cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ultrafast formation of topological defects in a 2D charge density wave
Creators: name: Cheng, Yun
name: Zong, Alfred
name: Wu, Lijun
name: Meng, Qingping
name: Xia, Wei
name: Qi, Fengfeng
name: Zhu, Pengfei
name: Zou, Xiao
name: Jiang, Tao
name: Guo, Yanfeng
name: van Wezel, Jasper
name: Kogar, Anshul
name: Zuerch, Michael W.
name: Zhang, Jie
name: Zhu, Yimei
name: Xiang, Dao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological defects play a key role in nonequilibrium phase transitions, ranging from birth of the early universe to quantum critical behavior of ultracold atoms. In solids, transient defects are known to generate a variety of hidden orders not accessible in equilibrium, but how defects are formed at the nanometer lengthscale and femtosecond timescale remains unknown. Here, we employ an intense laser pulse to create topological defects in a 2D charge density wave, and track their morphology and dynamics with ultrafast electron diffraction. Leveraging its high temporal resolution and sensitivity in detecting weak diffuse signals, we discover a dual-stage growth of 1D domain walls within 1 ps, a process not dictated by the order parameter amplitude but instead mediated by a nonthermal population of longitudinal optical phonons. Our work provides a framework for ultrafast engineering of topological defects based on selective excitation of collective modes, opening new avenues for dynamical control of nonequilibrium phases in correlated materials.
Large-N $β$-function for superconducting films in a magnetic field
Creators: name: Malbouisson, A. P. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By considering the large-N Ginzburg-Landau model, compactified in one of the spatial dimensions, we determine the beta-function and find an infrared stable fixed point for a superconducting film for dimensions $4
description: LATEX, 5 pages no figures
Quantum versus Population Dynamics over Cayley Graphs
Creators: name: Prodan, Emil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Consider a graph whose vertices are populated by identical objects, together with an algorithm for the time-evolution of the number of objects placed at each of the vertices. The discrete dynamics of these objects can be observed and studied using simple and inexpensive laboratory settings. There are many similarities but also many differences between such population dynamics and the quantum dynamics of a particle hopping on the same graph. In this work, we show that a specific decoration of the original graph enables an exact mapping between the models of population and quantum dynamics. As such, population dynamics over graphs is yet another classical platform that can simulate quantum effects. Several examples are used to demonstrate this claim.
Food Demand Elasticities, Price Changes and Calorie Availability of Households in the Western Province of Sri Lanka
Creators: name: Nirmali, S.A.N
name: Edirisinghe, J.C
name: Nirmali, S.A.N
name: Edirisinghe, J.C
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics
Demand and Price Analysis
Financial Economics

description: This study aimed to investigate the responsiveness of household demand in Western Province for rice (samba), dhal, bread, chicken, coconut, milk powder and sugar. The research finds demand for these foods with the changes in price and expenditure using the linear approximation of the strict Almost Ideal Demand System (LA/AIDS) estimated using the Seemingly Unrelated Regression Procedure (SURE). The data used were from the household income and expenditure survey, 2006/07. All food items were found to be price inelastic while they had a positive expenditure elasticity which is less than unity except bread. Simulations show that the calorie availability of the household declines with most of the food products and in the light of expected food price increases in the world; this will have a marked impact on food security and nutrition security of households in the Western Province.
Firms’ Private Action Towards Environmental Quality: Where Does Regulation Stand for Non-Adopters of Environment Management Practices?
Creators: name: Jayasinghe-Mudalige, U.K
name: Udugama, M.
name: Jayasinghe-Mudalige, U.K
name: Udugama, M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: This study examines the effects of regulatory framework and legal system on the private action towards environmental quality among food processing firms in Sri Lanka. An Environment Regulation Responsiveness Index, reflecting compliance to solid waste management practices, was used as the measure of firms perception on environment regulation. The results highlight that compliance by the majority of firms was relatively low, especially among the small scale firms, suggesting that the decision maker on environment quality did not consider government regulation as an impotant factor to act on the environment. This calls for a critical revision and adjustments to the policy on environmental quality management both at the national and provincial level in order to promote voluntary action by firms.
