cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Great Mental Health in Haringey Community Protect
Creators: name: Jessiman, Tricia
name: Kidger, Judi
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: mental health

description: Great Mental Health in Haringey is a suite of seven prevention and promotion programmes, designed to lessen the mental health impacts arising from the COVID-19 pandemic and to reduce widening mental health inequalities. One of the programmes, Community Protect, aims to improve and maintain the mental health and wellbeing of seven target populations within the London Borough of Haringey: those who belong to a minority ethnic group, those whose first language is not English, low-income households, older people, people with autism or learning disabilities, homeless and rough sleepers, young people not in education, employment or training.

Three commissioned core partners are working with six grass roots organisations, who have links to these populations. These organisations will recruit volunteer community mental health ambassadors, who will receive Mental Health First Aid training. The ambassadors will then support delivery of social events and activities, information provision relating to mental health support and digital education to groups they work with.

This is a qualitative process evaluation of Community Protect. It aims to understand:  

To what extent do members of the seven priority groups engage with the different elements of Community Protect (Community Mental Health Ambassadors, social events/activities, information provision and promotion of digital offers)? 
What are the perceived experiences and outcomes for residents who take part in Community Protect? 
What are the processes or pathways in which engagement with Community Protect leads to potentially beneficial outcomes relating to mental health and social connectedness? 
What have been the barriers and facilitators to successful implementation of Community Protect? (This includes partnership working as well as the activities delivered).
What are acceptable ways to monitor (quantitatively and/or qualitatively) uptake of Community Protect activities and outcomes for the seven priority groups? 
We will answer these questions through: i) interviews with local authority staff, core partners and grassroots delivery providers, ii) interviews with ambassadors, iii) observations of events and activities, iv) review of monitoring forms collected by the core partners, v) stakeholder learning events vi) a literature review of ways to monitor outcomes that are acceptable to the public.
Human Adaptation to the Web: A Proposal for a Research Programme
Creators: name: # Web Ergonomics Laboratory
name: Vigo, Markel
name: Harper, Simon
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: Theoretical Computer Science
Applied Computer Science

description: This report elaborates on those research areas that the initial background report of the COPE project uncovered. As a general and common idea, we posit that in order to build a model of Web interaction that is able to describe and predict adaptive user behaviour in a more accurate and comprehensive way, it is of utmost importance to consider how the Web environment constraints the interaction. We propose a rationale for a research programme while leaving some doors open for conducting concurrent and medium-term research on some aspects related to the current proposal. The way users interact in constrained Web interaction environments will be observed to build an initial model, laboratory testing will refine such model, longitudinal observations will confirm its validity and unobtrusive measures will help to cross-validate different findings. Interventions to ameliorate the performance of users and bypass situations of stress will be subject to the predictive power of the model.
Broadband transparent Huygens' spaceplates
Creators: name: Díaz-Fernández, Francisco J.
name: Máñez-Espina, Luis Manuel
name: Díaz-Rubio, Ana
name: Asadchy, Viktar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spaceplates have emerged in the context of nonlocal metasurfaces, enabling the compression of optical systems by minimizing the required empty space between their components. In this work, we design and analyze spaceplates that support resonances with opposite symmetries, operating under the so-called Huygens' condition. Using the temporal coupled-mode theory, we demonstrate that the spatial compression provided by Huygens' spaceplates is twice that of conventional single-resonance counterparts. Additionally, they can support broader operational bandwidths and numerical apertures, facilitating the reduction of chromatic aberrations. Moreover, Huygens' spaceplates maintain nearly full transparency over a wide frequency and angular range, allowing their straightforward cascading for multi-frequency broadband operation. Finally, we propose a physical implementation of a Huygens' spaceplate for optical frequencies based on a photonic crystal slab geometry.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Coping Tactics Employed by Visually Disabled Users on the Web
Creators: name: # Web Ergonomics Laboratory
name: Vigo, Markel
name: Harper, Simon
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: Theoretical Computer Science
Applied Computer Science

description: Interaction on the Web is often problematic for visually disabled users. In order to analyse how visually disabled users deal with problematic interactions we carried out a secondary analysis of 2 independent datasets containing the interaction of 25 users. As a result, we identified a number of problematic situations includ- ing uncertainty, reduced mobility, confusion and overload, and observed 17 tactics employed to overcome these situations, being impulsive clicking, exploration tactics and re-doing some of the most noteworthy tactics. These tactics are novel in that they are contextualised and complete: their presence denotes the presence of specific problems. Therefore these tactics are understood as behavioural markers of cognitive processes that indicate problematic interactions. We highlight the importance of these behavioural markers for designers and tools in order to detect and pre-empt problematic interactions. We also explore how we can remove the need to cope in these problematic situations.
title: Verfassungsblatt: 2023/10
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Verfassungsblog gGmbH
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Verfassungsrecht
subject: constitutional law
subject: Verfassungspolitik
subject: constitutional policy
subject: 340

