cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Consistency of New CDF-II W Boson Mass with 123-Model
Creators: name: Ouazghour, B. Ait
name: Benbrik, R.
name: Ghourmin, E.
name: Ouchemhou, M.
name: Rahili, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following the recent update measurement of the W boson mass performed by the CDF-II experiment at Fermilab which indicates $7σ$ deviation from the SM prediction. As a consequence, the open question is whether there are extensions of the SM that can carry such a remarkable deviation or what phenomenological repercussions this has. In this paper, we investigate what the theoretical constraints reveal about the \ott model. Also, we study the consistency of a CDF W boson mass measurement with the 123-model expectations, taking into account theoretical and experimental constraints. Both fit results of $S$ and $T$ parameters before and after $m_{W}^{\rm{CDF}}$ measurement are, moreover, considered in this study. Under these conditions, we found that the 123-model prediction is consistent with the measured $m_{W}^{\rm{CDF}}$ at a $95\%$ Confidence Level (CL).
description: 17 pages, 3 figures
Pressure-induced color change arising from transformation between intra- and inter-band transitions in LuH$_{2\pm x}$N$_{y}$
Creators: name: Liu, Zhe
name: Zhang, Yingjie
name: Huang, Shenyang
name: Ming, Xue
name: Li, Qing
name: Pan, Chenghao
name: Dai, Yaomin
name: Zhou, Xiaoxiang
name: Zhu, Xiyu
name: Yan, Hugen
name: Wen, Hai-Hu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pressure-induced color change in the nitrogen-doped lutetium hydride has triggered extensive discussions about the underlying physics. Here, we study the optical response of LuH$_{2 \pm x}$N$_{y}$ in a broad frequency range at ambient pressure and its evolution with pressure in the visible spectral range. The broad-band optical spectra at ambient pressure reveal a Drude component associated with intra-band electronic transitions and two Lorentz components (L1 and L2) arising from inter-band electronic transitions. The application of pressure causes a spectral weight transfer from L1 to the Drude component, leading to a blue shift of the plasma edge in the reflectivity spectrum alongside a reduction of the high-frequency reflectivity. Our results suggest that the pressure-induced color change in LuH$_{2 \pm x}$N$_{y}$ is closely related to the transformation between intra- and inter-band electronic transitions, providing new insights into the mechanism of the pressure-induced color change in LuH$_{2 \pm x}$N$_{y}$.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures. Comments are welcome and appreciated
Gauged $L_e-L_μ-L_τ$ symmetry, fourth generation, neutrino mass and dark matter
Creators: name: Mahapatra, Satyabrata
name: Mohapatra, Rabindra N.
name: Sahu, Narendra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present two models where the familiar leptonic symmetry $L_e-L_μ-L_τ$ is a gauge symmetry. We show how anomaly cancellation constrains the allowed theories, with one of them requiring a fourth sequential chiral standard model fermion generation and a second one with three generations, requiring gauging of $(L_e-L_μ-L_τ)-(B_1-B_2-B_3)$ with $B_a$ representing the baryon number of the $a$th generation quarks. Unlike global $L_e-L_μ-L_τ$ models which always leads to inverted mass hierarchy for neutrinos, the gauged version can lead to normal hierarchy. We show how to construct realistic models in both the cases and discuss the dark matter candidate in both. In our model, the breaking of $U(1)_{L_e-L_μ-L_τ}$ is responsible for neutrino mass via type-I mechanism whereas the real part of $U(1)_{L_e-L_μ-L_τ}$ breaking scalar field (called $ϕ$ here) plays the role of freeze-in dark matter candidate. Since $ϕ$ is unstable, for it to qualify as dark matter, its lifetime must be larger than the age of the Universe, implying that the relic of $ϕ$ is generated through freeze-in mechanism and its mass must be less than an MeV. We also discuss the possibility of explaining both muon and electron $(g-2)$ while being consistent with the dark matter relic density and lifetime constraints.
