cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Clinical Considerations for Preterm Infant Growth Curves Regarding Distributions and Race
Creators: name: Wotiz, Samantha
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2017

description: Clinicians use growth curves to assess infant health. Most children are measured on growth curves that contain percentiles for height, weight, and head circumference by sex. Preterm infants have their own growth curves. Infants who present with measurements below the 10th percentile are considered small-for-gestational age (SGA), and infants who present with measurements above the 90th percentile are considered large-for-gestational age (LGA). Growth curves and centiles can be generated using 3 and 4 parameter distribution models. To date, no studies have been published to investigate whether growth curves generated using a 3- or 4-parameter model differ significantly. Additionally, researchers have found mixed results when exploring the association between race and pregnancy/delivery. Black mothers may have greater risks and babies with lower weights than babies born to White mothers (Borrell, Rodriguez-Alvarez, Savitz, & Baquero, 2016), and growth curves that do not consider race may misclassify non-White babies (Buck-Louis et al., 2015). In this study, I had two specific aims: (1) to compare the preterm infant growth curves and centiles generated using 3 and 4 parameter methods (Lamba Mu Sigma [LMS] and Box-Cox Power Exponential [BCPE], respectively) and assess each model for adequate fit, and (2) to use percentile cut points from race-specific and non-race-specific LMS curves to classify babies in a validation dataset as SGA or LGA. Regarding the differences in curves generated from the LMS and BCPE distributions, the curves produced using the BCPE distribution had a lower GAIC in some cases but model fit criteria for the LMS curves were adequate. The simpler models generated by the LMS method were retained for birth length, head circumference, and weight by sex with an explanatory variable of gestational age. For aim 2, results indicated that race-specific curves classified babies within expected ranges. Non-race-specific curves overidentified Black babies as SGA and underidentified them as LGA. More research is required to test if this relationship persists for babies delivered at full term.
Predicting Alzheimer Disease Status Using High-Dimensional MRI Data Based on LASSO Constrained Generalized Linear Models
Creators: name: Salah, Zainab
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2017

description: Introduction: Alzheimer’s disease is an irreversible brain disorder characterized by distortion of memory and other mental functions. Although, several psychometric tests are available for diagnosis of Alzheimer’s, there is a great concern about the validity of these tests at recognizing the early onset of the disease. Currently, brain magnetic resonance imaging is not commonly utilized in the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s, because researchers are still puzzled by the association of brain regions with the disease status and its progress. Moreover, MRI data tend to be of high dimensional nature requiring advanced statistical methods to accurately analyze them. In the past decade, the application of Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) has become increasingly popular in the analysis of high dimensional data. With LASSO, only a small number of the regression coefficients are believed to have a non-zero value, and therefore allowed to enter the model; other coefficients are while others are shrunk to zero.
Aim: Determine the non-zero regression coefficients in models predicting patients’ classification (Normal, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or Alzheimer’s) using both non-ordinal and ordinal LASSO.
Methods: Pre-processed high dimensional MRI data of the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative was analyzed. Predictors of the following model were differentiated: Alzheimer’s vs. normal, Alzheimer’s vs. normal and MCI, Alzheimer’s and MCI vs. Normal. Cross-validation followed by ordinal LASSO was executed on these same sets of models.
Results: Results were inconclusive. Two brain regions, frontal lobe and putamen, appeared more frequently in the models than any other region. Non-ordinal multinomial models performed better than ordinal multinomial models with higher accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity rates. It was determined that majority of the models were best suited to predict MCI status than the other two statues.
Discussion: In future research, the other stages of the disease, different statistical analysis methods, such as elastic net, and larger samples sizes should be explored when using brain MRI for Alzheimer’s disease classification.
A Comparison of Parent and Child Mental Health Outcomes, Parenting Skills and Family Functioning of Adult Treatment Court and Family Treatment Court Participants
Creators: name: Malone, Carolyn
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2017

