cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Light and Dark Current-Voltage Fits of Bulk Heterojunction Cells Using a New Analytical Drift-Diffusion Model
Creators: name: Taretto, K.
name: Koffman-Frischknecht, A.
name: Soldera, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2013
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS
Organic-based PV

description: 28th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2718-2722
description: Fitting experimental current(J)-voltage(V) characteristics by analytical models helps to draw a
relatively simple physical image of a given solar cell. Here, we adapt a new model for p-i-n solar cells, which
includes interface potential drops and surface recombination, to bulk heterojunction (BHJ) cells. This yields a closed
form JV curve having a voltage-dependent ideality factor that emerges as a natural consequence of the spatial
distribution of charge carriers. The JV equation is tested by fitting experimental data of state of the art BHJ cells
prepared with three different donor-acceptor blends. We show that it is sufficient to use an infinite surface
recombination velocity and four fit parameters, namely series and shunt resistance, lifetime and mobility, to obtain
fits with overall errors below 2 %. From both light and dark JV curves, we obtain free carrier lifetimes between
0.4 μs and 12 μs, and mobilities between 10-4 cm2/Vs and 10-3 cm2/Vs. In contrast to single diode electrical models,
the proposed drift-diffusion model is able to explain current-voltage curves of BHJ cells avoiding the use of effective
ideality factors or saturation currents, and to show the voltage-dependent nature of the photocurrent.
Spin Superfluid Josephson Phase Qubits
Creators: name: Takei, So
name: Tserkovnyak, Yaroslav
name: Mohseni, Masoud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A macroscopic spintronic qubit based on spin superfluidity and spin Hall phenomena is proposed. This magnetic quantum information processing device realizes the spin-supercurrent analog of the superconducting phase qubit and allows for full electrical control and readout. We also show that an array of interacting magnetic phase qubits can realize a quantum annealer. These devices can be built through standard solid-state fabrication technology, allowing for scalability. However, the upper bound for the operational temperature can, in principle, be higher than the superconducting counterpart, as it is ultimately governed by the magnetic ordering temperatures, which could be much higher than the critical temperatures of the conventional superconducting devices.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
16.8% Efficient Ultra-Thin Silicon Solar Cells on Steel
Creators: name: Wang, L.
name: Han, J.
name: Lochtefeld, A.
name: Gerger, A.
name: Carroll, M.
name: Stryker, D.
name: Bengtson, S.
name: Curtin, M.
name: Li, H.
name: Yao, Y.
name: Lin, D.
name: Ji, J.
name: Lennon, A.J.
name: Opila, R.L.
name: Barnett, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2013
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS
Silicon-based Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 28th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2641-2644
description: This paper reports on an 18 um silicon solar cell. Silicon for this solar cell is grown on porous Si so it
can be separated and layer transferred. This ultra-thin silicon is transferred to and integrated with a steel substrate.
The National Renewable Energy Laboratory confirms this solar cell’s efficiency of 16.8%, the highest efficiency
found for any silicon solar cell under 40 um, either free-standing or on a foreign substrate. We describe the design,
modeling and fabrication of this solar cell.
Complex Squeezing and Force Measurement Beyond the Standard Quantum Limit
Creators: name: Buchmann, L. F.
name: Schreppler, S.
name: Kohler, J.
name: Spethmann, N.
name: Stamper-Kurn, D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A continuous quantum field, such as a propagating beam of light, may be characterized by a squeezing spectrum that is inhomogeneous in frequency. We point out that homodyne detectors, which are commonly employed to detect quantum squeezing, are blind to squeezing spectra in which the correlation between amplitude and phase fluctuations is complex. We find theoretically that such complex squeezing is a component of ponderomotive squeezing of light through cavity optomechanics. We propose a detection scheme, called synodyne detection, which reveals complex squeezing and allows the accounting of measurement back-action. Even with the optomechanical system subject to continuous measurement, such detection allows the measurement of one component of an external force with sensitivity only limited by the mechanical oscillator's thermal occupation.
description: To appear in Phys. Rev. Lett
Full Area Laser Doping for next Generation of c-Si Thin-Film Solar Cells on Glass Substrate
Creators: name: Jung, M.
name: Huang, J.
name: Evans, R.
name: Varlamov, S.
name: Green, M.A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2013
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS
Silicon-based Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 28th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2645-2647
description: There are a number of technologies with the potential to produce large area diffusion on thin-film
crystalline silicon films on glass substrates. Solid-phase diode laser doping (DLD) of full area emitters, is developed
at substrate room temperature using low cost spin-on dopant source. This approach has the potential to scale to large
areas. Solid-phase (DLD) can uniformly dope a full area emitter and it has some advantages compared to the
conventional thermal diffusion approach. Best performing laser doped solar cell has resulted in 6.9% efficiency, a
first for a laser-doped thin-film solar cell on glass.
