cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Magnification of signatures of topological phase transition by quantum zero point motion
Creators: name: Lopes, Pedro L. S.
name: Ghaemi, Pouyan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter we show that the zero-point motion of the vortex in superconducting doped topological insulators leads to significant changes in the electronic spectrum at the topological phase transition in this system. This topological phase transition is tuned by the doping level and the corresponding effects manifest in the density of states at energies which are of the order of the fluctuations frequency. This frequency might be much larger than the electronic energy gap in the spectrum generated by a stationary vortex. As a result the quantum zero-point motion can move the spectral signature of the topological vortex phase transition to energies which are well within the resolution of scanning tunneling microscopy. Moreover, the phenomena studied in this letter present novel effects of Magnus force on the vortex spectrum which are not present in the ordinary s-wave superconductors. Our results show that quantum zero point fluctuations can bring the fingerprints of topological phase transitions to more experimentally accessible grounds and point to the importance of study of quantum fluctuations in different candidates for realizing topological phase transitions.
description: 11 pages (including the supplementary materials), 3 figures
سمبولیسم و نماد در تصوف از سنایی تا مولوی
Creators: name: فرخنده میربلوچ
name: شهناز براهویی تاجی
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 180110 Criminal Law and Procedure
subject: FOS: Law

description: از هنگامي كه تصوف به صورت يك نهاد شناخته شدة اجتماعي درآمد، زبان و نظام نشانه شناسي خاص آن نيز به وجود آمد و اصطلاحات ويژه‌اي پديدار شد كه در درون اين نهاد بار معنايي خاصي داشت و براي ناآشنايان به اين مكتب نامفهوم بود. واژه‌هاي خاص در زبان تصوف را به دو دسته تقسيم كرده‌اند: يكي اصطلاحات رسمي. دوم رمزهاي تصويري. دستة اول واژه‌هايي است، كه در شمار اصطلاحات رسمي و واژگان ويژة نهاد تصوف درآمده است. دستة دوم از واژه‌هاي خاص صوفيان، تصويرهاي نمادين در ادبيات عرفاني است. اين تصويرها که غالباً نام عناصر و پديده‌هاي طبيعي و حسي‌ اند هر کدام رمزي از ايده‌هاي ناگفتني عارف و كليد اشارت به دريافت‌ها و معاني غيبي صوفي شاعر هستند. نمادپردازي در شعر فارسي تقريبا با سنايي رسميت يافت. پيش از وي در شعر شاعران عارف كاربرد اينگونه تصاوير نمادين بسيار اندك است. اما همين تصاوير ريشه در سنت ادبي پيش از وي دارد. بنا براين نمادپردازي در ادبيات صوفيه يکباره و ارتجالاَ در آثار سنايي غزنوي يا ديگران پديد نيامده است بلکه شاعران عارف براي رمزسازي از ميراث ادبي کهن بهره‌هاي بسيار گرفته اند. در این تحقیق بر آنیم تا سمبولیسم و نماد در تصوف از از سنایی تا مولوی را مورد بررسی قرار دهیم
Supplemental materials from Bioactivities of β-mangostin and its new glycoside derivatives synthesized by enzymatic reactions
Creators: name: Le, Tuoi Thi
name: Trang, Nguyen Thu
name: Pham, Van Thuy Thi
name: Quang, Dang Ngoc
name: Phuong Hoa, Le Thi
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Medicinal and Biomolecular Chemistry not elsewhere classified

description: Beta-mangostin is a xanthone commonly found in the genus Garcinia. Unlike α-mangostin, to date, there have only been a few studies on the biological activity and derivatization of β-mangostin. In this study, two novel glycosylated derivatives of β-mangostin were successfully synthesized via a one-pot enzymatic reaction. These derivatives were characterized as β-mangostin 6-O-β-d-glucopyranoside and β-mangostin 6-O-β-d-2-deoxyglucopyranoside by TOF ESI/MS and 1H and 13C NMR analyses. Beta-mangostin showed cytotoxicity against KB, MCF7, A549 and HepG2 cancer cell lines, with IC50 values ranging from 15.42 to 21.13 µM. The acetylcholinesterase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of β-mangostin were determined with IC50 values of 2.17 and 27.61 µM, respectively. A strong anti-microbial activity of β-mangostin against Gram-positive strains (Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus fermentum and Staphylococcus aureus) was observed, with IC50 values of 0.16, 0.18 and 1.24 µg ml−1, respectively. β-Mangostin showed weaker activity against Gram-negative strains (Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) as well as Candida albicans fungus, with IC50 and MIC values greater than the tested concentration (greater than 32 µg ml−1). The new derivatives of β-mangostin showed weaker activities than those of β-mangostin, demonstrating the important role of the hydroxyl group at C-6 of β-mangostin in its bioactivity.
