cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Loss of locality in gravitational correlators with a large number of insertions
Creators: name: Ghosh, Sudip
name: Raju, Suvrat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review lessons from the AdS/CFT correspondence that indicate that the emergence of locality in quantum gravity is contingent on considering observables with a small number of insertions. Correlation functions where the number of insertions scales with a power of the central charge of the CFT are sensitive to nonlocal effects in the bulk theory, which arise from a combination of the effects of the bulk Gauss law and a breakdown of perturbation theory. To examine whether a similar effect occurs in flat space, we consider the scattering of massless particles in the bosonic string and the superstring in the limit where the number of external particles, n, becomes very large. We use estimates of the volume of the Weil-Petersson moduli space of punctured Riemann surfaces to argue that string amplitudes grow factorially in this limit. We verify this factorial behaviour through an extensive numerical analysis of string amplitudes at large n. Our numerical calculations rely on the observation that, in the large n limit, the string scattering amplitude localizes on the Gross-Mende saddle points, even though individual particle energies are small. This factorial growth implies the breakdown of string perturbation theory for $n \sim (M_{pl}/E)^{d-2}$ in d dimensions where E is the typical individual particle energy. We explore the implications of this breakdown for the black hole information paradox. We show that the loss of locality suggested by this breakdown is precisely sufficient to resolve the cloning and strong subadditivity paradoxes.
description: (v1) 63 pages (v2) 65 pages; typos fixed; refs added; section 4 improved
Assessing numerical methods for molecular and particle simulation
Creators: name: Shang, Xiaocheng
name: Kröger, Martin
name: Leimkuhler, Benedict
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the design of state-of-the-art numerical methods for molecular dynamics, focusing on the demands of soft matter simulation, where the purposes include sampling and dynamics calculations both in and out of equilibrium. We discuss the characteristics of different algorithms, including their essential conservation properties, the convergence of averages, and the accuracy of numerical discretizations. Formulations of the equations of motion which are suited to both equilibrium and nonequilibrium simulation include Langevin dynamics, dissipative particle dynamics (DPD), and the more recently proposed "pairwise adaptive Langevin" (PAdL) method, which, like DPD but unlike Langevin dynamics, conserves momentum and better matches the relaxation rate of orientational degrees of freedom. PAdL is easy to code and suitable for a variety of problems in nonequilibrium soft matter modeling, our simulations of polymer melts indicate that this method can also provide dramatic improvements in computational efficiency. Moreover we show that PAdL gives excellent control of the relaxation rate to equilibrium. In the nonequilibrium setting, we further demonstrate that while PAdL allows the recovery of accurate shear viscosities at higher shear rates than are possible using the DPD method at identical timestep, it also outperforms Langevin dynamics in terms of stability and accuracy at higher shear rates.
Work-Based Learning: Bridging the Gap Between Learning and Doing?
Creators: name: Sentry, Siobhan
Publisher: name: Student Teacher Educational Research (STER)
Year: 2019
Subjects: Experiential Learning
Adult Education

description: Siobhan Sentry, graduate of the Master of Education at Mary Immaculate College, writes about her dissertation research 'Work-Based Learning: Bridging the Gap Between Learning and Doing? in volume 2 of the STER eJournal, 2019
title: Φιλοσοφίες της ελευθερίας
title: Από τον Μαρξ και τον κλασικό φιλελευθερισμό ως τον Καστοριάδη, τον Foucault και τη δημοκρατία των κοινών
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Kioupkiolis, Alexandros
Publisher: name: Kallipos, Open Academic Editions
Year: 2016
Subjects: ΣΥΧΓΡΟΝΗ ΠΟΛΙΤΙΚΗ ΘΕΩΡΙΑ
Contemporary Political Theory

description: Θέμα του προτεινόμενου συγγράμματος είναι αρχικώς και κυρίως η μελέτη διαφορετικών προσεγγίσεων στην έννοια της ελευθερίας στη νεότερη και σύγχρονη πολιτική σκέψη, και ειδικότερα στα έργα των Κ. Μαρξ, Ι. Καντ, Α. Μπερλίν, Τζ. Στ.Μιλλ, Κ.Καστοριάδη, Μ. Φουκώ κ.α., και εν συνεχεία η σύνδεση μιας ερμηνείας της ελευθερίας με τη σύγχρονη συζήτηση γύρω από τα «κοινά» και τη δημοκρατία.

