cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of Mitomycin, 5-fluorouracil, leflunomide, and mycophenolic acid directly promote hepatitis B virus replication and expression in vitro
Creators: name: Ruan, Jie
name: Sun, Shuo
name: Cheng, Xin
name: Han, Pengyu
name: Zhang, Yinge
name: Sun, Dianxing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Cell proliferation toxicity test of HepG2.2.15 and HBV-Nluc-35 cells treated with the different concentrations of Mitomycin. For comparing HepG2.2.15 (bottom) with HBV-Nluc-35 (top) cells for their cell culturing status under different concentrations of Mitomycin, both cells were treated with increasing concentrations of mitomycin for 16 h. Cell proliferation toxicity was measured using CCK-8 reagent as recommended by the manufacturer (Dojindo). For HBV-Nluc-35 cells, the LD50 of Mitomycin was 8.562 μM, and the 95% CI of the LD50 was 5.71–34.98 μM. It was indicated that HepG2.2.15 cells were more sensitive to toxicity of Mitomycin than HBV-Nluc-35.
NMR investigation of vortex dynamics in Ba(Fe0.93Rh0.07)2As2 superconductor
Creators: name: Bossoni, L.
name: Carretta, P.
name: Thaler, A.
name: Canfield, P. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: 75As NMR spin-lattice relaxation (1/T1) and spin-echo decay (1/T2) rate measurements were performed in a single crystal of Ba(Fe0.93Rh0.07)2As2 superconductor. Below the superconducting transition temperature Tc, when the magnetic field H is applied along the c axes, a peak in both relaxation rates is observed. Remarkably that peak is suppressed for H || ab. Those maxima in 1/T1 and 1/T2 have been ascribed to the flux lines lattice motions and the corresponding correlation times and pinning energy barriers have been derived on the basis of an heuristic model. Further information on the flux lines motion was derived from the narrowing of 75As NMR linewidth below Tc and found to be consistent with that obtained from 1/T2 measurements. All the experimental results are described in the framework of thermally activated vortices motions.
description: 8 pages, 11 figures
ESKAPE PATHOGENS: Phenotypic Properties and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles
Creators: name: Abiola Isawumi
name: Abban, Molly Kukua
name: Duodu, Samuel
name: Mosi, Lydia
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: ESKAPE pathogens are responsible for the majority of the known Hospital Based Infections globally.
	They cripple the effectiveness of conventional antibiotics and tend to escape antibiotics of last resort, such as polymyxin.
	WHO has listed these bacterial strains as Global Priority Pathogens demanding urgent therapeutic attention.
	Here, we present Citrobacter and three of the ESKAPE strains isolated from Ghanaian hospital environments.
Investigation of confined placental mosaicism and aberrant H19/ IGF2 imprinting in pregnancies conceived by in-vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)
Creators: name: Chan Wong, Edgar Antonio
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: In-vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) are two of the most common forms of assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) used to treat human infertility. Presently, over two million children have been conceived by ART. The majority of these children are born healthy. However, IVF and ICSI have been associated with increased risks of adverse perinatal health outcomes. The higher risk of low birth weight, intrauterine growth restriction, and small for gestational age are of special concern due to its association with adult-onset diseases. In this thesis project, the effect of ART on the genetic and epigenetic status of the placenta, and their associations with fetal growth restriction are examined. In the first objective, placentas from IVF and ICSI pregnancies were investigated for the presence of confined placental mosaicism (CPM). Of all cases, CPM was not detected in IVF and ICSI placentas that were appropriate for gestational age (AGA). CPM was not detected in any of the IVF or ICSI cases that were small for gestational age (SGA). By pooling the results from this study, and previous results from this lab, it was determined that the prevalence of CPM in ART pregnancies (3.7%) was higher, but not significant, when compared to the reported literature on natural conceptions (2.22%; p=0.23). In the second objective of this study, DNA methylation at the imprinting control region 1 (ICR1) of the genes H19 and IGF2, was investigated in the placentas from IVF, ICSI and natural conceptions. SGA pregnancies were also compared to AGA pregnancies. A multiple comparison analysis did not reveal any significant differences in mean DNA methylation levels in IVF, ICSI, or natural conceptions that were AGA or SGA (p=0.49). Although hypomethylation was detected in all groups, they did not appear to bear a significant clinical effect. Hypomethylation was defined as a value of less than 2 standard deviations from the mean methylation value at each CpG site analyzed. These results demonstrate that placental abnormalities may not be more prevalent in ART conceptions than natural conceptions. Further study of other plausible biological mechanisms in causing adverse perinatal health outcomes in ART is recommended.
On tractability of path integration
Creators: name: Wasilkowski, Grzegorz W.
name: Wozniakowski, Henryk
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1995
Subjects: Computer science

