cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Enhancing CFD predictions in shape design problems by model and parameter space reduction
Creators: name: Tezzele, Marco
name: Demo, Nicola
name: Stabile, Giovanni
name: Mola, Andrea
name: Rozza, Gianluigi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this work we present an advanced computational pipeline for the approximation and prediction of the lift coefficient of a parametrized airfoil profile. The non-intrusive reduced order method is based on dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) and it is coupled with dynamic active subspaces (DyAS) to enhance the future state prediction of the target function and reduce the parameter space dimensionality. The pipeline is based on high-fidelity simulations carried out by the application of finite volume method for turbulent flows, and automatic mesh morphing through radial basis functions interpolation technique. The proposed pipeline is able to save 1/3 of the overall computational resources thanks to the application of DMD. Moreover exploiting DyAS and performing the regression on a lower dimensional space results in the reduction of the relative error in the approximation of the time-varying lift coefficient by a factor 2 with respect to using only the DMD.
title: Efficient Multi-Scale Modeling of Semiconductor Device Fabrication
Creators: name: Filipovic, Lado
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2024
Subjects: Process TCAD

description: In recent years, the traditional transistor scaling has undergone a drastic transition. Instead of a relatively simple shrinking of the planar transistor, the entire geometry has been redesigned. The vertical FinFET is now being followed by a gate-all-around (GAA) transistor design which allows even more electrostatic control of the channel region from the gate bias. It has also become clear that silicon scaling is reaching its end and new materials are being investigated, both for advanced transistor nodes and for a broad range of specialized applications (e.g., wide bandgap semiconductors for power devices). Assessing the feasibility of device fabrication with new materials using experiments alone is very expensive and time-consuming, which is why process simulations are indispensable in today's micro- and nanoelectronics design cycle. In this talk, I will introduce an efficient multi-scale process simulation framework ViennaPS which we are developing to address the needs of modern semiconductor fabrication. Nowadays, it is essential to treat the problem from all scales: From atomistic to the reactor chamber itself.
Efficacy of tyrosine-kinase-2 and phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors for scalp psoriasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Tsiogkas, Sotirios G.
name: Karamitrou, Eleni K.
name: Grammatikopoulou, Maria G.
name: Zafiriou, Efterpi
name: Bogdanos, Dimitrios P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Psoriasis of the scalp is challenging to manage. The only approved oral tyrosine kinase 2 and phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors for psoriasis are deucravacitinib and apremilast. The aim of this study was to explore their efficacy for scalp psoriasis utilizing data from randomized controlled trials. We searched Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, CENTRAL, and ClinicalTrials.gov up to August 4, 2023. To determine risk of bias, the revised Risk of Bias assessment tool 2.0 was used. Inverse variance random effects meta-analyses were executed. Heterogeneity was assessed utilizing Q and I2 statistics. Pre-determined outcomes included the proportion of participants with cleared scalp skin (Scalp Physician’s Global Assessment [ScPGA] of 0/1), mean change in Psoriasis Scalp Severity Index (PSSI), and mean improvement in Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI). Ten RCTs fulfilled inclusion criteria. Both apremilast (RR = 2.41, 95% CI = 2.08–2.79, Tau2 = 0, I2 = 0) and deucravacitinib (RR = 3.86, 95% CI = 3.02–4.94, Tau2 = 0, I2 = 0) were more effective in inducing ScPGA of 0/1 at 16 weeks compared to placebo. Furthermore, deucravacitinib was more effective than apremilast (RR = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.44–2.00, Tau2 = 0, I2 = 0). An analysis could not be executed for the rest of the outcomes. Apremilast and deucravacitinib are effective for scalp psoriasis. Deucravacitinib may be more efficient in clearing the scalp.
Quantum Mechanics on Manifolds Embedded in Euclidean Space
Creators: name: Schuster, P. C.
name: Jaffe, R. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum particles confined to surfaces in higher dimensional spaces are acted upon by forces that exist only as a result of the surface geometry and the quantum mechanical nature of the system. The dynamics are particularly rich when confinement is implemented by forces that act normal to the surface. We review this confining potential formalism applied to the confinement of a particle to an arbitrary manifold embedded in a higher dimensional Euclidean space. We devote special attention to the geometrically induced gauge potential that appears in the effective Hamiltonian for motion on the surface. We emphasize that the gauge potential is only present when the space of states describing the degrees of freedom normal to the surface is degenerate. We also distinguish between the effects of the intrinsic and extrinsic geometry on the effective Hamiltonian and provide simple expressions for the induced scalar potential. We discuss examples including the case of a 3-dimensional manifold embedded in a 5-dimensional Euclidean space.
