cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The relationship between short-term memory and reading in learning disabled and average learners
Creators: name: Eng, Karen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The purposes of the present study were to investigate the relationship between short-term memory and reading in learning disabled and average learners, and to determine whether this relationship is different between ages 8 to 10 and ages 11 to 13 in these two populations. Studies have shown that children with learning disabilities tend to perform poorer on short-term memory tasks compared to children with no disabilities. The present study was conducted because the short-term memory component in the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale is new and it was felt that information regarding this test's usefulness with learning disabled students would be beneficial for individuals in the field of educational assessment. A total of 80 children, 39 average and 41 learning disabled were selected from the five public elementary schools that have learning disabilities classes in the Langley School District. For each group of learning disabled children selected from the learning disabilities class, an equal number of average learners was chosen from the same school. The children were divided into two age groups: 8- to 10-year-olds and 11- to 13-year-olds and then further divided into their two learning categories. Four short-term memory subtests of the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale: Fourth Edition: Bead Memory, Memory for Sentences, Memory for Digits and Memory for Objects and three reading comprehension subtests, from B.C. QUick Individual Educational Test, Peabody Individual Achievement Test and Test of Reading Comprehension respectively, were administered to all groups to measure short-term memory and reading. The Multivariate Analysis of Variance and the Pearson Product-Moment Correlation were used to analyse the data. Results showed that the average learners scored significantly higher than the learning disabled group in both short-term memory and reading. There was no interaction effect of learning group and age on reading or short-term memory. Significant relationships were found between short-term mmeory and reading for the average learning group but none was found for the learning disabled group.
Charmonium decays into $Λ_c\barΛ_c$ pair governed by the hadronic loop mechanism
Creators: name: Qian, Ri-Qing
name: Wang, Jun-Zhang
name: Liu, Xiang
name: Matsuki, Takayuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we investigate the open-charm decay process $ψ\toΛ_c\barΛ_c$ via the hadronic loop mechanism for vector charmonia above $Λ_c\barΛ_c$ threshold. The branching ratios of these vector charmonium states to $Λ_c\barΛ_c$ are estimated. The charmonium explanation of the $Y(4630)$ observed in $e^+e^- \to Λ_c\barΛ_c$ is tested. Furthermore, for the predicted higher vector charmonia above 4.7 GeV, the branching ratios $\mathcal{B}[ψ(nS)\toΛ_c\barΛ_c]$ with $n=7,8,9$ are found to be of the order of magnitude of $10^{-4}-10^{-3}$ while $\mathcal{B}[ψ(mD)\toΛ_c\barΛ_c]$ with $m=6,7,8$ are of the order of magnitude of $10^{-3}-10^{-2}$. The experimental signals of these missing charmonium states are discussed. The search for them may be an interesting topic in the future BESIII and Belle II experiments.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures and 4 tables. Accepted by Phys. Rev. D
Interest Rate Swap Valuation Practical Guide
Creators: name: Lee, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Interest rate swap, OTC derivatives, swaplet, valuation, pricing model, interest rate risk

description: An interest rate swap is an agreement between two parties to exchange future interest rate payments over a set period of time. It consists of a series of payment periods, called swaplets. The most popular form of interest rate swaps is the vanilla swaps that involve the exchange of a fixed interest rate for a floating rate, or vice versa. There are two legs associated with each party: a fixed leg and a floating leg. Swaps are OTC derivatives that bear counterparty credit risk beside interest rate risk.
description: https://ia903402.us.archive.org/7/items/ir-swap-36/IrSwap-archive.pdf
K-Nomial Coefficients
Creators: name: Smarandache, Florentin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11B65; 05A10

description: In this paper one extends the binomial and trinomial coefficients to the concept of 'k-nomial' coefficients, and one obtains some properties of these. As an application one generalizes Pascal's triangle.
description: 4 pages
The relation between star formation rate and accretion rate in LINERs
Creators: name: Wu, Qingwen
name: Cao, Xinwu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is argued that there is a linear correlation between star formation rate (SFR) and accretion rate for normal bright active galactic nuclei (AGNs). However, it is still unclear whether this correlation holds for LINERs, of which the accretion rates are relatively lower than those of normal bright AGNs. The radiatively inefficient accretion flows (RIAFs) are believed to be present in these LINERs. In this work, we derive accretion rates for a sample of LINERs from their hard X-ray luminosities based on spectral calculations for RIAFs. We find that LINERs follow the same correlation between star formation rate and accretion rate defined by normal bright AGNs, when reasonable parameters are adopted for RIAFs. It means that the gases feed the black hole and star formation in these low-luminosity LINERs may follow the same way as that in normal bright AGNs, which is roughly consistent with recent numerical simulations on quasar evolution.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in PASP, in press
Transport Equations from Liouville Equations for Fractional Systems
Creators: name: Tarasov, Vasily E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider dynamical systems that are described by fractional power of coordinates and momenta. The fractional powers can be considered as a convenient way to describe systems in the fractional dimension space. For the usual space the fractional systems are non-Hamiltonian. Generalized transport equation is derived from Liouville and Bogoliubov equations for fractional systems. Fractional generalization of average values and reduced distribution functions are defined. Hydrodynamic equations for fractional systems are derived from the generalized transport equation.
