cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Casas-Ibarra Parametrization and Unflavored Leptogenesis
Creators: name: Xing, Zhi-zhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Casas-Ibarra parametrization is a description of the Dirac neutrino mass matrix M_D in terms of the neutrino mixing matrix V, an orthogonal matrix O and the diagonal mass matrices of light and heavy Majorana neutrinos in the type-I seesaw mechanism. Because M^\dagger_D M_D is apparently independent of V but dependent on O in this parametrization, a number of authors have taken it for grant that unflavored leptogenesis has nothing to do with CP violation at low energies. Here we question this observation by clarifying the physical meaning of O. We establish a clear relationship between O and the observable quantities, and find that O does depend on V. Our general conclusion is that both unflavored leptogenesis and flavored leptogenesis have no direct connection with low-energy CP violation.
description: RevTex 9 pages. Typos corrected
title: Attacker-Induced Traffic Flow Instability in a Stream of Automated Vehicles
Creators: name: Dunn, Daniel D.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: Highway systems world wide continue to see an ever increased number of vehicles and subsequently a rise in congested traffic. This results in longer commute times, wasted energy as vehicles idle in stop and go traffic, and increases the risk of accidents. In short, increased congestion costs time and money. These issues have prompted much research into Automated Highway Systems (AHS). In AHS vehicles using computer algorithms can safely travel at much smaller inter-vehicle distances than human drivers are capable of. This increases the capacity of existing highway systems. Sensors aboard each vehicle make this possible by monitoring their surroundings. Vehicles equipped with Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) are capable of this type of close proximity travel. ACC packages are becoming common as a standard package on many mid-priced vehicles.
Another form of automation, Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control (CACC), which utilizes wireless communication between vehicles, has been proposed and will likely become available within the next couple decades. CACC allows each vehicle to communicate their intended speed or position changes to surrounding vehicles, further decreasing the possibility of collisions.
These automation methods are proposed to reduce driver stress, increase highway throughput, and decrease accident rates. However, the fact that vehicles are being automated creates new opportunities for malicious individuals to wreak havoc on society.
This research investigates the possibility that some vehicles on the highway might be under the control of malicious individuals who have modified their automated control systems to negatively affect vehicles around them. These malicious actors might also exploit the wireless communication of CACC vehicles and hack their control algorithms, causing them to become unstable. These hacked vehicles could become passive participants in the attack unbeknownst to the driver of the vehicle. The result of such attacks could be congested traffic, rapid changes in acceleration causing drivers discomfort, or multi-vehicle collisions. Such attacks could effectively negate the benefits of implementing AHS.
The goal of this work is to bring to light possible weaknesses in the proposed systems so they can be rectified before becoming an issue to the public at large.
title: Structural and Compositional Patterns in Forest Communities in the Intermountain West Across Multiple Scales
Creators: name: Windmuller-Campione, Marcella A.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) strives to use science-based research to both protect and enhance the management of natural resources. From this overarching goal, the USDA has a specific objective to protect the health and sustainability of forest and rangeland ecosystems. Based on this specific objective, an Advisory Board of natural resource scientists within the Quinney College of Natural Resources (QCNR) was awarded a National Institute of Food and Agricultural (NIFA) grant to train two PhD and two MS students. Their research would focus on managing for resilient forest ecosystem in the Intermountain West.
With input from the advisory board and my PhD committee, my research focused on how to increase forest resilience at multiple scales. Locally, on the T.W. Daniel (TWD) Experimental Forest on the Logan Ranger District, three silvicultural trials were evaluated for resistance and resilience to the spruce beetle (partially funded by the TWD Forestry Fellowship). At the regional scale, a conceptual model was developed to classify forest communities based on structural features. The model was tested with data collected from 15 mountain ranges across the Intermountain West. Additionally, basic forest dynamics of limber pine (Pinus flexilis James.) were summarized across the Intermountain West. All three of these studies will aid in developing and implementing sound forest management practices to increase forest resilience.
Probing SUSY CP Violation in Two-Body Stop Decays at the LHC
Creators: name: Deppisch, Frank
name: Kittel, Olaf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study CP asymmetries in two-body decays of top squarks into neutralinos and sleptons at the LHC. These asymmetries are used to probe the CP phases possibly present in the stop and neutralino sector of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model. Taking into account bounds from experimental electric dipole moment searches, we identify areas in the mSUGRA parameter space where CP asymmetries can be sizeable and discuss the feasibility of their observation at the LHC. As a result, potentially detectable CP asymmetries in stop decays at the LHC are found, motivating further detailed experimental studies for probing SUSY CP phases.
description: 38 pages, 13 figures, error in Yukawa coupling corrected, revised benchmark scenario and figures, JHEP version
Three centuries of Myanmar monsoon climate variability inferred from teak tree rings
Creators: D'Arrigo, Rosanne Dorothy
Palmer, Jonathan
Ummenhofer, Caroline C.
