cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Hawking radiation from black holes in de Sitter spaces
Creators: name: Jiang, Qing-Quan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, Hawking radiation has been treated, by Robinson and Wilczek, as a compensating flux of the energy momentum tensor required to cancel gavitational anomaly at the event horizon(EH) of a Schwarzschild-type black hole. In this paper, motivated by their work, Hawking radiation from the event horizon(EH) and the de Sitter cosmological horizon(CH) of black holes in de Sitter spaces, specifically including the purely de Sitter black hole, and the static, spherically symmetric Schwarzschild-de Sitter black hole as well as the rotating Kerr-de Sitter black hole, has been studied by anomalies. The result shows that the gauge current and energy momentum tensor fluxes, required to restore gauge invariance and general coordinate covariance at the EH and the CH, are precisely equal to those of Hawking radiation from the EH and the CH, respectively. It should be noted that, gauge and gravitational anomalies taken place at the cosmological horizon(CH) arise from the fact that the effective field theory is formulated inside the CH to integrate out the classically irrelevant outgoing modes at the CH, which is different from those at the black hole horizon(EH).
description: 23pages, revised version to appear in Class. Quant. Grav
Apparent and average acceleration of the Universe
Creators: name: Bolejko, Krzysztof
name: Andersson, Lars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we consider the relation between the volume deceleration parameter obtained within the Buchert averaging scheme and the deceleration parameter derived from the supernova observation. This work was motivated by recent findings that showed that there are models which despite $Λ=0$ have volume deceleration parameter $q^{vol} < 0$. This opens the possibility that backreaction and averaging effects may be used as an interesting alternative explanation to the dark energy phenomenon. We have calculated $q^{vol}$ in some Lemaître--Tolman models. For those models which are chosen to be realistic and which fit the supernova data, we find that $q^{vol} > 0$, while those models which we have been able to find which exhibit $q^{vol} < 0$ turn out to be unrealistic. This indicates that care must be exercised in relating the deceleration parameter to observations.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures; matches published version
What Are We Really Testing in Mutation Testing for Machine Learning? A Critical Reflection
Creators: name: Panichella, Annibale
name: Liem, Cynthia C. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Mutation testing is a well-established technique for assessing a test suite's quality by injecting artificial faults into production code. In recent years, mutation testing has been extended to machine learning (ML) systems, and deep learning (DL) in particular; researchers have proposed approaches, tools, and statistically sound heuristics to determine whether mutants in DL systems are killed or not. However, as we will argue in this work, questions can be raised to what extent currently used mutation testing techniques in DL are actually in line with the classical interpretation of mutation testing. We observe that ML model development resembles a test-driven development (TDD) process, in which a training algorithm (`programmer') generates a model (program) that fits the data points (test data) to labels (implicit assertions), up to a certain threshold. However, considering proposed mutation testing techniques for ML systems under this TDD metaphor, in current approaches, the distinction between production and test code is blurry, and the realism of mutation operators can be challenged. We also consider the fundamental hypotheses underlying classical mutation testing: the competent programmer hypothesis and coupling effect hypothesis. As we will illustrate, these hypotheses do not trivially translate to ML system development, and more conscious and explicit scoping and concept mapping will be needed to truly draw parallels. Based on our observations, we propose several action points for better alignment of mutation testing techniques for ML with paradigms and vocabularies of classical mutation testing.
Unintended effects of transgenic rice revealed by transcriptome and metabolism
Creators: name: Fu, Wei
name: Wang, Chenguang
name: Xu, Wenjie
name: Zhu, Pengyu
name: Lu, Yun
name: Wei, Shuang
name: Wu, Xiyang
name: Wu, Yuping
name: Zhao, Yiqiang
name: Zhu, Shuifang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Genetically modified (GM) organisms have been developed for decades. However, unintended effects are the main concerns of safety assessment that needs to be carefully investigated. Here, eight varieties of GM rice that were developed in China were selected to assess the unintended effects through transcriptome and metabolism. There are 2892–8758 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 7–50 metabolites at significant level between GM varieties and their isogenic counterparts, which were far fewer than that between traditional rice varieties. The function enrichment analysis showed altered transcription in stress-related pathway and starch and sucrose metabolism. DEGs shared among eight GM samples constitute less than 1% of the genes in the genome, and none of them is reported more than four times. The insertion effect on the nearby gene expression and the associated metabolism is only restricted to 50 genes. All the results provide a comprehensive analysis of unintended effects and indication of difference in Chinese transgenic rice based on their backgrounds, transformation, and insertion elements.
