cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Frequency Agile and Low Power Homodyne Radio Receivers
Creators: name: Hasan, Abul
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: direct conversion receiver
subject: energy harvesting
subject: frequency reconfigurable
subject: low power
subject: multi-phase clocks
subject: selectivity
subject: self-powered
subject: self-sustainable
subject: six-port receiver
subject: Engineering--Electronics and Electrical

description: More than 100 billion devices are expected to be connected wirelessly by 2020 as expected from the Internet of Things (IoT) and 5G deployments. Reconfigurability and sustainable power consumption are two of the major concerns to cope up with the expected changes. In the light of the above challenges, two low-power, frequency agile and broadband radio receiver architectures, namely, the six-port receiver (SPR) and the N-path passive mixer (P-M) receiver, have been explored in this thesis. First, a complexity reduced calibration approach for the SPR is developed that would reduce the power consumption of the SPR system. After analyzing the advantages and drawbacks of the SPR and the N-path P-M receiver architectures, a new quadrature phase shift frequency selective (QPS-FS) receiver architecture is proposed that attempts to retain the advantages of both the existing architectures while it tries to eliminate or minimize their drawbacks. The proposed QPS-FS receiver is a frequency selective architecture in which the desired band RF signal at the signal carrier frequency equal to the local oscillator clock frequency is frequency down-converted and quadrature (I/Q) demodulated while the in- and out-of-band blocker and interferer signals are reflected and collected that could be used for energy harvesting purposes. The thesis culminates in the proposal and implementation of a novel broadband, frequency reconfigurable, low power, blockers and system impairments tolerant energy harvesting radio receiver architecture that is frequency selective, concurrently utilizing the in-band RF signal for information decoding and the in- and out-of-band blocker and interferer signals for energy harvesting for increased battery-life or self-sustainable operation of the receiver system.
Phase Evolution of Oil Well Cements with Nano-Additive at Elevated Temperature/Pressure
Creators: name: Ma, Siwei
name: Yu, Tony
name: Wang, Yanbin
name: Chaouche, Mohend
name: Kawashima, Shiho
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials at high pressures
subject: Materials at high temperatures
subject: Nanostructured materials
subject: Cement slurry
subject: Civil engineering
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: Phase characterization of Class A oil well cement slurries was performed through synchrotron X-ray diffraction technique. This allowed for real-time, in-place measurements of X-ray diffraction patterns to be obtained and, subsequently, the continuous formation and decomposition of select phases over time (up to 8 hours). Phases of interest included alite, ferrite, portlandite, ettringite, monosulfate, and jaffeite (crystalline form of calcium silicate hydrate). The effects of elevated temperatures (140, 185, and 300°F [60, 85, and 149°C]) at elevated pressure (up to approximately 15 ksi [100 MPa]), as well as the effect of nanomaterial addition were investigated. Rate of conversion of ettringite to monosulfate increased with increasing temperature, and monosulfate became unstable when temperatures reached 185°F (85°C). The results of synchrotron X-ray diffraction provided evidence of a seeding effect introduced by nano-sized attapulgite clays at 0.5% addition by mass of cement, where acceleration in the rate of formation of portlandite and jaffeite was observed. This was supported by isothermal calorimetry results.
Kinetic Activation Relaxation Technique
Creators: name: Béland, Laurent Karim
name: Brommer, Peter
name: El-Mellouhi, Fedwa
name: Joly, Jean-François
name: Mousseau, Normand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed description of the kinetic Activation-Relaxation Technique (k-ART), an off-lattice, self-learning kinetic Monte Carlo algorithm with on-the-fly event search. Combining a topological classification for local environments and event generation with ART nouveau, an efficient unbiased sampling method for finding transition states, k-ART can be applied to complex materials with atoms in off-lattice positions or with elastic deformations that cannot be handled with standard KMC approaches. In addition to presenting the various elements of the algorithm, we demonstrate the general character of k-ART by applying the algorithm to three challenging systems: self-defect annihilation in c-Si (crystalline silicon), self-interstitial diffusion in Fe and structural relaxation in a-Si (amorphous silicon).
description: 13 pages, 11 figures. Final version as published, Figs. 6 and 7 exchanged, minor typographical and stylistic corrections
Quantum walk on two-dimensional torus and grid
Creators: name: Komeili, Mojtaba
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algorithm
subject: Quantum Walk
subject: Random Walk
subject: Computational Complexity
subject: Graph
subject: Computer Science

