cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Pâturage ovin en vergers : Pistes d'accompagnement au développement de la pratique à l'échelle du territoire de la Communauté de Communes du Val de Drôme. Fiche Technique ECORCE n°6
Creators: name: Chevalier, Elise
name: Cugniet, Chloé
Publisher: name: FiBL France
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Agriculture
subject: Fruit growing
subject: Animal husbandry
subject: Public policies

description: Cette fiche technique retrace des données et des informations collectées dans le cadre du projet ECORCE. Elle présente :

la façon dont sont organisés les systèmes pratiquant le pâturage en verger dans la vallée de la Drôme

la façon dont les territoires peuvent jouer un rôle pour contribuer au développement de cette pratique

des pistes concrètes sur lesquelles la vallée de la Drôme pourrait s’investir.
title: #20 Wirtschaft und Menschenrechte
Creators: name: Tuchtfeld, Erik
name: Lischewski, Isabel
name: Eschenhagen, Philipp
name: Schuberth, Sophie
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst für internationale und interdisziplinäre Rechtsforschung
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 341

description: Multinationale Unternehmen werden immer mächtiger und steigern ihre Profite, auch in Zeiten von Krieg, Klima- und Coronakrise. Was bedeutet diese Macht für die Geltung der universalen Menschenrechte? Wie lässt sich diese Macht rechtlich einhegen und ist die liberale Rechtsordnung dazu geeignet? Philipp hat über diese Fragen und aktuelle Fälle mit Michael Bader, Bertha Justice Fellow am ECCHR, gesprochen. Isabel erklärt im Grundlagenteil die UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights und was diese mit Katzen zu tun haben. Wir freuen uns über Lob, Anmerkungen und Kritik an podcast@voelkerrechtsblog.org. Abonniert unseren Podcast via RSS, über Spotify oder überall dort, wo es Podcasts gibt. Es gibt nun die Möglichkeit, auf diesen Plattformen den Völkerrechtspodcast zu bewerten, wir freuen uns sehr über 5 Sterne! Hintergrundinformationen: UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights Business and Human Rights Resource Centre The Corporation (Film) Peter Muchlinski, Multinational Enterprises and the Law (OUP 2021) Grietje Baars, The Corporation, Law and Capitalism (Brill 2019) Moderation: Philipp Eschenhagen & Erik Tuchtfeld Grundlagen: Isabel Lischewski Interview: Michael Bader & Philipp Eschenhagen Schnitt: Daniela Rau Credits: Hubertus Heil, Sorgfaltspflichten in Lieferketten, Bundestag, 11. Juni 2021) John Ruggie, Business and Human Rights Panel, OHCHR, 29. Juni 2021
description: Völkerrechtsblog
The Relative Income Theory of Consumption: A Synthetic Keynes-Duesenberry-Friedman Model
Creators: name: Palley, Thomas I.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2008

description: This paper presents a theoretical model of consumption behavior that synthesizes the seminal contributions of Keynes (1936), Friedman (1956) and Duesenberry (1948). The model is labeled a “relative permanent income” theory of consumption. The key feature is that the share of permanent income devoted to consumption is a negative function of household relative permanent income. The model generates patterns of consumption spending consistent with both long-run time series data and modern empirical findings that high-income households have a higher propensity to save. It also explains why consumption inequality is less than income inequality.
title: Papers of Pacific Colonial Pasts: A visit to the national archives in Samoa
Creators: name: Hütten, Julia
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst für internationale und interdisziplinäre Rechtsforschung
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: archives, colonial history, colonial law, customary law, Pacific history, Samoa, Samoan history
subject: 340

description: A researcher’s experience visiting an archive in Samoa with holdings from the German colonial period.
description: Legal History Insights
Credit Access, the Costs of Credit and Credit Market Discrimination
Creators: name: Weller, Christian E.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2008

description: Since the early 1990s, credit expanded relative to income, especially after 2001. It is hypothesized that traditionally uneven credit access and gaps in the costs of credit by demographic characteristics shrank during this period. Relying on data from the Federal Reserve’s Survey of Consumer Finance, this study looks at financial constraints, the costs of credit and a number of contributions to the costs of credit, including sources and types of loans. The results indicate that taste-based discrimination and structural discrimination may have persisted and possibly increased over time. Gaps in credit access and costs of credit have widened by race, remained high by income, but shrank by ethnicity. Part of the overall differences in credit access was a varying reliance on professional information when making decisions on debt.
Financial Globalization and Labor: Employee Shareholding or Labor Regression?
Creators: name: Peralta, Nacho Álvarez
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2008

