cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Combining sense of place theory with the ecosystem services concept: empirical insights and reflections from a participatory mapping study
Creators: name: Gottwald, Sarah
name: Albert, Christian
name: Fagerholm, Nora
Publisher: name: Dordrecht [u.a.] : Springer Science + Business Media B.V.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cultural ecosystem services
subject: Participatory mapping
subject: Place attachment
subject: Place meanings
subject: PPGIS
subject: Relational values
subject: River landscape
subject: biodiversity
subject: ecosystem service
subject: empirical analysis
subject: GIS
subject: landscape ecology
subject: mapping method
subject: participatory approach
subject: sense of place
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::900 | Geschichte und Geografie::910 | Geografie, Reisen

description: Context: River landscapes represent hotspots for biodiversity and ecosystem services used and embraced by human agents. Changes in river landscapes are subjectively perceived by people and can be assessed through the lenses of cultural ecosystem services (CES) and sense of place (SOP). Objectives: This study aims to assess people–place relationships in a river landscape by integrating SOP theory and the CES concept and critically reflecting on their interplay. Research objectives relate to meanings and attachments attributed by citizens to places and the influence of the physical environment and socioeconomic settings. Methods: We employed a spatially meaningful place indicator in a public participation GIS survey, combining meanings elucidated through a free listing exercise and multiple-choice questions. Statistical analyses were employed to investigate relationships between meanings, place attachment, and environmental and social variables. Results: The results showed that (1) place meaning assessments can complement place attachment data by enhancing the understanding of relationships to biophysical and socioeconomic variables, and (2) combinations of both assessment approaches for place meanings showed that CESs were reflected in many free listed meaning types, dominantly related to forms or practices, but neglect relational values, such as “Heimat” (i.e., in German expression of the long-standing connection to an area) or memories. Conclusions: This paper explicates synergies between SOP theory and CES concept. CES research offers insights from spatial assessments, while SOP research provides theoretical depth regarding relational values linked to CES. This paper critically reflects the ostensible consent of understanding SOP as a CES and proposes considering SOP as an overarching theory for CES assessment. © 2021, The Author(s).
A new artificial material approach for flat THz frequency lenses
Creators: name: Savini, Giorgio
name: Ade, Peter A. R.
name: Zhang, Jin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stacked layers of metal meshes embedded in a dielectric substrate are routinely used for providing spectral selection at THz frequencies. Recent work has shown that particular geometries allow the refractive index to be tuned to produce practical artificial materials. Here we show that by spatially grading in the plane of the mesh we can manufacture a Graded Index (GrIn) thin flat lens optimized for use at THz frequencies. Measurements on a prototype lens show we are able to obtain the parabolic profile of a Woods type lens which is dependent only on the mesh parameters. This technique could realize other exotic optical devices.
description: This paper was published in Optics Express and is made available as an electronic reprint with the permission of OSA
title: Ecosystem Functioning of Great Salt Lake Wetlands
Creators: name: Pendleton, Maya Cassidy
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2019

description: The Great Salt Lake (GSL) wetlands account for ~75% of all Utah wetlands and provide not only critical habitat for millions of migratory birds, but also provide valuable ecosystem functions and services as well as economic benefits to Utahns. However, these wetlands are facing an aggressive invader, Phragmites australis, that has spreading across the GSL wetlands and replacing native wetland habitats. Wetland managers have spent countless resources and time trying to control the spread of P. australis and restore GSL wetlands. However, we do not fully understand how these wetlands functions and services are being altered with this habitat homogenization because functional data for our wetland species have not been well documented. This lack of knowledge may hinder wetland restoration efforts.

To create baseline functional data for the GSL wetland species and better understand how the spread of P. australis might be affecting the overall health of the system, I measured eight individual ecosystem functions for seven dominant habitat types found across the GSL wetlands. I compared these individual functions across habitat types as well as created two different multifunctionality indices using an averaging and a thresholds approach. With these comparisons, I was able to determine the distinct functional strengths of different wetland habitat types and their overall functional abilities.