description: Verfassungsblatt, vol. 1 (2023), no. 10, p. 1519
Curvature of the chiral phase transition line from the magnetic equation of state of (2+1)-flavor QCD
Creators: name: Ding, H. -T.
name: Kaczmarek, O.
name: Karsch, F.
name: Petreczky, P.
name: Sarkar, Mugdha
name: Schmidt, C.
name: Sharma, Sipaz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the dependence of the chiral phase transition temperature on baryon number and strangeness chemical potentials by calculating the leading order curvature coefficients in the light and strange quark flavor basis as well as in the conserved charge ($B, S$) basis. Making use of scaling properties of the magnetic equation of state (MEoS) and including diagonal as well as off-diagonal contributions in the expansion of the energy-like scaling variable that enters the parametrization of the MEoS, allows to explore the variation of $T_c(μ_B,μ_S) = T_c ( 1 - (κ_2^B \hatμ_B^2 + κ_2^S \hatμ_S^2 + 2κ_{11}^{BS} \hatμ_B \hatμ_S))$ along different lines in the $(μ_B,μ_S)$ plane. On lattices with fixed cut-off in units of temperature, $aT=1/8$, we find $κ_2^B=0.015(1)$, $κ_2^S=0.0124(5)$ and $κ_{11}^{BS}=-0.0050(7)$. We show that the chemical potential dependence along the line of vanishing strangeness chemical potential is about 10\% larger than along the strangeness neutral line. The latter differs only by about $3\%$ from the curvature on a line of vanishing strange quark chemical potential, $μ_s=0$. We also show that close to the chiral limit the strange quark mass contributes like an energy-like variable in scaling relations for pseudo-critical temperatures. The chiral phase transition temperature decreases with decreasing strange quark mass, $T_c(m_s)= T_c(m_s^{\rm phy}) (1 - 0.097(2) (m_s-m_s^{\rm phys})/m_s^{\rm phy}+{\cal O}((Δm_s)^2)$.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures, updated to published version
Human Adaptation as a Behavioural Strategy: Preliminary Considerations for Web Interaction
Creators: name: # Web Ergonomics Laboratory
name: Vigo, Markel
name: Harper, Simon
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: Theoretical Computer Science
Applied Computer Science

description: In addition to explicit consequences such as learning or task completion, the interaction of individuals’ with the Web has some other implicit outcomes: the behavioural strategies adopted while interacting in the Web lead individuals to a better adjustment to Web environments. This means that individuals gain problem-solving skills and knowledge, their actions become automatic and they are able to better anticipate the effect of their actions. As a result, users interact with an increased efficiency. However, attaining these skills comes at the cost of coping in the Web. The aim of the COPE project is to facilitate the skill gaining process removing the need to cope. To do so, predicting coping strategies and being able to intervene in such cases is of utmost importance. This technical report draws from diverse disciplines such as cognitive psychology, ethology, behaviourism and evolutionary biology, amongst others, to establish the theoretical foundations that lead us to achieve the goal of the project.
Modeling JWST MIRI-MRS Observations of T Cha: Mid-IR Noble Gas Emission Tracing a Dense Disk Wind
Creators: name: Sellek, Andrew D.
name: Bajaj, Naman S.
name: Pascucci, Ilaria
name: Clarke, Cathie J.
name: Alexander, Richard
name: Xie, Chengyan
name: Ballabio, Giulia
name: Deng, Dingshan
name: Gorti, Uma
name: Gaspar, Andras
name: Morrison, Jane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: [Ne II] 12.81 $μ\mathrm{m}$ emission is a well-used tracer of protoplanetary disk winds due to its blueshifted line profile. MIRI-MRS recently observed T Cha, detecting this line along with lines of [Ne III], [Ar II] and [Ar III], with the [Ne II] and [Ne III] lines found to be extended while the [Ar II] was not. In this complementary work, we use these lines to address long-debated questions about protoplanetary disk winds regarding their mass-loss rate, the origin of their ionization, and the role of magnetically-driven winds as opposed to photoevaporation. To this end, we perform photoionization radiative transfer on simple hydrodynamic wind models to map the line emission. We compare the integrated model luminosities to those observed with MIRI-MRS to identify which models most closely reproduce the data and produce synthetic images from these to understand what information is captured by measurements of the line extents. Along with the low degree of ionization implied by the line ratios, the relative compactness of [Ar II] compared to [Ne II] is particularly constraining. This requires Ne II production by hard X-rays and Ar II production by soft X-rays (and/or EUV) in an extended ($\gtrsim 10$ au) wind that is shielded from soft X-rays - necessitating a dense wind with material launched on scales down to ~1 au. Such conditions could be produced by photoevaporation, whereas an extended MHD wind producing equal shielding would likely underpredict the line fluxes. However, a tenuous inner MHD wind may still contribute to shielding the extended wind. This picture is consistent with constraints from spectrally-resolved line profiles.
description: 32 pages, 16 figures, Accepted 14/03/24 to the Astronomical Journal. Complementary modeling to Bajaj et al. 2024 (arXiv:2403.01060)
X-LLaVA: Optimizing Bilingual Large Vision-Language Alignment
Creators: name: Shin, Dongjae
name: Lim, Hyeonseok
name: Won, Inho
name: Choi, Changsu
name: Kim, Minjun
name: Song, Seungwoo
name: Yoo, Hangyeol
name: Kim, Sangmin
name: Lim, Kyungtae
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The impressive development of large language models (LLMs) is expanding into the realm of large multimodal models (LMMs), which incorporate multiple types of data beyond text. However, the nature of multimodal models leads to significant expenses in the creation of training data. Furthermore, constructing multilingual data for LMMs presents its own set of challenges due to language diversity and complexity. Therefore, in this study, we propose two cost-effective methods to solve this problem: (1) vocabulary expansion and pretraining of multilingual LLM for specific languages, and (2) automatic and elaborate construction of multimodal datasets using GPT4-V. Based on015 these methods, we constructed a 91K English-Korean-Chinese multilingual, multimodal training dataset. Additionally, we developed a bilingual multimodal model that exhibits excellent performance in both Korean and English, surpassing existing approaches.
A model of access combining triage with initial management reduced waiting time for community outpatient services: a stepped wedge cluster randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: Harding, Katherine
name: Leggat, Sandra
name: Watts, Jennifer J
name: Kent, Bridie
name: Prendergast, Luke
name: Kotis, Michelle
name: O'Reilly, Mary
name: Karimi, Leila
name: Lewis, Annie
name: Snowdon, David
name: Taylor, Nicholas
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 32
subject: Biomedical and clinical sciences
classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences
classificationCode: 4203
subject: Health services and systems

