cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
IndicBART: A Pre-trained Model for Indic Natural Language Generation
Creators: name: Dabre, Raj
name: Shrotriya, Himani
name: Kunchukuttan, Anoop
name: Puduppully, Ratish
name: Khapra, Mitesh M.
name: Kumar, Pratyush
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we study pre-trained sequence-to-sequence models for a group of related languages, with a focus on Indic languages. We present IndicBART, a multilingual, sequence-to-sequence pre-trained model focusing on 11 Indic languages and English. IndicBART utilizes the orthographic similarity between Indic scripts to improve transfer learning between similar Indic languages. We evaluate IndicBART on two NLG tasks: Neural Machine Translation (NMT) and extreme summarization. Our experiments on NMT and extreme summarization show that a model specific to related languages like IndicBART is competitive with large pre-trained models like mBART50 despite being significantly smaller. It also performs well on very low-resource translation scenarios where languages are not included in pre-training or fine-tuning. Script sharing, multilingual training, and better utilization of limited model capacity contribute to the good performance of the compact IndicBART model.
description: Published at ACL 2022, 15 pages
Non-Schwarzschild black-hole metric in four dimensional higher derivative gravity: analytical approximation
Creators: name: Kokkotas, K.
name: Konoplya, R. A.
name: Zhidenko, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Higher derivative extensions of Einstein gravity are important within the string theory approach to gravity and as alternative and effective theories of gravity. H. Lü, A. Perkins, C. Pope, K. Stelle [Phys.Rev.Lett. 114 (2015), 171601] found a numerical solution describing a spherically symmetric non-Schwarzschild asymptotically flat black hole in the Einstein gravity with added higher derivative terms. Using the general and quickly convergent parametrization in terms of the continued fractions, we represent this numerical solution in the analytical form, which is accurate not only near the event horizon or far from black hole, but in the whole space. Thereby, the obtained analytical form of the metric allows one to study easily all the further properties of the black hole, such as thermodynamics, Hawking radiation, particle motion, accretion, perturbations, stability, quasinormal spectrum, etc. Thus, the found analytical approximate representation can serve in the same way as an exact solution.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, 1 ancillary Mathematica(R) notebook
Retrocausal Quantum Effects from Broken Time Reversal Symmetry
Creators: name: Pradhan, Rajat Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum effects arising from manifestly broken time-reversal symmetry are investigated using time-dependent perturbation theory in a simple model. The forward time and the backward time Hamiltonians are taken to be different and hence the forward and backward amplitudes become unsymmetrical and are not complex conjugates of each other. The effects vanish when the symmetry breaking term is absent and ordinary quantum mechanical results such as Fermi Golden rule are recovered.
description: 6 pages
Induced Bremsstrahlung by light in graphene
Creators: name: Villavicencio, Cristian
name: Raya, Alfredo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the generation of an electromagnetic current in monolayer graphene immersed in a weak perpendicular magnetic field and radiated with linearly polarized monochromatic light. Such a current emits Bremsstrahlung radiation with the same amplitude above and below the plane of the sample, in the latter case consistent with the small amount of light absorption in the material. This mechanism could be an important contribution for the reflexion of light phenomenon in graphene.
description: 3 pages, 1 figure. To appear in Revista Mexicana de Fisica
Determining the smallest worthwhile effect of guideline recommended treatments for acute and chronic low back pain
Creators: name: Hansford, Harrison
name: Jones, Matthew
name: Wewege, Michael
name: Devonshire, Jack
name: Ferraro, Michael
name: Cashin, Aidan
name: Sharma, Saurab
name: Williams, Sam
name: Chiarotto, Alessandro
name: Ostelo, raymond
name: McAuley, James
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: clinical importance
subject: exercise
subject: low back pain
subject: nsaids
subject: Smallest worthwhile effect
subject: SWE

description: Protocol for a cross-sectional study using benefit-harm trade-off and discrete choice experiment to determine the smallest worthwhile effect for nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in acute low back pain and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and exercise for chronic low back pain
Magnetoresistance and surface roughness study of electrodeposited Ni50Co50/Cu multilayers
Creators: name: Tóth, B. G.
name: Péter, L.
name: Dégi, J.
