cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Coordinate free integrals in Geometric Calculus
Creators: name: Alho, Timo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a method for evaluating integrals in geometric calculus without introducing coordinates, based on using the fundamental theorem of calculus repeatedly and cutting the resulting manifolds so as to create a boundary and allow for the existence of an antiderivative at each step. The method is a direct generalization of the usual method of integration on function of a real variable. It may lead to both practical applications and help unveil new connections to various fields of mathematics.
description: 20 pages, 1 figure. Add details on orientation of subspaces, and mention a more systematic method
Upper mantle shear wave velocity structure in the southeastern United States from Rayleigh wave tomography
Creators: name: Howell, Dorran K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: We present a model of upper mantle shear wave velocity in the southeastern United
States from Rayleigh Wave tomography that images the proposed Suwannee suture in
southern Georgia. We use data that were recorded by the SESAME (the Southeastern Suture
of the Appalachian Margin Experiment) seismic network and nearby EarthScope
Transportable Array and permanent broadband stations. Preliminary results indicate a
consistent depth to the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary (LAB) across the Suwanee
suture. We identify two zones of anomalously low shear wave velocity: one within the
mantle lithosphere of the Suwannee Terrane that spans depths from the Moho to ~105km and
a second zone beneath the southernmost Appalachians. These low velocities beneath
Suwannee are likely due to the presence of water from subduction-related processes. This is
consistent with Laurentia having been subducted beneath Suwannee Terrane during accretion
(McBride and Nelson, 1988). The LAB depth is ambiguous for low velocity areas beneath
the Appalachians, and further analysis is needed before this structure can be characterized.
Type III superconductivity
Creators: name: Diamantini, M. C.
name: Trugenberger, C. A.
name: Chen, Sheng-Zong
name: Lu, Yu-Jung
name: Liang, Chi-Te
name: Vinokur, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconductivity remains one of most fascinating quantum phenomena existing on a macroscopic scale. Its rich phenomenology is usually described by the Ginzburg-Landau (GL) theory in terms of the order parameter, representing the macroscopic wave function of the superconducting condensate. The GL theory addresses one of the prime superconducting properties, screening of the electromagnetic field because it becomes massive within a superconductor, the famous Anderson-Higgs mechanism. Here we describe another widely-spread type of superconductivity where the Anderson-Higgs mechanism does not work and must be replaced by the Deser-Jackiw-Templeton topological mass generation and, correspondingly, the GL effective field theory must be replaced by an effective topological gauge theory. These superconductors are inherently inhomogeneous granular superconductors, where electronic granularity is either fundamental or emerging. We show that the corresponding superconducting transition is a three-dimensional (3D) generalization of the 2D Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) vortex binding-unbinding transition. The binding-unbinding of the line-like vortices in 3D results in the Vogel-Fulcher-Tamman (VFT) scaling of the resistance near the superconducting transition. We report experimental data fully confirming the VFT behavior of the resistance.
Spontaneous symmetry breaking and masses numerical results in DFR noncommutative space-time
Creators: name: Neves, M. J.
name: Abreu, Everton M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the elements of the Doplicher, Fredenhagen and Roberts (DFR) noncommutative formalism, we have constructed the standard electroweak model. To accomplish this task we have begun with the WM-product basis group of symmetry. We have introduced the spontaneous symmetry breaking and the hypercharge in DFR framework. The electroweak symmetry breaking was analyzed and the masses of the new bosons were computed.
Gilgamesh, Enkidu and the Great Lyre from Ur:  A Literary and Iconographic Study
Creators: name: Sutton, Kathryn
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: In the autumn of 1922, C. Leonard Woolley and his colleagues in the Joint Expedition of the British Museum and the Museum of the University of Pennsylvania to Mesopotamia began excavations at the site of Ur.    Almost immediately they discovered the cemetery, but it was not until 1926 that work began in earnest on what Woolley termed the “Royal Tombs.”  Generally dated to the Early Dynastic Period (circa 3000 - 2340 BCE),  the sixteen graves Woolley called “royal” have now been specifically placed in time to between 2600-2450 BCE (Early Dynastic III)  and have provided a plethora of information about the early stages of socio-political development and burial rituals in Sumerian city-states.   It was during the second of the four seasons in which excavations occurred in the Royal Cemetery precinct (1927-8), that the tomb of an unnamed king came to light, officially designated by the Expedition as PG 789.  The death pit associated with the burial contained many superb examples of grave goods.  Among the archaeological treasures found inside this burial was a bull head lyre, the Great Lyre of Ur.    It is the largest of several lyres found among the artifacts of the various Royal Tombs and unique for its representation of the subject matter on its inlaid front panel. In this paper, it is my intent to perform an iconographic and literary comparative study of the Great Lyre (particularly the bull head protome and shell inlaid panel affixed to the front of the Great Lyre’s soundbox) and the relationship of this iconography to Sumerian literary classics such as The Epic of Gilgamesh.