description: In this work we intend to review from a critical perspective the ‘patrimonial capitalism’ approach, as well as its analysis of wage-labor transformations in developed economies during the last thirty years. For this purpose, we take the economies of France and the United States as study cases.
According to this approach (developed by the French Regulation School and other adjacent authors), patrimonial financialization of working households has involved a radical transformation of the wage-labor nexus, paradigmatically exemplified by the concept of employee shareholding. We will try to point out what we consider weaknesses of this approach, theoretical as well as empirical.
Furthermore, we focus on an alternative interpretation that characterizes the nature of wage-labor nexus transformation in the French and US economies as a wage adjustment. This wage adjustment, as we observe in our work, is the result of the neoliberal policies developed to restore capital profitability after the crisis of the 1970s, and has caused an erosion of salary and social conquests attained by labor after the Second World War. Finances have acted as a lever of social reorganization among classes to achieve the objective of profitability recovery.
Interest Rate Smoothing and Macroeconomic Instability under Post-Capital Account Liberalization Turkey
Creators: name: Cömert, Hasan
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2008

description: We study how the interest rate policy of the Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey (CBRT) has evolved under the post-financial liberalization and deregulation era.  Utilizing econometric methods on a generalized form of a Taylor Rule we search for the possible revelation of a variety of determinants of monetary policy with different objectives over 1994-2007.  We find that over such an extended time horizon during which significant shifts in the macroeconomic environment have occurred, the CBRT’s almost exclusive focus on “interest rate smoothing” has not changed; and that the CBRT has not paid any attention to developments in national income.  This raises the question whether there is a deeper underlying structural constraint, binding the CBRT’s alleged “independence”.  We trace the basics of this deep structural constraint to the nature of the global financial system restricting the ability of the central banks to pursue “independent” policy objectives.
By What Measure? A Comparison of French and U.S. Labor Market Performance with New Indicators of Employment Adequacy
Creators: name: Howell, David R.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2008

description: This paper compares U.S. and French performance with three indicators of employment
performance designed to account of job quality, measured by the incidence of low wages
and involuntary part-time employment. From each country’s main household survey for
1993-2005 by age, gender and education group, we calculate: 1) the low-wage share of
employment; 2) the underemployed (low-wage, unemployed and involuntary part-time)
share of the labor force; and 3) the adequately employed (not low paid and not involuntary
part-time) share of the working age population. France shows vastly superior performance
on all three indicators, especially for less-educated workers, and the French advantage has
grown substantially since the late 1990s. These results indicate that accounting for adequate
pay and hours of work has large effects on the assessment of cross-country labor market
performance. We recommend that indicators such as these, and not just the unemployment
rate, should have a central place in discussions of national labor market reform.
The Use of Regression in Streamlined Life Cycle Assessment
Creators: name: Proc. ISSST
name: Hanes, Rebecca
name: Bhavik R. Bakshi
name: Goel, Prem K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: Environmental Science

description: The amount of time, effort and data required to conduct a thorough and accurate life cycle assessment presents a formidable obstacle to LCA practitioners. Streamlined LCA methods have been developed that make LCAs faster and simpler, generally by reducing the amount of data required. These streamlined LCAs are frequently used when it is impractical or not economical to perform a full-scale LCA, for instance when new products must be screened before purchase or during product development. For a streamlining method to be practical, it must provide results that are accurate enough (compared to full-scale LCA results) to be used in such applications. Linear regression can be used to address both the subjectivity and the lack of error information inherent in streamlined LCA. Regression can predict life cycle results from one or more predictor impacts, and cross-validation can generate estimates of the error involved in the prediction and approximate the distributions of the predicted results. This type of streamlining has a high data requirement, as full-scale LCA data is needed to calculate regression coefficients and prediction errors for each model. However, once the regression coefficients have been calculated, only predictor impact data is required to generate streamlined results. Past work on regression-based streamlining used data from the Ecoinvent database to show that cumulative energy demand (CED) is a good proxy indicator, and therefore a good predictor impact, of many other life cycle environmental impacts. This claim is based on linear regression on log transformed data, which results in a high R2 value. The interpretation of a high R is that a high proportion of variance in the log of the impact data can be explained by regression on the log of CED. We will demonstrate the flaws in this approach by showing that, in the original domain (where predictions and error estimates are needed), the ability of CED to predict other life cycle impact variables is greatly reduced. The regression-based streamlining method is demonstrated with two case studies. The first case study looked at a highly homogeneous set of 26 packaging products, and resulted in models of reasonable accuracy. The second case study consisted of a set of generic construction materials, including wood, glass and metal. This data set resulted in extremely inaccurate models, which demonstrates the importance of applying regression-based streamlining only to sets of similar products.
Prudent Investors: The Asset Allocation of Public Pension Plans
Creators: name: Weller, Christian E.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2008

