cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Bio-sequestration of crude oil from seawater by bio-adsorption onto oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) fruit mesocarp fiber: Taguchi process optimization, batch isotherm and kinetic modeling studies
Creators: name: Eboibi, Blessing E.
name: Udochukwu, Esther C.
name: Ogbue, Michael C.
name: Umukoro, Judith O.
name: Okan, Laura O.
name: Agarry, Samuel E.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: In this study, the performance potential of oil palm fruit mesocarp fiber (OPFMF) as a natural bio-adsorbent for the adsorptive crude oil bio-sequestration from seawater as well as the effect of four bio-adsorption factors (initial crude oil concentration (A), oil-seawater temperature (B), bio-adsorbent dosage (C), and bio-adsorbent particle size (D) together with the factors and performance optimization were determined using the Taguchi orthogonal array of four factors and three levels (L9(34)) design. Bio-sequestration efficiency (%) and bio-adsorption capacity (g/g) were performance evaluation indices. The adsorptive bio-sequestration mechanism was determined by fitting the adsorptive data to known kinetic and isotherm models. The percentage contributions of the factors that significantly impacted the bio-sequestration efficiency are, D (58.77%), A (37.82%), and C (3.29%) factors, as well as C (73.67%) and A (22.62%) factors for the bio-adsorption capacity. An optimum bio-sequestration efficiency of 97.25 ± 0.27% was obtained at an optimum significant factors’ combination of A (7.80 g/L), C (3.00 g), and D (1.18 mm), while an optimum bio-adsorption capacity of 12.66 ± 0.06 g/g was achieved at an optimum significant factors’ combination of A (15.6 g/L) and C (1.00 g). The adsorptive bio-sequestration followed the Dubinin-Rudeshkevich isotherm (maximum bio-adsorption capacity (Qm) found to be 0.3070 mole/g) and pseudo-second-order kinetics, with the liquid film diffusion being the major rate-controlling step and chemisorption being the predominant adsorptive bio-sequestration mechanism. Conclusively, OPFMF can serve as an effective natural bio-adsorbent for oil spill adsorptive bio-sequestration.
pH and light dual-stimuli responsive wormlike micelles based on azophenyl surfactant and Sodium oleate
Creators: name: Wang, Guozheng
name: Lin, Mengying
name: Xu, Qianqian
name: Jiang, Jianzhong
name: Zheng, Raojun
name: He, Yibo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Herein, pH and light dual-stimuli responsive wormlike micelles (WLMs) were prepared with (4-butylphenyl)-2-(4-trimethylammoniumhexyloxyphen-yl) diazene (C4AzoC6N) and sodium oleate (NaOA). The viscoelasticity of the system was tested by steady state and dynamic rheology. In the alkaline condition, the binary system is a viscoelastic gel-like liquid with a viscosity of up to 230 Pa·s as the presence of the carboxylate group in NaOA, which promotes the formation of WLMs. After the pH of the solution was changed from alkaline to acidic, NaOA was gradually converted into oleic acid, which precipitated out of the system and the viscoelastic system was turned into a cloudy, low-viscosity flowing liquid. On the other hand, the viscosity of the solution could be repeatedly and reversibly switched more than three times without any deterioration upon light trigger due to the cis-trans isomerization of C4AzoC6N. Compared with other surfactants, NaOA is one of cheap and commercially available compounds, which avoids complex organic synthesis or purification processes. Furthermore, the WLMs can be precisely controlled by pH and UV light dual-stimuli, which will have a wide range of applications in large-scale processes, such as in functional materials and fluid drag reducers.
The core-shell structured aqueous dispersions of the siloxane-grafted polyurethane copolymers with high transparency
Creators: name: Bao, Ming
name: Ni, Xiuyuan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Hematology

description: We have synthesized the siloxane-grafted polyurethane copolymers aqueous dispersions by semi-continuous emulsion polymerization. The mono-methacryloxypropyl terminated polydimethylsiloxane was used to react with the acrylate-terminated waterborne polyurethane, which served as seed emulsions. It is obtained that the as-synthesized copolymer dispersions are stable and have small particle sizes ranging from 77 nm to 120 nm, and they possess core-shell structures. Moreover, the results show that the prepared films exhibit high transparency and hydrophobic surface. Moreover, the enrichment of siloxane and the heterogeneous structure on the film surface was studied. The results of Raman spectra disclose that the intensities of siloxane on the surface change over time during the film formation. These results are correlated to the pressure difference of droplets and low surface tension of siloxane segments. The as-synthesized dispersions promise to be applied in the displayer coatings.
