cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A note on the quasiperiodic many-body localization transition in dimension $d>1$
Creators: name: Agrawal, Utkarsh
name: Vasseur, Romain
name: Gopalakrishnan, Sarang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of the many-body localization (MBL) transition and even the existence of the MBL phase in random many-body quantum systems have been actively debated in recent years. In spatial dimension $d>1$, there is some consensus that the MBL phase is unstable to rare thermal inclusions that can lead to an avalanche that thermalizes the whole system. In this note, we explore the possibility of MBL in quasiperiodic systems in dimension $d>1$. We argue that (i) the MBL phase is stable at strong enough quasiperiodic modulations for $d = 2$, and (ii) the possibility of an avalanche strongly constrains the finite-size scaling behavior of the MBL transition. We present a suggestive construction that MBL is unstable for $d \geq 3$.
description: Discussion on Hartree effects updated, 5 pages, 2 figures
Separation of uncorrelated stationary time series using autocovariance matrices
Creators: name: Miettinen, Jari
name: Illner, Katrin
name: Nordhausen, Klaus
name: Oja, Hannu
name: Taskinen, Sara
name: Theis, Fabian J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62H05, 62H10

description: Blind source separation (BSS) is a signal processing tool, which is widely used in various fields. Examples include biomedical signal separation, brain imaging and economic time series applications. In BSS, one assumes that the observed $p$ time series are linear combinations of $p$ latent uncorrelated weakly stationary time series. The aim is then to find an estimate for an unmixing matrix, which transforms the observed time series back to uncorrelated latent time series. In SOBI (Second Order Blind Identification) joint diagonalization of the covariance matrix and autocovariance matrices with several lags is used to estimate the unmixing matrix. The rows of an unmixing matrix can be derived either one by one (deflation-based approach) or simultaneously (symmetric approach). The latter of these approaches is well-known especially in signal processing literature, however, the rigorous analysis of its statistical properties has been missing so far. In this paper, we fill this gap and investigate the statistical properties of the symmetric SOBI estimate in detail and find its limiting distribution under general conditions. The asymptotical efficiencies of symmetric SOBI estimate are compared to those of recently introduced deflation-based SOBI estimate under general multivariate MA$(\infty)$ processes. The theory is illustrated by some finite-sample simulation studies as well as a real EEG data example.
A Diffusion Approach to Radiance Field Relighting using Multi-Illumination Synthesis
Creators: name: Poirier-Ginter, Yohan
name: Gauthier, Alban
name: Philip, Julien
name: Lalonde, Jean-Francois
name: Drettakis, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.3; I.4

description: Relighting radiance fields is severely underconstrained for multi-view data, which is most often captured under a single illumination condition; It is especially hard for full scenes containing multiple objects. We introduce a method to create relightable radiance fields using such single-illumination data by exploiting priors extracted from 2D image diffusion models. We first fine-tune a 2D diffusion model on a multi-illumination dataset conditioned by light direction, allowing us to augment a single-illumination capture into a realistic -- but possibly inconsistent -- multi-illumination dataset from directly defined light directions. We use this augmented data to create a relightable radiance field represented by 3D Gaussian splats. To allow direct control of light direction for low-frequency lighting, we represent appearance with a multi-layer perceptron parameterized on light direction. To enforce multi-view consistency and overcome inaccuracies we optimize a per-image auxiliary feature vector. We show results on synthetic and real multi-view data under single illumination, demonstrating that our method successfully exploits 2D diffusion model priors to allow realistic 3D relighting for complete scenes. Project site https://repo-sam.inria.fr/fungraph/generative-radiance-field-relighting/
description: Project site https://repo-sam.inria.fr/fungraph/generative-radiance-field-relighting/
US Strategies of Institutional Adaptation in the Face of Hegemonic Decline
Creators: name: Viola, Lora Anne
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Global Policy
subject: US Strategies
subject: hegemonic decline
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::320 Politikwissenschaft::320 Politikwissenschaft

