cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Evidence of macroplastic ingestion in the lesser spotted dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula from the central Tyrrhenian Sea
Creators: name: REINERO, Francesca Romana
name: MICARELLI, Primo
name: GIGLIO, Gianni
name: SPERONE3, Emilio
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2024

description: Plastic pollution has dramatically increased worldwide and the ingestion of plastic litters by marine organisms represents a serious problem due to their potentially adverse effects. The lesser spotted dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula is one of the most abundant demersal and deep-water sharks in the Mediterranean Sea and despite it is widely distributed and it is an opportunistic predator, evidence of plastic ingestion in this species from the Mediterranean Sea is little documented. This short communication contributes to the known few available data on the ingestion of macroplastic in the lesser spotted dogfish from the Mediterranean Sea. Stomach contents of 75 S. canicula collected at 150 m deep in the central Tyrrhenian Sea during 2017 & 2018 were observed and two macroplastic pieces were extracted from two different samples and visually analyzed. This little evidence confirms again that both the lesser spotted dogfish in the Mediterranean Sea is exposed to plastic ingestion and the deep sea could be a natural sink for these plastic particles.
Defective valvulogenesis in HB-EGF and TACE-null mice is associated with aberrant BMP signaling
Creators: name: Jackson, Leslie F.
name: Patterson, Cam
name: Qiu, Ting Hu
name: Lee, David C.
name: Zhang, Chunlian
name: Sunnarborg, Susan W.
name: Chang, Aileen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (HB-EGF) and betacellulin (BTC) are activating ligands for EGF receptor (EGFR/ErbB1) and ErbB4. To identify their physiological functions, we disrupted mouse HB-EGF and BTC alleles by homologous recombination. Most HB-EGF–/– mice died before weaning, and survivors had enlarged, dysfunctional hearts and reduced lifespans. Although BTC–/– mice were viable and fertile and displayed no overt defects, the lifespan of double null HB-EGF–/–/BTC–/– mice was further reduced, apparently due to accelerated heart failure. HB-EGF–/– newborns had enlarged and malformed semilunar and atrioventricular heart valves, and hypoplastic, poorly differentiated lungs. Defective cardiac valvulogenesis was the result of abnormal mesenchymal cell proliferation during remodeling, and was associated with dramatic increases in activated Smad1/5/8. Consistent with the phenotype, HB-EGF transcripts were localized to endocardial cells lining the margins of wild-type valves. Similarly defective valvulogenesis was observed in newborn mice lacking EGFR and tumor necrosis factor-α converting enzyme (TACE). These results suggest that cardiac valvulogenesis is dependent on EGFR activation by TACE-derived soluble HB-EGF, and that EGFR signaling is required to regulate bone morphogenetic protein signaling in this context.
Classically optimized Hamiltonian simulation
Creators: name: Keever, Conor Mc
name: Lubasch, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hamiltonian simulation is a promising application for quantum computers to achieve a quantum advantage. We present classical algorithms based on tensor network methods to optimize quantum circuits for this task. We show that, compared to Trotter product formulas, the classically optimized circuits can be orders of magnitude more accurate and significantly extend the total simulation time.
description: 13 pages, 16 figures, 2 tables
Model simplification steps of Error and RT outcome variables, a description of RT results and a figure showing angular error against localisation error. from In the corner of the eye: camouflaging motion in the peripheral visual field.
Creators: name: Smart, Ioan E.
name: Cuthill, Innes C.
name: Scott-Samuel, Nicholas E.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: The supplementary material presents tables that show the model simplification steps of both the error and response time outcome variables starting with a full model (five fixed effects and all possible interactions). In addition to this, the supplementary material describes the analysis of the response time outcome variable and presents an accompanying figure. This figure shows the response time for participants trying to localise a moving object with different movement and patterning conditions, with 95% confidence intervals based on the fitted model (N = 18 participants). Finally, the supplementary material contains a figure showing angular error (relative to the target's trajectory) plotted against the log-transformed localisation error (distance from target) in pixels for participants trying to localise a moving object with different movement and patterning conditions (N = 18 participants).
Additional file 2 of Digital behaviour change interventions to promote physical activity in overweight and obese adolescents: a systematic review protocol
Creators: name: Kassim, Puteri Shanaz Jahn
name: Muhammad, Noor Azimah
name: Rahman, Nur Faraheen Abdul
name: Sidik, Sherina Mohd
name: Essau, Cecilia A.
name: Shah, Shamsul Azhar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Example search strategy for Medline (via PubMed).
