cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The case for labeling green : a literature review of municipal climate bonds
Creators: name: Roberts, Casey Michael
name: 0000-0002-8203-0355
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2020
Subjects: Green bond
Municipal bond

description: The Climate Bond Initiative’s ‘Green Bond’ certification process is a new and challenging situation for the State of California’s municipal bond issuers. When issuing a new bond that incorporates environmental climate bond acts, municipal bond issuers must consider the cost versus value to labeling a bond as green. Using a thematic literature review methodology, this paper analyzes the intersection between municipal bonds and green bonds and provides an analysis through a case study of two municipal bond issuances – one green and one conventional. This case-study serves as an example for policymakers to evaluate the labeling of a municipal bond as ‘green’ or not. We provide to policy decisionmakers an analytical synthesis of a three-pronged decision fork of whether the issuing of a ‘conventional’ municipal bond, a municipal ‘green’ bond, or of a ‘certified green municipal bond’ impacts the environmental objectives, financial readiness and investor appetite of each of those courses of action. This three-pronged decision-tree provides further environmental context and fills in the gap in the literature with an off-the-shelf example for policymakers. Lastly, in our analysis of the literature, we find that the ‘green-bond-in-name-only’ approach to labeling a municipal bond and its bond acts is the most cost-effective, and impact investment-appropriate method choice for California policymakers. We provide evidence to support that this decision gives the highest return on both investment and return on impact for the State of California
The effects of strain and ploidy on the physiological responses of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to pH 9.5 exposure
Creators: name: Thompson, William Andrew
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: British Columba (BC) has a well-established lake-stocking program that relies on hatchery-reared rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) from multiple wild and domesticated strains. These strains are stocked into BC lakes as diploids and triploids and, in general, high mortality rates are common after lake stocking due to environmental conditions. Of particular concern is that some lakes in BC are approaching a pH of 9.5, and it is not known if strain and ploidy affects the physiological responses of trout to high pH exposure. The goal of this thesis is to understand the effects of pH exposure, in both soft and hard water, on wild and domestic strains of trout as diploids and triploids. In soft water, high pH exposure resulted in more than 40% loss of equilibrium in the wild strains of trout while the Fraser Valley domesticated strain had fewer than 10% of individuals lose equilibrium overall. There were no clear differences between ploidies in loss of equilibrium. High pH exposure caused significant increases in plasma and tissue ammonia, with no differences between strains or ploidies in ammonia accumulation. In the brain, glutamine increased in response to high pH exposure and glutamate decreased suggesting a protective mechanism of glutamine production in high pH. Plasma lactate accumulated in all groups, suggesting an increase in anaerobic metabolism as a result of high pH exposure. There were no physiological differences between high pH exposure in hard and soft water among the strains tested. However, triploid rainbow trout suffered a greater loss of equilibrium than diploid trout, occurring in conjunction with a significant elevation of brain ammonia in triploid rainbow trout when compared to diploid trout in high pH water. Overall, the results of this thesis demonstrate an effect of strain on high pH tolerance in trout, but the differences in tolerance appear to not be explained by differences in ion regulation and ammonia balance.
Auslegung, Simulation und Validierung einer Apparatur zur Aufbringung hoher Scherbelastungen auf Zellen in Suspension
Creators: name: Drobek, Christoph
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences Medicine
subject: 620 Engineering & allied operations

