cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Estimating the cost-effectiveness of nutrition supplementation for malnourished, HIV-infected adults starting antiretroviral therapy in a resource-constrained setting
Creators: name: Chi, Benjamin
name: Stringer, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2014

description: Abstract Background Low body mass index (BMI) individuals starting antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV infection in sub-Saharan Africa have high rates of death and loss to follow-up in the first 6 months of treatment. Nutritional supplementation may improve health outcomes in this population, but the anticipated benefit of any intervention should be commensurate with the cost given resource limitations and the need to expand access to ART in the region. Methods We used Markov models incorporating historical data and program-wide estimates of treatment costs and health benefits from the Zambian national ART program to estimate the improvements in 6-month survival and program retention among malnourished adults necessary for a combined nutrition support and ART treatment program to maintain cost-effectiveness parity with ART treatment alone. Patients were stratified according to World Health Organization criteria for severe (BMI <16.0 kg/m2), moderate (16.00-16.99 kg/m2), and mild (17.00-18.49 kg/m2) malnutrition categories. Results 19,247 patients contributed data between May 2004 and October 2010. Quarterly survival and retention were lowest in the BMI <16.0 kg/m2 category compared to higher BMI levels, and there was less variation in both measures across BMI strata after 180 days. ART treatment was estimated to cost $556 per year and averted 7.3 disability-adjusted life years. To maintain cost-effectiveness parity with ART alone, a supplement needed to cost $10.99 per quarter and confer a 20% reduction in both 6-month mortality and loss to follow-up among BMI <16.0 kg/m2 patients. Among BMI 17.00-18.49 kg/m2 patients, supplement costs accompanying a 20% reduction in mortality and loss to follow-up could not exceed $5.18 per quarter. In sensitivity analyses, the maximum permitted supplement cost increased if the ART program cost rose, and fell if patients classified as lost to follow-up at 6 months subsequently returned to care. Conclusions Low BMI adults starting ART in sub-Saharan Africa are at high risk of early mortality and loss to follow-up. The expense of providing nutrition supplementation would require only modest improvements in survival and program retention to be cost-effective for the most severely malnourished individuals starting ART, but interventions are unlikely to be cost-effective among those in higher BMI strata.
title: Stereotactic body radiotherapy for extra-cranial metastases: A single institution experience
Creators: name: Vignarajah, Dharman
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Oncology
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Cone beam CT
subject: Stereotactic radiotherapy
subject: Radiation therapy / Oncology
subject: VMAT and Tomotherapy
subject: Radiotherapy techniques

description: Aim Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aim: Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) has emerged as an effective method to deliver high doses to extracranial sites. As this technology is evolving, it is important to report procedures and outcomes, to identify patients or indications most...
Unified theory of PT and CP invariant topological metals and nodal superconductors
Creators: name: Zhao, Y. X.
name: Schnyder, Andreas P.
name: Wang, Z. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As PT and CP symmetries are fundamental in physics, we establish a unified topological theory of PT and CP invariant metals and nodal superconductors, based on the mathematically rigorous $KO$ theory. Representative models are constructed for all nontrivial topological cases in dimensions $d=1,2$, and $3$, with their exotic physical meanings being elucidated in detail. Intriguingly, it is found that the topological charges of Fermi surfaces in the bulk determine an exotic direction-dependent distribution of topological subgap modes on the boundaries. Furthermore, by constructing an exact bulk-boundary correspondence, we show that the topological Fermi points of the PT and CP invariant classes can appear as gapless modes on the boundary of topological insulators with a certain type of anisotropic crystalline symmetry.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure and supplemental material, to be published in PRL
Low temperature HD + $ortho$-/$para$-H$_2$ inelastic scattering of astrophysical interest
Creators: name: Sultanov, Renat A.
name: Guster, Dennis
name: Adhikari, S. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: State-selected total cross sections and thermal rate coefficients are computed for the HD + $ortho$-/$para$-H$_2$ rotational energy transfer collision at low temperatures: 2 K $\lesssim$ T $\lesssim$ 300 K. A modified H$_2$-H$_2$ potential energy surface (PES) devised by Hinde is used for this pure quantum-mechanical dynamical computation. A comparison of the new results for the HD + $ortho$-/$para$-H$_2$ scattering problem and previous calculations computed with the use of other older PESs is presented and discussed.
description: Revtex preprint: 34 pages, 3 tables and 16 figures
title: A comparison of initial treatment setup accuracy in external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) for prone pelvic patients using temporary ink skin marks with and without tattoos
Creators: name: Weerappah, Jade
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Radiotherapy techniques
subject: Quality assurance
subject: Cancer
subject: Radiation therapy / Oncology
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Pelvis
subject: Oncology

