cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Phonon enhancement of electronic orders and negative isotope effect in the Hubbard-Holstein model on a square lattice
Creators: name: Wang, Da
name: Wang, Wan-Sheng
name: Wang, Qiang-Hua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Looking for superconductors with higher transition temperature requires a guiding principle. In conventional superconductors, electrons pair up into Cooper pairs via the retarded attraction mediated by electron-phonon coupling. Higher-frequency phonon (or smaller atomic mass) leads to higher superconducting transition temperature, known as the isotope effect. Furthermore, superconductivity is the only instability channel of the metallic normal state. In correlated systems, the above simple scenario could be easily violated. The strong local interaction is poorly screened, and this conspires with a featured Fermi surface to promote various competing electronic orders, such as spin-density-wave, charge-density-wave and unconventional superconductivity. On top of the various phases, the effect of electron-phonon coupling is an intriguing issue. Using the functional renormalization group, here we investigated the interplay between the electron correlation and electron-phonon coupling in a prototype Hubbard-Holstein model on a square lattice. At half-filling, we found spin-density-wave and charge-density-wave phases and the transition between them, while no superconducting phase arises. Upon finite doping, d-wave/s-wave superconductivity emerges in proximity to spin-density-wave/charge-density-wave phases. Surprisingly, lower-frequency Holstein-phonons are either less destructive, or even beneficial, to the various phases, resulting in a negative isotope effect. We discuss the underlying mechanism behind and the implications of such anomalous effects.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, together with supplementary material
Z -scores and the birthweight paradox
Creators: name: Platt, Robert W.
name: Mumford, Sunni L.
name: Schisterman, Enrique F.
name: Whitcomb, Brian W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Investigators have long puzzled over the observation that low-birthweight babies of smokers tend to fare better than low-birthweight babies of non-smokers. Similar observations have been made with regard to factors other than smoking status, including socio-economic status, race and parity. Use of standardised birthweights, or birthweight z-scores, has been proposed as an approach to resolve the crossing of the curves that is the hallmark of the so-called birthweight paradox. In this paper, we utilise directed acyclic graphs, analytical proofs and an extensive simulation study to consider the use of z-scores of birthweight and their effect on statistical analysis. We illustrate the causal questions implied by inclusion of birthweight in statistical models, and illustrate the utility of models that include birthweight or z-scores to address those questions.
Critical line of 2+1 flavor QCD: Toward the continuum limit
Creators: name: Cea, Paolo
name: Cosmai, Leonardo
name: Papa, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the continuum limit of the curvature of the pseudocritical line of QCD with $n_f$=2+1 staggered fermions at nonzero temperature and quark density. We perform Monte Carlo simulations at imaginary baryon chemical potentials, adopting the HISQ/tree action discretization, as implemented in the code by the MILC collaboration. Couplings are adjusted so as to move on a line of constant physics, as determined in Ref.~\cite{Bazavov:2011nk}, with the strange quark mass $m_s$ fixed at its physical value and a light-to-strange mass ratio $m_l/m_s=1/20$. The chemical potential is set at the same value for the three quark species, $μ_l=μ_s\equiv μ$. We attempt an extrapolation to the continuum using the results on lattices with temporal size up to $L_t=12$. Our estimate for the continuum value of the curvature $κ$ at zero baryon density, $κ=0.020(4)$, is compared with recent lattice results and with experimental determinations of the freeze-out curve.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, 16 tables; modified title and abstract, added two tables and a few comments in the text, added appendix with 13 tables; version to appear on Phys. Rev. D
Additional file 1 of Right dose, right now: bedside, real-time, data-driven, and personalised antibiotic dosing in critically ill patients with sepsis or septic shock—a two-centre randomised clinical trial
Creators: name: Roggeveen, Luca F.
name: Guo, Tingjie
name: Fleuren, Lucas M.
name: Driessen, Ronald
name: Thoral, Patrick
name: van Hest, Reinier M.
name: Mathot, Ron A. A.
name: Swart, Eleonora L.
name: de Grooth, Harm-Jan
name: van den Bogaard, Bas
name: Girbes, Armand R. J.
name: Bosman, Rob J.
name: Elbers, Paul W. G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Electronic supplementary material.