On Edge-Disjoint Pairs Of Matchings
Creators: name: Mkrtchyan, V. V.
name: Musoyan, V. L.
name: Tserunyan, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For a graph G, consider the pairs of edge-disjoint matchings whose union consists of as many edges as possible. Let H be the largest matching among such pairs. Let M be a maximum matching of G. We show that 5/4 is a tight upper bound for |M|/|H|.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, Submitted to Discrete Mathematics
Saturation of large-scale dynamo in anisotropically forced turbulence
Creators: name: Bhat, Pallavi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Turbulent dynamo theories have faced difficulties in obtaining evolution of large-scale magnetic fields on short dynamical time-scales due to the constraint imposed by magnetic helicity balance. This has critical implications for understanding the large-scale magnetic field evolution in astrophysical systems like the Sun, stars and galaxies. Direct numerical simulations (DNS) in the past with isotropically forced helical turbulence have shown that large-scale dynamo saturation time-scales are dependent on the magnetic Reynolds number (Rm). In this work, we have carried out periodic box DNS of helically forced turbulence leading to a large-scale dynamo with two kinds of forcing function, an isotropic one based on that used in PENCIL-CODE and an anisotropic one based on Galloway-Proctor flows. We show that when the turbulence is forced anisotropically, the nonlinear (saturation) behaviour of the large-scale dynamo is only weakly dependent on Rm. In fact the magnetic helicity evolution on small and large scales in the anisotropic case is distinctly different from that in the isotropic case. This result possibly holds promise for the alleviation of important issues like catastrophic quenching.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures, comments welcome. Published in MNRAS
Spectroscopic signatures of nonequilibrium pairing in atomic Fermi gases
Creators: name: Dzero, M.
name: Yuzbashyan, E. A.
name: Altshuler, B. L.
name: Coleman, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the radio-frequency (RF) spectra for non-stationary states of a fermionic condensate produced by a rapid switch of the scattering length. The RF spectrum of the nonequilibrium state with constant BCS order parameter has two features in contrast to equilibrium where there is a single peak. The additional feature reflects the presence of excited pairs in the steady state. In the state characterized by periodically oscillating order parameter RF-absorption spectrum contains two sequences of peaks spaced by the frequency of oscillations. Satellite peaks appear due to a process where an RF photon in addition to breaking a pair emits/absorbs oscillation quanta.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
title: Tracing Diaspora and Development over Time: UK-based Chileans and their Transnational Engagements with Chile from the 1970s to the Present
Creators: name: Radley, Chantal
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2021

description: The Chilean diaspora in the UK has changed significantly since the 1970s. This research explores the knowledge gap that exists around the UK-based Chilean diaspora and its ongoing relationship to ‘home’ over a period which spans fifty years. From its exile origins to incorporating diverse types of migrants and taking on a considerably different form, this diaspora has evolved in parallel to Chile’s trajectory from a low to high income country. The experience of the Chilean diaspora unsettles the positive discourse around diaspora and development, exposing the assumptions it is based upon and revealing how these concepts can look from a different perspective. Through a temporally driven analysis that brings together different types of migrant in a single field of study, meanings and interpretations of what development can be are investigated from the perspective of the diaspora itself. As a mature diaspora with a firmly historical and political basis, scrutiny over a significant time span reveals the effects of political and social change at ‘home’ on and within the diaspora and their transnational modes of organisation. This historical stance reveals changing dynamics between different cohorts as their relationship to Chile is reshaped over many years. Interactions between diaspora members reveal deep rooted legacies of past political conflict which affect behaviour and practices in the present, permeating the diaspora experience. Development is seen here to be contested, fluid and personal, reflecting people’s migration experiences and life as part of diaspora space where the familiar is often simultaneously alien.
Bioactive Marine Natural Products: Isolation, Structure Elucidation and Synthesis
Creators: name: Perinu, Cristina
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2010

description: Marine sponges are a rich source of bioactive compounds which play an important role as protection against predators, overgrowing space competitors, invading microorganisms, and others. Over the past three decades, several biologically active secondary metabolites have been isolated from marine sponges and used to design and develop new therapeutic agents. The work described in this thesis addresses this research topic: the aim is to identify new chemical structures from marine organisms to be used as leads or scaffolds for the elaboration of new drugs.
In particular, this PhD thesis consists of two main research activities:
- Isolation and structural determination of new bioactive metabolites from marine sponges (Tedania ignis, Pseudaxinella flava and Plakortis simplex);
- Synthesis of an analogue of simplexide, a glycolipid with an important immunoregulatory role.