Foreign Aid, Aid Effectiveness and the New Aid Paradigm: A Review
Creators: name: Gunatilake, H.
name: Fabella, R.V
name: Lagman-Martin, A.
name: Gunatilake, H.
name: Fabella, R.V
name: Lagman-Martin, A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: International Relations/Trade
Political Economy
Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: This study examines the effects of regulatory framework and legal system on the private action towards environmental quality among food processing firms in Sri Lanka. An Environment Regulation Responsiveness Index, reflecting compliance to solid waste management practices, was used as the measure of firms perception on environment regulation. The results highlight that compliance by the majority of firms was relatively low, especially among the small scale firms, suggesting that the decision maker on environment quality did not consider government regulation as an impotant factor to act on the environment. This calls for a critical revision and adjustments to the policy on environmental quality management both at the national and provincial level in order to promote voluntary action by firms.
Quantum state tomography of undetected photons
Creators: name: Fuenzalida, Jorge
name: Kysela, Jaroslav
name: Dovzhik, Krishna
name: Lemos, Gabriela Barreto
name: Hochrainer, Armin
name: Lahiri, Mayukh
name: Zeilinger, Anton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The measurement of quantum states is one of the most important problems in quantum mechanics. We introduce a quantum state tomography technique in which the state of a qubit is reconstructed, while the qubit remains undetected. The key ingredients are: (i) employing an additional qubit, (ii) aligning the undetected qubit with a known reference state by using path identity, and (iii) measuring the additional qubit to reconstruct the undetected qubit state. We theoretically establish and experimentally demonstrate the method with photonic polarization states. The principle underlying our method could also be applied to quantum entities other than photons.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures + 4 pages, 2 figures
The high-field phase diagram of the cuprates derived from the Nernst effect
Creators: name: Wang, Yayu
name: Ong, N. P.
name: Xu, Z. A.
name: Kakeshita, T.
name: Uchida, S.
name: Bonn, D. A.
name: Liang, R.
name: Hardy, W. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements of the Nernst signal in the vortex-liquid state of the cuprates to high fields (33 T) reveal that vorticity extends to very high fields even close to the zero-field critical temperature $T_{c0}$. In overdoped $\rm La_{2-x}Sr_xCuO_4$ (LSCO) we show that the upper critical field $H_{c2}(T)$ curve does not end at $T_{c0}$, but at a much higher temperature. These results imply that $T_{c0}$ corresponds to a loss in phase rigidity rather than a vanishing of the pairing amplitude. An intermediate field $H^*(T)\ll H_{c2}(T)$ is shown to be the field scale for the flux-flow resistivity.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett
Do bulges stop stars forming?
Creators: name: Eales, Stephen
name: Eales, Oliver
name: de Vis, Pieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we use the Herschel Reference Survey to make a direct test of the hypothesis that the growth of a stellar bulge leads to a reduction in the star-formation efficiency of a galaxy (or conversely a growth in the gas-depletion timescale) as a result of the stabilisation of the gaseous disk by the gravitational field of the bulge. We find a strong correlation between star-formation efficiency and specific star-formation rate in galaxies without prominent bulges and in galaxies of the same morphological type, showing that there must be some other process besides the growth of a bulge that reduces the star-formation efficiency in galaxies. However, we also find that galaxies with more prominent bulges (Hubble types E to Sab) do have significantly lower star-formation efficiencies than galaxies with later morphological types, which is at least consistent with the hypothesis that the growth of a bulge leads to the reduction in the star-formation efficiency. The answer to the question in the title is therefore, yes and no: bulges may reduce the star-formation efficiency in galaxies but there must also be some other process at work. We also find that there is a significant but small difference in the star-formation efficiencies of galaxies with and without bars, in the sense that galaxies with bars have slightly higher star-formation efficiencies.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Dense Continuous-Time Optical Flow from Events and Frames
Creators: name: Gehrig, Mathias
name: Muglikar, Manasi
name: Scaramuzza, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a method for estimating dense continuous-time optical flow from event data. Traditional dense optical flow methods compute the pixel displacement between two images. Due to missing information, these approaches cannot recover the pixel trajectories in the blind time between two images. In this work, we show that it is possible to compute per-pixel, continuous-time optical flow using events from an event camera. Events provide temporally fine-grained information about movement in pixel space due to their asynchronous nature and microsecond response time. We leverage these benefits to predict pixel trajectories densely in continuous time via parameterized Bézier curves. To achieve this, we build a neural network with strong inductive biases for this task: First, we build multiple sequential correlation volumes in time using event data. Second, we use Bézier curves to index these correlation volumes at multiple timestamps along the trajectory. Third, we use the retrieved correlation to update the Bézier curve representations iteratively. Our method can optionally include image pairs to boost performance further. To the best of our knowledge, our model is the first method that can regress dense pixel trajectories from event data. To train and evaluate our model, we introduce a synthetic dataset (MultiFlow) that features moving objects and ground truth trajectories for every pixel. Our quantitative experiments not only suggest that our method successfully predicts pixel trajectories in continuous time but also that it is competitive in the traditional two-view pixel displacement metric on MultiFlow and DSEC-Flow. Open source code and datasets are released to the public.
