cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Prior human polyomavirus and papillomavirus infection and incident lung cancer: a nested case–control study
Creators: name: Hughes, James
name: Weiss, Noel
name: Smith, Jennifer
name: Carter, Joseph
name: Qiao, You-Lin
name: Hawes, Stephen
name: Colombara, Danny
name: Goodman, Gary
name: Galloway, Denise
name: Barnett, Matt
name: Manhart, Lisa
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Purpose—To test whether infection with select human polyomaviruses (HPyV) and human papillomaviruses (HPV) is associated with incident lung cancer. Methods—We performed a nested case-control study, testing serum from the Carotene and Retinol Efficacy Trial CARET), conducted 1985–2005, for antibodies to Merkel cell (MCV), KI (KIV), and WU (WUV) HPyVs as well as to six high-risk and two low-risk HPV types. Incident lung cancer cases (n=200) were frequency-matched with controls (n=200) on age, enrollment and blood draw dates, intervention arm assignment, and the number of serum freeze / thaw cycles. Sera were tested using multiplex liquid bead microarray antibody assays. We used logistic regression to assess the association between HPyV and HPV antibodies and lung cancer. Results—There was no evidence of a positive association between levels of MCV, KIV, or WUV antibodies and incident lung cancer (P-corrected>0.10 for all trend tests; odds ratio (OR) range 0.72 to 1.09, P-corrected>0.10 for all). There was also no evidence for a positive association between HPV 16 or 18 infection and incident lung cancer (P-corrected≥0.10 for all trend tests; OR range 0.25 to 2.54, P>0.05 for all OR>1), but the number of persons with serologic evidence of these infections was small. Conclusions—Prior infection with any of several types of HPyV or HPV was not associated with subsequent diagnosis of lung cancer. Infection with these viruses likely does not influence a person’s risk of lung cancer in Western smoking populations.
Neurovascular development: The beginning of a beautiful friendship
Creators: name: Bautch, Victoria
name: James, Jennifer
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Neurovascular development in the central nervous system has a rich history and compelling significance. The developing central nervous system (CNS) does not produce vascular progenitor cells, and so ingression of blood vessels is required for continued CNS development and function. Classic studies provide elegant descriptions of formation of the vascular plexus that surrounds the embryonic brain and spinal cord, and the subsequent ingression of blood vessels into the neural tissue. Recent work has focused on the molecular pathways responsible for neurovascular cross-talk and development of the blood-brain barrier. Here we review neurovascular development in the central nervous system, with emphasis on the spinal cord. We discuss the historical work, the current status of our knowledge and unanswered questions. The importance of neurovascular development to diseases of the cerebral vasculature and the neural stem cell niche are discussed.
The mean curvature equation on semidirect products $\mathbb{R}^2\rtimes_A\mathbb{R}$: Height estimates and Scherk-like graphs
Creators: name: Ramos, Alvaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: On the ambient space of a Lie group with a left invariant metric that is isometric and isomorphic to a semidirect product $\mathbb{R}^2\rtimes_A\mathbb{R}$, we consider a domain $Ω\subseteq \mathbb{R}^2\rtimes_A\{0\}$ and vertical $π$-graphs over $Ω$ and study the partial differential equation a function $u:Ω\rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ must satisfy in order to have prescribed mean curvature $H$. Using techniques from quasilinear elliptic equations we prove that if a $π-$graph has non-negative mean curvature, then it satisfy some uniform height estimates that depend on $Ω$ and on a parameter $α$, given a priori. When $\text{trace}(A) > 0$, these estimates imply that the oscillation of a minimal graph assuming the same constant value $n$ along the boundary tends to zero when $n\rightarrow + \infty$ and goes to $+ \infty$ if $n\rightarrow - \infty$. Furthermore, we use some of the estimates, allied with techniques from Killing graphs, to prove the existence of minimal $π-$graphs assuming the value $0$ along a piecewise smooth curve $γ$ with endpoints $p_1,\,p_2$ and having as boundary $γ\cup (\{p_1\}\times[0,\,+\infty))\cup(\{p_2\}\times[0,\,+\infty))$.
description: 28 pages, 5 figures
New shallow-water nudibranch records (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Heterobranchia) from North West Atlantic coast of Iberian Peninsula
Creators: name: ALMÓN, Bruno
name: PÉREZ, Jacinto
name: TRIGO, Juan E.
name: FERRERAS, Diego
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2019

description: Samplings carried out in the last years by the "Grupo de Estudo do Medio Mariño" (GEMM) in Ría de Arousa, have resulted in the discovery of four species never recorded before in the Iberian Peninsula waters. New data on the feeding habits of Atagema gibba Pruvot-Fol, 1951, Onchidoris bilamellata (Linné, 1767) and Armina neapolitana (Delle Chiaje, 1824) are given, as well as details about the number of specimens observed and reproductive behavior, which leads us to assume the presence of stable populations of these species in the area. Flabellina affinis (Gmelin, 1791) was previously reported for Galician waters, but according to the published image, this seems to have been misidentified with F. ischitana Hirano & Thompson, 1990. We present here new data about the presence of large numbers of this southern species in the area.
