cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Visual attention analysis of pathologists examining whole slide images of Prostate cancer
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Souradeep
name: Ma, Ke
name: Gupta, Rajarsi
name: Knudsen, Beatrice
name: Zelinsky, Gregory J.
name: Saltz, Joel H.
name: Samaras, Dimitris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the attention of pathologists as they examine whole-slide images (WSIs) of prostate cancer tissue using a digital microscope. To the best of our knowledge, our study is the first to report in detail how pathologists navigate WSIs of prostate cancer as they accumulate information for their diagnoses. We collected slide navigation data (i.e., viewport location, magnification level, and time) from 13 pathologists in 2 groups (5 genitourinary (GU) specialists and 8 general pathologists) and generated visual attention heatmaps and scanpaths. Each pathologist examined five WSIs from the TCGA PRAD dataset, which were selected by a GU pathology specialist. We examined and analyzed the distributions of visual attention for each group of pathologists after each WSI was examined. To quantify the relationship between a pathologist's attention and evidence for cancer in the WSI, we obtained tumor annotations from a genitourinary specialist. We used these annotations to compute the overlap between the distribution of visual attention and annotated tumor region to identify strong correlations. Motivated by this analysis, we trained a deep learning model to predict visual attention on unseen WSIs. We find that the attention heatmaps predicted by our model correlate quite well with the ground truth attention heatmap and tumor annotations on a test set of 17 WSIs by using various spatial and temporal evaluation metrics.
description: ISBI 2022 (Oral presentation)
Three Measures of Forest Fire Smoke Exposure and Their Associations with Respiratory and Cardiovascular Health Outcomes in a Population-Based Cohort
Creators: name: Henderson, Sarah B.
name: Brauer, Michael (Of University Of British Columbia)
name: MacNab, Ying C.
name: Kennedy, Susan M.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: BACKGROUND: During the summer of 2003 numerous fires burned in British Columbia, Canada. OBJECTIVES: We examined the associations between respiratory and cardiovascular physician visits and hospital admissions, and three measures of smoke exposure over a 92-day study period (1 July to 30 September 2003). METHODS: A population-based cohort of 281,711 residents was identified from administrative data. Spatially specific daily exposure estimates were assigned to each subject based on total measurements of particulate matter (PM) ≤ 10 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM₁₀) from six regulatory tapered element oscillating microbalance (TEOM) air quality monitors, smoke-related PM₁₀ from a CALPUFF dispersion model run for the study, and a SMOKE exposure metric for plumes visible in satellite images. Logistic regression with repeated measures was used to estimate associations with each outcome. RESULTS: The mean (± SD) exposure based on TEOM-measured PM₁₀ was 29 ± 31 μg/m³, with an interquartile range of 14–31 μg/m³. Correlations between the TEOM, smoke, and CALPUFF metrics were moderate (0.37–0.76). Odds ratios (ORs) for a 30‑μg/m³ increase in TEOM-based PM₁₀ were 1.05 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.03–1.06] for all respiratory physician visits, 1.16 (95% CI, 1.09–1.23) for asthma-specific visits, and 1.15 (95% CI, 1.00–1.29) for respiratory hospital admissions. Associations with cardiovascular outcomes were largely null. CONCLUSIONS: Overall we found that increases in TEOM-measured PM₁₀ were associated with increased odds of respiratory physician visits and hospital admissions, but not with cardiovascular health outcomes. Results indicating effects of fire smoke on respiratory outcomes are consistent with previous studies, as are the null results for cardiovascular outcomes. Some agreement between TEOM and the other metrics suggests that exposure assessment tools that are independent of air quality monitoring may be useful with further refinement.
Inter Hospital Transfers in Rotor Wing Aircraft. Patterns and Challenges. Protocol for a Scoping Review.
Creators: name: Knudsen, Jens Stubager
name: Fedoq, Trond Nuland
name: Barfod, Charlotte
name: Hansen, Peter Martin
name: Krog, Jan
name: Hansen, Troels Martin
name: Rudplph, Søren Steemann
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: Scoping Review of literature describing inter hospital transfers using rotor wing aircraft with the purpose of the implementation of a evidence-based national guidelinge.
