cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
DPANet: Depth Potentiality-Aware Gated Attention Network for RGB-D Salient Object Detection
Creators: name: Chen, Zuyao
name: Cong, Runmin
name: Xu, Qianqian
name: Huang, Qingming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: There are two main issues in RGB-D salient object detection: (1) how to effectively integrate the complementarity from the cross-modal RGB-D data; (2) how to prevent the contamination effect from the unreliable depth map. In fact, these two problems are linked and intertwined, but the previous methods tend to focus only on the first problem and ignore the consideration of depth map quality, which may yield the model fall into the sub-optimal state. In this paper, we address these two issues in a holistic model synergistically, and propose a novel network named DPANet to explicitly model the potentiality of the depth map and effectively integrate the cross-modal complementarity. By introducing the depth potentiality perception, the network can perceive the potentiality of depth information in a learning-based manner, and guide the fusion process of two modal data to prevent the contamination occurred. The gated multi-modality attention module in the fusion process exploits the attention mechanism with a gate controller to capture long-range dependencies from a cross-modal perspective. Experimental results compared with 15 state-of-the-art methods on 8 datasets demonstrate the validity of the proposed approach both quantitatively and qualitatively.
description: Accepted by IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 2020
title: Recht auf Vergessen I und II – Eine Frage der Gestaltungsmacht
title: Besprechung der Beschlüsse des Ersten Senats des Bundesverfassungsgerichts vom 6. November 2019 –1 BvR 16/13 und 1 BvR 276/17
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Magaard, Christian
Publisher: name: Göttingen : Lehrstuhl für Öffentliches Recht, insb. Kirchen- und Staatskirchenrecht, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen
Year: 2020
Subjects: Integrationsverantwortung
Trennungsthese
EU-Grundrechte-Charta
Bundesverfassungsgericht
Grundrechtsschutz
Dialog der Gerichte

description: Mit seinen Beschlüssen „Recht auf Vergessen I und II“ erweitert der Erste Senat den Prüfungsumfang des BVerfG um die Beachtung von Unionsgrundrechten. Unter Berufung auf eine gemeinsame europäische Grundrechtstradition und im Bewusstsein seiner eigenen Integrationsverantwortung schlägt der Erste Senat im Dialog des BVerfG mit dem EuGH ein neues Kapitel auf. Überschrieben ist es mit neuer Gestaltungsmacht in der europäischen Grundrechtsjudikatur. Allein zu klären sind noch die Auswirkungen seines bahnbrechenden Inhalts.
Simplified Implementation of the Heckman Estimator of the Dynamic Probit Model and a Comparison with Alternative Estimators
Creators: name: Arulampalam, Wiji
name: Stewart, Mark B.
name: Arulampalam, Wiji
name: Stewart, Mark B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Dynamic discrete choice models
subject: initial conditions
subject: dynamic probit
subject: panel data
subject: dynamic nonlinear panel data models

description: This paper presents a convenient shortcut method for implementing the Heckman estimator of the dynamic random effects probit model and other dynamic nonlinear panel data models using standard software. It then compares the estimators proposed by Heckman, Orme and Wooldridge, based on three alternative approximations, first in an empirical model for the probability of unemployment and then in a set of simulation experiments. The results indicate that none of the three estimators dominates the other two in all cases. In most cases all three estimators display satisfactory performance, except when the number of time periods is very small.
Passaloecus borealis DAHLBOM 1844
Creators: name: Jacobs, Hans-Joachim
name: Liebig, Wolf-Harald
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Crabronidae
Passaloecus
Passaloecus borealis

description: Passaloecus borealis DAHLBOM, 1844
 Primorskii Territory. 1  Dalnegorsk 25.06.2014, leg.
Liebig.
 Distribution: Russia: European Part, Western and Eastern Siberia, Far East. – Europe, Kazakhstan, North America.
description: Published as part of Jacobs, Hans-Joachim & Liebig, Wolf-Harald, 2018, Records of digger wasps from Eastern Siberia and the Far East of Russia (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae, Crabronidae), pp. 133-149 in Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 68 (1) on page 144, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.68.1.133-149, http://zenodo.org/record/4755103
Resonance effects on the crossover of bosonic to fermionic superfluidity
Creators: name: De Palo, S.
name: Chiofalo, M. L.
name: Holland, M. J.