description: Background:  Parental substance use puts children at risk for poor outcomes. Estimates indicate that 66% of substantiated cases of maltreatment are of parents with substance use disorders (SUD). Some parents with SUD have the opportunity to be treated through two accountability courts including Drug Courts (DC) and family treatment courts (FTC). Purpose: Little is known about the children of parents who participate in treatment through DC’s via the criminal justice system. This study examined differences in parents and their children who receive treatment through FTC’s and DC’s with the notion that DC’s could serve as an important treatment venue for improving child outcomes, which is a major focus of FTCs. Methods: The data used for these analyses are the baseline data of a quasi-experimental study involving two DC’s and two FTC’s across Georgia. The intervention included the implementation of evidence-based parenting and trauma services at one drug court and at one family treatment court, while the other courts served as controls. At each court, participants, one other caregiver, and one child were invited to participate in the project by completing an annual assessment. This included computerized surveys and a videotaped play and talking activity with each adult with the child. Measures included demographics, parenting behaviors, mental health measures, social support, and child mental health measures. All data used in the analyses were collected at baseline and thus prior to intervention. Participants were 80 DC triads and 25 FTC triads (DCP, another caregiver, and child). Results: Compared to DC, FTC clients were more likely to be female (p = p = p =.014). They also had younger children (p = .05) and were more likely to have custody of those children (p =.0015). Parents in FTCs compared to those in DC reported greater social support (p =.05) and better family functioning (p =.03). Parents in DCs reported poorer parental involvement and poorer monitoring of children than FTCs, but no differences in positive parenting (p =.13), inconsistent discipline (p =.27), or child abuse potential (total risk > 9, p =.42; total risk >12, p =.37). Regarding mental health, DC clients reported a greater number of symptoms or poor mental health than FTC. No differences were found for education level (p =.96), parent-child communication skills (p =.38), post-traumatic stress symptom severity (p =.62), or child behavior problems. Conclusion: These data show some differences between FTC participants and DC participants that can affect child outcomes. FTC parents were more involved in their children’s lives and DC parents had greater mental health problems that could interfere with parenting. Interventions are needed, especially for DC client to strengthen the parent-child relationship and improve parenting outcomes.
Enhanced brainstem cerebral blood flow accompanies symptoms of anhedonia in young adults
Creators: name: Graur, Simona
name: Chase, Henry
name: Kim, Tae
name: Stiffler, Richelle
name: Tsafrir Greenberg
name: Aslam, Haris
name: Lockovich, Jeanette
name: Bebko, Genna
name: Phillips, Mary
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: Study: Midbrain serotonergic projections are of crucial theoretical significance for mood disorders. Furthermore, learned helplessness (LH) is associated with enhanced metabolic activity in rodent serotonergic midbrain models. However, little evidence supports serotonergic projections in predicting illness severity. We employed arterial spin labeling (ASL) to measure whole brain cerebral blood flow (CBF) in distressed and healthy individuals varying in anxiety and anhedonia.

Methods: 36 distressed (27 females; mean age=22.2, SD=2.1) and 34 healthy (19 females; mean age=21.5, SD=1.8) individuals underwent a resting acquisition. Blood flow was measured using a multiband pseudo continuous ASL sequence. Regional cerebral perfusion data was collected with 25 slices, multiband factor=5, 4mm slick thickness, FA=90, 64x64 resolution, FOV=192x912, TR/TE=3.5s/19ms, labeling time=1.5s and postlabeling delay=1.7s. Anhedonia was measured using the Mood and Anxiety Symptom Questionnaire Anhedonic Depression Scale (MASQ-ADS), with the Snaith–Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS) as a secondary measure. Anxiety was measured using the MASQ General Distress Anxious Symptoms Scale. Anhedonia, anxiety and group were included in the regression model.

Results: Anhedonia (MASQ-ADS) was associated with increased CBF in the midbrain (T=5.24, p_FWE=0.033), proximal to putative locations of the dorsal/median raphe nuclei (-12, -34, -26). Similar, although weaker, findings were observed with the SHAPS.

Conclusion: Anhedonia is associated with altered CBF in the midbrain in a young adult population showing heterogeneous symptoms of distress.

Significance: ASL may provide a particularly promising tool to examine enhanced local perfusion, potentially reflecting underlying midbrain serotonergic activity, which is predicted on the basis of LH studies in rodents but has thus far been difficult to investigate in humans.
title: Advocating a policy push towards inclusive and secure "Digital-First" societies
Creators: name: Das Chowdhury, Partha
name: Renaud, Karen
Publisher: name: Strathprints - University of Strathclyde
Year: 2024

description: Policy pushes are essential in furthering moral needs; this also applies to inclusive security & privacy. Sen's Capability Approach is ideally placed to frame inclusive cybersecurity policies to facilitate an equitable and secure digital-first society. This enables security and privacy poverty elicitation and establishment of secure & inclusive developer guidelines.
Spatiotemporal Analysis of Escherichia coli along metro-Atlanta Surface Waters
Creators: name: Orquiola, Diana
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2017

