cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Predicting risk of airflow obstruction in primary care: Validation of the lung function questionnaire (LFQ)
Creators: name: Rendas-Baum, Regina
name: Hanania, Nicola
name: Mannino, David
name: Jhingran, Priti
name: Dalal, Anand
name: Mapel, Douglas
name: Yawn, Barbara
name: Martinez, Fernando
name: Samuels, Steven
name: Donohue, James
name: Mintz, Matthew
name: Kosinski, Mark
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Summary: The Lung Function Questionnaire (LFQ) is being developed as a case finding tool to identify patients who are appropriate for spirometry testing to confirm the diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The cross-sectional study reported herein was conducted to validate the LFQ, to identify item-response scales associated with the best accuracy, and to determine the impact on accuracy of the addition of another item on activity limitations (AL). Patients ≥ 40 years old seen at 2 primary care offices completed the LFQ, a demographic questionnaire followed by spirometry. Of the 837 evaluable patients, 18.6% had airflow obstruction (forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity [FEV1/FVC] p 1/FVC 1/FVC 1
Regaining the FORS: optical ground-based transmission spectroscopy of the exoplanet WASP-19b with VLT+FORS2
Creators: name: Sedaghati, E.
name: Boffin, H. M. J.
name: Csizmadia, Sz.
name: Gibson, N.
name: Kabath, P.
name: Mallonn, M.
name: Ancker, M. E. Van den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the past few years, the study of exoplanets has evolved from being pure discovery, then being more exploratory in nature and finally becoming very quantitative. In particular, transmission spectroscopy now allows the study of exoplanetary atmospheres. Such studies rely heavily on space-based or large ground-based facilities, because one needs to perform time-resolved, high signal-to-noise spectroscopy. The very recent exchange of the prisms of the FORS2 atmospheric diffraction corrector on ESO's Very Large Telescope should allow us to reach higher data quality than was ever possible before. With FORS2, we have obtained the first optical ground-based transmission spectrum of WASP-19b, with 20 nm resolution in the 550--830 nm range. For this planet, the data set represents the highest resolution transmission spectrum obtained to date. We detect large deviations from planetary atmospheric models in the transmission spectrum redwards of 790 nm, indicating either additional sources of opacity not included in the current atmospheric models for WASP-19b or additional, unexplored sources of systematics. Nonetheless, this work shows the new potential of FORS2 for studying the atmospheres of exoplanets in greater detail than has been possible so far.
description: 7 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for publication in A&A
Inference of Ancestral Recombination Graphs through Topological Data Analysis
Creators: name: Camara, Pablo G.
name: Levine, Arnold J.
name: Rabadan, Raul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The recent explosion of genomic data has underscored the need for interpretable and comprehensive analyses that can capture complex phylogenetic relationships within and across species. Recombination, reassortment and horizontal gene transfer constitute examples of pervasive biological phenomena that cannot be captured by tree-like representations. Starting from hundreds of genomes, we are interested in the reconstruction of potential evolutionary histories leading to the observed data. Ancestral recombination graphs represent potential histories that explicitly accommodate recombination and mutation events across orthologous genomes. However, they are computationally costly to reconstruct, usually being infeasible for more than few tens of genomes. Recently, Topological Data Analysis (TDA) methods have been proposed as robust and scalable methods that can capture the genetic scale and frequency of recombination. We build upon previous TDA developments for detecting and quantifying recombination, and present a novel framework that can be applied to hundreds of genomes and can be interpreted in terms of minimal histories of mutation and recombination events, quantifying the scales and identifying the genomic locations of recombinations. We implement this framework in a software package, called TARGet, and apply it to several examples, including small migration between different populations, human recombination, and horizontal evolution in finches inhabiting the Galápagos Islands.
description: 33 pages, 12 figures. The accompanying software, instructions and example files used in the manuscript can be obtained from https://github.com/RabadanLab/TARGet
FUNDAMENTAL STUDIES ON THE MORPHOLOGY AND EFFECTS OF URANIUM CARBIDE PARTICLES DURING CASTING IN URANIUM AND U-10MO METAL
Creators: name: Athon, Matthew
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Isotopic Labeling
Nuclear Fuel
Thermomechanical Processing
U-10Mo Alloy
Uranium Carbides
Uranium Metal

