cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Hypertrophic Olivary Degeneration and Holmes' Tremor Secondary to Bleeding of Cavernous Malformation in the Midbrain
Creators: name: Menendez, Djalma F. S.
name: Cury, Rubens Gisbert
name: Barbosa, Egberto Reis
name: Teixeira, Manoel Jacobsen
name: Fonoff, Erich Talamoni
Publisher: name: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Year: 2014

description: Background: Hypertrophic olivary degeneration (HOD) is a rare phenomenon, probably related to transsynaptic degeneration of the inferior olivary nucleus. It usually occurs as a response to primary injury of dento‐rubro‐olivary pathways. Case report: A young man developed Holmes' tremor 7 months after a cavernous malformation bleed in the midbrain. Typical findings of HOD were observed in the magnetic resonance images: bilateral and asymmetric hypertrophy of the olivary nucleus with slight hypersignal in T2‐weighted images. Because of the striking disability related to drug‐resistant tremor, the patient underwent stereotactic thalamotomy (nucleus ventralis intermedius of the thalamus/zona incerta) with pronounced functional improvement over time. Discussion: Disruption of circuits in the Guillain–Mollaret triangle classically results in palatal myoclonus, however midbrain (Holmes') tremor can also occur, as we now describe.
description: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements, Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Comment on "Scheme of the arrangement for attack on the protocol BB84"
Creators: name: Hance, Jonte R.
name: Rarity, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent paper (Scheme of the arrangement for attack on the protocol BB84, Optik 127(18):7083-7087, Sept 2016), a protocol was proposed for using weak measurement to attack BB84. This claimed the four basis states typically used could be perfectly discriminated, and so an interceptor could obtain all information carried. We show this attack fails when considered using standard quantum mechanics, as expected - such ``single-shot" quantum state discrimination is impossible, even using weak measurement.
description: 3 pages, 1 figure, accepted for publication by Optik
Softening of Spin-Wave Stiffness near the Ferromagnetic Phase Transition in Diluted Magnetic Semiconductors
Creators: name: Sun, Shih-Jye
name: Lin, Hsiu-Hau
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Employing the self-consistent Green's function approach, we studied the temperature dependence of the spin-wave stiffness in diluted magnetic semiconductors. Note that the Green's function approach includes the spatial and temperature fluctuations simultaneously which was not possible within conventional Weiss mean-field theory. It is rather interesting that we found the stiffness becomes dramatically softened as the critical temperature is approached, which seems to explain the mysterious sharp drop of magnetization curves in samples within diffusive regime.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Another Case of “Shopping Bag” Tremor: A Difficult to Classify Action Tremor
Creators: name: Robakis, Daphne
name: Louis, Elan Daniel
Publisher: name: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Year: 2014

description: This letter was written in response to: Zesiewicz T, Vu T, Carranza MA, et al. Unusual wrist tremor: unilateral isometric tremor? Tremor Other Hyperkinet Mov. 2014; 4: http://tremorjournal.org/article/view/194
description: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements, Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Temporal Course of the Tourette Syndrome Clinical Triad
Creators: name: Shprecher, David R.
name: Rubenstein, Lindsay A.
name: Gannon, Keenan
name: Frank, Samuel A.
name: Kurlan, Roger
Publisher: name: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Year: 2014

