cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Cooperative Behavior of Kinetically Constrained Lattice Gas Models of Glassy Dynamics
Creators: name: Toninelli, C.
name: Biroli, G.
name: Fisher, D. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kinetically constrained lattice models of glasses introduced by Kob and Andersen (KA) are analyzed. It is proved that only two behaviors are possible on hypercubic lattices: either ergodicity at all densities or trivial non-ergodicity, depending on the constraint parameter and the dimensionality. But in the ergodic cases, the dynamics is shown to be intrinsically cooperative at high densities giving rise to glassy dynamics as observed in simulations. The cooperativity is characterized by two length scales whose behavior controls finite-size effects: these are essential for interpreting simulations. In contrast to hypercubic lattices, on Bethe lattices KA models undergo a dynamical (jamming) phase transition at a critical density: this is characterized by diverging time and length scales and a discontinuous jump in the long-time limit of the density autocorrelation function. By analyzing generalized Bethe lattices (with loops) that interpolate between hypercubic lattices and standard Bethe lattices, the crossover between the dynamical transition that exists on these lattices and its absence in the hypercubic lattice limit is explored. Contact with earlier results are made via analysis of the related Fredrickson-Andersen models, followed by brief discussions of universality, of other approaches to glass transitions, and of some issues relevant for experiments.
description: 59 pages
Making meaning of heritage landscapes : the politics of redevelopment in Halifax, N.S.
Creators: name: Barber, Lachlan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: My research is concerned with uncovering the political and cultural ideologies implicit in the maintenance and reproduction of heritage landscapes. Employing a mixed methods approach involving textual analysis, participant observation and expert interviews, I study debates over development and heritage in Halifax, Nova Scotia and their material outcomes. Proposals for development in the city's downtown see the formation of "textual communities," groups that share a similar reading of landscape, planning texts or heritage, that face off in public hearing, in court rooms and in the media. I identify two such communities, one which sees the heritage aesthetic as an important marker of place-based identities, the other which considers heritage flexible and secondary to economic growth. I draw on theoretical insights by scholars of the new cultural geography who view landscape as a text through which cultural processes are negotiated. I also consider theorizations of the concept of "heritage," and the production and consumption o f heritage through processes of gentrification. In Halifax, the heritage aesthetic is to be found in symbols, styles and objects that reference the maritime and naval activity that was central to the city's founding and expansion as a British military defense centre. Following Duncan and Duncan (2004: 4), I argue that "landscape as an aesthetic production acts as a subtle but highly effective mechanism of exclusion." The modes of representation and forums of debate through which the urban landscape and its heritage resources are maintained, reproduced and transformed are controlled by politically and economically powerful individuals and special interest groups. The majority of the city's residents, however, are excluded from these debates. I conclude that gentrification appears to be the compromise between pro-heritage and pro-growth forces because it simultaneously offers the promise of economic reinvigoration and the maintenance of heritage resources. Meanwhile, this historic downtown becomes an increasingly exclusive "boutique landscape of consumption" (Reid and Smith 1993).
A simple superconductor quantum interference device for testing gravity
Creators: name: Hammad, Fayçal
name: Landry, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple tabletop setup based on a superconducting quantum interference device is proposed for testing the gravitational interaction. A D-shaped superconducting loop has the straight segment immersed inside a massive sphere while the half-circle segment is wrapped around the sphere. The superconducting condensate within the straight arm of the loop thus bathes inside a gravitational simple harmonic oscillator potential while the condensate in the half-circle arm bathes in the constant gravitational potential around the sphere. The resulting phase difference at the Josephson junctions on both sides of the straight arm induces a sinusoidal electric current that has a frequency determined by the precise gravitational potential due to the massive sphere.
description: 20 pages, 1 figure, references updated, title slightly improved
Towards a Precision Cosmology from Starburst Galaxies at z>2
Creators: name: Siegel, E. R.
name: Guzmán, R.
name: Gallego, Jorge P.