description: How do shifts in the global distribution of power affect the US’ preferences for institutionalized cooperation? This article explains why and when the power shift creates incentives for the US to move cooperation out of universal multilateral institutions, such as the WTO, and into exclusive multilateral institutions where it seeks to create a leading consensus among a select group of ‘like‐minded’ states. An agreement reached within the sub‐group imposes costs on those excluded from the deal. This increases the hegemon’s power bargaining leverage vis‐à‐vis outsiders who can join the new agreement as price‐takers. In this scenario, the hegemon’s institutional response to the challenge of rising powers is a strategy of divide and conquer; that is, strategic cooptation based on inducements followed by power bargaining based on coercion. The double move, however, puts the hegemon in the position of challenging the institutional status quo with potentially negative consequences for the original institutional order. A case study of negotiations over a new trade in services agreement (TiSA) shows this strategy of divide and conquer at work as the US tries to first achieve a deal without emerging economies, notably China, that can later be imposed on them.
Exploring Continuous Integrate-and-Fire for Adaptive Simultaneous Speech Translation
Creators: name: Chang, Chih-Chiang
name: Lee, Hung-yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Simultaneous speech translation (SimulST) is a challenging task aiming to translate streaming speech before the complete input is observed. A SimulST system generally includes two components: the pre-decision that aggregates the speech information and the policy that decides to read or write. While recent works had proposed various strategies to improve the pre-decision, they mainly adopt the fixed wait-k policy, leaving the adaptive policies rarely explored. This paper proposes to model the adaptive policy by adapting the Continuous Integrate-and-Fire (CIF). Compared with monotonic multihead attention (MMA), our method has the advantage of simpler computation, superior quality at low latency, and better generalization to long utterances. We conduct experiments on the MuST-C V2 dataset and show the effectiveness of our approach.
description: INTERSPEECH 2022 camera ready
A high-flux BEC source for mobile atom interferometers
Creators: name: Rudolph, Jan
name: Herr, Waldemar
name: Grzeschik, Christoph
name: Sternke, Tammo
name: Grote, Alexander
name: Popp, Manuel
name: Becker, Dennis
name: Müntinga, Hauke
name: Ahlers, Holger
name: Peters, Achim
name: Lämmerzahl, Claus
name: Sengstock, Klaus
name: Gaaloul, Naceur
name: Ertmer, Wolfgang
name: Rasel, Ernst M
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: equivalence principle
subject: quantum sensors
subject: Bose–Einstein condensates
subject: atom interferometry
subject: microgravity
subject: 530 Physik

description: Quantum sensors based on coherent matter-waves are precise measurement devices whose ultimate accuracy is achieved with Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs) in extended free fall. This is ideally realized in microgravity environments such as drop towers, ballistic rockets and space platforms. However, the transition from lab-based BEC machines to robust and mobile sources with comparable performance is a challenging endeavor. Here we report on the realization of a miniaturized setup, generating a flux of $4\times {{10}^{5}}$ quantum degenerate 87Rb atoms every 1.6 s. Ensembles of $1\times {{10}^{5}}$ atoms can be produced at a 1 Hz rate. This is achieved by loading a cold atomic beam directly into a multi-layer atom chip that is designed for efficient transfer from laser-cooled to magnetically trapped clouds. The attained flux of degenerate atoms is on par with current lab-based BEC experiments while offering significantly higher repetition rates. Additionally, the flux is approaching those of current interferometers employing Raman-type velocity selection of laser-cooled atoms. The compact and robust design allows for mobile operation in a variety of demanding environments and paves the way for transportable high-precision quantum sensors.
Plenoptic microscopy and photography from intensity correlations
Creators: name: Pepe, Francesco V.
name: Di Lena, Francesco
name: Garuccio, Augusto
name: Giannella, Davide
name: Lupo, Alessandro
name: Massaro, Gianlorenzo
name: Scagliola, Alessio
name: Scattarella, Francesco
name: Vasiukov, Sergii
name: D'Angelo, Milena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present novel methods to perform plenoptic imaging at the diffraction limit by measuring intensity correlations of light. The first method is oriented towards plenoptic microscopy, a promising technique which allows refocusing and depth-of-field enhancement, in post-processing, as well as scanning free 3D imaging. To overcome the limitations of standard plenoptic microscopes, we propose an adaptation of Correlation Plenoptic Imaging (CPI) to the working conditions of microscopy. We consider and compare different architectures of CPI microscopes, and discuss the improved robustness with respect to previous protocols against turbulence around the sample. The second method is based on measuring correlations between the images of two reference planes, arbitrarily chosen within the tridimensional scene of interest, providing an unprecedented combination of image resolution and depth of field. The results lead the way towards the realization of compact designs for CPI devices.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2007.12033
On Finite-Time Mutual Information
Creators: name: Zhu, Jieao
name: Zhang, Zijian
name: Wan, Zhongzhichao
name: Dai, Linglong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Shannon-Hartley theorem can accurately calculate the channel capacity when the signal observation time is infinite. However, the calculation of finite-time mutual information, which remains unknown, is essential for guiding the design of practical communication systems. In this paper, we investigate the mutual information between two correlated Gaussian processes within a finite-time observation window. We first derive the finite-time mutual information by providing a limit expression. Then we numerically compute the mutual information within a single finite-time window. We reveal that the number of bits transmitted per second within the finite-time window can exceed the mutual information averaged over the entire time axis, which is called the exceed-average phenomenon. Furthermore, we derive a finite-time mutual information formula under a typical signal autocorrelation case by utilizing the Mercer expansion of trace class operators, and reveal the connection between the finite-time mutual information problem and the operator theory. Finally, we analytically prove the existence of the exceed-average phenomenon in this typical case, and demonstrate its compatibility with the Shannon capacity.
description: Accepted by IEEE ISIT 2022. In this paper, we establish an analysis framework for continuous finite-time mutual information between Gaussian stochastic processes, laying the foundation for the continuous analysis in electromagnetic information theory. The simulation codes are provided at: http://oa.ee.tsinghua.edu.cn/dailinglong/publications/publications.html. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2111.00444
Alpha-1-Adrenergic receptors as new targets in Neuroblastoma
Creators: name: Broso, Francesca
Publisher: name: Universit� degli studi di Trento
Year: 2021