name: Kokkelmans, S. J. J. M. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Feshbach scattering resonances are being utilized in atomic gases to explore the entire crossover region from a Bose-Einstein Condensation (BEC) of composite bosons to a Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) of Cooper pairs. Several theoretical descriptions of the crossover have been developed based on an assumption that the fermionic interactions are dependent only on the value of a single microscopic parameter, the scattering length for the interaction of fermion particles. Such a picture is not universal, however, and is only applicable to describe a system with an energetically broad Feshbach resonance. In the more general case in which narrow Feshbach resonances are included in the discussion, one must consider how the energy dependence of the scattering phase shift affects the physical properties of the system. We develop a theoretical framework which allows for a tuning of the scattering phase shift and its energy dependence, whose parameters can be fixed from realistic scattering solutions of the atomic physics. We show that BCS-like nonlocal solutions may build up in conditions of resonance scattering, depending on the effective range of the interactions.
description: 8 pages,7 figures
Feature Matching and Heat Flow in Centro-Affine Geometry
Creators: name: Olver, Peter J.
name: Qu, Changzheng
name: Yang, Yun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53A15, 53A55

description: In this paper, we study the differential invariants and the invariant heat flow in centro-affine geometry, proving that the latter is equivalent to the inviscid Burgers' equation. Furthermore, we apply the centro-affine invariants to develop an invariant algorithm to match features of objects appearing in images. We show that the resulting algorithm compares favorably with the widely applied scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT), speeded up robust features (SURF), and affine-SIFT (ASIFT) methods.
Happy Planet : UBC campus analysis and marketing plan
Creators: name: Al, Todd J.
name: Bowles, Tyler
name: Emiroglu, Ezgi
name: Chung, Beverly
name: Bhatia, Gurleen
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: According to our client, Cooper Simmonds–Business Development Manager at Happy Planet Foods Inc., sales of their smoothie products have been experiencing double digit sales growth across Canada over the last three years. The company is winning in this category due to its focus on healthy products, natural ingredients, and Canadian production with primarily local ingredients. During that same period of time on the UBC campus, sales of Happy Planet smoothies have been steeply decreasing over the last 3 years rather than following the same trend as the rest of the country. What is particularly interesting is that UBC tends to attract individuals that are drawn to health and sustainability due to it’s own sustainability objectives. It is one of the most sustainable campuses in the world and currently has the most sustainable building in North America, and on the topic of food its a fair trade campus with 53% of food intended to be locally grown, processed within 150 miles, or certified organic. So the values of the student population and Happy Planet should be aligned. Our key problem is to determine what is primary reason behind this disconnect. Our research was broken into two key areas of study in order to understand this problem. First consumer related questions to see if the problem is in demand or brand connection with the audience. The second was supply chain related questions to understand if there was a problem with stocking, ordering, or the competitive aspects of the business. We determined from this analysis that the problem is a vicious circle. First, at the point of sale (POS) the product is not on the shelf. Second, customers are not finding the product and so demand slumps. Third, operations see the slumping sales as a signal not to order it, and so it doesn’t get put on the shelf. This three-stage problem will require all three branches to be solved in order to get sales up to an appropriate level that is both reflective of sales off campus, as well as being in line with the sustainability interests of UBC Food Services Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Non-Markovian effect on quantum optical metrology under dissipative environment
Creators: name: Bai, Kai
name: Luo, Hong-Gang
name: Zhang, Wenxian
name: Xiao, Meng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum metrology utilizes quantum effects to reach higher precision measurements of physical quantities compared with their classical counterparts. However the ubiquitous decoherence obstructs its application. Recently, non-Markovian effects are shown to be effective in performing quantum optical metrology under locally dissipative environments\cite{PhysRevLett.123.040402}. However, the mechanism is still rather hazy. Here, we uncover the reason why forming a bound state can protect the quantumness against a dissipative ambient via the quantum Fisher information of entangled coherent states. An exact analytical expression of the quantum Fisher information in the long-encoding-time condition is derived, which reveals that the dynamics of precision can asymptotically reach the ideal-case-promised one easily when the average photon number is small. Meanwhile, the scaling exhibits a transition from the weak Heisenberg limit to the sub-classical limit with the increase of average photon number. Our work provides a recipe to realize ultrasensitive measurements in the presence of noise by utilizing non-Markovian effects.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Mechanics of a snap-fit
Creators: name: Yoshida, Keisuke
name: Wada, Hirofumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Snap-fits are versatile mechanical designs in industrial products, which enable the repeated assembling and disassembling of two solid parts. This important property is attributed to a fine balance between geometry, friction, and bending elasticity. In the present study, we combine theory, simulation, and experiment to reveal the fundamental physical principles of snap-fit functions in the simplest possible setup consisting of a rigid cylinder and a thin elastic shell. We construct a phase diagram using geometric parameters and identify four distinct mechanical phases. We develop analytical predictions based on the linear elasticity theory combined with the law of static friction and rationalize the numerical and experimental results. The study reveals how an operational asymmetry of snap-fits (i.e., easy to assemble but difficult to disassemble) emerges from an exquisite combination of geometry, elasticity, and friction and suggests optimization of the tunable functionalities for a range of mechanical designs.
