cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Discovery of a Radio Source following the 27 December 2004 Giant Flare from SGR 1806-20
Creators: name: Cameron, P. B.
name: Chandra, P.
name: Ray, A.
name: Kulkarni, S. R.
name: Frail, D. A.
name: Wieringa, M. H.
name: Nakar, E.
name: Phinney, E. S.
name: Miyazaki, Atsushi
name: Tsuboi, Masato
name: Okumura, Sachiko
name: Kawai, N.
name: Menten, K. M.
name: Bertoldi, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over a decade ago it was established that the remarkable high energy transients, known as soft gamma-ray repeaters (SGRs), are a Galactic population and originate from neutron stars with intense (~ 0.3 erg/cm^2) was detected from SGR 1806-20. Here we report the discovery of a fading radio counterpart. We began a monitoring program from 0.2GHz to 250GHz and obtained a high resolution 21-cm radio spectrum which traces the intervening interstellar neutral Hydrogen clouds. Analysis of the spectrum yields the first direct distance measurement of SGR 1806-20. The source is located at a distance greater than 6.4 kpc and we argue that it is nearer than 9.8 kpc. If true, our distance estimate lowers the total energy of the explosion and relaxes the demands on theoretical models. The energetics and the rapid decay of the radio source are not compatible with the afterglow model that is usually invoked for gamma-ray bursts. Instead we suggest that the rapidly decaying radio emission arises from the debris ejected during the explosion.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures, submitted to Nature (substantial revisions)
Ground State Energy of Current Carriers in Graphene
Creators: name: Ratnikov, P. V.
name: Silin, A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ground state energy of current carriers in graphene considered as a zero-gap semiconductor was calculated in the two-band approximation. The condition of the electronic (hole) system stability in graphene was obtained. The possibility of the zero-gap semiconductor-semimetal transition was discussed.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Bottom-quark production at hadron colliders: fully differential predictions in NNLO QCD
Creators: name: Catani, Stefano
name: Devoto, Simone
name: Grazzini, Massimiliano
name: Kallweit, Stefan
name: Mazzitelli, Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the first fully differential calculation of the next-to-next-to-leading-order (NNLO) QCD radiative corrections to the production of bottom-quark pairs at hadron colliders. The calculation is performed by using the $q_T$ subtraction formalism to handle and cancel infrared singularities in real and virtual contributions. The computation is implemented in the Matrix framework, thereby allowing us to efficiently compute arbitrary infrared-safe observables in the four-flavour scheme. We present selected predictions for bottom-quark production at the Tevatron and at the LHC at different collider energies, and we perform some comparisons with available experimental results. We find that the NNLO corrections are sizeable, typically of the order of $25$-$35\%$, and they lead to a significant reduction of the perturbative uncertainties. Therefore, their inclusion is crucial for an accurate theoretical description of this process.
description: 31 pages, 4 tables, 13 figures; added references
Gravastar Solutions with Continuous Pressures and Equation of State
Creators: name: DeBenedictis, A.
name: Horvat, D.
name: Ilijic, S.
name: Kloster, S.
name: Viswanathan, K. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the gravitational vacuum star (gravastar) configuration as proposed by other authors in a model where the interior de Sitter spacetime segment is continuously extended to the exterior Schwarzschild spacetime. The multilayered structure in previous papers is replaced by a continuous stress-energy tensor at the price of introducing anisotropy in the (fluid) model of the gravastar. Either with an ansatz for the equation of state connecting the radial $p_r$ and tangential $p_t$ pressure or with a calculated equation of state with non-homogeneous energy/fluid density, solutions are obtained which in all aspects satisfy the conditions expected for an anisotropic gravastar. Certain energy conditions have been shown to be obeyed and a polytropic equation of state has been derived. Stability of the solution with respect to possible axial perturbation is shown to hold.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures. Latest version contains new and updated references along with some clarifying remarks in the stability analysis
Exploring Heteronormativity in Mental Health Services: The Experience and Impact of Identity Disclosure for LGBTQ+ Young People who Self-Harm or Feel Suicidal
Creators: name: Warner, Louise
Publisher: name: University of East London
Year: 2023
Subjects: LGBTQ+ young people
self-harm
identity disclosure
mental health services

description: Background: Mental health services in the National Health Service (NHS) exist in a context of heteronormativity, where there are assumptions made within services and wider society about the expected nature of sexual and gender identity, implicitly and explicitly. LGBTQ+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, questioning and any other sexual minority identity) adolescents and young adults are at a stage of life where they are forming their identities. This group of young people experience elevated risks of mental health needs, including self-harm and suicidality. Experiencing self-harm or suicidal feelings, and being LGBTQ+, are both associated with stigma and rejection, including within mental health services; this can have implications for help-seeking and being open about their identities.

