cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Simple string diagrams and n-sesquicategories
Creators: name: Araújo, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18N20, 18N30

description: We define a monad $T_n^{\operatorname{D^s}}$ whose operations are encoded by simple string diagrams and we define $n$-sesquicategories as algebras over this monad. This monad encodes the compositional structure of $n$-dimensional string diagrams. We give a generators and relations description of $T_n^{\operatorname{D^s}}$ , which allows us to describe $n$-sesquicategories as $n$-globular sets equipped with associative and unital composition and whiskering operations. One can also see them as strict $n$-categories without interchange laws. Finally we give an inductive characterization of $n$-sesquicategories.
Photoproduction of the $ω$ meson off the proton near threshold
Creators: name: Strakovsky, I. I.
name: Prakhov, S.
name: Azimov, Y. I.
name: Aguar-Bartolome, P.
name: Annand, J. R. M.
name: Arends, H. J.
name: Bantawa, K.
name: Beck, R.
name: Bekrenev, V.
name: Berghaeuser, H.
name: Braghieri, A.
name: Briscoe, W. J.
name: Brudvik, J.
name: Cherepnya, S.
name: Codling, R. F. B.
name: Collicott, C.
name: Costanza, S.
name: Demissie, B. T.
name: Downie, E. J.
name: Drexler, P.
name: Fil'kov, L. V.
name: Glazier, D. I.
name: Gregor, R.
name: Hamilton, D. J.
name: Heid, E.
name: Hornidge, D.
name: Jaegle, I.
name: Jahn, O.
name: Jude, T. C.
name: Kashevarov, V. L.
name: Keshelashvili, I.
name: Kondratiev, R.
name: Korolija, M.
name: Kotulla, M.
name: Koulbardis, A.
name: Kruglov, S.
name: Krusche, B.
name: Lisin, V.
name: Livingston, K.
name: MacGregor, I. J. D.
name: Maghrbi, Y.
name: Manley, D. M.
name: Marinides, Z.
name: McGeorge, J. C.
name: McNicoll, E. F.
name: Mekterovic, D.
name: Metag, V.
name: Middleton, D. G.
name: Mushkarenkov, A.
name: Nefkens, B. M. K.
name: Nikolaev, A.
name: Novotny, R.
name: Ortega, H.
name: Ostrick, M.
name: Otte, P. B.
name: Oussena, B.
name: Pedroni, P.
name: Pheron, F.
name: Polonski, A.
name: Robinson, J.
name: Rosner, G.
name: Rostomyan, T.
name: Schumann, S.
name: Sikora, M. H.
name: Starostin, A.
name: Supek, I.
name: Taragin, M. F.
name: Tarbert, C. M.
name: Thiel, M.
name: Thomas, A.
name: Unverzagt, M.
name: Watts, D. P.
name: Werthmueller, D.
name: Zehr, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An experimental study of $ω$ photoproduction on the proton was conducted by using the Crystal Ball and TAPS multiphoton spectrometers together with the photon tagging facility at the Mainz Microtron MAMI. The $γp\toωp$ differential cross sections are measured from threshold to the incident-photon energy $E_γ=1.40$ GeV ($W=1.87$ GeV for the center-of-mass energy) with 15-MeV binning in $E_γ$ and full production-angle coverage. The quality of the present data near threshold gives access to a variety of interesting physics aspects. As an example, an estimation of the $ωN$ scattering length $α_{ωp}$ is provided.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures. Published version; some typos were fixed
Observation of coherent quench dynamics in a metallic many-body state of fermionic atoms
Creators: name: Will, Sebastian
name: Iyer, Deepak
name: Rigol, Marcos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum simulation with ultracold atoms has become a powerful technique to gain insight into interacting many-body systems. In particular, the possibility to study nonequilibrium dynamics offers a unique pathway to understand correlations and excitations in strongly interacting quantum matter. So far, coherent nonequilibrium dynamics has exclusively been observed in ultracold many-body systems of bosonic atoms. Here we report on the observation of coherent quench dynamics of fermionic atoms. A metallic state of ultracold spin-polarised fermions is prepared along with a Bose-Einstein condensate in a shallow three-dimensional optical lattice. After a quench that suppresses tunnelling between lattice sites for both the fermions and the bosons, we observe long-lived coherent oscillations in the fermionic momentum distribution, with a period that is determined solely by the Fermi-Bose interaction energy. Our results show that coherent quench dynamics can serve as a sensitive probe for correlations in delocalised fermionic quantum states and for quantum metrology.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, published version
Critical Behavior of Four-Terminal Conductance of Bilayer Graphene Domain Walls
Creators: name: Wieder, Benjamin J.
