cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Threefolds with big and nef anticanonical bundles I
Creators: name: Jahnke, Priska
name: Peternell, Thomas
name: Radloff, Ivo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J45, 14J30, 14E05

description: We start the classification of smooth projective threefolds X whose anticanonical bundles -K_X are big and nef but not ample. In this paper we treat the case b_2(X) = 2 and the morphism associated with the base point free linear system |-mK_X|, m>>0, is divisorial.
description: 51 pages, LaTeX2e; final version, to appear in Math. Ann
Quantifying the effects of quarantine using an IBM SEIR model on scalefree networks
Creators: name: Marquioni, Vitor M.
name: de Aguiar, Marcus A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The COVID-19 pandemic led several countries to resort to social distancing, the only known way to slow down the spread of the virus and keep the health system under control. Here we use an individual based model (IBM) to study how the duration, start date and intensity of quarantine affect the height and position of the peak of the infection curve. We show that stochastic effects, inherent to the model dynamics, lead to variable outcomes for the same set of parameters, making it crucial to compute the probability of each result. To simplify the analysis we divide the outcomes in only two categories, that we call {best and worst scenarios. Although long and intense quarantine is the best way to end the epidemic, it is very hard to implement in practice. Here we show that relatively short and intense quarantine periods can also be very effective in flattening the infection curve and even killing the virus, but the likelihood of such outcomes are low. Long quarantines of relatively low intensity, on the other hand, can delay the infection peak and reduce its size considerably with more than 50% probability, being a more effective policy than complete lockdown for short periods.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
Supernova Interaction with a Dense Detached Shell in SN 2001em
Creators: name: Chandra, Poonam
name: Chevalier, Roger A.
name: Chugai, Nikolai
name: Milisavljevic, Danny
name: Fransson, Claes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We carry out a comprehensive analysis of supernova \snem\ covering a period of 19 years since discovery. SN 2001em is the oldest supernova known to have undergone a metamorphosis from a stripped envelope to an interacting supernova. An early spectrum indicates it exploded as a Type Ib supernova. Later, the ejecta caught up with a dense circumstellar H-shell, ejected a few thousand years before the explosion, triggering interaction between the supernova ejecta and the dense shell, producing radio, X-ray and H$α$ emission. We use archival data with the Very Large Array in radio bands and with Chandra, XMM-NEWTON and SWIFT-XRT in X-ray bands, along with published H$α$ measurements. We combine these data with our low radio frequency observations with the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope at two epochs covering three frequencies. While the observations missed the phase when the shock entered the dense shell, the X-rays indicate that the shock came out of the dense shell at around 1750 days. The data suggest a forward shock origin of the X-ray emission. Radio data show a spectral inversion at late epochs ($> 5000$\,d) at around 3 GHz, which mimics the properties of the central absorbed component seen in SN 1986J. A possible explanation for this component is that the progenitor of \snem\ was a massive binary system which had undergone a period of common envelope evolution. The hydrogen envelope from the \snem\ progenitor may have been lost as a result of binary interaction.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Gibbs measures on Subshifts
Creators: name: Kimura, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37Axx, 37A60, 37B10