description: Do we really need to use randomized algorithms for path integrals? Perhaps we can find a deterministic algorithm that is more effective even in the worst case setting. To answer this question we study the worst case complexity of path integration which roughly speaking is defined as the minimal number of the integrand evaluations needed to compute an approximation with error at most e. We consider path integration with respect to a Gaussian measure and for various classes of integrands.
title: Foundations of Knowledge Graphs: Complexity of Arithmetic in Vadalog
Creators: name: Berent, Lucas
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: knowledge graphs
subject: reasoning
subject: arithmetics
subject: complexity

description: Vadalog is a powerful state-of-the-art Knowledge Graph (KG) system with strong theoretical underpinnings for its core logical reasoning component. Vadalog's reasoning and knowledge representation language is an extension of Datalog. The Datalog language is widely used in the context of knowledge-based systems and Big Data analytics because of its declarative nature, scalability, and its ability to express full recursion. The theoretical guarantees of the Vadalog language, however, do not cover extensions heavily needed in data analytics, such as arithmetic. In fact, there are no complexity results for the combination of a (decidable) Datalog language extended with arithmetic and existentials in rule heads, the latter of which is needed e.g., for ontological reasoning. In this work we investigate potential candidates for arithmetic in Vadalog and show that extending KG reasoning languages with arithmetic is a non-trivial problem. We define a new language as extension of Vadalog’s core language with a well-behaving and efficient form of arithmetic. We prove P-completeness of our language, which we call Warded Bound DatalogZ. Moreover, we show the first expressivity results for a decidable language supporting arithmetic. In particular, we prove capture results for Limit DatalogZ, a language that was recently introduced in a remarkable line of work by Kaminski et al. Our contributions prove that our language is a suitable candidate for reasoning in AI systems. Thereby, we lay the theoretical foundation for highly expressive logical languages that combine the power of complex recursive reasoning and arithmetic, while maintaining efficient reasoning algorithms for applications in modern AI systems, such as KGs.
Phase transitions in the q-voter model with two types of stochastic driving
Creators: name: Nyczka, Piotr
name: Sznajd-Weron, Katarzyna
name: Cislo, Jerzy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study nonlinear $q$-voter model with stochastic driving on a complete graph. We investigate two types of stochasticity that, using the language of social sciences, can be interpreted as different kinds of nonconformity. From a social point of view, it is very important to distinguish between two types nonconformity, so called anti-conformity and independence. A majority of works suggests that these social differences may be completely irrelevant in terms of microscopic modeling that uses tools of statistical physics and that both types of nonconformity play the role of so called 'social temperature'. In this paper we clarify the concept of 'social temperature' and show that different type of 'noise' may lead to qualitatively different emergent properties. In particularly, we show that in the model with anti-conformity the critical value of noise increases with parameter $q$, whereas in the model with independence the critical value of noise decreases with the $q$. Moreover, in the model with anti-conformity the phase transition is continuous for any value of $q$, whereas in the model with independence the transition is continuous for $q \le 5$ and discontinuous for $q>5$.
Recovery of superquadrics from depth information
Creators: name: Boult, Terrance E.
name: Gross, Ari D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1987
Subjects: Computer science