The results obtained from the chemical and pharmacological characterization of the new bioactive metabolites from marine sponges are here summarized:
1.00

2.00

3.00

The second line of research concerns a project focused on the synthesis of an analogue of simplexide, a glycolipid isolated from the Caribbean sponge Plakortis simplex in the year 1999. The simplexide showed to be a potent stimulus for the production of cytokines and chemokines, with interesting perspectives to be used in cancer and autoimmune diseases. In order to better understand the mechanism of action on immune system, the synthesis of a simpler analogue, having only a sugar in the saccharide chain, was carried out. Several synthetic approaches were applied, focusing on β-glycosilation step. The reactions were performed using conventional and microwave heating. Although the yields need further optimizations, the amount of the analogue of simplexide obtained so far will be tested on human blood monocytes.
Precision Assessment of Tactile On-Machine Inspection for Milling Operations
Creators: name: Krebs, Jonas
name: Mueller, Gregor
name: Rödel, Lars
name: Prochnau, Jan
name: Strutz, Josip Florian
name: Bauernhansl, Thomas
Publisher: name: Hannover : publish-Ing.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: on-machine inspection
subject: quality assessment
subject: tactile measurement
subject: customized products
subject: milling
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: The manufacturing industry faces customer demands for increased product quality and individuality to be economically successful. Established processes on the shop floor cannot overcome resulting challenges. Due to the increased quality requirements, potentially more products must be checked regarding their requirement fulfilment. In addition, customer individuality increases the number and rate of product releases. During product releases, the quality of the product is checked. Coordinate measuring machines are usually used for the quality assessment of milling processes. However, these are only suitable in the area of high quantities per batch due to downtimes of the milling machine while assessing product quality. On-machine inspection systems show particular strengths when a high proportion of the manufactured products have to be inspected and potentially reworked. These systems are criticized for their poor accuracy compared to coordinate measuring machines. This paper demonstrates the accuracy and repeatability of a tactile system in a field test at a tool manufacturer. Based on the test results, the tactile on-machine inspection system is compared with conventional coordinate measuring machines. Finally, the application area and its limits are identified for tactile on-machine inspection systems.
Relativistic coupled-cluster calculation of hyperfine-structure constants of $^{229}$Th$^{3+}$ and evaluation of the electromagnetic nuclear moments of $^{229}$Th
Creators: name: Li, Fei-Chen
name: Qiao, Hao-Xue
name: Tang, Yong-Bo
name: Shi, Ting-Yun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: $^{229}$Th is a promising candidate for developing a nuclear optical clock and searching the new physics beyond the standard model. Accurate knowledge of the nuclear properties of $^{229}$Th is very important. In this work, we calculate hyperfine-structure constants for the first four states of $^{229}$Th$^{3+}$ using the relativistic coupled-cluster method based on the Gauss basis set. The no-pair Dirac-Coulomb-Breit Hamiltonian with the lowest-order quantum electrodynamics (QED) correction is the starting point, together with all linear and non-linear terms of single and double excitations are included in coupled-cluster calculation. With the measured value of the hyperfine-structure constants [Phys. Rev. Lett. 106. 223001(2011)], we get the magnetic dipole moment, $μ=0.359(9)$, and the electric quadrupole moment, $Q=2.95(7)$, of the $^{229}$Th nucleus. Our magnetic dipole moment is perfectly consistent with the recommended values, $μ=0.360(7)$, from the all-order calculation by Safronova \textit{et. al.}[Phys.Rev.A 88, 060501 (2013)], but our electric quadrupole moment is smaller than their recommended value, $Q=3.11(6)$, about 5\%. Our results show that the non-linear terms of single and double excitations, which were not included in the all-order calculation by Safronova \textit{et. al.}, are very crucial to produce a precise $Q$ value of $^{229}$Th. Additionally, we also present magnetic octupole hyperfine-structure constants and some important non-diagonal hyperfine transition matrix elements, which are required for further extracting the magnetic octupole moment $Ω$ of $^{229}$Th nucleus.
Эксклюзивистские национальные самоидентификации или пороховая бочка Центральной Азии
Creators: name: Zhussipbek Galym
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Central Asia
ethnic identities
ethnic tensions
exclusivist identity

description: Корень проблемы в межэтнических отношениях стоит искать в создании (или как минимум в попытках создания) «отчуждающих других» «узких» идентификаций, которые строятся в

противоположность «другому». Схема построения данного типа национальной или коллективной самоидентификации проста. Например, быть «узбеком» означает не быть «таджиком», и наоборот, быть «таджиком» означает не быть «узбеком. Аналогично этому быть «кыргызом» означает не быть «узбеком», или быть «нагыз-казахом» означает не быть «шала-казахом»» и наоборот. Данный процесс усложняется тем, что «другие» могут преподноситься в негативно противоположном свете, начиная от уличений в «культурной примитивности» до их «неавтохтонности», т.е. в том, что они «пришлые», а не истинно коренные жители ЦА. Одним словом, национальные или коллективные идентификации формируются в противопоставлении с «другими», более того в противоположность «другим». При этом зачастую делается «вызов» живущим по соседству «другим».
