cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Anas clangula Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Anseriformes
Anatidae
Anas
Anas clangula

description: Anas clangula [spec. nov.]
A. nigro alboque varia, capite tumido nigro-viridi: sinu oris macula alba. Fn. svec. 100. It. ael. 49.
Clangula. Gesn. av. 119. Alb. av. 1. p. 92. t. 96.
Anas platyrhynchos mas. Aldr. orn. l. 19. t. 42. Will. orn. 282. t. 73. Raj. av. 142.
Habitat in Europa; saepius maritima.
Urinatur egregie, quaesitura cochleas, trachea ventriosa, oculis aeneis.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 125, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Diffusion-HMC: Parameter Inference with Diffusion-model-driven Hamiltonian Monte Carlo
Creators: name: Mudur, Nayantara
name: Cuesta-Lazaro, Carolina
name: Finkbeiner, Douglas P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Diffusion generative models have excelled at diverse image generation and reconstruction tasks across fields. A less explored avenue is their application to discriminative tasks involving regression or classification problems. The cornerstone of modern cosmology is the ability to generate predictions for observed astrophysical fields from theory and constrain physical models from observations using these predictions. This work uses a single diffusion generative model to address these interlinked objectives -- as a surrogate model or emulator for cold dark matter density fields conditional on input cosmological parameters, and as a parameter inference model that solves the inverse problem of constraining the cosmological parameters of an input field. The model is able to emulate fields with summary statistics consistent with those of the simulated target distribution. We then leverage the approximate likelihood of the diffusion generative model to derive tight constraints on cosmology by using the Hamiltonian Monte Carlo method to sample the posterior on cosmological parameters for a given test image. Finally, we demonstrate that this parameter inference approach is more robust to small perturbations of noise to the field than baseline parameter inference networks.
description: Published in ApJ, Updated with the accepted version
Impact of 3-D Printing Technology in Manufacturing Supply Lines to Improve Resilience During Black Swan Events
Creators: name: Serohi, Ajay
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Additive Manufacturing
subject: 91007 Manufacturing Robotics and Mechatronics (excl. Automotive Mechatronics)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 91006 Manufacturing Processes and Technologies (excl. Textiles)
subject: 91099 Manufacturing Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: 91005 Manufacturing Management
subject: 91002 Flexible Manufacturing Systems

description: Globalized networks of suppliers and manufacturing hubs may fail in the face of high impact and unpredictable events such as Hurricane Katrina, the 9/11 terrorist attack, the Fukushima disaster and the COVID-19 pandemic—known as black swan events. I examine how 3-D printing, a now widespread and powerful technology, may be relevant in this context. I show 3-D printing in the manufacturing sector will simplify complex and globalized networks thereby making them more resilient to black swan events. The findings of this review article are important for managers and chief supply chain officers in that they can better simplify the chains through the adoption of 3-D printing infrastructure, thereby insulating their businesses from the cascading effects of black swan events. I find support for the hypothesis that the adoption of 3-D printing infrastructure in manufacturing supply chain infrastructure leads to simplification of the networks. It facilitates simplification through economies of scale, customization, co-production, better demand prediction, freedom in shape design, allowance for manufacturing postponement, fewer nodes and integration of functionalities to reduce steps in the chain. These contribute to improved resilience through a variety of mechanisms.