description: The notion of Gibbs Measure is used by many researchers of the communities of Mathematical Physics, Probability, Thermodynamic Formalism, Symbolic Dynamics, and others. A natural question is when these several different notions of Gibbs measure coincide. We study the properties of Gibbs measures for functions with $d-$summable variation defined on a subshift $X$. Based on Meyerovitch's work, we prove that if $X$ is a subshift of finite type (SFT), then any equilibrium measure is also a Gibbs measure. Although the definition provided by Meyerovitch does not make any mention to conditional expectations, we show that in the case where $X$ is a SFT, it is possible to characterize these measures in terms of more familiar notions presented in the literature of Mathematical Physics using DLR equations.
description: Motivated by colleagues' questions, this Master Dissertation proves that, under the suitable hypothesis, the notions of Gibbs measure defined by Capocaccia, Dobrushin-Lanford-Ruelle (DLR), Conformal, and others coincide. Some implications are true for SFT, others in general. A review will be written in the future, including the notion of DLR measure in the setting of groupoids
Система словообразования в современном немецком и узбекском языках и ее сравнительный анализ
Creators: name: Zayniddin Sanakulov
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 200408 Linguistic Structures (incl. Grammar, Phonology, Lexicon, Semantics)
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: Данная статья посвящена дериватологии. В ней освещены вопросы раздела словообразования немецкого и узбекского языков, вопросы его изучения и способы образования лексем в синхронном аспекте. В современном узбекском языке словообразование как самостоятельная наука изучалось в рамках грамматики и позже в разделе лексикологии. А в немецком языке оно исследовано в осносном как раздел грамматики. В ходе исследования приведены научные выводы по данному спорному вопросу ведущих немецких и узбекских лингвистов, в том числе В. Флайшер, И. Барц, В. Моч, А. Гулямов, А. Ҳаджиев и других ученых. В рамках исследования охвачено сравнительный анализ способов словообразования сопоставляемых языков характерных для сравниваемых языков. В процессе работы использован метод сравнительно-сопоставительного анализа в синхронном аспекте.
Microuidics control the ballistic energy of thermocavitation liquid jets for needle-free injections
Creators: name: Galvez, Loreto Oyarte
name: Fraters, Arjan
name: Offerhaus, Herman L.
name: Versluis, Michel
name: Hunter, Ian W.
name: Rivas, David Fernandez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Illuminating a water solution with a focused continuous wave laser produces a strong local heating of the liquid that leads to the nucleation of bubbles, also known as thermocavitation. During the growth of the bubble, the surrounding liquid is expelled from the constraining microfluidic channel through a nozzle, creating a jet. The characteristics of the resulting liquid jet was imaged using ultra-fast imaging techniques. Here, we provide a phenomenological description of the jet shapes and velocities, and compare them with a Boundary Integral numerical model. We define the parameter regime, varying jet speed, taper geometry and liquid volume, for optimal printing, injection and spray applications. These results are important for the design of energy-efficient needle-free jet injectors based on microfluidic thermocavitation.
Stability of hydrodynamical relativistic planar jets. II. Long-term nonlinear evolution
Creators: name: Perucho, M.
name: Marti, J. M.
name: Hanasz, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we continue our study of the Kelvin-Helmholtz (KH) instability in relativistic planar jets following the long-term evolution of the numerical simulations which were introduced in Paper I. The models have been classified into four classes (I to IV) with regard to their evolution in the nonlinear phase, characterized by the process of jet/ambient mixing and momentum transfer. Models undergoing qualitatively different non-linear evolution are clearly grouped in well-separated regions in a jet Lorentz factor/jet-to-ambient enthalpy diagram. Jets with a low Lorentz factor and small enthalpy ratio are disrupted by a strong shock after saturation. Those with a large Lorentz factor and enthalpy ratio are unstable although the process of mixing and momentum exchange proceeds to a longer time scale due to a steady conversion of kinetic to internal energy in the jet. In these cases, the high value of the initial Lorentz seems to prevent transversal velocity from growing far enough to generate the strong shock that breaks the slower jets. Finally, jets with either high Lorentz factors and small enthalpy ratios or low Lorentz factors and large enthalpy ratios appear as the most stable.
description: Paper II, 16 pages. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics. Due to arXiv limits, figures have low quality. Better quality ones will be available in the published paper or on request to manuel.perucho@uv.es
Semiclassical modeling of coupled quantum dot-cavity systems: From polariton-like dynamics to Rabi oscillations
Creators: name: Jürgens, K.
name: Lengers, F.
name: Kuhn, T.
name: Reiter, D. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Semiconductor quantum dots in photonic cavities are strongly coupled light-matter systems with prospective applications in optoelectronic devices and quantum information processing. Here we present a theoretical study of the coupled exciton--light field dynamics of a planar quantum dot ensemble, treated as two-level systems, embedded in a photonic cavity modeled by Maxwell's equations. When excited by coupling an external short laser pulse into the cavity, we find an exciton-polariton-like behavior for weak excitation and Rabi oscillations for strong excitation with a sharp transition between these regimes. In the transition region we find highly non-linear dynamics involving high harmonics of the fundamental oscillation. We perform a numerical study based on the Finite-Difference-Time-Domain method for the solution of Maxwell's equations coupled to Bloch equations for the quantum dots and also derive an analytical model to describe the coupled cavity-quantum dot system, which allows us to describe the light field dynamics in terms of a Newton-like dynamics in an effective anharmonic potential. From the shape of this potential combined with the initial conditions the transition can be well understood. The model is then extended to a broadened ensemble of quantum dots. For weak excitation the polariton spectrum broadens and the lines slightly shift, however, the sharp transition to the Rabi oscillation regime is still present. Furthermore, we find a second, lower threshold with additional lines in the spectra which can be traced back to Rabi oscillations driven by the polariton modes. Our approach provides new insights in the dynamics of both quantum dot and light field in the photonic structure.
A dynamical model for the CSO-MSO-FRII evolution: hints from hot spot properties
Creators: name: Perucho, M.
name: Marti, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Compact Symmetric Objects (CSOs) are considered the young counterparts of large doubles according to advance speeds measured or inferred from spectral ageing. Here we present a simple power law model for the CSO/FRII evolution based on the study of sources with well defined hot-spots. The luminosity of the hot spots is estimated under minimum energy conditions. The advance of the source is considered to proceed in ram pressure equilibrium with the ambient medium. Finally, we also assume that the jets feeding the hot spots are relativistic and have a time dependent power. Comparison with observational data allows to interpret the CSO-FRII evolution in terms of decreasing jet power with time.
description: 7 pages
A Constant Bar Fraction out to Redshift z~1 in the Advanced Camera for Surveys Field of the Tadpole Galaxy
Creators: name: Elmegreen, Bruce G.
name: Elmegreen, Debra Meloy
name: Hirst, Amelia C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bar-like structures were investigated in a sample of 186 disk galaxies larger than 0.5 arcsec that are in the I-band image of the Tadpole galaxy taken with the HST ACS. We found 22 clear cases of barred galaxies, 21 galaxies with small bars that appear primarily as isophotal twists in a contour plot, and 11 cases of peculiar bars in clump-cluster galaxies, which are face-on versions of chain galaxies. The latter bars are probably young, as the galaxies contain only weak interclump emission. Four of the clearly barred galaxies at z~0.8-1.2 have grand design spirals. The bar fraction was determined as a function of galaxy inclination and compared with the analogous distribution in the local Universe. The bar fraction was also determined as a function of galaxy angular size. These distributions suggest that inclination and resolution effects obscure nearly half of the bars in our sample. The bar fraction was also determined as a function of redshift. We found a nearly constant bar fraction of 0.23+-0.03 from z~0 to z=1.1. When corrected for inclination and size effects, this fraction is comparable to the bar fraction in the local Universe, ~0.4, as tabulated for all bar and Hubble types in the Third Reference Catalogue of Galaxies. The average major axis of a barred galaxy in our sample is ~10 kpc after correcting for redshift with a LambdaCDM cosmology. Galaxy bars were present in normal abundance at least ~8 Gy ago (z~1); bar dissolution cannot be common during a Hubble time unless the bar formation rate is comparable to the dissolution rate.
description: to appear in ApJ, Sept 1, 2004, Vol 612, 18 pg, 12 figures
Hammer etal 2015 A New Industry on a Skewed Playing Field. Supply Chain Relations and Working Conditions in UK Garment Manufacturing
Creators: name: Hammer, Nikolaus
name: Plugor, Réka
name: Nolan, Peter
name: Clark, Ian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 140211 Labour Economics
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This report for the Ethical Trading Initiative investigated value chain restructuring in the UK apparel industry. Accelerated by the rise of fast fashion, it found significant minimum wage violations and increasing precarity at work and in employment contracts. Public as well as private regulatory and enforcement systems and practices were found to be largely inefficient.
Determinanty wykorzystania internetu w prowadzeniu gospodarstwa rolnego
Creators: name: Petrovska, Iryna
name: Pietrych, Łukasz
name: Petrovska, Iryna
name: Pietrych, Łukasz
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Internet
subject: agriculture
subject: information
subject: / internet
subject: rolnictwo
subject: informacja