Conformal Correlation Functions in the Brownian Loop Soup
Creators: name: Camia, Federico
name: Gandolfi, Alberto
name: Kleban, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We define and study a set of operators that compute statistical properties of the Brownian Loop Soup, a conformally invariant gas of random Brownian loops (Brownian paths constrained to begin and end at the same point) in two dimensions. We prove that the correlation functions of these operators have many of the properties of conformal primaries in a conformal field theory, and compute their conformal dimension. The dimensions are real and positive, but have the novel feature that they vary continuously as a periodic function of a real parameter. We comment on the relation of the Brownian Loop Soup to the free field, and use this relation to establish that the central charge of the Loop Soup is twice its intensity.
description: 25+5 pages, 3 figures. v2: minor changes v3: minor changes, comments added. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1501.04861
A persistence landscapes toolbox for topological statistics
Creators: name: Bubenik, Peter
name: Dlotko, Pawel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Topological data analysis provides a multiscale description of the geometry and topology of quantitative data. The persistence landscape is a topological summary that can be easily combined with tools from statistics and machine learning. We give efficient algorithms for calculating persistence landscapes, their averages, and distances between such averages. We discuss an implementation of these algorithms and some related procedures. These are intended to facilitate the combination of statistics and machine learning with topological data analysis. We present an experiment showing that the low-dimensional persistence landscapes of points sampled from spheres (and boxes) of varying dimensions differ.
description: 24 pages
title: Barrier-free university website of Vienna
Creators: name: Viric, Sara
Year: 2025

description: Die vorliegende Masterarbeit befasst sich mit den aktuellen Barrierefreiheitsherausforderungen in der Technologie, wobei die Universität Wien als Rahmen dient. Dies gilt insbesondere für Menschen mit Behinderungen. Es wird auch auf die Hauptprobleme eingegangen, mit denen blinde und sehbehinderte Personen sowie gehörlose Menschen konfrontiert sein könnten. Personen mit eingeschränkter Körperbewegung und kognitiven Fähigkeiten werden ebenfalls in die Analyse einbezogen. Die Arbeit diskutiert die bestehenden Normen der Barrierefreiheit und betont, wie wichtig es ist, Technologie wahrnehmbar, bedienbar, verständlich und robust zu gestalten. Ein zentraler Aspekt der Arbeit liegt in der Analyse der aktuellen Universitätswebsite hinsichtlich der Einhaltung der Barrierefreiheitsrichtlinien, d.h. wie einfach die bestehende Website mit all ihren Vor- und Nachteilen zu nutzen ist. Ein weiterer Aspekt der Forschung befasst sich mit einer durchgeführten Umfrage (Interviews). Das Barrier-free-Team interviewte eine Gruppe von Studierenden mit und ohne Behinderungen, die gebeten wurden, ihre Meinung dazu abzugeben, wie erfolgreich die Universität die Barrierefreiheitsrichtlinien einhält. Die Ergebnisse werden hauptsächlich qualitativ diskutiert. Analyse unterzogen werden. Die Schlussfolgerung betont die Bedeutung der Umsetzung von Barrierefreiheit in der Technologie und schlägt zukünftige Forschungsrichtungen in diesem Bereich vor. Die Arbeit erklärt Barrierefreiheit und versucht, die Benutzerfreundlichkeit für Personen mit unterschiedlichen Behinderungen zu verbessern.
description: The master’s thesis at hand deals with the current accessibility challenges in technology and the University of Vienna serves as the framework. This is especially true for individuals with disabilities. It also delves into the main accessibility issues that blind and low-visibility individuals may encounter, as well as deaf individuals. Those with impaired bodily movement and cognitive abilities are also included in the analysis. It discusses the existing norms in accessibility and emphasizes how significant it is to make technology perceivable, operable, understandable, and robust. The key aspect of the paper lies in analyzing the current University website in terms of how much it complies with the accessibility guidelines i.e. how easy it is to use the existing website, with all its advantages and disadvantages. Another aspect of the research delves into a survey (interviews) that was conducted. The Barrier free team interviewed a group of students with and without disabilities who were asked to comment on how successful the University has been in complying with the accessibility guidelines. The results are discussed primarily in a qualitative capacity. The conclusion emphasizes the significance of putting accessibility into place when it comes to technology. It suggests future directions for research in this area. The thesis explains accessibility and attempts to improve usability for individuals who might be suffering from diverse disabilities.
