cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Design Studies of the PWO Forward End-cap Calorimeter for PANDA
Creators: name: Moeini, Hossein
name: Al-Turany, Mohammad
name: Babai, Mohammad
name: Biegun, Alexandra
name: Bondarenko, Olga
name: Gotzen, Klaus
name: Kavatsyuk, Myroslav
name: Lindemulder, Michel
name: Lohner, Herbert
name: Melnychuk, Dima
name: Messchendorp, Johan
name: Smit, Henk
name: Spataro, Stefano
name: Veenstra, Rick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The PANDA detection system at FAIR, Germany, is designed to study antiproton-proton annihilations, in order to investigate among others the realm of charm-meson states and glueballs, which has still much to reveal. The yet unknown properties of this field are to be unraveled through studying QCD phenomena in the non-perturbative regime. The multipurpose PANDA detector will be capable of tracking, calorimetry, and particle identification, and is foreseen to run at high luminosities providing average reaction rates up to 20 Million interactions/s. The envisaged physics program requires measurements of photons and charged particles with excellent energy, position, and time resolutions. The electromagnetic calorimeter (EMC) will serve as one of the basic components of the detector setup and comprises cooled Lead-Tungstate (PbWO4) crystals. This paper presents the mechanical design of the Forward End-cap calorimeter and analyses the response of this detector component in conjunction with the full EMC and the complete PANDA detector. The simulation studies are focused on the performance of the planned EMC with respect to the energy and spatial resolution of the reconstructed photons. Results of the Monte Carlo simulations, excluding very low-energy photons, have been validated by data obtained from a prototype calorimeter and shown to fulfil the requirements imposed by the PANDA physics program.
description: 22 Pages, 24 Figures, 4 Tables
Drag-Based Ensemble Model (DBEM) for Coronal Mass Ejection Propagation
Creators: name: Dumbović, Mateja
name: Čalogović, Jaša
name: Vršnak, Bojan
name: Temmer, Manuela
name: Mays, M. Leila
name: Veronig, Astrid
name: Piantschitsch, Isabell
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The drag-based model (DBM) for heliospheric propagation of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) is a widely used analytical model which can predict CME arrival time and speed at a given heliospheric location. It is based on the assumption that the propagation of CMEs in interplanetary space is solely under the influence of magnetohydrodynamical drag, where CME propagation is determined based on CME initial properties as well as the properties of the ambient solar wind. We present an upgraded version, covering ensemble modelling to produce a distribution of possible ICME arrival times and speeds, the drag-based ensemble model (DBEM). Multiple runs using uncertainty ranges for the input values can be performed in almost real-time, within a few minutes. This allows us to define the most likely ICME arrival times and speeds, quantify prediction uncertainties and determine forecast confidence. The performance of the DBEM is evaluated and compared to that of ensemble WSA-ENLIL+Cone model (ENLIL) using the same sample of events. It is found that the mean error is $ME=-9.7$ hours, mean absolute error $MAE=14.3$ hours and root mean square error $RMSE=16.7$ hours, which is somewhat higher than, but comparable to ENLIL errors ($ME=-6.1$ hours, $MAE=12.8$ hours and $RMSE=14.4$ hours). Overall, DBEM and ENLIL show a similar performance. Furthermore, we find that in both models fast CMEs are predicted to arrive earlier than observed, most probably owing to the physical limitations of models, but possibly also related to an overestimation of the CME initial speed for fast CMEs.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures
Rodeo: Sparse, greedy nonparametric regression
Creators: name: Lafferty, John D.
name: Wasserman, Larry
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a greedy method for simultaneously performing local bandwidth selection and variable selection in nonparametric regression. The method starts with a local linear estimator with large bandwidths, and incrementally decreases the bandwidth of variables for which the gradient of the estimator with respect to bandwidth is large. The method—called rodeo (regularization of derivative expectation operator)—conducts a sequence of hypothesis tests to threshold derivatives, and is easy to implement. Under certain assumptions on the regression function and sampling density, it is shown that the rodeo applied to local linear smoothing avoids the curse of dimensionality, achieving near optimal minimax rates of convergence in the number of relevant variables, as if these variables were isolated in advance.
Reconstruction from scalar-tensor theory and the inhomogeneous equation of state in f(T) Gravity
Creators: name: Said, Jackson Levi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: General relativity (GR) characterizes gravity as a geometric properly exhibited as curvature on spacetime. Teleprallelism describes gravity through torsional properties, and can reproduce GR at the level of equations. Similar to f(R) gravity, on taking a generalization, f(T) gravity can produce various modifications its gravitational mechanism. The resulting field equations are inherently distinct to f(R) gravity in that they are second order. In the present work, f(T) gravity is examined in the cosmological context with a number of solutions reconstructed by means of an auxiliary scalar field. To do this, various forms of the Hubble parameter are considered with an f(T) lagrangian emerging for each instance. In addition, the inhomogeneous equation of state (EoS) is investigated with a particular Hubble parameter model used to show how this can be used to reconstruct the f(T) lagrangian. Observationally, both the auxiliary scalar field or exotic terms in the FRW field equations give the same results, meaning that the variation in the Hubble parameter may be interpreted as the need to reformulate gravity in some way as is done in f(T) gravity.
description: 9 pages
Surface instability and isotopic impurities in quantum solids
Creators: name: Cappelluti, E.
name: Rastelli, G.
name: Gaudio, S.
name: Pietronero, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we employ a self-consistent harmonic approximation to investigate surface melting and local melting close to quantum impurities in quantum solids. We show that surface melting can occur at temperatures much lower than the critical temperature $T_c$ of the solid phase instability in the bulk. Similar effects are driven by the presence of an isotope substitution. In this latter case, we show that stronger local lattice fluctuations, induced by a lighter isotope atom, can induce local melting of the host bulk phase. Experimental consequences and the possible relevance in solid helium are discussed.
Modulated dust-acoustic wave packets in an opposite polarity dusty plasma system
Creators: name: Jahan, S.
name: Chowdhury, N. A.
name: Mannan, A.
