cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Uncovering Determinants of Latino Food Insecurity Prevalence: A Case Study on Siler City, North Carolina
Creators: name: Boelkins, Christina
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) defines food insecurity as “the
limited or uncertain availability of nutritionally adequate and safe foods, or limited or uncertain
ability to acquire acceptable foods in socially acceptable ways.” In the United States, racial and
ethnic minorities are disproportionately affected by food insecurity. This thesis focuses primarily
on food insecurity amongst Latino households in Siler City, North Carolina. Siler City has one of
the largest percentages of residents that identify as either Hispanic or Latino in the state of North
Carolina. In this thesis, I argue that Siler City’s growing poultry industry is a driver for the
town’s rising Latino population, and that the intricacies of the poultry industry, from its hiring
practices to the nature of poultry processing work, exacerbates food insecurity prevalence among
Siler City’s Latino population. I also argue that emergency food assistance organizations play a
vital role in ensuring that Siler City’s Latino population has access to sufficient food sources.
Day-to-Night Road Scene Image Translation Using Semantic Segmentation
Creators: name: Baek, Seung Youp
name: Lee, Sungkil
Publisher: name: The Eurographics Association
Year: 2020
Subjects: Computing methodologies
Computational photography
Image processing

description: We present a semi-automated framework that translates day-time domain road scene images to those for the night-time domain. Unlike recent studies based on the Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), we avoid learning for the translation without random failures. Our framework uses semantic annotation to extract scene elements, perceives a scene structure/depth, and applies per-element translation. Experimental results demonstrate that our framework can synthesize higher-resolution results without artifacts in the translation.
description: Pacific Graphics Short Papers, Posters, and Work-in-Progress Papers
description: Posters
description: 47
description: 48
description: Seung Youp Baek and Sungkil Lee
description: CCS Concepts: Computing methodologies --> Computational photography; Image processing
Local and global well-posedness for the 2D Zakharov-Kuznetsov-Burgers equation in low regularity Sobolev space
Creators: name: Hirayama, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In the present paper, we consider the Cauchy problem of the 2D Zakharov-Kuznetsov-Burgers (ZKB) equation, which has the dissipative term $-\partial_x^2u$. This is known that the 2D Zakharov-Kuznetsov equation is well-posed in $H^s(\mathbb{R}^2)$ for $s>1/2$, and the 2D nonlinear parabolic equation with quadratic derivative nonlinearity is well-posed in $H^s(\mathbb{R}^2)$ for $s\ge 0$. By using the Fourier restriction norm with dissipative effect, we prove the well-posedness for ZKB equation in $H^s(\mathbb{R}^2)$ for $s>-1/2$.
description: 25 pages
RTSDF: Generating Signed Distance Fields in Real Time for Soft Shadow Rendering
Creators: name: Tan, Yu Wei
name: Chua, Nicholas
name: Koh, Clarence
name: Bhojan, Anand
Publisher: name: The Eurographics Association
Year: 2020
Subjects: Computing methodologies
Rendering
Ray tracing
Applied computing
Computer games

description: Signed Distance Fields (SDFs) for surface representation are commonly generated offline and subsequently loaded into interactive applications like games. Since they are not updated every frame, they only provide a rigid surface representation. While there are methods to generate them quickly on GPU, the efficiency of these approaches is limited at high resolutions. This paper showcases a novel technique that combines jump flooding and ray tracing to generate approximate SDFs in real-time for soft shadow approximation, achieving prominent shadow penumbras while maintaining interactive frame rates.
description: Pacific Graphics Short Papers, Posters, and Work-in-Progress Papers
description: Work-in-Progress Papers
description: 49
description: 50
description: Yu Wei Tan, Nicholas Chua, Clarence Koh, and Anand Bhojan
description: CCS Concepts: Computing methodologies --> Rendering; Ray tracing; Applied computing --> Computer games
Stroke Synthesis for Inbetweening of Rough Line Animations
Creators: name: Chen, Jiazhou
name: Zhu, Xinding
name: Bénard, Pierre
name: Barla, Pascal
Publisher: name: The Eurographics Association
Year: 2020

description: In this paper, we present a stroke synthesis approach for the inbetweening of rough line animations. In pre-process, keyframe strokes are transformed by local perturbation and sliding to generate a number of candidate strokes, and adjacent keyframes are registered together. During inbetweening, candidate strokes are transferred to the intermediate frames and selected based on the desired spatial distribution and length constraints.
