cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Sugarcane Straw Derived Biochar for the Remediation of Chromium and Nickel Contaminated Soil
Creators: name: Selam, Masresha
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2018

description: Soil constitutes a crucial component of rural and urban environments. This fact is making role of heavy and trace elements in the soil system an issue of global concern. Heavy metals constitute an ill-defined group of inorganic chemical hazards, whose main source is anthropogenic activities mainly related to fabrications. This accumulation of heavy metals soils can prove toxic to the environment. The application of biochar to soil is one way of immobilizing these contaminants through sorption by exploiting the high surface area of this material among its other essential properties. This research examined the ability of sugar cane straw, an organic waste material from sugar farm, derived biochar and ash to remediate soil contaminated with heavy metals mainly Chromium and Zinc from the effluent of electroplating industry. Biochar was produced by varying the temperature from 300°C to 500°C and ash at 700°C. The highest yield (50%) was obtained at the lowest temperature (300°C). The proximate analysis showed ash content of 42.8%, ultimate analysis with carbon content of 67.18%, the Hydrogen to Carbon ratio of 0.54 and the results from FTIR analysis disclosed the organic nature of biochar. Methylene blue absorption indicated its fine surface area and pore structure which increases with severity of temperature. Biochar was mixed with soil with at a ration varying from 4%w/w to 10%w/w of soil and the response variables was determined at a time interval of 150 days, 180days and 210days. As for ash (10% w/w), the characterization was performed at incubation time of 210days. The results of pH indicated that biochar (9.24) had a notable liming capacity of acidic soil (4.8) by increasing it to 6.89 whereas ash increased it to 7.5. The immobilization capacity of biochar was found to effected mostly by the highest production temperature (500°C) which was 75.5% for Chromium and 80.5% for Nickel. In addition, ash was shown to possess an outstanding immobilization capacity of 95.5% and 90.5% for Chromium and Nickel respectively. All in all, The results from these methods showed that biochar produced from this specific biomass possesses the typical functional groups that enable it to store carbon, the appropriate pH that could remediate acidic soil, a fine amount of macro and micro nutrients that would aid plant growth.
Interview with Deirdre McCloskey
Creators: name: :Unav
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: McCloskey, Deirdre N.
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/75343
subject: Surgery
subject: Activism
subject: Academia
subject: Michael Bailey, Economics, Surgery, Family, Trans woman

description: Deirdre talks about her life and transition: from losing her family after transition, to her success as a professor of economics, and her many publications and books. Narrator Name: Deirdre McCloskey. Interviewer Name: Evan Taylor. Pronouns: She.
title: Exploring the geothermal potential of North Rhine-Westphalia – insights into the intermediate and deeper subsurface
Creators: name: Esteban Lopez, Sarah
name: Nokar, Kim Roya
name: Sattelberger, Martin
name: Shipilin, Vladimir
name: Tasdemir, Burcu
name: Weber, Immanuel
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
The rising demand for heating applications in North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW) based on regional, climate and environmentally friendly energy sources has prompted the federal state government to further evaluate the geothermal potential of NRW. Therefore, the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Innovation, Digitalisation and Energy and the Geological Survey of NRW have initiated two projects: “Geothermal Characterisation of the Lower Rhineland and northern margin of the Rhenish Mountains” and “Geothermal Characterisation of the Greater Münster area”. These projects investigate the intermediate to deep subsurface to foster the use of hydrothermal energy in NRW.

In the initial stage three regions were defined: the Lower Rhineland, the northern margin of the Rhenish Mountains and the central Münsterland. In these project areas, Cretaceous, Dinantian (Lower Carboniferous) and Middle to Upper Devonian carbonate rocks are of particular interest because they occur at depth levels down to several thousands of meters, and are expected to possess good fluid pathways.

The project’s work packages include the digitalisation and harmonisation of existing geodata, complementing our borehole database system, the implementation of geo- and petrophysical measurements, and the acquisition of 2D seismic data in the central Münsterland, and the central and eastern Lower Rhineland. A first key asset in the project was a c. 300 m deep drilling conducted in the Düsseldorf area.

