cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Comments on Diquarks, Strong Binding and a Large Hidden QCD Scale
Creators: name: Shifman, M.
name: Vainshtein, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present arguments regarding diquarks possible role in low-energy hadron phenomenology that escaped theorists' attention so far. Good diquarks, i.e. the $0^{+}$ states of two quarks, are argued to have a two-component structure with one of the components peaking at distances several times shorter than a typical hadron size (a short-range core). This can play a role in solving two old puzzles of the 't Hooft 1/N expansion: strong quark mass dependence of the vacuum energy density and strong violations of the Okubo-Zweig-Iizuka (OZI) rule in the quark-antiquark $0^\pm$ channels. In both cases empiric data defy 't Hooft's 1/N suppression. If good diquarks play a role at an intermediate energy scale they ruin 't Hoofts planarity because of their mixed-flavor composition. This new scale associated with the good diquarks may be related to a numerically large scale discovered in [V. Novikov, M. Shifman, A. Vainshtein and V. Zakharov, Nucl. Phys. B 191, 301 (1981)] in a number of phenomena mostly related to vacuum quantum numbers and $0^\pm$ glueball channels. If SU(3)$_{\rm color}$ of bona fide QCD is replaced by SU(2)$_{\rm color}$, diquarks become well-defined gauge invariant objects. Moreover, there is an exact symmetry relating them to pions. In this limit predictions regarding good diquarks are iron-clad. If passage from SU(2)$_{\rm color}$ to SU(3)$_{\rm color}$ does not lead to dramatic disturbances, these predictions remain qualitatively valid in bona fide QCD.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures; journal version, minor changes
Impact of the EU Common Agricultural Policy on Organic in Comparison to Conventional Farms
Creators: name: Haring, Anna Maria
name: Offermann, Frank
name: Haring, Anna Maria
name: Offermann, Frank
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: agricultural policy
subject: farm accounts