Inference for dynamics of continuous variables: the Extended Plefka Expansion with hidden nodes
Creators: name: Bravi, Barbara
name: Sollich, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the problem of a subnetwork of observed nodes embedded into a larger bulk of unknown (i.e. hidden) nodes, where the aim is to infer these hidden states given information about the subnetwork dynamics. The biochemical networks underlying many cellular and metabolic processes are important realizations of such a scenario as typically one is interested in reconstructing the time evolution of unobserved chemical concentrations starting from the experimentally more accessible ones. We present an application to this problem of a novel dynamical mean field approximation, the Extended Plefka Expansion, which is based on a path integral description of the stochastic dynamics. As a paradigmatic model we study the stochastic linear dynamics of continuous degrees of freedom interacting via random Gaussian couplings. The resulting joint distribution is known to be Gaussian and this allows us to fully characterize the posterior statistics of the hidden nodes. In particular the equal-time hidden-to-hidden variance -- conditioned on observations -- gives the expected error at each node when the hidden time courses are predicted based on the observations. We assess the accuracy of the Extended Plefka Expansion in predicting these single node variances as well as error correlations over time, focussing on the role of the system size and the number of observed nodes.
description: 30 pages, 6 figures, 1 Appendix
La serie dei francobolli 'Hostium Rabies Diruit' tavola iconografica
Creators: name: Pedersoli, Alessandra
Publisher: name: La Rivista di Engramma
Year: 2008
Subjects: WWII
Monuments
Restoration

description: This contribution shows two series of stamps. 'Hostium Rabies Diruit' is the motto that distinguishes two series of stamps issued by the RSI between June 1944 and early 1945. The series, also known as 'Destroyed monuments', alongside the symbols of fascist propaganda depicts some of the buildings destroyed by allied bombing.
Deposition of p- or n-Type Amorphous Silicon by Means of RF-Sputtering for Junction Formation
Creators: name: Budini, N.
name: Schmidt, J.A.
name: Ventosinos, F.
name: Pacio Castillo, A.
name: Arce, R.D.
name: Juárez Santiesteban, H.
name: Buitrago, R.H.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2013
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS
Silicon-based Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 28th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2653-2656
description: We present results regarding the morphological and electrical characterization of semiconductor
junctions formed by deposition of p-type amorphous silicon (a-Si) thin films in a small-scale rf-sputtering pilot
system. Our system consists of a rotating sample-holder that positions the substrate over different sputtering targets:
ZnO:Al (transparent conducting oxide), Cr (collecting front grid), slightly-B-doped (p–-type) Si, heavily-P-doped (n+-
type) Si, and Ni (for metal-induced crystallization). The targets, the substrate and the deposition sequence can be
freely selected in order to obtain different types of structures. A thermal annealing process is performed after
deposition to improve the performance of these devices. This system is expected to be progressively scaled up in a
short- to mid-term time period, becoming the first system of this kind in the region allowing the manufacture of
commercially viable thin film amorphous or polycrystalline solar cell modules. The results presented here correspond
to the first tests of the system by depositing simple p-type a-Si layers on glass substrates and crystallizing them by
conventional furnace annealing and rapid thermal annealing. We have obtained large grains with diameters in the
order of 100 microns, which is a very promising result. Also, chrome films were deposited to test the front collecting
grid.
Montre: A Tool for Monitoring Timed Regular Expressions
Creators: name: Ulus, Dogan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present Montre, a monitoring tool to search patterns specified by timed regular expressions over real-time behaviors. We use timed regular expressions as a compact, natural, and highly-expressive pattern specification language for monitoring applications involving quantitative timing constraints. Our tool essentially incorporates online and offline timed pattern matching algorithms so it is capable of finding all occurrences of a given pattern over both logged and streaming behaviors. Furthermore, Montre is designed to work with other tools via standard interfaces to perform more complex and versatile tasks for analyzing and reasoning about cyber-physical systems. As the first of its kind, we believe Montre will enable a new line of inquiries and techniques in these fields.
description: Computer Aided Verification 2017
UniSAFE: Vilnius Art Academy – institutional policy to address gender-based violence
Creators: name: Andreska, Zuzana
name: Huck, Averil
name: Linkova, Marcela
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Gender based-violence
policy framework
gender+
institutional policy

description: UniSAFE has mapped the policies and measures to address and combat GBV in 48 universities and research organisations in 15 European countries. For each institution, the team created Vignettes which present national context, institutional policy, training, role in knowledge production, content of the policy, institutional procedure and implementation of the policy.
