cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
SpikeDyn: A Framework for Energy-Efficient Spiking Neural Networks with Continual and Unsupervised Learning Capabilities in Dynamic Environments
Creators: name: Putra, Rachmad Vidya Wicaksana
name: Shafique, Muhammad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) bear the potential of efficient unsupervised and continual learning capabilities because of their biological plausibility, but their complexity still poses a serious research challenge to enable their energy-efficient design for resource-constrained scenarios (like embedded systems, IoT-Edge, etc.). We propose SpikeDyn, a comprehensive framework for energy-efficient SNNs with continual and unsupervised learning capabilities in dynamic environments, for both the training and inference phases. It is achieved through the following multiple diverse mechanisms: 1) reduction of neuronal operations, by replacing the inhibitory neurons with direct lateral inhibitions; 2) a memory- and energy-constrained SNN model search algorithm that employs analytical models to estimate the memory footprint and energy consumption of different candidate SNN models and selects a Pareto-optimal SNN model; and 3) a lightweight continual and unsupervised learning algorithm that employs adaptive learning rates, adaptive membrane threshold potential, weight decay, and reduction of spurious updates. Our experimental results show that, for a network with 400 excitatory neurons, our SpikeDyn reduces the energy consumption on average by 51% for training and by 37% for inference, as compared to the state-of-the-art. Due to the improved learning algorithm, SpikeDyn provides on avg. 21% accuracy improvement over the state-of-the-art, for classifying the most recently learned task, and by 8% on average for the previously learned tasks.
description: To appear at the 58th IEEE/ACM Design Automation Conference (DAC), December 2021, San Francisco, CA, USA
On the Complexity of Equilibrium Computation in First-Price Auctions
Creators: name: Filos-Ratsikas, Aris
name: Giannakopoulos, Yiannis
name: Hollender, Alexandros
name: Lazos, Philip
name: Poças, Diogo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the problem of computing a (pure) Bayes-Nash equilibrium in the first-price auction with continuous value distributions and discrete bidding space. We prove that when bidders have independent subjective prior beliefs about the value distributions of the other bidders, computing an $\varepsilon$-equilibrium of the auction is PPAD-complete, and computing an exact equilibrium is FIXP-complete. We also provide an efficient algorithm for solving a special case of the problem, for a fixed number of bidders and available bids.
description: Journal version. Preliminary version appeared at EC '21
Cosmic backgrounds due to the formation of the first generation of supermassive black holes
Creators: name: Biermann, Peter L.
name: Nath, Biman B.
name: Caramete, Laurenţiu I.
name: Harms, Benjamin C.
name: Stanev, Todor
name: Tjus, Julia Becker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The statistics of black holes and their masses strongly suggests that their mass distribution has a cutoff towards lower masses near $3 \times 10^{6}$ M$_{\odot}$. This is consistent with a classical formation mechanism from the agglomeration of the first massive stars in the universe. However, when the masses of the stars approach $10^{6}$ M$_{\odot}$, the stars become unstable and collapse, possibly forming the first generation of cosmological black holes. Here we speculate that the claimed detection of an isotropic radio background may constitute evidence of the formation of these first supermassive black holes, since their data are compatible in spectrum and intensity with synchrotron emission from the remnants. The model proposed fulfills all observational conditions for the background, in terms of single-source strength, number of sources, far-infrared and gamma-ray emission. The observed high energy neutrino flux is consistent with our calculations in flux and spectrum. The proposal described in this paper may also explain the early formation and growth of massive bulge-less disk galaxies as derived from the massive, gaseous shell formed during the explosion prior to the formation of a supermassive black hole.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, accepted in MNRAS
Learning on heterogeneous graphs using high-order relations
Creators: name: Lee, See Hian
name: Ji, Feng
name: Tay, Wee Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A heterogeneous graph consists of different vertices and edges types. Learning on heterogeneous graphs typically employs meta-paths to deal with the heterogeneity by reducing the graph to a homogeneous network, guide random walks or capture semantics. These methods are however sensitive to the choice of meta-paths, with suboptimal paths leading to poor performance. In this paper, we propose an approach for learning on heterogeneous graphs without using meta-paths. Specifically, we decompose a heterogeneous graph into different homogeneous relation-type graphs, which are then combined to create higher-order relation-type representations. These representations preserve the heterogeneity of edges and retain their edge directions while capturing the interaction of different vertex types multiple hops apart. This is then complemented with attention mechanisms to distinguish the importance of the relation-type based neighbors and the relation-types themselves. Experiments demonstrate that our model generally outperforms other state-of-the-art baselines in the vertex classification task on three commonly studied heterogeneous graph datasets.
