cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Приспособление для формовки ножек радиоэлементов под определённый размер
Creators: name: В.В., Любимов
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1987
Subjects: технологии формовки выводов радиоэлементов и микросхем

description: В работе (в предложении) дано описание конструкции оригинального приспособления для подготовки и формования выводов различных радиоэлементов под определенный устанавливаемый размер перед установкой и пайкой их в печатные платы. Устройство позволяет также легко проводить подготовку и микросхем в корпусах различных размеров и с различным количеством выводов к процессу их установки и пайки на печатные платы. На данное рационализаторское предложение получено официальное Удостоверение зарегистрированное в Патентном отделе ИЗМИРАН СССР 28.12.1987 г. под №22/343.
Quantifying How Hateful Communities Radicalize Online Users
Creators: name: Schmitz, Matheus
name: Burghardt, Keith
name: Muric, Goran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: While online social media offers a way for ignored or stifled voices to be heard, it also allows users a platform to spread hateful speech. Such speech usually originates in fringe communities, yet it can spill over into mainstream channels. In this paper, we measure the impact of joining fringe hateful communities in terms of hate speech propagated to the rest of the social network. We leverage data from Reddit to assess the effect of joining one type of echo chamber: a digital community of like-minded users exhibiting hateful behavior. We measure members' usage of hate speech outside the studied community before and after they become active participants. Using Interrupted Time Series (ITS) analysis as a causal inference method, we gauge the spillover effect, in which hateful language from within a certain community can spread outside that community by using the level of out-of-community hate word usage as a proxy for learned hate. We investigate four different Reddit sub-communities (subreddits) covering three areas of hate speech: racism, misogyny and fat-shaming. In all three cases we find an increase in hate speech outside the originating community, implying that joining such community leads to a spread of hate speech throughout the platform. Moreover, users are found to pick up this new hateful speech for months after initially joining the community. We show that the harmful speech does not remain contained within the community. Our results provide new evidence of the harmful effects of echo chambers and the potential benefit of moderating them to reduce adoption of hateful speech.
Simulating 2+1d Lattice QED with dynamical matter using ultracold atoms
Creators: name: Zohar, Erez
name: Cirac, J. Ignacio
name: Reznik, Benni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We suggest a method to simulate lattice compact Quantum Electrodynamics (cQED) using ultracold atoms in optical lattices, which includes dynamical Dirac fermions in 2+1 dimensions. This allows to test dynamical effects of confinement as well as 2d flux loops deformations and breaking, and to observe Wilson-loop area-law.
description: Includes supplementary material. Added references, minor modifications
Coarse-Grained Molecular Simulation of Extracellular Vesicles Squeezing for Drug Loading
Creators: name: Islam, Khayrul
name: Razizadeh, Meghdad
name: Liu, Yaling
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In recent years, extracellular vesicles such have become promising carriers as the next-generation drug delivery platforms. Effective loading of exogenous cargos without compromising the extracellular vesicle membrane is a major challenge. Rapid squeezing through nanofluidic channels is a widely used approach to load exogenous cargoes into the EV through the nanopores generated temporarily on the membrane. However, the exact mechanism and dynamics of nanopores opening, as well as cargo loading through nanopores during the squeezing process remains unknown and is impossible to be visualized or quantified experimentally due to the small size of the EV and the fast transient process. This paper developed a systemic algorithm to simulate nanopore formation and predict drug loading during extracellular vesicle (EV) squeezing by leveraging the power of coarse-grain (CG) molecular dynamics simulations with fluid dynamics. The EV CG beads are coupled with implicit Fluctuating Lattice Boltzmann solvent. Effects of EV property and various squeezing test parameters, such as EV size, flow velocity, channel width, and length, on pore formation and drug loading efficiency are analyzed. Based on the simulation results, a phase diagram is provided as a design guidance for nanochannel geometry and squeezing velocity to generate pores on membrane without damaging the EV. This method can be utilized to optimize the nanofluidic device configuration and flow setup to obtain desired drug loading into EVs
Active Inference for Autonomous Decision-Making with Contextual Multi-Armed Bandits
Creators: name: Wakayama, Shohei
name: Ahmed, Nisar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In autonomous robotic decision-making under uncertainty, the tradeoff between exploitation and exploration of available options must be considered. If secondary information associated with options can be utilized, such decision-making problems can often be formulated as contextual multi-armed bandits (CMABs). In this study, we apply active inference, which has been actively studied in the field of neuroscience in recent years, as an alternative action selection strategy for CMABs. Unlike conventional action selection strategies, it is possible to rigorously evaluate the uncertainty of each option when calculating the expected free energy (EFE) associated with the decision agent's probabilistic model, as derived from the free-energy principle. We specifically address the case where a categorical observation likelihood function is used, such that EFE values are analytically intractable. We introduce new approximation methods for computing the EFE based on variational and Laplace approximations. Extensive simulation study results demonstrate that, compared to other strategies, active inference generally requires far fewer iterations to identify optimal options and generally achieves superior cumulative regret, for relatively low extra computational cost.
