cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Modelling spatio-temporal dynamics of chiral coupling of quantum emitters to light fields in nanophotonic structures
Creators: name: Olthaus, Jan
name: Sohr, Maximilian
name: Wong, Stephan
name: Oh, Sang Soon
name: Reiter, Doris E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A quantum emitter placed in a nanophotonic structure can result in non-reciprocal phenomena like chiral light excitation. Here, we present a theoretical model to couple circularly polarized emitters described by the density matrix formalism to the electromagnetic fields within a finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulation. In particular, we discuss how to implement complex electric fields in the simulation to make use of the rotating wave approximation. By applying our model to a quantum emitter in a dielectric waveguide and an optical circulator, we show how the excitation of the quantum system depends on its position and polarization. In turn, the backcoupling can result in strongly asymmetric light excitation. Our framework and results will help better understand spatio-temporal dynamics of light field in nanophotonic structures containing quantum emitters.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 104.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 25.05.1986, 07:45, erstellt von Marco Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1986

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Additional file 1 of Prognostic significance of prognostic nutritional index and systemic immune‐inflammation index in patients after curative breast cancer resection: a retrospective cohort study
Creators: name: Xu, Tai
name: Zhang, Si-Ming
name: Wu, He-Ming
name: Wen, Xiao-Min
name: Qiu, Dong-Qin
name: Yang, Yu-Yang
name: Wang, Li-Zhen
name: Zhu, Wen-Biao
name: He, Li-Shan
name: Li, Jian-Juan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Subgroup analyses in relation to tertiles of PNI with the DFS. Supplementary Table 2. Subgroup analyses in relation to tertiles of SII with the DFS. Supplementary Table 3. Subgroup analyses in relation to tertiles of NLR with the DFS. Supplementary Table 4. Subgroup analyses in relation to tertiles of PLR with the DFS. Supplementary Figure 1. The Kaplan-Meier disease-free survival curves of all patients in the cohort according to tertiles of SII (log-rank analysis P = 0.817). Supplementary Figure 2. The Kaplan-Meier disease-free survival curves of all patients in the cohort according to tertiles of NLR (log-rank analysis P = 0.600). Supplementary Figure 3. The Kaplan-Meier disease-free survival curves of all patients in the cohort according to tertiles of PLR (log-rank analysis P = 0.090).
Climate change effects on aflatoxins in the dairy supply chain
Creators: name: Fels-Klerx, H.J. van der
name: Vermeulen, L.C.
name: Gavai, A.K.
name: Liu, C
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: MCMC, Aflatoxin, Climate, Dairy Supply Chain, Ensemble Modelling

description: Climate change is estimated to result into increased temperatures and rainfall in general, with more drought periods and heavy showers, in Europe. These effects are expected to affect the presence of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in maize grown in Europe, and might impact aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in milk as well. Three different climate models, one AFB1 forecasting model, and five transfer models, as published in literature, were used. Climate models considered were DMI, ETHZ, METO with 30 simulated years for 2030, and data from 2005-2017 as the baseline. Monte Carlo simulation with 10000 iterations was used to account for uncertainty and variation in input model parameters.
Scattering in integrable pp-wave backgrounds: S-matrix and absence of particle production
Creators: name: Georgiou, George
name: Sfetsos, Konstantinos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Particle production in integrable field theories may exist depending on the vacuum around which excitations are defined. To tackle this and analogous issues with conventional field theoretical tools, we consider the integrable $λ$-deformed model for $SU(2)$ together with a timelike coordinate. We construct the corresponding four-dimensional plane wave background keeping also post-plane wave corrections, as well as all the non-trivial $λ$-dependence. After imposing the light-cone gauge and the Virasoro constraints, we obtain an interacting field theory for the transverse physical modes which are massive. We explicitly demonstrate the absence of particle production to leading order in the large $k$-expansion. This is based crucially on the form of the interaction vertices and their dependence on the $λ$-deformation parameter. In addition, we compute the $S$-matrix for the two-particle elastic scattering exactly in $λ$ and to leading order in the large $k$-expansion. Our method can be applied to any integrable theory with at least one isometry.
description: 31 pages, 1 figure
Invariant Differential Operators for Non-Compact Lie Groups: the $SO^*(12)$ Case
Creators: name: Dobrev, V. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In the present paper we continue the project of systematic construction of invariant differential operators on the example of the non-compact algebra $so^*(12)$. We give the main multiplets of indecomposable elementary representations. Due to the recently established parabolic relations the multiplet classification results are valid also for the algebra $so(6,6)$ with suitably chosen maximal parabolic subalgebra.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure, Latex2e, Invited talk at the XXX International Colloquium on Group Theoretical Methods in Physics (Ghent, July 2014), Text overlap in Preliminaries with arXiv:1402.0190, arXiv:1312.5998; V2: misprints corrected
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 268.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 24.11.1986, 09:00, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1986