description: Background: Tourette syndrome (TS) is a disorder characterized by childhood onset of motor and phonic tics, often with improvement of tic symptoms by young adult years. The temporal course of tics and commonly comorbid behavioral symptoms is still not well characterized. Methods: In order to clarify the time course of tics and comorbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) in TS, we administered a brief survey regarding the course of symptoms at a single point in time to 53 TS patients aged 13–31 years. Results: Mean age (±SD) at symptom onset was 7.9 (±3.6) years for tics, 7.9 (±3.5) for ADHD, and 9.2 (±5.0) for OCD. Age at peak symptom severity was 12.3 (±4.6) years for tics, 10.8 (±3.8) for ADHD, and 12.6 (±5.5) for OCD. Tics, ADHD, and OCD were reported to be no longer present in 32.0%, 22.8%, and 21.0% of subjects, respectively. Decline in symptom severity began at age 14.7 (±3.7) years for tics, 13.9 (±2.9) for ADHD, and 15.1 (±5.0) for OCD. Remission of symptoms occurred at age 17.4 (±3.8) years for tics, 17.4 (±1.3) for ADHD, and 15.6 (±2.3) for OCD. Discussion: Our data confirm and expand previously reported TS spectrum symptom milestones and may guide design of future research aimed at improving the course of TS.
description: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements, Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Search for Intermittent X-ray Pulsations from Neutron Stars in Low Mass X-ray Binaries
Creators: name: Bahar, Yunus Emre
name: Chakraborty, Manoneeta
name: Gogus, Ersin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of our extensive binary orbital motion corrected pulsation search for 13 low mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs). These selected sources exhibit burst oscillations in X-rays with frequencies ranging from 45 to 1122 Hz, and have a binary orbital period varying from 2.1 to 18.9 hours. We first determined episodes that contain weak pulsations around the burst oscillation frequency by searching all archival Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) data of these sources. Then, we applied Doppler corrections to these pulsation episodes to discard the smearing effect of the binary orbital motion and searched for recovered pulsations at the second stage. Here we report 75 pulsation episodes that contain weak but coherent pulsations around the burst oscillation frequency. Furthermore, we report eight new episodes that show relatively strong pulsations in the binary orbital motion corrected data.
description: Accepted for publication in PASA
Modelling the post-Newtonian test-mass gravitational wave flux function for compact binary systems using Chebyshev polynomials
Creators: name: Porter, Edward K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a new method for modelling the gravitational wave flux function of a test-mass particle inspiralling into an intermediate mass Schwarzschild black hole which is based on Chebyshev polynomials of the first kind. It is believed that these Intermediate Mass Ratio Inspiral events (IMRI) are expected to be seen in both the ground and space based detectors. Starting with the post-Newtonian expansion from Black Hole Perturbation Theory, we introduce a new Chebyshev approximation to the flux function, which due to a process called Chebyshev economization gives a model with faster convergence than either post-Newtonian or Padé based methods. As well as having excellent convergence properties, these polynomials are also very closely related to the elusive minimax polynomial. We find that at the last stable orbit, the error between the Chebyshev approximation and a numerically calculated flux is reduced, $< 1.8%$, at all orders of approximation. We also find that the templates constructed using the Chebyshev approximation give better fitting factors, in general $> 0.99$, and smaller errors, $< 1/10%$, in the estimation of the Chirp mass when compared to a fiducial exact waveform, constructed using the numerical flux and the exact expression for the orbital energy function, again at all orders of approximation. We also show that in the intermediate test-mass case, the new Chebyshev template is superior to both PN and Padé approximant templates, especially at lower orders of approximation.
description: 9 Pages, Accepted for publication, Proceedings of GWDAW 10, Special edition of Classical and Quantum Gravity
Investigating the Nature of Variable Class I and Flat Spectrum Protostars Using 2-4$μ$m Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Beck, Tracy L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study I present new K and L$'$-band infrared photometry and 2-4$μ$m spectra of ten Class I and flat spectrum stars forming within the Taurus dark cloud complex. Nine sources have H$_2$ {\it v}=0-1 S(1) emission, and some show multiple H$_2$ emission features in their K-band spectra. Photospheric absorptions characteristic to low mass stars are detected in five of the targets, and these stars were fit with models to determine spectral type, infrared accretion excess veiling (r$_K$ and r$_{L'}$) and dust temperatures, estimates of visual extinction and characteristics of the 3$μ$m water-ice absorption. On average, the models found high extinction values, infrared accretion excess emission with blackbody temperatures in the 900-1050K range, and 3$μ$m absorption profiles best fit by water frozen onto cold grains rather than thermally processed ice. Five techniques were used to estimate the extinction toward the stellar photospheres; most gave vastly different results. Analysis of emission line ratios suggests that the effect of infrared scattered light toward some protostars should not be neglected. For stars that exhibited Br$γ$ in emission, accretion luminosities were estimated using relations between L$_{acc}$ and Br$γ$ luminosity. The young stars in this sample were preferentially chosen as variables, but they do not have the accretion dominated luminosities necessary to put them in their main stage of mass-building. The characteristics of the 2-4$μ$m spectra are placed in the context of existing multi-wavelength data, and five of the stars are more consistent with reddened Class IIs or stars in transition between Class I and II, rather than protostars embedded within massive remnant envelopes.
description: Full resolution version available at: http://www.ess.sunysb.edu/tracy/tbeck_mar07_AJ.pdf. Accepted for Publication in the Astronomical Journal (March 2007)
Hypocupremia: A Possible Association with Late Cortical Cerebellar Atrophy
Creators: name: Mittal, Shivam Om
name: Machado, Duarte G.
Publisher: name: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Year: 2014

description: Background: We report a patient, diagnosed with late cortical cerebellar atrophy, who had persistent low serum copper levels. Case report: A 48-year-old male developed progressive difficulty with balance, frequent falls, and dysarthric speech, which worsened over a short time span. He had an extensive ataxia work-up, which was unremarkable except for persistent low serum copper levels despite adequate supplementation. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed marked cerebellar atrophy. The patient experienced progressive worsening of symptoms, which did not improve with either oral or parenteral copper supplementation. Discussion: To our knowledge, ours is the first case report of late cortical cerebellar atrophy in the setting of low serum copper levels. The current report should trigger further research in mechanisms leading to copper deficiency and its possible role in cerebellar disease.
description: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements, Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Current Gaps in the Understanding of the Subcellular Distribution of Exogenous and Endogenous Protein TorsinA
Creators: name: Harata, N. Charles
Publisher: name: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Year: 2014

