cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A moment symbolic representation of Lévy processes with applications
Creators: name: Oliva, Immacolata <1982>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: MAT/06 Probabilità e Statistica matematica

description: By using a symbolic method, known in the literature as the classical umbral calculus, a symbolic representation of Lévy processes is given and a new family of time-space harmonic polynomials with respect to such processes, which includes and generalizes the exponential complete Bell polynomials, is introduced. 
The usefulness of time-space harmonic polynomials with respect to Lévy processes is that it is a martingale the stochastic process obtained by replacing the indeterminate x of the polynomials with a Lévy process, whereas the Lévy process does not necessarily have this property. Therefore to find such polynomials could be particularly meaningful for applications.

This new family includes Hermite polynomials, time-space harmonic with respect to Brownian motion, Poisson-Charlier polynomials with respect to Poisson processes,  Laguerre and actuarial polynomials with respect to Gamma processes , Meixner polynomials of the first kind with respect to Pascal processes,  Euler,  Bernoulli, Krawtchuk,  and  pseudo-Narumi polynomials with respect to suitable random walks.
The role played by cumulants is stressed and brought to the light, either in the symbolic representation  of Lévy processes and their infinite divisibility property, either  in the generalization, via umbral Kailath-Segall formula, of the well-known formulae giving elementary symmetric polynomials in terms of power sum symmetric polynomials.
The expression of the family of time-space harmonic polynomials here introduced has some connections with the so-called moment representation of various families of multivariate polynomials. Such moment representation has been studied here for the first time in connection with the time-space harmonic property with respect to suitable symbolic multivariate Lévy processes. In particular, multivariate Hermite polynomials and their properties have been studied in connection with a symbolic version of the multivariate Brownian motion, while multivariate Bernoulli and Euler polynomials are represented as powers of multivariate polynomials which are time-space harmonic with respect to suitable multivariate Lévy processes.
Existence and approximation of a (regularized) Oldroyd-B model
Creators: name: Barrett, John W.
name: Boyaval, Sebastien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q30, 65M12, 65M60, 76A10, 76M10, 82D60

description: Two finite element approximations of the Oldroyd-B model for dilute polymeric fluids are considered, in bounded 2- and 3-dimensional domains, under no flow boundary conditions. The pressure and the symmetric conformation tensor are aproximated by either (a) piecewise constants or (b) continuous piecewise linears, the velocity by (a) continuous piecewise quadratics or a reduced version with linear tangential component on each edge, and (b) by continuous piecewise quadratics or the mini-element. Both schemes (a) and (b) satisfy a free energy bound, which involves the logarithm of the conformation tensor, without any constraint on the time step for the backward Euler type time discretization. This extends the results of [Boyaval et al. M2AN 43 (2009) 523--561], where a piecewise constant approximation of the conformation tensor was necessary to treat the advection term in the stress equation, and a restriction on the time step, based on the initial data, was required to ensure that the approximation to the conformation tensor remained positive definite. Furthermore, for (b) in the presence of an additional dissipative term in the stress equation and a cut-off on the conformation tensor on certain terms like in [Barrett and Süli, M3AS 18 (2008) 935--971] for the FENE dumbbell model, we show (subsequence) convergence towards global-in-time weak solutions (when d=2, cut-offs can be replaced with a time step restriction dependent on the spatial discretization parameter). Hence, we prove existence of global-in-time weak solutions to these regularized models.
description: 52 pages, 1 figure
A comprehensive chemical abundance analysis of the extremely metal poor Leoncino Dwarf galaxy (AGC 198691)
Creators: name: Aver, Erik
name: Berg, Danielle A.
name: Hirschauer, Alec S.
name: Olive, Keith A.
name: Pogge, Richard W.
name: Rogers, Noah S. J.
name: Salzer, John. J.
