cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Triggered/sequential star formation? A multi-phase ISM study around the prominent IRDC G18.93-0.03
Creators: name: Tackenberg, J.
name: Beuther, H.
name: Plume, R.
name: Henning, T.
name: Stil, J.
name: Walmsley, M.
name: Schuller, F.
name: Schmiedeke, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: G18.93-0.03 is a prominent dust complex within an 0.8deg long filament, with the molecular clump G18.93/m being IR dark from near IR wavelength up to 160mu. Spitzer composite images show an IR bubble spatially associated with G18.93. We use GRS 13CO and IRAM 30m H13CO+ data to disentangle the spatial structure of the region. From ATLASGAL submm data we calculate the gas mass, while we use the H13CO+ line width to estimate its virial mass. Using HERSCHEL data we produce temperature maps from fitting the SED. With the MAGPIS 20cm and SuperCOSMOS Halpha data we trace the ionized gas, and the VGPS HI survey provides information on the atomic hydrogen gas. We show that the bubble is spatially associated with G18.93, located at a kinematic near distance of 3.6kpc. With 280Msun, the most massive clump within G18.93 is G18.93/m. The virial analysis shows that it may be gravitationally bound and has neither Spitzer young stellar objects nor mid-IR point sources within. Fitting the SED reveals a temperature distribution that decreases towards its center, but heating from the ionizing source puts it above the general ISM temperature. We find that the bubble is filled by HII gas, ionized by an O8.5 star. Between the ionizing source and the IR dark clump G18.93/m we find a layered structure, from ionized to atomic to molecular hydrogen, revealing a PDR. Furthermore, we identify an additional velocity component within the bubble's 8mu emission rim at the edge of the infrared dark cloud and speculate that it might be shock induced by the expanding HII region. While the elevated temperature allows for the build-up of larger fragments, and the shock induced velocity component may lead to additional turbulent support, we do not find conclusive evidence that the massive clump G18.93/m is prone to collapse because of the expanding HII region.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
The stochastic background: scaling laws and time to detection for pulsar timing arrays
Creators: name: Siemens, Xavier
name: Ellis, Justin
name: Jenet, Fredrick
name: Romano, Joseph D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive scaling laws for the signal-to-noise ratio of the optimal cross-correlation statistic, and show that the large power-law increase of the signal-to-noise ratio as a function of the the observation time $T$ that is usually assumed holds only at early times. After enough time has elapsed, pulsar timing arrays enter a new regime where the signal to noise only scales as $\sqrt{T}$. In addition, in this regime the quality of the pulsar timing data and the cadence become relatively un-important. This occurs because the lowest frequencies of the pulsar timing residuals become gravitational-wave dominated. Pulsar timing arrays enter this regime more quickly than one might naively suspect. For T=10 yr observations and typical stochastic background amplitudes, pulsars with residual RMSs of less than about $1\,μ$s are already in that regime. The best strategy to increase the detectability of the background in this regime is to increase the number of pulsars in the array. We also perform realistic simulations of the NANOGrav pulsar timing array, which through an aggressive pulsar survey campaign adds new millisecond pulsars regularly to its array, and show that a detection is possible within a decade, and could occur as early as 2016.
description: Submitted to Classical and Quantum Gravity for Focus Issue on Pulsar Timing Arrays. 15 pages, 5 figures
Interne Dynamik und Wechselwirkungen mit externen Feldern : rotationsspektroskopische und gruppentheoretische Untersuchungen
Creators: name: Schnell, Melanie
Publisher: name: Hannover : Universität
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Corannulene
subject: Gruppentheorie
subject: Innere Rotation
subject: Siliciumorganische Verbindungen
subject: Stark-Effekt
subject: Trimethylzinnverbindungen
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: [no abstract]
COW test of the weak equivalence principle: A low-energy window to look into the noncommutative structure of space-time?
Creators: name: Saha, Anirban
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct the quantum mechanical model of the COW experiment assuming that the underlying space time has a granular structure, described by a canonical noncommutative algebra of coordinates $x^μ$. The time-space sector of the algebra is shown to add a mass-dependent contribution to the gravitational acceleration felt by neutron deBrogli waves measured in a COW experiment. This makes time-space noncommutativity a potential candidate for an apparent violation of WEP even if the ratio of the inertial mass $m_{i}$ and gravitational mass $m_{g}$ is a universal constant. The latest experimental result based on COW principle is shown to place an upper-bound several orders of magnitude stronger than the existing one on the time-space noncommutative parameter. We argue that the evidence of NC structure of space-time may be found if the COW-type experiment can be repeated with several particle species.