Kyaw, Nyi Nyi
Krusic, Paul
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Paleoclimatology
Climatic changes
Hydrology

description: Asian monsoon extremes critically impact much of the globe's population. Key gaps in our understanding of monsoon climate remain due to sparse coverage of paleoclimatic information, despite intensified recent efforts. Here we describe a ring width chronology of teak, one of the first high-resolution proxy records for the nation of Myanmar. Based on 29 samples from 20 living trees and spanning from 1613-2009, this record, from the Maingtha forest reserve north of Mandalay, helps fill a substantial gap in spatial coverage of paleoclimatic records for monsoon Asia. Teak growth is positively correlated with rainfall and Palmer Drought Severity Index variability over Myanmar, during and prior to the May-September monsoon season (e.g., r = 0.38 with Yangon rainfall, 0.001, n 68). Importantly, this record also correlates significantly with larger-scale climate indices, including core Indian rainfall (23°N, 76°E; a particularly sensitive index of the monsoon), and the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The teak ring width value following the so-called 1997-98 El Niño of the Century suggests that this was one of the most severe droughts in the past ~300 years in Myanmar. Evidence for past dry conditions inferred for Myanmar is consistent with tree-ring records of decadal megadroughts developed for Thailand and Vietnam. These results confirm the climate signature related to monsoon rainfall in the Myanmar teak record and the considerable potential for future development of climate-sensitive chronologies from Myanmar and the broader region of monsoon Asia.
The index of a geodesic in a Randers space and some remarks about the lack of regularity of the energy functional of a Finsler metric
Creators: name: Caponio, Erasmo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C22, 53C50, 53C60, 58B20

description: In some recent papers, the relations existing between the metric properties of Randers spaces and the conformal geometry of stationary Lorentzian manifolds were discovered and investigated. In this note, we focus on the equality between the index of a geodesic in a Randers space and that of its lightlike lift in the associated conformal stationary spacetime. Moreover we make some remarks about regularity of the energy functional of a Finsler metric on the infinite dimensional manifold of $H^1$ curves between two points, in connection with infinite dimensional techniques in Morse Theory.
description: Contribution to the proceedings of "Workshop on Finsler geometry and its applications", Debrecen, 24--29 May, 2009. 8 pages, AMSLaTex. v2 minor revision: typos fixed, references updated
title: Detecting Experts on Quora: by their Activity, Quality of Answers, Linguistic Characteristics and Temporal Behaviors
Creators: name: Nagarur Patil, Sumanth Kumar Reddy
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: Question and answering sites are useful in sharing the knowledge by answering questions. It is a medium of sharing knowledge. Quora is the fastest emerging effective Q&A site, which is the best source of knowledge. Here you can ask a question, and get help in getting answers from people with firsthand experience, and blog about what you know. In this paper, we are investigating and identifying potential experts who are providing the best solutions to the questioner needs. We have considered several techniques in identifying user as an expert or non-expert. We have targeted the most followed topics in Quora and finally came up with five topics: Mathematics, Politics, Technology, Sports and Business. We then crawled the user profiles who are following these topics. Each topic dataset has many special features. Our research indicates that experts are quite different from normal users and tend to produce high quality answers to as many questions as possible to gain their reputation. After evaluation, we got a limited number of experts who have potential expertise in specific fields, achieving up to 97% accuracy and 0.987 AUC.
title: Microfabrication of Electrochemical Analytical Devices for Detection of Pathogen Species DNA and Toxic Metal Ions
Creators: name: Williams, Spencer
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: Water quality is a crucial factor in determining the health of an environment, and in turn the health of all those living in the given environment. Early detection of potential hazards in source water used for drinking would help to avoid outbreaks of sickness and even death. Contaminants, found in contact and drinking water, having negative effects on human health may include pathogenic microorganisms, and metal ion pollutants such as lead or cadmium. Lead and cadmium were selected due to well-known electrochemical properties providing easy references for developing new detection devices. Current methods for detection of these contaminants are extremely expensive and time consuming. The focus of this project was to develop a single device that selectively detects multiple contaminants while maintaining sensitivity. This thesis provides an investigation into electrochemical techniques that can be used to develop cost effective, portable, and easy to use devices. A fabricated microelectrode array is proposed and tested that can be used for the detection of lead and cadmium ions, and also has the potential to incorporate detection of DNA sequences for specific species of pathogenic microorganisms.
