cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
An Assessment of the Efficacy of an Experiential Component within a Classroom-based Middle School Environmental Education Curriculum
Creators: name: Beecroft, Rebecca A.
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2007

description: In this study the author sought to examine the effectiveness of experiential environmental education in a sixth grade classroom. Classroom instruction was provided to a control group and an experiential component was added to classroom instruction for an experimental group. A test of the author's design was used as a pretest and post test. The post test was given twice: At the conclusion of instruction and at 6 months. Using a Paired Student's t test, differences were determined between the test scores for both groups. Only the experimental group had a statistically significant score increase between the pretest and first post test. However, at the six month post test the increase disappeared. Further studies are needed to determine the long-term effectiveness of discrete instructional units of environmental education and efforts should be made to incorporate environmental education across the K-12 curriculum in order to promote the development of responsible environmental behaviors.
Superfluid density in the slave-boson theory
Creators: name: Zhong, Yin
name: Lu, Han-Tao
name: Luo, Hong-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite of the success of the slave-boson theory in capturing qualitative physics of high-temperature superconductors like cuprates, it fails to reproduce the correct temperature-dependent behavior of superfluid density, let alone the independence of the linear temperature term on doping in the underdoped regimes of hole-doped cuprate, a common experimental observation in different cuprates. It remains puzzling up to now in spite of intensive theoretical efforts. For electron-doped case, even qualitative treatment is not reported at present time. Here we revisit these problems and provide an alternative superfluid density formulation by using the London relation instead of employing the paramagnetic current-current correlation function. The obtained formula, on the one hand, provides the correct temperature-dependent behavior of the superfluid density in the whole temperature regime, on the other hand, makes the doping dependence of the linear temperature term substantially weaken and a possible interpretation for its independence on doping is proposed. As an application, electron-doped cuprate is studied, whose result qualitatively agrees with existing experiments and successfully explains the origin of $d$- to anisotropic $s$-wave transition across the optimal doping. Our result remedies some failures of the slave-boson theory as employed to calculate superfluid density in cuprates and may be useful in the understanding of the related physics in other strongly correlated systems, e.g. Na$_{x}$CoO$_{2}$$\cdot$yH$_{2}$O and certain iron-based superconductors with dominating local magnetic exchange interaction.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Surprises in a classic boundary-layer problem
Creators: name: Clark, William A.
name: Gomes, Mario W.
name: Rodriguez-Gonzalez, Arnaldo
name: Stein, Leo C.
name: Strogatz, Steven H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34B16, 34E05, 34E15, 37M20, 65L11

description: We revisit a textbook example of a singularly perturbed nonlinear boundary-value problem. Unexpectedly, it shows a wealth of phenomena that seem to have been overlooked previously, including a pitchfork bifurcation in the number of solutions as one varies the small parameter, and transcendentally small terms in the initial conditions that can be calculated by elementary means. Based on our own classroom experience, we believe this problem could provide an enjoyable workout for students in courses on perturbation methods, applied dynamical systems, or numerical analysis.
description: 23+2 pages, 8 figures. Supplementary material available at https://github.com/duetosymmetry/surprises-in-a-classic-BVP . Version 2: Added 12 references and additional discussion. Comments welcome
Quench dynamics and ground state fidelity of the one-dimensional extended quantum compass model in a transverse field
Creators: name: Jafari, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the ground state fidelity, fidelity susceptibility and quench dynamics of the extended quantum compass model in a transverse field. This model reveals a rich phase diagram which includes several critical surfaces depending on exchange couplings. We present a characterization of quantum phase transitions in terms of the ground state fidelity between two ground states obtained for two different values of external parameters. However, we derive scaling relations describing the singular behavior of fidelity susceptibility in the quantum critical surfaces. Moreover, we study the time evolution of the system after a critical quantum quench using the Loschmidt. We find that the revival times of Loschmidt echo are given by $T_{rev}=N/2v_{max}$, where $N$ is the size of the system and $v_{max}$ is the maximum of lower bound group velocity of quasi-particles. Although the fidelity susceptibility shows the same exponent in all critical surfaces, the structure of the revivals after critical quantum quenches displays two different regimes reflecting different equilibration dynamics.
description: 14 pages, 29 figures
Eigenvalue Problems in $\mathrm{L}^\infty$: Optimality Conditions, Duality, and Relations with Optimal Transport
Creators: name: Bungert, Leon
name: Korolev, Yury
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 26A16, 35P30, 46N10, 47J10, 49R05

