cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Kazhdan-Lusztig R-polynomials for pircons
Creators: name: Marietti, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05E99, 20F55

description: The purpose of this work is to provide a common combinatorial framework for some of the analogues and generalizations of Kazhdan-Lusztig R-polynomials that have appeared since the introduction of these remarkable polynomials (e.g., parabolic Kazhdan-Lusztig R-polynomials, Kazhdan-Lusztig R-polynomials of zircons, and Kazhdan-Lusztig-Vogan polynomials for fixed point free involutions).
Strange quark matter in a chiral SU(3) quark mean field model
Creators: name: Wang, P.
name: Lyubovitskij, V. E.
name: Gutsche, Th.
name: Faessler, Amand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the chiral SU(3) quark mean field model to investigate strange quark matter. The stability of strange quark matter with different strangeness fraction is studied. The interaction between quarks and vector mesons destabilizes the strange quark matter. If the strength of the vector coupling is the same as in hadronic matter, strangelets can not be formed. For the case of beta equilibrium, there is no strange quark matter which can be stable against hadron emission even without vector meson interactions.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures
Reconstructing unseen transmission events to infer dengue dynamics from viral sequences
Creators: name: Salje, Henrik
name: Wesolowski, Amy
name: Brown, Tyler S.
name: Kiang, Mathew V.
name: Berry, Irina Maljkovic
name: Lefrancq, Noemie
name: Fernandez, Stefan
name: Jarman, Richard G.
name: Ruchusatsawat, Kriangsak
name: Iamsirithaworn, Sopon
name: Vandepitte, Warunee P.
name: Suntarattiwong, Piyarat
name: Read, Jonathan M.
name: Klungthong, Chonticha
name: Thaisomboonsuk, Butsaya
name: Engø-Monsen, Kenth
name: Buckee, Caroline
name: Cauchemez, Simon
name: Cummings, Derek A. T.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/631/114/2397
/631/208/457
/631/326/596/1413
/692/699/255/2514
article

description: Abstract: For most pathogens, transmission is driven by interactions between the behaviours of infectious individuals, the behaviours of the wider population, the local environment, and immunity. Phylogeographic approaches are currently unable to disentangle the relative effects of these competing factors. We develop a spatiotemporally structured phylogenetic framework that addresses these limitations by considering individual transmission events, reconstructed across spatial scales. We apply it to geocoded dengue virus sequences from Thailand (N = 726 over 18 years). We find infected individuals spend 96% of their time in their home community compared to 76% for the susceptible population (mainly children) and 42% for adults. Dynamic pockets of local immunity make transmission more likely in places with high heterotypic immunity and less likely where high homotypic immunity exists. Age-dependent mixing of individuals and vector distributions are not important in determining spread. This approach provides previously unknown insights into one of the most complex disease systems known and will be applicable to other pathogens.
A model for phonetic changes driven by social interactions
Creators: name: Chacoma, A.
name: Almeira, N.
name: Perotti, J. I.
name: Billoni, O. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a stochastic model to study phonetic changes as an evolutionary process driven by social interactions between two groups of individuals with different phonological systems. Particularly, we focus on the changes in the place of articulation, inspired by the drift /\textphi/$\rightarrow$/h/ observed in some words of Latin root in the Castilian language. In the model, each agent is characterized by a variable of three states, representing the place of articulation used during speech production. In this frame, we propose stochastic rules of interactions among agents which lead to phonetic imitation and consequently to changes in the articulation place. Based on this, we mathematically formalize the model as a problem of population dynamics, derive the equations of evolution in the mean field approximation, and study the emergence of three non--trivial global states, which can be linked to the pattern of phonetic changes observed in the language of Castile and in other Romance languages.
ARE THERE RURAL AREAS IN THE WARSAW METROPOLITAN AREA? AN ATTEMPT TO ANSWER THE QUESTION BASE ON THE DEGREE OF URBANISATION (DEGURBA)
Creators: name: Drejerska, Nina
name: Drejerska, Nina
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Warsaw Metropolitan Area
subject: rural areas
subject: DEGURBA
subject: integrated territorial investment

description: Significant transformation processes have been taking place on rural areas, especially those close to big cities. Some communes, which are still described as rural ones, can be a part of functional metropolitan regions. The aim of the study was to verify if such a situation takes place in the case of the Warsaw Metropolitan Area. The study showed that there are some rural communes, according to the DEGURBA methodology, included in the Warsaw Metropolitan Area; some of them also joined a mechanism of the Warsaw Integrated Territorial Investment. Participation in this mechanism will allow them to develop their potential in a way coherent with the development path of the whole Warsaw metropolitan region.
Tristetraprolin/ZFP36 Regulates the Turnover of Autoimmune-Associated HLA-DQ mRNAs
Creators: name: Pisapia
name: , Hamilton
name: Farina
name: D’Agostino
name: , Barba
name: Strazzullo
name: Provenzani
name: Gianfrani
name: Pozzo, Del
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: celiac disease
Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA), RNA binding protein
RNA stability
RNA structure