name: Skillman, Evan D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We re-examine the extremely metal-poor (XMP) dwarf galaxy AGC 198691 using a high quality spectrum obtained by the LBT's MODS instrument. Previous spectral observations obtained from KOSMOS on the Mayall 4-m and the Blue Channel spectrograph on the MMT 6.5-m telescope did not allow for the determination of sulfur, argon, or helium abundances. We report an updated and full chemical abundance analysis for AGC 198691, including confirmation of the extremely low "direct" oxygen abundance with a value of 12 + log(O/H) = 7.06 $\pm$ 0.03. AGC 198691's low metallicity potentially makes it a high value target for helping determine the primordial helium abundance ($Y_p$). Though complicated by a Na I night sky line partially overlaying the He I $λ$5876 emission line, the LBT/MODS spectrum proved adequate for determining AGC 198691's helium abundance. We employ the recently expanded and improved model of Aver et al. (2021), incorporating higher Balmer and Paschen lines, augmented by the observation of the infrared helium emission line He I $λ$10830 obtained by Hsyu et al. (2020). Applying our full model produced a reliable helium abundance determination, consistent with the expectation for its metallicity. Although this is the lowest metallicity object with a detailed helium abundance, unfortunately, due to its faintness (EW(H$β$) $
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
O Biomaterial Didático
Creators: name: Abreu, Breno Tenório Ramalho
name: Duque, Thatiane Mendes
name: Ferron, Vitoria Ferreira
Publisher: name: Labfront/UEMG
Year: 2023

description: O Grupo Casulo é um coletivo que investiga a relação entre arte, ciência ecológica, moda e design para a produção e reflexão de vestíveis mais aptos para o corpo e meio ambiente. Este artigo apresenta o desenvolvimento de um material didático sobre biomateriais, criado pelo grupo a partir de pesquisas bibliográficas e experimentações ocorridas em seu laboratório-ateliê no ano de 2022. O trabalho teve como objetivo principal fomentar reflexões sobre as nossas materialidades, a partir de perspectivas artísticas, científicas, educativas e socioambientais.
Modelling the impact of iKIRs in adaptive immune responses
Creators: name: Mora Bitria, Laura
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2023

description: Inhibitory killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (iKIRs) are a family of inhibitory receptors that are expressed by natural killer cells and late-stage differentiated T cells. iKIRs are well- known for their function during innate responses but there is evidence that they also regulate T cell-mediated immunity. Importantly, recent immunogenetic studies indicate that iKIRs en- hance T cell-mediated control in chronic viral infections in humans. Whether iKIRs play an analogous role in other contexts is currently unknown. This thesis aims to tackle that ques- tion by combining immunogenetic analysis, mathematical modelling and iKIR expression data analysis in the context of type 1 diabetes (T1D). In autoimmunity, an enhanced T cell response might be considered detrimental and so iKIRs might have an opposite effect and exacerbate self-reactive T cell responses. The immunogenetic analysis of two T1D cohorts confirms this hypothesis and reveals a large detrimental effect of iKIR genes in T1D. Specifically, the pro- tection conferred by some HLA class II genotypes is weakened in individuals carrying a high number of iKIR genes together with their ligand genes. Mathematical modelling shows that an iKIR-mediated increase of CD8+ and CD4+ T cell survival can explain the effect of iKIR genes in individuals carrying protective HLA class II genotypes. Finally, the iKIR expressing CD4+ and CD8+ T cell populations are relatively small and not expanded in blood in T1D patients, suggesting that crosstalk between autoreactive T cells and other iKIR expressing immune pop- ulations is more likely to explain the observed iKIR effect. Overall, this thesis expands the iKIR modulatory role of T cells during antiviral responses to autoimmune responses, hinting at a core and widespread function of iKIRs in adaptive human immunity.
Demonstration of an ultracold micro-optomechanical oscillator in a cryogenic cavity
Creators: name: Groeblacher, Simon
name: Hertzberg, Jared B.
name: Vanner, Michael R.
name: Cole, Garrett D.
name: Gigan, Sylvain
name: Schwab, K. C.
name: Aspelmeyer, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Preparing and manipulating quantum states of mechanical resonators is a highly interdisciplinary undertaking that now receives enormous interest for its far-reaching potential in fundamental and applied science. Up to now, only nanoscale mechanical devices achieved operation close to the quantum regime. We report a new micro-optomechanical resonator that is laser cooled to a level of 30 thermal quanta. This is equivalent to the best nanomechanical devices, however, with a mass more than four orders of magnitude larger (43 ng versus 1 pg) and at more than two orders of magnitude higher environment temperature (5 K versus 30 mK). Despite the large laser-added cooling factor of 4,000 and the cryogenic environment, our cooling performance is not limited by residual absorption effects. These results pave the way for the preparation of 100-um scale objects in the quantum regime. Possible applications range from quantum-limited optomechanical sensing devices to macroscopic tests of quantum physics.
description: Published version
Characterization of novel probiotics and prebiotics
Creators: name: Maccaferri, Simone <1983>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: CHIM/11 Chimica e biotecnologia delle fermentazioni

description: The role of the human gut microbiota in impacting host’s health has been widely studied in the last decade. Notably, it has been recently demonstrated that diet and nutritional status are among the most important modifiable determinants of human health, through a plethora of presumptive mechanisms among which microbiota-mediated processes are thought to have a relevant role.
At present, probiotics and prebiotics represent a useful dietary approach for influencing the composition and activity of the human gut microbial community. 
The present study is composed of two main sections, aimed at elucidating the probiotic potential of the yeast strain K. marxianus B0399, as well as the promising putative prebiotic activity ascribable to four different flours, naturally enriched in dietary fibres content.
