cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Interdependence of the Lowest Third in Agriculture and Industry
Creators: name: Bean, Louis H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1941
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Community/Rural/Urban Development
Labor and Human Capital

description: Excerpt: Let's consider what we choose to regard as the lowest third of our population in terms of their economic and social welfare. For this group in the cities numerous relief measures have been set up in recent years. These include the W.P.A., direct relief, surplus food distribution, free school lunches, and old age assistance. By comparison, little has been done to help the situation of the lowest third in agriculture. It is true that AAA payments have gone to many low income farmers and the Farm Security Administration has helped hundreds of thousands of destitute farmers but the condition of these people in the lowest third is one of the malignant growths in our civilization. At no time is it safe for a nation to allow people to fall behind in economic progress and health, to suffer from underconsumption and malnutrition, but it is even more dangerous in time of emergency.
description: Radio Address, General Electric WGY Farm Forum, Schenectady, New York, January 24, 1941.
A High False Positive Rate for Kepler Planetary Candidates of Giant Stars using Asterodensity Profiling
Creators: name: Sliski, David H.
name: Kipping, David M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Asterodensity Profiling (AP) is a relatively new technique for studying transit light curves. By comparing the mean stellar density derived from the transit light curve to that found through some independent method, AP provides information on several useful properties such as orbital eccentricity and blended light. We present an AP survey of 41 Kepler Objects of Interest (KOIs), with a single transiting candidate, for which the target star's mean stellar density has been measured using asteroseismology. The ensemble distribution of the AP measurements for the 31 dwarf stars in our sample shows excellent agreement with the spread expected if the KOIs were genuine and have realistic eccentricities. In contrast, the same test for the 10 giants in our sample reveals significant incompatibility at 4$σ$ confidence. Whilst extreme eccentricities could be invoked, this hypothesis requires four of the KOIs to contact their host star at periastron passage, including the recently claimed confirmation of Kepler-91b. After carefully examining several hypotheses, we conclude that the most plausible explanation is that the transiting objects orbit a different star to that measured with asteroseismology - cases we define as false-positives. Based on the AP distribution, we estimate a false positive rate for Kepler's giant stars with a single transiting object of FPR$\simeq70\pm30$%.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables. Accepted in ApJ
Trap-assisted space charge limited transport in short channel MoS2 transistor
Creators: name: Ghatak, Subhamoy
name: Ghosh, Arindam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present temperature dependent $I-V$ measurements of short channel MoS$_2$ field effect devices at high source-drain bias. We find that although the $I-V$ characteristics are Ohmic at low bias, the conduction becomes space charge limited at high $V_{DS}$ and existence of an exponential distribution of trap states was observed. The temperature independent critical drain-source voltage ($V_c$) was also determined. The density of trap states was quantitatively calculated from $V_c$. The possible origin of exponential trap distribution in these devices is also discussed.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Extremely Low Loss Phonon-Trapping Cryogenic Acoustic Cavities for Future Physical Experiments
Creators: name: Galliou, S.
name: Goryachev, M.
name: Bourquin, R.
name: Abbé, Ph.
name: Aubry, J. -P.
name: Tobar, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low loss Bulk Acoustic Wave devices are considered from the point of view of the solid state approach as phonon-confining cavities. We demonstrate effective design of such acoustic cavities with phonon-trapping techniques exhibiting extremely high quality factors for trapped longitudinally-polarized phonons of various wavelengths. Quality factors of observed modes exceed 1 billion, with a maximum $Q$-factor of 8 billion and $Q\times f$ product of $1.6\cdot10^{18}$ at liquid helium temperatures. Such high sensitivities allow analysis of intrinsic material losses in resonant phonon systems. Various mechanisms of phonon losses are discussed and estimated.
Trichys Gunther 1877
Creators: name: Woods, Charles A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Hystricidae
Trichys

description: Trichys Günther, 1877. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1876:739 [1877]. TYPE SPECIES: Trichys lipura Günther, 1877 (= Hystrix fasciculata Shaw, 1801). COMMENTS: Reviewed by Van Weers (1976).
description: Published as part of Charles A. Woods, 1993, Order Rodentia - Suborder Hystricognathi, pp. 771-806 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 774, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353083
description: {"references": ["van Weers, D. J. 1976. Notes on Southeast Asian porcupines (Hystricidae, Rodentia) I. On the taxonomy of the genus Trichys Gunther, 1877. Beaufortia (University of Amsterdam), 25 (319): 15 - 31."]}
A Wavelet Melt Detection Algorithm Applied to Enhanced Resolution Scatterometer Data over Antarctica (2000-2009)
Creators: name: Steiner, N.
name: Tedesco, Marco
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Wavelets (Mathematics)
subject: Meltwater
subject: Climatic geomorphology
subject: Geomorphology
subject: Ice sheets--Measurement
subject: Ice sheets
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Climatic changes