description: Pacific Graphics Short Papers, Posters, and Work-in-Progress Papers
description: Work-in-Progress Papers
description: 51
description: 52
description: Jiazhou Chen, Xinding Zhu, Pierre Bénard, and Pascal Barla
Facing the Music: Spotify Wrapped as a Determinant for Personal Identity Performance
Creators: name: Gartner, Carson
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: This thesis examines the linguistic performance of personal identity through the sharing of Spotify Wrapped information on social media. Using a combination of corpus linguistic and interactional sociolinguistic techniques, this study examines the peculiarities of digitally mediated discourse related to Spotify Wrapped on Twitter and within the campus community at UNC Chapel Hill. The results show that the sharing of Spotify Wrapped invites normative judgment of the poster, the threat of these judgements shape the form of discourse in this area, and individuals use musical tastes to socially position themselves within relevant communities of practice. These results are consistent with recent findings in both sociolinguistics and musicology. They also identify a need for increased emphasis on reinforcing the existing literature on computer-mediated discourse phenomena.
Additional file 1: of Does the future of a farm depend on its neighbourhood? Evidence on intra-family succession among fruit and vegetable farms in Italy
Creators: name: Cavicchioli, Daniele
name: Bertoni, Danilo
name: Frisio, Dario
name: Pretolani, Roberto
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Annex 1 -Robustness Check across different specifications. Annex 2 - Post-estimation statistics for comparison of the 7 estimated models. (DOCX 23 kb)
Spin-orbit coupled j=1/2 iridium moments on the geometrically frustrated fcc lattice
Creators: name: Cook, A. M.
name: Matern, S.
name: Hickey, C.
name: Aczel, A. A.
name: Paramekanti, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by experiments on the double perovskites La2ZnIrO6 and La2MgIrO6, we study the magnetism of spin-orbit coupled j=1/2 iridium moments on the three-dimensional, geometrically frustrated, face-centered cubic lattice. The symmetry-allowed nearest-neighbor interaction includes Heisenberg, Kitaev, and symmetric off-diagonal exchange. A Luttinger-Tisza analysis shows a rich variety of orders, including collinear A-type antiferromagnetism, stripe order with moments along the [111]-direction, and incommensurate non-coplanar spirals, and we use Monte Carlo simulations to determine their magnetic ordering temperatures. We argue that existing thermodynamic data on these iridates underscores the presence of a dominant Kitaev exchange, and also suggest a resolution to the puzzle of why La2ZnIrO6 exhibits `weak' ferromagnetism, but La2MgIrO6 does not.
description: 5 pages, 5 figs, significantly revised to address referee comments, to appear in PRB Rapid Comm
Multi-particle potentials from light-like Wilson lines in quark-gluon plasmas: a generalized relation of in-medium splitting rates to jet-quenching parameters $\hat q$
Creators: name: Arnold, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A powerful historical insight about the theory of in-medium showering in QCD backgrounds was that splitting rates can be related to a parameter $\hat q$ that characterizes the rate of transverse-momentum kicks to a high-energy particle from the medium. Another powerful insight was that $\hat q$ can be defined (with caveats) even when the medium is strongly coupled, using long, narrow Wilson loops whose two long edges are light-like Wilson lines. The medium effects for the original calculations of in-medium splitting rates can be formulated in terms of 3-body imaginary-valued `potentials' that are defined with three long, light-like Wilson lines. Corrections due to overlap of two consecutive splittings can be calculated using similarly defined 4-body potentials. I give a simple argument for how such $N$-body potentials can be determined in the appropriate limit just from knowledge of the values of $\hat q$ for different color representations. For $N > 3$, the $N$-body potentials have non-trivial color structure, which will complicate calculations of overlap corrections outside of the large-$N_c$ or soft bremsstrahlung limits.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures. Difference from v1: minor changes including a correction to eq. (A4)
Quantum State Transfer through Noisy Quantum Cellular Automata
Creators: name: Avalle, Michele
name: Genoni, Marco G.
name: Serafini, Alessio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We model the transport of an unknown quantum state on one dimensional qubit lattices by means of a quantum cellular automata evolution. We do this by first introducing a class of discrete noisy dynamics, in the first excitation sector, in which a wide group of classical stochastic dynamics is embedded within the more general formalism of quantum operations. We then extend the Hilbert space of the system to accommodate a global vacuum state, thus allowing for the transport of initial on-site coherences besides excitations, and determine the dynamical constraints that define the class of noisy quantum cellular automata in this subspace. We then study the transport performance through numerical simulations, showing that for some instances of the dynamics perfect quantum state transfer is attainable. Our approach provides one with a natural description of both unitary and open quantum evolutions, where the homogeneity and locality of interactions allow one to take into account several forms of quantum noise in a plausible scenario.