description: 4 pages, revTex
Real-time wavefront-shaping through scattering media by all optical feedback
Creators: name: Nixon, Micha
name: Katz, Ori
name: Small, Eran
name: Bromberg, Yaron
name: Friesem, Asher A.
name: Silberberg, Yaron
name: Davidson, Nir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Focusing light through dynamically varying heterogeneous media is a sought-after goal with important applications ranging from free-space communication to nano-surgery. The underlying challenge is to control the optical wavefront with a large number of degrees-of-freedom (DOF) at timescales shorter than the medium dynamics. Recently, many advancements have been reported following the demonstration of focusing through turbid samples by wavefront-shaping, using spatial light modulators (SLMs) having >1000 DOF. Unfortunately, SLM-based wavefront-shaping requires feedback from a detector/camera and is limited to slowly-varying samples. Here, we demonstrate a novel approach for wavefront-shaping using all-optical feedback. We show that the complex wavefront required to focus through highly scattering samples, including thin biological tissues, can be generated at sub-microsecond timescales by the process of field self-organization inside a multimode laser cavity, without requiring electronic feedback or SLMs. This wavefront-shaping mechanism is more than five orders of magnitude faster than state-of-the-art, reaching the timescales required in many applications.
DAPHNE4NFDI - Consortium Proposal
Creators: name: Barty, Anton
name: Gutt, Christian
name: Lohstroh, Wiebke
name: Murphy, Bridget
name: Schneidewind, Astrid
name: Grunwaldt, Jan-Dierk
name: Schreiber, Frank
name: Busch, Sebastian
name: Unruh, Tobias
name: Bussmann, Michael
name: Fangohr, Hans
name: Görzig, Heike
name: Houben, Andreas
name: Kluge, Thomas
name: Manke, Ingo
name: Lützenkirchen-Hecht, Dirk
name: Schneider, Thomas R.
name: Weber, Frank
name: Bruno, Giovanni
name: Einsle, Oliver
name: Felder, Christian
name: Herzig, Eva M.
name: Konrad, Uwe
name: Markötter, Henning
name: Rossnagel, Kai
name: Sheppard, Thomas
name: Turchinovich, Dmitry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: FAIR principles
neutron scattering
photon and neutron data
X-ray
synchrotron radatiation facilities
free electron lasers
research data management
data catalogue
metadata
experimental lifecycle
DAPHNE4NFDI
National Research Data Infrastructure (NFDI)

description: DAPHNE4NFDI focuses on research with photons and neutrons at large-scale research facilities. The main goal of DAPHNE4NFDI is to make data from these experiments "FAIR", thereby making scientific work more efficient and gaining more knowledge from the data. The overall goals of DAPHNE4NFDI are Improve metadata capture through consistent workflows supported by user-driven online logbooks that are linked to the data collection, thus enabling a richer capture of information about the experiments than is currently possible; Establish a community repository of processed data, new reference databases and analysis code for published results, linked, where possible, to raw data sources, to sustainably improve access to research data and enable data and software re-use; Develop, curate and deploy user-developed analysis software on facility computing infrastructure so that ordinary users can benefit from and repeat the analysis performed by leading power user groups through common data analysis portals. This is the public version of the proposal of DAPHNE4NFDI. For more information please visit the project website.
description: This work is supported in the context of the work of the NFDI e.V. The consortium DAPHNE4NFDI is funded by the DFG - project number 460248799.
Cone-theoretic generalization of total positivity
Creators: name: Kushel, O. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15A48 (Primary) 15A18 (Secondary) 15A75

description: This paper is devoted to the generalization of the theory of total positivity. We say that a linear operator A in R^n is generalized totally positive (GTP), if its jth exterior power preserves a proper cone K_j in the corresponding space for every j = 1, ..., n. We also define generalized strictly totally positive (GSTP) operators. We prove that the spectrum of a GSTP operator is positive and simple, moreover, its eigenvectors are localized in special sets. The existence of invariant cones of finite ranks is shown under some additional conditions. Some new insights and alternative proofs of the well-known results of Gantmacher and Krein describing the properties of TP and STP matrices are presented.
Einfluss des Ras/Map-Kinase-Signaltransduktionsweges auf Promotoren der schweren Myosinketten während Proliferation und Differenzierung von Muskelsatellitenzellen
Creators: name: Scholz, Michael
Publisher: name: Hannover : Universität
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Skeletal muscle differentiation
subject: MAPK-pathway
subject: PI3-kinase/akt-pathway
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: [no abstract]
Saxifraga stellaris L.
