cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Modelling and simulation of a commercially available dielectric elastomer actuator
Creators: name: Sohlbach, Lukas
name: Hobbani, Hamza
name: Blase, Chistopher
name: Perez-Peña, Fernando
name: Schmidt, Karsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In order to fully harness the potential of dielectric elastomer actu-ators (DEAs) in soft robots, advanced control methods are need-ed. An important groundwork for this is the development of a control-oriented model that can adequately describe the underly-ing dynamics of a DEA. A common feature of existing models is that always custom-made DEAs were investigated. This makes the modelling process easier, as all specifications and the struc-ture of the actuator are well known. In the case of a commercial actuator, however, only the information from the manufacturer is available and must be checked or completed during the modelling process. The aim of this paper is to explore how a commercial stacked silicone-based DEA can be modelled and how complex the model should be to properly replicate the features of the actu-ator. The static description has demonstrated the suitability of Hooke's law. In the case of dynamic description, it is shown that no viscoelastic model is needed for control-oriented modelling. However, if all features of the DEA are considered, the general-ized Kelvin-Maxwell model with three Maxwell elements shows good results, stability and computational efficiency.
The Transition from Anti-Parallel to Component Magnetic Reconnection
Creators: name: Swisdak, M.
name: Drake, J. F.
name: Shay, M. A.
name: McIlhargey, J. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the transition between anti-parallel and component collisionless magnetic reconnection with 2D particle-in-cell simulations. The primary finding is that a guide field \approx 0.1 times as strong as the asymptotic reconnecting field -- roughly the field strength at which the electron Larmor radius is comparable to the width of the electron current layer -- is sufficient to magnetize the electrons in the vicinity of the x-line, thus causing significant changes to the structure of the electron dissipation region. This implies that great care should be exercised before concluding that magnetospheric reconnection is antiparallel. We also find that even for such weak guide fields strong inward-flowing electron beams form in the vicinity of the magnetic separatrices and Buneman-unstable distribution functions arise at the x-line itself. As in the calculations of {\it Hesse et al.} [2002] and {\it Yin and Winske} [2003], the non-gyrotropic elements of the electron pressure tensor play the dominant role in decoupling the electrons from the magnetic field at the x-line, regardless of the magnitude of the guide field and the associated strong variations in the pressure tensor's spatial structure. Despite these changes, and consistent with previous work, the reconnection rate does not vary appreciably with the strength of the guide field as it changes between 0 and a value equal to the asymptotic reversed field.
description: To be published in JGR
A Reassessment of Agriculture’s Role on the Rural Poverty Reduction Process in Bangladesh
Creators: name: Ahmed, Sharmina
name: Ahmed, Sharmina
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: In 2005, roughly 45% of the total populations of Bangladesh living below the poverty line and of them 53% are rural poor people. Therefore, a significant gain in rural poverty reduction will be crucial for Bangladesh to reach the national poverty reduction target. As 63% of the total employed people engage in some kind of agricultural activities, without pro-poor agricultural growth it is impossible for a country like Bangladesh to reduce poverty. This article attempts to analyse the impact of agricultural growth on rural poverty reduction by using time series analysis in Bangladesh during 1973 to 2003. The study shows that rural poverty reduction is possible by increased agricultural production, for which again efficient spending of government budget and skilled human capital are crucial factors. Also findings suggest that, increased the share of non-farm activities will help to poverty alleviation in rural Bangladesh.
The impact of inaccurate and costly assessment in payments for environmental services
Creators: name: Crowe, Bronwyn
name: White, Benedict
name: Pannell, David J.
name: Crowe, Bronwyn
name: White, Benedict
name: Pannell, David J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: Paying private landholders for environmental services, rather than input-based payments, has been proposed as a way to improve the performance of contracts for conservation agencies. A challenge is that the assessment of environmental services is subjective, raising the question of how assessment accuracy impacts on landholder behaviour and contract design. A model is developed of a contract between a conservation agency and a private landholder for the provision of environmental services. The model is used to estimate the impact of inaccurate and costly assessment on the optimal landholder labour effort and the optimal incentive payment. The model shows that inaccurate and costly assessment reduces the cost-effectiveness of the contract. Application of the model to Western Australian broad acre agriculture suggests that remote assessment by field assessment by a scientist is preferred to remote assessment by satellite. The study also shows the feasibility of contracts for environmental services is potentially dependent on the ability of the conservation agency to observe the landholder's behaviour during the contract.
Nucleons and higher spin baryon resonances: an AdS/QCD configurational entropic incursion
Creators: name: Ferreira, Luiz F.
name: da Rocha, Roldao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Families of $J^P=1/2+$ nucleons (N(939), N(1440), N(1710), N(1880), N(2100), N(2300)) and $J^P=3/2-$ nucleons (N(1520), N(1700), N(1875) and N(2120)) are scrutinized from the point of view of the configurational entropy (CE). The mass spectra of higher $J^P$ resonances in each one of these families are then obtained when configurational-entropic Regge trajectories, that relate the CE of nucleon families to both their $J^P$ spin and also to their experimental mass spectra, are interpolated. The mass spectra of the next generation of nucleon resonances are then compared to already established baryonic states in PDG. Besides the zero temperature case, the finite temperature analysis is also implemented.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures
Climate change policy distortions in the wood and food market
Creators: name: Ajani, Judith
name: Ajani, Judith
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: The widespread shift of Australia’s wood products industry away from native forests to an agricultural regime–wood plantations–has enhanced forestry industry competitiveness. Wood now competes against food for agricultural land, water and other resources (including government support). New plantings have increased substantially since the mid 1990s via plantation managed investment schemes (MIS), arousing protest in the traditional agricultural sector and claims of unfair government policy treatment. This claim is investigated in an analysis that integrates the taxation treatment of plantation MIS with economics and forestry industry knowledge. Three methods are developed, and applied, to estimate the plantation MIS tax-based subsidy. Preliminary estimates indicate a tax-based subsidy to forestry through plantation MIS of between $0.9-1.2 billion over the five years ending 2008. The estimated subsidy is then incorporated in the Productivity Commission’s calculations of the effective rate of assistance (ERA) to industry groups from tariff, budget outlay and tax-based government policy. The ERA to Forestry & logging in 2008 was estimated to be 41.8 per cent: government assistance is equivalent to 42 per cent of Forestry & logging’s unassisted value added. The estimated plantation MIS tax based subsidy accounted for 77 per cent of the assistance. Assistance to Forestry & logging exceeds substantially the assistance (including drought related payments) to food growers: 7.2 per cent to Grain, sheep & beef and 17.3 per cent to Dairy cattle farming (a significant proportion was assistance that ceased in April 2008). A detailed examination of Australia’s proposed climate change policy concerning the land use sector indicates that agricultural resource use distortions created through plantation MIS arrangements are lightly to intensify.
Search for single vector-like $B$ quark production and decay via $B\rightarrow bH(b\bar{b})$ in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search is presented for single production of a vector-like $B$ quark decaying into a Standard Model $b$-quark and a Standard Model Higgs boson, which decays into a $b\bar{b}$ pair. The search is carried out in 139 fb$^{-1}$ of $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV proton-proton collision data collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC between 2015 and 2018. No significant deviation from the Standard Model background prediction is observed, and mass-dependent exclusion limits at the 95% confidence level are set on the resonance production cross-section in several theoretical scenarios determined by the couplings $c_W$, $c_Z$ and $c_H$ between the $B$ quark and the Standard Model $W$, $Z$ and Higgs bosons, respectively. For a vector-like $B$ occurring as an isospin singlet, the search excludes values of $c_W$ greater than 0.45 for a $B$ resonance mass ($m_B$) between 1.0 and 1.2 TeV. For 1.2 TeV < $m_B$ < 2.0 TeV, $c_W$ values larger than 0.50-0.65 are excluded. If the $B$ occurs as part of a $(B,Y)$ doublet, the smallest excluded $c_Z$ coupling values range between 0.3 and 0.5 across the investigated resonance mass range 1.0 TeV < $m_B$ < 2.0 TeV.
description: 52 pages in total, 11 figures, 4 tables, author list starts on page 35, submitted to JHEP. All figures can be found at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/EXOT-2019-04/
Fuzzball geometries and higher derivative corrections for extremal holes
Creators: name: Giusto, Stefano
name: Mathur, Samir D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: 2-charge D1-D5 microstates are described by geometries which end in `caps' near r=0; these caps reflect infalling quanta back in finite time. We estimate the travel time for 3-charge geometries in 4-D, and find agreement with the dual CFT. This agreement supports a picture of `caps' for 3-charge geometries. We argue that higher derivative corrections to such geometries arise from string winding modes. We then observe that the `capped' geometries have no noncontractible circles, so these corrections remain bounded everywhere and cannot create a horizon or singularity.
description: 33 pages, 1 figure, LaTeX; Added references
ИНДУСТРИАЛЬНЫЕ ПАРКИ КАК УСКОРИТЕЛИ РАЗВИТИЯ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОСТИ РЕГИОНОВ УЗБЕКИСТАНА И ФУНДАМЕНТ МЕЖРЕГИОНАЛЬНОЙ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОЙ КООПЕРАЦИИ (СУЩЕСТВУЮЩИЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ВОЗМОЖНЫЕ ПУТИ РЕШЕНИЯ)
Creators: name: Веренин, С.И.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: статья посвящена вопросам создания и деятельности индустриальных парков как площадок для развития межрегиональной кооперации, дается критический анализ существующих проблем невостребованности земельных участков (greenfield) на территории свободных экономических зон в регионах Узбекистана, предлагаются  разработанные автором  подходы по заполнению пустующих земельных участков СЭЗ за счет привлечения прямых иностранных инвестиций в строительство и управление индустриальными парками на территории СЭЗ в регионах Узбекистана за счет поправок в законодательство Республики Узбекистан.
Linkage between World and Domestic Prices of Rice under the regime of Agricultural Trade Liberalization in Bangladesh
Creators: name: Alam, Mohammad Jahangir
name: Buysse, Jeroen
name: McKenzie, Andrew M.
name: Wailes, Eric J.
name: Van Huylenbroeck, Guido
name: Alam, Mohammad Jahangir
name: Buysse, Jeroen
name: McKenzie, Andrew M.
name: Wailes, Eric J.
name: Van Huylenbroeck, Guido
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Market integration
subject: Domestic price
subject: World price
subject: Error correction model