description: High-risk neuroblastoma (NB) is an aggressive childhood tumor that originates from progenitor neural crest cells. Even if the therapeutic protocol for NB is articulate and aggressive, the outcome remains dismal, with the 5-year disease-free overall survival below rating 50%. A novel drug combination strategy can possibly provide a new solution to this unmet therapeutic need. 13-cis retinoic acid (13-cis-RA, isotretinoin) is an anti-proliferative and pro-differentiative agent currently used in the post-consolidation phase of NB therapy. To identify molecules able to potentiate the anti-proliferative activity of 13-cis-RA, NB cells were treated with a library of 169 naturally occurring polyphenols in combination with the retinoid. This in vitro screen led to the identification of isorhamnetin as a synergistic partner of 13-cis-RA, producing an 80% reduction in cell viability. At the molecular level, this synergistic effect is followed by a marked increase in the expression of a member of the catecholamine receptor superfamily: the adrenergic receptor alpha-1B (ADRA1B) suggesting that this receptor might represent a key mediator of the synergistic effect of 13-cis-RA and isorhamnetin observed in vitro. This finding redirected our attention to the class of adrenergic receptors (ARs) as novel targets in NB. To investigate the role of ADRA1B in the synergism, we generated CHP134 NB cell lines knocked-out (KO) for the receptor and observed that exposure of CHP134 KO cell to 13-cis-RA leads to a reduction of cell viability and neural differentiation. We, therefore, substituted the genetic KO strategy with the alpha-1B adrenergic antagonist, L765,314, obtaining the same results. Subsequently, we extended the analysis on the role of adrenergic receptors (AR) performing a biased screen using two libraries of AR-ligands. The screen results confirm that the molecules working as alpha-1-ARs antagonists are those that greatly increase cell sensitivity to 13-cis-RA with reduction of cell viability and increase in differentiation. We confirmed our observation in NB xenograft mice models in vivo, treating mice with a combination of 13-cis-RA and the FDA approved alpha-1 AR antagonist doxazosin. The proposed pharmacological treatment was effective in slowing tumor growth, leading to tumors of smaller size. From our results, we can conclude that the deletion or inhibition of alpha-1-AR sensitizes NB cells to 13-Cis-RA, both in terms of induction of apoptosis and neural differentiation. Since NB is a catecholamine-rich tumor, we propose that antagonization of alpha-1-AR disrupts the established autocrine pro-survival circuit generated by catecholamines in NB and restores the ability of the cells to follow the pro-differentiative and pro-apoptotic programs endorsed by 13-cis-RA. Considering the druggable nature of the alpha-1-AR receptors, we indicate this class of receptors as a novel pharmacological target for the treatment of neuroblastoma.
Ocean Dumping: Issues & Answers Concerning Sewage Sludge Disposal
Creators: name: Zimmer, Robin D.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 1980

description: Because waste disposal decisions ultimately affect people in their own communities, public understanding of the issues is imperative. The deadline for cessation of ocean dumping has brought the problems into sharp focus. To identify and clarify some of the myriad aspects of sewage waste disposal, a conference was held November 1,1980, on the Cook College campus of Rutgers University. A distinguished panel of experts discussed problems and alternatives, and answered questions from an audience of concerned persons, many of whom were knowledgeable about various aspects of the problems of sewage waste disposal. This report summarizes a full day of presentations and discussions.
CD90 marks satellite cells into two subpopulations with distinct dynamics of activation and proliferation
Creators: name: Libergoli, Michela
Publisher: name: Universit� degli studi di Trento
Year: 2021