description: Let χ be a function that maps the vertices of a graph to zero or one. We want to find a vertex m, called a marked vertex, such that χ(m) = 1. Random walk is an algorithm for finding such a vertex. The measure of complexity for random walk is hitting time. There is a quantum algorithm that finds a marked vertex, and runs in the square root of the extended hitting time. For some configurations of marked vertices on certain graphs, the extended hitting time is asymptotically larger than the hitting time. This might cause the quantum algorithm for finding to be less efficient than a random walk. Two-dimensional torus and grid are canonical examples of such graphs. This thesis is about efficient quantum algorithms for finding a marked vertex on a two-dimensional torus. We prove the convexity of the extended hitting time, and provide a new upper bound on it. We show that, with a probability that is more than a constant, random walk on a torus is localized, and it is restricted to a sub-graph of the torus. From these observations, we introduce two algorithms that find a marked vertex on a torus. The complexity of these algorithms is in the order of the square root of the hitting time, up to logarithmic factors. They both start by finding an estimate to the hitting time. Using that, they estimate the size of a sub-graph that contains a marked vertex with more than a constant probability, and sample such a sub-graph. Our first algorithm finds a marked vertex on this sub-graph by using a quantum algorithm that runs in extended hitting time, and finds a marked vertex with probability at least a constant. Our second algorithm recursively runs the detection algorithm on cuts of the sub-graph, until reaching a constant sized sub-graph that contains a marked vertex. These algorithms are the first quantum algorithms that achieve close-to-quadratic speed-up in quantum walk on a two-dimensional torus, for all configurations of marked vertices.
Reading the Stars at the Ottoman Court: Bāyezīd II (r. 886/1481-918/1512) and his Celestial Interests
Creators: name: Şen, A. Tunç
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: History
Islamic astrology
Astronomy, Medieval

description: This study seeks to determine the extent of the patronage of the science of the stars (ʿilm al-nuǧūm) at the court of the eighth Ottoman sultan Bāyezīd II (r. 886/1481- 918/1512). Throughout the medieval and early modern Islamicate world munaǧǧims (astronomer-astrologers) offered rulers their expertise in calculating heavenly configurations and interpreting them with a view to predicting future events; here the Ottoman polity is no exception. In the case of Bāyezīd II, however, the sheer number of munaǧǧims employed and texts and instruments commissioned by or dedicated to the sultan unequivocally singles him out and makes it possible to further argue that his deliberate attempt to personally study and cultivate the science of the stars was inextricably related to the broader political, ideological, and cultural agendas at the time. The first part of the article provides statistical evidence on the exceptional nature of Bāyezīd’s patronization of the science of the stars based upon a number of archival documents, taqwīms (annual almanac-prognostications) and related texts presented to the sultan. Here a number of key munaǧǧims active at his court will also be introduced. The second part focuses upon Bāyezīd’s own learned interests and intellectual aspirations, and examine the celestial inquiries of the sultan in light of a few curious archival reports, textual evidence from surviving manuscripts, and testimonies of his contemporaries
Nombres En Desbandada. Deseo de alteridad en la narrativa corta de José Donoso (1924-1996)
Creators: name: Bedoya Ponte, Victor
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Identity
subject: Desire
subject: Posmodernism
subject: Donoso, José
subject: Deleuze, Gilles
subject: Education--Language and Literature
subject: Literature--Latin American
subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: Hispanic American Studies

description: This thesis examines the short fiction published by Chilean writer José Donoso (1924-1996) in his late years. Through the idea of desire, as defined by Gilles Deleuze and Guattari in their L’ Anti-Œdipe, I show how the characters in Donoso’s short stories (Tres novelitas burguesas, Cuatro para Delfina, and Taratuta. Naturaleza muerta con cachimba) experience the wish of being something else (since desire lacks unity and direction, they want different things: social mobility, artistry, sophistication). Their world also lacks a center and therefore the repetition and the difference (Deleuze), is the norm. I also question whether, since Donoso still uses the word ‘identity’, he can be considered a postmodern author; I compare this to the interpretation of Latin America as essentially hybrid (Néstor García Canclini); and I attempt an alternative reading (based on the “trans-modernity” of Enrique Dussel) to understand why Donoso keeps using notions that postmodernism has deemed obsolete.
Magnetic properties and spin dynamics of 3d-4f molecular complexes
Creators: name: Khuntia, P.
name: Mariani, M.
name: Mahajan, A. V.
name: Lascialfari, A.
name: Borsa, F.
name: Pasatoiu, T. D.
name: Andruh, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the magnetic properties of three recently synthesized binuclear molecular complexes [NiNd], [NiGd] and [ZnGd] investigated by dc magnetization and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements. The high-temperature magnetic properties are related to the independent paramagnetic behavior of the two magnetic metal ions within the binuclear entities both in [NiNd] and [NiGd]. On lowering the temperature, the formation of a magnetic dimer, with a low-spin ground state due to antiferromagnetic interaction (J/kB = -25 K) between Ni2+ and Nd3+, is found in the case of [NiNd], while in [NiGd] a ferromagnetic interaction (J/kB = 3.31 K) between the magnetic ions leads to a high-spin (S = 9/2) ground state. The temperature dependence of the proton nuclear spin lattice relaxation rate 1/T1 in [NiNd] is driven by the fluctuation of the hyperfine field at the nuclear site due to relaxation of the magnetization. At high temperature the independent Ni2+ and Nd3+ spins fluctuate fast while at low temperature we observe a slowing down of the fluctuation of the total magnetization of the dimer because of the insurgence of antiferromagnetic spin correlations. The relaxation mechanism in [NiNd] at low temperature is interpreted by a single, temperature dependent, correlation frequency wc\simT^3.5, which reflects the life time broadening of the exchange coupled spins via spin-phonon interaction. The proton NMR signal in [NiGd] could be detected just at room temperature, due to the shortening of relaxation times when T is decreased. The magnetic properties of [ZnGd] are the ones expected from a weakly interacting assembly of isolated moments except for anomalies in the susceptibility and NMR results below 15 K which currently cannot be explained.
A puzzle about adverbials in simultaneous readings of present and past-under-past in Russian
Creators: name: Vostrikova, Ekaterina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: present tense
past tense
past-under-past
present-under-past
de re
attitude reports
temporal adverbials

