cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Overview of recent ALICE results
Creators: name: Gunji, Taku
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ALICE experiment explores the properties of strongly interacting QCD matter at extremely high temperatures created in Pb-Pb collisions at LHC and provides further insight into small-system physics in (high-multiplicity) pp and p-Pb collisions. The ALICE collaboration presented 27 parallel talks, 50 posters, and 1 flash talk at Quark Matter 2015 and covered various topics including collective dynamics, correlations and fluctuations, heavy flavors, quarkonia, jets and high $p_{\rm T}$ hadrons, electromagnetic probes, small system physics, and the upgrade program. This paper highlights some of the selected results.
description: 8 pages, 0 figures, Proceedings for ALICE overview plenary at XXV International Conference on Ultrarelativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter 2015)
Low Energy House for Testing Building-Integrated PV Elements
Creators: name: Nagel, K.
name: Burà, E.
name: Chianese, D.
name: Fanni, L.
name: Ferrazzo, M.
name: Margna, B.
name: Meoli, R.
name: Strepparava, D.
name: Zanetti, I.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: PV Systems
PV Components for Buildings, PV Integration in Buildings

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 5115-5116
description: PV industries offering products that can be integrated as building materials represent so far a niche but promising
market. At the moment only a few studies have been carried out to assess the interaction between the PV modules and
the fastening systems or the building component. This fact may represent a barrier not only for the PV industry, but
also for the building industry that has yet to gain confidence in these new materials. Considering that in the near
future PV will be used more and more often as a building material, the intention of this project is to analyze these
innovating products in order to define their electrical and thermal characteristics and to show what they look like and
how to integrate them into the building concept.
Characterization of a Silicon Based Thermoplastic Elastomer for PV Encapsulation
Creators: name: Oreski, G.
name: Wallner, G.
name: Randel, P.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2922-2924
description: Ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) is the dominant material for PV encapsulation, especially for modules with crystalline silicon solar cells. Due to some disadvantages such as time consuming curing in the module
lamination process or the amount of different additives used, research work focuses on the identification and qualification of new materials for solar cell encapsulation. One candidate material for PV encapsulation are siliconbased
thermoplastic elastomers (TPSE), developed by Wacker Chemie AG (D), which combines thermoplastic processability with outstanding silicon properties. Eight TPSE formulations with different chemical composition,
molar mass and UV absorber content were investigated and exposed to temperature and moisture (damp heat test). To describe chemical degradation and physical aging, reference and aged materials were characterized by infrared spectroscopy in attenuated total reflection mode (ATR), by UV/VIS/NIR spectroscopy, by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and by tensile tests. All investigated materials are highly transparent in the solar range, showing transmittance values above 0.9. Tensile testing and DMA revealed high flexibility over a broad temperature range (- 50 to 100°C) with elastic modulus values between 5 and 10MPa and strain-at-break values about 600%. The UV stability of TPSE is quite good. Damp heat results depend highly on chemical modifications of the polymer chain.
Conception and Operation of a Unique Large-Scale PV Hybrid System on a Hebridean Island
Creators: name: Thim, F.
name: Tapanlis, S.
name: Wade, S.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: PV Systems
Off-grid Applications

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 4916-4919
description: The realization of large hybrid off-grid systems is one of the challenges in the energy supply of remote
areas in the coming years. Increasing demands for such systems have become obvious. We present the field
experience of an innovative autonomous hybrid energy system for a British Island, the Isle of Eigg. This project can
be considered as a reference and standard for future applications. The system integrates multiple renewable energy
sources such as wind, hydro and solar with two conventional diesel gensets. The power sources and loads are coupled
by a medium voltage grid across the island over several kilometers. We analyze and discuss the technical data,
determine the energy balance and discuss the economical energy balance before and after the commissioning of the
system. We proof that technical solutions for large scale off-grid applications in the 100 kW range are available and
come along with significant cost reductions for customers, even today. In addition, we show that the demands of
increasing energy consumption along with new properties on the island can be fulfilled by the modular concept of
this unique hybrid energy system.