description: After 2000, the vast majority of defined benefit (DB) pension plans encountered a
decrease in their funding ratios, largely due to a drop in asset prices. It is possible that
public sector pension plans may have acted imprudently by chasing returns, once they
encountered underfunding. We identify four indicators for DB plans’ imprudent
investment behavior: no portfolio rebalancing, employer conflicts of interest, trustee
conflicts of interest, and failure to implement best investment practices. To see if public
sector pension plans rebalance their portfolios, we use data from the Federal Reserve’s
Flow of Funds, dating from 1952 to 2007. To test for the remaining three hypotheses, we
use data from the Census’ State and Local Government Employee Retirement Systems
data base, where consistent data for state and local government plans are available from
1993 to 2005. Our results suggest that there is no evidence that public sector plans
systematically engaged in imprudent investment behavior and that this did not
systematically differ after 2000 from the earlier period.
The Role of Building Information Models in Efficient Delivery of Sustainable Healthcare Buildings
Creators: name: Proc. ISSST
name: Parrish, Kristen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: Environmental Science

description: Building information models (BIMs) have become increasingly common in the construction industry, and have consequently begun to change workflows and project delivery methods. The healthcare sector, in particular, has seen the impact of BIMs in the design and construction process -- BIMs have helped to program space better, reduce project delivery time, and improve energy performance in hospitals. BIMs have changed the design process, allowing designers to better communicate with owners and builders about space planning, design intent, construction sequencing, etc. Similarly, BIMs have impacted the construction process, as a BIM can serve as a real-time record of installation, an as-built, and a comprehensive set of construction documents. Beyond the project delivery process, facility managers are beginning to use BIMs to aid in building operations. BIMs can store information about maintenance requirements, predicted energy consumption, and serve as more accurate representations of the as-built condition of the facility (so-called “as builts”). Thus, they enable facility managers to better plan for maintenance activities and assess building performance. In healthcare facilities, these capabilities may enable healthier, more efficient spaces that are maintained and managed to promote health. For instance, filter maintenance schedules can be included in the BIM and can interface with maintenance software to alert the facility manager that specific filters need to be replaced, and the locations of this work can be highlighted in the BIM. This not only helps to automate maintenance planning, it reduces the risk of infection transfer, in turn promoting employee and patient health in the facility. A group of healthcare providers in Phoenix, Arizona is assessing how enhanced BIMs could impact future healthcare facility design and operations. This paper describes motivations for this effort and potential outcomes of their work.
Can Progressive Taxation Contribute to Economic Development?
Creators: name: Weller, Christian E.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2008

description: Financial instability has increased for many economies in the face of greater capital mobility. Eliminating capital flows, especially portfolio investment flows, may reduce volatility, but it could also result in domestic capital constraints. To overcome this dilemma, policymakers may consider alternatives, such as progressive income taxation, that could raise domestic funds. In this paper, we combine several macro economic data sources to test the link between progressive taxation and economic stability, economic growth, inequality and fiscal policy. Based on data from 1981 to 2002, we find that progressive taxation provides policymakers with the ability to conduct countercyclical fiscal policies, which in turn contributes significantly to economic stability. In turn, we find no evidence that progressive taxation adversely affects economic stability by reducing growth. We find, though, that the possibility to raise the progressiveness is constrained by capital mobility and by the level of government spending. Finally, policymakers, who may consider consumption taxes, such as the value added taxes (VAT), when tax enforcement is ineffective, would see no additional gains in terms of economic stability from the implementation of a VAT in combination with progressive income taxation.
Considerations on Interest Rate Exogeneity
Creators: name: Pollin, Robert
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2008