Additional file 1: of Bivariate genome-wide association analysis strengthens the role of bitter receptor clusters on chromosomes 7 and 12 in human bitter taste
Creators: name: Liang-Dar Hwang
name: Puya Gharahkhani
name: Breslin, Paul
name: Gordon, Scott
name: Zhu, Gu
name: Martin, Nicholas
name: Reed, Danielle
name: Wright, Margaret
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Table S1. Top 100 SNPs on chromosome 12 associated with the perceived intensity of quinine. (DOCX 177 kb)
CD8+ T-cells responses in Dengue virus infection
Creators: name: Wangteeraprasert, Apirath
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2012

description: Dengue virus, which has four serotypes, has several clinical manifestations including asymptomatic infection, a self-limiting febrile illness termed dengue fever (DF) and a severe form characterized by plasma leakage termed dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). The pathogenesis of DHF is not fully understood and many studies have shown that it is more prevalent during secondary infection. In addition to a mechanism termed antibody dependent enhancement (ADE), the role of T-cells in the pathogenesis of dengue also has been investigated. It has been hypothesized that upon secondary infection dengue-specific memory T-cells generated during a previous infection, which are cross-reactive and have low avidity for the current serotype dominate the T-cell response. This phenomenon is called ‘Original antigenic sin’ and the consequence of this low avidity T-cell response may be ineffective viral elimination leading to increased production of inflammatory cytokines which could cause plasma leakage. To study CD8+ T-cell responses to dengue-peptide variants, HLA-A11-restricted NS3 133-142-specific T-cell clones were generated and their cytotoxicity, proliferation and cytokine production in response to variant epitopes was tested. The results support that the magnitude of T-cell responses is related to the strength of the TCR-peptide-MHC interaction. AG129 mice, which lack both IFN (symbol missing) and IFN (symbol missing) receptors, show susceptibility to dengue virus infection and develop symptoms seen during human infection such as vascular leakage. This allows for investigation of the role of T-cell responses generated towards sequential infections with well defined serotypes. Experiments that would be very difficult to carry out in human dengue patients. Splenocytes from sequentially infected AG129 mice were assayed for their response to whole dengue proteins from serotype 1 and 2 virus. New epitopes were identified and CD8+ T-cell lines and clones were generated and their functions studied using peptide variants. The results showed that dengue-specific cross-reactive memory CTLs displayed better recognition of epitopes encountered during primary immunisa tion as compare to those recognised during secondary immunisation, which supports the idea of original antigenic sin in dengue-specific CD8+ T -cells. In conclusion, this study focuses on cross-reactive dengue-specific CD8+ T-cells and their functions when recognizing heterologous dengue peptides to clarify their role in pathogenesis.
title: A Study of Child Abuse: Race Gender and Family Structure
Creators: name: Faircloth, Linda Wyatt
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1998

description: Using 1989-1994 data collected from the Portsmouth Department of Social Services in Portsmouth, Virginia, this study looked at severity and recidivism of child abuse in Portsmouth from 1989-1994. Analyses of data from the Portsmouth Department of Social Services indicated that children living in single parent families are more likely to be severely abused than children living in two parent families but no differences were observed for race and age.
Effects of multidirectional flow on cultured endothelium
Creators: name: Ghim, Mean Chung
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Endothelial permeability to circulating macromolecules and patterns of haemodynamic wall shear stress both vary from site to site within the arterial system. Influences of local blood flow on macromolecule transport across the endothelium may account for the patchy nature of atherosclerosis, but the routes for such transport and their modification by flow are highly controversial. The current consensus attributes the site specific formation of atherosclerotic lesions within the vasculature to low and oscillatory hemodynamic wall shear stress. However, effects of multidirectional shear stress, which occur in lesion prone regions, are not fully understood. An orbital shaker was utilised to impose chronic multidirectional shear stresses on cultured porcine aortic endothelial cells grown in multi-well plates. The orbital motion induced a wave of culture medium which rotated around the well. The shear stresses experienced by the endothelial cells at each location on the bottom of the well and at each time during the orbit were obtained using numerical methods. Spatially-resolved measurements of permeability were made by using molecular recognition between the substrate underneath the cells and different sized tracers initially placed above them. The tracer bound to the substrate once it was transported through the monolayer, and was detected by confocal microscopy. Numerical methods revealed cells at the centre of the well experienced multidirectional shear stress whereas cells at the edge were subjected to uniaxial shear stress. The transport routes of macromolecules through the monolayer were dependent on size of the macromolecules and their modification by different shear stress characteristics also varied. Chronic multidirectional shear stress appears to be proatherogenic, priming endothelial cell for inflammation and affecting the barrier function of the monolayer. Combining spatially-resolved measurements of permeability with the orbital shaker model to study the effects of chronic multidirectional flow will be a useful model for further in vitro studies.
Towards Certification of Uncertainty Calibration under Adversarial Attacks
Creators: name: Emde, Cornelius
name: Pinto, Francesco
name: Lukasiewicz, Thomas
name: Torr, Philip H. S.
name: Bibi, Adel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Since neural classifiers are known to be sensitive to adversarial perturbations that alter their accuracy, \textit{certification methods} have been developed to provide provable guarantees on the insensitivity of their predictions to such perturbations. Furthermore, in safety-critical applications, the frequentist interpretation of the confidence of a classifier (also known as model calibration) can be of utmost importance. This property can be measured via the Brier score or the expected calibration error. We show that attacks can significantly harm calibration, and thus propose certified calibration as worst-case bounds on calibration under adversarial perturbations. Specifically, we produce analytic bounds for the Brier score and approximate bounds via the solution of a mixed-integer program on the expected calibration error. Finally, we propose novel calibration attacks and demonstrate how they can improve model calibration through \textit{adversarial calibration training}.
description: 10 pages main paper, appendix included Published at: International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR) 2025
title: ADCO, Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour les possessions d’Izeure (XVe siècle), Cart. 178 (11 H 80), 82 folios, f. 0098
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2015
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire

description: Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour les possessions d’Izeure (XVe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 178 (11 H 80), 82 folios, f. 0098, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour les possessions d’Izeure (XVe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 178 (11 H 80), 82 folios, f. 0098, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
Anas rustica Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Anseriformes
Anatidae
Anas
Anas rustica

description: Anas rustica [spec. nov.]