description: Melting is mapped over Antarctica at a high spatial resolution using a novel melt detection algorithm based on wavelets and multiscale analysis. The method is applied to Ku-band (13.4 GHz) normalized backscattering measured by SeaWinds onboard the satellite QuikSCAT and spatially enhanced on a 5 km grid over the operational life of the sensor (1999–2009). Wavelet-based estimates of melt spatial extent and duration are compared with those obtained by means of threshold-based detection methods, where melting is detected when the measured backscattering is 3 dB below the preceding winter mean value. Results from both methods are assessed by means of automatic weather station (AWS) air surface temperature records. The yearly melting index, the product of melted area and melting duration, found using a fixed threshold and wavelet-based melt algorithm are found to have a relative difference within 7% for all years. Most of the difference between melting records determined from QuikSCAT is related to short-duration backscatter changes identified as melting using the threshold methodology but not the wavelet-based method. The ability to classify melting based on relative persistence is a critical aspect of the wavelet-based algorithm. Compared with AWS air-temperature records, both methods show a relative agreement to within 10% based on estimated melt conditions, although the fixed threshold generally finds a greater agreement with AWS. Melting maps obtained with the wavelet-based approach are also compared with those obtained from spaceborne brightness temperatures recorded by the Special Sensor Microwave/Image (SSM/I). With respect to passive microwave records, we find a higher degree of agreement (9% relative difference) for the melting index using the wavelet-based approach than threshold-based methods (11% relative difference).
Additional file 1 of Long-term methylphenidate use for children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and risk for depression, conduct disorder, and psychotic disorder: a nationwide longitudinal cohort study in South Korea
Creators: name: Park, Jimyung
name: Lee, Dong Yun
name: Kim, Chungsoo
name: Lee, Yo Han
name: Yang, Su-Jin
name: Lee, Sangha
name: Kim, Seong-Ju
name: Lee, Jeewon
name: Park, Rae Woong
name: Shin, Yunmi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Flowchart of the study population investigating the incidence of conduct disorder and ODD. Figure S2. Flowchart of the study population investigating the incidence of psychotic disorder. Figure S3. Absolute standardized mean differences before and after propensity score matching in the primary analysis. A, standardized mean differences when outcome is depressive disorder. B, standardized mean differences when outcome is conduct disorder and ODD. C, standardized mean differences when outcome is psychotic disorder. Figure S4. Absolute standardized mean differences before and after propensity score matching in the all settings of sensitivity analysis. Table S1. Standardized OMOP code list used in the cohort definition. Table S2. Baseline characteristics of the study population investigating conduct disorder and ODD in the primary analysis. Table S3. Baseline characteristics of the study population investigating psychotic disorder in the primary analysis. Table S4. Comparison between methylphenidate long-term and short-term users among ADHD patients using different treatment periods. Table S5. Comparison between methylphenidate long-term and short-term users among ADHD patients who never exposed to other anti-ADHD medications. Table S6. Comparison between methylphenidate non-users and methylphenidate long-term/short-term users.
21st century projections of surface mass balance changes for major drainage systems of the Greenland ice sheet
Creators: name: Tedesco, Marco
name: Fettweis, X.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Hydrology
subject: Meltwater
subject: Geomorphology
subject: Runoff
subject: Climatic geomorphology
subject: Ice sheets
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Climatic changes

