cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Lagrangian-space Effective Field Theory of Large Scale Structures
Creators: name: Porto, Rafael A.
name: Senatore, Leonardo
name: Zaldarriaga, Matias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a Lagrangian-space Effective Field Theory (LEFT) formalism for the study of cosmological large scale structures. Unlike the previous Eulerian-space construction, it is naturally formulated as an effective field theory of extended objects in Lagrangian space. In LEFT the resulting finite size effects are described using a multipole expansion parameterized by a set of time dependent coefficients and organized in powers of the ratio of the wavenumber of interest $k$ over the non-linear scale $k_{\rm NL}$. The multipoles encode the effects of the short distance modes on the long-wavelength universe and absorb UV divergences when present. There are no IR divergences in LEFT. Some of the parameters that control the perturbative approach are not assumed to be small and can be automatically resummed. We present an illustrative one-loop calculation for a power law universe. We describe the dynamics both at the level of the equations of motion and through an action formalism.
description: 38+13 pages. 3 figures. Minor changes. Version to appear in JCAP
Random transitions described by the stochastic Smoluchowski-Poisson system and by the stochastic Keller-Segel model
Creators: name: Chavanis, P. H.
name: Delfini, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study random transitions between two metastable states that appear below a critical temperature in a one dimensional self-gravitating Brownian gas with a modified Poisson equation experiencing a second order phase transition from a homogeneous phase to an inhomogeneous phase. We numerically solve the $N$-body Langevin equations and the stochastic Smoluchowski-Poisson system which takes fluctuations (finite $N$ effects) into account. The system switches back and forth between the two metastable states (bistability) and the particles accumulate successively at the center or at the boundary of the domain. We show that these random transitions exhibit the phenomenology of the ordinary Kramers problem for a Brownian particle in a double-well potential. The distribution of the residence time is Poissonian and the average lifetime of a metastable state is given by the Arrhenius law, i.e. it is proportional to the exponential of the barrier of free energy $ΔF$ divided by $k_B T$. Since the free energy is proportional to the number of particles $N$ for a system with long-range interactions, the lifetime of metastable states scales as $e^N$ and is considerable for $N\gg 1$. As a result, in many applications, metastable states of systems with long-range interactions can be considered as stable states. However, for moderate values of $N$, or close to a critical point $T_c$, the lifetime of the metastable states is reduced since the barrier of free energy decreases. In that case, the fluctuations become important and the mean field approximation is no more valid. This is the situation considered in this paper. By an appropriate change of notations, our results also apply to bacterial populations experiencing chemotaxis in biology. Their dynamics can be described by a stochastic Keller-Segel model that takes fluctuations into account and goes beyond the usual mean field approximation.
The Folded Radial Forearm Flap in Lip and Nose Reconstruction—Still a Unique Choice
Creators: name: Ettl, Tobias
name: Gottsauner, Maximilian
name: Kühnel, Thomas
name: Maurer, Michael
name: Schuderer, Johannes G.
name: Spörl, Steffen
name: Taxis, Jürgen
name: Reichert, Torsten E.
name: Fiedler, Mathias
name: Meier, Johannes K.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: radial forearm flap; folded; lip; nose; flexible
subject: 610 Medizin

description: (1) Background: The radial forearm flap (RFF) has evolved as the flap of choice for intraoral mucosal reconstructions, providing thin and pliable skin with a safe blood supply. Perforator flaps such as the anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap are increasingly being discussed for the same applications. (2) Methods: Patient history, treatment details, and outcome of 12 patents with moderate to extended defects of the lip and/or nose area that were reconstructed by a folded radial forearm flap were retrospectively evaluated for oncologic and functional outcomes. (3) Results: The mean oncologic and functional follow-up were 21.1 (min. 3.8; max. 83.3) and 31.2 (min. 6; max. 96) months, respectively. All flaps survived without revision. In eight cases, major lip defects were reconstructed by an RFF; in six patients, the palmaris longus tendon was included for lip suspension. The functional results in terms of eating, drinking, and mouth opening were good in five cases, while three patients were graded as fair due to moderate drooling. In seven cases, the major parts of the nose were reconstructed with two good and five fair (nostril constriction in three cases) functional results. (4) Conclusions: The folded RFF remains a unique free flap option for complex three-dimensional lip and nose reconstructions in terms of flexibility, versatility, and robustness.
CURRENT STATUS OF THE CHINESE PANGOLIN IN SOME COMMUNITY FORESTS OF ARUNACHAL PRADESH, INDIA
Creators: name: CHIGING PILIA
name: NEEROJ MOSSANG
name: DONGCHE BONI
name: MINAM TAGGU
name: DANIEL MIZE
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Arunachal Pradesh lies in the north-easternmost part of India and comprises a major portion of the biological hot spot region of the Eastern Himalaya, with vegetation ranging from tropical to alpine. Generally, pangolins are nocturnal, elusive, non-aggressive, solitary, insectivorous, and burrowing animals . They play a role in maintaining ant and termite populations in various ecosystems. The current status of Chinese Pangolin In Arunachal Pradesh shows High counts of burrows recorded from Mebo and Mariyang community forest and Parsi-Parlo circle. A total of 63 burrows were located. There were 28 burrows in the Renuk community forest; 17 burrows in the ParsiParlo circle; 10 burrows in Mebo and 8 burrows in the Mariyang community forest. . The lack of information, awareness and unchecked hunting among the local residents with reference to this species and increased habitat degradation in the area has increased threats to pangolins.
The Development of Elite Rugby Union Officiating in Wales: A Critical Analysis
Creators: name: Hennessy, Neil
Publisher: name: Cardiff Metropolitan University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Sports science and exercise not elsewhere classified

