cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Measurement of Parity Violation in the Early Universe using Gravitational-wave Detectors
Creators: name: Crowder, S. G.
name: Namba, R.
name: Mandic, V.
name: Mukohyama, S.
name: Peloso, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A stochastic gravitational-wave background (SGWB) is expected to arise from the superposition of many independent and unresolved gravitational-wave signals, of either cosmological or astrophysical origin. Some cosmological models (characterized, for instance, by a pseudo-scalar inflaton, or by some modification of gravity) break parity, leading to a polarized SGWB. We present a new technique to measure this parity violation, which we then apply to the recent results from LIGO to produce the first upper limit on parity violation in the SGWB, assuming a generic power-law SGWB spectrum across the LIGO sensitive frequency region. We also estimate sensitivity to parity violation of the future generations of gravitational-wave detectors, both for a power-law spectrum and for a model of axion inflation. This technique offers a new way of differentiating between the cosmological and astrophysical sources of the isotropic SGWB, as astrophysical sources are not expected to produce a polarized SGWB.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, 1 table
An efficient semi-supervised quality control system trained using physics-based MRI-artefact generators and adversarial training
Creators: name: Ravi, Daniele
name: Barkhof, Frederik
name: Alexander, Daniel C.
name: Puglisi, Lemuel
name: Parker, Geoffrey JM
name: Eshaghi, Arman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Large medical imaging data sets are becoming increasingly available, but ensuring sample quality without significant artefacts is challenging. Existing methods for identifying imperfections in medical imaging rely on data-intensive approaches, compounded by a scarcity of artefact-rich scans for training machine learning models in clinical research. To tackle this problem, we propose a framework with four main components: 1) artefact generators inspired by magnetic resonance physics to corrupt brain MRI scans and augment a training dataset, 2) abstract and engineered features to represent images compactly, 3) a feature selection process depending on the artefact class to improve classification, and 4) SVM classifiers to identify artefacts. Our contributions are threefold: first, physics-based artefact generators produce synthetic brain MRI scans with controlled artefacts for data augmentation. This will avoid the labour-intensive collection and labelling process of scans with rare artefacts. Second, we propose a pool of abstract and engineered image features to identify 9 different artefacts for structural MRI. Finally, we use an artefact-based feature selection block that, for each class of artefacts, finds the set of features providing the best classification performance. We performed validation experiments on a large data set of scans with artificially-generated artefacts, and in a multiple sclerosis clinical trial where real artefacts were identified by experts, showing that the proposed pipeline outperforms traditional methods. In particular, our data augmentation increases performance by up to 12.5 percentage points on accuracy, precision, and recall. The computational efficiency of our pipeline enables potential real-time deployment, promising high-throughput clinical applications through automated image-processing pipelines driven by quality control systems.
Numerical relativity in higher dimensions
Creators: name: Sperhake, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an overview of recent developments in numerical relativity studies of higher dimensional spacetimes with a focus on time evolutions of black-hole systems. After a brief review of the numerical techniques employed for these studies, we summarize results grouped into the following three areas: (i) Numerical studies of fundamental properties of black holes, (ii) Applications of black-hole collisions to the modeling of Trans-Planckian scattering, (iii) Numerical studies of asymptotically anti-de Sitter spacetimes in the context of the gauge-gravity duality.
description: 24 pages, Rapporteur article for the 13th Marcel Grossmann Meeting, submitted to IJMPD
Berberis vulgaris L.
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: A. vulgaris L. s. lat. Kleinarten:
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
Neural Moving Horizon Estimation for Robust Flight Control
Creators: name: Wang, Bingheng
name: Ma, Zhengtian
name: Lai, Shupeng
name: Zhao, Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Estimating and reacting to disturbances is crucial for robust flight control of quadrotors. Existing estimators typically require significant tuning for a specific flight scenario or training with extensive ground-truth disturbance data to achieve satisfactory performance. In this paper, we propose a neural moving horizon estimator (NeuroMHE) that can automatically tune its key parameters modeled by a neural network and adapt to different flight scenarios. We achieve this by deriving the analytical gradients of the MHE estimates with respect to the MHE weighting matrices, which enables a seamless embedding of the MHE as a learnable layer into the neural network for highly effective learning. Interestingly, we show that the gradients can be computed efficiently using a Kalman filter in a recursive form. Moreover, we develop a model-based policy gradient algorithm to train NeuroMHE directly from the quadrotor trajectory tracking error without needing the ground-truth disturbance data. The effectiveness of NeuroMHE is verified extensively via both simulations and physical experiments on quadrotors in various challenging flights. Notably, NeuroMHE outperforms a state-of-the-art neural network-based estimator, reducing force estimation errors by up to 76.7%, while using a portable neural network that has only 7.7% of the learnable parameters of the latter. The proposed method is general and can be applied to robust adaptive control of other robotic systems.