description: Thoroughly revised version. Major changes and extensions. Three appendices added. 15 pages
Well-posedness for KdV-type equations with quadratic nonlinearity
Creators: name: Hirayama, Hiroyuki
name: Kinoshita, Shinya
name: Okamoto, Mamoru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the Cauchy problem of the KdV-type equation \[ \partial_t u + \frac{1}{3} \partial_x^3 u = c_1 u \partial_x^2u + c_2 (\partial_x u)^2, \quad u(0)=u_0. \] Pilod (2008) showed that the flow map of this Cauchy problem fails to be twice differentiable in the Sobolev space $H^s(\mathbb{R})$ for any $s \in \mathbb{R}$ if $c_1 \neq 0$. By using a gauge transformation, we point out that the contraction mapping theorem is applicable to the Cauchy problem if the initial data are in $H^2(\mathbb{R})$ with bounded primitives. Moreover, we prove that the Cauchy problem is locally well-posed in $H^1(\mathbb{R})$ with bounded primitives.
description: 21 pages
Criterios para dar alcance a la definición de las justas causas de inasistencia a actividades académicas y evaluaciones
Creators: name: Rojas Arias, Patricia
name: Parra Patiño, Angela Gisell
name: Garzón Segura, Yesid Giovanny
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2023

description: Establece los criterios para dar alcance a las justas causas de inasistencia a las actividades académicas y evaluaciones contempladas en los reglamentos académicos de pregrado y posgrado de la Universidad.
Towards a $C$-function in 4D quantum gravity
Creators: name: Becker, Daniel
name: Reuter, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a generally applicable method for constructing functions, $C$, which have properties similar to Zamolodchikov's $C$-function, and are geometrically natural objects related to the theory space explored by non-perturbative functional renormalization group (RG) equations. Employing the Euclidean framework of the Effective Average Action (EAA), we propose a $C$-function which can be defined for arbitrary systems of gravitational, Yang-Mills, ghost, and bosonic matter fields, and in any number of spacetime dimensions. It becomes stationary both at critical points and in classical regimes, and decreases monotonically along RG trajectories provided the breaking of the split-symmetry which relates background and quantum fields is sufficiently weak. Within the Asymptotic Safety approach we test the proposal for Quantum Einstein Gravity in $d>2$ dimensions, performing detailed numerical investigations in $d=4$. We find that the bi-metric Einstein-Hilbert truncation of theory space introduced recently is general enough to yield perfect monotonicity along the RG trajectories, while its more familiar single-metric analog fails to achieve this behavior which we expect on general grounds. Investigating generalized crossover trajectories connecting a fixed point in the ultraviolet to a classical regime with positive cosmological constant in the infrared, the $C$-function is shown to depend on the choice of the gravitational instanton which constitutes the background spacetime. For de Sitter space in 4 dimensions, the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy is found to play a role analogous to the central charge in conformal field theory. We also comment on the idea of a `$Λ$-$N$ connection' and the `$N$-bound' discussed earlier.
description: 15 figures; additional comments
Gibt es Wahrheit in den Medien?
Creators: name: Roegele, Otto Bernhard
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 16 Nr. 4 (1987): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 16, Heft 4
Conditional Deletion of Dnaic1 in a Murine Model of Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Causes Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Creators: name: Rogers, Troy D.
name: Chua, Michael
name: Busalacchi, Katie B.
name: Grubb, Barbara R.
name: Yin, Weining
name: O'Neal, Wanda K.
name: Ostrowski, Lawrence E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Studies of primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) have been hampered by the lack of a suitable animal model because disruption of essential ciliary genes in mice results in a high incidence of lethal hydrocephalus. To develop a viable mouse model for long-term studies of PCD, we have generated a transgenic mouse line in which two conserved exons of the mouse intermediate dynein chain gene, Dnaic1, are flanked by loxP sites (Dnaic1flox/flox). Dnaic1 is the murine homolog of human DNAI1, which is mutated in approximately 10% of human PCD cases. These mice have been crossed with mice expressing a tamoxifen-inducible Cre recombinase (CreER). Treatment of adult Dnaic1flox/flox/CreER+/− mice with tamoxifen results in an almost complete deletion of Dnaic1 with no evidence of hydrocephalus. Treated animals have reduced levels of full-length Dnaic1 mRNA, and electron micrographs of cilia demonstrate a loss of outer dynein arm structures. In treated Dnaic1flox/flox/CreER+/− animals, mucociliary clearance (MCC) was reduced over time. After approximately 3 months, no MCC was observed in the nasopharynx, whereas in the trachea, MCC was observed for up to 6 months, likely reflecting a difference in the turnover of ciliated cells in these tissues. All treated animals developed severe rhinosinusitis, demonstrating the importance of MCC to the health of the upper airways. However, no evidence of lung disease was observed up to 11 months after Dnaic1 deletion, suggesting that other mechanisms are able to compensate for the lack of MCC in the lower airways of mice. This model will be useful for the study of the pathogenesis and treatment of PCD.
