cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Arbeitslose Ingenieur_innen. Weiterbildung als Chance zur Integration in den Arbeitsmarkt
Creators: name: Six, Simone
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift Hochschule und Weiterbildung (ZHWB)
Year: 2017

description: Im Rahmen des Projektes „OTH mind: modulares innovatives Netzwerk für Durchlässigkeit“ wurde das Phänomen „Arbeitslosigkeit bei Ingenieur_innen“ durch zwei qualitative und eine quantitative Befragung untersucht. Die Erhebung sowie deskriptive Auswertungen stellen u.a. das Klientel „Arbeitslose Ingenieur_innen“, Gründe von Arbeitslosigkeit, Anforderung der Unternehmen sowie die Relevanz von Weiterbildung bei arbeitslosen Ingenieur_innen dar. Dabei ist festzustellen, dass die Gründe für Arbeitslosigkeit nicht durch mangelnde Qualifikation bedingt sind. Vielmehr sind strukturelle Gründe, z.B. persönliche Lebensumstände, dafür verantwortlich. Weiterbildung, vor allem im technischen Bereich, scheint kein probates Mittel zur Re-Integration arbeitsloser Ingenieur_innen in das Berufsleben.
description: Zeitschrift Hochschule und Weiterbildung (ZHWB), 2017/1: Zielgruppen wissenschaftlicher Weiterbildung
Optimal denoising of rotationally invariant rectangular matrices
Creators: name: Troiani, Emanuele
name: Erba, Vittorio
name: Krzakala, Florent
name: Maillard, Antoine
name: Zdeborová, Lenka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this manuscript we consider denoising of large rectangular matrices: given a noisy observation of a signal matrix, what is the best way of recovering the signal matrix itself? For Gaussian noise and rotationally-invariant signal priors, we completely characterize the optimal denoiser and its performance in the high-dimensional limit, in which the size of the signal matrix goes to infinity with fixed aspects ratio, and under the Bayes optimal setting, that is when the statistician knows how the signal and the observations were generated. Our results generalise previous works that considered only symmetric matrices to the more general case of non-symmetric and rectangular ones. We explore analytically and numerically a particular choice of factorized signal prior that models cross-covariance matrices and the matrix factorization problem. As a byproduct of our analysis, we provide an explicit asymptotic evaluation of the rectangular Harish-Chandra-Itzykson-Zuber integral in a special case.
Order-to-chaos transition in the model of a quantum pendulum subjected to noisy perturbation
Creators: name: Makarov, Denis
name: Kon'kov, Leonid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motion of randomly-driven quantum nonlinear pendulum is considered. Utilizing one-step Poincaré map, we demonstrate that classical phase space corresponding to a single realization of the random perturbation involves domains of finite-time stability. Statistical analysis of the finite-time evolution operator (FTEO) is carried out in order to study influence of finite-time stability on quantum dynamics. It is shown that domains of finite-time stability give rise to ordered patterns in distributions of FTEO eigenfunctions. Transition to global chaos is accompanied by smearing of these patterns; however, some of their traces survive on relatively long timescales.
Mixed effects and multivariable linear modelling of risk factors for bone mineral density loss
Creators: name: Thurston, Charles
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Osteoporosis
Bone mineral density
Longitudinal data
Mixed effects model
Linear Models

description: Introduction Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease with reduced bone mineral density (BMD) that leads to increased fracture risk. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) is the gold standard for osteoporosis imaging. Aims To characterise further the risk factors for BMD loss, and potential detection of novel risk factors through mixed effects modelling. Methods DEXA measurements were collected from Royal Lancaster Infirmary from 2004-2018 and patients completed a risk factors questionnaire (IRAS ID 159382). The outcome variables included the left and right hip, and the spine BMD, and explanatory variables were risk factors including FRAX risk factors. In the mixed effects modelling, an indicator function was used to account for the non-linear effect of the menopause. The dataset had longitudinal (7910 patients, 88% female, mean age 62.7 years), and baseline scans (32786 patients, 82% female, mean age 64.1 years) for multivariable linear modelling. Results Age-related BMD loss was demonstrated to different degrees within the hip. The indicator variable for menopause showed a negative association at all sites. Average percent fat showed a negative association at the hip, but a positive association at the spine. When comparing BMD between genders there was potentially a systemic bias in measurement and calculation of BMD. Discussion Age demonstrates intra-hip and intra-spine variation of BMD. This is the first study to provide a statistical method that effectively describes the menopausal population. The negative association with average percent fat at the hip is a novel finding. It has potential as a prognostic indicator and therapeutic target. This study has a larger sample size than previous studies. Mixed effects modelling allows for incorporation of age and its known effects on BMD at the population and individual level. Overall, potential new risk factors have been detected and mixed effects modelling has been shown to be a useful technique for modelling BMD loss.
Soziale Anerkennung auf fremdem Terrain. Strukturelle Herausforderungen des Zugangs für nicht-traditionell Studierende zu wissenschaftlicher Weiterbildung
Creators: name: Damm, Christoph
name: Dörner, Olaf
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift Hochschule und Weiterbildung (ZHWB)
Year: 2017

