cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quantum groups and Hadamard matrices
Creators: name: Banica, Teodor
name: Nicoara, Remus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L65 (05B20, 46L37)

description: To any complex Hadamard matrix we associate a quantum permutation group. The correspondence is not one-to-one, but the quantum group encapsulates a number of subtle properties of the matrix. We investigate various aspects of the construction: compatibility to product operations, characterization of matrices which give usual groups, explicit computations for small matrices.
description: 22 pages
CLARIAH-DE Work Package 6: Organisational Infrastructure / Administrative Office
Creators: name: Buddenbohm, Stefan
name: Friedrichs, Sonja
name: Rißler-Pipka, Nanette
name: Stein, Regine
name: Walker, Nathalie
name: Weimer, Lukas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: CLARIAH-DE
CLARIAH
Vollversammlung
General Assembly
Research Infrastructure
Organisational Infrastructure

description: This poster summarizes the results of the CLARIAH-DE Work Package 6: Organisational Infrastructure / Administrative Office. Work package (WP) 6 is tasked with the organisational development of CLARIAH-DE.
 The implementation of the rules of procedure and the project coordination is ensured by the CLARIAH-DE Office at the Göttingen State and University Library and the University of Tübingen.
 WP 6 TASKS Coordinating the consortium Organising committee meetings Setting up a joint helpdesk Maintaining the connection to CLARIN ERIC and DARIAH ERIC Enabling further collaborations with the European research landscape Further development of the NFDI

description: Funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research. Funding Reference Number 01UG1910 A to I.
High-pressure structural study of a-Mn: solving a three decades-old mystery
Creators: name: Magad-Weiss, Logan K.
name: Adeleke, Adebayo A.
name: Greenberg, Eran
name: Prakapenka, Vitali B.
name: Yao, Yansun
name: Stavrou, Elissaios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Manganese, in the a-Mn structure, has been studied using synchrotron powder x-ray diffraction in a diamond anvil cell up to 220 GPa at room temperature combined with density functional calculations (DFT). The experiment reveals an extended pressure stability of the a-Mn phase up to the highest pressure of this study, in contrast with previous experimental and theoretical studies. On the other hand, calculations reveal that the previously predicted hcp-Mn phase becomes lower in enthalpy than the a-Mn phase above 160 GPa. The apparent discrepancy is explained due to a substantial electron transfer between Mn ions, which stabilizes the a-Mn phase through the formation of ionic bonding between monatomic ions under pressure.
Το μουσουλμανικό εορτολόγιο: σχέσεις και διαφορές μεταξύ σουνιτικού και σιιτικού κύκλου εορτών
Creators: name: Καταφυλής, Ευάγγελος Νικόλαος
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2008
Subjects: Ισλάμ
Σονίτες
Σιίτες
Εορτολόγιο
Ημερολόγιο
Μωάμεθ
Islam
Sunnis
Shias
Feasts
Calendar
Muhammed

description: Το θέμα της μεταπτυχιακής μου εργασίας είναι το μουσουλμανικό εορτολόγιο στο σουνιτικό και σιιτικό κύκλο εορτών. Συγκεκριμένα, η εργασία μου αναφέρεται στην περιγραφή των κυριότερων μουσουλμανικών εορτών, που εορτάζονται κατά τη διάρκεια του ισλαμικού χρόνου και το ρόλο που διαδραματίζουν στη ζωή των πιστών. Πιο ειδικά, η εργασία αποτελείται από τέσσερα κεφάλαια. Το πρώτο κεφάλαιο αναφέρεται γενικά στο εορτολόγιο των σουνιτών και σιιτών και στις μεταξύ τους διακρίσεις. Το δεύτερο κεφάλαιο κάνει λόγο για το ισλαμικό ημερολόγιο ως βάση για τον καθορισμό των μουσουλμανικών εορτών, τα χαρακτηριστικά των μηνών και των ημερών. Το τρίτο κεφάλαιο με τη σειρά του περιλαμβάνει τις σημαντικότερες εορτές των σουνιτών, ενώ η εργασία μου ολοκληρώνεται με το τέταρτο κεφάλαιο, που πραγματεύεται τις εορτές της σχισματικής ομάδας του Ισλάμ, τους Σιίτες.
description: This master dissertation entitles the Muslim Festivals in Sunni and Shia tradition. This work refers to the major Muslim Feasts, which are celebrated over the Islamic year and their impact on Muslim community. Specifically, my dissertation consists of four chapters. The first one refers to the two largest denominations of Islam, the Sunnis and Shias and their discriminations, whereas the second one to the Islamic calendar, its role for the determination of the Muslim feasts and to the characteristics of the Islamic months and days. The third chapter describes the origin and celebrations of the most significant Sunnis feasts. Finally, my work is completed with the fourth chapter that deals with the feasts of the second most important Islamic religious community, the Shias.
Θρησκευτική ελευθερία και ελευθερία της τέχνης. Εννομα αγαθά σε σύγκρουση
Creators: name: Τσιαπράκα, Δήμητρα Αγγελου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2008
Subjects: Θρησκεία
Τέχνη
Ατομικές ελευθερίες
Εργο τέχνης
Θρησκευτική πεποίθηση
Religion
Art
Collision
Human rights
Artistic creativity
Christian faith

