cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Toward a New Understanding of Non-Academic Student Support: Four Mechanisms Encouraging Positive Student Outcomes in the Community College (Assessment of Evidence Series)
Creators: name: Karp, Melinda Jane Mechur
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Community college students--Education
Community colleges

description: Despite their best efforts, community colleges continue to see low rates of student persistence and degree attainment, particularly among academically vulnerable students. While it is likely that academic interventions need to be reformed to increase their efficacy, another partial explanation for these low success rates is that students have other needs that are not being met. This paper examines programs and practices that appear to address these needs by providing non-academic support in order to encourage student success. A review of the literature on non-academic support yields evidence of four mechanisms by which such supports can improve student outcomes: (1) creating social relationships, (2) clarifying aspirations and enhancing commitment, (3) developing college know-how, and (4) addressing conflicting demands of work, family and college. Identifying these mechanisms allows for a deeper understanding of both the functioning of promising interventions and the conditions that may lead students to become integrated into college life. Notably, each of these mechanisms can occur within a variety of programs, structures, or even informal interactions. The paper concludes by discussing avenues for further research and immediate implications for community colleges.
All quiet on the neuronal front: NMDA receptor inhibition by prion protein
Creators: name: Steele, Andrew D.
Publisher: name: The Rockefeller University Press
Year: 2008

description: The normal function of the prion protein (PrP)--the causative agent of mad cow or prion disease--has long remained out of reach. Deciphering PrP's function may help to unravel the complex chain of events triggered by PrP misfolding during prion disease. In this issue of the JCB, an exciting paper (Khosravani, H., Y. Zhang, S. Tsutsui, S. Hameed, C. Altier, J. Hamid, L. Chen, M. Villemaire, Z. Ali, F.R. Jirik, and G.W. Zamponi. 2008. J. Cell Biol. 181:551-565) connects diverse observations regarding PrP into a coherent framework whereby PrP dampens the activity of an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor (NMDAR) subtype and reduces excitotoxic lesions. The findings of this study suggest that understanding the normal function of proteins associated with neurodegenerative disease may elucidate the molecular pathogenesis.
The Shapeless River: Does a Lack of Structure Inhibit Students' Progress at Community Colleges? (Assessment of Evidence Series)
Creators: name: Scott-Clayton, Judith E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Community college students--Education
Community colleges

description: For many students at community colleges, finding a path to degree completion is the equivalent of navigating a shapeless river on a dark night--but very few studies have explicitly examined the role of structure in student persistence. This paper addresses the issue of student persistence by integrating previously disconnected evidence and drawing on ideas from behavioral economics and psychology. Central to the paper is the structure hypothesis: that community college students will be more likely to persist and succeed in programs that are tightly and consciously structured, with relatively little room for individuals to unintentionally deviate from paths toward completion, and with limited bureaucratic obstacles for students to circumnavigate. Evidence suggests that the lack of structure in many community colleges is likely to result in less-than-optimal decisions by students about whether and how to persist toward a credential. Though there is no silver-bullet intervention to address this problem, this paper highlights several promising approaches and suggests directions for future experimentation and research.
The absolute configuration of anti-Vibrio citrinin dimeric derivative by VCD, ECD and NMR methods
Creators: name: Cao, Fei
name: Sun, Tian-Tian
name: Yang, Jian-Kun
name: Zhao, Guo-Zheng
name: Liu, Qing-Ai
name: Hu, Lian-Dong
name: Ma, Zheng-Yue
name: Zhu, Hua-Jie
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biochemistry
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Citrinin dimeric derivatives are bioactive polyketides previously reported from Penicillium, Aspergillus and Monascus fungi species. Due to the large distance between the stereogenic centers of the two monomer units, it was difficult to determine the absolute configuration of the whole molecule (1). In previous work, the absolute configuration of 1 was just proposed by biogenetic considerations. To address this problem, the experimental VCD of 1 was compared with the corresponding DFT calculations for two diastereomers (1a and 1b). Also, the experimental ECD and NMR spectra of 1 were combined for analysis with the corresponding theoretical predictions for different diastereomers. Additionally, compound 1 showed promising anti-Vibrio activity against pathogenic Vibrio spp. with MIC values ranging from 0.4 to 0.8 μM.
A Scoping and Feasibility Study for a new Foundational Economy Academy in Wales
Creators: name: Walpole, Gary
name: Clifton, Nick
name: Rich, Nick
name: Bacon, Emily
name: Smith, Sue
name: McKeown, Mick
name: Manley, Julian
name: Renfrew, Kay
name: Liu, Zheng
name: Treadwell, Peter
name: Kyaw, Sandy
Publisher: name: Cardiff Metropolitan University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Small business organisation and management
Business process management
Economics, business and management curriculum and pedagogy