description: Im Beitrag werden erste Ergebnisse eines laufenden Forschungsprojektes zur Anerkennung außerhochschulisch erworbener Fähig- und Fertigkeiten (Kompetenzen) in der wissenschaftlichen Weiterbildung vorgestellt. Ausgangspunkt ist die Beobachtung, dass nicht-traditionell Studierende trotz formal-rechtlich guter Bedingungen für die Aufnahme eines berufsbegleitenden Studiums kaum Angebote der wissenschaftlichen Weiterbildung in Anspruch nehmen. Die Anerkennung außerhochschulisch erworbener Kompetenzen wird gemeinhin als Instrument zur Verbesserung des Zugangs der nicht-traditionell Studierenden zur wissenschaftlichen Weiterbildung verstanden. In welcher Art und Weise Anerkennung in Hochschulen erfolgt, ist jedoch unklar. Anhand qualitativ-empirischer Ergebnisse stellen wir im Beitrag Praxen der Anerkennung dar und zeigen auf, inwieweit der Umgang mit Anerkennung im Rahmen von Orientierungen erfolgt, die jenseits der Logik formaler Reglements liegen.
description: Zeitschrift Hochschule und Weiterbildung (ZHWB), 2017/1: Zielgruppen wissenschaftlicher Weiterbildung
STCGAT: A Spatio-temporal Causal Graph Attention Network for traffic flow prediction in Intelligent Transportation Systems
Creators: name: Zhao, Wei
name: Zhang, Shiqi
name: Zhou, Bing
name: Wang, Bei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Air pollution and carbon emissions caused by modern transportation are closely related to global climate change. With the help of next-generation information technology such as Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI), accurate traffic flow prediction can effectively solve problems such as traffic congestion and mitigate environmental pollution and climate change. It further promotes the development of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) and smart cities. However, the strong spatial and temporal correlation of traffic data makes the task of accurate traffic forecasting a significant challenge. Existing methods are usually based on graph neural networks using predefined spatial adjacency graphs of traffic networks to model spatial dependencies, ignoring the dynamic correlation of relationships between road nodes. In addition, they usually use independent Spatio-temporal components to capture Spatio-temporal dependencies and do not effectively model global Spatio-temporal dependencies. This paper proposes a new Spatio-temporal Causal Graph Attention Network (STCGAT) for traffic prediction to address the above challenges. In STCGAT, we use a node embedding approach that can adaptively generate spatial adjacency subgraphs at each time step without a priori geographic knowledge and fine-grained modeling of the topology of dynamically generated graphs for different time steps. Meanwhile, we propose an efficient causal temporal correlation component that contains node adaptive learning, graph convolution, and local and global causal temporal convolution modules to learn local and global Spatio-temporal dependencies jointly. Extensive experiments on four real, large traffic datasets show that our model consistently outperforms all baseline models.
Therese E. Zimmermann, Wolfgang Jütte & Franz Horváth (Hrsg.). (2016). Arenen der Weiterbildung.
Creators: name: Frey, Hans-Rudolf
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift Hochschule und Weiterbildung (ZHWB)
Year: 2017

description: Zeitschrift Hochschule und Weiterbildung (ZHWB), 2017/1: Zielgruppen wissenschaftlicher Weiterbildung
Multi-stability and condensation of exciton-polaritons below threshold
Creators: name: Lien, Jiun-Yi
name: Chen, Yueh-Nan
name: Ishida, Natsuko
name: Chen, Hong-Bin
name: Hwang, Chi-Chuan
name: Nori, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exciton-polaritons can condense to a macroscopic quantum state through a non-equilibrium process of pumping and decay. In recent experiments, polariton condensates are used to observe, for a short time, nonlinear Josephson phenomena by coupling two condensates. However, it is still not clear how these phenomena are affected by the pumping and decay at long times and how the coupling alters the polariton condensation. Here, we consider a polariton Josephson junction pumped on one side and study its dynamics within a mean-field theory. The Josephson current is found to give rise to multi-stability of the stationary states, which are sensitive to the initial conditions and incoherent noises. These states can be attributed to either the self-trapping effect or the parity-time (PT) symmetry of the system. These results can be used to explain the emission spectra and the $π$-phase locking observed in recent experiments. We further predict that the multi-stability can reduce to the self-trapped state if the PT symmetry is broken. Moreover, the polaritons can condense even below the threshold, exhibiting hysteresis.
Stefan Pohlmann, Gabriele Vierzigmann & Thomas Doyé (Hrsg.). (2017). Weiter denken durch wissenschaftliche Weiterbildung.
Creators: name: Schwikal, Anita
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift Hochschule und Weiterbildung (ZHWB)
Year: 2017