ALD-Al2O3 Passivation for Solar Cells: Charge Investigation
Creators: name: Rothschild, A.
name: Vermang, B.
name: Loozen, X.
name: O’Sullivan, B.J.
name: John, J.
name: Poortmans, J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 1382-1385
description: Al2O3 for surface passivation of p-type c-Si has proven to be an excellent candidate material for passivation of highly
doped p-type as well as n-type c-Si solar cells. The passivation mechanism is reported to be governed by two
components: “chemical” passivation related to the interface trap density (Dit) and “field effect” passivation related to
the negative fixed charge (Qf) in the dielectric. However, the mechanism of passivation itself is not completely
understood. In this paper, we focus on the fixed charge component and the methodology to extract it accurately. The
technique provides effective information on charge polarity and distribution of the charges within the passivation
dielectric layer. Positive charge at the interface Si/SiO2, negative charge at the interface SiO2/Al2O3 and negative
charge in the bulk of ALD-Al2O3 were extracted.
Psychological Test Adaptation and Development – How Papers Are Structured and Why
Creators: name: Ziegler, Matthias
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: PTAD
subject: registered report
subject: ABC of test construction
subject: open science
subject: 150 Psychologie

description: This article explains how papers should be structured to guide the preparation of papers to be submitted to Psychological Test Adaptation and Development. Each submission should adhere as strictly as possible to the following structure. If, for any reason, certain aspects cannot be provided, this should be explained and considered in the limitations and recommendations. The outline in Table 1 is followed by a detailed explanation for each section.
Thin Film PV Bubble Modules for Architectural Integration
Creators: name: Scognamiglio, A.
name: Delli Veneri, P.
name: Mercaldo, L.V.
name: Reinders, A.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: PV Systems
PV Components for Buildings, PV Integration in Buildings

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 5120-5124
description: This paper reports on the possibility to develop a new type of PV module that consists of “bubble”
(round shaped) thin film silicon solar cells for application in building integrated PV (BIPV). With this PV module we
would like to improve the applicability of PV modules in building skins of contemporary architectural design. The
idea is to provide architects the option to use customizable PV modules based on round solar cells as an alternative to
rectangular PV modules with standardized sizes. Our new concept is called the “PV bubble module”.
To obtain a lab-scale model of this PV component interdisciplinary expertise on BIPV, PV product design, thin film
silicon solar cells and architecture needs to be merged. By means of appropriate interconnects architects should be
able to customize the design the module that best fit to their buildings.
Industrial Type Passivation on Interdigitated Back Junction Solar Cells
Creators: name: Robbelein, J.
name: Van Kerschaver, E.
name: Posthuma, N.E.
name: Janssens, T.
name: Gong, C.
name: Poortmans, J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 1992-1996
description: As the photovoltaic industry is making high quality bulk silicon wafers thinner than ever, new solar cell
concepts will become possible to realize. Interdigitated Back Junction (IBJ) solar cells are suited to be realized on
thin wafers, since the requirement to have a combination of high diffusion lengths and thin substrates is fulfilled.
Here we present an industrial type passivation stack at the rear surface of a p-type IBJ solar cell, this stack consists of
a low quality SiO2 and a SiNx layer, which has proven its value in the i-PERC concept developed at IMEC. Different
measurement techniques indicate the good passivating qualities of this stack compared to other passivation
possibilities. A minority charge carrier lifetime improvement from 10@s to 180@s is observed after rapid thermal
processing (RTP) of the passivation stack. For the IBJ cell concept without a Back Surface Field (BSF) this results in
an absolute increase of energy conversion efficiency of 2%, going from 14% to 16% and with a BSF at the base
contacts up to 18%. Out of the presented data, we can conclude the excellent passivation quality of the applied
industrial passivation stack.
Comparison of Fill Factor Loss Mechanisms from Print Quality and Electrical Parameters in the Move Towards Higher Sheet Resistance Emitters
Creators: name: Moyer, J.
name: Zhang, W.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 2077-2079
description: As a supplier of contact metallization pastes for crystalline silicon solar cells, Heraeus works with cell manufacturers to improve fill factors and mitigate losses associated to lower emitter dopant levels. Here we use a computer model to segregate the influences from multiple variables on fill factor and shading related losses. The goal is that by separating the influence of these factors we can better understand each of them individually. The model confirms that front contact pastes capable of delivering lower contact resistance, higher aspect ratios, and better printed cross sections (or paste slump) will be critical to driving towards higher fill factors and efficiencies.