Fidelity between a bipartite state and another one undergoing local unitary dynamics
Creators: name: Zhang, Lin
name: Chen, Lin
name: Bu, Kaifeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fidelity and local unitary transformation are two widely useful notions in quantum physics. We study two constrained optimization problems in terms of the maximal and minimal fidelity between two bipartite quantum states undergoing local unitary dynamics. The problems are related to the geometric measure of entanglement and the distillability problem. We show that the problems can be reduced to semi-definite programming optimization problems. We give close-form formulae of the fidelity when the two states are both pure states, or a pure product state and the Werner state. We explain from the point of view of local unitary actions that why the entanglement in Werner states is hard to accessible. For general mixed states, we give upper and lower bounds of the fidelity using tools such as affine fidelity, channels and relative entropy from information theory. We also investigate the power of local unitaries and quantification for the commutativity of quantum states, and the equivalence of the two optimization problems.
description: v1: 6 pages, Revtex4-1, no figure. Any comments or remarks are welcome! v2:7 pages, a few minor errors in an early version of this paper are fixed; and two new propostions are added as well. v3:14 pages, some examples are added. v4: 14 pages, minor revisions are made. Final version for publication in Quantum Information Processing
The Cannon: A data-driven approach to stellar label determination
Creators: name: Ness, Melissa
name: Hogg, David W.
name: Rix, Hans-Walter
name: Ho, Anna Y. Q.
name: Zasowski, Gail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New spectroscopic surveys offer the promise of consistent stellar parameters and abundances ('stellar labels') for hundreds of thousands of stars in the Milky Way: this poses a formidable spectral modeling challenge. In many cases, there is a sub-set of reference objects for which the stellar labels are known with high(er) fidelity. We take advantage of this with The Cannon, a new data-driven approach for determining stellar labels from spectroscopic data. The Cannon learns from the 'known' labels of reference stars how the continuum-normalized spectra depend on these labels by fitting a flexible model at each wavelength; then, The Cannon uses this model to derive labels for the remaining survey stars. We illustrate The Cannon by training the model on only 542 stars in 19 clusters as reference objects, with Teff, log g and [Fe/H] as the labels, and then applying it to the spectra of 56,000 stars from APOGEE DR10. The Cannon is very accurate. Its stellar labels compare well to the stars for which APOGEE pipeline (ASPCAP) labels are provided in DR10, with rms differences that are basically identical to the stated ASPCAP uncertainties. Beyond the reference labels, The Cannon makes no use of stellar models nor any line-list, but needs a set of reference objects that span label-space. The Cannon performs well at lower signal-to-noise, as it delivers comparably good labels even at one ninth the APOGEE observing time. We discuss the limitations of The Cannon and its future potential, particularly, to bring different spectroscopic surveys onto a consistent scale of stellar labels.
description: Published in ApJ
Ab initio investigation of the structures and energies of spiropyran and merocyanine isomers
Creators: name: Amos, Roger D
name: Kobayashi, Rika
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The structures and energies of a set of spiropyrans and merocyanines – BIPS [1′,3′,3′-trimethylspiro[2H-1-benzopyran-2,2′-indoline], 6-nitroBIPS, and 6,8-dinitroBIPS – are calculated using density functional theory and second-order Møller–Plesset methods. The relative energies of all possible merocyanine isomers in the ground state are determined systematically at a uniform level of theory. Solvent contributions, which have been found to be significant, are also included.
Cheeger $N$-clusters
Creators: name: Caroccia, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we introduce a Cheeger-type constant defined as a minimization of a suitable functional among all the $N$-clusters contained in an open bounded set $Ω$. Here with $N$-Cluster we mean a family of $N$ sets of finite perimeter, disjoint up to a set of null Lebesgue measure. We call any $N$-cluster attaining such a minimum a Cheeger $N$-cluster. Our purpose is to provide a non trivial lower bound on the optimal partition problem for the first Dirichlet eigenvalue of the Laplacian. Here we discuss the regularity of Cheeger $N$-clusters in a general ambient space dimension and we give a precise description of their structure in the the planar case. The last part is devoted to the relation between the functional introduced here (namely the $N$-Cheeger constant), the partition problem for the first Dirichlet eigenvalue of the Laplacian and the Caffarelli and Lin's conjecture.
