cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Inflation Expectations, Inflation Target Credibility, and the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from Germany
Creators: name: Coleman, Winnie
name: Nautz, Dieter
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: credibility of inflation targets
subject: Covid-19 pandemic
subject: expectation formation
subject: household inflation expectations
subject: online surveys
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::330 Wirtschaft::330 Wirtschaft

description: Using the exact wording of the European Central Bank's definition of price stability, we started a representative online survey of German citizens in January 2019 that is designed to measure long-term inflation expectations and the credibility of the inflation target. Our results indicate that credibility has decreased in our sample period, particularly in the course of the deep recession implied by the Covid-19 pandemic. Interestingly, even though inflation rates in Germany have been clearly below 2% for several years, credibility has declined mainly because Germans increasingly expect that inflation will be much higher than 2% over the medium term. We investigate how inflation expectations and the impact of the pandemic depend on personal characteristics including age, gender, education, and political attitude.
Olympia-Eröffnungen. Ein historisches Wunderland?
Creators: name: Bühl-Gramer, Charlotte
Publisher: name: C. Bühl-Gramer, Olympia-Eröffnungen. Ein historisches Wunderland?, «Public history weekly», 2, 2014, n. 10
Year: 2014

description: Erstmals wurden bei den olympischen Sommerspielen in Tokio 1964 regelmäßige Satellitenübertragungen erprobt, vier Jahre später waren sie bei den Spielen in Mexiko-City Standard. Seitdem sind vor allem die Eröffnungsfeiern die Gelegenheit, ein ideales, fernsehtaugliches Selbstbild des Gastgeberlandes in die gesamte Welt zu senden. Massenchoreographien, pompöse Rituale, die Präsentation populärer Volkskultur und zunehmend die Inszenierung der nationalen Geschichte gehen dabei eine spektakuläre Verbindung ein, für die der Sport willkommenen Anlass bietet.
Embedding Dimensions of Simplicial Complexes on Few Vertices
Creators: name: Frick, Florian
name: Hu, Mirabel
name: Scheel, Verity
name: Simon, Steven
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: simplicial complexes
subject: simple characterization
subject: few vertices
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::510 Mathematik::510 Mathematik

description: We provide a simple characterization of simplicial complexes on few vertices that embed into the d-sphere. Namely, a simplicial complex on d+3 vertices embeds into the d-sphere if and only if its non-faces do not form an intersecting family. As immediate consequences, we recover the classical van Kampen–Flores theorem and provide a topological extension of the Erdős–Ko–Rado theorem. By analogy with Fáry’s theorem for planar graphs, we show in addition that such complexes satisfy the rigidity property that continuous and linear embeddability are equivalent.
Empirical Analysis of Limits for Memory Distance in Recurrent Neural Networks
Creators: name: Illium, Steffen
name: Schillman, Thore
name: Müller, Robert
name: Gabor, Thomas
name: Linnhoff-Popien, Claudia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Common to all different kinds of recurrent neural networks (RNNs) is the intention to model relations between data points through time. When there is no immediate relationship between subsequent data points (like when the data points are generated at random, e.g.), we show that RNNs are still able to remember a few data points back into the sequence by memorizing them by heart using standard backpropagation. However, we also show that for classical RNNs, LSTM and GRU networks the distance of data points between recurrent calls that can be reproduced this way is highly limited (compared to even a loose connection between data points) and subject to various constraints imposed by the type and size of the RNN in question. This implies the existence of a hard limit (way below the information-theoretic one) for the distance between related data points within which RNNs are still able to recognize said relation.
Consumption Behaviours Of White Consumers In Light Of The BLM Movement
Creators: name: Ibrahim, Khaled
name: Burnett, Megan
name: Shabbir, Haseeb
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 150506 Marketing Theory
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Abstract: An individual’s consumption shapes their identity, it reflects their character and how they want to be seen (Shankar et al., 2001; Lin et al., 2017). Consumption is often influenced by changes in trends, i.e. sustainability and veganism (Pekkanen, 2021; Beck & Ladwig, 2021), public opinion, social movements (Sullivan, 2020), and even wars (Nelson, 2021). As a result of social movements like Black Lives Matter (BLM), societies consumption habits may alter towards new or different or a resistance towards certain consumption (Schaefer & Crane, 2005; Lee et al., 2009;2011). Consumption has changed dramatically over the past year (Jarry, 2021). This study sought to understand if and how consumption of white consumers has changed as a result of the BLM movement. This study builds upon the theory of White Fragility, which refers to the emotions and attitudes that white people experience when confronted with the topic of racism (DiAngelo, 2016). White Fragility is the state whereby even a small amount of racial stress becomes intolerable, triggering several emotional or behavioural reactions that restore racial comfort (DiAngelo, 2018).