description: 12 pages, LaTeX
A Risk Analysis of Crop Rotations in Southeast Kansas Including Double-Crop Alternatives
Creators: name: Williams, Jeffery R.
name: Crisostomo, Mario F.
name: Burton, Robert O.
name: Kelley, Kenneth W.
name: Llewelyn, Richard V.
name: Williams, Jeffery R.
name: Crisostomo, Mario F.
name: Burton, Robert O.
name: Kelley, Kenneth W.
name: Llewelyn, Richard V.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1989
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Risk and Uncertainty

description: Six rotations, four of which include a sequence of wheat followed immediately after harvest by double-cropped soybeans, are evaluated with the option of participating in the government commodity program. Stochastic dominance analysis is used to evaluate these rotations for net return risk. Analysis indicates that risk-averse managers out of the government commodity program prefer an annual crop rotation of wheat and double-cropped soybeans. Risk-averse managers who feel participation in the government commodity program is an essential risk management tool prefer a three-year rotation of grain sorghum, full-season soybeans, and wheat with double-cropped soybeans.
Kalium phosphoricum comp. in patients with neurasthenia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial
Creators: name: Hellhammer, Juliane
name: Spitznagel-Schminke, Luitgard
name: Hufnagel, Rebecca
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: This Phase IV placebo-controlled clinical trial was designed to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of the product Neurodoron (Kalium phosporicum comp., KPC) in patients with neurasthenia. This monocenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group clinical trial (registration number: DRKS00003261) was conducted in an outpatient German trial site. Women and men aged 18 and above were randomized to receive either KPC or placebo if they reported typical symptoms of neurasthenia and a severe psychiatric disorder could be excluded. The primary objectives were a reduction in characteristic symptoms of nervous exhaustion and perceived stress as well as improvement in general health status after 6 weeks of treatment. In total, 204 patients underwent screening, 78 were randomized in each treatment group, and 77 patients each received treatment (intention-to-treat (ITT) population = 154 patients). For none of the primary efficacy variables, an advantage in favor of KPC could be demonstrated in the pre-specified analysis (p-values between 0.505–0.773, Student’s t-test). In a post-hoc analysis of intra-individual differences after 6 weeks treatment, a significant advantage of KPC vs. placebo was shown for characteristic symptoms of nervous exhaustion (irritability (p = 0.020); nervousness (p = 0.045), Student’s t-test). Adverse event (AE) rates were similar between treatment groups, in both groups six AEs were assessed as causally related to treatment (severity mild or moderate). No AE resulted in discontinuation of treatment. Trial treatment was well tolerated with only a few and minor AEs reported, confirming the markedly good safety of KPC. A significant improvement of neurasthenia was seen for the total study population at the end of the treatment period. Superiority of KPC vs. placebo could not be demonstrated with the pre-specified analysis with regards to a sum score of 12 typical symptoms, perceived stress, or general health status. However, the explorative post-hoc analysis revealed that KPC is superior to placebo in the characteristic symptoms irritability and nervousness. KPC could therefore be a beneficial treatment option for symptomatic relief of neurasthenia.
Lispe tentaculata DeGeer 1776
Creators: name: Ge, Yingqiang
name: Gao, Yunyun
name: Yan, Liping
name: Liu, Xianhui
name: Zhang, Dong
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Muscidae
Lispe
Lispe tentaculata

description: Lispe tentaculata DeGeer, 1776
(Figs 1D; 2D; 4B, D, F; 5D, E, F; 11C, D)
 Lispe tentaculata DeGeer, 1776: 86.
MATERIAL EXAMINED. — 3 ♂, Beijing: Mt. Song, 31. V.2009, Coll. D. Zhang; 1 ♀, Beijing: Mt. Song, 1. VI.2009, Coll. D. Zhang; 47 ♂ and 35 ♀, Xinjiang: Kalamaili Nature Reserve, 11-14.VIII.2009, Coll. D. Zhang; 6♂ and 7♀, Xinjiang: Tekesi, 24.VIII.2013, Coll. M. Zhang; 85 ♂ and 62 ♀, Xinjiang: Kalamaili Nature Reserve, 18.V-23. VI. 2014, Coll. M. Zhang.
DISTRIBUTION IN CHINA. — Beijing, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Shandong, Shanxi, Xinjiang.