A low-cost commercial off-the-shelf GNSS receiver for space
Creators: name: Moeller, Gregor
name: Wolf, Alexander
name: Sonnenberg, Flavio
name: Bauer, Gerald
name: Soja, Benedikt
name: Rothacher, Markus
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024

description: The era of tracking artificial Earth satellites using Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) began in the early 1980s when a GPS receiver was launched onboard the Landsat-4 mission. Since then, a large number of Low Earth Orbiters has utilized constantly improved GPS receivers for timing and positioning. GNSS has become a key technique not only for satellite orbit determination but also for atmosphere sounding. With the increasing popularity of miniaturized satellites in recent years, the need for an adapted GNSS payload for nanosatellites arose. Therefore, we developed a small-size, versatile payload board using commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) low-cost multi-GNSS receivers with extremely small weight, size, and power consumption.

The receiver firmware enables multi-constellation navigation solutions and GNSS raw data output in space with a sampling rate of up to 20 Hz. With this configuration, we can retrieve the required GNSS code and carrier phase measurements, e.g. for precise orbit and attitude determination, to monitor the total air density from drag, the distribution of the electron content, or scintillation effects. The high demands on GNSS receiver performance lead to particular requirements for hardware, payload software, onboard computing, data downlink, and remote control, which will be briefly discussed in the presentation. The resulting low-cost GNSS board fits into a 0.25U form factor, and the modular design makes it a scalable and adaptable payload for CubeSat missions.

In this presentation, we will provide insight into the performance of the GNSS payload under simulated orbit conditions and highlight the necessary modifications that allow us to transform a COTS GNSS receiver into a scientific instrument for space applications.
description: EGUsphere
An evaluation of small river restoration using transient river habitat modelling for macrozoobenthos
Creators: name: Thepphachanh, Sengdavanh
name: Stamm, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: The mandate to maintain at least a good ecological status of all surface waters has led to increased river restoration projects across Europe in the past two decades. The aim is to re-establish the hydromorphological situation and reverse the damage to freshwater ecosystems. In this study, we evaluated the restoration measures in a small stream in the State of Saxony, Germany, using the Transient River Habitat Modelling for Macrozoobenthos (TRiMM). The model was established using the Physical habitat template, covering physical habitat variables (flow, substrate, and thermal regime). It also introduces the application of a fuzzy approach to investigate river physical conditions and their effects on biological indicators like macrozoobenthos. Three taxa, namely Ancyls fluviatilis, Ephemera danica, and Gammarus fossarum, with different habitat preferences, were used to investigate the river’s ecological conditions. The model simulated the natural flow conditions from spring to summer, before and after the restoration was implemented. The research indicated that the restoration of the studied river sections succeeded in providing suitable habitats for target taxa at varied discharge conditions.
Foreign direct investment and third-party diplomatic intervention in intrastate conflict
Creators: name: Adelaiye, Samaila O.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Studies have shown the conditions under which peaceful resolutions to armed conflicts occur. Researchers have considered foreign actors’ role in assuring peace through peacekeeping, peace enforcement and other forms of intervention in civil wars. Intervention could be diplomatic, including non-coercive tools such as offers to mediate conflicts and setting up peace conferences by international actors. What factors increase the likelihood of these forms of intervention? In considering diplomatic interventions, this paper examines the role of investment interests in the probability that third parties will intervene diplomatically. Based on the incentives or bias towards peace that foreign investments may create, I argue that states with high amounts of foreign investment are more likely to be targeted for third-party diplomatic intervention. To test this argument, I use data on internal armed conflicts from 1980 to 1999. Countries that host high amounts of foreign direct investments are more likely to experience diplomatic interventions. Given the growing economic interdependence, this is an important finding on globalization’s impact on peace processes.
How different multilevel and multi-actor arrangements impact policy implementation: evidence from EU regional policy
Creators: name: Casula, Mattia
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: While implementation through multilevel governance (MLG) has often been found to have achieved limited success, the literature agrees that further studies are required to investigate if and how different MLG systems impact policy implementation. By collecting data from the implementation of four European Union (EU) regional development programmes, characterized by distinct organizational and institutional arrangements, this article adopts a performance-oriented approach to EU implementation in order to support or challenge the conventional assumptions about the expected benefits of MLG. The data suggest that effective MLG needs a central coordinating authority that has the power to enforce decentralized actors’ compliance, mobilize the implementation bodies, and provide actors with adequate organizational structures and the resources that they lack.
Local support for the US–Mexico border wall and local immigration policy
Creators: name: Gravelle, Timothy B.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: A signature policy of former US President Donald Trump was his plan to halt unauthorized migration from Mexico by building a wall the length of the US–Mexico border. While the existing research has identified several political, demographic and spatial correlates of individual-level support for (or opposition to) the wall, existing research has yet to provide local-level estimates of aggregate support for a border wall and an account of its spatial distribution. Using multilevel regression and synthetic poststratification (MrsP) and data from large-scale public opinion surveys conducted between 2016 and 2022, this article presents county-level estimates for support for the US–Mexico border wall. The results demonstrate that while a majority of the American public opposes the construction of the wall, there is substantial variation in county-level support. Support for the wall is highest in areas where Trump received strong support in the 2016 and 2020 presidential elections. Support is also linked to proximity to the US–Mexico border and racial–ethnic composition at the county level in complex ways. It is similarly linked to county-level cooperation (or lack thereof) with federal immigration enforcement, pointing to an opinion–policy link at the local level.