Vector Quantized Semantic Communication System
Creators: name: Fu, Qifan
name: Xie, Huiqiang
name: Qin, Zhijin
name: Slabaugh, Gregory
name: Tao, Xiaoming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Although analog semantic communication systems have received considerable attention in the literature, there is less work on digital semantic communication systems. In this paper, we develop a deep learning (DL)-enabled vector quantized (VQ) semantic communication system for image transmission, named VQ-DeepSC. Specifically, we propose a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based transceiver to extract multi-scale semantic features of images and introduce multi-scale semantic embedding spaces to perform semantic feature quantization, rendering the data compatible with digital communication systems. Furthermore, we employ adversarial training to improve the quality of received images by introducing a PatchGAN discriminator. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed VQ-DeepSC is more robustness than BPG in digital communication systems and has comparable MS-SSIM performance to the DeepJSCC method.
description: This five pages article has been accepted for publication in IEEE Wireless Communications Letters. This is the author's version which has not been fully edited and content may change prior to final publication. Citation information: DOI 10.1109/LWC.2023.3255221
Probing Parton Orbital Angular Momentum in Longitudinally Polarized Nucleon
Creators: name: Ji, Xiangdong
name: Xiong, Xiaonu
name: Yuan, Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While the total orbital angular momentum (OAM) of a definite quark flavor in a longitudinally-polarized nucleon can be obtained through a sum rule involving twist-two generalized parton distribution (GPDs), its distribution as a function of parton momentum in light-front coordinates is more complicated to define and measure because it involves intrinsically twist-three effects. In this paper, we consider two different parton OAM distributions. The first is manifestly gauge invariant, and its moments are local operators and calculable in lattice QCD. We show that it can potentially be measured through twist-three GPDs. The second is the much-debated canonical OAM distribution natural in free-field theory and light-cone gauge. We show the latter in light-cone gauge can also be related to twist-three GPDs as well as quantum phase-space Wigner distributions, both being measurable in high-energy experiments.
description: 14 pages, no figure
Microwave properties of Yttrium Vanadate at cryogenic temperatures
Creators: name: Jacob, Mohan V.
name: Mazierska, Janina E.
name: Krupka, Jerzy
name: Ledenyov, Dimitri O.
name: Takeuchi, Seiichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Yttrium Vanadate (YVO4) is a birefringent crystal material used in optical isolators and circulators with potentials for application in cryogenic microwave devices. As microwave properties of the YVO4 are not known, we measured the complex permittivity at the frequency of 25 GHz, using the Hakki-Coleman dielectric resonator technique in the temperature range from 13 K to 80 K. The real part of relative permittivity of YVO4 turned out to be similar to that of Sapphire - one of popular dielectric materials, used at microwave frequencies. The measured loss tangent tang δ of the YVO4 was of the order of 10^(-6) at cryogenic temperatures. As Yttrium Vanadate (YVO4) is easy to synthesis and machine, it may replace the expensive Sapphire in some microwave applications.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, ISBN 981-238-372-7
First Direct Measurement of the ^{17}O(p,γ)^{18}F Reaction Cross-Section at Gamow Energies for Classical Novae
Creators: name: Scott, D. A.
name: Caciolli, A.
name: DiLeva, A.
name: Formicola, A.
name: Aliotta, M.
name: Anders, M.
name: Bemmerer, D.
name: Broggini, C.
name: Campeggio, M.
name: Corvisiero, P.
name: Elekes, Z.
name: Fülöp, Zs.
name: Gervino, G.
name: Guglielmetti, A.
name: Gustavino, C.
name: Gyürky, Gy.
name: Imbriani, G.
name: Junker, M.
name: Laubenstein, M.
name: Menegazzo, R.
name: Marta, M.
name: Napolitani, E.
name: Prati, P.
name: Rigato, V.
name: Roca, V.
name: Somorjai, E.
name: Salvo, C.
name: Straniero, O.
name: Strieder, F.
name: Szücs, T.
name: Terrasi, F.
name: Trezzi, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Classical novae are important contributors to the abundances of key isotopes, such as the radioactive ^{18}F, whose observation by satellite missions could provide constraints on nucleosynthesis models in novae. The ^{17}O(p,γ)^{18}F reaction plays a critical role in the synthesis of both oxygen and fluorine isotopes but its reaction rate is not well determined because of the lack of experimental data at energies relevant to novae explosions. In this study, the reaction cross section has been measured directly for the first time in a wide energy range Ecm = 200 - 370 keV appropriate to hydrogen burning in classical novae. In addition, the E=183 keV resonance strength, ωγ=1.67\pm0.12 \mueV, has been measured with the highest precision to date. The uncertainty on the ^{17}O(p,γ)^{18}F reaction rate has been reduced by a factor of 4, thus leading to firmer constraints on accurate models of novae nucleosynthesis.
description: accepted by Phys. Rev. Lett
Supplementary material from The structural basis of the talin–KANK1 interaction that coordinates the actin and microtubule cytoskeletons at focal adhesions
Creators: name: Li, Xingchen
name: Goult, Benjamin Thomas
name: Ballestrem, Christoph
name: Zacharchenko, Thomas
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Structural Biology
classificationCode: 60113
subject: Synthetic Biology