description: The paper examines the relationship between the world market and domestic market prices of rice for Bangladesh in the regime of agricultural trade liberalization. The long run price relationship information is an important piece of information for the policy makers in formulating domestic polices and negotiating trade policies at the international level. The monthly data used for this study are taken from different sources, the Food outlook, FAO and Global Information and Early Warning System, FAO and the Bangladesh Bank for the period June 1998 to July 2007. Both Engle-Granger bi-variate and Johansen multivariate cointegration tests were used for the results sensitivity. We sequentially proceed to estimate the standard error correction model. The results showed that there is a long run equilibrium relationship between the world and the domestic prices and the relationship is uni-directional, meaning that, the domestic prices adjust to the world prices but not vice-versa. So the policy to ensure food security (via food price stability and price risk management) should be carefully designed as the movement of the world market price is higher and distorted and many consumers depend on the markets for their food, especially in the case of Bangladesh.
Phase Conversion After a Chiral Transition: Effects from Inhomogeneities and Finite Size
Creators: name: Fraga, Eduardo S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the kinetics of phase conversion, through the nucleation of bubbles and spinodal decomposition, after a chiral transition within an effective field theory approach to low-energy QCD. We study possible effects resulting from the finite size of the expanding system for both the initial and the late-stage growth of domains, as well as those effects due to inhomogeneities in the chiral field which act as a background for the fermionic motion.
description: 6 pages, to appear in the proceedings of SEWM04, Helsinki, June 16-19, 2004
Probabilistic Multi-Step-Ahead Short-Term Water Demand Forecasting with Lasso
Creators: name: Kley-Holsteg, Jens
name: Ziel, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Econometrics (econ.EM)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Water demand is a highly important variable for operational control and decision making. Hence, the development of accurate forecasts is a valuable field of research to further improve the efficiency of water utilities. Focusing on probabilistic multi-step-ahead forecasting, a time series model is introduced, to capture typical autoregressive, calendar and seasonal effects, to account for time-varying variance, and to quantify the uncertainty and path-dependency of the water demand process. To deal with the high complexity of the water demand process a high-dimensional feature space is applied, which is efficiently tuned by an automatic shrinkage and selection operator (lasso). It allows to obtain an accurate, simple interpretable and fast computable forecasting model, which is well suited for real-time applications. The complete probabilistic forecasting framework allows not only for simulating the mean and the marginal properties, but also the correlation structure between hours within the forecasting horizon. For practitioners, complete probabilistic multi-step-ahead forecasts are of considerable relevance as they provide additional information about the expected aggregated or cumulative water demand, so that a statement can be made about the probability with which a water storage capacity can guarantee the supply over a certain period of time. This information allows to better control storage capacities and to better ensure the smooth operation of pumps. To appropriately evaluate the forecasting performance of the considered models, the energy score (ES) as a strictly proper multidimensional evaluation criterion, is introduced. The methodology is applied to the hourly water demand data of a German water supplier.
description: accepted for publication in ASCE's Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management. Kley-Holsteg, J., Ziel, F.. Forthcoming. "Probabilistic multi-step-ahead short-term water demand forecasting with lasso." Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0001268
Electric field control of phonon angular momentum in perovskite BaTiO$_3$
Creators: name: Moseni, Kevin
name: Wilson, Richard B
name: Coh, Sinisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find that in BaTiO$_3$ the phonon angular momentum is dominantly pointing in directions perpendicular to the electrical polarization. Therefore, external electric field in ferroelectric BaTiO$_3$ does not control only the direction of electrical polarization, but also the direction of phonon angular momentum. This finding opens up the possibility for electric-field control of physical phenomena that rely on phonon angular momentum. We construct an intuitive model, based on our first-principles calculations, that captures the origin of the relationship between phonon angular momentum and electric polarization.
Measuring Market Power in the UK Retail Salmon Industry
Creators: name: Fofana, Abdulai
name: Jaffry, Shabbar
name: Fofana, Abdulai
name: Jaffry, Shabbar
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Market power
subject: Error correction model
subject: Dynamic demand systems
subject: salmon