ExoLyn: a golden mean approach to multi-species cloud modelling in atmospheric retrieval
Creators: name: Huang, Helong
name: Ormel, Chris W.
name: Min, Michiel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Clouds are ubiquitous in exoplanets' atmospheres and play an important role in setting the opacity and chemical inventory of the atmosphere. Understanding clouds is a critical step in interpreting exoplanets' spectroscopic data. Aims. The aim is to model the multi-species nature of clouds in atmospheric retrieval studies. To this end, we develop ExoLyn - a 1D cloud model that balances physical consistency with computational efficiency. Methods. ExoLyn solves the transport equation of cloud particles and vapor under cloud condensation rates that are self-consistently calculated from thermodynamics. ExoLyn is a standalone, open source package capable to be combined with \texttt{optool} to calculate solid opacities and with \texttt{petitRADTRANS} to generate transmission or emission spectra. Results. With ExoLyn we find that the compositional structure of clouds in hot Jupiter planets' atmospheres is layered with a cloud dominated by magnesium-silicates on top of an iron cloud. This finding is consistent with more complex cloud formation models but can be obtained with ExoLyn in only a few seconds. The composition of the cloud particles can be constrained from the spectrum, for example, MgSiO3 and Mg2SiO4 components give rise to an absorption feature at 8 - 10 um. We investigate the dependence of the cloud structure on the bulk elemental composition of the planet and find that SiO2-dominated clouds forms on metal-rich planet and Fe clouds with strong extinction effect forms on C-rich planet. Conclusions. Designed towards maximum flexibility, ExoLyn can also be used in retrieval analysis of sub-Neptunes and self-luminous planets. The efficiency of ExoLyn opens the possibility of joint retrieval of exoplanets' gas and cloud components.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures, accepted by A&A
FACTORS INFLUENCING FARMER PARTICIPATION IN EXTENSIONS: CASE STUDY FROM MERANGIN DISTRICTS
Creators: name: YUSNINA
name: YUSMAN SYAUKAT
name: SRI HARTOYO
name: ANNA FARIYANTI
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Agricultural Extensions; Farmers, Logistic Regression, Socio-Demographic.

description: Abstract

Farmer participation is essential for the success of agricultural extension and agribusiness sustainability. However, Access to agricultural extension is still hampered by several factors. This research analyses farmer participation in agricultural extension and its determinant factors. The research was conducted in Merangin Regency, Jambi Province, Indonesia, from October to December 2022. The research sample was farmers who planted potatoes in the rainy and dry seasons, with 102 respondents using purposive sampling techniques. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression analysis. The research findings indicate that farmer engagement in agricultural extension activities is influenced by two factors: membership in farmer groups and the distance between their homes and the farming region. Therefore, the needs of improvement on two factors must be consiered by policymakers through the create of cooperation and the enhancement of infrastructure quality in this region.
SurfaceAI: Automated creation of cohesive road surface quality datasets based on open street-level imagery
Creators: name: Kapp, Alexandra
name: Hoffmann, Edith
name: Weigmann, Esther
name: Mihaljević, Helena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper introduces SurfaceAI, a pipeline designed to generate comprehensive georeferenced datasets on road surface type and quality from openly available street-level imagery. The motivation stems from the significant impact of road unevenness on the safety and comfort of traffic participants, especially vulnerable road users, emphasizing the need for detailed road surface data in infrastructure modeling and analysis. SurfaceAI addresses this gap by leveraging crowdsourced Mapillary data to train models that predict the type and quality of road surfaces visible in street-level images, which are then aggregated to provide cohesive information on entire road segment conditions.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures; accepted at 2nd ACM SIGSPATIAL International Workshop on Advances in Urban-AI
Value Added Catalog of physical properties of more than 1.3 million galaxies from the DESI Survey
Creators: name: Siudek, M.
name: Pucha, R.
name: Mezcua, M.
name: Juneau, S.
name: Aguilar, J.
name: Ahlen, S.
name: Brooks, D.
name: Circosta, C.
name: Claybaugh, T.
name: Cole, S.
name: Dawson, K.
name: de la Macorra, A.
name: Dey, Arjun
name: Dey, Biprateep
name: Doel, P.
name: Font-Ribera, A.
name: Forero-Romero, J. E.
name: Gaztañaga, E.
name: Gontcho, S. Gontcho A
name: Gutierrez, G.
name: Honscheid, K.
name: Howlett, C.
name: Ishak, M.
name: Kehoe, R.
name: Kirkby, D.
name: Kisner, T.
name: Kremin, A.
name: Lambert, A.
name: Landriau, M.
name: Guillou, L. Le
name: Manera, M.
name: Martini, P.
name: Meisner, A.
name: Miquel, R.
name: Moustakas, J.
name: Newman, J. A.
name: Niz, G.
name: Pan, Z.
name: Percival, W. J.
name: Poppett, C.
name: Prada, F.
name: Rossi, G.
name: Saintonge, A.
name: Sanchez, E.
name: Schlegel, D.
name: Scholte, D.
name: Schubnell, M.
name: Seo, H.
name: Speranza, F.
name: Sprayberry, D.
name: Tarle, G.
name: Weaver, B. A.
name: Zou, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. We present an extensive catalog of the physical properties of more than a million galaxies within the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI), one of the largest spectroscopic surveys to date. Spanning over a full variety of target types, including emission line galaxies and luminous red galaxies as well as quasars, our survey encompasses an unprecedented range of spectroscopic redshifts, stretching from 0 to 6.