Matrix Product Codes over Finite Commutative Frobenius Rings
Creators: name: Fan, Yun
name: Ling, San
name: Liu, Hongwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Properties of matrix product codes over finite commutative Frobenius rings are investigated. The minimum distance of matrix product codes constructed with several types of matrices is bounded in different ways. The duals of matrix product codes are also explicitly described in terms of matrix product codes.
description: Des. Codes Cryptogr. published online: 19 Jul 2012
Bring the Environment to Life: A Sonification Module for People with Visual Impairments to Improve Situation Awareness
Creators: name: Constantinescu, Angela
name: Müller, Karin
name: Haurilet, Monica
name: Petrausch, Vanessa
name: Stiefelhagen, Rainer
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2020
Subjects: Assistive technologies
Sonification
Mixed reality
Evaluations of intelligent user interfaces
Object Localization
Computer Vision

description: Digital navigation tools for helping people with visual impairments have become increasingly popular in recent years. While conventional navigation solutions give routing instructions to the user, systems such as GoogleMaps, BlindSquare, or Soundscape offer additional information about the surroundings and, thereby, improve the orientation of people with visual impairments. However, these systems only provide information about static environments, while dynamic scenes comprising objects such as bikes, dogs, and persons are not considered. In addition, both the routing and the information about the environment are usually conveyed by speech. We address this gap and implement a mobile system that combines object identification with a sonification interface. Our system can be used in three different scenarios of macro and micro navigation: orientation, obstacle avoidance, and exploration of known and unknown routes. Our proposed system leverages popular computer vision methods to localize 18 static and dynamic object classes in real-time. At the heart of our system is a mixed reality sonification interface which is adaptable to the user’s needs and is able to transmit the recognized semantic information to the user. The system is designed in a user-centered approach. An exploratory user study conducted by us showed that our object-to-sound mapping with auditory icons is intuitive. On average, users perceived our system as useful and indicated that they want to know more about their environment, apart from wayfinding and points of interest.
Mechanically-mediated optical response in hybrid opto-electromechanical systems
Creators: name: Jiang, Cheng
name: Cui, Yuanshun
name: Liu, Hongxiang
name: Chen, Guibin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate the analog of electromagnetically induced transparency, absorption and parametric amplification in a hybrid opto-electromechanical system consisting of an optical cavity and a microwave cavity coupled to a common nanomechanical resonator. When the two cavity modes are driven on their respective red sidebands by two pump beams and a probe beam is applied to the optical cavity to monitor the optical response of the hybrid system, we find that a transparency window appears in the probe transmission spectrum due to destructive interference. When the optical cavity is pumped on its blue sideband, the analog of electromagnetically induced absorption and parametric amplification occur due to constructive interference.
Cohomology of the moduli stack of algebraic vector bundles
Creators: name: Annala, Toni
name: Iwasa, Ryomei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $\mathscr{V}\mathrm{ect}_n$ be the moduli stack of vector bundles of rank $n$ on schemes. We prove that, if $E$ is a Zariski sheaf of ring spectra which is equipped with finite quasi-smooth transfers and satisfies the projective bundle formula, then $E^*(\mathscr{V}\mathrm{ect}_{n,S})$ is freely generated by Chern classes $c_1,\dotsc,c_n$ over $E^*(S)$ for any scheme $S$. Examples include all multiplicative localizing invariants.
description: 17 pages. Final version + footnotes
title: Drug Court Versus Incarceration: Which Is More Effective?
Creators: name: Alexander, Erin
name: Apperson, Kathryn
name: Flannigan, Megan
name: Jean, Sarah
name: Rosalina, Lintag
name: Lynch, Jennifer
name: Schwartz, Ethan
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Aim: This study explores the affect drug court treatment programs have on the sobriety and employment status of the participants. Background: Drug addiction has been an ongoing issue nationwide, and with addiction comes drug related crimes. Currently the preferred solution to this epidemic is to impose longer and longer lengths of incarceration for every incurred infraction. Methods: A descriptive correlational design will be used for this research study to evaluate the effectiveness of drug court compared to incarceration. The participants will be chosen by a random sampling of 100 residents of the Hampton Roads area of Virginia--50 who have graduated drug court and 50 who were incarcerated for drug-related offenses. Each participant must be a legal resident of Virginia for at least 3 years. The participants will be given a close-ended, 18-question questionnaire, titled “One Year Evaluation Post Drug Court.” The questionnaire will be designed to determine the participants’ life one year after graduating from a drug court program or one year after incarceration for a drug-related offense, possible drug and alcohol relapse, and questions on their demographics. Analysis: An analysis will be conducted using descriptive and inferential statistics. A demographic profile will be constructed of the population’s gender, age, ethnicity, level of education, and marital status. The data will be organized using frequency distribution to compare employment status and sobriety of each group. It will be a ratio measurement, and a dependent t-test will be used to verify the means of each group are statistically different. Expected Findings: It is expected that findings will show participation in drug court reduces the rate of recidivism and increases the rate of sobriety maintenance more than incarceration in drug-addicted individuals. Limitations: This study is limited due to the self-reporting nature of questionnaires and small sample size.