description: Introduction: The Chattahoochee River and its lakes and tributaries are essential resources for metro-Atlanta; however, urbanization and other human impacts near these resources affects the quality of water. The objectives of this study are to describe the spatial and temporal patterns of Escherichia coli (E. coli), and examine the relationship between rainfall and E. coli levels in metro-Atlanta surface waters, including the Chattahoochee River and its lakes and tributaries.
 Methods: The water quality data used for the study was originally collected and analyzed by the Chattahoochee Riverkeeper (CRK) Neighborhood Water Watch (NWW) program. For this analysis, sites with a total of 50 samples or more were subjected to descriptive analysis.
 Results: Twenty-seven of the 36 sites had a mean E. coli concentration exceeding the US EPA’s recreational water quality criteria of 2.37 log Most Probable Number per 100 milliliters. Sites with the highest and lowest mean E. coli levels were located, on average, 2.77 and 20.22 miles from downtown Atlanta, respectively. Spikes in E. coli levels occurred 99 counts of 699 sampling events in the winter, 168/827 spring, 141/877 summer, and 170/950 fall. Seven of the 36 sites were analyzed to examine the relationship between 48-hour rainfall and E. coli levels. Four sites indicated that there was a significant positive correlation between the two variables. (r=0.52, p<.0001; r=0.67, p<.0001; r=0.39, p<.0001; r=0.38, p<.0001)
Discussion: The water quality in waterways closer to downtown may be attributable to combined sewer overflows and the urbanization and land use associated with the city. Overall, there was temporal variation in E. coli concentrations, however there was no distinct seasonal pattern. The relationship between 48-hour rainfall and E. coli levels of four of the seven sites analyzed was consistent with other studies.
The Association between History of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Current Type 2 Diabetes Status: An Examination of NHANES Data 2011-2014
Creators: name: Tran, Linda
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2018

description: Background: Diabetes is a growing chronic disease that affects more than 29 million adults in the United States and 422 million adults globally. Women with a history of gestational diabetes (GDM) are identified to be at higher risk for developing subsequent type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The prevalence of GDM varies based on the data collection method, response rate, and diagnostic criteria. The aim of this study is to examine the association between history of GDM diagnosis and current T2DM status and how the relationship differs based on the participant’s age, race, and BMI. 
Methods: Data from the 2011-2012 and 2013-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) were analyzed to conduct a cross-sectional study of 4,006 U.S. non-pregnant women ages 20 years and older with a history of prior pregnancy. The race/ethnicity of the participants include non-Hispanic Whites, non-Hispanic Blacks, Mexican Americans, non-Hispanic Asians, and "Other" variables. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine the association between history of GDM and current T2DM status stratified by age, race, and BMI.
Results: Three hundred and fifteen subjects from a sample size of 4006 were found to have a history of GDM. Of the 315 participants with GDM, 111 (35.2%) were found to develop T2DM. After controlling for age, race, and body mass index (BMI), women with a history of GDM were found to be at greater odds of T2DM (OR=4.71; 95% CI: 3.52-6.28) compared to women without a history of GDM. A multivariate analysis was performed adjusting for other covariates such as age, race, BMI, and cholesterol. When stratified by participant age, women between the ages of 20-44 years with a history of GDM were linked with an increased risk of T2DM (OR= 3.02; 95% CI: 1.88-4.85). Overweight and obese women with a history of GDM have a 2.5-fold risk of developing T2DM (OR=2.51; 95% CI: 1.49-4.23).
Discussion: This study provides further understanding and awareness on the role of GDM during the subsequent risk for T2DM. Our study shows women between the ages of 20 and 44 years and with elevated BMIs (25 ? kg/m2) are at increased risk of developing subsequent T2DM. Findings suggest the need for health promotion and prevention efforts towards the populations at risk. Early intervention post-pregnancy and education may help prevent women with a history of GDM from developing T2DM.
Management techniques in learning history for social studies teachers in the 21st century
Creators: name: Phinla, Wipada
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 390102
subject: Curriculum and pedagogy theory and development

description: Progress in science and technology of global society these days enables humans to have easy and quick access to information occurring in this borderless world. There is a need in the modification of education to keep up with political, economic and social changes so that students can become good citizens and live happily with others. This forces social studies teachers to develop their learning processes in a regular basis using the lessons from the past as a case study in order to make learning atmosphere enjoyable and challenging. Learners are encouraged to appreciate their cultural roots, see their own values including those of others in order to live in the society of diversity so that they can be instilled with patriotism, retain their ancestral heritage, become good citizens and fully aware of Thai nationhood. Students are taught to be proud of being Thai as a sustained concept.
Factors Associated with E-cigarette Use: Analysis of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study
Creators: name: Zhang, Nannan
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2018