description: In this article we characterize the $\mathrm{L}^\infty$ eigenvalue problem associated to the Rayleigh quotient $\left.{\|\nabla u\|_{\mathrm{L}^\infty}}\middle/{\|u\|_\infty}\right.$ and relate it to a divergence-form PDE, similarly to what is known for $\mathrm{L}^p$ eigenvalue problems and the $p$-Laplacian for $p<\infty$. Contrary to existing methods, which study $\mathrm{L}^\infty$-problems as limits of $\mathrm{L}^p$-problems for $p\to\infty$, we develop a novel framework for analyzing the limiting problem directly using convex analysis and geometric measure theory. For this, we derive a novel fine characterization of the subdifferential of the Lipschitz-constant-functional $u\mapsto\|\nabla u\|_{\mathrm{L}^\infty}$. We show that the eigenvalue problem takes the form $λνu =-\operatorname{div}(τ\nabla_τu)$, where $ν$ and $τ$ are non-negative measures concentrated where $|u|$ respectively $|\nabla u|$ are maximal, and $\nabla_τu$ is the tangential gradient of $u$ with respect to $τ$. Lastly, we investigate a dual Rayleigh quotient whose minimizers solve an optimal transport problem associated to a generalized Kantorovich--Rubinstein norm. Our results apply to all stationary points of the Rayleigh quotient, including infinity ground states, infinity harmonic potentials, distance functions, etc., and generalize known results in the literature.
description: Final version as published in Communications of the AMS
Computing a Sparse Projection into a Box
Creators: name: Orban, Dominique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: G.1.6; G.4
subject: 65K05, 90-04, 90-08, 90C30

description: We describe a procedure to compute a projection of $w \in \mathbb{R}^n$ into the intersection of the so-called \emph{zero-norm} ball $k \mathbb{B}_0$ of radius $k$, i.e., the set of $k$-sparse vectors, with a box centered at a point of $k \mathbb{B}_0$. The need for such projection arises in the context of certain trust-region methods for nonsmooth regularized optimization. Although the set into which we wish to project is nonconvex, we show that a solution may be found in $O(n \log(n))$ operations. We describe our Julia implementation and illustrate our procedure in the context of two trust-region methods for nonsmooth regularized optimization.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
The development of a short measure of physical function for knee OA KOOS-Physical Function Shortform (KOOS-PS) – an OARSI/OMERACT initiative
Creators: name: Dougados, M.
name: Stefan Lohmander, L.
name: Canizares, M.
name: Jordan, J.M.
name: Roos, E.M.
name: Tennant, A.
name: Maillefert, J.-F.
name: Hawker, G.A.
name: Perruccio, A.V.
name: Davis, A.M.
name: Conaghan, P.G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: OBJECTIVE: To develop a short measure of physical function for knee osteoarthritis (OA) using multi-national data from individuals with varying degrees of severity of knee OA. METHODS: Rasch analysis, based on the partial credit model, was conducted on Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score and Western Ontario McMaster Universities' Osteoarthritis Index data from individuals with knee OA, ranging from community to pre-total knee replacement samples from five countries. Fit of the data to the Rasch model was evaluated by overall model fit and item-level fit statistics (chi(2), size of residual, F-test). Invariance across age, gender and country was evaluated. Unidimensionality was evaluated by factor analysis of residuals. The derived short measure was further tested for fit through re-analyses in individual sub-samples. A nomogram converting raw summed scores to Rasch-derived interval scores was developed. RESULTS: Thirteen data sets were included (n=2145), with an age range of 26-95 years, and a male/female ratio of 1:1.4. The final model included seven of the original 22 items. From easiest to most difficult, the items (logit) were as follows: rising from bed (1.366), putting on socks/stockings (1.109), rising from sitting (0.537), bending to the floor (0.433), twisting/pivoting on injured knee (-0.861), kneeling (-1.292) and squatting (-1.292). Sub-sample analyses confirmed findings. CONCLUSION: Based on the use of accepted Rasch-based measurement methods and the compliment of countries, languages and OA severity represented in this study, our seven item short measure of physical function for knee OA is likely generalizable and widely applicable. This measure has potential for use as the function component in an OA severity scoring system.
Cosmological inflation in $F(R,\mathcal{G})$ gravity
Creators: name: De Laurentis, Mariafelicia
name: Paolella, Mariacristina
name: Capozziello, Salvatore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmological inflation is discussed in the framework of $F(R,{\cal G})$ gravity where $F$ is a generic function of the curvature scalar $R$ and the Gauss-Bonnet topological invariant $\cal G$. The main feature that emerges in this analysis is the fact that this kind of theory can exhaust all the curvature budget related to curvature invariants without considering derivatives of $R,$ $R_{μν}$, $R^λ_{σμν}$ etc. in the action. Cosmological dynamics results driven by two effective masses (lenghts) related to the $R$ scalaron and the $\cal G$ scalaron working respectively at early and very early epochs of cosmic evolution. In this sense, a double inflationary scenario naturally emerges.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev. D
(100267) Arthur Perkins James
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Bridging Disciplines: Finding a Common Language in Law and Literature
Creators: name: Alina J., Wolski
Publisher: name: Italian Society for Law and Literature (ISLL)
Year: 2024