description: This report conducted a ‘Scoping and Feasibility Study for a new Foundational Economy Academy’ in Wales, during the first quarter of 2022. We explored how to effectively enhance the Foundational Economy (FE) capability of public service practitioners and learn lessons from the celebrated Preston Model. The report conducted primary research and reviewed academic and practitioner literature. All sectors of the economy operate in a Volatile, Uncertain, Complex, Ambiguous (VUCA) world and exogenous shocks are likely to become more frequent. Public service organisations (PSOs) in Wales have had to deal with multiple challenges including COVID-19, Wellbeing of Future Generations Act obligations, 2030 Net Zero targets, social welfare reforms and Brexit repercussions. These challenges are more acute due to increased financial pressures which manifests into ‘having to do more with less’. Key foundational sectors remain resilient during times of crisis, and the foundational economy offers regional economic stability. The Foundational Economy in Wales is growing and is of vital importance to regional development. FE implementation capability is heterogeneous, and the principles of FE not fully understood. This report outlines the nascent literature and details ‘what works’ in terms of developing FE capability, in Wales. We propose a FE Capability Development framework. We also outline the lessons from the celebrated Preston model. Its success came from engaging multiple stakeholders to coproduce an ecosystem of local government, development agencies, cooperatives and trade unions to implement community wealth building principles with the University of Central Lancashire providing academic insights and facilitation. The report recommends establishing a Foundational Economy Academy in Wales to support PSOs to develop FE capability. The FE Academy could develop a repository of content and interventions and act as a quality assurance function. The FE Academy could also contribute to the development of a regional ecosystem that supports public and private sectors to collaborate with policymakers to generate and retain wealth in Wales. In terms of next steps, we suggest a study that systematically maps and reviews available FE learning content and interventions to develop a robust FE knowledge repository would be valuable. The study could also identify gaps in capability across PSOs to develop interventions, in collaboration with PSOs. A pilot FE programme community of practice would be timely to augment FE activity. https://www.walescirculareconomy.com/
Analysis of GPCR/ion channel interactions
Creators: name: Altier, Christophe
name: Zamponi, Gerald W.
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2011

description: Voltage-gated calcium channels are key regulators of calcium homeostasis in excitable cells. A number of cellular signaling pathways serve to fine tune calcium channel activity, including the activation of G protein-coupled receptors. Besides regulating channel activity via second messengers, GPCRs can also physically associate with calcium channels to directly regulate their functions, as well as their trafficking to and from the plasma membrane. Here we provide some methods that can be used to examine channel-receptor interactions and co-trafficking. While we focus on voltage-gated calcium channels, the techniques described herein are broadly applicable to other types of channels.
The Role of Community College Education in the Employment of Information Technology Workers in Washington State
Creators: name: Van Noy, Michelle
name: Trimble, Madeline Joy
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Community college students--Education
Community colleges