Magneto-dilatonic Bianchi-I cosmology: isotropization and singularity problems
Creators: name: Bronnikov, K. A.
name: Chudaeva, E. N.
name: Shikin, G. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the evolution of Bianchi-I space-times filled with a global unidirectional electromagnetic field $F_{mn}$ interacting with a massless scalar dilatonic field according to the law Ψ(ϕ) F^{mn} F_{mn} where Ψ(ϕ) > 0 is an arbitrary function. A qualitative study, among other results, shows that (i) the volume factor always evolves monotonically, (ii) there exist models becoming isotropic at late times and (iii) the expansion generically starts from a singularity but there can be special models starting from a Killing horizon preceded by a static stage. All these features are confirmed for exact solutions found for the usually considered case Ψ= e^{2λϕ}, λ= const. In particular, isotropizing models are found for |λ| > 1/\sqrt{3}. In the special case |λ| = 1, which corresponds to models of string origin, the string metric behaviour is studied and shown to be qualitatively similar to that of the Einstein frame metric.
description: Latex2e, 10 pages
Proceedings 8th International Workshop on Theorem Proving Components for Educational Software
Creators: name: Quaresma, Pedro
name: Neuper, Walther
name: Marcos, João
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This EPTCS volume contains the proceedings of the ThEdu'19 workshop, promoted on August 25, 2019, as a satellite event of CADE-27, in Natal, Brazil. Representing the eighth installment of the ThEdu series, ThEdu'19 was a vibrant workshop, with an invited talk by Sarah Winkler, four contributions, and the first edition of a Geometry Automated Provers Competition. After the workshop an open call for papers was issued and attracted seven submissions, six of which have been accepted by the reviewers, and collected in the present post-proceedings volume. The ThEdu series pursues the smooth transition from an intuitive way of doing mathematics at secondary school to a more formal approach to the subject in STEM education, while favoring software support for this transition by exploiting the power of theorem-proving technologies. The volume editors hope that this collection of papers will further promote the development of theorem-proving-based software, and that it will collaborate on improving mutual understanding between computer mathematicians and stakeholders in education.
Effective Superpotentials via Konishi Anomaly
Creators: name: Alday, L. F.
name: Cirafici, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use Ward identities derived from the generalized Konishi anomaly in order to compute effective superpotentials for SU(N), SO(N) and $Sp(N)$ supersymmetric gauge theories coupled to matter in various representations. In particular we focus on cubic and quartic tree level superpotentials. With this technique higher order corrections to the perturbative part of the effective superpotential can be easily evaluated.
description: 17 pages, harvmac
Additional file 2 of End-of-life care preferences of the general public and recommendations of healthcare providers: a nationwide survey in Japan
Creators: name: Hamano, Jun
name: Hanari, Kyoko
name: Tamiya, Nanako
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Comparison of the recommendations regarding cancer treatment, EOL care, and LST among healthcare providers. Number and proportion regarding recommendations for cancer treatment, EOL care, and LST among healthcare providers.
Moments of the logarithmic derivative of characteristic polynomials from $SO(N)$ and $USp(2N)$
Creators: name: Alvarez, Emilia
name: Snaith, Nina C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15A52, 11M06

description: We study moments of the logarithmic derivative of characteristic polynomials of orthogonal and symplectic random matrices. In particular, we compute the asymptotics for large matrix size, $N$, of these moments evaluated at points which are approaching 1. This follows work of Bailey, Bettin, Blower, Conrey, Prokhorov, Rubinstein and Snaith where they compute these asymptotics in the case of unitary random matrices.