description: Background: Long waiting times are associated with public community outpatient health services. This trial aimed to determine if a new model of care based on evidence-based strategies that improved patient flow in two small pilot trials could be used to reduce waiting time across a variety of services. The key principle of the Specific Timely Appointments for Triage (STAT) model is that patients are booked directly into protected assessment appointments and triage is combined with initial management as an alternative to a waiting list and triage system. Methods: A stepped wedge cluster randomised controlled trial was conducted between October 2015 and March 2017, involving 3116 patients at eight sites across a major Australian metropolitan health network. Results: The intervention reduced waiting time to first appointment by 33.8% (IRR = 0.663, 95% CI 0.516 to 0.852, P = 0.001). Median waiting time decreased from a median of 42 days (IQR 19 to 86) in the control period to a median of 24 days (IQR 13 to 48) in the intervention period. A substantial reduction in variability was also noted. The model did not impact on most secondary outcomes, including time to second appointment, likelihood of discharge by 12 weeks and number of appointments provided, but was associated with a small increase in the rate of missed appointments. Conclusions: Broad-scale implementation of a model of access and triage that combined triage with initial management and actively managed the relationship between supply and demand achieved substantial reductions in waiting time without adversely impacting on other aspects of care. The reductions in waiting time are likely to have been driven, primarily, by substantial reductions for those patients previously considered low priority. Trial registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12615001016527 registration date: 29/09/2015.
A Data-driven Approach for Rapid Detection of Aeroelastic Modes from Flutter Flight Test Based on Limited Sensor Measurements
Creators: name: Das, Arpan
name: Marzocca, Pier
name: Coppotelli, Giuliano
name: Levinski, Oleg
name: Taylor, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Flutter flight test involves the evaluation of the airframes aeroelastic stability by applying artificial excitation on the aircraft lifting surfaces. The subsequent responses are captured and analyzed to extract the frequencies and damping characteristics of the system. However, noise contamination, turbulence, non-optimal excitation of modes, and sensor malfunction in one or more sensors make it time-consuming and corrupt the extraction process. In order to expedite the process of identifying and analyzing aeroelastic modes, this study implements a time-delay embedded Dynamic Mode Decomposition technique. This approach is complemented by Robust Principal Component Analysis methodology, and a sparsity promoting criterion which enables the automatic and optimal selection of sparse modes. The anonymized flutter flight test data, provided by the fifth author of this research paper, is utilized in this implementation. The methodology assumes no knowledge of the input excitation, only deals with the responses captured by accelerometer channels, and rapidly identifies the aeroelastic modes. By incorporating a compressed sensing algorithm, the methodology gains the ability to identify aeroelastic modes, even when the number of available sensors is limited. This augmentation greatly enhances the methodology's robustness and effectiveness, making it an excellent choice for real-time implementation during flutter test campaigns.
description: 31 pages, 12 figures, submitted in 'Mechanical Systems and Signal processing' journal
Pharmacological inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome reduces blood pressure, renal damage and dysfunction in salt-sensitive hypertension
Creators: name: Krishnan, Shalini M
name: Ling, Yeong H
name: Huuskes, Brooke
name: Ferens, Dorota
name: Saini, Narbada
name: Chan, Christopher T
name: Diep, Henry
name: Kett, Michelle M
name: Samuel, Chrishan S
name: Kemp-Harper, Barbara K
name: Robertson, Avril AB
name: Cooper, Matthew A
name: Peter, Karlheinz
name: Latz, Eicke
name: Mansell, Ashley
name: Sobey, Christopher
name: Drummond, Grant
name: Vinh, Antony
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 32
subject: Biomedical and clinical sciences
classificationCode: 3201
subject: Cardiovascular medicine and haematology
classificationCode: 3202
subject: Clinical sciences

