cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Efficient fluctuation exchange approach to low-temperature spin fluctuations and superconductivity: from the Hubbard model to Na$_x$CoO$_2\cdot y$H$_2$O
Creators: name: Witt, Niklas
name: van Loon, Erik G. C. P.
name: Nomoto, Takuya
name: Arita, Ryotaro
name: Wehling, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconductivity arises mostly at energy and temperature scales that are much smaller than the typical bare electronic energies. Since the computational effort of diagrammatic many-body techniques increases with the number of required Matsubara frequencies and thus with the inverse temperature, phase transitions that occur at low temperatures are typically hard to address numerically. In this work, we implement a fluctuation exchange (FLEX) approach to spin fluctuations and superconductivity using the "intermediate representation basis" (IR) [Shinaoka et al., PRB 96, 2017] for Matsubara Green functions. This FLEX+IR approach is numerically very efficient and enables us to reach temperatures on the order of $10^{-4}$ in units of the electronic band width in multi-orbital systems. After benchmarking the method in the doped repulsive Hubbard model on the square lattice, we study the possibility of spin-fluctuation-mediated superconductivity in the hydrated sodium cobalt material Na$_x$CoO$_2\cdot y$H$_2$O reaching the scale of the experimental transition temperature $T_{\mathrm{c}}=4.5$ K and below.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, includes last revisions to the manuscript
Simulating Higher-Order Topological Insulators in Density Wave Insulators
Creators: name: Lin, Kuan-Sen
name: Bradlyn, Barry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the discovery of the Harper-Hofstadter model, it has been known that condensed matter systems with periodic modulations can be promoted to non-trivial topological states with emergent gauge fields in higher dimensions. In this work, we develop a general procedure to compute the gauge fields in higher dimensions associated to low-dimensional systems with periodic (charge- and spin-) density wave modulations. We construct two-dimensional (2D) models with modulations that can be promoted to higher-order topological phases with $U(1)$ and $SU(2)$ gauge fields in 3D. Corner modes in our 2D models can be pumped by adiabatic sliding of the phase of the modulation, yielding hinge modes in the promoted models. We also examine a 3D Weyl semimetal (WSM) gapped by charge-density wave (CDW) order, possessing quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) surface states. We show that this 3D system is equivalent to a 4D nodal line system gapped by a $U(1)$ gauge field with a nonzero second Chern number. We explain the recently identified interpolation between inversion-symmetry protected phases of the 3D WSM gapped by CDWs using the corresponding 4D theory. Our results can extend the search for (higher-order) topological states in higher dimensions to density wave systems.
description: v2: approximately published version, fixed typos and references, and added extensions to arbitrary orbital positions. 21+37 pages, 5+10 figures. v1: 20+33 pages, 5+10 figures
Orientations to parenting: factors that facilitate parents doing their best
Creators: name: Passmore, George
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Despite the volumes of literature compiled on the study of parenting, there has been little qualitative research conducted from parents' points of view to investigate the processes that enable parents to do their best. The aim of this study was to explore what helps parents orient to their roles and their children. Orientation was proposed as a holistic construct that guides parents in their approaches and organizes the experience of being a parent and which can be viewed as a serving a function of maintaining an equilibrium for parents. The processes and factors that facilitate orientation were examined using Flanagan's Critical Incident Technique (1954) in two contexts: a) when parents are close to being the types of parents they wish to be, what is helping them to sustain their orientations to their roles, and b) when parents are off track and struggling in their roles, what helps them to make a shift in their orientations or return to their initial, preferred orientations. 271 critical incidents were collected from interviews with ten parents and fifteen categories of incidents emerged. These categories were organized into six groups: a) the supportive presence of other adults/parents, b) understanding the parenting endeavor, c) reflecting on self in role, d) emotional processing, e) actively establishing the desired parent-child dynamics, and f) spirituality. The findings of this study add to the literature on parenting by describing, in the voice of parents' experience, how parents maintain an equilibrium, in which they stay on track with their childrearing, and how they return to equilibrium when they have experienced disorientation in their parental roles. These categories provide clues to what factors support a sustained parenting style (Baumrind, 1967,1973,1995) and add a richness and holism to the research on the determinants of parenting (Belsky, 1984,1993). They argue for counsellors and parent educators to go beyond a focus on informing parents about child development and the behavioural performance of parenting strategies, and to attend to the processes that orient parents if they are to truly help struggling parents to maintain a shift in their childrearing. These and other implications for future research and practice are detailed.
Additional file 1 of Initial inpatient management of adolescents and young adults admitted with severe malnutrition due to anorexia nervosa: protocol for a systematic review
Creators: name: Proulx-Cabana, Stéphanie
name: Taddeo, Danielle
name: Jamoulle, Olivier
name: Jean-Yves Frappier
name: Tremblay-Racine, Fannie
name: Stheneur, Chantal
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Undergraduate case based discussions: Not just a tick-box exercise
Creators: name: Balmer, Rowan
name: Fernyhough, Catrin
name: Macavei, Vladimir
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2024

description: Background



Case based discussions (CbDs) are a participant-led teaching initiative, involving a structured discussion of a clinical case with a trainer, focussing on clinical reasoning and personalised feedback.