description: 43 pages. This version has an added discussion and computation of lower order terms. It also contains implemented comments and suggestions from the referee for JMP. Accepted for publication in the Journal of Mathematical Physics
Diversität lehren: Ein Skript zur Analyse und Befremdung von Normalität und zur Erkundung von Barrieren
Creators: name: Abeney, Adwoa
name: Laubner, Marian
name: Masuch, Susanne
name: Meyer, Anna-Lena
name: Rabenstein, Kerstin
Publisher: name: Göttingen : Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Institut für Erziehungswissenschaft, Arbeitsbereich Schulpädagogik/Empirische Unterrichtsforschung und Schulentwicklung
Year: 2020
Subjects: Normalität
Normalismus
Normativität
Normalitätskonstruktion
Barrieren
Behinderung
Inklusion

description: Im aktuellen erziehungswissenschaftlichen Diskurs wird mit der Thematisierung von schulischer Inklusion die Kategorie ‚Behinderung‘ in schulpädagogischen Kontexten zunehmend häufiger thematisiert. Dabei dominiert ein medizinisches Verständnis von Behinderung. In dem vorliegenden Lehrkonzept wird demgegenüber die Differenzkategorie ‚Behinderung‘ als soziale und kulturelle Konstruktion her-ausgearbeitet und das Ziel verfolgt, eine Analyse und Reflexion von Normalität und Normalitätskon-struktionen zu ermöglichen. Fokussiert wird hierfür die Erkundung von Gebäuden und Räumen. Mittels der Analyse von Gebäude- und Infrastrukturen soll deutlich werden, inwiefern diese für ‚durchschnittliche‘ Menschen konzipiert wurden. Im Anschluss daran dient die Analyse vorgefundener Barrieren dazu, Normalitätskonstruktionen zu reflektieren. Die exkludierende Wirkung von Normalität wird somit für die Studierenden durch die Erkundungen beobachtbar. Die theoretische Einbettung erfolgt im Anschluss an die Nomalismustheorie (Link, 1996; Waldschmidt, 1998, 2004) und kann erweitert werden über die Konzeptualisierung von doing dis/ability, making dis/ability und being dis/abled (vgl. Waldschmidt, 2011).
description: In the current educational science discourse, the category of 'disability' is increasingly being addressed in school pedagogical contexts with the topic of school inclusion. A medical understanding of disability dominates here. In contrast, the present teaching concept elaborates the differential category of 'disability' as a social and cultural construction and aims to enable an analysis and reflection of normality and constructions of normality.The focus is on the exploration of buildings and spaces. By analysing buildings and infrastructures, it will become clear to what extent they were designed for 'average' people. Subsequently, the analysis of existing barriers serves to reflect normality constructions. The excluding effect of normality thus becomes observable for the students through the explorations. The theoretical embedding follows on from the theory of nomalism (Link, 1996; Waldschmidt, 1998, 2004) and can be expanded by conceptualising doing dis/ability, making dis/ability and being dis/abled (cf. Waldschmidt, 2011).
A STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF MILITARY SCIENCE INSTRUCTION ON THE LOCUS-OF-CONTROL OF STUDENTS IN THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
Creators: name: Smith, Raymond Lawrence
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 39
subject: Education
classificationCode: 3904
subject: Specialist studies in education

description: Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 38-11, Section: A, page: 6457.
Pison strandi YASUMATSU 1935
Creators: name: Jacobs, Hans-Joachim
name: Liebig, Wolf-Harald
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Crabronidae
Pison
Pison strandi

description: Pison strandi YASUMATSU, 1935
 Primorskii Territory. 1  Kalinovka 29.06.2014, leg.
Liebig.
 Distribution: Russia: Far East. – Korean Peninsula, Japan.
description: Published as part of Jacobs, Hans-Joachim & Liebig, Wolf-Harald, 2018, Records of digger wasps from Eastern Siberia and the Far East of Russia (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae, Crabronidae), pp. 133-149 in Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 68 (1) on page 145, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.68.1.133-149, http://zenodo.org/record/4755103
Additional file 1 of Characterization of a novel family VIII esterase EstM2 from soil metagenome capable of hydrolyzing estrogenic phthalates
Creators: name: Jayita Sarkar
name: Arindam Dutta
name: Piyali Pal Chowdhury
name: Joydeep Chakraborty
name: Dutta, Tapan K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Strains and plasmids used in this study. Table S2. Specificity of EstM2 against p-nitrophenyl ester substrates. Table S3. Effect of solvent on the activity of EstM2a,b. Table S4. Scores obtained from docking of EstM2 with di- and mono-substituted phthalate estersa. Fig. S1. Screening for lipolytic enzyme activity on 1% (v/v) tributyrin agar plate. Inset shows formation of clear zone by fosmid clone, E. coli EPI300-fosEstM2. Fig. S2. Mutants of esterase-positive clone by in vitro transposon mutagenesis using the commercially available EZ-Tn5 insertion kit (Epicentre, USA). Mutants did not exhibit zone formation on tributyrin agar plate. Fig. S3. (A)SDS-PAGE of the purified EstM2 protein. M, molecular size markers; lane 1, whole-cell extracts before induction; lane 2, whole-cell extracts after induction; lane 3, EstM2 purified by Ni-nitrilotriacetic acid column (denatured); (B) Activity staining of EstM2 purified by Ni-nitrilotriacetic acid column (non-denatured). Arrows indicate position of the band corresponding to EstM2. Fig. S4. HPLC profile of di-n-butyl phthalate and its metabolic intermediates in the reaction mixture containing 1 mM of substrate (dissolved in methanol) and 0.25 μg of purified protein (EstM2) in a final volume of 1 ml Tris-HCl buffer (50 mM, pH 8.0), incubated for 1 h. Insets, UV-visible spectra of peaks obtained with diode array analysis. I, di-n-butyl phthalate; II, mono-n-butyl phthalate, III, phthalic acid.