NADPH oxidase AtrbohD and AtrbohF genes function in ROS-dependent ABA signaling in Arabidopsis
Creators: name: Mori, Izumi C.
name: Schroeder, Julian I.
name: Kwak, June M.
name: Bodde, Sara
name: Angel Torres, Miguel
name: Bloom, Rachel E.
name: Pei, Zhen Ming
name: Dangl, Jeffery L.
name: Leonhard, Nathalie
name: Jones, Jonathan D.G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been proposed to function as second messengers in abscisic acid (ABA) signaling in guard cells. However, the question whether ROS production is indeed required for ABA signal transduction in vivo has not yet been addressed, and the molecular mechanisms mediating ROS production during ABA signaling remain unknown. Here, we report identification of two partially redundant Arabidopsis guard cell-expressed NADPH oxidase catalytic subunit genes, AtrbohD and AtrbohF, in which gene disruption impairs ABA signaling. atrbohD/F double mutations impair ABA-induced stomatal closing, ABA promotion of ROS production, ABA-induced cytosolic Ca2+ increases and ABA- activation of plasma membrane Ca2+-permeable channels in guard cells. Exogenous H2O2 rescues both Ca2+ channel activation and stomatal closing in atrbohD/F. ABA inhibition of seed germination and root elongation are impaired in atrbohD/F, suggesting more general roles for ROS and NADPH oxidases in ABA signaling. These data provide direct molecular genetic and cell biological evidence that ROS are rate-limiting second messengers in ABA signaling, and that the AtrbohD and AtrbohF NADPH oxidases function in guard cell ABA signal transduction.
A smaller species releases proportionally larger juveniles in Apseudes (Crustacea: Peracarida: Tanaidacea)
Creators: name: KAKUI, Keiichi
name: HIRUTA, Chizue
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2024

description: We compared the body size (carapace width, CW) of the first free-living instar individuals, or mancae 2, and of the smallest ovigerous individuals, between two simultaneously hermaphroditic tanaidacean species, Apseudes nipponicus Shiino, 1937 and Apseudes sp. The former species is 2.2 times larger, with a CW of 2.61 mm in the smallest ovigerous individual, compared to 1.17 mm in the latter. Average CWs of manca 2 individuals were 0.51 mm (A. nipponicus, n = 3, 0.50-0.51 mm) and 0.38 mm (Apseudes sp.: n = 9, 0.38-0.39 mm), meaning that A. nipponicus mancae 2 were 20% as large as the smallest ovigerous individuals, whereas those of Apseudes sp. were 32% as large. The proportionally larger juveniles in the smaller species are consistent with the progenetic hypothesis that Apseudes sp. is achieving earlier maturation as females.
A Radiative Model for the Weak Scale and Neutrino Mass via Dark Matter
Creators: name: Ahriche, Amine
name: McDonald, Kristian L.
name: Nasri, Salah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a three-loop model of neutrino mass in which both the weak scale and neutrino mass arise as radiative effects. In this approach, the scales for electroweak symmetry breaking, dark matter, and the exotics responsible for neutrino mass, are related due to an underlying scale-invariance. This motivates the otherwise-independent O(TeV) exotic masses usually found in three-loop models of neutrino mass. We demonstrate the existence of viable parameter space and show that the model can be probed at colliders, precision experiments, and dark matter direct-detection experiments.
description: 24 pages, 7 figures; v2 Published version
NEW AND LITTLE KNOWN MARINE NEMATODES FROM A SCOTTISH SANDY BEACH
Creators: name: WARWICK, Richard M.
name: PLATT, Howard M.
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1973

description: Thirteen species of freeliving marine nematodes from the sandy beach at Firemore Bay, Wester-Ross, Scotland, are described. Amongst these we have proposed one new genus, Gairleanema, with the type species G. anagremilae gen. et sp. nov. Eleven others are new species referable to existing genera: Odontophora exharena sp. nov., Theristus (Daptonema) gelana sp. nov., Cobbia Caledonia sp. nov., Gonionchus inaequalis sp. nov., Xyala smo sp. nov., Siphonolaimus ewensis sp. nov., Metachromadora (Bradglaimus) scotlandica sp. nov., Microlaimus acinaces sp. nov., Dasynemella albaensis sp. nov., Rhabdodemania imer sp. nov., and Triliptium pari- setum sp. nov. One species (Trefusia zostericola Allgén, 1933) is redescribed, since it was hitherto poorly known.
Fast Nonlinear Vector Quantile Regression
Creators: name: Rosenberg, Aviv A.
name: Vedula, Sanketh
name: Romano, Yaniv
name: Bronstein, Alex M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Quantile regression (QR) is a powerful tool for estimating one or more conditional quantiles of a target variable $\mathrm{Y}$ given explanatory features $\boldsymbol{\mathrm{X}}$. A limitation of QR is that it is only defined for scalar target variables, due to the formulation of its objective function, and since the notion of quantiles has no standard definition for multivariate distributions. Recently, vector quantile regression (VQR) was proposed as an extension of QR for vector-valued target variables, thanks to a meaningful generalization of the notion of quantiles to multivariate distributions via optimal transport. Despite its elegance, VQR is arguably not applicable in practice due to several limitations: (i) it assumes a linear model for the quantiles of the target $\boldsymbol{\mathrm{Y}}$ given the features $\boldsymbol{\mathrm{X}}$; (ii) its exact formulation is intractable even for modestly-sized problems in terms of target dimensions, number of regressed quantile levels, or number of features, and its relaxed dual formulation may violate the monotonicity of the estimated quantiles; (iii) no fast or scalable solvers for VQR currently exist. In this work we fully address these limitations, namely: (i) We extend VQR to the non-linear case, showing substantial improvement over linear VQR; (ii) We propose {vector monotone rearrangement}, a method which ensures the quantile functions estimated by VQR are monotone functions; (iii) We provide fast, GPU-accelerated solvers for linear and nonlinear VQR which maintain a fixed memory footprint, and demonstrate that they scale to millions of samples and thousands of quantile levels; (iv) We release an optimized python package of our solvers as to widespread the use of VQR in real-world applications.