description: Aim Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aim: Skin marking is an essential starting point for setting a patient up for radiotherapy treatments [1-3]. An accurate and durable skin marking process at the simulation session is imperative in order to accurately represent the isocenter position...
Hypercube emulation of interconnection networks topologies
Creators: name: Alahmadi, Adel
name: Alhazmi, Husain
name: Ali, Shakir
name: Deza, Michel
name: Sikirić, Mathieu Dutour
name: Solé, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We address various topologies (de Bruijn, chordal ring, generalized Petersen, meshes) in various ways ( isometric embedding, embedding up to scale, embedding up to a distance) in a hypercube or a half-hypercube. Example of obtained embeddings: infinite series of hypercube embeddable Bubble Sort and Double Chordal Rings topologies, as well as of regular maps.
description: 14 pages, 5 tables, 7 figures
How to Directly Image a Habitable Planet Around Alpha Centauri with a ~30-45cm Space Telescope
Creators: name: Belikov, Ruslan
name: Bendek, Eduardo
name: Thomas, Sandrine
name: Males, Jared
name: Lozi, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several mission concepts are being studied to directly image planets around nearby stars. It is commonly thought that directly imaging a potentially habitable exoplanet around a Sun-like star requires space telescopes with apertures of at least 1m. A notable exception to this is Alpha Centauri (A and B), which is an extreme outlier among FGKM stars in terms of apparent habitable zone size: the habitable zones are ~3x wider in apparent size than around any other FGKM star. This enables a ~30-45cm visible light space telescope equipped with a modern high performance coronagraph or starshade to resolve the habitable zone at high contrast and directly image any potentially habitable planet that may exist in the system. We presents a brief analysis of the astrophysical and technical challenges involved with direct imaging of Alpha Centauri with a small telescope and describe two new technologies that address some of the key technical challenges. In particular, the raw contrast requirements for such an instrument can be relaxed to 1e-8 if the mission spends 2 years collecting tens of thousands of images on the same target, enabling a factor of 500-1000 speckle suppression in post processing using a new technique called Orbital Difference Imaging (ODI). The raw light leak from both stars is controllable with a special wavefront control algorithm known as Multi-Star Wavefront Control (MSWC), which independently suppresses diffraction and aberrations from both stars using independent modes on the deformable mirror. We also show an example of a small coronagraphic mission concept to take advantage of this opportunity.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, 1 table, to appear in Proc. SPIE 9605. See other ACESat papers by Bendek, Males, and Thomas
title: A radiobiological optimization approach in VMAT prostate planning using RayStation
Creators: name: Mzenda, Bongile
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Radiation physics
subject: CT
subject: Radiobiology
subject: Radiotherapy techniques

description: Aim Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aim: This study aims to compare prostate cancer treatment plans optimised by way of radiobiological objectives to corresponding plans generated using dose-volume based parameters for VMAT treatments. The study assesses the radiobiological indices for TCP...
The use of complete-case and multiple imputation-based analyses in molecular epidemiology studies that assess interaction effects
Creators: name: Gammon, Marilie D.
name: Esserman, Denise
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2011

description: Abstract Background In molecular epidemiology studies biospecimen data are collected, often with the purpose of evaluating the synergistic role between a biomarker and another feature on an outcome. Typically, biomarker data are collected on only a proportion of subjects eligible for study, leading to a missing data problem. Missing data methods, however, are not customarily incorporated into analyses. Instead, complete-case (CC) analyses are performed, which can result in biased and inefficient estimates. Methods Through simulations, we characterized the performance of CC methods when interaction effects are estimated. We also investigated whether standard multiple imputation (MI) could improve estimation over CC methods when the data are not missing at random (NMAR) and auxiliary information may or may not exist. Results CC analyses were shown to result in considerable bias and efficiency loss. While MI reduced bias and increased efficiency over CC methods under specific conditions, it too resulted in biased estimates depending on the strength of the auxiliary data available and the nature of the missingness. In particular, CC performed better than MI when extreme values of the covariate were more likely to be missing, while MI outperformed CC when missingness of the covariate related to both the covariate and outcome. MI always improved performance when strong auxiliary data were available. In a real study, MI estimates of interaction effects were attenuated relative to those from a CC approach. Conclusions Our findings suggest the importance of incorporating missing data methods into the analysis. If the data are MAR, standard MI is a reasonable method. Auxiliary variables may make this assumption more reasonable even if the data are NMAR. Under NMAR we emphasize caution when using standard MI and recommend it over CC only when strong auxiliary data are available. MI, with the missing data mechanism specified, is an alternative when the data are NMAR. In all cases, it is recommended to take advantage of MI's ability to account for the uncertainty of these assumptions.
title: "… er aber wird über dich herrschen"
Creators: name: Herzog, Sarah Christiane
Year: 2023