The results of the projects are presented in a geothermal online portal which serves as a driving force for future geothermal project planning and will assist in taking a step towards a climate-friendly heat supply.
title: C-O-H-S fluids released by subducted serpentinite and the implications for arc-magma oxidation
Creators: name: Duan, Wenyong
name: Schertl, Hans-Peter
name: Willner, Arne P
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
Serpentinites are able to carry H2O, ferric iron, carbon and sulfur into subduction zones, where they stepwise released fluid during dehydration. These C-O-H-S fluids are intimately linked to magma oxidation and ore formation within magmatic arcs. However, the mechanism of the transfers of carbon, sulfur and ferric iron into fluids is poorly known. It is also controversially discussed if C-O-H-S fluids can oxidize arc magmas. Our new thermodynamic models focus on the species produced by C-O-H-S fluids during subduction. Closed system modeling provides molar concentrations of such species under different P-T conditions, showing that reducing species generally have high solubilities at low P-T conditions. Oxidizing species mainly remain in the fluid after increasing P-T conditions. Open system fluid fractionation shows that only 5-14% of carbon is transported to the mantle wedge, while the amount of sulfur loss is as high as 55-100% at sub-arc depths. Almost all lost carbon and sulfur are released as oxidizing species. The redox properties of the fluids are controlled by sulfur, resulting in an oxygen fugacity of the fluids being 0.6-0.95 log units higher than that of the HM buffer. Sulfur loss is a function of the whole-rock compositions and the subduction geothermal gradient, demonstrating elevated sulfur ﬂuxes to be released from serpentinite in cold subduction zones compared to warm ones. Our modeling results are consistent with petrological observations and global-arc-basalt oxygen fugacity calculations and highlight that the C-O-H-S fluids released from the subducted slab can considerably contribute to the composition of arc magmas.
Optimization of Bolted Rail Joint using FEM of National Railway Network of Ethiopia
Creators: name: Ibrahim, Mohmed Ibrahim
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2017

