cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Laser calibration of the ATLAS Tile Calorimeter during LHC Run 2
Creators: name: Agaras, M. N.
name: Ahmad, A.
name: Blanco, A.
name: Boumediene, D.
name: Bonnefoy, R.
name: Calvet, D.
name: Calvetti, M.
name: Chadelas, R.
name: Muino, P. Conde
name: Gonzalez, A. Cortes
name: Crouau, M.
name: Crozatier, C.
name: Daudon, F.
name: Davidek, T.
name: Di Gregorio, G.
name: Fiorini, L.
name: Galhardo, B.
name: Gris, Ph.
name: Klimek, P.
name: Lafarguette, P.
name: Lambert, D.
name: Leone, S.
name: Maio, A.
name: Marjanovic, M.
name: Martins, F.
name: Mlynarikova, M.
name: Pereira, B.
name: Pedro, R.
name: Petukhova, K.
name: Polacek, S.
name: Rosten, R.
name: Santoni, C.
name: Scuri, F.
name: Simon, D.
name: Smirnov, Y.
name: Solodkov, A.
name: Solovyanov, O.
name: Van Woerden, M.
name: Veloso, F.
name: Wilkens, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article reports the laser calibration of the hadronic Tile Calorimeter of the ATLAS experiment in the LHC Run 2 data campaign. The upgraded Laser II calibration system is described. The system was commissioned during the first LHC Long Shutdown, exhibiting a stability better than 0.8% for the laser light monitoring. The methods employed to derive the detector calibration factors with data from the laser calibration runs are also detailed. These allowed to correct for the response fluctuations of the 9852 photomultiplier tubes of the Tile Calorimeter with a total uncertainty of 0.5% plus a luminosity-dependent sub-dominant term. Finally, we report the regular monitoring and performance studies using laser events in both standalone runs and during proton collisions. These studies include channel timing and quality inspection, and photomultiplier linearity and response dependence on anode current.
Low-damage electron beam lithography for nanostructures on Bi$_2$Te$_3$-class topological insulator thin films
Creators: name: Andersen, Molly P.
name: Rodenbach, Linsey K.
name: Rosen, Ilan T.
name: Lin, Stanley C.
name: Pan, Lei
name: Zhang, Peng
name: Tai, Lixuan
name: Wang, Kang L.
name: Kastner, Marc A.
name: Goldhaber-Gordon, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nanostructured topological insulators (TIs) have the potential to impact a wide array of condensed matter physics topics, ranging from Majorana physics to spintronics. However, the most common TI materials, the Bi$_2$Se$_3$ family, are easily damaged during nanofabrication of devices. In this paper, we show that electron beam lithography performed with a 30 or 50 kV accelerating voltage -- common for nanopatterning in academic facilities -- damages both nonmagnetic TIs and their magnetically-doped counterparts at unacceptable levels. We additionally demonstrate that electron beam lithography with a 10 kV accelerating voltage produces minimal damage detectable through low-temperature electronic transport. Although reduced accelerating voltages present challenges in creating fine features, we show that with careful choice of processing parameters, particularly the resist, 100 nm features are reliably achievable.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Earthquake Damage to the Tinmel Mosque, Morocco
Creators: name: Hanson, Katharyn
name: Bender, Tom
name: Daniels, Brian
name: Bassett, Hayden
name: Welsh, William
name: Fitzgerald, Kaitlyn
name: Gunter-Bassett, Madeleine
name: Maher, Abigail
name: Wegener, Corine
Publisher: name: Museum Conservation Institute
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 430205
subject: Heritage and cultural conservation

description: On 8 September 2023, a magnitude 6.8 earthquake caused extensive damage to the Tinmel Mosque in Morocco. On 13 September 2023, satellite imagery analysis conducted by the Smithsonian Cultural Rescue Initiative (SCRI), Penn Cultural Heritage Center (PennCHC), and Cultural Heritage Monitoring Lab at the Virginia Museum of Natural History (CHML) confirmed this damage to the Tinmel Mosque.Analysis of available high-resolution satellite imagery indicates that the four exterior walls and the interior of the Mosque were severely damaged by the earthquake. Significant collapse debris are visible. The Tinmel Mosque was established in the 12th century AD in the Tizi-n-Test region of the High Atlas Mountains, south of Marrakech, and served as a key example of the Almohad architectural style. The Mosque has played a significant role in the cultural identity of the region and was added to the list of Tentative UNESCO World Heritage Sites in 1995.RECOMMENDED CITATION: Hanson, K., Bender, T. J. P., Daniels, B. I., Welsh, W., Bassett, H., Gunter-Bassett, M., Fitzgerald, K., Maher, A., and Wegener, C. (2023). “Rapid Report: Earthquake Damage to the Tinmel Mosque, Morocco.” Smithsonian Institution, Smithsonian Cultural Rescue Initiative; University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, Penn Cultural Heritage Center; and Virginia Museum of Natural History, Cultural Heritage Monitoring Lab.
