cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Stellar magnetic fields from four Stokes parameter observations
Creators: name: Rusomarov, N.
name: Kochukhov, O.
name: Piskunov, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic Doppler imaging from four Stokes parameter observations has uncovered a new level of complexity of stellar magnetic fields previously not known. This new information is of interest to the evolution and structure of magnetic fields of intermediate and high-mass stars. Recently, we performed magnetic Doppler imaging study of the chemically peculiar star HD 24712 using phase-resolved spectropolarimetric observations of line-profiles in all four Stokes parameters. The observations were obtained with the HARPSpol instrument on the 3.6-m ESO telescope. Our analysis shows that the magnetic field of HD 24712 has very strong dipolar component with weak small-scale contributions. The finding of dipole-like field for HD 24712 gives evidence for the hypothesis that old Ap stars have predominantly dipolar magnetic fields. We plan on performing magnetic Doppler imaging from four Stokes parameter observations for other Ap/Bp stars as well, which will help us understand the nature of magnetic fields in these stars.
A discrete-time Multiple Event Process Survival Mixture (MEPSUM) model.
Creators: name: Dean, Danielle O.
name: Bauer, Daniel J.
name: Shanahan, Michael J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Traditional survival analysis was developed to investigate the occurrence and timing of a single event, but researchers have recently begun to ask questions about the order and timing of multiple events. A multiple event process survival mixture model is developed here to analyze non-repeatable events measured in discrete-time that may occur at the same point in time. Building on both traditional univariate survival analysis and univariate survival mixture analysis, the model approximates the underlying multivariate distribution of hazard functions via a discrete-point finite mixture in which the mixing components represent prototypical patterns of event occurrence. The model is applied in an empirical analysis concerning transitions to adulthood, where the events under study include parenthood, marriage, beginning full-time work, and obtaining a college degree. Promising opportunities, as well as possible limitations of the model and future directions for research are discussed.
Design, synthesis and insecticidal activities of 4-propargyloxybenzene sulfonamide derivatives substituted with amino acids
Creators: name: Zhu, Xun-Zhen
name: Sun, Ming-Xia
name: Zhang, Zi-Wei
name: Liu, Hong-Xiang
name: Huang, Jia-Yong
name: Hu, Zhao-Nong
name: Wu, Wen-Jun
name: Zhang, Ji-Wen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Sixty-nine 4-propargyloxybenzene sulfonamide derivatives with different amino acids as amino substituent were synthesized and evaluated for their insecticidal activity against third-instar Mythimna separate. The bioassay results revealed that some derivatives bearing amino acid ester group performed good insecticidal activity against third-instar M.separata, such as the LC50 values of D18 and D19 were 4.28 and 2.96 mg/ml after 48 h, in particular, the LC50 of D16 was 2.38 mg/ml and the activity was improved by 14 times compared to celangulin V (34.48 mg/ml). The above results provided theoretical and experimental basis for the discovery of novel insecticidal active compounds.
Superconducting atomic contacts inductively coupled to a microwave resonator
Creators: name: Janvier, C.
name: Tosi, L.
name: Girit, Ç. Ö.
name: Goffman, M. F.
name: Pothier, H.
name: Urbina, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe and characterize a microwave setup to probe the Andreev levels of a superconducting atomic contact. The contact is part of a superconducting loop inductively coupled to a superconducting coplanar resonator. By monitoring the resonator reflection coefficient close to its resonance frequency as a function of both flux through the loop and frequency of a second tone we perform spectroscopy of the transition between two Andreev levels of highly transmitting channels of the contact. The results indicate how to perform coherent manipulation of these states.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures, to appear in special issue on break-junctions in JOPCM
Two-loop scattering amplitude for heavy-quark pair production through light-quark annihilation in QCD
Creators: name: Mandal, Manoj K.
name: Mastrolia, Pierpaolo
name: Ronca, Jonathan
name: Bobadilla, William J. Torres
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first full analytic evaluation of the scattering amplitude for the process $q {\bar q} \to Q {\bar Q}$ up-to two loops in Quantum Chromodynamics, for a massless $(q)$ and a massive $(Q)$ quark flavour. The interference terms of the one- and two-loop amplitudes with the Born amplitude, decomposed in terms of gauge invariant form factors depending on the colour and flavour structure, are analytically calculated by keeping complete dependence on the squared center-of-mass energy, the squared momentum transfer, and the heavy-quark mass. The results are expressed as Laurent series around four space-time dimensions, with coefficients given in terms of generalised polylogarithms and transcendental constants up-to weight four. Our results validate the known, purely numerical calculations of the squared amplitude, and extend the analytic knowledge, previously limited to a subset of form factors, to their whole set, coming from both planar and non-planar diagrams, up-to the second order corrections in the strong coupling constant.
description: 19 pages, 12 figures, 1 table
Pastoral care use among post-9/11 veterans who screen positive for mental health problems.