I found that functional abilities varied greatly by habitat type and that not one single habitat could support every function even at the lowest threshold measured. I found that Typha latifolia, Schoenoplectus acutus, and P. australis, had the highest multifunctional values. However, I also found that some habitats offered unique functions, such as Salicornia rubra and playa, and that these functions were lacking in other habitats, including the most multifunctional habitats. These findings suggest that maintaining habitat heterogeneity will be critical in ensuring a fully functioning wetland system that can provide a multitude of ecosystems services that benefit both humans and wildlife. The findings of this study will supply wetland managers with a better understanding of the functional strengths of different wetland habitats. This data will aid in ongoing restoration efforts by enabling managers to target certain functions and create more efficient and effective management plans.
Hymenochaete subpurpurascens Berk. & Broome, J. Linn. Soc., Bot.
Creators: name: Karunarathna, Samantha C.
name: Priyashantha, K Hasith
name: Tibpromma, Saowaluck
name: Galappaththi, Mahesh C. A.
name: Premarathne, Bhagya M.
name: Wijayawardene, Nalin N.
name: Wimalasena, Madhara K.
name: Jayalal, Udeni
name: Wickramanayake, Kawmini D.
name: Dangalla, Hasanka
name: Jayathunga, Hashini
name: Brahmanage, Rashika S.
name: Weerakoon, Gothamie
name: Ariyawansa, Kahandawa G. S. U.
name: Yapa, Neelamanie
name: Nanayakkara, Chandrika M.
name: Ediriweera, Surani
name: Fan, Xin-Lei
name: Kirk, Paul M.
name: Zhang, Gui-Qing
name: Ediriweera, Aseni
name: Bhat, Jayarama
name: Dawoud, Turki M.
name: Kumara, Wasantha
name: Deng, Chun Ying
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Basidiomycota
Agaricomycetes
Hymenochaetales
Hymenochaetaceae
Hymenochaete
Hymenochaete subpurpurascens

description: S.  subpurpurascens Berk. & Broome, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 14 (no. 74): 66 (1873) [1875]/IF: 203170
 Current name: Hymenochaete subpurpurascens (Berk. & Broome) Massee, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 27: 103 (1890) (New classification: Hymenochaetaceae, Hymenochaetales, Agaricomycetes)
Typification Details: not indicated, On dead wood, Sri Lanka
Reference: Berkeley & Broome (1875)
description: Published as part of Karunarathna, Samantha C., Priyashantha, K Hasith, Tibpromma, Saowaluck, Galappaththi, Mahesh C. A., Premarathne, Bhagya M., Wijayawardene, Nalin N., Wimalasena, Madhara K., Jayalal, Udeni, Wickramanayake, Kawmini D., Dangalla, Hasanka, Jayathunga, Hashini, Brahmanage, Rashika S., Weerakoon, Gothamie, Ariyawansa, Kahandawa G. S. U., Yapa, Neelamanie, Nanayakkara, Chandrika M., Ediriweera, Surani, Fan, Xin-Lei, Kirk, Paul M., Zhang, Gui-Qing, Ediriweera, Aseni, Bhat, Jayarama, Dawoud, Turki M., Kumara, Wasantha & Deng, Chun Ying, 2023, Checklist, typification details, and nomenclature status of Basidiomycota, originally described from Sri Lanka, pp. 1-86 in Phytotaxa 621 (1) on page 66, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.621.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10065102
Chern-Simons Theory on Seifert 3-Manifolds
Creators: name: Blau, Matthias
name: Thompson, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study Chern-Simons theory on 3-manifolds M that are circle-bundles over 2-dimensional orbifolds S by the method of Abelianisation. This method, which completely sidesteps the issue of having to integrate over the moduli space of non-Abelian flat connections, reduces the complete partition function of the non-Abelian theory on M to a 2-dimensional Abelian theory on the orbifold S which is easily evaluated.
description: 27 pages
Nanometer-scale lateral p-n junctions in graphene/$α$-RuCl$_3$ heterostructures
Creators: name: Rizzo, Daniel J.
name: Shabani, Sara
name: Jessen, Bjarke S.
name: Zhang, Jin
name: McLeod, Alexander S.
name: Rubio-Verdú, Carmen
name: Ruta, Francesco L.
name: Cothrine, Matthew
name: Yan, Jiaqiang
name: Mandrus, David G.
name: Nagler, Stephen E.
name: Rubio, Angel
name: Hone, James C.
name: Dean, Cory R.
name: Pasupathy, Abhay N.
name: Basov, D. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ability to create high-quality lateral p-n junctions at nanometer length scales is essential for the next generation of two-dimensional (2D) electronic and plasmonic devices. Using a charge-transfer heterostructure consisting of graphene on $α$-RuCl$_3$, we conduct a proof-of-concept study demonstrating the existence of intrinsic nanoscale lateral p-n junctions in the vicinity of graphene nanobubbles. Our multi-pronged experimental approach incorporates scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and spectroscopy (STS) and scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy ($\textit{s}$-SNOM) in order to simultaneously probe both the electronic and optical responses of nanobubble p-n junctions. Our STM and STS results reveal that p-n junctions with a band offset of more than 0.6 eV can be achieved over lateral length scale of less than 3 nm, giving rise to a staggering effective in-plane field in excess of 10$^8$ V/m. Concurrent $\textit{s}$-SNOM measurements confirm the utility of these nano-junctions in plasmonically-active media, and validate the use of a point-scatterer formalism for modeling surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs). Model $\textit{ab initio}$ density functional theory (DFT) calculations corroborate our experimental data and reveal a combination of sub-angstrom and few-angstrom decay processes dictating the dependence of charge transfer on layer separation. Our study provides experimental and conceptual foundations for the use of charge-transfer interfaces such as graphene/$α$-RuCl$_3$ to generate p-n nano-junctions.
description: D.J.R., S.S., B.S.J., and J.Z. contributed equally. File contains main manuscript (14 pages, 4 figures) and supplementary information (13 pages, 4 figures)
Skizze geplanter Forschungsvorhaben im Bereich Didaktik der Philosophie und eine beispielhafte Anwendung auf eine Veranstaltung der universitären Lehramtsausbildung
Creators: name: Bensch, Hans-Georg
Publisher: name: Hannover : Institutionelles Repositorium der Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Didaktik,WuN Niedersachsen Sek. II, Unterrichtsmaterial, Beispiel, Beispielsetzen, Beispielverstehen, Urteilskraft, Was ist der Mensch,
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::100 | Philosophie

