cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Development, evaluation, and application of dominant runoff generation processes in hydrological modeling
Creators: name: Rosin, Klemens
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Large scale landuse changes have been making the news throughout the world. However, the assessment of landuse change impacts on the hydrological cycle is still a challenging task. Complex hydrological models cannot be applied to watersheds without detailed climate, vegetation, soil, and runoff data. Simple models do not provide sufficient support for spatially distributed landuse management decisions. Therefore, this study presents parsimonious, process-based, spatially-distributed hydrologic models to assess effects of landuse changes on runoff in ungauged basins. The introduced models were based upon the assumption that storm runoff is predominantly generated on certain areas of a watershed. The most commonly used method to predict the runoff generation areas is the concept of dominant runoff generation processes (DRP), which are channel interception, subsurface storm flow, Hortonian and saturation excess overland flow. In particular, forecasts of saturation overland flow generating areas have been controversial in previous research. Therefore, traditional and new soil saturation prediction concepts were evaluated with field data in the first part of this study. Best predictions were found for combinations of topographical indices and groundwater table depths. For three out of four assessed watersheds, optimized model parameters depended on climate. In the second part of the study, DRP model structures were developed. Established DRP area delineation was extended with dynamic process and connectivity modules. The latter were found to improve model fit and parameter feasibility, particularly in process-based DRP models. Temporal connectivity distributions demonstrated that Hortonian overland flow was more affected by connectivity than subsurface flow. Third, the DRP models were used to predict stream flow and effects of landuse changes on peak flow. Stream flow predictions improved if DRP concepts were added to topographical data; however, the additional DRP-based prediction improvement was marginal if climate data were available. DRP-based snowmelt and peak flow predictions agreed well with observed data. The model was used to predict effects of the mountain pine beetle infestation in British Columbia on peak flow in 290 watersheds. Peak flow increases up to 70% were forecasted, and a strong relationship between peak flow increase and landuse change affected area proportion of a watershed was found.
Determination of 141Pr(alpha,n)144Pm cross sections at energies of relevance for the astrophysical p-process using the gamma-gamma coincidence method
Creators: name: Sauerwein, A.
name: Becker, H. W.
name: Dombrowski, H.
name: Elvers, M.
name: Endres, J.
name: Giesen, U.
name: Hasper, J.
name: Hennig, A.
name: Netterdon, L.
name: Rauscher, T.
name: Rogalla, D.
name: Zell, K. O.
name: Zilges, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The reaction 141Pr(alpha,n)144Pm was investigated between E_alpha=11 MeV and 15 MeV with the activation method using the gamma-gamma coincidence method with a segmented clover-type high-purity Germanium (HPGe) detector. Measurements with four other HPGe detectors were additionally made. The comparison proves that the gamma-gamma coincidence method is an excellent tool to investigate cross sections down to the microbarn range. The (alpha,n) reaction at low energy is especially suited to test alpha+nucleus optical-model potentials for application in the astrophysical p-process. The experimentally determined cross sections were compared to Hauser-Feshbach statistical model calculations using different optical potentials and generally an unsatisfactory reproduction of the data was found. A local potential was constructed to improve the description of the data. The consequences of applying the same potential to calculate astrophysical (gamma,alpha) rates for 145Pm and 148Gd were explored. In summary, the data and further results underline the problems in global predictions of alpha+nucleus optical potentials at astrophysically relevant energies.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, accepted in Phys. Rev. C
Additional file 1 of The functional role of spatial anisotropies in ensemble perception
Creators: name: Tiurina, Natalia A.
name: Markov, Yuri A.
name: Whitney, David
name: Pascucci, David
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary analysis of Experiment 3. Fig. S1. Grayscale representation of raw weights (model coefficients) from the spatial weighted average model for the three duration conditions of Experiment 3. The spatial anisotropies, notably the central bias, exhibit stability and consistency across different stimulus durations, with white indicating larger weights. Fig. S2. Model results using spatial anisotropy from the 100 ms condition (training) to predict single-trial errors in the 100 ms, 500 ms, and 1000 ms conditions (tests) through cross-validation (5-fold). Each individual subject is represented by open blue, red, and green circles for the 100, 500, and 1000 ms conditions, respectively, with evaluation based on the correlation between predicted and observed single-trial errors in the left-out data of the same subject (averaging cross-validation folds). This supplementary analysis aims to determine if variance in longer duration conditions can be explained by anisotropy in the 100 ms condition, indicating minimal influence of differential eye movements due to longer stimulus durations on the results. The average model performance remains consistent across duration conditions, significantly exceeding chance levels (open gray circles and bars, illustrating the median and upper and lower 99th quantiles of correlations obtained by shuffling observed errors across trials). Consequently, spatial maps derived from the 100 ms stimulus duration demonstrate stability and consistency as stimulus duration increases, and exhibit the ability to predict single-trial errors at other durations with the same model performance.
