cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Responsible Disclosure of Generative Models Using Scalable Fingerprinting
Creators: name: Yu, Ning
name: Skripniuk, Vladislav
name: Chen, Dingfan
name: Davis, Larry S.
name: Fritz, Mario
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: Over the past seven years, deep generative models have achieved a qualitatively new level of performance. Generated data has become difficult, if not impossible, to be distinguished from real data. While there are plenty of use cases that benefit from this technology, there are also strong concerns on how this new technology can be misused to spoof sensors, generate deep fakes, and enable misinformation at scale. Unfortunately, current deep fake detection methods are not sustainable, as the gap between real and fake continues to close. In contrast, our work enables a responsible disclosure of such state-of-the-art generative models, that allows model inventors to fingerprint their models, so that the generated samples containing a fingerprint can be accurately detected and attributed to a source. Our technique achieves this by an efficient and scalable ad-hoc generation of a large population of models with distinct fingerprints. Our recommended operation point uses a 128-bit fingerprint which in principle results in more than 10^36 identifiable models. Experiments show that our method fulfills key properties of a fingerprinting mechanism and achieves effectiveness in deep fake detection and attribution.
Quantification of Learning in Anatomy Using Electroencephalography: A Neuroeducational Approach
Creators: name: Anderson, Sarah Jayne
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Electroencephalography (EEG)
subject: Neuroeducation
subject: Anatomy Education
subject: Reinforcement Learning
subject: stereopsis
subject: Event Related Potentials
subject: two dimensional
subject: three dimensional
subject: N250
subject: Reward Positivity
subject: Education
subject: Educational Psychology
subject: Education--Sciences
subject: Anatomy
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Health Sciences

description: Technological advances enabling presentation of content stereoscopically provide a new forum for instructional design in anatomy education that instructors are keen to explore. Thus far, studies comparing the effectiveness of learning from two-dimensional (2D) versus three-dimensional (3D) visualizations demonstrate poor generalizability and are limited by reliance on behavioural evidence alone. Successful learning is, in essence, the result of changes in brain activity related to the proper storage and retrieval of information. Neuroeducational research offers the capacity to directly explore a learner’s cognitive processing without interfering with actual cognitive processing itself and can serve as an alternative measure for testing the efficacy of different teaching methods. The aim of this research was to quantify and explore behavioural and neural correlates measured by electroencephalography (EEG) as students recognize and learn from 2D and 3D representations in anatomy. To accomplish this aim, phases of this research entailed: designing and testing reinforcement-based learning activities specifically tailored for use in a neuroeducation research paradigm; demonstrating the utility of measuring amplitude changes of event-related potential components (ERPs) measured by EEG as quantitative dependent variables of learning, retention, and transfer of knowledge; and finally, comparing neural activity of subjects learning from anatomical representations with and without stereopsis. Specifically, this work examined changes in amplitude of the N250 (a measure of visual perceptual expertise) and reward positivity (sensitive to externally provided positive feedback) ERPs. This research shows that (1) changes in neural signals indicate progression in stages of learning, (2) learning with stereoscopic models is advantageous, and (3) that a reinforcement-learning paradigm is a successful approach to teach foundational knowledge in anatomy. This research provides a foundation upon which to build a program of neuroeducational research targeted specifically at health professionals in a real-world teaching and learning environment. Importantly, this work is some of the first to provide evidence that explicitly links behavioural and neuroscientific theories of learning in an applied educational context. Further, this work demonstrates where there are synergies across these theories but also highlight the potential pitfalls of sole reliance on behavioural data alone to inform our understanding of learning.
Supplementary document for Label-free neural networks-based inverse lithography technology - 6137158.pdf
Creators: name: chen, jing
name: Zhao, Yuan-Yuan
name: Zhang, Yang
name: Zhu, Jianxin
name: duan, xuan-ming
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2022
Subjects: Classical and Physical Optics

description: Supplemental Document
title: An der Schnittstelle von Wissenschaft und Politik: ADLAF, FES und Lateinamerika
Creators: name: Blanke, Svenja
Publisher: name: Iberoamericana/Vervuert
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 300