description: 31 pages, 10 captioned figures, Accepted for publication in Phys. Lett. B
Photonic realization of a generic type of graphene edge states exhibiting topological flat band
Creators: name: Xia, Shiqi
name: Liang, Yongsheng
name: Tang, Liqin
name: Song, Daohong
name: Xu, Jingjun
name: Chen, Zhigang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cutting a honeycomb lattice (HCL) can end up with three types of edges (zigzag, bearded and armchair), as is well known in the study of graphene edge states. Here we theoretically investigate and experimentally demonstrate a class of graphene edges, namely, the twig-shaped edges, using a photonic platform, thereby observing edge states distinctive from those observed before. Our main findings are: (i) the twig edge is a generic type of HCL edges complementary to the armchair edge, formed by choosing the right primitive cell rather than simple lattice cutting or Klein edge modification; (ii) the twig edge states form a complete flat band across the Brillouin zone with zero-energy degeneracy, characterized by nontrivial topological winding of the lattice Hamiltonian; (iii) the twig edge states can be elongated or compactly localized along the boundary, manifesting both flat band and topological features. Such new edge states are realized in a laser-written photonic graphene and well corroborated by numerical simulations. Our results may broaden the understanding of graphene edge states, bringing about new possibilities for wave localization in artificial Dirac-like materials.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
Trading drift and fluctuations in entropic dynamics: quantum dynamics as an emergent universality class
Creators: name: Bartolomeo, Daniel
name: Caticha, Ariel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entropic Dynamics (ED) is a framework that allows the formulation of dynamical theories as an application of entropic methods of inference. In the generic application of ED to derive the Schroedinger equation for N particles the dynamics is a non-dissipative diffusion in which the system follows a "Brownian" trajectory with fluctuations superposed on a smooth drift. We show that there is a family of ED models that differ at the "microscopic" or sub-quantum level in that one can enhance or suppress the fluctuations relative to the drift. Nevertheless, members of this family belong to the same universality class in that they all lead to the same emergent Schroedinger behavior at the "macroscopic" or quantum level. The model in which fluctuations are totally suppressed is of particular interest: the system evolves along the smooth lines of probability flow. Thus ED includes the Bohmian or causal form of quantum mechanics as a special limiting case. We briefly explore a different universality class -- a non-dissipative dynamics with microscopic fluctuations but no quantum potential. The Bohmian limit of these hybrid models is equivalent to classical mechanics. Finally we show that the Heisenberg uncertainty relation is unaffected either by enhancing or suppressing microscopic fluctuations or by switching off the quantum potential.
description: Invited paper presented at the EmQM15 Workshop on Emergent Quantum Mechanics, Vienna University of Technology (October 23--25, 2015). arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1512.09084
Super-harmonically resonant swirling waves in longitudinally forced circular cylinders
Creators: name: Marcotte, Alice
name: Gallaire, François
name: Bongarzone, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Resonant sloshing in circular cylinders was studied by Faltinsen et al. (2016), whose theory was used to describe steady-state resonant waves due to time-harmonic container's elliptic orbits. In the limit of longitudinal container motions, a symmetry-breaking of the planar wave solution occurs, with clockwise and anti-clockwise swirling equally likely. In addition to this primary harmonic dynamics, previous experiments have unveiled that diverse super-harmonic dynamics are observable far from primary resonances. Among these, the so-called double-crest (DC) dynamics, first observed by Reclari et al. (2014) for rotary sloshing, is particularly relevant, as its manifestation is the most favored by the spatial structure of the external driving. Following Bongarzone et al. (2022a), in this work we develop a weakly nonlinear (WNL) analysis to describe the system response to super-harmonic longitudinal forcing. The resulting system of amplitude equations predicts that a planar wave symmetry-breaking via stable swirling may also occur under super-harmonic excitation. This finding is confirmed by our experimental observations, which identify three possible super-harmonic regimes, i.e. (i) stable planar DC waves, (ii) irregular motion and (iii) stable swirling DC waves, whose corresponding stability boundaries in the forcing frequency-amplitude plane quantitatively match the present theoretical estimates.
MPEC 2023-T02 : 2023 SL8
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 SL8

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Struvea Sonder 1845
Creators: name: Mora-Valdés, Laura Areli
name: Riosmena-Rodríguez, Rafael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Chlorophyta
Ulvophyceae
Siphonocladales
Boodleaceae
Struvea

description: Struvea Sonder 1845
 Struvea anastomosans (Harvey) Piccone & Grunow ex Piccone (1884: 20).
 TAXONOMIC STATUS: According to Norris (2010) and Guiry & Guiry (2014) this name is a taxonomic synonym of Phyllodictyon anastomosans (Harvey) Kraft & M.J.Wynne, see comments under that name.
 RECORDS IN THE GULF OF CALIFORNIA: Bahía de La Paz (Rocha-Ramírez & Siqueiros-Beltrones 1990: 25, Riosmena-Rodríguez & Paúl-Chávez 1997: 67), Bahía de Banderas (Serviere-Zaragoza et al. 1993: table 2).
 Struvea ramosa Dickie (1874b: 316)
 TAXONOMIC STATUS:According to Norris (2010) and Guiry & Guiry (2015) this name is actually regarded as a taxonomic synonym of Phyllodictyon pulcherrimum J. E. Gray.
