cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Large Mediterranean islands and their new emerging role towards a Mediterranean Cohesion: Digital nomadism and new citizenship

title: Τα μεγάλα νησιά της Μεσογείου και ο νέος αναδυνάμενος ρόλος τους για μια Μεσογειακή συνοχή: Ψηφιακός Νομαδισμός και νέα ιθαγένεια
Creators: name: Πετρουλακης Ιωαννης
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2022

description: The Mediterranean is a dimensional existence that expresses polymorphy where its ambiguous borders represent a complexity that in a way defines the identity of Europe. It is fundamental to investigate the syncretism of the Mediterranean both on a theoretical and administrative basis. In order to envision a possible future of the Great Sea it is essential to explore historical and philosophical views from a variety of scholars as well as go through European, National, and Regional planning policies of the Union using a multiscale top down and bottom up approach to bridge those findings. The main focus is on the insular territories of Europe and specifically the six largest islands of the Mediterranean. Post economic crisis period and the current Covid-19 pandemic has brought more than ever the world to experience what it is to live in an insular context. The paper aims to investigate and define possible zones of development on those large six islands both on regional and local scale based on the perspective of an emerging new citizen, the digital nomad.  This recent worldwide phenomenon of nomadism is explored and questioned if it can work as a catalyst against certain challenges those insular territories face as well as to be seen contributing towards the repopulation of the countryside in general. Pilot projects and case studies as well as statistics, maps and sense of place notional representations are used as territorial spatial analysis tools in order to envision a potential, maybe utopic, Archipelagic Federation of the Mediterranean; a leasing urbanism space inhabited by the digital nomad, as the new Odysseus.
On the impact of spatial heterogeneity and drift rate in a three-patch two-species Lotka-Volterra competition model over a stream
Creators: name: Chen, Shanshan
name: Liu, Jie
name: Wu, Yixiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 92D25, 92D40, 34C12, 34D23, 37C65

description: In this paper, we study a three-patch two-species Lotka-Volterra competition patch model over a stream network. The individuals are subject to both random and directed movements, and the two species are assumed to be identical except for the movement rates. The environment is heterogeneous, and the carrying capacity is lager in upstream locations. We treat one species as a resident species and investigate whether the other species can invade or not. Our results show that the spatial heterogeneity of environment and the magnitude of the drift rates have a large impact on the competition outcomes of the stream species.
Improving operational land surface model canopy evapotranspiration in Africa using a direct remote sensing approach
Creators: name: Marshall, M.
name: Tu, K.
name: Funk, C.
name: Michaelsen, Joel
name: Williams, A. Park
name: Williams, C.
name: Ardö, J.
name: Boucher, M.
name: Cappelaere, B.
name: De Grandcourt, A.
name: Nickless, A.
name: Nouvellon, Y.
name: Scholes, R.
name: Kutsch, W.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Evapotranspiration--Mathematical models
Climatic changes
Hydrology

description: Climate change is expected to have the greatest impact on the world's economically poor. In the Sahel, a climatically sensitive region where rain-fed agriculture is the primary livelihood, expected decreases in water supply will increase food insecurity. Studies on climate change and the intensification of the water cycle in sub-Saharan Africa are few. This is due in part to poor calibration of modeled evapotranspiration (ET), a key input in continental-scale hydrologic models. In this study, a remote sensing model of transpiration (the primary component of ET), driven by a time series of vegetation indices, was used to substitute transpiration from the Global Land Data Assimilation System realization of the National Centers for Environmental Prediction, Oregon State University, Air Force, and Hydrology Research Laboratory at National Weather Service Land Surface Model (GNOAH) to improve total ET model estimates for monitoring purposes in sub-Saharan Africa. The performance of the hybrid model was compared against GNOAH ET and the remote sensing method using eight eddy flux towers representing major biomes of sub-Saharan Africa. The greatest improvements in model performance were at humid sites with dense vegetation, while performance at semi-arid sites was poor, but better than the models before hybridization. The reduction in errors using the hybrid model can be attributed to the integration of a simple canopy scheme that depends primarily on low bias surface climate reanalysis data and is driven primarily by a time series of vegetation indices.
An Enhanced Time Space Priority Scheme to Manage QoS for Multimedia Flows transmitted to an end user in HSDPA Network
Creators: name: Hanini, Mohamed
name: Bouchti, Abdelali El
name: Haqiq, Abdelkrim
name: Berqia, Amine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: When different type of packets with different needs of Quality of Service (QoS) requirements share the same network resources, it became important to use queue management and scheduling schemes in order to maintain perceived quality at the end users at an acceptable level. Many schemes have been studied in the literature, these schemes use time priority (to maintain QoS for Real Time (RT) packets) and/or space priority (to maintain QoS for Non Real Time (NRT) packets). In this paper, we study and show the drawback of a combined time and space priority (TSP) scheme used to manage QoS for RT and NRT packets intended for an end user in High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) cell, and we propose an enhanced scheme (Enhanced Basic-TSP scheme) to improve QoS relatively to the RT packets, and to exploit efficiently the network resources. A mathematical model for the EB-TSP scheme is done, and numerical results show the positive impact of this scheme.
description: 5 pages
Istoglossa puella Rondani 1856
Creators: name: Sforzi, Alessandra
name: Sommaggio, Daniele
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tachinidae
Istoglossa
Istoglossa puella

description: Istoglossa puella Rondani, 1856
ORIGINAL DESCRIPTION: 1856: 77.