name: Zhang, Fan
name: Kane, C. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bilayer graphene in a perpendicular electric field can host domain walls between regions of reversed field direction or interlayer stacking. The gapless modes propagating along these domain walls, while not strictly topological, nevertheless have interesting physical properties, including valley-momentum locking. A junction where two domain walls intersect forms the analogue of a quantum point contact. We study theoretically the critical behavior of this junction near the pinch-off transition, which is controlled by two separate classes of non-trivial quantum critical points. For strong interactions, the junction can host phases of unique charge and valley conductances. For weaker interactions, the low-temperature charge conductance can undergo one of two possible quantum phase transitions, each characterized by a specific critical exponent and a collapse to a universal scaling function, which we compute.
description: 24 pages, 11 figures
A Sonification of the zCOSMOS Galaxy Dataset
Creators: name: Bardelli, S.
name: Ferretti, Claudia
name: Ludovico, Luca Andrea
name: Presti, Giorgio
name: Rinaldi, Maurizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Sonification is the transformation of data into acoustic signals, achievable through different techniques. Sonification can be defined as a way to represent data values and relations as perceivable sounds, aiming at facilitating their communication and interpretation. Like data visualization provides meaning via images, sonification conveys meaning via sound. Sonification approaches are useful in a number of scenario. A first case is the possibility to receive information while keeping other sensory channels free, like in medical environment, in driving experience, etc. Another scenario addresses an easier recognition of patterns when data present high dimensionality and cardinality. Finally, sonification can be applied to presentation and dissemination initiatives, also with artistic goals. The zCOSMOS dataset contains detailed data about almost 20000 galaxies, describing the evolution of a relatively small portion of the universe in the last 10 million years in terms of galaxy mass, absolute luminosity, redshift, distance, age, and star formation rate. The present paper proposes a sonification for the mentioned dataset, with the following goals: i) providing a general description of the dataset, accessible via sound, which could also make unnoticed patterns emerge; ii) realizing an artistic but scientifically accurate sonic portrait of a portion of the universe, thus filling the gap between art and science in the context of scientific dissemination and so-called "edutainment"; iii) adding value to the dataset, since also scientific data and achievements must be considered as a cultural heritage that needs to be preserved and enhanced. Both scientific and technological aspects of the sonification are addressed.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures
Solutions for the Klein-Gordon and Dirac equations on the lattice based on Chebyshev polynomials
Creators: name: Faustino, Nelson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The main goal of this paper is to adopt a multivector calculus scheme to study finite difference discretizations of Klein-Gordon and Dirac equations for which Chebyshev polynomials of the first kind may be used to represent a set of solutions. The development of a well-adapted discrete Clifford calculus framework based on spinor fields allows us to represent, using solely projection based arguments, the solutions for the discretized Dirac equations from the knowledge of the solutions of the discretized Klein-Gordon equation. Implications of those findings on the interpretation of the lattice fermion doubling problem is briefly discussed.
description: 20 pages; accepted for publication at Complex Analysis and Operator Theory (CAOT)
Periodic Hölder waves in a class of negative-order dispersive equations
Creators: name: Hildrum, Fredrik
name: Xue, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B10, 35B32, 35B65, 35S30, 45M15, 49J52

description: We prove the existence of highest, cusped, periodic travelling-wave solutions with exact and optimal $ α$-Hölder continuity in a class of fractional negative-order dispersive equations of the form \begin{equation*} u_t + (| \mathrm{D} |^{- α} u + n(u) )_x = 0 \end{equation*} for every $ α\in (0, 1) $ with homogeneous Fourier multiplier $ | \mathrm{D} |^{ - α} $. We tackle nonlinearities $ n(u) $ of the type $ | u |^p $ or $ u | u |^{p - 1} $ for all real $ p > 1 $, and show that when $ n $ is odd, the waves also feature antisymmetry and thus contain inverted cusps. Tools involve detailed pointwise estimates in tandem with analytic global bifurcation, where we resolve the issue with nonsmooth $ n $ by means of regularisation. We believe that both the construction of highest antisymmetric waves and the regularisation of nonsmooth terms to an analytic bifurcation setting are new in this context, with direct applicability also to generalised versions of the Whitham, the Burgers--Poisson, the Burgers--Hilbert, the Degasperis--Procesi, the reduced Ostrovsky, and the bidirectional Whitham equations.
description: 33 pages; 5 figures
Diffraction-Unlimited Position Measurement of Ultracold Atoms in an Optical Lattice
Creators: name: Ashida, Yuto
name: Ueda, Masahito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a method of high-fidelity, spatially resolved position measurement of ultracold atoms in an optical lattice. We show that the atom-number distribution can be nondestructively determined at a spatial resolution beyond the diffraction limit by tracking the progressive evolution of the many-body wavefunction collapse into a Fock state. We predict that the Pauli exclusion principle accelerates the rate of wavefunction collapse of fermions in comparison with bosons. A possible application of our principle of surpassing the diffraction limit to other imaging systems is discussed.