The Battle of Jutland and the teaching of naval warfare at the French Army’s higher war school in Paris,1920-21
Creators: name: Madsen, Chris
Publisher: name: British Journal for Military History
Year: 2023

description: The French Army promoted and practiced inter-service familiarity in advanced professional studies carried out at its well-established higher war school in Paris that reopened immediately after the First World War. As part of the curriculum, naval officers lectured to army officers on naval tactics and strategy with a strong historical focus. This activity involved early teaching by one of the French Navy’s leading original thinkers in the interwar period. Recent war experience against the Germans provided rich content for those lectures. The naval battle of Jutland was one case given particular consideration. A mimeographed typescript copy of the original lectures indicates that the French showed interest in a sea encounter with which they were only tangentially involved.
description: British Journal for Military History, Vol. 9 No. 3 (2023)
title: Whistleblowing in Software Engineering
title: A Study of Interactions and Escalations in Whistleblowing Situations
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Hunt, Lucy
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2024

description: High-profile incidents and scandals involving software at Boeing,
 Volkswagen and the UK Post Office have resulted in loss of life,
 environmental damage, and societal harm. Why were there no apparent
 whistleblowers during the development of these systems, why did issues
 only come to light after the systems were in production? Whistleblowing
 can be described as a public interest disclosure about organisational
 wrongdoing or harm. Organisations have a responsibility to demonstrate
 effective mechanisms for detecting, evidencing, mitigating, and speaking
 up if professional values, practices, or standards are breached on IT
 projects. Specifically, the ACM Code of Ethics advises software
 professionals to “blow the whistle” if leaders do not act to mitigate
 risks of harm. Recent stories in the media demonstrate that software
 professionals with insider knowledge of issues at Google, Uber, Twitter,
 and Facebook do take individual and collective action to disclose
 wrongdoing and harm, often at great personal cost.

 My published literature review finds software engineering research lacks
 empirical in-practice studies of whistleblowing, reflective of the
 frequency, sensitive nature, and obtrusiveness of studying such events. In
 this thesis I ask, “why and how do software engineers blow the whistle?”
 and report on actions taken (or not taken) by software engineering
 professionals to mitigate harm and wrongdoing in software engineering
 practice. I use existing whistleblowing research and theories to inform
 the development of a Whistleblowing in Software Engineering (WISE)
 analysis framework. The framework guides the systematic analysis and
 abstraction of story data from interviews. Important findings, specific to
 software engineering practice, are presented through cases in the health,
 transport, and nuclear industries; my findings are discussed in light of
 existing whistleblowing research. Key findings relate to tampering with
 software artefacts to remove, disguise, or leave evidence of issues, and
 the creating of team and organisational secrets. The cases notably
 evidence issues being suppressed or covered up by management, in breach of
 regulatory standards and compliance processes. I find practitioners
 motivated to uphold professional values and standards despite the negative
 consequences for themselves. Some experienced practitioners seek help from
 professional and regulatory bodies to mitigate concerns; some less
 experienced staff keep quiet, raise issues discretely with colleagues, or
 are threatened into complying with management wrongdoing. The cases
 confirm findings reported in laboratory studies and call for further
 in-practice studies with researchers given timely access to stakeholders
 and software artefacts linked to recent or emerging whistleblowing
 situations.
‘They got it all wrong!’ – Victorian War Fiction and the First World War
Creators: name: Wintjes, Jorit
Publisher: name: British Journal for Military History
Year: 2023

description: Beginning with George Tomkyns Chesney’s The Battle of Dorking, invasion novels became a regular feature of late Victorian and Edwardian popular fiction. The article takes a closer look at the depiction of war in these texts from a military history point of view; it argues that they were not so far from reality as to render them useless to the military historian. Rather, they can be used to provide insights into how the authors and their audience thought about the great war that many expected to come within their lifetime.