description: Understanding the role of subbaccalaureate programs in preparing students for the workforce has become increasingly important, particularly in quickly changing fields that require well-trained technical workers, such as information technology (IT). To better understand the role of community colleges in educating IT workers, we examined two key issues: (1) students' employment outcomes by the type of community college IT preparation they complete, and (2) the type of employers that tend to hire community college IT students. Specifically, we analyzed data on students who were enrolled in an IT program at any Washington State community and technical college during the 2000-01 academic year and who completed their program or left college by the spring of the 2004-05 academic year. We examined information on students' course-taking in college and their employment before, during, and after their college enrollment. Our investigation of employment outcomes by type of community college preparation suggests that employers prefer workers with higher-level credentials. Of the four groups we analyzed, students with both an associate degree and a certificate in IT had the strongest employment outcomes in terms of likelihood of employment, hours worked, and earnings. They were followed by students with an IT associate degree, and then by students with an IT certificate. Students who earned no credential but concentrated their study in IT by completing four or more courses had the weakest employment outcomes, underscoring the importance of completing full programs and earning a credential. Compared with workers overall, IT students were more likely to work for medium sized employers. They were also more likely to be employed in temporary services and educational services industries. Our findings highlight the importance of community college efforts to engage with the full range of local employers as well as the potential need for different engagement strategies, depending on the employer.
Testing a Fast Dynamical Indicator: The MEGNO
Creators: name: Maffione, Nicolas
name: Giordano, Claudia
name: Cincotta, Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: To investigate non-linear dynamical systems, like for instance artificial satellites, Solar System, exoplanets or galactic models, it is necessary to have at hand several tools, such as a reliable dynamical indicator. The aim of the present work is to test a relatively new fast indicator, the Mean Exponential Growth factor of Nearby Orbits (MEGNO), since it is becoming a widespread technique for the study of Hamiltonian systems, particularly in the field of dynamical astronomy and astrodynamics, as well as molecular dynamics. In order to perform this test we make a detailed numerical and statistical study of a sample of orbits in a triaxial galactic system, whose dynamics was investigated by means of the computation of the Finite Time Lyapunov Characteristic Numbers (FT-LCNs) by other authors.
description: 25 pages, 35 figures
The Political Origins of State-Level Performance Funding for Higher Education: The Cases of Florida, Illinois, Missouri, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Washington
Creators: name: Dougherty, Kevin J.
name: Natow, Rebecca Spiro
name: Bork, Rachel Julia Hare
name: Vega, Blanca Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Community college students--Education
Community colleges
Education and state
School management and organization

description: Performance funding is a method of funding public institutions based not on inputs, such as enrollments, but on outcomes, such as retention, degree completion, and job placement. The principal rationale for performance funding has been that performance funding will prod institutions to be more effective and efficient, particularly in a time of increasing demands on higher education and increasingly straitened state finances. Critics of performance funding have warned that it could potentially provide state officials with an excuse to cut back on the regular state funding of higher education and at the same time provide college officials with an incentive to raise their retention and graduation rates by becoming more selective in their admissions. This report examines in detail the origins of state performance funding in six states: Florida, Illinois, Missouri, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Washington. These states were chosen for analysis because they have considerably different state performance funding systems and histories as well as higher education governance arrangements, political systems, political cultures, and social characteristics—all of which enables the authors to look at the formation of state performance funding systems from a wide variety of angles. Interestingly, analysis reveals that there are striking similarities among these six states, particularly in terms of who were the main supporters and opponents, what beliefs animated them, and what political openings allowed policy entrepreneurs to put performance funding on the decision making agendas of state governments. This analysis yields some important lessons for policymakers, which are discussed at the conclusion of this paper.
Analysis of chemical components in herbal formula Qi Bai Granule by UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS
Creators: name: Zhang, Chengmeng
name: He, Yi
name: Li, Tingting
name: Miao, Xinglong
name: Song, Meiting
name: Qian, Changmin
name: Li, Ruiming
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Qi Bai Granule (QBG), a traditional Chinese medicine formula for the treatment of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, is composed of seven herbs. It is necessary to learn its chemical composition for quality control. In this study, a method for rapid separation and structural identification of the constituents in QBG was established by UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS in negative and positive ion mode. As a result, 112 compounds, such as triterpenoids, flavonoids and monoterpenes were detected. Based on the retention times, accurate masses, fragment ions, related literatures, and/or authentic standards, 107 compounds were unambiguously identified or tentatively characterized. Additionally, 20% monarch, 50% minister, 5% assistant and 24% guide drugs of 112 compounds were detected, which on the whole was consistent with the compatibility of QBG. The results would provide a scientific basis for the quality control, quantitative analysis and further study in vivo or vitro of QBG.
On smoothness of timelike maximal cylinders in three dimensional vacuum spacetimes
Creators: name: Nguyen, Luc
name: Tian, Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that timelike maximal cylinders in $\RR^{1 + 2}$ always develop singularities in finite time and that, infinitesimally at a generic singularity, their time slices are evolved by a rigid motion or a self-similar motion. We also prove a mild generalization in non-flat backgrounds.
description: updated references
Solution to Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis in Hybrid Axion Dark Matter Model
Creators: name: Kusakabe, Motohiko
name: Balantekin, A. B.
name: Kajino, Toshitaka
name: Pehlivan, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following a recent suggestion of axion cooling of photons between the nucleosynthesis and recombination epochs in the Early Universe, we investigate a hybrid model with both axions and relic supersymmetric particles. In this model we demonstrate that the 7Li abundance can be consistent with observations without destroying the important concordance of deuterium abundance.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
“They seem to know the story better than I do myself”: The Portrayal of Florence Lassandro in Canadian Popular Culture
Creators: name: Woroniuk, Rory Arthur
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Lassandro
subject: Picariello
subject: Stephen O. Lawson
subject: Alberta
subject: Prohibition
subject: Alberta Provincial Police
subject: APP
subject: Blairmore
subject: Coleman
subject: Alberta History
subject: Death Penalty
subject: Hanging
subject: Execution
subject: Canadian Popular Culture
subject: Canadian Studies
subject: Gender Studies
subject: History--Canadian
subject: History--European
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Ethnic and Racial Studies
subject: Women's Studies