 Methods. The physical properties, such as stellar masses and star formation rates, are derived via the CIGALE spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting code accounting for the contribution coming from active galactic nuclei (AGN). Based on the modeling of the optical-mid-infrared (grz complemented by WISE photometry) SEDs, we study galaxy properties with respect to their location on the main sequence.
 Results. We revise the dependence of stellar mass estimates on model choices and availability of the WISE photometry. The WISE information is mandatory to minimize the misclassification of star-forming galaxies as AGN. The lack of WISE bands in SED fits leads to elevated AGN fractions for 68% of star-forming galaxies identified using emission line diagnostic diagram but does not significantly affect their stellar mass nor star formation estimates.
description: resubmitted after addressing minor referee comments
Aphis fabae Scopoli 1763
Creators: name: Hassan, Muhammad Asghar
name: Asif, Muhammad
name: Chakrabarti, Samiran
name: Amin, Muhammad
name: Abbas, Zohair
name: Maryam, Zershina
name: Iqbal, Zafar
name: Ali, Muhammad
name: Qasim, Muhammad
name: Bashir, Nawaz Haider
name: Ali, Muhammad Yasir
name: Xing, Jichun
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Aphididae
Aphis
Aphis fabae

description: 12. Aphis fabae Scopoli, 1763
Host plants
Amaranthus viridis (Amaranthaceae), Coriandrum sativum, Daucus carota L. (Apiaceae), Conyza canadensis, Galinsoga parviflora Cav., Parthenium hysterophorus, Sonchus asper, Tagetes minuta L., Taraxacum officinale F.H.Wigg. (Asteraceae), Lonicera quinquelocularis Hard. (Caprifoliaceae), Chenopodium sp., Chenopodium album (Chenopodiaceae), Cucurbita sp. (Cucurbitaceae), Cyperus rotundus Hook.f. (Cyperaceae), Euphorbia sp. (Euphorbiaceae), Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit (Fabaceae), Alcea rosea, Malva sylvestris L. (Malvaceae), Plantago major L. (Plantaginaceae), Rumex acetosa L., R. acutus L., R. dentatus L. (Polygonaceae), Cestrum nocturnum L., Solanum nigrum, Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal (Solanaceae), Peganum harmala L. (Zygophyllaceae).
Distribution in Pakistan
AK: Bagh (Singola), Poonch (Abbaspur, Alisojal, Banjosa, Datoot, Hajira, Haveli, Hussainkot, Khaigala, Paniola, Rawalakot, Thorar, Tolipir), Sudhanoti (Mang, Palandari, Thrar Khal); BA: Quetta; KPK: Swat; PB: Attock, Bahawalpur, Chakwal, Faisalabad, Gujranwala (Kamonke, Nandipur, Qila Didar Singh, Wazirabad), Islamabad Capital, Khushab, Lahore, Mianwali, Rawalpindi (Murree), Sialkot [widely distributed throughout the country]; cosmopolitan species (Nasir & Yousuf 1992; Naumann-Etienne & Remaudière 1995; Irshad 2001; Khan et al. 2012; Bodlah et al. 2011, 2012; Amin et al. 2017b, 2019a; Maryam et al. 2019; Naseem et al. 2019).
description: Published as part of Hassan, Muhammad Asghar, Asif, Muhammad, Chakrabarti, Samiran, Amin, Muhammad, Abbas, Zohair, Maryam, Zershina, Iqbal, Zafar, Ali, Muhammad, Qasim, Muhammad, Bashir, Nawaz Haider, Ali, Muhammad Yasir & Xing, Jichun, 2024, A comprehensive checklist and host plants of Aphididae (Aphidomorpha: Hemiptera) from Pakistan, pp. 1-114 in European Journal of Taxonomy 945 on page 7, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2024.945.2613, http://zenodo.org/record/13177348
Ethnic minority belonging in a multilevel political community: the role of exclusionary experiences and welcoming provincial contexts in Canada
Creators: name: Bilodeau, Antoine
name: White, Stephen
name: Turgeon, Luc
name: Henderson, Ailsa
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Numerous studies demonstrate that immigrant and ethnic minority populations’ sense of belonging to the political communities in which they reside depends in part on the welcoming context: the constellation of policies, discourses, identities and prevailing attitudes relating to ethnocultural diversity in those political communities. However, while these studies typically focus on national belonging, in multilevel political communities belonging may be expressed at the national and subnational levels. Relying on a survey of ethnic minority group members in Canada, this study compares national and subnational belonging in three provinces where subnational and national welcoming contexts are very similar, to one case, Quebec, where the subnational welcoming context is significantly different from the national one. The results show a distinctive set of dynamics in Quebec, where ethnic minorities who feel excluded are more likely than those in other provinces to hold the subnational community responsible for their exclusion.