Design Guidelines For Digital Kanban Systems With High Service Level
Creators: name: Ungern-Sternberg, Roman
name: Merz, Christoph Kilian
Publisher: name: Hannover : publish-Ing.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Kanban
subject: Inventory Management
subject: Production Planning
subject: Deviations
subject: Enterprise Resource Planning
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: One success factor of Kanban is its elegant simplicity for physical inventory control. However, especially in multi-variant productions inventory levels are digitally tracked. To maintain the high service levels of the Kanban systems, the digital representation in the ERP must reliably reflect the physical inventory levels and deviations should be detectable. The design of such a digitally tracked Kanban systems requires a booking logic and a method for deviation detection. Especially in multi-stage systems with several inventory levels, the design of a simple and robust Kanban logic is challenging. Thus, the paper first gives an overview of existing inventory booking strategies. Based on the strategies the effects of inventory deviations on logistical performance in classic Kanban and digitally controlled Kanban systems are discussed. Design guidelines summarize the analysis. Subsequently, three different design alternatives of a classical, digital and high resolution Kanban system are developed. These guidelines and design alternatives should enable practitioners to setup reliable Kanban systems including their digital representation.
title: Waking up Demons: Bad Legislation for an Even Worse Case
Creators: name: Wyrzykowski, Mirosław
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: anti-semitism
subject: Nazi crimes
subject: defamation of a nation
subject: memory laws
subject: memory governance
subject: Institute of National Rememberance

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2020 5(3), 1171-1189
description: I. Introduction. - II. The legislative initiatives of 2006. - III. The 2018 amendments to the Act on the Institute of National Remembrance. - IV. Submitting the 2018 Act to the Constitutional Tribunal. - V. The amendments in practice. - VI. Amending the amendments. - VII. Judgment of the Constitutional Tribunal. - VIII. Conclusions.
description: Recent history knows few cases of national legal regulations which receive such a negative echo as the Polish Act on the Institute of National Remembrance of 14 February 2018 amending the Act on the Institute of National Remembrance. This Act introduces criminal liability for attributing responsibility or co-responsibility for Nazi crimes committed by the Third Reich to the Polish State or Nation. One of the objectives of the Act was to create a mechanism to prevent the use of the term "Polish death camps" to describe Nazi concentration camps. This direct objective is also an element of the Polish authorities' persistent and consistent historical policy to prevent the falsification of Polish history and to protect the good name of the Republic of Poland and the Polish Nation. One of the unusual aspects of the Act was its immediate signing into law by the President of the Republic of Poland who, on the day of its promulgation, submitted a motion to the Constitutional Tribunal to consider its most important regulations as violating the Polish Constitution. However, the Constitutional Tribunal had no chance to consider the President's motion in the part concerning criminal responsibility because the Polish Parliament overturned the most controversial regulations concerning criminal responsibility in June 2018. The legislative process now over, the President's request for control of constitutionality regarding other parts of the Act is currently pending. Meanwhile, the dispute over the essence of Poland's "historical policy" is ongoing.
Resonances of low orders in the planetary system of HD37124
Creators: name: Baluev, Roman V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The full set of published radial velocity data (52 measurements from Keck + 58 ones from ELODIE + 17 ones from CORALIE) for the star HD37124 is analysed. Two families of dynamically stable high-eccentricity orbital solutions for the planetary system are found. In the first one, the outer planets c and d are trapped in the 2/1 mean-motion resonance. The second family of solutions corresponds to the 5/2 mean-motion resonance between these planets. In both families, the planets are locked in (or close to) an apsidal corotation resonance. In the case of the 2/1 MMR, it is an asymmetric apsidal corotation (with the difference between the longitudes of periastra $Δω\sim 60^\circ$), whereas in the case of the 5/2 MMR it is a symmetric antialigned one ($Δω= 180^\circ$). It remains also possible that the two outer planets are not trapped in an orbital resonance. Then their orbital eccentricities should be relatively small (less than, say, 0.15) and the ratio of their orbital periods is unlikely to exceed $2.3-2.5$.
