cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A queueing system with batch renewal input and negative arrivals
Creators: name: Gupta, U. C.
name: Kumar, Nitin
name: Barbhuiya, F. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper studies an infinite buffer single server queueing model with exponentially distributed service times and negative arrivals. The ordinary (positive) customers arrive in batches of random size according to renewal arrival process, and joins the queue/server for service. The negative arrivals are characterized by two independent Poisson arrival processes, a negative customer which removes the positive customer undergoing service, if any, and a disaster which makes the system empty by simultaneously removing all the positive customers present in the system. Using the supplementary variable technique and difference equation method we obtain explicit formulae for the steady-state distribution of the number of positive customers in the system at pre-arrival and arbitrary epochs. Moreover, we discuss the results of some special models with or without negative arrivals along with their stability conditions. The results obtained throughout the analysis are computationally tractable as illustrated by few numerical examples. Furthermore, we discuss the impact of the negative arrivals on the performance of the system by means of some graphical representations.
description: 12 pages, 5 Figures, conference
Cohesive properties of noble metals by van der Waals-corrected Density Functional Theory
Creators: name: Ambrosetti, Alberto
name: Silvestrelli, Pier Luigi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cohesive energy, equilibrium lattice constant, and bulk modulus of noble metals are computed by different van der Waals-corrected Density Functional Theory methods, including vdW-DF, vdW-DF2, vdW-DF-cx, rVV10 and PBE-D. Two specifically-designed methods are also developed in order to effectively include dynamical screening effects: the DFT/vdW-WF2p method, based on the generation of Maximally Localized Wannier Functions, and the RPAp scheme (in two variants), based on a single-oscillator model of the localized electron response. Comparison with results obtained without explicit inclusion of van der Waals effects, such as with the LDA, PBE, PBEsol, or the hybrid PBE0 functional, elucidates the importance of a suitable description of screened van der Waals interactions even in the case of strong metal bonding. Many-body effects are also quantitatively evaluated within the RPAp approach.
description: 3 figures
Dummy - Do Not use
Creators: name: Abbas, Mohamed
name: Shoukry, Amin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 460308
subject: Pattern recognition

description: A novel clustering algorithm CSHARP is presented for the purpose of finding clusters of arbitrary shapes and arbitrary densities in high dimensional feature spaces. It can be considered as a variation of the Shared Nearest Neighbor algorithm (SNN), in which each sample data point votes for the points in its k-nearest neighborhood. Sets of points sharing a common mutual nearest neighbor are considered as dense regions/ blocks. These blocks are the seeds from which clusters may grow up. Therefore, CSHARP is not a point-to-point clustering algorithm. Rather, it is a block-to-block clustering technique. Much of its advantages come from these facts: Noise points and outliers correspond to blocks of small sizes, and homogeneous blocks highly overlap. The proposed technique is less likely to merge clusters of different densities or different homogeneity. The algorithm has been applied to a variety of low and high dimensional data sets with superior results over existing techniques such as DBScan, K-means, Chameleon, Mitosis and Spectral Clustering. The quality of its results as well as its time complexity, rank it at the front of these techniques.
Deformation equivariant cross-modality image synthesis with paired non-aligned training data
Creators: name: Honkamaa, Joel
name: Khan, Umair
name: Koivukoski, Sonja
name: Valkonen, Mira
name: Latonen, Leena
name: Ruusuvuori, Pekka
name: Marttinen, Pekka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Cross-modality image synthesis is an active research topic with multiple medical clinically relevant applications. Recently, methods allowing training with paired but misaligned data have started to emerge. However, no robust and well-performing methods applicable to a wide range of real world data sets exist. In this work, we propose a generic solution to the problem of cross-modality image synthesis with paired but non-aligned data by introducing new deformation equivariance encouraging loss functions. The method consists of joint training of an image synthesis network together with separate registration networks and allows adversarial training conditioned on the input even with misaligned data. The work lowers the bar for new clinical applications by allowing effortless training of cross-modality image synthesis networks for more difficult data sets.
Strongly localized semiclassical states for nonlinear Dirac equations
Creators: name: Bartsch, Thomas
name: Xu, Tian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q40, 49J35

description: We study semiclassical states of the nonlinear Dirac equation \[ -i\hbar\partial_tψ= ic\hbar\sum_{k=1}^3α_k\partial_kψ- mc^2βψ- M(x)ψ+ f(|ψ|)ψ,\quad t\in\mathbb{R},\ x\in\mathbb{R}^3, \] where $V$ is a bounded continuous potential function and the nonlinear term $f(|ψ|)ψ$ is superlinear, possibly of critical growth. Our main result deals with standing wave solutions that concentrate near a critical point of the potential. Standard methods applicable to nonlinear Schrödinger equations, like Lyapunov-Schmidt reduction or penalization, do not work, not even for the homogeneous nonlinearity $f(s)=s^p$. We develop a variational method for the strongly indefinite functional associated to the problem.