SN 2020jfo: A short plateau Type II supernova from a low mass progenitor
Creators: name: Teja, Rishabh Singh
name: Singh, Avinash
name: Sahu, D. K.
name: Anupama, G. C.
name: Kumar, Brajesh
name: J, Nayana A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present spectroscopic and photometric observations of the Type IIP supernova, SN 2020jfo, in ultraviolet and optical wavelengths. SN 2020jfo occurred in the spiral galaxy M61 (NGC 4303), with eight observed supernovae in the past 100 years. SN 2020jfo exhibited a short plateau lasting < 65 d, and achieved a maximum brightness in V-band of $M_V$ = -17.4 $\pm$ 0.4 mag at about 8.0 $\pm$ 0.5 d since explosion. From the bolometric light curve, we have estimated the mass of $^{56}$Ni synthesised in the explosion to be 0.033 $\pm$ 0.006 $M_\odot$. The observed spectral features are typical for a type IIP supernova except for shallow H$α$ absorption throughout the evolution and the presence of stable $^{58}$Ni feature at 7378 Å, in the nebular phase. Using hydrodynamical modelling in the MESA + STELLA framework, an ejecta mass of ~ 5 $M_\odot$ is estimated. Models also indicate SN 2020jfo could be the result of a Red Super Giant progenitor with $M_{ZAMS}$ ~ 12 $M_\odot$. Bolometric light curve modelling revealed the presence of a secondary radiation source for initial ~ 20 d, which has been attributed to interaction with a circumstellar material of mass ~ 0.2 $M_\odot$, which most likely was ejected due to enhanced mass loss about 20 years prior to the supernova explosion.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal. 25 pages, 22 figures, and 7 tables
Tracking perovskite crystallization via deep learning-based feature detection on 2D X-ray scattering data
Creators: name: Starostin, Vladimir
name: Munteanu, Valentin
name: Greco, Alessandro
name: Kneschaurek, Ekaterina
name: Pleli, Alina
name: Bertram, Florian
name: Gerlach, Alexander
name: Hinderhofer, Alexander
name: Schreiber, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the processes of perovskite crystallization is essential for improving the properties of organic solar cells. In situ real-time grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXD) is a key technique for this task, but it produces large amounts of data, frequently exceeding the capabilities of traditional data processing methods. We propose an automated pipeline for the analysis of GIXD images, based on the Faster R-CNN deep learning architecture for object detection, modified to conform to the specifics of the scattering data. The model exhibits high accuracy in detecting diffraction features on noisy patterns with various experimental artifacts. We demonstrate our method on real-time tracking of organic-inorganic perovskite structure crystallization and test it on two applications: 1. the automated phase identification and unit-cell determination of two coexisting phases of Ruddlesden-Popper 2D perovskites, and 2. the fast tracking of MAPbI$_3$ perovskite formation. By design, our approach is equally suitable for other crystalline thin-film materials.
Parkinson's disease : workplace risk factors
Creators: name: Teschke, Kay
name: Marion, Stephen A.
name: Tsui, Joseph CK
name: Harris, M. Anne
name: Marino, Suhail
name: Rugbjerg, Kathrine
name: Shen, Hui
Publisher: name: WorkSafeBC
Year: 2012

description: Parkinson’s disease is a chronic disorder, characterized by muscle tremors, stiffness, and slow movements. It affects between 34,000 and 60,000 Canadians. • The purpose of this study was to determine whether individuals in certain occupations or with exposures to respiratory infections, vibration, head injury, stress, pesticides, metals, or solvents have increased risks of Parkinson’s disease. • The study included 403 individuals with Parkinson’s disease and a comparison group of 405 controls without the disease. They were interviewed about their lifetime job history, medical history, and lifestyle habits. • The following were the main findings: − Smokers had decreased risks of the disease, as found in other studies, therefore we adjusted for smoking in our analyses. − Social science, law and library jobs and farming and horticulture jobs had increased risks of the disease, as found in other studies. Gas station jobs, welders, heavy equipment operators and carpenters also had increased risks. − There was an increased risk for influenza, and decreased risks for red measles and chicken pox or shingles. − Whole body vibration showed an interesting u-shaped pattern of risk: increased risk with no exposure, but also with increasing intensity of exposure. − Head injuries were associated with increased risk of Parkinson’s disease, including among people who were injured at work. − Stress on the job was not related to Parkinson’s disease. − There was some evidence of increased risk with exposure to pesticides, but it was not as convincing as the increased risk to farmers. − Exposures to most metals and solvents were not associated with increased risks.
$OSp(n|2m)$ quantum chains with free boundaries
Creators: name: Frahm, Holger
name: Martins, Márcio J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate the spectrum of $OSp(n|2m)$ quantum spin chains with free boundary conditions. We compute the surface free energy of these models which, similar to other properties in the thermodynamic limit including the effective central charge of the underlying conformal field theory, depends on $n-2m$ only. For several models in the regime $n-2m< 2$ we have studied the finite-size properties including the subleading logarithmic corrections to scaling. As in the case of periodic boundary conditions we find the existence of a tower of states with the same conformal dimension as the identity operator. As expected the amplitudes of the corresponding logarithmic corrections differ from those found previously for the models with periodic boundary conditions. We point out however the existence of simple relations connecting such amplitudes for free and periodic boundaries. Based on our findings we formulate a conjecture on the long distance behaviour of the bulk and surface watermelon correlators.