Here, by in vitro studies we demonstrated that K. marxianus B0399 possesses a number of beneficial and strain-specific properties desirable for a microorganism considered for application as a probiotics. Successively, we investigated the impact of a novel probiotic yoghurt containing B. animalis subsp. lactis Bb12 and K. marxianus B0399 on the gut microbiota of a cohort of subjects suffering from IBS and enrolled in a in vivo clinical study. We demonstrated that beneficial effects described for the probiotic yoghurt were not associated to significant modifications of the human intestinal microbiota. 
Additionally, using a colonic model system we investigated the impact of different flours (wholegrain rye and wheat, chickpeas and lentils 50:50, and barley milled grains) on the intestinal microbiota composition and metabolomic output, combining molecular and cellular analysis with a NMR metabolomics approach. We demonstrated that each tested flour showed peculiar and positive modulations of the intestinal microbiota composition and its small molecule metabolome, thus supporting the utilisation of these ingredients in the development of a variety of potentially prebiotic food products aimed at improving human health.
The fractional Schrödinger operator and Toeplitz matrices
Creators: name: Hatzinikitas, Agapitos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03.65.-w, 02.30.Jr, 02.10.Yn

description: Confining a quantum particle in a compact subinterval of the real line with Dirichlet boundary conditions, we identify the connection of the one-dimensional fractional Schrödinger operator with the truncated Toeplitz matrices. We determine the asymptotic behaviour of the product of eigenvalues for the $α$-stable symmetric laws by employing the Szegö's strong limit theorem. The results of the present work can be applied to a recently proposed model for a particle hopping on a bounded interval in one dimension whose hopping probability is given a discrete representation of the fractional Laplacian.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
Investigating coronal wave energy estimates using synthetic non-thermal line widths
Creators: name: Fyfe, Lianne
name: Howson, Thomas
name: De Moortel, Ineke
name: Pant, Vaibhav
name: Van Doorsselaere, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. Estimates of coronal wave energy remain uncertain as a large fraction of the energy is likely hidden in the non-thermal line widths of emission lines. In order to estimate these wave energies, many previous studies have considered the root mean squared wave amplitudes to be a factor of $\sqrt{2}$ greater than the non-thermal line widths. However, other studies have used different factors. To investigate this problem, we consider the relation between wave amplitudes and the non-thermal line widths within a variety of 3D magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations. Methods. We consider the following 3D numerical models: Alfvén waves in a uniform magnetic field, transverse waves in a complex braided magnetic field, and two simulations of coronal heating in an arcade. We applied the forward modelling code FoMo to generate the synthetic emission data required to analyse the non-thermal line widths. Results. Determining a single value for the ratio between the non-thermal line widths and the root mean squared wave amplitudes is not possible across multiple simulations. It was found to depend on a variety of factors, including line-of-sight angles, velocity magnitudes, wave interference, and exposure time. Indeed, some of our models achieved the values claimed in recent articles while other more complex models deviated from these ratios. Conclusions. To estimate wave energies, an appropriate relation between the non-thermal line widths and root mean squared wave amplitudes is required. However, evaluating this ratio to be a singular value, or even providing a lower or upper bound on it, is not realistically possible given its sensitivity to various MHD models and factors. As the ratio between wave amplitudes and non-thermal line widths is not constant across our models, we suggest that this widely used method for estimating wave energy is not robust.
description: 11 pages and 11 figures
Coherent states and rational surfaces
Creators: name: Brody, Dorje C.
name: Graefe, Eva-Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The state spaces of generalised coherent states associated with special unitary groups are shown to form rational curves and surfaces in the space of pure states. These curves and surfaces are generated by the various Veronese embeddings of the underlying state space into higher-dimensional state spaces. This construction is applied to the parameterisation of generalised coherent states, which is useful for practical calculations and provides an elementary combinatorial approach to the geometry of the coherent state space. The results are extended to Hilbert spaces with indefinite inner products, leading to the introduction of a new kind of generalised coherent states.
description: References added; version to appear in J Phys A
Mapping the structural, magnetic and electronic behavior of (Eu$_{1-x}$Ca$_{x}$)$_{2}$Ir$_{2}$O$_{7}$ across a metal-insulator transition
Creators: name: Zoghlin, E.
name: Porter, Z.
name: Britner, S.
name: Husremovic, S.
name: Choi, Y.
name: Haskel, D.
name: Laurita, G.
