cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Modeling phonological interactions using recursive schemes
Creators: name: Oakden, Christopher Donal
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2021

description: This dissertation pursues a computational theory of phonological process interactions whereby individual processes are formalized as input-output mappings (i.e. functions), and interactions are the combinations of those functions using a set of two operators: one previously defined in the literature and another defined in this dissertation. Building on hypotheses regarding the computational complexity of phonological processes in isolation (Heinz and Lai, 2013), the primary novel contribution of this dissertation is to extend these insights to interactions within larger phonological grammars, but in a systematic way. Specifically, it shows that the subsequential class of functions, sufficient to describe a great majority of phonological generalizations in isolation, also provides a well-motivated upper bound on the complexity of phonological interactions. Analyses developed in this work offer a straightforward solution to a number of outstanding cases of interactions in the Chinese tone sandhi literature. Crucially, this includes sandhi paradigms for which traditional generative phonological theories (rule-based SPE (Chomsky and Halle, 1968) and Optimality Theory (Prince and Smolensky, 2004)) fail to account. Thus this novel approach permits an explicit, restrictive theory of phonological interactions whose predictions more closely align with attested data.The formal apparatus for defining functions and operators used in this work is boolean monadic recursive schemes (BMRS; Bhaskar et al., 2020; Chandlee and Jardine, 2020). BMRS are a logical formalism rooted in theoretical computer science, and have been recently applied to computational analyses of phonology. Thus another important contribution of this dissertation is that it represents the first major work using BMRS to explore a specific type of linguistic phenomenon. In addition to demonstrating its application to specific tone sandhi paradigms, this study identifies advantages to BMRS in modeling interactions more generally, especially in comparison to other computational formalisms. The dissertation also leverages the phenomenon-independent nature of this logical formalism by applying BMRS to questions of phonological representation. Specifically, it is shown how operations over BMRS contribute to recent computational work using model theory and logic to explore notational equivalence across representational theories (Strother-Garcia and Heinz, 2015; Danis and Jardine, 2019; Oakden, 2020).
Constraints on the time-scale of nuclear breakup from thermal hard-photon emission
Creators: name: Ortega, R.
name: d'Enterria, D.
name: Martinez, G.
name: Baiborodin, D.
name: Delagrange, H.
name: Diaz, J.
name: Fernandez, F.
name: Loehner, H.
name: Matulewicz, T.
name: Ostendorf, R. W.
name: Schadmand, S.
name: Schutz, Y.
name: Tlusty, P.
name: Turrisi, R.
name: Wagner, V.
name: Wilschut, H. W.
name: Yahlali, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measured hard photon multiplicities from second-chance nucleon-nucleon collisions are used in combination with a kinetic thermal model, to estimate the break-up times of excited nuclear systems produced in nucleus-nucleus reactions at intermediate energies. The obtained nuclear break-up time for the $^{129}${Xe} + $^{nat}${Sn} reaction at 50{\it A} MeV is $Δ$$τ$ $\approx$ 100 -- 300 fm/$c$ for all reaction centralities. The lifetime of the radiating sources produced in seven other different heavy-ion reactions studied by the TAPS experiment are consistent with $Δ$$τ$ $\approx$ 100 fm/$c$, such relatively long thermal photon emission times do not support the interpretation of nuclear breakup as due to a fast spinodal process for the heavy nuclear systems studied.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures, submitted to EPJA
FPGA routing structures : a novel switch block and depopulated interconnect matrix architectures
Creators: name: Masud, Muhammad Imran
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are integrated circuits which can be programmed to implement virtually any digital circuit. This programmability provides a low-risk, low-turnaround time option for implementing digital circuits. This programmability comes at a cost, however. Typically, circuits implemented on FPGAs are three times as slow and have only one tenth the density of circuits implemented using more conventional techniques. Much of this area and speed penalty is due to the programmable routing structures contained in the FPGA. By optimizing these routing structures, significant performance and density improvements are possible. In this thesis, we focus on the optimization of two of these routing structures. First, we focus on a switch block, which is a programmable switch connecting fixed routing tracks. A typical FPGA contains several hundred switch blocks; thus optimization of these blocks is very important. We present a novel switch block that, when used in a realistic FPGA architecture, is more efficient than all previously proposed switch blocks. Through experiments, we show that the new switch block results in up to 13% fewer transistors in the routing fabric compared to the best previous switch block architectures, with virtually no effect on the speed of the FPGA. Second, we focus on the logic block Interconnect Matrix, which is a programmable switch connecting logic elements. We show that we can create smaller, faster Interconnect Matrix by removing switches from the matrix. We also show, however, that removing switches in this way places additional constraints on the other FPGA routing structures. Through experiments, we show that, after compensating for the reduced flexibility of the Interconnect Matrix, the overall effect on the FPGA density and speed is negligible.
Generalized split monopole magnetospheres: the effects of current sheets
Creators: name: Li, Huiquan
name: Wang, Jiancheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that energy should be dissipated or extracted in the current sheet (CS) of a split magnetosphere deviating from the Michel split monopole, with the CS heating up or cooling down. But the electromagnetic energy remains unchanged everywhere. Based on the de-centered monopole solution generated by symmetry in flat spacetime, we construct two generalized split monopole configurations, in which the field lines intersect with the CS at arbitrary angles. One configuration resembles the outer geometry of the so-called ``new pulsar magnetosphere model", for which up to $47\%$ of the spin down energy is transferred to the Joule heating process in the CS. In the other configuration, we observe that negative energy is dissipated in the CS, which is usually observed in magnetospheres on rotating black holes. This means that energy is extracted simultaneously from the central star and the CS to power the output Poynting flux at infinity. We interpret the extraction of energy from the CS as that thermal energy of charged particles in the CS is transferred to the ordered kinetic energy of these particles drifting in the force-free (FF) electromagnetic fields. Hence, the CS is like an ``air conditioner" in the sky, which can heat up or cool down, depending on the configurations.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures
The functional form of open Wilson lines in gauge theories coupled to matter
Creators: name: Gliozzi, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The open Wilson lines are gauge-invariant operators made with a gauge transporter along an open path saturated at the end-points with matter fields. Here it is shown that numerical experiments on 3D Z2 Higgs model provide useful guidance in addressing the problem of the functional form of their vacuum expectation values. It turns out they satisfy, as long as their size does not exceed the string breaking scale, a remarkable factorization, related to finite-size scaling of the Fredenhagen-Marcu order parameter. This leads to conjecture a decay area law, like ordinary Wilson loops, with the difference that the boundary conditions of the confining string world-sheet are fixed along the path of the gauge transporter whereas are free on the straight line joining the two end-points. A consistency condition fixes uniquely the contribution of the free boundary, which turns out to be proportional to the string-breaking scale. Universal shape effects produced by quantum string fluctuations are also studied.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures, contribution at the Workshop on Computational Hadron Physics held in Cyprus, September 14-17, 2005
title: التحول الاقتصادي في العين أثناء إدارة زايد لها قبل اكتشاف النفط/ جوينتي مايترا.
Creators: name: مايترا، جوينتي
Publisher: name: الأرشيف والمكتبة الوطنية
Year: 2016
Subjects: زايد بن سلطان آل نهيان، - رئيس دولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة، - 1971-2004
الزراعة - اقتصاديات - الإمارات العربية المتحدة
الإمارات العربية المتحدة - التنمية الإق