description: In dieser Arbeit wird die Auslegung, Simulation und Validierung eines Versuchsaufbaus zur Aufbringung hoher Scherraten auf Zellen bei gleichzeitig laminarer Strömung beschrieben. Der Versuchsaufbau basiert auf einem Taylor-Couette-System mit angetriebenem Außenzylinder. Der laminar-turbulente Umschlag im Scherspalt wurde experimentell für verschiedene Zellmedien bestimmt sowie durch CFD-Simulationen ebenfalls die Verteilung der Scherrate. Scherversuche mit Zellen zeigten die gute Eignung der Apparatur sowie erste Tendenzen zur Vitalität der untersuchten Zellen bei verschiedenen Scherraten.
Symptom-related attributional biases in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
Creators: name: Sanford, Nicole Alexandra
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Impairments in social cognition are known to have severe impacts on functional outcome in schizophrenia. Attributional biases (i.e., biases towards assigning blame/credit to oneself, other people, or to the situation) are of particular interest due to their direct relevance to paranoid delusions and potential implication in cognitive-based treatments. A "defense" model of paranoid delusions proposed by Bentall, Kinderman, and Kaney (1994) suggests that paranoid individuals possess an extreme self-serving bias, with a specific tendency to blame other people as opposed to the situation (i.e., personalizing bias). In addition, an inability to integrate belief-disconfirming information is thought to underlie the fixedness of delusions. However, these biases have not been investigated simultaneously to check for additive or multiplicative effects on associations with symptoms. Moreover, previous studies have failed to take into account the heterogeneity of the symptoms of psychosis. The present research employed structural equation modelling and constrained principal component analysis in schizophrenia patients, bipolar disorder patients, and healthy individuals to examine the extent to which group differences and symptom severity could predict patterns of responding on a novel attributional bias task, designed to assess an individual's ability to integrate contextual information in conjunction with attributional reasoning. In line with the defense model of paranoia, it was predicted that schizophrenia patients with severe paranoid delusions would display enhanced self-serving and personalizing biases. However, no differences between diagnostic- or symptom-based participant groups were found. Conversely, the severity of symptoms of overactive disorganization in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder patients predicted higher situation attributions and self-blame (specifically when such attributions were unsupported by the available evidence), while higher depression in healthy participants was negatively related to situation attributions and lower self-credit. These findings suggest that non-self-serving bases may be non-specifically related to high psychopathology, while an ability to integrate socially-relevant contextual information to consider other people’s roles in events may be reduced in overactive disorganization in mental illness, and is negatively related to depression in healthy individuals. The absence of noticeable group differences in attributional biases illustrates the importance of employing a multivariate symptom-based approach when studying complex cognitive processes in psychosis.
A new delivery route to Galactic Nuclei: Warm halo cloud impacts
Creators: name: McKernan, Barry
name: Maller, Ari
name: Ford, K. E. Saavik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new mechanism for the delivery of gas to the heart of galactic nuclei. We show that warm halo clouds must periodically impact galactic centers and potentially deliver a large (~10^{4-6} M_{solar}) mass of gas to the galactic nucleus in a singular event. The impact of an accreting warm halo cloud originating far in the galactic halo can, depending on mixing, produce a nuclear starburst of low metallicity stars as well as low luminosity accretion onto the central black hole. Based on multiphase cooling around a LambdaCDM distribution of halos we calculate the nuclear impact rate, the mass captured by the central black hole and the fraction of active nuclei for impacting cloud masses in the range ~10^{4}-10^{6}M_{solar}. If there is moderate braking during cloud infall, our model predicts an average fraction of low luminosity active nuclei consistent with observations.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure ApJL (accepted), uses emulateapj
Weak Corrections are Relevant for Dark Matter Indirect Detection
Creators: name: Ciafaloni, Paolo
name: Comelli, Denis
name: Riotto, Antonio
name: Sala, Filippo
name: Strumia, Alessandro
name: Urbano, Alfredo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The computation of the energy spectra of Standard Model particles originated from the annihilation/decay of dark matter particles is of primary importance in indirect searches of dark matter. We compute how the inclusion of electroweak corrections significantly alter such spectra when the mass M of dark matter particles is larger than the electroweak scale: soft electroweak gauge bosons are copiously radiated opening new channels in the final states which otherwise would be forbidden if such corrections are neglected. All stable particles are therefore present in the final spectrum, independently of the primary channel of dark matter annihilation/decay. Such corrections are model independent.
description: 38 pages (half are technical appendices), 7 figures
Update to the Bodek-Yang Unified Model for Electron- and Neutrino- Nucleon Scattering Cross Sections
Creators: name: Bodek, Arie
