cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Relation between Ann-Categories and Ring Categories
Creators: name: Quang, Nguyen Tien
name: Thuy, Nguyen Thu
name: Phung, Che Thi Kim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18D10

description: There are different categorizations of the definition of a {\it ring} such as {\it Ann-category} (see N. T. Quang [6]), {\it ring category} (see M. Kapranov and V.Voevodsky [2]),... The main result of this paper is to prove that every axiom of the definition of a {\it ring category}, without the axiom $x_{0}=y_{0},$ can be deduced from the axiomatics of an {\it Ann-category}.
description: 9 pages
The alkaline rocks of Port Cygnet, Tasmania
Creators: name: Ford, Ramsay John
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: The Port Cygnet alkaline complex consists of small scattered concordant and discordant intrusions of Cretaceous age emplaced in Jurassic dolerite and Permian fluvioglacial sediments in the vicinity of Port Cygnet, southern Tasmania. The alkaline rocks are miaskitic and fall into two main groups: one is a group of slightly oversaturated syenites with a porphyritic texture rich in phenocrysts of oligoclase (syenite porphyries), and the other consists of nepheline syenites, characteristically with a flow structure and containing phenocrysts of euhedral sanidine crystals, with feldspathoids in the groundmass, and occasionally as phenocrysts. These are the sanidine rocks or sanidine porphyries. The primary magma was a potash-rich upper mantle or lower crustal, partial melt (of a mafic alkali parent) probably equivalent ultimately to a tinguaite which began crystallizing in a magma chamber with subsequent successive injections of magma containing coarser sanidine phenocrysts. . This gave rise to the nepheline syenites. The intrusion of the potassic magma was accompanied by volatiles with evidence of the presence of water, carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide and hydrogen sulphide, demonstrated by the presence of both primary and secondary reaction mineral products. The porphyritic syenites seem to have been derived by the mixing of a potassic upper mantle or lower crustal partial melt, with a crustal partial melt of the feldspathic matrix of an amphibolite followed by subsequent initial crystallization at depth before injection into the country rocks. The model is based on microscopic and textural characteristics, chemical compositions, mineralogy and initial strontium isotope ratios. Variation of the syenite porphyries due to addition of recrystallized amphibole from the parent amphibolite formed a horn-blende porphyry. Fractionation of the syenitic melt has resulted in a group of mixed feldspar phenocryst rocks showing potash feldspar reacting with plagioclase phenocrysts in a brown matrix. Assimilation of mineralized carbonates by the magma has produced one rock unique in having phenocrysts of spessartite and epidote. Sulphur from the country rocks was mobilized by this intrusion. At Regatta Point, on the western shore of Port Cygnet, the .potassic magma reacted with Jurassic dolerite to form hybrid rocks. These were most likely produced within the temperature range of 710 ¬¨‚àûC to 810 ¬¨‚àûC and a log ¬¨¬£0 2 in the range -11 to -13. The alkaline intrusion was probably associated with the break-up of Gondwanaland.
Investigating lava flow rheology using video analysis and numerical flow models
Creators: name: Lev, Einat
name: Spiegelman, Marc W.
name: Wysocki, Robert J.
name: Karson, Jeffery A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Lava rheology is a major control on lava flow behavior and a critical parameter in flow simulations, but is very difficult to measure at field conditions or correctly extrapolate from the lab scale. We present a new methodology for investigating lava rheology through a combination of controlled experiments, image analysis and numerical forward modeling. Our experimental setup, part of the Syracuse University Lava Project (http://lavaproject.syr.edu) includes a large furnace capable of melting up to 450 kg of basalt, at temperatures well above the basalt liquidus. The lava is poured onto either a tilted bed of sand or a steel channel to produce meter-long flows. This experimental setup is probably the only facility that allows such large scale controlled lava flows made of natural basaltic material. We document the motion of the lava using a high-resolution video camera placed directly above the flows, and the temperature using infrared probes and cameras. After collecting the footage, we analyze the images for lava deformation and compare with numerical forward-models to constrain the rheological parameters and laws which best describe the flowing lava. For the video analysis, we employ the technique of Differential Optical Flow, which uses the time-variations of the spatial gradients of the image intensity to estimate velocity between consecutive frames. An important benefit for using optical flow, compared with other velocimetry methods, is that it outputs a spatially coherent flow field rather than point measurements. We demonstrate that the optical flow results agree with other measures of the flow velocity, and estimate the error due to noise and time-variability to be under 30% of the measured velocity. Our forward-models are calculated by solving the Stokes flow equations on an unstructured finite-element mesh defined using the geometry of the observed flow itself. We explore a range of rheological parameters, including the lava's apparent viscosity, the power-law exponent m and the thermal activation energy. Our measurements of apparent viscosity agree well with predictions of the composition-based Shaw (1972) and GRD model (Giordano, Russell and Dingwell, 2008). We find that for the high-temperature portion of the flow a weakly shear-thinning or Newtonian rheology (m > 0.7) with an effective activation energy of B = 5500 J gives the best fit to the data. Our methodology is the first time that high-resolution optical flow analysis of flowing lava is combined with numerical flow models to constrain rheology. The methodology we present here can be used in field conditions to obtain in-situ information on lava rheology, without physical interaction with the flow and without being limited to point-wise, low strain-rate, local measurements currently available through the use of rotational viscometers in the field.
