cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Relationship between Within-Day Energy Balance and Menstruation in Active Females
Creators: name: Friel, Alexandra
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2010

description: Background:  Past studies suggest that inadequate energy intake (EI) is directly related to menstrual dysfunction (MD) in active females. Inadequate EI causes activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, disrupting the normal hormonal signaling of reproductive cycling and resulting in MD. However, studies have also demonstrated similar EI in athletes, but with different menstrual function. Traditionally, energy balance has been evaluated in 24-hour time periods. Recent research suggests there is benefit to analyzing energy balance at smaller intervals to better address physiologic response in real time.  It is possible that women who meet their daily EI needs could still, therefore, experience MD if the majority of the day is spent in energy deficit.   Objective:  The purpose of this study is to determine whether within-day energy balance is a factor in menstrual status in active adult females.    Methods:  Twenty active females tracked hourly EI and energy expenditure over three days.  A two-page survey was utilized to obtain information on training, health, and menstrual status.  Participants were also asked to respond to several questions regarding eating habits and attitude towards food.  Within-day energy balance was calculated and evaluated using NutriTimingTM software.  Collected energy balance data were analyzed for associations with menstrual status.  Results:  Participants spent more hours in a catabolic state (energy balance less than zero) than in an anabolic state (20.5 hrs vs 3.5 hrs) and averaged a caloric deficit of -504 kcal over 24-hours. Nine subjects (45%) had experienced loss of menses for greater than 3 months (LoM>3mos), indicative of amenorrhea. Hours spent in energy surplus >400 kcal was inversely correlated with LoM>3mos (r = -0.463; P = 0.04).  The impact of number of miles run per week and menstrual dysfunction, based on a quartile stratification of miles run, were analyzed using an ANOVA with Tamhane non-parametric post hoc test.  Significant differences were found between the upper two quartiles of distance run per week and LoM>3mos (P = 0.048).  There was no relationship between end-of-day energy balance and Lom>3mos.    Conclusion:  Researchers and healthcare professionals would do well to examine energy balance in an hour-by-hour manner as it is has implications for MD. This would help to clarify whether within-day energy balance is a factor in MD, and allow for the development of appropriate intervention strategies to improve health and athletic outcomes for active women.
Food Store Audits: Examining Food Price, Availability, and Quailty, Before and After Relocation of Public Housing Residents
Creators: name: Anderson, Anjenique
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2010

description: In an effort to deconcentrate poverty, Atlanta is attempting to become the first city in the U.S. to completely eliminate public housing by relocating ÷ 10,000 residents.  Research has shown that the health status of public housing residents is worse than any other population.  Evidence also suggests that there is an inverse relationship between neighborhood availability of healthy, affordable foods and diet intake.  The aim of this study was to compare the price, availability, and quality of food items in the public housing residents? communities, before and after relocation.  Using Nutrition Environment Measures Survey (NEMS), a total of 42 food store audits were conducted in pre- and post-relocation neighborhoods. The prices in post-relocation middle chain grocery stores were significantly cheaper for total frozen dinners (p = 0.042), baked goods (p = 0.017), and potato chips (p = 0.035).  There were no significant differences in produce quality.  However, fruits (p <0>.001), vegetables (p < 0.001), lower fat milk (p < 0.001), whole milk (p =0.041), ground beef (p < 0 .001), reduced-fat hot dogs (p = 0.015), regular hot dogs (p < 0.001), frozen dinners (p < 0.001), low-fat baked goods (p < 0.001), whole-wheat bread (p <0 .001) and 100% juice (p < 0.001) were more available in middle chain grocery stores than convenience stores.  These results suggest that public housing residents have relocated to a food environment that is similar to their previous environment.  Relocation of public housing residence did not have a significant effect on their access to food.
Serum Vitamin Concentrations are Associated with Metabolic Syndrome and Insulin Resistance in US Children
Creators: name: Shaikh, Nida
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2010

description: Background: Vitamin D deficiency is a concern in the US. Association between vitamin D status and metabolic syndrome (MetS), insulin resistance (IR), and inflammation is unclear in children.  Objective: The relationship between serum vitamin D and MetS, C-reactive protein (CRP), and Homeostatic Model Assessment-IR (HOMA-IR) was investigated.   Design: Data from 3 cycles of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001-2006 for 3700 (1820, boys; 1880, girls) children and adolescents, aged 12-17 y were used to assess prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng>/mL) and association between serum vitamin D and  prevalence of MetS, various components of MetS, CRP, and HOMA-IR using multivariate regression models.   Results: Overall, prevalences of MetS and vitamin D deficiency were 6.1% and 30.5%, respectively. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was higher in girls (52%), blacks (74%), non-supplement users (50%), persons who were examined in winter (56%), and persons in the low poverty income ratio group (57%) compared to their counterparts. Serum vitamin D was inversely associated with waist circumference (P<0.001), systolic blood pressure (P=0.009), and HOMA-IR (P=0.003) and positively associated with HDL-cholesterol (P<0.001). Children with lowest serum vitamin D are at increased risk for MetS (P=0.04; OR 2.26; 95% CI: 1.11, 4.61). Serum vitamin D was not related to CRP (P<0.10).    Conclusions: Children with poor vitamin D status are at increased risk for MetS and IR. Because of negative health outcomes associated with MetS and poor vitamin D status when existed individually or in combination, early detection and intervention of these conditions are paramount, especially in children.
The Relationship between Omega-3 Fatty Acid Intake and Muscle Soreness in Collegiate Rowers
Creators: name: Carswell, Danica
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2010