Non-Universality of Nodal Length Distribution for Arithmetic Random Waves
Creators: name: Marinucci, Domenico
name: Peccati, Giovanni
name: Rossi, Maurizia
name: Wigman, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G60, 60D05, 60B10, 58J50, 35P20

description: "Arithmetic random waves" are the Gaussian Laplace eigenfunctions on the two-dimensional torus (Rudnick and Wigman (2008), Krishnapur, Kurlberg and Wigman (2013)). In this paper we find that their nodal length converges to a non-universal (non-Gaussian) limiting distribution, depending on the angular distribution of lattice points lying on circles. Our argument has two main ingredients. An explicit derivation of the Wiener-Itô chaos expansion for the nodal length shows that it is dominated by its $4$th order chaos component (in particular, somewhat surprisingly, the second order chaos component vanishes). The rest of the argument relies on the precise analysis of the fourth order chaotic component.
description: Accepted for publication on Geometric and Functional Analysis
(218) William Cunningham
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Adipose Acyl-CoA Synthetase-1 Directs Fatty Acids toward β-Oxidation and Is Required for Cold Thermogenesis
Creators: name: Ilkayeva, Olga
name: Watkins, Steven
name: Li, Lei
name: Coleman, Rosalind
name: Koves, Timothy
name: Ellis, Jessica
name: Stevens, Robert
name: Muoio, Deborah
name: Wu, Pei-Chi
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Acyl-CoA synthetase-1 (ACSL) contributes 80% of total ACSL activity in adipose tissue and was believed to be essential for the synthesis of triacylglycerol. We predicted that an adipose-specific knockout of ACSL1 (Acsl1A−/−) would be lipodystrophic, but, compared to controls, Acsl1A−/− mice had 30% greater fat mass when fed a low fat diet, and gained weight normally when fed a high fat diet. Acsl1A−/− adipocytes incorporated [14C]oleate into glycerolipids normally, but fatty acid oxidation rates were 50–90% lower than in control adipocytes and mitochondria. Acsl1A−/− mice were markedly cold intolerant, and β3-adrenergic agonists did not increase oxygen consumption, despite normal adrenergic signaling in brown adipose tissue. The reduced adipose FA oxidation and marked cold intolerance of Acsl1A−/− mice indicate that normal activation of FA for oxidation in adipose tissue in vivo requires ACSL1. Thus, ACSL1 has a specific function in directing the metabolic partitioning of fatty acids towards β-oxidation.
Singularities of the geodesic flow on surfaces with pseudo-Riemannian metrics
Creators: name: Remizov, A. O.
name: Tari, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C22, 53B30, 34C05

description: We consider a pseudo-Riemannian metric that changes signature along a smooth curve on a surface, called the discriminant curve. The discriminant curve separates the surface locally into a Riemannian and a Lorentzian domain. We study the local behaviour and properties of geodesics at a point on the discriminant where the isotropic direction is tangent to the discriminant curve.
Binding of Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF)–Binding Protein-5 to Smooth-Muscle Cell Extracellular Matrix Is a Major Determinant of the Cellular Response to IGF-I
Creators: name: Clarke, Jane
name: Busby, Walker H.
name: Clemmons, David R.
name: Parker, Alex
name: Rees, Catherine
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1998

description: Insulin-like growth factor–binding protein-5 (IGFBP-5) has been shown to bind to fibroblast extracellular matrix (ECM). Extracellular matrix binding of IGFBP-5 leads to a decrease in its affinity for insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), which allows IGF-I to better equilibrate with IGF receptors. When the amount of IGFBP-5 that is bound to ECM is increased by exogenous addition, IGF-I’s effect on fibroblast growth is enhanced. In this study we identified the specific basic residues in IGFBP-5 that mediate its binding to porcine smooth-muscle cell (pSMC) ECM. An IGFBP-5 mutant containing alterations of basic residues at positions 211, 214, 217, and 218 had the greatest reduction in ECM binding, although three other mutants, R214A, R207A/K211N, and K202A/R206N/R207A, also had major decreases. In contrast, three other mutants, R201A/K202N/R206N/R208A, and K217N/R218A and K211N, had only minimal reductions in ECM binding. This suggested that residues R207 and R214 were the most important for binding, whereas alterations in K211 and R218, which align near them, had minimal effects. To determine the effect of a reduction in ECM binding on the cellular replication response to IGF-I, pSMCs were transfected with the mutant cDNAs that encoded the forms of IGFBPs with the greatest changes in ECM binding. The ECM content of IGFBP-5 from cultures expressing the K211N, R214A, R217A/R218A, and K202A/R206N/R207A mutants was reduced by 79.6 and 71.7%, respectively, compared with cells expressing the wild-type protein. In contrast, abundance of the R201A/K202N/R206N/R208A mutant was reduced by only 14%. Cells expressing the two mutants with reduced ECM binding had decreased DNA synthesis responses to IGF-I, but the cells expressing the R201A/K202N/R206N/R208A mutant responded well to IGF-I. The findings suggest that specific basic amino acids at positions 207 and 214 mediate the binding of IGFBP-5 to pSMC/ECM. Smooth-muscle cells that constitutively express the mutants that bind weakly to ECM are less responsive to IGF-I, suggesting that ECM binding of IGFBP-5 is an important variable that determines cellular responsiveness.
