cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The TaichuPix1: A Monolithic Active Pixel Sensor with fast in-pixel readout electronics for the CEPC vertex detector
Creators: name: Wu, T.
name: Grinstein, S.
name: Casanova, R.
name: Zhang, Y.
name: Wei, W.
name: Wei, X.
name: Dong, J.
name: Zhang, L.
name: Li, X.
name: Liang, Z.
name: da Costa, J. Guimaraes
name: Lu, W.
name: Li, L.
name: Wang, J.
name: Zheng, R.
name: Yang, P.
name: Huang, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The proposed Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC) imposes new challenges for the vertex detector in terms of high resolution, low material, fast readout and low power. The Monolithic Active Pixel Sensor (MAPS) technology has been chosen as one of the most promising candidates to satisfy these requirements. A MAPS prototype, called TaichuPix1, based on a data-driven structure, together with a column drain readout architecture, benefiting from the ALPIDE and FE-I3 approaches, has been implemented to achieve fast readout. This paper presents the overall architecture of TaichuPix1, the experimental characterization of the FE-I3-like matrix, the threshold dispersion, the noise distribution of the pixels and verifies the charge collection using a radioactive source. These results prove the functionality of the digital periphery and serializer are able to transmit the collected charge to the data interface correctly. Moreover, the individual self-tests of the serializer verify it can work up to about 3 Gbps. And it also indicates that the analog front-end features a fast-rising signal with a short time walk and that the FE-I3-like in-pixel digital logic is properly operating at the 40 MHz system clock.
description: 14 pages and 12 figures
Additional file 5 of In modern times, how important are breast cancer stage, grade and receptor subtype for survival: a population-based cohort study
Creators: name: Johansson, Anna L. V.
name: Trewin, Cassia B.
name: Fredriksson, Irma
name: Reinertsen, Kristin V.
name: Russnes, Hege
name: Giske Ursin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 5: Figure S5. Box plot of Ki67 by grade in women diagnosed 2011–2015.
Maharam extension and stationary stable processes
Creators: name: Roy, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give a second look at stationary stable processes by interpreting the self-similar property at the level of the Lévy measure as characteristic of a Maharam system. This allows us to derive structural results and their ergodic consequences.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/11-AOP671 the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Homological dimensions of K"othe algebras
Creators: name: Pirkovskii, A. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46M18, 46H25, 16E10 (Primary); 46A45, 16D40, 18G50 (Secondary)

description: Given a metrizable K"othe algebra $λ(P)$, we compute the global dimension, the weak global dimension, the bidimension, and the weak bidimension of $λ(P)$ in terms of the K"othe set $P$.
description: 13 pages
title: Values, Mushfaking, and Literacy in Disability:  Applying James Paul Gee’s Discourse Theory to the Deaf and Mental Health Communities
Creators: name: Griffiths, Adrienne
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2018

description: The disability community has been a historically marginalized group and continues to be. Many advocates for inclusive language feel uncomfortable around the disability community because they are uncertain how to act and speak. There are two forms of language syntaxes that people primarily use to refer to someone with a disability: People-first language and Identity-first language. People-first language identifies someone first, then refers to their disability, such as “person with autism.” The second framework, Identity-first language, includes referring to someone’s disability first, then by another attribute. In other words, “autistic person.”
Both forms of language syntaxes have many reasons as to why they are preferred by individuals, disability groups, and advocates. This conversation has become very heated because people are concerned with using empowering language that helps to reduce the marginalization many people with disabilities face.
In order to understand negotiating language within disability groups, this essay focuses on two groups: the Deaf and The mental health communities. [1] I use James Paul Gee’s Discourse theory and apply certain terms like values, mushfaking, and literacy to the two communities. These two communities have different values, varying rules of acceptance, and many ways that defines someone as a “true” member of the Discourse. For example, in general, the Deaf community prefers Identity-first language and the mental health community prefers People-first language.
Understanding how language interacts within each group is vital in understanding affirmative societal perceptions. Furthermore, people do not necessarily need to be worried about offending members of Discourse communities, if “outsiders” learn more about each culture, negotiate our space, and are open to being corrected on language syntaxes. People-first and Identity-first languages go beyond what is “right” or “correct.” Instead, the language choice depends on the situation, the individual, and community membership and is much more complex than simply choosing between two syntaxes.
[1] The “mental health community” is not a proper noun and remains uncapitalized. The “D” in “Deaf” is capitalized because the term indicates pride and culture, not just someone who is without hearing. This concept is discussed later on in the paper.