description: This paper highlights the importance of a methodological approach in “law and litera-ture” research, noting that many analyses, especially those by students and young scholars, lack an introduction to their methodology. It emphasizes the need for a common language between legal and literary scholars to bridge their interdisciplinary gap. The paper provides a concise guideline on how to approach “law in literature” topics from a methodological perspective, stressing the importance of literary theory and context-specific interpretation. It suggests practical steps to define legal terms and clarify legal contexts, ensuring comprehensibility for both disciplines. The goal is to enhance mutual understanding and improve the quality of interdisciplinary analyses.
Causality, Uncertainty Principle, and Quantum Spacetime Manifold in Planck Scale
Creators: name: Simchi, Hamidreza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In causal set theory, there are three ambiguous concepts that this article tries to provide a solution to resolve these ambiguities. These three ambiguities in Planck's scale are: the causal relationship between events, the position of the uncertainty principle, and the kinematic. Assuming the interaction between events, a new definition of the causal relationship is presented. Using the principle of superposition, more than one world line are attributed to two events that are interacting with each other to cover the uncertainty principle. Using these achievements, it is shown that kinematics has no place in the Planck dimension and that quantum spacetime manifold should be used instead.
description: 8 pages and 3 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:gr-qc/9504004 by other authors
Dynamics of a rank-one perturbation of a Hermitian matrix
Creators: name: Dubach, Guillaume
name: Erdős, László
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60B20, 15B52, 47B93

description: We study the eigenvalue trajectories of a time dependent matrix $ G_t = H+i t vv^*$ for $t \geq 0$, where $H$ is an $N \times N$ Hermitian random matrix and $v$ is a unit vector. In particular, we establish that with high probability, an outlier can be distinguished at all times $t>1+N^{-1/3+ε}$, for any $ε>0$. The study of this natural process combines elements of Hermitian and non-Hermitian analysis, and illustrates some aspects of the intrinsic instability of (even weakly) non-Hermitian matrices.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures
Use of A Protein Synthesis Inhibition Assay to Demonstrate the Effect of T-2 Toxin on Lymphoid Subpopulations in vitro
Creators: name: Beheler, Joanne
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 1988

description: The trichothecene mycotoxin T-2 has been shown to damage and impair the components of the mammalian immune system. It appears to act at the ribosomal level, inhibiting the initiation of protein synthesis. Thymus­ derived lymphocytes (T-cells) have been shown in vivo and in vitro to be particularly sensitive to T-2 toxin. It has been hypothesized that certain subpopulations of T­ cells may be more sensitive than others. In this thesis, T-cell subpopulations were separated using monoclonal antibodies and complement, the cells were stimulated with the mitogen Conconavalin A and tested using a protein synthesis inhibition (PSI) assay. Antibodies to cell markers L3T4 and LYT2 were used to define T-suppressor and T-helper subpopulations respectively. T-2 toxin was titrated against total T lymphocytes and the concentration 10 ngs per ml was chosen to use in PSI assays of T-helper and T-suppressor cells. Results indicate that T-suppressor cells were significantly (p=.05) more sensitive to T-2 toxin in vitro than T-helper cells.
A Web-Scale Analysis of the Community Origins of Image Memes
Creators: name: Morina, Durim
name: Bernstein, Michael S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Where do the most popular online cultural artifacts such as image memes originate? Media narratives suggest that cultural innovations often originate in peripheral communities and then diffuse to the mainstream core; behavioral science suggests that intermediate network positions that bridge between the periphery and the core are especially likely to originate many influential cultural innovations. Research has yet to fully adjudicate between these predictions because prior work focuses on individual platforms such as Twitter; however, any single platform is only a small, incomplete part of the larger online cultural ecosystem. In this paper, we perform the first analysis of the origins and diffusion of image memes at web scale, via a one-month crawl of all indexible online communities that principally share meme images with English text overlays. Our results suggest that communities at the core of the network originate the most highly diffused image memes: the top 10% of communities by network centrality originate the memes that generate 62% of the image meme diffusion events on the web. A zero-inflated negative binomial regression confirms that memes from core communities are more likely to diffuse than those from peripheral communities even when controlling for community size and activity level. However, a replication analysis that follows the traditional approach of testing the same question only within a single large community, Reddit, finds the regression coefficients reversed -- underscoring the importance of engaging in web-scale, cross-community analyses. The ecosystem-level viewpoint of this work positions the web as a highly centralized generator of cultural artifacts such as image memes.
description: CSCW 2022
(100261) Frank James
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Observation of two distinct $d_{xz}/d_{yz}$ band splittings in FeSe
Creators: name: Zhang, P.
name: Qian, T.
name: Richard, P.
name: Wang, X. P.
name: Miao, H.
name: Lv, B. Q.
name: Fu, B. B.
name: Wolf, T.
name: Meingast, C.
name: Wu, X. X.
name: Wang, Z. Q.
name: Hu, J. P.
name: Ding, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the temperature evolution of the detailed electronic band structure in FeSe single-crystals measured by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES), including the degeneracy removal of the $d_{xz}$ and $d_{yz}$ orbitals at the $Γ$/Z and M points, and the orbital-selective hybridization between the $d_{xy}$ and $d_{xz/yz}$ orbitals. The temperature dependences of the splittings at the $Γ$/Z and M points are different, indicating that they are controlled by different order parameters. The splitting at the M point is closely related to the structural transition and is attributed to orbital ordering defined on Fe-Fe bonds with a $d$-wave form in the reciprocal space that breaks the rotational symmetry. In contrast, the band splitting at the $Γ$ points remains at temperature far above the structural transition. Although the origin of this latter splitting remains unclear, our experimental results exclude the previously proposed ferro-orbital ordering scenario.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. New title. Abstract and introduction modified
THE EFFECTS OF VARYING WATER QUALITY PARAMETERS ON THE TOXICITY OF COPPER TO DAPHNIA PULEX
Creators: name: Bell, Donald P.
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 1987

