cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Nature of High ${\rm [OIII]}_{\rm 88μm}$/${\rm [CII]}_{\rm 158μm}$ Galaxies in the Epoch of Reionization: Low Carbon Abundance and a Top-Heavy IMF?
Creators: name: Katz, Harley
name: Rosdahl, Joakim
name: Kimm, Taysun
name: Garel, Thibault
name: Blaizot, Jérémy
name: Haehnelt, Martin G.
name: Michel-Dansac, Léo
name: Martin-Alvarez, Sergio
name: Devriendt, Julien
name: Slyz, Adrianne
name: Teyssier, Romain
name: Ocvirk, Pierre
name: Laporte, Nicolas
name: Ellis, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: ALMA observations of $z>6$ galaxies have revealed abnormally high [OIII]$_{\rm 88μm}$/[CII]$_{\rm 158μm}$ ratios and [CII]$_{\rm 158μm}$ deficits compared to local galaxies. Numerous solutions have been proposed including differences in C and O abundance ratios, observational bias, and differences in ISM properties. In order to elucidate the underlying physics that drives this high-redshift phenomenon, we employ SPHINX$^{20}$, a state-of-the-art, cosmological radiation-hydrodynamics simulation, that resolves detailed ISM properties of thousands of galaxies in the epoch of reionization. We find that the observed $z>6$ [OIII]-SFR and [CII]-SFR relations can only be reproduced when the C/O abundance ratio is $\sim8\times$ lower than Solar and the total metal production is $\sim4\times$ higher than that of a Kroupa IMF. This implies that high-redshift galaxies are potentially primarily enriched by low-metallicity core-collapse supernovae with a more top-heavy IMF. As AGB stars and type-Ia supernova begin to contribute to the galaxy metallicity, both the [CII]-SFR and [CII] luminosity functions are predicted to converge to observed values at $z\sim4.5$. While we demonstrate that ionisation parameter, LyC escape fraction, ISM gas density, and CMB attenuation all drive galaxies towards higher [OIII]/[CII], observed values at $z>6$ can only be reproduced with substantially lower C/O abundances compared to Solar. The combination of [CII] and [OIII] can be used to predict the values of ionisation parameter, ISM gas density, and LyC escape fraction and we provide estimates of these quantities for nine observed $z>6$ galaxies. Finally, we demonstrate that [OI]$_{\rm 63μm}$ can be used as a replacement for [CII] in high-redshift galaxies where [CII] is unobserved and argue that more observation time should be used to target [OI] at $z>6$. (Abridged)
description: 20 pages, 18 figures, Accepted by MNRAS
Monodromy of a Class of Logarithmic Connections on an Elliptic Curve
Creators: name: Machu, Francois-Xavier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The logarithmic connections studied in the paper are direct images of regular connections on line bundles over genus-2 double covers of the elliptic curve. We give an explicit parametrization of all such connections, determine their monodromy, differential Galois group and the underlying rank-2 vector bundle. The latter is described in terms of elementary transforms. The question of its (semi)-stability is addressed.
description: Published in SIGMA (Symmetry, Integrability and Geometry: Methods and Applications) at http://www.emis.de/journals/SIGMA/
Coalitions in Cooperative Wireless Networks
Creators: name: Mathur, Suhas
name: Sankar, Lalitha
name: Mandayam, Narayan B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cooperation between rational users in wireless networks is studied using coalitional game theory. Using the rate achieved by a user as its utility, it is shown that the stable coalition structure, i.e., set of coalitions from which users have no incentives to defect, depends on the manner in which the rate gains are apportioned among the cooperating users. Specifically, the stability of the grand coalition (GC), i.e., the coalition of all users, is studied. Transmitter and receiver cooperation in an interference channel (IC) are studied as illustrative cooperative models to determine the stable coalitions for both flexible (transferable) and fixed (non-transferable) apportioning schemes. It is shown that the stable sum-rate optimal coalition when only receivers cooperate by jointly decoding (transferable) is the GC. The stability of the GC depends on the detector when receivers cooperate using linear multiuser detectors (non-transferable). Transmitter cooperation is studied assuming that all receivers cooperate perfectly and that users outside a coalition act as jammers. The stability of the GC is studied for both the case of perfectly cooperating transmitters (transferrable) and under a partial decode-and-forward strategy (non-transferable). In both cases, the stability is shown to depend on the channel gains and the transmitter jamming strengths.
description: To appear in the IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communication, Special Issue on Game Theory in Communication Systems, 2008
Филологические науки,Выпуск 4 (71) 2023
Creators: name: АО «КазУМОиМЯ им.Абылай хана»
Publisher: name: АО «КазУМОиМЯ им.Абылай хана»
Year: 2023

description: Филологические науки,Выпуск 4 (71) 2023
Heat capacity of liquids: an approach from the solid phase
Creators: name: Trachenko, Kostya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the energy and heat capacity of a liquid on the basis of its elastic properties and vibrational states. The experimental decrease of liquid heat capacity with temperature is attributed to the increasing loss of two transverse modes with frequency $ω<1/τ$, where $τ$ is liquid relaxation time. In a simple model, liquid heat capacity is related to viscosity and is compared with the experimental data of mercury. We also calculate the vibrational energy of a quantum liquid, and show that transverse phonons can not be excited in the low-temperature limit. Finally, we discuss the implications of the proposed approach to liquids for the problem of glass transition.
