cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Revisiting GeV-scale annihilating dark matter with the AMS-02 positron fraction
Creators: name: Krommydas, Iason
name: Cholis, Ilias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Antimatter cosmic-rays are used to probe new phenomena in physics, including dark matter annihilation. We use the cosmic-ray positron fraction spectrum by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer, to search for such an annihilation signal in the Galaxy. We focus on dark matter with mass between 5 and 120 GeV, producing high-energy electrons and positrons. In these cosmic-ray energies the interplay of multiple astrophysical sources and phenomena, makes this search highly sensitive to the underlying astrophysical background assumptions. We use a vast public library of astrophysical models for the cosmic-ray positron fraction background, to derive robust upper limits on the dark matter's annihilation cross section for a number of annihilation channels. This library accounts for different types of cosmic-ray sources and uncertainties on their distribution in space and time. Also, it accounts for uncertainties on those sources' output, their injected into the interstellar medium cosmic-ray spectra and for uncertainties on cosmic-ray propagation. For any given dark matter particle mass and annihilation channel, upper limits on the annihilation cross section are given by bands that stretch a full order of magnitude in its value. Our work provides weaker limits compared to earlier results, that are however robust to all the relevant astrophysical uncertainties. Between 5 and 15 GeV, we find indications for a possible excess flux of cosmic-ray electrons and positrons. That excess is found for most, but not all of our astrophysical background parameter space, and its significance can vary appreciably. Further scrutiny is necessary to improve the understanding of these lower energy cosmic rays. Finally, we note that even if an excess signal is found in these energies, the current background uncertainties do not allow us to accurately deduce its underlying particle properties.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures, 1 table, zenodo link: https://zenodo.org/record/7178634
Single-pulse radio observations of the Galactic Center magnetar PSR J1745-2900
Creators: name: Yan, Zhen
name: Shen, Zhi-Qiang
name: Wu, Xin-Ji
name: Manchester, R. N.
name: Weltevrede, P.
name: Wu, Ya-Jun
name: Zhao, Rong-Bing
name: Yuan, Jian-Ping
name: Lee, Ke-Jia
name: Fan, Qing-Yuan
name: Hong, Xiao-Yu
name: Jiang, Dong-Rong
name: Li, Bin
name: Liang, Shi-Guang
name: Ling, Quan-Bao
name: Liu, Qing-Hui
name: Qian, Zhi-Han
name: Zhang, Xiu-Zhong
name: Zhong, Wei-Ye
name: Ye, Shu-Hua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we report radio observations of the Galactic Center magnetar PSR J1745-2900 at six epochs between June and October, 2014. These observations were carried out using the new Shanghai Tian Ma Radio Telescope at a frequency of 8.6 GHz. Both the flux density and integrated profile of PSR J1745-2900 show dramatic changes from epoch to epoch showing that the pulsar was in its "erratic" phase. On MJD 56836, the flux density of this magnetar was about 8.7 mJy, which was ten times large than that reported at the time of discovery, enabling a single-pulse analysis. The emission is dominated by narrow "spiky" pulses which follow a log-normal distribution in peak flux density. From 1913 pulses, we detected 53 pulses whose peak flux density is ten times greater than that of the integrated profile. They are concentrated in pulse phase at the peaks of the integrated profile. The pulse widths at the 50% level of these bright pulses was between 0.2 to 0.9 deg, much narrower than that of integrated profile (~12 deg). The observed pulse widths may be limited by interstellar scattering. No clear correlation was found between the widths and peak flux density of these pulses and no evidence was found for subpulse drifting. Relatively strong spiky pulses are also detected in the other five epochs of observation, showing the same properties as that detected in MJD 56836. These strong spiky pulses cannot be classified as "giant" pulses but are more closely related to normal pulse emission.
description: 21 papes, 7 figures, accepted by ApJ
Evaluating the Functional Role of Enhancing Progenitor Cell Survival Following Stroke Recovery
Creators: name: Ceizar, Maheen
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Stroke Recovery
Adult Neurogenesis