description: Outputs from the regional climate model Modèle Atmosphérique Régionale at a spatial resolution of 25 km are used to study 21st century projected surface mass balance (SMB) over six major drainage basins of the Greenland ice sheet (GrIS). The regional model is forced with the outputs of three different Earth System Models (CanESM2, NorESM1 and MIROC5) obtained when considering two greenhouse gas future scenarios with levels of CO₂ equivalent of, respectively, 850 and >1370 ppm by 2100. Results indicate that the increase in runoff due to warming will exceed the increased precipitation deriving from the increase in evaporation for all basins, with the amount of net loss of mass at the surface varying spatially. Basins along the southwest and north coast are projected to have the highest sensitivity of SMB to increasing temperatures. For these basins, the global temperature anomaly corresponding to a decrease of the SMB below the 1980–99 average (when the ice sheet was near the equilibrium) ranges between +0.60 and +2.16 °C. For the basins along the northwest and northeast, these values range between +1.50 and +3.40 °C. Our results are conservative as they do not account for ice dynamics and changes in the ice sheet topography.
The power spectrum of systematics in cosmic shear tomography and the bias on cosmological parameters
Creators: name: Cardone, V. F.
name: Martinelli, M.
name: Calabrese, E.
name: Galli, S.
name: Huang, Z.
name: Maoli, R.
name: Melchiorri, A.
name: Scaramella, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmic shear tomography has emerged as one of the most promising tools to both investigate the nature of dark energy and discriminate between General Relativity and modified gravity theories. In order to successfully achieve these goals, systematics in shear measurements have to be taken into account; their impact on the weak lensing power spectrum has to be carefully investigated in order to estimate the bias induced on the inferred cosmological parameters. To this end, we develop here an efficient tool to compute the power spectrum of systematics by propagating, in a realistic way, shear measurement, source properties and survey setup uncertainties. Starting from analytical results for unweighted moments and general assumptions on the relation between measured and actual shear, we derive analytical expressions for the multiplicative and additive bias, showing how these terms depend not only on the shape measurement errors, but also on the properties of the source galaxies (namely, size, magnitude and spectral energy distribution). We are then able to compute the amplitude of the systematics power spectrum and its scaling with redshift, while we propose a multigaussian expansion to model in a non-parametric way its angular scale dependence. Our method allows to self-consistently propagate the systematics uncertainties to the finally observed shear power spectrum, thus allowing us to quantify the departures from the actual spectrum. We show that even a modest level of systematics can induce non-negligible deviations, thus leading to a significant bias on the recovered cosmological parameters.
description: 19 pages, 5 tables, 4 figures
BSGatlas analysis scripts
Creators: name: Geissler, Adrian Sven
name: Anthon, Christian
name: Alkan, Ferhat
name: González-Tortuero, Enrique
name: Poulsen, Line Dahl
name: Kallehauge, Thomas Beuchert
name: Breüner, Anne
name: Seemann, Stefan Ernst
name: Vinther, Jeppe
name: Gorodkin, Jan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Annotation
Operon
Bacteria
Transcripts
Genome Browser

description: The Bacillus Subtilis Genome atlas (BSGatlas) was obtained by integrating and curating existing annotation sources. The annotation is available as a genome browser hub and as a standardized GFF3 download. See: https://rth.dk/resources/bsgatlas/
 The browser enables a user to directly compare their experimental data with the annotation which was not directly possible beforehand. This tar archive contains all analysis scripts that were used in parsing the external resources, integrating them, and afterwards generating the hub and GFF file. This archive also contains intermediate results and the code that generated the figures in the publication. The GFF files and genome sequence are also available under https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4305869
Limits on the Number of Galactic Young Supernova Remnants Emitting in the Decay Lines of 44Ti
Creators: name: Dufour, François
name: Kaspi, Victoria M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revise the assumptions of the parameters involved in predicting the number of supernova remnants detectable in the nuclear lines of the decay chain of 44Ti. Specifically, we consider the distribution of the supernova progenitors, the supernova rate in the Galaxy, the ratios of supernova types, the Galactic production of 44Ti, and the 44Ti yield from supernovae of different types, to derive credible bounds on the expected number of detectable remnants. We find that, within 1 sigma uncertainty, the Galaxy should contain an average of 5.1+2.4-2.0 remnants detectable to a survey with a 44Ti decay line flux limit of 10E-5 photons/cm2/s, with a probability of detecting a single remnant of (2.7+10.0-2.4)%, and an expected number of detections between 2 and 9 remnants, making the single detection of Cas A unlikely but consistent with our models. Our results show that the probability of detecting the brightest 44Ti flux source at the high absolute Galactic longitude of Cas A or above is ~10%. Using the detected flux of Cas A, we attempt to constrain the Galactic supernova rate and Galactic production of 44Ti, but find the detection to be only weakly informative. We conclude that even future surveys having 200 times more sensitivity than state-of-the art surveys can be guaranteed to detect only a few new remnants, with an expected number of detections between 8 and 21 at a limiting 44Ti decay flux of 10E-7 photons/cm2/s.
description: ApJ in press, 21 pages, 9 figures
New Yorkers Negatively Impacted by Hurricane Sandy: How are They Faring Since?
Creators: name: Wimer, Christopher T.
name: Raker, Ethan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Natural disasters--Economic aspects
Natural disasters--Social aspects
Hurricane Sandy (2012)
Social service

description: Hurricane Sandy, which hit New York City on October 29, 2012, was one of the worst weather-related disasters to hit New York City in decades. In far-flung parts of the city, the storm wreaked havoc on New York City residents and their communities. Some were stranded in their homes without power, others lost vehicles, belongings, or even their homes to catastrophic damage, and still others were injured or even lost their lives. And for some, the storm was a direct hit to the pocketbook, as the results of the storm caused them to lose pay or even their job altogether. The extent of Hurricane Sandy’s immediate impact was fairly well documented shortly after the storm. This brief focuses on what happened since. We find that a year after Hurricane Sandy landed in New York City, those who were negatively impacted by the storm are experiencing elevated levels of material hardships, independent of their disadvantages and hardships prior to the storm.
Additional file 1 of Examining inclusivity: the use of AI and diverse populations in health and social care: a systematic review
Creators: name: Marko, John Gabriel O.
name: Neagu, Ciprian Daniel
name: Anand, P. B.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Trichys fasciculata
Creators: name: Woods, Charles A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Hystricidae
Trichys
Trichys fasciculata