description: Previous work from our laboratory in the mdx mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) demonstrated that a fraction of muscle stem cells (i.e., satellite cells) (MuSCs) progressively lose the expression of myogenic markers during the progression of the disease. In the process of characterizing this aberrant behaviour, we serendipitously discovered that MuSCs might be separated into two distinct subpopulations based on the expression of the GPI-anchored surface protein CD90. Crucially, this separation does not correlate with a divergence from the myogenic lineage; instead, it separates the pool of MuSCs into two subpopulations, both maintaining myogenic properties in healthy muscles. These two newly identified subpopulations do not overlap with any previously reported subpopulation and may be prospectively isolated; present a different response in terms of kinetics of activation and differentiation during the regenerative process induced by acute muscle damage; show a different propensity to enter in GAlert state upon distal injury; display dissimilar pAMPK activity and contain a different amount of mitochondria; are present in different proportions in distinct muscle groups; differentially express ECM encoding genes during quiescence. Moreover, one of the two subpopulations can give rise to the other and therefore appears to be upstream in the lineage hierarchy. Notably, loss of function experiments, in which CD90 was downregulated in MuSCs, diminish the difference in activation displayed by the two subpopulations. This demonstrates that CD90 is a molecular determinant of MuSCs functional diversification. Importantly, although the two subpopulations of MuSCs are numerically similar in healthy limb muscles, one of the two subpopulations is lost with time in dystrophic mdx mice. Based on these data, we are hypothesizing that an imbalance between the two newly identified subpopulations may impair regeneration in the dystrophic muscles. These observations not only increase our knowledge of the molecular and cellular dynamics that are controlling normal and pathological muscle homeostasis but also open the possibility that restoring the proper functional equilibrium between subpopulations of MuSCs may counteract the progression of the dystrophic disease.
Dimers, webs, and positroids
Creators: name: Lam, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the dimer model for a planar bipartite graph N embedded in a disk, with boundary vertices on the boundary of the disk. Counting dimer configurations with specified boundary conditions gives a point in the totally nonnegative Grassmannian. Considering pairing probabilities for the double-dimer model gives rise to Grassmann analogues of Rhoades and Skandera's Temperley-Lieb immanants. The same problem for the (probably novel) triple-dimer model gives rise to the combinatorics of Kuperberg's webs and Grassmann analogues of Pylyavskyy's web immanants. This draws a connection between the square move of plabic graphs (or urban renewal of planar bipartite graphs), and Kuperberg's square reduction of webs. Our results also suggest that canonical-like bases might be applied to the dimer model. We furthermore show that these functions on the Grassmannian are compatible with restriction to positroid varieties. Namely, our construction gives bases for the degree two and degree three components of the homogeneous coordinate ring of a positroid variety that are compatible with the cyclic group action.
description: 25 pages
Correcting motion induced fluorescence artifacts in two-channel neural imaging
Creators: name: Creamer, Matthew S.
name: Chen, Kevin S.
name: Leifer, Andrew M.
name: Pillow, Jonathan W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Imaging neural activity in a behaving animal presents unique challenges in part because motion from an animal's movement creates artifacts in fluorescence intensity time-series that are difficult to distinguish from neural signals of interest. One approach to mitigating these artifacts is to image two channels; one that captures an activity-dependent fluorophore, such as GCaMP, and another that captures an activity-independent fluorophore such as RFP. Because the activity-independent channel contains the same motion artifacts as the activity-dependent channel, but no neural signals, the two together can be used to remove the artifacts. Existing approaches for this correction, such as taking the ratio of the two channels, do not account for channel independent noise in the measured fluorescence. Moreover, no systematic comparison has been made of existing approaches that use two-channel signals. Here, we present Two-channel Motion Artifact Correction (TMAC), a method which seeks to remove artifacts by specifying a generative model of the fluorescence of the two channels as a function of motion artifact, neural activity, and noise. We further present a novel method for evaluating ground-truth performance of motion correction algorithms by comparing the decodability of behavior from two types of neural recordings; a recording that had both an activity-dependent fluorophore (GCaMP and RFP) and a recording where both fluorophores were activity-independent (GFP and RFP). A successful motion-correction method should decode behavior from the first type of recording, but not the second. We use this metric to systematically compare five methods for removing motion artifacts from fluorescent time traces. We decode locomotion from a GCaMP expressing animal 15x more accurately on average than from control when using TMAC inferred activity and outperform all other methods of motion correction tested.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Robust Adaptive Switching Control of Hypersonic Reentry Vehicle based on Q-learning
Creators: name:  XIN ZHANG
name:   JIYUAN SUN
name:   SHUSHI WANG
Publisher: name: Proceedings of the Aerospace Europe Conference - EUCASS - CEAS - 2023
Year: 2023
Subjects: HYPERSONIC REENTRY VEHICLE
Q-LEARNING
SWITCHING CONTROL
STABILITY ANALYSIS