description: Stroke is the leading cause of long-term neurological disability worldwide, signifying the need for viable therapeutic options. Pre-clinical and post-mortem stroke studies have demonstrated that stroke increases the number of newborn progenitor cells (PCs) in the adult brain that can migrate to the site of injury. While there is a positive correlation between increasing neurogenesis and improvements in stroke recovery, methods used to increase PCs and neurogenesis also alter many other forms of plasticity, making it difficult to determine the function of PCs per se. To investigate whether specifically enhancing PC survival is sufficient to improve recovery, the iBax transgenic mouse model was used to remove the pro-apoptotic gene Bax inducibly from nestin-expressing PCs either before or after focal strokes induced by photothrombosis. Increasing PC survival before or after stroke in the iBax mice increased the number of PCs in the peri-infarct region. Interestingly, the majority of the cells that migrated to the peri-infarct region expressed the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) which is found in astrocytes when Bax was removed prior to stroke, yet when Bax was removed after stroke the majority of the cells expressed doublecortin (DCX) which is expressed in neuroblasts. Irrespective of this significant increase in the different populations of surviving PCs following stroke, there was no change in long-term behavioural deficits on the adhesive removal, horizontal ladder, and cylinder tasks up to 90 days post stroke. Additionally, enhancing PC survival before or after stroke resulted in a significant increase in adult-generated neurons within the dentate gyrus, which was associated with a modest change in spatial learning on the Barnes maze. Together, these experiments suggest strategies that enhance the survival of the PCs by preventing cell death will, by themselves, be insufficient to promote sensorimotor recovery following stroke.
Interracial marriage formation: entry into first union and transition from cohabitation to marriage
Creators: name: Fu, Yilan
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2010

description: Few prior studies on union formation and transition have emphasized a very distinct group - racially and ethnically mixed couples, whose patterns of entry into first union and transition from cohabitation to marriage are very different from couples in general. Using the female data from 2002 National Survey of Family Growth (cycle VI), I employed survival analysis to specifically examine interracial marriage formation process. The results reveal that non-white females with higher education are more likely to be in interracial cohabitation and marriage, while such interracial unions are more common among white females with lower education. The likelihood of starting interracial first union is even among females from age 15 to 40. The likelihood of transition from cohabitation to marriage for a mixed couple falls in between those for same race couples of the two origin groups.
Carnasses, paludicroques, limonards et luminards : traduction des néologismes d’auteur de la série The Edge Chronicles de l’anglais vers le français
Creators: name: Des Rosiers, Vincent
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Traduction
Fantasy
Néologie
Néologismes
Néologismes d'auteur

description: Chaque année, un grand nombre d’œuvres de fantasy sont traduites de l’anglais vers le français. Ce genre, basé sur la création par l’auteur d’un univers fictif détaillé, présente aussi un défi auquel les traducteurs sont rarement confrontés : une abondance de néologismes qui n’ont pas d’équivalents dans la langue d’arrivée, forçant les traducteurs à recourir, eux aussi, à la néologie. Pour étudier la question de la traduction des néologismes d’auteur en fantasy de l’anglais vers le français, cette thèse présente une typologie des procédés utilisés pour la création et la traduction des néologismes d’auteur et l’utilise pour comparer près de 400 termes tirés de la première trilogie de la série The Edge Chronicles avec leurs équivalents français. L’auteur de cette thèse en arrive ainsi à certaines conclusions et observations portant sur la traduction des néologismes dans cette série en particulier, qui seront (il l’espère) utiles à d’autres chercheurs et traducteurs. Abstract: Every year, many fantasy stories are translated from English into French. This genre, based on the creation by the author of an intricate fictional universe, also regularly presents translators with a challenge that they are otherwise unlikely to encounter very often: an abundance of neologisms having no equivalent in the target language, forcing the translators to create their own neologisms. In order to study the question that is the translation of author neologisms from English to French, this thesis presents a typology of strategies used to create and translate author neologisms, using it to compare more than 400 terms from the first trilogy of the Edge Chronicles series with their French equivalents. The author of this thesis thus reaches certain conclusions and observations that will be, he hopes, useful to other researchers and translators.
Postural Control and Ankle Muscle Stiffness During Continuous Cognitive Tasks and External Focus of Attention
Creators: name: Saunders, Deanna
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Dual-task
Cognitive task
Postural control
Ankle stiffening
Attentional focus

description: The objective of the present study was to; 1) determine if the use of a continuous cognitive task demonstrates distinct characteristics of a more automatic control of posture, compared to an external focus (EF) and feet together (FT) postural task, and to 2) examine which condition, if any, exhibits the characteristics of increased ankle stiffness proposed by Winter et al. (1998), as well as displaying increased ankle muscular co-contractions, which are a suggested neuromuscular mechanism that stiffens posture. Fifteen young adults stood on a force platform and performed 4 separate conditions: FT, EF, single number sequence (SNS), and double number sequence (DNS). Throughout the session, surface electromyography (EMG) signals were collected from the tibialis anterior (TA) and medial gastrocnemius (MG) of each leg. Each testing session consisted of 24 trials, with 6 per condition. Results displayed decreased sway area for SNS and DNS compared to FT. Sway variability in the anterior/posterior (AP) direction SNS and DNS were smaller compared to EF and FT. As well sway variability in the medial/lateral (ML) direction was smaller for SNS and DNS compared to FT. ML Mean velocity (MV) did not differ across conditions, though in the AP direction it was larger for SNS and DNS compared to EF and FT. AP Mean power frequency (MPF) was larger for SNS compared to FT. In the ML direction MPF was larger for SNS and DNS compared to FT. Co-Contraction indices revealed no differences across conditions. Conversely the left TA for DNS revealed increased EMG activation compared to EF and SNS.
Integrating Engineered Wetlands with Crop Irrigation: An Evaluation of Chemical Uptake
Creators: name: Alatorre, Ramón DC
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2012

