and with the Frenkel exciton. We clarify the crucial role of high-frequency bosonic excitations in doped fullerenes which reduce the bare bandwidth and the Coulomb repulsion allowing the intermediate and low-frequency phonons to couple two small polarons in a Cooper pair. The Eliashberg-type equations are solved for low-frequency phonons. The value of the superconducting $T_{c}$, its pressure dependence and the isotope effect are found to be in a remarkable agreement with the available experimental data.
description: 20 pages, Latex, 4 figures available upon request
Gauge invariant renormalizability of quantum gravity
Creators: name: Lavrov, Peter M.
name: Shapiro, Ilya L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the Batalin-Vilkovisky technique and the background field method the proof of gauge invariant renormalizability is elaborated for a generic model of quantum gravity which is diffeomorphism invariant and has no other, potentially anomalous, symmetries. The gauge invariant renormalizability means that in all orders of loop expansion of the quantum effective action one can control deformations of the generators of gauge transformations which leave such an action invariant. In quantum gravity this means that one can maintain general covariance of the divergent part of effective action when the mean quantum field, ghosts and antifields are switched off.
description: 36 pages,v2: Extended version, new discussions of the weight operators in superrenormalizable models and a short historical review included, v3:`Extended version, includes new section about multi-loop renormalization and some other discussions, accepted in PRD
Confronting SUSY SO(10) with updated Lattice and Neutrino Data
Creators: name: Deppisch, Thomas
name: Schacht, Stefan
name: Spinrath, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an updated fit of supersymmetric SO(10) models to quark and lepton masses and mixing parameters. Including latest results from lattice QCD determinations of quark masses and neutrino oscillation data, we show that fits neglecting supersymmetric threshold corrections are strongly disfavoured in our setup. Only when we include these corrections we find good fit points. We present $χ^2$-profiles for the threshold parameters, which show that in our setup the thresholds related to the third generation of fermions exhibit two rather narrow minima.
description: 23 pages, 3 figures, and 5 tables; version published in JHEP
Partitioning of a Polymer Chain between Two Confining Cavities: The Roles of Excluded Volume and Finite Size Conduits
Creators: name: Tsonchev, S.
name: Coalson, R. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lattice-field calculations are performed on a Gaussian polymer chain confined to move within the region defined by two fused spheres. The results of the calculations are in accord with recent experimental measurements and computer simulations, and suggest that current theoretical understanding of polymer partitioning phenomena is not adequate when excluded volume interactions between the monomers are present. It is also shown that the notion of ground state dominance can fail even in the large monomer limit.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, Latex
Exotic compact objects with soft hair
Creators: name: Raposo, Guilherme
name: Pani, Paolo
name: Emparan, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the lack of a general parametrization for exotic compact objects, we construct a class of perturbative solutions valid for small (but otherwise generic) multipolar deviations from a Schwarzschild metric in general relativity. We introduce two classes of exotic compact objects, with "soft" and "hard" hair, for which the curvature at the surface is respectively comparable to or much larger than that at the corresponding black-hole horizon. We extend the Hartle-Thorne formalism to relax the assumption of equatorial symmetry and to include deformations induced by multipole moments higher than the spin, thus constructing the most general, axisymmetric quasi-Schwarzschild solution to Einstein's vacuum equations. We explicitly construct several particular solutions of objects with soft hair, which might be useful for tests of quasi-black-hole metrics, and also to study deformed neutron stars. We show that the more compact a soft exotic object is, the less hairy it will be. All its multipole moments can approach their corresponding Kerr values only in two ways as their compactness increases: either logarithmically (or faster) if the moments are spin-induced, or linearly (or faster) otherwise. Our results suggest that it is challenging (but possibly feasible with next-generation gravitational-wave detectors) to distinguish Kerr black holes from a large class of ultracompact exotic objects on the basis of their different multipolar structure.