description: The present and past tense can both get the simultaneous interpretation in comple-

ment clauses when they are embedded under the past tense in Russian. However,

I observe that the adverbials that are allowed with present tense in such contexts

(for example, sejčas ‘now’) are not allowed with the past tense and vice verse (for

example, togda ‘then’ is not allowed with the present). I show that simply restrict-

ing the meaning of those adverbials does not help due to the fact that tenses can

be interpreted de re. In de re construals, tenses are interpreted outside of the clause

they originate in, so no meaning conflict between the tense and the adverbial in

the embedded clause is predicted. I propose that when a tense is interpreted de re,

an adverbial has to be interpreted de re together with it. I show that under this

assumption the observed restriction follows in a direct way.
Sound velocity measurements of tantalum under shock compression in the 10-110 GPa range
Creators: name: Hu, Jianbo
name: Dai, Chengda
name: Yu, Yuying
name: Liu, Zijiang
name: Tan, Ye
name: Zhou, Xianming
name: Tan, Hua
name: Cai, Lingcang
name: wu, Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The high-pressure melting curve of tantalum (Ta) has been the center of a long-standing controversy. Sound velocities along the Hugoniot curve are expected to help in understanding this issue. To that end, we employed a direct-reverse impact technique and velocity interferometry to determine sound velocities of Ta under shock compression in the 10-110 GPa pressure range. The measured longitudinal sound velocities show an obvious kink at ~60 GPa as a function of shock pressure, while the bulk sound velocities show no discontinuity. Such observation could result from a structural transformation associated with a negligible volume change or an electronic topological transition.
Audio Cards for High-Resolution and Economical Electronic Transport Studies
Creators: name: Gopman, Daniel B.
name: Bedau, Daniel
name: Kent, Andrew D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a technique for determining electronic transport properties using commercially available audio cards. Using a typical 24-bit audio card simultaneously as a sine wave generator and a narrow bandwidth ac voltmeter, we show the spectral purity of the analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog conversion stages, including an effective number of bits greater than 16 and dynamic range better than 110 dB. We present two circuits for transport studies using audio cards: a basic circuit using the analog input to sense the voltage generated across a device due to the signal generated simultaneously by the analog output; and a digitally-compensated bridge to compensate for nonlinear behavior of low impedance devices. The basic circuit also functions as a high performance digital lock-in amplifier. We demonstrate the application of an audio card for studying the transport properties of spin-valve nanopillars, a two-terminal device that exhibits Giant Magnetoresistance (GMR) and whose nominal impedance can be switched between two levels by applied magnetic fields and by currents applied by the audio card.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures. Under submission with Review of Scientific Instruments. Submitted February 24, 2012
Effectiveness of a dynein team in tug-of-war helped by reduced load-sensitivity of detachment: evidence from study of bidirectional endosome transport in Dictyostelium discoideum
Creators: name: Bhat, Deepak
name: Gopalakrishnan, Manoj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bidirectional cargo transport by molecular motors in cells is a complex phenomenon, in which the cargo (usually a vesicle) alternately moves in retrograde and anterograde directions. In this case, teams of oppositely pulling motors (eg., kinesin and dynein) bind to the cargo simultaneously, and `coordinate' their activity such that the motion consists of spells of positively and negatively directed segments, separated by pauses of varying duration. A set of recent experiments have analyzed the bidirectional motion of endosomes in the amoeba D. discoideum in detail. It was found that in between directional switches, a team of 5-6 dyneins stall a cargo against a stronger kinesin in tug of war, which lasts for almost a second. As the mean detachment time of a kinesin under its stall load was also observed to be ~ 1s, we infer that the collective detachment time of the dynein assembly must also be similar. Here, we analyze this inference from a modeling perspective, using experimentally measured single-molecule parameters as inputs. We find that the commonly assumed exponential load-dependent detachment rate is inconsistent with observations, as it predicts that a 5-dynein assembly will detach under its combined stall load in less than a hundredth of a second. A modified model where the load-dependent unbinding rate is assumed to saturate at stall-force level for super-stall loads gives results which are in agreement with experimental data. Our analysis suggests that the load-dependent detachment of a dynein in a team is qualitatively different at sub-stall and super-stall loads, a conclusion which is likely to have implications in other situations involving collective effects of many motors.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures, to appear in Phys. Biol
How factive is the perfective?On the interaction between perfectivity and factivity in Polish
Creators: name: Zuchewicz, Karolina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: perfectivity
factivity
veridicality
presupposition
entailment
implicature

