cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Q# Implementation of a Quantum Lookup Table for Quantum Arithmetic Functions
Creators: name: Krishnakumar, Rajiv
name: Soeken, Mathias
name: Roetteler, Martin
name: Zeng, William J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we present Q# implementations for arbitrary single-variabled fixed-point arithmetic operations for a gate-based quantum computer based on lookup tables (LUTs). In general, this is an inefficent way of implementing a function since the number of inputs can be large or even infinite. However, if the input domain can be bounded and there can be some error tolerance in the output (both of which are often the case in practical use-cases), the quantum LUT implementation of certain quantum arithmetic functions can be more efficient than their corresponding reversible arithmetic implementations. We discuss the implementation of the LUT using Q\# and its approximation errors. We then show examples of how to use the LUT to implement quantum arithmetic functions and compare the resources required for the implementation with the current state-of-the-art bespoke implementations of some commonly used arithmetic functions. The implementation of the LUT is designed for use by practitioners to use when implementing end-to-end quantum algorithms. In addition, given its well-defined approximation errors, the LUT implementation makes for a clear benchmark for evaluating the efficiency of bespoke quantum arithmetic circuits .
(102920) Agnes Ethel Lloyd
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Long-acting anticholinesterases for myasthenia gravis: synthesis and activities of quaternary phenylcarbamates of neostigmine, pyridostigmine and physostigmine
Creators: name: Luo, Weiming
name: Holloway, Harold W.
name: Yu, Qian Sheng
name: Lahiri, Debomoy K.
name: Brossi, Arnold
name: Greig, Nigel H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: The N-monophenylcarbamate analogues of neostigmine methyl sulfate (6) and pyridostigmine bromide (8) together with their precursors (5), (7), and the N(1)-methylammonium analogues of (−)-phenserine (12), (−)-tolserine (14), (−)-cymserine (16) and (−)-phenethylcymserine (18) were synthesized to produce long-acting peripheral inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase or butyrylcholinesterase. Evaluation of their cholinesterase inhibition against human enzyme ex vivo demonstrated that, whereas compounds 5–8 possessed only marginal activity, 12, 14, 16 and 18 proved to be potent anticholinesterases. An extended duration of cholinesterase inhibition was determined in rodent, making them of potential interest as long-acting agents for myasthenia gravis.
(102919) Vivien Lloyd
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Additional file 1 of On the validity of the centrality hypothesis in cross-sectional between-subject networks of psychopathology
Creators: name: Spiller, Tobias R.
name: Levi, Ofir
name: Neria, Yuval
name: Suarez-Jimenez, Benjamin
name: Bar-Haim, Yair
name: Lazarov, Amit
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. PTSD symptom severity per treatment type at pre and post treatment. Table S2. Communities detected using the walktrap algorithm.
(102917) Maria Neve
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Dynamical Effects of Magnetic Opacity in Neutron Star Accretion Columns
Creators: name: Sheng, Xin
name: Zhang, Lizhong
name: Blaes, Omer
name: Jiang, Yan-Fei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present relativistic, radiation magnetohydrodynamic simulations of supercritical neutron star accretion columns in Cartesian geometry, including temperature-dependent, polarization-averaged Rosseland mean opacities accounting for classical electron scattering in a magnetic field. Just as in our previous pure Thomson scattering simulations, vertical oscillations of the accretion shock and horizontally propagating entropy waves (photon bubbles) are present in all our simulations. However, at high magnetic fields $\gtrsim10^{12}$~G, the magnetic opacities produce significant differences in the overall structure and dynamics of the column. At fixed accretion rate, increasing the magnetic field strength results in a shorter accretion column, despite the fact that the overall opacity within the column is larger. Moreover, the vertical oscillation amplitude of the column is reduced. Increasing the accretion rate at high magnetic fields restores the height of the column. However, a new, slower instability takes place at these field strengths because they are in a regime where the opacity increases with temperature. This instability causes both the average height of the column and the oscillation amplitude to substantially increase on a time scale of $\sim10$~ms. We provide physical explanations for these results, and discuss their implications for the observed properties of these columns, including mixed fan-beam/pencil-beam emission patterns caused by the oscillations.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Guided contrastive self-supervised pre-training for automatic speech recognition
Creators: name: Khare, Aparna
name: Wu, Minhua
name: Bhati, Saurabhchand
name: Droppo, Jasha
name: Maas, Roland
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Contrastive Predictive Coding (CPC) is a representation learning method that maximizes the mutual information between intermediate latent representations and the output of a given model. It can be used to effectively initialize the encoder of an Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) model. We present a novel modification of CPC called Guided Contrastive Predictive Coding (GCPC). Our proposed method maximizes the mutual information between representations from a prior-knowledge model and the output of the model being pre-trained, allowing prior knowledge injection during pre-training. We validate our method on 3 ASR tasks: German, French and English. Our method outperforms CPC pre-training on all three datasets, reducing the Word Error Rate (WER) by 4.44%, 6.55% and 15.43% relative on the German, French and English (Librispeech) tasks respectively, compared to training from scratch, while CPC pre-training only brings 2.96%, 1.01% and 14.39% relative WER reduction respectively.