Necessity of mixed kinetic term in the description of general system with identical fields
Creators: name: Ginzburg, I. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most general renormalizable interaction in the system with a set of scalar fields having identical quantum numbers generates naturally mixed kinetic terms in the Lagrangian. Taking into account these terms leads to modification both the renormalization group equations and the tree level analysis as compare with many published results. We obtain conditions for non-appearance of such a running mixing in some important cases.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures
title: Studies on the Utilization of Deboned Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Frames in Fish Snack
Creators: name: Muralidharan, S.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1999

description: Snack food development studies were conducted to iii utilize trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) frames, a by-product of the filleting operation, using extrusion and conventional technology. Twin screw extrusion studies were conducted to study the effect of fish mince, non-fat dry milk, process temperature, and moisture content on the physicochemical properties of the extruded snack food. Response surfaces were plotted to understand the effects of the independent variables on dependent variables such as bulk density, expansion ratio, shear strength, and water absorption index. Quadratic models expressed the relationship between the dependent and independent variables.
Based on the extrusion studies, conditions suitable for further development of a ready-to-eat snack food were obtained. Conventional technology was also studied in the development of a fish cracker called keropok. A well expanded, tasty snack food was obtained using the minced fish and tapioca starch. Physicochemical characteristics of the developed snack were determined. Taste panel ratings for texture and taste of the cracker indicated a good potential for acceptance of this product for production and sale by local fish processors. Further studies may be undertaken to develop a continuous process to prepare the crackers on a larger scale.
Modeling the Enceladus plume--plasma interaction
Creators: name: Fleshman, B. L.
name: Delamere, P. A.
name: Bagenal, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the chemical interaction between Saturn's corotating plasma and Enceladus' volcanic plumes. We evolve plasma as it passes through a prescribed H2O plume using a physical chemistry model adapted for water-group reactions. The flow field is assumed to be that of a plasma around an electrically-conducting obstacle centered on Enceladus and aligned with Saturn's magnetic field, consistent with Cassini magnetometer data. We explore the effects on the physical chemistry due to: (1) a small population of hot electrons; (2) a plasma flow decelerated in response to the pickup of fresh ions; (3) the source rate of neutral H2O. The model confirms that charge exchange dominates the local chemistry and that H3O+ dominates the water-group composition downstream of the Enceladus plumes. We also find that the amount of fresh pickup ions depends heavily on both the neutral source strength and on the presence of a persistent population of hot electrons.
description: 10 pages, 1 table, 2 figures
Protagonist in the theatre of Antonio Buero Vallejo
Creators: name: Yada, Dorothy Elizabeth
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The purpose of this thesis is to study the protagonists in the theatre of Antonio Buero Vallejo and the themes that are demonstrated by means of them. In the first chapters the plays are grouped essentially chronologically and the protagonists of each are discussed. The concluding chapter attempts to consolidate the findings of the preceding chapters and examines the general characteristics and the chronological evolution of Buero's protagonists.
title: Methanethiol and Cheddar Cheese Flavor
Creators: name: Dias, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1999

description: The use of slower acid-producing starter bacteria for the production of lower fat Cheddar cheese has lead to milder flavor Cheddar cheeses that lack intense Cheddar notes. The metabolism of methionine leads to the production of methanethiol, which is one of the desirable Cheddar cheese flavor compounds. The influence of NaCl and reduced pH was determined for aminopeptidase, lipase/ esterase, and methanethiol-producing capability in selected lactic acid bacteria and brevibacteria in simulated cheese-like conditions. The activity of each enzyme decreased with NaCl addition and pH reduction to approximate a Cheddar cheese environment (5% NaCl and pH 5.2).
The mechanism for methanethiol production by the starter and adjunct bacteria was also investigated. Different enzyme systems were found to be responsible for methanethiol production in starter lactococci, lactobacilli, and brevibacteria. In the lactococci, enzymes that acted primarily on cystathionine were responsible for methanethiol production from methionine. Lactobacilli also contained cystathionine-degrading enzymes, but these enzymes have properties different from the lactococcal enzymes. Brevibacterium linensBL2 lacked cystathionine-degrading enzymes, but was capable of the direct conversion of methionine to methanethiol.
L-Methionine γ-lyase from B. linens BL2 was purified to homogeneity, and was found to catalyze the α, γ elimination of methionine resulting in the production of methanethiol, α-ketobutyrate, and ammonia. Characterization of the pure enzyme demonstrated that it is pyridoxal phosphate dependent, which is active at salt and pH conditions existing in ripening Cheddar cheese. The addition of either B. linens BL2 or L-methionine γ-lyase to aseptic cheese curd slurries increased methanethiol and total volatile sulfur compound production.