Recreation Of Mythology in J.K Rowling's Harry Potter And The Goblet Of Fire
Creators: name: Jayatissa, Palle Gedara Rangika Maheshani
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: J.K. Rowling's "Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire" transcends the realm of contemporary fantasy literature by ingeniously weaving elements of mythology into the narrative fabric. This research delves into the multifaceted layers of mythic reinvention within the fourth installment of the series. Through a comprehensive analysis of the Triwizard Tournament, mythical creatures, the resurrection of Lord Voldemort, and the overarching themes of friendship, loyalty, and destiny, this study unveils Rowling's adept fusion of timeless mythic motifs with the modern wizarding world. The symbolism embedded in the Triwizard Cup, the moral dilemmas faced by characters, and the cyclical nature of time further underscore the rich tapestry of mythic storytelling. This abstract encapsulates the intricate interplay between ancient mythologies and Rowling's contemporary narrative, highlighting how "Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire" stands as a testament to the enduring power of myth in literature.
How the quantum emerges from gravity
Creators: name: Sharma, Anushrut
name: Singh, Tejinder P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of a massive, relativistic spinning particle could be described either by the Dirac equation or by the Kerr solution of Einstein equations. However, one does not know a priori as to which of the two systems of equations should be used in a given situation, and the choice is dictated by experiments. It is expected that the Dirac equation holds for microscopic masses, and the Kerr solution for macroscopic masses. This suggests that Einstein gravity and the Dirac theory are limiting cases of a common underlying theoretical framework. Here we propose that such a framework is provided by a geometric theory of gravity on a Riemann-Cartan spacetime, which includes torsion. The Dirac equation emerges as the torsion dominated, gravity-free limit of this framework.
description: 6 pages. Honorable mention in the Gravity Research Foundation 2014 Essay Contest. Based on the more detailed paper arXiv:1403.2231
Quantification and prediction of extreme events in a one-dimensional nonlinear dispersive wave model
Creators: name: Cousins, Will
name: Sapsis, Themistoklis P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of this work is the quantification and prediction of rare events characterized by extreme intensity in nonlinear waves with broad spectra. We consider a one-dimensional non- linear model with deep-water waves dispersion relation, the Majda-McLaughlin-Tabak (MMT) model, in a dynamical regime that is characterized by broadband spectrum and strong non- linear energy transfers during the development of intermittent events with finite-lifetime. To understand the energy transfers that occur during the development of an extreme event we perform a spatially localized analysis of the energy distribution along different wavenumbers by means of the Gabor transform. A stochastic analysis of the Gabor coefficients reveals i) the low-dimensionality of the intermittent structures, ii) the interplay between non-Gaussian statis- tical properties and nonlinear energy transfers between modes, as well as iii) the critical scales (or critical Gabor coefficients) where a critical amount of energy can trigger the formation of an extreme event. We analyze the unstable character of these special localized modes directly through the system equation and show that these intermittent events are due to the interplay of the system nonlinearity, the wave dispersion, and the wave dissipation which mimics wave breaking. These localized instabilities are triggered by random localizations of energy in space, created by the dispersive propagation of low-amplitude waves with random phase. Based on these properties, we design low-dimensional functionals of these Gabor coefficients that allow for the prediction of the extreme event well before the nonlinear interactions begin to occur.
description: 21 pages, 14 figures
A note on "Algebraic approach to Casimir force between two $δ$-like potentials" (K. Ziemian, Ann. Henri Poincaré, Online First, 2021)
Creators: name: Fermi, Davide
name: Pizzocchero, Livio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We comment on the recent work [1], and on its relations with our papers [2,3] cited therein. In particular we show that, contrarily to what stated in [1], the Casimir energy density determined therein in the case of a single delta-like singularity coincides with the energy density obtained previously in our paper [2] using a different approach.
description: 6 pages
THE IMPACT OF STUDENT BEHAVIOR AND INCOME ON DECISION-MAKING MEDIATED BY MOTIVATION: A PSYCHOLOGICAL MARKETING STUDY OF INDONESIAN VOCATIONAL STUDENTS
Creators: name: NAIK HENOKH PARMENAS
name: Dr. FAIRUZ A'DILAH BINTI RUSDI
name: PUAN NURSALIHAH BINTI AHMAD RASTON
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Motive, Income, Student Behavior, Student Decision, and Theory of Planned Behavior.