description: Proper functioning of bolted joint is essential for the safe operation of the railway continuity of the rail and for breaking system. The conventional bolted joint resembles structure butt joint consisting of two pieces of rails connected together through two joints bars on either side of their web .The main objective of this study is analyzing and optimize the stresses on bolted joint due to the vertical, lateral and longitudinal force to predict and minimize stress caused. This studies use the hertz contact theory to perform the analysis for three geometric of bolt. The three dimensional model has been developed on modeling package of CATIAV5R16. In CATIAV5R16, different components of wheel/rail assembly i.e. wheel, rail, joint, bars, nuts, bolts are created separately then all components are assembled, and create a complete model of wheel/rail assembly. Assembly model has created in assemble workbench of CATIA after individual component of joint had created on part work bench. After the assembly is accomplished on CATIA, it was imported in to the ANSYSR16 to analyze the stress caused by vertical, lateral load and longitudinal load. ANSYS solves governing differential equations by breaking the problem into small elements. The wheel structure discretized using CONTA174 element. CONTA 170 three dimensional elements are used to discretize rail. During the analysis of wheel/rail contact in ANSYS software, the parameters have been used axle load, angular velocity and gravitational acceleration. From ANSYS software simulation static and dynamic result when M32 geometric, the rail joint highly exposed to the equivalent, normal, shear stresses than the rest. For this reason, the service life of the rail joint of M32 is small as compared to the remaining rail joint location. When M34 bolt geometric; the stress on the rail joint is small in comparison to M30 and M32 bolt geometric. So M34 bolt geometric will be better to use by national railway than M32 bolt geometric.
title: Low-grade Blueschist-facies Metamorphism in the Central Yarlung Suture Zone, Southern Tibet
Creators: name: Sun, Guangming
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
Blueschists are mostly metamorphosed basaltic rocks that form at high-pressure and low-temperature conditions and characterize sodic amphibole as the major constituent mineral. Blueschists in southern Tibet are distributed as discontinuous blocks in sedimentary-matrix mélange within the Yarlung Suture Zone (YSZ). In this paper, petrographic and mineral chemical studies and pseudosection modelling were carried out to constrain the metamorphic conditions and evolution of blueschists in the central YSZ. Blueschists from Sangsang area are characterized by presence of sodic amphibole, epidote, chlorite, muscovite, omphacite and sphene in the peak metamorphic assemblage. Sodic amphiboles in Sangsang blueschist are identified as magnesioriebeckite in chemical compositions. Pseudosection calculations and intersection of isopleths indicate peak metamorphic conditions of 7.8kbar at 355°C. Blueschists from Kadui area contain metamorphic assemblages of sodic amphibole, epidote, chlorite, omphacite with accessory sphene. The amphibole in Kadui blueschist shows zoned from actinolite core to ferrowinchite/riebeckite rim and actinolite outmost rim. The metamorphic conditions of Kadui blueschists are estimated to be 360°C and 7.5kbar based on available phase equilibria and sodic amphibole compositions. These P–T conditions are consistent with metamorphism in the low-grade blueschist facies, burial depths of 25–27 km and a thermal gradient of 13–14°C/km. Our new findings indicate that the blueschist in the central part of YSZ experienced low-grade blueschist-facies metamorphism at shallow depths in subduction channel as a response to a northward subduction of the Neo-Tethyan oceanic lithosphere during the initial India–Asia collision stage.
On the origin of C$_4$H and CH$_3$OH in protostellar envelopes
Creators: name: Lindberg, Johan E.
name: Charnley, Steven B.
name: Cordiner, Martin A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formation pathways of different types of organic molecules in protostellar envelopes and other regions of star formation are subjects of intense current interest. We here present observations of C$_4$H and CH$_3$OH, tracing two distinct groups of interstellar organic molecules, toward 16 protostars in the Ophiuchus and Corona Australis molecular clouds. Together with observations in the literature, we present C$_4$H and CH$_3$OH data from single-dish observations of 40 embedded protostars. We find no correlation between the C$_4$H and CH$_3$OH column densities in this large sample. Based on this lack of correlation, a difference in line profiles between C$_4$H and CH$_3$OH, and previous interferometric observations of similar sources, we propose that the emission from these two molecules is spatially separated, with the CH$_3$OH tracing gas that has been transiently heated to high ($\sim$70-100 K) temperatures, and the C$_4$H tracing the cooler large-scale envelope where CH$_4$ molecules have been liberated from ices. These results provide insight in the differentiation between hot corino and warm carbon-chain chemistry in embedded protostars.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in ApJL
Kinodynamic Motion Planning: A Novel Type Of Nonlinear, Passive Damping Forces And Advantages
Creators: name: Masoud, Ahmad A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This article extends the capabilities of the harmonic potential field approach to planning to cover both the kinematic and dynamic aspects of a robot motion. The suggested approach converts the gradient guidance field from a harmonic potential to a control signal by augmenting it with a novel type of damping forces called nonlinear, anisotropic, damping forces. The combination of the two provides a signal that can both guide a robot and effectively manage its dynamics. The kinodynamic planning signal inherits the guidance capabilities of the harmonic gradient field. It can also be easily configured to efficiently suppress the inertia-induced transients in the robot trajectory without compromising the speed of operation. The approach works with dissipative systems as well as systems acted on by external forces without needing the full knowledge of the system dynamics. Theoretical developments and simulation results are provided in this article.
title: Comparing data-driven landslide susceptibility mapping methods and the impact of modifying the study area and sampling method in the Hunza Valley (Pakistan)
Creators: name: Schüßler, Nick
name: Torizin, Jewgenij
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description: We compared artificial neural networks (ANN), frequency ratio (FR), logistic regression (LR), and weights of evidence (WoE) for landslide susceptibility mapping in the Hunza Valley, Pakistan. We applied different data manipulation techniques (e.g. feature masking and sampling) to analyze their effects on the model. The landslide inventory was collected using Google Earth satellite images. The corresponding potential causative factors were derived from a geological map, a digital elevation model, and satellite imagery data. We evaluated the models with receiver operating characteristics curves using cross validation.
Using the validation data, ANN showed the best performance, followed by LR, WoE, and FR. All applied procedures achieved good and comprehensible results. However, the susceptibility patterns show substantial differences. Modifying the study area (e.g. excluding trivial areas, such as glaciers) and using different sampling strategies significantly impacts the susceptibility patterns in all models.
We recommend the use of WoE and FR in large areas with few causative factors, despite their lower performance, as their models are more robust in areas with few observations compared to LR and ANN. ANNs unfold their potential for landslide susceptibility mapping only completely in areas with many non-linear correlated continues data sets, where they are superior to other methods. Modifying the study area and sampling technique can have a bigger impact on the final susceptibility model than using another data-driven landslide susceptibility mapping method.
Impact of the electronic band structure in high-harmonic generation spectra of solids
Creators: name: Tancogne-Dejean, Nicolas
name: Mücke, Oliver D.
name: Kärtner, Franz X.
name: Rubio, Angel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An accurate analytic model describing high-harmonic generation (HHG) in solids is derived. Extensive first-principles simulations within a time-dependent density-functional framework corroborate the conclusions of the model. Our results reveal that: (i) the emitted HHG spectra are highly anisotropic and laser-polarization dependent even for cubic crystals, (ii) the harmonic emission is enhanced by the inhomogeneity of the electron-nuclei potential, the yield is increased for heavier atoms, and (iii) the cutoff photon energy is driver-wavelength independent. Moreover, we show that it is possible to predict the laser polarization for optimal HHG in bulk crystals solely from the knowledge of their electronic band structure. Our results pave the way to better control and optimize HHG in solids by engineering their band structure.
title: Mass dependent δ74/70Ge variations within chondrites: Insights on inner–outer Solar System dichotomy
Creators: name: Florin, Guillaume
name: Luais, Béatrice
name: Cividini, Damien
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
The moderately siderophile and volatile elements are strong tracers of early solar nebula processes, including condensation and accretion-collision of meteorite parent bodies. Among them, the germanium (T50% condensation=825K) shows significant isotopic fractionation between metal and silicate phases in undifferentiated chondrites and in differentiated planetesimal reservoirs (i.e. mantle–core) [1,2]. Additionally, germanium isotopic data (δ74/70Ge‰) correlate with oxygen anomalies (Δ17O) in ordinary chondrites [1], demonstrating its capacity to trace oxidizing processes during accretion as well as genetic links between parent bodies. Here we present new high precision δ74/70Ge data obtained on bulk carbonaceous (CC) and ordinary (OC) chondrites, and an enhanced version of the δ74/70Ge–Δ17O correlation to assess NC-CC dichotomy.