- يتناول هذا البحث دراسة لتطور مدينة العين واحة البريمي سابقًا وضواحيها في الفترة التي سبقت اكتشاف النفط، إذ أدّى حكام آل نهيان دوراً محوريًّا في تحقيق التقدم؛ وكان حلم أمير الصحراء الشهير الشيخ زايد بن سلطان آل نهيان -طيب الله ثراه- أثناء فترة توليه الحكم في العين تحويلها إلى جنة خضراء من خلال إنشاء القرى وتعزيز التوسعة الزراعية بتوفير المياه، وتنظيف الأفلاج القديمة، وإنشاء أفلاج جديدة (القنوات المائية الجوفية)، وبناء القلاع الرائعة التي باتت رمزاً لقوتهم وازدهارهم المطردين.
Il  Fattore  Tempo  nei   Processi   Decisionali   e   nella    Finanza
Creators: name: Colli Franzone, Adele
Publisher: name: ----
Year: 2015
Subjects: concetto di tempo, misurazione del tempo, processi decisionali, tempo nella finanza

description: Dopo aver, seppur sinteticamente, analizzato il concetto di tempo e l’evoluzione della sua misurazione, lo si considera come fattore determinante nei processi decisionali. In particolare lo si analizza relativamente all’ambito finanziario e alle connesse operazioni.
description: ----, Vol 6, No 1 (2015): Issue 1 - 2015
Physics potentials with a combined sensitivity of T2K-II, NO$ν$A extension and JUNO
Creators: name: Cao, S.
name: Nath, A.
name: Ngoc, T. V.
name: Quyen, P. T.
name: Van, N. T. Hong
name: Francis, Ng. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Leptonic \textit{CP} violation search, neutrino mass hierarchy determination, and the precision measurement of oscillation parameters for a unitary test of the leptonic mixing matrix are among the major targets of the ongoing and future neutrino oscillation experiments. The work explores the physics reach for these targets by around 2027, when the third generation of the neutrino experiments starts operation, with a combined sensitivity of three experiments: T2K-II, NO$ν$A extension, and JUNO. It is shown that a joint analysis of these three experiments can conclusively determine the neutrino mass hierarchy. Also, at certain values of \emph{true} \dcp, it provides closely around a $5σ$ confidence level (C.L.) to exclude \textit{CP}-conserving values and more than a $50\%$ fractional region of \emph{true} $δ_{\text{CP}}$ values can be explored with a statistic significance of at least a $3σ$ C.L. Besides, the joint analysis can provide unprecedented precision measurements of the atmospheric neutrino oscillation parameters and a great offer to solve the $θ_{23}$ octant degeneracy in the case of nonmaximal mixing.
description: To match PRD version
title: Interpreting borehole data with machine learning: A pilot rtudy
Creators: name: Buxton, Robert
name: Krouse, Donal
name: Massiot, Cecile
name: Lawrence, Mark J. F.
Publisher: name: GNS Science
Year: 2021