Deceleration of neutral molecules in macroscopic traveling traps
Creators: name: Osterwalder, Andreas
name: Meek, Samuel A.
name: Hammer, Georg
name: Haak, Henrik
name: Meijer, Gerard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new type of decelerator is presented where polar neutral molecules are guided and decelerated using the principle of traveling electric potential wells, such that molecules are confined in stable three-dimensional traps throughout. This new decelerator is superior to the best currently operational decelerator (Scharfenberg et al., Phys.Rev.A 79, 023410(2009)), providing a substantially larger acceptance even at higher accelerations. The mode of operation is described and experimentally demonstrated by guiding and decelerating CO molecules.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
The merger-driven evolution of massive galaxies
Creators: name: Robaina, Aday R.
name: Bell, Eric F.
name: van der Wel, Arjen
name: Somerville, Rachel S.
name: Skelton, Rosalind E.
name: McIntosh, Daniel H.
name: Meisenheimer, Klaus
name: Wolf, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the rate and impact of galaxy mergers on the massive galaxy population using the amplitude of the two-point correlation function on small scales for M > 5e10 M_sun galaxies from the COSMOS and COMBO-17 surveys. Using a pair fraction derived from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey as a low-redshift benchmark, the large survey area at intermediate redshifts allows us to determine the evolution of the close pair fraction with unprecedented accuracy for a mass-selected sample: we find that the fraction of galaxies more massive than 5e10M_sun in pairs separated by less than 30 kpc in 3D space evolves as F(z) = (0.0130+/-0.0019)x(1+z)^1.21+/-0.25 between z = 0 and z = 1.2. Assuming a merger time scale of 0.5 Gyrs, the inferred merger rate is such that galaxies with mass in excess of 1e11 M_sun have undergone, on average, 0.5 (0.7) mergers involving progenitor galaxies both more massive than 5e10 M_sun since z = 0.6 (1.2). We also study the number density evolution of massive red sequence galaxies using published luminosity functions and constraints on the M/L evolution from the fundamental plane. Moreover, we demonstrate that the measured merger rate of massive galaxies is sufficient to explain this observed number density evolution in massive red sequence galaxies since z = 1.
description: Accepted in ApJ
Lie antialgebras: cohomology and representations
Creators: name: Ovsienko, Valentin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 17B56, 53D99, 22E47

description: We describe the main algebraic and geometric properties of the class of algebras introduced in [arXiv:0705.1629]. We discuss their origins in symplectic geometry and associative algebra, and the notions of cohomology and representations. We formulate classification theorems and give a number of examples.
description: 11 pages, XXVII Workshop, Geometrical Methods in Mathematical Physics., Bialowieza : Pologne (2008)
Holomorphic Factorization for a Quantum Tetrahedron
Creators: name: Freidel, Laurent
name: Krasnov, Kirill
name: Livine, Etera R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a holomorphic description of the Hilbert space H(j_1,..,j_n) of SU(2)-invariant tensors (intertwiners) and establish a holomorphically factorized formula for the decomposition of identity in H(j_1,..,j_n). Interestingly, the integration kernel that appears in the decomposition formula turns out to be the n-point function of bulk/boundary dualities of string theory. Our results provide a new interpretation for this quantity as being, in the limit of large conformal dimensions, the exponential of the Kahler potential of the symplectic manifold whose quantization gives H(j_1,..,j_n). For the case n=4, the symplectic manifold in question has the interpretation of the space of "shapes" of a geometric tetrahedron with fixed face areas, and our results provide a description for the quantum tetrahedron in terms of holomorphic coherent states. We describe how the holomorphic intertwiners are related to the usual real ones by computing their overlap. The semi-classical analysis of these overlap coefficients in the case of large spins allows us to obtain an explicit relation between the real and holomorphic description of the space of shapes of the tetrahedron. Our results are of direct relevance for the subjects of loop quantum gravity and spin foams, but also add an interesting new twist to the story of the bulk/boundary correspondence.
description: 45 pages; published version
title: Effects of Plant Stress on Facultative Apomixis in Boechera (Brassicaceae)
Creators: name: Mateo de Arias, Mayelyn
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: In flowering plants, apomixis is asexual reproduction by seeds. Apomixis allows the production of offspring with the same genetic characteristics as the mother plant. Fertilization is not required. Apomixis could become a tool for naturally cloning high-yielding crop hybrids through their own seed. However, apomixis does not occur in major crop plants, except for citrus. In the present study, genes that might cause apomixis in naturally occurring apomictic plants were investigated. Sexual and apomictic species of the genus Boechera were exposed to stressed and non-stressed conditions. Effects of these treatments on the expression of apomixis was then measured. Stress triggered an increase in the frequency of sexual development in apomictic plants, but continuation of sexual development to form sexual seeds did not occur. Stress also triggered alterations in the expression of stress-related genes.
