cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Psycholinguistic Look at the Role of Field Dependence/Independence in Receptive/Productive Vocabulary Knowledge: Does it Draw a Line?
Creators: name: Heidari, Kamal
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: AbstractThe thrust of this study was to investigate the impact of learning styles in general and Field dependence/Independence (FD/I) in particular on the receptive/productive lexical performance of language learners. It aimed to check whether FD/I learners perform differently on receptive and productive vocabulary tests. To achieve this, first, 94 Iranian language learners were given the Group Embedded Figure Test (GEFT) to determine their learning style; and second, they were put into two groups and were asked to take a receptive and a productive vocabulary test. Having collected and analyzed the data, the study revealed that first, with regard to the receptive test, although FI learners outperformed the FD ones, this outperformance was not significant statistically. Second, for the productive test, a significant difference was found between FIs and FDs with FI learners having a better performance. Third, FI learners acted significantly better in the productive test compared with receptive test. Finally, FD learners performed almost similarly in both receptive and productive tests. The pertinent implications are also discussed.
Polycrystalline exchange-biased bilayers: magnetically effective vs. structural antiferromagnetic grain volume distribution
Creators: name: Merkel, Maximilian
name: Reginka, Meike
name: Huhnstock, Rico
name: Ehresmann, Arno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic characteristics of polycrystalline exchange-biased antiferromagnet/ferromagnet-bilayers are determined by a complex interplay of parameters, describing structural and magnetic properties of the material system, including in particular the grain volume distribution of the antiferromagnet. An ideal characterization of such systems would be a non-destructive determination of the relevant parameters for each individual grain. This is in most cases not feasible, since typical characterization methods do average over larger areas. Here, we show that it is however possible to determine averaged microscopic parameters from averaged macroscopic magnetic quantities measured by vectorial Kerr magnetometry in comparison to an elaborate model. In particular, we estimate the magnetically effective antiferromagnetic grain size distribution, being essential for the interface exchange coupling to the ferromagnetic layer. We found that the distribution of magnetically active grain sizes differs from the structural one, indicating that the antiferromagnetic order, relevant for the exchange bias, extends only over a part of the grains' structural volumes.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables
Entanglement entropy and negativity in the Ising model with defects
Creators: name: Rogerson, David
name: Pollmann, Frank
name: Roy, Ananda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Defects in two-dimensional conformal field theories (CFTs) contain signatures of their characteristics. In this work, we compute the entanglement entropy (EE) and the entanglement negativity (EN) of subsystems in the presence of energy and duality defects in the Ising CFT using the density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) technique. We show that the EE for the duality defect exhibits fundamentally different characteristics compared to the energy defect due to the existence of localized and delocalized zero energy modes. Of special interest is the nontrivial `finite-size correction' in the EE obtained recently using free fermion computations. These corrections arise when the subsystem size is appreciable compared to the total system size and lead to a deviation from the usual logarithmic scaling characteristic of one-dimensional quantum-critical systems. Using matrix product states with open and infinite boundary conditions, we numerically demonstrate the disappearance of the zero mode contribution for finite subsystem sizes in the thermodynamic limit. Our results provide further support to the recent free fermion computations, but clearly contradict earlier analytical field theory calculations based on twisted torus partition functions. Subsequently, we compute the logarithm of the EN (log-EN) between two disjoint subsystems separated by a defect. We show that the log-EN scales logarithmically with the separation of the subsystems. However, the coefficient of this logarithmic scaling yields a continuously-varying effective central charge that is different from that obtained from analogous computations of the EE. The defects leave their fingerprints in the subleading term of the scaling of the log-EN. Furthermore, the log-EN receives similar `finite size corrections' like the EE which leads to deviations from its characteristic logarithmic scaling.
description: 27 pages, 7 figures, (updated published version)
Merger rates of intermediate-mass black hole binaries in nuclear star clusters
Creators: name: Fragione, Giacomo
name: Loeb, Abraham
name: Kocsis, Bence
name: Rasio, Frederic A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Repeated mergers of stellar-mass black holes (BHs) in dense star clusters can produce intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs). In particular, nuclear star clusters at the centers of galaxies have deep enough potential wells to retain most of the BH merger products, in spite of the significant recoil kicks due to anisotropic emission of gravitational radiation. These events can be detected in gravitational waves (GWs), which represent an unprecedented opportunity to reveal IMBHs. In this paper, we analyze the statistical results of a wide range of numerical simulations, which encompass different cluster metallicities, initial BH seed masses, and initial BH spins, and we compute the merger rate of IMBH binaries. We find that merger rates are in the range $0.01$-$10$\,Gpc$^{-3}$\,yr$^{-1}$ depending on IMBH masses. We also compute the number of multi-band detections in ground-based and space-based observatories. Our model predicts that a few merger events per year should be detectable with LISA, DECIGO, ET, and LIGO for IMBHs with masses $\lesssim 1000\msun$, and a few tens of merger events per year with DECIGO, ET, and LIGO only.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, accepted by ApJ
Giant diffusion of nanomechanical rotors in a tilted washboard potential
Creators: name: Bellando, Louis.