description: Abstract

This quantitative study examines the effects of motivation, income, and student behavior on decision-making among vocational students in Indonesia. Using purposive sampling, data were collected from 410 students across 15 universities and analyzed with Smart PLS 3. The findings show that motivation significantly influences student behavior and decision-making, while higher income also positively affects academic behavior. However, student behavior does not have a significant impact on decision-making. Mediation analysis reveals that student behavior serves as a weak mediator. This study emphasizes the importance of creating a supportive environment for motivation to enhance students' academic performance and decision-making abilities.
The charged McVittie spacetime
Creators: name: Faraoni, Valerio
name: Moreno, Andres F. Zambrano
name: Prain, Angus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The two-parameter charged McVittie solution of the Einstein equations is revisited and its apparent horizons are discussed and located numerically (for the extremal case, analytically). According to the parameter values, this spacetime can be interpreted as a black hole, or a spacelike naked singularity, in a spatially homogeneous and isotropic universe.
Evolution of Earth-like extended exospheres orbiting solar-like stars
Creators: name: Canet, Ada
name: de Castro, Ana Inés Gómez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observations of the Earth's exosphere revealed the presence of an extended hydrogenic component that could reach distances beyond 40 planetary radii. Detection of similar extended exospheres around Earth-like exoplanets could reveal crucial facts in terms of habitability. The presence of these rarified hydrogen envelopes is extremely dependent of the planetary environment, dominated by the ionizing radiation and plasma winds coming from the host star. Radiation and fast wind particles ionize the uppermost layers of planetary atmospheres, especially for planets orbiting active, young stars. The survival of the produced ions in the exosphere of such these planets is subject to the action of the magnetized stellar winds, particularly for unmagnetized bodies. In order to address these star-planet interactions, we have carried out numerical 2.5D ideal MHD simulations using the PLUTO code to study the dynamical evolution of tenuous, hydrogen-rich, Earth-like extended exospheres for an unmagnetized planet, at different stellar evolutionary stages: from a very young, solar-like star of 0.1 Gyr to a 5.0 Gyr star. For each star-planet configuration, we show that the morphology of extended Earth-like hydrogen exospheres is strongly dependent of the incident stellar winds and the produced ions present in these gaseous envelopes, showing that the ionized component of Earth-like exospheres is quickly swept by the stellar winds of young stars, leading to large bow shock formation for later stellar ages.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Novel high pressure structures and superconductivity of niobium disulfide
Creators: name: Liu, Zhong-Li
name: Cai, Ling-Cang
name: Zhang, Xiu-Lu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the pressure-induced phase transition and superconducting properties of niobium disulfide (NbS$_2$) based on the density functional theory. The structures of NbS$_2$ at pressures from 0 to 200 GPa were predicted using the multi-algorithm collaborative (MAC) structure prediction technique. The previously known 1$T$-, 2$H$-, and 3$R$-NbS$_2$ were successfully reproduced. In addition, many metastable structures which are potential to be synthesized were also discovered. Based on the enthalpy calculations, we found that at 26 GPa NbS$_2$ transits from the double-hexagonal (2$H$) structure to the tetragonal $I4/mmm$ structure with a $10.6\%$ volume reduction. The calculated elastic constants and phonon dispersion curves of $I4/mmm$-NbS$_2$ confirm its mechanical and dynamical stability at high pressure. More interestingly, the coordination number of Nb in $I4/mmm$ structure is eight which is larger than that in the traditional metal dichalcogenides, indicating a new type of bondings of Nb and S atoms. In the new Nb-S bondings, one Nb atom and neighboring eight S atoms form a [NbS$_8$] hexahedron unit. Furthermore, $I4/mmm$-NbS$_2$ exhibits a higher superconducting critical temperature than 2$H$-NbS$_2$, as is resulted from the stronger electron-phonon coupling coefficients
description: 7 pages, 9 figures
Poisson-Dirichlet asymptotics in condensing particle systems
Creators: name: Chleboun, Paul
name: Gabriel, Simon
name: Grosskinsky, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study measures on random partitions, arising from condensing stochastic particle systems with stationary product distributions. We provide fairly general conditions on the stationary weights, which lead to Poisson-Dirichlet statistics of the condensed phase in the thermodynamic limit. The Poisson-Dirichlet distribution is known to be the unique reversible measure of split-merge dynamics for random partitions, which we use to characterize the limit law. We also establish concentration results for the macroscopic phase, using size-biased sampling techniques and the equivalence of ensembles to characterize the bulk distribution of the system.