description: The primary objective of this study was to determine if the intake of omega-3 fatty acids (O3FA), from self-selected foods and supplements, was associated with a reduction in muscle soreness in collegiate rowers. Several groups of collegiate rowers were identified as potential subjects and, using an IRB-approved protocol, 61 volunteers from this subject pool agreed to participate in the study. At the end of the first week of fall practice, subjects were asked to provide information on age, weight, height, ethnicity, rowing level, sun exposure, exercise regimen, pre- and peak-soreness and exertion levels, hydration status, and food/supplement intake. A Talag scale was used to determine the severity of muscle soreness, and a modified Borg scale was used to determine the exertion intensity level. A food frequency questionnaire using a 10-point Likert scale was used to assess food and supplement intake, with a special focus on O3FA. Subjects with a higher intake of EPA/DHA rich bottled supplemental fish oil, taken by spoon, had significantly higher soreness levels than those with lower intakes (p = 0.028). Higher soreness was also significantly associated with higher intake of EPA/DHA rich fish oil capsules (p < 0.001). Lower soreness was significantly associated with higher fruit intake (p = 0.030). These findings suggest that high intakes of O3FA from fish oils, regardless of liquid or capsule form, may be contraindicated for collegiate rowers wishing to reduce muscle soreness. Recommending fruit intake may be warranted for rowers wishing to reduce muscle soreness.
The Effectiveness of a Short Food Frequency Questionnaire in Determining the Adequacy of Vitamin D Intake in Children
Creators: name: Russell, Caitlin
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2010

description: Background: Studies have consistently found a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in adolescents. Few validated dietary intake assessment tools for vitamin D exist for adolescents.

Objective:  The aim of this study was to determine if a short food frequency questionnaire (SFFQ) can be used to effectively assess vitamin D intake in adolescents compared to a previously validated long food frequency questionnaire (LFFQ). 

Participants/setting:  140 healthy 6-12 year old (male n=81) Caucasian and African American (n=94) children from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania completed a SFFQ and LFFQ at two time points 6 months apart.

Main outcome measures: Reliability and validity of a SFFQ by comparison with a previously validated LFFQ for children and adolescents.

Statistical analysis: Reliability, validity, sensitivity, specificity, positive, and negative predictive values were assessed using Pearson correlation coefficients.

Results:  Mean vitamin D intake from the SFFQ (range, 434 to 485 IU) was higher than the LFFQ (range, 320 to 378 IU). Overall association between the SFFQ and the LFFQ for vitamin D intake was modest (r=0.36, P<0.001). When stratified by race, the overall degree of association was weak for African Americans (r=0.26, P=0.001) and moderate for Caucasians (r=0.57, P<0.001). Overall reliability testing results were modest and significant for the LFFQ (r=0.28, P=0.002) and SFFQ (r=0.33, P<0.001). Association between mean vitamin D intake from LFFQs and SFFQs was used to determine validity. The association for validity was found to be modest (r=0.51, P<0.001). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for the SFFQ were 90%, 64%, 0.78, and 0.58, respectively.  

Conclusion:  The SFFQ was found to be modestly valid and reliable in an early adolescent population. Associations between African Americans were not as strong as Caucasians which may be due to errors in reporting dietary consumption related to higher body weight.
The case for Bengt af Klintberg
Creators: name: Friedman, Ken
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: This essay started as a collision at three conceptual intersections. The first intersection is historical. It represents the meeting of Robert Filliou's (1971a) Research at the Stedelijk with Gustave Flaubert's (1976, 1994, 2005) Dictionary of Received Ideas. The second intersection is economic and philosophical. It involves the intersection of knowledge production and research methodology, not the study of specific research methods but the comparative study of methods in the larger framework of a philosophy of science. The third intersection is the intersection of performance practice where it meets the 'framework for a generative dictionary of key themes and terms in contemporary performance research' (Allen, Kerr, and Thompson 2006: 55). [Introduction]
Halftime Hydration and Snacking Practices in Collegiate and Professional Basketball and Football Players
Creators: name: Nathanson, Desiree
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2010