name: Kleine, Melissa.
name: Amarouchene, Yacine.
name: Perrin, Mathias.
name: Louyer, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an experimental realization of a biased optical periodic potential in the low friction limit. The noise-induced bistability between locked (torsional) and running (spinning) states in the rotational motion of a nanodumbbell is driven by an elliptically polarized light beam tilting the angular potential. By varying the gas pressure around the point of maximum intermittency, the rotational effective diffusion coefficient increases by more than 3 orders of magnitude over free-space diffusion. These experimental results are in agreement with a simple two-state model that is derived from the Langevin equation through using timescale separation. Our work provides a new experimental platform to study the weak thermal noise limit for diffusion in this system.
Additional file 1 of Establishing a national high fidelity cadaveric emergency urology simulation course to increase trainee preparedness for independent on-call practice: a prospective observational study
Creators: name: Bullock, Nicholas
name: Ellul, Thomas
name: Biers, Suzanne
name: Armitage, James
name: Cashman, Sophia
name: Narahari, Krishna
name: Tatarov, Oleg
name: Fenn, Neil
name: Bose, Pradeep
name: Featherstone, Jonathan
name: Hughes, Owen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Material 1. Pre-course questionnaire
Valley polarization fluctuations, bistability, and switching in two-dimensional semiconductors
Creators: name: Semina, M. A.
name: Glazov, M. M.
name: Robert, C.
name: Lombez, L.
name: Amand, T.
name: Marie, X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study theoretically nonlinear valley polarization dynamics of excitons in atom-thin semiconductors. The presence of significant polarization slows down valley relaxation due to an effective magnetic field resulting from exciton-exciton interactions. We address temporal dynamics of valley polarized excitons and study the steady states of the polarized exciton gas. We demonstrate bistability of the valley polarization where two steady states with low and high valley polarization are formed. We study the effects of fluctuations and noise in such system. We evaluate valley polarization autocorrelation functions and demonstrate that for a high-polarization regime the fluctuations are characterized by high amplitude and long relaxation time. We study the switching between the low- and high-valley polarized states caused by the noise in the system and demonstrate that the state with high valley polarization is preferential in a wide range of pumping rates.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Curvilinear spin-wave dynamics beyond the thin-shell approximation: Magnetic nanotubes as a case study
Creators: name: Körber, Lukas
name: Verba, Roman
name: Otálora, Jorge A.
name: Kravchuk, Volodymyr
name: Lindner, Jürgen
name: Fassbender, Jürgen
name: Kákay, Attila
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Surface curvature of magnetic systems can lead to many static and dynamic effects which are not present in flat systems of the same material. These emergent magnetochiral effects can lead to frequency nonreciprocity of spin waves, which has been shown to be a bulk effect of dipolar origin and is related to a curvature-induced symmetry breaking in the magnetic volume charges. So far, such effects have been investigated theoretically mostly for thin shells, where the spatial profiles of the spin waves can be assumed to be homogeneous along the thickness. Here, using a finite-element dynamic-matrix approach, we investigate the transition of the spin-wave spectrum from thin to thick curvilinear shells, at the example of magnetic nanotubes in the vortex state. With increasing thickness, we observe the appearance of higher-order radial modes which are strongly hybridized and resemble the perpendicular-standing-waves (PSSWs) in flat films. Along with an increasing dispersion asymmetry, we uncover the curvature-induced non-reciprocity of the mode profiles. This is explained in a very simple picture general for thick curvilinear shells, considering the inhomogeneity of the emergent geometric volume charges along the thickness of the shell. Such curvature-induced mode-profile asymmetry also leads to non-reciprocal hybridization which can facilitate unidirectional spin-wave propagation. With that, we also show how curvature allows for nonlinear three-wave splitting of a higher-order radial mode into secondary modes which can also propagate unidirectionally. We believe that our study provides a significant contribution to the understanding of the spin-wave dynamics in curvilinear magnetic systems, but also advertises these for novel magnonic applications.