Entanglement generation in few-nucleon scattering
Creators: name: Bai, Dong
name: Ren, Zhongzhou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inspired by a recent Letter [S. R. Beane et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 122, 102001(2019)], the entanglement generated in the elastic $S$-wave scattering of $p+{}^{3}\text{He}$ and $n+{}^3\text{H}$ is studied, where the proton, neutron, ${}^{3}$He, and ${}^3$H are all regarded as qubits. To deal with the Coulomb interaction between the proton and ${}^{3}$He, we derive the entanglement power, a physical quantity that measures the average entanglement generated by a scattering process, for charged qubits within the screening method. The entanglement power in the aforementioned two few-nucleon scatterings is found to be generally much smaller than that in the $S$-wave $n+p$ scattering at low energies, with the corresponding cluster effective field theories possessing an enhanced approximate $\text{SU}(2)_1\otimes\text{SU}(2)_{2}$ symmetry at leading order. Our study suggests that the entanglement generation capacities of effective interactions between nucleons and light nuclei could be more suppressed than realistic nucleon-nucleon interactions at low energies.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures; published version
On the Apparent Nulls and Extreme Variability of PSR J1107-5907
Creators: name: Young, N. J.
name: Weltevrede, P.
name: Stappers, B. W.
name: Lyne, A. G.
name: Kramer, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of the emission behaviour of PSR J1107-5907, a source known to exhibit separate modes of emission, using observations obtained over approximately 10 yr. We find that the object exhibits two distinct modes of emission; a strong mode with a broad profile and a weak mode with a narrow profile. During the strong mode of emission, the pulsar typically radiates very energetic emission over sequences of ~200-6000 pulses (~60 s-24 min), with apparent nulls over time-scales of up to a few pulses at a time. Emission during the weak mode is observed outside of these strong-mode sequences and manifests as occasional bursts of up to a few clearly detectable pulses at a time, as well as low-level underlying emission which is only detected through profile integration. This implies that the previously described null mode may in fact be representative of the bottom-end of the pulse intensity distribution for the source. This is supported by the dramatic pulse-to-pulse intensity modulation and rarity of exceptionally bright pulses observed during both modes of emission. Coupled with the fact that the source could be interpreted as a rotating radio transient (RRAT)-like object for the vast majority of the time, if placed at a further distance, we advance that this object likely represents a bridge between RRATs and extreme moding pulsars. Further to these emission properties, we also show that the source is consistent with being a near-aligned rotator and that it does not exhibit any measurable spin-down rate variation. These results suggest that nulls observed in other intermittent objects may in fact be representative of very weak emission without the need for complete cessation. As such, we argue that longer (> 1 h) observations of pulsars are required to discern their true modulation properties.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Truth and directness in pictorial assertion
Creators: name: Lewerentz, Lukas
name: Viebahn, Emanuel
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Assertion
subject: Pictorial assertion
subject: Pictorial accuracy
subject: Pictorial content
subject: Literalness
subject: Super linguistics
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::100 Philosophie::102 Verschiedenes

description: This paper develops an account of accuracy and truth in pictorial assertion. It argues that there are two ways in which pictorial assertions can be indirect: with respect to their content and with respect to their target. This twofold indirectness explains how accurate, unedited pictures can be used to make false pictorial assertions. It captures the fishiness of true pictorial assertions involving target-indirectness, such as true pictorial assertions involving outdated pictures. And it raises the question whether target-indirectness may also arise in linguistic assertion.
Polyglycerol-Based Biomedical Matrix for Immunomagnetic Circulating Tumor Cell Isolation and Their Expansion into Tumor Spheroids for Drug Screening
Creators: name: Tang, Peng
name: Thongrom, Boonya
name: Arora, Smriti
name: Haag, Rainer
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 3D hydrogels
subject: biomaterials
subject: circulating tumor cells
subject: drug screening
subject: multicellular tumor spheroids
subject: polyglycerol biointerfaces
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are established as distinct cancer biomarkers for diagnosis, as preclinical models, and therapeutic targets. Their use as preclinical models is limited owing to low purity after isolation and the lack of effective techniques to create 3D cultures that accurately mimic in vivo conditions. Herein, a two-component system for detecting, isolating, and expanding CTCs to generate multicellular tumor spheroids that mimic the physiology and microenvironment of the diseased organ is proposed. First, an antifouling biointerface on magnetic beads is fabricated by adding a bioinert polymer layer and conjugation of biospecific ligands to isolate cancer cells, dramatically enhancing the selectivity and purity of the isolated cancer cells. Next, the isolated cells are encapsulated into self-degradable hydrogels synthesized using a thiol-click approach. The hydrogels are mechanochemically tuned to enable tumor spheroid growth to a size greater than 300 µm and to further release the grown spheroids while retaining their tumor-like characteristics. In addition, drug treatment highlights the need for 3D culture environments rather than conventional 2D culture. The designed biomedical matrix shows potential as a universal method to ensure mimicry of in vivo tumor characteristics in individual patients and to improve the predictability of preclinical screening of personalized therapeutics.