description: Das paradiesische Geschlechterverhältnis in der zweiten Schöpfungserzählung (Gen 2–3) wird überwiegend egalitär dargestellt, kehrt sich jedoch nach dem Motiv des Falls in ein post-paradiesisches Spannungsverhältnis mit einem hierarchischen Machtgefälle um. Die Ambivalenz der betreffenden Passagen mit ihren zahlreichen Leerstellen, Polyvalenzen und Ambiguitäten schlägt sich auch in der frühen Rezeptionsgeschichte des Textes nieder. An Sir 25,24, 1Kor 11,2–16 und NHC II,4 wird beispielhaft gezeigt, wie die textinhärente Am-bivalenz von Gen 2–3 für schöpfungstheologische Argumentationen instrumentalisiert wird und eine wesentliche Grundlage für antike Diskurse um das praktische Verhältnis zwischen Mann und Frau bietet. Die Ambivalenz des Genotextes führt zu konträren Auslegungen und transformierenden Adaptionen in den Phänotexten, die sowohl egalitäre als auch hierarchische Lesarten vertreten können und dabei selbst interpretationsoffen bleiben.
description: The paradisiacal gender relationship in the second creation narrative (Gen 2–3) is predominantly presented in an egalitarian way, but after the motif of the fall it reverses into a tense post-paradise relationship with a hierarchical power imbalance. The ambivalence of the passages in question, with their numerous blanks, polyvalences, and ambiguities, is also reflected in the early reception history of the text. Sir 25:24, 1 Cor 11:2–16, and NHC II:4 are used as examples to show how the text-inherent ambivalence of Gen 2–3 is instrumentalized for arguments in theology of creation and provides an essential basis for ancient discourses on the practical relationship between man and woman. The ambivalence of the genotext leads to contrasting interpretations and transformative adaptations in the phenotexts, which can represent both egalitarian and hierarchical readings while themselves remaining open to interpretation.
Қорақалпоғистон Рэспубликасида экологик вазият
Creators: name: Жуматова Шодия Тозабой қизи
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: АННОТАТСИЯ

Мақолада Қароқалпоғистонда экологик вазиятлар, Орол дэнгизи ҳақида ўрганилган ҳамда тэгишли хулосалар қилинган.

Калит сўзлар: Орол дэнгиз, экология, биологик, назорат, вазият.

АННОТАЦИЯ

 В статье рассматривается экологическая ситуация в Каракалпакстане, Аральском море и делаются соответствующие выводы.

 Ключевые слова: островное море, экология, биологическое, регулирование, ситуация.

ANNOTATION

 The article examines the ecological situation in Karakalpakstan, the Aral Sea, and makes relevant conclusions.

 Key words: Island Sea, ecology, biological, control, situation.
title: The clinical relevance of staging scans in the initial workup for prostate cancer - a retrospective radiological audit
Creators: name: Cominos, Fallon
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: CT
subject: Pelvis
subject: Cancer

description: Aim Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aim: To perform a restrospective audit of the relevant findings detected on the initial CT staging scan performed in a new diagnosis of prostate cancer. This may help to reduce unnecessary CT scans particularly in the current climate where budgetary...
title: Institutional imaging guidelines for the management of small bowel Crohn's disease
Creators: name: Raza, Sibtain
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Small bowel
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Barium meal
subject: Radiation effects
subject: Surgery
subject: Fistula
subject: Abscess
subject: Inflammation

description: Aim Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aim: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) represents a group of idiopathic, chronic, inflammatory intestinal conditions. Its two main disease categories are Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), with both overlapping and distinct clinical and...
Alterations in self-reported sensory gating and interoception in individuals frequently using cannabis
Creators: name: Bloomer, Bess F.
name: Larson, Eric R.
name: Tullar, Rachel L.
name: Herms, Emma N.
name: Bolbecker, Amanda R.
name: O’Donnell, Brian F.
name: Hetrick, William P.
name: Wisner, Krista M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Neuroscience
Pharmacology
Mental Health