description: 11 pages, LaTeX
Sliding Mode Learning Control of Uncertain Nonlinear Systems with Lyapunov Stability Analysis
Creators: name: Kayacan, Erkan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper addresses to Sliding Mode Learning Control (SMLC) of uncertain nonlinear systems with Lyapunov stability analysis. In the control scheme, a conventional control term is used to provide the system stability in compact space while a Type-2 Neuro-Fuzzy Controller (T2NFC) learns system behavior so that the T2NFC takes the overall control of the system completely in a very short time period. The stability of the sliding mode learning algorithm was proven in literature; however, it is so restrictive for systems without the overall system stability. To address this shortcoming, a novel control structure with a novel sliding surface is proposed in this paper and the stability of the overall system is proven for nth-order uncertain nonlinear systems. To investigate the capability and effectiveness of the proposed learning and control algorithms, the simulation studies have been achieved under noisy conditions. The simulation results confirm that the developed SMLC algorithm can learn the system behavior in the absence of any mathematical model knowledge and exhibit robust control performance against external disturbances.
The convolution theorem for nonlinear optics
Creators: name: Garcia, Hernando
name: Kalyanaraman, Ramki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have expressed the nonlinear optical absorption of a semiconductor in terms of its linear spectrum. We determined that the two-photon absorption coefficient in a strong DC-electric field of a direct gap semiconductor can be expressed as the product of a differential operator times the convolution integral of the linear absorption without a DC-electric field and an Airy function. We have applied this formalism to calculate the two-photon absorption coefficient and nonlinear refraction for GaAs and ZnSe using their linear absorption and have found excellent agreement with available experimental data.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures (6 sub fugures)
Supplementary HTML Files - Chapter IB. In situ microbiome sequencing to inform targeted bioprospecting
Creators: name: Latorre-Pérez, Adriel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Spaghetti, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, Tabernas Desert

description: Supplementary material of Adriel Latorre-Pérez's PhD thesis entitled "Optimizing Nanopore-based microbiome sequencing for characterizing biotechnologically-relevant ecosystems". This supplementary material is associated with Chapter IB, which content has been published in: Latorre-Pérez, A., Gimeno Valero, H., Tanner, K., Pascual, J., Vilanova, C., & Porcar, M. A round trip to the desert: in situ Nanopore sequencing informs targeted bioprospecting. Frontiers in Microbiology, 3777. Two different HTML files have been included since they cannot be properly integrated into the thesis: Supplementary Figure IB.S4. Barplot displaying the cumulative relative abundances (x axis) of the radiation- and desiccation-resistant genera. Supplementary File IB.S1. Raw Spaghetti output. See: https://github.com/adlape95/Spaghetti
A Space Odyssey: A workshop on coping with change, and planning for the future
Creators: name: Phillips, Veronica
name: Milton, Jo
name: Barker, Eleanor
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018

description: Objective: This workshop is intended to facilitate discussion of, and planning for, significant changes to library services. Participants in this workshop will identify core services in their own libraries, adapt service design to enable the continued delivery of services, and determine the most effective ways to communicate changed methods of service delivery to users and measure the impact of the changes. Methods / Description: How well prepared is your library to cope with change? How would you adapt in order to maintain a high level of service during challenging circumstances, and how would you communicate any changes to users? How would you both measure the impact of those changes and continue to demonstrate the impact of your library service? This interactive workshop is aimed at both library managers and frontline staff interested in planning to cope with change. The workshop will consist of hands-on activities and discussions, as well as opportunities for participants to share their experiences of adapting to difficult circumstances, and learn about innovative and creative solutions undertaken by colleagues working in a variety of countries and sectors to continue inspiring, involving and informing in the face of challenges. Results: Workshop attendees will: • gain confidence in dealing with change in innovative ways • learn new communication strategies • develop techniques to measure and demonstrate the impact of the library and maintain the visibility of their service in the face of change • determine methods to plan and prepare for future challenges
"There Is No Way to Prepare for This": Teaching in First Nations Schools in Northern Ontario—Issues and Concerns
Creators: name: Harper, Helen
Publisher: name: Canadian Journal of Native Education
Year: 2021

description: This article reports on a qualitative study of 10female teachers working in two First Nationsfly-in communities in northern Ontario. The issues or concerns of these teachers are grouped into five themes: (a) pedagogical goals and purposes; (b) relation­ ship to the community; (c) living in the North; (d) teaching in the North; and (e) teacher education. The findings suggest that more intensive preservice and inservice teacher education programs that focus on the relationship of teachers to First Nations communities and to cross-cultural and multicultural teaching with particular refer­ence to the teaching of English as a second language are needed to prepare educators better for work in the North. The article concludes with a series of questions intended to provoke further discussion of and more critical planning for, the professional devel­opment of teachers employed in remote northern communities.
