cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Cellular phone network service prototyping direct manipulation 3D virtual environment for design, training, marketing and documentation
Creators: name: Davoli, Mario
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: This work explores the use of 3D interactive visualization to address problems of telecommunications service development and implementation. It is based on a belief that 3D visualization can offer insights into the complex behaviour of telecommunication systems for a variety of different stakeholders, and that a single integrated tool can be developed to support the rapid development of telecommunication systems. The ideas are developed in a staged fashion, resulting in four prototype versions of a 3D Direct Manipulation Virtual Environment for a modular phone network. The two core features explored in this work are: Visual and functional metaphor development, for a range of concrete and abstract telecommunication concepts and; Integration of databases, so that the one integrated environment can represent multiple behaviours. The functions supported by this system include: Validating a new service; Describing a service at multiple levels of complexity to suit audiences of different levels of expertise; Prototyping, designing, marketing and training users of a service and; Using the programming environment itself as an authoritative service documentation record. The effectiveness of this approach is evaluated by testing with different types of users who have differing levels of technical, financial or marketing knowledge and computer experience.
Dismantling Systemic Racism and Advancing Health Equity throughout Research.
Creators: name: Rodríguez, Lourdes J
name: Beard, Kenya
name: Iruka, Iheoma U
name: Murry, Velma McBride
name: Taylor, Shaneah
name: Laraque-Arena, Danielle
Publisher: name: National Academy of Medicine
Year: 2022

description:
The Biden Administration—with its Executive Order on Advancing Racial Equity and Support for Underserved Communities Through the Federal Government, which was released on January 20, 2021—created a timely opportunity to dismantle racism throughout and across a variety of government-funded research infrastructures, including health, biomedical, social, and behavioral research, as well as research focused on the social determinants of health (The White House, 2021). In keeping with the intent of the executive order, all structures and institutions that define who, what, where, why, and how research is conceptualized, funded, and conducted must decenter whiteness and ensure that all scholars and communities have access to funding to conduct research that advances health equity. Only then will research in the U.S. achieve its full future potential in discovery, application, and education. To advance progress toward this goal, the authors of this commentary propose three broad areas for urgent action.
Energy Transition Pathways for Zambia: A Modelling Approach Using OseMOSYS
Creators: name: Mwanza, Jethro
name: Musama, Eric
name: Mambwe, Christopher
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Climatic changes
subject: energy transitions
subject: osemosys
subject: energy planning
subject: zambia

description: Zambia's energy sector is heavily reliant on hydropower, which accounts for over 83% of its 3,800 MW installed capacity as of December 2023. This dependency, coupled with the impacts of climate change, has led to increasing energy insecurity, particularly during frequent droughts, which disrupt electricity supply. Additionally, the country faces significant challenges in extending electricity access, especially in rural areas where the average access rate is only 8%. In response, the Zambian government has set ambitious targets to diversify the energy mix to achieve 30% electricity production from variable renewable sources. To support Energy Transition Pathways for Zambia and sustainable development , study employed the Advanced Energy System Modelling Using OseMOSYS an Open-Source Energy Modelling System to explore three energy transition scenarios: Business-As-Usual (BAU), Government Renewable Energy Policy (REW), and Drought Impact Scenario (DIS). The scenarios assess the integration of renewable energy, technological advancements, and policy interventions up to 2070. The results highlight the critical need for diversification in Zambia's energy mix. The REW scenario, which emphasizes renewable energy integration, shows significant potential for reducing greenhouse from about 2000 ktCO2 to about 1600 ktCO2 and stabilizing investment costs. The DIS scenario underscores the importance of resilience strategies in mitigating the impacts of droughts on the hydropower-dependent energy system. Overall, this study provides essential insights and policy recommendations for guiding Zambia's transition towards a more sustainable and resilient energy future.
Additional file 3 of Palliative care in Uganda: quantitative descriptive study of key palliative care indicators 2018-2020
Creators: name: Kagarmanova, Ainur
name: Mwesiga, Mark Donald
name: Sisk, Matthew L.
name: Kabagambe, Cynthia
name: Nyakaisiki, Sheba
name: Marentette, Tom
name: Ahern, Lacey N.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3. Districts with no accredited palliative care facility as of January 2020. List of districts with no accredited palliative care facilities as of January 2020.
Ancient Egypt : Predynastic Period : Early Naqada Culture
Creators: name: Arbuckle, Caroline
Publisher: name: Database of Religious History (DRH)
Year: 2021