description: Trichys fasciculata (Shaw, 1801). Gen. Zool., 2:11. TYPE LOCALITY: " Malacca ", but no holotype. Van Weers (1976) designated a neotype from "Runuk Tanjong." Malaysia. DISTRIBUTION: Borneo, Sumatra, Malaya. SYNONYMS: guentheri, lipura, macrotis. COMMENTS: Medway (1977: 135) considered lipura a distinct species, but did not mention Van Weers (1976).
description: Published as part of Charles A. Woods, 1993, Order Rodentia - Suborder Hystricognathi, pp. 771-806 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 774, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353083
description: {"references": ["van Weers, D. J. 1976. Notes on Southeast Asian porcupines (Hystricidae, Rodentia) I. On the taxonomy of the genus Trichys Gunther, 1877. Beaufortia (University of Amsterdam), 25 (319): 15 - 31.", "Medway, L. 1977. Mammals of Borneo: Field keys and an annotated checklist. Second ed. Monograph, Malay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 7: 1 - 172."]}
Re-Visiting the Family Gap in Pay in the United States
Creators: name: Pal, Ipshita
name: Waldfogel, Jane
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Sex discrimination in employment
Wages--Working mothers
Social service
Economics

description: Previous studies have examined the family gap in pay – the differential in hourly wages between women with children and women without children - at a point in time, across groups, or across countries, but we know little about whether, and how, the family gap has changed over time. We provide new evidence on this question for the United States from 1977 to 2007, using data from the 1978, 1988, 1998, and 2008 March Current Population Survey and a consistent set of methods to adjust for selection into motherhood and employment. We find that for women overall, after accounting for selection into motherhood, the penalty to motherhood in 2007 is similar to 1977. However, the results differ by race/ethnicity, education level, and marital status; most importantly, we find that the magnitude of the family gap has declined in recent decades for married mothers, but increased for never married mothers.
Waging War on Poverty: Historical Trends in Poverty Using the Supplemental Poverty Measure
Creators: name: Fox, Liana
name: Garfinkel, Irv
name: Kaushal, Neeraj
name: Waldfogel, Jane
name: Wimer, Christopher T.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Poverty--Historiography
Poverty--Government policy
Poverty--Measurement
Social service
Economics
Public policy (Law)

description: Using data from the Consumer Expenditure Survey and the March Current Population Survey, we calculate historical poverty estimates based on the new Supplemental Poverty Measure (SPM) from 1967 to 2012. During this period, poverty as officially measured has stagnated. However, the official poverty measure (OPM) does not account for the effect of near-cash transfers on the financial resources available to families, an important omission since such transfers have become an increasingly important part of government anti-poverty policy. Applying the SPM, which does count such transfers, we find that historical trends in poverty have been more favorable than the OPM suggests and that government policies have played an important and growing role in reducing poverty --- a role that is not evident when the OPM is used to assess poverty. We also find that government programs have played a particularly important role in alleviating child poverty and deep poverty, especially during economic downturns.
Additional file 2 of Examining inclusivity: the use of AI and diverse populations in health and social care: a systematic review
Creators: name: Marko, John Gabriel O.
name: Neagu, Ciprian Daniel
name: Anand, P. B.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 2
The Great Recession and Mother’s Health
Creators: name: Currie, Janet
name: Duque, Valentina
name: Garfinkel, Irwin
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Global Financial Crisis (2008-2009)
Mothers--Mental health
Unemployment--Health aspects
Mothers--Health and hygiene
Social service
Economics
Public health

description: We investigate the impacts of the dramatic increases in state unemployment rates that accompanied the Great Recession on the health of women with children using the last two waves of the Fragile Families and Child Well-being Study. We focus on a wide range of physical and mental health outcomes, as well as health behaviors. Our findings from individual fixed effects models suggest heterogeneous impacts across demographic and socioeconomic groups. While a rise in the unemployment rate worsened the physical and mental health, and increased the likelihood of smoking and using drugs for disadvantaged women (minorities, unmarried, and those with low education), the crisis may have actually improved the mental health of more advantaged women (Whites, marrieds, and high education) as well as improving their physical health in some respects: Whites were less likely to be obese and highly educated mothers were less likely to have health problems. High unemployment rates also increased the odds of smoking and drinking for more educated and White women. Our results confirm the importance of controlling for individual fixed effects to identify the causal impact of unemployment as well as the importance of considering heterogeneous impacts across groups.
The Family Gap in Pay: New Evidence for 1993 to 2013
Creators: name: Pal, Ipshita
name: Waldfogel, Jane
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Sex discrimination in employment
Wages--Women
Wages--Working mothers
Social service
Economics
Women's studies