Bulk CC have positive δ74/70Ge values, showing exceptional large variations of ≈1‰, from CI (Orgueil) with the heaviest composition (δ74/70Ge=+0.901±0.060‰) toward lighter composition in CV (Allende) (δ74/70Ge=+0.096±0.120‰), whereas bulk ordinary chondrites display negative δ74/70Ge [1]. The δ74/70Ge values and matrix fraction (%) of OCs and CCs are positively correlated and describe a mixing line between CI composition and a [Ge]-depleted–δ74/70Ge-light component. In addition, OC and CC type chondrites present fundamental stable δ74/70Ge dichotomy that follow O, Ti, and Cr isotopic anomalies [3]. Within CC, the mass dependent δ74/70Ge compositions are exceptionally well correlated with D17O, e54Ti, and e54Cr, questioning the origin and processes that lead to isotopic signature dichotomy between the inner and outer the Solar System.

[1] Florin G. et al. (2020) GCA 269:270-291. [2] Luais B. (2007) EPSL 262:21-36. [3] Warren P. (2011) EPSL 311:93-100.
Numerical simulations challenged on the prediction of massive subhalo abundance in galaxy clusters: the case of Abell 2142
Creators: name: Munari, E.
name: Grillo, C.
name: De Lucia, G.
name: Biviano, A.
name: Annunziatella, M.
name: Borgani, S.
name: Lombardi, M.
name: Mercurio, A.
name: Rosati, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this Letter we compare the abundance of member galaxies of a rich, nearby ($z=0.09$) galaxy cluster, Abell 2142, with that of halos of comparable virial mass extracted from sets of state-of-the-art numerical simulations, both collisionless at different resolutions and with the inclusion of baryonic physics in the form of cooling, star formation, and feedback by active galactic nuclei. We also use two semi-analytical models to account for the presence of orphan galaxies. The photometric and spectroscopic information, taken from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 12 (SDSS DR12) database, allows us to estimate the stellar velocity dispersion of member galaxies of Abell 2142. This quantity is used as proxy for the total mass of secure cluster members and is properly compared with that of subhalos in simulations. We find that simulated halos have a statistically significant ($\gtrsim 7$ sigma confidence level) smaller amount of massive (circular velocity above $200\,{\rm km\, s^{-1}}$) subhalos, even before accounting for the possible incompleteness of observations. These results corroborate the findings from a recent strong lensing study of the Hubble Frontier Fields galaxy cluster MACS J0416 \citep{grillo2015} and suggest that the observed difference is already present at the level of dark matter (DM) subhalos and is not solved by introducing baryonic physics. A deeper understanding of this discrepancy between observations and simulations will provide valuable insights into the impact of the physical properties of DM particles and the effect of baryons on the formation and evolution of cosmological structures.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures. Modified to match the version published in ApJL
title: Expanding the U-series disequilibrium dating to minerals beyond Zircon by LA-ICP-MS
Creators: name: Guillong, Marcel
name: Wotzlaw, Jörn-Frederik
name: Keller, Franziska
name: Forni, Francesca
name: Popa, Razvan-Gabriel
name: Bachmann, Olivier
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
In situ U-Th disequilibrium dating is applicable to Uranium bearing minerals crystallizing the past 300 ka and has long been the domain of ion microprobes. We introduced analytical protocols employing laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (LA-ICP-MS) to date igneous zircons in 2016. Using a high sensitivity sector field ICP-MS and applying corrections for interferences yields zircon U-Th isotope data comparable in precision to SIMS data.

When zircon is not available, other minerals may be used for U-Th geochronology. Thanks to the unmatched versatility of LA to vary the ablated amount by increased crater sizes and repetition rate, we showed that this technique is suitable for dating minerals with less than ~1 ppm U. A general approach to date new minerals is established and used successfully on garnet, ilmenite and vesuvianite. Details and challenges using the method, including an unexpected interference from contamination and some results from a quadrupole ICP-MS are discussed.