Creators: name: Nieuwsma, Jason A.
name: Meador, Keith G.
name: Fortune-Greeley, Alice K.
name: Beckham, Jean C.
name: Jackson, George L.
name: Elbogen, Eric B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: As a result of their military experience, veterans with mental health problems may have unique motivations for seeking help from clergy. Patterns and correlates of seeking pastoral care were examined using a nationwide representative survey that was conducted among veterans of post-9/11 conflicts (adjusted N = 1,068; 56% response rate). Separate multivariate logistic regression models were used to examine veteran characteristics associated with seeking pastoral care and seeking mental health services. Among post-9/11 veterans with a probable mental disorder (n = 461) – defined as a positive screen for posttraumatic stress disorder, major depressive disorder, or alcohol misuse – 20.2% reported talking to a “pastoral counselor” in the preceding year, 44.7% reported talking to a mental health professional, and 46.6% reported talking to neither. In a multivariate analysis for veterans with a probable mental disorder, seeing a pastoral counselor was associated with an increased likelihood of seeing a mental health professional in the past year (OR: 2.16; 95% CI: [1.28, 3.65]). In a separate bivariate analysis, pastoral counselors were more likely to be seen by veterans who indicated concerns about stigma or distrust of mental health care. These results suggest that pastoral and mental health care services may complement one another and underscore the importance of enhancing understanding and collaboration between these disciplines so as to meet the needs of the veterans they serve.
Hamiltonian formalisms and symmetries of the Pais-Uhlenbeck oscillator
Creators: name: Andrzejewski, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of the symmetry of Pais-Uhlenbeck oscillator initiated in [Nucl. Phys. B 885 (2014) 150] is continued with special emphasis put on the Hamiltonian formalism. The symmetry generators within the original Pais and Uhlenbeck Hamiltonian approach as well as the canonical transformation to the Ostrogradski Hamiltonian framework are derived. The resulting algebra of generators appears to be the central extension of the one obtained on the Lagrangian level; in particular, in the case of odd frequencies one obtains the centrally extended l-conformal Newton-Hooke algebra. In this important case the canonical transformation to an alternative Hamiltonian formalism (related to the free higher derivatives theory) is constructed. It is shown that all generators can be expressed in terms of the ones for the free theory and the result agrees with that obtained by the orbit method.
description: Published version
The Italian geopolitical code
Creators: name: Varricchio Giovanbattista
Publisher: name: Сравнительная политика
Year: 2018
Subjects: ИТАЛИЯ
ГЕОПОЛИТИЧЕСКИЙ КОД
АТЛАНТИЗМ
СРЕДИЗЕМНОМОРЬЕ
ДИПЛОМАТИЯ
ITALY
GEOPOLITICAL CODE
ATLANTICISM
MEDITERRANEAN
DIPLOMACY

description: The aim of the research is to outline the main features of the Italian geopolitical code, that is to say the manner in which a given country orientates itself toward the world. Our argument is that even though a secondary one also Italy has shaped its own way to approach international relations. The work takes into consideration relevant events in Italian history and contemporary geopolitical orientation as reported into official strategic documents. The final result is the profile of a country feeling its founding role of the main Western regional structures focusing mainly on regional interests. Nonetheless, its Italian friendly attitude toward outsider of Western bloc is a relevant peculiarity that brought Italy to be seen as a reliable partner by many global actors, even those opposing the West.
Protective mechanisms and prevention of violence and aggression in veterans.