description: Rugby refereeing requires its practitioners to possess certain qualities. MacIntyre (1981) emphasises the importance of moral goods defined with respect to a community of virtuous persons engaged in a social practice. Whereas a virtue ethics account of playing and coaching has evolved (Brown, 1990; McNamee, 1995), little philosophical work exists on the role and status of elite match officials. The significance attached to the outcome of elite sport contests provide principled and instrumental reasons as to why this particular sporting aspect requires attention. Existing sports officiating research deals primarily with psychological (Bar-Eli et al., 1995; Boyko et al., 2007; Nevill et al., 2002; Weinberg et al., 1990) and physiological issues (Castagna et al., 2007; InÃ¡cio da Silva et al., 2008; Reilly et al., 2006). This work does little to explain the role and function of elite officiating. This interpretive study aims to enhance role understanding within a MacIntyrean framework, using elite Rugby Union officiating in Wales as its particular context. It examines the extent to which elite Rugby officiating can be considered part of a social practice by investigating the elite refereeâ€™s role as an arbitrator of justice and fairness and other responsibilities that may constitute the internal goods and virtues that safeguard the game. This analysis provides principled foundations for identifying those aspects of the referee development structure that represent â€˜good practiceâ€™ and those that require reform. Key findings suggest (i) that Rugby refereeing is unique within sports officiating, (ii) that officiating is an integral yet imprecisely understood part of the practice; what Morgan (2007) refers to as a social collaboration and (iii) that greater interactivity between playing, coaching and officiating would enhance the growing understanding of Welsh Rugby as a commodified product. Subsequent recommendations include implementing a holistic approach to developing the game through the creation of a Rugby triumvirate and maximising the limited resources in the referee development process through early talent identification.
Rattus losea
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Muridae
Rattus
Rattus losea

description: Rattus losea (Swinhoe, 1871). Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1870:637. TYPE LOCALITY: Taiwan. DISTRIBUTION: Taiwan; Hainan IsL and Fukien (China) to Vietnam; Thailand; Malaya. COMMENT: Includes exiguus and sakeratensis; see Marshall, 1977, in Lekagul and McNeely, p. 465. ISIS NUMBER: 5301410011058060001 as R. losea. 5301410011058040001 as R. exiguus.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 5), pp. 504-560 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 550, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353037
Top quark pair production at small transverse momentum in hadronic collisions
Creators: name: Li, Hai Tao
name: Li, Chong Sheng
name: Shao, Ding Yu
name: Yang, Li Lin
name: Zhu, Hua Xing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the transverse momentum resummation for top quark pair production at hadron colliders using the soft-collinear effective theory and the heavy-quark effective theory. We derive the factorization formula for $t\bar{t}$ production at small pair transverse momentum, and show in detail the procedure for calculating the key ingredient of the factorization formula: the next-to-leading order soft functions. We compare our numerical results with experimental data and find that they are consistent within theoretical and experimental uncertainties. To verify the correctness of our resummation formula, we expand it to the next-to-leading order and the next-to-next-to-leading order, and compare those expressions with the exact fixed-order results numerically. Finally, using the results of transverse momentum resummation, we discuss the transverse-momentum-dependent forward-backward asymmetry at the Tevatron.
description: 39 pages, 7 figures, 1 table; final version in PRD
Role of Estrogen Receptor β, G-Protein Coupled Estrogen Receptor and Estrogen-Related Receptors in Endometrial and Ovarian Cancer
Creators: name: Schüler-Toprak, Susanne
name: Skrzypczak, Maciej
name: Gründker, Carsten
name: Ortmann, Olaf
name: Treeck, Oliver
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: estrogen related receptor; estrogen receptors; G protein-coupled estrogen receptor; ovarian cancer; endometrial cancer
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Ovarian and endometrial cancers are affected by estrogens and their receptors. It has been long known that in different types of cancers, estrogens activate tumor cell proliferation via estrogen receptor α (ERα). In contrast, the role of ERs discovered later, including ERβ and G-protein-coupled ER (GPER1), in cancer is less well understood, but the current state of knowledge indicates them to have a considerable impact on both cancer development and progression. Moreover, estrogen related receptors (ERRs) have been reported to affect pathobiology of many tumor types. This article provides a summary and update of the current findings on the role of ERβ, GPER1, and ERRs in ovarian and endometrial cancer. For this purpose, original research articles on the role of ERβ, GPER1, and ERRs in ovarian and endometrial cancers listed in the PubMed database have been reviewed.
Experimental implementation of an eight-dimensional Kochen-Specker set and observation of its connection with the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger theorem
Creators: name: Cañas, Gustavo
name: Etcheverry, Sebastián
name: Gómez, Esteban S.
name: Saavedra, Carlos
name: Xavier, Guilherme B.
name: Lima, Gustavo
name: Cabello, Adán
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For eight-dimensional quantum systems there is a Kochen-Specker (KS) set of 40 quantum yes-no tests that is related to the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) proof of Bell's theorem. Here we experimentally implement this KS set using an eight-dimensional Hilbert space spanned by the transverse momentum of single photons. We show that the experimental results of these tests violate a state-independent noncontextuality inequality. In addition, we show that, if the system is prepared in states that are formally equivalent to a three-qubit GHZ and $W$ states, then the results of a subset of 16 tests violate a noncontextuality inequality that is formally equivalent to the three-party Mermin's Bell inequality, but for single eight-dimensional quantum systems. These experimental results highlight the connection between quantum contextuality and nonlocality for eight-dimensional quantum systems.
description: REVTeX4, 8 pages, 8 figures
20 years of INTEGRAL /OMC optical monitoring of high energy sources
Creators: name: Alfonso-Garzón, Julia
name: Domingo, Albert
name: Mas-Hesse, J. Miguel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Optical Monitoring Camera (OMC)
INTEGRAL
Optical photometry