description: There is a renewed interest in studying the fabrication of metallic nuclear fuel alloys for existing and new generation nuclear reactors. The United States High Performance Research Reactor conversion program seeks to reduce uranium isotopic enrichment of civilian research reactor fuel by substitution with a metallic form of high assay low enriched uranium (HALEU). The chosen fuel alloy is a monolithic metallic uranium alloyed with 10 weight percent molybdenum (U-10Mo). The fabrication of this fuel consists of a complex series of casting and thermomechanical processing steps that introduce impurities, such as carbon. The low solid solubility of carbon in uranium results in precipitation of secondary-phase uranium carbide (UC) particles that can impact the microstructure and fabrication of U-10Mo. To elucidate the formation, persistence, and impact of UCs in U-10Mo fabrication, a set of U-10Mo plates were cast with variable quantities of bulk carbon content. Stable 13C graphite was used to induce UC formation, and spatial isotopic mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS and atom probe tomography) was used to trace UC formation and migration in the matrix. Additionally, a U-10Mo thermomechanical process procedure including thermal homogenization, hot rolling, and cold rolling were performed to assess the microstructural evolution of U-10Mo as a function of UC content. Isotopic mass spectrometry displayed homogeneity of carbon isotopes across two different spatial scales. Quantitative image analysis of the U-10Mo grain size indicated that UCs influence the grain growth of thermomechanically-processed U-10Mo. Further, the thermomechanical processing impacted the size and morphology of UCs. In addition to U-10Mo alloy studies, the effect of cooling rate on UC inclusion morphology in unalloyed U metal was investigated. In general, UCs grew larger with slower cooling rates, and the two slowest cooling rates noticeably affected the mean inclusion circularity and ellipse aspect ratio. These results indicate that UC size and morphology is sensitive to thermomechanical processing and demonstrates that their presence and physical features could be controlled in the production of metallic nuclear fuels. Results of these studies will help optimize the U-10Mo fabrication process and improve fundamental knowledge of UC formation and persistence during melting and casting.
Analysis of the hidden-charm-hidden-strange tetraquark mass spectrum via the QCD sum rules
Creators: name: Wang, Zhi-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present work, we construct the diquark-antidiquark type four-quark currents to investigate the mass spectrum of the ground state hidden-charm-hidden-strange tetraquark states with the quantum numbers $J^{PC}=0^{++}$, $1^{+-}$, $1^{++}$ and $2^{++}$ via the traditional QCD sum rules in a comprehensive way. We update old calculations, perform new calculations and analysis in a rigorous way, and take account of the net light-flavor $SU(3)$ breaking effects in a consistent way. And we make more reasonable identifications for the $X(3960)$, $X(4140)$, $X(4274)$, $X(4500)$, $X(4685)$ and $X(4700)$ and supersede some old identifications. Furthermore, we consider our previous theoretical predictions, and make reasonable/suitable identifications of the new LHCb states $h_c(4000)$ and $χ_{c1}(4010)$.
description: 21 pages, 1 figure
Implementing a System for the Computation of Syntax Splittings for Total Preorders and for Conditional Knowledge Bases
Creators: name: Bräuer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: syntax splitting
epistemic states
conditioinal knowledge bases
total preorders
ordinal conditional functions
propositional logic
relevance
knowledge representation and reasoning
subset-sum

description: In the context of knowledge representation and reasoning, the consideration of relevance plays a major role. The concept of syntax splitting has received an increasing amount of attention in recent years and has been investigated together with other contemporary methods. Originally formulated with respect to belief revision of belief sets, in 2017 Kern-Isberner and Brewka introduced the notion of
 syntax splitting for total preorders, and in 2020 KernIsberner et al. provided a basic notion of syntax splitting of conditional knowledge bases within the setting of non-monotonic reasoning. The work presented in this thesis extends the Java library InfOCF-Lib by the possibility to read and represent total preorders and to compute syntax splittings of epistemic states represented by total preorders as well as the unique finest syntax splitting of conditional knowledge bases in an automated way. For this purpose, the concept of splittability is introduced, which enables the calculation of syntax splittings for total preorders to be modelled and solved as a modified subset-sum problem. Moreover, with Makinson’s notion of epistemic relevance, it is possible to calculate syntax splittings for conditional knowledge bases by considering the conditionals as epistemic knowledge that must not be split. This connection can be recognised and calculated by the transitive closure of the atoms in the conditionals. Based on these concepts, suitable algorithms are developed, implemented in InfOCF-Lib, and then evaluated whether concurrent processing brings a runtime advantage. To calculate syntax splittings for ranking functions, a basic approach is provided to model and solve this as a subset-sum problem as well.
Creating a Strategy for Publishing in Journals
Creators: name: Lambe, Lucy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Journal Publishing

description: This presentation is from the CIVICA Research Open Science for the Social Sciences workshop on Creating a Strategy for Publishing in Journals. The workshop introduced participants to the journal publishing process and landscape. Participants considered their motivations for publishing, learn how to choose and evaluate journals for their research and develop a publishing strategy for their next articles.
title: Stethoscapes: Listening to Hearts in a London Hospital
Creators: name: Rice, Tom
Publisher: name: Goldsmiths, University of London
Year: 2006

