cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Distribution-free and Model-free Multivariate Feature Screening via Multivariate Rank Distance Correlation
Creators: name: Zhao, Shaofei
name: Fu, Guifang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Feature screening approaches are effective in selecting active features from data with ultrahigh dimensionality and increasing complexity; however, the majority of existing feature screening approaches are either restricted to a univariate response or rely on some distribution or model assumptions. In this article, we propose a novel sure independence screening approach based on the multivariate rank distance correlation (MrDc-SIS). The MrDc-SIS achieves multiple desirable properties such as being distribution-free, completely nonparametric, scale-free, robust for outliers or heavy tails, and sensitive for hidden structures. Moreover, the MrDc-SIS can be used to screen either univariate or multivariate responses and either one dimensional or multi-dimensional predictors. We establish the asymptotic sure screening consistency property of the MrDc-SIS under a mild condition by lifting previous assumptions about the finite moments. Simulation studies demonstrate that MrDc-SIS outperforms three other closely relevant approaches under various settings. We also apply the MrDc-SIS approach to a multi-omics ovarian carcinoma data downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).
Spinning super-massive objects in galactic nuclei up to $a_* > 1$
Creators: name: Bambi, Cosimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nowadays we believe that a typical galaxy contains about $10^7$ stellar-mass black holes and a single super-massive black hole at its center. According to general relativity, these objects are characterized solely by their mass $M$ and by their spin parameter $a_*$. A fundamental limit for a black hole in general relativity is the Kerr bound $|a_*| \le 1$, but the accretion process can spin it up to $a_* \approx 0.998$. If a compact object is not a black hole, the Kerr bound does not hold and in this letter I provide some evidences suggesting that the accretion process could spin the body up to $a_* > 1$. While this fact should be negligible for stellar-mass objects, some of the super-massive objects at the center of galaxies may actually be super-spinning bodies exceeding the Kerr bound. Such a possibility can be tested by gravitational wave detectors like LISA or by sub-millimeter very long baseline interferometry facilities.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures. v2: refereed version
The rigidity of sharp spectral gap in nonnegatively curved spaces
Creators: name: Ketterer, Christian
name: Kitabeppu, Yu
name: Lakzian, Sajjad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 53C21, 53C23, 53C24, Secondary: 30L99, 46E36

description: We extend the celebrated rigidity of the sharp first spectral gap under $Ric\ge0$ to compact infinitesimally Hilbertian spaces with non-negative (weak, also called synthetic) Ricci curvature and bounded (synthetic) dimension i.e. to so-called compact $RCD(0,N)$ spaces; this is a category of metric measure spaces which in particular includes (Ricci) non-negatively curved Riemannian manifolds, Alexandrov spaces, Ricci limit spaces, Bakry-Émery manifolds along with products, certain quotients and measured Gromov-Hausdorff limits of such spaces. In precise terms, we show in such spaces, $λ= \frac{π^{2}}{\mathrm{diam}^2}$ if and only if the space is one dimensional with a constant density function. We use new techniques mixing Sobolev theory and singular $1D$-localization which might also be of independent interest. As a consequence of the rigidity in the singular setting, we also derive almost rigidity results.
description: 63 pages; no figures, shortened journal version
Il ruolo del design nella visualizzazione scientifica
Creators: name: Fonseca, Max
Publisher: name: Scuola Universitaria della Svizzera Italiana (SUPSI)
Year: 2021

description: Negli ultimi decenni la relazione tra design e scienza si è rafforzata in diversi settori. Questo lavoro cerca di indagare come designers e scienziati possano collaborare allo sviluppo di prodotti visivi che comunichino la complessità della ricerca senza impoverirla, deviarla o snaturarla; inoltre, indaga un metodo di progettazione che faciliti la collaborazione tra questi professionisti e lo applica nello sviluppo di una campagna di divulgazione scientifica sulla meromissi crenogenica del lago di Cadagno, nella Val Piora (Svizzera).
FAIRness of Chemical Data in Life Sciences R&D
Creators: name: Doerner, Thomas
name: Blanke, Gerd
name: Lynch, Nick
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: FAIR data
FAIR chemistry
Chemical data FAIRness
FAIR
Chemical data
Chemical data management
Chemical data standards
Chemical master data
Chemical structure representation
Chemical reaction
Chemistry metadata
GCC2020
GCC2020Mainz

description: In recent years, there has been an increasing drive towards scientific data not only being utilized for the specific context for which it has been created, but that data is findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable beyond, by both humans and machines. This paradigm has been captured and formalized in the FAIR principles.
 We discuss relevance and practical aspects of applying FAIR principles to chemical data in life sciences R&D.
description: {"references": ["Blanke, Gerd, Doerner, Thomas, & Lynch, Nick. (2020, August 3). Chemical Data in Life Sciences R&D and the FAIR Principles. Zenodo. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3970745"]}
Fluctuations in some climate parameters
Creators: name: Erlykin, A. D.
name: Laken, B. A.
name: Wolfendale, A. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is argument as to the extent to which there has been an increase over the past few decades in the frequency of the extremes of climatic parameters, such as temperature, storminess, precipitation, etc, an obvious point being that Global Warming might be responsible. Here we report results on those parameters of which we have had experience during the last few years: Global surface temperature, Cloud Cover and the MODIS Liquid Cloud Fraction. In no case we have found indications that fluctuations of these parameters have increased with time.
West African pan-Africanists and the memorialization of Edward Wilmot Blyden
Creators: name: Wilford, Aaron
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2021