Intrinsic anomalous Hall effect across the magnetic phase transition of a spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Chen, Canhao
name: Huang, Guan-Hua
name: Wu, Zhigang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study theoretically the zero temperature intrinsic anomalous Hall effect in an experimentally realized 2D spin-orbit coupled Bose gas. For anisotropic atomic interactions and as the spin-orbit coupling strength increases, the system undergoes a ground state phase transition from states exhibiting a total in-plane magnetization to those with a perpendicular magnetization along the $z$ direction. We show that finite frequency, or ac, Hall responses exist in both phases in the absence of an artificial magnetic field, as a result of finite inter-band transitions. However, the characteristics of the anomalous Hall responses are drastically different in these two phases because of the different symmetries preserved by the corresponding ground states. In particular, we find a finite dc Hall conductivity in one phase but not the other. The underlying physical reasons for this are analyzed further by exploring relations of the dc Hall conductivity to the system's chirality and Berry curvatures of the Bloch bands. Finally, we discuss an experimental method of probing the anomalous Hall effect in trapped systems.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures
Towards a conformal field theory for Schramm-Loewner evolutions
Creators: name: Peltola, Eveliina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60D05, 81T40, 82B27, 33C70

description: We discuss the partition function point of view for chordal Schramm-Loewner evolutions and their relationship with correlation functions in conformal field theory. Both are closely related to crossing probabilities and interfaces in critical models in two-dimensional statistical mechanics. We gather and supplement previous results with different perspectives, point out remaining difficulties, and suggest directions for future studies.
description: (v2): references updated; final version
of An atlas of bovine gene expression reveals novel distinctive tissue characteristics and evidence for improving genome annotation
Creators: name: Harhay, Gregory
name: Smith, Timothy
name: Leeson Alexander
name: Haudenschild, Christian
name: Keele, John
name: Matukumalli, Lakshmi
name: Schroeder, Steven
name: Tassell, Curtis Van
name: Gresham, Cathy
name: Bridges, Susan
name: Burgess, Shane
name: Sonstegard, Tad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: of An atlas of bovine gene expression reveals novel distinctive tissue characteristics and evidence for improving genome annotation
Stabilizing and Improving Livelihoods in Fragile and Conflict-Affected Situations (FCAS) – the Search for Frameworks and Evidence
Creators: name: Farrington, J.
name: Farrington, J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
Risk and Uncertainty
Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: Interventions to support livelihoods in Fragile and Conflict-Affected Situations (FCAS) are seen by many as subsidiary to the primary (relief-based) imperative to save lives. For others, FCAS interventions remain “stuck” for too long in relief mode, and the potential to get back into support for livelihoods is lost. This paper examines how livelihoods models, initially used in development, not relief, contexts, have been adapted to suit FCAS, and asks what evidence we have on how livelihoods have changed under FCAS and why. It also asks how far efforts to support livelihoods in FCAS have been effective. To provide effective livelihoods support is complex, requiring understanding of how people link into distant opportunities outside the FCAS, how they perceive and respond to risk, and how their livelihoods are affected by power relations, by restrictions on the movement of people and goods, and by reduced capacity to enforce the rule of law in relation to e.g. contracts and the ownership of and access to resources.
An Economic Approach to Measuring the Impacts of Higher Temperatures on Wildfire Size in the Western United States
Creators: name: Wood, Dallas
name: Wood, Dallas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Fire Economics
subject: Climate Change

description: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect that higher temperatures will have on the size of wildfires in the western United States controlling for suppression effort, precipitation, and other factors. Using data for 466 wildfires that occurred on U.S. Forest Service land between 2003 and 2007, I find that an increase in temperature of 1 °C is associated with a 12% increase in wildfire size, holding all other factors constant. Given that current climate models predict temperatures to rise by 1.6 to 6.3 °C, this estimate suggests mean wildfire size could increase by 20% to 79%. Off-setting this increase in wildfire size would require an increase in suppression expenditures of at least 16% to 63%. For the average wildfire, this would translate into an increase in suppression expenditures of between $0.5 and $2 million.