title: Analytical Comparison of Bovine Parentage Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms
Creators: name: Dallin, Joshua Jeffrey
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: Often on cattle operations and dairy farms, where multiple bulls are exposed to cows either by live cover or artificial insemination, error can be present in parentage record keeping for breed registries or production use. Research has evolved to the integration of using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to answer questions where cases of unknown parentage may exist. With the evolution of the research, differentiated panels have been created specifically for parentage analysis. Our objective was to complete an analytical comparison between two specific panels, a proven 88 parentage SNP panel and a recently developed 25 SNP panel. A smaller panel would be beneficial in a parentage test as the smaller panel would reduce time and costs associated with the parentage analysis. In this study, nearly 4,000 cattle samples were collected and prepared from offspring, sires, and dams. Parentage calling software was used to identify the parentage assignments of the samples. Through these procedures and comparisons, it was determined that the smaller 25 SNP panel did not have the magnitude or strength necessary to be able to correctly identify cattle in the same manner as the 88 SNP panel.
On the probability that integrated random walks stay positive
Creators: name: Vysotsky, Vladislav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G50; 60F99

description: Let $S_n$ be a centered random walk with a finite variance, and define the new sequence $A_n:=\sum_{i=1}^n S_i$, which we call an integrated random walk. We are interested in the asymptotics of $$p_N:=P(\min_{1 \le k \le N} A_k \ge 0)$$ as $N \to \infty$. Sinai (1992) proved that $p_N \asymp N^{-1/4}$ if $S_n$ is a simple random walk. We show that $p_N \asymp N^{-1/4}$ for some other types of random walks that include double-sided exponential and double-sided geometric walks, both not necessarily symmetric. We also prove that $p_N \le c N^{-1/4}$ for lattice walks and for upper exponential walks, that are the walks such that $Law (S_1 | S_1>0)$ is an exponential distribution.
description: Theorems 2 and 3 were restated and merged into one theorem; a new lemma (Lemma 1) added; Lemma 3 and Remark 1 were restated and merged into Proposition 1; the proof of Lemma 3 is reworked. The paper is accepted to SPA.
Nanostructured electrodes for thermionic and thermo-tunneling devices
Creators: name: Tavkhelidze, Avto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, new quantum features have been studied in the area of ridged quantum wells (RQW). Periodic ridges on the surface of the quantum well layer impose additional boundary conditions on the electron wave function and reduce the quantum state density. Electrons, rejected from forbidden quantum states, have to occupy the states with higher energy. As a result, Fermi energy in RQW increases and work function (WF) decreases. We investigate low WF electrode, com-posed from a metal RQW layer and a base substrate. The substrate material was selected so that electrons were confined to the RQW. The WF value depends on ridge geometry and electron confinement. We calculate WF in the metal RQW films grown both on a semiconductor and metal substrates. In the case of semiconductor substrate, wide band gap materials are preferable as they allow more reduction in RQW work function. In the case of metal substrate, low Fermi energy materials are preferable. For most material pairs, the WF was reduced dramatically. Such structures, can serve as electrodes for room temperature thermionic and thermotunnel energy converters and coolers.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables
title: The Colorado Plateau as a Virtual Laboratory for Mobile Games for Geoscience Education and Relations Between Rock Strength and River Metrics
Creators: name: Bursztyn, Natalie
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: This dissertation encompasses two studies: one developing virtual field trips for mobile devices for an innovative approach to lower-division geoscience education, and the other examining the role of rock strength in river erosion and landscape evolution.
The education study involves the development of three virtual field trip modules (Geologic Time, Geologic Structures, and Hydrologic Processes, all free on iTunes and Google Play) that lead students down a virtual Colorado River through Grand Canyon by physically moving around their campus quad, football field or other location, using their GPS-equipped smart phone or tablet. As students reach each location in the scaled down and geo-referenced virtual Grand Canyon, an informative video appears with a themed geological question and an interactive touchscreen activity. The effectiveness of these three modules in terms of student engagement and learning was tested at five U.S. Colleges with a range of missions and student demographics. Results show that the virtual field trip modules are effective at increasing student interest across races and genders in the geosciences, do not detract from student learning, and have the potential to increase content comprehension.
The second study is the examination of the relation between rock strength and topography in the Colorado Plateau. This work contributes empirical data to the age-old debate over the mechanisms and patterns of stream erosion through statistical relations between rock strength and stream power, river steepness, and valley width along the Green-Colorado River system. Estimates of an “effective” tensile strength were calculated for units too incompetent to test directly, such as the shales prevalent in the region. Results indicate bedrock strength is a first-order control on river erosion in this landscape, as suggested by John Wesley Powell in 1896: “where the rocks are firm and stable, corrasion [sic] of the stream is slow; where the rocks are soft, corrasion [sic] is more rapid,” which is intuitive yet frequently overlooked.