A Hierarchy of Multipartite Nonlocality and Device-Independent Effect Witnesses
Creators: name: Bierhorst, Peter
name: Prakash, Jitendra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: According to recent new definitions, a multi-party behavior is genuinely multipartite nonlocal (GMNL) if it cannot be modeled by measurements on an underlying network of bipartite-only nonlocal resources, possibly supplemented with local (classical) resources shared by all parties. The new definitions differ on whether to allow entangled measurements upon, and/or superquantum behaviors among, the underlying bipartite resources. Here, we categorize the full hierarchy of these new candidate definitions of GMNL in three-party quantum networks, highlighting the intimate link to device-independent witnesses of network effects. A key finding is the existence of a behavior in the simplest nontrivial multi-partite measurement scenario (3 parties, 2 measurement settings, and 2 outcomes) that cannot be simulated in a bipartite network prohibiting entangled measurements and superquantum resources -- thus witnessing the most general form of GMNL -- but can be simulated with bipartite-only quantum states with an entangled measurement, indicating an approach to device independent certification of entangled measurements with fewer settings than in previous protocols. Surprisingly, we also find that this (3,2,2) behavior, as well as the others previously studied as device-independent witnesses of entangled measurements, can all be simulated at a higher echelon of the GMNL hierarchy that allows superquantum bipartite resources while still prohibiting entangled measurements. This poses a challenge to a theory-independent understanding of entangled measurements as an observable phenomenon distinct from bipartite nonlocality.
description: Close to the published version, 17 pages, 3 figures
Highly bright photon-pair generation in Doppler-broadened ladder-type atomic system
Creators: name: Lee, Yoon-Seok
name: Lee, Sang Min
name: Kim, Heonoh
name: Moon, Han Seb
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a bright photon-pair source with a coincidence counting rate per input power (cps/mW) of tens of thousands, obtained via spontaneous four-wave mixing from a Doppler-broadened atomic ensemble of the 5S1/2-5P3/2-5D5/2 transition of 87Rb. The photon-pair generation rate is enhanced by the two-photon coherence contributions from almost all the atomic velocity groups in the Doppler-broadened ladder-type atomic system. We obtained the violation of the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality by a factor of 2370(150). We believe that our scheme for highly bright paired photons is important as a useful quantum light source for quantum entanglement swapping between completely autonomous sources.
Cutting the Coon Amplitude
Creators: name: Jepsen, Christian Baadsgaard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Coon amplitude is a $q$-deformed generalization of the Veneziano amplitude exhibiting a semi-infinite sequence of poles that converge on an accumulation point, from which a branch cut emerges. A number of recent papers have provided compelling evidence that the residues of this amplitude satisfy the positivity requirements imposed by unitarity. This paper investigates whether positivity is also satisfied along the branch cut. It is found that positivity violations occur in a region of the branch cut exponentially close to the accumulation point according to a scale set by $q$. The closing section of the paper discusses possible interpretations of this fact and strategies for excising negativity from the partial wave coefficients. An appendix presents derivations of instrumental identities relating the $q$-gamma and $q$-polygamma functions to the Weierstrass elliptic and quasiperiodic functions.
description: v2: fixed typo in equation (55), fixed Figure 1, added two references, made the summary of section 2 in the introduction more precise, edited discussion in second bullet point in section 3,
Spin-Orbit Interaction and Kondo Scattering at the PrAlO$_3$/SrTiO$_3$ Interface: Effects of Oxygen Content
Creators: name: Mozaffari, Shirin
name: Guchhait, Samaresh
name: Markert, John T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the effect of oxygen pressure during growth ($P_{O_{2}}$) on the electronic and magnetic properties of PrAlO$_3$ films grown on $\rm TiO_{2}$-terminated SrTiO$_3$ substrates. Resistivity measurements show an increase in the sheet resistance as $P_{O_{2}}$ is increased. The temperature dependence of the sheet resistance at low temperatures is consistent with Kondo theory for $P_{O_{2}} \ge 10^{-5}$ torr. Hall effect data exhibit a complex temperature dependence that suggests a compensated carrier density. We observe behavior consistent with two different types of carriers at interfaces grown at $P_{O_{2}} \ge 10^{-4}$ torr. For these interfaces, we measured a moderate positive magnetoresistance (MR) due to a strong spin-orbit (SO) interaction at low magnetic fields that evolves into a larger negative MR at high fields. Positive high MR values are associated with samples where a fraction of carriers are derived from oxygen vacancies. Analysis of the MR data permitted the extraction of the SO interaction critical field ( e.g. $ H_{SO}=$1.25 T for $P_{O_{2}}=10^{-5}$ torr). The weak anti-localization effect due to a strong SO interaction becomes smaller for higher $P_{O_{2}}$ grown samples, where MR values are dominated by the Kondo effect, particularly at high magnetic fields.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
MPEC 2023-R212 : 2023 RQ9
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 RQ9

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Impurity-Driven Metal-Insulator Transitions in Holography
Creators: name: Seo, Yunseok
name: Ahn, Youngjun
name: Kim, Keun-Young
name: Sin, Sang-Jin
name: Kim, Kyung Kiu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we study Metal-Insulator transition in a holographic model containing an interaction between the order parameter and charge-carrier density. It turns out that the impurity density of this model can drive the phase transition whose ordered phase corresponds to the insulating phase. The temperature behavior of DC conductivity distinguishes the insulating phase from the metal phase. We confirm this behavior by a numerical method and an analytic calculation. As a byproduct, we show the existence of a `quantum phase transition' supported by the Breitenlohner-Freedman bound argument.