description: 
Background: Sustaining a hydration state and energy status during competition is important for athletes, yet there is no current evidence in the literature that halftime hydration and snacking practices of basketball and football players have been assessed. Under ideal circumstances, proper hydration and food consumption practices should be followed by basketball and football players before, during and after practices and competitions because both sports involve fast rate of energy utilization with a concomitant increase in sweat production.
Objectives: This study aimed to improve our understanding of the halftime hydration and snacking practices used by basketball and football players at the collegiate and professional levels.
Methods: A total of 122 subjects filled out a halftime habit survey. The survey was completely anonymous to protect the identity of the athletes participating in the study. Athletic trainers and coaches of basketball and football teams, athlete agents, other athletic team employees, and players were contacted and provided with copies of a questionnaire to distribute to athletes. Data were analyzed using PASW Statistics 18. Data for height and weight were analyzed using descriptive statistics and all remaining data were analyzed using crosstabs and included a Chi Square Test.
Results: Of the beverages consumed by the 122 athletes surveyed, there was a statistically significant difference between sports in the consumption of Gatorade (n=89, p-.045), Powerade (n=41, p<.001), Powerade Zero (n=1, p=.020), and water (n=96, p=.049). There was a statistically significant difference between sports in the consumption of energy bars (n=62, p=<.001) and fresh fruit (n=41, p=.033). There was a statistically significant difference between sports in the purchase of snacks for halftime (p=.004) and the frequency of halftime snacking habits (p<.001). There is a statistically significant difference between sports in the halftime recommendations of teams for both hydration (p<.001) and snacking (p<.001). There is a statistically significant difference among sports in the influence of first half drinking practices on halftime hydration habits (p=.035). There is a statistically significant difference among sports in the extent of weight lost during a game (p<.001).
Conclusions: The results of this study show that athletes have the time and resources to drink and snack a the halftime break to replenish glycogen stores and rehydrate for the second half of the game. Athletes, whether by recommendation or by habit, consume a variety of beverages and snacks during the halftime breaks of games. It is still uncertain as to whether or not these hydration and snacking habits actually replenish glycogen stores and rehydrate the athletes for the second half of games. Future studies should be done to determine whether the hydration and snacking habits are maintaining hydration and sustaining blood glucose for better performance.
The Use and Knowledge of Olive Oil and Other Lipids in a Collegiate Student Population
Creators: name: Benyazza, Samir
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2010

description: Purpose: Evidence suggests that olive oil consumption is associated with a decreased prevalence of cardiovascular disease and certain cancers. The purpose of this study was to assess the intake and knowledge of olive oil and other lipids in a collegiate population.
Methods: Using an IRB-approved protocol, volunteered college students (N=56) from the college of Health and Human Sciences at Georgia State University completed a questionnaire on lipid and knowledge and eating behavior. Results were assessed to determine if students were able to accurately answer questions on the contents of different lipids, and also to determine the consumption behaviors of different lipids. Statistical comparisons were made between undergraduate and graduate students, and between students in different academic majors (nutrition, nursing, respiratory therapy, social work, criminal justice, and other).
Results: It was hypothesized that eating behaviors would overemphasize unhealthy lipids.ÿ Lipids assessed included: olive oil, butter, canola oil, peanut oil, corn oil, margarine, sunflower oil, and soybean oil.ÿ There were no statistically significant differences between the ratios of consumed lipids labeled as ?good?, and lipids labeled as ?bad?.ÿ There were also no statistically significant differences in the presence of ?good? to ?bad? lipids in the subjects? kitchens.ÿ Therefore, the results of this study were not able to disprove the null hypothesis.ÿ Nevertheless, using a Likert scale response scheme, there was a difference (p=0.041) between academic majors in the consumption of canola oil (an oil high in monounsaturated fatty acid), with Nursing majors reporting the highest consumption (X=3.73; SD=1.61) and Respiratory Therapy majors reporting the lowest consumption (X=1.89; SD=1.53).ÿ There was no statistically significant difference between graduate and undergraduate students in the presence of lipids in the kitchen.
It was hypothesized that subject knowledge of lipid constituents would be poor. The majority of subjects either failed to respond correctly to the constituents of different lipids or reported that they did not know.ÿ Based on this result, the study is able to reject the lipid knowledge null hypothesis.ÿ There were clear differences in subgroup knowledge of commonly consumed lipids.ÿ Most notably, 100% of nutrition students responded correctly to the constituents of olive oil.
Conclusions: This study focused on a group of college students in the College of Health and Human Sciences.ÿ One might assume that such a population would be sensitive and knowledgeable about key dietary factors that may influence disease risk.ÿ Nevertheless, these findings indicate that, except for isolated exceptions, the eating behaviors and lipid knowledge of these students in not at a level that could be considered health promoting. This suggests that, even with students in the health sciences, personal health classes are likely to be beneficial in reducing disease prevalence.
Oxidized Lipid and its Association with Markers of Adiposity NHANES-2005-06
Creators: name: Arora, Payal
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2011