description: This paper presents an investigation into the market structure for three product types of salmon (smoked, fresh and whole salmon) in the UK retail market. Evidence of the potential for market power and pricing conduct is analysed using structural simultaneous system equations based on the Bresnahan (1982) model. The importance of the retail market is recognised given the dominance of supermarket chains which accounted for £1.6 billion sales of seafood and the share of about 87% of all seafood retail sales in 2004 as compared with only 16% in 1988. The results indicate that the system is well represented by the models and that the market is competitive for fresh fillets and whole salmon but retailers exert some market power for smoked salmon. The hypothesis that market power is the same for all three products in the study was rejected; further indicating that retailers may be exercising market power for smoked salmon.
Measurement of the production cross section for a W boson in association with a charm quark in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The strange quark content of the proton is probed through the measurement of the production cross section for a W boson and a charm (c) quark in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The analysis uses a data sample corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 138 fb$^{-1}$ collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. The W bosons are identified through their leptonic decays to an electron or a muon, and a neutrino. Charm jets are tagged using the presence of a muon or a secondary vertex inside the jet. The W+c production cross section and the cross section ratio $R^\pm_\text{c}$ = $σ$(W$^+$+$\bar{\text{c}}$) / $σ$(W$^-$+$\text{c}$) are measured inclusively and differentially as functions of the transverse momentum and the pseudorapidity of the lepton originating from the W boson decay. The precision of the measurements is improved with respect to previous studies, reaching 1% in $R^\pm_\text{c}$. The precision of the measurements is improved with respect to previous studies, reaching 1% in $R^\pm_\text{c}$ = 0.950 $\pm$ 0.005 (stat) $\pm$ 0.010 (syst). The measurements are compared with theoretical predictions up to next-to-next-to-leading order in perturbative quantum chromodynamics.
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/SMP-21-005 (CMS Public Pages)
The Classical Stability Of The Ghost Condensate
Creators: name: Anisimov, Alexey
name: Vikman, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss classical stability of the cosmological mechanism which is responsible for the ghost condensation. We show that the simplest general covariant effective action which includes two covariant derivatives may lead to an overshoot of the condensation point into the regime, where the model becomes classically unstable. The model exhibits this behaviour for the de Sitter and matter dominated universes when the initial values taken to be in the region of validity of the low-energy effective theory. In the matter dominated case there is a finite time (which can be large enough to exceed the present age of the Universe) during which the model remains in the stable region. In inflationary regime the system does not experience an overshoot only if the Hubble parameter is larger than the characteristic energy scale of the effective field theory (EFT). This latter regime is, however, inconsistent with the EFT description at the condensation point. We discuss the limitations of the use of the truncated action and point out how one can avoid problems due to the overshoot in order to have a viable ghost condensation mechanism.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures Added references, one figure and additional discussion
Improving the Accuracy of UK Regulatory Cost Estimates
Creators: name: MacLeod, Michael J.
name: Moran, Dominic
name: Harrington, Winston
name: Lago, Manuel
name: Morgenstern, Richard D.
name: MacLeod, Michael J.
name: Moran, Dominic
name: Harrington, Winston
name: Lago, Manuel
name: Morgenstern, Richard D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Public Economics