Knowledge Compilation of Logic Programs Using Approximation Fixpoint Theory
Creators: name: Bogaerts, Bart
name: Broeck, Guy Van den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: To appear in Theory and Practice of Logic Programming (TPLP), Proceedings of ICLP 2015 Recent advances in knowledge compilation introduced techniques to compile \emph{positive} logic programs into propositional logic, essentially exploiting the constructive nature of the least fixpoint computation. This approach has several advantages over existing approaches: it maintains logical equivalence, does not require (expensive) loop-breaking preprocessing or the introduction of auxiliary variables, and significantly outperforms existing algorithms. Unfortunately, this technique is limited to \emph{negation-free} programs. In this paper, we show how to extend it to general logic programs under the well-founded semantics. We develop our work in approximation fixpoint theory, an algebraical framework that unifies semantics of different logics. As such, our algebraical results are also applicable to autoepistemic logic, default logic and abstract dialectical frameworks.
The Harz Mountains (Germany) – Cadomia meets Avalonia and Baltica: U–Pb ages of detrital and magmatic zircon as a key for the decoding of Pangaeaâ€™s central suture
Creators: name: Linnermann, Ulf
name: Zweig, Maren
name: Zieger-Hofmann, Mandy
name: Vietor, Tim
name: Zieger, Johannes
name: Haschke, Jessica
name: Gärtner, Andreas
name: Mende, Katja
name: Krause, Rita
name: Knolle, Friedhart
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3705
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: S1: method description for U–Th–Pb isotope analysis of detrital zircon
Biophysical Characterization of Engineered HIV-1 Immunogen Derived from gp120 and a Lightweight Scaffolding Protein
Creators: name: Faison, Edgar
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: An effective vaccine for the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) has been a global health priority fordecades. The HIV-1 surface protein Env is the sole envelope protein on the surface of the virus, presenting anumber of obstacles such as a carbohydrate coat on the surface of the protein and high variability in numerousregions of the protein thereby rendering many traditional vaccine strategies ineffective. Here, a strategy to exploitthe variability in glycosylation among a limited number of non-essential yet conserved sites of Env has yieldeda hybrid protein consisting of an epitope from Env and a light-weight, thermally stable scaffold protein that mayfunction as an immunogen for HIV. The biophysical characterization of this engineered protein was attemptedcomputationally via molecular dynamics simulations and experimentally via circular dichroism and x-ray crystallographyto confirm the computational model and to evaluate the in vitro structure of the protein as well as thefidelity of the epitope.
Assessment of Anisotropic Mechanical Response of Human Skin: Insights from Clinical Trials Utilizing CutiScan® CS 100 Device
Creators: name: Elouneg, Aflah
name: Bordas, Stephane
name: Lejeune, Arnaud
name: Jacquet, Emmanuelle
name: Chambert, Jérôme
name: Rolin, Gwenaël
name: Chatelain, Brice
name: Lihoreau, Thomas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 420701
subject: Biomechanics

description: The paper associated with the shared data presents findings from a clinical trial aimed at assessing the anisotropic mechanical response of human skin, employing a novel methodology and a commercial device, Cutiscan® CS 100. A cohort of 30 subjects participated in the trial, undergoing in vivo testing on the left forearm through a multi-axial stretch induced by ring suction. The anisotropy axis calibration was conducted using the MARSAC method, recently validated in the literature, based on model fit on experimental data from oriented elliptic curves resulting from radial deformation of circles. The study evaluates the reproducibility and variability of measurements through an intra-subject study involving five participants, providing insights into the consistency of results within individuals. Additionally, an inter-subject analysis across all subjects offers a comprehensive understanding of anisotropy variability, elucidating broader population trends. Furthermore, the study explores correlations between anisotropy and demographic factors such as sex, age, and skin thickness, shedding light on potential influences on skin biomechanics.
