cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Designing Experiments: Student Learning Experience and Behaviour in Undergraduate Physics Laboratories
Creators: name: Cai, Bei
name: Mainhood, Lindsay A.
name: Groome, Ryan
name: Laverty, Corinne
name: McLean, Alastair
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated physics students' learning experience and behaviour in a second-year laboratory by analyzing transcribed audio recordings of laboratory sessions. One student group was given both a problem and procedure and asked to analyze and explain their results. Another was provided with only the problem and asked to design and execute the experiment, interpret the data, and draw conclusions. These two approaches involved different levels of student inquiry and they have been described as guided and open inquiry respectively. The latter gave students more opportunities to practice "designing experiments," one of the six major learning outcomes in the recommendations for the undergraduate physics laboratory curriculum by the American Association of Physics Teachers (AAPT). Qualitative analysis was performed of the audio transcripts to identify emergent themes and it was augmented by quantitative analysis for a richer understanding of students' experiences. An important finding is that significant improvements can be made to undergraduate laboratories impacting both student learning experience and behaviour by increasing the level of inquiry in laboratory experiments. This is most easily achieved by requiring students to design their own experimental procedures.
description: 16 pages and 2 figures. Paper is being reviewed by Physical Review Physics Education Research
Wet Granular Materials
Creators: name: Mitarai, Namiko
name: Nori, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most studies on granular physics have focused on dry granular media, with no liquids between the grains. However, in geology and many real world applications (e.g., food processing, pharmaceuticals, ceramics, civil engineering, constructions, and many industrial applications), liquid is present between the grains. This produces inter-grain cohesion and drastically modifies the mechanical properties of the granular media (e.g., the surface angle can be larger than 90 degrees). Here we present a review of the mechanical properties of wet granular media, with particular emphasis on the effect of cohesion. We also list several open problems that might motivate future studies in this exciting but mostly unexplored field.
description: review article, accepted for publication in Advances in Physics; tex-style changed
The first broadband X-ray view of the narrow line Seyfert 1 Ton S180
Creators: name: Matzeu, G. A.
name: Nardini, E.
name: Parker, M. L.
name: Reeves, J. N.
name: Braito, V.
name: Porquet, D.
name: Middei, R.
name: Kammoun, E.
name: Lusso, E.
name: Alston, W. N.
name: Giustini, M.
name: Lobban, A. P.
name: Joyce, A. M.
name: Igo, Z.
name: Ebrero, J.
name: Ballo, L.
name: Santos-Lleó, M.
name: Schartel, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present joint \textit{XMM-Newton} and \textit{NuSTAR} observations of the `bare' narrow line Seyfert 1 Ton S180 ($z=0.062$), carried out in 2016 and providing the first hard X-ray view of this luminous galaxy. We find that the 0.4--30 keV band cannot be self-consistently reproduced by relativistic reflection models, which fail to account simultaneously for the soft and hard X-ray emission. The smooth soft excess prefers extreme blurring parameters, confirmed by the nearly featureless nature of the RGS spectrum, while the moderately broad Fe K line and the modest hard excess above 10 keV appear to arise in a milder gravity regime. By allowing a different origin of the soft excess, the broadband X-ray spectrum and overall spectral energy distribution (SED) are well explained by a combination of: (a) direct thermal emission from the accretion disc, dominating from the optical to the far/extreme UV; (b) Comptonization of seed disc photons by a warm ($kT_{\rm e}\sim0.3$ keV) and optically thick ($τ\sim10$) corona, mostly contributing to the soft X-rays; (c) Comptonization by a standard hot ($kT_{\rm e} \gtrsim 100$ keV) and optically thin ($τ<0.5$) corona, responsible for the primary X-ray continuum; and (d) reflection from the mid/outer part of the disc. The two coronae are suggested to be rather compact, with $R_{\rm hot} \lesssim R_{\rm warm} \lesssim 10$ R$_{\rm g}$. Our SED analysis implies that Ton S180 accretes at super-Eddington rates. This is a key condition for the launch of a wind, marginal (i.e., 3.1$σ$ significance) evidence of which is indeed found in the RGS spectrum.
description: 20 pages, 12 figures. Accepted for publication MNRAS
Models of class II methanol masers based on improved molecular data
Creators: name: Cragg, D. M.
name: Sobolev, A. M.