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Where are photons created in parametric down conversion? On the control of the spatio-temporal properties of biphoton states
Creators: name: Büse, Alexander
name: Tischler, Nora
name: Juan, Mathieu L.
name: Molina-Terriza, Gabriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In spontaneous parametric down-conversion photons are known to be created coherently and with equal probability over the entire length of the crystal. Then, there is no particular position in the crystal where a photon pair is created. We make the seemingly contradictory observation that we can control the time delay with the crystal position along the propagation direction. We resolve this contradiction by showing that the spatio-temporal correlations critically affect the temporal properties of the pair of photons, when using a finite detector size. We expect this to have important implications for experiments that require indistinguishable photons.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 24.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 03.02.1986, 12:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1986

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 35.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 18.02.1986, 13:00, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1986

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
On detection statistics in double-double-slit experiment
Creators: name: Kazemi, MohammadJavad
name: Hosseinzadeh, Vahid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we analyze the statistics of detection data in a general double-double-slit experiment. The two particles are detected at random times which are not equal in general and because we do not have any constraint on the distances of left and right screens from their slits and the ratio as well, they can be detected in completely different timescales. As the detection of first particle leads to collapse of the wave function, there is no a straightforward and agreed method to study this problem in the orthodox formalism which lacks a clear prediction of these random events and therefore the quantum state afterwards. This is not the case in Bohmian framework which we implement in this paper and we can predict the system up to the end of experiment. The main result is the joint distribution of detection data including the arrival time and position of the particles on left and right screens. As one of the main consequences, we see, although the joint spatial distribution can be affected by a change to the relative location of screens, the marginals on each side remain intact compatible with signal-locality. At the end, we see how this result is very sensitive to quantum equilibrium condition.
Additional file 1 of QSRR modeling of the chromatographic retention behavior of some quinolone and sulfonamide antibacterial agents using firefly algorithm coupled to support vector machine
Creators: name: Fouad, Marwa A.
name: Serag, Ahmed
name: Tolba, Enas H.
name: El-Shal, Manal A.
name: El Kerdawy, Ahmed M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Principal-Component Interferometric Modeling (PRIMO), an Algorithm for EHT Data I: Reconstructing Images from Simulated EHT Observations
Creators: name: Medeiros, Lia
name: Psaltis, Dimitrios
name: Lauer, Tod R.
name: Ozel, Feryal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The sparse interferometric coverage of the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) poses a significant challenge for both reconstruction and model fitting of black-hole images. PRIMO is a new principal components analysis-based algorithm for image reconstruction that uses the results of high-fidelity general relativistic, magnetohydrodynamic simulations of low-luminosity accretion flows as a training set. This allows the reconstruction of images that are both consistent with the interferometric data and that live in the space of images that is spanned by the simulations. PRIMO follows Monte Carlo Markov Chains to fit a linear combination of principal components derived from an ensemble of simulated images to interferometric data. We show that PRIMO can efficiently and accurately reconstruct synthetic EHT data sets for several simulated images, even when the simulation parameters are significantly different from those of the image ensemble that was used to generate the principal components. The resulting reconstructions achieve resolution that is consistent with the performance of the array and do not introduce significant biases in image features such as the diameter of the ring of emission.
description: Accepted to ApJ on Dec. 12, 2022, 23 pages, 19 figures, replaced with accepted version
Physical Models of Galaxy Formation in a Cosmological Framework
Creators: name: Somerville, Rachel S.
name: Davé, Romeel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modeling galaxy formation in a cosmological context presents one of the greatest challenges in astrophysics today, due to the vast range of scales and numerous physical processes involved. Here we review the current status of models that employ two leading techniques to simulate the physics of galaxy formation: semi-analytic models and numerical hydrodynamic simulations. We focus on a set of observational targets that describe the evolution of the global and structural properties of galaxies from roughly Cosmic High Noon ($z\sim 2-3$) to the present. Although minor discrepancies remain, overall, models show remarkable convergence between different methods and make predictions that are in qualitative agreement with observations. Modelers seem to have converged on a core set of physical processes that are critical for shaping galaxy properties. This core set includes cosmological accretion, strong stellar-driven winds that are more efficient at low masses, black hole feedback that preferentially suppresses star formation at high masses, and structural and morphological evolution through merging and environmental processes. However, all cosmological models currently adopt phenomenological implementations of many of these core processes, which must be tuned to observations. Many details of how these diverse processes interact within a hierarchical structure formation setting remain poorly understood. Emerging multi-scale simulations are helping to bridge the gap between stellar and cosmological scales, placing models on a firmer, more physically grounded footing. Concurrently, upcoming telescope facilities will provide new challenges and constraints for models, particularly by directly constraining inflows and outflows through observations of gas in and around galaxies.
description: Submitted version of review article to appear in Vol. 53 of Annual Reviews of Astronomy and Astrophysics. 67 pages, 8 figures
Statistics of diffusive encounters with a small target: Three complementary approaches
Creators: name: Grebenkov, Denis S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diffusive search for a static target is a common problem in statistical physics with numerous applications in chemistry and biology. We look at this problem from a different perspective and investigate the statistics of encounters between the diffusing particle and the target. While an exact solution of this problem was recently derived in the form of a spectral expansion over the eigenbasis of the Dirichlet-to-Neumann operator, the latter is generally difficult to access for an arbitrary target. In this paper, we present three complementary approaches to approximate the probability density of the rescaled number of encounters with a small target in a bounded confining domain. In particular, we derive a simple fully explicit approximation, which depends only on a few geometric characteristics such as the surface area and the harmonic capacity of the target, and the volume of the confining domain. We discuss the advantages and limitations of three approaches and check their accuracy. We also deduce an explicit approximation for the distribution of the first-crossing time, at which the number of encounters exceeds a prescribed threshold. Its relations to common first-passage time problems are discussed.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 272.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 28.11.1986, 08:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1986