description: Zeitschrift Hochschule und Weiterbildung (ZHWB), 2017/1: Zielgruppen wissenschaftlicher Weiterbildung
Hydromagnetic waves in an expanding universe -- cosmological MHD code tests using analytic solutions
Creators: name: Berlok, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe how analytic solutions for linear hydromagnetic waves can be used for testing cosmological magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) codes. We start from the comoving MHD equations and derive analytic solutions for the amplitude evolution of linear hydromagnetic waves in a matter-dominated, flat Einstein-de-Sitter (EdS) universe. The waves considered are comoving, linearly polarized Alfvén waves and comoving, magnetosonic (fast) waves modified by self-gravity. The solution for compressible waves is found for a general adiabatic index and we consider the limits of hydrodynamics without self-gravity in addition to the full solution. In addition to these analytic solutions, the linearized equations are solved numerically for a $Λ$CDM cosmology. We use the analytic and numeric solutions to compare with results obtained using the cosmological MHD code AREPO and find good agreement when using a sufficient number of grid points. We interpret the numerical damping clearly evident in simulations with few grid points by further deriving the Alfvén wave solution including physical Navier-Stokes viscosity. A comparison between Alfvén wave simulations and theory reveals that the dissipation can be described by a numerical viscosity coefficient $η_\mathrm{num} \propto a^{-5/2}$ where $a$ is the scale factor. We envision that our examples could be useful when developing a new cosmological MHD code or for regression testing of existing codes.
description: 20 pages, 9 figures, published in MNRAS, python code available at https://github.com/tberlok/comoving_mhd_waves
Prinzip Hochschulentwicklung – Hochschuldidaktik zwischen Profilbildung und Wertefragen. 46. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Hochschuldidaktik. 07. bis 10. März 2017 an der Technischen Hochschule Köln
Creators: name: Wendt, Claudia
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift Hochschule und Weiterbildung (ZHWB)
Year: 2017

description: Zeitschrift Hochschule und Weiterbildung (ZHWB), 2017/1: Zielgruppen wissenschaftlicher Weiterbildung
Capturing exponential variance using polynomial resources: applying tensor networks to non-equilibrium stochastic processes
Creators: name: Johnson, T. H.
name: Elliott, T. J.
name: Clark, S. R.
name: Jaksch, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Estimating the expected value of an observable appearing in a non-equilibrium stochastic process usually involves sampling. If the observable's variance is high, many samples are required. In contrast, we show that performing the same task without sampling, using tensor network compression, efficiently captures high variances in systems of various geometries and dimensions. We provide examples for which matching the accuracy of our efficient method would require a sample size scaling exponentially with system size. In particular, the high variance observable $\mathrm{e}^{-βW}$, motivated by Jarzynski's equality, with $W$ the work done quenching from equilibrium at inverse temperature $β$, is exactly and efficiently captured by tensor networks.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, including supplemental material
title: Erklärvideos im sprachsensiblen Fachunterricht der Mittelschule
Creators: name: Lobensommer, Leah
Year: 2022

description: Das Ziel der vorliegenden Masterarbeit ist es, mögliche Herausforderungen und Potenziale des Einsatzes von Erklärvideos im sprachsensiblen Fachunterricht der Mittelschule offenzulegen. Eine Annäherung an den Forschungsgegenstand wird zunächst über die theoretische Auseinandersetzung mit den Themenblöcken Erklärvideos und Erklären, sowie dem Themenblock Unterricht erreicht. Hier seien besonders die Arbeiten von Mayer (2005) zum Thema Multimediale Lernumgebungen, Kulgemayer (2018) zum Thema Erklären und Erklärvideos, und Leisen (2011, 2013a, 2013b, 2015, u.a.) zum Thema Sprachsensibler Fachunterricht hervorgehoben, die als Basis für die empirische Forschung dienen. Diese besteht aus einer Unterrichtsdurchführung an einer Wiener Mittelschule, im Rahmen derer die Vermittlung von bildungssprachlichen Elementen einmal unter Einbezug eines Erklärvideos und einmal ohne Erklärvideo umgesetzt wird. Beide Gruppen bearbeiten drei Posttests und beantworten einen kurzen Fragebogen zum Unterrichtsverlauf. So können Herausforderungen und Potenziale von Erklärvideos im sprachsensiblen Fachunterricht der Mittelschule theoretisch und empirisch dingfest gemacht werden. Die Ergebnisse der Forschungstätigkeit zeigen, dass bei sprachlich anspruchsvollen Aufgabenstellungen vor allem SchülerInnen vom Medium Video profitieren, die selbst schon ein elaborierteres Sprachniveau erreicht haben. Weiters sind Videos bei sprachlich einfacheren Aufgabenstellungen im Bereich Wissenstransfer für alle SchülerInnen von Vorteil. Im Bereich des Erlernens von Fachwortschatz konnte allerdings kein Vorteil des Mediums Video im Vergleich der beiden untersuchten Gruppen festgestellt werden.
Unjamming strongly compressed particle rafts
Creators: name: Plohl, Gregor
name: Jannet, Mathieu
name: Planchette, Carole
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally study the unjamming dynamics of strongly compressed particle rafts confined between two fixed walls and two movable barriers. The back barrier is made of an elastic band, whose deflection indicates the local stress. The front barrier is pierced by a gate, whose opening triggers local unjamming. The rafts are compressed by moving only one of the two barriers in the vicinity of which folds form. Using high speed imaging, we follow the folded, jammed, and unjammed raft areas and measure the velocity fields inside and outside of the initially confined domain. Two very different behaviors develop. For rafts compressed by the back barrier, only partial unjamming occurs. At the end of the process, many folds remain and the back stress does not relax. The flow develops only along the compression axis and the particles passing the gate form a dense raft whose width is the gate width. For rafts compressed at the front, quasi-total unjamming is observed. No folds persist and only minimal stress remains, if any. The particles flow along the compression axis but also normally to it and form, after the gate, a rather circular and not dense assembly. We attribute this difference to the opposite orientation of the force chain network that builds up from the compressed side and branchs. For rafts compressed at the gate side, keystone particles are immediately removed which enhances local disentanglement and leads to large scale unjamming. In contrast, for back compressed rafts, the force chain network redirects the stress laterally forming arches around the gate and resulting in a limited unjamming process.
Drug repurposing for SARS-CoV-2 infection using machine learning and mechanistic models of the COVID-19 Disease Maps
Creators: name: Loucera, Carlos
name: Esteban-Medina, Marina
name: Rian, Kinza
name: Falco, Matías M
name: Dopazo, Joaquín
name: Peña-Chilet, María
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: signal transduction
drug repositioning
COVID19
machine learning