description: HLA class II genes encode highly polymorphic heterodimeric proteins functioning to present antigens to T cells and stimulate a specific immune response. Many HLA genes are strongly associated with autoimmune diseases as they stimulate self-antigen specific CD4+ T cells driving pathogenic responses against host tissues or organs. High expression of HLA class II risk genes is associated with autoimmune diseases, influencing the strength of the CD4+ T-mediated autoimmune response. The expression of HLA class II genes is regulated at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Protein components of the RNP complex binding the 3′UTR and affecting mRNA processing have previously been identified. Following on from this, the regulation of HLA-DQ2.5 risk genes, the main susceptibility genetic factor for celiac disease (CD), was investigated. The DQ2.5 molecule, encoded by HLA-DQA1*05 and HLA-DQB1*02 alleles, presents the antigenic gluten peptides to CD4+ T lymphocytes, activating the autoimmune response. The zinc-finger protein Tristetraprolin (TTP) or ZFP36 was identified to be a component of the RNP complex and has been described as a factor modulating mRNA stability. The 3′UTR of CD-associated HLA-DQA1*05 and HLA-DQB1*02 mRNAs do not contain canonical TTP binding consensus sequences, therefore an in silico approach focusing on mRNA secondary structure accessibility and stability was undertaken. Key structural differences specific to the CD-associated mRNAs were uncovered, allowing them to strongly interact with TTP through their 3′UTR, conferring a rapid turnover, in contrast to lower affinity binding to HLA non-CD associated mRNA.
Challenges in making standardisation work in healthcare: lessons from a qualitative interview study of a line-labelling policy in a UK region
Creators: name: Kriznik, Natasha Marie
name: Lamé, Guillaume
name: Dixon-Woods, Mary
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Health services research
1506
1704
standardisation
implementation
systems thinking
usability

description: Funder: The Health Foundation's grant to Healthcare Improvement Studies Institute
description: Objective: To identify and learn from efforts to design and implement a standardised policy for labelling of invasive tubing and lines across a regional health system. Design: Single case study involving qualitative interviews and documentary analysis. Setting: A devolved health system in the UK National Health Service (NHS). Participants: NHS staff (n=10) and policy-makers (n=8) who were involved in the design and/or implementation of the standardised policy. Results: Though standardising labelling of invasive tubing and lines was initially seen as a common-sense technical change, challenges during the process of developing and implementing the policy were multiple and sociotechnical in nature. Major challenges related to defining the problem and the solution, limited sustained engagement with stakeholders and users, prototyping/piloting of the solution, and planning for implementation. Some frontline staff remained unconvinced of the need for or value of the policy, since they either did not believe that there was a problem or did not agree that standardised labelling was the right solution. Mundane practical issues such authorisation and resourcing, supply chains for labels, the need to restructure work practices to accommodate the new standard, and the physical features of the labels in specific clinical settings all had important impacts. Conclusions: Newly standardised tools and practices have to fit within a system of pre-existing norms, practices and procedures. We identified a number of practical, social and cultural challenges when designing and implementing a standardised policy in a regional healthcare system. Taking account of both sociocultural and technical aspects of standardisation, combined with systems thinking, could lead to more effective implementation and increase acceptability and usability of new standards.
Monetary Regime Choices for a Semi-Open Country
Creators: name: Frankel, Jeffrey A.
name: Frankel, Jeffrey A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: International Development
subject: regimes
subject: monetary rules
subject: discretion
subject: fixed and floating exchange rates
subject: nominal anchor
subject: Newly Industrializing counties

description: This paper considers regime choices facing relatively small, trade-oriented, financially liberalizing, rapidly growing countries such as the East Asian NICs. The classic question of fixed versus flexible exchange rates is considered first. Of the many factors that determine whether the advantages of fixed rates justify the loss of monetary independence, all depend on the openness of the country. One example is the advantage that stable exchange rates promote trade; the magnitude of this effect is estimated in this paper. Another example is the advantage that a fixed exchange rate can serve as a nominal anchor to monetary policy. The second half of the paper reviews the recent literature on monetary rules versus discretion, and then considers four alternative candidates for the nominal anchor for monetary policy: the money supply, nominal GNP, price level, and exchange rate. It is argued that nominal GNP dominates the money supply in general, and dominates the other two candidates under certain conditions.
Growth Efficacy of Sorghum and Rice Amended with Dried Versus Composted Aquatic Vegetation
Creators: name: Bhadha, Jehangir H.
name: Alvarez, Odiney
name: Lang, Timothy A.
name: Giurcanu, Mihai C.
name: Daroub, Samira H.
name: Bhadha, Jehangir H.
name: Alvarez, Odiney
name: Lang, Timothy A.
name: Giurcanu, Mihai C.
name: Daroub, Samira H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: water lettuce
subject: filamentous algae
subject: amendment
subject: aquatic vegetation
subject: allelopathy
subject: composting