Στα πρώτα κεφάλαια θα εξετάζονται δύο κρίσιμες ερμηνείες της ελευθερίας στο έργο του Μαρξ και του Καντ και θα δειχθεί πώς η απόδοση πάγιων χαρακτηριστικών στα ελεύθερα πρόσωπα περιορίζει το εύρος της ελεύθερης επιλογής. Έπειτα θα διερευνηθούν δύο παραδοσιακές εναλλακτικές προτάσεις, η αρνητική ελευθερία και η πειραματική ελευθερία του Τζ. Στ. Μιλλ και θα καταδειχθούν οι ανεπάρκειές τους. Η μελέτη μιας γόνιμης θεώρησης της ελευθερίας στη σύγχρονη σκέψη θα επιχειρηθεί με άξονα το σχετικό έργο του Κ. Καστοριάδη και του Μ. Φουκώ, δευτερευόντως. Η σύγχρονη έννοια της «αγωνιστικής ελευθερίας» εντοπίζεται σε ένα ευρύ φάσμα της πολιτικής σκέψης των τελευταίων δεκαετιών, από τις θεωρίες της αγωνιστικής δημοκρατίας ως τον φιλελεύθερο πλουραλισμό και τα σύγχρονα κινήματα για την παγκόσμια δικαιοσύνη. Συνδυάζει τη φαντασία, τον ριζικό αναστοχασμό, τον πλουραλισμό και τον διαρκή αγώνα ενάντια στις κλειστές ταυτότητες για να αναπτύξει περαιτέρω μαρξικές και φιλελεύθερες ιδέες. Το βιβλίο θα εξετάζει μια σειρά πολιτικών και φιλοσοφικών ζητημάτων τα οποία εγείρει μια αγωνιστική θεώρηση της ελευθερίας που αρνείται την ύπαρξη αντικειμενικών θεμελίων στην επιστήμη, την ιστορία και την ηθική.

Τα δυο τελευταία κεφάλαια θα πραγματεύονται την προβληματική της ηγεμονίας-αντιηγεμονίας (Ε. Λακλάου, Ρ.Ντέη κ.α.) και των «κοινών» στη σύγχρονη θεωρία (Ε.Όστρομ κ.α.), δηλαδή των συλλογικών πόρων που γίνονται αντικείμενο δημοκρατικής συλλογικής διαχείρισης από τοπικές κοινωνίες, ώστε να αναζητηθούν πρόσφορες πολιτικές δομές που θα μπορούσαν να προαγάγουν κοινωνικά την ιδέα της αγωνιστικής ελευθερίας
Access to anti-cancer drugs in India: is there a need to revise reimbursement policies?
Creators: name: Gertruud Haitsma
name: Himanshu Patel
name: Parthasarathi Gurumurthy
name: Postma, Maarten J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer

description: Background: The aim of this study was to examine the access of Indian cancer patients to optimum cancer care under selected government schemes by reviewing reimbursement schemes for cancer care in India. Methods: All cancer care reimbursement schemes in India were identified and three highly utilized schemes (VAS, RAS, CMCHS) were selected. Quality of breast, colorectal, lung, head & neck, and gastric cancer care was reviewed with respect to NCCN guidelines. Direct medical costs and shortage of budget in reimbursed amounts were calculated for each listed chemotherapy regimen. Results: Medical oncology practice following the schemes’ formularies is inferior to recommendations by the NCCN guidelines. Innovative treatment (targeted therapies) like trastuzumab, pertuzumab (breast), bevacizumab, cetuximab, panitumumab (colorectal), erlotinib, gefitinib, crizotinib, and nivolumab (lung) are either not reimbursed (VAS, CMCHS) or partially reimbursed (RAS). Average shortage of budget was found to be 43% (breast), 55% (colorectal), 74% (lung), 7% (head & neck), and 51% (gastric cancer). Conclusions: Policy makers should consider addition of newer treatments, exclusion of sub-optimal treatments, increments in per patient budget and optimization of supportive care, which may contribute to improvements in survival and quality of life for Indian cancer patients.
Driving Quantum Computing Advances with NVIDIA CUDA-Q Platform
Creators: name: Fang, Wei
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Software
Infrastructure
AI

description: Quantum computing unlocks a time machine trip for fusion energy, climate research, drug discovery and many more areas. Researchers are hard at work simulating future quantum computers on NVIDIA GPU-based systems and software to develop and test quantum algorithms faster than ever. The NVIDIA CUDA-Q platform enables both simulation of quantum computers and hybrid application development with a unified programming model for CPUs, GPUs and Quantum Processing Units (QPUs) working together. CUDA-Q is speeding simulations in chemistry workflows for BASF, high-energy and nuclear physics for Stony Brook and quantum chemistry for NERSC. NVIDIA Blackwell architecture will help drive quantum simulations to new heights. Utilizing the latest NVIDIA NVLink multi-node interconnect technology helps shuttle data faster for speedup benefits to quantum simulations. In this talk we are going to discuss the key benefits and features of CUDA-Q and how researchers can leverage the cuQuantum-accelerated simulation backends as well as QPUs from our partners or connect their own simulator or quantum processor. NVIDIA CUDA-Q can significantly speed up quantum algorithms, compared to other quantum frameworks. Quantum algorithms can achieve a speedup of up to 2500X over CPU, scaling number of qubits using multiple GPUs.
Robustness of dark matter constraints and interplay with collider searches for New Physics
Creators: name: Arbey, A.
name: Boudaud, M.
name: Mahmoudi, F.
name: Robbins, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the implications of dark matter searches, together with collider constraints, on the phenomenological MSSM with neutralino dark matter and focus on the consequences of the related uncertainties in some detail. We consider, inter alia, the latest results from AMS-02, Fermi-LAT and XENON1T. In particular, we examine the impact of the choice of the dark matter halo profile, as well as the propagation model for cosmic rays, for dark matter indirect detection and show that the constraints on the MSSM differ by one to two orders of magnitude depending on the astrophysical hypotheses. On the other hand, our limited knowledge of the local relic density in the vicinity of the Earth and the velocity of Earth in the dark matter halo leads to a factor 3 in the exclusion limits obtained by direct detection experiments. We identified the astrophysical models leading to the most conservative and the most stringent constraints and for each case studied the complementarities with the latest LHC measurements and limits from Higgs, SUSY and monojet searches. We show that combining all data from dark matter searches and colliders, a large fraction of our supersymmetric sample could be probed. Whereas the direct detection constraints are rather robust under the astrophysical assumptions, the uncertainties related to indirect detection can have an important impact on the number of the excluded points.
description: 32 pages, 26 figures. v2: update of the conservative scenario for the astrophysical uncertainties, references added
A note on toric degeneration of a Bott-Samelson-Demazure-Hansen variety
Creators: name: Chary, B. Narasimha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14F17, 14M15