Indoor Accelerating Ageing Experiments on Different Encapsulated Mini-Solar Modules - Evaluation of PV Parameters
Creators: name: Duris, T.
name: Šály, V.
name: Packa, J.
name: Ruzinsky, M.
name: Barinka, R.
name: Poruba, A.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2925-2928
description: In this paper, some results of accelerated ageing tests on 15x15 cm2 mini-solar modules are presented. Two identical sets of mini-modules were created for two types of accelerated test – continual thermal stress at the 80 °C temperature in dark chamber and continual humidity test at the temperature of 37 °C and relative humidity (RH) over 95 %. Standard lamination process for normal EVA was used for EVA and TPU samples to prepare ordinary PV structure with white TEDLAR at the backside. For double-glass samples with PVB incorporated, an autoclave treatment was additionally applied. Commercial mono-Si solar cell (5x5 cm2) was inserted into each mini-module to evaluate and compare the main solar cell parameters before, during and after the degradation procedure. No significant degradation was observed for EVA mini-modules, while the changes in samples with TPU encapsulant are unacceptable.
Localizing energy in granular materials
Creators: name: Przedborski, Michelle A.
name: Harroun, Thad A.
name: Sen, Surajit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A device for absorbing and storing short duration impulses in an initially uncompressed one-dimensional granular chain is presented. Simply stated, short regions of sufficiently soft grains are embedded in a hard granular chain. These grains exhibit long-lived standing waves of predictable frequencies regardless of the timing of the arrival of solitary waves from the larger matrix. We explore the origins, symmetry, and energy content of the soft region and its intrinsic modes.
Modelling the Cell Output of the Laser-Doped Semiconductor Fingers Solar Cell Design
Creators: name: Wang, D.
name: Tjahjono, B.S.
name: Uddin, A.
name: Wenham, S.R.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 1401-1404
description: The first theoretical model to simulate the impact that incorporating laser-doped semiconductor fingers
(SCF) has on the efficiency of a screen printed silicon solar cell has been presented. The effective shading loss of an SCF
volume and its effective surface recombination velocity were derived. A power loss model was then developed for the
SCF cell design to extract the optimal SCF and Ag grid pitches and the cell series resistance. The SCF cell efficiencies
could then be calculated to assess the merit of incorporating laser-doped semiconductor fingers into screen printed silicon
solar cells. With the laser available to the author, an efficiency of up to 18.54% has been simulated for a SCF cell design
with unpassivated SCF lines, representing a 0.65% absolute improvement in efficiency over the normal screen printed
silicon solar cell with a 60ohms/sq emitter, with practical shunt effects.
Performances of Fluoropolymers in PV-Cells
Creators: name: Abusleme, J.
name: Baert, T.
name: Bassi, M.
name: Fossati, P.
name: Radice, S.
name: Toniolo, P.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2932-2933
description: Photovoltaic’s modules by their nature need to be exposed to as much sunlight as possible. Therefore the materials used to support and protect the modules must be able to task such exposure. The characterization and the endurance testing of a variety of fluoropolymers used in photovoltaic industry for front sheet protection have been carried out.
Tunable magnetic alignment between trapped exciton-polariton condensates
Creators: name: Ohadi, H.
name: Redondo, Y. del Valle-Inclan
name: Dreismann, A.
name: Rubo, Y. G.
name: Pinsker, F.
name: Tsintzos, S. I.
name: Hatzopoulos, Z.
name: Savvidis, P. G.
name: Baumberg, J. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tunable spin correlations are found to arise between two neighboring trapped exciton-polariton condensates which spin-polarize spontaneously. We observe a crossover from an antiferromagnetic- to a ferromagnetic pair state by reducing the coupling barrier in real-time using control of the imprinted pattern of pump light. Fast optical switching of both condensates is then achieved by resonantly but weakly triggering only a single condensate. These effects can be explained as the competition between spin bifurcations and spin-preserving Josephson coupling between the two condensates, and open the way to polariton Bose-Hubbard ladders.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
SRT, Medicina and Noto’s 3-band receivers: performances simulations with MATLAB RFToolbox
Creators: name: BALDINI, Veronica
Publisher: name: IRA Bologna
Year: 2023

description: In the context of the PON funding called “Enhancement of the Sardinia Radio Telescope for the study of the Universe at the higher radio frequencies” the realization of 3-band receivers (K band (18-26 GHz), Q band (34-50 GHz) and W band (80-116 GHz)) for the three main Italian radio-telescopes, SRT, Medicina and Noto is foreseen. The design and construction of the receivers are under Korean Institute KASI’s (Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute) responsibility. The scope of this technical document is to report the main receiver parameters behavior computed with MATLAB simulations software. Thanks to the receiver components measurement files and to the RF tools of MATLAB it was possible to simulate the gain, the noise figure (and noise temperature) and the output power of the chains of the three receivers. These simulations can be useful to compare the estimation of the receivers at the CDR level to the real built receivers also for a better integration of the receivers with the FBCB (Full Band Conversion Board)
Systematical Controller Design for Two-Stage Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Power Conditioning System
Creators: name: Bae, H.S.