description: The potential for ELISAs (Enzyme Linked Immunosorbant Assays) to track the fate of micropollutants in crops grown through irrigation with wastewater from a decentralized, engineered wetland-type reclamation system, was realized in a controlled greenhouse study. Caffeine was observed within sweet potato tissue between 0 and 9 ng/g when irrigated with tap water and between 16 and 21ng/g when irrigated with reclaimed (unmodified and spiked with elevated levels of chemical) wastewater sources, indicating uptake of between 2 and 10% of the total estimated mass applied. Analysis of a sweet potato from a local grocery store detected caffeine between 6 and 8ng/g. Triclosan was only observed within the sweet potato tissue of crops grown with the wastewater spiked with elevated levels of the chemical and, even then, only between 4 and 11ng/g, indicating less than 2% uptake of the estimated mass applied. The results indicate limited uptake of the target compounds.
Collective rotation from ab initio theory
Creators: name: Caprio, M. A.
name: Maris, P.
name: Vary, J. P.
name: Smith, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Through ab initio approaches in nuclear theory, we may now seek to quantitatively understand the wealth of nuclear collective phenomena starting from the underlying internucleon interactions. No-core configuration interaction (NCCI) calculations for p-shell nuclei give rise to rotational bands, as evidenced by rotational patterns for excitation energies, electromagnetic moments, and electromagnetic transitions. In this review, NCCI calculations of 7-9Be are used to illustrate and explore ab initio rotational structure, and the resulting predictions for rotational band properties are compared with experiment. We highlight the robustness of ab initio rotational predictions across different choices for the internucleon interaction.
description: 34 pages, 19 figures; to be published in Int. J. Mod. Phys. E
A New Method for tackling Asymmetric Decision Problems
Creators: name: Thwaites, Peter A.
name: Smith, Jim Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62C10, 91B06

description: Chain Event Graphs are probabilistic graphical models designed especially for the analysis of discrete statistical problems which do not admit a natural product space structure. We show here how they can be used for decision analysis, and describe an optimal decision strategy based on an efficient local computation message passing scheme. We briefly describe a method for producing a parsimonious decision CEG, analogous to the parsimonious ID, and touch upon the CEG-analogues of Shachter's barren node deletion and arc reversal for ID-based solution.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Evaluation of post-bleaching hypersensitivity using desensitizing agent before and / or after in-office bleaching: A randomized clinical trial.
Creators: name: Tadros, Silvia
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Hypersensitivity-desensitizing agent- in-office bleaching-
subject: Hypersensitivity - in-office bleaching- desensitizing agent- visual analouge scale

description: A randomized clinical trial to evaluate the effect of a desensitizing agent during in-office bleaching
Oscillatory elastic instabilities in an extensional viscoelastic flow
Creators: name: Varshney, Atul
name: Afik, Eldad
name: Kaplan, Yoav
name: Steinberg, Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dilute polymer solutions are known to exhibit purely elastic instabilities even when the fluid inertia is negligible. Here we report the quantitative evidence of two consecutive oscillatory elastic instabilities in an elongation flow of a dilute polymer solution as realized in a T-junction geometry with a long recirculating cavity. The main result reported here is the observation and characterization of the first transition as a forward Hopf bifurcation resulted in a uniformly oscillating state due to breaking of time translational invariance. This unexpected finding is in contrast with previous experiments and numerical simulations performed in similar ranges of the $Wi$ and $Re$ numbers, where the forward fork-bifurcation into a steady asymmetric flow due to the broken spatial inversion symmetry was reported. We discuss the plausible discrepancy between our findings and previous studies that could be attributed to the long recirculating cavity, where the length of the recirculating cavity plays a crucial role in the breaking of time translational invariance instead of the spatial inversion. The second transition is manifested via time aperiodic transverse fluctuations of the interface between the dyed and undyed fluid streams at the channel junction and advected downstream by the mean flow. Both instabilities are characterized by fluid discharge-rate and simultaneous imaging of the interface between the dyed and undyed fluid streams in the outflow channel.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures
Analysis of Cosmetic Cannabidiol and Hemp Products for Labeling Accuracy using GC/MS
Creators: name: Herrera, Avrie
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023