description: Adhesion between cells and the extracellular matrix is mediated by heterodimeric (αβ) integrin receptors that are intracellularly linked to the contractile actomyosin machinery. One of the proteins that control this link is talin, which organizes cytosolic signalling proteins into discrete complexes on β-integrin tails referred to as focal adhesions (FAs). The adapter protein KANK1 binds to talin in the region of FAs known as the adhesion belt. Here, we adapted a non-covalent crystallographic chaperone to resolve the talin–KANK1 complex. This structure revealed that the talin binding KN region of KANK1 contains a novel motif where a β-hairpin stabilizes the α-helical region, explaining both its specific interaction with talin R7 and high affinity. Single point mutants in KANK1 identified from the structure abolished the interaction and enabled us to examine KANK1 enrichment in the adhesion belt. Strikingly, in cells expressing a constitutively active form of vinculin that keeps the FA structure intact even in the presence of myosin inhibitors, KANK1 localizes throughout the entire FA structure even when actomyosin tension is released. We propose a model whereby actomyosin forces on talin eliminate KANK1 from talin binding in the centre of FAs while retaining it at the adhesion periphery.
title: Welche Rolle spielt die Gemeinde?
Creators: name: Jutzi, Michelle
name: Stampfli, Barbara
name: Aguilar, Luis
name: Windlinger, Regula
Publisher: name: Bildung Bern
Year: 2023

description: Ob Stadt, Agglomeration oder Landgemeinde – in den letzten Jahren lässt sich ein starker Auf- und Ausbau des Betreuungsangebotes im Kanton Bern feststellen. Im Kanton Bern müssen Gemeinden bei den Eltern den Betreuungsbedarf erheben und in der Tagesschule ein Modul anbieten, wenn eine Nachfrage von mindestens zehn Kindern besteht. Ein zusätzlicher Ausbau des Angebots ist für die Gemeinden freiwillig. Neben den Tagesschulen sind weitere Bildungs- und Betreuungsangebote wichtig für eine ganzheitliche Förderung und Entwicklung der Kinder und Jugendlichen. Wichtige Fragen stellen sich: Welche Unterschiede bestehen heute hinsichtlich des Bildungs- und Betreuungsangebots zwischen den Gemeinden? Und wie sieht die Entwicklung und Steuerung von weiteren Angeboten in Zukunft aus?
Probing Axions via Light Circular Polarization and Event Horizon Telescope
Creators: name: Shakeri, Soroush
name: Hajkarim, Fazlollah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The impact of axion-like particles on the light polarization around the horizon of suppermassive black hole (SMBH) is discussed in the light of the latest polarization measurement of the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT). We investigate different sources of the polarization due to axion interaction with photons and the magnetic field of SMBH. These can modify the linear and circular polarization parameters of the emitted light. We have shown that a significant circular polarization can be produced via the photon scattering from the background magnetic field with axions as off-shell particles. This can further constrain the parameter space of ultralight axion-like particles and their couplings with photons. The future precise measurements of circular polarization can probe the features of ultralight axions in the near vicinity of SMBH.
description: 28 pages, 6 figures
Compressible spherical dipolar glass model of relaxor ferroelectrics
Creators: name: Pirc, R.
name: Kutnjak, Z.
name: Novak, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interactions between the dielectric polarization and the fluctuations of the strain (stress) tensor in relaxor ferroelectrics are shown to give rise to the anisotropy of the anharmonic P4-term in the Landau-type free energy, however, the harmonic P2-term is still properly described by the rigid spherical random bond--random field model. These are the essential features of the compressible spherical dipolar glass model, which is used to calculate the singularities of the specific heat near field-induced critical points. The results agree with recent high-resolution calorimetric experiments in PMN [110].
description: 5 pdf pages, 4 figures
title: Prediction models for SIRS, sepsis and associated organ dysfunctions in paediatric intensive care: study protocol for a diagnostic test accuracy study
Creators: name: Böhnke, Julia
name: Rübsamen, Nicole
name: Mast, Marcel
name: Rathert, Henning
name: Karch, André
name: Jack, Thomas
name: Wulff, Antje
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 610 Medicine and health