Band selection and disentanglement using maximally-localized Wannier functions: the cases of Co impurities in bulk copper and the Cu (111) surface
Creators: name: Korytár, Richard
name: Pruneda, Miguel
name: Junquera, Javier
name: Ordejón, Pablo
name: Lorente, Nicolás
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have adapted the maximally-localized Wannier function approach of [I. Souza, N. Marzari and D. Vanderbilt, Phys. Rev. B 65, 035109 (2002)] to the density functional theory based Siesta method [J. M. Soler et al., J. Phys.: Cond. Mat. 14, 2745 (2002)] and applied it to the study of Co substitutional impurities in bulk copper as well as to the Cu (111) surface. In the Co impurity case, we have reduced the problem to the Co d-electrons and the Cu sp-band, permitting us to obtain an Anderson-like Hamiltonian from well defined density functional parameters in a fully orthonormal basis set. In order to test the quality of the Wannier approach to surfaces, we have studied the electronic structure of the Cu (111) surface by again transforming the density functional problem into the Wannier representation. An excellent description of the Shockley surface state is attained, permitting us to be confident in the application of this method to future studies of magnetic adsorbates in the presence of an extended surface state.
Lower central series of free algebras in symmetric tensor categories
Creators: name: Bapat, Asilata
name: Jordan, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16W25

description: We continue the study of the lower central series of a free associative algebra, initiated by B. Feigin and B. Shoikhet (arXiv:math/0610410). We generalize via Schur functors the constructions of the lower central series to any symmetric tensor category; specifically we compute the modified first quotient \bar{B}_1, and second and third quotients B_2, and B_3 of the series for a free algebra T(V) in any symmetric tensor category, generalizing the main results of (arXiv:math/0610410) and (arXiv:0902.4899). In the case A_{m|n}:=T(\CC^{m|n}), we use these results to compute the explicit Hilbert series. Finally, we prove a result relating the lower central series to the corresponding filtration by two-sided associative ideals, confirming a conjecture from (arXiv:0805.1909), and another one from (arXiv:0902.4899), as corollaries.
description: Corrected an error in the proof of Lemma 6.1 pointed out by Alexei Krasilnikov
title: Assessing Variation in Air Quality Perception: A Case Study in Utah
Creators: name: Mendenhall, Karen Jayne
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2018

description: In recent years, Utah has experienced poor air quality due to pollution-trapping winter inversions and summer ozone pollution. The resulting impacts of poor air quality include health issues, reduced visibility, economic impacts and ecological impacts. Utah’s topography and exploding urban population are factors which increase human exposure to these adverse impacts of air pollution. It is important for State and local governments to understand how people perceive air quality so that clean air campaigns target those who are most likely to foster pro-environmental behaviors. An analysis was conducted using data from a state-wide survey conducted in July 2017. The survey focused on the public perception of climate change and air pollution. This study focused specifically on how people perceived the worst air quality day in their local area within the last year. Responses were compared to measured air quality data at respondents’ nearest monitoring station. Data was mapped using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and a regression analysis was also conducted to understand how socioeconomic factors played a role in air quality perception. The analysis found that residents of Salt Lake and Davis Counties reported experiencing the worst local air quality, followed closely by Weber and Utah Counties. Gender, political party, education and income were socioeconomic factors that influenced perceptions of poor air quality.
«De le soe desfortune e de tute le soe prosperitade ne fece doy libri»: un «Apollonio di Tiro» ritrovato
Creators: name: Sacchi, Luca
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2014
Subjects: Historia Apollonii regis Tyri; volgarizzamento; vernacularization; edizione critica; critical edition

description: Un manoscritto del XV secolo oggi conservato alla Rare Book and Manuscript Library presso la Pennsylvania State University di Philadelphia conserva un volgarizzamento acefalo fin qui inedito della Historia Apollonii regis Tyri di area italiana nord-occidentale. L’edizione critica del testo è preceduta da un breve profilo della traduzione, particolarmente fedele alla fonte latina anche nei dettagli in genere modificati dagli autori medievali, e da un esame linguistico che mette in evidenza sia la prevalenza dei tratti di koinè italiana settentrionale sia gli indizi di una provenienza piemontese.

A manuscript owned today by the Rare Book and Manuscript Library of the Pennsylvania State University in Philadelphia contains, among other texts, an acephalous vernacularization of the Historia Apollonii regis Tyri from north-west Italy till now unpublished. The critical edition is introduced by a brief outline of the translation, particularly accurate even in details normally modified by medieval authors, and a linguistic study which points out the predominance of features belonging to the north-italian koine as well as some clues of a Piedmontese origin.
description: Carte romanze, Vol 2, No 1 (2014)
title: Incidental finding: Venous malformation of the breast
Creators: name: Kartal, Ezgi
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Breast imaging
subject: Breast
subject: Mammography
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Clinical Case

description: Clinical History: A 45-year-old woman presented to the breast unit with a history of a palpable lump in the upper central part of the left breast. She did not have any relevant risk factors or family history. 