name: Lee, S.J.
name: Choi, K.S.
name: Cho, B.H.
name: Kang, H.H.
name: Jung, S.M.
name: Jung, H.J.
name: Suh, I.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
Balance of System Components

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2952-2956
description: In this paper, a systematical controller design method for a two-stage grid-connected photovoltaic power conditioning system (PCS) is proposed. For a pre-stage boost converter to achieve the stable operation in the entire region of solar arrays (SAs), the digital resistive current (DRC) mode controller is proposed. This algorithm is very simple to implement with a digital controller and there is no power stage parameter dependency in the controller design. Also, the advanced incremental conductance maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm is used in the proposed system. This approach has the advantages of good accuracy around the MPP and fast tracking speed due to
the variable step size, which is based on the inherent characteristic of the SA. For a post-stage single-phase fullbridge inverter control, a state feedback inner current controller using a sine reference function tracking algorithm
and an I-P outer DC-link voltage controller using a notch filter are proposed to control the output inverter current to be in-phase with the grid voltage and to regulate the input DC-link voltage. The current control loop can be systematically designed for the required system specification using the time domain analysis and pole placement approach. Also, the voltage loop with the notch filter can enhance the voltage regulation dynamics by increasing the
control bandwidth. From the experiment of the prototype two-stage PCS hardware with a 200W SA, the validity of the proposed control scheme is provided with design guidelines of each controller using the stability issues.
Application of Ultracapacitors in Autonomous PV Systems
Creators: name: Grzesiak, W.
name: Maj, T.
name: Klugmann-Radziemska, E.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
Balance of System Components

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2957-2960
description: Ultracapacitors, (called also supercapacitors, double-layer capacitors, gold capacitors and power capacitors) present a novelty in the DC power engineering, especially in the sphere of energy storing up and restoring
process. Featuring general parameters similar to those of storage batteries – they single out by an ability of fast charging with high current values, as well as by fast discharging, while high power and current levels are offered.
Moreover, the ultracapacitors are featured by a much higher attainable number of charging and discharging cycles (reaching one million value) in comparison with common storage batteries. Besides, they are manufactured of materials of little toxicity. Considering that a single ultracapacitor features a very low working voltage at an enormous capacity as well – indispensable is the solely series ultracapacitors’ connection to build a battery of the desired working voltage. Such a connection must be accompanied by proper technical means in form of an outfit of electronic units serving as inspection of the impassable permissible voltage on individual capacitors, creating the
entire battery. In its introduction the presented paper discusses the structure, characteristics and features of ultracapacitors. Their capacitance’s measurement results, a realized ultracapacitor battery project (6x3000 F/2,7V) as well as the accompanying electric and electronic safety units’ design will be presented. Particularly the discussed batteries’ application in the technical region of gaining and storing the photovoltaic energy instead of using the classic storage batteries will be considered. A preliminary technical and economical comparative analysis of both battery types will be presented.
Accurate Tight-Binding Hamiltonians for 2D and Layered Materials
Creators: name: Agapito, Luis
name: Fornari, Marco
name: Ceresoli, Davide
name: Ferretti, Andrea
name: Curtarolo, Stefano
name: Nardelli, Marco Buongiorno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a scheme to controllably improve the accuracy of tight-binding Hamiltonian matrices derived by projecting the solutions of plane-wave ab initio calculations on atomic orbital basis sets. By systematically increasing the completeness of the basis set of atomic orbitals, we are able to optimize the quality of the band structure interpolation over wide energy ranges including unoccupied states. This methodology is applied to the case of interlayer and image states, which appear several eV above the Fermi level in materials with large interstitial regions or surfaces such as graphite and graphene. Due to their spatial localization in the empty regions inside or outside of the system, these states have been inaccessible to traditional tight-binding models and even to ab initio calculations with atom-centered basis functions.
