cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Price of information in games of chance: a statistical physics approach
Creators: name: Gamberi, Luca
name: Annibale, Alessia
name: Vivo, Pierpaolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Information in the form of data, which can be stored and transferred between users, can be viewed as an intangible commodity, which can be traded in exchange for money. Determining the fair price at which a string of data should be traded is an important and open problem in many settings. In this work we develop a statistical physics framework that allows to determine analytically the fair price of information exchanged between players in a game of chance. For definiteness, we consider a game where $N$ players bet on the binary outcome of a stochastic process and share the entry fees pot if successful. We assume that one player holds information about past outcomes of the game, which they may either use exclusively to improve their betting strategy or offer to sell to another player. We find a sharp transition as the number of players $N$ is tuned across a critical value, between a phase where the transaction is always profitable for the seller and one where it may not be. In both phases, different regimes are possible, depending on the "quality" of information being put up for sale: we observe symbiotic regimes, where both parties collude effectively to rig the game in their favor, competitive regimes, where the transaction is unappealing to the data holder as it overly favors a competitor for scarce resources, and even prey-predator regimes, where an exploitative data holder could be giving away bad-quality data to undercut a competitor. Our analytical framework can be generalized to more complex settings and constitutes a flexible tool to address the rich and timely problem of pricing information in games of chance.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures. Title changed, and major changes in structure and general stat-phys framework. Accepted in Physical Review Research
title: The Influence of Dairy Breed and Forage Type on Organic Dairy Heifer Performance
Creators: name: Fonnesbeck, Sawyer Douglas
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: There are many different breeds of dairy cattle in the United States. However, research on how well heifers from different breeds develop when grazing pasture alone has not been done in the United States. This data can be very important for dairy producers, since developing heifers is the second largest expense on most dairy farms. In this study, we evaluated the performance of pre-pubertal heifers from four different breeds within a rotational-grazing system in the Intermountain West. For each of two 105-day grazing seasons, 24 dairy heifers from each of four different breeds [Holstein (HO), Jersey (JE), Holstein/Jersey crossbred (HJ), and VikingRed/Holstein/Montbeliarde crossbred (PRO)] were randomly assigned to one of two pasture treatments that consisted of either grass only (MONO) or grass interseeded with the legume birdsfoot trefoil (BFT; MIX). Within our study we looked at the effects of BFT and the differences between breeds for the following: average daily gain (ADG), change in percent mature body weight (CPMBW), fecal egg count (FEC), rumen volatile fatty acids (VFA), and body condition scores (BCS). We saw that BFT significantly increased ADG for all breeds. Heifers which grazed the MIX treatments averaged 0.48 kg of gain/day, whereas heifers on MONO pastures averaged 0.28 kg/day. Overall changes in BCS were significantly affected by both the differences in treatment and breed of the animals. When CPMBW was analyzed, heifers grazing BFT pastures had greater increases as well as there being a difference in breed with JE heifers outperforming other breeds. The different treatments did not cause any significant differences in FEC or total VFA concentrations. Overall, we found that Jerseys were able to gain a higher percentage of their mature body weight and maintain their body condition better, while grazing, than heifers of other breeds. We also determined that grazing BFT can have noticeable positive effects on ADG, BCS, and CPMBW. For dairy producers who graze their animals, it is important for them to realize the benefit of planting BFT in their pastures and the benefit seen in our study of using Jersey heifers, which had better increases in their mature body weight when compared to other breeds. This knowledge can help dairy producers become more efficient and profitable.
Efficient Shapley Performance Attribution for Least-Squares Regression
Creators: name: Bell, Logan
name: Devanathan, Nikhil
name: Boyd, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62-08 (Primary), 62-04, 62J99 (Secondary)

description: We consider the performance of a least-squares regression model, as judged by out-of-sample $R^2$. Shapley values give a fair attribution of the performance of a model to its input features, taking into account interdependencies between features. Evaluating the Shapley values exactly requires solving a number of regression problems that is exponential in the number of features, so a Monte Carlo-type approximation is typically used. We focus on the special case of least-squares regression models, where several tricks can be used to compute and evaluate regression models efficiently. These tricks give a substantial speed up, allowing many more Monte Carlo samples to be evaluated, achieving better accuracy. We refer to our method as least-squares Shapley performance attribution (LS-SPA), and describe our open-source implementation.