description: This paper provides new evidence on the family gap in pay – the differential in hourly wages between women with children and women without children. We focus on the period 1993 to 2013, two decades that include important welfare reforms as well as contrasting economic cycles. We use data from the Current Population Survey and adjust for selection into motherhood, by estimating ordinary least square models and applying augmented inverse probability of treatment weighting, using the standard doubly robust estimator. For women overall, we find a decline in the family gap over this period from 6-7% in 1993-1995 to about 1% in 2011-2013. However, results vary by marital status, education, race/ethnicity, immigration status, temporal flexibility, and occupation. The most striking difference we find is between mothers who are married and those who are not. The family penalty declined for married mothers and was replaced by a wage bonus in the most recent time period, whereas for unmarried mothers, a wage penalty persisted throughout the two decades, rising to a notable high of 10% in the period 1996-1998.
A Near-Infrared Transmission Spectrum for the Warm Saturn HAT-P-12b
Creators: name: Line, Michael R.
name: Knutson, Heather
name: Deming, Drake
name: Wilkins, Ashlee
name: Desert, Jean-Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a HST WFC3 transmission spectrum for the transiting exoplanet HAT-P-12b. This warm (1000 K) sub-Saturn-mass planet has a smaller mass and a lower temperature than the hot-Jupiters that have been studied so far. We find that the planet's measured transmission spectrum lacks the expected water absorption feature for a hydrogen-dominated atmosphere, and is instead best-described by a model with high-altitude clouds. Using a frequentist hypothesis testing procedure, we can rule out a hydrogen-dominated cloud free atmosphere to 4.9$σ$. When combined with other recent WFC3 studies, our observations suggest that clouds may be common in exo-planetary atmospheres.
description: Accepted
Trends in Poverty with an Anchored Supplemental Poverty Measure
Creators: name: Wimer, Christopher T.
name: Fox, Liana
name: Garfinkel, Irv
name: Kaushal, Neeraj
name: Waldfogel, Jane
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Poverty--Historiography
Poverty--Measurement
Social service
Economics

description: Poverty measures set a poverty line or threshold and then evaluate resources against that threshold. The official poverty measure is flawed on both counts: it uses thresholds that are outdated and are not adjusted appropriately for the needs of different types of individuals and households; and it uses an incomplete measure of resources which fails to take into account the full range of income and expenses that individuals and households have. Because of these (and other) failings, statistics using the official poverty measure do not provide an accurate picture of poverty or the role of government policies in combating poverty. To address these well-known limitations, the Census Bureau recently implemented a supplemental poverty measure (SPM) which applies an improved set of thresholds and a more comprehensive measure of resources. In this report we apply an alternative poverty measure which differs from the SPM in only one respect. Instead of having a threshold that is re-calculated over time, we use today’s threshold and carry it back historically by adjusting it for inflation using the CPI-U-RS. Because this alternative measure is anchored with today’s SPM threshold, we refer to as an anchored supplemental poverty measure or anchored SPM for short. In addition to the reasons discussed above, another advantage of an anchored SPM (or any absolute poverty measure, for that matter) is that poverty trends resulting from such a measure can be explained by changes in income and net transfer payments (cash or in kind). Trends in poverty based on a relative measure (e.g. SPM poverty), on the other hand, could be due to over time changes in thresholds. Thus, an anchored SPM arguably provides a cleaner measure of how changes in income and net transfer payments have affected poverty historically
The Strength of Friendship Ties in Proximity Sensor Data
Creators: name: Sekara, Vedran
name: Lehmann, Sune
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Understanding how people interact and socialize is important in many contexts from disease control to urban planning. Datasets that capture this specific aspect of human life have increased in size and availability over the last few years. We have yet to understand, however, to what extent such electronic datasets may serve as a valid proxy for real life social interactions. For an observational dataset, gathered using mobile phones, we analyze the problem of identifying transient and non-important links, as well as how to highlight important social interactions. Applying the Bluetooth signal strength parameter to distinguish between observations, we demonstrate that weak links, compared to strong links, have a lower probability of being observed at later times, while such links--on average--also have lower link-weights and probability of sharing an online friendship. Further, the role of link-strength is investigated in relation to social network properties.
description: Updated Introduction, added references. 12 pages, 7 figures
Additional file 1 of A qualitative analysis of unintended effects of a digital conditional cash transfer intervention to encourage healthcare utilization in Southern Madagascar
Creators: name: Franke, Mara Anna
name: Neumann, Anne
name: Nordmann, Kim
name: Suleymanova, Daniela
name: Ravololohanitra, Onja Gabrielle
name: Knauss, Samuel
name: Emmrich, Julius Valentin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: Medicine
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Supplementary Material 1.
Prospects for the Detection of Fast Radio Bursts with the Murchison Widefield Array
Creators: name: Trott, Cathryn M.
name: Tingay, Steven J.
name: Wayth, Randall B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs) are short timescale (<<1 s) astrophysical radio signals, presumed to be a signature of cataclysmic events of extragalactic origin. The discovery of six high-redshift events at ~1400 MHz from the Parkes radio telescope suggests that FRBs may occur at a high rate across the sky. The Murchison Widefield Array (MWA) operates at low radio frequencies (80-300 MHz) and is expected to detect FRBs due to its large collecting area (~2500 m^2) and wide field-of-view (FOV, ~1000 square degrees at nu=200 MHz). We compute the expected number of FRB detections for the MWA assuming a source population consistent with the reported detections. Our formalism properly accounts for the frequency-dependence of the antenna primary beam, the MWA system temperature, and unknown spectral index of the source population, for three modes of FRB detection: coherent; incoherent; and fast imaging. We find that the MWA's sensitivity and large FOV combine to provide the expectation of multiple detectable events per week in all modes, potentially making it an excellent high time resolution science instrument. Deviations of the expected number of detections from actual results will provide a strong constraint on the assumptions made for the underlying source population and intervening plasma distribution.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letters
Monetary Policy Rules in a Non-Rational World: A Macroeconomic Experiment
Creators: name: Mauersberger, Felix
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Interest rates-Econometric models
Macroeconomics
Economic forecasting
Economics