Trichopria nana Nixon 1980
Creators: name: Notton, David G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Mymaridae
Trichopria
Trichopria nana

description: Trichopria nana Nixon, 1980: 36.
Valid name
Trichopria paludicola Notton, 1995.
Summary of types
Holotype ♀, BMNH number 9.830, by original designation.
Primary type data
Cambs:/ Wicken Fen/ 10.ix.1934 / H.St.J.Donisthorpe; Trichopria / nana Nixon / type ♀, 197.
Type locality
England, Cambridgeshire, Wicken Fen.
Remarks
The holotype is mounted on a card point and is entire.
description: Published as part of Notton, David G., 2014, A catalogue of the types of Diapriinae (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae) at the Natural History Museum, London, pp. 1-123 in European Journal of Taxonomy 75 on page 102, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2014.75, http://zenodo.org/record/3862773
Relative left Bongartz completions and their compatibility with mutations
Creators: name: Cao, Peigen
name: Wang, Yu
name: Zhang, Houjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we introduce relative left Bongartz completions for a given basic $τ$-rigid pair $(U,Q)$ in the module category of a finite dimensional algebra $A$. They give a family of basic $τ$-tilting pairs containing $(U,Q)$ as a direct summand. We prove that relative left Bongartz completions have nice compatibility with mutations. Using this compatibility we are able to study the existence of maximal green sequences under $τ$-tilting reduction. We also explain our construction and some of the results in the setting of silting theory.
description: 22 pages
Clustering Using Shared Reference Points Algorithm Based On a Sound Data Model
Creators: name: Abbas, Mohamed
name: Shoukry, Amin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 460308
subject: Pattern recognition

description: A novel clustering algorithm CSHARP is presented for the purpose of finding clusters of arbitrary shapes and arbitrary densities in high dimensional feature spaces. It can be considered as a variation of the Shared Nearest Neighbor algorithm (SNN), in which each sample data point votes for the points in its k-nearest neighborhood. Sets of points sharing a common mutual nearest neighbor are considered as dense regions/ blocks. These blocks are the seeds from which clusters may grow up. Therefore, CSHARP is not a point-to-point clustering algorithm. Rather, it is a block-to-block clustering technique. Much of its advantages come from these facts: Noise points and outliers correspond to blocks of small sizes, and homogeneous blocks highly overlap. The proposed technique is less likely to merge clusters of different densities or different homogeneity. The algorithm has been applied to a variety of low and high dimensional data sets with superior results over existing techniques such as DBScan, K-means, Chameleon, Mitosis and Spectral Clustering. The quality of its results as well as its time complexity, rank it at the front of these techniques.
A chaotic long-lived vortex at Venus southern pole
Creators: name: Garate-Lopez, I.
name: Hueso, R.
name: Sánchez-Lavega, A.
name: Peralta, J.
name: Piccioni, G.
name: Drossart, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polar vortices are common in the atmospheres of rapidly rotating planets [1-4]. On Earth and Mars they are tied to the surface and their existence follows the seasonal insolation cycle [1-3]. Venus is a slowly rotating planet but it is also known to have vortices at both poles at the edge of a superrotating atmosphere [5-8]. However, their nature and long-term properties have not been constrained so far impeding precise modeling. Here we report cloud motions at two altitude levels (about 42 km and 63 km above the surface) using infrared images from the VIRTIS instrument onboard Venus Express that show that the south polar vortex is a permanent but erratic and unpredictable feature. We find that the centers of rotation of the vortex at these levels rarely coincide and both wander erratically around the pole with speeds of up to 16 m s-1. The cloud morphology and vorticity patches are uncorrelated and change continuously developing transient areas of small vertical motions. Venus south polar vortex is a continuously evolving structure immersed in a baroclinic environment laying at altitude levels that have variable vertical and meridional wind shears, extending at least 20 km in height through a quasi-convective turbulent region.