description: Superquadrics are a a class volumetric primitive which can model objects including rectangular solids with rounded corners, ellipsoids, octaheadrons, 8-pointed stars, hyperbolic sheets, and toroids with cross sections ranging from rectangles with rounded corners to elliptical regions. They can be stretched, bent, tapered and combined with boolean operations to model a wide range of objects. This paper discusses our progress at attempting to recover a subclass of superquadrics from 3D depth data. The first section of this paper presents a mathematical definition of superquadrics. Some of the rationale for using superquadrics for object recognition is then discussed. Briefly, superquadrics are flexible enough to represent a wide class of objects, but are simple enough to be recovered from 3d data. Additionally, the surface and its normal surface both have well defined inside-out functions which provide a useful tool for their recovery. The third section examines some of the difficulties to be encountered when modeling objects with superquadrics, or attempting to recover superquadrics from 3D data. These difficulties include the general problems of a non-orthogonal representation, difficulties of dealing with objects which are not exactly representable with CSG operations on the primitives, the need to recognize negative objects. Certain numerical instabilities and some problems caused by using the inside-out function as an approximation of the distance of a point from the superquadric. Our current system employs a nonlinear least square minimization technique on the inside-out function to recover the parameters. After discussing the details of the current system, the paper presents examples, using noisy synthetic data, where the system succe88fully uses multiple views to recover underlying superquadrics. Also presented are examples using range data, including the recovery of a negative superellipsiod. Some pros and cons of our approach as well as few conclusions, and a discussion of our planned future work appear in the final section. The main result is that least square minimization using the inside-out function allows both positive and negative instances of superellipsoids to be recovered from depth data. A second preliminary result is that a single view of a superquadric may not be sufficient for reconstruction without additional assumption.
Trap anharmonicity and sloshing mode of a Fermi gas
Creators: name: Pantel, Pierre-Alexandre
name: Davesne, Dany
name: Chiacchiera, Silvia
name: Urban, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a gas trapped in a harmonic potential, the sloshing (or Kohn) mode is undamped and its frequency coincides with the trap frequency, independently of the statistics, interaction and temperature of the gas. However, experimental trap potentials have usually Gaussian shape and anharmonicity effects appear as the temperature and, in the case of Fermions, the filling of the trap are increased. We study the sloshing mode of a degenerate Fermi gas in an anharmonic trap within the Boltzmann equation, including in-medium effects in both the transport and collision terms. The calculated frequency shifts and damping rates of the sloshing mode due to the trap anharmonicity are in satisfactory agreement with the available experimental data. We also discuss higher-order dipole, octupole, and bending modes and show that the damping of the sloshing mode is caused by its coupling to these modes.
description: 10 pages; v2: comparison with damping data added, minor extensions and corrections
Do Negative Results from Formal Systems Limit Scientific Knowledge?
Creators: name: Traub, Joseph F.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1997
Subjects: Computer science

description: This article lies at the intersection of computational physics and theoretical computer science. Over the last 60 years there has been a stream of negative results announcing undecidability, non-computability, and intractability. Are these impossibility results relevant to physics? I will discuss two of the negative results and provide arguments regarding their relevance.
MPEC 2023-W152 : SEVEN NEW TNOS
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: SEVEN NEW TNOS

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
POSSIBLE DEFINITIONS OF ACSPO SST QUALITY LEVELS BASED ON THE STATISTICAL STRUCTURE OF REGRESSORS IN THE TRAINING DATASET OF MATCHUPS
Creators: name: Petrenko, Boris
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016

description: Poster presented at the 17th GHRSST science meeting (XVII), Washington DC, USA, June 6 - 10, 2016.
Constraints on dark energy from H II starburst galaxy apparent magnitude versus redshift data
Creators: name: Mania, Data
name: Ratra, Bharat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we use H II starburst galaxy apparent magnitude versus redshift data from Siegel et al. (2005) to constrain dark energy cosmological model parameters. These constraints are generally consistent with those derived using other data sets, but are not as restrictive as the tightest currently available constraints.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures, 1 table
Concurrency Control in Advanced Database Applications
Creators: name: Barghouti, Naser S.
name: Kaiser, Gail E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1989
Subjects: Computer science

description: Concurrency control has been thoroughly studied in the context of traditional database applications such as banking and airline reservations systems. There are relatively few studies, however, that address the concurrency control issues of advanced database applications such as CAD/CAM and software development environments. The concurrency control requirements in such applications are different from those in conventional database applications; in particular, there is a need to support non-serializable cooperation among users whose transactions are long-lived and interactive, and to integrate concurrency control mechanisms with version and configuration control. This paper outlines the characteristics of data and operations in some advanced database applications, discusses their concurrency control requirements, and surveys the mechanisms proposed to address these requirements.
The Perpendicular Bisectors Construction, the Isoptic Point and the Simson Line of a Quadrilateral
Creators: name: Radko, Olga
name: Tsukerman, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 51M04

description: Given a noncyclic quadrilateral, we consider an iterative procedure producing a new quadrilateral at each step. At each iteration, the vertices of the new quadrilateral are the circumcenters of the triad circles of the previous generation quadrilateral. The main goal of the paper is to prove a number of interesting properties of the limit point of this iterative process. We show that the limit point is the common center of spiral similarities taking any of the triad circles into another triad circle. As a consequence, the point has the isoptic property (i.e., all triad circles are visible from the limit point at the same angle). Furthermore, the limit point can be viewed as a generalization of a circumcenter. It also has properties similar to those of the isodynamic point of a triangle. We also characterize the limit point as the unique point for which the pedal quadrilateral is a parallelogram. Continuing to study the pedal properties with respect to a quadrilateral, we show that for every quadrilateral there is a unique point (which we call the Simson point) such that its pedal consists of four points on line, which we call the Simson line, in analogy to the case of a triangle. Finally, we define a version of isogonal conjugation for a quadrilateral and prove that the isogonal conjugate of the limit point is a parallelogram, while that of the Simson point is a degenerate quadrilateral whose vertices coincide at infinity.
Open Science Diplomacy
Creators: name: Mayer, Katja
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: open science
science diplomacy
foreign policy
science policy