 RECORDS IN THE GULF OF CALIFORNIA: ND (Dawson 1966b: 55, González-González et al. 1996: 139). Unpublished data: Castillo-Álvarez (1990: 91, table 1).
description: Published as part of Mora-Valdés, Laura Areli & Riosmena-Rodríguez, Rafael, 2016, Checklist of the green (Ulvophyceae) macroalgae from the Gulf of California, México, pp. 203-247 in Phytotaxa 246 (4) on page 234, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.246.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13678608
Magnetic Catalysis in Holographic Model with Two Types of Anisotropy for Heavy Quarks
Creators: name: Aref'eva, Irina Ya.
name: Hajilou, Ali
name: Rannu, Kristina
name: Slepov, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In our previous paper [arXiv:2011.07023] we have constructed a twice anisotropic five-dimensional holographic model supported by Einstein-dilaton-three-Maxwell action that reproduced some essential features of the "heavy quarks" model. However, that model did not describe the magnetic catalysis (MC) phenomena expected from lattice results for the QGP made up from heavy quarks. In this paper we fill this gap and construct the model that improves the previous one. It keeps typical properties of the heavy quarks phase diagram, and meanwhile possesses the MC. The deformation of previous model includes the modification of the "heavy quarks" warp factor and the coupling function for the Maxwell field providing the non-trivial chemical potential.
description: 47 pages, 21 figures, 1 table; typos are corrected, refs are added
Análisis y Diseño de Antenas Microstrip con Polarización Circular y Sentido de Giro Seleccionable en las que se Combinan Dos Técnicas que Permitan Reducir su Tamaño y Mejorar su Ancho de Banda de Impedancia y de Relación Axial
Creators: name: Zuluaga, Iván
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Electrostatics and electrodynamics
Engineering electromagnetics
Wireless communication systems and technologies (incl. microwave and millimetrewave)

description: En el presente trabajo de grado se estudiaron diversas técnicas que permitan reducir el tamaño y ampliar el ancho de banda de cualquier antena basada en tecnología Microstrip; más específicamente, se estudiaron las propiedades y características de las antenas Microstrip tipo anillo circular así como el modelo electromagnético que las describe para determinar como la naturaleza de la propagación electromagnética presentada al interior de la cavidad que las constituye indica que estas poseen múltiples frecuencias de resonancia, lo que, junto a un mecanismo que permita acoplar dichas frecuencias, sugiere que dicha naturaleza puede ser aprovechada como una técnica de expansión de ancho de banda, en lo que, el mecanismo que permite acoplar dichas frecuencias de resonancia y por tanto, generar una nueva, constituye una segunda técnica de expansión de ancho de banda así como una de reducción de tamaño de la antena. El mecanismo por el cual es generada la frecuencia de resonancia intermedia y que constituye la segunda técnica de expansión de ancho de banda, se basa en otorgarle comportamiento metamaterial zurdo al medio que constituye a la cavidad a la frecuencia en cuestión; para ello, en el presente trabajo, se propone emplear estructuras parásitas basadas en resonadores de anillo partido complementario; no obstante, la incorporación de dichas estructuras merma y considerablemente la eficiencia de la antena, motivo por el cual, se propone implementar la antena sobre un apilado de sustratos además de cortocircuitar el perímetro interno del anillo que comprende la superficie del radiador primario de la antena buscando con ello mitigar la reducción de la eficiencia. Todo esto en aras de diseñar una antena de tamaño reducido y de banda ancha que opere en la banda de 2 GHz mejorando las prestaciones de propuestas previas que se han realizado partiendo de una topología de antena Microstrip tipo anillo que posea polarización circular y cuyo sentido de giro de la misma sea configurable.
Backpropagation-Free 4D Continuous Ant-Based Neural Topology Search
Creators: name: ElSaid, AbdElRahman
name: Ricanek, Karl
name: Lyu, Zeming
name: Ororbia, Alexander
name: Desell, Travis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Continuous Ant-based Topology Search (CANTS) is a previously introduced novel nature-inspired neural architecture search (NAS) algorithm that is based on ant colony optimization (ACO). CANTS utilizes a continuous search space to indirectly-encode a neural architecture search space. Synthetic ant agents explore CANTS' continuous search space based on the density and distribution of pheromones, strongly inspired by how ants move in the real world. This continuous search space allows CANTS to automate the design of artificial neural networks (ANNs) of any size, removing a key limitation inherent to many current NAS algorithms that must operate within structures of a size that is predetermined by the user. This work expands CANTS by adding a fourth dimension to its search space representing potential neural synaptic weights. Adding this extra dimension allows CANTS agents to optimize both the architecture as well as the weights of an ANN without applying backpropagation (BP), which leads to a significant reduction in the time consumed in the optimization process: at least an average of 96% less time consumption with very competitive optimization performance, if not better. The experiments of this study - using real-world data - demonstrate that the BP-Free CANTS algorithm exhibits highly competitive performance compared to both CANTS and ANTS while requiring significantly less operation time.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2011.10831
MATILDA.FT, a Mesoscale Simulation Package for Inhomogeneous Soft Matter
Creators: name: Jedlinska, Zuzanna M.
