cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Unconventional singlet-triplet superconductivity
Creators: name: Möckli, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Have you been lying awake wondering what symmetries determine whether a superconductor is spin singlet, triplet, or both? We show that if BCS theory is supplied with additional degrees of freedom, spin singlet can coexist with spin triplet superconductivity. In the first part, we didactically guide the reader to the most general superconducting state using symmetry arguments. If both singlet and triplet pairing channels are present, a magnetic field can convert between spin singlet and triplet states. In the second part, we discuss two possible singlet-triplet superconductors: CeRh$_2$As$_2$ and bilayer-NbSe$_2$.
description: Extended version of a conference series paper to appear in Journal of Physics: Conference Series (SCES 2020)
Searching for the full symphony of black hole binary mergers
Creators: name: Harry, Ian
name: Bustillo, Juan Calderón
name: Nitz, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Current searches for the gravitational-wave signature of compact binary mergers rely on matched-filtering data from interferometric observatories with sets of modelled gravitational waveforms. These searches currently use model waveforms that do not include the higher-order mode content of the gravitational-wave signal. Higher-order modes are important for many compact binary mergers and their omission reduces the sensitivity to such sources. In this work we explore the sensitivity loss incurred from omitting higher-order modes. We present a new method for searching for compact binary mergers using waveforms that include higher-order mode effects, and evaluate the sensitivity increase that using our new method would allow. We find that, when evaluating sensitivity at a constant rate-of-false alarm, and when including the fact that signal-consistency tests can reject some signals that include higher-order mode content, we observe a sensitivity increase of up to a factor of 2 in volume for high mass ratio, high total-mass systems. For systems with equal mass, or with total mass $\sim 50 M_{\odot}$, we see more modest sensitivity increases, $< 10\%$, which indicates that the existing search is already performing well. Our new search method is also directly applicable in searches for generic compact binaries.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures. Updating to match the published version (published in 2018)
Classification of Weyl points and nodal lines based on magnetic point groups for spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ quasiparticles
Creators: name: Knoll, Andy
name: Timm, Carsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Symmetry-protected topological semimetals are at the focus of solid-state research due to their unconventional properties, for example, regarding transport. By investigating local two-band Bloch Hamiltonians in the spin-1/2 basis for the 122 magnetic point groups, we classify twofold-degenerate band touchings such as Weyl points, robust nodal lines on axes and in mirror planes, and fragile nodal lines. We find that all magnetic point groups that lack the product of inversion and time-reversal symmetries can give rise to topologically nontrivial band touchings. Hence, such nodes are the rule rather than the exception and, moreover, do not require any complicated multiband physics. Our classification is applicable to every momentum in the Brillouin zone by considering the corresponding little group and provides a powerful tool to identify magnetic and nonmagnetic topological semimetals.
description: 25 pages, 12 figures
Molecular insights into substrate binding mechanism of undecaprenyl pyrophosphate with membrane integrated phosphatidyl glycerophosphate phosphatase B (PgpB) using Molecular Dynamics Simulation approach
Creators: name: Kesherwani, Manish
name: Devadasan Velmurugan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Undecaprenyl phosphate (C55-P) acts as carrier lipid in the synthesis of peptidoglycan, which is de novo synthesized from dephosphorylation of undecaprenyl pyrophosphate (C55-PP). The phosphatidylglycerol phosphate phosphatase B (PgpB) catalyzes the dephosphorylation of C55-PP and forms C55-P. As no structural study has been made regarding the binding of C55-PP to PgpB, in the current study, in silico molecular docking, followed by 150 ns molecular dynamics simulation of the putative binding complex in membrane/solvent environment has been performed to understand conformational dynamics. Results are compared with simulated apo form and PE inhibitor-bound form. Analysis of correlated residual fluctuation network in apo form, C55-PP bound and PE inhibitor-bound form suggests that difference in dynamic coupling between TM domain and α2 and α3 helix of periplasmic domain provides ligand binding to facilitate catalysis or to show inhibitory activity. Distance distribution in catalytic residual pair, H207-R104; H207-R201 and H207-D211 which stabilizes phosphate-enzyme intermediate shows a narrow peak in 2.4-3.6 Å in substrate-bound compared to apo form. Binding interactions and binding free energy analyses complement the partial inhibition of PE where PE has less binding free energy compared to the C55-PP substrate as well as the difference in binding interaction with catalytic pocket. Thus the present study provides how substrate binding couples the movement in TM domain and periplasmic domain which might help in the understanding of active site communication in PgpB. C55-PP phosphatase interactions with a catalytic pocket of PgpB provide new insight for designing drugs against bacterial infection.