description: 36 pages, 5 figures
(500925) Mary Emily Mitchell
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Paramagnetic spin pumping
Creators: name: Shiomi, Y.
name: Saitoh, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have demonstrated spin pumping from a paramagnetic state of an insulator La2NiMnO6 into a Pt film. Single-crystalline films of La2NiMnO6 which exhibit a ferromagnetic order at TC ~ 270 K were grown by pulsed laser deposition. The inverse spin Hall voltage induced by spin-current injection has been observed in the Pt layer not only in the ferromagnetic phase of La2NiMnO6 but also in a wide temperature range above TC. The efficient spin pumping in the paramagnetic phase is ascribable to ferromagnetic correlation, not to ferromagnetic order.
description: Phys. Rev. Lett. Editors' suggestion
Hysteresis and chaos in anomalous Josephson junctions without capacitance
Creators: name: Mazanik, A. A.
name: Botha, A. E.
name: Rahmonov, I. R.
name: Shukrinov, Yu. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Usually, overdamped Josephson junctions do not exhibit chaotic behavior in their phase dynamics, either because the phase space dimension is less than three (as in the case of a single overdamped ac-driven junction) or due to the general tendency of systems to become less chaotic with increasing dissipation (as in the case of coupled overdamped junctions). Here we consider the so-called $φ_0$ superconductor/ferromagnet/superconductor Josephson junction in which the current flowing through the junction may induce magnetization dynamics in the ferromagnetic interlayer. We find that due to the induced magnetization dynamics, even in the overdamped limit, i.e. for a junction without capacitance, the junction may exhibit chaos and hysteresis that in some cases leads to multiple branches in its current-voltage characteristics. We also show that pulsed current signals can be used to switch between the different voltage states, even in the presence of added thermal noise. Such switching could be used in cryogenic memory components.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures
การศึกษาความคาดหวังของนายจ้างที่มีต่อบัณฑิตบัญชี กรณีความรู้ความสามารถทางด้านเทคโนโลยีสารสนเทศ
Creators: name: จารุณี อภิวัฒน์ไพศาล
Publisher: name: ศูนย์สนับสนุนและพัฒนาการเรียนการสอน มหาวิทยาลัยรังสิต
Year: 2008
Subjects: Accounting Package Software
Employers
Information Technology
นายจ้าง
เทคโนโลยีสารสนเทศ
โปรแกรมสำเร็จรูปทางการบัญชี

description: วารสารพัฒนาการเรียนการสอน, 2, 2, 42-52
Panchromatic Hubble Andromeda Treasury XIII: The Cepheid period-luminosity relation in M31
Creators: name: Wagner-Kaiser, R.
name: Sarajedini, A.
name: Dalcanton, J. J.
name: Williams, B. F.
name: Dolphin, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using Hubble Space Telescope Advanced Camera for Surveys (HST/ACS) and Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) observations from the Panchromatic Hubble Andromeda Treasury (PHAT), we present new period-luminosity (P-L) relations for Cepheid variables in M31. Cepheids from several ground-based studies are identified in the PHAT photometry to derive new P-L and Wesenheit P-L relations in the near infrared and visual filters. We derive a distance modulus to M31 of 24.51 +/- 0.08 in the IR bands and 24.32 +/- 0.09 in the visual bands, including the first P-L relations in the F475W and F814W filters for M31. Our derived visual and IR distance moduli disagree at slightly more than a 1σ level. Differences in the P-L relations between ground-based and HST observations are investigated for a subset of Cepheids. We find a significant discrepancy between ground-based and HST P-L relations with the same Cepheids, suggesting adverse effects from photometric contamination in ground-based Cepheid observations. Additionally, a statistically significant radial trend in the P-L relation is found which does not appear to be explained by metallicity.