name: Bakonyi, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Room-temperature transport properties (the zero-field resistivity, ρ0, and the GMR) were studied for ED Ni50Co50/Cu multilayers as a function of the individual layer thicknesses and total multilayer thickness. The Cu deposition potential was optimized in order to obtain the preset layer thicknesses. The surface roughness development was studied by AFM, which revealed an exponential roughening with total thickness. The Cu layer thickness strongly influenced the roughness evolution. As expected, ρ0 decreased with increasing Cu layer thickness whereas it increased strongly for large total multilayer thicknesses that could be ascribed to the observed deposit roughening. All multilayers with Cu layer thicknesses above about 1.5 nm exhibited a GMR behavior with a maximum GMR of about 5 %. The GMR decreased for total multilayer thicknesses above about 300 nm due to the strong increase of ρ0, the latter caused by the enhanced roughness. The GMR data indicated the appearance of a current at angle to plane type scattering due to the layer undulations. The thickness evolution of the MR data was analyzed in detail after separating the ferromagnetic and superparamagnetic GMR contributions. It could be established that ED Ni-Co/Cu multilayers do not exhibit an oscillatory GMR behavior with spacer thickness.
description: 27 pages, 11 figures
Assessing requirements engineering and software test alignment -- Five case studies
Creators: name: Unterkalmsteiner, Michael
name: Gorschek, Tony
name: Feldt, Robert
name: Klotins, Eriks
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The development of large, software-intensive systems is a complex undertaking that we generally tackle by a divide and conquer strategy. Companies thereby face the challenge of coordinating individual aspects of software development, in particular between requirements engineering (RE) and software testing (ST). A lack of REST alignment can not only lead to wasted effort but also to defective software. However, before a company can improve the mechanisms of coordination they need to be understood first. With REST-bench we aim at providing an assessment tool that illustrates the coordination in software development projects and identify concrete improvement opportunities. We have developed REST-bench on the sound fundamentals of a taxonomy on REST alignment methods and validated the method in five case studies. Following the principles of technical action research, we collaborated with five companies, applying REST-bench and iteratively improving the method based on the lessons we learned. We applied REST-bench both in Agile and plan-driven environments, in projects lasting from weeks to years, and staffed as large as 1000 employees. The improvement opportunities we identified and the feedback we received indicate that the assessment was effective and efficient. Furthermore, participants confirmed that their understanding on the coordination between RE and ST improved.
Generation of silicone poly-HIPES with controlled pore sizes via reactive emulsion stabilization
Creators: name: Giustiniani, Anaïs
name: Guégan, Philippe
name: Marchand, Manon
name: Poulard, Christophe
name: Drenckhan, Wiebke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Macrocellular silicone polymers are obtained after solidification of the continuous phase of a PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) emulsion, which contains PEG (polyethylene glycol) drops of sub-millimetric dimensions. Coalescence of the liquid template emulsion is prohibited by a reactive blending approach. We investigate in detail the relationship between the interfacial properties and the emulsion stability, and we use micro- and millifluidic techniques to generation macro-cellular polymers with controlled structural properties over a wider range of cell-sizes (0.2-2mm) and volume fractions of the continuous phase (0.1-40%). This approach could easily be transferred to a wide range of polymeric systems.
Quantitative bounds for the $U^4$-inverse theorem over low characteristic finite fields
Creators: name: Tidor, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper gives the first quantitative bounds for the inverse theorem for the Gowers $U^4$-norm over $\mathbb{F}_p^n$ when $p=2,3$. We build upon earlier work of Gowers and Milićević who solved the corresponding problem for $p\geq 5$. Our proof has two main steps: symmetrization and integration of low-characteristic trilinear forms. We are able to solve the integration problem for all $k$-linear forms, but the symmetrization problem we are only able to solve for trilinear forms. We pose several open problems about symmetrization of low-characteristic $k$-linear forms whose resolution, combined with recent work of Gowers and Milićević, would give quantitative bounds for the inverse theorem for the Gowers $U^{k+1}$-norm over $\mathbb{F}_p^n$ for all $k,p$.
description: 17 pages
Teaching gesture and oral computation in Mozambique : four case studies
Creators: name: Draisma, Jan
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Competitive Heterogeneous Nucleation onto a Microscopic Impurity in a Potts Model
Creators: name: Asuquo, Cletus C.
name: McArthur, Danielle
name: Bowles, Richard K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many metastable systems can nucleate to multiple competing stable or intermediate metastable states. In this work, a Potts model, subject to external fields, is used to study the competitive nucleation of two phases attempting to grow on a microscopic impurity. Monte Carlo simulations are used to calculate the free energy surfaces for the system under different conditions, where the relative stability of the phases is adjusted by changing the interaction parameters, and the nucleation rates obtained using multicomponent transition state theory are compared with the rates measured using the survival probability method. We find that the two methods predict similar nucleation rates when the free energy barrier used in the transition state theory is defined as the work required to form a critical embryo from the metastable phase. An analysis of the free energy surfaces also reveals that the competition between the nucleating phases leads to an effective drying of the impurity which slows down the nucleation rate compared to the single phase case.