description: Farms in the EU receive considerable support from the Common Agricultural Policy. Support for organic and conventional farms is analysed, covering a wide range of different Common Agricultural Policy support measures. The current design of the Common Market Organisations tends to disadvantage organic farming systems, although developments in the last two CAP reforms (year 1992 and 2000) and the latest reform (2003) have reduced the discrimination of extensive farming systems and now provide opportunities to introduce measures to meet some of the needs of organic farms.
FAUST I. The hot corino at the heart of the prototypical Class I protostar L1551 IRS5
Creators: name: Bianchi, E.
name: Chandler, C. J.
name: Ceccarelli, C.
name: Codella, C.
name: Sakai, N.
name: López-Sepulcre, A.
name: Maud, L. T.
name: Moellenbrock, G.
name: Svoboda, B.
name: Watanabe, Y.
name: Sakai, T.
name: Ménard, F.
name: Aikawa, Y.
name: Alves, F.
name: Balucani, N.
name: Bouvier, M.
name: Caselli, P.
name: Caux, E.
name: Charnley, S.
name: Choudhury, S.
name: De Simone, M.
name: Dulieu, F.
name: Durán, A.
name: Evans, L.
name: Favre, C.
name: Fedele, D.
name: Feng, S.
name: Fontani, F.
name: Francis, L.
name: Hama, T.
name: Hanawa, T.
name: Herbst, E.
name: Hirota, T.
name: Imai, M.
name: Isella, A.
name: Jiménez-Serra, I.
name: Johnstone, D.
name: Kahane, C.
name: Lefloch, B.
name: Loinard, L.
name: Maureira, M. J.
name: Mercimek, S.
name: Miotello, A.
name: Mori, S.
name: Nakatani, R.
name: Nomura, H.
name: Oba, Y.
name: Ohashi, S.
name: Okoda, Y.
name: Ospina-Zamudio, J.
name: Oya, Y.
name: Pineda, J.
name: Podio, L.
name: Rimola, A.
name: Cox, D. Segura
name: Shirley, Y.
name: Taquet, V.
name: Testi, L.
name: Vastel, C.
name: Viti, S.
name: Watanabe, N.
name: Witzel, A.
name: Xue, C.
name: Zhang, Y.
name: Zhao, B.
name: Yamamoto, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of hot corinos in Solar-like protostars has been so far mostly limited to the Class 0 phase, hampering our understanding of their origin and evolution. In addition, recent evidence suggests that planet formation starts already during Class I phase, which, therefore, represents a crucial step in the future planetary system chemical composition. Hence, the study of hot corinos in Class I protostars has become of paramount importance. Here we report the discovery of a hot corino towards the prototypical Class I protostar L1551 IRS5, obtained within the ALMA Large Program FAUST. We detected several lines from methanol and its isopotologues ($^{13}$CH$_{\rm 3}$OH and CH$_{\rm 2}$DOH), methyl formate and ethanol. Lines are bright toward the north component of the IRS5 binary system, and a possible second hot corino may be associated with the south component. The methanol lines non-LTE analysis constrains the gas temperature ($\sim$100 K), density ($\geq$1.5$\times$10$^{8}$ cm$^{-3}$), and emitting size ($\sim$10 au in radius). All CH$_{\rm 3}$OH and $^{13}$CH$_{\rm 3}$OH lines are optically thick, preventing a reliable measure of the deuteration. The methyl formate and ethanol relative abundances are compatible with those measured in Class 0 hot corinos. Thus, based on the present work, little chemical evolution from Class 0 to I hot corinos occurs.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Additional file 1 of Suicidal behaviours among adolescents from 90 countries: a pooled analysis of the global school-based student health survey
Creators: name: Campisi, Susan C.
name: Carducci, Bianca
name: Akseer, Nadia
name: Zasowski, Clare
name: Szatmari, Peter
name: Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1 Supplementary Fig. 1. Country Prevalence of Students who Reported One or More Suicide Attempts in the Past 12 Months by WB Income Group by WHO Region. Supplementary Fig. 2. Country Prevalence of Reported Suicide Ideation in the Past 12 Months by WB Income Group by WHO Region. Supplementary Fig. 3. Pooled Prevalence Estimates per GSHS Question for HIC and LMIC, boys 13–15 Years. Supplementary Fig. 4. Pooled Prevalence Estimates per GSHS Question for HIC and LMIC, boys 16–17 Years. Supplementary Fig. 5. Pooled Prevalence Estimates per GSHS Question for HIC and LMIC, girls 13–15 Years. Supplementary Fig. 6. Pooled Prevalence Estimates per GSHS Question for HIC and LMIC, girls 16-17 Years. Supplementary Fig. 72. Sensitivity Analysis. Mean Prevalence Estimates per GSHS Question, per phase, boys 13–15 Years. Supplementary Fig. 8. Sensitivity Analysis. Mean Prevalence Estimates per GSHS Question, per phase, girls 13–15 Years.
On logarithmic solutions to the conformal Ward identities
Creators: name: Rasmussen, Jorgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A general discussion of the conformal Ward identities is presented in the context of logarithmic conformal field theory with conformal Jordan cells of rank two. The logarithmic fields are taken to be quasi-primary. No simplifying assumptions are made about the operator-product expansions of the primary or logarithmic fields. Based on a very natural and general ansatz about the form of the two- and three-point functions, their complete solutions are worked out. The results are in accordance with and extend the known results. It is demonstrated, for example, that the correlators exhibit hierarchical structures similar to the ones found in the literature pertaining to certain simplifying assumptions.
description: 14 pages, LaTeX, v2: reference corrected
Impacts of Agri-Environmental Policies on Land Allocation and Prices
Creators: name: Guyomard, Herve
name: Lankoski, Jussi E.
name: Ollikainen, Markku
name: Guyomard, Herve
name: Lankoski, Jussi E.
name: Ollikainen, Markku
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: land allocation
subject: land rents
subject: agri-environmental policies

description: We used Ricardian framework with heterogeneous land quality to analyse how policies used to support farm incomes, reduce negative agri-environmental externalities and enhance the provision of positive externalities influence land allocation decisions and land prices. Four agri-environmental policy instruments are considered: a uniform area payment, a quality-dependent area payment, a mandatory buffer strip policy and a voluntary buffer strip payment. We also analyse how general tax and monetary policies may affect agricultural land prices. The theoretical framework is illustrated by an application to Finnish agriculture.
Dynamical vortex phase diagram of 2D superconductivity in gated MoS2
Creators: name: Saito, Yu
name: Itahashi, Yuki M.
name: Nojima, Tsutomu
name: Iwasa, Yoshihiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent discoveries of two-dimensional (2D) superconductors have uncovered various new aspects of physical properties including vortex matter. In this paper, we report transport properties and a dynamical phase diagram at zero magnetic field in ion-gated MoS2. In addition to the universal jump in the current-voltage characteristic showing unambiguous evidence of the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) transition, we observed multiple peaks in the temperature- and current-derivative of the electrical resistance, based on which a dynamical phase diagram in the current-temperature plane was constructed. We found current-induced dynamical states of vortex-antivortex pairs, containing that with the phase slip line. Also, we present a global phase diagram of vortices in gated MoS2 which captures the nature of vortex matter of clean 2D superconductors.
description: 31 pages, 7 figures
Christe, Yves: Das Jüngste Gericht
Creators: name: Scholz, Piotr O.
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 87 (2003): Oriens christianus, Band 87
Forward Hedging Under Price and Production Risk of Wheat
Creators: name: Xing, Liu
name: Pietola, Kyosti
name: Xing, Liu
name: Pietola, Kyosti
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: hedging ratio
subject: risk
subject: forward contract