name: Mamun, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nonlinear propagation of the dust-acoustic bright and dark envelope solitons in an opposite polarity dusty plasma system (composed of non-extensive $q$-distributed electrons, isothermal ions, and positively as well as negatively charged warm dust) have been theoretically investigated. The reductive perturbation method (which is valid for a small, but finite amplitude limit) is employed to derive the nonlinear Schrödinger equation. Two types of modes (namely, fast and slow dust-acoustic (DA) modes) have been observed. The conditions for the modulational instability (MI) and its growth rate in the unstable regime of the DA waves are significantly modified by the effects of non-extensive electrons, dust mass, temperatures of different plasma species, etc. The implications of the obtained results from our current investigation in space (viz. Jupiters magnetosphere, upper mesosphere, and comets tails) and laboratory (e.g. direct current and radio-frequency discharges, plasma processing reactors, fusion plasma devices, and solid-fuel combustion products, etc.) dusty plasmas are briefly discussed.
Scaling Up LLM Reviews for Google Ads Content Moderation
Creators: name: Qiao, Wei
name: Dogra, Tushar
name: Stretcu, Otilia
name: Lyu, Yu-Han
name: Fang, Tiantian
name: Kwon, Dongjin
name: Lu, Chun-Ta
name: Luo, Enming
name: Wang, Yuan
name: Chia, Chih-Chun
name: Fuxman, Ariel
name: Wang, Fangzhou
name: Krishna, Ranjay
name: Tek, Mehmet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Large language models (LLMs) are powerful tools for content moderation, but their inference costs and latency make them prohibitive for casual use on large datasets, such as the Google Ads repository. This study proposes a method for scaling up LLM reviews for content moderation in Google Ads. First, we use heuristics to select candidates via filtering and duplicate removal, and create clusters of ads for which we select one representative ad per cluster. We then use LLMs to review only the representative ads. Finally, we propagate the LLM decisions for the representative ads back to their clusters. This method reduces the number of reviews by more than 3 orders of magnitude while achieving a 2x recall compared to a baseline non-LLM model. The success of this approach is a strong function of the representations used in clustering and label propagation; we found that cross-modal similarity representations yield better results than uni-modal representations.
Learning Style Identification Using Semi-Supervised Self-Taught Labeling
Creators: name: Ayyoub, Hani Y.
name: Al-Kadi, Omar S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Education is a dynamic field that must be adaptable to sudden changes and disruptions caused by events like pandemics, war, and natural disasters related to climate change. When these events occur, traditional classrooms with traditional or blended delivery can shift to fully online learning, which requires an efficient learning environment that meets students' needs. While learning management systems support teachers' productivity and creativity, they typically provide the same content to all learners in a course, ignoring their unique learning styles. To address this issue, we propose a semi-supervised machine learning approach that detects students' learning styles using a data mining technique. We use the commonly used Felder Silverman learning style model and demonstrate that our semi-supervised method can produce reliable classification models with few labeled data. We evaluate our approach on two different courses and achieve an accuracy of 88.83% and 77.35%, respectively. Our work shows that educational data mining and semi-supervised machine learning techniques can identify different learning styles and create a personalized learning environment.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures, journal paper in IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies
Precision determination of corotation radii in galaxy disks: Tremaine-Weinberg v. Font-Beckman for NGC 3433
Creators: name: Beckman, John E.
name: Font, Joan
name: Borlaff, Alejandro
name: García-Lorenzo, Begoña
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Density waves in galaxy disks have been proposed over the years, in a variety of specific models, to explain spiral arm structure and its relation to the mass distribution, notably in barred galaxies. An important parameter in dynamical density wave theories is the corotation radius, the galactocentric distance at which the stars and gas rotate at the same speed as the quasi-static propagating density wave. Determining corotation, and the pattern speed of a bar have become relevant to tests of cosmologically based theories of galaxy evolution involving the dynamical braking of bars by interaction with dark matter haloes. Here comparing two methods, one of which measures the pattern speed and the other the radius of corotation, using two instruments (an integral field spectrometer and a Fabry-Perot interferometer) and using both the stellar and interstellar velocity fields, we have determined the bar corotation radius, and three further radii of corotation for the SAB(s)b galaxy NGC3433. The results of both methods, with both instruments, and with both disk components give excellent agreement. This strengthens our confidence in the value of the two methods, and offers good perspectives for quantitative tests of different theoretical models.
description: Article accepted for publication in ApJ. It contains 7 figures and 2 tables
On the maximum fraction of edges covered by t perfect matchings in a cubic bridgeless graph
Creators: name: Esperet, Louis
name: Mazzuoccolo, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A conjecture of Berge and Fulkerson (1971) states that every cubic bridgeless graph contains 6 perfect matchings covering each edge precisely twice, which easily implies that every cubic bridgeless graph has three perfect matchings with empty intersection (this weaker statement was conjectured by Fan and Raspaud in 1994). Let $m_t$ be the supremum of all reals $α\le 1$ such that for every cubic bridgeless graph $G$, there exist $t$ perfect matchings of $G$ covering a fraction of at least $α$ of the edges of $G$. It is known that the Berge-Fulkerson conjecture is equivalent to the statement that $m_5=1$, and implies that $m_4=\tfrac{14}{15}$ and $m_3=\tfrac45$. In the first part of this paper, we show that $m_4=\tfrac{14}{15}$ implies $m_3=\tfrac45$, and $m_3=\tfrac45$ implies the Fan-Raspaud conjecture, strengthening a recent result of Tang, Zhang, and Zhu. In the second part of the paper, we prove that for any $2\le t \le 4$ and for any real $τ$ lying in some appropriate interval, deciding whether a fraction of more than (resp. at least) $τ$ of the edges of a given cubic bridgeless graph can be covered by $t$ perfect matching is an NP-complete problem. This resolves a conjecture of Tang, Zhang, and Zhu.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures - revised version
title: ADCO, Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour les possessions d'Aloxe (XVe siècle), Cart. 182 (11 H 233), 105 folios, f. 0085
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2017
name: Petot, Frédéric
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: cartulaire