Multicrystalline Silicon Layers for Thin-Film Solar Cells on Flexible Glass Fiber Substrates
Creators: name: Gawlik, A.
name: Plentz, J.
name: Andrä, G.
name: Höger, I.
name: Brückner, U.
name: Ihring, A.
name: Falk, F.
name: Schmidl, F.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2013
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS
Silicon-based Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 28th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2617-2620
description: Flexible thin-film solar cells on single glass fibers or glass fiber fabrics are in focus of interest, for example
as power sources integrated into smart textiles. The high temperature stability of the glass fiber material allows for using
this material as substrate for laser crystallized multicrystalline silicon thin-film solar cells. With this solar cell type we
achieved an efficiency of 7.8% on conventional glass substrates. In this paper we demonstrate the preparation of multicrystalline
silicon layers on flexible glass fiber substrates for thin-film solar cells. First the polymer which usually covers
the fabric is removed and replaced by a high-temperature paint. Then an amorphous silicon layer is deposited and
afterwards crystallized by laser scanning. The flexibility of the glass fibers is preserved during and after these process
steps. The grain size of the resulting multicrystalline silicon layer is in the range of 50-1000 μm. A first layer system on
the fabric shows photovoltaic properties.
A First-Order Electroweak Phase Transition from Varying Yukawas
Creators: name: Baldes, Iason
name: Konstandin, Thomas
name: Servant, Geraldine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the dynamics responsible for the variation of the Yukawa couplings of the Standard Model fermions generically leads to a very strong first-order electroweak phase transition, assuming that the Yukawa couplings are large and of order 1 before the electroweak phase transition and reach their present value afterwards. There are good motivations to consider that the flavour structure could emerge during electroweak symmetry breaking, for example if the Froggatt-Nielsen field dynamics were linked to the Higgs field. In this paper, we do not need to assume any particular theory of flavour and show in a model-independent way how the nature of the electroweak phase transition is completely changed when the Standard Model Yukawas vary at the same time as the Higgs is acquiring its vacuum expectation value. The thermal contribution of the fermions creates a barrier between the symmetric and broken phase minima of the effective potential, leading to a first-order phase transition. This offers new routes for generating the baryon asymmetry at the electroweak scale, strongly tied to flavour models.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures; v2: PLB version (includes references to explicit realisations studied in the mean time)
Formation and Characterization of Thin Film Kesterites Prepared from a Single-Step Electrodeposited Cu-Zn-Sn-Se Precursor Film
Creators: name: Septina, W.
name: Ikeda, S.
name: Kyoraiseki, A.
name: Harada, T.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
CdTe, CIS and Related Ternary and Quaternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2787-2789
description: An approach to fabricate crystalline kesterites films of CZTSSe, CZTS, and CZTSe by annealing a single-step electrodeposited Cu-Zn-Sn-Se precursor film under various conditions was reported. Successful formations of the kesterite films were confirmed by XRD and Raman analysis. EDX results revealed that annealing at
relatively high temperatures resulted in improved atomic compositions of CZTSSe, CZTS, and CZTSe films closer to the ideal stoichiometry. Based on the photoelectrochemical measurement, all of the kesterites films thus-obtained exhibited p-type semiconductor photoresponses. Specifically, the CZTS sample, which was obtained by annealing under H2S atmosphere, showed a highest photocurrent because of the formation of relatively bigger grain and denser structure.
Optimal Calculation and Analysis for Si-SiGe Hetero-Structure Thin-Film Solar Cell
Creators: name: Hsieh, C.F.
name: Li, Y.T.
name: Liao, M.H.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2013
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS
Silicon-based Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 28th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2608-2609
description: The use of a lower band-gap material such as SiGe in the active base region in the cell is a possible
candidate, given their compatibility with the mature Si-based cell process. The drastic increase of the photocurrent
(Jsc) in the small band gap SiGe material, owing to the increased absorption, is highly expected. However, a drop of
the open circuit voltage (Voc) is another issue, which also needs to be avoided, owing to the increase of the intrinsic
carrier concentration in the SiGe layer with smaller material band-gap. Therefore, the optimal structure and process
design for high efficient SiGe thin film solar cell still remains an open issue. In this work, the designed experimental
conditions are compared qualitatively with the theoretical calculation and further demonstrate the optimal SiGe solar
cell structure, considering related parameters such as Jsc, Voc, and fill factor (FF). The operated temperature
sensitivity and its dependency with the efficiency for the SiGe and Si solar cell are also understood for the real
application and it will also be probed in this work.
The Structural Study on p-Type Polycrystalline Silicon Seed Layer Prepared by Electron Beam Annealing Method
Creators: name: Kim, C.
name: Ryu, S.
name: Lim, S.
name: Jeong, C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2743-2745
description: A new method for crystallization of silicon using electron beam annealing method has been studied.
The p-type amorphous silicon (a-Si) layer was deposited using electron beam assisted deposition (EBAD) system on
the cleaned glass substrate and was exposed to linear electron beam for crystallization, subsequently. Boron doped
source was adopted for controlling doping concentration that equipped in EBAD. After the electron beam annealing,
sample showed micro crystalline phase with <111> orientation. The deposited films were characterized by scanning
electron microscope (SEM) Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron spectroscopy
(TEM).