name: Wilson, S. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, we employ bulk electronic properties characterization and x-ray scattering/spectroscopy techniques to map the structural, magnetic and electronic properties of (Eu$_{1-x}$Ca$_{x}$)$_{2}$Ir$_{2}$O$_{7}$ as a function of Ca-doping. As expected, the metal-insulator transition temperature, $T_{MIT}$, decreases with Ca-doping until a metallic state is realized down to 2 K. In contrast, $T_{AFM}$ becomes decoupled from the MIT and (likely short-range) AFM order persists into the metallic regime. This decoupling is understood as a result of the onset of an electronically phase separated state, the occurrence of which seemingly depends on both synthesis method and rare earth site magnetism. PDF analysis suggests that electronic phase separation occurs without accompanying chemical phase segregation or changes in the short-range crystallographic symmetry while synchrotron x-ray diffraction confirms that there is no change in the long-range crystallographic symmetry. X-ray absorption measurements confirm the $J_{eff}$ = 1/2 character of (Eu$_{1-x}$Ca$_{x}$)$_{2}$Ir$_{2}$O$_{7}$. Surprisingly these measurements also indicate a net electron doping, rather than the expected hole doping, indicating a compensatory mechanism. Lastly, XMCD measurements show a weak Ir magnetic polarization that is largely unaffected by Ca-doping.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures
SDEs driven by a time-changed Lévy process and their associated time-fractional order pseudo-differential equations
Creators: name: Hahn, Marjorie G.
name: Kobayashi, Kei
name: Umarov, Sabir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60H10, 35S10, 60G51

description: It is known that the transition probabilities of a solution to a classical Itô stochastic differential equation (SDE) satisfy in the weak sense the associated Kolmogorov equation. The Kolmogorov equation is a partial differential equation with coeffcients determined by the corresponding SDE. Time-fractional Kolmogorov type equations are used to model complex processes in many fields. However, the class of SDEs that is associated with these equations is unknown except in a few special cases. The present paper shows that in the cases of either time-fractional order or more general time-distributed order differential equations, the associated class of SDEs can be described within the framework of SDEs driven by semimartingales. These semimartingales are time-changed Lévy processes where the independent time-change is given respectively by the inverse of a single or mixture of independent stable subordinators. Examples are provided, including a fractional analogue of the Feynman-Kac formula.
description: 17 pages. Text rewritten in a succinct form; v2 contains a more detailed preliminary section (Section 2) as well as the proof of Lemma 3.2
Electric Dipole Moment and Neutrino Mixing due to Planck Scale Effects
Creators: name: Koranga, Bipin Singh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we consider the effect of Planck scale operators on electric dipole moment of the electron de. The electric dipole moment of the electron, de is known to vanish up to three loops in the standard model with massless neutrinos We consider the Planck scale operator on neutrino mixing. We assume that the neutrino masses and mixing arise through physics at a scale intermediate between Planck scale and the electroweak braking scale. We also assume, that just above the electroweak breaking scale neutrino mass are nearly degenerate and the mixing is bi-maximal. Quantum gravity (Planck scale) effects lead to an effective SU(2)_{L}\times U(1) invariant dimension-5 Lagrangian symmetry involving Standard Model. On electroweak symmetry breaking, this operator gives rise to correction to the neutrino masses and mixings these additional terms can be considered as perturbation to the bimaximal neutrino mass matrix We assume that the gravitational interaction is flavour blind and we study the neutrino mixing and electric dipole moment due to the Planck scale effects.
description: 6 Pages
Anisotropic Stars in 4D Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet Gravity
Creators: name: Tangphati, Takol
name: Pradhan, Anirudh
name: Banerjee, Ayan
name: Panotopoulos, Grigoris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The current trend concerning dense matter physics at sufficiently high densities and low temperatures is expected to behave as a degenerate Fermi gas of quarks forming Cooper pairs, namely a color superconductor, in the core of compact objects. In this context, we study the anisotropy of quark stars (QSs) assuming the internal composition to be comprised of homogeneous, charge neutral 3-flavor interacting quark matter with $\mathcal{O}(m_s^4)$ corrections. Using the equation of state (EoS) with the Tolmann-Oppenheimer-Volkoff (TOV) structure equations, we perform numerical calculation for quark stars and determine the maximum mass-radius relation in the context of $4D$ Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet (EGB) gravity. In particular, we consider the effects of Gauss-Bonnet (GB) coupling constant on the diagrams related to mass-radius $(M-R)$ relation and the mass-central mass density $(M-ρ_c)$ relation of QSs. We pay particular attention to the influence of the anisotropy in the equilibrium and stability of strange stars. We also study the other properties of QSs related to compactness and binding energy. Interestingly, our result provides circumstantial evidence in favor of super-massive pulsars in $4D$ EGB gravity.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures, version accepted for publication in Phys. Dark Univ
Stone architecture in Carso plateau. Settlement patterns and construction techniques of historic buildings
Creators: name: Facchini, Marco <1984>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: ICAR/10 Architettura tecnica

description: The use of stone and its types of processing have been very important in the vernacular architecture of the cross-border Carso. In Carso this represents an important legacy of centuries and has a uniform typological characteristic to a great extent. The stone was the main constituent of the local architecture, setting and shaping the human environment, incorporating the history of places through their specific symbolic and constructive language. The primary aim of this research is the recognition of the constructive rules and the values embedded in the Carso rural architecture by use and processing of stone. Central to this investigation is the typological reading, aimed to analyze the constructive language expressed by this legacy, through the analysis of the relationship between type, technique and material.