name: López, M. Orduña
name: Hidalgo, P. Rodrí guez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work investigates the use of a well-known empirical correlation between the velocity dispersion, metallicity, and luminosity in H beta of nearby HII galaxies to measure the distances to HII-like starburst galaxies at high redshifts. This correlation is applied to a sample of 15 starburst galaxies with redshifts between z=2.17 and z=3.39 to constrain Omega_m, using data available from the literature. A best-fit value of Omega_m = 0.21 +0.30 -0.12 in a Lambda-dominated universe and of Omega_m = 0.11 +0.37 -0.19 in an open universe is obtained. A detailed analysis of systematic errors, their causes, and their effects on the values derived for the distance moduli and Omega_m is carried out. A discussion of how future work will improve constraints on Omega_m by reducing the errors is also presented.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
High-pressure polymeric nitrogen allotrope with the black phosphorus structure
Creators: name: Laniel, Dominique
name: Winkler, Bjoern
name: Fedotenko, Timofey
name: Pakhomova, Anna
name: Chariton, Stella
name: Milman, Victor
name: Prakapenka, Vitali
name: Dubrovinsky, Leonid
name: Dubrovinskaia, Natalia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Studies of polynitrogen phases are of great interest for fundamental science and for the design of novel high energy density materials. Laser heating of pure nitrogen at 140 GPa in a diamond anvil cell led to the synthesis of a polymeric nitrogen allotrope with the black phosphorus structure, bp-N. The structure was identified in situ using synchrotron single-crystal X-ray diffraction and further studied by Raman spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations. The discovery of bp-N brings nitrogen in line with heavier pnictogen elements, resolves incongruities regarding polymeric nitrogen phases and provides insights into polynitrogen arrangements at extreme densities.
ZMIANY SEZONOWOŚCI CEN ZIEMNIAKÓW W POLSCE
Creators: name: Rembeza, Jerzy
name: Rembeza, Jerzy
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: prices
subject: seasonality
subject: potatoes

description: The article presents the changes in the level and distribution of seasonal fluctuations in the prices of potato in Poland in the years 1995-2014. It was found a strong decline of seasonal price fluctuations, resulting primarily from the flattening of seasonal price increases during the summer, and the disappearance of seasonal price declines in the spring. In addition to the structural determinants represented in the model by the time variable changes in price seasonality was affected by interest rates.
Exactness of SWKB for Shape Invariant Potentials
Creators: name: Gangopadhyaya, Asim
name: Mallow, Jeffry V.
name: Rasinariu, Constantin
name: Bougie, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The supersymmetry based semiclassical method (SWKB) is known to produce exact spectra for conventional shape invariant potentials. In this paper we prove that this exactness follows from their additive shape invariance.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures; Accepted for publication in Physics Letters A
Goods provision through agriculture in the new financial framework of the European Union
Creators: name: Biernat-Jarka, Agnieszka
name: Biernat-Jarka, Agnieszka
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: International Development
subject: European public goods
subject: budget
subject: the European Union
subject: Europe 2020
subject: Multiannual Financial Framework

description: The paper aims to explain funding European public goods from the EU budget. The author characterises categories of goods and refers to the current EU financial perspective. Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) offers a range of measures to support the types of farming, management practices needed for the provision of public goods, both environmental and social. In addition to biodiversity and landscape, agriculture can also help to provide other environmental public goods, such as high quality air, soil and water and a stable climate as well as improve the resilience of land to natural disasters. Agriculture also plays an essential role in delivering other public goods, including food security and rural vitality.
title: Literacy At Transition : An Exploration Of The Continuities And Discontinuities In Literacy Practices Across Secondary Transfer And Their Implications For Literacy Development
Creators: name: Manford, Penelope Ann
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2001

description: Literacy at Transition, an interpretative study adopting the sociocultural perspective of literacy as a situated social practice, offers an “experiential” (Murdoch, 1986) examination of commonalities and differences in cross-phase literacy practices. Designed as a small ethnographic case study set in four multiethnic inner city schools, it draws on the research traditions of sociolinguistics and classroom literacy research to look qualitatively at literacy practices in Years 6 and 7 (for pupils aged 10-1 1 and 11-12, hereafter Y6 and Y7). Data collection methods include observation and interview, with data recorded in open-ended fieldnotes and research journal. Progressive focusing and content analysis are used to identify themes and develop a new analytical framework.

 Eight key characteristics of the literacy practices are identified. Literacy is an “autonomous” and “ideological” models (Street, 1984), and fulfils an important function as meaning maker. In Y6 literacy is at the centre of the curriculum as an object of study, whereas in Y7 its value is as a tool to “get something done”. Pedagogical approaches differ but in both phases teacher literacy occupies the dominant position within the classroom literacy practices.