Creators: name: Timko, Christine
name: Vasterling, Jennifer J.
name: Beckham, Jean C.
name: Elbogen, Eric B.
name: Johnson, Sally C.
name: Newton, Virginia M.
name: Wagner, H. Ryan
name: Van Male, Lynn M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Although a subset of Iraq and Afghanistan Veterans show aggression toward others after they return home from military service, little is known about protective mechanisms that could be bolstered to prevent violence. A national longitudinal survey was conducted between 2009 and 2011 using a random sample of veterans who served in Operation Iraqi Freedom or Operation Enduring Freedom. One thousand ninety veterans, from 50 states representing all military branches, completed two waves of data collection, one-year apart (retention rate=79%). The final sample resembled the U.S. military post 9/11 in terms of age, sex, ethnicity, geography, and service branch. Protective mechanisms in socioeconomic (money to cover basic needs, stable employment), psychosocial (resilience, perceiving control over one’s life, social support), and physical (healthy sleep, no physical pain) domains were examined. We found these protective mechanisms predicted decreased aggression and violence at follow-up, particularly with higher risk veterans. Multivariable analyses confirmed protective mechanisms lowered violence through their interaction with risk factors. This study identifies protective mechanisms related to decreased community violence in veterans and indicates that rehabilitation aimed at improving socioeconomic, psychosocial, and physical well-being has potential promise to reduce aggression and violence among veterans after returning home from military service.
Instability of the superfluid flow as black-hole lasing effect
Creators: name: Finazzi, S.
name: Piazza, F.
name: Abad, M.
name: Smerzi, A.
name: Recati, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the instability leading to the decay of the one-dimensional superfluid flow through a penetrable barrier are due to the black-hole lasing effect. This dynamical instability is triggered by modes resonating in an effective cavity formed by two horizons enclosing the barrier. The location of the horizons is set by $v(x)=c(x)$, with $v(x),c(x)$ being the local fluid velocity and sound speed, respectively. We compute the critical velocity analytically and show that it is univocally determined by the horizons configuration. In the limit of broad barriers, the continuous spectrum at the origin of the Hawking-like radiation and of the Landau energetic instability is recovered.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures
Integrating out beyond tree level and relativistic superfluids
Creators: name: Joyce, Austin
name: Nicolis, Alberto
name: Podo, Alessandro
name: Santoni, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit certain subtleties of renormalization that arise when one derives a low-energy effective action by integrating out the heavy fields of a more complete theory. Usually these subtleties are circumvented by matching some physical observables, such as scattering amplitudes, but a more involved procedure is required if one is interested in deriving the effective theory to all orders in the light fields (but still to fixed order in the derivative expansion). As a concrete example, we study the $U(1)$ Goldstone low-energy effective theory that describes the spontaneously broken phase of a $ϕ^4$ theory for a complex scalar. Working to lowest order in the derivative expansion, but to all orders in the Goldstones, we integrate out the radial mode at one loop and express the low-energy effective action in terms of the renormalized couplings of the UV completion. This yields the one-loop equation of state for the superfluid phase of (complex) $ϕ^4$. We perform the same analysis for a renormalizable scalar $SO(N)$ theory at finite chemical potential, integrating out the gapped Goldstones as well, and confirm that the effective theory for the gapless Goldstone exhibits no obvious sign of the original $SO(N)$ symmetry.
description: 25 pages
Orthostatic hypotension in young adults with and without posttraumatic stress disorder.
Creators: name: Green, Kimberly T.
name: Watkins, Lana L.
name: Calhoun, Patrick S.
name: Dedert, Eric A.
name: Dennis, Michelle F.
name: Dennis, Paul A.
name: Sherwood, Andrew
name: Oddone, Ania E.
name: Beckham, Jean C.
name: Stein, Jacob N.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: The purpose of this research is (1) to evaluate differences in orthostatic hypotension (OH) among young adults with and without posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and (2) to examine whether group differences may be attributable to behavioral risk factors frequently associated with PTSD.
A generalized Hopfield model to store and retrieve mismatched memory patterns
Creators: name: Leuzzi, Luca
name: Patti, Alberto
name: Ricci-Tersenghi, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a class of Hopfield models where the memories are represented by a mixture of Gaussian and binary variables and the neurons are Ising spins. We study the properties of this family of models as the relative weight of the two kinds of variables in the patterns varies. We quantitatively determine how the retrieval phase squeezes towards zero as the memory patterns contain a larger fraction of mismatched variables. As the memory is purely Gaussian retrieval is lost for any positive storage capacity. It is shown that this comes about because of the spherical symmetry of the free energy in the Gaussian case. Introducing two different memory pattern overlaps between spin configurations and each contribution to the pattern from the two kinds of variables one can observe that the Gaussian parts of the patterns act as a noise, making retrieval more difficult. The basins of attraction of the states, the accuracy of the retrieval and the storage capacity are studied by means of Monte Carlo numerical simulations. We uncover that even in the limit where the network capacity shrinks to zero, the (few) retrieval states maintain a large basin of attraction and large overlaps with the mismatched patterns. So the network can be used for retrieval, but with a very small capacity.