description: 16 pages, 1 figure. Online repository with explicit solutions and embedding diagrams available at https://www.darkgra.org/projects.html ; Version accepted to PRD
Gambaran Penerapan Hak Cipta dan Lisensi dikalangan Pengelola Jurnal di Indonesia versi salindia
Creators: name: Ratodi, Muhamad
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: open license

description: materi salindia dari naskah yang diunggah di https://rinarxiv.lipi.go.id/lipi/preprint/view/3
description: asd
Additional file 1: of Measurement error in a multi-level analysis of air pollution and health: a simulation study
Creators: name: Butland, Barbara
name: Samoli, Evangelia
name: Atkinson, Richard
name: Barratt, Benjamin
name: Klea Katsouyanni
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Full set of results from the analysis of NO2 monitor data. (DOCX 1330 kb)
Goniatites de Haan 1825
Creators: name: Korn, Dieter
name: Ebbighausen, Volker
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Cephalopoda
Goniatitida
Goniatitidae
Goniatites

description: Genus Goniatites de Haan, 1825
Type species
Conchiliolithus Nautilites (sphaericus) Martin, 1809 [nomen nudum] = Ammonites sphaericus Sowerby, 1814 (Opinion 420; ICZN 1956).
description: Published as part of Korn, Dieter & Ebbighausen, Volker, 2025, Late Viséan (Mississippian) ammonoids (Cephalopoda) from the Central Moroccan Meseta, pp. 50-93 in European Journal of Taxonomy 989 on page 55, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.989.2885, http://zenodo.org/record/15298185
Correlations between D and $\bar{D}$ mesons produced in 500 GeV/c $π^-$-nucleon interactions
Creators: name: Aitala, E. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of correlations between D and $\bar{D}$ mesons produced in 500 GeV/$c$ $π^-$-nucleon interactions, based on data from experiment E791 at Fermilab. We have fully reconstructed $791 \pm 44$ charm meson pairs to study correlations between the transverse and longitudinal momenta of the two D mesons and the relative production rates for different types of D meson pairs. We see slight correlations between the longitudinal momenta of the D and the $\bar D$, and significant correlations between the azimuthal angle of the D and the $\bar D$. The experimental distributions are compared to a next-to-leading-order QCD calculation and to predictions of the {\sc Pythia/Jetset} Monte Carlo event generator. We observe less correlation between transverse momenta and different correlations between longitudinal momenta than these models predict for the default values of the model parameters. Better agreement between data and theory might be achieved by tuning the model parameters or by adding higher order perturbative terms, thus contributing to a better understanding of charm production. The relative production rates for the four sets of charm pairs, $D^0\bar{D}^{0}$, $D^0D^-$, $D^+\bar{D}^{0}$, $D^+D^-$, as calculated in the {\sc Pythia/Jetset} event generator with the default parameters, agree with data as far as the relative ordering, but predict too many $D^+\bar{D}^{0}$ pairs and too few $D^+D^-$ pairs.
description: Our paper has been published in EJPC. The replacement includes the published version, and the accompanying style file
Quantized conductance through a spin-selective atomic point contact
Creators: name: Lebrat, Martin
name: Häusler, Samuel
name: Fabritius, Philipp
name: Husmann, Dominik
name: Corman, Laura
name: Esslinger, Tilman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We implement a microscopic spin filter for cold fermionic atoms in a quantum point contact (QPC) and create fully spin-polarized currents while retaining conductance quantization. Key to our scheme is a near-resonant optical tweezer inducing a large effective Zeeman shift inside the QPC while its local character limits dissipation. We observe a renormalization of this shift due to interactions of a few atoms in the QPC. Our work represents the analog of an actual spintronic device and paves the way to studying the interplay between spin-splitting and interactions far from equilibrium.
description: see also companion paper arXiv:1907.06436
Tubulifera
Creators: name: Mound, Laurence A.