description: This paper estimates optimal hedging ratios for a Finnish spring wheat producer under price and yield risk. The forward contract available for hedging fixes the price and quantity at the time of sowing for a delivery at harvest. Autoregressive models are used to obtain point forecasts for the conditional mean price and price volatility at harvest. Expected yield and yield volatility are estimated from the field experiment data. A range of coefficients of absolute risk aversion are used in the computations. The results suggest that yield volatility is large and it dominates the price volatility in the optimal hedging decisions of the Finnish wheat producers. Nevertheless, a potential for large negative correlation between the price and the yield decreases the optimal hedging ratio since the Finnish farmers do not have access to selling put options when they enter in a forward contract.
Additional file 1 of Glutamine uptake and utilization of human mesenchymal glioblastoma in orthotopic mouse model
Creators: name: Oizel, Kristell
name: Chendong Yang
name: Ophelie Renoult
name: Gautier, Fabien
name: Do, Quyen N.
name: Noemie Joalland
name: Xiaofei Gao
name: Bookyung Ko
name: Vallette, François
name: Woo-Ping Ge
name: Paris, François
name: DeBerardinis, Ralph J.
name: Pecqueur, Claire
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Genetic alteration of parental primary cultures. Genetic loss and/or amplification were identified using RNAsequencing. Figure S1. Metabolic profile of Glucose6P-Fructose6P and Ribose5P in human orthotopic tumors (HOT) and control brain. Abundance of Glucose6P-Fructose6P (G6P-F6P) from 3 independent samples for CTR brain and each tumor subtype was analyzed by LCMS. Results are presented as mean ± sem. Results are compared to CTR brain and between groups using multiple t-test analysis (* p < 0.05). Figure S2. Mass spectrometry analysis of labeled 13C Glucose in CTR mice and tumor-beating mice. A. Labeled 13C-Glucose (m+3) in brain, liver and plasma. B. Labeled 13C-TCA metabolites from 13C-Glucose (m+3) in the brain of CTR mice, mesenchymal-tumor bearing mice and CNP tumor-bearing mice.
Studying galaxy cluster morphological metrics with Mock-X
Creators: name: Cao, Kaili
name: Barnes, David J.
name: Vogelsberger, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamically relaxed galaxy clusters have long played a role in galaxy cluster studies because it is thought their properties can be reconstructed more precisely and with less systematics. As relaxed clusters are desirable, there exist a plethora of criteria for classifying a galaxy cluster as relaxed. In this work, we examine $9$ commonly used observational and theoretical morphological metrics extracted from $54,000$ Mock-X synthetic X-ray images of galaxy clusters taken from the IllustrisTNG, BAHAMAS and MACSIS simulation suites. We find that the simulated criteria distributions are in reasonable agreement with the observed distributions. Many criteria distributions evolve as a function of redshift, cluster mass, numerical resolution and subgrid physics, limiting the effectiveness of a single relaxation threshold value. All criteria are positively correlated with each other, however, the strength of the correlation is sensitive to redshift, mass and numerical choices. Driven by the intrinsic scatter inherent to all morphological metrics and the arbitrary nature of relaxation threshold values, we find the consistency of relaxed subsets defined by the different metrics to be relatively poor. Therefore, the use of relaxed cluster subsets introduces significant selection effects that are non-trivial to resolve.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures, submitted to MNRAS. Comments welcome
Additional file 3 of Associations of childhood exposure to malaria with cognition and behavior outcomes: a systematic review protocol
Creators: name: Ssemata, Andrew Sentoogo
name: Jacquelline Ann Nakitende
name: Kizito, Simon
name: Whipple, Elizabeth C.
name: Bangirana, Paul
name: Noeline Nakasujja
name: Chandy C. John
name: McHenry, Megan S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3. Supplement
Modelling the Impact of the CAP Reform on Farm Investments
Creators: name: Sckokai, Paolo
name: Moro, Daniele
name: Sckokai, Paolo
name: Moro, Daniele
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: investments
subject: Common Agricultural Policy
subject: decoupling
subject: uncertainty