description: In this work, we use an innovative methodology that combines mechanistic modeling of the signal transduction circuits related to SARS-CoV-2 infection (the COVID-19 disease map) with a machine learning algorithm that learns potential causal interactions between proteins, already targets of drugs, and specific signaling circuits in the COVID-19 disease map, to suggest potentially repurposable drugs.
End-to-end multi-particle reconstruction in high occupancy imaging calorimeters with graph neural networks
Creators: name: Qasim, Shah Rukh
name: Chernyavskaya, Nadezda
name: Kieseler, Jan
name: Long, Kenneth
name: Viazlo, Oleksandr
name: Pierini, Maurizio
name: Nawaz, Raheel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present an end-to-end reconstruction algorithm to build particle candidates from detector hits in next-generation granular calorimeters similar to that foreseen for the high-luminosity upgrade of the CMS detector. The algorithm exploits a distance-weighted graph neural network, trained with object condensation, a graph segmentation technique. Through a single-shot approach, the reconstruction task is paired with energy regression. We describe the reconstruction performance in terms of efficiency as well as in terms of energy resolution. In addition, we show the jet reconstruction performance of our method and discuss its inference computational cost. To our knowledge, this work is the first-ever example of single-shot calorimetric reconstruction of ${\cal O}(1000)$ particles in high-luminosity conditions with 200 pileup.
title: Working through "whiteness"? D
Creators: name: Medve, Agnes
Year: 2022

description: Diese Masterarbeit befasst sich mit den Erfahrungen und Emotionen weißer Personen, die in antirassistischer Arbeit involviert sind oder daran Interesse zeigen. Subjektive Erfahrungen und Emotionen spielen im Lernprozess über die weitreichenden Mechanismen von Rassismus sowie whiteness eine ausschlaggebende Rolle. In besonderem Fokus stehen dabei zum einen diejenigen Erfahrungen, die für die Entwicklung ihres Rassismusverständnisses und ihres eigenen Weißseins ausschlaggebend waren, und zum anderen die Emotionen, von denen dieser Prozess des Lernens und die Auseinandersetzung mit ihrer weißen Identität (white racial identity development, nach Janet Helms 1990) begleitet ist. Um diesen kognitiven und emotionalen Lernprozess zu erforschen und kontextuell zu analysieren, wurden elf Personen interviewt und eine Person in Form einer schriftlichen Reflexion befragt. Diese Arbeit versucht, ein besseres Verständnis für die Komplexität der Emotionen dieses Prozesses zu bekommen und bestehende Theorien auszubauen. Zudem soll sie einen Beitrag dazu zu leisten, diese Prozesse, die im US-amerikanischen Kontext schon tiefgehend untersucht wurden, nun um den Kontext von Deutschland und Österreich, insbesondere um das Gebiet Wien, zu erweitern.
description: This master's thesis addresses the experiences and emotions of white people involved in or interested in antiracist work. Subjective experiences and emotions play a crucial role in the learning process about the mechanisms of racism and whiteness. The focus is on the experiences that were decisive for the development of their understanding of racism and their own whiteness, and on the emotions that accompany this process of learning and the confrontation with their white identity (white racial identity development, after Janet Helms 1990). To explore and contextually analyse this cognitive and emotional learning process, eleven people were interviewed and one person was surveyed in the form of a written reflection. This thesis seeks to gain a better understanding of the complexity of the emotions involved in this process and to extend existing theories. In addition, it aims to contribute to extending these processes, which have already been deeply studied in the U.S. context, now to the context of Germany and Austria, especially the Vienna area.
The Concept of Man in M. N. Roy's Radical Humanism: A Philosophical Study
Creators: name: Polly Rajkhowa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Radical, Humanism, Supernatural forces, Freedom.