Adsorption of NO2 on WSe2: DFT and photoelectron spectroscopy studies
Creators: name: Ovcharenko, Roman
name: Dedkov, Yuriy
name: Voloshina, Elena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electronic structure modifications of WSe2 upon NO2-adsorption at room and low temperatures were studied by means of photoelectron spectroscopy. We found only moderate changes in the electronic structure, which are manifested as an upward shift of the WSe2-related bands to the smaller binding energies. The observed effects are modelled within the density functional theory approach, where a weak adsorption energy of gas molecules on the surface of WSe2 was deduced. The obtained experimental data are explained as a valence bands polarisation effect, which causes their energy shift depending on the adsorption geometry and the formed dipole moment.
description: manuscript and supplementary material
Analysis of an infinite-buffer batch-size-dependent service queue with discrete-time Markovian arrival process: D-$MAP/G_n^{(a,b)}/1$
Creators: name: Gupta, U. C.
name: Kumar, Nitin
name: Pradhan, S.
name: Barbhuiya, F. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Discrete-time queueing models find huge applications as they are used in modeling queueing systems arising in digital platforms like telecommunication systems, computer networks, etc. In this paper, we analyze an infinite-buffer queueing model with discrete Markovian arrival process. The units on arrival are served in batches by a single server according to the general bulk-service rule, and the service time follows general distribution with service rate depending on the size of the batch being served. We mathematically formulate the model using the supplementary variable technique and obtain the vector generating function at the departure epoch. The generating function is in turn used to extract the joint distribution of queue and server content in terms of the roots of the characteristic equation. Further, we develop the relationship between the distribution at the departure epoch and the distribution at arbitrary, pre-arrival and outside observer's epoch, which is used to obtain the latter ones. We evaluate some essential performance measures of the system and also discuss the computing process extensively which is demonstrated by a few numerical examples.
description: 26 pages, 1 figure
Additional file 1 of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum enables blood urate control in mice through degradation of nucleosides in gastrointestinal tract
Creators: name: Li, Mengfan
name: Wu, Xiaoling
name: Guo, Zewang
name: Gao, Ruichen
name: Ni, Zifu
name: Cui, Hualing
name: Zong, Minhua
name: Van Bockstaele, Filip
name: Lou, Wenyong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
classificationCode: 39999
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
classificationCode: 80699
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Primer sequence of genes in this work. Table S2. Fifteen differential genera in mice supplemented L. plantarum when compared with HNS mice. Table S3. Taxonomy of six microbes using NCBI Nucleotide BLAST analysis tool. Table S4. Three genes involved with nucleoside degradation in L. plantarum. Table S5. Annotated genes contributed to the nucleotide and nucleoside metabolism, which showed that no enzyme in L. plantarum enable to catalyze the transformation of guanine and hypoxanthine into xanthine and resultant urate. Table S6. Genes involved with purine permeation in L. plantarum. Table S7. Permeation for nucleobases in L. plantarum within 2 hours. Table S8. Solubility of nucleosides and nucleobases in water. Table S9. Nodes information in multi-omic network analysis given by Fig. 2A. Table S10. Edges information in multi-omic network analysis given by Fig. 2A. Table S11. Nodes information in multi-omic network analysis given by Fig. S3C. Table S12. Edges information in multi-omic network analysis given by Fig. 3C.
Lieb-Robinson bounds imply locality of interactions
Creators: name: Wilming, Henrik
name: Werner, Albert H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Discrete lattice models are a cornerstone of quantum many-body physics. They arise as effective descriptions of condensed matter systems and lattice-regularized quantum field theories. Lieb-Robinson bounds imply that if the degrees of freedom at each lattice site only interact locally with each other, correlations can only propagate with a finite group velocity through the lattice, similarly to a light cone in relativistic systems. Here we show that Lieb-Robinson bounds are equivalent to the locality of the interactions: a system with k-body interactions fulfills Lieb-Robinson bounds in exponential form if and only if the underlying interactions decay exponentially in space. In particular, our result already follows from the behavior of two-point correlation functions for single-site observables and generalizes to different decay behaviours as well as fermionic lattice models. As a side-result, we thus find that Lieb-Robinson bounds for single-site observables imply Lieb-Robinson bounds for bounded observables with arbitrary support.
description: 4.5 + 7 pages, 1 figure; v2: Changed title, added references, improved presentation
Topological Semimetals with Triply Degenerate Nodal Points in θ-phase Tantalum Nitride
Creators: name: Weng, Hongming
name: Fang, Chen
name: Fang, Zhong
name: Dai, Xi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using first-principles calculation and symmetry analysis, we propose that θ-TaN is a topological semimetal having a new type of point nodes, i.e., triply degenerate nodal points. Each node is a band crossing between degenerate and non-degenerate bands along the high-symmetry line in the Brillouin zone, and is protected by crystalline symmetries. Such new type of nodes will always generate singular touching points between different Fermi surfaces and 3D spin texture around them. Breaking the crystalline symmetry by external magnetic field or strain leads to various of topological phases. By studying the Landau levels under a small field along $c$-axis, we demonstrate that the system has a new quantum anomaly that we call "helical anomaly".