B
REMARKS
 Hennig’s drawing (1960: 408, fig. 131, with a bended distal part) of the phallus of L. tentaculata is not the same as in our dissection (Fig. 11D, specimen from Xinjiang). In our dissection, the phallus of L. tentaculata is straight and without a bended distal part, identical to Snyder’s drawing (1954: 15, fig. 53) of the phallus of L. sociabilis, about which he stated “might serve equally well for patellata and Nearctic specimens of tentaculata ” (Snyder 1954: 38). Snyder’s statement was confirmed by Vikhrev (2014: 154). These images are placed in one plate for comparison. We speculate that Hennig’s drawing was based on either an aberrant L. tentaculata or an underlying species that curiously have both modified first fore tarsomere and bended phallus, an intermediate taxon between L. tentaculata -subgroup and L. orientalis -subgroup (more information in Discussion below).
description: Published as part of Ge, Yingqiang, Gao, Yunyun, Yan, Liping, Liu, Xianhui & Zhang, Dong, 2016, Review of the Lispe tentaculata-group (Diptera: Muscidae) in China, with one new synonym, pp. 339-352 in Zoosystema 38 (3) on page 349, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n3a4, http://zenodo.org/record/5154805
Ratcheting of granular materials
Creators: name: Alonso-Marroquin, F.
name: Herrmann, H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the quasi-static mechanical response of soils under cyclic loading using a discrete model of randomly generated convex polygons. This response exhibits a sequence of regimes, each one characterized by a linear accumulation of plastic deformation with the number of cycles. At the grain level, a quasi-periodic ratchet-like behavior is observed at the contacts, which excludes the existence of an elastic regime. The study of this slow dynamics allows to explore the role of friction in the permanent deformation of unbound granular materials supporting railroads and streets.
description: Changed content Submitted to Physical Review Letters
Malonic acid suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced BV2 microglia cell activation by inhibiting the p38 MAPK/NF-κB pathway
Creators: name: Lee, Hana
name: Jang, Jun-Ho
name: Seok-Jun Kim
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: An inflammatory reaction caused by the activation of microglia in the brain can lead to neurodegeneration and cause diseases, such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. The regulation of inflammation can aid in preventing the development of neurodegenerative disease. Malonic acid has a variety of biological activity. The effects of malonic acid on microglia are not currently well known. Therefore, in this study, we investigate the effects of inflammation of malonic acid in BV2 microglia cells. As a result, we demonstrated that malonic acid on LPS-treated microglia decreased pro-inflammatory responses and mechanisms of the p38 MAPK/NF-κB pathway. Inflammatory mediators significantly decreased the LPS-induced production of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species. Pro-inflammatory cytokines of IL-6 suppressed gene expression. In addition, the protein expression of NF-κB decreased at the nucleus, as did the protein expression of activated phosphorylated IκB-α, which is an NF-κB regulator-related protein. The expression of phosphorylated p38, a mediator of inflammatory cytokines, was regulated. Therefore, our results indicate that malonic acid has anti-inflammatory effects and may be a potential therapeutic candidate for neuroinflammatory diseases.
The impact of psychedelics on patients with alcohol use disorder: a systematic review with meta-analysis
Creators: name: Sicignano, Dakota
name: Hernandez, Adrian V.
name: Schiff, Benjamin
name: Elmahy, Nawal
name: White, C. Michael
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Critique the available systematic review and de novo assessment of the role of psychedelics in the treatment of alcohol use disorder. A systematic literature search of PubMed was completed from 1960 to 9/9/2023. We pooled randomized controlled trials comparing psychedelics to control therapy for the treatment of alcohol use disorder. At the first recorded follow-up, LSD [n = 3, Odds Ratio (OR) 1.99 (95% Confidence interval (CI): 1.10 to 3.61)] and any psychedelic [n = 4, OR 2.16 (95%CI: 1.26 to 3.69)] enhanced the odds of patients achieving abstinence or a substantial reduction in drinking alcohol versus placebo in randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials. When the inclusion criteria were relaxed to include controlled trials without double-blinding or placebo control, LSD [n = 5, OR 1.79 (95%CI: 1.36 to 2.34)] and any psychedelic therapy [n = 6, OR 1.89 (95%CI: 1.42 to 2.50)] still enhanced the odds of patients achieving abstinence or a substantial reduction in drinking alcohol. Four of 6 trials had high risk of bias and other methodological issues. One trial found an instance of suicidal ideation as well as transient increases in blood pressure that requires further exploration before the balance of benefits to harms can be determined. The use of psychedelics to treat alcohol use disorder is promising, but the weaknesses in the literature base preclude making definitive statements about its value. Future trials with greater methodological rigor are needed. Lysergic acid diethylamine (LSD) and psilocybin (hallucinogenic mushrooms) are psychedelics that have been studied in patients with alcohol use disorder (chronic issue with heavy or problem drinking). When all the studies are pooled together in a meta-analysis, the odds of being able to refrain from drinking alcohol or to substantially reduce the amount of alcohol consumed was enhanced by 89%. This is a promising finding that if bore out in additional studies, especially those with higher study quality, would be a major advance in patients with alcohol use disorder. We cannot make more definitive conclusions because all the LSD studies were published between 1966 and 1970 which may not reflect contemporary practice and most of the studies had methodological weaknesses that reduce confidence in the studies to prove the benefits. It is heartening that the single psilocybin trial from 2022 was of higher methodological quality, reflected contemporary practice, and still showed positive effects.