description: Introduction: Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), sepsis and associated organ dysfunctions are life-threating conditions occurring at paediatric intensive care units (PICUs). Early recognition and treatment within the first hours of onset are critical. However, time pressure, lack of personnel resources, and the need for complex age-dependent diagnoses impede an accurate and timely diagnosis by PICU physicians. Data-driven prediction models integrated in clinical decision support systems (CDSS) could facilitate early recognition of disease onset. Objectives: To estimate the sensitivity and specificity of previously developed prediction models (index tests) for the detection of SIRS, sepsis and associated organ dysfunctions in critically ill children up to 12 hours before reference standard diagnosis is possible. Methods and analysis: We conduct a monocentre, prospective diagnostic test accuracy study. Clinicians in the PICU of the tertiary care centre Hannover Medical School, Germany, continuously screen and recruit patients until the adaptive sample size (originally intended sample size of 500 patients) is enrolled. Eligible are children (0–17 years, all sexes) who stay in the PICU for ≥12 hours and for whom an informed consent is given. All eligible patients are independently assessed for SIRS, sepsis and organ dysfunctions using corresponding predictive and knowledge-based CDSS models. The knowledge-based CDSS models serve as imperfect reference standards. The assessments are used to estimate the sensitivities and specificities of each predictive model using a clustered nonparametric approach (main analysis). Subgroup analyses (‘age groups’, ‘sex’ and ‘age groups by sex’) are predefined. Ethics and dissemination: This study obtained ethics approval from the Hannover Medical School Ethics Committee (No. 10188_BO_SK_2022). Results will be disseminated as peer-reviewed publications, at scientific conferences, and to patients in an appropriate dissemination approach. Trial registration number: This study was registered with the German Clinical Trial Register (DRKS00029071) on 2022-05-23. Protocol version: 10188_BO_SK_2022_V.2.0–20220330_4_Studienprotokoll.
description: Finanziert durch den Open-Access-Publikationsfonds der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU Münster).
The Fornax dwarf galaxy as a remnant of recent dwarf-dwarf merging in the Local Group
Creators: name: Yozin, C.
name: Bekki, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from the first numerical analysis to support the hypothesis, first proposed in Coleman et al. (2004), that the Fornax dwarf galaxy was formed from the minor merging of two dwarfs about 2 Gyr ago. Using orbits for the Fornax dwarf that are consistent with the latest proper motion measurements, our dynamical evolution models show that the observed asymmetric shell-like substructures can be formed from the remnant of a smaller dwarf during minor merging. These models also predict the formation of diffuse stellar streams. We discuss how these stellar substructures depend on model parameters of dwarf-dwarf merging, and how the intermediate-age subpopulations found in the vicinity of these substructures may be formed from gas accretion in the past merger events. We also suggest that one of Fornax's GCs originates from a merged dwarf companion, and demonstrate where as yet undetected tidal streams or HI gas formed from the dwarf merging may be found in the outer halo of the Galaxy.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Instability of higher dimensional extreme black holes
Creators: name: Murata, Keiju
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study linearized gravitational perturbations of extreme black hole solutions of the vacuum Einstein equation in any number of dimensions. We find that the equations governing such perturbations can be decoupled at the future event horizon. Using these equations, we show that transverse derivatives of certain gauge invariant quantities blow up at late time along the horizon if the black hole solution satisfies certain conditions. We find that these conditions are indeed satisfied by many extreme Myers-Perry solutions, including all such solutions in five dimensions.
description: 19 pages
MICROSCOPE mission: final results of the test of the Equivalence Principle
Creators: name: Touboul, Pierre
name: Métris, Gilles
name: Rodrigues, Manuel
name: Bergé, Joel
name: Robert, Alain
name: Baghi, Quentin
name: André, Yves
name: Bedouet, Judicaël
name: Boulanger, Damien
name: Bremer, Stefanie
name: Carle, Patrice
name: Chhun, Ratana
name: Christophe, Bruno
name: Cipolla, Valerio
name: Damour, Thibault
name: Danto, Pascale
name: Demange, Louis
name: Dittus, Hansjoerg
name: Dhuicque, Océane
name: Fayet, Pierre
name: Foulon, Bernard
name: Guidotti, Pierre-Yves
name: Hagedorn, Daniel
name: Hardy, Emilie
name: Huynh, Phuong-Anh
name: Kayser, Patrick
name: Lala, Stéphanie
name: Lämmerzahl, Claus
name: Lebat, Vincent
name: Liorzou, Françoise
name: List, Meike
name: Löffler, Frank
name: Panet, Isabelle
name: Pernot-Borràs, Martin
name: Perraud, Laurent
name: Pires, Sandrine
name: Pouilloux, Benjamin
name: Prieur, Pascal
name: Rebray, Alexandre
name: Reynaud, Serge
name: Rievers, Benny
name: Selig, Hanns
name: Serron, Laura
name: Sumner, Timothy
name: Tanguy, Nicolas
name: Torresi, Patrizia
name: Visser, Pieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The MICROSCOPE mission was designed to test the Weak Equivalence Principle (WEP), stating the equality between the inertial and the gravitational masses, with a precision of $10^{-15}$ in terms of the Eötvös ratio $η$. Its experimental test consisted of comparing the accelerations undergone by two collocated test masses of different compositions as they orbited the Earth, by measuring the electrostatic forces required to keep them in equilibrium. This was done with ultra-sensitive differential electrostatic accelerometers onboard a drag-free satellite. The mission lasted two and a half years, cumulating five-months-worth of science free-fall data, two thirds with a pair of test masses of different compositions -- Titanium and Platinum alloys -- and the last third with a reference pair of test masses of the same composition -- Platinum. We summarize the data analysis, with an emphasis on the characterization of the systematic uncertainties due to thermal instabilities and on the correction of short-lived events which could mimic a WEP violation signal. We found no violation of the WEP, with the Eötvös parameter of the Titanium and Platinum pair constrained to $η({\rm Ti, Pt})~=~ [-1.5 \pm 2.3~{\rm (stat)} \pm 1.5~{\rm (syst)}]~\times 10^{-15}$ at $1σ$ in statistical errors.
description: Phys. Rev. Lett. 129, 121102
[Band 63 der Zeitschrift Antike und Abendland / Heft 125/2 der Zeitschrift Gymnasium / Heft 160/3-4 der Zeitschrift Rheinisches Museum für Philologie]
Creators: name: Weise, Stefan
Publisher: name: Forum Classicum
Year: 2019