description: Canadian Journal of Native Education, Vol. 24 No. 2 (2000)
Intrinsic Geometry and Director Reconstruction for Three-Dimensional Liquid Crystals
Creators: name: Pollard, Joseph
name: Alexander, Gareth P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a description of the intrinsic geometry of elastic distortions in three-dimensional nematic liquid crystals and establish necessary and sufficient conditions for a set of functions to represent these distortions by describing how they couple to the curvature tensor. We demonstrate that, in contrast to the situation in two dimensions, the first-order gradients of the director alone are not sufficient for full reconstruction of the director field from its intrinsic geometry: it is necessary to provide additional information about the second-order director gradients. We describe several different methods by which the director field may be reconstructed from its intrinsic geometry. Finally, we discuss the coupling between individual distortions and curvature from the perspective of Lie algebras and groups and describe homogeneous spaces on which pure modes of distortion can be realised.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures
High precision control and deep learning-based corn stand counting algorithms for agricultural robot
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhongzhong
name: Kayacan, Erkan
name: Thompson, Benjamin
name: Chowdhary, Girish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper presents high precision control and deep learning-based corn stand counting algorithms for a low-cost, ultra-compact 3D printed and autonomous field robot for agricultural operations. Currently, plant traits, such as emergence rate, biomass, vigor, and stand counting, are measured manually. This is highly labor-intensive and prone to errors. The robot, termed TerraSentia, is designed to automate the measurement of plant traits for efficient phenotyping as an alternative to manual measurements. In this paper, we formulate a Nonlinear Moving Horizon Estimator (NMHE) that identifies key terrain parameters using onboard robot sensors and a learning-based Nonlinear Model Predictive Control (NMPC) that ensures high precision path tracking in the presence of unknown wheel-terrain interaction. Moreover, we develop a machine vision algorithm designed to enable an ultra-compact ground robot to count corn stands by driving through the fields autonomously. The algorithm leverages a deep network to detect corn plants in images, and a visual tracking model to re-identify detected objects at different time steps. We collected data from 53 corn plots in various fields for corn plants around 14 days after emergence (stage V3 - V4). The robot predictions have agreed well with the ground truth with $C_{robot}=1.02 \times C_{human}-0.86$ and a correlation coefficient $R=0.96$. The mean relative error given by the algorithm is $-3.78\%$, and the standard deviation is $6.76\%$. These results indicate a first and significant step towards autonomous robot-based real-time phenotyping using low-cost, ultra-compact ground robots for corn and potentially other crops.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures
Multi-Fidelity Emulation for the Matter Power Spectrum using Gaussian Processes
Creators: name: Ho, Ming-Feng
name: Bird, Simeon
name: Shelton, Christian R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present methods for emulating the matter power spectrum by combining information from cosmological $N$-body simulations at different resolutions. An emulator allows estimation of simulation output by interpolating across the parameter space of a limited number of simulations. We present the first implementation in cosmology of multi-fidelity emulation, where many low-resolution simulations are combined with a few high-resolution simulations to achieve an increased emulation accuracy. The power spectrum's dependence on cosmology is learned from the low-resolution simulations, which are in turn calibrated using high-resolution simulations. We show that our multi-fidelity emulator predicts high-fidelity counterparts to percent-level relative accuracy when using only $3$ high-fidelity simulations and outperforms a single-fidelity emulator that uses $11$ simulations, although we do not attempt to produce a converged emulator with high absolute accuracy. With a fixed number of high-fidelity training simulations, we show that our multi-fidelity emulator is $\simeq 100$ times better than a single-fidelity emulator at $k \leq 2 h \mathrm{Mpc}^{-1}$, and $\simeq 20$ times better at $3 \leq k < 6.4 h \mathrm{Mpc}^{-1}$. Multi-fidelity emulation is fast to train, using only a simple modification to standard Gaussian processes. Our proposed emulator shows a new way to predict non-linear scales by fusing simulations from different fidelities.