description: Abstract

Manabendra Nath Roy was an eminent philosopher of India in the 20th century. He was democratic and then a thorough-going follower of Marxism in his early life and later he established a new philosophy which is termed Radical Democracy or humanism. His philosophy is called radical humanism because it focuses completely and the situations of human beings and explains them with the help of scientific knowledge. In this new humanism, he has given the central position to man (human being) because it is the man who is rational as well as a moral being and is wholly responsible to make a better world for the entire humankind which is free from any kind of prejudice or superstitious belief, dogma, blind faith in some supernatural forces, etc. He lays great emphasis on the personality of the individual as a human being who bears three fundamental elements, viz. reason, morality, and freedom. In this article, an attempt is made to study the views of man which are depicted in Roy’s radical humanism.
Second-order gauge-invariant formalism for the cosmological observables: Complete verification of their gauge-invariance
Creators: name: Magi, Matteo
name: Yoo, Jaiyul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accounting for all the relativistic effects, we have developed the fully nonlinear gauge-invariant formalism for describing the cosmological observables and presented the second-order perturbative expressions associated with light propagation and observations without choosing a gauge condition. For the first time, we have performed a complete verification of the validity of our second-order expressions by comparing their gauge-transformation properties from two independent methods: one directly obtained from their expressions in terms of metric perturbations and the other expected from their nonlinear relations. The expressions for the cosmological observables such as galaxy clustering and the luminosity distance are invariant under diffeomorphism and gauge-invariant at the observed position. We compare our results to the previous work and discuss the differences in the perturbative expressions. Our second-order gauge-invariant formalism constitutes a major step forward in the era of precision cosmology and its applications in the future will play a crucial role for going beyond the power spectrum and probing the early universe.
description: 64 pages, 1 figure, accepted for publication in JCAP
Conformally Kähler surfaces and orthogonal holomorphic bisectional curvature
Creators: name: Kalafat, Mustafa
name: Koca, Caner
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53C25, 53C55

description: We show that a compact complex surface which admits a conformally Kähler metric g of positive orthogonal holomorphic bisectional curvature is biholomorphic to the complex projective plane. In addition, if g is a Hermitian metric which is Einstein, then the biholomorphism can be chosen to be an isometry via which g becomes a multiple of the Fubini-Study metric.
description: 12 pages. Journal information added
Topological Electronic Structure Evolution with Symmetry Breaking Spin Reorientation in (Fe$_{1-x}$Co$_{x}$)Sn
Creators: name: Moore, Robert G.
name: Okamoto, Satoshi
name: Li, Haoxiang
name: Meier, William R.
name: Miao, Hu
name: Lee, Ho Nyung
name: Hashimoto, Makoto
name: Lu, Donghui
name: Dagotto, Elbio
name: McGuire, Michael A.
name: Sales, Brian C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological materials hosting kagome lattices have drawn considerable attention due to the interplay between topology, magnetism, and electronic correlations. The (Fe$_{1-x}$Co$_x$)Sn system not only hosts a kagome lattice but has a tunable symmetry breaking magnetic moment with temperature and doping. In this study, angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy and first principles calculations are used to investigate the interplay between the topological electronic structure and varying magnetic moment from the planar to axial antiferromagnetic phases. A theoretically predicted gap at the Dirac point is revealed in the low temperature axial phase but no gap opening is observed across a temperature dependent magnetic phase transition. However, topological surface bands are observed to shift in energy as the surface magnetic moment is reduced or becomes disordered over time during experimental measurements. The shifting surface bands may preclude the determination of a temperature dependent bulk gap but highlights the intricate connections between magnetism and topology with a surface/bulk dichotomy that can affect material properties and their interrogation.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
The permutation classes Av(1234,2341) and Av(1243,2314)
Creators: name: Bevan, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A05, 05A15