description: The idea of an exogenous money supply—controlled entirely through central
bank interventions—was a fundamental tenet of monetarism and New Classical economics. Post
Keynesians have developed an extensive literature arguing that the money supply is in fact
endogenous—that market forces combine with central banks in establishing the money supply.
But Post Keynesians disagree on a related question: to what extent are interest rates set
exogenously by central banks? To address this issue, this paper presents evidence regarding the
movement of market interest rates in U.S. financial markets relative to the Federal Reservecontrolled
Federal Funds rate. Concluding that market interest rates are primarily set through
market forces—i.e. are largely endogenous—the paper then discusses the primary source of
interest rate endogeneity. This is the instability of deregulated financial markets, which leads
market participants to make wide swings in their risk assessments over time. It follows that
effective regulatory policies to stabilize markets and control interest rates directly will increase
the degree of interest rate exogeneity. The paper concludes with proposals for establishing greater
control over market interest rates.
Deep Learning-Based Robust Multi-Object Tracking via Fusion of mmWave Radar and Camera Sensors
Creators: name: Cheng, Lei
name: Sengupta, Arindam
name: Cao, Siyang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Autonomous driving holds great promise in addressing traffic safety concerns by leveraging artificial intelligence and sensor technology. Multi-Object Tracking plays a critical role in ensuring safer and more efficient navigation through complex traffic scenarios. This paper presents a novel deep learning-based method that integrates radar and camera data to enhance the accuracy and robustness of Multi-Object Tracking in autonomous driving systems. The proposed method leverages a Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory network to incorporate long-term temporal information and improve motion prediction. An appearance feature model inspired by FaceNet is used to establish associations between objects across different frames, ensuring consistent tracking. A tri-output mechanism is employed, consisting of individual outputs for radar and camera sensors and a fusion output, to provide robustness against sensor failures and produce accurate tracking results. Through extensive evaluations of real-world datasets, our approach demonstrates remarkable improvements in tracking accuracy, ensuring reliable performance even in low-visibility scenarios.
description: Published in IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems
Endogenous Money: Implications for the Money Supply Process, Interest Rates, and Macroeconomics
Creators: name: Palley, Thomas
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2008

description: Endogenous money represents a mainstay of Post Keynesian (PK) macroeconomics. Analytically, it provides a critical linkage between the financial and real sectors, with the link running predominantly from credit to money to economic activity. The important feature is credit is placed at the beginning of this sequence, which contrasts with conventional representations that place money first.
The origins of PK endogenous money lie in opposition to monetarism. Whereas neo-Keynesian economics challenged monetarism by focusing on the optimality of money supply versus interest rate targets, PK theory challenged monetarism’s description of the money supply process.
PK theory is itself divided between “horizontalist” and “structuralist” approaches to the money supply. Horizontalists believe the behavior of financial institutions is unconstrained by the availability of liquidity (reserves) provided by the central bank and the supply-price of finance to banks is fixed at a price set by the central bank. Structuralists believe liquidity pressures matter and the supply price of finance to banks can increase endogenously.
Horizontalists can be further sub-divided into “strong” and “weak” positions. The strong position holds the bank loan supply schedule is horizontal and interest rates are unaffected by lending. The weak position holds that interest rates may rise with lending if borrower quality deteriorates.
The PK debate has been useful in articulating the mechanics of the money supply process, but inadequate attention has been paid to the implications of endogenous money for interest rate determination, the business cycle, and economic growth.
Macroeconomics without the LM: A Post-Keynesian Perspective
Creators: name: Palley, Thomas
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2008

description: Romer (2000) provides an alternative model to the AS/AD and IS/LM models that abandons the LM schedule by having the short-term interest rate set by the central bank. His framework acknowledges the critical role of the central bank in determining short-term interest rates, which moves mainstream macroeconomics closer to Post Keynesian monetary theory.
The current paper presents a Post Keynesian construction of macroeconomics without an LM schedule. Rather than describing the financial sector in terms of an exogenously determined interest rate set by the central bank, the model unpacks financial markets by fully specifying a banking sector. The key analytic feature of the Post Keynesian approach is to replace the money market with the loan market. That makes transparent the macroeconomic significance of the loan market and bank behavior, and generates an endogenous money supply driven by bank lending. If banks become more optimistic over the cycle and lower their interest rate mark-up, that increases the likelihood of instability.
The development of non-foaming yeast strains for winemaking
Creators: name: Eschenbruch, R.
name: Rassel, Jenny M.
Publisher: name: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research
Year: 2016

