LAB_3_ANOVA_ANCOVA
Creators: name: Rebeiro, Joe
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Social Psychology

description: PI of the lab wants to run an experimental study using 2x3 ANOVA design and wants to know the minimum sample size required to conduct the study. To know the minimum required sample size power analysis needs to be done using the common standard for desired level of power and alpha in psychology. To do this the G Power software will be used and the statistical test will be ANOVA: Fixed Effects, special, main effects and interactions. For the small effect size the value of f will be 0.10, alpha will be 0.05 and power will be set at 0.80, numerator df will be 1 and number of groups will be set at 6. The common standard of power is considered 0.80 and alpha 0.05. For the medium and large effect size the value of f will be 0.25 and 0.40 respectively. After that the PI will be given a small explanation of power, priori power analysis, importance of power and explanation of small, medium and large effect size using the results above. Driving officer wants to test the impact of sleeplessness on driving errors. To understand the impact ANOVA and ANCOVA will be conducted, and the Dependent variable will be driving errors, independent variables will be Sleep deprivation Conditions (18-hour Group, 24- hour group, 30-hour groups) and Gender (Male, Female) and years of driving experience will be used as a covariate in ANCOVA. Two way ANOVA will be conducted using driving errors as a dependent variable and gender and sleep deprivation condition will be used as independent variables. Gender will have two groups and they are women and men. Sleep deprivation condition will have three groups and they are 18-hour Group, 24- hour group and 30-hour groups. At first normality of assumptions of the data will be conducted using Homogeneity of variance tests, Normality tests and linearity of data will be seen from the Q-Q plot. After that overall model of the primary analysis of ANOVA will be interpreted to find out the significance of between independent and dependent variables. After that post hoc comparison will be done to see if any interaction exists among the independent variables of interest and their respective groups. Estimated marginal means and their respective graph will be provided to better understand the relationship among the variables and it will end with a conclusion. To control how long someone has been driving then ANCOVA needs to be done and years of driving experience needs to be controlled and used as a covariate in the analysis. The same independent and dependent variable will be used like ANOVA but the years of driving experience will be used as a covariate in the analysis. Homogeneity of variance test, Normality tests and Q-Q plot will be seen to address the assumption of normality. There will also be an extra assumption seen which is the Heterogeneity of regression slopes to check if there are any interaction among years of driving experience with gender and sleep deprivation conditions on driving errors. Primary ANCOVA analysis will be interpreted to find out any significant relationship among the variables. Post hoc comparison will be conducted to see if there are any significant interaction among the variables of interest on driving errors. Estimated marginal means and necessary graphs will also be included to explain the post hoc analysis. Comparison between the two model after introducing the years of driving experience will be discussed and a written report to the driving safety officer will be provided based on the above analysis results. There will be a description of conceptual research mapping of a mediation and moderation model. In the mediation model Social media addiction will be the independent variable (IV), dependent variable will be suicidal ideation (DV) and the mediators will be anxiety and depression. In the moderation model social media addiction will be the independent variable (IV), the dependent variable will be suicidal ideation (DV) and the moderator will be depression.