description: 18 pages, 27 figures
Observation of thermally activated glassiness and memory dip in a-NbSi insulating thin films
Creators: name: Delahaye, Julien
name: Grenet, Thierry
name: Marrache-Kikuchi, C.
name: Bergé, L.
name: Drillien, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present electrical conductance measurements on amorphous NbSi insulating thin films. These films display out-of equilibrium electronic features that are markedly different from what has been reported so far in disordered insulators. Like in the most studied systems (indium oxide and granular Al films), a slow relaxation of the conductance is observed after a quench to liquid helium temperature which gives rise to the growth of a memory dip in MOSFET devices. But unlike in these systems, this memory dip and the related conductance relaxations are still visible up to room temperature, with clear signatures of a temperature dependent dynamics.
Electrical breakdown of a dielectric for the formation of a superconducting nanocontact
Creators: name: Bondarenko, S. I.
name: Krevsun, A. V.
name: Koverya, V. P.
name: Sivakov, A. G.
name: Galushkov, R. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electrical breakdown of the dielectric nanolayer between film electrodes of niobium and an alloy of 50% indium and 50% tin forms a bridge of this alloy between the electrodes. The bridge resistance depends on the breakdown current. The length of the bridge is equal to the thickness of the dielectric (30 nm), and its diameter is 25 nm. The calculated coherence length of the alloy at 0 K is close to the length of the bridge. The calculated critical current of a bridge with a resistance of 1 Ω at a temperature of 0 K is 2 mA. It is concluded that such a bridge should have the properties of a Josephson contact at a temperature lower than the critical temperature of the alloy (6.5 K).
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Replication Data and Code for "Is Your Neighbor Your Friend? Scan Methods for Spatial Social Network (SSN) Hotspot Detection"
Creators: name: Andris, Clio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Cartography and digital mapping
Spatial statistics
Spatial data and applications
Geospatial information systems and geospatial data modelling

description: This repository contains pointers to data and code for replicating the study performed in "Is Your Neighbor Your Friend? Scan Methods for Spatial Social Network (SSN) Hotspot Detection". Data for the Mafia relationships data is found here as MafiaEdgelist.csv and MafiaNodelist.csv. (Data for the Atlanta movement between block groups and restaurants is provided by SafeGraph and is proprietary.) For information about the R package to load EdgeScan and NDScan methods, please see: https://github.com/friendlycities-gatech/SSNtools The case study analysis and visualization can be replicated with help from the following tutorial: https://friendlycities-gatech.github.io/SSN_tutorial/advanced-ssn-metrics.html#ssn-hot-spot-detection.
The Land is Waiting:  Looking for Movements Toward Indigenous-led Conservation  in Northern Alberta
Creators: Hoek, Lindsay Vander
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2021

This paper demonstrates the increasing recognition and need for Indigenous Protected and Conserved Areas (IPCAs) in Canada, for reasons related to biodiversity protection, reconciliation, and cultural connection. While awareness of this need is increasing at a national level, this paper questions whether themes found and suggested by the 2018 Indigenous Circle of Experts Report We Rise Together are present in Northern Alberta conserved and protected areas. A conceptual framework is developed using themes from the national Indigenous Circle of Experts Report and literature, highlighting the need for Indigenous leadership, and for Western style protected area management to create the space for Indigenous leadership and Traditional Knowledge in the care of conserved and protected areas. The conceptual framework uses themes of Ethical Space and Paradigm Shift to analyze four representative case studies of conserved and protected areas in Northern Alberta, determining whether indicators of these themes are present. Findings demonstrate that there are movements toward creating Ethical Space within Western structures, indicated through acknowledging Treaty, nation to nation relationships, and the recognition and need for cultural competency training for non-Indigenous staff. Limited results are found regarding the theme Paradigm Shift, which looks for indications of whether the wilderness paradigm is present, for the inclusion of traditional human activity, and for equality of knowledge systems within management of conservation and protected areas. While indicators of Ethical Space and Paradigm Shift are found in Northern Alberta, this paper suggests further research to demonstrate whether the experience of First Nations and Métis people corroborate the findings of each case study.