description: Background: Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are found in nuts and seeds, salad dressings and vegetable oil and are prone to oxidation during storage and food preparation. Evidence supports that consumption of oxidized lipids promotes atherosclerosis and glucose intolerance in animal models. However there is a dearth of evidence with regard to the amount of oxidized lipids consumed and its association with parameters of adiposity and glucose homeostasis in humans.
Objective: The objective of this study is to estimate the amount of oxidized lipids in common foods and the oxidized lipid consumption in the US population using the data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-06. The second objective of this study is to investigate if there is an association between consumption of oxidized lipids with markers of adiposity and glucose tolerance.
Methods- Foods with possible high oxidized lipid content were selected from the NHANES food frequency questionnaire. Oxidized lipid content /Peroxide Values (PV) of these foods were determined from published values in the literature. Oxidized lipid consumption was stratified into tertiles to determine the relationship between consumption of oxidized lipids and markers of adiposity. Regression analysis was used to explore to the extent to which body fat % and HOMA- IR scores could be attributed to oxidized lipid intake.
Results- The estimated mean daily consumption of oxidized lipids was 0.625 meq/kg of fat for the US population. Estimated mean consumption of oxidized lipids was significantly greater in men compared to women, in children compared to adults and among African Americans compared to other races. In both men and women it was observed that the markers of adiposity like body fat%, waist circumference, triceps skinfold decreased significantly with increased consumption of oxidized lipids. However in women (below 18 years) there was a significant increase in HOMA-IR with increased consumption of oxidized lipids.
Conclusion- Increased consumption of oxidized lipids is associated with decreased fat mass but increased glucose intolerance in women, but not in men.
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title: Etude par LES avec TrioCFD des modifications des structures turbulentes thermiques induites par les variations des propriétés thermophysiques de l'eau
Creators: name: Roumet, Elie
name: Nop, Raksmy
name: Dorville, Nicolas
name: Duluc, Marie-Christine
Publisher: name: Société Française de Thermique
Year: 2024
Subjects: TrioCFD
Structures turbulentes thermiques
Simulation numérique

description: L'étude de l'accident de type BORAX est cruciale pour la sûreté des réacteurs nucléaires expérimentaux de type piscine. Cet accident est caractérisé par une insertion brutale de réactivité engendrant une excursion exponentielle de puissance avec un temps caractéristique de l'ordre de la dizaine de millisecondes. Cette communication présente l'étude des échanges thermiques turbulents durant la phase monophasique d'un tel transitoire par simulation numérique avec une approche LES utilisant le code TRUST/TrioCFD développé au Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA). Nous examinerons spécifiquement l'influence de la variation des propriétés thermophysiques avec la température sur les mécanismes de transfert thermique.
Surface hydrophobicity of particles and bacteria in Melbourne's water storage system
Creators: name: Tomlinson, Steven
name: Kelly, Fiona
name: Palombo, Enzo
name: Harding, Ian
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: An important parameter in describing bacterial adhesion to particles -- hydrophobicity -- has been investigated for bacteria and particles found within Melbourne’s water storage system. Data was obtained using two commonly-employed methods: contact angle measurement (CAM) and the adhesion to hydrocarbon (ATH) assay. The adhesion to hexadecane of particles collected from Silvan reservoir was found to decrease significantly when organic matter was removed from their surface by oxidation, although contact angle was not as significantly affected. The rate of conditioning film (CF) deposition was also determined, with exposure of glass slides to filtered water resulting in an increased contact angle. For the bacterial strains studied, interfacial surface tension and surface free energy parameters were calculated, thereby allowing hydrophobicity to be quantified. Change in adhesion to hexadecane of bacteria exposed to starvation conditions for two weeks was also investigated.
The art of satire and social commentary: From Animal Farm and Laugh or Lament to Wild Wise Weird
Creators: name: Duong, Minh-Phuong Thi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Satire has long been a powerful way to encourage critical thinking, urging readers to reflect on the moral, political, and social forces that shape their world. By mixing humor with critique, satirical writing not only makes us laugh but also invites deeper reflection on human nature, social values, and how society is organized. This style of writing pushes readers to question the values and social norms we've long accepted without thought, as well as the societal structures we often take for granted.
DRESS induced by amoxicillin-clavulanate in two pediatric patients confirmed by lymphocyte toxicity assay
Creators: name: Dhir, Arun
name: Kular, Hasandeep
name: Elzagallaai, Abdelbaset A.
name: Carleton, Bruce C.
name: Rieder, Michael J.
name: Mak, Raymond
name: Wong, Tiffany
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2021