description: The early Naqada culture of Upper Egypt (in the south), refers to the cultural assemblage found in this area of Egypt during the Predynastic Period. This is what Egyptologists refer to as Naqada I-IIIb, approximately 4000-2950 BCE (though these dates are somewhat debated). Most of this period is devoid of texts, with simple labels showing up right at the end. This means that our religious knowledge for this era is completely based on an interpretation of the material evidence. Many of these interpretations are built on the belief of continuity of practice between this early phase and later Egyptian religion. This is somewhat problematic, as the meaning of objects and practices may have changed over time. There is therefore disagreement on what religion was like in this prehistoric period, which should be kept in mind. As new evidence surfaces, these interpretations may change. For the moment, Egyptologists generally see the Naqada culture as the foundation of what we currently understand to be ancient Egyptian religion. Many of the iconic images of pharaonic power and religion are first seen at this time, and continue to be used for thousands of years. The practices of the Naqada culture people began in the south of Egypt, but during this period they spread north, and replace the Buto-Maadi culture. This is therefore a crucial period in the history of ancient Egyptian religion.
Numb-associated kinases are required for SARS-CoV-2 infection and are cellular targets for antiviral strategies
Creators: name: Ye, Chengjin
name: De Jonghe, Steven
name: Johnson, Gary L
name: Ghita, Luca
name: Martinez-Gualda, Belén
name: Park, Jun-Gyu
name: Pinsky, Benjamin A
name: Karim, Marwah
name: Asquith, Christopher R M
name: Sahoo, Malaya Kumar
name: East, Michael Patrick
name: Lo, Chieh-Wen
name: Narayanan, Aarthi
name: Martinez-Sobrido, Luis
name: Saul, Sirle
name: Bhalla, Nishank
name: Einav, Shirit
name: Jin, Jing
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2022

description:
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to pose serious threats to global health. We previously reported that AAK1, BIKE and GAK, members of the Numb-associated kinase family, control intracellular trafficking of multiple RNA viruses during viral entry and assembly/egress. Here, using both genetic and pharmacological approaches, we probe the functional relevance of NAKs for SARS-CoV-2 infection. siRNA-mediated depletion of AAK1, BIKE, GAK, and STK16, the fourth member of the NAK family, suppressed SARS-CoV-2 infection in human lung epithelial cells. Both known and novel small molecules with potent AAK1/BIKE, GAK or STK16 activity suppressed SARS-CoV-2 infection. Moreover, combination treatment with the approved anti-cancer drugs, sunitinib and erlotinib, with potent anti-AAK1/BIKE and GAK activity, respectively, demonstrated synergistic effect against SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro. Time-of-addition experiments revealed that pharmacological inhibition of AAK1 and BIKE suppressed viral entry as well as late stages of the SARS-CoV-2 life cycle. Lastly, suppression of NAKs expression by siRNAs inhibited entry of both wild type and SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus. These findings provide insight into the roles of NAKs in SARS-CoV-2 infection and establish a proof-of-principle that pharmacological inhibition of NAKs can be potentially used as a host-targeted approach to treat SARS-CoV-2 with potential implications to other coronaviruses.
The rhythms of “acostumbrarse”: Noticing quiet hydro-politics in Colombia’s Caribbean coast
Creators: name: Berman-Arévalo, Eloisa
name: Valdivia, Gabriela
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications
Year: 2022

description:
In Colombia’s Caribbean region, where Black Diaspora agrarian spaces have been overtaken by oil palm plantations, access to safe drinking water has become increasingly difficult. Leticia is a water spring located in this historical afro descendant territory. Leticia’s near exhaustion in 2015 as a consequence of oil palm encroachment caused little public outrage even though nearby communities have depended on its waters for decades. Some residents explained their response to Leticia’s fate as acostumbrarse or “getting used to” these forms of harm. While such responses are often discounted as expressions of “giving up,” we argue that acostumbrarse to Leticia’s precarity expresses self-affirmation that overflows liberal notions of resistance. In conversation with Black and Caribbean Studies intellect and poetics, we first problematize how dominant ways of writing about black harm not only reproduce anti-black violence but also neglect the desires of quiet sovereignty in the experience of harm. Second, we re-story Leticia’s sociality as immanent and acostumbrarse as a collective politics of perseverance that ebbs and flows in this hydro-sociality. Our goal is to open space for noticing and storying quiet responses such as acostumbrarse as an opaque politics of perseverance, forming and reforming through recurring and punctuated experiences of both life and death, harm and collective self-affirmation.
SIMCor. Deliverable 3.1 - System requirements (UTBV, M6)
Creators: name: Cracanel, Răzvan Alexandru
name: Demeter, Robert
name: Itu, Lucian Mihai
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Definition of the technical requirements for adapting and extending the UTBV cloud-based infrastructure to integrate collected data and computational tools to facilitate the in-silico clinical trial workflow.
Advancing a Data Justice Framework for Public Health Surveillance
Creators: name: Buchbinder, Mara
name: Rosen, David L.
name: Blue, Colleen
name: Juengst, Eric
name: Rennie, Stuart
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022