description: Η ελευθερία της τέχνης και η θρησκευτική ελευθερία αποτελούν ατομικά αγαθά κατοχυρωμένα στο Σύνταγμα και σε διεθνείς συμβάσεις. Τα δύο αυτά έννομα αγαθά έρχονται σε σύγκρουση όταν ένα έργο τέχνης πραγματεύεται θρησκευτικά ζητήματα με τρόπο που αντιτίθεται στις κρατούσες θρησκευτικές αντιλήψεις. Σκοπός της εργασίας είναι να σκιαγραφήσει τη σύγκρουση όπως αυτή εκδηλώθηκε και επιλύθηκε από τη νομολογία και τη θεωρία του δημοσίου δικαίου.
description: Freedom of religion and freedom of artistic creativity are both fundamental human rights consolidated by Constitutions and international treaties. Those human rights are in collision with its other when art is involved in religion issues in such a may that goes against Christian faith. The purpose of the essay is to outline this collision and recommend solutions to the problem.
Η Θεσσαλία κατά την πρώτη περίοδο της οθωμανικής κυριαρχίας: το οθωμανικό διεξοδικό κατάστιχο απογραφής του σαντζακίου των Τρικάλων (1454/55)
Creators: name: Μαλίγκου, Ευαγγελία Χαρίση
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2008
Subjects: Θεσσαλία
Σαντζάκι Τρικάλων
Κατάστιχο απογραφής
Τουραχάν μπέη
Βακούφι
Νοικοκυριό φορολογήσιμη εστία
Thessaly
Sancak of Trikala
Register
Tourahan bey
Monastery property (vakif)
Household taxable home (hane)

description: Η παρούσα εργασία εξετάζει τα ιστορικά γεγονότα που πλαισιώνουν την εποχή που πραγματοποιείται η οθωμανική εισβολή και εγκαθίδρυση της εξουσίας των Οθωμανών στο Θεσσαλικό χώρο. Ασχολείται με την εκκλησιαστική, κοινωνική και διοικητική οργάνωση του χώρου στο 15ο αιώνα. Ωστόσο, το κύριο μέρος της μελέτης αφιερώνεται στην εξέταση, καταγραφή και επεξεργασία των οικονομικών δεδομένων που μας παρέχονται από ένα διεξοδικό φορολογικό κατάστιχο του 1454/55 και οδηγούμαστε σε χρήσιμα συμπεράσματα για την οικονομική και κοινωνική ζωή στη Θεσσαλία κατά τον Υστερο Μεσαίωνα.
description: The study focuses on the historical "context" that surrounds the historic period when the ottoman invasion and establishment of the ottoman power in Thessaly are accomplished. Furthermore, our research deals with the religious, social and administrational organization of Thessaly during 15th century. However, the main subject of the study is to examine, register and work out the financial data that are provided to us by the detailed ottoman register of the years 1454/55 and finally we arrive at some useful conclusions about the economic and social life in Thessaly during the post- Middle Ages.
Η χρήση μορφολογικών στρατηγικών στην ορθογραφημένη γραφή του θέματος λέξεων που ανήκουν στην ίδια οικογένεια
Creators: name: Ζυγούρη, Μαρία Κωνσταντίνου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2008
Subjects: Μορφολογική ενημερότητα
Κατάκτηση γραφής
Ορθογραφική γνώση Ορθογραφία
Ελληνική γλώσσα
Γραφή
Μορφήματα
Morphological awareness
Spelling acquisition
Orthographic knowledge
Greek language
Spelling
Morphemes

description: Η σημασία της χρήσης των μορφημάτων στην ορθογραφημένη γραφή έχει αποδειχθεί σε διάφορες αλφαβητικές γλώσσες και πρόσφατες έρευνες έχουν αποδείξει ότι είναι αδύνατον κάποιος να διαβάζει και να γράφει σωστά χωρίς να λαμβάνει υπόψη του τα μορφήματα. Ευρήματα ερευνών στην Ελληνική αποδεικνύουν το ρόλο των μορφημάτων και της μορφοσυντακτικής ενημερότητας στη γραφή της κατάληξης των λέξεων. Λιγοστές είναι οι έρευνες που μελετούν το ρόλο που παίζουν τα μορφήματα στη γραφή του θέματος των λέξεων και τη σχέση της μορφοσυντακτικής ενημερότητας με την ορθογραφημένη γραφή των θεματικών μορφημάτων των λέξεων που ανήκουν στην ίδια οικογένεια. Η υπόθεση είναι πως αν τα παιδιά Δ΄, Ε΄ και Στ΄ τάξης έχουν αναπτυγμένη μορφοσυντακτική ενημερότητα, τότε θα καταφεύγουν στο διαχωρισμό των μορφημάτων που αποτελούν τη λέξη, θα κατανοούν τη σημασία των μορφημάτων και θα γράφουν σωστά το θεματικό μόρφημα που εμφανίζεται σε λέξεις που ανήκουν στην ίδια οικογένεια. Στην έρευνα συμμετείχαν 123 μαθητές Δ΄ ως Στ΄ τάξης, από τους οποίους ζητήθηκε να γράψουν το θέμα 100 λέξεων και να απαντήσουν σε δύο τεστ μορφοσυντακτικής ενημερότητας. Τα ευρήματα έδειξαν ότι υπάρχει ισχυρή συσχέτιση ανάμεσα στη μορφοσυντακτική ενημερότητα των παιδιών και τη γραφή του θέματος.
description: The importance of the use of the morphemes in spelling has established in different alphabetic languages and recent studies have been shown that it is impossible for someone to read and write correctly without taking into account the morphemes. Research findings in Greek have demonstrated the role of morphemes and morphosyntactic awareness in spelling the end of the words but they have not dealt with the spelling of the stem of the words in Greek. On the basis of these findings the hypothesis that is examined in the present paper is that if students in the 4th, 5th and 6th grade are aware of the morphosyntactic awareness, then they can divide the morphemes of the words, they realize the meaning of these morphemes and therefore they can spell correctly the stem that appears in words that belong to the same family group. 123 students from the 4th to 6th grade were asked to spell the stem of 100 words. Also two test of morphosyntactic awareness were given to them. The results showed that there are significant relations between children's morphosyntactic awareness and the constant spelling of the stem.
A Generalization in Space of Jung's Theorem
Creators: name: Smarandache, Florentin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 51K05