description: This thesis is about the stethoscope, and its use in the production and reproduction of bodies. It incorporates two ethnographic strands, sited at each end of the stethoscope. Firstly, the thesis engages with medical students as they begin to learn a new kind of listening. The thesis explores the shaping of the senses which medical training brings about, and positions 'auscultation' as productive of a particular kind of (acoustically) perceiving body. The emphasis placed on auscultation in medical training is seen to reflect the historical importance of auditory knowledge in the medical imagination of the anatomical body and in the mapping of its interior. At the same time, students adopt the postures of doctors in this training and so the stethoscope's importance in the generation of the medical 'habitus' is also highlighted. The instrument is seen to be important in producing and reproducing the respective roles of doctors and patients. The dissertation explores a second major ethnographic strand through examining contexts in which doctors, medical students and, particularly, patients begin to relate to their own interiority through sound. They apprehend the acoustic dimensions, not of abstract or conceptually distant bodies, but of their own immediate, lived and experienced bodies in unexpected and sometimes disturbing ways. The imagination of the body, then, in both formal and more immediately experiential terms, takes on an acoustic dimension within the context of the hospital and the diagnostic procedures encountered there. The thesis argues that the concept of 'acoustemology' may offer a new way of thinking about 'the body', reflecting the importance of sound in the manner in which it is lived, imagined and known.
A randomized, double-blind dose-ranging study of the novel LAMA GSK573719 in patients with COPD
Creators: name: Anzueto, Antonio
name: Kalberg, Christopher
name: Donohue, James
name: Crater, Glenn
name: Brooks, Jean
name: Mehta, Rashmi
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: BACKGROUND: This study evaluated the dose-response and dosing interval of the novel long-acting muscarinic receptor antagonist (LAMA) GSK573719 in patients with COPD. METHODS: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 3-way cross-over, incomplete block study evaluated 5 once-daily doses of GSK573719 (62.5-1000 μg), 3 twice-daily doses (62.5-250 μg), and open-label tiotropium for 14 days in patients (N = 176) with COPD (FEV(1) of 35-70% predicted). The primary endpoint was morning trough FEV(1) at Day 15. Secondary endpoints included 0-24 h weighted mean FEV(1) and serial FEV(1) values over 28 h. Safety measures and pharmacokinetics were assessed. RESULTS: All once-daily doses of GSK573719 significantly increased trough FEV(1) at Day 15 with improvements ranging from 95 to 186 mL over placebo (p ≤ 0.006), from 79 to 172 mL with twice-daily dosing (p ≤ 0.03), and 105 mL with tiotropium (p = 0.003). No clear dose ordering was observed. Once-daily doses significantly (p < 0.001) increased 0-24 h weighted mean FEV(1) at Day 14 by 131-143 mL over placebo, comparable to increases with the twice-daily doses (120-142 mL) and tiotropium (127 mL). Significant reductions in rescue albuterol use and improvements in FVC were also observed with once-daily dosing. Plasma C(max) occurred within 5-15 min of dosing after which the drug was rapidly cleared and eliminated. GSK573719 was well tolerated, with no apparent treatment-related changes in vital signs, ECG and Holter assessments, or clinical laboratory parameters. CONCLUSION: Once-daily dosing with GSK573719 in COPD provides clinically significant and sustained improvement in lung function over 24 h with similar efficacy to twice-daily dosing.
Concrete resource analysis of the quantum linear system algorithm used to compute the electromagnetic scattering cross section of a 2D target
Creators: name: Scherer, Artur
name: Valiron, Benoît
name: Mau, Siun-Chuon
name: Alexander, Scott
name: Berg, Eric van den
name: Chapuran, Thomas E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a detailed estimate for the logical resource requirements of the quantum linear system algorithm (QLSA) [Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 150502 (2009)] including the recently described elaborations [Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 250504 (2013)]. Our resource estimates are based on the standard quantum-circuit model of quantum computation; they comprise circuit width, circuit depth, the number of qubits and ancilla qubits employed, and the overall number of elementary quantum gate operations as well as more specific gate counts for each elementary fault-tolerant gate from the standard set {X, Y, Z, H, S, T, CNOT}. To perform these estimates, we used an approach that combines manual analysis with automated estimates generated via the Quipper quantum programming language and compiler. Our estimates pertain to the example problem size N=332,020,680 beyond which, according to a crude big-O complexity comparison, QLSA is expected to run faster than the best known classical linear-system solving algorithm. For this problem size, a desired calculation accuracy 0.01 requires an approximate circuit width 340 and circuit depth of order $10^{25}$ if oracle costs are excluded, and a circuit width and depth of order $10^8$ and $10^{29}$, respectively, if oracle costs are included, indicating that the commonly ignored oracle resources are considerable. In addition to providing detailed logical resource estimates, it is also the purpose of this paper to demonstrate explicitly how these impressively large numbers arise with an actual circuit implementation of a quantum algorithm. While our estimates may prove to be conservative as more efficient advanced quantum-computation techniques are developed, they nevertheless provide a valid baseline for research targeting a reduction of the resource requirements, implying that a reduction by many orders of magnitude is necessary for the algorithm to become practical.
description: 37 pages, 40 figures
Generalization of the fractional Poisson distribution
Creators: name: Herrmann, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 26A33

