cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Lattice Three-Dimensional Skyrmions Revisited
Creators: name: Charalampidis, E. G.
name: Ioannidou, T. A.
name: Kevrekidis, P. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the continuum a skyrmion is a topological nontrivial map between Riemannian manifolds, and a stationary point of a particular energy functional. This paper describes lattice analogues of the aforementioned skyrmions, namely a natural way of using the topological properties of the three-dimensional continuum Skyrme model to achieve topological stability on the lattice. In particular, using fixed point iterations, numerically exact lattice skyrmions are constructed; and their stability under small perturbations is explored by means of linear stability analysis. While stable branches of such solutions are identified, it is also shown that they possess a particularly delicate bifurcation structure, especially so in the vicinity of the continuum limit. The corresponding bifurcation diagram is elucidated and a prescription for selecting the branch asymptoting to the well-known continuum limit is given. Finally, the robustness of the spectrally stable solutions is corroborated by virtue of direct numerical simulations .
description: 17 pages, 6 figures
Zeta function for perturbed surfaces of revolution
Creators: name: Morales-Almazan, Pedro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we explore the Zeta function arising from a small perturbation on a surface of revolution and the effect of this on the functional determinant and in the change of the Casimir energy associated with this configuration.
description: 24 pages, 12 figures
Die Obsession der Grenzüberschreitung. Zur Krise der Moderne
Creators: name: Schelkshorn, Hans
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 48 Nr. 2 (2019): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 48, Heft 2
Exploring Halogen Bonds in 5-Hydroxytryptamine 2B Receptor-Ligand Interactions
Creators: name: Wang, Y.
name: Qi, X.
name: Li, P.
name: Du, Y.
name: Zhou, Y.
name: Huang, N.
name: Huang, X.-P.
Publisher: name: American Chemical Society
Year: 2018

description: Here, we predicted the potential halogen bonding interaction between compound 2 and the 5-hydroxytryptamine 2B (5-HT2B) receptor and systematically assessed this interaction via structure-activity relationship analysis and molecular dynamics simulations. A physics-based computational protocol was then developed to further explore the opportunity of "designing in" halogen bonding interactions in structure-based ligand design for the 5-HT2B receptor, which not only facilitated the identification of previously uncharacterized halogen bonds in known 5-HT2B ligands but also enabled the rational design of halogen bonding interactions for the optimization of 5-HT2B ligands. As a proof-of-concept, a series of halogen-substituted analogues of doxepin was synthesized and evaluated, which showed improved in vitro and in vivo potency.
Der Sündenfall - eine Befreiungsgeschichte?
Creators: name: Schwienhorst-Schönberger, Ludger
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 48 Nr. 2 (2019): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 48, Heft 2
Advancing Economic Stability Among Single-Parent Latinx Households In Durham County, NC Through Nutrition Education Programs And Down Payment Assistance Programs
Creators: name: Hull, Aaron
name: Fravel, John
name: Samuel-Jakubos, Haley
name: Trudo, tyler
name: Mcleod, Joy
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Economic stability is a key social determinant of health. In Durham County, NC 31% of Latinx families lived below 200% of the federal poverty level (FPL) compared to 20% of Black families and 8% of White families. Additionally, 27.6% of single mother families with children under age 5 live under 100% of the FPL. Economic instability is associated with food insecurity and cost-burdened households. Roughly one in six children within Durham County live in food insecure households (Feeding America, 2018) and 31% of residents spend more than 30 percent of their income on housing. We propose a remediated Durham’s Innovative Nutrition Education (DINE) Program to provide education and resources on nutrition, affordable healthcare, and federal benefits. We also propose re-focusing existing down payment assistance programs on single-parent Latinx families. This will require the engagement of key community stakeholders including the Durham County Department of Public Health, and Community Home Trust.
Christentum zwischen Grenzziehung und Grenzüberschreitung
Creators: name: Stoll, Christian
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 48 Nr. 2 (2019): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 48, Heft 2
STRENGTHENING ECONOMIC FOUNDATIONS: ADDRESSING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HOUSING AND NUTRITION SECURITY AMONG MAJORITY-MINORITY COMMUNITIES IN DURHAM COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
Creators: name: Lee, Yasmeen
name: Finn, Brendan
name: Zink, Lindsey
name: Sharpe, Cynthia
name: Gonzales, Edward
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: To better address the broad spectrum of health in Durham County, North Carolina, this capstone offers a series of housing and nutritional policy reforms that aim to improve the economic security of Durham County residents by addressing the bidirectional nature of housing and food insecurity. The following proposal explains the impact economic precarity and instability has on Durham County residents’ health and how it impacts how residents live, work, and play. The proposal details how reforming zoning laws for affordable housing, coupled with community gardens and nutrition education can help improve economic security for Durham County residents and how such policies will improve the County’s public health. These proposals also include a detailed budget its zoning reform policy and program evaluation for its community gardens program. The proposal also includes an appendix with an additional housing reform policy to build additional permanent low-income housing.
The structure of protoplanetary discs around evolving young stars
Creators: name: Bitsch, Bertram
name: Johansen, Anders
name: Lambrechts, Michiel
name: Morbidelli, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formation of planets with gaseous envelopes takes place in protoplanetary accretion discs on time-scales of several millions of years. Small dust particles stick to each other to form pebbles, pebbles concentrate in the turbulent flow to form planetesimals and planetary embryos and grow to planets, which undergo substantial radial migration. All these processes are influenced by the underlying structure of the protoplanetary disc, specifically the profiles of temperature, gas scale height and density. The commonly used disc structure of the Minimum Mass Solar Nebular (MMSN) is a simple power law in all these quantities. However, protoplanetary disc models with both viscous and stellar heating show several bumps and dips in temperature, scale height and density caused by transitions in opacity, which are missing in the MMSN model. These play an important role in the formation of planets, as they can act as sweet spots for the formation of planetesimals via the streaming instability and affect the direction and magnitude of type-I-migration. We present 2D simulations of accretion discs that feature radiative cooling, viscous and stellar heating, and are linked to the observed evolutionary stages of protoplanetary discs and their host stars. These models allow us to identify preferred planetesimal and planet formation regions in the protoplanetary disc as a function of the disc's metallicity, accretion rate and lifetime. We derive simple fitting formulae that feature all structural characteristics of protoplanetary discs during the evolution of several Myr. These fits are straightforward to apply for modelling any growth stage of planets where detailed knowledge of the underlying disc structure is required.
description: Accepted by A&A, v3 corrected small typo in the fitting formulae
Zanos et al. reply
Creators: name: Elmer, G.I.
name: Albuquerque, E.X.
name: Thomas, C.J.
name: Mayo, C.L.
name: Fischell, J.
name: Moaddel, R.
name: Thompson, S.M.
name: Gould, T.D.
name: Georgiou, P.
name: Zarate, C.A., Jr.
name: Alkondon, M.
name: Huang, X.-P.
name: Yuan, P.
name: Zanos, P.
name: Morris, P.J.
name: Singh, N.S.
name: Dossou, K.S.S.
name: Fang, Y.
name: Pribut, H.J.
Publisher: name: Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2017

