cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Demonstrating Quantum Microscopic Reversibility Using Coherent States of Light
Creators: name: Bellini, Marco
name: Kwon, Hyukjoon
name: Biagi, Nicola
name: Francesconi, Saverio
name: Zavatta, Alessandro
name: Kim, M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The principle of microscopic reversibility lies at the core of fluctuation theorems, which have extended our understanding of the second law of thermodynamics to the statistical level. In the quantum regime, however, this elementary principle should be amended as the system energy cannot be sharply determined at a given quantum phase space point. In this Letter, we propose and experimentally test a quantum generalization of the microscopic reversibility when a quantum system interacts with a heat bath through energy-preserving unitary dynamics. Quantum effects can be identified by noting that the backward process is less likely to happen in the existence of quantum coherence between the system's energy eigenstates. The experimental demonstration has been realized by mixing coherent and thermal states in a beam-splitter, followed by heterodyne detection in an optical setup. We verify that the quantum modification for the principle of microscopic reversibility is critical in the low-temperature limit, while the quantum-to-classical transition is observed as the temperature of the thermal field gets higher.
description: 6+3 pages
The Traditional Courtyard Architectural Components of Eclectic Style Shophouses, George Town, Penang
Creators: name: Zwain, Akram
Publisher: name: TUENGR Group
Year: 2017
Subjects: traditional architecture
courtyard houses
cultural heritage
architectural components.

description: International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies, 8, 2, 69-77
Maximum entropy exploration in contextual bandits with neural networks and energy based models
Creators: name: Elwood, Adam
name: Leonardi, Marco
name: Mohamed, Ashraf
name: Rozza, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Contextual bandits can solve a huge range of real-world problems. However, current popular algorithms to solve them either rely on linear models, or unreliable uncertainty estimation in non-linear models, which are required to deal with the exploration-exploitation trade-off. Inspired by theories of human cognition, we introduce novel techniques that use maximum entropy exploration, relying on neural networks to find optimal policies in settings with both continuous and discrete action spaces. We present two classes of models, one with neural networks as reward estimators, and the other with energy based models, which model the probability of obtaining an optimal reward given an action. We evaluate the performance of these models in static and dynamic contextual bandit simulation environments. We show that both techniques outperform well-known standard algorithms, where energy based models have the best overall performance. This provides practitioners with new techniques that perform well in static and dynamic settings, and are particularly well suited to non-linear scenarios with continuous action spaces.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures
Constraints on horizonless objects after the EHT observation of Sagittarius A*
Creators: name: Carballo-Rubio, Raúl
name: Di Filippo, Francesco
name: Liberati, Stefano
name: Visser, Matt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The images of Sagittarius A$^*$ recently released by the Event Horizon Telescope collaboration have been accompanied [Ap.J.Lett.\,{\bf 930\,\#2}\,(2022)\,L17] by an analysis of the constraints on the possible absence of a trapping horizon, i.e.~on the possibility that the object at the center of our galaxy is an ultra-compact object with a surface re-emitting incident radiation. Indeed, using the observed image size and the broadband spectrum of Sgr A$^*$, it is claimed that the radius of any such thermal surface is strongly bounded from above by these latest observations. Herein, we discuss how the reported constraint relies on the extremely strong assumption of perfect balance in the energy exchange between the accretion disk and the central object, and show that this is violated whenever the surface is endowed with any non-zero absorption coefficient. We discuss in detail the upper-bound constraints that can be cast on the radius and dimensionless absorption coefficient of the surface. We show that the conclusions of the analysis presented by the EHT collaboration hold only for unnaturally small values of the absorption coefficient (i.e. much lower than $10^{-14}$), and thus have to be significantly revised in scenarios with physical significance.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures. Minor changes. Matches published version
Limited preparation contextuality in quantum theory and its relation to the Cirel'son bound
Creators: name: Banik, Manik
name: Bhattacharya, Some Sankar
name: Mukherjee, Amit
name: Roy, Arup
name: Ambainis, Andris
name: Rai, Ashutosh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kochen-Specker (KS) theorem lies at the heart of the foundations of quantum mechanics. It establishes impossibility of explaining predictions of quantum theory by any noncontextual ontological model. Spekkens generalized the notion of KS contextuality in [Phys. Rev. A 71, 052108 (2005)] for arbitrary experimental procedures (preparation, measurement, and transformation procedure). Interestingly, later on it was shown that preparation contextuality powers parity-oblivious multiplexing [Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 010401 (2009)], a two party information theoretic game. Thus, using resources of a given operational theory, the maximum success probability achievable in such a game suffices as a \emph{bona-fide} measure of preparation contextuality for the underlying theory. In this work we show that preparation contextuality in quantum theory is more restricted compared to a general operational theory known as \emph{box world}. Moreover, we find that this limitation of quantum theory implies the quantitative bound on quantum nonlocality as depicted by the Cirel'son bound.