description: Non-foaming yeasts for winemaking can be obtained easily from pure culture strains by using the froth flotation method and head formation tubes. Flotability and head formation of five parental strains and ten mutants are assessed. Current knowledge of foaming caused by the yeast cell wall structure as well as by the composition of the fermenting substrate is discussed briefly. Die Gewinnung nicht schäumender Hefestämme für die Weinbereitung Nicht schäumende Hefen für die Weinbereitung können mit Hilfe des „froth flotation"-Verfahrens unter Verwendung von Glasröhren zur Prüfung des Tresterhutes leicht aus Reinkulturen gewonnen werden. Schwebefähigkeit und Hutbildung von 5 Parentalstämmen und 10 Mutanten wurden bestimmt. Der derzeitige Wissensstand über die Schaumbildung durch die Zellwandstruktur der Hefen sowie durch die Zusammensetzung des Gärsubstrates wird kurz diskutiert.
description: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 14 No. 1 (1975): Vitis
Object Recognition, Dynamic Contact Simulation, Detection, and Control of the Flexible Musculoskeletal Hand Using a Recurrent Neural Network with Parametric Bias
Creators: name: Kawaharazuka, Kento
name: Tsuzuki, Kei
name: Onitsuka, Moritaka
name: Asano, Yuki
name: Okada, Kei
name: Kawasaki, Koji
name: Inaba, Masayuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The flexible musculoskeletal hand is difficult to modelize, and its model can change constantly due to deterioration over time, irreproducibility of initialization, etc. Also, for object recognition, contact detection, and contact control using the hand, it is desirable not to use a neural network trained for each task, but to use only one integrated network. Therefore, we develop a method to acquire a sensor state equation of the musculoskeletal hand using a recurrent neural network with parametric bias. By using this network, the hand can realize recognition of the grasped object, contact simulation, detection, and control, and can cope with deterioration over time, irreproducibility of initialization, etc. by updating parametric bias. We apply this study to the hand of the musculoskeletal humanoid Musashi and show its effectiveness.
description: Accepted at IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters
Stimulation of regenerative processes of qualified athletes specializing in the high jump with a running start
Creators: name: Kutek, Tamara
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: Education

description: Purpose. To study the effect of reducing funds for special trained skilled athletes who specialize in the high jump with a running start. Results. It is important to target the installation of a series of experimental studies was determining the effect of reducing funds for the activation of the triggers special preparedness and conditions that provide a higher level of manifestation of special endurance for competitive activities. Conclusions. Using a research complex reconstruction funds were part of the funds and the formation of non-specific influences on this basis mobilization capabilities athletes in various conditions of training and competitive activities. Important in this case was the use of non-specific nature of the natural resources with minimum waste of time.
Zur Frage der direkten oder indirekten Schädigung von Rebenwurzeln bei Befall durch die Reblaus (Dactylosphaera vitifolii Shimer)
Creators: name: Rilling, G.
Publisher: name: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research
Year: 2016

description: Is damage of phylloxera infested grapevine roots caused directly or indirectly? Disinfected eggs of phylloxera (Dactylosphaera vitifolii SHIMER) were transferred to rooted explants of Vitis vinifera shoots (cv. Silvaner) reared under sterile conditions. Aerial rootlets which showed injuries in consequence of the insect's infestation proved to be free of microorganisms. lt is concluded, therefore, that damage of grapevine roots is pr imarily due to the activity of phylloxera itself, especially to abnormous growth and disturbance of metabolism in the affected plant tissues. Microorganisms occurring in root galls of naturally growing vines are considered to be secondary parasites or saprophytes.
description: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 14 No. 1 (1975): Vitis
title: High-frequency nonlinear dynamics of silicon microring modulators
Creators: name: Shateri, Farshid
name: Geravand, Alireza
name: Weckenmann, Erwan
name: Shi, Wei
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Microring modulator
subject: Silicon
subject: Optical interconnect
subject: Nonlinear optics
subject: Optique non linéaire
subject: Microrésonateurs en anneau
subject: Silicones
subject: Interconnexions optiques
subject: Absorptiométrie photonique

description: Nonlinear optical dynamics of a microring modulator are studied using a comprehensive model capturing the coupled effects of thermal self-heating, two-photon absorption, and free carrier dispersion. The model is experimentally verified and predicts power-dependent static and dynamic performance.
Correlations between the components of physical readiness and physical development of the older preschoolers
Creators: name: Kulyk, Nina
name: Maslyak I., P.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: Education

description: The indices of interdependence of physical fitness and physical development of children by means of correlation and factor analysis. The study involved 276 children aged 5-6 years. Found that in early childhood education important place occupied by the study of the physical condition of children. Reflected the degree of the relationship between the results of measurements of body length, body weight, volume of the chest, heart rate, blood pressure, lung capacity, breath-holding time (Stange's Genchi test) and measures of the level of development of basic physical properties ( strength, speed, flexibility, endurance and coordination abilities ). Research indicates the presence of interaction between the indices motor fitness and physical development of preschool children. The most significant effect on the physical health of the ability to provide coordination, speed and power capacity, speed and endurance.
Adaptive Robotic Tool-Tip Control Learning Considering Online Changes in Grasping State
Creators: name: Kawaharazuka, Kento
name: Okada, Kei
name: Inaba, Masayuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Various robotic tool manipulation methods have been developed so far. However, to our knowledge, none of them have taken into account the fact that the grasping state such as grasping position and tool angle can change at any time during the tool manipulation. In addition, there are few studies that can handle deformable tools. In this study, we develop a method for estimating the position of a tool-tip, controlling the tool-tip, and handling online adaptation to changes in the relationship between the body and the tool, using a neural network including parametric bias. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method for online change in grasping state and for deformable tools, in experiments using two different types of robots: axis-driven robot PR2 and tendon-driven robot MusashiLarm.
description: Accepted at IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters
The Political Economy of Remittances: What Do We Know? What Do We Need to Know?
Creators: name: Grabel, Ilene
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2008