Myosin-X functions in polarized epithelial cells
Creators: name: Dunn, B. D.
name: Liu, K. C.
name: Jacobs, D. T.
name: Fanning, A. S.
name: Cheney, R. E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Myosin-X, an unconventional myosin that has been studied primarily in fibroblast-like cells, has been shown to have important functions in polarized epithelial cell junction formation, regulation of paracellular permeability, and epithelial morphogenesis.Myosin-X (Myo10) is an unconventional myosin that localizes to the tips of filopodia and has critical functions in filopodia. Although Myo10 has been studied primarily in nonpolarized, fibroblast-like cells, Myo10 is expressed in vivo in many epithelia-rich tissues, such as kidney. In this study, we investigate the localization and functions of Myo10 in polarized epithelial cells, using Madin-Darby canine kidney II cells as a model system. Calcium-switch experiments demonstrate that, during junction assembly, green fluorescent protein–Myo10 localizes to lateral membrane cell–cell contacts and to filopodia-like structures imaged by total internal reflection fluorescence on the basal surface. Knockdown of Myo10 leads to delayed recruitment of E-cadherin and ZO-1 to junctions, as well as a delay in tight junction barrier formation, as indicated by a delay in the development of peak transepithelial electrical resistance (TER). Although Myo10 knockdown cells eventually mature into monolayers with normal TER, these monolayers do exhibit increased paracellular permeability to fluorescent dextrans. Importantly, knockdown of Myo10 leads to mitotic spindle misorientation, and in three-dimensional culture, Myo10 knockdown cysts exhibit defects in lumen formation. Together these results reveal that Myo10 functions in polarized epithelial cells in junction formation, regulation of paracellular permeability, and epithelial morphogenesis.
On irreducibility and disjointness of Koopman and quasi-regular representations of weakly branch groups
Creators: name: Dudko, Artem
name: Grigorchuk, Rostislav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study Koopman and quasi-regular representations corresponding to the action of arbitrary weakly branch group G on the boundary of a rooted tree T. One of the main results is that in the case of a quasi-invariant Bernoulli measure on the boundary of T the corresponding Koopman representation of G is irreducible (under some general conditions). We also show that quasi-regular representations of G corresponding to different orbits and Koopman representations corresponding to different Bernoulli measures on the boundary of T are pairwise disjoint. This gives two continual collections of pairwise disjoint irreducible representations of a weakly branch group. Another corollary of our results is triviality of the centralizer of G in various groups of transformations on the boundary of T.
A new species of Ancinus Milne Edwards, 1840 (Crustacea: Isopoda) from shallow coastal waters of northeastern Brazil
Creators: name: GUEDES-SILVA, Elkênita
name: PAIVA, Ricardo José De Carvalho
name: MAIDA, Mauro
name: SOUZA-FILHO, Jesser F.
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2019

description: A new species of the genus Ancinus is described from Tamandaré Bay, Pernambuco, Brazil. Ancinus velella sp. nov. is similar to A. granulatus and A. jarocho, from the broad body, 1.5 times as long as wide, granular dorsal surface, eyes elevated on swellings and pleotelson distally broad and truncate. Ancinus velella sp. nov. is readily identified by the characters of male pereopod 1 dactylus serrate at 1/3 of inner margin, pleotelson apex broadly truncate, pleopod 4 exopod pointed and three squamiferous protuberances exopod of pleopod 5. This is the third species the genus Ancinus described from Brazil. Also, a key to all species of Ancinus is provided.