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: S. stellaris L. Cat. 156und 426. Verbreitet. Obere Höhengrenze festzustellen. (Die Angabe des Cat.: «Vincenthütte, Mt-Rose, 3100m, Heer», bezieht sich auf das italienische Grenzgebiet; vgl. Schlagintweit Lit. 1854,S. 228.) Var. robusta Engler - 2: Montagne de Fully (Mercier). - 4: Gerental, von der Brücke bis Scherlis- wang (Thommen); Rhonegletscher (P.). Ein kleinwüchsige Form mit grossen Kronblättern:Feldbachtal im Binntal (Binz Lit. 1908a,S.17).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
Totalsynthese von Archazolid A und Studien zur Totalsynthese von Rhizopodin
Creators: name: Rudolph, Sven
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Totalsynthese
subject: Naturstoffe
subject: Myxobakterien
subject: Archazolid
subject: Rhizopodin
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: [no abstract]
Theoretische Untersuchungen an Kieselsäurelösungen und an silicatischen Wirt-Gast-Verbindungen
Creators: name: Schaper, Kay Marcus
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Wassercluster
subject: Kieselsäuren
subject: Porosile
subject: strukturdirigierende Synthese
subject: Molekülorbitaltheorie
subject: Dichtefunktionaltheorie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: [no abstract]
Measuring and engineering entropy and spin squeezing in weakly linked Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Cattani, F.
name: Gross, C.
name: Oberthaler, M. K.
name: Ruostekoski, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a method to infer the single-particle entropy of bosonic atoms in an optical lattice and to study the local evolution of entropy, spin squeezing, and entropic inequalities for entanglement detection in such systems. This method is based on experimentally feasible measurements of non-nearest-neighbour coherences. We study a specific example of dynamically controlling atom tunneling between selected sites and show that this could potentially also improve the metrologically relevant spin squeezing.
Health Impact Assessments and Planning: Bridging the Gap to Promote Health Equity
Creators: name: Kostelec, Donald
name: Danley, Christopher
name: Hebert, Katherine
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Public health and planning have been intertwined professions since the 1800s, when a concern over the health and wellness of city dwellers led reformers to demand greater order to the growth of cities and the provision of government services. The connection between the two professions was reinforced again in the 1960s, when air and water pollution legislation swept the nation.1 Today, the evidence of the relationship between planning decisions and public health outcomes can be seen in increasing health inequalities throughout the United States. Health Impact Assessment (HIA) can contribute information to the planning process in order to address these unintended health consequences prior to a decision being made. Planners work to “improve the welfare of people and their communities by creating more convenient, equitable, healthful, efficient, and attractive places for present and future generations.”2 A planner’s actions can either contribute to health inequities or promote equity. Language related to the protection of health and enhancing quality of life is commonplace in comprehensive plans and zoning ordinances. However, this language typically concerns only very basic health issues such as clean water, sanitary sewer services, building stability and fire protection. Today, with obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease on the rise, the health profession – both clinical and public health – is becoming more involved in plans, policies, programs and projects that impact the built environment. Health professionals recognize that the planning profession is at the frontlines of determining whether or not healthy communities are built.
Einfluss von Kompostanwendung und Unterflur-Bewässerung auf die Ertragsbildung von Spargel (Asparagus officinalis L.)
Creators: name: Schaper, Iris
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Wasserversorgung
subject: organische Düngung
subject: Spargel
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::630 | Landwirtschaft, Veterinärmedizin

description: [no abstract]
Transient heat flux shielding using thermal metamaterials
Creators: name: Narayana, Supradeep
name: Savo, Salvatore
name: Sato, Yuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a heat shield based on a metamaterial engineering approach to shield a region from transient diffusive heat flow. The shield is designed with a multilayered structure to prescribe the appropriate spatial profile for heat capacity, density, and thermal conductivity of the effective medium. The heat shield was experimentally compared to other isotropic materials.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, accepted on Applied Physics Letter
Sorting polarized photons with a single scatterer
Creators: name: Rodríguez-Fortuño, Francisco J.