description: 22 pages, 21 figures
MPEC 2023-R213 : 2023 RR9
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 RR9

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Charge metastability and hysteresis in the quantum Hall regime
Creators: name: Pollanen, J.
name: Eisenstein, J. P.
name: Pfeiffer, L. N.
name: West, K. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report simultaneous quasi-dc magnetotransport and high frequency surface acoustic wave measurements on bilayer two-dimensional electron systems in GaAs. Near strong integer quantized Hall states a strong magnetic field sweep hysteresis in the velocity of the acoustic waves is observed at low temperatures. This hysteresis indicates the presence of a metastable state with anomalously high conductivity in the interior of the sample. This non-equilibrium state is not revealed by conventional low frequency transport measurements which are dominated by dissipationless transport at the edge of the 2D system. We find that a field-cooling technique allows the equilibrium charge configuration within the interior of the sample to be established. A simple model for this behavior is discussed.
description: 8 pages, 4 postscript figures
Moment generating function bound from detailed fluctuation theorem
Creators: name: Salazar, Domingos S. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A famous consequence of the detailed fluctuation theorem (FT), $p(Σ)/p(-Σ)=\exp{(Σ)}$, is the integral FT $\langle \exp(-Σ)\rangle =1$ for a random variable $Σ$ and a distribution $p(Σ)$. When $Σ$ represents the entropy production in thermodynamics, the main outcome of the integral FT is the second law, $\langle Σ\rangle \geq 0$. However, a full description of the fluctuations of $Σ$ might require knowledge of the moment generating function (MGF), $G(α):=\langle \exp(αΣ) \rangle$. In the context of the detailed FT, we show the MGF is lower bounded in the form $G(α)\geq B(α,\langleΣ\rangle)$ for a given mean $\langleΣ\rangle$. As applications, we verify that the bound is satisfied for the entropy produced in the heat exchange problem between two reservoirs mediated by a weakly coupled bosonic mode and a qubit swap engine.
Finite-temperature phase transitions in $S=1/2$ three-dimensional Heisenberg magnets from high-temperature series expansions
Creators: name: Gonzalez, M. G.
name: Bernu, B.
name: Pierre, L.
name: Messio, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many frustrated spin models on three-dimensional (3D) lattices are currently being investigated, both experimentally and theoretically, and develop new types of long-range orders in their respective phase diagrams. They present finite-temperature phase transitions, most likely in the Heisenberg 3D universality class. However, the combination between the 3D character and frustration makes them hard to study. We present here several methods derived from high-temperature series expansions (HTSEs), which give exact coefficients directly in the thermodynamic limit up to a certain order; for several 3D lattices, supplementary orders than in previous literature are reported for the HTSEs. We introduce an interpolation method able to describe thermodynamic quantities at $T > T_c$, which we use here to reconstruct the magnetic susceptibility and the specific heat and to extract universal and non-universal quantities (for example critical exponents, temperature, energy, entropy, and other parameters related to the phase transition). While the susceptibility associated with the order parameter is not usually known for more exotic long-range orders, the specific heat is indicative of a phase transition for any kind of symmetry breaking. We present examples of applications on ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic models on various 3D lattices and benchmark our results whenever possible.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures
Spectroscopic and Interferometric Measurements of Nine K Giant Stars
Creators: name: Baines, Ellyn K.
name: Döllinger, Michaela P.
name: Guenther, Eike W.
name: Hatzes, Artie P.