Examples of Models of the Asynchronous Circuits
Creators: name: Vlad, Serban E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.1.0

description: We define the delays of a circuit, as well as the properties of determinism, order, time invariance, constancy, symmetry and the serial connection.
Sustainable Agriculture: A Question of Ecology, Economics, Ethics or Expedience?
Creators: name: Pannell, David J.
name: Schilizzi, Steven
name: Pannell, David J.
name: Schilizzi, Steven
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Sustainability is the paradigm of our time, yet its use as a guide to planning or decision making is clouded by its ambiguity and the multiplicity of definitions in use. In this paper we address the issue of how best to deal with the multi-faceted nature of sustainability. We outline each of the facets of sustainability which have been discussed in literature, but suggest that most of them boil down to three basic concepts: environmental stability, intergenerational equity and economic efficiency. The definitions of sustainability in use represent different different combinations of these three basic concepts. Nevertheless it remains difficult to link the concept to practical actions and decisions. We argue that a multiple criteria decision making approach is the best solution to this problem. This is consistent with the use of "sustainability indicators", but such indicators need to be selected carefully to be relevant to the essential elements of sustainability.
Food Consumption Pattern in Sri Lanka: An Application of the LA/AIDS Model
Creators: name: Pradhan, Jadunath
name: Tudawe, Indra
name: Pradhan, Jadunath
name: Tudawe, Indra
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: LA/AIDS
subject: food system
subject: demand elasticities

description: The value of parameter estimates and demand elasticities of major food items is well understood in the context of a country's food and nutrition policy, basic needs concerns and its international trade decisions. Unlike the single equation approach in the previous demand studies in Sri Lanka, in this paper the linear approximation version of the almost ideal demand system (LA/AIDS) model is implemented using the 1985 and 1990 household survey data to derive theoretically consistent demand estimates and elasticities for eleven food groups. Demand theoretic constraints are formally tested and the effects of socio-demographic variables such as family size, education and location of residence on Sri Lanka's food demand system are analysed. The study also analyses the changing nature of food consumption pattern between the two periods and draws implications for food policy programs in the country.
Additional file 1 of Silencing of microRNA-135b inhibits invasion, migration, and stemness of CD24+CD44+ pancreatic cancer stem cells through JADE-1-dependent AKT/mTOR pathway
Creators: name: Zhou, Jingyang
name: Wang, Haihong
name: Che, Jinhui
name: Xu, Lu
name: Yang, Weizhong
name: Li, Yunjiu
name: Zhou, Wuyuan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Specific information of pancreatic cancer datasets. Table S2. LogFC and p values of top 20 differentiated miRNA expression in pancreatic cancer in GSE41369 dataset.
Future Type Ia Supernova Data as Tests of Dark Energy from Modified Friedmann Equations
Creators: name: Wang, Yun
name: Freese, Katherine
name: Gondolo, Paolo
name: Lewis, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the Cardassian model, dark energy density arises from modifications to the Friedmann equation, which becomes $H^2 = g(\rhom)$, where $g(\rhom)$ is a new function of the energy density. The universe is flat, matter dominated, and accelerating. The distance redshift relation predictions of generalized Cardassian models can be very different from generic quintessence models, and can be differentiated with data from upcoming pencil beam surveys of Type Ia Supernovae such as SNAP. We have found the interesting result that, once $Ω_m$ is known to 10% accuracy, SNAP will be able to determine the sign of the time dependence of the dark energy density. Knowledge of this sign (which is related to the weak energy condition) will provide a first discrimination between various cosmological models that fit the current observational data (cosmological constant, quintessence, Cardassian expansion). Further, we have performed Monte Carlo simulations to illustrate how well one can reproduce the form of the dark energy density with SNAP. To be concrete we study a class of two parameter ($n$,$q$) generalized Cardassian models that includes the original Cardassian model (parametrized by $n$ only) as a special case. Examples are given of MP Cardassian models that fit current supernovae and CMB data, and prospects for differentiating between MP Cardassian and other models in future data are discussed. We also note that some Cardassian models can satisfy the weak energy condition $w>-1$ even with a dark energy component that has an effective equation of state $w_X < -1$.
description: revised version accepted by ApJ
Stress-aging in the electron-glass
Creators: name: Orlyanchik, V.