description: To appear in SLT 2022
Location Anomalies Detection for Connected and Autonomous Vehicles
Creators: name: Wang, Xiaoyang
name: Mavromatis, Ioannis
name: Tassi, Andrea
name: Santos-Rodriguez, Raul
name: Piechocki, Robert J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Future Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAV), and more generally ITS, will form a highly interconnected system. Such a paradigm is referred to as the Internet of Vehicles (herein Internet of CAVs) and is a prerequisite to orchestrate traffic flows in cities. For optimal decision making and supervision, traffic centres will have access to suitably anonymized CAV mobility information. Safe and secure operations will then be contingent on early detection of anomalies. In this paper, a novel unsupervised learning model based on deep autoencoder is proposed to detect the self-reported location anomaly in CAVs, using vehicle locations and the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) as features. Quantitative experiments on simulation datasets show that the proposed approach is effective and robust in detecting self-reported location anomalies.
description: Accepted to IEEE CAVS 2019
(102916) John Sidney
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Data science transfer pathways from associate's to bachelor's programs
Creators: name: Baumer, Benjamin S.
name: Horton, Nicholas J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Other Statistics (stat.OT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: K.3.2
subject: 97B40, 62-07

description: A substantial fraction of students who complete their college education at a public university in the United States begin their journey at one of the 935 public two-year colleges. While the number of four-year colleges offering bachelor's degrees in data science continues to increase, data science instruction at many two-year colleges lags behind. A major impediment is the relative paucity of introductory data science courses that serve multiple student audiences and can easily transfer. In addition, the lack of pre-defined transfer pathways (or articulation agreements) for data science creates a growing disconnect that leaves students who want to study data science at a disadvantage. We describe opportunities and barriers to data science transfer pathways. Five points of curricular friction merit attention: 1) a first course in data science, 2) a second course in data science, 3) a course in scientific computing, data science workflow, and/or reproducible computing, 4) lab sciences, and 5) navigating communication, ethics, and application domain requirements in the context of general education and liberal arts course mappings. We catalog existing transfer pathways, efforts to align curricula across institutions, obstacles to overcome with minimally-disruptive solutions, and approaches to foster these pathways. Improvements in these areas are critically important to ensure that a broad and diverse set of students are able to engage and succeed in undergraduate data science programs.
(102915) Horace Read Sidney
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Additional file 2 of On the validity of the centrality hypothesis in cross-sectional between-subject networks of psychopathology
Creators: name: Spiller, Tobias R.
