cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Multi-spatiotemporal heterogeneous legacy effects of climate on terrestrial vegetation dynamics in China
Creators: name: Lian, Xihong
name: Jiao, Limin
name: Liu, Zejin
name: Jia, Qiqi
name: Zhong, Jing
name: Fang, Miao
name: Wang, Weilin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Investigating vegetation–climate interactions is critical for understanding behavioral patterns of terrestrial ecosystems and formulating food security strategies. However, the multi-spatiotemporal legacy effects of climate on terrestrial vegetation remain unclear. In this study, we examined the dynamic trends of vegetation distribution and climatic factors at multiple temporal and spatial scales. Moreover, using cross-wavelet transform, wavelet coherence transform, and partial correlation analysis, a paradigm framework was established to determine the multi-spatiotemporal legacy effect of climate on vegetation in China in 2000–2019, as well as the response of different vegetation types. The results indicate a significant greening trend in China, accompanied by a warming and wetting pattern over the past 20 years. The phase difference of the wavelet coherence transform in the time-frequency domain revealed remarkable legacy effects and regional variations, indicating a complicated relationship between vegetation and climate. Meanwhile, different vegetation types exhibited heterogeneous responses of legacy effect of precipitation and temperature on multi-spatiotemporal scales; moreover, the lag time in spring was shorter than that in summer and autumn. The average legacy effect on different vegetation types was approximately 1–2 months. Therefore, the heterogeneity of the legacy effects is a complicated process of dynamic variation, which can be summarized as the comprehensive characteristics of vegetation response to climate with regional discrepancy, ecosystem category, and multi-temporal scale. These findings advance our understanding regarding the preference of vegetation to hydrothermal conditions across biomes and ecosystems and provide a future framework for elucidating the dynamic response of vegetation to other more complex factors in this warmer world. Furthermore, our results emphasize that multi-spatiotemporal legacy effects should be incorporated into the vegetation–climate interaction model and the formulation of macro-environmental management policies.
Three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamical simulations of the morphology of head-tail radio galaxies based on magnetic tower jet model
Creators: name: Gan, Zhaoming
name: Li, Hui
name: Li, Shengtai
name: Yuan, Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The distinctive morphology of head-tail radio galaxies reveals strong interactions between the radio jets and their intra-cluster environment, the general consensus on the morphology origin of head-tail sources is that radio jets are bent by violent intra-cluster weather. We demonstrate in this paper that such strong interactions provide a great opportunity to study the jet properties and also the dynamics of intra-cluster medium (ICM). By three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamical simulations, we analyse the detailed bending process of a magnetically dominated jet, based on the magnetic tower jet model. We use stratified atmospheres modulated by wind/shock to mimic the violent intra-cluster weather. Core sloshing is found to be inevitable during the wind-cluster core interaction, which induces significant shear motion and could finally drive ICM turbulence around the jet, making it difficult for jet to survive. We perform detailed comparison between the behaviour of pure hydrodynamical jets and magnetic tower jet, and find that the jet-lobe morphology could not survive against the violent disruption in all of our pure hydrodynamical jet models. On the other hand, the head-tail morphology is well reproduced by using a magnetic tower jet model bent by wind, in which hydrodynamical instabilities are naturally suppressed and the jet could always keep its integrity under the protection of its internal magnetic fields. Finally, we also check the possibility for jet bending by shock only. We find that shock could not bend jet significantly, so could not be expected to explain the observed long tails in head-tail radio galaxies.
description: submitted to ApJ on December 9, 2016, and accepted on March 1st, 2017
Quantum trajectories for propagating Fock states
Creators: name: Baragiola, Ben Q.