Infrared singularities of scattering amplitudes in perturbative QCD
Creators: name: Becher, Thomas
name: Neubert, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An exact formula is derived for the infrared singularities of dimensionally regularized scattering amplitudes in massless QCD with an arbitrary number of legs, valid at any number of loops. It is based on the conjecture that the anomalous-dimension matrix of n-jet operators in soft-collinear effective theory contains only a single non-trivial color structure, whose coefficient is the cusp anomalous dimension of Wilson loops with light-like segments. Its color-diagonal part is characterized by two anomalous dimensions, which are extracted to three-loop order from known perturbative results for the quark and gluon form factors. This allows us to predict the three-loop coefficients of all 1/epsilon^k poles for an arbitrary n-parton scattering amplitudes, generalizing existing two-loop results.
description: 4 pages; v2: typo in eq. (12) fixed, references updated; v3: additional term in (12)
Induced solitons formed by cross polarization coupling in a birefringent cavity fiber laser
Creators: name: Zhang, H.
name: Tang, D. Y.
name: Zhao, L. M.
name: Tam, H. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the experimental observation of induced solitons in a passively mode-locked fiber ring laser with birefringence cavity. Due to the cross coupling between the two orthogonal polarization components of the laser, it was found that if a soliton was formed along one cavity polarization axis, a weak soliton was also induced along the orthogonal polarization axis, and depending on the net cavity birefringence, the induced soliton could either have the same or different center wavelengths to that of the inducing soliton. Moreover, the induced soliton always had the same group velocity as that of the inducing soliton. They form a vector soliton in the cavity. Numerical simulations confirmed the experimental observations.
Additional file 2 of Diet induced the change of mtDNA copy number and metabolism in Angus cattle
Creators: name: Bai, Ying
name: Carrillo, José A.
name: Li, Yaokun
name: He, Yanghua
name: Song, Jiuzhou
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Ecology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. KEGG pathways differentially expressed between grass-fed and grain-fed Angus cattle. (A) muscle, (B) liver, (C) spleen, (D) rumen.
Low frequency current oscillations and topographic waves in the Strait of Georgia
Creators: name: Helbig, James Alfred
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Chang (1976, see also Chang, Tabata, and Pond, 1976) has shown that up to 46% of the kinetic energy associated with horizontal motions in the Strait of Georgia, British Columbia, is contained in broad-banded, low-frequency current oscillations characterised by periods ranging from 4 to over 100 days. The purpose of this thesis is to present a simple dynamical model which may provide a partial explanation of these oscillations. The Strait of Georgia is modelled by an infinitely long, rectangular channel with a bottom that slopes upward to the east. Two choices of the density stratification are studied: (1) a two-layer system and, (2) a system with constant Brunt-Väisälä frequency. Both models admit northward-travelling topographic planetary waves with periods that lie in the observed range. However these models do not accurately predict the vertical distribution of horizontal kinetic energy. In addition several general theorems regarding phase and energy propagation and the vertical structure of these waves in a system with arbitrary continuous stratification are proven. In particular it is shown that both phase and energy propagate northward, and that in a stably stratified system the wave amplitude increases with depth.
The cosmological perturbation theory in loop cosmology with holonomy corrections
Creators: name: Wu, Jian-Pin
name: Ling, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate the scalar mode of first-order metric perturbations over spatially flat FRW spacetime when the holonomy correction is taken into account in the semi-classical framework of loop quantum cosmology. By means of the Hamiltonian derivation, the cosmological perturbation equations is obtained in longitudinal gauge. It turns out that in the presence of metric perturbation the holonomy effects influence both background and perturbations, and contribute the non-trivial terms $S_{h1}$ and $S_{h2}$ in the cosmological perturbation equations.