description: UK Government departments are required to undertake a Regulatory Impact Assessment (RIA) when introducing any policy change that places a burden on businesses, charities, the voluntary sector or individuals. Part of this assessment involves the appraisal of the costs (and benefits) associated with complying with all the available options, as well as the wider economic costs. Recent evidence has suggested that the compliance costs, when assessed ex post, tend to be lower than the ex ante assessment made beforehand (see e.g. Harrington et al 1999). Accurate cost estimates are important as errors can lead to under or over regulation. This, in turn, can result in growth and innovation being hindered or, in the case of under regulation, growth being achieved at the expense of the natural resource base (including human health and well being). In order to shed more light on the validity of RIA cost estimates and identify ways of improving their accuracy, Defra decided to commission a study comparing the ex ante and ex post costs of complying with regulatory changes. A total of eight case studies were carried out for this study, covering a range of recent environmental, agricultural and food-related regulations in the UK. Preliminary findings of this study indicate that while ex ante costs are often overestimated, there can also be significant underestimates. Reasons for errors in cost estimation are discussed and strategies for improving their accuracy suggested.
Supplementary figures from The evolution of paternal care: a role for microbes?
Creators: name: Gurevich, Yael
name: Lewin-Epstein, Ohad
name: Hadany, Lilach
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Paternal care, particularly in cases of uncertain paternity, carries significant costs. Extensive research, both theoretical and experimental, has explored the conditions in which paternal care behaviour would be favoured. Common explanations include an adjustment of care with uncertainty in paternity and limited accuracy in parentage assessment. Here, we propose a new explanation that microbes may play a role in the evolution of paternal care among their hosts. Using computational models, we demonstrate that microbes associated with increased paternal care could be favoured by natural selection. We find that microbe-induced paternal care could evolve under wider conditions than suggested by genetic models. Moreover, we show that microbe-induced paternal care is more likely to evolve when considering paternal care interactions that increase microbial transmission, such as feeding and grooming. Our results imply that factors affecting the composition of host microbiome may also alter paternal behaviour.This article is part of the theme issue ‘The role of the microbiome in host evolution’.
Predicting Group Choices from Group Profiles
Creators: name: Emamgholizadeh, Hanif
name: Delic, Amra
name: Ricci, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Group recommender systems (GRSs) identify items to recommend to a group of people by aggregating group members' individual preferences into a group profile, and selecting the items that have the largest score in the group profile. The GRS predicts that these recommendations would be chosen by the group, by assuming that the group is applying the same preference aggregation strategy as the one adopted by the GRS. However, predicting the choice of a group is more complex since the GRS is not aware of the exact preference aggregation strategy that is going to be used by the group.
 To this end, the aim of this paper is to validate the research hypothesis that, by using a machine learning approach and a data set of observed group choices, it is possible to predict a group's final choice, better than by using a standard preference aggregation strategy. Inspired by the Decision Scheme theory, which first tried to address the group choice prediction problem, we search for a group profile definition that, in conjunction with a machine learning model, can be used to accurately predict a group choice. Moreover, to cope with the data scarcity problem, we propose two data augmentation methods, which add synthetic group profiles to the training data, and we hypothesize they can further improve the choice prediction accuracy.
 We validate our research hypotheses by using a data set containing 282 participants organized in 79 groups. The experiments indicate that the proposed method outperforms baseline aggregation strategies when used for group choice prediction. The method we propose is robust with the presence of missing preference data and achieves a performance superior to what humans can achieve on the group choice prediction task. Finally, the proposed data augmentation method can also improve the prediction accuracy.
The Human Condition, A Structured Perspective on Freedom, Meaning, and Intelligence
Creators: name: Bostick, Devin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: Philosophy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Sociology