name: Levi, Ofir
name: Neria, Yuval
name: Suarez-Jimenez, Benjamin
name: Bar-Haim, Yair
name: Lazarov, Amit
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. The PTSD symptom network based on CAPS assessment at pre-treatment. Figure S2. The PTSD symptom network based on CAPS assessment at post-treatment. Figure S3. The PTSD symptom network based on PCL assessment at pre-treatment. Figure S4. The PTSD symptom network based on PCL assessment at post-treatment. Figure S5. Bootstrap node strength difference test of the nodes of the CAPS pre-treatment network. Figure S6. Bootstrap node strength difference test of the nodes of the PCL pre-treatment network (Figure S2). Figure S7. Bootstrap edge weights difference test of the nodes of the pre-treatment CAPS network (Figure S1). Figure SS8. Bootstrap edge weights difference test of the nodes of the pre-treatment PCL network (Figure S2). Figure S9. Bootstrap 95% confidence intervals for estimated edge weights for the pre-treatment CAPS network (Figure S1). Figure S10. Bootstrap 95% confidence intervals for estimated edge weights for the pre-treatment PCL network (Figure S2). Figure S11. Strength and Expected Influence of the pre-treatment CAPS network (Figure S1). Figure S12. Strength and Expected Influence of the pre-treatment PCL network (Figure S3). Figure S13. Scatterplots for the relationship between the two non-significant node metrics and the Δnode - Δnetwork association for networks based on the CAPS with and without the “amnesia” item. Figure S14. Scatterplots for the relationship between the two non-significant node metrics and the Δnode - Δnetwork association for networks based on the PTSD Checklist (PCL) with and without the “amnesia” item.
Antitumor agents 283. Further elaboration of Desmosdumotin C analogs as potent antitumor agents: Activation of spindle assembly checkpoint as possible mode of action
Creators: name: Yang, Pan Chyr
name: Chen, Hsuan Yu
name: Wu, Pei Chi
name: Lin, Jau Chen
name: Morris-Natschke, Susan L.
name: Goto, Masuo
name: Bastow, Kenneth F.
name: Yang, Shuenn Chen
name: Lee, Kuo Hsiung
name: Nakagawa-Goto, Kyoko
name: Yu, Sung Liang
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: In our ongoing study of the desmosdumotin C (1) series, twelve new analogues, 21–32, mainly with structural modifications in ring-A, were prepared and evaluated for in vitro antiproliferative activity against several human tumor cell lines. Among them, the 4′-iodo-3,3,5-tripropyl-4-methoxy analogue (31) showed significant antiproliferative activity against multiple human tumor cell lines with ED50 values of 1.1–2.8 μM. Elongation of the C-3 and C-5 carbon chains reduced activity relative to propyl substituted analogues; however, activity was still better than that of natural compound 1. Among analogues with various ether groups on C-4, compounds with methyl (2) and propyl (26) ethers inhibited cell growth of multiple tumor cells lines, while 28 with an isobutyl ether showed selective antiproliferative activity against lung cancer A549 cells (ED50 1.7 μM). The gene expression profiles showed that 3 may modulate the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) and chromosome separation, and thus, arrest cells at the G2/M-phase.
Discovery of Dipolar Chromospheres in Two White Dwarfs
Creators: name: Farihi, J.
name: Hermes, J. J.
name: Littlefair, S. P.
name: Howarth, I. D.
name: Walters, N.
name: Parsons, S. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper reports the ULTRACAM discovery of dipolar surface spots in two cool magnetic white dwarfs with Balmer emission lines, while a third system exhibits a single spot, similar to the prototype GD 356. The light curves are modeled with simple, circular, isothermal dark spots, yielding relatively large regions with minimum angular radii of 20 deg. For those stars with two light curve minima, the dual spots are likely observed at high inclination (or colatitude), however, identical and antipodal spots cannot simultaneously reproduce both the distinct minima depths and the phases of the light curve maxima. The amplitudes of the multi-band photometric variability reported here are all several times larger than that observed in the prototype GD 356; nevertheless, all DAHe stars with available data appear to have light curve amplitudes that increase toward the blue in correlated ratios. This behavior is consistent with cool spots that produce higher contrasts at shorter wavelengths, with remarkably similar spectral properties given the diversity of magnetic field strengths and rotation rates. These findings support the interpretation that some magnetic white dwarfs generate intrinsic chromospheres as they cool, and that no external source is responsible for the observed temperature inversion. Spectroscopic time-series data for DAHe stars is paramount for further characterization, where it is important to obtain well-sampled data, and consider wavelength shifts, equivalent widths, and spectropolarimetry.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables, accepted to MNRAS
New bichalcone analogs as NF-κB inhibitors and as cytotoxic agents inducing Fas/CD95-dependent apoptosis
Creators: name: Qian, Keduo
name: Shen, Yuh Chiang
name: Hwang, Tsong Long
name: Yang, Jai Sing
name: Bastow, Kenneth F.