On clinical examination, there was a well-defined, mobile mass in the periareolar region of the left breast, classified as clinically benign. Further investigation with bilateral mammogram and ultrasound were requested as per local protocol.

description: 45 years, female
A Remark on the Infinite-Volume Gibbs Measures of Spin Glasses
Creators: name: Arguin, Louis-Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82B44, 60G57

description: In this note, we point out that infinite-volume Gibbs measures of spin glass models on the hypercube can be identified as random probability measures on the unit ball of a Hilbert space. This simple observation follows from a result of Dovbysh and Sudakov on weakly exchangeable random matrices. Limiting Gibbs measures can then be studied as single well-defined objects. This approach naturally extends the space of Random Overlap Structures as defined by Aizenman, Sims and Starr. We discuss the Ruelle Probability Cascades and the stochastic stability within this framework. As an application, we use an idea of Parisi and Talagrand to prove that if a sequence of finite-volume Gibbs measures satisfies the Ghirlanda-Guerra identities, then the infinite-volume measure must be singular as a measure on a Hilbert space.
description: 11 pages, to appear in the special issue "Statistical Mechanics of Random Structures" of J. Math. Phys
Additional file 1 of D-dopachrome tautomerase activates COX2/PGE2 pathway of astrocytes to mediate inflammation following spinal cord injury
Creators: name: Ji, Huiyuan
name: Zhang, Yuxin
name: Chen, Chen
name: Li, Hui
name: He, Bingqiang
name: Yang, Ting
name: Sun, Chunshuai
name: Hao, Huifei
name: Zhang, Xingyuan
name: Wang, Yingjie
name: Zhou, Yue
name: Zhu, Zhenjie
name: Hu, Yuming
name: Li, Aihong
name: Guo, Aisong
name: Wang, Yongjun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Colocalization of D-DT with OX42-positive microglia and MBP-positive oligodendrocyte following spinal cord injury at 0d, 1d, 4d, and 7d. Rectangle indicates region magnified. Scale bars, 500 μm in (a), (c), (e), (g), (i), (k), (m), and (o); 50 μm in (b), (d), (f), (h), (j), (l), (n), and (p).
Additional file 6 of In modern times, how important are breast cancer stage, grade and receptor subtype for survival: a population-based cohort study
Creators: name: Johansson, Anna L. V.
name: Trewin, Cassia B.
name: Fredriksson, Irma
name: Reinertsen, Kristin V.
name: Russnes, Hege
name: Giske Ursin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 6: Table S6. Chi-square tests of clinicopathological characteristics by IHC subtype.
GalaxAI: Machine learning toolbox for interpretable analysis of spacecraft telemetry data
Creators: name: Kostovska, Ana
name: Petković, Matej
name: Stepišnik, Tomaž
name: Lucas, Luke
name: Finn, Timothy
name: Martínez-Heras, José
name: Panov, Panče
name: Džeroski, Sašo
name: Donati, Alessandro
name: Simidjievski, Nikola
name: Kocev, Dragi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present GalaxAI - a versatile machine learning toolbox for efficient and interpretable end-to-end analysis of spacecraft telemetry data. GalaxAI employs various machine learning algorithms for multivariate time series analyses, classification, regression and structured output prediction, capable of handling high-throughput heterogeneous data. These methods allow for the construction of robust and accurate predictive models, that are in turn applied to different tasks of spacecraft monitoring and operations planning. More importantly, besides the accurate building of models, GalaxAI implements a visualisation layer, providing mission specialists and operators with a full, detailed and interpretable view of the data analysis process. We show the utility and versatility of GalaxAI on two use-cases concerning two different spacecraft: i) analysis and planning of Mars Express thermal power consumption and ii) predicting of INTEGRAL's crossings through Van Allen belts.