description: INTRODUCTION: Smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States and has been shown to be harmful to human health. Among alternative tobacco products, e-cigarettes have been widely regarded as the safest substitute to the traditional cigarette. However, debate remains about their safety and possible ill effects.
AIM: The purpose of this study was to assess characteristics associated with e-cigarette use (everyday/some days/no use) and examine factors related to former smokers replacing a traditional smoking habit with e-cigarette use (yes/no).
METHODS: A secondary data analysis was conducted with the Public Use Files (PUFs) for the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study, a nationally representative, longitudinal cohort study of tobacco use. Bivariate and multivariable unweighted and weighted generalized linear models were developed for value and comparative purposes, as well as multilevel models to account for within geographical region clustering. Ordinal logistic regression was used to analyze the ordinal e-cigarette use outcome, and logistic regression with the e-cigarette smoking status of former smokers outcome.
RESULTS: Covariates associated with e-cigarette use included having rules that allowed smoking non-combustible tobacco inside the home (everyday vs no use: OR = 0.33, CI = 0.27-0.41; somedays vs no use: OR = 0.58, CI = 0.53-0.64), older than 35 years old (everyday vs no use: OR = 0.63, CI = 0.52-0.75; somedays vs no use: OR = 0.86, CI = 0.76-0.96), and positive or neutral self-opinion on tobacco (everyday vs no use: OR = 0.88, CI = 0.73-1.05; somedays vs no use: OR = 1.38, CI = 1.22-1.55). Factors related to e-cigarette use in former smokers included rules allowing non-combustible tobacco products inside the home (Weighted: OR = 0.19, CI = 0.15-0.24; Unweighted: OR = 0.15, CI = 0.12-0.19; Mixed: OR = 0.19, CI = 0.15-0.24), aged 18-35 years (Weighted: OR = 1.45, CI = 1.16-1.80; Unweighted: OR = 2.91, CI = 2.27-3.72; Mixed: OR = 1.45, CI = 1.16-1.80), and not having any health insurance (Weighted: OR = 0.57, CI = 0.44-0.75; Unweighted: OR = 0.47, CI = 0.34-0.64; Mixed: OR = 0.57, CI = 0.44-0.75).
DISCUSSION: Family tolerance of smoking and one’s self-opinion on tobacco were factors found to be strongly associated with e-cigarette use. The prevalence of e-cigarette use among young adults raises concerns and necessitates a multi-disciplinary approach to monitor and intervene. Further study is needed to better understand e-cigarette smoking consumption behavior and effects.
Evaluating the relationship between ceramides and depressive symptoms in Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) patients
Creators: name: Dinoff, Adam
name: Mahwesh Saleem
name: Herrmann, Nathan
name: Maisha Khan
name: Haughey, Norman
name: Oh, Paul I.
name: Mielke, Michelle
name: Lanctôt, Krista L.
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: This poster presents data from an observational study assessing the relationship between plasma concentrations of multiple different ceramide species and depressive symptom severity in individuals with coronary artery disease.
Supplementary document for Tailoring permittivity using metasurface: a facile way to enhance extreme-angle transmissions for both TE- and TM-polarizations - 5952809.pdf
Creators: name: chu, zuntian
name: Li, Tiefu
name: Wang, Jiafu
name: JIANG, JINMING
name: Zhu, Ruichao
name: Heng, Gui
name: Qu, Shaobo
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplement 1
Formal foundations of the Great Deceleration theory
Creators: name: Zabelina, Anna Aleksandrovna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Physics
subject: Physics
subject: Mathematical physics
subject: Physics/methods
subject: Physics/standards
subject: Particle physics
subject: Quantum physics
subject: Physics/education
subject: Theoretical physics

description: A giant step towards creating a theory of everything
Relationship between Self- Report and Observed Parenting among Parents in Coerced and Non Coerced Population
Creators: name: Zahidi, Rabab
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2018

description: Background: Most common forms of child maltreatment are neglect and physical abuse. In coerced populations, children are at risk of child maltreatment leading to a variety of negative outcomes including social, emotional and behavioral problems. Interventions for coerced populations are provided and focused on parenting programs. Ultimately, these interventions can help improve parenting behaviors and benefit children. Interventions for parents must be evaluated using standardized assessment tools, and thus one important question that arises is how best to assess parenting. Observational methods (observing a parent and child interact) are often regarded as the gold standard in the assessment of parental behaviors, but are cumbersome to administer. Self-reports of parenting behaviors are the most commonly used measure due to ease of administration, but their validity may be questioned, especially among populations such as parents with substance use disorder who may be coerced into treatment by the child welfare or criminal justice system. The goal of this study is to examine the relationship between two observational measures of parenting and several self-report measures.
Methods: Participants (n=133) were either parents who were receiving treatment at metro-Atlanta drug courts or other caregivers. All completed self-report measures of parenting, completed a videotaped interaction task with a child. Self-report measures collected include the Parent-Child Communication Scales and the Alabama Parenting Scale. The observational task included a play activity, structured discussions, or both, depending on the age of the child. Videos were coded for a variety of behaviors, and two of those behaviors (affection/warmth and involvement) matched constructs that parents reported on in a self-report battery.
Results: Correlations between self- report and observational measures for the constructs affection and involvement for the whole sample ranged from r = -.03 to.06 for affection, and r = -.05 to .08 for involvement, but none were statistically significant. Relationship between self-report and observed parenting by adult type and child age were also examined, however none of the correlations were statistically significant.
Conclusion: Although there were no significant correlations found between self-report and observational measures, it does not undermine the importance of the study question, as current research suggests that self-reports are not interchangeable with observational methods. Future directions of the research would be to examine CAIC (observational tool) in more detail. Also when comparing constructs in self-reports and observational methods, items should be associated according to concept targeted rather than using the generalized subscales.
The Association between Maternal HIV Status and Low Birth Weight Offspring, Malawi DHS 2010
Creators: name: Msamila, Sterner
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2018