description: In this paper we study the geometry of toric degeneration of a Bott-Samelson-Demazure-Hansen (BSDH) variety. We give some applications to BSDH varieties. Precisely, we classify Fano, weak Fano and log Fano BSDH varieties and their toric limits in Kac-Moody setting. We prove some vanishing theorems for the cohomology of tangent bundle (and line bundles) on BSDH varieties. We also recover the results in arXiv:1604.01998, by toric methods.
description: 21 pages; minor revisions. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1706.02139
title: ADCO, Cartulaire de Cîteaux dit Cartularium Vetus (milieu XIIIe siècle) et Notices du XIIe siècle, Cart. 169 (11 H 63), f. 0089r
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2011
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge

description: Cartulaire de Cîteaux dit Cartularium Vetus (milieu XIIIe siècle) et Notices du XIIe siècle, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 169 (11 H 63), f. 0089r, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire de Cîteaux dit Cartularium Vetus (milieu XIIIe siècle) et Notices du XIIe siècle, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 169 (11 H 63), f. 0089r, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
Additional file 5 of The fiber diameter traits of Tibetan cashmere goats are governed by the inherent differences in stress, hypoxic, and metabolic adaptations: an integrative study of proteome and transcriptome
Creators: name: Zhao, Bingru
name: Wu, Cuiling
name: Sammad, Abdul
name: Ma, Zhen
name: Suo, Langda
name: Wu, Yujiang
name: Fu, Xuefeng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5: Figure S3. The number of peptide fragments for protein identification.
An Alternative Lattice Field Theory Formulation Inspired by Lattice Supersymmetry
Creators: name: D'Adda, Alessandro
name: Kawamoto, Noboru
name: Saito, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an unconventional formulation of lattice field theories which is quite general, although originally motivated by the quest of exact lattice supersymmetry. Two long standing problems have a solution in this context: 1) Each degree of freedom on the lattice corresponds to $2^d$ degrees of freedom in the continuum, but all these doublers have (in the case of fermions) the same chirality and can be either identified, thus removing the degeneracy, or, in some theories with extended supersymmetry, identified with different members of the same supermultiplet. 2) The derivative operator, defined on the lattice as a suitable periodic function of the lattice momentum, is an addittive and conserved quantity, thus assuring that the Leibnitz rule is satisfied. This implies that the product of two fields on the lattice is replaced by a non-local "star product" which is however in general non-associative. Associativity of the "star product" poses strong restrictions on the form of the lattice derivative operator (which becomes the inverse gudermannian function of the lattice momentum) and has the consequence that the degrees of freedom of the lattice theory and of the continuum theory are in one-to-one correspondence, so that the two theories are eventually equivalent. Regularization of the ultraviolet divergences on the lattice is not associated to the lattice spacing, which does not act as a regulator, but may be obtained by a one parameter deformation of the lattice derivative, thus preserving the lattice structure even in the limit of infinite momentum cutoff. However this regularization breaks gauge invariance and a gauge invariant regularization within the lattice formulation is still lacking.
description: 68 pages, 7 figures
Access to anti-cancer drugs in India: is there a need to revise reimbursement policies?
Creators: name: Gertruud Haitsma
name: Himanshu Patel
name: Parthasarathi Gurumurthy
name: Postma, Maarten J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer

description: Background: The aim of this study was to examine the access of Indian cancer patients to optimum cancer care under selected government schemes by reviewing reimbursement schemes for cancer care in India. Methods: All cancer care reimbursement schemes in India were identified and three highly utilized schemes (VAS, RAS, CMCHS) were selected. Quality of breast, colorectal, lung, head & neck, and gastric cancer care was reviewed with respect to NCCN guidelines. Direct medical costs and shortage of budget in reimbursed amounts were calculated for each listed chemotherapy regimen. Results: Medical oncology practice following the schemes’ formularies is inferior to recommendations by the NCCN guidelines. Innovative treatment (targeted therapies) like trastuzumab, pertuzumab (breast), bevacizumab, cetuximab, panitumumab (colorectal), erlotinib, gefitinib, crizotinib, and nivolumab (lung) are either not reimbursed (VAS, CMCHS) or partially reimbursed (RAS). Average shortage of budget was found to be 43% (breast), 55% (colorectal), 74% (lung), 7% (head & neck), and 51% (gastric cancer). Conclusions: Policy makers should consider addition of newer treatments, exclusion of sub-optimal treatments, increments in per patient budget and optimization of supportive care, which may contribute to improvements in survival and quality of life for Indian cancer patients.
ПОЛИАМИНЫ КАК МОДУЛЯТОРЫ АНТИБИОТИКОЧУВСТВИТЕЛЬНОСТИ БАКТЕРИЙ
Creators: name: Л. Ю. Нестерова
name: А. В. Ахова
name: И. В. Цыганов
name: А. Г. Ткаченко
Publisher: name: Бюллетень Оренбургского научного центра УрО РАН
Year: 2019
Subjects: полиамины
антибиотикочувствительность
левофлоксацин
амикацин
цефотаксим.