Aims: This study aimed to explore the experience and impact of LGBTQ+ identity disclosure in NHS mental health services, for young people (aged 14-25) who experienced difficulties with self-harm or suicidality. The study aimed to provide space for young people’s voices, and to promote changes within systems for improving care for this group of young people.

Method: Qualitative semi-structured interviews were used to gather information from five young people, recruited through social media. Transcripts were analysed using Reflexive Thematic Analysis.

Findings: Three primary themes were developed from the analysis: ‘power and powerlessness’, ‘making sense of identity’, and ‘the importance of relationships’. The experience and impact of these concepts were explored, recognising the context of pervasive heteronormativity in NHS services, from a critical realist epistemological stance.

Conclusions: There is a need for change in individual clinical relationships, and at service and wider policy levels in the NHS, to prevent harmful experiences and longer-term consequences for LGBTQ+ young people. Changes are needed to reduce heteronormative bias and provide affirmative, transparent, supportive care to young people experiencing self-harm or suicidality, in their LGBTQ+ identity disclosures and subsequent interactions with clinicians.
Relaxing-Precessional Magnetization Switching
Creators: name: Morise, Hirofumi
name: Nakamura, Shiho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new way of magnetization switching employing both the spin-transfer torque and the torque by a magnetic field is proposed. The solution of the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation shows that the dynamics of the magnetization in the initial stage of the switching is similar to that in the precessional switching, while that in the final stage is rather similar to the relaxing switching. We call the present method the relaxing-precessional switching. It offers a faster and lower-power-consuming way of switching than the relaxing switching and a more controllable way than the precessional switching.
Ergosphere, photon region structure, and the shadow of a rotating charged Weyl black hole
Creators: name: Fathi, Mohsen
name: Olivares, Marco
name: Villanueva, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we explore the photon region and the shadow of the rotating counterpart of a static charged Weyl black hole, which has been previously discussed according to null and time-like geodesics. The rotating black hole shows strong sensitivity to the electric charge and the spin parameter, and its shadow changes from being oblate to being sharp by increasing in the spin parameter. Comparing the calculated vertical angular diameter of the shadow with that of M87*, we found that the latter may possess about $10^36$ protons as its source of electric charge, if it is a rotating charged Weyl black hole. A complete derivation of the ergosphere and the static limit is also presented.
description: 22 pages, 34 figures
Asymptotic dimension of a hyperbolic space and capacity dimension of its boundary at infinity
Creators: name: Buyalo, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce a quasi-symmetry invariant of a metric space Z called the capacity dimension. Our main result says that for a visual Gromov hyperbolic space X the asymptotic dimension of X is at most the capacity dimension of its boundary at infinity plus 1.
description: 23 pages
Striatocycloceras hosholmense Kröger 2025
Creators: name: Kröger, Björn
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Cephalopoda
Orthocerida
Orthoceratidae
Striatocycloceras
Striatocycloceras hosholmense

description: Striatocycloceras cf. hosholmense
Figs 11F, 13C
Material examined
ESTONIA • 3 specs; Vormsi Island, Hosholm shore; Adila Formation, Pirgu Regional Stage; TUG 899- 81, TUG 939-20, TUG 1745-233.