description: This thesis examines the debates between West African intellectuals over Pan-Africanism and African nationalism in the early twentieth century. It focuses on intellectuals in three major port cities: Freetown, Lagos, and Cape Coast. These intellectuals practiced different forms of Pan-Africanism that suited the political circumstances of their respective cities. In 1912, they asserted their separate Pan-African visions through the memorialization of Edward Wilmot Blyden, the “Father of Pan-Africanism,” after his death the same year. West African intellectuals published newspapers which acted as forums for public discourse and political organization. When Blyden died, newspapers published obituaries that discussed his career and the significance of his life. Each city, and each newspaper, had a slightly different portrayal of Blyden. The different versions of Blyden printed in West African newspapers reflected different strains of Pan-African thought. Intellectuals manipulated Blyden’s legacy, highlighting certain aspects of his work and criticizing others, to communicate and legitimize their own views, on empire, race, and nationalism. In 1913 and 1914, intellectuals detailed their preferred courses for West Africa’s future at public ceremonies commemorating Blyden. There were multiple Pan-African conversations in West Africa.
title: ÐÐ·Ð°Ð¸Ð¼Ð¾ÑÐ²ÑÐ·Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð·Ð° "Ð¯" Ð¸ ÑÑÐµÐ¿ÐµÐ½Ð¸ Ð²Ð¾Ð²Ð»ÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð² ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿ÑÑÑÐµÑÐ½ÑÐµ Ð¸Ð³ÑÑ Ñ ÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ñ ÑÑ Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐºÐ¾Ð»Ñ
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð±Ð°ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð°Ð²ÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: The relationship of the image of "I" and the degree of involvement in computer games in primary school students
Creators: name: Ð¨Ð°ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°, Ð®Ð»Ð¸Ñ
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2019
Subjects: Ñ-Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð·
Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð·Ð°
Ð¿ÑÑÐ¸ÐºÐ»Ð°ÑÑÐ½Ð¸Ðº
Ð²Ð¾Ð²Ð»ÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÐ¹
i-image
features of the image
fifth grader
involved

description: Ð Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐµ Ð¸Ð·ÑÑÐµÐ½Ñ ÑÐµÐ¾ÑÐµÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ¾Ð´Ñ Ðº ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¯-Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð·Ð°. Ð Ð°ÑÑÐ¼Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¯-Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð·Ð° Ñ ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð² Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐºÐ¾Ð»Ñ (Ð¿ÑÑÐ¸ÐºÐ»Ð°ÑÑÐ½Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð²), ÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐµ Ð²Ð¾Ð²Ð»ÐµÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð² ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿ÑÑÑÐµÑÐ½ÑÐµ Ð¸Ð³ÑÑ. ÐÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¾ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð²Ð·Ð°Ð¸Ð¼Ð¾ÑÐ²ÑÐ·Ð¸ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð·Ð° Â«Ð¯Â» Ð¸ ÑÑÐµÐ¿ÐµÐ½Ð¸ Ð²Ð¾Ð²Ð»ÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿ÑÑÑÐµÑÐ½ÑÐ¼Ð¸ Ð¸Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¸.
description: In this paper, theoretical approaches to the formation of Self-image are studied. The features of the Self-image of primary school students (fifth graders) who are involved in computer games. The study of the relationship between the image of "I" and the degree of involvement in computer games.
title: ÐÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐ¸Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½ÑÑ Ñ Ð°ÑÐ°ÐºÑÐµÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¸Ðº Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ð¾ÐºÐ¾Ð½ spun-ÑÐ¸Ð¿Ð°
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð±Ð°ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð°Ð²ÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Investigation of the polarization characteristics of spun-type optical fiber
Creators: name: ÐÐ´Ð°Ð½Ð¾Ð², ÐÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2023
Subjects: spun-Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ð¾ÐºÐ½Ð¾
Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ð¾ÐºÐ¾Ð½Ð½Ð¾-Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð´Ð°ÑÑÐ¸Ðº ÑÐ¾ÐºÐ°
ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐ¸Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸
ÑÑÐµÑÐ° Ð¿ÑÐ°Ð½ÐºÐ°ÑÐµ
ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ Ð¼Ð°ÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð´Ð¶Ð¾Ð½ÑÐ°
spun-fiber
fiber-optic current sensor
polarization state
poincare sphere
jones matrix formalism