description: 35 pages, 15 figures, code: https://github.com/vistalab-technion/vqr
Radial distributions of sub-populations in the globular cluster M15: a more centrally concentrated primordial population
Creators: name: Larsen, Soeren S.
name: Baumgardt, Holger
name: Bastian, Nate
name: Brodie, Jean P.
name: Grundahl, Frank
name: Strader, Jay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the radial distributions of stellar populations in the globular cluster (GC) M15, using HST/WFC3 photometry of red giants in the nitrogen-sensitive F343N-F555W color. Surprisingly, we find that giants with "primordial" composition (i.e., N abundances similar to those in field stars) are the most centrally concentrated within the WFC3 field. We then combine our WFC3 data with SDSS u, g photometry and find that the trend reverses for radii >1' (3 pc) where the ratio of primordial to N-enhanced giants increases outwards, as already found by Lardo et al. The ratio of primordial to enriched stars thus has a U-shaped dependency on radius with a minimum near the half-light radius. N-body simulations show that mass segregation might produce a trend resembling the observed one, but only if the N-enhanced giants are ~0.25 Mo less massive than the primordial giants, which requires extreme He enhancement (Y~0.40). However, such a large difference in Y is incompatible with the negligible optical color differences between primordial and enriched giants which suggest Delta Y < 0.03 and thus a difference in turn-off mass of Delta M < 0.04 Mo between the different populations. The radial trends in M15 are thus unlikely to be of dynamical origin and presumably reflect initial conditions, a result that challenges all current GC formation scenarios. We note that population gradients in the central regions of GCs remain poorly investigated and may show a more diverse behavior than hitherto thought.
description: 16 pages, accepted for ApJ
INTERTIDAL MACROFAUNA OF SANDY SUBSTRATE IN THE ESTUARY OF EL-BARQUERO (LUGO, NORTHWESTERN SPAIN) - .2. STRUCTURE OF THE COMMUNITY - ZONATION
Creators: name: Maze, R. A.
name: Laborda, A. J.
name: Luis, E.
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1990

Abstract
Model simplification steps of Error and RT outcome variables, a description of RT results and a figure showing angular error against localisation error. from In the corner of the eye: camouflaging motion in the peripheral visual field
Creators: name: Smart, Ioan E.
name: Cuthill, Innes C.
name: Scott-Samuel, Nicholas E.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: The supplementary material presents tables that show the model simplification steps of both the error and response time outcome variables starting with a full model (five fixed effects and all possible interactions). In addition to this, the supplementary material describes the analysis of the response time outcome variable and presents an accompanying figure. This figure shows the response time for participants trying to localise a moving object with different movement and patterning conditions, with 95% confidence intervals based on the fitted model (N = 18 participants). Finally, the supplementary material contains a figure showing angular error (relative to the target's trajectory) plotted against the log-transformed localisation error (distance from target) in pixels for participants trying to localise a moving object with different movement and patterning conditions (N = 18 participants).
Sequential phases of cortical specification involve Neurogenin-dependent and -independent pathways
Creators: name: Armant, Olivier
name: Britz, Olivier
name: Dyck, Richard
name: Stenman, Jan M.
name: Seibt, Julie
name: Langevin, Lisa Marie
name: Nieto, Marta
name: Cunningham, James M.
name: Schuurmans, Carol
name: Klenin, Natalia
name: Guillemot, François
name: Campbell, Kenny
name: Brown, Craig
name: Walsh, Christopher
name: Tang, Hua
name: Polleux, Franck
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: Neocortical projection neurons, which segregate into six cortical layers according to their birthdate, have diverse morphologies, axonal projections and molecular profiles, yet they share a common cortical regional identity and glutamatergic neurotransmission phenotype. Here we demonstrate that distinct genetic programs operate at different stages of corticogenesis to specify the properties shared by all neocortical neurons. Ngn1 and Ngn2 are required to specify the cortical (regional), glutamatergic (neurotransmitter) and laminar (temporal) characters of early-born (lower-layer) neurons, while simultaneously repressing an alternative subcortical, GABAergic neuronal phenotype. Subsequently, later-born (upper-layer) cortical neurons are specified in an Ngn-independent manner, requiring instead the synergistic activities of Pax6 and Tlx, which also control a binary choice between cortical/glutamatergic and subcortical/GABAergic fates. Our study thus reveals an unanticipated heterogeneity in the genetic mechanisms specifying the identity of neocortical projection neurons.
Supplementary Methods from Overcoming the detectability costs of symmetrical coloration.