description: 18 pages,typos corrected, reference added, version published in JCAP
Ubiquitous Charge Order Correlations in High-Temperature Superconducting Cuprates
Creators: name: Uchida, Shin-ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The presence of charge order in high-transition-temperature copper oxides (high-Tc cuprates) was identified a decade ago. Now it is a universally observed order like the antiferromagnetic and the superconducting orders of the cuprates. The charge order shows up in various forms depending on materials, and it overlaps other orders in the phase diagram. Because of this diversity and complexity it has been far from clear whether or not the charge order has a direct relevance to superconductivity and to the mysterious pseudogap phenomenon. However, the research development in the last few years has been successful in revealing universal aspects of the charge order and its fluctuations. It turns out that the charge order is compatible with superconductivity, and that its fluctuations have high onset temperature and high energy scale comparable to those of the pseudogap. The charge order correlations might be indispensable for creating the pseudogap and possibly generating high-Tc superconductivity by collaborating with spin and pairing correlations.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures
Global descent obstructions for varieties
Creators: name: Couveignes, Jean-Marc
name: Hallouin, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 12Y05, 12F10, 11R37

description: We show how to transport descent obstructions from the category of covers to the category of varieties. We deduce examples of curves having $\QQ$ as field of moduli, that admit models over every completion of $\QQ$, but have no model over $\QQ$.
Measurements of the velocity field in the Fraser River plume
Creators: name: Cordes, Ruth Eleanor
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A program of Lagrangian velocity measurements was carried out in the Fraser River plume, at the mouth of the main (south) arm of that river. The data were collected over three days of equatorial tides and three days of tropic tides during the early part of freshet (May 28-31 and June 4-6, 1974). Mini-Fix positioning was used to hand-record positions of the drogues. The data were keypunched and checked for errors, and smoothed positions and velocities were interpolated between the observed points. The experimental data give a more detailed description of the spatial and temporal variations of flow in the plume than was previously available. Tides were found to be the dominant factor controlling the flow. The velocity fields measured on similar stages of the tide were compared and contrasted, noting the effects of winds and Coriolis force. Composite velocity fields were prepared by averaging the data from similar tidal phases. Plots of velocity components as a function of distance were prepared to correspond to most of the composite velocity fields; these provided an alternate way of looking at the results. Examination of the horizontal divergence yielded estimates of the entrainment velocity consistent with those of other investigators.
VLT spectropolarimetry of comet 67P: Dust environment around the end of its intense Southern summer
Creators: name: Kwon, Yuna
name: Bagnulo, Stefano
name: Markkanen, Johannes
name: Agarwal, Jessica
name: Ludmilla, Kolokolova
name: Levasseur-Regourd, Anny-Chantal
name: Snodgrass, Colin
name: Tozzi, Gian P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report our new spectropolarimetric observations for 67P dust over 4,000--9,000 Angstrom using the ESO/Very Large Telescope in January--March 2016 (phase angle ranging $\sim$26--5 deg) to constrain the properties of the dust particles of 67P and therefrom diagnose the dust environment of its coma and near-surface layer at around the end of the Southern summer of the comet. We examined the optical behaviours of the dust, which, together with Rosetta colour data, were used to search for dust evolution with cometocentric distance. Modelling was also conducted to identify the dust attributes compatible with the results. The spectral dependence of the polarisation degree of 67P dust is flatter than found in other dynamical groups of comets in similar observing geometry. The depth of its negative polarisation branch appears to be a bit shallower than in long-period comets and might be getting shallower as 67P repeats its apparitions. Its dust colour shows a change in slope around 5,500 Angstrom, (17.3 $\pm$ 1.4) and (10.9 $\pm$ 0.6) % (1,000 Angstrom)$^{\rm -1}$ for shortward and longward of the wavelength, respectively, which are slightly redder but broadly consistent with the average of Jupiter-Family comets. Observations of 67P dust in this study can be attributed to dust agglomerates of $\sim$100 $μ$m in size detected by Rosetta in early 2016. A porosity of 60 % shows the best match with our polarimetric results, yielding a dust density of $\sim$770 kg m$^{\rm -3}$. Compilation of Rosetta and our data indicates the dust's reddening with increasing nucleus distance, which may be driven by water-ice sublimation as the dust moves out of the nucleus. We estimate the possible volume fraction of water ice in the initially ejected dust as $\sim$6 % (i.e. the refractory-to-ice volume ratio of $\sim$14).
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Designing and Implementing e-School Systems: An Information Systems Approach to School Management of a Community College in Northern Mindanao, Philippines
Creators: name: Grepon, Benzar Glen S.
name: Baran, Niño T.
name: Gumonan, Kenn Migan Vincent C.
name: Martinez, Aldwin Lester M.