description: 17 pages, 15 figures
Compound Chondrules fused Cold
Creators: name: Hubbard, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: About 4-5% of chondrules are compound: two separate chondrules stuck together. This is commonly believed to be the result of the two component chondrules having collided shortly after forming, while still molten. This allows high velocity impacts to result in sticking. However, at T ~ 1100K, the temperature below which chondrules collide as solids (and hence usually bounce), coalescence times for droplets of appropriate composition are measured in tens of seconds. Even at 1025K, at which temperature theory predicts that the chondrules must have collided extremely slowly to have stuck together, the coalescence time scale is still less than an hour. These coalescence time scales are too short for the collision of molten chondrules to explain the observed frequency of compound chondrules. We suggest instead a scenario where chondrules stuck together in slow collisions while fully solid; and the resulting chondrule pair was subsequently briefly heated to a temperature in the range of 900-1025K. In that temperature window the coalescence time is finite but long, covering a span of hours to a decade. This is particularly interesting because those temperatures are precisely the critical window for thermally ionized MRI activity, so compound chondrules provide a possible probe into that vital regime.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, 1 table. Accepted, Icarus
Absolute temperature imaging using intermolecular multiple quantum MRI
Creators: name: Jenista, E.R.
name: Branca, R.T.
name: Warren, W.S.
Publisher: name: Informa Healthcare
Year: 2010

description: Purpose: A review of MRI temperature imaging methods based on intermolecular multiple quantum coherences (iMQCs) is presented. Temperature imaging based on iMQCs can provide absolute temperature maps that circumvent the artefacts that other proton frequency shift techniques suffer from such as distortions to the detected temperature due to susceptibility changes and magnetic field inhomogeneities. Thermometry based on iMQCs is promising in high-fat tissues such as the breast, since it relies on the fat signal as an internal reference. This review covers the theoretical background of iMQCs, and the necessary adaptations for temperature imaging using iMQCs. Materials and methods: Data is presented from several papers on iMQC temperature imaging. These studies were done at 7T in both phantoms and in vivo. Results from phantoms of cream (homogeneous mixture of water and fat) are presented as well as in vivo temperature maps in obese mice. Results: Thermometry based on iMQCs offers the potential to provide temperature maps which are free of artefacts due to susceptibility and magnetic field inhomogeneities, and detect temperature on an absolute scale. Conclusions: The data presented in the papers reviewed highlights the promise of iMQC-based temperature imaging in fatty tissues such as the breast. The change in susceptibility of fat with temperature makes standard proton frequency shift methods (even with fat suppression) challenging and iMQC-based imaging offers an alternative approach.
Imaging the Expanding Shell of SN 2011dh
Creators: name: de Witt, A.
name: Bietenholz, M. F.
name: Kamble, A.
name: Soderberg, A. M.
name: Brunthaler, A.
name: Zauderer, B.
name: Bartel, N.
name: Rupen, M. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on third epoch VLBI observations of the radio-bright supernova SN 2011dh located in the nearby (7.8 Mpc) galaxy M51. The observations took place at $t=453$ d after the explosion and at a frequency of 8.4 GHz. We obtained a fairly well resolved image of the shell of SN 2011dh, making it one of only six recent supernovae for which resolved images of the ejecta are available. SN 2011dh has a relatively clear shell morphology, being almost circular in outline, although there may be some asymmetry in brightness around the ridge. By fitting a spherical shell model directly to the visibility measurements we determine the angular radius of SN 2011dh's radio emission to be $636 \pm 29$ $μ$as. At a distance of 7.8 Mpc, this angular radius corresponds to a linear radius of $(7.4 \pm 0.3) \times 10^{16}$ cm and an average expansion velocity since the explosion of $19000^{+2800}_{-2400}$ kms$^{-1}$. We combine our VLBI measurements of SN 2011dh's radius with values determined from the radio spectral energy distribution under the assumption of a synchrotron-self-absorbed spectrum, and find all the radii are consistent with a power-law evolution, with $R \sim t^{0.97\pm0.01}$, implying almost free expansion over the period $t=4$ d to 453 d.