description: The aim of this study was to identify factors that influence the propensity to use the Internet by farmers. The theoretical part characterized the model and method of estimation. The methodological part built a multinomial model, which explained the probability of using the Internet for the work activity of farmers. The explanatory variables which had the greatest influence for explained variables, proved to be the investment activity and the gender of the manager of the farm. / Synopsis. Celem pracy była próba wskazania czynników wpływających na skłonności do wykorzystywania internetu w celach zawodowych przez rolników. W części teoretycznej scharakteryzowano model oraz omówiono sposób estymacji. W części metodycznej zbudowano wielomianowy model uporządkowany, za pomocą którego objaśniono prawdopodobieństwo wykorzystywania internetu w celach zawodowych. Zmiennymi, które najsilniej oddziaływają na zmienną objaśnianą okazały się fakt podejmowania działalności inwestycyjnej oraz płeć kierownika gospodarstwa rolnego.
Molecular gas structure around an AGN with nuclear starburst: 3-D Non-LTE calculations of CO lines
Creators: name: Wada, Keiichi
name: Tomisaka, Kohji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed three-dimensional, non-LTE radiative transfer calculations for 12CO and 13CO lines, applying them to our high-resolution hydrodynamic models of the `torus' around a SMBH in an active galactic nucleus. The hydrodynamic simulations reveal inhomogeneous and turbulent gas structure on a sub-pc scale in a circum-nuclear starburst region. Thick disks interlaced with filaments, clumps and holes are naturally formed due to the interplay among energy feedback from supernovae, self-gravity of the gas, galactic rotation, and radiative cooling. The intensity maps of the molecular lines for the circum-nuclear disks show a clumpy structure reflecting the intrinsic inhomogeneity and turbulent motion of the gas disk. The fine structure of the `torus' could be resolved in the nearby active galaxies using ALMA. We also found that the X-factor is not uniformly distributed in the central 100 pc region. The X-factor derived for 12CO(J=1-0) intensity depends strongly on the intensity, whereas the X for 12CO(3-2) is nearly constant over two orders of magnitude of the intensity. The suggested conversion factor for the molecular gas mass is X_CO (3-2) ~ 0.27 x 10^{20} cm^{-2} (K km s^{-1})^{-1}.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures. ApJ 20 Jan., 2005, in press
Low regularity of non-$L^2(R^n)$ local solutions to gMHD-alpha systems
Creators: name: Riva, Lorenzo
name: Pennington, Nathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B65, 35A02, 76W05