description: Цель. Изучить влияние биогенных полиаминов путресцина, кадаверина и спермидина на чувствительность Escherichia coli к антибиотикам различных классов. Материалы и методы. Объекты: клинические изоляты и генетически модифицированные лабораторные штаммы E. coli. Клетки выращивали на LB-бульоне. Количество КОЕ определяли высевами на чашки Петри с твердой питательной средой. Антибиотикочувствительность оценивали по значению минимальной подавляющей концентрации, которую определяли модифицированным методом двукратных серийных разведений. Результаты. Экзогенно добавленные полиамины снижали чувствительность бактерий к фторхинолоновым, аминогликозидным и β-лактамным антибиотикам. При этом путресцин и спермидин повышали минимальную подавляющую концентрацию левофлоксацина по отношению к клиническим изолятам, обладающим как низким, так и высоким исходным уровнем устойчивости. Кроме того, добавка путресцина к среде культивирования приводила к увеличению выживаемости E. coli под действием левофлоксацина, амикацина и цефотаксима. Заключение. Биогенные полиамины, присутствующие в среде культивирования снижают чувствительность бактерий к действию β-лактамных, фторхинолоновых и аминогликозидных антибиотиков. Положительный эффект различных полиаминов изменяется в зависимости от класса антибиотика, длительности его контакта с клетками и их физиологического состояния.
ФЕНО- И ГЕНОТИПИЧЕСКИЙ ПРОФИЛЬ СТАФИЛОКОККОВ КАК ВОЗБУДИТЕЛЕЙ ЭНДОГЕННЫХ ИНФЕКЦИЙ
Creators: name: Т. М. Пашкова
name: Л П. Попова
name: О. Л. Карташова
Publisher: name: Бюллетень Оренбургского научного центра УрО РАН
Year: 2019
Subjects: стафилококки
факторы персистенции
генетические детерминанты факторов патогенности
бактерионосительство
гнойно-воспалительные заболевания.

description: В работе представлены данные о роли стафилококков как возбудителей эндогенных инфекций, приведены материалы о факторах вирулентности и персистенции, рассмотрены механизмы биопленкообразования, дана генетическая характеристика патогенного потенциала стафилококков, выделенных от бактерионосителей и больных с инфекционно-воспалительными заболеваниями. Использование фенои генотипического профиля стафилококков нашло реальное воплощение в разработке новых технологий для диагностики и прогнозирования характера течения ряда заболеваний, а также их терапии и дифференциации штаммов.
БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ СВОЙСТВА И ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ ГРАМОТРИЦАТЕЛЬНЫХ БАКТЕРИЙ, ВЫДЕЛЕННЫХ ОТ ПАЦИЕНТОВ МНОГОПРОФИЛЬНОГО СТАЦИОНАРА
Creators: name: Т. М. Мругова
name: В. А. Гриценко
name: В. А. Агеевец
name: И. В. Лазарева
name: Л. О. Иноземцева
Publisher: name: Бюллетень Оренбургского научного центра УрО РАН
Year: 2019
Subjects: нозокомиальные инфекции
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Acinetobacter baumannii
патогенные свойства
гемолитическая активность
антилизоцимная активность
серорезистентность
антибиотикорезистентность
генетические маркеры.

description: Цель. Изучить факторы патогенности и генетические характеристики у грамотрицательных бактерий, выделенных от пациентов в многопрофильном хирургическом стационаре. Материалы и методы. Объекты исследования – 64 клинических штамма грамотрицательных бактерий видов Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumanii, Escherichia coli, изолированных от пациентов с послеоперационными инфекционно-воспалительными осложнениями. Выделение и идентификация бактерий и изучение у них факторов патогенности, антибиотикочувствительности и генетических характеристик проведены общепринятыми соответствующими методами. Результаты. Охарактеризован комплекс факторов патогенности (гемолитическая активность, антилизоцимная активность, серорезистентность, биопленкообразование) у клинических штаммов K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, A. baumanii и E. coli, а также генетические детерминанты резистентности к карбапенемам у клебсиелл и колистину у эшерихий. Заключение. Полученные данные могут быть использованы для разработки новых подходов к проведению микробиологического мониторинга нозокомиальных инфекций и оптимизации антибактериальной терапии пациентов с указанной патологией в многопрофильном хирургическом стационаре.
Tensor Minkowski Functionals for random fields on the sphere
Creators: name: Chingangbam, Pravabati
name: Yogendran, K P
name: K., Joby P.
name: Ganesan, Vidhya
name: Appleby, Stephen
name: Park, Changbom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize the translation invariant tensor-valued Minkowski Functionals which are defined on two-dimensional flat space to the unit sphere. We apply them to level sets of random fields. The contours enclosing boundaries of level sets of random fields give a spatial distribution of random smooth closed curves. We obtain analytic expressions for the ensemble expectation values for the matrix elements of the tensor-valued Minkowski Functionals for isotropic Gaussian and Rayleigh fields. We elucidate the way in which the elements of the tensor Minkowski Functionals encode information about the nature and statistical isotropy (or departure from isotropy) of the field. We then implement our method to compute the tensor-valued Minkowski Functionals numerically and demonstrate how they encode statistical anisotropy and departure from Gaussianity by applying the method to maps of the Galactic foreground emissions from the PLANCK data.
description: 1+23 pages, 5 figures, Significantly expanded from version 1. To appear in JCAP
Diversity and ecosystem consequences of multispecies invasion in a dry forest plant community
Creators: name: CHRISTOPHER MARK MCGRANNACHAN
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 50102 Ecosystem Function
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 50103 Invasive Species Ecology