description: -
description: Forum Classicum, Nr. 2 (2018): Forum Classicum
[Heft 124/5 (2017) der Zeitschrift Gymnasium / Heft 124/6 (2017) der Zeitschrift Gymnasium / Heft 125/1 (2018) der Zeitschrift Gymnasium...]
Creators: name: Rabl, Josef
Publisher: name: Forum Classicum
Year: 2019

description: -
description: Forum Classicum, Nr. 2 (2018): Forum Classicum
Thukydides: Der Peloponnesische Krieg, Griechisch und Deutsch. Übersetzt von Michael Weißenberger, mit einer Einleitung von Antonios Rengakos
Creators: name: Schmude, Michael P.
Publisher: name: Forum Classicum
Year: 2019

description: Rezension zu: Thukydides: Der Peloponnesische Krieg, Griechisch und Deutsch. Übersetzt von Michael Weißenberger, mit einer Einleitung von Antonios Rengakos. Berlin / Boston (W. de Gruyter) 2017 [Sammlung Tusculum] 1443 S., (ISBN 978-3-11-037873-3)
description: Forum Classicum, Nr. 3 (2018): Forum Classicum
Deformation, CPO, and elastic anisotropy in low-grade metamorphic serpentinites, Atlantis Massif Oceanic Core Complex
Creators: name: Kuehn, R.
name: Behrmann, J. H.
name: Stipp, M.
name: Kilian, R.
name: Leiss, B.
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 551

description: Crystallographic preferred orientation (CPO) and the associated seismic anisotropy of serpentinites are important factors for the understanding of tectonic settings involving hydrated Earth´s mantle, for example, at slow-spreading mid-ocean ridges. CPO of lizardite and magnetite in low-grade metamorphic serpentinites from the Atlantis Massif oceanic core complex (Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 30°N) were determined using synchrotron high energy X-ray diffraction in combination with Rietveld texture analysis. Serpentinite mesh structures show weak CPO while deformed samples show a single (0001) maximum perpendicular to the foliation. Seismic anisotropies calculated from CPO show up to >11% anisotropy for compressional waves (Vp) and shear wave splitting up to 0.38 km/s in the deformed samples. This indicates that deformation in shear zones controls elastic anisotropy and highlights its importance in defining the seismic signature of hydrated upper mantle.
A Suzaku survey of Fe K lines in Seyfert 1 AGN
Creators: name: Patrick, A. R.
name: Reeves, J. N.
name: Porquet, D.
name: Markowitz, A. G.
name: Braito, V.
name: Lobban, A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct full broadband models in an analysis of Suzaku observations of nearby Seyfert 1 AGN (z<0.2) with exposures >50ks and with greater than 30000 counts in order to study their iron line profiles. This results in a sample of 46 objects and 84 observations. After a full modelling of the broadband Suzaku and Swift-BAT data (0.6-100 keV) we find complex warm absorption is present in 59% of the objects in this sample which has a significant bearing upon the derived Fe K region parameters. Meanwhile 35% of the 46 objects require some degree of high column density partial coverer in order to fully model the hard X-ray spectrum. We also find that a large number of the objects in the sample (22%) require high velocity, high ionization outflows in the Fe K region resulting from Fe XXV and Fe XXVI. A further four AGN feature highly ionized Fe K absorbers consistent with zero outflow velocity, making a total of 14/46 (30%) AGN in this sample showing evidence for statistically significant absorption in the Fe K region. Narrow Fe K alpha emission from distant material at 6.4 keV is found to be almost ubiquitous in these AGN. Examining the 6-7 keV Fe K region we note that narrow emission lines originating from Fe XXV at 6.63-6.70 keV and from Fe XXVI at 6.97 keV are present in 52% and 39% of objects respectively. Our results suggest statistically significant relativistic Fe K alpha emission is detected in 23 of 46 objects (50%) at >99.5% confidence, measuring an average emissivity index of q=2.4\pm0.1 and equivalent width EW=96\pm10 eV using the relline model. When parameterised with a Gaussian we find an average line energy of 6.32\pm0.04 keV, sigma width=0.470\pm0.05 keV and EW=97\pm19 eV. Where we can place constraints upon the black hole spin parameter a, we do not require a maximally spinning black hole in all cases.
description: 47 pages, 13 figures, 11 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Using the dendro-climatological signal of urban trees as a measure of urbanization and urban heat island
Creators: name: Schneider, Christoph
name: Neuwirth, Burkhard
name: Schneider, Sebastian
name: Balanzategui, Daniel
name: Elsholz, Stefanie
name: Fenner, Daniel
name: Meier, Fred
name: Heinrich, Ingo
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Urban climate
subject: Tree rings
subject: Berlin
subject: Urban trees
subject: Correlation analysis
subject: Urban growth
subject: 550 Geowissenschaften