description: Bibliotheca Ibero-Americana, vol. 17250 Jahre Arbeitsgemeinschaft Deutsche Lateinamerikaforschung ADLAF, p. 203
Professional development of four grade 10 biology teachers in Singapore : the learning study approach
Creators: name: Tan, Yuen Sze Michelle
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Despite the importance of genetics as a school curriculum topic and its increasing application in everyday life, and despite challenges teachers face teaching genetics, a repertoire of pedagogical strategies that draws upon selected theories of learning may not always be readily available for teachers. In the context of Singapore, this is exacerbated by potential unfamiliarity with the newly implemented genetics curriculum, and how there also appears to be a lack of appropriate teacher professional development programs. What is noteworthy is that these challenges are similarly shared by teachers elsewhere. A study was framed to investigate how teacher collaboration could be utilized to alleviate, if not overcome, these challenges. Through a learning study framework, four collaborating Grade 10 biology teachers employed the theory of variation to manage and overcome the challenges of teaching the new genetics curriculum in Singapore. A learning study amalgamates teacher collaboration, teacher reflection, teachers researching into their classrooms and the employment of a theoretical framework. This study seeks to answer the research question “How does Singaporean teachers’ participation in a theory of variation-framed learning study affect their learning about their own pedagogy?” The thesis reports a phenomenographic analysis of the different ways the teachers experienced learning during collaborative endeavors, revealing the complex nature of teacher learning – complex ways of curriculum interpretation, lesson planning and implementation, and evaluation of teaching practices. The impact of the learning study on teachers’ pedagogies and professional development was also elucidated. Consequently, the experience of increased clarity and coherence in terms of curriculum interpretation, demonstration of ownership and authentic lesson planning manifested during the enactment of theory-guided lessons. The experience of collaborative inquiry into teachers’ own teaching practices also led to the generation of new insights on teaching, as well as shifts in their beliefs about teaching and learning. The results support (1) the use of learning study as a professional development approach to enhance students’ learning and to encourage teachers to develop their own curriculum; (2) the use of theory of variation as a framework to organize, implement and analyze teacher learning.
The X-Ray Variability of a Large, Serendipitous Sample of Spectroscopic Quasars
Creators: name: Gibson, Robert R.
name: Brandt, W. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the X-ray variability of 264 Sloan Digital Sky Survey spectroscopic quasars using the Chandra public archive. This data set consists of quasars with spectroscopic redshifts out to z~5 and covers rest-frame time scales up to Delta t_sys 2000 d, with 3 or more X-ray observations available for 82 quasars. It therefore samples longer time scales and higher luminosities than previous large-scale analyses of AGN variablity. We find significant (>3 sigma) variation in ~30% of the quasars overall; the fraction of sources with detected variability increases strongly with the number of available source counts up to ~70% for sources with >1000 counts per epoch. Assuming the distribution of fractional variation is Gaussian, its standard deviation is ~16% on >1 week time scales, which is not enough to explain the observed scatter in quasar X-ray-to-optical flux ratios as due to variability alone. We find no evidence in our sample that quasars are more variable at higher redshifts (z > 2), as has been suggested in previous studies. Quasar X-ray spectra vary similarly to some local Seyfert AGN in that they steepen as they brighten, with evidence for a constant, hard spectral component that is more prominent in fainter stages. We identify one highly-variable Narrow Line Seyfert 1-type spectroscopic quasar in the Chandra Deep Field-North. We constrain the rate of kilosecond-timescale flares in the quasar population using ~8 months of total exposure and also constrain the distribution of variation amplitudes between exposures; extreme changes (>100%) are quite rare, while variation at the 25% level occurs in <25% of observations. [OIII] 5007A emission may be stronger in sources with lower levels of X-ray variability; if confirmed, this would represent an additional link between small-scale (corona) and large-scale (narrow line region) AGN properties.
description: Submitted to ApJ
Open-Domain, Content-Based, Multi-Modal Fact-Checking of Out-of-Context Images via Online Resources
Creators: name: Abdelnabi, Sahar
name: Hasan, Rakibul
name: Fritz, Mario
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: Misinformation is now a major problem due to its potential high risks to our core democratic and societal values and orders. Out-of-context misinformation is one of the easiest and effective ways used by adversaries to spread viral false stories. In this threat, a real image is re-purposed to support other narratives by misrepresenting its context and/or elements. The internet is being used as the go-to way to verify information using different sources and modalities. Our goal is an inspectable method that automates this time-consuming and reasoning-intensive process by fact-checking the image-caption pairing using Web evidence. To integrate evidence and cues from both modalities, we introduce the concept of 'multi-modal cycle-consistency check'; starting from the image/caption, we gather textual/visual evidence, which will be compared against the other paired caption/image, respectively. Moreover, we propose a novel architecture, Consistency-Checking Network (CCN), that mimics the layered human reasoning across the same and different modalities: the caption vs. textual evidence, the image vs. visual evidence, and the image vs. caption. Our work offers the first step and benchmark for open-domain, content-based, multi-modal fact-checking, and significantly outperforms previous baselines that did not leverage external evidence.
A grounded theory qualitative analysis of postgraduate medical resident attitudes towards learning and training in the psychiatric emergency services
Creators: name: McIlwrick, Joann
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2007