description: 39 pages, Accepted for publication in Electron. J. Probab
Measurement of the intrinsic damping constant in individual nanodisks of YIG and YIG{\textbar}Pt
Creators: name: Hahn, Christian
name: Naletov, Vladimir
name: de Loubens, Gregoire
name: Klein, Olivier
name: Kelly, Olivier d Allivy
name: Anane, Abdelmadjid
name: Bernard, Rozenn
name: Jacquet, Eric
name: Bortolotti, Paolo
name: Cros, Vincent
name: Prieto, Jose Luis
name: Munoz, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on an experimental study on the spin-waves relaxation rate in two series of nanodisks of diameter $ϕ=$300, 500 and 700~nm, patterned out of two systems: a 20~nm thick yttrium iron garnet (YIG) film grown by pulsed laser deposition either bare or covered by 13~nm of Pt. Using a magnetic resonance force microscope, we measure precisely the ferromagnetic resonance linewidth of each individual YIG and YIG{\textbar}Pt nanodisks. We find that the linewidth in the nanostructure is sensibly smaller than the one measured in the extended film. Analysis of the frequency dependence of the spectral linewidth indicates that the improvement is principally due to the suppression of the inhomogeneous part of the broadening due to geometrical confinement, suggesting that only the homogeneous broadening contributes to the linewidth of the nanostructure. For the bare YIG nano-disks, the broadening is associated to a damping constant $α= 4 \cdot 10^{-4}$. A 3 fold increase of the linewidth is observed for the series with Pt cap layer, attributed to the spin pumping effect. The measured enhancement allows to extract the spin mixing conductance found to be $G_{\uparrow \downarrow}= 1.55 \cdot 10^{14}~ Ω^{-1}\text{m}^{-2}$ for our YIG(20nm){\textbar}Pt interface, thus opening large opportunities for the design of YIG based nanostructures with optimized magnetic losses.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Q-SpiNN: A Framework for Quantizing Spiking Neural Networks
Creators: name: Putra, Rachmad Vidya Wicaksana
name: Shafique, Muhammad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A prominent technique for reducing the memory footprint of Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) without decreasing the accuracy significantly is quantization. However, the state-of-the-art only focus on employing the weight quantization directly from a specific quantization scheme, i.e., either the post-training quantization (PTQ) or the in-training quantization (ITQ), and do not consider (1) quantizing other SNN parameters (e.g., neuron membrane potential), (2) exploring different combinations of quantization approaches (i.e., quantization schemes, precision levels, and rounding schemes), and (3) selecting the SNN model with a good memory-accuracy trade-off at the end. Therefore, the memory saving offered by these state-of-the-art to meet the targeted accuracy is limited, thereby hindering processing SNNs on the resource-constrained systems (e.g., the IoT-Edge devices). Towards this, we propose Q-SpiNN, a novel quantization framework for memory-efficient SNNs. The key mechanisms of the Q-SpiNN are: (1) employing quantization for different SNN parameters based on their significance to the accuracy, (2) exploring different combinations of quantization schemes, precision levels, and rounding schemes to find efficient SNN model candidates, and (3) developing an algorithm that quantifies the benefit of the memory-accuracy trade-off obtained by the candidates, and selects the Pareto-optimal one. The experimental results show that, for the unsupervised network, the Q-SpiNN reduces the memory footprint by ca. 4x, while maintaining the accuracy within 1% from the baseline on the MNIST dataset. For the supervised network, the Q-SpiNN reduces the memory by ca. 2x, while keeping the accuracy within 2% from the baseline on the DVS-Gesture dataset.
description: Accepted for publication at the 2021 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN), July 2021, Virtual Event
TRANSFER OF HEAT WITH CONVECTION
Creators: name: KEMAL SADO
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015

description: In this thesis work we have studied the problem of heat transfer. We have obtained the

solutions of the heat equation by analytical method, computational method and also by

using computer programming (C++) method. We have described the solution of the heat

equation by flow chart method. We have analyzed the solutions by using Mathematica

software
Midwifery Learning and Forecasting: Predicting Content Demand with User-Generated Logs
Creators: name: Guitart, Anna
name: del Río, Ana Fernández
name: Periáñez, África
name: Bellhouse, Lauren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Every day, 800 women and 6,700 newborns die from complications related to pregnancy or childbirth. A well-trained midwife can prevent most of these maternal and newborn deaths. Data science models together with logs generated by users of online learning applications for midwives can help to improve their learning competencies. The goal is to use these rich behavioral data to push digital learning towards personalized content and to provide an adaptive learning journey. In this work, we evaluate various forecasting methods to determine the interest of future users on the different kind of contents available in the app, broken down by profession and region.