description: British Journal for Military History, Vol. 9 No. 3 (2023)
Experimental Analysis and Mechanistic Modeling of Wellbore Strengthening
Creators: name: Mostafavi Toroqi, Seyyed Vahidreza
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Engineering--Petroleum
subject: Wellbore Strengthening
subject: Circulation Loss
subject: Drilling Fluid
subject: Resilience Modulus
subject: Strengthening model

description: Wellbore strengthening refers to the science and technology of increasing the pressure level at which circulation loss to the formation occurs. Although a fairly wide range of technologies have been proposed and tested, the application of engineered drilling fluids has proven to be the most promising approach. Circulation loss, which is one of the most troublesome issues occurring in drilling operations, is experienced at varying levels of severity. It is most expected in highly permeable formations, fractures and caverns. Lost circulation may have several consequences including fluid inflow, wellbore collapse, formation damage, non-productive rig time and environmental contamination. In order to mitigate the risks of circulation loss, a broad range of treatments and preventive methods have been practiced such as application of Lost Circulation Materials (LCM), cement plugs, squeeze gunk, gels and technologies like aerated drilling and stress caging. It has been observed that lost circulation occurs at varying pressure levels dependent on drilling fluid properties. This observation builds the foundation for drilling fluid based wellbore strengthening. Wellbore strengthening has been described previously but a general model to take into account the effects of fluid properties and its constituents does not exist. In addition, the governing mechanisms of this process are not well understood and explained in the literature. In this study a comprehensive literature survey and an extensive experimental analysis was completed to determine the mechanism of and contributing factors to wellbore strengthening. Next, a mechanistic model was developed and verified to predict the formation resistance prior to allowing drilling fluid loss. A field case of wellbore strengthening was also studied where the developed model exhibited a very good agreement. Results from this research are mostly directed towards circulation loss prevention via tensile fractures. However, they might be applicable for pore scale seepage loss through gravels and natural fractures. In the first chapter, an introduction to the circulation loss issue and its consequences is presented. Chapter two is dedicated to a brief review on wellbore stability analysis and a thorough survey on wellbore strengthening. In chapter three, the experimental part of this research is explained and its results are discussed. In chapter four, the experimental results are applied to build a mechanistic model. The model is analyzed and verified using a field case of wellbore strengthening. Conclusions of this research and some recommendation for future studies are presented in Chapter five.
The fight for accretion: discovery of intermittent mass transfer in BB Doradus in the low state
Creators: name: Rodríguez-Gil, P.
name: Schmidtobreick, L.
name: Long, K. S.
name: Gänsicke, B. T.
name: Torres, M. A. P.
name: Rubio-Díez, M. M.
name: Santander-García, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our long-term photometric monitoring of southern nova-like cataclysmic variables with the 1.3-m SMARTS telescope found BB Doradus fading from V ~ 14.3 towards a deep low state at V ~ 19.3 in April 2008. Here we present time-resolved optical spectroscopy of BB Dor in this faint state in 2009. The optical spectrum in quiescence is a composite of a hot white dwarf with Teff = 30000 +- 5000 K and a M3-4 secondary star with narrow emission lines (mainly of the Balmer series and HeI) superposed. We associate these narrow profiles with an origin on the donor star. Analysis of the radial velocity curve of the H-alpha emission from the donor star allowed the measurement of an orbital period of 0.154095 +- 0.000003 d (3.69828 +- 0.00007 h), different from all previous estimates. We detected episodic accretion events which veiled the spectra of both stars and radically changed the line profiles within a timescale of tens of minutes. This shows that accretion is not completely quenched in the low state. During these accretion episodes the line wings are stronger and their radial velocity curve is delayed by ~ 0.2 cycle, similar to that observed in SW Sex and AM Her stars in the high state, with respect to the motion of the white dwarf. Two scenarios are proposed to explain the extra emission: impact of the material on the outer edge of a cold, remnant accretion disc, or the combined action of a moderately magnetic white dwarf (B1
description: 10 pages, 10 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Buckling of Carbon Nanotubes: A State of the Art Review
Creators: name: Shima, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nonlinear mechanical response of carbon nanotubes, referred to as their "buckling" behavior, is a major topic in the nanotube research community. Buckling means a deformation process in which a large strain beyond a threshold causes an abrupt change in the strain energy vs. deformation profile. Thus far, much effort has been devoted to analysis of the buckling of nanotubes under various loading conditions: compression, bending, torsion, and their certain combinations. Such extensive studies have been motivated by (i) the structural resilience of nanotubes against buckling and (ii) the substantial influence of buckling on their physical properties. In this contribution, I review the dramatic progress in nanotube buckling research during the past few years.
description: 38 pages, 21 figures
On Their Way Home: The Role of Aachen in the Exchange and Repatriation of British and German Prisoners of War during the First World War
Creators: name: Strang, Bennet
Publisher: name: British Journal for Military History
Year: 2023

description: This paper analyses the role that Aachen, the western most German city located close to the Netherlands, played during the exchange and repatriation of British and German military prisoners of war from 1914 to 1918. It is argued that Aachen served as an important staging post. British prisoners were assembled in the city, medically examined, and, depending on the examination result, allowed to leave Germany across the border to the neutral Netherlands. The analysis contributes to the historiography by illuminating the neglected role that Aachen played during the exchange and repatriation process.