description: The purpose of this study is to analyze consumer cannabidiol and hemp products for labeling accuracy, including concentration of cannabidiol and to confirm that the amount of THC is below the legal limit of 0.3%. The popularity of CBD products has increased greatly ever since states began legalizing it for distribution and consumption and it is important that these products are accurately labeled and tested for safety. Although it is highly unlikely that topical THC application can cause a positive drug test, it is still necessary to check for the presence of THC in these products. Statistical analysis was performed to interpret the data and to determine if there is a statistical difference between the labeled concentrations and the analyzed concentrations of cosmetic CBD and hemp products. The goals of this study are: (A) To quantify the amount of CBD found in each product, and (B) To compare the tested CBD concentrations to the labeled CBD Concentrations.
Exact quantum numbers of collapsed and non-collapsed 2-string solutions in the Heisenberg spin chain
Creators: name: Deguchi, Tetsuo
name: Giri, Pulak Ranjan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Every solution of the Bethe-ansatz equations (BAE) is characterized by a set of quantum numbers, by which we can evaluate it numerically. However, no general rule is known how to give quantum numbers for the physical solutions of BAE. For the spin-1/2 XXX chain we rigorously derive all the quantum numbers for the complete set of the Bethe-ansatz eigenvectors in the two down-spin sector with any chain length $N$. Here we obtain them both for real and complex solutions. Consequently, we prove the completeness of the Bethe ansatz and give an exact expression for the number of real solutions which correspond to collapsed bound-state solutions (i.e., 2-string solutions) in the sector: $2[ (N-1)/2 - (N/π) \tan^{-1}(\sqrt{N-1})]$ in terms of Gauss' symbol. Moreover, we prove in the sector the scheme conjectured by Takahashi for solving BAE systematically. We also suggest that by applying the present method we can derive the quantum numbers for the spin-1/2 XXZ chain.
description: 22 pages, no figure
An efficient threshold dynamics method for wetting on rough surfaces
Creators: name: Xu, Xianmin
name: Wang, Dong
name: Wang, Xiaoping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The threshold dynamics method developed by Merriman, Bence and Osher (MBO) is an efficient method for simulating the motion by mean curvature flow when the interface is away from the solid boundary. Direct generalization of MBO-type methods to the wetting problem with interfaces intersecting the solid boundary is not easy because solving the heat equation in a general domain with a wetting boundary condition is not as efficient as it is with the original MBO method. The dynamics of the contact point also follows a different law compared with the dynamics of the interface away from the boundary. In this paper, we develop an efficient volume preserving threshold dynamics method for simulating wetting on rough surfaces. This method is based on minimization of the weighted surface area functional over an extended domain that includes the solid phase. The method is simple, stable with $O(N \log N)$ complexity per time step and is not sensitive to the inhomogeneity or roughness of the solid boundary.
Europe's Failure to Harmonize: A Qualitative Exploration of the Factors Contributing to the Impotence of the Common European Asylum System
Creators: name: Gardella, Jennifer
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2013