description: Private remittances are becoming an increasingly important part of the financial landscape of many developing countries. Indeed, for some such countries, these flows are the single most important type of international capital inflow—public or private--and they have become an importance source of purchasing power and foreign exchange. The growing importance of remittances has stimulated a great deal of discussion among scholars and policymakers. However, most studies tend to be rather narrow and microeconomic in scope, and fail to understand remittances within a broader political economy context. This contrasts with studies of other international capital flows such as official development assistance, direct foreign investment, private bank loans, and portfolio investment where political economy concerns have long been a central concern. This paper draws together findings from the rapidly growing multi-disciplinary study of remittances; identifies what we know, what we do not yet know, and what we still need to know about their economic, political and social consequences; and argues that there are a range of important political economy concerns raised by these flows. The paper concludes that the political economy effects of remittances are complex, contradictory, and not amenable to generalizations across the developing world, and that there is still much that we need to know about them.
Factor structure of the integrated training of elite athletes - representatives of mountain sports
Creators: name: Zhanetta   Kozina
name: Ryepko, O.A.
name: Prusik Kr.
name: Cieślicka, M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: Education

description: The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristics of the factor structure of the readiness of mountaineers and climbers of different specializations. The study involved 26 athletes, among them - 10 masters of sports of international class (speed climbing ), 10 masters of sports of international class ( climbing difficulty) and 6 world-class climbers. The age of the athletes was 19-22 years. Identified 10 factors in the overall readiness of the surveyed athletes. It is shown that the most prominent climbers factors are adaptive capacity of the cardiovascular system, special endurance. Do climbers ( climbing difficulty) - relative strength, stability, reaction speed, arm strength and the press. Do climbers ( climbing speed) - spigot size hand, the mobility of the nervous system, the reaction rate. Shows the complexity of the manifestations of power-speed in relation to the performance of morphological and functional characteristics and capabilities of psychophysiological representatives of mountain sports. Found that the development of the power-speed positive effect on the improvement of psycho-physiological regulation of the body. The obtained data on the characteristics of the severity of different factors in representatives of different types of rock climbing and mountaineering can be used to predict future specialization novice climbers.
Estimation and Control of Motor Core Temperature with Online Learning of Thermal Model Parameters: Application to Musculoskeletal Humanoids
Creators: name: Kawaharazuka, Kento
name: Hiraoka, Naoki
name: Tsuzuki, Kei
name: Onitsuka, Moritaka
name: Asano, Yuki
name: Okada, Kei
name: Kawasaki, Koji
name: Inaba, Masayuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The estimation and management of motor temperature are important for the continuous movements of robots. In this study, we propose an online learning method of thermal model parameters of motors for an accurate estimation of motor core temperature. Also, we propose a management method of motor core temperature using the updated model and anomaly detection method of motors. Finally, we apply this method to the muscles of the musculoskeletal humanoid and verify the ability of continuous movements.
description: Accepted at IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters
Forming future teachers’ valuable and notional competence as the scientific and pedagogic problem
Creators: name: Kozachenko, Svetlana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: Education

description: The aim of the article is the research of conceptual basis of work in forming future teachers’ valuable and notional competence. The theoretical analysis of problems of future teachers’ valuable and notional competence was performed. The result of the research is to define the matter of the valuable and notional competence, to classify its main elements, such as: personal, notional, behavioral and evaluative. The scientific approaches to the problem of forming future teachers’ valuable and notorious competence, among which, the most productive are axiological, active, self-oriented, contextual and competency building ones, were systematized. General principles of work of future teachers’ valuable and notorious competence are determined. This allowed to substantiate pedagogical conditions of forming valuable and notional competence of future teachers.
Desperate vs. Deadbeat: Can We Quantify the Effect of the Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act of 2005?
Creators: name: Weller, Christian
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2008

description: Our goal is thus to establish a benchmark level of the U.S. bankruptcy rates after 2005 that likely would have been observed, if the law had not changed. We then compare the actual U.S. bankruptcy rate to the benchmark for 2007 to provide a sense of the effectiveness of BAPCPA.  We proceed in three steps. We first analyze if there was a structural break in the U.S. bankruptcy rate in 2005 or 2006. Second, we analyze if the level of the U.S. bankruptcy rate shifted, the trend growth rate changed, or both level and trend changed after the break. Third, we forecast the U.S. bankruptcy rates for 2007 based on a forecasting model derived from data observed before the break and compare the actual U.S. bankruptcy rates to the predicted U.S. bankruptcy rates.
Ergebnisse von Kreuzungen zwischen Vitis amurensis und Vitis vinifera in der Züchtung frostwiderstandsfähiger Reben
Creators: name: Koleda, I.
Publisher: name: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research
Year: 2016