Additional file 1 of Circulating bioactive adrenomedullin as a marker of sepsis, septic shock and critical illness
Creators: name: Lundberg, Oscar H. M.
name: Lengquist, Maria
name: Spångfors, Martin
name: Annborn, Martin
name: Bergmann, Deborah
name: Schulte, Janin
name: Levin, Helena
name: Melander, Olle
name: Frigyesi, Attila
name: Friberg, Hans
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Table S1: Suspected focus of infection and culture findings in the sepsis cohort. Table S2: Cutoffs, their corresponding positive and negative predictive values, likelihood ratios and AUCs for the different biomarkers. Figure S1: Sepsis patients according to shock status and 30-day survival with one of the eight most common bacteria found in blood cultures are plotted in relation to the suspected focus of infection on ICU admission.
Fire inside me – Exploring the possibilities of embodied queer listening
Creators: name: Guschke, Bontu Lucie
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Embodied research
subject: queer listening
subject: affect
subject: racism
subject: unspeakability
subject: writing differently
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::300 Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie::301 Soziologie, Anthropologie

description: In this article, I develop the methodological approach of embodied queer listening, which allows capturing, analyzing, and writing with/through/about the researcher’s embodied experience as part of the research process in interview-based studies. The approach combines anti-narrative research with embodied and queer listening to enable researchers to engage critically with normative narratives shared in interview situations and listen to their own embodied experiences that are otherwise suppressed in normative discourse. Embodied queer listening enables careful reflection of the researcher’s positionality and power relation vis-à-vis the research participants and recognizes embodied experience as a source of knowledge that can guide further conceptualization and theorization in organizational research. Homing in on Black feminist standpoint epistemologies and the importance of ‘Outsiders Within’ who create knowledge ‘from the margin’, it contributes to epistemological discussions on the relationship between knowledge production and gendered and racialized power structures in organization studies.
Linear-algebraic bath transformation for simulating complex open quantum systems
Creators: name: Huh, Joonsuk
name: Mostame, Sarah
name: Fujita, Takatoshi
name: Yung, Man-Hong
name: Aspuru-Guzik, Alán
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In studying open quantum systems, the environment is often approximated as a collection of non-interacting harmonic oscillators, a configuration also known as the star-bath model. It is also well known that the star-bath can be transformed into a nearest-neighbor interacting chain of oscillators. The chain-bath model has been widely used in renormalization group approaches. The transformation can be obtained by recursion relations or orthogonal polynomials. Based on a simple linear algebraic approach, we propose a bath partition strategy to reduce the system-bath coupling strength. As a result, the non-interacting star-bath is transformed into a set of weakly-coupled multiple parallel chains. The transformed bath model allows complex problems to be practically implemented on quantum simulators, and it can also be employed in various numerical simulations of open quantum dynamics.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Reverse Time Migration for Extended Obstacles: Electromagnetic Waves
Creators: name: Chen, Junqing
name: Chen, Zhiming
name: Huang, Guanghui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new single frequency reverse time migration (RTM) algorithm for imaging extended targets using electromagnetic waves. The imaging functional is defined as the imaginary part of the cross-correlation of the Green function for Helmholtz equation and the back-propagated electromagnetic field. The resolution of our RTM method for both penetrable and non-penetrable extended targets is studied by virtue of Helmholtz-Kirchhoff identity for the time-harmonic Maxwell equation. The analysis implies that our imaging functional is always positive and thus may have better stability properties. Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the powerful imaging quality and confirm our theoretical results.
description: 19 pages, 14 figures
Identifying the energy release site in a Solar microflare with a jet
Creators: name: Battaglia, Andrea Francesco
name: Wang, Wen
name: Saqri, Jonas
name: Podladchikova, Tatiana
name: Veronig, Astrid M.
name: Collier, Hannah
name: Dickson, Ewan C. M.