description: OMC, the Optical Monitoring Camera onboard INTEGRAL, has been monitoring the optical emission of hundreds of high energy sources during the last 20 years OMC performs optical V Johnson observations with exposure times of 10 50 and 200 seconds, simultaneously to the high energy observations obtained by the other instruments on INTEGRAL ( SPI and JEM X), downloading in addition the photometric data for around 100 objects within its 5 º ×5 º field of view In this contribution we review some representative results derived from the analysis of simultaneous optical and high energy observations using OMC data, including AGN, X ray binaries, cataclysmic variables, and even supernova explosions At the end of the INTEGRAL mission, we will compile and publish the final INTEGRAL/OMC catalogue, containing the complete ready to use light curves and variability analysis of all the sources monitored by OMC during its lifetime.
description: OMC activities funded by MCIN/AEI/ 10 13039 501100011033 grant PID 2019 107061 GB C 61
Non-Abelian Vortices with an Aharonov-Bohm Effect
Creators: name: Evslin, Jarah
name: Konishi, Kenichi
name: Nitta, Muneto
name: Ohashi, Keisuke
name: Vinci, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interplay of gauge dynamics and flavor symmetries often leads to remarkably subtle phenomena in the presence of soliton configurations. Non-Abelian vortices -- vortex solutions with continuous internal orientational moduli -- provide an example. Here we study the effect of weakly gauging a U(1)_R subgroup of the flavor symmetry on such BPS vortex solutions. Our prototypical setting consists of an SU(2) x U(1) gauge theory with N_f=2 sets of fundamental scalars that break the gauge symmetry to an "electromagnetic" U(1). The weak U(1)_R gauging converts the well-known CP1 orientation modulus |B| of the non-Abelian vortex into a parameter characterizing the strength of the magnetic field that is responsible for the Aharonov-Bohm effect. As the phase of B remains a genuine zero mode while the electromagnetic gauge symmetry is Higgsed in the interior of the vortex, these solutions are superconducting strings.
description: Latex 28 pages
Rattus lutreolus Gray 1841
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Muridae
Rattus
Rattus lutreolus

description: Rattus lutreolus Gray, 1841. J. Two Exped. Aust., 2:409. TYPE LOCALITY: Australia, South Australia, Torrens River. DISTRIBUTION: Tasmania and adjacent islands, Victoria, S.E. South Australia, E. New South Wales, and E. Queensland (Australia). COMMENT: Includes vellerosus; see Taylor and Horner, 1973, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 150 (l):55. Reviewed by Musser, 1981, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 169(2): 123. ISIS NUMBER: 5301410011058062001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 5), pp. 504-560 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 550, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353037
description: {"references": ["Taylor, J. M., and B. E. Horner. 1973. Results of the Archbold Expeditions. No. 98. Systematics of native Australian Rattus (Rodentia, Muridae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 150: 1 - 130."]}
Motivational Perspectives in Work Based Learning: A Micro Model
Creators: name: Keeling, Debbie
Publisher: name: Cardiff Metropolitan University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Learning, motivation and emotion