description: Accepted in MNRAS
Resource analysis of quantum algorithms for coarse-grained protein folding models
Creators: name: Linn, Hanna
name: Brundin, Isak
name: García-Álvarez, Laura
name: Johansson, Göran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Protein folding processes are a vital aspect of molecular biology that is hard to simulate with conventional computers. Quantum algorithms have been proven superior for certain problems and may help tackle this complex life science challenge. We analyze the resource requirements for simulating protein folding on a quantum computer, assessing this problem's feasibility in the current and near-future technological landscape. We calculate the minimum number of qubits, interactions, and two-qubit gates necessary to build a heuristic quantum algorithm with the specific information of a folding problem. Particularly, we focus on the resources needed to build quantum operations based on the Hamiltonian linked to the protein folding models for a given amino acid count. Such operations are a fundamental component of these quantum algorithms, guiding the evolution of the quantum state for efficient computations. Specifically, we study course-grained folding models on the lattice and the fixed backbone side-chain conformation model and assess their compatibility with the constraints of existing quantum hardware given different bit-encodings. We conclude that the number of qubits required falls within current technological capabilities. However, the limiting factor is the high number of interactions in the Hamiltonian, resulting in a quantum gate count unavailable today.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures
(500924) Maude [Alice] Brown
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Monitoring Count Time Series in R: Aberration Detection in Public Health Surveillance
Creators: name: Maëlle, Salmon
name: Dirk, Schumacher
name: Michael, Höhle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Public health surveillance aims at lessening disease burden, e.g., in case of infectious diseases by timely recognizing emerging outbreaks. Seen from a statistical perspective, this implies the use of appropriate methods for monitoring time series of aggregated case reports. This paper presents the tools for such automatic aberration detection offered by the R package surveillance. We introduce the functionality for the visualization, modelling and monitoring of surveillance time series. With respect to modelling we focus on univariate time series modelling based on generalized linear models (GLMs), multivariate GLMs, generalized additive models and generalized additive models for location, shape and scale. This ranges from illustrating implementational improvements and extensions of the well-known Farrington algorithm, e.g, by spline-modelling or by treating it in a Bayesian context. Furthermore, we look at categorical time series and address overdispersion using beta-binomial or Dirichlet-Multinomial modelling. With respect to monitoring we consider detectors based on either a Shewhart-like single timepoint comparison between the observed count and the predictive distribution or by likelihood-ratio based cumulative sum methods. Finally, we illustrate how surveillance can support aberration detection in practice by integrating it into the monitoring workflow of a public health institution. Altogether, the present article shows how well surveillance can support automatic aberration detection in a public health surveillance context.
Hybrid Focal and Full-Range Attention Based Graph Transformers
Creators: name: Zhu, Minhong
name: Zhao, Zhenhao
name: Cai, Weiran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The paradigm of Transformers using the self-attention mechanism has manifested its advantage in learning graph-structured data. Yet, Graph Transformers are capable of modeling full range dependencies but are often deficient in extracting information from locality. A common practice is to utilize Message Passing Neural Networks (MPNNs) as an auxiliary to capture local information, which however are still inadequate for comprehending substructures. In this paper, we present a purely attention-based architecture, namely Focal and Full-Range Graph Transformer (FFGT), which can mitigate the loss of local information in learning global correlations. The core component of FFGT is a new mechanism of compound attention, which combines the conventional full-range attention with K-hop focal attention on ego-nets to aggregate both global and local information. Beyond the scope of canonical Transformers, the FFGT has the merit of being more substructure-aware. Our approach enhances the performance of existing Graph Transformers on various open datasets, while achieves compatible SOTA performance on several Long-Range Graph Benchmark (LRGB) datasets even with a vanilla transformer. We further examine influential factors on the optimal focal length of attention via introducing a novel synthetic dataset based on SBM-PATTERN.
Application of mixed spin iMQCs for temperature and chemical-selective imaging
Creators: name: Jenista, E.R.
name: Stokes, A.M.
name: Galiana, G.
name: Branca, R.T.
name: Yarmolenko, P.S.,
name: Dewhirst, M.W.
name: Warren, W.S.
Publisher: name: Academic Press Inc.
Year: 2010

description: The development of accurate and non-invasive temperature imaging techniques has a wide variety of applications in fields such as medicine, chemistry and materials science. Accurate detection of temperature both in phantoms and in vivo can be obtained using iMQCs (intermolecular multiple quantum coherences), as demonstrated in a recent paper [1]. This paper describes the underlying theory of iMQC temperature detection, as well as extensions of that work allowing not only for imaging of absolute temperature but also for imaging of analyte concentrations through chemically-selective spin density imaging.