On doubling inequalities for elliptic systems
Creators: name: Alessandrini, Giovanni
name: Morassi, Antonino
name: Rosset, Edi
name: Vessella, Sergio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35J55, 35R30, 74B05

description: We prove doubling inequalities for solutions of elliptic systems with an iterated Laplacian as diagonal principal part and for solutions of the Lame' system of isotropic linearized elasticity. These inequalities depend on global properties of the solutions.
description: 13 pages, submitted for publication
Sum--of--squares results for polynomials related to the Bessis--Moussa--Villani conjecture
Creators: name: Collins, Benoit
name: Dykema, Kenneth J.
name: Torres-Ayala, Francisco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 15A24

description: We show that the polynomial S_{m,k}(A,B), that is the sum of all words in noncommuting variables A and B having length m and exactly k letters equal to B, is not equal to a sum of commutators and Hermitian squares in the algebra R where X^2=A and Y^2=B, for all even values of m and k with 6 <= k <= m-10, and also for (m,k)=(12,6). This leaves only the case (m,k)=(16,8) open. This topic is of interest in connection with the Lieb--Seiringer formulation of the Bessis--Moussa--Villani conjecture, which asks whether the trace of S_{m,k}(A,B)) is nonnegative for all positive semidefinite matrices A and B. These results eliminate the possibility of using "descent + sum-of-squares" to prove the BMV conjecture. We also show that S_{m,4}(A,B) is equal to a sum of commutators and Hermitian squares in R when m is even and not a multiple of 4, which implies that the trace of S_{m,4}(A,B) is nonnegative for all Hermitian matrices A and B, for these values of m.
description: 21 pages. In the second version, pictures have been added and we point out that one of our results was previously obtained by Burgdorf. In the third version, some we add a paragraph explaining our interest in Question 1.1 and make small modifications to some proofs.
Quasi-isometric maps and Floyd boundaries of relatively hyperbolic groups
Creators: name: Gerasimov, V.
name: Potyagailo, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F65 (Primary), 20F67 (Secondary), 30F40, 57M07, 22D05

description: We describe the kernel of the canonical map from the Floyd boundary of a relatively hyperbolic group to its Bowditch boundary. Using our methods we then prove that a finitely generated group $H$ admitting a quasi-isometric map $ϕ$ into a relatively hyperbolic group $G$ is relatively hyperbolic with respect to a system of subgroups whose image under $ϕ$ is situated in a uniformly bounded distance from the parabolic subgroups of $G$.
description: 17 pages, 1 figure
title: Characterization of an E2V Charge-Coupled Device for the Michelson Interferometer for Global High-Resolution Thermospheric Imaging Instrument
Creators: name: Beukers, James
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: This thesis presents the characterization process of an imaging device for a satellite. The camera system was built by the Space Dynamics Laboratory (SDL) and will be used in the Michelson Interferometer for Global High-resolution Thermospheric Imaging (MIGHTI) instrument for National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) Ionospheric Con- nection Explorer (ICON) satellite. This mission will further scientists' understanding of the connection between the Earth's weather and ionospheric conditions. The ionosphere, a part of the atmosphere, interferes with satellite communications, causing disturbances and disruptions. By learning more about the ionosphere through the data collected by this instrument, scientists will better understand its effects on our communications.
Excitation of trapped oscillations in discs around black holes
Creators: name: Ferreira, Barbara T.
name: Ogilvie, Gordon I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations detected in the light curves of black hole candidates can, according to one model, be identified with hydrodynamic oscillations of the accretion disc. We describe a non-linear coupling mechanism, suggested by Kato, through which inertial waves trapped in the inner regions of accretion discs around black holes are excited. Global warping and/or eccentricity of the disc have a fundamental role in this coupling: they combine with trapped modes, generating negative energy waves, that are damped as they approach the inner edge of the disc or their corotation resonance. As a result of this damping, inertial oscillations are amplified. We calculate the resulting eigenfunctions and their growth rates.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures; accepted for inclusion in the proceedings of "Cool Discs, Hot Flows: The Varying Faces of Accreting Compact Objects," ed. M. Axelsson (New York: AIP)
HACIA EL ARTE REVELADO BAJO LA PERCEPCIÓN CIBORGISTA. LA SINESTESIA TECNOLÓGICA COMO MANIFESTACIÓN ARTÍSTICA
Creators: name: Durán-Domínguez, Guadalupe
name: Rico-Cuesta, Marta
Publisher: name: Dyckinson S.L.
Year: 2023
Subjects: Arte
Tecnología
Expresión Creativa
Cyborg
Sinestesia Tecnológica

description: Este texto recoge los resultados de la investigación en la que venimos analizando nuevos estímulos en la manera de experimentar el entorno, traído desde el transhumanismo en la búsqueda por entender un mundo aumentado. Desde esta reflexión se estudia un nuevo proceso sinestésico que conlleva nuevas propuestas artísticas desde performances ciborgistas bajo un nuevo punto de vista: "el arte revelado". Para ello, se parte de un enfoque experimental, desde el ámbito de la sinestesia, y una metodología cualitativa, basada en artes.