description: Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour les possessions d'Aloxe (XVe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 182 (11 H 233), 105 folios, f. 0085, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour les possessions d'Aloxe (XVe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 182 (11 H 233), 105 folios, f. 0085, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
Robust subspace computation using L1 norm
Creators: name: Qifa  Ke
name: Kanade, Takeo
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Abstract: "Linear subspace has many important applications in computer vision, such as structure from motion, motion estimation, layer extraction, object recognition, and object tracking. Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) algorithm is a standard technique to compute the subspace from the input data. The SVD algorithm, however, is sensitive to outliers as it uses L2 norm metric, and it can not handle missing data either. In this paper, we propose using L1 norm metric to compute the subspace. We show that it is robust to outliers and can handle missing data. We present two algorithms to optimize the L1 norm metric: the weighted median algorithm and the quadratic programming algorithm."
A deep narrowband survey for planetary nebulae at the outskirts of M33
Creators: name: Galera-Rosillo, R.
name: Corradi, R. L. M.
name: Mampaso, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: Planetary nebulae (PNe) are excellent tracers of stellar populations with low surface brightness, and therefore provide a powerful method to detect and explore the rich system of substructures discovered around the main spiral galaxies of the Local Group. Aims: We searched the outskirts of the Local Group spiral galaxy M33 (the Triangulum) for PNe to gain new insights into the extended stellar substructure on the northern side of the disc and to study the existence of a faint classical halo. Methods: The search is based on wide field imaging covering a 4.5 square degree area out to a maximum projected distance of about 40 kpc from the centre of the galaxy. The PN candidates are detected by the combination of images obtained in narrowband filters selecting the [OIII]$\lambda5007Å$ and H$α$ + [NII] nebular lines and in the continuum g' and r' broadband filters. Results:Inside the bright optical disc of M33, eight new PN candidates were identified, three of which were spectroscopically confirmed. No PN candidates were found outside the limits of the disc. Fourteen additional sources showing [OIII] excess were also discovered. Conclusions:The absence of bright PN candidates in the area outside the galaxy disc covered by this survey sets an upper limit to the luminosity of the underlying population of $\mathrm{\sim1.6\cdot10^{7}L_{\odot}}$, suggesting the lack of a massive classical halo, which is in agreement with the results obtained using the RGB population.
description: 13 pages, 18 figures
Sheaf representations of MV-algebras and lattice-ordered abelian groups via duality
Creators: name: Gehrke, Mai
name: van Gool, Samuel J.
name: Marra, Vincenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 06D35. Secondary: 06F20, 06D50, 18F20, 54B40