The energy level shifts and the decay rate of an atom in the presence of a conducting wedge
Creators: name: Mohammadi, Zahra
name: Kheirandish, Fardin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present article explicit expressions for the decay rate and energy level shifts of an atom in the presence of an ideal conducting wedge, two parallel plates and a half-sheet are obtained in the frame work of the canonical quantization approach. The angular and radial dependence of the decay rate for different atomic polarizations of an excited atom and also of the energy level shifts are depicted and discussed. The consistency of the present approach in some limiting cases is investigated by comparing the relevant results obtained here to the previously reported results.
description: Extended and revised
High-contrast ZZ interaction using superconducting qubits with opposite-sign anharmonicity
Creators: name: Zhao, Peng
name: Xu, Peng
name: Lan, Dong
name: Chu, Ji
name: Tan, Xinsheng
name: Yu, Haifeng
name: Yu, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For building a scalable quantum processor with superconducting qubits, ZZ interaction is of great concern because its residual has a crucial impact to two-qubit gate fidelity. Two-qubit gates with fidelity meeting the criterion of fault-tolerant quantum computationhave been demonstrated using ZZ interaction. However, as the performance of quantum processors improves, the residual static-ZZ can become a performance-limiting factor for quantum gate operation and quantum error correction. Here, we introduce a superconducting architecture using qubits with opposite-sign anharmonicity, a transmon qubit and a C-shunt flux qubit, to address this issue. We theoretically demonstrate that by coupling the two types of qubits, the high-contrast ZZ interaction can be realized. Thus, we can control the interaction with a high on/off ratio to implement two-qubit CZ gates, or suppress it during two-qubit gate operation using XY interaction (e.g., an iSWAP gate). The proposed architecture can also be scaled up to multi-qubit cases. In a fixed coupled system, ZZ crosstalk related to neighboring spectator qubits could also be heavily suppressed.
Well-posedness for the fourth-order Schrödinger equation with third order derivative nonlinearities
Creators: name: Hirayama, Hiroyuki
name: Ikeda, Masahiro
name: Tanaka, Tomoyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the Cauchy problem to the semilinear fourth-order Schrödinger equations: \begin{equation}\label{0-1}\tag{4NLS} \begin{cases} i\partial_t u+\partial_x^4u=G\left(\left\{\partial_x^{k}u\right\}_{k\le γ},\left\{\partial_x^{k}\bar{u}\right\}_{k\le γ}\right), & t>0,\ x\in \mathbb{R}, \\ \ \ \ u|_{t=0}=u_0\in H^s(\mathbb{R}), \end{cases} \end{equation} where $γ\in \{1,2,3\}$ and the unknown function $u=u(t,x)$ is complex valued. In this paper, we consider the nonlinearity $G$ of the polynomial \[
 G(z)=G(z_1,\cdots,z_{2(γ+1)})
 :=\sum_{m\le |α|\le l}C_αz^α, \] for $z\in \mathbb{C}^{2(γ+1)}$, where $m,l\in\mathbb{N}$ with $3\le m\le l$ and $C_α\in \mathbb{C}$ with $α\in (\mathbb{N}\cup \{0\})^{2(γ+1)}$ is a constant. The purpose of the present paper is to prove well-posedness of the problem (\ref{0-1}) in the lower order Sobolev space $H^s(\mathbb{R})$ or with more general nonlinearities than previous results. Our proof of the main results is based on the contraction mapping principle on a suitable function space employed by D. Pornnopparath (2018). To obtain the key linear and bilinear estimates, we construct a suitable decomposition of the Duhamel term introduced by I. Bejenaru, A. D. Ionescu, C. E. Kenig, and D. Tataru (2011). Moreover we discuss scattering of global solutions and the optimality for the regularity of our well-posedness results, namely we prove that the flow map is not smooth in several cases.
description: 73pages
Multiple $q$-zeta brackets
Creators: name: Zudilin, Wadim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 11M32

description: The multiple zeta values (MZVs) possess a rich algebraic structure of algebraic relations, which is conjecturally determined by two different (shuffle and stuffle) products of a certain algebra of noncommutative words. In a recent work, Bachmann constructed a $q$-analogue of the MZVs -- the so-called bi-brackets -- for which the two products are dual to each other, in a very natural way. We overview Bachmann's construction and discuss the radial asymptotics of the bi-brackets, its links to the MZVs, and related linear (in)dependence questions of the $q$-analogue.
description: 12 pages
Bayesian optimization of non-classical optomechanical correlations
Creators: name: Pitchford, Alexander
name: Rakhubovsky, Andrey A.
name: Mukherjee, Rick
name: Moore, Darren W.