Hall Scrambling on Black Hole Horizons
Creators: name: Fischler, Willy
name: Kundu, Sandipan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the effect of the electrodynamics $θ$-angle on the macroscopic properties of black hole horizons. Using only classical Einstein-Maxwell-Chern-Simons theory in (3+1)-dimensions, in the form of the membrane paradigm, we show that in the presence of the $θ$-term, a black hole horizon behaves as a Hall conductor, for an observer hovering outside. We study how localized perturbations created on the stretched horizon scramble on the horizon by dropping a charged particle. We show that the $θ$-angle affects the way perturbations scramble on the horizon, in particular, it introduces vortices without changing the scrambling time. This Hall scrambling of information is also expected to occur on cosmological horizons.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures; minor corrections
The r-process nucleosynthesis in the various jet-like explosions of magnetorotational core-collapse supernovae
Creators: name: Nishimura, Nobuya
name: Takiwaki, Tomoya
name: Thielemann, Friedrich-Karl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The r-process nucleosynthesis in core-collapse supernovae (CC-SNe) is studied, with a focus on the explosion scenario induced by rotation and strong magnetic fields. Nucleosynthesis calculations are conducted based on magneto-hydrodynamical explosion models with a wide range of parameters for initial rotation and magnetic fields. The explosion models are classified in two different types: i.e., prompt-magnetic-jet and delayed-magnetic-jet, for which the magnetic fields of proto-neutron stars (PNSs) during collapse and the core-bounce are strong and comparatively moderate, respectively. Following the hydrodynamical trajectories of each explosion model, we confirmed that r-processes successfully occur in the prompt-magnetic-jets, which produce heavy nuclei including actinides. On the other hand, the r-process in the delayed-magnetic-jet is suppressed, which synthesizes only nuclei up to the second peak ($A \sim 130$). Thus, the r-process in the delayed-magnetic-jets could explain only "weak r-process" patterns observed in metal-poor stars rather than the "main r-process", represented by the solar abundances. Our results imply that core-collapse supernovae are possible astronomical sources of heavy r-process elements if their magnetic fields are strong enough, while weaker magnetic explosions may produce "weak r-process" patterns ($A \lesssim 130$). We show the potential importance and necessity of magneto-rotational supernovae for explaining the galactic chemical evolution, as well as abundances of r-process enhanced metal-poor stars. We also examine the effects of the remaining uncertainties in the nature of PNSs due to weak interactions that determine the final neutron-richness of ejecta. Additionally, we briefly discuss radioactive isotope yields in primary jets (e.g., $^{56}$Ni), with relation to several optical observation of SNe and relevant high-energy astronomical phenomena.
description: 25 pages, 17 figures, 6 tables, ApJ in press, numerical data are available at http://www.astro.keele.ac.uk/~nobuya/mrsn and https://github.com/nnobuya/mrsn
Reversible Jump PDMP Samplers for Variable Selection
Creators: name: Chevallier, Augustin
name: Fearnhead, Paul
name: Sutton, Matthew
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A new class of Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithms, based on simulating piecewise deterministic Markov processes (PDMPs), has recently shown great promise: they are nonreversible, can mix better than standard MCMC algorithms, and can use subsampling ideas to speed up computation in big data scenarios. However, current PDMP samplers can only sample from posterior densities that are differentiable almost everywhere, which precludes their use for model choice. Motivated by variable selection problems, we show how to develop reversible jump PDMP samplers that can jointly explore the discrete space of models and the continuous space of parameters. Our framework is general: it takes any existing PDMP sampler, and adds two types of trans-dimensional moves that allow for the addition or removal of a variable from the model. We show how the rates of these trans-dimensional moves can be calculated so that the sampler has the correct invariant distribution. We remove a variable from a model when the associated parameter is zero, and this means that the rates of the trans-dimensional moves do not depend on the likelihood. It is, thus, easy to implement a reversible jump version of any PDMP sampler that can explore a fixed model. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Siemens: Standardisation of Product Data Exchange
Creators: name: Brandt, Maja Milicic
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: ontology
standard
data management
global workshop
ontology commons ecosystem
FAIR

description: This use case shares semantics of objects, relations, and attributes is defined in shared IMF models and ontologies, between the stakeholders: clients, Siemens Energy, suppliers. Thsee also include standardized specifications, such as attribute qualifiers, description of a product lifecycle and milestones, solution documentation. Reasoning and data validation are done using OWL reasoners and SHACL engines.