description: In this paper we evaluate empirically the impact of policies on farm investment and output decisions, considering risk-averse farmers making inter-temporal choices on current and future profits. We refer specifically to the recent reform of the CAP, while estimation and simulation results are carried out on a FADN sample of Italian arable crop farms. The main message of the paper is that a policy change that shifts resources from price support to direct payments tend to consistently reduce farm investments, mainly as a result of the increased output price volatility, which increases the level of uncertainty faced by farmers. However, this is not clearly reflected in a negative impact on farm output.
ALMA unveils wider environment of distant red protocluster core
Creators: name: Ivison, R. J.
name: Biggs, A. D.
name: Bremer, M.
name: Arumugam, V.
name: Dunne, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report observations with the Atacama Large Millimetre Array (ALMA) of six submillimetre galaxies (SMGs) within 3 arcmin of the Distant Red Core (DRC) at $z=4.0$, a site of intense cluster-scale star formation, first reported by Oteo et al. (2018). We find new members of DRC in three SMG fields; in two fields, the SMGs are shown to lie along the line of sight towards DRC; one SMG is spurious. Although at first sight this rate of association is consistent with earlier predictions, associations with the bright SMGs are rarer than expected, which suggests caution when interpreting continuum over-densities. We consider the implications of all 14 confirmed DRC components passing simultaneously through an active phase of star formation. In the simplest explanation, we see only the tip of the iceberg in terms of star formation and gas available for future star formation, consistent with our remarkable finding that the majority of newly confirmed DRC galaxies are not the brightest continuum emitters in their immediate vicinity. Thus while ALMA continuum follow-up of SMGs identifies the brightest continuum emitters in each field, it does not necessarily reveal all the gas-rich galaxies. To hunt effectively for protocluster members requires wide and deep spectral-line imaging to uncover any relatively continuum-faint galaxies that are rich in atomic or molecular gas. Searching with short-baseline arrays or single-dish facilities, the true scale of the underlying gas reservoirs may be revealed.
description: 8 pages, 2 colour figures; MNRAS, in press
title: Sharing Nextflow code across organizations using the nf-core infrastructure
title: Module and sub-workflow sharing in nf-core
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Ferreira Cavalcante, João Vitor
name: The nf-core community
name: Tree of Life Informatics Infrastructure Team
name: Muffato, Matthieu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Nextflow
nf-core
tooling
Python
workflows
bioinformatics

description: Context

This zenodo archive contains information regarding the project titled "Sharing Nextflow code across organizations using the nf-core infrastructure", the project was performed as part of the first cohort of the Future Innovators programme of the Wellcome Sanger Institute. The project was presented in poster format at the Genome Informatics conference between the 13th and 15th of November, 2024.

Resources

GitHub project containing tasks, issues and pull requests made as part of the project: https://github.com/orgs/sanger-tol/projects/9/

Draft documentation for the feature

The Future Innovators mentorship programme
description:     nf-core (https://nf-co.re/) is a community of hundreds of bioinformaticians promoting and supporting the development of bioinformatics pipelines in the Nextflow language. They provide infrastructure and tooling for constructing, hosting, and using, the components of pipelines, which are called modules and sub-workflows, in an efficient and reliable manner. The nf-core organization on GitHub contains a central repository of ready-to-use modules and sub-workflows, which is open-source and co-developed by the wider community.

    The nf-core community maintains a software suite that enables the creation of data pipelines, leveraging on this infrastructure. In particular, a command-line tool facilitates the incorporation of pre-built code, modules and sub-workflows, into them. The command-line tool, however, restricts users from using components that are built across multiple modules / sub-workflows repositories. This limitation hinders the adoption of Nextflow and nf-core in organizations that cannot deposit all their modules and sub-workflows in the nf-core repository. In this work, we aim to facilitate the incorporation of sub-workflows built across repositories and organizations, further enabling collaborative efforts. By extending the YAML metadata already present in sub-workflows, we, in collaboration with the nf-core community, implemented a new feature for the tool that makes it possible for users to build these components. This new feature makes it possible for multiple institutions to reuse the same, well-tested Nextflow code, but still be able to build upon it and make their own modifications with ease.
description: Presented in the Genome Informatics conference - 2024.
Ensemble Characteristics of the ZZ Ceti stars
Creators: name: Mukadam, Anjum S.
name: Montgomery, M. H.
name: Winget, D. E.
name: Kepler, S. O.
name: Clemens, J. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the observed pulsation spectra of all known non-interacting ZZ Ceti stars (hydrogen atmosphere white dwarf variables; DAVs) and examine changes in their pulsation properties across the instability strip. We confirm the well established trend of increasing pulsation period with decreasing effective temperature across the ZZ Ceti instability strip. We do not find a dramatic order of magnitude increase in the number of observed independent modes in ZZ Ceti stars, traversing from the hot to the cool edge of the instability strip; we find that the cool DAVs have one more mode on average compared to the hot DAVs. We confirm the initial increase in pulsation amplitude at the blue edge, and find strong evidence of a decline in amplitude prior to the red edge. We present the first observational evidence that ZZ Ceti stars lose pulsation energy just before pulsations shut down at the empirical red edge of the instability strip.
description: ApJ, in press. (26 pages, 3 figures)
Trade Policy Reforms in the Cereals Sector of the SADC Region: Implications on Food Security
Creators: name: Mutambatsere, Emelly
name: Mutambatsere, Emelly
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Tariff reforms
subject: SADC
subject: cereals markets
subject: GSIM model
subject: welfare effects
subject: trade diversion
subject: food security