A. fusco cinerea, macula aurium alarumque alba.
Anas minor ex albo & fusco varia. Catesb. car. 1. p. 98. t. 98.
Habitat in America septentrionali.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 125, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Necrotizing Fasciitis as a Complication of Odontogenic Abscess
Creators: name: Juárez-Rebollar Alejandra Giselle
name: Juárez-Rebollar Daniel
name: Juárez-Paredes Celso Marcelo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Necrotizing fasciitis
odontogenic
abscess
infection

description: Different dental infections can get complicated and spread. Necrotizing fasciitis is a rare infection, which occurs mainly in immunocompromised patients, and usually presents as a serious complication of dental infections, compromising the general condition of the patient and can even be life-threatening. It requires rapid recognition of the clinic to be able to diagnose it, as well as the support of imaging studies to ascertain the limits of affection caused by Necrotizing Fasciitis. The management for necrotizing fasciitis is medical (broad spectrum antibiotics and multidisciplinary management) as well as extensive and aggressive surgery. The importance of knowing Necrotizing Fasciitis will help to provide better care to patients, improve prognosis, act on time and limit the disease. That is why it requires knowledge and emergency management. The following text explains in detail Odontogenic Necrotizing Fasciitis.
ASCA and contemporaneous ground-based observations of the BL Lacertae objects 1749+096 and 2200+420 (BL Lac)
Creators: name: Sambruna, Rita M.
name: Ghisellini, G.
name: Hooper, Eric
name: Kollgaard, R. I.
name: Pesce, J. E.
name: Urry, C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present ASCA observations of the radio-selected BL Lacertae objects 1749+096 (z=0.32) and 2200+420 (BL Lac, z=0.069) performed in 1995 Sept and Nov, respectively. The ASCA spectra of both sources can be described as a first approximation by a power law with photon index Gamma ~ 2. This is flatter than for most X-ray-selected BL Lacs observed with ASCA, in agreement with the predictions of current blazar unification models. While 1749+096 exhibits tentative evidence for spectral flattening at low energies, a concave continuum is detected for 2200+420: the steep low-energy component is consistent the high-energy tail of the synchrotron emission responsible for the longer wavelengths, while the harder tail at higher energies is the onset of the Compton component. The spectral energy distributions from radio to gamma-rays are consistent with synchrotron-self Compton emission from a single homogeneous region shortward of the IR/optical wavelengths, with a second component in the radio domain related to a more extended emission region. For 2200+420, comparing the 1995 Nov state with the optical/GeV flare of 1997 July, we find that models requiring inverse Compton scattering of external photons provide a viable mechanism for the production of the highest (GeV) energies during the flare. An increase of the external radiation density and of the power injected in the jet can reproduce the flat gamma-ray continuum observed in 1997 July. A directly testable prediction of this model is that the line luminosity in 2200+420 should vary shortly after (~1 month) a non-thermal synchrotron flare.
description: 28 pages,6 figures, 5 tables; LaTeX document. accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Anas perspicillata Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Anseriformes
Anatidae
Anas
Anas perspicillata

description: Anas perspicillata [spec. nov.]
A. nigra, vertice nuchaque albis, macula nigra rostri pone nares.
Anas canadensis major niger. Edw. av. 155. t. 155.