 Contributing to the fields of classroom literacy research, primary-secondary school transition and research methodology, this study fulfils a research need for a study which examines the teaching and learning experiences of pupils at the stage of transition from primary to secondary school (DfEE, 1999a). Its description of particular literacy practices adds to the collection of studies of classroom literacy practices. Its analytic framework foregrounds What is literacy?, Whose literacy? and How is literacy developed?, discussing issues of subject positions, literacy and power, and the relationship between teacher understanding and beliefs about literacy and the pedagogical approaches adopted. In addition the study provides a synthesis of the literature relevant to school literacy practices at the stage of primary-secondary transition. Issues of reactivity to changing researcher status and the value of informant contributions are also highlighted.

 Further experiential studies of aspects of primary-secondary literacy practices and implications for practice are suggested, including the need for enhanced teacher understanding and experience of cross-phase literacy practices; literacy training for secondary subject teachers; valuing and building on pupils’ existing literacy skills; explicit explanation of cross-phase differences to pupils; “planned discontinuity”, and greater recognition and responsiveness to the multiple literacies operating within the educational arena.
Pseudo-Euclidean Billiards within Confocal Curves on the Hyperboloid of One Sheet
Creators: name: Gasiorek, Sean
name: Radnovic, Milena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 70H06, 70H12, 37J35, 37J46 (Primary) 14H70, 37J38, 37J39 (Secondary)

description: We consider a billiard problem for compact domains bounded by confocal conics on a hyperboloid of one sheet in the Minkowski space. We show that there are two types of confocal families in such setting. Using an algebro-geometric integration technique, we prove that the billiard within generalized ellipses of each type is integrable in the sense of Liouville. Further, we prove a generalization of the Poncelet theorem and derive Cayley-type conditions for periodic trajectories and explore geometric consequences.
description: 30 pages, 15 figures
Plant protection products versus changes in the natural environment and their impact on the human health
Creators: name: Żak, Agata
name: Żak, Agata
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: agriculture
subject: pesticides
subject: changes in the environment
subject: wildlife habitats
subject: epigenetics
subject: human health

description: Farmers wanting to meet the global competition increasingly often use chemical agents to increase yields. However, more and more research confirms the assumptions of scientists on the negative impact of pesticides on life forms. Research points to a significant statistical linkage between the use of plant protection products and higher risk of developmental disorders, neurological disorders and certain forms of cancer. These disorders might be transferred to the next generations through changes in the gene expression, which are not connected to changes in the DNA sequence. The paper is to present the risks for the natural environment following from the use of pesticides in agriculture, which is also linked to human health.
title: Verwertung nicht betriebsnotwendiger Liegenschaften : Fallbeispiel Betriebsregion Nord der Energie Steiermark
Creators: name: Hirschmugl, Walter
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Non-Property-Company
subject: Energiedienstleistungsunternehmen
subject: Infrastrukturunternehmen
subject: Nicht betriebsnotwendiges Vermögen
subject: Check-List zur Verwertung

description: Energiedienstleistungsunternehmen, bisher typische Vertreter der 'Non-Property-Companies', binden hohe Kapitalwerte in unbebauten und bebauten Liegenschaften. Diese Immobilien werden zunehmend als Erfolgsfaktor der unternehmerischen Tätigkeit gesehen. Voraussetzung dafür ist ein konsequentes und ganzheitliches Immobilienmanagement für betriebsnotwendige und nicht betriebsnotwendige Liegenschaften. Die betriebsnotwendigen Objekte tragen aufgrund ihrer überwiegend technischen Nutzung direkt zum Unternehmenserfolg bei. Durch die technologischen Entwicklungen, wie z.B. die Automatisierung, die Wegzeitverkürzung und die Digitalisierung aller Komponenten, werden Liegenschaften zunehmend in den Status der Nichtbetriebsnotwendigkeit gedrängt. Die Rahmenbedingungen u.a. mit erhöhtem Markt-, Regulierungs- und damit Erlös- und Kostendruck, dem verstärkten, kapitalintensiven technischen Ausbau, um den geforderten Qualitätsstandards weiterhin entsprechen zu können, dem fortgeschrittenen Baualter und Instandhaltungszustand der Objekte, lässt das betriebliche Immobilienmanagement, insbesondere für die nicht betriebsnotwendigen Liegenschaften, in den Fokus der 'energienahen' Unternehmen rücken, die übergeordnet auch Nachhaltigkeits- und Energieeffizienzzielen verpflichtet sind. Die Ausarbeitung eines immobilienwirtschaftlichen Konzepts im Rahmen der Unternehmensstrategie, die professionelle Erfassung, Analyse und Bewertung des Immobilien-Portfolios nach immobilienwirtschaftlichen Kriterien, die profunde Entscheidungsvorbereitung und Umsetzung der Verwertungsvarianten für Einzelobjekte, z.B. mit der Vermietung, dem Um- oder Rückbau, dem Aufsetzen von Projektentwicklungen, dem Verkauf bis zum Abriss, oder dem Halten von Grundstücksreserven für zukünftige infrastrukturelle Entwicklungen, sind die Herausforderungen für ein betriebliches Immobilienmanagement, insbesondere für Sonder- bzw. Spezialimmobilien, die aufgrund ihrer spezifischen Eigenschaften, geringe Marktfähigkeit und Konvertibilität aufweisen. Die Masterthese 'Verwertung nicht betriebsnotwendiger Liegenschaften - Fallbeispiel Nord der Energie Steiermark' soll das Corporate Real Estate Management (CREM) in einem Infrastrukturunternehmen forcieren, und durch konsequentes und aktives Immobilienmanagement, nachhaltig zum Unternehmenserfolg beitragen.