description: Background: An in‐frame deletion leading to the loss of a single glutamic acid residue in the protein torsinA (ΔE‐torsinA) results in an inherited movement disorder, DYT1 dystonia. This autosomal dominant disease affects the function of the brain without causing neurodegeneration, by a mechanism that remains unknown. Methods: We evaluated the literature regarding the subcellular localization of torsinA. Results: Efforts to elucidate the pathophysiological basis of DYT1 dystonia have relied partly on examining the subcellular distribution of the wild‐type and mutated proteins. A typical approach is to introduce the human torsinA gene (TOR1A) into host cells and overexpress the protein therein. In both neurons and non‐neuronal cells, exogenous wild‐type torsinA introduced in this manner has been found to localize mainly to the endoplasmic reticulum, whereas exogenous ΔE‐torsinA is predominantly in the nuclear envelope or cytoplasmic inclusions. Although these outcomes are relatively consistent, findings for the localization of endogenous torsinA have been variable, leaving its physiological distribution a matter of debate. Discussion: As patients’ cells do not overexpress torsinA proteins, it is important to understand why the reported distributions of the endogenous proteins are inconsistent. We propose that careful optimization of experimental methods will be critical in addressing the causes of the differences among the distributions of endogenous (non‐overexpressed) vs. exogenously introduced (overexpressed) proteins.
description: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements, Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Poincaré Series, 3d Gravity and Averages of Rational CFT
Creators: name: Meruliya, Viraj
name: Mukhi, Sunil
name: Singh, Palash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the Poincaré approach to computing 3d gravity partition functions dual to Rational CFT. For a single genus-1 boundary, we show that for certain infinite sets of levels, the SU(2)$_k$ WZW models provide unitary examples for which the Poincare series is a positive linear combination of two modular-invariant partition functions. This supports the interpretation that the bulk gravity theory (a topological Chern-Simons theory in this case) is dual to an average of distinct CFT's sharing the same Kac-Moody algebra. We compute the weights of this average for all seed primaries and all relevant values of k. We then study other WZW models, notably SU($N$)$_1$ and SU(3)$_k$, and find that each class presents rather different features. Finally we consider multiple genus-1 boundaries, where we find a class of seed functions for the Poincaré sum that reproduces both disconnected and connected contributions -- the latter corresponding to analogues of 3-manifold "wormholes" -- such that the expected average is correctly reproduced.
description: 52 pages, 8 tables, no chairs
Lie group structures on groups of smooth and holomorphic maps on non-compact manifolds
Creators: name: Neeb, Karl-Hermann
name: Wagemann, Friedrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22E65, 22E67, 22E15, 22E30

description: We study Lie group structures on groups of the form C^\infty(M,K)}, where M is a non-compact smooth manifold and K is a, possibly infinite-dimensional, Lie group. First we prove that there is at most one Lie group structure with Lie algebra C^\infty(M,k) for which the evaluation map is smooth. We then prove the existence of such a structure if the universal cover of K is diffeomorphic to a locally convex space and if the image of the left logarithmic derivative in Ω^1(M,k) is a smooth submanifold, the latter being the case in particular if M is one-dimensional. We also obtain analogs of these results for the group O(M,K) of holomorphic maps on a complex manifold with values in a complex Lie group. We show that there exists a natural Lie group structure on O(M,K) if K is Banach and M is a non-compact complex curve with finitely generated fundamental group.
description: 39 pages
Scalar mesons and polarizability of the nucleon
Creators: name: Schumacher, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the scalar mesons $σ$, $f_0(980)$ and $a_0(980)$ as $t$-channel exchanges quantitatively solve the problem of diamagnetism and give an explanation of the large missing part of the electric polarizability $α$ showing up when only the pion cloud is taken into account. The electric polarizability of the proton $α_p$ confirms a two-photon width of the $σ$ meson of $Γ_{σγγ}=(2.58\pm 0.26)$ keV.
Reduced Dynamics and Control for an Autonomous Bicycle
Creators: name: Xiong, Jiaming
name: Li, Bo
name: Yu, Ruihan
name: Ma, Daolin
name: Wang, Wei
name: Liu, Caishan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, we propose the reduced model for the full dynamics of a bicycle and analyze its nonlinear behavior under a proportional control law for steering. Based on the Gibbs-Appell equations for the Whipple bicycle, we obtain a second-order nonlinear ordinary differential equation (ODE) that governs the bicycle's controlled motion. Two types of equilibrium points for the governing equation are found, which correspond to the bicycle's uniform straight forward and circular motions, respectively. By applying the Hurwitz criterion to the linearized equation, we find that the steer coefficient must be negative, consistent with the human's intuition of turning toward a fall. Under this condition, a critical angular velocity of the rear wheel exists, above which the uniform straight forward motion is stable, and slightly below which a pair of symmetrical stable uniform circular motions will occur. These theoretical findings are verified by both numerical simulations and experiments performed on a powered autonomous bicycle.
A Poesia como Ficção Não-Ficcional
Creators: name: Seiça, Álvaro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: poesia
poética
poetry
poetics