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Sodium chloride inhibits effective bubbly drag reduction in turbulent bubbly Taylor-Couette flows
Creators: name: Blaauw, Luuk J.
name: Lohse, Detlef
name: Huisman, Sander G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the Taylor--Couette geometry we experimentally investigate the effect of salt on drag reduction caused by bubbles present in the flow. We combine torque measurements with optical high-speed imaging to relate the bubble size to the drag experienced by the flow. Previous findings have shown that a small percentage of air (4%) can lead to dramatic drag reduction (40%). In contrast to previous laboratory experiments, which mainly used fresh water, we will vary the salinity from fresh water to the average salinity of ocean water. We find that the drag reduction is increasingly more inhibited for increasing salt concentration; going from 40% for fresh water to just 15% for sea water. Salts present in the working fluid inhibit coalescence events, resulting in smaller bubbles in the flow and with that, decreasing the drag reduction. Above a critical salinity, increasing the salinity has no further effect on the bubble sizes in the flow and thus the drag experienced by the flow. Our new findings demonstrate the importance of NaCl on the bubbly drag reduction mechanism, and will further challenge the naval architects to implement promising air lubrication systems on marine vessels.
The Futility of Exoplanet Biosignatures
Creators: name: Smith, Harrison B.
name: Mathis, Cole
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Other Quantitative Biology (q-bio.OT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The ultimate goal of astrobiology is to determine the distribution and diversity of life in the universe. But as the word "biosignature" suggests, what will be detected is not life itself, but an observation implicating a particular process associated with living systems. Technical constraints and our limited access to other worlds suggest we are more likely to detect an out-of-equilibrium suite of gasses than a writhing octopus. Yet, anything short of a writhing octopus will raise skepticism among astrobiologists about what has been detected. Resolving that skepticism requires a theory to delineate processes due to life and those due solely to abiotic mechanisms. This poses an existential question for the endeavor of life detection: How do astrobiologists plan to detect life via features shared between non-living and living systems? We argue that you cannot without an underlying theory of life. We illustrate this by analyzing the hypothetical detection of an "Earth 2.0" exoplanet. In the absence of a theory of life, we argue the community should focus on identifying unambiguous features of life via four areas of active research: understanding the principles of life on Earth, building life in the lab, detecting life in the solar system and searching for technosignatures. Ultimately, we ask, what exactly do astrobiologists hope to learn by searching for life?
description: 15 pages, 2 figures, 1 box
On the Edge: the relation between stellar and dark matter haloes of Milky Way-mass galaxies
Creators: name: Genina, Anna
name: Deason, Alis
name: Frenk, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the build-up of the accreted stellar and dark matter haloes of Milky Way-like galaxies in APOSTLE suite of cosmological hydrodynamics simulations. We show that the stellar halo is made up primarily of stars stripped from a small number of massive dwarfs, most of which are disrupted by the present day. The dark matter halo, on the other hand, is made up primarily of small unresolved subhaloes ($\lesssim 10^6$ M$_{\odot}$) and a ``smooth'' component consisting of particles which were never bound to a subhalo. Despite these differences, the massive dwarfs that make up the majority of the stellar halo also contribute a significant fraction of the dark matter. The stars and dark matter stripped from these dwarfs are related through their kinematics and this leaves imprints in the phase-space structure of the haloes. We examine the relation between the location of features, such as caustics, in the phase space of the stars and dark halo properties. We show that the ``edge'' of the stellar halo is a probe of dark matter halo mass and assembly history. The edges of Milky Way-mass galaxies should be visible at a surface brightness of 31-36 mag arcsec$^{-2}$.
description: 20 pages, 14 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Anisotropic Brown-Resnick space-time processes: estimation and model assessment
Creators: name: Buhl, Sven
name: Klüppelberg, Claudia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62G32, 62M40, 62P12 (primary), 62F05, 62F12 (secondary)