description: Ð­ÐºÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÑÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ñ Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ ÑÐ°ÑÐ¿ÑÐ¾ÑÑÑÐ°Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐ¸Ð·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¸Ð·Ð»ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ spun-Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ð¾ÐºÐ½Ñ, Ð² ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐ¸Ñ ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐ¸Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ ÑÐ²ÐµÑÐ° Ð¿ÑÐ¸ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ½ÑÑ ÑÐ³Ð»Ð°Ñ Ð²Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð° Ð»Ð¸Ð½ÐµÐ¹Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐ¸Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð² spun-Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ð¾ÐºÐ½Ð¾. ÐÑÐ»Ð¸ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð²Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ ÑÐ»Ð»Ð¸Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¸ Ð°Ð·Ð¸Ð¼ÑÑÐ° ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐ¸Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ ÑÐ²ÐµÑÐ° Ð² spun-Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ð¾ÐºÐ½Ðµ Ð¿ÑÐ¸ Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¸ ÐµÐ³Ð¾ ÑÐµÐ¼Ð¿ÐµÑÐ°ÑÑÑÑ. Ð ÑÐµÐ·ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÑÐµ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¹ Ð±ÑÐ»Ð¾ Ð¾Ð±Ð½Ð°ÑÑÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð¾, ÑÑÐ¾ ÑÐ¾Ð±ÑÑÐ²ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÐµ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐ¸Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½ÑÐµ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´Ñ spun-Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ð¾ÐºÐ½Ð° SHB1500(8.9/125) Ð±Ð»Ð¸Ð·ÐºÐ¸ Ðº ÐºÑÑÐ³Ð¾Ð²ÑÐ¼, Ð½Ð¾ Ð²ÑÑ-ÑÐ°ÐºÐ¸ ÑÐ²Ð»ÑÑÑÑÑ ÑÐ»Ð»Ð¸Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¼Ð¸, ÑÑÐ¾ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ Ðº ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÑÐ°ÑÑÐ° Ð¸Ð½ÑÐµÑÑÐµÑÐµÐ½ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ¸Ð³Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð° Ð² Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ð¾ÐºÐ¾Ð½Ð½Ð¾-Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¼ Ð´Ð°ÑÑÐ¸ÐºÐµ ÑÐ¾ÐºÐµ Ð¸ Ð¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸ÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÐµÐ³Ð¾ Ð´Ð¸Ð½Ð°Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð´Ð¸Ð°Ð¿Ð°Ð·Ð¾Ð½Ð°. ÐÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÑ Ð¾ÑÐºÑÑÑÑÐµ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð·Ð¾Ð²Ð°ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½ÑÐµ ÑÐµÑÑÑÑÑ Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¸ÑÐºÐ° Ð¸ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð° Ð¸Ð½ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸. Ð¡ÑÐµÐ´ÑÑÐ²Ð° Ð°Ð²ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð½Ðµ Ð¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÑ. ÐÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¾Ð±ÐµÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Excel.
description: The features of the propagation of polarized optical radiation along a spun-fiber, in particular, the evolution of polarization state of light at different angles of input of linear polarization into a spun-fiber, are experimentally studied. The dependences of the ellipticity and azimuth of the polarization state of light in a spun-fiber with a change in its temperature were obtained. As a result of the research, it was found that the eigenmodes of the spun-fiber SHB1500(8.9/125) are close to circular, but still elliptical, which can lead to a contrast decrease of the interference signal in the fiber-optic current sensor and limit its dynamic range. Open educational resources and information search and analysis programs were used. Automation tools were not used. Excel software has been applied.
The Physical Origins of The Morphology-Density Relation: Evidence for Gas Stripping from the SDSS
Creators: name: van der Wel, Arjen
name: Bell, Eric F.
name: Holden, Bradford P.
name: Skibba, Ramin A.
name: Hans-Walter-Rix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a physical interpretation and explanation of the morphology-density relation for galaxies, drawing on stellar masses, star formation rates, axis ratios and group halo masses from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We first re-cast the classical morphology-density relation in more quantitative terms, using low star formation rate (quiescence) as a proxy for early-type morphology and dark matter halo mass from a group catalog as a proxy for environmental density: for galaxies of a given stellar mass the quiescent fraction is found to increase with increasing dark matter halo mass. Our novel result is that - at a given stellar mass - quiescent galaxies are significantly flatter in dense environments, implying a higher fraction of disk galaxies. Supposing that the denser environments differ simply by a higher incidence of quiescent disk galaxies that are structurally similar to star-forming disk galaxies of similar mass, explains simultaneously and quantitatively these quiescence -nvironment and shape-environment relations. Our findings add considerable weight to the slow removal of gas as the main physical driver of the morphology-density relation, at the expense of other explanations.
description: published in ApJ: http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010ApJ...714.1779V
Translated sums of primitive sets
Creators: name: Lichtman, Jared Duker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11N25, 11Y60 (Primary), 11A05, 11M32 (Secondary)