description: INTRODUCTION: Low birth weight (LBW) is a public health problem in developing countries including Malawi. It is an intermediate endpoint of maternal lifestyles and health status, and a powerful predictor of newborn’s survival. Over 30 risk factors have been associated with LBW, but the role of maternal HIV infection as an underlying factor for LBW is not yet well established. Understanding whether or not maternal HIV status is a risk factor for LBW is key in the prevention of LBW and its life time health effects.
AIM: The purpose of this study was to examine the association between maternal HIV status and LBW in Malawi using DHS 2010 data.
METHODS: This study analyzed 7716 mother-child pairs from the 2010 Malawi Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data using SAS 9.4 program. Student’s t-test and Chi-square test were applied, for continuous and categorical variables respectively, to compare maternal and child characteristics by HIV status and LBW status separately. Bivariate logistic regression was performed and crude odds ratios were determined to ascertain the relative measure of effect of maternal and fetal characteristics on outcome variable (LBW). Then, multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the association between maternal HIV infection and LBW adjusting for covariates. Statistical assessment of interaction between HIV infection and covariates on LBW was made. A p-value of.05 or 95% confidence intervals were used to determine statistical significance throughout all the analyses performed.
RESULTS: The proportion of LBW infants was 9.45% in total, with 13.60% among HIV positive women and 9.26% among HIV negative women (p 0.0337). A multivariable logistic regression model showed that HIV positive mother was 77% more likely [odds ratio (OR) 1.77, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.17-2.67] than HIV negative mother to give birth to LBW infant. The odds of LBW also increased among teenage women (OR = 1.86; 95% CI = 1.47, 2.35), women without education (OR = 1.66; 95% CI = 1.13, 2.43), low income (OR = 1.37; 95% CI = 1.05, 1.78), and Chewa ethnicity (OR = 1.92; 95% CI = 1.39, 2.66). However, LBW was not associated with child sex, marital status, or prenatal care. Though not statistically significant, the association between HIV infection and LBW was modified by increase in age, unmarried marital status, and inadequate prenatal care.
DISCUSSION: These findings are consistent with other previous studies that showed that maternal HIV status is a significant risk factor for LBW.
CONCLUSION: The study has substantiated the need to recognize HIV-positive pregnant mothers as high risk obstetric patients who need extra support and care during pregnancy and delivery, and the need to intervene with supplemental nutritional interventions during antenatal clinics and strengthen HIV prevention among women of child bearing age to reduce LBW infants.
Mapping 22q11.2 gene dosage effects on brain morphometry
Creators: name: Lin, Amy
name: Vajdi, Ariana
name: Sun, Frank
name: Jonas, Rachel
name: Ching, Chris
name: Jalbrzikowski, Maria
name: Kushan-Wells, Leila
name: Pachecho, Laura
name: Kriokorian, Emma
name: Bearden, Carrie
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: We present findings of the first study to investigate effects of reciprocal imbalances in the 22q11.2 locus on structural neuroanatomy. These results offer new evidence that 22q11 is a genomic region associated with mirrored anatomic phenotypes:  As 22q11.2 gene dosage increases, lateral and medial ROIs for volume and surface area increase, but thickness and posterior corpus callosum volume decrease. Effects of greatest magnitude for duplication were on surface area, suggesting mechanisms involved in early stages of brain development.
Maternal Preconception Health and Neighborhood Factors in Relation to Preterm Birth in Georgia, 2012-2014
Creators: name: Livings, Michelle
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2017

description: BACKGROUND: Relationships between maternal preconception health and preterm birth have been demonstrated in the literature, as have relationships between neighborhood factors and maternal preconception health. Determining how maternal preconception health and neighborhood factors simultaneously contribute to preterm birth will help researchers and clinicians better understand the complex risk factors of preterm birth.
METHODS: Data were collected during 2012-2014 in the Georgia Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System. Data were geocoded to American Community Survey 2011-2015 5-year estimates (n=3085). Descriptive statistics were calculated. Effects of maternal preconception health and neighborhood factors on preterm birth were analyzed using hierarchical generalized linear modeling (SAS PROC GLIMMIX).
RESULTS: From 2012-2014, about 9.38% of Georgia moms gave birth to a preterm infant. Considering cross-level interactions, for women who reported recently dieting and who lived in census tracts with 1.00% more crowded households than average, the estimated odds of preterm birth were 0.83 times the estimated odds for the average interaction (95% CI 0.81-0.85). For women with a pre-pregnancy chronic disease who lived in rural counties, the estimated odds of preterm birth were 1.35 times the estimated odds for the average interaction (95% CI 1.17-1.57).
CONCLUSIONS: Maternal preconception health and neighborhood factors were simultaneously significantly associated with preterm birth, demonstrating the complexity of risk factors associated with preterm birth. Programs to promote healthy weight management and exercise before pregnancy and to encourage physicians to work in rural counties could improve maternal preconception health and decrease preterm births.
The Association of Religious Affiliation and Pyschosocial/Family Dynamics with Selected Risky Behaviors Among At-risk Youth Living in the Slums of Kampala, Uganda: Findings from the Kampala Youth Survey, 2014
Creators: name: Franklin, Kimberly
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2018