description: We study representations of MV-algebras -- equivalently, unital lattice-ordered abelian groups -- through the lens of Stone-Priestley duality, using canonical extensions as an essential tool. Specifically, the theory of canonical extensions implies that the (Stone-Priestley) dual spaces of MV-algebras carry the structure of topological partial commutative ordered semigroups. We use this structure to obtain two different decompositions of such spaces, one indexed over the prime MV-spectrum, the other over the maximal MV-spectrum. These decompositions yield sheaf representations of MV-algebras, using a new and purely duality-theoretic result that relates certain sheaf representations of distributive lattices to decompositions of their dual spaces. Importantly, the proofs of the MV-algebraic representation theorems that we obtain in this way are distinguished from the existing work on this topic by the following features: (1) we use only basic algebraic facts about MV-algebras; (2) we show that the two aforementioned sheaf representations are special cases of a common result, with potential for generalizations; and (3) we show that these results are strongly related to the structure of the Stone-Priestley duals of MV-algebras. In addition, using our analysis of these decompositions, we prove that MV-algebras with isomorphic underlying lattices have homeomorphic maximal MV-spectra. This result is an MV-algebraic generalization of a classical theorem by Kaplansky stating that two compact Hausdorff spaces are homeomorphic if, and only if, the lattices of continuous [0, 1]-valued functions on the spaces are isomorphic.
description: 36 pages, 1 table
Robust Submodular Observation Selection
Creators: name: Krause, Andreas
name: H. Brendan McMahon
name: Guestrin, Carlos
name: Gupta, Anupam
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In many applications, one has to actively select among a set of expensive observations before making an informed decision. For example, in environmental monitoring, we want to select locations to measure in order to most effectively predict spatial phenomena. Often, we want to select observations which are robust against a number of possible objective functions. Examples include minimizing the maximum posterior variance in Gaussian Process regression, robust experimental design, and sensor placement for outbreak detection. In this paper, we present the Submodular Saturation algorithm, a simple and efficient algorithm with strong theoretical approximation guarantees for cases where the possible objective functions exhibit submodularity, an intuitive diminishing returns property. Moreover, we prove that better approximation algorithms do not exist unless NP-complete problems admit efficient algorithms. We show how our algorithm can be extended to handle complex cost functions (incorporating non-unit observation cost or communication and path costs). We also show how the algorithm can be used to near-optimally trade off expected-case (e.g., the Mean Square Prediction Error in Gaussian Process regression) and worst-case (e.g., maximum predictive variance) performance. We show that many important machine learning problems fit our robust submodular observation selection formalism, and provide extensive empirical evaluation on several real-world problems. For Gaussian Process regression, our algorithm compares favorably with state-of-the-art heuristics described in the geostatistics literature, while being simpler, faster and providing theoretical guarantees. For robust experimental design, our algorithm performs favorably compared to SDP-based algorithms.
Mechanical stress as a regulator of cell motility
Creators: name: Putelat, Thibaut
name: Recho, Pierre
name: Truskinovsky, Lev
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The motility of a cell can be triggered or inhibited not only by an applied force but also by a mechanically neutral force couple. This type of loading, represented by an applied stress and commonly interpreted as either squeezing or stretching, can originate from extrinsic interaction of a cell with its neighbors. To quantify the effect of applied stresses on cell motility we use an analytically transparent one-dimensional model accounting for active myosin contraction and induced actin turnover. We show that stretching can polarize static cells and initiate cell motility while squeezing can symmetrize and arrest moving cells. We show further that sufficiently strong squeezing can lead to the loss of cell integrity. The overall behavior of the system depends on the two dimensionless parameters characterizing internal driving (chemical activity) and external loading (applied stress). We construct a phase diagram in this parameter space distinguishing between, static, motile and collapsed states. The obtained results are relevant for the mechanical understanding of contact inhibition and the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Ridesharing with Passenger Transfers
Creators: name: Coltin, Brian
name: Veloso, Manuela M.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1989