description: 17 pages, 16 figures, 1 table. Matches version accepted to MNRAS. Code available in https://github.com/jibanCat/matter_multi_fidelity_emu
Sliding Mode Control for Systems with Mismatched Time-Varying Uncertainties via a Self-Learning Disturbance Observer
Creators: name: Kayacan, Erkan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper presents a novel Sliding Mode Control (SMC) algorithm to handle mismatched uncertainties in systems via a novel Self-Learning Disturbance Observer (SLDO). A computationally efficient SLDO is developed within a framework of feedback-error learning scheme in which a conventional estimation law and a Neuro-Fuzzy Structure (NFS) work in parallel. In this framework, the NFS estimates the mismatched disturbances and becomes the leading disturbance estimator while the former feeds the learning error to the NFS to learn system behavior. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed SMC based on SLDO (SMC-SLDO) ensures the robust control performance in the presence of mismatched time-varying uncertainties when compared to SMC, integral SMC (ISMC) and SMC based on a Basic Nonlinear Disturbance Observer (SMC-BNDO), and also remains the nominal control performance in the absence of mismatched uncertainties. Additionally, the SMC-SLDO not only counteracts mismatched time-varying uncertainties but also improve the transient response performance in the presence of mismatched time-invariant uncertainties. Moreover, the controller gain of the SMC-SLDO is required to be selected larger than the upper bound of the disturbance estimation error rather than the upper bound of the actual disturbance to guarantee the system stability which results in eliminating the chattering effects on the control signal.
The role of translational invariance in non linear gauge theories of gravity
Creators: name: Martin, J.
name: Tiemblo, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The internal structure of the tetrads in a Poincaré non linear gauge theory of gravity is considered. Minkowskian coordinates becomes dynamical degrees of freedom playing the role of Goldstone bosons of the translations. A critical length allowing a covariant expansion similar to the weak field approach is deduced, the zeroth order metric being maximally symmetric (Minkowskian in some cases).
description: 17 pages, LaTeX
Application of nonlinear phonological theory to intervention with six phonologically disordered children
Creators: name: Bernhardt, Barbara May
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The purpose of this investigation was to examine the utility of nonlinear phonological frameworks for designing and executing an intervention program with phonologically disordered children. Six such children between the ages of 3 and 6 years participated in the study three times a week over three consecutive six-week blocks. The following general questions were addressed: 1. Will nonlinear phonological frameworks help to predict logical and attainable intervention goals for phonologically disordered children? 2. Are the separate prosodic and segmental levels of representation of nonlinear phonology psychologically real? 3. If the 'prosodic tier' has some observable clinical reality, will there be a difference in proportion and rate of syllable/word shapes acquired as a result of intervention methods that contrast the onset and rime versus those that utilize the mora a constituent? 4. If the 'segmental/melodic tier' has some observable independence, is there any advantage to be gained from targeting specified features at 'higher' versus lower' levels in the feature hierarchy in phonemic inventory intervention? An alternating block, mulitiple baseline design (counterbalanced over six single subjects) provided an opportunity to investigate the above questions. Within each six-week block, three week periods were devoted in turn to prosodic (syllable structure) training and segmental training. Prosodic subblocks were divided into two four-session sunblocks to contrast developmental change for targets presented as moraic constituents versus onset-rime constituents. Segmental periods were divided into two four-session subblocks to contrast developmental change for features from higher and lower levels in the feature hierarchy. Analyses during and after the study demonstrated the following with respect to the four research questions: 1. The nonlinear frameworks provided a logical model for deriving attainable intervention goals. All of the children became intelligible by the end of the project as a result of attaining the goals determined by nonlinear phonological theory. 2. Rate of attainment of syllabic and segmental goals differed, with a faster rate of change for syllabic goals overall, suggesting independence of segmental and prosodic tiers, and possible dominance of the prosodic tier. Interactions between tiers were also observed, suggesting that they are interdependent as well as autonomous. 3. Moraic and onset-rime condition quantitative results were virtually equivalent, but some qualitative differences appeared which had relevance for the each of the theories with respect to status of the onset, word-final consonants, and epenthesis. 4. Higher level features in the feature hierarchy tended to be acquired before lower level features. The nonlinear phonological frameworks stimulated a successful intervention study. Evidence gained through this study in turn contributes to the understanding of the nonlinear constructs.