name: Combes, Joshua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive quantum trajectories (also known as stochastic master equations) that describe an arbitrary quantum system probed by a propagating wave packet of light prepared in a continuous-mode Fock state. We consider three detection schemes of the output light: photon counting, homodyne detection, and heterodyne detection. We generalize to input field states that are superpositions and or mixtures of Fock states and illustrate the formalism with several examples.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures
Field emission: the theoretical link between voltage loss, reduction in field enhancement factor, and Fowler-Nordheim-plot saturation
Creators: name: Forbes, Richard G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With a large-area field electron emitter, when an individual post-like emitter is sufficiently resistive, and current through it sufficiently large, then voltage loss occurs along it. This Letter provides a simple analytical and conceptual demonstration that this voltage loss is directly and inextricably linked to a reduction in the field enhancement factor (FEF) at the post apex. A formula relating apex-FEF reduction to this voltage loss was obtained in the paper by E. Minoux, O. Groening, K. B. K. Teo, S. H. Dalal, L. Gangloff, J.-P. Schnell, L. Hudanski, I. Y. Y. Bu., P. Vincent, P. Legagneux, G. A. J. Amaratunga, and W. I. Milne [Nano Lett. 5, 2135 (2005)], by fitting to numerical results from a Laplace solver. This Letter derives the same formula analytically, by using a "floating sphere" model. The analytical proof brings out the underlying physics more clearly, and shows that the effect is a general phenomenon, related to reduction in the magnitude of the surface charge in the most protruding parts of an emitter. Voltage-dependent FEF-reduction is one cause of "saturation" in Fowler-Nordheim plots. Another is a voltage-divider effect, due to measurement-circuit resistance. An integrated theory of both effects is presented. Both together, or either by itself, can cause saturation. Experimentally, if saturation occurs but voltage loss is small (< 20 V, say), then saturation is more probably due to FEF-reduction than voltage division. In this case, existing treatments of electrostatic interaction ("shielding") between closely spaced emitters may need modification. Other putative causes of saturation exist, so the present theory is a partial story. Its extension seems possible, and could lead to a more general physical understanding of the causes of FN-plot saturation.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures, as revised after reviewing
YOSHLAR SAVODXONLIGINI OSHIRISHDA KUTUBXONALAR O'RNI
Creators: name: Odilova, Muhlisa
name: Nishonova, Jumagul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ushbu maqolada bugungi kunda kutubxonalar faoliyati, kutubxonalarning yoshlar orasidagi ahamiyati hamda kitobxonlik madaniyati xususida so‘z boradi.
Presentatie CS-NL Netwerk Dag
Creators: name: Gold, Margaret
name: Spelt, Anouk
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: De allereerste netwerkmeeting van Citizen Science Nederland vond plaats op woensdag 7 december 2022 in de Social Impact Factory in Utrecht. Iedereen die zich bezighoudt met Citizen Science - van burgerwetenschappers en lokale organisaties tot onderzoekers en beleidsmedewerkers - was welkom. Elkaar leren kennen stond centraal bij deze meeting, maar daarnaast zijn wij begonnen om het nieuwe netwerk vorm te geven "by the community, for the community". Dit zijn de slides van het Plenaire onderdeel van het Netwerkdag
The Uhlmann connection in fermionic systems undergoing phase transitions
Creators: name: Mera, Bruno
name: Vlachou, Chrysoula
name: Paunković, Nikola
name: Vieira, Vítor R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the behaviour of the Uhlmann connection in systems of fermions undergoing phase transitions. In particular, we analyse some of the paradigmatic cases of topological insulators and superconductors in dimension one, as well as the BCS theory of superconductivity in three dimensions. We show that the Uhlmann connection signals phase transitions in which the eigenbasis of the state of the system changes. Moreover, using the established fidelity approach and the study of the edge states, we show the absence of thermally driven phase transitions in the case of topological insulators and superconductors. We clarify what is the relevant parameter space associated with the Uhlmann connection so that it signals the existence of order in mixed states.
description: 14 pages (including Supplemental Material); Updated with new results; Accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters
Multi-space Variational Encoder-Decoders for Semi-supervised Labeled Sequence Transduction
Creators: name: Zhou, Chunting
name: Neubig, Graham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Labeled sequence transduction is a task of transforming one sequence into another sequence that satisfies desiderata specified by a set of labels. In this paper we propose multi-space variational encoder-decoders, a new model for labeled sequence transduction with semi-supervised learning. The generative model can use neural networks to handle both discrete and continuous latent variables to exploit various features of data. Experiments show that our model provides not only a powerful supervised framework but also can effectively take advantage of the unlabeled data. On the SIGMORPHON morphological inflection benchmark, our model outperforms single-model state-of-art results by a large margin for the majority of languages.
description: Accepted by ACL 2017
$q$-Analogues of two product formulas of hypergeometric functions by Bailey
Creators: name: Schlosser, Michael J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 33D15

description: We use Andrews' $q$-analogues of Watson's and Whipple's $_3F_2$ summation theorems to deduce two formulas for products of specific basic hypergeometric functions. These constitute $q$-analogues of corresponding product formulas for ordinary hypergeometric functions given by Bailey. The first formula was obtained earlier by Jain and Srivastava by a different method.
description: 4 pages; relevant reference added (which contains one of the results, obtained by a different method)
Universality of group embeddability
Creators: name: Calderoni, Filippo
name: Ros, Luca Motto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03E15

description: Working in the framework of Borel reducibility, we study various notions of embeddability between groups. We prove that the embeddability between countable groups, the topological embeddability between (discrete) Polish groups, and the isometric embeddability between separable groups with a bounded bi-invariant complete metric are all invariantly universal analytic quasi-orders. This strengthens some results from [Wil14] and [FLR09].