description: 6+6 pages, 3+3 figures, PRL accepted version
The ALMA REBELS Survey: Efficient Ly$α$ Transmission of UV-Bright z$\simeq$7 Galaxies from Large Velocity Offsets and Broad Line Widths
Creators: name: Endsley, Ryan
name: Stark, Daniel P.
name: Bouwens, Rychard J.
name: Schouws, Sander
name: Smit, Renske
name: Stefanon, Mauro
name: Inami, Hanae
name: Bowler, Rebecca A. A.
name: Oesch, Pascal
name: Gonzalez, Valentino
name: Aravena, Manuel
name: da Cunha, Elisabete
name: Dayal, Pratika
name: Ferrara, Andrea
name: Graziani, Luca
name: Nanayakkara, Themiya
name: Pallottini, Andrea
name: Schneider, Raffaella
name: Sommovigo, Laura
name: Topping, Michael
name: van der Werf, Paul
name: Hutter, Anne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent work has shown that UV-luminous reionization-era galaxies often exhibit strong Lyman-alpha emission despite being situated at redshifts where the IGM is thought to be substantially neutral. It has been argued that this enhanced Ly$α$ transmission reflects the presence of massive galaxies in overdense regions which power large ionized bubbles. An alternative explanation is that massive galaxies shift more of their Ly$α$ profile to large velocities (relative to the systemic redshift) where the IGM damping wing absorption is reduced. Such a mass-dependent trend is seen at lower redshifts, but whether one exists at $z\sim7$ remains unclear owing to the small number of existing systemic redshift measurements in the reionization era. This is now changing with the emergence of [CII]-based redshifts from ALMA. Here we report MMT/Binospec Ly$α$ spectroscopy of eight UV-bright ($\mathrm{M_{UV}}^{}\sim-22$) galaxies at $z\simeq7$ selected from the ALMA REBELS survey. We detect Ly$α$ in 4 of 8 galaxies and use the [CII] systemic redshifts to investigate the Ly$α$ velocity profiles. The Ly$α$ lines are significantly redshifted from systemic (average velocity offset=223 km/s) and broad (FWHM$\approx$300$-$650 km/s), with two sources showing emission extending to $\approx$750 km/s. We find that the broadest Ly$α$ profiles are associated with the largest [CII] line widths, suggesting a potential link between the Ly$α$ FWHM and the dynamical mass. Since Ly$α$ photons at high velocities transmit efficiently through the $z=7$ IGM, our data suggest that velocity profiles play a significant role in boosting the Ly$α$ visibility of the most UV-luminous reionization-era galaxies.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Mergers of supermassive and intermediate-mass black holes in galactic nuclei from disruptions of star clusters
Creators: name: Fragione, Giacomo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational waves (GWs) offer an unprecedented opportunity to survey the sky and detect mergers of compact objects. While intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) have not been detected beyond any reasonable doubt with either dynamical or accretion signatures, the GW landscape appears very promising. Mergers of an IMBH with a supermassive black hole (SMBH) will be primary sources for the planned space-based mission LISA and could be observed up to the distant Universe. SMBH-IMBH binaries can be formed as a result of the migration and merger of stellar clusters at the center of galaxies, where an SMBH lurks. We build for the first time a semi-analytical framework to model this scenario, and find that the the comoving merger rate of SMBH-IMBH binaries is $\sim 10^{-4}$ Gpc$^{-3}$ yr$^{-1}$ in the local Universe for a unity IMBH occupation fraction, scales linearly with it, and has a peak at $z\approx 0.5$-$2$. Our model predicts $\sim 0.1$ event yr$^{-1}$ within redshift $z\approx 3.5$ if $10\%$ of the inspiralled star clusters hosted an IMBH, while $\sim 1$ events yr$^{-1}$ for a unity occupation fraction. More than $90\%$ of these systems will be detectable with LISA with a signal-to-noise ratio larger than $10$, promising to potentially find a family of IMBHs.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, accepted by ApJ
Direct and inverse spin-orbit torques
Creators: name: Freimuth, Frank
name: Blügel, Stefan
name: Mokrousov, Yuriy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In collinear magnets lacking inversion symmetry application of electric currents induces torques on the magnetization and conversely magnetization dynamics induces electric currents. The two effects, which both rely on spin-orbit interaction (SOI), are reciprocal to each other and denoted direct spin-orbit torque (SOT) and inverse spin-orbit torque (ISOT), respectively. We derive expressions for SOT and ISOT within the Kubo linear response formalism. We show that expressions suitable for density-functional theory calculations can be derived either starting from a Kohn-Sham Hamiltonian with time-dependent exchange field or by expressing general susceptibilities in terms of the Kohn-Sham susceptibilities. For the case of magnetic bilayer systems we derive the general form of the ISOT current induced under ferromagnetic resonance. Using \textit{ab initio} calculations within density-functional theory we investigate SOT and ISOT in Co/Pt(111) magnetic bilayers. We determine the spatial distribution of spin and charge currents as well as torques in order to expose the mechanisms underlying SOT and ISOT and to highlight their reciprocity on the microscopic level. We find that the spin Hall effect is position-dependent close to interfaces.