description: Clinical data have demonstrated rapid and sustained antidepressant effects of ketamine, a noncompetitive NMDAR (N-methyl-daspartate receptor) antagonist. Recently, Zanos et al.2 claimed that the ketamine metabolite (2R,6R)-hydroxynorketamine (HNK) is essential for the antidepressant effects of ketamine in mice in an NMDAR-independent manner, although no alternative mechanism was proposed, beyond unspecific activation of AMPAR (α -amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptor). Here we report that (2R,6R)-HNK blocks synaptic NMDARs in a similar manner to its parent compound, and we show that the effects of (2R,6R)-HNK on intracellular signalling are coupled to NMDAR inhibition. These data demonstrate that (2R,6R)-HNK inhibits synaptic NMDARs and subsequently elicits the same signal transduction pathway previously associated with NMDAR inhibition by ketamine.
Experimental study to explore the $\rm ^8Be$ induced nuclear reaction via the Trojan Horse Method
Creators: name: Qun-Gang, Wen
name: Cheng-Bo, Li
name: Shu-Hua, Zhou
name: Irgaziev, Bakhadir
name: Yuan-Yong, Fu
name: Spitaleri, Claudio
name: La Cognata, Marco
name: Jing, Zhou
name: Qiu-Ying, Meng
name: Lamia, Livio
name: Lattuada, Marcello
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To explore a possible indirect method for $\rm ^8Be$ induced astrophysical reactions, the $\rm ^9Be=({}^8Be+\it n)$ cluster structure was studied via the Trojan Horse Method. It is the first time to study a super short life nucleus $\rm ^8Be$ via the Trojan Horse Method, and it is the first time to make a valid test for $l=1$ Trojan-horse nucleus. The $\rm ^9Be$ nucleus is assumed to have a ($\rm {}^8Be+\it n$) cluster structure and used as the Trojan-horse nucleus. The $\rm ^8Be$ nucleus acts as a participant, while the neutron is a spectator to the virtual $\rm ^8Be +{\it d}\rightarrow α+ {}^6Li$ reaction via a suitable 3-body reaction $\rm ^9Be +{\it d}\rightarrow α+ {}^6Li +\it n$. The experimental neutron momentum distribution inside $\rm ^9Be$ was reconstructed. The agreement between experimental and theoretical momentum distribution indicates that there should be a ($\rm {}^8Be+\it n$) cluster structure inside $\rm ^9Be$. Therefor the experimental study of $\rm ^8Be$ induced reactions, for example the experimental measurement of the $\rm ^8Be +α\rightarrow {}^{12}C$ reaction proceeding through the Hoyle state, is possible.
hERG Blockade by Iboga Alkaloids
Creators: name: Liu, N.
name: Huang, X.-P.
name: Alper, K.
name: Priori, S.G.
name: Ruan, Y.
name: Bai, R.
name: Fowler, S.J.
Publisher: name: Humana Press Inc.
Year: 2016