description: The Erdős primitive set conjecture states that the sum $f(A) = \sum_{a\in A}\frac{1}{a\log a}$, ranging over any primitive set $A$ of positive integers, is maximized by the set of prime numbers. Recently Laib, Derbal, and Mechik proved that the translated Erdős conjecture for the sum $f(A,h) = \sum_{a\in A}\frac{1}{a(\log a+h)}$ is false starting at $h=81$, by comparison with semiprimes. In this note we prove that such falsehood occurs already at $h= 1.04\cdots$, and show this translate is best possible for semiprimes. We also obtain results for translated sums of $k$-almost primes with larger $k$.
description: incorporated referee comments, corrected $h_\infty = .803...$, and cited earlier 1986 reference to the Erd\H{o}s primitive set conjecture
Microscopic analysis of the valence band and impurity band theories of (Ga,Mn)As
Creators: name: Masek, J.
name: Maca, F.
name: Kudrnovsky, J.
name: Makarovsky, O.
name: Eaves, L.
name: Campion, R. P.
name: Edmonds, K. W.
name: Rushforth, A. W.
name: Foxon, C. T.
name: Gallagher, B. L.
name: Novak, V.
name: Sinova, Jairo
name: Jungwirth, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze microscopically the valence and impurity band models of ferromagnetic (Ga,Mn)As. We find that the tight-binding Anderson approach with conventional parameterization and the full potential LDA+U calculations give a very similar picture of states near the Fermi energy which reside in an exchange-split sp-d hybridized valence band with dominant orbital character of the host semiconductor; this microscopic spectral character is consistent with the physical premise of the k.p kinetic-exchange model. On the other hand, the various models with a band structure comprising an impurity band detached from the valence band assume mutually incompatible microscopic spectral character. By adapting the tight-binding Anderson calculations individually to each of the impurity band pictures in the single Mn impurity limit and then by exploring the entire doping range we find that a detached impurity band does not persist in any of these models in ferromagnetic (Ga,Mn)As.
description: 29 pages, 25 figures
Supplementary methods, Figures S1- S3 and Tables S1- S3 from Wing serial homologues and the diversification of insect outgrowths: insights from the pupae of scarab beetles
Creators: name: Hu, Yonggang
name: Moczek, Armin P.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Modification of serially homologous structures is a common avenue towards functional innovation in developmental evolution, yet ancestral affinities among serial homologues may be obscured as structure-specific modifications accumulate over time. We sought to assess the degree of homology to wings of three types of body wall projections commonly observed in scarab beetles: (i) the dorsomedial support structures found on the second and third thoracic segments of pupae, (ii) the abdominal support structures found bilaterally in most abdominal segments of pupae, and (iii) the prothoracic horns which depending on species and sex may be restricted to pupae or also found in adults. We functionally investigated 14 genes within, as well as two genes outside, the canonical wing gene regulatory network to compare and contrast their role in the formation of each of the three presumed wing serial homologues. We found 11 of 14 wing genes to be functionally required for the proper formation of lateral and dorsal support structures, respectively, and 9 for the formation of prothoracic horns. At the same time, we document multiple instances of divergence in gene function across our focal structures. Collectively, our results support the hypothesis that dorsal and lateral support structures as well as prothoracic horns share a developmental origin with insect wings. Our findings suggest that the morphological and underlying gene regulatory diversification of wing serial homologues across species, life stages and segments has contributed significantly to the extraordinary diversity of arthropod appendages and outgrowths.
Doctoral thesis recital (piano (lecture))
Creators: name: Malikov, Alexander
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2019
Subjects: Piano music--Analysis, appreciation
Piano music
Bashaw, Howard, 1957- 15 for piano

description: 15 for piano. I., Caccia, canon a2 at the 8va ; II. Gallery shorts no. 2 : adrift, beneath a solace of stars ; III., Gallery Shorts no. 3 : Ouroboros ; IV., The dreaded lyries of Sirenum Scopuli ; V., Gallery shorts no. 4 : Checkered present ; VI., Gallery shorts no. 1 : Homage, Manet ; VIII., Dita Battenti ; IX., Merciless, the deadly narcissist pool ; XI., Gallery shorts no. 6 : Then again ; XII : the kaleidoscope returne. / Howard Bashaw.
T cell derived HIV-1 is present in the CSF in the face of suppressive antiretroviral therapy
Creators: name: Lustig, Gila
name: Cele, Sandile
name: Karim, Farina
name: Derache, Anne
name: Ngoepe, Abigail
name: Khan, Khadija
name: Gosnell, Bernadett I.
name: Moosa, Mahomed-Yunus S.
name: Ntshuba, Ntombi
name: Marais, Suzaan
name: Jeena, Prakash M.
name: Govender, Katya
name: Adamson, John
name: Kløverpris, Henrik
name: Gupta, Ravindra K.
name: Harrichandparsad, Rohen
name: Patel, Vinod B.
name: Sigal, Alex
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Research Article
Biology and life sciences
Medicine and health sciences

description: HIV cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) escape, where HIV is suppressed in blood but detectable in CSF, occurs when HIV persists in the CNS despite antiretroviral therapy (ART). To determine the virus producing cell type and whether lowered CSF ART levels are responsible for CSF escape, we collected blood and CSF from 156 neurosymptomatic participants from Durban, South Africa. We observed that 28% of participants with an undetectable HIV blood viral load showed CSF escape. We detected host cell surface markers on the HIV envelope to determine the cellular source of HIV in participants on the first line regimen of efavirenz, emtricitabine, and tenofovir. We confirmed CD26 as a marker which could differentiate between T cells and macrophages and microglia, and quantified CD26 levels on the virion surface, comparing the result to virus from in vitro infected T cells or macrophages. The measured CD26 level was consistent with the presence of T cell produced virus. We found no significant differences in ART concentrations between CSF escape and fully suppressed individuals in CSF or blood, and did not observe a clear association with drug resistance mutations in CSF virus which would allow HIV to replicate. Hence, CSF HIV in the face of ART may at least partly originate in CD4+ T cell populations.
Node-based Generalized Friendship Paradox fails
Creators: name: Evtushenko, Anna
name: Kleinberg, Jon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Friendship Paradox--the principle that "your friends have more friends than you do"--is a combinatorial fact about degrees in a graph; but given that many web-based social activities are correlated with a user's degree, this fact has been taken more broadly to suggest the empirical principle that "your friends are also more active than you are." This Generalized Friendship Paradox, the notion that any attribute positively correlated with degree obeys the Friendship Paradox, has been established mathematically in a network-level version that essentially aggregates uniformly over all the edges of a network. Here we show, however, that the natural node-based version of the Generalized Friendship Paradox--which aggregates over nodes, not edges--may fail, even for degree-attribute correlations approaching 1. Whether this version holds depends not only on degree-attribute correlations, but also on the underlying network structure and thus can't be said to be a universal phenomenon. We establish both positive and negative results for this node-based version of the Generalized Friendship Paradox and consider its implications for social-network data.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
Doctoral thesis recital (double bass)
Creators: name: Zhang, Xinyue
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2019
Subjects: Double bass and piano music
Sonatas (Double bass and piano)