Creators: name: J. Benito Wainwright
name: Scott-Samuel, Nicholas E.
name: Cuthill, Innes C.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Supplementary information on the creation of the experimental stimuli, the design of the natural pattern analysis, and supplementary statistical analysis.
Additional file 1 of Aging exacerbates the brain inflammatory micro-environment contributing to α-synuclein pathology and functional deficits in a mouse model of DLB/PD
Creators: name: Iba, Michiyo
name: McDevitt, Ross A.
name: Kim, Changyoun
name: Roy, Roshni
name: Sarantopoulou, Dimitra
name: Tommer, Ella
name: Siegars, Byron
name: Sallin, Michelle
name: Kwon, Somin
name: Sen, Jyoti Misra
name: Sen, Ranjan
name: Masliah, Eliezer
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Representative maps of the distribution of p-ɑ-syn in young and aged mice with PBS or ɑ-syn pff injection. Fig. S2. Immunohistochemical analysis of p-ɑ-syn and T cells in the Substantia Nigra of young and aged mice injected with PBS or ɑ-syn pff. Fig. S3. Immunohistochemical analysis of proteinase K effects on ɑ-syn aggregates in young and aged mice injected with ɑ-syn pff. Fig. S4. Additional behavioral results in young and aged mice with PBS or ɑ-syn pff injection. Fig S5. Total neuronal cells analysis in young and aged mice with PBS or ɑ-syn pff injection. Fig S6. Dopaminergic fibers and neurons analysis in young and aged mice with PBS or ɑ-syn pff injection. Fig S7. CD4 antibody immunostaining in young and aged mice at with PBS or ɑ-syn pff injection. Fig S8. CD8 antibody immunostaining in young and aged mice with PBS or ɑ-syn pff injection. Fig. S9. Immunohistochemical analysis of microglial and astroglial cells in the Substantia Nigra of young and aged mice injected with PBS or ɑ-syn pff. Fig S10. Analysis of microglial cell branching in young and aged mice with PBS or ɑ-syn pff injection. Fig S11. GFAP antibody immunostaining in young and aged mice with PBS or ɑ-syn pff injection. Fig S12. Principal component (PC) analysis and feature selection of top 1000 PC1 genes. Fig S13. Pathway analysis with functions and diseases along with qRT-PCR validation of age-associated genes. Fig S14. Pathway and molecular characterization of genes associated with ɑ-syn pff treatment along with qPCR validation. Fig S15. Comparison of mRNA expression patterns following ɑ-syn monomer injection or pff injection in young mice. Fig S16. Immunohistochemical analysis of a subset of inflammatory markers identified by the transcriptional studies. Supplementary Table 1. Mouse numbers used in this experiment. Supplementary Table 2. Sequences of primers used for RT-PCR.
The integrin-binding protein Nischarin regulates cell migration by inhibiting PAK
Creators: name: Reddig, Peter J.
name: Alahari, Suresh K.
name: Juliano, Rudy L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: Nischarin, a novel intracellular protein, was originally identified as a binding partner for the α5β1 integrin. Here we show that Nischarin also interacts with members of the PAK family of kinases. The amino terminus of Nischarin preferentially binds to the carboxy-terminal domain of PAK1 when the kinase is in its activated conformation. Nischarin binding to PAK1 is enhanced by active Rac, with the three proteins forming a complex, while expression of the α5β1 integrin also increases the Nischarin/PAK1 association. Interaction with Nischarin strongly inhibits the ability of PAK1 to phosphorylate substrates. This effect on PAK kinase activity closely parallels Nischarin's ability to inhibit cell migration. Conversely, reduction of endogenous levels of Nischarin by RNA interference promotes cell migration. In addition, PAK1 and Nischarin colocalize in membrane ruffles, structures known to be involved in cell motility. Thus, Nischarin may regulate cell migration by forming inhibitory complexes with PAK family kinases.
Fantasizing Alternative Pastsin Chinese Online Fiction
Creators: name: Jin, Sujie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Online fiction, Chinese Studies, History

description: This project aims at exploring how online fiction reflects and affects the ethos of culture situated in the sociological context of changing cultural and natural environments. Since the 2000s, writing and reading online fiction has become a cultural phenomenon in the Sinosphere. The number of online fiction users increased from around 162 million in 2009 to over 461 million in 2021. In the meantime, a large number of websites have been established to publish stories and make profits. As the most influential female-oriented website, Jinjiang Literature City has 4.15 million fiction works and 1.78 million registered writers. It thus is one of the platforms for online observation. The main focus of this project is danmei jiakong history (DJH). The Chinese phrase danmei – also known as boys’ love in English – refers to women’s imagination of male homosexuality, and jiakong means fictive and fictitious. Mainly written by and for women, DJH fantasizes alternative history of China, which contributes to historical narratives that have been dominated by male authors. This project will provide a brief introduction on this genre and conceptualize the interaction between the DJH text and its social context. It will also show how DJH arouses historical nostalgia and offers its readers a strong sense of (imagined) participation in the making of the world.