description: Von drei knappen Skizzen zu Forschungsprojekten wird die erste zum Thema: "Zum Begriff 'Beispiel' – Einheit und Vielheit, Urteilskraft und philosophische Tradition" etwas näher dargestellt. Anhand des Konzepts der universitären Lehrveranstaltung „Didaktik und Unterrichtsmaterialien zu: Was ist der Mensch? (Kerncurriculum gymnasiale Oberstufe)“, SoSe 18, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, wird die Forschungsskizze "Zum Begriff Beispiel" einmal beispielhaft durchgeführt.
A MODIFIED CTAB METHOD FOR DNA EXTRACTION OF OILY PLANTS OF BRASSICACEAE FAMILY
Creators: name: MAIDA ASLAM
name: FATMA HUSSAIN
name: NISAR AHMED
name: AMER JAMIL
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Nuclear DNA, Oily Plants, Brassicacea, CTAB (Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide), A260/A280 Absorbance, RNaseA.

description: Abstract
Extraction of DNA from secondary metabolite enriched medicinal plants has always been tricky. Numerous methods for DNA extraction has been presented but those either gives poor yield or employed to least chemical heterogenetic plants species with use of costly and hazardous chemicals and conditions that become worse for oily plants. To our knowledge only a few protocols have been reported for DNA extraction from oily plants that not only are laborious but also involve very complex reagents. Here we report simple DNA extraction strategy comparable to costly commercial DNA extraction kits which is equally potent for oily and non-oily plants. High-molecular weight DNA was extracted without the use of liquid nitrogen and RNase A treatment that markedly reduce the extraction cost. Quantity of the DNA extracted from species with lower nuclear DNA content was in the range of 250-380 µg/mL with A260/A280 absorbance ratio 1.67-1.87 that confirmed purity of the recollected DNA samples. Quality of the extracted DNA was also evaluated by restriction analysis and PCR amplification. This protocol gives DNA that is suitable for molecular biology techniques sensitive to contaminants.
title: A late medieval horn stylus with golden ornaments in the Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum, Mainz
Creators: name: Schulze-Dörrlamm, Mechthild
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2016

description: Im Besitz des Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums in Mainz befindet sich ein leichter Schreibgriffel aus grauem Horn, dessen Spatelkopf mit Furchen verziert ist und dessen Schaft in einer Hülle aus dünner Goldfolie mit feinem Rillendekor steckt. Material und Verzierung dieses spätmittelalterlichen Griffels, dessen Fundort unbekannt ist, der aber vermutlich aus der Stadt Mainz oder ihrem Umland stammt, sind außergewöhnlich, teils sogar einzigartig. Wegen seines empfindlichen Golddekors und seiner Zerbrechlichkeit könnte er das Schreibgerät einer gebildeten Frau adeliger Herkunft, womöglich einer Äbtissin oder Stiftsdame, gewesen und von ihr mit der nötigen Sorgfalt benutzt worden sein.
description: The collection of the Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum in Mainz contains a light stylus of grey horn. Its spatula end is decorated with grooves and the shaft is inserted in a case of thin gold foil with additional groove ornaments. Material and decoration of this late medieval stylus, possibly originating in Mainz or its surroundings, are exceptional, some parts are even unique. Its delicate gold ornament and the fragility could indicate that the writing instrument belonged to an educated woman of noble origin, perhaps an abbess or a canoness who used it with the necessary care.
Ion dynamics in a new class of materials: nanoglassy lithium alumosilicates
Creators: name: Stanje, B.
name: Bottke, P.
name: Breuer, S.
name: Hanzu, I.
name: Heitjans, Paul
name: Wilkening, M.
Publisher: name: Bristol : IOP Publishing Ltd.
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: ionic diffusion
subject: conductivity
subject: nanostructured materials
subject: ceramics
subject: NMR
subject: spin-lattice relaxation
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: In many cases nanocrystalline materials, prepared through high-energy ball milling, reveal enhanced ion dynamics when compared to the situation in the coarse-grained analogues. This effect, which has particularly been seen for lithium alumosilicates, has been ascribed to structural disorder, i.e., the introduction of defect sites during mechanical treatment. Much less is, however, known about ion transport in nanostructured amorphous materials, e.g., nanoglassy compounds, which are regarded as a new class of functional materials. Following earlier studies on nanoglassy lithium alumosilicates and borates, here we studied ion dynamics in nanoglassy petalite LiAlSi4O10. While conductivity spectroscopy unequivocally reveals that long-range ion dynamics in nanoglassy LiAlSi4O10 decreases upon milling, local dynamics, sensed by 7 Li nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spin-lattice relaxation, points to enhanced Li ion mobility compared to the non-treated glass. Most likely, as for nanocrystalline ceramics also for nanoglassy samples a heterogeneous structure, consisting of bulk and interfacial regions, is formed. For LiAlSi4O10 these interfacial regions, characterized by a higher degree of free volume, might act as hosts for spins experiencing fast longitudinal NMR relaxation. Obviously, these regions do not form a through-going network, which would allow the ions to move over long distances as quickly as in the unmilled glass.
Reliability Analysis of High Rise Building Considering Wind Load Uncertainty
Creators: name: Zhang, Yi
name: Yan, Keqin
name: Cheng, Tao
Publisher: name: Teheran : K. N. Toosi University of Technology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Structural Analysis
subject: Reliability Analysis
subject: Uncertainty Modeling
subject: Wind Engineering
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::700 | Künste, Bildende Kunst allgemein::720 | Architektur