name: Puerto, Daniel
name: Griol, Amadeu
name: Bellieres, Laurent
name: Martí, Javier
name: Martínez, Alejandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Intuitively, light impinging on a spatially symmetric object will be scattered symmetrically. This intuition can fail at the nanoscale if the polarization of the incoming light is properly tailored. In fact, it has been demonstrated that near-field interference can result in the unidirectional excitation of plasmonic modes using circularly polarized light. Here we show that linearly-polarized photons impinging on a single spatially-symmetric scatterer created in a silicon waveguide are guided into a certain direction of the waveguide depending exclusively on their polarization angle. Reciprocity implies that the scatterer can also act as a two-input dielectric nanoantenna radiating two different linear polarizations. Our work broadens the scope of near-field interference beyond plasmonics, with applications in polarization (de)multiplexing, unidirectional coupling, directional switching, radiation polarization control, and polarization-encoded quantum information processing in photonic integrated circuits.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, 4 pages supplementary info
DesignRevival24: An Example of Innovative Planning and Designer Volunteerism
Creators: name: Lagueux, Scott
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Whether referred to as the Great Recession, the Global Financial Meltdown, or the “Great Reset,” the net effect of the economic correction of the late-2000s was a strain on America’s psyche and self confidence. DesignRevival24 is one group of planners’ and designers’ efforts to find inspiration during the economic downturn through development of an intensive, collaborative, 24-hour community design initiative. The article identifies the process established for DesignRevival24 and its application in the community of Bluefield, West Virginia during the spring of 2011. There is an increasing need in communities for ideas, inspiration, and early planning and design concepts to help jumpstart revitalization efforts that tap into a variety of public and private funding outlets. DesignRevival24 provides a unique avenue for achievement of these ends for the right community.
Ellipsoidal and Gaussian Kalman Filter Model for Discrete-Time Nonlinear Systems
Creators: name: Sun, Ligang
name: Alkhatib, Hamza
name: Kargoll, Boris
name: Kreinovich, Vladik
name: Neumann, Ingo
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ellipsoidal and Gaussian Kalman filter
subject: state estimation
subject: unknown but bounded uncertainty
subject: nonlinear programming
subject: convex optimization
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::510 | Mathematik

description: In this paper, we propose a new technique—called Ellipsoidal and Gaussian Kalman filter—for state estimation of discrete-time nonlinear systems in situations when for some parts of uncertainty, we know the probability distributions, while for other parts of uncertainty, we only know the bounds (but we do not know the corresponding probabilities). Similarly to the usual Kalman filter, our algorithm is iterative: on each iteration, we first predict the state at the next moment of time, and then we use measurement results to correct the corresponding estimates. On each correction step, we solve a convex optimization problem to find the optimal estimate for the system’s state (and the optimal ellipsoid for describing the systems’s uncertainty). Testing our algorithm on several highly nonlinear problems has shown that the new algorithm performs the extended Kalman filter technique better—the state estimation technique usually applied to such nonlinear problems.
Toward Optimality of Proper Generalised Decomposition Bases
Creators: name: Alameddin, Shadi
name: Fau, Amélie
name: Néron, David
name: Ladevèze, Pierre
name: Nackenhorst, Udo
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: model order reduction (MOR)
subject: low-rank approximation
subject: proper generalised decomposition (PGD)
subject: PGD compression
subject: randomised SVD
subject: nonlinear material behaviour
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::510 | Mathematik

description: The solution of structural problems with nonlinear material behaviour in a model order reduction framework is investigated in this paper. In such a framework, greedy algorithms or adaptive strategies are interesting as they adjust the reduced order basis (ROB) to the problem of interest. However, these greedy strategies may lead to an excessive increase in the size of the ROB, i.e., the solution is no more represented in its optimal low-dimensional expansion. Here, an optimised strategy is proposed to maintain, at each step of the greedy algorithm, the lowest dimension of a Proper Generalized Decomposition (PGD) basis using a randomised Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) algorithm. Comparing to conventional approaches such as Gram–Schmidt orthonormalisation or deterministic SVD, it is shown to be very efficient both in terms of numerical cost and optimality of the ROB. Examples with different mesh densities are investigated to demonstrate the numerical efficiency of the presented method.
Micro-feature-motivated numerical analysis of the coupled bio-chemo-hydro-mechanical behaviour in MICP
Creators: name: Wang, Xuerui
name: Nackenhorst, Udo
Publisher: name: Berlin ; Heidelberg : Springer
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: BCHM modelling
subject: Cross-scale
subject: MICP
subject: Micro-properties
subject: Permeability reduction
subject: Stiffness improvement
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: A coupled bio-chemo-hydro-mechanical model (BCHM) is developed to investigate the permeability reduction and stiffness improvement in soil by microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP). Specifically, in our model based on the geometric method a link between the micro- and macroscopic features is generated. This allows the model to capture the macroscopic material property changes caused by variations in the microstructure during MICP. The developed model was calibrated and validated with the experimental data from different literature sources. Besides, the model was applied in a scenario simulation to predict the hydro-mechanical response of MICP-soil under continuous biochemical, hydraulic and mechanical treatments. Our modelling study indicates that for a reasonable prediction of the permeability reduction and stiffness improvement by MICP in both space and time, the coupled BCHM processes and the influences from the microstructural aspects should be considered. Due to its capability to capture the dynamic BCHM interactions in flexible settings, this model could potentially be adopted as a designing tool for real MICP applications. © 2022, The Author(s).