description: British Journal for Military History, Vol. 9 No. 3 (2023)
Hybrid stars in the light of the massive pulsar PSR J1614-2230
Creators: name: Lenzi, C. H.
name: Lugones, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a systematic study of hybrid star configurations using several parametrizations of a relativistic mean-field hadronic EoS and the NJL model for three-flavor quark matter. For the hadronic phase we use the stiff GM1 and TM1 parametrizations, as well as the very stiff NL3 model. In the NJL Lagrangian we include scalar, vector and 't Hooft interactions. The vector coupling constant $g_v$ is treated as a free parameter. We also consider that there is a split between the deconfinement and the chiral phase transitions which is controlled by changing the conventional value of the vacuum pressure $- Ω_0$ in the NJL thermodynamic potential by $- (Ω_0 + δΩ_0)$, being $δΩ_0$ a free parameter. We find that, as we increase the value of $δΩ_0$, hybrid stars have a larger maximum mass but are less stable, i.e. hybrid configurations are stable within a smaller range of central densities. For large enough $δΩ_0$, stable hybrid configurations are not possible at all. The effect of increasing the coupling constant $g_v$ is very similar. We show that stable hybrid configurations with a maximum mass larger than the observed mass of the pulsar PSR J1614-2230 are possible for a large region of the parameter space of $g_v$ and $δΩ_0$ provided the hadronic equation of state contains nucleons only. When the baryon octet is included in the hadronic phase, only a very small region of the parameter space allows to explain the mass of PSR J1614-2230. We compare our results with previous calculations of hybrid stars within the NJL model. We show that it is possible to obtain stable hybrid configurations also in the case $δΩ_0=0$ that corresponds to the conventional NJL model for which the pressure and density vanish at zero temperature and chemical potential.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures; typos in Table 1 have been corrected
Roots and Pathways to Secure and Transformational Leadership
Creators: name: Owens, Mary-Ann
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Business Administration--Management
subject: Attachment Theory
subject: Self Determination Theory
subject: Leadership Development
subject: Transformational Leadership
subject: Positive Leadership
subject: Ego-resilience
subject: Postive Self-schema

description: This hermeneutic phenomenological and narrative research study obtained information about the participants’ early family environment indicating secure or insecure beginnings and tracked developmental pathways toward secure and transformational leadership behaviour. The 12 participants shared their views on diverse leadership topics and their life history in two interviews. The participants aged 50-67 fulfilled the selection criteria of having secure-attachment and transformational leadership styles, based on their completion of the Adult Attachment Scale and the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire. The findings indicated that the support of others is important to the development of secure leadership behaviour. However, demonstrated belief in these individuals and support for their autonomous behaviour enhanced the development of participants’ ego-strength to carry out leadership requirements. Components of self-determination theory, such as responsiveness, belief in others, and support for autonomous behaviour, were shown to affect individuals’ ability to be transformational leaders. These three types of behaviour, when internalized, are interconnected and reinforce each other resulting in positive spirals of development. The findings of the study include pathways to self-confidence, autonomy, and gaining support from others, as well as developmental pathways to overcome anxious and avoidant-insecure attachment. Becoming secure and therefore positive is critical and a pervasive need for leaders and the organizations they work in. Being constructive and focusing on the positive in others supports the potential in others and enhances productivity. Having a secure-attachment style correlates with individuals’ ability to be self-determining and seek the support of others. Additionally, pathways to four components of transformational leadership: internally-directed, other-focused, externally-open, and purpose-centered behaviour, are included in the findings. Recommendations for the creation of an assessment tool for use in professional settings, as well as important implications for enhancing the security and number of transformational leaders, are key outcomes of this study.
Breakdown of smoothness for the Muskat problem
Creators: name: Castro, Angel
name: Cordoba, Diego
name: Fefferman, Charles
name: Gancedo, Francisco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we show that there exist analytic initial data in the stable regime for the Muskat problem such that the solution turns to the unstable regime and later breaks down i.e. no longer belongs to $C^4$.
description: 93 pages, 10 figures (6 added)
Elasticity of Anisotropic Bodies at Structural Phase Transitions
Creators: name: Hempel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Elasticity, Ferroelastics, Hysteresis Loop, Bending, Twisting, Spontaneous Strain, Domain Switching, Aizu Species

description: Starting with the basics of anisotropic elasticity, dedicated focus is put on bending and twisting of crystal bars. For ferroelastic crystals considerations are presented to calculate and measure specific elastic coefficients and spontaneous strains (hysteresis loops). Domain switching under applied stress is discussed for Aizu's species 4mmFmm2, 6/mmmFmmm, and 222F2.