(213) Margaret Cunningham[e]
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Wild-Type N-Ras, Overexpressed in Basal-like Breast Cancer, Promotes Tumor Formation by Inducing IL-8 Secretion via JAK2 Activation
Creators: name: Wang, Hai
name: Liao, Yi-Hua
name: Zhang, Xiang
name: Creighton, Chad
name: Li, Yi
name: Chang, Eric
name: Lewis, Michael
name: Medina, Daniel
name: Gao, Xia
name: Zheng, Ze-Yi
name: Edwards, Dean
name: Hilsenbeck, Susan
name: Perou, Charles
name: Zwaka, Thomas
name: Bu, Wen
name: Fan, Cheng
name: Tian, Lin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Basal-like breast cancers (BLBCs) are aggressive, and their drivers are unclear. We have found that wild-type N-RAS is overexpressed in BLBCs but not in other breast cancer subtypes. Repressing N-RAS inhibits transformation and tumor growth, whereas overexpression enhances these processes even in preinvasive BLBC cells. We identified N-Ras-responsive genes, most of which encode chemokines; e.g., IL8. Expression levels of these chemokines and N-RAS in tumors correlate with outcome. N-Ras, but not K-Ras, induces IL-8 by binding and activating the cytoplasmic pool of JAK2; IL-8 then acts on both the cancer cells and stromal fibroblasts. Thus, BLBC progression is promoted by increasing activities of wild-type N-Ras, which mediates autocrine/paracrine signaling that can influence both cancer and stroma cells.
Dorylaimopsis heteroapophysis sp. nov. (Comesomatidae: Nematoda) from the Jiaozhou Bay of China
Creators: name: HUANG, Mian
name: SUN, Yan
name: HUANG, Yong
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2018

description: A new species of free-living marine nematode of the genus Dorylaimopsis is described from the sublittoral sediment of the Jiaozhou Bay of Qingdao, China. Dorylaimopsis heteroapophysis sp. nov. is characterized by the cuticle punctuated in transverse lines with lateral differentiation of three longitudinal rows of larger dots in the pharyngeal and caudal regions and two longitudinal rows of larger dots in the rest of body. Labial sensilla very short. Four cephalic setae 4-5.5 µm long. Buccal cavity cylindrical with three cuticularised teeth. Amphideal fovea multi-spiral, 2.5-3 turns. Spicules arcuate, 1.8-2 abd long, cephalated proximal end with short median cuticularized strip. Gubernaculum with two unequal- sized dorso-caudally apophyses, right one short and left one longer. 11-12 fine tubular precloacal supplements. Tail conico- cylindrical with enlarged tip. An updated dichotomous key is provided for the 22 valid species of Dorylaimopsis.
Notch-Dependent Differentiation of Adult Airway Basal Stem Cells
Creators: name: Hogan, Brigid
name: Rock, Jason
name: Kong, Young-Yun
name: Xue, Yan
name: Gao, Xia
name: Randell, Scott
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: The epithelium lining the airways of the adult human lung is composed of ciliated and secretory cells together with undifferentiated basal cells (BCs). The composition and organization of this epithelium is severely disrupted in many respiratory diseases. However, little is known about the mechanisms controlling airway homeostasis and repair after epithelial damage. Here, we exploit the mouse tracheobronchial epithelium, in which BCs function as resident stem cells, as a genetically tractable model of human small airways. Using a reporter allele we show that the low level of Notch signaling at steady state is greatly enhanced during repair and the generation of luminal progenitors. Loss-of-function experiments show that Notch signaling is required for the differentiation, but not self-renewal, of BCs. Moreover, sustained Notch activation in BCs promotes their luminal differentiation, primarily towards secretory lineages. We also provide evidence that this function of Notch signaling is conserved in BCs from human airways.
TU Delft Research Data Framework Policy
Creators: name: Ahlers, Ingeborg
name: Andrews, Heather
name: Cruz, Maria
name: van Dijck, Jasper
name: Dintzner, Nicolas
name: Dunning, Alastair
name: Eggermont, Robert
name: den Heijer, Kees
name: Ilamparuthi, Santosh
name: van der Kruyk, Munire
name: van der Kuil, Annemiek
name: Kurapati, Shalini
name: Love, Jeff
name: Martinez Lavanchy, Paula
name: Plomp-Petersen, Esther
name: de Smaele, Madeleine
name: Teperek, Marta
name: Turkyilmaz-van der Velden, Yasemin
name: Versteeg, Anke
name: Wang, Yan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: RDM
Data Stewardship
FAIR data
policy
PhD
Open Science
TU Delft

description: This is the revised TU Delft Research Data Framework Policy (V2), which was approved by the Executive Board of TU Delft on 23 June 2020. This framework policy is accompanied by faculty-specific data policies.