description: 1. Expanded CODES Framework (Empirical Studies + Theory)

🔹 CODES: The Chirality of Dynamic Emergent Systems (Main Paper)

2. Introduction & High-Level Overview

🔹 CODES: High-Level Introduction

3. Structured Resonance & Emergent Intelligence

🔹 Structured Resonance and the Nature of Intelligence

 

Abstract

 

The human condition has been historically defined by its tensions—between freedom and determinism, individuality and society, logic and emotion, meaning and absurdity. Philosophers from Hannah Arendt to Erich Fromm have examined these conflicts, but their resolution has remained elusive.

This paper introduces structured resonance as a framework to unify human experience, integrating insights from existentialism, political philosophy, psychology, and structured intelligence. By treating human contradictions not as inherent flaws but as phase-misaligned structures, we can move beyond traditional paradoxes and into a framework of adaptive coherence.

Through this model, we explore:

1. Freedom and Constraint – How autonomy and structure co-emerge in human society.

2. Alienation and Belonging – Why modern disconnection is a systemic rather than an individual failure.

3. Power and Intelligence – The structured relationship between authority, creativity, and emergent systems.

4. Technology and the Self – The rise of artificial intelligence as both an extension and a distortion of human agency.

5. Love and Wisdom – The highest form of structured intelligence and the resolution of existential despair.

By reframing human contradictions as emergent dynamics, we can structure an applied philosophy of human freedom that is neither deterministic nor purely individualistic—a balance of adaptability, agency, and coherence.
When Government Spending Serves the Elites: Consequences for Economic Growth in a Context of Market Imperfections
Creators: name: Lopez, Ramon E.
name: Islam, Asif M.
name: Lopez, Ramon E.
name: Islam, Asif M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Political Economy
subject: Public Economics
subject: government spending
subject: economic growth
subject: market imperfections
subject: investment
subject: subsidies

description: Government spending should be regarded as a social and political phenomenon, not merely as a technical choice. We argue that there is an implicit contract between the organized elites and politicians which often leads to a pro-elite allocation of public resources. A natural and simple taxonomy of government spending follows from this view: spending in public goods broadly defined which mitigate market failures versus spending in non-social subsidies, mainly a vehicle to serve the elites. We theoretically and empirically show that pro-elite spending biases are costly in terms of economic growth. The empirical findings are exceptionally robust.
Habituation to contaminants : impact of threatening imagery
Creators: name: Dorfan, Nicole Michelle
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Habituation of fear is widely studied by both researchers and clinicians. One type of fear prevalent among adults is the fear of contamination. Predominant theoretical models relevant to contamination fears focus on the role of maladaptive cognitions in the development and maintenance of anxiety disorders. However, there is a paucity of research evaluating the impact of maladaptive cognitions on habituation to phobic stimuli. The current study examined the effect of three types of imagery (looming harm, static harm, and safety) on habituation to a contaminant in a normal college sample. Both static harm and looming harm imagery were expected to retard habituation compared with safety imagery. In addition, looming imagery was expected to impede habituation above and beyond the effects of static harm, in line with the theory of looming vulnerability. Results indicated that distress ratings for participants in the looming harm condition sensitized over time, whereas distress diminished in the static harm and safety groups. Thus, looming imagery may explain why some individuals experience lingering feelings of contamination after exposure, while others recover relatively quickly. In addition, cognitions and imagery regarding movement of phobic objects may be detrimental to those engaging in exposure therapy for anxiety disorders such as obsessive compulsive disorder.
Characterizing nuclear modification effects in high-energy O-O collisions at energies available at the CERN Large Hadron Collider: A transport model perspective
Creators: name: Behera, Debadatta
name: Deb, Suman
name: Singh, Captain R.
name: Sahoo, Raghunath
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present work focuses on Oxygen-Oxygen (O-O) collisions, which are planned at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. Oxygen, being a doubly magic number nucleus, has some very unique features. This study attempts to probe the exotic state of QCD matter in O-O collisions. Additionally, the role of different nuclear density profiles in governing the final state dynamics in ultra-relativistic nuclear collisions is also explored. Using a multi-phase transport model, we obtain the nuclear modification factor ($\textit R_{\textit {AA}}$) for all charged hadrons and identified particles for O-O collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}$ = 7 TeV. Furthermore, we investigate the behavior of $\textit R_{\textit {AA}}$ as a function of transverse momentum ($\textit{p}_{\rm{T}}$) for three centralities (most central, mid-central, and peripheral) considering both $α$-cluster and Woods-Saxon nuclear density profiles. We also extend this work to study the rapidity dependence of $\textit R_{\textit {AA}}$ for all charged hadrons. To better understand our findings of O-O collisions, the results are confronted with the available data of $\textit R_{\textit {AA}}$ for Pb-Pb collisions. The present study sheds light on particle production mechanisms, emphasizing factors influencing particle yield from pre-collision to post-collision stages in the context of O-O collisions.
description: Same as the published version in Phys. Rev. C
Luminous X-ray Flares from Low Mass X-ray Binary Candidates in the Early-Type Galaxy NGC 4697
Creators: name: Sivakoff, Gregory R.
name: Sarazin, Craig L.
name: Jordan, Andres
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report results of the first search specifically targeting short-timescale X-ray flares from low-mass X-ray binaries in an early-type galaxy. A new method for flare detection is presented. In NGC 4697, the nearest, optically luminous, X-ray faint elliptical galaxy, 3 out of 157 sources are found to display flares at >99.95% probability, and all show more than one flare. Two sources are coincident with globular clusters and show flare durations and luminosities similar to (but larger than) Type-I X-ray superbursts found in Galactic neutron star (NS) X-ray binaries (XRBs). The third source shows more extreme flares. Its flare luminosity (~6E39 erg/s) is very super-Eddington for an NS and is similar to the peak luminosities of the brightest Galactic black hole (BH) XRBs. However, the flare duration (~70 s) is much shorter than are typically seen for outbursts reaching those luminosities in Galactic BH sources. Alternative models for the flares are considered.
description: Astrophysical Journal Letters, accepted: 4 pages
Employment Growth in the Rural South: Do Sectors Matter?
Creators: name: Bukenya, James O.
name: Bukenya, James O.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Labor and Human Capital