name: Sauvage, Frédéric
name: Burgarth, Daniel
name: Filip, Radim
name: Mintert, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonclassical correlations provide a resource for many applications in quantum technology as well as providing strong evidence that a system is indeed operating in the quantum regime. Optomechanical systems can be arranged to generate nonclassical correlations (such as quantum entanglement) between the mechanical mode and a mode of travelling light. Here we propose automated optimization of the production of quantum correlations in such a system, beyond what can be achieved through analytical methods, by applying Bayesian optimization to the control parameters. A two-mode optomechanical squeezing experiment is simulated using a detailed theoretical model of the system and the measurable outputs fed to the Bayesian optimization process. This then modifies the controllable parameters in order to maximize the non-classical two-mode squeezing and its detection, independently of the inner workings of the model. We focus on a levitated nano-sphere system, but the techniques described are broadly applicable in optomechanical experiments, and also more widely, especially where no detailed theoretical treatment is available. We find that in the experimentally relevant thermal regimes, the ability to vary and optimize a broad array of control parameters provides access to large values of two-mode squeezing that would otherwise be difficult or intractable to discover via analytical or trial and error methods. In particular we observe that modulation of the driving frequency around the resonant sideband allows for stronger nonclassical correlations. We also observe that our optimization approach finds parameters that allow significant squeezing in the high temperature regime. This extends the range of experimental setups in which non-classical correlations could be generated beyond the region of high quantum cooperativity.
description: 24 pages, 11 figures, including the 3 appendices and bibliography
Applying a Growth Mindset Reflection Influences Students Research Related Skills in Higher-Level STEM Courses
Creators: name: Adair, William
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Growth mindset interventions and their efficacy have been a growing debate within the neuroscience educational field. Based on recent findings of growth mindset implications with developing education, pedagogical tools can support students building research skills within the literature and scientific process. Due to the lack of literature citing growth mindset interventions within higher level STEM courses, we hypothesize that a growth mindset intervention could change the way students think and view research as a whole. By applying a two-question Metacognitive and Growth Mindset reflection, our study adapts Dweck’s implicit theory of self to improve students’ research-related skills and scientific processing skills. Analysis on Qualitative and Quantitative students survey responses demonstrated an adoption of a growth mindset more within the intervention group, as seen in the Mid-Semester Eval Survey, and developed students research related skills. While further research is necessary, our study provides a stepping stone to continue growth mindset educational research in higher level STEM courses.
BioGraphI Faculty Mentoring Network (FMN) Implementation Resources Collection
Creators: name: Yang, Suann
name: Pigg, Rachel
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2025

description: This database is a collection of the implementation resources used to facilitate a Faculty Mentoring Network (FMN) for the Biologists and Graph Interpretation (BioGraphI) Project. BioGraphI FMNs are semester-long experiences in which faculty and future faculty work together in a community of practice to create modules that feature the research and personal story of counterstereotypical scientists while teaching data interpretation skills.
Diabetic and Divested: How Syrian Refugees Understand and Seek Treatment for Diabetes in Jordan
Creators: name: Barakat, Hadi
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: The already more than a decade long Syrian civil war has created one of the greatest refugee crises of our times. As a result of their forced relocation, Syrian refugees have been experiencing unprecedented vulnerability to a multitude of health problems ranging from malnutrition to infectious diseases resulting from poor sanitation and hygiene to mental health problems. While most research has concentrated on emergency medicine and mental health, other conditions Syrian refugees face have been less investigated, among them chronic diseases like high blood pressure or diabetes. This thesis focuses on the understanding and management of diabetes among Syrian refugees living in Jordan. It is based on qualitative interviews conducted with Syrian refugees living in Amman as well as with mental health professionals involved in providing healthcare for them. Combining these qualitative data with secondary materials, the thesis shows how many refugees fail to properly treat their condition and lack an adequate understanding of the potential future health problems that might result from this neglect. I demonstrate how this situation arises from the complex interplay of a variety of factors among them financial pressures, the need to adapt to a different healthcare system and everchanging rules, cultural understandings of diet and health, as well as the stresses and uncertainties inherent in the refugee condition. In addition, and in conversation with Jordanian healthcare providers, I identify health literacy as a possible area of intervention that can alleviate at least some of the obstacles that impinge on diabetic Syrian refugees’ health seeking strategies.
