cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Oral formulation of Prussian blue with improved efficacy for prophylactic use against thallium
Creators: name: Sandal, Nidhi
name: Kumar, Vivek
name: Sharma, Pooja
name: Yadav, Mahendra
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: The present study is aimed to enhance the efficacy of Insoluble Prussian blue (PB) in the stomach. PB formulation was developed comprising of PB in combination with pH modifying agents particularly magnesium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, sodium carbonate, and sodium bicarbonate. pH profile and the binding efficacy of the final formulation was evaluated in simulated gastric fluid (SGF). The capsule formulation was optimized with desired in vitro characteristics. The final formulations (FF1–FF4) were evaluated for drug release, pH profile, and binding efficacy for thallium (Tl). The stability studies were performed in terms of drug assay, Fourier-transformed infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA). The in vivo study was performed in rats to determine the removal efficacy of optimized formulation (FF4) for Tl. The PB formulation consisting of optimized PB granules and pH modifying agents showed a significant increase in the binding efficacy for Tl in SGF at an equilibrium time of 24 h. The Maximum Binding Capacity (MBC) of FF1–FF4 was found to be higher than commercially available Radiogardase®-Cs capsules and PB granules alone in SGF. The blood Tl level in rats treated with FF4 showed three-fold decreases in the level of Tl in the blood (Cmax) and Area under Curve (AUC) as compared to the control. The results revealed that the developed oral PB formulation has a significantly higher efficiency of binding Tl at the acidic pH of the stomach thereby reducing its absorption into the systemic circulation. Thus, the optimized formulation of PB with pH-modifying agents is a better drug for prophylactic use in thallium ingestion.
Scintillation Reduction for Laser Beams Propagating Through Turbulent Atmosphere
Creators: name: Berman, G. P.
name: Gorshkov, V. N.
name: Torous, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically examine the spatial evolution of the structure of coherent and partially coherent laser beams, including the optical vortices, propagating in turbulent atmospheres. The influence of beam fragmentation and wandering relative to the axis of propagation (z-axis) on the value of the scintillation index (SI) of the signal at the detector is analyzed. These studies were performed for different dimensions of the detector, distances of propagation, and strengths of the atmospheric turbulence. Methods for significantly reducing the scintillation index are described. These methods utilize averaging of the signal at the detector over a set of partially coherent beams (PCBs). It is demonstrated that the most effective approach is using a set of PCBs with definite initial directions of propagation relative to the z-axis. This approach results in a significant compensation of the beam wandering which in many cases is the main contributor to the SI. A novel method is to generate the PCBs by combining two laser beams - Gaussian and vortex beams, with different frequencies (the difference between these two frequencies being significantly smaller than the frequencies themselves). In this case, the effective suppression of the SI does not require high-frequency modulators. This result is important for achieving gigabit data-rates in long-distance laser communication through turbulent atmospheres.
description: 35 pages, 29 figures
Evidence-based practice and potentially harmful treatment in Canadian therapists
Creators: name: Thomson, Nicole Victoria
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Despite the abundance of research supporting evidence-based-practice (EBP), therapists are more likely to choose interventions based on intuition, training, and personal experience, rather than research (Gyani, Shafran, Myles, & Rose, 2014). One possible risk of not using EBP is that it leaves therapists open to the use of potentially harmful treatments (PHT) (Lilienfeld, 2007). Previous research has found that positive attitudes towards EBP are linked to intentions of using research to inform practice (Tasca, Grenon, Fortin-Langelier, & Chyurlia, 2014). While research about attitudes towards EBP and use of PHT are both growing respectively, there is a dearth of research supporting the relationship between attitudes towards EBP and use of PHT in Canadian therapists. This study explores attitudes towards EBP, use of PHT, and the relationship between EBP attitudes and PHT use in a sample of Canadian therapists. An online questionnaire was used to survey 152 practicing therapists, including registered counsellors and psychologists. Measures used include: the Attitudes Towards Evidence-Based Practice Scale-50 (EBPAS-50; Aarons, et al., 2012), a custom questionnaire assessing use of PHT, and questionnaires about education, practice, and personal demographics. Descriptive and inferential statistics were calculated. Results indicated that therapist factors like education, number of specializations, and caseload, independently related to certain domains of EBP attitudes, and to use of PHT. Moreover, specific dimensions of EBP attitudes related to use of PHT. In conclusion, this study confirms the association between negative attitudes towards EBP and using PHT in Canadian therapists. These findings also suggest that education, manageable caseloads, and limited specializations, may be important protective factors against negative attitudes towards EBP, and the use of PHT.