Undergraduate medical students at Queen Mary University of London are required to complete numerous CbDs throughout their degree. The large number of CbDs needing to be completed, risks diminishing their value to just a box-ticking exercise. Most CbDs completed by the students are ad hoc conversations with a junior doctor in the clinical environment. Students report that there is considerable variability in the quality and duration of every CbD. We aimed to improve these learning events by introducing a 'Case Based Discussion Clinic' (CbDC) at Newham University Hospital (NUH). This was a dedicated time and space for students to complete CbDs.



Summary of Work



We implemented the CbDC for 3rd year undergraduate medical students on placement at NUH in Autumn 2023. The clinic consisted of one-to-one 30 minute appointments in a non-clinical area with a post FY2 clinician. 28 students attended and completed anonymous feedback forms.



Summary of Results



96.4% of students reported that the CbDC was more beneficial than their previous CbD experiences. 25% of students reported that they had never received feedback on the wards despite all reporting they had completed a previous CbD. In the CbDC, 100% of the students reported they received personalised feedback.



In anticipation of attending the CbDC, 57.1% of students spent more time on the ward and 64.3% spoke to more patients than they would have otherwise.



Discussion and Conclusion



The feedback suggests that a designated time and space for completing a CbD may create a more beneficial learning experience and ensure the student receives personalised feedback. In addition, results suggest the CbDC resulted in an increase in students' exposure to patients in the clinical environment. The CbDC was also an opportunity to identify students who needed further academic or pastoral support.



The feedback suggests that a designated time and space for completing a CbD may create a more beneficial learning experience and ensure the student receives personalised feedback. In addition, results suggest the CbDC resulted in an increase in students' exposure to patients in the clinical environment. The CbDC was also an opportunity to identify students who needed further academic or pastoral support.



Take Home Message



CbDs are a major component of postgraduate training. Therefore, establishing CbD as a valuable learning tool early in their career, with an initiative such as the CbDC, we can begin to move away from the view of CbDs as a tick-box exercise.
Additional file 2 of Initial inpatient management of adolescents and young adults admitted with severe malnutrition due to anorexia nervosa: protocol for a systematic review
Creators: name: Proulx-Cabana, Stéphanie
name: Taddeo, Danielle
name: Jamoulle, Olivier
name: Jean-Yves Frappier
name: Tremblay-Racine, Fannie
name: Stheneur, Chantal
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2.
The efficacy of utilizing real patients and standardized patients in simulated online consultations
Creators: name: Chia-Chang Huang
name: Yang, Ying-Ying
name: Jen-Feng Liang
name: Chen-Huan Chen
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2024

description: Background:

The evolving medical education paradigm emphasizes patient-centered approaches, integrating real patients into clinical teaching. Despite this, students face limited patient engagement before hospital rotations. To address this, the Faculty of Medicine at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University introduced a Basic Clinical Skills (BCS) course, covering history taking, examinations, communication, record writing, lab tests, and image interpretation. With COVID-19, teaching shifted online, and for in-person BCS sessions, small groups ensured safety. Simulated online consultations, involving real and standardized patients, were introduced. This study explores the effectiveness of utilizing both in simulated online BCS training.



Summary of work:

The comprehensive study involves recruiting and training three real patients and three standardized patients by three real patients' scenarios, conducting preliminary trials with three 4th-year medical students, six tutors, three real patients and three standardized patients, and exploring perspectives through surveys, focus group discussions, and interviews. Furthermore, the research assesses the performance of both real and standardized patients using a "Standardized Patient Milestone Assessment Feedback System". 



Summary of Results:

1. Proficiency in medical history, physical exams, and communication crucial for online consultations.

2. Real and standardized patients enhance learning with insights, empathy, and valuable feedback.

3. Online consultations effective in specific circumstances but can't fully replace face-to-face interactions.

4. Adaptation is vital, with attention to camera angles and lighting.

5. Lesson plans aim for innovative teaching methods to enhance learning outcomes and improve medical interactions.

.