description: A generalization of the Poisson distribution based on the generalized Mittag-Leffler function $E_{α, β}(λ)$ is proposed and the raw moments are calculated algebraically in terms of Bell polynomials. It is demonstrated, that the proposed distribution function contains the standard fractional Poisson distribution as a subset. A possible interpretation of the additional parameter $β$ is suggested.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
Personnes déplacées et connectivites dans la province du Sud-Kivu
Creators: name: Jacobs, Carolien
name: Etzold, Benjamin
name: Lubala Kubiha, Stanislas
name: Katembera, Rachel Sifa
name: Assumani, Innocent
name: Kyamusugulwa, Patrick Milabyo
name: Ruhamya Mugenzi, Joachim
name: Wand'Arhasima, Lucien
name: Muhaya Ntamusimwa, Valéry
name: Bubala Wilondja, Isaac
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: protracted displacement
DRC
connectivity
mobility
legal framework
policy
refugees
IDPs
resilience
networks
integration
livelihood
host communities
economy
informality

description: L'Institut Supérieur de Développement Rural de Bukavu (ISDR-Bukavu) en RD Congo a publié un numéro spécial sur les déplacements prolongés dans la région du Sud-Kivu au Congo et les connexions des réseaux de personnes déplacées dans sa revue 'Cahiers du CERPRU'. Le numéro spécial 'Personnes déplacées et connectivités dans la province du Sud-Kivu' (PDF complet en français) consiste en une collection d'articles rédigés par les chercheurs de l'équipe TRAFIG au Congo, et qui suivent les cinq thèmes principaux de TRAFIG. Leurs conclusions sont enrichies par quatre histoires de vie de personnes déplacées. Le numéro spécial est également complété par deux articles rédigés par des chercheurs congolais travaillant sur des sujets connexes. Les articles sont basés sur des recherches menées à Bukavu et dans ses environs, une ville de plus d'un million d'habitants située dans l'est de la République démocratique du Congo. Depuis plus de deux décennies, cette région est touchée par l'instabilité et l'insécurité, ce qui entraîne des déplacements à grande échelle et à long terme. The Rural Development Institute in Bukavu (Institut Supérieur de Développement Rural de Bukavu, ISDR-Bukavu) in the DR Congo has published a special issue on protracted displacement in Congo’s South Kivu region and Internally Displaced Persons’ network connections in its journal ‘Cahiers du CERPRU’. The special issue Personnes déplacées et connectivites dans la province du Sud-Kivu consists of a collection of papers that are written by the researchers of TRAFIG’s Congo team, and which follow TRAFIG’s five main themes. Their findings are enriched by four life histories of displaced persons. The special issue is further complemented with two articles by Congolese researchers working on related topics. The papers are based on research that was carried out in and around Bukavu, a city of more than 1 million inhabitants in the east of the Democratic Republic of Congo. For more than two decades, this region has been affected by instability and insecurity, leading to large-scale and long-term displacements.
description: Cahier Special CERPRU (Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches pour la Promotion Rurale)
Improving site-dependent power curve prediction accuracy using regression trees
Creators: name: Barber, Sarah
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: wind energy
machine learning
power prediction

description: The accurate prediction of the power production of a wind turbine at a particular site is important in both the planning and operation phases; however, the standard power curve binning method is not specific to the atmospheric conditions at the site. In this work, the application of machine learning for improving the accuracy of site-specific power predictions by taking into account turbulence intensity and shear is investigated, by creating a set of 8,000 ten-minute long aero-servo-elastic simulations of the NREL 5MW reference wind turbine at a random combination of hub-height wind speeds, turbulence intensities and shear factors using cloud computing with the software ASHES. A regression tree with maximum depth of eight and optimised with Adaptive Boosting is trained using a random selection of half of the data. For a set of 50 random test cases, the Root Mean Square Error of the predicted power compared to the simulated power is found to be three times smaller than for the standard power curve method of binning. OEMs could use this method to train a model for the dependency of power production on wind speed, turbulence intensity and shear in the certification phase of a given wind turbine type, which could then be applied by the wind farm planner or operator at any given site for which measurements of the atmospheric conditions are available. Similar success is observed for out-of-plane tip deflections. This result is highly dependent on the quality and distribution of the input data, and therefore this work is being used as a basis for the analysis of real measurement data, as well as for comparisons to other methods such as Artificial Neural Networks.
Rewrite, rewrite, rewrite, rewrite, rewrite, …
Creators: name: Kaplan, Stéphane
name: Dershowitz, Nachum
name: Plaisted, David
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1991