Phenomenology of fully many-body-localized systems
Creators: name: Huse, David A.
name: Nandkishore, Rahul
name: Oganesyan, Vadim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider fully many-body localized systems, i.e. isolated quantum systems where all the many-body eigenstates of the Hamiltonian are localized. We define a sense in which such systems are integrable, with localized conserved operators. These localized operators are interacting pseudospins, and the Hamiltonian is such that unitary time evolution produces dephasing but not "flips" of these pseudospins. As a result, an initial quantum state of a pseudospin can in principle be recovered via (pseudospin) echo procedures. We discuss how the exponentially decaying interactions between pseudospins lead to logarithmic-in-time spreading of entanglement starting from nonentangled initial states. These systems exhibit multiple different length scales that can be defined from exponential functions of distance; we suggest that some of these decay lengths diverge at the phase transition out of the fully many-body localized phase while others remain finite.
description: 5 pages. Some of this paper has already appeared in: Huse and Oganesyan, arXiv:1305.4915
Ellipticity induced in vacuum birefringence
Creators: name: Torgrimsson, Greger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider signals of photon-photon scattering in laser-based, low energy experiments. In particular, we consider the ellipticity induced on a probe beam by a strong background field, and compare it with a recent worldline expression for the photon polarisation flip amplitude. When the probe and the background are plane waves, the ellipticity is equal to the flip amplitude. Here we investigate the ellipticity-amplitude relation for more physical fields.
description: 6 pages. Based on talks given at Light Cone 2014 and LPHYS'14
Effects of aging and prospective memory on recognition of item and associative information.
Creators: name: Giovanello, Kelly S.
name: Dew, Ilana T. Z.
name: Wang, Wei-chun
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Older adults typically perform worse than young adults on tasks of associative, relative to item, memory. One account of this deficit is that older adults have fewer attentional resources to encode associative information. Previous studies investigating this issue have divided attention at encoding and then examined whether associative and item recognition were differentially affected. The current study utilized a different cognitive task shown to tax attentional resources: event-based prospective memory. Although older adults demonstrated worse associative, relative to item, memory, the presence of the prospective memory task at encoding decreased item and associative memory accuracy to the same extent in both age groups. These results do not support the resource account of age-related associative deficits.
The status of rapid response learning in aging.
Creators: name: Dew, Ilana T. Z.
name: Giovanello, Kelly S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Strong evidence exists for an age-related impairment in associative processing under intentional encoding and retrieval conditions, but the status of incidental associative processing has been less clear. Two experiments examined the effects of age on rapid response learning – the incidentally learned stimulus-response association that results in a reduction in priming when a learned response becomes inappropriate for a new task. Specifically, we tested whether priming was equivalently sensitive in both age groups to reversing the task-specific decision cue. Experiment 1 showed that cue inversion reduced priming in both age groups using a speeded inside/outside classification task, and in Experiment 2 cue inversion eliminated priming on an associative version of this task. Thus, the ability to encode an association between a stimulus and its initial task-specific response appears to be preserved in aging. These findings provide an important example of a form of associative processing that is unimpaired in older adults.
A note on square totients
Creators: name: Freiberg, Tristan
name: Pomerance, Carl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11N37 (Primary), 11N25, 11N36 (Secondary)

description: A well-known conjecture asserts that there are infinitely many primes $p$ for which $p - 1$ is a perfect square. We obtain upper and lower bounds of matching order on the number of pairs of distinct primes $p,q \le x$ for which $(p - 1)(q - 1)$ is a perfect square.
Dipolar modulation in number counts of WISE-2MASS sources
Creators: name: Yoon, Mijin
name: Huterer, Dragan
name: Gibelyou, Cameron
name: Kovács, András
name: Szapudi, István
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We test the statistical isotropy of the universe by analyzing the distribution of WISE extragalactic sources that were also observed by 2MASS. We pay particular attention to color cuts and foreground marginalization in order to cull a uniform sample of extragalactic objects and avoid stars. We detect a dipole gradient in the number-counts with an amplitude of $\sim$0.05, somewhat larger than expectations based on local structures corresponding to the depth and (independently measured) bias of our WISE-2MASS sources. The direction of the dipole, $(l,b)\simeq (310\,^{\circ}, -15\,^{\circ})$, is in reasonably good agreement with that found previously in the (shallower) 2MASS Extended Source Catalog alone. Interestingly, the dipole direction is not far from the direction of the dipolar modulation in the CMB found by Planck, and also fairly closely matches large-scale-structure bulk-flow directions found by various groups using galaxies and type Ia supernovae. It is difficult, however, to draw specific conclusions from the near-agreement of these directions.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. v2: extinction correction added; minor changes in results
The effects of attention on age-related relational memory deficits: Evidence from a novel attentional manipulation.