name: Ovadyahu, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new protocol for an aging experiment is studied in the electron-glass phase of indium-oxide films. In this protocol, the sample is exposed to a non-ohmic electric field F for a waiting time t_{w} during which the system attempts to reach a steady state (rather than relax towards equilibrium). The relaxation of the excess conductance dG after ohmic conditions are restored exhibit simple aging as long as F is not too large.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
New Variable Stars in Open Clusters I: Methods and Results for 20 Open Clusters
Creators: name: Paunzen, E.
name: Zwintz, K.
name: Maitzen, H. M.
name: Pintado, O. I.
name: Rode-Paunzen, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high precision CCD photometry of 1791 objects in 20 open clusters with an age from 10 Myr to 1 Gyr. These observations were performed within the Delta a photometric system which is primarily used to detect chemically peculiar stars of the upper main sequence. Time bases range between 30 minutes and up to 60 days with data from several nights. We describe the way of time series analysis reaching a detection limit of down to 0.006 mag. In total, we have detected 35 variable objects from which four are not members of their corresponding clusters. The variables cover the entire Hertzsprung-Russell-diagram, hence they are interesting targets for follow-up observations.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, accepted by A&A
Comment on ``Polynomial-Time Simulation of Pairing Models on a Quantum Computer''
Creators: name: Dukelsky, J.
name: Roman, J. M.
name: Sierra, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Comment on the Letter ``Polynomial-Time Simulation of Pairing Models on a Quantum Computer'', L. A. Wu, M. S. Byrd and D. A. Lidar, Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 057904 (2002).
description: To appear in Physical Review Letters
KO'RIB TUSHUNISH KO'NIKMALARINI XALQARO BAHOLASH DASTURLARIDA INTEGRATSIYALASHGAN BAHOLASH USULLARI VA ULARNING TA'LIM JARAYONIGA TA'SIRI
Creators: name: Kunnazov, Qahramon Ergashovich
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Ushbu maqolada, ko‘rib tushunish ko‘nikmalarini xalqaro baholash dasturlarida baholashning integratsiyalashgan usullari va ularning ta'lim jarayoniga ta'siri o‘rganiladi. PISA va PIRLS kabi xalqaro baholash dasturlari orqali o‘quvchilarning ko‘rib tushunish ko‘nikmalarini baholashda qo‘llaniladigan metodologiyalar tahlil qilinadi. Shuningdek, bu ko‘nikmalarni rivojlantirishda zarur bo‘lgan pedagogik strategiyalar ham ko‘rib chiqiladi. Maqola, ta'lim sohasidagi innovatsiyalarni amalga oshirish va xalqaro tajribani milliy ta'lim tizimiga moslashtirishga qaratilgan ilmiy tavsiyalar beradi.
Supernova Observation Via Neutrino-Nucleus Elastic Scattering in the CLEAN Detector
Creators: name: Horowitz, C. J.
name: Coakley, K. J.
name: McKinsey, D. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Development of large mass detectors for low-energy neutrinos and dark matter may allow supernova detection via neutrino-nucleus elastic scattering. An elastic-scattering detector could observe a few, or more, events per ton for a galactic supernova at 10 kpc ($3.1 \times 10^{20}$ m). This large yield, a factor of at least 20 greater than that for existing light-water detectors, arises because of the very large coherent cross section and the sensitivity to all flavors of neutrinos and antineutrinos. An elastic scattering detector can provide important information on the flux and spectrum of $ν_μ$ and $ν_τ$ from supernovae. We consider many detectors and a range of target materials from $^4$He to $^{208}$Pb. Monte Carlo simulations of low-energy backgrounds are presented for the liquid-neon-based Cryogenic Low Energy Astrophysics with Noble gases (CLEAN) detector. The simulated background is much smaller than the expected signal from a galactic supernova.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. D
The growth of DM and DE perturbations in DBI non-canonical scalar field scenario
Creators: name: Rezazadeh, K.
name: Asadzadeh, S.
name: Fahimi, K.
name: Karami, K.
name: Mehrabi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of varying sound speed on clustering dark energy in the Dirac-Born-Infeld (DBI) scenario. The DBI action is included in the class of $k$-essence models, and it has an important role in describing the effective degrees of freedom of D-branes in the string theory. In the DBI setup, we take the anti-de Sitter (AdS) warp factor $f(ϕ)=f_0\, ϕ^{-4}$, and investigate the self-interacting quartic potential $V(ϕ)=λϕ^{4}/4$. We calculate the full expression of the effective sound speed for our model, and show that it can evolve with time during the cosmological evolution. Besides, the adiabatic sound speed evolves with time here, and this influences the background dynamics to some extent. We show that the effective sound speed is very close to the adiabatic sound speed. We examine the effect of the variable sound speed on growth of the perturbations in both the linear and non-linear regimes. In the linear regime, we apply the Pseudo-Newtonian formalism, and show that dark energy suppresses the growth of perturbations at low redshifts. From study the Integrated Sachs-Wolf (ISW) effect in our setup, we see that the model manifests some deviation from the concordance $Λ$CDM model. In the non-linear regime, we follow the approach of spherical collapse model, and calculate the linear overdensity, the virial overdensity, overdensity at the turn around and the rate of expansion of collapsed region. We further compute relative number density of halo objects above a given mass in our setting, and show that the number of structures with respect to the $Λ$CDM model is reduced more in the high mass tail at high redshifts.