description: We investigate the structure of the two permutation classes defined by the sets of forbidden patterns {1234,2341} and {1243,2314}. By considering how the Hasse graphs of permutations in these classes can be built from a sequence of rooted source graphs, we determine their algebraic generating functions. Our approach is similar to that of "adding a slice", used previously to enumerate various classes of polyominoes and other combinatorial structures. To solve the relevant functional equations, we make extensive use of the kernel method.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures
Y-Systems for Generalised Gibbs Ensembles in Integrable Quantum Field Theory
Creators: name: Castro-Alvaredo, Olalla A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thermodynamic Bethe ansatz approach to the study of integrable quantum field theories was introduced in the early 90s. Since then it has been known that the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz equations can be recast in the form of $Y$-systems. These $Y$-systems have a number of interesting properties, notably in the high-temperature limit their solutions are constants from which the central charge of the ultraviolet fixed point can be obtained and they are typically periodic functions, with period proportional to the dimension of the perturbing field. In this letter we discuss the derivation of $Y$-systems when the standard thermodynamic Bethe ansatz equations are replaced by generalised versions, describing generalised Gibbs ensembles. We shown that for many integrable quantum field theories, there is a large class of distinct generalised Gibbs ensembles which share the same $Y$-system.
description: 10 pages. Version 2 contains improved discussion and additional references
Kinetic Model of Mass Exchange with Dynamic Arrhenius Transition Rates
Creators: name: Hristopulos, Dionissios T.
name: Muradova, Aliki D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a nonlinear kinetic model of mass exchange between interacting grains. The transition rates follow the Arrhenius equation with an activation energy that depends on the grain mass. We show that the activation parameter can be absorbed in the initial conditions for the grain masses, and that the total mass is conserved. We obtain numerical solutions of the coupled, nonlinear, ordinary differential equations of mass exchange for the two-grain system, and we compare them with approximate theoretical solutions in specific neighborhoods of the phase space. Using phase plane methods, we determine that the system exhibits regimes of diffusive and growth-decay (reverse diffusion) kinetics. The equilibrium states are determined by the mass equipartition and separation nullcline curves. If the transfer rates are perturbed by white noise, numerical simulations show that the system still exhibits diffusive and growth-decay regimes, although the noise can reverse the sign of equilibrium mass difference. Finally, we present theoretical analysis and numerical simulations of a system with many interacting grains. Diffusive and growth-decay regimes are established as well, but the approach to equilibrium is considerably slower. Potential applications of the mass exchange model involve coarse-graining during sintering and wealth exchange in econophysics.
description: 10 pages, Thirteen figures Version 3: Improved introduction, stochastic transition rates, many-body system
FESTUNG: A MATLAB / GNU Octave toolbox for the discontinuous Galerkin method. Part I: Diffusion operator
Creators: name: Frank, Florian
name: Reuter, Balthasar
name: Aizinger, Vadym
name: Knabner, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This is the first in a series of papers on implementing a discontinuous Galerkin method as a MATLAB / GNU Octave toolbox. The main goal is the development of techniques that deliver optimized computational performance combined with a compact, user-friendly interface. Our implementation relies on fully vectorized matrix / vector operations and is carefully documented; in addition, a direct mapping between discretization terms and code routines is maintained throughout. The present work focuses on a two-dimensional time-dependent diffusion equation with space / time-varying coefficients. The spatial discretization is based on the local discontinuous Galerkin formulation and is locally mass conservative. Approximations of orders zero through four based on orthogonal polynomials have been implemented; more spaces of arbitrary type and order can be easily accommodated by the code structure. Time discretization is performed using an implicit Euler method.
description: Updated with published manuscript. Substantial changes were applied to the naming scheme of the included Matlab/GNU Octave codes
Poincaré problem for weighted projective foliations
Creators: name: Martínez, F. E. Brochero
name: Corrêa, Maurício
name: Rodríguez, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give a bounding of degree of quasi-smooth hypersurfaces which are invariant by a one dimensional holomorphic foliation of a given degree on a weighted projective space.
description: We improve the bound for the Poincare problem; we include an example; 13 pages
title: Die Genese des Begriffs Genozid im 20. Jahrhundert, seine wissenschaftliche Aufarbeitung und die Anwendung auf zwei unterschiedlich identifizierte Gebiete: DSWA und Nordamerika
Creators: name: Medic, Dino
Year: 2022