description: This paper aims to provide evidence for a systematic correlation between the perfective aspect of the matrix verb and the factive interpretation of embedded object sentences in Polish. Embedding by perfective matrix verbs makes propositions systematically 'more factive' than embedding by their imperfective counterparts. The strength of the inference depends on the semantic class the verb belongs to. The perfective operator introduces a nearly undefined truthfulness feature, which is specified as factive, veridical or reliable depending on the relation between the truth of the proposition expressed by the embedded clause and the event described by the matrix verb.
A Mirror for Princes, A Fiction for Readers: The Habnâme of Veysî and Dream Narratives in Ottoman Turkish Literature
Creators: name: Şen, A. Tunç
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: History
Turkish literature
Dreams in literature

description: This study aims to reconstruct the ways in which an early seventeenth-century text composed by one of the prominent literary figures of his age, Veysî Efendi (d. 1628), was constructed and consumed. Throughout this study, I will discuss the historical and personal contexts under which this text was penned and the ways in which it was received by its readers. In this respect, this article aims at combining two different strands of analysis. On the one hand, I will examine the content of the text, its distinctive stylistic features, the immediate historical circumstances in which it was produced, and the authorial intentions shaped by Veysî's career expectations. On the other hand, in light of reader responses to the narratives we have available, the work's textual adventure in manuscript culture, and the relative success it achieved throughout the nineteenth-century print world, where a new dream-utopia literature pioneered by the works of Ziya Pasha and Namik Kemal was gaining ground, I will argue that, unlike current scholarly tradition, which tends to see the Habnâme as a mere example of Ottoman advice literature, it is indeed an unequivocally imaginative and inspiring "story".
ERA: Efficient Serial and Parallel Suffix Tree Construction for Very Long Strings
Creators: name: Mansour, Essam
name: Allam, Amin
name: Skiadopoulos, Spiros
name: Kalnis, Panos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The suffix tree is a data structure for indexing strings. It is used in a variety of applications such as bioinformatics, time series analysis, clustering, text editing and data compression. However, when the string and the resulting suffix tree are too large to fit into the main memory, most existing construction algorithms become very inefficient. This paper presents a disk-based suffix tree construction method, called Elastic Range (ERa), which works efficiently with very long strings that are much larger than the available memory. ERa partitions the tree construction process horizontally and vertically and minimizes I/Os by dynamically adjusting the horizontal partitions independently for each vertical partition, based on the evolving shape of the tree and the available memory. Where appropriate, ERa also groups vertical partitions together to amortize the I/O cost. We developed a serial version; a parallel version for shared-memory and shared-disk multi-core systems; and a parallel version for shared-nothing architectures. ERa indexes the entire human genome in 19 minutes on an ordinary desktop computer. For comparison, the fastest existing method needs 15 minutes using 1024 CPUs on an IBM BlueGene supercomputer.
description: VLDB2012
Design, Analysis, Implementation and Operation of a Brushless Doubly Fed Reluctance Motor Drive
Creators: name: Rebeiro, Ronald Shourav
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: electrical machine design
subject: brushless doubly fed reluctance machine
subject: motor drive implementation
subject: motor drive operation and troubleshooting
subject: Engineering--Electronics and Electrical