description: Aria for contrabass and piano / Tetsuo Kawakami -- Sonata for double bass and piano / Paul Hindemith -- A Carmen fantasy for double bass and piano / Frank Proto
Finite-size corrections for quantum strings on AdS_4 x CP^3
Creators: name: Astolfi, Davide
name: Puletti, Valentina Giangreco M.
name: Grignani, Gianluca
name: Harmark, Troels
name: Orselli, Marta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the calculation of curvature corrections to the pp-wave energy of type IIA string states on AdS_4 x CP^3 initiated in arXiv:0807.1527. Using the near pp-wave Hamiltonian found in arXiv:0912.2257, we compute the first non-vanishing correction to the energy of a set of bosonic string states at order 1/R^2, where R is the curvature radius of the background. The leading curvature corrections give rise to cubic, order 1/R, and quartic, order 1/R^2, terms in the Hamiltonian, for which we implement the appropriate normal ordering prescription. Including the contributions from all possible fermionic and bosonic string states, we find that there exist logarithmic divergences in the sums over mode numbers which cancel between the cubic and quartic Hamiltonian. We show that the cubic Hamiltonian naturally requires that the cutoff for summing over heavy modes must be twice the one for light modes. With this prescription the strong-weak coupling interpolating function h(λ), entering the magnon dispersion relation, does not receive a one-loop correction, in agreement with the algebraic curve spectrum. However, the single magnon dispersion relation exhibits finite-size exponential corrections.
description: Published version, references added. A discussion on single oscillator states included
Finite Callan-Symanzik renormalisation for multiple scalar fields
Creators: name: Mooij, Sander
name: Shaposhnikov, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a finite, divergence free approach to renormalisation originally proposed in the early '70s by Blaer and Young, and Callan. It is based on equations similar to the Callan-Symanzik equations, and introduced in the context of $λϕ^4$ theory. We generalise this method to the case of two interacting scalar fields, with obvious generalisation to an arbitrary number of fields.
description: v2: added one paragraph to subsection 4.2.2. v3: added further clarification, slightly reorganised contents, extends the published version
Additional file 1 of Machine learning of plasma metabolome identifies biomarker panels for metabolic syndrome: findings from the China Suboptimal Health Cohort
Creators: name: Wang, Hao
name: Wang, Youxin
name: Li, Xingang
name: Deng, Xuan
name: Kong, Yuanyuan
name: Wang, Wei
name: Zhou, Yong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. The stacked NMR spectra of plasma samples from 205 MetS patients and 806 healthy controls.
Exact infinite-time statistics of the Loschmidt echo for a quantum quench
Creators: name: Venuti, Lorenzo Campos
name: Jacobson, N. Tobias
name: Santra, Siddhartha
name: Zanardi, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The equilibration dynamics of a closed quantum system is encoded in the long-time distribution function of generic observables. In this paper we consider the Loschmidt echo generalized to finite temperature, and show that we can obtain an exact expression for its long-time distribution for a closed system described by a quantum XY chain following a sudden quench. In the thermodynamic limit the logarithm of the Loschmidt echo becomes normally distributed, whereas for small quenches in the opposite, quasi-critical regime, the distribution function acquires a universal double-peaked form indicating poor equilibration. These findings, obtained by a central limit theorem-type result, extend to completely general models in the small-quench regime.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
$ S $-unit values of $ G_n + G_m $ in function fields
Creators: name: Heintze, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we consider a simple linear recurrence sequence $ G_n $ defined over a function field in one variable over the field of complex numbers. We prove an upper bound on the indices $ n $ and $ m $ such that $ G_n + G_m $ is an $ S $-unit. This is a function field analogue of already known results in number fields.
description: 6 pages
The Amyloid Fibril-Forming β-Sheet Regions of Amyloid β and α-Synuclein Preferentially Interact with the Molecular Chaperone 14-3-3ζ
Creators: name: Williams, Danielle M.
name: Thorn, David C.
name: Dobson, Christopher M.
name: Meehan, Sarah
name: Jackson, Sophie E.
name: Woodcock, Joanna M.
name: Carver, John A.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: 14-3-3 proteins
molecular chaperone
amyloid β
α-synuclein
NMR spectroscopy
amyloid fibril