Fractional quantum Hall effect in a quantum point contact at filling fraction 5/2
Creators: name: Miller, J. B.
name: Radu, I. P.
name: Zumbuhl, D. M.
name: Levenson-Falk, E. M.
name: Kastner, M. A.
name: Marcus, C. M.
name: Pfeiffer, L. N.
name: West, K. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent theories suggest that the excitations of certain quantum Hall states may have exotic braiding statistics which could be used to build topological quantum gates. This has prompted an experimental push to study such states using confined geometries where the statistics can be tested. We study the transport properties of quantum point contacts (QPCs) fabricated on a GaAs/AlGaAs two dimensional electron gas that exhibits well-developed fractional quantum Hall effect, including at bulk filling fraction 5/2. We find that a plateau at effective QPC filling factor 5/2 is identifiable in point contacts with lithographic widths of 1.2 microns and 0.8 microns, but not 0.5 microns. We study the temperature and dc-current-bias dependence of the 5/2 plateau in the QPC, as well as neighboring fractional and integer plateaus in the QPC while keeping the bulk at filling factor 3. Transport near QPC filling factor 5/2 is consistent with a picture of chiral Luttinger liquid edge-states with inter-edge tunneling, suggesting that an incompressible state at 5/2 forms in this confined geometry.
Quantum Machine-Learning for Eigenstate Filtration in Two-Dimensional Materials
Creators: name: Sajjan, Manas
name: Sureshbabu, Shree Hari
name: Kais, Sabre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum machine learning algorithms have emerged to be a promising alternative to their classical counterparts as they leverage the power of quantum computers. Such algorithms have been developed to solve problems like electronic structure calculations of molecular systems and spin models in magnetic systems. However the discussion in all these recipes focus specifically on targeting the ground state. Herein we demonstrate a quantum algorithm that can filter any energy eigenstate of the system based on either symmetry properties or on a predefined choice of the user. The work horse of our technique is a shallow neural network encoding the desired state of the system with the amplitude computed by sampling the Gibbs- Boltzmann distribution using a quantum circuit and the phase information obtained classically from the non-linear activation of a separate set of neurons. We show that the resource requirements of our algorithm is strictly quadratic. To demonstrate its efficacy, we use state-filtration in monolayer transition metal-dichalcogenides which are hitherto unexplored in any flavor of quantum simulations. We implement our algorithm not only on quantum simulators but also on actual IBM-Q quantum devices and show good agreement with the results procured from conventional electronic structure calculations. We thus expect our protocol to provide a new alternative in exploring band-structures of exquisite materials to usual electronic structure methods or machine learning techniques which are implementable solely on a classical computer
An ASSF and the Teleparallelisim
Creators: name: Korunur, Murat
name: Salti, Mustafa
name: Aydogdu, Oktay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper has been removed by arXiv administrators because it plagiarizes gr-qc/0203084, gr-qc/0607138, gr-qc/0011087, gr-qc/0102070, gr-qc/0607138, gr-qc/0109017, gr-qc/0212018, and gr-qc/9409039.
description: This submission has been withdrawn by arXiv administrators due to inappropriate text reuse from external sources
EXplainable Neural-Symbolic Learning (X-NeSyL) methodology to fuse deep learning representations with expert knowledge graphs: the MonuMAI cultural heritage use case
Creators: name: Díaz-Rodríguez, Natalia
name: Lamas, Alberto
name: Sanchez, Jules
name: Franchi, Gianni
name: Donadello, Ivan
name: Tabik, Siham
name: Filliat, David
name: Cruz, Policarpo
name: Montes, Rosana
name: Herrera, Francisco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The latest Deep Learning (DL) models for detection and classification have achieved an unprecedented performance over classical machine learning algorithms. However, DL models are black-box methods hard to debug, interpret, and certify. DL alone cannot provide explanations that can be validated by a non technical audience. In contrast, symbolic AI systems that convert concepts into rules or symbols -- such as knowledge graphs -- are easier to explain. However, they present lower generalisation and scaling capabilities. A very important challenge is to fuse DL representations with expert knowledge. One way to address this challenge, as well as the performance-explainability trade-off is by leveraging the best of both streams without obviating domain expert knowledge. We tackle such problem by considering the symbolic knowledge is expressed in form of a domain expert knowledge graph. We present the eXplainable Neural-symbolic learning (X-NeSyL) methodology, designed to learn both symbolic and deep representations, together with an explainability metric to assess the level of alignment of machine and human expert explanations. The ultimate objective is to fuse DL representations with expert domain knowledge during the learning process to serve as a sound basis for explainability. X-NeSyL methodology involves the concrete use of two notions of explanation at inference and training time respectively: 1) EXPLANet: Expert-aligned eXplainable Part-based cLAssifier NETwork Architecture, a compositional CNN that makes use of symbolic representations, and 2) SHAP-Backprop, an explainable AI-informed training procedure that guides the DL process to align with such symbolic representations in form of knowledge graphs. We showcase X-NeSyL methodology using MonuMAI dataset for monument facade image classification, and demonstrate that our approach improves explainability and performance.