B2G4: A synthetic data pipeline for the integration of Blender models in Geant4 simulation toolkit
Creators: name: Rodriguez, Angel Bueno
name: Sattler, Felix
name: Prada, Maximilian Perez
name: Stephan, Maurice
name: Barnes, Sarah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The correctness and precision of particle physics simulation software, such as Geant4, is expected to yield results that closely align with real-world observations or well-established theoretical predictions. Notably, the accuracy of these simulated outcomes is contingent upon the software's capacity to encapsulate detailed attributes, including its prowess in generating or incorporating complex geometrical constructs. While the imperatives of precision and accuracy are essential in these simulations, the need to manually code highly detailed geometries emerges as a salient bottleneck in developing software-driven physics simulations. This research proposes Blender-to-Geant4 (B2G4), a modular data workflow that utilizes Blender to create 3D scenes, which can be exported as geometry input for Geant4. B2G4 offers a range of tools to streamline the creation of simulation scenes with multiple complex geometries and realistic material properties. Here, we demonstrate the use of B2G4 in a muon scattering tomography application to image the interior of a sealed steel structure. The modularity of B2G4 paves the way for the designed scenes and tools to be embedded not only in Geant4, but in other scientific applications or simulation software.
description: submitted for review at the Muographers 2023 conference. Initial version. 6 pages, 4 figures
Energy efficient Bayesian synapses
Creators: name: Malkin, James
name: O'Donnell, Cian
name: Houghton, Conor
name: Aitchison, Laurence
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Bayesian Synapses, synaptic plasticity, Bayesian plasticity, energy efficient learning

description: Recent work (Aitchison et al. 2021) proposes probabilistic synaptic sampling; moreover, that synaptic plasticity performs Bayesian inference. In this paradigm, the settings of synaptic weights are parameters to be inferred from noisy sensory input and feedback. Model uncertainty may be expressed via variation in synaptic weights. However, stochastic synapses invoke unreliability which may be detrimental to performance, yet unreliability is a hallmark of biologically synapses. We consider an evolutionary imperative to balance performance with energy-use. The proposed trade-off casts energetic efficiency as a constraint on synaptic physiology. We consider the physiological costs of reliable transmission; and whether the resulting energy efficient learning objective may induce probabilistic synapses that mirror the Bayesian posterior.
description: {"references": ["Aitchison, L., Jegminat, J., Menendez, J.A. et al. Synaptic plasticity as Bayesian inference. Nat Neurosci 24, 565\u2013571 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41593-021-00809-5"]}
State-of-the-art review and synthesis: A requirement-based roadmap for standardized predictive maintenance automation using digital twin technologies
Creators: name: Ma, Sizhe
name: Flanigan, Katherine A.
name: Bergés, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Recent digital advances have popularized predictive maintenance (PMx), offering enhanced efficiency, automation, accuracy, cost savings, and independence in maintenance processes. Yet, PMx continues to face numerous limitations such as poor explainability, sample inefficiency of data-driven methods, complexity of physics-based methods, and limited generalizability and scalability of knowledge-based methods. This paper proposes leveraging Digital Twins (DTs) to address these challenges and enable automated PMx adoption on a larger scale. While DTs have the potential to be transformative, they have not yet reached the maturity needed to bridge these gaps in a standardized manner. Without a standard definition guiding this evolution, the transformation lacks a solid foundation for development. This paper provides a requirement-based roadmap to support standardized PMx automation using DT technologies. Our systematic approach comprises two primary stages. First, we methodically identify the Informational Requirements (IRs) and Functional Requirements (FRs) for PMx, which serve as a foundation from which any unified framework must emerge. Our approach to defining and using IRs and FRs as the backbone of any PMx DT is supported by the proven success of these requirements as blueprints in other areas, such as product development in the software industry. Second, we conduct a thorough literature review across various fields to assess how these IRs and FRs are currently being applied within DTs, enabling us to identify specific areas where further research is needed to support the progress and maturation of requirement-based PMx DTs.