description: 21 pages, 5 figures with supplemental materials
Tuning arrays with rays: Physics-informed tuning of quantum dot charge states
Creators: name: Ziegler, Joshua
name: Luthi, Florian
name: Ramsey, Mick
name: Borjans, Felix
name: Zheng, Guoji
name: Zwolak, Justyna P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Quantum computers based on gate-defined quantum dots (QDs) are expected to scale. However, as the number of qubits increases, the burden of manually calibrating these systems becomes unreasonable and autonomous tuning must be used. There has been a range of recent demonstrations of automated tuning of various QD parameters such as coarse gate ranges, global state topology (e.g. single QD, double QD), charge, and tunnel coupling with a variety of methods. Here, we demonstrate an intuitive, reliable, and data-efficient set of tools for an automated global state and charge tuning in a framework deemed physics-informed tuning (PIT). The first module of PIT is an action-based algorithm that combines a machine learning classifier with physics knowledge to navigate to a target global state. The second module uses a series of one-dimensional measurements to tune to a target charge state by first emptying the QDs of charge, followed by calibrating capacitive couplings and navigating to the target charge state. The success rate for the action-based tuning consistently surpasses 95 % on both simulated and experimental data suitable for off-line testing. The success rate for charge setting is comparable when testing with simulated data, at 95.5(5.4) %, and only slightly worse for off-line experimental tests, with an average of 89.7(17.4) % (median 97.5 %). It is noteworthy that the high performance is demonstrated both on data from samples fabricated in an academic cleanroom as well as on an industrial 300 mm} process line, further underlining the device agnosticism of PIT. Together, these tests on a range of simulated and experimental devices demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of PIT.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures
Maximal Theta Functions -- Universal Optimality of the Hexagonal Lattice for Madelung-Like Lattice Energies
Creators: name: Bétermin, Laurent
name: Faulhuber, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present two families of lattice theta functions accompanying the family of lattice theta functions studied by Montgomery in [H.~Montgomery. Minimal theta functions. \textit{Glasgow Mathematical Journal}, 30(1):75--85, 1988]. The studied theta functions are generalizations of the Jacobi theta-2 and theta-4 functions. Contrary to Montgomery's result, we show that, among lattices, the hexagonal lattice is the unique maximizer of both families of theta functions. As an immediate consequence, we obtain a new universal optimality result for the hexagonal lattice among two-dimensional alternating charged lattices and lattices shifted by the center of their unit cell.
description: 29 pages, 4 figures, minor changes compared to v1
Jarzynski matrix equality: calculating free energy difference by non-equilibrium simulations with an arbitrary initial distribution
Creators: name: Wan, Biao
name: Yang, Cheng
name: Wang, Yanting
name: Zhou, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Jarzynski equality (JE), which relates works of non-equilibrium trajectories to the free energy difference of the initial and final states of the non-equilibrium process, provides an efficient way to calculate free energies of systems in simulations and experiments. However, wider applications of the JE are limited by the requirement that the initial distribution of non-equilibrium trajectories must be equilibrium. Here we extend the JE to a matrix form, the Jarzynski matrix equality (JME), which transforms the free energies of metastable conformational regions in the initial system to that of final one. Therefore, we can calculate the free energies from non-equilibrium trajectories which started from an arbitrary initial distribution. We demonstrate the application of the JME in toy models, Lennard-Jones fluids, and polymer chain models, show its good efficiency in calculation of free energy with a satisfactory accuracy. The JME extends applications of the non-equilibrium method in estimate of free energy in complex system where the initial global equilibrium is difficult to reach.
One-excitation spin dynamics in homogeneous closed chain governed by XX-Hamiltonian
Creators: name: Fel'dman, E. B.
name: Kuznetsova, E. I.
name: Zenchuk, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analytically investigate the one-excitation spin dynamics in a homogeneous closed spin-1/2 chain via diagonalization of the one-excitation block of the XX-Hamiltonian, which allows to derive the analytical expressions for probability amplitudes describing state transfers between any two spins of a chain. We analytically investigate the $M$-neighbor approximation ($M\ge 1$) of spin dynamics with arbitrary initial state and analyze its accuracy using special integral characteristics defined in terms of the above probability amplitudes. We find $M$ providing the required accuracy of evolution approximation for chains of different lengths.