Tree-ring investigations into changing climatic responses of yellow-cedar, Glacier Bay, Alaska
Creators: Wiles, Gregory C.
Mennett, Colin R.
Jarvis, Stephanie K.
D'Arrigo, Rosanne Dorothy
Wiesenberg, Nicholas
Lawson, Daniel. E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Callitropsis nootkatensis
Plants--Effect of temperature on
Dendroclimatology
Climatic changes

description: Yellow-cedar (Callitropsis nootkatensis (D. Don) à–rsted ex D.P. Little) is in a century-long decline coinciding with the end of the Little Ice Age (LIA). The leading hypothesis explaining this decline is a decrease in insulating snowpack due to warming and increased susceptibility to damaging frosts in the root zone. A ring-width series from yellow-cedar on Excursion Ridge (260 m a.s.l.) in Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Alaska, and another from trees on Pleasant Island (150 m a.s.l.) in the Tongass National Forest in Icy Strait were compared with regional monthly temperature and precipitation data from Sitka, Alaska, to investigate the changing growth response to temperature at these sites. Comparisons with monthly temperatures from 1832 to 1876 during the end of the Little Ice Age show that the high-elevation Excursion Ridge and the low-elevation Pleasant Island sites strongly favored warmer January through July temperatures. Both tree populations have markedly changed their response from a positive to a strong negative correlation with January through July temperatures since 1950. This strong negative response to warming by the yellow-cedar together with a positive relationship with total March and April precipitation suggests that these yellow-cedar sites may be susceptible to decline. Furthermore, these analyses are consistent with the hypothesis that the yellow-cedar decline is linked to decreased snowpack.
Make EML with R and share on GitHub
Creators: name: Smith, Colin
name: Gries, Corinna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: A presentation given at the ESIP 2017 Summer meeting Abstract: In this session, we will demonstrate how to use the R Package for EML generation (https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/EML/index.html). Data managers at the Environmental Data Initiative have been using this package extensively and we have a number example R scripts available in our developing git repository (https://github.com/EDIorg/EMLtools). Participants will be shown how to use github from within R Studio and can eventually share their R scripts via the Information Management Code library. Everyone is encouraged to bring laptops and follow along. R Studio needs to be installed and a basic level of R experience is expected.
M5 spikes and operators in the HVZ membrane theory
Creators: name: Rodriguez-Gomez, Diego
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this note we study some aspects of the so-called dual ABJM theory introduced by Hanany, Vegh & Zaffaroni. We analyze the spectrum of chiral operators, and compare it with the spectrum of functions on the mesonic moduli space M=C^2\times C^2/Z_k, finding expected agreement for the coherent branch. A somewhat mysterious extra branch of dimension N^2 opens up at the orbifold fixed point. We also study BPS solutions which represent M2/M5 intersections. The mesonic moduli space suggests that there should be two versions of this spike: one where the M5 lives in the orbifolded C^2 and another where it lives in the unorbifolded one. While expectedly the first class turns out to be like the ABJM spike, the latter class looks like a collection of stacks of M5 branes with fuzzy S^3 profiles. This shows hints of the appearance of the global SO(4) at the non-abelian level which is otherwise not present in the bosonic potential. We also study the matching of SUGRA modes with operators in the coherent branch of the moduli space. As a byproduct, we present some formulae for the laplacian in conical CY_4 of the form C^n\times CY_{4-n}.
description: 22 pages, 1 figure. Published version with corrected typos.
Theoretical analysis for critical fluctuations of relaxation trajectory near a saddle-node bifurcation
Creators: name: Iwata, Mami
name: Sasa, Shin-ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Langevin equation whose deterministic part undergoes a saddle-node bifurcation is investigated theoretically. It is found that statistical properties of relaxation trajectories in this system exhibit divergent behaviors near a saddle-node bifurcation point in the weak-noise limit, while the final value of the deterministic solution changes discontinuously at the point. A systematic formulation for analyzing a path probability measure is constructed on the basis of a singular perturbation method. In this formulation, the critical nature turns out to originate from the neutrality of exiting time from a saddle-point. The theoretical calculation explains results of numerical simulations.
description: 18pages, 17figures.The version 2, in which minor errors have been fixed, will be published in Phys. Rev. E
title: Three Essays in Trade and International Development
Creators: name: Neequaye, Nii Amon
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: This dissertation studies how society views corruption at different stages of economic development. It develops a theoretical framework that shows that at low levels of income or development, corruption increases and at high levels of income and development, corruption decreases. This theoretical proposition is also investigated empirically. The empirical analyses support the proposed theory and hint that fiscal policy, socioeconomic conditions, and incidences of war play significant roles in determining a country’s corruption level.