description: Using dendroclimatological techniques this study investigates whether inner city tree-ring width (TRW) chronologies from eight tree species (ash, beech, fir, larch, lime, sessile and pedunculate oak, and pine) are suitable to examine the urban heat island of Berlin, Germany. Climate-growth relationships were analyzed for 18 sites along a gradient of increasing urbanization covering Berlin and surrounding rural areas. As a proxy for defining urban heat island intensities at each site, we applied urbanization parameters such as building fraction, impervious surfaces, and green areas. The response of TRW to monthly and seasonal air temperature, precipitation, aridity, and daily air-temperature ranges were used to identify climate-growth relationships. Trees from urban sites were found to be more sensitive to climate compared to trees in the surrounding hinterland. Ring width of the deciduous species, especially ash, beech, and oak, showed a high sensitivity to summer heat and drought at urban locations (summer signal), whereas conifer species were found suitable for the analysis of the urban heat island in late winter and early spring (winter signal). The summer and winter signals were strongest in tree-ring chronologies when the urban heat island intensities were based on an area of about 200 m to 3000 m centered over the tree locations, and thus reflect the urban climate at the scale of city quarters. For the summer signal, the sensitivity of deciduous tree species to climate increased with urbanity. These results indicate that urban trees can be used for climate response analyses and open new pathways to trace the evolution of urban climate change and more specifically the urban heat island, both in time and space.
An inventory of Arctic Ocean data in the World Ocean Database.
Creators: name: Zweng, Melissa M
name: Boyer, Tim P
name: Baranova, Olga K
name: Reagan, James R
name: Seidov, Dan
name: Smolyar, Igor V.
Publisher: name: UNESCO/IOC
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Parameter Discipline::Cross-discipline
subject: Data Management Practices::Data management planning and strategy development
subject: Data Management Practices::Data archival/stewardship/curation

description: The World Ocean Database (WOD) contains over 1.3 million oceanographic casts (where cast refers to an oceanographic profile or set of profiles collected concurrently at more than one depth between the ocean surface and ocean bottom) collected in the Arctic Ocean basin and its surrounding marginal seas. The data, collected from 1849 to the present, come from many submitters and countries, and were collected using a variety of instruments and platforms. These data, along with the derived products World Ocean Atlas (WOA) and the Arctic Regional Climatologies, are exceptionally useful – the data are presented in a standardized, easy to use format and include metadata and quality control information. Collecting data in the Arctic Ocean is challenging, and coverage in space and time ranges from excellent to nearly non-existent. WOD continues to compile a comprehensive collection of Arctic Ocean profile data, ideal for oceanographic, environmental and climatic analyses (https://doi.org/10.7289/V54Q7S16).
Happiness By Many Means: William James's Functional Conception of Happiness (1842-1910)
Creators: name: Young, RIchard S.
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Happiness
subject: Happy
subject: Joy
subject: Bliss
subject: Eudaimonia
subject: William James
subject: Pragmatism
subject: The Varieties of Religious Experience
subject: VRE
subject: Evolution
subject: Darwin
subject: Charles Darwin
subject: Herbert Spencer
subject: Emotions
subject: Intellectual history
subject: History of Emotion