name: Wu, Tian Shung
name: Lee, Kuo Hsiung
name: Reddy, M. Vijaya Bhaskar
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: A series of novel bichalcone analogs were synthesized and evaluated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated microglial cells as inhibitors of nitric oxide (NO) and for in vitro anticancer activity using a limited panel of four human cancer cell lines. All analogs inhibited NO production. Compounds 4 and 11 exhibited optimal activity with IC50 values of 0.3 and 0.5 µM, respectively, and were at least 38-fold better than the positive control. A mechanism of action study showed that both compounds significantly blocked the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 and up-regulation of iNOS at 1.0 µM. Compound 4 and three other analogs (3, 20, and 23) exerted significant in vitro anticancer activity GI50 values ranging from 0.70~13.10 µM. A mode of action study using HT-29 colon cancer cells showed that 23 acts by inducing apoptosis signaling.
Regularization of the Light-Cone Gauge Gluon Propagator Singularities Using Sub-Gauge Conditions
Creators: name: Chirilli, Giovanni A.
name: Kovchegov, Yuri V.
name: Wertepny, Douglas E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Perturbative QCD calculations in the light-cone gauge have long suffered from the ambiguity associated with the regularization of the poles in the gluon propagator. In this work we study sub-gauge conditions within the light-cone gauge corresponding to several known ways of regulating the gluon propagator. Using the functional integral calculation of the gluon propagator, we rederive the known sub-gauge conditions for the theta-function gauges and identify the sub-gauge condition for the principal value (PV) regularization of the gluon propagator's light-cone poles. The obtained sub-gauge condition for the PV case is further verified by a sample calculation of the classical Yang-Mills field of two collinear ultrarelativistic point color charges. Our method does not allow one to construct a sub-gauge condition corresponding to the well-known Mandelstam-Leibbrandt prescription for regulating the gluon propagator poles.
description: 19 pages, 2 figures
A duality theoretic view on limits of finite structures
Creators: name: Gehrke, Mai
name: Jakl, Tomáš
name: Reggio, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A systematic theory of structural limits for finite models has been developed by Nesetril and Ossona de Mendez. It is based on the insight that the collection of finite structures can be embedded, via a map they call the Stone pairing, in a space of measures, where the desired limits can be computed. We show that a closely related but finer grained space of measures arises --- via Stone-Priestley duality and the notion of types from model theory --- by enriching the expressive power of first-order logic with certain ``probabilistic operators''. We provide a sound and complete calculus for this extended logic and expose the functorial nature of this construction. The consequences are two-fold. On the one hand, we identify the logical gist of the theory of structural limits. On the other hand, our construction shows that the duality-theoretic variant of the Stone pairing captures the adding of a layer of quantifiers, thus making a strong link to recent work on semiring quantifiers in logic on words. In the process, we identify the model theoretic notion of types as the unifying concept behind this link. These results contribute to bridging the strands of logic in computer science which focus on semantics and on more algorithmic and complexity related areas, respectively.
description: 19 pages
Antitumor agents 290. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of new LNCaP and PC-3 cytotoxic curcumin analogs conjugated with anti-androgens
Creators: name: Lee, Kuo Hsiung
name: Wada, Koji
name: Morris-Natschke, Susan L.