Five-dimensional vector-coupled supergravity on a manifold with boundary
Creators: name: McReynolds, Sean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the bosonic and fermionic symmetries of five-dimensional Maxwell- and Yang-Mills-Einstein supergravity theories on a spacetime with boundaries (isomorphic to M x S1/Z2). Due to the appearance of the "Chern-Simons" term, the classical action is not generally invariant under gauge and supersymmetries. Once bulk vector fields are allowed to propagate on the boundaries, there is an "inflow" governed by the rank-3 symmetric tensor that defines the five-dimensional theories. We discuss the requirements that invariance of the action imposes on new matter content and boundary conditions.
description: 18 pages
Stochastic Variational Integrators
Creators: name: Bou-Rabee, Nawaf
name: Owhadi, Houman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65Cxx; 37Jxx

description: This paper presents a continuous and discrete Lagrangian theory for stochastic Hamiltonian systems on manifolds. The main result is to derive stochastic governing equations for such systems from a critical point of a stochastic action. Using this result the paper derives Langevin-type equations for constrained mechanical systems and implements a stochastic analog of Lagrangian reduction. These are easy consequences of the fact that the stochastic action is intrinsically defined. Stochastic variational integrators (SVIs) are developed using a discretized stochastic variational principle. The paper shows that the discrete flow of an SVI is a.s. symplectic and in the presence of symmetry a.s. momentum-map preserving. A first-order mean-square convergent SVI for mechanical systems on Lie groups is introduced. As an application of the theory, SVIs are exhibited for multiple, randomly forced and torqued rigid-bodies interacting via a potential.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures
Proceedings CNAIA'2023
Creators: name: DENNOUNI, Nassim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 460206
subject: Knowledge representation and reasoning
classificationCode: 460207
subject: Modelling and simulation
classificationCode: 460208
subject: Natural language processing

description: This NCAIA proceeding aims to bring together the works of the academic community around the use of AI in order to raise awareness among ordinary citizens of its impact on country economies.
A comparison of approximate gravitational lens equations and a proposal for an improved new one
Creators: name: Bozza, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Keeping the exact general relativistic treatment of light bending as a reference, we compare the accuracy of commonly used approximate lens equations. We conclude that the best approximate lens equation is the Ohanian lens equation, for which we present a new expression in terms of distances between observer, lens and source planes. We also examine a realistic gravitational lensing case, showing that the precision of the Ohanian lens equation might be required for a reliable treatment of gravitational lensing and a correct extraction of the full information about gravitational physics.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, to appear on Physical Review D
Water confined in nanopores: spontaneous formation of microcavities
Creators: name: Russo, John
name: Melchionna, Simone
name: De Luca, Francesco
name: Casieri, Cinzia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Molecular Dynamics simulations of water confined in nanometer sized, hydrophobic channels show that water forms localized cavities for pore diameter ~ 2.0 nm. The cavities present non-spherical shape and lay preferentially adjacent to the confining wall inducing a peculiar form to the liquid exposed surface. The regime of localized cavitation appears to be correlated with the formation of a vapor layer, as predicted by the Lum-Chandler-Weeks theory, implying partial filling of the pore.
Reconsidering Relativistic Causality
Creators: name: Butterfield, Jeremy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I discuss the idea of relativistic causality, i.e. the requirement that causal processes or signals can propagate only within the light-cone. After briefly locating this requirement in the philosophy of causation, my main aim is to draw philosophers' attention to the fact that it is subtle, indeed problematic, in relativistic quantum physics: there are scenarios in which it seems to fail. I consign to an Appendix two such scenarios, which are familiar to philosophers of physics: the pilot-wave approach, and the Newton-Wigner representation. I instead stress two unfamiliar scenarios: the Drummond-Hathrell and Scharnhorst effects. These effects also illustrate a general moral in the philosophy of geometry: that the mathematical structures, especially the metric tensor, that represent geometry get their geometric significance by dint of detailed physical arguments.
