cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Back and Forth Nudging algorithm for data assimilation problems: theoretical results on transport equations
Creators: name: Auroux, Didier
name: Nodet, Maëlle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we consider the back and forth nudging algorithm that has been introduced for data assimilation purposes. It consists of iteratively and alternately solving forward and backward in time the model equation, with a feedback term to the observations. We consider the case of 1-dimensional transport equations, either viscous or inviscid, linear or not (Bürgers' equation). Our aim is to prove some theoretical results on the convergence, and convergence properties, of this algorithm. We show that for non viscous equations (both linear transport and Burgers), the convergence of the algorithm holds under observability conditions. Convergence can also be proven for viscous linear transport equations under some strong hypothesis, but not for viscous Burgers' equation. Moreover, the convergence rate is always exponential in time. We also notice that the forward and backward system of equations is well posed when no nudging term is considered.
„Weder dem Vergangenen anheimfallen noch dem Zukünftigen. Es kommt darauf an, ganz gegenwärtig zu sein“
Creators: name: Filk, Christian
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2012

description: Aufwachsen und Leben in der Wissensgesellschaft wird schon länger durch die Diskussion um ‚Informationsarme‘ und ‚Informationsreiche‘ begleitet. Jüngere wissenschaftliche Studien belegen das mangelnde oder gar nicht vorhandene Wissen zu wichtigen politischen, geschichtlichen und ethischen Themen wie Nationalsozialismus und Shoah. Christian Filk untersucht wesentliche Grundsätze moderner Geschichtsschreibung und den angemessenen Einsatz von Wissensmedien. Schliesslich erörtert er, wie elektronische, digitale und soziale Medien dazu beitragen können, mehr über den Genozid von etwa sechs Millionen europäischen Juden während des Zweitens Weltkriegs zu erfahren.
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 50 Nr. 1 (2012): 1/2012 - Repräsentation(en) der Shoah
title: Electromyography of scapular stabilizers in people without scapular dyskinesis during push-ups
title: a systematic review and meta-analysis
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Arghadeh, Ramin
name: Alizadeh, Mohammad Hossein
name: Minoonejad, Hooman
name: Sheikhhoseini, Rahman
name: Asgari, Mojtaba
name: Jaitner, Thomas
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Electromyography
subject: Scapular
subject: Dyskinesis
subject: Push-up
subject: Unstable surfaces
subject: 796
subject: Elektromyographie
subject: Schulterblatt |
subject: Dyskinesie |
subject: Liegestütz |

description: Background: Push-up (PU) is widely considered an effective exercise to stabilize the scapular, especially if performed on unstable surfaces. However, available studies cover a wide range of exercise variations and differ according to exercise prescription, muscle selection and study design. Therefore, findings are contradictory, and conclusions for a proper application of the PU are difficult to draw. Objective: To synthesize the available literature on the changes in the activity of the periscapular muscles in individuals without scapular dyskinesis while performing different types of PU on unstable surfaces. Search procedure: Four online databases were searched from the earliest publications to 9 August 2023, using predefined keywords. Out of the 2,850 potential references identified in the primary search, 92 studies were reviewed in detail, of which 38 met the inclusion criteria and were included. Methodological quality was evaluated using a standardized form based on the Newcastle‒Ottawa scale for observational studies. Data combination was performed using CMA (v3), and the random-effects model was used to calculate the standardized mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: The use of unstable surfaces in people without scapular dyskinesis led to increased activity of the upper trapezius during the PU (p = 0.017; I2 = 84.95%; SMD = 0.425 [95% CI 0.077, 0.773]) and knee PU (p = 0.023; I2 = 70.23%; SMD = 0.474 [95% CI 0.066, 0.882]) exercises and increased activity of the middle trapezius (MT) (p = 0.003; I2 = 64.50%; SMD = 0.672 [95% CI 0.225, 1.119]) and serratus anterior (SA) (p = 0.039; I2 = 4.25%; SMD = 0.216 [95% CI 0.011, 0.420]) muscles during the push-up plus (PUP) exercise. Conclusion: Using an unstable support base during PU does not necessarily increase the activity of all scapular stabilizers. The amount of muscle activity depends on the type of PU other than the type of support base. If an unstable surface is used, PUP exercise appears to be the most effective modality to increase the quality of training, improve performance, and prevent the occurrence of scapular dyskinesis due to the increase in the activity of the MT and SA muscles.