description: The permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is a popular choice for variable speed drive (VSD) applications. However, concerns regarding the low availability and price volatility of rare earth permanent magnet materials are encouraging researchers to reduce or even remove the permanent magnets from electrical machines without significantly compromising their performance. The Brushless Doubly Fed Reluctance Machine (BDFRM) can be a promising prospect with its unique advantageous features over other conventional machines. The BDFRM has two stator windings and a reluctance type rotor. It does not consist of brushes, rotor circuits or magnets. This makes the BDFRM an attractive prospect of a controllable, low cost, low maintenance machine which can be even more robust and versatile than the PMSM. If such a machine is commercially realized, it will be highly suitable to operate in locations of limited accessibility or harsh climate. With proper control technique being utilized, it can be an attractive replacement for two important electrical applications: wind power system and electric vehicle. The concept of Brushless Doubly Fed Machine (BDFM) was first introduced more than a century ago. Much of the published literature has analyzed existing designs, rather than focusing on the design process and effective operation of possible commercial machines. This work describes the complete evaluation of a ducted rotor BDFRM design process through time-stepped finite element analysis (FEA), a prototype machine built based on the design, and two-converters based operation of the BDFRM drive in three different operating modes. In this regard, theoretical aspects and control approach are also discussed and explained. Another objective of this work is to investigate the two-converters based frequency sharing operation (Mode-3) of the prototype BDFRM drive. In this case, the total applied frequency is split between the two stator windings with a specific ratio. Thus, the frequency dependent core loss can be reduced. Besides, this approach can provide additional degrees of freedom for control, extend the constant torque region, and increase the machine power density.
Practicing Astral Magic in Sixteenth-Century Ottoman Istanbul: A Treatise on Talismans Attributed to Ibn Kemāl (d. 1534)
Creators: name: Şen, A. Tunç
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Magic
History
Occultism
Astrology
Alchemy

description: The article discusses the topic of astral magic and its practice in the Ottoman Istanbul in the sixteenth century. It offers information on the occult arts and their understudies by the Ottoman sultans in the sixteenth century. Various alchemists and the astrologers worked with Sultan Bayezid II in order to fulfill the royal aims and interest on the sciences. The article also focuses on the Ottoman military campaigns against the Muslim politics, and oneiromancy.
Cardiovascular Changes in Cardiogenic and Obstructive Shocks: Analysis Using a Cardiopulmonary Simulation Model
Creators: name: Giannessi, Massimo
name: Chbat, Nicolas W.
name: Albanese, Antonio
name: Buijs, J. Op Den
name: Magosso, E.
name: Ursino, Mauro
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Medicine
Biomedical engineering

description: Conditions characterized by a fall in cardiac output are associated with alterations in cardiopulmonary variables and activation of cardiovascular and respiratory control mechanisms. In order to study these complex relationships, we developed a comprehensive cardiopulmonary model consisting of a circulation, a respiration and a metabolism block. In this work, the model is used to simulate cardiovascular dynamics in pathological conditions with an acute decrease in heart function. In particular, two conditions are examined: the first is characterized by a decrease in heart contractility, simulated in the model via a reduction in the left ventricular end-systolic elastance. The second consists in an increase in pulmonary arterial resistance, associated with pulmonary embolism. In conclusion, the proposed model may be of value in clinical settings to illustrate the complex relationship among cardiovascular variables.
Ernest Brown’s “Birth of the West”: Early narratives of imagined space and race in Western Canada
Creators: name: Yaremko, Scott
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Western Canada
subject: Settler Colonialism
subject: Colonialism
subject: Photography
subject: Ernest Brown
subject: Edmonton
subject: Canadian Studies
subject: Economics--History
subject: History--Canadian

description: This thesis examines the life and works of settler photographer Ernest Brown, and identifies ways in which Alberta and its Indigenous inhabitants were imagined, perceived and manipulated through his vocation towards history and education. Brown presents a unique case study in the historiography of Western Canadian photography, as he utilized his extensive collection of photographs to establish a museum running from 1933 to 1939 in the heart of Edmonton, as well as a series of teaching pictures called “The Birth of the West.” While many photographers made a living through portrait studios or by selling views as souvenirs, Brown crafted an imagined settler space and history in the West, with specific roles for the Indigenous peoples with whom he was so infatuated.
The Middle Man
Creators: name: Ahmed Asif, Manan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: South Asian literature
Autobiographies

description: A small study of Naomul Hotchand's 1872 memoir (written in Sindh) and the post-colonial nationalist readings of it. Includes the Urdu translation done by Aftab Ahmad; Artwork by Rajkamal Kahlon and Daisy Rockwell.
Presynaptic calcium channels: structure, regulators, and blockers
Creators: name: Kisilevsky, Alexandra E.
name: Zamponi, Gerald W.
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2008

description: The central and peripheral nervous systems express multiple types of ligand and voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs), each with specific physiological roles and pharmacological and electrophysiological properties. The members of the Ca(v)2 calcium channel family are located predominantly at presynaptic nerve terminals, where they are responsible for controlling evoked neurotransmitter release. The activity of these channels is subject to modulation by a number of different means, including alternate splicing, ancillary subunit associations, peptide and small organic blockers, G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), protein kinases, synaptic proteins, and calcium-binding proteins. These multiple and complex modes of calcium channel regulation allow neurons to maintain the specific, physiological window of cytoplasmic calcium concentrations which is required for optimal neurotransmission and proper synaptic function. Moreover, these varying means of channel regulation provide insight into potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of pathological conditions that arise from disturbances in calcium channel signaling. Indeed, considerable efforts are presently underway to identify and develop specific presynaptic calcium channel blockers that can be used as analgesics.
Living Comparatively: On the Comparisons of India and China in the Works of Kang Youwei and Zhang Taiyan
Creators: name: Liu, Andrew B.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Chinese literature