name: Podladchikova, Olena
name: Monstein, Christian
name: Warmuth, Alexander
name: Schuller, Frédéric
name: Harra, Louise
name: Krucker, Säm
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the main science questions of the Solar Orbiter and Parker Solar Probe missions deals with understanding how electrons in the lower solar corona are accelerated and how they subsequently access interplanetary space. We aim to investigate the electron acceleration and energy release sites as well as the manner in which accelerated electrons access the interplanetary space in the case of the SOL2021-02-18T18:05 event, a GOES A8 class microflare associated with a coronal jet. This study takes advantage of three different vantage points, Solar Orbiter, STEREO-A, and Earth, with observations ranging from radio to X-ray. Multi-wavelength timing analysis combined with UV/EUV imagery and X-ray spectroscopy by Solar Orbiter/STIX (Spectrometer/Telescope for Imaging X-rays) is used to investigate the origin of the observed emission during different flare phases. The event under investigation satisfies the classical picture of the onset time of the acceleration of electrons coinciding with the jet and the radio type III bursts. This microflare features prominent hard X-ray nonthermal emission down to at least 10 keV and a spectrum that is much harder than usual for a microflare with a spectral index of 2.9. From Earth's vantage point, the microflare is seen near the limb, revealing the coronal energy release site above the flare loop in EUV, which, from STIX spectroscopic analysis, turns out to be hot (at roughly the same temperature of the flare). Moreover, this region is moving toward higher altitudes over time (about 30 km/s). During the flare, the same region spatially coincides with the origin of the coronal jet. We conclude that the energy release site observed above-the-loop corresponds to the electron acceleration site, corroborating that interchange reconnection is a viable candidate for particle acceleration in the low corona on field lines open to interplanetary space.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 2 of Evaluation of the quality of fixed prosthesis impressions in private laboratories in a sample from Yemen
Creators: name: Nusaiba M. Al-Odinee
name: Al-Hamzi, Mohsen
name: Al-Shami, Ibrahim Z.
name: Madfa, Ahmed
name: Abdulwahab I. Al-Kholani
name: Yazeed M. Al-Olofi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 2. Association between gender and experience years of the dentist and the type of error in the finish line.
Conformational properties of polymers in anisotropic environments
Creators: name: Haydukivska, K.
name: Blavatska, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the conformational properties of polymer macromolecules in solutions in presence of extended structural obstacles of (fractal) dimension $\varepsilon_d$ causing the anisotropy of environment. Applying the pruned-enriched Rosenbluth method (PERM), we obtain numerical estimates for scaling exponents and universal shape parameters of polymers in such environments for a wide range $0
description: 15 pages, 9 figures
Electronic Supplementary Material for “Arctic warming drives striking 21st century ecosystem shifts in Great Slave Lake (Subarctic Canada), North America's deepest lake”
Creators: name: Rühland, Kathleen M.
name: Evans, Marlene
name: Smol, John P.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Great Slave Lake (GSL), one of the world's largest and deepest lakes, has undergone an aquatic ecosystem transformation in response to twenty-first century accelerated Arctic warming that is unparalleled in at least the past two centuries. Algal remains from four high-resolution palaeolimnological records retrieved from the West Basin provide baseline limnological data that we compared to historical phycological surveys undertaken on GSL between the 1940s and 1990s. We document the rapid restructuring of algal community composition ca. 2000 CE that is consistent with recent increases in regional air temperature and declines in ice cover and wind speed, that collectively altered habitats for aquatic biota. This new limnological regime initiated the first observation of scaled chrysophytes and favoured the rapid proliferation of small planktonic cyclotelloid diatoms which replaced the long-established dominance of large filamentous Aulacoseira islandica in West Basin sedimentary records. Such abrupt transformations in the primary producers of this socio-ecologically valuable ‘northern Great Lake’ may have widespread implications for the entire food web with unknown consequences for aquatic ecosystem functioning and fisheries, which First Nations, Métis, and other northern communities depend upon, pointing to the need for new studies.
Design of a non-invasive system for a real-time monitoring of driver's drowsiness and fatigue through the analysis of cardiac signals
Creators: name: Salvati, Luca
Publisher: name: Universita degli studi di Salerno
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: ING-IND/15 DISEGNO E METODI DELL'INGEGNERIA INDUSTRIALE
subject: Sleepiness
subject: Driver
subject: HRV

description: 2019 - 2020
description: The development and spread of human-centered products that are increasingly simple and affordable has seen their application areas increase over the years, as well as their effectiveness and reliability. Real-time monitoring physiological conditions, such as fatigue and sleepiness, offers useful support in both clinical and driving safety fields and it is essential in accident prevention. This research proposes a detection platform without direct contact with the skin capable of acquiring cardiac signals and it develops a fatigue-related sleepiness detection algorithm based on the analysis of the pulse rate variability generated by the heartbeat and validates the proposed method by comparing it with an objective indicator of sleepiness (PERCLOS). Changes in alert conditions affect the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and therefore heart rate variability (HRV), modulated in the form of a wave and monitored to detect long-term changes in the driver's condition using real-time control. The performance of the algorithm was evaluated through an experiment carried out in a road vehicle. In this experiment, data was recorded by 3 participants in different driving sessions and their conditions of fatigue and sleepiness were documented on both a subjective and objective basis. The validation of the results through PERCLOS showed a 63% adherence to the experimental findings. The present study confirms the possibility of continuously monitoring the driver's status through the detection of the activation/deactivation states of the ANS based on HRV. The proposed method can help prevent accidents caused by drowsiness while driving. [edited by Author]
Figure S1: from Advancing the missed mutualist hypothesis, the under-appreciated twin of the enemy release hypothesis
Creators: name: Moles, Angela T.
