title: ÐÐ¾Ð²ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÑÑÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð¾Ð³Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐ´Ð½ÑÑ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ð¾Ð² Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð±Ð¾ÑÑÐ±Ñ Ñ Ð·Ð¸Ð¼Ð½ÐµÐ¹ ÑÐºÐ¾Ð»ÑÐ·ÐºÐ¾ÑÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° Ð°Ð²ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð¾Ð±Ð¸Ð»ÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð´Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð³Ð°Ñ
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¼Ð°Ð³Ð¸ÑÑÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Increasing the effectiveness of the use of anti-icing materials to combat winter slipperiness on roads
Creators: name: Ð ÑÐ·Ð°Ð½ÑÐµÐ², ÐÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2023
Subjects: ÐÐ²ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð¾Ð±Ð¸Ð»ÑÐ½ÑÐµ Ð´Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð³Ð¸
ÐÐ²ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð¾Ð±Ð¸Ð»ÑÐ½ÑÐ¹ ÑÑÐ°Ð½ÑÐ¿Ð¾ÑÑ
Ð·Ð¸Ð¼Ð½ÐµÐµ ÑÐ¾Ð´ÐµÑÐ¶Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð°Ð²ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð´Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð³Ð¸
Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð¾Ð³Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐ´Ð½ÑÐµ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ñ
Ð±Ð¾ÑÑÐ±Ð° Ñ Ð·Ð¸Ð¼Ð½ÐµÐ¹ ÑÐºÐ¾Ð»ÑÐ·ÐºÐ¾ÑÑÑÑ
winter road maintenance
anti-ice materials
winter slipper

description: Ð¦ÐµÐ»ÑÑ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ²Ð»ÑÐµÑÑÑ ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ° Ð¿ÑÐ°ÐºÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ ÑÐµÐºÐ¾Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ð´Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾ Ð¿Ð¾Ð²ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÑÑÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¾ÑÐ³Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð·Ð¸Ð¼Ð½ÐµÐ³Ð¾ ÑÐ¾Ð´ÐµÑÐ¶Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð°Ð²ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð¾Ð±Ð¸Ð»ÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð´Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð³ Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð¾Ð³Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐ´Ð½ÑÑ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ð¾Ð² Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð±Ð¾ÑÑÐ±Ñ Ñ Ð·Ð¸Ð¼Ð½ÐµÐ¹ ÑÐºÐ¾Ð»ÑÐ·ÐºÐ¾ÑÑÑÑ. ÐÐ°Ð´Ð°ÑÐ¸, ÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐµ ÑÐµÑÐ°Ð»Ð¸ÑÑ Ð² ÑÐ¾Ð´Ðµ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ: 1. ÐÐ½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð· ÑÐ¾Ð²ÑÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð±Ð¾ÑÑÐ±Ñ Ñ Ð·Ð¸Ð¼Ð½ÐµÐ¹ ÑÐºÐ¾Ð»ÑÐ·ÐºÐ¾ÑÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° Ð°Ð²ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð¾Ð±Ð¸Ð»ÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð´Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð³Ð°Ñ Ð² Ð Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸Ð¹ÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ Ð¤ÐµÐ´ÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¸ Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ¹ Ð·Ð°ÑÑÐ±ÐµÐ¶Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¾Ð¿ÑÑÐ°. 2. Ð£ÑÐ¾ÑÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ ÐºÐ»Ð¸Ð¼Ð°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð¿Ð°ÑÐ°Ð¼ÐµÑÑÐ¾Ð² Ð²Ð»Ð¸ÑÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð½Ð° Ð¾ÑÐ³Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ Ð±Ð¾ÑÑÐ±Ðµ Ñ Ð·Ð¸Ð¼Ð½ÐµÐ¹ ÑÐºÐ¾Ð»ÑÐ·ÐºÐ¾ÑÑÑÑ. 3. ÐÐ±Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð²ÑÐ±Ð¾ÑÐ° ÑÑÑÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½ÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð¾Ð³Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐ´Ð½ÑÑ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ð¾Ð². 4. Ð Ð°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ° Ð¿ÑÐ°ÐºÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ ÑÐµÐºÐ¾Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ð´Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾ Ð¿Ð¾Ð²ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÑÑÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾ Ð»Ð¸ÐºÐ²Ð¸Ð´Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð·Ð¸Ð¼Ð½ÐµÐ¹ ÑÐºÐ¾Ð»ÑÐ·ÐºÐ¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð½Ð° Ð°Ð²ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð¾Ð±Ð¸Ð»ÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð´Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð³Ð°Ñ. Ð