description: Background: Cannabis use is associated with altered processing of external (exteroceptive) and internal (interoceptive) sensory stimuli. However, little research exists on whether subjective experiences of these processes are altered in people who frequently use cannabis. Altered exteroception may influence externally oriented attention, whereas interoceptive differences have implications for intoxication, craving, and withdrawal states. Objectives: The goal of the current study was to investigate subjective experiences of exteroceptive sensory gating and interoception in people frequently using cannabis. We hypothesized subjective impairments in sensory gating and elevations in affect-related interoceptive awareness; furthermore, such deviations would relate to cannabis use patterns. Methods: This cross-sectional study of community adults 18–40 years old included 72 individuals (50% female) who used cannabis at least twice a week (not intoxicated during study) and 78 individuals who did not use cannabis (60% female). Participants completed the Sensory Gating Inventory and the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness-2 surveys. People using cannabis completed surveys on cannabis use patterns. Analyses tested group differences and associations with cannabis use. Results: People using cannabis reported impaired sensory gating (d = 0.37–0.44; all p values < 0.05) and elevations of interoceptive awareness related to detection and affect (d = 0.21–0.61; all p values < 0.05). Problematic cannabis use was associated with increased sensory gating impairments (r = 0.37, p < .05). Interoceptive awareness was unrelated to cannabis use variables. Conclusion: These findings extend literature on subjective experiences of sensory processing in people using cannabis. Findings may inform inclusion of external attentional tendencies and internal bodily awareness in assessments of risk and novel treatment approaches.
title: TROG 10.01 bladder online adaptive radiotherapy: Feasibility of bladder volume variance to predict plan-of-the-day suitability in daily online adaptive radiotherapy treatment
Creators: name: Pham, Daniel
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Urinary Tract / Bladder
subject: Oncology
subject: Cone beam CT
subject: Radiation therapy / Oncology
subject: Technology assessment
subject: Radiotherapy techniques

description: Aim Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aim: Compared to conventional radiotherapy for muscle invasive bladder cancer, online adaptive radiotherapy has been shown to reduce bowel toxicity through the use of reduced planning margins and availability of plan libraries (1-3). In the recently...
ESMARConf2022 Workshop 6: Introduction to writing R functions/packages
Creators: name: Westgate, Martin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: ESMARConf2022
evidence synthesis
meta-analysis
RStats

description: This workshop provides walkthroughs, examples and advice on how to go about building R functions and packages, and why you might wish to do so in the first place. It aims to discuss the benefits of using functions and packages to support your work and the work of others, and provides practical advice about when a package might be ready to 'go public'.
Changes in modes of cannabis consumption pre- and post-legalization and their correlates among adults in Ontario, Canada: 2017–2022
Creators: name: Nigatu, Yeshambel T.
name: Imtiaz, Sameer
name: Elton-Marshall, Tara
name: Rueda, Sergio
name: Hamilton, Hayley A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Mental Health

description: Background: Despite an increase in the varieties of cannabis products available for consumption, limited evidence is available about the patterns of cannabis consumption methods before and after legalization. Objectives: To examine the changes in modes of cannabis use and their correlates among adults in Ontario, Canada both prior to and following cannabis legalization in 2018. Methods: Data were utilized from the 2017 to 2022 Centre for Addiction and Mental Health’s (CAMH) Monitor study, a repeated cross-sectional survey of adults 18 years of age and older (n = 2,665; 56% male). The surveys employed a regionally stratified sampling design using computer-assisted telephone interviews and web surveys. Multinomial regression was performed to examine different modes of cannabis use. Results: The exclusive use of cannabis through ingestion methods increased from 4.0% in 2017 to 16.6% in 2022 (p < .001). However, the exclusive use of inhalation-based cannabis decreased from 49.4% in 2017 to 25.5% in 2022 (p < .001). Relative to inhalation-based modes, adults were about five times more likely to use ingestion-based modes in 2020 [RRR = 4.65 (2.94–7.35)] and 2022 [RRR = 4.75 (2.99–7.55)] than in 2019, after accounting for sociodemographic factors. Conclusions: Ingestion-based cannabis use among adults increased fourfold between 2017 and 2022, a period during which recreational cannabis use was legalized in Canada. The increase was especially evident after the legalization of cannabis edibles.
Evaluation of a revised AERMOD treatment of plume dispersion in the daytime elevated stable layer
Creators: name: Warren, Christopher J.
name: Paine, Robert J.
name: Connors, Jeffrey A.
name: Szembek, Carlos
name: Knipping, Eladio
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Advanced dispersion models such as AERMOD specifically address the portion of a plume emitted in convective conditions that is sufficiently buoyant to rise into the stable layer above the elevated inversion. This portion of the plume mass is often referred to as the “penetrated plume” because that plume component breaks through the elevated inversion and penetrates into the stable layer aloft. A premature mixing of the penetrated plume to the ground has been identified in the current formulation of AERMOD, which is the U.S. EPA-preferred short-range dispersion model and used in several other countries. This behavior has been observed based on data from field studies where the model is found to overpredict ground-level concentration events due to the penetrated plume component, with the timing of these peak predictions too early in the day. A proposed update to AERMOD to address the penetrated plume issue (referred to as “HBP” for modifications particularly important for “highly buoyant plume”) is documented and evaluated in this manuscript. The revised approach involves a check on the convective mixing height for the current hour as well as the next hour to determine how much of the penetrated plume has been captured by the convective boundary layer by the end of the current hour. The amount of the penetrated plume mass that is allowed to mix to the ground in the HBP modifications depends upon the result of this calculation. The HBP modification has been evaluated as an update to AERMOD for three databases along with a sensitivity analysis of the effects of the HBP changes on a variety of stack heights and buoyancy fluxes. The findings of the evaluation indicate that the HBP changes to AERMOD result in reduced overprediction tendencies. Implications: A proposed enhancement to AERMOD to address a premature mixing of penetrated plume material to the ground has been performed by implemented and evaluated by the authors. The enhancement, referred to as the highly buoyant plume (HBP) is based on work developed by Jeffrey Weil. HBP is designed to better characterize the penetrated plume behavior in the model such that it aligns more closely with observations based on data from field studies.
title: Aunt Minnie's of the abdomen: A pictorial essay
Creators: name: Shafik-Eid, Raymond
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cholangiography
subject: MR
subject: Digital radiography
subject: CT
subject: Abdomen
subject: Acute