description: Background: Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) is a rare but serious delayed hypersensitivity reaction that can be caused by antibiotic exposure. The reaction typically develops in 2 to 6 weeks. The pathophysiology is thought to involve toxic drug metabolites acting as a hapten, triggering a systemic response. The diagnosis is made clinically but can be confirmed using assays such as the lymphocyte toxicity assay (LTA), which correlates cell death upon exposure to drug metabolites with susceptibility to hypersensitivity reactions. Case presentations: Case 1 involves a previously healthy 11-month-old male with first exposure to amoxicillin-clavulanate, prescribed for seven days to treat a respiratory infection. The patient developed DRESS fourteen days after starting the drug and was successfully treated with corticosteroids. LTA testing confirmed patient susceptibility to hypersensitivity reactions with amoxicillin-clavulanate. Parental samples were also tested, showing both maternal and paternal susceptibility. Neither parent reported prior hypersensitivity reactions. Lifelong penicillin avoidance for the patient was advised along with the notation in medical records of penicillin allergy. The parents were advised to avoid penicillin class antibiotics and be monitored closely for DRESS if they are exposed. Case 2 involves an 11-year-old female with atopic dermatitis with first exposure to amoxicillin-clavulanate, prescribed for ten days to treat a secondary bacterial skin infection. She developed DRESS eleven days after starting antibiotics and was successfully treated with corticosteroids. LTA testing confirmed patient susceptibility to hypersensitivity reactions with amoxicillin-clavulanate. Maternal samples were also tested and showed sensitivity. The mother reported no prior hypersensitivity reactions. Lifelong penicillin avoidance for the patient was advised along with the notation in medical records of penicillin allergy. Conclusions: Amoxicillin-clavulanate is a commonly used antibiotic and the cases we have described suggest that it should be recognized as a potential cause of DRESS in pediatric patients. Furthermore, these cases contribute to current literature supporting that there may be a shorter latent period in DRESS induced by antibiotics. We have also shown that the LTA can be a helpful tool to confirm DRESS reactions, and that testing may have potential implications for family members.
Kinerja Pegawai Dalam Peningkatan Kualitas Pelayanan Adiministrasi Kependudukan di Kantor Camat Ongka Malino Kabupaten Parigi Moutong
Creators: name: Siti Sopia¹, Arifin Tahir², Sri Yulianty Mozin³
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description:
A Lesson from the Urban Garden
Creators: name: Hamblin, Jamie
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2011

description: Purpose: In 2008 the world?s urban population surpassed the rural population; furthermore, the United Nations estimates by 2025 the world?s urban population will increase by about one billion people. Given recent population shifts and the interconnectedness between food and health, this research examines the role of agriculture in addressing urban food insecurity by reviewing urban interventions with a goal of food production.
Methods: Using the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework, an adjusted theoretical framework was developed which accounted for negative implications of these interventions as well as sustainability. Ultimately, the framework generated a food security score respective of each project. Using this score, statistical tests were conducted to confirm characteristics of more effective projects.
Results: Statistical analysis indicates food security score has a strong correlation with physical, future and social capital (0.72, 0.73 and 0.80 respectively). Food security score has a moderate correlation with duration of project and a strong correlation with number of project components (0.60 and 0.83). Furthermore, mean food security score of projects which used participatory methods was statistically different than mean food security score of projects which did not use participatory methods (p=0.01).
Conclusions: Participatory methods prove an important aspect of an urban agricultural intervention. Statistical results affirm urban food insecurity should be addressed through an integrated strategy which considers long-term viability of the project. Food security score, developed for this research, can help identify valuable components of interventions; however, this system is fairly subjective with some limitations.
Child Feeding Practices of WIC Participants in Gwinnett County, Georgia
Creators: name: Askew, Jenny
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2011

description: Mothers of low socioeconomic status are less likely to breastfeed and more likely to formula feed. In addition, low socioeconomic status is associated with a premature introduction of cow?s milk, juice and solid foods. Negative outcomes such as asthma, diabetes and obesity later in life may result from improper child feeding practices. The aim of this study was to determine if WIC participants in Gwinnett County, Georgia are practicing child feeding recommendations set forth by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) as well as following the Division of Responsibility in feeding developed by Ellyn Satter. Ninety-six WIC participants (92% mothers) primarily African American (39%) and Hispanic (35%) from Gwinnett County, Georgia were surveyed in March of 2011. Participants completed one of three surveys based on their method of feeding (breastfeeding, formula feeding or solid foods) after a nutrition education class. Compliance to feeding recommendations was determined among the entire survey population and by survey subgroups. Frequency distributions by method of feeding were calculated by age and race. Trends in feeding practices and the feeding environment were determined. Ten percent of participants surveyed reported breastfeeding, 22% reported formula feeding and 68% reported feeding solid foods. Participants who were not following AAP guidelines reported that they received advice primarily from health care professionals. Our results are consistent with previous research in that breastfeeding rates were low, the introduction of solids was early, and caregivers reported controlling feeding behaviors. Future research should focus on understanding the child feeding practices and beliefs of health care professionals.
The Relationship Between Vitamin D and Calcium/Dairy Intake and Obesity in Children
Creators: name: Barry, Jason
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2011