description: Este ensaio é a introdução da antologia de poesia Supressão (São Paulo: Urutau, 2019). This essay is the introduction to Supressão, a poetry anthology organized by Álvaro Seiça (São Paulo: Urutau, 2019).
Possibility of field-induced incommensurate order in quasi-one-dimensional frustrated spin system
Creators: name: Maeshima, Nobuya
name: Okunishi, Kouichi
name: Okamoto, Kiyomi
name: Sakai, Tôru
name: Yonemitsu, Kenji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study an incommensurate long-range order induced by an external magnetic field in a quasi-one-dimensional bond-alternating spin system, F5PNN, focusing on the role of the frustrating interaction which can be enhanced by a high-pressure effect. On the basis of the density matrix renormalization group analysis of a microscopic model for F5PNN, we present several H-T phase diagrams for typical parameters of the frustrating next-nearest-neighbour coupling and the interchain interaction, and then discuss how the field-induced incommensurate order develops by the frustration effect in such phase diagrams. A magnetization plateau at half the saturation moment is also mentioned.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures, submitted to J. Phys.: Condens. Matter
Increased Prevalence of Non-Motor Symptoms in Essential Tremor
Creators: name: Lacerte, Annie
name: Chouinard, Sylvain
name: Jodoin, Nicolas
name: Bernard, Genevieve
name: Rouleau, Guy A.
name: Panisset, Michel
Publisher: name: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Year: 2014

description: Background: Cases with essential tremor (ET) have been described with Lewy body inclusions, the hallmark of Parkinson disease (PD). Patients with PD may suffer from anosmia, depression, constipation, and rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD), sometimes years before the appearance of their motor syndrome. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of these non‐motor Parkinson's associated symptoms in patients with ET. Methods: Fifty ET subjects were contacted by phone and given questionnaires evaluating the presence or absence of anosmia, depression, constipation, and RBD. Frequencies of these symptoms were compared with their published prevalence in the general population. Results: Of the patients with ET, 4.5% reported having anosmia or hyposmia and 21.7% reported being constipated, similar to what is observed in the general population. Using a screening questionnaire for RBD, 43.5% of ET patients are possibly suffering from RBD, whereas in the general population prevalence is estimated to be 0.5%. Finally, depression was detected in 21.7% of ET patients; in the general population, prevalence is 5%. Discussion: Patients with ET seem to have more RBD and more depression than found in the general population. Prospective studies with normal control groups are needed to confirm these findings.
description: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements, Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Mass Determination and Detection of the Onset of Chromospheric Activity for the Sub-Stellar Object in EF Eridani
Creators: name: Howell, Steve B.
name: Walter, Frederick M.
name: Harrison, Thomas E.
name: Huber, Mark E.
name: Becker, Robert H.
name: White, Richard L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: EF Eri is a magnetic cataclysmic variable that has been in a low accretion state for the past nine years. Low state optical spectra reveal the underlying Zeeman-split white dwarf absorption lines. These features are used to determine a value of 13-14 MG as the white dwarf field strength. Recently, 5-7 years into the low state, Balmer and other emission lines have appeared in the optical. An analysis of the H$α$ emission line yields the first radial velocity solution for EF Eri, leading to a spectroscopic ephemeris for the binary and, using the best available white dwarf mass of 0.6M${\odot}$, a mass estimate for the secondary of 0.055M${\odot}$. For a white dwarf mass of 0.95M${\odot}$, the average for magnetic white dwarfs, the secondary mass increases to 0.087M${\odot}$. At EF Eri's orbital period of 81 minutes, this higher mass secondary could not be a normal star and still fit within the Roche lobe. The source of the Balmer and other emission lines is confirmed to be from the sub-stellar secondary and we argue that it is due to stellar activity. We compare EF Eri's emission line spectrum and activity behavior to that recently observed in AM Her and VV Pup and attributed to stellar activity. We explore observations and models originally developed for V471 Tau, for the RS CVn binaries, and for extra-solar planets. We conclude that irradiation of the secondary in EF Eri and similar systems is unlikely and, in polars, the magnetic field interaction between the two stars (with a possible tidal component) is a probable mechanism which would concentrate chromospheric activity on the secondary near the sub-stellar point of the white dwarf.
description: 49 pages, 12 figures Accepted to ApJ (Main journal)
Psychogenic Tremor: A Video Guide to Its Distinguishing Features
Creators: name: Jankovic, Joseph
name: Thenganatt, Mary Ann
Publisher: name: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Year: 2014