The Crystallization Behavior of Porous PLA Prepared by Modified Solvent Casting/Particulate Leaching Technique for Potential Use of Tissue Engineering Scaffold
Creators: name: Huang, Ran
name: Zhu, Xiaomin
name: Tu, Haiyan
name: Wan, Ajun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The porous PLA foams potential for tissue engineering usage are prepared by a modified solvent casting/particulate leaching method with different crystallinity. Since in typical method the porogens are solved in the solution and flow with the polymers during the casting and the crystallinity behavior of PLA chains in the limited space cannot be tracked, in this work the processing is modified by diffusing the PLA solution into a steady salt stack. With a thermal treatment before leaching while maintaining the stable structure of the porogens stack, the crystallinity of porous foams is made possible to control. The characterizations indicate the crystallization of porous foams is in a manner of lower crystallibility than the bulk materials. Pores and caves of around 250μm size are obtained in samples with different crystallinity. The macro-structures are not much impaired by the crystallization nevertheless the morphological effect of the heating process is still obvious.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
A follow-up on intermediate-mass black hole candidates in the second LIGO-Virgo observing run with the Bayes Coherence Ratio
Creators: name: Vajpeyi, Avi
name: Smith, Rory
name: Thrane, Eric
name: Ashton, Gregory
name: Alford, Thomas
name: Garza, Sierra
name: Isi, Maximiliano
name: Kanner, Jonah
name: Massinger, T. J.
name: Xiao, Liting
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detection of an intermediate-mass black hole population ($10^2-10^6$ $M_{\odot}$) will provide clues to their formation environments (e.g., disks of active galactic nuclei, globular clusters) and illuminate a potential pathway to produce supermassive black holes. Ground-based gravitational-wave detectors are sensitive to mergers that can form intermediate-mass black holes weighing up to $\sim 450\ M_{\odot}$. However, ground-based detector data contain numerous incoherent short duration noise transients that can mimic the gravitational-wave signals from merging intermediate-mass black holes, limiting the sensitivity of searches. Here we follow-up on binary black hole merger candidates using a ranking statistic that measures the coherence or incoherence of triggers in multiple-detector data. We use this statistic to rank candidate events, initially identified by all-sky search pipelines, with lab-frame total masses $>55\ M_{\odot}$ using data from LIGO's second observing run. Our analysis does not yield evidence for new intermediate-mass black holes. However, we find support for eight stellar-mass binary black holes not reported in the first LIGO-Virgo gravitational wave transient catalog GWTC-1, seven of which have been previously reported by other catalogs.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
Lower Bounds to the Q factor of Electrically Small Resonators through Quasistatic Modal Expansion
Creators: name: Pascale, Mariano
name: Mann, Sander A.
name: Tzarouchis, Dimitrios C.
name: Miano, Giovanni
name: Alù, Andrea
name: Forestiere, Carlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of finding the optimal current distribution supported by small radiators yielding the minimum quality (Q) factor is a fundamental problem in electromagnetism. Q factor bounds constrain the maximum operational bandwidth of devices including antennas, metamaterials, and nanoresonators, and have been featured in seminal papers in the past decades. Here, we determine the lower bounds of Q factors of small-size plasmonic and high-permittivity dielectric resonators, which are characterized by quasi-electrostatic and quasi-magnetostatic natural modes, respectively. We expand the induced current density field in the resonator in terms of these modes, leading to closed-form analytical expressions for the electric and magnetic polarizability tensors, whose largest eigenvalue is directly linked to the minimum Q factor. Our results allow also to determine in closed form the corresponding optimal current density field. In particular, when the resonator exhibits two orthogonal reflection symmetries the minimum Q factor can be simply obtained from the Q factors of the single current modes with non-vanishing dipole moments aligned along the major axis of the resonator. Overall, our results open exciting opportunities in the context of nano-optics and metamaterials, facilitating the analysis and design of optimally shaped resonators for enhanced and tailored light-matter interactions.
Characterization of the Spin-1/2 Linear-Chain Ferromagnet CuAs$_2$O$_4$
Creators: name: Caslin, K.
name: Kremer, R. K.
name: Razavi, F. S.
name: Schulz, A.
name: Muñoz, A.
name: Pertlik, F.
name: Liu, J.
name: Whangbo, M. -H.
name: Law, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic and lattice properties of the $S$=1/2 quantum-spin-chain ferromagnet, CuAs$_2$O$_4$, mineral name trippkeite, were investigated. The crystal structure of CuAs$_2$O$_4$ is characterized by the presence of corrugated CuO$_2$ ribbon chains. Measurements of the magnetic susceptibility, heat capacity, electron paramagnetic resonance and Raman spectroscopy were performed. Our experiments conclusively show that a ferromagnetic transition occurs at $\sim$7.4 K. $\textit{Ab initio}$ DFT calculations reveal dominant ferromagnetic nearest-neighbor and weaker antiferromagnetic next- nearest-neighbor spin exchange interactions along the ribbon chains. The ratio of $J_{\rm nn}$/$J_{\rm nnn}$ is near -4, placing CuAs$_2$O$_4$ in close proximity to a quantum critical point in the $J_{\rm nn}$ - $J_{\rm nnn}$ phase diagram. TMRG simulations used to analyze the magnetic susceptibility confirm this ratio. Single-crystal magnetization measurements indicate that a magnetic anisotropy forces the Cu$^{2+}$ spins to lie in an easy plane perpendicular to the $c$-axis. An analysis of the field and temperature dependent magnetization by modified Arrott plots reveals a 3d-XY critical behavior. Lattice perturbations induced by quasi-hydrostatic pressure and temperature were mapped via magnetization and Raman spectroscopy.