name: Godfrey, P. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The class II masers of methanol are associated with the early stages of formation of high-mass stars. Modelling of these dense, dusty environments has demonstrated that pumping by infrared radiation can account for the observed masers. Collisions with other molecules in the ambient gas also play a significant role, but have not been well modelled in the past. Here we examine the effects on the maser models of newly available collision rate coefficients for methanol. The new collision data does not alter which transitions become masers in the models, but does influence their brightness and the conditions under which they switch on and off. At gas temperatures above 100 K the effects are broadly consistent with a reduction in the overall collision cross-section. This means, for example, that a slightly higher gas density than identified previously can account for most of the observed masers in W3(OH). We have also examined the effects of including more excited state energy levels in the models, and find that these play a significant role only at dust temperatures above 300 K. An updated list of class II methanol maser candidates is presented.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Effects of Media Coverage on Demand
Creators: name: Dierks, Leef H.
name: Dierks, Leef H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: food safety
subject: media coverage
subject: risk perception
subject: consumer behaviour

description: Food safety crises usually receive widespread publicity and an extensive media coverage which evidently is mainly negative. Based on previous research, the purpose of this article is to illustrate the impact of positive and negative food safety information on demand both in the short and long term. Apparently, asymmetric effects of media coverage provoke a shift in the consumers' perception of risk and, in a subsequent step, their reactions. This cycle shall be investigated and explained in detail since it improves the prospects for a prediction of consumers' reactions to food safety crises. Results will contribute to the European Commission's research project Food Risk Communication and Consumers' Trust in the Food Supply Chain - TRUST.
Free-form Modeling with Physical Constraint Optimization: Exploration of a Design Space
Creators: name: Le, Qiqin
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 120199 Architecture not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: For decades, researchers are devoted to creating computer-aided design(CAD) tools that help users gain a more precise and intuitive control over the free- form virtual models. Many efforts have been done in the industry and aca- demics to integrate physical simulation methods with various existing CAD systems to open new possibilities of creation to the users. Amongst these methods, constraint-based simulation is gaining importance in recent years because it is robust and fast and easy to implement. This thesis introduces a novel design pipeline that allows the users to interfere the process of con- straint optimization which is used to be a black box to the users, thus widen- ing the scope of explorable design space of the traditional pipeline.
Angular power spectrum of the FastICA CMB component from BEAST data
Creators: name: Donzelli, S.
name: Maino, D.
name: Bersanelli, M.
name: Childers, J.
name: Figueiredo, N.
name: Lubin, P. M.
name: Meinhold, P. R.
name: O'Dwyer, I. J.
name: Seiffert, M. D.
name: Villela, T.
name: Wandelt, B. D.
name: Wuensche, C. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the angular power spectrum of the CMB component extracted with FastICA from the Background Emission Anisotropy Scanning Telescope (BEAST) data. BEAST is a 2.2 meter off-axis telescope with a focal plane comprising 8 elements at Q (38-45 GHz) and Ka (26-36 GHz) bands. It operates from the UC White Mountain Research Station at an altitude of 3800 meters. The BEAST CMB angular power spectrum has been already calculated by O'Dwyer et.al. using only the Q band data. With two input channels FastICA returns two possible independent components. We found that one of these two has an unphysical spectral behaviour while the other is a reasonable CMB component. After a detailed calibration procedure based on Monte-Carlo (MC) simulations we extracted the angular power spectrum for the identified CMB component and found a very good agreement with the already published BEAST CMB angular power spectrum and with the WMAP data.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
FARM SIZE AND THE DETERMINANTS OF PRODUCTIVE EFFICIENCY IN THE BRAZILIAN CENTER-WEST
Creators: name: Helfand, Steven M.
name: Helfand, Steven M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Industrial Organization
Productivity Analysis

description: This paper explores the determinants of technical efficiency, and the relationship between farm size and efficiency, in the Center-West of Brazil. This is the region where agricultural production and total factor productivity have grown the fastest since 1970. It is also a region characterized by unusually large farms. Technical efficiency is studied with Data Envelopment Analysis and county level data disaggregated by farm size and type of land tenure. The efficiency measure is regressed on a set of explanatory variables which includes farm size, type of land tenure, composition of output, access to institutions, and indicators of technology and input usage. The relationship between farm size and efficiency is found to be non-linear, with productivity first falling and then rising with size. Access to institutions, credit, and modern inputs are found to be important determinants of the differences in efficiency across farms. Improved access could strengthen the efficiency advantage of small and medium farms.