name: Hrudkovu, Marie
name: van Belle, Gerard T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present spectroscopic and interferometric measurements for a sample of nine K giant stars. These targets are of particular interest because they are slated for stellar oscillation observations. Our improved parameters will directly translate into reduced errors in the final masses for these stars when interferometric radii and asteroseismic densities are combined. Here we determine each star's limb-darkened angular diameter, physical radius, luminosity, bolometric flux, effective temperature, surface gravity, metallicity, and mass. When we compare our interferometric and spectroscopic results, we find no systematic offsets in the diameters and the values generally agree within the errors. Our interferometric temperatures for seven of the nine stars are hotter than those determined from spectroscopy with an average difference of about 380 K.
description: 4 tables, 4 figures
Dark Vector Mesons at LHC Forward Detector Searches
Creators: name: Kuwahara, Takumi
name: Yuan, Shu-Run
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Confining gauge dynamics in dark sector is promising to provide dark matter with a mass in the range of sub-GeV to GeV. These dark sectors consist of composite particles, such as dark baryons and dark mesons, that are neutral under the standard-model charge. Dark photon is introduced as a portal matter between the dark sector and the standard-model sector in order to alleviate cosmological problems, and dark hadrons are produced through the same dark photon at accelerator-based experiments. As dark vector mesons and dark pions have the similar masses, dark vector mesons can be long-lived particles, which will be explored by far-detector experiments. In this study, we study the future prospect of the LHC forward-detector experiments, FASER2 and FACET, for exploring the dark vector mesons. When dark photon is heavier than dark pions, the LHC forward-detector searches can be comparable to DarkQuest, and the invisible decay searches of dark photons can also explore the same parameter space. Meanwhile, when dark photon is lightest in the dark sector, their future prospect will be comparable to the visible decay searches for dark photons at LHCb, Belle-II, and HPS.
description: Published version
A Total Molecular Gas Mass Census in z~2-3 Star-forming Galaxies: Low-J CO Excitation Probes of Galaxies' Evolutionary States
Creators: name: Sharon, Chelsea E.
name: Riechers, Dominik A.
name: Hodge, Jacqueline
name: Carilli, Chris L.
name: Walter, Fabian
name: Weiss, Axel
name: Knudsen, Kirsten K.
name: Wagg, Jeff
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present CO(1-0) observations obtained at the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) for 14 z~2 galaxies with existing CO(3-2) measurements, including 11 galaxies which contain active galactic nuclei (AGN) and three submillimeter galaxies (SMGs). We combine this sample with an additional 15 z~2 galaxies from the literature that have both CO(1-0) and CO(3-2) measurements in order to evaluate differences in CO excitation between SMGs and AGN host galaxies, measure the effects of CO excitation on the derived molecular gas properties of these populations, and to look for correlations between the molecular gas excitation and other physical parameters. With our expanded sample of CO(3-2)/CO(1-0) line ratio measurements, we do not find a statistically significant difference in the mean line ratio between SMGs and AGN host galaxies as found in the literature, instead finding r_3,1=1.03+/-0.50 for AGN host galaxies and r_3,1=0.78+/-0.27 for SMGs (or r_3,1=0.90+/-0.40 for both populations combined). We also do not measure a statistically significant difference between the distributions of the line ratios for these populations at the p=0.05 level, although this result is less robust. We find no excitation dependence on the index or offset of the integrated Schmidt-Kennicutt relation for the two CO lines, and obtain indices consistent with N=1 for the various sub-populations. However, including low-z "normal" galaxies increases our best-fit Schmidt-Kennicutt index to N~1.2. While we do not reproduce correlations between the CO line width and luminosity, we do reproduce correlations between CO excitation and star formation efficiency.
description: ApJ accepted, 26 pages, 15 figures
X-ray diagnostics of massive star winds
Creators: name: Oskinova, Lidia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nearly all types of massive stars with radiatively driven stellar winds are X-ray sources that can be observed by the presently operating powerful X-ray telescopes. In this review I briefly address recent advances in our understanding of stellar winds obtained from X-ray observations. The winds of OB dwarfs with subtypes later than O9V may be predominantly in a hot phase, and X-ray observations offer the best window for their studies. The X-ray properties of OB supergiants are largely determined by the effects of radiative transfer in their clumped stellar winds. The recently suggested method to directly measure mass-loss rates of O stars by fitting the shapes of X-ray emission lines is considered but its validity cannot be confirmed. To obtain robust quantitative information on stellar wind parameters from X-ray spectroscopy, a multiwavelength analysis by means of stellar atmosphere models is required. Independent groups are now performing such analyses with encouraging results. Joint analyses of optical, UV, and X-ray spectra of OB supergiants yield consistent mass-loss rates. Depending on the adopted clumping parameters, the empirically derived mass-loss rates are comparable (within a factor of a few) to those predicted by standard recipes (Vink et al. 2001). All sufficiently studied O stars display variable X-ray emission that might be related to corotating interaction regions in their winds. In the latest stages of stellar evolution, single red supergiants and luminous blue variable stars do not emit observable amounts of X-rays. On the other hand, nearly all types of Wolf-Rayet (WR) stars are X-ray sources. X-ray spectroscopy allows a sensitive probe of WR wind abundances and opacities.