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: — Recently, ridesharing mobile applications, which dynamically match passengers to drivers, have begun to gain popularity. These services have the potential to fill empty seats in cars, reduce emissions and enable more efficient transportation. Ridesharing services become even more practical as robotic cars become available to do all the driving. In this work, we propose rideshare services which transfer passengers between multiple drivers. By planning for transfers, we can increase the availability and range of the rideshare service, and also reduce the total vehicular miles travelled by the network. We propose three heuristic algorithms to schedule rideshare routes with transfers. Each gives a tradeoff in terms of effectiveness and computational cost. We demonstrate these tradeoffs, both in simulation and on data from taxi passengers in San Francisco. We demonstrate scenarios where transferring passengers can provide a significant advantage.
Thermal-Aware Floorplanner for 3D IC, including TSVs, Liquid Microchannels and Thermal Domains Optimization
Creators: name: Cuesta, David
name: Risco-Martín, José L.
name: Ayala, José L.
name: Hidalgo, J. Ignacio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: 3D stacked technology has emerged as an effective mechanism to overcome physical limits and communication delays found in 2D integration. However, 3D technology also presents several drawbacks that prevent its smooth application. Two of the major concerns are heat reduction and power density distribution. In our work, we propose a novel 3D thermal-aware floorplanner that includes: (1) an effective thermal-aware process with 3 different evolutionary algorithms that aim to solve the soft computing problem of optimizing the placement of functional units and through silicon vias, as well as the smooth inclusion of active cooling systems and new design strategies,(2) an approximated thermal model inside the optimization loop, (3) an optimizer for active cooling (liquid channels), and (4) a novel technique based on air channel placement designed to isolate thermal domains have been also proposed. The experimental work is conducted for a realistic many-core single-chip architecture based on the Niagara design. Results show promising improvements of the thermal and reliability metrics, and also show optimal scaling capabilities to target future-trend many-core systems.
On the global regularity of two-dimensional generalized magnetohydrodynamics system
Creators: name: Yamazaki, Kazuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the two-dimensional generalized magnetohydrodynamics system with dissipation and diffusion in terms of fractional Laplacians. In particular, we show that in case the diffusion term has the power $β= 1$, in contrast to the previous result of $α\geq \frac{1}{2}$, we show that $α> \frac{1}{3}$ suffices in order for the solution pair to remain smooth for all time.
description: This is the version accepted by the Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications
Double freeform illumination design for prescribed wavefronts and irradiances
Creators: name: Bösel, Christoph
name: Gross, Herbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A mathematical model in terms of partial differential equations (PDE) for the calculation of double freeform surfaces for irradiance and phase control with predefined input and output wavefronts is presented. It extends the results of Bösel and Gross [J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 34, 1490 (2017)] for the illumination design of single freeform surfaces for zero-étendue light sources to double freeform lenses and mirrors. The PDE model thereby overcomes the restriction to paraxiality or the requirement of at least one planar wavefront of the current design models in the literature. In contrast with the single freeform illumination design, the PDE system does not reduce to a Monge-Ampère type equation for the unknown freeform surfaces, if nonplanar input and output wavefronts are assumed. Additionally, a numerical solving strategy for the PDE model is presented. To show its efficiency, the algorithm is applied to the design of a double freeform mirror system and double freeform lens system.
description: Copyright 2018 Optical Society of America. One print or electronic copy may be made for personal use only. Systematic reproduction and distribution, duplication of any material in this paper for a fee or for commercial purposes, or modifications of the content of this paper are prohibited
Transport Dynamics of Parton Interactions in pp Collisions at LHC Energies
Creators: name: Srivastava, Dinesh K.
name: Chatterjee, Rupa
name: Bass, Steffen A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the transport dynamics of partons in proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider using a Boltzmann transport approach, the parton cascade model. The calculations include semi-hard pQCD interaction of partons populating the nucleons and provide a space-time description of the collision in terms of cascading partons undergoing scatterings and fragmentations. Parton production and number of collisions rise rapidly with increase in center of mass energy of the collision. For a given center of mass energy, the number of parton interactions is seen to rise stronger than linear with decreasing impact parameter before saturating for very central collisions. The strangeness enhance factor $γ_s$ for the semi-hard processes is found to rise rapidly and saturate towards the highest collision energies. Overall, our study indicates a significant amount of partonic interactions in proton-proton collisions, which supports the observation of fluid-like behavior for high multiplicity proton-proton collisions observed in the experiments.