name: Lin, Li
name: Goto, Masuo
name: Huang, Rong
name: Ohkoshi, Emika
name: Shi, Qian
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: In our continuing study of curcumin analogs as potential anti-prostate cancer drug candidates, 15 new curcumin analogs were designed, synthesized and evaluated for cytotoxicity against two human prostate cancer cell lines, androgen-dependent LNCaP and androgen-independent PC-3. Twelve analogs (5-12, 15, 16, 19, and 20) are conjugates of curcumin (1) or methyl curcumin (2) with a flutamide- or bicalutamide-like moiety. Two compounds (22 and 23) are C4-mono- and difluoro-substituted analogs of dimethyl curcumin (DMC, 21). Among the newly synthesized conjugates compound 15, a conjugate of 2 with a partial bicalutamide moiety, was more potent than bicalutamide alone and essentially equipotent with 1 and 2 against both prostate tumor cell lines with IC50 values of 41.8 μM (for LNCaP) and 39.1 μM (for PC-3). A cell morphology study revealed that the cytotoxicity of curcumin analogs or curcumin-antiandrogen conjugates detected from both prostate cancer cell lines might be due to the suppression of pseudopodia formation. A molecular intrinsic fluorescence experiment showed that 1 accumulated mainly in the nuclei, while conjugate 6 was distributed in the cytosol. At the tested conditions, antiandrogens suppressed pseudopodia formation in PC-3 cells, but not in LNCaP cells. The evidence suggests that distinguishable target proteins are involved, resulting in the different outcomes toward pseudopodia suppression.
Pre-String Theory
Creators: name: Frampton, Paul H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this note, I recollect a two-week period in September 1968 when I factorized the Veneziano model using string variables in Chicago. Professor Yoichiro Nambu went on to calculate the N-particle dual resonance model and then to factorize it on an exponential degeneracy of states. That was in 1968 and the following year 1969 he discovered the string action. I also include some other reminiscences of Nambu who passed away on July 5, 2105.
description: 4 pages. A few typos corrected. Paragraph of irrelevant information about author removed. Dedication added. Footnote added
Limit theorems for classical, freely and Boolean max-infinitely divisible distributions
Creators: name: Ueda, Yuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L54, 60E07, 60G70

description: We investigate a Belinschi-Nica type semigroup for free and Boolean max-convolutions. We prove that this semigroup at time one connects limit theorems for freely and Boolean max-infinitely divisible distributions. Moreover, we also construct a max-analogue of Boolean-classical Bercovici-Pata bijection, establishing the equivalence of limit theorems for Boolean and classical max-infinitely divisible distributions.
description: 21 pages, accepted by JOTP
Structure–activity relationship studies of SYA 013, a homopiperazine analog of haloperidol
Creators: name: Peprah, Kwakye
name: Ablordeppey, Seth Y.
name: Setola, Vincent
name: Roth, Bryan L.
name: Zhu, Xue Y.
name: Etukala, Jagan R.
name: Eyunni, Suresh V.K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Structure–activity relationship studies on 4-(4-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,4-diazepan-1-yl)-1-(4-fluorophenyl) butan-1-one (SYA 013), a homopiperazine analog of haloperidol has resulted in an understanding of the effect of structural modifications on binding affinity at dopamine and serotonin receptor subtypes. Further exploration, using bioisosteric replacement strategies has led to the identification of several new agents including compounds 7, 8, 11 and 12 which satisfy the initial criteria for further exploration as new antipsychotic agents. In addition, compound 18, a D3 selective tropanol, has been identified as having the potential for further optimization into a useful drug which may combat neuropsychiatric diseases.
Coulomb bound states of strongly interacting photons
Creators: name: Maghrebi, M. F.
name: Gullans, M. J.
name: Bienias, P.
name: Choi, S.
name: Martin, I.
name: Firstenberg, O.
name: Lukin, M. D.
name: Büchler, H. P.
name: Gorshkov, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that two photons coupled to Rydberg states via electromagnetically induced transparency can interact via an effective Coulomb potential. This interaction gives rise to a continuum of two-body bound states. Within the continuum, metastable bound states are distinguished in analogy with quasi-bound states tunneling through a potential barrier. We find multiple branches of metastable bound states whose energy spectrum is governed by the Coulomb potential, thus obtaining a photonic analogue of the hydrogen atom. Under certain conditions, the wavefunction resembles that of a diatomic molecule in which the two polaritons are separated by a finite "bond length." These states propagate with a negative group velocity in the medium, allowing for a simple preparation and detection scheme, before they slowly decay to pairs of bound Rydberg atoms.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Hunting for exoplanets via magnetic star-planet interactions: geometrical considerations for radio emission
Creators: name: Kavanagh, Robert D.