description: 28 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables; Accepted to Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy
MUDANÇAS NA VEGETAÇÃO E AMBIENTE NA AMÉRICA DO SUL DO ÚLTIMO GLACIAL PARA O HOLOCENO DOCUMENTADAS EM MULTIPLOS INDICADORES EM SEDIMENTOS DE CAVERNAS
Creators: name: Novello, Valdir F.
name: Cruz, Francisco W.
name: McGlue, Michael
name: Wong, Corinne I.
name: Ward, Brittany M.
name: Vuille, M.
name: Santos, R. A.
name: Jaqueto, Plinio
name: Pessenda, Luiz C. R.
name: Atorre, Tiago
name: Ribeiro, Ligia M. A. L.
name: Karmann, I.
name: Barreto, E. S.
name: Cheng, H.
name: Edwards, R. Lawrence
name: Paula, Marcos S,
name: Scholz, Denis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: paleovegetação
paleoclima
caverna
sedimentos
geoquímica

description: RESUMO δ18O em espeleotemas tem sido amplamente utilizado para documentar as variações de intensidade da Monção Sul-Americana que ocorreram no passado. Entretanto, o panorama completo envolvendo as mudanças que ocorreram na vegetação e nos ecossistemas da América do Sul, assim como as causas dessas mudanças foram pouco exploradas até agora. Aqui, nos reportamos registros de δ13C e 87Sr/86Sr em estalagmites, juntamente com análises químicas (XRF), δ13Corg e quantidade de carbono orgânico e inorgânico de um perfil sedimentar escavado na mesma caverna onde as estalagmites foram coletadas. Juntamente com os registros de δ18O, essa assembleia de registros paleoclimáticos nos permite documentar e esclarecer as mudanças climáticas e no ambiente que ocorreram na transição do último máximo glacial para o Holoceno. Nós mostramos que a vegetação foi esparsa durante o último glacial apesar da monção ter sido previamente documentada como intensa durante esse período, e que mudanças na concentração do CO2 atmosférico combinado com feedbacks da pluviosidade local e temperatura foram determinantes no desenvolvimento da vegetação durante esse período.
Testing The Limits: A Robustness Analysis Of Logistic Growth Models For Life Cycle Estimation During The COVID-19 Pandemic
Creators: name: Steinmeister, Louis
name: Ramosaj, Burim
name: Schröter, Leo
name: Pauly, Markus
Publisher: name: Hannover : publish-Ing.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Innovation Management
subject: Business Strategy
subject: Technology
subject: Forecasting
subject: S-Curve
subject: Sigmoidal Growth
subject: Robustness
subject: External Shocks
subject: Supply-Chain Disruption
subject: Semiconductor
subject: Trustworthiness
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: The semiconductor industry operates in a dynamic environment characterized by rapid technological advancements, extensive research and development investments, long planning horizons, and cyclical market behavior. Consequently, staying vigilant to technological disruptions and shifting trends is crucial. This is especially challenging when external shocks seriously affect supply chain processes and demand patterns. Particularly, recent events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, the ongoing Russian invasion of Ukraine, and high consumer price inflation impacting the semiconductor cycle emphasize the need to account for these influences. In this context, we analyze growth patterns and life cycles of various technologies within the semiconductor industry by estimating logistic growth models. The logistic growth model was originally formulated to describe population dynamics. However, many processes outside the discipline of ecology share the fundamental characteristics of natural growth: self-proportionality and a self-regulating mechanism. Out of the different applications, two are of particular interest in the context of strategic business decisions: (1) modeling innovation diffusion and technological change to predict the mid- to long-term growth of a market, and (2) modeling of product life cycles. To obtain market growth and life cycle predictions, we apply the logistic growth model to forecast cumulative revenues by technology over time. This model treats the analyzed technology as a closed system. However, in practice, external shocks are the norm. To analyze the robustness to such external shocks, we compare technology life cycle estimates derived from logistic growth models before and after the effects of COVID-19 became evident for a wide array of semiconductor technologies. We find that the impact of COVID-19 on these life cycle estimates is mixed, but the median change is low. Our findings have implications for the application of logistic growth models in strategic decision-making, helping stakeholders navigate the complexities of technological innovation, diffusion, and market growth.
