Anchonidium selvanum Germann & Braunert 2023, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Germann, Christoph
name: Braunert, Carlo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Curculionidae
Anchonidium
Anchonidium selvanum

description: Anchonidium selvanum sp. nov.  
Material.  
 Holotype ♂ 413_23.2 Portugal, Vila Real, Sra do Alvão, Bilhó, Bobal, 41°23'56"N, 7°49'48"W, 880m, Quercus cerris, Q. pyrenaica, Erica umbellata, 31.5.2023, leg. C. Germann (NMB).   
 Paratypes: 1 ♀ Portugal, Vila Real, Serra do Marão, 750 m, 21.05.1997, leg. W. Starke (cLB). - 1 ♂, 1 ♀ Portugal, Vila Real, Serra do Marão, 750 m, June 1997, leg. Th. Aßmann (cLB). - 1 ♂ Portugal, Vila Real, Serra do Marão, 750 m, 10.06.1997 (SDEI). - 27 ♂, 9 ♀ 413_23.2 PORTUGAL, Vila Real, Sra do Alvão, Bilhó, Bobal, 41°23'56"N, 7°49'48"W, 880 m, Quercus cerris, Q. pyrenaica, Erica arborea, 31.5.2023, leg. C. Germann (cCG, NHML, NMB, NMBE, NMPC). - 33 ex. dito, leg. C. Braunert (cCB). - 15 ♂, 6 ♀ 413_23.3 Portugal, Vila Real, Sra do Alvão, Bilhó, Bobal, 41°23'54"N, 7°49'42"W, 941 m, 31.5.2023, leg. C. Germann (cCG, NMB). - 6 ex. dito, leg. C. Braunert (cCB). - 9 ♂, 3 ♀ 413_23.4 Portugal, Vila Real, Sra do Alvão, 2km NW Lamas de Olo, 41°22'56"N, 7°49'01"W, 1056 m, 31.5.2023, leg. C. Germann (cCG). - 9 ♂, 9 ♀ dito, leg. C. Braunert (cCB). - 1 ♂, 1 ♀ 413_23.10 Portugal, Porto, Sra do Marão, 5 km E Ansiães, 41°14'55"N, 7°53'44"W, 1330 m, 2.6.2023, leg. C. Germann (cCG). - 1 ex. 413_23.11 Portugal, Porto, Sra do Marão, 5km NE Ansiães, 41°16'10"N, 7°54'21"W, 1180 m, GS [sifted] Quercus, 2.6.2023, leg. C. Braunert (cCB).   
Diagnosis.  
 (Figs 1-3, 7-14) Body length (without rostrum): 2.1-3.3 mm. Body colour auburn. Pronotum: Anterior margin of prosternum lacking rostral notch or channel. Metacoxae separated from mesocoxae by distance slightly superior to diameter of metacoxae; length of metaventrite as long as diameter of mesocoxae; first ventrite inbetween metacoxae coarsely punctuate with especially large, roundish-oval punctures, but not confluent to form deep grooves as in A. unguiculare. Elytra L/W: 1.5-1.6, elongate, parallel sided, widest shortly behind middle. Striae coarsely and regularly punctuate, counting 15-17 punctures from elytral base to declivity.   
 Male genitalia: Penis tube-like, in dorso-ventral view laterally diverging just before apex, almost rectangular, apical margin weakly rounded (Figs 7, 8); in lateral view bowed (Fig. 9).   
 Female genitalia: Sternite 8 with plate drop-shaped, apodeme shorter than plate, apex thickened and laterally strongly protruding (Fig. 10). Spermatheca c-shaped with tip of cornu pointed, base roundish, ramus and nodulus not protruding (Fig. 11). Sclerotized bursal atrium in dorso-ventral view ear-shaped, in lateral view with protruding basal appendix (Figs 12-14).   
Derivation of name.  
 Anchonidium selvanum sp. nov. is named after the native oak-forest in Portugal, characterised below, the name is taken from the Portuguese "la selva" which means the primeval forest. Unfortunately, this native habitat is severely threatened by the intensive wood logging, the reforestation with Eucalyptus and Mimosa trees from Australia or Pinus halepensis Mill. which all grow fast and the short time yield per square meter tempts the forest owners to plant them (Garcia et al. 2008; Queirós 2012). Finally, the natural forest habitats are severely threatened by wildfires, often lighted on purpose and tolerated or even enhanced by the fire-tolerant invading tree species.   
Ecology.  
 We found most numerous specimens per locality in remains of the native oak forests - 69 at the type locality in two sifting samples, and 57 at localities just nearby where the forest had been cut supposedly years before - (Figs 15, 16). This typical forest is similar to a subtropical cloud forest and is composed of the two indigenous species Quercus pyrenaica Willd. and Q. cerris L. with Erica umbellata L. and a wide variety of mosses, lichens and fern species on the tree’s branches, growing on granite stone. The deep and humid leaf litter is a good indicator for individual rich occurrences of Anchonidium selvanum sp. nov.
description: Published as part of Germann, Christoph & Braunert, Carlo, 2023, Anchonidium selvanum sp. nov. (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Molytinae) from northern Portugal, pp. 195-200 in Alpine Entomology 7 on page 195, DOI: 10.3897/alpento.7.111490