description: Aquatic vegetation is a potential source of organic matter and nutrients for crop production and soil sustainability. However, its high water content and presence of toxic compounds have been major deterrents for commercial application. This split-pot study evaluated the application of Pistia stratiotes (PS) (water lettuce) and Lyngbya wollei (LW) (filamentous cyanobacteria) to grow rice and sorghum. The aquatic vegetation was applied as dried and composted amendments on sandy (<3% organic matter) and muck (>80% organic matter) soils. A completely randomized split-pot design evaluated the effect of the amendments on root dry weight (RDW), shoot dry weight (SDW), and nutrient content of above ground biomass. The application of dried PS and LW on sandy soil produced larger and heavier sorghum shoots than those grown under composted treatments. Soil type was not a determinant factor of plant nutrient content: total Kjeldahl nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and silicon. Shoot dry weight of rice grown on sandy soils was significantly greater than grown on muck soils using dried LW and composted LW treatments. The allelopathic effects of PS and LW were more pronounced on sandy soil compared to muck soil, indicating the potential application for using aquatic vegetation as a soil amendment on sandy soil in the future.
Sense, nonsense and the S&P500
Creators: name: Rogers, L. C. G.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: Article
Bayesian statistics
Frequentist statistics
Derivative pricing
Hedging
C11
C18
C58

description: Abstract: The theory of financial markets is well developed, but before any of it can be applied there are statistical questions to be answered: Are the hypotheses of proposed models reasonably consistent with what data show? If so, how should we infer parameter values from data? How do we quantify the error in our conclusions? This paper examines these questions in the context of the two main areas of quantitative finance, portfolio selection and derivative pricing. By looking at these two contexts, we get a very clear understanding of the viability of the two main statistical paradigms, classical (frequentist) statistics and Bayesian statistics.
Phenomenology of A Three-Family Standard-like String Model
Creators: name: Cvetic, Mirjam
name: Langacker, Paul
name: Shiu, Gary
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the phenomenology of a three-family supersymmetric Standard-like Model derived from the orientifold construction, in which the ordinary chiral states are localized at the intersection of branes at angles. In addition to the Standard Model group, there are two additional U(1)' symmetries, one of which has family non-universal and therefore flavor changing couplings, and a quasi-hidden non-abelian sector which becomes strongly coupled above the electroweak scale. The perturbative spectrum contains a fourth family of exotic (SU(2)- singlet) quarks and leptons, in which, however, the left-chiral states have unphysical electric charges. It is argued that these decouple from the low energy spectrum due to hidden sector charge confinement, and that anomaly matching requires the physical left-chiral states to be composites. The model has multiple Higgs doublets and additional exotic states. The moduli-dependent predictions for the gauge couplings are discussed. The strong coupling agrees with experiment for reasonable moduli, but the electroweak couplings are too small.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures
Boundary multi-trace deformations and OPEs in AdS/CFT correspondence
Creators: name: Petkou, A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that multi-trace deformations of the boundary CFT in AdS/CFT correspondence can arise through the OPE of single-trace operators. We work out the example of a scalar field in AdS_5 with cubic self interaction. By an appropriate reparametrization of the boundary data we are able to deform the boundary CFT by a marginal operator that couples to the conformal anomaly. Our method can be used in the analysis of multi-trace deformations in N=4 SYM where the OPEs of various single-trace operators are known.
description: 18 pages, v2 refinements and acknowledgements added
Multicomponent binary spreading process
Creators: name: Odor, Geza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I investigate numerically the phase transitions of two-component generalizations of binary spreading processes in one dimension. In these models pair annihilation: AA->0, BB->0, explicit particle diffusion and binary pair production processes compete with each other. Several versions with spatially different productions have been explored and shown that for the cases: 2A->3A, 2B->3B and 2A->2AB, 2B->2BA a phase transition occurs at zero production rate ($σ=0$), that belongs to the class of N-component, asymmetric branching and annihilating random walks, characterized by the order parameter exponent $β=2$. In the model with particle production: AB->ABA, BA-> BAB a phase transition point can be located at $σ_c=0.3253$ that belongs to the class of the one-component binary spreading processes.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Xanthopimpla punctata
Creators: name: Pham, Nhi Thi
name: Broad, Gavin R.
name: Matsumoto, Rikio
name: Wägele, Wolfgang J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Xanthopimpla
Xanthopimpla punctata