Skin microbial diversity and immune mechanism of rotten skin disease in Quasipaa spinosa
Creators: name: zhu, linghong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310204
subject: Genomics and transcriptomics

description: Transcriptome sequencing indicated that more DEGs were annotated to defense mechanisms, apoptosis, and immune system processes, and non-specific immunity played a crucial role in the resistance of rotten skin disease to infection by bacterial skin pathogens.
The effect of local and large scale environment on the star formation histories of galaxies
Creators: name: Torres-Ríos, G.
name: Pérez, I.
name: Verley, S.
name: Domínguez-Gómez, J.
name: Argudo-Fernández, M.
name: Puertas, S. Duarte
name: Jiménez, A.
name: Ruiz-Lara, T.
name: Zurita, A.
name: Bidaran, B.
name: Conrado, A.
name: Espada, D.
name: García-Benito, R.
name: Delgado, R. M. González
name: Falcón-Barroso, J.
name: Florido, E.
name: Sánchez-Blázquez, P.
name: Sánchez-Menguiano, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We aim to investigate how the local environment influences the star formation history (SFH) of galaxies residing in various large-scale environments. We categorise a sample of 9384 galaxies into the three primary large scale structures (voids, walls \& filaments, and clusters) and further classify them based on their local environment (as either "singlets" or group members), through a search of companion galaxies within sky-projected distances $Δr_p < 0.45$ Mpc and velocity differences $Δv < 160$ $\text{km s}^{-1}$. Subsequently, we explore these subsamples through SFH data from previous works. Throughout the study, galaxies are divided into long-timescale SFH galaxies (LT-SFH), which assemble their mass steadily along cosmic time, and short-timescale SFH galaxies (ST-SFH), which form their stars early. We then compare characteristic mass assembly look-back times. The distributions of mass assembly look-back times in ST-SFH galaxies are statistically different for singlets and groups. These differences are only found in LT-SFH galaxies when studying these distributions in stellar mass bins. Our results indicate that the large-scale environment is related to a delay in mass assembly of up to $\sim$2 Gyr, while this delay is $<$1 Gyr in the case of local environment. The effect of both kinds of environment is more significant in less massive galaxies, and in LT-SFHs. Our results are consistent with galaxies in groups assembling their stellar mass earlier than singlets, especially in voids and lower mass galaxies. Local environment plays a relevant role in stellar mass assembly times, although we find that large-scale structures also cause a delay in mass assembly, more so in the case of cluster galaxies.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
Aphis fabae subsp. solanella Theobald 1914
Creators: name: Hassan, Muhammad Asghar
name: Asif, Muhammad
name: Chakrabarti, Samiran
name: Amin, Muhammad
name: Abbas, Zohair
name: Maryam, Zershina
name: Iqbal, Zafar
name: Ali, Muhammad
name: Qasim, Muhammad
name: Bashir, Nawaz Haider
name: Ali, Muhammad Yasir
name: Xing, Jichun
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Aphididae
Aphis
Aphis fabae
Aphis fabae solanella theobald, 1914

description: 13. Aphis fabae solanella Theobald, 1914
Host plants
Nerium oleander L. (Apocynaceae), Calendula officinalis L., Centaurea sp., Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop., (Asteraceae), Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. (Malvaceae), Rumex dentatus (Polygonaceae), Solanum nigrum (Solanaceae).
Distribution in Pakistan
PB: Lahore [common all over Pakistan]; cosmopolitan species (Naumann-Etienne & Remaudière 1995; Irshad 2001).
description: Published as part of Hassan, Muhammad Asghar, Asif, Muhammad, Chakrabarti, Samiran, Amin, Muhammad, Abbas, Zohair, Maryam, Zershina, Iqbal, Zafar, Ali, Muhammad, Qasim, Muhammad, Bashir, Nawaz Haider, Ali, Muhammad Yasir & Xing, Jichun, 2024, A comprehensive checklist and host plants of Aphididae (Aphidomorpha: Hemiptera) from Pakistan, pp. 1-114 in European Journal of Taxonomy 945 on page 8, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2024.945.2613, http://zenodo.org/record/13177348
Transverse clues on the kpc-scale structure of the circumgalactic medium as traced by C IV absorption
Creators: name: Lopez, S.
name: Afruni, A.
name: Zamora, D.
name: Tejos, N.
name: Ledoux, C.
name: Hernandez, J.
name: Berg, T. A. M.
name: Cortes, H.
name: Urbina, F.
name: Johnston, E. J.
name: Barrientos, L. F.
name: Bayliss, M. B.