Dynamic Optimal Transport with Mixed Boundary Condition for Color Image Processing
Creators: name: Fitschen, Jan Henrik
name: Laus, Friederike
name: Steidl, Gabriele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Recently, Papadakis et al. proposed an efficient primal-dual algorithm for solving the dynamic optimal transport problem with quadratic ground cost and measures having densities with respect to the Lebesgue measure. It is based on the fluid mechanics formulation by Benamou and Brenier and proximal splitting schemes. In this paper we extend the framework to color image processing. We show how the transportation problem for RGB color images can be tackled by prescribing periodic boundary conditions in the color dimension. This requires the solution of a 4D Poisson equation with mixed Neumann and periodic boundary conditions in each iteration step of the algorithm. This 4D Poisson equation can be efficiently handled by fast Fourier and Cosine transforms. Furthermore, we sketch how the same idea can be used in a modified way to transport periodic 1D data such as the histogram of cyclic hue components of images. We discuss the existence and uniqueness of a minimizer of the associated energy functional. Numerical examples illustrate the meaningfulness of our approach.
Mapping the $q$-voter model: From a single chain to complex networks
Creators: name: Jędrzejewski, Arkadiusz
name: Sznajd-Weron, Katarzyna
name: Szwabiński, Janusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose and compare six different ways of mapping the modified $q$-voter model to complex networks. Considering square lattices, Barabási-Albert, Watts-Strogatz and real Twitter networks, we ask the question if always a particular choice of the group of influence of a fixed size $q$ leads to different behavior at the macroscopic level. Using Monte Carlo simulations we show that the answer depends on the relative average path length of the network and for real-life topologies the differences between the considered mappings may be negligible.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures
Quantum fluctuations of geometry in hot Universe
Creators: name: Bialynicki-Birula, Iwo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fluctuations of spacetime geometries at finite temperature are evaluated within the linearized theory of gravity. These fluctuations are described by the probability distribution of various configurations of the gravitational field. The field configurations are described by the linearized Riemann-Weyl tensor without any reference to the metric. The probability distribution of various configurations is described by the Wigner functional of the gravitational field. It has a foam-like structure, dominant configurations are those with large changes of geometry at nearby points. In the high-temperature limit one obtains the Bolzmann distribution that enables one to identify the expression for the total energy of the gravitational field. The appearance of the same expression for the total energy when the gravitational field is treated as a collection of gravitons and as the high-temperature limit of the Wigner functional proves the consistency of the whole procedure. Striking differences are found between the fluctuations of the electromagnetic field and the gravitational field, among them is the divergence in the gravitational case of the probability distribution at zero temperature. This divergence is of the "infrared type" because it occurs in integrals over the wave vector at small $k$.
description: 11 pages A new significantly expanded version
Cosmological evolution of the gravitational entropy of the large-scale structure
Creators: name: Marozzi, Giovanni
name: Uzan, Jean-Philippe
name: Umeh, Obinna
name: Clarkson, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the entropy associated with the large-scale structure of the Universe in the linear regime, where the Universe can be described by a perturbed Friedmann-Lemaître spacetime. In particular, we compare two different definitions proposed in the literature for the entropy using a spatial averaging prescription. For one definition, the entropy of the large-scale structure for a given comoving volume always grows with time, both for a CDM and a $Λ$CDM model. In particular, while it diverges for a CDM model, it saturates to a constant value in the presence of a cosmological constant. The use of a light-cone averaging prescription in the context of the evaluation of the entropy is also discussed.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures. Presentation improved, typos corrected, previous subsection III.B merged with subsection II.C, comments, clarifications and a reference added. Version accepted for publication in GRG
A fast numerical method for max-convolution and the application to efficient max-product inference in Bayesian networks
Creators: name: Serang, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Observations depending on sums of random variables are common throughout many fields; however, no efficient solution is currently known for performing max-product inference on these sums of general discrete distributions (max-product inference can be used to obtain maximum a posteriori estimates). The limiting step to max-product inference is the max-convolution problem (sometimes presented in log-transformed form and denoted as "infimal convolution", "min-convolution", or "convolution on the tropical semiring"), for which no O(k log(k)) method is currently known. Here I present a O(k log(k)) numerical method for estimating the max-convolution of two nonnegative vectors (e.g., two probability mass functions), where k is the length of the larger vector. This numerical max-convolution method is then demonstrated by performing fast max-product inference on a convolution tree, a data structure for performing fast inference given information on the sum of n discrete random variables in O(n k log(n k) log(n) ) steps (where each random variable has an arbitrary prior distribution on k contiguous possible states). The numerical max-convolution method can be applied to specialized classes of hidden Markov models to reduce the runtime of computing the Viterbi path from n k^2 to n k log(k), and has potential application to the all-pairs shortest paths problem.