description: This paper (not the final version) has been accepted for publication in the IEEE Transactions on Robotics
title: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege, Bd. 45, Nr. 2 (2016)
Creators: name: Denkmalpflege In Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt Der Landesdenkmalpflege
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2016

description: Inhalt
 Editorial...81
 Projekt Youngtimer. Denkmalwerte der 1980er Jahre – eine Annäherung...82-89
 Lusthausruine im Stuttgarter Schlossgarten. Das Schicksal eines besonderen Denkmals...90-96
 Das Grabmal des Grafen Ludwig von Löwenstein-Wertheim und seiner Frau Anna in der Stiftskirche zu Wertheim. Die kultur- und kunsthistorische Bedeutung des Grabmals...97-103
 Nach Einsturzgefahr wieder dauerhaft konserviert: die Wertheimer „Bettlade“. Dokumentation, Voruntersuchung und Maßnahmen am Alabasterkunstwerk...104-109
 Die spätbarocken Giebelstuckaturen von Johann Michael Feichtmayr dem Jüngeren am Corps de Logis des Bruchsaler Schlosses. Zur Restaurierung eines Fassadenstucks aus dem 18. Jahrhundert...110-115
 Aus der Technikgeschichte des 19. Jahrhunderts. Die Eisenbahnbrücken von Unterreichenbach und Langenargen...116-120
 Pingen – „Eisenloch“ – Hochofen Relikte der neuzeitlichen Eisenindustrie in Hohenzollern...121-125
 Mit Laserscanner und Dendrobohrer Mörikes „Kugelbahn“ auf der Spur. Eine Kegelbahn des 18. Jahrhunderts in Tübingen...126-128
 Das Baudenkmal als Quelle für historisches Lernen. Eine Unterrichtseinheit für den gymnasialen Geschichtsunterricht zum Thema „Bauen im Mittelalter“...129-134
 „Wie ein schwarzer Fleck“ – Gefallenendenkmäler in Stuttgarter Gymnasien. Ein Schülerprojekt am Friedrich-Eugens-Gymnasium Stuttgart...135-138
 Jürgen Krüger: Kirchen in Karlsruhe und die Synagoge. Mit Beiträgen von Kurt Kramer, Susanne Labsch, Tobias Licht, Thomas Schalla...139
 Mitteilungen...139-142
 Die Landesdenkmalpflege
 Nachruf Ingeborg Breisacher...146-147
 Nachruf Prof. Dr. Edward Sangmeister...147-148
 Personalia...143-146
A random batch Ewald method for charged particles in the isothermal-isobaric ensemble
Creators: name: Liang, Jiuyang
name: Tan, Pan
name: Hong, Liang
name: Jin, Shi
name: Xu, Zhenli
name: Li, Lei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop an accurate, highly efficient and scalable random batch Ewald (RBE) method to conduct simulations in the isothermal-isobaric ensemble (the NPT ensemble) for charged particles in a periodic box. After discretizing the Langevin equations of motion derived using suitable Lagrangians, the RBE method builds the mini-batch strategy into the Fourier space in the Ewald summation for the pressure and forces so the computational cost is reduced from $\mathcal{O}(N^2)$ to $\mathcal{O}(N)$ per time step. We implement the method in the LAMMPS package and report accurate simulation results for both dynamical quantities and statistics for equilibrium for typical systems including all-atom bulk water and a semi-isotropic membrane system. Numerical simulations on massive supercomputing cluster are also performed to show promising CPU efficiency of RBE.
Controling the number of focal elements
Creators: name: Osswald, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A basic belief assignment can have up to 2^n focal elements, and combining them with a simple conjunctive operator will need O(2^2n) operations. This article proposes some techniques to limit the size of the focal sets of the bbas to be combined while preserving a large part of the information they carry. The first section revisits some well-known definitions with an algorithmic point of vue. The second section proposes a matrix way of building the least committed isopignistic, and extends it to some other bodies of evidence. The third section adapts the k-means algorithm for an unsupervized clustering of the focal elements of a given bba.