name: Yang, Un-Ki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a model for inelastic neutrino- and electron-nucleon scattering cross sections using effective leading order parton distribution functions with a new scaling variable $ξ_w$. Non-perturbative effects are well described using the $ξ_w$ scaling variable, in combination with multiplicative $K$ factors at low $Q^2$. Our model describes all inelastic charged lepton-nucleon scattering (including resonance) data (HERA/NMC/BCDMS/SLAC/JLab) ranging from very high $Q^2$ to very low $Q^2$ and down to the photo-production region. The model describes existing inelastic neutrino-nucleon scattering measurements, and is currently used in analyses of neutrino oscillation experiments in the few GeV region.
description: Presented at 35th International Conference of High Energy Physics - ICHEP2010, July 22-28, 2010, Paris France. Four pages
Plasmon Enhanced Solar-to-Fuel Energy Conversion
Creators: name: Thomann, I.
name: Pinaud, B. A.
name: Chen, Z.
name: Clemens, B. M.
name: Jaramillo, T. F.
name: Brongersma, Mark. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Future generations of photoelectrodes for solar fuel generation must employ inexpensive, earth-abundant absorber materials in order to provide a large-scale source of clean energy. These materials tend to have poor electrical transport properties and exhibit carrier diffusion lengths which are significantly shorter than the absorption depth of light. As a result, many photo-excited carriers are generated too far from a reactive surface, and recombine instead of participating in solar-to-fuel-conversion. We demonstrate that plasmonic resonances in metallic nanostructures and multi-layer interference effects can be engineered to strongly concentrate sunlight close to the electrode/liquid interface, precisely where the relevant reactions take place. By comparing spectral features in the enhanced photocurrent spectra to full-field electromagnetic simulations, the contribution of surface plasmon excitations is verified. These results open the door to the optimization of a wide variety of photochemical processes by leveraging the rapid advances in the field of plasmonics.
Characterization of silicon thin overlayers on rutile \ce{TiO2} (110)-(1x1)
Creators: name: Abad, J.
name: Gonzalez, C.
name: de Andres, P. L.
name: Roman, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Silicon thin films for coverages ($θ$) between 0.3 and 3 monolayers have been grown on rutile \ce{TiO2}(110)-(1x1) at room temperature and studied by x-ray and ultra-violet photoelectron spectroscopies, Auger electron spectroscopy, and low energy electron diffraction (LEED). A clear evidence of a strong \ce{Si}/\ce{TiO2} interaction consistent with the high affinity of O for Si has been found. The Ti cations on the substrate are reduced, while the Si film is oxidized, yielding \ce{SiO2} and a mixture of silicon suboxides. Neutral Si atoms are observed at a coverage of 3 monolayers. At the interface region we observe the formation of cross-linking Ti-O-Si bonds. The thin Si overlayer strongly attenuates the $(1 \times 1)$ LEED pattern from the substrate. Finally, thermal annealing results in the improvement of the \ce{SiO2} stoichiometry, but the surface order is not recovered. Using ab-initio density functional theory we have obtained optimum geometrical configurations and corresponding density of states for 1/3 \le θ\le 1$ monolayers of Si adsorbed on the $1 \times 1$ two-dimensional unit cell.
A Fast Generalized Minimum Distance Decoder for Reed-Solomon Codes Based on the Extended Euclidean Algorithm
Creators: name: Kampf, Sabine
name: Bossert, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a method to determine a set of basis polynomials from the extended Euclidean algorithm that allows Generalized Minimum Distance decoding of Reed-Solomon codes with a complexity of O(nd).
description: ISIT Austin 2010
VLBA Astrometric Observations of the Cassini Spacecraft at Saturn
Creators: name: Jones, D. L.
name: Fomalont, E.
name: Dhawan, V.
name: Romney, J.
name: Folkner, W. M.
name: Lanyi, G.
name: Border, J.
name: Jacobson, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The planetary ephemeris is an essential tool for interplanetary spacecraft navigation, studies of solar system dynamics (including, for example, barycenter corrections for pulsar timing ephemeredes), the prediction of occultations, and tests of general relativity. We are carrying out a series of astrometric VLBI observations of the Cassini spacecraft currently in orbit around Saturn, using the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA). These observations provide positions for the center of mass of Saturn in the International Celestial Reference Frame (ICRF) with accuracies ~0.3 milli-arcsecond (1.5 nrad), or about 2 km at the average distance of Saturn. This paper reports results from eight observing epochs between 2006 October and 2009 April. These data are combined with two VLBA observations by other investigators in 2004 and a Cassini-based gravitational deflection measurement by Fomalont et al. in 2009 to constrain a new ephemeris (DE 422). The DE 422 post-fit residuals for Saturn with respect to the VLBA data are generally 0.2 mas, but additional observations are needed to improve the positions of all of our phase reference sources to this level. Over time we expect to be able to improve the accuracy of all three coordinates in the Saturn ephemeris (latitude, longitude, and range) by a factor of at least three. This will represent a significant improvement not just in the Saturn ephemeris but also in the link between the inner and outer solar system ephemeredes and in the link to the inertial ICRF.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal
Analysis on Dual Supply Inventory Model having Negative Arrivals and Finite Life Time Inventory
Creators: name: M.L. Soujanyaa
name: P. Vijaya Laxmib
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2021
Subjects: Matrix analytic method
Steady state distributions
Perishable inventory
Replenishment time
Negative arrivals
Dual supply inventory model
Cost function optimization