description: Background: Psychogenic tremor is the most common psychogenic movement disorder. It has characteristic clinical features that can help distinguish it from other tremor disorders. There is no diagnostic gold standard and the diagnosis is based primarily on clinical history and examination. Despite proposed diagnostic criteria, the diagnosis of psychogenic tremor can be challenging. While there are numerous studies evaluating psychogenic tremor in the literature, there are no publications that provide a video/visual guide that demonstrate the clinical characteristics of psychogenic tremor. Educating clinicians about psychogenic tremor will hopefully lead to earlier diagnosis and treatment. Methods: We selected videos from the database at the Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic at Baylor College of Medicine that illustrate classic findings supporting the diagnosis of psychogenic tremor. Results: We include 10 clinical vignettes with accompanying videos that highlight characteristic clinical signs of psychogenic tremor including distractibility, variability, entrainability, suggestibility, and coherence. Discussion: Psychogenic tremor should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with tremor, particularly if it is of abrupt onset, intermittent, variable and not congruous with organic tremor. The diagnosis of psychogenic tremor, however, should not be simply based on exclusion of organic tremor, such as essential, parkinsonian, or cerebellar tremor, but on positive criteria demonstrating characteristic features. Early recognition and management are critical for good long-term outcome.
description: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements, Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Infinitely Many Multipulse Solitons of Different Symmetry Types in the Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation with Quartic Dispersion
Creators: name: Bandara, Ravindra
name: Giraldo, Andrus
name: Broderick, Neil G. R.
name: Krauskopf, Bernd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that the generalised nonlinear Schrödinger equation (GNLSE) with quartic dispersion supports infinitely many multipulse solitons for a wide parameter range of the dispersion terms. These solitons exist through the balance between the quartic and quadratic dispersions with the Kerr nonlinearity, and they come in infinite families with different signatures. A travelling wave ansatz, where the optical pulse does not undergo a change in shape while propagating, allows us to transform the GNLSE into a fourth-order nonlinear Hamiltonian ordinary differential equation with two reversibilities. Studying families of connecting orbits with different symmetry properties of this reduced system, connecting equilibria to themselves or to periodic solutions, provides the key to understanding the overall structure of solitons of the GNLSE. Integrating a perturbation of them as solutions of the GNLSE suggests that some of these solitons may be observable experimentally in photonic crystal wave-guides over several dispersion lengths.
description: 22 pages, 10 figure
Mobile particles in an immobile environment: Molecular Dynamics simulation of a binary Yukawa mixture
Creators: name: Kikuchi, Norio
name: Horbach, Juergen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Molecular dynamics computer simulations are used to investigate thedynamics of a binary mixture of charged (Yukawa) particles with a size-ratio of 1:5. We find that the system undergoes a phase transition where the large particles crystallize while the small particles remain in a fluid-like (delocalized) phase. Upon decreasing temperature below the transition, the small particles become increasingly localized on intermediate time scales. This is reflected in the incoherent intermediate scattering functions by the appearance of a plateau with a growing height. At long times, the small particles show a diffusive hopping motion. We find that these transport properties are related to structural correlations and the single-particle potential energy distribution of the small particles.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
How Many People in the United States Have Essential Tremor? Deriving a Population Estimate Based on Epidemiological Data
Creators: name: Louis, Elan D.
name: Ottman, Ruth
Publisher: name: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Year: 2014

description: Background: Essential tremor (ET) is often reported to be among the most prevalent movement disorders, yet the precise number of cases in the USA is not known. The goal of the current analyses was to use published data from epidemiological studies to derive an estimate of the number of people currently residing in the USA who have ET. Methods: A PubMed search was conducted to identify population-based prevalence studies of ET. The methodology of 34 identified studies was assessed. Then the three most methodologically rigorous studies were selected, and age-specific prevalence data were abstracted. US census data from 2012 were used to determine the population in the USA by 10-year age categories. Results: Using data from three studies, estimates of the number of ET cases (2012) ranged from 6.38 to 7.63 million (mean = 7.01 million). This corresponds to approximately 2.2% of the US population. Discussion: Knowing the number of ET cases in the USA is important in terms of estimating the medical burden on communities and society, and providing an objective metric on which to base health resource planning.
description: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements, Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Εκτίμηση επιδημιολογικών, κλινικών και νευροφυσιολογικών παραμέτρων σε ασθενείς με διαβητική νευροπάθεια και δυσλειτουργία του ουροποιογεννητικού συστήματος
Creators: name: Γιαγλής, Γεώργιος Δ.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2006
Subjects: Ουροποιογεννητικό
Επιδημιολογία
Urogenital
Epidemiology