BEDLAM: A Synthetic Dataset of Bodies Exhibiting Detailed Lifelike Animated Motion
Creators: name: Black, Michael J.
name: Patel, Priyanka
name: Tesch, Joachim
name: Yang, Jinlong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We show, for the first time, that neural networks trained only on synthetic data achieve state-of-the-art accuracy on the problem of 3D human pose and shape (HPS) estimation from real images. Previous synthetic datasets have been small, unrealistic, or lacked realistic clothing. Achieving sufficient realism is non-trivial and we show how to do this for full bodies in motion. Specifically, our BEDLAM dataset contains monocular RGB videos with ground-truth 3D bodies in SMPL-X format. It includes a diversity of body shapes, motions, skin tones, hair, and clothing. The clothing is realistically simulated on the moving bodies using commercial clothing physics simulation. We render varying numbers of people in realistic scenes with varied lighting and camera motions. We then train various HPS regressors using BEDLAM and achieve state-of-the-art accuracy on real-image benchmarks despite training with synthetic data. We use BEDLAM to gain insights into what model design choices are important for accuracy. With good synthetic training data, we find that a basic method like HMR approaches the accuracy of the current SOTA method (CLIFF). BEDLAM is useful for a variety of tasks and all images, ground truth bodies, 3D clothing, support code, and more are available for research purposes. Additionally, we provide detailed information about our synthetic data generation pipeline, enabling others to generate their own datasets. See the project page: https://bedlam.is.tue.mpg.de/.
The War of the Efficiencies: Understanding the Tension between Carbon and Energy Optimization
Creators: name: Hanafy, Walid A.
name: Bostandoost, Roozbeh
name: Bashir, Noman
name: Irwin, David
name: Hajiesmaili, Mohammad
name: Shenoy, Prashant
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Major innovations in computing have been driven by scaling up computing infrastructure, while aggressively optimizing operating costs. The result is a network of worldwide datacenters that consume a large amount of energy, mostly in an energy-efficient manner. Since the electric grid powering these datacenters provided a simple and opaque abstraction of an unlimited and reliable power supply, the computing industry remained largely oblivious to the carbon intensity of the electricity it uses. Much like the rest of the society, it generally treated the carbon intensity of the electricity as constant, which was mostly true for a fossil fuel-driven grid. As a result, the cost-driven objective of increasing energy-efficiency -- by doing more work per unit of energy -- has generally been viewed as the most carbon-efficient approach. However, as the electric grid is increasingly powered by clean energy and is exposing its time-varying carbon intensity, the most energy-efficient operation is no longer necessarily the most carbon-efficient operation. There has been a recent focus on exploiting the flexibility of computing's workloads -- along temporal, spatial, and resource dimensions -- to reduce carbon emissions, which comes at the cost of either performance or energy efficiency. In this paper, we discuss the trade-offs between energy efficiency and carbon efficiency in exploiting computing's flexibility and show that blindly optimizing for energy efficiency is not always the right approach.
description: 2nd Workshop on Sustainable Computer Systems (HotCarbon'23)
The effects of spatial learning on adult neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus
Creators: name: Epp, Jonathan Richard
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: In the hippocampus, unlike most areas of the mammalian brain, new neurons are continuously produced throughout life. Studies have demonstrated that spatial learning, a process dependent on the hippocampus, regulates neurogenesis (i.e. the survival of new neurons) in the hippocampus. Studies have found that spatial learning either causes an increase, no change, or a decrease in neurogenesis. It was the goal of this thesis to determine under what conditions neurogenesis is increased, decreased or unaffected by spatial learning using the Morris water task. Experiment 1 demonstrated that there was a critical period in the developmental of new neurons in adult rats, at 6-10 days old, during which spatial learning can increase neurogenesis. Experiment 2 showed that spatial learning at a later time point (days 11-15) decreased cell survival but this decrease occurred gradually and as a result may only be seen if several days are waited after training prior to examining levels of neurogenesis. Experiment 3 demonstrated that although neurogenesis may be increased if spatial training occurs when the new neurons are 6-10 days old in adult rats, this effect can be eliminated or reversed by increasing the difficulty of the spatial task. Finally, in Experiment 4 I showed that the effect of spatial learning is affected by the strain of rats used, possibly due to differences in the rate of maturation of new neurons. Sixteen day old bromodeoxyuridine-labeled cells were increased in both Sprague-Dawley and Long-Evans rats following spatial learning but doublecortin-labeling (which labels a broader age of new neurons) is increased only in Sprague-Dawley rats after spatial learning. Thus, numerous methodological factors must be considered when examining the effects of spatial learning on neurogenesis. There are likely more factors (i.e., stress, age, sex, etc.) that interact with spatial learning and neurogenesis than described here however these studies have clarified many prior conflicting studies.