description: In 1922, a court sentenced Florence Lassandro and Emilio Picariello to death for the murder of Alberta Provincial Police (APP) Constable Stephen Lawson in Coleman, Alberta. She was the only woman hanged in the history of the province. This thesis examines the relationship between Florence Lassandro and her representation in Canadian popular culture from 1922 to the present. Many historical works have sensationalized her role in the murder. By placing cultural productions in historical context, this thesis identifies and analyzes important social, cultural, and political moments in Canada’s history to argue that they have driven and altered the image of Lassandro in popular culture considerably more than the facts of the crime. The lack of her own voice has allowed people to mould her persona to fit their agenda. During her trial, newspapers reinforced nativist beliefs. Next, Phillip Godsell used her story to justify the internment of Italian-Canadian citizens in WWII because the public feared they would rise up against the Canadian government. In the 1970s and 1980s, the federal government’s introduction of multiculturalism as an official policy and an increased emphasis on women’s history influenced authors to frame her as an innocent victim. Most recently people have used her story to attract cultural tourists to southern Alberta. Nevertheless, her voice is lost in all reinterpretations of her life.
The Impacts of State Performance Funding Systems on Higher Education Institutions: Research Literature Review and Policy Recommendations
Creators: name: Dougherty, Kevin J.
name: Reddy, Vikash T.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Community college students--Education
Community colleges
Education and state
School management and organization

description: Over the past three decades policymakers have been seeking new ways to secure improved performance from higher education institutions. One popular approach has been performance funding, which involves use of a formula to tie funding to institutional performance on specified indicators. This report reviews findings from studies on performance funding programs in a multitude of states. The studies suggest that tying funding to outputs has immediate impacts on colleges in the form of changes in funding, greater awareness by institutions of state priorities and of their own institutional performance, and increased status competition among institutions. Because of these immediate impacts, performance funding produces intermediate institutional changes in the form of greater use of data in institutional planning and policymaking and in changes in academic and student service policies and practices that promise to improve student outcomes. However, claims that performance funding does indeed increase ultimate outcomes--in the form of improved rates of retention, completion of developmental education, and graduation--are not validated by solid data. In the face of this finding, this report identifies obstacles to the effective functioning of performance funding, as well as unintended impacts. The report closes by providing recommendations for overcoming the many obstacles to the effective functioning of performance funding and addressing the unintended impacts documented by the studies reviewed.
Understanding Brain Injury-Induced Immunosuppression and the Relationship to the Development of Infection
Creators: name: Scott, Brittney Noelle Vivian
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Traumatic brain injury
subject: Infection
subject: Immunosuppression
subject: Invariant Natural Killer T cells
subject: Cytokines
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Epidemiology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Infection is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among hospitalized patients. It has become increasingly apparent that patients with neurological injury have an increased risk for infection due to secondary immunodeficiency. Previous work from our research group found a novel role for invariant natural killer (iNKT) cells in stroke-induced immune suppression, characterized by a shift from a Th1- to Th2-dominant systemic cytokine profile and an increased risk for infection. This work better defined the crosstalk that occurs between the brain and systemic immune system after ischemic stroke, however, many questions remained and whether similar mechanisms were involved in other types of brain injury was unclear. Thus, we evaluated the relationship between iNKT cells, Th1 and Th2 systemic cytokine profiles, and the development of infection among critically ill patients with traumatic brain injury and haemorrhagic stroke. We found that these patients had significantly subnormal levels of many immune mediators, including IFN-γ and TNF-α, indicative of systemic immune suppression. Moreover, iNKT cells were activated among these patients and positively associated with plasma Th2/Th1 cytokine ratios. Infection was common and occurred among forty-six percent of the patients. Additionally, we used animal models to investigate traumatic brain injury-induced immune modulation and its relationship to infection. We observed rapid activation of iNKT cells in the circulation and a >2-fold increase in plasma Th2/Th1 cytokine ratios, which peaked at 8 hours after injury. Remarkably, we also observed rapid changes in the lung microenvironment induced by traumatic brain injury, which influenced the outcome after infection. Moreover, in an attempt to better understand the epidemiology of infection among patients with traumatic brain injury, we conducted a systematic review of the world’s literature on this topic. We summarize and discuss the reported occurrence rates of infection, and the microbiology and risk factors associated with different types of infection, among patients hospitalized after traumatic brain injury. This thesis provides new insights into the relationship between brain injury and the development of infection. Understanding the unique risk for infection after acute brain injury will ultimately translate to better prevention and treatment regimens for these patients.
The Demise of Higher Education Performance Funding Systems in Three States
Creators: name: Dougherty, Kevin J.
name: Natow, Rebecca Spiro
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Education, Higher
Education and state
School management and organization