description: 49 pages latex, no figures. Forthcoming in International Studies in the Philosophy of Science, volume 21, issue 3, October 2007
Topology optimization of the support structure for heat dissipation in additive manufacturing
Creators: name: Miki, Takao
name: Nishiwaki, Shinji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A support structure is required to successfully create structural parts in the powder bed fusion process for additive manufacturing. In this study, we present the topology optimization of a support structure that improves the heat dissipation in the building process. First, we construct a numerical method that obtains the temperature field in the building process, represented by the transient heat conduction phenomenon with the volume heat flux. Next, we formulate an optimization problem for maximizing heat dissipation and develop an optimization algorithm that incorporates a level-set-based topology optimization. A sensitivity of the objective function is derived using the adjoint variable method. Finally, several numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness and validity of the proposed method.
description: 29 pages, 12 figures
O processo pessoal e transferível de Wlademir Dias-Pino
Creators: name: Gonçalves, Mário Vinícius Ribeiro
Publisher: name: Labfront/UEMG
Year: 2023

description: Pretendemos percorrer a transição entre três obras emblemáticas de Wlademir Dias‑Pino: (a) A ave, realizada entre 1948 a 1956; (b) SOLIDA, cuja primeira versão é de 1956, e (c) Brasil meia‑meia, poema-livro de 1966 inserido no movimento poema/processo, do qual Dias‑Pino é fundador. Nosso foco recairá sobre como o poeta abandona progressivamente a palavra em nome da visualidade e nas consequências desse gesto quanto aos processos encerrados nessas obras. Também nos ateremos a como Dias‑Pino modula o caráter processual da recepção de sua poética ao trabalhar as especificidades do objeto‑livro. Para tanto, dialogaremos com a Media Specific Analysis (MSA) de Katherine Hayles. Objetivamos igualmente enfatizar a inscrição artística de Dias‑Pino no âmbito da interatividade e seu atributo potencial e probabilístico, recorrendo, para tanto, às esquematizações dos poetas/processo, bem como à contribuição de outros pensadores a esse debate.
Black hole mass and variability in quasars
Creators: name: Wold, M.
name: Brotherton, M. S.
name: Shang, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a study that finds a positive correlation between black hole mass and variability amplitude in quasars. Roughly 100 quasars at z<0.75 were selected by matching objects from the QUEST1 Variability Survey with broad-lined objects from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Black hole masses were estimated with the virial method using the broad Hbeta line, and variability was characterized from the QUEST1 light curves. The correlation between black hole mass and variability amplitude is significant at the 99% level or better and does not appear to be caused by obvious selection effects inherent to flux-limited samples. It is most evident for rest frame time lags of the order a few months up to the QUEST1 maximum temporal resolution of about 2 years. The correlation between black hole mass and variability amplitude means that the more massive black holes have larger percentage flux variations. Over 2-3 orders of magnitude in black hole mass, the amplitude increases by approximately 0.2 mag. A likely explanation for the correlation is that the more massive black holes are starving and produce larger flux variations because they do not have a steady inflow of gaseous fuel. Assuming that the variability arises from changes in the accretion rate Li & Cao [8] show that flux variations similar to those observed are expected as a consequence of the more massive black holes having cooler accretion disks.
description: 4 pages, to be published in the proceedings of the "2nd Kolkata conference on observational evidence for black holes in the Universe", Feb 10-15, 2008, Kolkata, India
Effects of Electron-Lattice Coupling on Charge Order in θ-(ET)2X
Creators: name: Tanaka, Yasuhiro
name: Yonemitsu, Kenji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Charge ordering accompanied by lattice distortion in quasi-two dimensional organic conductors θ-(ET)2X (ET=BEDT-TTF) is studied by using an extended Hubbard model with Peierls-type electron-lattice couplings within the Hartree-Fock approximation. It is found that the horizontal-stripe charge-ordered state, which is experimentally observed in θ-(ET)2RbZn(SCN)4, is stabilized by the self-consistently determined lattice distortion. Furthermore, in the presence of the anisotropy in nearest-neighbor Coulomb interactions Vij, the horizontal charge order becomes more stable than any other charge patterns such as diagonal, vertical and 3-fold-type states. At finite temperatures, we compare the free energies of various charge-ordered states and find a first-order transition from a metallic state with 3-fold charge order to the insulating state with the horizontal charge order. The role of lattice degrees of freedom in the realization of the horizontal charge order and the relevance to experiments on θ-(ET)2X are discussed.