description: In engineering structures, the safety problems are always depending on the respond of structures to different types of load. The safety assessment of a high rise building is highly depending on the analysis of environmental load. Many codes and practices have proposed many requirements for engineers in the design works. These include safety factors, limitations on damage, maximum deflections and so on. When violations in these requirements occur, the structure is believed to be dangerous. But once the problem becomes complicated such as multiple unknown loads in one building, it requires reliability analysis in the design. It must take care of all the assumptions and uncertainties in the structural design. In probabilistic assessment, any input variable is considered as an uncertainty. However, the traditional way to deal with these problems may have problems when uncertainties are large. Many probabilistic safety measures need to be reconsidered in engineering work. This paper, we will provide reliability analysis on a high rise building with consideration of wind load. All the most commonly applied reliability methods are been utilized in this analysis and compared base on the performance. The statistical influences including correlation and distribution type are also discussed in the same reliability problem.
Theoretical framework to analyze searches for hidden light gauge bosons in electron scattering fixed target experiments
Creators: name: Beranek, T.
name: Merkel, H.
name: Vanderhaeghen, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by anomalies in cosmic ray observations and by attempts to solve questions of the Standad Model of particle physics like the (g-2)_mu discrepancy, U(1) extensions of the Standard Model have been proposed in recent years. Such U(1) extensions allow for the interaction of Dark Matter by exchange of a photon-like massive force carrier γ' not included in the Standard Model. In order to search for γ' bosons various experimental programs have been started. One approach is the dedicated search at fixed-target experiments at modest energies as performed at MAMI or at the Jefferson Lab. In these experiments the process e(A,Z)->e(A,Z)l^+l^- is investigated and a search for a very narrow resonance in the invariant mass distribution of the l^+l^- pair is performed. In this work we analyze this process in terms of signal and background in order to describe existing data obtained by the A1 experiment at MAMI with the aim to give accurate predictions for exclusion limits in the γ' parameter space. We present a detailed theoretical analysis of the cross sections entering in the description of such processes.
description: 18 pages, 12 figures
Design and manufacturing optimization of epoxy-based adhesive specimens for multiaxial tests
Creators: name: Wentingmann, Michael
name: Manousides, Nikolas
name: Antoniou, Alexandros
name: Balzani, Claudio
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Porosity analysis
subject: Structural adhesives
subject: Wind turbine rotor blades
subject: 3D printers
subject: Adhesives
subject: Design
subject: Reinforcement
subject: Turbine components
subject: Turbomachine blades
subject: Wind turbines
subject: Fibre-reinforced
subject: Manufacturing quality
subject: Multiaxial testing
subject: Optimisations
subject: Turbine rotor blade
subject: Wind turbine rotors
subject: Porosity
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::690 | Hausbau, Bauhandwerk