de Sitter relativity: a natural scenario for an evolving Lambda
Creators: name: Almeida, J. P. Beltran
name: Mayor, C. S. O.
name: Pereira, J. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dispersion relation of de Sitter special relativity is obtained in a simple and compact form, which is formally similar to the dispersion relation of ordinary special relativity. It is manifestly invariant under change of scale of mass, energy and momentum, and can thus be applied at any energy scale. When applied to the universe as a whole, the de Sitter special relativity is found to provide a natural scenario for the existence of an evolving cosmological term, and agrees in particular with the present-day observed value. It is furthermore consistent with a conformal cyclic view of the universe, in which the transition between two consecutive eras occurs through a conformal invariant spacetime.
description: V1: 11 pages. V2: Presentation changes, new discussion added, 13 pages
Entanglement generation and transfer between remote atomic qubits interacting with squeezed field
Creators: name: Reis, Paulo Jose dos
name: Sharma, S. Shelly
name: Sharma, N. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A pair of two level atoms A1A2, prepared either in a separable state or in an entangled state, interacts with a single mode of two mode squeezed cavity field while a third atomic qubit B interacts with the second mode of the squeezed field in a remote cavity. We analyze, numerically, the generation, sudden death and revival of three qubit entanglement as a function of initial entanglement of qubits A1A2 and degree of squeezing of electromagnetic field. Global negativity of partially transposed state operator is used to quantify the entanglement of three atom state. It is found that the initial entanglement of two mode field as well as that of the pair A1A2, both, contribute to three atom entanglement. A maximally entangled single excitation Bell pair in first cavity and two mode field with squeeze parameter s=0.64 are the initial conditions that optimize the peak value of three qubit mixed state entanglement. A smaller value of s=0.4 under similar conditions is found to generate a three qubit mixed state with comparable entanglement dynamics free from entanglement sudden death.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures, sections III and IV merged with section II and analytic expressions moved to Appendices A and B. Figures improved and corrected typos
Coordinate Bethe Ansatz for Spin s XXX Model
Creators: name: Crampé, Nicolas
name: Ragoucy, Eric
name: Alonzi, Ludovic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81R12, 17B80

description: We compute the eigenfunctions and eigenvalues of the periodic integrable spin s XXX model using the coordinate Bethe ansatz. To do so, we compute explicitly the Hamiltonian of the model. These results generalize what has been obtained for spin 1/2 and spin 1 chains.
Transport properties and anisotropy of Rb0.8Fe2Se2 single crystals
Creators: name: Li, Chun-Hong
name: Shen, Bing
name: Han, Fei
name: Zhu, Xiyu
name: Wen, Hai-Hu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single crystals of Rb{0.8}Fe2Se2 are successfully synthesized with the superconducting transition temperatures T_c{onset}= 31 K and T_c{zero}= 28 K. A clear anomaly of resistivity was observed in the normal state at about 150 K, as found in a similar system KxFe2Se2. The upper critical field has been determined with the magnetic field along ab-plane and c-axis, yielding an anisotropy of about 3.5. The angle dependent resistivity measured below T_c allow a perfect scaling feature based on the anisotropic Ginzburg-Landau theory, leading to a consistent value of the anisotropy which decreases from about 3.6 at around T_c to 2.9 at 27 K. Comparing to the anisotropy determined for Ba0.6K0.4Fe2As2 and Ba(Fe0.92Co0.08)2As2 using the same method, we find that the present sample is more anisotropic and the Fermi surfaces with stronger two dimensional characters are expected.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 6 of Analyzing the demographic, spatial, and temporal factors influencing social contact patterns in U.S. and implications for infectious disease spread
Creators: name: Dorélien, Audrey M.
name: Ramen, Aparna
name: Swanson, Isabella
name: Hill, Rachelle
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 6. Figure S2. A Histogram showing the distribution of duration of social contacts in minutes in the ATUS sample. B Histogram showing the distribution of duration of social contacts by age group in the ATUS sample.