Agent inactivity in the Evolutionary Minority Game
Creators: name: Mitton, Michael D.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In this work I have developed a model, based on the Evolutionary Minority Game (EMG), to examine the effect of agent inactivity within a group of agents competing for a limited resource, but governed by both supply-and-demand and a minority rule. The structure of the inactivity mechanism has been modeled after the strategy preference parameter, p, of the EMG. A parameter has also been introduced that models, in a very simple way, the effect of inflation on the system in order to motivate the agents to play the game. The behaviour of the model has been examined with the use of numerical simulations over its entire phase space. The results focus on two aspects of the model: 1. how an agent's performance depends on his activity level; and 2. how the properties of the EMG are affected when agents are given the option of not playing the game. Results of these simulations demonstrate that an agent's performance is strongly dependent on his level of activity. Specifically, it has been shown that an agent's optimal level of activity is dependent on his strategy preference and, moreover, that this optimal activity level undergoes a first-order transition from a phase of optimal inactivity to a phase of optimal activity as the inflationary force is increased. Even though an agent's activity decision has been modeled as a process independent of his decision to "buy" or "sell" during a given round, results of simulations indicate that correlations between the two decisions have emerged from the collective dynamics of the group. A theory of the model has also been developed. The formulation of the theory is based on a mean-field approach in which the actions of a single agent are considered within a background field produced by the remainder of the group. It has been found that the results of the theory agree with those of the numerical simulations very well and appear to become exact in the thermodynamic limit. Furthermore, the discrepancy between theory and simulation at finite N indicate a possible breakdown of the non-local nature of the inter-agent interactions built-in to the model.
TESTING FOR EFFICIENCY: A POLICY ANALYSIS WITH PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTIONS
Creators: name: Salhofer, Klaus
name: Schmid, Erwin
name: Streicher, Gerhard
name: Schneider, Friedrich
name: Salhofer, Klaus
name: Schmid, Erwin
name: Streicher, Gerhard
name: Schneider, Friedrich
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: agricultural policy
subject: efficient combination of policy instruments
subject: statistical policy analysis

description: The study evaluates the efficiency of government intervention using a vertical structured model including imperfectly competitive agricultural input markets, the bread grain market, and the imperfectly competitive food industry. To test for policy efficiency the actually observed bread grain policy is compared to a hypothetical efficient policy. To account for the sensitivity of the results in regard to the model parameter values computer-intensive simulation procedures and surface response functions are utilized.
Brackett-$γ$ as a Gold-standard Test of Star Formation Rates Derived from SED Fitting
Creators: name: Pasha, Imad
name: Leja, Joel
name: van Dokkum, Pieter G.
name: Conroy, Charlie
name: Johnson, Benjamin D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a local reference sample of 21 galaxies, we compare observations of the $λ$2.16 $μ$m Brackett-$γ$ (Br$γ$) hydrogen recombination line with predictions from the Prospector Bayesian inference framework, which was used to fit the broadband photometry of these systems. This is a clean test of the spectral-energy-distribution-derived star formation rates (SFRs), as dust is expected to be optically thin at this wavelength in nearly all galaxies; thus, the internal conversion of SFR to predicted line luminosity does not depend strongly on the adopted dust model and posterior dust parameters, as is the case for shorter-wavelength lines such as H$α$. We find that Prospector predicts Br$γ$ luminosities and equivalent widths with small offsets ($\sim$0.05 dex), and scatter ($\sim$0.2 dex), consistent with measurement uncertainties, though we caution that the derived offset is dependent on the choice of stellar isochrones. We demonstrate that even when the Prospector-derived dust attenuation does not well describe, e.g., H$α$ line properties or observed reddening between H$α$ and Br$γ$, the underlying SFRs are accurate, as verified by the dust-free Br$γ$ comparison. Finally, we discuss in what ways Br$γ$ might be able to help constrain model parameters when treated as an input to the model, and comment on its potential as an accurate monochromatic SFR indicator in the era of JWST multiobject near-IR spectroscopy.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables. Version accepted in ApJ
Nonequilibrium pattern formation in chiral Langmuir monolayers with transmembrane flows
Creators: name: Shibata, Tatsuo
name: Mikhailov, Alexander S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonequilibrium Langmuir monolayers including a fraction of chiral molecules and subject to transmembrane flow are considered. The flow induces coherent collective precession of chiral molecules. Our theoretical study shows that splay interactions in this system lead to spatial redistribution of chiral molecules and formation of spiral waves and target patterns observed in experiments.
Spectral Properties of Black Holes in Gamma Rays
Creators: name: Chakrabarti, Sandip K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Black holes are the most compact objects in the universe. Therefore, matter accreting onto is likely to radiate photons of energy comparable to very high gravitational potential energy. We discuss the nature of the emitted radiation in X-rays and gamma-rays from black hole candidates. We present theoretical solutions which comprise both Keplerian and sub-Keplerian components and suggest that shocks in accretion and outflows
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, Astronomy and Space Science (in press), Proceedings of the Hong Kong Conference (2004) Edited by Cheng and Romero
IS INCREASED INSTABILITY IN CEREAL PRODUCTION IN ETHIOPIA CAUSED BY POLICY CHANGES?