name: Dalrymple, Rhiannon L.
name: Raghu, S.
name: Bonser, Stephen P.
name: Ollerton, Jeff
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The pollination systems of 42 species of Apocynaceae in their native and introduced ranges. The number in each cell represents the number of plant species that fall in each category. Species that have not switched pollinators appear in blue, on the diagonal axis, while species that have gained or lost pollinating taxa are highlighted in yellow and green. Data are from the Pollinators of Apocynaceae Database [86]. Photo credits: Zong-Xin Ren, Leonardo Galetto, Hector Keller, Jeff Ollerton, Adam Shuttleworth, Alessandro Rapini.
Combinatorics and preservation of conically stable polynomials
Creators: name: Codenotti, Giulia
name: Gardoll, Stephan
name: Theobald, Thorsten
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Stable polynomial
subject: Conic stability
subject: Positive semidefinite stability
subject: Jump system
subject: Stability preserver
subject: Geometry of polynomials
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::510 Mathematik::510 Mathematik

description: Given a closed, convex cone K⊆Rn, a multivariate polynomial f∈C[z] is called K-stable if the imaginary parts of its roots are not contained in the relative interior of K. If K is the nonnegative orthant, K-stability specializes to the usual notion of stability of polynomials. We develop generalizations of preservation operations and of combinatorial criteria from usual stability toward conic stability. A particular focus is on the cone of positive semidefinite matrices (psd-stability). In particular, we prove the preservation of psd-stability under a natural generalization of the inversion operator. Moreover, we give conditions on the support of psd-stable polynomials and characterize the support of special families of psd-stable polynomials.
Entanglement entropy as a witness of the Aharonov-Bohm effect in QFT
Creators: name: Arias, Raúl E.
name: Blanco, David D.
name: Casini, Horacio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dependence of the entanglement entropy with a magnetic flux, and show that the former quantity witnesses an Aharonov Bohm-like effect. In particular, we consider free charged scalar and Dirac fields living on a two dimensional cylinder and study how the entanglement entropy for a strip-like region on the surface of the cylinder is affected by a magnetic field enclosed by it.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
The Electrode-Ferroelectric Interface as the Primary Constraint on Endurance and Retention in HZO-Based Ferroelectric Capacitors
Creators: name: Alcala, Ruben
name: Materano, Monica
name: Lomenzo, Patrick D.
name: Vishnumurthy, Pramoda
name: Hamouda, Wassim
name: Dubourdieu, Catherine
name: Kersch, Alfred
name: Barrett, Nicolas
name: Mikolajick, Thomas
name: Schroeder, Uwe
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: capacitors
subject: electrode materials
subject: ferroelectricity
subject: HfO2
subject: reliability
subject: ZrO2
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Ferroelectric hafnium-zirconium oxide is one of the most relevant CMOS-compatible materials for next-generation, non-volatile memory devices. Nevertheless, performance reliability remains an issue. With TiN electrodes (the most reported electrode material), Hf-Zr-based ferroelectric capacitors struggle to provide reliable retention due to electrode-ferroelectric interface interactions. Although Hf-Zr-based ferroelectric capacitors are fabricated with other electrodes, the focus is predominantly directed toward obtaining a large ferroelectric response. The impact of the electrodes on data retention for these ferroelectrics remains underreported and greater insight is needed to improve device reliability. Here, a comprehensive set of electrodes are evaluated with emphasis on the core ferroelectric memory reliability metrics of endurance, retention, and imprint. Metal-ferroelectric-metal capacitors comprised of a Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 layer deposited between different combinations of nitride (TiN, TiAlN, and NbN), pure metal (W), and oxide (MoO2, RuO2, and IrO2) top and bottom electrodes are fabricated for the investigation. From the electrical, physical, and structural analysis, the low reactivity of the electrode with the ferroelectric is found to be key for improved reliability of the ferroelectric capacitor. This understanding of interface properties provides necessary insight for the broad implementation of Hf-Zr-based ferroelectrics in memory technology and, overall, boosts the development of next-generation memories.