description: review, to appear in the special issue of Advances in Space Research "X-ray emission from hot stars"
MPEC 2023-R214 : 2023 RS9
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 RS9

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Effective actions in supersymmetric gauge theories: heat kernels for non-minimal operators
Creators: name: Grasso, Darren T.
name: Kuzenko, Sergei M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the quantum dynamics of a system of $n$ Abelian ${\cal N}=1$ vector multiplets coupled to $\frac 12 n(n+1)$ chiral multiplets which parametrise the Hermitian symmetric space $\mathsf{Sp}(2n, {\mathbb R})/ \mathsf{U}(n)$. In the presence of supergravity, this model is super-Weyl invariant and possesses the maximal non-compact duality group $\mathsf{Sp}(2n, {\mathbb R})$ at the classical level. These symmetries should be respected by the logarithmically divergent term (the ``induced action'') of the effective action obtained by integrating out the vector multiplets. In computing the effective action, one has to deal with non-minimal operators for which the known heat kernel techniques are not directly applicable, even in flat (super)space. In this paper we develop a method to compute the induced action in Minkowski superspace. The induced action is derived in closed form and has a simple structure. It is a higher-derivative superconformal sigma model on $\mathsf{Sp}(2n, {\mathbb R})/ \mathsf{U}(n)$. The obtained ${\cal N}=1$ results are generalised to the case of ${\cal N}=2$ local supersymmetry: a system of $n$ Abelian ${\cal N}=2$ vector multiplets coupled to ${\cal N}=2$ chiral multiplets $X^I$ parametrising $\mathsf{Sp}(2n, {\mathbb R})/ \mathsf{U}(n)$. The induced action is shown to be proportional to $ \int {\rm d}^4x {\rm d}^4 θ{\rm d}^4 \bar θ\, E \, {\mathfrak K}(X, \bar X )$, where ${\mathfrak K}(X, \bar X )$ is the Kähler potential for $\mathsf{Sp}(2n, {\mathbb R})/ \mathsf{U}(n)$. We also apply our method to compute DeWitt's $a_2 $ coefficients in some non-supersymmetric theories with non-minimal operators.
description: 38 pages
MPEC 2023-R215 : 2023 RT9
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 RT9

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Dispersion-tuning of nonlinear optical pulse dynamics in gas-filled hollow capillary fibres
Creators: name: Grigorova, Teodora
name: Brahms, Christian
name: Belli, Federico
name: Travers, John C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally investigate the nonlinear dynamics of ultrashort laser pulses propagating in gas-filled hollow capillary fibres in different dispersion regimes, which are achieved by tuning the gas pressure. When the pulse propagates in the anomalous dispersion regime we observe soliton dynamics accompanied with soliton-plasma effects, such as self-compression, resonant dispersive-wave emission in the fundamental as well as in higher-order modes, soliton blue-shifting and ionisation-induced pulse splitting. Propagation of the pulse in the vicinity of the zero-dispersion wavelength results in pulse splitting and subsequent cross-phase modulation leading to the generation of an additional frequency-shifted band and a 3-octave broad supercontinuum. In the case of pulses propagating in normal dispersion we observe the generation of a broad and flat supercontinuum. In this regime, the experimental results are less well described by simulations that consider only the propagation dynamics inside the fibre. Free-space simulations of the beam propagation in the bulk gas, before the capillary entrance, suggest that this discrepancy is caused by self-focusing and ionisation altering the pulse spatial and temporal shape, affecting both the coupling efficiency and the subsequent propagation inside the capillary.