description: In this thesis I investigate the consequences of multispecies invasion for understorey communities, and how they function, in a dry forest system, using a predominantly field-based approach.
ТАКСОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ СТРУКТУРА И УСТОЙЧИВОСТЬ К АНТИБИОТИКАМ МИКРОФЛОРЫ, ИЗОЛИРОВАННОЙ ИЗ МОЧИ ПЛОТОЯДНЫХ ПРИ МОЧЕКАМЕННОЙ БОЛЕЗНИ
Creators: name: Н. В. Морозова
Publisher: name: Бюллетень Оренбургского научного центра УрО РАН
Year: 2019
Subjects: микроорганизмы
антибиотикорезистентность
мочекаменная болезнь
плотоядные.

description: Цель. Определить видовой состав и оценить антибиотикорезистентность микроорганизмов, выделенных из мочи при мочекаменной болезни (МКБ) плотоядных. Материалы и методы. Изучен бактериальный спектр и антибиотикорезистентность микрофлоры, выделенной из мочи животных с мочекаменной болезнью, бактериологическим и диско-диффузионным методом соответственно. Результаты. Показано, что в видовой структуре микроорганизмов доминировали стафилококки (44,4%), преимущественно Staphylococcus aureus (33,3%); Escherichia coli изолированы в 18,5% случаев; реже встречались Enterococcus faecalis (14,9%), а также неферментирующие бактерии, представленные двумя видами псевдомонад – Pseudomonas aeruginosa (7,4%) и P. luteola (3,7%); в единичных случаях (по 3,7%) обнаружены Proteus mirabilis, Morganella morganii и Bacillus subtilis. Микроорганизмы выделены в монокультуре, двухи трехкомпонентных ассоциациях. Проведенные исследования показали, что препаратами выбора при терапии МКБ могут являться неомицин и стрептомицин (за исключением случаев выделения энтерококков). Заключение. Видовая структура микроорганизмов, выделенных из мочи плотоядных с МКБ характеризовалась разнообразием, при этом доминировали бактерии рода Staphylococcus spp. Выявленную вариабельность антибиотикорезистентности выделенных уроизолятов необходимо учитывать при эмпирическом выборе препарата (-ов) для проведения антимикробной терапии плотоядных с МКБ.
ПЦР-МОНИТОРИНГ ПЕРСИСТЕНТНОГО ПОТЕНЦИАЛА ЭНТЕРОБАКТЕРИЙ
Creators: name: И. А. Здвижкова
name: С. В. Андрющенко
Publisher: name: Бюллетень Оренбургского научного центра УрО РАН
Year: 2019
Subjects: мультиплекс-ПЦР
энтеробактерии
персистенция микроорганизмов
патогенность.

description: Цель. Оценить распространенность и сочетанность генетических детерминант персистенции условно-патогенных энтеробактерий и их отдельных фенотипических проявлений. Материалы и методы. В работе использована разработанная ранее тест-система множественного ПЦР-анализа (Патент РФ №2662930). Проведен ПЦР-скрининг 160 штаммов условно-патогенных энтеробаткерий, относящихся к видам Escherichia coli и Klebsiella pneumoniae, выделенных из разных источников. Результаты. У пациентов с хроническими заболеваниями (заболевания ЖКТ и реактивный артрит) встречаемость детерминант колибактина выше, чем у штаммов от условно-здоровых пациентов. Выделенные из ЖКТ условно-патогенные E. coli с гемолитической активностью в ¾ случаев – носители генов колибактина. При уроинфекциях частота встречаемости генов аэробактина составляет более половины штаммов. Заключение. Множественный скрининг генетических детерминант персистенции энтеробактерий с одной стороны подтверждает ранее установленную роль аэробактина для уропатогенности, с другой демонстрирует возможную адаптивную связь систем колибактина и гемолизина.
АНТИМИКРОБНАЯ АКТИВНОСТЬ НЕРИБОСОМАЛЬНЫХ ПЕПТИДОВ ЦИАНОБАКТЕРИЙ
Creators: name: Н. В. Немцева
name: Э. И. Мамедова
name: Е. К. Немцева
Publisher: name: Бюллетень Оренбургского научного центра УрО РАН
Year: 2019
Subjects: цианобактерии
нерибосомальные пептиды
токсины
пептидосинтетазы.