TYPE LOCALITY: Rondani gave no type locality in his original description but later (1861e: 104) added “ in collibus et planitie agri parmensis [Parmese hills and plains (Italy)]”.
TYPE MATERIAL: 1 ♀, syntype (missing fore- and right hind-legs) (MZUF: Box 16): Istoglossa Rndn. / puella Rndn. / 845.
CURRENT STATUS: valid species, as Clausicella puella (Herting & Dely-Draskovits 1993: 345, Pape et al. 1995: 27, Cerretti 2010: 401, O’Hara et al. 2020: 683).
REMARKS: Rondani’s (1856: 77) key for the genus Istoglossa Rondani, 1856 lists Istoglossa puella as its type species, but he did not provide a detailed description, type locality, number or sex of the specimens. In his redescription, Rondani (1861e: 104) specified having had more than one female: “ Foeminas tantum inveni … mas ignotus [I found only some females … the male is unknown]”. We found just one female syntype in this study.
description: Published as part of Sforzi, Alessandra & Sommaggio, Daniele, 2021, Catalog of the Diptera types described by Camillo Rondani, pp. 1-438 in Zootaxa 4989 (1) on page 325, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4989.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4980621
Searching for Low-Mass Axions using Resonant Upconversion
Creators: name: Thomson, Catriona A.
name: Goryachev, Maxim
name: McAllister, Ben T.
name: Ivanov, Eugene N.
name: Altin, Paul
name: Tobar, Michael E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new results of a room temperature resonant AC haloscope, which searches for axions via photon upconversion. Traditional haloscopes require a strong applied DC magnetic background field surrounding the haloscope cavity resonator, the resonant frequency of which is limited by available bore dimensions. UPLOAD, the UPconversion Low-Noise Oscillator Axion Detection experiment, replaces this DC magnet with a second microwave background resonance within the detector cavity, which upconverts energy from the axion field into the readout mode, accessing axions around the beat frequency of the modes. Furthermore, unlike the DC case, the experiment is sensitive to a newly proposed quantum electromagnetodynamical axion coupling term $g_{aBB}$. Two experimental approaches are outlined - one using frequency metrology, and the other using power detection of a thermal readout mode. The results of the power detection experiment are presented, which allows exclusion of axions of masses between 1.12 $-$ 1.20 $μeV$ above a coupling strength of both $g_{aγγ}$ and $g_{aBB}$ at $3 \times 10^{-6}$ 1/GeV, after a measurement period of 30 days, which is a three order of magnitude improvement over our previous result.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures
Lecanipa patellifera Rondani 1859
Creators: name: Sforzi, Alessandra
name: Sommaggio, Daniele
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tachinidae
Lecanipa
Lecanipa patellifera

description: Lecanipa patellifera Rondani, 1859
ORIGINAL DESCRIPTION: 1859b: 156 (key), 158 (description).
TYPE LOCALITY: “ in planitie et collibus agri parmensis [Parmese plains and hills (Italy)]”.
TYPE MATERIAL: 2 ♂♂, syntypes (one missing right hind-leg), 1 ♀, syntype (missing left mid-leg) (MZUF: Box 12): Lecanipa Rnd. / patellifera Rnd. / 584; 1 ♀, syntype (missing right fore- and mid-legs) (MZUF: Box D): Lecanipa R. patellifera R., 238, ♀, Parma / 393 238; 1 ♂, syntype (missing left hind-, right fore-, mid- and hind-legs) (MSNC: Box DIPTERA Ex collezione Rondani - I): Lecanipa R. patellifera R. 60 ♂ Parma / Coll. Rondani, scatola n° 1, posiz. F-1 / Museo di Storia Naturale Università di Pisa, Calci (PI) ex collezione Rondani; 1 ♀, syntype (MSNPV: Box 96): Lecanipa R. patellifera R., 117, ♀.
CURRENT STATUS: junior synonym of Lecanipa leucomelas (Meigen, 1824) (Herting & Dely-Draskovits 1993: 158, O’Hara et al. 2020: 236).