description: The punctata species group
 Diagnosis. Mesoscutum with sparse hairs anteriorly, posteriorly almost hairless; notaulus extending to anterior level of tegula; scutellum convex, lateral flange reaching to apex; propodeum with area superomedia closed, wider than long; fore wing with areolet closed; largest bristles on mid and hind tibia claws weakly widened, pale subapically; ovipositor sheath 1.4–2.4x hind tibia; ovipositor stout, distinct decurved, gradually tapered to apex.
description: Published as part of Pham, Nhi Thi, Broad, Gavin R., Matsumoto, Rikio & Wägele, Wolfgang J., 2011, 3056, pp. 1-67 in Zootaxa 3056 on page 25
SCADA System Testbed for Cybersecurity Research Using Machine Learning Approach
Creators: name: Teixeira, Marcio Andrey
name: Salman, Tara
name: Zolanvari, Maede
name: Jain, Raj
name: Meskin, Nader
name: Samaka, Mohammed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents the development of a Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system testbed used for cybersecurity research. The testbed consists of a water storage tank's control system, which is a stage in the process of water treatment and distribution. Sophisticated cyber-attacks were conducted against the testbed. During the attacks, the network traffic was captured, and features were extracted from the traffic to build a dataset for training and testing different machine learning algorithms. Five traditional machine learning algorithms were trained to detect the attacks: Random Forest, Decision Tree, Logistic Regression, Naive Bayes and KNN. Then, the trained machine learning models were built and deployed in the network, where new tests were made using online network traffic. The performance obtained during the training and testing of the machine learning models was compared to the performance obtained during the online deployment of these models in the network. The results show the efficiency of the machine learning models in detecting the attacks in real time. The testbed provides a good understanding of the effects and consequences of attacks on real SCADA environments
description: E-Preprint
Percolation approach to quark gluon plasma in high energy pp collisions
Creators: name: de Deus, J. Dias
name: Rodrigues, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply continuum percolation to proton-proton collisions and look for the possible threshold to phase transition from confined nuclear matter to quark gluon plasma. Making the assumption that J/Psi suppression is a good signal to the transition, we discuss this phenomenon for pp collisions, in the framework of a dual model with strings.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
NNLM National Evaluation Center Kickoff (Year1)
Creators: name: Carson, Matthew
name: Gonzales, Sara
name: Gutzman, Karen
name: Hertzog, Keith
name: Holmes, Kristi
name: Johnson, Amy
name: Neubauer, Leah
name: Phillips II, Gregory
name: NNLM NEC Collaboration
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Evaluation
NNLM
NNLM NEC

description: NNLM NEC Kickoff presentation for the NNLM staff. resented on June 25, 2021. All NEC leads contributed to this presentation.

This resource is supported by the National Library of Medicine of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number U24LM013751. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
Adaptive methods for PDE's: wavelets or mesh refinement?
Creators: name: Cohen, Albert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65N50, 41A25, 41A46, 42C40

description: Adaptive mesh refinement techniques are nowadays an established and powerful tool for the numerical discretization of PDE's. In recent years, wavelet bases have been proposed as an alternative to these techniques. The main motivation for the use of such bases in this context is their good performances in data compression and the approximation theoretic foundations which allow to analyze and optimize these performances. We shall discuss these theoretical foundations, as well as one of the approaches which has been followed in developing efficient adaptive wavelet solvers. We shall also discuss the similarities and differences between wavelet methods and adaptive mesh refinement.
Ionic analysis of the effect of temperature on dephosphorization capacity of silicate slags
Creators: name: Zhang, Rui
name: Liao, Xiangwei
name: Li, Shixiong
name: Min, Yi
name: Liu, Chengjun
name: Zhang, Ting-an
name: Dou, Zhihe
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Computational Biology

description: In order to the improvement of steel quality and dephosphorization capacity, it is vital to realize the microscopic essence of dephosphorization reaction of the slags. In this work, the temperature dependence of phosphorus distribution ratio and phosphate capacity is discussed with respect to the structure characterized by Raman and MAS-NMR. As the temperature increases from 1550°C to 1600°C, the reduction of Q0(Si) and Q0(P) weakens the formation of the Si–O–Ca–O–P linkages that can stabilize the silicate and phosphate network, which is not conducive to the increase of phosphorus distribution ratio and phosphate capacity. Meanwhile, the slight reduction of NBO/T lowers the activity of O2−, resulting that the hybrid entropy of dephosphorization reaction at 1600°C being slightly greater than that at 1550°C, indicating that the dephosphorization reaction proceeds towards the reverse direction with the increase of temperature.
Xanthopimpla regina Morley 1913
Creators: name: Pham, Nhi Thi
name: Broad, Gavin R.
name: Matsumoto, Rikio
name: Wägele, Wolfgang J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Xanthopimpla
Xanthopimpla regina