description: Despite the completion of two phases spanning nearly fourteen years, the Common European Asylum System (CEAS) has yet to result in a real, tangible, and widespread improvement of the outcomes for asylum seekers who petition for protective status in the European Union (EU). Efforts to harmonize the national asylum policies of the individual EU Member States along a uniform set of basic, minimum standards of protection have stalled, and asylum seekers continue to be denied the protection guaranteed to them under international humanitarian law. This paper explores the reasons for this failure to harmonize and points to several national and supranational context factors - both domestic and external - that are convalescing in such a way to render the CEAS rather impotent, ultimately demonstrating that the overall quality of care and protection offered to asylum seekers in Europe still leaves much to be desired and requires immediate attention.
The sublational finale: thematic recall and formal process in instrumental music by Schubert and Schumann
Creators: name: Brannon, Samuel
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Composers of multimovement instrumental works in the nineteenth century recognized thematic recall as one solution to the formal problem of creating a whole of out disparate movements. The theoretical and analytic literature rarely broaches the technique's compositional motivations and interpretive implications. This paper attempts to address these issues by interpreting thematic recalls as musical instantiations of Hegel's philosophical concept of sublation (from aufheben, meaning simultaneously to preserve and to cancel). This paper uses the concept of a sublational finale to explain the various formal processes at work in finales that feature thematic recall, illustrated by analyses of three representative works: Franz Schubert's Piano Trio in E-flat Major (D. 929), and Robert Schumann's Piano Quintet in E-flat Major (op. 44) and Second Symphony in C Major (op. 61).
Motivating engaging performance: a longitudinal field experiment of self-efficacy at work
Creators: name: Carter, William Richard
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: This thesis examined the influence of self-efficacy and employee engagement on work-related performance in organisational settings. Self-efficacy refers to people's judgment in their personal capabilities to mobilise the motivation, cognitive resources, and courses of action needed to produce given attainments (Bandura, 1997, p. 3). A core construct within social cognitive theory, self-efficacy has been extensively studied by psychologists while its application within organisations has been examined at length by organisation psychologists and management scholars. Although these academic studies have confirmed the integral and influential role self-efficacy has on work motivation and performance, self-efficacy theory has not been widely adopted in management practice. This oversight is arguably attributable to the dominant use of artificial laboratory methods instead of field studies to test the self-efficacy/work-related performance relationship within organisational settings. The primary purpose of this thesis is to examine self-efficacy's impact on motivation and performance within organisational settings. This focus has the potential to contribute to both knowledge and testing of theories of self-efficacy and work related performance as well as wider dissemination of results and potential application of self-efficacy research. In contrast, the analogous motivational concept of employee engagement has been developed and applied by consultants within organisational environments and is widely used in management practice. However, there has been little systematic research been undertaken on employee engagement, its relationship to self-efficacy, and consequent impact on performance. The secondary purpose of this thesis is to provide such an investigation. An experimental design incorporating a novel organisation theatre intervention intended to increase participant self-efficacy was employed to test the relationships between these variables. The study confirmed self-efficacy has a similar influence on work-related performance in organisational settings that laboratory studies had previously found and that employee engagement is a related but independent predictor of work-related performance. The study also demonstrated organisation theatre interventions effectively act as mechanisms for lower-level empowerment. The thesis draws on the field experiment's impact on self-efficacy, work performance and empowerment to make a contribution to the self-efficacy, employee engagement and organisational change literatures while having the potential to enhance the impact of self-efficacy research on management practice.
Locke's Ideational Account of Causation
Creators: name: Connolly, Patrick J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Commentators have long alleged that Locke has no consistent or coherent account of causation. My purpose in this paper is to challenge this claim and present a new interpretation of Locke on causation. The key feature of my interpretation is that it situates Locke's account of causation squarely within his theory of ideas. First, I will discuss the work of previous commentators and explain why they found Locke's account to be a failure. Then, primarily through a close examination of Book II Chapter 26 of the Essay, I will offer an alternative account of Locke's view of causation. I will spend considerable time demonstrating and defending the ideational nature of this account. Finally, I will consider the implications my reading has for Lockean perception and an objection which pertains to the nature of real ideas.
On squares in special sets of finite fields
Creators: name: Gabdullin, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the linear vector space formed by the elements of the finite fields $\mathbb{F}_q$ with $q=p^r$ over $\mathbb{F}_p$. Let $\{a_1,\ldots,a_r\}$ be a basis of this space. Then the elements $x$ of $\mathbb{F}_q$ have a unique representation in the form $\sum_{j=1}^r c_ja_j$ with $c_j\in\mathbb{F}_p$. Let $D_1,\ldots,D_r$ be subsets of $\mathbb{F}_p$. We consider the set $W=W(D_1,\ldots,D_r)$ of elements of $\mathbb{F}_q$ such that $c_j \in D_j$ for all $j=1,\ldots,r$. We give an estimate for the number of squares in the set $W$ which implies an asymptotic formula for this quantity in the case when the sets $D_1,\ldots,D_r$ are "large on average" and a sufficient condition for the existence of squares in the set $W$.
description: 9 pages, in Russian
The variation of the fine-structure constant from disformal couplings
Creators: name: van de Bruck, Carsten
name: Mifsud, Jurgen
name: Nunes, Nelson J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a theory in which the electromagnetic field is disformally coupled to a scalar field, in addition to a usual non-minimal electromagnetic coupling. We show that disformal couplings modify the expression for the fine-structure constant, alpha. As a result, the theory we consider can explain the non-zero reported variation in the evolution of alpha by purely considering disformal couplings. We also find that if matter and photons are coupled in the same way to the scalar field, disformal couplings itself do not lead to a variation of the fine-structure constant. A number of scenarios are discussed consistent with the current astrophysical, geochemical, laboratory and the cosmic microwave background radiation constraints on the cosmological evolution of alpha. The models presented are also consistent with the current type Ia supernovae constraints on the effective dark energy equation of state. We find that the Oklo bound in particular puts strong constraints on the model parameters. From our numerical results, we find that the introduction of a non-minimal electromagnetic coupling enhances the cosmological variation in alpha. Better constrained data is expected to be reported by ALMA and with the forthcoming generation of high-resolution ultra-stable spectrographs such as PEPSI, ESPRESSO, and ELT-HIRES. Furthermore, an expected increase in the sensitivity of molecular and nuclear clocks will put a more stringent constraint on current laboratory measurements.
description: 21 pages, 3 figures
Synthesis report on current datasets and their applicability of ecosystem services mapping and modelling. REGREEN Deliverable D3.1
Creators: name: Banzhaf, Ellen
name: Bird, David Neil
name: Blanco, Eduardo
name: Fletcher, David
name: Jones, Laurence
name: Knopp, Julius
name: Luo, Xiangyu
name: Wu, Wanben
name: Yang, Jun
Publisher: name: REGREEN Fostering nature‐based solutions for smart, green and healthy urban transitions in Europe and China.
Year: 2020