Description
Specimen TUG 939-20 is a fragment of a phragmocone, 38 mm long, with diameter 23–27 mm (apical angle 8.5°), and four chambers and annulations (Fig. 13C). The characters of the outer shell are not preserved. The annulations are directly transverse with deep troughs and sharply accentuated crests. The sutures are parallel to and positioned in the troughs of the annulations. The siphuncle is nearly centrally positioned and slightly expanded within the chambers. It is ca 2.5 mm wide at position of the septal foramen and 3.5 mm wide at mid-way between septa. The septal necks are orthochoanitic, 1.3 mm long (Fig. 11F). No cameral deposits are developed. Two additional specimens are in the Estonian collections which are similar in having a sharply crested annulations, ca three annulations per distance equal to the corresponding conch diameter and an apical angle of ca 10°.
Remarks
The specimens described as Striatocycloceras cf. hosholmense are in all aspect similar to Striatocycloceras hosholmense sp. nov. expect in having a distinctly larger apical angle at comparable conch diameters. However, none of the specimens has its outer shell preserved, making a comparison somewhat questionable. More material is needed to establish this group of specimens as a distinct species. Notably, a similar pair of species A. anellus and A. paquettense with low and high apical angles are known from Katian strata of North America (Foerste 1932: 104). This could indicate the presence of sexual dimorphism in this genus.
description: Published as part of Kröger, Björn, 2025, The Lyckholm acme of cephalopods - Review of the late Katian (Vormsi-Pirgu regional stages) Ordovician cephalopods of Estonia, pp. 1-169 in European Journal of Taxonomy 978 on page 28, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.978.2801, http://zenodo.org/record/14988376
PROMPT: Panchromatic Robotic Optical Monitoring and Polarimetry Telescopes
Creators: name: Reichart, D.
name: Nysewander, M.
name: Moran, J.
name: Bartelme, J.
name: Bayliss, M.
name: Foster, A.
name: Clemens, J. C.
name: Price, P.
name: Evans, C.
name: Salmonson, J.
name: Trammell, S.
name: Carney, B.
name: Keohane, J.
name: Gotwals, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Funded by $1.2M in grants and donations, we are now building PROMPT at CTIO. When completed in late 2005, PROMPT will consist of six 0.41-meter diameter Ritchey-Chretien telescopes on rapidly slewing mounts that respond to GRB alerts within seconds, when the afterglow is potentially extremely bright. Each mirror and camera coating is being optimized for a different wavelength range and function, including a NIR imager, two red-optimized imagers, a blue-optimized imager, an UV-optimized imager, and an optical polarimeter. PROMPT will be able to identify high-redshift events by dropout and distinguish these events from the similar signatures of extinction. In this way, PROMPT will act as a distance-finder scope for spectroscopic follow up on the larger 4.1-meter diameter SOAR telescope, which is also located at CTIO. When not chasing GRBs, PROMPT serves broader educational objectives across the state of North Carolina. Enclosure construction and the first two telescopes are now complete and functioning: PROMPT observed Swift's first GRB in December 2004. We upgrade from two to four telescope in February 2005 and from four to six telescopes in mid-2005.
description: Accepted to Il Nuovo Cimento, 5 pages, 2 figures, LaTeX (4th Workshop Gamma-Ray Bursts in the Afterglow Era, Rome, 18-22 October 2004)
Angular momentum transport by internal gravity waves. IV - Wave generation by surface convection zone, from the pre-main sequence to the early-AGB in intermediate mass stars
Creators: name: Talon, Suzanne
name: Charbonnel, Corinne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is the fourth in a series of papers that deal with angular momentum transport by internal gravity waves in stellar interiors. Here, we want to examine the potential role of waves in other evolutionary phases than the main sequence. We study the evolution of a 3Msun Population I model from the pre-main sequence to the early-AGB phase and examine whether waves can lead to angular momentum redistribution and/or element diffusion at the external convection zone boundary. We find that, although waves produced by the surface convection zone can be ignored safely for such a star during the main sequence, it is not the case for later evolutionary stages. In particular, angular momentum transport by internal waves could be quite important at the end of the sub-giant branch and during the early-AGB phase. Wave-induced mixing of chemicals is expected during the early-AGB phase.