The mass-function of primordial star clusters
Creators: name: Santoro, Fernando
name: Thomas, Peter A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the block model to generate merger trees for the first star clusters in a LCDM cosmology. Using a simple collapse model and cooling criterion, we determine which halos are able to form stars before being disrupted by mergers. We contrast the mass functions of all the resulting star clusters and those of primordial composition, i.e. star clusters that have not been contaminated by subclusters inside them. In confirmation of previous work, two generations of primordial star clusters are identified: low-temperature clusters that cool via molecular hydrogen, and high-temperature clusters that cool via electronic transitions. The former dominate by number, but the two populations contain a similar mass with the precise balance depending upon the details of the model. We speculate on the current-day distribution of Population III stars.
description: 9 pages, 11 figures. Submitted to MNRAS
Adaptation and Adoption of Improved Seeds through Extension: Evidence from Farmer-Led Groundnut Multiplication in Uganda
Creators: name: Jelliffe, Jeremy L.
name: Bravo-Ureta, Boris E.
name: Deom, C. Michael
name: Jelliffe, Jeremy L.
name: Bravo-Ureta, Boris E.
name: Deom, C. Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: Farm Management
Production Economics
Risk and Uncertainty

description: In sub-Saharan Africa, reliance on subsistence-level farming is a significant source of risk since farmers face protracted periods of drought and the frequent incidence and expanding reach of diseases and pests. It is likely that such occurrences will be exacerbated by global climate change, given recent forecasts and scientific findings. One strategy to mitigate these effects is through the adoption of new technologies. Following the established literature on technology adoption and productivity, this work is a reassessment of a 2004 AT Uganda farmer-led seed multiplication and dissemination project for groundnut growers. The major objective of this research is to determine the lasting impact of the project with respect to the adoption of rosette resistant varieties of groundnuts (RRVs). Panel data for the 2004 and 2013 growing seasons are used and include a set of participating farm households (HHs) and non-participating (control) HHs. The control sample is composed of both a neighboring and a non-neighboring farm group, which makes it possible to account for spillover effects and selection bias. In order to further control for possible biases, our identification strategy employs propensity score matching and instrumental variables methods. In this way, we examine the sustainability and lasting impact of the original intervention a decade after the fact.
Using online health information for unknown symptoms common among young adults: a qualitative analysis of health-related web pages illustrating the need for numeracy skills, the ability to deal with uncertainty, and the risk of ruling out self-care
Creators: name: Viktorsson, Lisa
name: Törnvall, Eva
name: Falk, Magnus
name: Yngman-Uhlin, Pia
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Young adults experiencing unfamiliar symptoms commonly seek health information online. This study’s aim was to explore how health information websites express and communicate health information about symptoms common among young adults and guide readers in regard to health, illness, and care. Symptoms commonly searched for by young adults were used as search terms. The resulting data comprised material from 24 web pages and was analyzed using content analysis. The foremost purpose of online health information is to try to narrow down the user’s symptoms and then advise the user on what actions to take. This is done by first forming a foundation of knowledge through descriptions and explanations, then specifying the symptom’s time, duration, and location, and finally giving advice on whether to self-manage symptoms or seek additional information about them. However, the uncertainty of the diagnosis may rule out self-care. For readers inexperienced with health care, forming a decisive conclusion about diffuse symptoms on the sole basis of online health information could be challenging. The necessity of numeracy skills and the ability to deal with uncertainty are highlighted. There is a discrepancy between health advice given online and readers’ accessibility to health care that needs to be addressed in future policy and research.