description: Following the call for ‘open science, open innovation, and open to the world’ by the EU Commissioner for Research, Science and Innovation Carlos Moedas in 2015, the S4D4C case study looks for applications and implications of open science in science diplomacy. Presentation at the S4D4C Webinar 17 Dec 2020
Black hole instabilities and local Penrose inequalities
Creators: name: Figueras, Pau
name: Murata, Keiju
name: Reall, Harvey S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Various higher-dimensional black holes have been shown to be unstable by studying linearized gravitational perturbations. A simpler method for demonstrating instability is to find initial data that describes a small perturbation of the black hole and violates a Penrose inequality. An easy way to construct initial data is by conformal rescaling of the unperturbed black hole initial data. For a compactified black string, we construct initial data which violates the inequality almost exactly where the Gregory-Laflamme instability appears. We then use the method to confirm the existence of the "ultraspinning" instability of Myers-Perry black holes. Finally we study black rings. We show that "fat" black rings are unstable. We find no evidence of any rotationally symmetric instability of "thin" black rings.
description: 35 pages, 12 figures. v2: typos corrected, matches published version
Deriving shape from shadows: A Hilbert space setting
Creators: name: Hatzitheodorou, Michael
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1987
Subjects: Computer science

description: We study the problem of recovering a surface slice from the shadows it casts on itself when lighted by the sun at various times of the day. The problem is formulated and solved in a Hilbert space setting. The spline algorithm interpolating the data that result from the shadows is constructed. This algorithm is optimal in terms of the approximation error and has low cost. We implement the optimal error algorithm and show a series of test runs. In addition, another modified version of the algorithm that improves the cost considerably is shown. This version is suited for parallel computation with further reductions in the cost of the solution.
title: Dialogische Autorität. Feministisch-theologische Überlegungen zur kanonischen Schriftauslegung
Creators: name: Müllner, Ilse
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: 230
subject: Feministische Theologie
subject: Biblischer Kanon
subject: Dialogisches Prinzip
subject: Multiperspektivisches Erzählen
subject: Exegese

description: Der Text wurde ursprünglich online publiziert unter http://www.lectio.unibe.ch/05_2/muellner_dialog_autor.htm
Generating Natural Language Summaries from Multiple On-Line Sources
Creators: name: Radev, Dragomir R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1997
Subjects: Computer science