description: A&A in press; 11 figures
Hairy Taub-NUT/Bolt-AdS solutions in Horndeski theory
Creators: name: Arratia, Esteban
name: Corral, Cristobal
name: Figueroa, Jose
name: Sanhueza, Leonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present different Taub-NUT/Bolt-anti de Sitter (AdS) solutions in a shift-symmetric sector of Horndeski theory of gravity possessing nonminimal kinetic coupling of scalar fields to the Einstein tensor. In four dimensions, we find locally and asymptotically locally AdS solutions possessing nontrivial scalar field. In higher dimensions, analytical Taub-NUT/Bolt-AdS p-branes and solitons are obtained, supported by the existence of p Horndeski scalar fields with axionic profile. The thermodynamical properties are studied through Euclidean methods and it is found that the first law of thermodynamics is satisfied. Moreover, constraints on the parameter space of Horndeski gravity and NUT charge are obtained by demanding positivity of the mass, entropy, and specific heat of the p-branes and soliton. We briefly comment on future applications in holography.
description: v1: 20 pages, 12 figures; v2: comments and references added, typos fixed. Accepted for publication in Physical Review D; v3: Minor typos fixed. Matches published version
A review of optical sky brightness and extinction at Dome C, Antarctica
Creators: name: Kenyon, Suzanne L.
name: Storey, John W. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent discovery of exceptional seeing conditions at Dome C, Antarctica, raises the possibility of constructing an optical observatory there with unique capabilities. However, little is known from an astronomer's perspective about the optical sky brightness and extinction at Antarctic sites. We review the contributions to sky brightness at high-latitude sites, and calculate the amount of usable dark time at Dome C. We also explore the implications of the limited sky coverage of high-latitude sites and review optical extinction data from the South Pole. Finally, we examine the proposal of Baldry and Bland-Hawthorn (2001) to extend the amount of usable dark time through the use of polarising filters.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures, 5 tables, accepted for publication in the March 2006 issue of PASP
The Place of Expert Systems in Agricultural Economics
Creators: name: Pannell, David J.
name: Pannell, David J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1988
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: The relevance of expert systems in agricultural economics research and extension is examined. Some of the limitations of existing expert systems are described. Expert systems are useful for storing and retrieving knowledge and for solving diagnostic problems but not for mathematical optimisation. The common method of handling uncertainty in expert systems is shown to have a dubious theoretical basis. Expert systems have no facility for sensitivity analysis. It is concluded that expert systems are unlikely to replace traditional analytical tools for the solution of economic problems but that they may be useful for creation of user-friendly program interfaces.
Inferring the Morphology of Stellar Distribution in TNG50: Twisted and Twisted-Stretched shapes
Creators: name: Emami, Razieh
name: Hernquist, Lars
name: Alcock, Charles
name: Genel, Shy
name: Bose, Sownak
name: Weinberger, Rainer
name: Vogelsberger, Mark
name: Shen, Xuejian
name: Speagle, Joshua S.
name: Marinacci, Federico
name: Forbes, John C.
name: Torrey, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the morphology of the stellar distribution in a sample of Milky Way (MW) like galaxies in the TNG50 simulation. Using a local in shell iterative method (LSIM) as the main approach, we explicitly show evidence of twisting (in about 52% of halos) and stretching (in 48% of them) in the real space. This is matched with the re-orientation observed in the eigenvectors of the inertia tensor and gives us a clear picture of having a re-oriented stellar distribution. We make a comparison between the shape profile of dark matter (DM) halo and stellar distribution and quite remarkably see that their radial profiles are fairly close, especially at small galactocentric radii where the stellar disk is located. This implies that the DM halo is somewhat aligned with stars in response to the baryonic potential. The level of alignment mostly decreases away from the center. We study the impact of substructures in the orbital circularity parameter. It is demonstrated that in some cases, far away substructures are counter-rotating compared with the central stars and may flip the sign of total angular momentum and thus the orbital circularity parameter. Truncating them above 150 kpc, however, retains the disky structure of the galaxy as per initial selection. Including the impact of substructures in the shape of stars, we explicitly show that their contribution is subdominant. Overlaying our theoretical results to the observational constraints from previous literature, we establish fair agreement.