Diffusion of elastic waves in a continuum solid with a random array of pinned dislocations
Creators: name: Churochkin, Dmitry
name: Lund, Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The propagation of incoherent elastic energy in a three-dimensional solid due to the scattering by many, randomly placed and oriented, pinned dislocation segments, is considered in a continuum mechanics framework. The scattering mechanism is that of an elastic string of length L that re-radiates as a response to an incoming wave. The scatterers are thus not static but have their own dynamics. A Bethe-Salpeter (BS) equation is established, and a Ward-Takahashi Identity (WTI) is demonstrated. The BS equation is written as a spectral problem that, using the WTI, is solved in the diffusive limit. To leading order a diffusion behavior indeed results, and an explicit formula for the diffusion coeffcient is obtained. It can be evaluated in an Independent Scattering Approximation (ISA) in the absence of intrinsic damping. It depends not only on the bare longitudinal and transverse wave velocities but also on the renormalized velocities, as well as attenuation coeffcients, of the coherent waves. The influence of the length scale given by L, and of the resonant behavior for frequencies near the resonance frequency of the strings, can be explicitly identified. A Kubo representation for the diffusion constant can be identified. Previous generic results, obtained with an energy transfer formalism, are recovered when the number of dislocations per unit volume is small. This includes the equipartition of diffusive energy density which, however, does not hold in general. The formalism bears a number of similarities with the behavior of electromagnetic waves in a medium with a random distribution of dielectric scatterers; the elastic interaction, however, is momentum dependent.
Secure Formation Control via Edge Computing Enabled by Fully Homomorphic Encryption and Mixed Uniform-Logarithmic Quantization
Creators: name: Marcantoni, Matteo
name: Jayawardhana, Bayu
name: Chaher, Mariano Perez
name: Bunte, Kerstin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Recent developments in communication technologies, such as 5G, together with innovative computing paradigms, such as edge computing, provide further possibilities for the implementation of real-time networked control systems. However, privacy and cyber-security concerns arise when sharing private data between sensors, agents and a third-party computing facility. In this paper, a secure version of the distributed formation control is presented, analyzed and simulated, where gradient-based formation control law is implemented in the edge, with sensor and actuator information being secured by fully homomorphic encryption method based on learning with error (FHE-LWE) combined with a proposed mixed uniform-logarithmic quantizer (MULQ). The novel quantizer is shown to be suitable for realizing secure control systems with FHE-LWE where the critical real-time information can be quantized into a prescribed bounded space of plaintext while satisfying a sector bound condition whose lower and upper-bound can be made sufficiently close to an identity. An absolute stability analysis is presented, that shows the asymptotic stability of the closed-loop secure control system.
Additional file 1 of Leveraging hybrid biomarkers in clinical endpoint prediction
Creators: name: Maliazurina Saad
name: Lee, Ik Hyun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1 : Fig. 1. The survival distribution is plotted as KM curves using each of the proposed biomarkers as a risk factor. The comparison groups are given as patients clustered into solid-dominant (SD) and non-solid dominant (NSD) tumor groups.
Sivers function of sea quarks in the light-cone model
Creators: name: Luan, Xiaoyan
name: Lu, Zhun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the Sivers function of $\bar{u}$ and $\bar{d}$ quarks using the overlap representation within the light-cone formalism. The light-cone wave functions of the proton is obtained in terms of the $|\bar{q} q B\rangle$ Fock states motivated by the meson-baryon fluctuation model. We consider the final-state interaction at the level of one gluon exchange. In a simplified scenario, the Sivers function of $\bar{u}$ and $\bar{d}$ can be expressed as the convolution of the Sivers function of the pion inside the proton and the unpolarized distribution of $\bar{q}$ inside the pion. The model parameters are fixed by fitting the unpolarized sea quark distributions to the known parameterizations. We present the numerical results for $f_1^{\perp \bar{u}/p}(x,\boldsymbol{k}_T^2)$ and $f_1^{\perp \bar{d}/p}(x,\boldsymbol{k}_T^2)$. The first transverse moment of the sea quark Sivers functions in our model are find to be negative and the magnitude is about 0.004 at most.