Diagnosing $Λ$HDE model with statefinder hierarchy and fractional growth parameter
Creators: name: Zhou, Lanjun
name: Wang, Shuang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, a new dark energy model called $Λ$HDE was proposed. In this model, dark energy consists of two parts: cosmological constant $Λ$ and holographic dark energy (HDE). Two key parameters of this model are the fractional density of cosmological constant $Ω_{\Lambda0}$, and the dimensionless HDE parameter $c$. Since these two parameters determine the dynamical properties of DE and the destiny of universe, it is important to study the impacts of different values of $Ω_{\Lambda0}$ and $c$ on the $Λ$HDE model. In this paper, we apply various DE diagnostic tools to diagnose $Λ$HDE models with different values of $Ω_{\Lambda0}$ and $c$; these tools include statefinder hierarchy \{$S_3^{(1)}, S_4^{(1)}$\}, fractional growth parameter $ε$, and composite null diagnostic (CND), which is a combination of \{$S_3^{(1)}, S_4^{(1)}$\} and $ε$. We find that: (1) adopting different values of $Ω_{\Lambda0}$ only has quantitative impacts on the evolution of the $Λ$HDE model, while adopting different $c$ has qualitative impacts; (2) compared with $S_3^{(1)}$, $S_4^{(1)}$ can give larger differences among the cosmic evolutions of the $Λ$HDE model associated with different $Ω_{\Lambda0}$ or different $c$; (3) compared with the case of using a single diagnostic, adopting a CND pair has much stronger ability to diagnose the $Λ$HDE model.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, accepted by Sci. China Phys. Mech. Astron
Incidence and predictors of severe adverse drug reaction among patients on antiretroviral therapy in Tigray, Ethiopia: A retrospective cohort study
Creators: name: Ward, Paul
Publisher: name: Torrens University Australia
Year: 2023
Subjects: Palliative care

description: The aim of the present study was to assess the incidence and predictors of severe adverse drug reactions among patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Tigray, North Ethiopia. Methods: We employed four years retrospective cohort study using a structured data extraction sheet. The study populations were HIV patients on ART follow-up from January 2017 to February 2020 in the study area. Severe adverse drug reaction (ADR) was an outcome variable and defined as having any one of the complaints related to ARV drug reaction due to regimen change, discontinuation, and/or in-patient care. Data were collected using a structured data extraction sheet. A Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to determine the relationship between the predictors and the outcome variable. The mean survival time of the cohort was estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Results: The incidence rate of ADRs was 3.6 (95%CI: 2.9–4.35) per 100-person years. HIV patients with no formal education (adjusted hazard ratio=1.58, 95%CI: 1.03–2.41), with experience of regimen change (adjusted hazard ratio=1.59, 95%CI: 1.12–2.91), who ever took other medication (adjusted hazard ratio=1.49, 95%CI: 1.05–2.15) and with lower body mass index (adjusted hazard ratio=3.24, 95%CI: 1.18–4.91) were more likely to develop severe adverse drug reaction. Conclusion: ADRs were diagnosed an inconsiderable number of HIV patients on ART and factors were patient and drug-related. To minimize it, special attention is sought for patients with no formal education, previous regime change, whoever took other medication, and who have lower body mass index levels.
Accurate Determination of the IQE of Screen Printed Silicon Solar Cells by Accounting for the Finite Reflectance of Metal Contacts
Creators: name: Thaidigsmann, B.
name: Wolf, A.
name: Biro, D.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 2056-2059
description: The internal quantum efficiency (IQE) of a solar cell follows from the external quantum efficiency
(EQE) and reflectance data of the front side. Most of the silicon solar cells currently produced feature metallised
areas on the front. To account for the finite reflection of the metal grid, the reflection of the non-metallised area has
to be extracted from the reflection data. Our results show that neglecting the finite reflection of the front metallisation
results in a misinterpretation of the IQE by up to 9 % (relative). We show that the impact of the metallisation on the
front reflectance scales linearly with the surface ratio of the metallisation and present a method to extract the
reflectance of non-metallised areas from large-area reflectance measurements of screen printed solar cells. Our
approach uses an algorithm to automatically determine the metallised surface area by means of microscope images
and reference measurements of fully metallised samples to calculate the required reflectance data. This way the
accuracy of the IQE is significantly improved.