‘Ashantee Loot is Unique’: British Military Culture and the Taking of Objects in the Third Anglo-Asante War, 1873-1874
Creators: name: Watt, Patrick
Publisher: name: British Journal for Military History
Year: 2023

description: There exists a popular perception that all objects collected as a result of British military action in imperial settings can be termed ‘loot’ or ‘plunder’. This article argues otherwise and demonstrates that for British officers serving in the Third Anglo-Asante War (1873-1874) there existed a shared understanding of the legitimate and illegitimate ways objects could be acquired, with specific terms used to describe both practices. Furthermore, it highlights how objects acquired during the war were considered, displayed and interpreted in British institutions, centring the importance of setting in determining the object’s significance and meaning to different groups of people.
description: British Journal for Military History, Vol. 9 No. 3 (2023)
LRS Bianchi type I universes exhibiting Noether symmetry in the scalar-tensor Brans-Dicke theory
Creators: name: Kucukakca, Y.
name: Camci, U.
name: Semiz, İ.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following up on hints of anisotropy in the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB) data, we investigate locally rotational symmetric (LRS) Bianchi type I spacetimes with non-minimally coupled scalar fields. To single out potentially more interesting solutions, we search for Noether symmetry in this system. We then specialize to the Brans-Dicke (BD) field in such a way that the Lagrangian becomes degenerate (nontrivial) and solve the equations for Noether symmetry and the potential that allows it. Then we find the exact solutions of the equations of motion in terms of three parameters and an arbitrary function. We illustrate with families of examples designed to be generalizations of the well-known power-expansion, exponential expansion and Big Rip models in the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) framework. The solutions display surprising variation, a large subset of which features late-time acceleration as is usually ascribed to dark energy (phantom or quintensence), and is consistent with observational data.
description: 25 pages, no figure, to appear in General Relativity and Gravitation
Ground state properties of graphene in Hartree-Fock theory
Creators: name: Hainzl, Christian
name: Lewin, Mathieu
name: Sparber, Christof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Hartree-Fock approximation of graphene in infinite volume, with instantaneous Coulomb interactions. First we construct its translation-invariant ground state and we recover the well-known fact that, due to the exchange term, the effective Fermi velocity is logarithmically divergent at zero momentum. In a second step we prove the existence of a ground state in the presence of local defects and we discuss some properties of the linear response to an external electric field. All our results are non perturbative.
description: 27 pages
‘Wanted Dead or Alive’: The Outlaw in Modern War
Creators: name: Bicknell, David
Publisher: name: British Journal for Military History
Year: 2023

description: This article examines a little noticed prohibition on outlawry contained in some military manuals on the laws of war and asks where it came from. It establishes that it is not contained in a treaty or in customary law but originated in the Lieber Code published in 1863 by the U.S. Government. By following the development of the prohibition and other restrictions on the methods of combat, it identifies an overlap with treaty restrictions on perfidy but also that modern allusions to enemies as outlaws ‘Wanted Dead or Alive’ continue in some concerning ways.
description: British Journal for Military History, Vol. 9 No. 3 (2023)
Smicromyrme (Astomyrme) nikolskajae Lelej 1985
Creators: name: Amini, Alieh
name: Lelej, Arkady S.
name: Sadeghi, Hussein
name: Karimi, Javad
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Mutillidae
Smicromyrme
Smicromyrme nikolskajae

description: Smicromyrme (Astomyrme) nikolskajae Lelej, 1985
Figs 4, 5, 8
 Smicromyrme (Astomyrme) nikolskajae Lelej, 1985: 220, ♂, holotype—♂, Khodzha-obi-garm, north slope of Gissar Range, 15.08.1944, M. Nikol'skaya (Tajikistan) [Zoological Institute, St. Petersburg], examined. Smicromyrme (Astomyrme) nikoskajae (!): Lelej, 2002: 65.
 FIGURES 4–8. 4, 5, 8. Smicromyrme nikolskajae (4, 5–female, 8–male). 6, 7. S. tekensis, female. (4–8, photos by V. Loktionov).
 Material examined. Iran, South Khorasan: 1 ♀, reared from puparium of Carpomya vesuviana collected 14.10.2012 in Razg village (32°53'N, 59°13'E, 1470 m) in the vicinity of Birjand; same locality, 1 ♀, 2 ♂ reared in Aug. 2013 from puparia of C. vesuviana collected in July 2013; 1 ♂ reared from puparium of Carpomya vesuviana collected in Mood (32°42'N, 59°31'E, 1839 m), Sarbishe, 33 km SE Birjand.