description: We present a methodology for summarization of news on current events. Our approach is included in a system, called SUMMONS which presents news summaries to the user in a natural language form along with appropriate background (historical)information from both textual (newswire) and structured (database)knowledge sources. The system presents novel approaches to several problems: summarization of multiple sources, summarization of multiple articles, symbolic summarization through text understanding and generation, asynchronous summarization and generation of textual updates. We pay specific attention to the generation of summaries that include descriptions of entities such as people and places. We show how certain classes of lexical resources can be automatically extracted from on-line corpora and used in the generation of textual summaries. We describe our approach to solving the interoperability problem of the various components by wrapping all system modules with facilitators which effect the communication between the components using a standardized language. We present a plan for completion of the research as well as a set of metrics that can be used in measuring the performance of the system.
Weak Lensing Results of the Merging Cluster A1758
Creators: name: Ragozzine, Brett
name: Clowe, Douglas
name: Markevitch, Maxim
name: Gonzalez, Anthony H.
name: Bradac, Marusa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we present the weak lensing results of A1758, which is known to consist of four subclusters undergoing two separate mergers, A1758N and A1758S. Weak lensing results of A1758N agree with previous weak lensing results of clusters 1E0657-558 (Bullet cluster) and MACS J0025.4-1222, whose X-ray gas components were found to be largely separated from their clusters' gravitational potentials. A1758N has a geometry that is different from previously published mergers in that one of its X-ray peaks overlays the corresponding gravitational potential and the other X-ray peak is well separated from its cluster's gravitational potential. The weak lensing mass peaks of the two northern clusters are separated at the 2.5 sigma level. We estimate the combined mass of the clusters in A1758N to be 2.2+/-0.5*10^15 M_sun and r_200=2300(+100/-130) kpc. We also detect seven strong lensing candidates, two of which may provide information that would improve the mass measurements of A1758N.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, accepted to ApJ
Electronic structure and magnetism in M(=IA, IIA)C compounds with the rocksalt structure
Creators: name: Zhang, Wenxu
name: Song, Zhida
name: Peng, Bin
name: Zhang, Wanli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electronic structures of MC where M is the alkali and alkaline earth metals with the rocksalt structure are calculated by full potential density functional codes. We find that the spin magnetic moment in the compounds is mainly contributed by the spin polarized p-orbitals of carbon. The large distance between the carbon makes the p-orbitals localized, which induces magnetic instability according to the Stoner criterion. The electronic structure can be mapped to the rigid band model. SrC, BaC and RaC are half-metals, while KC, RbC and CsC are magnetic semiconductors
Real-Space Imaginary-Time Propagators for Non-Local Nucleon-Nucleon Potentials
Creators: name: Lynn, J. E.
name: Schmidt, K. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nuclear structure quantum Monte Carlo methods such as Green's function or auxiliary field diffusion Monte Carlo have used phenomenological local real-space potentials containing as few derivatives as possible, such as the Argonne-Urbana family of interactions, to make sampling simple and efficient. Basis set methods such as no-core shell model and coupled-cluster techniques typically use softer non-local potentials because of their more rapid convergence with basis set size. These non-local potentials are usually defined in momentum space and are often based on effective field theory. Comparisons of the results of the two types of methods can be difficult when different potentials are used. We show methods for evaluating the real-space imaginary-time propagators needed to perform quantum Monte Carlo calculations using such non-local potentials. We explore the universality of the large imaginary time propagators for different potentials and discuss how non-local potentials can be used in quantum Monte Carlo calculations.
Stray-light contamination and spatial deconvolution of slit-spectrograph observations
Creators: name: Beck, C.
name: Rezaei, R.
name: Fabbian, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stray light caused by scattering on optical surfaces and in the Earth's atmosphere degrades the spatial resolution of observations. We study the contribution of stray light to the two channels of POLIS. We test the performance of different methods of stray-light correction and spatial deconvolution to improve the spatial resolution post-facto. We model the stray light as having two components: a spectrally dispersed component and a component of parasitic light caused by scattering inside the spectrograph. We use several measurements to estimate the two contributions: observations with a (partly) blocked FOV, a convolution of the FTS spectral atlas, imaging in the pupil plane, umbral profiles, and spurious polarization signal in telluric lines. The measurements allow us to estimate the spatial PSF of POLIS and the main spectrograph of the German VTT. We use the PSF for a deconvolution of both spectropolarimetric data and investigate the effect on the spectra. The parasitic contribution can be directly and accurately determined for POLIS, amounting to about 5%. We estimate a lower limit of about 10% across the full FOV for the dispersed stray light. In quiet Sun regions, the stray-light level from the close surroundings (d< 2") of a given spatial point is about 20%. The stray light reduces to below 2% at a distance of 20" from a lit area for both POLIS and the main spectrograph. A two-component model of the stray-light contributions seems to be sufficient for a basic correction of observed spectra. The instrumental PSF obtained can be used to model the off-limb stray light, to determine the stray-light contamination accurately for observation targets with large spatial intensity gradients such as sunspots, and also allows one to improve the spatial resolution of observations post-facto.
description: 14 pages, 16 figures, accepted by A&A. Version V2 revised for language editing
Analyzing User Plans to Produce Informative Responses by a Programmer's Consultant
Creators: name: Wolz, Ursula
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1985
Subjects: Computer science