description: Belief 2012, Compi\`egne : France (2012)
Uncertainty quantification for wide-bin unfolding: one-at-a-time strict bounds and prior-optimized confidence intervals
Creators: name: Stanley, Michael
name: Patil, Pratik
name: Kuusela, Mikael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 15A29, 62F30, 62C05, 90C90

description: Unfolding is an ill-posed inverse problem in particle physics aiming to infer a true particle-level spectrum from smeared detector-level data. For computational and practical reasons, these spaces are typically discretized using histograms, and the smearing is modeled through a response matrix corresponding to a discretized smearing kernel of the particle detector. This response matrix depends on the unknown shape of the true spectrum, leading to a fundamental systematic uncertainty in the unfolding problem. To handle the ill-posed nature of the problem, common approaches regularize the problem either directly via methods such as Tikhonov regularization, or implicitly by using wide-bins in the true space that match the resolution of the detector. Unfortunately, both of these methods lead to a non-trivial bias in the unfolded estimator, thereby hampering frequentist coverage guarantees for confidence intervals constructed from these methods. We propose two new approaches to addressing the bias in the wide-bin setting through methods called One-at-a-time Strict Bounds (OSB) and Prior-Optimized (PO) intervals. The OSB intervals are a bin-wise modification of an existing guaranteed-coverage procedure, while the PO intervals are based on a decision-theoretic view of the problem. Importantly, both approaches provide well-calibrated frequentist confidence intervals even in constrained and rank-deficient settings. These methods are built upon a more general answer to the wide-bin bias problem, involving unfolding with fine bins first, followed by constructing confidence intervals for linear functionals of the fine-bin counts. We test and compare these methods to other available methodologies in a wide-bin deconvolution example and a realistic particle physics simulation of unfolding a steeply falling particle spectrum.
description: 32 pages, 11 figures
title: Pingen – „Eisenloch“ – Hochofen Relikte der neuzeitlichen Eisenindustrie in Hohenzollern
Creators: name: Tuchen, Birgit
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2016

description: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege, Bd. 45, Nr. 2 (2016), Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Ausgaben pro Band: 4
title: Kaikoura Earthquake Short-Term Project: landslide inventory and landslide dam assessments
Creators: name: Massey, Chris I
name: Townsend, Dougal B
name: Dellow, G. D.
name: Lukovic, Biljana
name: Rosser, Brenda J
name: Archibald, Garth C
name: Villeneuve, M
name: Davidson, J
name: Jones, Katie E
name: Morgenstern, Regine
name: Strong, Delia T
name: Lyndsell, Barbara M
name: Tunnicliffe, J
name: Carey, Jon M
name: McColl, S
Publisher: name: GNS Science
Year: 2019

description: The MW 7.8 14 November 2016 Kaikoura Earthquake generated more than 20,000 mapped landslides and about 200 significant landslide dams. Besides the immediate hazard from the landslides, cracked ground, landslide debris and landslide dams also pose longer-term risk to infrastructure, because if the landslides and debris remobilise and the dams breach, they could generate future debris flows and floods. These in turn, could sever transport routes and further damage infrastructure, adversely impacting the post-earthquake economic recovery of the region. The goal of this short-term project was to collect perishable (ephemeral) data on landslides and landslide dams generated by the earthquake. Currently there are more than 20,000 landslide source areas in the landslide inventory. Key findings from the landslide inventory are: 1) the number of large landslides (with source areas ≥10,000 m2) triggered by the Kaikoura Earthquake is fewer than the number of similar sized landslides triggered by other similar magnitude earthquakes in New Zealand; 2) the largest landslides (with volumes from 5 to 20 M m3) occurred either on or within 2,500 m of the 24 mapped faults that ruptured to the surface; and 3) the landslide density within 2,500 m of a mapped surface fault rupture is as much as three times higher than those densities farther than 2,500 m from a ruptured fault. Around 200 significant landslide dams generated by the earthquake have now been mapped and combined with data from past New Zealand and overseas landslide dams. These data have been used to develop a regional-scale, empirically-based tool to assess the post-formation likelihood of dam failure (breaching), which can be used for future landslide dam generating events. Many of the larger dams have also been investigated in detail and dam-breach models have been calibrated from back-analysing their failure. (auth)
Enhancing Continuous Variable Quantum Teleportation using Non-Gaussian Resources
Creators: name: Villaseñor, Eduardo
name: Malaney, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Continuous Variable (CV) non-Gaussian resources are fundamental in the realization of quantum error correction for CV-based quantum communications and CV-based computing. In this work, we investigate the use of CV non-Gaussian states as quantum teleportation resource states in the context of the transmission of coherent and squeezed states through noisy channels. We consider an array of different non-Gaussian resource states, and compute the fidelity of state teleportation achieved for each resource. Our results show that the use of non-Gaussian states presents a significant advantage compared to the traditional resource adopted for CV teleportation; the Gaussian two-mode squeezed vacuum state. In fiber-based quantum communications, the range of quantum teleportation is increased by approximately 40% via the use of certain non-Gaussian states. In satellite-to-ground quantum communications, for aperture configurations consistent with the Micius satellite, the viable range of quantum teleportation is increased from 700 km to over 1200 km. These results represent a significant increase in the performance of pragmatic and realizable quantum communications in both terrestrial and space-based networks.