Homotopy Theoretic and Categorical Models of Neural Information Networks
Creators: name: Manin, Yuri
name: Marcolli, Matilde
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 94A17, 68P30, 92B20

description: In this paper we develop a novel mathematical formalism for the modeling of neural information networks endowed with additional structure in the form of assignments of resources, either computational or metabolic or informational. The starting point for this construction is the notion of summing functors and of Segal's Gamma-spaces in homotopy theory. The main results in this paper include functorial assignments of concurrent/distributed computing architectures and associated binary codes to networks and their subsystems, a categorical form of the Hopfield network dynamics, which recovers the usual Hopfield equations when applied to a suitable category of weighted codes, a functorial assignment to networks of corresponding information structures and information cohomology, and a cohomological version of integrated information.
description: published version: 86 pages LaTeX
An Exploration of the Effects of Subjective Socioeconomic Status on Biological Aging
Creators: name: Neal, Alexandra
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Biological aging and its relationship with objective socioeconomic status is well-known and understood: a lower objective socioeconomic status leads to accelerated biological aging. However, the relationship between subjective socioeconomic status and biological aging has yet to be investigated. This study seeks to identify whether a relationship between subjective socioeconomic status and biological aging exists, specifically by testing whether or not a lower subjective socioeconomic status leads to accelerated biological aging. Biological aging is a universal experience for humans and is a determinant for the speed of onset of chronic diseases and longevity. It is important to test whether or not subjective socioeconomic status impacts speed of biological aging in order to understand how self-perception impacts onset of disease and timing of death. Using data from Wave V of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) and PhenoAge and GrimAge calculators for epigenetic aging, this study demonstrates that a lower subjective socioeconomic status leads to accelerated biological aging, even outside of the effects of objective socioeconomic status, health behavior, sex, and race. These findings provide evidence that self-perception of social status affects aging. More studies concerning subjective socioeconomic status and biological aging are needed to improve understanding of the relationship between the two.
Scaling up semantics; lessons learned across the life sciences
Creators: name: Mungall, Christopher J
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: linked-data
ontologies
knowledge-graphs
linkml
gene-ontology
OBO
keynote
SWAT4HCLS
2023

description: Semantic modeling is key to understanding the biological processes underpinning the health of humans and the health of ecosystems on this planet. There are a number of different approaches to semantic modeling, varying from modeling of *things* in the form of knowledge graphs, modeling of *data structures* in the form of semantic schemas, and modeling of *words* in the form of ultra-large language models. Taking the metaphor of modeling paradigms as planets in a semantic solar system, I will take us on a tour through the solar system, exploring the strengths of each approach, and looking through a historic lens at how we keep iterating over similar solutions with each rotation around the sun. As an alternative to the dichotomy of either resisting change, or starting afresh I urge an approach were we embrace change and adapt with each revolution. I will look specifically at how the OBO community have built powerful knowledge graphs of biological concepts, how the LinkML modeling language incorporates aspects of both frame languages and shape languages, and how language models can be integrated with semantic ontological approaches through the OntoGPT framework
Childhood adversity and behavioural addictions: the mediating role of emotion dysregulation and depression in an adult community sample
Creators: name: M. S. M. Lim
name: F. Y. L. Cheung
name: J. M. Kho
name: C. S.-K. Tang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) increase developmental vulnerabilities for adult psychopathology, and behavioural addictions in particular. However, our understanding of the common psychological mechanisms underlying various behavioural addictions is currently limited. The present study explores self-report emotion dysregulation and depression severity as candidate transdiagnostic processes for addictions known to be related to ACEs such as gambling, food, and internet (social media) use. A large community sample of working adults (n = 1,231) was surveyed online. Validated self-report assessments of gambling, food, and social media addiction severity were administered. The study found that cumulative ACEs were linked to clinical symptoms of gambling, food, and social media addiction through the mediator of emotion dysregulation. Specific emotion dysregulation mechanisms common to gambling, food, and social media addictions include poor control of impulses when upset, and poor clarity about emotions. Additionally, emotion dysregulation and depression serially mediated the association between ACEs, and food and social media addiction severity. The study specifies emotion- and mood-related clinical targets for clinical assessments and interventions that could benefit adults with a history of ACEs.
Fingerprinting tertiary structural communication in RNAs with complex folds
Creators: name: Tan, Ana
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Single molecule correlated chemical probing (smCCP) is an experimentally concise and high-throughput strategy to measure complex, higher-order structural interactions in RNA. smCCP identifies through-space structural communication, including base-pairing and higher-order interactions, as observations of nucleotides that become modified together in a correlated way. These correlated reactivites can be complex and, to date, through-space communication specifically reflective of tertiary structure (RING correlations) can be difficult to isolate from other internucleotide correlations detected in smCCP experiments. Here we use smCCP to characterize the structure ensemble of the SAM-III riboswitch and, with an improved filtering strategy, identify a structural communication fingerprint selective for states with tertiary structure, concurrent with cognate ligand binding. These RING filters isolate through-space tertiary interactions when subsequently applied to diverse RNAs with complex structures. These studies pave the way for using the profoundly simple smCCP experiment to detect tertiary structure motifs in complex RNAs.