Greater Sage-Grouse and Community Responses to Strategies to Mitigate Environmental Resistance in an Anthropogenic Altered Sagebrush Landscape
Creators: name: Small, Justin R.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: Sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) ecosystems are diverse habitats found throughout western North America. Anthropogenic disturbances has resulted in the loss of over half of the sagebrush ecosystems impacting sagebrush obligate species such as sage-grouse (Centrocercus spp.). Federal, state, and private land managers have implemented landscape scale mechanical pinyon (Pinus spp.) and juniper (Juniperus spp.; conifer) removal projects in an effort to restore functioning sagebrush communities to benefit sage-grouse. However, few studies have investigated the potential for using large-scale conifer treatments to mitigate factors impeding sage-grouse seasonal movements and space-use in anthropogenic altered landscapes.
To address this management need, I analyzed pre- and post-treatment vegetation composition data and annual changes in percent cover for known conifer treatments completed from 2008-2014 in Box Elder County, Utah, USA. I developed a multivariate generalized linear regression model that predicts future landscape conditions for sage-grouse and projects tree canopy cover that approximated observed cover values for known treated plots at time of treatment and five years post-treatment.
Next, I analyzed five different management scenarios to predict resource selection by greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) in response to changes in habitat following conifer treatments. I used a Relative Selection Strength (RSS) framework to quantify the net habitat gain from 2017 to 2023. My top ranked treatment scenario showed net habitat gains across all categories.
Additionally, I investigated the efficacy of global position system (GPS) and very high frequency (VHF) transmitters used in range wide studies. I compared mortality rates for two separate Utah populations. Across summer and winter for sex, and spring, summer and winter for age, I documented higher mortality for sage-grouse marked with GPS transmitters.
Lastly, to assess stakeholders’ perceptions of contemporary community-based conservation efforts, I conducted a case study in fall 2019 of the West Box Elder Coordinated Resource Management (CRM). Respondents reported: participation by federal and state agencies was paramount for funding and program structure, trust has been enhance, and landowner involvement is necessary for long-term stability and persistence.
A Realistic Model for Spatial and Mass Distributions of Dark Halo Substructures: An Analytic Approach
Creators: name: Oguri, Masamune
name: Lee, Jounghun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a realistic model for the dark halo substructures, and derive analytically their spatial, mass, and velocity distributions. Basically, our model is a modification of the Press-Schechter theory to account for the dominant dynamical processes that mark the evolution of dark halo substructures such as the tidal stripping and dynamical friction. Our analytic model successfully reproduces all the well known behaviors of the substructure distributions that have been found in recent numerical simulations: the weak dependence of the mass distributions on the host halo mass; the anti-bias of the spatial distribution relative to the dark matter particle components; the nearly power-law shapes of the mass and velocity distributions. We compare our analytic results with recent high-resolution N-body simulation data and find that they are in excellent agreement with each other.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Missing water in Class I protostellar disks
Creators: name: Harsono, Daniel
name: Persson, Magnus
name: Ramos, Alyssa
name: Murillo, Nadia
name: Maud, Luke
name: Hogerheijde, Michiel
name: Bosman, Arthur
name: Kristensen, Lars
name: Jorgensen, Jes
name: Bergin, Ted
name: Visser, Ruud
name: Mottram, Joe
name: van Dishoeck, Ewine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Water is a key volatile that provides insights into the initial stages of planet formation. The low water abundances inferred from water observations toward low-mass protostellar objects may point to a rapid locking of water as ice by large dust grains during star and planet formation. However, little is known about the water vapor abundance in newly formed planet-forming disks. We aim to determine the water abundance in embedded Keplerian disks through spatially-resolved observations of H$_2^{18}$O lines to understand the evolution of water during star and planet formation. We present H$_2^{18}$O line observations with ALMA and NOEMA millimeter interferometers toward five young stellar objects. NOEMA observed the 3$_{1,3}$ - $2_{2,0}$ line (E$_{\rm up}$ = 203.7 K) while ALMA targeted the $4_{1,4}$ - $3_{2,1}$ line (E$_{\rm up}$ = 322.0 K). Water column densities are derived considering optically thin and thermalized emission. Our observations are sensitive to the emission from the known Keplerian disks around three out of the five Class I objects in the sample. No H$_2^{18}$O emission is detected toward any of our five Class I disks. We report upper limits to the integrated line intensities. The inferred water column densities in Class I disks are N < 10$^{15}$ cm$^{-2}$ on 100 au scales which include both disk and envelope. The upper limits imply a disk-averaged water abundance of $\lesssim 10^{-6}$ with respect to H$_2$ for Class I objects. After taking into account the physical structure of the disk, the upper limit to the water abundance averaged over the inner warm disk with $T>$ 100 K is between 10$^{-7}$ up to 10$^{-5}$. Water vapor is not abundant in warm protostellar envelopes around Class I protostars. Upper limits to the water vapor column densities in Class I disks are at least two orders magnitude lower than values found in Class 0 disk-like structures.