description: This paper proposes a robust adaptive switching control strategy for the hypersonic reentry vehicle based on the Q-learning algorithm. First, the kinematic and dynamic models of the hypersonic reentry vehicle (HRV) are established, apart from the system uncertainties and external disturbances. Then, the traditional PID controller is presented for this basic model. However, during the reentry phase, the strong coupling effects, high angle of attack, large disturbances, sharp changes of atmosphere environment, and system uncertainties inevitably depreciate the performance of the PID controller. To further improve HRV\'s control performance, the Q-leaning algorithm and zero-sum game theory are devised in the presence of unknown system matrices and disturbances. Therefore, the designed control scheme in this paper consists of the basic PID controller and the model-free Q-leaming controller, while an adaptive switching strategy is generated by the attitude tracking errors and other performance evaluation factors based on the analytic hierarchy process method. As a result, the controller switching occurs mainly based on the better controller\'s judgement between PID and Q-leaming controller by considering the responding control performance factors. Normally, when the attitude tracking error converges to a small value, the current controller in use will switch from PID to Q-leaming. Finally, this proposed switching control system\'s stability analysis is conducted by the average dwell time method, while its feasibility, robustness and control performance are demonstrated by comparative simulations.
Quantum Systems and their Classical Limit A C*- Algebraic Approach
Creators: name: Van De Ven, Christiaan Jozef Farielda
Publisher: name: Universit� degli studi di Trento
Year: 2021

description: In this thesis we develop a mathematically rigorous framework of the so-called ''classical limit'' of quantum systems and their semi-classical properties. Our methods are based on the theory of strict, also called C*- algebraic deformation quantization. Since this C*-algebraic approach encapsulates both quantum as classical theory in one single framework, it provides, in particular, an excellent setting for studying natural emergent phenomena like spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB) and phase transitions typically showing up in the classical limit of quantum theories. To this end, several techniques from functional analysis and operator algebras have been exploited and specialised to the context of Schr�dinger operators and quantum spin systems. Their semi-classical properties including the possible occurrence of SSB have been investigated and illustrated with various physical models. Furthermore, it has been shown that the application of perturbation theory sheds new light on symmetry breaking in Nature, i.e. in real, hence finite materials. A large number of physically relevant results have been obtained and presented by means of diverse research papers.
An energy-momentum map for the time-reversal symmetric 1:1 resonance with Z_2 X Z_2 symmetry
Creators: name: Pucacco, Giuseppe
name: Marchesiello, Antonella
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a general analysis of the bifurcation sequences of periodic orbits in general position of a family of reversible 1:1 resonant Hamiltonian normal forms invariant under $\Z_2\times\Z_2$ symmetry. The rich structure of these classical systems is investigated both with a singularity theory approach and geometric methods. The geometric approach readily allows to find an energy-momentum map describing the phase space structure of each member of the family and a catastrophe map that captures its global features. Quadrature formulas for the actions, periods and rotation number are also provided.
description: 22 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
The Impact of Social Capital and Leadership on Performance in Distributed, Cross-National, Collaborative Learning Teams
Creators: name: Cogburn, Derrick
name: Zhang, Lingling
name: Khothule, Mpaleng
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: A range of socio-technical factors influence performance in distributed teams. Trust and “social capital” are seen as amongst the most important of these factors. However, many studies have not taken into consideration sufficiently the impact of crossnational cultural factors on the development of trust and social capital in distributed teams . In this thirteen-week, quasi-experimental field study, we used a suite of web-based collaboration tools as the platform for a highly-interactive globally distributed collaborative learning environment. Within this learning environment, we investigated the impact of group mode (FTF vs. Distributed), faculty mode (FTF vs. Distributed), and geographic location (United States vs. South Africa) on group effectiveness, learning and development when performing unstructured tasks. In this initial analysis of the data, we found that students working in FTF teams had higher levels of satisfaction with the seminar and more trust in their teammates. However, they did not perform significantly better on a series of unstructured tasks than those in distributed teams.
Probing the Anomalous FCNC Interactions in Top-Higgs Final State and Charge Ratio Approach
Creators: name: Khatibi, Sara
name: Najafabadi, Mojtaba Mohammadi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the anomalous production of a single top quark in association with a Higgs boson at the LHC originating from flavor changing neutral current (FCNC) interactions in $tqg$ and $tqH$ vertices. We derive the discovery potentials and $68\%$ C.L. upper limits considering leptonic decay of the top quark and the Higgs boson decay into a $b\bar{b}$ pair with 10 fb$^{-1}$ integrated luminosity of data in proton-proton collisions at the center-of-mass energy of 14 TeV. We propose a charge ratio for the lepton in top quark decay in terms of lepton $p_{T}$ and $η$ as a strong tool to observe the signal. In particular, we show that the charge ratio increases significantly at large $p_{T}$ of the charged lepton. While the main background from $t\bar{t}$ is nearly charge symmetric and $W+jets$ background has much smaller charge ratio with respect to the signal. We show that this feature can also be used in the probe of anomalous single top production with a $Z-$boson or a photon which are under the attention of the experimental collaborations.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Aeropropulsive Assessment of the Scramjet Hypersonic Experimental Vehicle
Creators: name:  PIETRO RONCIONI
name:   MARCO MARINI
name:   SARA DI BENEDETTO
Publisher: name: Proceedings of the Aerospace Europe Conference - EUCASS - CEAS - 2023
Year: 2023
Subjects: CFD
AERODYNAMIC
PROPULSION