Photometry Transformation from RGB Bayer Filter System to Johnson-Cousins BVR Filter System
Creators: name: Park, Woojin
name: Pak, Soojong
name: Shim, Hyunjin
name: Le, Huynh Anh N.
name: Im, Myungshin
name: Chang, Seunghyuk
name: Yu, Joonkyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The RGB Bayer filter system consists of a mosaic of R, G, and B filters on the grid of the photo sensors which typical commercial DSLR (Digital Single Lens Reflex) cameras and CCD cameras are equipped with. Lot of unique astronomical data obtained using an RGB Bayer filter system are available, including transient objects, e.g. supernovae, variable stars, and solar system bodies. The utilization of such data in scientific research requires that reliable photometric transformation methods are available between the systems. In this work, we develop a series of equations to convert the observed magnitudes in the RGB Bayer filter system ($R_B$, $G_B$, and $B_B$) into the Johnson-Cousins BVR filter system ($B_J$, $V_J$, and $R_C$). The new transformation equations derive the calculated magnitudes in the Johnson-Cousins filters ($B_{Jcal}$, $V_{Jcal}$, and $R_{Ccal}$) as functions of RGB magnitudes and colors. The mean differences between the transformed magnitudes and original magnitudes, i.e. the residuals, are $Δ(B_J-B_{Jcal})$ = 0.064 mag, $Δ(V_J-V_{Jcal})$ = 0.041 mag, and $Δ(R_C-R_{Ccal})$ = 0.039 mag. The calculated Johnson-Cousins magnitudes from the transformation equations show a good linear correlation with the observed Johnson-Cousins magnitudes.
description: Preprint accepted to Advances in Space Research, 19 pages, 8 figures
Guiding Infrastructure Governance And Controlled Vocabularies Requirement (GIGAR-V)
Creators: name: Schubert, Chris
name: Nugent, Patricia Anne
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: data
OpenScience
FAIRprinciples
FAIRsharing
FAIRdata
Trust
FAIR indicators
EOSCinPractice

description: The Project was implemented by a consortia comprising the TU Wien Library (AT), ERINHA AISBL (FR), DataCove (AT), Natural History Museum Vienna (AT), reNEW Copenhagen University (DK) with funding from the EOSC-Future/RDA Open Calls. The key goal of the GIGAR-V project was to tackle the intricacies of incorporating "individual" extensions into existing vocabularies while maintaining versioning, provenance, and quality assessment. The project's software functionalities were carefully designed to seamlessly facilitate this holistic approach. Comparison and collection of requirements will validate this and yield valuable generic
 recommendations for the scientific community.
The growth of education differentials in marital dissolution in the United States
Creators: name: McErlean, Kimberly
name: 0000-0001-7450-5368
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2021
Subjects: Divorce
Inequality
Dissolution
Marriage
Family

description: Recent data suggest that overall divorce rates in the United States have been declining since the 1980s, while research examining marriages formed prior to 2004 suggests that divorce rates historically have not declined equally across the socioeconomic spectrum. This study examines marital dissolution and divorce rates in the new millennium to understand trends by marital cohort and educational attainment. I use the 2006-2019 National Survey of Family Growth female data-set to assess the likelihood of marital dissolution and divorce by fifth and tenth anniversary, using life tables and discrete-time event history analysis. Results show that overall marital dissolution and divorce rates are declining over time. However, this downward trend is driven by those with higher education; those with the least education are seeing rising marital dissolution rates, even when controlling for correlated risk factors. The greater divide when examining marital dissolution as compared to formal divorce also illustrates the lower propensity of the least educated to formalize their dissolution. Overall, these findings highlight that overall dissolution trends hide important – and growing – differentials by educational attainment. Declines in dissolution are not equally distributed across social classes; those women who are most vulnerable to divorce are least likely to be able to recover from its negative consequences
The Biases of Optical Line-Ratio Selection for Active Galactic Nuclei, and the Intrinsic Relationship between Black Hole Accretion and Galaxy Star Formation
Creators: name: Trump, Jonathan R.
name: Sun, Mouyuan
name: Zeimann, Gregory R.
name: Luck, Cuyler
name: Bridge, Joanna S.
name: Grier, Catherine J.
name: Hagen, Alex
name: Juneau, Stephanie
name: Montero-Dorta, Antonio
name: Rosario, David J.