(212) John Spiers
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Twin peak HF QPOs as a spectral imprint of dual oscillation modes of accretion tori
Creators: name: Bakala, Pavel
name: Goluchová, Kateřina
name: Török, Gabriel
name: Šrámková, Eva
name: Abramowicz, Marek A.
name: Vincent, Frederic H.
name: Mazur, Grzegorz P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High frequency (millisecond) quasi-periodic oscillations (HF QPOs) are observed in the X-ray power-density spectra of several microquasars and low mass X-ray binaries. Two distinct QPO peaks, so-called twin peak QPOs, are often detected simultaneously exhibiting their frequency ratio close or equal to 3/2. Following the analytic theory and previous studies of observable spectral signatures, we aim to model the twin peak QPOs as a spectral imprint of specific dual oscillation regime defined by a combination of the lowest radial and vertical oscillation mode of optically thick slender tori with constant specific angular momentum. We examined power spectra and fluorescent K$α$ iron line profiles for two different simulation setups with the mode frequency relations corresponding to the epicyclic resonance HF QPOs model and modified relativistic precession QPOs model. We use relativistic ray-tracing implemented in parallel simulation code LSDplus. In the background of the Kerr spacetime geometry, we analyze the influence of the distant observer inclination and the spin of the central compact object. Relativistic optical projection of the oscillating slender torus is illustrated by images in false colours related to the frequency shift. We show that performed simulations yield power spectra with the pair of dominant peaks corresponding to the frequencies of radial and vertical oscillation modes with the proper ratio equal to 3/2 on a wide range of inclinations and spin values. We also discuss exceptional cases of a very small and very high inclination as well as unstable high spin relativistic precession-like configuration predicting constant frequency ratio equal to 1/2. We demonstrate signifiant dependency of broadened K$α$ iron line profiles on the inclination of the distant observer.
description: accepted for publication by A\&A
(214) Jeannie Speirs
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Metazoan parasites of Boops boops (Linnaeus, 1758) from the Algerian coast
Creators: name: IDER, Djamila
name: RAMDANE, Zouhir
name: TRILLES, Jean-Paul
name: AMARA, Rachid
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2018

description: Six-hundred and forty-five specimens of Boops boops (L.) were sampled in the Gulf of Bejaia (Eastern coast of Algeria) and examined for their parasite fauna from February 2013 to March 2014. Among the 15 identified parasites species, Tetrochetus coryphaenae (Yamaguti, 1934) and Pseudaxine trachuri (Parona & Parugia, 1890) were collected for the first time respectively on digestive tract and gills of B. boops from Algerian. The microhabitat and host specificity vary according to parasites species. Statistically significant differences were recorded in the infestation rate and mean intensity between seasons (p < 0.001) and also between size classes (p < 0.001) and p = 0.011 respectively. Parasitism has no apparent effects on the condition (males: p= 0.195, females: p = 0.188) and the length-weight relationship (males: p = 0.247, females: p = 0.08) of both sexes. A checklist of all collected metazoan parasites on B. Boops from the Mediterranean Sea was produced. Until now B. boops from Algeria hosts 37 species of Metazoan parasites among the 56 known species in the Mediterranean Sea. Our study has added two new parasite species infecting the Algerian B. boops.
The THO Complex Regulates Pluripotency Gene mRNA Export and Controls Embryonic Stem Cell Self-Renewal and Somatic Cell Reprogramming
Creators: name: Lipchina, Inna
name: Williams, Carmen
name: Shi, Yongsheng
name: Hu, Guang
name: Hochedlinger, Konrad
name: Fargo, David
name: Burkholder, Adam
name: Ward, James
name: Miao, Yi-Liang
name: Lackford, Brad
name: Wang, Li
name: Zhou, Bingying
name: Zheng, Xiaofeng
name: Han, Leng
name: Yao, Chengguo
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Embryonic stem cell (ESC) self-renewal and differentiation are governed by a broad-ranging regulatory network. Although the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms involved have been investigated extensively, post-transcriptional regulation is still poorly understood. Here we describe a critical role of the THO complex in ESC self-renewal and differentiation. We show that THO preferentially interacts with pluripotency gene transcripts through Thoc5, and is required for self-renewal at least in part by regulating their export and expression. During differentiation, THO loses its interaction with those transcripts due to reduced Thoc5 expression, leading to decreased expression of pluripotency proteins that facilitates exit from self-renewal. THO is also important for the establishment of pluripotency, as its depletion inhibits somatic cell reprogramming and blastocyst development. Together, our data indicate that THO regulates pluripotency gene mRNA export to control ESC self-renewal and differentiation, and therefore uncover a role for this aspect of post-transcriptional regulation in stem cell fate specification.
ÉTUDE AUTORADIOGRAPHIQUE DU MÉTABOLISME DES ACIDES NUCLÉIQUES ET DES PROTÉINES AU COURS DU DÉVELOPPEMENT DE L'OEUF CHEZ ARBACIA LIXULA
Creators: name: NIGON, V.
name: GILLOT, S.