Additional file 1 of Analysis of national physical activity and sedentary behaviour policies in China
Creators: name: Chen, Sitong
name: Hong, Jintao
name: Milton, Karen
name: Klepac, Bojana
name: Ma, Jiani
name: Pedisic, Zeljko
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Chinese physical activity and sedentary behavior policies included in the study
The Complete Spitzer Survey of Stellar Structure in Galaxies (CS4G)
Creators: name: Sánchez-Alarcón, Pablo M
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The Spitzer Survey of Stellar Structure in Galaxies (S4G) together with the Early Type Extension (ETG) stands as the most extensive dataset of deep, uniform mid-infrared imaging for a sample of 2817 nearby (< 40 Mpc) galaxies. The radio-derived velocity criteria miss 425 disc galaxies without 21 cm HI detection but with optical velocities within the criteria. We collected 3.6 μm and i-band images from archival data from different surveys and completed it with new observations for these missing disc galaxies. Along with its last extension, we seek to finish the survey and present the Complete Spitzer Survey of Stellar Structure in Galaxies (CS4G) containing a complete sample of 3242 galaxies with consistent imaging, surface brightness profiles and photometric parameters. Following the original strategy of the survey, we produce masks, surface brightness profiles, and curves of growth using reduced and masked 3.6 μm and i-band images. We derive the following integrated quantities from these profiles: total magnitudes stellar masses, concentration parameters, and galaxy size metrics. We derive a recipe for the conversion between optical i-band and 3.6 μm. We present new morphological revised T -types and we showcase mid-IR scaling relations among the stellar mass, Galaxy size, concentration index, and morphological type. The converted photometric parameters from the i-band images yield consistent measurements with the previous original sample (S4G) and extension (ETG) in the band 3.6 μm.  The average galaxy in the disc galaxy sample is 24 % of the average mean of galaxies with a similar T-type in the original S4G with a 34% smaller size and similar concentration. We improve the completeness of the sample by incorporating 425 disc galaxies into the original dataset. This addition constitutes 15% of the total previous sample (S4G+ETG). However, within the lower mass bin (M_∗ < 10^9 M_⊙), the disc Galaxy extension increases the sample by 30%. We make the images, and surface brightness profiles available to the community together with the conjunct catalogue of the whole CS4G dataset with consistent photometric measurements for 3242 galaxies. The CS4G includes at least 99% of the nearby galaxies. The CS4G will enable a wide set of investigations into galaxy structure and evolution, and complement optical and near-IR imaging to be obtained in coming years with Euclid, LSST and other projects.
title: The Material Landscape
Creators: name: Alward, Tom
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2018

description: The Material Landscape
Tom Alward
Exhibition Statement
The materials and compositions that make up a natural landscape are always changing. Wind, water, temperature extremes, and persistent exposure and erosion have an infinite and relentless timeline. Inevitably, we all see a snapshot of this slow geologic change. Although extremely powerful, destructive, ephemeral, and often undetectable, natural materials are in a constant state of effortless surrender, and are never void from eventual weathering and displacement from these elemental forces.
This exhibition reflects my ceramic investigation with this natural phenomenon. The pieces I have selected for this exhibition are my collective attempt at conveying this greater landscape and material fascination into ceramic objects. The creative process begins with the exploration and harvest of clays from Utah and Northern Arizona, followed by countless tests and clay blends to develop unique colors and textures. Ultimately, I selected twelve clays.
These raw clays can possess desired textures in forming objects. Creating forms with unprocessed ceramic materials provides me with a distinct opportunity and challenge. I celebrate the coarse characteristics of these clays, and embrace the small aggregates of pebble-like stones, organic material, large quartz grain and clay particle sizes, which promote cracks and distinct surface qualities. Likewise, color is developed in the wood firing process and plays an equally integral role. I use these colors in a sculptural and painterly way to enhance the textures in my compositions and forms.
The intent to generate wood fired ceramic compositions on the walls and pedestals with line and implied line, relates to anomalies found in rocks and natural objects. My hope is that each piece alludes to the ebb-and-flow from ceramic form to landscape and landscape to ceramic form.
My goal is for these objects to ultimately speak for themselves, and tell story of place, landscape, and importance, that is far better acknowledged and preserved; not destroyed and forgotten.
Effect of inversion asymmetry on the intrinsic anomalous Hall effect in ferromagnetic (Ga,Mn)As
Creators: name: Werpachowska, Agnieszka
name: Dietl, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relativistic nature of the electron motion underlies the intrinsic part of the anomalous Hall effect, believed to dominate in ferromagnetic (Ga,Mn)As. In this paper, we concentrate on the crystal band structure as an important facet to the description of this phenomenon. Using different k.p and tight-binding computational schemes, we capture the strong effect of the bulk inversion asymmetry on the Berry curvature and the anomalous Hall conductivity. At the same time, we find it not to affect other important characteristics of (Ga,Mn)As, namely the Curie temperature and uniaxial anisotropy fields. Our results extend the established theories of the anomalous Hall effect in ferromagnetic semiconductors and shed new light on its puzzling nature.