Discussion and conclusion

This summary emphasizes the importance of proficiency in medical skills for online consultations. It highlights the valuable contributions of both real and standardized patients to student learning. While online consultations are effective in certain situations, they cannot entirely replace face-to-face interactions. Adaptation, consideration of technical aspects, and innovative teaching methods are essential for enhancing learning outcomes and improving medical interactions.

Take Home Message

1. Simulated online consultations: better medical history, weaker physical exams in research group.

2. Real and standardized patients enhance empathy and competency.

3. Video consultations effective selectively; camera settings and lighting crucial.

4. Real patients may need practical experience for optimal online performance.

5. Recommendations: targeted case selection, creative teaching methods for enhanced learning outcomes.
Numerical investigation of minimum drag profiles in laminar flow using deep learning surrogates
Creators: name: Chen, Li-Wei
name: Cakal, Berkay Alp
name: Hu, Xiangyu
name: Thuerey, Nils
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Efficiently predicting the flowfield and load in aerodynamic shape optimisation remains a highly challenging and relevant task. Deep learning methods have been of particular interest for such problems, due to their success for solving inverse problems in other fields. In the present study, U-net based deep neural network (DNN) models are trained with high-fidelity datasets to infer flow fields, and then employed as surrogate models to carry out the shape optimisation problem, i.e. to find a drag minimal profile with a fixed cross-section area subjected to a two-dimensional steady laminar flow. A level-set method as well as Bezier-curve method are used to parameterise the shape, while trained neural networks in conjunction with automatic differentiation are utilized to calculate the gradient flow in the optimisation framework. The optimised shapes and drag force values calculated from the flowfields predicted by DNN models agree well with reference data obtained via a Navier-Stokes solver and from the literature, which demonstrates that the DNN models are capable of predicting not only flowfield but also yield satisfactory aerodynamic forces. This is particularly promising as the DNNs were not specifically trained to infer aerodynamic forces. In conjunction with the fast runtime, the DNN-based optimisation framework shows promise for general aerodynamic design problems.
The experience of neurodiverse students within the health professions education. A scoping review
Creators: name: Ibrahim, Noha
name: Bashir, Ahmad Y.
name: McCarthy, Geraldine
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2024