description: Let's have $n$ points in the space such that the maximum distance between any of them is $a$. We prove that there exists a sphere of radius $r \leq a \frac{\sqrt(6)}{4}$ that contains in its interior or on its surface all these points. [This is a generalization of Jung's theorem that he designed for a plane.]
description: 2 pages only
Η σχέση των βασικών ψυχολογικών αναγκών με τα ασκησιογενή συναισθήματα
Creators: name: Τριανταφυλλίδου, Ωραία Μιχαήλ
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2008
Subjects: Θεωρία αυτοκαθορισμού
Ψυχολογική ευεξία
Φυσική δραστηριότητα
Self determination theory
Psychological well being
Physical activity

description: Σκοπός της παρούσας έρευνας ήταν να εξετάσει την σχέση των τριών βασικών ψυχολογικών αναγκών για αυτονομία, ικανότητα και κοινωνικές σχέσεις με τα τέσσερα ασκησιογενή συναισθήματα για αναζωογόνηση, ηρεμία, θετική δέσμευση και εξάντληση στους χώρους άσκησης. Το δείγμα της έρευνας αποτέλεσαν 423 Έλληνες ενήλικες ασκούμενοι που συμμετείχαν σε οργανωμένα προγράμματα άσκησης σε ιδιωτικά και δημοτικά γυμναστήρια. Για την έρευνα χρησιμοποιήθηκαν δύο ερωτηματολόγια. Για να αξιολογηθεί ο βαθμός στον οποίο οι ασκούμενοι αισθάνονται ότι ικανοποιούνται οι τρεις βασικές ψυχολογικές ανάγκες, χρησιμοποιήθηκε η "Κλίμακα των Βασικών Ψυχολογικών Αναγκών στην Ασκηση", ενώ για να εξετάσουμε πόσο ικανοποιούνται τα ασκησιογενή συναισθήματα των συμμετεχόντων χρησιμοποιήθηκε το "Ερωτηματολόγιο των Ασκησιογενών Συναισθημάτων". Τα αποτελέσματα της έρευνας έδειξαν ότι υπάρχει μια ισχυρή θετική πρόβλεψη μεταξύ των βασικών αναγκών με τα ασκησιογενή συναισθήματα όσον αφορά την ηρεμία, την αναζωογόνηση και την θετική δέσμευση ενώ υπήρξε αρνητική πρόβλεψη όσον αφορά την εξάντληση.
description: The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between the psychological needs for autonomy, competence and relatedness with the exercise feelings of revitalization, tranquility, positive engagement and physical exaustion. The sample consisted of 423 Greek exercise participants attending private and community exercise programs. Data collection took place via two questionnaires. The Basic Psychological Needs in Exercise Scale was used to assess the extent to which the participants' psychological needs are satisfied in exercise whereas the Exercise induced Feeling Inventory was used to assess levels of the exercise Feelings. The results showed that the basic psychological needs positively predicted tranquility, revitalization and positive engagement whereas physical exhaustion was negatively predicted by the psychological needs.
Stationary condition in a perturbative approach for mass varying neutrinos
Creators: name: Bernardini, Alex E.
name: Bertolami, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A perturbative approach for arbitrary choices of the equation of state of the universe is introduced in order to treat scenarios for mass varying neutrinos (MaVaN's) coupled to the dark sector. The generalized criterion for the applicability of such an approach is expressed through a constraint on the coefficient of the linear perturbation on the dark sector scalar field. This coefficient depends on the ratio between the variation of the neutrino energy and the scalar field potential. Upon certain conditions, the usual {\em stationary condition} found in the context of MaVaN models together with the perturbative contribution can be employed to predict the dynamical evolution of the neutrino mass. Our results clearly indicate that the positiveness of the squared speed of sound of the coupled fluid and the model stability are not conditioned by the {\em stationary condition}.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
New star clusters discovered towards the Galactic bulge direction using Gaia DR2
Creators: name: Ferreira, Filipe A.
name: Corradi, W. J. B.
name: Maia, F. F. S.
name: Angelo, M. S.
name: Santos, J. F. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of 34 new open clusters and candidates as a result of a systematic search carried out in 200 adjacent fields of 1x1 square degrees area projected towards the Galactic bulge, using Gaia DR2 data. The objects were identified and characterized by a joint analysis of their photometric, kinematic and spatial distribution, which has been consistently used and proved to be effective in our previous works. The discoveries were validated by cross-referencing the objects position and astrometric parameters with the available literature. Besides their coordinates and astrometric parameters, we also provide sizes, ages, distances and reddening for the discovered objects. In particular, 32 clusters are closer than 2 kpc from the Sun, which represents an increment of nearly 39% of objects with astrophysical parameters determined in the nearby inner disk. Although these objects fill an important gap in the open clusters distribution along the Sagittarius arm, this arm, traced by known clusters, appears to be interrupted, which may be an artifact due to the incompleteness of the cluster census.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, Accepted in MNRAS Jan-2021
title: A fully coupled high‐order discontinuous Galerkin solver for viscoelastic fluid flow
Creators: name: Kikker, Anne
name: Kummer, Florian
name: Oberlack, Martin
Publisher: name: John Wiley & Sons
Year: 2024