REMARKS: Rondani (1859b: 158) described both sexes of Lecanipa patellifera without specifying the exact number of specimens and not giving a range of lengths, but had more than one specimen because he wrote: “ non rara praesertim mensibus Majo et Junio [not rare above all in May and July]”. We found six syntypes in this study.
description: Published as part of Sforzi, Alessandra & Sommaggio, Daniele, 2021, Catalog of the Diptera types described by Camillo Rondani, pp. 1-438 in Zootaxa 4989 (1) on pages 325-326, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4989.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4980621
Slowly rotating Tolman VII solution
Creators: name: Posada, Camilo
name: Stuchlík, Zdeněk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a model of a slowly rotating Tolman VII (T-VII) fluid sphere, at second order in the angular velocity. The structure of this configuration is obtained by integrating the Hartle-Thorne equations for slowly rotating relativistic masses. We model a sequence in adiabatic and quasi-stationary contraction, by varying the tenuity parameter $R/R_{\mathrm{S}}$, where $R$ is the radius of the configuration and $R_{\mathrm{S}}$ is its Schwarzschild radius. We determined the moment of inertia $I$, mass quadrupole moment $Q$, and the ellipticity $\varepsilon$, for various configurations. Similar to previous results for Maclaurin and polytropic spheroids, in slow rotation, we found a change in the behaviour of the ellipticity when the tenuity reaches a certain critical value. We compared our results of $I$ and $Q$ for the T-VII model with those predicted by the universal fittings proposed for realistic neutron stars. For the relevant range of compactness, we found that relative errors are within $10\%$, thus suggesting the T-VII solution as a very good approximation for the description of the interior of neutron stars.
description: 22 pages, 11 figures. Revised version, analysis and discussion extended and improved, minor clarifications and references added. Matches the version accepted in CQG
On distance graphs in rational spaces
Creators: name: Sokolov, Artemy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For any positive definite rational quadratic form $q$ of $n$ variables let $G(\mathbb{Q}^n, q)$ denote the graph with vertices $\mathbb{Q}^n$ and $x, y \in \mathbb{Q}^n$ connected iff $q(x - y) = 1$. This notion generalises standard Euclidean distance graphs. In this article we study these graphs and show how to find the exact value of clique number of the $G(\mathbb{Q}^n, q)$. We also prove rational analogue of the Beckman--Quarles theorem that any unit-preserving mapping of $\mathbb{Q}^n$ is an isometry.
Frohe Gefühle treuer Unterthanen oder Beschreibung des feierlichen Einzugs bei Gelegenheit einer Durchreise unseres theuersten Landesherrn Seiner Königl. Majestät Maximilian Joseph, Königs von Baiern [et]c. [et]c. in Homburg, gefeiert am 26ten Juni 1816; [1816]
Creators: name: Sauerbrey, Ph. A.
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2013

description: In Fraktur
Empirical and process-based approaches to climate-induced forest mortality models
Creators: name: Adams, Henry D.
name: Williams, A. Park
name: Xu, Chonggang
name: Rauscher, Sara A.
name: Jiang, Xiaoyan
name: McDowell, Nate G.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Botany
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Globally, forests store ~45% of carbon sequestered terrestrially, contribute more to the terrestrial sink per area than any other land cover type, and assimilate an important portion of anthropogenic emissions. Forests exert strong biophysical control on climate via surface energy balance, and the hydrological cycle. Widespread forest mortality in response to drought, increased temperatures, and infestation of tree pests has been observed globally, potentially threatening forests' regulation of climate. This threat has prompted great interest in understanding and predicting tree mortality due to climate variability and change, especially drought. Initial tests of hydraulic failure (mortality caused by irreversible loss of xylem conductivity from air embolism), carbon starvation (mortality due to carbohydrate limitation), insect attacks, wildfire, and their interdependence, suggest proximal causes of mortality are likely complex, co-occurring, interrelated, and variable with tree species. While the interdependent roles of carbon and water in plant mortality are consistently observed, this work is continuously prompting new questions.
On the Relaxation Behaviors of Slow and Classical Glitches: Observational Biases and Their Opposite Recovery Trends
Creators: name: Xie, Yi
name: Zhang, Shuang-Nan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the pulsar timing properties and the data analysis methods during glitch recoveries. In some cases one first fits the time-of-arrivals (TOAs) to obtain the "time-averaged" frequency $ν$ and its first derivative $\dotν$, and then fits models to them. However, our simulations show that $ν$ and $\dotν$ obtained this way are systematically biased, unless the time intervals between the nearby data points of TOAs are smaller than about $10^4$ s, which is much shorter than typical observation intervals. Alternatively, glitch parameters can be obtained by fitting the phases directly with relatively smaller biases; but the initial recovery timescale is usually chosen by eyes, which may introduce a strong bias. We also construct a phenomenological model by assuming a pulsar's spin-down law of $\dotνν^{-3} =-H_0 G(t)$ with $G(t)=1+κe^{-t/τ}$ for a glitch recovery, where $H_0$ is a constant and $κ$ and $τ$ are the glitch parameters to be found. This model can reproduce the observed data of slow glitches from B1822--09 and a giant classical glitch of B2334+61, with $κ<0$ or $κ>0$, respectively. We then use this model to simulate TOA data and test several fitting procedures for a glitch recovery. The best procedure is: 1) use a very high order polynomial (e.g. to 50th order) to precisely describe the phase; 2) then obtain $ν(t)$ and $\dotν(t)$ from the polynomial; and 3) the glitch parameters are obtained from $ν(t)$ or $\dotν(t)$. Finally, the uncertainty in the starting time $t_0$ of a classical glitch causes uncertainties to some glitch parameters, but less so to a slow glitch and $t_0$ of which can be determined from data.