A SW Ka-Band Linearizer Structure with Minimum Surface Electric Field for the Compact Light XLS Project
Creators: name: Behtouei, Mostafa
name: Faillace, Luigi
name: Spataro, Bruno
name: Variola, Alessandro
name: Migliorati, Mauro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is a strong demand for accelerating structures able to achieve higher gradients and more compact dimensions for the next generation of linear accelerators for research, industrial and medical applications. In the framework of the Compact Light XLS project, an ultra high gradient higher harmonic RF accelerating structure is needed for the linearization of the longitudinal space phase. In order to determine the maximum sustainable gradients in normal conducting RF powered particle beam accelerators with extremely low probability of RF breakdown, investigations are in progress for using shorts accelerating structures in the Ka-band regime. We here report an electromagnetic design of a compact linearizer standing wave (SW) accelerating structure 8 cm long operating on $π$ mode, third harmonic with respect to the Linac frequency (11.994 GHz) with a 100 MV/m accelerating gradient and minimum surface electric field. Numerical electromagnetic studies have been performed by using the well known SuperFish, HFSS and CST computing software.
Drivers of agricultural land prices in terms of different functions of rural areas in Poland
Creators: name: Czyżewski, Bazyli
name: Trojanek, Radosław
name: Czyżewski, Bazyli
name: Trojanek, Radosław
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Public Economics
subject: agricultural policy
subject: hedonic regression
subject: land prices
subject: public goods

description: According to many researches, decoupled CAP subsidies capitalised on land prices. Most studies on land prices carried out in Europe relate to the SPS system and marginal changes in land values are noted as a result of the subsidising of agriculture. In the SAPS system, used in the new EU-12 Member States, these issues have not been sufficiently investigated. An attempt is made to fill these gaps by studying the drivers of land values in a leading agricultural region of Poland based on a sample of 653 transactions from 2010-2013. The aim is to establish what land use values, amenities and payments for public goods contribute to land values in the SAPS system. The hypothesis is proposed that the key factors for land value are location-specific factors identified according to the economic functions of a given area. Thus, four log-linear models of hedonic regression are estimated (using GLS) for different types of rural areas. The models employ both parcel-level attributes and agricultural policy variables. Results include the observation that single area payments contribute now to land value mainly in the peripheral areas and payments for public goods under SAPS decapitalize the value of land, because they do not compensate for the opportunity costs related to alternative ways of deriving rent from the land.
Gravitational Decoherence of Dark Matter
Creators: name: Allali, Itamar
name: Hertzberg, Mark P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Decoherence describes the tendency of quantum sub-systems to dynamically lose their quantum character. This happens when the quantum sub-system of interest interacts and becomes entangled with an environment that is traced out. For ordinary macroscopic systems, electromagnetic and other interactions cause rapid decoherence. However, dark matter (DM) may have the unique possibility of exhibiting naturally prolonged macroscopic quantum properties due to its weak coupling to its environment, particularly if it only interacts gravitationally. In this work, we compute the rate of decoherence for light DM in the galaxy, where a local density has its mass, size, and location in a quantum superposition. The decoherence is via the gravitational interaction of the DM overdensity with its environment, provided by ordinary matter. We focus on relatively robust configurations: DM perturbations that involve an overdensity followed by an underdensity, with no monopole, such that it is only observable at relatively close distances. We use non-relativistic scattering theory with a Newtonian potential generated by the overdensity to determine how a probe particle scatters off of it and thereby becomes entangled. As an application, we consider light scalar DM, including axions. In the galactic halo, we use diffuse hydrogen as the environment, while near the earth, we use air as the environment. For an overdensity whose size is the typical DM de Broglie wavelength, we find that the decoherence rate in the halo is higher than the present Hubble rate for DM masses $m_a \lesssim 5 \times 10^{-7}$eV and in earth based experiments it is higher than the classical field coherence rate for $m_a \lesssim 10^{-6}$eV. When spreading of the states occurs, the rates can become much faster, as we quantify. Also, we establish that DM BECs decohere very rapidly and so are very well described by classical field theory.