Synthesis and Characterization of Cu2ZnSn(SxSe1-x)4 Thin Films Using Co-Electroplated Cu2ZnSnS4 Precursors
Creators: name: Cui, Y.
name: Zuo, S.
name: Yuan, S.
name: Jiang, J.
name: Feng, Z.
name: Verlinden, P.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
CdTe, CIS and Related Ternary and Quaternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2751-2754
description: Cu2ZnSn(SxSe1-x)4 thin films were successfully prepared through a novel synthesis process that involved a single-step deposition of Cu2ZnSnS4 precursors followed by subsequent sulfurization and selenization heat treatments. From the energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis, Cu-poor and Zn-rich Cu2ZnSn(SxSe1-x)4 films were obtained and S/(S+Se) ratios increased with the increase of sulfurization temperature. The X-ray diffraction
results indicates that single-phase Cu2ZnSn(SxSe1-x)4 film is observed and three major diffraction peaks which are
located between those of Cu2ZnSnSe4 and Cu2ZnSnS4 shifted slightly to larger 2 angles with increasing sulphur
content. In addition, the band gaps of the films were blue shifted.
Agripreneuriat collectif et valorisation des terroirs : les Signes Distinctifs d'Origine et de Qualité comme catalyseurs des Systèmes Agroalimentaires Localisés dans la Région Fès-Meknès
Creators: name: BOUNJEM Tariq
name: BELRHAZI Naoufal
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Le secteur agricole est confronté à de nouveaux enjeux internationaux, et dans ce contexte, l'entrepreneuriat agricole collectif joue un rôle crucial. Ces enjeux comprennent la libéralisation des échanges, l'amélioration de la productivité, les transferts de capitaux et de main-d'œuvre, les avancées technologiques, ainsi que les changements dans les systèmes productifs et la reconfiguration des territoires.

Parmi les acteurs les plus touchés par ces évolutions se trouvent les milieux ruraux. C'est pourquoi l'intervention de l'État est essentielle à travers des politiques de développement agricole intégré, visant à protéger le secteur agricole, en particulier les petites exploitations. L'appui aux systèmes de production agricole liés aux collectifs d'acteurs, qui détiennent des atouts compétitifs autres que le simple facteur prix, est également fondamental dans ce contexte d'entrepreneuriat agricole collectif.

Cette étude se concentre sur l'analyse des dynamiques dans le secteur agricole en mettant l'accent sur l'entrepreneuriat agricole collectif et la valorisation des ressources territoriales ainsi que des produits de terroir.

Pour mieux comprendre l'impact de l'entrepreneuriat agricole collectif, l'étude se concentre spécifiquement sur le bassin de production oléicole dans la région Fès-Meknès, considéré comme une filière phare. L'objectif est de mettre en lumière l'importance des stratégies de différenciation des produits agroalimentaires par leur origine et leur qualité, et comment cela favorise la pénétration de nouveaux marchés ou la création de nouveaux bassins de production, contribuant ainsi à l'émergence de Systèmes Agroalimentaires Localisés (SYAL) basés sur l'entrepreneuriat agricole collectif, l'origine et la qualité des produits.
Computer Modeling of Micromorph aSi/aSiC/cSi Based Solar Cells
Creators: name: Nawaz, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2696-2700
description: A theoretical design evaluation is presented using two dimensional numerical computer aided simulations (TCAD) for aSi/aSiC/cSi based solar cells. A set of optical models (inbuilt complex refractive index models) were first evaluated for conventional cSi, p-i-n aSi and micormorph type solar cell designs using ray tracing
and transfer matrix methods. For a given refractive index model, approximately 2 – 3 % difference in conversion efficiency was obtained between transfer matrix method and ray tracing approach for different solar cell structures. For a given top cell thickness, efficiency increases with the increase of top cell bandgap due to increase in the open circuit voltage of the device. Efficiency values quasi saturates for top cell thickness larger than 400 – 600 nm. A
combined set of top cell thickness (i.e., undoped aSiC + aSi) produces highest efficiency exceeding 15 % for a given total thickness of the micromorph cell. Because of the presence of bandgap discontinuity between a-SiC and aSi materials, it is therefore suggested to have a graded profile in the undoped absorbing portion of the top cell so as to get uniform I-V characteristics.