description: Accepted for publication in 2021 IEEE GLOBECOM
Defect states and spin-orbital physics in doped vanadates Y1-xCaxVO3
Creators: name: Horsch, Peter
name: Oles, Andrzej M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a model for typical charged defects in weakly doped Y1-xCaxVO3 perovskites and study how they influence the magnetic and orbital order. Starting from a multiband Hubbard model, we show that the charge carriers introduced by doping are bound to the Ca defects with large binding energy of about 1 eV at small doping, and give rise to the in-gap absorption band observed in the optical spectroscopy. The central position of a generic Ca defect with eight equidistant vanadium neighbors implies a partly filled defect band and permits activated transport due to Coulomb disorder. We explore the effect of bound charge carriers on the dynamics of the (yz,zx) orbital and spin degrees of freedom in the context of a spin-orbital t-J model. After deriving the superexchange interactions around the doped hole, we show that the transition from G-type to C-type antiferromagnetic (AF) order is triggered by the kinetic energy of doped holes via the double-exchange mechanism. The defect states lead to local modification of orbital correlations within ferromagnetic chains along the c axis; some of them contain hole defects, while the charge-orbital coupling suppresses locally (yz,zx) orbital fluctuations in the others. Thereby, Ca defects provide a physical mechanism for spin-orbital dimerization along the ferromagnetic bonds, suggesting that, in the C-AF phase of weakly doped Y1-xCaxVO3, dimerization increases with doping.
description: 26 pages and 18 figures
A Complete Equational Theory for Quantum Circuits
Creators: name: Clément, Alexandre
name: Heurtel, Nicolas
name: Mansfield, Shane
name: Perdrix, Simon
name: Valiron, Benoît
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce the first complete equational theory for quantum circuits. More precisely, we introduce a set of circuit equations that we prove to be sound and complete: two circuits represent the same unitary map if and only if they can be transformed one into the other using the equations. The proof is based on the properties of multi-controlled gates -- that are defined using elementary gates -- together with an encoding of quantum circuits into linear optical circuits, which have been proved to have a complete axiomatisation.
description: 92 pages
On the existence of weak solutions for the 2D incompressible Euler equations with in-out flow and source and sink points
Creators: name: Bravin, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Well-posedness for the two dimensional Euler system with given initial vorticity is known since the works of Judovič. In this paper we show existence of solutions in the case where we allowed the fluid to enter in and exit from the boundaries and from some points of the fluid domain. In particular we derive the equations of the model as the limit when we replace the points by some small holes. To do that we extend the DiPerna-Lions theory with non-tangent velocity field on the boundary to the case of time-dependent domain, we extend the existence result for the two dimensional Euler system with in-out flow to time-dependent domain and finally we derive the system that models a fluid which is allowed to enter in and exit from the boundary and some points. The solutions are characterized by the presence of source, sink and vortex points.
Practical error bounds for properties in plane-wave electronic structure calculations
Creators: name: Cancès, Eric
name: Dusson, Geneviève
name: Kemlin, Gaspard
name: Levitt, Antoine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose accurate computable error bounds for quantities of interest in plane-wave electronic structure calculations, in particular ground-state density matrices and energies, and interatomic forces. These bounds are based on an estimation of the error in terms of the residual of the solved equations, which is then efficiently approximated with computable terms. After providing coarse bounds based on an analysis of the inverse Jacobian, we improve on these bounds by solving a linear problem in a small dimension that involves a Schur complement. We numerically show how accurate these bounds are on a few representative materials, namely silicon, gallium arsenide and titanium dioxide.
Conformal Bootstrap Deformations
Creators: name: Afkhami-Jeddi, Nima
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the space of extremal functionals in the conformal bootstrap. By recasting the bootstrap problem as a set of non-linear equations parameterized by the CFT data, we find an efficient algorithm for converging to the extremal solution corresponding to the boundary of allowed regions in the parameter space of CFTs. Furthermore, by deforming these solutions, we demonstrate that certain solutions corresponding to known theories are continuously connected. Employing these methods, we will explore the space of non-unitary CFTs in the context of modular as well as correlation function bootstrap. In two dimensions, we show that the extremal solution corresponding to the Ising model is connected to that of the Yang-Lee minimal model. By deforming this solution to three dimensions, we provide evidence that the CFT data obtained in this way is compatible with the $ε$-expansion for a non-unitary theory.