 Distribution. Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Iran (new record).
description: Published as part of Amini, Alieh, Lelej, Arkady S., Sadeghi, Hussein & Karimi, Javad, 2014, First record of the velvet ants (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae) reared from puparia of the ber fruit fly Carpomya vesuviana Costa (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Iran, pp. 585-590 in Zootaxa 3861 (6) on pages 586-587, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3861.6.5, http://zenodo.org/record/226584
Applying generalized Padé approximants in analytic QCD models
Creators: name: Cvetič, Gorazd
name: Kögerler, Reinhart
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A method of resummation of truncated perturbation series, related to diagonal Padé approximants but giving results independent of the renormalization scale, was developed more than ten years ago by us with a view of applying it in perturbative QCD. We now apply this method in analytic QCD models, i.e., models where the running coupling has no unphysical singularities, and we show that the method has attractive features such as a rapid convergence. The method can be regarded as a generalization of the scale-setting methods of Stevenson, Grunberg, and Brodsky-Lepage-Mackenzie. The method involves the fixing of various scales and weight coefficients via an auxiliary construction of diagonal Padé approximant. In low-energy QCD observables, some of these scales become sometimes low at high order, which prevents the method from being effective in perturbative QCD where the coupling has unphysical singularities at low spacelike momenta. There are no such problems in analytic QCD.
description: 14 pages; extended presentation of the analytic QCD models in Sec.IV; two references added ([37,38]); version to appear in Phys.Rev.D
FROM TRADITIONAL REPORTING TO DYNAMIC VLOGS: THE CHANGING FACE OF ON-CAMERA JOURNALISM
Creators: name: Xuan, Zhang
Publisher: name: SADI journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: On-camera journalists
News reporting,
Diversification
Communication channels
Journalism evolution

description: The role of on-camera journalists in news reporting has evolved significantly since CCTV's "The News Investigation" program introduced the tandem process of on-camera reporters in 1996. While their identity may have remained consistent, their functions have gradually shifted towards that of hosts or crosstalk performers. This transformation is evident in the diverse forms of reporting employed by on-camera journalists today, ranging from traditional live reporting to live streaming connections and dynamic vlogs. Moreover, their scope of application has expanded beyond traditional TV news to include new communication media such as short videos and webcasts, reflecting the trend of diversified communication channels
Canadian Baccalaureate Nurses Transition to the Local Health Care Environment in Qatar
Creators: name: Clark, Sheila
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Education--Adult and Continuing
subject: Nursing Transition, Professionalism in Nursing, Theory-Practice Gap in Nursing, Adult Education in Nursing,

description: New graduate nurses are faced with numerous challenges when they enter the health care environment after completing their degrees in nursing. This study explored the challenges faced by Canadian degree nurses educated at the Canadian University’s Qatar campus. Four key conceptual areas—professionalism in nursing, transition from student to working nurse, adult education in nursing, and the theory–practice gap in nursing—were deemed to have an impact on the transition experience of graduate nurses into the local health care environment in Qatar. This study employed a mixed-methods approach and was based on Creswell’s (2009) Concurrent Embedded Design, which is characterized by the collection of both qualitative and quantitative data simultaneously. There were two main clusters of participants. The graduates from 2010 and 2011, designated as Cohort One, were all full-time students who had diplomas in nursing prior to entering university. The second group, designated Cohort Two, included the graduates from 2012 and 2013, and was composed of full- and part-time post-diploma nurses returning to work, as well as full-time four-year degree graduates who were entering the workforce for the first time. Findings indicated that the transition period whereby graduate nurses entered the local health care environment was fraught with multiple challenges. Findings suggested not only that the transition from student to working nurse is challenging in general, but also that Qatar’s unique multicultural health care environment specifically led to exceptionally challenging experiences for graduate nurses. Two new models—The Pearls of Wisdom Induction Model, which is specific to Qatar, and The Pearls of Wisdom Expanded Nursing Orientation Model, which is more generic and applicable to health care organizations anywhere in the world—were developed as a direct result of the findings from this study. These two models emerged as a possible means to address the challenges faced by new graduate nurses.