description: Classifying and interpreting multi-sensor geophysical borehole (wireline) data is normally undertaken manually by a geologist and is extremely resource intensive, both in terms of skilled people and time. Machine learning techniques have been applied to wireline data overseas; however, those techniques are not necessarily directly applicable to New Zealand sedimentary rocks and little investigation has been done in geothermal settings. This pilot study aims to investigate machine learning algorithms and approaches to allow the automated processing of borehole data that can be applied to resource assessments in New Zealand. A series of supervised (with some level of prior interpretation; labelling) and unsupervised (no prior interpretation) have been tested. Unsupervised machine learning techniques would be most desirable. Two publicly available wireline datasets that have been interpreted manually were used as a basis for the pilot study. The first is from Hole U1530A on the NW Caldera of Brothers Volcano, which intersected a sequence of lavas and pyroclastic rocks with hydrothermal alteration of varied mineralogy and intensity. The second dataset comprises a marine succession of mudstones to sandstones and shallow non-tropical carbonates in a well (Kauhauroa-5) drilled onshore on the east coast of the North Island of New Zealand. Based on the first-pass results of this pilot study, some of the more common unsupervised pattern recognition approaches struggle to attain the level of performance that is required to reduce the workload involved in manually classifying borehole data. Supervised approaches show that there are definitely patterns in the data that can be recognised by ML/AI algorithms. Self Organising Maps with semi-supervised learning provided some encouraging results on one of the datasets but could not duplicate it on the second. Similarly, generative modelling may provide some advantages but requires more study. Lastly, an approach similar to the MIR max algorithm, utilising Information Theory as a similarity metric, may provide a more reliable unsupervised approach. With appropriate custom pre-processing, the segmentation method can be applied to a wide variety of data, such as decomposing wireline logs into specified shapes (e.g. ‘bell’, ‘funnel’) used by geologists. Overall, the study has indicated a number of avenues for future research. (auth)
Competenze manageriali e professionali per il fronteggiamento delle crisi nelle imprese di minori dimensioni
Creators: name: Bogarelli, Paolo
Publisher: name: ----
Year: 2015
Subjects: crisi; turnaround; risanamento; competenze manageriali

description: Il presente lavoro indaga le competenze manageriali e professionali necessarie per conoscere e fronteggiare le situazioni di crisi nelle imprese di minori dimensioni. La crisi di impresa viene pertanto investigata in un particolare contesto, l’impresa di minori dimensioni, e in un particolare frangente della vita aziendale: quello in cui la crisi di impresa viene riconosciuta come tale, diventa manifesta, minacciandone l’esistenza. Un tema di particolare rilievo affrontato dal paper è la distinzione delle imprese di minori dimensioni rispetto a quelle di medie-grandi dimensioni. A tale riguardo si è scelto di adottare una logica di classificazione dimensionale delle imprese che ne rifletta i processi strategici di governo economico.

Dal punto di vista dello svolgimento dei contenuti, il lavoro si articola nei seguenti punti:

a)    gli aspetti connotativi delle crisi nelle imprese di minori dimensioni;

b)   il processo di conoscenza e di misurazione economica della crisi d’impresa;

c)    il fronteggiamento della crisi;

d)   le competenze manageriali e professionali per il fronteggiamento delle crisi nelle imprese di minori dimensioni;