Sensitivity enhancement in optical micro-tube resonator sensors via mode coupling
Creators: name: Ling, Tao
name: Guo, L. Jay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A liquid filled, low refractive index material inner-coated silica micro-tube has been proposed and studied as a coupled micro-resonator sensor to greatly enhance biochemical sensor sensitivity. Its unique coupling phenomenon has been analyzed and utilized to boost the refractive index sensitivity of the device to 967nm/RIU. Through optimization of the coupling strength between the two microresonators, further improvement in refractive index sensitivity up to 1100nm/RIU has been achieved. This mode coupling strategy allows us to design robust, thick-walled micro-tube sensors with ultra-high sensitivity which is useful in practical biochemical sensing applications.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Book Review: Women and the City; Women and the American City
Creators: name: Leigh-Preston, Nancy
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1981

description: If the works in these two volumes represent (as I suspect) the best of work to date on women and urban issues, then they should best be labelled pioneering, rather than radical. While both the British International Journal of Urban and Regional Research's "Women and the City" and Signs' "Women and the American City" tackle the analysis of problems women encounter in urban environments, neither forms a coherent review of the whole nor offers a well worked-out blueprint for solving the problems. Consequently, taken separately or together, neither of these volumes will realize "the potential of requiring fundamental changes in some of the most basic elements of the modern city." They do, however, demand a change in the way we think about women and cities.
Saxifraga aspera
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: S. aspera L. em. DC. Ssp. elongata Gaudin (S. aspera L. s. str., S. asp.ssp.eu-aspera Engler et Irmscher) Cat. 156und 426. Bis 2800 m: Gornergrat ob Zermatt (nach BRAUN-BLANQUET in Hegi, Flora, IV, 2, S. 598 [1922]). Var. intermedia (Hegetschw.) Gaudin-3: Champex (Goudet). -4: Gletsch (Wilczek). Ssp. bryoides (L.) Gaudin (S. bryoides L.) Cat. 156 und 426. Die Angabe: «Mt-Rose, 3630 m, Heer» betrifft nicht einen Walliser Fundort, sondern die Nase «B» im Lysgletscher (Italien) (vgl. Schlagintweit Lit. 1854, S. 230). l: Luisin (Coquoz); Pic de Tanneverge (Briquet); Cheval Blanc (idem); Alpen von Trient (J.). - 3:Tiefe Stelle: Zinal,an der Navisence,1560m, wohl herabgeschwemmt(Sulger1948).- 3a:Gabi, Ufer der Doveria unterhalb des Tunnels, etwa1200m, eine Kolonie,herabgeschwemmt (Becherer 1944). - 4: Im Binntal mehrfach (Binz).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
Genesis and soil environmental implications of intact in-situ rhizoliths in dunes of the Badain Jaran Desert, northwestern China
Creators: name: Sun, Qingfeng
name: Zamanian, Kazem
name: Huguet, Arnaud
name: Bayat, Omid
name: Wang, Hong
name: Badawy, Hanan S.
Publisher: name: [Beijing] : Science Press
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artemisia roots
subject: Calcification
subject: Decomposition
subject: Leptic regosols
subject: Rhizoliths
subject: Soil moisture
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: Desert rhizoliths are generally found as weathered, broken and scattered samples on dune field surface, but rarely in-situ in their initial states buried under the soil of desert in the Badain Jaran Desert, northwest China. This study offers an assessment of the morphological, mineralogical, and chemical properties of intact and in-situ rhizoliths found in soils of swales and depressions among dune chains. The characteristics of these rare and precious objects were assessed using optical polarizing microscopy, cathodoluminescence, scanning electronic microscopy, radiocarbon dating, and stable isotopic analyses, providing the opportunity for discussion of the rhizolith formation mechanisms and associated environmental conditions. Field and laboratory investigations showed that the in-situ intact rhizoliths were formed only in the places where Artemisia shrubs are living, and the remaining root relicts within rhizoliths belong to this species. The spatial distribution of rhizoliths also suggested that low topographic positions on a landscape provided soil moisture, and redox environments favored rhizolith formation. A semi-closed redox environment in the subsoil at swales and depressions, where water is always present, along with the sandy soil texture, facilitated fast water percolation to deeper depths and condensation. Such a soil environment not only provides water for Artemisia growth, but also for the weathering of minerals such as felspars and calcite from primary carbonates, and for the decomposition of root relicts. Furthermore, harsh climatic conditions, such as strong winds and solar radiation, led to water evaporation through dead root channels and triggered the calcification along the root relicts. The entrapped lithogenic carbonates and to a lesser extent the decomposition of Artemisia roots provided the carbon sources for the rhizoliths formation, while the weathering of soil minerals, particularly feldspars and carbonates, was the main source of Ca. Rhizoliths in the Badain Jaran desert formed relatively quickly, probably over a few soil drying episodes. This led to the entrapment of a large quantity of lithogenic carbonates (more than 90% of carbon) within rhizolith cement. The re-dissolution of the entrapped lithogenic carbonates in rhizolith tubes should be taken into account in the paleoenvironmental interpretation of 14C ages, the latter suggesting that rhizoliths formed during the Holocene (~ 2053 years cal BP, based on root organic relicts). © 2022, The Author(s).