description: Frontiers in physiology;Vol. 14. 2023, Article-ID 1296279
Discrete differential geometry-based model for nonlinear analysis of axisymmetric shells
Creators: name: Huang, Weicheng
name: Liu, Tianzhen
name: Liu, Zhaowei
name: Xu, Peifei
name: Liu, Mingchao
name: Chen, Yuzhen
name: Hsia, K. Jimmy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we propose a novel one-dimensional (1D) discrete differential geometry (DDG)-based numerical method for geometrically nonlinear mechanics analysis (e.g., buckling and snapping) of axisymmetric shell structures. Our numerical model leverages differential geometry principles to accurately capture the complex nonlinear deformation patterns exhibited by axisymmetric shells. By discretizing the axisymmetric shell into interconnected 1D elements along the meridional direction, the in-plane stretching and out-of-bending potentials are formulated based on the geometric principles of 1D nodes and edges under the Kirchhoff-Love hypothesis, and elastic force vector and associated Hession matrix required by equations of motion are later derived based on symbolic calculation. Through extensive validation with available theoretical solutions and finite element method (FEM) simulations in literature, our model demonstrates high accuracy in predicting the nonlinear behavior of axisymmetric shells. Importantly, compared to the classical theoretical model and three-dimensional (3D) FEM simulation, our model is highly computationally efficient, making it suitable for large-scale real-time simulations of nonlinear problems of shell structures such as instability and snap-through phenomena. Moreover, our framework can easily incorporate complex loading conditions, e.g., boundary nonlinear contact and multi-physics actuation, which play an essential role in the use of engineering applications, such as soft robots and flexible devices. This study demonstrates that the simplicity and effectiveness of the 1D discrete differential geometry-based approach render it a powerful tool for engineers and researchers interested in nonlinear mechanics analysis of axisymmetric shells, with potential applications in various engineering fields.
description: 36 pages, 11 figures
Editorial 02/2012: Biomacht, Biopolitik, Biomedien
Creators: name: Barberi, Alessandro
name: Sützl, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2012

description: Editorial 02/2012
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 50 Nr. 2 (2012): 2/2012 - Biomacht, Biopolitik, Biomedien
The performance of IHEP-NDL LGAD sensors after neutron irradiation
Creators: name: Li, Mengzhao
name: Fan, Yunyun
name: Liu, Bo
name: Cui, Han
name: Jia, Xuewei
name: Li, Shuqi
name: Yu, Chengjun
name: Yang, Xuan
name: Wang, Wei
name: Zhai, Mingjie
name: Yang, Tao
name: Wu, Kewei
name: Tan, Yuhang
name: Xiao, Suyu
name: Zhao, Mei
name: Shi, Xin
name: Liang, Zhijun
name: Heng, Yuekun
name: da Costa, Joao Guimaraes
name: Zhang, Xingan
name: Han, Dejun
name: Howard, Alissa
name: Kramberger, Gregor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The performances of Low Gain Avalanche diode (LGAD) sensors from a neutron irradiation campaign with fluences of 0.8 x 10^15, 15 x 10^15 and 2.5 x 10^15 neq/cm2 are reported in this article. These LGAD sensors are developed by the Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Novel Device Laboratory for the High Granularity Timing Detector of the High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider. The timing resolution and collected charge of the LGAD sensors were measured with electrons from a beta source. After irradiation with a fluence of 2.5 x 10^15 neq/cm2, the collected charge decreases from 40 fC to 7 fC, the signal-to-noise ratio deteriorates from 48 to 12, and the timing resolution increases from 29 ps to 39 ps.
The muon charge ratio in cosmic ray air showers
Creators: name: Rebel, H.
name: Sima, O.
name: Haungs, A.
name: Manailescu, C.
name: Mitrica, B.
name: Morariu, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The muon charge ratio of the lateral muon density distributions in single EAS is studied by simulations, in context of recent proposals to measure this observable in coincidence with EAS observations. While effects of the hadronic interaction do not lead to significant differences of the total muon plus and muon minus content, the differences of the azimuthal variation of the muon densities of opposite charges and the azimuthal variation of the muon charge ratio appear to be very much pronounced, dependent on the direction of EAS incidence. This is due to the influence of the geomagnetic field which induces related effects in radio emission from extended air showers.
description: accepted for publication in Journal of Physics G
Unsupervised Proxy Selection for Session-based Recommender Systems
Creators: name: Cho, Junsu
name: Kang, SeongKu
name: Hyun, Dongmin
name: Yu, Hwanjo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Session-based Recommender Systems (SRSs) have been actively developed to recommend the next item of an anonymous short item sequence (i.e., session). Unlike sequence-aware recommender systems where the whole interaction sequence of each user can be used to model both the short-term interest and the general interest of the user, the absence of user-dependent information in SRSs makes it difficult to directly derive the user's general interest from data. Therefore, existing SRSs have focused on how to effectively model the information about short-term interest within the sessions, but they are insufficient to capture the general interest of users. To this end, we propose a novel framework to overcome the limitation of SRSs, named ProxySR, which imitates the missing information in SRSs (i.e., general interest of users) by modeling proxies of sessions. ProxySR selects a proxy for the input session in an unsupervised manner, and combines it with the encoded short-term interest of the session. As a proxy is jointly learned with the short-term interest and selected by multiple sessions, a proxy learns to play the role of the general interest of a user and ProxySR learns how to select a suitable proxy for an input session. Moreover, we propose another real-world situation of SRSs where a few users are logged-in and leave their identifiers in sessions, and a revision of ProxySR for the situation. Our experiments on real-world datasets show that ProxySR considerably outperforms the state-of-the-art competitors, and the proxies successfully imitate the general interest of the users without any user-dependent information.