Creators: name: Giovanello, Kelly S.
name: Kim, So-Yeon
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Healthy aging is often accompanied by episodic memory decline. Prior studies have consistently demonstrated that older adults show disproportionate deficits in relational memory (RM) relative to item memory (IM). Despite rich evidence of an age-related RM deficit, the source of this deficit remains unspecified. One of the most widely investigated factors of age-related RM impairment is a reduction in attentional resources. However, no prior studies have demonstrated that reduced attentional resources are the critical source of age-related RM deficits. Here, we utilized qualitatively different attention tasks, and tested whether reduced attention for relational processing underlies the RM deficit observed in aging. In Experiment 1, we imposed either item-detection or relation-detection attention tasks on young adults during episodic memory encoding, and found that only the concurrent attention task involving relational processing disproportionately impaired RM performance in young adults. Moreover, by ruling out the possible confound of task-difficulty on the disproportionate RM impairment, we further demonstrated that reduced relational attention is a key factor for the age-related RM deficit. In Experiment 2, we replicated the results from Experiment 1 using different materials of stimuli and found that the effect of relational attention on RM is material-general. The results of Experiment 2 also showed that reducing attentional resources for relational processing in young adults strikingly equated their RM performance to that of older adults. Thus, the current study documents the first evidence that reduced attentional resources for relational processing are a critical factor for the relational memory impairment observed in aging.
Application of QUBO solver using black-box optimization to structural design for resonance avoidance
Creators: name: Matsumori, Tadayoshi
name: Taki, Masato
name: Kadowaki, Tadashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) solvers can be applied to design an optimal structure to avoid resonance. QUBO algorithms that work on a classical or quantum device have succeeded in some industrial applications. However, their applications are still limited due to the difficulty of transforming from the original optimization problem to QUBO. Recently, black-box optimization (BBO) methods have been proposed to tackle this issue using a machine learning technique and a Bayesian treatment for combinatorial optimization. We employed the BBO methods to design a printed circuit board for resonance avoidance. This design problem is formulated to maximize natural frequency and simultaneously minimize the number of mounting points. The natural frequency, which is the bottleneck for the QUBO formulation, is approximated to a quadratic model in the BBO method. We demonstrated that BBO using a factorization machine shows good performance in both the calculation time and the success probability of finding the optimal solution. Our results can open up QUBO solvers' potential for other applications in structural designs.
description: This is a preprint of an article published in Scientific Reports. The final authenticated version is available online at: 10.1038/s41598-022-16149-8
Extremal metrics for the Paneitz Operator on closed four-Manifolds
Creators: name: Pérez-Ayala, Samuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $(M^4,g)$ be a closed Riemannian manifold of dimension four. We investigate the properties of metrics which are critical points of the eigenvalues of the Paneitz operator when considered as functionals on the space of Riemannian metrics with fixed volume. We prove that critical metrics of the aforementioned functional restricted to conformal classes are associated with a higher-order analog of harmonic maps (known as extrinsic conformal-harmonic maps) into round spheres. This extends to four-manifolds well-known results on closed surfaces relating metrics maximizing laplacian eigenvalues in conformal classes with the existence of harmonic maps into spheres. The case of general critical points (not restricted to conformal classes) is also studied, and partial characterization of these is provided.
Transverse momentum asymmetry of the extracted electron in field ionization of a Hydrogen Atom with angular momentum
Creators: name: Artru, Xavier
name: Redouane-Salah, Essma
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The tunneling ionization of a hydrogen atom excited in the presence of a static electric field is investigated for the case where, before being extracted, the electron has an orbital angular momentum L perpendicular to the field E. The escaping electron has a nonzero mean transverse velocity in the direction of E cross . This asymmetry is similar to the Collins effect in the fragmentation into hadrons of a transversely polarized quark. In addition, the linear Stark effect make and oscillate in time. The degree of asymmetry is calculated at leading order in E for an initial state of maximum transverse . The conditions for the observation of this asymmetry are discussed.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures, 1 table
Cosmic Reionization on Computers: Physical Origin of Long Dark Gaps in Quasar Absorption Spectra
Creators: name: Gnedin, Nickolay Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I explore the properties of "dark gaps" - regions in quasar absorption spectra without significant transmission - with several simulations from the Cosmic Reionization On Computers (CROC) project. CROC simulations in largest available boxes (120 cMpc) come close to matching both the distribution of mean opacities and the frequency of dark gaps, but alas not in the same model: the run that matches the mean opacities fails to contain enough dark gaps and vice versa.:( Never-the-less, the run that matches the dark gap distributions serves as a counter-example to claims in the literature that the dark gap statistics requires a late end to reionization - in that run reionization ends at z=6.7 (likely too early). While multiple factors contribute to the frequency of large dark gaps in the simulations, the primary factor that controls the overall shape of the dark gap distribution is the ionization level in voids - the lowest density regions produce the highest transmission spikes that terminate long gaps. As the result, the dark gap distribution correlates strongly with the fraction of the spectrum above the gap detection threshold, the observed distribution is matched by the simulation in which this fraction is 2%. Hence, the gap distribution by itself does not constrain the timing of reionization.