Parity-time symmetry-breaking mechanism of dynamic Mott transitions in dissipative systems
Creators: name: Tripathi, Vikram
name: Galda, Alexey
name: Barman, Himadri
name: Vinokur, Valerii M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the critical behavior of electric field-driven (dynamic) Mott insulator-to-metal transitions in dissipative Fermi and Bose systems in terms of non-Hermitian Hamiltonians invariant under simultaneous parity (P) and time-reversal (T) operations. The dynamic Mott transition is identified as a PT symmetry-breaking phase transition, with the Mott insulating state corresponding to the regime of unbroken PT symmetry with a real energy spectrum. We establish that the imaginary part of the Hamiltonian arises from the combined effects of the driving field and inherent dissipation. We derive the renormalization and collapse of the Mott gap at the dielectric breakdown and describe the resulting critical behavior of transport characteristics. The obtained critical exponent is in an excellent agreement with experimental findings.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, revtex4
Parent Identification of Stress Cues in NICU Infants: A Pilot Study
Creators: name: Hamilton, Virginia
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Aim: To help first time NICU mothers identify signs of stress in their infants and evaluate the impact of this education on the mother’s confidence and engagement in caring for their babies. Background: Given the immaturity of their body systems, premature infants are particularly susceptible to the harmful effects of the stress response. It is therefore common practice in neonatal intensive care units (NICU) to minimize painful and stressful experiences through interventions such as clustered care, swaddling, non-nutritive sucking, and skin-to-skin contact. Despite the frequent discussion of stress and its consequences, many NICU parents are unsure of how to tell when their child is stressed and how to help them. To empower parents to engage in infant care confidently and promote appropriate parent-infant bonding, it is important to equip them with the knowledge to feel comfortable and safe when interacting with their babies.Method: This was a pilot feasibility study with quasi-experimental design using a single group posttest (n=6). Results were analyzed quantitatively for response means and qualitatively for themes.Findings: After the intervention, 100% of the mothers felt that they could be more involved in their child’s care than before, and 83% of mothers felt as though they could better identify signs of stress in their babies. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that this type of intervention is feasible to implement in a NICU setting and is likely to be beneficial for parents as they learn to care for their children.
Online-Experiment: Implizite vs. explizite Einstellung gegenüber Ausländerinnen und Ausländern
Creators: name: Nyffeler, Andrea
name: Arifi, Isabelle
name: Marillo, Olga
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: Online-Replikation des dritten Experiments der Studie von Greenwald et al. (1998)
Automated Documentation of Research Processes Using RDM
Creators: name: Griem, Lars
name: Selzer, Michael
name: Thelen, Richard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Research Data Management
Kadi4Mat
KadiStudio
Process Documentation
NFDI4Ing
Joint Lab MDMC
KNMFi
CoRDI

description: Published research results usually represent only a fraction of the data generated at a research institute. The unpublished data created in the process of producing the final result, however, often contain valuable information that can be reused. Through research data management, all these data should be stored centrally according to the FAIR principles (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable). However, a significant part of knowledge is often not found in the data, but in the processes that led to their generation. It is therefore important to map these processes to archive and document this knowledge in a structured way. Procedures for documenting scientific processes already exist and are actively used at research institutes. However, these are often analogue or paper-based and hence do not meet the requirements for FAIR data management. At the Institute for Microstructure Technology of the KIT, such a paper-based procedure is used to document the production of microstructure components. During their manufacturing, it is essential to adhere to the correct process parameters in order to enable error-free production. Therefore, a so-called job ticket always accompanies the production of components. On this job ticket, the correct process sequence is listed and a detailed description of the respective process step is given. Depending on the component to be produced, a distinction is made between different types of job tickets according to internal conventions. On the one hand, there are so-called green job tickets, which describe a standardised process sequence, and on the other hand, blue job tickets, which are intended to document experimental manufacturing processes. The process sequence on the blue job tickets is initially empty and is filled in during the manufacturing process. Common to both types of job tickets is that they are stored in the institute's archive after completion of the component production. However, since the job tickets are paper-based, the corresponding archive of job tickets cannot be searched quickly and, given the sheer volume of archived job tickets, represents an unmanageable collection of data. The existing system for process documentation is therefore to be implemented with the help of the research data infrastructure Kadi4Mat in accordance with FAIR principles, thereby making the available process knowledge more accessible.
Detecting phase transitions in collective behavior using manifold's curvature
Creators: name: Gajamannage, Kelum
name: Bollt, Erik M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 57M60 (Primary), 37E99, 57N35 (Secondary)

description: If a given behavior of a multi-agent system restricts the phase variable to a invariant manifold, then we define a phase transition as change of physical characteristics such as speed, coordination, and structure. We define such a phase transition as splitting an underlying manifold into two sub-manifolds with distinct dimensionalities around the singularity where the phase transition physically exists. Here, we propose a method of detecting phase transitions and splitting the manifold into phase transitions free sub-manifolds. Therein, we utilize a relationship between curvature and singular value ratio of points sampled in a curve, and then extend the assertion into higher-dimensions using the shape operator. Then we attest that the same phase transition can also be approximated by singular value ratios computed locally over the data in a neighborhood on the manifold. We validate the phase transitions detection method using one particle simulation and three real world examples.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures, accepted in Journal of Mathematical Bioscience and Engineering
William Blake: A Critical Essay - Swinburne on Whitman and Blake
Creators: name: Robinson, Amanda
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: On December 15th, 1863, an exceptional man lay buried in Bunhill Fields, Finsbury,
London. He had been dead for roughly 36 years. In his lifetime, he made invaluable
contributions to visual art, the craft of engraving, and the corpus of English literature. His
personal style was not congruent with the popular styles of his time; he pioneered new
methods of engraving, adopted an artistic style unlike the prevailing aesthetics of his era,
and composed works shrouded in opacity. He was a champion of individual freedom in a
time and place operating within a monarchy, a man “born and baptized into the church of
rebels.” He was a poet-prophet overtaken by visions and ideas about how the universe
operates. Despite his current position as a cornerstone of the Romantic canon, despite his
artistic and literary genius, relatively few recognized this man’s groundbreaking work
while he was living. Decades after his death, that was to change.