description: This thesis develops a micro-model of employee perspectives in the Work-Based Learning (WBL)- motivation process. WBL plays a vital part in promoting employer/employee adaptability in today's dynamic climate. Individual motivation is central to successful WBL, underpinning individual learning, upon which organisational learning is founded. There were three key stages in model construction. Stage one constructed an initial WBL-motivation model through exploration of employer and employee perspectives of WBL; utilising six focus groups with employees (n=34) and semi structured interviews with employer representatives (senior training managers, n=3). Participants were drawn from three large financial organÃ­sations. Stage two further developed and refined model factors, focusing on the employee perspective. A research-specific motivation questionnaire was developed to assess model factors, items being based on stage one participant accounts. Following questionnaire completion by cohoÃ± one (n=100, full-time employees from a range of organisations), factors were refined using Principal Components Analysis and the questionnaire modified accordingly; following questionnaire completion by cohort two (n=98, from two SMEs), factors were confirmed using Alpha Factor Analysis and used to modify the model. Stage three identified significant factors and tested the inter-factor relationships in the WBL motivation model by entering composite scores from the research-specific questionnaire into Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analysis (participants n=96, from two SMEs). A micro-model of employee perspectives in the WBL-motivation process was produced representing salient motivational factors (valued outcomes, instrumentality, perceptions of the organisation, goal setting, goal acceptance and satisfaction) and emphasising the complexity of inter-factor relationships. This model represents the major contribution of this thesis to current theory and practice: Furthering theoretical understanding of employee motivation in WBL, and raising employer/employee awareness of salient issues, which can be used to inform WBL practice and development. This study contributes to methodology through construction of a questionnaire for WBL-motivation evaluation suitable for researchers and practitioners. Suggestions for future model development are discussed.
Snake instability of dark solitons in fermionic superfluids
Creators: name: Cetoli, A.
name: Brand, J.
name: Scott, R. G.
name: Dalfovo, F.
name: Pitaevskii, L. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present numerical calculations of the snake instability in a Fermi superfluid within the Bogoliubov-de Gennes theory of the BEC to BCS crossover using the random phase approximation complemented by time-dependent simulations. We examine the snaking behaviour across the crossover and quantify the timescale and lengthscale of the instability. While the dynamic shows extensive snaking before eventually producing vortices and sound on the BEC side of the crossover, the snaking dynamics is preempted by decay into sound due to pair breaking in the deep BCS regime. At the unitarity limit, hydrodynamic arguments allow us to link the rate of snaking to the experimentally observable ratio of inertial to physical mass of the soliton. In this limit we witness an unresolved discrepancy between our numerical estimates for the critical wavenumber of suppression of the snake instability and recent experimental observations with an ultra-cold Fermi gas.
description: Accepted for publication in PRA
Κατευθυντήριες γραμμές για την εισαγωγή και τη χρήση της τεχνητής νοημοσύνης στο Κοινοβούλιο
Creators: name: Fitsilis, Fotios
name: von Lucke, Jörn
name: Mikros, George
name: Ruckert, Jonathan
name: Alberto de Oliveira Lima, João
name: Hershowitz, Ari
name: Philip Todd, Bruce
name: Leventis, Sotiris
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Artificial intelligence not elsewhere classified

description: Καθώς η εφαρμογή της Τεχνητής Νοημοσύνης (ΤΝ) στις κοινοβουλευτικές διαδικασίες γίνεται όλο και πιο συχνή, καθίσταται απαραίτητη η θέσπιση ηθικών και επιχειρησιακών κατευθυντήριων γραμμών οι οποίες θα τη λογοδοσία, τη διαφάνεια και την ανθρώπινη αυτονομία, προωθώντας παράλληλα τους στόχους της βιώσιμης ανάπτυξης και προστατεύοντας την ιδιωτική ζωή, την ασφάλεια και την πολυμορφία. Για τον σκοπό αυτό, επ’ ευκαιρία του συνεδρίου «LegisTech: the Americas» στη Μπραζίλια (13-14 Απριλίου 2023), συγκλήθηκε τεχνική ομάδα εργασίας για την ανάπτυξη μιας πρώτης δέσμης κατευθυντήριων γραμμών για την εισαγωγή και τη χρήση της τεχνητής νοημοσύνης στην κοινοβουλευτική λειτουργία. Κεντρικό στοιχείο αυτών των κατευθυντηρίων γραμμών είναι η παραδοχή ότι κάθε προϊόν ή διαδικασία της ΤΝ οφείλει να λειτουργεί ως μέσο για την προώθηση και την προάσπιση των δικαιωμάτων που κατοχυρώνονται στην Οικουμενική Διακήρυξη των Δικαιωμάτων του Ανθρώπου. Αυτές οι προκαταρκτικές κατευθυντήριες γραμμές ταξινομούνται σε τμήματα και παρέχουν γενικές κατευθυντήριες οδηγίες, έτσι ώστε τα Κοινοβούλια να αναπτύξουν σταδιακά δικό τους κανονιστικό πλαίσιο.
Rattus macleari
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Muridae
Rattus
Rattus macleari