description: 26 pages, 4 figures
Generalized Interference of Fermions and Bosons
Creators: name: Spivak, Dylan
name: Niu, Murphy Yuezhen
name: Sanders, Barry C.
name: de Guise, Hubert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using tools from representation theory, we derive expressions for the coincidence rate of partially-distinguishable particles in an interferometry experiment. Our expressions are valid for either bosons or fermions, and for any number of particles. In an experiment with $n$ particles the expressions we derive contain a term for each partition of the integer $n$; Gamas's theorem is used to determine which of these terms are automatically zero based on the pairwise level of distinguishability between particles. Most sampling schemes (such as Boson Sampling) are limited to completely indistinguishable particles; our work aids in the understanding of systems where an arbitrary level of distinguishability is permitted. As an application of our work we introduce a sampling scheme with partially-distinguishable fermions, which we call Generalized Fermion Sampling.
description: 26 Pages, 2 figues
Interpretable machine learning in Physics
Creators: name: Grojean, Christophe
name: Paul, Ayan
name: Qian, Zhuoni
name: Strümke, Inga
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Adding interpretability to multivariate methods creates a powerful synergy for exploring complex physical systems with higher order correlations while bringing about a degree of clarity in the underlying dynamics of the system.
description: Submitted version of invited Comment Article for Nature Reviews Physics (2022)
Frequency-Selective Mesh-to-Mesh Resampling for Color Upsampling of Point Clouds
Creators: name: Heimann, Viktoria
name: Spruck, Andreas
name: Kaup, André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: With the increased use of virtual and augmented reality applications, the importance of point cloud data rises. High-quality capturing of point clouds is still expensive and thus, the need for point cloud super-resolution or point cloud upsampling techniques emerges. In this paper, we propose an interpolation scheme for color upsampling of three-dimensional color point clouds. As a point cloud represents an object's surface in three-dimensional space, we first conduct a local transform of the surface into a two-dimensional plane. Secondly, we propose to apply a novel Frequency-Selective Mesh-to-Mesh Resampling (FSMMR) technique for the interpolation of the points in 2D. FSMMR generates a model of weighted superpositions of basis functions on scattered points. This model is then evaluated for the final points in order to increase the resolution of the original point cloud. Evaluation shows that our approach outperforms common interpolation schemes. Visual comparisons of the jaguar point cloud underlines the quality of our upsampling results. The high performance of FSMMR holds for various sampling densities of the input point cloud.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures, MMSP 2021
Self-Ensemble Adversarial Training for Improved Robustness
Creators: name: Wang, Hongjun
name: Wang, Yisen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Due to numerous breakthroughs in real-world applications brought by machine intelligence, deep neural networks (DNNs) are widely employed in critical applications. However, predictions of DNNs are easily manipulated with imperceptible adversarial perturbations, which impedes the further deployment of DNNs and may result in profound security and privacy implications. By incorporating adversarial samples into the training data pool, adversarial training is the strongest principled strategy against various adversarial attacks among all sorts of defense methods. Recent works mainly focus on developing new loss functions or regularizers, attempting to find the unique optimal point in the weight space. But none of them taps the potentials of classifiers obtained from standard adversarial training, especially states on the searching trajectory of training. In this work, we are dedicated to the weight states of models through the training process and devise a simple but powerful \emph{Self-Ensemble Adversarial Training} (SEAT) method for yielding a robust classifier by averaging weights of history models. This considerably improves the robustness of the target model against several well known adversarial attacks, even merely utilizing the naive cross-entropy loss to supervise. We also discuss the relationship between the ensemble of predictions from different adversarially trained models and the prediction of weight-ensembled models, as well as provide theoretical and empirical evidence that the proposed self-ensemble method provides a smoother loss landscape and better robustness than both individual models and the ensemble of predictions from different classifiers. We further analyze a subtle but fatal issue in the general settings for the self-ensemble model, which causes the deterioration of the weight-ensembled method in the late phases.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures, ICLR 2022
Interest in low-threshold employment among people who inject illicit drugs : implications for street disorder
Creators: name: DeBeck, Kora
name: Wood, Evan
name: Qi, Jiezhi
name: Fu, Eric
name: McArthur, Doug
name: Montaner, Julio
name: Kerr, Thomas
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Background Income generation opportunities available to people who use illicit drugs have been associated with street disorder. Among a cohort of injection drug users (IDU) we sought to examine street-based income generation practices and willingness to forgo these sources of income if other low-threshold work opportunities were made available. Methods Data were derived from a prospective community recruited cohort of IDU. We assessed the prevalence of engaging in disorderly street-based income generation activities, including sex work, drug dealing, panhandling, and recycling/salvaging/vending. Using multivariate logistic regressions based on Akaike information criterion and the best subset selection procedure, we identified factors associated with disorderly income generation activities, and assessed willingness to forgo these sources of income during the period of November 2008 to July 2009. Results Among our sample of 874 IDU, 418 (48%) reported engaging in a disorderly income generation activity in the previous six months. In multivariate analyses, engaging in disorderly income generation activities was independently associated with high intensity stimulant use, as well as binge drug use, having encounters with police, being a victim of violence, sharing used syringes, and injecting in public areas. Among those engaged in disorderly income generation, 198 (47%) reported a willingness to forgo these income sources if given opportunities for low-threshold employment, with sex workers being most willing to engage in alternative employment. Conclusion Engagement in disorderly street-based income generation activities was associated with high intensity stimulant drug use and various markers of risk. We found that a high proportion of illicit drug users were willing to cease engagement in these activities if they had options for causal low-threshold employment. These findings indicate that there is a high demand for low-threshold employment that may offer important opportunities to reduce drug-related street disorder and associated harms.