O livro e as vanguardas (anti)literárias brasileiras: uma poética da refuncionalização
Creators: name: Gonçalves, Mário Vinícius Ribeiro
Publisher: name: Labfront/UEMG
Year: 2023

description: Neste trabalho, partindo de um leque de definições mais ou menos convencionais de “livro”, abordaremos o tratamento que as vanguardas (anti)literárias brasileiras conferiram a esse objeto de dupla natureza – material e discursiva –, do início do século XX até os anos 1970. Uma vez que a consagração do livro enquanto suporte por excelência da literatura faz parte do movimento dessa arte em direção a sua autonomia, não surpreende que as vanguardas (anti)literárias tenham procurado (re)definir esse objeto, tanto teórica quanto praticamente. Em nossa argumentação, discorreremos sobre quatro noções, que abordaremos em ordem crescente de radicalidade relativa à refuncionalização do objeto em discussão: a poesia-livro, o poema-livro, o livro-poema e o não-livro. Objetivando estabelecer critérios refuncionalizantes que apontem pistas para pesquisas posteriores, buscaremos qualificar a ruptura vanguardista empreendida a partir da intervenção realizada em diversos elementos constituintes do livro, os quais, em nosso entender, se dispõem em um continuum material/discursivo.
VT-ADL: A Vision Transformer Network for Image Anomaly Detection and Localization
Creators: name: Mishra, Pankaj
name: Verk, Riccardo
name: Fornasier, Daniele
name: Piciarelli, Claudio
name: Foresti, Gian Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a transformer-based image anomaly detection and localization network. Our proposed model is a combination of a reconstruction-based approach and patch embedding. The use of transformer networks helps to preserve the spatial information of the embedded patches, which are later processed by a Gaussian mixture density network to localize the anomalous areas. In addition, we also publish BTAD, a real-world industrial anomaly dataset. Our results are compared with other state-of-the-art algorithms using publicly available datasets like MNIST and MVTec.
description: 6 Pages, 4 images, conference published paper
Dynamics of matter-wave solitons in a time-modulated two-dimensional optical lattice
Creators: name: Burlak, Gennadiy
name: Malomed, Boris A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By means of the variational approximation (VA) and systematic simulations, we study dynamics and stability boundaries for solitons in a two-dimensional (2D) self-attracting Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC), trapped in an optical lattice (OL) whose amplitude is subjected to the periodic time modulation (the modulation frequency, $ω$, may be in the range of several KHz). Regions of stability of the solitons against the collapse and decay are identified in the space of the model's parameters. A noteworthy result is that the stability limit may reach the largest (100%) modulation depth, and the collapse threshold may exceed its classical value in the static lattice (which corresponds to the norm of Townes soliton). Minimum norm $% N_{\min}$ necessary for the stability of the solitons is identified too. It features a strong dependence on $ω$ at a low frequencies, due to a resonant decay of the soliton. Predictions of the VA are reasonably close to results of the simulations. In particular, the VA helps to understand salient resonant features in the shape of the stability boundaries observed with the variation of $ω$.
description: 22 pages, 9 figures
Additional file 5 of The cytoskeleton adaptor protein Sorbs1 controls the development of lymphatic and venous vessels in zebrafish
Creators: name: Veloso, Alexandra
name: Bleuart, Anouk
name: Conrard, Louise
name: Orban, Tanguy
name: Bruyr, Jonathan
name: Cabochette, Pauline
name: Germano, Raoul F. V.
name: Schevenels, Giel
name: Bernard, Alice
name: Zindy, Egor
name: Demeyer, Sofie
name: Vanhollebeke, Benoit
name: Dequiedt, Franck
name: Martin, Maud
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 5: Compilation of all original uncropped blots.
The potential impact of groove modes on Type II planetary migration
Creators: name: Meschiari, Stefano
name: Laughlin, Gregory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter, we briefly describe the evolution of a variety of self-gravitating protoplanetary disk models that contain annular grooves (e.g. gaps) in their surface density. These grooves are inspired by the density gaps that are presumed to open in response to the formation of a giant planet. Our work provides an extension of the previously studied groove modes that are known in the context of stellar disks. The emergence of spiral gravitational instabilities (GI) is predicted via a generalized eigenvalue code that performs a linear analysis, and confirmed with hydrodynamical simulations. We find the presence of a groove drives a fast-growing two-armed mode in moderately massive disks, and extends the importance of self-gravitating instabilities down to lower disk masses than for which they would otherwise occur. We discuss the potential importance of this instability in the context of planet formation, e.g. the modification of the torques driving Type II migration.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters. Additional color plots and movies are available at http://www.ucolick.org/~smeschia/disks.php
A new structural model for the Si(331)-(12x1) reconstruction
Creators: name: Battaglia, Corsin
name: Gaal-Nagy, Katalin
name: Monney, Claude
name: Didiot, Clement
name: Schwier, Eike Fabian
name: Garnier, Michael Gunnar
name: Onida, Giovanni
name: Aebi, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new structural model for the Si(331)-(12x1) reconstruction is proposed. Based on scanning tunneling microscopy images of unprecedented resolution, low-energy electron diffraction data, and first-principles total-energy calculations, we demonstrate that the reconstructed Si(331) surface shares the same elementary building blocks as the Si(110)-(16x2) surface, establishing the pentamer as a universal building block for complex silicon surface reconstructions.