description: (5+4) pages; Accepted in Phys. Rev. A (Rapid Communication). arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:0805.1463 by other authors
SWARMED: Captive Portals, Mobile Devices, and Audience Participation in Multi-User Music Performance
Creators: Hindle, Abram
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2013

Audience participation in computer music has long been limited by resources such as sensor technology or the material goods necessary to share such an instrument. A recent paradigm is to take advantage of the incredible popularity of the smart-phone, a pocket sized computer, and other mobile devices, to provide the audience an interface into a computer music instrument. In this paper we discuss a method of sharing a computer music instrument’s interface with an audience to allow them to interact via their smartphones. We propose a method that is relatively cross-platform and device-agnostic, yet still allows for a rich user-interactive experience. By emulating a captive-portal or hotspot we reduce the adoptability issues and configuration problems facing performers and their audience. We share our experiences with this system, as well as an implementation of the system itself.
Additional file 1 of A scoping review of health literacy in rare disorders: key issues and research directions
Creators: name: Stenberg, Una
name: Westfal, Lydia
name: Dybesland Rosenberger, Andreas
name: Ørstavik, Kristin
name: Flink, Maria
name: Holmen, Heidi
name: Systad, Silje
name: Westermann, Karl Fredrik
name: Velvin, Gry
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1
Taming the late Quaternary phylogeography of the Eurasiatic wild ass through ancient and modern DNA
Creators: name: Geigl, Eva-Maria
name: Mashkour, Marjan
name: Kaczensky, Petra
name: Bǎlǎşescu, Adrian
name: Gündem, Can Y.
name: Morales-Muñiz, Arturo
name: Moullé, Pierre-Elie
name: Bar-David, Shirli
name: Guimaraes, Silvia
name: Peters, Joris
name: Kuehn, Ralph
name: Pruvost, Mélanie
name: Uerpmann, Margarete
name: Davis, Simon J. M.
name: Bennett, E. Andrew
name: Uerpmann, Hans-Peter
name: Ötzan, Aliye
name: Germonpré, Mietje
name: Arbuckle, Benjamin S.
name: Champlot, Sophie
name: Grange, Thierry
name: Gautier, Mathieu
name: Tournepiche, Jean-François
name: Hemami, Mahmoud-Reza
name: Walzer, Chris
name: Pucher, Erich
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Taxonomic over-splitting of extinct or endangered taxa, due to an incomplete knowledge of both skeletal morphological variability and the geographical ranges of past populations, continues to confuse the link between isolated extant populations and their ancestors. This is particularly problematic with the genus Equus. To more reliably determine the evolution and phylogeographic history of the endangered Asiatic wild ass, we studied the genetic diversity and inter-relationships of both extinct and extant populations over the last 100,000 years, including samples throughout its previous range from Western Europe to Southwest and East Asia. Using 229 bp of the mitochondrial hypervariable region, an approach which allowed the inclusion of information from extremely poorly preserved ancient samples, we classify all non-African wild asses into eleven clades that show a clear phylogeographic structure revealing their phylogenetic history. This study places the extinct European wild ass, E. hydruntinus, the phylogeny of which has been debated since the end of the 19th century, into its phylogenetic context within the Asiatic wild asses and reveals recent mitochondrial introgression between populations currently regarded as separate species. The phylogeographic organization of clades resulting from these efforts can be used not only to improve future taxonomic determination of a poorly characterized group of equids, but also to identify historic ranges, interbreeding events between various populations, and the impact of ancient climatic changes. In addition, appropriately placing extant relict populations into a broader phylogeographic and genetic context can better inform ongoing conservation strategies for this highly-endangered species.
The Migdal Effect in Semiconductors for Dark Matter with Masses below $\sim \,$100 MeV
Creators: name: Berghaus, Kim V.
name: Esposito, Angelo
name: Essig, Rouven
name: Sholapurkar, Mukul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark matter scattering off a nucleus has a small probability of inducing an observable ionization through the inelastic excitation of an electron, called the Migdal effect. We use an effective field theory to extend the computation of the Migdal effect in semiconductors to regions of small momentum transfer to the nucleus, where the final state of the nucleus is no longer well described by a plane wave. Our analytical result can be fully quantified by the measurable dynamic structure factor of the semiconductor, which accounts for the vibrational degrees of freedom (phonons) in a crystal. We show that, due to the sum rules obeyed by the structure factor, the inclusive Migdal rate and the shape of the electron recoil spectrum is well captured by approximating the nuclei in the crystal as free ions; however, the exclusive differential rate with respect to energy depositions to the crystal depends on the phonon dynamics encoded in the dynamic structure function of the specific material. Our results now allow the Migdal effect in semiconductors to be evaluated even for the lightest dark matter candidates ($m_χ\gtrsim 1$ MeV) that can kinematically excite electrons.