description: I introduce a new learning-to-forecast experimental design, where subjects in a virtual New-Keynesian macroeconomy based on Woodford (2013) need to forecast individual instead of aggregate outcomes. This approach is motivated by the critique of Preston (2005) and Woodford (2013) that substituting arbitrary forms of expectations into the reduced-form New-Keynesian model (consisting of the “DIS” equation, the “Phillips curve” and the “Taylor” rule) is inconsistent with its microfoundations. Using this design, I analyze the impact of different interest rate rules on expectation formation and expectation-driven fluctuations. Even if the Taylor principle is fulfilled, instead of quickly converging to the REE, the experimental economy exhibits persistent purely expectation-driven fluctuations not necessarily around the REE. Only a particularly aggressive monetary authority achieves the elimination of these fluctuations and quick convergence to the REE. To explain the aggregate behavior in the experiment, I develop a “noisy” adaptive learning approach, introducing endogenous shocks into a simple adaptive learning model. However, I find that for some monetary policy regimes a reinforcement learning model, applied to different forecasting rules, provides a better fit to the data.
Non-Equilibrium 2PI Potential and Its Possible Application to Evaluation of Bulk Viscosity
Creators: name: Ivanov, Yu. B.
name: Voskresensky, D. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within non-equilibrium Green's function technique on the real-time contour and the two-particle-irreducable (2PI) $Φ$-functional method, a non-equilibrium potential is introduced. It naturally generalizes the conventional thermodynamic potential with which it coincides in thermal equilibrium. Variations of the non-equilibrium potential over respective parameters result in the same quantities as those of the thermodynamic potential but in arbitrary non-equilibrium. In particular, for slightly non-equilibrium inhomogeneous configurations a variation of the non-equilibrium potential over volume is associated with the trace of the non-equilibrium stress tensor. The latter is related to the bulk viscosity. This provides a novel way for evaluation of the bulk viscosity.
description: 16 pages, references added. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:hep-ph/9807351
Democracy for Polarized Committees: The Tale of Blotto’s Lieutenants
Creators: name: Casella, Alessandra M.
name: Laslier, Jean-François
name: Macé, Antonin
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Voting research
subject: Voting--Mathematical models
subject: Polarization (Social sciences)
subject: Economics
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: In polarized committees, majority voting disenfranchises the minority. Allowing voters to spend freely a fixed budget of votes over multiple issues restores some minority power. However, it also creates a complex strategic scenario: a hide-and-seek game between majority and minority voters that corresponds to a decentralized version of the Colonel Blotto game. We offer theoretical results and bring the game to the laboratory. The minority wins as frequently as theory predicts, despite subjects deviating from equilibrium strategies. Because subjects understand the logic of the game — minority voters must concentrate votes unpredictably — the exact choices are of secondary importance.
Petromuridae Tullberg 1899
Creators: name: Woods, Charles A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Petromuridae