e)    conclusioni.
description: ----, Vol 6, No 2 (2015): Issue 2/2015
The role of the cell cycle in collective cell dynamics
Creators: name: Li, Jintao
name: Schnyder, Simon K.
name: Turner, Matthew S.
name: Yamamoto, Ryoichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cells coexist together in colonies or as tissues. Their behaviour is controlled by an interplay between intercellular forces and biochemical regulation. We develop a simple model of the cell cycle, the fundamental regulatory network controlling growth and division, and couple this to the physical forces arising within the cell collective. We analyse this model using both particle-based computer simulations and a continuum theory. We focus on 2D colonies confined in a channel. These develop moving growth fronts of dividing cells with quiescent cells in the interior. The profile and speed of these fronts are non-trivially related to the substrate friction and the cell cycle parameters, providing a possible approach to measure such parameters in experiments.
description: Revised version, as accepted to appear in PRX
Kinetic arrest of the first order ferromagnetic to antiferromagnetic transition in Ce(Fe$_{0.96}$Ru$_{0.04}$)$_2$ : formation of a magnetic-glass
Creators: name: Chattopadhyay, M. K.
name: Roy, S. B.
name: Chaddah, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of dc magnetization and magnetic relaxation study showing the kinetic arrest of a first order ferromagnetic to antiferromagnetic transition in Ce(Fe$_{0.96}$Ru$_{0.04}$)$_2$. This leads to the formation of a non-ergodic glass-like magnetic state. The onset of the magnetic-glass transformation is tracked through the slowing down of the magnetization dynamics. This glassy state is formed with the assistance of an external magnetic field and this is distinctly different from the well known 'spin-glass' state.
description: 10 pages of text and 4 figures
Crow, Paul A. / Boney, William Jerry (Hrsg.), Church Union at Midpoint
Creators: name: Groscurth, Reinhard
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 22 Nr. 4 (1973): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 22, Heft 4
The relativistic kinematics underlying Poincare's ellipse
Creators: name: Pierseaux, Dr Yves
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the kinematics underlying Poincare's elongated ellipse, immediately deduced from Lorentz Transformation (LT), is not the same as Einstein's kinematics. The two main differences are : On one hand the relationship of Lorentz contraction with LT, and on the other hand, the relationship of Doppler formula with wave four-vector. Einstein's wave four-vector (quantum theory of light, photon, transverse gauge) is not the same as Poincare's wave four-vector (classical theory of light, electromagnetic wave, Lorenz gauge) and therefore the Doppler formulas are not the same. Poincare's Doppler formula is not independent of the metric of space-time. We show that Poincare's metrics of space-time is based on a cosmological definition of distance and predicts an expansion of space for remote objects (Hubble), directly connected with Poincare's Doppler formula.
description: Conferences given, Friday 13th May 2005 and Tuesday 20th December 2005 at ULB (Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Physique des Particules, iihe)
Redpathoceras Flower 1963
Creators: name: Kröger, Björn
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Cephalopoda
Probillingsitidae
Redpathoceras

description: Genus Redpathoceras Flower, 1963
Type species
Redpathoceras clarki Flower, 1963, northeast of Joliette, Quebec, Canada; Leray Limestone, early to middle Katian, Ordovician; by original designation.
Diagnosis
Gyrocones with circular to depressed mature conch cross section; mature body chamber inflated with greatest diameter at approximate mid-length; broad shallow hyponomic sinus; septum of truncation deeply rounded; sutures of septa in mature specimen slightly oblique, sloping in adoral direction on concave side of conch curvature; siphuncle eccentric, close to conch margin at convex side of conch curvature. (Adopted from Flower 1963.)
description: Published as part of Kröger, Björn, 2025, The Lyckholm acme of cephalopods - Review of the late Katian (Vormsi-Pirgu regional stages) Ordovician cephalopods of Estonia, pp. 1-169 in European Journal of Taxonomy 978 on page 97, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.978.2801, http://zenodo.org/record/14988376
Individual-driven versus interaction-driven burstiness in human dynamics: The case of Wikipedia edit history
Creators: name: Choi, Jeehye
name: Hiraoka, Takayuki
name: Jo, Hang-Hyun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin of non-Poissonian or bursty temporal patterns observed in various datasets for human social dynamics has been extensively studied, yet its understanding still remains incomplete. Considering the fact that humans are social beings, a fundamental question arises: Is the bursty human dynamics dominated by individual characteristics or by interaction between individuals? In this paper we address this question by analyzing the Wikipedia edit history to see how spontaneous individual editors are in initiating bursty periods of editing, i.e., individual-driven burstiness, and to what extent such editors' behaviors are driven by interaction with other editors in those periods, i.e., interaction-driven burstiness. We quantify the degree of initiative (DoI) of an editor of interest in each Wikipedia article by using the statistics of bursty periods containing the editor's edits. The integrated value of the DoI over all relevant timescales reveals which is dominant between individual-driven and interaction-driven burstiness. We empirically find that this value tends to be larger for weaker temporal correlations in the editor's editing behavior and/or stronger editorial correlations. These empirical findings are successfully confirmed by deriving an analytic form of the DoI from a model capturing the essential features of the edit sequence. Thus our approach provides a deeper insight into the origin and underlying mechanisms of bursts in human social dynamics.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
An analytic approach to non-slow-roll inflation
Creators: name: Tasinato, Gianmassimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Brief periods of non-slow-roll evolution during inflation can produce interesting observable consequences, as primordial black holes, or an inflationary gravitational wave spectrum enhanced at small scales. We develop a model independent, analytic approach for studying the predictions of single-field scenarios which include short phases of slow-roll violation. Our method is based on Taylor expanding the equations for cosmological fluctuations in a small quantity, which parameterizes the duration of the non-slow-roll eras. The super-horizon spectrum of perturbations is described by few effective parameters, and is characterized by a pronounced dip followed by a rapid growth in its amplitude, as typically found in numerical and analytical studies. The dip position $k_{\rm dip}/k_*$ and the maximal enhancement $Π_{\rm max}$ of the spectrum towards small scales are found to be related by the law $k_{\rm dip}/k_*\propto Π_{\rm max}^{-1/4}$, and we determine the proportionality constant. For a single epoch of slow-roll violation we confirm previous studies, finding that the steepest slope of the spectrum well after the dip has spectral index $n-1\,=\,4$. On the other hand, with multiple phases of slow-roll violation, the slope of the spectrum is generally enhanced. For example, when two epochs of slow-roll violation take place, separated by a phase of quasi-de Sitter expansion, we find that the spectral index can reach the value $n-1\,=\,8$. This phenomenon indicates that the slope of the spectrum keeps memory of the history of non-slow-roll phases occurred during inflation.
description: 37 pages, 11 figures. V2: References added, small improvements made. Accepted for publication in PRD. V3: One reference added
Vortex generation in the RSP game on the triangular lattice
Creators: name: Nishiuchi, Hiroyuki
name: Hatano, Naomichi
name: Kubo, Kenn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new model of population dynamics on lattices is proposed. The model consists of players on lattice points, each of which plays the RSP game with neighboring players. Each player copies the next hand from the hand of the neighbouring player with the maximum point. The model exhibits a steady pattern with pairs of vortices and sinks on the triangular lattice. It is shown that the stationary vortex is due to the frustrations on the triangular lattice. A frustration is the three-sided situation where each of the three players around a triangle chooses the rock, the scissors and the paper, respectively.
Spatially Inhomogeneous Populations with Seed-banks: Duality, Existence and Clustering
Creators: name: Hollander, Frank den
name: Nandan, Shubhamoy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J70 (Primary) 60K35, 92D25 (Secondary)