Performance of the ALICE Electromagnetic Calorimeter
Creators: name: ALICE Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The performance of the electromagnetic calorimeter of the ALICE experiment during operation in 2010-2018 at the Large Hadron Collider is presented. After a short introduction into the design, readout, and trigger capabilities of the detector, the procedures for data taking, reconstruction, and validation are explained. The methods used for the calibration and various derived corrections are presented in detail. Subsequently, the capabilities of the calorimeter to reconstruct and measure photons, light mesons, electrons and jets are discussed. The performance of the calorimeter is illustrated mainly with data obtained with test beams at the Proton Synchrotron and Super Proton Synchrotron or in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV, and compared to simulations.
description: 139 pages, 104 captioned figures, 16 tables, authors from page 131, published version, figures at http://alice-publications.web.cern.ch/node/8398
title: Pilot testing of the indirectly heated carbonate looping process for CO2 capture from lime industry
Creators: name: Hofmann, Carina
name: Greco-Coppi, Martin
name: Ströhle, Jochen
name: Epple, Bernd
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2024

description: The indirectly heated carbonate looping (IHCaL) process is a novel technology for capturing CO2 from the lime and cement industry. The IHCaL process uses lime as solid sorbent, which comprises synergies with lime and cement plants using same solid materials. Another major advantage of the IHCaL process is the high energetic efficiency. Previous pilot tests proved the feasibility of the IHCaL process for applications in the power plant sector. However, the integration of the IHCaL into cement and lime plants, as well as the usability of spent sorbents as educts in such productions, has not yet been tested. This study describes the design and operation of an existing 300 kWth pilot plant that is adapted for demonstrating the IHCaL process under industrially relevant conditions of lime plants. First results show that the fluidized bed reactor system can be operated under stable conditions and high CO2 capture rates can be achieved when the temperature and solid inventory in the carbonator are high enough.
Normalized solutions of mass supercritical Schrödinger equations with potential
Creators: name: Bartsch, Thomas
name: Molle, Riccardo
name: Rizzi, Matteo
name: Verzini, Gianmaria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper is concerned with the existence of normalized solutions of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation \[ -Δu+V(x)u+λu = |u|^{p-2}u \qquad\text{in $\mathbb{R}^N$} \] in the mass supercritical and Sobolev subcritical case $2+\frac{4}{N}
description: 24 pages
Additional file 2 of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum enables blood urate control in mice through degradation of nucleosides in gastrointestinal tract
Creators: name: Li, Mengfan
name: Wu, Xiaoling
name: Guo, Zewang
name: Gao, Ruichen
name: Ni, Zifu
name: Cui, Hualing
name: Zong, Minhua
name: Van Bockstaele, Filip
name: Lou, Wenyong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
classificationCode: 39999
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
classificationCode: 80699
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Changes in metabolic parameters due to high nucleosides diet and L. plantarum supplementation in mice. Supplementary Fig. 2. Changes in gut microbiota due to high nucleosides diet and L. plantarum supplementation in mice. Supplementary Fig. 3. L. plantarum affecting the gut metabolites. Supplementary Fig. 4. Metagenomic functional annotation and classification of L. plantarum in KEGG (A) and in COG (B). Supplementary Fig. 5. Identification of production of inosine hydrolyzed by L. plantarum. Supplementary Fig. 6. Established Caco-2 cell monolayer for nucleosides and nucleobases transport. Supplementary Fig. 7. Gene sequences alignment of RihA–C from L. plantarum with other organisms.
Journeys & Notes: Designing Social Computing for Non-Places
Creators: name: Cranshaw, Justin
name: Monroy-Hernández, Andrés
name: Needham, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work we present a mobile application we designed and engineered to enable people to log their travels near and far, leave notes behind, and build a community around spaces in between destinations. Our design explores new ground for location-based social computing systems, identifying opportunities where these systems can foster the growth of on-line communities rooted at non-places. In our work we develop, explore, and evaluate several innovative features designed around four usage scenarios: daily commuting, long-distance traveling, quantified traveling, and journaling. We present the results of two small-scale user studies, and one large-scale, world-wide deployment, synthesizing the results as potential opportunities and lessons learned in designing social computing for non-places.