MOESM1 of CHROMATIX: computing the functional landscape of many-body chromatin interactions in transcriptionally active loci from deconvolved single cells
Creators: name: Perez-Rathke, Alan
name: Sun, Qiu
name: Wang, Boshen
name: Boeva, Valentina
name: Shao, Zhifeng
name: Liang, Jie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1 Supplementary information. Detailed methodology for fractal Monte Carlo sampling and Bayesian deconvolution of Hi-C specific contacts. Also, additional figures referenced for this study.
Correlation effects on the doped triangular lattice in view of the physics of sodium-rich Na$_x$CoO$_2$
Creators: name: Lechermann, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The peculiar correlation effects on the triangular lattice are studied by means of the rotationally invariant slave boson method in a cellular cluster approach. Hence nonlocal correlations are included in a short-range regime. Their impact for the single-band Hubbard model is studied at half filling, i.e., on the Mott transition, and with doping. Using the realistic band structure of Na$_x$CoO$_2$, we may also shed light on the cobaltate physics for $x$$\ge$1/3, with the in-plane transition from antiferromagnetic tendencies towards the onset of ferromagnetism for a finite Hubbard $U$.
description: final version, some refinements
Scaling of Erosion Rate in Subsonic Jet Experiments and Apollo Lunar Module Landings
Creators: name: Metzger, Philip T.
name: Lane, John E.
name: Immer, Christopher D.
name: Gamsky, Jacob N.
name: Hauslein, Whitney
name: Li, Xiaoyi
name: Latta, Robert C.
name: Donahue, Carly M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Small scale jet-induced erosion experiments are useful for identifying the scaling of erosion with respect to the various physical parameters (gravity, grain size, gas velocity, gas density, grain density, etc.), and because they provide a data set for benchmarking numerical flow codes. We have performed experiments varying the physical parameters listed above (e.g., gravity was varied in reduced gravity aircraft flights). In all these experiments, a subsonic jet of gas impinges vertically on a bed of sand or lunar soil simulant forming a localized scour hole beneath the jet. Videography captures the erosion and scour hole formation processes, and analysis of these videos post-test identifies the scaling of these processes. This has produced important new insights into the physics of erosion. Based on these insights, we have developed an erosion rate model that can be applied to generalized situations, such as the erosion of soil beneath a horizontal gas flow on a planetary surface. This is important to lunar exploration because the rate of erosion beneath the rocket exhaust plume of a landing spacecraft will determine the amount of sand-blasting damage that can be inflicted upon surrounding hardware. Although the rocket exhaust plume at the exit of the nozzle is supersonic, the boundary layer on the lunar surface where erosion occurs is subsonic. The model has been benchmarked through comparison with the Apollo landing videos, which show the blowing lunar soil, and computational fluid dynamics simulations of those landings.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures
Theta dependence of the vacuum energy in the SU(3) gauge theory from the lattice
Creators: name: Giusti, Leonardo
name: Petrarca, Silvano
name: Taglienti, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a precise computation of the topological charge distribution in the SU(3) Yang--Mills theory. It is carried out on the lattice with high statistics Monte Carlo simulations by employing the definition of the topological charge suggested by Neuberger's fermions. We observe significant deviations from a Gaussian distribution. Our results disfavour the theta behaviour of the vacuum energy predicted by instanton models, while they are compatible with the expectation from the large Nc expansion.
description: Plain latex, 4 pages, 2 figures
Caratterizzazione genetica e correlazione genotipo/fenotipo del deficit congenito di Antitrombina in Italia meridionale
Creators: name: Guida, Anna
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2013

description: L’antitrombina (AT) è una delle più importanti  proteine anticoagulanti naturali il cui ruolo principale è costituito dall’inibizione del fattore secondo attivato (trombina)e del fattore Xa.  Il gene di questa proteina  SERPINC1 (GenBank X68793.1MIM#107300), è composto da 7 esoni  (1,2, 3A, 3B, 4, 5, 6), ed è localizzato sul braccio lungo del cromosoma 1 (1q23-25) . Il deficit ereditario di antitrombina presenta un’ereditarietà autosomica dominante e nella gran parte dei pazienti è presente in eterozigosi, la prevalenza nella popolazione generale è riportata tra 1:500 a 1:500.