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1963

Abstract
Infection of human mucosal tissue by Pseudomonas aeruginosa requires sequential and mutually dependent virulence factors and a novel pilus-associated adhesin
Creators: name: Pickles, Raymond J.
name: Wolfgang, Matthew C.
name: Koomey, Michael
name: Winther-Larsen, Hanne C.
name: Heiniger, Ryan W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Tissue damage predisposes humans to life-threatening disseminating infection by the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Bacterial adherence to host tissue is a critical first step in this infection process. It is well established that P. aeruginosa attachment to host cells involves type IV pili (TFP), which are retractile surface fibers. The molecular details of attachment and the identity of the bacterial adhesin and host receptor remain controversial. Using a mucosal epithelium model system derived from primary human tissue, we show that the pilus-associated protein PilY1 is required for bacterial adherence. We establish that P. aeruginosa preferentially binds to exposed basolateral host cell surfaces, providing a mechanistic explanation for opportunistic infection of damaged tissue. Further, we demonstrate that invasion and fulminant infection of intact host tissue requires the coordinated and mutually dependent action of multiple bacterial factors, including pilus fiber retraction and the host cell intoxication system, termed type III secretion. Our findings offer new and important insights into the complex interactions between a pathogen and its human host and provide compelling evidence that PilY1 serves as the principal P. aeruginosa adhesin for human tissue and that it specifically recognizes a host receptor localized or enriched on basolateral epithelial cell surfaces.
Crossings as a side effect of dependency lengths
Creators: name: Ferrer-i-Cancho, Ramon
name: Gómez-Rodríguez, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The syntactic structure of sentences exhibits a striking regularity: dependencies tend to not cross when drawn above the sentence. We investigate two competing explanations. The traditional hypothesis is that this trend arises from an independent principle of syntax that reduces crossings practically to zero. An alternative to this view is the hypothesis that crossings are a side effect of dependency lengths, i.e. sentences with shorter dependency lengths should tend to have fewer crossings. We are able to reject the traditional view in the majority of languages considered. The alternative hypothesis can lead to a more parsimonious theory of language.
description: the discussion section has been expanded significantly; in press in Complexity (Wiley)
Design and synthesis of active heparan sulfate-based probes
Creators: name: Liu, Jian
name: Hsieh, Po-Hung
name: Huang, Xuefei
name: Xu, Yongmei
name: O'Leary, Timothy
name: Zhou, Wen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: A chemoenzymatic approach for synthesizing heparan sulfate oligosaccharides with a reactive diazoacetyl saccharide residue is reported. The resultant oligosaccharides were demonstrated to serve as specific inhibitors for heparan sulfate sulfotransferases, offering a new set of tools to probe the structural selectivity for heparan sulfate-binding proteins.
Co-delivery of an HIV prophylactic and contraceptive using PGSU as a long-acting multipurpose prevention technology
Creators: name: Cohen, Jarrod
name: Shull, Dennis
name: Reed, Stephanie
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Poly(glycerol sebacate) urethane (PGSU) elastomers formulated with 4′-ethynyl-2-fluoro-2′-deoxyadenosine (EFdA), levonorgestrel (LNG), or a combination thereof can function as multipurpose prevention technology implants for prophylaxis against HIV and unintended pregnancies. For these public health challenges, long-acting drug delivery technologies may improve patient experience and adherence. Traditional polymers encounter challenges delivering multiple drugs with dissimilar physiochemical properties. PGSU offers an alternative option that successfully delivers hydrophilic EFdA alongside hydrophobic LNG. This article presents the formulation, design, and characterization of PGSU implants, highlighting the impact of API loading, dimensions, and individual- versus combination-loading on release rates. Co-delivery of hydrophilic EFdA alongside hydrophobic LNG acted as a porogen to accelerate LNG release. Increasing the surface area of LNG-only implants increased LNG release. All EFdA–LNG, EFdA-only, and LNG-only formulated implants demonstrated low burst release and linear release kinetics over 245 or 122 days studied to date. PGSU co-delivers two APIs for HIV prevention and contraception at therapeutically relevant concentrations in vitro from a single bioresorbable, elastomeric implant. A new long-acting polymer technology, PGSU demonstrates linear-release kinetics, dual delivery of APIs with disparate physiochemical properties, and biocompatibility through long-term subcutaneous implantation. PGSU can potentially meet the demands of complex MPT or fixed-dose combination products, where better solutions can serve and empower patients.