description: One problem in current help systems for programming utility packages is their inability to provide information within the context of the task at hand. The relationship of a user's goal to the user's plan to accomplish that goal is not taken into account. Furthermore, even a goal/plan based help system should be informative by following rules of discourse. This paper puts established rules of discourse into the context of a programming environment, and describes how a report based on an analysis of a user's intended goal and stated plan can be generated. The programming environment under discussion is a programmer's tool kit for graphically exploring complex hierarchical data structures. A program that we have developed called the Plan Analyst is described that finds the relationship between a users intended goal and stated plan by mapping the goal to the functions of the tool kit. The report generated is informative because discourse rules have been in coded in the knowledge representation that is searched by the Plan Analyst. The intent of this paper is to demonstrate the potential for applying methods of discourse behavior from Natural Language Processing research to 3D interactive programming environment.
Hopping-resolved electron-phonon coupling in bilayer graphene
Creators: name: Cappelluti, E.
name: Profeta, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate the electron-phonon coupling in bilayer graphene, as a paradigmatic case for multilayer graphenes where interlayer hoppings are relevant. Using a frozen-phonon approach within the context of Density Functional Theory (DFT) and using different optical phonon displacements we are able to evaluate quantitatively the electron-phonon coupling $α_i$ associated with each hopping term $γ_i$. This analysis also reveals a simple scaling law between the hopping terms $γ_i$ and the electron-phonon coupling $α_i$ which goes beyond the specific DFT technique employed.
description: 10 pages, 10 figs
Adiabatic nonlinear waves with trapped particles: I. General formalism
Creators: name: Dodin, I. Y.
name: Fisch, N. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Lagrangian formalism is developed for a general nondissipative quasiperiodic nonlinear wave with trapped particles in collisionless plasma. The adiabatic time-averaged Lagrangian density $\mcc{L}$ is expressed in terms of the single-particle oscillation-center Hamiltonians; once those are found, the complete set of geometrical-optics equations is derived without referring to the Maxwell-Vlasov system. The number of trapped particles is assumed fixed; in particular, those may reside close to the bottom of the wave trapping potential, so they never become untrapped. Then their contributions to the wave momentum and the energy flux depend mainly on the trapped-particle density, as an independent parameter, and the phase velocity rather than on the wave amplitude $a$ explicitly; hence, $\mcc{L}$ acquires $a$-independent terms. Also, the wave action is generally not conserved, because it can be exchanged with resonant oscillations of the trapped-particle density. The corresponding modification of the wave envelope equation is found explicitly, and the new action flow velocity is derived. Applications of these results are left to the other two papers of the series, where specific problems are addressed pertaining to properties and dynamics of waves with trapped particles.
description: submitted together with Papers II and III
Birational self-maps and piecewise algebraic geometry
Creators: name: Lamy, Stéphane
name: Sebag, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let X be a smooth projective complex variety, of dimension 3, whose Hodge numbers h^{3,0}(X), h^{1,0}(X) both vanish. Let f: X--> X be a birational map that induces an isomorphism on (dense) open subvarieties U,V of X. Then we show that the complex reduced varieties (X \ U), (X \ V) are piecewise isomorphic.
Flat slabs: the influence of the slab thickness and the stud layout
Creators: name: Birkle, Gerd
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2004

description: Bibliography: p. 143-152
description: Some pages are in colour.
description: The objective of this work was to investigate the influence of the slab thickness and the layout of shear stud reinforcement on the behaviour of interior slab-column connections. To achieve this, experiments on 12 interior slab-column connections were conducted having the slab thickness and the layout of shear reinforcement as their major variables. The tests were designed using the shear friction model for slabs developed by Dechka (2001). The test results were included in a database developed to investigate the strengths and weaknesses of the shear friction model and the current Canadian design code (CSA Standard A23.3-94, 1994). The experimental program revealed a dependency of the punching capacity of interior slab-column connections on the slab thickness. The experiments also helped to identify rational patterns for shear reinforcement placement and allow for recommendations on the extent of such shear reinforcement. In the course of the theoretical investigation, the shear friction model was further developed to better reflect the actual punching behaviour of slab-column connections. The development mainly focuses on the location and shape of the failure cone. Due to the unsatisfactory performance of the current Canadian design code in the comparison of its punching load predictions to experiments on over 300 slab-column assemblies, recommendations are made to improve this design code. The recommendations are made in a form that they can be adapted easily to the current Canadian code.
Report on Technology Survey and Demonstrator Requirements
Creators: name: Koukourikos, Antonis
name: Ikonomopoulos, Andreas
name: Klampanos, Iraklis Angelos
name: Themeli, Sissy
name: Karkaletsis, Vangelis
name: Bosak, Bartosz
name: Płociennik, Marcin
name: Palma, Raul
name: Imbeaux, Frédéric
name: de Witt, Shaun
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: technology survey
demonstrators
requirements