Improving male involvement in antenatal care in low and middle-income countries to prevent mother to child transmission of HIV: A realist review
Creators: name: Ward, Paul
Publisher: name: Torrens University Australia
Year: 2023
Subjects: Social determinants of health

description: Childhood Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection occurs almost exclusively via mother to child transmission (MTCT) during pregnancy, birth, or through breastfeeding. Recent studies have shown that male involvement (MI) in antenatal care (ANC) and HIV testing, including couples voluntary counselling and testing (CVCT), increases the likelihood that women will adhere to prevention advice and comply with HIV treatment if required during their pregnancy; hence reducing the rates of MTCT of HIV. This realist review investigates how, why, when, and for whom MI in ANC works best to provide contextual advice on how MI in ANC can be best used for prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV. Methods A realist review of existing evidence was conducted. Realist review seeks to explain how and why an intervention works, or does not work, in a given context. This was completed through the five stages of realist synthesis; Eliciting the program theory, search strategy, study selection criteria, data extraction, and data analysis and synthesis. Findings are presented as context-mechanism-outcome (CMO) configurations outlining the mechanisms that work in given contexts to give an outcome. Results Three CMO configurations were developed. These describe that 1) Couples in monogamous relationships have higher levels of trust, commitment and security leading to increased uptake of PMTCT programs together; 2) ANC spaces that make ‘male friendly’ adaptions promote normalisation of MI in PMTCT and are more welcoming, leading to increased willingness of male partners to participate in ANC; and 3) couples and communities with higher health literacy encourage increased informed decision making, ownership, and responsibility and thus increased participation in PMTCT of HIV. Conclusions The CMOs developed in this review give contextual advice on how one might improve ANC services to increase MI and help reduce MTCT of HIV. We propose that MI in ANC works best where couples are monogamous and trusting, where ANC spaces actively promote being a ‘male friendly space’ and where there are high levels of community education programs around MTCT.
Strain enhanced superconductivity of Mo$X_2$ ($X$=S or Se) bilayers with Na intercalation
Creators: name: Zhang, Jun-Jie
name: Gao, Bin
name: Dong, Shuai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mo$X_2$ ($X$=S or Se) is a semiconductor family with two-dimensional structure. And a recent calculation predicted the superconductivity in electron doped MoS$_2$ monolayer. In this work, the electronic structure and lattice dynamics of Mo$X_2$ bilayers with monolayer Na intercalated, have been calculated. According to the electron-phonon interaction, it is predicted that these bilayers can be transformed from indirect-gap semiconductors to a superconductors by Na intercalation. More interestingly, the biaxial tensile strain can significantly enhance the superconducting temperature up to $\sim10$ K in Na-intercalated MoS$_2$. In addition, the phonon mean free path at room-temperature is also greatly improved in Na intercalated MoSe$_2$, which is advantaged for related applications.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Photoenhanced spin/valley polarization and tunneling magnetoresistance in ferromagnetic-normal-ferromagnetic silicene junction
Creators: name: Ho, Le Bin
name: Lan, Tran Nguyen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically demonstrate a simple way to significantly enhance the spin/valley polarizations and tunnel- ing magnetoresistnace (TMR) in a ferromagnetic-normal-ferromagnetic (FNF) silicene junction by applying a circularly polarized light in off-resonant regime to the second ferromagnetic (FM) region. We show that the fully spin-polarized current can be realized in certain ranges of light intensity. Increasing the incident energy in the presence of light will induce a transition of perfect spin polarization from positive to negative or vice versa depending on magnetic configuration (parallel or anti-parallel) of FNF junction. Additionally, under a circularly polarized light, valley polarization is very sensitive to electric field and the perfect valley polarization can be achieved even when staggered electric field is much smaller than exchange field. The most important result we would like to emphasize in this paper is that the perfect spin polarization and 100% TMR induced by a circularly polarized light are completely independent of barrier height in normal region. Furthermore, the sign reversal of TMR can be observed when the polarized direction of light is changed. A condition for observing the 100% TMR is also reported. Our results are expected to be informative for real applications of FNF silicene junction, especially in spintronics.
Three-Point Disc Amplitudes in the RNS Formalism
Creators: name: Becker, Katrin
name: Becker, Melanie
name: Robbins, Daniel
name: Su, Ning
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate all tree level string theory vacuum to Dp-brane disc amplitudes involving an arbitrary RR-state and two NS-NS vertex operators. This computation was earlier performed by K. Becker, Guo, and Robbins for the simplest case of a RR-state of type C_{p-3}. Here we use the aid of a computer to calculate all possible three-point amplitudes involving a RR-vertex operator of type C_{p+1+2k}.
description: 40 pages
Improving access to, use of, and outcomes from public health programs: The importance of building and maintaining trust with patients/clients
Creators: name: Ward, Paul
Publisher: name: Torrens University Australia
Year: 2023
Subjects: Health equity

description: The central argument in this paper is that "public trust" is critical for developing and maintaining the health and wellbeing of individuals, communities, and societies. I argue that public health practitioners and policy makers need to take "public trust" seriously if they intend to improve both the public's health and the engagement between members of the public and public health systems. Public health practitioners implement a range of services and interventions aimed at improving health but implicit a requirement for individuals to trust the practitioners and the services/interventions, before they engage with them. I then go on to provide an overview of the theory of trust within sociology and show why it is important to understand this theory in order to promote trust in public health services. I then draw on literature in three classic areas of public health-hospitals, cancer screening, and childhood immunization-to show why trust is vital in terms of understanding and potentially improving uptake of services. The case studies in this paper reveal that public health practitioners need to understand the centrality of building and maintaining trusting relationships with patients/clients because people who distrust public health services are less likely to use them, less likely to follow advice or recommendations, and more likely to have poorer health outcomes.