description: Objective: The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between vitamin D and calcium intake and obesity in a population of young adolescents who participated in a Vitamin D and Sunlight Exposure study in Pittsburgh, PA.
Participants: 252 healthy 6 to 14.9 year old young adolescents (54% male, 69% African American) were recruited between June 2006 and December 2009.
Main outcome measures: Weight status, BMI, vitamin D intake, calcium intake, vitamin D and calcium rich food intake.
Results: A significant difference by race was observed with 30.1% of African Americans and 8.5% of Caucasians being obese (P<0.01). No difference was found by gender. Median (25%, 75%) vitamin D intake in the total population was 254.9 IU (146.8, 407.3) which is below the level recommended by the Institute of Medicine. Median calcium intake in the total population was 1193.6 mg (752.8, 1161.1) which met recommended guidelines. Median vitamin D intake differed by weight status (normal, overweight, obese) in the total population (259.5 IU, 325.2 IU and 181.9 IU, respectively; P=0.015). A similar pattern was observed for calcium (1193.4 mg, 1416.3 mg and 911.6 mg, respectively; P=0.016). No correlation was found between vitamin D or calcium intake and BMI in the total population or by race and gender.
Conclusion: Vitamin D and calcium intake was significantly different based on weight status, particularly in obese and African American subjects. Vitamin D intake in the population was reportedly below recommended guidelines. Further research is necessary to determine the ideal vitamin D and calcium intake in children for optimal health status, including longitudinal studies to better assess the relationship between vitamin D and calcium intake and weight status.?
Studies of universality in strongly interacting 6Li Fermi gases with Bragg spectroscopy
Creators: name: Kuhnle, Eva Dorothy
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Universal relations for dilute, strongly interacting Fermi systems can be studied in ultracold fermionic 6Li quantum gases using Bragg spectroscopy. Standard techniques of laser trapping and cooling of atoms are applied to evaporate fermionic gases below the critical temperature for superfluidity, TC. The atoms are prepared to equally populate the lowest two spin states and the interaction between atoms of opposite spin is precisely tunable via a Feshbach resonance. A unitary Fermi gas represents a special case where the interactions are categorised as strong, that is, the range of interaction exceeds the range of the interatomic potential. Elastic collisions in the gas become unitarity limited and independent of details of the atomic properties. This universality is a property of unitary Fermi gases and the universal relations adequately describe the thermodynamic behaviour of these gases. The universal contact parameter is a central quantity that encapsulates the microscopic details of the system and varies with the temperature and interaction strength. The principal topic of this thesis is the use of Bragg spectroscopy as a tool to measure the universal contact in trapped Fermi gases. The contact parameter quantifies the short-range pair correlation function according to a universal law. Inelastic Bragg scattering of photons allows one to measure the static structure factor, which is by definition the Fourier transform of the pair correlation function. Due to this well defined relation between the contact and Bragg spectra, the universal relation for the static structure factor is experimentally verified for a range of transferred momenta, k/kF = 3.5 − 9.1, in agreement with the theoretical predictions. The contact in the zero-temperature limit at different interaction strengths as well as in the unitarity limit at different temperatures agrees well with the calculations. The contact at unitarity decreases monotonically for T/TF = 0 − 1 but has a non-zero value well above the critical temperature TC ≈ 0.2 TF . The contact parameter may offer new insights into criticality or complex superfluid pairing mechanisms such as pseudogap-pairing.
Successful incorporation of single reviewer assessments during systematic review screening: development and validation of sensitivity and work-saved of an algorithm that considers exclusion criteria and count
Creators: name: Nama, Nassr
name: Hennawy, Mirna
name: Barrowman, Nick
name: O’Hearn, Katie
name: Sampson, Margaret
name: McNally, James D
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2021

description: Background: Accepted systematic review (SR) methodology requires citation screening by two reviewers to maximise retrieval of eligible studies. We hypothesized that records could be excluded by a single reviewer without loss of sensitivity in two conditions; the record was ineligible for multiple reasons, or the record was ineligible for one or more specific reasons that could be reliably assessed. Methods: Twenty-four SRs performed at CHEO, a pediatric health care and research centre in Ottawa, Canada, were divided into derivation and validation sets. Exclusion criteria during abstract screening were sorted into 11 specific categories, with loss in sensitivity determined by individual category and by number of exclusion criteria endorsed. Five single reviewer algorithms that combined individual categories and multiple exclusion criteria were then tested on the derivation and validation sets, with success defined a priori as less than 5% loss of sensitivity. Results: The 24 SRs included 930 eligible and 27390 ineligible citations. The reviews were mostly focused on pediatrics (70.8%, N=17/24), but covered various specialties. Using a single reviewer to exclude any citation led to an average loss of sensitivity of 8.6% (95%CI, 6.0–12.1%). Excluding citations with ≥2 exclusion criteria led to 1.2% average loss of sensitivity (95%CI, 0.5–3.1%). Five specific exclusion criteria performed with perfect sensitivity: conference abstract, ineligible age group, case report/series, not human research, and review article. In the derivation set, the five algorithms achieved a loss of sensitivity ranging from 0.0 to 1.9% and work-saved ranging from 14.8 to 39.1%. In the validation set, the loss of sensitivity for all 5 algorithms remained below 2.6%, with work-saved between 10.5% and 48.2%. Conclusions: Findings suggest that targeted application of single-reviewer screening, considering both type and number of exclusion criteria, could retain sensitivity and significantly decrease workload. Further research is required to investigate the potential for combining this approach with crowdsourcing or machine learning methodologies.
title: Défis et Innovations en Thermique des Semi- Conducteurs WBG : Modélisation Dynamique et Validations Expérimentales
Creators: name: Berramdane, Mohammed Riadh
Publisher: name: Société Française de Thermique
Year: 2024
Subjects: Semi
conducteurs WBG
Simulation Eléments Finis
Modèle autorégressif à variables exogènes (ARX)