description: Rattus macleari (Thomas, 1887). Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1887:533. TYPE LOCALITY: Christmas IsL (Australia). DISTRIBUTION: Christmas IsL (Indian Ocean). ISIS NUMBER: 5301410011058064001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 5), pp. 504-560 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 550, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353037
Prevalence and clustering of cardiovascular disease risk factors in Welsh adolescents
Creators: name: Rees, Anwen
Publisher: name: Cardiff Metropolitan University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Cardiology (incl. cardiovascular diseases)

description: The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence and clustering of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in Welsh adolescents from different socioeconomic status (SES) and ethnicity. A cohort of 490 boys and 657 girls, aged 12.6 + 0.7 years, were assessed for CVD risk factors. Socioeconomic status was determined by school attended, and ethnicity via self-reporting. Measurements included indices of obesity, blood pressure, diet, physical activity, aerobic fîtness, blood lipids and lipoproteins, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and high-molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin. Two or more risk factors were present in 37.4Yo of the cohort, with 32.IYo classed as overweight and 37.2% reported as unfit. Moreover, 75.5% consumed diets high in saturated fat and 13.3% had elevated total cholesterol (TC) levels. Low SES adolescents had higher levels of adiposity and higher blood pressure, lower fitness levels, a more atherogenic blood lipid profile and consumed diets lower in fibre content, compared to adolescents from a higher SES. Ethnic minority adolescents had signif,rcantly higher body fat and blood pressure levels, and signihcantly lower fitness levels compared to White adolescents. Overweight individuals had an increased clustering of risk factors. Adiposity was significantly associated with blood pressure and blood lipid measures. However, TC, hs-CRP and HMW-adiponectin were significantly associated with central skinfold measures. Fitness was found to be associated with blood lipids, hs-CRP and HMW-adiponectin. Fibre intake was significantly associated with a greater number of CVD risk factors compared to fat intake. Adolescents from a low SES and/or from an ethnic minority population exhibit a higher number of risk factors compared to White adolescents and those from a higher SES. Future interventions that are developed must target increasing physical activity and fitness levels and decreasing adiposity levels, with special consideration and attention given to those populations with increased prevalence of risk factors.
Coevolutionary immune system dynamics driving pathogen speciation
Creators: name: Schlesinger, Kimberly J.
name: Stromberg, Sean P.
name: Carlson, Jean M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce and analyze a within-host dynamical model of the coevolution between rapidly mutating pathogens and the adaptive immune response. Pathogen mutation and a homeostatic constraint on lymphocytes both play a role in allowing the development of chronic infection, rather than quick pathogen clearance. The dynamics of these chronic infections display emergent structure, including branching patterns corresponding to asexual pathogen speciation, which is fundamentally driven by the coevolutionary interaction. Over time, continued branching creates an increasingly fragile immune system, and leads to the eventual catastrophic loss of immune control.
description: main article: 16 pages, 5 figures; supporting information: 3 pages
Developing a mastery motivational climate in sports coaching
Creators: name: Hassan, Mohamad Haji
Publisher: name: Cardiff Metropolitan University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Sport and exercise psychology