description: Spatially isotropic max-stable processes have been used to model extreme spatial or space-time observations. One prominent model is the Brown-Resnick process, which has been successfully fitted to time series, spatial data and space-time data. This paper extends the process to possibly anisotropic spatial structures. For regular grid observations we prove strong consistency and asymptotic normality of pairwise maximum likelihood estimates for fixed and increasing spatial domain, when the number of observations in time tends to infinity. We also present a statistical test for isotropy versus anisotropy. We apply our test to precipitation data in Florida, and present some diagnostic tools for model assessment. Finally, we present a method to predict conditional probability fields and apply it to the data.
description: 31 pages, 6 figures. Published in Extremes. The final publication is available at http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10687-016-0257-1
The bad locus in the moduli of super Riemann surfaces with Ramond punctures
Creators: name: Donagi, Ron
name: Ott, Nadia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The bad locus in the moduli of super Riemann surfaces with Ramond punctures parametrizes those super Riemann surfaces that have more than the expected number of independent closed holomorphic 1-forms. There is a super period map that depends on certain discrete choices. For each such choice, the period map blows up along a divisor that contains the bad locus. Our main result is that away from the bad locus, at least one of these period maps remains finite. In other words, we identify the bad locus as the intersection of the blowup divisors. The proof abstracts the situation into a question in linear algebra, which we then solve. We also give some bounds on the dimension of the bad locus.
description: 13 pages; some references and minor clarifications added
Asymptotic linearity of binomial random hypergraphs via cluster expansion under graph-dependence
Creators: name: Zhang, Rui-Ray
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let integer $n \ge 3$ and integer $r = r(n) \ge 3$. Define the binomial random $r$-uniform hypergraph $H_r(n, p)$ to be the $r$-uniform graph on the vertex set $[n]$ such that each $r$-set is an edge independently with probability $p$. A hypergraph is linear if every pair of hyperedges intersects in at most one vertex. We study the probability of linearity of random hypergraphs $H_r(n, p)$ via cluster expansion and give more precise asymptotics of the probability in question, improving the asymptotic probability of linearity obtained by McKay and Tian, in particular, when $r=3$ and $p = o(n^{-7/5})$.
description: To appear in Advances in Applied Mathematics
Uncorrelated Compensated Isocurvature Perturbations from kSZ Tomography
Creators: name: Kumar, Neha Anil
name: Hotinli, Selim C.
name: Kamionkowski, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Compensated isocurvature perturbations (CIPs) are relative density perturbations in which a baryon-density fluctuation is accompanied by a dark matter density fluctuation such that the total-matter density is unperturbed. These fluctuations can be produced primordially if multiple fields are present during inflation, and therefore they can be used to differentiate between different models for the early Universe. Kinetic Sunyaev-Zeldovich (kSZ) tomography allows for the reconstruction of the radial-velocity field of matter as a function of redshift. This technique can be used to reconstruct the total-matter-overdensity field, independent of the galaxy-density field obtained from large-scale galaxy surveys. We leverage the ability to measure the galaxy- and matter-overdensity fields independently to construct a minimum-variance estimator for the primordial CIP amplitude, based on a mode-by-mode comparison of the two measurements. We forecast that a configuration corresponding to CMB-S4 and VRO will be able to detect (at $2σ$) a CIP amplitude $A$ (for a scale-invariant power spectrum) as small as $A\simeq 5\times 10^{-9}$. Similarly, a configuration corresponding to SO and DESI will be sensitive to a CIP amplitude $A\simeq 1\times 10^{-7}$. These values are to be compared to current constraints $A \leq {\cal O}(0.01)$.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures. All comments are welcome!
title: Using Monte Carlo Simulation to Forecast the Scientific Utility of Psychological App Studies: A Tutorial
Creators: name: Kueppers, Sebastian
name: Rau, Richard
name: Scharf, Florian
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: App-based data collection
subject: Monte Carlo simulations
subject: dropout
subject: longitudinal data
subject: planned missingness
subject: 150
subject: Monte-Carlo-Simulation
subject: App
subject: Datenerhebung