description: 13 pages + 6 pages appendix, 7 figures, accepted for publication in aanda
Effective size of a trapped atomic Bose gas
Creators: name: Zhang, Wenxian
name: Xu, Z.
name: You, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the temperature-dependent effective size of a trapped interacting atomic Bose gas within a mean field theory approximation. The sudden shrinking of the average length, as observed in an earlier experiment by Wang {\it et al.} [Chin. Phys. Lett. {\bf 20}, 799 (2003)], is shown to be a good indication for Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC). Our study also supports the use of the average width of a trapped Bose gas for a nondestructive calibration of its temperature.
description: RevTex4, 6 pages, 4 eps figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. A
Additional file 1 of End-of-life care preferences of the general public and recommendations of healthcare providers: a nationwide survey in Japan
Creators: name: Hamano, Jun
name: Hanari, Kyoko
name: Tamiya, Nanako
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Preferences of the general public and recommendations of healthcare providers regarding EOL care and LST. Number and proportion regarding the preferences of the general public and recommendations of healthcare providers regarding EOL care and LST.
Psen ater
Creators: name: Jacobs, Hans-Joachim
name: Liebig, Wolf-Harald
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Crabronidae
Psen
Psen ater

description: Psen ater (OLIVIER, 1792)
 Irkutsk Province. 1  Bolshoje Goloustnoje 25.06.2011, leg. Liebig. 1  Ust-Ordynski (steppe) 27.06.2011, leg. Liebig.
 Distribution: Russia: European Part, Urals, Western and Eastern Siberia, Far East. – Europe, Turkey, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, China, Korean Peninsula, Japan.
description: Published as part of Jacobs, Hans-Joachim & Liebig, Wolf-Harald, 2018, Records of digger wasps from Eastern Siberia and the Far East of Russia (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae, Crabronidae), pp. 133-149 in Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 68 (1) on page 145, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.68.1.133-149, http://zenodo.org/record/4755103
Sensitivity and Estimation of Aerodynamic, Propulsion, and Inertial Parameters for Rudderless Aircraft Using Simulation
Creators: name: Thurgood, Jaden
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: A technique known as system identification is often used in aircraft design and testing to understand and validate the mathematical parameters that describe the aircrafts stability and handling characteristics. System identification can be thought of as the inverse of simulation. In the world of system identification, we have a physical system that we seek to understand in more detail by monitoring the system with an array of sensors. In short, we conduct tests of an aircraft while recording the inputs and response outputs. Then we take the input and output data and run it through an algorithm that seeks to predict the mathematical parameters. This process is typically done using multiple short flight maneuvers dedicated to identifying a few parameters at a time. Additionally, the task becomes even more complex for aircraft without a rudder due to the difficulty to enter and remain in uncoordinated configurations. The work in this paper presents an attempt to estimate 33 aircraft parameters for a rudderless aircraft using a single flight comprised of multiple different maneuvers. The approach in this paper uses a publicly available optimization scheme to estimate the aircraft parameters. The results from this work provides insight to the methods of system identification for rudderless aircraft.
Development of a Variable Extensometer Method for Measuring Ductility Scaling Parameters
Creators: name: Smith, Adam J.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: Ductility is the measure of how much a material can stretch before separation. It is usually measured in percent elongation, which is the amount a material stretches divided by its original length before stretching. This is an important property to understand for both the design for performance and safety. A material’s ductility can be influenced by several factors including heat treatment, machining, temperature, and radiation dose. Materials used in nuclear energy facilities are often exposed to all these factors, and it is important to be able to understand ductility at each possible combination.
Ductility is usually characterized through tension tests where a material is stretched until separation and the percent elongation is measured. However, ductility measured this way is dependent on the specimen geometry, meaning specimens of different lengths and thicknesses of the same material produce different percent elongation values. To account for this, ductility scaling laws have been developed that scale percent elongation to specimens of different sizes. Traditionally, these laws require testing multiple different specimen geometries to empirically extract the scaling parameters. This can be cost-prohibitive for many materials used for nuclear energy. This work develops a technique for extracting scaling parameters from a single specimen with the use of Digital Image Correlation—a camera-based measurement that extracts displacements from the pixel data across the entirety of the specimen. Improvements to the current scaling laws have been proposed, and the technique is validated by testing specimens of multiple different geometries.