description: 14-3-3 proteins are abundant, intramolecular proteins that play a pivotal role in cellular signal transduction by interacting with phosphorylated ligands. In addition, they are molecular chaperones that prevent protein unfolding and aggregation under cellular stress conditions in a similar manner to the unrelated small heat-shock proteins. In vivo, amyloid β (Aβ) and α-synuclein (α-syn) form amyloid fibrils in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, respectively, a process that is intimately linked to the diseases’ progression. The 14-3-3ζ isoform potently inhibited in vitro fibril formation of the 40-amino acid form of Aβ (Aβ40) but had little effect on α-syn aggregation. Solution-phase NMR spectroscopy of 15N-labeled Aβ40 and A53T α-syn determined that unlabeled 14-3-3ζ interacted preferentially with hydrophobic regions of Aβ40 (L11-H21 and G29-V40) and α-syn (V3-K10 and V40-K60). In both proteins, these regions adopt β-strands within the core of the amyloid fibrils prepared in vitro as well as those isolated from the inclusions of diseased individuals. The interaction with 14-3-3ζ is transient and occurs at the early stages of the fibrillar aggregation pathway to maintain the native, monomeric, and unfolded structure of Aβ40 and α-syn. The N-terminal regions of α-syn interacting with 14-3-3ζ correspond with those that interact with other molecular chaperones as monitored by in-cell NMR spectroscopy.
Additional file 1 of Possibility of mpox viral transmission and control from high-risk to the general population: a modeling study
Creators: name: Yang, Shiting
name: Guo, Xiaohao
name: Zhao, Zeyu
name: Abudunaibi, Buasiyamu
name: Zhao, Yunkang
name: Rui, Jia
name: Wang, Yao
name: Song, Wentao
name: Wei, Hongjie
name: Chen, Tianmu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary material.
Learning MPC for Interaction-Aware Autonomous Driving: A Game-Theoretic Approach
Creators: name: Evens, Brecht
name: Schuurmans, Mathijs
name: Patrinos, Panagiotis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49N90, 93C40, 91A12, 91A50, 68T05

description: We consider the problem of interaction-aware motion planning for automated vehicles in general traffic situations. We model the interaction between the controlled vehicle and surrounding road users using a generalized potential game, in which each road user is assumed to minimize a common cost function subject to shared (collision avoidance) constraints. We propose a quadratic penalty method to deal with the shared constraints and solve the resulting optimal control problem online using an Augmented Lagrangian method based on PANOC. Secondly, we present a simple methodology for learning preferences and constraints of other road users online, based on observed behavior. Through extensive simulations in a highway merging scenario, we demonstrate the practical efficacy of the overall approach as well as the benefits of the proposed online learning scheme.
description: Accepted at 20th European Control Conference (ECC22); extended version
Conditional central limit theorem via martingale approximation
Creators: name: Peligrad, Magda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 60F17, secondary 60J10

description: In this paper we survey and further study partial sums of a stationary process via approximation with a martingale with stationary differences. Such an approximation is useful for transferring from the martingale to the original process the conditional central limit theorem. We study both approximations in L_2 and in L_1. The results complement the work of Dedecker Merlevede and Volny (2007), Zhao and Woodroofe (2008), Gordin and Peligrad (2009). The method provides an unitary treatment of many limiting results for dependent random variables including classes of mixing sequences, additive functionals of Markov chains and linear processes.
description: 16 pages
Textes et discours dans l’entreprise
Creators: name: Britta, Thörle
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Siegen
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 440 Französisch, romanische Sprachen allgemein
subject: communication dans l’organisation
subject: langage et travail
subject: communication technique
subject: genres textuels et discursifs
subject: réunion de travail

description: .
Carbon Nanotube Wearable Sensors for Health Diagnostics.
Creators: name: Rdest, Monika
name: Janas, Dawid
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Sensors
Carbon Nanotube Wearables
Health Diagnostics
Humans
Nanotubes, Carbon
Electric Conductivity
Quality of Life
Textiles
Wearable Electronic Devices

description: This perspective article highlights a recent surge of interest in the application of textiles containing carbon nanotube (CNT) sensors for human health monitoring. Modern life puts more and more pressure on humans, which translates into an increased number of various health disorders. Unfortunately, this effect either decreases the quality of life or shortens it prematurely. A possible solution to this problem is to employ sensors to monitor various body functions and indicate an upcoming disease likelihood at its early stage. A broad spectrum of materials is currently under investigation for this purpose, some of which already entered the market. One of the most promising materials in this field are CNTs. They are flexible and of high electrical conductivity, which can be modulated upon several forms of stimulation. The article begins with an illustration of techniques for how wearable sensors can be built from them. Then, their application potential for tracking various health parameters is presented. Finally, the article ends with a summary of this field's progress and a vision of the key directions to domesticate this concept.
Mi sono comportato bene? Autovalutazione e valutazione tra pari in relazione con la consapevolezza del proprio comportamento
Creators: name: Delcò, Laura
Publisher: name: Scuola Universitaria della Svizzera Italiana (SUPSI)
Year: 2019
Subjects: Consapevolezza
comportamento
autovalutazione
valutazione tra pari