description: Specimen design and manufacturing quality are decisive factors in the experimental determination of material properties, because they can only be reliably determined if all undesired influences have been minimized or are precisely known. The manufacture of specimens from highly viscous, two-component and fiber-reinforced structural adhesives presents a challenge from this point of view. Therefore, a design and manufacturing optimization procedure for fiber-reinforced structural adhesives and multiaxial testing was developed. It incorporated a finite element parametric study to minimize stress concentrations in the specimen geometry. Vacuum speed mixing was combined with 3D printed mold inserts to enable the manufacture of homogeneous specimens with negligible porosity. The method was demonstrated by means of a structural adhesive used to manufacture wind turbine rotor blades, while the manufacturing quality was verified with high-resolution X-ray microscopy (μCT scanning), enabling detailed detection of pores and geometrical imperfections. The results of uniaxial and biaxial static tests show maximized strength and stiffness properties, while the scatter was minimized in comparison to that stated in international literature. A comparison of the mechanical properties and associated manufacturing techniques is given. The comparison includes a porosity analysis of a specimen from an industrial dosing machine used for rotor blade manufacture. © 2021 The Author(s)
Deep Joint Demosaicing and High Dynamic Range Imaging within a Single Shot
Creators: name: Xu, Yilun
name: Liu, Ziyang
name: Wu, Xingming
name: Chen, Weihai
name: Wen, Changyun
name: Li, Zhengguo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Spatially varying exposure (SVE) is a promising choice for high-dynamic-range (HDR) imaging (HDRI). The SVE-based HDRI, which is called single-shot HDRI, is an efficient solution to avoid ghosting artifacts. However, it is very challenging to restore a full-resolution HDR image from a real-world image with SVE because: a) only one-third of pixels with varying exposures are captured by camera in a Bayer pattern, b) some of the captured pixels are over- and under-exposed. For the former challenge, a spatially varying convolution (SVC) is designed to process the Bayer images carried with varying exposures. For the latter one, an exposure-guidance method is proposed against the interference from over- and under-exposed pixels. Finally, a joint demosaicing and HDRI deep learning framework is formalized to include the two novel components and to realize an end-to-end single-shot HDRI. Experiments indicate that the proposed end-to-end framework avoids the problem of cumulative errors and surpasses the related state-of-the-art methods.
description: 15 pages, 17 figures
title: Machine predictions and human decisions with variation in payoffs and skill: the case of antibiotic prescribing
Creators: name: Ullrich, Hannes
name: Ribers, Michael Allan
Publisher: name: Hertie School
Year: 2023

description: We analyze how machine learning predictions may improve antibiotic prescribing in the context of the global health policy challenge of increasing antibiotic resistance. Estimating a binary antibiotic treatment choice model, we find variation in the skill to diagnose bacterial urinary tract infections and in how general practitioners trade off the expected cost of resistance against antibiotic curative benefits. In counterfactual analyses we find that providing machine learning predictions of bacterial infections to physicians increases prescribing efficiency. However, to achieve the policy objective of reducing antibiotic prescribing, physicians must also be incentivized. Our results highlight the potential misalignment of social and heterogeneous individual objectives in utilizing machine learning for prediction policy problems.
title: Insurance, Redistribution, and the Inequality of Lifetime Income
Creators: name: Haan, Peter
name: Kemptner, Daniel
name: Prowse, Victoria
name: Schaller, Maximilian
Publisher: name: Hertie School
Year: 2023

description: Individuals vary considerably in how much they earn during their lifetimes. This study examines the role of the tax-and-transfer system in mitigating such inequalities, which could otherwise lead to disparities in living standards. Utilizing a life-cycle model, we determine that taxes and transfers offset 45% of lifetime earnings inequality attributed to differences in productive abilities and education. Additionally, the system insures against 48% of lifetime earnings risk. Implementing a lifetime tax reform linking annual taxes to previous employment could improve the system’s insurance capabilities, albeit at the cost of a lower employment rate.
Neutron reflectometry to measure in situ the rate determining step of lithium ion transport through thin silicon layers and interfaces
Creators: name: Hüger, Erwin
name: Stahn, Jochen
name: Heitjans, Paul
name: Schmidt, Harald
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI AG
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: Li ion transport through thin (14-22 nm) amorphous silicon layers adjacent to lithium metal oxide layers (lithium niobate) was studied by in situ neutron reflectometry experiments and the control mechanism was determined. It was found that the interface between amorphous silicon and the oxide material does not hinder Li transport. It is restricted by Li diffusion in the silicon material. This finding based on in situ experiments confirms results obtained ex situ and destructively by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) depth profiling investigations. The Li permeabilities obtained from the present experiments are in agreement with those obtained from ex situ SIMS measurements showing similar activation enthalpies.
title: Wirbelschicht-Gaserzeuger für biogene Roh- und Reststoffe und kleine/mittlere Leistungen
Creators: name: Diermaier, Raffael
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biomasse
subject: Gaserzeugung
subject: Wirbelschicht
subject: Techno-ökonomische Bewertung
subject: Biomass
subject: gasification
subject: fluidized bed
subject: techno-economic assessment