Origin of large thermal effect in the Casimir interaction between two graphene sheets
Creators: name: Klimchitskaya, G. L.
name: Mostepanenko, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the recently derived representation for the polarization tensor in (2+1)-dimensional space-time allowing an analytic continuation to the entire plane of complex frequencies, we obtain simple analytic expressions for the reflection coefficients of graphene at nonzero Matsubara frequencies. In the framework of the Lifshitz theory, these coefficients are shown to lead to nearly exact results for the Casimir free energy and pressure between two graphene sheets. The constituent parts of large thermal effect, arising in the Casimir interaction at short separations due to an explicit parametric dependence of the polarization tensor on the temperature and an implicit dependence through a summation over the Matsubara frequencies, are calculated. It is demonstrated that an explicit thermal effect exceeds an implicit one at shorter separations, both effects are similar in magnitudes at moderate separations, and that an implicit effect becomes a larger one with further increase of separation. Possible applications of the developed formalism, other than the Casimir effect, are discussed.
description: 19 pages, 2 tables, 3 figures; Phys. Rev. B, accepted for publication
ULTRASTRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF THE DIGESTIVE GLAND OF THE LOBSTER HOMARUS-GAMMARUS - ROLE OF VARIOUS CELL-TYPES IN DIGESTIVE PROCESSES
Creators: name: Paquet, F.
name: Germain, P.
name: Fritsch, P.
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1994

description: An ultra-structural study is realised on the digestive gland of the lobster Homarus gammarus. This work shows the presence of five cellular types, four of them being involved in the digestive processes. One type (E-cell) has embryonic characteristics and differentiate, along digestive cycle, into F-cells or R-cells. F-cells appear to play a role in secretory processes, whilst R-cells are responsible for resorption and long-term retention of nutrients. Only one type (B-cell) is involved in nutrient incorporation and digestion. The fith cellular type are in fact blood cells, which penetrate into hepato-pancreatic tissue and act as the vertebrate macrophage cells.
Accuracy of reporting bleeding during pregnancy
Creators: name: Baird, Donna D.
name: Herring, Amy H.
name: Jonsson Funk, Michele L.
name: Hasan, Reem
name: Olshan, Andrew F.
name: Hartmann, Katherine E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Vaginal bleeding during pregnancy has been considered a marker of an at-risk pregnancy, but the accuracy of reported bleeding has not been assessed. We sought to evaluate the agreement in vaginal bleeding reports based on prospective daily diary and retrospective recall at first trimester interview and to investigate predictors of reporting accuracy. Participants recruited prior to pregnancy for a community-based pregnancy cohort (n=153) completed web-based daily diaries beginning prior to pregnancy up through the end of the first trimester. A comprehensive first-trimester interview was conducted, and the bleeding data from diary and interview were compared. Kappa statistics were used to quantify agreement. Log-linear models were used to investigate maternal age, prior miscarriage, and current pregnancy outcome as potential predictors of agreement. We found that bleeding characteristics (number of bleeding episodes, bleeding heaviness, duration, and gestational timing) from the diary and interview were reported with high levels of agreement. Kappas ranged from 0.77-0.84. Retrospective report of any bleeding had a sensitivity of 0.80 and specificity of 1.0; however, sensitivity was lower when examined within smaller time intervals. Important predictors of agreement were not identified in this analysis, but the sample was small. Overall, the presence of vaginal bleeding, a common and potentially alarming symptom of early pregnancy, may be assessed by interview later in pregnancy with reasonable accuracy.
Lactational exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene and infant growth: an analysis of the Pregnancy, Infection, and Nutrition Babies Study: Lactational exposure to persistent environmental pollutants
Creators: name: Siega-Riz, Anna Maria
name: Rogan, Walter J.
name: Daniels, Julie L.
name: Goldman, Barbara D.
name: Sjödin, Andreas
name: Herring, Amy H.