description: Neonate Daphnia pulex were exposed to a range of copper concentrations under a variety of combinations of water quality parameters. Hardness, alkalinity, pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, suspended solids, and humic acids were adjusted to a high or low level and the effects on copper toxicity were measured. Immobilization EC5Os ranged over 2 orders of magnitude. Main factor effects and two factor interactions were examined by fractional factorial analysis. The most influential factor, the presence of humic acid, overshadowed the effects of other factors.
A decision-theoretic control synthesis model for distributed systems
Creators: name: Amini, Ardavan
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2007

description: This dissertation presents a distributed control model built on a decision-theoretic framework, where intelligent beings (i.e., agents with their own controllers) are capable of utilizing their resources and functions to perform tasks in a dynamically and probabilistically changing environment. The intellectual merit of this work is to model the decision making process of agents in consideration of the non-determinism caused by: (i) probabilistic agent's behavior, i.e., probabilistic outcomes for agent's actions due tofailures, faults or other natural reasons; (ii) partially unknown and probabilistic environment, due to distributed nature of the system, lack of means for full observation within an agent or within the environment, lack of full knowledge about other agents' behaviors, and due to failures and faults occurring within the environment. The main novelty of this work comes from the way the decision making process of each agent, while modulated and distributed, constantly takes the benefit of what it learns from its environment and from itself. The decision making process of each agent includes synthesizing task plans, and executing these plans.
A radio-map of the colliding winds in the very massive binary system HD 93129A
Creators: name: Benaglia, Paula
name: Marcote, Benito
name: Moldon, Javier
name: Nelan, Ed
name: De Becker, Michael
name: Dougherty, Sean M.
name: Koribalski, Baerbel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radio observations are an effective tool to discover particle acceleration regions in colliding-wind binaries, through detection of synchrotron radiation; these regions are natural laboratories for the study of relativistic particles. Wind-collision region (WCR) models can reproduce the radio continuum spectra of massive binaries that contain both thermal and non-thermal radio emission; however, key constraints for models come from high-resolution imaging. Only five WCRs have been resolved to date at radio frequencies at milliarcsec (mas) angular scales. The source HD 93129A, prototype of the very few known O2 I stars, is a promising target for study: recently, a second massive, early-type star about 50 mas away was discovered, and a non-thermal radio source detected in the region. Preliminary long-baseline array data suggest that a significant fraction of the radio emission from the system comes from a putative WCR. We sought evidence that HD 93129A is a massive binary system with colliding stellar winds that produce non-thermal radiation, through spatially resolved images of the radio emitting regions. We completed observations with the Australian Long Baseline Array (LBA) to resolve the system at mas angular resolutions and reduced archival Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) data to derive the total radio emission. We also compiled optical astrometric data of the system in a homogeneous way. We reduced historical Hubble Space Telescope data and obtained absolute and relative astrometry with milliarcsec accuracy. The astrometric analysis leads us to conclude that the two stars in HD 93129A form a gravitationally bound system. The LBA data reveal an extended arc-shaped non-thermal source between the two stars, indicative of a WCR. The wind momentum-rate ratio of the two stellar winds is estimated. The ATCA data show a point source with a change in flux level ...
description: Accepted in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Reference-frame-independent design of phase-matching quantum key distribution
Creators: name: Jin, Anran
name: Zeng, Pei
name: Penty, Richard V.