Freezing-In Gravitational Waves
Creators: name: Ghiglieri, Jacopo
name: Schütte-Engel, Jan
name: Speranza, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thermal plasma in the early universe produced a stochastic gravitational wave (GW) background, which peaks today in the microwave regime and was dubbed the cosmic gravitational microwave background (CGMB). In previous works only single graviton production processes that contribute to the CGMB have been considered. Here we also investigate graviton pair production processes and show that these can lead to a significant contribution if the ratio between the maximum temperature and the Planck mass, $T_{\rm max}/m_{\rm p}$, divided by the internal coupling in the heat bath is large enough. As the dark matter freeze-in production mechanism is conceptually very similar to the GW production mechanism from the primordial thermal plasma, we refer to the latter as ``GW freeze-in production''. We show that quantum gravity effects appear in single graviton production and are smaller by a factor $(T_{\rm max}/m_{\rm p})^2$ than the leading order contribution. In our work we explicitly compute the CGMB spectrum within a scalar model with quartic interaction.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures (matches version published in Phys. Rev. D)
Tactusa flexus Fibiger 2011
Creators: name: Fibiger, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Erebidae
Tactusa
Tactusa flexus

description: Tactusa flexus Fibiger, 2011
(Plate 13, figure 3; male genit. plate 28, figure 5)
description: Published as part of Fibiger, Michael, 2011, Revision of the Micronoctuidae (Lepidoptera: Noctuoidea). Part 4, Taxonomy of the subfamilies Tentaxinae and Micronoctuinae, pp. 1-188 in Zootaxa 2842 (2842) on page 131, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.2842.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10095402
Global Observations from PHOBOS
Creators: name: Baker, Mark D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Particle production in Au+Au collisions has been measured in the PHOBOS experiment at RHIC for a range of collision energies. Three empirical observations have emerged from this dataset which require theoretical examination. First, there is clear evidence of limiting fragmentation. Namely, particle production in central Au+Au collisions, when expressed as $dN/dη'$ ($η' \equiv η-y_{beam}$), becomes energy independent at high energy for a broad region of $η'$ around $η'=0$. This energy-independent region grows with energy, allowing only a limited region (if any) of longitudinal boost-invariance. Second, there is a striking similarity between particle production in e+e- and Au+Au collisions (scaled by the number of participating nucleon pairs). Both the total number of produced particles and the longitudinal distribution of produced particles are approximately the same in e+e- and in scaled Au+Au. This observation was not predicted and has not been explained. Finally, particle production has been found to scale approximately with the number of participating nucleon pairs for $N_{part}>65$. This scaling occurs both for the total multiplicity and for high $\pT$ particles (3 $
description: QM2002 plenary talk, 10 pages, 11 figures
Multicanonical Parallel Tempering
Creators: name: Faller, Roland
name: Yan, Qiliang
name: de Pablo, Juan J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel implementation of the parallel tempering Monte Carlo method in a multicanonical ensemble. Multicanonical weights are derived by a self-consistent iterative process using a Boltzmann inversion of global energy histograms. This procedure gives rise to a much broader overlap of thermodynamic-property histograms; fewer replicas are necessary in parallel tempering simulations, and the acceptance of trial swap moves can be made arbitrarily high. We demonstrate the usefulness of the method in the context of a grand-multicanonical ensemble, where we use multicanonical simulations in energy space with the addition of an unmodified chemical potential term in particle-number space. Several possible implementations are discussed, and the best choice is presented in the context of the liquid-gas phase transition of the Lennard-Jones fluid. A substantial decrease in the necessary number of replicas can be achieved through the proposed method, thereby providing a higher efficiency and the possibility of parallelization.
description: 8 pages, 3 figure, accepted by J Chem Phys
Several Comments on Creation and Use of PSE Indicator within Measuring of Financial Transfers to Agricultural Producers
Creators: name: Boháčková, I.
name: Boháčková, I.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Agriculture
subject: financial transfers
subject: estimation of production supports
subject: incomes and profit of agricultural farms
subject: European Union

description: The paper deals with problems of a PSE indicator. The aim is to delimit the EU position in the framework of selected OECD countries (countries of a comparable economic level). In this connection not only development tendency of this indicator is evaluated, but above all the attention is paid to the PSE structure. Further, the paper analyzes problems of the PSE in relation to incomes of agricultural producers and a profit of agricultural farms because the connection between these categories is considered significant. The methodology corresponds with set aims (a horizontal and vertical analysis, a comparison). Conclusions are presented in the sense: evaluation of development trends of the PSE, the PSE structure, suitability of the methodology of determination of indicators, analyses of the relation of the PSE, incomes and a profit.
The Effect of Graph Connecitivity on Metastability on a Stochastic System of Spiking Neurons
Creators: name: André, Morgan
name: Planche, Léo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60K35, 82C32, 82C22

description: We consider a continuous-time stochastic model of spiking neurons. In this model, we have a finite or countable number of neurons which are vertices in some graph $G$ where the edges indicate the synaptic connection between them. We focus on metastability, understood as the property for the time of extinction of the network to be asymptotically memory-less, and we prove that this model exhibits two different behaviors depending on the nature of the specific underlying graph of interaction $G$ that is chosen. This model depends on a leakage parameter $γ$, and it was previously proven that when the graph $G$ is the infinite one-dimensional lattice, this model presents a phase transition with respect to $γ$. It was also proven that, when $γ$ is small enough, the renormalized time of extinction (the first time at which all neurons have a null membrane potential) of a finite version of the system converges in law toward an exponential random variable when the number of neurons goes to infinity. The present article is divided into two parts. First we prove that, in the finite one-dimensional lattice, this last result doesn't hold if $γ$ is not small anymore, in fact we prove that for $γ> 1$ the renormalized time of extinction is asymptotically deterministic. Then we prove that conversely, if $G$ is the complete graph, the result of metastability holds for any positive $γ$.