description: Die Erfahrungen aus fast 20 Jahren lassen folgende Feststellungen zu: • Vitis amurensis bietet ein wertvolles Genmaterial für die Herstellung frostresistenter Rebsorten. • Ihr Wert wird - außer durch Frostresistenz - auch durch Plasmopara-Hypersensitivität einiger ihrer Formen erhöht. • Durch wiederholte Rückkreuzungen können die Resistenzeigenschaften von V. amurensis mit den Qualitätseigenschaften der Kulturformen kombiniert werden. Die Frühreife ermöglicht es, in jedem Jahr gute Mostqualitäten zu erzielen. Wir hoffen, in den folgenden Jahren aus unseren BC2 -Populationen weitere Formen von guter Frostresistenz, Botrytis-Resistenz, Plasmopara-Hypersensitivität und Qualität hervorbringen zu können, bei denen die Pflanzenschutzmaßnahmen bedeutend eingeschränkt werden können. Results of crossing Vitis amurensis and Vitis vinifera in breeding frost resistant grapes From a twenty years' experience it can be concluded that: • Vitis amurensis presents a valuable gene material for breeding frost resistant grape varieties, • besides by frost resistance, its value is also increased by Plasmopara hypersensitivity of some of its forms, • the resistance characteristics of V. amurensis can be combined with the must quality of some cultivated forms by repeated back crossing. Early maturity makes it possible to get permanently good must qualities. In the following years, we hope that we will succeed in producing from our BC, populations further forms of good frost resistance, Botrytis resistance, Plasmopara hypersensitivity, and of high must quality. Thus plant protection measures can be widely reduced.
description: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 14 No. 1 (1975): Vitis
Attracting Undocumented Immigrants: The Perverse Effects of U.S. Border Enforcement
Creators: name: Kaufmann, Florian K.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2008

description: This paper examines how U.S. migration management techniques affect the
flow of undocumented migrants from Mexico and Mexican migrants’ degree
of socio-economic reorientation. The findings support the hypothesis that
stricter U.S. border enforcement increases migrants’ detachment from their
place of origin, and that this in turn leads to a net increase in the volume of
illegal Mexican migration. Estimates suggest that the increase in border
enforcement in the 1990s induced between 245,000 and 360,000 Mexicans
per year to migrate illegally. The results also suggest that narrowing the U.S.
– Mexican wage gap would reduce both the extent of illegal Mexican
migration and the degree of migrants’ detachment from their place of origin.
In addition, the results indicate that guest-worker programs, which facilitate
continuing attachment to the migrant’s place of origin, might be a desirable
option in the short-term.
Keeping the Government Whole: The Impact of a Cap-and-Dividend Policy for Curbing Global Warming on Government Revenue and Expenditure
Creators: name: Boyce, James K.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2008

description: When the United States puts a cap on carbon
emissions as part of the effort to address the
problem of global climate change, this will increase
the prices of fossil fuels, significantly
impacting not only consumers but also local,
state, and federal governments. Consumers can
be “made whole,” in the sense that whatever
amount the public pays in higher fuel prices is
recycled to the public, by means of a cap-anddividend
policy: individual households will come
out ahead or behind in monetary terms depending
on whether they consume above-average or
below-average amounts of carbon. In this paper,
we consider policy options for “keeping the
government whole,” too; that is, policies to ensure that additional revenues to government
compensate adequately for the additional costs
to government as a result of the carbon cap. We
compare the distributional impacts of two policy
alternatives: (i) setting aside a portion of the
revenue from carbon permit auctions for government,
and distributing the remainder of the
revenue to the public in the form of tax-free
dividends; or (ii) distributing all of the carbon
revenue to households as taxable dividends.
The policy of recycling 100% of carbon revenue
to the public as taxable dividends has the
strongest progressive impact, yielding the biggest
net monetary benefits for the largest majority
of the people.
Scanning electron microscopy of the developmental stages of the Sultana inflorescence
Creators: name: Scholefield, P. B.
name: Ward, R. C.
Publisher: name: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research
Year: 2016