description: 40 pages, 5 figures. V2: Further clarifications. Updated towards version accepted for publication in JCAP
title: Spatial and Thematic Ontology in Cultural Heritage Information Systems
Creators: name: Alani, Harith
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2001

description: This project investigated the design and implementation of a knowledge-based system for thematic and spatial access to information about archaeological artefacts. The project explored the use of an integrated spatial and thematic ontology to address many problems related to the search and retrieval of archaeological information. One common problem is the frequent mismatch between the terminology employed by users to access the information, and that used by developers to index it. Systems may lack the capability to process queries with loose information demand, since they are unable to imprecisely match query terms. Another challenging area is that of handling the spatial information associated with archaeological artefacts. Places normally have different version of names, often change in size, boundaries, and centroid co-ordinates. Generating appropriate spatial footprints to adequately represent their extents and infer their spatial relationships forms another challenging area. Several methods and approaches were investigated in this project to overcome the above problems. The ontology was designed to handle different versions of place names and ease the terminology problem by controlling vocabulary using integrated spatial and thematic thesauri. Semantic distance measures were employed to imprecisely match query terms, providing ranked lists of similar objects. A thematic measure was developed based on semantic-path traversals to expand artefact types. The project explored some of the main issues affecting the use of associative thesaurus relationships in query expansion. One approach found useful was to specialise these relationships and select which ones to activate based on the query context. The spatial domain in the ontology was constructed from a geographical thesaurus, enriched with spatial relationships. Spatial distance measures were used to provide more flexible retrieval for queries with spatial content. The two main spatial measures developed in this project were based on some of the common spatial information provided by most gazetteers, such as centroid co-ordinates and administrative hierarchies. Place co-ordinates were used to measure similarity of places according to Euclidean distances, while the hierarchical associations of places were useful to measure place similarity when administrative divisions are important or when co-ordinates are not available. A dynamic spatial approximation method was developed that uses sparse spatial information to generate approximated boundaries, and can be employed to infer topological, proximity, and directional information.
Stability of Homogeneous Extra Dimensions
Creators: name: Bringmann, Torsten
name: Eriksson, Martin
name: Gustafsson, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order not to be in conflict with observations it is crucial that extra dimensions, if they exist, are stable. It is shown that in the context of homogeneous extra dimensions, this can easily be achieved during both (4D) radiation and vacuum energy dominated eras of the cosmological evolution. During matter domination, however, there is no such possibility even for a very general class of stabilization mechanisms. Even if extra dimensions could be stabilized during matter domination, it is argued that they are generically time-varying during any transition period, such as the one from radiation to matter domination.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures. To appear in the proceedings of the "Phi in the Sky" conference, 8-10 July 2004, Porto, Portugual
Open Charm Production at STAR
Creators: name: Zhang, Haibin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the open charm spectra at mid-rapidity from direct reconstruction of D0, D* and D+/- in d+Au collisions at sqrt(sNN)=200 GeV using the STAR detector at RHIC. The indirect electron/positron measurements via charm semileptonic decays in p+p and d+Au collisions are also reported. The total c\bar(c) cross section per nucleon-nucleon collision is extracted from both direct and indirect measurements and are consistent with each other. By combining the D0 and semileptonic measurements together, the cross section of 1.4+/-0.2+/-0.4 mb is higher than expectations from PYTHIA and other pQCD calculations. The open charm pT distribution from direct measurements covers the pT range up to ~10 GeV/c and follows a power-law distribution.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, proceedings for Hot Quark 04 Conference. submitted to J. Phys. G: Nucl. Phys
Search for Scalar Leptoquark Pairs Decaying to $ν\bar νq \bar q$ in \ppbar Collisions at $\sqrt {s} = 1.96$ TeV
Creators: name: CDF Collaboration
name: Acosta, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a search for the pair production of scalar leptoquarks, $LQ$, using 191 pb$^{-1}$ of proton-antiproton collision data recorded by the CDF experiment during Run II of the Tevatron. The leptoquarks are sought via their decay into a neutrino and quark yielding missing transverse energy and several jets of large transverse energy. No evidence for leptoquark production is observed, and limits are set on $σ(p\bar p\to LQ\bar{LQ} X \to ν\barνq\bar q X)$. Using a next-to-leading order theoretical prediction of the cross section for scalar leptoquark production, we exclude first-generation leptoquarks in the mass interval 78 to 117 GeV$/c^2$ at the 95% confidence level for BR($LQ\to νq)=100%$.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, Submitted to PRL
The Lens Redshift and Group Environment for HE 0435-1223
Creators: name: Morgan, Nicholas D.