name: Lacsa, Mona Liel E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Colleges and Universities have been established to provide educational services to the people. Like any other organization, the school has processes and procedures similar to business or industry that involve admissions, processing of data, and generation of reports. Those processes are made possible through a centralized system in storing, processing, and retrieval of data and information. The absence of a computer system and the complexity of the transactions of the college which makes the personnel be loaded with paper works in storing and keeping student records and information is the motivating factor why the School Management Information System has been designed and developed for a community college in the northern part of Mindanao. This paper discusses the Major Functionalities and Modules of the system through its implementation methodology which is the Agile Model and its impact on the delivery of services and procedures in the overall operation of the college. The project has been evaluated based on ISO 25010, a quality model used for product/software quality evaluation systems. Based on the results of the evaluation, SMIS has been Functional, Usable, and Reliable with an average for every criterion above 4.04 indicating very good performance based on a Likert scale descriptive interpretation. Based on the preceding findings of the study, the respondents agreed that the developed e-school system was functional and lifted the transaction process of the school. The overall quality and performance of the system was very good in terms of functionality, usability, and reliability. It is recommended that future development such as the smartphone and tablet-based attendance monitoring should be integrated, a kiosk for grades and schedule viewing should also be placed inside the campus that is connected to the database server.
description: 17 pages
Ruolo dei recettori tirosinchinasici in oncologia animale
The role of tyrosine kinase receptors in veterinary oncology
Creators: name: Sabattini, Silvia <1982>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: VET/03 Patologia generale e anatomia patologica veterinaria

description: Disregolazioni dei recettori tirosinchinasici (RTK) sono di frequente riscontro nei tumori dell’uomo e in molti casi sono indicatori biologici che permettono di definire in maniera più accurata la prognosi dei pazienti. Possono rappresentare inoltre marker predittivi per la risposta a terapie antitumorali con farmaci a bersaglio molecolare. Numerosi inibitori tirosinchinasici (TKI) sono attualmente in corso di studio o già disponibili per l’utilizzo in oncologia umana, e molti di questi hanno dimostrato una significativa efficacia utilizzati singolarmente o in combinazione a terapie convenzionali. 
Studi recenti indicano che un quadro analogo di disregolazione dei recettori tirosinchinasici è presente anche nelle neoplasie dei piccoli animali, e ne suggeriscono in molti casi un’implicazione prognostica. Gli inibitori tirosinchinasi sono da poco entrati nell’arena dell’oncologia veterinaria, ma i primi risultati lasciano supporre che siano destinati ad essere integrati definitivamente nei protocolli terapeutici standard.
La tesi consiste in una parte introduttiva in cui sono trattate le principali funzioni biologiche dei recettori tirosinchinasici, la loro struttura e il loro ruolo nell’oncogenesi e nella progressione tumorale in medicina umana e veterinaria. Si affrontano inoltre le principali metodiche di laboratorio per l’analisi molecolare in oncologia e i meccanismi d’azione dei farmaci inibitori tirosinchinasici, con un cenno ai prodotti maggiormente utilizzati e alle loro indicazioni. Segue la presentazione e la discussione dei risultati di quattro studi relativi alla valutazione delle disregolazioni del recettore tirosinchinasico Kit (espressione aberrante e mutazioni genomiche) nel mastocitoma cutaneo del gatto e del recettore del fattore di crescita epidermico (EGFR) nel carcinoma squamocellulare cutaneo del gatto e nei tumori polmonari primitivi del cane, con particolare attenzione al loro ruolo prognostico.
description: Protein kinases are enzymes that play key roles in cell signal transduction, regulating pathways critical in cell growth, differentiation, survival and death.
Dysfunction of many protein kinases, particularly the tyrosine kinases, has been identified in a variety of human cancers, and has just begun to be investigated in spontaneous tumours of dogs and cats.
We present the results of four studies aimed at characterizing the dysregulation (aberrant immunohistochemical expression and gene mutations) of Kit receptor tyrosine kinase in feline cutaneous mast cell tumors and the overexpression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in feline squamous cell carcinoma and in canine primary lung cancer. The potential prognostic implications of the observed dysregulation are discussed.
Anthropic Explanation of the Dark Matter Abundance
Creators: name: Freivogel, Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I use Bousso's causal diamond measure to make a statistical prediction for the dark matter abundance, assuming an axion with a large decay constant f_a >> 10^{12} GeV. Using a crude approximation for observer formation, the prediction agrees well with observation: 30% of observers form in regions with less dark matter than we observe, while 70% of observers form in regions with more dark matter. Large values of the dark matter ratio are disfavored by an elementary effect: increasing the amount of dark matter while holding fixed the baryon to photon ratio decreases the number of baryons inside one horizon volume. Thus the prediction is rather insensitive to assumptions about observer formation in universes with much more dark matter than our own. The key assumption is that the number of observers per baryon is roughly independent of the dark matter ratio for ratios near the observed value.
description: 10 pages; v3: published version, references added
Biomarkers in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. Clinical and functional correlations.