Appendices 1 and 2 from Advancing the missed mutualist hypothesis, the under-appreciated twin of the enemy release hypothesis
Creators: name: Moles, Angela T.
name: Dalrymple, Rhiannon L.
name: Raghu, S.
name: Bonser, Stephen P.
name: Ollerton, Jeff
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: These Appendices contain the methods for the meta-analysis, details of the analysis, and the raw dataset.
An RFID-Based Assistive Glove to Help the Visually Impaired
Creators: name: Sedighi, Paniz
name: Norouzi, Mohammad Hesam
name: Delrobaei, Mehdi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: J.2

description: Recent studies have focused on facilitating perception and outdoor navigation for people with blindness or some form of vision loss. However, a significant portion of these studies is centered around treatment and vision rehabilitation, leaving some immediate needs, such as interaction with the surrounding objects or recognizing colors and fine patterns without tactile feedback. This study targets such needs and delivers a straightforward communication method using a wearable, unobtrusive device with the environment. We initially discuss the advantages and limitations of related works to draw out the best-fitting design concepts. Then, we introduce the potential for emerging technologies such as radio-frequency identification. We present the design details and the experimental results of an assistive glove to allow people with vision disabilities to interact with the environment more efficiently. Based on the collected data from 17 blind-folded healthy participants, the implemented system's success rate in identifying objects was about 96.32%. Overall, 70% of the users found the device very satisfactory.
Time-domain observation of ballistic orbital-angular-momentum currents with giant relaxation length in tungsten
Creators: name: Seifert, Tom S.
name: Go, Dongwook
name: Hayashi, Hiroki
name: Rouzegar, Reza
name: Freimuth, Frank
name: Ando, Kazuya
name: Mokrousov, Yuriy
name: Kampfrath, Tobias
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Magnetic properties and materials
subject: Spintronics
subject: Terahertz optics
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: The emerging field of orbitronics exploits the electron orbital momentum L. Compared to spin-polarized electrons, L may allow the transfer of magnetic information with considerably higher density over longer distances in more materials. However, direct experimental observation of L currents, their extended propagation lengths and their conversion into charge currents has remained challenging. Here, we optically trigger ultrafast angular-momentum transport in Ni|W|SiO2 thin-film stacks. The resulting terahertz charge-current bursts exhibit a marked delay and width that grow linearly with the W thickness. We consistently ascribe these observations to a ballistic L current from Ni through W with a giant decay length (~80 nm) and low velocity (~0.1 nm fs−1). At the W/SiO2 interface, the L flow is efficiently converted into a charge current by the inverse orbital Rashba–Edelstein effect, consistent with ab initio calculations. Our findings establish orbitronic materials with long-distance ballistic L transport as possible candidates for future ultrafast devices and an approach to discriminate Hall-like and Rashba–Edelstein-like conversion processes.
Additional file 1 of Scaling up newborn care technologies from tertiary- to secondary-level hospitals in Malawi: an implementation case study of health professional perspectives on bubble CPAP
Creators: name: Mai-Lei Woo Kinshella
name: Sangwani Salimu
name: Tamanda Hiwa
name: Mwai Banda
name: Vidler, Marianne
name: Newberry, Laura
name: Dube, Queen
name: Molyneux, Elizabeth M.
name: Goldfarb, David M.
name: Kondwani Kawaza
name: Nyondo-Mipando, Alinane Linda
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Studies (COREQ) checklist.
Monopoles in Superloop Space
Creators: name: Faizal, Mir
name: Tsun, Tsou Sheung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we will analyse a four dimensional gauge theory with $\mathcal{N} =1$ supersymmetry in superloop space formalism. We will thus obtain an expression for the connection in the infinite-dimensional superloop space. We will then use this connection to obtain an expression for the curvature of the infinite-dimensional superloop space. We will also show that this curvature is proportional to the Bianchi identity in spacetime. Thus, in absence of a monopole this curvature will vanish. However, it will not vanish if the superloop intersects the world-line of a monopole because the Bianchi will not hold at that point.
description: 9 pages, 0 figures, accepted for publication in EPL
Multivariate dual to ratio type estimators using arithmetic, geometric and harmonic means in simple random sampling
Creators: name: Singh, Rajesh
name: Sharma, Prayas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Auxiliary variable is extensively used in survey sampling to improve the precision of estimates. Whenever there is availability of auxiliary information, we want to utilize it in the method of estimation to obtain the most efficient estimator. In this paper using multi-auxiliary information we have proposed estimators based on arithmetic, geometric and harmonic mean. It was also shown that estimator based on harmonic and geometric means are more biased than estimator based on arithmetic mean under certain conditions. However, the MSE of all three estimators are same up to the first order of approximation.
description: 7 pages, 2 tables
Additional file 3 of Evaluation of the quality of fixed prosthesis impressions in private laboratories in a sample from Yemen
Creators: name: Nusaiba M. Al-Odinee
name: Al-Hamzi, Mohsen
name: Al-Shami, Ibrahim Z.
name: Madfa, Ahmed
name: Abdulwahab I. Al-Kholani
name: Yazeed M. Al-Olofi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 3. Association between gender and experience years of the dentist and the type of error in the preparation area.