Holographic description of strongly correlated electrons in external magnetic fields
Creators: name: Gubankova, E.
name: Brill, J.
name: Cubrovic, M.
name: Schalm, K.
name: Schijven, P.
name: Zaanen, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Fermi level structure of (2+1)-dimensional strongly interacting electron systems in external magnetic field using the AdS/CFT correspondence. The gravity dual of a finite density fermion system is a Dirac field in the background of the dyonic AdS-Reissner-Nordstrom black hole. In the probe limit the magnetic system can be reduced to the non-magnetic one, with Landau-quantized momenta and rescaled thermodynamical variables. We find that at strong enough magnetic fields, the Fermi surface vanishes and the quasiparticle is lost either through a crossover to conformal regime or through a phase transition to an unstable Fermi surface. In the latter case, the vanishing Fermi velocity at the critical magnetic field triggers the non-Fermi liquid regime with unstable quasiparticles and a change in transport properties of the system. We associate it with a metal-"strange metal" phase transition. We compute the DC Hall and longitudinal conductivities using the gravity-dressed fermion propagators. As expected, the Hall conductivity is quantized according to integer Quantum Hall Effect (QHE) at weak magnetic fields. At strong magnetic fields, new plateaus typical for the fractional QHE appear. Our pattern closely resembles the experimental results on graphite which are described using the fractional filling factor proposed by Halperin.
description: 39 pages, 11 figures, Ch. 21, Lect. Notes Phys. "Strongly interacting matter in magnetic fields" (Springer), edited by D. Kharzeev, K. Landsteiner, A. Schmitt, H.-U. Yee. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1011.4051
Three-BMN Correlation Functions: Integrability vs. String Field Theory One-Loop Mismatch
Creators: name: Schulgin, Waldemar
name: Zayakin, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare calculations of the three-point correlation functions of BMN operators at the one-loop (next-to-leading) order in the scalar SU(2) sector from the integrability expression recently suggested by Gromov and Vieira, and from the string field theory expression based on the effective interaction vertex by Dobashi and Yoneya. A disagreement is found between the form-factors of the correlation functions in the one-loop contributions. The order-of-limits problem is suggested as a possible explanation of this discrepancy.
description: 18 pages
2023 OMSF Symposium - OpenFF Keynote Talk
Creators: name: Mobley, David
name: Wagner, Jeffrey
name: Wang, Lily
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: 2023 OpenFF Keynote David Mobley, Jeffrey Wagner, Lily Wang Open Force Field This video contains the OpenFF keynote presentation given at the OMSF Symposium on May 13, 2023. https://youtu.be/RzqqNytqbeY
description: Research supported by NIH R01 GM132386
Dust Properties in the Galactic Bulge
Creators: name: Pottasch, S. R.
name: Bernard-Salas, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been suggested that the ratio of total-to-selective extinction RV in dust in the interstellar medium differs in the Galactic bulge from its value in the local neighborhood. We attempt to test this suggestion. The mid-infrared hydrogen lines in 16 Galactic bulge PNe measured by the Spitzer Space Telescope are used to determine the extinction corrected Hβ flux. This is compared to the observed Hβ flux to obtain the total extinction at Hβ. The selective extinction is obtained from the observed Balmer decrement in these nebulae. The value of RV can then be found. The ratio of total-to-selective extinction in the Galactic bulge is consistent with the value RV =3.1, which is the same as has been found in the local neighborhood. We conclude that the suggestion that RV is different in the Galactic bulge is incorrect. The reasons for this are discussed.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in A&A
Micro-Raman—a tool for the heavy mineral analysis of gold placer-type deposits (Pianu Valley, Romania)
Creators: name: Maftei, Andreea Elena
name: Buzatu, Andrei
name: Damian, Gheorghe
name: Buzgar, Nicolae
name: Dill, Harald G.