Creators: name: Alemu, Zerihun Gudeta
name: Oosthuizen, Klopper
name: Van Schalkwyk, Herman D.
name: Alemu, Zerihun Gudeta
name: Oosthuizen, Klopper
name: Van Schalkwyk, Herman D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Cereals
subject: detrending
subject: differencing
subject: production instability
subject: variance decomposition
subject: Ethiopia.

description: In Ethiopia, growth in cereal production is accompanied by a more than proportionate increase in the standard deviation of production. This study applies descriptive and variance decomposition procedures to determine the sources of increased instability in cereal production in order to show whether they are caused by policy changes. It was found that production instability was caused more by increased yield instability. Considering the fact that use of high-powered inputs is limited to a small number of farmers, production is at subsistence level and that farmers' responsiveness to policy changes is constrained by infrastructural and institutional constraints and by the existing land policy, instability in yield is predominantly attributed to weather variability.
Is deep learning necessary for simple classification tasks?
Creators: name: Romano, Joseph D.
name: Le, Trang T.
name: Fu, Weixuan
name: Moore, Jason H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.5.2

description: Automated machine learning (AutoML) and deep learning (DL) are two cutting-edge paradigms used to solve a myriad of inductive learning tasks. In spite of their successes, little guidance exists for when to choose one approach over the other in the context of specific real-world problems. Furthermore, relatively few tools exist that allow the integration of both AutoML and DL in the same analysis to yield results combining both of their strengths. Here, we seek to address both of these issues, by (1.) providing a head-to-head comparison of AutoML and DL in the context of binary classification on 6 well-characterized public datasets, and (2.) evaluating a new tool for genetic programming-based AutoML that incorporates deep estimators. Our observations suggest that AutoML outperforms simple DL classifiers when trained on similar datasets for binary classification but integrating DL into AutoML improves classification performance even further. However, the substantial time needed to train AutoML+DL pipelines will likely outweigh performance advantages in many applications.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables
The sky distribution of positronium annihilation continuum emission measured with SPI/INTEGRAL
Creators: name: Weidenspointner, G.
name: Shrader, C. R.
name: Knoedlseder, J.
name: Jean, P.
name: Lonjou, V.
name: Guessoum, N.
name: Diehl, R.
name: Gillard, W.
name: Harris, M. J.
name: Skinner, G. K.
name: von Ballmoos, P.
name: Vedrenne, G.
name: Roques, J. -P.
name: Schanne, S.
name: Sizun, P.
name: Teegarden, B. J.
name: Schoenfelder, V.
name: Winkler, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a measurement of the sky distribution of positronium (Ps) annihilation continuum emission obtained with the SPI spectrometer on board ESA's INTEGRAL observatory. The only sky region from which significant Ps continuum emission is detected is the Galactic bulge. The Ps continuum emission is circularly symmetric about the Galactic centre, with an extension of about 8 deg FWHM. Within measurement uncertainties, the sky distribution of the Ps continuum emission is consistent with that found by us for the 511 keV electron-positron annihilation line using SPI. Assuming that 511 keV line and Ps continuum emission follow the same spatial distribution, we derive a Ps fraction of 0.92 +/- 0.09. These results strengthen our conclusions regarding the origin of positrons in our Galaxy based on observations of the 511 keV line. In particular, they suggest that the main source of Galactic positrons is associated with an old stellar population, such as Type Ia supernovae, classical novae, or low-mass X-ray binaries. Light dark matter is a possible alternative source of positrons.
description: accepted for publication by A&A
Calculating the primary Lund Jet Plane density
Creators: name: Lifson, Andrew
name: Salam, Gavin P.
name: Soyez, Gregory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Lund-jet plane has recently been proposed as a powerful jet substructure tool with a broad range of applications. In this paper, we provide an all-order single logarithmic calculation of the primary Lund-plane density in Quantum Chromodynamics, including contributions from the running of the coupling, collinear effects for the leading parton, and soft logarithms that account for large-angle and clustering effects. We also identify a new source of clustering logarithms close to the boundary of the jet, deferring their resummation to future work. We then match our all-order results to exact next-to-leading order predictions. For phenomenological applications, we supplement our perturbative calculation with a Monte Carlo estimate of non-perturbative corrections. The precision of our final predictions for the Lund-plane density is 5-7% at high transverse momenta, worsening to about 20% at the lower edge of the perturbative region, corresponding to transverse momenta of about 5 GeV. We compare our results to a recent measurement by the ATLAS collaboration at the Large-Hadron Collider, revealing good agreement across the perturbative domain, i.e. down to about 5 GeV.
description: 44 pages, 17 figures
53. The scientific case for Gaia in 2000
Creators: name: Perryman, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: With the steady flow of scientific results now coming from the Gaia satellite, I look back at the mission's scientific case, prepared during the period 1997–2000. This formed part of the Concept & Technology Study Report, which was used as the basis for ESA's advisory structure's selection of the mission in 2000.