Women's bonds and self-esteem
Creators: name: Sigal, Marilee
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This study explores women's homosocial bonds and their impact on a woman's self-esteem. In addition, the relationships between liberated behaviour and homosocial bonds, and between liberated behaviour and self-esteem, are explored. The research examines societal devaluation of women in terms of its effect on a woman's sense of self. Five measurement instruments were used to test the various constructs measured in this study: Homosocial Bonds were measured by the Bonds Between Women Scale (Woolsey, 1986); social support by the Social Provisions Scale (Russel & Cutrona, 1984); sexist attitudes by the Liberated Behavior Questionnaire (Ghaffaradli-Doty & Carlson, 1979); mastery by the Spheres of Control Scale (Paulhus & Christie, 1981); and self-esteem by the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965). One hundred and twelve unmarried, childless women between the ages of 18-26 made up the sample used in this study. All these women were students at a local city college and volunteered their time to complete the questionnaire packet after an announcement was made by the researcher. The first hypothesis, derived from Rawlings and Carter’s (1977) theory, that women who behave in a more liberated manner would have significantly higher scores on measures of homosocial bonds and social support, was supported. The second hypothesis, derived from Bernard's (1976) theory that women who behave in a more liberated manner would have significantly higher scores on the measures of self-esteem and mastery, was also supported. The third hypothesis, drawn from Bernard's (1976) theory that women with stronger homosocial bonds would have significantly higher scores on measures of self-esteem and mastery, was mostly unsupported. The implications of these findings for counselling and suggestions for further research are discussed.
MATHEMATICS GRADUATE EDUCATION IN THE U.S.: A DETAILED LOOK AT MASTER'S PROGRAMS – PART II
Creators: name: James, Michael Thornton
Publisher: name: AYDEN JOURNAL
Year: 2024
Subjects: Mathematics education, master's degree, doctoral degree, program characteristics, curriculum assessment.

description: In 1902, the American Mathematical Society (AMS) initiated a committee to formulate requirements for candidates pursuing a second degree in mathematics. Their findings, documented in reports from 1911, remarkably resemble the modern master's degree in mathematics. Surprisingly, no comprehensive studies of this degree type have occurred since 1911, despite frequent reports on doctoral and undergraduate mathematics education.

In response to this gap, the authors conducted a nationwide survey in 2013, aiming to revisit the procedures, prerequisites, and practices of contemporary master's degree programs in mathematics. The results are presented in two parts: one examining institution offering solely master's degrees in mathematics and the other, explored in this article, focusing on institutions granting doctoral degrees in mathematics
Novel tools for manipulating the photon orbital angular momentum and their application to classical and quantum optics
Creators: name: Slussarenko, Sergei
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2010

description: In recent times, optical beams with spiraling wave fronts carrying definite value of Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) have found a number of applications in several fields of classical and quantum optics. However, the inherent difficulty in manipulating the OAM of laser beams has prevented since now a wide spread of techniques based on photon OAM. A novel device, invented in 2006 by our group able to generate OAM-carrying beams of defined order, made handling the light OAM so easy as handling the light polarization, giving a renewed boost to the worldwide research on the light OAM. The device, called "q-plate" (QP) is essentially a birefringent liquid crystal cell whose optical axis is locally inhomogeneous in the transverse plane and follows a pattern, defined by the topological charge. When a light beams passes through the QP the topological charge is transferred into the optical phase endowing the beam with a definite value of OAM. The working mechanism of the QP is the conversion of the spin of each photon in the beam into OAM (Spint-to-Orbit Conversion, STOC process). The QP has a large number of advantages compared to other well-known OAM generation techniques, in terms of efficiency, production costs, versatility etc. In this thesis, I studied QP manufacturing procedures, implementing the rapidly-developing photoalignment technique to create QPs with integer and semi-integer values of the topological charge (which is restricted to unit charge in case of standard rubbing technique). I have demonstrated experimentally the possibility to control the QP by external electric field, reaching the SAM-OAM conversion efficiencies higher that 97%. Using the QP I was able to generate arbitrary Hermite-Gaussian as well as Laguerre-Gaussian modes by controlling the polarization of the input light. Such method, together with the available fast electro-optical switching allows a high-speed beam mode control, up to rates of MHz. I have also found a novel way to encode and read two bits of information in the 4D OAM space by using only one QP and I have introduced a novel interferometric setup, that by itself and together with the QP can perform a wide range of quantum logic operations in the spinorbit space of single photon. Finally, in the field of quantum optics using QP, a new type of SAM-OAM entanglement, called "hybrid" was demonstrated and tested by violation of Bell's inequalities and an adjustable quantum gate, based on  QP technology, called Universal Unitary Gate, was proposed that can perform arbitrary operation in the photon spinorbit space.