description: Arbeit an der Bibliothek noch nicht eingelangt - Daten nicht geprueft - gesperrte Arbeit (bis 2025-11-07+01:00)
description: Abweichender Titel nach Übersetzung der Verfasserin/des Verfassers
Low Complexity Delay-Constrained Beamforming for Multi-User MIMO Systems with Imperfect CSIT
Creators: name: Lau, Vincent K. N.
name: Zhang, Fan
name: Cui, Ying
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we consider the delay-constrained beamforming control for downlink multi-user MIMO (MU- MIMO) systems with imperfect channel state information at the transmitter (CSIT). The delay-constrained control problem is formulated as an infinite horizon average cost partially observed Markov decision process. To deal with the curse of dimensionality, we introduce a virtual continuous time system and derive a closed-form approximate value function using perturbation analysis w.r.t. the CSIT errors. To deal with the challenge of the conditional packet error rate (PER), we build a tractable closed- form approximation using a Bernstein-type inequality. Based on the closed-form approximations of the relative value function and the conditional PER, we propose a conservative formulation of the original beamforming control problem. The conservative problem is non-convex and we transform it into a convex problem using the semidefinite relaxation (SDR) technique. We then propose an alternating iterative algorithm to solve the SDR problem. Finally, the proposed scheme is compared with various baselines through simulations and it is shown that significant performance gain can be achieved.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures, 1 table. This paper has been accepted by the IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
Conventional and Acoustic Surface Plasmons on Noble Metal Surfaces: A Time-dependent Density Functional Theory Study
Creators: name: Yan, Jun
name: Jacobsen, Karsten W.
name: Thygesen, Kristian S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: First-principles calculations of the conventional and acoustic surface plasmons (CSPs and ASPs) on the (111) surfaces of Cu, Ag, and Au are presented. The effect of $s-d$ interband transitions on both types of plasmons is investigated by comparing results from the local density approximation and an orbital dependent exchange-correlation (xc) potential that improves the position and width of the $d$ bands. The plasmon dispersions calculated with the latter xc-potential agree well with electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) experiments. For both the CSP and ASP, the same trend of Cu$
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
title: A Universal Mechanism for N2 Binding to and Differing Reactivity of the E4(4H) State of Mo-, V-, and Fe-Nitrogenases
Creators: name: Harris, Derek Franklin
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2019

description: As a basic building block in many biological molecules, the element nitrogen (N) is essential for life. Dinitrogen (N2) is abundant in Earth’s atmosphere, but this form is biologically unavailable. To be biologically available, N2 must undergo a reduction reaction to the fixed form, ammonia (NH3). The industrial Haber-Bosch process, which accounts for approximately 50% of the worlds fixed nitrogen, uses energy from fossil fuels to achieve high pressures and temperatures to catalyze the reaction. The energy used by Haber-Bosch accounts for approximately 2% of the world’s annual supply. The remainder of fixed nitrogen is produced biologically by nitrogen fixing microorganisms (diazotrophs), utilizing nitrogenase enzymes. Nitrogenase enzymes catalyze the reduction at ambient temperature and pressure, deriving the necessary energy from the energy rich molecule adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