description: In this paper the impact of dual supply chain on a perishable inventory model with negative arrivals is evaluated. The perishable and replenishment rates of dual suppliers are distributed exponentially. Arrival process follows Poisson distribution and the probability for an ordinary customer is p and for the negative customer is q. Limiting distribution of the assumed model is obtained. Numerical results are presented for cost function and various system performance parameters. The impact of dual suppliers on the optimal reorder points will be useful in developing strategies for handling various perishable inventory problems with replenishment rates.
A New Generalization of Exponential Distribution for Modelling reliability Data
Creators: name: V. Jilesh
name: Aifoona Ahammed P.M
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2021
Subjects: Exponential distribution
Reliability
Maximum likelihood estimation

description: In this paper, a new generalization of the exponential distribution is proposed. Different properties, important reliability measures and special cases of this distribution are investigated. Unknown parameters are estimated using the maximum likelihood method of estimation. A simulation study is carried out to assess the accuracy of the maximum likelihood estimates. Two real data sets are successfully modelled with the proposed distribution.
AN OPTIMUM RESOURCE SCORE ESTIMATION METHOD USING BIPARTITE GRAPH MODEL AND SINGLE NODE SYSTEMATIC SAMPLING
Creators: name: Rajoriya, Deepika
name: D. Shukla
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2021
Subjects: Graph
Bipartite Graph
Estimator
Bias
Mean Squared Error (MSE)
Optimum Choice
Confidence intervals (C.I.)

description: Consider a graphical population of vertices (nodes) and edges, where edges are connected with vertices to form a Bipartite graph. A complete Bipartite graph has vertices that can be partitioned into two subsets such that no edge has both endpoints in the same subset, and every possible edge connected to vertices in different subsets is a part of graph. In real life, there may hundreds of cities where at least one possible way exists reaching source to destinations. Several tourist places and small towns are the examples where the road transportation is available between origin and destination and these roads constitute Bipartite graph when they are like edges. The travel needs resource consumption who could be measured through resource-score. Walking at the hill station needs more energy consumption than at the plane area. This paper suggests an example to estimate the resource consumption by the values of score. Further, paper proposes a sample based methodology for calculating the average resource consumption between a pair of small town (city) and tourist place. Bipartite graph is used as a model tool. A single-node systematic sampling procedure is proposed under the Bipartite graph setup which is found useful for solution. The suggested estimation strategy is optimum at specific choice of parametric values. For quick selection, ready-reckoner tables are prepared who provide immediate optimum choice of constant. Results are numerically supported by the empirical study and proved by the calculation of confidence intervals.
Modeling the IDV emissions of the BL Lac Objects with a Langevin type stochastic differential equation
Creators: name: Leung, C. S.
name: Wei, J. Y.
name: Harko, T.
name: Kovacs, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we introduce a simplified model for explaining the observations of the optical intraday variability (IDV) of the BL Lac Objects. We assume that the source of the IDV are the stochastic oscillations of an accretion disk around a supermassive black hole. The Stochastic Fluctuations on the vertical direction of the accretion disk are described by using a Langevin type equation with a damping term and a random, white noise type force. Furthermore, the preliminary numerical simulation results are presented, which are based on the numerical analysis of the Langevin stochastic differential equation.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in J. Astrophys. Astr
Availability And Performance Analysis Of Computer Network With Dual-Server Using Gumbel-Hougaard Family Copula Distribution
Creators: name: Tukur, Ismail
name: Kabiru H. Ibrahim
name: Isa, Muhammad Salihu
name: Yusuf, Ibrahim
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2021
Subjects: Reliability
Availability
Sensitivity
(MTTF) mean time to system failure
Gumbel − Hougaard
family
cost Analysis and supplementary variable techniques