description: 8 pages, 7 Figures
Electric-field control of the nucleation and motion of isolated three-fold polar vertices
Creators: name: Li, Mingqiang
name: Yang, Tiannan
name: Chen, Pan
name: Wang, Yongjun
name: Zhu, Ruixue
name: Li, Xiaomei
name: Shi, Ruochen
name: Liu, Heng-Jui
name: Huang, Yen-Lin
name: Ma, Xiumei
name: Zhang, Jingmin
name: Bai, Xuedong
name: Chen, Long-Qing
name: Chu, Ying-Hao
name: Gao, Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently various topological polar structures have been discovered in oxide thin films. Despite the increasing evidence of their switchability under electrical and/or mechanical fields, the dynamic property of isolated ones, which is usually required for applications such as data storage, is still absent. Here, we show the controlled nucleation and motion of isolated three-fold vertices under an applied electric field. At the PbTiO3/SrRuO3 interface, a two-unit-cell thick SrTiO3 layer provides electrical boundary conditions for the formation of three-fold vertices. Utilizing the SrTiO3 layer and in situ electrical testing system, we find that isolated three-fold vertices can move in a controllable and reversible manner with a velocity up to ~629 nm s-1. Microstructural evolution of the nucleation and propagation of isolated three-fold vertices is further revealed by phase-field simulations. This work demonstrates the ability to electrically manipulate isolated three-fold vertices, shedding light on the dynamic property of isolated topological polar structures.
Strong laser fields and their power to generate controllable high-photon-number coherent-state superpositions
Creators: name: Rivera-Dean, Javier
name: Lamprou, Theocharis
name: Pisanty, Emilio
name: Stammer, Philipp
name: Ordóñez, Andrés F.
name: Ciappina, Marcelo F.
name: Lewenstein, Maciej
name: Tzallas, Paraskevas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, intensely driven laser-matter interactions have been used to connect the fields of strong laser field physics with quantum optics by generating non-classical states of light. Here, we make a further key step and show the potential of strong laser fields for generating controllable high-photon-number coherent-state superpositions. This has been achieved by using two of the most prominent strong-laser induced processes: high-harmonic generation and above-threshold ionization. We show how the obtained coherent-state superpositions change from an optical Schrödinger "cat" state to a "kitten" state by changing the atomic density in the laser-atom interaction region, and we demonstrate the generation of a 9-photon shifted optical "cat" state which, to our knowledge, is the highest photon number optical "cat" state experimentally reported. Our findings anticipate the development of new methods that naturally lead to the creation of high-photon-number controllable coherent-state superpositions, advancing investigations in quantum technology.
description: Revised version submitted to Physical Review A
Speciation in a MacArthur model predicts growth, stability and adaptation in ecosystems dynamics
Creators: name: Bellavere, Elena
name: Hamster, Christian H. S.
name: Dijksman, Joshua A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ecosystems dynamics is often considered as driven by a coupling of species' resource consumption and its population size dynamics. Such resource-population dynamics is captured by MacArthur-type models. One biologically relevant feature that would also need to be captured by such models is the introduction of new and different species. Speciation introduces a stochastic component in the otherwise deterministic MacArthur theory. We describe here how speciation can be implemented to yield a model that is consistent with current theory on equilibrium resource-consumer models, but also displays readily observable rank diversity metric changes. The model also reproduces a priority effect. Adding speciation to a MacArthur-style model so provides an attractively simple extension to explore the rich dynamics in evolving ecosystems.
"Cold hard words in cyberspace" : a study of non-traditional and traditional distance students, their lecturers and academic learning support
Creators: name: De Fazio, Teresa
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
La scienza svela nuovi segreti delle mummie del museo egizio
Creators: name: Davit, Patrizia
name: Gulmini, Monica
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: archeologia, chimica

description: Chi, da bambino, non ha sognato di fare l’archeologo? E magari, di scoprire una tomba come quella di Tutankhamon e di svelare i segreti nascosti sotto le bende delle mummie… Ma, oltre all’emozione della scoperta, anche il contributo degli studi scientifici su oggetti e manufatti antichi, qualsiasi sia la loro natura, è fondamentale per determinarne l’età, la provenienza e per capire i materiali e le tecniche con cui sono stati realizzati. Continua a leggere
Broadband calibration-free cavity-enhanced complex refractive index spectroscopy using a frequency comb
Creators: name: Johansson, Alexandra C.