A new method for calculating the primordial bispectrum in the squeezed limit
Creators: name: Ganc, Jonathan
name: Komatsu, Eiichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In 2004, Creminelli and Zaldarriaga proposed a consistency relation for the primordial curvature perturbation of all single-field inflation models; it related the bispectrum in the squeezed limit to the spectral tilt. We have developed a technique, based in part on the Creminelli and Zaldarriaga argument, that can greatly simplify the calculation of the squeezed-limit bispectrum using the in-in formalism; we were able to arrive at a generic formula that does not rely on a slow-roll approximation. Using our formula, we explicitly tested the consistency relation for power-law inflation and for an exactly scale-invariant model by Starobinsky; for the latter model, Creminelli and Zaldarriaga's argument predicts a vanishing bispectrum whereas our quantum calculation shows a non-zero bispectrum that approaches zero in the long-wavelength limit and for inflation with a large number of e-folds.
description: 24 pages, 0 figures; v3: added a section calculating the squeezed limit bispectrum of a model by Starobinsky, accepted by JCAP; v2: refocused paper on main result, improved proof of consistency relation, added some references
Interest-based Recommendation in Academic Networks using Social Network Analysis
Creators: name: Toreini, Peyman
name: Chatti, Mohamed Amine
name: Thues, Hendrik
name: Schroeder, Ulrik
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2016
Subjects: Recommender Systems
Social Network Analysis
Academic Networks
Collaborative Filtering
Professional Learning

description: Recommender systems are essential to overcome the information overload problem in professional learning environments. In this paper, we investigate interest-based recommendation in academic networks using social network analytics (SNA) methods. We implemented 21 different recommendation approaches based on traditional Collaborative Filtering (CF), Singular value Decomposition (SVD)-based RS, Trust-based CF, and SNA-based techniques for recommending new collaborators and research topics to the researchers. The evaluation results show that SNA-based recommendation outperforms traditional CF methods in terms of coverage and thus can provide an effective solution to the sparsity and cold start problems in recommender systems.
Additional file 7 of Analyzing the demographic, spatial, and temporal factors influencing social contact patterns in U.S. and implications for infectious disease spread
Creators: name: Dorélien, Audrey M.
name: Ramen, Aparna
name: Swanson, Isabella
name: Hill, Rachelle
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 7. Figure S3. A Seasonal differences in mean duration of total social contacts by location. B Mean duration (minutes) of total social contacts for metro versus non-metro respondents by age groups and location. C Regional Differences in mean duration of total social contact by age group and location.
A unified stability property in spin glasses
Creators: name: Panchenko, Dmitry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60K35, 82B44

description: Gibbs' measures in the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick type models satisfy two asymptotic stability properties, the Aizenman-Contucci stochastic stability and the Ghirlanda-Guerra identities, which play a fundamental role in our current understanding of these models. In this paper we show that one can combine these two properties very naturally into one unified stability property.
Fast optical control of spin dynamics in a quantum wire
Creators: name: Zhu, Zhen-Gang
name: Jia, Cheng-Long
name: Berakdar, Jamal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin dynamics in a quantum wire with a Rashba spin orbit interaction (SOI) is shown to be controllable via sub-picosecond electromagnetic pulses shaped appropriately. If the light polarization vector is along the wire's direction, the carriers experience a momentum boost while the phase coherence in different spin channels is maintained, a fact exploitable to control the speed of a photo-driven spin field effect transistor. A photon pulse with a polarization vector perpendicular to the wire results in a spin precession which is comparable to that due to the Rashba SOI and is tunable by the pulse field parameters, an effect utilizable in optically controlled spintronics devices.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Phase diagram of the Bose Kondo-Hubbard model
Creators: name: Foss-Feig, Michael
name: Rey, Ana Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a bosonic version of the Kondo lattice model with an on-site repulsion in the conduction band, implemented with alkali atoms in two bands of an optical lattice. Using both weak and strong-coupling perturbation theory, we find that at unit filling of the conduction bosons the superfluid to Mott insulator transition should be accompanied by a magnetic transition from a ferromagnet (in the superfluid) to a paramagnet (in the Mott insulator). Furthermore, an analytic treatment of Gutzwiller mean-field theory reveals that quantum spin fluctuations induced by the Kondo exchange cause the otherwise continuous superfluid to Mott-insulator phase transition to be first order. We show that lattice separability imposes a serious constraint on proposals to exploit excited bands for quantum simulations, and discuss a way to overcome this constraint in the context of our model by using an experimentally realized non-separable lattice. A method to probe the first-order nature of the transition based on collapses and revivals of the matter-wave field is also discussed.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, V2: extended discussion of effective Hamiltonians and mean-field theory, added Fig. 3
Flexible learning versus classroom lecture : a content analysis of undergraduate nursing students' learning using concept maps
Creators: name: Musni, Sarah Marie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Background: The ongoing difficulty that nursing educators face is managing finite class time and limited instructor-student interactions to achieve balance between discourse and active learning. To complicate this predicament, technology has infiltrated all aspects of daily life demanding that education must also meet the growing expectation of students to incorporate technology into curriculum. One approach that addresses this need is the flipped classroom (FC) format, which remains operationally ill-defined and the understanding of its effects on higher-level thinking are still nascent. Aim: The purpose of this study is to explore the differences in learning between the FC format compared to the traditional classroom lecture (TL) in the context of an undergraduate nursing course. Methods: A content analysis was performed on a previous study conducted in 2015. Concept maps were used to evaluate data from transcripts of undergraduate nursing students discussing a case scenario in either a TL or FC format. Results: When comparing FC and TL groups, FC groups had a more complex concept map morphology and greater amount of identified subcategories and links. The FC groups exhibited more higher order thinking concepts compared to the TL cohort. An unexpected finding was the emergence of discussion tangents across both the FC groups and the TL cohort. Conclusion: Flipped classrooms have a place in the gamut of pedagogical approaches and this study demonstrates that the FC approach enhances student learning and aids in the development of higher-level thinking. Keywords: flipped classroom, concept maps, traditional lecture, flexible learning, content analysis
CFT dual of the AdS Dirichlet problem: Fluid/Gravity on cut-off surfaces
Creators: name: Brattan, Daniel K.