Abbiamo valutato il fenotipo di 27 pazienti (14 maschi e 13 femmine)di cui  17 (65 %) erano affetti da deficit di tipo I, 3(11%) tipo II, 4 (23%) non classificati, appartenenti  a 18 famiglie non correlate, afferenti al nostro centro di coordinamento regionale per le emocoagulopatie. 23/26 avevano presentato eventi trombotici: 20/24 (83%) avevano avuto tromboembolismo venoso (TEV); 3/24 sia eventi arteriosi che venosi, una sola paziente (1/24) aveva presentato esclusivamente trombosi arteriosa. Nel gruppo dei pazienti con tromboembolismo venoso, 10/20 (50%) avevano avuto almeno una recidiva. La presenza di eventuali ulteriori fattori di rischio protrombotici sia congeniti che acquisiti era stata valutata. il sequenziamento degli esoni 1-7 del gene SERPINC1 ha permesso di identificare  15 mutazioni genetiche di cui   14 non descritte (5 frameshift; 5 nonsense; 3 missense; 1 delezione in frame.
Nel gruppo di pazienti affetti da deficit di tipo I sono stati osservati differenti gradi di severità di malattia, a associati al tipo di mutazione genetica piuttosto che al livello antigenico e alla attività antitrombinica.
Tra i pazienti con deficit di tipo 1 le mutazioni dell’esone 2 (codificante per il sito di legame per l’eparina , heparin binding site HBS n=3)  e nell’esone 7 (codificante per il sito reattivo  per la trombina,  thrombin reactive site) erano quantitativamente e qualitativamente indistinguibili da quelli occorsi negli altri esoni supportando il riscontro di valori antigenici e di attività antitrombinica sovrapponibili tra loro.
In conclusione una mutazione nel gene dell’antitrombina funzionalmente rilevante dipende tanto dal sito della mutazione quanto dalla gravità della mutazione stessa.
Knowledge discovery methods for data streams (Methodological contributions and applications)
Creators: name: Rivoli, Lidia
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2013

description: Questa tesi propone due metodologie per la sintesi e lo studio dell'evoluzione nel tempo di data stream. I data stream sono flussi di dati che vengono prodotti ad alta frequenza e continuamente nel tempo. Per queste caratteristiche, necessitano di tecniche di analisi specifiche ed in particolare, on-line, con tempi di elaborazione ridotti e a limitata memoria.
Stress Tensor for Quantized Random Field and Wave Function Collapse
Creators: name: Pearle, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The continuous spontaneous localization (CSL) theory of dynamical wave function collapse is an experimentally testable alternative to non-relativistic quantum mechanics. In it, collapse occurs because particles interact with a classical random field. However, particles gain energy from this field, i.e., particle energy is not conserved. Recently, it has been shown how to construct a theory dubbed "completely quantized collapse" (CQC) which is predictively equivalent to CSL. In CQC, a quantized random field is introduced, and CSL's classical random field becomes its eigenvalue. In CQC, energy is conserved, which allows one to understand that energy is conserved in CSL, as the particle's energy gain is compensated by the random field's energy loss. Since the random field has energy, it should have gravitational consequences. For that, one needs to know the random field's energy density. In this paper, it is shown how to construct a symmetric, conserved, energy-momentum-stress-density tensor associated with the quantized random field, even though this field obeys no dynamical equation and has no Lagrangian. Then, three examples are given involving the random field's energy density. One considers interacting particles, the second treats a "cosmological" particle creation model, the third involves the gravity of the random field.
description: 16 pages. To be published in Phys. Rev. A78. Changes are in response to referee comments, and include an example involving the gravitational interaction of the random field's energy density with the particle energy density
Cosmological functional renormalisation group, extended Galilean invariance and the sweeping effect
Creators: name: Erschfeld, Alaric
name: Floerchinger, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The functional renormalisation group is employed to study the non-linear regime of late-time cosmic structure formation. This framework naturally allows for non-perturbative approximation schemes, usually guided by underlying symmetries or a truncation of the theory space. An extended symmetry that is related to Galilean invariance is studied and corresponding Ward identities are derived. These are used to obtain (formally) closed renormalisation group flow equations for two-point correlation functions in the limit of large wave numbers (small scales). The flow equations are analytically solved in an approximation that is connected to the 'sweeping effect' previously described in the context of fluid turbulence.