description: Introduction: Youth living in the slums of Kampala, Uganda are at an increased risk for engaging in alcohol use and risky sexual behaviors. Little is known about the association between religious affiliation and risky behaviors in this population.  The purpose of this study was to examine the association between religious affiliation, risk factors, and protective factors for engaging in risky behaviors among vulnerable youth living in the slums of Kampala, Uganda.

Methods:
Analyses are based on a cross-sectional study of youth (n=1,143) between the ages of 12 and 18 years of age, living in the slums of Kampala, conducted in 2014. Risky behaviors were defined as binge drinking, inconsistent condom use, and engaging in sexual intercourse with high numbers of sexual partners.  Crude and adjusted multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine factors associated with binge drinking, inconsistent condom use, and high numbers of sexual partners.
Results:
Engaging in binge drinking was associated with ever being homeless (AOR 9.5; 95% CI: 5.74, 15.75) and parental alcohol abuse (AOR 5.55; 95% CI: 3.39, 9.07).  Youth identifying as Muslim were less likely to engage in binge drinking (AOR 0.49; 95% CI: 0.24, 0.97).  Sexual intercourse with more than five sexual partners was associated with ever being homeless (AOR 6.39; 95% CI: 3.61, 11.31), parental domestic violence (AOR 1.83; 95% CI: 1.03, 3.25), and parental alcohol abuse (AOR 3.16; 95% CI: 1.81, 5.51).  Inconsistent condom use was associated with ever being homeless (AOR 2.87; 95% CI 1.88, 4.38) and parental alcohol abuse (AOR 2.66; 95% CI 1.84, 3.82).
Discussion:
The reported prevalence of engaging in risky behaviors among at-risk youth within the slums of Kampala is associated with ever being homeless and parental alcohol abuse.  Engaging in binge drinking was less likely among youth identifying as Muslim.
Assessment of algorithms for identifying patients with triple-class refractory multiple myeloma using real-world data
Creators: name: Sinyavskaya, Liliya
name: Meche, Aster
name: Faucher, Ariane
name: Hlavacek, Patrick
name: Johnson, Sarasa M. A.
name: DiBonaventura, Marco
name: Vekeman, Francis
name: Ren, Jinma
name: Schepart, Alex
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Objective: Patients with triple-class refractory (TCR) multiple myeloma (MM) have limited treatment options and poor prognoses. This high unmet need has prompted the development of new therapies allowing for improved outcomes for these patients. Recently, new targeted therapies for the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory MM have been approved based on single-arm clinical trial results. Real-world (RW) data enable a better understanding of the effectiveness of new therapies in clinical practice and provide external controls for single-arm studies. However, using RW data to identify patients with TCR MM is challenging and subject to limitations. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study of an analysis of the COTA electronic health record (EHR) database, we used four algorithms to define refractory status and created four groups of patients with TCR MM initiating post-TCR therapy. Each algorithm relied on slightly different criteria to identify TCR patients, but all were based on the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG)-derived and/or healthcare provider (HCP)-reported progressions within the database. Results: A total of 3815 patients with newly diagnosed MM met the eligibility criteria for this study. The choice of the algorithm did not impact the characteristics of identified patients with TCR MM (Algorithm 1 [n = 404], Algorithm 2 [n = 123], Algorithm 3 [n = 404], and Algorithm 4 [n = 375]), including their demographic and disease characteristics, MM treatment history, or treatment patterns received after becoming TCR. However, identifying TCR MM using a combination of IMWG-derived and HCP-reported progressions allowed up to a 70% increase in the size of the identified group of patients compared with using only IMWG-derived progressions. Conclusion: In RW settings, progressions from both IMWG-derived data and physician reports may be used to identify patients with TCR MM.
Relationship Between F2 – Isoprostanes and Adult Metabolically Healthy Obesity
Creators: name: Piccoli, Tatiana
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2018