In addition, this dissertation also explores the relationship between merchandise and service trade. I show theoretically that the two are related and determined simultaneously. An empirical investigation also confirms this proposition.
Lastly, I investigate the issue of pollution in developing countries. I explore the existence of an inverted u-shaped relationship between emissions and income. I examine the role played by foreign investment in improving emissions in developing countries. The results support the inverted u-shaped relationship and suggest that environmental aid does not reduce emissions in developing countries.
Energetics of a rotating charged black hole in 5-dimensional supergravity
Creators: name: Prabhu, Kartik
name: Dadhich, Naresh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the properties of the event horizon and static limit for a charged rotating black hole solution of minimal supergravity theory in (1 + 4) dimension. Unlike the four-dimensional case, there are in general two rotations, and they couple to both mass and charge. This gives rise to much richer structure to ergosphere leading to energy extraction even for axial fall. Another interesting feature is that the metric in this case is sensitive to the sign of the Maxwell charge.
description: 16 pages, 14 figures, conclusion and discussion expanded, typos and grammatical error in text corrected, typos in formulae corrected, new section 5 added, version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Elastic-viscoplastic response of earth structures to earthquake motion
Creators: name: Byrne, Peter Michael
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: A theory for predicting the dynamic response of earth structures subject to earthquake forces as presented herein. The proposed theory essentially introduces a stress limit into the viscoelastic shear-slice or shear-beam analogy and thus, in essence, the structure is modelled by a multidegree of freedom system which responds in an elastic-viscoplastic manner. The stress limit may be varied with both the magnitude of displacement and the number of stress cycles so that, in practice, a complex stress-strain relationship can be considered in the analysis. The method allows the dynamic displacements, velocities, and accelerations within the structure to be calculated at any time, t, when the base is subjected to a known acceleration. If magnitude of displacements is considered the criterion for earthquake design, then the proposed method of analysis gives a direct measure of these displacements. The analysis is applied to a number of earth structures using a base acceleration corresponding to the 0-10 secs. of El Centro, 1940 earthquake. Displacements, velocities and accelerations are calculated at discreet time intervals. Results are compared with those obtained from a viscoelastic dynamic analysis and it is found that plastic action causes larger displacements and smaller accelerations. The location of plastic yield is dependent on the strength properties of the material. For material of uniform strength, yield will occur essentially at the base of the structure, while for ideal frictional material, yield will take place throughout the structure but will be greatest at the top. Lateral force or seismic,coefficients from viscoelastic and elastic-viscoplastic are compared. Results suggest that the common practice of allowing for plastic-action by assuming some high viscous damping factor such as 20% of critical in a viscoelastic analysis is unlikely to give correct results.
Totally non-symplectic Anosov actions on tori and nilmanifolds
Creators: name: Fisher, David
name: Kalinin, Boris
name: Spatzier, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37C85, 37C15, 53C24

description: We show that sufficiently irreducible totally non-symplectic Anosov actions of higher rank abelian groups on tori and nilmanifolds are smoothly conjugate to affine actions.
description: 23 pages. New version improves exposition.
title: To Belong as Citizens: Race and Marriage in Utah, 1880-1920
Creators: name: Marianno, Scott D.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: In the decades leading up to the twentieth century, social reformers and politicians, alarmed by Mormon political control (and polygamy) in Utah Territory, challenged Mormon whiteness and their competency for American citizenship. In re-examining Mormonism’s transition period, this study reveals how Mormon conformity to an encroaching American culture increased the movement’s exposure to discursive arguments on race-mixing, marriage, and eugenics that helped legitimize Mormon citizenship claims. Focusing on the themes of race, marriage, and citizenship, this thesis examines Mormonism’s racial transformation from not white to white as they assimilated and reified the racial ideology promoted by their Progressiveera contemporaries and asserted their own racial policies against peoples of African descent.
Beyond revealing the ways in which race influenced Mormon acceptance into American society, this thesis also features Mormons more prominently in the history of the American West by contextualizing the development of a racial bureaucracy in Utah tasked with enforcing the state’s 1888 miscegenation law. Utah’s miscegenation law, while creating enduring and often devastating consequences for couples whose choices and desires took them across the color line, also helped transform Utah into a western place in the twentieth century.