description: Aims: Renal inflammation, leading to fibrosis and impaired function is a major contributor to the development of hypertension. The NLRP3 inflammasome mediates inflammation in several chronic diseases by processing the cytokines pro-interleukin (IL)-1β and pro-IL-18. In this study, we investigated whether MCC950, a recently-identified inhibitor of NLRP3 activity, reduces blood pressure (BP), renal inflammation, fibrosis and dysfunction in mice with established hypertension. 
Methods and results: C57BL6/J mice were made hypertensive by uninephrectomy and treatment with deoxycorticosterone acetate (2.4 mg/day, s.c.) and 0.9% NaCl in the drinking water (1K/DOCA/salt). Normotensive controls were uninephrectomized and received normal drinking water. Ten days later, mice were treated with MCC950 (10 mg/kg/day, s.c.) or vehicle (saline, s.c.) for up to 25 days. BP was monitored by tail-cuff or radiotelemetry; renal function by biochemical analysis of 24-h urine collections; and kidney inflammation/pathology was assessed by real-time PCR for inflammatory gene expression, flow cytometry for leucocyte influx, and Picrosirius red histology for collagen. Over the 10 days post-surgery, 1K/DOCA/salt-treated mice became hypertensive, developed impaired renal function, and displayed elevated renal levels of inflammatory markers, collagen and immune cells. MCC950 treatment from day 10 attenuated 1K/DOCA/salt-induced increases in renal expression of inflammasome subunits (NLRP3, ASC, pro-caspase-1) and inflammatory/injury markers (pro-IL-18, pro-IL-1β, IL-17A, TNF-α, osteopontin, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, CCL2, vimentin), each by 25-40%. MCC950 reduced interstitial collagen and accumulation of certain leucocyte subsets in kidneys of 1K/DOCA/salt-treated mice, including CD206 + (M2-like) macrophages and interferon-gamma-producing T cells. Finally, MCC950 partially reversed 1K/DOCA/salt-induced elevations in BP, urine output, osmolality, [Na + ], and albuminuria (each by 20-25%). None of the above parameters were altered by MCC950 in normotensive mice. 
Conclusion: MCC950 was effective at reducing BP and limiting renal inflammation, fibrosis and dysfunction in mice with established hypertension. This study provides proof-of-concept that pharmacological inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome is a viable anti-hypertensive strategy.
Adiabatic Bottlenecks in Quantum Annealing and Nonequilibrium Dynamics of Paramagnons
Creators: name: Bode, Tim
name: Wilhelm, Frank K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The correspondence between long-range interacting quantum spin glasses and combinatorial optimization problems underpins the physical motivation for adiabatic quantum computing. On one hand, in disordered (quantum) spin systems, the focus is on exact methods such as the replica trick that allow the calculation of system quantities in the limit of infinite system and ensemble size. On the other hand, when solving a given instance of an optimization problem, disorder-averaged quantities are of no relevance, as one is solely interested in instance-specific, finite-size properties, in particular the true solution. Here, we apply the nonequilibrium Green-function formalism to the spin coherent-state path integral to obtain the statistical fluctuations and the collective-excitation spectrum along the annealing path. For the example of the quantum Sherrington-Kirkpatrick spin glass, by comparing to extensive numerically exact results, we show that this method provides access to the instance-specific bottlenecks of the annealing protocol.
description: 14 pages, 23 figures
title: Antiquity and capitalism
title: the finance-growth perspective
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Dombi, Akos
name: Grigoriadis, Theocharis
name: Zhu, Junbing
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: antiquity
subject: finance-growth nexus
subject: interest groups
subject: rent-seeking
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::330 Wirtschaft::337 Weltwirtschaft

description: This paper explores the impact of antiquity on capitalism through the finance-growth nexus. We define antiquity as the length of established statehood (i.e., state history) and agricultural years. We argue that extractive institutions and deeply entrenched interest groups may prevail in societies with ancient roots. The paper offers an in-depth analysis of one particular channel through which extractive institutions may impair economic growth: the finance-growth channel. We propose that in countries with ancient statehood, the financial sector might be captured by powerful economic and political elites leading to a distorted finance-growth relationship. We build a model in which the equilibrium relationship between companies and banks depends on the entrenchment of the economic elites and the length of established statehood. To validate our argument empirically, we run panel-threshold regressions on a global sample between 1970 and 2014. The regression results are supportive and show that financial development – measured by the outstanding amount of credit – is negative for growth in states with ancient institutional origins, while it is positive in relatively younger ones.
title: Staatliche und private Nachhaltigkeitsverantwortung
Creators: name: Hellgardt, Alexander
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst für internationale und interdisziplinäre Rechtsforschung
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nachhaltigkeit
subject: 340