description: The regina species group
 Diagnosis. Face nearly always with sublateral vertical ridges on each side; mesoscutum with notaulus short, not extending to anterior level of tegula; scutellum evenly convex to conical, lateral flange reaching to apex; propodeum with area superomedia usually completely bounded by carinae; pleural area with tubercle-like or hill-like in front of spiracle; fore wing with areolet closed; largest bristles on mid and hind tibia claws weakly to distinctly widened, pale to black subapically.
description: Published as part of Pham, Nhi Thi, Broad, Gavin R., Matsumoto, Rikio & Wägele, Wolfgang J., 2011, 3056, pp. 1-67 in Zootaxa 3056 on page 25
Meeting the Growing Challenges of Rural Local Governments
Creators: name: Cigler, Beverly A.
name: Cigler, Beverly A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: Reduced Federal funding and dramatic economic changes during the past decade make it difficult for local governments to meet their increasing responsibilities. Rural governments are especially disadvantaged, due to low population density, fragmentation of efforts, and a reliance on part-time, volunteer public officials. Effective strategies to help rural governments will consider their unique needs during the policy development stage and improve the management capacity of rural officials.
Sustainable Grassland Management: An Exploratory Study of Progressive Ranchers in Nebraska
Creators: name: Kennedy, Stephanie M.
name: Burbach, Mark E.
name: Sliwinski, Maggi S.
name: Kennedy, Stephanie M.
name: Burbach, Mark E.
name: Sliwinski, Maggi S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: grazing
subject: grasslands
subject: ranching
subject: holistic
subject: phenomenology
subject: qualitative research

description: Well-managed grasslands provide numerous ecosystem services. Ranchers who employ sustainable grazing practices limit grassland conversion and conserve critical habitats. This phenomenological study explored the grassland management decisions of progressive ranchers in Nebraska. Each individual interviewed for this study is proactive about the state of their grasslands, whether they are motivated by financial or conservation factors. Throughout the evolution of their businesses, these ranchers have taken steps to improve their management techniques and continue to employ new strategies while planning for the long-term productivity of their grasslands. For policy makers and educators seeking to improve grassland management decisions, demonstrating new methods to be economical, promoting stewardship, and allowing for flexible implementation may increase acceptance of recommendations. Because progressive ranchers’ livelihoods are connected to the land, and they are long-term goal oriented, they closely scrutinize, yet are open to advancing grassland management practices that benefit their cash flow, their pastures, their animals, and their families.
On the Graviton Self Energy in AdS_4
Creators: name: Porrati, Massimo
name: Starinets, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider Einstein gravity coupled to a CFT made of a single free conformal scalar in 4-d Anti de Sitter space. This simple case is rich enough to explain an unexpected gravitational Higgs phenomenon that has no flat-space counterpart, yet simple enough that many calculations can be carried on exactly. Specifically, in this paper we compute the graviton self energy due to matter, and we exhibit its spectral representation. This enables us to find the spin-2 bound-state content of the system.
description: 8 pages, LaTeX
NNLM National Evaluation Center Kickoff
Creators: name: Holmes, Kristi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Evaluation
Open Science
Network

description: NNLM NEC Kickoff presentation for the NNLM staff. resented on June 25, 2021. All NEC leads contributed to this presentation. This work is funded by the National Institutes of Health's National Library of Medicine, grant number U24LM01375.
Xanthopimpla brevicarina Wang 1987
Creators: name: Pham, Nhi Thi
name: Broad, Gavin R.
name: Matsumoto, Rikio
name: Wägele, Wolfgang J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Xanthopimpla
Xanthopimpla brevicarina

description: Xanthopimpla brevicarina Wang, 1987
 Xanthopimpla brevicarina Wang, 1987. Acta Entomologica Sinica, 30 (3): 328. Holotype: ♀, China: Ningming Co. Guangxi, (IZCAS).
 Diagnosis. Black marks present on posterior 0.7 of mesoscutum; tergite 3 sparse punctures; hind trochanter, tergites 2 and 6 entirely yellow; ovipositor sheath 0.65x hind tibia.
 Distribution: Described from China (Wang 1987), this is the first record of X. brevicatina Wang from Vietnam (Fig. 23). Vietnamese specimens were identified by comparison with the original description.
 Material examined. Ninh Binh, Cuc Phuong NP: 1♀ (OMNH), 200–300 m a.s.l, 24.iv.1998; 1♀ (OMNH), same locality, 26.iv.1998, R. Matsumoto leg.; Ha Noi, Gia Lam, Da Ton: 1♀ (IEBR), 02–14.vii.2001, L. D. Khuat leg.
description: Published as part of Pham, Nhi Thi, Broad, Gavin R., Matsumoto, Rikio & Wägele, Wolfgang J., 2011, 3056, pp. 1-67 in Zootaxa 3056 on page 26
Plasma Phospholipid Fatty Acids, FADS1 and Risk of 15 Cardiovascular Diseases: A Mendelian Randomisation Study
Creators: name: Yuan, Shuai
name: Bäck, Magnus
name: Bruzelius, Maria
name: Mason, Amy M.
name: Burgess, Stephen
name: Larsson, Susanna
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: cardiovascular disease
?5-desaturase
diet
FADS
fatty acids
Mendelian randomisation