name: Rutkowski, Lucile
name: Filipsson, Anna
name: Hausmaninger, Thomas
name: Zhao, Gang
name: Axner, Ove
name: Foltynowicz, Aleksandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present broadband cavity-enhanced complex refractive index spectroscopy (CE-CRIS), a technique for calibration-free determination of the complex refractive index of entire molecular bands via direct measurement of transmission modes of a Fabry-Perot cavity filled with the sample. The measurement of the cavity transmission spectrum is done using an optical frequency comb and a mechanical Fourier transform spectrometer with sub-nominal resolution. Molecular absorption and dispersion spectra (corresponding to the imaginary and real parts of the refractive index) are obtained from the cavity mode broadening and shift retrieved from fits of Lorentzian profiles to the individual cavity modes. This method is calibration-free because the mode broadening and shift are independent of the cavity parameters such as the length and mirror reflectivity. In this first demonstration of broadband CE-CRIS we measure simultaneously the absorption and dispersion spectra of three combination bands of CO2 in the range between 1525 nm and 1620 nm and achieve good agreement with theoretical models. This opens up for precision spectroscopy of the complex refractive index of several molecular bands simultaneously.
Massive Dirac fermions in moiré superlattices: a route towards topological flat minibands
Creators: name: Su, Ying
name: Li, Heqiu
name: Zhang, Chuanwei
name: Sun, Kai
name: Lin, Shi-Zeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a generic mechanism to realize topological flat minibands by confining massive Dirac fermions in a periodic moiré potential, which can be achieved in a heterobilayer of transition metal dichalcogenides. We show that the topological phase can be protected by the symmetry of moiré potential and survive to arbitrarily large Dirac band gap. We take the MoTe$_2$/WSe$_2$ heterobilayer as an example and find that the topological phase can be driven by a vertical electric field. By projecting the Coulomb interaction onto the topological fat minibands, we identify a correlated Chern insulator at half filling and a quantum valley-spin Hall insulator at full filling which explains the topological states observed in the MoTe$_2$/WSe$_2$ in experiment. Our work clarifies the importance of Dirac structure for the topological minibands and unveils a general strategy to design topological moiré materials.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures
The relevance of indigenous role model policy utilising elite indigenous athletes to indigenous education policy : a critical race approach
Creators: name: Coram, Stella
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Fairy tales and metaphors - a novel way to write up a PhD
Creators: name: , Stanley
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Realist evaluation, metaphors, fairy tales, clinical leadership

description: This presentation will explore a novel approach to the retelling of participants’ stories using fairy tales, pushing boundaries and broadening thinking by transforming data through analysis and interpretation, utilising the author’s skills of creative writing and art from her professional practice as a researcher and nurse teacher. The use of extended metaphors such as children’s stories and fairy tales to approach a doctoral thesis as a text is fairly new but some academics have attempted to do this. The use of metaphor has been advocated as an approach to describe the complex relational process in realist methodology, with the metaphorical device of Context, Mechanism and Outcome (CMO) configurations from Pawson and Tilley’s seminal text Realist Evaluation (1997) used to achieve all realist explanations (Emmel et al 2018). The findings of this realist evaluation PhD study showed that clinical leadership programme strategies developed in contexts that enable effective workplace cultures and person-centred care focus on the ‘simple rules’ of living the values, focus on transformational leadership behaviours and managerial/management skills, enable learning in the workplace, foster change and quality improvement and link to organisational objectives. The selection of fairy tales as a strategy to present the qualitative data findings and undertake “writing for a good read” came directly from an unsettling participants’ comment in the first focus group and highlighted a central point and story line: “The Emperor’s new clothes – it’s not the course that needs changing, it’s the organisation”. The metaphor of “The Emperor’s new clothes” was also found to be a recurrent theme in leadership research and literature. The Grimm’s Brothers fairy tale ‘The Frog Prince’ was also used as it was found to reflect the variable responses to experiential learning and practice development strategies and the transformational element.