description: This thesis comprises of a collection of three research studies in the area of motivational climate in sports coaching. In the first study, a perceptual measure of TARGET was developed to measure the coaching behaviours by coaches that might influence athletes‟ motivational climate. The newly developed perceptual measure of TARGET was then used in the third study. The second study adopted a qualitative research method to explore the relevance and use of each of the TARGET structures by experienced performance coaches through a series of focus group interviews. Results revealed, even though most of the coaches agreed on the value of the mastery focused structures of TARGET, there were elements of performance or ego involvement that they believed to be essential in the performance sports coaching. Based on the findings from the second study, the final study instigated a mastery intervention programme for performance sports coaches in order to modify their behaviours by manipulating the TARGET structures. The perceptual measure of TARGET was usedin order to measure coaches‟ behaviours that influence perceptions of the motivational climate during the intervention programme. Results indicated that coaches had succeeded in creating a mastery climate in their coaching session through the intervention programme, and influenced the athletes‟ perceptions of mastery motivational climate and goal orientations.Inconclusion, this study hadsuccessfully addressed coaches‟ practical issues during the intervention programme to manipulate the TARGET structures, and the use of a mixed methods approach had given an impact to this research in terms of the data obtained from the coaches.
Internal modes of a skyrmion in the ferromagnetic background in chiral magnets
Creators: name: Lin, Shi-Zeng
name: Batista, Cristian D.
name: Saxena, Avadh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A spin texture called skyrmion has been recently observed in certain chiral magnets without inversion symmetry. The observed skyrmions are extended objects with typical linear sizes of 10 nm to 100 nm that contain $10^3$ to $10^5$ spins and can be deformed in response to external perturbations. Weak deformations are characterized by the internal modes which are localized around the skyrmion center. Knowledge of internal modes is crucial to assess the stability and rigidity of these topological textures. Here we compute the internal modes of a skyrmion in the ferromagnetic background state by numerical diagonalization of the dynamical matrix. We find several internal modes below the magnon continuum, such as the mode corresponding to the translational motion, and different kinds of breathing modes. The number of internal modes is larger for lower magnetic fields. Indeed, several modes become gapless in the low field region indicating that the single skyrmion solution becomes unstable, although a skyrmion lattice is thermodynamically stable. On the other hand, at high fields only three internal modes exist and the skyrmion is stable even at higher fields when the ferromagnetic state is thermodynamically stable. We also show that the presence of out-of-plane easy-axis anisotropy stabilizes the single skyrmion solution. Finally, we discuss the effects of damping and possible experimental observations of these internal modes.
description: 7 pages and 6 figures
Spin-orbit-torque magnetization switching of a three terminal perpendicular magnetic tunnel junction
Creators: name: Cubukcu, Murat
name: Boulle, Olivier
name: Drouard, Marc
name: Garello, Kevin
name: Avci, Can Onur
name: Miron, Ioan Mihai
name: Langer, Juergen
name: Ocker, Berthold
name: Gambardella, Pietro
name: Gaudin, Gilles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the current-induced magnetization switching of a three-terminal perpendicular magnetic tunnel junction by spin-orbit torque and the read-out using the tunnelling magnetoresistance (TMR) effect. The device is composed of a perpendicular Ta/FeCoB/MgO/FeCoB stack on top of a Ta current line. The magnetization of the bottom FeCoB layer can be switched reproducibly by the injection of current pulses with density $5\times10^{11}$ A/m$^2$ in the Ta layer in the presence of an in-plane bias magnetic field, leading to the full-scale change of the TMR signal. Our work demonstrates the proof of concept of a perpendicular spin-orbit torque magnetic memory cell.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
German-African Green Hydrogen Forum : Conference Proceedings ; May 23rd - 24th, Bernburg (Saale)$dOrganized by: Prof. Dr. Markus Holz, Prof. Dr. Cornelia Scott, Sven Ortmann, Ana Beatriz Barbosa, Turiel do Nascimento
Creators: name: German-African Green Hydrogen Forum
Publisher: name: Edition Hochschule Anhalt, Bernburg, Germany
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Erneuerbare Energien
subject: Klimawandel
subject: DDC::3** Sozialwissenschaften::33* Wirtschaft::333 Boden- und Energiewirtschaft

description: Green hydrogen is incredible versatile as an energy carrier and has the potential to decarbonize a wide-range of sectors that can't normally use electrification for that end. It's worldwide support is increasing rapidly, and so are the possibilities of use in different industries. This growth in the hydrogen economy and global need for clean energy enables African coastal countries to become net exporters and key players in the renewable energy markets. In our forum we've discussed Africa's great potential of regenerative energy in the form of hydrogen and its derivatives that can be a path both to forming a global supply of green hydrogen and to enable better economic growth and generate wealth on the African continent. I would like to thank our speakers and participants for the engaging and dynamic discussions proposed during the forum, contributing for its success.We plan to establish the German-African Green Hydrogen Forum as a regular event, with an important partnership alongside the University of Namibia. I look forward to seeing you again at the second German-African Green Hydrogen Forum, set to take place in the capital of Namibia, Windhoek, from September 10th to 11th 2024.
The impact of natural and synthetic PPARy ligands on endoplasmic reticulum stress and the unfolded protein response
Creators: name: Isa, Suleiman
Publisher: name: Cardiff Metropolitan University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other health sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-y (PPARy) is a ligand-activated nuclear hormone receptor. PPARy is activated by naturally-occurring (eg. oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL), and 15-deoxy-delta-12,14-prostaglandinJ2 (15dPGJ2)) and pharmacological compounds (eg. the anti-hyperglycemic agent Rosiglitazone). However, disturbance of ER functions by PPARy ligands causes ER stress, and activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR). In the current study, the impacts of natural and synthetic PPARy ligands on ER stress/UPR were investigated. Treatment (0.5h) of HL-1 cardiomyocytes or MM6 monocytes with Rosiglitazone (0- 10µM)/15dPGJ2 (0-3µM) disrupted ER homeostasis via inhibition of the ER 'housekeeping Ca2+ pump' SERCA2b. Inhibition of SERCA2b-catalysed Ca2+ pumping activity led within 4h to unchecked Ca2+ leakage from the ER, and activation of UPR transcription factor XBP-1. Within 24-72h, this caused up-regulation of UPR genes, Bip and SERCA2b. However, severe ER stress impairs the ability of BiP/SERCA2b to restore ER homeostasis; hence, UPR can lead to apoptosis via activation of proapoptotic CHOP/caspase pathways. Interestingly, this was seen at lower Rosiglitazone levels in HL-l than in MM6 cells. Thus, Rosiglitazone and 15dPGJ2 can cause apoptosis, particularly in HL-1 cells, via a mechanism involving ER stress/UPR. oxLDL intenalization by monocyte/macrophages leads to incorporation of cholesterol molecules into the ER membrane, SERCA2b inhibition, unchecked Ca2+ leakage from the ER, ER stress and UPR activation. Different monocyte/macrophage subsets were investigated: with regard to activation of XBP-I; upregulation of UPR target genes (BiP/CHOP); and apoptosis/cell viability, the effects of oxLDL (1-40µg/ml; 24h) exhibited a consistent pattern: non-polarised monocyte/macrophages were less sensitive to oxLDL than M2-polarised macrophages. Such enhanced susceptibility of anti-inflammatory M2-macrophages could, over time, result in a shift similar to that seen in obese individuals in vivo; i.e. relative increases in proportion of non-M2 cells within each macrophage population, and thus contribute to the development of a proinflammatory milieu in the tissues of obese individuals.
Rattus marmosurus Thomas 1921
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Muridae
Rattus
Rattus marmosurus