description: Minor corrections. 15 pages, submitted
The Dark Side of the Propagators: exploring their analytic properties by a massive expansion
Creators: name: Siringo, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analytical functions for the propagators of QCD, including a set of chiral quarks, are derived by a one-loop massive expansion in the Landau gauge, and are studied in Minkowski space, yielding a direct proof of positivity violation and confinement from first principles. Complex conjugated poles are found for the gluon propagator.
description: XIIth Quark Confinement & the Hadron Spectrum
Parental_Control_and_Problem_Tendencies_among_Children_of_Basic_Education.pdf
Creators: name: Orji, Evelyn   Ijeoma
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 399999
subject: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: The study sought to determine the influence of parental control on problem tendencies among children of basic education in Southern Cross River State, Nigeria. Ex-post facto research design was adopted. To achieve the purpose of the study, a null hypothesis was tested. Out of the population of 8,226, a sample of 612 students was chosen using stratified random sampling technique. An instrument designed by the researchers named “Student Opinion Questionnaire” (SOQ) was validated and found valid for use for data collection. One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) statistics was used to test the hypothesis at 0.05 alpha level. The result shows that parental control had significant influence on the overall problem tendencies of the respondents. The study found that certain trait related problem tendencies were more influenced than the other. For example, high parental control significantly influenced problem tendencies associated with intellectual and social traits but do not influence problem tendencies associated with physical and social traits. The study recommended that parents should be moderate in control over their children to reduce vulnerability to intellectual and social trait related problem tendencies. Parents and teachers should be responsive to students behaviour hence through their control help them develop desirable behaviour tendencies. Keywords: Parental, control, problem, tendencies, children, basic, education
Quarkonium wave functions on the light front
Creators: name: Li, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study heavy quarkonium within the light-front Hamiltonian formalism. Our effective Hamiltonian is based on the holographic QCD confining potential and the one-gluon exchange interaction with a running coupling. The obtained spectra are compared with experimental measurements. We present a set of light-front wave functions, which exhibit rich structure and are consistent with the nonrelativistic picture. Finally, we use the wave functions to compute the charge and mass radii.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures. Conference proceedings for Light Cone 2016
Photon-phonon-photon transfer in optomechanics
Creators: name: Rakhubovsky, Andrey A.
name: Filip, Radim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider transfer of a highly nonclassical quantum state through an optomechanical system. That is we investigate a protocol consisting of sequential upload, storage and reading out of the quantum state from a mechanical mode of an optomechanical system. We show that provided the input state is in a test-bed single-photon Fock state, the Wigner function of the recovered state can have negative values at the origin, which is a manifest of nonclassicality of the quantum state of the macroscopic mechanical mode and the overall transfer protocol itself. Moreover, we prove that the recovered state is quantum non-Gaussian for wide range of setup parameters. We verify that current electromechanical and optomechanical experiments can test this complete transfer of single photon.
description: 8 pages 4 figures, published version
title: Acceleration-Based Collision Criticality Metric for Holistic Online Safety Assessment in Automated Driving
Creators: name: Wang, Cheng
name: Popp, Christoph
name: Winner, Hermann
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2024

description: Criticality metrics are not only essential for collision avoidance systems but also play a vital role for verification and validation of automated vehicles. With respect to the first application, criticality metrics should be real-time capable and applicable in various traffic situations. For the second application, holistic safety evaluation by criticality metrics is desired. However, existing criticality metrics hardly meet these two requirements. They are either only applicable in post-processing or only assess the safety of maneuvers in longitudinal direction. Therefore, we propose a new acceleration-based criticality metric, which is real-time capable and applicable in both longitudinal and lateral directions. The theory of the proposed criticality metric is introduced and the definition is explained according to different scenarios. A simulation platform is established to validate the criticality metric. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed criticality metric takes all possible maneuvers into account when meeting a critical situation. Apart from the longitudinal behavior, the lateral behavior of automated vehicles can also be evaluated in real-time. Consequently, it has a wider application scope than other criticality metrics. To demonstrate its contribution to verification and validation of automated vehicles, we apply the criticality metric to a naturalistic driving dataset. The results prove that our criticality metric has a higher precision and recall than Time to Collision. Additionally, it combines the abilities of Time to Collision and Time Head Way to assess the safety of automated vehicles in the longitudinal direction. The proposed criticality metric is real-time capable and is suitable for different situations.