The induced turbulence effect on propagation of radio emission in pulsar magnetospheres
Creators: name: Luo, Qinghuan
name: Melrose, D. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of photon-beam-induced turbulence on propagation of radio emission in a pulsar magnetosphere is discussed. Beamed radio emission with a high brightness temperature can generate low-frequency plasma waves in the pulsar magnetosphere and these waves scatter the radio beam. We consider this effect on propagation of radio emission both in the open field line region and in the closed field line region. The former is applicable to most cases of pulsar radio emission where the propagation is confined to the polar region; it is shown that the induced process is not effective for radio emission of moderately high brightness temperature but can have a severe effect on giant pulses. For giant pulses not to be affected by this process, they must be emitted very close to the light cylinder. We show that the induced process is efficient in the closed field line region, inhibiting propagation of the radio emission in this region.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Self-organising Roles in Agile Globally Distributed Teams
Creators: name: Licorish, Sherlock A.
name: MacDonell, Stephen G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The ability to self-organise is posited to be a fundamental requirement for successful agile teams. In particular, self-organising teams are said to be crucial in agile globally distributed software development (AGSD) settings, where distance exacerbates team issues. We used contextual analysis to study the specific interaction behaviours and enacted roles of practitioners working in multiple AGSD teams. Our results show that the teams studied were extremely task focussed, and those who occupied team lead or programmer roles were central to their teams' self-organisation. These findings have implications for AGSD teams, and particularly for instances when programmers - or those occupying similar non-leadership positions - may not be willing to accept such responsibilities. We discuss the implications of our findings for information system development (ISD) practice.
description: Conference paper, 10 pages, 5 tables, 3 figures. Link: https://researchrepository.rmit.edu.au/esploro/outputs/conferenceProceeding/Self-organising-roles-in-agile-globally-distributed-teams/9921861433601341
Becoming a Teacher: Experiences of First Nations Student Teachers in Isolated Communities
Creators: name: Duquette, Cheryll
Publisher: name: Canadian Journal of Native Education
Year: 2021

description: The purpose of this research was to examine the experiences of First Nations student teachers living in isolated communities who were enrolled in a Native Teacher Education Program (NTEP). Tinto's (1975) model of dropping out/persistence provided the theoretical framework for the study. Mixed qualitative methods were used to collect data. It was found that most of the graduating students had considered withdrawing from the program. Reasons for remaining in the NTEP supported Tinto's model: stu­ dents possessed specific personal qualities, they felt comfortable in the academic milieu, and they were socially connected with peers and had the support of family and friends.
description: Canadian Journal of Native Education, Vol. 24 No. 2 (2000)
On some results of Agelas concerning the GRH and of Vassilev-Missana concerning the prime zeta function
Creators: name: Brent, Richard P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11M26, 11M06, 11A25, 11T22, 11M99

description: A recent paper by Agélas [Generalized Riemann Hypothesis, 2019, hal-00747680v3] claims to prove the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis (GRH) and, as a special case, the Riemann Hypothesis (RH). We show that the proof given by Agélas contains an error. In particular, Lemma 2.3 of Agélas is false. This Lemma 2.3 is a generalisation of Theorem 1 of Vassilev-Missana [A note on prime zeta function and Riemann zeta function, Notes on Number Theory and Discrete Mathematics, 22, 4 (2016), 12-15]. We show by several independent methods that Theorem 1 of Vassilev-Missana is false. We also show that Theorem 2 of Vassilev-Missana is false. This note has two aims. The first aim is to alert other researchers to these errors so they do not rely on faulty results in their own work. The second aim is pedagogical - we hope to show how these errors could have been detected earlier, which may suggest how similar errors can be avoided, or at least detected at an early stage.
description: 7 pages, postscript added in v2
Pure state estimation and the characterization of entanglement
Creators: name: Navascues, Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A connection between the state estimation problem and the separability problem is noticed and exploited to find efficient numerical algorithms to solve the first one. Based on these ideas, we also derive a systematic method to obtain upper bounds on the maximum local fidelity when the states are distributed among several distant parties.
description: Closer to published version
A role for GLUT3 in glioblastoma cell invasion that is not recapitulated by GLUT1
Creators: name: Libby, Catherine J
name: Gc, Sajina
name: Benavides, Gloria A.
name: Fisher, Jennifer L.
name: Williford, Sarah E.
name: Zhang, Sixue
name: Tran, Anh Nhat
name: Gordon, Emily R.
name: Jones, Amber B.