description: Rattus marmosurus Thomas, 1921. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 7:246. TYPE LOCALITY: Indonesia, N. Sulawesi, Minahassa, Mt. Masarang. DISTRIBUTION: N. and Middle Sulawesi. COMMENT: Includes facetus and tondanus; see Musser, 1973, Am. Mus. Novit., 2511:24. Sody, 1941, included marmosurus in Taeromys; but see comment under Taeromys. ISIS NUMBER: 5301410011058068001 as R. marmosurus. 5301410011058042001 as R. facetus. 5301410011058108001 as R. tondanus.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 5), pp. 504-560 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on pages 550-551, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353037
description: {"references": ["Sody, H. J. V. 1941. On a collection of rats from the Indo- Malayan and Indo- Australian regions (with descriptions of 43 new genera, species and subspecies). Treubia, 18: 255 - 325."]}
Group representation approach to 1 - N universal quantum cloning machines
Creators: name: Studziński, Michał
name: Ćwikliński, Piotr
name: Horodecki, Michał
name: Mozrzymas, Marek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we revisit the problem of finding an admissible region of fidelities obtained after an application of an arbitrary $1 \rightarrow N$ universal quantum cloner which has been recently solved in [A. Kay et al., Quant. Inf. Comput 13, 880 (2013)] from the side of cloning machines. Using group-theory formalism, we show that the allowed region for fidelities can be alternatively expressed in terms of overlaps of pure states with recently found irreducible representations of the commutant $U \otimes U \otimes \ldots \otimes U \otimes U^*$, which gives the characterization of the allowed region where states being cloned are figure of merit. Additionally, it is sufficient to take pure states with real coefficients only, which makes calculations simpler. To obtain the allowed region, we make a convex hull of possible ranges of fidelities related to a given irrep. Subsequently, two cases: $1 \rightarrow 2$ and $1 \rightarrow 3$ cloners, are studied for different dimensions of states as illustrative examples.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures, comments welcome. To appear in PRA
Simple vibration insensitive cavity for laser stabilization at the 10^{-16} level
Creators: name: Keller, Jonas
name: Ignatovich, Stepan
name: Webster, Stephen A.
name: Mehlstäubler, Tanja E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the design and realization of two reference cavities for ultra-stable lasers addressing narrow transitions in mixed-species (In+ / Yb+) Coulomb crystals. With a simple setup, we achieve a fractional frequency instability close to the thermal noise limit of a 12 cm long cavity, reaching 4.7 * 10^{-16} at 10 s with a linear drift of 53 mHz/s. We discuss the individual instability contributions and show that in a setup with a lower thermal noise floor and vibration sensitivity, an instability of 1 * 10^{-16} can be reached. To achieve this, we implement a vibration insensitive design for a 30 cm long cavity mounted horizontally and conduct first tests that show a sensitivity of 1.8 * 10^{-11} / ms^{-2} to vertical accelerations. This is about a factor of 20 less than the value observed for the short cavity. Mechanical tolerances and ways to further reduce the sensitivity are discussed.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
MINTAQALAMING INVESTITSION JOZIBADORLIGINI OSHIRISHDA XORIJIY TAJRIBALARDAN FOYDALANISH
Creators: name: Akromov, Akbar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ushbu tezisda mintaqalamning investitsion jozibadorligini oshirishda xorijiy tajribalarni qo‘llash masalalari muhokama qilinadi. Mintaqaviy iqtisodiy rivojlanishni ta'minlash uchun investitsiyalarni jalb qilishning ahamiyati haqida so‘z boradi. Xorijiy tajribalar, masalan, Singapur, Polsha va Germaniyadagi muvaffaqiyatli investitsiya strategiyalari tahlil qilinadi.
Rattus maxi Sody 1932
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Muridae
Rattus
Rattus maxi