A Formal Semantic for UML 2.0 Activity Diagram based on Institution Theory
Creators: name: Achouri, Amine
name: Ayed, Leila Jemni ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Giving a formal semantic to an UML Activity diagram (UML AD) is a hard task. The reason of this difficulty is the ambiguity and the absence of a precise formal semantic of such semi-formal formalism. A variety of semantics exist in the literature having tackled the aspects covered by this language. We can give as example denotational, functional and compositional semantics. To cope with the recent tendency which gave a heterogeneous semantic to UML diagrams, we aim to define an algebraic presentation of the semantic of UML AD. In this work, we define a formal semantic of UML 2.0 AD based on institution theory. For UML AD formalism, which is a graphical language, no precise formal semantic is given to it. We use the institution theory to define the intended semantic. Thus, the UML AD formalism will be defined in its own natural semantic.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, 2013
Observation of Nuclear-wavepacket Interference in Ultrafast Inter-atomic Energy Transfer
Creators: name: Han, Meng
name: Fedyk, Jacqueline
name: Ji, Jia-Bao
name: Despré, Victor
name: Kuleff, Alexander I.
name: Wörner, Hans Jakob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the experimental observation of quantum interference in the nuclear wave-packet dynamics driving ultrafast excitation-energy transfer in argon dimers below the threshold of interatomic Coulombic decay (ICD). Using time-resolved photoion-photoion coincidence spectroscopy and quantum dynamics simulations, we reveal that the electronic relaxation dynamics of the inner-valence $3s$ hole on one atom leading to a $4s$ or $4p$ excitation on the other one is influenced by nuclear quantum dynamics in the initial state, giving rise to a deep, periodic modulation on the kinetic-energy-release (KER) spectra of the coincident Ar$^+$-Ar$^+$ ion pairs. Moreover, the time-resolved KER spectra show characteristic fingerprints of quantum interference effects during the energy-transfer process. Our findings pave the way to elucidating quantum-interference effects in ultrafast charge- and energy-transfer dynamics in more complex systems.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
A variational synthesis of evolutionary and developmental dynamics
Creators: name: Friston, Karl
name: Friedman, Daniel Ari
name: Constant, Axel
name: Knight, V. Bleu
name: Parr, Thomas
name: Campbell, John O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: This paper introduces a variational formulation of natural selection, paying special attention to the nature of "things" and the way that different "kinds" of "things" are individuated from - and influence - each other. We use the Bayesian mechanics of particular partitions to understand how slow phylogenetic processes constrain - and are constrained by - fast, phenotypic processes. The main result is a formulation of adaptive fitness as a path integral of phenotypic fitness. Paths of least action, at the phenotypic and phylogenetic scales, can then be read as inference and learning processes, respectively. In this view, a phenotype actively infers the state of its econiche under a generative model, whose parameters are learned via natural (bayesian model selection). The ensuing variational synthesis features some unexpected aspects. Perhaps the most notable is that it is not possible to describe or model a population of conspecifics per se. Rather, it is necessary to consider populations - and nested meta-populations - of different natural kinds that influence each other. This paper is limited to a description of the mathematical apparatus and accompanying ideas. Subsequent work will use these methods for simulations and numerical analyses - and identify points of contact with related mathematical formulations of evolution.
Thouless energy and multifractality across the many-body localization transition
Creators: name: Serbyn, Maksym
name: Papić, Z.
name: Abanin, Dmitry A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermal and many-body localized phases are separated by a dynamical phase transition of a new kind. We analyze the distribution of off-diagonal matrix elements of local operators across the many-body localization transition (MBLT) in a disordered spin chain, and use it to characterize the breakdown of the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis and to extract the many-body Thouless energy. We find a wide critical region around the MBLT, where Thouless energy becomes smaller than the level spacing, while matrix elements show critical dependence on the energy difference. In the same region, matrix elements, viewed as amplitudes of a fictitious wave function, exhibit strong multifractality. Our findings show that the correlation length becomes larger than the accessible system sizes in a broad range of disorder strength values, and shed light on the critical behaviour of MBL systems.
description: 9 pages, 11 figures
The effects of a passive Bi-Polar Grid (BPG) on Ion Back-Flow (IBF) and Resolution
Creators: name: Zakharov, V.
name: Shulga, E.
name: Garg, P.
name: Hemmick, T.
name: Milov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Time Projection Chambers (TPC)s are excellent tracking detectors for high multiplicity events and can intrinsically be high-rate, but are limited by the ions created in their avalanche stage. GEMs and Micromegas can reduce IBF through their geometry and E-field ratios, but these can lead to gain fluctuations and still leave IBF as the dominant source of space charge. An active BPG can block all IBF ions, but their slow drift speed creates too much dead time. A passive BPG will overcome this limitation by using an external B-field to allow the electrons to pass through while still blocking all ions. Since the grid changes the electron's trajectory, a loss of resolution will occur. The trajectory is shifted symmetrically along the wires so the wire alignment with respect to the detection pads is a specific question not studied before. We present completed IBF analysis from data collected at Weizmann Institute of Science (WIS), along with an intro to our test on wire resolution.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Morse-Bott inequalities for manifolds with boundary
Creators: name: Orita, Ryuma
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R70, 37D15, 55N25

description: In the present paper, we define Morse-Bott functions on manifolds with boundary which are generalizations of Morse functions and show Morse-Bott inequalities for these manifolds.