From short-time diffusive to long-time ballistic dynamics: the unusual center-of-mass motion of quantum bright solitons
Creators: name: Weiss, Christoph
name: Gardiner, Simon A.
name: Breuer, Heinz-Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Brownian motion is ballistic on short time scales and diffusive on long time scales. Our theoretical investigations indicate that one can observe the exact opposite - an "anomaleous diffusion process" where initially diffusive motion becomes ballistic on longer time scales - in an ultracold atom system with a size comparable to macromolecules. This system is a quantum matter-wave bright soliton subject to decoherence via three-particle losses for which we investigate the center-of-mass motion. Our simulations show that such unusual center-of-mass dynamics should be observable on experimentally accessible time scales.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, minor revisions
Myiase gastro-intestinale à Drosophila melanogaster : À propos d’un cas marocain
Creators: name: HAMMOUCH, Zeineb
name: EL ASSIL, Asmae
name: LYAGOUBI, Mohamed
name: AOUFI, Sara
Publisher: name: MTSI
Year: 2023

description: Drosophila melanogaster gastrointestinal myiasis: About a Moroccan case report Introduction. Myiasis is an infestation of humans or animals by larval forms of brachycetes. Commonly observed locations are otolaryngological and cutaneous. Gastrointestinal localization remains exceptional. In this work, we report the observation of a Moroccan case of gastrointestinal myiasis caused by Drosophila melanogaster. Observation. The patient was a 56-year-old man living in a rural region of northwest Morocco. He was being followed at the National Oncology Institute in Rabat for pulmonary and renal adenocarcinoma and was put on neo-adjuvant chemotherapy with concomitant radiochemotherapy. The patient presented vomiting twice containing about forty small white, circular and hairless worms measuring 4 mm in length. This sample was sent to the parasitology and mycology laboratory for identification. Microscopic study of the larvae and adult flies obtained after rearing in the laboratory of parasitology allowed the diagnosis of myiasis caused by Drosophila melanogaster. Discussion/Conclusion. This observation is noteworthy for both its exceptional anatomical localization and the implicated parasite species. Myiase gastro-intestinale à Drosophila melanogaster : À propos d’un cas marocain Introduction. Les myiases sont des infestations des humains ou des animaux par des formes larvaires des brachycères. Les localisations fréquemment observées sont oto-rhino-laryngologiques et cutanées. La localisation gastro-intestinale reste exceptionnelle. Nous rapportons un cas marocain de myiase gastro-intestinale à Drosophila melanogaster. Observation. Il s’agit d’un patient âgé de 56 ans vivant dans une région rurale du nord-ouest du Maroc. Il était suivi à l’Institut national d’oncologie de Rabat pour adénocarcinome pulmonaire et rénal, et mis sous chimiothérapie, néo-adjuvante avec la radiochimiothérapie concomitante. Le patient a présenté des vomissements à deux reprises contenant une quarantaine de petits vers blanchâtres de 4 mm de longueur à section circulaire et glabres. Ce prélèvement a été adressé au laboratoire de parasitologie et mycologie pour identification. L’étude microscopique des larves et des mouches adultes, obtenues après élevage au laboratoire de parasitologie, a permis de diagnostiquer une myiase à Drosophila melanogaster. Discussion/Conclusion. Cette observation s’individualise par sa localisation anatomique qui reste exceptionnelle d’une part et par le genre du parasite incriminé d’autre part.
description: MTSI, Vol. 3 No 3 (2023): MTSI-Revue
Approximate Weight Distribution of Polarization-Adjusted Convolutional (PAC) Codes
Creators: name: Seyedmasoumian, Sadra
name: Duman, Tolga M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Polarization-adjusted convolutional (PAC) codes combine the polar and convolutional transformations to enhance the distance properties of polar codes. They offer a performance very close to the finite length information-theoretic bounds for short block lengths. In this paper, we develop a method of computing the weight distribution of PAC codes in an approximate form by employing a probabilistic technique. We demonstrate that the results well match the exact weight distributions for small codes that can be computed using a brute-force algorithm. We also present a way employing the results (along with the union bound on the code performance) to design specific PAC codes, more precisely, to determine suitable rate profiles via simulated annealing. Numerical examples illustrate that the PAC codes with the designed rate profiles offer superior performance.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Systematic Features of Axisymmetric Neutrino-Driven Core-Collapse Supernova Models in Multiple Progenitors
Creators: name: Nakamura, Ko
name: Takiwaki, Tomoya
name: Kuroda, Takami
name: Kotake, Kei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an overview of two-dimensional (2D) core-collapse supernova simulations employing neutrino transport scheme by the isotropic diffusion source approximation. We study 101 solar-metallicity, 247 ultra metal-poor, and 30 zero-metal progenitors covering zero-age main sequence mass from $10.8 M_{\odot} $ to $75.0 M_{\odot} $. Using the 378 progenitors in total, we systematically investigate how the differences in the structures of these multiple progenitors impact the hydrodynamics evolution. By following a long-term evolution over 1.0 s after bounce, most of the computed models exhibit neutrino-driven revival of the stalled bounce shock at $\sim$ 200 - 800 ms postbounce, leading to the possibility of explosion. Pushing the boundaries of expectations in previous one-dimensional (1D) studies, our results confirm that the compactness parameter $ξ$ that characterizes the structure of the progenitors is also a key in 2D to diagnose the properties of neutrino-driven explosions. Models with high $ξ$ undergo high ram pressure from the accreting matter onto the stalled shock, which affects the subsequent evolution of the shock expansion and the mass of the protoneutron star under the influence of neutrino-driven convection and the standing accretion-shock instability. We show that the accretion luminosity becomes higher for models with high $ξ$, which makes the growth rate of the diagnostic explosion energy higher and the synthesized nickel mass bigger. We find that these explosion characteristics tend to show a monotonic increase as a function of the compactness parameter $ξ$.