description: Στη μελέτη αυτή παρουσιάζεται το προφίλ των διαβητικών ασθενών που παρακολουθούνται σε εξειδικευμένα ιατρεία, εμ ιδιαίτερη έμφαση στις διαταραχές του ουροποιογεννητικού συστήματος και συγκρίνονται οι κλινικοεργαστηριακές λαο επιδημιολογικές παράμετροι των ασθενών με και χωρίς διαβητική νευροπάθεια. Συμμετείχαν 857 διαδοχικοί ασθενείς που προσήλθαν στα διαβητολογικά εξωτερικά ιατρεία τριών κέντρων της Αθήνας και της Θεσσαλονίκης. Για κάθε ασθενή καταγράφηκαν δεδομένα επιδημιολογικά, κλινικά και σχετικά με την πιθανή νευροπάεθειά τους. Επίσης συμπληρώθηκαν το Ερωτηματολόγιο Ποιότητας Ζωής SF-36, η Κλίμακα Επίπτωσης Σεξουαλικού Προβλήματος στην Ποιότητα Ζωής(Sexual Dysfunction Impact Scale), το Ερωτηματολόγιο Ικανοποίησης Συμπτωματολογίας του Προστάτη(IPSS) και ο Διεθνής Δείκτης Στυτικής Λειτουργίας(IIEF) από τους άνδρες και ο Δείκτης Σεξουαλικής Λειτουργίας(FSFI) από τις γυναίκες
description: In this study the profile of diabetic patients, treated in specialized diabetic outpatient clinics is presented. Special emphasis is given to disorders of the genitourinary system while clinical, laboratory and epidemiological parameters of patients with and without diabetic neuropathy are compared. 857 consecutive patients participated, coming from 3 diabetic outpatient clinics of Athens and Thessaloniki. For each patient epidemiological, vlinical, laboratory and data, regarding their possible neuropathy were recorded, while a number of questionnaires was administered, i.e. the General Dysfunction Ompact Scale, the Sexual Life Satisfaction Score, as well as the International Prostate Symptom Score(IPSS) and the International Index of Erectile Function(IIEF) to the men and the Female Sexual Function Index(FSFI) to the women
Rank-initial embeddings of non-standard models of set theory
Creators: name: Gorbow, Paul K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03H99, 03C15, 03C20, 03C62, 03E30, 03E55

description: A theoretical development is carried to establish fundamental results about rank-initial embeddings and automorphisms of countable non-standard models of set theory, with a keen eye for their sets of fixed points. These results are then combined into a "geometric technique" used to prove several results about countable non-standard models of set theory. In particular, back-and-forth constructions are carried out to establish various generalizations and refinements of Friedman's theorem on the existence of rank-initial embeddings between countable non-standard models of the fragment $\mathrm{KP}^\mathcal{P}$ + $Σ_1^\mathcal{P}$-Separation of $\mathrm{ZF}$; and Gaifman's technique of iterated ultrapowers is employed to show that any countable model of $\mathrm{GBC}$ + "$\mathrm{Ord}$ is weakly compact" can be elementarily rank-end-extended to models with well-behaved automorphisms whose sets of fixed points equal the original model. These theoretical developments are then utilized to prove various results relating self-embeddings, automorphisms, their sets of fixed points, strong rank-cuts, and set theories of different strengths. Two examples: The notion of "strong rank-cut" is characterized (i) in terms of the theory $\mathrm{GBC}$ + "$\mathrm{Ord}$ is weakly compact", and (ii) in terms of fixed-point sets of self-embeddings.
The Non-motor Features of Essential Tremor: A Primary Disease Feature or Just a Secondary Phenomenon?
Creators: name: Jhunjhunwala, Ketan
name: Pal, Pramod K.
Publisher: name: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Year: 2014