In an attempt to increase methanethiol production and Cheddar cheese flavor in reduced-fat Cheddar cheese, B. linens BL2 was added as a starter adjunct to 60% reduced-fat cheese. Sensory evaluation of the cheese indicated that B. linens BL2 improved the flavor of 60% reduced-fat Cheddar cheese. This suggests that the addition of B. linens BL2 is an alternative to the addition of lactic acid bacteria to improve Cheddar cheese flavor via the metabolism of methionine.
Probing variability patterns of the Fe K line complex in bright nearby AGNs
Creators: name: De Marco, B.
name: Iwasawa, K.
name: Cappi, M.
name: Dadina, M.
name: Tombesi, F.
name: Ponti, G.
name: Celotti, A.
name: Miniutti, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The unprecedented sensitivity of current X-ray telescopes allows for the first time to address the issue of the Fe K line complex variability patterns in bright, nearby AGNs. We examine XMM-Newton observations of the brightest sources of the FERO sample of radio-quiet type 1 AGNs with the aim of characterizing the temporal behaviour of Fe K complex features. A systematic mapping of residual flux above and below the continuum in the 4-9 keV range is performed in the time vs energy domain, with the purpose of identifying interesting spectral features in the three energy bands: 5.4-6.1 keV, 6.1-6.8 keV and 6.8-7.2 keV, corresponding respectively to the redshifted, rest frame and blueshifted or highly ionized Fe Kalpha line bands. The variability significance is assessed by extracting light curves and comparing them with MonteCarlo simulations. The time-averaged profile of the Fe K complex revealed spectral complexity in several observations. Red- and blue-shifted components (either in emission or absorption) were observed in 30 out of 72 observations, with an average ~90 eV for emission and ~ -30 eV for absorption features. We detected significant line variability (with confidence levels ranging between 90% and 99.7%) within at least one of the above energy bands in 26 out of 72 observations on time scales of ~6-30 ks. Reliability of these features has been carefully calculated using this sample and has been assessed at ~3sigma confidence level. This work increases the currently scanty number of detections of variable, energy shifted, Fe lines and confirms the reliability of the claimed detections. We found that the distribution of detected features is peaked at high variability significances in the red- and blue-shifted energy bands, suggesting an origin in a relativistically modified accretion flow.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Global Infectious Disease Surveillance And Health Intelligence
Creators: name: Morse, Stephen S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Public health
Emergency management--International cooperation
Emergency management--Planning
Communicable diseases

description: Current concerns about the spread of infectious diseases, especially unexpected (“emerging”) infections such as pandemic influenza or severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), have renewed focus on the critical importance of global early warning and rapid response. Although considerable progress has been made, many gaps remain. A number of the gaps can be addressed through increased political will, resources for reporting, improved coordination and sharing of information, raising clinicians’ awareness, and additional research to develop more rigorous triggers for action. The increasing availability of communications and information technologies worldwide offers new opportunities for reporting even in low-capacity settings.
Structural fluctuations and quantum transport through DNA molecular wires: a combined molecular dynamics and model Hamiltonian approach
Creators: name: Gutierrez, R.
name: Caetano, R.
name: Woiczikowski, P. B.
name: Kubar, T.
name: Elstner, M.
name: Cuniberti, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Charge transport through a short DNA oligomer (Dickerson dodecamer) in presence of structural fluctuations is investigated using a hybrid computational methodology based on a combination of quantum mechanical electronic structure calculations and classical molecular dynamics simulations with a model Hamiltonian approach. Based on a fragment orbital description, the DNA electronic structure can be coarse-grained in a very efficient way. The influence of dynamical fluctuations arising either from the solvent fluctuations or from base-pair vibrational modes can be taken into account in a straightforward way through time series of the effective DNA electronic parameters, evaluated at snapshots along the MD trajectory. We show that charge transport can be promoted through the coupling to solvent fluctuations, which gate the onsite energies along the DNA wire.
Density-functional investigation of the rhombohedral to simple cubic phase transition of arsenic
Creators: name: Silas, Patricia
name: Yates, Jonathan R.
name: Haynes, Peter D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on our investigation of the crystal structure of arsenic under compression, focusing primarily on the pressure-induced A7 to simple cubic (sc) phase transition. The two-atom rhombohedral unit cell is subjected to pressures ranging from 0 GPa to 200 GPa; for each given pressure, cell lengths and angles, as well as atomic positions, are allowed to vary until the fully relaxed structure is obtained. We find that the nearest and next-nearest neighbor distances give the clearest indication of the occurrence of a structural phase transition. Calculations are performed using the local density approximation (LDA) and the PBE and PW91 generalized gradient approximations (GGA-PBE and GGA-PW91) for the exchange-correlation functional. The A7 to sc transition is found to occur at 21+/-1 GPa in the LDA, at 28+/-1 GPa in the GGA-PBE and at 29+/-1 GPa in the GGA-PW91; no volume discontinuity is observed across the transition in any of the three cases. We use k-point grids as dense as 66X66X66 to enable us to present reliably converged results for the A7 to sc transition of arsenic.