name: Pan, I. Jen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), 2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane (p,p’-DDT) and 2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dichloroethylene (p,p’-DDE), the most stable metabolite of p,p’-DDT, are persistent organic pollutants and environmental endocrine disruptors. Infant exposure to these chemicals through breast feeding may influence children’s growth, but this potential adverse effect could be complicated by the co-existing benefits of breast feeding. This study examined the associations between lactational exposure to these chemicals and infant growth in the first 12 months by using data from the Pregnancy, Infection and Nutrition Babies Study in central North Carolina, United States, 2004–2006. The study population was restricted to the infants who were breastfed for 6 months or longer. PCBs, p,p’-DDT and p,p’-DDE were measured in breast milk at 3 months postpartum. Lactational exposure through 12 months was estimated as the product of chemical concentrations and the duration of breast feeding. The infant’s weight and length were recorded from the medical record for each routine pediatric well-child visit in the first 12 months. Women-child pairs who breastfed for 6 months or longer and returned the growth card (n=210), were included in the study. Linear mixed effects models were used to assess the associations between chemical concentrations in breast milk and longitudinal infant weight and length measurements in the first 6 months. Multivariable linear regression models were used to assess the relationships between lactational exposure to chemicals through 12 months and the z-scores of infant weight, length and weight-for-length at 12 months. Overall, no association was observed. Breast feeding for 6 months or longer, with lactational exposure to PCBs, p,p’-DDT and p,p’-DDE at the low background level concentrations studied here, results in no measurable influence on infant growth in the first 12 months.
(400047) William Banks
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Generation of entangled photon strings using NV centers in diamond
Creators: name: Rao, D. D. Bhaktavatsala
name: Yang, Sen
name: Wrachtrup, Jörg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a scheme to generate entangled photons using the NV centers in diamond. We show how the long-lived nuclear spin in diamond can mediate entanglement between multiple photons thereby increasing the length of entangled photon string. With the proposed scheme one could generate both n-photon GHZ and cluster states. We present an experimental scheme realizing the same and estimating the rate of entanglement generation both in the presence and absence of a cavity.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Supplementary material from Can pathogens optimize both transmission and dispersal by exploiting sexual dimorphism in their hosts?.
Creators: name: Nørgaard, Louise Solveig
name: Phillips, Ben L.
name: Hall, Matthew D.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Pathogens often rely on their host for dispersal. Yet, maximizing fitness via replication can cause damage to the host and an associated reduction in host movement, incurring a trade-off between transmission and dispersal. Here, we test the idea that pathogens might mitigate this trade-off between reproductive fitness and dispersal by taking advantage of sexual dimorphism in their host, tailoring responses separately to males and females. Using experimental populations of Daphnia magna and its bacterial pathogen Pasteuria ramosa as a test-case, we find evidence that this pathogen can use male hosts as a dispersal vector, and the larger females as high-quality resource patches for optimized production of transmission spores. As sexual dimorphism in dispersal and body size is widespread across the animal kingdom, this differential exploitation of the sexes by a pathogen might be an unappreciated phenomenon, possibly evolved in various systems.
(400046) Jane Banks
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Reproductive biology of the speckled shrimp Metapenaeus monoceros (Fabricius, 1798) (Decapoda: Penaeidae) in the gulf of Gabes (Southern Tunisia, Eastern Mediterranean)
Creators: name: BEN HADJ HAMIDA-BEN ABDALLAH, Olfa
name: BEN HADJ HAMIDA, Nader
name: JARBOUI, Othman
name: FIORENTINO, Fabio
name: MISSAOUI, Hechmi
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2009

description: The present study describes the reproductive biology including sex-ratio, ovarian maturation, size at sexual
 maturity and spawning season of the speckled shrimp Metapenaeus monoceros (Decapoda: Penaeidae) in the Gulf of Gabes
 (Southern Tunisia, Eastern Mediterranean). Samples for biological investigations were collected from the commercial
 catches of trawlers and tramel nets from January 2007 to January 2008. A total of 4226 specimens ranging from 46 to 170
 mm TL (total length) and 0.656 to 39.554 g BW (body weight) were analysed in the present study. Females outnumbered
 males by 1.5 to 1 (2533 vs.1693 individuals). Sexual maturity stages were classified into five categories for females and
 four categories for males based on the visual observation of gonad's coulour and shape. The spawning season was estimated
 based on monthly changes of gonadosomatic index, condition factors and gonadal maturity stages. The spawning occurred
 twice a year, with the first peak in May-June and the second more intensive one in October-November. The size at sexual
 maturity (TL50) was 76.5 mm TL for males and 122.3 mm TL for females. The data presented in this study would be useful
 for the sustainable management of the speckled shrimp fishery in the Gulf of Gabes.