description: Gefördert im Rahmen des Projekts DEAL
Radio emission from weak spherical shocks in the outskirts of galaxy clusters
Creators: name: Kang, Hyesung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In Kang (2015) we calculated the acceleration of cosmic-ray electrons and the ensuing radio synchrotron emission at weak spherical shocks that are expected to form in the outskirts of galaxy clusters.There we demonstrated that, at decelerating spherical shocks, the volume integrated spectra of both electrons and radiation deviate significantly from the test-particle power-laws predicted for constant planar shocks, because the shock compression ratio and the flux of injected electrons decrease in time. In this study, we consider spherical blast waves propagating into a constant density core surrounded by an isothermal halo with a decreasing density profile in order to explore how the deceleration rate of the shock speed affects the radio emission from accelerated electrons. The surface brightness profile and the volume-integrated radio spectrum of the model shocks are calculated by assuming a ribbon-like shock surface on a spherical shell and the associated downstream region of relativistic electrons. If the postshock magnetic field strength is about 7 microgauss, at the shock age of ~50 Myr, the volume-integrated radio spectrum steepens gradually with the spectral index from alpha_{inj} to alpha_{inj}+0.5 over 0.1-10 GHz, where alpha_{inj} is the injection index at the shock positionexpected from the diffusive shock acceleration theory. Such gradual steepening could explain the curved radio spectrum of the radio relic in cluster A2266, which was interpreted as a broken power-law by Trasatti et al. (2014), if the relic shock is young enough so that the break frequency falls in around 1 GHz.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Journal of Korean Astronomical Society
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 145.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 07.07.1986, 07:30, erstellt von Michele Bianda, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1986

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 2.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Characterization of UV Bursts Using Line-Ratio Electron Density Diagnostics
Creators: name: Conneely, Fiona
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Active Solar Chromosphere
Solar Ultraviolet Emission
Solar Chromospheric Heating