Color Non-Singlet Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Jaffe, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Study of the spectrum and structure of color non-singlet combinations of quarks and antiquarks, neutralized by a non-dynamical compensating color source, may provide an interesting way to address questions about QCD that cannot be addressed by experiment at the present time. These states can be simulated in lattice QCD and the results can be used to improve phenomenological models of hadrons. Here these ideas are applied to color triplet states of qqqq and qq bar q.
description: References added and typos corrected
Morphological Variation in a Toroid Generated from a Single Polymer Chain
Creators: name: Takenaka, Y.
name: Yoshikawa, Y.
name: Koyama, Y.
name: Kanbe, T.
name: Yoshikawa, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A single semiflexible polymer chain folds into a toroidal object under poor solvent conditions. In this study, we examined the morphological change in such a toroidal state as a function of the width and stiffness of the chain together with the surface energy, which characterizes the segmental interaction parameter. Changes in the thickness and outer/inner radius are interpreted in terms of these parameters. Our theoretical expectation corresponds to the actual morphological changes in a single giant DNA molecule as observed by electron microscopy.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures
Hairy black holes by gravitational decoupling
Creators: name: Ovalle, J.
name: Casadio, R.
name: Contreras, E.
name: Sotomayor, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Black holes with hair represented by generic fields surrounding the central source of the vacuum Schwarzschild metric are examined under the minimal set of requirements consisting of i) the existence of a well defined event horizon and ii) the strong or dominant energy condition for the hair outside the horizon. We develop our analysis by means of the gravitational decoupling approach. We find that trivial deformations of the seed Schwarzschild vacuum preserve the energy conditions and provide a new mechanism to evade the no-hair theorem based on a primary hair associated with the charge generating these transformations. Under the above conditions i) and ii), this charge consistently increases the entropy from the minimum value given by the Schwarzschild geometry. As a direct application, we find a non-trivial extension of the Reissner-Nordstrom black hole showing a surprisingly simple horizon. Finally, the non-linear electrodynamics generating this new solution is fully specified.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Identification of Shocks in the Spectra from Black Holes
Creators: name: Mandal, Samir
name: Chakrabarti, Sandip K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the spectral properties of a low angular momentum flow as a function of the shock strength, compression ratio, accretion rate and flow geometry. In the absence of a satisfactory description of magnetic fields inside the advective disk, we consider the presence of only stochastic fields and use the ratio of the field energy to the gravitational energy density as a parameter. We not only include `conventional' synchrotron emission and Comptonization by Maxwell-Bolzmann electrons in the gas, but we also compute these effects due to power-law electrons. For strong shocks, a bump is produced due to the post-shock flow. A power-law spectral components due to the thermal and non-thermal electrons appear after this bump.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, Astronomy and Space Science (in press), Proceedings of the Hong Kong Conference (2004) Edited by Cheng and Romero
V.E.P Virtual Exhibition Portal for INTRO 2018 Graduate Exhibition
Creators: name: Cayabyab, Karlo
name: Mead, Leanne
Publisher: name: Torrens University Australia
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 80111 Virtual Reality and Related Simulation
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 120106 Interior Design
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: Graduate exhibition showcasing students' work utilising virtual reality and augmented reality to create a sense of community for online students.
EU ENLARGEMENT - A NEW DIMENSION
Creators: name: Brockmeier, Martina
name: Herok, Claudia Anna
name: Ledebur, Oliver Von
name: Salamon, Petra
name: Brockmeier, Martina
name: Herok, Claudia Anna
name: Ledebur, Oliver Von
name: Salamon, Petra
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Political Economy
subject: EU enlargement
subject: Common Agricultural Policy
subject: EU budget
subject: GE-modeling

description: Enlarging the EU presents a tremendous effort with obstacles for old and new member states especially in the agricultural sector. In this paper, impacts of a new accession round were analyzed with the help of the comparative-static general equilibrium model GTAP (Global Trade Analysis Project). The standard version was extended to allow for a better representation of specific instruments of the Common Agriculture Policy and the EU budget. To capture detailed effects in new member states, simulations were carried out for 12 candidate countries, the EU-15 and the rest of the world. As for products the focus lies on agriculture. Scenarios include an enlargement with and without the transfer of direct payments in the new member states, according to the proposal of the EU commission from January 2002. Simulations in a post-Agenda 2000 environment led to heterogeneous country specific impacts in the accession countries whereas the changes within EU-15 and the rest of the world were negligible. Due to adjustments in tariffs, trade balances of the new member states were deteriorating while welfare effects are positive. Transfer of direct payments led to more pronounced effects, especially with regard to output and trade. Without direct payments accession countries would be net contributors to the EU budget. This would change when they become eligible for this subsidy. In general, the analysis shows the importance of a country specific perspective.