name: Kochanek, Christopher S.
name: Pevunova, Olga
name: Schechter, Paul L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The redshift of the galaxy lensing HE 0435-1223 is 0.4546 +/- 0.0002, based on observations obtained with the Low Dispersion Survey Spectrograph 2 (LDSS2) on the Magellan Consortium's 6.5 m Clay telescope. HST/ACS observations of the system also reveal a spiral-rich group of 10 galaxies within 40" of the elliptical lensing galaxy. The redshifts for two of these galaxies were measured to be in the foreground (at z=0.419) with respect to the lens, thus at least some of the nearby galaxies are not part of the same physical group as the lensing galaxy. Mass models of the system (assuming same-plane deflectors) that take the local group environment into account do better at explaining the observed emission-line flux ratios (which are presumably unaffected by microlensing) than single halo models, but the match is still not perfect. In particular, component A (a minimum of the light travel time) is observed to be 0.20 mag brighter than predicted and component C (also a minimum image) is observed to be 0.16 mag fainter than predicted. Mass models for the system predict an A-D time delay of either 15.8 or 17.6 days (Ho = 72 km/s/Mpc) depending on the details of the local galaxy environment.
description: 10 pages, 6 postscript figures. Submitted to AJ
A fresh look at the influence of gravity on the quantum Hall effect
Creators: name: Hammad, F.
name: Landry, A.
name: Mathieu, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the quantum Hall effect inside a gravitational field. First, we review the influence of the gravitational field of the Earth on the quantum Hall effect. Taking the gravitational field of the Earth to be uniform along the vertical direction, we compute the affected quantized Hall resistivity. Then, we investigate how the gravitational field modifies the Landau levels of a particle moving between two massive hemispheres in the presence of a constant and uniform magnetic field perpendicular to the plane of motion. We find that the familiar degeneracy of the Landau levels is removed and the spacing between the latter becomes dependent on the mass density of the hemispheres and on the gravitational constant $G$. We use this result to show that the quantum Hall effect in a thin conductor, sandwiched between two massive hemispheres, should yield a slightly different variation of the Hall resistivity with the applied magnetic field. We then argue that the well-known problem of the gravitationally induced electric field, that might a priori be thought to hinder the effect of gravity, has actually a beneficial role as it amplifies the latter. We finally discuss whether there is a possibility of using the quantum Hall effect to probe the inverse-square law of gravity.
description: 35 pages, 3 figures, references updated
Impact of distribution of the agricultural property stock of the state treasury on the structure of agricuktural holdings in 1996-2010
Creators: name: Dzun, Włodzimierz
name: Dzun, Włodzimierz
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: farms
subject: ownership structure
subject: legal and organisational structure
subject: area structure
subject: Agricultural Property Stock of the State Treasury
subject: Agricultural Property Agency of the State Treasury
subject: Agricultural Property Agency

description: As a result of “primary” distribution of the Agricultural Property Stock of the State Treasury (1992-1996), the structure of agricultural holdings changed considerably as regards ownership, legal and organisational issues and area. However, these changes clearly deviated from the adopted assumptions. The crucial goal of speeding up ownership changes, thus improving the agrarian structure of the existing individual farms, was executed to a minor degree. What was established, though, was a substantial group of large-area farms of natural persons and private legal entities. Therefore, a trend to correct the structure was increasingly more clear in agricultural policy. The paper attempts to assess its effects. The analyses held show that the corrections failed to bring considerable effects. The impact of distribution of the Agricultural Property Stock of the State Treasury after 1996 was slight and gradually dropping. The changes in the structure of holdings in the pre-accession period continued the trends noted in 1992-1996. Also in the post-accession period the operations of the Agency had no greater impact on extension of farms of natural persons of 1-100 ha, including farms of 20-100 ha, i.e. strong family farms. Changes in this group of farms took place primarily under the influence of liquidation of small-area farms, family sections of farms, private land trade and land rents from other entities than Agricultural Property Agency of the State Treasury (now Agricultural Property Agency). Whereas the actions of the Agency, in particular based on the statutory provisions on counteracting excessive concentration of agricultural land of 2003 – which consisted in “secondary” distribution of land belonging to the State Treasury – had an important impact on the development of the group of farms of natural persons of 100 ha and more, and its structure, especially on accelerating development in the group of 100-300 ha and hindering development in the groups of farms of 500 ha and more. These changes largely followed from adjusting farms of natural persons to the upper area limit of family farms set by the legislator at 300 ha of UAA.