description: The paper contributes to the understanding of the role of economic sectors in employment growth by examining the extent to which sectoral employment influence employment development in the rural southeast United States over the period 1970 through 2007. The analysis employs two specifications of OLS regression to understand the role of economic sectors in employment growth processes. The first specification (number of jobs) explained approximately 36 percent of the variability in employment growth while the second specification (number of enterprises) explained roughly 43 percent of the variability over the studied period. Overall, the results suggest that although the share and the social role of agriculture are shrinking in almost all rural areas, agriculture is still an important sector in rural employment growth.
Search for vector-boson resonances decaying into a top quark and a bottom quark using $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for a new massive charged gauge boson, $W'$, is performed with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The dataset used in this analysis was collected from proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s} =13$ TeV, and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb$^{-1}$. The reconstructed $tb$ invariant mass is used to search for a $W'$ boson decaying into a top quark and a bottom quark. The result is interpreted in terms of a $W'$ boson with purely right-handed or left-handed chirality in a mass range of 0.5-6 TeV. Different values for the coupling of the $W'$ boson to the top and bottom quarks are considered, taking into account interference with single-top-quark production in the $s$-channel. No significant deviation from the background prediction is observed. The results are expressed as upper limits on the $W' \rightarrow tb$ production cross-section times branching ratio as a function of the $W'$-boson mass and in the plane of the coupling vs the $W'$-boson mass.
description: 60 pages in total, author list starting page 43, 14 figures, and 6 tables. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/EXOT-2021-36
Measurements of the magnetic field induced by a turbulent flow of liquid metal
Creators: name: Nornberg, M. D.
name: Spence, E. J.
name: Kendrick, R. D.
name: Jacobson, C. M.
name: Forest, C. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Initial results from the Madison Dynamo Experiment provide details of the inductive response of a turbulent flow of liquid sodium to an applied magnetic field. The magnetic field structure is reconstructed from both internal and external measurements. A mean toroidal magnetic field is induced by the flow when an axial field is applied, thereby demonstrating the omega effect. Poloidal magnetic flux is expelled from the fluid by the poloidal flow. Small-scale magnetic field structures are generated by turbulence in the flow. The resulting magnetic power spectrum exhibits a power-law scaling consistent with the equipartition of the magnetic field with a turbulent velocity field. The magnetic power spectrum has an apparent knee at the resistive dissipation scale. Large-scale eddies in the flow cause significant changes to the instantaneous flow profile resulting in intermittent bursts of non-axisymmetric magnetic fields, demonstrating that the transition to a dynamo is not smooth for a turbulent flow.
description: 9 pages, 11 figures, invited talk by C. B. Forest at 2005 APS DPP meeting, resubmitted to Physics of Plasmas
Unveiling Memorization in Code Models
Creators: name: Yang, Zhou
name: Zhao, Zhipeng
name: Wang, Chenyu
name: Shi, Jieke
name: Kim, Dongsun
name: Han, DongGyun
name: Lo, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The availability of large-scale datasets, advanced architectures, and powerful computational resources have led to effective code models that automate diverse software engineering activities. The datasets usually consist of billions of lines of code from both open-source and private repositories. A code model memorizes and produces source code verbatim, which potentially contains vulnerabilities, sensitive information, or code with strict licenses, leading to potential security and privacy issues. This paper investigates an important problem: to what extent do code models memorize their training data? We conduct an empirical study to explore memorization in large pre-trained code models. Our study highlights that simply extracting 20,000 outputs (each having 512 tokens) from a code model can produce over 40,125 code snippets that are memorized from the training data. To provide a better understanding, we build a taxonomy of memorized contents with 3 categories and 14 subcategories. The results show that the prompts sent to the code models affect the distribution of memorized contents. We identify several key factors of memorization. Specifically, given the same architecture, larger models suffer more from memorization problems. A code model produces more memorization when it is allowed to generate longer outputs. We also find a strong positive correlation between the number of an output's occurrences in the training data and that in the generated outputs, which indicates that a potential way to reduce memorization is to remove duplicates in the training data. We then identify effective metrics that infer whether an output contains memorization accurately. We also make suggestions to deal with memorization.
description: 13 pages, Camera-Ready Version that will appear in ICSE 2024
AN ASSESSMENT OF DYNAMIC BEHAVIOR IN THE U.S. CATFISH MARKET: AN APPLICATION OF THE GENERALIZED DYNAMIC ROTTERDAM MODEL
Creators: name: Muhammad, Andrew
name: Jones, Keithly G.
name: Muhammad, Andrew
name: Jones, Keithly G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Dynamic
subject: Rotterdam model
subject: catfish
subject: demand
subject: partial adjustment