description: 15 pages, 22 figures, 277 progenitors added, accepted to PASJ
TDCOSMO. IX. Systematic comparison between lens modelling software programs: time delay prediction for WGD 2038-4008
Creators: name: Shajib, A. J.
name: Wong, K. C.
name: Birrer, S.
name: Suyu, S. H.
name: Treu, T.
name: Buckley-Geer, E.
name: Lin, H.
name: Rusu, C. E.
name: Poh, J.
name: Palmese, A.
name: Agnello, A.
name: Auger-Williams, M. W.
name: Galan, A.
name: Schuldt, S.
name: Sluse, D.
name: Courbin, F.
name: Frieman, J.
name: Millon, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The importance of alternative methods for measuring the Hubble constant, such as time-delay cosmography, is highlighted by the recent Hubble tension. It is paramount to thoroughly investigate and rule out systematic biases in all measurement methods before we can accept new physics as the source of this tension. In this study, we perform a check for systematic biases in the lens modelling procedure of time-delay cosmography by comparing independent and blind time-delay predictions of the system WGD 2038-4008 from two teams using two different software programs: GLEE and LENSTRONOMY. The predicted time delays from the two teams incorporate the stellar kinematics of the deflector and the external convergence from line-of-sight structures. The un-blinded time-delay predictions from the two teams agree within $1.2σ$, implying that once the time delay is measured the inferred Hubble constant will also be mutually consistent. However, there is a $\sim$4$σ$ discrepancy between the power-law model slope and external shear, which is a significant discrepancy at the level of lens models before the stellar kinematics and the external convergence are incorporated. We identify the difference in the reconstructed point spread function (PSF) to be the source of this discrepancy. When the same reconstructed PSF was used by both teams, we achieved excellent agreement, within $\sim$0.6$σ$, indicating that potential systematics stemming from source reconstruction algorithms and investigator choices are well under control. We recommend that future studies supersample the PSF as needed and marginalize over multiple algorithms or realizations for the PSF reconstruction to mitigate the systematics associated with the PSF. A future study will measure the time delays of the system WGD 2038-4008 and infer the Hubble constant based on our mass models.
description: Accepted version by A&A. 34 pages, 26 figures, 3 tables
Additive manufacturing of fine-granularity optically-isolated plastic scintillator elements
Creators: name: Berns, S.
name: Boillat, E.
name: Boyarintsev, A.
name: De Roeck, A.
name: Dolan, S.
name: Gendotti, A.
name: Grynyov, B.
name: Hugon, S.
name: Kose, U.
name: Kovalchuk, S.
name: Li, B.
name: Rubbia, A.
name: Sibilieva, T.
name: Sgalaberna, D.
name: Weber, T.
name: Wuthrich, J.
name: Zhao, X. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Plastic scintillator detectors are used in high energy physics as well as for diagnostic imaging in medicine, beam monitoring on hadron therapy, muon tomography, dosimetry and many security applications. To combine particle tracking and calorimetry it is necessary to build detectors with three-dimensional granularity, i.e. small voxels of scintillator optically isolated from each other. Recently, the 3DET collaboration demonstrated the possibility to 3D print polystyrene-based scintillators with a light output performance close to that obtained with standard production methods. In this article, after providing a further characterization of the developed scintillators, we show the first matrix of plastic scintillator cubes optically separated by a white reflector material entirely 3D printed with fused deposition modeling. This is a major milestone towards the 3D printing of the first real particle detector. A discussion of the results as well as the next steps in the R&D is also provided.