description: 9 pages, figures
$W$ boson mass and muon $g-2$ in a lepton portal dark matter model
Creators: name: Kawamura, Junichiro
name: Okawa, Shohei
name: Omura, Yuji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a lepton portal dark matter model, motivated by the deviation of the $W$ boson mass reported by the CDF collaboration. We introduce vector-like leptons and a scalar dark matter (DM) which exclusively couples to the extra leptons and muon. The one-loop corrections induced by the new particles can shift the $W$ boson mass. Besides, the discrepancy in the muon anomalous magnetic moment and the DM density can simultaneously be explained by this setup, if the vector-like lepton is lighter than 200 GeV and nearly degenerate with the DM particle. We also see that the constraints on such a light extra lepton from the collider experiments can be evaded due to the existence of the DM particle.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures and 1 table.; ver2 references added
Additional file 1 of Development and evaluation of indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for the determination of immune response to multiple clostridial antigens in vaccinated captive bred southern white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum simum)
Creators: name: Buys, Angela
name: Crafford, Jannie
name: Heerden, Henriette Van
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1. Analytical sensitivity of the assays for this study is included as additional data.
On the Ohmic-dominant heating mode of capacitively-coupled plasma inverted by boundary electron emission
Creators: name: Zhang, Shu
name: Sun, Guang-Yu
name: Chen, Jian
name: Sun, Hao-Min
name: Sun, An-Bang
name: Zhang, Guan-Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron emission from the boundary is ubiquitous in capacitively coupled plasma (CCP) and precipitates nonnegligible influences on the discharge properties. Here we present the PIC-MCC simulation of an Ohmic-dominant heating mode of capacitively coupled plasma where the stochastic heating vanishes and only Ohmic heating sustains the discharge, due to sheath inversion by boundary electron emission. The inverted CCP features negative sheath potential without Bohm presheath, hence excluding plasma heating due to sheath edge oscillation. The particle and energy transport of the proposed heating mode is analyzed. The influences of boundary electron emission flux, source voltage, and neutral pressure on the transition between classic and Ohmic-dominant CCP heating modes are shown with designated simulation scans. A modified inverse sheath-plasma coupling due to excessive ionization is discovered. In the end, key indicators of the proposed heating mode in plasma diagnostics are provided for future experimental verifications.
description: letter
Additional file 2 of Establishing a national high fidelity cadaveric emergency urology simulation course to increase trainee preparedness for independent on-call practice: a prospective observational study
Creators: name: Bullock, Nicholas
name: Ellul, Thomas
name: Biers, Suzanne
name: Armitage, James
name: Cashman, Sophia
name: Narahari, Krishna
name: Tatarov, Oleg
name: Fenn, Neil
name: Bose, Pradeep
name: Featherstone, Jonathan
name: Hughes, Owen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary Material 2. Post-course questionnaire
Additional file 1 of Cross-cultural adaptation, validity, and reliability of the Nepali version of the Exercise Adherence Rating Scale: a methodological study
Creators: name: Adhikari, Shambhu P.
name: Rubee Dev
name: Jayana N. Shrestha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Additional file 1. Nepali version of Exercise Adherence Rating Scale (N-EARS).pdf.
Verkehrsverhalten im Städtevergleich
Creators: name: Wachter, Isabelle
name: Holz-Rau, Christian
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Motorisierung
subject: Städtevergleich
subject: Verkehrsaufkommen
subject: Verkehrsmittelnutzung
subject: Verkehrsverhalten
subject: 710
subject: Motorisierung
subject: Verkehrsaufkommen
subject: Verkehrsverhalten

description: Der Beitrag vergleicht basierend auf Daten des Kraftfahrt-Bundesamtes und der Erhebung Mobilität in Deutschland 2017 (MiD 2017) das Verkehrsverhalten der Wohnbevölkerung in den Untersuchungsstädten des Forschungsprojekts WIVER sowie zwischen Städten und Gemein-den unterschiedlicher Größe. Dabei liegt der Fokus auf den verkehrsmittelspezifischen Wegehäufigkeiten und Distanzen pro Person und Tag. Unterschiede zwischen den Gemeindegrößenklassen und Untersuchungsstädten bestätigen bisherige Befunde und Erwartungen vor allem im Verkehrsverhalten von Personen, die nur im Nahbereich unterwegs sind. Werden die Personen mit (über)regionalen Wege berücksichtigt, schwächen sich Unterschiede zwischen den Städten deutlich ab. Die Ergebnisse beschreiben die Unterschiede zwischen Gemeindetypen und zwischen Städten und umreißen so die Wirkungsbereiche kommunaler Strukturen, zu denen auch die bisherige kommunale Verkehrsplanung und Verkehrspolitik gehört.