name: Tabedzki, Christian
name: Gillespie, Colin
name: Hess, Nathaniel
name: Yang, Anita
name: Riggleman, Robert A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we announce the public release of a massively-parallel, GPU-accelerated software, which is the first to combine both coarse-grained molecular dynamics and field-theoretical simulations in one simulation package. MATILDA.FT (Mesoscale, Accelerated, Theoretically-Informed, Langevin, Dissipative particle dynamics, and Field Theory) was designed from the ground-up to run on CUDA-enabled GPUs, with the Thrust library acceleration, enabling it to harness the possibility of massive parallelism to efficiently simulate systems on a mesoscopic scale. MATILDA.FT is a versatile software, enabling the users to use either Langevin dynamics or Field Theory to model their systems - all within the same software. It has been used to model a variety of systems, from polymer solutions, and nanoparticle-polymer interfaces, to coarse-grained peptide models, and liquid crystals. MATILDA.FT is written in CUDA/C++ and is object oriented, making its source-code easy to understand and extend. The software comes with dedicated post-processing and analysis tools, as well as the detailed documentation and relevant examples. Below, we present an overview of currently available features. We explain in detail the logic of parallel algorithms and methods. We provide necessary theoretical background, and present examples of recent research projects which utilized MATILDA.FT as the simulation engine. We also demonstrate how the code can be easily extended, and present the plan for the future development. The source code, along with the documentation, additional tools and examples can be found on GitHub repository.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures
Mellin transform of quartic products of shifted Airy functions
Creators: name: Abramochkin, E. G.
name: Razueva, E. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 33C10, 33C05, 44A20

description: The Mellin transform of quartic products of shifted Airy functions is evaluated in a closed form. Some particular cases expressed in terms of the logarithm function and complete elliptic integrals special values are presented.
description: Submitted to 'Integral Transforms and Special Functions'
Robust stability of moving horizon estimation for continuous-time systems
Creators: name: Schiller, Julian D.
name: Müller, Matthias A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We consider a moving horizon estimation (MHE) scheme involving a discounted least squares objective for general nonlinear continuous-time systems. Provided that the system is detectable (incrementally integral input/output-to-state stable, i-iIOSS), we show that there exists a sufficiently long estimation horizon that guarantees robust global exponential stability of the estimation error in a time-discounted $L^2$-to-$L^\infty$ sense. In addition, we show that i-iIOSS Lyapunov functions can be efficiently constructed by verifying certain linear matrix inequality conditions. In combination, we propose a flexible Lyapunov-based MHE framework in continuous time, which particularly offers more tuning possibilities than its discrete-time analog, and provide sufficient conditions for stability that can be easily verified in practice. Our results are illustrated by a numerical example.
description: Replaced by accepted version
The geodesic flow of the BGPP metric is Liouville integrable
Creators: name: Maciejewski, Andrzej J.
name: Przybylska, Maria
name: Valent, Galliano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove that the geodesics equations corresponding to the BGPP metric are integrable in the Liouville sense. The $\mathrm{SO}(3,\mathbb{R})$ symmetry of the model allows to reduce the system from four to two degrees of freedom. Moreover, solutions of the reduced system and its degenerations can be solved explicitly or reduced to a certain quadrature. In degenerated cases BGPP metric coincides with the Eguchi-Hanson metric and for this case the mentioned quadrature can be calculated explicitly in terms of elliptic integrals.
description: 14 pages, one figure
Struveopsis Rhyne & H. Robinson 1968
Creators: name: Mora-Valdés, Laura Areli
name: Riosmena-Rodríguez, Rafael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Chlorophyta
Ulvophyceae
Siphonocladales
Siphonocladaceae
Struveopsis

description: Struveopsis Rhyne & H. Robinson (1968: 468)
 Struveopsis robusta (Setchell & N.L. Gardner) Rhyne & H. Robinson (1968: 470).
 TAXONOMIC STATUS: According to Norris (2010) and Guiry & Guiry (2014) the name S. robusta is actually regarded as a taxonomic synonym of Phyllodictyon robustum, also see coments under that name.
 RECORDS IN THE GULF OF CALIFORNIA: Isla Tortuga (Setchell & Gardner 1924: 714–715), Punta Arena and Cabo Pulmo (Mateo-Cid et al. 2000: table 1), Northern Gulf (Aguilar-Rosas et al. 2000b: Table 1, Aguilar-Rosas et al. 2002: table 1).
description: Published as part of Mora-Valdés, Laura Areli & Riosmena-Rodríguez, Rafael, 2016, Checklist of the green (Ulvophyceae) macroalgae from the Gulf of California, México, pp. 203-247 in Phytotaxa 246 (4) on page 234, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.246.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13678608
Falsification of a Time Operator Model based on Charge-Conjugation-Parity violation of neutral K-mesons
Creators: name: Durt, T.
name: Di Domenico, A.
name: Hiesmayr, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The founding fathers of the quantum theory already struggled with the different roles of space and time in quantum theory. Position is by default represented by an operator, whereas time is usually treated as a parameter. Time operator models exist, in particular a certain Time Operator model denoted the Temporal Wave Function (T.W.F.). This one extends the Born's rule to the time domain. The statistics of pure exponential decay does not allow to exclude this Born rule for time. However the tiny violation of the combined discrete symmetries $P$ (parity) and $C$ (charge conjugation) observed in the K-meson system allows us, as we prove in this paper, to discriminate between the standard predictions, made in the framework of the so-called mass-decay matrix formalism, and the T.W.F. predictions. We also present experimental data of a particular $CP$ violating decay channel, that is in contrast with the prediction of T.W.F. approach model, resulting in its falsification.