description: Rattus maxi Sody, 1932. Natuurh. Maandbl. Maastricht., 21: 157. TYPE LOCALITY: Indonesia, Java, Bandoeng, Tjiboeni. DISTRIBUTION: Java. COMMENT: Listed as a distinct species by Musser, 1981, Zool. Verhandelingen, 189:29; formerly included in infraluteus by Ellerman, 1949, The Families and Genera of Living Rodents, 3:69.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 5), pp. 504-560 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 551, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353037
Physical activity in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Creators: name: McCann, Adrian Philip
Publisher: name: Cardiff Metropolitan University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other health sciences not elsewhere classified

description: The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is rising throughout the world. Explicit evidence has demonstrated sedentary behaviour is a powerful but modifiable risk factor affecting glycaemic control and the incidence of diabetes complications. Despite this, current population estimates indicate the importance of physical activity is not effectively translated to the T2DM population. The aim of this thesis was therefore to investigate barriers and facilitators to physical activity behaviour among individuals with T2DM. An extensive literature review investigating evidence linking physical activity to the management of T2DM was performed, then followed on by three studies which 1) investigated the effects of a 12-week supported exercise programme among newly diagnosed patients, 2) explored factors that may be associated with sedentary or physical activity behaviour, and 3) compared and contrasted the perception and use of physical activity among patients who participated in an exercise programme and patients who received standard care. The findings of this thesis demonstrated that a supported exercise programme can help newly diagnosed T2DM patients achieve moderate-high intensity physical activity 3-5 daysÎ‡week-1, improving glycaemic control through enhanced Î²-cell function associated with decreased insulin resistance and improved lipid profile. Exploratory investigation suggested self-efficacy to exercise, internal locus of control and physical activity advice may be important antecedents for physical activity behaviour. Furthermore, it also appeared to suggest that peer support and more comprehensive physical activity information and reinforcement, are key to satisfying psychological needs - autonomy, competence and relatedness - and internalising motivation for physical activity and exercise behaviour. Given the projected incidence of T2DM and prevalence of sedentary behaviour among this population, the findings from this thesis highlight the important role of physical activity and also the need for further research investigating supported exercise programmes and the development of more comprehensive physical activity guidelines for individuals with T2DM.
Rattus mindorensis
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Muridae
Rattus
Rattus mindorensis

description: Rattus mindorensis (Thomas, 1898). Trans. Zool. Soc. Lond., 14:402. TYPE LOCALITY: Philippines, Mindoro, Mt. Dulangan, 1500 m. DISTRIBUTION: N. Mindoro (Philippines). COMMENT: Alcasid, 1969, Checklist of Philippine Mammals, Manila Nat. Mus., Philippines, p. 32, listed this species as distinct. ISIS NUMBER: 5301410011058072001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 5), pp. 504-560 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 551, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353037
Bound state energy of a Coulomb impurity in gapped bilayer graphene: "Hydrogen atom with a Mexican hat"
Creators: name: Skinner, Brian
name: Shklovskii, B. I.
name: Voloshin, M. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Application of a perpendicular electric field induces a band gap in bilayer graphene, and it also creates a "Mexican hat" structure in the dispersion relation. This structure has unusual implications for the hydrogen-like bound state of an electron to a Coulomb impurity. We calculate the ground state energy of this hydrogen-like state as a function of the applied interlayer voltage and the effective fine structure constant. Unlike in the normal hydrogen atom, the resulting wavefunction has many nodes even in the ground state. Further, the electron state undergoes "atomic collapse" into the Dirac continuum both at small and large voltage.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures; references added; misprint fixed, some discussion added; published version
Changes in rain-on-snow events in mountain catchments in the rain–snow transition zone
Creators: name: Hotovy, Ondrej
name: Nedelcev, Ondrej
name: Jenicek, Michal
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: A shift from snowfall to rain affecting snow storage is expected in future. Consequently, changes in rain-on-snow (ROS) events may occur. We evaluated the frequency and trends in ROS events and their runoff responses at different elevations related to changes in climate variables. We selected 40 central European mountain catchments located in the rain–snow transition zone, and used a conceptual catchment model to simulate runoff components for the period 1965–2019. The results showed large temporal and spatial differences in ROS events and their respective runoff responses across individual study catchments and elevations, with primarily an ROS increase at highest elevations and a decrease at lower elevations during spring. ROS events contributed 3–32% to the total seasonal direct runoff. The detected trends reflect changes in climate and snow variables, with an increase in air temperature resulting in the decrease in snowfall fraction and shorter snow cover period.