name: Vedantham, Harish K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent low-frequency radio observations suggest that some nearby M dwarfs could be interacting magnetically with undetected close-in planets, powering the emission via the electron cyclotron maser (ECM) instability. Confirmation of such a scenario could reveal the presence of close-in planets around M dwarfs, which are typically difficult to detect via other methods. ECM emission is beamed, and is generally only visible for brief windows depending on the underlying system geometry. Due to this, detection may be favoured at certain orbital phases, or from systems with specific geometric configurations. In this work, we develop a geometric model to explore these two ideas. Our model produces the visibility of the induced emission as a function of time, based on a set of key parameters that characterise magnetic star-planet interactions. Utilising our model, we find that the orbital phases where emission appears are highly dependent on the underlying parameters, and does not generally appear at the quadrature points in the orbit as is seen for the Jupiter-Io interaction. Then using non-informative priors on the system geometry, we show that untargeted radio surveys are biased towards detecting emission from systems with planets in near face-on orbits. While transiting exoplanets are still likely to be detectable, they are less likely to be seen than those in near face-on orbits. Our forward model serves to be a powerful tool for both interpreting and appropriately scheduling radio observations of exoplanetary systems, as well as inverting the system geometry from observations.
description: 19 pages, 16 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Geometric and material sensitivities for elasto-plasticity including non-local damage regularisation
Creators: name: Guhr, Fabian
name: Barthold, Franz-Joseph
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 690

description: Sensitivity analysis is applied to a regularised non-local ductile damage model. A variational approach is utilised to derive the analytical gradients of different objectives with respect to either geometrical of material parameters. Due to the definition of the material model, enhanced algorithmic treatments are necessary to capture its history dependent nature within the sensitivity computation. The gradient information with respect to the geometrical parameters are used to derive damage tolerant geometries in shape optimisation using Sequential Quadratic Programming (SQP). The sensitivities with respect to the material parameters are used to analyse the response and impact of certain material parameters of the model during loading and unloading of a specimen.
description: Proceedings in applied mathematics and mechanics;23(1)
Free self-decomposability and unimodality of the Fuss-Catalan distributions
Creators: name: Młotkowski, Wojciech
name: Sakuma, Noriyoshi
name: Ueda, Yuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study properties of the Fuss-Catalan distributions $μ(p,r)$, $p\geq1$, $0
description: 16 pages, 2 figures
(102914) Sarah Elizabeth Davidge
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Orientational Memory of Active Particles in Multistate Non-Markovian Processes
Creators: name: Sadjadi, Zeinab
name: Shaebani, M. Reza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The orientational memory of particles can serve as an effective measure of diffusivity, spreading, and search efficiency in complex stochastic processes. We develop a theoretical framework to describe the decay of directional correlations in a generic class of stochastic active processes consisting of distinct states of motion characterized by their persistence and switching probabilities between the states. For exponentially distributed sojourn times, the orientation autocorrelation is analytically derived and the characteristic times of its crossovers are obtained in terms of the persistence of each state and the switching probabilities. We show how non-exponential sojourn-time distributions of interest, such as Gaussian and power-law distributions, can result from history-dependent transitions between the states. The relaxation behavior of the correlation function in such non-Markovian processes is governed by the history-dependence of the switching probabilities and cannot be solely determined by the mean sojourn times of the states.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Locally (co)Cartesian fibrations as realisation fibrations and the classifying space of cospans
Creators: name: Steinebrunner, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55R35, 18D30, 57R90, 19D06

description: We show that the conditions in Steimle's 'additivity theorem for cobordism categories' can be weakened to only require \emph{locally} (co)Cartesian fibrations, making it applicable to a larger class of functors. As an application we compute the difference in classifying spaces between the infinity category of cospans of finite sets and its homotopy category.
description: 24 pages, v2: fixed several problems thanks to referee report, to appear in JLMS
Synthesis and P2Y2 receptor agonist activities of uridine 5′-phosphonate analogues
Creators: name: Van Calenbergh, Serge
name: Sinnaeve, Davy
name: Barrett, Matthew O.
name: Jacobson, Kenneth A.