On a possible origin of the gamma-ray excess around the Galactic Center
Creators: name: Chernyshov, Dmitry O.
name: Egorov, Andrei E.
name: Dogiel, Vladimir A.
name: Ivlev, Alexei V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observations of gamma-rays with the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) in the direction of the inner Galaxy revealed a mysterious GeV excess. Its intensity is significantly above predictions of the standard model of cosmic rays (CRs) generation and propagation with a peak in the spectrum around a few GeV. Popular interpretations of this excess are due to either spherically distributed annihilating dark matter (DM) or abnormal population of millisecond pulsars. We suggested an alternative explanation of the excess through the CR interactions with molecular clouds in the Galactic Center (GC) region. We assumed that the excess could be imitated by the emission of molecular clouds with depleted density of CRs with energies below ~ 10 GeV inside. A novelty of our work is in detailed elaboration of the depletion mechanism of CRs with the mentioned energies through the "barrier" near the cloud edge formed by the self-excited MHD turbulence. Such depletion of CRs inside the clouds may be a reason of deficit of gamma rays from the Central Molecular Zone (CMZ) at energies below few GeV. This in turn changes the ratio between various emission components at those energies, and may potentially absorb the GeV excess by simple renormalization of key components.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure. This is slightly refined version of this paper published in the special issue "Gamma Ray Signals from Dark Matter" of the journal "Symmetry"
Additional file 2 of Analysis of national physical activity and sedentary behaviour policies in China
Creators: name: Chen, Sitong
name: Hong, Jintao
name: Milton, Karen
name: Klepac, Bojana
name: Ma, Jiani
name: Pedisic, Zeljko
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Number of Chinese physical activity and sedentary behaviour policies per issuing body/institution
Nuclear magnetic resonance probes for the Kondo scenario for the 0.7 feature in semiconductor quantum point contact devices
Creators: name: Tripathi, V.
name: Cooper, N. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a probe based on nuclear relaxation and Knight shift measurements for the Kondo scenario for the "0.7 feature" in semiconductor quantum point contact (QPC) devices. We show that the presence of a bound electron in the QPC would lead to a much higher rate of nuclear relaxation compared to nuclear relaxation through exchange of spin with conduction electrons. Furthermore, we show that the temperature dependence of this nuclear relaxation is very non-monotonic as opposed to the linear-T relaxation from coupling with conduction electrons. We present a qualitative analysis for the additional relaxation due to nuclear spin diffusion (NSD) and study the extent to which NSD affects the range of validity of our method. The conclusion is that nuclear relaxation, in combination with Knight shift measurements, can be used to verify whether the 0.7 feature is indeed due to the presence of a bound electron in the QPC.
description: Published version. Appears in a Special Section on the 0.7 Feature and Interactions in One-Dimensional Systems. 16 pages
Neutrino flavor oscillations in rotating matter
Creators: name: Dvornikov, Maxim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the evolution of the neutrinos system in rotating matter. Neutrinos are supposed to be mixed massive particles interacting with background fermions by means of the electroweak forces. First we find the solutions of wave equations for the neutrino mass eigenstates in matter. Then we study the behavior of neutrino flavor eigenstates in background matter. The problems of neutrino bound states and neutrino flavor oscillations are discussed. We also derive the analog of the quantum mechanical evolution equation for the system of two flavor neutrinos in rotating matter and analyze its solution for the particular initial condition for neutrino flavor eigenstates.
description: 17 pages, 1 eps figure, LaTeX2e; minimal changes in the text, some references are added; version published in Azerbaijani Astronomical Journal [ISSN 2078-4163 (Print), 2078-4171 (Online)]; the journal version can be freely downloaded from http://aaj.shao.az/
A study on relativistic lagrangian field theories with non-topological soliton solutions
Creators: name: Diaz-Alonso, J.
name: Rubiera-Garcia, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a general analysis of the dynamic structure of two classes of relativistic lagrangian field theories exhibiting static spherically symmetric non-topological soliton solutions. The analysis is concerned with (multi-) scalar fields and generalized gauge fields of compact semi-simple Lie groups. The lagrangian densities governing the dynamics of the (multi-) scalar fields are assumed to be general functions of the kinetic terms, whereas the gauge-invariant lagrangians are general functions of the field invariants. These functions are constrained by requirements of regularity, positivity of the energy and vanishing of the vacuum energy, defining what we call "admissible" models. In the scalar case we establish the general conditions which determine exhaustively the families of admissible lagrangian models supporting this kind of finite-energy solutions. We analyze some explicit examples of these different families, which are defined by the asymptotic and central behaviour of the fields of the corresponding particle-like solutions. From the variational analysis of the energy functional, we show that the admissibility constraints and the finiteness of the energy of the scalar solitons are necessary and sufficient conditions for their linear static stability against small charge-preserving perturbations. Furthermore we perform a general spectral analysis of the dynamic evolution of the small perturbations around the statically stable solitons, establishing their dynamic stability. Next, we consider the case of many-components scalar fields, showing that the resolution of the particle-like field problem in this case reduces to that of the one-component case. The study of these scalar models is a necessary step in the analysis of the gauge fields.