description: Introduction: Obesity-related morbidity continues to increase worldwide. Obesity is one of the primary conditions for the development of metabolic syndrome which is characterized by a combination of different components, including metabolic, physiological, and biochemical factors that influence the development of cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus type two and contribute to all-cause mortality. The development of metabolic abnormalities is related to oxidative stress which increases among obese individuals. The obese population is not homogenous and represented by individuals with altered and with a normal metabolic profile, those with the normal metabolic profile are recognized as Metabolically Healthy Obese (MHO). The lipid peroxidation is the main hallmark of oxidative stress and this process can be evaluated via the measurement of the end products such as F2 -Isoprostanes.
Aim: The goal of this study was to investigate the relationship between metabolically healthy and unhealthy obesity with markers of oxidative stress (urinary F2 -Isoprostanes) and assess whether free radical-induced oxidative stress influences transition from metabolically healthy to the metabolically unhealthy group. Metabolic health was defined as blood pressure below 130/85 mmHg, fasting blood glucose level as below 126 mg/dl and HDL-cholesterol above 40 mg/dl for males and above 50 mg/dl for females.
Method: The cohort of 857 participants included Hispanic, non-Hispanic black, and non-Hispanic white from 40 to 69 years of age and had an obesity prevalence of 29% (n=244) at baseline. Among this group, 11.07% (n=27) were metabolically healthy and 88.93% (n=217) were metabolically unhealthy based on criteria for MHO. Among the MHO group, after 5-year follow-up, 37% remained metabolically stable and 63% developed metabolic abnormalities and among the MUO group, 5.6% became metabolically healthy and 94.4% remained metabolically unhealthy. The association between different types of metabolic health and F2 -Isoprostanes species was measured using Wilcoxon rank-sum test.
Result: The MUO status had a direct association with greater weight, Hispanic ethnicity, impaired glucose tolerance, decreased insulin sensitivity, and decreased fasting insulin level. No association was found between metabolic health status and levels of F2 -Isoprostanes at baseline and follow-up.
Conclusion: The result suggests that elevated levels of F2 -Isoprostanes do not promote the transformation of metabolically healthy obesity into metabolically unhealthy obesity.
Keywords: Obesity, metabolic health, metabolically healthy obesity, oxidative stress, F2 -Isoprostanes
Supplementary document for Tailoring permittivity using metasurface: a facile way to enhance extreme-angle transmissions for both TE- and TM-polarizations - 5952809.pdf
Creators: name: chu, zuntian
name: Li, Tiefu
name: Wang, Jiafu
name: JIANG, JINMING
name: Zhu, Ruichao
name: Heng, Gui
name: Qu, Shaobo
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplement 1
Paliperidone Palmitate 3-month versus 1-month formulation in patients with Schizophrenia: a randomized, double-blind, noninferiority study
Creators: name: Savitz, Adam
name: Haiyan Xu
name: Srihari Gopal
name: Nuamah, Isaac
name: Ravenstijn, Paulien
name: Janik, Adam
name: Schotte, Alain
name: Hough, David
name: Fleischhacker, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: Background: This double-blind (DB), parallel-group, multicenter, phase-3 study was designed to test the noninferiority of paliperidone palmitate 3-month formulation (PP3M) to the currently marketed one-month formulation (PP1M) in patients (age 18-70 years) with schizophrenia, previously stabilized on PP1M.

Conclusion: PP3M demonstrated similar efficacy (noninferior) and tolerability profile to PP1M in patients with schizophrenia previously stabilized on PP1M and is thus a unique option for relapse prevention in schizophrenia.
Challenges in implementing the BASHH guidelines (2015) for the appropriate use of post-exposure prophylaxis for HIV following sexual exposure
Creators: name: Khattak, Mohammad Fawad
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: The use of post exposure prophylaxis for HIV following sexual exposure (PEPSE) was retrospectively audited in an inner city genitourinary clinic against the 2015 national guidelines by the British Association for Sexual Health and HIV (BASHH). 100 out of a total of 101 patients (99%) had a baseline HIV test done. 82.1% (n=83) of patients were given PEPSE prescriptions fitting within recommended indications lower than the 90% target set by BASHH. 84.2% (n=85) of patients had PEPSE administered within 72 hours lower than the 90%. 61.4% (n=62) of patients were known to have completed four weeks of PEPSE lower than the 75% target. 61.4% (n=62) of patients were screened for sexually transmitted infections (STI’s) lower than the 90% target. 59.4% (n=60%) of patients had post-PEPSE HIV bloods slightly lower than the 60% target.
Foundation for an Upcoming Study on Risk Perception and Proper Personal Protective Equipment Use of GSU Laboratory Workers
Creators: name: Jordan, Jacquan
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2018

description: INTRODUCTION: There have been 1,141 laboratory acquired infections between the period of 1979-2005 according to the American Biological Safety Association. This substantial number of infections represents a risk for laboratory workers. These laboratory infections are not frequent in all laboratories and it has been concluded that “human errors represent a very high percentage of the cases.” (Wurtz et al, 2016) The research shows that this human error is a result of flawed risk perception and poor biosafety habits.

AIM: The aim of this thesis is to build a constructive foundation for a future study on risk perception and biosafety habits of GSU laboratory workers. This thesis will accomplish this goal by conducting a literature review on factors that contribute to biosafety habits and risk perception, editing of the survey tool, and pilot interviews using the completed survey tool.