description: Aim Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aim: The aunt Minnie is classically a case that comprises of a constellation of findings which when combined together enables the experienced reader to offer a rapid and specific diagnosis 1 . The aim of this pictorial essay is to familiarise the reader...
The ${\cal N}=4$ Schur index with Polyakov loops
Creators: name: Drukker, Nadav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently the Schur index of ${\cal N}=4$ SYM was evaluated in closed form to all orders including exponential corrections in the large $N$ expansion and for fixed finite $N$. This was achieved by identifying the matrix model which calculates the index with the partition function of a system of free fermions on a circle. The index can be enriched by the inclusion of loop operators and the case of Wilson loops is particularly easy, as it amounts to inserting extra characters into the matrix model. The Fermi-gas approach is applied here to this problem, the formalism is explored and explicit results at large $N$ are found for the fundamental as well as a few other symmetric and antisymmetric representations.
description: 15 pages. 1 figure
Rationale, design, and methodology for the optimizing outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus and their infants study
Creators: name: Goodnight, William
name: Schwartz, Todd
name: Stuebe, Alison
name: Berry, Diane
name: Hall, Emily G.
name: Menard, Mary K
name: Dorman, Karen F
name: Verbiest, Sarah
name: Brody, Seth
name: Neal, Madeline N
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2013

description: Abstract Background Women who are diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at increased risk for developing prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). To date, there have been few interdisciplinary interventions that target predominantly ethnic minority low-income women diagnosed with GDM. This paper describes the rationale, design and methodology of a 2-year, randomized, controlled study being conducted in North Carolina. Methods/Design Using a two-group, repeated measures, experimental design, we will test a 14- week intensive intervention on the benefits of breastfeeding, understanding gestational diabetes and risk of progression to prediabetes and T2DM, nutrition and exercise education, coping skills training, physical activity (Phase I), educational and motivational text messaging and 3 months of continued monthly contact (Phase II). A total of 100 African American, non-Hispanic white, and bilingual Hispanic women between 22–36 weeks of pregnancy who are diagnosed with GDM and their infants will be randomized to either the experimental group or the wait-listed control group. The first aim of the study is to determine the feasibility of the intervention. The second aim of study is to test the effects of the intervention on maternal outcomes from baseline (22–36 weeks pregnant) to 10 months postpartum. Primary maternal outcomes will include fasting blood glucose and weight (BMI) from baseline to 10 months postpartum. Secondary maternal outcomes will include clinical, adiposity, health behaviors and self-efficacy outcomes from baseline to 10 months postpartum. The third aim of the study is to quantify the effects of the intervention on infant feeding and growth. Infant outcomes will include weight status and breastfeeding from birth through 10 months of age. Data analysis will include general linear mixed-effects models. Safety endpoints include adverse event reporting. Discussion Findings from this trial may lead to an effective intervention to assist women diagnosed with GDM to improve maternal glucose homeostasis and weight as well as stabilize infant growth trajectory, reducing the burden of metabolic disease across two generations. Trial registration NCT01809431
AN EVALUATION OF THE USE OF SPECTRAL PROPERTIES IN MONITORING STRESS IN MARINE MACROALGAE
Creators: name: MAY, SARAH JANE
Publisher: name: University of Plymouth
Year: 2000