description: To be published in Physical Review B; material supplementary to this article is available at arXiv:0810.1693
Additional file 5 of Identification of GROWTH-REGULATING FACTOR transcription factors in lettuce (Lactuca sativa) genome and functional analysis of LsaGRF5 in leaf size regulation
Creators: name: Zhang, Bin
name: Tong, Yanan
name: Luo, Kangsheng
name: Zhai, Zhaodong
name: Liu, Xue
name: Shi, Zhenying
name: Zhang, Dechun
name: Li, Dayong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 5. The original gel images used in this article
title: Prevalence and Possible Causes of Vitamin B-6 Deficiency Among Women in the Philippines
Creators: name: Wong, Siew Sun
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1999

description: Recently maternal intake of multivitamins has been associated with a reduced risk of orofacial clefts (OFC)in human epidemiologic studies. In the Philippines, vitamin B-6 deficiency was found to be associated with increased risk of OFCs. The birth prevalence of OFCs in the Philippines is among the highest known, but Filipino emigrants in the United States have lower rates, indicating that environmental factors may play an important role in causing OFCs in the Philippines.
The prevalence and possible causes of vitamin B-6 deficiency were investigated through dietary and biochemical assessments in case-control study in Negros Occidental, Philippines. Mothers with OFC offspring (cases) were ascertained during a 2-week OFC surgical mission of Operation Smile in 1997, and mothers without OFC offspring (controls) were recruited at randomly selected neighborhood health centers.
Sixty-three percent case-mothers and 41 percent control-mothers were vitamin B-6-deficient. Dietary vitamin B-6 intake was low in both cases and controls but lower in cases. Case-mothers consumed 9.4 percent fewer calories than the control-mothers. Rice was the major contribution of total energy, carbohydrate, and protein for both cases and controls. Both cases and controls consumed fruits, seafood, dairy, fats, and oils with similar frequency, but cases consumed grains and grain products, vegetables, meats, beans and bean products, and roots less frequently. The vitamin B-6 activity coefficient, an indicator of vitamin B-6 deficiency, was correlated positively with plasma homocystine and negatively with plasma and red cell folate in cases only. No significant correlations were found between vitamin B-6 status and maternal age, smoking, or drinking, in either cases or controls.
Vitamin B-6 deficiency appears to be an important yet complex problem in Negros Occidental because it is widespread and strongly associated with the risk of OFC birth defects. This condition may be a consequence of 1) high polished rice consumption, 2) low vitamin B-6 intake from other food sources, 3) presence of glycosylated vitamin B-6 in plant foods, 4) high vitamin C-induced vitamin B-6 hydroxylation, or 5) a potential zinc deficiency.
Exoplanet search with astrometry
Creators: name: Launhardt, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Searching for extrasolar planets by direct detection is extremely challenging for current instrumentation. Indirect methods, that measure the effect of a planet on its host star, are much more promising and have indeed led to the discovery of nearly all extrasolar systems known today. While the most successful method thus far is the radial velocity technique, new interferometric instruments like PRIMA at the VLTI will enable us to carry out astrometric measurements accurate enough to detect extrasolar planets and to determine all orbital parameters, including their orbit inclination and true mass. In this article I describe the narrow-angle astrometry technique, how it will be realized with PRIMA, what kind of planets we can find, and what kind of preparatory observations are required.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures, contribution to the summerschool "Astrometry and Imaging with the Very Large Telescope Interferometer", 2 - 13 June, 2008, Keszthely, Hungary
title: Heat-Induced Gelation of Ultrafiltered Whole Milk Concentrate and Product Applications
Creators: name: Solorio, Hector Alejandro
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1999

description: The heat-induced gelation properties of ultrafiltered (UF) whole milk concentrate were studied under different physical and chemical conditions. total solids concentration, homogenization pressures, heating temperatures, and heating times were found to have a positive correlation with gel strength. The addition of calcium chloride, sodium chloride, or trisodium citrate produced gels of higher strengths and textural properties than the gels obtained with non-salt-treated concentrate. Calcium chloride produced the strongest gels with a cheese-like texture and poor spreadability. Sodium chloride produced gels of intermediate strength with a firm, elastic texture and poor spreadability. Trisodium citrate produced the softest gels with a smooth, creamy texture and good spreadability.
A shelf stable 40% total solids UF concentrate was manufactured using ultra-high temperature (UHT) processing by direct steam injection. The pourable concentrate had a shelf life of 75 to 90 days at 23°C and did not have the ability to produce heat-induced gels after a second heating. Addition of calcium chloride, sodium chloride, or trisodium citrate restored the heat-induced gelation of the retentate. However, the gels were weaker and presented different characteristics than did the gels from non-UHT-treated concentrate.