description: Accepted for publication in JINST
Realizing a symmetry protected topological phase through dimerized interactions
Creators: name: Mondal, Suman
name: Padhan, Ashirbad
name: Mishra, Tapan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that in a system of one dimensional spinless fermions a topological phase and phase transition can emerge only through interaction. By allowing a dimerized or bond-alternating nearest neighbour interaction we show that the system exhibits a symmetry protected topological phase while its non-interacting limit is a gapless state. The non-trivial topological character appears due to the onset of two degenerate bond-order phases as a function of dimerized interaction which are found to be topologically distinct from each other. As a result a topological phase transition occurs between these bond order phases through a gap closing point. However, in the limit of strong interaction, the bond order phases are connected through a gapped charge density wave phase possessing local antiferromagnetic order. The topological nature is characterized by the edge states, Berry phase and non-local string order parameter. At the end we provide possible experimental signatures of the emergent symmetry protected topological phase transition in terms of Thouless charge pumping and density-density correlation.
description: 4+ pages, 4 figures
Distributed Methods for High-dimensional and Large-scale Tensor Factorization
Creators: name: Shin, Kijung
name: Kang, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Given a high-dimensional large-scale tensor, how can we decompose it into latent factors? Can we process it on commodity computers with limited memory? These questions are closely related to recommender systems, which have modeled rating data not as a matrix but as a tensor to utilize contextual information such as time and location. This increase in the dimension requires tensor factorization methods scalable with both the dimension and size of a tensor. In this paper, we propose two distributed tensor factorization methods, SALS and CDTF. Both methods are scalable with all aspects of data, and they show an interesting trade-off between convergence speed and memory requirements. SALS updates a subset of the columns of a factor matrix at a time, and CDTF, a special case of SALS, updates one column at a time. In our experiments, only our methods factorize a 5-dimensional tensor with 1 billion observable entries, 10M mode length, and 1K rank, while all other state-of-the-art methods fail. Moreover, our methods require several orders of magnitude less memory than our competitors. We implement our methods on MapReduce with two widely-applicable optimization techniques: local disk caching and greedy row assignment. They speed up our methods up to 98.2X and also the competitors up to 5.9X.
Dynamical scaling as a signature of multiple phase competition in Yb$_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$
Creators: name: Scheie, Allen
name: Benton, Owen
name: Taillefumier, Mathieu
name: Jaubert, Ludovic D. C.
name: Sala, Gabriele
name: Jalarvo, Niina
name: Koohpayeh, Seyed M.
name: Shannon, Nic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: $\rm Yb_2Ti_2O_7$ is a celebrated example of a pyrochlore magnet with highly-frustrated, anisotropic exchange interactions. To date, attention has largely focused on its unusual, static properties, many of which can be understood as coming from the competition between different types of magnetic order. Here we use inelastic neutron scattering with exceptionally high energy resolution to explore the dynamical properties of $\rm Yb_2Ti_2O_7$. We find that spin correlations exhibit dynamical scaling, analogous to behavior found near to a quantum critical point. We show that the observed scaling collapse can be explained within a phenomenological theory of multiple--phase competition, and confirm that a scaling collapse is also seen in semi--classical simulations of a microscopic model of $\rm Yb_2Ti_2O_7$. These results suggest a general picture for dynamics in systems with competing ground states.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, 8 pages supplememtnal materials
On the density of certain languages with $p^2$ letters
Creators: name: Segovia, Carlos
name: Winklmeier, Monika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37F20, 57Q20, 05E15, 68R15

description: The sequence $(x_n)_{n\in\mathbb N} = (2,5,15,51,187,\dots)$ given by the rule $x_n=(2^n+1)(2^{n-1}+1)/3$ appears in several seemingly unrelated areas of mathematics. For example, $x_n$ is the density of a language of words of length $n$ with four different letters. It is also the cardinality of the quotient of $(\mathbb Z_2\times \mathbb Z_2)^n$ under the left action of the special linear group $\mathrm{SL}(2,\mathbb Z)$. In this paper we show how these two interpretations of $x_n$ are related to each other. More generally, for prime numbers $p$ we show a correspondence between a quotient of $(\mathbb Z_p\times\mathbb Z_p)^n$ and a language with $p^2$ letters and words of length $n$.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures. The section on cobordism categories was shortened. http://www.combinatorics.org/ojs/index.php/eljc/article/view/v22i3p16
Acoustic geometry through perturbation of mass accretion rate - radial flow in static spacetimes
Creators: name: Ananda, Deepika B.
name: Bhattacharya, Sourav
name: Das, Tapas K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we present an alternative derivation of the general relativistic acoustic analogue geometry by perturbing the mass accretion rate or flux of an ideal fluid flowing radially in a general static and spherically symmetric spacetime. To the best of our knowledge, this has so far been done in non-relativistic scenario. The resulting causal structure of the two dimensional acoustic geometry is qualitatively similar to that one derives via the perturbation of the velocity potential. Using this, we then briefly discuss the stability issues by studying the wave configurations generated by the perturbation of the mass accretion rate, and formally demonstrate the stability of the accretion process. This is in qualitative agreement with earlier results on stability, established via study of wave configurations generated by the perturbation of velocity potential, by using the acoustic geometry associated with it. We further discuss explicit examples of the Schwarzschild and Rindler spacetimes.