description: 30 pages, 8 figures
Additional file 9 of A scoping review of health literacy in rare disorders: key issues and research directions
Creators: name: Stenberg, Una
name: Westfal, Lydia
name: Dybesland Rosenberger, Andreas
name: Ørstavik, Kristin
name: Flink, Maria
name: Holmen, Heidi
name: Systad, Silje
name: Westermann, Karl Fredrik
name: Velvin, Gry
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 9
Observational Viability of the Intermediate DBI Inflation in the Presence of a Minimal Length
Creators: name: Rashidi, Narges
name: Roushan, Maryam
name: Nozari, Kourosh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider an intermediate Dirac-Born-Infeld (DBI) inflationary model in the presence of a minimal measurable length in the theory. We show that, the presence of a minimal measurable length modifies the definitions of the scalar and tensor spectral indices and also other inflation observables. This is due to modification of the momentum and corresponding wave number of the perturbations in the presence of a minimal length. By using the deformed definition of the scalar and tensor spectral indices, we perform numerical analysis on the intermediate DBI inflation model to find some constraints on the deformation parameter. In this regard, we compare our numerical results with both Planck2018 TT, TE, EE +lowE +lensing +BAO+ BK14 and Planck2018 TT, TE,EE +lowE+lensing+BK14 +BAO+LIGO $\&$ Virgo2016 data at the $68\%$ CL and $95\%$ CL. Our numerical study shows that the intermediate DBI inflation model in the presence of a minimal measurable length is observationally viable if the upper bound on the deformation parameter to be considered of the order of $10^{48}$ at $68\%$ CL and $10^{49}$ at $95\%$ CL. This is consistent with the results of other approaches to constrain such a quantity.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Photometric studies on the host galaxies of gamma-ray bursts using 3.6m Devasthal Optical Telescope
Creators: name: Gupta, Rahul
name: Pandey, Shashi Bhushan
name: Kumar, Amit
name: Aryan, Amar
name: Ror, Amit Kumar
name: Sharma, Saurabh
name: Misra, Kuntal
name: Castro-Tirado, A. J.
name: Tiwari, Sugriva Nath
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we present multi-band photometric observations and analysis of the host galaxies for a sample of five interesting gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) observed using the 3.6m Devasthal Optical Telescope (DOT) and the back-end instruments. The host galaxy observations of GRBs provide unique opportunities to estimate the stellar mass, ages, star-formation rates, and other vital properties of the burst environments and hence progenitors. We performed a detailed spectral energy distribution (SED) modeling of the five host galaxies using an advanced tool called Prospector, a stellar population synthesis model. Furthermore, we compared the results with a larger sample of well-studied host galaxies of GRBs, supernovae, and normal star-forming galaxies. Our SED modeling suggests that GRB 130603B, GRB 140102A, GRB 190829A, and GRB 200826A have massive host galaxies with high star formation rates (SFRs). On the other hand, a supernovae-connected GRB 030329 has a rare low-mass galaxy with a low star formation rate. We also find that GRB 190829A has the highest (in our sample) amount of visual dust extinction and gas in its local environment of the host, suggesting that the observed very high energy emission from this burst might have a unique local environment. Broadly, the five GRBs in our sample satisfy the typical correlations between host galaxies parameters and these physical parameters are more common to normal star-forming galaxies at the high-redshift Universe. Our results also demonstrate the capabilities of 3.6m DOT and the back-end instruments for the deeper photometric studies of the host galaxies of energetic transients such as GRBs, supernovae, and other transients in the long run.
description: Published version, 17 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables
Do topics make sense to managers and developers?
Creators: Hindle, Abram
Bird, C.
Zimmermann, T.
Nagappan, N.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2014

Large organizations like Microsoft tend to rely on formal requirements documentation in order to specify and design the software products that they develop. These documents are meant to be tightly coupled with the actual implementation of the features they describe. In this paper we evaluate the value of high-level topic-based requirements traceability and issue report traceability in the version control system, using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA). We evaluate LDA topics on practitioners and check if the topics and trends extracted match the perception that industrial Program Managers and Developers have about the effort put into addressing certain topics. We then replicate this study again on Open Source Developers using issue reports from issue trackers instead of requirements, confirming our previous industrial conclusions. We found that efforts extracted as commits from version control systems relevant to a topic often matched the perception of the managers and developers of what actually occurred at that time. Furthermore we found evidence that many of the identified topics made sense to practitioners and matched their perception of what occurred. But for some topics, we found that practitioners had difficulty interpreting and labelling them. In summary, we investigate the high-level traceability of requirements topics and issue/bug report topics to version control commits via topic analysis and validate with the actual stakeholders the relevance of these topics extracted from requirements and issues.