description: Accepted to SIGIR 2021
Mácajová and Škoviera Conjecture on Cubic Graphs
Creators: name: Fouquet, Jean-Luc
name: Vanherpe, Jean-Marie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A conjecture of Máucajová and uSkoviera asserts that every bridgeless cubic graph has two perfect matchings whose intersection does not contain any odd edge cut. We prove this conjecture for graphs with few vertices and we give a stronger result for traceable graphs.
Formation of water and methanol in star forming molecular clouds
Creators: name: Das, Ankan
name: Acharyya, Kinsuk
name: Chakrabarti, Sonali
name: Chakrabarti, Sandip Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the formation of water and methanol in the dense cloud conditions to find the dependence of its production rate on the binding energies, reaction mechanisms, temperatures, and grain site number. We wish to find the effective grain surface area available for chemical reaction and the effective recombination timescales as functions of grain and gas parameters. We used a Monte Carlo simulation to follow the chemical processes occurring on the grain surface. We find that the formation rate of various molecules is strongly dependent on the binding energies. When the binding energies are high, it is very difficult to produce significant amounts of the molecular species. Instead, the grain is found to be full of atomic species. The production rates are found to depend on the number density in the gas phase. We show that the concept of the effective grain surface area, which we introduced in our earlier work, plays a significant role in grain chemistry. We compute the abundance of water and methanol and show that the results strongly depend on the density and composition in the gas phase, as well as various grain parameters. In the rate equation, it is generally assumed that the recombination efficiencies are independent of the grain parameters, and the surface coverage. Presently, our computed parameter $α$ for each product is found to depend on the accretion rate, the grain parameters and the surface coverage of the grain. We compare our results obtained from the rate equation and the one from the effective rate equation, which includes $α$. At the end we compare our results with the observed abundances.
description: 12 pages, 16 figures in eps format
Structure, stability and optical absorption spectra of small Ti$_n$C$_x$ clusters: a first-principles approach
Creators: name: Gámez-Valenzuela, Sergio
name: Alonso, Julio A.
name: Santoro, Gonzalo
name: Martínez, José I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Titanium-carbide molecular clusters are thought to form in the circumstellar envelopes (CSEs) of carbon-rich Asymptotic Giant Branch stars (AGBs) but, to date, their detection has remained elusive. To facilitate the astrophysical identification of those clusters in AGBs and post-AGBs environments, the molecular structures and optical absorption spectra of small Ti$_n$C$_x$ clusters, with n = 1-4 and x = 1-4, and some selected larger clusters, Ti$_3$C$_8$, Ti$_4$C$_8$, Ti$_6$C$_{13}$, Ti$_7$C$_{13}$, Ti$_8$C$_{12}$, Ti$_9$C$_{15}$, and Ti$_{13}$C$_{22}$, have been calculated. The density functional formalism, within the B3LYP approximation for electronic exchange and correlation, was used to find the lowest energy structures. Except the clusters having a single Ti atom, the rest exhibit three-dimensional structures. Those are formed by a Ti fragment surrounded in general by carbon dimers. The optical spectra of Ti$_n$C$_x$, computed by time-dependent density functional theory, using the corrected CAM-B3LYP functional, show absorption features in the visible and near infrared regions which may help in the identification of these clusters in space. In addition, most of the clusters have sizable electric dipole moments, allowing their detection by radioastronomical observations.
Spectral evidence for jets from Accreting Millisecond X-ray Pulsars
Creators: name: Russell, David M.
name: Fender, Rob P.
name: Jonker, Peter
name: Maitra, Dipankar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transient radio emission from X-ray binaries is associated with synchrotron emission from collimated jets that escape the system, and accreting millisecond X-ray pulsars (AMXPs) are no exception. Although jets from black hole X-ray binaries are well-studied, those from neutron star systems appear much fainter, for reasons yet uncertain. Jets are usually undetectable at higher frequencies because of the relative brightness of other components such as the accretion disc. AMXPs generally have small orbital separations compared with other X-ray binaries and as such their discs are relatively faint. Here, I present data that imply jets in fact dominate the radio-to-optical spectrum of outbursting AMXPs. They therefore may provide the best opportunity to study the behaviour of jets produced by accreting neutron stars, and compare them to those produced by black hole systems.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, to appear in the proceedings of "A Decade of Accreting Millisecond X-ray Pulsars", Amsterdam, April 2008, eds. R. Wijnands et al. (AIP Conf. Proc.)