description: This paper has been accepted for publication in Advanced Engineering Informatics (2024)
(500923) William Henry Christopher Macartney
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
OPEUS D8.1 - Dissemination Plan
Creators: name: Partner-UNEW
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: This report defines the Dissemination Plan, comprising Deliverable 8.1, for the OPEUS project and describes the materials and strategies that will be used to facilitate the wide-spread of information and knowledge of the results created by the project. The Plan was developed in association with UIC as the lead for WP8 “Engagement” and all WP Partners in line with the project’s Description of Action (DoA) as approved by the European Commission. It reinforces the Terms and Conditions relating to Dissemination in “Grant Agreement number: 730827 — OPEUS”. The dissemination of OPEUS will be carried out with the cooperation of all Work Packages. Once the context of the OPEUS project and WP8 “Engagement” has been introduced, this report highlights the components of a Dissemination Plan covering internal and external activities, aimed at raising awareness of the project and to encourage industry participation in its practical aspects. These include, the creation of a project identity and website, definition of the target audience, communication channels to be used, publication of results in various media including OPEUS’s involvement in the H2020 Open Research Data pilot, the organization of dissemination events, the participation to external events, and the contributions of an Advisory Board. We also touch upon the importance of recognising IPR and related issues and confirm how OPEUS will organise the reporting of dissemination activities to the Shift2Rail JU and EC.
Biochemical analysis of ScpA-C5a interactions: a model system for studies of substrate specificity in cell envelope proteases from gram positive bacteria
Creators: name: Tęcza, Małgorzata
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The kinetic and thermodynamic parameters for the ScpA-C5a complex formation were measured by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). These studies showed that C5a was bound with high affinity (34 nM) to ScpA, that the majority of interactions was provided by C5a core, and that the C-terminal R74 contributed the majority of the energy provided by the tail. The association of the complex was dominated by favourable enthalpy with a small contribution of favourable entropy. Furthermore, it was shown that the long-range electrostatic interactions were important for bringing the substrate to the surface of the enzyme.The functional role of the ScpA domain in the proteolytic activity and in the substrate binding was investigated. This study demonstrated that the ScpA C-terminal fibronectin type III-like domains were essential for the proper folding and stability of the N-terminal domains. All domains were required for maximal proteolytic activity of ScpA towards human C5a. Progressive truncation at the C-terminus led to the complete loss of the enzymatic activity. The Fn2 domain was essential for the hydrolysis activity of the enzyme, which could be due to its exo-site role in binding the substrate. The PA domain was not essential for substrate cleavage but needed for maximal performance of the enzyme. This domain contributed to the specificity of ScpA.C5a core residues involved in the salt bridges with ScpA in the published model were tested. Alanine substitution and SPR analysis revealed that the residues located in the N-terminal region of C5a core and helix IV were not involved in ionic interactions with ScpA. These results showed inconsistences with the published model of the complex. Therefore, a new model was proposed, which accounted for the new experimental information. This model placed C5a core on the Fn2 domain with the tail bound in an extended form in the active site and making contacts with Cat and PA domains. Heilx II and III of the core were facing down on the Fn2 with helix I creating weak hydrophobic interactions.The ability of ScpA to bind and cleave mouse C5a was tested. These tests showed that mouse C5a bound to ScpA with 50-fold lower affinity than human C5a, and that the enzyme was not able to hydrolyse this protein. The studies suggest that the role of ScpA in the streptococcal virulence should not be investigated in a murine model.
Dynamical Photon Spheres in Charged Black Holes and Naked Singularities
Creators: name: Heydarzade, Yaghoub
name: Vertogradov, Vitalii
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To understand the nature of a black hole shadow in dynamical spacetimes, we construct an analytical model of a dynamical photon sphere in the context of the Bonnor-Vaidya spacetime. Comparing the resulting photon sphere radius with the one in Vaidya spacetime, we find that the charge always decreases the radius of the photon sphere. We also prove that a naked singularity in Bonnor-Vaidya spacetime, unlike the static Reissner-Nordstrom naked singularity, may cast a shadow, and as a result, it cannot be distinguished from a black hole through its shadow.