description: Performance funding in higher education ties state funding directly to institutional performance on specific indicators, such as rates of retention, graduation, and job placement. One of the great puzzles about performance funding is that it has been both popular and unstable. Between 1979 and 2007, 26 states enacted it, but 14 of those states later dropped it (though two recently reestablished it). To shed light on the causes of this unstable institutionalization of performance funding, we examined three states that have experienced different forms of program cessation—Illinois, Washington, and Florida. For our analysis of the factors leading these three states to abandon performance funding systems, we drew upon interviews and documentary analyses that we conducted in these states. Our interviews were with state and local higher education officials, legislators and staff, governors and their advisors, and business leaders. The documents we analyzed included state government legislation, policy declarations and reports, newspaper accounts, and analyses by other investigators. We inevitably found that factors unique to one or another state played a role in the demise of performance funding. Nonetheless, we also found several common features: A sharp drop in higher education funding (present in Florida and Illinois); A lack of support by higher education institutions for the continuation of performance funding (all three states); The loss of key supporters of performance funding (all three states); Weak support by the business community (Florida and Illinois); and The establishment of performance funding through a budget proviso rather than a statute (Illinois and Washington). The final section of this paper discusses the implications of these findings for advocates of performance funding.
Critical conditions for factory ramp-up planning in SMEs
Creators: name: Thomassen, Maria
name: Skjelstad, Lars
Publisher: name: Hannover : publish-Ing.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Planning Context
subject: Small and Medium Sized Companies
subject: Production Ramp-up
subject: Empirical Case Study
subject: Factory planning
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Companies experiencing rapid sales growth need to ramp-up operations and production facilities to meet the increased customer demand. Exporting small and medium sized companies (SMEs) offering new technology in new markets often have to deal with high uncertainty and risk and the ramp up plan needs to be continuously adjusted to changing sales forecasts. Factory planning is a complex task, and includes a wide range of critical decisions. The literature is mainly dominated by research seeking to develop theoretical models and methods for planning support. There is limited empirical research addressing issues related to the actual planning process. Existing methods are mainly developed based on general theoretical terms without taking specific conditions into account. Further research is therefore needed to better adapt current models and methods to specific contexts. This study seeks to bring further understanding of critical conditions for the planning process, by exploring the conditions of the planning process in a real-life context of an SME. The findings are expected to contribute to improved insights to the factory ramp-up planning process in SMEs and better understanding of critical factors that need to be considered.
Visualizing risk management data associated with capital expenditure projects
Creators: name: Nezafatkhah, Sadaf
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Described in this thesis is an approach for visualizing data associated with the risk management function for large capital expenditure projects. The thesis first explores the current use of data visualization in support of the analytical reasoning involved in the risk management process and then explores some additional images that facilitate the process of extracting information in response to specific analytical reasoning needs. Contributions include casting light on the state-of-the-art of the use of data visualization in support of risk management (i.e. visualization tools that exist) and setting out the kind of analytical reasoning that could be supported by the use of data visualization (i.e. target analytical reasoning based on which visualization tools should be developed). By identifying analytical reasoning tasks of interest, risk visualization tools can be structured to respond to them. A few visual representations of risk related data are proposed and their potential worth is judged by assessing how well they respond to the analytical reasoning tasks of interest. We found that one of the main challenges in representing multidimensional risk data for construction projects is the ability to visualize in a non-cluttered manner the large amount of information contained in the risk register of a full scale project. Therefore, it is important to equip images with interactive features in order to visualize subsets of information (by phase, by product, by participant, and by location.). We have concluded that with respect to the visualization tools suggested, although they respond to the analytic reasoning needs targeted, easily become cluttered when a large amount of information is to be visualized, thus limiting their application.
Hospital and Individual Variations of Surgical Errors and Complications in Caesarean Section in the United States
Creators: name: Sheikh, Manal Salim
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: c-sections
subject: complications
subject: adverse events
subject: individual factors
subject: hospital factors
subject: caesarean section
subject: maternal health
subject: surgical outcomes
subject: patient safety
subject: administrative data
subject: Epidemiology
subject: Medicine and Surgery
subject: Obstetrics and Gynecology
subject: Public Health