„Der Mensch ist größer und kleiner als er selbst“
Creators: name: Filk, Christian
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2012

description: Das Anders’sche Diktum „Künstlichkeit ist die Natur des Menschen und sein Wesen ist Unbeständigkeit“ erweist sich als konstruktives Movens einer geschichtlichen Vergegenwärtigung medienphilosophischen Denkens im Rahmen der Genealogie seiner ‚Negativen Anthropologie‘. Der Essay von Christian Filk rekonstruiert, wie sich Günther Anders’ Gedankengut angesichts soziotechnischer bzw. medienepistemischer Inversionen und Umwälzungen bzw. Verkehrungen von Mensch und (Medien-)Technik zu einer Philosophie der Antiquiertheit des Menschen im technisch-medialen Zeitalter transformiert.
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 50 Nr. 2 (2012): 2/2012 - Biomacht, Biopolitik, Biomedien
The Affective turn, or Getting Under the Skin Nerves: Revisiting Stelarc
Creators: name: Jagodzinski, Jan
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2012

description: Jan Jagodzinski konzentriert sich dabei auf das 0,3-Sekunden-Intervall, das aus neurowissenschaftlicher Sicht zwischen einer Empfindung auf der Haut und deren Wahrnehmung durch das Gehirn verstreicht. Dieses Intervall wird derzeit in der Biokunst durch neue Medientechnologien erkundet. Der bekannte Performance-Künstler Stelarc steht beispielhaft für diese Erkundungen. Am Ende des Beitrags erfolgt eine kurze Reflexion über die Bedeutung dieser Arbeiten für die Medienpädagogik.
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 50 Nr. 2 (2012): 2/2012 - Biomacht, Biopolitik, Biomedien
Settima giornata di studio Ettore Funaioli, 19 luglio 2013
Creators: name: Meneghetti, Umberto
name: Maggiore, Alberto
name: Parenti Castelli, Vincenzo
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: ING-IND/13 Meccanica applicata alle macchine

description: In questo volume sono raccolte le memorie presentate in occasione della “Settima Giornata di Studio Ettore Funaioli”, che si è svolta il 19 luglio 2013 presso la Scuola di Ingegneria e Architettura dell’Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna.
La Giornata è stata organizzata dagli ex allievi del Prof. Ettore Funaioli con la collaborazione del DIN – Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale e della Scuola di Ingegneria e Architettura dell’Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna, e con il patrocinio dell’Accademia delle Scienze dell’Istituto di Bologna e del GMA – Gruppo di Meccanica Applicata.
Superconductivity and Mottness in Organic Charge Transfer Materials
Creators: name: Menke, Henri
name: Klett, Marcel
name: Kanoda, Kazushi
name: Georges, Antoine
name: Ferrero, Michel
name: Schäfer, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phase diagrams of quasi two-dimensional organic superconductors display a plethora of fundamental phenomena associated with strong electron correlations, such as unconventional superconductivity, metal-insulator transitions, frustrated magnetism and spin liquid behavior. We analyze a minimal model for these compounds, the Hubbard model on an anisotropic triangular lattice, using cutting-edge quantum embedding methods respecting the lattice symmetry. We demonstrate the existence of unconventional superconductivity by directly entering the symmetry-broken phase. We show that the crossover from the Fermi liquid metal to the Mott insulator is associated with the formation of a pseudogap. The predicted momentum-selective destruction of the Fermi surface into hot and cold regions provides motivation for further spectroscopic studies. Our results are in remarkable agreement with experimental phase diagrams of $κ$-BEDT organics.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures; Supplemental Material: 8 pages, 10 figures
Search for the MSSM Neutral Higgs Boson in the mu+mu- final state with the CMS experiment at LHC
Creators: name: Primavera, Federica <1985>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: FIS/02 Fisica teorica, modelli e metodi matematici

description: In this thesis, my work in the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment on the search for the neutral Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) Higgs decaying into two muons is presented. The search is performed on the full data collected during the years 2011 and 2012 by CMS in proton-proton collisions at CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). 
The MSSM is explored within the most conservative benchmark scenario, m_h^{max}, and within its modified versions, m_h^{mod +} and m_h^{mod -}. 
The search is sensitive to MSSM Higgs boson production in association with a b\bar{b} quark pair and to the gluon-gluon fusion process.
In the m_h^{max} scenario, the results exclude values of tanB larger than 15 in the m_A range 115-200 GeV, and values of tanB greater than 30 in the m_A range up to 300 GeV. There are no significant differences in the results obtained within the three different scenarios considered. Comparisons with other neutral MSSM Higgs searches are shown.