description: 10 pages
Curvature Singularity in f(R) Theories of Gravity
Creators: name: Dutta, Koushik
name: Panda, Sukanta
name: Patel, Avani
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although $f(R)$ modification of late time cosmology is successful in explaining present cosmic acceleration, it is difficult to satisfy the fifth-force constraint simultaneously. Even when the fifth-force constraint is satisfied, the effective scalar degree of freedom may move to a point (close to its potential minima) in the field space where the Ricci scalar diverges. We elucidate this point further with a specific example of $f(R)$ gravity that incorporates several viable $f(R)$ gravity models in the literature. In particular, we show that the nonlinear evolution of the scalar field in pressureless contracting dust can easily lead to the curvature singularity, making this theory unviable.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, minor changes in the text, a few references added
OPEUS D5.1 - Traction chain architecture characterisation
Creators: name: Partner-UROS
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: The work presented in this deliverable D05.1 has been carried out in the framework of the collaboration agreement between OPEUS and the Shift2Rail Members project FINE1 (Grant agreement No. 730818). The present work is also in close relation with the work carried out in WP02, where OPEUS simulation tool has been developed. This document presents a description of the traction system and auxiliaries parameter based on the vehicle architecture. The general defined vehicle architecture depends on the catenary voltage system, from which the specific architecture for each scenario (urban, regional, high-speed and freight) can be elaborated. A specific conventional tram architecture is presented as example, where all traction components (converters, traction motors, etc.) are also defined and described. At the end of the report there is a proposal of some topologies as well as some energy and management strategies in order to run simulations and to investigate possible measures for reduction of energy losses in task 5.2 of OPEUS project.
Dimensional Crossover in a Quantum Gas of Light
Creators: name: Umesh, Kirankumar Karkihalli
name: Schulz, Julian
name: Schmitt, Julian
name: Weitz, Martin
name: von Freymann, Georg
name: Vewinger, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dimensionality of a system profoundly influences its physical behaviour, leading to the emergence of different states of matter in many-body quantum systems. In lower dimensions, fluctuations increase and lead to the suppression of long-range order. For example, in bosonic gases, Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) in one dimension requires stronger confinement than in two dimensions. We experimentally study the properties of a harmonically trapped photon gas undergoing Bose-Einstein condensation along the dimensional crossover from one to two dimensions. The photons are trapped in a dye microcavity where polymer nanostructures provide the trapping potential for the photon gas. By varying the aspect ratio of the harmonic trap, we tune from an isotropic two-dimensional confinement to an anisotropic, highly elongated one-dimensional trapping potential. Along this transition we determine the caloric properties of the photon gas and find a softening of the second-order Bose-Einstein condensation phase transition observed in two dimensions to a crossover behaviour in one dimension.
การพัฒนาสื่อแบบบูรณาการด้วยเทคโนโลยี และวิธีการ “การเรียนรู้ร่วมกันผ่านเครือข่ายคอมพิวเตอร์”
Creators: name: พิชัย ทองดีเลิศ
Publisher: name: ศูนย์สนับสนุนและพัฒนาการเรียนการสอน มหาวิทยาลัยรังสิต
Year: 2008
Subjects: -

description: วารสารพัฒนาการเรียนการสอน, 2, 2, 54-58
(500922) J ____ [Sadie] McCormac
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(500921) Evelyn Lewis
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
การวิจัยเพื่อพัฒนาการเรียนการสอน
Creators: name: บุญศรี พรมมาพันธุ์
Publisher: name: ศูนย์สนับสนุนและพัฒนาการเรียนการสอน มหาวิทยาลัยรังสิต
Year: 2008
Subjects: -

description: วารสารพัฒนาการเรียนการสอน, 2, 2, 59-62
Nonequilibrium transport equations and ab initio study of adsorption processes on carbon nanotubes
Creators: name: Vasylenko, A. I.
name: Tokarchuk, M. V.