Mass-loss rate by the Mira in the symbiotic binary V1016 Cygni from Raman scattering
Creators: name: Sekeráš, Matej
name: Skopal, Augustin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mass-loss rate from Mira variables represents a key parameter in our understanding of their evolutionary tracks. We introduce a method for determining the mass-loss rate from the Mira component in D-type symbiotic binaries via the Raman scattering of atomic hydrogen in the wind from the giant. Using our method, we investigated Raman HeII 1025Å --> 6545Å conversion in the spectrum of the symbiotic Mira V1016 Cyg. We determined its efficiency to be 0.102 and 0.148, and the corresponding mass-loss rate 2.0 (+0.1/-0.2) x 1E-6 and 2.7 (+0.2/-0.1) x 1E-6 M(Sun)/year, using our spectra from 2006 April and 2007 July,respectively. Our values of the mass-loss rate that we derived from Raman scattering are comparable with those obtained independently by other methods. Applying the method to other Mira-white dwarf binary systems can provide a necessary constraint in the calculation of asymptotic giant branch evolution.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables
Astrometry of Exoplanets Using Optical Interferometry: Insights from the GRAVITY Instrument
Creators: name: Lacour, Sylvestre
name: ExoGRAVITY Team
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Exoplanetology
subject: Astrometry

description: In March 2019, the GRAVITY collaboration unveiled the first spectrum and astrometry of an exoplanet achieved through optical interferometry. Four years on, we reflect on how this technique has changed our view of imaged exoplanets, offering enhanced astrometry (typically by several tens of milliarcseconds) and superior spectra compared to those obtained with single telescopes. But to what extent has this transformation occurred? What levels of precision can we now achieve, and what are the implications? In this talk, I will detail the method that facilitated these high-contrast observations and weigh its pros and cons. Furthermore, I will highlight some of the key results to date and explore the future prospects of this technique.
Reducing the Risk of Diabetes: The Role of Self-Efficacy in a Mindfulness-based Intervention
Creators: name: Rich, Sarah Emily
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Diabetes has reached epidemic proportions in the United States. Pre-diabetes, blood glucose
levels higher than normal but less than diagnostic for diabetes, is also on the rise. African
Americans are disproportionately impacted by diabetes, pre-diabetes, and disease complications.
Lifestyle modifications can reduce the risk or delay the onset of diabetes; however, behavior
change is a complex, challenging, and stressful process. The current study examines the impact
of mindfulness on self-efficacy and health behavior changes related to diabetes risk reduction.
Methods: Pre-diabetic African Americans, 25-65 years of age, and experiencing significant life
stress were randomized into either a conventional diabetes prevention education program
(CDPEP) group or a mindfulness-based diabetes prevention education program (MPDEP) group.
Each group met weekly for eight weeks and then each month for six monthly booster sessions.
At weeks one and eight, participants were surveyed on their current self-efficacy, or confidence
to make change, in diabetes risk reduction behaviors. We hypothesize that the mindfulness
group will achieve greater self-efficacy, which is associated with improved health behaviors.
Additionally, we believe baseline self-efficacy will predict post-intervention eating habits and
physical activity (EHPA) outcomes.
Results and Discussion: Findings do not support a significant difference in self-efficacy
between groups and self-efficacy was not a statistically significant predictor of post-intervention
EHPA outcomes. However, there were trends in the MDPEP group regarding self-efficacy and
BMI, overeating less often, and eating fatty foods less often. Study limitations include a small
sample size, especially in the control group, and attrition. Future research should aim for a larger
sample size and further investigate the improvement in self-efficacy and mindfulness with regard
to the following outcome variables: BMI, overeating, and eating fatty foods less often.