Examples of ilmenite ages are obtained on samples from the Aso-4 caldera-forming eruption and Nisyros. Magmatic garnets from eruptions at Somma-Vesuvius has been recently proven to give important insights into the lifetime and dynamics of phonolitic magma chambers. Additionally, U-Th disequilibrium dating of vesuvianite in the skarn lithic clasts from the same deposits provides additional information about the timing of interaction of the alkaline magmas from Vesuvius with the carbonate country rocks. The versatility of this technique opens a variety of new avenues for quantifying the timing of earth processes.
Life Cycle Assessment of Kitchen Cabinet: The case of Finfine Furniture Factory (3F)
Creators: name: Tekle, Hiluf
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2014

description: A life cycle assessment (LCA) is conducted for kitchen cabinet manufacturing in Finfine Furniture Factory (3F). The LCA methodology is used to assess the environmental impacts and explore ways alleviating environmental burdens at the kitchen cabinet production stages. The assessment covered the cradle-to-gate production of major inputs to 3F including their transportation to the factory gate. Primary data were collected on materials and resources used as inputs to, and on the product outputs from the factory. Data for the production of upstream inputs and supplements were taken from the USLCI and ELCD databases. The collected data were imported in, and analyzed with the Open LCA software. Emissions from transportation of raw materials were quantified based on emission factors from various studies and guidelines. Thereafter, the resulting life cycle inventory (LCI) table was evaluated with the CML 2001 baseline characterization method to quantify the contribution of the kitchen cabinet manufacturing chain in nine environmental impact categories. The study result indicated that there is an intensive use of particleboard, medium density fiberboard, lumber, and polyvinyl chloride. There is also large environmental impact contribution from the production and use of these materials. The production of particleboard generates significant potentials of Acidification, Terrestrial Eco Toxicity, and Eutrophication with magnitudes of 1.7 kg SO2-eq, 0.04 kg -1,4- DCB-eq, 0.3 kg PO4-eq, respectively. The emissions from the production of MDF cause Human Toxicity and Stratospheric Ozone Depletion with magnitudes of 213.1 kg-1,4-DCB-eq and 3.7x10-6 kg CFC-11 eq, respectively. There is visible contribution from the harvesting stage to Freshwater Aquatic Eco-toxicity and Global Warming with magnitudes of 10.2 kg-1,4-DCB eq and 45.2 kg CO2 eq. The kitchen cabinet production stage is also another important contributor to Photochemical Ozone Creation, Abiotic Depletion and Terrestrial Eco Toxicity with magnitudes of 0.1 kg ethylene eq, 0.52 kg 1,4-DCB eq and 0.04 kg 1,4-DCB eq, respectively. The results of this study clearly indicated that non renewable energy use and emissions from formaldehyde use are the major issues to be prioritized for environmental optimization of the kitchen cabinet manufacturing chain in the factory. Therefore, making energy conservation, using biomass as source of energy and substituting toxic resin (UF) by less toxic resins can minimize the environmental burdens caused by the manufacturing of kitchen cabinet at 3F. Keywords: Life cycle inventory, kitchen cabinet, medium density fiberboard, particle board, impact assessment, urea formaldehyde
title: Experimental investigation of Zn isotope fractionation during sulfur-bearing magma degassing
Creators: name: Yang, Chun
name: Pangritz, Paul
name: Renggli, Christian
name: Burkhardt, Christoph
name: Klemme, Stephan
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
Moderately volatile metal elements like Zn in may be efficiently transported into the gas phase during magma ascending, and during vaporization may fractionate elements and their isotopes between gas and liquid [1-2]. The effect of major volatile elements like S in the melt on the volatilization process of Zn has not yet been investigated systematically. Here we present an experimental approach to test the effect of S on the evaporation of Zn by comparing the chemical and isotopic compositions of silicate glasses that were formed from both, S-bearing and S-free melts in a f(O2)-controlled gas mixing system at 1 bar.

Two series of evaporation experiments (S-bearing and S-free) were conducted with a temperature gradient of 1200-1400 °C, a log f(O2) = -13.2 to -0.68 (at air), and a time duration from 10 to 30 min. The results indicate that the volatility of Zn increased with decreasing f(O2) and increasing temperature during evaporation, while the isotope fractionation factor remained constant. Besides, the presence of S in the silicate melt seems to have a strong effect on the volatilization of Zn, resulting in less Zn remaining and larger Zn isotopic fractionations under highly reduced conditions. Our experiments reveal that the presence of major volatile elements such as S or Cl may have critical impact on the degassing of moderately volatile metal elements, resulting in a poor correlation with their 50% condensation temperatures.