The focus of this dissertation is enriching our understanding of how nitrogenase enzymes can catalyze this crucial reaction under ambient conditions. This, of course, leads to a better understanding of biological nitrogen fixation, but also reveals the strategies that nature has evolved which can inform on the development of cleaner more efficient industrial processes.
Review of remote sensing for land administration: Origins, debates, and selected cases
Creators: name: Bennett, Rohan Marc
name: Koeva, Mila
name: Asiama, Kwebana
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI AG
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Aerial imagery
subject: Artificial intelligence
subject: HRSI
subject: Lidar
subject: Photogrammetry
subject: UAV
subject: Aerial photography
subject: Antennas
subject: Optical radar
subject: Remote sensing
subject: Surveys
subject: Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)
subject: 20th century
subject: Aerial surveys
subject: Digitisation
subject: Ground based
subject: Land administration
subject: Remote-sensing
subject: Satellite remote sensing
subject: Survey methods
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Conventionally, land administration—incorporating cadastres and land registration—uses ground-based survey methods. This approach can be traced over millennia. The application of photogrammetry and remote sensing is understood to be far more contemporary, only commencing deeper into the 20th century. This paper seeks to counter this view, contending that these methods are far from recent additions to land administration: successful application dates back much earlier, often complementing ground-based methods. Using now more accessible historical works, made available through archive digitisation, this paper presents an enriched and more complete synthesis of the developments of photogrammetric methods and remote sensing applied to the domain of land administration. Developments from early phototopography and aerial surveys, through to analytical photogrammetric methods, the emergence of satellite remote sensing, digital cameras, and latterly lidar surveys, UAVs, and feature extraction are covered. The synthesis illustrates how debates over the benefits of the technique are hardly new. Neither are well-meaning, although oft-flawed, comparative analyses on criteria relating to time, cost, coverage, and quality. Apart from providing this more holistic view and a timely reminder of previous work, this paper brings contemporary practical value in further demonstrating to land administration practitioners that remote sensing for data capture, and subsequent map production, are an entirely legitimate, if not essential, part of the domain. Contemporary arguments that the tools and approaches do not bring adequate accuracy for land administration purposes are easily countered by the weight of evidence. Indeed, these arguments may be considered to undermine the pragmatism inherent to the surveying discipline, traditionally an essential characteristic of the profession. That said, it is left to land administration practitioners to determine the relevance of these methods for any specific country context. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Spinful fermionic ladders at incommensurate filling: Phase diagram, local perturbations, and ionic potentials
Creators: name: Carr, Sam T.
name: Narozhny, Boris N.
name: Nersesyan, Alexander A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of external potential on transport properties of the fermionic two-leg ladder model. The response of the system to a local perturbation is strongly dependent on the ground state properties of the system and especially on the dominant correlations. We categorise all phases and transitions in the model (for incommensurate filling) and introduce "hopping-driven transitions" that the system undergoes as the inter-chain hopping is increased from zero. We also describe the response of the system to an ionic potential. The physics of this effect is similar to that of the single impurity, except that the ionic potential can affect the bulk properties of the system and in particular induce true long range order.
description: 60 pages
Karst collapse risk zonation and evaluation in Wuhan, China based on analytic hierarchy process, logistic regression, and insar angular distortion approaches
Creators: name: Hu, Jiyuan
name: Motagh, Mahdi
name: Wang, Jiayao
name: Qin, Fen
name: Zhang, Jianchen
name: Wu, Wenhao
name: Han, Yakun
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI AG
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analytical hierarchy process
subject: Karst collapse
subject: Logistic regression
subject: Risk zonation
subject: Weighted angular distortion method
subject: Hierarchical systems
subject: Landforms
subject: Reliability analysis
subject: Risk assessment
subject: Zoning
subject: Analytical Hierarchy Process
subject: Angular distortions
subject: Collapse risks
subject: Distortion method
subject: High-risk zones
subject: Logistic Regression modeling
subject: Logistics regressions
subject: Subsidence
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: The current study presents a detailed assessment of risk zones related to karst collapse in Wuhan by analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and logistic regression (LR) models. The results showed that the LR model was more accurate with an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.911 compared to 0.812 derived from the AHP model. Both models performed well in identifying high-risk zones with only a 3% discrepancy in area. However, for the medium-and low-risk classes, although the spatial distribution of risk zoning results were similar between two approaches, the spatial extent of the risk areas varied between final models. The reliability of both methods were reduced significantly by excluding the InSAR-based ground subsidence map from the analysis, with the karst collapse presence falling into the high-risk zone being reduced by approximately 14%, and karst collapse absence falling into the karst area being increased by approximately 6.5% on the training samples. To evaluate the practicality of using only results from ground subsidence maps for the risk zonation, the results of AHP and LR are compared with a weighted angular distortion (WAD) method for karst risk zoning in Wuhan. We find that the areas with relatively large subsidence horizontal gradient values within the karst belts are generally spatially consistent with high-risk class areas identified by the AHP-and LR-based approaches. However, the WAD-based approach cannot be used alone as an ideal karst collapse risk assessment model as it does not include geological and natural factors into the risk zonation. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Alleviation of nematode-mediated apple replant disease by pre-cultivation of tagetes
Creators: name: Kanfra, Xorla
name: Obawolu, Taye
name: Wrede, Andreas
name: Strolka, Bernhard
name: Winkelmann, Traud
name: Hardeweg, Bernd
name: Heuer, Holger
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI AG
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Apple replant disease
subject: Malus
subject: Marigold
subject: Nematodes
subject: Pest control
subject: Soil biome management
subject: Tagetes
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::630 | Landwirtschaft, Veterinärmedizin
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::640 | Hauswirtschaft und Familienleben

description: Apple replant disease (ARD) is a severe problem in orchards and tree nurseries caused by yet unknown soil biota that accumulate over replanting cycles. This study tested the contribution of nematodes to ARD, and cultivation of Tagetes as a control option. In a pot experiment, Tagetes patula or Tagetes tenuifolia were grown in ARD soil, incorporated or removed. Nematodes extracted from untreated ARD soil and washed on 20-µm sieves induced ARD symptoms when inoculated to apple plantlets growing in a sterile substrate. In contrast, nematodes from Tagetes treated ARD soil did not reduce root growth compared to uninoculated plants, irrespective of Tagetes species and incorporation. In plots of five apple tree nurseries or orchards, either Tagetes or grass was grown on ARD soil. Nematodes extracted from the grass plots and inoculated to apple plantlets significantly reduced plant growth compared to nematodes from Tagetes plots for all five farms. Apple rootstocks showed overall a significantly higher increase in shoot base diameter when grown on Tagetes-treated plots compared to grass plots, while this effect differed among farms. Plant-parasitic nematodes were too low in abundance to explain plant damage. In conclusion, Tagetes alleviated ARD by changing the nematode community in soil. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
title: The Influence of Measurement Scale and Uncertainty on Interpretations of River Migration
Creators: name: Donovan, Mitchell R.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2019