description: Bibliography: p. 135-140
description: Objectives: The objective of this study was to generate hypotheses about 1) influences on psychiatry resident attitudes towards training in psychiatric emergency services (PES) and 2) barriers to resident education in the PES, with some discussion as to how to overcome these obstacles. Methods: In this grounded theory qualitative study, data were collected from focus group meetings of psychiatry residents enrolled in postgraduate training at the University Of Calgary. Data analysis was performed according to grounded theory methodology. Results: Residents described educational and environmental factors in the context of professional relationships in the multidisciplinary PES. Conclusions: Opportunities to practice CanMEDS psychiatrist roles are influenced by resident relationships with the PES team. Residents will employ either of two coping mechanisms (altruism or devaluation) in an attempt to negotiate the stressors associated with training in the PES. Implications of coping styles on education and attitudes towards the PES are discussed.
Chemical Characterization of Humic and Fulvic Acid Analogs Obtained from Wet Air Oxidation (WAO) at Different Severities
Creators: name: Ahmed, Farouq
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Asphaltenes
subject: oxy-cracking
subject: Wet Air Oxidation
subject: Engineering--Agricultural
subject: Engineering--Chemical
subject: Engineering--Petroleum

description: Due to depletion of conventional oil resources and the increasing energy demand, the role of heavy oils is significantly increasing. The heaviest portions of heavy oils are asphaltenes, which create tremendous problems in transportation and upgrading processes. Removal of asphaltenes from heavy oil improves the quality of oil and makes it easier to process. The oil industry is challenged to explore new alternatives that allow converting asphaltenes into valuable products by economical feasible routes. Wet Air Oxidation (WAO) is one proposed alternative, being herein examined together with fundamental aspects on hydrocarbon oxidation for its proper framing. The solubilization of asphaltenes in water has recently received attention due to the ease of mobilization and high level of dispersion. The WAO of asphaltenes rapidly produces both water-soluble and water insoluble oxygen rich species. The intermediate product of asphaltenes oxy-cracking reaction is Water Soluble Asphaltenes (WSA), and the final product is CO2. At low severities WSA had characteristics similar to humic analogs whereas at high severities, products aromaticity increased and lower molecular weight components (fulvic analogs) were formed. Processed asphaltenes were found to have oxygen functionalties like carboxylic acids and their salts, ketones, sulphoxides and sulphones, responsible for their aqueous solubilization. The effect of pH (base) on oxidation of asphaltene was determined using different experimental conditions. It was found that the concentration of chemical base used as acidic corrosion prevention and as catalysts are the most influential parameter for the solubilization of asphaltene, to achieve high conversion at low temperature. The humic/fulvic acids field of knowledge was identified as key for proper understanding of HC oxidation and other feasible industrial applications, like in agriculture.
Individual differences and psychosis-risk screening: Practical suggestions to improve the scope and quality of early identification
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2019
Subjects: individual differences
idiographic
clinical high risk
ultra high risk
prodromal psychosis
early identification
early intervention

description: Copyright © 2019 Schiffman, Ellman and Mittal. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. Approaches to identifying individuals at clinical high-risk (CHR) for psychosis currently do not carefully weigh considerations around individual differences. Effective identification depends on awareness of factors beyond psychopathology as it is reflected in the current literature, such as sensitivity to idiographic circumstances and individual differences. The inability to address contextual factors when employing the status quo method of identification likely contributes to the unacceptably poor accuracy when identifying people at CHR. Individual differences related to factors such as culture, race, comorbidity, and development likely play an important role in accurate identification, and have the potential to improve the validity of approaches intended to identify this population. Tailored approaches to assessment based on an awareness of context, identity, setting, and preferences of clients are possible, and customizing assessment efforts accordingly may be useful for accurate identification of people at CHR. Highlighting the potential for the existing early identification paradigm to marginalize or misunderstand certain groups, we describe how effective identification and ethical diagnosis require sensitivity to individual differences writ large. We suggest that recognizing the importance of these factors advances a more inclusive and accurate approach to identification.
Brane Tilings and Reflexive Polygons
Creators: name: Hanany, Amihay
name: Seong, Rak-Kyeong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reflexive polygons have attracted great interest both in mathematics and in physics. This paper discusses a new aspect of the existing study in the context of quiver gauge theories. These theories are 4d supersymmetric worldvolume theories of D3 branes with toric Calabi-Yau moduli spaces that are conveniently described with brane tilings. We find all 30 theories corresponding to the 16 reflexive polygons, some of the theories being toric (Seiberg) dual to each other. The mesonic generators of the moduli spaces are identified through the Hilbert series. It is shown that the lattice of generators is the dual reflexive polygon of the toric diagram. Thus, the duality forms pairs of quiver gauge theories with the lattice of generators being the toric diagram of the dual and vice versa.
description: 142 pages, 50 figures, 61 tables; version to be published in Fortschritte der Physik
Graft-versus-host disease–free antitumoral signature after allogeneic donor lymphocyte injection identified by proteomics and systems biology
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2019

description: Copyright © 2019 American Society of Clinical Oncology. All rights reserved. PURPOSE As a tumor immunotherapy, allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation with subsequent donor lymphocyte injection (DLI) aims to induce the graft-versus-tumor (GVT) effect but often also leads to acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Plasma tests that can predict the likelihood of GVT without GVHD are still needed. PATIENTS AND METHODS We first used an intact-protein analysis system to profile the plasma proteome post-DLI of patients who experienced GVT and acute GVHD for comparison with the proteome of patients who experienced GVT without GVHD in a training set. Our novel six-step systems biology analysis involved removing common proteins and GVHD-specific proteins, creating a protein-protein interaction network, calculating relevance and penalty scores, and visualizing candidate biomarkers in gene networks. We then performed a second proteomics experiment in a validation set of patients who experienced GVT without acute GVHD after DLI for comparison with the proteome of patients before DLI. We next combined the two experiments to define a biologically relevant signature of GVT without GVHD. An independent experiment with single-cell profiling in tumor antigen–activated T cells from a patient with post–hematopoietic cell transplantation relapse was performed. RESULTS The approach provided a list of 46 proteins in the training set, and 30 proteins in the validation set were associated with GVT without GVHD. The combination of the two experiments defined a unique 61-protein signature of GVT without GVHD. Finally, the single-cell profiling in activated T cells found 43 of the 61 genes. Novel markers, such as RPL23, ILF2, CD58, and CRTAM, were identified and could be extended to other antitumoral responses. CONCLUSION Our multiomic analysis provides, to our knowledge, the first human plasma signature for GVT without GVHD. Risk stratification on the basis of this signature would allow for customized treatment plans.
Practical Challenges in Differentially-Private Federated Survival Analysis of Medical Data
Creators: name: Rahimian, Shadi
name: Kerkouche, Raouf
name: Kurth, Ina
name: Fritz, Mario
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: Survival analysis or time-to-event analysis aims to model and predict the time it takes for an event of interest to happen in a population or an individual. In the medical context this event might be the time of dying, metastasis, recurrence of cancer, etc. Recently, the use of neural networks that are specifically designed for survival analysis has become more popular and an attractive alternative to more traditional methods. In this paper, we take advantage of the inherent properties of neural networks to federate the process of training of these models. This is crucial in the medical domain since data is scarce and collaboration of multiple health centers is essential to make a conclusive decision about the properties of a treatment or a disease. To ensure the privacy of the datasets, it is common to utilize differential privacy on top of federated learning. Differential privacy acts by introducing random noise to different stages of training, thus making it harder for an adversary to extract details about the data. However, in the realistic setting of small medical datasets and only a few data centers, this noise makes it harder for the models to converge. To address this problem, we propose DPFed-post which adds a post-processing stage to the private federated learning scheme. This extra step helps to regulate the magnitude of the noisy average parameter update and easier convergence of the model. For our experiments, we choose 3 real-world datasets in the realistic setting when each health center has only a few hundred records, and we show that DPFed-post successfully increases the performance of the models by an average of up to 17% compared to the standard differentially private federated learning scheme.
A Study of the Interplay between New Graduate Life Experience, Context, and the Experience of Stress in the Workplace: Exploring Factors towards Self-Actualizing as a Novice Nurse
Creators: name: Dames, Shannon Suzanne
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Novice nurses
subject: new graduate nurses
subject: thriving
subject: interplay
subject: self-actualization
subject: transition support
subject: burnout
subject: resilience
subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Prolonged levels of stress and feelings of insecurity in new graduate registered nurse work environments are an expected part of the transition experience, yet we continue to see high rates of emotional exhaustion leading to burnout. There is a significant amount of literature on the sources of new graduate stress. However, research is lacking regarding what makes one nurse more vulnerable than another within similar work environments. This qualitative study explored the interplay of life experiences that enable and disable eight new graduate nurses from engaging in the process of self-actualization or thriving. Three prominent themes emerged as significant factors that influence the new graduates’ ability to engage in self-actualization. Developmental factors were significant in the capacity to manage workplace stressors and included congruence from their childhood experience or time in their young adult life where they engaged in relationships that provided unconditional positive regard, the habitual practice of self-compassion, and the ability to resolve areas of moral and ethical dissonance. Biological factors also buffered the experience of stress in the field, which included age and having a personality suited to their nursing role. Finally, contextual factors included having a trusted mentor at work, feelings of meaning and purpose within another life role, threats of emotional and physical violence in the workplace, workloads that took novice inefficiencies into account, limiting redeployment, and work schedules that allowed for adequate rest between sets. These insights inform nursing curriculum and transition programs by deepening the understanding of the interplay between previous and current contexts and the experience of stressors that are endemic in the workplace.
Getting everyone onboard: Framing collective goal progress broadens participation in collective marketing campaigns
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2019
Subjects: goal pursuit
interpersonal processes
social influence
fundraising
environmental decision making
political consumption

description: © 2019 Kim and Reeck. Collective marketing campaigns may feature goals that are not shared equally by all customers, such as a fundraiser for an environmental cause. For such campaigns, how can marketers encourage broad participation? The present research demonstrates that the framing of collective progress in such campaigns can broaden participation by highlighting the “large area” of progress toward the goal, emphasizing progress achieved for campaigns in their late stages and progress remaining in their early stages. We tested this large area hypothesis in the context of a waste reduction drive, examining the reactions of Democrats and Republicans who might be more or less inclined to support the drive respectively. Study 1 examined these processes when the drive was nearing completion, finding that an accumulating frame (focusing on progress achieved) increased motivation to participate for Republicans to levels comparable with Democrats. Study 2 evaluated these processes at earlier stages in the drive’s progress. In these circumstances, a remaining frame (focusing on contributions still needed) increased motivation to participate among Republicans to a similar level as Democrats. These findings indicate framings that highlight the large area in collective progress broaden participation in collective marketing campaigns, suggesting that marketers should highlight remaining contributions needed early on and accumulated contributions received later in collective marketing campaigns.
Study of infrared scintillations in gaseous and liquid argon - Part II: light yield and possible applications
Creators: name: Bondar, A.
name: Buzulutskov, A.
name: Dolgov, A.
name: Grebenuk, A.
name: Peleganchuk, S.
name: Porosev, V.
name: Shekhtman, L.
name: Shemyakina, E.
name: Sokolov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present here a comprehensive study of the light yield of primary and secondary scintillations produced in gaseous and liquid Ar in the near infrared (NIR) and visible region, at cryogenic temperatures. The measurements were performed using Geiger-mode avalanche photodiodes (GAPDs) and pulsed X-ray irradiation. The primary scintillation yield of the fast emission component in gaseous Ar was found to be independent of temperature in the range of 87-160 K; it amounted to 17000+/-3000 photon/MeV in the NIR in the range of 690-1000 nm. In liquid Ar at 87 K, the primary scintillation yield of the fast component was considerably reduced, amounting to 510+/-90 photon/MeV, in the range of 400-1000 nm. Proportional NIR scintillations (electroluminescence) in gaseous Ar were also observed; their amplification parameter at 160 K was measured to be 13 photons per drifting electron per kV. No proportional scintillations were observed in liquid Ar up to the electric fields of 30 kV/cm. The applications of NIR scintillations in dark matter search and coherent neutrino-nucleus scattering experiments and in ion beam radiotherapy are considered.
description: 20 pages, 11 figures. Submitted to JINST
Encoding biological recognition in a bicomponent cell-membrane mimic
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Janus glycodendrimers
lipid rafts
nanosegregation
atomic force microscopy
galectin

description: © 2019 National Academy of Sciences. All Rights Reserved. Self-assembling dendrimers have facilitated the discovery of periodic and quasiperiodic arrays of supramolecular architectures and the diverse functions derived from them. Examples are liquid quasicrystals and their approximants plus helical columns and spheres, including some that disregard chirality. The same periodic and quasiperiodic arrays were subsequently found in block copolymers, surfactants, lipids, glycolipids, and other complex molecules. Here we report the discovery of lamellar and hexagonal periodic arrays on the surface of vesicles generated from sequence-defined bicomponent monodisperse oligomers containing lipid and glycolipid mimics. These vesicles, known as glycodendrimersomes, act as cell-membrane mimics with hierarchical morphologies resembling bicomponent rafts. These nanosegregated morphologies diminish sugar–sugar interactions enabling stronger binding to sugar-binding proteins than densely packed arrangements of sugars. Importantly, this provides a mechanism to encode the reactivity of sugars via their interaction with sugar-binding proteins. The observed sugar phase-separated hierarchical arrays with lamellar and hexagonal morphologies that encode biological recognition are among the most complex architectures yet discovered in soft matter. The enhanced reactivity of the sugar displays likely has applications in material science and nanomedicine, with potential to evolve into related technologies.
Effect of deinstitutionalisation for adults with intellectual disabilities on costs: A systematic review
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Economics
intellectual disabilities
deinstitutionalisation

description: © 2019 Author(s). Objective To review systematically the evidence on the costs and cost-effectiveness of deinstitutionalisation for adults with intellectual disabilities. Design Systematic review. Population Adults (aged 18 years and over) with intellectual disabilities. Intervention Deinstitutionalisation, that is, the move from institutional to community settings. Primary and secondary outcome measures Studies were eligible if evaluating within any cost-consequence framework (eg, cost-effectiveness analysis, cost-utility analysis) or resource use typically considered to fall within the societal viewpoint (eg, cost to payers, service-users, families and informal care costs). Search We searched MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CENTRAL, CINAHL, EconLit, Embase and Scopus to September 2017 and supplemented this with grey literature searches and handsearching of the references of the eligible studies. We assessed study quality using the Critical Appraisals Skills Programme suite of tools, excluding those judged to be of poor methodological quality. Results Two studies were included; both were cohort studies from the payer perspective of people leaving long-stay National Health Service hospitals in the UK between 1984 and 1992. One study found that deinstitutionalisation reduced costs, one study found an increase in costs. Conclusion A wide-ranging literature review found limited evidence on costs associated with deinstitutionalisation for people with intellectual disabilities. From two studies included in the review, the results were conflicting. Significant gaps in the evidence base were observable, particularly with respect to priority populations in contemporary policy: older people with intellectual disabilities and serious medical illness, and younger people with very complex needs and challenging behaviours. PROSPERO registration number CRD42018077406
Intricacies of Globality: The P.E.N. Club’s International Congresses 1923–1941
Creators: name: Becker, Jan
Publisher: name: Comparativ
Year: 2021

description: The P.E.N. (Poets, Essayists, Novelists) Club was founded in 1921 to establish a literary network on a global scale. The interwar years, however, have been a debated period in regard to their global integration, and the P.E.N. Club has been portrayed as falling short of its ideal of globality. In analysing the association’s annual international congresses between 1923 and 1941, this paper proposes the factors of venue and representation to be most expedient in analyses of international institutions’ globality. I argue that the P.E.N. Club succeeded in overcoming economic and ideological backlashes to its globalising mission in the 1930s. Solely times of war proved to pose insurmountable hurdles to the interconnectedness of international cultural associations like the P.E.N. Club.
description: Comparativ, Vol. 31 No. 2 (2021): Cultural Policy and Culture in Transformation: Central and Eastern Europe since 1989
Nyx-Net: Network Fuzzing with Incremental Snapshots
Creators: name: Schumilo, Sergej
name: Aschermann, Cornelius
name: Jemmett, Andrea
name: Abbasi, Ali
name: Holz, Thorsten
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: Coverage-guided fuzz testing (“fuzzing”) has become main- stream and we have observed lots of progress in this research area recently. However, it is still challenging to efficiently test network services with existing coverage-guided fuzzing methods. In this paper, we introduce the design and implementation of Nyx-Net, a novel snapshot-based fuzzing approach that can successfully fuzz a wide range of targets spanning servers, clients, games, and even Firefox’s Inter- Process Communication (IPC) interface. Compared to state- of-the-art methods, Nyx-Net improves test throughput by up to 300x and coverage found by up to 70%. Additionally, Nyx-Net is able to find crashes in two of ProFuzzBench’s targets that no other fuzzer found previously. When using Nyx-Net to play the game Super Mario, Nyx-Net shows speedups of 10-30x compared to existing work. Moreover, Nyx-Net is able to find previously unknown bugs in servers such as Lighttpd, clients such as MySQL client, and even Firefox’s IPC mechanism—demonstrating the strength and versatility of the proposed approach. Lastly, our prototype implementation was awarded a $20.000 bug bounty for enabling fuzzing on previously unfuzzable code in Firefox and solving a long-standing problem at Mozilla.
title: Mitglieder und Mitgliederentwicklung der ADLAF
Creators: name: Nicklisch, Andrea
Publisher: name: Iberoamericana/Vervuert
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 300

description: Bibliotheca Ibero-Americana, vol. 17250 Jahre Arbeitsgemeinschaft Deutsche Lateinamerikaforschung ADLAF, p. 209
xTag: Mitigating Use-After-Free Vulnerabilities via Software-Based Pointer Tagging on Intel x86-64
Creators: name: Bernhard, Lukas
name: Rodler, Michael
name: Holz, Thorsten
name: Davi, Lucas
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: Memory safety in complex applications implemented in unsafe programming languages such as C/C++ is still an unresolved problem in practice. Such applications were often developed in an ad-hoc, security-ignorant fashion, and thus they contain many types of security issues. Many different types of defenses have been proposed in the past to mitigate these problems, some of which are even widely used in practice. However, advanced attacks are still able to circumvent these defenses, and the arms race is not (yet) over. On the defensive side, the most promising next step is a tighter integration of the hardware and software level: modern mitigation techniques are either accelerated using hardware extensions or implemented in the hard- ware by extensions of the instruction set architecture (ISA). In particular, memory tagging, as proposed by ARM or SPARC, promises to solve many issues for practical memory safety. Unfortunately, Intel x86-64, which represents the most important ISA for both the desktop and server domain, lacks support for hardware-accelerated memory tagging, so memory tagging is not considered practical for this platform. In this paper, we present the design and implementation of an efficient, software-only pointer tagging scheme for Intel x86-64 based on a novel metadata embedding scheme. The basic idea is to alias multiple virtual pages to one physical page so that we can efficiently embed tag bits into a pointer. Furthermore, we introduce several optimizations that significantly reduce the performance impact of this approach to memory tagging. Based on this scheme, we propose a novel use-after-free mitigation scheme, called xTag, that offers better performance and strong security properties compared to state-of-the-art methods. We also show how double-free vulnerabilities can be mitigated. Our approach is highly compatible, allowing pointers to be passed back and forth between instrumented and non-instrumented code without losing metadata, and it is even compatible with inline assembly. We conclude that building exploit mitigation mechanisms on top of our memory tagging scheme is feasible on Intel x86-64, as demonstrated by the effective prevention of use-after-free bugs in the Firefox web browser.
Mainland Chinese Historiography in Search of New National and Global Narratives: Analyzing Recent Historiography on the Tributary System of Interstate Relations under the Ming and Qing Dynasties (1368–1912 CE)
Creators: name: Hompot, Sebestyén
name: Weigelin-Schwiedrzik, Susanne
Publisher: name: Comparativ
Year: 2021

description: The present article is a discourse analysis of recent (since 2000) mainland Chinese historiography on the Sinocentric tributary system of East Asian interstate relations during China’s Ming (1368–1644 CE) and Qing (1644–1912 CE) dynasties. The article focuses on various strands of Chinese nationalism in the discourse, classified as “rigid”/exclusionist, “soft”/cultural, and liberal. The article discusses the various roles played by these strands of nationalism in the discourse, and the possible future influences of tributary system historiography on China’s evolving self-perception as a nation-state, as well as a regional and global actor. The article argues that “soft”/ cultural nationalism dominates the discourse with many authors emphasizing China’s supposed pre-modern culture of pacifist great power politics, implicitly or explicitly advocating the reference value of the topic for China’s present and future international relations.
description: Comparativ, Vol. 31 No. 2 (2021): Cultural Policy and Culture in Transformation: Central and Eastern Europe since 1989
Impacts of Calgary’s Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluents on Reproduction of Fish in the Bow River
Creators: name: Patel, Vaidehi
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Fathead minnows
subject: municipal effluents
subject: reproduction
subject: Toxicology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The purpose of this study was to investigate the reproductive impairment in fish exposed to treated municipal effluents in the Bow River. Adult fathead minnows were caged at five different sites along the Bow River for 26 days at upstream and downstream from the City of Calgary municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The results provide evidence that exposure to treated municipal WWTP effluents discharged into the Bow River adversely affect reproduction in both male and female fish. The evidence is based on changes in gonadosomatic index, spermatogenesis by flow cytometry, gonadal morphology, caspase activity as a measure of apoptosis, measurement of transcripts for enzymes involved in the control of steroidogenesis, and gonadal steroid levels. The results provide evidence that treated WWWP effluents discharged in the Bow River from Bonnybrook and Fish Creek WWTPs contains contaminants of emerging concern with hormone-like activity and highlights a need to improve wastewater treatment process.
Solar astrometry: the status of art in 2011
Creators: name: Sigismondi, Costantino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solar astrometry deals with the accurate measumerent of the solar diameter, and in general with the measurement of the shape of the Sun. During the last decades several techniques have been developed to monitor the radius and the irradiance of the Sun: meridian transits, telescopes in drift-scan mode, solar astrolabes, balloons, and satellites dedicated to the measurements of the solar diameter, and space measurements of the total solar irradiance are now performed to know the relationship radius-luminosity for the Sun in this evolutionary stage of its life. The feedback of solar astrometry in climate studies is of paramount importance. The status of art in the various fields of research here adressed is outlined.
description: 8 pages, 1 fig. Proceedings of the 3rd Galileo-Xu Guangqi Meeting, "The Sun, the stars, the Universe and General Relativity", October 11-15, 2011 Beijing - CHINA
title: Anhang 1: Vororte und Vorsitzende der ADLAF
Creators: name: Birle, Peter
name: Nolte, Detlef
Publisher: name: Iberoamericana/Vervuert
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 300

description: Bibliotheca Ibero-Americana, vol. 17250 Jahre Arbeitsgemeinschaft Deutsche Lateinamerikaforschung ADLAF, p. 217
title: Anhang 3: ADLAF-Tagungen 1967-2019
Creators: name: Birle, Peter
name: Nolte, Detlef
Publisher: name: Iberoamericana/Vervuert
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 300