description: The present paper deals with the aerodynamic and propulsive (aeropropulsive) characterization of the Scram jet Hypersonic Experimental Vehicle (SHEV) as part of a research project on experimentation for hypersonic flight and enabling technologies for future high-speed transportation systems. The vehicle SHEV is a propelled hypersonic aircraft in-flight demonstrator posing the challenge of creating, at national level, an aircraft capable of supporting a levelled hypersonic flight thanks to the introduction of a scram jet propulsion system.
Environmental and Economic Assessment of Alternative Fuels and Power Trains on Aircraft Level
Creators: name:  FELIX BRENNER
name:   JONAS MANGOLD
name:   DOMINIK EISENHUT
name:   ANDREAS STROHMAYER
Publisher: name: Proceedings of the Aerospace Europe Conference - EUCASS - CEAS - 2023
Year: 2023
Subjects: ALTERNATIVE FUELS
ALTERNATIVE POWER TRAINS
AIRCRAFT DESIGN

description: In the frame of the H2020 project FuTPRlNT50 a SO-passenger, 400 km-range hybrid-electric aircraft was designed for entry into service by 2035. In this paper, three internal combustion engine (ICE) aircraft -powered by Sustainable Aviation Fuel, hydrogen and methane -and a hybrid-electric aircraft, featuring gas turbine and electric motors are analysed using the SUAVE framework and compared to the hybrid-electric variant. Results show, that the hybrid-electric configuration bears high operating costs due to the mass of its electric components. Finally, looking at the different fuels it becomes apparent, that hydrogen is the only option where a renewable production path leads to a higher figure of merit.
A quantum reactive scattering perspective on electronic nonadiabaticity
Creators: name: Peng, Yang
name: Ghiringhelli, Luca M.
name: Appel, Heiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on quantum reactive-scattering theory, we propose a method for studying the electronic nonadiabaticity in collision processes involving electron-ion rearrangements. We investigate the state-to-state transition probability for electron-ion rearrangements with two comparable approaches. In the first approach the information of the electron is only contained in the ground-state Born-Oppenheimer potential-energy surface, which is the starting point of common reactive-scattering calculations. In the second approach, the electron is explicitly taken into account and included in the calculations at the same level as the ions. Hence, the deviation in the results between the two approaches directly reflects the electronic nonadiabaticity during the collision process. To illustrate the method, we apply it to the well-known proton-transfer model of Shin and Metiu (one electron and three ions), generalized by us in order to allow for reactive scattering channels. It is shown that our explicit electron approach is able to capture electronic nonadiabaticity and the renormalization of the reaction barrier near the classical turning points of the potential in nuclear configuration space. In contrast, system properties near the equilibrium geometry of the asymptotic scattering channels are hardly affected by electronic nonadiabatic effects. We also present an analytical expression for the transition amplitude of the asymmetric proton-transfer model based on the direct evaluation of integrals over the involved Airy functions.
description: 14 pages
Stochastic gravitational waves from long cosmic strings
Creators: name: da Cunha, Disrael Camargo Neves
name: Ringeval, Christophe
name: Bouchet, François R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the expected strain power spectrum and energy density parameter of the stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) created by a network of long cosmic strings evolving during the whole cosmic history. As opposed to other studies, the contribution of cosmic string loops is discarded and our result provides a robust lower bound of the expected signal that is applicable to most string models. Our approach uses Nambu-Goto numerical simulations, running during the radiation, transition and matter eras, in which we compute the two-point unequal-time anisotropic stress correlators. These ones act as source terms in the linearised equations of motion for the tensor modes, that we solve using an exact Green's function integrator. Today, we find that the rescaled strain power spectrum $(k/\mathcal{H}_0)^2 \mathcal{P}_h$ peaks on Hubble scales and exhibits, at large wavenumbers, high frequency oscillations around a plateau of amplitude $100 (GU)^2$. Most of the high frequency power is generated by the long strings present in the matter era, the radiation era contribution being smaller.
description: 28 pages, 9 figures, uses jcappub. References and discussions added. Matches published version
Space-based passive orbital maneuver detection algorithm via a new characterization
Creators: name:  XIN JIN
name:   BAICHUN GONG
name:   SHIHANG YANG
name:   SHUANG LI
name:   XIANQIANG LI
Publisher: name: Proceedings of the Aerospace Europe Conference - EUCASS - CEAS - 2023
Year: 2023
Subjects: PACE SITUATIONAL AWARENESS
RELATIVE MOTION
MANEUVER DETECTION
SPACE-BASED