Majorana Zero-Modes in a Two-Dimensional $p$-Wave Superconductor
Creators: name: Phong, Vo Tien
name: Walet, Niels R.
name: Guinea, Francisco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the formation of Majorana zero-modes at the edge of a two-dimensional topological superconductor. In particular, we study a time-reversal-invariant triplet phase that is likely to exist in doped Bi$_2$Se$_3$. Upon the introduction of an in-plane magnetic field to the superconductor, a gap is opened in the surface modes, which induces localized Majorana modes. The position of these modes can be simply manipulated by changing the orientation of the applied field, yielding novel methods for braiding these states with possible applications to topological quantum computation.
description: 18 pages, 15 figures; updated discussion on projected Hamiltonian and added a table of realistic parameters
JAMIYAT TARAQQIYOTI MADANIYAT VA SAN'ATNING O'RNI VA AHAMIYATI
Creators: name: Gulmuodova, Kumush
name: Nishonova, Jumagul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ushbu maqolada madaniyat va san’at sohasining jamiyatdagi o‘rni, sohada amalga oshirilayotgan islohot va yangiliklar hamda qaror va loyihalar xususida so‘z boradi.
The low luminosity behaviour of the 4U 0115+63 Be/X-ray transient
Creators: name: Escorial, Alicia Rouco
name: Nielsen, Ann-Sofie Bak
name: Wijnands, Rudy
name: Cavecchi, Yuri
name: Degenaar, Nathalie
name: Patruno, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Be/X-ray transient 4U 0115+63 exhibited a giant, type-II outburst in October 2015. The source did not decay to its quiescent state but settled in a meta-stable plateau state (a factor ~10 brighter than quiescence) in which its luminosity slowly decayed. We used XMM-Newton to observe the system during this phase and we found that its spectrum can be well described using a black-body model with a small emitting radius. This suggests emission from hot spots on the surface, which is confirmed by the detection of pulsations. In addition, we obtained a relatively long (~7.9 ksec) Swift/XRT observation ~35 days after our XMM-Newton one. We found that the source luminosity was significantly higher and, although the spectrum could be fitted with a black-body model the temperature was higher and the emitting radius smaller. Several weeks later the system started a sequence of type-I accretion outbursts. In between those outbursts, the source was marginally detected with a luminosity consistent with its quiescent level. We discuss our results in the context of the three proposed scenarios (accretion down to the magnestospheric boundary, direct accretion onto neutron star magnetic poles or cooling of the neutron star crust) to explain the plateau phase.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Equation of state of nuclear and neutron matter at third-order in perturbation theory from chiral EFT
Creators: name: Holt, J. W.
name: Kaiser, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute from chiral two- and three-nucleon interactions the energy per particle of symmetric nuclear matter and pure neutron matter at third-order in perturbation theory including self-consistent second-order single-particle energies. Particular attention is paid to the third-order particle-hole ring-diagram, which is often neglected in microscopic calculations of the equation of state. We provide semi-analytic expressions for the direct terms from central and tensor model-type interactions that are useful as theoretical benchmarks. We investigate uncertainties arising from the order-by-order convergence in both many-body perturbation theory and the chiral expansion. Including also variations in the resolution scale at which nuclear forces are resolved, we provide new error bands on the equation of state, the isospin-asymmetry energy, and its slope parameter. We find in particular that the inclusion of third-order diagrams reduces the theoretical uncertainty at low densities, while in general the largest error arises from omitted higher-order terms in the chiral expansion of the nuclear forces.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures
Erfolgreiches Absetzen der Bioferkel
Creators: name: Früh, Barbara
name: Hagmüller, Werner
name: Walkenhorst, Michael
name: Wesselmann, Stefan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Ferkel
Gesundheit
Tiergesundheit
Homöopathie
Phytotherapie
Absetzdurchfall

description: Das Merkblatt erörtert die Schwierigkeiten rund um das Absetzen der Ferkel und zeigt, welche Maßnahmen nötig sind, um Problemen vorzubeugen und diese im akuten Fall zu beheben. Neben Empfehlungen zur Optimierung von Haltung, Management und Fütterung werden im Biolandbau zugelassene Futtermittelergänzungen zur Stabilisierung der Verdauung der Ferkel aufgeführt. Arzneipflanzen und Homöopathika zur Prophylaxe und Linderung der Symptome der Durchfallerkrankungen runden den Praxisleitfaden ab.
Valence state of Sm in single crystalline EuO thin films
Creators: name: Reisner, A.
name: Kasinathan, D.
name: Wirth, S.
name: Tjeng, L. H.
name: Altendorf, S. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Samarium has two stable valence states, 2+ and 3+, which coexist in many compounds forming spatially homogeneous intermediate valence states. We study the valence state of samarium when incorporated in a single crystalline EuO thin film which crystallizes in a $fcc$-structure similar to that of the intermediate valence SmO, but with a larger lattice constant. Due to the increased lattice spacing, a stabilization of the larger Sm$^{2+}$ ion is expected. Surprisingly, the samarium incorporated in Sm$_{\mathrm{x}}$Eu$_{\mathrm{1-x}}$O thin films shows a predominantly trivalent character, as determined by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and magnetometry measurements. We infer that the O$^{2-}$ ions in the EuO lattice have enough room to move locally, so as to reduce the Sm-O distance and stabilize the Sm$^{3+}$ valence.