description: Diese Masterarbeit beschreibt und erforscht das Leben von Raphael Lemkin, eines polnisch-jüdischen Rechtsgelehrten aus Osteuropa, geboren 1900 sowie die Entstehung und Etablierung des Begriffs Genozid, folglich auch in völkerrechtlich kodifizierter Form. In der Anwendung auf zwei, in der allgemeinen Wahrnehmung unterschiedlich identifizierten, geographischen Bereiche Südwestafrikas, der Herero und Nama sowie des östlichen Nordamerikas wird der Begriff greifbar gemacht und seine Definitionen aufgezeigt. Dabei wird auf den Lebensweg Lemkins, seine Erfahrungen und Einflüsse eingegangen und sein Leben in Hinblick auf sein "Lebenswerk", den Genozidbegriff, kontextualisiert, als auch sein Wirken in der UNO in Hinblick auf die Verrechtlichung dieses Straftatbestandes gezeigt. Hierbei werden, neben der definitorischen Klärung von Begriffen wie der Konstituierung von Gruppen, auch die politischen Komponenten der Nachkriegszeit, der Kalte Krieg, sowie die (post-)kolonialen Kontexte evaluiert, miteinbezogen und dargestellt. In der Betrachtung der Fallbeispiele wird in praktischer Art der Begriff angewendet und mögliche Anhaltspunkte für die Erforschung weiterer Fallbeispiele erklärt.
Prediction uncertainty validation for computational chemists
Creators: name: Pernot, Pascal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Validation of prediction uncertainty (PU) is becoming an essential task for modern computational chemistry. Designed to quantify the reliability of predictions in meteorology, the calibration-sharpness (CS) framework is now widely used to optimize and validate uncertainty-aware machine learning (ML) methods. However, its application is not limited to ML and it can serve as a principled framework for any PU validation. The present article is intended as a step-by-step introduction to the concepts and techniques of PU validation in the CS framework, adapted to the specifics of computational chemistry. The presented methods range from elementary graphical checks to more sophisticated ones based on local calibration statistics. The concept of tightness, is introduced. The methods are illustrated on synthetic datasets and applied to uncertainty quantification data extracted from the computational chemistry literature.
description: Accepted for publication in J. Chem. Phys
On the coupling of Galilean-invariant field theories to curved spacetime
Creators: name: Jensen, Kristan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the problem of coupling Galilean-invariant quantum field theories to a fixed spacetime. We propose that to do so, one couples to Newton-Cartan geometry and in addition imposes a one-form shift symmetry. This additional symmetry imposes invariance under Galilean boosts, and its Ward identity equates particle number and momentum currents. We show that Newton-Cartan geometry subject to the shift symmetry arises in null reductions of Lorentzian manifolds, and so our proposal is realized for theories which are holographically dual to quantum gravity on Schrödinger spacetimes. We use this null reduction to efficiently form tensorial invariants under the boost and particle number symmetries. We also explore the coupling of Schrödinger-invariant field theories to spacetime, which we argue necessitates the Newton-Cartan analogue of Weyl invariance.
description: 48 pages; v2: long overdue replacement with various minor improvements; v3: added a few clarifications
Dust in the wind: the role of recent mass loss in long gamma-ray bursts
Creators: name: Margutti, Raffaella
name: Guidorzi, C.
name: Lazzati, D.
name: Milisavljevic, D.
name: Kamble, A.
name: Laskar, T.
name: Parrent, J.
name: Gehrels, N. C.
name: Soderberg, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the late-time (t>0.5 days) X-ray afterglows of nearby (z<0.5) long Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRB) with Swift and identify a population of explosions with slowly decaying, super-soft (photon index Gamma_x>3) X-ray emission that is inconsistent with forward shock synchrotron radiation associated with the afterglow. These explosions also show larger-than-average intrinsic absorption (NH_x,i >6d21 cm-2) and prompt gamma-ray emission with extremely long duration (T_90>1000 s). Chance association of these three rare properties (i.e. large NH_x,i, super-soft Gamma_x and extreme duration) in the same class of explosions is statistically unlikely. We associate these properties with the turbulent mass-loss history of the progenitor star that enriched and shaped the circum-burst medium. We identify a natural connection between NH_x,i Gamma_x and T_90 in these sources by suggesting that the late-time super-soft X-rays originate from radiation reprocessed by material lost to the environment by the stellar progenitor before exploding, (either in the form of a dust echo or as reprocessed radiation from a long-lived GRB remnant), and that the interaction of the explosion's shock/jet with the complex medium is the source of the extremely long prompt emission. However, current observations do not allow us to exclude the possibility that super-soft X-ray emitters originate from peculiar stellar progenitors with large radii that only form in very dusty environments.
description: 6 pages, Submitted to ApJ
title: Scham und Beschämung im monoedukativen versus koedukativen Unterricht für Bewegung und Sport
Creators: name: Bellante, Michael
Year: 2022