description: Den Staat trifft gemäß Art. 20a GG eine umfassende Nachhaltigkeitsverantwortung, die das Bundesverfassungsgericht im Klimabeschluss anhand der Ziele des Pariser Klimaschutzübereinkommens konkretisiert hat. Viele Nachhaltigkeitsbelange können aber nur unter maßgeblicher Mitwirkung privater Wirtschaftsakteure erreicht werden. Der Gesetzgeber ist aufgrund von Art. 20a GG verpflichtet, entsprechende Gesetze zu erlassen, etwa CO2-Grenzwerte festzulegen, umweltschädliche Technologien zu regulieren oder ein Emissionshandelssystem zu errichten. Dadurch wird den privaten Wirtschaftsteilnehmern eine sekundäre Nachhaltigkeitsverantwortung nach Maßgabe des einfachen Rechts übertragen. In dem Vortrag soll untersucht werden, ob daneben auch eine primäre Nachhaltigkeitsverantwortung Privater besteht, die diese unabhängig von der Ausgestaltung der einfachen Rechtsordnung zu einem nachhaltigen Wirtschaften verpflichtet. Diese Frage wird virulent, wenn der Gesetzgeber seiner eigenen Nachhaltigkeitsverantwortung nicht gerecht wird. Können sich dann Private untereinander auf Art. 20a GG berufen und etwa ein Handeln oder Unterlassen privater Wirtschaftsunternehmen einfordern, das dazu beitragen soll, die Ziele des Pariser Abkommens zu erreichen? Lassen sich unerfüllte Regelungsaufträge gegen den Staat durchsetzen? Oder gegen Private? In welchem Verhältnis stehen mit anderen Worten staatliche und private Nachhaltigkeitsverantwortung zueinander? Alexander Hellgardt studierte Rechtswissenschaft und Philosophie in Tübingen und promovierte bei Klaus J. Hopt am Hamburger MPI zu einem kapitalmarktrechtlichen Thema. Nach einem LL.M.-Studium in Harvard war er wissenschaftlicher Referent am MPI für Steuerrecht bei Wolfgang Schön und habilitierte sich mit einer Arbeit über Verhaltenssteuerung im Privatrecht an der LMU München. Er ist Inhaber des Lehrstuhls für Bürgerliches Recht, Unternehmensrecht und Grundlagen des Rechts an der Universität Regensburg und verbrachte Forschungsaufenthalte in Oxford und Cambridge. Seine Forschungsschwerpunkte liegen im Kapitalmarktrecht, bei den Grundlagen des (Privat-)Rechts und der empirischen Erforschung der Steuerungswirkung des Rechts.
Referential AUD based on CPI (2012e)
Creators: name: J Perezgonzalez
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: Economics

description: Referential AUD provides the inflator/deflator multiplier for standardizing referential AUS dollars (rAUD, r$). It is based on the average annual CPI (Consumer Price Index), weighted average of 8 capital cities, for all groups (Rate Inflation, 20123). (Also retrievable from Wiki of Science.) Referential GBP provides the inflator/deflator multiplier for standardizing UK pounds (rGBP, r£) (within the philosophy of referential currencies). It is based on the average annual CPI for Great Britain. (Also retrievable from Wiki of Science.) - See more at: http://figshare.com/articles/Referential_GBP_based_on_CPI_2012e_/709023#sthash.iEENzN7y.dpuf Referential GBP provides the inflator/deflator multiplier for standardizing UK pounds (rGBP, r£) (within the philosophy of referential currencies). It is based on the average annual CPI for Great Britain. (Also retrievable from Wiki of Science.) - See more at: http://figshare.com/articles/Referential_GBP_based_on_CPI_2012e_/709023#sthash.iEENzN7y.dpuf
The behavior of rising bubbles covered by particles
Creators: name: Wang, Peipei
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: Bubble-particle aggregates play a dominant role in separation processes such as froth flotation. Previous studies on individual rising bubble motion have mainly focused on gas-liquid two-phase systems and there has been no systematic investigation on the influence of particles on the rising behavior of particle-laden bubbles. In this project, clear visualization of the behavior of bubble-particle aggregates is achieved by using capillaries to generate bubbles of controlled size in a transparent experimental rig, which are released after attachment of particles is achieved. The pendant drop model was used and fitted to the edge points of the bubbles to calculate their particle surface coverage. High-speed photography and image analysis techniques were used to record and analyze the hydrodynamics of rising bubbles in terms of velocity and aspect ratio. The influence of particle coverage and particle size on the behavior of rising bubbles was studied. In addition, the buoyancy force, drag force as well as the mass force on the particles and bubbles were calculated and interpreted. Results show that with the increase of particle coverage or attached particle size, the aspect ratio oscillation patterns of the rising bubbles are similar and the high frequency oscillation periods do not change significantly. This indicates that the capillary wave caused by surface tension does not change, it is the hydrodynamic force that differentiates bubble motion. With the increase of particle size or coverage, the rising bubbles show a lower velocity as well as a damped aspect ratio oscillation. Particles attached on the bubbles decrease the bubble acceleration, and this acceleration is inversely correlated to the bubble aspect ratio and its change. The highest rising velocities correspond to the lowest aspect ratios and vice versa, independently of the particle size or coverage. A particle drag modification factor, which quantifies the drag influence of particles on bubble velocity, was identified from force analysis. A modified drag coefficient for uncoated and particle-laden bubbles was introduced, which allows, for the first time, to predict the behavior of rising particle-laden bubbles in gas-liquid-solid systems. The results and interpretation produced a quantitative description of the behavior of rising particle-laden bubbles and the development of correlations that can be used to inform the modelling of industrial applications such as pulp phase phenomena in froth flotation.
title: Nachhaltige Privatrechtstheorie
Creators: name: Michaels, Ralf
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst für internationale und interdisziplinäre Rechtsforschung
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 340