description: WIVER Arbeitspapiere;5
Mass Distribution and "Mass Gap" of Compact Stellar Remnants in Binary Systems
Creators: name: Kumar, Niranjan
name: Sokolov, Vladimir V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The highest critical mass of neutron stars (NSs) was reviewed in the context of equation of state and observationsl results/ It was predicted that the maximum NS mass (MNS) exists in the range MNS ~ 2.2-2.9 M_Sun. However, recent observations of gravitationsl waves and other studies had suggested the higher mass limit of NSs, MNS ~ 3/2 M_Sun. The NS mass up to the value of MNS ~ 2 M_Sun is well understood, and with such a mass value it was meaning ful to discuss the "mass gap" ("m-gap") between the NS and black hole (BH) collapsars.The "m-gap" exists in between the highest mass of NS and the lowest mass of BH collapsars (Mm-gap ~ 2-5 M_Sun). in the mass distribution, the maximim population of NSs and BHs is located at MNS = 1.4 M_Sun and MBH = 6.7 M_Sun, respectively. However, recent ofservational results predicted filling the "m-gap" by the compact objects. In this paper, the concept of gravidynamics was reported to resolve the problem of peak likelihood value of gravitational mass at Mpeak = 6.7 M_Sun and the "m-gap" (Mm-gap ~ 2-5 M_Sun). This concept was based on a non-metric scalar-tensor model of gravitational interaction with localizable field energy. The gravidynamics model shows the total mass (MQ) of a compact relativistic object filled with matter of quark-gluon plasma of the radius r* = GMQ/c2 ~ 10 km, consistent with the "m-gap". It was conceptualized that the total measurable gravitational mass of such an extremely dense object consists of both matter and field, which is described by scalar-tensor components. This model is also useful for predicting the collapsars within the "m-gap".
description: 25 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Astrophysical Bulletin, vol.77. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1309.6635, arXiv:1006.2834, arXiv:1909.05804 by other authors
Additional file 2 of Development and evaluation of indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for the determination of immune response to multiple clostridial antigens in vaccinated captive bred southern white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum simum)
Creators: name: Buys, Angela
name: Crafford, Jannie
name: Heerden, Henriette Van
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 2. Repeatability of the assays for this study is included as additional data.
Gaussian dispersion analysis in the time domain: efficient conversion with Padé approximants
Creators: name: Prokopeva, Ludmila
name: Peana, Samuel
name: Kildishev, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an approach for adapting the Gaussian dispersion analysis (GDA) of optical materials to time-domain simulations. Within a GDA model, the imaginary part of a measured dielectric function is presented as a sum of Gaussian absorption terms. Such a simple model is valid for materials where inhomogeneous broadening is substantially larger than the homogeneous linewidth. The GDA model is the essential broadband approximation for the dielectric function of many glasses, polymers, and other natural and artificial materials with disorder. However, efficient implementation of this model in time-domain full-wave electromagnetic solvers has never been fully achieved. We start with a causal form of an isolated oscillator with Gaussian-type absorption - Causal Dawson-Gauss oscillator. Then, we derive explicit analytical formulas to implement the Gaussian oscillator in a finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) solver with minimal use of memory and floating point operations. The derivation and FDTD implementation employ our generalized dispersive material (GDM) model - a universal, modular approach to describing optical dispersion with Padé approximants. We share the FDTD prototype codes that include automated generation of the approximants and a universal FDTD dispersion implementation that employs various second-order accurate numerical schemes. The codes can be used with non-commercial solvers and commercial software for time-domain simulations of light propagation in dispersive media, which are experimentally characterized with GDA models.
description: 72 Pages, 13 Figures, Code can be found on Code Ocean as package MADIS
How large are the monomers of dust aggregates in planet-forming disks?: Insights from quantitative optical and near-infrared polarimetry
Creators: name: Tazaki, Ryo
name: Dominik, Carsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: The size of the constituent particles (monomers) of dust aggregates is one of the most uncertain parameters directly affecting collisional growth of aggregates in planet-forming disks. Despite its importance, the monomer size has not yet been meaningfully constrained by disk observations. Aims: We attempt to derive the monomer size from optical and near-infrared (IR) polarimetric observations of planet-forming disks. Methods: We perform a comprehensive parameter survey on the degree of linear polarization of light scattered by dust aggregates, using an exact numerical method called the $T$-matrix method. We investigate the effect of the monomer size, aggregate size, porosity, and composition on the degree of polarization. The obtained results are then compared with observed polarization fractions of several planet-forming disks at optical and near-IR wavelengths. Results: It is shown that the degree of polarization of aggregates depends sensitively on the monomer size unless the monomer size parameter is smaller than one or two. Comparing the simulation results with the disk observations, we find that the monomer radius is no greater than $0.4~μ$m. The inferred monomer size is therefore similar to subunit sizes of the solar system dust aggregates and the maximum size of interstellar grains. Conclusions: Optical and near-IR quantitative polarimetry will provide observational grounds on the initial conditions for dust coagulation and thereby planetesimal formation in planet-forming disks.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures, 1 table; Accepted for publication in A&A
title:  Cinq questions à Salam Kawakibi
Creators: name: Kawakibi, Salam
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2016

description: Questo articolo ritorna sulle origini della rivolta siriana, per mostrare che le radici della crisi siriana attuale si collocano negli anni settanta, quando il potere di Assad padre ha instaurato un regime definibile come «sicurocrazia». Il testo interroga così la costruzione dell’identità siriana o la sua distruzione, poi analizza le origini del confessionalismo e della sua progressiva diffusione nella società. Per finire, interpella la cosiddetta comunità internazionale che si nasconde dietro la complessità immaginata della crisi e sottolinea al contrario l’assenza di una reale volontà di finirla con questa catastrofe umanitaria.