description: This abstract presents a scoping review examining the available evidence and identifying gaps related to the experiences of neurodiverse students (with neurominority conditions) in Health Professions Education (HPE). It focuses on their interactions with institutions, educators, and peers within the HPE environment. The review findings indicate a need for further research into the experiences of neuro-minority students in HPE. This abstract is subject to revision as data collection continues, with plans to assign a separate DOI upon full publication of the review article.
FINANCING FARMLAND PRESERVATION: THE TWIN CITIES METROPOLITAN AREA EXPERIENCE
Creators: name: Greden, Leah R.
name: Taff, Steven J.
name: Greden, Leah R.
name: Taff, Steven J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: Two farmland protection programs in the Twin Cities (Minnesota) Metropolitan Area--Green Acres and Agricultural Preserves-- together enrolled 608,331 acres in 1992. The principal financing tool was a provision common to both programs under which participating landowners paid reduced property taxes in exchange for certain non- development assurances. The resulting shift in property tax obligations to other taxpayers amounted to $7.6 million for the 1993 tax year, an average shift of $12.50 per enrolled acre. Annual per- acre tax reductions across localities ranged from zero to $933.
Classifying boundary conditions in JT gravity: from energy-branes to $α$-branes
Creators: name: Goel, Akash
name: Iliesiu, Luca V.
name: Kruthoff, Jorrit
name: Yang, Zhenbin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We classify the possible boundary conditions in JT gravity and discuss their exact quantization. Each boundary condition that we study will reveal new features in JT gravity related to its matrix integral interpretation, its factorization properties and ensemble averaging interpretation, the definition of the theory at finite cutoff, its relation to the physics of near-extremal black holes and, finally, its role as a two-dimensional model of cosmology.
description: 65 pages, 6 figures; v2: published version
Scalable Optical Learning Operator
Creators: name: Teğin, Uğur
name: Yıldırım, Mustafa
name: Oğuz, İlker
name: Moser, Christophe
name: Psaltis, Demetri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Today's heavy machine learning tasks are fueled by large datasets. Computing is performed with power hungry processors whose performance is ultimately limited by the data transfer to and from memory. Optics is one of the powerful means of communicating and processing information and there is intense current interest in optical information processing for realizing high-speed computations. Here we present and experimentally demonstrate an optical computing framework based on spatiotemporal effects in multimode fibers for a range of learning tasks from classifying COVID-19 X-ray lung images and speech recognition to predicting age from face images. The presented framework overcomes the energy scaling problem of existing systems without compromising speed. We leveraged simultaneous, linear, and nonlinear interaction of spatial modes as a computation engine. We numerically and experimentally showed the ability of the method to execute several different tasks with accuracy comparable to a digital implementation.
description: Main text: 18 pages, 7 figures. Supplementary material: 13 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables
Additional file 1 of A novel nonsense variant of the AGXT identified in a Chinese family: special variant research in the Chinese reference genome
Creators: name: Xu, Chang Bao
name: Zhou, Xu Dong
name: Xu, Hong En
name: Zhao, Yong Li
name: Zhao, Xing Hua
name: Liu, Dan Hua
name: Tian, Yong An
name: Hu, Xin Xin
name: Guan, Jing Yuan
name: Guo, Jian Cheng
name: Tang, Wen Xue
name: Xue, Xia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Figure 1. Infrared spectroscopy of the sediments revealed the crystal as calcium oxalate monohydrate. An automatic infrared spectrum analysis system, LIIR-20 (approved by the Chinese FDA), was used in this study. T%, absorption frequency; WN, wavenumber.
RGBT Tracking via Multi-Adapter Network with Hierarchical Divergence Loss
Creators: name: Lu, Andong
name: Li, Chenglong
name: Yan, Yuqing
name: Tang, Jin
name: Luo, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: RGBT tracking has attracted increasing attention since RGB and thermal infrared data have strong complementary advantages, which could make trackers all-day and all-weather work. However, how to effectively represent RGBT data for visual tracking remains unstudied well. Existing works usually focus on extracting modality-shared or modality-specific information, but the potentials of these two cues are not well explored and exploited in RGBT tracking. In this paper, we propose a novel multi-adapter network to jointly perform modality-shared, modality-specific and instance-aware target representation learning for RGBT tracking. To this end, we design three kinds of adapters within an end-to-end deep learning framework. In specific, we use the modified VGG-M as the generality adapter to extract the modality-shared target representations.To extract the modality-specific features while reducing the computational complexity, we design a modality adapter, which adds a small block to the generality adapter in each layer and each modality in a parallel manner. Such a design could learn multilevel modality-specific representations with a modest number of parameters as the vast majority of parameters are shared with the generality adapter. We also design instance adapter to capture the appearance properties and temporal variations of a certain target. Moreover, to enhance the shared and specific features, we employ the loss of multiple kernel maximum mean discrepancy to measure the distribution divergence of different modal features and integrate it into each layer for more robust representation learning. Extensive experiments on two RGBT tracking benchmark datasets demonstrate the outstanding performance of the proposed tracker against the state-of-the-art methods.
description: Accepted by IEEE TIP
Local master equations bypass the secular approximation
Creators: name: Scali, Stefano
name: Anders, Janet
name: Correa, Luis A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Master equations are a vital tool to model heat flow through nanoscale thermodynamic systems. Most practical devices are made up of interacting sub-system, and are often modelled using either local master equations (LMEs) or global master equations (GMEs). While the limiting cases in which either the LME or the GME breaks down are well understood, there exists a 'grey area' in which both equations capture steady-state heat currents reliably, but predict very different transient heat flows. In such cases, which one should we trust? Here, we show that, when it comes to dynamics, the local approach can be more reliable than the global one for weakly interacting open quantum systems. This is due to the fact that the secular approximation, which underpins the GME, can destroy key dynamical features. To illustrate this, we consider a minimal transport setup and show that its LME displays exceptional points (EPs). These singularities have been observed in a superconducting-circuit realisation of the model [1]. However, in stark contrast to experimental evidence, no EPs appear within the global approach. We then show that the EPs are a feature built into the Redfield equation, which is more accurate than the LME and the GME. Finally, we show that the local approach emerges as the weak-interaction limit of the Redfield equation, and that it entirely avoids the secular approximation.
description: 24 pages, 3 figures
SUSTAINABLE GROWTH IN AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION: POETRY, POLICY AND SCIENCE
Creators: name: Ruttan, Vernon W.
name: Ruttan, Vernon W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
International Development