description: The Magneto-Hydrodynamic (MHD) system of equations governs viscous fluids subject to a magnetic field and is derived via a coupling of the Navier-Stokes equations and Maxwell's equations. Recently it has become common to study generalizations of fluids-based differential equations. Here we consider the generalized Magneto-Hydrodynamic alpha (gMHD-$α$) system, which differs from the original MHD system by including an additional non-linear terms (indexed by $α$), and replacing the Laplace operators by more general Fourier multipliers with symbols of the form $-|ξ|^γ/ g(|ξ|)$. In a paper by Pennington, the problem was considered with initial data in the Sobolev space $H^{s,2}(\mathbb{R}^n)$ with $n \geq 3$. Here we consider the problem with initial data in $H^{s,p}(\mathbb{R}^n)$ with $n \geq 3$ and $p > 2$. Our goal is to minimize the regularity required for obtaining uniqueness of a solution.
description: 17 pages
title: Short notes about how to explain social movement: the event, the organisation, the consciousness of the actors, historicism and social movement
title: Brèves notes sur comment définir le mouvement social (par l'évènement, par l'organisation, par la conscience des acteurs)
title: مذكّرات قصيرة عن كيف تعرَّف الحركة الاجتماعية: الحدث والتنظيم ووعي الفاعلين
Creators: name: Seurat, Michel
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2019

description: Source: http://www.calames.abes.fr/pub/ms/FileId-2994
Gospodarowanie różnorodnością biologiczną na terenach leśnych włączonych do sieci Natura 2000 – zarys koncepcji
Creators: name: Płotkowski, Lech
name: Gruchała, Arkadiusz
name: Piekutin, Jarosław
name: Płotkowski, Lech
name: Gruchała, Arkadiusz
name: Piekutin, Jarosław
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Political Economy
subject: forest management
subject: biodiversity
subject: joint production
subject: Principal-Agent Model
subject: / gospodarka leśna
subject: bioróżnorodność
subject: produkcja łączna
subject: Model Przełożony-Podwładny

description: The paper briefly describes the economic context in which the conservation of forest biodiversity is to take place. We focus on the new forms of regulation of forest resource management which has the goal of maintaining or improving biological diversity within the European Network Natura 2000. Next we analyze their implications for development on both the methodologies of management and the extra costs that forest owners and managers may have to bear. We base our study on the principal of joint production. We then concentrate on the possible application of a Principal- Agent model. We have to note that in Poland this type of tool has not been implemented yet. / Synopsis. W pracy zajęto się opisem ekonomicznych warunków, w jakich idea ochrony bioróżnorodności leśnej może być skutecznie realizowana. Przede wszystkim skoncentrowano się na nowych formach regulacji gospodarki zasobami leśnymi mających na celu zachowanie i pomnażanie różnorodności biologicznej na terenach leśnych włączonych do sieci Natura 2000. W następnej kolejności dokonano analizy implikacji ekonomicznych związanych z wprowadzaniem różnego typu regulacji zarówno od strony metodologicznej, jak i dodatkowych kosztów, jakie obarczą gospodarstwo leśne w takich przypadkach. W tym celu wykorzystano znany w teorii zarządzania model Przełożony-Podwładny. Warto zaznaczyć, że w leśnictwie naszego kraju tego typu narzędzie analizy nie było dotychczas stosowane.
Ekoinnowacje – wybrane aspekty
Creators: name: Popławski, Łukasz
name: Popławski, Łukasz
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: International Development
subject: development of ecoinnovation
subject: innovation
subject: agribusiness
subject: / rozwój ekoinnowacji
subject: innowacja
subject: agrobiznes

description: In the future innovation, they will determine the growth and the socio-economic development of countries. Innovation is the driving force of modern economy and it requires investment and support. The objective of the paper is presentation of selected aspects of ecoinnovation. Therefore the article concerns the implementation of innovations. / Synopis. W przyszłości to właśnie innowacje będą stanowiły o wzroście i rozwoju społeczno- gospodarczym krajów. Innowacja jest siła napędową współczesnej gospodarki i wymaga nakładów oraz wsparcia. Artykuł podejmuje temat przedstawienia wybranych aspektów ekoinnowacji Z tego względu w artykule poruszono zagadnienie wdrażania innowacji przynoszących korzyści środowisku przyrodniczemu.
Handel rolno-spożywczy UE-Rosja – efekty rosyjskich sankcji
Creators: name: Rosińska-Bukowska, Magdalena
name: Rosińska-Bukowska, Magdalena
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: restrictions
subject: sanctions
subject: agri-food trade
subject: trade EU-Russia
subject: agriculture
subject: SITC
subject: / sankcje
subject: handel rolno-spożywczy
subject: handel UE-Rosja
subject: rolnictwo