Track Layouts, Layered Path Decompositions, and Leveled Planarity
Creators: name: Bannister, Michael J.
name: Devanny, William E.
name: Dujmović, Vida
name: Eppstein, David
name: Wood, David R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 05C10

description: We investigate two types of graph layouts, track layouts and layered path decompositions, and the relations between their associated parameters track-number and layered pathwidth. We use these two types of layouts to characterize leveled planar graphs, which are the graphs with planar leveled drawings with no dummy vertices. It follows from the known NP-completeness of leveled planarity that track-number and layered pathwidth are also NP-complete, even for the smallest constant parameter values that make these parameters nontrivial. We prove that the graphs with bounded layered pathwidth include outerplanar graphs, Halin graphs, and squaregraphs, but that (despite having bounded track-number) series-parallel graphs do not have bounded layered pathwidth. Finally, we investigate the parameterized complexity of these layouts, showing that past methods used for book layouts do not work to parameterize the problem by treewidth or almost-tree number but that the problem is (non-uniformly) fixed-parameter tractable for tree-depth.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures
Reproductive biology of the pearl oyster, Pinctada radiata (Mollusca: Pteriidae), in northern Kerkennah Island (Gulf of Gabes)
Creators: name: DERBALI, Abdelkarim
name: JARBOUI, Othman
name: GHORBEL, Mohamed
name: DHIEB, Khalifa
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2009

description: The reproductive cycle of the pearl oyster, Pinctada radiata, from Kerkennah Island (Gulf of Gabes) was
 investigated monthly between January and December 2007. Over the entire population, the sex ratio unbalanced, although
 males dominated among smaller individuals (shell height SH < 65 mm) and females were predominant in larger size-classes
 (SH > 65 mm). Evidence of protrandric hermaphroditism was observed with males maturing earlier than females. Males as
 small as 23 mm SL were found, whereas females were not observed at a size of less than 33 mm SL. The size at which 50%
 of the population reached maturity was 28 and 38 mm SL for males and females, respectively.  Seasonal changes in macro-
 and microscopic properties of the gonads of both sexes showed that this species displayed a clearly defined annual
 reproductive cycle with a major peak in summer and a minor peak in autumn. The onset of reproduction appears to be
 triggered by the rising seawater temperature during spring and summer. P. radiata exhibited a short resting phase that
 occurred simultaneously in both sexes from the end of December until early February.
(400045) Catharine [Banks]
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Additional file 2 of Effect of the preoperative physical status on postoperative nausea and vomiting risk: a matched cohort study
Creators: name: Kim, Jong Ho
name: Kim, Haewon
name: Yoo, Kookhyun
name: Hwang, Sung Mi
name: Lim, So Young
name: Lee, Jae Jun
name: Kwon, Young Suk
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Supporting Information Table 2. Characteristics and perioperative data before and after propensity score matching of ASA-PS 1 and 3 patients who underwent procedures under anesthesia except for local anesthesia in the sensitivity analysis. Values are number (percentages) or median (interquartile ranges). ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; PS, physical status; GY, gynecology; ENT; otorhinolaryngology; NPO, nothing by mouth; OR, operation room; RR, recovery room; ASD, absolute standardised difference.
Neighbourhood food environment and gestational diabetes in New York City: Neighbourhood food environment and gestational diabetes
Creators: name: Borrell, Luisa N.
name: Rundle, Andrew
name: Savitz, David A.
name: Janevic, Teresa
name: Herring, Amy H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: The association between neighbourhood characteristics and gestational diabetes has not been examined previously. We investigated the relationship between the number of healthy food outlets (supermarkets; fruit/vegetable and natural food stores), and unhealthy food outlets (fast food; pizza; bodegas; bakeries; convenience, candy/nut and meat stores) in census tract of residence, and gestational diabetes in New York City. Gestational diabetes, census tract and individual-level covariates were ascertained from linked birth-hospital data for 210 926 singleton births from 2001 to 2002 and linked to commercial data on retail food outlets. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) were estimated using a multilevel logistic model.
Supplementary material from Can pathogens optimize both transmission and dispersal by exploiting sexual dimorphism in their hosts?