name: Santhosh Kumar, T.
name: Van Poecke, Sara
name: Martins, José C.
name: Kendall Harden, T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: We explored the influence of modifications of uridine 5’-methylenephosphonate on biological activity at the human P2Y2 receptor. Key steps in the synthesis of a series of 5-substituted uridine 5’-methylenephosphonates were the reaction of a suitably protected uridine 5’-aldehyde with [(diethoxyphosphinyl)methylidene]triphenylphosphorane, C-5 bromination and a Suzuki–Miyaura coupling. These analogues behaved as selective agonists at the P2Y2 receptor, with three analogues exhibiting potencies in the submicromolar range. Although maximal activities observed with the phosphonate analogues were much less than observed with UTP, high concentrations of the phosphonates had no effect on the stimulatory effect of UTP. These results suggest that these phosphonates bind to an allosteric site of the P2Y2 receptor.
Automated physical classification in the SDSS DR10. A catalogue of candidate Quasars
Creators: name: Brescia, Massimo
name: Cavuoti, Stefano
name: Longo, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss whether modern machine learning methods can be used to characterize the physical nature of the large number of objects sampled by the modern multi-band digital surveys. In particular, we applied the MLPQNA (Multi Layer Perceptron with Quasi Newton Algorithm) method to the optical data of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey - Data Release 10, investigating whether photometric data alone suffice to disentangle different classes of objects as they are defined in the SDSS spectroscopic classification. We discuss three groups of classification problems: (i) the simultaneous classification of galaxies, quasars and stars; (ii) the separation of stars from quasars; (iii) the separation of galaxies with normal spectral energy distribution from those with peculiar spectra, such as starburst or starforming galaxies and AGN. While confirming the difficulty of disentangling AGN from normal galaxies on a photometric basis only, MLPQNA proved to be quite effective in the three-class separation. In disentangling quasars from stars and galaxies, our method achieved an overall efficiency of 91.31% and a QSO class purity of ~95%. The resulting catalogue of candidate quasars/AGNs consists of ~3.6 million objects, of which about half a million are also flagged as robust candidates, and will be made available on CDS VizieR facility.
description: Accepted for publication by MNRAS, 13 pages, 6 figures
Virtual screening leads to the discovery of novel non-nucleotide P2Y1 receptor antagonists
Creators: name: Costanzi, Stefano
name: Santhosh Kumar, T.
name: Balasubramanian, Ramachandran
name: Jacobson, Kenneth A.
name: Kendall Harden, T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: The P2Y1 receptor (P2Y1R) is a G protein-coupled receptor naturally activated by extracellular ADP. Its stimulation is an essential requirement of ADP-induced platelet aggregation, thus making antagonists highly sought compounds for the development of antithrombotic agents. Here, through a virtual screening campaign based on a pharmacophoric representation of the common characteristics of known P2Y1R ligands and the putative shape and size of the receptor binding pocket, we have identified novel antagonist hits of µM affinity derived from a N,N’-bis-arylurea chemotype. Unlike the vast majority of known P2Y1R antagonists, these drug-like compounds do not have a nucleotidic scaffold or highly negatively charged phosphate groups. Hence, our compounds may provide a direction for the development of receptor probes with altered physicochemical properties.
(102912) George Locke Stratton
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Rapport de campagne de nourriceries côtières : Campagnes NURSE et SUIVINOUR 2021
Creators: name: Delaunay, Damien
name: Berthele, Olivier
name: Chantre, Celina
name: Droual, Gabin
name: Régimbart, Amélie
name: Brind'Amour, Anik
Publisher: name: Ifremer
Year: 2022
Subjects: Fonctionnement des nourriceries côtières
suivi
dynamique temporelle
communautés bentho-démersales
DCSMM

description: La campagne scientifique NURSE est un dispositif du sous-programme de surveillance du descripteur 1 « Biodiversité – Poissons et céphalopodes ». Elle permet d'acquérir des données en vue du calcul des indicateurs nécessaires au renseignement des critères du bon état écologique pour le D1 (Décision 2017/848/UE). Cette campagne contribue également à la compréhension du fonctionnement des écosystèmes côtiers, au niveau régional (échelle d’une baie ou d'un bassin) et au niveau national (échelle inter-baies et inter-façades). La campagne SUIVINOUR s’inscrit dans un partenariat avec le Parc Naturel Marin d’Estuaire de la Gironde et de la Mer des Pertuis (PNM EGMP) visant à compléter annuellement l’échantillonnage des trois grands secteurs de nourriceries situés au sein du parc marin. En 2021, 169 opérations de pêche ont été réalisées dans quatre des six principales nourriceries côtières du golfe de Gascogne. Elles ont permis la collecte des données concourant au suivi et à la compréhension du fonctionnement des nourriceries en zone côtière, ces habitats essentiels jouant un rôle déterminant dans le recrutement de juvéniles de plusieurs espèces halieutiques.