Transient quasi-periodic oscillations in the gamma-ray light curves of bright blazars
Creators: name: Chen, Junping
name: Yu, Jinjie
name: Huang, Weitian
name: Ding, Nan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transient quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) are extremely interesting observational phenomena. However, the precise physical mechanisms leading to their generation are still hotly debated. We performed a systematic search for transient QPO signals using Weighted Wavelet Z-transforms on the gamma-ray light curves of 134 bright blazars with peak flux exceeding $1\times10^{-6}$~ph~cm$^{-2}$~s$^{-1}$ as monitored by Fermi-LAT. Artificial light curves were generated from the power spectral density and probability distribution functions of the original light curves to assess the significance level of transient QPO. We discuss several physical mechanisms that produce transient QPOs, with the helical jet model providing the best explanation. This study identified four new transient QPO events. Interestingly, repetitive transient QPOs are observed in PKS 0537-441, and nested transient QPOs are detected in PKS 1424-41. Additionally, we find that transient QPOs tend to occur in the flare state of the blazar. Finally, we estimate the incidence of transient QPO events to be only about 3\%.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables, 1 appendix, upper review, comments welcome
On the empirical evidence for the existence of ultra-massive white dwarfs
Creators: name: Vennes, S.
name: Kawka, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We re-examine the evidence for the existence of ultra-massive (M > 1.1 M_sun) white dwarfs based on gravitational redshift of white dwarfs in common proper motion binaries or in clusters, on parallax measurements, on orbital solutions, and, finally, on the analysis of hydrogen line profiles. We conclude that the best evidence is largely based on the analysis of Balmer line profiles although the companion to the A8V star HR 8210 is a compelling case made initially using the large binary mass function and confirmed by an analysis of the Lyman line spectrum. The confirmation and identification of high-mass white dwarfs, more particularly non-DA white dwarfs, using parallax measurements may prove critical in establishing the population fraction of these objects and in constraining the high-end of empirical initial-mass to final-mass relations. The existence of a substantial population of ultra-massive white dwarfs supports the concept of a steeper initial-mass to final-mass relations linking 6 M_sun progenitors with approximately greater than 1.1 M_sun white dwarfs.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS (with an updated discussion on GD362)
Population Synthesis of Black Hole Binaries with Compact Star Companions
Creators: name: Shao, Yong
name: Li, Xiang-Dong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a systematic study of merging black hole (BH) binaries with compact star (CS) companions, including black hole--white dwarf (BH--WD), black hole--neutron star (BH--NS) and black hole--black hole (BH--BH) systems. Previous studies have shown that mass transfer stability and common envelope evolution can significantly affect the formation of merging BH--CS binaries through isolated binary evolution. With detailed binary evolution simulations, we obtain easy-to-use criteria for the occurrence of the common envelope phase in mass-transferring BH binaries with a nondegenerate donor, and incorporate into population synthesis calculations. To explore the impact of possible mass gap between NSs and BHs on the properties of merging BH--CS binary population, we adopt different supernova mechanisms involving the \textit{rapid}, \textit{delayed} and \textit{stochastic} prescriptions to deal with the compact remnant masses and the natal kicks. Our calculations show that there are $ \sim 10^{5} -10^{6}$ BH--CS binaries in the Milky Way, among which dozens are observable by future space-based gravitational wave detectors. We estimate that the local merger rate density of all BH--CS systems is $ \sim 60-200 \,\rm Gpc^{-3}yr^{-1}$. While there are no low-mass BHs formed via \textit{rapid} supernovae, both \textit{delayed} and \textit{stochastic} prescriptions predict that $ \sim 100\% $/$ \sim 70\% $/$ \sim 30\% $ of merging BH--WD/BH--NS/BH--BH binaries are likely to have BH components within the mass gap.
description: 21 pages, 12 figures, 1 table, submitted to ApJ after incorporating referee's comments
Scaling of 1/f noise in tunable break-junctions
Creators: name: Wu, ZhengMing
name: Wu, SongMei
name: Oberholzer, S.
name: Steinacher, M.
name: Calame, M.
name: Schönenberger, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the $1/f$ voltage noise of gold nano-contacts in electromigrated and mechanically controlled break-junctions having resistance values $R$ that can be tuned from 10 $Ω$ (many channels) to 10 k$Ω$ (single atom contact). The noise is caused by resistance fluctuations as evidenced by the $S_V\propto V^2$ dependence of the power spectral density $S_V$ on the applied DC voltage $V$. As a function of $R$ the normalized noise $S_V/V^2$ shows a pronounced cross-over from $\propto R^3$ for low-ohmic junctions to $\propto R^{1.5}$ for high-ohmic ones. The measured powers of 3 and 1.5 are in agreement with $1/f$-noise generated in the bulk and reflect the transition from diffusive to ballistic transport.