description: The iboga alkaloids are a class of naturally occurring and synthetic compounds, some of which modify drug self-administration and withdrawal in humans and preclinical models. Ibogaine, the prototypic iboga alkaloid that is utilized clinically to treat addictions, has been associated with QT prolongation, torsades de pointes and fatalities. hERG blockade as IKr was measured using the whole-cell patch clamp technique in HEK 293 cells. This yielded the following IC50 values: ibogaine manufactured by semisynthesis via voacangine (4.09 ± 0.69 µM) or by extraction from T. iboga (3.53 ± 0.16 µM); ibogaine’s principal metabolite noribogaine (2.86 ± 0.68 µM); and voacangine (2.25 ± 0.34 µM). In contrast, the IC50 of 18-methoxycoronaridine, a product of rational synthesis and current focus of drug development was >50 µM. hERG blockade was voltage dependent for all of the compounds, consistent with low-affinity blockade. hERG channel binding affinities (Ki) for the entire set of compounds, including 18-MC, ranged from 0.71 to 3.89 µM, suggesting that 18-MC binds to the hERG channel with affinity similar to the other compounds, but the interaction produces substantially less hERG blockade. In view of the extended half-life of noribogaine, these results may relate to observations of persistent QT prolongation and cardiac arrhythmia at delayed intervals of days following ibogaine ingestion. The apparent structure–activity relationships regarding positions of substitutions on the ibogamine skeleton suggest that the iboga alkaloids might provide an informative paradigm for investigation of the structural biology of the hERG channel.
Nonlocal Static and Dynamical Vacuum Field Correlations and Casimir-Polder Interactions
Creators: name: Passante, Roberto
name: Rizzuto, Lucia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this review we investigate several aspects and features of spatial field correlations for the massless scalar field and the electromagnetic field, both in stationary and nonstationary conditions, and show how they manifest in two- and many-body static and dynamic dispersion interactions (van der Waals and Casimir-Polder). We initially analyze the spatial field correlations for noninteracting fields, stressing their nonlocal behavior, and their relation to two-body dispersion interactions. We then consider how field correlations are modified by the presence of a field source, such as an atom or in general a polarizable body, firstly in a stationary condition and then in a dynamical condition, starting from a nonstationary state. We first evaluate the spatial field correlation for the electric field in the stationary case, in the presence of a ground-state or excited-state atom, and then we consider its time evolution in the case of an initially nonstationary state. We discuss in detail their nonlocal features, in both stationary and nonstationary conditions. We then explicitly show how the nonlocality of field correlations can manifest itself in van der Waals and Casimir-Polder interactions between atoms, both in static and dynamic situations. We discuss how this can allow to indirectly probe the existence and the properties of nonlocal vacuum field correlations of the electromagnetic field, a research subject of strong actual interest, also in consequence of recent measurements of spatial field correlations exploiting electro-optical sampling techniques. The subtle and intriguing relation between nonlocality and causality is also discussed.
description: Review article. 15 pages
Die Geschichte des Bundes Gottes mit Israel und Jesus Christus als ihre Vollendung
Creators: name: Wilckens, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 48 Nr. 1 (2019): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 48, Heft 1
Religion in pluralistischer Gesellschaft und weltanschaulich neutralem Staat
Creators: name: Thierse, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 48 Nr. 1 (2019): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 48, Heft 1
The Complete Streets Solution to Address Walking and Biking Infrastructure Challenges to Increase Food Access and Public Safety in Durham County NC
Creators: name: Meredith Kraus
name: Violet Noe
name: Sarah Rothstein
name: Sara Moreno
name: Thayjus Pancholi
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: The Neighborhood and Built Environment domain of the Social Determinants of Health (SDoH) describes
physical aspects of a community that influence the health of residents, such as safe places for physical activity and
proximity to healthy food retailers (Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion [OASH], n.d.). There are
many disparities in the distribution of walkable and bikeable spaces, pedestrian safety, and food access between
majority high-income white and majority low-income Black neighborhoods in Durham County, and these disparities
contribute to inequities in health and well-being (Moore, 2022; OASH, n.d.). Through the implementation of a state
policy and a nutrition program designed to improve the existing walking and biking infrastructure of Durham
County, this proposal aims to increase the proportion of Durham County residents who walk or bike to get to places
and to reduce health disparities by increasing access to physical activity opportunities and healthy food options.
Exactly solvable deformations of the oscillator and Coulomb systems and their generalization
Creators: name: Ballesteros, Angel
name: Enciso, Alberto
name: Herranz, Francisco J.
name: Ragnisco, Orlando
name: Riglioni, Danilo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present two maximally superintegrable Hamiltonian systems ${\cal H}_λ$ and ${\cal H}_η$ that are defined, respectively, on an $N$-dimensional spherically symmetric generalization of the Darboux surface of type III and on an $N$-dimensional Taub-NUT space. Afterwards, we show that the quantization of ${\cal H}_λ$ and ${\cal H}_η$ leads, respectively, to exactly solvable deformations (with parameters $λ$ and $η$) of the two basic quantum mechanical systems: the harmonic oscillator and the Coulomb problem. In both cases the quantization is performed in such a way that the maximal superintegrability of the classical Hamiltonian is fully preserved. In particular, we prove that this strong condition is fulfilled by applying the so-called conformal Laplace-Beltrami quantization prescription, where the conformal Laplacian operator contains the usual Laplace-Beltrami operator on the underlying manifold plus a term proportional to its scalar curvature (which in both cases has non-constant value). In this way, the eigenvalue problems for the quantum counterparts of ${\cal H}_λ$ and ${\cal H}_η$ can be rigorously solved, and it is found that their discrete spectrum is just a smooth deformation (in terms of the parameters $λ$ and $η$) of the oscillator and Coulomb spectrum, respectively. Moreover, it turns out that the maximal degeneracy of both systems is preserved under deformation. Finally, new further multiparametric generalizations of both systems that preserve their superintegrability are envisaged.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures. Based on the contribution presented at "The 30th International Colloquium on Group Theoretical Methods in Physics", July 14-18, 2014, Ghent, Belgium. Some comments added. To appear in Journal of Physics: Conference Series
Structure-Based Discovery of Novel and Selective 5-Hydroxytryptamine 2B Receptor Antagonists for the Treatment of Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Creators: name: Wu, K.
name: Zhou, Y.
name: Huang, X.-P.
name: Ma, J.
name: Huang, N.
name: Lin, X.
Publisher: name: American Chemical Society
Year: 2016