Solvent primitive model of an electric double layer in slit-like pores: microscopic structure, adsorption and capacitance from a density functional approach
Creators: name: Pizio, O.
name: Sokołowski, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the electric double layer formed between charged walls of a slit-like pore and a solvent primitive model (SPM) for electrolyte solution. The recently developed version of the weighted density functional approach for electrostatic interparticle interaction is applied to the study of the density profiles, adsorption and selectivity of adsorption of ions and solvent species. Our principal focus, however, is in the dependence of differential capacitance on the applied voltage, on the electrode and on the pore width. We discuss the properties of the model with respect to the behavior of a primitive model, i.e., in the absence of a hard-sphere solvent. We observed that the differential capacitance of the SPM on the applied electrostatic potential has the camel-like shape unless the ion fraction is high. Moreover, it is documented that the dependence of differential capacitance of the SPM on the pore width is oscillatory, which is in close similarity to the primitive model.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
The Unique Ambiphilicity of Tellurium in the [MesitylTe(I)(I2)(I3)]− Anion
Creators: name: Matos, Vinícius
name: Zimmermann Londero, Ana Júlia
name: Roca Jungfer, Maximilian
name: Abram, Ulrich
name: Schulz Lang, Ernesto
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: density functional calculations
subject: iodides
subject: non-covalent bonds
subject: sigma holes
subject: tellurium
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: A first example of an aryltellurium(II) compound with three different bonding modes to iodine featuring covalent and non-covalent bonds such as two orthogonal, ambiphilic σ-hole interactions is introduced: [MesTe(I)(I2)(I3)]−. It is a member of a series of mesityltellurenyl anions, which are formed during reactions of (MesTe)2 with ZnI2, phenanthroline (phen) and iodine. [Zn(phen)3][MesTe(I)2] (1), [Zn(phen)3][{MesTe(I)-(I)…Te(I)Mes}{MesTeI2}] (2) and [Zn(phen)3][MesTe(I)(I2)(I3)][MesTeI2] (3) are isolated depending on the amount of iodine used. The products contain tellurium atoms bonded to a variety of iodine species (I−, μ2-I−, I2 and I3−) and are, thus, perfectly suitable to explore the amphiphilic behavior of tellurium(II) and its relevance for the formation of non-covalent bonds, where tellurium acts as both donor and acceptor simultaneously. The character of chalcogen and halogen bonds are evaluated by the combination of crystallographic data and computational methods.
Photostabilisation of an omniphobic, drop-castable surface coating by transformation of a self-assembled supramolecular xerogel into a covalent polymer xerogel
Creators: name: Wasternack, Janos
name: White, Tom
name: Müller, Sebastian
name: Schalley, Christoph A.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: surface coating
subject: xerogel
subject: photostabilisation
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Simple drop-casting of a new gelator, incorporating a diacetylene core and fluorous ponytails, yields porous xerogels as surface coatings. The mechanical stability of such coatings is quantified with a self-devised scratch balance, introducing a simple and universal quantification method to compare the stability of μm-scale coatings. The diameters of the pores in the coatings can be controlled by the breath figure effect. The coatings display omniphobicity with static contact angles of up to 139° (water) and 96° (n-decane). The coatings are topochemically polymerised by UV irradiation, enhancing the mechanical stability by up to four times. Simultaneously, the water and n-decane contact angles are increased by about 9° and 4° respectively due to a slight increase in surface roughness.
Fingernail Cortisol: A Biological Signal of Lifetime Major Depressive Disorder
Creators: name: Schumacher, Sarah
name: Laufer, Sebastian
name: Fischer, Susanne
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biomarkers,
subject: Cortisol,
subject: Depression,
subject: Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis,
subject: Stress
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: Introduction: Elevated levels of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis hormone cortisol are a frequently replicated finding in major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the current state of research is inconclusive as to whether hypercortisolism represents a trait- or state-like biological signal of MDD. The aim of the present study was to investigate, for the first time, whether cortisol in fingernails, a highly accessible tissue, could distinguish currently remitted individuals with MDD from healthy controls. A further aim was to identify potential confounders of nail cortisol. Methods: A total of N = 100 individuals from the general population were recruited. A structured clinical interview was administered, which resulted in two groups: n = 48 with lifetime MDD and n = 52 healthy controls. All participants answered questions on sociodemographic, lifestyle, and psychosocial characteristics. They also grew their nails for 14 days and cut them for the subsequent determination of cortisol. Results: The groups differed in their nail cortisol concentrations, such that the individuals with lifetime MDD had significantly higher concentrations than the healthy controls (p = 0.041). Within the group of individuals with lifetime MDD, the number of experienced episodes was significantly correlated with cortisol (p = 0.011). Income emerged as the only significant confounder of cortisol (p = 0.008). Conclusion: Elevated fingernail cortisol appears to be a biological signal of MDD, even in the absence of a current major depressive episode. Its high accessibility and robustness render it a promising methodology for remote research as well as for the integration of biomarkers into clinical research and practice.