description: This synthesis report is part of the deliverables of the EC funded REGREEN project and elaborates a profound baseline for further integrated research in Work Package 3, “Mapping and Modelling Ecosystem Services” in their multiple expressions for human well-being provided by nature-based solutions (NBS). It covers the first nine months of the project’s runtime in which we evaluate scale-dependent data and models by exploiting existing frameworks and collating data at various scales to quantify ecosystem services (ES), spanning green and blue infrastructure in varied cultural and climatic contexts.

Based on the indicator frameworks EKLIPSE and Nature4Cities, we continue to develop an integrated and lean indicator framework to capture synergies and trade-offs from NBS for multiple ES, thus allowing for weighting and setting priorities of the demand and supply indicators and fulfil the best adapted NBS at differing spatial scales. Existing maps and models, aiming at quantifying specific ES, vary in complexity and applicability. The purpose is to evaluate available data at different scales as well as mapping characteristics and modelling in order to explore suitability and applicability for quantification of ES in the respective urban living labs (ULLs).

By pulling the different disciplinary strands together and understanding each other’s research approaches, we are able to formulate the common need for data, and establish a common understanding of indicators and their related frameworks for ES, as well as illustrating the linkages to other work packages.

Our most important results are a first mapping of land use and land cover in different ULLs presented in Section 5, and, and first modelling achievements exemplified in Section 6. Beyond, to deepen our common understanding of ES mapping and modelling, we developed eight fact sheets that display our products, methods, and pinpointed aims for NBS implementations in REGREEN (see Appendix).

To conclude, we continue our research for the very specific need of the respective ULLs. Evidently, not all ULLs have the same demand for NBS interventions. Hence we distinguish between these specific NBS demands regarding type and scale of intervention. To do so, we will pinpoint on the supply by respective mapping and modelling of ES to carve out the most suitable bundles of NBS interventions.
Classification of eventually periodic subshifts
Creators: name: Itzá-Ortiz, Benjamín A.
name: Malachi, Meghan B.
name: Marstaller, Austin
name: Saied, Jason
name: Stover, Sarah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We provide a classification of eventually periodic subshifts up to conjugacy and flow equivalence. We use our results to prove that each skew Sturmian subshift is conjugate to exactly one other skew Sturmian subshift and that all skew Sturmian subshifts are flow equivalent to one another.
description: 17 pages
Prevention of radiation dysphagia from a multidisciplinary point of view: A scoping review protocol
Creators: name: Blanař, Vít
name: Hlinák, Radim
name: Pospíchal, Jan
name: Lieová, Anna
name: Škvrňáková, Jana
name: Vodička, Jan
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neoplasms
subject: Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition
subject: Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases
subject: Diseases
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: #dysphagia
subject: #irradiation
subject: #nutrition

description: Study focuses on the prevention of the dysphagia before, during and after irradiation. The point of view is multidisciplinary including nursing, radiology, nutrition, otorhinolaryngology, oncology and speech therapy fields. All periods of time of publication and any duration of patients follow-up are eligible.
The global uniqueness and $C^1$-regularity of geodesics in expanding impulsive gravitational waves
Creators: name: Podolsky, Jiri
name: Sämann, Clemens
name: Steinbauer, Roland
name: Svarc, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 83C15, 83C35, 83C10, 34A36