description: The determination of this paper is to study reliability measures and routine analysis of computer network, which is a combination of four subsystems A, B, C and D and all the subsystem connected in series parallel pattern, the subsystem A is client, the subsystem B is load balancer and subsystem C is servers which is divided in to two subsystem (i.e. subsystem C1 and subsystem C2) and C1andC2 served as computer servers together with two unit each and working 1-out-of-2: G policy, and subsystem D is centralized server. The system has two types of failure, degraded and complete failure. The system can completely fail due to failure of one of the following subsystems A, B, C and D. The system is at partial failed state if at least one unit is working in either subsystem C1 or subsystem C2.The system is examined using supplementary variables techniques and Laplace transform. General distribution and copula family are employed to restore degraded and complete failed state respectively. Calculated results have been highlighted by the means of tables and graphs.
Self-injection-locked magnetron as an active ring resonator side coupled to a waveguide with a delayed feedback loop
Creators: name: Bliokh, Y. P.
name: Krasik, Ya. E.
name: Felsteiner, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The theoretical analysis and numerical simulations of the magnetron operation with a feedback loop were performed assuming that the delay of the electromagnetic wave propagating in the loop is constant whereas the phase of the complex feedback reflection coefficient is varied. Results of simulations showed that by a proper adjustment of values of the time delay and phase of reflection coefficient that determines phase matching between the waves in the resonator and feedback loop, one can increase the magnetron's output power significantly without any other additional measures.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Advances in Modeling of Scanning Charged-Particle-Microscopy Images
Creators: name: Cizmar, Petr
name: Vladar, Andras E.
name: Postek, Michael T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modeling artificial scanning electron microscope (SEM) and scanning ion microscope images has recently become important. This is because of the need to provide repeatable images with a priori determined parameters. Modeled artificial images are highly useful in the evaluation of new imaging and metrological techniques, like image-sharpness calculation, or drift-corrected image composition (DCIC). Originally, the NIST-developed artificial image generator was designed only to produce the SEM images of gold-on-carbon resolution sample for image-sharpness evaluation. Since then, the new improved version of the software was written in C++ programming language and is in the Public Domain. The current version of the software can generate arbitrary samples, any drift function, and many other features. This work describes scanning in charged-particle microscopes, which is applied both in the artificial image generator and the DCIC technique. As an example, the performance of the DCIC technique is demonstrated.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Cluster Formation In An Acyclic Digraph Adding New Edges
Creators: name: Gurami Tsitsiashvili
name: Osipova, Marina
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2021
Subjects: cluster
maximal matching
increasing alternating path
minimal edge cover
bipartite graph
star
Hamiltonian path
Eulerian path

description: In this paper, we construct an algorithm for converting an acyclic digraph that defines the structure of a complex system into a class of cyclically equivalent vertices by adding several additional edges to the digraph. This addition of the digraph makes it possible to introduce negative feedbacks and, consequently, to stabilize the functioning of the complex system under consideration and so to increase its reliability.To do this, the original digraph is transformed into a bipartite undirected graph, in which only the input and output vertices and the edges between them remain. In the constructed bipartite undirected graph, we search for the minimal edge cover and restore the orientation of the edges in it. Next, we construct an algorithm for adding new edges, based on the search for Hamiltonian (or Eulerian) paths and turning the minimum edge cover into a class of cyclically equivalent vertices. The minimal number of edges to be added is not larger than the number of edges in the minimum edge cover.
Radiative emission of solar features in the Ca II K line: comparison of measurements and models
Creators: name: Ermolli, I.
name: Criscuoli, S.
name: Uitenbroek, H.
name: Giorgi, F.
name: Rast, M. P.
name: Solanki, S. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the radiative emission of various types of solar features, such as quiet Sun, enhanced network, plage, and bright plage regions, identified on filtergrams taken in the Ca II K line. We analysed fulldisk images obtained with the PSPT, by using three interference filters that sample the Ca II K line with different bandpasses. We studied the dependence of the radiative emission of disk features on the filter bandpass. We also performed a NLTE spectral synthesis of the Ca II K line integrated over the bandpass of PSPT filters. The synthesis was carried out by utilizing both the PRD and CRD with the most recent set of semi empirical atmosphere models in the literature and some earlier atmosphere models. We measured the CLV of intensity values for various solar features identified on PSPT images and compared the results obtained with those derived from the synthesis. We find that CRD calculations derived using the most recent quiet Sun model, on average, reproduce the measured values of the quiet Sun regions slightly more accurately than PRD computations with the same model. This may reflect that the utilized atmospheric model was computed assuming CRD. Calculations with PRD on earlier quiet Sun model atmospheres reproduce measured quantities with a similar accuracy as to that achieved here by applying CRD to the recent model. We also find that the median contrast values measured for most of the identified bright features, disk positions, and filter widths are, on average, a factor 1.9 lower than those derived from PRD simulations performed using the recent bright feature models. The discrepancy between measured and modeled values decreases by 12% after taking into account straylight effects on PSPT images. PRD computations on either the most recent or the earlier atmosphere models of bright features reproduce measurements from plage and bright plage regions with a similar accuracy.
description: 14 pages, 18 figures, accepted by A&A
Critical Review Of Rams Tools And Techinques For The Analysis Of Multi Component Complex Systems
Creators: name: Parkash, Shanti
name: P.C. Tewari
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2021
Subjects: Reliability
Availability
Maintainability
Safety
Decision Support System
Markov
Petri Nets