description: A fully coupled high order discontinuous Galerkin (DG) solver for viscoelastic Oldroyd B fluid flow problems is presented. Contrary to known methods combining DG for the discretization of the convective terms of the material model with standard finite element methods (FEM) and using elastic viscous stress splitting (EVSS) and its derivatives, a local discontinuous Galerkin (LDG) formulation first described for hyperbolic convection‐diffusion problems is used. The overall scheme is described, including temporal and spatial discretization as well as solution strategies for the nonlinear system, based on incremental increase of the Weissenberg number. The solvers suitability is demonstrated for the two‐dimensional confined cylinder benchmark problem. The cylinder is immersed in a narrow channel with a blocking ratio of 1:2 and the drag force of is compared to results from the literature. Furthermore, steady and unsteady calculations give a brief insight into the characteristics of instabilities due to boundary layer phenomena caused by viscoelasticity arising in the narrowing between channel and cylinder.
Τα θεμελιώδη δικαιώματα ως λόγος εξαίρεσης από τους κανόνες της ελεύθερης κυκλοφορίας
Creators: name: Σίμος, Αθανάσιος Αρμενου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2008
Subjects: Θεμελιώδη δικαιώματα
Ελεύθερη κυκλοφορία
Κοινοτικό δίκαιο
Χάρτης θεμελιωδών δικαιωμάτων
Ευρωπαϊκή ιθαγένεια
Fundamental rights
Free movement
EC law
Charter of fundamental rights
European Citizenship

description: Στο πρώτο μέρος της εργασίας κρίνεται απαραίτητο να διερευνηθεί το γενικό πλαίσιο της προστασίας των θεμελιωδών δικαιωμάτων, όπως εξελίχθηκε μέσα από τη νομολογία του. Εξετάζεται ο ρόλος που διαδραμάτισαν μεθοδολογικά οι γενικές αρχές του κοινοτικού δικαίου στη συγκρότηση και διαμόρφωση των θεμελιωδών δικαιωμάτων στην κοινοτική έννομη τάξη. Ακολουθεί μια απόπειρα προσδιορισμού του περιεχομένου των δικαιωμάτων αυτών. Αναγκαίο είναι να διευκρινιστεί η σύνθετη σχέση των θεμελιωδών δικαιωμάτων και των κοινοτικών ελευθεριών. Ο θεσμός της Ευρωπαϊκής Ιθαγένειας ως πηγή δικαιωμάτων και η σημασία που έλαβε μετά από μια σειρά αποφάσεων του ΔΕΚ αποτελεί μέρος της γενικότερης προβληματικής όπως και η συμβολή του Χάρτη των Θεμελιωδών Δικαιωμάτων της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης τόσο σε επίπεδο διαλεκτικής όσο και σε σχέση με την πρακτική συνεισφορά του στην προστασία των δικαιωμάτων.Στο δεύτερο μέρος θα αναλυθεί η συγκρότηση των επιτακτικών αναγκών μέσα από την επισκόπηση της σχετικής νομολογίας του ΔΕΚ. Έπεται η διερεύνηση της επιβεβλημένης στάθμισης σε περίπτωση σύγκρουσης θεμελιωδών δικαιωμάτων και κοινοτικών ελευθεριών στο πλαίσιο εφαρμογής του κοινοτικού δικαίου. Ειδικότερα παρουσιάζονται οι όροι αυτής της σύγκρουσης, ο ρόλος των κοινοτικών οργάνων και των κρατών μελών καθώς και τα ενδεχόμενα αποτελέσματα στους πολίτες της Ένωσης, τους κατ' εξοχήν φορείς δικαιωμάτων. Κύριο μέσο αυτής της έρευνας αποτελούν οι ως τώρα αποφάσεις του ΔΕΚ επί του ζητήματος.
description: The scope of the project is to define the relation between common market freedoms and fundamental rights and the conditions under which the exercise of these rights within the Community legal order can constitute a legitimate cause of derogation from free movement rules. A determination of the exact meaning both of fundamental rights and common market freedoms is considered to be a prerequisite, in order to specify the interconnection between them. It should be also examined under which heading (mandatory requirements or public policy derogation under the Treaty) the protection of fundamental rights falls, especially in sight of the recent case-law.
Universal Anisotropy in Force Networks under Shear
Creators: name: Ostojic, Srdjan
name: Vlugt, Thijs J. H.
name: Nienhuis, Bernard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scaling properties of patterns formed by large contact forces are studied as a function of the applied shear stress, in two-dimensional static packings generated from the force network ensemble. An anisotropic finite-size-scaling analysis shows that the applied shear does not affect the universal scaling properties of these patterns, but simply induces different length scales in the principal directions of the macroscopic stress tensor. The ratio of these length scales quantifies the anisotropy of the force networks, and is found not to depend on the details of the underlying contact network, in contrast with other properties such as the yield stress.
description: 4+ pages, 3 figures
On exceptional Lie geometries
Creators: name: De Schepper, Anneleen
name: Schillewaert, Jeroen
name: Van Maldeghem, Hendrik
name: Victoor, Magali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 51E24, 51B25, 20E42