การพัฒนาผลสัมฤทธิ์ทางการเรียนโดยใช้ชุดกิจกรรมการเรียนรู้ 5 ขั้นตอน (QSCCS) ในรายวิชา การใช้โปรแกรมสำนักงานขั้นสูง ของนักศึกษาระดับประกาศนียบัตรวิชาชีพชั้นสูง ปีที่ 1 วิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีปัญญาภิวัฒน์
Creators: name: กิตติ  รัตนราษี
Publisher: name: Siam Technology College
Year: 2018
Subjects: พัฒนาผลสัมฤทธิ์ทางการเรียนกิจกรรมการเรียนรู้ 5 ขั้นตอน (QSCCS), รายวิชาการใช้โปรแกรมสำนักงาน ขั้นสูง

description: วารสารนวัตกรรมและเทคโนโลยีการเรียนรู้วิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีสยาม, 1, 1, 38
Crowdsourced Bug Triaging: Leveraging Q&A Platforms for Bug Assignment
Creators: Badashian, A.S.
Hindle, Abram
Stroulia, E.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2016

Bug triaging, i.e., assigning a bug report to the “best” person to address it, involves identifying a list of developers that are qualified to understand and address the bug report, and then ranking them according to their expertise. Most research in this area examines the description of the bug report and the developers’ prior development and bug-fixing activities. In this paper, we propose a novel method that exploits a new source of evidence for the developers’ expertise, namely their contributions in Stack Overflow, the popular software Question and Answer (Q&A) platform. The key intuition of our method is that the questions a developer asks and answers in Stack Overflow, or more generally in software Q&A platforms, can potentially be an excellent indicator of his/her expertise. Motivated by this idea, our method uses the bug-report description as a guide for selecting relevant Stack Overflow contributions on the basis of which to identify developers with the necessary expertise to close the bug under examination. We evaluated this method in the context of the 20 largest GitHub projects, considering 7144 bug reports. Our results demonstrate that our method exhibits superior accuracy to other state-of-the-art methods.
Additional file 3 of A scoping review of health literacy in rare disorders: key issues and research directions
Creators: name: Stenberg, Una
name: Westfal, Lydia
name: Dybesland Rosenberger, Andreas
name: Ørstavik, Kristin
name: Flink, Maria
name: Holmen, Heidi
name: Systad, Silje
name: Westermann, Karl Fredrik
name: Velvin, Gry
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 3
รูปแบบการบริหารเชิงกลยุทธ์ของโรงเรียนมัธยมศึกษา สังกัดสำนักงานคณะกรรมการการศึกษาขั้นพื้นฐาน
Creators: name: จันทิมา บุญอนันต์วงศ์
Publisher: name: Siam Technology College
Year: 2018
Subjects: รูปแบบการบริหารเชิงกลยุทธ์, โรงเรียนมัธยมศึกษา, สำนักงานคณะกรรมการการศึกษาขั้นพื้นฐาน

description: วารสารนวัตกรรมและเทคโนโลยีการเรียนรู้วิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีสยาม, 1, 1, 49
Spin susceptibility of Anderson impurities in arbitrary conduction bands
Creators: name: Fang, Tie-Feng
name: Tong, Ning-Hua
name: Cao, Zhan
name: Sun, Qing-Feng
name: Luo, Hong-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin susceptibility of Anderson impurities is a key quantity in understanding the physics of Kondo screening. Traditional numerical renormalization group (NRG) calculation of the impurity contribution $χ_{\textrm{imp}}$ to susceptibility, defined originally by Wilson in a flat wide band, has been generalized before to structured conduction bands. The results brought about non-Fermi-liquid and diamagnetic Kondo behaviors in $χ_{\textrm{imp}}$, even when the bands are not gapped at the Fermi energy. Here, we use the full density-matrix (FDM) NRG to present high-quality data for the local susceptibility $χ_{\textrm{loc}}$ and to compare them with $χ_{\textrm{imp}}$ obtained by the traditional NRG. Our results indicate that those exotic behaviors observed in $χ_{\textrm{imp}}$ are unphysical. Instead, the low-energy excitations of the impurity in arbitrary bands only without gap at the Fermi energy are still a Fermi liquid and paramagnetic. We also demonstrate that unlike the traditional NRG yielding $χ_{\textrm{loc}}$ less accurate than $χ_{\textrm{imp}}$, the FDM method allows a high-precision dynamical calculation of $χ_{\textrm{loc}}$ at much reduced computational cost, with an accuracy at least one order higher than $χ_{\textrm{imp}}$. Moreover, artifacts in the FDM algorithm to $χ_{\textrm{imp}}$, and origins of the spurious non-Fermi-liquid and diamagnetic features are clarified. Our work provides an efficient high-precision algorithm to calculate the spin susceptibility of impurity for arbitrary structured bands, while negating the applicability of Wilson's definition to such cases.
description: the published version
Cohesive and Isolated Development with Branches
Creators: Barr, E.T.
Bird, C.
Rigby, P.C.
Hindle, Abram
German, D.M.