Model-Based Control of Planar Piezoelectric Inchworm Soft Robot for Crawling in Constrained Environments
Creators: name: Zheng, Zhiwu
name: Kumar, Prakhar
name: Chen, Yenan
name: Cheng, Hsin
name: Wagner, Sigurd
name: Chen, Minjie
name: Verma, Naveen
name: Sturm, James C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Soft robots have drawn significant attention recently for their ability to achieve rich shapes when interacting with complex environments. However, their elasticity and flexibility compared to rigid robots also pose significant challenges for precise and robust shape control in real-time. Motivated by their potential to operate in highly-constrained environments, as in search-and-rescue operations, this work addresses these challenges of soft robots by developing a model-based full-shape controller, validated and demonstrated by experiments. A five-actuator planar soft robot was constructed with planar piezoelectric layers bonded to a steel foil substrate, enabling inchworm-like motion. The controller uses a soft-body continuous model for shape planning and control, given target shapes and/or environmental constraints, such as crawling under overhead barriers or "roof" safety lines. An approach to background model calibrations is developed to address deviations of actual robot shape due to material parameter variations and drift. Full experimental shape control and optimal movement under a roof safety line are demonstrated, where the robot maximizes its speed within the overhead constraint. The mean-squared error between the measured and target shapes improves from ~0.05 cm$^{2}$ without calibration to ~0.01 cm$^{2}$ with calibration. Simulation-based validation is also performed with various different roof shapes.
description: Accepted to the 2022 IEEE 5th International Conference on Soft Robotics (RoboSoft). Project website: https://piezorobotcontroller.github.io/ Summary video: https://youtu.be/Md-Uo-pUaIs
Neo(liberal) citizens of Europe : politics, scales, and visibilities of environmental citizenship in contemporary Turkey
Creators: name: Harris, Leila
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: The aim of this article is to critically interrogate articulations of environmental citizenship in contemporary Turkey. Specifically, I analyse articulations of environmental citizenship through citizen and activist narratives taken from interviews and focus group discussions. I argue that first, scalar focus on local spaces and individuated responsibility for action that emerge from the narratives are crucial to understand future environmental politics and possibilities in this context. Invoking recent discussions related to the politics and performativities of scale, in particular, allows consideration of the politics of visibility and other consequences of these scalar foci. Second, themes from narrative analysis show key convergences with Europeanization- and neoliberalization-related discourses and shifts. The resonance and overlap between these discourses and practices is significant, particularly as it shows citizen receptivity towards broader ideas related to increased citizen responsibility. As such, the research contributes to efforts to move away from theorization of processes such as neoliberalism as top-down, instead enabling examination of ways that these ideals are taken up, expressed, and refashioned by everyday citizens. The third argument that emerges from the analysis, following from the first two, is the need to theorize power more fully in discussions of environmental citizenship. Bridging with neoliberalism discussions is one possible way to move such a project forward.
Hepatitis B Virus Induces Expression of Antioxidant Response Element-regulated Genes by Activation of Nrf2
Creators: name: Schaedler, Stephanie
name: Krause, Janis
name: Himmelsbach, Kiyoshi
name: Carvajal-Yepes, Monica
name: Lieder, Franziska
name: Klingel, Karin
name: Nassal, Michael
name: Weiss, Thomas S.