description: 29 pages, 21 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJ
Industrial Concentration in Australian Agribusiness
Creators: name: Vollmers, A. Clyde
name: Vollmers, A. Clyde
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1988
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: The structure of agriculture in Australia is experiencing extremely rapid change. Both firms that supply inputs to farmers and firms that process or market farm products are consolidating to create larger organisations. Mergers and acquisitions have enabled some firms to acquire relatively large market shares, thereby dominating portions of the food and fibre sector. The purpose of this article is twofold: first, it will provide a relatively current description of the concentration within selected subsectors of agribusiness in Australia. Second, it will explore portions of the available literature to determine the impact of consolidations upon profits, operating efficiency, and risk within agribusiness and agriculture. Because concentration is a very broad topic, many aspects, by necessity, are beyond the scope of this paper.
Visum Particle - QuickStart Guide
Creators: name: IRIS Technology
name: Gomez, Susana
name: Urrego, Carlos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Nanoparticle sizing
PAT
Real-time characterization
Online particle monitoring
Inline
QuickStart Guide

description: Quick Start Guide for Users of the Visum Particle.

In this brochure, you will learn the first steps to be followed to start using the Visum Particle sensor in your production line.
X-ray Variability Characteristics of the Seyfert 1 Galaxy NGC 3783
Creators: name: Markowitz, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have characterized the energy-dependent X-ray variability properties of the Seyfert~1 galaxy NGC 3783 using archival XMM-Newton and Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer data. The high-frequency fluctuation power spectral density function (PSD) slope is consistent with flattening towards higher energies. Light curve cross correlation functions yield no significant lags, but peak coefficients generally decrease as energy separation of the bands increases on both short and long timescales. We have measured the coherence between various X-ray bands over the temporal frequency range of 6e-8 to 1e-4 Hz; this range includes the temporal frequency of the low-frequency power spectral density function (PSD) break tentatively detected by Markowitz et al. and includes the lowest temporal frequency over which coherence has been measured in any AGN to date. Coherence is generally near unity at these temporal frequencies, though it decreases slightly as energy separation of the bands increases. Temporal frequency-dependent phase lags are detected on short time scales; phase lags are consistent with increasing as energy separation increases or as temporal frequency decreases. All of these results are similar to those obtained previously for several Seyfert galaxies and stellar-mass black hole systems. Qualitatively, these results are consistent with the variability models of Kotov et al. and Lyubarskii, wherein the X-ray variability is due to inwardly propagating variations in the local mass accretion rate.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal, 2005, vol. 635, p. 180; version 2 has minor grammatical changes; 23 pages; uses emulateapj5
The RR Lyrae distance scale from near-infrared photometry: current results
Creators: name: Dall'ora, M.
name: Bono, G.
name: Storm, J.
name: Caputo, F.
name: Andreuzzi, G.
name: Marconi, G.
name: Monelli, M.
name: Ripepi, V.
name: Stetson, P. B.
name: Testa, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new observational results on the RR Lyrae K-band Period-Luminosity relation (PLK). Data on the Galactic globular clusters NGC 3201 and NGC 4590 (M68), and on the Large Magellanic Cloud cluster Reticulum are shown. We compare the observed slopes of the PLK relations for these three clusters with those predicted by pulsational and evolutionary models, finding a fair agreement. Trusting on this finding we decided to adopt these theoretical calibrations to estimate the distance to the target clusters,finding a good agreement with optical-based RR Lyrae distances, but with a smaller formal scatter.
description: Proceedings of the Stellar Pulsation and Evolution meeting, Rome, June 2005
ESTIMATING MARGINAL IMPLICIT PRICES FOR SELECTED QUALITY ATTRIBUTES OF HYBRID SEED CORN
Creators: name: Ekanem, Enefiok P.
name: Sundquist, W. Burt
name: Ekanem, Enefiok P.