description: 18 pages
Tactusa brevis Fibiger 2011
Creators: name: Fibiger, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Erebidae
Tactusa
Tactusa brevis

description: Tactusa brevis Fibiger, 2011
(Plate 13, figures 4, 5; male genit. plate 28, figure 6; female genit. plate 36, figure 6)
description: Published as part of Fibiger, Michael, 2011, Revision of the Micronoctuidae (Lepidoptera: Noctuoidea). Part 4, Taxonomy of the subfamilies Tentaxinae and Micronoctuinae, pp. 1-188 in Zootaxa 2842 (2842) on page 131, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.2842.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10095402
Device-independent Randomness Expansion with Entangled Photons
Creators: name: Shalm, Lynden K.
name: Zhang, Yanbao
name: Bienfang, Joshua C.
name: Schlager, Collin
name: Stevens, Martin J.
name: Mazurek, Michael D.
name: Abellán, Carlos
name: Amaya, Waldimar
name: Mitchell, Morgan W.
name: Alhejji, Mohammad A.
name: Fu, Honghao
name: Ornstein, Joel
name: Mirin, Richard P.
name: Nam, Sae Woo
name: Knill, Emanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the growing availability of experimental loophole-free Bell tests, it has become possible to implement a new class of device-independent random number generators whose output can be certified to be uniformly random without requiring a detailed model of the quantum devices used. However, all of these experiments require many input bits in order to certify a small number of output bits, and it is an outstanding challenge to develop a system that generates more randomness than is consumed. Here, we devise a device-independent spot-checking protocol that consumes only uniform bits without requiring any additional bits with a specific bias. Implemented with a photonic loophole-free Bell test, we can produce 24% more certified output bits (1,181,264,237) than consumed input bits (953,301,640). The experiment ran for 91.0 hours, creating randomness at an average rate of 3606 bits/s with a soundness error bounded by $5.7\times 10^{-7}$ in the presence of classical side information. Our system will allow for greater trust in public sources of randomness, such as randomness beacons, and may one day enable high-quality private sources of randomness as the device footprint shrinks.
description: The version accepted by Nature Physics. 6 pages (main text) + 20 pages (supplementary information), 7 figures
Corruption-Robust Algorithms with Uncertainty Weighting for Nonlinear Contextual Bandits and Markov Decision Processes
Creators: name: Ye, Chenlu
name: Xiong, Wei
name: Gu, Quanquan
name: Zhang, Tong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Despite the significant interest and progress in reinforcement learning (RL) problems with adversarial corruption, current works are either confined to the linear setting or lead to an undesired $\tilde{O}(\sqrt{T}ζ)$ regret bound, where $T$ is the number of rounds and $ζ$ is the total amount of corruption. In this paper, we consider the contextual bandit with general function approximation and propose a computationally efficient algorithm to achieve a regret of $\tilde{O}(\sqrt{T}+ζ)$. The proposed algorithm relies on the recently developed uncertainty-weighted least-squares regression from linear contextual bandit and a new weighted estimator of uncertainty for the general function class. In contrast to the existing analysis that heavily relies on the linear structure, we develop a novel technique to control the sum of weighted uncertainty, thus establishing the final regret bounds. We then generalize our algorithm to the episodic MDP setting and first achieve an additive dependence on the corruption level $ζ$ in the scenario of general function approximation. Notably, our algorithms achieve regret bounds either nearly match the performance lower bound or improve the existing methods for all the corruption levels and in both known and unknown $ζ$ cases.
description: We study the corruption-robust MDPs and contextual bandits with general function approximation
Cooling of a lattice granular fluid as an ordering process
Creators: name: Baldassarri, A.