description:
BACKGROUND: Bioethical debates about privacy, big data, and public health surveillance have not sufficiently engaged the perspectives of those being surveilled. The data justice framework suggests that big data applications have the potential to create disproportionate harm for socially marginalized groups. Using examples from our research on HIV surveillance for individuals incarcerated in jails, we analyze ethical issues in deploying big data in public health surveillance. METHODS: We conducted qualitative, semi-structured interviews with 24 people living with HIV who had been previously incarcerated in county jails about their perspectives on and experiences with HIV surveillance, as part of a larger study to characterize ethical considerations in leveraging big data techniques to enhance continuity of care for incarcerated people living with HIV. RESULTS: Most participants expressed support for the state health department tracking HIV testing results and viral load data. Several viewed HIV surveillance as a violation of privacy, and several had actively avoided contact from state public health outreach workers. Participants were most likely to express reservations about surveillance when they viewed the state's motives as self-interested. Perspectives highlight the mistrust that structurally vulnerable people may have in the state's capacity to act as an agent of welfare. Findings suggest that adopting a nuanced, context-sensitive view on surveillance is essential. CONCLUSIONS: Establishing trustworthiness through interpersonal interactions with public health personnel is important to reversing historical legacies of harm to racial minorities and structurally vulnerable groups. Empowering stakeholders to participate in the design and implementation of data infrastructure and governance is critical for advancing a data justice agenda, and can offset privacy concerns. The next steps in advancing the data justice framework in public health surveillance will be to innovate ways to represent the voices of structurally vulnerable groups in the design and governance of big data initiatives.
Initial validation of ozone measurements from the High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder
Creators: name: Nardi, Bruno
name: Gille, John C.
name: Barnett, John J.
name: Randall, Cora E.
name: Harvey, V. Lynn
name: Waterfall, Alison
name: Reburn, W. Jolyon
name: Leblanc, Thierry
name: McGee, Tom J.
name: Twigg, Laurence W.
name: Thompson, Anne M.
name: Godin-Beekmann, Sophie
name: Bernath, Peter F.
name: Bojkov, Bojan R.
name: Boone, Chris D.
name: Cavanaugh, Charles
name: Coffey, Michael T.
name: Craft, James
name: Craig, Cheryl
name: Dean, Vincil
name: Eden, Thomas D.
name: Francis, Gene
name: Froidevaux, Lucien
name: Halvorson, Chris
name: Hannigan, James W.
name: Hepplewhite, Christopher L.
name: Kinnison, Douglas E.
name: Khosravi, Rashid
name: Krinsky, Charlie
name: Lambert, Alyn
name: Lee, Hyunah
name: Loh, Joanne
name: Massie, Steven T.
name: McDermid, I. Stuart
name: Packman, Daniel
name: Torpy, Brendan
name: Valverde-Canossa, Jessica
name: Walker, Kaley A.
name: Whiteman, David N.
name: Witte, Jacquelyn C.
name: Young, Greg
Publisher: name: AGU
Year: 2008
Subjects: ozone
UTLS
validation
AURA
HIRDLS
profiles

description: Comparisons of the latest High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder (HIRDLS) ozone retrievals (v2.04.09) are made with ozonesondes, ground-based lidars, airborne lidar measurements made during the Intercontinental Chemical Transport Experiment–B, and satellite observations. A large visual obstruction blocking over 80% of the HIRDLS field of view presents significant challenges to the data analysis methods and implementation, to the extent that the radiative properties of the obstruction must be accurately characterized in order to adequately correct measured radiances. The radiance correction algorithms updated as of August 2007 are used in the HIRDLS v2.04.09 data presented here. Comparisons indicate that HIRDLS ozone is recoverable between 1 and 100 hPa at middle and high latitudes and between 1 and 50 hPa at low latitudes. Accuracy of better than 10% is indicated between 1 and 30 hPa (HIRDLS generally low) by the majority of the comparisons with coincident measurements, and 5% is indicated between 2 and 10 hPa when compared with some lidars. Between 50 and 100 hPa, at middle and high latitudes, accuracy is 10–20%. The ozone precision is estimated to be generally 5–10% between 1 and 50 hPa. Comparisons with ozonesondes and lidars give strong indication that HIRDLS is capable of resolving fine vertical ozone features (1–2 km) in the region between 1 and 50 hPa. Development is continuing on the radiance correction and the cloud detection and filtering algorithms, and it is hoped that it will be possible to achieve a further reduction in the systematic bias and an increase in the measurement range downward to lower heights (at pressures greater than 50–100 hPa).
Diffuse systemic sclerosis following COVID-19 infection
Creators: name: Gilbert, AL
name: Blum, F.R.
name: Sampath, AJ
name: Foulke, GT
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022