description: This work provides the critical review of usefulness of Reliability, Availability, Maintainability and Safety (RAMS) approaches in complex mechanical systems. A broad range of research works available such as articles, conference proceedings and books covering RAMS approaches in industries as well as in the field of research is critically reviewed. These include different tools, techniques and methods which may be helpful in qualitative as well as in quantitative analysis. It provides the informations about the past and current scenario of RAMS practices in industries as well as in research. In this work the authors look for certain articles which included two or more aspects of RAMS. Limited work is reported in the field of safety.
Design of One-sided Modified S Control Charts for Monitoring a Finite Horizon Process
Creators: name: Teng, Mei Tuan
name: Teh, Sin Yin
name: Khaw, Khai Wah
name: Xinying Chew
name: Yeong, Wai Chung
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2021
Subjects: Control charting technique
finite horizon process
process variability
statistical quality control
truncated average run length

description: Control charting techniques are widely used in the manufacturing industry. One of the common charts that are used to monitor process variability is the S control chart. Finite horizon process monitoring has received great attention in the last decade. In the current literature, no attempt has been made to monitor the process variability in a finite horizon process. To fill this gap in research, this paper proposes two one-sided modified S charts for monitoring the standard deviation in a finite horizon process. The performance of the proposed charts is evaluated in terms of the truncated average run length and truncated standard deviation of the run-length criteria. The numerical performances of the proposed charts are shown with the selection of numerous process shifts. The effect of the sample sizes, the number of inspections and the process shifts are studied.
Center manifold reduction for large populations of globally coupled phase oscillators
Creators: name: Chiba, Hayato
name: Nishikawa, Isao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A bifurcation theory for a system of globally coupled phase oscillators is developed based on the theory of rigged Hilbert spaces. It is shown that there exists a finite-dimensional center manifold on a space of generalized functions. The dynamics on the manifold is derived for any coupling functions. When the coupling function is $\sin θ$, a bifurcation diagram conjectured by Kuramoto is rigorously obtained. When it is not $\sin θ$, a new type of bifurcation phenomenon is found due to the discontinuity of the projection operator to the center subspace.
Dynamical Behavior of an SEIS Epidemic Model with Nonlinear Incidence Rate
Creators: name: Saxena, Garima
name: R.K. Sharma
name: Chandrashekhar Chauhan
name: Agrawal, Ankit
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2021
Subjects: epidemic models
equilibrium
local and global stability

description: In this paper, an SEIS epidemic model with nonlinear incidence rate is studied. The basic reproduction number (R0) is calculated. The local and global stability of the disease free equilibrium E0 and the endemic equilibrium E' of the model are discussed and also the global asymptotical stability of the disease free equilibrium and endemic equilibrium are discussed. The stability analysis of the model shows that the system is locally asymptotically stable at disease free equilibrium E0 and endemic equilibrium E' under suitable conditions. Moreover, show that the disease free equilibrium and the unique endemic equilibrium of the system is globally asymptotically stable under certain conditions. Finally, numerical simulations are given to support some of the theoretical results.
Asymmetric random matrices: What do we need them for?
Creators: name: Drozdz, Stanislaw
name: Kwapien, Jaroslaw
name: Ioannides, Andreas A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Complex systems are typically represented by large ensembles of observations. Correlation matrices provide an efficient formal framework to extract information from such multivariate ensembles and identify in a quantifiable way patterns of activity that are reproducible with statistically significant frequency compared to a reference chance probability, usually provided by random matrices as fundamental reference. The character of the problem and especially the symmetries involved must guide the choice of random matrices to be used for the definition of a baseline reference. For standard correlation matrices this is the Wishart ensemble of symmetric random matrices. The real world complexity however often shows asymmetric information flows and therefore more general correlation matrices are required to adequately capture the asymmetry. Here we first summarize the relevant theoretical concepts. We then present some examples of human brain activity where asymmetric time-lagged correlations are evident and hence highlight the need for further theoretical developments.
Effect Of Activation Function In Speech Emotion Recognition On The Ravdess Dataset
Creators: name: Komal D. Anadkat
name: Hiteishi M. Diwanji
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2021
Subjects: CNN
MLP
activation function
neural network
deep learning
SER