Optical frequency comb photoacoustic spectroscopy
Creators: name: Sadiek, Ibrahim
name: Mikkonen, Tommi
name: Vainio, Markku
name: Toivonen, Juha
name: Foltynowicz, Aleksandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first photoacoustic detection scheme using an optical frequency comb - the optical frequency comb photoacoustic spectroscopy (OFC-PAS). OFC-PAS combines the broad spectral coverage and the high resolution of OFCs with the small sample volume of cantilever-enhanced PA detection. In OFC-PAS, a Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) is used to modulate the intensity of the exciting comb source at a frequency determined by its scanning speed. One of the FTS outputs is directed to the PA cell and the other is measured simultaneously with a photodiode and used to normalize the PA signal. The cantilever-enhanced PA detector operates in a non-resonant mode, enabling detection of broadband frequency response. The broadband and the high-resolution capabilities of OFC-PAS are demonstrated by measuring the rovibrational spectra of the fundamental C-H stretch band of CH${_4}$, with no instrumental line shape distortions, at total pressures of 1000 mbar, 650 mbar, and 400 mbar. In this first demonstration, a spectral resolution two orders of magnitude higher than previously reported with broadband PAS is obtained, limited by the pressure broadening. A limit of detection of 0.8 ppm of methane in N${_2}$ is accomplished in a single interferogram measurement (200 s measurement time, 1000 MHz resolution, 1000 mbar total pressure) for an exciting power spectral density of 42 μW/cm${^{-1}}$. A normalized noise equivalent absorption of 8x10${^{-10}}$ W cm${^{-1}}$ Hz${^{-1/2}}$ is obtained, which is only a factor of three higher than the best reported with PAS based on continuous wave lasers. A wide dynamic range of up to four orders of magnitude and a very good linearity (limited by the Beer-Lambert law) over two orders of magnitude are realized. OFC-PAS extends the capability of optical sensors for multispecies trace gas analysis in small sample volume with high resolution and selectivity.
CMB lensing reconstruction biases in cross-correlation with large-scale structure probes
Creators: name: Fabbian, Giulio
name: Lewis, Antony
name: Beck, Dominic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cross-correlation between cosmic microwave background (CMB) gravitational lensing and large-scale structure tracers will be an important cosmological probe in the coming years. Quadratic estimators provide a simple and powerful (if suboptimal) way to reconstruct the CMB lensing potential and are widely used. For Gaussian fields, the cross-correlation of a quadratic-estimator CMB lensing reconstruction with a tracer is exactly unbiased if the power spectra are known and consistent analytic lensing mode response functions are used. However, the bispectrum induced by non-linear large-scale structure growth and post-Born lensing can introduce an additional bias term ($N_L^{(3/2)}$) in the cross-correlation spectrum, similar to the $N_L^{(3/2)}$ bias in the auto-spectrum demonstrated in recent works. We give analytic flat-sky results for the cross-correlation bias using approximate models for the post-Born and large-scale structure cross-bispectra, and compare with N-body simulation results using ray-tracing techniques. We show that the bias can be at the 5-15\% level in all large-scale structure cross-correlations using small-scale CMB temperature lensing reconstruction, but is substantially reduced using polarization-based lensing estimators or simple foreground-projected temperature estimators. The relative magnitude of these effects is almost three times higher than in the CMB lensing auto-correlation, but is small enough that it can be modelled to sufficient precision using simple analytic models. We show that $N_L^{(3/2)}$ effects in cross-correlation will be detected with high significance when using data of future surveys and could affect systematic effects marginalization in cosmic shear measurements mimicking galaxy intrinsic alignment.
description: Fixes typo in Eq. A.8 compared to JCAP version. All results unchanged
"The International Panel on Global Catastrophic Risks (IPGCR)"
Creators: name: Bressler, R. Daniel
name: Alstott, Jeff
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: global catastrophic risks
global governance
international organization
research synthesis

description: This article motivates and describes a potential International Panel on Global Catastrophic Risks (IPGCR). The IPGCR will focus only on GCRs: risks that could cause a global collapse of human civilization or human extinction. The IPGCR seeks to fit an important and currently unoccupied niche: an international expert organization whose only purview is to produce expert reports and summaries for the international community on risks that could cause a global collapse of human civilization or human extinction. The IPGCR will produce reports across scientific and technical domains, and it will focus on the ways in which risks may intersect and interact. This will aid policymakers in constructing policy that coordinates and prioritizes responses to different threats, and minimizes the chance that any GCR occurs, regardless of its origin. The IPGCR will work in some areas where there is more consensus among experts and some areas where there is less consensus. Unlike consensus-seeking organizations like the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the IPGCR will not necessarily seek consensus. Instead, it will seek to accurately convey areas of consensus, disagreement, and uncertainty among experts. The IPGCR will draw on leadership and expertise from around the world and across levels of economic development to ensure that it promotes the interests of all humanity in helping to avoid and mitigate potential global catastrophes.