description: CHI '16 Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Solitary structures with ion and electron thermal anisotropy
Creators: name: Khusroo, Murchana
name: Bora, Madhurjya P
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Formation of electrostatic solitary structures are analysed for a magnetised plasma with ion and electron thermal anisotropies. The ion thermal anisotropy is modelled with the help of the Chew-Goldberger-Low (CGL) double adiabatic equations of state while the electrons are treated as inertia-less species with an anisotropic bi-Maxwellian velocity distribution function. A negative electron thermal anisotropy $(T_{e\perp}/T_e{\parallel}>1)$ is found to help form large amplitude solitary structures which are in agreement with observational data.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
Smooth Hilbert schemes: their classification and geometry
Creators: name: Skjelnes, Roy
name: Smith, Gregory G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14C05, 14J10, 14M15

description: Closed subschemes in projective space with a fixed Hilbert polynomial are parametrized by a Hilbert scheme. We classify the smooth ones. We identify numerical conditions on a polynomial that completely determine when the Hilbert scheme is smooth. We also reinterpret these smooth Hilbert schemes as generalized partial flag varieties and describe the subschemes being parametrized.
description: 21 pages, v2 improves the exposition and corrects minor errors
A 3-categorical perspective on G-crossed braided categories
Creators: name: Jones, Corey
name: Penneys, David
name: Reutter, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18N20 (Primary), 18M30, 18M15 (Secondary)

description: A braided monoidal category may be considered a $3$-category with one object and one $1$-morphism. In this paper, we show that, more generally, $3$-categories with one object and $1$-morphisms given by elements of a group $G$ correspond to $G$-crossed braided categories, certain mathematical structures which have emerged as important invariants of low-dimensional quantum field theories. More precisely, we show that the 4-category of $3$-categories $\mathcal{C}$ equipped with a 3-functor $\mathrm{B}G \to \mathcal{C}$ which is essentially surjective on objects and $1$-morphisms is equivalent to the $2$-category of $G$-crossed braided categories. This provides a uniform approach to various constructions of $G$-crossed braided categories.
description: 66 pages, many figures
Additional file 1 of Healthcare use attributable to COVID-19: a propensity-matched national electronic health records cohort study of 249,390 people in Wales, UK
Creators: name: Kennedy, J
name: Parker, M
name: Seaborne, M
name: Mhereeg, M
name: Walker, A
name: Walker, V
name: Denaxas, S
name: Kennedy, N
name: Katikireddi, S. V
name: Brophy, S
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Individual SARS-CoV-2 testing sites included under each testing location. AE – Accident & Emergency, CTU – Clinical Trials Unit, HC – Hospice Care, ICU – Intensive Care Unit.
Correlations of multiplicative functions in function fields
Creators: name: Klurman, Oleksiy
name: Mangerel, Alexander P.
name: Teräväinen, Joni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11N37, 11T55

description: We develop an approach to study character sums, weighted by a multiplicative function $f:\mathbb{F}_q[t]\to S^1$, of the form \begin{equation} \sum_{G\in \mathcal{M}_N}f(G)χ(G)ξ(G), \end{equation} where $χ$ is a Dirichlet character and $ξ$ is a short interval character over $\mathbb{F}_q[t].$ We then deduce versions of the Matomäki-Radziwill theorem and Tao's two-point logarithmic Elliott conjecture over function fields $\mathbb{F}_q[t]$, where $q$ is fixed. The former of these improves on work of Gorodetsky, and the latter extends the work of Sawin-Shusterman on correlations of the Möbius function for various values of $q$. Compared with the integer setting, we encounter a different phenomenon, specifically a low characteristic issue in the case that $q$ is a power of $2$. As an application of our results, we give a short proof of the function field version of a conjecture of Kátai on classifying multiplicative functions with small increments, with the classification obtained and the proof being different from the integer case. In a companion paper, we use these results to characterize the limiting behavior of partial sums of multiplicative functions in function fields and in particular to solve a "corrected" form of the Erdős discrepancy problem over $\mathbb{F}_q[t]$.
description: 62 pages; further referee comments incorporated; to appear in Mathematika
Neutron star inner crust: reduction of shear modulus by nuclei finite size effect
Creators: name: Zemlyakov, Nikita A.