name: Wells, Alice
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Oecophoridae
Tubulifera

description: Suborder Tubulifera   Only a single family of extant species is recognised in this suborder the Phlaeothripidae, and 19 species of this family are listed here from Lord Howe Island. Four of these are spore-feeding members of the Idolothripinae, and although three are native to Australia, Nesothrips lativentris possibly came originally from some other Pacific territory (Eow et al. 2014). The other 15 species are members of the Phlaeothripinae. One of these is the widespread Oriental flower-living species, Haplothrips ganglbaueri, and three (Hoplothrips orientalis, Karnyothrips melaleucus, Macrophthalmothrips argus) are Asian species commonly associated with dead branches (Mound & Tree 2022). Five species, all fungus-feeding on dead branches or in leaf litter, are part of the Australian mainland fauna, and six are considered endemic to Lord Howe Island. Again, these endemics are all associated with dead plant tissues, presumably feeding on fungal hyphae. However, the habits of Haplothrips howei remain unknown: it could be leaf-feeding, fungus-feeding or even predatory. The only known radiation on the island within any of the Tubulifera genera concerns the genus Baenothrips, and this genus is discussed here in greater detail.
description: Published as part of Mound, Laurence A. & Wells, Alice, 2023, Endemism among Lord Howe IslandThysanoptera, with new species of Baenothrips (Phlaeothripidae) and Scirtothrips (Thripidae), pp. 81-91 in Zootaxa 5228 (1) on page 82, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5228.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/7524128
Nonequilibrium dynamics induced by scattering forces for optically trapped nanoparticles in strongly inertial regimes
Creators: name: Amarouchene, Yacine
name: Mangeat, Matthieu
name: Montes, Benjamin Vidal
name: Ondic, Lukas
name: Guérin, Thomas
name: Dean, David. S.
name: Louyer, Yann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a first approximation, the forces acting on optically trapped particles are commonly assumed to be conservative. The influence of the nonconservative force has been shown to be negligible in overdamped liquid environments. However, its impact in the underdamped regime remains unexplored. Here, we experimentally study the combined effects of gradient and scattering forces on the nonlinear dynamics of trapped particles at various air pressures, leading to significant low-frequency noise excess along the optical axis and the emergence of toroidal Brownian vortices. Our results supported, by numerical simulations and a theoretical model, provide fundamental insights into the functioning of optical tweezers and a means for investigating nonequilibrium steady states in the presence of nonconservative forces.
Enhanced J/psi suppression due to gluon depletion
Creators: name: Hwa, R. C.
name: Pisut, J.
name: Pisutova, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nonlinear effect of gluon depletion in the collision of large nuclei can be large. It is due to multiple scatterings among comoving partons initiated by primary scattering of partons in the colliding nuclei. The effect can give rise to substantial suppression of $J/ψ$ production in very large nuclei, even if the linear depletion effect is insignificant for the collisions of nuclei of smaller sizes. This mechanism offers a natural explanation of the enhanced suppression in the Pb-Pb data recently observed by NA50.
description: 6 pages + 2 figures (in ps file), LaTex, submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett
Single-Electron Parametron: Reversible Computation in a Discrete State System
Creators: name: Likharev, Konstantin K.
name: Korotkov, Alexander N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have analyzed energy dissipation in a digital device (``Single-Electron Parametron'') in which discrete degrees of freedom are used for presenting digital information. If the switching speed is not too high, the device may operate reversibly (adiabatically), and the energy dissipation ${\cal E}$ per bit may be much less than the thermal energy $k_BT$. The energy-time product ${\cal E}τ$ is, however, much larger than Planck's constant $\hbar $, at least in the standard ``orthodox'' model of single-electron tunneling, which was used in our calculations.
description: 9 pages, RevTex, 3 figures
Black hole masses of tidal disruption event host galaxies II
Creators: name: Wevers, Thomas
name: Stone, Nicholas C.
name: van Velzen, Sjoert
name: Jonker, Peter G.