description: The aim of the study is to assess the impact of Russian sanctions on EU Member States (including Poland) and any resulting changes in the structure and volume of the agri-food trade. The study involved comparing the trade before restrictions (2013) and in the same period after the introduction of Russia’s sanctions (2014). The study attempts to assess the impact of sanctions on the economic interests of EU Member States which are the main exporters to the Russian market. A sectoral approach has been presented, taking into account different sections of the agri-food export according to SITC as well as a detailed analysis of the effects of restrictions on the Polish agri-food market. / Synopsis. Celem artykułu jest próba oceny wpływu zastosowania przez Rosję sankcji odwetowych wobec państw członkowskich UE (w tym Polski) na zmiany w strukturze i wielkości handlu rolno- spożywczego. Badanie przeprowadzono porównując obroty handlowe przed sankcjami (2013) oraz w analogicznym okresie po wprowadzeniu sankcji rosyjskich (2014). Podjęto próbę oceny wpływu sankcji na wartość i strukturę obrotów handlowych państw członkowskich UE, będących głównymi eksporterami na rynek rosyjski. Przedstawiono ujęcie sektorowe, uwzględniające poszczególne sekcje eksportu według Standard International Trade Classification (SITC) oraz szczegółową analizę skutków sankcji wobec polskiego rynku rolno-spożywczego.
Ocena poziomu rozwoju sektora rolnego w krajach Unii Europejskiej
Creators: name: Szczukocka, Agata
name: Szczukocka, Agata
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: International Development
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: agriculture
subject: multidimensional scaling
subject: European Union
subject: / sektor rolny
subject: skalowanie wielowymiarowe

description: The main purpose of this paper is to discuss the issue of agricultural sector development in Poland and other countries in the European Union. Attention is focused on the fundamental factors influencing agricultural development, including: employment rate, agriculture’s share in GDP, modernizations and improvement of productivity. The multidimensional scaling method was used to analyze the similarities of agricultural development in the European Union countries. / Streszczenie. W artykule poruszono problem rozwoju sektora rolnego w Polsce i krajach Unii Europejskiej. Zwrócona została uwaga na podstawowe czynniki wpływające na rozwój rolnictwa, między innymi: poziom zatrudnienia, udział rolnictwa w PKB, modernizacje i poprawę produktywności. W celu analizy zachodzących podobieństw rozwoju rolnictwa w państwach Unii Europejskiej wykorzystano metodę skalowania wielowymiarowego.
title: Re-connecting the Thames
Creators: name: Aichinger, Anna
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Public space
subject: Riverside

description: Der Fokus dieser Arbeit liegt auf der architektonischen Frage, wie öffentliche Räume nächst dicht besiedelter Flussufer geschaffen werden können. Die Stadt London wird zunehmend dichter bebaut, während die Bereitstellung von hochwertigen öffentlichen Naherholungsräumen vernachlässigt wird. Die Themse als Londons größter Freiraum ist prädestiniert für die Schaffung solcher Räume, doch die Revitalisierung der Docklands in den 1980er Jahren hat es versäumt, Flussufer als wertvolle öffentliche Erholungsorte zu behandeln. Neuere Tendenzen hin zur Monetarisierung von Flussufern stellen oft nicht die Inklusivität öffentlicher Räume sicher. In Wapping, einem früheren Hafenviertel in der Nähe des Stadtzentrums, sind diese Trends besonders gut erkennbar. Die ad-hoc-Entwicklung der Brachflächen dieses Gebietes hat den Zugang zum Flussufer erschwert und die Verbindung von Fluss und Stadtgefüge unterbrochen. Auf dem ehemaligen Standort des Londoner Docks in Wapping hat die Füllung des historischen Docks in wenig genutzten Restflächen und in einer unterbrochenen räumlichen Beziehung zwischen Stadt und Fluss resultiert. In dieser Arbeit wird ein öffentliches Gebäude vorgeschlagen, das städtisches Gefüge und Fluss verbindet und weitläufige öffentliche Freiflächen bietet. Räumlich und programmatisch stellt das vorgeschlagene River Science Center eine neue Beziehung zwischen der Öffentlichkeit und der Themse her, um eine Veränderung der Nutzung und Wahrnehmung von Londons wertvollstem öffentlichen Erholungsraum zu bewirken.
description: The focus of this thesis is the architectural question of how to (re-)introduce public spaces to densely-built up riverside environments. The city of London is densifying fast, yet the provision of high quality recreational public spaces is lagging behind. The Thames as Londons biggest open space is predestined for the creation of such spaces, yet 1980s dockland regeneration has failed to treat riverside spaces as valuable environments for public recreation. Recent tendencies to monetarise water spaces do so without ensuring the inclusiveness of public spaces. In Wapping, the docklands area closest to the city center, these patterns are especially visible. The ad-hoc urban development of the areas brownfield sites has resulted in impeded access to the riverfront and in a disrupted connection of river and city fabric. At the site of the former location of the London Dock entrance in Wapping, the infill of the historical dock has created underutilised leftover spaces and a disrupted spatial relationship of city and river. In this thesis, a public building is proposed that connects urban fabric and river and provides ample open public space. Spatially and programmatically, the proposed River Science Center establishes a new connection between the public and the Thames, to effect a change of the use and perception of Londons most valuable recreational space.
Maintaining Utopia: Old Economy Village & Preparing for Eternity
Creators: name: Mallea, Erin
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Art