Nucleon sigma term and strange quark content from lattice QCD with exact chiral symmetry
Creators: name: Ohki, H.
name: Fukaya, H.
name: Hashimoto, S.
name: Kaneko, T.
name: Matsufuru, H.
name: Noaki, J.
name: Onogi, T.
name: Shintani, E.
name: Yamada, N.
name: Collaboration, for JLQCD
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the nucleon sigma term in two-flavor lattice QCD utilizing the Feynman-Hellman theorem. Both sea and valence quarks are described by the overlap fermion formulation, which preserves exact chiral and flavor symmetries on the lattice. We analyse the lattice data for the nucleon mass using the analytical formulae derived from the baryon chiral perturbation theory. From the data at valence quark mass set different from sea quark mass, we may extract the sea quark contribution to the sigma term, which corresponds to the strange quark content. We find that the strange quark content is much smaller than the previous lattice calculations and phenomenological estimates.
description: 27 pages
Bulk viscosity in quasi particle models
Creators: name: Sasaki, C.
name: Redlich, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss transport properties of dynamical fluid composed of quasi-particles whose masses depend on temperature and charge chemical potentials. Based on the relativistic kinetic theory formulated under the relaxation time approximation, we derive a general expression for the bulk viscosity in the quasi-particle medium. We show that dynamically generated particle masses imply an essential modification of the fluid compressibility. As an application of our results we consider a class of quasi-particle models with the chiral phase transition belonging to O(4) and Z(2) universality class. Based on the Ginzburg-Landau and the scaling theory we study the critical properties of the bulk viscosity zeta near the phase transition. We show that under the relaxation time approximation the zeta is not expected to show singular behavior near the O(4) and Z(2) critical point through static critical exponents.
description: 6 pages, version accepted for publication in Physical Review C
zkLogin: Privacy-Preserving Blockchain Authentication with Existing Credentials
Creators: name: Baldimtsi, Foteini
name: Chalkias, Konstantinos Kryptos
name: Ji, Yan
name: Lindstrøm, Jonas
name: Maram, Deepak
name: Riva, Ben
name: Roy, Arnab
name: Sedaghat, Mahdi
name: Wang, Joy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For many users, a private key based wallet serves as the primary entry point to blockchains. Commonly recommended wallet authentication methods, such as mnemonics or hardware wallets, can be cumbersome. This difficulty in user onboarding has significantly hindered the adoption of blockchain-based applications.
 We develop zkLogin, a novel technique that leverages identity tokens issued by popular platforms (any OpenID Connect enabled platform e.g., Google, Facebook, etc.) to authenticate transactions. At the heart of zkLogin lies a signature scheme allowing the signer to sign using their existing OpenID accounts and nothing else. This improves the user experience significantly as users do not need to remember a new secret and can reuse their existing accounts.
 zkLogin provides strong security and privacy guarantees. Unlike prior works, zkLogin's security relies solely on the underlying platform's authentication mechanism without the need for any additional trusted parties (e.g., trusted hardware or oracles). As the name suggests, zkLogin leverages zero-knowledge proofs (ZKP) to ensure that the sensitive link between a user's off-chain and on-chain identities is hidden, even from the platform itself.
 zkLogin enables a number of important applications outside blockchains. It allows billions of users to produce \textit{verifiable digital content leveraging their existing digital identities}, e.g., email address. For example, a journalist can use zkLogin to sign a news article with their email address, allowing verification of the article's authorship by any party.
 We have implemented and deployed zkLogin on the Sui blockchain as an additional alternative to traditional digital signature-based addresses.
description: Full version of the CCS paper
Estimates for parameters and characteristics of the confining SU(3)-gluonic field in the ground state of toponium: Relativistic and nonrelativistic approaches
Creators: name: Goncharov, Yu. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The confinement mechanism earlier proposed by author is applied to describe the (possible) ground state of toponium $η_t$. For this aim the nonperturbative consistent approach is elaborated in both relativistic and nonrelativistic cases. The study entails estimates for parameters of the confining SU(3)-gluonic field in the above quarkonium, those estimates being also consistent with possible width of decay $η_t\to2γ$. The corresponding estimates of the gluon concentrations, electric and magnetic colour field strengths are also adduced for the mentioned field at the scales of toponium.
description: 28 pages, LaTeX
Off-stoichiometric effect on magnetic and electron transport properties of Fe$_2$VAl$_{1.35}$ in respect to Ni$_2$VAl; Comparative study
Creators: name: Ślebarski, Andrzej
name: Fijałkowski, Marcin
name: Deniszczyk, Józef
name: Maśka, Maciej M.