name: Marconi, U. Marini Bettolo
name: Puglisi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new microscopic model of granular medium to study the role of dynamical correlations and the onset of spatial order induced by the inelasticity of the interactions. In spite of its simplicity, it features several different aspects of the rich phenomenology observed in granular materials and allows to make contact with other topics of statistical mechanics such as diffusion processes, domain growth, persistence, aging phenomena. Interestingly, while local observables being controlled by the largest wavelength fluctuations seem to suggest a purely diffusive behavior, the formation of spatially extended structures and topological defects, such as vortices and shocks, reveals a more complex scenario.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
The in- and outpatient health care use of patients with COPD before and after initiation of home care: a registry study from Norway
Creators: name: Moger, Tron Anders
name: Holte, Jon Helgheim
name: Amundsen, Olav
name: Haavaag, Silje Bjørnsen
name: Døhl, Øystein
name: Bragstad, Line Kildal
name: Hellesø, Ragnhild
name: Vøllestad, Nina Køpke
name: Tjerbo, Trond
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common condition associated with age, multimorbidity and frequently involves the use of health care across levels. Understanding the factors associated with the initiation of long-term care is important when planning the future need for services. We describe healthcare use before and after the reception of any home care. We further studied the associations between healthcare use and first registered home care service and from first registered home care service to nursing home admission or death. Patients residing in Oslo or Trondheim at the time of first contact with a COPD primary diagnosis, 2009–2018. Patient data were linked across national and municipal registries, covering healthcare and sociodemographics. The sample consisted of 16,738 individuals. There was a marked increase in inpatient and outpatient hospital contacts in the years prior to and after the reception of any home care. Adjusted for comorbidities and sociodemographics, high numbers of GP consultations, and inpatient and outpatient hospital contacts for respiratory diagnoses were associated with a significantly higher likelihood of receiving home care the next year (hazard odds ratios > 1.3). Following the reception of home care, the type of home care service received (e.g. home nursing or short-term rehabilitation/treatment) was more important than outpatient services in predicting next-year nursing home admission or death. Including data on prior outpatient care when predicting future need for home care is beneficial. A high frequency (top 10%) of yearly GP, in- or outpatient hospital contacts can imply that the patient may be in need of home care in the near future.
Space-time virtual elements for the heat equation
Creators: name: Gómez, Sergio
name: Mascotto, Lorenzo
name: Moiola, Andrea
name: Perugia, Ilaria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35K05, 65M12, 65M15

description: We propose and analyze a space-time virtual element method for the discretization of the heat equation in a space-time cylinder, based on a standard Petrov-Galerkin formulation. Local discrete functions are solutions to a heat equation problem with polynomial data. Global virtual element spaces are nonconforming in space, so that the analysis and the design of the method are independent of the spatial dimension. The information between time slabs is transmitted by means of upwind terms involving polynomial projections of the discrete functions. We prove well posedness and optimal error estimates for the scheme, and validate them with several numerical tests.
Tactusa discrepans subsp. yunnanensis Fibiger 2011
Creators: name: Fibiger, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Erebidae
Tactusa
Tactusa discrepans
Tactusa discrepans yunnanensis fibiger, 2011

description: Tactusa discrepans yunnanensis Fibiger, 2011
(Plate 13, figures 6, 7; male genit. plate 29, figure 1; female genit. plate 36, figure 7)
description: Published as part of Fibiger, Michael, 2011, Revision of the Micronoctuidae (Lepidoptera: Noctuoidea). Part 4, Taxonomy of the subfamilies Tentaxinae and Micronoctuinae, pp. 1-188 in Zootaxa 2842 (2842) on page 132, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.2842.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10095402
A sufficient criterion for integrability of stochastic many-body dynamics and quantum spin chains
Creators: name: Popkov, V.
name: Fouladvand, M. E.
name: Schuetz, G. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a dynamical matrix product ansatz describing the stochastic dynamics of two species of particles with excluded-volume interaction and the quantum mechanics of the associated quantum spin chains respectively. Analyzing consistency of the time-dependent algebra which is obtained from the action of the corresponding Markov generator, we obtain sufficient conditions on the hopping rates for identifing the integrable models. From the dynamical algebra we construct the quadratic algebra of Zamolodchikov type, associativity of which is a Yang Baxter equation. The Bethe ansatz equations for the spectra are obtained directly from the dynamical matrix product ansatz.
description: 19 pages Latex
Three-nucleon mechanisms in photoreactions
Creators: name: Watts, D. P.
name: Ahrens, J.
name: Annand, J. R. M
name: Beck, R.
name: Branford, D.
name: Grabmayr, P.
name: Hehl, T.
name: Kellie, J. D.
name: MacGregor, I. J. D.
name: McGeorge, J. C.