description: 11 pages, 17 figures
Cool and Data-Driven: An Exploration of Optical Cool Dwarf Chemistry with Both Data-Driven and Physical Models
Creators: name: Rains, Adam D.
name: Nordlander, Thomas
name: Monty, Stephanie
name: Casey, Andrew R.
name: Rojas-Ayala, Bárbara
name: Žerjal, Maruša
name: Ireland, Michael J.
name: Casagrande, Luca
name: McKenzie, Madeleine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detailed chemical studies of F/G/K -- or Solar-type -- stars have long been routine in stellar astrophysics, enabling studies in both Galactic chemodynamics, and exoplanet demographics. However, similar understanding of the chemistry of M and late-K dwarfs -- the most common stars in the Galaxy -- has been greatly hampered both observationally and theoretically by the complex molecular chemistry of their atmospheres. Here we present a new implementation of the data-driven \textit{Cannon} model, modelling $T_{\rm eff}$, $\log g$, [Fe/H], and [Ti/Fe] trained on low-medium resolution optical spectra ($4\,000-7\,000\,$\SI{}{\angstrom}) from 103 cool dwarf benchmarks. Alongside this, we also investigate the sensitivity of optical wavelengths to various atomic and molecular species using both data-driven and theoretical means via a custom grid of MARCS synthetic spectra, and make recommendations for where MARCS struggles to reproduce cool dwarf fluxes. Under leave-one-out cross-validation, our \textit{Cannon} model is capable of recovering $T_{\rm eff}$, $\log g$, [Fe/H], and [Ti/Fe] with precisions of 1.4\%, $\pm0.04\,$dex, $\pm0.10\,$dex, and $\pm0.06\,$dex respectively, with the recovery of [Ti/Fe] pointing to the as-yet mostly untapped potential of exploiting the abundant -- but complex -- chemical information within optical spectra of cool stars.
description: 24 pages, 14 figures, 4 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Excitonic recombinations in hBN: from bulk to exfoliated layers
Creators: name: Pierret, Aurélie
name: Loayza, Jorge
name: Berini, Bruno
name: Betz, Andreas
name: Plaçais, Bernard
name: Ducastelle, François
name: Barjon, Julien
name: Loiseau, Annick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) and graphite are structurally similar but with very different properties. Their combination in graphene-based devices meets now a huge research focus, and it becomes particularly important to evaluate the role played by crystalline defects in them. In this work, the cathodoluminescence (CL) properties of hexagonal boron nitride crystallites are reported and compared to those of nanosheets mechanically exfoliated from them. First the link between the presence of structural defects and the recombination intensity of bound-excitons, the so-called D series, is confirmed. Low defective h-BN regions are further evidenced by CL spectral mapping (hyperspectral imaging), allowing us to observe new features in the near-band-edge region, tentatively attributed to phonon replica of exciton recombinations. Second the h-BN thickness was reduced down to six atomic layers, using mechanical exfoliation, as evidenced by atomic force microscopy. Even at these low thicknesses, the luminescence remains intense and exciton recombination energies are not strongly modified with respect to the bulk, as expected from theoretical calculations indicating extremely compact excitons in h-BN.
Revisiting the Effect of Topic Set Size on Retrieval Error
Creators: name: Wei-Hao  Lin
name: Hauptmann, Alexander
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1977
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Evaluating retrieval systems in a controlled environment with a large set of topics has been the core paradigm in the information retrieval community. Voorhees and Buckley proposed to estimate the reliability of retrieval experiments by calculating the probability of making wrong effectiveness judgments between two retrieval systems over two retrieval experiments[2], which is called Retrieval Experiment Error Rate (REER) in this paper. They have successfully shown how the topic set sizes affect the retrieval experiment reliability. However, the REER model in the previous work was empirically justified without providing a derivation based on statistical principles. We fill this gap and show that REER can indeed be derived from statistical principles. Based on the derived model we can explain why a successful experiment design depends on factors including a sufficient number of topics, large enough measurement score difference between systems, and a homogeneous distribution of retrieval scores for topics and systems, which reduces the variance of the score differences.
Arithmetic Gauge Theory: A Brief Introduction
Creators: name: Kim, Minhyong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 11G05, 11G30, 11G40, 81T13, 81T45