name: Jurga, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a theoretical study of gas adsorption on carbon nanotubes (CNT) nonequilibrium processes of ionization, polarization, surface diffusion and desorption of atoms are considered self-consistently. The approach is based on Zubarev's method of nonequilibrium statistical operator and reaction-diffusion theory. The set of nonlinear transport equations are obtained for the chosen parameters of description: the average numbers of adsorbed atoms, ionized and polarized atoms in the electromagnetic field of CNT, and the average number of atoms desorbed from the CNT surface. Ab initio simulations are conducted for a "gas-single wall carbon nanotube" system for gases of particular practical interest: He and NO. The obtained values of adsorption energy reveal preferable localization sites of absorbed He atoms as well as their dependency on adsorption distances. A significant effect of NO adsorption on CNT electronic properties is demonstrated. The effect of presence of vacancies on adsorption nature is analyzed. It is shown that under the influence of vacancy formation the CNT structure undergoes reconstruction that enables chemisorption of NO molecules.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
The binary mass transfer origin of the red blue straggler sequence in M30
Creators: name: Xin, Y.
name: Ferraro, F. R.
name: Lu, P.
name: Deng, L.
name: Lanzoni, B.
name: Dalessandro, E.
name: Beccari, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two separated sequences of blue straggler stars (BSSs) have been revealed by Ferraro et al. (2009) in the color-magnitude diagram (CMD) of the Milky Way globular cluster M30. Their presence has been suggested to be related to the two BSS formation channels (namely, collisions and mass-transfer in close binaries) operating within the same stellar system. The blue sequence was indeed found to be well reproduced by collisional BSS models. In contrast, no specific models for mass transfer BSSs were available for an old stellar system like M30. Here we present binary evolution models, including case-B mass transfer and binary merging, specifically calculated for this cluster. We discuss in detail the evolutionary track of a $0.9+0.5 M_\odot$ binary, which spends approximately 4 Gyr in the BSS region of the CMD of a 13 Gyr old cluster. We also run Monte-Carlo simulations to study the distribution of mass transfer BSSs in the CMD and to compare it with the observational data. Our results show that: (1) the color and magnitude distribution of synthetic mass transfer BSSs defines a strip in the CMD that nicely matches the observed red BSS sequence, thus providing strong support to the mass transfer origin for these stars; (2) the CMD distribution of synthetic BSSs never attains the observed location of the blue BSS sequence, thus reinforcing the hypothesis that the latter formed through a different channel (likely collisions); (3) most ($\sim 60\%$) of the synthetic BSSs are produced by mass-transfer models, while the remaining $< 40\%$ requires the contribution from merger models.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, accepted to ApJ
Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) and Neisseria meningitidis carriage in Asia. A Scoping review protocol
Creators: name: Betancur, Estefania
name: Onwuchekwa, chukwuemeka
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Not much is currently known about the burden of IMD in many parts of Asia. Although the incidence is considered low, the presence of high-risk populations within this region and the environmental similarities between parts of this region and the AMB, increases the likelihood that epidemiological “hotspots” may be unreported. Some of these high-risk populations are soldiers, inmates in prisons, students in dormitories and people returning from Hajj. These groups are likely to have a higher risk than the average carriage rate of N. Meningitidis and would benefit from vaccination with conjugate vaccines.
Towards a physics-based modelling of the electro-mechanical coupling in EAPs
Creators: name: Cohen, Noy
name: Menzel, Andreas
name: deBotton, Gal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Due to the increasing number of industrial applications of electro-active polymers (EAPs), there is a growing need for electromechanical models which accurately capture their behavior. To this end, we compare the predicted behavior of EAPs undergoing homogenous deformations according to three electromechanical models. The first model is a continuum based model composed of the mechanical Gent model and a linear relationship between the electric field and the polarization. The electrical and the mechanical responses according to the second model are based on the polymer microstructure, whereas the third model incorporates a neo-Hookean mechanical response and a microstructural based long-chains model for the electrical behavior. In the microstructural motivated models the integration from the microscopic to the macroscopic levels is accomplished by the micro-sphere technique. Four types of homogeneous boundary conditions are considered and the behaviors determined according to the three models are compared. The differences between the predictions of the models are discussed, highlighting the need for an in-depth investigation of the relations between the structure and the behaviors of the EAPs at microscopic level and their overall macroscopic response.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures
(500920) Ernest Richard Parke
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(500919) Mabel Lucy Parke
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.