description: Submitted to ApJ
Developing a spouse version of the Illness Perception Questionnaire-Revised (IPQ-R) for husbands of women with rheumatoid arthritis
Creators: name: Sterba, Katherine Regan
name: DeVellis, Robert F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: A husband’s beliefs about his wife’s rheumatoid arthritis (RA) may be important to his provision of support and well-being. We adapted seven subscales of the Illness Perception Questionnaire-Revised to assess husbands’ beliefs about their wives’ RA. We recruited 190 couples (average years married = 22; average years with RA = 14) from community settings to complete surveys assessing illness perceptions, psychosocial and illness variables at baseline and four-month followup. We conducted exploratory factor analyses, calculated Cronbach’s alphas for each factor, and examined construct validity. This process yielded six parallel wife and husband subscales assessing beliefs about the (a) timeline, (b) consequences and (c) cyclical nature of RA, and women’s RA (d) emotional responses, (e) control and (f) illness coherence. All items loaded above 0.50 on their respective factors and Cronbach’s alphas ranged from 0.72 to 0.86. Subscales were inter-related in a manner consistent with previous research and husbands’ beliefs were related to a variety of illness and adjustment variables. The factor structure was replicated in the same sample at follow-up (n = 165). This study introduces an instrument to assess spouse beliefs about RA that may help to elucidate the role of spousal relationships in illness adaptation.
A descriptive study of school discipline referrals in first grade
Creators: name: Taylor, Ted K.
name: Rusby, Julie C.
name: Foster, E. Michael
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: School discipline referrals (SDRs) may be useful in the early detection and monitoring of disruptive behavior problems to inform prevention efforts in the school setting, yet little is known about the nature and validity of SDRs in the early grades. For this descriptive study, SDR data were collected on a sample of first grade students who were at risk for developing disruptive behavior problems (n = 186) and a universal sample (n = 531) from 20 schools. Most SDRs were given for physical aggression and the predominant consequence was time out. As expected, boys and at-risk students were more likely to receive an SDR and to have more SDRs than were girls and the universal sample. A large difference between schools regarding the delivery of SDRs was found. A zero-inflated Poisson model clustered by school tested the prediction of school-level variables. Students in schools that had a systematic way of tracking SDRs were more likely to receive one. Also, schools with more low-income students and larger class sizes gave fewer SDRs. SDRs predicted teacher ratings, and to a lesser extent, parent ratings of disruptive behavior at the end of first grade. Practitioners and researchers must examine school-level influences whenever first grade discipline referrals are used to measure problem behavior for the purpose of planning and evaluating interventions.
Electrophysiological evidence of alcohol-related attentional bias in social drinkers low in alcohol sensitivity.
Creators: name: Hopfinger, Joseph B.
name: Henry, Erika A.
name: Bartholow, Bruce D.
name: Lust, Sarah A.
name: Shin, Eunsam
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Low sensitivity (LS) to the acute effects of alcohol is a known risk-factor for alcoholism. However, little is known concerning potential information-processing routes by which this risk factor might contribute to increased drinking. We tested the hypothesis that LS participants would show biased attention to alcohol cues, compared to their high-sensitivity (HS) counterparts. Participants performed a task in which alcoholic and nonalcoholic beverage cues were presented bilaterally followed by a target that required categorization by color. Response times were faster for targets appearing in alcohol-cued than nonalcohol-cued locations for LS but not for HS participants. Event-related potential markers of early attention orienting (P1 amplitude) and subsequent attention reorienting (ipsilateral invalid negativity [IIN] amplitude) indicated preferential selective attention to alcohol-cued locations among LS individuals. Controlling for recent drinking and family history of alcoholism did not affect these patterns, except that among HS participants relatively heavy recent drinking was associated with difficulty reorienting attention away from alcohol-cued locations. These findings suggest a potential information-processing bias through which low sensitivity could lead to heavy alcohol involvement.