name: Chugunov, Andrey I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The elasticity of neutron star crust is important for adequate interpretation of observations. To describe elastic properties one should rely on theoretical models. The most widely used is Coulomb crystal model (system of point-like charges on neutralizing uniform background), in some works it is corrected for electron screening. These models neglect finite size of nuclei. This approximation is well justified except for the innermost crustal layers, where nuclei size becomes comparable with the inter-nuclear spacing. Still, even in those dense layers it seems reasonable to apply the Coulomb crystal result, if one assumes that nuclei are spherically symmetric: Coulomb interaction between them should be the same as interaction between point-like charges. This argument is indeed correct, however, as we point here, shear of crustal lattice generates (microscopic) quadrupole electrostatic potential in a vicinity of lattice cites, which induces deformation on the nuclei. We analyze this problem analytically within compressible liquid drop model, using ionic spheroid model (which is generalization of well known ion sphere model). In particular, for ground state crust composition the effective shear modulus is reduced for a factor of $1-u^{5/3}/(2+3\,u-4\,u^{1/3})$, where u is the filling factor (ratio of the nuclei volume to the volume of the cell). This result is universal and does not depend on the applied nucleon interaction model. For the innermost layers of inner crust u~0.2 leading to reduction of the shear modulus by ~25%, which can be important for correct interpretation of quasi-periodic oscillations in the tails of magnetar flares.
description: 7 pages, submitted to MNRAS on Sept. 8
Holographic complexity of rotating black holes
Creators: name: Balushi, Abdulrahim Al
name: Hennigar, Robie A.
name: Kunduri, Hari K.
name: Mann, Robert B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the framework of the "complexity equals action" and "complexity equals volume" conjectures, we study the properties of holographic complexity for rotating black holes. We focus on a class of odd-dimensional equal-spinning black holes for which considerable simplification occurs. We study the complexity of formation, uncovering a direct connection between complexity of formation and thermodynamic volume for large black holes. We consider also the growth-rate of complexity, finding that at late-times the rate of growth approaches a constant, but that Lloyd's bound is generically violated.
description: v3, added some clarifications
Probing dressed states and quantum nonlinearities in a strongly coupled three-qubit waveguide system under optical pumping
Creators: name: Regidor, Sofia Arranz
name: Hughes, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a three-qubit waveguide system in the presence of optical pumping, when the side qubits act as atomlike mirrors, manifesting in a strong light-matter coupling regime. The qubits are modelled as Fermionic two-level systems, where we account for important saturation effects and quantum nonlinearities. Optically pumping this system is shown to lead to a rich manifold of dressed states that can be seen in the emitted spectrum, and we show two different theoretical solutions using a medium-dependent master equation model in the Markovian limit, as well as using matrix product states without invoking any Markov approximations. We demonstrate how a rich nonlinear spectrum is obtained by varying the relative decay rates of the mirror qubits as well as their spatial separation, and show the limitations of using a Markovian master equation. Our model allows one to directly model giant-atom phenomena, including important retardation effects and multi-photon nonlinearities. We also show how the excited three qubit system, in a strong coupling regime, deviates significantly from a Jaynes-Cummings model when entering the nonlinear regime.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures
Majorana corner modes and flat-band Majorana edge modes in superconductor/topological-insulator/superconductor junctions
Creators: name: Chen, Xiao-Ting
name: Liu, Chun-Hui
name: Xu, Dong-Hui
name: Chen, Chui-Zhen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, superconductors with higher-order topology have stimulated extensive attention and research interest. Higher-order topological superconductors exhibit unconventional bulk-boundary correspondence, thus allow exotic lower-dimensional boundary modes, such as Majorana corner and hinge modes. However, higher-order topological superconductivity has yet to be found in naturally occurring materials. In this work, we investigate higher-order topology in a two-dimensional Josephson junction comprised of two $s$-wave superconductors separated by a topological insulator thin film. We found that zero-energy Majorana corner modes, a boundary fingerprint of higher-order topological superconductivity, can be achieved by applying magnetic field. When an in-plane Zeeman field is applied to the system, two corner states appear in the superconducting junction. Furthermore, we also discover a two dimensional nodal superconducting phase which supports flat-band Majorana edge modes connecting the bulk nodes. Importantly, we demonstrate that zero-energy Majorana corner modes are stable when increasing the thickness of topological insulator thin film.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
What is moving in hybrid halide perovskite solar cells?
Creators: name: Frost, Jarvist M.
name: Walsh, Aron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Organic-inorganic semiconductors, which adopt the perovskite crystal structure, have perturbed the landscape of contemporary photovoltaics research. In this Account, we discuss the internal motion of methylammonium lead iodide (CH$_3$NH$_3$PbI$_3$) and formamidinium lead iodide ([CH(NH$_2$)$_2$]PbI$_3$), covering: (i) molecular rotation-libration in the cuboctahedral cavity; (ii) drift and diffusion of large electron and hole polarons; (iii) transport of charged ionic defects. These processes give rise to a range of properties that are unconventional for photovoltaic materials, including frequency-dependent permittivity, low electron-hole recombination rates, and current-voltage hysteresis. Multi-scale simulations - drawing from electronic structure, ab initio molecular dynamic and Monte Carlo techniques - have been combined with neutron scattering and ultra-fast vibrational spectroscopy to qualify the nature and timescales of the motions. Recent experimental evidence and theoretical models for simultaneous electron transport and ion transport in these materials has been presented, suggesting they are mixed-mode conductors with similarities to metal oxide perovskites developed for battery and fuel cell applications. We expound on the implications of these effects for the photovoltaic action. The temporal behaviour found in hybrid perovskites introduces a sensitivity in materials characterisation to the time and length scale of the measurement, as well as the history of each sample. It also poses significant challenges for accurate materials and device simulations. Herein, we critically discuss the atomistic origin of the dynamic processes.