Multiple Family Groups to reduce child disruptive behavior difficulties: Moderating effects of child welfare status on child outcomes
Creators: name: Chacko, Anil
name: Marcus, Sue
name: Bowman, Melissa
name: Gopalan, Geetha
name: Small, Latoya
name: Jackson, Jerrold
name: Fuss, Ashley
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Children who remain at home with their permanent caregivers following a child welfare (CW) involvement (e.g., investigation, out-of-home placement) manifest high rates of behavioral difficulties, which is a risk factor for further maltreatment and out-of-home placement if not treated effectively. A recently tested Multiple Family Group (MFG) service delivery model to treat youth Disruptive Behavior Disorders (DBDs) has demonstrated effectiveness in improving child behavior difficulties among hard-to-engage, socioeconomically disadvantaged families by addressing parenting skills, parent-child relationships, family communication and organization, social support, and stress. This exploratory study examines whether child behavioral outcomes for MFG differ for families with self-reported lifetime involvement in CW services compared to other families, as families with CW involvement struggle with additional stressors that can diminish treatment success. Youth (aged 7–11) and their families were assigned to MFG or services as usual (SAU) using a block comparison design. Caregivers reported on child behavior, social skills, and functional impairment. Mixed effects regression modeled multilevel outcomes across 4 assessment points (i.e., baseline, mid-test, post-test, 6 month follow-up). Among CW-involved families, MFG participants reported significantly reduced child oppositional defiant disorder symptoms at 6-month follow-up compared with SAU participants. No other differences were found in the effect of MFG treatment between CW and non-CW involved families. Findings suggest that MFG may be as effective in reducing child behavior difficulties for both CW and non-CW involved families. As a short-term, engaging, and efficient intervention, MFG may be a particularly salient service offering for families involved in the CW system.
(210) Charles William H Valentine
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Reentry of elementary aged children following reunification from foster care
Creators: name: Fetrow, Becky
name: Green, Rebecca
name: Weigensberg, Elizabeth
name: Fisher, Philip
name: Barth, Richard
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: A recognized goal of family reunification programs is preventing the reentry of children into foster care. Using data from the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being, this study examined reentry for 273 children between the ages of 5 and 12 years. In multivariate models, reentry into foster care was associated with higher Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) scores and higher numbers of children in the household when the child is living at home. Although these are not the only risk factors that should be considered in deciding whether to reunify a child, these characteristics appear to be high valence problems for families and their children who are reunified. Future research on reentry and on placement disruptions from foster care should routinely include information about the number of children in the family and behavior problems when endeavoring to explain caseload dynamics.
Antibody response to streptococcal cell wall antigens associated with experimental arthritis in rats.
Creators: name: Schwab, J
name: Hunter, N
name: Greenblatt, J
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1980

description: The antibody response to group A streptococcal cell wall components was measured in rats during the development of chronic, remittent experimental arthritis. The arthritis was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of an aqueous suspension of group A streptococcal cell wall fragments and antibodies were measured by a radioactive antigen-binding assay. Antibodies in serum against both peptidoglycan and A polysaccharide reached maximum levels at 1 or 2 weeks and declined to preimmunization levels by day 63. The kinetics and magnitude of the antibody responses were similar in neonatally thymectomized and non-thymectomized rats. A relationship between chronic joint lesions and anti-peptidoglycan concentration in serum was indicated, since all rats which produced high levels of antibody developed severe chronic arthritis. However, 46% of the rats which produced very low levels of antibody also developed moderate to severe arthritis. There was no correlation between anti-A polysaccharide antibodies and joint disease, although the concentration of this antibody was 10- to 100-fold greater than the anti-peptidoglycan. We conclude that antibody can be a component in the pathogenesis of this experimental model of arthritis, but its role requires further elucidation.
Pure Lovelock Kasner metrics
Creators: name: Camanho, Xián O.
name: Dadhich, Naresh
name: Molina, Alfred
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 83-XX

description: We study pure Lovelock vacuum and perfect fluid equations for Kasner-type metrics. These equations correspond to a single $N$th order Lovelock term in the action in $d=2N+1,\,2N+2$ dimensions, and they capture the relevant gravitational dynamics when aproaching the big-bang singularity within the Lovelock family of theories. Pure Lovelock gravity also bears out the general feature that vacuum in the critical odd dimension, $d=2N+1$, is kinematic; i.e. we may define an analogue Lovelock-Riemann tensor that vanishes in vacuum for $d=2N+1$, yet the Riemann curvature is non-zero. We completely classify isotropic and vacuum Kasner metrics for this class of theories in several isotropy types. The different families can be characterized by means of certain higher order 4th rank tensors. We also analyze in detail the space of vacuum solutions for five and six dimensional pure Gauss-Bonnet theory. It possesses an interesting and illuminating geometric structure and symmetries that carry over to the general case. We also comment on a closely related family of exponential solutions and on the possibility of solutions with complex Kasner exponents. We show that the latter imply the existence of closed timelike curves in the geometry.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures
Re-envisioning the design of nanomedicines: harnessing automation and artificial intelligence
Creators: name: Zaslavsky, Jonathan
name: Bannigan, Pauric
name: Allen, Christine
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Interest in nanomedicines has surged in recent years due to the critical role they have played in the COVID-19 pandemic. Nanoformulations can turn promising therapeutic cargo into viable products through improvements in drug safety and efficacy profiles. However, the developmental pathway for such formulations is non-trivial and largely reliant on trial-and-error. Beyond the costly demands on time and resources, this traditional approach may stunt innovation. The emergence of automation, artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) tools, which are currently underutilized in pharmaceutical formulation development, offers a promising direction for an improved path in the design of nanomedicines. the potential of harnessing experimental automation and AI/ML to drive innovation in nanomedicine development. The discussion centers on the current challenges in drug formulation research and development, and the major advantages afforded through the application of data-driven methods. The development of integrated workflows based on automated experimentation and AI/ML may accelerate nanomedicine development. A crucial step in achieving this is the generation of high-quality, accessible datasets. Future efforts to make full use of these tools can ultimately contribute to the development of more innovative nanomedicines and improved clinical translation of formulations that rely on advanced drug delivery systems.