Broad-Band Photon Harvesting in Nanostructured a:Si Thin Film Solar Cells
Creators: name: Martella, C.
name: Giordano, M.
name: Mennucci, C.
name: Chiappe, D.
name: Buatier De Mongeot, F.
name: Delli Veneri, P.
name: Mercaldo, L.V.
name: Usatii, I.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2706-2709
description: We have employed self-organized nanopatterning approaches, based on grazing angle Ion Beam Sputtering
(IBS) and Radio Frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering, with the aim of developing high aspect ratio textured surfaces on
Al doped ZnO (AZO) films over large areas. First, we have produced patterned AZO substrates by IBS employing a
transfer pattern process from a self-organized metallic mask. Pattern formation on gold/AZO and gold/Ti/AZO systems
have been studied. Second, we have used an IBS pre-patterned glass as template for an AZO deposition. Atomic force
microscopy (AFM) analysis have quantitatively revealed statistical parameters of the corrugated interfaces, i.e. roughness
and 1D-power spectral density functions, which affect optical properties of the substrates. Recurring to an integrating
sphere setup the total and diffuse reflectance spectra are acquired in the VIS-NIR range. The optical data confirm a
broad-band optical response of the patterned AZO substrates: reduction of the reflectivity and large enhancement of the
light scattering are found out. Samples can thus be successfully employed in order to obtain broad-band photon
harvesting in a:Si thin film solar cells.
Comparing sedation vs. general anaesthesia in transoesophageal echocardiography-guided percutaneous transcatheter mitral valve repair: a meta-analysis
Creators: name: Banga, Sandeep
name: Hafiz, Abdul Moiz
name: Chami, Youssef
name: Gumm, Darrel C
name: Banga, Preeti
name: Howard, Carmen
name: Kim, Min-Chul
name: Sengupta, Partho P
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biomedical and clinical sciences
Clinical sciences
Cardiovascular medicine and haematology

description: AIMS: Transoesophageal echocardiography-guided percutaneous transcatheter mitral valve repair (TOE-guided PMVR) using edge-to-edge leaflet plication is typically performed under general anaesthesia (GA). Increasing evidence supports the efficacy and safety of PMVR performed under conscious sedation (CS) or deep sedation (DS). We performed a meta-analysis comparing safety and efficacy of CS/DS vs. GA in PMVR. METHODS AND RESULTS: A comprehensive search was performed using PubMed, CINAHL, Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. Study characteristics, participant demographics, and procedural outcomes with both types of anaesthesia were analysed. Out of 73 articles, five met inclusion criteria. Overall, there was no significant difference in the primary outcome of procedural success rate [odds ratio (OR) 0.75; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.30-1.88, I2= 0.0%, P = 0.538] or post-procedure in-hospital mortality (OR 1.02; 95% CI 0.38-2.71, I2= 0.0%, P = 0.970) in the patients undergoing PMVR under CS/DS vs. GA. The secondary endpoint of intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay (LOS) was significantly shorter in patients under CS/DS vs. GA (standardized mean difference, SMD = -0.97; 95% CI -1.75 to -0.20; P = 0.014), but the hospital LOS (SMD = 0.36; 95% CI -0.77 to 0.04, P = 0.078) did not show a statistically significant difference between the groups, although it was shorter in the CS/DS group. No difference was observed between CS/DS and GA in fluoroscopy time, procedure time, or complications, including pneumonia, stroke/transient ischaemic attack, and major bleeding. CONCLUSION: CS or DS has lower ICU LOS, but comparable procedural success rate and in-hospital mortality, making it a potential alternative to GA for TOE-guided PMVR.
Solving Society's Big Ills, A Small Step
Creators: name: Kashyap, Ravi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We look at a collection of conjectures with the unifying message that smaller social systems, tend to be less complex and can be aligned better, towards fulfilling their intended objectives. We touch upon a framework, referred to as the four pronged approach that can aid the analysis of social systems. The four prongs are: 1. The Uncertainty Principle of the Social Sciences 2. The Objectives of a Social System or the Responsibilities of the Players 3. The Need for Smaller Organizations 4. Redirecting Unintended Outcomes Smaller organizations mitigating the disruptive effects of corruption is discussed and also the need for organizations, whose objective is to foster the development of other smaller organizations. We consider a way of life, which is about respect for knowledge and a desire to seek it. Knowledge can help eradicate ignorance, but the accumulation of knowledge can lead to overconfidence. Hence it becomes important to instill an attitude that does not knowledge too seriously, along with the thirst for knowledge. All of this is important to create an environment that is conducive for smaller organizations and can be viewed as a natural extension of studies that fall under the wider category of understanding factors and policies aimed at increasing the welfare or well-being to society.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1603.00991
Monotonicity of the Quantum Relative Entropy Under Positive Maps
Creators: name: Müller-Hermes, Alexander
name: Reeb, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove that the quantum relative entropy decreases monotonically under the application of any positive trace-preserving linear map, for underlying separable Hilbert spaces. This answers in the affirmative a natural question that has been open for a long time, as monotonicity had previously only been shown to hold under additional assumptions, such as complete positivity or Schwarz-positivity of the adjoint map. The first step in our proof is to show monotonicity of the sandwiched Renyi divergences under positive trace-preserving maps, extending a proof of the data processing inequality by Beigi [J. Math. Phys. 54, 122202 (2013)] that is based on complex interpolation techniques. Our result calls into question several measures of non-Markovianity that have been proposed, as these would assess all positive trace-preserving time evolutions as Markovian.