name: Ma, Xiongfeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recently proposed phase-matching quantum key distribution offers means to overcome the linear key rate-transmittance bound. Since the key information is encoded onto the phases of coherent states, the misalignment between the two remote reference frames would yield errors and significantly degrade the key generation rate from the ideal case. In this work, we propose a reference-frame-independent design of phase-matching quantum key distribution by introducing high-dimensional key encoding space. With encoded phases spanning the unit circle, the error statistics at arbitrary fixed phase reference difference can be recovered and treated separately, from which the misalignment angle can be identified. By naturally extending the binary encoding symmetry and complementarity to high dimensions, we present a security proof of this high-dimensional phase-matching quantum key distribution and demonstrate with simulation that a 17-dimensional protocol is completely immune to any degree of fixed misalignment and robust to slow phase fluctuations. We expect the high-dimensional protocol to be a practical reference-frame-independent design for general phase-encoding schemes where high-dimensional encoding is relatively easy to implement.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures
Attonewton force detection using microspheres in a dual-beam optical trap in high vacuum
Creators: name: Ranjit, Gambhir
name: Atherton, David P.
name: Stutz, Jordan H.
name: Cunningham, Mark
name: Geraci, Andrew A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the implementation of laser-cooled silica microspheres as force sensors in a dual-beam optical dipole trap in high vacuum. Using this system we have demonstrated trap lifetimes exceeding several days, attonewton force detection capability, and wide tunability in trapping and cooling parameters. Measurements have been performed with charged and neutral beads to calibrate the sensitivity of the detector. This work establishes the suitability of dual beam optical dipole traps for precision force measurement in high vacuum with long averaging times, and enables future applications including the study of gravitational inverse square law violations at short range, Casimir forces, acceleration sensing, and quantum opto-mechanics.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, references added, minor changes, fig 4 replaced
Development of a population-based microsimulation model of osteoarthritis in Canada
Creators: name: Rahman, Md
name: Bansback, N.J.
name: Kopec, J.A.
name: Flanagan, W.M.
name: Garbuz, D.S.
name: Greidanus, N.V.
name: Kang, W.
name: Sayre, E.C.
name: Badley, E.M.
name: Cibere, J.
name: Hawker, G.A.
name: Jordan, J.M.
name: Aghajanian, J.
name: Fines, P.
name: Sobolev, B.
name: Anis, A.H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the study was to develop a population-based simulation model of osteoarthritis (OA) in Canada that can be used to quantify the future health and economic burden of OA under a range of scenarios for changes in the OA risk factors and treatments. In this article we describe the overall structure of the model, sources of data, derivation of key input parameters for the epidemiological component of the model, and preliminary validation studies. DESIGN: We used the Population Health Model (POHEM) platform to develop a stochastic continuous-time microsimulation model of physician-diagnosed OA. Incidence rates were calibrated to agree with administrative data for the province of British Columbia, Canada. The effect of obesity on OA incidence and the impact of OA on health-related quality of life (HRQL) were modeled using Canadian national surveys. RESULTS: Incidence rates of OA in the model increase approximately linearly with age in both sexes between the ages of 50 and 80 and plateau in the very old. In those aged 50+, the rates are substantially higher in women. At baseline, the prevalence of OA is 11.5%, 13.6% in women and 9.3% in men. The OA hazard ratios for obesity are 2.0 in women and 1.7 in men. The effect of OA diagnosis on HRQL, as measured by the Health Utilities Index Mark 3 (HUI3), is to reduce it by 0.10 in women and 0.14 in men. CONCLUSIONS: We describe the development of the first population-based microsimulation model of OA. Strengths of this model include the use of large population databases to derive the key parameters and the application of modern microsimulation technology. Limitations of the model reflect the limitations of administrative and survey data and gaps in the epidemiological and HRQL literature.
COMPARISON OF 3 CLONES OF LEMNA IN A STATIC TOXICITY TEST OF ATRAZINE.
Creators: name: Bell, Rhonda Lee
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 1993