Type IV pilus retraction in pathogenic Neisseria is regulated by the PilC proteins
Creators: name: Morelle, Sandrine
name: Wolfgang, Matthew
name: Beretti, Jean Luc
name: Morand, Philippe C.
name: Koome, Michael
name: Meyer, Thomas F.
name: Eugène, Emmanuel
name: Bille, Emmanuelle
name: Nassif, Xavier
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: Pathogenic Neisseria express type IV pili (tfp), which have been shown to play a central role in the interactions of bacteria with their environment. The regulation of piliation thus constitutes a central element in bacterial life cycle. The PilC proteins are outer membrane-associated proteins that have a key role in tfp biogenesis since PilC-null mutants appear defective for fibre expression. Moreover, tfp are also subjected to retraction, which is under the control of the PilT nucleotide-binding protein. In this work, we bring evidence that fibre retraction involves the translocation of pilin subunits to the cytoplasmic membrane. Furthermore, by engineering meningococcal strains that harbour inducible pilC genes, and with the use of meningococcus–cell interaction as a model for the sequential observation of fibre expression and retraction, we show that the PilC proteins regulate PilT-mediated fibre retraction.
A cell-autonomous requirement for the cell cycle regulatory protein, Rb, in neuronal migration
Creators: name: McIntosh, William C.
name: McClellan, Kelly A.
name: Slack, Ruth S.
name: Vanderluit, Jacqueline L.
name: Ferguson, Kerry L.
name: Polleux, Franck
name: Schuurmans, Carol
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: Precise cell cycle regulation is critical for nervous system development. To assess the role of the cell cycle regulator, retinoblastoma (Rb) protein, in forebrain development, we studied mice with telencephalon-specific Rb deletions. We examined the role of Rb in neuronal specification and migration of diverse neuronal populations. Although layer specification occurred at the appropriate time in Rb mutants, migration of early-born cortical neurons was perturbed. Consistent with defects in radial migration, neuronal cell death in Rb mutants specifically affected Cajal–Retzius neurons. In the ventral telencephalon, although calbindin- and Lhx6-expressing cortical neurons were generated at embryonic day 12.5, their tangential migration into the neocortex was dramatically and specifically reduced in the mutant marginal zone. Cell transplantation assays revealed that defects in tangential migration arose owing to a cell-autonomous loss of Rb in migrating interneurons and not because of a defective cortical environment. These results revealed a cell-autonomous role for Rb in regulating the tangential migration of cortical interneurons. Taken together, we reveal a novel requirement for the cell cycle protein, Rb, in the regulation of neuronal migration.
CYCLE BIOLOGIQUE ET INVERSION SEXUELLE DU CRUSTACÉ DÉCAPODE NATANTIA PROCESSA EDULIS
Creators: name: NOËL, Pierre
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1973

description: A biometrical study on populations of Processa edulis along the year at Roscoff shows this possible life cycle: individuals mate as male the first year, then, change one’s sex at the end of summer and breed as female next year before disappearing at the approximate age of two years old. A list of Natantians which has been reported as protandrous hermaphrodites is given.
Bcl-2 enhances Ca2+ signaling to support the intrinsic regenerative capacity of CNS axons
Creators: name: Feit-Leithman, Rachel Ann
name: Snider, William
name: Jiao, Jianwei
name: Dartt, Darlene Ann
name: Huang, Xizhong
name: Chen, Dong Feng
name: Neve, Rachael Lee
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: At a certain point in development, axons in the mammalian CNS undergo a profound loss of intrinsic growth capacity, which leads to poor regeneration after injury. Overexpression of Bcl-2 prevents this loss, but the molecular basis of this effect remains unclear. Here, we report that Bcl-2 supports axonal growth by enhancing intracellular Ca2+ signaling and activating cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) and extracellular-regulated kinase (Erk), which stimulate the regenerative response and neuritogenesis. Expression of Bcl-2 decreases endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ uptake and storage, and thereby leads to a larger intracellular Ca2+ response induced by Ca2+ influx or axotomy in Bcl-2-expressing neurons than in control neurons. Bcl-xL, an antiapoptotic member of the Bcl-2 family that does not affect ER Ca2+ uptake, supports neuronal survival but cannot activate CREB and Erk or promote axon regeneration. These results suggest a novel role for ER Ca2+ in the regulation of neuronal response to injury and define a dedicated signaling event through which Bcl-2 supports CNS regeneration.
A re-description of Periclimenaeus robustus Borradaile, the type species of the genus Periclimenaeus Borradaile, 1915 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Pontoniinae)
Creators: name: BRUCE, Alexander J.
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2005

description: The type material of the pontoniine shrimp Periclimenaeus robustus Borradaile, 1915, is re-examined and the
 specimens re-described and illustrated. This species is the type species of the genus Periclimenaeus Borradaile, 1915, the
 second most speciose pontoniine genus, and is known only from the type material, which is now found to consist of two
 Periclimenaeus species.