name: Werner, Sabine
name: Hildt, Eberhard
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Gene Expression Hepatitis Virus Oxidative Stress Signal Transduction Transcription Regulation
subject: 610 Medizin

description: The expression of a variety of cytoprotective genes is regulated by short cis-acting elements in their promoters, called antioxidant response elements (AREs). A central regulator of ARE-mediated gene expression is the NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Human hepatitis B virus (HBV) induces a strong activation of Nrf2/ARE-regulated genes in vitro and in vivo. This is triggered by the HBV-regulatory proteins (HBx and LHBs) via c-Raf and MEK. The Nrf2/ARE-mediated induction of cytoprotective genes by HBV results in a better protection of HBV-positive cells against oxidative damage as compared with control cells. Furthermore, there is a significantly increased expression of the Nrf2/ARE-regulated proteasomal subunit PSMB5 in HBV-positive cells that is associated with a decreased level of the immunoproteasome subunit PSMB5i. In accordance with this finding, HBV-positive cells display a higher constitutive proteasome activity and a decreased activity of the immunoproteasome as compared with control cells even after interferon α/γ treatment. The HBV-dependent induction of Nrf2/ARE-regulated genes might ensure survival of the infected cell, shape the immune response to HBV, and thereby promote establishment of the infection.
Using next-generation sequencing for the diagnosis of rare disorders : a family with retinitis pigmentosa and skeletal abnormalities
Creators: name: Schrader, Kasmintan
name: Heravi-Moussavi, Alireza
name: Waters, Paula J.
name: Senz, Janine
name: Whelan, James
name: Eydoux, Patrice
name: Nielsen, Torsten
name: Gallagher, Barry
name: Oloumi, Arusha
name: Boyd, Niki
name: Fernandez, Bridget A.
name: Young, Terry-Lynn
name: Jones, Steven J. M.
name: Hirst, Martin
name: Shah, Sohrab P.
name: Marra, Marco, 1966-
name: Green, Jane
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2021

description: Linkage analysis with subsequent candidate gene sequencing is typically used to diagnose novel inherited syndromes. It is now possible to expedite diagnosis through the sequencing of all coding regions of the genome (the exome) or full genomes. We sequenced the exomes of four members of a family presenting with spondylo-epiphyseal dysplasia and retinitis pigmentosa and identified a six-base-pair (6-bp) deletion in GNPTG, the gene implicated in mucolipidosis type IIIγ. The diagnosis was confirmed by biochemical studies and both broadens the mucolipidosis type III phenotype and demonstrates the clinical utility of nextgeneration sequencing to diagnose rare genetic diseases.
Interdisciplinary Training Webinar (release 5)
Creators: name: Santucci, Raffaella
name: Grillo, Vincenzo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Q-sort
webminar

description: This deliverable describes the “Shaping electron wavepackets with light; Shaping light with electron
 wavepacket s ” webinar. This is the fourth in the planned series of 9 Interdisciplinary Training Webinars for
 the Q-SORT project.
 The Interdisciplinary Training Webinars are part of Work Package 3 Theory, optical testing, and TEM
 implementation of generalised Sorter [Months: 1-41], Task 3.5 - Interdisciplinary Training Webinars (M6,
 M11, M12, M18, M24, M26, M30, M36, M41).
 This document is comprised of four Chapters, including Introduction and Conclusions.
 The Introduction describes what a webinar is.
 Chapter 2 summarises what we mean by Interdisciplinary Training Webinars and what their function is
 within Q-SORT.
 Chapter 3 illustrates context, aims, and content of the fourth Interdisciplinary Training Webinar of Q-SORT.
 The conclusions outline future plans for the Interdisciplinary Training Webinars.
title: 02_1878
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Is blood alcohol level a good predictor for injury severity outcomes in motor vehicle crash victims?
Creators: name: Mann, Bikaramjit
name: Desapriya, Ediriweera
name: Fujiwara, Takeo
name: Pike, Ian, 1958-
Publisher: name: Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Year: 2021

description: Experimental studies in animals suggest that alcohol may influence pathophysiologic response to injury mechanisms. However, biological evidence for the alcohol-injury severity relationship provides conflicting results. The purpose of our retrospective cross-sectional study in 2,323 people was to assess whether blood alcohol level (BAC) adversely influences injury severity in victims of motor vehicle collisions (MVCs). We found no difference in mortality OR 1.09 (0.73–1.62), or length of hospital stay, and a trend for lower ISS score was found in the high-alcohol group (P = 0.052). Furthermore, the high-alcohol group demonstrated a lower adjusted rate of severe head injury OR 0.65 (0.48–0.87), chest injury OR 0.58 (0.42–0.80), and serious extremity injury OR 0.10 (0.01–0.76). The findings of our study do not demonstrate a dose-response relationship between alcohol consumption and injury severity in MVCs. This study implies that higher BAC may lead to less severe injuries, without impacting mortality or length of hospital stay, however, further research is required to elucidate the nature of this relationship.