description: Merged with duplicate record 10026.1/603 on 28.02.2017 by CS (TIS)
description: The overall aim of this thesis was to assess the potential of developing specific quantifiable assays of pollutant damage based on changes on the in vivo optical properties of macroalgae, applicable to laboratory and remote systems. The green macroalgae, E.intestinalis, was exposed to selected trace metals (copper and zinc), triazine herbicides (Irgarol 1051 and atrazine) and a series of alcohols (n = 1 - 9). The algal in vivo spectral properties, measured using a spectrophotometer fitted with an integrating sphere, determined changes due to exposure, and results were compared with established methods, including growth and fluorescence, to assess algal health status. Each pollutant, except zinc, had a significant (P < 0.05) effect on in vivo spectral properties at the range of concentrations used. The results indicated that the technique has potential to identify the algal systems affected by the pollutant, as signatures obtained appeared to indicate whether change was due to structure or pigments. The technique was sensitive, repeatable, and could detect individual pollutants in a copper/Irgarol 1051 mixture. The results were mathematically interpreted to provide ratios, individual wavelengths, sensitivity figures, web diagrams and QSARs to highligh.t differences between pollutant effect. The QSAR, obtained from E.intestinalis exposed to a series of alcohols, had a R2 value of0.9682 using in vivo absorptance at 680 nm and Log Kow, which corresponds with published values of 0.97 using ion leakage with the same species. However, the technique of in vivo spectral properties has the advantage of being non-invasive. Samples of E.intestinalis were collected from different field sites and their in vivo spectral responses could be grouped according to potential pollutants to which they had been exposed. In addition, the potential of extending the technique for use in remote sensing is discussed. It was concluded that the technique of monitoring in vivo spectral properties is an appropriate biomonitor to add to the expanding range of current biomonitors.
A national longitudinal study of sexual orientation discordance, sexual identity fluidity, and alcohol and other drug use disorder symptoms
Creators: name: McCabe, Sean Esteban
name: Dickinson, Kara
name: Engstrom, Curtiss W.
name: Kcomt, Luisa
name: Veliz, Philip T.
name: Boyd, Carol J.
name: Parra, Luis A.
name: Evans-Polce, Rebecca
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health
subject: Computational Biology

description: Background: Many national studies fail to account for discordance between sexual orientation dimensions (e.g. a mismatch between sexual identity and sexual attraction) or sexual identity fluidity (e.g. changes in sexual identity over time). Objective: To examine the longitudinal relationships among sexual identity fluidity/stability, sexual orientation discordance/concordance, and alcohol and other drug use disorder symptoms. Methods: The study used nationally representative longitudinal data from Waves 1–5 (2013–2019) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study of US adolescents and adults (N = 24,591). Results: Substance use disorder symptoms were most prevalent (45.8%) among bisexual-stable females relative to all other sexual identity subgroups. The adjusted odds ratios (AORs) of substance use disorder symptoms were significantly higher among bisexual-stable females vs. heterosexual-stable females in all models (AOR range: 1.94–2.32), while no such associations were found for males. Sexual identity-attraction discordant females had significantly greater AORs (17/20 instances) of substance use disorder symptoms compared to concordant females; this finding was not as consistent for males (6/20 instances). Conclusion: Sexual orientation discordance was significantly associated with substance use disorder symptoms, especially among females discordant in their sexual identity and attraction. Bisexual-stable and discordant females are at highest risk of developing symptomatic substance use; it is vital that they receive screening, no matter where they are in their coming out process. This study highlights pitfalls of relying solely on cross-sectional data using a single sexual orientation dimension to understand the relationship between sexual orientation and substance use disorder.
title: Multidisciplinary and mixed modality radiotherapy solutions for complex cutaneous recurrent breast cancer - A case study
Creators: name: Li, Sarah
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft tissues / Skin
subject: Breast
subject: Extremities
subject: CT
subject: Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT)
subject: Radiation therapy / Oncology
subject: Metastases
subject: Multidisciplinary cancer care
subject: Radiotherapy techniques

description: Aim Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aim: The vast majority of cutaneous metastases in women come from a breast primary (69%), however distal recurrence is less common (14%), and can have variable clinical appearances 1 . Its management poses numerous challenges such as achieving skin dose...
title: "Das Kitzeln in den Fingern"
Creators: name: Hinterreither, Oskar
Year: 2023