description: This paper examines the comparisons between India and China that were advanced by two exiled Chinese intellectuals at the turn of the twentieth-century: Kang Youwei and Zhang Taiyan (Zhang Binglin).
Optical and Near Infrared Monitoring of the Black-Hole X-ray Binary GX 339-4 During 2002-2010
Creators: name: Buxton, Michelle M.
name: Bailyn, Charles D.
name: Capelo, Holly L.
name: Chatterjee, Ritaban
name: Dincer, Tolga
name: Kalemci, Emrah
name: Tomsick, John A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the optical/infra-red lightcurve (O/IR) of the black hole X-ray binary GX 339-4 collected at the SMARTS 1.3m telescope from 2002 to 2010. During this time the source has undergone numerous state transitions including hard-to-soft state transitions when we see large changes in the near-IR flux accompanied by modest changes in optical flux, and three rebrightening events in 2003, 2005 and 2007 after GX 339-4 transitioned from the soft state to the hard. All but one outburst show similar behavior in the X-ray hardness-intensity diagram. We show that the O/IR colors follow two distinct tracks that reflect either the hard or soft X-ray state of the source. Thus, either of these two X-ray states can be inferred from O/IR observations alone. From these correlations we have constructed spectral energy distributions of the soft and hard states. During the hard state, the near-IR data have the same spectral slope as simultaneous radio data when GX 339-4 was in a bright optical state, implying that the near-IR is dominated by a non-thermal source, most likely originating from jets. Non-thermal emission dominates the near-IR bands during the hard state at all but the faintest optical states, and the fraction of non-thermal emission increases with increasing optical brightness. The spectral slope of the optical bands indicate that a heated thermal source is present during both the soft and hard X-ray states, even when GX 339-4 is at its faintest optical state. We have conducted a timing analysis of the light curve for the hard and soft states and find no evidence of a characteristic timescale within the range of 4-230 days.
description: Accepted for publication in AJ, Table 3 can be viewed at http://www.astro.yale.edu/buxton/GX339/
A Comparative Analysis of the Roman and Portuguese Pepper Trade
Creators: name: De Romanis, Federico
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Spice trade
Spice trade in literature

description: A comparison of the pepper trade in the ancient and early modern eras allows insights that might otherwise be missed during the individual analysis of Indian trade in each time period. The abundant and rich documentation of the early modern period helps to clarify the rarer and more controversial ancient documents, which in their turn demonstrate the chronological depth of a phenomenon so clearly observable in the modern age. For instance, information obtained from early modern travelogues helps both to define the geographical, ecological and anthropological context of surplus Malabar pepper production and to decipher the cryptic references to production in the classical literature. What emerges is that, from antiquity to modernity, trade depended less on the pepper harvested by the low caste people in the small gardens of the coastal areas than on the pepper collected by the tribal people in the highland forests of the Ghats.
Assessment of causes of irreversible fouling in powdered activated carbon/ultrafiltration membrane (PAC/UF) systems
Creators: name: Isabel, Londono Cristina
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Powdered Activated Carbon (PAC) has been successfully used in conjunction with membrane ultrafiltration (UF) to reduce taste, odour, colour and other concerns caused by organic material present in raw drinking water sources. PAC addition also typically significantly reduces the extent of fouling in hybrid PAC/UF systems. However, in some cases, PAC addition can have a significant negative effect by increasing irreversible membrane fouling. The present study was developed to assess the cause of irreversible fouling in a system for which PAC addition had a negative effect. The first part of the study evaluated if irreversible fouling could potentially be due to the breakdown of PAC particles in a PAC/UF membrane system. Particle size analysis of the virgin PAC suggested that pore plugging was unlikely because the PAC was too large. However, when exposed to relatively high shear conditions typical of UF systems, the size of the PAC was observed to decrease to a range comparable to that of the size of the pores in the UF membranes used. However results from the analysis of a bench scale PAC/UF system suggested that irreversible fouling was not solely due to the direct plugging of membrane. The decrease in the permeability for the irreversibly fouled system with PAC was observed to be linear over time, suggesting that irreversible fouling was possible due to the formation of a cake layer by PAC. This was confirmed with FESEM imaging. The second part of the study aimed to characterize the foulants in the cake layer on PAC/UF hollow fibres. FESEM and SEM-EDX were performed to obtain insight on the characteristics of the membrane surface of the hollow fibres. Sonication and a novel solubilisation technique were used to analyze the foulants in/on the membrane surface of the hollow fibres. Organic and inorganic material extracted from the fouled membrane suggested that these have great influence on the PAC cake layer formation on membrane fibres. The results from the study indicate that PAC does not cause irreversible membrane fouling in PAC/UF systems by itself, but it may facilitate the absorption of organic and inorganic material causing irreversible fouling.
The additive group of a Lie nilpotent associative ring
Creators: name: Krasilnikov, Alexei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16R10, 16R40