description: v3: published version; v2: 9 pages, extended results to infinite dimensions and lifted trace-preservation condition, added discussions and references; v1: 5 pages
Outdoor Characterisation of Tandem Cell Modules Using Component Cell Modules
Creators: name: Lechner, P.
name: Stellbogen, D.
name: Schanz, O.
name: Haslauer, A.
name: Lundszien, D.
name: Mohring, H.-D.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2661-2664
description: Two sets of a-Si/a-Si tandem cell modules with different matching of the top and bottom cell and their
corresponding top and bottom cell component modules were deployed at the ZSW module monitoring test stand in
Spain. The impact of the daily and seasonal shift of solar spectrum on the Isc of component cell and tandem modules
could be directly evaluated. Set 1 that comprises a tandem cell module with thin top and thick bottom cell and the
corresponding component cell modules shows good current matching for low AM values, but a “hard” current
limitation for high AM values. The tandem module from set 2 with a thick top cell and thin bottom cells reveals a
good current matching for high AM values, but a less strict current limitation by the bottom cell for low AM values.
Despite the differing matching ratios the power output is comparable for both tandem modules as a slightly higher FF
compensates the lower Isc.
Extreme-value statistics from Lagrangian convex hull analysis for homogeneous turbulent Boussinesq convection and MHD convection
Creators: name: Pratt, J.
name: Busse, A.
name: Müller, W. -C.
name: Watkins, N. W.
name: Chapman, S. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the utility of the convex hull of many Lagrangian tracers to analyze transport properties of turbulent flows with different anisotropy. In direct numerical simulations of statistically homogeneous and stationary Navier-Stokes turbulence, neutral fluid Boussinesq convection, and MHD Boussinesq convection a comparison with Lagrangian pair dispersion shows that convex hull statistics capture the asymptotic dispersive behavior of a large group of passive tracer particles. Moreover, convex hull analysis provides additional information on the sub-ensemble of tracers that on average disperse most efficiently in the form of extreme value statistics and flow anisotropy via the geometric properties of the convex hulls. We use the convex hull surface geometry to examine the anisotropy that occurs in turbulent convection. Applying extreme value theory, we show that the maximal square extensions of convex hull vertices are well described by a classic extreme value distribution, the Gumbel distribution. During turbulent convection, intermittent convective plumes grow and accelerate the dispersion of Lagrangian tracers. Convex hull analysis yields information that supplements standard Lagrangian analysis of coherent turbulent structures and their influence on the global statistics of the flow.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures, preprint
Light Trapping in a-Si:H/µc-Si:H Tandem Solar Cells on Differently Textured TCOs
Creators: name: Dewald, W.
name: Feser, C.
name: Nowak, R.-E.
name: Sergeev, O.
name: Sittinger, V.
name: Von Maydell, K.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2684-2688
description: Different light trapping etch morphologies of ZnO:Al were used to fabricate a-Si:H\μc-Si:H tandem solar cells. The
etched ZnO:Al was characterized by haze and angular resolved light scattering measurements as well as by AFM and
SEM. The silicon growth was examined by Raman measurements at the wavelength of 488, 633 and 785 nm. Here a
change in growth mode was observed depending on the underlying texture of the ZnO:Al, which means that the TCO
structure not only improves light scattering but also alters the silicon growth. Several effects overlap when analyzing
the performance of a solar cell: transmittance of the ZnO:Al, light scattering ability of the ZnO:Al morphology,
subcell matching, crystallinity and defects of absorber and interfaces, parasitic absorption etc. The measured external
quantum efficiency (EQE) is reduced by these factors. For optimization it is important to analyze them separately. In
this paper the connection between short circuit current of the μc-Si:H bottom cell to the light scattering behavior is
drawn, morphology is linked to the light trapping ability and silicon growth. Furthermore an H2 plasma treatment of
the ZnO:Al before cell deposition boosts the bottom Jsc but reduces Voc.
Investigation of the Impact of Front Glass Properties to the Electrical Performance of a-Si/uc-Si Tandem Cells by Numerical Simulation
Creators: name: Oslovitis, G.
name: Farmakis, F.
name: Georgoulas, N.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2722-2725
description: The scope of the present work is to investigate the impact of front glass properties to the electrical
performance of aSi/ucSi tandem cells. For this reason, we perform numerical simulations of thin-film tandem cells
consisted of amorphous and microcrystalline silicon, with various glass types (low-iron and “green” glass) and
thicknesses. For each type and thickness of glass, the tandem cell was simulated using geometrical ray tracing models
(Atlas Silvaco), in terms of electrical and optical performance, and evaluated. It is shown that for the low-iron front
glass, the electrical performance of the cell has little effect on the thickness of glass. On the contrary, when “green”
glass is used as front glass, the device performance is significantly improved for reduced glass thickness.