Directed Autonomous Motion and Chiral Separation of Self-Propelled Janus Particles in Convection Roll Arrays
Creators: name: Bag, Poulami
name: Nayak, Shubhadip
name: Debnath, Tanwi
name: Ghosh, Pulak K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Self-propelled Janus particles exhibit autonomous motion thanks to engines of their own. However, due to randomly changing direction of such motion they are of little use for emerging nano-technological and bio-medical applications. Here, we numerically show that the motion of chiral active Janus can be directed subjecting them to a linear array of convection rolls. Rectification power of self-propulsion motion here can be made more than 60% which is much larger than earlier reports. We show that rectification of chiral Janus particle's motion leads to conspicuous segregation of dextrogyre and levogyre active particles from a racemic binary mixture. Further, we demonstrate how efficiently the rectification effect can be exploited to separate dextrogyre and levogyre particles when their intrinsic torques are distributed with Gaussian statistics.
title: Microplastics in organic waste-derived materials: quantification, and assessment of associated bacterial community and its antimicrobial resistance
Creators: name: Rimmaudo, Alessandro
Publisher: name: Edinburgh Napier University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/03zjvnn91
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: This study aimed to quantify and characterise microplastics in organic-rich waste materials: biosolids, compost, and anaerobic digestates, and investigate their associated bacterial community and potential role in the spreading of AMR. A cost-effective method based on organic matter oxidation, differential flotation, and vacuum filtration was developed to isolate microplastics from these matrices and were quantified and characterised via microscopy. The results showed that all analysed waste samples contained elevated concentrations of microplastics, with concentrations ranging from 34 to 160 particles per gram of dry weight. Fibres were found to be the most abundant morphology, representing 48-71% of the microplastics, followed by fragments, beads, and other types. The study also detected > 20,000 particles g-1 d.w. of cotton fibres in biosolids. To investigate the potential role of microplastics as microbial niches and vectors of antibiotic-resistance, biofilms associated with polyester fibres, polyethylene beads, and cotton fibres after seven days of incubation in a biosolid liquid culture were examined in the presence and absence of the antibiotics tetracycline or sulfamethoxazole. The bacterial community growing on particles, investigated using metataxonomic, showed significant differences between fibre and bead types, with antibiotics having a stronger effect on the bacterial community composition of beads. The ARGs tetA, sul1 and MGE intl1 quantified using qPCR, were found to be more abundant on fibres than beads, but antibiotic addition had limited effects on ARG abundance. The relative abundance of ARGs expressed as a proportion of that of the 16S rRNA gene was similar across all biofilms and was not significantly affected by antibiotic addition. The study showed that biosolids are heavily contaminated with microplastics and carry bacterial community and AMR bacteria, representing a major source of microplastic pollution in agricultural land and that microplastics, especially fibres, as well as cotton fibres, may act as potential vectors for the spread of antibiotic-resistance in the environment and food chain.
Modified TOV in gravity's rainbow: properties of neutron stars and dynamical stability conditions
Creators: name: Hendi, S. H.
name: Bordbar, G. H.
name: Panah, B. Eslam
name: Panahiyan, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we consider a spherical symmetric metric to extract the hydrostatic equilibrium equation of stars in $(3+1)-$dimensional gravity's rainbow in the presence of cosmological constant. Then, we generalize the hydrostatic equilibrium equation to $d$-dimensions and obtain the hydrostatic equilibrium equation for this gravity. Also, we obtain the maximum mass of neutron star using the modern equations of state of neutron star matter derived from the microscopic calculations. It is notable that, in this paper, we consider the effects of rainbow functions on the diagrams related to the mass-central mass density ($M$-$ρ_{c}$) relation and also the mass-radius ($M$-$R$) relation of neutron star. We also study the effects of rainbow functions on the other properties of neutron star such as the Schwarzschild radius, average density, strength of gravity and gravitational redshift. Then, we apply the cosmological constant to this theory to obtain the diagrams of $M$-$ρ_{c}$ (or $M$-$R$) and other properties of these stars. Next, we investigate the dynamical stability condition for these stars in gravity's rainbow and show that these stars have dynamical stability. We also obtain a relation between mass of neutron stars and Planck mass. In addition, we compare obtained results of this theory with the observational data.
description: 22 pages, 8 tables, 15 figures
Awareness of cervical cancer screening test (PAP smear) among women attending maternal and gynecology health services and women employees of a tertiary care centre
Creators: name: T Govardhan
name: C R Sirajunnisa Begum
name: Jyoti Brahmaiah
name: Amulya T
name: Satyanarayana Rentala
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Objective: To explore perceptions of women in the Chittoor district regarding the PAP smear as a cervical cancer screening test.

Materials and methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 2141 in OPD patients of obstetrics and gynecology department, healthcare workers working in institute of AIMSR and Government hospital, Chittoor district, Andhra Pradesh in study duration of six months. All categorical data were presented as numbers and percentages.