Creators: name: Nørgaard, Louise Solveig
name: Phillips, Ben L.
name: Hall, Matthew D.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Pathogens often rely on their host for dispersal. Yet, maximizing fitness via replication can cause damage to the host and an associated reduction in host movement, incurring a trade-off between transmission and dispersal. Here, we test the idea that pathogens might mitigate this trade-off between reproductive fitness and dispersal by taking advantage of sexual dimorphism in their host; tailoring responses separately to males and females. Using experimental populations of Daphnia magna and its bacterial pathogen Pasteuria ramosa as a test-case, we find evidence that this pathogen can use male hosts as a dispersal vector, and the larger females as high-quality resource patches for optimized production of transmission spores. As sexual dimorphism in dispersal and body size is widespread across the animal kingdom, this differential exploitation of the sexes by a pathogen might be an unappreciated phenomenon, possibly evolved in various systems.
Fault Tolerant Filtering and Fault Detection for Quantum Systems Driven By Fields in Single Photon States
Creators: name: Gao, Qing
name: Dong, Daoyi
name: Petersen, Ian R.
name: Rabitz, Herschel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The purpose of this paper is to solve a fault tolerant filtering and fault detection problem for a class of open quantum systems driven by a continuous-mode bosonic input field in single photon states when the systems are subject to stochastic faults. Optimal estimates of both the system observables and the fault process are simultaneously calculated and characterized by a set of coupled recursive quantum stochastic differential equations.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1504.06780
Additional file 1 of Effect of the preoperative physical status on postoperative nausea and vomiting risk: a matched cohort study
Creators: name: Kim, Jong Ho
name: Kim, Haewon
name: Yoo, Kookhyun
name: Hwang, Sung Mi
name: Lim, So Young
name: Lee, Jae Jun
name: Kwon, Young Suk
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supporting Information Table 1. Characteristics and perioperative data before and after propensity score matching of ASA-PS 1 and 2 patients who underwent procedures under anesthesia except for local anesthesia in the sensitivity analysis. Values are number (percentages) or median (interquartile ranges). ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; PS, physical status; GY, gynecology; ENT; otorhinolaryngology; NPO, nothing by mouth; OR, operation room; RR, recovery room; ASD, absolute standardised difference.
Diet of poor cod, Trisopterus minutus (Osteichthyes: Gadidae) from the eastern central Adriatic Sea
Creators: name: ŠANTIĆ, Mate
name: MIKULANDRA, Ivana
name: PALLAORO, Armin
name: JARDAS, Ivan
name: STAGLIČIĆ, Nika
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2009

description: The diet of poor cod, Trisopterus minutus, from the central Adriatic Sea, was investigated with respect to fish
 size and seasons. Stomach contents of 1200 specimens, 8.1 to 25.5 cm total length (TL), collected by bottom-trawl from
 January to December 2006 were analysed. The percentage of empty stomachs varied significantly with season (maximum
 during the winter, 23%; minimum during the summer, 5%). The prey items identified in the stomachs belong to seven major
 groups: Decapoda, Mysidacea, Euphausiacea, Stomatopoda, Teleostei, Cephalopoda and Polychaeta. Decapods were the
 most important ingested preys in all seasons as well as in size from 12.2 to 22.1 cm TL. Mysidacea constituted the main
 prey for fish up to 12.2 cm TL. The proportion of teleosts in stomach contents increased with the increasing size of poor
 cod and was 56% IRI (Index of Relative Importance) in largest size class (> 22.1 cm TL). Three decapods, Alpheus glaber
 (%IRI = 8.8), Processa canaliculata (%IRI = 6.3) and Pontocaris cataphractus (%IRI = 2.3), followed by teleost,
 Lesueurigobius friessi (%IRI = 2.1) were the most frequent preys. Diet composition showed little seasonal variation;
 decapods were the most important prey in all seasons especially during the summer. The lowest intensity of feeding
 recorded in winter could be related to lower sea temperature and to the spawning period. The stomach contents of the poor
 cod indicated that this species could be a euryphagous predator.