description: Here we employed structure-based ligand discovery techniques to explore a recently determined crystal structure of the 5-hydroxytryptamine 2B (5-HT2B) receptor. Ten compounds containing a novel chemical scaffold were identified; among them, seven molecules were active in cellular function assays with the most potent one exhibiting an IC50 value of 27.3 nM. We then systematically probed the binding characteristics of this scaffold by designing, synthesizing, and testing a series of structural modifications. The structure-activity relationship studies strongly support our predicted binding model. The binding profiling across a panel of 11 5-HT receptors indicated that these compounds are highly selective for the 5-HT2B receptor. Oral administration of compound 15 (30 mg/kg) produced significant attenuation of visceral hypersensitivity in a rat model of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). We expect this novel scaffold will serve as the foundation for the development of 5-HT2B antagonists for the treatment of IBS.
A Framework for Treating Model Uncertainty in the Asset Liability Management Problem
Creators: name: Papayiannis, Georgios I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Portfolio Management (q-fin.PM)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 62P05, 91G05

description: The problem of asset liability management (ALM) is a classic problem of the financial mathematics and of great interest for the banking institutions and insurance companies. Several formulations of this problem under various model settings have been studied under the Mean-Variance (MV) principle perspective. In this paper, the ALM problem is revisited under the context of model uncertainty in the one-stage framework. In practice, uncertainty issues appear to several aspects of the problem, e.g. liability process characteristics, market conditions, inflation rates, inside information effects, etc. A framework relying on the notion of the Wasserstein barycenter is presented which is able to treat robustly this type of ambiguities by appropriate handling the various information sources (models) and appropriately reformulating the relevant decision making problem. The proposed framework can be applied to a number of different model settings leading to the selection of investment portfolios that remain robust to the various uncertainties appearing in the market. The paper is concluded with a numerical experiment for a static version of the ALM problem, employing standard modelling approaches, illustrating the capabilities of the proposed method with very satisfactory results in retrieving the true optimal strategy even in high noise cases.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2207.00862
COMMUNITY BASED APPROACHES TO ADDRESS AFFORDABLE HOUSING FOR LOW-INCOME RENTERS THROUGH BUILT ENVIRONMENTS IN DURHAM COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
Creators: name: Stachowski, Alexa
name: Shankar, Abhishek
name: Escudero, Josefina Labra
name: Gonzalez, Karina
name: Pitcher, Ariana
name: Cannon, Kali
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Low-income renters in Durham County experience significant cost burden and reduced access to quality nutritional options. Consequently, worse health outcomes can be perpetuated through lack of financial bandwidth or availability of nutritious food options. This proposal presents two key avenues to address these issues: a nutrition community garden program and zoning policy reform. In order to address nutritional options for low-income residents of Durham County, Durham Housing Authority properties should implement a community garden and nutrition education program. To help alleviate cost burden, Durham County should lift Minimum Parking Standards (MPS) to reduce property rent and enhance efficient land use and affordable housing options.
Keywords: Parking reform, community gardens, Durham County, affordable housing, community engagement
Probing the ligand-binding domain of the mGluR4 subtype of metabotropic glutamate receptor
Creators: name: Peltekova, V.
name: Hampson, D.R.
name: Thomsen, C.
name: Pekhletski, R.
name: Thøgersen, H.
name: Hornby, G.