METHODS: This thesis contains a narrative literature review of research during 1995 to the present conducted on biosafety training, biosafety habits (including personal protective equipment use), and laboratory acquired infections. This literature explains the factors that contribute to worker’s risk perception and improper use of personal protective equipment. The results of the literature review were utilized to create a survey tool for the upcoming research. Finally, this survey tool was pilot tested with two researchers at the university.

RESULTS: The literature review conducted for this thesis highlighted the lack of consistency of biosafety habits, risk perception, and training in biosafety laboratory workers. Additionally, the findings of the literature suggest that laboratory acquired infections represent a real risk for workers who have poor biosafety habits. Thus, the literature suggests that a future study on the PPE use and risk perception of GSU laboratory workers is essential. The results of editing the survey tool and the pilot interview will help facilitate this future study.

DISCUSSION: Laboratory acquired infections represent a real risk for laboratory workers who do not follow proper biosafety habits, do not receive the proper biosafety training, or have poor judgement on risk perception. It is necessary to understand the PPE use of GSU laboratory workers to ensure that there is not a higher risk of laboratory acquired infections. Thus, the future study conducted by Dr. Lisa Casanova, with this thesis as a foundation, will be critical in investigating the current practices of GSU laboratory workers and their potential risk.
Treatment patterns and outcomes among adults with immune thrombocytopenia receiving pharmaceutical second-line therapies: a retrospective cohort study using administrative claims data
Creators: name: Liang, Yi
name: Rascati, Karen
name: Barner, Jamie C.
name: Lawson, Kenneth A.
name: Nair, Radhika
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: To describe and compare real-world treatment patterns and clinical outcomes among individuals with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) receiving second-line therapies (rituximab, romiplostim, or eltrombopag). A retrospective cohort study was conducted using a large administrative claims database (January 2013–May 2020) among continuously enrolled patients ≥18 years prescribed second-line ITP therapies. The index date was the date of the first claim of the study medications. Treatment patterns and outcomes were measured during the 12-month follow-up period. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was used to balance covariates across treatment groups. Multivariable logistic regression was used to compare treatment patterns and bleeding risk outcomes. A total of 695 patients were included (rituximab, N = 285; romiplostim, N = 212; eltrombopag, N = 198). After IPTW, all baseline covariates were balanced. Compared to eltrombopag, patients in the rituximab cohort were 57% more likely to receive other ITP therapies (systematic corticosteroids or third-line therapies) during the follow-up period (odds ratio [OR] = 1.571, p = .030). There was no significant difference in the odds of receiving a different second-line therapy or experiencing a bleeding-related episode among three groups (p > .050). Patients in the romiplostim cohort were 69% more likely to receive rescue therapy compared to those in the rituximab cohort (OR = 1.688, p = .025). Patients with ITP receiving rituximab were more likely to need other ITP therapies but did not experience higher risk of bleeding compared to those receiving eltrombopag or romiplostim. Benefits, risks, cost-effectiveness, and patient preference should all be considered in optimizing second-line therapy for ITP.
Desenvolvimento das especialidades em Enfermagem no Brasil: Pressupostos para um estudo demográfico
Creators: name: Angeli-Silva, Livia
name: Santos, Handerson Silva
name: Melaragno, Ana Lygia Pires
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: A força de trabalho especializada em enfermagem surge como demanda do campo da saúde pública no Brasil desde a primeira metade do século XX. Mas esse nível de formação ainda enfrenta, atualmente, desafios no âmbito de sua regulamentação. Além disso, o campo da enfermagem ainda enfrenta contradições em relação à conformação das suas áreas especializadas, que repercutem diretamente no registro de dados sobre elas. Isso faz com que a iniciativa de um estudo demográfico se depare com a contradição entre o que é preciso saber sobre a força de trabalho especializada no Brasil e o que é possível produzir diante dos dados disponíveis. Portanto, essa nota técnica tem como objetivo discutir as limitações atuais para análise demográfica das(os) especialistas no campo da enfermagem, explicitar as estratégias metodológicas usadas na pesquisa atual e apontar caminhos para o aperfeiçoamento da produção de dados para investigações futuras. Para esse estudo, realizou-se uma análise qualitativa sobre a constituição das especialidades em enfermagem no Brasil, com readequação das questões de pesquisa aos dados disponíveis e, diante da ausência de informações sobre locais de atuação das(os) especialistas, adotou-se como estratégia a análise de distribuição de especialistas no país a partir dos dados de egressos dos cursos de especialização. Foi necessária uma análise dos cursos existentes nas áreas especializadas, feita sua correlação com as áreas definidas pelo Conselho Federal de Enfermagem e entidades de especialistas em enfermagem. Diante das incongruências e lacunas encontradas, foram definidas categorias para a análise dos dados encontrados. Por fim apresenta-se apontamentos e recomendações para o aperfeiçoamento do processo de regulação da formação e do exercício profissional, de modo que ambos possam estar imbricados e se retroalimentem.