description: This study evaluates the welfare implications of tariff reforms in the cereals sector of the SADC region. Applying the global simulation model (GSIM), a multi-country partial equilibrium model, to the cereals industries of thirteen SADC countries, the study computes price and welfare effects of tariff reforms on different economic groups in each coun try, and evaluates responsiveness to external supply shocks. Results indicate that on net, elimination of intra-regional tariffs is welfare reducing for the region - a robust result as ind icated by the sensitivity tests. South Africa emerges as the sole beneficiary of intra-regional tariff elimination, with positive net welfare gains attained through higher producer surplus; whereas the rest of SACU experiences losses in consum er surplus, and the rest of SADC experiences losses in produ cer surplus. Imports from the rest of the world drop for most netimporter SADC countries, whereas trade with the SADC region generally increases, indicating that both trade diversion and trade creation result from these tariff reforms. The negative net welfare effects suggest that the trade diversion effects exceed the trade creation effects for most of SADC. Larger, positive welfare effects are expected for all of SADC, except South Africa and Zimbabwe, when countries implement indiscriminate reform of MFN tariff rates, although gains come at major costs to regional producers. Imports from both the region and the world are also expected to increase. Tariff reforms also seem to serve the purpose of spreading price and quantity risk, albeit meagerly, from supply shocks generated within the region, making it less intense in countries of origin, and more intense for the rest of SADC.
Supersymmetric Extensions of Calogero--Moser--Sutherland like Models: Construction and Some Solutions
Creators: name: Kohler, Heiner
name: Guhr, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81U15

description: We introduce a new class of models for interacting particles. Our construction is based on Jacobians for the radial coordinates on certain superspaces. The resulting models contain two parameters determining the strengths of the interactions. This extends and generalizes the models of the Calogero--Moser--Sutherland type for interacting particles in ordinary spaces. The latter ones are included in our models as special cases. Using results which we obtained previously for spherical functions in superspaces, we obtain various properties and some explicit forms for the solutions. We present physical interpretations. Our models involve two kinds of interacting particles. One of the models can be viewed as describing interacting electrons in a lower and upper band of a one--dimensional semiconductor. Another model is quasi--two--dimensional. Two kinds of particles are confined to two different spatial directions, the interaction contains dipole--dipole or tensor forces.
description: 21 pages, 4 figures
Potential Impacts of Golden Rice on Public Health in India
Creators: name: Stein, Alexander J.
name: Sachdev, H.P.S.
name: Qaim, Matin
name: Stein, Alexander J.
name: Sachdev, H.P.S.
name: Qaim, Matin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Golden Rice
subject: vitamin A deficiency
subject: biofortification
subject: genetic engineering
subject: DALYs
subject: cost-effectiveness analysis
subject: India