Effect of Neutrophil Adhesion on the Mechanical Properties of Lung Microvascular Endothelial Cells
Creators: name: Eppell, Steven J.
name: Kang, Inkyung
name: Doerschuk, Claire M.
name: Marchant, Roger E.
name: Wang, Qin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Neutrophil adhesion to pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (ECs) initiates intracellular signaling, resulting in remodeling of F-actin cytoskeletal structure of ECs. The present study determined the mechanical properties of ECs and the changes induced by neutrophil adhesion by atomic force microscopy. The elastic moduli of ECs were compared before neutrophils were present, as soon as neutrophil adhesion was detected, and 1 minute later. ECs that were adjacent to those with adherent neutrophils were also evaluated. Neutrophil adhesion induced a decrease in the elastic moduli in the 6.25-μm rim of ECs surrounding adherent neutrophils as soon as firmly adherent neutrophils were detected, which was transient and lasted less than 1 minute. Adjacent ECs developed an increase in stiffness that was significant in the central regions of these cells. Intercellular adhesion molecule–1 crosslinking did not induce significant changes in the elastic modulus of ECs in either region, suggesting that crosslinking intercellular adhesion molecule–1 is not sufficient to induce the observed changes. Our results demonstrate that neutrophil adhesion induces regional changes in the stiffness of ECs.
Well-posedness for a system of quadratic derivative nonlinear Schrödinger equations in almost critical spaces
Creators: name: Hirayama, Hiroyuki
name: Kinoshita, Shinya
name: Okamoto, Mamoru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we consider the Cauchy problem of the system of quadratic derivative nonlinear Schrödinger equations introduced by Colin and Colin (2004). We determine an almost optimal Sobolev regularity where the smooth flow map of the Cauchy problem exists, expect for the scaling critical case. This result covers a gap left open in papers of the first and second authors (2014, 2019).
description: 33 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1802.06563, arXiv:1811.08324
Real-time dynamics of open quantum spin systems driven by dissipative processes
Creators: name: Hebenstreit, Florian
name: Banerjee, Debasish
name: Hornung, Manes
name: Jiang, Fu-Jiun
name: Schranz, Franziska
name: Wiese, Uwe-Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the real-time evolution of large open quantum spin systems in two spatial dimensions, whose dynamics is entirely driven by a dissipative coupling to the environment. We consider different dissipative processes and investigate the real-time evolution from an ordered phase of the Heisenberg or XY-model towards a disordered phase at late times, disregarding unitary Hamiltonian dynamics. The corresponding Kossakowski-Lindblad equation is solved via an efficient cluster algorithm. We find that the symmetry of the dissipative process determines the time scales which govern the approach towards a new equilibrium phase at late times. Most notably, we find a slow equilibration if the dissipative process conserves any of the magnetization Fourier modes. In these cases, the dynamics can be interpreted as a diffusion process of the conserved quantity.
description: 28 pages, 11 figures. Revised version: Presentation reorganized and one figure added
Evaluation of Nickel Ion Release from Orthodontic Wires in Different Types of Artificial Saliva.pdf
Creators: name: Taqa, Amer
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 110501 Dental Materials and Equipment
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Aims: To evaluate the amount of nickel ion release from stainless steel orthodontic wires in differentartificial saliva and in different time periods. Materials and Methods: This study included six differentcommercial stainless steel orthodontic wires with different diameters. They wereimmersed in deionized water (control) and three different artificial saliva, the immersion periodsincluded 7, 14, and 30 days. A graphite-furnace atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS) was used todetermine the amount of nickel ions release. Results: The statistical analysis showed that there is ahighly significance in the release of nickel ions for all types of wire except wires 0.18, and 0.16 x 0.22which gave non-significant 2.45 and 1.37 respectively, and the time period of immersion had nosignificant effect in all types of wire. Conclusions: The release of nickel ions was influenced by thetypes of wire and the surface areas that in contact with immersion in solution, in addition to thecomposition of the orthodontic wires, but this were not proportional to the content of metal in the wire.Key words: Nickel ion, arch wires, fixed orthodontic appliance.