description: We consider a system of interacting Moran models with seed-banks. Individuals live in colonies and are subject to resampling and migration as long as they are $active$. Each colony has a seed-bank into which individuals can retreat to become $dormant$, suspending their resampling and migration until they become active again. The colonies are labelled by $\mathbb{Z}^d$, $d \geq 1$, playing the role of a $geographic\, space$. The sizes of the active and the dormant population are $finite$ and depend on the $location$ of the colony. Migration is driven by a random walk transition kernel. Our goal is to study the equilibrium behaviour of the system as a function of the underlying model parameters. In the present paper we show that, under mild condition on the sizes of the active population, the system is well-defined and has a dual. The dual consists of a system of $interacting$ coalescing random walks in an $inhomogeneous$ environment that switch between active and dormant. We analyse the dichotomy of $coexistence$ (= multi-type equilibria) versus $clustering$ (= mono-type equilibria), and show that clustering occurs if and only if two random walks in the dual starting from arbitrary states eventually coalesce with probability one. The presence of the seed-bank $enhances\, genetic\, diversity$. In the dual this is reflected by the presence of time lapses during which the random walks are dormant and do not move.
description: Changed title, added references and fixed typos. A different proof of the original Theorem 3.16 (Clustering Criterion) now stated as Theorem 3.17, is presented. Added a new lemma (Lemma 3.8) to justification of well-posedness of the spatial dual
Excess Capital in Agricultural Production
Creators: name: Kumbhakar, Subal C.
name: Guan, Zhengfei
name: Oude Lansink, Alfons G.J.M.
name: Kumbhakar, Subal C.
name: Guan, Zhengfei
name: Oude Lansink, Alfons G.J.M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Production Economics
subject: Agricultural production
subject: capital requirement
subject: endogeneity
subject: excess capital
subject: fixed effect
subject: maximum likelihood estimation
subject: stochastic frontier