name: Camps, Joan
name: Loganayagam, R.
name: Rangamani, Mukund
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the gravitational Dirichlet problem in AdS spacetimes with a view to understanding the boundary CFT interpretation. We define the problem as bulk Einstein's equations with Dirichlet boundary conditions on fixed timelike cut-off hypersurface. Using the fluid/gravity correspondence, we argue that one can determine non-linear solutions to this problem in the long wavelength regime. On the boundary we find a conformal fluid with Dirichlet constitutive relations, viz., the fluid propagates on a `dynamical' background metric which depends on the local fluid velocities and temperature. This boundary fluid can be re-expressed as an emergent hypersurface fluid which is non-conformal but has the same value of the shear viscosity as the boundary fluid. The hypersurface dynamics arises as a collective effect, wherein effects of the background are transmuted into the fluid degrees of freedom. Furthermore, we demonstrate that this collective fluid is forced to be non-relativistic below a critical cut-off radius in AdS to avoid acausal sound propagation with respect to the hypersurface metric. We further go on to show how one can use this set-up to embed the recent constructions of flat spacetime duals to non-relativistic fluid dynamics into the AdS/CFT correspondence, arguing that a version of the membrane paradigm arises naturally when the boundary fluid lives on a background Galilean manifold.
description: 71 pages, 2 figures. v2: Errors in bulk metrics dual to non-relativistic fluids (both on cut-off surface and on the boundary) have been corrected. New appendix with general results added. Fixed typos. 82 pages, 2 figures
Turbulence generation by a shock wave interacting with a random density inhomogeneity field
Creators: name: de Lira, Cesar Huete Ruiz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When a planar shock wave interacts with a random pattern of pre-shock density non-uniformities, it generates an anisotropic turbulent velocity/vorticity field. This turbulence plays an important role at the early stages of the mixing process in the compressed fluid. This situation emerges naturally in shock interaction with weakly inhomogeneous deuterium-wicked foam targets in Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) and with density clumps/clouds in astrophysics. We present an exact small-amplitude linear theory describing such interaction. It is based on the exact theory of time and space evolution of the perturbed quantities behind a corrugated shock front for a single-mode pre-shock non-uniformity. Appropriate mode averaging in 2D results in closed analytical expressions for the turbulent kinetic energy, degree of anisotropy of velocity and vorticity fields in the shocked fluid, shock amplification of the density non-uniformity, and sonic energy flux radiated downstream. These explicit formulas are further simplified in the important asymptotic limits of weak/strong shocks and highly compressible fluids. A comparison with the related problem of a shock interacting with a pre-shock isotropic vorticity field is also presented.
description: This article corresponds to a presentation given at the Second International Conference and Advanced School "Turbulent Mixing and Beyond," held on 27 July - 07 August 2009 at the Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste, Italy. That Conference Proceeding will be published as a Topical Issue of the Physica Scripta IOP science
The holographic screen at low temperatures
Creators: name: Kiselev, V. V.