Induced Characters of Type D Weyl Groups and the Littlewood-Richardson Rule
Creators: name: Taylor, Jay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20C15, 20G40

description: For any ordinary irreducible character of a maximal reflection subgroup of type $D_aD_b$ of a type $D$ Weyl group we give an explicit decomposition of the induced character in terms of Littlewood-Richardson coefficients.
description: 8 pages; (v2) made some typographical changes and added the type D branching rule as a corollary; (v3) title changed and various other changes made based on referees report. We thank the referee for their careful reading of the manuscript and useful commments; (v4) fixed an annoying bug in the references
Gravitational Waves and Electromagnetic Transients
Creators: name: Singhal, Akshat
name: Palit, Sourav
name: Bala, Suman
name: Waratkar, Gaurav
name: Kumar, Harsh
name: Bhalerao, Varun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The advanced gravitational wave (GW) detector network has started {routine detection of } signals from merging compact binaries. Data indicate that in a fair fraction of these sources, at least one component was a neutron star, bringing with it the possibility of electromagnetic (EM) radiation. So far, a confirmed link between EM and GW radiation has been established for only one source, GW170817. Joint analysis of broadband multiwavelength data and the GW signal have yielded rich information spanning fields as varied as jet physics, cosmology, and nucleosynthesis. Here, we discuss the importance of such joint observations, as well as current and near-future efforts to discover and study more EM counterparts to GW sources.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables, review paper in Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy
An internalizing pathway to alcohol use and disorder.
Creators: name: Baucom, Donald H.
name: Hussong, Andrea M.
name: Boeding, Sara
name: Stein, Gabriela L.
name: Jones, Deborah J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Research emanating from the field of developmental science indicates that initial risk factors for substance use disorder can be evident in early childhood. One dominant developmental pathway connecting these initial risk factors with subsequent substance use disorders focuses on the central role of disinhibited or externalizing behaviors. In the current paper, we delineate a second pathway that focuses on problems with emotion regulation associated with internalizing symptomatology. Several studies indicate that internalizing symptoms in early and middle childhood predict substance involvement in adolescents and young adulthood. We describe a risk model that traces the potential developmental markers of this internalizing pathway to substance use disorders and that identifies a population potentially vulnerable to this risk process, namely children of alcoholic parents. We consider the relation between the internalizing pathway and the more widely researched externalizing pathway. We then conclude with a discussion of the implications of this model for prevention efforts. In this manner, we strive for a translational goal, linking our existing understanding of internalizing processes and substance use disorders with our efforts to develop effective prevention programs.
Unheard voices: African American fathers speak about their parenting practices.
Creators: name: Goldston, David B.
name: Doyle, Otima
name: Estroff, Sue E.
name: Nebbitt, Von E.
name: Cryer-Coupet, Qiana
name: Magan, Ifrah
name: Clark, Trenette T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Researchers have called for qualitative investigations into African American fathers’ parenting practices that consider their social context and identify specific practices. Such investigations can inform the way we conceptualize African American fathers’ parenting practices, which can in turn contribute to prevention interventions with at-risk youth. We conducted semi-structured, qualitative interviews about parenting with 30 self-identified, African American, biological fathers of pre-adolescent sons at-risk for developing aggressive behaviors, depressive symptoms, or both. Fathers provided descriptions of their parenting practices, which were at times influenced by their environmental context, fathers’ residential status, and masculine ideologies. Our systematic analysis revealed four related themes that emerged from the data: managing emotions, encouragement, discipline, and monitoring. Of particular note, fathers in the current sample emphasized the importance of teaching their sons to manage difficult emotions, largely utilized language consistent with male ideologies (i.e., encouragement rather than love or nurturance), and engaged in high levels of monitoring and discipline in response to perceived environmental challenges and the developmental needs of their sons. The findings provide deeper insight into the parenting practices of African American fathers who are largely understudied, and often misunderstood. Further, these findings highlight considerations that may have important implications for father-focused prevention interventions that support African American fathers, youth, and families.
Environment and physical activity dynamics: The role of residential self-selection
Creators: name: Boone-Heinonen, Janne
name: Jacobs, David R.
name: Popkin, Barry M.
name: Gordon-Larsen, Penny
name: Guilkey, David K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Within the socio-ecologic framework, diet and physical activity are influenced by individual, interpersonal, organizational, community, and public policy factors. A basic principle underlying this framework is that environments can influence an individual’s behavior. However, in the vast majority of cross-sectional and even the few longitudinal studies of this relationship, the question of whether individuals select their area of residence based on physical activity-related amenities is ignored.