description: 14 pages
Common envelope jets supernova with thermonuclear outburst progenitor for the enigmatic supernova remnant W49B
Creators: name: Grichener, Aldana
name: Soker, Noam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We suggest a common envelope jets supernova (CEJSN) origin to the supernova remnant (SNR) W49B where jets launched by a neutron star (NS) that collapsed to a black hole (BH) together with a thermonuclear outburst of the disrupted red super giant's (RGS's) core powered and shaped the ejecta. The jets account for the highly non-spherical morphology of W49B and the thermonuclear outburst to its high iron abundance. CEJSNe are violent events powered by jets that a NS or a BH launch as they orbit inside a red supergiant star and accrete mass from its envelope and then from its core. We classify the CEJSN process to either a case where the NS/BH enters the core to form a common envelope evolution (CEE) inside the core or to a case where the NS/BH tidally disrupts the core. In the later case the core material forms an accretion disk around the NS that might experience a thermonuclear outburst, leading to an energetic event powered by both jets and thermonuclear burning. We term this scenario thermonuclear CEJSN. We find that the maximum core mass that leads to this scenario with a NS is $2 M_{\rm \odot} \lesssim M_{\rm core} \lesssim 3.5M_{\rm \odot}$. We estimate the event rates of CEJSN that go through tidal disruption of the core by a NS to be 5 per 1000 core collapse supernovae.
description: Accepted to MNRAS
MPEC 2023-R216 : 2023 RU9
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 RU9

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Topological one-way fiber of second Chern number
Creators: name: Lu, Ling
name: Wang, Zhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical fiber is a ubiquitous and indispensable component in communications, sensing, biomedicine and many other lightwave technologies and applications. Here we propose topological one-way fibers to remove two fundamental mechanisms that limit fiber performance: scattering and reflection. We design three-dimensional~(3D) photonic crystal fibers, inside which photons propagate only in one direction, that are completely immune to Rayleigh and Mie scatterings and significantly suppress the nonlinear Brillouin and Raman scatterings. A one-way fiber is also free from Fresnel reflection, naturally eliminating the needs for fiber isolators. Our finding is enabled by the recently discovered Weyl points in a double-gyroid~(DG) photonic crystal. By annihilating two Weyl points by supercell modulation in a magnetic DG, we obtain the photonic analogue of the 3D quantum Hall phase with a non-zero first Chern number~($C_1$). When the modulation becomes helixes, one-way fiber modes develop along the winding axis, with the number of modes determined by the spatial frequency of the helix. These single-polarization single-mode and multi-mode one-way fibers, having nearly identical group and phase velocities, are topologically-protected by the second Chern number~($C_2$) in the 4D parameter space of the 3D wavevectors plus the winding angle of the helixes. This work suggests a unique way to utilize higher-dimensional topological physics without resorting to artificial dimensions.
description: 3 figures, 9 pages including supplementary information
Precision direct photon spectra at high energy and comparison to the 8 TeV ATLAS data
Creators: name: Schwartz, Matthew D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The direct photon spectrum is computed to the highest currently available precision and compared to ATLAS data from 8 TeV collisions at the LHC. The prediction includes threshold resummation at next-to-next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic order through the program PeTeR, matched to next-to-leading fixed order with fragmentation effects using JetPhox and includes the resummation of leading-logarithmic electroweak Sudakov effects. Remarkably, improved agreement with data can be seen when each component of the calculation is added successively. This comparison demonstrates the importance of both threshold logs and electroweak Sudakov effects. Numerical values for the predictions are included.
description: 18 pages, 22 plots, 4 tables
To Half--Be or Not To Be?
Creators: name: de Rham, Claudia
name: Garcia-Saenz, Sebastian
name: Heisenberg, Lavinia
name: Pozsgay, Victor
name: Wang, Xinmiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has recently been argued that half degrees of freedom could emerge in Lorentz and parity invariant field theories, using a non-linear Proca field theory dubbed Proca-Nuevo as a specific example. We provide two proofs, using the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian pictures, that the theory possesses a pair of second class constraints, leaving $D-1$ degrees of freedom in $D$ spacetime dimensions, as befits a consistent Proca model. Our proofs are explicit and straightforward in two dimensions and we discuss how they generalize to an arbitrary number of dimensions. We also clarify why local Lorentz and parity invariant field theories cannot hold half degrees of freedom.