name: Timofeev, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A permissible spectrum of transverse vibrations for the holographic screen modifies both a distribution of thermal energy over bits at low temperatures and the law of gravitation at small accelerations of free fall in agreement with observations of flat rotation curves in spiral galaxies. This modification relates holographic screen parameters in de Sitter space-time with the Milgrom acceleration in MOND.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure
Path-invariant and time-optimal motion control for industrial robots
Creators: name: Kim, Joonyoung
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: This thesis presents practical methods for planning and control to improve the motion performance of industrial robots. Particular attention is given to the commercial six degrees-of-freedom articulated robot with a low-cost generic controller. A comparative study of motion control methods demonstrated that both smooth trajectory planning and filtering techniques, when combined with a traditional Proportional-Derivative control, are limited in achievable performance due to reduced accelerations (smooth trajectory) or large path-distortions (filtering technique). Instead, faster and more accurate motion is achieved with a low-order trajectory, namely, trapezoidal velocity profile, with feedforward control design based on an elastic model. The key component that makes the latter approach more appealing is the delay-free dynamic input shaper embedded in the feedforward control. Following the results from the comparative study, two innovations are proposed to satisfy the path-invariant and time-optimal motion. First, an online time-optimal trapezoidal velocity profile planned along multiple path segments is presented. The trajectory can be planned for arbitrary boundary conditions and path curvatures with only four system-dynamics computations per path segment. Next, a novel control method based on the flexible joint dynamic model is proposed to achieve high tracking performance for the proposed trajectory. The proposed nonlinear multivariable control can place the closed-loop poles arbitrarily with only position and velocity feedback. Real-world experiments with commercial industrial robots are carried out to validate the presented methods.
Magnetars oscillations in the presence of a crust
Creators: name: Colaiuda, Antonella
name: Kokkotas, Kostas D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study axisymmetric perturbations of neutron star endowed with a strong magnetic field (magnetars), considering the coupled oscillations of the fluid core with the solid crust. We recover discrete oscillations based mainly in the crust and a continuum in the core. We also confirm the presence of "discrete Alfvén modes" in the gap between two contiguous continua (see Van Hooven& Levin (2011)) and, in addition, we can resolve some of them also inside the continua. Our results can explain both the lower and the higher observed quasi periodical oscillations (QPOs) in SGR 1806-20 and SGR 1900+14 and put constrains on the mass, radius and crust thickness of the two magnetars.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, accepted in MNRAS, minor typos corrected, references added
The cosmological size and velocity dispersion evolution of massive early-type galaxies
Creators: name: Oser, Ludwig
name: Naab, Thorsten
name: Ostriker, Jeremiah P.
name: Johansson, Peter H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze 40 cosmological re-simulations of individual massive galaxies with present-day stellar masses of $M_{*} > 6.3 \times 10^{10} M_{\odot}$ in order to investigate the physical origin of the observed strong increase in galaxy sizes and the decrease of the stellar velocity dispersions since redshift $z \approx 2$. At present 25 out of 40 galaxies are quiescent with structural parameters (sizes and velocity dispersions) in agreement with local early type galaxies. At z=2 all simulated galaxies with $M_* \gtrsim 10^{11}M_{\odot}$ (11 out of 40) at z=2 are compact with projected half-mass radii of $\approx$ 0.77 ($\pm$0.24) kpc and line-of-sight velocity dispersions within the projected half-mass radius of $\approx$ 262 ($\pm$28) kms$^{-1}$ (3 out of 11 are already quiescent). Similar to observed compact early-type galaxies at high redshift the simulated galaxies are clearly offset from the local mass-size and mass-velocity dispersion relations. Towards redshift zero the sizes increase by a factor of $\sim 5-6$, following $R_{1/2} \propto (1+z)^α$ with $α= -1.44$ for quiescent galaxies ($α= -1.12$ for all galaxies). The velocity dispersions drop by about one-third since $z \approx 2$, following $σ_{1/2} \propto (1+z)^β$ with $β= 0.44$ for the quiescent galaxies ($β= 0.37$ for all galaxies). The simulated size and dispersion evolution is in good agreement with observations and results from the subsequent accretion and merging of stellar systems at $z\lesssim 2$ which is a natural consequence of the hierarchical structure formation. A significant number of the simulated massive galaxies (7 out of 40) experience no merger more massive than 1:4 (usually considered as major mergers). On average, the dominant accretion mode is stellar minor mergers with a mass-weighted mass-ratio of 1:5. (abridged)
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Conceptual problems in detecting the evolution of dark energy when using distance measurements