Swift/BAT and MAXI/GSC Broadband Transient Monitor
Creators: name: Sakamoto, Takanori
name: Oda, Ryoma
name: Mihara, Tatehiro
name: Yoshida, Atsumasa
name: Arimoto, Makoto
name: Barthelmy, Scott D.
name: Kawai, Nobuyuki
name: Krimm, Hans A.
name: Nakahira, Satoshi
name: Serino, Motoko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the newly developed broadband transient monitor using the Swift Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) and the MAXI Gas Slit Camera (GSC) data. Our broadband transient monitor monitors high energy transient sources from 2 keV to 200 keV in seven energy bands by combining the BAT (15-200 keV) and the GSC (2-20 keV) data. Currently, the daily and the 90-minute (one orbit) averaged light curves are available for 106 high energy transient sources. Our broadband transient monitor is available to the public through our web server, http://yoshidalab.mydns.jp/bat_gsc_trans_mon/, for a wider use by the community. We discuss the daily sensitivity of our monitor and possible future improvements to our pipeline.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in PASJ
Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis and Quantum Jarzynski Relation for Pure Initial States
Creators: name: Jin, F.
name: Steinigeweg, R.
name: De Raedt, H.
name: Michielsen, K.
name: Campisi, M.
name: Gemmer, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the first suggestion of the Jarzynski equality many derivations of this equality have been presented in both, the classical and the quantum context. While the approaches and settings greatly differ from one to another, they all appear to rely on the initial state being a thermal Gibbs state. Here, we present an investigation of work distributions in driven isolated quantum systems, starting off from pure states that are close to energy eigenstates of the initial Hamiltonian. We find that, for the nonintegrable system in quest, the Jarzynski equality is fulfilled to good accuracy.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Investigation of Minority Carrier Trapping in Silicon by MWPCD Measurements
Creators: name: Lauer, K.
name: Blech, M.
name: Laades, A.
name: Lawerenz, A.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 2060-2064
description: Minority carrier trapping, which is often observed in silicon used for photovoltaics, influences the
determination of the excess carrier density from photoconductance measurements. In this contribution the Hornbeck-
Haynes-model is used to simulate the apparent excess carrier density, which can be determined by MWPCD
measurements. The three trap parameters: trap density, emission and trapping time constant are varied and their
impact on the apparent excess carrier density is discussed. A kink in the apparent excess carrier density is found to
correlate with the trap density. This result is used to determine the trap density from MWPCD measurements. The
impact of a constant bias light on the apparent excess carrier density is investigated by simulation and experiment.
The influence of trapping on the MWPCD signal can be eliminated by the bias light.
Two Dimensional Phosphorus Oxides as Energy and Information Materials
Creators: name: Luo, Wei
name: Xiang, Hongjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional (2D) black phosphorus (i.e., phosphorene) has become a rising star in electronics. Recently, 2D phosphorus oxides with higher stability have been synthesized. In this work, we systematically explore the structures and properties of 2D phosphorus oxides on the basis of global optimization approach and first-principles calculations. We find that the structural features of 2D phosphorus oxides PxOy vary with the oxygen concentration. When the oxygen content is poor, the most stable 2D PxOy can be obtained by adsorbing O atoms on phosphorene. However, when the oxygen concentration becomes rich, stable structures are no longer based on phosphorene and will contain P-O-P motifs. For the 2D P4O4, we find that it has a direct band gap (about 2.24 eV), good optical absorption, and high stability in water, suggesting that it may be good candidate for photochemical water splitting application. Interestingly, 2D P2O3 adopt two possible stable ferroelectric structures (P2O3-I and P2O3-II) as the lowest energy configurations within a given layer thickness. The electric polarizations of P2O3-I and P2O3-II are perpendicular and parallel to the lateral plane, respectively. We propose that 2D P2O3 could be used in a novel nanoscale multiple-state memory device. Our work suggests that 2D phosphorus oxides may be excellent functional materials.