name: Brandt, W. Niel
name: Ciardullo, Robin
name: Schneider, Donald P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use 317,000 emission-line galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey to investigate line-ratio selection of active galactic nuclei (AGNs). In particular, we demonstrate that "star formation dilution" by HII regions causes a significant bias against AGN selection in low-mass, blue, star-forming, disk-dominated galaxies. This bias is responsible for the observed preference of AGNs among high-mass, green, moderately star-forming, bulge-dominated hosts. We account for the bias and simulate the intrinsic population of emission-line AGNs using a physically-motivated Eddington ratio distribution, intrinsic AGN narrow line region line ratios, a luminosity-dependent Lbol/L[OIII] bolometric correction, and the observed Mbh-sigma relation. These simulations indicate that, in massive (log(M*/Msun) > 10) galaxies, AGN accretion is correlated with specific star formation rate but is otherwise uniform with stellar mass. There is some hint of lower black hole occupation in low-mass (log(M*/Msun) < 10) hosts, although our modeling is limited by uncertainties in measuring and interpreting the velocity dispersions of low-mass galaxies. The presence of star formation dilution means that AGNs contribute little to the observed strong optical emission lines (e.g., [OIII] and Ha) in low-mass and star-forming hosts. However the AGN population recovered by our modeling indicates that feedback by typical (low- to moderate-accretion) low-redshift AGNs has nearly uniform efficiency at all stellar masses, star formation rates, and morphologies. Taken together, our characterization of the observational bias and resultant AGN occupation function suggest that AGNs are unlikely to be the dominant source of star formation quenching in galaxies, but instead are fueled by the same gas which drives star formation activity.
description: ApJ accepted. 36 pages, 33 figures. Figs 17 & 18 (page 20) are the money plots
Effects of Two Inert Scalar Doublets on Higgs Interactions and Electroweak Phase Transition
Creators: name: Ahriche, Amine
name: Faisel, Gaber
name: Ho, Shu-Yu
name: Nasri, Salah
name: Tandean, Jusak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study some implications of the presence of two inert scalar doublets which are charged under a dark Abelian gauge symmetry. Specifically, we investigate the effects of the new scalars on oblique electroweak parameters and on the interactions of the 125 GeV Higgs boson, especially its decay modes $h\toγγ,γZ$, and trilinear coupling, all of which will be probed with improved precision in future Higgs measurements. Moreover, we explore how the inert scalars may give rise to strongly first-order electroweak phase transition and also show its correlation with sizable modifications to the Higgs trilinear coupling.
description: 17 page, 8 figures
Measuring vertical jump height using a smartphone camera with simultaneous gravity-based calibration
Creators: name: Webering, Fritz
name: Seeger, Leo
name: Rother, Niklas
name: Blume, Holger
Publisher: name: Piscataway, NJ : IEEE
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: camera calibration
subject: gravity
subject: parabola
subject: sports
subject: vertical jump height
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau::621 | Angewandte Physik::621,3 | Elektrotechnik, Elektronik

description: Vertical jump height is an important tool to measure athletes' lower body power in sports science and medicine. Several different methods exist to measure jump height, but each has its own limitations. This work proposes a novel way to measure jump height directly, using optical tracking with a single smartphone camera. A parabolic fall trajectory is obtained from this video by tracking a single feature. The parabolic trajectory is then used to partially calibrate the camera and convert pixel measurements into real-world units, allowing the calculation of the achieved height. Comparison to an optical motion capture system yields promising results.© 2021 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.
An evaluation of the effects of mandatory reporting on students’ likelihood of disclosing sexual violence
Creators: name: Sears, Mackenzie Alexis
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2021
Subjects: Title IX
Mandatory reporting
Sexual violence
Undergraduate students
Nonconsensual sexual experiences

description: In the United States, employees of federally funded universities are mandated to report knowledge of any nonconsensual sexual experiences (NSEs) to their universities under Title IX. Few studies have assessed students’ opinions or likelihood of disclosing sexual violence to someone at their university under these policies and they returned mixed results. The NSE literature indicates that people with NSE histories are less likely to disclose sexual violence with mandatory reporting (MR) policies in place. Additionally, there are discrepancies in likelihood to disclose even without the presence of MR policy; people who do not identify their NSEs with sexual violence labels (e.g. rape) are less likely to disclose their experience than people who do use those labels. The current study aims to (1) evaluate students’ likelihood of reporting to someone at the university by introducing a manipulation of the presence of MR policies while (2) evaluating how NSE identification rather than NSE history impacts that likelihood. 184 undergraduate students at UT were randomized into two groups, one given language indicating the presence of MR policies and the other given language about confidential reporting. Each student was shown four gender-neutral vignettes, two describing penetrative assault and two non-penetrative assault with alternating professor and student perpetrators. After each vignette, the students were asked how likely they would be to tell a professor at the university about the event if they were the student in the vignette. Students also completed the Non-Consensual Sexual Experiences Inventory to assess NSE identification (NSEI; Kilimnik et al., 2018). Results from a mixed factor repeated-measures ANOVA indicated that there were significant differences in likelihood to disclose between the vignettes (p <0.01), but not between conditions or NSE identification groups (p= 0.44; p=0.71). Though there is concern in the field about the impact of MR policies based on previous NSE literature, these results indicate that MR policies do not decrease disclosure likelihood. Future research should further evaluate this relationship to determine replicability of these results
Investigation of fluorescence enhancement and antibacterial properties of nitrogen-doped carbonized polymer nanomaterials (N-CPNs)
Creators: name: Saji, Midhun
name: Saji, Biya Elsa
name: Joseph, Neethu
name: Mathew, Aleena Ann
name: Daniel, Elcey C.