name: Apopei, Andrei Ionut
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI AG
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Allanite
subject: Garnet
subject: Gold placers
subject: Heavy minerals
subject: Raman spectroscopy
subject: Xenotime
subject: Zircon
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: In the current study, different heavy minerals typical of gold placer deposits were identified by means of micro-Raman spectroscopy, and their chemical composition analyzed and discussed (garnet, kyanite, staurolite, zircon, allanite, monazite, xenotime, rutile, anatase, cassiterite, titanite, barite). Even complex solid solution series, such as those of garnets, can be deciphered with the aid of systematic trends observed in Raman line frequencies. The vi mode in garnets will shift from high to low frequencies as a function of the ionic radius of the X2+ cation, from Mg2+, to Fe2+ and Mn2+, while the presence of Ca2+ will make the band to be shifted strongly to even lower wavenumbers. This approach has successfully been taken to differentiate between polymorph triplets such as kyanite-sillimanite-andalusite and rutile-anatase-brookite. Minerals under consideration with high contents of REE, U and Th are affected by intensive metamictization, particularly zircon and titanite. Raman peak features, such as shape, symmetry and intensity, respond to this radiation damage of the lattice and enable fine-tuning of these heavy minerals, such as in the case of fluorite (fetid fluorite). © 2020, MDPI AG. All rights reserved.
Human CCAAT-binding proteins have heterologous subunits
Creators: name: Baldwin, Albert S., Jr.
name: Carthew, Richard W.
name: Sharp, Phillip A.
name: Chodosh, Lewis A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1988

description: We have characterized three distinct proteins present in HeLa cell extracts that specifically recognize different subsets of transcriptional elements containing the pentanucleotide sequence CCAAT. One of these CCAAT-binding proteins, CP1, binds with high affinity to CCAAT elements present in the human a-globin promoter and the adenovirus major late promoter (MLP). A second protein, CP2, binds with high affinity to a CCAAT element present in the rat γ-fibrinogen promoter. Finally, the third CCAAT-binding protein is nuclear factor I (NF-I), a cellular DNA-binding protein that binds to the adenovirus origin of replication and is required for the initiation of adenoviral replication. CPi, CP2, and NF-I are distinct activities in that each binds to its own recognition site with an affinity that is at least three orders of magnitude higher than that with which it binds to the recognition sites of the other two proteins. Surprisingly, CP1, CP2, and NF-I each appear to recognize their binding site with highest affinity as a multisubunit complex composed of heterologous subunits. In the case of CP1, two different types of subunits form a stable complex in the absence of a DNA-binding site. Moreover, both subunits are present in the CP1-DNA complex. We thus propose the existence of a family of related multisubunit CCAAT-binding proteins that are composed of heterologous subunits.
Exploring the Potential of Digital Twins for Production Control & Monitoring
Creators: name: Hiller, Tobias
name: Cevirgen, Cihan
name: Nyhuis, Peter
Publisher: name: Hannover : publish-Ing.
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Production Planning and Control
subject: Logistical KPIs
subject: Digital Twins
subject: Monitoring
subject: Production logistic models
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: The achievement of a high level of logistical performance is a primary goal of manufacturing companies. In order to remain competitive, companies must constantly improve order processing to ensure short delivery times and high delivery reliability. Production planning and control is a core function of manufacturing companies and is responsible for routing production orders through the stations involved in order processing such as procurement, production and dispatch. Yet managing production efficiently and achieving a high logistical performance remains a genuine issue, even with increasingly digitalized and automated processes. The concept of the digital twin promises an improved database to enable companies to reach more informed decisions. As yet, the potential for utilizing this database has not been thoroughly explored in the context of a constant measurement of the backlog and output. In addition, there are various divergent definitions and approaches to the application of digital twins. This paper discusses the potentials of the different tasks of production control and monitoring in relation to the acquisition of dynamic data in real-time. A method is provided that continuously calculates the backlog and output. Furthermore, an example of application is presented that shows how this information can be used for production control. Our results indicate that by exploiting this information, logistic performance can be improved.
Lessons on the Importance of Place: Looking at the Impact of the Rural Studio
Creators: name: Bullington, Amy
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The program’s website succinctly states, “Rural Studio is an undergraduate program of the School of Architecture, Planning, and Landscape Architecture at Auburn University. We have been in Hale County since 1993, where we hope we have been a good neighbor and friend to the community.” Through an approach that is grounded in its context, the Rural Studio illustrates the potential of creative work at the intersection of planning and design. Over the past two decades, Rural Studio projects have celebrated the uniqueness of Hale County by integrating art and culture into community revitalization work.