Spectral functions of a time-periodically driven Falicov-Kimball model: real-space Floquet DMFT study
Creators: name: Qin, Tao
name: Hofstetter, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematic study of spectral functions of a time-periodically driven Falicov-Kimball Hamiltonian. In the high-frequency limit, this system can be effectively described as a Harper-Hofstadter-Falicov-Kimball model. Using real-space Floquet dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT), we take into account interaction effects and contributions from higher Floquet bands in a non-perturbative way. Our calculations show a high degree of similarity between the interacting driven system and its effective static counterpart with respect to spectral properties. However, as also illustrated by our results, one should bear in mind that Floquet DMFT describes a non-equilibrium steady state (NESS), while an effective static Hamiltonian describes an equilibrium state. We further demonstrate the possibility of using real-space Floquet DMFT to study edge states on a cylinder geometry.
description: 5+3 pages; 4 figures; References added; Published version
A retrospective investigation of the relationship between baseline covariates and rate of ALSFRS-R decline in ALS clinical trials
Creators: name: Daghlas, Iyas
name: Lever, Teresa E.
name: Leary, Emily
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: The revised ALS functional rating scale (ALSFRS-R) is a longitudinal measure of global function commonly used to assess progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and as an endpoint in ALS clinical trials. Understanding how baseline covariates affect the rate of functional decline in ALS offers valuable information to clinical trialists. We used a mixed modeling approach in a retrospective study of the pooled resource open-Access ALS clinical trials database to elucidate the associations between baseline covariates and the rate of ALSFRS-R decline over time. In a cohort of 3203 patients followed for an average of 337 days, older age at disease onset (p < 0.001), less time since disease onset (p < 0.001), and bulbar site of onset (p < 0.001) were associated with a significantly faster decline of the ALSFRS-R, while sex did not have a statistically significant effect (p = 0.82). Selective inclusion of ‘age at disease onset’ and ‘time since disease onset’ as covariates provided the best tradeoff between model fit and model precision. The effect of bulbar onset on rate of disease progression was primarily due to accelerated decline in the bulbar subscale of the ALSFRS-R. These findings, which are novel in the clinical trial time frame, contribute to the understanding of disease trajectory in ALS and can be used to guide future design and analysis of clinical trials.
Motor neuron disease mortality rates in New Zealand 1992–2013
Creators: name: Cao, Maize C.
name: Chancellor, Andrew
name: Charleston, Alison
name: Dragunow, Mike
name: Scotter, Emma L.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Background: We determined the mortality rates of motor neuron disease (MND) in New Zealand over 22 years from 1992 to 2013. Previous studies have found an unusually high and/or increasing incidence of MND in certain regions of New Zealand; however, no studies have examined MND rates nationwide to corroborate this. Methods: Death certificate data coded G12.2 by International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 coding, or 335.2 by ICD-9 coding were obtained. These codes specify amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, progressive bulbar palsy, or other motor neuron diseases as the underlying cause of death. Mortality rates for MND deaths in New Zealand were age-standardized to the European Standard Population and compared with rates from international studies that also examined death certificate data and were age-standardized to the same standard population. Results and Conclusion: The age-standardized mortality from MND in New Zealand was 2.3 per 100,000 per year from 1992–2007 and 2.8 per 100,000 per year from 2008–2013. These rates were 3.3 and 4.0 per 100,000 per year, respectively, for the population 20 years and older. The increase in rate between these two time periods was likely due to changes in MND death coding from 2008. Contrary to a previous regional study of MND incidence, nationwide mortality rates did not increase steadily over this time period once aging was accounted for. However, New Zealand MND mortality rate was higher than comparable studies we examined internationally (mean 1.67 per 100,000 per year), suggesting that further analysis of MND burden in New Zealand is warranted.