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies revealed a relationship between gel firmness and gel ultrastructure of the heat-induced gels. The gels consisted of a network of casein micelles connected with strands of a less dense protein material. The tighter the network the stronger the gel strength. High heating temperatures and calcium chloride addition caused fusion of the casein micelles in the network. Sensory evaluation of two prototype gelled desserts by a general consumer population showed a good potential for the use of the heat-induced gelation property of UF-concentrated whole milk in the development of new gelled dessert applications.
The Dababiya corehole, Upper Nile Valley, Egypt: Preliminary Results
Creators: name: Berggren, William A.
name: Alegret, Laia
name: Aubry, Marie-Pierre
name: Cramer, Ben
name: Dupuis, Christian
name: Goolaerts, Sijn
name: Kent, Dennis V.
name: King, Christopher
name: O’B. Knox, Robert
name: Obaidalla, Nageh
name: Ortiz, Silvia
name: Ouda, Khaled
name: Abdel-Sabour, Ayman
name: Salem, Rehab
name: Senosy, Mahmoud
name: Soliman, Mamdouh
name: Soliman, Ali
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Paleontology
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: The Dababiya corehole was drilled in the Dababiya Quarry (Upper Nile Valley, Egypt), adjacent to the GSSP for the Paleocene/ Eocene boundary, to a total depth of 140 m and bottomed in the lower Maastrichtian Globotruncana aegyptiaca Zone of the Dakhla Shale Formation. Preliminary integrated studies on calcareous plankton (foraminifera, nannoplankton), benthic foraminifera, dinoflagellates, ammonites, geochemistry, clay mineralogy and geophysical logging indicate that: 1) The K/P boundary lies between 80.4 and 80.2 m, the Danian/Selandian boundary between ~ 41 and 43 m, the Selandian/Thanetian boundary at ~ 30 m (within the mid-part of the Tarawan Chalk) and the Paleocene/Eocene boundary at 11.75 m (base [planktonic foraminifera] Zone E1 and [calcareous nannoplankton] Zone NP9b); 2) the Dababiya Quarry Member (=Paleocene/Eocene Thermal Maximum interval) extends from 11.75 to 9.5 m, which is ~1 m less than in the adjacent GSSP outcrop.; 3) the Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) depositional environment was nearshore, tropical-sub tropical and nutrient rich; the latest Maastrichtian somewhat more restricted (coastal); and the early Danian cooler, low(er) salinity with increasing warmth and depth of water (i.e., more open water); 4) the Paleocene is further characterized by outer shelf (~ 200 m), warm water environments as supported by foraminifera P/B ratios > 85% (~79-28 m), whereas benthic foraminifera dominate (>70%) from ~27-12 m (Tarawan Chalk and Hanadi Member) due, perhaps, in part to increased dissolution (as observed in nearby outcrop samples over this interval); 5) during the PETM, enhanced hydrodynamic conditions are inferred to have occurred on the sea-floor with increased river discharge (in agreement with sedimentologic evidence), itself a likely cause for very high enhanced biological productivity on the epicontinental shelf of Egypt; 6) correlation of in situ measured geophysical logs of Natural Gamma Ray (GR), Single-Point Resistance (PR), Self-Potential (SP), magnetic susceptibility (MS), and Resistivity, and Short Normal (SN) and Long Normal (LN) showed correspondence to the lithologic units. The Dababiya Quarry Member, in particular, is characterized by very high Gamma Ray and Resistivity Short Normal values.
title: Heat-Stable Extracellular Enzymes of Pseudomonas
Creators: name: Koka, Ramarathna
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1999

description: Psychotrophic bacteria produce heat-stable lipase, protease, and phospholipase. Pervious studies indicate the production of multiple enzymes in several strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens, but conclusive evidence is lacking.
The influence of culture conditions on the production and thermostability of phospholipase, protease, and lipase was investigated in 17 raw milk and environmental isolates. Production and thermostability of the enzymes were influenced by strain, stage of growth, and the culture medium. Cross-reactivity of antibodies raised to a purified protease and a commercial lipase indicated the immunological diversity of the enzymes.
Protease purification was undertaken to investigate the production of multiple proteases within a single strain. A single monomeric protease with a molecular weight of 52 kDa was purified from P. fluorescens RO98. Biochemical characterization of the enzyme revealed that it was a zinc-metallo acidprotease with pH and temperature optima of 5.0 35°C, respectively. The enzyme was thermostable with a D55 of 41 min and a D62.5 of 18 h.
Although sensitive assays exist for proteases, they are not suitable for detection of protease activity in milk in the presence of milk proteins. Existing immunoassays approach the required sensitivity but take about 6 h and cannot distinguish between active and inactive enzyme. An immunoassay that can be completed within 2 h and that can detect and distinguish both total and active enzyme was explored. The ratio of these two forms gives insight into the history of the milk.
The ability of the purified protease to hydrolyze hydrophobic peptides associated with bitterness in Cheddar cheese was also investigated. Results demonstrated that the protease had the potential to debitter Cheddar cheese because it was able to hydrolyze the bitter peptides commonly found during aging.