name: Hung, Tiara
name: Auchettl, Katie
name: Gezari, Suvi
name: Onori, Francesca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new medium resolution, optical long-slit spectra of a sample of 6 UV/optical and 15 X-ray selected tidal disruption event candidate host galaxies. We measure emission line ratios from the optical spectra, finding that the large majority of hosts are quiescent galaxies, while those displaying emission lines are generally consistent with star-formation dominated environments; only 3 sources show clear evidence of nuclear activity. We measure bulge velocity dispersions using absorption lines and infer host black hole (BH) masses using the M-$σ$ relation. While the optical and X-ray host BH masses are statistically consistent with coming from the same parent distribution, the optical host distribution has a visible peak near $M_{\rm BH} \sim 10^6 M_\odot$, whereas the X-ray host distribution appears flat in $M_{\rm BH}$. We find a subset of X-ray selected candidates that are hosted in galaxies significantly less luminous (M$_{\rm g}$$\sim$-16) and less massive (stellar mass$\sim$10$^{8.5-9}$M$_{\odot}$) than those of optical events. Using statistical tests we find suggestive evidence that, in terms of black hole mass, stellar mass and absolute magnitude, the hard X-ray hosts differ from the UV/optical and soft X-ray samples. Similar to individual studies, we find that the emission region size for the X-ray sample is much smaller than the optical emission region, consistent with a compact accretion disk. We find a typical Eddington ratio of the X-ray emission is $\sim$0.01, as opposed to the optical events which have L$_{\rm BB}$$\sim$L$_{\rm Edd}$.
description: Version accepted for publication
Undiscovered pulsar in the Local Bubble as an explanation of the local high energy cosmic ray all-electron spectrum
Creators: name: López-Coto, R.
name: Parsons, R. D.
name: Hinton, J. A.
name: Giacinti, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmic ray electrons and positrons are tracers of particle propagation in the interstellar medium (ISM). A recent measurement performed using H.E.S.S. extends the all-electron (electron+positron) spectrum up to 20TeV, probing very local sources and transport due to the $\sim$10~kyr cooling time of these particles. An additional key local measurement was the recent estimation of the ISM diffusion coefficient around Geminga performed using HAWC. The inferred diffusion coefficient is much lower than typically assumed values. It has been argued that if this diffusion coefficient is representative of the local ISM, pulsars would not be able to account for the all-electron spectrum measured at the Earth. Here we show that a low diffusion coefficient in the local ISM is compatible with a pulsar wind nebula origin of the highest energy electrons, if a so far undiscovered pulsar with spin-down power $\sim 10^{33-34}$ erg/s exists within 30 to 80~pc of the Earth. The existence of such a pulsar is broadly consistent with the known population and may be detected in near future survey observations.
description: Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 251106
Agroforestry on municipally owned sites - example Donzdorf (Germany)
Creators: name: Krause, Georg
name: Chalmin, Anja
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015

description: Donzdorf is a city of 11.000 inhabitants in the Stuttgart area of Germany at the fringe of the Schwäbische Alb mountains. The region is located in the transitional zone between urban and rural area and characterized by its traditional fruit orchards. Between 2007 and 2010 the city established five agroforestry plots with trees for valuable timber production on city-owned land, sized 0,15 to 0,75 ha. The city decided for valuable timber trees, among other reasons because it couldn’t guarantee the maintenance of traditional orchard trees on the selected plots in the long-term.
Ordering in the dilute weakly-anisotropic antiferromagnet Mn(0.35)Zn(0.65)F2
Creators: name: Montenegro, F. C.
name: Belanger, D. P.
name: Slanic, Z.