name: Huang, X.-P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) are G-protein-coupled glutamate receptors that subserve a number of diverse functions in the central nervous system. The large extracellular amino-terminal domains (ATDs) of mGluRs are homologous to the periplasmic binding proteins in bacteria. In this study, a region in the ATD of the mGluR4 subtype of mGluR postulated to contain the ligand-binding pocket was explored by site-directed mutagenesis using a molecular model of the tertiary structure of the ATD as a guiding tool. Although the conversion of Arg78, Ser159, or Thr182 to Ala did not affect the level of protein expression or cell-surface expression, all three mutations severely impaired the ability of the receptor to bind the agonist L-[3H]amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid. Mutation of other residues within or in close proximity to the proposed binding pocket produced either no effect (Ser157 and Ser160) or a relatively modest effect (Ser181) on ligand affinity compared with the Arg78, Ser159, and Thr182 mutations. Based on these experimental findings, together with information obtained from the model in which the glutamate analog L-serine O-phosphate (L-SOP) was 'docked' into the binding pocket, we suggest that the hydroxyl groups on the side chains of Ser159 and Thr182 of mGluR4 form hydrogen bonds with the α-carboxyl and α-amino groups on L-SOP, respectively, whereas Arg78 forms an electrostatic interaction with the acidic side chains of L-SOP or glutamate. The conservation of Arg78, Ser159, and Thr182 in all members of the mGluR family indicates that these amino acids may be fundamental recognition motifs for the binding of agonists to this class of receptors.
Impaired cerebellar synaptic plasticity and motor performance in mice lacking the mGluR4 subtype of metabotropic glutamate receptor
Creators: name: Abramow-Newerly, W.
name: Gerlai, R.
name: Huang, X.-P.
name: Overstreet, L.S.
name: Slater, N.T.
name: Pekhletski, R.
name: Hampson, D.R.
name: Agopyan, N.
name: Roder, J.C.
Publisher: name: Society for Neuroscience
Year: 1996

description: The application of the glutamate analog L-2-amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid (L-AP4) to neurons produces a suppression of synaptic transmission. Although L-AP4 is a selective ligand at a subset of metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs), the precise physiological role of the L-AP4-activated mGluRs remains primarily unknown. To provide a better understanding of the function of L-AP4 receptors, we have generated and studied knockout (KO) mice lacking the mGluR4 subtype of mGluR that displays high affinity for L-AP4. The mGluR4 mutant mice displayed normal spontaneous motor activity and were unimpaired on the bar cross test, indicating that disruption of the mGluR4 gene did not cause gross motor abnormalities, impairments of novelty-induced exploratory behaviors, or alterations in fine motor coordination. However, the mutant mice were deficient on the rotating rod motor-learning test, suggesting that mGluR4 KO mice may have an impaired ability to learn complex motor tasks. Patch-clamp and extracellular field recordings from Purkinje cells in cerebellar slices demonstrated that L-AP4 had no effect on synaptic responses in the mutant mice, whereas in the wild-type mice 100 μM L-AP4 produced a 23% depression of synaptic responses with an EC50 of 2.5 μM. An analysis of presynaptic short-term synaptic plasticity at the parallel fiber→Purkinje cell synapse demonstrated that paired-pulse facilitation and post-tetanic potentiation were impaired in the mutant mice. In contrast, long-term depression (LTD) was not impaired. These results indicate that an important function of mGluR4 is to provide a presynaptic mechanism for maintaining synaptic efficacy during repetitive activation. The data also suggest that the presence of mGluR4 at the parallel fiber→Purkinje cell synapse is required for maintaining normal motor function.
Optomechanical position detection enhanced by de-amplification using intracavity squeezing
Creators: name: Peano, V.
name: Schwefel, H. G. L.
name: Marquardt, Ch.
name: Marquardt, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been predicted and experimentally demonstrated that by injecting squeezed light into an optomechanical device it is possible to enhance the precision of a position measurement. Here, we present a fundamentally different approach where the squeezing is created directly inside the cavity by a nonlinear medium. Counterintuitively, the enhancement of the signal to noise ratio works by de-amplifying precisely the quadrature that is sensitive to the mechanical motion without losing quantum information. This enhancement works for systems with a weak optomechanical coupling and/or strong mechanical damping. This could allow for larger mechanical bandwidth of quantum limited detectors based on optomechanical devices. Our approach can be straightforwardly extended to Quantum Non Demolition (QND) qubit detection.
description: references added, slight changes
Versuchung: moraltheologisch-geistliche Skizzen
Creators: name: Schlögel, Herbert
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 48 Nr. 1 (2019): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 48, Heft 1
Area selective ALD of cobalt as mediated by thermally induced dehydrocoupled SAMs
Creators: name: Brick, Chad
name: Arkles, Barry
name: Goff, Jonathan
name: Kaloyeros, Alain
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Cobalt
Area Specific Deposition
Chemical Vapor Deposition
Metallization
Thin Films