Gotcha! I Know What You are Doing on the FPGA Cloud: Fingerprinting Co-Located Cloud FPGA Accelerators via Measuring Communication Links
Creators: name: Fang, Chongzhou
name: Miao, Ning
name: Wang, Han
name: Zhou, Jiacheng
name: Sheaves, Tyler
name: Emmert, John M.
name: Sasan, Avesta
name: Homayoun, Houman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent decades, due to the emerging requirements of computation acceleration, cloud FPGAs have become popular in public clouds. Major cloud service providers, e.g. AWS and Microsoft Azure have provided FPGA computing resources in their infrastructure and have enabled users to design and deploy their own accelerators on these FPGAs. Multi-tenancy FPGAs, where multiple users can share the same FPGA fabric with certain types of isolation to improve resource efficiency, have already been proved feasible. However, this also raises security concerns. Various types of side-channel attacks targeting multi-tenancy FPGAs have been proposed and validated. The awareness of security vulnerabilities in the cloud has motivated cloud providers to take action to enhance the security of their cloud environments.
 In FPGA security research papers, researchers always perform attacks under the assumption that attackers successfully co-locate with victims and are aware of the existence of victims on the same FPGA board. However, the way to reach this point, i.e., how attackers secretly obtain information regarding accelerators on the same fabric, is constantly ignored despite the fact that it is non-trivial and important for attackers. In this paper, we present a novel fingerprinting attack to gain the types of co-located FPGA accelerators. We utilize a seemingly non-malicious benchmark accelerator to sniff the communication link and collect performance traces of the FPGA-host communication link. By analyzing these traces, we are able to achieve high classification accuracy for fingerprinting co-located accelerators, which proves that attackers can use our method to perform cloud FPGA accelerator fingerprinting with a high success rate. As far as we know, this is the first paper targeting multi-tenant FPGA accelerator fingerprinting with the communication side-channel.
description: To be published in ACM CCS 2023
Additive manufacturing materials for structural optimisation and cooling enhancement of superconducting motors in cryo-electric aircraft
Creators: name: Lumsden, Grant
name: Ludbrook, Bartholomew
name: Rehn, N Rogers
name: Fernandez, F Solis
name: Davies, Michael
name: Chamritski, V
name: Signamneni, S
name: Badcock, Rodney
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4016
subject: Materials engineering
subject: FOS: Materials engineering
classificationCode: 40
subject: Engineering
classificationCode: 5104
subject: Condensed matter physics

description: Superconducting electric motors offer the potential for low weight and high power in applications such as electric aircraft and high speed marine transport. Combined with renewably-sourced cryogenic fuels and advanced fuel cells they offer a path to zero-carbon mass transport. The proposed architectures of these extreme machines, operating at temperatures around 20 K-50 K and employing very high alternating magnetic fields, require materials for the stator that are not electrically conducting and at the same time have good cryogenic structural performance. Additively manufactured (AM) materials can play a key role in these designs, and a collaboration between the Robinson Research Institute and Auckland University of Technology is studying the performance of a range of composite polymers in superconducting machine applications. There are significant challenges to be met, including understanding the effect of the build process on material properties at low temperatures, and also the effect of formulation changes on thermal properties. AM metals can be employed in the rotor components, where the magnetic field fluctuations are very small for our synchronous designs. In this usage case, we can achieve dramatic reductions in the weight of the rotor assembly by minimising the number of joints and facilitating the design of multi-functional components in our helium cooled, vacuum cryostat architecture. Novel design solutions have been developed for several key components in our prototype machines and these are discussed, along with cryogenic testing results for selected AM polymers and composites.
Coptera distans Muesebeck 1980
Creators: name: Notton, David G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Diapriidae
Coptera
Coptera distans

description: Coptera distans Muesebeck, 1980: 23, 26, 34.
Valid name
Coptera distans Muesebeck, 1980.