ÑÐµÐ·ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÑÐµ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼ÑÐ»Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ñ Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½ÑÐµ Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð½ÑÐ¸Ð¿Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ Ð¿Ð¾Ð²ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÑÑÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð±Ð¾ÑÑÐ±Ñ Ñ Ð·Ð¸Ð¼Ð½ÐµÐ¹ ÑÐºÐ¾Ð»ÑÐ·ÐºÐ¾ÑÑÑÑ, ÑÐ°ÑÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ°Ð½Ñ Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð°ÐºÑÑÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½ÑÐµ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÐµ Ð¾ Ð²Ð¾Ð·Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ð½ÑÑ ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÑÑ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐºÐ¾Ð»ÑÐ·ÐºÐ¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð½Ð° Ð°Ð²ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð¾Ð±Ð¸Ð»ÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð´Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð³Ð°Ñ, Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐµÑ ÑÑÐµÐ´Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ°ÑÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð¹ Ð¿ÐµÑÐµÐ²Ð¾Ð·ÐºÐ¸ ÐÐÐ, Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð° Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¸ÐºÐ° Ð²ÑÐ±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð¾Ð³Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐ´Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ð° Ð½Ð° Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ðµ ÑÑÐ½ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾-ÑÑÐ¾Ð¸Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð°, Ð´Ð°Ð½Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ°ÐºÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ðµ ÑÐµÐºÐ¾Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ð´Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¿Ð¾ Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð¸Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¸ ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÑÑÐµÐ½ÑÑÐ²Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑÐ¾Ð² Ð² Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°ÑÑÐ¸ Ð·Ð¸Ð¼Ð½ÐµÐ³Ð¾ ÑÐ¾Ð´ÐµÑÐ¶Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð°Ð²ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð¾Ð±Ð¸Ð»ÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð´Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð³. Ð Ð°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð²ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð° Ñ Ð¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸ÐµÐ¼ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¾Ð²ÑÑ Ð¸ Ð¸Ð½ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½ÑÑ ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¹. Ð Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐµ Ð¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ: AutoCAD, ÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÐ¹ Ð¼Ð°ÑÑÐ¸Ð² Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÑ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÐºÐ»Ð¸Ð¼Ð°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¹ ÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ-ÐÐ¦Ð, MS Excel, DPLOT.
description: The purpose of the study is to develop practical recommendations for improving the efficiency of organizing winter maintenance of roads and the use of anti-icing materials to combat winter slipperiness. The research set the following goals: 1. Analysis of the current state of the winter slipperiness on roads in the Russian Federation and the features of foreign experience. 2. Refinement of climatic parameters affecting the organization of work to combat winter slipperiness. 3. Rationale for the choice of effective anti-icing materials. 4. Development of practical recommendations for improving the effectiveness of measures to eliminate winter slipperiness on roads. As a result of this work, the main principles for improving the efficiency of combating winter slipperiness are formulated, up-to-date data on possible cases of slipperiness on roads are calculated and presented, the calculation of average distances for the transportation of anti-icing materials is presented, a method for choosing an anti-icing material based on a functional cost analysis is given, practical recommendations for optimizing and improving processes in the field of winter maintenance of roads. The work was done using digital and information technologies. In this work, the following programs were used: AutoCAD, a specialized dataset for climate research VNIIGMI-WDC, MS Excel, DPLOT.