Imaginary powers of $(k,1)$-generalized harmonic oscillator
Creators: name: Teng, Wentao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we will define and investigate the imaginary powers $\left(-\triangle_{k,1}\right)^{-iσ},σ\in\mathbb{R}$ of the $(k,1)$-generalized harmonic oscillator $-\triangle_{k,1}=-\left\|x\right\|\triangle_k+\left\|x\right\|$ and prove the $L^p$-boundedness $(1
description: accepted for publication in Complex Analysis and Operator Theory
Role of interface hybridization on induced superconductivity in 1T$^\prime$-WTe$_2$ and 2H-NbSe$_2$ heterostructures
Creators: name: Das, Anirban
name: Weber, Bent
name: Mukherjee, Shantanu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heterostructures between two-dimensional quantum spin Hall insulators (QSHI) and superconducting materials can allow for the presence of Majorana Fermions at their conducting edge states. Although a strong interface hybridization helps induce a reasonable superconducting gap on the topological material, the hybridization can modify the material's electronic structure. In this work, we utilize a realistic low-energy model with tunable interlayer hybridization to study the edge state physics in a heterostructure between monolayer quantum spin Hall insulator 1T$^\prime$-WTe$_2$ and s-wave superconductor 2H-NbSe$_2$. We find that even in the presence of strong inter-layer hybridization that renders the surface to become conducting, the edge state shows a significantly enhanced local density of states and induced superconductivity compared to the surface. We provide an alternate heterostructure geometry that can utilize the strong inter-layer hybridization and realize a spatial interface between a regime with a clean QSHI gap and a topological conducting edge state.
Online Stochastic Gradient Descent with Arbitrary Initialization Solves Non-smooth, Non-convex Phase Retrieval
Creators: name: Tan, Yan Shuo
name: Vershynin, Roman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65K10

description: In recent literature, a general two step procedure has been formulated for solving the problem of phase retrieval. First, a spectral technique is used to obtain a constant-error initial estimate, following which, the estimate is refined to arbitrary precision by first-order optimization of a non-convex loss function. Numerical experiments, however, seem to suggest that simply running the iterative schemes from a random initialization may also lead to convergence, albeit at the cost of slightly higher sample complexity. In this paper, we prove that, in fact, constant step size online stochastic gradient descent (SGD) converges from arbitrary initializations for the non-smooth, non-convex amplitude squared loss objective. In this setting, online SGD is also equivalent to the randomized Kaczmarz algorithm from numerical analysis. Our analysis can easily be generalized to other single index models. It also makes use of new ideas from stochastic process theory, including the notion of a summary state space, which we believe will be of use for the broader field of non-convex optimization.
title: Minorities, Diversities, and Securities: An Interview with Peter Haslinger
Creators: name: Klein, Lillian
name: Haslinger, Peter
Publisher: name: Council for European Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 900 Geschichte und Geografie

description: Dr. Peter Haslinger is the Director of the Herder Institute in Marburg, Germany. His research interests include enforced migration, nationalism and regionalism, cultures of memory, and the politics of history. All of these aspects have come together recently, in the shape of a new project for Dr. Haslinger—a symposium and fellowship aimed at connecting young Southern and Eastern European researchers—an academic angle and population often conspicuously missing from the traditional European Studies pedagogy—the opportunity to interact with global players in their fields. Dr. Haslinger and the Herder Institute have undertaken many innovative programs in this area. The Marburg Symposium and Herder-CES Fellowship is a platform from which to disseminate awareness and knowledge, which in turn, creates metaphorical and literal space at the European Studies table for researchers and work focused on Southern and Eastern Europe.
Evidence of electronic cloaking from chiral electron transport in bilayer graphene nanostructures
Creators: name: Lee, Kyunghoon
name: Lee, Seunghyun
name: Eo, Yun Suk
name: Kurdak, Cagliyan
name: Zhong, Zhaohui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coupling of charge carrier motion and pseudospin via chirality for massless Dirac fermions in monolayer graphene has generated dramatic consequences, such as the unusual quantum Hall effect and Klein tunneling. In bilayer graphene, charge carriers are massive Dirac fermions with a finite density of states at zero energy. Because of their non-relativistic nature, massive Dirac fermions can provide an even better test bed with which to clarify the importance of chirality in transport measurement than massless Dirac fermions in monolayer graphene. Here, we report an electronic cloaking effect as a manifestation of chirality by probing phase coherent transport in chemical-vapor-deposited bilayer graphene. Conductance oscillations with different periodicities were observed on extremely narrow bilayer graphene heterojunctions through electrostatic gating. Using a Fourier analysis technique, we identified the origin of each individual interference pattern. Importantly, the electron waves on the two sides of the potential barrier can be coupled through the evanescent waves inside the barrier, making the confined states underneath the barrier invisible to electrons. These findings provide direct evidence for the electronic cloaking effect and hold promise for the realization of pseudospintronics based on bilayer graphene.