Devanbu, P.T.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2012

The adoption of distributed version control (DVC ), such as Git and Mercurial, in open-source software (OSS) projects has been explosive. Why is this and how are projects using DVC? This new generation of version control supports two important new features: distributed repositories and histories that preserve branches and merges. Through interviews with lead developers in OSS projects and a quantitative analysis of mined data from the histories of sixty project, we find that the vast majority of the projects now using DVC continue to use a centralized model of code sharing, while using branching much more extensively than before their transition to DVC. We then examine the Linux history in depth in an effort to understand and evaluate how branches are used and what benefits they provide. We find that they enable natural collaborative processes: DVC branching allows developers to collaborate on tasks in highly cohesive branches, while enjoying reduced interference from developers working on other tasks, even if those tasks are strongly coupled to theirs.
title: Praxisbericht: Evaluation der Frauen-Gemeinschaftsunterkunft des Landkreises Gießen
Creators: name: Hartmann, Melanie
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: Social sciences, sociology, anthropology
Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie

description: Der Landkreis Gießen betreibt seit März 2016 eine Unterkunft für geflüchtete Frau-en in Gießen. Sie dient dem Schutz und der besonderen Unterstützung der Bedarfe al-leinstehender schwangerer Frauen, allein-erziehender Frauen sowie Frauen mit Ge-walterfahrung. In der Unterkunft stehen Zimmer mit eigenen oder gemeinschaftlich genutzten Sanitärräumen, eine Küche, ein Gemeinschaftsbereich, sowie ein Wasch-raum zur Verfügung. Im Zeitraum der Erhebung wurden der Au-torin keine Fälle gewaltsamer Übergriffe gegen Bewohnerinnen, insbesondere keine Fälle von sexueller und genderbasierter Gewalt (SGBV) bekannt. Auch das subjekti-ve Sicherheitsempfinden der Frauen ist ge-nerell als sehr positiv zu werten. Zudem bieten die initiierten, flankierenden Projek-taktivitäten ein erweitertes Unterstüt-zungsangebot und spielen eine wichtige Rolle für das Wohlbefinden und insbeson-dere für das angestrebte (Self-)Empowerment der Frauen. Zusammengefasst lässt sich sagen, dass eine sichere Unterbringung geflüchteter Frauen in der Gemeinschaftsunterkunft in Gießen gegeben ist und insbesondere der Schutz vor SGBV gewährleistet wird. Da-her leistet der Landkreis einen wichtigen Beitrag zum Schutz einer besonders vul-nerablen Gruppe geflüchteter Menschen. Im Falle akuter Gefährdung (bspw. durch partnerschaftliche Gewalt), bleibt der Zu-gang geflüchteter Frauen zu weitergehen-der Schutz-Infrastruktur, bspw. die kurz-fristige Unterbringung in Frauenhäuser, wichtig. Ein Weiterbetreiben der Gemein-schaftsunterkunft zur temporären Unter-bringung geflüchteter Frauen am gegen-wärtigen Standort sowie das Aufrecht-erhalten und Weiterentwickeln der beglei-tenden Aktivitäten wird empfohlen. Sicherheit und Wohlbefinden der Frauen werden sowohl von Faktoren beeinflusst, die unmittelbar auf die Unterbringungssi-tuation zurückzuführen sind, als auch von verschiedenen Kontextfaktoren. Diese sind nachfolgend aufgelistet und werden im Text ausführlicher erläutert.
Additional file 4 of A scoping review of health literacy in rare disorders: key issues and research directions
Creators: name: Stenberg, Una
name: Westfal, Lydia
name: Dybesland Rosenberger, Andreas
name: Ørstavik, Kristin
name: Flink, Maria
name: Holmen, Heidi
name: Systad, Silje
name: Westermann, Karl Fredrik
name: Velvin, Gry
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 4
Takaful Insurance: A Critical Evaluation of Takaful Business in the UAE and its Prospects for Growth
Creators: name: Abu Yazbek, Firas Hasan
Publisher: name: UH Research Archive
Year: 2023
Subjects: Takaful Insurance
Islamic Insurance
Takaful in the UAE
Corporate Governance of Takaful

description: In 1979, the first Takaful insurance was established in Sudan as an alternative option of conventional insurance which is impermissible by Sharia Compliance. The business witnessed a dramatic prosperity during the mid-years of operation in terms of a double-digit growth and increased number of operators. However, this optimistic trend has significantly declined during the last 5 years, mainly in the GCC region which is the home market of Takaful. For rigorous comparability with conventional insurance companies, the UAE market has been chosen as a subject study in this research. Unlike conventional finance, business ethics in Islamic Finance is a case of mandatory religious duty. Using this premise, the case study investigates challenges, constraints and prospects experienced by Takaful business in UAE, as an Islamic financial product. Insights have been drawn from Theory of Constraints (TOC) and Principal Agent Theory for critical analysis of data that was collected from primary and secondary sources. Qualitative-driven mixed research method is used and interviews were held with two business leaders in the UAE along with regulator, Sharia scholar, independent lawyer and two academic researchers. Necessary statistics about Takaful were obtained from secondary sources such as Alpen Capital, Milliman, A.M. Best, Earnest & Young, Badri and the UAE Insurance Authority’ Annual Reports. It has been found that the current structure of Takaful model brings complicated challenges. The concept of conditional donation and imposing Qard Hasan have converted the model into conventional, ineffective corporate governance mechanism, failure of regulatory system to capture the specificities of Takaful and incapability of Sharia scholars to innovate and promote Takaful products of which all work opposite to upward direction of the business. Many recommendations have been proposed to a) convert the hybrid commercial model into Mutual Takaful; otherwise, b) crucial changes are required from business leaders at all organizational levels in terms of operational, regulatory and Sharia Scholarity reforms. Regardless of crucial constraints the business face in its origin markets, taking into account the number of Muslims, the attractive regulatory system which support mutuality and the current call for ethical business, Takaful business could have its way to be established and flourished in western countries. This research provided a comprehensive study about Takaful from its social historical roots to its modern commercial application. This research has made a contribution to the discipline of insurance finance by investigating takaful system and highlighting challenges that are facing the business in the UAE market as a case study. Further areas of researches have also been outlined in this research.