description: In this paper I review the evolution of the sustainability concept. This is followed by a description of three "classical" systems of sustainable agriculture. None of these systems were or are capable of generating growth of output consistent with modern rates of growth in demand. I then turn to three unresolved analytical issues that continue to divide the conventional resource economics and the sustainable development communities. In a closing section I argue sustainable growth in agricultural production should be viewed as a research agenda rather than as a package of practices that is available to producers whether in developed or developing countries.
Higgs mode mediated enhancement of interlayer transport in high-$T_c$ cuprate superconductors
Creators: name: Homann, Guido
name: Cosme, Jayson G.
name: Okamoto, Junichi
name: Mathey, Ludwig
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We put forth a mechanism for enhancing the interlayer transport in cuprate superconductors, by optically driving plasmonic excitations along the $c$ axis with a frequency that is blue-detuned from the Higgs frequency. The plasmonic excitations induce a collective oscillation of the Higgs field which induces a parametric enhancement of the superconducting response, as we demonstrate with a minimal analytical model. Furthermore, we perform simulations of a particle-hole symmetric $U(1)$ lattice gauge theory and find good agreement with our analytical prediction. We map out the renormalization of the interlayer coupling as a function of the parameters of the optical field and demonstrate that the Higgs mode mediated enhancement can be larger than $50\%$.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures + Supplemental Material
Additional file 3 of A novel nonsense variant of the AGXT identified in a Chinese family: special variant research in the Chinese reference genome
Creators: name: Xu, Chang Bao
name: Zhou, Xu Dong
name: Xu, Hong En
name: Zhao, Yong Li
name: Zhao, Xing Hua
name: Liu, Dan Hua
name: Tian, Yong An
name: Hu, Xin Xin
name: Guan, Jing Yuan
name: Guo, Jian Cheng
name: Tang, Wen Xue
name: Xue, Xia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Supplementary Table 2. The pathogenicity classification of the AGXT mutations.
NET SOCIAL PROFITABILITY AND DOMESTIC RESOURCE COST OF EIGHT AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES IN THAILAND
Creators: name: Lokaphadhana, Tipaporn
name: Welsch, Delane E.
name: Lokaphadhana, Tipaporn
name: Welsch, Delane E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1982
Subjects: Productivity Analysis

description: The main purpose of this study is to measure, among commodities and among agro-economic zones, the economic efficiency and the real cost of earning foreign exchange through producing and exporting eight selected commodities by using the concepts of social profitability and domestic resource cost. The eight selected commodities are namely: rice, sugar cane, maize, cassava root, kenaf, mung beans, ground nuts and soybeans. The interaction between economic efficiency and government intervention in the external trade of these commodities will also be examined. The period included in the study will be 1977/78, 1978/79, 1979/80 and 1980/81 crop years.
Schmitt, Hugo: Demokratische Lebensform und religiöses Sendungsbewusstsein
Creators: name: Ringeling, Hermann
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 25 Nr. 3 (1976): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 25, Heft 3
THE CHANGING POLISH FOOD CONSUMER
Creators: name: Sznajder, Michal
name: Senauer, Benjamin
name: Sznajder, Michal
name: Senauer, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
Health Economics and Policy

description: This paper provides an overview of major demographic and food trends in Poland and the rapid changes in Polish food retailing. The demographic changes include the size of the population; birth, death, marriage and divorce rates; the age distribution, education and household types. Two important demographic factors that will affect food consumption are the aging population and the major gap in education between urban and rural areas. In the next 20 years, the number of children will decrease radically, whereas the number of people over 64 years of age will rise significantly. Education levels are much lower in rural than in urban areas. The average household budget share for food was 44.6% in 1988. It reached 55.3% in 1990 at the beginning of the transition to a market economy and fell to 37.8% in 1996. Under central planning, consumers had to adjust to what was made available. There was a limited assortment of goods and many people relied on home-produced food. Since 1989 and the transition to a market economy, food consumption patterns have undergone some substantial changes. Butter consumption has fallen sharply, while plant fat consumption has increased with the introduction of high quality margarine. The change from central planning to a market economy has had a major impact on food retailing. U.S. fast food companies, such as McDonald's, have opened numerous outlets in Poland during the 1990s. Fast food is very popular, especially among young Poles. Under central planning, three government-owned chains dominated grocery retailing in Poland. The food marketing system was producer, not consumer driven. When the right to own private businesses was restored, many new food retailing stores were opened. In 1996, final sales by food retailing stores in Poland were about $100 billion. A large portion of the sales is by small shops. However, foreign-owned grocery retailers have been expanding in Poland and had sales of $5 billion in 1997. The foreign-owned chains open larger stores, supermarkets and even hypermarkets. Many of the major Western European food retailers are now operating in Poland, such as Ahold, a big Dutch company, and Tengelman, a large German company.
SHELF LABELING OF ORGANIC FOODS: EFFECTS ON CUSTOMER PERCEPTIONS AND SALES
Creators: name: Reicks, Marla
name: Splett, Patricia
name: Fishman, Amy
name: Reicks, Marla
name: Splett, Patricia
name: Fishman, Amy
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The organic food industry is undergoing tremendous expansion. Retail grocers and organic food suppliers are interested in promoting organic foods to customers in mainstream grocery stores. The purpose of this study was to determine if point of purchase (POP) signage in retail grocery stores affects customer perceptions of organic foods and organic food purchasing behavior (sales). An experimental study was designed in which control and two levels of POP signage were tested in two grocery store environments in the Twin Cities metropolitan area. Ten stores were involved; six from an upscale chain and four from a discount/warehouse chain. A customer intercept interview method was used to determine the perceptions of approximately 400 customers in each store; and sales data were tracked for 14 selected organic food items. Results revealed that customers in upscale stores were more likely than discount/warehouse store customers to recognize signs designating organic foods. Younger people, women and those having larger household sizes recognized organic signage most often. In both chains, signage increased the proportion of customers who reported ever buying and planning to buy organic foods. Sales data suggest a positive effect of POP signage on volume of sales for some, but not all tracked foods. Signage significantly increased the sales of skim milk, butter, eggs, deli bread, fresh carrots, spaghetti and flaked cereal in the discount/warehouse stores. In the upscale stores, significant effects of POP signage were found for skim milk, spaghetti, peach nectar and fresh carrots when the sales figures were adjusted for the store's weekly sales volume. The mixed sales results underscore the dynamic interplay between the store environment, its customers, and POP technology.
Isolate record for VAFB-ISO-753
Creators: name: Holloway, Corinne
Year: 1900
Subjects: subject: Santa Barbara (County)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/3486/santa-barbara-county
subject: Vandenberg Air Force Base (VAFB)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/85469/vandenberg-air-force-base-vafb
subject: Vandenberg Space Force Base (VSFB)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/85584/vandenberg-space-force-base-vsfb
subject: California (State / Territory)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/1484/california-state-territory
subject: Chipped Stone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2/chipped-stone
subject: Reconnaissance / Survey
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/7/reconnaissance-survey