description: Let Z be the free unitary associative ring freely generated by an infinite countable set X = {x_1, x_2,...}. Define a left-normed commutator [x_1, x_2, ..., x_n] by [a,b] = ab - ba, [a,b,c] = [[a,b],c]. For n \ge 2, let T^(n) be the ideal in Z generated by all commutators [a_1,a_2,..., a_n] (a_i \in Z). It can be easily seen that the additive group of the quotient ring Z /T^(2) is a free abelian group. Recently Bhupatiraju, Etingof, Jordan, Kuszmaul and Li have noted that the additive group of Z /T^(3) is free abelian as well. In the present note we show that this is not the case for Z /T^(4). More precisely, let T^(3,2) be the ideal in Z generated by T^(4) together with all elements [a_1, a_2, a_3][a_4, a_5] (a_i \in Z). We prove that T^(3,2)/T^(4) is a non-trivial elementary abelian 3-group and the additive group of Z /T^(3,2) is free abelian.
description: 13 pages. Proposition 1.5, Remarks 1.6 and 2.3 and some references added
CCOs and the hidden magnetic field scenario
Creators: name: Viganò, Daniele
name: Pons, Jose A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CCOs are X-ray sources lying close the center of supernova remnants, with inferred values of the surface magnetic fields significantly lower (less than about 1e11 G) than those of standard pulsars. In this paper, we revise the hidden magnetic field scenario, presenting the first 2D simulations of the submergence and reemergence of the magnetic field in the crust of a neutron star. A post-supernova accretion stage of about 1e-4-1e-3 solar masses over a vast region of the surface is required to bury the magnetic field into the inner crust. When accretion stops, the field reemerges on a typical timescale of 1-100 kyr, depending on the submergence conditions. After this stage, the surface magnetic field is restored close to its birth values. A possible observable consequence of the hidden magnetic field is the anisotropy of the surface temperature distribution, in agreement with observations of several of these sources. We conclude that the hidden magnetic field model is viable as alternative to the anti-magnetar scenario, and it could provide the missing link between CCOs and the other classes of isolated neutron stars.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, MNRAS
Doubly filled COMP in Czech and Slovenian interrogatives
Creators: name: Bacskai-Atkari, Julia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: complementiser
doubly filled COMP
echo questions
finiteness
interrogative clause
wh-movement

description: This article investigates the syntax of doubly filled COMP patterns in Czech and Slovenian interrogatives from a cross-linguistic perspective, concentrating on the differences between Germanic and Slavic doubly Filled COMP. In Germanic, dialects that allow the doubly filled COMP pattern do so to lexicalise a C head specified as [fin] with overt material, which is regularly carried out by verb movement in main clauses (e.g. V2 in German, T-to-C in English interrogatives) and by the interrogative complementiser in embedded polar questions. The insertion of the complementiser has no interpretive effect on the clause and is restricted to embedded clauses. By contrast, in Czech and Slovenian a complementiser can be inserted even in main clauses, and while its presence is optional, its insertion triggers an interpretive difference, resulting in an echo reading. I argue that while in Germanic, the C head is specified as [wh] and is checked off by the wh-element, in Slavic the C is not specified as [wh] and the type of the clause hence matches the properties of the inserted declarative head. In turn, the wh-element moves because it is focused: echo questions are closer to focus constructions than to ordinary questions.
What Can Student Right-to-Know Graduation Rates Tell Us About Community College Performance?
Creators: name: Bailey, Thomas R.
name: Crosta, Peter Michael
name: Jenkins, Paul Davis
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Community college students--Education
Community colleges
Educational evaluation

description: This paper examines the validity of the Student Right-to-Know (SRK) graduation rates as measures of community college performance. The SRK rates are the only performance measures available for every undergraduate institution in the U.S. Many community college educators argue that the SRK rates give an inaccurate picture of community college outcomes. Using data from national longitudinal surveys of college students, we examined criticisms commonly leveled against the SRK measures and found that the SRK rates do indeed yield a biased and potentially misleading picture of individual community college student outcomes. We then analyzed the usefulness of the SRK rate as a measure of relative institutional performance. Specifically, we considered whether using different measures of performance would result in substantially different rankings of Florida’s 28 community colleges. Contrary to initial expectations, we found that the relative performance of the colleges did not change substantially as different students or outcomes were used. Even after we adjusted for student characteristics that might affect outcomes, the college rankings were still fairly stable.
Washington State's Integrated Basic Education and Skills Training Program (I-BEST): New Evidence of Effectiveness
Creators: name: Zeidenberg, Matthew
name: Cho, Sung-Woo
name: Jenkins, Paul Davis
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Community college students--Education
Community colleges
Labor economics