description: Family Petromuridae Tullberg, 1899. Ueber das System der Nagethiere, p. 147. SYNONYMS: Petromyidae. COMMENTS: Swanepoel et al. (1980: 161) employed Petromuridae instead of Petromyidae for this family (see Petromus). The group had an elaborate Tertiary radiation composed of at least two subfamilies and seven known genera.
description: Published as part of Charles A. Woods, 1993, Order Rodentia - Suborder Hystricognathi, pp. 771-806 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 774, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353083
description: {"references": ["Swanepoel, P., R. H. N. Smithers, and I. L. Rautenbach. 1980. A checklist and numbering system of the extant mammals of the Southern African Subregion. Annals of the Transvaal Museum, 32: 155 - 196."]}
How Do Hospitals Respond to Medicaid Managed Care? Evidence from Low Birth Weight Infants in New York
Creators: name: Lee, Ajin
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Birth weight, Low
Medical care, Cost of
Medical economics
Medicaid--Evaluation
Economics

description: Despite widespread adoption across the United States, there is little empirical evidence on whether Medicaid managed care (MMC) reduces costs without compromising health outcomes. This paper exploits an arbitrary component of MMC enrollment in New York to examine the causal effects of MMC on hospital responses and newborn health. During the study period, infants with birth weight below 1,200 grams were excluded from MMC and were instead served through the traditional fee-for-service (FFS) system. Using a regression discontinuity design framework, I find that infants enrolled in MMC stay fewer days in the hospital following birth and thus have less expensive visits. I show that this is driven by birth hospitals retaining more infants enrolled in FFS while transferring away those enrolled in MMC to another hospital. The effects are stronger when the birth hospital is spatially constrained and for infants with high predicted list prices. I find little effect on short-term health measured by mortality during hospitalization and the incidence of readmissions. I show that hospitals engage in these behaviors only when they have a high-quality hospital in close proximity, suggesting that hospitals do not sacrifice quality of care for cost reductions.
Petromus A. Smith 1831
Creators: name: Woods, Charles A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Petromuridae
Petromus