description: Development of the inflorescence primordium of Sultana, as observed in the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), is described. The technique is simple and requires no elaborate tissue preparation. Interpretation of inflorescence development is easy and precise because of the resolution and depth of field of the SEM. The first evidence of differentiation of floral parts was observed in spring for Sultana under Australian conditions. Rasterelektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen über die Entwicklungsstadien der Sultana-Infloreszenz Die Entwicklung der Infloreszenzprimordien von Sultana wird aufgrund rasterelektronenmikroskopischer Beobachtungen beschrieben. Die angewandte Technik ist einfach und erfordert keine langwierige Vorbehandlung des Untersuchungsmaterials. Das hohe Auflösungsvermögen und die große Tiefenschärfe des Rasterelektronenmikroskopes erleichtern das Verständnis der genauen Infloreszenzentwicklung. Die ersten Anzeichen für die Differenzierung von Blütenteilen wurden bei Sultana unter australischen Bedingungen im Frühjahr festgestellt.
description: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 14 No. 1 (1975): Vitis
Peak Energy and the Limits to China’s Economic Growth: Prospect of Energy Supply and Economic Growth from Now to 2050
Creators: name: Li, Minqi
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2008

description: This paper evaluates the prospect of China’s energy supply and its impact on economic growth from now to 2050. After considering China’s domestic potential of coal, oil, and gas production, potential of energy imports from the rest of the world, as well as potential developments of renewable and nuclear energy, the paper finds that China is likely to face an insurmountable energy crisis beyond 2020 and even with optimistic assumptions, drastic declines of economic growth rate and the eventual end of economic growth cannot be avoided.
Imitation Learning with Additional Constraints on Motion Style using Parametric Bias
Creators: name: Kawaharazuka, Kento
name: Kawamura, Yoichiro
name: Okada, Kei
name: Inaba, Masayuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Imitation learning is one of the methods for reproducing human demonstration adaptively in robots. So far, it has been found that generalization ability of the imitation learning enables the robots to perform tasks adaptably in untrained environments. However, motion styles such as motion trajectory and the amount of force applied depend largely on the dataset of human demonstration, and settle down to an average motion style. In this study, we propose a method that adds parametric bias to the conventional imitation learning network and can add constraints to the motion style. By experiments using PR2 and the musculoskeletal humanoid MusashiLarm, we show that it is possible to perform tasks by changing its motion style as intended with constraints on joint velocity, muscle length velocity, and muscle tension.
description: Accepted at IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters
Measuring Corporate Environmental Justice Performance
Creators: name: Ash, Michael
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2009

description: Measures of corporate environmental justice performance can be a valuable tool in efforts to promote corporate social responsibility and to document systematic patterns of environmental injustice. This paper develops such a measure based on the extent to which toxic air emissions from industrial facilities disproportionately impact racial and ethnic minorities and low-income people. Applying the measure to 100 corporate air polluters in the United States, we find wide variation in the extent of disproportional exposures. In 54 cases, minorities, who represent 31.8 percent of the U.S. population, bear excess burden; in 15 of these cases, the minority share exceeds half of the human health impacts from the firm's industrial air polution. In 66 cases, poor people, who represent 12.8 percent of the U.S. population, bear excess burden.
Аn improvement of process of organization of pedagogical practice is priority condition of forming of professional competence of future teachers the basics of health
Creators: name: Kara, Svetlana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: Education

description: The problem of improving the organization of teaching practice as one of the primary conditions of formation professional competence of future teachers of basic health. Highlighted that the improvement of the process of organizing teaching practice can be done by improving the content of the students during the teaching practice, the organization of joint work of all supervisors (teachers of higher educational institutions and teachers of general educational institutions), compliance with the uniform requirements supervisors to an evaluation of the student's performance. It is noted that purposeful pedagogical guidance and to improve the content of the students during the teaching practice creates the conditions for the formation of all the components of professional competence of future teachers.
Setting an Agenda for Monetary Reform
Creators: name: D’Arista, Jane
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2009

description: The role played by monetary policy in creating the conditions that culminated in the current crisis and the failure of the Fed’s efforts to end the credit freeze in 2008 are critical components of the analysis needed as a backdrop for reform. This paper argues that the link between excess liquidity, the buildup in debt, the asset bubbles that debt created and the financial crisis that followed are outcomes of monetary as well as regulatory policy failures; that they reflect a substantial weakening in the Fed’s ability to implement countercyclical initiatives. It argues that the effectiveness of monetary policy can – and must – be restored and proposes a new system of reserve management that assesses reserves against assets rather than deposits and applies reserve requirements to all segments of the financial sector. It concludes that a change in the current system for implementing monetary policy is needed to end the credit crunch, address the impact of the current crisis on the financial sector and the economy and ensure the success of any fiscal stimulus that will be undertaken.