description: Die vorliegende Masterarbeit untersucht anhand einer Analyse mikrophänomenologischer Interviews nach dem Verfahren von Valenzuela & Vasquez (2019), wie sechs Proband*innen ihr subjektives Erleben beim Hören eines ihnen unbekannten Musikstücks beschreiben und ob zwischen den Erlebnisbeschreibungen der Proband*innen intersubjektive Gemeinsamkeiten festgestellt werden können. Es wurde der Versuch unternommen, Theorien aus den Bereichen der 4E-Cognition mithilfe der erhobenen Daten zu bekräftigen bzw. zu entkräften. Die Ergebnisse der Untersuchung legen nahe, dass das Erleben von Musik nicht auf bloße In- und Output-Prozesse der Reizverarbeitung reduziert werden kann, sondern dass ein Erleben von Klang und Musik mithilfe des gesamten Körpers geschieht. Die Aussagen der Proband*innen zeigen, dass imaginierte Sachverhalte beim Musikhören in einigen Fällen mit körperlichen Gefühlen einhergehen. Die durch Stoichita & Brabec de Mori (2017) vorgenommene Klassifizierung in die drei postures of listening (A) indexical listening, (B) structural listening und (C) enchanted listening, erscheint auch im Lichte der in dieser Arbeit vorgelegten Ergebnisse erschöpfend und zur Kategorisierung einer umfassenden Phänomenologie des Klangerlebens geeignet. Zudem zeigen die Ergebnisse auch die von den Autoren beschriebene Praxis des Hin- und Herspringens zwischen den einzelnen postures of listening auf (Stoichita & Brabec de Mori 2017: 2). Das von Valenzuela & Vasquez (2019) erstellte Verfahren zur Analyse mikrophänomenologischer Interviews erscheint für den komplexen Erlebnisprozess beim Hören eines unbekannten Musikstücks zur Erstellung einer spezifischen diachronischen und einer spezifischen synchronischen Struktur des Erlebens geeignet. Die graphische bzw. tabellarische Darstellung der generischen diachronischen und synchronischen Struktur scheiterte an der Komplexität der erhobenen Daten.
title: Comparison of image guided enema reduction techniques for paediatric intussusception: Review of the literature
Creators: name: Chew, Renny
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Paediatric
subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Treatment effects
subject: Outcomes analysis
subject: Outcomes
subject: Obstruction / Occlusion

description: Aim Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aim: Intussusception is the invagination of one segment of intestine into a distal segment. Classified as idiopathic or secondary to a pathological lead point (PLP). In idiopathic cases the lead point is hyperplasia of lymphoid tissue in the distal ileum...
title: To determine optimum calibration method of EBT3 film
Creators: name: Jones, Catherine
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Oncology
subject: CT
subject: Dosimetry
subject: Cancer

description: Aim Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aim: The purpose of this work is to determine the optimum channel (red, green, blue, or a combination thereof) for calibration of EBT3 film for dose verification of radiotherapy plans. We also to examined the accuracy of using a single calibration curve...
Achieving sustainability in health information systems: a field tested measure of country ownership
Creators: name: Watson-Grant, Stephanie
name: Xiong, Khou
name: Thomas, James C.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2017

description: Abstract Background A country will trust, value, and use, its health information system (HIS) to the extent it has had a role in its creation and maintenance. A sense of ownership contributes in turn to the long-term sustainability of the HIS, and thus the country’s ability to monitor and evaluate population health and health services. To facilitate progress toward greater ownership, we developed and tested a tool to measure the country’s ownership of its monitoring and evaluation (M&E) system. Methods Through a systematic review of the literature, we identified four dimensions of country ownership of an M&E system: partnership, commitment and responsibility, capacity, and accountability. We identified relevant indicators of the dimensions already in use in other tools used to assess M&E systems. We tested the data collection tool with 95 stakeholders of the Tanzanian HIS for HIV/AIDS control. Results We identified 56 items that addressed elements of the four dimensions. The respondents found our tool for assessing country ownership of an HIS to be clear and relevant, leading to the identification of important issues to be discussed. For example, all stakeholder groups affirmed that the Tanzanian Commission for AIDS is “playing a leadership role in addressing HIV through collaborative partnerships and work across borders to achieve greater impact.” While many respondents disagreed with the statement, “There is an adequate number of government monitoring and evaluation posts at the sub-national level.” Conclusions Stakeholders found the M&E country ownership tool to address relevant questions clearly. It enabled them to identify successes and challenges within four dimensions of country ownership. It thus holds the potential to lead to an agenda for strengthening country ownership. If implemented every few years, the tool can provide a means of monitoring progress through a set of standardized indicators. As country ownership of M&E increases, so will the long-term sustainability of the HIS.
Resonant transmission of light in arrays of high-index dielectric nanoparticles
Creators: name: Savelev, Roman S.
name: Filonov, Dmitry S.
name: Petrov, Mihail I.
name: Krasnok, Alexander E.
name: Belov, Pavel A.
name: Kivshar, Yuri S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study numerically, analytically and experimentally the resonant transmission of light in a waveguide formed by a periodic array of high-index dielectric nanoparticles with a side-coupled resonator. We demonstrate that a resonator with high enough Q-factor provides the conditions for the Fano-type interference allowing to control the resonant transmission of light. We suggest a practical realization of this resonant effect based on the quadrupole resonance of a dielectric particle and demonstrate it experimentally for ceramic spheres at microwaves.
Assessment of nutrition and physical activity environments in family child care homes: modification and psychometric testing of the Environment and Policy Assessment and Observation
Creators: name: Mazzucca, Stephanie
name: Vaughn, Amber
name: Ward, Dianne
name: Burney, Regan
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2017