description: Nachhaltigkeit wird oft als Angelegenheit des öffentlichen Rechts betrachtet, nicht des Privatrechts. Diskussionen zum Privatrecht betreffen entweder konkrete kleine Änderungen - ein Recht auf Nachbesserung, verlängerte Gewährleistungsfristen – oder die Übertragbarkeit der Regulierungsfunktion aus dem öffentlichen Recht. Diese Zuordnung von Nachhaltigkeitsbelangen zum öffentlichen Recht entspricht der traditionellen Unterscheidung zwischen privater und öffentlicher Sphäre, zwischen Wirtschaft und Staat, zwischen Wachstums- und Gerechtigkeitserwägungen, die sich in der Unterscheidung zwischen privatem und öffentlichem Recht widerspiegelt. Die Nachhaltigkeit fügt nun der Dichotomie von Wirtschaft und Recht eine dritte Dimension hinzu - die Umwelt – transzendiert damit die Unterscheidung zwischen öffentlichem und privatem Recht, und fordert die Grundlagen auch des Privatrechts heraus. Die Herausforderung ist groß, denn unsere privatrechtlichen Konzepte wurden nicht im römischen Recht und auch nicht im Jahr 1804 entwickelt, sondern in und durch die industrielle Revolution, die Hauptursache für unsere derzeitige Klimakrise. Infolgedessen ist das Privatrecht ein Gesetz des Wachstums und der Verschwendung. Es begünstigt eine nicht nachhaltige Expansion und macht die negativen externen Effekte unsichtbar, die dadurch entstehen - für künftige Generationen, für die Menschen im globalen Süden und für die Umwelt. Das zu zeigen und Wege zum Paradigmenwechsel zu entwerfen, wird Inhalt des Vortrags sein. Ralf Michaels ist Direktor am Max-Planck-Institut für ausländisches und internationales Privatrecht in Hamburg, Global Law Professor an der Queen Mary University of London und Professor für Rechtswissenschaften an der Universität Hamburg. Bis 2019 war er Arthur Larson Professor an der Duke University School of Law. Seine Forschung betrifft vor allem Grundlagen des internationalen Privatrechts, dekoloniale Rechtsvergleichung, sowie Theorie globaler Rechtspluralität und Fragen der Nachhaltigkeit im Recht.
High resolution in-vivo diffusion tensor cardiovascular magnetic resonance using a spiral k-space trajectory
Creators: name: Gorodezky, Margarita
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: Diffusion tensor cardiovascular magnetic resonance (DT-CMR) is a non-invasive imaging technique that provides insight into myocardial microstructure. Recently, there has been growing interest in DT-CMR and an increasing number of clinical studies. Due to limited spatial resolution, DT-CMR is often not possible in thinned myocardium due to disorders such as myocardial infarction (MI). The aim of this work is to increase the spatial resolution of DT-CMR and apply this new method in a cohort of MI patients. An interleaved variable-density spiral stimulated echo acquisition mode DT-CMR sequence with two interleaves was implemented and validated in phantoms, healthy volunteers and MI patients at a resolution of 1.8×1.8×8mm3. Corrections for motion-induced phase, off-resonance and T2* were developed. The frequency segmented off-resonance correction used a novel stimulated echo acquisition mode based field-map acquisition with a motion-induced phase correction and a reduced field-of-view. High-resolution DT-CMR was successfully acquired in all subjects. The artefact corrections were essential for high quality spiral DT-CMR data. DT-CMR parameters were similar between the proposed high-resolution sequence and established methods at standard-resolutions in healthy volunteers. Secondary eigenvector angulation (E2A) was evaluated for the first time in MI patients. Systolic E2A decreased with a gradient from highest in the remote, through the peri-infarcted and infarcted regions. The difference in E2A between systole and diastole was reduced in all regions relative to controls suggesting reduced sheetlet mobility and that the whole myocardium is affected by remodeling. This is the first demonstration of DT-CMR at this high-resolution and the work suggests that clinical translation is possible. The artefact corrections developed are essential for spiral DT-CMR and the new technical developments may find use in other spiral applications. In addition to the original aims, the work provides potential new insights into microstructural changes in MI.
All-order Feynman rules for leading-twist gauge-invariant operators in QCD
Creators: name: Somogyi, G.
name: Van Thurenhout, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the Feynman rules for leading-twist gauge-invariant quark and gluon operators with an arbitrary number of total derivatives and applicable to any order in perturbation theory. This generalizes previous results and constitutes a necessary ingredient in the computation of the matrix elements of the corresponding operators. The results are written in a form appropriate for implementation in a computer algebra system. To illustrate the latter we provide implementations in Mathematica and FORM, which are made available at https://github.com/vtsam/NKLO.
description: 22 pages, LaTex, 9 figures, v2: major revision: conventions for quark operator rules changed and Feynman rules for gluon operators were added
Relationship between pilot duty hours and accidents
Creators: name: J Perezgonzalez