Arctic biodiversity change and its consequences: Assessing, monitoring and predicting the effects of ecosystem tipping cascades on marine ecosystem services and dependent human systems (ECOTIP)
Creators: name: Koski, Marja
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Arctic
tipping points
ecosystem
marine

description: A short presentation by Marja Koski, Coodinator of the Horizon 2020 ECOTIP project, delivered to the European Polar Science Week, 26-30 October 2020. Find out more about ECOTIP here: https://ecotip-arctic.eu
title: Characterization and Performance of Algal Biofilms for Wastewater Treatment and Industrial Applications
Creators: name: Kesaano, Maureen
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: This study was carried out on algal biofilms grown using rotating algal biofilm reactors (RABRs) with the aim of: i) characterizing their growth in terms of photosynthetic activity and morphology ii) evaluating their performance as a wastewater treatment option and a feedstock for biofuels production, and iii) examining the algal-bacteria interactions.
A review of algal biofilm technologies currently employed in wastewater treatment processes was made to compare nutrient removal efficiencies, factors that influenced algal biofilm growth, and the different bioproducts generated from algal biomass. Consequently, research efforts were directed towards addressing pertinent issues identified in literature in order to optimize these systems for wastewater treatment and bioproducts production.
Successful growth of algal biofilms in municipal wastewater and subsequent removal of nutrients from the wastewater was demonstrated. Photosynthetic and respiration rates observed with depth of the biofilm were influenced by the biofilm composition (single vs. mixed species), culturing conditions (laboratory vs. outdoor), orientation to the light, nitrogen availability (N-replete vs. N-deplete), and dissolved inorganic carbon availability (presence or absence of bicarbonate). Slight enhancement in lipid production was also observed as a result of nitrogen stress and bicarbonate addition. However, the accumulated lipids were not as much as expected or as reported in suspended cultures. Presence of bacteria positively influenced microalgae growth in the mixed cultures but the reverse was not true.
In conclusion, photosynthetic activity and biofilm structure were characterized with methods developed for the algal biofilms in this study. For now, productivity of the algal biofilms needs to be maximized in order to fully utilize its potential as a biofuel feedstock and nutrient removal option. Further research on algae-bacteria interactions using species native to the wastewater grown algal biofilms is recommended.
Magnetic susceptibility and heat capacity of a novel antiferromagnet: LiNi2P3O10 and the effect of doping
Creators: name: Khuntia, P.
name: Mahajan, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the synthesis, x-ray diffraction, magnetic susceptibility and specific heat measurements on polycrystalline samples of undoped LiNi2P3O10 and samples with non-magnetic impurity (Zn2+, S = 0) and magnetic impurity (Cu2+, S = 1/2) at the Ni site. The magnetic susceptibility data show a broad maximum at around 10 K and a small anomaly at about 7 K in the undoped sample.There is a lambda-like anomaly in the specific heat at 7 K, possibly due to the onset of antiferromagnetic ordering in the system. The magnetic entropy change at the ordering temperature is close to the value corresponding to Rln(2S+1) expected for an S = 1 system. The temperature corresponding to the broad maximum and the ordering temperature both decrease on Zn and Cu substitutions and also in applied magnetic fields.
Sleep duration and metabolic syndrome among early adolescents—a cross-sectional study in Khartoum State, Sudan
Creators: name: A. Elfaki, Fatima
name: I. G. Mukhayer, Aziza
name: Moukhyer, Mohamed
name: M. Chandika, Rama
name: P. J. Kremers, Stef
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Numerous studies have reported that sleep disorders are linked to poor health outcomes. However, studies on these associations in children and adolescents in an African context are limited. The aim of the present study was to analyze the relationship between sleep duration and the presence of metabolic syndrome among early adolescents in Sudan. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on participants aged 10–15 years in Khartoum State, Sudan. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) was diagnosed by increased waist circumference and the presence of two or more metabolic abnormalities (triglycerides [TG], high-density lipoproteins [HDL-C], blood pressure [BP], and fasting plasma glucose [FBG]). Short sleep duration was defined based on National Sleep Foundation (NSF) classification. Data were collected by physical examinations, biochemical analyses, and self-developed standardized questionnaires. Data were analyzed with IBM SPSS Statistics Version 24. A generalized additive model (GAM) was used for the smoothing function between sleep duration and MetS. p < 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: The prevalence of MetS and short sleep among early adolescents aged 10–15 years in Sudan was 2.3% and 55.0%, respectively. A higher prevalence of short sleep was found among overweight and obese participants (p < 0.05). The prevalence of MetS among short sleepers was 2.8%. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that male short sleepers had higher odds of having MetS compared to female short sleepers. The relationship between short sleep and low HDL-C in boys and between short sleep and high TG in girls was statistically significant. The highest risk of MetS was observed at less than 6.5 h of sleep per night. Conclusions: Short sleep duration was significantly associated with overweight/obesity in the total population and with low HDL-C in boys and high triglycerides in girls. A nonlinear curve pattern was observed between sleep duration and prevalence of MetS. Longitudinal studies are needed to further determine the causal relationship between sleep habits and MetS and its components.