description: This deliverable reports on an initial survey and assessment of potentially suitable software and architectures to inform further consideration during the specification of the architectural blueprint. Further, it makes use of the findings of the survey as well as of the use cases and requirements drafted in WP2. It reiterates technical requirements which will be met by two demonstrators that focus on different technical challenges. The technological survey covers authentication and authorization infrastructure (AAI), data representation and annotation, persistent storage, search and visualisation and front-end third party and in-house (provided by Fair4Fusion or EUROfusion partners) technologies. A selection of these technologies is being used by the Fair4Fusion demonstrators with the intension to evaluate them based on functional and non-functional (e.g. expertise, extensibility, etc.) criteria, with the ultimate goal to inform the blueprint architecture (D3.2 : Blueprint Architecture for a Fusion Open Data Framework with proposition of the implementation plan). This responds to the requirements elicited in WP2. These requirements are provided here as an Appendix. In WP5, the demonstrators, to the degree that is possible due to their nature and to external non-functional conditions (e.g. available resources, central decisions needed, etc.), will respond to at least these requirements designated by “MUST”.
description: This project has received funding from the European Community's Horizon 2020 Framework Programme under grant agreement 847612
Generating Admissible Heuristics by Criticizing Solutions to Relaxed Models
Creators: name: Hansson, Othar
name: Mayer, Andrew E.
name: Yung, Moti
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1985
Subjects: Computer science

description: This paper examines one paradigm used to develop admissible heuristics: problem relaxation [10, 11,32]. This consists of three steps: simplify (or relax) a problem, solve the simplified problem, and use that solution as advice to guide the search for a solution to the original problem. We introduce an extension to this methodology which exploits the simplicity of relaxed models. By criticizing the feasibility of a relaxed solution, we arrive at a closer approximation of the solution to the original problem. This solution-criticism process recovers some of the information lost by relaxation. and yields more powerful admissible heuristics than by relaxation alone. We apply our methodology to the Traveling-Salesman problem and the N Puzzle. For the Traveling-Salesman Problem, it yields the well known. admissible minimum spanning tree heuristic. For the Eight and Fifteen Puzzles (in general the N puzzle), it yields a new heuristic which performs significantly better than all previously known heuristics.
Hans Duistermaat's contributions to Poisson geometry
Creators: name: Sjamaar, Reyer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Hans Duistermaat was scheduled to lecture in the 2010 School on Poisson Geometry at IMPA, but passed away suddenly. This is a record of a talk I gave at the 2010 Conference on Poisson Geometry (the week after the School) to share some of my memories of him and to give a brief assessment of his impact on the subject.
description: 16 pages
Update of the global electroweak fit and constraints on two-Higgs-doublet models
Creators: name: Haller, Johannes
name: Hoecker, Andreas
name: Kogler, Roman
name: Moenig, Klaus
name: Peiffer, Thomas
name: Stelzer, Jörg
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: electroweak interaction: standard model
electroweak interaction: precision measurement
Higgs particle: coupling constant
boson: mass
Batavia TEVATRON Coll
experimental results
interpretation of experiments: CERN LHC Coll
kinematics
flavor
Higgs particle: doublet: 2

description: We present an update of the global fit of the Standard Model electroweak sector to latest experimental results. We include new kinematic top quark and W boson mass measurements from the LHC, a $\sin \!^2\theta ^{\ell \mathrm{eff}}$ result from the Tevatron, and a new evaluation of the hadronic contribution to $\alpha (M_Z^2)$ . We present tests of the internal consistency of the electroweak Standard Model and updated numerical predictions of key observables. The electroweak data combined with measurements of the Higgs boson coupling strengths and flavour physics observables are used to constrain parameters of two-Higgs-doublet models.
An Analytical Approach to File Prefetching
Creators: name: Lei, Hui
name: Duchamp, Dan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1996
Subjects: Computer science

description: File prefetching is an effective technique for improving file access performance. In this paper, we present a file prefetching mechanism that is based on on-line analytic modeling of interesting system events and is transparent to higher levels. The mechanism, incorporated into a client's file cache manager, seeks to build semantic structures, called access trees, that capture the correlations between file accesses. It then heuristically uses these structures to represent distinct file usage patterns and exploits them to prefetch files from a file server. We show results of a simulation study and of a working implementation. Measurements suggest that our method can predict future file accesses with an accuracy around 90\%,that it can reduce cache miss rate by up to 47\% and application latency by up to 40\%. Our method imposes little overhead, even under antagonistic circumstances.
Seismic sensing: comparison of geophones and accelerometers using laboratory and field data
Creators: name: Hons, Michael S.
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2008