Hybrid quantum systems for enhanced nonlinear optical susceptibilities
Creators: name: Sullivan, Dennis
name: Mossman, Sean
name: Kuzyk, Mark G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Significant effort has been expended in the search for materials with ultra-fast nonlinear-optical susceptibilities, but most fall far below the fundamental limits. This work applies a theoretical materials development program that has identified a promising new hybrid made of a nanorod and a molecule. This system uses the electrostatic dipole moment of the molecule to break the symmetry of the metallic nanostructure that shifts the energy spectrum to make it optimal for a nonlinear-optical response near the fundamental limit. The structural parameters are varied to determine the ideal configuration, providing guidelines for making the best structures.
Corporeal tracings: visuality, power and culture
Creators: name: McFarlane, Kate
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: The conception of visuality within what Jacques Derrida understands as the 'metaphysical epoch' demands revision in order to produce a fully post-metaphysical theory of visuality. Drawing upon the corporeal phenomenology of perception in Maurice Merleau-Ponty, the politico-cultural conception of visuality in Michel Foucault and the trace philosophy of vision in Jacques Derrida, visualities are theorised here as dynamic 'corporeal tracings' immanently bearing politico-cultural forces. Elements of these three major thinkers are here brought into generative dialogue and welding which, for instance, relocates the corporealism of Merleau-Ponty in terms of the trace dynamics conceived by Derrida and which in turn insists upon the visio-corporeality of general writing that Derrida largely elides. A rereading of Rene Descartes on vision is advanced in the light of this theory that deploys Derrida's deconstructive method to detect the aporias and self-deconstructions within a characteristic metaphysical discourse of pure visuality that overtly elides both corporeality and the trace (understood in the theory of corporeal tracings as inseparable). -- Merleau-Ponty is critiqued from a post-dualist position on the role of the mind and the body in the experience of visuality, Foucault's ideas on bodies, visualities and diffuse powers are developed through the notion of'visio-govemmentality' and Derrida's conceptions of grammatology and the trace are redefined in terms of an emphasis on visiocorporeality. New terms and concepts emerge from these engagements that extend and elaborate visuality theory in terms of fully post-metaphysical domains of understanding. There is a commitment throughout to three theoretical positions: corporealism, culturalism and holism or what is termed here 'total contextualism'. These positions enable the fully post-metaphysical theorisation of visualities as dynamic and complex corporeal tracings encompassing both human bodies and total visio-corporeal contexts.
Haar Null Closed and Convex Sets in Separable Banach Spaces
Creators: name: Ravasini, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46B20 (primary) 46B42, 52A07 (secondary)

description: Haar null sets were introduced by J.P.R. Christensen in 1972 to extend the notion of sets with zero Haar measure to nonlocally compact Polish groups. In 2013, U.B. Darij defined a categorical version of Haar null sets, which he named Haar meagre sets. The present paper aims to show that, whenever $C$ is a closed, convex subset of a separable Banach space, $C$ is Haar null if and only if $C$ is Haar meagre. We then use this fact to improve a theorem of E. Matoušková and to solve a conjecture proposed by Esterle, Matheron and Moreau. Finally, we apply the main theorem to find a characterisation of separable Banach lattices whose positive cone is not Haar null.
description: 11 pages. v2: Section 4 has been extensively rewritten and improved. Corollary 3.6 has a new proof. Fixed typos. v3: Accepted version for publication
Sub-Doppler Double-Resonance Spectroscopy of Methane Using a Frequency Comb Probe
Creators: name: Foltynowicz, Aleksandra
name: Rutkowski, Lucile
name: Silander, Isak
name: Johansson, Alexandra C.
name: de Oliveira, Vinicius Silva
name: Axner, Ove
name: Soboń, Grzegorz
name: Martynkien, Tadeusz
name: Mergo, Paweł
name: Lehmann, Kevin K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the measurement of sub-Doppler double-resonance transitions in methane using a 3.3 $μ$m continuous wave optical parametric oscillator to pump transitions in the fundamental $ν_3$ band and a 1.67 $μ$m frequency comb to probe ladder-type transitions in the 3$ν_3$ band over 200 cm$^{-1}$ of bandwidth. We detected 36 ladder-type resonances for 9 pumped transitions with average center frequency accuracy of 1.7 MHz, limited by the pump frequency stability. The lines are assigned using the TheoReTS line list, and the intensity ratios for different relative pump/probe polarizations. This method provides accurate assignment of highly excited energy levels that cannot be done using high temperature spectra.