description: From 2017–2018, I spent six months at Old Economy Village (OEV) to learn more about historic maintenance. Located along 18 miles northwest of Pittsburgh OEV “preserves and presents the life, thought, and material culture of the Harmony Society,” a religious, utopian, and socialist separatist community that settled in Pennsylvania in 1805.This paper examines the turbulent creation of the National Historic Landmark in 1916 and the site’s contemporary preservation practices as a larger meditation on the logic and challenges of historicization.Focusing on a humorous self-portrait of John Duss, the final Harmonist trustee, this thesis presents Duss’s story as a central figure in the creation of the historic site and the memory of the Harmonists. Duss’s narrative serves as a reminder of the flawed nature of museums at large and the politicized role of the State in constructing history and national mythology.Through site-specific fieldwork, the paper develops the term “accidental parody” to describe moments in the OEV collection, such as Duss’s portrait, that are productive for challenging dominant systems of power and categorization. Such moments reveal how historical narratives are constructed and make visible the holes, breaks of character, and collapsing myths. Accidental parody can highlight the failures and impossibility of reproduction, existence of deterioration and decay within preservation, and the inadequacies of the systems we live in to do what they proclaim.Ultimately, the paper argues for the necessity of a politic of care and social responsibility within historic preservation. Environmental and ideological conditioning collapse within practices of preservation. National mythology is naturalized and propped up by places demarcated as worth the labor of remembering. Care advocates for a more critical and flexible system of historic preservation that forefronts the ability to adapt and accounts for change, incongruity, and bias. This ethic of care realizes the impossibility of replicating the world that was, and utilizes history to speak to the past in relationship to the world that is.
Continuous Spin Representations from Group Contraction
Creators: name: Khan, Abu M.
name: Ramond, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider how the continuous spin representation (CSR) of the Poincare group in four dimensions can be generated by dimensional reduction. The analysis uses the front-form little group in five dimensions, which must yield the Euclidean group E(2), the little group of the CSR. We consider two cases, one is the single spin massless representation of the Poincare group in five dimensions, the other is the infinite component Majorana equation, which describes an infinite tower of massive states in five dimensions. In the first case, the double singular limit j,R go to infinity, with j/R fixed, where R is the Kaluza-Klein radius of the fifth dimension, and j is the spin of the particle in five dimensions, yields the CSR in four dimensions. It amounts to the Inonu-Wigner contraction, with the inverse K-K radius as contraction parameter. In the second case, the CSR appears only by taking a triple singular limit, where an internal coordinate of the Majorana theory goes to infinity, while leaving its ratio to the KK radius fixed.
description: 22 pages; some typos corrected
Estimating Rank-One Spikes from Heavy-Tailed Noise via Self-Avoiding Walks
Creators: name: Ding, Jingqiu
name: Hopkins, Samuel B.
name: Steurer, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study symmetric spiked matrix models with respect to a general class of noise distributions. Given a rank-1 deformation of a random noise matrix, whose entries are independently distributed with zero mean and unit variance, the goal is to estimate the rank-1 part. For the case of Gaussian noise, the top eigenvector of the given matrix is a widely-studied estimator known to achieve optimal statistical guarantees, e.g., in the sense of the celebrated BBP phase transition. However, this estimator can fail completely for heavy-tailed noise. In this work, we exhibit an estimator that works for heavy-tailed noise up to the BBP threshold that is optimal even for Gaussian noise. We give a non-asymptotic analysis of our estimator which relies only on the variance of each entry remaining constant as the size of the matrix grows: higher moments may grow arbitrarily fast or even fail to exist. Previously, it was only known how to achieve these guarantees if higher-order moments of the noises are bounded by a constant independent of the size of the matrix. Our estimator can be evaluated in polynomial time by counting self-avoiding walks via a color -coding technique. Moreover, we extend our estimator to spiked tensor models and establish analogous results.
description: 38 pages
Quantum noise and mixedness of a pumped dissipative non-linear oscillator
Creators: name: Bajer, Jiri
name: Miranowicz, Adam
name: Andrzejewski, Mateusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Evolutions of quantum noise, characterized by quadrature squeezing parameter and Fano factor, and of mixedness, quantified by quantum von Neumann and linear entropies, of a pumped dissipative non-linear oscillator are studied. The model can describe a signal mode interacting with a thermal reservoir in a parametrically pumped cavity with a Kerr non-linearity. It is discussed that the initial pure states, including coherent states, Fock states, and finite superpositions of coherent states evolve into the same steady mixed state as verified by the quantum relative entropy and the Bures metric. It is shown analytically and verified numerically that the steady state can be well approximated by a nonclassical Gaussian state exhibiting quadrature squeezing and sub-Poissonian statistics for the cold thermal reservoir. A rapid increase is found in the mixedness, especially for the initial Fock states and superpositions of coherent states, during a very short time interval, and then for longer evolution times a decrease in the mixedness to the same, for all the initial states, and relatively low value of the nonclassical Gaussian state.
description: 10 pages, 12 figures
Wydatki na żywność w warunkach kryzysu gospodarczego z 2008 roku w wybranych krajach Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej
Creators: name: Szuba-Barańska, Ewelina
name: Mrówczyńska-Kamińska, Aldona
name: Szuba-Barańska, Ewelina
name: Mrówczyńska-Kamińska, Aldona
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: economic crisis
subject: food expenditure
subject: Central-Eastern Europe countries
subject: / kryzys gospodarczy
subject: wydatki na żywność
subject: państwa Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej

description: The economic crisis in 2008 caused recession in developed countries and in most developing countries. The main aim of the study was to conduct an impact assessment of its effect on food expenditures in selected Central-Eastern European countries. Changes in the macroeconomic situation caused by the economic crisis slightly affected the level and structure of consumption expenditures (expenditures on food and non-alcoholic beverages). The results confirm that the expenditure on food (products that meet the basic physiological needs of human) did not significantly change over time, despite the deterioration of the population's income, because these expenditures are necessary. There is no possibility of replacing food with a substitute or postponing the consumption of food for a later time. Slight decreases in expenditure on food during the crisis did, arise but there was a need to maintain the achieved level of consumption by the public, despite the decline in their income. / Synopsis. Kryzys gospodarczy z 2008 roku doprowadził do recesji w krajach rozwiniętych i w większości krajów rozwijających się. Celem głównym artykułu była ocena wpływu skutków kryzysu na wydatki na żywność w wybranych krajach Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej. Zmiany sytuacji makroekonomicznej, wywołane kryzysem gospodarczym w niewielkim stopniu wpłynęły na poziom i strukturę wydatków konsumpcyjnych, w tym wydatków na żywność i napoje bezalkoholowe. Wyniki badań potwierdzają ogólne znane prawidłowości, że wydatki na żywność, czyli na produkty zaspokajające podstawowe fizjologiczne potrzeby człowieka, pomimo pogorszenia sytuacji dochodowej ludności nie ulegają istotnym zmianom, ponieważ są niezbędne. Nie można odłożyć ich w czasie i występuje brak możliwości zastąpienia produktów żywnościowych przez substytuty. Niewielkie spadki wydatków na żywność w okresie kryzysu wynikają również z potrzeby utrzymywania osiągniętego poziomu konsumpcji przez społeczeństwo, pomimo zmniejszania się ich dochodów.
Hepatic effects of low dose-rate radiation in natural mouse populations (Apodemus uralensis and Apodemus agrarius): comparative interspecific analysis
Creators: name: Natal´Ya A. Orekhova
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology

description: Hypothesis: Natural mouse populations in radioactive contamination zone provide adequate information about dose loads and biological effects for “non-human biota”. The comparative analysis of the responses of different species of mice allows us to reveal the possible variation in the effects of low dose-rate radiation relative to the ecological-physiological and functional-metabolic features of the species. Materials and methods: Objects of study – two sympatric rodent species [pygmy wood mouse (Apodemus uralensis Pallas, 1811) and striped field mouse (Apodemus agrarius Pallas, 1771)] caught on the territory of the East-Ural radioactive trace (EURT). The EURT zone is consequence the Kyshtym accident in South Urals in 1957. Now days, the main dose-forming radionuclide is β-emitting 90Sr. The individual dose rate of impacted mice caused by internal exposure to 90Sr varied from 0.021 to 0.152 mGy/day. The baseline functional-metabolic characteristics of the liver were researched: protein-, lipid-, and glycogen-synthesising processes; glycolysis; aerobic synthesis of ATP; lipid peroxidation; and the H2O2-scavenging enzymatic status; and the functional activity of the genome. Results: The hepatic shifts for impacted populations are amplified with increasing dose rate of irradiation, regardless of which species is considered. But, the response of closely related species of rodents to irradiation is different both in the vector and the level (in A. agrarius sample was 2 time higher than that for A. uralensis). Conclusion: The radiation-induced hepatic shifts in A. uralensis from the EURT area correspond to the chronic response under stressful environmental conditions. The impacted population of A. agrarius can be considered the more reactive species to the radiation burden, demonstrating an acute effect. The interspecies contrast in the radiation response is associated with the original interspecies differences (background rodents' samples in 28 km from the impact study site), and also the degree of residency of the species in the impact plots.
Polityka rolna Chin po 1978 roku
Creators: name: Wieliczko, Barbara
name: Wieliczko, Barbara
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Political Economy
subject: China
subject: agricultural policy
subject: / Chiny
subject: polityka rolna