description: We study properties of rewrite systems that are not necessarily terminating, but allow instead for transfinite derivations that have a limit. In particular, we give conditions for the existence of a limit and for its uniqueness and relate the operational and algebraic semantics of infinitary theories. We also consider sufficient completeness of hierarchical systems.
Characterization of Low Dimensional $RCD^*(K,N)$ spaces
Creators: name: Kitabeppu, Yu
name: Lakzian, Sajjad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C21, 51Fxx

description: In this paper, we give the characterization of metric measure spaces that satisfy synthetic lower Riemannian Ricci curvature bounds (so called $RCD^*(K,N)$ spaces) with \emph{non-empty} one dimensional regular sets. In particular, we prove that the class of Ricci limit spaces with $Ric \ge K$ and Hausdorff dimension $N$ and the class of $RCD^*(K,N)$ spaces coincide for $N < 2$ (They can be either complete intervals or circles). We will also prove a Bishop-Gromov type inequality ( that is ,roughly speaking, a converse to the Lévy-Gromov's isoperimetric inequality and was previously only known for Ricci limit spaces) which might be also of independent interest.
description: version 3: 37 pp, to appear in AGMS
Fixing the dynamical evolution of self-interacting vector fields
Creators: name: Rubio, Marcelo E.
name: Lara, Guillermo
name: Bezares, Miguel
name: Crisostomi, Marco
name: Barausse, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerical simulations of the Cauchy problem for self-interacting massive vector fields often face instabilities and apparent pathologies. We explicitly demonstrate that these issues, previously reported in the literature, are actually due to the breakdown of the well-posedness of the initial-value problem. This is akin to shortcomings observed in scalar-tensor theories when derivative self-interactions are included. Building on previous work done for k-essence, we characterize the well-posedness breakdowns, differentiating between Tricomi and Keldysh-like behaviors. We show that these issues can be avoided by ``fixing the equations'', enabling stable numerical evolutions in spherical symmetry. Additionally, we show that for a class of vector self-interactions, no Tricomi-type breakdown takes place. Finally, we investigate initial configurations for the massive vector field which lead to gravitational collapse and the formation of black holes.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures, refs added, matches PRD version
Signal-correction errors in the EasyOne Pro LAB multiple-breath washout device significantly impact outcomes in children and adults
Creators: name: Oestreich, Marc-Alexander
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medical biotechnology diagnostics (incl. biosensors)

description: Online Supplement to the original research manuscript: "Signal-correction errors in the EasyOne Pro LAB multiple-breath washout device significantly impact outcomes in children and adults"
Joint Load and Capacity Scheduling for Flexible Radio Resource Management of High-Throughput Satellites
Creators: name: Zhuoya, Jia
name: Wei, Xiong
name: Hongxing, Hao
name: Zheng, Liu
name: Chi, Han
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This work first explores using flexible beam-user mapping to optimize the beam service range and beam position, in order to adapt the non-uniform traffic demand to offer in high-throughput satellite (HTS) systems. Second, on this basis, the joint flexible bandwidth allocation is adopted to adapt the offer to demand at the same time. This strategy allows both beam capacity and load to be adjusted to cope with the traffic demand. The new information generated during the load transfer process of flexible beam-user mapping can guide the direction of beam optimization. Then, the proposed strategies are tested against joint power-bandwidth allocation and joint optimization of bandwidth and beam-user mapping under different traffic profiles. Numerical results are obtained for various non-uniform traffic distributions to evaluate the performance of the solutions. Results show that flexible joint load and capacity scheduling are superior to other strategies in terms of demand satisfaction with acceptable complexity. Our source code along with results are available at crystal-zwz/HTS_RRM_Joint-Load-and-Capacity-Scheduling (github.com).
Swept regions and surfaces: Modeling and volumetric properties
Creators: name: Damon, James
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: We consider “swept regions”  and “swept hypersurfaces”  in  (and especially ) which are a disjoint union of subspaces  or  obtained from a varying family of affine subspaces . We concentrate on the case where  and  are obtained from a skeletal structure . This generalizes the Blum medial axis  of a region , which consists of the centers of interior spheres tangent to the boundary  at two or more points, with  denoting the vectors from the centers of the spheres to the points of tangency. We extend methods developed for skeletal structures so that they can be deduced from the properties of the individual intersections  or  and a relative shape operator , which we introduce to capture changes relative to the varying family .