A Tungsten Deep Neural-Network Potential for Simulating Mechanical Property Degradation Under Fusion Service Environment
Creators: name: Wang, XiaoYang
name: Wang, YiNan
name: Zhang, LinFeng
name: Dai, FuZhi
name: Wang, Han
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tungsten is a promising candidate material in fusion energy facilities. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations reveal the atomistic scale mechanisms, so they are crucial for the understanding of the macroscopic property deterioration of tungsten under harsh and complex service environments. The interatomic potential used in the MD simulations is required to accurately describe a wide spectrum of relevant defect properties, which is by far challenging to the existing interatomic potentials. In this paper, we propose a new three-body embedding descriptor and hybridize it into the Deep-Potential (DP) framework, an end-to-end deep learning interatomic potential model. Trained with the dataset generated by a concurrent learning method, the potential model for tungsten, named by DP-HYB, is able to accurately predict a wide range of properties including elastic constants, stacking fault energy, the formation energies of free surfaces and point defects, which are included in the training dataset, and formation energies of grain boundaries and prismatic loops, the core structure of screw dislocation, the Peierls barrier and the transition path of the screw dislocation migration, which are not explicitly included in the training dataset. The DP-HYB is a good candidate for the atomistic simulations of tungsten property deterioration, especially those involving the mechanical property degradation under the harsh fusion service environment.
title: Personalia
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2016

description: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege, Bd. 45, Nr. 2 (2016), Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Ausgaben pro Band: 4
Comparing and extending the use of defeasible argumentation with quantitative data in real-world contexts
Creators: name: Rizzo, Lucas
name: Longo, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.4; I.2.1

description: Dealing with uncertain, contradicting, and ambiguous information is still a central issue in Artificial Intelligence (AI). As a result, many formalisms have been proposed or adapted so as to consider non-monotonicity, with only a limited number of works and researchers performing any sort of comparison among them. A non-monotonic formalism is one that allows the retraction of previous conclusions or claims, from premises, in light of new evidence, offering some desirable flexibility when dealing with uncertainty. This research article focuses on evaluating the inferential capacity of defeasible argumentation, a formalism particularly envisioned for modelling non-monotonic reasoning. In addition to this, fuzzy reasoning and expert systems, extended for handling non-monotonicity of reasoning, are selected and employed as baselines, due to their vast and accepted use within the AI community. Computational trust was selected as the domain of application of such models. Trust is an ill-defined construct, hence, reasoning applied to the inference of trust can be seen as non-monotonic. Inference models were designed to assign trust scalars to editors of the Wikipedia project. In particular, argument-based models demonstrated more robustness than those built upon the baselines despite the knowledge bases or datasets employed. This study contributes to the body of knowledge through the exploitation of defeasible argumentation and its comparison to similar approaches. The practical use of such approaches coupled with a modular design that facilitates similar experiments was exemplified and their respective implementations made publicly available on GitHub [120, 121]. This work adds to previous works, empirically enhancing the generalisability of defeasible argumentation as a compelling approach to reason with quantitative data and uncertain knowledge.
Lift at low Reynolds number
Creators: name: Bureau, Lionel
name: Coupier, Gwennou
name: Salez, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lift forces are widespread in hydrodynamics. These are typically observed for big and fast objects, and are often associated with a combination of fluid inertia (i.e. large Reynolds numbers) and specific symmetry-breaking mechanisms. In contrast, the properties of viscosity-dominated (i.e. low Reynolds numbers) flows make it more difficult for such lift forces to emerge. However, the inclusion of boundary effects qualitatively changes this picture. Indeed, in the context of soft and biological matter, recent studies have revealed the emergence of novel lift forces generated by boundary softness, flow gradients and/or surface charges. The aim of the present review is to gather and analyse this corpus of literature, in order to identify and unify the questioning within the associated communities, and pave the way towards future research.
Anisotropy of flow in stochastically generated porous media
Creators: name: Matyka, Maciej
name: Koza, Zbigniew
name: Gołembiewski, Jarosław
name: Kostur, Marcin
name: Januszewski, Michał
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Models of porous media are often applied to relatively small systems, which leads not only to system-size-dependent results, but also to phenomena that would be absent in larger systems. Here we investigate one such finite-size effect: anisotropy of the permeability tensor. We show that a non-zero angle between the external body force and macroscopic flux vector exists in three-dimensional periodic models of sizes commonly used in computer simulations and propose a criterion, based on the system size to the grain size ratio, for this phenomenon to be relevant or negligible. The finite-size anisotropy of the porous matrix induces a pressure gradient perpendicular to the axis of a porous duct and we analyze how this effect scales with the system and grain sizes.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
A Simulation Study of Functional Electrical Stimulation for An Upper Limb Rehabilitation Robot using Iterative Learning Control (ILC) and Linear models
Creators: name: Faremi, Boluwatife E.