Decoding the $X(5568)$ as a fully open-flavor $su\bar b\bar d$ tetraquark state
Creators: name: Chen, Wei
name: Chen, Hua-Xing
name: Liu, Xiang
name: Steele, T. G.
name: Zhu, Shi-Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the recent evidence for a charged $X(5568)$ meson as an exotic open-flavor tetraquark state $su\bar b\bar d$ with $J^P=0^+/1^+$ in the framework of QCD sum rules. We use the color antisymmetric $[\mathbf{\bar 3_c}]_{su} \otimes [\mathbf{3_c}]_{\bar{b}\bar d}$ tetraquark currents in both scalar and axial-vector channels to perform evaluations and numerical analyses. Our results imply that the $X(5568)$ can be interpreted as both the scalar $su\bar b\bar d$ tetraquark state and the axial-vector one, which are in good agreement with the experimental measurement. We also discuss the possible decay patterns of the $X(5568)$ and suggest to search for its neutral partner in the radiative decay into $B_s^0 γ$ and $B_s^* γ$, which can be used to determine its spin-parity quantum numbers. Moreover, we predict its charmed partner state around $2.55$ GeV with the quark content $su\bar c\bar d$ and $J^P=0^+/1^+$.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures. Accepted by Phys. Rev. Lett
Gravitational waves and electrodynamics: New perspectives
Creators: name: Cabral, Francisco
name: Lobo, Francisco S. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Given the recent direct measurement of gravitational waves (GWs) by the LIGO-VIRGO collab- oration, the coupling between electromagnetic fields and gravity have a special relevance since it opens new perspectives for future GW detectors and also potentially provides information on the physics of highly energetic GW sources. We explore such couplings using the field equations of electrodynamics on (pseudo) Riemann manifolds and apply it to the background of a GW, seen as a linear perturbation of Minkowski geometry. Electric and magnetic oscillations are induced that propagate as electromagnetic waves and contain information about the GW which generates them. The most relevant results are the presence of longitudinal modes and dynamical polarization patterns of electromagnetic radiation induced by GWs. These effects might be amplified using appropriate resonators, effectively improving the signal to noise ratio around a specific frequency. We also briefly address the generation of charge density fluctuations induced by GWs and the implications for astrophysics.
description: 10 pages. V2: typos corrected; discussion and references added. V3: 14 pages, extensive discussion and references added; accepted for publication in European Physical Journal C
Light-Trapping Improvement of p-i-n Silicon-Based Solar Cells with New Refractive-Index Matching Layer Inserted at ZnO/p Interface
Creators: name: Janthong, B.
name: Aino, T.
name: Sichanugrist, P.
name: Konagai, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2620-2623
description: As reported, TiO2 /ZnO layers were inserted at TCO/Si interfaces in order to suppress optical reflection
loss. However, such TiO2 /ZnO layers have to be coated by sputtering which is different from PECVD used for thin-film
silicon-based solar cell fabrication. Recently, n-SiOx fabricated by PECVD, has widely been studied as a window layer in
n-i-p solar cells or a front anti-reflection layer (FAL) inserted into glass/TCO interface. Here in this work, we have
studied how to apply this n-μc-SiOx as a new refractive-index matching layer inserted into ZnO/ p-layer interface (FALp).
In this study, we have theoretically and experimentally investigated the optical effect of a FALp on the solar cell
performance. Optical calculation of FALp was firstly performed in order to estimate the optimal thickness and refractive
index (n) of FALp. Next, the optimization of n-μc-SiOx films was experimentally carried out by investigating the effect of
CO2 flow rate on the properties of films. Finally, the performance of silicon-based thin film solar cells, i.e., both of a-Si:H
and μc-Si:H solar cells, with FALp optimized up to now was analyzed. It was found that by employing the FALp the
spectral response, especially in range 500 to 900 nm, was improved even though the spectral response at short
wavelength region was decreased due to absorption loss resulted from un-optimized thickness. With this FALp layer the
Jsc for the μc-Si:H solar cell improved by ~0.4 mA/cm2. The results show that this novel n-μc-SiOx:H film can be used
as a front anti-reflection layer inserted at ZnO/p interface as well instead of TiO2 /ZnO.
Mechanisms of Current Passage and Efficiency of Single-Junction and Tandem SC Based on Amorphous Silicon
Creators: name: Andreev, A.A.
name: Kalinovsky, V.S.
name: Pokrovskiy, P.V.
name: Terukov, E.I.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2673-2678
description: In the present work, a set of measurements for obtaining dark current-voltage (J-V) characteristics of
single-junction and tandem SCs based on amorphous and microcrystalline Si was completed. From analysis of obtained
forward dark J-V characteristics, dominating mechanisms of current flow in the space charge region (SCR) of
photovoltaic junctions are determined. On the basis of the experimental data, estimations of the SC efficiency of
photovoltaic conversion have been made by the parameters: pre-exponential factor (Jo) and diode coefficient (A) – factor
of the junction quality, and comparison with the efficiency obtained from the experimental load J-V characteristics.
