Eumida macrophthalma Oliveira, Eibye-Jacobsen & Lana, 2015, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Oliveira, Verônica Maria De
name: Eibye-Jacobsen, Danny
name: Lana, Paulo Da Cunha
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Polychaeta
Phyllodocida
Phyllodocidae
Eumida
Eumida macrophthalma

description: Eumida macrophthalma sp. nov.
Figs 10–12
Holotype: Maciel River, COTS 1 3 (PROSUL Project-CNPq), Paranaguá Bay, Paraná State, S Brazil, 25°31'01.4"S 48°29'15.8"W, 14 m, 29 Jul 2008 (ZUEC –16075).
Paratypes. A total of 21 paratypes, length ranging from 2 to 37 mm and number of segments ranging from 18 to 92. Paranaguá Bay, Brazil: Maciel River, COTS 2 6 (PROSUL), 25°31'56.6"S 48°27'50.8"W, 10 m, 29 Jul. 2008 (1 paratype, ZUEC –16073); Maciel River, COTS 1 3 (PROSUL), 25°31'01.4"S 48°29'15.8"W, 14 m, 29 Jul. 2008 (1 paratype, ZUEC –16074); Maciel, Cotinga Channel, COTS 2 4 (PROSUL), 25°31'49.9"S 48°28'07.0"W, 10 m, Sept. 2009 (1 paratype, ZUEC –16076); Cotinga Channel, COTS 2 4 (PROSUL), 25°31'49.9"S 48°28'07.0"W, 10 m, Sept. 2009 (1 paratype, ZUEC –16077); Saco do Limoeiro, Mel Island, Paraná State, Brazil, 25°33’37.8”S 48°18’03.0”W, 28 Oct. 2010 (2 paratypes, ZUEC –16079). Continental shelf, Campos Basin, Brazil: Hab11 E02 R3, 22º6'55.6"S 40º38'58.3"W, 53 m, sand, 26 Feb. 2009 (ZUEC –16080); Hab13 H05 R1, 21º42'37.4"S 40º8'59.8"W, 147 m, 9 Mar. 2009 (1 paratype, ZUEC –16082); Hab11 C05 R2, 22º57'29.1"S 40º50'30.5"W, 143 m, 21 Feb. 2009 (2 paratypes, ZUEC –16083); Hab1 Arrasto 55, 20 Apr. 2010 (1 paratype, ZUEC –16084); Hab13 Foz9 R3, 22º11'32.1"S 40º55'24.1"W, 44 m, 13 Mar. 2009 (1 paratype, ZUEC –16085); Hab16 B05 R3, 23º12'8.5"S 40º59'35.6"W, 142 m, 2 Jul. 2009 (1 paratype, ZUEC –16086); São Vicente, 16 May 2003 (2 paratypes, ZUEC – 16087); Hab17 Foz24 R1, 21º50'21.0"S 40º31'37.3"W, 28 m, 23 Jul 2009 (1 paratype, ZUEC –16088); Hab11 E2 R3, 22º1'45.7"S 40º38'58.3"W, 53 m, 26 Feb. 2009 (1 paratype, ZUEC –18089); Hab 13 Foz29 R01, 21°24'43.6"S, 40°25'18.6"W, 33 m, 3 Jul. 2009, (4 paratypes, ZMUC-POL-2365).
Diagnosis. Whitish pigmentation present dorsally on segments 2 and 3 (first two dorsally visible segments) and cirrophores of dorsal tentacular cirri of segments 2 and 3. Dorsal cirri on anterior segments rounded, on median and posterior segments asymmetrically cordiform, longer than wide.