การพัฒนาผลสัมฤทธิ์ทางการเรียน วิชา เคมี ด้วยปฏิบัติการสืบเสาะทางวิทยาศาสตร์ เรื่อง กรด - เบส โดยใช้รูปแบบการเรียนรู้แบบสืบเสาะหาความรู้ (5E) ร่วมกับ เทคนิคการเรียนรู้ร่วมกันสำหรับนักเรียนชั้นมัธยมศึกษาปีที่ 5
Creators: name: อุทิศาวดี คำจุมพล
Publisher: name: โรงเรียนพานพร้าว สำนักงานเขตพื้นที่การศึกษามัธยมศึกษาหนองคาย
Year: 2023
Subjects: ผลสัมฤทธิ์ทางการเรียนวิชาเคมี
กรด-เบส
วิธีปฏิบัติการสืบเสาะทางวิทยาศาสตร์
เทคนิค

description: วารสารครุศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏเลย, 17, 2, 49-61
Additional file 3 of Metabolome and transcriptome analysis reveals the molecular profiles underlying the ginseng response to rusty root symptoms
Creators: name: Bian, Xingbo
name: Zhao, Yan
name: Xiao, Shengyuan
name: Yang, He
name: Han, Yongzhong
name: Zhang, Lianxue
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Table S3. Gene Ontology results of all the enriched terms for the downregulated mRNAs in GRS tissues.
Risk assessment using suprema data
Creators: name: Blanchet-Scalliet, Christophette
name: Dorobantu, Diana
name: Gay, Laura
name: Maume-Deschamps, Véronique
name: Ribereau, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper proposes a stochastic approach to model temperature dynamic and study related risk measures. The dynamic of temperatures can be modelled by a mean-reverting process such as an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck one. In this study, we estimate the parameters of this process thanks to daily observed suprema of temperatures, which are the only data gathered by some weather stations. The expression of the cumulative distribution function of the supremum is obtained thanks to the law of the hitting time. The parameters are estimated by a least square method quantiles based on this function. Theoretical results, including mixing property and consistency of model parameters estimation, are provided. The parameters estimation is assessed on simulated data and performed on real ones. Numerical illustrations are given for both data. This estimation will allow us to estimate risk measures, such as the probability of heat wave and the mean duration of an heat wave.
Immunomodulatory and anticytokine therapeutic potential of three Indian spices constituents and its hyaluronic acid conjugates for prevention and post COVID-19 complications: a computational modeling approach
Creators: name: Baby, P. Nandu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Virology

description: Targeted drug delivery to SARS-CoV-2 host target proteins for preventing or blocking COVID-19 infection is making serious concern during COVID-19 pandemic and its consequent waves around the globe. People seek reliable, effective folkloric preventive medication for immediate and precautionary relief from COVID-19. These folkloric medicines were effective and saved many patients during the past COVID-19 pandemic. The current research study aims to deliver antiviral Indian spices phytocompounds and their hyaluronic acid conjugates to human host target proteins (ACE-2, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, PAR-1) of SARS-CoV-2 to inhibit virus propagation and also to regulate early clinical complications of COVID-19. Targeted drug delivery of hyaluronic acid conjugated traditional natural bioactive agent produces more effective and fewer side effects in delivering novel drugs to human host proteins of COVID-19. In silico molecular docking study of six phytocompounds from three Indian spices and standard drug atazanavir and its hyaluronic acid conjugates reveals that phytocompounds and its hyaluronic acid conjugates possess high affinity to binding pockets of SARS-CoV-2 human host targets with more binding affinity scores. Most notably HA cyclocurcumin exhibit a docking score −9.9 kcal/mol against ACE-2 (PDB ID 1R42) target protein similarly HA-Hydrazinocurcumin exhibit a docking score −9.8 kcal/mol against PAR-1 (PDB ID 3VW7). ADMET validation of phytocompounds and their hyaluronic acid conjugates reveals its best pharmacokinetic profile over standard antiviral drug especially HA cyclocurcumin conjugate possesses high HIA (86%) and good pharmacokinetic profiles. DFT analysis affirms the reason behind the higher binding affinity of hyaluronic acid conjugates of spices phytocompounds towards all screened target proteins especially HA-hydrazinocurcumin conjugate possess high softness (19.1570 eV) and low hardness (0.0522 eV) values. Finally, MD simulation of best-docked compounds against ACE-2 and PAR-1 target protein revealed that hyaluronic acid conjugates of Indian spices compounds exhibit stable RMSD values and more protein–ligand interactions during simulation than hyaluronic acid conjugates of drug atazanavir.