description: The changes in agricultural policy introduced since the Chinese great opening launched in 1978 transformed the conditions of conducting agricultural activity. The first step was the transfer of land to individual farmers in the form of a lease. Later, taxation of agriculture was abolished and a number of subsidies were introduced. At the same time, China became a WTO member, which increased the competition on the Chinese market and constantly forced increases in quality and productivity of domestic agriculture. Despite almost 40 years of reform, the country still struggles with low productivity and a structural prevalence of small scale farming. Further changes in the sector will be made even more difficult by problems stemming from climate change and limited access to natural resources. The article presents the key changes in Chinese agricultural policy in the years 1978-2013 and identifies the necessary steps for reforming agriculture aimed at increasing its long-term competitiveness. / Synopsis. Zmiany w polityce rolnej Chin, które wprowadzono od czasu tzw. wielkiego otwarcia Chin zapoczątkowanego w 1978 r. diametralnie zmieniły uwarunkowania prowadzenia działalności rolniczej. Przekazanie ziemi w indywidualną dzierżawę było pierwszym etapem przemian. Później zlikwidowano opodatkowanie rolnictwa oraz wprowadzono szereg subsydiów. Jednocześnie uzyskanie przez Chiny członkostwa w WTO zwiększyło konkurencję na chińskim rynku i stale wymusza podnoszenie jakości i produktywności krajowego rolnictwa. Mimo blisko 40 lat reform chińskie rolnictwo nadal boryka się z problemem rozdrobnienia i niskiej produktywności. Dalsze zmiany w sektorze będą dodatkowo utrudnione przez problemy wynikające ze zmian klimatycznych i ograniczonej dostępności zasobów naturalnych. W artykule przestawiono najważniejsze zmiany w polityce Chin w latach 1978-2013 oraz wskazano na niezbędne dalsze kroki w reformowaniu chińskiego rolnictwa mające na celu zwiększenie jego długookresowej konkurencyjności.
Międzynarodowe uwarunkowania wykorzystania ziemi rolniczej
Creators: name: Wilkin, Jerzy
name: Wilkin, Jerzy
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Public Economics
subject: agricultural land
subject: policy of land use
subject: globalization
subject: Poland
subject: the EU and the world
subject: / ziemia rolnicza
subject: polityka zagospodarowania ziemi
subject: globalizacja
subject: Polska
subject: UE
subject: świat

description: The agricultural land is a fundamental and limited resource. His availability, distribution and the method of using, they are components of the agrarian question, which has national, regional and global dimension. The use of agricultural land is increasingly subject to international interactions. This trend will be exacerbated, bringing with it negative consequences, which is why the agrarian question should be the subject of further research. / Synopsis. Ziemia rolnicza jest podstawowym i ograniczonym zasobem. Jej dostępność, dystrybucja i sposób wykorzystania są składnikami kwestii agrarnej, która przybiera wymiar krajowy, regionalny i globalny. Wykorzystanie ziemi rolniczej podlega coraz mocniej oddziaływaniom międzynarodowym. Tendencja ta będzie się pogłębiać, niosąc ze sobą negatywne konsekwencje, dlatego kwestia agrarna powinna być przedmiotem dalszych badań naukowych.
Machine learning and excited-state molecular dynamics
Creators: name: Westermayr, Julia
name: Marquetand, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine learning is employed at an increasing rate in the research field of quantum chemistry. While the majority of approaches target the investigation of chemical systems in their electronic ground state, the inclusion of light into the processes leads to electronically excited states and gives rise to several new challenges. Here, we survey recent advances for excited-state dynamics based on machine learning. In doing so, we highlight successes, pitfalls, challenges and future avenues for machine learning approaches for light-induced molecular processes.
Evidence for large Rashba splitting in PtPb4 from Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Lee, Kyungchan
name: Mou, Daixiang
name: Jo, Na Hyun
name: Wu, Yun
name: Schrunk, Benjamin
name: Wilde, John. M.
name: Kreyssig, Andreas
name: Estry, Amelia
name: Bud'ko, Sergey L.
name: Nguyen, Manh Cuong
name: Wang, Lin-Lin Wang Cai-Zhuang
name: Ho, Kai-Ming
name: Canfield, Paul. C.
name: Kaminski, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied the electronic structure of PtPb$_{4}$ using laser angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy(ARPES) and density functional theory(DFT) calculations. This material is closely related to PtSn$_{4}$, which exhibits exotic topological properties such as Dirac node arcs. Fermi surface(FS) of PtPb$_{4}$ consists of two electron pockets at the center of the Brillouin zone(BZ) and several hole pockets around the zone boundaries. Our ARPES data reveals significant Rashba splitting at the $Γ$ point in agreement with DFT calculations. The presence of Rashba splitting may render this material of potential interest for spintronic applications.