A Floquet perturbation theory for periodically driven weakly-interacting fermions
Creators: name: Ghosh, Roopayan
name: Mukherjee, Bhaskar
name: Sengupta, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the Floquet Hamiltonian $H_F$ for weakly interacting fermions subjected to a continuous periodic drive using a Floquet perturbation theory (FPT) with the interaction amplitude being the perturbation parameter. This allows us to address the dynamics of the system at intermediate drive frequencies $\hbar ω_D \ge V_0 \ll {\mathcal J}_0$, where ${\mathcal J}_0$ is the amplitude of the kinetic term, $ω_D$ is the drive frequency, and $V_0$ is the typical interaction strength between the fermions. We compute, for random initial states, the fidelity $F$ between wavefunctions after a drive cycle obtained using $H_F$ and that obtained using exact diagonalization (ED). We find that FPT yields a substantially larger value of $F$ compared to its Magnus counterpart for $V_0\le \hbar ω_D$ and $V_0\ll {\mathcal J}_0$. We use the $H_F$ obtained to study the nature of the steady state of an weakly interacting fermion chain; we find a wide range of $ω_D$ which leads to subthermal or superthermal steady states for finite chains. The driven fermionic chain displays perfect dynamical localization for $V_0=0$; we address the fate of this dynamical localization in the steady state of a finite interacting chain and show that there is a crossover between localized and delocalized steady states. We discuss the implication of our results for thermodynamically large chains and chart out experiments which can test our theory.
description: 11 pages,8 figures
Merging Galaxies in Goods-s: First Extragalactic Results from Keck Laser Adaptive Optics
Creators: name: Melbourne, J.
name: Wright, S. A.
name: Barczys, M.
name: Bouchez, A. H.
name: Chin, J.
name: van Dam, M. A.
name: Hartman, S.
name: Johansson, E.
name: Koo, D. C.
name: Lafon, R.
name: Larkin, J.
name: Mignant, D. Le
name: Lotz, J.
name: Max, C. E.
name: Pennington, D. M.
name: Stomski, P. J.
name: Summers, D.
name: Wizinowich, P. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Center for Adaptive Optics Treasury Survey (CATS) aims to combine deep HST images in the optical with deep Keck adaptive optics (AO) data in the near-infrared (NIR) to study distant galaxies, AGN, and supernovae. We recently achieved an important new milestone by securing the first Keck laser guide star AO image of faint galaxies. Six galaxies with redshifts ranging from 0.3-1.0 were targeted in one pointing in the GOODS-S field. Two are Chandra Deep Field South sources, XID-56 and XID-536, with complex morphologies suggestive of recent merger activity. Substructures seen in the NIR AO image (FWHM ~ 0.1"), including multiple tight knots in XID-56 and a double nucleus in XID-536, are confirmed in the optical HST images. These structures are unresolved in the best seeing-limited (FWHM ~ 0.5") NIR images. Stellar population synthesis models of the substructures indicate that XID-56 is a gas rich merger with a recent burst of star formation and significant amounts of dust. XID-536 appears to be a merger of two evolved stellar populations.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, accepted ApJL 2005
TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY OF POLISH FARMS: ESTIMATION ACCORDING TO SPECIALISATION AND LESSONS FROM CONFIDENCE INTERVALS
Creators: name: Latruffe, Laure
name: Balcombe, Kelvin George
name: Davidova, Sophia
name: Zawalinska, Katarzyna
name: Latruffe, Laure
name: Balcombe, Kelvin George
name: Davidova, Sophia
name: Zawalinska, Katarzyna
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Productivity Analysis

description: The technical and scale efficiency of Polish farms is analysed, using Data Envelopment Analysis. Efficiency differences are measured according to farm specialisation, in crop or livestock, at two points in time during transition, 1996 and 2000. The statistical variability of efficiency estimates is investigated. The efficiency results are reviewed in the light of confidence intervals provided by bootstrapping and of a summary measure introduced in this study 'the coefficient of separation'. The inference analysis suggests that farms might be less efficient than revealed by the point estimates alone, and that they might not be clearly different from each other.