Inflationary Cosmologies from Compactification?
Creators: name: Wohlfarth, Mattias N. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the compactification of (d+n)-dimensional pure gravity and of superstring/M-theory on an n-dimensional internal space to a d-dimensional FLRW cosmology, with spatial curvature k=-1,0,+1, in Einstein conformal frame. The internal space is taken to be a product of Einstein spaces, each of which is allowed to have arbitrary curvature and a time-dependent volume. By investigating the effective d-dimensional scalar potential, which is a sum of exponentials, it is shown that such compactifications, in the k=0,+1 cases, do not lead to large amounts of accelerating expansion of the scale factor of the resulting FLRW universe, and, in particular, not to inflation. The case k=-1 admits solutions with eternal accelerating expansion for which the acceleration, however, tends to zero at late times.
description: 22 pages, REVTeX4
Multiorder Laplacian for synchronization in higher-order networks
Creators: name: Lucas, Maxime
name: Cencetti, Giulia
name: Battiston, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Traditionally, interaction systems have been described as networks, where links encode information on the pairwise influences among the nodes. Yet, in many systems, interactions take place in larger groups. Recent work has shown that higher-order interactions between oscillators can significantly affect synchronization. However, these early studies have mostly considered interactions up to 4 oscillators at time, and analytical treatments are limited to the all-to-all setting. Here, we propose a general framework that allows us to effectively study populations of oscillators where higher-order interactions of all possible orders are considered, for any complex topology described by arbitrary hypergraphs, and for general coupling functions. To this scope, we introduce a multi-order Laplacian whose spectrum determines the stability of the synchronized solution. Our framework is validated on three structures of interactions of increasing complexity. First, we study a population with all-to-all interactions at all orders, for which we can derive in a full analytical manner the Lyapunov exponents of the system, and for which we investigate the effect of including attractive and repulsive interactions. Second, we apply the multi-order Laplacian framework to synchronization on a synthetic model with heterogeneous higher-order interactions. Finally, we compare the dynamics of coupled oscillators with higher-order and pairwise couplings only, for a real dataset describing the macaque brain connectome, highlighting the importance of faithfully representing the complexity of interactions in real-world systems. Taken together, our multi-order Laplacian allows us to obtain a complete analytical characterization of the stability of synchrony in arbitrary higher-order networks, paving the way towards a general treatment of dynamical processes beyond pairwise interactions.
description: Was "A multi-order Laplacian framework for the stability of higher-order synchronization"
OPTIMAL DECISION POLICIES IN A PURPOSIVE SYSTEM: THE SEMI-MARKOV DECISION PROCESS AS A MODEL
Creators: name: Thomas, David Lowell
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 49
subject: Mathematical sciences
classificationCode: 4905
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 38-11, Section: B, page: 5468.
Preschool Children's Development in Number, Geometry, and Executive Function: A Cross-Lagged Examination
Creators: name: Neilson, Brionne G.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: Children develop rapidly during early childhood, and this includes their mathematics and executive function (EF) skills. Past research has focused on connections between early mathematics and EF, but more work was needed to fully understand these relations. In particular, past studies have generally used numeracy-based measures to assess early mathematics, although professional guidelines indicate a more comprehensive construct that includes geometry. The research herein addresses some of the gaps of previous work as it examines unique connections between early number, geometry, and EF. One hundred eighteen preschool children from urban and rural communities, being an average age of 53 months at the beginning of the preschool year, were assessed at both the beginning and end of the preschool year. Using the TEAM, a measure of early mathematics inclusive of number and geometry, and the Head Toes Knees Shoulders (HTKS), a measure of early EF with elements of working memory, inhibition, and cognitive shift, relationships between number, geometry, and EF were examined across the preschool year, using a cross-lagged panel model. Three-way ANOVAs were also used to examine differences based on demographic factors, specifically gender, maternal education, household income, and urbanicity (defined by USDA Rural-Urban Continuum Codes). Findings indicate demographic factors played a limited role; household income was significantly associated with number skills and urbanicity with EF skills at the beginning of the preschool year. No other significant relationships based on demographic variables were found. Number skills at Time 1 universally contributed to number, geometry, and EF performance at Time 2; geometry at Time 2 was universally influenced by number, geometry, and EF at Time 1. EF played a mixed role; Time 1 EF significantly predicted Time 2 geometry, and Time 2 EF was significantly predicted by Time 1 number skills. These findings suggest that geometry is an important area of early mathematics to consider, and the relationship between mathematics and EF may be more nuanced than previously understood.