Creators: name: Bolejko, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark energy is now one of the most important and topical problems in cosmology. The first step to reveal its nature is to detect the evolution of dark energy or to prove beyond doubt that the cosmological constant is indeed constant. However, in the standard approach to cosmology, the Universe is described by the homogeneous and isotropic Friedmann models. Here we show that in the perturbed universe (even if perturbations vanish if averaged over sufficiently large scales) the distance-redshift relation is not the same as in the unperturbed universe. This has a serious consequence when studying the nature of dark energy and, as shown here, can impair the analysis and studies of dark energy. The analysis is based on two methods: the linear lensing approximation and the non-linear Szekeres Swiss-Cheese model. The inhomogeneity scale is ~50 Mpc, and both models have the same density fluctuations along the line of sight. The comparison between linear and non-linear methods shows that non-linear corrections are not negligible. When inhomogeneities are present the distance changes by several percent. To show how this change influences the measurements of dark energy, ten future observations with 2% uncertainties are generated. It is shown the using the standard methods (i.e. under the assumption of homogeneity) the systematics due to inhomogeneities can distort our analysis, and may lead to a conclusion that dark energy evolves when in fact it is constant (or vice versa). Therefore, if future observations are analysed only within the homogeneous framework then the impact of inhomogeneities (such as voids and superclusters) can be mistaken for evolving dark energy. Since the robust distinction between the evolution and non-evolution of dark energy is the first step to understanding the nature of dark energy a proper handling of inhomogeneities is essential.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures; v2: extended analysis, new model added; accepter for publication in A&A
Contributo alla conoscenza delle Orchidaceae della Basilicata (Italia meridionale): resoconto dell'escursione del Giros nel 2006
Creators: name: Romieg Soca
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Orchidaceae
Basilicata

description: Fascetti S., Soca R., Romolini R. & Romano V. A. 2008. Contributo alla conoscenza delle Orchidaceae della Basilicata (Italia meridionale): resoconto dell'escursione del Giros nel 2006. GIROS Notizie 37: 1-10.
Reheating temperature from the CMB
Creators: name: Mielczarek, Jakub
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the recent paper by Mielczarek \emph{et al.} (JCAP {\bf 1007} (2010) 004) an idea of the method which can be used to put some constraint for the reheating phase was proposed. Another method of constraining the reheating temperature has been recently studied by Martin and Ringeval (Phys.\ Rev.\ D {\bf 82} (2010) 023511). Both methods are based on observations of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation. In this paper, we develop the idea introduced in this first article to put constraint on the reheating after the slow-roll inflation. We restrict our considerations to the case of a massive inflaton field. The method can be, however, easily extended to the different inflationary scenarios. As a main result, we derive an expression on the reheating temperature $T_{\text{RH}}$. Surprisingly, the obtained equation is independent on the unknown number of relativistic degrees of freedom $g_*$ produced during the reheating. Based on this equation and the WMAP 7 observations, we find $T_{\text{RH}}=3.5\cdot 10^6$ GeV, which is consistent with the current constraints. The relative uncertainty of the result is, however, very high and equal to $σ(T_{\text{RH}})/T_{\text{RH}} \approx 53$. As we show, this uncertainty will be significantly reduced with future CMB experiments.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures. Matches version published in Phys. Rev. D
Notes on a Cure for Higher-Spin Acausality
Creators: name: Porrati, Massimo
name: Rahman, Rakibur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a Lagrangian describing a massive charged spin-2 field and a scalar in a constant electromagnetic background, and we provide a consistent description of the system. The Lagrangian, derived from string field theory through a suitable dimensional reduction, propagates the correct number of degrees of freedom within the light cone in any space-time dimension less than 26. We briefly discuss the higher-spin generalization of this construction, that cures the pathologies of a massive charged particle of arbitrary integer spin by introducing only finitely many new massive degrees of freedom.
description: 14 pages, comments and references added, minor reorganization done. To appear in PRD
Energy levels of a scalar particle in a static gravitational field close to the black hole limit
Creators: name: Gossel, G. H.
name: Berengut, J. C.
name: Flambaum, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The bound-state energy levels of a scalar particle in the gravitational field of finite-sized objects with interiors described by the Florides and Schwarzschild metrics are found. For these metrics, bound states with zero energy (where the binding energy is equal to the mass of the scalar particle) only exist when a singularity occurs in the metric. For the Florides metric this singularity occurs in the black hole limit, while for the constant density (Schwarzschild interior) metric it corresponds to infinite pressure at the center. Moreover, the energy spectrum is shown to become quasi-continuous as the metric becomes singular.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures; minor text changes
Non-adaptive Measurement-based Quantum Computation and Multi-party Bell Inequalities
Creators: name: Hoban, Matty J.
name: Campbell, Earl T.