description: 12 pages, 16 figures
Nonlinear mode-tide coupling in coalescing binary neutron stars with relativistic corrections
Creators: name: Nouri, Fatemeh Hossein
name: Bose, Sukanta
name: Duez, Matthew D.
name: Das, Abhishek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the internal modes of a nonspinning neutron star and its tidal metric perturbation in general relativity, and determine the effect of relativistic corrections to the modes on mode coupling. Claims have been made that a new hydrodynamic instability can occur in a neutron star in a binary neutron star system triggered by the nonlinear coupling of the companion's tidal field to pairs of p-modes and g-modes in it as the binary inspirals toward merger. This "PG" instability may be significant since it can influence the binary's inspiral phase by extracting orbital energy, thereby potentially causing large deviations in their gravitational waveforms from those predicted by theoretical models that do not account for it. This can result in incorrect parameter estimation, at best, or mergers going undetected, at worst, owing to the use of deficient waveform models. On the other hand, better modeling of this instability and its effect on binary orbits can unravel a new phenomenon and shed light on stellar instabilities, via gravitational wave observations. So far, all mode-tide coupling instability studies have been formulated in Newtonian perturbation theory. Neutron stars are compact objects, so relativistic corrections might be important. We present and test a new code to calculate the relativistic eigenmodes of nonrotating relativistic stars. We use these relativistic tide and neutron star eigenmodes to compute the mode-tide coupling strength (MTCS) for a few selected equations of state. The MTCS thus calculated can be at most tens of percent different from its purely Newtonian value, but we confirm the dependencies on orbital separation and equation of state found by Newtonian calculations. For some equations of state, the MTCS is very sensitive to the neutron star crust region, demonstrating the importance of treating this region accurately.
description: Accepted by PRD
Plano de gestão de dados
Creators: name: Santos, Francisco Edvander Pires
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Dados de pesquisa
Gestão da informação
Repositório audiovisual
Research data
Information management
Audiovisual repository

description: Plano de gestão de dados da pesquisa intitulada Gestão de acervos audiovisuais em repositórios, desenvolvida no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Informação da Universidade Federal do Ceará, sob orientação da Prof.ª Dra. Maria Giovanna Guedes Farias e coorientação do Prof. Dr. Luiz Tadeu Feitosa.

O modelo de plano adotado foi do DMPTool (Data Management Plan), desenvolvido pelo Centro de Curadoria da Universidade da Califórnia, e foi elaborado sob a supervisão e consultoria de Juliana Soares Lima, bibliotecária de dados da Biblioteca de Ciências Humanas da Universidade Federal do Ceará.
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titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: ÐÐµÑÐ¼Ð°Ð½, ÐÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð°
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ð¸Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸
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description: Ð£ÑÐµÐ±Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾ Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÐ¸Ð¿Ð»Ð¸Ð½Ðµ Â«Ð¢ÐµÐ¾ÑÐµÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ°Ñ Ð¸Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð°ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°Â» Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð½Ð°ÑÐµÐ½Ð¾ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð±Ð°ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð°Ð²ÑÐ¾Ð² 2 ÐºÑÑÑÐ°, Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÑÐµÑ Ð»ÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½ÑÐ¹ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð» Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ°ÐºÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð½ÑÑÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¸ ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑÐ¾ÑÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ. Ð£ÑÐµÐ±Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ðµ Â«ÐÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ñ ÑÐµÐ¾ÑÐµÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ Ð¸Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð°ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ¸Â» Ð¿Ð¾Ð·Ð²Ð¾Ð»ÑÐµÑ ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°ÑÑ Ñ ÑÑÑÐ´ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¾Ð² Ð±Ð°Ð·Ð¾Ð²ÑÑ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð·Ð½Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¹ Ð² ÑÐµÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¸Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¹; Ð¾ ÑÑÑÐµÑÑÐ²ÑÑÑÐ¸Ñ ÐºÐ»Ð°ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ ÑÐµÐ¾ÑÐ¸ÑÑ Ð¸Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¹; Ð¾Ð± Ð¸Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½ÑÑ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð°Ñ Ð¸ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»ÑÑ; Ð¾ ÑÑÑÐ°ÑÐµÐ³Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÐµÐ¿ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¸Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð²Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ñ.