Physical activity and sleep among pregnant women
Creators: name: Monda, Keri
name: Evenson, Kelly R.
name: Herring, Amy H.
name: Wen, Fang
name: Borodulin, Katja
name: Dole, Nancy
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Sleep disturbances are common among pregnant women and safe treatments to improve sleep are needed. Generally, physical activity improves sleep, but studies are lacking on the associations of physical activity with sleep among pregnant women. Our aim was to investigate the cross-sectional association of various modes of physical activity and activity clusters with sleep quality and duration among 1259 pregnant women. Participants were recruited into the Pregnancy, Infection, and Nutrition Study from prenatal clinics at the University of North Carolina Hospitals (Chapel Hill, NC). Women self-reported sleep quality and duration and physical activity in the past week. We used cluster analysis to create seven physical activity profiles and multivariate logistic regression analysis with adjustments for age, race/ethnicity, education, marital status, parity, self-rated general health, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. Women with higher levels of occupational physical activity were more likely to report either short or normal sleep duration as compared to longer duration. Women with higher levels of indoor household physical activity were less likely to report normal sleep duration as compared to shorter duration. Women in the recreational-indoor household activity cluster were less likely than women in the inactivity cluster to report normal sleep duration as compared to longer duration. Our data suggest weak associations of physical activity with sleep duration and quality in late pregnancy. Physical activity is recommended to pregnant women for health benefits, yet more research is needed to understand if physical activity should be recommended for improving sleep.
IMPACT OF BACTERIAL EPIBIOSIS ON FUNCTIONAL-MORPHOLOGY OF SHRIMP ASSOCIATED WITH THE MID-ATLANTIC HYDROTHERMAL CONDITIONS
Creators: name: Casanova, B.
name: Brunet, M.
name: Segonzac, M.
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1993

description: This study deals with a morphological comparison between two carid species, Rimicaris exoculata and Chorocaris chacei, living with a rich bacterian epibiosis of the mid-Atlantic vents and a third one, Alvinocaris markensis which have no bacteria. On these two species, filamentous bacteria are dominant and fixed on different protected places (inner sheet of carapace : epimera and setae of gnathal appendages). All these sites are located on the way of current water which run along a prebranchial chamber constituted by anterior and lateral expansion of carapace. In this ''culture chamber'', autotrophic bacteria found favourable conditions : numerous anchoring points, particularly on setules of setae and on epimera, iron sulfur brought by currents of water and used of their metabolism. A comparated study of gnathal appendices as also the reduction of the mouth area and mandibles show that Rimicaris is more modified than Chorocaris. Studies have also been done on internal gastric armature, digestive contents and gills. Observations of bacteria on integument show that they are on epicuticle. The disappearance of the procuticle at the level of epimera under which exist important hemolym lacunae in Rimicaris suggest a possible direct transcuticle absorption of dissolved substances which will be a complementary part supply to a particular absorption of episymbiotic and free bacteria. This bacterian cuticular episymbiosis of the prawns of Atlantic vents recalls that observed for the Pompeii worms from the Pacific, particularly the carapace which would act a part of the tube.
(400044) James Banks
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Electronic Supplementary Material: Evolutionary dynamics of multiple games from Evolutionary dynamics of complex multiple games.
Creators: name: Venkateswaran, Vandana Revathi
name: Chaitanya S. Gokhale
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Evolutionary game theory has been successful in describing phenomena from bacterial population dynamics to the evolution of social behaviour. However, it has typically focused on a single game describing the interactions between individuals. Organisms are simultaneously involved in many intraspecies and interspecies interactions. Therefore, there is a need to move from single games to multiple games. However, these interactions in nature involve many players. Shifting from 2-player games to multiple multiplayer games yield richer dynamics closer to natural settings. Such a complete picture of multiple game dynamics (MGD), where multiple players are involved, was lacking. For multiple multiplayer games—where each game could have an arbitrary finite number of players and strategies, we provide a replicator equation for MGD having many players and strategies. We show that if the individual games involved have more than two strategies, then the combined dynamics cannot be understood by looking only at individual games. Expected dynamics from single games is no longer valid, and trajectories can possess different limiting behaviour. In the case of finite populations, we formulate and calculate an essential and useful stochastic property, fixation probability. Our results highlight that studying a set of interactions defined by a single game can be misleading if we do not take the broader setting of the interactions into account. Through our results and analysis, we thus discuss and advocate the development of evolutionary game(s) theory, which will help us disentangle the complexity of multiple interactions.
Sipunculans associated with the seagrass Thalassia hemprichii from Taiwan and two vicinity Islands
Creators: name: HSIEH, I-Ting
name: AÇIK, Sermin
name: MOK, Hin-Kiu
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2009

description: The present study deals with the species of sipunculans collected in the seagrass patches Thalassia hemprichii
 (Lin, 1998) from Taiwan and two vicinity islands between 2006 and 2007. A total of 10 sipuncula species and 42 specimens
 belonging to 3 families were identified. Four species: Siphonosoma rotumanum, Siphonosoma vastum, Phascolosoma
 (Phascolosoma) scolops, and Aspidosiphon (Paraspidosiphon) laevis are reported for the first time from the Taiwan coast.