description: This document is the isolated find record for VAFB-ISO-753. The artifact is a secondary flake.
Studying many-body localization in exchange-coupled electron spin qubits using spin-spin correlations
Creators: name: Throckmorton, Robert E.
name: Sarma, S. Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that many-body localization (MBL) effects can be observed in a finite chain of exchange-coupled spin qubits in the presence of both exchange and magnetic noise, a system that has been experimentally realized in semiconductors and is a potential solid-state quantum computing platform. In addition to established measures of MBL, the level spacing ratio and the entanglement entropy, we propose another quantity, the spin-spin correlation function, that can be measured experimentally and is particularly well-suited to experiments in semiconductor-based electron spin qubit systems. We show that, in cases that the established measures detect as delocalized "phases", the spin-spin correlation functions retain no memory of the system's initial state (i.e., the long-time value deviates significantly from the initial value), but that they do retain memory in cases that the established measures detect as localized "phases". We also discover an interesting counterintuitive result that there is no clear tendency towards localization with increasing charge noise in small systems ($3$--$10$ spins). The proposed experiments should be feasible in the existing semiconductor spin qubit systems.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures. Added results for the level spacing ratio only including levels in the $S_z=1-\tfrac{1}{2}L$ sector, which are now the main focus of this paper. Now published in Phys. Rev. B; this is the published version
CONVENIENCE STORE PRACTICES AND PROGRESS WITH EFFICIENT CONSUMER RESPONSE: THE MINNESOTA CASE
Creators: name: Ashman, Sara M.
name: King, Robert P.
name: Ashman, Sara M.
name: King, Robert P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The adoption of Efficient Consumer Response (ECR) practices by Minnesota convenience store (C- store) is explained in this study. Data were collected through a mail survey distributed to more than 250 Minnesota C-stores ranging in size from single, independently owned stores to over 100 store chains. The survey instrument was developed to collect data on the following components important to C-store operations and the implementation of ECR: information systems, ordering, receiving, inventory management, and pricing practices. Findings are presented from three distinct perspectives: 1. Location: Rural C-stores, which often meet customer needs that were once met by small supermarkets, carried a wider range of products and offered more services than C-stores in urban and suburban locations. However, rural stores had the lowest adoption rate for practices related to the ECR initiative. Urban chains coordinated business practices with suppliers to a greater degree than suburban and rural chains. 2. Chain size: Larger chains were more likely to have implemented the more costly technological practices than were small chains. This was expected since large chains can spread the fixed costs of ECR adoption over a larger number of stores. Larger chains also cooperated and communicated more with their suppliers than small chains. Again, this was expected, since larger chains can economize on transaction costs involved in maintaining these business relationships. 3. ECR practices: ECR adoption and superior performance were positively related. Having adopted six to nine practices was positively correlated with higher inside and outside sales per square foot of selling area and higher annual inventory turns. However, it was not clear whether there was a causal relationship in either direction between ECR practices and store performance. The C-store industry is changing, as new information technologies, new business practices, and new retail strategies are developed. The results from this survey can serve as a baseline for future research monitoring the adoption of these innovations and assessing their impact on productivity and profitability. Minnesota C-Stores appear to be smaller but more productive than the national average. Overall, it appears ECR is just beginning to impact the Minnesota C-store industry. Nonetheless, regression analyses confirmed ECR practices are positively related to store sales performance and those stores adopting the most practices had higher productivity measures.
A Very High Energy Gamma-Ray Spectrum of 1ES 2344+514
Creators: name: Schroedter, M.
name: Badran, H. M.
name: Buckley, J. H.
name: Gordo, J. Bussons
name: Carter-Lewis, D. A.
name: Duke, C.
name: Fegan, D. J.
name: Fegan, S. F.
name: Finley, J. P.
name: Gillanders, G. H.
name: Grube, J.
name: Horan, D.
name: Kenny, G. E.
name: Kertzman, M.
name: Kosack, K.
name: Krennrich, F.
name: Kieda, D. B.
name: Kildea, J.
name: Lang, M. J.
name: Lee, Kuen
name: Moriarty, P.
name: Quinn, J.
name: Quinn, M.
name: Power-Mooney, G. B.
name: Sembroski, H.
name: Wakely, S. P.
name: Vassiliev, V. V.
name: Weekes, T. C.
name: Zweerink, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The BL Lacertae (BL Lac) object 1ES 2344+514 (1ES 2344), at a redshift of 0.044, was discovered as a source of very high energy (VHE) gamma rays by the Whipple Collaboration in 1995 \citep{2344Catanese98}. This detection was recently confirmed by the HEGRA Collaboration \citep{2344Hegra03}. As is typical for high-frequency peaked blazars, the VHE gamma-ray emission is highly variable. On the night of 20 December, 1995, a gamma-ray flare of 5.3-sigma significance was detected, the brightest outburst from this object to-date. The emission region is compatible with a point source. The spectrum between 0.8 TeV and 12.6 TeV can be described by a power law $\frac{\ud^3 N}{\ud E \ud A \ud t}=(5.1\pm1.0_{st}\pm1.2_{sy})\times10^{-7} (E/ \mathrm{TeV})^{-2.54 \pm0.17_{st}\pm0.07_{sy}} \mathrm{\frac{1}{TeV m^2 s}}$. Comparing the spectral index with that of the other five confirmed TeV blazars, the spectrum of 1ES 2344 is similar to 1ES 1959+650, located at almost the same distance. The spectrum of 1ES 2344 is steeper than the brightest flare spectra of Markarian 421 (Mrk~421) and Markarian 501 (Mrk~501), both located at a distance about 2/3 that of 1ES 2344, and harder than the spectra of PKS 2155-304 and H~1426+428, which are located almost three times as far. This trend is consistent with attenuation caused by the infrared extragalactic background radiation.
description: 27 pages, 11 figures, accepted by ApJ
On some completions of the space of Hamiltonian maps
Creators: name: Humilière, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the completions of the space of Hamiltonian diffeomorphisms of the standard linear symplectic space, for Viterbo's distance and some others derived from it, we study their different inclusions and give some of their properties. In particular, we give a convergence criterion for these distances. This allows us to prove that the completions contain non-ordinary elements, as for example, discontinuous Hamiltonians. We also prove that some dynamical properties of Hamiltonian systems are preserved in the completions.
description: 31 pages
Self-organizing patterns maintained by competing associations in a six-species predator-prey model
Creators: name: Szabo, G.
name: Szolnoki, A.
name: Borsos, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Formation and competition of associations are studied in a six-species ecological model where each species has two predators and two prey. Each site of a square lattice is occupied by an individual belonging to one of the six species. The evolution of the spatial distribution of species is governed by iterated invasions between the neighboring predator-prey pairs with species specific rates and by site exchange between the neutral pairs with a probability $X$. This dynamical rule yields the formation of five associations composed of two or three species with proper spatiotemporal patterns. For large $X$ a cyclic dominance can occur between the three two-species associations whereas one of the two three-species associations prevails in the whole system for low values of $X$ in the final state. Within an intermediate range of $X$ all the five associations coexist due to the fact that cyclic invasions between the two-species associations reduce their resistance temporarily against the invasion of three-species associations.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures
Metal-insulator transition in manganites: mixture of oxygen isotopes versus magnetic field
Creators: name: Taldenkov, A.
name: Babushkina, N.
name: Inyushkin, A.
name: Nikolaeva, O.
name: Gorbenko, O.
name: Kaul, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the effect of oxygen isotope substitution on the metal-insulator transition temperature and the resistivity of the narrow band manganite (La0.25Pr0.75)0.7Ca0.3MnO3 in a constant magnetic field. A set of 16 samples having different mixtures of 16O, 17O and 18O isotopes with average mass varying from 16.0 to 17.8 a.m.u. was studied. We have found that the magnetoresistance and the isotope effect can be linked together with a single parameter - effective magnetic field, which decreases linearly with an increase of average oxygen mass with a slope of -2 T/a.m.u. The applicability of the small polaron model is discussed.
description: Submitted to Moscow International Symposium on Magnetism MISM'05
Isolate record for VAFB-ISO-728
Creators: name: Holloway, Corinne
Year: 1900
Subjects: subject: Santa Barbara (County)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/3486/santa-barbara-county
subject: Vandenberg Air Force Base (VAFB)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/85469/vandenberg-air-force-base-vafb
subject: Vandenberg Space Force Base (VSFB)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/85584/vandenberg-space-force-base-vsfb
subject: California (State / Territory)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/1484/california-state-territory
subject: Chipped Stone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2/chipped-stone
subject: Reconnaissance / Survey
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/7/reconnaissance-survey