description: Background: Caesarean Section (CS) is the most common inpatient surgery performed internationally. Although CS is typically performed to prevent adverse maternal and fetal outcomes, there is still a risk of surgical errors and complications. This study examined maternal and hospital risk factors associated with errors and complications following CS in the United States (US). Methods: Data were obtained from the 2012-2014 National Inpatient Sample, a deidentified database containing a random sample of 20% of hospital discharges in the US. Surgical errors (e.g. foreign body retained during surgery) can be the result of human error, while complications (e.g. infection) can be due to external factors such as preexisting comorbidities. The overall incidence of surgical errors and complications in CS was calculated. Bivariate analysis examined the association between surgical errors and complications in CS, and potential individual and hospital level covariates. Multilevel logistic modelling examined the association between individual (e.g. race) and hospital (e.g. CS volume), and errors and complications. Results: Among 648,584 CS hospitalizations, 1.98% (95%CI: 1.95%-2.01%) and 9.67% (95%CI: 9.59%-9.74%) of women had an error or complication, respectively. The odds of developing a complication were 15.90 (95%CI: 15.33-16.49) if an error also occurred. Both individual- and hospital-level factors were associated with errors and complications. Women with Medicaid had increased odds of errors (OR: 1.40 (95%CI:1.37-1.43)) but lower odds of complications (OR: 0.89 (95%CI:0.88-0.90)), compared to women with private insurance. Compared to non-Hispanic white women, iii all races had lower odds of error, and only non-Hispanic black women had greater odds of complications (OR: 1.14 (95%CI:1.13-1.16)). Delivering prior to 37 weeks of gestation decreased the odds of errors (OR: 0.73 (95%CI:0.71-0.76)) and maternal complications (OR: 0.73 (95%CI:0.72-0.74)). Similarly, rural hospitals had lower odds of surgical errors (OR: 0.59 (95%CI: 0.56-0.62)) and complications (OR: 0.61 (95%CI: 0.59-0.62)) while hospitals with a large bed size had greater odds of errors and complications than medium bed size hospitals, at 1.13 (95%CI:1.09-1.17), and 1.13 (95%CI:1.11-1.15), respectively. Conclusions: This study identified specific risk factors for errors and complications that can be further examined through quality improvement frameworks to reduce the incidence of adverse maternal events during CS.
Fast Updates on Read-Optimized Databases Using Multi-Core CPUs
Creators: name: Krueger, Jens
name: Kim, Changkyu
name: Grund, Martin
name: Satish, Nadathur
name: Schwalb, David
name: Chhugani, Jatin
name: Plattner, Hasso
name: Dubey, Pradeep
name: Zeier, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Read-optimized columnar databases use differential updates to handle writes by maintaining a separate write-optimized delta partition which is periodically merged with the read-optimized and compressed main partition. This merge process introduces significant overheads and unacceptable downtimes in update intensive systems, aspiring to combine transactional and analytical workloads into one system. In the first part of the paper, we report data analyses of 12 SAP Business Suite customer systems. In the second half, we present an optimized merge process reducing the merge overhead of current systems by a factor of 30. Our linear-time merge algorithm exploits the underlying high compute and bandwidth resources of modern multi-core CPUs with architecture-aware optimizations and efficient parallelization. This enables compressed in-memory column stores to handle the transactional update rate required by enterprise applications, while keeping properties of read-optimized databases for analytic-style queries.
description: VLDB2012
The Content of Their Coursework: Understanding Course-Taking Patterns at Community Colleges by Clustering Student Transcripts
Creators: name: Zeidenberg, Matthew
name: Scott, Marc
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Community college students--Education
Community colleges