name: Sundquist, W. Burt
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Demand and Price Analysis

description: The central objective of this study was to estimate the implicit marginal prices for the following attributes of hybrid seed corn: yield, moisture content, root lodging, stalk lodging, stand survival and ear drop. This study fills an existent gap in the application of a hedonic price technique to agricultural commodities. A hedonic price equation was constructed and estimated using characteristics data on hybrid corn varieties obtained from the Iowa State University Extension Service. Seed price data were solicited from seed companies for the same set of hybrids. In total, fifty-nine seed companies were asked for suggested retail prices for their hybrids. Forty companies responded with 1991 price information which was used in estimating the parameters of the formulated models. Six hypotheses relating the price paid for hybrid seed corn with the performance characteristics of interest were formulated and tested. Results indicate that the prices that farmers paid for hybrid seed corn were significantly related only to (1) the moisture content and (2) the root lodging characteristics of the resulting crop. Both results were significant at the 0.005 level. Surprisingly, seed price and yield were not significantly related. More research is needed to further analyze these relationships and to analyze farmer's response to the wide range of nonprice services provided by seed companies.
Experimental Quantum Secret Sharing and Third-Man Quantum Cryptography
Creators: name: Chen, Yu-Ao
name: Zhang, An-Ning
name: Zhao, Zhi
name: Zhou, Xiao-Qi
name: Lu, Chao-Yang
name: Peng, Cheng-Zhi
name: Yang, Tao
name: Pan, Jian-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum secret sharing (QSS) is a protocol to split a message into several parts so that no subset of parts is sufficient to read the message, but the entire set is. In the scheme, three parties Alice, Bob and Charlie first share a three-photon entangled state, Charlie can then force Alice and Bob to cooperate to be able to establish the secret key with him by performing proper polarization measurements on his photon and announcing which polarization basis he has chosen. In a similar manner, in third-man quantum cryptography (TQC) the third-man, Charlie, can control whether Alice and Bob can communicate in a secure way while he has no access whatsoever on the content of the communication between Alice and Bob. Although QSS and TQC are essential for advanced quantum communication, the low intensity multi-photon entanglement source has made their realization an extreme experimental challenge. Here, exploiting a high intensity four-photon entanglement source we report an experimental realization of QSS and TQC . In the experiment, a key of low quantum bit error rate (QBER) 0.35% is obtained using a simple error reduction scheme.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, submitted
Renyi entropies of a black hole from Hawking radiation
Creators: name: Bialas, A.
name: Czyz, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Renyi entropies of a black hole are evaluated by counting the states of the Hawking radiation which fills a thin shell surrounding the horizon. The width of the shell is determined from its energy content and the corresponding mass defect. The Bekenstein-Hawking formula for the entropy of the black hole is correctly reproduced.
description: 10 pages
title: Wasrapport IJzer: november 2023
Creators: name: Deschamps, Maarten
name: Boeckx, Leen
name: Wolf, T.
Publisher: name: Flanders Hydraulics
Year: 2023

description: Title : WL Rapporten. Waterbouwkundig Laboratorium: Antwerpen.
Volume : PA008_4
Issue :
Pagination : X, 48 + 22 p. bijl.
How far do Activated Random Walkers spread from a single source?
Creators: name: Levine, Lionel
name: Silvestri, Vittoria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Unlike many particle systems, Activated Random Walk has nontrivial behavior even in one spatial dimension. We prove inner and outer bounds on the spread of n activated random walkers from a single source in Z. The inner bound involves a comparison with the stationary distribution of activated random walkers on a finite interval, while the outer bound involves a comparison with the stabilization of an infinite Bernoulli configuration of activated random walkers on Z.
description: 26 pages, 5 figures
Green's Dyadic Approach of the Self-Stress on a Dielectric-Diamagnetic Cylinder with Non-Uniform Speed of Light
Creators: name: Cavero-Pelaez, Ines
name: Milton, Kimball A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a Green's dyadic formulation to calculate the Casimir energy for a dielectric-diamagnetic cylinder with the speed of light differing on the inside and outside. Although the result is in general divergent, special cases are meaningful. It is pointed out how the self-stress on a purely dielectric cylinder vanishes through second order in the deviation of the permittivity from its vacuum value, in agreement with the result calculated from the sum of van der Waals forces.