name: Cuellar, R.
name: Krogager, J. K.
name: Noterdaeme, P.
name: Solimano, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present VLT/MUSE integral-field spectroscopy ($R\approx 1\,800$) of four giant gravitational arcs exhibiting strong C IV absorption at 8 intervening redshifts, $z_{abs}\approx 2.0$--$2.5$. We detect C IV absorption in a total of 222 adjacent and seeing-uncorrelated sightlines, whose spectra sample beams of ("de-lensed") linear size $\approx 1$ kpc. Our data show that (1) absorption velocities cluster at all probed transverse scales, $Δr_\perp\approx0$--$15$ kpc, depending on system; (2) the (transverse) velocity dispersion never exceeds the mean (line-of-sight) absorption spread; and (3) the (transverse) velocity autocorrelation function does not resolve kinematic patterns at the above spatial scales, but its velocity projection, $ξ^{arc}(Δv)$, exhibits a similar shape to the known two-point correlation function toward quasars, $ξ^{QSO}(Δv)$. An empirical kinematic model suggests that these results are a natural consequence of wide-beam observations of an unresolved clumpy medium. Our model recovers both the underlying velocity dispersion of the clumps ($70$--$170$ \kms) and the mean number of clumps per unit area ($2$--$13$ kpc$^{-2}$). The latter constrains the projected mean inter-clump distance to within $\approx0.3$--$0.8$ kpc, which we argue is a measure of clump size for near-unity covering fraction. The model is also able to predict $ξ^{arc}(Δv)$ from $ξ^{QSO}(Δv)$, suggesting that the strong systems that shape the former and the line-of-sight velocity components that define the latter trace the same kinematic population. Consequently, the clumps must possess an internal density structure that generates both weak and strong components. We discuss how our interpretation is consistent with previous observations using background galaxies and multiple quasars.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Chromospheric Mg I Emission Lines of Pre-Main-Sequence Stars
Creators: name: Yamashita, Mai
name: Itoh, Yoichi
name: Takagi, Yuhei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To reveal details of the internal structure, the relationship between chromospheric activity and the Rossby number has been extensively examined for main-sequence stars. For active pre-main sequence (PMS) stars, it is suggested that the level of activity be assessed using optically thin emission lines, such as Mg I. We aim to detect Mg I chromospheric emission lines from PMS stars and determine whether the chromosphere is activated by the dynamo process or by mass accretion from protoplanetary disks. We analyzed high-resolution optical spectra of $64\ $PMS stars obtained with Very Large Telescope (VLT)/X-shooter and UVES and examined the infrared Ca II (8542 A) and Mg I (8807 A) emission lines. To detect the weak chromospheric emission lines, we determined the atmospheric parameters ($T_{\rm eff}$ and $\log\ g$) and the degree of veiling of the PMS stars by comparing the observed spectra with photospheric model spectra. After subtracting the photospheric model spectrum from the PMS spectrum, we detected Ca II and Mg I as emission lines. The strengths of the Mg I emission lines in PMS stars with no veiling are comparable to those in zero-age main-sequence (ZAMS) stars if both types of stars have similar Rossby numbers. The Mg I emission lines in these PMS stars are thought to be formed by a dynamo process similar to that in ZAMS stars. In contrast, the Mg I emission lines in PMS stars with veiling are stronger than those in ZAMS stars. These objects are believed to have protoplanetary disks, where mass accretion generates shocks near the photosphere, heating the chromosphere. The chromosphere of PMS stars is activated not only by the dynamo process but also by mass accretion.
description: accepted for Astronomy and Astrophysics
Mg ii h&k spectra of an enhanced network region simulated with the MURaM-ChE code. Results using 1.5D synthesis
Creators: name: Ondratschek, P.
name: Przybylski, D.
name: Smitha, H. N.
name: Cameron, R.
name: Solanki, S. K.
name: Leenaarts, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Mg ii h&k lines are key diagnostics of the solar chromosphere. They are sensitive to the temperature, density, and non-thermal velocities in the chromosphere. The average Mg ii h&k line profiles arising from previous 3D chromospheric simulations are too narrow. We study the formation and properties of the Mg ii h&k lines in a model atmosphere. We also compare the average spectrum, peak intensity, and peak separation of Mg ii k with a representative observation taken by IRIS. We use a model based on the recently developed non-equilibrium version of the radiative magneto-hydrodynamics code MURaM, in combination with forward modeling using the radiative transfer code RH1.5D to obtain synthetic spectra. Our model resembles an enhanced network region created by using an evolved MURaM quiet sun simulation and adding a similar imposed large-scale bipolar magnetic field as in the public Bifrost snapshot of a bipolar magnetic feature. The line width and the peak separation of the spatially averaged spectrum of the Mg ii h&k lines from the MURaM simulation are close to a representative observation from the quiet sun which also includes network fields. However, we find the synthesized line width to be still slightly narrower than in the observation. We find that velocities in the chromosphere play a dominant role in the broadening of the spectral lines. While the average synthetic spectrum also shows a good match with the observations in the pseudo continuum between the two emission lines, the peak intensities are higher in the modeled spectrum. This discrepancy may partly be due to the larger magnetic flux density in the simulation than in the considered observations but also due to the 1.5D radiative transfer approximation. Our findings show that strong maximum velocity differences or turbulent velocities in the chromosphere are necessary to reproduce the observed line widths.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures; accepted for publication by A&A
THE PORTRAYAL OF CHILDHOOD AND EDUCATION IN THE WORKS OF CHARLES DICKENS
Creators: name: Xalimova Nafosat Xayrullo qizi The student of Chirchik State Pedagogical University Email: nafosatxonhalimova@gmail.com Scientific adviser: Mavluda Abduvaliyevna Komiljonova Teacher, Chirchik State Pedagogical University
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Charles Dickens, a prolific Victorian-era novelist, captured the intricacies of childhood and education in his literary works. This article delves into Dickens' portrayal of these themes, examining the challenges faced by children and the flaws within the educational system of his time. Through a thematic analysis of key novels, this study sheds light on Dickens' social commentary and his enduring impact on understanding childhood and education in literature.