description: Community college students typically have access to a large selection of courses and programs, and therefore the student transcripts at any one college or college system tend to be very diverse. As a result, it is difficult for faculty, administrators, and researchers to understand the course-taking patterns of students in order to determine what programs of study they appear to be pursuing. Attempting to examine these patterns and then comparing them with listed program requirements would be a very time-consuming activity; clustering can be a useful way to make sense of the relevant data. Clustering allows researchers to group similar items into clusters, relying only on a measure of the similarity of those items. In this paper, we apply a clustering algorithm to the problem of understanding college transcripts, which serve as the items to be clustered. To our knowledge, this is the first effort to organize transcripts based on their course content using clustering. We base the measure of similarity on the proportion of curricular subjects that each transcript has in common with every other one. Our data are community and technical college transcripts for a cohort of students who first entered the Washington State system during the fall of the 2005-06 academic year and who had no prior postsecondary experience. We used our clustering algorithm to separately cluster liberal arts and career-technical students. We found that the algorithm did a good job of separately clustering each of these groups. The clusters roughly corresponded to programs of study, so we were able to estimate how many students were undertaking each program and what subjects students were studying within each cluster. We were also able to examine the demographics and the completion and transfer rates of the students within each cluster, in order to get an idea of what types of students were in each program of study and how successful they seemed to be in college. We found substantial variation on these dimensions as well as on the extent to which students' programs were either concentrated in a single subject or spread across several subjects. We conclude that this method would be useful to researchers throughout education who are trying to understand student course-taking patterns and programs of study, and who need to organize large amounts of transcript data.
Awana niyanaan?/Who Are We?
Creators: name: Tucker, Angela Danielle
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Métis
subject: Traditional Land Use
subject: Identity
subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Native American Studies

description: In Canada, colonial perspectives have been privileged over Indigenous knowledge and has affected the connections that many contemporary Indigenous individuals have to their pasts. Yet today, the Canadian government continues to restrict the ways in which society is able to think about and engage with Indigenous people. These parameters are evident in policy discourse. The discourse that has been maintained about Indigenous identity and of inclusion has created a landscape that is difficult for all Indigenous people to navigate. Furthermore, the discourses surrounding land and land-use restricts the Indigenous knowledge of land. Métis are a unique group with specific definitions of selfhood who were historically restricted from their physical landscapes and diverse kinship systems. Despite this, their identification continues to be couched in policy and social understanding of ‘mixed-blooded’ backgrounds rather than by the ways in which Métis people are capable of defining themselves. Awana niyanaan? Who are we? The complex attachments that my father’s family has had to their own Métis ancestry provided me the landscape to approach the community of Buffalo Lake Métis Settlement. I wanted to know if a collective land-based community could be a catalyst for understanding or decolonizing Métis identity, including my own. I hoped to understand how my family’s attachments to place and identity began to fracture, resulting in the silencing of our Métis history. As the antidote to silence, I listened to Elders. These encounters at Buffalo Lake Métis Settlement provided the basis of my research. This, in turn, created a methodology that promotes listening, and the movement and mobility across landscapes, in both physical and temporal ways. Family and connection to all of your relations provides a strong basis for Métis understanding, an epistemology that extends beyond the realms of non-Indigenous world-views. This is a teaching that I today understand as wahkotowin, the fundamental spiritual concept that ties together land with identity, and selfhood within the context of a broader community. I argue that the connections to land and Métis identification have been continually manipulated by the State, and found evident in the ways that Métis people not only engage with the land, but also with one another.
Customer Perspective On The Purchase and Use Of Sustainable And Innovative Furniture In A Co-Creation Process
Creators: name: Zielenbach, Franziska
name: Schröer, Tobias
name: Stich, Volker
Publisher: name: Hannover : publish-Ing.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Co-Creation
subject: Do-it-together
subject: Customer Perspective
subject: Innovative Furniture
subject: Furniture Production Process
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: For developing a European industrial cooperation and involvement in the furniture industry, the international research project INEDIT conducted a survey for furniture customers. By finding out the needs and wishes of the customer regarding innovative products and the production process the project will establish a new way for designing and producing furniture. Within INEDIT a platform is built on which customized, technologically innovative and sustainable furniture can be created and produced in a co-creation process. The furniture industry should thus become significantly more flexible, transparent and sustainable. Following the "do-it-together" approach, a business ecosystem will be generated which creates added value not only for customers but also for designers, suppliers and manufacturing companies. In order to involve the customer even more actively in the design process and the production, the platform will provide access to a mix of digital and physical services and is linked to all other stakeholders in the value chain. To match the platform and the process to the needs, wishes and demands of the customer an anonymous survey with 300 participants was developed and conducted. By analyzing the survey, important factors were found for buying and for using furniture considering new technological inventions (e.g. 3D-printing or smart objects), sustainability of the products and the production process. Furthermore, the potential customer-group and their usage of the do-it-together process and additional activities can be tightened.
The Academic Consequences of Employment for Students Enrolled in Community College
Creators: name: Dadgar, Mina
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Community college students--Education
Community colleges