description: 8 pages, submitted to proceedings of QFEXT05
Analysis of the potential of R&D and financial situation on Blue Economy companies
Creators: name: Dios-Vicente, Adrián
name: Ríos, Raul
name: Rodeiro-Pazos, David
name: Nesme, Yoann
name: Depellegrin, Daniel
name: Raffray, Morgan
name: Guneratnam, Amita
name: McMahon, Helena
name: Mendonça, Emanuel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Blue Economy
Patenting
Innovation
FANBEST
Financial Analysis

description: The present report is developed as the final deliverable for Activity 4.2. of the FANBEST Project (Funding Atlantic Network for Blue Economy Technology Transfer; www.fanbest.eu). This action is part of the W.P.4, related to the identification of the financial needs to propel Blue Economy innovation in the Atlantic Regions, being 4.2. the Analysis of the potential of Atlantic R&D+i for blue growth.
 This document is based on a sample of 610 companies creating a panel data to perform a descriptive analysis in terms of patenting activity on Blue Economy companies and financial evolution of Blue Economy firms. Results show that the Blue Economy in the Atlantic Area has had an important capacity to innovate in the last two decades, where bigger companies were the ones capturing to a greater extent its potential benefits, and strong differences exist between regions in terms of company characteristics and innovative capacity.
Palaeodawsonocerina Kroger & Isakar 2006
Creators: name: Kröger, Björn
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Cephalopoda
Orthocerida
Dawsonoceratidae
Palaeodawsonocerina

description: Genus Palaeodawsonocerina Kröger & Isakar, 2006
Type species
Spyroceras senckenbergi Teichert, 1930, Saaremõisa (Lyckholm), N of Haapsalu, Kõrgessaare Formation, Vormsi Regional Stage; by original designation.
Diagnosis
Straight or slightly cyrtoconic, circular or subcircular shell, with prominent, narrowly spaced annulations, growth lines, and numerous subordinate filiform longitudinally raised lines, producing a fine reticulate pattern; siphuncle central or slightly eccentric, slightly expanded, with achoanitic to very short orthochoanitic septal necks; apex blunt, slightly cyrtoconic, annulated. (Adopted from Kröger & Isakar 2006.)
description: Published as part of Kröger, Björn, 2025, The Lyckholm acme of cephalopods - Review of the late Katian (Vormsi-Pirgu regional stages) Ordovician cephalopods of Estonia, pp. 1-169 in European Journal of Taxonomy 978 on page 31, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.978.2801, http://zenodo.org/record/14988376
MAINSTREAM MEDIA COVERAGE (UK) OF ESPORTS TOURNAMENT THE ‘EPREMIER LEAGUE’ FINALS 2019 AND 2021. A MIXED-METHODS STUDY.
Creators: name: Filotrani, Laura Jane
Publisher: name: London South Bank University
Year: 2023

description: This study investigates the factors limiting mainstream media coverage of esports in the UK, specifically focusing on EA Sports' FIFA Series. The research aims to assess the current landscape of esports journalism, mainstream media perception, familiarity with the term 'esports', content categorisation, coverage extent, live event viewership, and potential barriers and opportunities for increased exposure. Despite the growing academic interest in esports, there is a noticeable gap in research regarding mainstream media coverage of esports in UK newspaper and broadcast journalism and of esports journalism. This project's critical analysis therefore of esports journalism offers a timely and original contribution to understanding the relationship between mainstream UK media and the niche esports broadcast/ journalism sector, and the factors influencing the sector’s limited exposure. Employing a mixed-methods approach, this study combines quantitative and qualitative data collection methods such as surveys, content analysis, and interviews. Focusing on mainstream media coverage of esports, the research utilises Rogers' Diffusion of Innovation Theory (2003) and Tidd and Bessant’s 4Ps of Innovation Model (2021) to explore the potential for esports to become a sustainable sector in the UK's digital economy. The study concentrates on the UK tournament the 'ePremier League' 2019 and 2021 and its reception by UK mainstream media, examining the relationship between traditional and new media platforms. The findings reveal a lack of significant value for esports in UK mainstream media, distrust of mainstream media within the esports sector, and a discrepancy in the categorisation of esports content between mainstream and esports media. This study highlights the need for independent investigative reporting and improved understanding of the esports sector within mainstream media to foster its growth and acceptance. The results hold considerable significance for various stakeholders, including publishers, policymakers, and analysts. For instance, the National Union of Journalists and the British Association of Journalists will find the insights on current journalistic practices valuable. Educational organisations such as the National Training Council of Journalists will appreciate findings regarding the importance of professional training for journalists. Likewise, mainstream broadcasters and esports media, including SKY Sports and Gfinity, will be interested in findings related to live streaming and broadcasting live esports events.