description: Dans le domaine de l'électronique de puissance, la gestion de la température des composants est un enjeu crucial, surtout avec l'émergence des composants à large bande interdite (WBG) qui fonctionnent à des fréquences de commutation élevées et avec des courants importants. Ces caractéristiques entraînent des pertes par commutation significatives et une augmentation de la température, ce qui soulève des défis majeurs pour leur contrôle. La température de jonction, un paramètre essentiel dans ce contexte, est difficile à mesurer directement. Compte tenu de la limite maximale de température fixée par les fabricants, il devient impératif d'estimer cette température de manière précise. Dans notre travail, nous avons observé que les modèles de réseaux thermique, tels que les modèles de Foster et de Cauer, sont fréquemment utilisés pour simuler le comportement dynamique des semi-conducteurs. Nous avons proposé une méthode basée sur une simulation FEM (Finite Element Method) en régime permanent (steady state). Cette approche nous a permis de définir les angles de diffusion et d'effectuer plusieurs étapes de traitement des données de température sur les différentes couches du semi-conducteur pour pouvoir modéliser notre modèle Cauer en calculant les résistances thermiques et capacités thermiques de chaque couche. Cependant, ces modèles présentent des limitations, notamment en ce qui concerne la modélisation FEM qui s'avère complexe, en raison des difficultés à obtenir des informations précises sur les propriétés physiques et thermiques des puces. Face à cette contrainte, nous avons exploré l'utilisation d'un modèle autorégressif à variables exogènes (ARX), que nous allons identifier en nous basant sur des mesures effectuées à partir d'un banc d'essai expérimental. Cette méthode offre une alternative viable à la simulation FEM, en raison de sa capacité à s'adapter aux données expérimentales réelles. Dans le cadre du présent travail, nous avons effectué une comparaison entre les résultats obtenus à partir de simulations 3D effectuées sur le logiciel COMSOL en régime dynamique et ceux générés par notre méthode proposée pour identifier le modèle de Cauer. Parallèlement, nous avons comparé ces résultats avec ceux obtenus à partir du modèle ARX, identifié grâce aux mesures issues de la simulation dynamique COMSOL. L'objectif était de déterminer quelle méthode reproduit le mieux le comportement dynamique des semi-conducteurs WBG. Pour compléter notre étude, nous avons réalisé un banc d'essai expérimental permettant d'identifier un modèle ARX pour la mesure de la température. Ce modèle a été développé en plaçant un capteur à proximité immédiate des puces (CTN), afin de recueillir des données de température en temps réel.
Organigrama de MetaDocencia
Creators: name: Míguez, María Paz
name: Palopoli, Nicolás
name: Ación, Laura
name: Ascenzi, Laura
name: Vazano, Irene
name: Buede, Julián
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Comunidad
Institucional

description: Este esquema permite identificar grados de responsabilidad pero a la vez, busca ser lo suficientemente dinámico para promover el trabajo colaborativo y el compromiso, la confianza, el reconocimiento y las oportunidades de crecimiento de las personas que hacemos MetaDocencia
Simulation of spectroscopic properties of atoms and molecules
Creators: name: Selvam, Lalitha
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Chemical phenomena are largely determined by the behaviour of electrons in atoms or molecules. Knowledge on electronic properties is of key importance to understand chemical reactions. In this study, electronic structures of molecules are studied from the perspectives of both coordinate space and momentum space. The latter enables us to further simulate positron annihilation spectra of noble gas atoms and small molecules under appropriate conditions. The responses of perfluoro effects in benzene and structural modifications in cytidine nucleoside analogues are revealed through spectroscopic information, in addition to properties such as geometries, intra-molecular interactions, vibrational spectra and atomic site dependent properties such as, charges and Fukui functions. Simulated spectra and orbital momentum distributions (MDs) are validated with the available experimental results. It is observed that density functional theory (DFT) models, in combination with adequate basis sets, are able to produce optimal results for various properties. The orbital based signatures which are associated with the uniqueness of the chemical bonding of the molecules are revealed. From electron momentum distributions, we have calculated gamma-ray spectra for positron annihilation of noble gas atoms and small molecules based on an innovative “low energy plane wave positron” (LEPWP) approximation. We found that the annihilation line shapes, ε, depend significantly on their principal quantum number n and orbital angular momentum quantum number l of the noble gases, whereas in small molecules, the innermost valence orbital was found to produce reasonable agreement with the experiment.
Aktualisierung von nationalen und internationalen Ressourcenkennzahlen
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Ressourcenverbrauch
subject: Kenngröße
subject: Bewertungskriterium
subject: Berechnung
subject: Internationaler Vergleich
subject: Rohstoffnutzung
subject: Rohstoffverbrauch
subject: Kennzahl
subject: Abbau von natürlichen Ressourcen
subject: Inländischer Materialverbrauch
subject: Rohstoff
subject: Fossile Energievorkommen
subject: Ressourcen an Rohstoffen
subject: Handelsbilanz
subject: Abfall | Ressourcen
subject: Waste | Resources