description: Orbital manoeuvre detection for non-cooperative targets is a key task in space situational awareness. This study develops a passive manoeuvre detection algorithm using angles measured by a space-based optical sensor. Emphasis is placed on constructing a new characterization for manoeuvres as well as the corresponding detection method, especially for targets in high-altitude orbit, the relative distance between vehicles is far less than their geocentric distance. First, the concept of relative angular momentum is introduced to characterize the orbital manoeuvre of the target quantitatively. Second, a detection algorithm is designed where sliding windows and correlations are utilized to determine the mutation of the manoeuvre characterization. Lastly, the proposed algorithm is verified through numerical simulations.
Balanced double-loop mesoscopic interferometer based on Josephson proximity nanojunctions
Creators: name: Ronzani, Alberto
name: Altimiras, Carles
name: Giazotto, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the fabrication and characterization of a two-terminal mesoscopic interferometer based on three V/Cu/V Josephson junctions having nanoscale cross-section. The junctions have been arranged in a double-ring geometry realized by metallic thin film deposition through a suspended mask defined by electron beam lithography. Although a significant amount of asymmetry between the critical current of each junction is observed we show that the interferometer is able to suppress the supercurrent to a level lower than 6 parts per thousand, being here limited by measurement resolution. The present nano-device is suitable for low-temperature magnetometric and gradiometric measurements over the micrometric scale.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Comparison of chemical profiles of Kānuka (Kunzea robusta de Lange & Toelken, Myrtaceae) essential oils
Creators: name: Lewe, Natascha
name: Young, M
name: Vorster, J
name: Paenga, B
name: Skinner, D
name: Harcourt, N
name: Lange, PD
name: Haira, T
name: Blockley-Powell, S
name: Munkacsi, Andrew
name: Keyzers, Robert
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 3405
subject: Organic chemistry
classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
classificationCode: 3401
subject: Analytical chemistry
classificationCode: 3404
subject: Medicinal and biomolecular chemistry

description: Kānuka/rawirinui (Kunzea robusta de Lange & Toelken) is an endemic plant species in Aotearoa/New Zealand, which is still used today and traditionally by Māori. Chemical profiling of kānuka essential oils has been performed previously, although comprehensive studies are rare, as is the integration of multiple analytical platforms. In this study, we wished to compare the use of GCMS and NMR metabolomic methods for the analysis of eleven kānuka essential oils, and to apply statistical tools to evaluate how well the data sets corresponded. The main compounds detected were α-pinene (35 – 59%), p-cymene (0.1 – 19%), γ-terpinene (not detected – 12%), α-terpinolene (0.1 – 4%), linalool (1 – 5%), limonene (2 – 3%), eucalyptol (0.1 – 7%) and sesquiterpenoid viridiflorol (2 – 9%). Use of Procrustes analysis to compare the analytical data obtained from a pilot study using both GCMS and NMR metabolomic profiling indicated a high level of correlation between the data sets, suggesting either approach is suitable for analysis of kānuka essential oils in an unbiased fashion. In addition, we also report on the absolute configuration of the major component of the essential oil, (+)-D-α-pinene.
Liquid-phase purification for multi-tonne xenon detectors
Creators: name: Plante, G.
name: Aprile, E.
name: Howlett, J.
name: Zhang, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As liquid xenon detectors grow in scale, novel techniques are required to maintain sufficient purity for charges to survive across longer drifts. The Xeclipse test facility at Columbia University was built to test the removal of electronegative impurities through cryogenic filtration powered by a liquid xenon pump, enabling a far higher mass flow rate than gas-phase purification through heated getters. In this paper, we present results from Xeclipse, including measured oxygen removal rates for two sorbent materials, which were used to guide the design and commissioning of the XENONnT liquid purification system. Thanks to this innovation, XENONnT has achieved an electron lifetime greater than 10 ms in an 8.6 tonne total mass, perhaps the highest purity ever measured in a liquid xenon detector.
Spinophallus Zamora-Silva & Malaquias, 2018, GEN. NOV.
Creators: name: Zamora-Silva, Andrea
name: Malaquias, Manuel António E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Cephalaspidea
Aglajidae
Spinophallus