What-is and How-to for Fairness in Machine Learning: A Survey, Reflection, and Perspective
Creators: name: Tang, Zeyu
name: Zhang, Jiji
name: Zhang, Kun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Algorithmic fairness has attracted increasing attention in the machine learning community. Various definitions are proposed in the literature, but the differences and connections among them are not clearly addressed. In this paper, we review and reflect on various fairness notions previously proposed in machine learning literature, and make an attempt to draw connections to arguments in moral and political philosophy, especially theories of justice. We also consider fairness inquiries from a dynamic perspective, and further consider the long-term impact that is induced by current prediction and decision. In light of the differences in the characterized fairness, we present a flowchart that encompasses implicit assumptions and expected outcomes of different types of fairness inquiries on the data generating process, on the predicted outcome, and on the induced impact, respectively. This paper demonstrates the importance of matching the mission (which kind of fairness one would like to enforce) and the means (which spectrum of fairness analysis is of interest, what is the appropriate analyzing scheme) to fulfill the intended purpose.
The short-time and long-time behaviors of non-Markovianity measure using two-time correlation functions in open quantum systems
Creators: name: Ali, Md. Manirul
name: Lo, Ping-Yuan
name: Tu, Matisse Wei-Yuan
name: Zhang, Wei-Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate non-Markovianity measure using two-time correlation functions for open quantum systems. We define non-Markovianity measure as the difference between the exact two-time correlation function and the one obtained in the Markov limit. Such non-Markovianity measure can easily be measured in experiments. We found that the non-Markovianity dynamics in different time scale crucially depends on the system-environment coupling strength and other physical parameters such as the initial temperature of the environment and the initial state of the system. In particular, we obtain the short-time and long-time behaviors of non-Markovianity for different spectral densities. We also find that the thermal fluctuation always reduce the non-Markovian memory effect. Also, the non-Markovianity measure shows non-trivial initial state dependence in different time scales.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
Developmental specificity of auxin response by pairs of ARF and Aux/IAA transcriptional regulators
Creators: name: Jäger, Katja E.
name: Kientz, Marika
name: Reed, Jason W.
name: Hamann, Thorsten
name: Schlereth, Alexandra
name: Benkova, Eva
name: Weijers, Dolf
name: Jürgens, Gerd
name: Wilmoth, Jill C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: The plant hormone auxin elicits many specific context-dependent developmental responses. Auxin promotes degradation of Aux/IAA proteins that prevent transcription factors of the auxin response factor (ARF) family from regulating auxin-responsive target genes. Aux/IAAs and ARFs are represented by large gene families in Arabidopsis. Here we show that stabilization of BDL/IAA12 or its sister protein IAA13 prevents MP/ARF5-dependent embryonic root formation whereas stabilized SHY2/IAA3 interferes with seedling growth. Although both bdl and shy2-2 proteins inhibited MP/ARF5-dependent reporter gene activation, shy2-2 was much less efficient than bdl to interfere with embryonic root initiation when expressed from the BDL promoter. Similarly, MP was much more efficient than ARF16 in this process. When expressed from the SHY2 promoter, both shy2-2 and bdl inhibited cell elongation and auxin-induced gene expression in the seedling hypocotyl. By contrast, gravitropism and auxin-induced gene expression in the root, which were promoted by functionally redundant NPH4/ARF7 and ARF19 proteins, were inhibited by shy2-2, but not by bdl protein. Our results suggest that auxin signals are converted into specific responses by matching pairs of coexpressed ARF and Aux/IAA proteins.
Supplementary Methods from Overcoming the detectability costs of symmetrical coloration
Creators: name: J. Benito Wainwright
name: Scott-Samuel, Nicholas E.
name: Cuthill, Innes C.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Supplementary information on the creation of the experimental stimuli, the design of the natural pattern analysis, and supplementary statistical analysis.
How to Orient Oneself in Thinking in the Digital Era: A mixed-methods ethnography of researchers' navigational practices on Gallica
Creators: name: Dumas Primbault, Simon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: The birth and development of digital libraries—broadly understood as curated collections of electronic documents accessible online on dedicated platforms with tools for search and consultation—have radically transformed research activities. Consequently, traditional practices observed in physical places of knowledge such as libraries and archives—searching catalogues, browsing through shelving, taking notes—have been supplemented with a series of digital practices developed by researchers to browse websites and databases— searching by keywords, filtering results, navigating through links. The ambition of this project is to reclaim a spatial understanding of digital libraries through the investigation of navigation as a fundamental information practice for researchers. Taking Gallica as a case study, this research situated at the crossroads of ethnography, data science, and digital humanities strives to shed light on how researchers “orient themselves” within a digital corpus. Bridging the gap between the ethnography of the digital—the qualitative study of scholars’ practices through observations and interviews—and digital ethnography—the quantitative analysis of navigation traces—, it developed mixed methods combining interviews with topological analysis of navigation paths extracted from server logs. This exploratory study led to promising findings on researcher’s navigation within the Dewey classification, on the role of “pivotal literature”, and on a first sketch of a variety of “regimes of navigation” clustered based on their topological features. More importantly, this research illustrates a perfect case of heuristic dovetailing between a quantitative approach enhanced by digital tools, and a more traditional qualitative approach. Along the course of this ongoing project, emphasis has been put on a reflexive critique of the nature of the data processed, the implications of every step of the pipeline, as well as their link with actual practices observed and objectified by researchers themselves.