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Aerospace Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: In 2002, Goode carried out research to assess the potential effect of duty hours on human-factors-related accidents in commercial aviation. The study identified several time brackets of continuous duty time, then calculated the number of hours contemporary pilots work within those brackets (as a proxy for historical work hours) against historical accidents that occurred when pilots were on duty within similar brackets. The results showed a relationship between hours on duty and amount of accidents. Workloads of 10 hours or more made up just 10% of total duty time yet 21% of human-factors-related accidents also occurred within those brackets. In terms of relative risk, there was a 73% chance of accidents occurring when pilots had been on duty for 10 or more hours.
A multi-criteria approach for selecting an explanation from the set of counterfactuals produced by an ensemble of explainers
Creators: name: Stępka, Ignacy
name: Lango, Mateusz
name: Stefanowski, Jerzy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Counterfactuals are widely used to explain ML model predictions by providing alternative scenarios for obtaining the more desired predictions. They can be generated by a variety of methods that optimize different, sometimes conflicting, quality measures and produce quite different solutions. However, choosing the most appropriate explanation method and one of the generated counterfactuals is not an easy task. Instead of forcing the user to test many different explanation methods and analysing conflicting solutions, in this paper, we propose to use a multi-stage ensemble approach that will select single counterfactual based on the multiple-criteria analysis. It offers a compromise solution that scores well on several popular quality measures. This approach exploits the dominance relation and the ideal point decision aid method, which selects one counterfactual from the Pareto front. The conducted experiments demonstrated that the proposed approach generates fully actionable counterfactuals with attractive compromise values of the considered quality measures.
description: 17 pages, 2 figures
Pharmacological inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome reduces blood pressure, renal damage and dysfunction in salt-sensitive hypertension
Creators: name: Krishnan, Shalini M
name: Ling, Yeong H
name: Huuskes, Brooke
name: Ferens, Dorota
name: Saini, Narbada
name: Chan, Christopher T
name: Diep, Henry
name: Kett, Michelle M
name: Samuel, Chrishan S
name: Kemp-Harper, Barbara K
name: Robertson, Avril AB
name: Cooper, Matthew A
name: Peter, Karlheinz
name: Latz, Eicke
name: Mansell, Ashley
name: Sobey, Christopher
name: Drummond, Grant
name: Vinh, Antony
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: Aims: Renal inflammation, leading to fibrosis and impaired function is a major contributor to the development of hypertension. The NLRP3 inflammasome mediates inflammation in several chronic diseases by processing the cytokines pro-interleukin (IL)-1β and pro-IL-18. In this study, we investigated whether MCC950, a recently-identified inhibitor of NLRP3 activity, reduces blood pressure (BP), renal inflammation, fibrosis and dysfunction in mice with established hypertension. 
Methods and results: C57BL6/J mice were made hypertensive by uninephrectomy and treatment with deoxycorticosterone acetate (2.4 mg/day, s.c.) and 0.9% NaCl in the drinking water (1K/DOCA/salt). Normotensive controls were uninephrectomized and received normal drinking water. Ten days later, mice were treated with MCC950 (10 mg/kg/day, s.c.) or vehicle (saline, s.c.) for up to 25 days. BP was monitored by tail-cuff or radiotelemetry; renal function by biochemical analysis of 24-h urine collections; and kidney inflammation/pathology was assessed by real-time PCR for inflammatory gene expression, flow cytometry for leucocyte influx, and Picrosirius red histology for collagen. Over the 10 days post-surgery, 1K/DOCA/salt-treated mice became hypertensive, developed impaired renal function, and displayed elevated renal levels of inflammatory markers, collagen and immune cells. MCC950 treatment from day 10 attenuated 1K/DOCA/salt-induced increases in renal expression of inflammasome subunits (NLRP3, ASC, pro-caspase-1) and inflammatory/injury markers (pro-IL-18, pro-IL-1β, IL-17A, TNF-α, osteopontin, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, CCL2, vimentin), each by 25-40%. MCC950 reduced interstitial collagen and accumulation of certain leucocyte subsets in kidneys of 1K/DOCA/salt-treated mice, including CD206 + (M2-like) macrophages and interferon-gamma-producing T cells. Finally, MCC950 partially reversed 1K/DOCA/salt-induced elevations in BP, urine output, osmolality, [Na + ], and albuminuria (each by 20-25%). None of the above parameters were altered by MCC950 in normotensive mice. 
Conclusion: MCC950 was effective at reducing BP and limiting renal inflammation, fibrosis and dysfunction in mice with established hypertension. This study provides proof-of-concept that pharmacological inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome is a viable anti-hypertensive strategy.
Vesiclepedia 2019: a compendium of RNA, proteins, lipids and metabolites in extracellular vesicles
Creators: name: Pathan, Mohashin
name: Fonseka, Pamali
name: Chitti, Sai Vara Prasad
name: Kang, Taeyoung
name: Sanwlani, Rahul
name: Van Deun, Jan
name: Hendrix, An
name: Mathivanan, Suresh
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
classificationCode: 3101
subject: Biochemistry and cell biology
classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
classificationCode: 41
subject: Environmental sciences