Driven active and passive nematics
Creators: name: Thampi, Sumesh P.
name: Golestanian, Ramin
name: Yeomans, Julia M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate similarities in the micro-structural dynamics between externally driven and actively driven nematics. Walls, lines of strong deformations in the director field, and topological defects are characteristic features of an active nematic. Similar structures form in driven passive nematics when there are inhomogeneities in imposed velocity gradients due to non-linear flow fields or geometrical constraints. Specifically, pressure driven flow of a tumbling passive nematic in an expanding-contracting channel produces walls and defects similar to those seen in active nematics. We also study the response of active nematics to external driving, confirming that imposed shear suppresses the hydrodynamic instabilities. We show that shear fields can lead to wall alignments and the localisation of active turbulence.
description: Molecular Physics
Cell-mediated immune response during experimental arthritis induced in rats with streptococcal cell walls.
Creators: name: Clark, R
name: Anderle, S
name: Dalldorf, F
name: Cromartie, W
name: Schwab, J
name: Hunter, N
name: Brown, R
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1980

description: Chronic, remittent, erosive arthritis was produced in rats by a single intraperitoneal injection of an aqueous suspension of cell wall fragments isolated from group A streptococci. Arthritis could be induced in rats which had been immunologically compromised by neonatal thymectomy. Delayed hypersensitivity to cell wall peptidoglycan could not be elicited in these rats, although progressive joint disease was obvious by clinical and radiological measurements. A delayed skin test was elicited with peptidoglycan in non-thymectomized rats at 6 to 14 days after injection of low doses of cell wall fragments. Between 2 to 4 weeks after cell wall injection the skin test could not be elicited and these rats could not be sensitized again with peptidoglycan. After a high dose of cell wall the skin test could not be elicited at any time. These non-thymectomized rats which had been injected with cell walls remained hyporesponsive to peptidoglycan for at least 3 months. Lymphocytes from non-thymectomized cell wall-injected rats also showed a non-specific depression of lymphocyte response to phytohaemagglutinin in vitro, but this function was recovered between 2 to 4 weeks after cell wall injection. We conclude that cell-mediated immunity against bacterial cell wall antigens is not a pathogenetic factor in this experimental model of arthritis.
The fastest unbound star in our Galaxy ejected by a thermonuclear supernova
Creators: name: Geier, S.
name: Fürst, F.
name: Ziegerer, E.
name: Kupfer, T.
name: Heber, U.
name: Irrgang, A.
name: Wang, B.
name: Liu, Z.
name: Han, Z.
name: Sesar, B.
name: Levitan, D.
name: Kotak, R.
name: Magnier, E.
name: Smith, K.
name: Burgett, W. S.
name: Chambers, K.
name: Flewelling, H.
name: Kaiser, N.
name: Wainscoat, R.
name: Waters, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hypervelocity stars (HVS) travel with velocities so high, that they exceed the escape velocity of the Galaxy. Several acceleration mechanisms have been discussed. Only one HVS (US 708, HVS 2) is a compact helium star. Here we present a spectroscopic and kinematic analysis of US\,708. Travelling with a velocity of $\sim1200\,{\rm km\,s^{-1}}$, it is the fastest unbound star in our Galaxy. In reconstructing its trajectory, the Galactic center becomes very unlikely as an origin, which is hardly consistent with the most favored ejection mechanism for the other HVS. Furthermore, we discovered US\,708 to be a fast rotator. According to our binary evolution model it was spun-up by tidal interaction in a close binary and is likely to be the ejected donor remnant of a thermonuclear supernova.
description: 16 pages report, 20 pages supplementary materials