description: LaTeX (uses elsart.cls), 57 pages, 9 Postscript figures, final version to appear in Annals of Physics, some minor corrections added
Additional file 3 of Analysis of national physical activity and sedentary behaviour policies in China
Creators: name: Chen, Sitong
name: Hong, Jintao
name: Milton, Karen
name: Klepac, Bojana
name: Ma, Jiani
name: Pedisic, Zeljko
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3: Key elements for a successful national policy approach to physical activity promotion included in Chinese policies
Global hyperon polarization and effects of decay feeddown
Creators: name: Li, Hui
name: Xia, Xiao-Liang
name: Huang, Xu-Guang
name: Huang, Huan Zhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the global polarizations of $Λ$, $Ξ^-$, and $Ω^-$ hyperons in noncentral Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}=$ 7.7-200 GeV. We highlight the importance of effect of decay feeddown to the measured global polarization. With the decay contributions taken into account, the global polarization ordering $P_{Ω^-} > P_{Ξ^-} > P_Λ$ can be naturally explained, which is consistent with the observation recently reported from the STAR experiment from Au+Au collisions at 200 GeV. We also extend our calculations to predict expectations from the RHIC-BES II data.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, contribution to 19th International Conference on Strangeness in Quark Matter (SQM2021)
Thermodynamics of k-essence
Creators: name: Bilic, Neven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss thermodynamic properties of dark energy using the formalism of field theory at finite temperature. In particular, we apply our formalism to a purely kinetic type of k-essence. We show quite generally that the entropy associated with dark-energy is always equal or greater than zero. Hence, contrary to often stated claims, a violation of the null energy condition (phantom dark energy) does not necessarily yield a negative entropy. In addition, we find that the thermal fluctuations of a k-essence field may be represented by a free boson gas with an effective number of degrees of freedom equal to c_s^{-3}.
description: 17 pages, minor changes, typos corrected, a comment on causality and speed of sound added, references added
High Spatial Resolution Neutron Transmission Imaging Using a Superconducting Two-Dimensional Detector
Creators: name: Shishido, Hiroaki
name: Nishimura, Kazuma
name: Vu, The Dang
name: Aizawa, Kazuya
name: Kojima, Kenji M.
name: Koyama, Tomio
name: Oikawa, Kenichi
name: Harada, Masahide
name: Oku, Takayuki
name: Soyama, Kazuhiko
name: Miyajima, Shigeyuki
name: Hidaka, Mutsuo
name: Suzuki, Soh Y.
name: Tanaka, Manobu M.
name: Kawamata, Shuichi
name: Ishida, Takekazu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutron imaging is one of the most powerful tools for nondestructive inspection owing to the unique characteristics of neutron beams, such as high permeability for many heavy metals, high sensitivity for certain light elements, and isotope selectivity owing to a specific nuclear reaction between an isotope and neutrons. In this study, we employed a superconducting detector, current-biased kinetic-inductance detector (CB-KID) for neutron imaging using a pulsed neutron source. We employed the delay-line method, and high spatial resolution imaging with only four reading channels was achieved. We also performed wavelength-resolved neutron imaging by the time-of-flight method for the pulsed neutron source. We obtained the neutron transmission images of a Gd-Al alloy sample, inside which single crystals of GdAl3 were grown, using the delay-line CB-KID. Single crystals were well imaged, in both shapes and distributions, throughout the Al-Gd alloy. We identified Gd nuclei via neutron transmissions that exhibited characteristic suppression above the neutron wavelength of 0.03 nm. In addition, the ^{155}Gd resonance dip, a dip structure of the transmission caused by the nuclear reaction between an isotope and neutrons, was observed even when the number of events was summed over a limited area of 15 X 12 um^2. Gd selective imaging was performed using the resonance dip of ^{155}Gd, and it showed clear Gd distribution even with a limited neutron wavelength range of 1 pm.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, Accepted in Journal of IEEE transactions of Applied Superconductivity
Additional file 7 of In modern times, how important are breast cancer stage, grade and receptor subtype for survival: a population-based cohort study
Creators: name: Johansson, Anna L. V.
name: Trewin, Cassia B.
name: Fredriksson, Irma
name: Reinertsen, Kristin V.
name: Russnes, Hege
name: Giske Ursin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 7: Figure S7. Distributions of pTN status by IHC subtype and grade. Restricted to M0.