      Key words: Charles Dickens, childhood, education, Victorian era, social commentary, thematic analysis.
Aphis farinosa subsp. farinosa Gmelin 1790
Creators: name: Hassan, Muhammad Asghar
name: Asif, Muhammad
name: Chakrabarti, Samiran
name: Amin, Muhammad
name: Abbas, Zohair
name: Maryam, Zershina
name: Iqbal, Zafar
name: Ali, Muhammad
name: Qasim, Muhammad
name: Bashir, Nawaz Haider
name: Ali, Muhammad Yasir
name: Xing, Jichun
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Aphididae
Aphis
Aphis farinosa
Aphis farinosa farinosa gmelin, 1790

description: 14. Aphis farinosa farinosa Gmelin, 1790
Host plants
Sageretia brandrethiana Aitch. (Rhamnaceae), Salix sp. (Salicaceae).
Distribution in Pakistan
GB: Diamer (Darel), Gilgit, Skardu (Naumann-Etienne & Remaudière 1995).
description: Published as part of Hassan, Muhammad Asghar, Asif, Muhammad, Chakrabarti, Samiran, Amin, Muhammad, Abbas, Zohair, Maryam, Zershina, Iqbal, Zafar, Ali, Muhammad, Qasim, Muhammad, Bashir, Nawaz Haider, Ali, Muhammad Yasir & Xing, Jichun, 2024, A comprehensive checklist and host plants of Aphididae (Aphidomorpha: Hemiptera) from Pakistan, pp. 1-114 in European Journal of Taxonomy 945 on page 8, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2024.945.2613, http://zenodo.org/record/13177348
Rapid Marking Attendance with Face Recognition
Creators: name: temiz, hakan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 460306
subject: Image processing
classificationCode: 460304
subject: Computer vision

description: Marking attendance (MA) of students in the classes or exam halls is not only an onerous taskfor the instructors, but it is also time consuming. There is a growing need for efficient and utonomous techniques for marking attendance. Face recognition is one of prevalently used biometric techniques for identification and authentication of humans that detects individuals by their face information. This article presents an attendance system based on face recognition. The proposed method detects the students exploiting their faces present in live camera images or in a given image through the Eigen Face Recognition algorithm which is exploiting principal component analysis (PCA). After then, students are recognized and the information on their attendance recorded in an offline MSSQL database. HAAR algorithm is used as a classifier in recognition process. In the experimental studies, it has been observed that the face recognition system works with an average accuracy of 79.31% in the real classroom environment. The obtained results showed that the designed system is promising for automatic authentication and marking attendance in classroom and exam sessions. It has been also shown that with the proposed system, marking, authentication and recording works can be completed in a much shorter time and with higher accuracy
Aphis frangulae Kaltenbach 1845
Creators: name: Hassan, Muhammad Asghar
name: Asif, Muhammad
name: Chakrabarti, Samiran
name: Amin, Muhammad
name: Abbas, Zohair
name: Maryam, Zershina
name: Iqbal, Zafar
name: Ali, Muhammad
name: Qasim, Muhammad
name: Bashir, Nawaz Haider
name: Ali, Muhammad Yasir
name: Xing, Jichun
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Aphididae
Aphis
Aphis frangulae

description: 15. Aphis frangulae Kaltenbach, 1845
Host plant
Sageretia brandrethiana (Rhamnaceae).