LIBÉRATION D'APPENDICES THORACIQUES AU COURS DE LEUR RÉGÉNÉRATION CHEZ LE CRABE CARCINUS MAENAS L. ET POURSUITE DE LEUR ÉVOLUTION
Creators: name: DEMEUSY, Noëlle
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1973

description: In the common crab, Carcinus maenas L., when several pereiopods simultaneously rebuild themselves, some of them will show abnormal processes in their regeneration: the “all or none” law is no more observed.
Such appendages appear, after the first molt, at various stages of their development. During the second intermolt phase, the processes go on, so as to rebuild a bud, more or less normal according to the degree of differentiation previously attained, from which a functional and morphologically normal appendage will comeout.
Generating and Exploring S-Box Multivariate Quadratic Equation Systems with SageMath
Creators: name: Leventi-Peetz, A. -M.
name: Peetz, J. -V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A new method to derive Multivariate Quadratic equation systems (MQ) for the input and output bit variables of a cryptographic S-box from its algebraic expressions with the aid of the computer mathematics software system SageMath is presented. We consolidate the deficiency of previously presented MQ metrics, supposed to quantify the resistance of S-boxes against algebraic attacks.
description: Ca. 16 pages, contains SageMath code listings; 2nd revised version [Groebner basis treatment added; code output cut]; 3rd version [URL in reference corrected]; 4th version [small corrections; DOI and journal reference added]
ER stress-regulated translation increases tolerance to extreme hypoxia and promotes tumor growth
Creators: name: Hu, Nianping
name: Naczki, Christine
name: Raleigh, James
name: Harding, Heather
name: Wouters, Bradly G.
name: Bi, Meixia
name: Varia, Mahesh
name: Koumenis, Constantinos
name: Bell, John
name: Koritzinsky, Marianne
name: Ron, David
name: Kaufman, Randal J.
name: Fels, Diane
name: Novoa, Isabelle
name: Blais, Jaime
name: Scheuner, Donalyn
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: Tumor cell adaptation to hypoxic stress is an important determinant of malignant progression. While much emphasis has been placed on the role of HIF-1 in this context, the role of additional mechanisms has not been adequately explored. Here we demonstrate that cells cultured under hypoxic/anoxic conditions and transformed cells in hypoxic areas of tumors activate a translational control program known as the integrated stress response (ISR), which adapts cells to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Inactivation of ISR signaling by mutations in the ER kinase PERK and the translation initiation factor eIF2α or by a dominant-negative PERK impairs cell survival under extreme hypoxia. Tumors derived from these mutant cell lines are smaller and exhibit higher levels of apoptosis in hypoxic areas compared to tumors with an intact ISR. Moreover, expression of the ISR targets ATF4 and CHOP was noted in hypoxic areas of human tumor biopsy samples. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that activation of the ISR is required for tumor cell adaptation to hypoxia, and suggest that this pathway is an attractive target for antitumor modalities.
Additional file 1 of Interest of phenomic prediction as an alternative to genomic prediction in grapevine
Creators: name: Brault, Charlotte
name: Lazerges, Juliette
name: Doligez, Agnès
name: Thomas, Miguel
name: Ecarnot, Martin
name: Roumet, Pierre
name: Bertrand, Yves
name: Berger, Gilles
name: Pons, Thierry
name: François, Pierre
name: Le Cunff, Loïc
name: This, Patrice
name: Segura, Vincent
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Heritability distribution across wavelengths for each pre-process. Figure S2. Co-inertia analysis between SNP and multi-year wood and leaves NIRS matrices. Figure S3. Co-inertia analysis between SNP, single and multi-year wood and leaves NIRS matrices. Figure S4. Distribution of phenomic prediction predictive ability per pre-process and per trait. Figure S5. Predictive ability of phenomic prediction with a single vs both tissues. Figure S6. Comparison of methods for genomic prediction. Figure S7. Distribution of phenomic prediction predictive ability over 15 traits in each half-diallel cross. Figure S8. Predictive ability of combined vs genomic prediction models.
Supplementary information from Characterizing reservoirs of infection and the maintenance of pathogens in ecosystems.
Creators: name: M. G. Roberts
name: J. A. P. Heesterbeek
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Matrix identities. Parameter values and results used to construct figures.
Does the schock wave in a highly ionized non-isothermal plasma really exist ?