We use these results to deduce modeling properties of the global  in terms of the individual , and determine volumetric properties of regions  expressed as global integrals of functions  on  in terms of iterated integrals over the skeletal structure of  which is then integrated over the parameter space .
Constructing the new rurality - challenges and opportunities (of a recent shift?) for Swedish rural policies
Creators: name: Rytkönen, Paulina
name: Rytkönen, Paulina
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: International Development
subject: New rurality
subject: Rural development policies
subject: Rural governance
subject: Regional development
subject: Sweden

description: This article highlights the outcomes of the implementation of the New Culinary Country program implemented in to facilitate and speed up the emergence of the new rurality in Sweden. Based on results from focus groups and one group interview conducted in eight landscapes/counties during 2013 and a state initiated evaluation of the NCCP, the study answers the following questions: What does the NCCP mean in terms of governance? How is power distributed and if possible, which are the consequences of this new governance regime? Which are the main challenges and opportunities of and for the NCCP? The results show that the NCCP has led to a higher degree of regional coordination of actions and resources at regional level. Cooperation and coordination in turn have proved to be the main factors behind the most successful experiences.
No variations in transit times for Qatar-1 b
Creators: name: Maciejewski, G.
name: Fernández, M.
name: Aceituno, F. J.
name: Ohlert, J.
name: Puchalski, D.
name: Dimitrov, D.
name: Seeliger, M.
name: Kitze, M.
name: Raetz, St.
name: Errman, R.
name: Gilbert, H.
name: Pannicke, A.
name: Schmidt, J. -G.
name: Neuhäuser, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transiting hot Jupiter planet Qatar-1 b was presented to exhibit variations in transit times that could be of perturbative nature. A hot Jupiter with a planetary companion on a nearby orbit would constitute an unprecedented planetary configuration, important for theories of formation and evolution of planetary systems. We performed a photometric follow-up campaign to confirm or refute transit timing variations. We extend the baseline of transit observations by acquiring 18 new transit light curves acquired with 0.6-2.0 m telescopes. These photometric time series, together with data available in the literature, were analyzed in a homogenous way to derive reliable transit parameters and their uncertainties. We show that the dataset of transit times is consistent with a linear ephemeris leaving no hint for any periodic variations with a range of 1 min. We find no compelling evidence for the existence of a close-in planetary companion to Qatar-1 b. This finding is in line with a paradigm that hot Jupiters are not components of compact multi-planetary systems. Based on dynamical simulations, we place tighter constraints on a mass of any fictitious nearby planet in the system. Furthermore, new transit light curves allowed us to redetermine system parameters with the precision better than that reported in previous studies. Our values generally agree with previous determinations.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Exactly-solved model of light-scattering errors in quantum simulations with metastable trapped-ion qubits
Creators: name: Lotshaw, Phillip C.
name: Sawyer, Brian C.
name: Herold, Creston D.
name: Buchs, Gilles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analytically solve a model for light scattering in Ising dynamics of metastable atomic qubits, generalizing the approach of Foss-Feig {\it et al.}~[Phys.~Rev.~A {\bf 87}, 042101 (2013)] to include leakage outside the qubit manifold. We analyze the influence of these fundamental errors in simulations of proposed experiments with metastable levels of $^{40}$Ca$^+$ ions. We find that ``effective magnetic fields" generated by leaked qubits have significant impacts on spin-spin correlation functions for Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state preparation or for quantum simulations with strong coupling, while spin squeezing uses a much weaker coupling and is largely insensitive to the simulated leakage errors, even with a few hundred ions. Our theory and results are expected to be useful in modeling a variety of metastable qubit experiments in the future.
description: 6+23 pages, 4+5 figures. v2 includes minor revisions
title: Revolutionary Intoxications: Theory of the Avant-garde in the Aesthetics of Nietzsche and Benjamin
Creators: name: Harris, Mark
Publisher: name: Goldsmiths, University of London
Year: 2006