Two lipolytic enzymes with molecular weights of 50 (Pf-lip1) and 12 kDa (Pf-lip2) were purified from P. fluorescens RO98. Differences were observed in their biochemical properties. D62.5-values of 12.7 and 29.9 h were determined for Pf-lip1 and Pf-lip2, respectively. Pf-lip1 preferred longer chain length fatty acids, and Pf-lip2 preferred shorter chain length substrates. Pf-lip1 hydrolyzed milk fat and emulsified triolein, but Pf-lip2 did not, indicating that the latter was an esterase. This information is of significance to the dairy industry because activity tests that assay both the lipolytic enzymes need to be used in order to direct raw milk to short shelf-life products during processing and ensure quality of long shelf-life products
Modern incursions of tropical Radiolaria into the Arctic Ocean
Creators: name: Bjørklund, Kjell R.
name: Kruglikova, Svetlana B.
name: Anderson, O. Roger
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Marine biology
Marine ecology

description: Plankton samples obtained by the Norwegian Polar Institute (August, 2010) in an area north of Svalbard contained an unusual abundance of tropical and subtropical radiolarian taxa (98 in 145 total observed taxa), not typically found at these high latitudes. A detailed analysis of the composition and abundance of these Radiolaria suggests that a pulse of warm Atlantic water entered the Norwegian Sea and finally entered into the Arctic Ocean, where evidence of both juvenile and adult forms suggests they may have established viable populations. Among radiolarians in general, this may be a good example of ecotypic plasticity. Radiolaria, with their high species number and characteristic morphology, can serve as a useful monitoring tool for pulses of warm water into the Arctic Ocean. Further analyses should be followed up in future years to monitor the fate of these unique plankton assemblages and to determine variation in northward distribution and possible penetration into the polar basin. The fate of this tropical fauna (persistence, disappearance, or genetic intermingling with existing taxa) is presently unknown. The current event may not be unique, nor a consequence of global warming, because analyses of sediment samples suggest that several natural pulses of warm water of this kind occurred in the prior century and, indeed, there may be more in years to come.
Electric-Magnetic Duality and Topological Insulators
Creators: name: Karch, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We work out the action of the SL(2,Z) electric-magnetic duality group for an insulator with a non-trivial permittivity, permeability and theta-angle. This theory has recently been proposed to be the correct low-energy effective action for topological insulators. As applications, we give manifestly SL(2,Z) covariant expressions for the Faraday rotation at orthogonal incidence at the interface of two such materials, as well as for the induced magnetic and electric charges, slightly clarifying the meaning of expressions previously derived in the literature. We also use electric-magnetic duality to find a gravitational dual for a strongly coupled version of this theory using the AdS/CFT correspondence.
description: 4 pages; version accepted by PRL
Structural and synthetic studies of some pyrrolidine, tropane and bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids
Creators: name: Leow, Huck Meng
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: A detailed phytochemical examination of the alkaloid content of four species of the family Proteaceae - Bellendena montana, Darlingia darlingiana, Darlingia ferruginea and Agastachys odorata - has been undertaken. A new group of pyrrolidine bases with a side-chain of varying length terminating in a phenyl group has been isolated from D. darlingiana. Spectroscopic and chemical evidence for the structures of five new C17 and three new C15 pyrrolidine bases are presented. The structural assignments were confirmed by syntheses, and in one case, by X-ray crystallography, which also established the absolute stereochemistry. Four new minor alkaloids of the pyranotropane-type have been isolated, three from B. montana and one from D. darlingiana. Four previously described pyranotropane alkaloids were reisolated from the Bellendena and Darlingia species; the presence of eight alkaloids of the tropane-type in the four species, including a unique tropene of biosynthetic interest in A. odorata, was also confirmed. Two of the tropane alkaloids have been synthesised and their absolute stereochemistries established. Progress towards the synthesis of a third tropane alkaloid is reported. Four unknown bases were also isolated from B. montana; evidence is presented to support a tentative trilactone structure proposed for one of these. Some general observations on the proteaceous alkaloids are made and a possible mode of biosynthesis of these alkaloids is suggested. Two species of the family Monimiaceae, Daphnandra johnsonii and Nemuaron vieillardii, were investigated. An examination of the alkaloid content of the rare new species, D. johnsonii, has supported its taxonomic classification as a distinct species. Three new bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids were isolated; one of these is unique amongst the biscoclaurine alkaloids of the head-to-head type in having a C6-hydroxyl group; the other two belong to the dibenzodioxin type of biscoclaurine alkaloids. Four known alkaloids which occur in other Daphnandra spp. were also isolated. A new bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid with a C5-C6' ether linkage has been isolated from N. vieillardii. Spectroscopic and chemical evidence for the structures of the new alkaloids are presented. The thesis is divided into three parts. The pyrrolidine alkaloids are discussed in Part I, the tropane alkaloids in Part II, and the bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids in Part III.