Description. Holotype an incomplete female, with 43 segments, 7 mm long, 0.4 mm wide at median part of body including parapodia and excluding chaetae. Body long, dorso-ventrally flattened and tapered at posterior end. Prostomium cordiform, with rounded anterior edges and clearly longer than wide, with rounded outline (Fig. 10 A– B). Paired frontal, cylindrical antennae and palps of similar size. Antennae and palps half as long as prostomium. Median antenna at anterior margin of eyes, as long as prostomium (Fig. 10 A–B). One pair of large black eyes at posterior margin of prostomium. Undivided proboscis, with 6 longitudinal rows of tubercles, each tubercle with one micropapilla. Terminal ring of proboscis with oval papillae. First segment not visible dorsally. Four pairs of cylindrical tentacular cirri, biarticulate, arranged on first three segments. Tentacular cirri of first segment reaching segment 5. Dorsal and ventral tentacular cirri of segment 2 reaching segments 10 and 6, respectively. Dorsal tentacular cirri of segment 3 extend to segment 10. Neuropodia from second segment. Normal dorsal cirri symmetrical, with well-developed cirrophores without dorsal expansion, from segment 4. Dorsal cirri of anterior segments symmetrical and rounded, on median and posterior segments cordiform, asymmetrical, and longer than wide. Prechaetal lobes bilobate, symmetrical, and rounded. Postchaetal lobes rounded. Normal ventral cirri horizontally oriented in relation to lobes, from segment 3, on anterior segments asymmetrical and rounded, on median and posterior segments elongate cordiform (Fig. 11 A–C). Compound spinigerous chaetae from segment 2. Rostrum of chaetal shaft surrounded by denticles, article with serrated outer edge (Fig. 12 A). Pygidium with one pair of cylindrical, long cirri, reaching sixth posterior segment; pygidial papilla absent (Fig. 12 B).
Coloration. Individuals with iridescent whitish pigmentation dorsally on segments 2 and 3 (the first two dorsally visible segments) and the cirrophores of the dorsal tentacular cirri of segments 2 and 3; other parts of the body are olive green (Fig. 10 A).
Habitat. In subtidal unconsolidated estuarine and shelf bottoms, down to 142 m.
Geographical distribution. Southwestern Atlantic Ocean, Brazil: Paranaguá Bay and margin of the continental shelf in Campos Basin.
Etymology. The species name is derived from the Latin words macro (large) and ophthalmus (eye).
Remarks. Eumida macrophthalma sp. nov. differs from E. dracodermica sp. nov. and E. delicata sp. nov. in the shape of the prostomium, which is more rounded, and in the size of the eyes, which are proportionally larger. The three species also differ in the extension of the dorsal whitish pigmentation on the anterior segments: in all three this pigmentation is present on segment 2 (the first dorsally visibile segment); in E. macrophthalma sp. nov. it is also present on segment 3 and the dorsal tentacular cirrophores; in E. dracodermica sp. nov. it is also present on the posterior edge of the prostomium, the anterior edge of segment 3 and the dorsal tentacular cirrophores; in E. delicata sp. nov. it is also present on the dorsal tentacular cirrophores of segment 2, but not those of segment 3. E. macrophthalma sp. nov. and E. sanguinea differ in the position of the median antenna and the shape of the dorsal cirrus. In E. macrophthalma sp. nov. the median antenna is located on the region anterior to the eyes, whereas in E. sanguinea it is located between the eyes (which are proportionally smaller). Eumida macrophthalma resembles E.
fuscoculata Eibye-Jacobsen, 1991, known from Queensland, Western Australia and Tasmania, in having cordiform dorsal cirri on posterior segments, but differs from it in having rounded dorsal cirri on anterior segments (cordiform in E. fuscoculata). It also resembles Eumida caspersi Hartmann-Schröder, 1965, known from Hilo, Hawaii, in the the shape of the prostomium, size of the eyes, and shape of dorsal cirri on median segments but differs from it in having cordiform and asymmetrical dorsal cirri on posterior segments (lanceolate and symmetrical in E. caspersi).
description: Published as part of Oliveira, Verônica Maria De, Eibye-Jacobsen, Danny & Lana, Paulo Da Cunha, 2015, Description of three new species of Eumida Malmgren, 1865 (Phyllodocidae, Annelida) from Southern and Southeastern Brazil, pp. 425-440 in Zootaxa 3957 (4) on pages 433-436, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3957.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/239714