Habitat in Canada.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 125, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Development of positron emission tomography imaging methods for predicting and monitoring response to breast cancer therapy
Creators: name: Merchant, Shairoz
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: In clinical breast cancer, endocrine therapy and cytotoxic chemotherapy are the mainstay of treatment. Progesterone receptor (PR) analogues can be radiolabelled by Positron Emission Tomography (PET) to assess response to endocrine therapy while molecular imaging of apoptosis biomarkers can be utilised to monitor early response to chemotherapy. To develop a pre-clinical PR PET imaging agent, LA036 (a PR analogue), based on non-steroidal tanaproget core, was selected due to high affinity to PR with a relative binding affinity of 140%, compared to progesterone. Cell uptake studies in various PR cell lines and blocking studies with progesterone demonstrated specificity of [18F]LA036 for PR. PET imaging of T47D xenografts with [18F]LA036 revealed uptake in the tumour: AUC0-60(%ID/ml)(area under the curve from 0-60min) 498.79±29.7%, muscle: (AUC0-60 423.62±26.3). The tracer was unstable in vivo, with high uptake due to metabolism noted in various organs with deflourination observed in bone. [18F]ICMT-11, an isatin analogue is a novel PET radiotracer for detection of apoptosis. Treatment of a breast cancer xenograft MDA-MB-231 with combination chemotherapy resulted in increased uptake of [18F]ICMT-11 in tumour within 24 hours of treatment and sustained up to 96 hours. The corresponding NUV60(%ID/ml) of time-points was 0.203 (Control), 0.789 (24h), 0.832 (48h), 0.903 (72h) and 0.757 (96h). PET based voxel intensity histograms revealed an increase in voxel intensity maintained between 24 and 96h post-chemotherapy. TUNEL and caspase immunofluorescence of tumours correlated with PET data of increased apoptosis with chemotherapy while Ki67 index correlated with reduced proliferation of the tumour. In clinical breast cancer, [18F]ICMT-11 was utilised to study the optimum time point of apoptosis following chemotherapy. Patients were imaged at baseline and 24-48h post chemotherapy, exhibited an increase in standardised uptake value (SUV) in the lymph nodes; SUVav 0.39±0.02 (pre), SUVav 0.45±0.03 (post), and SUVmax 0.87± 0.02(pre),1.22±0.12 (post). In patients imaged at baseline and 2 weeks post chemotherapy, tumour to breast ratio (TBR) and tumour to muscle ratio (TMR) were increased. Immunohistochemistry with caspase and TUNEL labelling from breast biopsies was related to apoptosis observed in the PET data. Endocrine therapy and chemotherapy in breast cancer treatment can therefore be monitored by utilisation of molecular imaging using PET.
Additional file 1: of Aptamer-based search for correlates of plasma and serum water T2: implications for early metabolic dysregulation and metabolic syndrome
Creators: name: Vipulkumar Patel
name: Dwivedi, Alok
name: Deodhar, Sneha
name: Mishra, Ina
name: Cistola, David
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S1. Spearman correlation of plasma water T2 with SOMAscan biomarkers. Table S2. Spearman correlation of serum water T2 with SOMAscan biomarkers. Table S3. Clusters of plasma T2-correlated SOMAscan biomarkers. Table S4. Clusters of serum T2-correlated SOMAscan biomarkers. (DOCX 86 kb)
Additional file 10: of Autozygosity islands and ROH patterns in Nellore lineages: evidence of selection for functionally important traits
Creators: name: Peripolli, Elisa
name: Metzger, Julia
name: Lemos, Marcos De
name: Nedenia Stafuzza
name: Kluska, Sabrina
name: Olivieri, Bianca
name: Fabieli Feitosa
name: Berton, Mariana
name: Lopes, Fernando
name: Danísio Munari
name: Raysildo Lôbo
name: Magnabosco, Cláudio De Ulhoa
name: Croce, Fernando Di
name: Osterstock, Jason
name: Denise, Sue
name: Pereira, Angélica
name: Baldi, Fernando
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Outliers SNPs for each Nellore lineage (n = 8646) according to Boxplot distribution. (PDF 340 kb)
Additional file 17: of Bivariate genome-wide association analysis strengthens the role of bitter receptor clusters on chromosomes 7 and 12 in human bitter taste
Creators: name: Liang-Dar Hwang
name: Puya Gharahkhani
name: Breslin, Paul
name: Gordon, Scott
name: Zhu, Gu
name: Martin, Nicholas
name: Reed, Danielle
name: Wright, Margaret
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Figure S5. The Q-Q plots for each of the bivariate analyses. SOA: sucrose octaacetate. DB: denatonium benzoate. (DOCX 2547 kb)
Catalytic STEREOSELECTIVE β–Elimination Reactions using Cobalt Vinylidenes
Creators: name: Kanale, Vibha Vijayakumar
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 340601
subject: Catalysis and mechanisms of reactions
classificationCode: 340503
subject: Organic chemical synthesis