title: The Development of Pediococcus Species as Starters for Mozzarella Cheese
Creators: name: Caldwell, Shelby L.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1999

description: Bacteriophage infection of Streptococcus thermophilus is a growing concern in the mozzarella cheese industry. One method to control this problem may be to replace S. thermophilus with a starter coccus from a different genus of lactic acid bacteria. This work evaluated the possibility of using genetically modified Pediococcus spp. for this approach. Electroporation was used to introduce genes for lactose utilization from Lactococcus lactis into strains of P. acidilactici and P. pentosaceus. The resulting lactose-positive transformants, P. acidilactici SAL and P. pentosaceus SPL-2, rapidly reduced the pH of lactose broth, accumulated [14C]lactose at a rate higher than a lactococcal control, and showed relatively high phospho-β-galactosidase activity.
When paired with Lactobacillus helveticus LH100 in 9% reconstituted skim milk, P. acidilactici SAL and P. pentosaceus SPL-2 demonstrated synergistic growth with LH100. Milk fermented with Pediococcus-LH100 starter pairs also contained significantly less free galactose than milk fermented with a control starter blend of LH100 and S. thermophilus TA061. Mozzarella cheese made with lactose-positive Pediococcus-LH100 blends was compositionally similar to cheese made with the control starter blend, but production required 60-90 additional minutes.
In an attempt to decrease the time required to produce mozzarella, Pediococcus spp. were transformed with lactococcal genes from an extracellular serine proteinase ora n oligopetpide transport system. Constructs which expressed each system were obtained, but these strains did not display improvement in the ability to clot 9% reconstituted skim milk.Studies to screen P. acidilactici and P. pentosaceus for lysogeny detected temperate bacteriophage in three strains of P. acidilactici. Morphological characterization of these new phages demonstrated that they had small isometric heads with non-contractile tails and thus belonged to the B I group of the family Siphovirdae. Further characterization based on DNA-DNA homology and protein profiles suggested that the P. acidilactici phages can be separated into at least two different species.
As a whole, the results reported here suggest that due to their slower growth in milk, P. acidilactici SAL and P. pentosaceus SPL-2 cannot be used as direct replacements for S. thermophilus but may be suited for use as adjuncts to the traditional S. thermophilus/Lactobacillus sp. starter blend.
A history of vegetation, sediment and nutrient dynamics at Tivoli North Bay, Hudson Estuary, New York
Creators: name: Sritrairat, Sanpisa
name: Peteet, Dorothy M.
name: Kenna, Timothy C.
name: Sambrotto, Raymond N.
name: Kurdyla, Dorothy K.
name: Guilderson, Thompson P.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Paleoclimatology

description: We conduct a stratigraphic paleoecological investigation at a Hudson River National Estuarine Research Reserve (HRNERR) site, Tivoli Bays, spanning the past 1100 years. Marsh sediment cores were analyzed for ecosystem changes using multiple proxies, including pollen, spores, macrofossils, charcoal, sediment bulk chemistry, and stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes. The results reveal climatic shifts such as the warm and dry Medieval Warm Period (MWP) followed by the cooler Little Ice Age (LIA), along with significant anthropogenic influence on the watershed ecosystem. A five-fold expansion of invasive species, including Typha angustifolia and Phragmites australis, is documented along with marked changes in sediment composition and nutrient input. During the last century, a ten-fold sedimentation rate increase due to land-use changes is observed. The large magnitude of shifts in vegetation, sedimentation, and nutrients during the last few centuries suggest that human activities have made the greatest impact to the marshes of the Hudson Estuary during the last millennium. Climate variability and ecosystem changes similar to those observed at other marshes in northeastern and mid-Atlantic estuaries, attest to the widespread regional signature recorded at Tivoli Bays.
Post-Processing of Discovered Association Rules Using Ontologies
Creators: name: Marinica, Claudia
name: Guillet, Fabrice
name: Briand, Henri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In Data Mining, the usefulness of association rules is strongly limited by the huge amount of delivered rules. In this paper we propose a new approach to prune and filter discovered rules. Using Domain Ontologies, we strengthen the integration of user knowledge in the post-processing task. Furthermore, an interactive and iterative framework is designed to assist the user along the analyzing task. On the one hand, we represent user domain knowledge using a Domain Ontology over database. On the other hand, a novel technique is suggested to prune and to filter discovered rules. The proposed framework was applied successfully over the client database provided by Nantes Habitat.
Sentence Fusion for Multidocument News Summarization
Creators: name: McKeown, Kathleen
name: Barzilay, Regina
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Computer science

description: A system that can produce informative summaries, highlighting common information found in many online documents, will help Web users to pinpoint information that they need without extensive reading. In this article, we introduce sentence fusion, a novel text-to-text generation technique for synthesizing common information across documents. Sentence fusion involves bottom-up local multisequence alignment to identify phrases conveying similar information and statistical generation to combine common phrases into a sentence. Sentence fusion moves the summarization field from the use of purely extractive methods to the generation of abstracts that contain sentences not found in any of the input documents and can synthesize information across sources.