Resilience decision-making for complex systems
Creators: name: Salomon, Julian
name: Broggi, Matteo
name: Kruse, Sebastian
name: Weber, Stefan
name: Beer, Michael
Publisher: name: New York, NY [u.a.] : American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: resilience
subject: complex systems
subject: resilience-based decision-making
subject: multistage axial compressor
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Complex systems-such as gas turbines, industrial plants, and infrastructure networks- are of paramount importance to modern societies. However, these systems are subject to various threats. Novel research does not only focus on monitoring and improving the robustness and reliability of systems but also focus on their recovery from adverse events. The concept of resilience encompasses these developments. Appropriate quantitative measures of resilience can support decision-makers seeking to improve or to design complex systems. In this paper, we develop comprehensive and widely adaptable instruments for resilience-based decision-making. Integrating an appropriate resilience metric together with a suitable systemic risk measure, we design numerically efficient tools aiding decision-makers in balancing different resilience-enhancing investments. The approach allows for a direct comparison between failure prevention arrangements and recovery improvement procedures, leading to optimal tradeoffs with respect to the resilience of a system. In addition, the method is capable of dealing with the monetary aspects involved in the decision-making process. Finally, a grid search algorithm for systemic risk measures significantly reduces the computational effort. In order to demonstrate its wide applicability, the suggested decision-making procedure is applied to a functional model of a multistage axial compressor, and to the U-Bahn and S-Bahn system of Germany's capital Berlin. Copyright © 2020 by ASME.
A Work Program for Equity Planners
Creators: name: Krumholz, Norman
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: During the mid-twentieth century period of Title I urban renewal, planners operated in a field that featured big plans and bold projects. Urban renewal was an approach in which well-meaning people set out to clean up our messy cities and many of the people who lived in them through large-scale projects. This approach was supported by law and a general consensus that the demolition of substandard housing was a good thing. But, like the rest of us, poor people need housing too, and bitter struggles over urban renewal displacements forced politicians to end the program in 1974. Today, few planners are involved in planning for giant projects. Unlike architects who see the city as a world of built forms, or developers who rarely see the city at all but see only packages of potential profit, most planners see a more comprehensive picture. The way planners see their cities is important, because of their power to influence land use decisions and because their code of ethics directs them to expand choice and opportunity for all persons, recognizing a special responsibility to plan for the needs of disadvantaged populations (AICP, 2010).
Convex Polytopes from Nested Posets
Creators: name: Devadoss, Satyan L.
name: Forcey, Stefan
name: Reisdorf, Stephen
name: Showers, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 52B11, Secondary 55P48, 18D50

description: Motivated by the graph associahedron KG, a polytope whose face poset is based on connected subgraphs of G, we consider the notion of associativity and tubes on posets. This leads to a new family of simple convex polytopes obtained by iterated truncations. These generalize graph associahedra and nestohedra, even encompassing notions of nestings on CW-complexes. However, these poset associahedra fall in a different category altogether than generalized permutohedra.
description: 18 pages, 15 figures
What can we learn from comparing glacio-hydrological models?
Creators: name: Stoll, Elena
name: Hanzer, Florian
name: Oesterle, Felix
name: Nemec, Johanna
name: Schöber, Johannes
name: Huttenlau, Matthias
name: Förster, Kristian
Publisher: name: Basel : Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI)
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: catchment hydrology
subject: climate change
subject: glacier retreat
subject: glacierized catchments
subject: glacio-hydrological models
subject: model comparison
subject: modeling future runoff
subject: snow and ice melt
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: Glacio-hydrological models combine both glacier and catchment hydrology modeling and are used to assess the hydrological response of high-mountain glacierized catchments to climate change. To capture the uncertainties from these model combinations, it is essential to compare the outcomes of several model entities forced with the same climate projections. For the first time, we compare the results of two completely independent glacio-hydrological models: (i) HQsim-GEM and (ii) AMUNDSEN. In contrast to prevailing studies, we use distinct glacier models and glacier initialization times. At first glance, the results achieved for future glacier states and hydrological characteristics in the Rofenache catchment in ötztal Alps (Austria) appear to be similar and consistent, but a closer look reveals clear differences. What can be learned from this study is that low-complexity models can achieve higher accuracy in the calibration period. This is advantageous especially when data availability is weak, and priority is given to efficient computation time. Furthermore, the time and method of glacier initialization play an important role due to different data requirements. In essence, it is not possible to make conclusions about the model performance outside of the calibration period or more specifically in the future. Hence, similar to climate modeling, we suggest considering different modeling approaches when assessing future catchment discharge or glacier evolution. Especially when transferring the results to stakeholders, it is vital to transparently communicate the bandwidth of future states that come with all model results. © 2020 by the authors.