description: We compare abundance-sensitive and abundance-insensitive electron density diagnostics for a large sample of UV burst spectra. These bursts are compact (~1 arcsec), short-lived (~minutes to hours) active-region phenomena, forming in the cool lower solar atmosphere and capable of reaching nearly 100,000K. They exhibit significant intensification and broadening/splitting of the Si IV 1393.76/1402.77 Å lines, which we believe are signatures of magnetic reconnection. Bursts also display absorption from cool metallic ions Ni II and Fe II, suggesting that they form deep in the chromosphere. These unusual phenomena are critical to understanding energy and mass transfer within the solar atmosphere, possibly contributing to upper-chromospheric and coronal heating and affecting the energetics and dynamics of the lower atmosphere. We employ a semi-automated detection algorithm to assemble a sample of over 9,800 UV burst spectra for Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) observations of two active regions spanning several days. We perform line-ratio density diagnostics using an O IV pair as well as a Si IV / O IV ratio. Since bursts are characterized by strong Si IV 1402.77 Å emission and O IV 1401.16 Å also appears strongly in a majority of burst spectra, the Si IV / O IV diagnostic has the potential to be a robust density indicator. There is a significant uncertainty around the use of different-species diagnostics due to their strong dependence on the relative atomic abundances, which are poorly constrained in the chromosphere. We compare the Si IV / O IV diagnostic with the abundance-insensitive O IV 1399.78 Å / O IV 1401.16 Å ratio and comment on the viability of the Si IV /O IV method in burst regions. We also find the rates of detection for these lines in our spectra, with 47 percent of O IV 1399.78 Å and 70 percent of O IV 1401.16 Å lines passing a signal-to-noise threshold of three. Our density analysis provides useful constraints on UV burst formation altitudes and aids in the comparison of observations to models.
description: This work is supported by the NSF-REU Solar Physics program at SAO, grant number AGS-1850750 and NASA H-SR grant number 80NSSC18K1124.
Numerical-relativity surrogate modeling with nearly extremal black-hole spins
Creators: name: Walker, Marissa
name: Varma, Vijay
name: Lovelace, Geoffrey
name: Scheel, Mark A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerical relativity (NR) simulations of binary black hole (BBH) systems provide the most accurate gravitational wave predictions, but at a high computational cost -- especially when the black holes have nearly extremal spins (i.e. spins near the theoretical upper limit) or very unequal masses. Recently, the technique of Reduced Order Modeling (ROM) has enabled the construction of surrogate models trained on an existing set of NR waveforms. Surrogate models enable the rapid computation of the gravitational waves emitted by BBHs. Typically these models are used for interpolation to compute gravitational waveforms for BBHs with mass ratios and spins within the bounds of the training set. Because simulations with nearly extremal spins are so technically challenging, surrogate models almost always rely on training sets with only moderate spins. In this paper, we explore how well surrogate models can extrapolate to nearly extremal spins when the training set only includes moderate spins. For simplicity, we focus on one-dimensional surrogate models trained on NR simulations of BBHs with equal masses and equal, aligned spins. We assess the performance of the surrogate models at higher spin magnitudes by calculating the mismatches between extrapolated surrogate model waveforms and NR waveforms, by calculating the differences between extrapolated and NR measurements of the remnant black-hole mass, and by testing how the surrogate model improves as the training set extends to higher spins. We find that while extrapolation in this one-dimensional case is viable for current detector sensitivities, surrogate models for next-generation detectors should use training sets that extend to nearly extremal spins.
Additional file 3: of A two-month follow-up evaluation testing interventions to limit the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistant bacteria among Maasai of northern Tanzania
Creators: name: Roulette, Casey
name: Caudell, Mark
name: Roulette, Jennifer
name: Quinlan, Robert
name: Quinlan, Marsha
name: Subbiah, Murugan
name: Call, Douglas
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Computational Biology

description: Full Poisson and Logit Models, with Model fit Indices and Variance Inflation Factors (VIFs) for all Models Full models include: Poisson Models of the number of bacteria (Table S1) and AMR (Table S2) knowledge items recalled versus demographic and socioeconomic variables, for all participants combined, women, and men; Poisson models of the number of health benefit knowledge items recalled (Table S3) and the number of innovation use steps performed correctly (Table S4) versus demographic and socioeconomic variables, by gender; and a logit model of whether an innovation was used (1) or not (0) versus demographic and socioeconomic variables, by gender (Table S5). (DOCX 307 kb)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 19.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 24.01.1986, 09:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1986