description:
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease characterized by extensive fibrosis of the skin, vasculature, and other organs. SSc is divided into two subtypes: limited and diffuse. Importantly, diffuse SSc is associated with a higher incidence of lung, cardiac, and kidney disease. Owing to significant multiorgan system involvement, patients with SSc require a multidisciplinary team to coordinate care and mediate the high disease-associated morbidity and mortality. The evolution of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has sparked a wave of physical anomalies. A variety of autoimmune conditions following COVID-19 infection has been documented, including vasculitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, sarcoidosis, and inflammatory myopathies. The multisystem inflammation pattern associated with COVID-19 infection can present much like systemic autoinflammatory diseases. Understanding of this phenomenon is ongoing.
Evaluation of handwriting kinematics and pressure for differential diagnosis of Parkinson's disease
Creators: name: Drotár, Peter
name: Mekyska, Jiří
name: Rektorová, Irena
name: Masarová, Lucia
name: Smékal, Zdeněk
name: Faundez-Zanuy, Marcos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Objective: We present the PaHaW Parkinson's disease handwriting database, consisting of handwriting samples from Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and healthy controls. Our goal is to show that kinematic features and pressure features in handwriting can be used for the differential diagnosis of PD. Methods and Material: The database contains records from 37 PD patients and 38 healthy controls performing eight different handwriting tasks. The tasks include drawing an Archimedean spiral, repetitively writing orthographically simple syllables and words, and writing of a sentence. In addition to the conventional kinematic features related to the dynamics of handwriting, we investigated new pressure features based on the pressure exerted on the writing surface. To discriminate between PD patients and healthy subjects, three different classifiers were compared: K-nearest neighbors (K-NN), ensemble AdaBoost classifier, and support vector machines (SVM). Results: For predicting PD based on kinematic and pressure features of handwriting, the best performing model was SVM with classification accuracy of Pacc = 81.3% (sensitivity Psen = 87.4% and specificity of Pspe = 80.9%). When evaluated separately, pressure features proved to be relevant for PD diagnosis, yielding Pacc = 82.5% compared to Pacc = 75.4% using kinematic features. Conclusion: Experimental results showed that an analysis of kinematic and pressure features during handwriting can help assess subtle characteristics of handwriting and discriminate between PD patients and healthy controls.
description: 23 pages
Potential Lethality of Suicide Attempts in Youth
Creators: name: Jopling, Ellen
name: LeMoult, Joelle
name: Kerns, Connor M.
name: Nugent, S.
name: Eslami, Ali
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: Objective: Rates of suicide in youth have increased over the last 50 years, yet our ability to predict suicidal behaviors has not significantly improved during this time. Examining predictors of suicide attempt lethality can enhance our understanding of suicidality in youth, yet research has focused on actual medical lethality (the actual danger to life resulting from a suicide attempt) rather than potential lethality (the potential for death that is associated with a suicide attempt). Thus, the aim of the present study was twofold: first, we quantified the percentage of youth for whom the severity of suicide attempt was misclassified by considering only actual lethality; second, we tested whether key variables that predict the actual lethality of suicide attempts also predict the potential lethality of suicide attempts in youth. Method: We examined these questions in a sample of children and adolescents admitted to a psychiatric inpatient unit following a suicide attempt. Results: Over 70% of youth who made serious suicide attempts would have been misclassified by assessments relying on only actual lethality. Although several variables relevant to the construct of actual lethality significantly predicted potential lethality (e.g., male sex, substance use disorder), others did not. In addition, we found that the subset of youth who would have been misclassified as low risk based on actual lethality had a disproportionately high need for healthcare resources due to future hospital admissions. Conclusion: The present study provides evidence to suggest that considering potential lethality may lead to improved detection and prediction of suicide risk in youth, and in doing so supports recent calls to broaden considerations of the lethality associated with suicide attempts.
Additional file 6 of Palliative care in Uganda: quantitative descriptive study of key palliative care indicators 2018-2020
Creators: name: Kagarmanova, Ainur
name: Mwesiga, Mark Donald
name: Sisk, Matthew L.
name: Kabagambe, Cynthia
name: Nyakaisiki, Sheba
name: Marentette, Tom
name: Ahern, Lacey N.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 6. Other conditions mentioned by mHealth surveillance survey participating facilities. List of other conditions like hypertension, arthritis, and pain, reported the most when seeking palliative care.
Additional file 4 of Palliative care in Uganda: quantitative descriptive study of key palliative care indicators 2018-2020
Creators: name: Kagarmanova, Ainur
name: Mwesiga, Mark Donald
name: Sisk, Matthew L.
name: Kabagambe, Cynthia
name: Nyakaisiki, Sheba
name: Marentette, Tom
name: Ahern, Lacey N.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4. Number of people living in districts with palliative care facilities by Uganda’s subregions (2014 census). List of Uganda’s subregions and number of people living in districts by number of accredited palliative care facilities, indicating the need in palliative care services in number of people.
Remote Sensing of Tropospheric Pollution from Space
Creators: name: Fishman, Jack
name: Bowman, Kevin W.
name: Burrows, John P.
name: Richter, Andreas
name: Chance, Kelly V.
name: Edwards, David P.
name: Martin, Randall V.
name: Morris, Gary A.
name: Pierce, R. Bradley
name: Ziemke, Jerald R.
name: Al-Saadi, Jassim A.
name: Creilson, John K.
name: Schaack, Todd K.
name: Thompson, Anne M.
Publisher: name: AMS
Year: 2008