Two-loop QED Corrections to Bhabha Scattering
Creators: name: Bonciani, R.
name: Ferroglia, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent developments in the calculation of the NNLO corrections to the Bhabha scattering differential cross section in pure QED are briefly reviewed and discussed.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, to appear in the proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Radiative Corrections (RADCOR05), Shonan Village, Japan, 2005
One dimensional Coulomb-like problem in deformed space with minimal length
Creators: name: Fityo, T. V.
name: Vakarchuk, I. O.
name: Tkachuk, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectrum and eigenfunctions in the momentum representation for 1D Coulomb potential with deformed Heisenberg algebra leading to minimal length are found exactly. It is shown that correction due to the deformation is proportional to square root of the deformation parameter. We obtain the same spectrum using Bohr-Sommerfeld quantization condition.
description: 11 pages, typos corrected, references added
54. Animations, stereos and fly-throughs
Creators: name: Perryman, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: It is a challenge to explain the scientific importance of astrometry to a wider public. But the measurement of stellar distances and space motions in the vast quantities and accuracies provided by Gaia, is yielding compelling animations, stereo images, and fly-throughs of  our Galaxy. I provide some examples.
Crossed Module Bundle Gerbes; Classification, String Group and Differential Geometry
Creators: name: Jurco, Branislav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss nonabelian bundle gerbes and their differential geometry using simplicial methods. Associated to any crossed module there is a simplicial group NC, the nerve of the 1-category defined by the crossed module and its geometric realization |NC|. Equivalence classes of principal bundles with structure group |NC| are shown to be one-to-one with stable equivalence classes of what we call crossed module gerbes bundle gerbes. We can also associate to a crossed module a 2-category C'. Then there are two equivalent ways how to view classifying spaces of NC-bundles and hence of |NC|-bundles and crossed module bundle gerbes. We can either apply the W-construction to NC or take the nerve of the 2-category C'. We discuss the string group and string structures from this point of view. Also a simplicial principal bundle can be equipped with a simplicial connection and a B-field. It is shown how in the case of a simplicial principal NC-bundle these simplicial objects give the bundle gerbe connection and the bundle gerbe B-field.
Additional file 2 of Comparison of freshly cultured versus freshly thawed (cryopreserved) mesenchymal stem cells in preclinical in vivo models of inflammation: a protocol for a preclinical systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Chintan Dave
name: McRae, Andrea
name: Doxtator, Emily
name: Mei, Shirley H. J.
name: Sullivan, Katrina
name: Wolfe, Dianna
name: Champagne, Josee
name: McIntyre, Lauralyn
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Draft Search strategy.
Constraints on $N_{\rm{eff}}$ of high energy non-thermal neutrino injections upto $z\sim 10^8$ from CMB spectral distortions and abundance of light elements
Creators: name: Acharya, Sandeep Kumar
name: Khatri, Rishi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High energy neutrinos and anti-neutrinos ($\gtrsim$ 100 GeV) can inject energetic electromagnetic particles into the baryon-photon plasma in the high redshift universe through electroweak showers from electroweak bremsstrahlung, inelastic scattering with the background electrons and nucleons, and by pair-production of standard model particles on background neutrinos and anti-neutrinos. In this paper, we evolve the particle cascades of high energy non-thermal neutrinos injections, using dark matter decay as a specific example, including relevant collision processes of these neutrinos with the background particles and taking into account the expansion of the universe. We study the effect of these non-thermal neutrino injections on the CMB spectral shape and abundance of light elements produced in the big bang nucleosynthesis. We show that CMB spectral distortions and abundance of light elements can constrain neutrino energy density at the recombination, parameterized as contribution to $N_{\rm{eff}}$, from high energy neutrino injection. These constraints are stronger by several orders of magnitudes compared to the CMB anisotropy constraints. We also show that CMB spectral distortions can probe neutrino injections to significantly higher redshifts ($z>2\times 10^6$) as compared to pure electromagnetic energy injection.
description: Comments welcome. Correction function to convert COBE mu-type constraint to ntr-distortion constraint included
The Cauchy Problem for the Wave Equation in the Schwarzschild Geometry
Creators: name: Kronthaler, Johann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Cauchy problem is considered for the scalar wave equation in the Schwarzschild geometry. We derive an integral spectral representation for the solution and prove pointwise decay in time.
description: 33 pages
CATTLE AS ASSETS: ASSESSMENT OF NON-MARKET BENEFITS FROM CATTLE IN SMALLHOLDER KENYAN CROP-LIVESTOCK SYSTEMS
Creators: name: Ouma, Emily Awuor
name: Obare, Gideon A.