The artificial sweetener acesulfame potassium affects the gut microbiome and body weight gain in CD-1 mice
Creators: name: Ru, Hongyu
name: Chi, Liang
name: Tu, Pengcheng
name: Lu, Kun
name: Bian, Xiaoming
name: Gao, Bei
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Artificial sweeteners have been widely used in the modern diet, and their observed effects on human health have been inconsistent, with both beneficial and adverse outcomes reported. Obesity and type 2 diabetes have dramatically increased in the U.S. and other countries over the last two decades. Numerous studies have indicated an important role of the gut microbiome in body weight control and glucose metabolism and regulation. Interestingly, the artificial sweetener saccharin could alter gut microbiota and induce glucose intolerance, raising questions about the contribution of artificial sweeteners to the global epidemic of obesity and diabetes. Acesulfame-potassium (Ace-K), a FDA-approved artificial sweetener, is commonly used, but its toxicity data reported to date are considered inadequate. In particular, the functional impact of Ace-K on the gut microbiome is largely unknown. In this study, we explored the effects of Ace-K on the gut microbiome and the changes in fecal metabolic profiles using 16S rRNA sequencing and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) metabolomics. We found that Ace-K consumption perturbed the gut microbiome of CD-1 mice after a 4-week treatment. The observed body weight gain, shifts in the gut bacterial community composition, enrichment of functional bacterial genes related to energy metabolism, and fecal metabolomic changes were highly gender-specific, with differential effects observed for males and females. In particular, ace-K increased body weight gain of male but not female mice. Collectively, our results may provide a novel understanding of the interaction between artificial sweeteners and the gut microbiome, as well as the potential role of this interaction in the development of obesity and the associated chronic inflammation.
Simulation of the isotropic ultra-high energy photons flux in the solar magnetic field
Creators: name: Poncyljusz, Bożena
name: Bulik, Tomasz
name: Dhital, Niraj
name: Sushchov, Oleksandr
name: Stuglik, Sławomir
name: Homola, Piotr
name: Alvarez-Castillo, David
name: Piekarczyk, Marcin
name: Wibig, Tadeusz
name: Stasielak, Jaroslaw
name: Kovács, Péter
name: Smelcerz, Katarzyna
name: Frias, M D Rodriguez
name: Niedźwiecki, Michał
name: Miszczyk, Justyna
name: Sośnicki, Tomasz
name: Bibrzycki, Łukasz
name: Tursunov, Arman
name: Del Peral, Luis
name: Rzecki, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Both the lack of observation of ultra-high energy (UHE) photons and the limitations of the state-of-the-art methodology being applied for their identification motivate studies on alternative approaches to the relevant simulations and the related observational strategies. One of such new approaches is proposed in this report and it concerns new observables allowing indirect identification of UHE photons through cosmic ray phenomena composed of many spatially correlated extensive air showers or primary cosmic rays observed at one time. The study is based on simulations of interactions of UHE photons with the magnetic field of the Sun using the PRESHOWER program with some essential modifications. One of the expected results of such interactions is a generation of cosmic ray ensembles (CRE) in the form of very thin and very elongated cascades of secondary photons of energies spanning the whole cosmic ray energy spectrum. Upon entering the Earth's atmosphere, these cascades or their parts may generate uniquely characteristic walls of spatially correlated extensive air showers, and the effect is expected also in cases when primary UHE photons are not directed towards the Earth. Particle distributions in these multi-primary UHE photon footprints are expected to have thicknesses of the order of meters and elongations reaching even hundreds of millions kilometers, making them potentially observable with a global, multi-experiment approach, including re-exploring of the historical data, with the expected event rate exceeding the capabilities of even very large cosmic ray observatories. The methods described in this report allow for simulating potentially observable quantities related to CRE induced by UHE photons: densities, energy spectra and geographical orientations of particles at the top of the Earth's atmosphere.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures
$γ$-ray observations of extraterrestrial neutrino track event positions
Creators: name: Brown, Anthony M.