description: Petromus A. Smith, 1831. S. Afr. Quart. J., 1 (5):10. TYPE SPECIES: Petromus typicus A. Smith, 1831. SYNONYMS: Petromys. COMMENTS: Originally named Petromus, but unjustifiably emended to Petromys by Smith (1834), see Swanepoel et al. (1980:161).
description: Published as part of Charles A. Woods, 1993, Order Rodentia - Suborder Hystricognathi, pp. 771-806 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 774, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353083
description: {"references": ["Swanepoel, P., R. H. N. Smithers, and I. L. Rautenbach. 1980. A checklist and numbering system of the extant mammals of the Southern African Subregion. Annals of the Transvaal Museum, 32: 155 - 196."]}
Hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonds in β-sheet formation
Creators: name: Narayanan, Chitra
name: Dias, Cristiano L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In this study, we investigate interactions of extended conformations of homodimeric peptides made of small (glycine or alanine) and large hydrophobic (valine or leucine) sidechains using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations to decipher driving forces for β-sheet formation. We make use of a periodic boundary condition setup in which individual peptides are infinitely long and stretched. Dimers adopt β-sheet conformations at short interpeptide distances (ξ~ 0.5 nm) and at intermediate distances (~ 0.8 nm), valine and leucine homodimers assume cross-β-like conformations with side chains interpenetrating each other. These two states are identified as minima in the Potential of Mean Force (PMF). While the number of interpeptide hydrogen bonds increases with decreasing interpeptide distance, the total hydrogen bond number in the system does not change significantly, suggesting that formation of β-sheet structures from extended conformations is not driven by hydrogen bonds. This is supported by an increase in electrostatic energy at short interpeptide distances. A remarkable correlation between the volume of the system and the total electrostatic energy is observed, further reinforcing the idea that excluding water in proteins comes with an enthalpic penalty. We also discuss microscopic mechanisms accounting for β-sheet formation based on computed enthalpy and entropy and we show that they are different for peptides with small and large side chains.
Additional file 1 of Bridging the gap: access to health care and control of type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension and bronchial asthma among Egyptian women
Creators: name: Elmeshmeshy, Eman Ibrahim
name: Abdelaziz, Basma
name: Soliman, Saeed
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Virtual Lung Screening Trial (VLST): An In Silico Study Inspired by the National Lung Screening Trial for Lung Cancer Detection
Creators: name: Tushar, Fakrul Islam
name: Vancoillie, Liesbeth
name: McCabe, Cindy
name: Kavuri, Amareswararao
name: Dahal, Lavsen
name: Harrawood, Brian
name: Fryling, Milo
name: Zarei, Mojtaba
name: Sotoudeh-Paima, Saman
name: Ho, Fong Chi
name: Ghosh, Dhrubajyoti
name: Harowicz, Michael R.
name: Tailor, Tina D.
name: Luo, Sheng
name: Segars, W. Paul
name: Abadi, Ehsan
name: Lafata, Kyle J.
name: Lo, Joseph Y.
name: Samei, Ehsan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Clinical imaging trials play a crucial role in advancing medical innovation but are often costly, inefficient, and ethically constrained. Virtual Imaging Trials (VITs) present a solution by simulating clinical trial components in a controlled, risk-free environment. The Virtual Lung Screening Trial (VLST), an in silico study inspired by the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST), illustrates the potential of VITs to expedite clinical trials, minimize risks to participants, and promote optimal use of imaging technologies in healthcare. This study aimed to show that a virtual imaging trial platform could investigate some key elements of a major clinical trial, specifically the NLST, which compared Computed tomography (CT) and chest radiography (CXR) for lung cancer screening. With simulated cancerous lung nodules, a virtual patient cohort of 294 subjects was created using XCAT human models. Each virtual patient underwent both CT and CXR imaging, with deep learning models, the AI CT-Reader and AI CXR-Reader, acting as virtual readers to perform recall patients with suspicion of lung cancer. The primary outcome was the difference in diagnostic performance between CT and CXR, measured by the Area Under the Curve (AUC). The AI CT-Reader showed superior diagnostic accuracy, achieving an AUC of 0.92 (95% CI: 0.90-0.95) compared to the AI CXR-Reader's AUC of 0.72 (95% CI: 0.67-0.77). Furthermore, at the same 94% CT sensitivity reported by the NLST, the VLST specificity of 73% was similar to the NLST specificity of 73.4%. This CT performance highlights the potential of VITs to replicate certain aspects of clinical trials effectively, paving the way toward a safe and efficient method for advancing imaging-based diagnostics.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, Appendices; Accepted at Medical Image Analysis
Additional file 1 of Bargaining with patriarchy through the life course: obstacles faced (and overcome) by women leaders in Kerala’s health sector
Creators: name: Nambiar, Devaki
name: Benny, Gloria
name: Sankar D, Hari
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Interview guide.
A New Look at Higgs Constraints on Stops
Creators: name: Fan, JiJi
name: Reece, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simple new way to visualize the constraints of Higgs coupling measurements on light stops in natural SUSY scenarios beyond the MSSM, which works directly in the plane of stop mass eigenvalues (with no need to make assumptions about mixing angles). For given stop mass eigenvalues, the smallest value of $X_t$ that can bring the correction to the $h \to gg$ and $h\to γγ$ couplings into agreement with data is computed. Requiring that this $X_t$ is consistent--i.e. that the chosen mass eigenvalues can be the outcome of diagonalizing a matrix with a given off-diagonal term--rules out the possibility that both stops have a mass below $\approx$ 400 GeV. Requiring that $X_t$ is not fine-tuned for agreement with the data shows that neither stop can be lighter than $\approx$ 100 GeV. These constraints are interesting because, unlike direct searches, they apply no matter how stops decay, and suggest a minimum electroweak fine-tuning of between a factor of 5 and 10. We show that a multi-parameter fit can slightly weaken this conclusion by allowing a large Higgs coupling to $b$-quarks, but only if a second Higgs boson is within reach of experiment. Certain models, like $R$-symmetric models with Dirac gauginos, are much more strongly constrained because they predict negligible $X_t$. We illustrate how the constraints will evolve given precise measurements at future colliders (HL-LHC, ILC, and TLEP), and comment on the more difficult case of Folded Supersymmetry.
description: v2: references added, accepted by JHEP
A Study of Cooling Time Reduction of Interferometric Cryogenic Gravitational Wave Detectors Using a High-Emissivity Coating
Creators: name: Sakakibara, Y.
name: Kimura, N.
name: Suzuki, T.
name: Yamamoto, K.
name: Chen, D.
name: Koike, S.
name: Tokoku, C.
name: Uchiyama, T.
name: Ohashi, M.
name: Kuroda, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In interferometric cryogenic gravitational wave detectors, there are plans to cool mirrors and their suspension systems (payloads) in order to reduce thermal noise, that is, one of the fundamental noise sources. Because of the large payload masses (several hundred kg in total) and their thermal isolation, a cooling time of several months is required. Our calculation shows that a high-emissivity coating (e.g. a diamond-like carbon (DLC) coating) can reduce the cooling time effectively by enhancing radiation heat transfer. Here, we have experimentally verified the effect of the DLC coating on the reduction of the cooling time.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures, Proceedings of CEC/ICMC 2013