description: This document is the isolated find record for VAFB-ISO-728. The artifact is a projectile point base.
Additional file 4 of A novel nonsense variant of the AGXT identified in a Chinese family: special variant research in the Chinese reference genome
Creators: name: Xu, Chang Bao
name: Zhou, Xu Dong
name: Xu, Hong En
name: Zhao, Yong Li
name: Zhao, Xing Hua
name: Liu, Dan Hua
name: Tian, Yong An
name: Hu, Xin Xin
name: Guan, Jing Yuan
name: Guo, Jian Cheng
name: Tang, Wen Xue
name: Xue, Xia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Supplementary Table 3. The primers of AGXT mutation for Sanger sequencing.
THE OBESITY CRISIS: CHALLENGE TO THE FOOD INDUSTRY
Creators: name: Senauer, Benjamin
name: Senauer, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Rising rates of overweight and obesity pose a major challenge to the food industry. The industry has the opportunity to take positive steps to become part of the solution, rather than part of the problem, which is the increasing perception. By 1999-2000 almost two-thirds of American adults were overweight or obese. The percentage of overweight children and adolescents rose by about three fold between 1980 and 2000. Overweight and obesity are now considered a serious health care crisis, with increased risk of many serious diseases. The added health care costs have been estimated at $732 annually for every American. The gain in weight is the result of eating more combined with less physical activity. Three areas are getting particular attention. The increase in portion sizes. The potential legal liability of food companies. And the foods and beverages available at schools, as well as the disappearance of physical education as part of the curriculum. If progress is to be made, people will need to develop healthier eating and exercise habits. The food industry can contribute to both. Some companies, such as Kraft Foods and Subway are emerging with proactive strategies. Community programs which encourage physical activity, such as Colorado on the Move, and now America on the Move, are drawing increasing attention. With a shift in attitudes toward "less can be more" and quality over quantity, food spending might actually increase, which suggests there may be a "silver lining" of opportunity for savvy food companies.
Corpus-based Learning of Analogies and Semantic Relations
Creators: name: Turney, Peter D.
name: Littman, Michael L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.3.1; I.2.6; I.2.7