description: Проведен анализ данных научной литературы по проблеме поиска альтернативных антибиотикам веществ. Адекватным решением проблемы является применение нерибосомальных пептидов, синтезируемых цианобактериями с помощью пептидсинтетаз. Способность цианобактерий синтезировать метаболиты с адресной доставкой обеспечивает успешность таргентной медицины. Нерибосомальные пептиды не вызывают привыкания, что может их сделать конкурентными на рынке антибиотиков.
The Prabhakar or three parameter Mittag--Leffler function: theory and application
Creators: name: Garra, Roberto
name: Garrappa, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 33E12, 26A33, 34E05, 35K05

description: The Prabhakar function (namely, a three parameter Mittag-Leffler function) is investigated. This function plays a fundamental role in the description of the anomalous dielectric properties in disordered materials and heterogeneous systems manifesting simultaneous nonlocality and nonlinearity and, more generally, in models of Havriliak-Negami type. After reviewing some of the main properties of the function, the asymptotic expansion for large arguments is investigated in the whole complex plane and, with major emphasis, along the negative semi-axis. Fractional integral and derivative operators of Prabhakar type are hence considered and some nonlinear heat conduction equations with memory involving Prabhakar derivatives are studied.
Additional file 3: of Factors contributing to the decision to perform a cesarean section in Labrador retrievers
Creators: name: Dolf, Gaudenz
name: Gaillard, Claude
name: Russenberger, Jane
name: Moseley, Lou
name: Schelling, Claude
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Displaying for Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 the predicted probabilities for the EOW outcomes, together with the P-values for the tests of predicted probabilities being different from zero. (DOCX 31 kb)
ALMA observations of N83C in the early stage of star formation in the Small Magellanic Cloud
Creators: name: Muraoka, Kazuyuki
name: Homma, Aya
name: Onishi, Toshikazu
name: Tokuda, Kazuki
name: Harada, Ryohei
name: Morioka, Yuuki
name: Zahorecz, Sarolta
name: Saigo, Kazuya
name: Kawamura, Akiko
name: Mizuno, Norikazu
name: Minamidani, Tetsuhiro
name: Muller, EriK
name: Fukui, Yasuo
name: Meixner, Margaret
name: Indebetouw, Remy
name: Sewiło, Marta
name: Bolatto, Alberto D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations in $^{12}$CO($J=2-1$), $^{13}$CO($J=2-1$), C$^{18}$O($J=2-1$), $^{12}$CO($J=3-2$), $^{13}$CO($J=3-2$), and CS($J=7-6$) lines toward the active star-forming region N83C in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC), whose metallicity is $\sim$ 1/5 of the Milky Way (MW). The ALMA observations first reveal sub-pc scale molecular structures in $^{12}$CO($J=2-1$) and $^{13}$CO($J=2-1$) emission. We found strong CO peaks associated with young stellar objects (YSOs) identified by the $Spitzer$ Space Telescope, and also found that overall molecular gas is distributed along the edge of the neighboring HII region. We derived a gas density of $\sim 10^4$ cm$^{-3}$ in molecular clouds associated with YSOs based on the virial mass estimated from $^{12}$CO($J=2-1$) emission. This high gas density is presumably due to the effect of the HII region under the low-metallicity (accordingly small-dust content) environment in the SMC; far-UV radiation from the HII region can easily penetrate and photo-dissociate the outer layer of $^{12}$CO molecules in the molecular clouds, and thus only the innermost parts of the molecular clouds are observed even in $^{12}$CO emission. We obtained the CO-to-H$_2$ conversion factor $X_{\rm CO}$ of $7.5 \times 10^{20}$ cm$^{-2}$ (K km s$^{-1}$)$^{-1}$ in N83C based on virial masses and CO luminosities, which is four times larger than that in the MW, 2 $\times 10^{20}$ cm$^{-2}$ (K km s$^{-1}$)$^{-1}$. We also discuss the difference in the nature between two high-mass YSOs, each of which is associated with a molecular clump with a mass of about a few $\times 10^3 M_{\odot}$.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ
Dynamical System Analysis of Quintessence Models with Exponential Potential -- Revisited
Creators: name: Arapoğlu, A. Savaş
name: Yükselci, A. Emrah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamical system analysis of a universe model which contains matter, radiation, and quintessence with exponential potential, $V \!(ϕ)=V_{\!o} \, exp(-ακϕ) \,$, is studied in the light of recent observations and the tensions between different datasets. The three-dimensional phase space is constructed by the energy density parameters and all the critical points of the model with their physical meanings are investigated. This approach provides an easy way of comparing the model directly with the observations. We consider a solution that is compatible with observations and is continuous in the phase space in both directions of time, past and future. Although in many studies of late-time acceleration the radiation is neglected, here we consider all components together and this makes the calculated effective equation of state parameter more realistic. Additionally, a relation between potential parameter, $α$, and the value of quintessence equation of state parameter, $ω_ϕ(t_o)$, today is found by using numerical analysis. We conclude that $α$ has to be small in order to explain the current accelerated phase of the universe and this result can be seen directly from the relation we obtain. Finally, we compare the usual dynamical system approach with the approach that we follow in this paper.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures; matches the published version
Outcomes of Grazing Impacts Between Sub-Neptunes in Kepler Multis
Creators: name: Hwang, Jason
name: Chatterjee, Sourav
name: Lombardi, James
name: Steffen, Jason
name: Rasio, Frederic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Studies of high-multiplicity, tightly-packed planetary systems suggest that dynamical instabilities are common and affect both the orbits and planet structures, where the compact orbits and typically low densities make physical collisions likely outcomes. Since the structure of many of these planets is such that the mass is dominated by a rocky core, but the volume is dominated by a tenuous gas envelope, the sticky-sphere approximation, used in dynamical integrators, may be a poor model for these collisions. We perform five sets of collision calculations, including detailed hydrodynamics, sampling mass ratios and core mass fractions typical in Kepler Multis. In our primary set of calculations, we use Kepler-36 as a nominal remnant system, as the two planets have a small dynamical separation and an extreme density ratio. We use an N-body code, Mercury 6.2, to integrate initially unstable systems and study the resultant collisions in detail. We use these collisions, focusing on grazing collisions, in combination with realistic planet models created using gas profiles from Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics and core profiles using equations of state from Seager et al. (2007), to perform hydrodynamic calculations, finding scatterings, mergers, and even a potential planet-planet binary. We dynamically integrate the remnant systems, examine the stability, and estimate the final densities, finding the remnant densities are sensitive to the core masses, and collisions result in generally more stable systems. We provide prescriptions for predicting the outcomes and modeling the changes in mass and orbits following collisions for general use in dynamical integrators.
description: 29 pages, 13 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJ
Decision-making in professional sporting environments: An International survey of experienced performance support staff perspectives
Creators: name: Wilson, PJ
name: Roe, Gregory
name: Kiely, John
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 520107
subject: Sport and exercise psychology