name: Ayodele, Kayode P.
name: Jubril, Abimbola M.
name: Fakunle, Afeez A.
name: Olaogun, Mathew O. B.
name: Fawale, Micheal B.
name: Komolafe, Morenikeji A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: I.2.6; I.2.9; I.6.3; J.7

description: A proportional iterative learning control (P-ILC) for linear models of an existing hybrid stroke rehabilitation scheme is implemented for elbow extension/flexion during a rehabilitative task. Owing to transient error growth problem of P-ILC, a learning derivative constraint controller was included to ensure that the controlled system does not exceed a predefined velocity limit at every trial. To achieve this, linear transfer function models of the robot end-effector interaction with a stroke subject (plant) and muscle response to stimulation controllers were developed. A straight-line point-point trajectory of 0 - 0.3 m range served as the reference task space trajectory for the plant, feedforward, and feedback stimulation controllers. At each trial, a SAT-based bounded error derivative ILC algorithm served as the learning constraint controller. Three control configurations were developed and simulated. The system performance was evaluated using the root means square error (RMSE) and normalized RMSE. At different ILC gains over 16 iterations, a displacement error of 0.0060 m was obtained when control configurations were combined.
description: 15 pages, 16 Figures
Effective optoelectrical entanglement and strong mechanical squeezing in a multi-modulated optoelectromechanical system
Creators: name: Kalita, Sampreet
name: Shah, Saumya
name: Sarma, Amarendra K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose effective generation of entangled and squeezed states in an optoelectromechanical system comprising of a macroscopic LC electrical circuit and an optomechanical system. We obtain enhanced entanglement between optical and LC circuit modes that are coupled via a common mechanical mode in the microwave regime. We achieve this enhancement by a stepwise application of modulation in the laser drive, the voltage drive and the spring constant of the moveable end-mirror. The maximum amount of entanglement is observed to be primarily dependent on the voltage modulation and changes slightly with the parameters of the spring constant. Alongside the generated entanglement, we also study the variation of the maximum degree of squeezing in the mechanical mode for different parameter regimes.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Beyond Bell's theorem: Admissible hidden-variable models for the spin-singlet
Creators: name: Di Lorenzo, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Assuming that quantum mechanics is obeyed exactly after averaging over hidden variables, and considering models that obey both the hypotheses of free will and locality, we establish the form of all possible hidden-variable models that reproduce the spin-singlet.
description: Based on the oral presentation given at DICE 2012, submitted to J. Phys. Conf. Ser. No new results compared to arXiv:1105.1286 [quant-ph], just a different exposition. Reused an appendix reviewing some HV models that was excised in the final version of 1105.1286
The gravitational field outside a spatially compact stationary source in a generic fourth-order theory of gravity
Creators: name: Wu, Bofeng
name: Huang, Chao-Guang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By applying the symmetric and trace-free formalism in terms of the irreducible Cartesian tensors, the metric for the external gravitational field of a spatially compact stationary source is provided in $F(X,Y,Z)$ gravity, a generic fourth-order theory of gravity, where $X:=R$ is Ricci scalar, $Y:=R_{μν}R^{μν}$ is Ricci square, and $Z:=R_{μνρσ}R^{μνρσ}$ is Riemann square. A new type of gauge condition is proposed so that the linearized gravitational field equations of $F(X,Y,Z)$ gravity are greatly simplified, and then, the stationary metric in the region exterior to the source is derived. In the process of applying the result, integrations are performed only over the domain occupied by the source. The multipole expansion of the metric potential in $F(X,Y,Z)$ gravity for a spatially compact stationary source is also presented. In the expansion, the corrections of $F(X,Y,Z)$ gravity to General Relativity are Yukawa-like ones, dependent on two characteristic lengths. Two additional sets of mass-type source multipole moments appear in the corrections and the salient feature characterizing them is that the integrations in their expressions are always modulated by a common radial factor related to the source distribution.
description: 11 pages,accepted by JHEP
On the continuum limit of Landau gauge gluon and ghost propagators in SU(2) lattice gauge gluodynamics
Creators: name: Bogolubsky, I.
name: Ilgenfritz, E. -M.
name: Müller-Preussker, M.