description: Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) affects millions of people world-wide, causing serious health problems. Golden Rice (GR), which has been genetically engineered to produce beta-carotene, is being proposed as a remedy. While this new technology has aroused controversial debates, its nutritional impact and cost-effectiveness remain unclear. We determine the current burden of VAD in India from a public health perspective,and simulate the potential alleviating impact of GR using representative household food consumption data. Given broad public support, GR could more than halve the overall burden of VAD. Juxtaposing health benefits and overall costs suggests that GR is very costeffective.
Additional file 2 of Associations of childhood exposure to malaria with cognition and behavior outcomes: a systematic review protocol
Creators: name: Ssemata, Andrew Sentoogo
name: Jacquelline Ann Nakitende
name: Kizito, Simon
name: Whipple, Elizabeth C.
name: Bangirana, Paul
name: Noeline Nakasujja
name: Chandy C. John
name: McHenry, Megan S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2:Table 1. Inclusion and exclusion criteria. Table 2. Low and middle income countries based on the 2020 World Bank criteria (The World Bank. How does the World Bank classify countries New York: The World Bank; 2020 [cited 2020 30th April 2020]. Available from: https://datahelpdesk.worldbank.org/knowledgebase/articles/378834-how-does-the-world-bank-classify-countries ). Table 3. Standardized tools and outcome measures for cognition and behaviour domains. Table 4: Data extraction/data charting tool
Powderday: Dust Radiative Transfer for Galaxy Simulations
Creators: name: Narayanan, Desika
name: Turk, Matthew J.
name: Robitaille, Thomas
name: Kelly, Ashley J.
name: McClellan, B. Connor
name: Sharma, Ray S.
name: Garg, Prerak
name: Abruzzo, Matthew
name: Choi, Ena
name: Conroy, Charlie
name: Johnson, Benjamin D.
name: Kimock, Benjamin
name: Li, Qi
name: Lovell, Christopher C.
name: Lower, Sidney
name: Privon, George C.
name: Roberts, Jonathan
name: Sethuram, Snigdaa
name: Snyder, Gregory F.
name: Thompson, Robert
name: Wise, John H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Powderday, a flexible, fast, open-source dust radiative transfer package designed to interface with galaxy formation simulations. Powderday builds on FSPS population synthesis models, Hyperion dust radiative transfer, and employs yt to interface between different software packages. We include our stellar population synthesis modeling on the fly, which allows for significant run-time flexibility in the assumed stellar physics. We include a model for nebular line emission that can employ either precomputed Cloudy lookup tables (for efficiency), or direct photoionization calculations for all young stars (for flexibility). The dust content follows either observationally-motivated prescriptions, direct modeling from galaxy formation simulations, or a novel approach that includes the dust content via learning-based algorithms from the SIMBA cosmological galaxy formation simulation. AGN can additionally be included via a range of prescriptions. The output of these models are broadband SEDs, as well as filter-convolved images. Powderday is designed to eliminate last-mile efforts by researchers that employ different hydrodynamic galaxy formation models, and seamlessly interfaces with GIZMO, AREPO, GASOLINE, CHANGA, and ENZO. We demonstrate the capabilities of the code via three applications: a model for the star formation rate (SFR) - infrared luminosity relation in galaxies (including the impact of AGN); the impact of circumstellar dust around AGB stars on the mid-infrared emission from galaxy SEDs; and the impact of galaxy inclination angle on dust attenuation laws.
description: Submitted to ApJ; comments welcome
Bound states of an ultracold atom interacting with a set of stationary impurities
Creators: name: Sroczyńska, Marta
name: Idziaszek, Zbigniew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this manuscript we analyse properties of bound states of an atom interacting with a set of static impurities. We begin with the simplest system of a single atom interacting with two static impurities. We consider two types of atom-impurity interaction: (i) zero-range potential represented by regularized delta, (ii) more realistic polarization potential, representing long-range part of the atom-ion interaction. For the former we obtain analytical results for energies of bound states. For the latter we perform numerical calculations based on the application of finite element method. Then, we move to the case of a single atom interacting with one-dimensional (1D) infinite chain of static ions. Such a setup resembles Kronig-Penney model of a 1D crystalline solid, where energy spectrum exhibits band structure behaviour. For this system, we derive analytical results for the band structure of bound states assuming regularized delta interaction, and perform numerical calculations, considering polarization potential to model atom-impurity interaction. Both approaches agree quite well when separation between impurities is much larger than characteristic range of the interaction potential.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures
Gender Policies in Entrepreneurship Development: An Intra-Household Market Analysis
Creators: name: Ayoola, Josephine Bosede
name: Ayoola, Josephine Bosede
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Women entrepreneurship
subject: Non-entrepreneural works
subject: supply curve
subject: demand curve
subject: equilibrium analysis
subject: gender-segregated policies

description: The universal implementation of women empowerment programmes has received analytical attention within the economic theory context . A two-commodity structure of the customary household economy was conceptualized, and analysed under the usual assumptions to describe the nature of the intra-household market for women entrepreneurship. The low-income household system produces two hypothetical commodities namely, Women Entrepreneurship (WE) and Non-Entrepreneurial Works (NEW) which form the main elements of the Stone-Geary type utility function. A system of linear expenditure equation was derived and estimated by regression to yield the empirical parameters of demand curve for WE. while the supply curve was derived based on the traditional production function framework. The results of equilibrium analysis indicate that the demand for women's time to work within the household cumulates at about one month per year. Also analysis gives an insight into the nature of substitution between WE and NEW, It does appear that decision by women to increase their economic output in the household is independent of imputed price of their output, with the implication that gender-segregated policies that promote access of women to land and capital would lead to increased household productivity and income. So also would policies that improve opportunities of women for paid employment help to increase the opportunity cost of their time and consequently to increase the value of their output from entrepreneurial activities in the household.
Identifying an Experimental Two-State Hamiltonian to Arbitrary Accuracy
Creators: name: Cole, Jared H.
name: Schirmer, Sonia G.
name: Greentree, Andrew D.
name: Wellard, Cameron J.
name: Oi, Daniel K. L.
name: Hollenberg, Lloyd C. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Precision control of a quantum system requires accurate determination of the effective system Hamiltonian. We develop a method for estimating the Hamiltonian parameters for some unknown two-state system and providing uncertainty bounds on these parameters. This method requires only one measurement basis and the ability to initialise the system in some arbitrary state which is not an eigenstate of the Hamiltonian in question. The scaling of the uncertainty is studied for large numbers of measurements and found to be proportional to one on the square-root of the number of measurements.
description: Minor corrections, Accepted for publication in Physical Review A
Impact of the CAP Reform on Small-Scaled Grassland Regions in Bavaria, Germany
Creators: name: Roeder, Norbert
name: Kantelhardt, Jochen
name: Kapfer, Martin
name: Roeder, Norbert
name: Kantelhardt, Jochen
name: Kapfer, Martin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: CAP-reform
subject: linear programming
subject: land-market simulation
subject: agent-based modelling
subject: farmers attitude
subject: policy analysis