name: Owens, R. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $^{12}$C$(γ,ppn)$ reaction has been measured for E$_γ$=150-800 MeV in the first study of this reaction in a target heavier than $^3$He. The experimental data are compared to a microscopic many body calculation. The model, which predicts that the largest contribution to the reaction arises from final state interactions following an initial pion production process, overestimates the measured cross sections and there are strong indications that the overestimate arises in this two-step process. The selection of suitable kinematic conditions strongly suppresses this two-step contribution leaving cross sections in which up to half the yield is predicted to arise from the absorption of the photon on three interacting nucleons and which agree with the model. The results indicate $(γ,3N)$ measurements on nuclei may be a valuable tool for obtaining information on the nuclear three-body interaction.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Tactusa pars Fibiger 2010
Creators: name: Fibiger, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Erebidae
Tactusa
Tactusa pars

description: Tactusa pars Fibiger, 2010
(Plate 13, figures 8; male genit. plate 29, figure 2; female genit. plate 36, figure 8)
 Tactusa pars Fibiger 2010. Zootaxa 2583: 34, pl. 4: 6; pl. 14: 4; pl. 23: 2. Type locality: Thailand West, Kanchannaburi.
description: Published as part of Fibiger, Michael, 2011, Revision of the Micronoctuidae (Lepidoptera: Noctuoidea). Part 4, Taxonomy of the subfamilies Tentaxinae and Micronoctuinae, pp. 1-188 in Zootaxa 2842 (2842) on page 133, DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.2842.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10095402
Geomatic Concepts in Agriculture Thesauri
Creators: name: Čerba, O.
name: Jedlička, K.
name: Čerba, O.
name: Jedlička, K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Geomatics
subject: thesaurus
subject: semantics
subject: agriculture
subject: concept

description: The agriculture thesauri (e.g. AGROVOC or NAL Agriculture Thesaurus) represent very large and robust systems of formalized knowledge. They are primarily focused on information related to agriculture. But they also use fragments of geomatic information and knowledge in a form of concepts and their terms. These concepts include general terms of all parts of geomatics as well as data instances (such as particular methods). Even though these concepts are not the main component of above-mentioned thesauri, the concepts from geomatic domain play very important role in a process of detail description of agricultural and other concepts (including processes of their measurement, observation or mapping) contained in thesauri. This paper assess geomatic concepts in AGROVOC and NAL Agriculture Thesaurus from the view of geomatics (but with a respect to methodologies of thesauri development and maintenance). It means evaluation of the subset of concepts related to geomatics and close scientific disciplines such as cartography, photogrammetry, GIS science or remote sensing. Authors look into definitions of concepts, their hierarchy, relations and links to other information resources. As the result there is a short list of recommendations how to improve and enrich the above-mentioned thesauri from the view of concepts from geomatic domain. It can enhance the quality of thesauri and their information value. The paper introduces the fundamental terminology (terms thesaurus, geomatics and concept) and related researches. Then a description of mapping of concepts in particular tools follows. The results of mapping are summarized in the part focused on the most frequent imperfections. The last section (with the exception of the final conclusion) presents the set of recommendations concerning usage of concepts from geomatic domain in agricultural thesauri.
Social Media for Organic Products Promotion
Creators: name: Pechrová, M.
name: Lohr, V.
name: Havlíček, Z.
name: Pechrová, M.
name: Lohr, V.
name: Havlíček, Z.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Social media
subject: product marketing
subject: organic products
subject: Facebook
subject: post

description: The aim of the article is to introduce new social media as one of effective marketing tools for organic farmers. The research includes an application of recommendations proposed by Lohr (2013). In order to verify them on successfully implemented concept working with precisely defined target group the data from Facebook of the Faculty of Economics and Management of the Czech University of Life Sciences Prague were chosen. As one of the key indicators of success the reach of the published posts is examined. For its increasing we recommend to publish short posts and amusing content (such as photos). We analyse separately the influence of games and competitions on the loyalty of fans and recommend using them for better communication with users. The results of mutually done analysis of utilization of Facebook to promote organic products showed that having a lot of fans at Facebook does not necessary mean that they are active as well. The distribution of activities corresponds to the so-called “long tail”, which implies, using the theory of social capital exchange according to Emerson (2003) that the potential of social media for farmers’ pages is nowadays still high and still waits for its utilization. Social media can serve to farmers as a marketing tool, but are not fully utilized yet. One reason might be that farmers are not familiar with possibilities or lack of experiences with this new tool.