name: Loukopoulos, Klearchos
name: Browne, Dan E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum correlations exhibit behaviour that cannot be resolved with a local hidden variable picture of the world. In quantum information, they are also used as resources for information processing tasks, such as Measurement-based Quantum Computation (MQC). In MQC, universal quantum computation can be achieved via adaptive measurements on a suitable entangled resource state. In this paper, we look at a version of MQC in which we remove the adaptivity of measurements and aim to understand what computational abilities still remain in the resource. We show that there are explicit connections between this model of computation and the question of non-classicality in quantum correlations. We demonstrate this by focussing on deterministic computation of Boolean functions, in which natural generalisations of the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) paradox emerge; we then explore probabilistic computation, via which multipartite Bell Inequalities can be defined. We use this correspondence to define families of multi-party Bell inequalities, which we show to have a number of interesting contrasting properties.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, final version accepted for publication
Data-driven design of expressive robot hands and hand gestures : applications for collaborative human-robot interaction
Creators: name: Sheikholeslami, Sara
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Fast and reliable communication between human workers and robotic assistants (RAs) is essential for successful collaboration between these agents. This is especially true for typically noisy manufacturing environments that render verbal communication less effective. This thesis investigates the efficacy of nonverbal communication capabilities of robotic manipulators that have poseable, three-fingered end-effectors (hands). This work explores the extent to which different poses of a typical robotic gripper can effectively communicate instructional messages during human-robot collaboration. Within the context of a collaborative car door assembly task, a series of three studies were conducted. Study 1 empirically explored the type of hand configurations that humans use to nonverbally instruct another per- son (N=17). Based on the findings from Study 1, Study 2 examined how well human gestures with frequently used hand configurations were under- stood by recipients of the message (N=140). Finally, Study 3 implemented the most human-recognized human hand configurations on a 7-degree-of- freedom (DOF) robotic manipulator to investigate the efficacy of having human-inspired hand poses on a robotic hand compared to an unposed hand (N=100). Contributions of this work include the presentation of a set of hand configurations humans commonly use to instruct another person in a collaborative assembly scenario, as well as Recognition Rate and Recognition Confidence measures for the gestures that humans and robots expressed using different hand configurations. These experimental results indicate that most gestures are better recognized with a higher level of confidence when displayed with a posed robot hand. Guidelines and principles are provided based on these results for the mechanical design of robotic hands.
Report Universo in fiore 2020-21
Creators: name: AROSIO, Ilaria
name: BARBALINI, LAURA
Publisher: name: O.A. Brera
Year: 2021

description: Universo in fiore è un corso di astronomia per il pubblico che si è tenuto dal 2011 al 2019 nella Cupola a Fiore dell’INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera. Fin dalla sua prima edizione è stato monitorato con questionari di gradimento e Focus Group che hanno permesso di adattare l’iniziativa sempre di più alle esigenze degli utenti. Il dialogo costante con il pubblico e le numerose e ricche strategie di valutazione messe in campo negli anni permettono di considerare l’iniziativa come buona pratica di Terza Missione di un Ente di Ricerca. Dal 2020, a causa della pandemia, il corso ha cambiato modalità di fruizione passando alla forma online. Questo ha permesso di esplorare con successo nuove forme di interazione con il pubblico ed aumentare il bacino di utenza del corso, sia numericamente che geograficamente aprendo l’iniziativa ad un pubblico nuovo senza perdere quello storico.
Software acceleration on Xilinx FPGAs using OmpSs@FPGA ecosystem
Creators: name: Goz, David
name: BERTOCCO, SARA
name: TAFFONI, Giuliano
name: CORETTI, Igor
Publisher: name: O.A. Trieste
Year: 2021

description: The OmpSs@FPGA programming model allows offloading application functionality to Xilinx Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). The OmpSs compiler splits the code (written in C/C++ high level language) in two parts, targeting the host and the FPGA. The first is usually compiled by the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC), while the latter is given to the Xilinx Vivado HLS tool (hereafter HLS) for high level synthesis to VHDL and bitstream used to program the FPGA. OmpSs@FPGA is based on compiler directives, which allow the programmer to annotate the part of the code to automatically exploit all Symmetric MultiProcessor system (smp) and FPGA resource available in the execution platform. This technical report provides both descriptive and hands-on introductions to build application-specific FPGA systems using the high-level OmpSs@FPGA tool. The goal is to give the reader a baseline view of the process of creating an optimized hardware design annotating C-based code with HLS directives. We assume the reader has a working knowledge of C/C++, and familiarity with basic computer architecture concepts (e.g. speedup, parallelism, pipelining).