Dataset of Multi-aspect Integrated Migration Indicators
Creators: name: Goglia, D.
name: Pollacci, L.
name: Sirbu, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nowadays, new branches of research are proposing the use of non-traditional data sources for the study of migration trends in order to find an original methodology to answer open questions about the human mobility framework. In this context we presents the Multi-aspect Integrated Migration Indicators (MIMI) dataset, an new dataset of migration drivers, resulting from the process of acquisition, transformation and merge of both official data about international flows and stocks and original indicators not typically used in migration studies, such as online social networks. This work describes the process of gathering, embedding and merging traditional and novel features, resulting in this new multidisciplinary dataset that we believe could significantly contribute to nowcast to forecast both present and future bilateral migration trends.
description: 23 pages, 19 figures, corrections on typos and references
Hardware Trojan Detection Using Unsupervised Deep Learning on Quantum Diamond Microscope Magnetic Field Images
Creators: name: Ashok, Maitreyi
name: Turner, Matthew J.
name: Walsworth, Ronald L.
name: Levine, Edlyn V.
name: Chandrakasan, Anantha P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents a method for hardware trojan detection in integrated circuits. Unsupervised deep learning is used to classify wide field-of-view (4x4 mm$^2$), high spatial resolution magnetic field images taken using a Quantum Diamond Microscope (QDM). QDM magnetic imaging is enhanced using quantum control techniques and improved diamond material to increase magnetic field sensitivity by a factor of 4 and measurement speed by a factor of 16 over previous demonstrations. These upgrades facilitate the first demonstration of QDM magnetic field measurement for hardware trojan detection. Unsupervised convolutional neural networks and clustering are used to infer trojan presence from unlabeled data sets of 600x600 pixel magnetic field images without human bias. This analysis is shown to be more accurate than principal component analysis for distinguishing between field programmable gate arrays configured with trojan free and trojan inserted logic. This framework is tested on a set of scalable trojans that we developed and measured with the QDM. Scalable and TrustHub trojans are detectable down to a minimum trojan trigger size of 0.5% of the total logic. The trojan detection framework can be used for golden-chip free detection, since knowledge of the chips' identities is only used to evaluate detection accuracy
description: 25 pages, 17 figures
The enhancement of enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic substrates by the addition of accessory enzymes such as xylanase: is it an additive or synergistic effect?
Creators: name: Hu, Jinguang
name: Arantes, Valdeir
name: Saddler, J. N. (John N.), 1953-
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2015

description: Background. We and other workers have shown that accessory enzymes, such as β-glucosidase, xylanase, and cellulase cofactors, such as GH61, can considerably enhance the hydrolysis effectiveness of cellulase cocktails when added to pretreated lignocellulosic substrates. It is generally acknowledged that, among the several factors that hamper our current ability to attain efficient lignocellulosic biomass conversion yields at low enzyme loadings, a major problem lies in our incomplete understanding of the cooperative action of the different enzymes acting on pretreated lignocellulosic substrates. Results The reported work assessed the interaction between cellulase and xylanase enzymes and their potential to improve the hydrolysis efficiency of various pretreated lignocellulosic substrates when added at low protein loadings. When xylanases were added to the minimum amount of cellulase enzymes required to achieve 70% cellulose hydrolysis of steam pretreated corn stover (SPCS), or used to partially replace the equivalent cellulase dose, both approaches resulted in enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis. However, the xylanase supplementation approach increased the total protein loading required to achieve significant improvements in hydrolysis (an additive effect), whereas the partial replacement of cellulases with xylanase resulted in similar improvements in hydrolysis without increasing enzyme loading (a synergistic effect). The enhancement resulting from xylanase-aided synergism was higher when enzymes were added simultaneously at the beginning of hydrolysis. This co-hydrolysis of the xylan also influenced the gross fiber characteristics (for example, fiber swelling) resulting in increased accessibility of the cellulose to the cellulase enzymes. These apparent increases in accessibility enhanced the steam pretreated corn stover digestibility, resulting in three times faster cellulose and xylan hydrolysis, a seven-fold decrease in cellulase loading and a significant increase in the hydrolysis performance of the optimized enzyme mixture. When a similar xylanase-aided enhancement strategy was assessed on other pretreated lignocellulosic substrates, equivalent increases in hydrolysis efficiency were also observed. Conclusions It was apparent that the 'blocking effect' of xylan was one of the major mechanisms that limited the accessibility of the cellulase enzymes to the cellulose. However, the synergistic interaction of the xylanase and cellulase enzymes was also shown to significantly improve cellulose accessibility through increasing fiber swelling and fiber porosity and also plays a major role in enhancing enzyme accessibility.