Additional file 2 of Characteristics and therapeutic profile of TBI patients who underwent bilateral decompressive craniectomy: experience with 151 cases
Creators: name: Zhao, Jian-Lan
name: Song, Jie
name: Yuan, Qiang
name: Bao, Yi-Feng
name: Sun, Yi-Rui
name: Li, Zhi-Qi
name: Xi, Cai-Hua
name: Yao, Hai-Jun
name: Wang, Mei-Hua
name: Wu, Gang
name: Du, Zhuo-Ying
name: Hu, Jin
name: Yu, Jian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S2. 3-month complications comparison between USS and none-USS patients.
Carlo Gozzi : a study of the playwright, his major works, and the times in which he lived
Creators: name: Yawney, Vera Jessie Joni
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Eighteenth Century Venice witnessed the rise to popularity of Carlo Gozzi, a playwright whose life and works have provoked a spectrum of controversial opinions ranging from the over-enthusiastic evaluation of the German Romantics and the harsh criticisms of more realistic Italians, to the temperate judgements of modern literary critics. To understand why this prolific dramatist and dedicated opponent of the Enlightenment aroused such diverse impressions, one must study the period in which he lived and, with this in mind, proceed to examine his political, social, and moral views as they are expressed in his works, then attempt to reconstruct the personality of the author himself. Accordingly, I have included in this thesis a brief summary of the Enlightenment and the influence it had upon Italian cultural life. Against this historical background, I have presented the essential opinions of the author in order to determine his reasons for so resolutely opposing the concepts of the Enlightenment. These socio-political views are closely bound to the medium he chose. It, therefore, proves worthwhile to study his ideas on the theatre, its purpose, its rights and responsibilities, its actors and dramatists, and the genre which Gozzi used in his works, the commedia dell'arte. Although his plays are our most obvious and direct source of information, his memoirs and his treatise on the theatre are also essential. In them he describes the state of Italian theatre as he found it, his desire to rejuvenate its proud theatrical tradition, improvised comedy, his polemical and didactical reasons for writing plays, and his means of achieving the effects he believed every play should have on an audience. Gozzi's ideas also come to light in his criticism of his theatrical rival, Carlo Goldoni, whose plays reflected current social change. The fact that, until recently, literary critics judged Gozzi mainly on his theatrical productions has led them away from the fascinating personality of the author. Modern studies emphasize Gozzi, the man, as he reveals himself in the Memorie inutili, his last and most intimate work. The memoirs reveal the inner conflict of a man caught between past and future, torn between a dying culture of which he was a part, and a new one in which he could find no place. In conclusion, I maintain that only by considering his theatrical works in the light of the Memorie inutili and the Ragionamento ingenuo can one hope to give a comprehensive evaluation of Carlo Gozzi - dramatist and man.
title: The Effect of Exopolysaccharide-Producing Cultures on the Moisture Retention and Functional Properties of Low Fat Mozzarella Cheese
Creators: name: Perry, David B.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2000

description: Low fat Mozzarella cheese was made using exopolysaccharide-producing starter cultures consisting of single strains of Streptococcus thermophilus MR-1C and Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus MR-1R with or without the addition of mesophilic exopolysaccharide-producing adjunct mixed culture consisting of Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis and Lactococcus lactis ssp. cremoris. A control cheese was made using a non-exopolysaccharide-producing starter culture consisting of S. thermophilus TA061 and Lactobacillus helveticusLH100. Cheeses were analyzed for moisture, melt, fat, and protein. Cheeses made with the addition of the mesophilic exopolysaccharide-producing adjunct culture showed significant differences in moisture, but not in melting properties when compared to cheeses made without adjunct culture. Cheeses made with both the exopolysaccharide-producing starter and exopolysaccharide-producing adjunct cultures showed a 4% increase in moisture, but the use of the exopolysaccharide-producing starter cultures alone produced a 3% increase in moisture over the control cheese. Melt also increased in these cheeses as moisture increased.
The same cultures were used to determine the effects on moisture when the cheesemaking procedure was scaled up from 10-kg vats to using 454-kg horizontal blade double-O vats, and hand stretching was replaced by an Alfa Laval cooker stretcher machine. Cheese made using the exopolysaccharide-producing cultures showed a 2% increase in moisture over cheese made using non-exopolysaccharide-producing cultures. All of the cheeses made in the double-0 vats showed a decrease in moisture compared to cheeses made in the 10-kg stainless steel vats . Cheeses with elevated moisture levels showed increased melt.
Two Time Scales for The Price Of One (Almost)
Creators: name: Goddard, Lisa M.
name: Hurrell, James W.
name: Kirtman, Benjamin P.
name: Murphy, James
name: Stockdale, Timothy
name: Vera, Carolina
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Meteorology

description: Although differences exist between seasonal- and decadal-scale climate variability, predictability, and prediction, investment in observations, prediction systems, and decision systems for either time scale can benefit both.