A New Comprehensive 2-D Model of the Point Spread Functions of the XMM-Newton EPIC Telescopes : Spurious Source Suppression and Improved Positional Accuracy
Creators: name: Read, A. M.
name: Rosen, S. R.
name: Saxton, R. D.
name: Ramirez, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe here a new full 2-D parameterization of the PSFs of the three XMM-Newton EPIC telescopes as a function of instrument, energy, off-axis angle and azimuthal angle, covering the whole field-of-view of the three EPIC detectors. It models the general PSF envelopes, the primary and secondary spokes, their radial dependencies, and the large-scale azimuthal variations. This PSF model has been constructed via the stacking and centering of a large number of bright, but not significantly piled-up point sources from the full field-of-view of each EPIC detector, and azimuthally filtering the resultant PSF envelopes to form the spoke structures and the gross azimuthal shapes observed. This PSF model is available for use within the XMM-Newton Science Analysis System via the usage of Current Calibration Files XRTi_XPSF_0011.CCF and later versions. Initial source-searching tests showed substantial reductions in the numbers of spurious sources being detected in the wings of bright point sources. Furthermore, we have uncovered a systematic error in the previous PSF system, affecting the entire mission to date, whereby returned source RA and Dec values are seen to vary sinusoidally about the true position (amplitude ~0.8") with source azimuthal position. The new PSF system is now available and is seen as a major improvement with regard to the detection of spurious sources. The new PSF also largely removes the discovered astrometry error and is seen to improve the positional accuracy of EPIC. The modular nature of the PSF system allows for further refinements in the future.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. 15 pages, 13 figures (some of reduced quality). A full-resolution version is available at http://www.star.le.ac.uk/~amr30/amr_PSFpaper.pdf
Radiative double electron capture by bare nucleus with emission of one photon
Creators: name: Chernovskaya, E. A.
name: Andreev, O. Yu.
name: Labzowsky, L. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Calculation of the cross-section for the process of double electron capture by bare nucleus with emission of a single photon is presented. The double electron capture is evaluated within the framework of Quantum Electrodynamics (QED). Line-Profile Approach (LPA) is employed. Since the radiative double electron capture is governed by the electron correlation, corrections to the interelectron interaction were calculated with high accuracy, partly to all orders of the perturbation theory.
Ecology and Transmission Dynamics of Ostertagia gruehneri in Barrenground Caribou
Creators: name: Hoar, Bryanne
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Parasitology
subject: Veterinary Science
subject: Ostertagia gruehneri
subject: Rangifer tarandus
subject: barrenground caribou
subject: climate change
subject: parasite transmission
subject: disease ecology

description: Climate change in the Arctic is occurring at an accelerated rate and is predicted to alter the ecology of northern ecosystems, including parasite transmission. Barrenground caribou are a keystone species of the tundra and the majority of herds have recently undergone population declines. Ostertagia gruehneri, the most common gastrointestinal parasite of Rangifer tarandus, has been shown to impact the population dynamics of reindeer through decreased food intake, weight loss, and reduced pregnancy rates. Ostertagia gruehneri has a direct life cycle that includes free-living stages. The development and survival rates of this parasite are influenced by climatic factors and its transmission will be affected by climate change. The aim of this research was to investigate how climate change may impact transmission dynamics of O. gruehneri in barrenground caribou. This aim was achieved by developing a more detailed understanding of the life cycle of O. gruehneri and the current transmission patterns within this system. It was expected that the development rate of O. gruehneri would increase and survival rate would decrease with increasing temperatures. Field and laboratory studies, experimental infections of reindeer, and a survey of natural infections in the Bathurst caribou herd were used to study the ecology of O. gruehneri. Results indicate O. gruehneri infective larvae (L3) are available to infect barrenground caribou throughout the first summer, but the migratory behavior of the caribou likely limits exposure risk until the fall. High overwinter survival for both L2 and L3 and nearly 100% larval inhibition may be adaptations to a short growing season and a migratory host, adding important time lags into the system and resulting in a two year transmission pattern. Climate change may increase overall L3 availability by extending the growing season, but increased maximum temperatures are likely to decrease availability midsummer, dividing transmission into spring and fall peaks. Increased development rate and an extended growing season may shift transmission from a two to a one year cycle. This research has highlighted the importance of the short growing season and the migratory host within this system, and the need to simultaneously consider the host, parasite, and environment when determining transmission dynamics.
Coexistence of multiple silicene phases in silicon grown on Ag(111)
Creators: name: Moras, Paolo
name: Menteş, Tevfik Onur
name: Sheverdyaeva, Polina M.
name: Locatelli, Andrea
name: Carbone, Carlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Silicene, the silicon equivalent of graphene, is attracting increasing scientific and technological attention in view of the exploitation of its exotic electronic properties. This novel material has been theoretically predicted to exist as a free-standing layer in a low-buckled, stable form, and can be synthesized by the deposition of Si on appropriate crystalline substrates. By employing low-energy electron diffraction and microscopy, we have studied the growth of Si on Ag(111) and observed a rich variety of rotationally non-equivalent silicene structures. Our results highlight a very complex formation diagram, reflecting the coexistence of different and nearly degenerate silicene phases, whose relative abundance can be controlled by varying the Si coverage and growth temperature. At variance with other studies, we find that the formation of single-phase silicene monolayers cannot be achieved on Ag(111).