Rotation of polarization of light propagating through a gas of molecular super-rotors
Creators: name: Tutunnikov, Ilia
name: Steinitz, Uri
name: Gershnabel, Erez
name: Hartmann, Jean-Michel
name: Milner, Alexander A.
name: Milner, Valery
name: Averbukh, Ilya Sh.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed theoretical and experimental study of the rotation of the plane of polarization of light traveling through a gas of fast-spinning molecules. This effect is similar to the polarization drag phenomenon predicted by Fermi a century ago and it is a mechanical analog of the Faraday effect. In our experiments, molecules were spun up by an optical centrifuge and brought to the super-rotor state that retains its rotation for a relatively long time. Polarizability properties of fast-rotating molecules were analyzed considering the rotational Doppler effect and Coriolis forces. We used molecular dynamics simulations to account for intermolecular collisions. We found, both experimentally and theoretically, a nontrivial nonmonotonic time dependence of the polarization rotation angle. This time dependence reflects transfer of the angular momentum from rotating molecules to the macroscopic gas flow, which may lead to the birth of gas vortices. Moreover, we show that the long-term behavior of the polarization rotation is sensitive to the details of the intermolecular potential. Thus, the polarization drag effect appears as a novel diagnostic tool for the characterization of intermolecular interaction potentials and studies of collisional processes in gases.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures
A Codex of N- and P-positions in Harary's 'Caterpillar Game'
Creators: name: Low, R.M.
name: Kapbasov, A.
name: Kapbasov, A.
name: Locke, S.C.
name: Chan, W.H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: See the abstract in the attached pdf.
On a basic conceptual confusion in gravitational radiation theory
Creators: name: Ashtekar, Abhay
name: Bonga, Béatrice
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In much of the literature on linearized gravitational waves two completely different notions are called transverse traceless modes and labelled $h_{ab}^{TT}$, often in different sections of the same reference, without realizing the underlying inconsistency. We compare and contrast the two notions and find that the difference persists even at leading asymptotic order near future null infinity $\mathit{I}^+$. We discuss why the distinction has nonetheless remained largely unnoticed, and also point out that there are some important physical effects where only one of the notions gives the correct answer.
description: 8 pages. Some references added and minor changes made to add clarity
Molecular dynamics simulation study on the binding mechanism between carbon nanotubes and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase
Creators: name: Ma, Zhaopeng
name: Xu, Jianqiang
name: Wang, Chenchen
name: Liu, Zhicong
name: Zhu, Guanglai
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have potential prospects in disease treatment, so it is of great significance to study CNTs as the possible inhibitors of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). Through the way of using the RdRp of SARS-COV-2 as a model, five armchair single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) (namely Dn, which stands for CNTs (n, m = n), n = 3–7) and RdRp have been selected to study the interactions by means of molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation. After five SWCNT-RdRp complex systems have been subjected to the molecular dynamics simulations of 100 ns, and Molecular Mechanics Poisson − Boltzmann Surface Area (MMPBSA) has been used to calculate the binding free energy, it is found that the binding free energy of the D6 system (-189.541 kJ/mol) is significantly higher than that of the other four systems, and most of the amino acids with strong positive effects on binding are usually basic amino acids. What’s more, in the further investigation of the specific interaction mechanism between CNT (6,6) and RdRp, it is revealed that the three amino acid residues LYS545, ARG553 and ARG555 located in the nucleoside triphosphate (NTP) entry channel all have strong effects. In addition, it is also observed that when ARG555 has been inserted into SWCNT, a stable structure will be formed, which will break the original NTP entry channel structure and inhibit virus replication. Therefore, it can be concluded that certain specific types of SWCNT, such as CNT (6,6), could be potential small molecule inhibitors in the treatment of coronavirus.
Photo of RAF Edward Hawkins and His Group
Creators: name: Project Team, Their Finest Hour
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: This photo shows my cousin Edward Hawkins, who was in the Air Force. All the people who were part of his group had written their names on the back. He's in the front row, second from left. I'm not sure where this picture was taken.