description: In this article we propose a theoretical model for analyzing capital requirement in agricultural production and define excess capital thereupon. We develop a two-step method that allows endogenous regressors in the maximum likelihood estimation. The two-step procedure is also capably of recovering the parameters of time invariant variables in fixed effect models. The model and method are applied to a capital requirement study using data from cash crop farms in the Netherlands. Empirical results show that excess capital widely exists on the farm. The implications of excess capital are further demonstrated with a production frontier analysis.
Functionalization of fullerene soot through oxidative decarboxylative coupling with silver dinitrobenzoate
Creators: name: Shareh, Zahra
name: Zamani, Mehdi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: In this research, we extend the functionalization of fullerene soot with nitroaryl substituents through oxidative decarboxylative coupling with silver 3,5-dinitrobenzoate. For this purpose, silver 3,5-dinitrobenzoate is first prepared in two-steps from 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid. Then, this compound as a substrate together with potassium persulfate as an oxidant is used in acetonitrile as a solvent to functionalize fullerene soot. The reactions with different equivalent ratios of substrate and oxidant are conducted by both thermal and microwave conditions. This strategy is able to induce about 88.03 wt.% O and 5.79 wt.% N to the composition of fullerene soot. The advantage of this strategy is that the reaction can happen without the need for a catalyst, because silver(I) present in the substrate can catalyze the reaction progress. To prove the functionalization, several characterization techniques are used, i.e. XRD patterns, EDX spectra and SEM elemental distribution images, FE-SEM and TEM micrographs, particle size distribution histograms, FT-IR and Raman spectra, as well as TGA and DSC curves, which demonstrate the changes on fullerene soot. The novelty of this research is that it provides a new strategy for oxidative decarboxylative coupling of silver(I) carboxylates with the carbon surface.
An atlas of Calcium triplet spectra of active galaxies
Creators: name: Garcia-Rissmann, A.
name: Vega, L. R.
name: Asari, N. V.
name: Fernandes, R. Cid
name: Schmitt, H.
name: Delgado, R. M. Gonzalez
name: Storchi-Bergmann, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a spectroscopic atlas of active galactic nuclei covering the region around the 8498, 8542, 8662 Calcium triplet (CaT) lines. The sample comprises 78 objects, divided into 43 Seyfert 2s, 26 Seyfert 1s, 3 Starburst and 6 normal galaxies. The spectra pertain to the inner ~300 pc in radius, and thus sample the central kinematics and stellar populations of active galaxies. The data are used to measure stellar velocity dispersions (sigma_star) both with cross-correlation and direct fitting methods. These measurements are found to be in good agreement with each-other and with those in previous studies for objects in common. The CaT equivalent width is also measured. We find average values and sample dispersions of W_CaT of 4.6+/-2.0, 7.0 and 7.7+/-1.0 angstrons for Seyfert 1s, Seyfert 2s and normal galaxies, respectively. We further present an atlas of [SIII]λ9069 emission line profiles for a subset of 40 galaxies. These data are analyzed in a companion paper which addresses the connection between stellar and Narrow Line Region kinematics, the behaviour of the CaT equivalent width as a function of sigma_star, activity type and stellar population properties.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Non-Gaussianity in Curvaton Models with Nearly Quadratic Potential
Creators: name: Enqvist, Kari
name: Nurmi, Sami
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider curvaton models with potentials that depart slightly from the quadratic form. We show that although such a small departure does not modify significantly the Gaussian part of the curvature perturbation, it can have a pronounced effect on the level of non-Gaussianity. We find that unlike in the quadratic case, the limit of small non-Gaussianity, $|f_{NL}|\ll1$, is quite possible even with small curvaton energy density $r\ll1$ . Furthermore, non-Gaussianity does not imply any strict bounds on $r$ but the bounds depend on the assumptions about the higher order terms in the curvaton potential.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures. Minor changes. Typos corrected and a reference added
Kleemann, Jürg / Nitschke, Horst (Hrsg.), Ökumenische Trauungen
Creators: name: Boeckler, Richard
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 22 Nr. 4 (1973): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 22, Heft 4
Spectral index-flux relation for investigating the origins of steep decay in $γ$-ray bursts
Creators: name: Ronchini, Samuele
name: Oganesyan, Gor
name: Branchesi, Marica
name: Ascenzi, Stefano
name: Bernardini, Maria Grazia
name: Brighenti, Francesco
name: Dall'Osso, Simone
name: D'Avanzo, Paolo
name: Ghirlanda, Giancarlo
name: Ghisellini, Gabriele
name: Ravasio, Maria Edvige
name: Salafia, Om Sharan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: $γ$-ray bursts (GRBs) are short-lived transients releasing a large amount of energy ($10^{51}-10^{53} $ erg) in the keV-MeV energy range. GRBs are thought to originate from internal dissipation of the energy carried by ultra-relativistic jets launched by the remnant of a massive star's death or a compact binary coalescence. While thousands of GRBs have been observed over the last thirty years, we still have an incomplete understanding of where and how the radiation is generated in the jet. Here we show a relation between the spectral index and the flux found by investigating the X-ray tails of bright GRB pulses via time-resolved spectral analysis. This relation is incompatible with the long standing scenario which invokes the delayed arrival of photons from high-latitude parts of the jet. While the alternative scenarios cannot be firmly excluded, the adiabatic cooling of the emitting particles is the most plausible explanation for the discovered relation, suggesting a proton-synchrotron origin of the GRB emission.