The Fermi problem with artificial atoms in circuit QED
Creators: name: Sabin, Carlos
name: del Rey, Marco
name: Garcia-Ripoll, Juan Jose
name: Leon, Juan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a feasible experimental test of a 1-D version of the Fermi problem using superconducting qubits. We give an explicit non-perturbative proof of strict causality in this model, showing that the probability of excitation of a two-level artificial atom with a dipolar coupling to a quantum field is completely independent of the other qubit until signals from it may arrive. We explain why this is in perfect agreement with the existence of nonlocal correlations and previous results which were used to claim apparent causality problems for Fermi's two-atom system.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures; typos corrected, introduction revised and experimental discussion extended, results unchanged
A Natural Language Dialog System Based on Active Ontologies
Creators: name: Wachtel, Alexander
name: Klamroth, Jonas
name: Tichy, Walter F.
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2016

description: Abstract: Programming today requires years of training. With natural language, programming would become available to everyone and enable end users to program their devices or extend their functionality without any knowledge of programming languages. We present an assistant usable in technical domains that uses natural language understanding, programming step-by-step and an active dialog management system. It allows users to manipulate spreadsheet data by using natural language. We extend our previous system with active ontologies. By adding additional information to an ontology, such as a rule evaluation system and a fact store, it becomes an execution environment instead of just being a representation of knowledge. Sensor nodes register certain events and store them in the fact store. An evaluation mechanism tests the new facts against the existing rules and performs the associated action if one or more rules apply to the stored facts. The system also handles references to previous results and expressions, allowing the construction of complex expressions step-by-step. It also creates new formulas by using End-User Programming concepts and supports the use of repetitive tasks that involve use of conditions and negations. An evaluation shows that the active ontology-based approach resolves 90% of the input tasks which is an increase of 10% over the pattern matching approach.
The homotopy theory of function spaces: a survey
Creators: name: Smith, Samuel Bruce
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We survey research on the homotopy theory of the space map(X, Y) consisting of all continuous functions between two topological spaces. We summarize progress on various classification problems for the homotopy types represented by the path-components of map(X, Y). We also discuss work on the homotopy theory of the monoid of self-equivalences aut(X) and of the free loop space LX. We consider these topics in both ordinary homotopy theory as well as after localization. In the latter case, we discuss algebraic models for the localization of function spaces and their applications.
description: 37 pages
The effects of nonlinear Maxwell source on the magnetic solutions in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity
Creators: name: Hendi, S. H.
name: Kordestani, S.
name: Motlagh, S. N. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Considering both the power Maxwell invariant source and the Einstein--Gauss--Bonnet gravity, we present a new class of static solutions yields a spacetime with a longitudinal nonlinear magnetic field. These horizonless solutions have no curvature singularity, but have a conic geometry with a deficit angle $δϕ$. In order to have vanishing electromagnetic field at spatial infinity, we restrict the nonlinearity parameter to $s>1/2$. Investigation of the energy conditions show that these solutions satisfy the null, weak and strong energy conditions simultaneously, for $s>1/2$, and the dominant energy condition is satisfied when $s \in ({1/2,1}]$. In addition, we look for about the effect of nonlinearity parameter on the energy density and also deficit angle, and find that these quantities are sensitive with respect to variation of nonlinearity parameter. We find that for special values of nonlinearity parameter, two important subclass of solutions, so-called conformally invariant Maxwell and BTZ-like solutions, with interesting properties, emerge. Then, we generalize the static solutions to the case of spinning magnetic solutions and find that, when one or more rotation parameters are nonzero, the brane has a net electric charge which is proportional to the magnitude of the rotation parameters. We also use the counterterm method to compute the conserved quantities of these spacetimes such as mass, angular momentum, and find that these conserved quantities do not depend on the nonlinearity parameter.
description: 19 pages, 6 eps figures, [one can find wormhole interpretation in CJP 89, 281 (2011) and JMP 52, 042502 (2011).]
Crossing velocities for an annealed random walk in a random potential
Creators: name: Kosygina, Elena
name: Mountford, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Primary: 60K37. Secondary: 82B41, 82B44

description: We consider a random walk in an i.i.d. non-negative potential on the d-dimensional integer lattice. The walk starts at the origin and is conditioned to hit a remote location y on the lattice. We prove that the expected time under the annealed path measure needed by the random walk to reach y grows only linearly in the distance from y to the origin. In dimension one we show the existence of the asymptotic positive speed.
description: 29 pages