What is Prana Pratistha? - explained by Hindu Acharya Dr. Sthaneshwar Timalsina
Creators: name: Timalsina, Staneshwar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Tantric philosophy
anava upaya
yantra
amnaya
Shiva
Shaiva
vimarsha-foundation
consciousness
mahadeva
Vasugupta
Sarvamnaya
tripura
Durga
Kaula
Abhinavagupta
Shiva Sutra
Kula
saivadvaita
vedanta
Mahakali
Tantra
Chandi
Kali
advaita vedanta
Bhairava
shambhava
timalsina
Spanda
Kashmir Shaivism
krama
Saundaryalahari
Tripura Rahasya
Tripurasundari
Camunda
agama
Devi Mahatmya
sarvamnaya
Guhyakālī
shakti
tantraloka
Divine Mother
sarvamnaya-oral-tradition-archive
trika
sthaneshwar timalsina
Īśāna
Mālinīvijayottaratantra
shakta upāya
Kubjika
Sadāśiva

description: Acharya Dr. Sthaneshwar Timalsina is an esteemed traditionally consecrated teacher of Shaiva-Shakta Hindu Tantra. He is also the Endowed Chair of Indic Studies in New York, U.S.A. at Stony Brook University's College of Arts & Sciences in the Department of Asian & Asian-American Studies. Acharya Sthaneshwar founded Vimarsha Foundation as a modern school (gurukula) for teaching and reflecting on the ancient wisdom of r̥ṣis and siddhas. Through Vimarsha Foundation, a non-profit organization, Acharya Sthaneshwar teaches shastra and sādhanā to students of all backgrounds. The Vimarsha Foundation hosts free semester length courses on classic texts of the Tantric Tradition and offers many more free video and written teachings. Visit our website to learn more: https://www.vimarshafoundation.org/

#rammandir #ayodhya #pranapratishtha

Original YouTube video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lnF80kBy1zA

This presentation is part of the Sarvāmnāya Oral Tradition Archive.
Vimarsha Foundation. (2025). The Sarvāmnāya Oral Tradition Archive [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15188107
Correlated disorder in myelinated axons orientational geometry and structure
Creators: name: Di Gioacchino, Michael
name: Campi, Gaetano
name: Poccia, Nicola
name: Bianconi, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: While the ultrastructure of the myelin has been considered to be a quasi-crystalline stable system, nowadays its multiscale complex dynamics appears to play a key role for its functionality, degeneration and repair processes following neurological diseases and trauma. In this work, we have investigated the axons interactions associated to the nerve functionality, measuring the spatial distribution of the orientational fluctuations of axons in a Xenopus Laevis sciatic nerve. At this aim, we have used Scanning micro X-ray Diffraction (SmXRD), a non-invasive already applied to other heterogeneous systems presenting complex geometries from microscale to nanoscale. We have found that the orientational spatial fluctuations of fresh axons show a correlated disorder described by Levy flight distribution. Thus, we have studied how this correlated disorder evolves during the degeneration of the nerve. Our results show that the spatial distribution of axons orientational fluctuations in unfresh, aged nerve loose the correlated disorder assuming a randomly disordered behaviour. This work allows a deeper understanding of nerve states and paves the way to study other materials and biomaterials with the same technique to detect and to characterize their states and supramolecular structure, associated with dynamic structural changes at the nanoscale and mesoscale.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
XRD/DFT, Hirshfeld surface analysis and molecular modelling simulations for unfolding reactivity of newly synthesized vanillin derivatives: excellent optical, NLO and protein binding efficiency
Creators: name: Mohamed, Shaaban K.
name: Ahsin, Atazaz
name: Rehman, Hafiz Muzzammel
name: Mohammed, Hayam H.
name: Mague, Joel T.
name: Al-Salahi, Rashad
name: Bakri, Youness El
name: Hussein, Bahgat R. M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer

description: New vanillin derivatives, namely, ethyl (4-formyl-2-methoxyphenoxy)acetate (2a) and 2-(4-formyl-2-methoxyphenoxy)-N-phenylacetamide (2b), respectively, were synthesized and characterized by NMR (1H and 13C), IR, mass spectra and confirmed by single-crystal X-ray analysis. Hirshfeld surface (HS) analysis was performed to probe intra- and intermolecular interactions and surface reactivity. 2D fingerprint plots (FP) were used to study the nature and percentage contribution of intermolecular interactions leading to the formation of the crystal unit. Density functional theory (DFT) simulations were used to obtain the electronic structure and reactivity of the new molecules. Natural population analysis (NPA) and frontier molecular orbital (FMO) calculations reveal significant charge transfer and a reduced HOMO-LUMO gap up to 4.34 eV for 2b. Bader’s quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) study is utilized to understand the surface topological and bonding nature of 2a and 2b. The performed molecular electrostatic potential (MESP) and density of states (DOS) study further suggest sites likely to be attractive to incoming reagents. At the same time, hyperpolarizability (βo) is used to characterize the nonlinear optical properties, and TD-DFT study shows the excitation energy and absorption behavior. In silico studies were performed, including docking, binding free energies (MMBGSA) and molecular dynamics simulations. Compounds 2a and 2b were docked with RdRp of SARS-Cov-2, and the MMBGSA for 2a and 2b were −30.70 and −28.47 kcal/mol, respectively, while MD simulation showed the stability of protein-ligand complexes.