Summary of types
Paratype ♂.
description: Published as part of Notton, David G., 2014, A catalogue of the types of Diapriinae (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae) at the Natural History Museum, London, pp. 1-123 in European Journal of Taxonomy 75 on page 85, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2014.75, http://zenodo.org/record/3862773
Chiral perturbation theory of the hyperfine splitting in (muonic) hydrogen
Creators: name: Hagelstein, Franziska
name: Lensky, Vadim
name: Pascalutsa, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ongoing experimental efforts to measure the hyperfine transition in muonic hydrogen prompt an accurate evaluation of the proton-structure effects. At the leading order in $α$, which is $O(α^5)$ in the hyperfine splitting (hfs), these effects are usually evaluated in a data-driven fashion, using the empirical information on the proton electromagnetic form factors and spin structure functions. Here we perform a first calculation based on the baryon chiral perturbation theory (B$χ$PT). At leading orders it provides a prediction for the proton polarizability effects in hydrogen (H) and muonic hydrogen ($μ$H). We find large cancellations among the various contributions leading to, within the uncertainties, a zero polarizability effect at leading order in the B$χ$PT expansion. This result is in significant disagreement with the current data-driven evaluations. The small polarizability effect implies a smaller Zemach radius $R_\mathrm{Z}$, if one uses the well-known experimental $1S$ hfs in H or the $2S$ hfs in $μ$H. We, respectively, obtain $R_\mathrm{Z}(\mathrm{H}) = 1.010(9)$ fm, $R_\mathrm{Z}(μ\mathrm{H}) = 1.040(33)$ fm. The total proton-structure effect to the hfs at $O(α^5)$ is then consistent with previous evaluations; the discrepancy in the polarizability is compensated by the smaller Zemach radius. Our recommended value for the $1S$ hfs in $μ\text{H}$ is $182.640(18)\,\mathrm{meV}.$
description: 22 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables, typo in Eq. (13) corrected, references updated
On the rate of change of the best constant in the Sobolev inequality
Creators: name: Carroll, Tom
name: Fall, Mouhamed Moustapha
name: Ratzkin, Jesse
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We estimate the rate of change of the best constant in the Sobolev inequality of a Euclidean domain which moves outward. Along the way we prove an inequality which reverses the usual Holder inequality, which may be of independent interest.
description: 17 pages
Scalar Mode Quadrupole Radiation from Astronomical Sources in $F(R)$ Modified Gravity
Creators: name: Inagaki, Tomohiro
name: Taniguchi, Masahiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the scalar mode quadrupole radiation of gravitational waves in $F(R)$ modified gravity. In $F(R)$ gravity a massive scalar mode appears in the gravitational waves. We find explicit expressions for the quadrupole radiation and the energy current of the scalar mode in general $F(R)$ gravity models. We consider a binary star and a bouncing star as astronomical sources of the gravitational waves and calculate the quadrupole radiation of the scalar and tensor modes. The scalar mode radiates under spherically symmetric conditions, but the tensor modes do not. The scalar mode mass is estimated for some typical energy scales. We show a possibility to detect the scalar mode in the future gravitational waves observation.
description: 16pages, 2figures
Liquid-Gated High Mobility and Quantum Oscillation of the Two-Dimensional Electron Gas at an Oxide Interface
Creators: name: Zeng, Shengwei
name: Lü, Weiming
name: Huang, Zhen
name: Liu, Zhiqi
name: Han, Kun
name: Gopinadhan, Kalon
name: Li, Changjian
name: Guo, Rui
name: Zhou, Wenxiong
name: Ma, Haijiao Harsan
name: Jian, Linke
name: Venkatesan, T
name: Ariando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electric field effect in electronic double layer transistor (EDLT) configuration with ionic liquids as the dielectric materials is a powerful means of exploring various properties in different materials. Here we demonstrate the modulation of electrical transport properties and extremely high mobility of two-dimensional electron gas at LaAlO$_3$/SrTiO$_3$ (LAO/STO) interface through ionic liquid-assisted electric field effect. By changing the gate voltages, the depletion of charge carrier and the resultant enhancement of electron mobility up to 19380 cm$^2$/Vs are realized, leading to quantum oscillations of the conductivity at the LAO/STO interface. The present results suggest that high-mobility oxide interfaces which exhibit quantum phenomena could be obtained by ionic liquid-assisted field effect.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures, ACS Nano, March 09, 2016
Dynamical system analysis for nonminimal torsion-matter coupled gravity
Creators: name: Carloni, Sante
name: Lobo, Francisco S. N.
name: Otalora, Giovanni
name: Saridakis, Emmanuel N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we perform a detailed dynamical analysis for the cosmological applications of a nonminimal torsion-matter coupled gravity. Two alternative formalisms are proposed, which enable one to choose between the easier approach for a given problem, and furthermore, we analyze six specific models. In general, we extract fixed points corresponding either to dark-matter dominated, scaling decelerated solutions, or to dark-energy dominated accelerated solutions. Additionally, we find that there is a small parameter region in which the model can experience the transition from the matter epoch to a dark-energy era. These features are in agreement with the observed universe evolution, and make the theory a successful candidate for the description of Nature.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Pseudostruvea Egerod 1975
Creators: name: Mora-Valdés, Laura Areli
name: Riosmena-Rodríguez, Rafael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Chlorophyta
Ulvophyceae
Siphonocladales
Siphonocladaceae
Pseudostruvea

description: Pseudostruvea Egerod, 1975: 47
 Pseudostruvea robusta (Setchell & N.L. Gardner) Egerod (1975: 47).