Propagation of cosmic rays in the AMS-02 era
Creators: name: Yuan, Qiang
name: Lin, Su-Jie
name: Fang, Kun
name: Bi, Xiao-Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we use the newly reported Boron-to-Carbon ratio (B/C) from AMS-02 and the time-dependent proton fluxes from PAMELA and AMS-02 to constrain the source and propagation parameters of cosmic rays in the Milky Way. A linear correlation of the solar modulation parameter with solar activities is assumed to account for the time-varying cosmic ray fluxes. A comprehensive set of propagation models, with/without reacceleration or convection, have been discussed and compared. We find that only the models with reacceleration can self-consistently fit both the proton and B/C data. The rigidity dependence slope of the diffusion coefficient, $δ$, is found to be about $0.38-0.50$ for the diffusion-reacceleration models. The plain diffusion and diffusion-convection models fit the data poorly. We compare different model predictions of the positron and antiproton fluxes with the data. We find that the diffusion-reacceleration models over-produce low energy positrons, while non-reacceleration models give better fit to the data. As for antiprotons, reacceleration models tend to under-predict low energy antiproton fluxes, unless a phenomenological modification of the velocity-dependence of the diffusion coefficient is applied. Our results suggest that there could be important differences of the propagation for nuclei and leptons, in either the Milky Way or the solar heliosphere.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures and 3 tables; published in Phys. Rev. D
Gapless surface states originated from accidentally degenerate quadratic band touching in a three-dimensional tetragonal photonic crystal
Creators: name: Ochiai, Tetsuyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A tetragonal photonic crystal composed of high-index pillars can exhibit a frequency-isolated accidental degeneracy at a high-symmetry point in the first Brillouin zone. A photonic band gap can be formed there by introducing a geometrical anisotropy in the pillars. In this gap, gapless surface/domain-wall states emerge under a certain condition. We analyze their physical property in terms of an effective hamiltonian, and a good agreement between the effective theory and numerical calculation is obtained.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Creating the Assembling Queer Displacement Archive
Creators: name: Dixson, Renee
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2024

description: The Assembling Queer Displacement Archive (AQDA) is a PhD by creative work and a pioneering initiative designed to challenge dominant narratives surrounding displacement experiences and shed light on the silenced stories of LGBTIQ+ forcibly displaced individuals. Rooted in the amalgamation of professional expertise and personal lived experiences of LGBTIQ+ forced displacement, this project leverages the collective wisdom of individuals who have embarked on similar journeys. Embracing the transformative potential of lived experiences, AQDA introduces valuable insights with broader implications for archival practices. AQDA is conceived as an experimentally born, queer digital archive of oral histories about LGBTIQ+ forced displacement, marking the inaugural attempt to capture and preserve this specific phenomenon. Beyond its archival function, AQDA is a political act of survival. AQDA comprises of oral histories from LGBTIQ+ individuals who had sought refuge, asylum, or migrated from non-Western countries and were over 18 years old. Narrators contributed their narratives through interviews, which were recorded in audio or video formats. Additional considerations for the protection of narrators' privacy and safety were in place. AQDA strives to present oral histories with sensitivity and respect through the incorporation of a "generous interface", a concept inspired by Whitelaw (2015). The development of AQDA is guided by the Feminist Standpoint Appraisal methodology, which explicitly values records created and preserved by individuals and communities oppressed by capitalism, white supremacy, and heteropatriarchy (Caswell, 2021). It also draws inspiration from Jamie Ann Lee's Queer/ed Archival Methodology (2015), emphasising reflexivity, flexibility, and attentiveness as mechanisms to challenge established archival norms. In doing so, AQDA represents a significant milestone as it seeks to safeguard the narratives of LGBTIQ+ individuals subjected to forced migration for the first time.
Motor neuron disease mortality rates in New Zealand 1992–2013
Creators: name: Cao, Maize C.
name: Chancellor, Andrew
name: Charleston, Alison
name: Dragunow, Mike
name: L. Scotter, Emma
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Background: We determined the mortality rates of motor neuron disease (MND) in New Zealand over 22 years from 1992 to 2013. Previous studies have found an unusually high and/or increasing incidence of MND in certain regions of New Zealand; however, no studies have examined MND rates nationwide to corroborate this. Methods: Death certificate data coded G12.2 by International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 coding, or 335.2 by ICD-9 coding were obtained. These codes specify amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, progressive bulbar palsy, or other motor neuron diseases as the underlying cause of death. Mortality rates for MND deaths in New Zealand were age-standardized to the European Standard Population and compared with rates from international studies that also examined death certificate data and were age-standardized to the same standard population. Results and Conclusion: The age-standardized mortality from MND in New Zealand was 2.3 per 100,000 per year from 1992–2007 and 2.8 per 100,000 per year from 2008–2013. These rates were 3.3 and 4.0 per 100,000 per year, respectively, for the population 20 years and older. The increase in rate between these two time periods was likely due to changes in MND death coding from 2008. Contrary to a previous regional study of MND incidence, nationwide mortality rates did not increase steadily over this time period once aging was accounted for. However, New Zealand MND mortality rate was higher than comparable studies we examined internationally (mean 1.67 per 100,000 per year), suggesting that further analysis of MND burden in New Zealand is warranted.