description: Diese Masterarbeit ist ein Beitrag zur wissenschaftlichen Diskussion um die Mono- oder Koedukation im Unterricht für Bewegung und Sport. Die Ausgangsthese lautet, dass Scham und Beschämung im monoedukativen Bewegungs- und Sportunterricht andersartig auftritt als im koedukativen Sportunterricht. Diese These soll anhand einer empirischen Studie sowie deren Einordnung in den fachliterarischen Kontext überprüft werden. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden anhand der qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse nach Mayring (2000, 2015, 2016) schriftliche Interviews (Schiek, 2014) von rund 160 Studierenden der Universitäten und Hochschulen Wiens in Hinblick auf ein im monoedukativen Unterricht für Bewegung und Sport eingetretenes Schamerlebnis analysiert. Die Ergebnisse dieser empirischen Erhebung werden im Anschluss in die bereits bestehende Fachliteratur über das Schamempfinden im koedukativen Sportunterricht von Schüler*innen eingeordnet. Diese Gegenüberstellung wird zeigen, dass sich die konkreten Situationen im geschlechtergetrennten Bewegungs- und Sportunterricht, welche zu Scham und Beschämung führen, nicht wesentlich von denen aus dem gemischtgeschlechtlichen Sportunterricht unterscheiden. Die der Arbeit zugrundeliegende These wird somit durch die Ergebnisse dieser Forschung widerlegt. Gleichzeitig wird insgesamt die Frage nach der Sinnhaftigkeit einer Trennung nach binärem Geschlechterverständnis aufgeworfen.
description: This master thesis is a contribution to the scientific discussion about single-gender and coeducation in physical education classes. The initial thesis is that shame and shaming occur differently in single-gender physical education classes than in coeducational sport classes. This thesis is tested by means of an empirical study and it is compared with the existing literature on the topic of shame and shaming in coeducational sport classes. In this paper, qualitative content analysis according to Mayring (2000, 2015, 2016) is used to analyse written interviews (Schiek, 2014) of about 160 students from universities and colleges in Vienna with regard to any shameful experience that occurred in single-gender physical education classes. The results of this empirical survey are subsequently related to existing findings from the literature on the experience of shame in coeducational sport classes of students. This comparison shows that the concrete situations in gender-segregated physical education classes that lead to shame and embarrassment do not differ significantly from those found in mixed-gender sport classes. Thus, the thesis underlying the paper is refuted by the results of this research. At the same time, the overall question of the meaningfulness of segregation according to binary gender understandings is raised.
Magnetically controlled stellar differential rotation near the transition from solar to anti-solar profiles
Creators: name: Karak, Bidya Binay
name: Kapyla, Petri J.
name: Kapyla, Maarit J.
name: Brandenburg, Axel
name: Olspert, N.
name: Pelt, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Late-type stars rotate differentially owing to anisotropic turbulence in their outer convection zones. The rotation is called solar-like (SL) when the equator rotates fastest and anti-solar (AS) otherwise. Hydrodynamic simulations show a transition from SL to AS rotation as the influence of rotation on convection is reduced, but the opposite transition occurs at a different point in the parameter space. The system is bistable, i.e., SL and AS rotation profiles can both be stable. We study the effect of a dynamo-generated magnetic field on the large-scale flows, particularly on the possibility of bistable behavior of differential rotation. We solve the hydromagnetic equations numerically in a rotating spherical shell for a set of different radiative conductivities controlling the relative importance of convection. In agreement with earlier findings, our models display SL rotation profiles when the rotational influence on convection is strong and a transition to AS when the rotational influence decreases. We find that dynamo-generated magnetic fields help to produce SL differential rotation compared to the hydrodynamic simulations. We do not observe any bistable states of differential rotation. In the AS cases we get coherent single-cell meridional circulation, whereas in SL cases we get multi-cellular patterns. In both cases, we obtain poleward circulation near the surface with a magnitude close to that observed in the Sun. Moreover, both differential rotation and meridional circulation have significant magnetic cycle-related variations that are similar in strength to those of the Sun. Purely hydrodynamic simulations of differential rotation and meridional circulation are shown to be of limited relevance as magnetic fields, self-consistently generated by dynamo action, significantly affect the flows.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Directly wireless communication of human minds via non-invasive brain-computer-metasurface platform
Creators: name: Ma, Qian
name: Gao, Wei
name: Xiao, Qiang
name: Ding, Lingsong
name: Gao, Tianyi
name: Zhou, Yajun
name: Gao, Xinxin
name: Yan, Tao
name: Liu, Che
name: Gu, Ze
name: Kong, Xianghong
name: Abbasi, Qammer H.
name: Li, Lianlin
name: Qiu, Cheng-Wei
name: Li, Yuanqing
name: Cui, Tie Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), invasive or non-invasive, have projected unparalleled vision and promise for assisting patients in need to better their interaction with the surroundings. Inspired by the BCI-based rehabilitation technologies for nerve-system impairments and amputation, we propose an electromagnetic brain-computer-metasurface (EBCM) paradigm, regulated by human's cognition by brain signals directly and non-invasively. We experimentally show that our EBCM platform can translate human's mind from evoked potentials of P300-based electroencephalography to digital coding information in the electromagnetic domain non-invasively, which can be further processed and transported by an information metasurface in automated and wireless fashions. Directly wireless communications of the human minds are performed between two EBCM operators with accurate text transmissions. Moreover, several other proof-of-concept mind-control schemes are presented using the same EBCM platform, exhibiting flexibly-customized capabilities of information processing and synthesis like visual-beam scanning, wave modulations, and pattern encoding.
Towards the structure of a cubic interaction vertex for massless integer higher spin fields
Creators: name: Reshetnyak, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81T11

description: The structure of a cubic Lagrangian vertex is clarified for irreducible fields of helicities $s_1, s_2, s_3$ in a $d$-dimensional Minkowski space. An explicit form of the operator $\mathcal{Z}_j$ entering the vertex in a non-multiplicative way (examined in arXiv:2105.12030[hep-th] for $j=1$) is obtained. The solution is found within the BRST approach with complete BRST operators, which contain all constraints corresponding to the conditions that extract the irreducible fields, including trace operators.
description: Latex Pepan style, 11 pages