 TAXONOMIC STATUS: According to Leliaert et al. (2008), Norris (2010) and Guiry & Guiry (2014) this name is currently regarded as a taxonomic synonym of P. robustum; however no one has recently reviewed the taxonomic status.
 RECORDS IN THE GULF OF CALIFORNIA: ND (González-González et al. 1996: 138, Pacheco-Ruíz et al. 2008: 202), Central Gulf (Espinoza-Ávalos 1993: 333), Calerita (Rodríguez-Morales & Siqueiros-Beltrones 1999: table 1), Bahía de Los Angeles (Pacheco-Ruiz & Zertuche-González 1996b: table 1), Southern Gulf (Cruz-Ayala et al. 2001: table1). Unpublished data: Vázquez-Borja (1999: tables 1, 2).
description: Published as part of Mora-Valdés, Laura Areli & Riosmena-Rodríguez, Rafael, 2016, Checklist of the green (Ulvophyceae) macroalgae from the Gulf of California, México, pp. 203-247 in Phytotaxa 246 (4) on page 234, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.246.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13678608
Active galactic nuclei at gamma-ray energies
Creators: name: Dermer, Charles Dennison
name: Giebels, Berrie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Active Galactic Nuclei can be copious extragalactic emitters of MeV-GeV-TeV gamma rays, a phenomenon linked to the presence of relativistic jets powered by a super-massive black hole in the center of the host galaxy. Most of gamma-ray emitting active galactic nuclei, with more than 1500 known at GeV energies, and more than 60 at TeV energies, are called "blazars". The standard blazar paradigm features a jet of relativistic magnetized plasma ejected from the neighborhood of a spinning and accreting super-massive black hole, close to the observer direction. Two classes of blazars are distinguished from observations: the flat-spectrum radio-quasar class (FSRQ) is characterized by strong external radiation fields, emission of broad optical lines, and dust tori. The BL Lac class (from the name of one of its members, BL Lacertae) corresponds to weaker advection-dominated flows with gamma-ray spectra dominated by the inverse Compton effect on synchrotron photons. This paradigm has been very successful for modeling the broadband spectral energy distributions of blazars. However, many fundamental issues remain, including the role of hadronic processes and the rapid variability of those BL Lac objects whose synchrotron spectrum peaks at UV or X-ray frequencies. A class of gamma-ray--emitting radio galaxies, which are thought to be the misaligned counterparts of blazars, has emerged from the results of the Fermi-Large Area Telescope and of ground-based Cherenkov telescopes. Blazars and their misaligned ounterparts make up most of the >100 MeV extragalactic gamma ray background (EGB), and are uspected of being the sources of ultra-high energy cosmic rays. The future "Cherenkov Telescope Array", in synergy with the Fermi-Large Area Telescope and a wide range of telescopes in space and on he ground, will write the next chapter of blazar physics.
description: 27 pages, 28 figures, in a topical review on gamma-ray astronomy above 100 MeV, to be published in Comptes Rendus Physique de l'Acad\'emie des Sciences (CRAS)
Vanishing ranges for the mod $p$ cohomology of alternating subgroups of Coxeter groups
Creators: name: Akita, Toshiyuki
name: Liu, Ye
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We obtain vanishing ranges for the mod $p$ cohomology of alternating subgroups of finite $p$-free Coxeter groups. Here a Coxeter group $W$ is $p$-free if the order of the product $st$ is prime to $p$ for every pair of Coxeter generators $s,t$ of $W$. Our result generalizes those for alternating groups formerly proved by Kleshchev-Nakano and Burichenko. As a byproduct, we obtain vanishing ranges for the twisted cohomology of finite $p$-free Coxeter groups with coefficients in the sign representations. In addition, a weak version of the main result is proved for a certain class of infinite Coxeter groups.