description: Since last decade, Speech Emotion recognition has attracted extensive research attention to identify emotions by user’s pitch and voice. Many research has been done in this field to recognize emotions using different machine learning as well as deep learning approaches. In this paper ,we tried three different machine learning algorithms named SVM, Logistic regression and Random forest which take four different features named MFCC,Chroma,Mel-scale spectrogram and tonnetz as an input on RAVDESS dataset where SVM is more accurate than others. As deep learning approaches are more capable to identify hidden patterns and classify the data more accurately, we tried popular algorithm like MLP,CNN and LSTM. In deep learning approach, activation function is one of the most dominant parameters which a designer can choose to make classification more accurate. In this paper, we tried to show the effect of different activation functions on the overall accuracy of the model and analyzed the results.
Fuzzy Regression Based Patient Life Risk Rate Prediction Using Oxygen Level, Pulse Rate And Respiration Rate In Covid-19 Pandemic (FRPRPS)
Creators: name: Gaurav Kant Shankhdhar
name: Himanshu Pandey
name: Pal, Atul Kumar
name: Mishra, Sumit
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2021
Subjects: Fuzzy
Regression
Covid
Prediction
Oxygen Level
Pulse rate

description: Today, the general situation worldwide is that the hospitals, sanatoriums and medical colleges are running out of beds, oxygen, medical staff, ventilators and other required paraphernalia that is mandatory for the treatment of the vicious pandemic [1]. The requirement is for a system that takes in some input parameters like Oxygen level of the patient, pulse rate and respiration rate and in turn predicts the Life Risk Rate of that patient [2]. The model used here is a fuzzy regression model that gives the prediction of Life Risk Rate between 1 and 10 units. The lower the predicted Life Risk Rate, the better the chances of survival of the Covid patient. But if the predicted Life Risk Rate is more than the mean of the observations of the Risk in the dataset, then immediate emergency is needed. The benefit of this system is that the patients requiring immediate admission and treatment can be filtered and medical aid in hospital be thereby provided for critical patients. Rest may be home quarantined and domestic medical aid may be given to them until in some unfortunate situation their Risk Rate is near alarming. This paper aims to provide some help in this crucial situation.
Harris Extended Two Parameter Lindley Distribution and Applications in Reliability
Creators: name: Thomas, Sophia P.
name: Lishamol Tomy
name: K.K. Jose
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2021
Subjects: Acceptance Sampling Plan
Harris extended two parameter Lindley distribution
Lindley distribution
maximum likelihood estimation
hazard rate
extreme order statistics

description: This paper introduces a new generalization of the two parameter Lindley distribution distribution namely, Harris extended two parameter Lindley distribution. Various structural properties of the new distribution are derived including moments, quantile function, Renyi entropy, and mean residual life. The model parameters are estimated by maximum likelihood method. The usefulness of the new model is illustrated by means of two real data sets on Wheaton river flood and bladder cancer. Also, we derive a reliability test plan for acceptance or rejection of a lot of products submitted for inspection with lifetimes following this distribution. The operating characteristic functions of the sampling plans are obtained. The producer’s risk, minimum sample sizes and associated characteristics are computed and presented in tables. The results are illustrated using two data sets on ordered failure times of products as well as failure times of ball bearings.
On Discrete Scheduled Replacement Model of a Series-Parallel System
Creators: name: Tijjani A. Waziri
name: Yusuf, Ibrahim
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2021
Subjects: category
discrete
replacement
scheduled
time

description: This paper investigated the properties of discrete scheduled replacement model of a series-parallel system, with six units. The six units of the system formed three subsystems, which are subsystems A, B and C. Subsystem A is having three parallel units, subsystem B is having a single unit and subsystem C is having two parallel units. It is assumed that, the repairable system is subjected to two categories of failures (Category I and Category II). The mathematical expressions for both reliability function and failure rates, and an elementary renewal theorem were used based on some assumptions in constructing the discrete scheduled replacement model for a seriesparallel system. A simple illustrative numerical example where made available, so as to study the properties of the replacement model constructed.
Traveling solitons in Lorentz-violating systems
Creators: name: Dutra, A. de Souza
name: Correa, R. A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we present a class of traveling solitons in Lorentz-violating systems. In the case of Lorentz violating scenarios, it is usual to construct static solitonic configurations. Here it is shown that it is possible to construct some traveling solitons which, as it should be expected, can not be mapped into a static configuration by means of Lorentz boosts due to its explicit breaking. Furthermore, in the model studied, a complete set of solutions is obtained. The solutions present a critical behavior controlled by the choose of an arbitrary integration constant.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
On Estimating Standby Redundancy System in a MSS Model with GLFRD Based on Progressive Type II Censoring Data
Creators: name: Hassan, Marwa Kh.
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2021
Subjects: N-M Standby Redundancy System
Progressive Type II Censoring
Generalized Linear Failure Rate Distribution (GLFRD)
Multicomponent stressstrength (MSS)
Simulation study
Bootstrap
Bayes estimator
Maximum Likelihood Method