description: 33 pages, 13 figures
Aging dynamics of heterogeneous spin models
Creators: name: Montanari, Andrea
name: Ricci-Tersenghi, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate numerically the dynamics of three different spin models in the aging regime. Each of these models is meant to be representative of a distinct class of aging behavior: coarsening systems, discontinuous spin glasses, and continuous spin glasses. In order to study dynamic heterogeneities induced by quenched disorder, we consider single-spin observables for a given disorder realization. In some simple cases we are able to provide analytical predictions for single-spin response and correlation functions. The results strongly depend upon the model considered. It turns out that, by comparing the slow evolution of a few different degrees of freedom, one can distinguish between different dynamic classes. As a conclusion we present the general properties which can be induced from our results, and discuss their relation with thermometric arguments.
description: 39 pages, 36 figures
Harmonic lattice behavior of two-dimensional colloidal crystals
Creators: name: Keim, P.
name: Maret, G.
name: Herz, U.
name: von Grünberg, H. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using positional data from video-microscopy and applying the equipartition theorem for harmonic Hamiltonians, we determine the wave-vector-dependent normal mode spring constants of a two-dimensional colloidal model crystal and compare the measured band-structure to predictions of the harmonic lattice theory. We find good agreement for both the transversal and the longitudinal mode. For $q\to 0$, the measured spring constants are consistent with the elastic moduli of the crystal.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, submitted
Examining the Casimir puzzle with upgraded technique and advanced surface cleaning
Creators: name: Liu, Mingyue
name: Xu, Jun
name: Klimchitskaya, G. L.
name: Mostepanenko, V. M.
name: Mohideen, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We performed measurements of the gradient of the Casimir force between Au-coated surfaces of a sphere and a plate by means of significantly upgraded dynamic atomic force microscope (AFM) based technique. By introducing combined cleaning procedure of interior surfaces of the vacuum chamber and the test bodies by means of UV light and Ar ions, we reached higher vacuum and eliminated the role of electrostatic patches. Furthermore, the use of much softer cantilever allowed a sixfold decrease of the systematic error in measuring the force gradient. The experimental data are compared with theoretical predictions of the Lifshitz theory taking into account corrections due to the inaccuracy of the proximity force approximation and that due to surface roughness. It is shown that the theoretical approach accounting for the relaxation properties of free electrons is excluded by the data up to a larger than previous sphere-plate separation of 820~nm, whereas an alternative approach is found in a very good agreement with the data. Importance of these results in connection with the foundations of quantum statistical physics is discussed.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures; accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B (Rapid Communications)
Deutonura Cassagnau 1979
Creators: name: Deharveng, Louis
name: Bedos, Anne
name: Duran, Vanesa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Collembola
Poduromorpha
Neanuridae
Deutonura

description: Genus Deutonura Cassagnau, 1979
 TYPE SPECIES. — Achorutes phlegraeus Caroli, 1912.
description: Published as part of Deharveng, Louis, Bedos, Anne & Duran, Vanesa, 2015, Two new species of Poduromorpha (Collembola) from the Mercantour National Park (Alpes-Maritimes, France), with comments on pseudopore patterns, pp. 179-191 in Zoosystema 37 (1) on page 184, DOI: 10.5252/z2015n1a8, http://zenodo.org/record/5155089
Electronic structure of interstitial hydrogen in In-Ga-Zn-O semiconductor simulated by muon
Creators: name: Kojima, K. M.
name: Hiraishi, M.
name: Okabe, H.
name: Koda, A.
name: Kadono, 2 R.
name: Ide, K.
name: Matsuishi, S.
name: Kumomi, H.
name: Kamiya, T.