[1] Sossi et al., 2020 GCA 288, 316–340. [2] Renggli and Klemme (2020) JVGR 400, 106929.
Production of large $^{41}$K Bose-Einstein condensates using D1 gray molasses
Creators: name: Chen, Hao-Ze
name: Yao, Xing-Can
name: Wu, Yu-Ping
name: Liu, Xiang-Pei
name: Wang, Xiao-Qiong
name: Wang, Yu-Xuan
name: Chen, Yu-Ao
name: Pan, Jian-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use D1 gray molasses to achieve Bose-Einstein condensation of a large number of $^{41}$K atoms in an optical dipole trap. By combining a new configuration of compressed-MOT with D1 gray molasses, we obtain a cold sample of $2.4\times10^9$ atoms with a temperature as low as 42 $μ$K. After magnetically transferring the atoms into the final glass cell, we perform a two-stage evaporative cooling. A condensate with up to $1.2\times10^6$ atoms in the lowest Zeeman state $|F=1,m_F=1\rangle$ is achieved in the optical dipole trap. Furthermore, we observe two narrow Feshbach resonances in the lowest hyperfine channel, which are in good agreement with theoretical predictions.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
title: Fluid evolution and Re enrichment in the Maronia porphyry system, NE Greece: Insights from pyrite, molybdenite and quartz micro-analysis
Creators: name: Falkenberg, Jan J.
name: Keith, Manuel
name: Haase, Karsten M.
name: Voudouris, Panagiotis
name: Melfos, Vasilios
name: Hohl, Max
name: Beier, Christoph
name: Kutzschbach, Martin
name: Wenske, Julia
name: Klemd, Reiner
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
The monzonitic-granitic intrusion of Maronia in NE Greece hosts an anomalously Re-rich Cu-Mo ± Au porphyry system. The mineralization is dominated by pyrite, molybdenite, chalcopyrite, native Au, and rheniite (ReS2) in quartz-bearing hydrothermal veins associated with potassic, sericitic, and advanced argillic alteration. To decipher the hydrothermal processes leading to the enrichment of Re, Mo, and Au, we used detailed imaging techniques such as BSE-SEM and CL-SEM combined with in-situ trace element analysis of pyrite, molybdenite, and quartz by EPMA and LA-ICP-MS, in-situ δ34S analysis of pyrite by LA-ICP-MS and fluid inclusion microthermometry in quartz from different veins and miarolitic cavities.

Hydrothermal quartz CL intensity, textures and Al/Ti and Ge/Ti ratios are characteristic for each vein type and Ti-in-quartz thermometry indicates a temperature decrease from 600°C to 300°C during the porphyry-epithermal transition. Arsenic, Au, Ag, Te, Pb, Cd, and Se contents and ratios of As/Sb, Co/As, Se/Tl, Se/Te and Se/Ge in pyrite record changes in the physicochemical fluid conditions. Extreme Re enrichment in molybdenite at Maronia (⌀=3922 ppm) compared to the global average from porphyry deposits (⌀=779 ppm) is likely controlled by a district-wide Re-rich magmatic source, whereas the enrichment of Re in B-type (⌀=5532 ppm) relative to D-type (⌀=1954 ppm) veins seems to be related to changes in fluid temperature, salinity and fO2. Our multi-mineral trace element approach allows us to constrain the framework of the physicochemical fluid parameters during the porphyry-epithermal transition favorable for the enrichment of Re and related precious elements like Au, Ag and Te at Maronia.
Removal of chromium hexavalent (Cr(VI) from aqueous solution using activated carbon prepared from Prosopis Juliflora Plant and find the optimal operating condition for adsorption process.
Creators: name: Emirie, Molalign
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2015

description: In the present study adsorption of chromium (VI) ions from aqueous solution by activated carbon prepared from Prosopis Juliflora plant was investigated under batch mode. The removal of hexavalent chromium was optimized by using response surface methodology. The influence of various process parameters such as initial chromium (VI) concentration, solution pH, sorbent dose and contact time on the removal process were investigated. A total of 30 sorption experimental runs were carried out employing the detailed conditions designed by response surface methodology based on the Central Composite Design. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) depicted that the quadratic model was suitable for the responses. Contour and response surface plots were used to determine the interaction effects of main factors and optimum conditions of process, respectively. From the experimental result, maximum chromium (VI) removal of 99.23 % was obtained at the optimum condition of initial chromium (VI) concentration (80 mg/L), pH (1.5), adsorbent dose (10g/L) and contact time (106.79 min). The experimental removal efficiency (99.23 %) agreed very well with the predicted one (99.27 %), indicating the suitability of the model employed and the success of response surface methodology in optimizing the conditions of the removal of chromium (VI) ions from aqueous solution. Keywords: Response surface methodology; Prosopis Juliflora; adsorption; ANOVA; Contour
Saul Holiff's personal scrapbook
Creators: name: Holiff, Saul, 1925-2005
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Country music
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/881424
subject: Hunter, Tommy
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/171701
subject: Cash, Johnny
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/31281
subject: Paikin, Ann
subject: Holiff, Joel
subject: Hope, Bob, 1903-2003
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/9413
subject: Kaye, Debbie Lori
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/2012712
subject: Musicians
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1030837
subject: Cash, June Carter, 1929-2003
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/31457
subject: Holiff, Morris
subject: Haley, Bill, 1925-1981
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1717753
subject: Families
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1728849
subject: Holiff, Barbara
subject: Popular music
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1071422
subject: Holiff, Saul, 1925-2005
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1958130
subject: Statler Brothers
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/590467
subject: Holiff, Jonathan
subject: Crosby, Bing, 1903-1977
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1427208