description: La presente Tesi di Bachelor affronta il tema della consapevolezza dei bambini rispetto al proprio comportamento nell’ambiente scolastico. Con questo lavoro di ricerca si è voluto indagare se la proposta di momenti di autovalutazione e valutazione tra pari, possa aiutare i bambini a essere più consapevoli del loro modo di essere e di agire. Per la raccolta dei dati sono state somministrate delle rubriche che i bambini hanno compilato per entrambe le tipologie di valutazione, a queste si sono aggiunte delle discussioni plenarie e delle mini-interviste individuali. Dai risultati ottenuti emerge che i bambini, avendo degli indicatori a disposizione, sono in grado di effettuare, con maggior facilità, delle autovalutazioni in buona parte corrispondenti alla valutazione del docente. Al termine del percorso si è notato che per alcuni alunni gli indicatori presentati sono diventati un modello con cui confrontarsi. Nei diversi interventi proposti si è potuto osservare che i bambini hanno faticato molto ad essere oggettivi nel valutare i compagni e allo stesso tempo nell’accettare un riscontro dai pari. La fase di confronto tra i diversi punti di vista si è rilevata critica, essa infatti necessita di essere guidata dall’adulto, affinché se ne possano trarre dei benefici. Relatore: Andrea Plata
Mechanical adaptation of brachiopod shells via hydration-induced structural changes.
Creators: name: Ihli, Johannes
name: Schenk, Anna S
name: Rosenfeldt, Sabine
name: Wakonig, Klaus
name: Holler, Mirko
name: Falini, Giuseppe
name: Pasquini, Luca
name: Delacou, Eugénia
name: Buckman, Jim
name: Glen, Thomas S
name: Kress, Thomas
name: Tsai, Esther H R
name: Reid, David G
name: Duer, Melinda J
name: Cusack, Maggie
name: Nudelman, Fabio
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021

description: The function-optimized properties of biominerals arise from the hierarchical organization of primary building blocks. Alteration of properties in response to environmental stresses generally involves time-intensive processes of resorption and reprecipitation of mineral in the underlying organic scaffold. Here, we report that the load-bearing shells of the brachiopod Discinisca tenuis are an exception to this process. These shells can dynamically modulate their mechanical properties in response to a change in environment, switching from hard and stiff when dry to malleable when hydrated within minutes. Using ptychographic X-ray tomography, electron microscopy and spectroscopy, we describe their hierarchical structure and composition as a function of hydration to understand the structural motifs that generate this adaptability. Key is a complementary set of structural modifications, starting with the swelling of an organic matrix on the micron level via nanocrystal reorganization and ending in an intercalation process on the molecular level in response to hydration.
Unification of Radio Galaxies and Their Accretion/Jet Properties
Creators: name: Wu, Qingwen
name: Xu, Ya-Di
name: Cao, Xinwu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the relation between black hole mass, M_bh, and jet power, Q_jet, for a sample of BL Lacs and radio quasars. We find that BL Lacs are separated from radio quasars by the FR I/II dividing line in M_bh-Q_jet plane, which strongly supports the unification scheme of FR I/BL Lac and FR II/radio quasar. The Eddington ratio distribution of BL Lacs and radio quasars exhibits a bimodal nature with a rough division at L_bol/L_Edd~0.01, which imply that they may have different accretion modes. We calculate the jet power extracted from advection dominated accretion flow (ADAF), and find that it require dimensionless angular momentum of black hole j~0.9-0.99 to reproduce the dividing line between FR I/II or BL Lac/radio quasar if dimensionless accretion rate mdot=0.01 is adopted, which is required by above bimodal distribution of Eddington ratios. Our results suggest that black holes in radio galaxies are rapidly spinning.
description: To appear JAA in June
Training quantum measurement devices to discriminate unknown non-orthogonal quantum states
Creators: name: Concha, D.
name: Pereira, L.
name: Zambrano, L.
name: Delgado, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here, we study the problem of decoding information transmitted through unknown quantum states. We assume that Alice encodes an alphabet into a set of orthogonal quantum states, which are then transmitted to Bob. However, the quantum channel that mediates the transmission maps the orthogonal states into non-orthogonal states, possibly mixed. If an accurate model of the channel is unavailable, then the states received by Bob are unknown. In order to decode the transmitted information we propose to train a measurement device to achieve the smallest possible error in the discrimination process. This is achieved by supplementing the quantum channel with a classical one, which allows the transmission of information required for the training, and resorting to a noise-tolerant optimization algorithm. We demonstrate the training method in the case of minimum-error discrimination and show that it achieves error probabilities very close to the optimal one. In particular, in the case of two unknown pure states our proposal approaches the Helstrom bound. A similar result holds for a larger number of states in higher dimensions. We also show that a reduction of the search space, which is used in the training process, leads to a considerable reduction in the required resources. Finally, we apply our proposal to the case of the dephasing channel reaching an accurate value of the optimal error probability.
Sicherheit im öffentlichen Raum: Eine sprach- und kulturvergleichende Diskursanalyse am Beispiel des Körperscanners (2009–2012)
Creators: name: Habscheid, Stephan
name: Thörle, Britta
name: Wilton, Antje
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Siegen
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 400 Sprache, Linguistik
subject: Diskursanalyse