description: We present an algorithm for learning from unlabeled text, based on the Vector Space Model (VSM) of information retrieval, that can solve verbal analogy questions of the kind found in the SAT college entrance exam. A verbal analogy has the form A:B::C:D, meaning "A is to B as C is to D"; for example, mason:stone::carpenter:wood. SAT analogy questions provide a word pair, A:B, and the problem is to select the most analogous word pair, C:D, from a set of five choices. The VSM algorithm correctly answers 47% of a collection of 374 college-level analogy questions (random guessing would yield 20% correct; the average college-bound senior high school student answers about 57% correctly). We motivate this research by applying it to a difficult problem in natural language processing, determining semantic relations in noun-modifier pairs. The problem is to classify a noun-modifier pair, such as "laser printer", according to the semantic relation between the noun (printer) and the modifier (laser). We use a supervised nearest-neighbour algorithm that assigns a class to a given noun-modifier pair by finding the most analogous noun-modifier pair in the training data. With 30 classes of semantic relations, on a collection of 600 labeled noun-modifier pairs, the learning algorithm attains an F value of 26.5% (random guessing: 3.3%). With 5 classes of semantic relations, the F value is 43.2% (random: 20%). The performance is state-of-the-art for both verbal analogies and noun-modifier relations.
description: related work available at http://purl.org/peter.turney/ and http://www.cs.rutgers.edu/~mlittman/