Accelarated immune ageing is associated with COVID-19 disease severity
Creators: name: Lord, JM
name: Veenith, T
name: Sullivan, J
name: Sharma-Oates, A
name: Richter, AG
name: Greening, NJ
name: McAuley, HJC
name: Evans, RA
name: Moss, P
name: Moore, SC
name: Turtle, L
name: Gautam, N
name: Gilani, A
name: Bajaj, M
name: Wain, LV
name: Brightling, C
name: Raman, B
name: Marks, M
name: Singapuri, A
name: Elneima, O
name: Openshaw, PJM
name: Duggal, NA
name: group, PHOSPCOVID Study collaborative
name: investigators, ISARIC4C
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: Immunology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
classificationCode: Human Biology & Physiology
subject: Human Biology & Physiology
classificationCode: Model organisms
subject: Model organisms

description: Background: The striking increase in COVID-19 severity in older adults provides a clear example of immunesenescence, the age-related remodelling of the immune system. To better characterise the association between convalescent immunesenescence and acute disease severity, we determined the immune phenotype of COVID-19 survivors and non-infected controls. Results: We performed detailed immune phenotyping of peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from 103 COVID-19 survivors 3–5 months post recovery who were classified as having had severe (n = 56; age 53.12 ± 11.30 years), moderate (n = 32; age 52.28 ± 11.43 years) or mild (n = 15; age 49.67 ± 7.30 years) disease and compared with age and sex-matched healthy adults (n = 59; age 50.49 ± 10.68 years). We assessed a broad range of immune cell phenotypes to generate a composite score, IMM-AGE, to determine the degree of immune senescence. We found increased immunesenescence features in severe COVID-19 survivors compared to controls including: a reduced frequency and number of naïve CD4 and CD8 T cells (p < 0.0001); increased frequency of EMRA CD4 (p < 0.003) and CD8 T cells (p < 0.001); a higher frequency (p < 0.0001) and absolute numbers (p < 0.001) of CD28−ve CD57+ve senescent CD4 and CD8 T cells; higher frequency (p < 0.003) and absolute numbers (p < 0.02) of PD-1 expressing exhausted CD8 T cells; a two-fold increase in Th17 polarisation (p < 0.0001); higher frequency of memory B cells (p < 0.001) and increased frequency (p < 0.0001) and numbers (p < 0.001) of CD57+ve senescent NK cells. As a result, the IMM-AGE score was significantly higher in severe COVID-19 survivors than in controls (p < 0.001). Few differences were seen for those with moderate disease and none for mild disease. Regression analysis revealed the only pre-existing variable influencing the IMM-AGE score was South Asian ethnicity (β = 0.174, p = 0.043), with a major influence being disease severity (β = 0.188, p = 0.01). Conclusions: Our analyses reveal a state of enhanced immune ageing in survivors of severe COVID-19 and suggest this could be related to SARS-Cov-2 infection. Our data support the rationale for trials of anti-immune ageing interventions for improving clinical outcomes in these patients with severe disease.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and food intake
Creators: name: Pupillo, Elisabetta
name: Bianchi, Elisa
name: Chiò, Adriano
name: Casale, Federico
name: Zecca, Chiara
name: Tortelli, Rosanna
name: Beghi, Ettore
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Objective: To verify if specific foods and nutrients could be risk factors or protective factors for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Methods: Patients with newly diagnosed ALS from three Italian administrative regions were included. For each patient, a healthy control, matched for age (±5 years), sex and administrative region of residence, was selected by a general practitioner. Cases and controls were interviewed by a trained investigator who filled a validated and reproducible food-frequency questionnaire. Daily intake of macronutrients, micronutrients, fatty acids, and total energy were estimated using an Italian food composition database. Results: Two hundred and twelve cases and 212 controls were included. A risk reduction was found for coffee and tea (odds ratios (OR) = 0.29, 95% CI 0.14–0.60), whole bread (OR = 0.55, 95% CI 0.31–0.99), raw vegetables (OR = 0.25, 95% CI 0.13–0.52) and citrus fruits (OR = 0.49, 95% CI 0.25–0.97). A risk increase was observed for red meat (OR = 2.96, 95% CI 1.46–5.99) and pork and processed meat (OR = 3.87, 95% CI 1.86–8.07). An increased risk was found for total protein (OR = 2.96, 95% CI 1.08–8.10), animal protein (OR = 2.91, 95% CI 1.33–6.38), sodium (OR = 3.96, 95% CI 1.45–10.84), zinc (OR = 2.78, 95% CI 1.01–7.83) and glutamic acid (OR = 3.63, 95% CI 1.08–12.2). Conclusions: Some foods/nutrients may be risk factors and others protective factors for ALS.