description: Ring strain is the driving force for numerous ring-opening reactions of three- and four-membered heterocycles. By comparison, five-membered heterocycles lack this thermodynamic driving force. As a result, only a few methods exist for the ring-opening of five-membered heterocycles using transition metal catalysts. For unstrained and unactivated 2,5-dihydrofurans this is achieved via a β-O elimination process, wherein, gaining selectivity over a competing β-H elimination is challenging. We report a novel strategy for the asymmetric ring-opening of 2,5-dihydrofurans with dichloroalkenes utilizing an earth-abundant cobalt catalyst. We propose that the dichloroalkenes form reactive vinylidene intermediates with the chiral catalyst, followed by a [2+2] cycloaddition with the heterocyclic alkene. This cobaltacyclobutane exclusively undergoes an outer-sphere β-O elimination assisted by zinc halide. Alternative inner-sphere β-O and β-H elimination pathways are inaccessible from this four-membered metallacycle. This is followed by a transmetallation step to form a zinc metallacycle, which subsequently gives rise to homoallylic alcohols, upon quenching, with high diastero- and enantioselectivity. Additionally, the organozinc intermediate can be trapped in situ by various electrophiles for further derivatizations. DFT model predicts the origin of the high diastereo- as well as enantioselectivity observed in the reaction.Furthermore, the cobaltacyclobutane intermediate serves as a dynamic platform, facilitating access to a diverse array of products depending on the alkene partners employed. Utilizing chiral allylic alcohols as alkene partners leads to the translation of stereochemical information enabling the stereospecific synthesis of both E- and Z-isomers of alkenes. Alkenes are important motifs found in various natural products and bioactive compounds. A catalytic approach for the precise control of the alkene geometry is highly valuable since the stereochemistry of alkenes plays a pivotal role in determining the properties of molecules. Our strategy provides access to organozinc dienes which could be functionalized further to form highly substituted 1,4-skipped dienes. Additionally, meso-diols can undergo a desymmetrizing β-O elimination from the cobaltacyclobutane intermediate yielding chiral cyclopentenols with contiguous stereocenters
Development of grafting strategies for the polymer functionalisation of graphene
Creators: name: Au, Yin-Nei Heather
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Graphene is well-known for its exceptional mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties, but its potential is yet to be fully realised in bulk applications due to difficulties in obtaining a large yield of high-quality individually-dispersed graphene sheets. In this thesis, reductive exfoliation of bulk graphite is demonstrated as a promising and versatile method which allows the isolation of single- and few-layer graphenes; the production of reduced graphene, or ‘graphenide’, solutions shows varying efficiency in different solvents. Subsequent functionalisation of graphenide dispersions with various electrophiles, including 1-bromododecane, anionic monomers such as methyl methacrylate, and bromine, results in increased solubility in organic solvents, without damage to the graphene basal plane. Exact characterisation and quantification of grafting is complicated by the presence of solvent remaining between graphene layers, a phenomenon which is not significant in other carbon nanomaterials. Reductive alkylation was carried out on five different graphitic starting materials including two types of natural flake graphite, shear-exfoliated graphite platelets, graphite nanofibres, and few-layer graphene. The study reveals pronounced differences in the obtained grafted species with respect to the degree of functionalisation and residual solvent, exfoliation efficiency and product homogeneity. These results are shown to be dependent on the size and nature of the starting material, with few-layer graphene showing the highest grafting ratios. Few-layer graphene was also functionalised with various molecular weight poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) polymers by grafting-to and grafting-from approaches; the grafting ratios were higher for the grafting-from approach and the products showed a far greater dispersibility in acetone (up to 920 µg/mL). In parallel with these direct polymer-grafting strategies on few-layer graphene, the reduction method was used to dissolve and brominate few-layer graphene sheets, achieving direct covalent attachment of bromine to the graphene framework. The brominated few-layer graphenes provide a convenient, stable, liquid-phase precursor, suitable for the synthesis of a variety of directly functionalised graphenes. As an example, the brominated species was used to initiate atom transfer radical polymerisation, to obtain PMMA-grafted graphene, which was six times more dispersible in acetone than controls. In addition, brominated graphene is active for nucleophilic substitution reactions, as illustrated by the preparation of methoxypolyethylene glycol- and hydroxyl-substituted derivatives. Grafting ratios for these polymer-functionalised materials varied between 6 and 25% and all graphene derivatives showed increased solubility in organic solvents, highlighting the potential of this route for preparing large quantities of dispersed graphene with minimal damage to the carbon framework.