Calculations of the SC efficiency are carried out on the basis of equations correlating the conversion efficiency – (V) and
the photogenerated current – (Jg) for each portion-segment of the forward dark J-V characteristic, which has allowed
obtaining the dependence of the efficiency of conversion of optical radiation by a SC on the generation current and
estimating a maximum achievable efficiency of the investigated SCs. It has been shown that the method for determining
the efficiency of SCs based on the AIIIBV compounds from analysis of forward dark J-V characteristics elaborated
before is also applicable to such a non-standard semiconductor material as amorphous silicon.
Influence of the Back Reflector Texture on Light Scattering and Performance of a nip-Type Microcrystalline Silicon Thin-Film Solar Cell
Creators: name: Ermes, M.
name: Böttler, W.
name: Bittkau, K.
name: Smirnov, V.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2628-2631
description: We investigate the influence of the back texture of a microcrystalline thin-film silicon solar cell on
light scattering and performance by both experiment and simulation. Investigations were performed on both
normally fabricated solar cells and solar cells with a polished front side to eliminate scattering at the front interface.
The interfaces at both sides of the silicon nip-structure were measured by atomic force microscopy and incorporated
in optical simulation. By taking into account the real three-dimensional structure of the device, we can investigate
local effects within every layer of the solar cell. Our investigations show that the back texture is dominant for light
scattering in the long wavelength range, where light path enhancement is necessary to obtain good absorption rates in
the silicon.
Composition Analysis of Amorphous Silicon-Germanium Films for Triple Junction Amorphous Silicon Based Solar Cells
Creators: name: Prunici, P.
name: Stiebig, H.
name: Beyer, W.
name: Zastrow, U.
name: Breuer, U.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2635-2638
description: SiGe films were fabricated by plasma deposition and characterized by Raman spectroscopy, Fourier
transform infrared spectroscopy and others. It is demonstrated that by evaluating the intensities of the Raman peaks
of Si-Si, Si-Ge and Ge-Gi vibrations, the solid phase Ge/Si composition of amorphous SiGe films can be determined
in good agreement with secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). The extraction of the Ge fraction from Raman
peak position is found to be less accurate and the results are not reproducible. The variation of the optical bandgap
with the solid phase Ge/Si composition is found to be in good agreement with literature data. It is concluded that
Raman measurements are useful for rapid film composition characterization in thin film Si-Ge production lines for,
e.g. photovoltaic application.
New Approaches for the Performance Improvement of Heterojunction and HIT Solar Cells
Creators: name: Patel, K.
name: Kumar, S.
name: Panwar, O.S.
name: Sreekumar, C.
name: Rauthan, C.M.S.
name: Tyagi, P.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2648-2652
description: New approaches are presented by the suitable modifications in the interlayer structures for the
heterojunction and HIT cells using one-dimensional simulation software. Properties of better surface passivation, high
quality a-Si: H (p) and a-Si: H (i) layers, good grid electrode, reduction of absorption in a-Si: H layers and transparent
conductive oxide (TCO) coating have been achieved. We have been able to show the simulation results of heterojunction
cells with more than 23% efficiency based on the improvement in interface properties, interface recombination, contact
metalization, parameter modifications for a-Si:H layers. This study has further explored the modifications in c-Si (n)
substrate properties in order to achieve higher efficiencies, which helped to attain the efficiencies more than 24%. Finally,
sharp a-Si:H/c-Si interface and better optoelectronic properties have been obtained towards the development of more
efficient and stable heterojunction solar cells with efficiencies around 28% in our simulation. Our spectral responses
proved that the heterojunction cells have better efficiency than HIT cells due to absorption of high energy photons.
Eta and rho invariants on manifolds with edges
Creators: name: Piazza, Paolo
name: Vertman, Boris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58J52

description: We establish existence of the eta-invariant as well as of the Atiyah-Patodi-Singer and the Cheeger-Gromov rho-invariants for a class of Dirac operators on an incomplete edge space. Our analysis applies in particular to the signature, the Gauss-Bonnet and the spin Dirac operator. We derive an analogue of the Atiyah-Patodi-Singer index theorem for incomplete edge spaces and their non-compact infinite Galois coverings with edge singular boundary. Our arguments employ microlocal analysis of the heat kernel asymptotics on incomplete edge spaces and the classical argument of Atiyah-Patodi-Singer. As an application, we discuss stability results for the two rho-invariants we have defined.
description: 65 pages, 2 figures