description: 36 pages, 11 figures, 6 tables. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Preserving Privacy in Surgical Video Analysis Using Artificial Intelligence: A Deep Learning Classifier to Identify Out-of-Body Scenes in Endoscopic Videos
Creators: name: Lavanchy, Joël L.
name: Vardazaryan, Armine
name: Mascagni, Pietro
name: Consortium, AI4SafeChole
name: Mutter, Didier
name: Padoy, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Objective: To develop and validate a deep learning model for the identification of out-of-body images in endoscopic videos. Background: Surgical video analysis facilitates education and research. However, video recordings of endoscopic surgeries can contain privacy-sensitive information, especially if out-of-body scenes are recorded. Therefore, identification of out-of-body scenes in endoscopic videos is of major importance to preserve the privacy of patients and operating room staff. Methods: A deep learning model was trained and evaluated on an internal dataset of 12 different types of laparoscopic and robotic surgeries. External validation was performed on two independent multicentric test datasets of laparoscopic gastric bypass and cholecystectomy surgeries. All images extracted from the video datasets were annotated as inside or out-of-body. Model performance was evaluated compared to human ground truth annotations measuring the receiver operating characteristic area under the curve (ROC AUC). Results: The internal dataset consisting of 356,267 images from 48 videos and the two multicentric test datasets consisting of 54,385 and 58,349 images from 10 and 20 videos, respectively, were annotated. Compared to ground truth annotations, the model identified out-of-body images with 99.97% ROC AUC on the internal test dataset. Mean $\pm$ standard deviation ROC AUC on the multicentric gastric bypass dataset was 99.94$\pm$0.07% and 99.71$\pm$0.40% on the multicentric cholecystectomy dataset, respectively. Conclusion: The proposed deep learning model can reliably identify out-of-body images in endoscopic videos. The trained model is publicly shared. This facilitates privacy preservation in surgical video analysis.
description: Jo\"el L. Lavanchy and Armine Vardazaryan contributed equally and share first co-authorship
Lomachantha parra Rondani 1859
Creators: name: Sforzi, Alessandra
name: Sommaggio, Daniele
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tachinidae
Lomachantha
Lomachantha parra

description: Lomachantha parra Rondani, 1859
ORIGINAL DESCRIPTION: 1859b: 151.
TYPE LOCALITY: “ in ditione parmensi [Parmese territory (Italy)]”.
TYPE MATERIAL: 2 ♂♂, syntypes (one missing left mid- and hind-legs) (MZUF: Box 12): Lomacantha [sic!] Rnd. / parra Rnd. / 582; 1 ♀, syntype (covered with mold, missing mid-legs) (MZUF: Box 12): Lomacantha [sic!] Rnd. / parra Rnd. / 583; 1 ♂, syntype (MZUF: Box D): Lomacantha [sic!] R. parra R., 236, ♂, Parma / 393 236; 1 ♂, syntype (MSNC: Box DIPTERA Ex collezione Rondani - I): Lomachantha parra R. 53 ♂ Apenn. [= Apennines] / Coll. Rondani, scatola n° 1, posiz. E-7 / Museo di Storia Naturale Università di Pisa, Calci (PI) ex collezione Rondani.
CURRENT STATUS: valid species (Herting & Dely-Draskovits 1993: 164, Pape et al. 1995: 18, Cerretti 2010: 146, O’Hara et al. 2020: 245).
REMARKS: Rondani (1859b: 151) described both sexes of Lomachantha parra without specifying the exact number of specimens and not giving a range of lengths. The males and one female in the MZUF have different identification numbers. We found five syntypes in this study.
description: Published as part of Sforzi, Alessandra & Sommaggio, Daniele, 2021, Catalog of the Diptera types described by Camillo Rondani, pp. 1-438 in Zootaxa 4989 (1) on page 326, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4989.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4980621
Quantum gradient evaluation through quantum non-demolition measurements
Creators: name: Solinas, Paolo
name: Caletti, Simone
name: Minuto, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a Quantum Non-Demolition Measurement (QNDM) protocol to estimate the derivatives of a cost function with a quantum computer. %This is a key step for the implementation of variational quantum circuits. The cost function, which is supposed to be classically hard to evaluate, is associated with the average value of a quantum operator. Then a quantum computer is used to efficiently extract information about the function and its derivative by evolving the system with a so-called variational quantum circuit. To this aim, we propose to use a quantum detector that allows us to directly estimate the derivatives of an observable, i.e., the derivative of the cost function. With respect to the standard direct measurement approach, this leads to a reduction of the number of circuit iterations needed to run the variational quantum circuits. The advantage increases if we want to estimate the higher-order derivatives. We also show that the presented approach can lead to a further advantage in terms of the number of total logical gates needed to run the variational quantum circuits. These results make the QNDM a valuable alternative to implementing the variational quantum circuits.