Self-contracted curves in CAT(0)-spaces and their rectifiability
Creators: name: Ohta, Shin-ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate self-contracted curves, arising as (discrete or continuous time) gradient curves of quasi-convex functions, and their rectifiability (finiteness of the lengths) in Euclidean spaces, Hadamard manifolds and CAT(0)-spaces. In the Hadamard case, we give a quantitative refinement of the original proof of the rectifiability of bounded self-contracted curves (in general Riemannian manifolds) by Daniilidis et al. Our argument leads us to a generalization to CAT(0)-spaces satisfying several uniform estimates on their local structures. Upon these conditions, we show the rectifiability of bounded self-contracted curves in trees, books and CAT(0)-simplicial complexes.
description: 30 pages; minor revisions and updates, to appear in J. Geom. Anal
The Edge-Product Space of Phylogenetic Trees is Not Shellable
Creators: name: Stadnyk, Grace
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The edge-product space of phylogenetic trees is a regular CW complex whose maximal closed cells correspond to trivalent trees with leaves labeled by a finite set $X$. The face poset of this cell decomposition is isomorphic to the Tuffley poset, a poset of labeled forests, with a unique minimum adjoined. We show that the edge-product space of phylogenetic trees is gallery-connected. We then use combinatorial properties of the Tuffley poset and a related graph known as NNI-tree space to show that, although open intervals of the Tuffley poset were proven to be shellable by Gill, Linusson, Moulton, and Steel, the edge-product space is not shellable.
title:  Per una cultura giuridica della dignità. Alla ricerca del Santo Graal
Creators: name: Marchesiello, Michele
Publisher: name: RomaTrE-Press
Year: 2018

description: L’articolo  esamina l’evoluzione del concetto di dignità nella elaborazione della filosofia del diritto e delle carte sui diritti fondamentali.
description: Dialoghi con Guido Alpa. Un volume offerto in occasione del suo LXXI compleanno
electronic supplementary material for "Disentangling the influence of entanglement on recruitment in North Atlantic right whales"
Creators: name: Reed, Joshua
name: New, Leslie
name: Corkeron, Peter
name: Harcourt, Robert
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310399
subject: Ecology not elsewhere classified

description: ESM includes information on entanglement severity determination, description of the model, model output, code used and additional figures.
Two optimization problems in thermal insulation
Creators: name: Bucur, Dorin
name: Buttazzo, Giuseppe
name: Nitsch, Carlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49J45, 35J25, 35B06, 49R05

description: We consider two optimization problems in thermal insulation: in both cases the goal is to find a thin layer around the boundary of the thermal body which gives the best insulation. The total mass of the insulating material is prescribed.. The first problem deals with the case in which a given heat source is present, while in the second one there are no heat sources and the goal is to have the slowest decay of the temperature. In both cases an optimal distribution of the insulator around the thermal body exists; when the body has a circular symmetry, in the first case a constant heat source gives a constant thickness as the optimal solution, while surprisingly this is not the case in the second problem, where the circular symmetry of the optimal insulating layer depends on the total quantity of insulator at our disposal. A symmetry breaking occurs when this total quantity is below a certain threshold. Some numerical computations are also provided, together with a list of open questions.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, published article on Notices Amer. Math. Soc. is available at http://www.ams.org/publications/journals/notices/201708/rnoti-p830.pdf
Gravitational waves from dark matter isocurvature
Creators: name: Domènech, Guillem
name: Passaglia, Samuel
name: Renaux-Petel, Sébastien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The primordial fluctuations on large scales are adiabatic, but on smaller scales this need not be the case. Here we derive the general analytical framework to compute the stochastic gravitational wave background induced by primordial cold dark matter isocurvature fluctuations on small scales. We find that large isocurvature fluctuations can yield an observable gravitational wave signal, with a spectrum distinct from the one induced by adiabatic perturbations, and we provide for the first time the exact analytic expression of the kernel necessary to compute this signal. We then forecast the constraining power of future gravitational wave detectors on dark matter isocurvature on small scales and find they will dramatically improve on existing constraints.
description: 46 page, 9 figures; matches published version
Stochastic Conjugate Gradient Algorithm with Variance Reduction
Creators: name: Jin, Xiao-Bo
name: Zhang, Xu-Yao
name: Huang, Kaizhu
name: Geng, Guang-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Conjugate gradient (CG) methods are a class of important methods for solving linear equations and nonlinear optimization problems. In this paper, we propose a new stochastic CG algorithm with variance reduction and we prove its linear convergence with the Fletcher and Reeves method for strongly convex and smooth functions. We experimentally demonstrate that the CG with variance reduction algorithm converges faster than its counterparts for four learning models, which may be convex, nonconvex or nonsmooth. In addition, its area under the curve performance on six large-scale data sets is comparable to that of the LIBLINEAR solver for the L2-regularized L2-loss but with a significant improvement in computational efficiency
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, appeared in IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL NETWORKS AND LEARNING SYSTEMS, CGVR algorithm is available on github: https://github.com/xbjin/cgvr
Two-particle four-point correlations in dynamically disordered tight-binding networks
Creators: name: Perez-Leija, Armando
name: Leon-Montiel, Roberto de J.