title: Accuracy and performance of the lattice Boltzmann method with 64-bit, 32-bit, and customized 16-bit number formats
Creators: name: Lehmann, Moritz
name: Krause, Mathias
name: Amati, Giorgio
name: Sega, Marcello
name: Harting, Jens
name: Gekle, Stephan
Publisher: name: University of Bayreuth
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: LBM
subject: floating-point
subject: FP16
subject: posit
subject: mixed precision
subject: customized precision
subject: GPU
subject: OpenCL
subject: Biological Fluid Dynamics
subject: Drop & Bubble Phenomena
subject: Fluid Particle Interactions
subject: Interaction in Fluids
subject: Interfacial Flows
subject: Microfluidics
subject: Physics of Computation
subject: Shear Flows
subject: Vortex Flows
subject: Classical Fluids
subject: Complex Fluids
subject: Lattice Models in statistical physics
subject: numerical techniques
subject: 004
subject: 510
subject: 530

description: Fluid dynamics simulations with the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) are very memory intensive. Alongside reduction in memory footprint, significant performance benefits can be achieved by using FP32 (single) precision compared to FP64 (double) precision, especially on GPUs. Here we evaluate the possibility to use even FP16 and posit16 (half) precision for storing fluid populations, while still carrying arithmetic operations in FP32. For this, we first show that the commonly occurring number range in the LBM is a lot smaller than the FP16 number range. Based on this observation, we develop customized 16-bit formats—based on a modified IEEE-754 and on a modified posit standard—that are specifically tailored to the needs of the LBM. We then carry out an in-depth characterization of LBM accuracy for six different test systems with increasing complexity: Poiseuille flow, Taylor-Green vortices, Karman vortex streets, lid-driven cavity, a microcapsule in shear flow (utilizing the immersed-boundary method), and, finally, the impact of a raindrop (based on a volume-of-fluid approach). We find that the difference in accuracy between FP64 and FP32 is negligible in almost all cases, and that for a large number of cases even 16-bit is sufficient. Finally, we provide a detailed performance analysis of all precision levels on a large number of hardware microarchitectures and show that significant speedup is achieved with mixed FP32/16-bit.
New planetary and EB candidates from Campaigns 1-6 of the K2 mission
Creators: name: Barros, S. C. C.
name: Demangeon, O.
name: Deleuil, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With only two functional reaction wheels, Kepler cannot maintain stable pointing at its original target field and entered a new mode of observation called K2. Our method is based on many years of experience in planet hunting for the CoRoT mission. Due to the unstable pointing, K2 light curves present systematics that are correlated with the target position in the CCD. Therefore, our pipeline also includes a decorrelation of this systematic noise. Our pipeline is optimised for bright stars for which spectroscopic follow-up is possible. We achieve a maximum precision on 6 hours of 6 ppm. The decorrelated light curves are searched for transits with an adapted version of the CoRoT alarm pipeline. We present 172 planetary candidates and 327 eclipsing binary candidates from campaigns 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 of K2. Both the planetary candidates and eclipsing binary candidates lists are made public to promote follow-up studies. The light curves will also be available to the community.
description: 22 pages. 5 figures, 4 tables, Accepted for publication in A&A
Evaporation and information puzzle for 2D nonsingular asymptotically flat black holes
Creators: name: Cadoni, Mariano
name: Oi, Mauro
name: Sanna, Andrea Pierfrancesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the thermodynamics and the classical and semiclassical dynamics of two-dimensional ($2\text{D}$), asymptotically flat, nonsingular dilatonic black holes. They are characterized by a de Sitter core, allowing for the smearing of the classical singularity, and by the presence of two horizons with a related extremal configuration. For concreteness, we focus on a $2\text{D}$ version of the Hayward black hole. We find a second order thermodynamic phase transition, separating large unstable black holes from stable configurations close to extremality. We first describe the black-hole evaporation process using a quasistatic approximation and we show that it ends in the extremal configuration in an infinite amount of time. We go beyond the quasistatic approximation by numerically integrating the field equations for $2\text{D}$ dilaton gravity coupled to $N$ massless scalar fields, describing the radiation. We find that the inclusion of large backreaction effects ($N \gg 1$) allows for an end-point extremal configuration after a finite evaporation time. Finally, we evaluate the entanglement entropy (EE) of the radiation in the quasistatic approximation and construct the relative Page curve. We find that the EE initially grows, reaches a maximum and then goes down towards zero, in agreement with previous results in the literature. Despite the breakdown of the semiclassical approximation prevents the description of the evaporation process near extremality, we have a clear indication that the end point of the evaporation is a regular, extremal state with vanishing EE of the radiation. This means that the nonunitary evolution, which commonly characterizes the evaporation of singular black holes, could be traced back to the presence of the singularity.
description: 41 pages, 14 figures, references added, qualitative comparison with the island proposal added in Sect. 8, physical results unchanged, corresponds to the version accepted in JHEP