Results: Among the total study population (2141), 59.8% had not known about cervical cancer screening test. 22.5% of the study population is familiar about pap smear through health care workers. 68.6% of the population did not know about the importance of pap smears. Among the total population astonishingly 94.2% are interested in knowing about PAP smear which is a cervical cancer screening test.

Conclusions: Our research indicates that the populace of the Chittoor district has an unacceptable level of knowledge and attitude about PAP smears. The importance of screening tests in detecting cervical cancer early, when it is still curable, must thus be properly communicated.
X-Ray Polarimetry with the Polarization Spectroscopic Telescope Array (PolSTAR)
Creators: name: Krawczynski, Henric S.
name: Stern, Daniel
name: Harrison, Fiona A.
name: Kislat, Fabian F.
name: Zajczyk, Anna
name: Beilicke, Matthias
name: Hoormann, Janie
name: Guo, Qingzhen
name: Endsley, Ryan
name: Ingram, Adam R.
name: Miyasaka, Hiromasa
name: Madsen, Kristin K.
name: Aaron, Kim M.
name: Aminia, Rashied
name: Baring, Matthew G.
name: Beheshtipour, Banafsheh
name: Bodaghee, Arash
name: Booth, Jeffrey
name: Borden, Chester
name: Boettcher, Markus
name: Christensen, Finn E.
name: Coppi, Paolo S.
name: Cowsik, Ramanath
name: Davis, Shane
name: Dexter, Jason
name: Done, Chris
name: Dominguez, Luis A.
name: Ellison, Don
name: English, Robin J.
name: Fabian, Andrew C.
name: Falcone, Abe
name: Favretto, Jeffrey A.
name: Fernandez, Rodrigo
name: Giommi, Paolo
name: Grefenstette, Brian W.
name: Kara, Erin
name: Lee, Chung H.
name: Lyutikov, Maxim
name: Maccarone, Thomas
name: Matsumoto, Hironori
name: McKinney, Jonathan
name: Mihara, Tatehiro
name: Miller, Jon M.
name: Narayan, Ramesh
name: Natalucci, Lorenzo
name: Oezel, Feryal
name: Pivovaroff, Michael J.
name: Pravdo, Steven
name: Psaltis, Dimitrios
name: Okajima, Takashi
name: Toma, Kenji
name: Zhang, William W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper describes the Polarization Spectroscopic Telescope Array (PolSTAR), a mission proposed to NASA's 2014 Small Explorer (SMEX) announcement of opportunity. PolSTAR measures the linear polarization of 3-50 keV (requirement; goal: 2.5-70 keV) X-rays probing the behavior of matter, radiation and the very fabric of spacetime under the extreme conditions close to the event horizons of black holes, as well as in and around magnetars and neutron stars. The PolSTAR design is based on the technology developed for the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) mission launched in June 2012. In particular, it uses the same X-ray optics, extendable telescope boom, optical bench, and CdZnTe detectors as NuSTAR. The mission has the sensitivity to measure ~1% linear polarization fractions for X-ray sources with fluxes down to ~5 mCrab. This paper describes the PolSTAR design as well as the science drivers and the potential science return.
description: (Astroparticle Physics in press, 34 pages, 23 figures, 6 tables)
Illiberalism in the European Union: Establishment Approaches to a Democratic Crisis
Creators: name: Tiller, Rain
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: In recent years, there has been a crisis in global democracy. The rise of
nationalist, far-right parties and governments have swept Europe into a new tide of
illiberalism. In Western Europe, the drift towards the nationalist right has taken shape in
the success and notoriety of politicians like Marine Le Pen in France and Geert Wilders
in the Netherlands. Even the United Kingdom’s exit from the European Union indicates
the far-reaching trend of conservative nationalism. In Eastern Europe, a number of the
formerly communist Member States have become hotbeds of illiberalism within the
European Union, where illiberal parties and policies are deeply integrated into state
structures.
The illiberal grip on Eastern European Member States creates political friction in
the dynamics between the EU and its Members. The European Union has been lauded for
its effective spread of liberal democracy and its inclusion of civil protections and liberal
principles in its laws. However, the illiberalism sweeping through Europe presents an
existential question about the European Union’s authority and ability to maintain liberal
democracy within its borders.
This paper will explore the European Union’s attempts to influence and penalize
its Member States’ illiberal policies. What post-accession leverage mechanisms does the
European Union employ with Member States to attempt to correct illiberal behavior? The
post-accession leverage mechanisms refer to both the formal and informal pressures,
including the punitive infringement procedure and implicit economic pressures. Once the
European Union engages in corrective measures with a Member State, what domestic and
European factors limit the European Union’s ability to contain illiberalism? The issues of
Member States’ quality of democracy within the European Union and the European
Union’s ability to maintain liberal democracy are significant for understanding current
and future European Union internal relations.