BibTeX files comprising records Jan 2020-Dec2021
Creators: name: IPB/Anses
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Zip contains: 2020-2021Dec_WithoutDups_Food.BibTeX: de-duplicated records of literature search pertaining food terms, carried out in December 2021 2020-2021Dec_WithoutDups_Water.BibTeX: de-duplicated records of literature search pertaining only water terms, carried out in February 2022 2020-2021Dec_Clean.BibTeX: eligible records ready for insertion on PIF database 2020-2021Dec_Clean_Final.BibTeX: final records whose data were inserted on PIF database, covering publications between Jan 2020 and Dec 2021
Hydrothermal alteration at the Panorama Formation, North Pole Dome, Pilbara Craton, Western Australia
Creators: name: Brown, Adrian J.
name: Cudahy, Thomas J.
name: Walter, Malcolm R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An airborne hyperspectral remote sensing dataset was obtained of the North Pole Dome region of the Pilbara Craton in October 2002. It has been analyzed for indications of hydrothermal minerals. Here we report on the identification and mapping of hydrothermal minerals in the 3.459 Ga Panorama Formation and surrounding strata. The spatial distribution of a pattern of subvertical pyrophyllite rich veins connected to a pyrophyllite rich palaeohorizontal layer is interpreted to represent the base of an acid-sulfate epithermal system that is unconformably overlain by the stromatolitic 3.42 Ga Strelley Pool Chert.
description: 29 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables
Contributions to Pion Decay from Lorentz Violation in the Weak Sector
Creators: name: Altschul, Brett
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lorentz violation in the weak sector would affect the beta-decay lifetimes of pions. The decay amplitude may be rendered anisotropic, but only an isotropic violation of boost invariance can affect the net lifetime in the center of mass frame. However, since the rest frames of the pions that produce the NuMI neutrino beam at Fermilab vary with the rotation of the Earth, it is possible to constrain anisotropic Lorentz violation using prior analyses of sidereal variations in the event rate at the MINOS near detector. The resulting bounds on weak-sector Lorentz violation are at the 10^(-4) level, a substantial improvement over previous results. The highly relativistic character of the pions involved is responsible for the improvement.
description: 16 pages
Real-Valued Observables and Quantum Uncertainty
Creators: name: Gudder, Stanley
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We first present a generalization of the Robertson-Heisenberg uncertainty principle. This generalization applies to mixed states and contains a covariance term. For faithful states, we characterize when the uncertainty inequality is an equality. We next present an uncertainty principle version for real-valued observables. Sharp versions and conjugates of real-valued observables are considered. The theory is illustrated with examples of dichotomic observables. We close with a discussion of real-valued coarse graining.
description: 19 pages
QCD phase diagram: overview of recent lattice results
Creators: name: Endrodi, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two parameters that have a strong influence on the finite temperature QCD transition, and play an important role in various physical scenarios are the quark density and the external magnetic field. The effect of these parameters on the thermal properties of QCD is discussed, and an overview of the latest lattice results is given.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures, references added. Talk presented at the FAIRNESS 2013 workshop, September 15-21 2013, Berlin, Germany
ALMA-IMF. V. Prestellar and protostellar core populations in the W43 cloud complex
Creators: name: Nony, T.
name: Galvan-Madrid, R.
name: Motte, F.
name: Pouteau, Y.
name: Cunningham, N.
name: Louvet, F.
name: Stutz, A. M.
name: Lefloch, B.
name: Bontemps, S.
name: Brouillet, N.
name: Ginsburg, A.
name: Joncour, I.
name: Herpin, F.
name: Sanhueza, P.
name: Csengeri, T.
name: Towner, A. P. M.
name: Bonfand, M.
name: Fernández-López, M.
name: Baug, T.
name: Bronfman, L.
name: Busquet, G.
name: Di Francesco, J.
name: Gusdorf, A.
name: Lu, X.
name: Olguin, F.
name: Valeille-Manet, M.