name: Hosono, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the local electronic structure of interstitial muon (Mu) as pseudo-hydrogen in In-Ga-Zn oxide (IGZO) semiconductor studied by muon spin rotation/relaxation ($μ$SR) experiment. In polycrystalline (c-) IGZO, it is inferred that Mu is in a diamagnetic state, where the $μ$SR time spectra under zero external field is perfectly described by the Gaussian Kubo-Toyabe relaxation function with the linewidth $Δ$ serving as a sensitive measure for the random local fields from In/Ga nuclear magnetic moments. The magnitude of $Δ$ combined with the density functional theory calculations for H (to mimic Mu) suggests that Mu occupies Zn-O bond-center site (Mu$_{\rm BC}$) similar to the case in crystalline ZnO. This implies that the diamagnetic state in c-IGZO corresponds to Mu$_{\rm BC}^+$, thus serving as an electron donor. In amorphous (a-) IGZO, the local Mu structure in as-deposited films is nearly identical with that in c-IGZO, suggesting Mu$_{\rm BC}^+$ for the electronic state. In contrast, the diamagnetic signal in heavily hydrogenated a-IGZO films exhibits the Lorentzian Kubo-Toyabe relaxation, implying that Mu accompanies more inhomogeneous distribution of the neighboring nuclear spins that may involve Mu$^-$H$^-$-complex state in an oxygen vacancy.
description: 5 pages (in double column), 3 figures
Calibration processes for photon-photon colliders
Creators: name: Bartos, E.
name: Dubnickova, A. -Z.
name: Galynskii, M. V.
name: Kuraev, E. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Processes with creation of a pair charged particles with emission of hard photon and two pairs of charged particles are considered for colliding partially polarized photon photon beams. The effects of circular and linear polarization of the initial photons are discussed in more details.
description: LaTeX2e, 11 pages, 1 eps figure
Orogastrura Deharveng & Gers 1979
Creators: name: Deharveng, Louis
name: Bedos, Anne
name: Duran, Vanesa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Collembola
Poduromorpha
Hypogastruridae
Orogastrura

description: KEY TO SPECIES OF OROGASTRURA DEHARVENG & GERS, 1979
 1. 7+7 ocelli. Mucro present. Dens with four chaetae. Chaetae m1 present on Abd. V............................................................................................................ O. stebaevae Babenko, 1994. Distribution: West Siberia (Russia).
— 6+6 ocelli or less............................................................................................................................................ 2
description: Published as part of Deharveng, Louis, Bedos, Anne & Duran, Vanesa, 2015, Two new species of Poduromorpha (Collembola) from the Mercantour National Park (Alpes-Maritimes, France), with comments on pseudopore patterns, pp. 179-191 in Zoosystema 37 (1) on page 191, DOI: 10.5252/z2015n1a8, http://zenodo.org/record/5155089
Regional future scenarios for rural space types in Austria
Creators: name: Wagner, Klaus
name: Wagner, Klaus
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: rural development
subject: multifunctionality
subject: agriculture

description: The results of this study show development paths of rural regions in Austria. The conflicts between various policy objectives in regard to agriculture, the regional economy and protection of the environment will increase further. The value, which the society attaches to the social functions of agriculture and the areas covered by it, will increase more than the value of the production of biomass. In main agricultural regions the function "production of food and raw materials " is still the most important pillar of agriculture and the regional economy. In the more densely populated districts also the functions of resource protection, spatial structuring and biodiversity are very important for society. In the mountainous districts multifunctionality appears to be a complementary phenomenon. Most important there is the function of biodiversity, but also tourism-relations in the case of developed tourist regions. In the case of eastern border regions, with special problems in regional economy the functions of agriculture and agricultural areas assume low levels. In some districts new dynamics can be observed since the opening of the borders, but in some regions there is still lack of progress. The subsidies for agriculture and regional development should depend on the different multifunctional bases of the regions.
Ecological systems of water management in rural areas
Creators: name: Mioduszewski, Waldemar
name: Mioduszewski, Waldemar
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: water resources
subject: water management
subject: river basin
subject: agriculture
subject: environmental protection.

description: Poland has poor water resources. Moreover, they are unevenly distributed in space and time. Some types of human activity diminished water resources and increased the frequency of extreme phenomena such as floods and draughts. The development of rural areas depends on the quality and quantity of water resources. Suitable water management in rural areas can help enlarge water resources and minimize the negative effect of agriculture on natural flora and fauna. It should also allow for the increase of biological diversity. One of the methods to improve water conditions is by increasing the retention abilities (water harvesting) of small basins. Field studies and approximate calculations showed that treatments consisting in the increase of swampy areas, number of water pools and small water reservoirs, elevating water level in eroded rivers and canals, improvement of the soil structure, regulation of outflows from the drainage systems, etc. can significantly enlarge water resources in river basins. Proper water management should enable the supply of good quality water both for the natural environment and for the agricultural and municipal needs.