description: Vers un nouveau Moyen-Orient? États arabes en crise entre logiques de division et sociétés civiles
Symplectic Effective Field Theory for Nuclear Structure Studies
Creators: name: Kekejian, D.
name: Draayer, J. P.
name: Mokeev, V. I.
name: Roberts, C. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Symplectic Effective Field Theory that unveils the observed emergence of symplectic symmetry in atomic nuclei is advanced. Specifically, starting from a simple extension of the harmonic-oscillator Lagrangian, an effective field theory applied against symplectic basis states is shown to yield a Hamiltonian system with one fitted parameter. The scale of the system can be determined self consistently as the ratio of the average volume of a nucleus assumed to be spherical to its volume as determined by the average number of oscillator quanta, which is stretched by the fact that the plane-wave solution satisfies the equations of motion at every order without the need for perturbative corrections. As an application of the theory, results for 20Ne, 22Ne and 22Mg are presented that yield energy spectra, B(E2) values, and matter radii in good agreement with experimentally measured results.
Characterization of timing and spacial resolution of novel TI-LGAD structures before and after irradiation
Creators: name: Senger, Matias
name: Bisht, Ashish
name: Borghi, Giacomo
name: Boscardin, Maurizio
name: Vignali, Matteo Centis
name: Ficorella, Federico
name: Ali, Omar Hammad
name: Kilminster, Ben
name: Macchiolo, Anna
name: Paternoster, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The characterization of spacial and timing resolution of the novel Trench Isolated LGAD (TI-LGAD) technology is presented. This technology has been developed at FBK with the goal of achieving 4D pixels, where an accurate position resolution is combined in a single device with the precise timing determination for Minimum Ionizing Particles (MIPs). In the TI-LGAD technology, the pixelated LGAD pads are separated by physical trenches etched in the silicon. This technology can reduce the interpixel dead area, mitigating the fill factor problem. The TI-RD50 production studied in this work is the first one of pixelated TI-LGADs. The characterization was performed using a scanning TCT setup with an infrared laser and a $^{90}$Sr source setup.
USNO Bright Star Catalog, version 1
Creators: name: Zacharias, Norbert
name: Makarov, Valeri V.
name: Finch, Charles T.
name: Harris, Hugh C.
name: Munn, Jeffrey A.
name: Subasavage, John P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: USNO Bright Star Catalog (UBSC) is a new astrometric catalog of 1423 brightest stars covering the entire sky, which is published online. It is nearly complete to $V=3$ mag except for three stellar systems. A combined astrometric solution of the Hipparcos Intermediate Astrometry Data and two dedicated ground-based campaigns in 2013 -- 2020 is the basis for this catalog. The astrometric parameters for each star include position coordinates, parallax, proper motion components, and their covariances on the Hipparcos mean epoch 1991.25. 64 percent of the catalog are flagged as known or suspected double or binary stars. UBSC lists 68 stars missing in Gaia EDR3 and another 114 stars without Gaia parallaxes or proper motions. The formal precision achieved for proper motions is comparable to that of Gaia.