description: This essay explains William James’s (1842-1910) conception of happiness. While much has been written about James's conception of emotions, surprisingly, little has been written about James's conception of happiness. The few scholars who have addressed James’s conception of happiness have either failed to provide the appropriate context or have taken too narrow of a view of the matter. This essay combines a close reading of The Varieties of Religious Experience (1902) with examples from James's personal life to demonstrate that James developed a functionalist conception of happiness. James believed that unhappiness motivates the individual to adopt new mental habits and transform themselves until they can regain their happiness. This framework permits a considerable degree of flexibility, plurality, and experimentation. Although James believed that some strategies worked better than others, he was open to the possibility that individuals could attain happiness by many means.
Light emission in delta-T-driven mesoscopic conductors
Creators: name: Hübler, Matthias
name: Belzig, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The scattering picture of electron transport in mesoscopic conductors shows that fluctuations of the current reveal additional information on the scattering mechanism not available through the conductance alone. The electronic fluctuations are coupled to the electromagnetic field and a junction at finite bias or temperature will emit radiation. The nonsymmetrized current-current correlators characterize the emission and absorption spectrum. Recent interest is focused on the so-called delta-T noise, which is the nonequilibrium noise caused by a temperature difference between the terminals. Here, we generalize the notion of delta-T noise to the nonsymmetrized current-current correlator at finite frequencies. We investigate the spectral density for energy-independent scattering and for a resonant level as an example of energy-dependent scattering. We find that a temperature difference $ΔT$ leads to a partial reduction of the noise for certain frequency ranges. This is a consequence of temperature broadening in combination with a frequency shift of the involved Fermi distributions. In the case of energy-independent scattering, the lowest order is a quadratic $\propto (ΔT)^2$ correction of the thermal-like noise spectrum. For the resonance, additional contributions to the delta-T noise spectrum arise that are $\propto ΔT$ to the lowest order.
description: 8 pages, final published version
Friedrich Maier, „Allgewaltig ist der Mensch ...“. Ein Plädoyer für Literatur
Creators: name: Rabl, Josef
Publisher: name: Forum Classicum
Year: 2019

description: Rezension zu: Friedrich Maier, „Allgewaltig ist der Mensch ...“. Ein Plädoyer für Literatur, Ovid-Verlag, Bad Driburg 2018, 240 Seiten, (ISBN 978-3-938952-33-7)
description: Forum Classicum, Nr. 4 (2018): Forum Classicum
Screening Masses of Scalar and Pseudo-scalar Excitations in Quark-gluon Plasma
Creators: name: Czerski, P.
name: Alberico, W. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quark-gluon plasma (QGP) excitations, corresponding to the scalar and pseudoscalar meson quantum numbers, for different temperatures are calculated. Analysis is performed in the Hard Thermal Loop (HTL) Approximation and leads to a better understanding of the excitations of QGP in the deconfined phase and is also of relevance for lattice studies.
Structure and interaction of therapeutic proteins in solution: a combined simulation and experimental study
Creators: name: Saurabh, Suman
name: Li, Zongyi
name: Hollowell, Peter
name: Waigh, Thomas
name: Li, Peixun
name: Webster, John
name: Seddon, John M.
name: Kalonia, Cavan
name: Lu, Jian R.
name: Bresme, Fernando
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
Hematology