Creators: name: Rukhadze, A. A.
name: Sadykova, S.
name: Samkharadze, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we study the structure of a highly ionizing shock wave in a gas of high atmospheric pressure. We take into account the gas ionization when the gas temperature reaches few orders of an ionization potential. It is shown that after gasdynamic temperature-raising shock and formation of a highly-ionized nonisothermal plasma $T_e>>T_i$ only the solitary ion-sound wave (soliton) can propagate in this plasma. In such a wave the charge separation occurs: electrons and ions form the double electric layer with the electric field. The shock wave form, its amplitude and front width are obtained.
description: PACS: 52.35.Dm; 52.35.Fp; 52.35.Mw; 52.35.Tc, 3 Pages
Fully on-chip photonic turnkey quantum source for entangled qubit/qudit state generation
Creators: name: Mahmudlu, Hatam
name: Johanning, Robert
name: Kashi, Anahita Khodadad
name: van Rees, Albert
name: Epping, Jörn P.
name: Haldar, Raktim
name: Boller, Klaus-J.
name: Kues, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Integrated photonics has recently become a leading platform for the realization and processing of optical entangled quantum states in compact, robust and scalable chip formats with applications in long-distance quantum-secured communication, quantum-accelerated information processing and non-classical metrology. However, the quantum light sources developed so far have relied on external bulky excitation lasers making them impractical, not reproducible prototype devices, hindering scalability and the transfer out of the lab into real-world applications. Here we demonstrate a fully integrated quantum light source, which overcomes these challenges through the combined integration of a laser cavity, a highly efficient tunable noise suppression filter ($> 55$ dB) exploiting the Vernier effect and a nonlinear microring for entangled photon pair generation through spontaneous four-wave mixing. The hybrid quantum source employs an electrically-pumped InP gain section and a Si$_3$N$_4$ low-loss microring filter system, and demonstrates high performance parameters, i.e., a pair emission over four resonant modes in the telecom band (bandwidth $\sim 1$ THz), and a remarkable pair detection rate of $\sim 620$ Hz at a high coincidence-to-accidental ratio of $\sim 80$. The source directly creates high-dimensional frequency-bin entangled quantum states (qubits/qudits), verified by quantum interference measurements with visibilities up to $96\%$ (violating Bell-inequality) and by density matrix reconstruction through state tomography showing fidelities of up to $99\%$. Our approach, leveraging a hybrid photonic platform, enables commercial-viable, low-cost, compact, light-weight, and field-deployable entangled quantum sources, quintessential for practical, out-of-lab applications, e.g., in quantum processors and quantum satellite communications systems.
TURIZMDA IQTISODIY SAMARADORLIKNI BAHOLASH
Creators: name: Djumaboyeva, Nodira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Mazkur maqolada turizmda iqtisodiy samaradorlikni baholash masalalari yoritilgan. Turizm sektori mamlakat iqtisodiyotiga katta ta’sir ko‘rsatadigan soha bo‘lib, uning iqtisodiy samaradorligi valyuta tushumlari, ish o‘rinlari yaratish, mahalliy biznesni rivojlantirish kabi omillar orqali o‘lchanadi. Maqolada turizm sohasining iqtisodiy ahamiyati va samaradorlikni baholash mezonlari, shuningdek, turizmni rivojlantirishning samaradorligini oshirish yo‘llari keltirilgan. Turizmni rivojlantirishda marketing, infratuzilma, va xizmatlar sifatini yaxshilash kabi strategiyalar muhim ahamiyatga ega. Umuman olganda, turizmda iqtisodiy samaradorlikni oshirish mamlakatning uzoq muddatli iqtisodiy barqarorligini ta’minlashga yordam beradi.
Information Geometry of Risks and Returns
Creators: name: Soklakov, Andrei N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We reveal a geometric structure underlying both hedging and investment products. The structure follows from a simple formula expressing investment risks in terms of returns. This informs optimal product designs. Optimal pure hedging (including cost-optimal products) and hybrid hedging (where a partial hedge is built into an optimal investment product) are considered. Duality between hedging and investment is demonstrated with applications to optimal risk recycling. A geometric interpretation of rationality is presented.
description: 25 pages, 2 figures
Positive and negative regulation of EAAT2 by NF-κB: a role for N-myc in TNFα-controlled repression
Creators: name: Baldwin, Albert S.
name: Sitcheran, Raquel
name: Gupta, Pankaj
name: Fisher, Paul B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: The glutamate transporter gene, EAAT2/GLT-1, is induced by epidermal growth factor (EGF) and downregulated by tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα). While TNFα is generally recognized as a positive regulator of NF-κB-dependent gene expression, its ability to control transcriptional repression is not well characterized. Additionally, the regulation of NF-κB by EGF is poorly understood. Herein, we demonstrate that both TNFα-mediated repression and EGF-mediated activation of EAAT2 expression require NF-κB. We show that EGF activates NF-κB independently of signaling to IκB. Furthermore, TNFα can abrogate IKKβ- and p65-mediated activation of EAAT2. Our results suggest that NF-κB can intrinsically activate EAAT2 and that TNFα mediates repression through a distinct pathway also requiring NF-κB. Consistently, we find that N-myc is recruited to the EAAT2 promoter with TNFα and that N-myc-binding sites are required for TNFα-mediated repression. Moreover, N-myc overexpression inhibits both basal and p65-induced activation of EAAT2. Our data highlight the remarkable specificity of NF-κB activity to regulate gene expression in response to diverse cellular signals and have implications for glutamate homeostasis and neurodegenerative disease.