PEACE POLICIES IN THE SHADOW OF THE WAR IN UKRAINE AND THE LIMITED POSSIBILITIES OF NON-VIOLENT POLICIES
Creators: name: Jahn, Egbert
Publisher: name: The Estonian Journal of Military Studies
Year: 2024

description: PEACE POLICIES IN THE SHADOW
OF THE WAR IN UKRAINE AND
THE LIMITED POSSIBILITIES
OF NON-VIOLENT POLICIES
Egbert Jahn
Abstract. The ceasefire in eastern Ukraine agreed in 2015 in Minsk did not put an
end to the war in Europe. On 24 February 2022, Russia launched a full scale mili
tary offensive aimed at “demilitarising” and “denazifying” Ukraine, i.e. establishing
a regime closely aligned with Russia and ceding Ukrainian territories to the aggres
sor. Ever since, a military direction in internal politics has dominated in both the
aggressor state and victim state, as well as the supportive policies of NATO, the EU,
and other democratic partners of Ukraine. The vehement resistance of the Ukrainian
army and population prevented the rapid capture of Kyiv and other large parts of the
country. Since the sixth week of war, Russia has focused on conquering eastern and
southern Ukraine. A very long war is now to be expected, in which neither side is
likely to achieve its most lofty military aims.
The peace policy (Friedenspolitik) has two aims. First and foremost, a ceasefire
must be reached, and only then can a new international security apparatus and order
of peace be conceivable. We can only expect to see any kind of fatigue in either party
after hundreds of thousands of people fall victim to the war, and only then could we
expect a ceasefire along the southeastern frontline in Ukraine – which line exactly
is, today, impossible to determine. Such a ceasefire will likely be achieved by strong
national conservative politicians, while only a small contribution can be made by the
peace movement. Thus, once again, a “frozen conflict” is expected along a changed
line of military demarcation. It is unlikely that a democratic, peace demanding
popular movement would change the regime in Russia. The removal of Putin from
the presidency by the Russian power elite is conceivable but would not fundamentally
change the Putinist autocratic system, i.e. Russia will certainly not give up its posi
tions in Crimea, nor is it likely in the Donbas either.
The assumption that all post communist countries will gradually become demo
cratic after being integrated into the capitalist world economy and its institutions
has proven to be wrong. Some countries have spawned new autocratic regimes and
consider themselves threatened by Western democracies, which is why they ally with
other autocracies. This will lead us to a new global conflict between political sys
tems, which will be somewhat different from the historical East West conflict. In it,
new military demarcation lines are being drawn between democracies and autocra
cies. International politics is once again faced with the task of establishing a peaceful coexistence between them. To this end, this text will present a few seemingly feasible
proposals.
description: The Estonian Journal of Military Studies, No. 23 (2023)
Deliverable 6.4 – Re-definition of Learning Outcomes for a Successful Industrial and Entrepreneurial Career
Creators: name: Bokor, Balazs
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: EELISA InnoCORE Work Package 6 (WP6) primarily deals with reinforcing the cooperation in research and innovation with other sectors, especially with respect to the academia-business cooperation. Based on the discussion on Innocore level, recommendations are given for the governances of these structures, that shall be again reviewed and finetuned during implementation.
description: (DRAFT NOT YET APPROVED BY EUROPEAN COMMISSION)
Discovery of PSR J0523-7125 as a Circularly Polarized Variable Radio Source in the Large Magellanic Cloud
Creators: name: Wang, Yuanming
name: Murphy, Tara
name: Kaplan, David L.
name: Klinner-Teo, Teresa
name: Ridolfi, Alessandro
name: Bailes, Matthew
name: Crawford, Fronefield
name: Dai, Shi
name: Dobie, Dougal
name: Gaensler, B. M.
name: Graber, Vanessa
name: Heywood, Ian
name: Lenc, Emil
name: Lorimer, Duncan R.
name: McLaughlin, Maura A.
name: O'Brien, Andrew
name: Pintaldi, Sergio
name: Pritchard, Joshua
name: Rea, Nanda
name: Ridley, Joshua P.
name: Ronchi, Michele
name: Shannon, Ryan M.
name: Sivakoff, Gregory R.