description: Abstract Background Early care and education (ECE) settings play an important role in shaping the nutrition and physical activity habits of young children. Increasing research attention is being directed toward family child care homes (FCCHs) specifically. However, existing measures of child care nutrition and physical activity environments are limited in that they have been created for use with center-based programs and require modification for studies involving FCCHs. This paper describes the modification of the Environment and Policy Assessment and Observation (EPAO) for use in FCCHs. Methods The EPAO underwent a through modification process that incorporated an updated format for the data collection instrument, assessment of emerging best practices, tailoring to the FCCH environment, and creation of a new scoring rubric. The new instrument was implemented as part of a larger randomized control trial. To assess inter-rater reliability, observations on 61 different days were performed independently by two data collectors. To assess construct validity, associations between EPAO scores and measures of children’s dietary intake (Healthy Eating Index (HEI) score) and physical activity (accelerometer-measured minutes per hour of moderate to vigorous physical activity, MVPA) were examined. Results The modified EPAO assesses 38 nutrition and 27 physical activity best practices, which can be summarized into 7 nutrition-related and 10 physical activity-related environmental sub- scores as well as overall nutrition and overall physical activity scores. There was generally good agreement between data collectors (ICC > 0.60). Reliability was slightly lower for feeding practices and physical activity education and professional development (ICC = 0.56 and 0.22, respectively). Child HEI was significantly correlated with the overall nutrition score (r = 0.23), foods provided (r = 0.28), beverages provided (r = 0.15), nutrition education and professional development (r = 0.21), and nutrition policy (r = 0.18). Child MVPA was significantly associated with overall time provided for activity (r = 0.18) and outdoor playtime (r = 0.20). There was also an unexpected negative association between child MVPA and screen time (−0.16) and screen time practices (r = −0.21). Conclusions The EPAO for the FCCH instrument is a useful tool for researchers working with this unique type of ECE setting. It has undergone rigorous development and testing and appears to have good psychometric properties. Trial registration NCT01814215 , March 15, 2013.
title: MRI protocols for the screening of manifestations of von Hippel Lindau disease in the at risk and/or genetically proven population
Creators: name: Rabinowitz, Dean
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Screening
subject: MR
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Kidney
subject: Abdomen
subject: Epidemiology
subject: Genetic defects

description: Aim Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aim: Aim Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) is an inherited, tumour predisposition syndrome. The intracranial, spinal and abdominal manifestations of VHL and their imaging appearance at MRI are well documented in the literature. While there are recognised...
Effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for alcohol use disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis update
Creators: name: Ghosh, Abhishek
name: Morgan, Nirvana
name: Calvey, Tanya
name: Scheibein, Florian
name: Angelakis, Ioannis
name: Panagioti, Maria
name: Ferri, Marica
name: Krupchanka, Dzmitry
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy
Mental Health

description: Background: Given the accumulating research, evolving psychosocial treatment, and equivocal findings, updating WHO’s Mental Health Gap Action Programme-2015 was necessary to ensure guidelines reflect effective strategies for alcohol use disorder (AUD). Objective: To estimate the effects of psychosocial interventions on drinking and related outcomes. Methods: We included randomized controlled trials published between January 2015 and June 2022 on adults with alcohol dependence (ICD 10/DSM-IV) and moderate to severe AUD (DSM-5), and those examined psychosocial interventions against treatment-as-usual (TAU) and active controls. Eight databases and registries were searched. Relative Risk (RR) and standardized mean difference (SMD) were used for dichotomous and continuous outcomes. We used Cochrane’s risk of bias assessment (RoB2). Results: Of 873 screened records, 14 and 13 studies in the narrative synthesis and meta-analysis. Of the 2,575 participants, 71.5% were men. Thirteen studies used ICD 10/DSM IV diagnosis. Compared to TAU, any psychosocial intervention increased the relative risk of abstinence by 28% [N = 7, RR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.07 to 1.53, p = .01, NNT = 9]. There were minimal heterogeneity and no evidence of publication bias. Psychosocial interventions were not effective in reducing the drinking frequency (n = 2, Hedge’s g = −0.10, 95% CI: −0.46 to 0.26, p = .57) and drinks/drinking days (N = 5, g = −0.10, 95% CI: −0.37 to 0.16, p = .43). Treatment discontinuation did not differ between intervention and control groups [RR = 1.09, 95% CI: 0.66 to 1.80]. Conclusion: Psychosocial interventions are effective in improving abstinence but not in reducing drinking frequency or amount. Policymakers must consider this evidence to generate AUD treatment guidelines. Registration: PROSPERO 2022 CRD42022342608