description: We review the progress of tropospheric trace gas observations and address the need for additional measurement capabilities as recommended by the National Research Council. Tropospheric measurements show pollution in the Northern Hemisphere as a result of fossil fuel burning and a strong seasonal dependence with the largest amounts of carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide in the winter and spring. In the summer, when photochemistry is most intense, photochemically generated ozone is found in large concentrations over and downwind from where anthropogenic sources are largest, such as the eastern United States and eastern China. In the tropics and the subtropics, where photon flux is strong throughout the year, trace gas concentrations are driven by the abundance of the emissions. The largest single tropical source of pollution is biomass burning, as can be seen readily in carbon monoxide measurements, but lightning and biogenic trace gases may also contribute to trace gas variability. Although substantive progress has been achieved in seasonal and global mapping of a few tropospheric trace gases, satellite trace gas observations with considerably better temporal and spatial resolution are essential to forecasting air quality at the spatial and temporal scales required by policy makers. The concurrent use of atmospheric composition measurements for both scientific and operational purposes is a new paradigm for the atmospheric chemistry community. The examples presented illustrate both the promise and challenge of merging satellite information with in situ observations in state-of-the-art data assimilation models.
Centering Equity and Developing the Maternal Health Workforce: Building the National Maternal Health Learning and Innovation Center
Creators: name: Tucker, Christine
name: Reddy, Julia
name: Epps, Deitre
name: Cannon, Abby C.
name: Mullenix, Amy
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2022

description:
Purpose The purpose of this article is to describe the development of the Maternal Health Learning and Innovation Center (MHLIC), a national initiative designed to enhance workforce capacity of maternal health professionals in the United States. Description The mission of the MHLIC is to foster collaboration and learning among diverse stakeholders to accelerate evidence-informed approaches advancing equitable maternal health outcomes through engagement, innovation, and policy. Working to center equity in all efforts, the MHLIC builds workforce capacity through partnership, training, technical assistance, coaching, facilitation of peer learning, and a national resource repository. Assessment The MHLIC employed several assessment strategies in its first year, including a baseline learning survey of awardees, a stakeholder survey of potential collaborators in maternal health, and advisory convenings. Internally the MHLIC team assessed its own intercultural development. Assessment results informed internal and external approaches to workforce development. Conclusions Telehealth implementation, access to services for rural populations, racial inequities, and data use and dissemination were the primary gaps that awardees and other stakeholders identified. The MHLIC is unique in its collaborative design approach and the centering of equity as foundational to the structure, subject, and culture of its work. The MHLIC utilizes a collaborative approach that capitalizes on academic and practice partners’ extensive expertise in maternal health systems. Key to the success of future maternal health efforts is workforce development that builds the awareness and capacity to advance racial and geographic equity for public health, community, and clinical professionals.
Almost finitely generated inverse systems and reduced k-algebras
Creators: name: Elias, Joan
name: Rossi, Maria Evelina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The purpose of this paper is to characterize one-dimensional local domains, or more in general reduced, in terms of its Macaulay's inverse system. This leads to study almost finitely generated modules in the divided power ring. We specialize the results to a numerical semigroup ring by computing explicitly its inverse system. In the graded case we characterize reduced arithmetically Gorenstein $0$-dimensional schemes.
Additional file 2 of Oligodendroglia-derived extracellular vesicles activate autophagy via LC3B/BAG3 to protect against oxidative stress with an enhanced effect for HSPB8 enriched vesicles
Creators: name: Van den Broek, Bram
name: Wuyts, Charlotte
name: Sisto, Angela
name: Pintelon, Isabel
name: Timmermans, Jean-Pierre
name: Somers, Veerle
name: Timmerman, Vincent
name: Hellings, Niels
name: Irobi, Joy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. qPCR primer sequences.
Preconception Cardiometabolic Markers and Birth Outcomes Among Women in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos
Creators: name: Gellman, Marc D.
name: Siega-Riz, Anna Maria
name: Talavera, Gregory A.
name: Van Horn, Linda
name: Daviglus, Martha L.
name: Cordero, Christina
name: Sotres-Alvarez, Daniela
name: Stuebe, Alison M.
name: Vladutiu, Catherine J.
name: Butera, Nicole M.
name: Aviles-Santa, Larissa
name: Isasi, Carmen R.
Publisher: name: Mary Ann Liebert
Year: 2022