description: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membranous vesicles that are released by both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells into the extracellular microenvironment. EVs can be categorised as exosomes, ectosomes or shedding microvesicles and apoptotic bodies based on the mode of biogenesis. EVs contain biologically active cargo of nucleic acids, proteins, lipids and metabolites that can be altered based on the precise state of the cell. Vesiclepedia (http://www.microvesicles.org) is a web-based compendium of RNA, proteins, lipids and metabolites that are identified in EVs from both published and unpublished studies. Currently, Vesiclepedia contains data obtained from 1254 EV studies, 38 146 RNA entries, 349 988 protein entries and 639 lipid/metabolite entries. Vesiclepedia is publicly available and allows users to query and download EV cargo based on different search criteria. The mode of EV isolation and characterization, the biophysical and molecular properties and EV-METRIC are listed in the database aiding biomedical scientists in assessing the quality of the EV preparation and the corresponding data obtained. In addition, FunRich-based Vesiclepedia plugin is incorporated aiding users in data analysis.
FEEL: A Framework for Evaluating Emotional Support Capability with Large Language Models
Creators: name: Zhang, Huaiwen
name: Chen, Yu
name: Wang, Ming
name: Feng, Shi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Emotional Support Conversation (ESC) is a typical dialogue that can effectively assist the user in mitigating emotional pressures. However, owing to the inherent subjectivity involved in analyzing emotions, current non-artificial methodologies face challenges in effectively appraising the emotional support capability. These metrics exhibit a low correlation with human judgments. Concurrently, manual evaluation methods extremely will cause high costs. To solve these problems, we propose a novel model FEEL (Framework for Evaluating Emotional Support Capability with Large Lan-guage Models), employing Large Language Models (LLMs) as evaluators to assess emotional support capabilities. The model meticulously considers various evaluative aspects of ESC to apply a more comprehensive and accurate evaluation method for ESC. Additionally, it employs a probability distribution approach for a more stable result and integrates an ensemble learning strategy, leveraging multiple LLMs with assigned weights to enhance evaluation accuracy. To appraise the performance of FEEL, we conduct extensive experiments on existing ESC model dialogues. Experimental results demonstrate our model exhibits a substantial enhancement in alignment with human evaluations compared to the baselines. Our source code is available at https://github.com/Ansisy/FEEL.
description: Accepted to ICIC 2024
Automated System-level Testing of Unmanned Aerial Systems
Creators: name: Sartaj, Hassan
name: Muqeet, Asmar
name: Iqbal, Muhammad Zohaib
name: Khan, Muhammad Uzair
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Unmanned aerial systems (UAS) rely on various avionics systems that are safety-critical and mission-critical. A major requirement of international safety standards is to perform rigorous system-level testing of avionics software systems. The current industrial practice is to manually create test scenarios, manually/automatically execute these scenarios using simulators, and manually evaluate outcomes. The test scenarios typically consist of setting certain flight or environment conditions and testing the system under test in these settings. The state-of-the-art approaches for this purpose also require manual test scenario development and evaluation. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to automate the system-level testing of the UAS. The proposed approach (AITester) utilizes model-based testing and artificial intelligence (AI) techniques to automatically generate, execute, and evaluate various test scenarios. The test scenarios are generated on the fly, i.e., during test execution based on the environmental context at runtime. The approach is supported by a toolset. We empirically evaluate the proposed approach on two core components of UAS, an autopilot system of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and cockpit display systems (CDS) of the ground control station (GCS). The results show that the AITester effectively generates test scenarios causing deviations from the expected behavior of the UAV autopilot and reveals potential flaws in the GCS-CDS.
description: Published in Automated Software Engineering
Æurosphere Number zerØ, a theoretical semi-serious approach to a socio-political constitution of a new "Community", increased with genetic principles of systematic Ethics. — [DRAFT]
Creators: name: Jovenal, J.
name: Laquidara, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics
subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: Education
subject: History
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Economics
subject: Anthropology

description: [DRAFT #Ø]. The present theoretical discussion for the establishment of a so called "New Community in a New Town” [Aurosphere] was architectural prototyped on the political writings published between 24~25 May and 13 June 2005. Among the others, bio-ethical principles are used. They transfer the typical elements of biological ecosystems, the exaptation phenomena, and biological-genetic evolutionary mechanisms and strategies, to the scope of new social networks and human organizations. In this today’s review, the original expression of "Communism" has been replaced by the word "Community”. Although the new "Community" concept yet includes the principle of fairness, this theoretical paper sets out only some general rules and laws, without identifying practical requirements, to be dealt with in a separate document. In the present review, the original expression of "Communism" has been replaced by the new word "Community”. Although the new "Community" concept yet includes the principle of fairness, this paper sets out only general rules and laws, without identifying practical requirements.