Disciplined words : designs for supporting and improving student writing in the academy
Creators: name: Clerehan, Rosemary
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Robust quantum optimizer with full connectivity
Creators: name: Nigg, Simon E.
name: Loerch, Niels
name: Tiwari, Rakesh P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum phenomena have the potential to speed up the solution of hard optimization problems. For example quantum annealing, based on the quantum tunneling effect, has recently been shown to scale exponentially better with system size as compared with classical simulated annealing. However, current realizations of quantum annealers with superconducting qubits face two major challenges. First, the connectivity between the qubits is limited, excluding many optimization problems from a direct implementation. Second, decoherence degrades the success probability of the optimization. We address both of these shortcomings and propose an architecture in which the qubits are robustly encoded in continuous variable degrees of freedom. Remarkably, by leveraging the phenomenon of flux quantization, all-to-all connectivity is obtained without overhead. Furthermore, we demonstrate the robustness of this architecture by simulating the optimal solution of a small instance of the NP-hard and fully connected number partitioning problem in the presence of dissipation.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, includes 16 pages of supplementary material
An upper bound for the first positive eigenvalue of the Kohn Laplacian on Reinhardt real hypersurfaces
Creators: name: Dall'Ara, Gian Maria
name: Son, Duong Ngoc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32V20, 32W10

description: A real hypersurface in $\mathbb{C}^2$ is said to be Reinhardt if it is invariant under the standard $\mathbb{T}^2$-action on $\mathbb{C}^2$. Its CR geometry can be described in terms of the curvature function of its ``generating curve'', i.e., the logarithmic image of the hypersurface in the plane $\mathbb{R}^2$. We give a sharp upper bound for the first positive eigenvalue of the Kohn Laplacian associated to a natural pseudohermitian structure on a compact and strictly pseudoconvex Reinhardt real hypersurface having closed generating curve (which amounts to the $\mathbb{T}^2$-action being free). Our bound is expressed in terms of the $L^2$-norm of the curvature function of the generating curve and is attained if and only if the curve is a circle.
description: 11 pages
Phase transitions and spin-state of iron in FeO at the conditions of Earth's deep interior
Creators: name: Greenberg, E.
name: Nazarov, R.
name: Landa, A.
name: Ying, J.
name: Hood, R. Q.
name: Hen, B.
name: Jeanloz, R.
name: Prakapenka, V. B.
name: Struzhkin, V. V.
name: Rozenberg, G. Kh.
name: Leonov, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Iron-bearing oxides undergo a series of pressure-induced electronic, spin and structural transitions that can cause seismic anomalies and dynamic instabilities in Earth's mantle and outer core. We employ x-ray diffraction and x-ray emission spectroscopy along with state-of-the-art density functional plus dynamical mean-field theory (DFT+DMFT) to characterize the electronic structure and spin states, and crystal-structural properties of wüstite (Fe$_{1-x}$O) -- a basic oxide component of Earth's interior -- at high pressure-temperature conditions up to 140 GPa and 2100 K. We find that FeO exhibits complex polymorphism under pressure, with abnormal compression behavior associated with electron-spin and crystallographic phase transitions, and resulting in a substantial change of bulk modulus. Our results reveal the existence of a high-pressure phase characterized by a metallic high-spin state of iron at about the pressure-temperature conditions of Earth's core-mantle boundary. The presence of high-spin metallic iron near the base of the mantle can significantly influence the geophysical and geochemical properties of Earth's deep interior.
description: 5 figures, with supplementary materials
Electronic tunability of the frustrated triangular-lattice cluster magnet LiZn$_{2-x}$Mo$_3$O$_8$
Creators: name: Sheckelton, J. P.
name: Neilson, J. R.
name: McQueen, T. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: LiZn$_2$Mo$_3$O$_8$ is an electrically insulating geometrically frustrated antiferromagnet in which inorganic Mo$_3$O$_{13}$ clusters each behaves as a single $S = 1/2$ unit, with the clusters arranged on a two-dimensional triangular lattice. Prior results have shown that LiZn$_2$Mo$_3$O$_8$ does not exhibit static magnetic order down to at least $T = 0.05\,K$, and instead possesses a valence bond ground state. Here, we show that LiZn$_2$Mo$_3$O$_8$ can be hole doped by oxidation with $\mathrm{I}_2$ and subsequent removal of $\mathrm{Zn}^{2+}$ cations to access the entire range of electron count, from one to zero unpaired electrons per site on the triangular lattice. Contrary to expectations, no metallic state is induced; instead, the primary effect is to suppress the number of sites contributing to the condensed valence-bond state. Further, diffraction and pair-distribution function analysis show no evidence for local Jahn-Teller distortions or other deviations from the parent trigonal symmetry as a function of doping or temperature. Taken together, the data and density functional theory calculations indicate that removal of electrons from the magnetic layers favors Anderson localization of the resulting hole and an increase in the electrical band-gap over the formation of a metallic and superconducting state. These results put strong constraints on the chemical conditions necessary to realize metallic states from parent insulating geometrically frustrated antiferromagnets.
description: 22 pages, 12 figures