Dust attenuation, dust content and geometry of star-forming galaxies
Creators: name: Zhang, Junkai
name: Wuyts, Stijn
name: Cutler, Sam E.
name: Mowla, Lamiya A.
name: Brammer, Gabriel B.
name: Momcheva, Ivelina G.
name: Whitaker, Katherine E.
name: van Dokkum, Pieter
name: Schreiber, Natascha M. Förster
name: Nelson, Erica J.
name: Schady, Patricia
name: Villforth, Carolin
name: Wake, David
name: van der Wel, Arjen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the joint distribution of dust attenuation and projected axis ratios, together with galaxy size and surface brightness profile information, to infer lessons on the dust content and star/dust geometry within star-forming galaxies at 0 < z <2.5. To do so, we make use of large observational datasets from KiDS+VIKING+HSC-SSP and extend the analysis out to redshift z = 2.5 using the HST surveys CANDELS and 3D-DASH. We construct suites of SKIRT radiative transfer models for idealized galaxies observed under random viewing angles with the aim of reproducing the aforementioned distributions, including the level and inclination dependence of dust attenuation. We find that attenuation-based dust mass estimates are at odds with constraints from far-infrared observations, especially at higher redshifts, when assuming smooth star and dust geometries of equal extent. We demonstrate that UV-to-near-IR and far-infrared constraints can be reconciled by invoking clumpier dust geometries for galaxies at higher redshifts and/or very compact dust cores. We discuss implications for the significant wavelength- and redshift-dependent differences between half-light and half-mass radii that result from spatially varying dust columns within -- especially massive -- star-forming galaxies.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Additional file 1 of Quantification, description and international comparison of antimicrobial use on Irish pig farms
Creators: name: O’Neill, Lorcan
name: Costa, Maria Rodrigues Da
name: Leonard, Finola C.
name: Gibbons, James
name: Díaz, Julia Adriana Calderón
name: McCutcheon, Gerard
name: Manzanilla, Edgar García
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Methods.
Design and synthesis of 6,7-methylenedioxy-4-substituted phenylquinolin-2(1H)-one derivatives as novel anticancer agents that induce apoptosis with cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase
Creators: name: Huang, Li Jiau
name: Huang, Po Kai
name: Chen, Yi Fong
name: Chan, Hsu Chin
name: Kuo, Sheng Chu
name: Lin, Yi Chien
name: Lee, Kuo Hsiung
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Novel 6,7-methylenedioxy-4-substituted phenylquinolin-2-one derivatives 12a–n were designed and prepared through an intramolecular cyclization reaction and evaluated for in vitro anticancer activity. Among the synthesized compounds, 6,7-methylenedioxy-4-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)quinolin-2(1H)-one (12e) displayed potent cytotoxicity against several different tumor cell lines at a sub-micromolar level. Furthermore, results of fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis suggested that 12e induced cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase accompanied by apoptosis in HL-60 and H460 cells. This action was confirmed by Hoechst staining and caspase-3 activation. Due to their easy synthesis and remarkable biological activities, 4-phenylquinolin-2(1H)-one analogs (4-PQs) are promising new anticancer leads based on the quinoline scaffold. Accordingly, compound 12e was identified as a new lead compound that merits further optimization and development as an anticancer candidate.
(102911) Ellen Louisa Stratton
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.