description: Whether circulating fatty acids (FAs) play a causal role in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains unclear. We conducted a Mendelian randomisation study to explore the associations between plasma phospholipid FA levels and 15 CVDs. Summary-level data from the CARDIoGRAMplusC4D, MEGASTROKE, and Atrial Fibrillation consortia and UK Biobank were used. Sixteen single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with ten plasma FAs were used as instrumental variables. SNPs in or close to the FADS1 gene were associated with most FAs. We performed a secondary analysis of the association between a functional variant (rs174547) in FADS1, which encodes ?5-desaturase (a key enzyme in the endogenous FA synthesis), and CVD. Genetic predisposition to higher plasma α-linolenic, linoleic, and oleic acid levels was associated with lower odds of large-artery stroke and venous thromboembolism, whereas higher arachidonic and stearic acid levels were associated with higher odds of these two CVDs. The associations were driven by SNPs in or close to FADS1. In the secondary analysis, the minor allele of rs174547 in FADS1 was associated with significantly lower odds of any ischemic stroke, large-artery stroke, and venous thromboembolism and showed suggestive evidence of inverse association with coronary artery disease, abdominal aortic aneurysm and aortic valve stenosis. Genetically higher plasma α-linolenic, linoleic, and oleic acid levels are inversely associated with large-artery stroke and venous thromboembolism, whereas arachidonic and stearic acid levels are positively associated with these CVDs. The associations were driven by FADS1, which was also associated with other CVDs.
Additional file 1 of The effects of nudging and pricing on healthy food purchasing behavior in a virtual supermarket setting: a randomized experiment
Creators: name: Hoenink, Jody C.
name: Mackenbach, Joreintje D.
name: Waterlander, Wilma
name: Lakerveld, Jeroen
name: van der Laan, Nynke
name: Beulens, Joline W. J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Photometric imaging with the solar gravitational lens
Creators: name: Turyshev, Slava G.
name: Toth, Viktor T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the optical properties of the solar gravitational lens (SGL). We estimate the power of the EM field received by an imaging telescope. Studying the behavior of the EM field at the photometric detector, we develop expressions that describe the received power from a point source as well as from an extended resolved source. We model the source as a disk with uniform surface brightness and study the contribution of blur to a particular image pixel. To describe this process, we develop expressions describing the power received from the directly imaged region of the exoplanet, from the rest of the exoplanet and also the power for off-image pointing. We study the SGL's amplification and its angular resolution in the case of observing an extended source with a modest size telescope. The results can be applied to direct imaging of exoplanets using the SGL.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Mobile Money, Agricultural Marketing, and Off-Farm Income in Uganda
Creators: name: Sekabira, Haruna
name: Qaim, Matin
name: Sekabira, Haruna
name: Qaim, Matin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: mobile phones
subject: rural banking
subject: smallholder farmers
subject: impact evaluation
subject: Africa

description: Mobile money (MM) services can contribute to welfare gains in smallholder farm households. Previous research showed that one important pathway is through higher remittances received from relatives and friends. Here, the role of other impact pathways is examined, especially focusing on agricultural marketing and off-farm economic activities. The analysis builds on panel data from smallholder coffee farmers in Uganda. Regression models show that the adoption of MM technology has contributed to higher household incomes and consumption levels. Off-farm income gains are identified to be an important pathway, also beyond remittances. Typical off-farm income sources are small businesses in trade, transport, and handicrafts, which benefit from novel savings and money transfer opportunities through MM. In terms of agricultural marketing, MM users sell a larger proportion of their coffee as shelled beans to buyers in high-value markets, instead of selling to local traders immediately after harvest. MM services help reduce cash constraints and facilitate transactions with buyers from outside local regions. In conclusion, MM can contribute to rural development through various important pathways. Analysis of adoption patterns suggests that MM services are socially inclusive.
Hard core particle exclusion effects in low dimensional non-equilibrium phase transitions
Creators: name: Odor, Geza
name: Menyhard, Nora
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the currently known universality classes of continuous phase transitions to absorbing states in nonequilibrium systems and present results of simulations and arguments to show how the blockades introduced by different particle species in one dimension cause new robust classes. Results of investigations on the dynamic scaling behavior of some bosonic spreading models are reported.
description: New section added about simulation results of some one component bosonic spreading processes. Proc. of LAWNP01 Cocoyoc Mexico 2001. 13 pages 3 figures
Energy Efficient Transmission Based on Grouped Spatial Modulation for upstream DSL Systems
Creators: name: Zhang, Jiankang
name: Xu, Chao
name: Bai, Tong
name: Wang, Fasong
name: Zhong, Shida
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The digital Subscriber Line (DSL) remains an important component of heterogeneous networking, especially in historic city-centers, where using optical fibre is less realistic. Recently, the power consumption has become an important performance metric in telecommunication due to the associated environmental issues. In the recent bonding model, customer sites have been equipped with two/four copper pairs, which may be exploited for designing grouped spatial modulation (SM) aiming for reducing the power consumption and mitigating the stubborn crosstalk in DSL communications. Explicitly, we view the two pair copper pairs equipped for each user as a group and propose an energy efficient transmission scheme based on grouped SM strategy for the upstream DSL systems, which is capable of reducing the power consumption of the upstream transmitters by activating a single copper line of each user. More especially, in order to compensate for the potential bit-rate reduction imposed by reducing the number of activated lines, the proposed scheme implicitly delivers ``virtual bits" via activating/deactivating the lines in addition to the classic modulation scheme. This is particularly beneficial in the DSL context, because the cross-talk imposed by activating several lines may swamp the desired signal. Furthermore, a pair of near-optimal soft turbo detection schemes are proposed for exploiting the unique properties of the DSL channel in order to eliminate the error propagation problem of SM detection routinely encountered in wireless channels. Both the attainable energy-efficiency and the achievable Bit Error Ratio (BER) are investigated. Our simulation results demonstrate that the proposed group-based SM is capable of outperforming the vectoring scheme both in terms of its energy efficiency for all the examined loop lengths and transmit powers.
description: 14 pages, 15 figures
Liquid Crystal-Based Enclosed Coplanar Waveguide Phase Shifter for 54–66 GHz Applications
Creators: name: Li, Jinfeng
name: Chu, Daping
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: liquid crystal
millimeter-wave
phase shifter
enclosed coplanar waveguide
60 GHz
tunable circuits and devices
true time delay