Less is more: balancing noise reduction and data retention in fMRI with data-driven scrubbing
Creators: name: Pham, Damon
name: McDonald, Daniel
name: Ding, Lei
name: Nebel, Mary Beth
name: Mejia, Amanda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Artifacts in functional MRI (fMRI) data cause deviations from common distributional assumptions, introduce spatial and temporal outliers, and reduce the signal-to-noise ratio of the data -- all of which can have negative consequences for downstream statistical analysis. Scrubbing is a technique for excluding fMRI volumes thought to be contaminated by artifacts and generally comes in two flavors. Motion scrubbing based on subject head motion-derived measures is popular but suffers from a number of drawbacks, especially high rates of censoring of individual volumes and entire subjects. Alternatively, data-driven scrubbing methods like DVARS are based on observed noise in the processed fMRI timeseries and may avoid some of these issues. Here we propose "projection scrubbing", a novel data-driven scrubbing method based on a statistical outlier detection framework and strategic dimension reduction, including independent component analysis (ICA), to isolate artifactual variation. We undertake a comprehensive comparison of motion scrubbing with data-driven projection scrubbing and DVARS. We argue that an appropriate metric for the success of scrubbing is maximal data retention subject to reasonable performance on typical benchmarks of functional connectivity. We find that stringent motion scrubbing yields worsened validity, worsened reliability, and produced small improvements to fingerprinting. Meanwhile, data-driven scrubbing methods tend to yield greater improvements to fingerprinting while not generally worsening validity or reliability. Importantly, however, data-driven scrubbing excludes a fraction of the number of volumes or entire sessions compared to motion scrubbing. The ability of data-driven fMRI scrubbing to improve data retention without negatively impacting the quality of downstream analysis has major implications for sample sizes in population neuroscience research.
description: 74 pages
General Approach for the Sensitivity Analysis and Optimization of Integrated Optical Evanescent-Wave Sensors
Creators: name: Delezoide, Camille
name: Ledoux-Rak, Isabelle
name: Nguyen, Chi Thanh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The optimization of integrated optical evanescent-wave sensors is dual. For optimal performances, we require waveguides with both maximal sensitivity to the measurand, the quantity intended to be measured, and minimal sensitivities to perturbations. In this context, fully numerical approaches are extremely powerful, but demand huge computer resources. We address this issue by introducing a general and efficient approach, based on the formal derivation of analytical dispersion equations, to express and evaluate all waveguide sensitivities. In particular, we apply this approach to rectangular waveguides, to discuss its accuracy and its use within sensitivity optimization procedures.
A Two-Stage Cox Process Model with Spatial and Nonspatial Covariates
Creators: name: Kelling, Claire
name: Haran, Murali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Rich new marked point process data allow researchers to consider disparate problems such as the factors affecting the location and type of police use of force incidents, and the characteristics that impact the location and size of forest fires. We develop a two-stage log Gaussian Cox process that models these data in terms of both spatial (community-level) and nonspatial (individual or event-level) characteristics; both types of covariates are present in the examples we consider and are not easy to incorporate via existing methods. Via simulated and real data examples we find that our model is easy to interpret and flexible, accommodating multiple types of marks and multiple types of spatial covariates. In the first example we consider, our approach allows us to study the impact of community-level socioeconomic features such as unemployment as well as event-level features such as officer tenure on force used by police, illustrated through simulated examples. In our second example we consider factors that impact the locations and severity of forest fires from the Castilla-La Mancha region of Spain between 2004-2007.
Confidence distributions and empirical Bayes posterior distributions unified as distributions of evidential support
Creators: name: Bickel, David R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: approximate confidence distribution
bioequivalence
bounded parameter
empirical Bayes methods
epistemic probability
evidential model
evidential support distribution
fiducial model averaging

description: While empirical Bayes methods thrive in the presence of the hundreds or thousands of simultaneous hypothesis tests in genomics and other large-scale applications, significance tests and confidence intervals are considered more appropriate for small numbers of simultaneously tested hypotheses. Indeed, for fewer hypotheses or, more generally, fewer populations, there is more uncertainty in empirical Bayes methods of estimating the prior distribution. Confidence distributions have been used to propagate the uncertainty in the prior to empirical Bayes inference about a parameter, but only by combining a Bayesian posterior distribution with a confidence distribution, a probability distribution that encodes significance tests and confidence intervals. Combining distributions of both types has also been used to combine empirical Bayes methods and confidence intervals for estimating a parameter of interest. To clarify the foundational status of such combinations, the concept of an evidential model is proposed. In the framework of evidential models, both Bayesian posterior distributions and confidence distributions are degenerate special cases of evidential support distributions. Evidential support distributions, by quantifying the sufficiency of the data as evidence, leverage the strengths of Bayesian posterior distributions and confidence distributions for cases in which each type performs well and for cases benefiting from the combination of both. Evidential support distributions also address problems of bioequivalence, bounded parameters, and the lack of a unique confidence distribution.