description: The CAP reform of 2003 will change farmer's business environment in Europe. This paper analyses the impact of the reform on the land use in southern German grassland regions. The assessment will be based on model calculations for two typical grassland regions. Each study area represents one village with its specific farm structure and natural conditions. These regions differ in their excellence with respect to agricultural use. In Southern Germany small to medium sized family farms is the most frequent type of farming. We use a regional land-use model that conceives farms as independent agents aiming at maximum individual utility. Farm agents optimize their farm organisation with the help of a linear-programming algorithm that takes into account natural, economic and personal restrictions. Interactions between farms take place on the land market, which is modelled as an equilibrium market. It becomes clear that the CAP reform of 2003 has various significant consequences with respect to grassland use. In particular the decreasing profitability of dairy farming will relatively promote low-intensive forms of grassland use, including mulching. If some payments (e. g. agri-environmental payments) remain coupled to livestock production area-wide agriculture can be maintained even in marginal areas. Land rents will generally increase in more marginal areas due to the effects of decoupling.
The Large Magellanic Cloud stellar content with SMASH: I. Assessing the stability of the Magellanic spiral arms
Creators: name: Ruiz-Lara, T.
name: Gallart, C.
name: Monelli, M.
name: Nidever, D.
name: Dorta, A.
name: Choi, Y.
name: Olsen, K.
name: Besla, G.
name: Bernard, E. J.
name: Cassisi, S.
name: Massana, P.
name: Noël, N. E. D.
name: Pérez, I.
name: Rusakov, V.
name: Cioni, M. -R. L.
name: Majewski, S. R.
name: van der Marel, R. P.
name: Martínez-Delgado, D.
name: Monachesi, A.
name: Monteagudo, L.
name: Muñoz, R. R.
name: Stringfellow, G. S.
name: Surot, F.
name: Vivas, A. K.
name: Walker, A. R.
name: Zaritsky, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) is the closest and most studied example of an irregular galaxy. Among its principal defining morphological features, its off-centred bar and single spiral arm stand out, defining a whole family of galaxies known as the Magellanic spirals (Sm). These structures are thought to be triggered by tidal interactions and possibly maintained via gas accretion. However, it is still unknown whether they are long-lived stable structures. In this work, by combining photometry that reaches down to the oldest main sequence turn-off in the colour-magnitude diagrams (CMD, up to a distance of $\sim$4.4 kpc from the LMC centre) from the SMASH survey and CMD fitting techniques, we find compelling evidence supporting the long-term stability of the LMC spiral arm, dating the origin of this structure to more than 2~Gyr ago. The evidence suggests that the close encounter between the LMC and the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) that produced the gaseous Magellanic Stream and its Leading Arm (LA) also triggered the formation of the LMC's spiral arm. Given the mass difference between the Clouds and the notable consequences of this interaction, we can speculate that this should have been one of their closest encounters. These results set important constraints on the timing of LMC-SMC collisions, as well as on the physics behind star formation induced by tidal encounters.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in A&A letters
Angular diameter measurements of evolved variables by lunar occultations at 2.2 and 3.8 micron
Creators: name: Mondal, Soumen
name: Chandrasekhar, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the angular diameters of two Mira variables (U Ari and Z Sco), three semiregular (SR) and irregular variables (SW Vir, eta Gem and mu Gem) and a supergiant SR variable (TV Gem) by lunar occultation observations in the near-IR broad K-band (2.2 micron). Lunar occultations of eta Gem and mu Gem were also observed for the first time simultaneously in both the K and L' bands, yielding angular diameters at 2.2 and 3.8 micron. Effective temperatures and linear radii are also derived for all the observed sources and compared with earlier measurements. The mode of pulsation of both Mira and SR sources in our sample is discussed.
description: 31 pages. Accepted in The Astronomical Journal, 2005
Evidence for supernova feedback sustaining gas turbulence in nearby star-forming galaxies
Creators: name: Bacchini, Cecilia
name: Fraternali, Filippo
name: Iorio, Giuliano
name: Pezzulli, Gabriele
name: Marasco, Antonino
name: Nipoti, Carlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that gas in galaxy discs is highly turbulent, but there is much debate on which mechanism can energetically maintain this turbulence. Among the possible candidates, supernova (SN) explosions are likely the primary drivers but doubts remain on whether they can be sufficient in regions of moderate star formation activity, in particular in the outer parts of discs. In this paper, we measure the SN efficiency $η$, namely the fraction of the total SN energy needed to sustain turbulence in galaxies, and verify that SNe can indeed be the sole driving mechanism. The key novelty of our approach is that we take into account the increased turbulence dissipation timescale associated to the flaring in outer regions of gaseous discs. We analyse the distribution and kinematics of HI and CO in 10 nearby star-forming galaxies to obtain the radial profiles of the kinetic energy per unit area, for both the atomic gas and the molecular gas. We use a theoretical model to reproduce the observed energy with the sum of turbulent energy from SNe, as inferred from the observed star formation rate (SFR) surface density, and the gas thermal energy. We find that the observed kinetic energy is remarkably well reproduced by our model across the whole extent of the galactic discs, assuming $η$ constant with the galactocentric radius. Taking into account the uncertainties on the SFR surface density and on the atomic gas phase, we obtain that the median SN efficiencies for our sample of galaxies are $\langle η_\mathrm{atom} \rangle=0.015_{-0.008}^{+0.018}$ for the atomic gas and $\langle η_\mathrm{mol} \rangle = 0.003_{-0.002}^{+0.006}$ for the molecular gas. We conclude that SNe alone can sustain gas turbulence in nearby galaxies with only few percent of their energy and that there is essentially no need for any further source of energy.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures, and 2 appendices; accepted by Astronomy & Astrophysics; abridged abstract
Exploring Dark Energy with SNAP
Creators: name: Aldering, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The accelerating expansion of the Universe is one of the most surprising and potentially profound discoveries of modern cosmology. Measuring the acceleration well enough to meaningfully constrain interesting physical models requires improvements an order of magnitude beyond on-going and near-term experiments. The Supernova/Acceleration Probe (SNAP) has been conceived as a powerful yet simple experiment to use Type Ia supernovae and weak gravitational lensing to reach this level of accuracy. As fundamentally different causes for the acceleration map into very small differences in observational parameters for all relevant cosmological methods, control of systematics is especially important and so has been built into the SNAP mission design from the very beginning.
description: contribution to Wide-Field Imaging from Space conference proceedings
Wastelands Afforestation in Northern India by Cooperatives: A Socio-Economic Evaluation
Creators: name: Kareemulla, Kalakada
name: Samra, J.S.
name: Rizvi, R.H.
name: Munnaram
name: Kareemulla, Kalakada
name: Samra, J.S.
name: Rizvi, R.H.
name: Munnaram
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: common pool resources
subject: environmental evaluation
subject: farmers
subject: micro enterprises
subject: self-help groups