name: Sternbeck, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We continue the systematic computation of Landau gauge gluon and ghost propagators of SU(2) gluodynamics using a sequence of increasing lattice sizes L^4 up to L=112 with corresponding β-values chosen to keep the linear physical size a(β)L ~ 9.6 fm fixed. To extremize the Landau gauge functional we employ simulated annealing combined with subsequent overrelaxation. Renormalizing the propagators at momentum μ= 2.2 GeV we observe quite strong lattice artifacts for the gluon propagator as well as for the ghost dressing function within the momentum region q < 1.0 GeV. The dependence on the lattice spacing for the gluon propagator at lowest accessible physical momentum values does not yet allow a simple extrapolation to the continuum limit. On the contrary, the running coupling derived from the bare dressing functions seems less affected by lattice artifacts.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, talk presented at the Xth Conference Quark Confinement and the Hadron Spectrum, October 8-12, 2012, Munich, Germany
Dislocation-mediated and twinning-induced plasticity of CoCrFeMnNi in varying tribological loading scenarios
Creators: name: Dollmann, Antje
name: Kauffmann, Alexander
name: Heilmaier, Martin
name: Tirunilai, Aditya Srinivasan
name: Mantha, Lakshmi Sravani
name: Kübel, Christian
name: Eder, Stefan J.
name: Schneider, Johannes
name: Greiner, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coarse-grained, metallic materials undergo microstructure refinement during tribological loading. This in turn results in changing tribological properties, so understanding deformation under tribological load is mandatory when designing tribological systems. Single-trace experiments were conducted to understand the initiation of deformation mechanisms acting in various tribological systems. The main scope of this work was to investigate the influence of normal and friction forces as well as crystal orientations on the dominating deformation mechanism in a face-centred cubic concentrated solid solution. While varying the normal force is easily realised, varying friction forces were achieved by using several counter body materials paired against CoCrFeMnNi. The subsurface deformation layer was either mediated through dislocation slip or twinning, depending on the grain orientation and on the tribological system. A layer dominated by dislocation-based deformation is characterised by lattice rotation, the formation of a dislocation trace line or subgrain formation. Such behaviour is observed for tribological systems with a low friction coefficient. For systems dominated by deformation twinning, three types of twin appearance were observed: small twins interacting with the surface, large twins and grains with two active twin systems. Two different twinning mechanisms are discussed as responsible for these characteristics.
Two-Path Solid-State Interferometry Using Ultra-Subwavelength 2D Plasmonic Waves
Creators: name: Yeung, Kitty Y. M.
name: Yoon, Hosang
name: Andress, William
name: West, Ken
name: Pfeiffer, Loren
name: Ham, Donhee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an on-chip solid-state Mach-Zehnder interferometer operating on two-dimensional (2D) plasmonic waves at microwave frequencies. Two plasmonic paths are defined with GaAs/AlGaAs 2D electron gas 80 nm below a metallic gate. The gated 2D plasmonic waves achieve a velocity of ~c/300 (c: free-space light speed). Due to this ultra-subwavelength confinement, the resolution of the 2D plasmonic interferometer is two orders of magnitude higher than that of its electromagnetic counterpart at a given frequency. This GHz proof-of-concept at cryogenic temperatures can be scaled to the THz IR range for room temperature operation, while maintaining the benefits of the ultra-subwavelength confinement.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures. The article has been submitted to Applied Physics Letters. After it is published, it will be found at http://apl.aip.org/
A comment on a fine-grained description of evaporating black holes with baby universes
Creators: name: Iizuka, Norihiro
name: Miyata, Akihiro
name: Ugajin, Tomonori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a partially fine-grained description of an evaporating black hole by introducing an open baby universe with a boundary. Since the Page's calculation of the entropy of Hawking radiation involves an ensemble average over a class of states, one can formally obtain a fine-grained state by purifying this setup. For AdS black holes with a holographic dual, this purification amounts to introducing an additional boundary (i.e., baby universe) and then connecting it to the original black hole through an Einstein-Rosen bridge. We uncover several details of this setup. As applications, we briefly discuss how this baby universe modifies the semi-classical gravitational Gauss law as well as the gravitational dressing of operators behind the horizon.
description: 27 Pages, 5 figures; v2: typos corrected, references added
title: Formation und Transformation von Orten
title: Formation and transformation of place
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Buchert, Margitta
Publisher: name: Berlin : Jovis
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: place and memory
subject: identity
subject: context
subject: genius loci
subject: design methodology
subject: architectural theory
subject: Ort und Erinnerung
subject: Identität
subject: Kontext
subject: Genius Loci
subject: Entwurfsmethodik
subject: Architekturtheorie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::700 | Künste, Bildende Kunst allgemein::720 | Architektur

description: Die Vielfalt der Ortsverständnisse wie auch der entwerferischen Intentionen und Interpretationen beim Verorten in der Architektur und Landschaftsarchitektur sind Thema dieses Beitrags von Margitta Buchert. Potenziale des Verortens als gezielter Weg der Architekturgestaltung werden am Beispiel von zeitgenössischen Architekturen und Freiräume aufgezeigt, die sich über eine bloße Lokalisierung am Standort 'in situ' hinaus, durch eine kreative Analyse und ein individuelles Weiterdenken des 'Ortes', seiner Natur, Geschichte, Architektur und Menschen, auszeichnen. Der Beitrag plädiert für eine Offenheit für das Vorgefundene, um mit der Architektur unverwechselbaren Lebensraum und ein Wahrnehmungsangebot zu schaffen, das den Menschen ermöglicht, ein Umwelt-Bewusstsein zu entwickeln und sich zu verorten.