description: Organic trihydridosilanes provide an elegant route for generating self-assembled monolayers (SAM)s by vapor phase transport on a variety of substrates. Under mild conditions, these precursors can be made to interact with a variety of clean metal and hydrogenated metalloid surfaces such as Ti, Cu, and Si to form near-zero-thickness SAMs. These SAMs can be customized with specific functionality to activate or deactivate subsequent Co deposition on the underlying substrate, leading to area specific Co deposition.
Community Based Approaches to Address Affordable Housing for Low-Income Renters through Built Environments in Durham County, North Carolina
Creators: name: Pitcher, Ariana
name: Escudero, Josefina Labra
name: Stachowski, Alexa
name: Shankar, Abhishek
name: Cannon, Kali
name: Gonzalez, Karina
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Low-income renters in Durham County experience significant cost burden and reduced access to quality  nutritional options. Consequently, worse health outcomes can be perpetuated through lack of financial bandwidth or availability of nutritious food options. This proposal presents two key avenues to address these issues: a nutrition  community garden program and zoning policy reform. In order to address nutritional options for low-income residents of Durham County, Durham Housing Authority properties should implement a community garden and nutrition education program. To help alleviate cost burden, Durham County should lift Minimum Parking Standards (MPS) to reduce property rent and enhance efficient land use and affordable housing options.

Keywords: Parking reform, community gardens, Durham County, affordable housing, community engagement
IMPROVING HEALTH OUTCOMES OF CHILDREN WITH INCARCERATED PARENTS IN DURHAM COUNTY, NC THROUGH BAIL REFORM AND AFTER-SCHOOL NUTRITION PROGRAMS
Creators: name: Amberg, Jessica
name: Darr, Hannah
name: Kwok, Iris
name: Siira, Rick
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: The Social Determinants of Health (SDOH), social and community context, characterizes an individual’s relationships among family, friends, and community members. Healthy People 2030 has identified a national goal of reducing the proportion of children with incarcerated parents, estimating nationally that 7.5% of children under the age of seventeen have a parent who is incarcerated. Incarcerated individuals suffer a disruption in their family and community relationships. Children with parents who have served time in jail are at an increased risk for negative health outcomes, including being more likely to live in poverty, experience homelessness, have behavior problems, and experience food insecurity. This proposal aims to reform pretrial judicial policies in Durham County by eliminating cash bail to reduce the number of individuals experiencing pretrial incarceration. The proposal also aims to create an after-school food co-op program for these at-risk children.
Mapping tori of free group automorphisms, and the Bieri-Neumann-Strebel invariant of graphs of groups
Creators: name: Cashen, Christopher H.
name: Levitt, Gilbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F65, 20E, 57M

description: Let $G$ be the mapping torus of a polynomially growing automorphism of a finitely generated free group. We determine which epimorphisms from $G$ to $\mathbb{Z}$ have finitely generated kernel, and we compute the rank of the kernel. We thus describe all possible ways of expressing $G$ as the mapping torus of a free group automorphism. This is similar to the case for 3--manifold groups, and different from the case of mapping tori of exponentially growing free group automorphisms. The proof uses a hierarchical decomposition of $G$ and requires determining the Bieri-Neumann-Strebel invariant of the fundamental group of certain graphs of groups.
description: 21 pages
Maternal Cardiovascular Disease After Pre-Eclampsia and Gestational Hypertension: A Narrative Review
Creators: name: Johnson, Jasmine D.
name: Oliver-Williams, Clare
name: Vladutiu, Catherine J.
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications
Year: 2023