description: College students are increasingly combining studying with paid employment, and community college students tend to work even longer hours compared with students at four-year colleges. Yet, there is little evidence on the academic consequences of community college students' term-time employment. Using a rare administrative dataset from Washington State that combines students' quarterly transcript records with earning records from the state Unemployment Insurance system, this study relies on two causal strategies: first, an individual fixed effects strategy that takes advantage of the quarterly nature of the data to control for unobserved and time-invariant differences among students, and second, an instrumental variable-difference-in-differences framework that takes advantage of the fact that there is an exogenous supply of retail jobs during the winter holidays. The study compares academic outcomes in the fall and winter quarters for students who were more likely to work in retail and those less likely to work in retail based on pre-enrollment association with retail jobs. The findings reject the possibility of large negative effects for small increases in employment for community college students.
Self-Similar Solutions to a Density-Dependent Reaction-Diffusion Model
Creators: name: Ngamsaad, Waipot
name: Khompurngson, Kannika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In this paper, we investigated a density-dependent reaction-diffusion equation, $u_t = (u^{m})_{xx} + u - u^{m}$. This equation is known as the extension of the Fisher or Kolmogoroff-Petrovsky-Piscounoff equation which is widely used in the population dynamics, combustion theory and plasma physics. By employing the suitable transformation, this equation was mapped to the anomalous diffusion equation where the nonlinear reaction term was eliminated. Due to its simpler form, some exact self-similar solutions with the compact support have been obtained. The solutions, evolving from an initial state, converge to the usual traveling wave at a certain transition time. Hence, it is quite clear the connection between the self-similar solution and the traveling wave solution from these results. Moreover, the solutions were found in the manner that either propagates to the right or propagates to the left. Furthermore, the two solutions form a symmetric solution, expanding in both directions. The application on the spatiotemporal pattern formation in biological population has been mainly focused.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, accepted by Phys. Rev. E
Teacher as Environment: The Embodiment of Heartfulness in Teaching Practice
Creators: name: Mansfield, Brenda Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: teacher well-being
subject: social and emotional learning
subject: student-teacher relationships
subject: classroom climate
subject: heart rate variability
subject: physiological coherence
subject: Psychobiology

description: This research is an attempt to expand the topic of “heart in pedagogy” by exploring how the cultivation of positive emotional states may affect the pedagogical relationality between teacher and student and, ultimately, classroom climate. After all, “we never educate directly, but indirectly through means of the environment” (Dewey, 1944, p. 19). A heartfulness approach in education complements the contemporary practice of mindfulness, which has been incorporated into various curricula as a component of Social and Emotional Learning (SEL) initiatives (Schonert-Reichl & Hymel, 2007; Schonert-Reichl, 2017; Zakrzewski, 2014). This paper focuses on the possibility that connecting the concept of heart in pedagogy to its physiological, social and emotional, and contemplative roots may offer new insights into heartfulness in teaching practice. Teachers participated in a series of heartfulness workshops, which included contemplative practices such as loving-kindness, appreciation, and compassion meditations. In addition, a heart-based biofeedback stress-management program was implemented to help teachers learn to deliberately shift into positive emotional states, thereby complementing the contemplative aspect of the program with an embodied awareness of heartfulness. Although a contemporary appreciation of the heart’s intelligence has been achieved through the natural sciences, the interpretive approaches drawn upon for this research study go beyond the natural science perspective and return the question of the role of the heart to its roots in lived experience. There are many in-depth studies on mindfulness in education, but the subject of heartfulness has not yet been given a detailed phenomenological exploration on par with the depth of study of mindfulness research. With the hope of developing a new understanding of heartfulness in teaching practice, I posed the following questions: • How do teachers who practice HRV biofeedback understand heartfulness?• How might the embodiment of heartfulness practice influence teaching practice? This interdisciplinary study may provide new insight into the ways heartfulness informs mindfulness in pedagogy. Supporting teachers’ well-being is one way to foster positive teacher-student relationships, improve career satisfaction and longevity, and contribute to building healthy communities.