Photon self-energy at all temperatures and densities in all of phase space
Creators: name: Schérer, Hugo
name: Schutz, Katelin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In an isotropic background comprised of free charges, the transverse and longitudinal modes of the photon acquire large corrections to their dispersion relations, described by the in-medium photon self-energy. Previous work has developed simple approximations that describe the propagation of on-shell photons in plasmas of varying temperatures and densities. However, off-shell excitations can also receive large medium-induced corrections, and the on-shell approximations have often been used in an effort to capture these effects. In this work we show that the off-shell self-energy can be qualitatively very different than the on-shell case. We develop analytic approximations that are accurate everywhere in phase space, especially in classical and degenerate plasmas. From these, we recover the on-shell expressions in the appropriate limit. Our expressions also reproduce the well-known Lindhard response function from solid-state physics for the longitudinal mode.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
Anas glaucion Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Anseriformes
Anatidae
Anas
Anas glaucion

description: Anas glaucion [spec. nov.]
A. iridibus flavis, capite griseo, collari albo. Faun. svec. 104.
Glaucion. Bell. av. 33: b. Aldr. orn. l. 13. c. 38. Will. orn. 231. Raj. av. 144.
Habitat in Europae maritimis.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 126, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Perceptual modelling and processing of reverberant speech
Creators: name: Javed, Hamza Ahmed
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: The study of reverberation, broadly defined as the multipath propagation of sound in an enclosed space, has attracted significant interest from speech processing engineers and researchers alike. This is due in large part to the proliferation of speech processing technologies that facilitate distant talking speech input. In such scenarios, understanding the impact of reverberation on speech quality, and mitigating its detrimental impact through dereverberation techniques, are important and practically well motivated tasks. This research concerns both these topics. More specifically, in this work we (1) extend and develop an objective measure for predicting the level of perceived reverberation, (2) conduct an experimental investigation into reverberation perception and (3) propose the use of a spherical microphone array rake receiver to perform speech dereverberation. In order to assess the level of perceived reverberation in speech, we develop the extended Reverberation Decay Tail (RDTx) measure. Employing an improved perceptual model, the performance of the measure is first evaluated objectively. Later, we propose experimental methodologies and listening test schemes to collect subjective assessments. From the data obtained, the acoustic parameters most strongly correlated with reverberation perception are identified. The insights gained from the experimental investigation are used to further develop and validate the model of perceived reverberation incorporated in the RDTx measure. The final contribution of this work, is the formulation of acoustic rake receivers in the spherical harmonic domain, which exploit signal reflections to perform speech dereverberation. Evaluating the proposed designs using widely adopted objective metrics, as well as the objective measures developed in this work, demonstrates the constructive use of early reflections can lead to substantial dereverberation.
Exploring Frustration Effects of Strongly Interacting Bosons via the Hall Response
Creators: name: Halati, Catalin-Mihai
name: Giamarchi, Thierry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the Hall response of hardcore bosonic atoms on a triangular ladder in a magnetic field. To access the dynamical properties of this many-body quantum system, we employ matrix product states numerical methods. We show that the behavior of the Hall polarization, both in its saturation value and in the short-time dynamics, correlates with the features of the underlying phase diagram, which stem from the interplay of interactions and geometric frustration. This paves the way to employ the Hall response as a sensitive probe of many-body chiral quantum phases in strongly correlated materials.
Topological spin dynamics in 2D Bose Lattices
Creators: name: Galilo, Bogdan
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: This thesis presents theoretical work devoted to the manifestation of the edge states of boson topological band insulators in optical lattice experiments with weakly-interacting spinor condensates. Although the investigation is presented mainly on a spin-one Kane-Mele model, many aspects of this thesis can be generalised to other lattice models. One major question this thesis addresses is the relevance of topological edge states in the dynamics of the interacting boson systems. This thesis shows how interactions in quenched spinor condensates can facilitate the manifestation of the edge states of two dimensional topological lattice models. Provided certain quench and symmetry-related conditions are fulfilled, the edge states are found to be populated exponentially fast right after the quench. A growing edge spin current is also described. A preliminary numerical computation for later times suggests a particle redistribution from the edge back into the bulk. The presence of a harmonic potential in optical lattice experiments often obscures the manifestation of the edge states. In relation to this problem, spinor condensates have been considered, and a sharpening of the boundaries is observed in the Thomas-Fermi regime. Moreover, for spin-$\pm1$ states, despite the presence of the external potential, one can recover a band structure similar to that of a non-interacting model with hard-wall boundaries. Approximate analytical expressions for the edge-state energies in the presence of a harmonic potential are derived. The results presented in this thesis aim to widen the understanding of the manifestation of boson topological edge states, and are in line with the current experiments with ultracold atoms. The thesis suggests mechanisms of experimentally probing boson topological edge states and their quench dynamics with spinor condensates.