Onlineexperiment: Analogical inference: The role of awareness in abstract learning
Creators: name: Krammel, Werner
name: Gschwend, Beatrice
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: abstract learning
subject: analogical inference
subject: awareness
subject: Fernuni Schweiz
subject: Universitäre Fernstudien Schweiz

description: This project is part of module M4 (HS19) of the Swiss Distance University Institute. The aim of this project is to implement the experiment "Analogical inference: The role of awareness in abstract learning" by William L. Gross and Anthony J. Greene as an online experiment. Deutsche Version / german version: Dieses Projekt ist Bestandteil des Moduls M4 (HS19) der Universitären Fernstudien Schweiz. Ziel dieses Projektes ist es, das Experiment "Analogical inference: The role of awareness in abstract learning" von William L. Gross and Anthony J. Greene als Online-Experiment zu implementieren.
Dynamic steady-state of periodically-driven quantum systems
Creators: name: Yudin, V. I.
name: Taichenachev, A. V.
name: Basalaev, M. Yu.
name: Kovalenko, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the density matrix formalism, we prove an existence theorem of the periodic steady-state for an arbitrary periodically-driven system. This state has the same period as the modulated external influence, and it is realized as an asymptotic solution ($t$$\to$$+\infty$) due to relaxation processes. The presented derivation simultaneously contains a simple computational algorithm non-using both Floquet and Fourier theories, i.e. our method automatically guarantees a full account of all frequency components. The description is accompanied by the examples demonstrating a simplicity and high efficiency of our method. In particular, for three-level $Λ$-system we calculate the lineshape and field-induced shift of the dark resonance formed by the field with periodically modulated phase. For two-level atom we obtain the analytical expressions for signal of the direct frequency comb spectroscopy with rectangular light pulses. In this case it was shown the radical dependence of the spectroscopy lineshape on pulse area. Moreover, the existence of quasi-forbidden spectroscopic zones, in which the Ramsey fringes are significantly reduced, is found. The obtained results have a wide area of applications in the laser physics and spectroscopy, and they can stimulate the search of new excitation schemes for atomic clock. Also our results can be useful for many-body physics.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Operation COVID - Best operating room practice in COVID-19
Creators: name: Beamish, Andrew
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medical Sciences
subject: Diseases
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Medical Specialties
subject: Surgery

description: Summary Background: Guidance on surgical practice in the presence of suspected or proven coronavirus infection is lacking. A rapid systematic review of the literature will be conducted, but an initial scoping search confirms an anticipated paucity of relevant literature. It is therefore necessary to combine this with a novel approach to identifying and collating global practice and evidence and achieving early consensus on appropriate operating room (OR) practice in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Standard methodology (PRISMA) rapid systematic review of operating room practices and guidance in relation to COVID-19. Development and employment of novel methodology – Rapid Iterative Collaborative Evaluation (RICE). This involves the use of social media to bring together as many stakeholders as possible to engage in the four phases of RICE: Phase 1 – Collate questions. What questions do stakeholders need the answers to? Phase 2 – Answer questions. Using the literature, including scientific principles and borrowing from similar fields; also seeking answers from the stakeholders themselves. Phase 3 – Initial consensus. Rapid modified Delphi process to determine which questions reach consensus to influence practice and, importantly, identifying those which are not answered to consensus. This identifies the relevant unanswered research questions for future work to address important gaps in knowledge. The statements will also be mapped to existing guidance documents to validate their content using international global experts. Phase 4 – Iterative development. The project remains open to iterative evidence collation as the field rapidly evolves.
The Roles of the Subicula of the Hippocampus in Producing Heroin-Induced Conditioned Immunosuppression to a Context
Creators: name: Wangler, Lynde
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Infection vulnerability in persons with substance abuse disorders may be partially mediated by a conditioned immune response. Previous work in our laboratory has investigated numerous aspects of conditioned immune functioning in order to characterize the required neural circuitry in rats. In this study, we are interested in the neuronal outputs from the dorsal and ventral subicula of the hippocampus, areas of the hippocampus that are known to interact with regions, such as surrounding cortex and limbic aspect of the basal ganglia, that are critical for context encoding in other paradigms of drug behaviors. Currently, it is not known if these areas are involved in producing a conditioned immune response to a context. To investigate possible functions of the proposed circuit, we employed a paradigm in which male Lewis rats were conditioned to associate heroin (an immunosuppressant) with a specific context, a behavior chamber, over five, 60-minute sessions. Previous work has shown that, after conditioning in this manner, subsequent exposure to the context without an injection of heroin is sufficient to produce immunosuppression. We used Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs (DREADDs), a chemo-genetic tool, to inhibit the function of dorsal (Experiment 1) and ventral (Experiment 2) subicula of the hippocampus before this re-exposure. The rats were injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, an immune challenge) immediately after the 60-minute re-exposure session and sacrificed six hours later. Measures of the immune component nitric oxide were assessed using nitrate assay and quantitative-PCR. Nitrate assay was used to analyze levels of nitrate/nitrite, a product of nitric oxide degradation in blood plasma samples. Quantitative-PCR assay for the presence of iNOS (an active player in iNOS production) was conducted on spleen tissue. The data support the notion that the dorsal, but not the ventral, subiculum is important for expression of conditioned immunosuppression to a context.