description: The aggregation of therapeutic proteins in solution has attracted significant interest, driving efforts to understand the relationship between microscopic structural changes and protein-protein interactions determining aggregation processes in solution. Additionally, there is substantial interest in being able to predict aggregation based on protein structure as part of molecular developability assessments. Molecular Dynamics provides theoretical tools to complement experimental studies and to interrogate and identify the microscopic mechanisms determining aggregation. Here we perform all-atom MD simulations to study the structure and inter-protein interaction of the Fab and Fc fragments of the monoclonal antibody (mAb) COE3. We unravel the role of ion-protein interactions in building the ionic double layer and determining effective inter-protein interaction. Further, we demonstrate, using various state-of-the-art force fields (charmm, gromos, amber, opls/aa), that the protein solvation, ionic structure and protein-protein interaction depend significantly on the force field parameters. We perform SANS and Static Light Scattering experiments to assess the accuracy of the different forcefields. Comparison of the simulated and experimental results reveal significant differences in the forcefields' performance, particularly in their ability to predict the protein size in solution and inter-protein interactions quantified through the second virial coefficients. In addition, the performance of the forcefields is correlated with the protein hydration structure.
Understanding the Energy Gap Law under Vibrational Strong Coupling
Creators: name: Poh, Yong Rui
name: Pannir-Sivajothi, Sindhana
name: Yuen-Zhou, Joel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rate of non-radiative decay between two molecular electronic states is succinctly described by the energy gap law, which suggests an approximately-exponential dependence of the rate on the electronic energy gap. Here, we inquire whether this rate is modified under vibrational strong coupling, a regime whereby the molecular vibrations are strongly coupled to an infrared cavity. We show that, under most conditions, the collective light-matter coupling strength is not large enough to counter the entropic penalty involved with using the polariton modes, so the energy gap law remains unchanged. This effect (or the lack thereof) may be reversed with deep strong light-matter couplings or large detunings, both of which increase the upper polariton frequency. Finally, we demonstrate how vibrational polariton condensates mitigate the entropy problem by providing large occupation numbers in the polariton modes.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Quantum effects of hydrogen storage in ϵ and δ semicrystalline phases of syndiotactic polystyrene through adsorption
Creators: name: González, Kevin R. Arriola
name: Gil-Villegas, Alejandro
name: Figueroa-Gerstenmaier, Susana
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Syndiotactic polystyrene (sPS) is a stereoregular semicrystalline polymer which presents complex polymorphic behaviour and has been explored as an alternative for hydrogen storage using adsorption. The methodology of gas retention using a light and cheap porous material offers many advantages. To establish the adsorption capacity of a specific material, adsorption isotherms are generally measured. However, to gain a better understanding of the underlying phenomena occurring at a nanoscale level (e.g. confined interactions of H2 in sPS) and, moreover, as a predictive tool, alternative methods such as molecular simulations are required. In this work, we present Grand Canonical Monte Carlo simulation results for hydrogen (H2) adsorption isotherms of δ and ϵ phases of sPS. H2 molecule was described as a 1-site model with Lennard-Jones and Exp-6 potentials, within the Wigner–Kirkwood mean-field approximation to introduce quantum corrections. Both polymer phases were modelled using an atomistic force field and the initial configurations were relaxed using molecular dynamics for temperatures T=45K, 60K and 77K. Adsorption isotherms for each system were obtained for both classical and semiclassical potentials. Additionally, adsorption isotherms for both phases were compared with experimental adsorption data at 77K from previous work.
Attitudes of administrative decision-makers towards nature-based solutions for flood risk management in Germany
Creators: name: Tafel, Leopold
name: Ott, Edward
name: Brillinger, Mario
name: Schulze, Christoph
name: Schröter, Barbara
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Q-methodology
subject: Dike relocation
subject: Floodplain restoration
subject: Natural water retention measures
subject: Saxony-Anhalt
subject: Authorities
subject: 333.7 Landflächen, Naturräume für Freizeit und Erholung, Naturreservate, Energie

description: Over the last two decades, alternative and holistic concepts, such as Nature-based Solutions (NbS) were introduced and adopted by policy-makers, including to the field of flood protection, thereby causing a paradigm shift towards flood risk management. The inclusion of natural water retention measures (NWRM) such as dike relocation and floodplain restoration into the German guidelines for flood protection institutionalized the new concepts in Germany. Whereas small scale NbS and the affected population have already been subject to thorough scientific research, large-scale NbS and the decision-makers assigned with the measure’s implementation have yet to be studied. How do administrative decision-makers perceive the new approach and measures? Are there particular attitudes among the decision-makers regarding NbS? Which aspects of implementing large-scale NbS influence possible attitudes? Which hurdles do decision-makers concern for the implementation of the new concepts? This paper investigates these questions on the example of dike relocation and floodplain restoration using Q-methodology with administrative decision-makers of flood protection authorities in the German state of Saxony-Anhalt. The consecutive statistical analysis unveiled three significant viewpoints among the decision-makers. The viewpoints/attitudes were classified as 1. The Convinced, 2. The Concerned and, 3. The Evaluators, defined by varying and individual concerns on the implementation of dike relocation and floodplain restoration. Hereby, this study delivers insights on large-scale NbS as well as on the issues of their implementation.
Assessing the spatial relationships between the predatory hoverfly and aphid pests in complementary habitats: an Individual-Based Modeling Approach.
Creators: name: , Robert
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Natural pest control
Functional agrobiodiversity
Complementary habitats
Field margins
Floral resources
Predatory hoverfly
Individual-based modeling
Aphididae

description: This folder "data_repository" contains, as it says, the data repository of the study "Assessing the spatial relationships between the predatory hoverfly and
 aphid pests in complementary habitats: an Individual-Based Modeling Approach." from 2020 By Marc Robert. Three folders are in this folder:
 - Data
 this folder contains the raw and analyzed data of this study in Excel files and another folder with additional figures.
 - Description
 this folder contains one file with the data management plan and one file with the aims, objectives and hypotheses of this study.
 - Scripts
 this folder contains the Netlogo scripts of the original model and the final model, it also contains a short Rscript that was used to generate figures.
description: This data was generated in Netlogo. However, since a there are still uncertainties (equations that were used for population dynamics, parameters, etc.) this data should not be seen as hard facts.
A hit-and-run Giant Impact scenario
Creators: name: Reufer, Andreas
name: Meier, Matthias M. M.
name: Benz, Willy
name: Wieler, Rainer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formation of the Moon from the debris of a slow and grazing giant impact of a Mars-sized impactor on the proto-Earth (Cameron & Ward 1976, Canup & Asphaug 2001) is widely accepted today. We present an alternative scenario with a hit-and-run collision (Asphaug 2010) with a fractionally increased impact velocity and a steeper impact angle.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures, in press in ICARUS notes