description: Previous literature has highlighted that women who have a pregnancy affected by gestational hypertension or preeclampsia are at higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in later life. However, CVD is a composite of multiple outcomes, including coronary heart disease, heart failure, and stroke, and the risk of both CVD and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy varies by the population studied. We conducted a narrative review of the risk of cardiovascular outcomes for women with prior gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia. Previous literature is summarized by country and ethnicity, with a higher risk of CVD and coronary heart disease observed after gestational hypertension and a higher risk of CVD, coronary heart disease and heart failure observed after pre-eclampsia in most of the populations studied. Only one study was identified in a low- or middle-income country, and the majority of studies were conducted in white or mixed ethnicity populations. We discuss potential interventions to mitigate cardiovascular risk for these women in different settings and highlight the need for a greater understanding of the epidemiology of CVD risk after gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia outside of high-income, white populations.
Accrual and Recruitment Practices at Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) Institutions: A Call for Expectations, Expertise, and Evaluation
Creators: name: Rubinstein, Eric P.
name: Schuff, Kathryn G.
name: D'Agostino, Toni
name: Hallarn, Rose
name: Kolb, H. Robert
name: Dozier, Ann M.
name: Mervin-Blake, Sabrena
name: Rathmann, Charles
name: Himmelfarb, Cheryl Dennison
name: Kost, Rhonda G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: To respond to increased public and programmatic demand to address underenrollment of clinical translational research studies, the authors examine participant recruitment practices at Clinical and Translational Science Award sites (CTSAs) and make recommendations for performance metrics and accountability.
Color-Coding Improves Parental Understanding of Body Mass Index Charting
Creators: name: Oettinger, Matthew D.
name: Finkle, Joanne P.
name: Perrin, Eliana M.
name: Esserman, Denise
name: Spain, Thomas K.
name: Rothman, Russell L.
name: Pattishall, Steven R.
name: Whitehead, Lisa
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: To assess parental understanding of body mass index (BMI) and BMI percentiles using standard versus color-coded charts and investigate how parental literacy and/or numeracy (quantitative skills) impacts that understanding.
Unified study of $J/ψ\to PV$, $Pγ^{(*)}$ and light hadron radiative processes
Creators: name: Chen, Yun-Hua
name: Guo, Zhi-Hui
name: Zou, Bing-Song
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the framework of the effective Lagrangian approach, we perform a thorough analysis of the $J/ψ\to Pγ(γ^*)$, $J/ψ\to VP$, $V\to Pγ(γ^*)$, $P\to Vγ(γ^*)$ and $P\toγγ(γ^*)$ processes, where $V$ stand for light vector resonances, $P$ stand for light pseudoscalar mesons, and $γ^*$ subsequently decays into lepton pairs. The processes with light pseudoscalar mesons $η$ and $η'$ are paid special attention to and the two-mixing-angle scheme is employed to describe their mixing. The four mixing parameters both in singlet-octet and quark-flavor bases are updated in this work. We confirm that the $J/ψ\to η(η^{\prime})γ^{(*)}$ processes are predominantly dominated by the $J/ψ\to η_c γ^{*} \to η(η^{\prime})γ^{(*)}$ mechanism. Predictions for the $J/ψ\to P μ^+μ^-$ are presented. A detailed discussion on the interplay between electromagnetic and strong transitions in the $J/ψ\to VP$ decays is given.
description: 29 pages, 8 figures and 6 tables. References added. Accepted by Phys.Rev.D
Diffraction-Enhanced Imaging of Musculoskeletal Tissues Using a Conventional X-Ray Tube
Creators: name: Parham, Christopher
name: Muehleman, Carol
name: Zhong, Zhong
name: Li, Jun
name: Connor, Dean
name: Pisano, Etta
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: In conventional projection radiography, cartilage and other soft tissues do not produce enough radiographic contrast to be distinguishable from each other. Diffraction-enhanced imaging (DEI) uses a monochromatic x-ray beam and a silicon crystal analyzer to produce images in which attenuation contrast is greatly enhanced and x-ray refraction at tissue boundaries can be detected. Here we test the efficacy of conventional x-ray tube-based DEI for the detection of soft tissues in experimental samples.
Socio-psychological effects of the beliefs on supernatural beings: Case studies from Southeast Anatolia
Creators: name: Siddiq, Abu B.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 170106 Health, Clinical and Counselling Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 170111 Psychology of Religion
subject: 170113 Social and Community Psychology

description: This study explores traditional beliefs and practices on the supernatural beings as well as their effects in Southeast Anatolian society. Case studies from six provinces of Southeast Anatolia indicate that there are still severe socio-psychological effects of the demonic possession, albeit constant debate about the existences of supernatural beings is seen throughout the region. While the religious and sacred books have a different approach to this issue, this field study illustrates that the supernatural forces are mostly regarded with exaggeration and great fear. Moreover, the people in Southeast Anatolia seem to be inherited the traditional beliefs and practices of supernatural beings from their religious, cultural and socio-environmental background.
Emergence and criticality in spatiotemporal synchronization: the complementarity model
Creators: name: Scirè, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work concerns the long-term dynamics of a spatiotemporal many-body deterministic model that exhibits emergence and self-organization, and which has been recently proposed as a new paradigm for Artificial Life. Collective structures emerge in the form of dynamic networks, created by bursts of spatiotemporal activity (avalanches) at the edge of a synchronization phase transition. The spatiotemporal dynamics is portraited by a motion picture and quantified by time varying collective parameters, which revealed that the dynamic networks undergo a "life cycle", made of self-creation, self-regulation, and self-destruction. The power spectra of the collective parameters show 1/f power-law tails, and the statistical properties of the avalanches, evaluated in terms of their size and durations, show power laws with characteristic exponents in agreement with those values found in the literature concerning neural networks. The mechanism underlying avalanches is discussed in terms of local-to-collective excitability. Finally, the connections that link the present work to self-organized criticality, neural networks and artificial life are discussed.
Serious mental illness in probation: A review
Creators: name: van Deinse, Tonya
name: Brooker, Charlie
name: Sirdifield, Coral
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications
Year: 2023