description: Background Decision-making is a critical component of performance support staff responsibilities, yet research exploring staff perceptions relating to key facets of decision-making is lacking. Objectives The objectives of this study were to explore perceptions of performance support staff relating to; the importance of decision-making in their role, the value of team decision-making, strategies to enhance decision-making skills, monitoring the process and outcome of decisions, and the obstacles to good decision-making within their working contexts. Methods A mixed-methods approached was used to explore perceptions of decision-making in 191 performance support staff (male = 179, female = 12) working in professional (n = 147) or international (n = 44) sport. Results Performance support staff reported decision-making as extremely important to their role; however only 31% had received formal decision-making education and revealed a lack of people development and a lack of skills and education within their organisations. Most support staff conveyed that team decision-making is a valuable endeavour and augments decision outcomes; yet articulated ineffective teamwork as an obstacle to good decision-making in their environments. Largely, performance support staff reported an absence of organisational strategy and processes and procedures for tracking and making decisions respectively, while only 22% had a consistent reviewing and updating process. When making decisions, performance support staff faced several different cognitive biases and were challenged by the pressure and the time sensitive nature of their environments. Conclusion Performance support staff recognised the importance of decision-making in their roles; yet also identified many obstacles to effective decision-making. The perspectives documented here suggest that performance support staff would likely benefit from undertaking evidence-based training and implementing scientifically informed strategies to enhance decision-making processes within their organisations.
Additional file 2: of Factors contributing to the decision to perform a cesarean section in Labrador retrievers
Creators: name: Dolf, Gaudenz
name: Gaillard, Claude
name: Russenberger, Jane
name: Moseley, Lou
name: Schelling, Claude
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology

description: Presenting descriptive statistics for all variables in the analyses. (DOCX 27 kb)
Additional file 1: of Factors contributing to the decision to perform a cesarean section in Labrador retrievers
Creators: name: Dolf, Gaudenz
name: Gaillard, Claude
name: Russenberger, Jane
name: Moseley, Lou
name: Schelling, Claude
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology

description: Presenting the model development for the analysis of EOW. (DOCX 531 kb)
Comparative fitness analysis of D-cycloserine resistant mutants reveals both fitness-neutral and high-fitness cost genotypes.
Creators: name: Evangelopoulos, Dimitrios
name: Prosser, Gareth A
name: Rodgers, Angela
name: Dagg, Belinda M
name: Bhagwati Khatri
name: Ho, Mei Mei
name: Gutierrez, Maximiliano G
name: Cortes, Teresa
name: Luiz Pedro S De Carvalho
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2020
Subjects: Model organisms
Biochemistry & Proteomics
Genetics & Genomics
Structural Biology & Biophysics
Cell Biology
Infectious Disease
Ecology,Evolution & Ethology
Metabolism
Computational & Systems Biology