name: Whitworth, A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin of the stellar initial mass function (IMF) and its relation with the core mass function (CMF) are actively debated issues with important implications in astrophysics. Recent observations in the W43 molecular complex of top-heavy CMFs, with an excess of high-mass cores compared to the canonical mass distribution, raise questions about our understanding of the star formation processes and their evolution in space and time. We aim to compare populations of protostellar and prestellar cores in three regions imaged in the ALMA-IMF Large Program. We created an homogeneous core catalogue in W43, combining a new core extraction in W43-MM1 with the catalogue of W43-MM2&MM3 presented in a previous work. Our detailed search for protostellar outflows enabled us to identify between 23 and 30 protostellar cores out of 127 cores in W43-MM1 and between 42 and 51 protostellar cores out of 205 cores in W43-MM2&MM3. Cores with neither outflows nor hot core emission are classified as prestellar candidates. We found a similar fraction of cores which are protostellar in the two regions, about 35%. This fraction strongly varies in mass, from 15-20% at low mass, between 0.8 and 3$M_{\odot} $ up to about 80% above 16$M_{\odot}$. Protostellar cores are found to be, on average, more massive and smaller in size than prestellar cores. Our analysis also revealed that the high-mass slope of the prestellar CMF in W43, $α=-1.46_{-0.19}^{+0.12}$, is consistent with the Salpeter slope, and thus the top-heavy form measured for the global CMF, $α=-0.96$, is due to the protostellar core population. Our results could be explained by clump-fed models in which cores grow in mass, especially during the protostellar phase, through inflow from their environment. The difference between the slopes of the prestellar and protostellar CMFs moreover implies that high-mass cores grow more in mass than low-mass cores.
description: 28 pages, 18 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A. Title and appendices updated
Macquartia celebs Rondani 1859
Creators: name: Sforzi, Alessandra
name: Sommaggio, Daniele
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tachinidae
Macquartia
Macquartia celebs

description: Macquartia celebs Rondani, 1859
ORIGINAL DESCRIPTION: 1859b: 85 (key), 87 (description).
TYPE LOCALITY: “ in agro parmensi … in colle sub-apennino [Parmese territory … a sub-Apennine hill (Italy)]”.
TYPE MATERIAL: 3 ♂♂ (only one of them is a syntype but is not labeled as such) (one missing left wing, left fore- and both mid-legs; one missing left mid- and hind-legs; one missing right mid-leg) (MZUF: Box 11) with the following labels: Macquartia Desv. / celebs Rnd. / 538; 3 ♀♀, syntypes (one missing right mid-leg; one missing right mid- and both hind-legs) (MZUF: Box 11): Macquartia Desv. / celebs Rnd. / 538; 1 ♀, syntype (missing both mid-legs) (MSNC: Box DIPTERA Ex collezione Rondani - I): Macquartia celebs R. 22 ♀ Parma / Coll. Rondani, scatola n° 1, posiz. B-15 / Museo di Storia Naturale Università di Pisa, Calci (PI) ex collezione Rondani; 1 ♀, syntype (MSNPV: Box 96): Macquartia celebs Rnd., 74, ♀, Parma.
CURRENT STATUS: junior synonym of Macquartia praefica (Meigen, 1824) (Herting & Dely-Draskovits 1993: 314, O’Hara et al. 2020: 703).
REMARKS: Rondani (1859b: 87) described Macquartia celebs from a few females and one male: “ Foeminae speciei a me lectae non sat raro … et marem unicum [Females of the species collected not rarely …, and one single male]”. The MZUF type series consists of three males and three females without any label indicating their type status. We are unable to single out the male upon which Rondani based his description. We leave the recognition of this syntype to a future specialist. An additional MZUF female numbered “538” from “ Sicilia ” [= Sicily] is not included in the type series because it is not from the type locality.
description: Published as part of Sforzi, Alessandra & Sommaggio, Daniele, 2021, Catalog of the Diptera types described by Camillo Rondani, pp. 1-438 in Zootaxa 4989 (1) on page 327, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4989.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4980621
Protoplanetary disks meet artificial neural networks: revisiting the viscous disk model and updated disk masses
Creators: name: Ribas, Alvaro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: We model the SEDs of 23 protoplanetary disks in the Taurus-Auriga star-forming region using detailed disk models and a Bayesian approach. This is made possible by combining these models with artificial neural networks to drastically speed up their performance. Such a setup allows us to confront $\alpha$-disk models with observations while accounting for several uncertainties and degeneracies. Our results yield high viscosities for many sources, which is not consistent with recent measurements of low turbulence levels in disks. This inconsistency could imply that viscosity is not the main mechanism for angular momentum transport in disks, and that alternatives such as disk winds play an important role in this process. We also find that our SED-derived disk masses are systematically higher (median difference of a factor of $\sim$3 higher) than those obtained solely from (sub)mm fluxes, suggesting that part of the disk emission could still be optically thick at (sub)mm wavelengths. This effect is particularly relevant for disk population studies and alleviates observational tensions between the masses of protoplanetary disks and exoplanetary systems.