 The highest density of sipunculans was found on Mei Yen Don (at Shiuliuchiu, 0.43 ind.m-2) followed by Gui-Wan (at
 Green Island, 0.21 ind.m-2) and Nan-Wan (at Kenting Peninsula, 0.11 ind.m-2). The highest number of species and
 specimens, and the values of diversity- and evenness index were estimated in samples taken from Green Island (Gui-Wan),
 whereas Kenting (Nan-Wan) and Shiuliuchiu (Mei Yen Don) had the lowest values. In the present study, brief descriptions
 of the species, and their distributional, reproductive and ecological characteristics are also given.
Dust and Gas in the disc of HL Tauri: Surface density, dust settling, and dust-to-gas ratio
Creators: name: Pinte, Christophe
name: Dent, William R. F.
name: Menard, Francois
name: Hales, Antonio
name: Hill, Tracey
name: Cortes, Paulo
name: de Gregorio-Monsalvo, Itziar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent ALMA observations of the disc surrounding HL Tau reveal a very complex dust spatial distribution. We present a radiative transfer model accounting for the observed gaps and bright rings as well as radial changes of the emissivity index. We find that the dust density is depleted by at least a factor 10 in the main gaps compared to the surrounding rings. Ring masses range from 10-100 M$_{\oplus}$ in dust, and, we find that each of the deepest gaps is consistent with the removal of up to 40 M$_{\oplus}$ of dust. If this material has accumulated into rocky bodies, these would be close to the point of runaway gas accretion. Our model indicates that the outermost ring is depleted in millimetre grains compared to the central rings. This suggests faster grain growth in the central regions and/or radial migration of the larger grains. The morphology of the gaps observed by ALMA - well separated and showing a high degree of contrast with the bright rings over all azimuths - indicates that the millimetre dust disc is geometrically thin (scale height $\approx$ 1 au at 100 au) and that a large amount of settling of large grains has already occurred. Assuming a standard dust settling model, we find that the observations are consistent with a turbulent viscosity coefficient of a few $10^{-4}$. We estimate the gas/dust ratio in this thin layer to be of the order of 5 if the initial ratio is 100. The HCO$^+$ and CO emission is consistent with gas in Keplerian motion around a 1.7 $M_\odot$ star at radii from $\leq 10 - 120\,$au.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, published in ApJ, same version as before but with slightly extended discussion on temperature and masses to account for literature published since initial submission
Prenatal Tobacco Smoke Exposure and Early Childhood BMI
Creators: name: Poole, Charles
name: Hornung, Richard
name: Khoury, Jane
name: Lanphear, Bruce P.
name: Bernert, John T.
name: Olshan, Andrew F.
name: Braun, Joe M.
name: Barr, Dana B.
name: Daniels, Julie L.
name: Needham, Larry L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with increased risk of childhood overweight body mass index (BMI). Less is known about the association between prenatal secondhand tobacco smoke (SHS) exposure and childhood BMI. We followed 292 mother-child dyads from early pregnancy to 3 years of age. Prenatal tobacco smoke exposure during pregnancy was quantified using self-report and serum cotinine biomarkers. We used linear mixed models to estimate the association between tobacco smoke exposure and BMI at birth, 4 weeks, and 1, 2, and 3 years. During pregnancy, 15% of women reported SHS exposure and 12% reported active smoking, but 51% of women had cotinine levels consistent with SHS exposure and 10% had cotinine concentrations indicative of active smoking. After adjustment for confounders, children born to active smokers had higher BMI at 2 and 3 years of age (self-report or serum cotinine), compared to unexposed children. Children born to women with prenatal serum cotinine concentrations indicative of SHS exposure had higher BMI at 2 (Mean Difference [MD]:0.3; 95% confidence interval [CI]:−0.1, 0.7) and 3 (MD:0.4; [0, 0.8]) years compared to unexposed children. Using self-reported prenatal exposure resulted in non-differential exposure misclassification of SHS exposures that attenuated the association between SHS exposure and BMI compared to serum cotinine concentrations. These findings suggest active and secondhand prenatal tobacco smoke exposure may be related to an important public health problem in childhood and later life. In addition, accurate quantification of prenatal secondhand tobacco smoke exposures is essential to obtaining valid estimates.