description: v3, 16pp; substantially revised version, many discussions and clarifications added, some errors corrected; accepted in Gen. Rel. Grav
A New Monte Carlo Algorithm for Free Energy Calculation
Creators: name: Bi, Sheng
name: Tong, Ning-Hua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new Monte Carlo algorithm for the free energy calculation based on configuration space sampling. We implement this algorithm for Ising model. Comparison with the exact free energy shows an excellent agreement. We analyse the properties of this algorithm and compares it with Wang-Landau algorithm which samples in energy space. This method is applicable to classical statistical models. The possibility of extending it to quantum systems is discussed.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Scalar excitation with Leggett frequency in $^3$ He-B and the $125$ GeV Higgs particle in top quark condensation models as Pseudo - Goldstone bosons
Creators: name: Volovik, G. E.
name: Zubkov, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the scenario, in which the light Higgs scalar boson appears as the Pseudo - Goldstone boson. We discuss examples both in condensed matter and in relativistic field theory. In $^3$He-B the symmetry breaking gives rise to 4 Nambu-Goldstone modes and 14 Higgs modes. At lower energy one of the four NG modes becomes the Higgs boson with small mass. This is the mode measured in experiments with the longitudinal NMR, and the Higgs mass corresponds to the Leggett frequency $M_{\rm H}=\hbar Ω_L$. The formation of the Higgs mass is the result of the violation of the hidden spin-orbit symmetry at low energy. In this scenario the symmetry breaking energy scale $Δ$ (the gap in the fermionic spectrum) and the Higgs mass scale $M_{\rm H}$ are highly separated: $M_{\rm H}\ll Δ$. On the particle physics side we consider the model inspired by the models of \cite{dobrescu,Yamawaki}. At high energies the $SU(3)$ symmetry is assumed that relates the left - handed top and bottom quarks to the additional fermion $χ_L$. This symmetry is softly broken at low energies. As a result the only CP - even Goldstone boson acquires a mass and may be considered as the candidate for the role of the $125$ GeV scalar boson. We consider the condensation pattern different from the one typical for the top - seesaw models, where the condensate $< \bar{t}_Lχ_R >$ is off - diagonal. In our case the condensates are mostly diagonal. Unlike \cite{dobrescu,Yamawaki} the explicit mass terms are absent and the soft breaking of $SU(3)$ symmetry is given solely by the four - fermion terms. This reveals the complete analogy with $^3$He, where there is no explicit mass term and the spin - orbit interaction has the form of the four - fermion interaction.
description: Latex, 33 pages
Analysis of Peierls-Yoccoz rotational energy of nuclei with semi-realistic interaction
Creators: name: Abe, K.
name: Nakada, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Peierls-Yoccoz (PY) rotational energy of nuclei has been analyzed by the angular-momentum projection (AMP) on the axial Hartree-Fock solutions, by using the semi-realistic effective Hamiltonian M3Y-P6. The rotational energy is decomposed into contributions of the individual terms of the Hamiltonian, and their ratios to the total PY rotational energy are calculated. Except for light or weakly-deformed nuclei, the ratios of the individual terms of the Hamiltonian are insensitive to nuclides and deformation. The contributions of kinetic energies are large and close to the rigid-rotor values, although those of central forces are sizable. For light or weakly-deformed nuclei, the ratios significantly depend on nuclei and deformation. The contributions of noncentral forces are not negligible. Regardless of nuclides, the attractive forces decrease the moment-of-inertia, and the repulsive forces increase it. A general formula for the PY rotational energy is derived, which suggests that higher-order terms of the cumulant expansion play roles in the rotational energy and the moment-of-inertia for light or weakly-deformed nuclei.
description: 37 pages, 17 figures
Holderian weak invariance principle for stationary mixing sequences
Creators: name: Giraudo, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60F05, 60F17

description: We provide some sufficient mixing conditions on a strictly stationary sequence in order to guarantee the weak invariance principle in Hölder spaces. Strong mixing and $ρ$-mixing conditions are investigated as well as $τ$-dependent sequences. The main tools are Fuk-Nagaev type inequalities for mixing sequences and a truncation argument.
description: 14 pages
Data Stewardship goes Germany
Creators: name: Hausen, Daniela
name: Steinke, Britta
name: Terzijska, Dzulia
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke::020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaften::020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaften
subject: Forschungsdatenmanagement
subject: FDM
subject: Forschungsunterstützung
subject: data steward
subject: research data management
subject: research support
subject: community building

description: Die Weiterentwicklung des Forschungsdatenmanagements (FDM) ist in vielen Aspekten – nicht nur technologisch, sondern auch personell zu beobachten. Es entstehen – wie bereits 2019 vom Rat für Informationsinfrastrukturen gefordert – neue Berufsfelder und Positionen, die wissenschaftsnahe, unterstützende Aufgaben übernehmen und als Data Stewards, Datenmanagerinnen, Datenkuratoren etc. bezeichnet werden. Bei mehreren FDM-Veranstaltungen zeigte sich, dass viele dieser Personen ähnliche Aufgaben und Herausforderungen haben, doch häufig nur innerhalb ihrer Fachcommunity vernetzt sind, eine Vernetzung untereinander und in die FDM-Community dagegen fehlt.