description: Essential tremor (ET) is a pathologically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorder with both motor and increasingly recognized non-motor features. It is debated whether the non-motor manifestations in ET result from widespread neurodegeneration or are merely secondary to impaired motor functions and decreased quality of life due to tremor. It is important to review these features to determine how to best treat the non-motor symptoms of patients and to understand the basic pathophysiology of the disease and develop appropriate pharmacotherapies. In this review, retrospective and prospective clinical studies were critically analyzed to identify possible correlations between the severities of non-motor features and tremor. We speculated that if such a correlation existed, the non-motor features were likely to be secondary to tremor. According to the current literature, the deficits in executive function, attention, concentration, and memory often observed in ET are likely to be a primary manifestation of the disease. It has also been documented that patients with ET often exhibit characteristic personality traits. However, it remains to be determined whether the other non-motor features often seen in ET, such as anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbances are primary or secondary to motor manifestations of ET and subsequent poor quality of life. Finally, there is evidence that patients with ET can also have impaired color vision, disturbances of olfaction, and hearing impairments, though there are few studies in these areas. Further investigations of large cohorts of patients with ET are required to understand the prevalence, nature, and true significance of the non-motor features in ET.
description: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements, Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Microscopic theory of thermal phase slips in clean narrow superconducting wires
Creators: name: Zharov, A.
name: Lopatin, A.
name: Koshelev, A. E.
name: Vinokur, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider structure of a thermal phase-slip center for a simple microscopic model of a clean one-dimensional superconductors in which superconductivity occurs only within one conducting channel or several identical channels. Surprisingly, the Eilenberger equations describing the saddle-point configuration allow for exact analytical solution in the whole temperature and current range. This solution allows us to derive a closed expression for the free-energy barrier, which we use to compute its temperature and current dependences.
Instantons and Supersymmetry
Creators: name: Bianchi, Massimo
name: Kovacs, Stefano
name: Rossi, Giancarlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The role of instantons in describing non-perturbative aspects of globally supersymmetric gauge theories is reviewed. The cases of theories with N=1, N=2 and N=4 supersymmetry are discussed. Special attention is devoted to the intriguing relation between instanton solutions in field theory and branes in string theory.
description: Latex 170 pages, several figures, uses svmult.cls. v2: minor corrections, references added. Contribution to the volume "String Theory and Fundamental Interactions", dedicated to Gabriele Veneziano on his 65th birthday
Resonance distribution in open quantum chaotic systems
Creators: name: Nonnenmacher, Stéphane
name: Schenck, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to study the resonance spectra of chaotic cavities subject to some damping (which can be due to absorption or partial reflection at the boundaries), we use a model of damped quantum maps. In the high-frequency limit, the distribution of (quantum) decay rates is shown to cluster near a ``typical'' value, which is larger than the classical decay rate of the corresponding damped ray dynamics. The speed of this clustering may be quite slow, which could explain why it has not been detected in previous numerical data.
description: 4 pages. Compared with version 2, we have slightly modified the figures, corrected some misprints, and added the values for the fits in figure 3
Species Abundance Distribution and Species Accumulation Curve: A General Framework and Results
Creators: name: Li, Cheuk Ting
name: Li, Kim-Hung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We build a general framework which establishes a one-to-one correspondence between species abundance distribution (SAD) and species accumulation curve (SAC). The appearance rates of the species and the appearance times of individuals of each species are modeled as Poisson processes. The number of species can be finite or infinite. Hill numbers are extended to the framework. We introduce a linear derivative ratio family of models, $\mathrm{LDR}_1$, of which the ratio of the first and the second derivatives of the expected SAC is a linear function. A D1/D2 plot is proposed to detect this linear pattern in the data. By extrapolation of the curve in the D1/D2 plot, a species richness estimator that extends Chao1 estimator is introduced. The SAD of $\mathrm{LDR}_1$ is the Engen's extended negative binomial distribution, and the SAC encompasses several popular parametric forms including the power law. Family $\mathrm{LDR}_1$ is extended in two ways: $\mathrm{LDR}_2$ which allows species with zero detection probability, and $\mathrm{RDR}_1$ where the derivative ratio is a rational function. Real data are analyzed to demonstrate the proposed methods. We also consider the scenario where we record only a few leading appearance times of each species. We show how maximum likelihood inference can be performed when only the empirical SAC is observed, and elucidate its advantages over the traditional curve-fitting method.
description: 49 pages, 5 figures
Mirror Movements Identified in Patients with Moebius Syndrome
Creators: name: Webb, Bryn Dionna
name: Frempong, Tamiesha
name: Naidich, Thomas P.
name: Gaspar, Harald
name: Wang Jabs, Ethylin
name: Rucker, Janet C.
Publisher: name: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Year: 2014

description: Background: Moebius syndrome is a rare disorder with minimum clinical criteria of congenital facial weakness in association with impairment in abduction of one or both eyes. Mirror movements are not known to be associated with Moebius syndrome. Case Report: We present three patients who meet minimum criteria for a diagnosis of Moebius syndrome and who also display mirror movements. Discussion: This case series suggests that Moebius syndrome may be associated with mirror movements. Further investigation to delineate the genetic etiologies of Moebius syndrome is ongoing. Patients with Moebius syndrome and mirror movements may represent a specific subclass of this disorder.
description: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements, Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
A Headset Method for Measuring the Visual Temporal Discrimination Threshold in Cervical Dystonia
Creators: name: Molloy, Anna
name: Williams, Laura
name: Kimmich, Okka
name: Butler, John S.
name: Quinlivan, Brendan
name: Dabacan, Adriana
name: Fanning, Aisling
name: O'Riordan, Sean
name: Reilly, Richard B.
name: Hutchinson, Michael
Publisher: name: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Year: 2014