description: Parapolar spaces are point-line geometries introduced as a geometric approach to (exceptional) algebraic groups. We characterize a wide class of Lie geometries as parapolar spaces satisfying a simple intersection property. In particular many of the exceptional Lie incidence geometries occur. {In an appendix, we extend our result to the locally disconnected case and discuss the locally disconnected case of some other well known characterizations.
description: 29 pages, to appear in Forum of Math. Sigma
Development and characterization of herpes simplex virus type 1 vectors expressing m1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors
Creators: name: Atkinson, Leone Sheila
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This work focuses primarily on the expression of a neurotransmitter receptor gene, the ml muscarinic acetylcholine receptor gene from HSV-1 recombinant viruses. The herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) has a number of biological features that make it an attractive vector for gene transfer into neurons: the virus is neurotropic, has a large genetic carrying capacity, produces high stock titers, and has the ability to establish latency in neurons. Viral-expressed m l receptors were characterized with regards to viral-associated effects on expression, pharmacological properties, and functional activity in tissue culture cells. HSV-1 recombinant viruses were made replication-defective by deletion of the a4 genes encoding the major regulatory protein ICP4. The elimination of ICP4 expression was found to enhance viral-directed ml receptor expression from these recombinant viruses. The 5' noncoding region of the ml receptor gene which contains three potential ICP4 repressor sites was shown to mediate ICP4 effects on viral-directed ml receptor expression. The viral host shutoff protein (vhs) was also eliminated in HSV-1 recombinants, and these recombinant viruses demonstrated reduced viral-associated effects on host polypeptide synthesis and slightly higher levels of viral-directed ml receptor expression. Virally expressed ml receptors maintained their pharmacological and functional properties. An HSV-1 recombinant virus defective in both ICP4 and vhs expression was used to analyze viral-directed ml receptor expression in primary cortical neuron cultures. The developmental age of the cultures influenced ml receptor expression and function in infected neurons. Infected ten-day-old cultures demonstrated maximum viraldirected ml receptor expression, and overexpression of ml receptors in these cultures produced an increase in functional response following muscarinic agoniststimulation. Investigations of ml receptor activities in neurons utilizing the HSV-1 recombinant virus were limited by cytopathic effects associated with viral infection and the lack of an available antibody against the ml receptor. In an effort to overcome these limitations, an HSV-1 amplicon vector expressing antigenic-tagged ml receptors was developed. This vector offered two advantages: firstly, the amplicon vector did not express any viral proteins, and therefore, avoided cytopathic effects associated with the recombinant viruses; and secondly, the attachment of an antigenic tag to the receptor enabled antibody recognition, and therefore, broadened the potential methods of examining viraldirected ml receptor expression. In addition, these studies enabled comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of HSV-1 recombinant viruses and HSV-1 amplicon vectors.
From period to quasi-period to chaos: A continuous spectrum of orbits of charged particles trapped in a dipole magnetic field
Creators: name: Xie, Yuxin
name: Liu, Siming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Via evaluation of the Lyapunov exponent, we report the discovery of three prominent sets of phase space regimes of quasi-periodic orbits of charged particles trapped in a dipole magnetic field. Besides the low energy regime that has been studied extensively and covers more than 10% in each dimension of the phase space of trapped orbits, there are two sets of high energy regimes, the largest of which covers more than 4% in each dimension of the phase space of trapped orbits. Particles in these high energy orbits may be observed in space and be realized in plasma experiments on the Earth. It is well-known that there are quasi-periodic orbits around stable periodic orbits in Hamiltonian systems with 2 degrees of freedom and these quasi-periodic orbits are stable as well. Since periodic orbits appear to have a negligible measure in the phase space, they are difficult to realize in nature. Quasi-periodic orbits, on the other hand, may occupy a finite volume in the 4 dimensional (4D) phase space and be readily detectable. A chaotic orbit has at least one positive Lyapunov exponent. The Lyapunov exponents of quasi-periodic orbits, on the other hand, should be zero. Via calculation of the Lyapunov exponent of orbits of trapped charged particles in a dipole magnetic field, we scanned the corresponding phase space and found several prominent regimes of quasi-periodic orbits associated with stable periodic orbits in the equatorial plane. These regimes appear to be connected to some small regimes of quasi-periodic orbits associated with stable periodic orbits in the Meridian plane. Our numerical results also show a continuous spectrum of these orbits from stable periodic, to quasi-periodic with vanishing Lyapunov exponents, and eventually to chaotic ones with at least one positive Lyapunov exponent and there are unstable periodic orbits with a positive maximum Lyapunov exponent.
Story about Verdena's grandmother and Pedro Freddy
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Escamilla, Ramón
name: Newbold, Lindsey
name: Spence, Justin
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio and video files VP-300810-02: A story about Verdena's grandmother working as a cook at the hotel in Willow Creek and Pedro Freddy getting shot in a bar fight, told in Hupa. The audio recording was previously deposited with the Endangered Language Archive (ELAR) with identifier "0186-20140318 - Verdena's grandmother working at the hotel," part of the collection "Expanding the Documentation and Description of Hupa (Athabaskan)" (collection ID hupa-campbell-0186).
Ο θεσμός της αναγκαστικής απαλλοτρίωσης και η προστασία του καθού λόγω στέρησης της ιδιοκτησίας του
Creators: name: Παπαδοπούλου, Μελπομένη Νικολάου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2008
Subjects: Compulsory expropriation
Property
Declaration
Compensation
Completion
Reversion
Αναγκαστική απαλλοτρίωση
Ιδιοκτησία
Κήρυξη
Αποζημίωση
Συντέλεση
Ανάκληση