description: Much of arithmetic geometry is concerned with the study of principal bundles. They occur prominently in the arithmetic of elliptic curves and, more recently, in the study of the Diophantine geometry of curves of higher genus. In particular, the geometry of moduli spaces of principal bundles appears to be closely related to an effective version of Faltings's theorem on finiteness of rational points on curves of genus at least 2. The study of arithmetic principal bundles includes the study of {\em Galois representations}, the structures linking motives to automorphic forms according to the Langlands programme. In this article, we give a brief introduction to the arithmetic geometry of principal bundles with emphasis on some elementary analogies between arithmetic moduli spaces and the constructions of quantum field theory. For the most part, it can be read as an attempt to explain standard constructions of arithmetic geometry using the language of physics, albeit employed in an amateurish and ad hoc manner.
title: AN, Registre des écrous du Châtelet, Y5266, f. p1000829
Creators: name: Claustre, Julie
name: Nationales, Archives
name: Archives Nationales
name: Claustre, Julie
name: ArchivesNationales/J.CLAUSTRE/H.REGAZZI/2020
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Châtelet
subject: registre

description: Registre des écrous du Châtelet, Archives Nationales, Y5266. Numérisation en mode image.
description: Bibliographic citation: Archives Nationales, Registre des écrous du Châtelet, Y5266, f. p1000829
Spectral properties of entanglement witnesses
Creators: name: Sarbicki, Gniewomir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entanglement witnesses are observables which when measured, detect entanglement in a measured composed system. It is shown what kind of relations between eigenvectors of an observable should be fulfilled, to allow an observable to be an entanglement witness. Some restrictions on the signature of entaglement witnesses, based on an algebraic-geometrical theorem will be given. The set of entanglement witnesses is linearly isomorphic to the set of maps between matrix algebras which are positive, but not completely positive. A translation of the results to the language of positive maps is also given. The properties of entanglement witnesses and positive maps express as special cases of general theorems for $k$-Schmidt witnesses and $k$-positive maps. The results are therefore presented in a general framework.
description: published version, some proofs are more detailed, mistakes removed
A short account of thermoelectric film characterization techniques
Creators: name: Nandihalli, Nagaraj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermoelectric films and periodic structures have particularly intriguing electrical and thermal transport features due to their low dimensionality. As a result, they have piqued the attention of researchers from across the spectrum of disciplines. Their applications span from cooling fast CPUs to providing energy for wearable devices. The progress in the techniques for synthesizing TE materials and fabricating thin films has facilitated the emergence of a flourishing research domain in the field of electrical and thermal transport at the nanoscale. Further, a significant proportion of contemporary electronic, opto-electronic, and solar energy components are composed of materials featuring numerous interfaces and nanoscale contacts. Consequently, it is imperative to explore the thermal energy transfer and charge carrier transport across the films with thickness dimensions in the nanometer range. The development of cutting-edge approaches for grasping complicated processes at the nanoscale is critical. This review provides a concise overview of the prevalent methodologies developed over the last two decades and employed for the characterization of the Seebeck coefficient and electrical and thermal conductivity of thermoelectric films.
description: 83 pages
Bayesian Inference and Learning in Gaussian Process State-Space Models with Particle MCMC
Creators: name: Frigola, Roger
name: Lindsten, Fredrik
name: Schön, Thomas B.
name: Rasmussen, Carl E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: State-space models are successfully used in many areas of science, engineering and economics to model time series and dynamical systems. We present a fully Bayesian approach to inference \emph{and learning} (i.e. state estimation and system identification) in nonlinear nonparametric state-space models. We place a Gaussian process prior over the state transition dynamics, resulting in a flexible model able to capture complex dynamical phenomena. To enable efficient inference, we marginalize over the transition dynamics function and infer directly the joint smoothing distribution using specially tailored Particle Markov Chain Monte Carlo samplers. Once a sample from the smoothing distribution is computed, the state transition predictive distribution can be formulated analytically. Our approach preserves the full nonparametric expressivity of the model and can make use of sparse Gaussian processes to greatly reduce computational complexity.
Lettre de Emmanuel Du Villard à Jean-François Séguier, 1756-06-15
Creators: name: Du Villard, Emmanuel
name: Du Villard, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2021
Subjects: Librairie