Age, Size, and Ownership: Firm Growth in India from 1995-2005
Creators: name: Shukla, Sagar
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: This paper examines the impact of age, size, and ownership structure of Indian firms on
the transition to different size distributions from 1995 to 2005, in addition to the impact on 10-year growth rate of sales. Over this period, the size distributions of small and medium firms widen while large firms tend to shrink. New entrants have a high
likelihood of becoming large and could be taking market share away from existing firms.
Foreign and business group ownership significantly increase the likelihood of becoming
larger, have a positive impact on the growth rate, and increase likelihood of exit for small and medium firms. Government ownership does not have a significant impact on size
transition or growth rates, except for new entrants.
Discontinuites of BFKL amplitudes and the BDS ansatz
Creators: name: Fadin, V. S.
name: Fiore, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform an examination of discontinuities of multiple production amplitudes, which are required for further development of the BFKL approach. It turns out that the discontinuities of 2 $\to$ 2 + n amplitudes obtained in the BFKL approach contradict to the BDS ansatz for amplitudes with maximal helicity violation in N = 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory with large number of colours starting with n = 2. Explicit expressions for the discontinuities of the 2 $\to$ 3 and 2 $\to$ 4 amplitudes in the invariant mass of pairs of produced gluons are obtained in the planar N=4 SYM in the next-to-leading logarithmic approximation. These expressions can be used for checking the conjectured duality between the light-like Wilson loops and the MHV amplitudes.
description: 26 pages
QED description of Raman scattering from molecules in plasmonic cavities
Creators: name: Schmidt, Mikolaj K.
name: Esteban, Ruben
name: Gonzalez-Tudela, Alejandro
name: Giedke, Geza
name: Aizpurua, Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Plasmon-enhanced Raman scattering can push single-molecule vibrational spectroscopy beyond a regime addressable by classical electrodynamics. We employ a quantum electrodynamics (QED) description of the coherent interaction of plasmons and molecular vibrations that reveal the emergence of nonlinearities in the inelastic response of the system. For realistic situations, we predict the onset of \textit{phonon-stimulated Raman scattering} and an counter-intuitive dependence of the anti-Stokes emission on the frequency of excitation. We further show that this novel QED framework opens a venue to analyze the correlations of photons emitted at a plasmonic cavity
description: We add the discussion of the quantum noise treatment to the main text, correct equations in the SI and amend the discussion of the processes yield strong Stokes/anti-Stokes correlations
On lower bounds of the order of $k$-chromatic unit distance graphs
Creators: name: de Grey, Aubrey D. N. J.
name: Parts, Jaan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Here we give refined numerical values for the minimum number of vertices of $k$-chromatic unit distance graphs in the Euclidean plane.
Know Yourself: Effects of Interoception and Emotion Conceptualization on Anxiety
Creators: name: Scruggs, Jared
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Anxiety is a major cause of distress for many Americans. Much could be gained from understanding the fundamental processes that cause this maladaptive state. According to a psychological constructionist perspective, anxiety may arise when people perceive and make meaning of their internal physical sensations as an instance of threat. As part of a separate experiment involving stress induction, we collected self-report data intended to measure interoceptive sensibility, emotion conceptualization and differentiation, and anxiety. Participants completed the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) in order to induce higher physiological arousal and state anxiety. I hypothesized that interoceptive sensibility, emotion conceptualization, and emotion differentiation would serve as a buffer against anxiety resulting from the TSST. I argued, however, that after a certain point the relationship between interoceptive sensibility and anxiety would shift to positive, demonstrating a curvilinear relationship between interoceptive sensibility and anxiety. A negative relationship was found between interoceptive sensibility and trait anxiety. Alexithymia, measured as lack of emotion conceptualization, was positively correlated with trait anxiety. These findings both add to and challenge the current literature on contributing and mitigating factors underlying anxiety.