Additional file 3 of Effect of the preoperative physical status on postoperative nausea and vomiting risk: a matched cohort study
Creators: name: Kim, Jong Ho
name: Kim, Haewon
name: Yoo, Kookhyun
name: Hwang, Sung Mi
name: Lim, So Young
name: Lee, Jae Jun
name: Kwon, Young Suk
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3: Supporting Information Table 3. Characteristics and perioperative data before and after propensity score matching of ASA-PS 2 and 3 patients who underwent procedures under anesthesia except for local anesthesia in the sensitivity analysis. Values are number (percentages) or median (interquartile ranges). ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; PS, physical status; GY, gynecology; ENT; otorhinolaryngology; NPO, nothing by mouth; OR, operation room; RR, recovery room; ASD, absolute standardised difference.
On the Physical Origin of Galactic Conformity
Creators: name: Hearin, Andrew P.
name: Behroozi, Peter S.
name: Bosch, Frank C. van den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Correlations between the star formation rates (SFRs) of nearby galaxies (so-called galactic conformity) have been observed for projected separations up to 4 Mpc, an effect not predicted by current semi-analytic models. We investigate correlations between the mass accretion rates (dMvir/dt) of nearby halos as a potential physical origin for this effect. We find that pairs of host halos "know about" each others' assembly histories even when their present-day separation is greater than thirty times the virial radius of either halo. These distances are far too large for direct interaction between the halos to explain the correlation in their dMvir/dt. Instead, halo pairs at these distances reside in the same large-scale tidal environment, which regulates dMvir/dt for both halos. Larger halos are less affected by external forces, which naturally gives rise to a mass dependence of the halo conformity signal. SDSS measurements of galactic conformity exhibit a qualitatively similar dependence on stellar mass, including how the signal varies with distance. Based on the expectation that halo accretion and galaxy SFR are correlated, we predict the scale-, mass- and redshift-dependence of large-scale galactic conformity, finding that the signal should drop to undetectable levels by z > 1. These predictions are testable with current surveys to z ~ 1; confirmation would establish a strong correlation between dark matter halo accretion rate and central galaxy SFR.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures, submitted to MNRAS. Figure 3 shows a cartoon illustration of the paper's thesis. Figure 4 presents the main result
Reliability of variables on the North Carolina birth certificate: a comparison with directly queried values from a cohort study
Creators: name: Messer, Lynne C.
name: Laraia, Barbara A.
name: Vinikoor, Lisa C.
name: Kaufman, Jay S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Birth records are an important source of data for examining population-level birth outcomes, but questions about the reliability of these vital records exist. We sought to assess the reliability of birth certificate data by comparing them with data from a large prospective cohort. Pregnancy, Infection, and Nutrition cohort study participants were matched with their birth certificates to assess agreement for maternal demographics, health behaviours, previous pregnancies and major pregnancy events. Agreement among categorical variables was assessed using percentage agreement and kappa statistics; for continuous variables, Spearman’s correlations and concordance correlation coefficients were used.
A Narrow Short-Duration GRB Jet from a Wide Central Engine
Creators: name: Duffell, Paul C.
name: Quataert, Eliot
name: MacFadyen, Andrew I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use two-dimensional relativistic hydrodynamic numerical calculations to show that highly collimated relativistic jets can be produced in neutron star merger models of short-duration gamma ray bursts without the need for a highly directed engine or a large net magnetic flux. Even a hydrodynamic engine generating a very wide sustained outflow on small scales can in principle produce a highly collimated relativistic jet, facilitated by a dense surrounding medium which provides a cocoon surrounding the jet core. An oblate geometry to the surrounding gas significantly enhances the collimation process. Previous numerical simulations have shown that the merger of two neutron stars produces an oblate, expanding cloud of dynamical ejecta. We show that this gas can efficiently collimate the central engine power much as the surrounding star does in long-duration GRB models. For typical short-duration GRB central engine parameters, we find jets with opening angles of order 10 degrees in which a large fraction of the total outflow power of the central engine resides in highly relativistic material. These results predict large differences in the opening angles of outflows from binary neutron star mergers versus neutron star-black hole mergers.