description: Αντικείμενο της παρούσας εργασίας είναι ο θεσμός της αναγκαστικής απαλλοτρίωσης και η προστασία του καθού λόγω αφαίρεσης της ιδιοκτησίας του. Ο ανωτέρω θεσμός περιγράφεται ως μορφή περιουσιακής στέρησης, με αναφορά στα επιμέρους στάδια της ακολουθούμενης διαδικασίας και την παρεχόμενη στο θιγόμενο ιδιοκτήτη προστασία, στα πλαίσια της εσωτερικής έννομης τάξης, σε συνδυασμό με κοινοτικές, νομοθετικές και νομολογιακές, επιρροές.Η εργασία αποτελείται από δύο μέρη. Το πρώτο αφορά τη συνταγματική κατοχύρωση της αναγκαστικής απαλλοτρίωσης και τα επιμέρους στάδια της παραπάνω διαδικασίας. Στο δεύτερο μέρος παρουσιάζεται η καταβολή αποζημίωσης και ο θεσμός της άρσης - ανάκλησης της αναγκαστικής απαλλοτρίωσης ως μέσα προστασίας του καθού λόγω αφαίρεσης της περιουσίας του. Τέλος, στον επίλογο ακολουθούν ορισμένες διαπιστώσεις για τη λειτουργία του θεσμού της αναγκαστικής απαλλοτρίωσης και της ιδιοκτησιακής προστασίας στην πράξη σε σχέση με την ισχύουσα νομοθεσία και την πρόσφατη νομολογία.
description: This article deals with the institution of compulsory expropriation and the affected owner's legal protection. The above institution is described as a form of forfeiture of private property, with reference to the specific stages of the following procedure and the owner's provided protection, within the limits of the domestic law and order, in combination with communal, legislative influences and the relevant jurisprudence.The article consists of two parts. The first concerns the constitutional consolidation of compulsory expropriation and the description of each part of the above procedure. The second part refers to the paying of compensation and the reversion of expropriation as means for the owner's protection, which is dispossessed of his/her property. As a conclusion, several ascertainments about the function of the institution of expropriation and the protection of property in practice are set out with regard to the operative legislation and the recent case - law.
A Bit Rate Bound on Superluminal Communication
Creators: name: Tong, Xi
name: Wang, Yi
name: Zhu, Yuhang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study semi-classical communication in positivity-violating k-essence scalar field theories, with superluminal modes propagating on a rolling background. The self-interactions due to the non-linear nature of these theories pose a constraint on the rate of superluminal information transfer. We derive a novel bit rate bound on superluminal communication within a conceptual model, to which a general class of k-essence theories naturally reduces. Our result implies the possibility that, even if these positivity-violating k-essence theories may not possess a maximal information propagation speed, there is nevertheless an upper bound on the rate of information transfer.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Record of Lake Levels, March 10, 1932
Creators: name: [Unknown]
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Record of measurements of lake levels at various points, including Wentworth House Level, Reservoir Level, and Munro's Corner level, dated March 10, 1932, recorded by an Unknown Author; Notes that Okanagan Lake is lower than Wood's Lake by 164 ft.
title: Thermal depolarization and electromechanical hardening in Zn²⁺‐doped Na₁/₂Bi₁/₂TiO₃‐BaTiO₃
Creators: name: Kodumudi Venkataraman, Lalitha
name: Zhu, Tingting
name: Pinto Salazar, Monica
name: Hofmann, Kathrin
name: Iqbal Waidha, Aamir
name: Jaud, J. C.
name: Groszewicz, Pedro B.
name: Rödel, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Wiley-Blackwell
Year: 2024

description: Na₁/₂Bi₁/₂TiO₃‐based materials have been earmarked for one of the first large‐volume applications of lead‐free piezoceramics in high‐power ultrasonics. Zn²⁺‐doping is demonstrated as a viable route to enhance the thermal depolarization temperature and electromechanically harden (1‐y)Na₁/₂Bi₁/₂TiO₃‐yBaTiO₃ (NBT100yBT) with a maximum achievable operating temperature of 150 °C and mechanical quality factor of 627 for 1 mole % Zn²⁺‐doped NBT6BT. Although quenching from sintering temperatures has been recently touted to enhance TF‐R, with quenching the doped compositions featuring an additional increase in TF‐R by 17 °C, it exhibits negligible effect on the electromechanical properties. The effect is rationalized considering the missing influence on conductivity and therefore, negligible changes in the defect chemistry upon quenching. High‐resolution diffraction indicates that Zn²⁺‐doped samples favor the tetragonal phase with enhanced lattice distortion, further corroborated by ²³Na Nuclear Magnetic Resonance investigations.
Transcription of "Dog and Coyote"
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Newbold, Lindsey
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio file VP-300810-01: Transcription of the story of Dog and Coyote (file VP-071109-16), from 2:40 to 4:43. At the beginning of the file, the recording is identified as the second of the day, but no earlier file exists. Presumably the first 2:40 of the story was transcribed earlier in the day, but no recording of the session was produced, possibly due to a technical malfunction.
What's wrong with Mindanao? The unequal development in the Philippines
Creators: name: Latiph, Acram
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Income distribution Philippines Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao.
subject: Economic development Philippines Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao.
subject: Mindanao Island (Philippines) Politics and government
subject: Mindanao Island (Philippines) History Automony and independence movements.

description: This thesis presents four papers on unequal development in the Philippines. The first paper investigates the dynamics of provincial per capita income growth. Results show that income disparities across provinces are increasing over time. There is also evidence of income club convergence where provinces are clustering into high, middle, and low-income groups. The second paper focuses on the determinants of provincial per capita income growth. Results show that the effects of growth determinants vary, depending on whether a province is fast growing or lagging behind. This means lagging provinces have more to gain from additional infrastructure and drop in fertility compared to fast growing provinces. The third paper investigates the role of conflict in the development dichotomy in Mindanao. Evidences suggest that conflict disrupts economic activity, damages social cohesion, polarises society, breeds lawlessness, and creates insecurity resulting to poor development outcomes in conflict-affected provinces. The fourth paper probes the role of political clientelism and its effect on the socio-economic development in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM). A region-wide survey data is employed to investigate the existence of clientelism. Results show that clientelism is strongly embedded in the political landscape of ARMM. Key informant interviews and focus group discussions reveal that local executives tend to keep their area impoverished and use government resources to sustain clientelistic relationships. These findings suggest that central government should prioritise poor and lagging provinces in order to achieve a more inclusive growth. On ARMM, rectifying the extractive local politics is needed to hasten development in the region.
Measuring Cosmological Distances Using Cluster Edges as a Standard Ruler
Creators: name: Wagoner, Erika L.
name: Rozo, Eduardo
name: Aung, Han
name: Nagai, Daisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The line-of-sight velocity dispersion profile of galaxy clusters exhibits a "kink" corresponding to the spatial extent of orbiting galaxies. Because the spatial extent of a cluster is correlated with the amplitude of the velocity dispersion profile, we can utilise this feature as a gravity-calibrated standard ruler. Specifically, the amplitude of the velocity dispersion data allows us to infer the physical cluster size. Consequently, observations of the angular scale of the "kink" in the profile can be translated into a distance measurement to the cluster. Assuming the relation between cluster radius and cluster velocity dispersion can be calibrated from simulations, we forecast that with existing data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) we will be able to measure the Hubble constant with $3\%$ precision. Implementing our method with data from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) will result in a $1.3\%$ measurement of the Hubble constant. Adding cosmological supernova data improves the uncertainty of the DESI measurement to $0.7\%$.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, to be submitted to MNRAS
Two-Frequency Radiative Transfer and Asymptotic Solution
Creators: name: Fannjiang, Albert C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-frequency radiative transfer (2f-RT) theory is developed for classical waves in random media. Depending on the ratio of the wavelength to the scale of medium fluctuation 2f-RT equation is either a Boltzmann-like integral equation with a complex-valued kernel or a Fokker-Planck-like differential equation with complex-valued coefficients in the phase space. The 2f-RT equation is used to estimate three physical parameters: the spatial spread, the coherence length and the coherence bandwidth (Thouless frequency). A closed form solution is given for the boundary layer behavior of geometrical radiative transfer and shows highly nontrivial dependence of mutual coherence on the spatial displacement and frequency difference. It is shown that the paraxial form of 2f-RT arises naturally in anisotropic media which fluctuate slowly in the longitudinal direction.
description: Typos corrected
Ανίχνευση αντίγραφων εικόνων με χρήση στην προστασία πνευματικών δικαιωμάτων
Creators: name: Σιδηρόπουλος, Παναγιώτης Χαραλάμπους
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2008
Subjects: Πνευματικά δικαιώματα
Αντίγραφο
Ανίχνευση
Χαρακτηριστικό διάνυσμα
Ψηφιακή εικόνα
Υδατογράφηση
Copyright
Replica
Image
Detection
Query
Feature