description: In response to the low rates at which adult basic skills students advance to and succeed in college-level occupational programs, the Washington State Board for Community and Technical Colleges (SBCTC) developed the Integrated Basic Education and Skills Training, or I-BEST. In the I-BEST model, a basic skills instructor and an occupational instructor team teach occupational courses with integrated basic skills content, and students receive college-level credit for the occupational coursework. In this study, we examined the impact of I-BEST on students enrolled in the program in 2006““07 and 2007““08. We measured seven educational outcome variables: (1) whether a student earned any college credit (of any kind), (2) whether a student earned any occupational college credit, (3) the number of college credits a student earned, (4) the number of occupational college credits a student earned, (5) whether or not a student persisted to the following year after initial enrollment, (6) whether a student earned a certificate or degree, and (7) whether a student achieved point gains on basic skills tests. We also examined two labor market outcomes: the change in wages for those who were employed both before and after program enrollment, and the change in the number of hours worked after leaving the program. We found that enrollment in I-BEST had positive impacts on all but one of the educational outcomes (persistence was not affected), but no impact on the two labor market outcomes. However, I-BEST students in our sample were entering the labor market just as the economy was entering a major recession, and perhaps a future evaluation will reveal better labor market outcomes. We performed a difference-in-differences (DID) analysis and found that students who attended colleges with I-BEST after the program was implemented were 7.5 percentage points more likely to earn a certificate within three years and almost 10 percentage points more likely to earn some college credits, relative to students who were not exposed to I-BEST. Unlike the regression and PSM analyses we carried out, the DID approach allows us to make causal inferences about the effectiveness of I-BEST. The DID findings are especially impressive given that they are based on the effects of I-BEST during their first year of implementation at the subset of colleges offering the "treatment" examined. We assume that the effectiveness of the I-BEST model will improve as colleges gain more experience with it.
Valuable Learning or "Spinning Their Wheels"? Understanding Excess Credits Earned by Community College Associate Degree Completers
Creators: name: Zeidenberg, Matthew
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Community college students--Education
Community colleges

description: Substantial numbers of students who earn an associate degree from a community college accumulate more college credits than are required. This is an important phenomenon for at least two related reasons. First, it raises the issue of efficiency: Are students getting their degrees in the most expeditious manner, both in terms of time out of the labor market and in terms of the monetary cost of attaining the degree? Second, to what extent is the extra work undertaken by students beneficial to them, even when it does not contribute to degree attainment? This paper documents the phenomenon of excess credits by examining the credit distributions of six recent cohorts of students in one state‘s community college system. The analysis is limited to the records of those students who completed associate degrees. The main contribution of this paper to the existing literature is that it considers excess credits in the context of particular degree programs. I first examine the extent of excess credits overall in the community college system. Then I present case studies of individual degree programs to better understand the details of what may be generating the excess credits within these programs. The paper finds that excess credits accounted for about 12 percent of all college-level credits earned by students who completed a degree, with substantial variation among students in different programs. Among the excess credits of students enrolled in particular programs, most were spread out over a wide variety of subject-specific and general courses. Finally, while this paper does not seek to make any normative judgments on the value of excess credits, I discuss possible reasons that may contribute to excess credits and conclude with methodologies that individual colleges and college systems could employ to assess the extent and nature of excess credits for their students, thereby allowing practitioners to ascertain the relative value of excess credits in their systems.
Baxter's T-Q equation, SU(N)/SU(2)^{N-3} correspondence and Ω-deformed Seiberg-Witten prepotential
Creators: name: Muneyuki, Kenji
name: Tai, Ta-Sheng
name: Yonezawa, Nobuhiro
name: Yoshioka, Reiji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study Baxter's T-Q equation of XXX spin-chain models under the semiclassical limit where an intriguing SU(N)/SU(2)^{N-3} correspondence emerges. That is, two kinds of 4D \mathcal{N}=2 superconformal field theories having the above different gauge groups are encoded simultaneously in one Baxter's T-Q equation which captures their spectral curves. For example, while one is SU(N_c) with N_f=2N_c flavors the other turns out to be SU(2)^{N_c-3} with N_c hyper-multiplets (N_c > 3). It is seen that the corresponding Seiberg-Witten differential supports our proposal.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures; v3: a mistaken upload; v4: a typo in arXiv title corrected (SU(N)=SU(2)^{N-3}---->SU(N)/SU(2)^{N-3}); v5: three references added