Sigma(1385) Results and Status of the Theta^{+} in STAR
Creators: name: Salur, Sevil
name: Collaboration, for STAR
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Sigma(1385) analysis and the current status of pentaquark search with the STAR detector are reported. The corrected p_{T} spectra and the yields of the Sigma ^{\pm}(1385) and their antiparticles in the most central Au+Au as well as elementary p+p collisions are presented. A comparison of the of observed particles suggests a similar behavior for particles with mass greater than 1.2 GeV in p+p and Au+Au collision environments. Acceptance and efficiency studies with simulations show that the (anti)pentaquarks should be found at the 3% level.
description: Invited talk to be appear in the Hot Quarks 2004 Workshop for young scintists on the physics of ultrarelativistic nucleus nucleus collisions proceedings
Short-distance HLbL contributions to the muon anomalous magnetic moment beyond perturbation theory
Creators: name: Bijnens, Johan
name: Hermansson-Truedsson, Nils
name: Laub, Laetitia
name: Rodríguez-Sánchez, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hadronic light-by-light contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment depends on an integration over three off-shell momenta squared ($Q_i^2$) of the correlator of four electromagnetic currents and the fourth leg at zero momentum. We derive the short-distance expansion of this correlator in the limit where all three $Q_i^2$ are large and in the Euclidean domain in QCD. This is done via a systematic operator product expansion (OPE) in a background field which we construct. The leading order term in the expansion is the massless quark loop. We also compute the non-perturbative part of the next-to-leading contribution, which is suppressed by quark masses, and the chiral limit part of the next-to-next-to leading contributions to the OPE. We build a renormalisation program for the OPE. The numerical role of the higher-order contributions is estimated and found to be small.
description: 53 pages, analytical results as FORM output included as results.txt, some references added, misprints corrected, one figure changed
Additional file 1 of Thenar oxygen saturation (StO2) alterations during a spontaneous breathing trial predict extubation failure
Creators: name: Mesquida, Jaume
name: Gruartmoner, Guillem
name: Espinal, Cristina
name: Masip, Jordi
name: Sabatier, Caroline
name: Villagrá, Ana
name: Gómez, Hernando
name: Pinsky, Michael
name: Baigorri, Francisco
name: Artigas, Antonio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Suspected etiology of extubation failure.
Built to last : new construction in the west Fraserlands
Creators: name: Begin, Nate
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This project explores the sustainable landscape design at the residential scale. Landscape architecture at the residential scale often sacrifices sustainable building and design principles for an aesthetic that, under many current construction practices, requires huge amounts of energy inputs to maintain and often display a limited lifespan. These landscapes often do not work to enhance passive energy gains, are water wasters and do not address habitat issues. In addition, many residential landscapes do not integrate with the surrounding community context. Research into sustainable landscape theories shows that energy inputs, built-form lifespan and ecological function have the greatest impact on a residential project's contribution to sustainability or lack thereof. Designing with local materials, building easily maintained forms, handling wastewater on-site and creating site specific and regionally appropriate habitat patches and links will lead to a more sustainable condition, regardless of the design form. Discovering the character of the surrounding community and addressing this through design is essential. Analysis at the regional, community and site scale provided a base from which to create a design that: 1. treats energy, water, and material flows in a sustainable manner, 2. creates habitat patches and linkages that are site specific and appropriate to the parcel's position in the region and 3. integrates the development into the existing character and fabric of the community.