Distribution in Pakistan
UNK: widespread species (Naumann-Etienne & Remaudière 1995).
description: Published as part of Hassan, Muhammad Asghar, Asif, Muhammad, Chakrabarti, Samiran, Amin, Muhammad, Abbas, Zohair, Maryam, Zershina, Iqbal, Zafar, Ali, Muhammad, Qasim, Muhammad, Bashir, Nawaz Haider, Ali, Muhammad Yasir & Xing, Jichun, 2024, A comprehensive checklist and host plants of Aphididae (Aphidomorpha: Hemiptera) from Pakistan, pp. 1-114 in European Journal of Taxonomy 945 on page 8, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2024.945.2613, http://zenodo.org/record/13177348
Simulating images of radio galaxies with diffusion models
Creators: name: Martínez, Tobias Vičánek
name: Pérez, Nicolás Barón
name: Brüggen, Marcus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With increasing amounts of data in astronomy, automated analysis methods have become crucial. Synthetic data are required for developing and testing such methods. Current simulations often suffer from insufficient detail or inaccurate representation of source type occurrences. To overcome those deficiencies, we implemented a deep generative model trained on observations to generate realistic radio galaxy images with full control over the flux and source morphology. We used a diffusion model, trained with continuous time steps to reduce sampling time without quality impairments. Two models were trained on two different datasets, respectively. One set was a selection of images from the second data release of the LOFAR Two-Metre Sky Survey (LoTSS). The model is conditioned on peak flux values to preserve signal intensity information after re-scaling image pixel values. The other, smaller set was obtained from the VLA survey of Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty-Centimeters (FIRST). In that set, every image was provided with a morphological class label the corresponding model was conditioned on. Conditioned sampling is realized with classifier-free diffusion guidance. We evaluated the quality of generated images by comparing distributions of different quantities over the real and generated data, including results from the standard source-finding algorithms. The class conditioning was evaluated by training a classifier and comparing its performance on both real and generated data. We were able to generate realistic images of high quality using 25 sampling steps, which is unprecedented in the field of radio astronomy. The generated images are visually indistinguishable from the training data and the distributions of different image metrics were replicated. The classifier performs equally well for real and generated images, indicating strong sampling control over morphological properties.
Filaments in and between galaxy clusters at low and mid-frequency with the SKA telescope
Creators: name: Vacca, Valentina
name: Govoni, Federica
name: Murgia, Matteo
name: Loi, Francesca
name: Feretti, Luigina
name: Li, Hui
name: Battistelli, Elia
name: Enßlin, Torsten A.
name: Marchegiani, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the magnetised Universe is a major challenge in modern astrophysics, and cosmic magnetism has been acknowledged as one of the science key drivers of the most ambitious radio instrument ever planned, the SKA telescope. With this work, we aim to investigate the potential of the SKA telescope and its precursors and pathfinders in the study of magnetic fields in galaxy clusters and filaments through diffuse synchrotron radio emission. Galaxy clusters and filaments of the cosmic web are indeed unique laboratories to investigate turbulent fluid motions and large-scale magnetic fields in action and much of what is known about magnetic fields in galaxy clusters comes from sensitive radio observations. Based on cosmological MHD simulations, we predict radio properties (total intensity and polarisation) of a pair of galaxy clusters connected by a cosmic-web filament. We use our theoretical expectations to explore the potential of polarimetric observations to study large-scale structure magnetic fields in the frequency ranges 50-350MHz and 950-1760MHz. We also present predictions for galaxy cluster polarimetric observations with the SKA precursors and pathfinders (LOFAR2.0 and MeerKAT+). Our findings point out that polarisation observations are particularly powerful for the study of large-scale magnetic fields, since they are not significantly affected by confusion noise. The unprecedented sensitivity and spatial resolution of the intermediate frequency radio telescopes make them the favourite instruments for the study of these sources through polarimetric data, potentially allowing us to understand if the energy density of relativistic electrons is in equipartition with the magnetic field or coupled with the thermal gas density. Our results show that low frequency instruments represent as well a precious tool to study diffuse synchrotron emission in total intensity and polarisation.
description: Accepted for publication on A&A, 12 pages
The variability of Betelgeuse explained by surface convection
Creators: name: Pilate, Quentin
name: Ariste, Arturo López
name: Lavail, Alexis
name: Mathias, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Betelgeuse is a red supergiant (RSG) that is known to vary semi-regularly on both short and long timescales. The origin of the short period of Betelgeuse has often been associated to radial pulsations but could also be due to the convection motions present at the surface of RSGs. Aims. We investigate the link between surface activity and the variability of the star. Methods. Linear polarization in Betelgeuse is a proxy of convection which is unrelated to pulsations. Using 10 years of spectropolarimetric data of Betelgeuse, we seek for periodicities in the least-squares deconvolution profiles of Stokes I, Q, U and the total linear polarization using Lomb-Scargle periodograms. Results. We find similar periods in linear polarization signals than in photometric variability. The 400 d period is too close to a peak of the window function of our data. But the two periods of 330 d and 200 d are present in the periodogram of Stokes Q and U, showing that the variability of Betelgeuse can be interpreted as due to surface convection. Conclusions. Since linear polarization in the spectrum of Betelgeuse is not known to vary with pulsations, but is linked to surface convection, and since similar periods are found in time series of photometric measurements and spectropolarimetry, we conclude that the photometric variability is due to the surface convective structures, and not to any pulsation phenomenon.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in A&A