name: Sperling, Jan
name: Moya-Cessa, Hector
name: Szameit, Alexander
name: Busch, Kurt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the concept of two-particle probability amplitude to derive the stochastic evolution equation for two-particle four-point correlations in tight-binding networks affected by diagonal dynamic disorder. It is predicted that in the presence of dynamic disorder, the average spatial wave function of indistinguishable particle pairs delocalizes and populates all network sites including those which are weakly coupled in the absence of disorder. Interestingly, our findings reveal that correlation elements accounting for particle indistinguishability are immune to the impact of dynamic disorder.
XDWM: A 2D Domain Wall Memory
Creators: name: Hoque, Arifa
name: Jones, Alex K.
name: Bhanja, Sanjukta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Domain-Wall Memory (DWM) structures typically bundle nanowires shifted together for parallel access. Ironically, this organization does not allow the natural shifting of DWM to realize \textit{logical shifting} within data elements. We describe a novel 2-D DWM cross-point (X-Cell) that allows two individual nanowires placed orthogonally to share the X-Cell. Each nanowire can operate independently while sharing the value at the X-Cell. Using X-Cells, we propose an orthogonal nanowire in the Y dimension overlaid on a bundle of X dimension nanowires for a cross-DWM or XDWM. We demonstrate that the bundle shifts correctly in the X-Direction, and that data can be logically shifted in the Y-direction providing novel data movement and supporting processing-in-memory. We conducted studies on the requirements for physical cell dimensions and shift currents for XDWM. Due to the non-standard domain, our micro-magnetic studies demonstrate that XDWM introduces a shift current penalty of 6.25% while shifting happens in one nanowire compared to a standard nanowire. We also demonstrate correct shifting using nanowire bundles in both the X- and Y- dimensions. Using magnetic simulation to derive the values for SPICE simulation we show the maximum leakage current between nanowires when shifting the bundle together is $\le3$% indicating that sneak paths are not problematic for XDWM.
description: in IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnology
The generalized uncertainty principle effect in acoustic black holes
Creators: name: Anacleto, M. A.
name: Brito, F. A.
name: Luna, G. C.
name: Passos, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain an effective acoustic metric with quantum corrections that are provided by a minimum length implemented by the generalized Heisenberg uncertainty principle (GUP) in the Abelian Higgs model. The effective acoustic metric now depends on the contribution of scalar and vector potentials. We also explore the Hawking radiation and entropy by considering the effective canonical acoustic black hole and find that the modified Hawking temperature leads to logarithm corrections to the entropy. Finally, we investigate the dispersion relations of the model to establish the relationships among the deviations of the group velocity, frequency and temperature due to the GUP.
description: 12 pages, no figures, version published in Annals of Physics
Negative_Energy_Density__Pulsars_and_Kerr_Rotating_Black_Holes.pdf
Creators: name: loccisano, matthew
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 510799
subject: Particle and high energy physics not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 510703
subject: Particle physics

description: This paper will explain how negative energy density, the same kind of negative energy density that is used in theoretical frameworks that explain wormholes, interact with rotating black holes in spacetime. Wormholes are particularly significant since they can be a route for time travel. As sci-fi as it seems, it is indeed a possibility, thanks to Kerr rotating black holes. Penrose process is key in understanding how negative energy density comes into play, and ergospheres in rotating black holes are also crucial. NASA data and Chandra telescope data were extracted to look at particle anomalies, which strongly suggest energy leakage and exotic matter. EHT (Event Horizon Telescope) data was also extracted, which solidifies the negative energy density argument. I will explain how this occurs using past theoretical models and real-world scientific observations. Jets, cone particles formed by hardons and other quark particles, leave the rotational black hole, from which it is produced, to create a forward force in space. Particles split, and the weaker one goes into the rotational black hole becoming negative, and the other one extracts energy from the black hole, making it exotic. These factors contribute to negative density since negative density fills the void left by the jets once they are carried away.
A Conversation Concerning The Fate of Life on Earth
Creators: name: Førde, Dr Vincent
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Climate Change, AI, Psychology, Environmentalism, Ethics, Philosophy, Systemic Functional Structures.