description: 16 pages, corrected typos
Determining Cosmological Parameters with Latest Observational Data
Creators: name: Xia, Jun-Qing
name: Li, Hong
name: Zhao, Gong-Bo
name: Zhang, Xinmin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we combine the latest observational data, including the WMAP five-year data (WMAP5), BOOMERanG, CBI, VSA, ACBAR, as well as the Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) and Type Ia Supernoave (SN) "Union" compilation (307 sample) to determine the cosmological parameters. Our results show that the $Λ$CDM model remains a good fit to the current data. In a flat universe, we obtain the tight limit on the constant EoS of dark energy as, $w=-0.977\pm0.056$ ($1 σ$). For the dynamical dark energy models with time evolving EoS, we find that the best-fit values are $w_0=-1.08$ and $w_1=0.368$, implying the preference of Quintom model whose EoS gets across the cosmological constant boundary. For the curvature of universe, our results give $-0.012
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables, More discussion on NEC
Organometallic nitrosyl hydrides of tungsten
Creators: name: Martin, Jeffrey Thomas
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Although hydrides of metal carbonyls are widely known, the number of hydrides in the related family of metal nitrosyls is extremely small. The preparation of a series of nitrosyl hydrides from the treatment of [CpW(NO)I₂]₂ (Cp=ƞ⁵-C₅H₅) with Na[H₂Al(OCH₂CH₂OCH₃)₂] is described. The addition of one or two equivalents of the aluminum reagent results in the formation of [CpW(NO)IH]₂ or [CpW(NO)H₂]₂ respectively. The reaction of [CpW(NO)IH]₂ with a Lewis base (L=P(OPh)₃, P(OMe)₃, PPh₃ or PMe₃) gives the monometallic CpW(NO)IHL, while [CpW(NO)H₂]₂ reacts with P(OPh)₃ or P(OMe)₃ to yield [CpW(NO)HL]₂ which undergoes further reaction to give CpW(NO)H₂L. Proton NMR spectroscopy shows that all bimetallic species contain bridging hydride ligands and are therefore best, formulated as [CpW(NO)1]₂(µ-H)₂, [CpW(NO)H]₂(µ-H)₂ and [CpW(NO)L]₂(µ-H)₂. The ¹H NMR spectrum of [CpW(NO)H]₂(µ-H)₂ shows that there is no hydride ligand exchange on the NMR time scale and that ¹jH(terminal)W ≃ ¹jH(bridging)w > ²jHW. From this finding, it is possible to develop new criteria for assessing the static or fluxional nature of hydride ligands for several families of organotungsten hydrides (Cp₂W, CpW(CO)₃, W(CO)₃ and CpW(NO)x (x=l or 2)). Within each family, the magnitude of ¹JHW strongly reflects the type of metal hydride bonding, i.e. [Formula Omitted] and suggests that bridge bonding involves all the atoms in the bridge and therefore the "fused" notation is introduced. Treatment of CpW(NO)(CH₂SiMe₃)₂ with low pressures of H₂ (60-80 psig) in the presence of Lewis bases (L=P(0Ph)₃, PMePh₂) gives the unusually stable alkyl hydride compounds CpW(NO)(H)(CH₂SiMe₃)L. This chemistry is then extended to the Cp* (Cp*=ƞ⁵ -C₅Me₅) analogues, including the preparation of the appropriate starting materials. Upon thermolysis of Cp*W(NO)(H)(CH₂SiMe₃)(PMe₃) in C₆H₆, the intermolecular C-H activation product Cp*W(N0)(H)(C₆H₅)(PMe₃) is cleanly formed. However, intermolecular activation of CH₄, C₆H₁₂ or n-C₆H₁₄ does not occur under similar experimental conditions. Hydrogenolysis of Cp*W(NO)(CH₂SiMe₃)₂ at high pressures (≃920 psig) with no Lewis base present results in the formation of isolable [Cp*W(NO)H]₂(µ-H)₂ and [Cp*W(N0)H](µ-H)₂[Cp*W(N0)(CH₂SiMe₃)]. The latter is a new example of the rare class of dinuclear alkyl hydride complexes. Proton NMR spin tickling experiments on this compound allow the complete assignment of all couplings in the spectrum and show that ¹jH(terminal)W' ¹JH(bridging)W and ²jHW have the same sign.
Non-minimally Coupled Vector Boson Dark Matter
Creators: name: Barman, Basabendu
name: Bernal, Nicolás
name: Das, Ashmita
name: Roshan, Rishav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a simple abelian vector dark matter (DM) model, where {\it only} the DM $(\widetilde{X}_μ)$ couples non-minimally to the scalar curvature $(\widetilde{R})$ of the background spacetime via an operator of the form $\sim \widetilde{X}_μ\,\widetilde{X}^μ\,\widetilde{R}$. By considering the standard freeze-out scenario, we show, it is possible to probe such a non-minimally coupled DM in direct detection experiments for a coupling strength $ξ\sim\mathcal{O}\left(10^{30}\right)$ and DM mass $m_X\lesssim 55$ TeV, satisfying Planck observed relic abundance and perturbative unitarity. We also discuss DM production via freeze-in, governed by the non-minimal coupling, that requires $ξ\lesssim 10^{-5}$ to produce the observed DM abundance over a large range of DM mass depending on the choice of the reheating temperature. We further show, even in the absence of the non-minimal coupling, it is possible to produce the whole observed DM abundance via 2-to-2 scattering of the bath particles mediated by massless gravitons.