description: [transcription] Monsieur,

J'eus l'honneur de vous informer le 5e courant de la réception d'une boîte de médailles, remise par M. Dassier à notre maison de Genève et de l'expédition que je vous en avais fait par le carrosse, au moyen de quoi j'ai prévenu les ordres que vous me donnez par l'honneur de votre lettre du 6 courant qui m'apprend la remise que vous aviez faite de quarante livres au bureau de la Poste, lesquelles m'ont été payées et j'ai écrit à notre maison de Genève de compter 19 lt 3 s. 6 d. à M. Antoine Dassier le fils pour votre compte, ce qui fait bien les 32 lt de France dont je vous ai débité, les 8 lt de surplus faisaient bien mes débours jusqu'alors. Il y a à présent vingt-huit sols pour les frais à la boîte médailles et 13 s. pour le port de la lettre d'Allemagne.

Je vous envoyai les paquets d'Allemagne tels que je les reçus. Ils n'ont point été ouverts. Je souhaite que vous retrouviez le Glandorp Onomasticon qui vous a manqué.

J'ai l'honneur d'être avec respect,

Monsieur

Votre très humble et très obéissant serviteur

Du Villard

A Lyon, le 15e juin 1756.

Comme je pourrais être absent et que vos ordres pourraient être retombés, les personnes qui sont ici n'ouvrant pas les lettres qui me sont adressées, ayez la complaisance à l'avenir d'écrire tout uniment aux frères de Tournes. c'est la même chose comme si vous m'écriviez.

Nîmes, M. Séguier.
description: [personnes citées] Jacques-Antoine Dassier
description: [reférence bibliographique citée] Glandorp, Johannes, Onomasticon familiarum romanorae, Franfort, 1589
description: Source: [lieu de Conservation] Nîmes, Bibliothèque Carré d'Art [cote]ms. 311_6, fol. 87
description: Source: ark:/12148/btv1b10015660f
Hierarchical structuring of Cultural Heritage objects within large aggregations
Creators: name: Wang, Shenghui
name: Isaac, Antoine
name: Charles, Valentine
name: Koopman, Rob
name: Agoropoulou, Anthi
name: van der Werf, Titia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Huge amounts of cultural content have been digitised and are available through digital libraries and aggregators like Europeana.eu. However, it is not easy for a user to have an overall picture of what is available nor to find related objects. We propose a method for hier- archically structuring cultural objects at different similarity levels. We describe a fast, scalable clustering algorithm with an automated field selection method for finding semantic clusters. We report a qualitative evaluation on the cluster categories based on records from the UK and a quantitative one on the results from the complete Europeana dataset.
description: The paper has been published in the proceedings of the TPDL conference, see http://tpdl2013.info. For the final version see http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-642-40501-3_25
Revisiting Positive Equality
Creators: name: Shuvendu K. Lahiri
name: Bryant, Randal E.
name: Goel, Amit
name: Muralidhar  Talupur
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1989
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper provides a stronger result for exploiting positive equality in the logic of Equality with Uninterpreted Functions (EUF). Positive equality analysis is used to reduce the number of interpretations required to check the validity of a formula. We remove the primary restriction of the previous approach proposed by Bryant, German and Velev [5], where positive equality could be exploited only when all the function applications for a function symbol appear in positive context. We show that the set of interpretations considered by our analysis of positive equality is a subset of the set of interpretations considered by the previous approach. The paper investigates the obstacles in exploiting the stronger notion of positive equality (called robust positive equality) in a decision procedure and provides a solution for it. We present empirical results on some verification benchmarks.
3D vortex approximation construction and $\varepsilon$-level estimates for the Ginzburg-Landau functional
Creators: name: Román, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35J20, 35J25, 35J50, 35J60, 35Q56, 49Q15, 49Q20, 53Z05, 82D55

description: We provide a quantitative three-dimensional vortex approximation construction for the Ginzburg-Landau functional. This construction gives an approximation of vortex lines coupled to a lower bound for the energy, optimal to leading order, analogous to the 2D ones, and valid for the first time at the $\varepsilon$-level. These tools allow for a new approach to analyze the behavior of global minimizers for the Ginzburg-Landau functional below and near the first critical field in 3D, followed in two forthcoming papers. In addition, they allow to obtain an $\varepsilon$-quantitative product estimate for the study of Ginzburg-Landau dynamics.
description: 73 pages