description: Dynamic demand systems have been employed in a number of studies to account for habit formation and inventory adjustments in demand. Few studies have attempted to provide a theoretical foundation for the dynamic demand structures employed. Recently, Bushehri (2003) showed how a generalized dynamic Rotterdam model could be derived from the neoclassical intertemporal utility maximization problem; however, no empirical application is provided in his study. This paper provides an empirical application of the generalized dynamic Rotterdam model to the demand for processed catfish products in the U.S. The two-period dynamic Rotterdam model explained a significant amount of the variation in U.S. catfish demand and was preferred to the one-period and static models. Estimates suggest that buyers adjust short-run inventories such that the past sales negatively affect current sales. Given inventory adjustment behavior, demand was relatively more inelastic in the long-run.
Quark Model Perspectives on Pentaquark Exotics
Creators: name: Maltman, Kim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Expectations and predictions for pentaquark exotics based on the quark model perspective are presented. Recent quark model scenarios, and calculations performed in different realizations of the quark model approach, up to the end of March 2004, are also reviewed and discussed.
description: 12 pages, Invited Talk, Workshop on the Physics of Excited Nucleons (NSTAR 2004), Grenoble, France, March 24-27, 2004
Impact of the FSRIA of 2002 on Texas Agriculture
Creators: name: Sartwelle, James D.
name: Klose, Steven L.
name: Outlaw, Joe L.
name: Anderson, David P.
name: Richardson, James W.
name: Sartwelle, James D.
name: Klose, Steven L.
name: Outlaw, Joe L.
name: Anderson, David P.
name: Richardson, James W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: The recently passed (and awaiting presidential signature) Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 includes many changes in current farm programs. The farm bill is expected to have a large impact on Texas producers’ bottom lines. This report provides estimates of the impacts of the farm bill on Texas crop producers for the 2002-2003 crop year. These results should be considered preliminary. A full, in-depth study of the 2002 FSRIA is underway at this time. Results of that study should be available by early June. Producer returns are presented as coupled and decoupled returns. Coupled returns include market receipts and government payments in the form of loan deficiency payments or marketing loan gains. They are termed coupled because they are received for current production. Decoupled returns include counter-cyclical payments and direct (fixed or AMTA) payments. Producers are eligible for these payments regardless of whether they produce or not.
Large Scale Geometry of 4-dimensional Closed Nonpositively Curved Real Analytic Manifolds
Creators: name: Hindawi, Mohamad A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C20 (Primary); 20F67, 20F69 (Secondary)

description: We study the asymptotic cones of the universal covering spaces of closed 4-dimensional nonpositively curved real analytic manifolds. We show that the existence of nonstandard components in the Tits boundary, discovered by Christoph Hummel and Victor Schroeder, depends only on the quasi-isometry type of the fundamental group.
description: 13 pages; Minor changes. To appear in International Mathematics Research Notices (IMRN)