description: This thesis considers the relation between concepts of intoxication and of the avant-garde in some nineteenth and twentieth-century aesthetics. It argues that intoxication serves as a formulation of revolt alternative to those strategies of the avant-garde which result in increasingly rigidified cycles of antagonism and recuperation and the failure to effect social or institutional change. The ultimate interdependency of avant-garde and establishment makes it necessary to formulate alternative assessments of the way in which cultural agency may operate. The argument takes the origin of the artistic avant-garde in the 1830s as intensifying opposition to bourgeois political conservatism insofar as it considers social progress as determined by scientific rationalism and manifested by the proliferation of commodities. Coinciding with the first socialist appeals to an artistic avant-garde, the claim of art's diminishing significance made by G.W.E Hegel in his Aesthetics is here held to be the symptom of a crisis in a sense of purpose that leads artists and writers towards new formulations of relevance along political lines. The extremes of aesthetic detachment and militant ecstasy in Charles Baudelaire's poetry and the acclamation of differing concepts of intoxication in Friedrich Nietzsche's aesthetics redefine this purpose as subversive thought intended to conclusively uproot delusory humanist prejudices which are stalling radical change in the nineteenth century. Walter Benjamin's writing on Baudelaire, hashish, Surrealism, and the conditions for culture in the Soviet Union are pivotal in this thesis for discussing intoxication as it functions in cultural revolt, historically considered indispensable for the success of organised revolution. It is argued here that an alternative approach to assessing revolt lies in the subversiveness of ecstatic language and thought whose delicacy and indeterminacy persistently open up possibilities that conventional formulations of progress or revolution occlude.
G-PCGRL: Procedural Graph Data Generation via Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Rupp, Florian
name: Eckert, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Graph data structures offer a versatile and powerful means to model relationships and interconnections in various domains, promising substantial advantages in data representation, analysis, and visualization. In games, graph-based data structures are omnipresent and represent, for example, game economies, skill trees or complex, branching quest lines. With this paper, we propose G-PCGRL, a novel and controllable method for the procedural generation of graph data using reinforcement learning. Therefore, we frame this problem as manipulating a graph's adjacency matrix to fulfill a given set of constraints. Our method adapts and extends the Procedural Content Generation via Reinforcement Learning (PCGRL) framework and introduces new representations to frame the problem of graph data generation as a Markov decision process. We compare the performance of our method with the original PCGRL, the run time with a random search and evolutionary algorithm, and evaluate G-PCGRL on two graph data domains in games: game economies and skill trees. The results show that our method is capable of generating graph-based content quickly and reliably to support and inspire designers in the game creation process. In addition, trained models are controllable in terms of the type and number of nodes to be generated.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables. Accepted at the IEEE Conference on Games (IEEE CoG) 2024
The Boreal Institute for Northern Studies Library:  an information centre on the north
Creators: Cooke, Geraldine A. (Nita)
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 1974

This article describes the 13 year history and functions of the Library at the Boreal Institute for Northern Studies at the University of  Alberta.  Mrs. Cooke had been the librarian since the library was established.  The Boreal Institute Library was one of the North American anchors in the development of the Polar Libraries Colloquy.  This article is archived with the permission of Jessica Knoch, President, Library Association of Alberta, 2022.
Tiling problems, automata, and tiling graphs
Creators: name: Benedetto, Katherine
name: Loehr, Nicholas
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: This paper continues the investigation of tiling problems via formal languages, which was begun in papers by Merlini, Sprugnoli, and Verri. Those authors showed that certain tiling problems could be encoded by regular languages, which lead automatically to generating functions and other combinatorial information on tilings. We introduce a method of simplifying the DFA's recognizing these language, which leads to bijective proofs of certain tiling identities. We apply these ideas to some other tiling problems, including three-dimensional tilings and tilings with triangles and rhombi. We also study graph-theoretic variations of these tiling problems.
Reconstructing polygons from scanner data
Creators: name: Snoeyink, Jack
name: Durocher, Stephane
name: Biedl, Therese
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: A range-finding scanner can collect information about the shape of an (unknown) polygonal room in which it is placed. Suppose that a set of scanners returns not only a set of points, but also additional information, such as the normal to the plane when a scan beam detects a wall. We consider the problem of reconstructing the floor plan of a room from different types of scan data. In particular, we present algorithmic and hardness results for reconstructing two-dimensional polygons from point-wall pairs, point-normal pairs, and visibility polygons. The polygons may have restrictions on topology (e.g., to be simply connected) or geometry (e.g., to be orthogonal). We show that this reconstruction problem is NP-hard under most models, but that some restrictive assumptions do allow polynomial-time reconstruction algorithms.
A Study on Numerical Analysis and Optimization: Applications in Machine Learning
Creators: name: Tisha, Zakia Khanom
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Mathematical Modelling
subject: Numerical Analysis