description: Drug resistant infections represent one of the most challenging medical problems of our time. D-cycloserine is an antibiotic used for six decades without significant appearance and dissemination of antibiotic resistant strains, making it an ideal model compound to understand what drives resistance evasion. We therefore investigated why Mycobacterium tuberculosis fails to become resistant to D-cycloserine. To address this question, we employed a combination of bacterial genetics, genomics, biochemistry and fitness analysis in vitro, in macrophages and in mice. Altogether, our results suggest that the ultra-low rate of emergence of D-cycloserine resistance mutations is the dominant biological factor delaying the appearance of clinical resistance to this antibiotic. Furthermore, we also identified potential compensatory mechanisms able to minimize the severe fitness costs of primary D-cycloserine resistance conferring mutations.
Models of protein production along the cell cycle: an investigation of possible sources of noise
Creators: name: Dessalles, Renaud
name: Fromion, Vincent
name: Robert, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In this article, we quantitatively study, through stochastic models, the efects of several intracellular phenomena, such as cell volume growth, cell division, gene replication as well as fuctuations of available RNA polymerases and ribosomes. These phenomena are indeed rarely considered in classic models of protein production and no relative quantitative comparison among them has been performed. The parameters for a large and representative class of proteins are determined using experimental measures. The main important and surprising conclusion of our study is to show that despite the signifcant fuctuations of free RNA polymerases and free ribosomes, they bring little variability to protein production contrary to what has been previously proposed in the literature. After verifying the robustness of this quite counter-intuitive result, we discuss its possible origin from a theoretical view, and interpret it as the result of a mean-feld efect.
Establishing a National Framework for Advanced Health Analytics Infrastructure
Creators: name: Papaioannou, Anastasios
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Analytics
Engagement
Infrastructure
Data
Workforce
AI
Strategy

description: Introduction: The Australian Research Data Commons (ARDC) has initiated the People Research Data Commons (RDC), a digital research infrastructure program aimed at enhancing digital health research and translation. ARDC collaborated with the Australian Data Science Network (ADSN) to evaluate the current state of digital health infrastructure in the health sector, focusing on computing resources, data and analytics methods, data accessibility, as well as the socio-technical elements. The primary goal is to identify the most critical national research infrastructure (NRI) components needed to support advanced health data analytics of health data and develop an Advanced Analytics Infrastructure Implementation PlanSpecification.

Methods: A mixed-methods approach was used, including surveys, focus groups, and environmental reviews. A questionnaire was distributed to academics, government officials, and industry representatives to gather comprehensive insights. Additionally, focus groups facilitated in-depth discussions, and an environmental review provided contextual understanding. Data from these methods were systematically analysed to develop the framework.

Results: These combined findings are being synthesised into a framework to serve as a specification for future ARDC co-investment projects. The framework aims to: a) Serve as a template for prioritising selecting ARDC partnership initiatives; b) Establish rapport with the research community, promoting the program's philosophy; c) Include NRI components, essential for supporting health research and translation; d) Integrate ARDC and other national infrastructure assets where applicable.

Conclusion: Our methodological framework and findings underscore the importance of strategic NRI to support advanced health data analytics, ensuring that the ARDC's initiatives align with the needs and priorities of the research community.
Electron and proton heating in trans-relativistic magnetic reconnection
Creators: name: Rowan, Michael E.
name: Sironi, Lorenzo
name: Narayan, Ramesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hot collisionless accretion flows, such as the one in Sgr A$^{*}$ at our Galactic center, provide a unique setting for the investigation of magnetic reconnection. Here, protons are non-relativistic while electrons can be ultra-relativistic. By means of two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations, we investigate electron and proton heating in the outflows of trans-relativistic reconnection (i.e., $σ_w\sim 0.1-1$, where the magnetization $σ_w$ is the ratio of magnetic energy density to enthalpy density). For both electrons and protons, we find that heating at high $β_{\rm i}$ (here, $β_{\rm i}$ is the ratio of proton thermal pressure to magnetic pressure) is dominated by adiabatic compression ('adiabatic heating'), while at low $β_{\rm i}$ it is accompanied by a genuine increase in entropy ('irreversible heating'). For our fiducial $σ_w=0.1$, the irreversible heating efficiency at $β_{\rm i}\lesssim 1$ is nearly independent of the electron-to-proton temperature ratio $T_{\rm e}/T_{\rm i}$ (which we vary from $0.1$ up to $1$), and it asymptotes to $\sim 2\%$ of the inflowing magnetic energy in the low-$β_{\rm i}$ limit. Protons are heated more efficiently than electrons at low and moderate $β_{\rm i}$ (by a factor of $\sim7$), whereas the electron and proton heating efficiencies become comparable at $β_{\rm i}\sim 2$ if $T_{\rm e}/T_{\rm i}=1$, when both species start already relativistically hot. We find comparable heating efficiencies between the two species also in the limit of relativistic reconnection ($σ_w\gtrsim 1$). Our results have important implications for the two-temperature nature of collisionless accretion flows, and may provide the sub-grid physics needed in general relativistic MHD simulations.
description: 29 pages, 27 figures, 7 appendices; accepted to ApJ
Univalent Foundations and the UniMath Library
Creators: name: Bordg, Anthony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 03B15 03B35

description: We give a concise presentation of the Univalent Foundations of mathematics outlining the main ideas, followed by a discussion of the UniMath library of formalized mathematics implementing the ideas of the Univalent Foundations (section 1), and the challenges one faces in attempting to design a large-scale library of formalized mathematics (section 2). This leads us to a general discussion about the links between architecture and mathematics where a meeting of minds is revealed between architects and mathematicians (section 3). On the way our odyssey from the foundations to the "horizon" of mathematics will lead us to meet the mathematicians David Hilbert and Nicolas Bourbaki as well as the architect Christopher Alexander.