description: Published in Nature Communications
An Empirically-Grounded Comparison of the Johnson System versus the Beta as Crop Yield Distribution Models
Creators: name: Ramirez, Octavio A.
name: McDonald, Tanya U.
name: Ramirez, Octavio A.
name: McDonald, Tanya U.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Previous research established that the expanded Johnson system can accommodate any theoretically possible mean-variance-skewness-kurtosis combination. Therefore, it has been hypothesized that this system can provide for a reasonably accurate modeling approximation of any probability distribution that might be encountered in practice. In order to test that hypothesis, this manuscript develops a more flexible expanded form of the Beta distribution which, in its original form, has been widely used to model and simulate crop yields for risk analysis. Empirically grounded evaluations suggest that the Johnson system can model a variety of typical yield data-generating processes that are based on the Beta distribution much more precisely than the Beta can model representative crop yield data simulated from the Johnson system. The accuracy with which the Johnson system approximates the Beta supports the previously stated hypothesis.
Thermal conductivity of the quasi-1D materials TaSe3 and ZrTe3
Creators: name: Debnath, Topojit
name: Debnath, Bishwajit
name: Lake, Roger K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The high breakdown current densities and resilience to scaling of the metallic transition metal trichalcogenides TaSe3 and ZrTe3 make them of interest for possible interconnect applications, and it motivates this study of their thermal conductivities and phonon properties. These crystals consist of planes of strongly bonded one-dimensional chains more weakly bonded to neighboring chains. Phonon dispersions and the thermal conductivity tensors are calculated using density functional theory combined with an iterative solution of the phonon Boltzmann transport equation. The phonon velocities and the thermal conductivities of TaSe3 are considerably more anisotropic than those of ZrTe3. The maximum LA velocity in ZrTe3 occurs in the cross-chain direction, and this is consistent with the strong cross-chain bonding that gives rise to large Fermi velocities in that direction. The thermal conductivities are similar to those of other metallic two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides. At room temperature, a significant portion of the heat is carried by the optical modes. In the low frequency range, the phonon lifetimes and mean free paths in TaSe3 are considerably shorter than those in ZrTe3. The shorter lifetimes in TaSe3 are consistent with the presence of lower frequency optical branches and zone-folding features in the acoustic branches that arise due to the doubling of the TaSe3 unit cell within the plane.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures, 6 tables
Trade Effects of the Central American Free Trade Agreement
Creators: name: Yeboah, Osei-Agyeman
name: Shaik, Saleem
name: Allen, Albert J.
name: Ofori-Boadu, Victor
name: Yeboah, Osei-Agyeman
name: Shaik, Saleem
name: Allen, Albert J.
name: Ofori-Boadu, Victor
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: Proponents of DR-CAFTA argue the RTA will free the U.S. agricultural sector of these disadvantages by leveling the field through the removal of these tariffs and in many cases, create preferences for U.S. exporters over third country suppliers, including those in Canada, Europe, and South America, helping to restore lost U.S. market share and expand overall U.S. exports. In this paper, we develop gravity models to estimate and predict the potential bilateral trade flows between U.S. and CAFTA countries using panel data. In the course of the study, it was expected that if DR-CAFTA were to have an effect, all countries under the agreement should be trade creators. All the six CAFTA countries but one (Costa Rica) are trade creators. The amount trade created ranges from as low as 1% for Guatemala to as high as 13% for Nicaragua, and Costa Rica only diverse 1% of the potential bilateral trade. The study has also revealed the importance and positive effects of differences between resource endowment, relative size of the economies, and exchange rates on trade flows. Distance, though less significant is seen as a factor that can potentially raise trade costs. Given these results, there is no doubt that implementing the DR-CAFTA will lead to an expansion of trade between the United States and the DR-CAFTA countries. As it stands, there appear to be advantages for U.S. producers from the Agreement, given the already low duties on agricultural imports from these countries to the U.S. and the relatively high duties placed on U.S. agricultural exports.
Nanocontact vortex oscillators based on Co$_2$MnGe pseudo-spin valves
Creators: name: Létang, Jérémy
name: de Melo, Claudia
name: Guillemard, Charles
name: Vecchiola, Aymeric
name: Rontani, Damien
name: Petit-Watelot, Sébastien
name: Yoo, Myoung-Woo
name: Devolder, Thibaut
name: Bouzehouane, Karim
name: Cros, Vincent
name: Andrieu, Stéphane
name: Kim, Joo-Von
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an experimental study of vortex dynamics in magnetic nanocontacts based on pseudo spin valves comprising the Co$_2$MnGe Heusler compound. The films were grown by molecular beam epitaxy, where precise stoichiometry control and tailored stacking order allowed us to define the bottom ferromagnetic layer as the reference layer, with minimal coupling between the free and reference layers. 20-nm diameter nanocontacts were fabricated using a nano-indentation technique, leading to self-sustained gyration of the vortex generated by spin-transfer torques above a certain current threshold. By combining frequency- and time-domain measurements, we show that different types of spin-transfer induced dynamics related to different modes associated to the magnetic vortex configuration can be observed, such as mode hopping, mode coexistence and mode extinction appear in addition to the usual gyration mode.