description: Με την ανάπτυξη του ίντερνετ και της ψηφιακής τεχνολογίας η προστασία πνευματικών δικαιωμάτων δεδωμένων αντιμετωπίζει νέα, άγνωστα στο παρελθόν προβλήματα (παράνομη αντιγραφή, οικειοποίηση κλπ.) Προκειμένου να αναπτύξουμε ένα σύστημα προστασίας πνευματικών δικαιωμάτων ψηφιακών εικόνων, καταφεύγουμε σε μια τεχνική εξώρυξης κάποιων χαρακτηριστικών διανυσμάτων από κάθε ψηφιακή εικόνα τα οποία θεωρούμε μοναδικά σ' αυτήν. Αρχικά, στην διπλωματική εργασία αυτή, παρουσιάζουμε τα δισεπίλυτα προβλήματα που παρουσιάζει η κλασσική μέθοδος της υδατογράφησης. Στη συνέχεια, περιγράφουμε διάφορες μεθόδους εξώρυξης χαρακτηριστικών διανυσμάτων (Κεφάλαιο 2), τεχνικές αποθήκευσης και αξιόπιστης αναζήτησης σε βάσεις δεδομένων χαρακτηριστικών διανυσμάτων (Κεφάλαιο 3), μετρικές σύγκρισης ομοιότητας (Κεφάλαιο 4), αξιολόγησης των αποτελεσμάτων (Κεφάλαιο 5) και τέλος ένα πρακτικό σύστημα ανίχνευσης αντιγράφων με βάση το περιεχόμενο το οποίο παρουσιάζει ικανοποιητικά αποτελέσματα και μπορεί να χρησιμοποιηθεί στην πράξη (Κεφάλαιο 6)
description: In this thesis an analysis of replica detection systems is presented. Recent technological advances in the area of multimedia content distribution have resulted in a major reorganization of this trade. Valuable digital artworks can be reproduced and distributed arbitrarily without any control by the copyright owners. At first, we demonstrate watermarking inability to protect efficiently digital images (Chapter 1). In Chapter 2, feature vector extraction techniques that can be used in copyright protection are described. Next, we analyze indexing (Chapter 3), similarity measure metrics (Chapter 4) and evaluation of the results (Chapter 5). Finally, novel replica detection algorithm with satisfactory results is presented in Chapter 6.
The sutured Floer homology polytope
Creators: name: Juhasz, Andras
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M27, 57R58

description: In this paper, we extend the theory of sutured Floer homology developed by the author. We first prove an adjunction inequality, and then define a polytope P(M,g) in H^2(M,\partial M; R) that is spanned by the Spin^c-structures which support non-zero Floer homology groups. If (M,g) --> (M',g') is a taut surface decomposition, then a natural map projects P(M',g') onto a face of P(M,g); moreover, if H_2(M) = 0, then every face of P(M,g) can be obtained in this way for some surface decomposition. We show that if (M,g) is reduced, horizontally prime, and H_2(M) = 0, then P(M,g) is maximal dimensional in H^2(M,\partial M; R). This implies that if rk(SFH(M,g)) < 2^{k+1} then (M,g) has depth at most 2k. Moreover, SFH acts as a complexity for balanced sutured manifolds. In particular, the rank of the top term of knot Floer homology bounds the topological complexity of the knot complement, in addition to simply detecting fibred knots.
description: 37 pages, 4 figures, improved exposition
title: Exergoeconomic analysis of a pumped heat electricity storage system based on a Joule/Brayton cycle
Creators: name: Dietrich, Axel
name: Dammel, Frank
name: Stephan, Peter
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2024