name: Kaczorowski, Dariusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirm that the structurally ordered Fe$_2$VAl Heusler alloy is nonmagnetic narrow-gap semiconductor. This compound is apt to form various disordered modifications with high concentration of antisite defects. We study the effect of structural disorder on the electronic structure, magnetic, and electronic transport properties of the full Heusler alloy Fe$_2$VAl and its off-stoichiometric equivalent Fe$_2$VAl$_{1.35}$. Data analysis in relation to {\it ab initio} calculations indicates an appearance of antisite disorder mainly due to Fe--V and Fe--Al stoichiometric variations. The data for weakly magnetic Fe$_2$VAl$_{1.35}$ are discussed in respect to Ni$_2$VAl. Fe$_2$VAl$_{1.35}$ can be classified as a nearly ferromagnetic metal with a pronounced spin glassy contribution, which, however, does not give a predominant effect on its thermoelectric properties. The figure of merit $ZT$ is at 300 K about 0.05 for the Fe sample and 0.02 for Ni one, respectively. However, it is documented that the narrow $d$ band resulting from Fe/V site exchange can be responsible for the unusual temperature dependencies of the physical properties of the Fe2TiAl$_{1.35}$ alloy, characteristic of strongly correlated electron systems. As an example, the magnetic susceptibility of Fe$_2$VAl$_{1.35}$ exhibits singularity characteristic of a Griffiths phase, appearing as an inhomogeneous electronic state below $T_G\sim 200$ K. We also performed numerical analysis which supports the Griffiths phase scenario.
description: 19 pages, 22 figures
Fast Semisupervised Unmixing Using Nonconvex Optimization
Creators: name: Rasti, Behnood
name: Zouaoui, Alexandre
name: Mairal, Julien
name: Chanussot, Jocelyn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, we introduce a novel linear model tailored for semisupervised/library-based unmixing. Our model incorporates considerations for library mismatch while enabling the enforcement of the abundance sum-to-one constraint (ASC). Unlike conventional sparse unmixing methods, this model involves nonconvex optimization, presenting significant computational challenges. We demonstrate the efficacy of Alternating Methods of Multipliers (ADMM) in cyclically solving these intricate problems. We propose two semisupervised unmixing approaches, each relying on distinct priors applied to the new model in addition to the ASC: sparsity prior and convexity constraint. Our experimental results validate that enforcing the convexity constraint outperforms the sparsity prior for the endmember library. These results are corroborated across three simulated datasets (accounting for spectral variability and varying pixel purity levels) and the Cuprite dataset. Additionally, our comparison with conventional sparse unmixing methods showcases considerable advantages of our proposed model, which entails nonconvex optimization. Notably, our implementations of the proposed algorithms-fast semisupervised unmixing (FaSUn) and sparse unmixing using soft-shrinkage (SUnS)-prove considerably more efficient than traditional sparse unmixing methods. SUnS and FaSUn were implemented using PyTorch and provided in a dedicated Python package called Fast Semisupervised Unmixing (FUnmix), which is open-source and available at https://github.com/BehnoodRasti/FUnmix
Magnetized orbifold models
Creators: name: Abe, Hiroyuki
name: Kobayashi, Tatsuo
name: Ohki, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study (4+2n)-dimensional N=1 super Yang-Mills theory on the orbifold background with non-vanishing magnetic flux. In particular, we study zero-modes of spinor fields. The flavor structure of our models is different from one in magnetized torus models, and would be interesting in realistic model building.
description: 26 pages
Körperdiskurse: Mediale Fantasmen des Postbiologischen
Creators: name: Missomelius, Petra
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2012

description: Vorstellungen vom postbiologischen Körper reichen bis hin zu Fantasmen, die den Menschen durch technische Schöpfungen verbessern, upgraden oder gar ersetzen wollen … Petra Missomelius untersucht diese Biopolitik anhand von Maschinenmenschen, digitalen Gestalten und filmischen Visionen. Dabei betont sie, das Körperbilder von Medien transportiert werden und gleichzeitig in kulturelle und gesellschaftliche Kontexte eingebunden sind. Körperkonzepte und Körperpraktiken werden so auf die Phänomene der Identität und der Subjektivierung bezogen und u. a. in ihren filmischen Repräsentationen untersucht. Der Artikel betont abschließend, dass für die Medienbildung die medial geprägte Wesensbestimmung des Menschen ein zentrales Thema darstellt.
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 50 Nr. 2 (2012): 2/2012 - Biomacht, Biopolitik, Biomedien
Quantum States and Measures on the Spectral Presheaf
Creators: name: Doering, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After a brief introduction to the spectral presheaf, which serves as an analogue of state space in the topos approach to quantum theory, we show that every state of the von Neumann algebra of physical quantities of a quantum system determines a certain measure on the spectral presheaf of the system. The so-called clopen subobjects of the spectral presheaf play the role of measurable sets. Measures on the spectral presheaf can be characterised abstractly, and the main result is that every abstract measure induces a unique state of the von Neumann algebra. Finally, we show how quantum-theoretical expectation values can be calculated from measures associated to quantum states.
description: 13 pages, no figures; invited contribution for Special Issue of Adv. Sci. Lett. on "Quantum Gravity, Cosmology and Black Holes", ed. M. Bojowald
Aktive Medienarbeit - Medien selber gestalten mit der MEDIENWERKSTATT
Creators: name: Unterkofler, Hans-Jörg
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2012

description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 50 Nr. 2 (2012): 2/2012 - Biomacht, Biopolitik, Biomedien
Radio als Lernform der Neuen Mittelschule
Creators: name: Kolleritsch, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2012

description: Die Neue Mittelschule soll durch eine Vielfalt an abwechslungsreichen Lernangeboten den unterschiedlichen Begabungen und Interessen sowie Potentialen und Stärken aller Kinder gerecht werden. Eines dieser Angebote ist radioigel .