description: This contribution explores the discursive practices employed in public discussion about security in three European countries: Germany, France and the UK. Initiated by a thwarted terrorist attack on a flight from Amsterdam to Detroit, European parliaments as well as the media discussed the (re)introduction of body scanners as part of the airport security measures. The focus of attention in this study lies on the cultural and linguistic comparison of discursively constructed concepts of security and safety, the criteria and selection procedures for scanning air passengers and the representation of public checkpoints including the deployed new technologies based on ubiquitous computing.
Efficient Sampling Policy for Selecting a Good Enough Subset
Creators: name: Zhang, Gongbo
name: Chen, Bin
name: Jia, Qing-shan
name: Peng, Yijie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The note studies the problem of selecting a good enough subset out of a finite number of alternatives under a fixed simulation budget. Our work aims to maximize the posterior probability of correctly selecting a good subset. We formulate the dynamic sampling decision as a stochastic control problem in a Bayesian setting. In an approximate dynamic programming paradigm, we propose a sequential sampling policy based on value function approximation. We analyze the asymptotic property of the proposed sampling policy. Numerical experiments demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed procedure.
Synaptic tau: A pathological or physiological phenomenon?
Creators: name: Robbins, Miranda
name: Clayton, Emma
name: Kaminski Schierle, Gabriele S
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Synapses
Memory
Plasticity
Tau
Neurodegeneration
Alzheimer’s disease

description: Funder: infinitus china ltd.
description: In this review, we discuss the synaptic aspects of Tau pathology occurring during Alzheimer's disease (AD) and how this may relate to memory impairment, a major hallmark of AD. Whilst the clinical diagnosis of AD patients is a loss of working memory and long-term declarative memory, the histological diagnosis is the presence of neurofibrillary tangles of hyperphosphorylated Tau and Amyloid-beta plaques. Tau pathology spreads through synaptically connected neurons to impair synaptic function preceding the formation of neurofibrillary tangles, synaptic loss, axonal retraction and cell death. Alongside synaptic pathology, recent data suggest that Tau has physiological roles in the pre- or post- synaptic compartments. Thus, we have seen a shift in the research focus from Tau as a microtubule-stabilising protein in axons, to Tau as a synaptic protein with roles in accelerating spine formation, dendritic elongation, and in synaptic plasticity coordinating memory pathways. We collate here the myriad of emerging interactions and physiological roles of synaptic Tau, and discuss the current evidence that synaptic Tau contributes to pathology in AD.
Generalized cohomological field theories in the higher order formalism
Creators: name: Dotsenko, Vladimir
name: Shadrin, Sergey
name: Tamaroff, Pedro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In the classical Batalin--Vilkovisky formalism, the BV operator $Δ$ is a differential operator of order two with respect to the commutative product. In the differential graded setting, it is known that if the BV operator is homotopically trivial, then there is a tree level cohomological field theory induced on the homology; this is a manifestation of the fact that the homotopy quotient of the operad of BV algebras by $Δ$ is represented by the operad of hypercommutative algebras. In this paper, we study generalized Batalin--Vilkovisky algebras where the operator $Δ$ is of the given finite order. In that case, we unravel a new interesting algebraic structure on the homology whenever $Δ$ is homotopically trivial. We also suggest that the sequence of algebraic structures arising in the higher order formalism is a part of a "trinity" of remarkable mathematical objects, fitting the philosophy proposed by Arnold in the 1990s.
description: v3: further minor changes (several formulas corrected, the explanation of acyclicity of a Koszul-type complex made more precise)
The Use of Infrapatellar Fat Pad-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Articular Cartilage Regeneration: A Review.
Creators: name: Vahedi, Parviz
name: Moghaddamshahabi, Rana
name: Webster, Thomas J
name: Calikoglu Koyuncu, Ayse Ceren
name: Ahmadian, Elham
name: Khan, Wasim S
name: Jimale Mohamed, Ali
name: Eftekhari, Aziz
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Adipose tissue
Articular cartilage
Osteoarthritis
Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Infrapatellar Fat Pad

description: Cartilage is frequently damaged with a limited capacity for repair. Current treatment strategies are insufficient as they form fibrocartilage as opposed to hyaline cartilage, and do not prevent the progression of degenerative changes. There is increasing interest in the use of autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) for tissue regeneration. MSCs that are used to treat articular cartilage defects must not only present a robust cartilaginous production capacity, but they also must not cause morbidity at the harvest site. In addition, they should be easy to isolate from the tissue and expand in culture without terminal differentiation. The source of MSCs is one of the most important factors that may affect treatment. The infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP) acts as an important reservoir for MSC and is located in the anterior compartment of the knee joint in the extra-synovial area. The IPFP is a rich source of MSCs, and in this review, we discuss studies that demonstrate that these cells have shown many advantages over other tissues in terms of ease of isolation, expansion, and chondrogenic differentiation. Future studies in articular cartilage repair strategies and suitable extraction as well as cell culture methods will extend the therapeutical application of IPFP-derived MSCs into additional orthopedic fields, such as osteoarthritis. This review provides the latest research concerning the use of IPFP-derived MSCs in the treatment of articular cartilage damage, providing critical information for the field to grow.