title: Τεχνολογίες και εφαρμογές θεραπευτικών υπερήχων στον εγκέφαλο
title: Technologies and applications of therapeutic ultrasound in the brain
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Βασιλείου, Νικόλαος
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2024
Subjects: Υπέρηχος
Θεραπευτικός υπέρηχος
Θεραπευτικός υπέρηχος εγκεφάλου

description: Ο υπέρηχος αποτελεί ένα από τα πιο σημαντικά εργαλεία στη σύγχρονη ιατρική για παρακολούθηση ασθενειών και για διαγνωστικούς σκοπούς. Η προσφορά της διαγνωστικής ακτινολογίας στην παροχή υπηρεσιών υγείας συνεχώς διευρύνεται, με πολύ θετικά αποτελέσματα στην απεικόνιση του ανθρώπινου σώματος. Ο υπέρηχος δεν απαιτεί την χρήση εργαλείων στο σώμα, καθιστώντας τον μια ανώδυνη, αναίμακτη κι ασφαλή μέθοδο εξέτασης και διάγνωσης. Παρέχει ζωντανές εικόνες των εσωτερικών οργάνων και δομών του σώματος. Η υπερηχοτομογραφία χρησιμοποιείται ευρέως στη γυναικολογία για πρόληψη και διάγνωση γυναικολογικών παθήσεων καθώς και για την μελέτη και εποπτεία των κυήσεων. Μια επιπλέον χρήση του υπερήχου είναι το ηχοκαρδιογράφημα όπου εξετάζουμε την σωστή καρδιακή λειτουργία καθώς και το υπερηχογράφημα Doppler για την εξέταση ροής του αίματος στα αγγεία. Τέλος, ένα πολύ βασικό πλεονέκτημα της υπερηχοτομογραφίας είναι το χαμηλό κόστος διάγνωσης και η επαναληψιμότητα καθώς είναι ακίνδυνη για το ανθρώπινο σώμα. Η εξέλιξη όμως του διαγνωστικού υπερήχου δεν σταματά στα προηγούμενα. Ο υπέρηχος χρησιμοποιείται και για την εξέταση του ανθρώπινου εγκεφάλου κάνοντας χρήση υψίσυχνων υπερηχητικών κυμάτων. Είναι μια μη επεμβατική κι ανώδυνη διαδικασία που χρησιμοποιείται για διάγνωση και παρακολούθηση της ανάπτυξης και της εξέλιξης του εγκεφάλου στα βρέφη κ.ά. Το πιο σημαντικό όμως σε όλη αυτή την εξέλιξη είναι ότι πλέον ο υπέρηχος μπορεί να λειτουργήσει όχι μόνο διαγνωστικά, αλλά και θεραπευτικά. Στις μέρες μας η υπερηχοτομογραφία χρησιμοποιείται ολοένα και περισσότερο για πρόληψη, διάγνωση αλλά και θεραπεία. Συνολικά ο υπέρηχος αποτελεί αναπόσπαστο κομμάτι της σύγχρονης ιατρικής λόγω της ακρίβειας, της ασφάλειας, της ευελιξίας του και το κυριότερο της δυνατότητας θεραπείας μη επεμβατικά.
Equidistribution and Counting for orbits of geometrically finite hyperbolic groups
Creators: name: Oh, Hee
name: Shah, Nimish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let G be the identity component of SO(n,1), acting linearly on a finite dimensional real vector space V. Consider a vector w_0 in V such that the stabilizer of w_0 is a symmetric subgroup of G or the stabilizer of the line Rw_0 is a parabolic subgroup of G. For any non-elementary discrete subgroup Gamma of G with w_0Gamma discrete, we compute an asymptotic formula for the number of points in w_0Gamma of norm at most T, provided that the Bowen-Margulis-Sullivan measure on the associated hyperbolic manifold and the Gamma skinning size of w_0 are finite. The main ergodic ingredient in our approach is the description for the limiting distribution of the orthogonal translates of a totally geodesically immersed closed submanifold of Gamma\H^n. We also give a criterion on the finiteness of the Gamma skinning size of w_0 for Gamma geometrically finite.
description: Extensions of Equidistribution results to G/Gamma are obtained for Gamma Zariski dense, and Much more precise description on the structure of cuspidal neighborhoods of parabolic points is obtained for Gamma geometrically finite. 63 pages (with 1 figure)
Additional file 9 of In modern times, how important are breast cancer stage, grade and receptor subtype for survival: a population-based cohort study
Creators: name: Johansson, Anna L. V.
name: Trewin, Cassia B.
name: Fredriksson, Irma
name: Reinertsen, Kristin V.
name: Russnes, Hege
name: Giske Ursin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 9: Table S9. Adjusted hazard ratios (HR) of BC death for early (0-5y) and late (5-13y) follow-up.