description: We study geodesics in the complete family of expanding impulsive gravitational waves propagating in spaces of constant curvature, that is Minkowski, de Sitter and anti-de Sitter universes. Employing the continuous form of the metric we rigorously prove existence and global uniqueness of continuously differentiable geodesics (in the sense of Filippov) and study their interaction with the impulsive wave. Thereby we justify the "$C^1$-matching procedure" used in the literature to derive their explicit form.
description: 24 pages, 2 figures
Magnetic fields do not suppress global star formation in low metallicity dwarf galaxies
Creators: name: Whitworth, David J.
name: Smith, Rowan J.
name: Klessen, Ralf S.
name: Mac Low, Mordecai-Mark
name: Glover, Simon C. O.
name: Tress, Robin
name: Pakmor, Rudiger
name: Soler, Juan D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many studies concluded that magnetic fields suppress star formation in molecular clouds and Milky Way like galaxies. However, most of these studies are based on fully developed fields that have reached the saturation level, with little work on investigating how an initial weak primordial field affects star formation in low metallicity environments. In this paper, we investigate the impact of a weak initial field on low metallicity dwarf galaxies. We perform high-resolution AREPO simulations of five isolated dwarf galaxies. Two models are hydrodynamical, two start with a primordial magnetic field of 10$^{-6} μ$G and different sub-solar metallicities, and one starts with a saturated field of 10$^{-2} μ$G. All models include a non-equilibrium, time-dependent chemical network that includes the effects of gas shielding from the ambient ultraviolet field. Sink particles form directly from the gravitational collapse of gas and are treated as star-forming clumps that can accrete gas. We vary the ambient uniform far ultraviolet field, and cosmic ray ionization rate between 1\% and 10\% of solar values. We find that the magnetic field has little impact on the global star formation rate, which is in tension with some previously published results. We further find that the initial field strength has little impact on the global star formation rate. We show that an increase in the mass fractions of both molecular hydrogen and cold gas, along with changes in the perpendicular gas velocity dispersion and the magnetic field acting in the weak-field model, overcome the expected suppression in star formation.
description: 19 pages, 19 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Holographic Anomalous Chiral Current Near a Boundary
Creators: name: Miao, Rong-Xin
name: Zeng, Yu-Qian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Due to the Weyl anomaly, an axial vector field produces novel anomalous chiral currents in spacetime with boundaries. Remarkably, the chiral current is not invariant under the gauge transformation of axial vector fields. As a result, more potential terms appear, and the chiral current becomes larger than the electric current near the boundary. This paper investigates the anomalous chiral current in AdS/BCFT. We find that the minimal holographic model of the axial vector field cannot produce the expected chiral current. To resolve this problem, we propose adding a suitable boundary action. Furthermore, we notice a similar situation for holographic condensation. Finally, we obtain the shape dependence of holographic chiral current and verify that it agrees with the field-theoretical result.
description: 12 pages, 0 figure, revision accepted for publication in PLB
From The Man With the Hoe to Tobacco Road: Class, Poverty and Religion and the Southern Tenant Farmers' Union
Creators: name: Harvey, Shannon Lorraine
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2012

description: This thesis explores the intersections of poverty, class and religion as they were debated and depicted within the Southern Tenant Farmers' Union (STFU). The STFU was a Christian and socialist inflected union of agricultural laborers that formed in response to the Agricultural Adjustment Act in 1934. I contextualize these depictions within the larger context of debates about poverty and religion in Depression Era literature and academic scholarship, particularly as they relate to the figure of the Southern sharecropper. Particular attention is paid to the figure of minister and Socialist Party member Howard Kester, and his role as an intermediary between the union and middle class audiences.
Single-photon hot electron ionization of C$_{70}$
Creators: name: Andersson, Åke
name: Schio, Luca
name: Richter, Robert
name: Alagia, Michele
name: Stranges, Stefano
name: Ferrari, Piero
name: Hansen, Klavs
name: Zhaunerchyk, Vitali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gas phase C$_{70}$ molecules have been ionized with single photons of energies between 16 eV and 70 eV and the electron spectra measured with velocity map imaging in coincidence with the ions. The doubly ionized and unfragmented species was present at photon energies of 22 eV and up, and triply charged ions from 55 eV. The low kinetic energy parts of the spectra are explained with thermal emission of transient hot electrons. Deviations at high photon energies are used to determine a value for the initial electron equilibration time. We propose a generally applicable mechanism, named Resonance Ionization Shadowing, for the creation of hot electrons by absorption of above-threshold energy photons.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Decontextualization and the Search for Origins: A Persian Architectural Fragment in the Ackland Art Museum
Creators: name: Halsted, Lyla
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The Ackland Museum in Chapel Hill, North Carolina acquired a stone fragment from Mr. and Mrs. Osbourne Hauge in 1998. This piece has been referred to since as a “Stone Balustrade with Animal and Vegetal Decoration” by the museum. The museum catalogue emphasizes the aesthetic qualities of the piece rather than its nature as an architectural fragment due to a lack of information about the object’s origins. In order to move beyond the lost provenance of the object, I will analyze its relation to similar fragments in the Metropolitan Museum, Cleveland Museum, the Art Institute of Chicago and the David Collection in Copenhagen. I will incorporate fragments from the Hegmataneh Hill Museum (in Hamadan, Iran) in order to expand the corpus of known fragments beyond Euro-American collections. This thesis will examine these objects in relation to their current contexts and as a network of pieces rather than decontextualized fragments.
CATCH: Chasing All Transients Constellation Hunters Space Mission
Creators: name: Li, Panping
name: Yin, Qian-Qing
name: Li, Zhengwei
name: Tao, Lian
name: Wen, Xiangyang
name: Zhang, Shuang-Nan
name: Qi, Liqiang
name: Zhang, Juan
name: Zhao, Donghua
name: Li, Dalin
name: Yu, Xizheng
name: Bu, Qingcui
name: Chen, Wen
name: Chen, Yupeng
name: Huang, Yiming
name: Huang, Yue
name: Jin, Ge
name: Li, Gang
name: Liu, Hongbang
name: Liu, Xiaojing
name: Ma, Ruican
name: Peng, Wenxi
name: Tang, Ruijing
name: Wang, Yusa
name: Xiao, Jingyu
name: Xiong, Shaolin
name: Yang, Sheng
name: Yang, Yanji
name: Zhang, Chen
name: Zhang, Tianchong
name: Zhang, Liang
name: Zhang, Xuan
name: Zhao, Haisheng
name: Zhao, Kang
name: Zhao, Qingchang
name: Zhao, Shujie
name: Zhou, Xing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In time-domain astronomy, a substantial number of transients will be discovered by multi-wavelength and multi-messenger observatories, posing a great challenge for follow-up capabilities. We have thus proposed an intelligent X-ray constellation, the Chasing All Transients Constellation Hunters (CATCH) space mission. Consisting of 126 micro-satellites in three types, CATCH will have the capability to perform follow-up observations for a large number of different types of transients simultaneously. Each satellite in the constellation will carry lightweight X-ray optics and use a deployable mast to increase the focal length. The combination of different optics and detector systems enables different types of satellites to have multiform observation capabilities, including timing, spectroscopy, imaging, and polarization. Controlled by the intelligent system, different satellites can cooperate to perform uninterrupted monitoring, all-sky follow-up observations, and scanning observations with a flexible field of view (FOV) and multi-dimensional observations. Therefore, CATCH will be a powerful mission to study the dynamic universe. Here, we present the current design of the spacecraft, optics, detector system, constellation configuration and observing modes, as well as the development plan.
description: Accepted for publication in Experimental Astronomy. 43 pages, 15 figures, 4 tables
Data Association for an Adaptive Multi-target Particle Filter Tracking System
Creators: name: Alampay, R.
name: Teknomo, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.5.4