name: Balachandran, Manoj
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Carbonized Polymer Nanomaterials (CPNs) have acquired substantial research interest in recent years due to their budding applications in various optical and electrochemical studies like electrocatalysis, solar cells, biosensing, etc. Due to their stability and toxicity, the enhancement of CPNs' properties was the primary cause of concern. Herein, we synthesized Nitrogen-doped (N-doped) N-CPNs using the one-step hydrothermal approach of PVA and PVDF polymers with Nitric acid (HNO3) as the nitrogen source. The luminescence intensity was observed to be enhanced by increasing nitrogen doping concentration. The synthesized fluorescent samples exhibited significant antibacterial properties, making them useful in biomarkers, sensing strategies, drug delivery, etc. Doped PVA samples exhibited negligible antibacterial activity, but nitrogen-doped PVDF samples displayed considerable biocidal activity against gram-positive bacteria, according to antibacterial research. Each sample's growth inhibition was distinct and species-specific.
title: Framework of practice for adolescent Montessori: place-based education in an urban public Montessori Grade 7/8 classroom
Creators: name: Busby, Jennifer D.
Publisher: name: Electronic version published by Vancouver Island University
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Montessori method of education
subject: Place-based education

description: The purpose of this project was to develop a framework of practice document for an adolescent Montessori program in an urban environment. This project examined the connection between Montessori’s writings on adolescent education and place-based learning. A traditional model of Montessori’s Erdkinder may not be feasible for many urban, public Montessori schools; place-based learning and the work of the prepared adolescent teacher to connect pedagogy and curriculum creates a modern Erdkinder to meet the needs of the adolescent. This project highlights the need for spreading awareness of adolescent Montessori programming requirements within SPS. Because there currently is limited understanding of Montessori’s vision for adolescent learning within SPS, many elements of place-based learning are often viewed strictly as components of an outdoor education program. The evidence presented in my project supports my belief that place-based learning is much more than the ‘hard skills’ associated with outdoor education and provides compelling reasons to insist on the implementation of the tools created in my project. Montessori believed that schools should be specifically designed to meet the developmental needs of the child; my project allows a teacher to reflect on their practice to ensure they are facilitating an adolescent Montessori program that is genuine.
title: Biomimicry: a tool to support student reconnection with nature in a Montessori secondary class
Creators: name: Rymer, Haley D.
Publisher: name: Electronic version published by Vancouver Island University
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Montessori method of education
subject: Biomimicry

description: Extensive research validates the need to renew and strengthen a connection to nature as a way of battling unsustainability and numerous studies support the idea that education is a major catalyst for this much-needed paradigm shift. The emerging science, biomimicry has been used successfully in education and it is hypothesized that biomimicry’s use could lead to students’ reconnection with nature. This project aimed to create outdoor learning experiences for students to connect with nature in a Montessori environment by following the principles and examples of biomimicry. The inquiry was guided by the following questions: Why do we need to get young people back to nature and feel connected to a place in their local environment? What is biomimicry (within the context of education) and how can it be used as a tool for the goals of this project while supporting the principles of Montessori? A research-informed resource guide was developed to support the integration of biomimicry into secondary science in a Montessori education system. Biomimicry shares many commonalities with the core values of the Montessori pedagogy and the practices and principles of biomimicry have been shown to support both the Kindergarten to Grade 10 Science Curricular Competencies of the British Columbia curriculum and First Peoples Principles of Learning. By creating this resource guide, biomimicry’s use in a Montessori classroom was better understood. Additionally, a resource for both Montessori and non-Montessori educators was successfully created with accessible information and easy to incorporate classroom activities.