description: Die Studie 'Aktualisierung von nationalen und internationalen Ressourcenkennzahlen' umfasst 3 Teile. Im ersten Teil wurden wichtige Ressourcenkennzahlen für Deutschland wie der heimische Materialverbrauch (DMC) und der gesamte Materialinput (⁠TMR⁠) bis zum Jahr 2008 aktualisiert. Die im Folgenden dargestellten Ergebnisse orientieren sich in Aufbau, Differenzierungen und Begrifflichkeiten sowie Methodik an der genannten bereits vorliegenden Studie.
The Nutrition Environment Measurements Survey: An Assessment of the Vending Machine Food and Drink Environment at Georgia State University
Creators: name: DePriest, Ashley
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2011

description: Purpose: Vending machines are a component of the food environment that influences dietary choices. Previous vending machine studies have focused on schools and work sites. The purpose of this study was to utilize the Nutrition Environment Measurements Survey-Vending (NEMS-V) online tool to evaluate and rank the nutritional value of the vending environment of a large urban university.
Methods: A sample size of 40 vending machines at Georgia State University (GSU) was chosen. A list of products in each machine was recorded and given either a red, yellow or green ranking based on their nutrient content. Finally, the NEMS-V online tool was used to generate a report card for each individual machine and for the entire university.
Results: No vending machines were given either the Gold (greater than 50% items ranked green or yellow) or Silver (greater than 40% items ranked green or yellow) ranking. Five machines were given the Bronze level ranking, which meant the machines contained at least 30% yellow or green items. The remaining 35 machines contained less than 30% green or yellow items and were therefore not able to be awarded a ranking. Out of the 40 total machines sampled, less than 30% of them could be ranked and therefore the university could not be given an overall award.   Conclusions: The poor nutritional quality of the vending environment at Georgia State University indicates a need for change. Improving the number of vending items from red to yellow or green will offer more variety and more nutritious choices for students.
Factors Associated with Bone Mineral Density in Elite Female Gymnasts
Creators: name: Millson, Erin
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2012

description: Results:  Age of gymnasts was positively associated with BMD at all measured sites (p <0.001; r=0.62-0.68).  Weight was positively associated with BMD at all measured sites (p <0.001; r=0.82-0.90).  Lean body mass was positively associated with BMD at all measured sites (p <0.001; r=0.74-0.87).  Body fat percentage was positively associated with BMD at all measured sites (p <0.001-p=0.01; r=0.39-0.54).  However, calcium intake was not significantly associated with any of the BMD sites.  Sunlight exposure and indirect estimates of vitamin D were not significantly associated with any of the BMD sites; all r-values indicated a weak positive association with BMD. Of the gymnasts who had experienced menses (n=15), those with regular menstrual periods (n=8) had significantly higher BMD values at the arm, leg, trunk, rib, and spine, and total body than those who did not have regular menstrual periods (n=7).  There was no significant difference in BMD for gymnasts who had regular periods at the pelvis.  A regression analysis was performed.  The predictors total BMD values from the regression equation were the following:  regular menses, height, weight, percent kilocalorie requirement consumed from predicted kilocalorie needs, calcium intake with supplements, lean body mass, hourly deficits >300 kilocalories from predicted kilocalorie needs, and hourly surpluses >300 kilocalories from predicted kilocalorie needs.
Teacher Practices, Attitudes, and Perceptions About  the Decatur Farm to School Program
Creators: name: Kucelin, Ana
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2011

description: Purpose: Farm to School (F2S) Programs are increasing in number across the United States, yet research on teachers? perceptions and practices about F2S is limited. Teachers are a key component of any F2S program, since their acceptance and support influences program implementation and sustainability. The purpose of this study was to examine teacher practices, attitudes, and perceptions about the Decatur F2S Program.
Methods: City Schools of Decatur teachers completed a questionnaire designed to obtain information concerning their practices, attitudes, and perceptions regarding the Decatur F2S Program. Participants indicated their level of agreement with 18 statements using a Likert scale rating, answered an open-ended question, and recorded both implemented and desired F2S activities. Cumulative frequencies were determined for all questionnaire items, and themes were extracted for the open-ended question.
Results: Seventy percent of K ? 12 teachers would like to see F2S activities implemented in their classroom, and 28% of these teachers already implement some F2S activity. The majority of teachers had positive perceptions about the Decatur Farm to School Program?s impact on students, the local economy, and the environment. Teachers perceived that the F2S programs encompassed four themes: 1) supplying schools with locally grown foods; 2) educating children on healthy eating, food, and nutrition; 3) educating children on gardening and growing foods; and 4) building a strong connection between local farms, schools, and communities.
Conclusion: There is a high degree of interest and support for the Decatur F2S Program by City Schools of Decatur teachers, which is consistent with efforts to implement F2S Programs across the country. Most teachers were not familiar with the CSD F2S Program but would desire F2S activities in their schools.