name: Adams, Jenni
name: Chadwick, Paula M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we report the results of a $γ$-ray study of IceCube's extraterrestrial neutrino candidates detected as track-like events. Using 70 months of Fermi-LAT observations, a likelihood analysis of all $1-300$ GeV photons within 5 degrees of the track-like neutrino candidates' origin was undertaken, to search for spatially coincident $γ$-ray emission. One of IceCube's HESE track events was found to be spatially coincident with a $γ$-ray bright active galactic nucleus (AGN), PKS 0723-008. We find however, that the chance probability for Fermi-LAT detected AGN to be spatially coincident with a single HESE track-like event is high ($\sim37$\%). We therefore find no evidence of $γ$-ray emission associated with the detection of IceCube's HESE track-like neutrino candidates. Upper limits were calculated in the energy range of $1-300$ GeV, assuming a point source origin for the neutrino events considered. The implications for the non-detection of $γ$-ray emission from the source of the HESE track-like events are briefly discussed. The large time period analysed in our study did however, reveal two new $γ$-ray point sources. With a flux of ($1.28 \pm 0.08$) $\times 10^{-9}$ photons cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$, in the $1-300$ GeV energy range, and an associated TS value of 220.6, one of these new point sources is positionally coincident with the AGN PKS 1346-112. The other point source has a $1-300$ GeV flux of ($7.95 \pm 1.23$) $\times 10^{-10}$ photons cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ and an associated TS value of 92.4. This new point source is spatially coincident with the radio source NVSS J072534+021645 suggesting that it too is an AGN.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 10 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables
Cloudy with A Chance of Rain: Accretion Braking of Cold Clouds
Creators: name: Tan, Brent
name: Oh, S. Peng
name: Gronke, Max
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the survival, growth and dynamics of cold gas is fundamental to galaxy formation. While there has been a plethora of work on `wind tunnel' simulations that study such cold gas in winds, the infall of this gas under gravity is at least equally important, and fundamentally different since cold gas can never entrain. Instead, velocity shear increases and remains unrelenting. If these clouds are growing, they can experience a drag force due to the accretion of low momentum gas, which dominates over ram pressure drag. This leads to sub-virial terminal velocities, in line with observations. We develop simple analytic theory and predictions based on turbulent radiative mixing layers. We test these scalings in 3D hydrodynamic simulations, both for an artificial constant background, as well as a more realistic stratified background. We find that the survival criterion for infalling gas is more stringent than in a wind, requiring that clouds grow faster than they are destroyed ($t_{\rm grow} < 4\,t_{\rm cc} $). This can be translated to a critical pressure, which for Milky Way like conditions is $P \sim 3000 {\rm k}_B {\rm K}\,{\rm cm}^{-3}$ . Cold gas which forms via linear thermal instability ($t_{\rm cool}/t_{\rm ff} < 1$) in planar geometry meets the survival threshold. In stratified environments, larger clouds need only survive infall until cooling becomes effective. We discuss applications to high velocity clouds and filaments in galaxy clusters.
description: 23 pages, 20 figures; Accepted for publication in MNRAS
The Power of System Call Traces: Predicting the Software Energy Consumption Impact of Changes
Creators: Aggarwal, K.
Chenlei, Z.
Campbell, J.
Hindle, Abram
Stroulia, E.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2014

Battery is a critical resource for smartphones. Software developers as the builders and maintainers of applications, are responsible for updating and deploying energy efficient applications to end users. Unfortunately, the impact of software change on energy consumption is still unclear. Estimation based on software metrics has proved difficult. As energy consumption profiling requires special infrastructure, developers have difficulty assessing the impact of their actions on energy consumption. System calls are the interface between applications and the OS kernel and provide insight into how software utilizes hardware and software resources. As profiling system calls requires no specialized infrastructure, unlike energy consumption, it is much easier for the developers to track changes to system calls. Thus we relate software change to energy consumption by tracing the changes in an application’s pattern of system call invocations. We find that significant changes to system call profiles often induce significant changes in energy consumption
Green Mining: Investigating Power Consumption across Versions
Creators: Hindle, Abram
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2012

Power consumption is increasingly becoming a concern for not only electrical engineers, but for software engineers as well, due to the increasing popularity of new power-limited contexts such as mobile-computing, smart-phones and cloud-computing. Software changes can alter software power consumption behaviour and can cause power performance regressions. By tracking software power consumption we can build models to provide suggestions to avoid power regressions. There is much research on software power consumption, but little focus on the relationship between software changes and power consumption. Most work measures the power consumption of a single software task; instead we seek to extend this work across the history (revisions) of a project. We develop a set of tests for a well established product and then run those tests across all versions of the product while recording the power usage of these tests. We provide and demonstrate a methodology that enables the analysis of power consumption performance for over 500 nightly builds of Firefox 3.6; we show that software change does induce changes in power consumption. This methodology and case study are a first step towards combining power measurement and mining software repositories research, thus enabling developers to avoid power regressions via power consumption awareness.