LVDC electrical distribution in modern buildings
Creators: name: Laudani, Giuseppe Attilio
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: The use of DC current for transmitting, distributing, and supplying electrical energy to final users is a very old topic in the field of electrical engineering, dating back to late nineteenth century. In fact, it traces back to the famous “War of currents” that saw Thomas Edison (1847-1931) against George Westinghouse, in the conceptual battle related to the best way for transmitting electrical energy over long distances. Edison advocated the use of DC energy, while Westinghouse was a supporter of AC current, because he was well aware of the crucial benefits of important discoveries such as the transformer by Nikola Tesla and the AC machine by Galileo Ferraris. In fact, electrical energy produced by using AC machines could have been raised in terms of voltage magnitude and being transmitted over long distances with much lower losses than DC current. The advantage obtained by the discoveries of Tesla and Ferraris, made AC become the standard way for distributing electrical energy for decades up to nowadays. Nonetheless, the big progress in the field of electrical energy conversion from the beginning of the twentieth century, especially after the invention of the transistor, paved the way to the comeback of DC current as a more effective way for electrical energy transmission. This topic is recently one of the most interesting in the field of electrical engineering with extensive research all over the world. This thesis wants to just introduce research and professional people into this challenging and fascinating field, by showing some significant results and advantages of a topic that is going to become predominant in the electrical engineering sector, and that will surely affect people’s lives in the years to come. The thesis is constituted of five chapters, which describe the following topics: introduction to LVDC, for getting acquainted with the fascinating world of DC electricity, integration of DERs in buildings, which deals with the issues relative to users also becoming producers of electricity thanks to the integration of DERs in microgrids (mostly AC nowadays, but more DC in future), the control strategies for DC microgrids, which mainly describes the control of the microgrid as a whole, thanks to the SCADA approach. The last two chapters show the results from the simulation of the DC microgrid implemented in MATLAB/Simulink, and the conclusions and future developments.
Anas penelope Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Anseriformes
Anatidae
Anas
Anas penelope

description: Anas penelope [spec. nov.]
A. cauda acutiuscula subtus nigra, capite brunneo, fronte alba. Fn. svec. 105.
Penelope. Gesn. av. 108. Aldr. orn. l. 19. c. 38. Jonst. av. l. 49. Will. orn. 288. t. 72. Raj. av. 146.
Anas fistularis. Alb. av. 2. p. 88. t. 99.
Habitat in Europae maritimis & paludibus.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 126, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
A framework for integrating and transforming between ontologies and relational databases
Creators: name: Al Khuzayem, Lama
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Bridging the gap between ontologies, expressed in the Web Ontology Language (OWL), and relational databases is a necessity for realising the Semantic Web vision. Relational databases are considered a good solution for storing and processing ontologies with a large amount of data. Moreover, the vast majority of current websites store data in relational databases, and therefore being able to generate ontologies from such databases is important to support the development of the Semantic Web. Most of the work concerning this topic has either (1) extracted an OWL ontology from an existing relational database that represents as exactly as possible the relational schema, using a limited range of OWL modelling constructs, or (2) extracted a relational database from an existing OWL ontology, that represents as much as possible the OWL ontology. By way of contrast, this thesis proposes a general framework for transforming and mapping between ontologies and databases, via an intermediate low-level Hyper-graph Data Model. The transformation between relational and OWL schemas is expressed using directional Both-As-View mappings, allowing a precise definition of the equivalence between the two schemas, hence data can be mapped back and forth between them. In particular, for a given OWL ontology, we interpret the expressive axioms either as triggers, conforming to the Open-World Assumption, that performs a forward-chaining materialisation of inferred data, or as constraints, conforming to the Closed-World Assumption, that performs a consistency checking. With regards to extracting ontologies from relational databases, we transform a relational database into an exact OWL ontology, then enhance it with rich OWL 2 axioms, using a combination of schema and data analysis. We then apply machine learning algorithms to rank the suggested axioms based on past users’ relevance. A proof-of-concept tool, OWLRel, has been implemented, and a number of well-known ontologies and databases have been used to evaluate the approach and the OWLRel tool.