description: Accepted for publication in AJ. Astrometric catalog of 1423 bright stars will be published online
Cosmological memory effect in scalar-tensor theories
Creators: name: Gorji, Mohammad Ali
name: Matsuda, Taisuke
name: Mukohyama, Shinji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cosmological memory effect is a permanent change in the relative separation of test particles located in a FLRW spacetime due to the passage of gravitational waves. In the case of a spatially flat FLRW spacetime filled with a perfect fluid in general relativity, it is known that only tensor perturbations contribute to the memory effect while scalar and vector perturbations do not. In this paper, we show that in the context of scalar-tensor theories, the scalar perturbations associated to the scalar graviton contribute to the memory effect as well. We find that, depending on the mass and coupling, the influence of cosmic expansion on the memory effect due to the scalar perturbations can be either stronger or weaker than the one induced by the tensor perturbations. As a byproduct, in an appendix, we develop a general framework which can be used to study coupled wave equations in any curved spacetime region which admits a foliation by time slices.
description: 8+11 pages (two-column), 5 appendices; v2: the differences/similarities between the cosmological scalar and tensor memory effects are clarified in more detail
Additional file 1 of Masakari: visualization supported statistical analysis of genome segmentations
Creators: name: Zeckzer, Dirk
name: Hausdorf, Alrik
name: Hinzmann, Nicole
name: Müller, Lydia
name: Wiegreffe, Daniel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. The supplementary information (pdf file) contains a detailed description of the method implemented in Masakari, especially of the input data selection and of the computation, Further, the technical details about the system and its graphical user interface are provided. There, the format of the resulting data is described, too (Section 2.3.4, ‘Export’). Finally, additional figures for the results described here are provided in the supplemental. These comprise the figures about the short segment chains (Section 3.1).
Superradiant instabilities by accretion disks in scalar-tensor theories
Creators: name: Lingetti, Giuseppe
name: Cannizzaro, Enrico
name: Pani, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the superradiant instability in scalar-tensor theories of gravitation, where matter outside a black hole provides an effective mass to the scalar degree of freedom of the gravitational sector. We discuss this effect for arbitrarily spinning black holes and for realistic models of truncated thin and thick accretion disks (where the perturbation equations are nonseparable), paying particular attention to the role of hot coronal flows in the vicinity of the black hole. The system qualitatively resembles the phenomenology of plasma-driven superradiant instabilities in General Relativity. Nevertheless, we show that the obstacles hampering the efficiency of plasma-driven superradiant instabilities in General Relativity can be circumvented in scalar-tensor theories. We find a wide range of parameter space where superradiant instabilities can be triggered in realistic scenarios, and discuss the constraints on scalar-tensor theories imposed by this effect. In particular, we argue that the existence of highly spinning accreting black holes is in tension with some scalar-tensor alternatives to the dark energy, e.g. symmetron models with screening.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
Same-hemisphere three-gluon-emission contribution to the zero-jettiness soft function at N3LO QCD
Creators: name: Baranowski, Daniel
name: Delto, Maximilian
name: Melnikov, Kirill
name: Wang, Chen-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We complete the calculation of the three-gluon-emission contribution to the same-hemisphere part of the zero-jettiness soft function at next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order in perturbative QCD.
description: 9 pages, 1 appendix
Additional file 1 of Low-dose tamoxifen treatment reduces collagen organisation indicative of tissue stiffness in the normal breast: results from the KARISMA randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: Göransson, Sara
name: Hernández-Varas, Pablo
name: Hammarström, Mattias
name: Hellgren, Roxanna
name: Bäcklund, Magnus
name: Lång, Kristina
name: Rosendahl, Ann H.
name: Eriksson, Mikael
name: Borgquist, Signe
name: Strömblad, Staffan
name: Czene, Kamila
name: Hall, Per
name: Gabrielson, Marike
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 1.
Renormalization of multi-delta-function point scatterers in two and three dimensions, the coincidence-limit problem, and its resolution
Creators: name: Loran, Farhang
name: Mostafazadeh, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In two and three dimensions, the standard treatment of the scattering problem for a multi-delta-function potential, $v(\mathbf{r})=\sum_{n=1}^N\mathfrak{z}_nδ(\mathbf{r}-\mathbf{a}_n)$, leads to divergent terms. Regularization of these terms and renormalization of the coupling constants $\mathfrak{z}_n$ give rise to a finite expression for the scattering amplitude of this potential, but this expression has an important short-coming; in the limit where the centers $\mathbf{a}_n$ of the delta functions coincide, it does not reproduce the formula for the scattering amplitude of a single-delta-function potential, i.e., it seems to have a wrong coincidence limit. We provide a critical assessment of the standard treatment of these potentials and offer a resolution of its coincidence-limit problem. This reveals some previously unnoticed features of this treatment. For example, it turns out that the standard treatment is incapable of determining the dependence of the scattering amplitude on the distances between the centers of the delta functions. This is in sharp contrast to the treatment of this problem offered by a recently proposed dynamical formulation of stationary scattering. For cases where the centers of the delta functions lie on a straight line, this formulation avoids singularities of the standard approach and yields an expression for the scattering amplitude which has the correct coincidence limit.