description: 29 pages, 3 figures
Specific heat in high magnetic fields and magnetic phase diagram of CePt$_2$In$_7$
Creators: name: Krupko, Y.
name: Demuer, A.
name: Ota, S.
name: Hirose, Y.
name: Settai, R.
name: Sheikin, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report specific heat measurements on a high quality single crystal of the heavy-fermion compound CePt$_2$In$_7$ in magnetic fields up to 27 T. The zero-field specific heat data above the Néel temperature, $T_N$, suggest a moderately enhanced value of the electronic specific heat coefficient $γ= 180 \; \rm{mJ/K^2mol}$. For $T
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
XMM-Newton reveals a Seyfert-like X-ray spectrum in the z=3.6 QSO B1422+231
Creators: name: Dadina, M.
name: Vignali, C.
name: Cappi, M.
name: Lanzuisi, G.
name: Ponti, G.
name: De Marco, B.
name: Chartas, G.
name: Giustini, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Matter flows in the central regions of quasars during their active phases are probably responsible for the properties of the super-massive black holes and that of the bulges of host galaxies. To understand how this mechanism works, we need to characterize the geometry and the physical state of the accreting matter at cosmological redshifts. The few high quality X-ray spectra of distant QSO have been collected by adding sparse pointings of single objects obtained during X-ray monitoring campaigns. This could have introduced spurious spectral features due to source variability. Here we present a single epoch, high-quality X-ray spectrum of the z=3.62 quasar B1422+231 whose flux is enhanced by gravitationally lensing (F$_{2-10 keV}\sim$10$^{-12}$erg s$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$). The X-ray spectrum of B1422+231 is found to be very similar to the one of a typical nearby Seyfert galaxy. Neutral absorption is detected (N$_{H}\sim$5$\times$10$^{21}$ cm$^{-2}$ at the redshift of the source) while a strong absorption edge is measured at E$\sim$7.5 keV with an optical depth of $τ\sim$0.14. We also find hints of the FeK$α$ line in emission at E$\sim$6.4 keV line (EW$\lesssim$70 eV) and a hump is detected in the E$\sim$15-20 keV energy band (rest-frame) suggesting the presence of a reflection component. In this scenario, the primary emission of B1422+231 is most probably dominated by the thermal Comptonization of UV seed photons in a corona with kT$\sim$40 keV and the reflection component has a relative direct-to-reflect normalization r$\sim$1. These findings confirm that gravitational lensing is effective to obtain good quality X-ray spectral information of quasar at high-z, moreover they support the idea that the same general picture characterizing active galactic nuclei in the nearby Universe is valid also at high redshift.
description: Accepted for publication on Astronomy and Astrophysics
Reconfiguration and oscillations of a vertical, cantilevered-sheet subject to vortex-shedding
Creators: name: Jerome, J. John Soundar
name: Bachelier, Yohann
name: Doppler, Delphine
name: Lehmann, Christophe
name: Rivière, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of a thin low-density polyethylene sheet subject to periodic forcing due to Bénard-Kàrmàn vortices in a long narrow water channel is investigated here. In particular, the time-averaged sheet deflection and its oscillation amplitude are considered. The former is first illustrated to be well-approximated by the static equilibrium between the buoyancy force, the elastic restoring force, and the profile drag based on the depth-averaged water speed. Our observations also indicate that the presence of upstream vortices hinder the overall reconfiguration effect, well-known in an otherwise steady flow. For the sheet tip oscillations, a simple model based on torsional-spring-mounted flat plate correctly captures the measured tip amplitude over a wide range of sheet physical properties and flow conditions. Furthermore, a rich phenomenology of structural dynamics including vortex-forced-vibration, lock-in with the sheet natural frequency, flow-induced vibration due to the sheet wake, multiple-frequency and modal response is reported.
description: Editorial acceptance for publication in Physical Review Fluids on the 14th of July 2023