name: Fernandez-Baca, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The highly diluted antiferromagnet Mn(0.35)Zn(0.65)F2 has been investigated by neutron scattering in zero field. The Bragg peaks observed below the Neel temperature TN (approximately 10.9 K) indicate stable antiferromagnetic long-range ordering at low temperature. The critical behavior is governed by random-exchange Ising model critical exponents (nu approximately 0.69 and gamma approximately 1.31), as reported for Mn(x)Zn(1-x)F2 with higher x and for the isostructural compound Fe(x)Zn(1-x)F2. However, in addition to the Bragg peaks, unusual scattering behavior appears for |q|>0 below a glassy temperature Tg approximately 7.0 K. The glassy region T
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 3: of Pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with mustard gas lung disease: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Moghadam, Mohamad Sedighi
name: Ghanei, Mostafa
name: Kenn, Klaus
name: Hopkinson, Nicholas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Participation in the Pulmonary Rehabilitation Project (Persian version). (DOCX 23 kb)
Effect of magnetic fluctuations on the normal state properties of Sr_2RuO_4
Creators: name: Noce, Canio
name: Busiello, Gaetano
name: Cuoco, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the normal state transport properties of Sr$_2$RuO$_4 $ and we show that a consistent explanation of the experimental results can be obtained assuming that the system is near a quantum phase transition. Within the framework of a self-consistent spin fluctuation theory, we calculate the temperature variation of some relevant physical quantities and we discuss a possible microscopic origin of the quantum phase transition.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, to appear on Europhysics Letters
Efficiency of a cyclic quantum heat engine with finite-size baths
Creators: name: Mohammady, M. Hamed
name: Romito, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate the relationship between the efficiency of a cyclic quantum heat engine with the Hilbert space dimension of the thermal baths. By means of a general inequality, we show that the Carnot efficiency can be obtained only when both the hot and cold baths are infinitely large. By further introducing a specific model where the baths are constituted of ensembles of finite-dimensional particles, we further demonstrate the relationship between the engine's power and efficiency, with the dimension of the working substance and the bath particles.
Thermodynamic properties of a simple, confining model
Creators: name: Blaschke, D.
name: Roberts, C. D.
name: Schmidt, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the equilibrium thermodynamics of a simple, confining, DSE-model of 2-flavour QCD at finite temperature and chemical potential. The model has two phases: one characterised by confinement and dynamical chiral symmetry breaking; and the other by their absence. The phase boundary is defined by the zero of the vacuum-pressure difference between the confined and deconfined phases. Chiral symmetry restoration and deconfinement are coincident with the transition being of first order, except for $μ=0$, where it is second order. Nonperturbative modifications of the dressed-quark propagator persist into the deconfined domain and lead to a dispersion law modified by a dynamically-generated, momentum-dependent mass-scale. This entails that the Stefan-Boltzmann limit for the bulk thermodynamic quantities is attained only for large values of temperature and chemical potential.
description: 11 pages, LaTeX, epsfig.sty, elsart.sty
Additional file 1: of â We are the ones who should make the decisionâ â knowledge and understanding of the rights-based approach to maternity care among women and healthcare providers
Creators: name: Jolly, Yasmin
name: Mamuda Aminu
name: Mgawadere, Florence
name: Broek, Nynke
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Topic guide: focus group discussions. (DOCX 26 kb)
Maternal immune activation exerts long-term effects on activity and sleep patterns
Creators: name: ElGrawani, Waleed
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Exposure to infectious or noninfectious immune activation during early development posits a serious risk factor for long-term behavioral dysfunctions. Mouse models of maternal immune activation (MIA) have increasingly been used to address such neuronal and behavioral dysfunctions in response to prenatal infections. One commonly employed MIA model involves administering poly(I:C) (= polyriboinosinic-polyribocytdilic acid), a synthetic analog of double-stranded RNA, during gestation, which robustly induces an acute viral-like inflammatory response. Using electroencephalography (EEG) and infrared (IR) activity recordings, we explored alterations in sleep/wake, circadian and locomotor activity patterns on the adult direct descendants of poly(I:C)-treated mothers. Our findings demonstrate that these descendants displayed reduced home cage activity during the (subjective) night under both light/dark or constant darkness conditions. In line, these mice exhibited an increase in non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep duration between (ZT 9-21) as well as an increase in sleep spindles density, EEG hallmark of NREM sleep and potential biomarker for psychiatric disorders, across the light and dark phases. Following sleep deprivation, poly(I:C)-exposed offspring extended NREM sleep duration and prolonged NREM sleep bouts during the dark phase. Additionally, these mice exhibited a significant alteration in NREM sleep EEG spectrum under heightened sleep pressure. Together, our study highlights the lasting effects of infection and/or immune activation during pregnancy on circulation activity and sleep/wake patterns in the offspring.