Dating the stellar population in massive early-type galaxies at $z\sim$1.5
Creators: name: Longhetti, M.
name: Saracco, P.
name: Severgnini, P.
name: Della Ceca, R.
name: Braito, V.
name: Mannucci, F.
name: Bender, R.
name: Drory, N.
name: Feulner, G.
name: Hopp, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the analysis of 10 massive early-type galaxies at $z\sim1.5$. They have been identified by means of a near-IR low resolution spectroscopic follow-up of a complete sample of 36 bright (K' $$ 5) selected from the Munich Near-IR ClusterSurvey (MUNICS; Drory et al. 2001). The low resolution near-IR spectra constrain their redshift at $1.2 2$ for all the galaxies and $z_{f} \geq 4$ for the oldest ones. The comparison of the 4000Åbreak and of the overall spectral shape of the average spectrum of the 10 galaxies at $z\sim1.5$ with those of their local counterpartsconfirms that field massive early-type galaxies formed the bulk of their stellar mass at $2
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Observation of a non-Hermitian phase transition in an optical quantum gas
Creators: name: Öztürk, Fahri Emre
name: Lappe, Tim
name: Hellmann, Göran
name: Schmitt, Julian
name: Klaers, Jan
name: Vewinger, Frank
name: Kroha, Johann
name: Weitz, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum gases of light, as photons or polariton condensates in optical microcavities, are collective quantum systems enabling a tailoring of dissipation from e.g. cavity loss. This makes them a tool to study dissipative phases, an emerging subject in quantum manybody physics. Here we experimentally demonstrate a non-Hermitian phase transition of a photon Bose-Einstein condensate to a new dissipative phase, characterized by a biexponential decay of the condensate's second-order coherence. The phase transition occurs due to the emergence of an exceptional point in the quantum gas. While Bose-Einstein condensation is usually connected to ordinary lasing by a smooth crossover, the observed phase transition separates the novel, biexponential phase from both lasing and an intermediate, oscillatory condensate regime. Our findings pave the way for studies of a wide class of dissipative quantum phases, for instance in topological or lattice systems.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, (additional 22 pages for supplementary information)
Applying a Legendre collocation method based on domain decomposition to calculate underwater sound propagation in a horizontally stratified environment
Creators: name: Tu, Houwang
name: Wang, Yongxian
name: Lan, Qiang
name: Liu, Wei
name: Xiao, Wenbin
name: Ma, Shuqing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The propagation of sound waves in a horizontally stratified environment, a classic problem in ocean acoustics, has traditionally been calculated using normal modes. Most programs based on the normal mode model are discretized using the finite difference method (FDM). In this paper, a Legendre collocation method (LCM) based on domain decomposition is proposed to solve this problem. A set of collocation points cannot penetrate multiple layers of media, thus necessitating domain decomposition and the use of multiple sets of collocation points. The solution process of this method proceeds entirely in physical space, requiring that the original differential equation be strictly established at the collocation points; thus, a dense matrix eigenvalue system is formed, from which the solution for the horizontal wavenumbers and modes can be directly obtained. Numerical experiments are presented to demonstrate the validity and applicability of this method. A comparison with other methods shows that the LCM proposed in this article is more accurate than the FDM and offers roughly the same accuracy as but a faster calculation speed than other types of spectral methods.
description: 29pages, 7 figures
Extracting the internal nonlocality from the dilated Hermiticity
Creators: name: Huang, Minyi
name: Lee, Ray-Kuang
name: Wu, Junde
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To effectively realize a $\cal PT$-symmetric system, one can dilate a $\cal PT$-symmetric Hamiltonian to some global Hermitian one and simulate its evolution in the dilated Hermitian system. However, with only a global Hermitian Hamiltonian, how do we know whether it is a dilation and is useful for simulation? To answer this question, we consider the problem of how to extract the internal nonlocality in the Hermitian dilation. We unveil that the internal nonlocality brings nontrivial correlations between the subsystems. By evaluating the correlations with local measurements in three different pictures, the resulting different expectations of the Bell operator reveal the distinction of the internal nonlocality. When the simulated $\cal PT$-symmetric Hamiltonian approaches its exceptional point, such a distinction tends to be most significant. Our results clearly make a difference between the Hermitian dilation and other global Hamiltonians without internal nonlocality. They also provide the figure of merit to test the reliability of the simulation, as well as to verify a $\cal PT$-symmetric (sub)system.
[Index of Abraham Halpern's notebooks]
Creators: name: Aoki, Haruo
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: peb
subject: Eastern Pomo language
subject: pej
subject: Northern Pomo language
subject: pom
subject: Southeastern Pomo language
subject: kju
subject: Kashaya language
subject: peq
subject: Southern Pomo language
subject: poo
subject: Central Pomo language
subject: pef
subject: Northeastern Pomo language

description: Typed index to Halpern's notebooks. 3 copies; some pages out of order. See Halpern's notebooks for list of informants. Includes note to Mary Haas.
A new approach of analyzing GRB light curves
Creators: name: Varga, B.
name: Horváth, I.
name: Balázs, L. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We estimated the Txx quantiles of the cumulative GRB light curves using our recalculated background. The basic information of the light curves was extracted by multivariate statistical methods. The possible classes of the light curves are also briefly discussed.
description: 4 pages, 8 figures