description: Bibliography: p. 147-148
description: some pages are in colour
description: Accelerometers, based on micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS), and geophones are compared in theory, laboratory testing and field data. Both sensors may be considered simple harmonic oscillators. Geophone output is filtered ground velocity and represents its own domain. Modeling shows that geophone and digital accelerometer output is similar in appearance. In laboratory tests, both sensors matched their modeled responses over a wide range of amplitudes. Since the response is accurate in practice, it is used to calculate ground acceleration from geophone output. Comparison of acceleration field data at Violet Grove and Spring Coulee shows most reflection energy is effectively identical from 5 Hz to over 150 Hz. Some consistent differences were noted under strong motion and in the noise floors. In general, when sensor coupling is equivalent, the data quality is equivalent.
Limitations and opportunities for small and medium forest enterprises in The Gambia : an exploration of the business environment, business development services, and financial services
Creators: name: Tomaselli, Maria Fernanda
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Small and medium forest enterprises (SMFEs) can promote the sustainable use of forested ecosystems, while also contributing to the livelihoods of forest-dependent people. SMFEs often face several challenges that threaten their ability to develop and grow, therefore, they usually require support in: reforming the Business Environment (BE), accessing Business Development Services (BDSs), and obtaining Financial Services (FSs). According to the literature, in The Gambia, the environment for community forestry has improved and communities have received training for developing sustainable SMFEs. Nevertheless, more information is needed about the challenges facing these enterprises, especially with regard to their access to FSs. This qualitative research had three objectives: 1) identify the opportunities and limiting factors facing SMFEs regarding the BE of The Gambia; 2) determine the opportunities and constraints of SMFEs concerning their business development and their need for BDSs; and 3) evaluate the accessibility to FSs for SMFEs, and determine strategies to improve the delivery of these services. A multiple case study approach was employed. In total, 16 SMFEs and 14 financial institutions were studied in the Western Region of The Gambia. Results indicate that the government has exerted a positive impact on the studied SMFEs by devolving land tenure to local communities, coupled with capacity building and support activities, and the application of simplified regulations. Associations of enterprises have been valuable in supplementing government efforts. Nevertheless, ill-conceived policies tied with weak enforcement, corruption and illegal activities, are major limitations still confronting wood-related SMFEs in the BE of The Gambia. The studied enterprises are at different stages in their business development; nevertheless, all revealed the need for a continual provision of BDSs. Concerning FSs, our data show that SMFEs have easy access to deposit accounts, but face limitations when accessing credit, especially from banks. Cooperative credit unions have been notable in providing loans; however, NGOs, associations, and government projects have taken the lead in delivering credit-only schemes. This study offers an updated view of SMFEs in The Gambia and illustrates some of the major challenges still facing them. Additionally, it is a contribution to the literature on small-scale forest enterprises and microfinance.
Explosive Ising
Creators: name: Angst, Sebastian
name: Dahmen, Silvio R.
name: Hinrichsen, Haye
name: Hucht, Alfred
name: Magiera, Martin P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a two-dimensional kinetic Ising model with Swendsen-Wang dynamics, replacing the usual percolation on top of Ising clusters by explosive percolation. The model exhibits a reversible first-order phase transition with hysteresis. Surprisingly, at the transition flanks the global bond density seems to be equal to the percolation thresholds.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Eternal Inflation With Non-Inflationary Pocket Universes
Creators: name: Lehners, Jean-Luc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Eternal inflation produces pocket universes with all physically allowed vacua and histories. Some of these pocket universes might contain a phase of slow-roll inflation, some might undergo cycles of cosmological evolution and some might look like the galilean genesis or other "emergent" universe scenarios. Which one of these types of universe we are most likely to inhabit depends on the measure we choose in order to regulate the infinities inherent in eternal inflation. We show that the currently leading measure proposals, namely the global light-cone cut-off and its local counterpart, the causal diamond measure, as well as closely related proposals, all predict that we should live in a pocket universe that starts out with a small Hubble rate, thus favoring emergent and cyclic models. Pocket universes which undergo cycles are further preferred, because they produce habitable conditions repeatedly inside each pocket.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures, v2: replaced with PRD version
A Theory of Catadioptric Image Formation
Creators: name: Nayar, Shree K.
name: Baker, Simon
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1997
Subjects: Computer science

description: Conventional video cameras have limited fields of view which make them restrictive for certain applications in computational vision. A catadioptric sensor uses a combination of lenses and mirrors placed in a carefully arranged configuration to capture a much wider field of view. When designing a catadioptric sensor, the shape of the mirror(s) should ideally be selected to ensure that the complete catadioptric system has a single effective viewpoint. The reason a single viewpoint is so desirable is that it is a requirement for the generation of pure perspective images from the sensed image(s). In this paper, we derive and analyze the complete class of single-lens single-mirror catadioptric sensors which satisfy the fixed viewpoint constraint. Some of the solutions turn out to be degenerate with no practical value, while other solutions lead to realizable sensors. We also derive an expression for the spatial resolution of a catadioptric sensor, and include a preliminary analysis of the defocus blur caused by the use of a curved mirror.