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 2.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Additional file 1: Table S1. of Comprehensive analysis of differentially expressed genes associated with PLK1 in bladder cancer
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhe
name: Guojun Zhang
name: Zhipeng Gao
name: Shiguang Li
name: Zeliang Li
name: Jianbin Bi
name: Xiankui Liu
name: Zhenhua Li
name: Chuize Kong
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: The siRNA sequences of the target genes. (DOCX 15Â kb)
Field of view advantage of conjugate adaptive optics in microscopy applications
Creators: name: Mertz, Jerome
name: Paudel, Hari
name: Bifano, Thomas G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The imaging performance of an optical microscope can be degraded by sample-induced aberrations. A general strategy to undo the effect of these aberrations is to apply wavefront correction with a deformable mirror (DM). In most cases, the DM is placed conjugate to the microscope pupil, called pupil adaptive optics (AO). When the aberrations are spatially variant, an alternative configuration involves placing the DM conjugate to the main source of aberrations, called conjugate AO. We provide theoretical and experimental comparison of both configurations for the simplified case where spatially variant aberrations are produced by a well defined phase screen. We pay particular attention to the resulting correction field of view (FOV). Conjugate AO is found to provide a significant FOV advantage. While this result is well known in the astronomy community, our goal here is to recast it specifically for the optical microscopy community.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
A meshfree collocation scheme for surface differential operators on point clouds
Creators: name: Singh, Abhinav
name: Foggia, Alejandra
name: Incardona, Pietro
name: Sbalzarini, Ivo F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a meshfree collocation scheme to discretize intrinsic surface differential operators over scalar fields on smooth curved surfaces with given normal vectors and a non-intersecting tubular neighborhood. The method is based on Discretization-Corrected Particle Strength Exchange (DC-PSE), which generalizes finite difference methods to meshfree point clouds. The proposed Surface DC-PSE method is derived from an embedding theorem, but we analytically reduce the operator kernels along surface normals to obtain a purely intrinsic computational scheme over surface point clouds. We benchmark Surface DC-PSE by discretizing the Laplace-Beltrami operator on a circle and a sphere, and we present convergence results for both explicit and implicit solvers. We then showcase the algorithm on the problem of computing Gauss and mean curvature of an ellipsoid and of the Stanford Bunny by approximating the intrinsic divergence of the normal vector field. Finally, we compare Surface DC-PSE with Surface Finite Elements (SFEM) and Diffuse-Interface Finite Elements (DI FEM) in a validation case.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 188.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 20.08.1986, 07:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1986

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
On-demand continuous-variable quantum entanglement source for integrated circuits
Creators: name: Günay, Mehmet
name: Das, Priyam
name: Yuce, Emre
name: Polat, Emre Ozan
name: Bek, Alpan
name: Tasgin, Mehmet Emre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Integration of devices generating nonclassical states~(such as entanglement) into photonic circuits is one of the major goals in achieving integrated quantum circuits~(IQCs). This is demonstrated successfully in recent decades. Controlling the nonclassicality generation in these micron-scale devices is also crucial for the robust operation of the IQCs. Here, we propose a micron-scale quantum entanglement device whose nonlinearity (so the generated nonclassicality) can be tuned by several orders of magnitude via an \textit{applied voltage} without altering the linear response. Quantum emitters~(QEs), whose level-spacing can be tuned by voltage, are embedded into the hotspot of a metal nanostructure~(MNS). QE-MNS coupling introduces a Fano resonance in the ``nonlinear response''. Nonlinearity, already enhanced extremely due to localization, can be controlled by the QEs' level-spacing. Nonlinearity can either be suppressed (also when the probe is on the device) or be further enhanced by several orders. Fano resonance takes place in a relatively narrow frequency window so that $\sim$meV voltage-tunability for QEs becomes sufficient for a \textit{continuous} turning on/off of the nonclassicality. This provides as much as 5 orders of magnitude modulation depths.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
Quantum Field Theory based Quantum Information: Measurements and Correlations
Creators: name: Anastopoulos, Charis
name: Hu, Bei-Lok
name: Savvidou, Konstantina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is the first in a series of papers aiming to develop a relativistic quantum information theory in terms of unequal-time correlation functions in quantum field theory. In this work, we highlight two formalisms which together can provide a useful theoretical platform suitable for further developments: 1) Quantum field measurements using the Quantum Temporal Probabilities (QTP) method; 2) Closed-Time-Path (CTP) formalism for causal time evolutions. QTP incorporates the detector into the quantum description, while emphasising that the records of measurement are macroscopic, and they can be expressed in terms of classical spacetime coordinates. We first present a new, elementary derivation of the QTP formulas for the probabilities of n measurement events. We then demonstrate the relation of QTP with the Closed-Time-Path formalism, by writing an explicit formula that relates the associated generating functionals. We exploit the path integral representation of the CTP formalism, in order to express the measured probabilities in terms of path integrals. After this, we provide some simple applications of the QTP formalism. In particular, we show how Unruh-DeWitt detector models and Glauber's photodetection theory appear as limiting cases . Finally, with quantum correlation being the pivotal notion in relativistic quantum information and measurements, we highlight the role played by the CTP two-particle irreducible effective action which enables one to tap into the resources of non-equilibrium quantum field theory for our stated purpose.
description: 41 pages. Arguments expanded and clarified, references and an appendix added, to appear in Ann. Phys
Additional file 1 of Personality-related and psychosocial correlates of sick leave days in Germany during the COVID-19 pandemic: findings of a representative survey
Creators: name: Hajek, André
name: König, Hans-Helmut
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary Material 1