description: Bioassays have become increasingly important indicators of environmental pollution. Lemnaceae (duckweeds) include a variety of species which are unique for bioassay application. This research tested three clones of duckweed; Lemna gibba, Lemna obscura, and Lemna minor for sensitivity and applicability to detect atrazine [6-chloro-N-ethyl-N'-(1- methylethyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine (C8H14C1N5)] in the environment. Nine biological parameters selected for evaluation were in two major categories: the first group included biomass; dry weight, frond number, frond production and dry weight/frond. The second group of parameters included measurement of pigments produced by the duckweeds; chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, anthocyanin and the ratio of chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b. Regressions of parameter responses to atrazine concentrations were strongest in Lemna obscura. However, Lemna gibba was found to have the lowest IC50 (0.6-0.7 uM atrazine) for most of the nine variables measured. The small size of Lemna minor and Lemna obscura permitted these two species to be grown in small (8.5 x 12.5 cm), 24-well tissue culture plates. Bioassays in culture plates enabled tests with adequate replication and minimal costs. Lemna gibba was too large to be grown in culture plates and hence was grown in 125 mL erlenmeyer flasks which limited its efficiency of time, laboratory equipment, and materials.
Spectral radius conditions for the existence of all subtrees of diameter at most four
Creators: name: Liu, Xiangxiang
name: Broersma, Hajo
name: Wang, Ligong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C50, 05C35

description: Let $μ(G)$ denote the spectral radius of a graph $G$. We partly confirm a conjecture due to Nikiforov, which is a spectral radius analogue of the well-known Erdős-Sós Conjecture that any tree of order $t$ is contained in a graph of average degree greater than $t-2$. Let $S_{n,k}=K_{k}\vee\overline{K_{n-k}}$, and let $S_{n,k}^{+}$ be the graph obtained from $S_{n,k}$ by adding a single edge joining two vertices of the independent set of $S_{n,k}$. In 2010, Nikiforov conjectured that for a given integer $k$, every graph $G$ of sufficiently large order $n$ with $μ(G)\geq μ(S_{n,k}^{+})$ contains all trees of order $2k+3$, unless $G=S_{n,k}^{+}$. We confirm this conjecture for trees with diameter at most four, with one exception. In fact, we prove the following stronger result for $k\geq 8$. If a graph $G$ with sufficiently large order $n$ satisfies $μ(G)\geq μ(S_{n,k})$ and $G\neq S_{n,k}$, then $G$ contains all trees of order $2k+3$ with diameter at most four, except for the tree obtained from a star $K_{1,k+1}$ by subdividing each of its $k+1$ edges once.
description: 16 pages
The targum (1925:Oct. 7 - 1925:Oct. 28)
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: Targum Association
Year: 1925

description: Some University historians indicate that the Targum was first published as an annual in 1867, but of this we have no extant evidence. In January 1869, the Targum as we now know it, made its appearance as a monthly paper that concerned itself with student “literary contributions” and college news as well as serving as a vehicle for bringing news to alumni and the general public. The newspaper, which originally was for sale, varied in frequency over the years as did its title (The Targum, Rutgers Targum, Rutgers Daily Targum, and Daily Targum). The newspaper has continuously been published since 1869 with the exception of 19 months during the second world war, between February 1944 and October 1945. The Targum was published by the students of Rutgers College, and later Rutgers University—New Brunswick represented through the years as the Targum Association, Rutgers Targum Association, and Rutgers College Targum. As a student organization, the Targum operated under the oversight of the dean of students and student government but in October 1980, the Targum became an independent college paper.
(100263) Job James
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
DIRECTED EVOLUTION OF A LOW pH TOLERANT PECTIN METHYLESTERASE
Creators: name: Bemani, Maryam
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2008