Cosmic ray spectrum and anisotropies from the knee to the second knee
Creators: name: Candia, Julián
name: Mollerach, Silvia
name: Roulet, Esteban
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the scenario in which the knee in the cosmic ray spectrum is due to a change in the escape mechanism of cosmic rays from the Galaxy from one dominated by transverse diffusion to one dominated by drifts. We show that this scenario explains not only the changes in spectral slope at the knee and at the second knee, but can also account for the main characteristics of the observed energy dependent anisotropy amplitude and phase of first harmonic in the energy range between $10^{15}$ and $10^{18}$ eV. This provides a useful handle to distinguish this diffusion/drift model from other scenarios proposed to explain the knee in the spectrum.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures; revised version with minor changes. To appear in JCAP
New findings on the significance of Jebel Moya in the eastern Sahel
Creators: name: Brass, Michael
name: Fuller, Dorian Q.
name: MacDonald, Kevin
name: Stevens, Chris
name: Adam, Ahmed
name: Kozieradzka-Ogunmakin, Iwona
name: Rayan Abdallah
name: Alawad, Osman
name: Abdalla, Ammar
name: Gregory, Isabelle Vella
name: Wellings, Joss
name: Fakri Hassan
name: Abdelrahman, Ali
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: This paper presents new excavation data and new radiometric dates for Jebel Moya, south-central Sudan. These data suggest revisions to previous chronological understandings of the site. New excavations, initiated in 2017, show a longer, more continuous occupation of the site than has been previously recognised. Archaeozoological and archaeobotanical analyses provide evidence for domesticated taxa. Archaeobotanical evidence is dominated by domesticated sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), radiocarbon dated to c. 2550–2210 BC. Faunal remains include cattle and goat/sheep. A late third-millennium BC date on the human skeleton excavated in the 2017 season also shows that mortuary activity began early in the site’s history, contemporary with domesticated faunal and botanical remains. These initial results indicate the long-term association of the site with pastoralism and agriculture and with environmental change. Jebel Moya’s continued potential to serve as a chronological and cultural reference point for future studies in south-central Sudan and the eastern Sahel is reinforced.
Role of tourism in development of rural marginal areas (region of Sumava Mts. in Czech Republic)
Creators: name: Tesitel, Jan
name: Kusova, Drahomira
name: Bartos, Michael
name: Tesitel, Jan
name: Kusova, Drahomira
name: Bartos, Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: marginality
subject: marginal area
subject: rural areas
subject: regional development
subject: tourism

description: Marginality is a complex phenomenon resulting from the specific natural, economic as well as socio-cultural attributes of individual regions. It includes impossibility (of majority) of the population living in a given territory to integrate itself into the main developmental trends (e. g. Moller 1995; Sirovátka 1997). Transforming marginality into comparative advantage can be seen as one of promising ways to overcome it. As a region marginal from socio-economic perspective, but highly attractive as tourist destination, Sumava Mts. were chosen as a model area to demonstrate the idea. Documented by empirical findings, the latest history of the region is discussed in terms of assessing the strong and weak points of developmental strategy adopted by the region, which is based on tourism as the main agent fostering region's socio-economic wake.
Isotropization and Complexity of Decoupled Solutions in Self-interacting Brans-Dicke Gravity
Creators: name: Sharif, M.
name: Majid, Amal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of this work is to formulate two new solutions by decoupling the field equations via a minimal geometric deformation in the context of self-interacting Brans-Dicke gravity. We introduce an extra source in the anisotropic fluid distribution to generate new analogs of existing solutions. The radial metric function is transformed to decouple the field equations into two sets such that each array corresponds to one source only. The system corresponding to the original matter distribution is specified by metric functions of well-behaved solutions. On the other hand, the second set is closed by imposing constraints on the additional matter source. For this purpose, we have applied the isotropization condition as well as vanishing complexity condition on the new source. Smooth matching of interior and exterior spacetimes at the junction provides values of the unknown constants. Interesting physical features of corresponding models are checked by employing the mass and radius of the star PSR J1614-2230. It is concluded that both extensions yield viable and stable models for certain values of the decoupling parameter.
description: 26 pages, 10 figures, to appear in EPJP
Prospects of observation of gravitationally lensed sources by space submillimeter telescopes
Creators: name: Larchenkova, T. I.
name: Ermash, A. A.
name: Doroshkevich, A. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the current paper we consider the prospects of observation of gravitationally lensed sources in far-infrared and submillimeter wavelength ranges by the future space telescopes equipped with actively cooled main mirrors. We consider the possibility of solving some of the important cosmological and astrophysical scientific tasks by observation of gravitationally lensed sources. The number counts of lensed sources for wavelengths from 70$μm$ up to 2000$μm$ were calculated. We discuss the distribution of lensed sources at different redshifts and magnification coefficients and also mass distribution of lenses. Model sky maps that illustrate the contribution of lensed sources were created.
description: 23 pages, 6 figures