description: India has an estimated area of 129 million ha of wasteland, which can be used for providing sustainable livelihood for millions of rural unemployed. An evaluation of enhancing income and employment generation and environmental externalities due to plantations on wastelands through cooperatives and self-help groups was done. The development process was set up in leased degraded lands in three north Indian states of Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan. The capacity building processes like savings and micro-enterprise skills empowered resource-poor farmers. An internal rate of return of 11.5 to 17.0 % in the phase I of the project imply tangible economic benefits at the end of 17 years, which improved to 13.9 to 20.4 % by including environmental benefits like carbon sequestration, soil conservation, soil salinity reclamation, etc. By extrapolating the trend till the end of 30 years, the estimated IRR increased further. The incremental net return due to afforestation of wastelands ranged between Rs. 2283 and 9514 (US $51 -211) ha-1 yr -1 over the pre-developed status. The organization of stakeholders through cooperative societies for developing plantations on degraded lands and managing them for deriving benefits has demonstrated the viability of these models. The model can be replicated by dovetailing the same with the government schemes like food-for work programme and the recently enacted national rural employment guarantee programme.
Central limit theorem for anomalous scaling due to correlations
Creators: name: Baldovin, Fulvio
name: Stella, Attilio L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a central limit theorem for the probability distribution of the sum of many critically correlated random variables. The theorem characterizes a variety of different processes sharing the same asymptotic form of anomalous scaling and is based on a correspondence with the Lévy-Gnedenko uncorrelated case. In particular, correlated anomalous diffusion is mapped onto Lévy diffusion. Under suitable assumptions, the nonstandard multiplicative structure used for constructing the characteristic function of the total sum allows us to determine correlations of partial sums exclusively on the basis of the global anomalous scaling.
description: The content of this manuscript was presented at the 3rd International Conference "Next Sigma-Phi", Kolymbari - Greece, 13-18 August 2005