description: 16 pages,7 figures, accepted by Angew. Chem. Int. Ed (2016)
JV Characteristics of Industrial Silicon Solar Cells: Influence of Distributed Series Resistance and Shockley Read Hall Recombination
Creators: name: Greulich, J.
name: Glatthaar, M.
name: Krieg, A.
name: Emanuel, G.
name: Rein, S.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 2065-2069
description: At the end of the solar cell manufacturing process the current-density vs. voltage curves (J(U) curves)
are measured to determine the solar cell’s efficiency and the mechanisms limiting the efficiency as there are resistive
losses and recombination of electron hole pairs. An accurate and robust analysis of the measured curves is essential
for the output power of the module and for the evaluation of the ongoing manufacturing process. In the present work
it is shown that fitting the two diode model is inappropriate to quantify recombination in the space charge region and
ohmic losses due to series resistance. Three fill factors, namely the fill factor of the illuminated J(U) curve, the
pseudo fill factor of the sunsVoc curve and the ideal fill factor of the single diode model, are the base of a quick loss
analysis that is evaluated in the present paper. It is shown that the distributed character of the series resistance and
the network character of the solar cell can distort the sunsVoc curve. This induces errors in the simple analysis. An
advanced current voltage curve analysis including fill factors and fit is presented
HIV stigma and moral judgement: Qualitative exploration of the experiences of HIV stigma and discrimination among married men living with HIV in Yogyakarta
Creators: name: Ward, Paul
Publisher: name: Torrens University Australia
Year: 2023
Subjects: Social determinants of health

description: It is well acknowledged that human immunodeficiency virus stigma (HIV stigma) challenges people living with HIV globally. There is a scarcity of information about determinants of HIV stigma and discrimination among married men in the Indonesian context. This study aimed to explore factors that contribute to stigma and discrimination against HIV-positive men married to women in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Face-to-face in-depth interviews were conducted to collect data from participants using a snowball sampling technique. A framework analysis was used to guide the analysis of the data. HIV stigma framework was also applied in the conceptualisation and the discussion of the findings. The findings indicate that participants experienced external stigma within healthcare facilities, communities and families. This external stigma was expressed in various discriminatory attitudes and behaviours by healthcare professionals and community and family members. Similarly, participants experienced anticipated stigma as a result of HIV stigma and discrimination experienced by other people living with HIV. Individual moral judgement associating HIV status with amoral behaviours and participants’ negative self-judgement were determinants of perceived stigma. The current findings indicate the need for training programs about HIV stigma issues for healthcare professionals. There is also a need to disseminate HIV information and to improve HIV stigma knowledge among families and communities.
W-state Analyzer and Multi-party Measurement-device-independent Quantum Key Distribution
Creators: name: Zhu, Changhua
name: Xu, Feihu
name: Pei, Changxing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: W-state is an important resource for many quantum information processing tasks. In this paper, we for the first time propose a multi-party measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) protocol based on W-state. With linear optics, we design a W-state analyzer in order to distinguish the four-qubit W-state. This analyzer constructs the measurement device for four-party MDI-QKD. Moreover, we derived a complete security proof of the four-party MDI-QKD, and performed a numerical simulation to study its performance. The results show that four-party MDI-QKD is feasible over 150 km standard telecom fiber with off-the-shelf single photon detectors. This work takes an important step towards multi-party quantum communication and a quantum network.
description: 24 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables
Relevant Pinhole Characterisation Methods for Dielectric Layers for Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Saint-Cast, P.
name: Tanay, F.
name: Alemán, M.
name: Reichel, C.
name: Bartsch, J.
name: Hofmann, M.
name: Rentsch, J.
name: Preu, R.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 2084-2087
description: A wide range of dielectrics are used for photovoltaic (PV) applications (anti-reflection, passivation, insulation and masking
layers) usually applied on large surfaces often presenting a texture or an important roughness. The application range of such a
layer can heavily suffer from uncontrolled pinhole density. Therefore four pinhole characterization techniques have been
compared regarding their relevance for current PV dielectric characterization. Two of these techniques present a good potential
for the qualitative and quantitative pinhole characterization of especially for PV dielectric, on flat and rough surfaces. As a test
for the characterization method an evaluation of the impact of aluminum evaporation on thick PECVD SiOx pinhole density
has been performed. This shows the ability of the characterization technique developed in this paper to perform quantitative
pinhole characterization.