INO-4995 Therapeutic Efficacy Is Enhanced with Repeat Dosing in Cystic Fibrosis Knockout Mice and Human Epithelia
Creators: name: Majerus, Philip W.
name: Drumm, Mitchell L.
name: Langton-Webster, Beatrice
name: Traynor-Kaplan, Alexis E.
name: Gabriel, Sherif
name: Moody, Mark
name: Nur, Magda
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Progressive lung damage in cystic fibrosis (CF) has been linked to inadequate airway mucosal hydration. We previously demonstrated that an inositol tetrakisphosphate analog, 1-O-octyl-2-O-butyryl-myo-inositol 3,4,5,6-tetrakisphosphate octakis(propionoxymethyl)ester (INO-4995), regulates airway secretory and absorptive processes, affecting mucosal hydration by prolonged (24 h) inhibition of Na+ and fluid absorption in CF human nasal epithelia (CFHNE). The objectives of this study were to further assess clinical potential of INO-4995 in CF through ascertaining in vivo activity in mice with CF, determining the effects of repeated administration on potency and determining cytoplasmic half-life. Uptake and metabolism of [3H]INO-4995 was monitored with HPLC to calculate intracellular half-life. INO-4995 was administered in vitro repeatedly over 4 to 8 days to CFHNE. Fluid absorption was assessed by blue dextran exclusion, and basal short-circuit current was measured in Ussing chambers. INO-4995 (1–100 μg/kg) was dosed intranasally either as a single dose or once per day over 4 days to gut-corrected CF mice. [3H]INO-4995 was rapidly taken up by epithelial cultures and converted to the active drug, which had a half-life of 40 hours. Repeated daily application of INO-4995 to CFHNE lowered the effective concentration for inhibition of fluid absorption and amiloride-sensitive short-circuit current in cultured CFHNE, and reduced nasal potential difference to nearly control levels in gut-corrected CF mice. Ca2+-activated Cl− channel activity was also boosted in cultures. Mouse nasal levels fell from abnormal levels to within 2 μA of normal with repeated exposure to 0.8 μg/kg over 4 days. These data support further development of INO-4995 for the treatment of CF.
Buchstaben und Geist des Zweiten Vatikanums in den Konzilsreden von Kardinal Frings
Creators: name: Benedikt XVI., Papst
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 16 Nr. 3 (1987): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 16, Heft 3
Unit Quaternions and the Bloch Sphere
Creators: name: Wharton, K. B.
name: Koch, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 20G45

description: The spinor representation of spin-1/2 states can equally well be mapped to a single unit quaternion, yielding a new perspective despite the equivalent mathematics. This paper first demonstrates a useable map that allows Bloch-sphere rotations to be represented as quaternionic multiplications, simplifying the form of the dynamical equations. Left-multiplications generally correspond to non-unitary transformations, providing a simpler (essentially classical) analysis of time-reversal. But the quaternion viewpoint also reveals a surprisingly large broken symmetry, as well as a potential way to restore it, via a natural expansion of the state space that has parallels to second order fermions. This expansion to "second order qubits" would imply either a larger gauge freedom or a natural space of hidden variables.
description: 25 pages, 1 figure; Referee-inspired improvements; accepted for publication in J. Phys. A
IMPACT OF CANCER TREATMENT ON PULSE WAVE VELOCITY IN CANCER SURVIVORS: A META-ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Juliette Levet-Bourtayre
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Cancer survivors are at an increased risk of morbidities such as cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Cancer treatments such as chemotherapy and radiation have been correlated with cardiotoxicity. However, the magnitude of these effects is unclear. The gold-standard methodology to non-invasively measure arterial stiffness, a measure of CVD risk, is pulse wave velocity (PWV). Therefore, the objective of this meta-analysis was to measure the PWV response to cancer treatment in cancer survivors. Electronic databases were searched from inception through April 2023. Eligible studies included adult cancer survivors and PWV measurements (before and after treatment). One hundred thirty-seven articles were identified and 20 articles (24 trials) met inclusion criteria. Compared to baseline (pre-treatment), cancer treatment resulted in a moderate-large significant increase (worsening) in PWV (SMD=0.634 m/s, 95% CI: 0.348, 0.920, df=20, p=0.002). Sub-group analysis did not reveal any significant effects of PWV device (df=7, p=0.150) or PWV site (df=4, p=0.360). However, a significant effect was seen based on cancer type (df=9, p=0.045) with breast cancer survivors (SMD=-0.939 m/s, 95% CI: -1.839, -0.039, df=6, p=0.041) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia survivors (SMD=1.000 m/s, 95% CI: 0.164, 1.836, df=1, p=0.019) having large significant changes in PWV. Additionally, a significant effect was seen based on time between baseline and post-treatment visits (df=1,p=0.045). Trials with a short visit timeline (less than 12 weeks) resulted in a moderate increase in PWV (SMD=0.569 m/s, 95% CI: 0.012, 1.126, df=5, p=0.045) whereas, trials with a long visit timeline (greater than 13 weeks) resulted in a small-moderate increase in PWV (SMD=0.317 m/s, 95% CI: -0.013, 0.647, df=13, p=0.060). In conclusion, cancer treatment does significantly affect PWV indicating an increased CVD risk. Further research is needed to identify effective interventions to mitigate these effects.