description: 18 pages, version accepted for publication in Annals of Physics
Evidence for Parameteric Decay Instability in the Lower Solar Atmosphere
Creators: name: Hahn, Michael
name: Fu, Xiangrong
name: Savin, Daniel Wolf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find evidence for the first observation of the parametric decay instability (PDI) in the lower solar atmosphere. Specifically, we find that the power spectrum of density fluctuations near the solar transition region resembles the power spectrum of the velocity fluctuations, but with the frequency axis scaled up by about a factor of two. These results are from an analysis of the Si IV lines observed by the Interface Region Imaging Spectrometer (IRIS) in the transition region of a polar coronal hole. We also find that the density fluctuations have radial velocity of about 75 km/s and that the velocity fluctuations are much faster with an estimated speed of 250 km/s, as is expected for sound waves and Alfvén waves, respectively, in the transition region. Theoretical calculations show that this frequency relationship is consistent with those expected from PDI for the plasma conditions of the observed region. These measurements suggest an interaction between sound waves and Alfvén waves in the transition region that is evidence for the parametric decay instability.
description: Submitted to the Astrophysical Journal
Additional file 3 of Development and evaluation of indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for the determination of immune response to multiple clostridial antigens in vaccinated captive bred southern white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum simum)
Creators: name: Buys, Angela
name: Crafford, Jannie
name: Heerden, Henriette Van
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 3. Frequency distribution of the data for this study is included as additional data.
Galactic ArchaeoLogIcaL ExcavatiOns (GALILEO) I. An updated census of APOGEE N-rich giants across the Milky Way
Creators: name: Fernández-Trincado, José G.
name: Beers, Timothy C.
name: Barbuy, Beatriz
name: Minniti, Dante
name: Chiappini, Cristina
name: Garro, Elisa R.
name: Tang, Baitian
name: Alves-Brito, Alan
name: Villanova, Sandro
name: Geisler, Doug
name: Lane, Richard R.
name: Diaz, Danilo G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (ABRIDGED) We use the 17th data release of the second phase of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE-2) to provide a homogenous census of N-rich red giant stars across the Milky Way (MW). We report a total of 149 newly identified N-rich field giants toward the bulge, metal-poor disk, and halo of our Galaxy. They exhibit significant enrichment in their nitrogen abundance ratios ([N/Fe] $\gtrsim+0.5$), along with simultaneous depletions in their [C/Fe] abundance ratios ([C/Fe] $< +0.15$), and they cover a wide range of metallicities ($-1.8 < $ [Fe/H] $ <-0.7$). The final sample of candidate N-rich red giant stars with globular-cluster-like (GC-like) abundance patterns from the APOGEE survey includes a grand total of $\sim$ 412 unique objects. These strongly N-enhanced stars are speculated to have been stripped from GCs based on their chemical similarities with these systems. Even though we have not found any strong evidence for binary companions or signatures of pulsating variability yet, we cannot rule out the possibility that some of these objects were members of binary systems in the past and/or are currently part of a variable system. In particular, the fact that we identify such stars among the field stars in our Galaxy provides strong evidence that the nucleosynthetic process(es) producing the anomalous [N/Fe] abundance ratios occurs over a wide range of metallicities. This may provide evidence either for or against the uniqueness of the progenitor stars to GCs and/or the existence of chemical anomalies associated with likely tidally shredded clusters in massive dwarf galaxies such as "Kraken/Koala," \textit{Gaia}-Enceladus-Sausage, among others, before or during their accretion by the MW. A dynamical analysis reveals that the newly identified N-rich stars exhibit a wide range of dynamical characteristics throughout the MW, ...
description: Accepted to Astronomy & Astrophysics. 12 pages, 5 figures, and 3 tables
On scattering and damping of Toroidal Alfven eigenmode by drift wave turbulence
Creators: name: Chen, Liu
name: Qiu, Zhiyong
name: Zonca, Fulvio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate analytically that, in toroidal plasmas, scattering by drift wave turbulence could lead to appreciable damping of toroidal Alfven eigenmodes via generation of short-wavelength electron Landau damped kinetic Alfven waves. A corresponding analytic expression of the damping rate is derived, and found to be, typically, comparable to the linear drive by energetic particles. The implications of this novel mechanism on the transport and heating processes in burning plasmas are also discussed.
description: submitted (April 2022)