name: Stewart, Adam
name: Wang, Ziteng
name: Zic, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of a highly circularly polarized, variable, steep-spectrum pulsar in the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) Variables and Slow Transients (VAST) survey. The pulsar is located about $1^\circ$ from the center of the Large Magellanic Cloud, and has a significant fractional circular polarization of $\sim$20%. We discovered pulsations with a period of 322.5 ms, dispersion measure (DM) of 157.5 pc cm$^{-3}$, and rotation measure (RM) of $+456$ rad m$^{-2}$ using observations from the MeerKAT and the Parkes telescopes. This DM firmly places the source, PSR J0523$-$7125, in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). This RM is extreme compared to other pulsars in the LMC (more than twice that of the largest previously reported one). The average flux density of $\sim$1 mJy at 1400 MHz and $\sim$25 mJy at 400 MHz places it among the most luminous radio pulsars known. It likely evaded previous discovery because of its very steep radio spectrum (spectral index $α\approx -3$, where $S_ν\propto ν^α$) and broad pulse profile (duty cycle $\gtrsim35$%). We discuss implications for searches for unusual radio sources in continuum images, as well as extragalactic pulsars in the Magellanic Clouds and beyond. Our result highlighted the possibility of identifying pulsars, especially extreme pulsars, from radio continuum images. Future large-scale radio surveys will give us an unprecedented opportunity to discover more pulsars and potentially the most distant pulsars beyond the Magellanic Clouds.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures; accepted by ApJ
REACTION OF THE EUROPEAN UNION TO THE RUSSIAN AGGRESSION IN UKRAINE IN 2022
Creators: name: Marcinkowski, Tomasz
Publisher: name: The Estonian Journal of Military Studies
Year: 2024

description: Russia’s military aggression against Ukraine in February 2022 demolished
the previous order in Europe. From the beginning of the war, the European Union
condemned the Kremlin’s actions and expressed support for defending Ukraine.
Various measures like humanitarian, economic and political aid were also taken
from the beginning. Restrictions (sanctions) have also been imposed on Russia and
Belarus that supports it. However, the EU policy also brings costs to the people of
the member states. Despite these costs, support for the EU’s pro Ukrainian policy is
high. However, it varies from country to country. Ukraine’s further struggle depends,
among other things, on help from the West (including the EU) and in democratic
countries this also depends on public support. This article presents the actions of the
EU towards Russia in connection with the aggression against Ukraine and the scale
of public support for this policy.
description: The Estonian Journal of Military Studies, No. 23 (2023)
RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN WAR: 500 DAYS OF CHALLENGES AND CHANGES
Creators: name: Mahda, Yevhen
Publisher: name: The Estonian Journal of Military Studies
Year: 2024

description: 500 days of the full scale Russian Ukrainian War allow us not only to ana
lyse the course of hostilities but also to determine the tendencies in the development
of the situation in the world. In the current article the author will grasp the main
dimensions of the biggest challenge to global stability in the 21st century, including
the international dimension of the war and the influence of it on other countries,
especially bordering ones; the information tools used during the war and what their
impact has been on ongoing military activities; and internal political changes which
happened after the beginning of war. The author also discusses the future of the
international relations system as it became obvious that it has to be reformed after
the end of the hostilities.
description: The Estonian Journal of Military Studies, No. 23 (2023)
INTRODUCTION – DIFFERENT ASPECTS AND CHALLENGES OF THE WAR
Creators: name: Sazonov, Vladimir
name: Sägi, Jaanus
name: Saumets, Andres
Publisher: name: The Estonian Journal of Military Studies
Year: 2024

description: The current volume entitled “Putin’s War in Ukraine. Volume II. Different
Aspects and Challenges of the War” is the continuation of the first volume
“Putin’s War in Ukraine. Volume I. The Background and Anatomy of Russian
Aggression” which was published in late 2022. Since the first volume was
published, another year of open Russian military aggression against Ukraine
has passed, started by Putin’s aggressive and revanchist regime on 24 February
2022 when the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation launched a massive
military invasion of Ukraine.
description: The Estonian Journal of Military Studies, No. 23 (2023)
Granular surface flows confined between flat, frictional walls. Part 1. Kinematics
Creators: name: Richard, Patrick
name: Valance, Alexandre
name: Delannay, Renaud
name: Boltenhagen, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report and analyse the results of extensive discrete element method simulations of three-dimensional gravity driven flows of cohesionless granular media over an erodible bed, the whole being confined between two flat and frictional sidewalls. We focus on the role of sidewalls by performing simulations for different gap widths ($W$) between the two confining sidewalls: from $5$ to $30$ grain sizes ($d$). Our results indicate the existence of two distinct regimes: regime I for flow angles smaller than the critical angle $θ_c\approx 40^\circ$ and regime II at flow angles larger than $θ_c$ . Regime I corresponds to dense flows whereas flows belonging to regime II exhibit a strong variation of the volume fraction through the depth. Three relevant lengths are identified in the system: $W$ the gap between sidewalls, $l$ the length characterizing the vertical variation of the volume fraction and $h$ a characteristic length associated with the vertical variation of the streamwise velocity. Using these lengths we can rescale the profiles of various flow properties (e.g. streamwise velocity, granular temperature, particle rotation...). In regime II, in contrast to regime I, $l$ and $h$ have a similar behaviour. As a consequence, the rescaled profiles in regime II only involve $h$ (or equivalently $l$) and $W$ . Other dissimilarities exist between regimes I and II. In particular, the scaling of the flow rate with $h$ (at fixed $W$ ) differs in the two regimes, although they display a similar scaling with $W$ (at fixed flow angle).