Cnidoscolus Pohl 1827
Creators: name: Oliveira, Cellini Castro De
name: Melo, André Laurênio De
name: Silva, Marcos José Da
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Malpighiales
Euphorbiaceae
Cnidoscolus

description: Key to species of Cnidoscolus occuring in the Midwest region of Brazil   
1. Leaves with acropetiolar glands.........................................................................................................................................................2  
- Leaves with basilaminar glands..........................................................................................................................................................4  
 2. Trees 4–20 m tall; stamens 7–8.........................................................................................................................  7. C. paucistamineus    
- Subshubs or shrubs 0.25–4 m tall; stamens 10–17.............................................................................................................................3  
 3. Subshrubs 30–60 cm tall; leaf blade with lanceolate lobes, base acute or rounded and margin entire; stamens basally glabrous; staminate disc lobed; ovary pyriform; pistillate disc denticulate; fruits globose with the apex slightly obtuse......................................................................................................................................................................................................................  8. C. tridentifer    
 - Shrubs 1.5–4 m tall; leaf blade with ovate lobes, ovate-triangular, ovate-elliptical or ovate-oblong, base cordate, and margin irregularly dentate; stamens basally villous; staminate disc unlobed; ovary oblongoid or ovoid; pistillate disc not denticulate; fruits oblong-ellipsoid with the apex shortly acuminate.........................................................................................................  9. C. vitifolius    
4. Leaves always unlobed, the leaf blade oblong, lanceolate or lyrate-pinnatisect; fruits circular........................................................5  
- Leaves 3–5-palmatilobed and rarely unlobed on the same plant near the inflorescence; fruits globose, oblongoid, oblongellipsoid..............................................................................................................................................................................................6  
 5. Leaves petiolate, densely arranged at plant base in the form of a rosette or at the ends of the stem or branches; staminate disc villous; ovary pubescent; pistillate disc denticulate; seeds oblongoid................................................................1. C. albomaculatus   
 5. Leaves sessile, distributed along the branches; staminate disc glabrous; ovary glabrous; pistillate disc not denticulate; seeds ellipsoid.................................................................................................................................................................5. C. maracayensis   
 6. Plants usually decumbent; pistillate flowers with connate tepals....................................................................................  2. C. aurelii    
- Plants always erect; pistillate flowers with free tepals.......................................................................................................................7  
 7. Leaves with the base truncate and margin irregularly dentate; stamens 10, villous basally; ovary glabrescent......................................................................................................................................................................................................................  4. C. mcvaughii    
- Leaves with the base hastate or cordate and margin entire and serrate; stamens 15–20, glabrous basally; ovary pubescent..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................8  
 8. Leaf margin serrate; stipules conspicuously papillose; dichasia velutinous with 15–20 flowers; seeds elliptic-obovoid...............................................................................................................................................................................................................  3. C. cervii    
 - Leaf margin entire; stipules slightly papilliform; dichasia pubescent with more than 30 flowers; seeds oblongoid................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 6. C. neglectus
description: Published as part of Oliveira, Cellini Castro De, Melo, André Laurênio De & Silva, Marcos José Da, 2021, Synopsis of Cnidoscolus (Euphorbiaceae) in midwestern Brazil, including taxonomic updates, a new species, and a reestablishment of C. neglectus, pp. 179-200 in Phytotaxa 500 (3) on pages 181-182, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.500.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/5424577