description: Redundancy is an approach to improve the reliability system. There are three main models of redundancy. In a system with standby redundancy, there are number of components only one of which works at a time and the other remain as standbys. When an impact of stress exceeds the strength of the active component, for the first time, it fails and another from standbys, if there is any, is activated and faces the impact of stresses, not necessarily identical as faced by the preceding component and the system fails when all the components have failed. In This paper, we consider the problem of estimation the reliability of a multicomponent stressstrength system called N-Mcold standby redundancy. This system includes Nsubsystem consisting of Mindependent distributed strength components only one of which works under the impact of stress. The system fails when all the components have failed. Assuming the stress and strength random variables have the generalized linear failure rate distribution with common scale parameters and different shape parameter. The reliability estimated based on progressive type II data. Simulation study is used to compare the performance of the estimators. Finally, real data set is used the proposed model in practice.
On the Use of Entropy as a Measure of Dependence of Two Events
Creators: name: Iliev, Valentin Vankov
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2021
Subjects: entropy
average information
degree of dependence
probability space
probability distribution
experiment in a sample space
linear system
affine isomorphism
classification space

description: We define degree of dependence of two events A and B in a probability space by using Boltzmann-Shannon entropy function of an appropriate probability distribution produced by these events and depending on one parameter (the probability of intersection of A and B) varying within a closed interval I. The entropy function attains its global maximum when the events A and B are independent. The important particular case of discrete uniform probability space motivates this definition in the following way. The entropy function has a minimum at the left endpoint of I exactly when one of the events and the complement of the other are connected with the relation of inclusion (maximal negative dependence). It has a minimum at the right endpoint of I exactly when one of these events is included in the other (maximal positive dependence). Moreover, the deviation of the entropy from its maximum is equal to average information that carries one of the binary trials A U Ac and B U Bc with respect to the other. As a consequence, the degree of dependence of A and B can be expressed in terms of information theory and is invariant with respect to the choice of unit of information. Using this formalism, we describe completely the screening tests and their reliability, measure efficacy of a vaccination, the impact of some events from the financial markets to other events, etc. A link is available for downloading an Excel program which calculates the degree of dependence of two events in a sample space with equally likely outcomes.
Improving the defect tolerance of PBF-LB/M processed 316L steel by increasing the nitrogen content
Creators: name: Stern, Felix
name: Becker, Louis
name: Cui, Chengsong
name: Tenkamp, Jochen
name: Uhlenwinkel, Volker
name: Steinbacher, Matthias
name: Boes, Johannes
name: Lentz, Jonathan
name: Fechte-Heinen, Rainer
name: Weber, Sebastian
name: Walther, Frank
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: AISI 316L
subject: Defect tolerance
subject: Fatigue behavior
subject: Laser powder bed fusion
subject: Nitrogen alloying
subject: 660
subject: Selektives Laserschmelzen
subject: Austenitischer Stahl
subject: Stickstoff
subject: Legieren
subject: Materialermüdung

description: Nitrogen (N) in steels can improve their mechanical strength by solid solution strengthening. Processing N-alloyed steels with additive manufacturing, here laser powder bed fusion (PBF-LB), is challenging as the N-solubility in the melt can be exceeded. This degassing of N counteracts its intended positive effects. Herein, the PBF-LB processed 316L stainless steel with increased N-content is investigated and compared to PBF-LB 316L with conventional N-content. The N is introduced into the steel by nitriding the powder and mixing it with the starting powder to achieve an N-content of approximately 0.16 mass%. Thermodynamic calculations for maximum solubility to avoid N outgassing and pore formation under PBF-LB conditions are performed beforehand. Based on the results, a higher defect tolerance under fatigue characterized by Murakami model can be achieved without negatively influencing the PBF-LB processability of the 316L steel. The increased N-content leads to higher hardness (+14%), yield strength (+16%), tensile strength (+9%), and higher failure stress in short time fatigue test (+16%).
description: Advanced engineering materials;25(1)
Diagonal Based Feature Extraction for Handwritten Alphabets Recognition System using Neural Network
Creators: name: Pradeep, J.
name: Srinivasan, E.
name: Himavathi, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An off-line handwritten alphabetical character recognition system using multilayer feed forward neural network is described in the paper. A new method, called, diagonal based feature extraction is introduced for extracting the features of the handwritten alphabets. Fifty data sets, each containing 26 alphabets written by various people, are used for training the neural network and 570 different handwritten alphabetical characters are used for testing. The proposed recognition system performs quite well yielding higher levels of recognition accuracy compared to the systems employing the conventional horizontal and vertical methods of feature extraction. This system will be suitable for converting handwritten documents into structural text form and recognizing handwritten names.