description: Background: The visual temporal discrimination threshold (TDT) is the shortest time interval at which one can determine two stimuli to be asynchronous and meets criteria for a valid endophenotype in adult‐onset idiopathic focal dystonia, a poorly penetrant disorder. Temporal discrimination is assessed in the hospital laboratory; in unaffected relatives of multiplex adult‐onset dystonia patients distance from the hospital is a barrier to data acquisition. We devised a portable headset method for visual temporal discrimination determination and our aim was to validate this portable tool against the traditional laboratory‐based method in a group of patients and in a large cohort of healthy controls. Methods: Visual TDTs were examined in two groups 1) in 96 healthy control participants divided by age and gender, and 2) in 33 cervical dystonia patients, using two methods of data acquisition, the traditional table‐top laboratory‐based system, and the novel portable headset method. The order of assessment was randomized in the control group. The results obtained by each technique were compared. Results: Visual temporal discrimination in healthy control participants demonstrated similar age and gender effects by the headset method as found by the table‐top examination. There were no significant differences between visual TDTs obtained using the two methods, both for the control participants and for the cervical dystonia patients. Bland–Altman testing showed good concordance between the two methods in both patients and in controls. Discussion: The portable headset device is a reliable and accurate method for visual temporal discrimination testing for use outside the laboratory, and will facilitate increased TDT data collection outside of the hospital setting. This is of particular importance in multiplex families where data collection in all available members of the pedigree is important for exome sequencing studies.
description: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements, Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Aharonov-Bohm phase operations on a double-barrier nanoring charge qubit
Creators: name: Wang, Yuquan
name: Yang, Ning
name: Zhu, Jia-Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a scheme for charge qubit implementation in a double-barrier nanoring. The logical states of the qubit are encoded in the spatial wavefunctions of the two lowest energy states of the system. The Aharonov-Bohm phase introduced by magnetic flux, instead of tunable tunnelings, along with electric fields can be used for implementing the quantum gate operations. During the operations, the external fields should be switched smoothly enough to avoid the errors caused by the transition to higher-lying states. The structure and field effects on the validity of the qubit are also studied.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures
Observational Study of IncobotulinumtoxinA for Cervical Dystonia or Blepharospasm (XCiDaBLE): Interim Results for the First 170 Subjects with Blepharospasm
Creators: name: Fernandez, Hubert H.
name: Jankovic, Joseph
name: Holds, John B.
name: Lin, Daniel
name: Burns, John
name: Verma, Amit
name: Sethi, Kapil
name: Pappert, Eric J.
Publisher: name: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Year: 2014

description: Background: XCiDaBLE is a large, prospective, observational “naturalistic” study evaluating Xeomin® for Cervical Dystonia or BLEpharospasm in the United States. We report the interim results from the blepharospasm cohort of XCiDaBLE. Methods: Subjects (≥18 years old) with blepharospasm were followed for two treatment cycles of incobotulinumtoxinA and monitored for 4 weeks after injection via interactive voice/web response system (IVRS/IWRS). The investigator‐reported scale includes the Clinical Global Impression Scale‐Severity subscale (CGI‐S). Patient‐reported outcome measures include the Patient Global Impression Scale‐Severity (PGI‐S) and ‐Improvement (PGI‐I) subscales, Jankovic Rating Scale (JRS), SF‐12v2® health survey, and Work Productivity and Activity Impairment questionnaire. Subjects are seen by the investigator at baseline (including the first injection), during the second injection, and at a final study visit (12 weeks after the second injection). Results: One hundred seventy subjects were included in this interim analysis. The majority of subjects were female (77.1%) and white (91.8%), and had previously been treated with botulinum toxins (96.5%). The mean total dose (both eyes) was 71.5 U of incobotulinumtoxinA for the first injection. PGI‐S, PGI‐I, and JRS scores were significantly improved 4 weeks after treatment (all p<0.0001). No differences were noted in either quality of life (QoL) or work productivity in this short assessment period. No unexpected adverse events occurred. Discussion: This is an interim study and assessment method based on an IVRS/IWRS. In this predominantly toxin‐experienced cohort, significant benefits in specific and global measures of disease severity were seen in the immediate post‐incobotulinumtoxinA injection period. It will be interesting to see if there are improvements in QoL with consistent individualized injections over a longer period.
description: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements, Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Essential Tremor: A Neurodegenerative Disease?
Creators: name: Benito-Leon, Julian
Publisher: name: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Year: 2014

description: Background: Essential tremor (ET) is one of the most common neurological disorders among adults, and is the most common of the many tremor disorders. It has classically been viewed as a benign monosymptomatic condition, yet over the past decade, a growing body of evidence indicates that ET is a progressive condition that is clinically heterogeneous, as it may be associated with a spectrum of clinical features, with both motor and non‐motor elements. In this review, I will describe the most significant emerging milestones in research which, when taken together, suggest that ET is a neurodegenerative condition. Methods: A PubMed search conducted in June 2014 crossing the terms “essential tremor” (ET) and “neurodegenerative” yielded 122 entries, 20 of which included the term “neurodegenerative” in the article title. This was supplemented by articles in the author's files that pertained to this topic. Results/Discussion: There is an open and active dialogue in the medical community as to whether ET is a neurodegenerative disease, with considerable evidence in favor of this. Specifically, ET is a progressive disorder of aging associated with neuronal loss (reduction in Purkinje cells) as well as other post‐mortem changes that occur in traditional neurodegenerative disorders. Along with this, advanced neuroimaging techniques are now demonstrating distinct structural changes, several of which are consistent with neuronal loss, in patients with ET. However, further longitudinal clinical and neuroimaging longitudinal studies to assess progression are required.
description: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements, Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements