cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Improving NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database Redshift Calculations
Creators: name: Carr, Anthony
name: Davis, Tamara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) is an impressive tool for finding near-exhaustive information on millions of astrophysical objects. Here, we outline a small systematic error that occurs in NED because a low-redshift approximation is used when making the correction from redshifts in the heliocentric frame to the cosmic microwave background (CMB) rest frame. It means that historically NED systematically misreported the values of CMB-frame redshifts by up to $\sim10^{-3}z$ (about 0.001 at redshift of 1). This is a systematic error, and therefore the impact on applications requiring precise redshifts has the potential to be significant -- for example, a systematic redshift error of $\sim10^{-4}$ at low redshift could resolve the Hubble tension. We have consulted with the NED team and they are updating the software to remove this systematic error so these corrections are accurate at all redshifts. Here, we explain the changes and how they impact the redshift values NED currently reports.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, 1 table. Corrected the first term of equation (8)
Imaging Photon Lattice States by Scanning Defect Microscopy
Creators: name: Underwood, D. L.
name: Shanks, W. E.
name: Li, Andy C. Y.
name: Ateshian, Lamia
name: Koch, Jens
name: Houck, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Microwave photons inside lattices of coupled resonators and superconducting qubits can exhibit surprising matter-like behavior. Realizing such open-system quantum simulators presents an experimental challenge and requires new tools and measurement techniques. Here, we introduce Scanning Defect Microscopy as one such tool and illustrate its use in mapping the normal-mode structure of microwave photons inside a 49-site Kagome lattice of coplanar waveguide resonators. Scanning is accomplished by moving a probe equipped with a sapphire tip across the lattice. This locally perturbs resonator frequencies and induces shifts of the lattice resonance frequencies which we determine by measuring the transmission spectrum. From the magnitude of mode shifts we can reconstruct photon field amplitudes at each lattice site and thus create spatial images of the photon-lattice normal modes.
Learned Garbage Collection
Creators: name: Cen, Lujing
name: Marcus, Ryan
name: Mao, Hongzi
name: Gottschlich, Justin
name: Alizadeh, Mohammad
name: Kraska, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Several programming languages use garbage collectors (GCs) to automatically manage memory for the programmer. Such collectors must decide when to look for unreachable objects to free, which can have a large performance impact on some applications. In this preliminary work, we propose a design for a learned garbage collector that autonomously learns over time when to perform collections. By using reinforcement learning, our design can incorporate user-defined reward functions, allowing an autonomous garbage collector to learn to optimize the exact metric the user desires (e.g., request latency or queries per second). We conduct an initial experimental study on a prototype, demonstrating that an approach based on tabular Q learning may be promising.
An example of a Brauer-Manin obstruction to weak approximation at a prime with good reduction
Creators: name: Pagano, Margherita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Following Bright and Newton, we construct an explicit K$3$ surface over the rational numbers having good reduction at 2, and for which 2 is the only prime at which weak approximation is obstructed.
description: Published version at https://rdcu.be/c4cja
Tuning bad metal and non-Fermi liquid behavior in a Mott material: rare earth nickelate thin films
Creators: name: Mikheev, Evgeny
name: Hauser, Adam J.
name: Himmetoglu, Burak
name: Moreno, Nelson E.
name: Janotti, Anderson
name: Van de Walle, Chris G.
name: Stemmer, Susanne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Resistances that exceed the Mott-Ioffe-Regel limit, known as bad metal behavior, and non-Fermi liquid behavior are ubiquitous features of the normal state of many strongly correlated materials. Here we establish the conditions that lead to bad metal and non-Fermi liquid phases in NdNiO3, which exhibits a prototype, bandwidth-controlled metal-insulator transition. We show that resistance saturation is determined by the magnitude of the Ni eg orbital splitting, which can be tuned by strain in epitaxial films, causing the appearance of bad metal behavior under certain conditions. The results shed light on the nature of a crossover to non-Fermi liquid metal phase and provide a predictive criterion for strong localization. They elucidate a seemingly complex phase behavior as a function of film strain and confinement and provide guidelines for orbital engineering and novel devices.
description: Manuscript text, 5 figures and supplement
Local Energy Estimates for Wave Equations with Degenerate Trapping
Creators: name: Li, Difan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Local energy estimates are a robust measure for quantifying the energy decay for wave equations, and they have become a fundamental tool in the study of wave equations on asymptotically flat spacetimes. We seek to obtain a localized energy estimate for wave equations in the presence of degenerate trapping, by studying a warped product manifold whose generating function has an inflection point, which corresponds to trapped rays. Based on the preceding work of Christianson and Metcalfe in "Sharp local smoothing for warped product manifolds with smooth inflection transmission", which is an analog of local energy estimates for wave equations, it is expected that the result of this study will provide a second explicit example of a case where local energy estimates hold but with a sharp algebraic loss. In this paper, we first establish an exterior estimate that provides the local energy estimate away from the trapped sets produced by the geometry. Then we use a refinement of the exterior estimate to establish a low frequency estimate and a high frequency estimate with respect to their different frequency regimes. The project has the potential of expanding the frontier of our knowledge in local energy estimates for wave equations, and we hope that the specific case of local energy estimates with degenerate trapping that we examine will provide a roadmap for extending the local energy estimates techniques to more general geometries.
Aphrophora alni
Creators: name: Hasbroucq, Séverine
name: Casarin, Noemi
name: Czwienczek, Ewelina
name: Bragard, Claude
name: Grégoire, Jean-Claude
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Aphrophoridae
Aphrophora
Aphrophora alni

description: Aphrophora alni
 Distribution in Belgium
 A. alni was found in all the ecological regions of the country (Fig. 9). It was collected in 28 sites out of 36, in various environments (tree rows, meadows, urban parks, forest edges, orchards) and on various plants (Table 4).
 Adult phenology
 Adults were caught from May to November (Fig. 10), with a peak in July (our samplings) or two peaks, in July and September respectively (Observations.be).
description: Published as part of Hasbroucq, Séverine, Casarin, Noemi, Czwienczek, Ewelina, Bragard, Claude & Grégoire, Jean-Claude, 2020, Distribution, adult phenology and life history traits of potential insect vectors of Xylella fastidiosa in Belgium, pp. 1-21 in Belgian Journal of Entomology 92 on pages 12-13, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13709666
Thermalisation for Wigner matrices
Creators: name: Cipolloni, Giorgio
name: Erdős, László
name: Schröder, Dominik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60B20, 15B52, 46L54

description: We compute the deterministic approximation of products of Sobolev functions of large Wigner matrices $W$ and provide an optimal error bound on their fluctuation with very high probability. This generalizes Voiculescu's seminal theorem [Voiculescu 1991] from polynomials to general Sobolev functions, as well as from tracial quantities to individual matrix elements. Applying the result to $\exp(\mathrm{i} tW)$ for large $t$, we obtain a precise decay rate for the overlaps of several deterministic matrices with temporally well separated Heisenberg time evolutions; thus we demonstrate the thermalisation effect of the unitary group generated by Wigner matrices.
description: Published version. 26 pages, 4 figures
Hydrodynamic Simulations of the Interaction between an AGB Star and a Main Sequence Companion in Eccentric Orbits
Creators: name: Staff, Jan E.
name: De Marco, Orsola
name: Macdonald, Daniel
name: Galaviz, Pablo
name: Passy, Jean-Claude
name: Iaconi, Roberto
name: Mac Low, Mordecai-Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Rotten Egg Nebula has at its core a binary composed of a Mira star and an A-type companion at a separation >10 au. It has been hypothesized to have formed by strong binary interactions between the Mira and a companion in an eccentric orbit during periastron passage ~800 years ago. We have performed hydrodynamic simulations of an asymptotic giant branch star interacting with companions with a range of masses in orbits with a range of initial eccentricities and periastron separations. For reasonable values of the eccentricity, we find that Roche lobe overflow can take place only if the periods are <<100 years. Moreover, mass transfer causes the system to enter a common envelope phase within several orbits. Since the central star of the Rotten Egg nebula is an AGB star, we conclude that such a common envelope phase must have lead to a merger, so the observed companion must have been a tertiary companion of a binary that merged at the time of nebula ejection. Based on the mass and timescale of the simulated disc formed around the companion before the common envelope phase, we analytically estimate the properties of jets that could be launched. Allowing for super-Eddington accretion rates, we find that jets similar to those observed are plausible, provided that the putative lost companion was relatively massive.
description: accepted for publication in MNRAS
Tunable chirality of noncentrosymmetric magnetic Weyl semimetals
Creators: name: Ray, Rajyavardhan
name: Sadhukhan, Banasree
name: Richter, Manuel
name: Facio, Jorge I.
name: Brink, Jeroen van den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Even if Weyl semimetals are characterized by quasiparticles with well-defined chirality, exploiting this experimentally is severely hampered by Weyl lattice-fermions coming in pairs with opposite chirality, typically causing the net chirality picked up by experimental probes to vanish. Here we show this issue can be circumvented in a controlled manner when both time-reversal- and inversion- symmetry are broken. To this end, we investigate chirality-disbalance in the carbide family RMC$_2$ (R a rare-earth and M a transition metal), showing several members to be Weyl semimetals. Using the noncentrosymmetric ferromagnet NdRhC$_2$ as an illustrating example, we show that an odd number of Weyl nodes can be stabilized at its Fermi surface by properly tilting its magnetization. The tilt direction determines the sign of the resulting net chirality, opening up a simple route to control it.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, and Supplemental Information
Ethical advice-giving
Creators: name: Hagens, Marloes
name: Köbis, Nils
name: Leib, Margarita
name: Rilke, Rainer
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Behavioral Economics
subject: Economics
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: This project contains an experimental study of ethical advice-giving. Ethical in this context means (dis)honest behavior, and the advice-giving thus means advocating (dis)honest behavior. The dyadic die-roll set-up was altered to add an adviser player. In an behavioral and experimental economic context, the tendency towards giving (dis)honest advice is studied.
Benchmarking Learned Indexes
Creators: name: Marcus, Ryan
name: Kipf, Andreas
name: van Renen, Alexander
name: Stoian, Mihail
name: Misra, Sanchit
name: Kemper, Alfons
name: Neumann, Thomas
name: Kraska, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent advancements in learned index structures propose replacing existing index structures, like B-Trees, with approximate learned models. In this work, we present a unified benchmark that compares well-tuned implementations of three learned index structures against several state-of-the-art "traditional" baselines. Using four real-world datasets, we demonstrate that learned index structures can indeed outperform non-learned indexes in read-only in-memory workloads over a dense array. We also investigate the impact of caching, pipelining, dataset size, and key size. We study the performance profile of learned index structures, and build an explanation for why learned models achieve such good performance. Finally, we investigate other important properties of learned index structures, such as their performance in multi-threaded systems and their build times.
Application of the triangulated category to the explanation of fully-charm tetraquark mass
Creators: name: Obikhod, T. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery in July 2020 of fully-charm tetraquark led to the need for its theoretical explanation. For investigation of such complex four-quark formation, the modern mathematical apparatus of the theory of derived categories is used. By representing diquarks as solitonic objects in terms of sheaves, one can explain the measured mass of the broad resonance of fully-charm tetraquarks consisting of di-charmonia.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, materials are presented in the Proceedings of the 1st International Scientific and Practical Conference "Theory and Practice of Science: Key Aspects". (February 19-20, 2021). Rome, Italy
The topological modular forms of $\mathbb{R}P^2$ and $\mathbb{R}P^2 \wedge \mathbb{C}P^2$
Creators: name: Beaudry, Agnès
name: Bobkova, Irina
name: Pham, Viet-Cuong
name: Xu, Zhouli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we study the elliptic spectral sequence computing $tmf_*(\mathbb{R} P^2)$ and $tmf_* (\mathbb{R} P^2 \wedge \mathbb{C} P^2)$. Specifically, we compute all differentials and resolve exotic extensions by 2, $η$, and $ν$. For $tmf_* (\mathbb{R} P^2 \wedge \mathbb{C} P^2)$, we also compute the effect of the $v_1$-self maps of $\mathbb{R} P^2 \wedge \mathbb{C} P^2$ on $tmf$-homology.
Status of water, sanitation, and hygiene access in schools in six African countries
Creators: name: Morgan, Camille Elyse
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Adequate water, sanitation, and hygiene (WaSH) infrastructure can prevent contamination of
drinking water and thus reduces disease and death. Attention has been focused on recommendations
and monitoring of household WaSH, but less emphasis has been placed on school settings, a place
where children spend much of their day. Unlike the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), the
proposed Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) include schools in the WaSH targets for universal
access, however the current level of school WaSH access is understudied. To gauge current levels of
WaSH access, quality, quantity, and continuity of service in schools, 2270 schools were randomly
sampled in regions of six Sub-Saharan African countries: Ethiopia, Kenya, Mozambique, Rwanda,
Uganda, and Zambia. Using surveys developed from internationally established indicators and fieldand
lab-based microbiological water quality testing, we found a majority of schools had access to
safe water: 78% of schools sampled reported access to an improved water source and 74% had
stored water with low risk water quality. Improved sanitation facilities3 were reported in 80% of
schools, but access was largely inadequate: fewer than 25% of schools met the World Health
Organization’s (WHO) recommended student-to-latrine ratio. Hygiene indicators reflected fewer
than 10% of schools had hand-washing facilities on the day of the survey. All six countries reported
fewer than 20% of schools with at least 4 of the 5 recommended menstrual hygiene facilities. These
results along with additional indicators reflect low access to sanitation and hygiene in schools,
especially compared to the level of access to safe water. Linear regression models testing factors
associated with water quality by country provide evidence that improved water sources within 30
minutes for collection significantly improved water quality in Mozambique. Results from Kenya
suggest water treatment practices may be improper and inadequate to improve water quality. Given
the associations between poor sanitation and hygiene access and adverse health outcomes,
development organizations and governments should emphasize these areas in developing WaSH
infrastructure in schools to meet the targets for universal access.
Aphrophora salicina
Creators: name: Hasbroucq, Séverine
name: Casarin, Noemi
name: Czwienczek, Ewelina
name: Bragard, Claude
name: Grégoire, Jean-Claude
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Aphrophoridae
Aphrophora
Aphrophora salicina

description: Aphrophora salicina
 Distribution in Belgium
 A. salicina was not found to be very widespread in the country (Fig. 11). We caught it only in 6 sites out of 36, always on Salix spp. (table 4).
 Adult phenology
 Adults were found from June to October (Fig. 12). We caught A. salicina in higher numbers in July and August.
 Oviposition, egg winter diapause and voltinism
 Oviposition was observed in slits at the tip of Salix shoots. In this univoltine species, the eggs overwinter and need a winter period to lift diapause.
 Immature development under outdoor conditions
It took place between early April and early June (Fig. 13). There are five instars, with spittle protection. The cephalic capsule width was 0.52,0 mm according to nymphal instar. Immature development lasted 63–76 days. The adults appeared between June 6 and 19.
description: Published as part of Hasbroucq, Séverine, Casarin, Noemi, Czwienczek, Ewelina, Bragard, Claude & Grégoire, Jean-Claude, 2020, Distribution, adult phenology and life history traits of potential insect vectors of Xylella fastidiosa in Belgium, pp. 1-21 in Belgian Journal of Entomology 92 on pages 14-16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13709666
Cartesian product graphs and $k$-tuple total domination
Creators: name: Kazemi, Adel P.
name: Pahlavsay, Behnaz
name: Stones, Rebecca J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C69

description: A $k$-tuple total dominating set ($k$TDS) of a graph $G$ is a set $S$ of vertices in which every vertex in $G$ is adjacent to at least $k$ vertices in $S$; the minimum size of a $k$TDS is denoted $γ_{\times k,t}(G)$. We give a Vizing-like inequality for Cartesian product graphs, namely $γ_{\times k,t}(G) γ_{\times k,t}(H) \leq 2k γ_{\times k,t}(G \Box H)$ provided $γ_{\times k,t}(G) \leq 2kρ(G)$, where $ρ$ is the packing number. We also give bounds on $γ_{\times k,t}(G \Box H)$ in terms of (open) packing numbers, and consider the extremal case of $γ_{\times k,t}(K_n \Box K_m)$, i.e., the rook's graph, giving a constructive proof of a general formula for $γ_{\times 2, t}(K_n \Box K_m)$.
description: 18 pages
Unruh and analogue Unruh temperatures for circular motion in 3+1 and 2+1 dimensions
Creators: name: Biermann, Steffen
name: Erne, Sebastian
name: Gooding, Cisco
name: Louko, Jorma
name: Schmiedmayer, Jörg
name: Unruh, William G.
name: Weinfurtner, Silke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Unruh effect states that a uniformly linearly accelerated observer with proper acceleration $a$ experiences Minkowski vacuum as a thermal state in the temperature $T_{\text{lin}} = a/(2π)$, operationally measurable via the detailed balance condition between excitation and de-excitation probabilities. An observer in uniform circular motion experiences a similar Unruh-type temperature $T_{\text{circ}}$, operationally measurable via the detailed balance condition, but $T_{\text{circ}}$ depends not just on the proper acceleration but also on the orbital radius and on the excitation energy. We establish analytic results for $T_{\text{circ}}$ for a massless scalar field in $3+1$ and $2+1$ spacetime dimensions in several asymptotic regions of the parameter space, and we give numerical results in the interpolating regions. In the ultrarelativistic limit, we verify that in $3+1$ dimensions $T_{\text{circ}}$ is of the order of $T_{\text{lin}}$ uniformly in the energy, as previously found by Unruh, but in $2+1$ dimensions $T_{\text{circ}}$ is significantly lower at low energies. We translate these results to an analogue spacetime nonrelativistic field theory in which the circular acceleration effects may become experimentally testable in the near future. We establish in particular that the circular motion analogue Unruh temperature grows arbitrarily large in the near-sonic limit, encouragingly for the experimental prospects, but the growth is weaker in effective spacetime dimension $2+1$ than in $3+1$.
description: 33 pages. v4: typo in (3.7) corrected
Bridging the Gap: Building Sustainable Partnerships Between Community Health Centers and Intimate Partner Violence Services in North Carolina
Creators: name: Matthai, Susannah
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Rates of intimate partner violence (IPV) in North Carolina are significantly higher than the national average, with lifetime prevalence estimated at 44% for women and 19% for men.  IPV contributes to greater health burden, leading to significant short- and long-term physical, mental, and behavioral health consequences.  The purpose of this project was to conduct a community forum to bring together key stakeholders to identify ways community health centers and IPV service agencies can work together to address health needs of survivors.  The UNC School of Nursing partnered with the North Carolina Coalition Against Domestic Violence to conduct this forum.  During the event, participants utilized a group priority sort model to determine priority health care needs and populations in need of services.  The highest priority health care needs included 1) trauma-informed health care services, 2) bilingual services, and 3) emergency health care.  The highest priority populations were 1) victims/survivors of human trafficking and sexual violence, 2) LBGTQ+ individuals, and 4) individuals with disabilities.  Participants also conducted a SWOT analysis, brainstorming strategies to capitalize on new partnerships and opportunities to improve care services.  Strategies focused primarily on the efficient use of resources and addressing the needs of vulnerable populations.  The forum identified several strategies to narrow gaps in care and recommendations for sustaining partnerships between community health centers and IPV service agencies.  With this information, it is the hope that the forum can be replicated in the other regions of North Carolina in order to improve services statewide.  Keywords: intimate partner violence, domestic violence, community forum, community health center
Lattices in a product of trees, hierarchically hyperbolic groups, and virtual torsion-freeness
Creators: name: Hughes, Sam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F65, 20F67

description: We construct cocompact lattices in a product of trees which are not virtually torsion-free. This gives the first examples of hierarchically hyperbolic groups which are not virtually torsion-free
description: 8 pages, to appear in Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society
GRB 080503 late afterglow re-brightening: signature of a magnetar powered merger-nova
Creators: name: Gao, He
name: Ding, Xuan
name: Wu, Xue-Feng
name: Dai, Zi-Gao
name: Zhang, Bing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: GRB 080503 is a short gamma-ray burst (GRB) detected by \emph{Swift} and has been classified as a compact-star-merger-origin GRB. The soft extended emission and the simultaneous late re-brightening in both the X-ray and optical afterglow lightcurves raise interesting questions regarding its physical origin. We show that the broad-band data of GRB 080503 can be well explained within the framework of the double neutron star merger model, provided that the merger remnant is a rapidly-rotating massive neutron star with an extremely high magnetic field (i.e. a millisecond magnetar). We show that the late optical re-brightening is consistent with the emission from a magnetar-powered "merger-nova". This adds one more case to the growing sample of merger-novae associated with short GRBs. The soft extended emission and the late X-ray excess emission are well connected through a magnetar dipole spin-down luminosity evolution function, suggesting that direct magnetic dissipation is the mechanism to produce these X-rays. The X-ray emission initially leaks from a hole in the merger ejecta pierced by the short GRB jet. The hole subsequently closes after the magnetar spins down and the magnetic pressure drops below ram pressure. The X-ray photons are then trapped behind the mergernova ejecta until the ejecta becomes optically thin at a later time. This explains the essentially simultaneous re-brightening in both the optical and X-ray lightcurves. Within this model, future gravitational wave sources could be associated with a bright X-ray counterpart along with the mergernova, even if the short GRB jet beams away from Earth.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, ApJ accepted
A Specificity Principle of Memory: Evidence from Aging and Associative Memory
Creators: name: Greene, Nathaniel
name: Naveh-Benjamin, Moshe
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Aging
subject: Associative Memory
subject: Conjoint Recognition
subject: Fuzzy Trace Theory
subject: Memory
subject: Multinomial Processing Tree Models
subject: Principles of Memory
subject: Signal Detection Theory
subject: Simplified Conjoint Recognition

description: Contains data and analysis for Greene, N.R., & Naveh-Benjamin, M. A specificity principle of memory: Evidence from aging and associative memory.
A Remake of Bourgain-Brezis-Mironescu Characterization of Sobolev Spaces
Creators: name: Gounoue, Guy Fabrice Foghem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 26B30, 46E35

description: We introduce a large class of concentrated $p$-Lévy integrable functions approximating the unity, which serves as the core tool from which we provide a nonlocal characterization of Sobolev spaces and the space of functions of bounded variation via nonlocal energies forms. It turns out that this nonlocal characterization is a necessary and sufficient criterion to define Sobolev spaces on domains satisfying the extension property. We also examine the general case where the extension property does not necessarily hold. In the latter case, we establish weak convergence of the nonlocal Radon measures involved to the local Radon measures induced by the distributional gradient.
description: Published in: Partial Differential Equations and Applications. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42985-023-00232-4
Phase diagram of Sr$_{1-x}$Ba$_x$MnO$_3$ as a function of chemical doping, epitaxial strain and external pressure
Creators: name: Chen, Hanghui
name: Millis, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use \textit{ab initio} calculations to systematically study the phase diagram of multiferroic Sr$_{1-x}$Ba$_x$MnO$_3$ ($0 \leq x \leq 1$) as a function of chemical doping, epitaxial strain and external pressure. We find that by replacing Sr with Ba in cubic SrMnO$_3$ and imposing epitaxial strain, the material can be tuned to the vicinity of a first order transition between two multiferroic phases, one antiferromagnetic with a smaller polarization and one ferromagnetic with a larger polarization. A giant effective magneto-electric coupling and cross-field control (electric field control of magnetism or magnetic field control of polarization) can be achieved in the vicinity of the transition. The dependence of the theoretically computed transition point on the choice of exchange correlation functionals is determined and is found to be non-negligible. We also show that the perovskite structure of BaMnO$_3$ can be stabilized relative to its hexagonal polymorphs at pressures larger than 20 GPa.
description: 22 pages, 11 figures and 2 tables
Social Structures and Language Maintenance of the Old Order Amish in Adams County, IN
Creators: name: Shryock, Kylie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: This thesis examines how the social structure and language attitudes of the Old Order Amish in
Adams County, Indiana have affected the maintenance of their heritage language of Swiss. The
Amish left Switzerland on account of religious persecution, and despite being separated from
their homeland in the Bernese Jura for over two centuries, the Old Order Amish in Adams
County have maintained Swiss as a first and a home language. Research was conducted in the
towns of Berne, Geneva, and Monroe in Adams County, Indiana. Information was collected
through interviews and participant observation in Old Order Amish communities in these three
towns. This research found that despite increasing modernization and contact with the external
society, the Old Order Amish have maintained their colloquial language of Swiss and liturgical
language of Standard German. The reason for this maintenance relies on the social structure of
these communities and they way they interact with the external society. The Old Order Amish in
Adams County have maintained horizontal social structures, which as Lucht, Salmons, and Frey
(2011) discuss, plays a large role in maintaining heritage languages. In addition, instead of
shutting out all contact and attempting to deter all change, the Old Order Amish have allowed
minor changes in both their customs and language in order to maintain them.
Effects of Fine Particulate Matter on Cardiovascular Disease Morbidity: A Study on Seven Metropolitan Cities in South Korea
Creators: name: Cho, Eunjung
name: Kang, Yeonggyeong
name: Cho, Youngsang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Objectives: The primary purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between the first occurrence of hospitalization for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and particulate matter less than 2.5 micrometre in diameter (PM2.5) exposure, considering average PM2.5 concentration and the frequency of high PM2.5 concentration simultaneously. Methods: We used large-scale cohort data from seven metropolitan cities in South Korea. We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using the Cox proportional-hazards model, including annual average PM2.5 and annual hours of PM2.5 concentration exceeding 55.5 microgram/m3 (FH55). Results: We found that the risk was elevated by 11.6% (95% CI, 9.7-13.6) for all CVD per 2.9 microgram/m3 increase of average PM2.5. In addition, a 94-h increase in FH55 increased the risk of all CVD by 3.8% (95% CI, 2.8-4.7). Regarding stroke, we found that people who were older and had a history of hypertension were more vulnerable to PM2.5 exposure. Conclusion: Based on the findings, we conclude that accurate forecasting, information dissemination, and timely warning of high concentrations of PM2.5 at the national level may reduce the risk of CVD occurrence.
Examining Causal Chains Between Real US GDP and Energy Consumption Through Mixed Frequency Granger Causality Testing
Creators: name: Hackney, Clayton
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: This paper explores potential short-term causal relationships between energy consumption and real GDP in the United States from 1982-2006. Despite extensive study, there is no agreed upon consensus about the existence and nature of such a relationship. A primary issue in the literature is that existing studies are plagued by temporal aggregation issues due to inconsistency of data sampling (quarterly GDP and monthly energy consumption samples). We address this issue by conducting a Granger Test for Causality on rolling windows with parametrically bootstrapped residuals per Goncalves and Kilian (2004) in a bivariate Mixed Frequency Vector Autoregression (Ghysels, Hill, and Motegi 2014). We then compare the results to two standard VAR models with aggregated data, one with stock sampling and another with flow sampling, to highlight issues with aggregation. We conclude that there is more likely to be a causal chain from GDP to energy, but that major political events involving oil rich countries can create a simultaneously significant relationship.
Learning from students' perception on professors through opinion mining
Creators: name: Vargas-Calderón, Vladimir
name: Flórez, Juan S.
name: Ardila, Leonel F.
name: Parra-A., Nicolas
name: Camargo, Jorge E.
name: Vargas, Nelson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Students' perception of classes measured through their opinions on teaching surveys allows to identify deficiencies and problems, both in the environment and in the learning methodologies. The purpose of this paper is to study, through sentiment analysis using natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning (ML) techniques, those opinions in order to identify topics that are relevant for students, as well as predicting the associated sentiment via polarity analysis. As a result, it is implemented, trained and tested two algorithms to predict the associated sentiment as well as the relevant topics of such opinions. The combination of both approaches then becomes useful to identify specific properties of the students' opinions associated with each sentiment label (positive, negative or neutral opinions) and topic. Furthermore, we explore the possibility that students' perception surveys are carried out without closed questions, relying on the information that students can provide through open questions where they express their opinions about their classes.
Studying of final states in p-Au and p-Pb collisions
Creators: name: Obikhod, Tetiana
name: Petrenko, Ievgenii
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of PYTHIA8.2 program we considered p-Pb and p-Au heavy ion collisions at the energy of 5.02 TeV and 8 TeV. The advantage of this program is in the combining of several nucleon-nucleon collisions into one heavy ion collision, based on phenomenological treatment of a hadron as a vortex line in a color superconducting medium, the consistent treatment of the central rapidity region with improvements of Glauber-like model where diffractive excitation processes are taken into account. We have considered the influence of impact parameter correlations on the production cross sections of p-Pb and p-Au processes to estimate the influence of hard and soft subprocesses on basic hadronic final-state properties in proton-ion collisions. Using these characteristics based on semi-hard multiparton interaction model we received the transverse momentum and rapidity distributions of K-meson and Lambda baryon at the energy of 5.02 TeV and 8.14 TeV.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures, Materials have been accepted in EPS-HEP2021 conference
The Bridge of Barbecue: Jeong and Korean Immigration into North Carolina
Creators: name: Styers, Katherine
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: I am sitting around a table with eight other people, all of whom I did not know until three
months ago. While I am in South Korea it is my 20th birthday and all of these new friends here
together to celebrate with me. The table is full of small and large dishes and two large grills sit in
the middle of our table which we will soon be using to grill our dinner. Some of these friends are
Korean, some are other exchange students, but during our time in South Korea, we have all
picked up the social rules that are attached to Korean barbeque. And maybe that is why my
friends choose this place for my birthday dinner. The atmosphere and meaning of this type of
food makes it perfect to show our friendship with each other through small, almost unnoticeable
social cues during the meal . Who grills the meat, where and when it goes on the plate, who asks
for more side dishes, and how the so-ju is pour in the glass all have minute meanings and
symbolize more than words how my friends feel about me. This was a pivotal moment in
recognizing the powerful force that Korean barbeque has in forging friendships, where every
gesture or absence of one speaks for itself.
It was when I returned to North Carolina, that I began to feel the absence of this form of
communication and miss the ritual of Korean barbeque. Korean barbeque can be bought in more
and more locations in the US, but the restaurants I went to never had the Korean barbeque with
the environment, ritual, and group of people who all understand the same social rules and
meaning behind the meal. Therefore, I began to wonder if or how Korean immigrants were
experiencing this absence of cultural exchange and what the effects of this experience were? This
research project attempts to understand how Korean food culture, and particularly Korean
barbeque has changed with the growing Korean population in the Triangle area of North
Carolina. And how relationships are being formed and maintained through specific Korean food
or with the absence of it.
Modeling cross-field demagnetization of superconducting stacks and bulks for up to 100 tapes and 2 million cycles
Creators: name: Dadhich, Anang
name: Pardo, Enric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconducting stacks and bulks can act as very strong magnets (more than 17 T), but they lose their magnetization in the presence of alternating (or ripple) transverse magnetic fields, due to the dynamic magneto-resistance. This demagnetization is a major concern for applications requiring high run times, such as motors and generators, where ripple fields are of high amplitude and frequency. We have developed a numerical model based on dynamic magneto-resistance that is much faster than the conventional Power-Law-resistivity model, enabling us to simulate high number of cycles with the same accuracy. We simulate demagnetization behavior of superconducting stacks made of 10-100 tapes for up to 2 million cycles of applied ripple field. We found that for high number of cycles, the trapped field reaches non-zero stationary values for both superconducting bulks and stacks; as long as the ripple field amplitudes are below the parallel penetration field, being determined by the penetration field for a single tape in stacks. Bulks keep substantial stationary values for much higher ripple field amplitudes than the stacks, being relevant for high number of cycles. However, for low number of cycles, stacks lose much less magnetization as compared to bulks.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures
The SLUGGS survey: inferring the formation epochs of metal-poor and metal-rich globular clusters
Creators: name: Forbes, Duncan A.
name: Pastorello, Nicola
name: Romanowsky, Aaron J.
name: Usher, Christopher
name: Brodie, Jean P.
name: Strader, Jay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel, observationally-based framework for the formation epochs and sites of globular clusters (GCs) in a cosmological context. Measuring directly the mean ages of the metal-poor and metal-rich GC subpopulations in our own Galaxy, and in other galaxies, is observationally challenging. Here we apply an alternative approach utilising the property that the galaxy mass-metallicity relation is a strong function of redshift (or look-back age) but is relatively insensitive to galaxy mass for massive galaxies. Assuming that GCs follow galaxy mass-metallicity relations that evolve with redshift, one can estimate the mean formation epochs of the two GC subpopulations by knowing their mean metallicities and the growth in host galaxy mass with redshift. Recently, the SLUGGS survey has measured the spectroscopic metallicities for over 1000 GCs in a dozen massive early-type galaxies. Here we use these measurements, and our new metallicity matching method, to infer a mean age for metal-rich GCs of 11.5 Gyr (z = 2.9) and a range of 12.2 to 12.8 Gyr (4.8 < z < 5.9) for the metal- poor GCs, depending on whether they mostly formed in accreted satellites or in-situ within the main host galaxy. We compare our values to direct age measurements for Milky Way GCs and predictions from cosmological models. Our findings suggest that reionisation preceded most GC formation, and that it is unlikely to be the cause of GC bimodal metallicity distributions.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Synth-by-Reg (SbR): Contrastive learning for synthesis-based registration of paired images
Creators: name: Casamitjana, Adrià
name: Mancini, Matteo
name: Iglesias, Juan Eugenio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Nonlinear inter-modality registration is often challenging due to the lack of objective functions that are good proxies for alignment. Here we propose a synthesis-by-registration method to convert this problem into an easier intra-modality task. We introduce a registration loss for weakly supervised image translation between domains that does not require perfectly aligned training data. This loss capitalises on a registration U-Net with frozen weights, to drive a synthesis CNN towards the desired translation. We complement this loss with a structure preserving constraint based on contrastive learning, which prevents blurring and content shifts due to overfitting. We apply this method to the registration of histological sections to MRI slices, a key step in 3D histology reconstruction. Results on two different public datasets show improvements over registration based on mutual information (13% reduction in landmark error) and synthesis-based algorithms such as CycleGAN (11% reduction), and are comparable to a registration CNN with label supervision. Code and data are publicly available at \url{https://github.com/acasamitjana/SynthByReg}
description: Best paper award in Simulation and Synthesis in Medical Imaging (SASHIMI) workshop
Dust and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon in the HD 34700 Debris Disk
Creators: name: Seok, Ji Yeon
name: Li, Aigen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The debris disk around the Vega-type star HD 34700 is detected in dust thermal emission from the near infrared (IR) to millimeter (mm) and submm wavelength range. Also detected is a distinct set of emission features at 3.3, 6.2, 7.7, 8.6, 11.3 and 12.7 $μ$m, which are commonly attributed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) molecules. We model the observed dust IR spectral energy distribution (SED) and PAH emission features of the HD 34700 disk in terms of porous dust and astronomical-PAHs. Porous dust together with a mixture of neutral and ionized PAHs closely explains the dust IR SED and PAH emission features observed in the HD 34700 disk. Due to the stellar radiation pressure and Poynting-Robertson drag together with the photodissociation of PAHs, substantial removal of dust and PAHs has occurred in the disk, and continuous replenishment of these materials is required to maintain their current abundances. This implies that these materials are not primitive but secondary products probably originating from mutual collisions among planetesimals, asteroids, and comets.
description: 27 pages, 7 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in ApJ
The analogue of Hilbert's 1888 theorem for Even Symmetric Forms
Creators: name: Goel, Charu
name: Kuhlmann, Salma
name: Reznick, Bruce
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11E76, 11E25, 05E05, 14P10

description: Hilbert proved in 1888 that a positive semidefinite (psd) real form is a sum of squares (sos) of real forms if and only if $n=2$ or $d=1$ or $(n,2d)=(3,4)$, where $n$ is the number of variables and $2d$ the degree of the form. We study the analogue for even symmetric forms. We establish that an even symmetric $n$-ary $2d$-ic psd form is sos if and only if $n=2$ or $d=1$ or $(n,2d)=(n,4)_{n \geq 3}$ or $(n,2d)= (3,8)$.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1505.08145