description: The diversity of understandings of place as well as of design intentions and interpretations when locating in architecture and landscape architecture are the subject of this contribution by Margitta Buchert. The potentials of locating as a targeted way of architectural design are demonstrated and exemplified by contemporary architecture and open spaces, which are characterized by a creative analysis and further thinking of the ‚place‘, that go beyond the mere positioning of a building on a plot of land, by taking into account the surrounding nature, history, architecture, and people. The article pleads for being open to the given site, so that the architecture can create a unique living environment and a wealth of spatial experiences, enabling people to develop an environmental awareness and a sense of place.
Betula coriacea Buser
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: A. coriacea Buser Cat. 116. l: Salvan (Coquoz); Les Marecottes (J.); Finhaut (Schmidely). -3: Champex-Bovine (J.); Les Etablons (Besse); zwischen Saas-Grund und Fee (Cruchet). - 4: Aletschwald (Schröter, Lüdi).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
Photoluminescence in Ga/Bi co-doped silica glass
Creators: name: Razdobreev, Igor
name: Hamzaoui, Hicham El
name: Arion, Vladimir B.
name: Bouazaoui, Mohamed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bismuth-Gallium co-doped silica glass fiber preform was prepared from nano-porous silica xerogels using a conventional solution doping technique with a heterotrinuclear complex and subsequent sintering. Ga-connected optical Bismuth active center (BAC) was identified as the analogue of Al-connected BAC. Visible and infrared photoluminescence (PL) were investigated in a wide temperature range of 1.46-300 K. Based on the results of the continuous wave (CW) and time resolved spectroscopy we identify the centers emitting in the spectral region of 480-820 nm as Bi$^+$ ions. The near infrared (NIR) PL around 1100 nm consists of two bands. While the first one can be ascribed to the transition in Bi$^+$ ion, the second band is presumably associated to defects. We put in evidence the energy transfer between Bi$^+$ ions and the second NIR emitting center via quadrupole-quadrupole and dipole-quadrupole mechanisms of interactions. Finally, we propose the energy level diagram of Bi$^+$ ion interacting with this defect.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures, submitted to Optics Express
Minimisation of optical pathlength noise for the detection of gravitational waves with the spaceborne laser interferometer LISA and LISA pathfinder
Creators: name: García Marín, Antonio Francisco
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Gravitational waves
subject: space interferometry
subject: laser control loops
subject: Gravitationswellen
subject: Weltrauminterferometrie
subject: Laserstabilisierung
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Gravitational waves were predicted by Albert Einstein in 1916 as a consequence of his theory of general relativity. Hulse and Taylor provided indirect experimental evidence of their existence based on the increasing rotation frequency of a pulsar in the binary star system PSR 1913+16. They were awarded with the Nobel price in 1993. The direct detection of gravitational waves is expected to be one of the most exciting advances in physics in the next year.
title: Eduard Beninger, Der westgotisch-alanische Zug nach Mitteleuropa
Creators: name: Zeiß, Hans
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2016

description: Rezension zu: Eduard Beninger, Der westgotisch-alanische Zug nach Mitteleuropa. (Mannus-Bibliothek Nr. 51.) Leipzig 1931, Verlag C. Kabitzsch. VI, 132 S., 51 Abb.
The lumpability property for a family of Markov chains on poset block structures
Creators: name: D'Angeli, Daniele
name: Donno, Alfredo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 06A07, 20B25, 20E22, 43A85, 60J10

description: We construct different classes of lumpings for a family of Markov chain products which reflect the structure of a given finite poset. We use essentially combinatorial methods. We prove that, for such a product, every lumping can be obtained from the action of a suitable subgroup of the generalized wreath product of symmetric groups, acting on the underlying poset block structure, if and only if the poset defining the Markov process is totally ordered, and one takes the uniform Markov operator in each factor state space. Finally we show that, when the state space is a homogeneous space associated with a Gelfand pair, the spectral analysis of the corresponding lumped Markov chain is completely determined by the decomposition of the group action into irreducible submodules.
description: To appear in Advances in Applied Mathematics