name: Tuy, Kaysaw
name: Flavahan, William
name: Gordillo, Juan
name: Long, Ashlee
name: Cooper, Sara J.
name: Lasseigne, Brittany N.
name: Augelli-Szafran, Corinne E.
name: Darley-Usmar, Victor
name: Hjelmeland, Anita B.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Ecology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: The multifaceted roles of metabolism in invasion have been investigated across many cancers. The brain tumor glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly invasive and metabolically plastic tumor with an inevitable recurrence. The neuronal glucose transporter 3 (GLUT3) was previously reported to correlate with poor glioma patient survival and be upregulated in GBM cells to promote therapeutic resistance and survival under restricted glucose conditions. It has been suggested that the increased glucose uptake mediated by GLUT3 elevation promotes survival of circulating tumor cells to facilitate metastasis. Here we suggest a more direct role for GLUT3 in promoting invasion that is not dependent upon changes in cell survival or metabolism. Analysis of glioma datasets demonstrated that GLUT3, but not GLUT1, expression was elevated in invasive disease. In human xenograft derived GBM cells, GLUT3, but not GLUT1, elevation significantly increased invasion in transwell assays, but not growth or migration. Further, there were no changes in glycolytic metabolism that correlated with invasive phenotypes. We identified the GLUT3 C-terminus as mediating invasion: substituting the C-terminus of GLUT1 for that of GLUT3 reduced invasion. RNA-seq analysis indicated changes in extracellular matrix organization in GLUT3 overexpressing cells, including upregulation of osteopontin. Together, our data suggest a role for GLUT3 in increasing tumor cell invasion that is not recapitulated by GLUT1, is separate from its role in metabolism and survival as a glucose transporter, and is likely broadly applicable since GLUT3 expression correlates with metastasis in many solid tumors.
Group I p21-activated kinases in leukemia cell adhesion to fibronectin
Creators: name: Kuželová, Kateřina
name: Obr, Adam
name: Röselová, Pavla
name: Grebeňová, Dana
name: Otevřelová, Petra
name: Brodská, Barbora
name: Holoubek, Aleš
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: P21-activated kinases (PAK) regulate processes associated with cytoskeleton dynamics. PAK expression in leukemia cells was measured on protein and mRNA levels. In functional assays, we analyzed the effect of PAK inhibitors IPA-3 and FRAX597 on cell adhesivity and viability. PAK2 was dominant in cell lines, whereas primary cells also expressed comparable amount of PAK1 transcription isoforms: PAK1-full and PAK1Δ15. PAK1Δ15 and PAK2 levels correlated with surface density of integrins β1 and αVβ3. PAK1-full, but not PAK2, was present in membrane protrusions. IPA-3, which prevents PAK activation, induced cell contraction in semi-adherent HEL cells only. FRAX597, which inhibits PAK kinase activity, increased cell-surface contact area in all leukemia cells. Both inhibitors reduced the stability of cell attachment and induced cell death.
Trapping Horizons of the Evolving Charged Wormhole and Black Bounce
Creators: name: Yang, Jinbo
name: Huang, Hyat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain one family of dynamic solutions in the Einstein-Maxwell-scalar(EMS) theory. Our solutions could describe the evolving charged black(white) hole or wormhole and its transition, including the case of black bounce/wormhole transition. We compare different wormhole throat definitions and suggest that the usage of trapping horizons is the most suitable choice for tracking the evolution of the dynamic black(white) hole and wormhole, and their conversion in a unified framework. Then we research several evolving processes in the appropriate parameters region, including the charge, the initial condition for the scalar hair, and parameters in our EMS Lagrangian. The results show that the appearance of a degenerate marginal trapped surface is the crucial event for the conversion or transition, particularly in these cases: i) when the evolving wormhole converts to a black hole, the surface emerges and splits into two trapping horizons; ii) if the metric would become a black hole but finally fails, two trapping horizons combine as the surface and then vanish; iii) if the black bounce/wormhole transition happens, one single trapping horizon changes its type.
description: Matched the published version. Added Penrose diagrams
A 62 Day X-Ray Periodicity and an X-Ray Flare from the Ultraluminous X-Ray Source in M82
Creators: name: Kaaret, Philip
name: Simet, Melanie G.