Measurement and control of a superconducting quantum processor with a fully-integrated radio-frequency system on a chip
Creators: name: Tholén, Mats O.
name: Borgani, Riccardo
name: Di Carlo, Giuseppe Ruggero
name: Bengtsson, Andreas
name: Križan, Christian
name: Kudra, Marina
name: Tancredi, Giovanna
name: Bylander, Jonas
name: Delsing, Per
name: Gasparinetti, Simone
name: Haviland, David B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a digital microwave platform called Presto, designed for measurement and control of multiple quantum bits (qubits) and based on the third-generation radio-frequency system on a chip. Presto uses direct digital synthesis to create signals up to 9 GHz on 16 synchronous output ports, while synchronously analyzing response on 16 input ports. Presto has 16 DC-bias outputs, 4 inputs and 4 outputs for digital triggers or markers, and two continuous-wave outputs for synthesizing frequencies up to 15 GHz. Scaling to a large number of qubits is enabled through deterministic synchronization of multiple Presto units. A Python application programming interface configures a firmware for synthesis and analysis of pulses, coordinated by an event sequencer. The analysis integrates template matching (matched filtering) and low-latency (184 - 254 ns) feedback to enable a wide range of multi-qubit experiments. We demonstrate Presto's capabilities with experiments on a sample consisting of two superconducting qubits connected via a flux-tunable coupler. We show single-shot readout and active reset of a single qubit; randomized benchmarking of single-qubit gates showing 99.972% fidelity, limited by the coherence time of the qubit; and calibration of a two-qubit iSWAP gate.
description: v3: peer reviewed, accepted manuscript; v2: correct theoretical gate fidelity in Sec. III C
The cost effectiveness of a quality improvement program to reduce maternal and fetal mortality in a regional referral hospital in Accra, Ghana
Creators: name: Olufolabi, Adeyemi J.
name: Goodman, David M.
name: Engmann, Cyril M.
name: Ramaswamy, Rohit
name: Owen, Medge D.
name: Jeuland, Marc
name: Srofenyoh, Emmanuel K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of a quality improvement intervention aimed at reducing maternal and fetal mortality in Accra, Ghana.
Evaluating the double parton scattering contribution to Mueller-Navelet jets production at the LHC
Creators: name: Ducloué, B.
name: Szymanowski, L.
name: Wallon, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a model to study the importance of double parton scattering (DPS) in Mueller-Navelet jets production at the LHC which is consistent with the BFKL framework used to compute the single parton scattering contribution to this process. We study this model in kinematics corresponding to existing and possible future measurements at the LHC and estimate the importance of this DPS contribution on relevant observables for this process, namely the cross section and the azimuthal correlation of the jets.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures, published version
Additional file 2 of A scoping review of health literacy in rare disorders: key issues and research directions
Creators: name: Stenberg, Una
name: Westfal, Lydia
name: Dybesland Rosenberger, Andreas
name: Ørstavik, Kristin
name: Flink, Maria
name: Holmen, Heidi
name: Systad, Silje
name: Westermann, Karl Fredrik
name: Velvin, Gry
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 2
Dynamics of Neutron Star Accretion Columns in Split-Monopole Magnetic Fields
Creators: name: Zhang, Lizhong
name: Blaes, Omer
name: Jiang, Yan-Fei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform 2D axisymmetric radiative relativistic MHD simulations of radiation pressure supported neutron star accretion columns in split-monopole magnetic fields. The accretion columns exhibit quasi-periodic oscillations, which manifest in the luminosity power spectrum as 2-10 kHz peaks, together with broader extensions to somewhat higher frequencies. The peak frequency decreases for wider columns or higher mass accretion rates. In contrast to the case of shorter columns in uniform magnetic fields, pdV work contributes substantially to maintaining the radiation pressure inside the column against sideways radiative cooling. This is in part due to the compression associated with accretion along the converging magnetic field lines towards the stellar surface. Propagating entropy waves which are associated with the slow-diffusion photon bubble instability form in all our simulations. Radial advection of radiation from the oscillation itself as well as the entropy waves is also important in maintaining radiation pressure inside the column. The time-averaged profile of our fiducial simulation accretion is approximately consistent with the classical 1D stationary model provided one incorporates the correct column shape. We also quantify the porosity in all our accretion column simulations so that this may also in principle be used to improve 1D models.
description: 18 pages, 17 figures, and 3 table, accepted by MNRAS