VITALITY-ALS, a phase III trial of tirasemtiv, a selective fast skeletal muscle troponin activator, as a potential treatment for patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: study design and baseline characteristics
Creators: name: Andrews, Jinsy A.
name: Cudkowicz, Merit E.
name: Hardiman, Orla
name: Meng, Lisa
name: Bian, Amy
name: Lee, Jacqueline
name: Wolff, Andrew A.
name: Malik, Fady I.
name: Shefner, Jeremy M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Objective: To assess the efficacy of tirasemtiv, a fast skeletal muscle troponin activator, vs. placebo on respiratory function and other functional measures in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). This study was designed to confirm and extend results from a large phase IIb trial and maximize tolerability with a slower dose escalation. Methods: VITALITY-ALS (NCT02496767) was a multinational, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study in ALS patients. Participants who tolerated two weeks of open-label tirasemtiv (125 mg twice a day) were randomized 3:2:2:2 to placebo or one of three target total daily dose levels of tirasemtiv (250, 375, or 500 mg). Participants randomized to tirasemtiv escalated their dose every two weeks to their target dose level or maximum tolerated dose. The primary outcome measure was change in slow vital capacity from baseline to 24 weeks. Secondary endpoints assessed the effect of tirasemtiv on muscle strength and certain respiratory milestones of disease progression. A four-week randomized withdrawal phase followed 48 weeks of treatment to evaluate the possibility of sustained benefit or rebound decline. Results: Data collection will be complete in the fourth quarter of 2017. Conclusions: VITALITY-ALS was a phase III trial designed to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of tirasemtiv in ALS.
Pion Production in Rare Isotope Collisions
Creators: name: Tsang, M. B.
name: Estee, J.
name: Setiawan, H.
name: Lynch, W. G.
name: Barney, J.
name: Chen, M. B.
name: Cerizza, G.
name: Danielewicz, P.
name: Hong, J.
name: Morfouace, P.
name: Shane, R.
name: Tangwancharoen, S.
name: Zhu, K.
name: Isobe, T.
name: Kurata-Nishimura, M.
name: Lukasik, J.
name: Murakami, T.
name: collaboration, the SπRIT
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pion energy spectra are presented for central collisions of neutron-rich 132Sn+124Sn and neutron-deficient 108Sn+112Sn systems using simulations with Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck transport model. These calculations, which incorporate isospin-dependent mean field potentials for relevant baryons and mesons, display a sensitivity to the pion spectra that could allow significant constraints on the density dependence of the symmetry energy and its mean field potential at supra-saturation densities. The predicted sensitivity increases with the isospin asymmetry of the total system and decreases with incident energy.
title: Rudolf Steiger
title: 18. Mai 1896 bis 20. März 1978
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Balmer, Heinz
Publisher: name: Zentralbibliothek Zürich
Year: 1978
Subjects: subject: 920 Biografien, Genealogie, Insignien
subject: Nachruf
subject: Steiger, Rudolf
subject: Zürich

description: Sonderdruck aus Gesnerus; 35, 1/2, Seiten 144-148
Assessing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis prevalence in Norway from 2009 to 2015 from compulsory nationwide health registers
Creators: name: Nakken, Ola
name: Lindstrøm, Jonas Christoffer
name: Tysnes, Ole-Bjørn
name: Holmøy, Trygve
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Objective: In Norway, diagnoses from specialist health care visits, drug prescriptions, and causes of deaths are registered in compulsory health registers. We aimed to determine amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) prevalence from 2009 to 2015 by combining these registers. Methods: We validated the Norwegian Patient Registry (NPR) through hospital files, and linked it with the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry and the Norwegian Prescription Database. Poisson regression models were fitted for estimating gender ratios, time trends and possible interactions. Similar models were used for mortality data subtracted from the dataset. Results: Eleven percent of patients with at least one ALS-related entry in NPR did not have ALS. ALS prevalence could nevertheless be reliably estimated through ascertaining cases identified in two separate registers, or with at least two entries in NPR with first entry within four years prior to prevalence date. ALS prevalence remained stable, and was 7.6/100,000 (95% CI 6.9–8.4) at 31st December 2015. Mean male:female ratio was higher for prevalence (1.8; 95% CI 1.6–2.0) than for mortality (1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8) (p = 0.04). There were also significant regional differences in prevalence (p < 0.01) but not in mortality. Conclusions: Norwegian compulsory health registers provide reliable tools for ALS surveillance, and suggest gender and regional differences in survival after diagnosis.