description: Bibliotheca Ibero-Americana, vol. 17250 Jahre Arbeitsgemeinschaft Deutsche Lateinamerikaforschung ADLAF, p. 226
Aligned Major Axes in a Planetary System without Tidal Evolution: The 61 Virginis example
Creators: name: Greenberg, Richard
name: Van Laerhoven, Christa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tidal damping of one of the orbits in a planetary system can lead to aligned major-axes (the so-called "fixed-point" condition), but currently aligned major axes do not necessarily imply such a history. An example is the nominal orbital solution for the 61 Virginis system where two orbits librate about alignment, but evaluation of the eigenmodes of the secular theory shows it could not be the result of tidal damping but rather of initial conditions. Nevertheless, the amplitudes of the eigenmodes suggest that this system may have undergone some degree of tidal damping.
description: Accepted for publication in the Monthly Notices of the RAS. 21 pages, 2 figures
Design of Multi-band/Wide-band High Efficiency Power Amplifiers
Creators: name: Li, Xiang
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: power amplifier
subject: multi-band
subject: wide-band
subject: Class-X
subject: Doherty
subject: outphasing
subject: high efficiency
subject: Engineering
subject: Engineering--Electronics and Electrical

description: As an important component of the RF front-end in the transmitter, the power amplifier (PA) is used to convert the DC supply power into RF power. As the PA consumes most of the power in the transmitter, minimizing power dissipation of the PA would have a significant effect on the efficiency of the whole system. During recent decades, several works have been done to enhance the PA efficiency. However, there must be a trade-off between efficiency, linearity, gain, output power and bandwidth, which are five crucial attributes of the PA. With the development of the wireless communication system, multiple standards at different frequency bands are highly demanded to be integrated into one system while the increasing data rate requires a wide frequency spectrum and therefore broadband components. The multi-band/wide-band signals also lead to high peak-to-average power ratio. Thus, PAs are required to operate at multi-band/wide-band with high efficiency within a wide output power back-off (OPBO) range. For this reason, this thesis focuses on the PA theory and design method for multi-band, wide-band and wide-OPBO purpose. For the first time, a quad-band impedance inverter with arbitrary frequency ratio is proposed. Based on this impedance inverter, a concurrent quad-band Doherty has been designed at 0.75GHz, 1.75GHz, 2.65GHz and 3.55GHz with efficiency up to 50% at 6dB OPBO. For the first time, this thesis present a new theory for harmonically tuned PAs with maximally flat waveform, named class X PAs. The theory was developed for arbitrary harmonic tuning with arbitrary number of harmonics. The analytic close-form formulas for the voltage and current waveforms are provided. Design space for the Class-X PA with only first three harmonics is derived. To validate the theory, a wide-band PA has been designed with output power above 38dBm, efficiency higher than 70% over an octave bandwidth. The harmonic tuning method is also applied to the outphasing system in order to improve the efficiency. A harmonically tuned class-F outphasing system at 27.1MHz is designed with three third harmonic tuning cases to validate the theory. A harmonically tuned class-F-1 outphasing system at 2.14GHz is designed with efficiency of 68% at 6dB OPBO
Understanding curriculum as meditative inquiry : a study of the ideas of Jiddu Krishnamurti and James Macdonald
Creators: name: Kumar, Ashwani
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: In Understanding Curriculum As Meditative Inquiry: A Study of the Ideas of Jiddu Krishnamurti and James Macdonald, I study the relationship among consciousness, meditative inquiry, and curriculum. I argue that human consciousness, which is the basis of our thinking, feeling, and action, is common to all humanity and is in crisis. This crisis of consciousness—which is characterized by fear, conditioning, becoming, and fragmentation— affects and is deeply affected by the nature of contemporary educational institutions. Contemporary educational institutions create in children fear of authority, exams, and punishment. They also condition their minds with state-controlled and market-driven knowledge. In addition, modern educational institutions alienate children from their bodies, emotions, and spirits due to their overemphasis on cognitive learning. The crisis of consciousness is an existential problem and, therefore, in order to understand its depth and complexities we require an existential approach. Meditative inquiry, which is to be aware of the movement of consciousness without analysis or judgment, is an existential approach to understanding and transforming consciousness to create a peaceful world. On the one hand, meditative inquiry underscores the limitations of thinking and analysis and, on the other hand, it emphasizes meditative listening and observation. Because of the existential nature of our consciousness and the significance of meditative inquiry to comprehending the former, I propose viewing curriculum as a space for meditative inquiry. Curriculum as meditative inquiry is a transformative approach to educational experience that aspires to undermine and possibly dissolve the conflicted nature of our consciousness by cultivating a deeper sense of awareness. Specifically, curriculum as meditative inquiry emphasizes the arts of listening and seeing to have a deeper perception into one’s own consciousness and one’s relationships. It encourages the cultivation of the qualities of openness, aesthetics, and freedom in educational experience. Viewed from the perspective of meditative inquiry, education no more remains a problem of information transmission or means-end learning. On the contrary, it emerges as a space of freedom where the main focus is to learn about oneself and one’s relationships to people, nature, and ideas.