description: Scrapbook documenting the life of Saul Holiff, compiled by Holiff. The cover reads LIFF (possibly a play on the name Holiff), which is slightly modified to read LIFE. The scrapbook contains photographs, letters, telegrams, certificates, report cards, newspaper clippings, stationary and business cards, account statements and receipts, and ephemera such as concert tickets, programs, handbills, and posters. Date of creation is uncertain.
Wear Analysis of Overhead Line Contact Wire Using Ansys Workbench Software
Creators: name: Firaol, Gelana
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2015

description: In this thesis, the main objective is analyzing the overhead line contact wire wear rate using ANSYS Workbench software. The wear is defined as the progressive loss of substances from the operating surface of a body occurring as a result of relative motion at the surface. The simulation of contact wire is performed on pin on disc model, where the model is used for sliding contact analysis. The pin made of contact wire materials which are Cu, CuAg, and CuNiSiCr in sliding contact with rotating disc that made of stainless steel. The wear analysis start from modeling pin on disc model to final solution phase is performed on ANSYS Workbench 12.0. Using a displacement boundary condition on pin, disc and holder and applying 617.63 rad/sec rotational velocity on disc the analysis is done. Then by varying the tensile load acted upon the tensile yield strength of the pin material and taking that the region of the pin where maximum equivalent stress occurred is failing or wearing out. The pin model that exhibit maximum equivalent stress has an approximate length of pin that worn out and is taken in order to find the volume of wear material. This process is performed for all sample pin materials taken for wear analysis. Using wear volume the wear rate and wear resistance of material is calculated, those values helps to determine which pin material has high strength to resist the wear from the maximum tensile load. As result of wear analysis, the CuNiSiCr copper alloy has better wear resistance property in comparison to the other sample pure Cu and CuAg materials.
Studies in the international influence of Australian technology 1850-1910
Creators: name: Millar., R.N.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
title: Adsorption of the drug molecule carbamazepine in zeolites: Studying host-guest and guest-guest interactions with DFT calculations
Creators: name: Fischer, Michael
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
In the past two decades, pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) have been identified as environmental contaminants of considerable concern due to their significant hazard potential. The anticonvulsant drug carbamazepine (CBZ, C15H12N2O), widely prescribed in the treatment of epilepsy, is a particularly relevant PPCP contaminant: It is hardly removed by conventional wastewater treatment techniques, shows considerable persistence in environmental waters, and negatively affects different organisms. Currently, various technological options are being considered to remove CBZ and other PPCPs from wastewaters, including (photo)oxidation processes, membrane separations, and adsorption-based separations. Hydrophobic high-silica and all-silica zeolites have been identified as promising adsorbents for the removal of organic contaminants. In this contribution, the adsorption of CBZ in 11 all-silica zeolites having different pore sizes and connectivities was investigated using dispersion-corrected density functional theory (DFT) calculations (CP2K code, rev-vdW-DF2 functional). On the basis of calculations considering a single CBZ molecule per simulation cell, IFR- and AFI-type all-silica zeolites were identified as systems with the highest affinity towards CBZ. Both of these frameworks contain one-dimensional channels outlined by 12-membered rings of SiO4 tetrahedra. An analysis of the lowest-energy configurations showed that a “good fit” of CBZ into the pores, which maximises van der Waals interactions, is critical to achieve a high affinity, whereas hydrogen bonds are only of minor importance. Further calculations investigating the adsorption of two CBZ molecules per simulation cell indicated that attractive guest-guest interactions are more significant in zeolites with larger pores.

Funding by the German Research Foundation (project 455871835) is gratefully acknowledged.
Supplementary materials for Beneficial Microbes: In vitro incubation reveals the human overall gut microbiota composition is resilient to changes in methanogenesis
Creators: name: Wang, T.
name: Smidt, H.
name: Zoetendal, E.G.
Publisher: name: Brill Online
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 320209
subject: Gastroenterology and hepatology