description: The objective of this proposal is to facilitate the biofuel production from agricultural waste such as sugar beet pulp. Pectin methylesterase A (pmeA) is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of the methylester groups of pectin to produce methanol and pectate; therefore, pme is able to demethylate the pectin (present in sugar beet pulp) and produce methanol which is a valuable commodity; in addition, pectinesterases work better on pectate than pectin itself, so demethylation facilitates the ethanol production reaction; however, pmes can not tolerate high temperature and low pH (the conditions for sugar beet processing). Using directed evolution techniques, researchers have evolved a thermostable pme, but thermostability alone will not suffice for biofuel application, the reason being that during the course of the pme reaction the pectate acidifies the solution to the point of inhibiting subsequent pme reaction. Therefore, not only should a pme be thermostable, but also it should be able to tolerate low pH (pH 3.0). Therefore, we would like to evolve a pme with tolerance to low pH for the biofuels application since previous studies have not addressed this requirement.
Measurement of the doubly-polarized He 3 → ( γ → , n ) p p reaction at 16.5 MeV and its implications for the GDH sum rule
Creators: name: Fonseca, A.C.
name: Deltuva, A.
name: Meziane, M.
name: Karwowski, H.J.
name: Laskaris, G.
name: Witała, H.
name: Chu, P.-H.
name: Zimmerman, W.R.
name: Golak, J.
name: Flower, C.
name: Strakovsky, I.I.
name: Ahmed, M.W.
name: Weller, H.R.
name: Xiong, W.
name: Yan, X.
name: Wu, Y.K.
name: Sauer, P.U.
name: Gao, H.
name: Averett, T.
name: Heideman, J.N.
name: Skibiński, R.
name: Mueller, J.M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: We report new measurements of the double-polarized photodisintegration of 3He at an incident photon energy of 16.5 MeV, carried out at the High Intensity γ-ray Source (HIγS) facility located at Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory (TUNL). The spin-dependent double-differential cross sections and the contribution from the three-body channel to the Gerasimov–Drell–Hearn (GDH) integrand were extracted and compared with the state-of-the-art three-body calculations. The calculations, which include the Coulomb interaction and are in good agreement with the results of previous measurements at 12.8 and 14.7 MeV, deviate from the new cross section results at 16.5 MeV. Lastly, the GDH integrand was found to be about one standard deviation larger than the maximum value predicted by the theories.
Constraining the $^{30}$P($p,γ)^{31}$S reaction rate in ONe novae via the weak, low-energy, $β$-delayed proton decay of $^{31}$Cl
Creators: name: Budner, T.
name: Friedman, M.
name: Wrede, C.
name: Brown, B. A.
name: José, J.
name: Pérez-Loureiro, D.
name: Sun, L. J.
name: Surbrook, J.
name: Ayyad, Y.
name: Bardayan, D. W.
name: Chae, K.
name: Chen, A. A.
name: Chipps, K. A.
name: Cortesi, M.
name: Glassman, B.
name: Hall, M. R.
name: Janasik, M.
name: Liang, J.
name: O'Malley, P.
name: Pollacco, E.
name: Psaltis, A.
name: Stomps, J.
name: Wheeler, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $^{30}$P$(p,γ)^{31}$S reaction plays an important role in understanding nucleosynthesis of $A\geq 30$ nuclides in oxygen-neon novae. The Gaseous Detector with Germanium Tagging was used to measure $^{31}$Cl $β$-delayed proton decay through the key $J^π=3/2^{+}$, 260-keV resonance. The intensity $I^{260}_{βp} = 8.3^{+1.2}_{-0.9} \times 10^{-6}$ represents the weakest $β$-delayed, charged-particle emission ever measured below 400 keV, resulting in a proton branching ratio of $Γ_p / Γ= 2.5^{+0.4}_{-0.3} \times 10^{-4}$. By combining this measurement with shell-model calculations for $Γ_γ$ and past work on other resonances, the total $^{30}$P$(p,γ)^{31}$S rate has been determined with reduced uncertainty. The new rate has been used in hydrodynamic simulations to model the composition of nova ejecta, leading to a concrete prediction of $^{30}$Si/$^{28}$Si excesses in presolar nova grains and the calibration of nuclear thermometers.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, accepted to Physical Review Letters on April 4, 2022
DRAGONFLY NYMPH SURVEY OF THE MONOCACY RIVER
Creators: name: Benner, Patricia A.
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2024

description: The dragonfly fauna of the Monocacy River was surveyed by collecting nymphal specimens from representative collecting sites at eighteen locations along the river. Nymphs of four families, seven genera and two subgenera of dragonflies were collected during the survey, including representatives of the genera Dromogomphus and Plathemis. Data resulting from the survey establishes new state distribution records for these two taxonomic groups. The present survey of the Anisoptera of the Monocacy River also serves as a baseline for future ecological studies of the river, and research on the life history of these aquatic insects.
IN VITRO REGULATION OF HUMAN T LYMPHOCYTE IMMUNE RESPONSES BY ADHERENT CELLS
Creators: name: Bernstein, Denise C.
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 1988

description: Cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses to Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) alloantigens are unexpectedly weak compared to the CTL response to influenza virus. Allogeneic CTL activity was increased dramatically by removal of Leu M3+ cells by using adherence and phagocytic properties of the macrophage/monocyte cell type. The Leu M3+ enriched population was capable of suppressing the allogeneic CTL response generated by adherent-depleted PBL. Pre-cultured cells suppressed both allogeneic and influenza virus-specific CTL responses. Influenza virus infection ameliorated the suppression through an unknown mechanism.
More on the matter of 6D SCFTs
Creators: name: Heckman, Jonathan J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: M5-branes probing an ADE singularity lead to 6D SCFTs with (1,0) supersymmetry. On the tensor branch, the M5-branes specify domain walls of a 7D Super Yang-Mills theory with gauge group G of ADE-type, thus providing conformal matter for a broad class of generalized quiver theories. Additionally, these theories have G x G flavor symmetry, and a corresponding Higgs branch. In this note we use the F-theory realization of these theories to calculate the scaling dimension of the operator parameterizing seven-brane recombination, i.e. motion of the stack of M5-branes off of the orbifold singularity. In all cases with an interacting fixed point, we find that this operator has scaling dimension at least six, and defines a marginal irrelevant deformation.
A STUDY OF EARLY SUCCESSION IN THE MARYLAND PIEDMONT
Creators: name: Bergmann, Carole Fantom
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 1986