It's About Time: Examining the Role of Time Together and Perceived Stress in Couple Relationships
Creators: name: Smith, Rachel J. H.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: Because stress is a common struggle in romantic relationships and because stress can spill over into couples’ interactions and affect their level of relationship connection, it is important to understand what can help couples adapt to stress and maintain meaningful relationships. Quality time together has been found to have positive effects on relationship outcomes overall. Additionally, family stress theory has posited that having sufficient resources can help couples adapt to stress and avoid a crisis situation. As such, time together was examined as a potential resource for couples to draw upon to adapt to the potential negative effects of perceived stress on relationship connectivity.
This study utilized information from 615 individuals living in the United States and Canada to understand if time together acted as a resource that could buffer the negative effects of perceived stress. Findings showed that for those in the study, time together could act as a potential buffering resource to perceived stress. Those who spent more time together were also more resilient to perceived stress. The results suggest that professionals working with couples could help them discover ways they can invest meaningful, quality time together on a regular basis.
Consistent interactions in a three-dimensional theory with tensor gauge fields of degrees two and three
Creators: name: Saliu, S. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: All consistent interactions in a three-dimensional theory with tensor gauge fields of degrees two and three are obtained by means of the deformation of the solution to the master equation combined with cohomological techniques. The local BRST cohomology of this model allows the deformation of the Lagrangian action, accompanying gauge symmetries and gauge algebra. The relationship with the Chern--Simons theory is discussed.
description: 21 pages, accepted for publication in Int. J. Mod. Phys. A
Primary Particle Type of the Most Energetic Fly's Eye Air Shower
Creators: name: Risse, M.
name: Homola, P.
name: Gora, D.
name: Pekala, J.
name: Wilczynska, B.
name: Wilczynski, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The longitudinal profile of the most energetic cosmic-ray air shower measured so far, the event recorded by the Fly's Eye detector with a reconstructed primary energy of about 320 EeV, is compared to simulated shower profiles. The calculations are performed with the CORSIKA code and include primary photons and different hadron primaries. For primary photons, preshower formation in the geomagnetic field is additionally treated in detail. For primary hadrons, the hadronic interaction models QGSJET01 and SIBYLL2.1 have been employed. The predicted longitudinal profiles are compared to the observation. A method for testing the hypothesis of a specific primary particle type against the measured profile is described which naturally takes shower fluctuations into account. The Fly's Eye event is compatible with any assumption of a hadron primary between proton and iron nuclei in both interaction models, although differences between QGSJET01 and SIBYLL2.1 in the predicted profiles of lighter nuclei exist. The primary photon profiles differ from the data on a level of ~1.5 sigma. Although not favoured by the observation, the primary photon hypothesis can not be rejected for this particular event.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures; v2 matches version accepted by Astroparticle Physics
Nanodiamond quantum thermometry assisted with machine learning
Creators: name: Yamamoto, Kouki
name: Ogawa, Kensuke
name: Tsukamoto, Moeta
name: Ashida, Yuto
name: Sasaki, Kento
name: Kobayashi, Kensuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nanodiamonds (NDs) are quantum sensors that enable local temperature measurements, taking advantage of their small size. Though the model based analysis methods have been used for ND quantum thermometry, their accuracy has yet to be thoroughly investigated. Here, we apply model-free machine learning with the Gaussian process regression (GPR) to ND quantum thermometry and compare its capabilities with the existing methods. We prove that GPR provides more robust results than them, even for a small number of data points and regardless of the data acquisition methods. This study extends the range of applications of ND quantum thermometry with machine learning.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Protocol Proxy: An FTE-based Covert Channel
Creators: name: Oakley, Jonathan
name: Yu, Lu
name: Zhong, Xingsi
name: Venayagamoorthy, Ganesh Kumar
name: Brooks, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In a hostile network environment, users must communicate without being detected. This involves blending in with the existing traffic. In some cases, a higher degree of secrecy is required. We present a proof-of-concept format transforming encryption (FTE)-based covert channel for tunneling TCP traffic through protected static protocols. Protected static protocols are UDP-based protocols with variable fields that cannot be blocked without collateral damage, such as power grid failures. We (1) convert TCP traffic to UDP traffic, (2) introduce observation-based FTE, and (3) model interpacket timing with a deterministic Hidden Markov Model (HMM). The resulting Protocol Proxy has a very low probability of detection and is an alternative to current covert channels. We tunnel a TCP session through a UDP protocol and guarantee delivery. Observation-based FTE ensures traffic cannot be detected by traditional rule-based analysis or DPI. A deterministic HMM ensures the Protocol Proxy accurately models interpacket timing to avoid detection by side-channel analysis. Finally, the choice of a protected static protocol foils stateful protocol analysis and causes collateral damage with false positives.