description: Hydrogen metabolism plays a central role in microbial fermentation. However, how hydrogenotrophic microbes impact microbiota composition and metabolite production in gut ecosystems remains largely unknown. Hence this study aims to investigate the impact of altering hydrogenotrophic activities, namely methanogenesis and sulphate reduction, on human gut microbiota composition and metabolite production. Faecal slurries from three methane excretors (MEs) and three non-methane excretors (NMEs) were inoculated into a basal medium with pectin or a carbohydrate mixture as substrates. Methanogenesis was inhibited by adding 2-bromoethanesulfonate to ME incubations or stimulated by adding Methanobrevibacter smithii to NME incubations. Sulphate reduction was stimulated by adding sodium sulphate to both incubations. Our observations revealed that microbial richness and composition, and propionate and methane production differed significantly between MEs and NMEs. Lower hydrogen concentrations were observed in MEs compared to NMEs in the incubations with pectin, but not with the carbohydrate mixture. Remarkably, sulphate was not consumed in either ME or NME incubations. Adding M. smithii to the NME inocula resulted in its persistence in the community and methane production during incubations. The addition of 2-bromoethanesulfonate inhibited methane production in the ME incubations, accompanied with a lower relative abundance of methanogens when pectin was used as substrate. However, altering methanogenesis did not significantly change overall microbiota composition and short-chain fat acid production in MEs and NMEs. These findings suggest that methanogens can occupy a niche in a microbiota that originally lacks methanogens, but that modulating methanogenesis has a minor effect on overall microbiota composition and activity.
Synthetic polarimetric spectra from stellar prominences
Creators: name: Felipe, T.
name: González, M. J. Martínez
name: Ramos, A. Asensio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stellar prominences detected in rapidly rotating stars serve as probes of the magnetism in the corona of cool stars. We have synthesized the temporal evolution of the Stokes profiles generated in the He I 10830 and 5876 A triplets during the rotation of a prominence around a star. The synthesis was performed with the HAZEL code using a cloud model in which the prominence is characterized by a slab located at a fixed latitude and height. It accounts for the scattering polarization and Zeeman and Hanle effects. Several cases with different prominence magnetic field strengths and orientations have been analyzed. The results show an emission feature that drifts across the profile while the prominence is out of the stellar disk. When the prominence eclipses the star, the intensity profile shows an absorption. The scattering induced by the prominence generates linear polarization signals in Stokes Q and U profiles, which are modified by the Hanle effect when a magnetic field is present. Due to the Zeeman effect, Stokes V profiles show a signal with very low amplitude when the magnetic field along the line-of-sight is different from zero. The estimated linear polarization signals could potentially be detected with the future spectropolarimeter MIRADAS, to be attached to GTC telescope.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
title: Kinetic zinc isotope fractionation in olivine phenocrysts records magma evolution history of intra-plate basalts
Creators: name: Yang, Chun
name: Liu, Sheng-Ao
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
Zinc isotope systematics of basaltic magmas have been widely used as novel proxies for terrestrial mantle heterogeneity induced by recycled crustal materials [1-2]. The influence of mineral-melt isotope disequilibrium during magma differentiation on Zn isotopic composition of basaltic melts, nonetheless, has received limited attention. No quantitative constraint has yet been given for the diffusion-driven Zn isotope fractionation between olivine crystals and melts. Here we present high-precision zinc isotope data (δ66ZnJMC-Lyon) for a series of olivine phenocrysts separated from intra-plate basalts from the Jiaodong Peninsula in Eastern China, together with in-situ trace element analysis. Olivine phenocrysts have Zn isotopic compositions which are too light in comparison with the host basaltic melts to be explained by equilibrium isotope fractionation at magmatic temperatures. Instead, the decrease of δ66Zn values with decreasing Mg# and increasing Zn contents in olivine phenocrysts suggests diffusion-driven kinetic fractionation during olivine crystallization. The data is well-fitted with a diffusion model in which Zn diffuses from surrounding melt into olivine crystals due to the large chemical gradient with a kinetic Zn isotope fractionation factor βZn of 0.07. It is suggested that diffusion-induced isotope disequilibrium during olivine crystallization may drive Zn isotopic composition of the residual melt toward heavier values by utilizing the fractional crystallization model. Thus, kinetic effects between phenocryst and melt must be considered when applying zinc isotope systematics of any basaltic magma to probe the source heterogeneity.

[1] Liu et al., 2016, EPSL 444, 169–178. [2] Beunon et al., 2020 Earth-Sci. Rev., 103174
title: Force-balance changes at the subduction-to-collision transition and implications for mountain building
Creators: name:  Dielforder ,  Armin
name:  Hampel ,  Andrea
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2021

description: The elevation of mountain belts increases at the subduction-to-collision transition in response to crustal thickening and processes like slab breakoff, but the main parameters controlling how much mountain height increases remain poorly understood. Based on analytical and finite-element force-balance models, we show that the increase in mountain height depends mainly on the magnitude of the shear force along the plate boundary fault (megathrust) and the reduction of submarine margin relief. During oceanic subduction, the megathrust shear force is balanced by the gravitational effect of the margin relief and the deviatoric stresses in the upper plate are low. When the submarine margin relief is reduced during the closure of the ocean basin, the effect of the gravitational force decreases and the upper plate experiences enhanced deviatoric compression, which allows the mountain height to increase until the deviatoric stresses beneath the high mountains are low again. If the increase in mountain height cannot keep pace with the submarine relief reduction, the compression of the upper plate increases by a few tens of MPa, which promotes tectonic shortening and mountain building. Our findings indicate that mountain height can increase by hundreds of meters to a few kilometers during continental collision, depending primarily on the trench depth during the subduction stage and possible syncollisional changes of the megathrust shear force.