Multifrequency microwave imaging of weak transients from the quiet solar corona
Creators: name: Mondal, Surajit
name: Chen, Bin
name: Yu, Sijie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the dynamics of the quiet solar corona is important for answering key questions including the coronal heating problem. Multiple studies have suggested small-scale magnetic reconnection events may play a crucial role. These reconnection events are expected to involve acceleration of electrons to suprathermal energies, which can then produce nonthermal observational signatures. However, due to the paucity of sensitive high-fidelity observations capable of probing these nonthermal signatures, most studies were unable to quantify their nonthermal nature. Here we use joint radio observations from the Very Large Array (VLA) and the Expanded Owens Valley Solar Array (EOVSA) to detect transient emissions from the quiet solar corona in the microwave (GHz) domain. While similar transients have been reported in the past, their nonthermal nature could not be adequately quantified due to the unavailability of broadband observations. Using a much larger bandwidth available now with the VLA and EOVSA, in this study, we are able to quantify the nonthermal energy associated with two of these transients. We find that the total nonthermal energy associated with some of these transients can be comparable to or even larger than the total thermal energy of a nanoflare, which underpins the importance of nonthermal energy in the total coronal energy budget.
description: Accepted for publication in the ApJ
Giuseppe Bianchini (1888-1973): the father of Italian forensic mycology
Creators: name: Orsini, Davide
name: Di Piazza, Simone
name: Zotti, Mirca
name: Martini, Mariano
Publisher: name: Italian Journal of Mycology
Year: 2022

description: Giuseppe Bianchini trained within the Sienese School of Forensic Medicine and immediately distinguished himself for his innovative approach to the discipline, making very important use of biochemistry, haematology, histopathology, and physiology. During his long career as a scholar and professor of forensic medicine, an important part of his research was the study of the ‘biology of the corpse’, for which he was inspired by the presence of fungi on cadaveric material. Indeed, Bianchini considered the study of fungi, which was completely ignored at the time, to be of particular interest both in terms of the chemistry of the corpse and in determining the chronology of death. He was the first in Italy to attempt to identify and describe a mycological biota in the different states of decomposition of the corpse.
description: Italian Journal of Mycology, V. 51 (2022)
Global Warming and 21st Century Drying
Creators: name: Cook, Benjamin I.
name: Smerdon, Jason E.
name: Seager, Richard
name: Coats, Sloan John
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Drought forecasting
Climatic changes
Atmosphere

description: Global warming is expected to increase the frequency and intensity of droughts in the twenty-first century, but the relative contributions from changes in moisture supply (precipitation) versus evaporative demand (potential evapotranspiration; PET) have not been comprehensively assessed. Using output from a suite of general circulation model (GCM) simulations from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, projected twenty-first century drying and wetting trends are investigated using two offline indices of surface moisture balance: the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) and the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI). PDSI and SPEI projections using precipitation and Penman-Monteith based PET changes from the GCMs generally agree, showing robust cross-model drying in western North America, Central America, the Mediterranean, southern Africa, and the Amazon and robust wetting occurring in the Northern Hemisphere high latitudes and east Africa (PDSI only). The SPEI is more sensitive to PET changes than the PDSI, especially in arid regions such as the Sahara and Middle East. Regional drying and wetting patterns largely mirror the spatially heterogeneous response of precipitation in the models, although drying in the PDSI and SPEI calculations extends beyond the regions of reduced precipitation. This expansion of drying areas is attributed to globally widespread increases in PET, caused by increases in surface net radiation and the vapor pressure deficit. Increased PET not only intensifies drying in areas where precipitation is already reduced, it also drives areas into drought that would otherwise experience little drying or even wetting from precipitation trends alone. This PET amplification effect is largest in the Northern Hemisphere mid-latitudes, and is especially pronounced in western North America, Europe, and southeast China. Compared to PDSI projections using precipitation changes only, the projections incorporating both precipitation and PET changes increase the percentage of global land area projected to experience at least moderate drying (PDSI standard deviation of ≤−1) by the end of the twenty-first century from 12 to 30 %. PET induced moderate drying is even more severe in the SPEI projections (SPEI standard deviation of ≤−1; 11 to 44 %), although this is likely less meaningful because much of the PET induced drying in the SPEI occurs in the aforementioned arid regions. Integrated accounting of both the supply and demand sides of the surface moisture balance is therefore critical for characterizing the full range of projected drought risks tied to increasing greenhouse gases and associated warming of the climate system.
Nucleation of austenite in mechanically stabilized martensite by localized heating
Creators: name: Ball, John M.
name: Koumatos, Konstantinos
name: Seiner, Hanus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 49K10, 49S05, 74B20, 74N15

description: The nucleation of bcc austenite in a single crystal of a mechanically stabilized 2H-martensite of Cu-Al-Ni shape-memory alloy is studied. The nucleation process is induced by localized heating and observed by optical microscopy. It is observed that nucleation occurs after a time delay and that the nucleation points are always located at one of the corners of the sample (a rectangular bar in the austenite), regardless of where the localized heating is applied. Using a simplified nonlinear elasticity model, we propose an explanation for the location of the nucleation points, by showing that the martensite is a local minimizer of the energy with respect to localized variations in the interior, on faces and edges of the sample, but not at some corners, where a localized microstructure can lower the energy.
description: Proceedings, ICOMAT 2011, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, in press
Polarimetry of Hydrogen-Poor Superluminous Supernovae
Creators: name: Pursiainen, M.
name: Leloudas, G.
name: Cikota, A.
name: Bulla, M.
name: Inserra, C.
name: Patat, F.
name: Wheeler, J. C.