description: GENUS SPINOPHALLUS GEN. NOV.
(FIGS 3M, 5B; TABLES 1 AND 2)
Type species: Philinopsis coronata Gosliner, 2011. By subsequent designation.
Diagnosis: Live animals up to 15 mm in length. Body elongated, wide; cephalic shield blunt, quadrangular; reduced sensory bristles, not visible to the naked eye; posterior shield rounded, terminates in a medial, elongate, conical or bulbous posterior projection (autapomorphy); symmetrical caudal lobes, short, blunt; parapodia short (Fig. 3M). Shell calcified, convex-dilated with open whorl (Fig. 5B). Buccal bulb large, muscular, bulb-shaped. Penial sac with internal spines; penial papilla covered by scattered series of large spines (autapomorphy), or with a ring of rounded tubercles (autapomorphy) (Rudman, 1972a; Gosliner, 2011).
Type locality: Batangas, The Philippines.
Etymology: The genus name (Lat. schedo = penis; spino = spines) refers to the spines present on the penial papilla or in the penial sac of species in this genus.
description: Published as part of Zamora-Silva, Andrea & Malaquias, Manuel António E., 2018, Molecular phylogeny of the Aglajidae head-shield sea slugs (Heterobranchia: Cephalaspidea): new evolutionary lineages revealed and proposal of a new classification, pp. 1-51 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 183 on page 40
Opinion polarization in human communities can emerge as a natural consequence of beliefs being interrelated
Creators: name: Zafeiris, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The emergence of opinion polarization within human communities -- the phenomenon that individuals within a society tend to develop conflicting attitudes related to the greatest diversity of topics -- has been a focus of interest for decades, both from theoretical and modelling points of view. Regarding modelling attempts, an entire scientific field -- opinion dynamics -- has emerged in order to study this and related phenomena. Within this framework, agents' opinions are usually represented by a scalar value which undergoes modification due to interaction with other agents. Under certain conditions, these models are able to reproduce polarization -- a state increasingly familiar to our everyday experience. In the present paper, an alternative explanation is suggested along with its corresponding model. More specifically, we demonstrate that by incorporating the following two well-known human characteristics into the representation of agents: (1) in the human brain beliefs are interconnected, and (2) people strive to maintain a coherent belief system; polarization immediately occurs under exposure to news and information. Furthermore, the model accounts for the proliferation of fake news, and shows how opinion polarization is related to various cognitive biases.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures + SI
Advanced Hybrid-Electric Propulsion Systems and Integrations in Airliner
Creators: name:  MALTE CHRISTOPHER SCHWARZE
Publisher: name: Proceedings of the Aerospace Europe Conference - EUCASS - CEAS - 2023
Year: 2023
Subjects: HYBRID-ELECTRIC PROPULSION
ELECTRIC THRUST
SINGLE AISLE
HYBRID-ELECTRIC AIRCRAFT
FLETTNER
MAGNUS

description: Hybrid-electrical propulsion showed up to be possible in new architectures for applying additional electrical thrust on demand in engines of airliner, making up hybrid electrical propulsion systems, especially suitable for long range operations. These architectures show both parallel and serial aspects at the same time. If these hybrid-electrical propulsion systems are applied on specially adapted airliners, in a special manner and operation, e.g. used for step climbs, the aircraft can access higher cruising altitudes (both higher initial altitudes ICA and higher maximum cruising altitudes) and travel in more favourable conditions. This leads to significant fuel savings, seen over the mission, especially in long range operations. Electrically driven Flettner-Rotors in this context and in general do not show effective in function of optional propulsors, integrated in the engine, so far. Furtheimore further technologies are discussed -these are engine and aircraft related -and are applied on exemplary engines and Single Aisle aircraft (SA-aircraft), and showed up fuel savings up to minus 12,2 % in long range missions. Fuel savings even go up to minus 30,5 % in cruise, if compared to current SA-aircraft on short and medium range missions. In this context of this, at least special long range mission considered, unfortunately it was found out that in the scope of this exemplary long range operation the hybrid-electrical propulsion system has Zero Voltage (0V) -or in other words no hybrid-electrical propulsion systems is needed, as fuel savings appear without.
Revisitando o conceito de Desenvolvimento Econômico e a Escola de Pensamento do Desenvolvimentismo na Economia
Creators: name: Albertin de Moraes, Isaías
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Socio-economic development
Economic history
Economic development policy

description: This paper aims to revisit and systematize the concepts of Economic Development and Developmentalism. The hypothesis raised by the research is that due to the historical-social procedurality of Economic Sciences, the terms Economic Development and Developmentalism can be categorized differently by epistemological and didactic option nowadays. The article opted to perform a bibliographic study. The methodological procedures for selecting the references were bibliographic research focused on the authors with historical, concrete and inductive analysis of the economy and the phenomenon of economic development. The results obtained are that the terms Economic Development and Developmentalism can be categorized differently, one as a concept used by several schools of economic thought; other as a School of Economic Thought, which has four theoretical currents (Classical Developmentalism, Social Developmentalism, New Developmentalism, Socialist Market Developmentalism).
Quantum Portrait of a Black Hole with Pöschl-Teller Potential
Creators: name: Mück, Wolfgang
name: Pozzo, Giancarlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We improve upon the simple model studied by Casadio and Orlandi [JHEP 1308 (2013) 025] for a black hole as a condensate of gravitons. Instead of the harmonic oscillator potential, the Pöschl-Teller potential is used, which allows for a continuum of scattering states. The quantum mechanical model is embedded into a relativistic wave equation for a complex Klein-Gordon field, and the charge of the field is interpreted as the gravitational charge (mass) carried by the graviton condensate.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure, v2: typos corrected