Skew-monoidal reflection and lifting theorems
Creators: name: Lack, Stephen
name: Street, Ross
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18D10

description: The Day Reflection Theorem gives conditions under which a reflective subcategory of a closed monoidal category can be equipped with a closed monoidal structure in such a way that the reflection adjunction becomes a monoidal adjunction. We adapt this result to skew monoidal categories. The beauty of this variant is further evidence that the direction choices involved in the skew notion are important for organizing, and adding depth to, certain mathematical phenomena. We also provide conditions under which a skew monoidal structure can be lifted to the category of Eilenberg-Moore algebras for a comonad.
description: Roughly the first half on the skew reflection theorem was presented to the Australian Category Seminar on 27 August 2014. Version 2 is 14 pages and includes a title change. There is new material on skew warpings riding an action and a skew-monoidal lifting theorem. Version 3: added reference; now published in TAC
Low-temperature thermodynamics with quantum coherence
Creators: name: Narasimhachar, Varun
name: Gour, Gilad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermal operations are an operational model of non-equilibrium quantum thermodynamics. In the absence of coherence between energy levels, exact state transition conditions under thermal operations are known in terms of a mathematical relation called thermo-majorization. But incorporating coherence has turned out to be challenging, even under the relatively tractable model wherein all Gibbs state-preserving quantum channels are included. Here we find a mathematical generalization of thermal operations at low temperatures, "cooling maps", for which we derive the necessary and sufficient state transition condition. Cooling maps that saturate recently-discovered bounds on coherence transfer are realizable as thermal operations, motivating us to conjecture that all cooling maps are thermal operations. Cooling maps, though a less conservative generalization to thermal operations, are more tractable than Gibbs-preserving operations, suggesting that cooling map-like models at general temperatures could be of use in gaining insight about thermal operations.
description: Main matter (7 pages, 2 figures) + Supplemental matter (19 pages, 2 figures). Published version
Sum of one prime and two squares of primes in short intervals
Creators: name: Languasco, Alessandro
name: Zaccagnini, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11P32, 11P55, 11P05

description: Assuming the Riemann Hypothesis we prove that the interval $[N, N + H]$ contains an integer which is a sum of a prime and two squares of primes provided that $H \ge C (\log N)^{4}$, where $C > 0$ is an effective constant.
description: removed unconditional case; other minor changes inserted
Simplified Stability Assessment of Power Systems with Variable-Delay Wide-Area Damping Control
Creators: name: Gajjar, K. K.
name: Dey, Kaustav
name: Kulkarni, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Power electronic devices such as HVDC and FACTS can be used to improve the damping of poorly damped inter-area modes in large power systems. This involves the use of wide-area feedback signals, which are transmitted via communication networks. The performance of the closed-loop system is strongly influenced by the delay associated with wide-area signals. The random nature of this delay introduces a switched linear system model. The stability assessment of such a system requires linear matrix inequality based approaches. This makes the stability analysis more complicated as the system size increases. To address this challenge, this paper proposes a delay-processing strategy that simplifies the modelling and analysis in discrete-domain. In contrast to the existing stability assessment techniques, the proposed approach is advantageous because the stability, as well as damping performance, can be accurately predicted by a simplified analysis. The proposed methodology is verified with a case study on the 2-area 4-machine power system with a series compensated tie-line. The results are found to be in accordance with the predictions of the proposed simplified analysis.
Congruences on the monoid of monotone injective partial selfmaps of $L_n\times_{\operatorname{lex}}\mathbb{Z}$ with co-finite domains and images
Creators: name: Gutik, Oleg
name: Pozdniakova, Inna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20M18, 20M20, 20M05, 20M15

description: We study congruences of the semigroup $\mathscr{I\!O}\!_{\infty}(\mathbb{Z}^n_{\operatorname{lex}})$ of monotone injective partial selfmaps of the set of $L_n\times_{\operatorname{lex}}\mathbb{Z}$ having co-finite domain and image, where $L_n\times_{\operatorname{lex}}\mathbb{Z}$ is the lexicographic product of $n$-elements chain and the set of integers with the usual linear order. The structure of the sublattice of congruences on $\mathscr{I\!O}\!_{\infty}(\mathbb{Z}^n_{\operatorname{lex}})$ which contain in the least group congruence is described.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1311.6175