Triplet spin resonance of the Haldane compound with interchain coupling
Creators: name: Smirnov, A. I.
name: Glazkov, V. N.
name: Kashiwagi, T.
name: Kimura, S.
name: Hagiwara, M.
name: Kindo, K.
name: Shapiro, A. Ya.
name: Demianets, L. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin resonance absorption of the triplet excitations is studied experimentally in the Haldane magnet PbNi2V2O8. The spectrum has features of spin S=1 resonance in a crystal field, with all three components, corresponding to transitions between spin sublevels, being observable. The resonance field is temperature dependent, indicating the renormalization of excitation spectrum in interaction between the triplets. Magnetic resonance frequencies and critical fields of the magnetization curve are consistent with a boson version of the macroscopic field theory [Affleck 1992, Farutin & Marchenko 2007], implying the field induced ordering at the critical field, while contradict the previously used approach of noninteracting spin chains.
description: 7 pages, 9 figures
Additional file 8: of Consensus map integration and QTL meta-analysis narrowed a locus for yield traits to 0.7â cM and refined a region for late leaf spot resistance traits to 0.38â cM on linkage group A05 in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Creators: name: Lu, Qing
name: Liu, Hao
name: Hong, Yanbin
name: Li, Haifen
name: Liu, Haiyan
name: Li, Xingyu
name: Wen, Shijie
name: Zhou, Guiyuan
name: Li, Shaoxiong
name: Chen, Xiaoping
name: Liang, Xuanqiang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Figure S3. Enrichment analysis of gene ontology terms for the candidate genes for yield and late leaf spot. (DOCX 174â kb)
Power-law corrections to entanglement entropy of horizons
Creators: name: Das, Saurya
name: Shankaranarayanan, S.
name: Sur, Sourav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We re-examine the idea that the origin of black-hole entropy may lie in the entanglement of quantum fields between inside and outside of the horizon. Motivated by the observation that certain modes of gravitational fluctuations in a black-hole background behave as scalar fields, we compute the entanglement entropy of such a field, by tracing over its degrees of freedom inside a sphere. We show that while this entropy is proportional to the area of the sphere when the field is in its ground state, a correction term proportional to a fractional power of area results when the field is in a superposition of ground and excited states. The area law is thus recovered for large areas. Further, we identify location of the degrees of freedom that give rise to the above entropy.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Scale Invariance, Horizons, and Inflation
Creators: name: Maeder, Andre
name: Gueorguiev, Vesselin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Maxwell equations and the equations of General Relativity are scale invariant in empty space. The presence of charge or currents in electromagnetism or the presence of matter in cosmology are preventing scale invariance. The question arises on how much matter within the horizon is necessary to kill scale invariance. The scale invariant field equation, first written by Dirac in 1973 and then revisited by Canuto et al. in 1977, provides the starting point to address this question. The resulting cosmological models show that, as soon as matter is present, the effects of scale invariance rapidly decline from ρ=0 to ρ_c and are forbidden for densities above ρ_c. The absence of scale invariance in this case is consistent with considerations about causal connection. Below ρ_c, scale invariance appears as an open possibility, which also depends on the occurrence of inflation in the scale invariant context. In the present approach, we identify the scalar field of the empty space in the Scale Invariant Vacuum (SIV) context to the scalar field ϕin the energy density expression of the vacuum at inflation. This leads to some constraints on the potential. This identification also solves the so-called ``cosmological constant problem''. In the framework of scale invariance,an inflation with a large number of e-foldings is also predicted. We conclude that scale invariance for models with densities below ρ_c is an open possibility; the final answer may come from high redshift observations, where differences from the LCDM models appear.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure
Assessing Risk Mitigation Preference Effect on Supplier Commitment and Procurement Performance in the Public Health Industry in South-Africa
Creators: name: Omoruyi, Osayuwamen
name: Quayson, Matthew
Publisher: name: Hannover : publish-Ing.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: risk sharing
subject: risk shifting
subject: supplier commitment
subject: procurement performance
subject: public health industry
subject: preference effect
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: The lack of a well-stated risk mitigation strategy has caused several challenges within the South African Public Health sector. Additionally, setting a risk mitigation strategy around mitigation preferences can be challenging for procurement personnel. As such, risk mitigation penalty clauses in the case of failure of the selected supplier are not agreed upon from the onset of the contract agreement. This research proposes risk-sharing versus risk-shifting contracts as risk mitigation/reduction strategies within the supplier relationship of the public health sector. We evaluate the effect of risk shifting and sharing mitigation preference on supplier commitment and supplier performance in the public health industry in South Africa using structural equation modelling. The results show that there is a significant relationship between supplier selection and risk sharing, risk sharing and supplier commitment, risk shifting and supplier commitment, and risk sharing and procurement performance. However, there was no significant relationship between supplier selection and risk shifting and risk shifting and procurement performance. These results imply that to build a win-win supply chain, public health sector procurement managers should balance risk sharing and shifting mitigation strategy in procurement instances where appropriate to improve on a higher level of procurement performance.