description: Environmental scientists increasingly use remotely-sensed images to measure how rivers develop over time and respond to upstream changes in environmental drivers such as land use, urbanization, deforestation and agricultural practices. These measurements are subject to uncertainty that can bias conclusions. The first step towards accurate interpretation of river channel change is properly quantifying and accounting for uncertainty involved in measuring changes in river morphology. In Chapter 2 we develop a comprehensive framework for quantifying uncertainty in measurements of river change derived from aerial images. The framework builds upon previous uncertainty research by describing best practices and context-specific strategies, comparing each approach and outlining how to best handle measurements that fall below the minimum level of detection. We use this framework in subsequent chapters to reduce the impact of erroneous measurements. Chapter 3 evaluates how the time interval between aerial images influences the rates at which river channels appear to laterally migrate across their floodplains. Multiple lines of evidence indicate that river migration measurements obtained over longer time intervals (20+ years) will underestimate the ‘true’ rate because the river channel is more likely to have reversed the direction of migration, which erases part of the record of gross erosion as seen from aerial images. If the images don’t capture channel reversals and periodic episodes of fast erosion, the river appears to have migrated a shorter distance (which corresponds to a slower rate) than reality. Obtaining multiple measurements over shorter time intervals (< 5 years) and limiting direct comparisons to similar time intervals can reduce bias when inferring how river migration rates may have changed over time. Chapter 4 explores the physical processes governing the relationship between river curvature and the rate of river migration along a series of meander bends. We used fine-scale empirical measurements and geospatial analyses to confirm theory and models indicating that migration and curvature exhibit a monotonic relationship. The results will improve models seeking to emulate river meander migration patterns.
Demand-driven data acquisition for large scale fleets
Creators: name: Matesanz, Philip
name: Graen, Timo
name: Fiege, Andrea
name: Nolting, Michael
name: Nejdl, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Big data
subject: Cloud computing
subject: Connected vehicles
subject: Fault-tolerant systems
subject: Floating car data
subject: Sensor-data acquisition
subject: Automobiles
subject: Network architecture
subject: Sensor networks
subject: Connected vehicle
subject: Data streaming
subject: Demand-driven
subject: Fault- tolerant systems
subject: Large-scales
subject: Sensor readings
subject: Sensors data
subject: Data acquisition
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Automakers manage vast fleets of connected vehicles and face an ever-increasing demand for their sensor readings. This demand originates from many stakeholders, each potentially requiring different sensors from different vehicles. Currently, this demand remains largely unfulfilled due to a lack of systems that can handle such diverse demands efficiently. Vehicles are usually passive participants in data acquisition, each continuously reading and transmitting the same static set of sensors. However, in a multi-tenant setup with diverse data demands, each vehicle potentially needs to provide different data instead. We present a system that performs such vehicle-specific minimization of data acquisition by mapping individual data demands to individual vehicles. We collect personal data only after prior consent and fulfill the requirements of the GDPR. Non-personal data can be collected by directly addressing individual vehicles. The system consists of a software component natively integrated with a major automaker’s vehicle platform and a cloud platform brokering access to acquired data. Sensor readings are either provided via near real-time streaming or as recorded trip files that provide specific consistency guarantees. A performance evaluation with over 200,000 simulated vehicles has shown that our system can increase server capacity on-demand and process streaming data within 269 ms on average during peak load. The resulting architecture can be used by other automakers or operators of large sensor networks. Native vehicle integration is not mandatory; the architecture can also be used with retrofitted hardware such as OBD readers. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Exact distributions of the number of distinct and common sites visited by N independent random walkers
Creators: name: Kundu, Anupam
name: Majumdar, Satya N.
name: Schehr, Gregory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the number of distinct sites S_N(t) and common sites W_N(t) visited by N independent one dimensional random walkers, all starting at the origin, after t time steps. We show that these two random variables can be mapped onto extreme value quantities associated to N independent random walkers. Using this mapping, we compute exactly their probability distributions P_N^d(S,t) and P_N^d(W,t) for any value of N in the limit of large time t, where the random walkers can be described by Brownian motions. In the large N limit one finds that S_N(t)/\sqrt{t} \propto 2 \sqrt{\log N} + \widetilde{s}/(2 \sqrt{\log N}) and W_N(t)/\sqrt{t} \propto \widetilde{w}/N where \widetilde{s} and \widetilde{w} are random variables whose probability density functions (pdfs) are computed exactly and are found to be non trivial. We verify our results through direct numerical simulations.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Local and global gauge-fixing
Creators: name: Maas, Axel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gauge-fixing as a sampling procedure of gauge copies provides a possibility to construct well-defined gauges also beyond perturbation theory. The implementation of such sampling strategies in lattice gauge theory is briefly outlined, and examples are given for non-perturbative extensions of the Landau gauge. An appropriate choice of sampling can also introduce non-trivial global symmetries as a remainder of the gauge symmetry. Some examples for this are also given, highlighting their particular advantages.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure, invited talk presented at the conference "Quark Confinement and the Hadron Spectrum X", Munich, Germany, 8th-12th of October 2012; submitted to the proceedings