description: In computational mathematics, Numerical Analysis is an essential part to solve any numerical problem effectively when the problems are completely different from manual problem solving as computers need an effective approximation of an infinite number of solutions or data. As machine learning algorithms depend on the automation ability to apply complex mathematical calculations to big data faster than ever, numerical methods are a must to solve and approximate this kind of problem. This report is an overview of Numerical analysis and Optimization, the Methods of solving to achieve an effective result and application of numerical analysis in Machine learning problems. In a Data-driven Model or simply a machine learning problem where the analytic method may not exist, or the analytic method is quite time consuming whether for huge data or due to complex functions involved, numerical methods are crucial. In this report, there will be an insight of both numerical analysis and machine learning problems.
Image Segmentation Using Hierarchical Merge Tree
Creators: name: Liu, Ting
name: Seyedhosseini, Mojtaba
name: Tasdizen, Tolga
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper investigates one of the most fundamental computer vision problems: image segmentation. We propose a supervised hierarchical approach to object-independent image segmentation. Starting with over-segmenting superpixels, we use a tree structure to represent the hierarchy of region merging, by which we reduce the problem of segmenting image regions to finding a set of label assignment to tree nodes. We formulate the tree structure as a constrained conditional model to associate region merging with likelihoods predicted using an ensemble boundary classifier. Final segmentations can then be inferred by finding globally optimal solutions to the model efficiently. We also present an iterative training and testing algorithm that generates various tree structures and combines them to emphasize accurate boundaries by segmentation accumulation. Experiment results and comparisons with other very recent methods on six public data sets demonstrate that our approach achieves the state-of-the-art region accuracy and is very competitive in image segmentation without semantic priors.
s- and d-wave superconductivity in a two-band model
Creators: name: Reyes, Daniel
name: Continentino, Mucio A.
name: Thomas, Christopher
name: Lacroix, Claudine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconductivity in strongly correlated systems is a remarkable phenomenon that attracts a huge interest. The study of this problem is relevant for materials as the high Tc oxides, pnictides and heavy fermions. In this work we study a realistic model that includes the relevant physics of superconductivity in the presence of strong Coulomb correlations. We consider a two-band model, since most of these correlated systems have electrons from at least two different atomic orbitals coexisting at their Fermi surface. The Coulomb repulsion is taken into account through a local repulsive interaction. Pairing is considered among quasi- particles in neighbouring sites and we allow for different symmetries of the order parameter. In order to deal with the strong local correlations, we use the well known slave boson approach that has proved very successful for this problem. Here we are interested in obtaining the zero temperature properties of the model, specifically its phase diagram and the existence and nature of superconducting quantum critical points. We show that these can arise by increasing the mixing between the two bands. Since this can be controlled by external pressure or doping, our results have a direct relation with experiments. We show that the superconductor-to-normal transition can be either to a metal, a correlated metal or to an insulator. Also we compare the relative stability of s and d-wave paired states for different regions of parameter space and investigate the BCS- BEC crossover in the two-band lattice model as function of the strength of the pairing interaction.
description: 21 pages, 14 figures
The Interactional Effects of Pretraining and Signaling on Student Learning
Creators: name: Aina, Samuel
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Cognitive load
Motivation
Multimedia learning
Pretraining
Signaling

description: In multimedia learning, the efficacy of instructional strategies such as pretraining and signaling in scientific explanation remains a pivotal area of inquiry. Utilizing a 2 x 3 factorial design, this study investigated the complex interactions between pretraining and signaling and their subsequent effects on several learning outcomes. Independent variables were classified into two levels of pretraining: 'no pretraining' and 'pretraining', and three levels of signaling type: 'no signaling', 'weak signaling', and 'strong signaling', with participants (n = 193) randomly assigned to one of six conditions. The dependent variables were multiple-choice scores, retention scores, open-ended response scores, cognitive load, and motivation. Results from the univariate test highlighted a significant influence of pretraining on retention scores. However, other dependent measures failed to show significant associations with the independent variables. Descriptive analysis further revealed the nuances in these interactions, underscoring the multifaceted impact of pretraining and signaling in multimedia learning. Theoretical, empirical, and practical implications of the findings are examined, and directions for future research are discussed.
It might be balanced, but is it actually good? An Empirical Evaluation of Game Level Balancing
Creators: name: Rupp, Florian
name: Puddu, Alessandro
name: Becker-Asano, Christian
name: Eckert, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Achieving optimal balance in games is essential to their success, yet reliant on extensive manual work and playtesting. To facilitate this process, the Procedural Content Generation via Reinforcement Learning (PCGRL) framework has recently been effectively used to improve the balance of existing game levels. This approach, however, only assesses balance heuristically, neglecting actual human perception. For this reason, this work presents a survey to empirically evaluate the created content paired with human playtesting. Participants in four different scenarios are asked about their perception of changes made to the level both before and after balancing, and vice versa. Based on descriptive and statistical analysis, our findings indicate that the PCGRL-based balancing positively influences players' perceived balance for most scenarios, albeit with differences in aspects of the balancing between scenarios.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, 1 table. Accepted at the IEEE Conference on Games (IEEE CoG) 2024