Multiband Electronic Raman Scattering in Bilayer Superconductors
Creators: name: Devereaux, T. P.
name: Virosztek, A.
name: Zawadowski, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A theory of electronic Raman scattering in the presence of several energy bands crossing the Fermi surface is developed. The contributions to the light scattering cross section are calculated for each band and it is shown that the cross section can be written in terms of the sum of the single band contributions and a mixing term which only contributes to the fully symmetric channels $(A_{1g})$. Particular emphasis is placed on screening in bilayer superconductors. Since any charge fluctuation with long range character in real space is screened by the Coulomb interaction, the relevant fluctuations in a single layer case are induced between different parts of the Fermi surface. In a single band $d$-wave superconductor the scattering at energy transfer twice the maximum gap $Δ_{max}$ is dominated by those parts of the Fermi surface where $Δ^2({\bf k})$ is largest. As a consequence, the fully symmetric ($A_{1g}$) scattering is screened. In the case of a bilayer superconductor however, the charge transfer is possible between layers inside the unit cell. Therefore a formalism is considered which is valid for general band structure, superconducting energy gaps, and inter-layer hopping matrix elements. The spectra is calculated for La 2:1:4 and Y 1:2:3 as representative single and bilayer superconductors. The mixing term is found to be negligible and thus the response is well approximated by the sum of the contributions from the individual bands. The theory imposes strong constraints on both the magnitude and symmetry of the energy gap for the bilayer cuprates, and indicates that a nearly identical energy gap of $d_{x^{2}-y^{2}}$ symmetry provides a best fit to the data. However, the $A_{1g}$ part of the spectrum depends sensitively on many parameters.
description: Previous version has been changed to include a more general discussion of the role of band structure, energy gap, and Raman vertex harmonics on the resulting Raman spectra in unconventional superconducting bilayers. A previous numerical error for the A1g spectra is remedied and readdressed. Two additional figures are included. 14 pages Revtex + 8 Figures.
The scalarised Schwarzschild-NUT spacetime
Creators: name: Brihaye, Yves
name: Herdeiro, Carlos
name: Radu, Eugen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has recently been suggested that vacuum black holes of General Relativity (GR) can become spontaneously scalarised when appropriate non-minimal couplings to curvature invariants are considered. These models circumvent the standard black hole no scalar hair theorems of GR, allowing both the standard GR solutions and new scalarised ($a.k.a.$ hairy) solutions, which in some cases are thermodynamically preferred. Up to now, however, only (static and spherically symmetric) scalarised Schwarzschild solutions have been considered. It would be desirable to take into account the effect of rotation; however, the higher curvature invariants introduce a considerable challenge in obtaining the corresponding scalarised rotating black holes. As a toy model for rotation, we present here the scalarised generalisation of the Schwarzschild-NUT solution, taking either the Gauss-Bonnet (GB) or the Chern-Simons (CS) curvature invariant. The NUT charge $n$ endows spacetime with "rotation", but the angular dependence of the corresponding scalarised solutions factorises, leading to a considerable technical simplification. For GB, but not for CS, scalarisation occurs for $n=0$. This basic difference leads to a distinct space of solutions in the CS case, in particular exhibiting a double branch structure. In the GB case, increasing the horizon area demands a stronger non-minimal coupling for scalarisation; in the CS case, due to the double branch structure, both this and the opposite trend are found. We briefly comment also on the scalarised Reissner-Nordström-NUT solutions.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures; v2: references added
On Wilson loops for two touching circles with opposite orientation