Behavioral individuality reveals genetic control of phenotypic variability
Creators: name: Ayroles, Julien F.
name: Buchanan, Sean M.
name: Jenney, Chelsea
name: Skutt-Kakaria, Kyobi
name: Grenier, Jennifer
name: Clark, Andrew G.
name: Hartl, Daniel L.
name: de Bivort, Benjamin L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Variability is ubiquitous in nature and a fundamental feature of complex systems. Few studies, however, have investigated variance itself as a trait under genetic control. By focusing primarily on trait means and ignoring the effect of alternative alleles on trait variability, we may be missing an important axis of genetic variation contributing to phenotypic differences among individuals. To study genetic effects on individual-to-individual phenotypic variability (or intragenotypic variability), we used a panel of Drosophila inbred lines and focused on locomotor handedness, in an assay optimized to measure variability. We discovered that some lines had consistently high levels of intragenotypic variability among individuals while others had low levels. We demonstrate that the degree of variability is itself heritable. Using a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for the degree of intragenotypic variability as the phenotype across lines, we identified several genes expressed in the brain that affect variability in handedness without affecting the mean. One of these genes, Ten-a, implicated a neuropil in the central complex of the fly brain as influencing the magnitude of behavioral variability, a brain region involved in sensory integration and locomotor coordination. We have validated these results using genetic deficiencies, null alleles, and inducible RNAi transgenes. This study reveals the constellation of phenotypes that can arise from a single genotype and it shows that different genetic backgrounds differ dramatically in their propensity for phenotypic variability. Because traditional mean-focused GWASs ignore the contribution of variability to overall phenotypic variation, current methods may miss important links between genotype and phenotype.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables
A survey on text generation using generative adversarial networks
Creators: name: de Rosa, Gustavo Henrique
name: Papa, João Paulo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This work presents a thorough review concerning recent studies and text generation advancements using Generative Adversarial Networks. The usage of adversarial learning for text generation is promising as it provides alternatives to generate the so-called "natural" language. Nevertheless, adversarial text generation is not a simple task as its foremost architecture, the Generative Adversarial Networks, were designed to cope with continuous information (image) instead of discrete data (text). Thus, most works are based on three possible options, i.e., Gumbel-Softmax differentiation, Reinforcement Learning, and modified training objectives. All alternatives are reviewed in this survey as they present the most recent approaches for generating text using adversarial-based techniques. The selected works were taken from renowned databases, such as Science Direct, IEEEXplore, Springer, Association for Computing Machinery, and arXiv, whereas each selected work has been critically analyzed and assessed to present its objective, methodology, and experimental results.
Tissue-based absolute quantification using large-scale TMT and LFQ experiments
Creators: name: Wang, Hong
name: Dai, Chengxin
name: Pfeuffer, Julianus
name: Sachsenberg, Timo
name: Sanchez, Aniel
name: Bai, Mingze
name: Perez-Riverol, Yasset
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: absolute protein expression
subject: proteomics data reanalysis
subject: public data
subject: TMT
subject: LFQ
subject: big data
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Relative and absolute intensity-based protein quantification across cell lines, tissue atlases and tumour datasets is increasingly available in public datasets. These atlases enable researchers to explore fundamental biological questions, such as protein existence, expression location, quantity and correlation with RNA expression. Most studies provide MS1 feature-based label-free quantitative (LFQ) datasets; however, growing numbers of isobaric tandem mass tags (TMT) datasets remain unexplored. Here, we compare traditional intensity-based absolute quantification (iBAQ) proteome abundance ranking to an analogous method using reporter ion proteome abundance ranking with data from an experiment where LFQ and TMT were measured on the same samples. This new TMT method substitutes reporter ion intensities for MS1 feature intensities in the iBAQ framework. Additionally, we compared LFQ-iBAQ values to TMT-iBAQ values from two independent large-scale tissue atlas datasets (one LFQ and one TMT) using robust bottom-up proteomic identification, normalisation and quantitation workflows.