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 50 Nr. 2 (2012): 2/2012 - Biomacht, Biopolitik, Biomedien
Das Liegenschaftskataster in der Flächenstatistik
Creators: name: Heitmann, Stephan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Präsentation des Ministerium des Innern des Landes NRW anlässlich des ersten Begleitkreises des UBA-Projektes "Konsistenz und Aussagefähigkeit von Flächendaten".
Ab initio Derivation of Low-energy Model for Iron-Based Superconductors LaFeAsO and LaFePO
Creators: name: Nakamura, Kazuma
name: Arita, Ryotaro
name: Imada, Masatoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Effective Hamiltonians for LaFeAsO and LaFePO are derived from the downfolding scheme based on first-principles calculations and provide insights for newly discovered superconductivity in the family of LnFeAsO$_{1-x}$F$_x$, Ln = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, and Gd. Extended Hubbard Hamiltonians for five maximally localized Wannier orbitals per Fe are constructed dominantly from five-fold degenerate iron-3$d$ bands. They contain parameters for effective Coulomb and exchange interactions screened by the polarization of other electrons away from the Fermi level. The onsite Coulomb interaction estimated as 2.2-3.3 eV is compared with the transfer integrals between the nearest-neighbor Fe-3$d$ Wannier orbitals, 0.2-0.3 eV, indicating moderately strong electron correlation. The Hund's rule coupling is found to be 0.3-0.6 eV. The derived model offers a firm basis for further studies on physics of this family of materials. The effective models for As and P compounds turn out to have very similar screened interactions with slightly narrower bandwidth for the As compound.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, 1 table; to appear in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. Vol. 77 No.9: Revised version contains corrected table values and discussions of quantitative accuracy of constrained random-phase approximation
Bootstrap confidence intervals for conditional density function in Markov processes
Creators: name: Barbeito, Inés
name: Cao, Ricardo
name: Politis, Dimitris
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Bootstrap confidence intervals for the conditional density function in Markov processes are established. For this purpose, recent bootstrap algorithms constructed for prediction intervals are reviewed and extended to this context. These methods are: model-free bootstrap, predictive model-free, limit model-free, bootstrap for nonparametric autoregressive models with predictive and fitted residuals, local bootstrap and bootstrap based on estimates of the transition density. However, in order to achieve a good coverage probability, the choice of an appropriate smoothing parameter for conditional density estimation turns out to be of utmost importance. In this sense, cross validation and plug-in bandwidth parameter selectors are considered, as well as a deterministic one. An extensive simulation study is carried out to show the empirical behavior of these methods and to compare them. Finally, the methods are illustrated by applying them to a real data set.
title: Process Mining for Unstructured Data: Challenges and Research Directions
Creators: name: Agnes, Koschmider
name: Milda, Aleknonytė-Resch
name: Frederik, Fonger
name: Christian, Imenkamp
name: Arvid, Lepsien
name: Kaan, Apaydin
name: Dominik, Janssen
name: Dominic, Langhammer
name: Tobias, Ziolkowski
name: Yorck, Zisgen
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Process Mining
subject: Unstructured Data
subject: Challenges
subject: Directions

description: The application of process mining for unstructured data might significantly elevate novel insights into disciplines where unstructured data is a common data format. To efficiently analyze unstructured data by process mining and to convey confidence into the analysis result, requires bridging multiple challenges. The purpose of this paper is to discuss these challenges, present initial solutions and describe future research directions. We hope that this article lays the foundations for future collaboration on this topic.
Learning Stochastic Optimal Policies via Gradient Descent
Creators: name: Massaroli, Stefano
name: Poli, Michael
name: Peluchetti, Stefano
name: Park, Jinkyoo
name: Yamashita, Atsushi
name: Asama, Hajime
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We systematically develop a learning-based treatment of stochastic optimal control (SOC), relying on direct optimization of parametric control policies. We propose a derivation of adjoint sensitivity results for stochastic differential equations through direct application of variational calculus. Then, given an objective function for a predetermined task specifying the desiderata for the controller, we optimize their parameters via iterative gradient descent methods. In doing so, we extend the range of applicability of classical SOC techniques, often requiring strict assumptions on the functional form of system and control. We verify the performance of the proposed approach on a continuous-time, finite horizon portfolio optimization with proportional transaction costs.