description:
Background: Associations between preconception cardiometabolic markers and birth outcomes have been noted, but data are scarce for Hispanics/Latinos. We examined the association between preconception cardiometabolic markers, birthweight and preterm birth among U.S. Hispanic/Latina women. Materials and Methods: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos is a cohort study of U.S. adults 18-74 years of age, including 3,798 women of reproductive age (18-44 years) from four field centers representing Hispanic/Latino backgrounds of Cuban, Dominican, Mexican, Puerto Rican, Central American, and South American. A baseline clinic examination (2008-2011) and a second clinic examination (2014-2017), including ascertainment of birth outcomes, allowed for identification of 517 singleton live births between the exams. Preconception cardiometabolic markers included abdominal obesity (waist circumference ≥88 cm), body mass index >30 kg/m2, high blood pressure (systolic ≥120 mmHg and diastolic ≥80 mmHg), elevated triglycerides (≥150 mg/dL), low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (<50 mg/dL), elevated fasting glucose (≥100 mg/dL), and insulin. Complex survey linear regression modeled the association between cardiometabolic markers and birthweight-for-gestational age z-score; complex survey logistic regression modeled the association with preterm birth. Analyses adjusted for Hispanic/Latina background, field center, years between baseline and birth, age, and nulliparity. Results: In adjusted linear regression models, elevated fasting glucose was associated with higher birthweight z-scores (β = 0.56, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.14 to 0.99), even after further adjustment for maternal percent body fat (β = 0.53, 95% CI 0.10 to 0.95). In adjusted logistic regression models, high blood pressure (odds ratio [OR] = 2.57, 95% CI 1.13 to 5.88) and increased insulin (OR = 1.50, 95% CI 1.06 to 2.14, for a 10 mU/L increase) were associated with higher odds for preterm birth. Conclusions: Infant birthweight and preterm birth may be influenced by selected cardiometabolic risk factors before pregnancy among Hispanic/Latina women.
Punishment and Precious Emotions : A Hope Standard for Punishment
Creators: name: Brownlee, Kimberley, 1978-
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Each year, hundreds of people in high-income countries take their own lives while they are in prison. Thousands engage in self-harm and thousands abuse other prisoners. Such behaviours often correlate with mental health problems, but they are also often pleas for help and for hope. Some courts have invoked the ideas of hope and the right to hope in the context of life imprisonment, but they have neither subjected the concept of hope to sustained analysis nor specified the role that hope should play in our practices of lawful punishment overall. This article offers a preliminary investigation of the role for hope in lawful punishment. It argues that one standard that both individual modes of punishment and overall systems of punishment must meet to be morally justifiable is that they be compatible with a reasonable person retaining hope both in the present and for his future after punishment. Such a hope standard narrows the scope of legitimate modes of punishment.
Whole-genome sequencing of Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV/HHV8) reveals evidence for two African lineages
Creators: name: Moorad, Razia
name: Perkins, Megan
name: Cheves, Avery
name: Pluta, Linda J
name: Juarez, Angelica
name: Landis, Justin T
name: Dittmer, Dirk P
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2022

description:
Kaposi sarcoma (KS)-associated herpesvirus (KSHV/HHV-8) was first sequenced from the body cavity (BC) lymphoma cell line, BC-1, in 1996. Few other KSHV genomes have been reported. Our knowledge of sequence variation for this virus remains spotty. This study reports additional genomes from historical US patient samples and from African KS biopsies. It describes an assay that spans regions of the virus that cannot be covered by short read sequencing. These include the terminal repeats, the LANA repeats, and the origins of replication. A phylogenetic analysis, based on 107 genomes, identified three distinct clades; one containing isolates from USA/Europe/Japan collected in the 1990s and two of Sub-Saharan Africa isolates collected since 2010. This analysis indicates that the KSHV strains circulating today differ from the isolates collected at the height of the AIDS epidemic. This analysis helps experimental designs and potential vaccine studies.
Validation of Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) measurements of the total, stratospheric, and tropospheric column abundance of ozone
Creators: name: Osterman, G. B.
name: Kulawik, S. S.
name: Worden, H. M.
name: Richards, N. A D.
name: Fisher, B. M.
name: Eldering, A.
name: Shephard, M. W.
name: Froidevaux, L.
name: Labow, G.
name: Luo, M.
name: Herman, R. L.
name: Bowman, K. W.
name: Thompson, Anne M.
Publisher: name: AGU
Year: 2008
Subjects: tropospheric ozone
stratospheric ozone
total column ozone