description: This paper presents a novel approach to improve the accuracy of tracking multiple objects in a static scene using a particle filter system by introducing a data association step, a state queue for the collection of tracked objects and adaptive parameters to the system. The data association step makes use of the object detection phase and appearance model to determine if the approximated targets given by the particle filter step match the given set of detected objects. The remaining detected objects are used as information to instantiate new objects for tracking. State queues are also used for each tracked object to deal with occlusion events and occlusion recovery. Finally we present how the parameters adjust to occlusion events. The adaptive property of the system is also used for possible occlusion recovery. Results of the system are then compared to a ground truth data set for performance evaluation. Our system produced accurate results and was able to handle partially occluded objects as well as proper occlusion recovery from tracking multiple objects
Elliptic flow in heavy-ion collisions at intermediate energy: the role of impact parameter, mean field potential, and collision term
Creators: name: Gao, Bo
name: Wang, Yongjia
name: Gao, Zepeng
name: Li, Qingfeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the ultrarelativistic quantum molecular dynamics (UrQMD) model, by reverse tracing nucleons that are finally emitted at mid-rapidity (|$y_0$| < 0.1) in the entire reaction process, the time evolution of elliptic flow ($v_2$) of these traced nucleons produced in Au+Au collisions at beam energy of 0.4 GeV$/$nucleon with different impact parameters ($b$) is studied. The initial value of $v_2$ is positive and increases with $b$, then it decreases as time passes and tends to saturate at a negative value. It is found that nucleon-nucleon collisions always depress the value of $v_2$ (enhance the out-of-plane emission), while the nuclear mean field potential may slightly raise the value of $v_2$ during the expansion stage in peripheral reactions. The related density mostly probed by $v_2$ of nucleons at mid-rapidity is found to be $\sim$ 60% of the maximum density reached during the collisions.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
PARENTAL GOALS AND STRATEGIES FOR CHILDREN WITH AUTISM: CONSIDERATIONS FOR DIVERSE FAMILIES
Creators: name: Robinson, Katharine Haywood
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2013

description: Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is increasingly prevalent among children in the U.S. For school children with ASD, parents and educators strive to identify goals to enhance development. Unfortunately, parental goals for their children are not always understood by educators, especially among parents of diverse backgrounds. The purpose of this study is to increase understanding of parental goals for children with ASD and explore how goals affect services and supports parents seek. Five parents from diverse backgrounds participated in qualitative, in depth interviews during which they described their goals and interventions for their children. Through microanalysis of data, differences in short and long term goals were identified based on culture, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and family background. Informal and formal supports were discussed as they related to goals. By cultivating increased understanding of parent perspectives, this study promotes effective early intervention strategies by aligning parental goals to the education children receive.