title: Evaluating usability of e-commerce sites by tracking eye movements
Creators: name: Tzanidou, Ekaterini
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2006

description: The majority of existing e-commerce design guidelines has been derived by conducting heuristic evaluations, without reporting the involvement of the users themselves. This research provides clarification on a number of existing web design guidelines for e-commerce sites based on empirical studies with users. Four studies were conducted and each study focused on a specific set of design guidelines as found in the literature. A combined qualitative and quantitative approach has been used, including a state-of-the-art technique, eye tracking. The eye movement data were complemented by user-profile data elicited through background questionnaires and user-perception data as captured through semi-structured interviews. The first study investigated users’ initial impressions of homepages of e-commerce sites. The second study examined users’ adaptability to persistent or varied placement of design elements. The third and fourth studies explored the effect of the presentation format of e-commerce web pages: the first in terms of the proportion of images, and the second in terms of how key icons related to an e-commerce transaction were presented. On the whole, the results of the studies corroborated existing design guidelines, but they also identified potential refinements. The thesis contributes both methodologically and empirically to Human-Computer Interaction. The combined methodological approach enables insight into the user experience that spans behavioural aspects such as visual search behaviour and visual search performance data, and subjective aspects such as user expectations and preferences. The empirical outcomes amplify the design guidelines from a user’s perspective.
Information and decoherence in a muon-fluorine coupled system
Creators: name: Wilkinson, J. M.
name: Blundell, S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The unitary evolution of a quantum system preserves its coherence, but interactions between the system and its environment result in decoherence, a process in which the quantum information stored in the system becomes degraded. A spin-polarized positively-charged muon implanted in a fluoride crystal realises such a coherent quantum system, and the entanglement of muon and nearest-neighbour fluorine nuclear spins gives rise to an oscillatory time-dependence of the muon polarization which can be detected and measured. Here we show that the decohering effect of more distant nuclear spins can be precisely modelled, allowing a very detailed description of the decoherence processes coupling the muon-fluorine 'system' with its 'environment', and allowing us to track the system entropy as the quantum information degrades. These results show how to precisely quantify the spin relaxation of muons implanted into quantum entangled states in fluoride crystals, a feature that has hitherto only been described phenomenologically.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 5 of A powerful microbial group association test based on the higher criticism analysis for sparse microbial association signals
Creators: name: Hyunwook Koh
name: Zhao, Ni
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5: Figure S4. Power estimates for MiHC compared with the prior tests, HC, aMiAD, aMiSPU and OMiRKAT (n=100) (Unit: %). A. For the randomly selected OTUs (i.e., Λ = {2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10% or 12% random OTUs}. B. For the phylogenetically relevant OTUs (i.e., Λ = {2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10% or 12% phylogenetically close OTUs}).
Dilemmas of budget support to agricultural investments
Creators: name: Kulawik, Jacek
name: Kulawik, Jacek
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: International Development
subject: financial and credit interventionism in agriculture
subject: agricultural investments
subject: efficiency of agricultural investments

description: Agricultural investments are the key determinant of economic growth and development of the sector, its flexibility and stability as well as better income and civilisational situation of farmers. Their funding is a serious challenge, though. This follows from slow capital circulation – which is typical for agriculture, low and highly variable rate of equity creation and surplus cash. To this add failure and incompleteness of financial markets and, above all, loan in the surrounding of agriculture that are strongly underlined by Keynesian and Post-Keynesian economics. In such conditions, in most of the countries worldwide, state budget is involved in the area of agricultural investments. This support is most often direct, it influences the financial potential of agriculture and due to political economy mechanisms it tends to persist. Therefore, the methods of budget efficiency of the investment aid should, at one go, consider its allocative, redistributive and stabilising aspects. The review of empirical research results, demonstrated in the paper, shows that efficiency of the aid is usually low and can even strengthen the development problems of the agricultural sector, contributing to take up subsequent public interventions. Consequently, agricultural politicians and makers of the programmes, which provide funds to support agricultural investment, need to devote more attention to creating a climate indirectly encouraging to make investments and make available repayable instruments.
Sweeping a molecular Bose-Einstein condensate across a Feshbach resonance
Creators: name: Haque, Masudul
name: Stoof, H. T. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the dissociation of a molecular Bose-Einstein condensate during a magnetic-field sweep through a Feshbach resonance that starts on the molecular side of the resonance and ends on the atomic side. In particular, we determine the energy distribution of the atoms produced after the sweep. We find that the shape of the energy distribution strongly depends on the rate of the magnetic-field sweep, in a manner that is in good agreement with recent experiments.
description: 4.2 pages, 4 figures