description: 27 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, several improvements, version accepted for publication in JCAP
Fermionic vacuum polarization in higher-dimensional global monopole spacetime
Creators: name: de Mello, E. R. Bezerra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we analyse the vacuum polarization effects associated with a massless fermionic field in a higher-dimensional global monopole spacetime in the "braneworld" scenario. In this context we admit that the our Universe, the bulk, is represented by a flat $(n-1)-$dimensional brane having a global monopole in a extra transverse three dimensional submanifold. We explicitly calculate the renormalized vacuum average of the energy-momentum tensor, $_{Ren.}$, admitting the global monopole as being a point-like object. We observe that this quantity depends crucially on the value of $n$, and we provide explicit expressions to it for specific values attributed to $n$.
description: 21 pages, 3 figures
Role of dipolar correlations in the IR spectra of water and ice
Creators: name: Chen, Wei
name: Sharma, Manu
name: Resta, Raffaele
name: Galli, Giulia
name: Car, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report simulated infrared spectra of deuterated water and ice using Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics with maximally localized Wannier functions. Experimental features are accurately reproduced within the harmonic approximation. By decomposing the lineshapes in terms of intra and intermolecular dipole correlation functions we find that short-range intermolecular dynamic charge fluctuations associated to hydrogen bonds are prominent over the entire spectral range. Our analysis reveals the origin of several spectral features and identifies network bending modes in the far IR range.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Minimax Robust Detection: Classic Results and Recent Advances
Creators: name: Fauß, Michael
name: Zoubir, Abdelhak M.
name: Poor, H. Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62G10, 62G35

description: This paper provides an overview of results and concepts in minimax robust hypothesis testing for two and multiple hypotheses. It starts with an introduction to the subject, highlighting its connection to other areas of robust statistics and giving a brief recount of the most prominent developments. Subsequently, the minimax principle is introduced and its strengths and limitations are discussed. The first part of the paper focuses on the two-hypothesis case. After briefly reviewing the basics of statistical hypothesis testing, uncertainty sets are introduced as a generic way of modeling distributional uncertainty. The design of minimax detectors is then shown to reduce to the problem of determining a pair of least favorable distributions, and different criteria for their characterization are discussed. Explicit expressions are given for least favorable distributions under three types of uncertainty: $\varepsilon$-contamination, probability density bands, and $f$-divergence balls. Using examples, it is shown how the properties of these least favorable distributions translate to properties of the corresponding minimax detectors. The second part of the paper deals with the problem of robustly testing multiple hypotheses, starting with a discussion of why this is fundamentally different from the binary problem. Sequential detection is then introduced as a technique that enables the design of strictly minimax optimal tests in the multi-hypothesis case. Finally, the usefulness of robust detectors in practice is showcased using the example of ground penetrating radar. The paper concludes with an outlook on robust detection beyond the minimax principle and a brief summary of the presented material.
description: 35 pages, 19 figures, 1 table. Published as an Overview Paper in the IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol. 69, pp. 2252-2283, 2021
« Pas que des pions (πεσσοί) : jeux de nombres et de dés autour de la pséphomancie », in D. Bouvier and V. Dasen (eds), Héraclite : Le temps est un enfant qui joue, Collection Jeu/ Play/Spiel 1, Liège, Presses Universitaires de Liège, 2020, p. 195-206.
Creators: name: Costanza, Salvatore
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Heraclitus (Fr. 52 D.-K.) asserts that Time is a child playing a game moving
 pawns (pessoi). If we can ascertain that this infant masters such board-games, we might also legitimately ask if he was also involved in some divinatory practice such as psephomancy founded on the predictive value of numbers. Many extant Greek papyri and medieval handbooks attest the flowering of prognostics drawn from symbolical, ominous numerical systems. This sheds light on specific issues of Heraclitean idea of Time without forgetting the close connection between Greek letters employed as numerical signs and pawns-games.
Real Time Vigilance Detection using Frontal EEG
Creators: name: Ganesh, Siddarth
name: Gurumoorthy, Ram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Vigilance of an operator is compromised in performing many monotonous activities like workshop and manufacturing floor tasks, driving, night shift workers, flying, and in general any activity which requires keen attention of an individual over prolonged periods of time. Driver or operator fatigue in these situations leads to drowsiness and lowered vigilance which is one of the largest contributors to injuries and fatalities amongst road accidents or workshop floor accidents. Having a vigilance monitoring system to detect drop in vigilance in these situations becomes very important. This paper presents a system which uses non-invasively recorded Frontal EEG from an easy-to-use commercially available Brain Computer Interface wearable device to determine the vigilance state of an individual. The change in the power spectrum in the Frontal Theta Band (4-8Hz) of an individual's brain wave predicts the changes in the attention level of an individual - providing an early detection and warning system. This method provides an accurate, yet cheap and practical system for vigilance monitoring across different environments.