description: A 0−10 V bias voltage-driven liquid crystal (LC) based 0°−180° continuously variable phase shifter was designed, fabricated, and measured with insertion loss less than −4 dB across the spectrum from 54 GHz to 66 GHz. The phase shifter was structured in an enclosed coplanar waveguide (ECPW) with LC as tunable dielectrics encapsulated by a unified ground plate in the design, which significantly reduced the instability due to floating effects and losses due to stray modes. By competing for spatial volume distribution of the millimeter-wave signal occupying lossy tunable dielectrics versus low-loss but non-tunable dielectrics, the ECPW’s geometry and materials are optimized to minimize the total of dielectric volumetric loss and metallic surface loss for a fixed phase-tuning range. The optimized LC-based ECPW was impedance matched with 1.85 mm connectors by the time domain reflectometry (TDR) method. Device fabrication featured the use of rolled annealed copper foil of lowest surface roughness with nickel-free gold-plating of optimal thickness. Measured from 54 GHz to 66 GHz, the phase shifter prototype presented a tangible improvement in phase shift effectiveness and signal-to-noise ratio, while exhibiting lower insertion and return losses, more ease of control, and high linearity as well as lower-cost fabrication as compared with up-to-date documentations targeting 60 GHz applications.
The equivariant coarse Novikov conjecture and coarse embedding
Creators: name: Fu, Benyin
name: Wang, Xianjin
name: Yu, Guoliang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The equivariant coarse Novikov conjecture provides an algorithm for determining nonvanishing of equivariant higher index of elliptic differential operators on noncompact manifolds. In this article, we prove the equivariant coarse Novikov conjecture under certain coarse embeddability conditions. More precisely, if a discrete group $Γ$ acts on a bounded geometric space $X$ properly, isometrically, and with bounded distortion, $X/Γ$ and $Γ$ admit coarse embeddings into Hilbert space, then the $Γ$-equivariant coarse Novikov conjecture holds for $X$. Here bounded distortion means that for any $γ\inΓ$, $\sup_{x\in Y} d(γx,x)
Helicity analysis of the decays B --> K^* ell^+ ell^- and B --> rho ell nu_ell in the large Energy Effective Theory
Creators: name: Ali, Ahmed
name: Safir, A. Salim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the independent helicity amplitudes in the decays B --> K^* ell^+ ell^- and B --> rho ell nu_ell in the so-called Large-Energy-Effective-Theory (LEET). Taking into account the dominant O(alpha_s) and SU(3) symmetry-breaking effects, we calculate various Dalitz distributions in these decays making use of the presently available data and decay form factors calculated in the QCD sum rule approach. Differential decay rates in the dilepton invariant mass and the Forward-Backward asymmetry in B --> K^* ell^+ ell^- are worked out. We also present the decay amplitudes in the transversity basis which has been used in the analysis of data on the resonant decay B --> K^* J/psi (--> ell^+ ell^-). Measurements of the ratios R_i(s) equivalent to d Gamma_{H_i}(s)(B --> K^* ell^+ ell^-)/ d Gamma_{H_i}(s)(B --> rho ell nu_ell), involving the helicity amplitudes H_i(s), i = 0,+1, -1, as precision tests of the standard model in semileptonic rare B-decays are emphasized. We argue that R_0(s) and R_{-}(s) can be used to determine the CKM ratio |V_{ub}|/|V_{ts}| and search for new physics, where the later is illustrated by supersymmetry.
description: 42 pages, 30 figures (requires epsfig,psfrag), corrected sections 6 and 7, compared the results with data and other model estimates, added several references
Novel and Rare Fusion Transcripts Involving Transcription Factors and Tumor Suppressor Genes in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Creators: name: Padella
name: Simonetti
name: Paciello
name: Giotopoulos
name: Baldazzi
name: Righi
name: Ghetti
name: Stengel
name: Guadagnuolo
name: De Tommaso,
name: Papayannidis
name: Robustelli
name: Franchini
name: Rorà
name: Ferrari
name: , Fontana
name: , Bruno
name: Ottaviani
name: Soverini
name: Storlazzi
name: Haferlach
name: Sabattini
name: Testoni
name: Iacobucci
name: Huntly
name: Ficarra
name: Martinelli
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: acute myeloid leukemia
rare fusion genes
ZEB2-BCL11B