description: Early plant succession in the upper Montgomery County portion of the Maryland piedmont was studied over a two year period during the 1984-1985 growing seasons. Analysis of vegetation was made in seven old fields ranging in age from 1 through 30 years. Each year plant species, number, and percent coverage were tabulated for each site. The . botanical nature of the plant cover growing on early succession fields in the Maryland piedmont and the changes in these communities with respect to time were thus recorded and examined. Following a short period of annual dominance (0-1 year), Aster spp. were found to be dominant during 1 through 4 years; Solidago species increasingly gained importance throughout this period. Solidago species assumed dominance by year 5 and retained dominant status in the herbaceous level through year 30. Sharing dominance with Solidago were Lonicera, japonica in the 10-15 year field, Lonicera japonica, Rubus flagellaris and Lespedeza procumbens in the 15-20 year field, and Rhus radicans in the 25-30 year field. Succession proceeds somewhat more slowly in the Maryland piedmont than in other areas reported in the literature, with the change in species neither as quick nor as distinct as in the North Carolina piedmont. No marked trends in density, species richness, diversity, or evenness were noted over the 30 year span.
A Comparative Study of the Phosphoproteins of the Endogenous Type C Retroviruses of Macaques and Colobus polykomos
Creators: name: Bess, Julian W.
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 1982

description: The phosphoproteins of the endogenous type C retroviruses of Macaques (MAC-1 and MMC-1) and Colobus polykomos (CPC-1) were isolated by the neutral chloroform-methanol extraction method and purified by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). During HPLC purification multiple forms of the phosphoproteins from each virus were detected. Two major forms of the MAC-1 and CPC-1 phosphoproteins were found while only one major form of the MMC-1 phosphoprotein was found. The MAC-1 and MMC-1 phosphoproteins migrated in sodium dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) with an apparent molecular weight of 16K. SDS-PAGE of the two major forms of the CPC-1 phosphoprotein produced two bands in each, a major one at 18K and a minor one at 20K. This 20K component was found to be an alternative form of the 18K component. Biochemical, primary structural, and immunological analyses were performed on these phosphoproteins. Compositional data indicated that the actual molecular mass of the peptide chain of these phosphoproteins is on the order of 9,500 daltons. Little or no differences in composition were detected between the phosphoproteins from MAC-1 and MMC-1, while slight compositional differences were observed between these and the CPC-1 phosphoproteins. Amino terminal amino acid sequencing demonstrated extensive sequence homology between these phosphoproteins thru the 37 sequenced positions. No differences in sequence were detected between the phosphoproteins of MAC-1 and MMC-1, while the phosphoproteins of CPC-1 differed from the other two in eight of the sequenced positions. Antiserums prepared against the MAC-1 phosphoprotein and the CPC-1 phosphoprotein were used to develop homologous and heterologous radioimmunoassays (RIAs). A panel consisting of type C and D retroviruses were tested in these RIAs. Only MAC-1, MMC-1, and CPC-1 were found to compete. In light of the highly variable nature of the viral phosphoprotein relative to the other structural proteins, the extensive similarities of these phosphoproteins clearly indicate that MAC-1, MMC-1, and CPC-1 are very closely related isolates. The Macaques and Colobus polykomos are separated by - 20 million years of evolution. This coupled with the closeness of the relationship between their endogenous retroviruses lends further support to the contention that the type C endogenous retroviruses of primates have stemmed from a common distant progenator.
Thru-Hole Epitaxy: Is Remote Epitaxy Really Remote?
Creators: name: Jang, Dongsoo
name: Ahn, Chulwoo
name: Lee, Youngjun
name: Lee, Seungjun
name: Lee, Hyunkyu
name: Kim, Donghoi
name: Kwon, Young-Kyun
name: Choi, Jaewu
name: Kim, Chinkyo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The remote epitaxy was originally proposed to grow a film, which is not in contact but crystallographically aligned with a substrate and easily detachable due to a van der Waals material as a space layer. Here we show that the claimed remote epitaxy is more likely to be nonremote `thru-hole' epitaxy. On a substrate with thick and symmetrically incompatible van der Waals space layer or even with a three-dimensional amorphous oxide film in-between, we demonstratively grew GaN domains through thru-holes via connectedness-initiated epitaxial lateral overgrowth, not only readily detachable but also crystallographically aligned with a substrate. Our proposed nonremote thru-hole epitaxy, which is embarrassingly straightforward and undemanding, can provide wider applicability of the benefits known to be only available by the claimed remote epitaxy.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures, Supplementary Information (26 pages, 15 figures)