Creators: name: Marku, Brunilda <1978>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: MED/10 Malattie dell'apparato respiratorio

description: Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are two distinct lung diseases with distinctive clinical and inflammatory features. A proportion of asthmatic patients experience a fixed airflow obstruction that persists despite optimal pharmacologic treatment for reasons that are still largely unknown. We found that patients with asthma and COPD sharing a similar fixed airflow obstruction have an increased lung function decline and frequency of exacerbations. Nevertheless, the decline in lung function is associated with specific features of the underlying inflammation. Airway inflammation increases during asthma exacerbation and disease severity. Less is known about the correlations between symptoms and airway inflammation in COPD patients. We found that there is no correlation between symptoms and lung function in COPD patients. Nevertheless symptoms changes are associated with specific inflammatory changes: cough is associated with an increase of sputum neutrophils in COPD, dyspnoea is associated with an increase of eosinophils. The mechanisms of this correlation remain unknown. Neutrophils inflammation is associated with bacterial colonization in stable COPD. Is not known whether inhaled corticosteroids might facilitate bacterial colonization in COPD patients. We found that the use of inhaled corticosteroids in COPD patients is associated with an increase of airway bacterial load and with an increase of airway pathogen detection. 
Bacterial and viral infections are the main causes of COPD and asthma exacerbations. Impaired innate immune responses to rhinovirus infections have been described in adult patients with atopic asthma. Whether this impaired immune condition is present early in life and whether is modulated by a concomitant atopic condition is currently unknown. We found that deficient innate immune responses to rhinovirus infection are already present early in life in atopic patients without asthma and in asthmatic subjects. These findings generalize the scenario of increased susceptibility to viral infections to other Th2 oriented conditions.
Bioarte: correlações e desafios na produção com seres vivos
Creators: name: Abreu, Breno Tenório Ramalho
name: Duque, Thatiane Mendes
name: Reis, Igor
Publisher: name: Labfront/UEMG
Year: 2023

description: A abertura do campo da arte, no último século, para novos modos de fazer e pensar o objeto de arte, implica na necessidade de refletirmos mais sobre as materialidades existentes e seus usos. É cada vez mais frequente observar artistas que incorporam seres vivos na produção de seus trabalhos, muitas vezes de maneira colaborativa. Este artigo apresenta correlações entre a produção de três artistas contemporâneos que tem interagido com culturas de seres vivos: abelhas, plantas, bactérias e fungos. Assim, como estudo de caso analisaremos as obras: Abcedário (2017) de Breno Abreu; Habitáveis (2018-2023) de Igor Reis; e Tecidos fúngicos de família (2021) de Thatiane Mendes. Estes trabalhos apontam para várias especificidades e desafios presentes neste tipo de produção em Bioarte que necessitam serem identificadas e investigadas.
Double Exotic States Productions in Pion and Kaon Induced Reactions
Creators: name: Liu, Jing
name: Chen, Dian-Yong
name: He, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present work, we investigate the production of $P_{c}$ and $Z_c(3900)/Z_{cs}(3985)$ states in the processes of $πp \rightarrow Z_{c}(3900) P_{c} $/$Kp\rightarrow Z_{cs}(3985) P_{c}$ with an effective Lagrangian approach. Our estimations indicates that the cross sections depends on the model parameters and beam energies, in particular, the cross sections for $πp \to Z_c(3900) P_c(4312)$ and $πp \to Z_c(3900) P_c(4440)$ are similar and can reach up to 10 nb, while those for $πp \to Z_c(3900) P_c(4457)$ can be 30 nb. As for $Kp \to Z_{cs}(3985)P_c$, the cross sections are about 2.5 times smaller than those for $πp \to Z_c(3900) P_c$. The discussed processes in the present work, especially $πp \to Z_c(3900) P_c(4457)$, may be accessible by the the high-energy pion and kaon beams in the facilities of J-PARC and COMPASS.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Eavesdropping with Intelligent Reflective Surfaces: Threats and Defense Strategies
Creators: name: Malandrino, Francesco
name: Nordio, Alessandro
name: Chiasserini, Carla Fabiana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs) have several prominent advantages, including improving the level of wireless communications security and privacy. In this work, we focus on this aspect and envision a strategy to counteract the presence of passive eavesdroppers overhearing transmissions from a base station towards legitimate users. Unlike most of the existing works addressing passive eavesdropping, the strategy we consider has low complexity and is suitable for scenarios where nodes are equipped with a limited number of antennas. Through our performance evaluation, we highlight the trade-off between the legitimate users' data rate and secrecy rate, and how the system parameters affect such a trade-off.
Stationarity of SLE
Creators: name: Kemppainen, Antti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60J67 (Primary); 82B27 (Secondary)

description: A new method to study a stopped hull of SLE(kappa,rho) is presented. In this approach, the law of the conformal map associated to the hull is invariant under a SLE induced flow. The full trace of a chordal SLE(kappa) can be studied using this approach. Some example calculations are presented.
description: 14 pages with 1 figure