description: Approximately 18% of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cases express a fusion transcript. However, few fusions are recurrent across AML and the identification of these rare chimeras is of interest to characterize AML patients. Here, we studied the transcriptome of 8 adult AML patients with poorly described chromosomal translocation(s), with the aim of identifying novel and rare fusion transcripts. We integrated RNA-sequencing data with multiple approaches including computational analysis, Sanger sequencing, fluorescence in situ hybridization and in vitro studies to assess the oncogenic potential of the ZEB2-BCL11B chimera. We detected 7 different fusions with partner genes involving transcription factors (OAZ-MAFK, ZEB2-BCL11B), tumor suppressors (SAV1-GYPB, PUF60-TYW1, CNOT2-WT1) and rearrangements associated with the loss of NF1 (CPD-PXT1, UTP6-CRLF3). Notably, ZEB2-BCL11B rearrangements co-occurred with FLT3 mutations and were associated with a poorly differentiated or mixed phenotype leukemia. Although the fusion alone did not transform murine c-Kit+ bone marrow cells, 45.4% of 14q32 non-rearranged AML cases were also BCL11B-positive, suggesting a more general and complex mechanism of leukemogenesis associated with BCL11B expression. Overall, by combining different approaches, we described rare fusion events contributing to the complexity of AML and we linked the expression of some chimeras to genomic alterations hitting known genes in AML.
Private Sustainability Standards in the Ugandan Coffee Sector: Empty Promises or Catalysts for Development?
Creators: name: AKOYI, Kevin Teopista
name: MAERTENS, Miet
name: AKOYI, Kevin Teopista
name: MAERTENS, Miet
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Development
subject: Production Economics
subject: Coffee certification
subject: Private sustainability standards
subject: Global value chains
subject: Poverty reduction
subject: Smallholder farmers
subject: Uganda

description: In this paper we investigate whether private sustainability standards in the coffee sector in Uganda live up to the promises they make to consumers to improve the welfare and productivity of smallholder farmers. We use cross-sectional household survey data from Eastern Uganda and instrumental variable methods to reveal how participation in two different coffee certification schemes affects smallholders. We find that smallholder participation in a double Fairtrade - Organic certification scheme neither increases producer income, nor reduces poverty. While certified producers do receive higher coffee prices, the certificate results in lower land and labour productivity and the price premium does not compensate for that. For participation in a triple Utz - Rainforest Alliance - 4C certification scheme, we find increases in coffee income, in land and labour productivity but no significant impact on poverty reduction. The results imply that almost a decade after their introduction, the certification schemes have failed to contribute to poverty reduction in a region that is faced with a high incidence of poverty. The results indicate that a price premium to producers is neither necessary, nor sufficient, for private sustainability standards to contribute to rural incomes, and that yields are more important than prices in increasing net returns to coffee farmers. In areas with degraded soils and low average yields, FT certification focusing on fair producer prices, might be better for smallholder coffee farmers when combined with standards that focus on good agricultural practices and productivity growth, such as Utz, than when combined with Organic standards. The results put doubt on the sincerity of private sustainability standards and the justification of the price premium consumers pay for certified products, as standards may not always live up to the expectations they create.
description: An updated version of this working paper is published as: Akoyi, K.T., Maertens, M. (2017) Walk the Talk: Private Sustainability Standards in the Ugandan Coffee Sector, The Journal of Development Studies, DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2017.1327663
Do Mutations Turn p53 into an Oncogene?
Creators: name: Pitolli, Consuelo
name: Wang, Ying
name: Mancini, Mara
name: Shi, Yufang
name: Melino, Gerry
name: Amelio, Ivano
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: TP53
mutant TP53
gain of function
oncogenic

description: The key role of p53 as a tumor suppressor became clear when it was realized that this gene is mutated in 50% of human sporadic cancers, and germline mutations expose carriers to cancer risk throughout their lifespan. Mutations in this gene not only abolish the tumor suppressive functions of p53, but also equip the protein with new pro-oncogenic functions. Here, we review the mechanisms by which these new functions gained by p53 mutants promote tumorigenesis.