description: The future of life on this planet is currently unknown. Human induced climate change has been scientifically proved unequivocally for over 100 years, despite carefully planned and orchestrated disinformation campaigns spearheaded by lobbying giants whose main interest remains the preservation of immediate profit, not the preservation of life. This is perhaps the ultimate irony. Science, unfortunately, is also influenced by the elixir of ego, i.e., money, and has often been utilised in a truncated or targeted means to facilitate the continuation of the standardised paradigm of compliance to the capitalist system, itself created and maintained through fossil fuel and chemical industries. Despite overwhelming evidence that humanity is wreaking unprecedented devastation upon its singular home, millions of people remain defiant in their claims of climate conspiracy and misinformation, or simply downplay the cataclysmic levels of destruction that humanity is yielding, and what this entails for the future fate of life on Earth. Humanity has become an anomaly in the living system of the Earth's biosphere, and one that is proving fatal to the mainframe of this system, the Earth itself. The introduction of AI poses possible solutions and complications to this problem. These are explored in the form of an actual conversation between the author and ChatGPT, which yielded revelations that are both troubling and profound.
Large Diffeomorphisms and Accidental Symmetry of the Extremal Horizon
Creators: name: Porfyriadis, Achilleas P.
name: Remmen, Grant N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We uncover a symmetry of the linear Einstein equations near extremal horizons. Specifically, acting with a spherically symmetric linearized diffeomorphism on the perturbative solutions to the Einstein-Maxwell equations in the Bertotti-Robinson background, but not acting on the background itself, we find that there is a subset of such transformations under which the equations of motion remain satisfied, with or without additional matter. This represents an "accidental" symmetry in the sense that the set of transformations realizing the mapping among solutions is strictly larger than the ${\rm SL}(2)$ isometries of the background spacetime. We argue that our accidental symmetry can be thought of as an on-shell large diffeomorphism of ${\rm AdS}_2$, which we support in the context of Jackiw-Teitelboim theory.
description: 20 pages
Angiogenic and inflammatory biomarkers for screening and follow-up in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension
Creators: name: D Kylhammar
name: R Hesselstrand
name: S Nielsen
name: C Scheele
name: G Rådegran
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Objective: To identify circulating angiogenic and inflammatory biomarkers with potential in screening for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in systemic sclerosis (SSc), and in early diagnosis and determination of treatment response in PAH. Method: Plasma samples were taken at the time of PAH diagnosis and at treatment follow-up after a median (interquartile range) of 4 months (3–9.8 months) in idiopathic (n = 9) and SSc-associated PAH (n = 11). In patients with SSc-associated PAH, plasma samples had also been gathered a median of 2 years (0.8–3 years) before PAH diagnosis (n = 10). Additional plasma samples were retrieved at two time-points separated by a median of 12 years (10–13 years) from SSc patients who did not develop PAH (n = 10) and from controls (n = 8). Angiogenic and inflammatory biomarkers were analysed by multiplex immunoassays. Results: Plasma levels of placenta growth factor (PlGF), soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (sVEGFR-1), and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were higher (p Conclusions: Plasma levels of PlGF, sVEGFR-1, TNF-α, and VEGF-D have potential in screening for SSc-associated PAH. Plasma sVEGFR-1 may be a biomarker of treatment response.
The correlations of multi-wave band luminosity and BLR luminosity in Fermi 2LAC blazars
Creators: name: Wang, Zerui
name: Xue, Rui
name: Xie, Zhaohua
name: Du, Leiming
name: Yi, Tingfeng
name: Xu, Yunbing
name: Liu, Wenguang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We collect a sample of 78 Fermi detected blazars with broad line region (BLR) data and the quasi-simultaneous multi-wave band data. By analyzing the sample, we find: (1) For whole blazar sample, there exist significant correlations between radio, $γ$-ray luminosity and BLR luminosity. The slope of the best-fit linear regression equation is close to the theoretical value 1. Our results provided another support of jet-disk symbiosis. (2) For FSRQ sample, we find a significant correlation between radio luminosity and optical luminosity, and weaker correlations between X-ray luminosity and radio, optical luminosity. It indicates that the X-ray band radiation mechanism is slightly different from radio and optical bands. The X-ray emission is diluted by inverse Compton scattering (IC). There is a significant correlation between BLR luminosity and $γ$-ray luminosity, but no correlations between X-ray luminosity and BLR, $γ$-ray luminosity, which suggests that the seed soft photons are different for IC process. From these results we suggest that the X-ray band emission is diluted by synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) process, $γ$-ray band emission is produced by external Compton (EC) process.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure, accepted for publication in Ap&SS
ROSETA Pilot Trial Process Evaluation
Creators: name: Green, Sophie
name: Smith, Samuel