description: The Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) is an infrared, high-resolution Fourier transform spectrometer which was launched onboard NASA's Aura satellite in 2004 and is providing global, vertically resolved measurements of ozone in the troposphere. TES version 2 (V002) data profiles have been validated in the troposphere and lower stratosphere by way of comparison to ozonesondes and aircraft measurements. TES measurements also have sensitivity throughout the stratosphere, and therefore TES ozone profiles can be integrated to determine the total and stratospheric column in addition to the tropospheric column ozone values. In this work we compare the ozone in the stratosphere measured by TES to observations from the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) instrument in order to show the quality of the TES measurements in the stratosphere. We also compare the determination of a total column value for ozone based on the TES profiles to the column measured by the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI). The TES tropospheric ozone column value is also calculated from the TES profiles and compared with column values determined from ozonesonde data. Column measurements are useful because the errors are markedly reduced from errors at the profile levels and can be used to assess both biases and quality of the TES ozone retrievals. TES observations of total or partial column ozone compare well with the other instruments but tend toward higher values than the other measurements. Specifically, TES is higher than OMI by ?10 Dobson units (DU) for the total ozone column. TES measures higher values in the stratosphere (above 100 hPa) by ?3 DU and measures higher ozone column values (?4 DU) in the troposphere than ozonesondes. While the strength of the TES nadir ozone product is the vertical resolution it provides in the troposphere, a tropospheric column value derived from TES have utility in analyses using or validating tropospheric ozone residual products.
Unsupervised detection and classification of heartbeats using the dissimilarity matrix in PCG signals
Creators: name: Torre-Cruz, J.
name: Martinez-Munoz, D.
name: Ruiz-Reyes, N.
name: Munoz-Montoro, A. J.
name: Puentes-Chiachio, M.
name: Canadas-Quesada, F. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The proposed system consists of a two-stage cascade. The first stage performs a rough heartbeat detection while the second stage refines the previous one, improving the temporal localization and also classifying the heartbeats into types S1 and S2. The first contribution is a novel approach that combines the dissimilarity matrix with the frame-level spectral divergence to locate heartbeats using the repetitiveness shown by the heart sounds and the temporal relationships between the intervals defined by the events S1/S2 and non-S1/S2 (systole and diastole). The second contribution is a verification-correction-classification process based on a sliding window that allows the preservation of the temporal structure of the cardiac cycle in order to be applied in the heart sound classification. The proposed method has been assessed using the open access databases PASCAL, CirCor DigiScope Phonocardiogram and an additional sound mixing procedure considering both Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) and different kinds of clinical ambient noises from a commercial database. The proposed method provides the best detection/classification performance in realistic scenarios where the presence of cardiac anomalies as well as different types of clinical environmental noises are active in the PCG signal. Of note, the promising modelling of the temporal structures of the heart provided by the dissimilarity matrix together with the frame-level spectral divergence, as well as the removal of a significant number of spurious heart events and recovery of missing heart events, both corrected by the proposed verification-correction-classification algorithm, suggest that our proposal is a successful tool to be applied in heart segmentation.
Additional file 3 of Oligodendroglia-derived extracellular vesicles activate autophagy via LC3B/BAG3 to protect against oxidative stress with an enhanced effect for HSPB8 enriched vesicles
Creators: name: Van den Broek, Bram
name: Wuyts, Charlotte
name: Sisto, Angela
name: Pintelon, Isabel
name: Timmermans, Jean-Pierre
name: Somers, Veerle
name: Timmerman, Vincent
name: Hellings, Niels
name: Irobi, Joy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2. OL-EVs and OL-HSPB8-EVs activate autophagy: (A,B) Western blotting analysis of LC3B-II, BAG3, SQSTM1/P62, and HSPB8 in human C20 cells stimulated with OL-EVs or OL-HSPB8-EVs either TNFα/IL1β activated or non-activated. As a positive control, the autophagy inducer rapamycin was used. All conditions were treated with chloroquine to inhibit lysosomal degradation. Protein levels were calculated from at least two independent experiments and normalized to β-actin. Band intensities were determined by quantifying the mean pixel gray values using the ImageJ software. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Statistical significance was determined by using a one-way ANOVA analysis in Graphpad (*P < 0.05, ****P < 0.0001).
Exploiting the Segment Anything Model (SAM) for Lung Segmentation in Chest X-ray Images
Creators: name: de Carvalho, Gabriel Bellon
name: Almeida, Jurandy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Segment Anything Model (SAM), a new AI model from Meta AI released in April 2023, is an ambitious tool designed to identify and separate individual objects within a given image through semantic interpretation. The advanced capabilities of SAM are the result of its training with millions of images and masks, and a few days after its release, several researchers began testing the model on medical images to evaluate its performance in this domain. With this perspective in focus -- i.e., optimizing work in the healthcare field -- this work proposes the use of this new technology to evaluate and study chest X-ray images. The approach adopted for this work, with the aim of improving the model's performance for lung segmentation, involved a transfer learning process, specifically the fine-tuning technique. After applying this adjustment, a substantial improvement was observed in the evaluation metrics used to assess SAM's performance compared to the masks provided by the datasets. The results obtained by the model after the adjustments were satisfactory and similar to cutting-edge neural networks, such as U-Net.
A framework for optical burst switching network design
Creators: name: White, Jolyon
name: Zukerman, Moshe
name: Vu, Hai
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: We analyze optical burst switching (OBS) systems. The analysis leads to a framework which provides guidelines for OBS design. We identify conditions for OBS feasibility and the relationship between burst size, or equivalently burst assembly delay, and throughput, taking into consideration control packet processing and the number of available wavelengths per fibre.
Validation of Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) nadir ozone profiles using ozonesonde measurements
Creators: name: Nassar, Ray
name: Logan, Jennifer A.
name: Worden, Helen M.
name: Megretskaia, Inna A.
name: Bowman, Kevin W.
name: Osterman, Gregory B.
name: Thompson, Anne M.
name: Tarasick, David W.
name: Austin, Shermane
name: Claude, Hans
name: Dubey, Manvendra K.
name: Hocking, Wayne K.
name: Johnson, Bryan J.
name: Joseph, Everette
name: Merrill, John
name: Morris, Gary A.
name: Newchurch, Mike
name: Oltmans, Samuel J.
name: Posny, Françoise
name: Schmidlin, F. J.
name: Vömel, Holger
name: Whiteman, David N.
name: Witte, Jacquelyn C.
Publisher: name: AGU
Year: 2008