name: Aamer, A.
name: Gal-Yam, A.
name: Maund, J.
name: Nicholl, M.
name: Schulze, S.
name: Sollerman, J.
name: Yang, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present linear polarimetry for seven hydrogen-poor superluminous supernovae (SLSNe-I). For SN 2017gci, for which we present two epochs of spectropolarimetry at +3 d and +29 d post-peak in rest frame, accompanied by four epochs of imaging polarimetry up to +108 d. The spectropolarimetry at +3 d shows increasing polarisation degree P towards the redder wavelengths and exhibits signs of axial symmetry, but at +29 d P=0 throughout the spectrum implying that the photosphere of SN 2017gci evolved from a slightly aspherical configuration to a more spherical one in the first month post-peak. However, an increase of P to 0.5% at +55 d accompanied by a different orientation of the axial symmetry compared to +3 d implies the presence of additional sources of polarisation at this phase. The increase in polarisation is possibly caused by interaction with circumstellar matter as already suggested by a knee in the light curve and a possible detection of broad Ha emission. We also analysed the sample of all 16 SLSNe-I with polarimetry to date. The data taken during the early spectroscopic phase show consistently low P indicating spherical photospheres. No clear relation between the polarimetry and spectral phase was seen when the spectra resemble Type Ic SNe during the photospheric and nebular phases. The light curve decline rate also shows no clear relation with the polarisation properties. While only slow-evolving SLSNe-I have shown non-zero P, the fast-evolving ones have not been observed at sufficiently late times to conclude that none of them exhibit changing P. However, the four SLSNe-I with increasing polarisation degree also have irregular light curve declines. For up to half of them, the photometric, spectroscopic and polarimetric properties are affected by CSM interaction. As such CSM interaction clearly plays an important role in understanding the polarimetric evolution of SLSNe-I.
description: Accepted to A&A on 18/03/2023
Macquartia clausicella Rondani 1865
Creators: name: Sforzi, Alessandra
name: Sommaggio, Daniele
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tachinidae
Macquartia
Macquartia clausicella

description: Macquartia clausicella Rondani, 1865
ORIGINAL DESCRIPTION: 1865c: 205.
TYPE LOCALITY: “ in Pedemontio [Piedmont (Italy)]”.
TYPE MATERIAL: 1 ♂, syntype (MZUF: Box 11): Macquartia Desv. / clausicella Rnd., Alpi / 544.
CURRENT STATUS: junior synonym of Macquartia tenebricosa (Meigen, 1824) (Herting & Dely-Draskovits 1993: 315).
REMARKS: Rondani (1865c: 205) described Macquartia clausicella from just the male sex, without specifying either the number or the length of the specimens, collected by G. Mussino. Herting (1969: 190) reported a single male in the MZUF. We also found one syntype in this study.
description: Published as part of Sforzi, Alessandra & Sommaggio, Daniele, 2021, Catalog of the Diptera types described by Camillo Rondani, pp. 1-438 in Zootaxa 4989 (1) on page 327, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4989.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4980621
Many topological regions on the Bloch sphere of the spin-1/2 double kicked top
Creators: name: Mumford, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Floquet topological systems have been shown to exhibit features not commonly found in conventional topological systems such as topological phases characterized by arbitrarily large winding numbers. This is clearly highlighted in the quantum double kicked rotor coupled to spin-1/2 degrees of freedom [Phys. Rev. A 97, 063603 (2018)] where large winding numbers are achieved by tuning the kick strengths. Here, we extend the results to the spin-1/2 quantum double kicked top and find not only does the system exhibit topological regions with large winding numbers, but a large number of them are needed to fully characterize the topology of the Bloch sphere of the top for general kick strengths. Due to the geometry of the Bloch sphere it is partitioned into regions with different topology and the boundaries separating them are home to 0 and $π$ quasienergy bound states. We characterize the regions by comparing local versions of the mean field, quantum and mean chiral displacement winding numbers. We also use a probe state to locate the boundaries by observing localization as the state evolves when it has a large initial overlap with bound states. Finally, we briefly discuss the connections between the spin-1/2 quantum double kicked top and multi-step quantum walks, putting the system in the context of some current experiments in the exploration of topological phases.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Dynamic Interactions between Oscillating Cantilevers: Nanomechanical Modulation using Surface Forces
Creators: name: Basarir, O.
name: Ekinci, K. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamic interactions between two oscillating micromechanical cantilevers are studied. In the experiment, the tip of a high-frequency cantilever is positioned near the surface of a second low-frequency cantilever. Due to the highly nonlinear interaction forces between the two surfaces, thermal oscillations of the low-frequency cantilever modulate the driven oscillations of the high-frequency cantilever. The dissipations and the frequencies of the two cantilevers are shown to be coupled, and a simple model for the interactions is presented. The interactions studied here may be useful for the design of future micro and nanoelectromechanical systems for mechanical signal processing; they may also help realize coupled mechanical modes for experiments in non-linear dynamics.