Creators: name: Dorn, Harald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Wilson loops for contours formed by a consecutive passage of two touching circles with a common tangent, but opposite orientation. The calculations are performed in lowest nontrivial order for ${\cal N}=4$ SYM at weak and strong coupling and for QCD at weak coupling. After subtracting the standard linear divergence proportional to the length, as well the recently analysed spike divergence, we get for the renormalised Wilson loops $\mbox{log}~W_{\mbox{\scriptsize ren}}=0$. The result holds for circles with different radii and arbitrary angle between the discs spanned by them.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures, version to appear in Journal of Physics A
Maternal immune activation exerts long-term effects on activity and sleep patterns
Creators: name: ElGrawani, Waleed
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Exposure to infectious or noninfectious immune activation during early development posits a serious risk factor for long-term behavioral dysfunctions. Mouse models of maternal immune activation (MIA) have increasingly been used to address such neuronal and behavioral dysfunctions in response to prenatal infections. One commonly employed MIA model involves administering poly(I:C) (= polyriboinosinic-polyribocytdilic acid), a synthetic analog of double-stranded RNA, during gestation, which robustly induces an acute viral-like inflammatory response. Using electroencephalography (EEG) and infrared (IR) activity recordings, we explored alterations in sleep/wake, circadian and locomotor activity patterns on the adult direct descendants of poly(I:C)-treated mothers. Our findings demonstrate that these descendants displayed reduced home cage activity during the (subjective) night under both light/dark or constant darkness conditions. In line, these mice exhibited an increase in non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep duration between (ZT 9-21) as well as an increase in sleep spindles density, EEG hallmark of NREM sleep and potential biomarker for psychiatric disorders, across the light and dark phases. Following sleep deprivation, poly(I:C)-exposed offspring extended NREM sleep duration and prolonged NREM sleep bouts during the dark phase. Additionally, these mice exhibited a significant alteration in NREM sleep EEG spectrum under heightened sleep pressure. Together, our study highlights the lasting effects of infection and/or immune activation during pregnancy on circulation activity and sleep/wake patterns in the offspring.
Spin Injection in a Ballistic Two-Dimensional Electron Gas
Creators: name: Tang, H. X.
name: Monzon, F. G.
name: Lifshitz, Ron
name: Cross, M. C.
name: Roukes, M. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore electrically injected, spin polarized transport in a ballistic two-dimensional electron gas. We augment the Buettiker-Landauer picture with a simple, but realistic model for spin-selective contacts to describe multimode reservoir-to-reservoir transport of ballistic spin 1/2 particles. Clear and unambiguous signatures of spin transport are established in this regime, for the simplest measurement configuration that demonstrates them directly. These new effects originate from spin precession of ballistic carriers; they exhibit strong dependence upon device geometry and vanish in the diffusive limit. Our results have important implications for prospective ``spin transistor'' devices.
description: Submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett
Mean Field Fluid Behavior of the Gaussian Core Model
Creators: name: Louis, A. A.
name: Bolhuis, P. G.
name: Hansen, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the Gaussian core model of particles interacting via a penetrable repulsive Gaussian potential, first considered by Stillinger (J. Chem. Phys. 65, 3968 (1976)), behaves like a weakly correlated ``mean field fluid'' over a surprisingly wide density and temperature range. In the bulk the structure of the fluid phase is accurately described by the random phase approximation for the direct correlation function, and by the more sophisticated HNC integral equation. The resulting pressure deviates very little from a simple, mean-field like, quadratic form in the density, while the low density virial expansion turns out to have an extremely small radius of convergence. Density profiles near a hard wall are also very accurately described by the corresponding mean-field free-energy functional. The binary version of the model exhibits a spinodal instability against de-mixing at high densities. Possible implications for semi-dilute polymer solutions are discussed.
description: 13 pages, 2 columns, ReVTeX epsfig,multicol,amssym, 15 figures; submitted to Phys. Rev. E (change: important reference added)