High Resolution Imaging of a Black Hole Shadow with Millimetron Orbit around Lagrange Point L2
Creators: name: Likhachev, S. F.
name: Rudnitskiy, A. G.
name: Shchurov, M. A.
name: Andrianov, A. S.
name: Baryshev, A. M.
name: Chernov, S. V.
name: Kostenko, V. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Imaging of the shadow around supermassive black hole (SMBH) horizon with a very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) is recognized recently as a powerful tool for experimental testing of Einstein's General relativity. The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) has demonstrated that an Earth-extended VLBI with the maximum long base ($D=10,700$ km) can provide a sufficient angular resolution $θ\sim 20~μ$as at $λ=1.3$ mm ($ν=230$ GHz) for imaging the shadow around SMBH located in the galaxy M87$^\ast$. However, the accuracy of critically important characteristics, such as the asymmetry of the crescent-shaped bright structure around the shadow and the sharpness of a transition zone between the shadow floor and the bright crescent silhouette, both of order $Δθ\sim 4~μ$as, is still to be improved. In our previous paper we have shown that Space-Earth VLBI observation within a joint Millimetron and EHT configuration at the near-Earth high elliptical orbit (HEO) can considerably improve the image quality. Even more solid grounds for firm experimental validation of General relativity can be obtained with a higher resolution available within the joint Millimetron and EHT program at the Lagrangian point L2 in the Sun-Earth system with an expected imaging resolution at 230~GHz of $Δθ\sim 5~μ$as. In this paper we argue that in spite of limitations of L2 orbit, an adequate sparse $(u,v)$ coverage can be achieved and the imaging of the shadows around Sgr A$^\ast$ and M87$^\ast$ can be performed with a reasonable quality.
description: 16 pages, 13 figures, 10 tables
A Framework For The Domain-Driven Utilization Of Manufacturing Sensor Data In Process Mining: An Action Design Approach
Creators: name: Brock, Jonathan
name: Rempe, Niclas
name: Von Enzberg, Sebastian
name: Kühn, Arno
name: Dumitrescu, Roman
Publisher: name: Hannover : publish-Ing.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Process Mining
subject: Manufacturing
subject: Sensor Data
subject: Framework
subject: Real-World
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Manufacturers install and rely on a large number of sensors to operate and control their processes. However, the collected sensor data is rarely used to analyse and improve the higher-level, aggregated business processes. Process mining (PM) appears to be a promising solution, with the ability to automatically generate and analyse business process models based on data. However, the atomic events of sensor measurements need to be refined, aggregated, and enriched to properly represent a business process. In this paper, we propose a novel framework to make manufacturing sensor data analysable with PM. The framework allows manufacturers with batch and continuous processes (BCP) to systematically enrich their sensor data to use it for optimization purposes. Following the action design research, we demonstrate the applicability of the framework in a use case study using sensor data from a BCP beverage production.
Proposing a Solution for a Self-Managed Data-Ecosystem in Production: Use-Case-Driven IT-OT-Integration with an Event-Driven IT-Architecture
Creators: name: Kremer, Sebastian
name: Mennerich, Christian
name: Stroh, Max-Ferdinand
name: Schuh, Günther
Publisher: name: Hannover : publish-Ing.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: event-driven it-architecture
subject: it-ot-integration
subject: data-ecosystem
subject: self-managed
subject: industry 4.0
subject: digital sovereignty
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: With the development of publicly accessible broker systems within the last decade, the complexity of data-driven ecosystems is expected to become manageable for self-managed digitalisation. Having identified event-driven IT-architectures as a suitable solution for the architectural requirements of Industry 4.0, the producing industry is now offered a relevant alternative to prominent third-party ecosystems. Although the technical components are readily available, the realisation of an event-driven IT-architecture in production is often hindered by a lack of reference projects, and hence uncertainty about its success and risks. The research institute FIR and IT-expert synyx are thus developing an event-driven IT-architecture in the Center Smart Logistics' producing factory, which is designed to be a multi-agent testbed for members of the cluster. With the experience gained in industrial projects, a target IT-architecture was conceptualised that proposes a solution for a self-managed data-ecosystem based on open-source technologies. With the iterative integration of factory-relevant Industry 4.0 use cases, the target is continuously realised and validated. The paper presents the developed solution for a self-managed event-driven IT-architecture and presents the implications of the decisions made. Furthermore, the progress of two use cases, namely an IT-OT-integration and a smart product demonstrator for the research project BlueSAM, are presented to highlight the iterative technical implementability and merits, enabled by the architecture.