Additional file 1 of Coupled mixed model for joint genetic analysis of complex disorders with two independently collected data sets
Creators: name: Wang, Haohan
name: Pei, Fen
name: Vanyukov, Michael M.
name: Bahar, Ivet
name: Wu, Wei
name: Xing, Eric P.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 1. Supporting information including mathematical details of the derivations, software instructions and additional experimental results.
Additional file 8 of In modern times, how important are breast cancer stage, grade and receptor subtype for survival: a population-based cohort study
Creators: name: Johansson, Anna L. V.
name: Trewin, Cassia B.
name: Fredriksson, Irma
name: Reinertsen, Kristin V.
name: Russnes, Hege
name: Giske Ursin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 8: Figure S8. Distributions of TNM stage by IHC subtype and grade.
Phenolic Resin Dual-Use Stamps for Capillary Stamping and Decal Transfer Printing
Creators: name: Guo, Leiming
name: Klein, Jonas
name: Thien, Jannis
name: Philippi, Michael
name: Haase, Markus
name: Wollschläger, Joachim
name: Steinhart, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an optimized two-step thermopolymerization process carried out in contact with micropatterned molds that yields porous phenolic resin dual-use stamps with topographically micropatterned contact surfaces. With these stamps, two different parallel additive substrate manufacturing methods can be executed: capillary stamping and decal transfer microlithography. Under moderate contact pressures, the porous phenolic resin stamps are used for non-destructive ink transfer to substrates by capillary stamping. Continuous ink supply through the pore systems to the contact surfaces of the porous phenolic resin stamps enables multiple successive stamp-substrate contacts for lithographic ink deposition under ambient conditions. No deterioration of the quality of the deposited pattern occurs and no interruptions for ink replenishment are required. Under high contact pressure, porous phenolic resin stamps are used for decal transfer printing. In this way, the tips of the stamps' contact elements are lithographically transferred to counterpart substrates. The granular nature of the phenolic resin facilitates the rupture of the contact elements upon stamp retraction. The deposited phenolic resin micropatterns characterized by abundance of exposed hydroxyl groups are used as generic anchoring sites for further application-specific functionalizations. As example, we deposited phenolic resin micropatterns on quartz crystal microbalance resonators and further functionalized them with polyethylenimine for preconcentration sensing of humidity and gaseous formic acid. We envision that also preconcentration coatings for other sensing methods, such as attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy and surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy, are accessible by this functionalization algorithm
Binary fractions of G and K dwarf stars based on the Gaia EDR3 and LAMOST DR5: impacts of the chemical abundances
Creators: name: Niu, Zexi
name: Yuan, Haibo
name: Wang, Song
name: Liu, Jifeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Basing on the large volume \textit{Gaia} Early Data Release 3 and LAMOST Data Release 5 data, we estimate the bias-corrected binary fractions of the field late G and early K dwarfs. A stellar locus outlier method is used in this work, which works well for binaries of various periods and inclination angles with single epoch data. With a well-selected, distance-limited sample of about 90 thousand GK dwarfs covering wide stellar chemical abundances, it enables us to explore the binary fraction variations with different stellar populations. The average binary fraction is 0.42$\pm$0.01 for the whole sample. Thin disk stars are found to have a binary fraction of 0.39$\pm$0.02, thick disk stars own a higher one of 0.49$\pm$0.02, while inner halo stars possibly own the highest binary fraction. For both the thin and thick disk stars, the binary fractions decrease toward higher [Fe/H], [$α$/H], and [M/H] abundances. However, the suppressing impacts of the [Fe/H], [$α$/H], and [M/H] are more significant for the thin disk stars than those for the thick disk stars. For a given [Fe/H], a positive correlation between [$α$/Fe] and the binary fraction is found for the thin disk stars. However, this tendency disappears for the thick disk stars. We suspect that it is likely related to the different formation histories of the thin and thick disks. Our results provide new clues for theoretical works on binary formation.
description: 20 pages, 12 figures, ApJ accepted
Engineering and probing atomic quantum defects in 2D semiconductors: A perspective
Creators: name: Robinson, Joshua A.
name: Schuler, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Semiconducting two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are considered a key materials class to scale microelectronics to the ultimate atomic level. The robust quantum properties in TMDs also enable new device concepts that promise to push quantum technologies beyond cryogenic environments. Mission-critical capabilities towards realizing these goals are the mitigation of accidental lattice imperfections and the deterministic generation of desirable defects. In this perspective, the authors review some of their recent results on engineering and probing atomic point defects in 2D TMDs. Furthermore we provide a personal outlook on the next frontiers in this fast evolving field.