description: Storing electrical energy in the form of thermal energy, pumped heat electricity storage (PHES) systems are a location‐independent alternative to established storage technologies. Detailed analyses, considering the transient operation of PHES systems based on commercially available or state‐of‐the‐art technology, are currently not publicly accessible. In this work, numerical models that enable a transient simulation of PHES systems are developed using the process simulation software EBSILON® Professional. A PHES system based on a Joule/Brayton cycle is designed, considering commercially available and state‐of‐the‐art components. Employing the developed models and an exergoeconomic analysis, the transient operation of the PHES system is simulated and evaluated. The analyzed PHES system reaches a round‐trip efficiency of 42.9%. The exergoeconomic analysis shows that PHES systems have higher power‐specific costs than established storage technologies. They can currently not be economically operated at the day‐ahead market for Germany and Austria, which is predominantly resulting from high purchased equipment costs. However, PHES systems have the advantage of being location‐independent.
Inclusive $ω$ photoproduction from nuclei and $ω$ in the nuclear medium
Creators: name: Kaskulov, M.
name: Hernandez, E.
name: Oset, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the aim of extracting information on the shift of the $ω$ mass in the nuclear medium we analyze data obtained at ELSA from where claims for evidence of a mass shift of the $ω$ have been made. We develop a Monte Carlo simulation code which takes into account the possible reactions in the experimental set up of $(γ~ A \to π^0 γ~X)$ in the vicinity of the $ω$ production region with subsequent $ω\to π^0 γ$ decay. We compare our results with experiment for the distribution of $π^0 γ$ invariant masses and conclude that the distribution is compatible with an enlarged $ω$ width of about 90 MeV at nuclear matter density and no shift in the mass. This change in the width would be compatible with the preliminary results obtained from the transparency ratio in the A dependence of $ω$ production. The discrepancy of the present conclusions with former claims of an evidence for a shift of the $ω$ mass stem from a different choice of background which is discussed in the paper.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures
Manifestations of the Roton Mode in Dipolar Bose-Einstein Condensates
Creators: name: Wilson, Ryan M.
name: Ronen, Shai
name: Pu, Han
name: Bohn, John L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the structure of trapped Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) with long-range anisotropic dipolar interactions. We find that a small perturbation in the trapping potential can lead to dramatic changes in the condensate's density profile for sufficiently large dipolar interaction strengths and trap aspect ratios. By employing perturbation theory, we relate these oscillations to a previously-identified "roton-like" mode in dipolar BECs. The same physics is responsible for radial density oscillations in vortex states of dipolar BECs that have been predicted previously.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, version accepted to PRL
"Φύσις" και "γίγνεσθαι" στον Αναξίμανδρο και στον Ηράκλειτο
Creators: name: Γιοκνώρη, Σοφία Αριστείδη
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2008
Subjects: Αρχή
Κοσμολογία
Απειρον
Κοσμογονία
Λόγος
Πυρ
Πόλεμος
Αντίθετα
Arche
Apeiron
Cosmology
Cosmogony
Logos
Fire
War
Opposites

description: Η παρούσα εργασία προσπαθεί να προσεγγίσει το φιλοσοφικό σύστημα των μεγαλύτερων Αρχαϊκών φιλοσόφων, του Αναξίμανδρου και και του Ηράκλειτου. Παρουσιάζεται η απόπειρα του Αναξίμανδρου να περιγράψει λογικά τον φυσικό, τον κοινωνικό και τον πολιτικό κόσμο. Αναλύεται διεξοδικά η πρώτη αρχή, το άπειρον, το οποίο αποτελεί, σύμφωνα με τον μεγάλο Μιλήσιο φιλόσοφο, μια μάζα αδιαφοροποίητη με τεράστια έκταση, στην οποία τα ανταγωνιστικά στοιχεία ή οι ιδιότητες της δεν έχουν ακόμα διαχωριστεί. Στη συνέχεια παρουσιάζεται η κοσμογονία του φιλοσόφου, η οποία προάγει την ιδέα ότι ο κόσμος σαν ένα έμβιο ον προέρχεται από έναν σπόρο ή ένα σπέρμα. Τέλος, παρατίθεται η ανάπλαση του κοσμολογικού μοντέλου του. Στη συνέχεια της εργασίας γίνεται προσπάθεια να αναλυθεί η υπερήφανη και "σκοτεινή" φιλοσοφική μορφή του Ηράκλειτου. Εξέχουσα θέση στην ανάλυση αυτή κατέχουν οι βασικοί όροι της φιλοσοφίας του, όπως ο Λόγος, ο Πόλεμος, το πυρ, η Ενότητα των Αντιθέτων και το διαρκές Γίγνεσθαι. Αυτοί οι όροι αναπτύσσονται λεπτομερειακά και έτσι αποκαλύπτεται η μεγαλοφυϊα ενός μεγάλου μυαλού, που ήταν πολύ πιο μπροστά από την εποχή του.
description: This essay tries to approach the philosophical system of the greatest Archaical philosophers, Anaximander and Heraklitus. It gives the Anaximander's logical account of the natural, political and social world. Yoy can find also in this essay what the Milesian philosopher meant, when he said that the first "arche" is the term "apeiron". Moreover, you can see how the universe looked like according to him : where was the earth, the sun and the rest of the stars. Furthermore, you have the chance to get in touch with one of the greatest and brightest minds of Ancient Greece, Heraklitus. On this essay you can be familliar with the fundamental terms of his philosophical context, such as Logos, War, Fire, Opposities and Enternal Motion. All these key words are connected in a wonderful way and they create a succinet philosophical system.
New Extraction of the Cosmic Birefringence from the Planck 2018 Polarization Data
Creators: name: Minami, Yuto
name: Komatsu, Eiichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We search for evidence of parity-violating physics in the Planck 2018 polarization data, and report on a new measurement of the cosmic birefringence angle, $β$. The previous measurements are limited by the systematic uncertainty in the absolute polarization angles of the Planck detectors. We mitigate this systematic uncertainty completely by simultaneously determining $β$ and the angle miscalibration using the observed cross-correlation of the $E$- and $B$-mode polarization of the cosmic microwave background and the Galactic foreground emission. We show that the systematic errors are effectively mitigated and achieve a factor-of-$2$ smaller uncertainty than the previous measurement, finding $β=0.35 \pm 0.14\,°$ (68% C.L.), which excludes $β= 0$ at $99.2$% C.L. This corresponds to the statistical significance of $2.4σ$.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, 1 table. Published in Physical Review Letters