Neutral Hydrogen in the Ringed Barred Galaxies NGC 1433 and NGC 6300
Creators: name: Ryder, Stuart D.
name: Buta, Ronald J.
name: Toledo, Hector
name: Shukla, Hemant
name: Staveley-Smith, Lister
name: Walsh, Wilfred
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have made observations of the \ion{H}{1} in the southern ringed barred spiral galaxies NGC~1433 and NGC~6300 with the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA), the main goal being to test the resonance theory for the origin of these rings. NGC~1433 is the prototypical ringed barred spiral, and displays distinct \ion{H}{1}~counterparts to its nuclear ring, inner ring, outer pseudoring, and plume-like features. The $L_{4}$ and $L_{5}$ regions at corotation, as well as the bar itself, are relatively devoid of neutral atomic hydrogen. By associating the inner ring of NGC~1433 with the inner second harmonic resonance, and its outer pseudoring with the outer Lindblad resonance, we are able to infer a bar pattern speed for NGC~1433 of $26\pm5$~km~s$^{-1}$~kpc$^{-1}$. By way of contrast, NGC~6300 possesses a much more extended \ion{H}{1}~disk than NGC~1433. There is a gas ring underlying the inner pseudoring, but it is both broader and slightly larger in diameter than the optical feature. By again linking this inner ring feature to the inner second harmonic resonance, we derive a bar pattern speed for NGC~6300 of $27\pm8$~km~s$^{-1}$~kpc$^{-1}$, but in this case, neither the outer pseudoring nor the nuclear ring predicted by the resonance-ring theory can be identified in NGC~6300. Although it may be the case that the ring in NGC~6300 is not related to a resonance with the bar at all, we postulate instead that NGC~6300 is merely a less well-developed example of a resonance-ring galaxy than is NGC~1433.
description: 21 pages, aas2pp4 LaTeX, no figures included. Accepted for April 1 1996 ApJ. Full paper (with figures) available from http://www.phys.unsw.edu.au/~sdr/prep.html
Machine learning with sub-diffraction resolution in the photon-counting regime
Creators: name: Buonaiuto, Giuseppe
name: Lupo, Cosmo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The resolution of optical imaging is classically limited by the width of the point-spread function, which in turn is determined by the Rayleigh length. Recently, spatial-mode demultiplexing (SPADE) has been proposed as a method to achieve sub-Rayleigh estimation and discrimination of natural, incoherent sources. Here we show that SPADE yields sub-diffraction resolution in the broader context of image classification. To achieve this goal, we outline a hybrid machine learning algorithm for image classification that includes a physical part and a computational part. The physical part implements a physical pre-processing of the optical field that cannot be simulated without essentially reducing the signal-to-noise ratio. In detail, a spatial-mode demultiplexer is used to sort the transverse field, followed by mode-wise photon detection. In the computational part, the collected data are fed into an artificial neural network for training and classification. As a case study, we classify images from the MNIST dataset after severe blurring due to diffraction. Our numerical experiments demonstrate the ability to classify highly blurred images that would be otherwise indistinguishable by direct imaging without the physical pre-processing of the optical field.
description: v2: title changed + extended results. Accepted version
MOESM1 of Quantifying genomic connectedness and prediction accuracy from additive and non-additive gene actions
Creators: name: Momen, Mehdi
name: Morota, Gota
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Relationship between prediction accuracies (left panel) and connectedness measures (right panel) under an additive and dominance scenario based on the K-means clustering using the genomic relationship matrix. The magnitude of the relationship level was steadily increased from scenario 1 (S1) to scenario 6 (S6). $${\mathbf {G}}$$ G : additive genomic kernel relationship matrix. $${\mathbf {D}}$$ D : dominance genomic kernel relationship matrix. $$h^2_{AD}$$ h AD 2 : broad-sense heritability including additive and dominance variation. Figure S2. Relationship between prediction accuracies (left panel) and connectedness measures (right panel) under an additive and dominance scenario based on the K-means clustering using the multikernel genomic and dominance relationship matrix. The magnitude of the relationship level was steadily increased from scenario 1 (S1) to scenario 6 (S6). $${\mathbf {G}}$$ G : additive genomic kernel relationship matrix. $${\mathbf {D}}$$ D : dominance genomic kernel relationship matrix. $$h^2_{AD}$$ h AD 2 : broad-sense heritability including additive and dominance variation. Figure S3. Relationship between prediction accuracies (left panel) and connectedness measures (right panel) under an additive and dominance scenario based on forward validation. $${\mathbf {G}}$$ G : additive genomic kernel relationship matrix. $${\mathbf {D}}$$ D : dominance genomic kernel relationship matrix. $$h^2$$ h 2 : heritability.