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: The ROSETA programme aims to develop and optimise a complex behavioural intervention to support women with breast cancer to adhere to adjuvant endocrine therapy. A pilot trial, recruiting 80 women with breast cancer across five UK NHS sites, is assessing the feasibility of undertaking a larger optimisation trial. Participants are randomised to receive a combination of four intervention components (SMS messages, an information leaflet, acceptance and commitment therapy and a side-effect self-management website). The pilot trial will include a process evaluation with three aims: 1. To assess the fidelity of the four intervention components 2. To assess the acceptability of the four intervention components 3. To assess participant trial experience and barriers and facilitators to recruitment and retention. Principal Investigator: Dr Samuel Smith, University of Leeds ISRCTN: 10487576, 16/12/2021, https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN10487576
My grandfather returning home for Christmas in 1945
Creators: name: Project Team, Their Finest Hour
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: This family story is about my auntie on my mother's side, Jill Martin, who was about 3-and-a-half years old at the time. During the war, my grandfather signed up in 1940 and joined the Royal Artillery. All of his time was spent in the tropics - Kenya and Burma, and I know that he departed from Bombay on 19 November 1945. He came home to 99 Kitchener Road, Strood, at Christmas 1945 and he didn't have to knock on the door as my grandmother heard his big kit bag drop on the floor outside. The story goes that they weren't going to be allowed home for Christmas, but my granddad was a Sergeant, and he became aware that there was a lot of unrest because they weren't being granted leave. Something happened and they were officially allowed to come home for Christmas.In the morning, my Auntie Jill went into her mother's bedroom and found the man in her mother's bed. She didn't recognise her father because he was heavily tanned from spending time in the tropics, although she said goodnight to his photograph every night when she went to bed. My granddad sat up in bed and said hello. Jill was scared and hid behind the bedroom door. Her mother told Jill that it was her daddy, and she said, 'that's not my daddy - that's a black man'.He brought lots of sweets home that he got in the NAAFI and asked one of the older children to get them from downstairs, which encouraged Jill to come out from behind the bedroom door. Granddad went back to his barracks after Christmas, before being demobbed in April 1946.
D4.1 - Lake Ice Service Readiness Report
Creators: name: Heinilä, Kirsikka
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Lake Ice Service for Arctic Climate and Safety is one of the eight pilot services of the Arctic PASSION project. The purpose of the Lake Ice Service Readiness Report is to describe the current status of the Lake Ice Service as well as the future steps towards the expanded service.

The Lake Ice Service collects lake ice information from multiple sources and visualizes the information in a format that is easy to access and understand. This information will be exploited by citizens and local communities as well as for scientific purposes. Lake ice is sensitive to intra-annual temperature fluctuations and long-term temperature trends. Climate change will likely have dramatic impacts on lake ice phenology in Arctic regions. Beside the climate change aspect, lake ice data are important regarding transport, arctic livelihood, and safety issues. Additionally, lake ice affects water quality, the lake ecology and local weather by reducing the energy exchange between water and the atmosphere. In the framework of Arctic PASSION, the first version of the Lake Ice Service is implemented in SYKE’s TARKKA+ service. This service will be further extended to cover more features to be exploited by the users. The predecessor of TARKKA+ is TARKKA, where part of the service features was developed and will be further transferred to TARKKA+.

Arctic PASSION is an innovative pan-Arctic Observation and Monitoring action that rises to the challenges of climate change facing the people living and working in the Arctic, and to European society at large. The purpose of Arctic PASSION is co-creation and implementation of a coherent, integrated Arctic observing system. This will be achieved by refining its operability, improving and extending pan-Arctic scientific and community-based monitoring systems and services, streamlining the access and interoperability of Arctic Data systems, and crucially ensuring the economic viability and sustainability of the observing system for years to come. The Arctic PASSION project is described in more detail in the project website https://arcticpassion.eu/.
Anomalous Transient Heat Conduction in Fractal Metamaterials
Creators: name: Lin, Wuxi
name: Huang, Shengpeng
name: Ren, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transient dynamics of heat conduction in isotropic fractal metamaterials is investigated. By using the Laplacian operator in non-integer dimension, we analytically and numerically study the effect of fractal dimensionality on the evolution of the temperature profile, heat flux and excess energy under certain initial and boundary conditions. Particularly, with randomly distributed absorbing heat sinks in the fractal metamaterials, we obtain an anomalous non-exponential decay behavior of the heat pulse diffusion. and an optimal dimension for efficient heat absorption as a function of sink concentrations. Our results may have potential applications in controlling transient heat conduction in fractal media, which will be ubiquitous as porous, composite, networked, hierarchical meta-materials.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, published in ES Energy Environ. 7, 56-64 (2020), and can be found in http://www.espublisher.com/journals/articledetails/238/