name: Staal, Steven J.
name: Ouma, Emily Awuor
name: Obare, Gideon A.
name: Staal, Steven J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: This paper uses data from a survey of two hundred and fifty cattle households in three cattle keeping systems; intensive, semi-intensive and extensive systems to estimate the value of non-market, socio-economic benefits of cattle in Kenya. These benefits of cattle keeping are of special importance in developing countries, where financial markets function poorly and opportunities for risk management through formal insurance generally absent. However, when estimating the total contribution of livestock, these non-market functions are often ignored since they are difficult to value, yet they may contribute to a better understanding of livestock production systems. The use of contingent valuation method is employed in this study to elicit these non-market values. Econometric estimations are then used to assess the factors influencing the non-market benefits function. The results indicate that these benefits are highly valued by cattle keepers and comprise approximately 20% of the animal's total value across the three systems. They are influenced by various production system and household related factors. Implications for policy are drawn.
Additional file 1 of Comparison of freshly cultured versus freshly thawed (cryopreserved) mesenchymal stem cells in preclinical in vivo models of inflammation: a protocol for a preclinical systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Chintan Dave
name: McRae, Andrea
name: Doxtator, Emily
name: Mei, Shirley H. J.
name: Sullivan, Katrina
name: Wolfe, Dianna
name: Champagne, Josee
name: McIntyre, Lauralyn
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1. It provides a completed PRISMA checklist for this systematic review.
Gaze estimation problem tackled through synthetic images
Creators: name: Garde, Gonzalo
name: Larumbe-Bergera, Andoni
name: Bossavit, Benoît
name: Cabeza, Rafael
name: Porta, Sonia
name: Villanueva, Arantxa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we evaluate a synthetic framework to be used in the field of gaze estimation employing deep learning techniques. The lack of sufficient annotated data could be overcome by the utilization of a synthetic evaluation framework as far as it resembles the behavior of a real scenario. In this work, we use U2Eyes synthetic environment employing I2Head datataset as real benchmark for comparison based on alternative training and testing strategies. The results obtained show comparable average behavior between both frameworks although significantly more robust and stable performance is retrieved by the synthetic images. Additionally, the potential of synthetically pretrained models in order to be applied in user's specific calibration strategies is shown with outstanding performances.
description: https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3379156.3391368
Lagrangian Formulation for Free Mixed-Symmetry Bosonic Gauge Fields in (A)dS(d)
Creators: name: Alkalaev, K. B.
name: Shaynkman, O. V.
name: Vasiliev, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Covariant Lagrangian formulation for free bosonic massless fields of arbitrary mixed-symmetry type in (A)dS(d) space-time is presented. The analysis is based on the frame-like formulation of higher-spin field dynamics [1] with higher-spin fields described as p-forms taking values in appropriate modules of the (A)dS(d). The problem of finding free field action is reduced to the analysis of an appropriate differential complex, with the derivation Q associated with the variation of the action. The constructed action exhibits additional gauge symmetries in the flat limit in agreement with the general structure of gauge symmetries for mixed-symmetry fields in Minkowski and (A)dS(d) spaces.
description: 17 pages, v2: clarifications added, misprints corrected; v3: minor changes, typos corrected
Science,technology and society
Creators: name: Giacomelli, G.
name: Giacomelli, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We shall discuss some aspects of science and technology, their increasing role in the society, the fast advances in modern science, the apparent decrease of interest of the young generation in basic sciences, the importance of proper science popularization for better public education and awareness in scientific fields.
description: Lecture at the 7th School on Non-Accelerator Astroparticle Physics, Trieste,Italy,2004
POLICY REFORM AND PRODUCTIVITY CHANGE IN CHINESE AGRICULTURE: A DISTANCE FUNCTION APPROACH
Creators: name: Glauben, Thomas
name: Lu, Wencong C.
name: Brümmer, Bernhard
name: Glauben, Thomas
name: Lu, Wencong C.
name: Brümmer, Bernhard
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Agricultural policy reform has been an important source of change in the Chinese agricultural sector. The reforms led to productivity growth and helped China in pursuing its self- sufficiency goal especially in the grain sector. To analyse whether observable productivity growth stems from technologically induced components, or from the market induced parts, a multi-input-multi-output model is derived using an econometric distance function framework. A decomposition allows to distinguish allocative effects, scale effects, technological change, and technical efficiency change. Data on farms in Zhejiang from 1986 to 1999 are used to analyse the impact of policy reform.
Chirgwin, A. M., Ihr werdet meine Zeugen sein
Creators: name: Wieske, Günter
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 8 Nr. 1 (1959): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 8, Heft 1