name: Lang, Cornelia C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In 240 days of X-ray monitoring of M82, we have discovered an X-ray periodicity at $62.0 \pm 2.5$ days with a peak to peak amplitude corresponding to an isotropic luminosity of $2.4 \times 10^{40} \rm erg s^{-1}$ in M82 and an X-ray flare reaching a peak luminosity of $9.8 \times 10^{40} \rm erg s^{-1}$. The periodicity and flare likely originate from the ultraluminous X-ray source (ULX) in M82 which has been identified as a possible intermediate mass black hole. We suggest that the 62~day modulation is due to orbital motion within an X-ray binary with a Roche-lobe overflowing companion star which would imply that the average density of the companion star is near $5 \times 10^{-5} \rm g cm^{-3}$ and is therefore a giant or supergiant. Chandra observations just after the flare show an energy spectrum that is consistent with a power-law with no evidence of a thermal component or line emission. Radio observations made with the VLA during the flare allow us to rule out a blazar identification for the source and place strong constraints on relativistically beamed models of the X-ray emission. The Chandra observations reveal a second X-ray source reached a flux of $4.4 \times 10^{-12} \rm erg cm^{-2} s^{-1}$ in the 0.3-7 keV band which is dramatically higher than any flux previously seen from this source and corresponds to an isotropic luminosity of $1.1 \times 10^{40} \rm erg s^{-1}$. This source is a second ultraluminous X-ray source in M82 and may give rise to the QPOs detected from the central region of M82.
description: 15 pages, one color figure, to appear in ApJ
`What is a Thing?': Topos Theory in the Foundations of Physics
Creators: name: Doering, Andreas
name: Isham, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The goal of this paper is to summarise the first steps in developing a fundamentally new way of constructing theories of physics. The motivation comes from a desire to address certain deep issues that arise when contemplating quantum theories of space and time. In doing so we provide a new answer to Heidegger's timeless question ``What is a thing?''. Our basic contention is that constructing a theory of physics is equivalent to finding a representation in a topos of a certain formal language that is attached to the system. Classical physics uses the topos of sets. Other theories involve a different topos. For the types of theory discussed in this paper, a key goal is to represent any physical quantity $A$ with an arrow $\breve{A}_ϕ:\Si_ϕ\map\R_ϕ$ where $\Si_ϕ$ and $\R_ϕ$ are two special objects (the `state-object' and `quantity-value object') in the appropriate topos, $τ_ϕ$. We discuss two different types of language that can be attached to a system, $S$. The first, $\PL{S}$, is a propositional language; the second, $Ł{S}$, is a higher-order, typed language. Both languages provide deductive systems with an intuitionistic logic. With the aid of $\PL{S}$ we expand and develop some of the earlier work (By CJI and collaborators.) on topos theory and quantum physics. A key step is a process we term `daseinisation' by which a projection operator is mapped to a sub-object of the spectral presheaf $\Sig$--the topos quantum analogue of a classical state space. The topos concerned is $\SetH{}$: the category of contravariant set-valued functors on the category (partially ordered set) $\V{}$ of commutative sub-algebras of the algebra of bounded operators on the quantum Hilbert space $\Hi$.
description: To appear in ``New Structures in Physics'' ed R. Coecke
Ubiquitin gene structure and expression in Caenorhabditis elegans
Creators: name: Graham, Roger Walter
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Ubiquitin is a multifunctional 76 amino acid protein which plays critical roles in many aspects of cellular metabolism. Ubiquitin protein structure and gene structure are highly conserved among eukaryotes. In C. elegans the major source of ubiquitin RNA was shown to be the polyubiquitin locus, UbiA. UbiA was shown to be transcribed as a polycistronic mRNA which contained eleven tandem repeats of ubiquitin sequence and possessed a two amino acid carboxy terminal extension on the final repeat. Mature UbiA mRNA was demonstrated to acquire a 22 nucleotide leader sequence via a trans splicing reaction involving a 100 nucleotide splice leader RNA derived from a different chromosome. UbiA was also shown to be unique among known polyubiquitin genes in containing four cis spliced introns within its coding sequence. Thus UbiA was shown to be one of a small class of genes found in higher eukaryotes whose hnRNA undergoes both cis and trans splicing. The expression of the UbiA gene was studied under various heat shock conditions, and was monitored during larval molting and throughout the major stages of development. These studies indicated that the expression of the UbiA gene was not inducible by acute or chronic heat shock, and did not appear to be under nutritional or developmental regulation. A second ubiquitin gene, UbiB, was cloned from C. elegans and a related nematode species C. briggsae. This gene was comprised of (at least) one ubiquitin unit followed by a basic 52 amino acid tail sequence.
Additional file 2 of LILRB4 regulates the function of decidual MDSCs via the SHP-2/STAT6 pathway during Toxoplasma gondii infection
Creators: name: Li, Yuantao
name: Guo, Jingjing
name: Zhang, Haixia
name: Li, Zhidan
name: Ren, Yushan
name: Jiang, Yuzhu
name: Liu, Xianbing
name: Hu, Xuemei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Reagents and antibodies used in this study.