description: We compare Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) version 2 (V002) nadir ozone profiles with ozonesonde profiles from the Intercontinental Chemical Transport Experiment Ozonesonde Network Study, the World Ozone and Ultraviolet Data Center, the Global Monitoring Division of the Earth System Research Laboratory, and the Southern Hemisphere Additional Ozonesonde archives. Approximately 1600 coincidences spanning 72.5°S–80.3°N from October 2004 to October 2006 are found. The TES averaging kernel and constraint are applied to the ozonesonde data to account for the TES measurement sensitivity and vertical resolution. TES sonde differences are examined in six latitude zones after excluding profiles with thick high clouds. Values for the bias and standard deviation are determined using correlations of mean values of TES ozone and sonde ozone in the upper troposphere (UT) and lower troposphere (LT). The UT biases range from 2.9 to 10.6 ppbv, and the LT biases range from 3.7 to 9.2 ppbv, excluding the Arctic and Antarctic LT where TES sensitivity is low. A similar approach is used to assess seasonal differences in the northern midlatitudes where the density and frequency of sonde measurements are greatest. These results are briefly compared to TES V001 ozone validation work which also used ozonesondes but was carried out prior to improvements in the radiometric calibration and ozone retrieval in V002. Overall, the large number of TES and sonde comparisons indicate a positive bias of approximately 3–10 ppbv for the TES V002 nadir ozone data set and have helped to identify areas of potential improvement for future retrieval versions.
Correction: Enhancing scanning electrochemical microscopy's potential to probe dynamic co-culture systems via hyperspectral assisted-imaging
Creators: name: Dick, Jeffrey E.
name: Leung, Justin W. C.
name: Deng, Mingchu
name: Glasscott, Matthew W.
name: Goines, Sondrica
Publisher: name: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Year: 2022

description:
Correction for "Enhancing scanning electrochemical microscopy's potential to probe dynamic co-culture systems via hyperspectral assisted-imaging"
Additional file 1 of Meditative practices, stress and sleep among students studying complementary and integrative health: a cross-sectional analysis
Creators: name: Sadowski, Adam
name: Wexler, Ryan S.
name: Hanes, Douglas
name: Buttolph, Lita
name: Torrens, Tediana
name: Moehle, Jillian
name: Sarrar, Hadil
name: Harnett, Joanna
name: Zava, David T.
name: Bradley, Ryan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Additional file 2 of Meditative practices, stress and sleep among students studying complementary and integrative health: a cross-sectional analysis
Creators: name: Sadowski, Adam
name: Wexler, Ryan S.
name: Hanes, Douglas
name: Buttolph, Lita
name: Torrens, Tediana
name: Moehle, Jillian
name: Sarrar, Hadil
name: Harnett, Joanna
name: Zava, David T.
name: Bradley, Ryan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2.