description: Research into serious mental illness and probation is reviewed. In addition, there is a specific review of the role of specialist mental health probation staff in the United States (US). In the discussion, we compare progress with the care of the seriously mentally ill within probation in Europe and the US. We conclude that the specialist role for probation staff developed in the US has significant advantages which have been well evaluated which should be implemented, in a large multi-centre trial, across Europe.
Rational homology cobordisms of plumbed 3-manifolds
Creators: name: Aceto, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M27

description: We investigate rational homology cobordisms of 3-manifolds with non-zero first Betti number. This is motivated by the natural generalization of the slice-ribbon conjecture to multicomponent links. In particular we consider the problem of which rational homology $S^1\times S^2$'s bound rational homology $S^1\times D^3$'s. We give a simple procedure to construct rational homology cobordisms between plumbed 3-manifold. We introduce a family F of plumbed 3-manifolds with first Betti number equal to 1. By adapting an obstruction based on Donaldson's diagonalization theorem we characterize all manifolds in F that bound rational homology $S^1\times D^3$'s. For all these manifolds a rational homology cobordism to $S^1\times S^2$ can be constructed via our procedure. The family F is large enough to include all Seifert fibered spaces over the 2-sphere with vanishing Euler invariant. In a subsequent paper we describe applications to arborescent link concordance.
description: 47 pages, 3 figures. Comments are welcome. The statement of Theorem 1.3 has been corrected
Furthering Understanding of the Optical Force Distribution in Condensed Matter
Creators: name: Behnke, Adam Winston
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 340304
subject: Optical properties of materials
classificationCode: 400909
subject: Photonic and electro-optical devices, sensors and systems (excl. communications)
classificationCode: 510299
subject: Atomic, molecular and optical physics not elsewhere classified

description: Light plays an ever-growing role in modern electronics. Despite many advances in optical science and technology, the collective understanding of the forces exerted by light throughout charge-neutral materials remains somewhat lacking. The first experiments demonstrating the existence of a pressure due to optical radiation were performed over a century ago, and there have been relatively few empirical studies since then that allow inference of how the optical force is distributed throughout electrically polarizable materials without a net charge. The research presented here contributes to the existing body of theoretical, computational, and experimental work relating to the investigation of the optical force density in condensed matter. In this work, an analytical investigation of the predictions of two force density formulations in the case of reflection from a planar interface provides insight into the spatial distribution of the optical force density in materials. Subsequent time-domain simulations for pulsed light in resonant plasmonic nanostructures offer understanding relating to the spatial and temporal aspects of electromagnetic momentum exchange with condensed matter. Lastly, an experimental arrangement to measure thin membrane deformations provides a platform for empirical characterization of optomechanical devices. Resulting understanding of the forces exerted by light in materials has applications in the design of new photonic devices, as well as new technologies that utilize optical forces analogous to micro-electromechanical systems. The impacts of the theoretical, computational, and experimental outcomes also extends to fundamental science, relating to the description of the kinetic properties of light in condensed matter.
Comparison of a Stationary Digital Breast Tomosynthesis System to Magnified 2D Mammography Using Breast Tissue Specimens
Creators: name: Lee, Yueh Z.
name: Kuzmiak, Cherie M.
name: Wu, Jaclyn
name: Tucker, Andrew W.
name: Zhou, Otto
name: Calliste, Jabari
name: Hyun, Noorie
name: Zeng, Donglin
name: Gidcumb, Emily M.
name: Lu, Jianping
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: RATIONAL AND OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to compare the stationary digital breast tomosynthesis (s-DBT) system to a conventional mammography system in a study of breast specimens. Radiologist evaluation of image quality was assessed in a reader study. This study represents the first human tissue imaging with the novel carbon nanotube-based s-DBT device.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-nine patients, with known breast lesions (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System 4 or 5) by conventional mammography and scheduled for needle localization biopsy, were recruited under an institutional review board-approved protocol. Specimen images were obtained using a two-dimensional (2D) mammography system with a ×1.8 magnification factor and an s-DBT system without a high magnification factor. A reader study was performed with four breast fellowship-trained radiologists over two separate sessions. Malignancy scores were recorded for both masses and microcalcifications (MCs). Reader preference between the two modalities for MCs, masses, and surgical margins was recorded.

RESULTS: The s-DBT system was found to be comparable to magnified 2D mammography for malignancy diagnosis. Readers preferred magnified 2D mammography for MC visualization (P < .05). However, readers trended toward a preference for s-DBT with respect to masses and surgical margin assessment.

CONCLUSIONS: Here, we report on the first human data acquired using a stationary digital breast tomosynthesis system. The novel s-DBT system was found to be comparable to magnified 2D mammography imaging for malignancy diagnosis. Given the trend of preference for s-DBT over 2D mammography for both mass visibility and margin assessment, s-DBT could be a viable alternative to magnified 2D mammography for imaging breast specimens.