The distinguishable-particle lattice model of glasses in three dimensions
Creators: name: Li, Bo
name: Lee, Chun-Shing
name: Gao, Xin-Yuan
name: Deng, Hai-Yao
name: Lam, Chi-Hang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of glassy states in realistic finite dimensions is still under fierce debate. Lattice models can offer valuable insights and facilitate deeper theoretical understanding. Recently, a disordered-interacting lattice model with distinguishable particles in two dimensions (2D) has been shown to produce a wide range of dynamical properties of structural glasses, including the slow and heterogeneous characteristics of the glassy dynamics, various fragility behaviors of glasses, and so on. These findings support the usefulness of this model for modeling structural glasses. An important question is whether such properties still hold in the more realistic three dimensions. In this study, we aim to extend the distinguishable-particle lattice model (DPLM) to three dimensions (3D) and explore the corresponding glassy dynamics. Through extensive kinetic Monte Carlo simulations, we found that the 3D DPLM exhibits many typical glassy behaviors, such as plateaus in the mean square displacement of particles and the self-intermediate scattering function, dynamic heterogeneity, variability of glass fragilities, and so on, validating the effectiveness of the DPLM in a broader realistic setting. The observed glassy behaviors of the 3D DPLM appear similar to those of its 2D counterpart, in accordance with recent findings in molecular models of glasses. We further investigate the role of void-induced motions in dynamical relaxations and discuss their relation to dynamic facilitation. As lattice models tend to keep the minimal but important modeling elements, they are typically much more amenable to analysis. Therefore, we envisage that the DPLM will benefit future theoretical developments, such as the configuration tree theory, towards a more comprehensive understanding of structural glasses.
Combination of two Gas Electron Multipliers and a Micromegas as gain elements for a time projection chamber
Creators: name: Aiola, S.
name: Ehlers, R. J.
name: Gu, S.
name: Harris, J. W.
name: Majka, R.
name: Mulligan, J. D.
name: Oliver, M.
name: Schambach, J.
name: Smirnov, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measured the properties of a novel combination of two Gas Electron Multipliers with a Micromegas for use as amplification devices in high-rate gaseous time projection chambers. The goal of this design is to minimize the buildup of space charge in the drift volume of such detectors in order to eliminate the standard gating grid and its resultant dead time, while preserving good tracking and particle identification performance. We measured the positive ion back-flow and energy resolution at various element gains and electric fields, using a variety of gases, and additionally studied crosstalk effects and discharge rates. At a gain of 2000, this configuration achieves an ion back-flow below 0.4% and an energy resolution better than $σ/\text{E}=12\%$ for $^{55}$Fe X-rays.
description: 22 Pages, 9 Figures. Submitted to Nuclear Instruments and Methods
1/N Perturbations in Superstring Bit Models
Creators: name: Thorn, Charles B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop the 1/N expansion for stable string bit models, focusing on a model with bit creation operators carrying only transverse spinor indices a=1,...,s. At leading order (1/N=0), this model produces a (discretized) lightcone string with a "transverse space' of $s$ Grassmann worldsheet fields. Higher orders in the 1/N expansion are shown to be determined by the overlap of a single large closed chain (discretized string) with two smaller closed chains. In the models studied here, the overlap is not accompanied with operator insertions at the break/join point. Then the requirement that the discretized overlap have a smooth continuum limit leads to the critical Grassmann "dimension" of s=24. This "protostring", a Grassmann analog of the bosonic string, is unusual, because it has no large transverse dimensions. It is a string moving in one space dimension and there are neither tachyons nor massless particles. The protostring, derived from our pure spinor string bit model, has 24 Grassmann dimensions, 16 of which could be bosonized to form 8 compactified bosonic dimensions, leaving 8 Grassmann dimensions--the worldsheet content of the superstring. If the transverse space of the protostring could be "decompactified", string bit models might provide an appealing and solid foundation for superstring theory.
description: 26 pages
Hypotheses for near-surface exchange of methane on Mars
Creators: name: Hu, Renyu
name: Bloom, A. Anthony
name: Gao, Peter
name: Miller, Charles E.
name: Yung, Yuk L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Curiosity rover recently detected a background of 0.7 ppb and spikes of 7 ppb of methane on Mars. This in situ measurement reorients our understanding of the Martian environment and its potential for life, as the current theories do not entail any geological source or sink of methane that varies sub-annually. In particular, the 10-fold elevation during the southern winter indicates episodic sources of methane that are yet to be discovered. Here we suggest a near-surface reservoir could explain this variability. Using the temperature and humidity measurements from the rover, we find that perchlorate salts in the regolith deliquesce to form liquid solutions, and deliquescence progresses to deeper subsurface in the season of the methane spikes. We therefore formulate the following three testable hypotheses. The first scenario is that the regolith in Gale Crater adsorbs methane when dry and releases this methane to the atmosphere upon deliquescence. The adsorption energy needs to be 36 kJ/mol to explain the magnitude of the methane spikes, higher than existing laboratory measurements. The second scenario is that microorganisms convert organic matter in the soil to methane when they are in liquid solutions. This scenario does not require regolith adsorption, but entails extant life on Mars. The third scenario is that deep subsurface aquifers produce the bursts of methane. Continued in situ measurements of methane and water, as well as laboratory studies of adsorption and deliquescence, will test these hypotheses and inform the existence of the near-surface reservoir and its exchange with the atmosphere.
description: Accepted for publication on Astrobiology