Properties of quasi-one-dimensional molecules with Feshbach resonance interaction
Creators: name: Yurovsky, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bound states and collisions of atoms with two-channel two-body interactions in harmonic waveguides are analyzed. The closed-channel contributions to two-atom bound states become dominant in the case of a weak resonance. At low energies and values of the non-resonant scattering length the problem can be approximated by a one-dimensional resonant model. Three-body problem becomes nonintegrable and the properties of triatomic molecules become different from those predicted by the integrable Lieb-Liniger-McGuire model.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Strong Cosmic Censorship in Two Dimensions
Creators: name: Moitra, Upamanyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the behaviour of a free massive scalar wave-packet near the Cauchy horizon of an $\mathrm{AdS}_2$ black hole and find that it becomes infinitely differentiable for smooth initial data, independently of the parameters describing the spacetime or the scalar. This indicates a violation of the strong cosmic censorship conjecture at the classical level. We discuss our result in connection with some recent observations of violation of the conjecture for certain nearly extremal black holes.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure v2: Title changed, reference added; approximates the published Letter
Fisheries management policy in South Africa : an evaluation of alternative management strategies for the Hake and Linefish fisheries
Creators: name: Hutton, Trevor Patrick
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Recent political changes in South Africa provide an opportunity to explore alternative fisheries management policies. An analysis of common-pool resource management arrangements indicates that the rules governing participation and the allocation of costs and benefits need to be well defined. A multi-disciplinary policy analysis has to consider institutions because they form the basis of rules and rights. My analysis is developed from the integration of two approaches: (1) a framework analysis based on neo-institutional economics (NIE), which qualitatively predicts whether there are incentives for cooperative strategies, and (2) bio-economic game theoretic methodology that is used to quantify the incentives. The integration of these approaches relies on them being congruent in their predictions, and, as a test, my analysis is applied to two case studies. For the linefishery, the NIE framework predicts that cooperative management is problematic (as controversy exists over the size limits of fish such as geelbek), despite the interest of fishing communities in becoming involved in management. A bio-economic analysis for this species reveals that a difference of R1.2 million could be obtained under non-cooperative strategies versus cooperative strategies over the next five years. For the west coast deep-sea hake fishery, the NIE analysis reveals a history of user participation in management by the trawl sector, a partnership that is struggling to remain legitimate while the government is re-distributing quota to new entrants from a longline sector. The bio-economic game theoretic analysis suggests that a difference of R368 million may accrue to longliners over the next thirty years if they engage in non-cooperative strategies versus cooperative strategies. A cooperative strategy by the trawl sector results in an additional benefit to both sectors of R605 million, assuming security of tenure that is not assured under the re-structuring. The government will find it hard to replicate the successful agreements of the past with all stakeholders, as it is now economically beneficial for them to behave non-cooperatively. The results indicate that management policies could fail unless policies are 'incentive adjusting'; positive outcomes will prevail when the rules governing participation and the allocation of benefits for shared stocks are well defined and constrained.
General analysis of two--photon exchange in elastic electron--$^4He$ scattering and $e^++e^-\to π^++π^-.$
Creators: name: Gakh, G. I.
name: Tomasi--Gustafsson, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a general parametrization of the spin structure of the matrix element for the elastic $e^-+^4He$ scattering and for the annihilation $e^++e^-\to π^++π^-$ reactions in terms of two complex amplitudes, we derive general properties of the observables in presence of two--photon exchange. We show that this mechanism induces a specific dependence of the differential cross section on the angle of the emitted particle. We reanalyze the existing experimental data on the differential cross section, for elastic electron scattering on $^4He$, in the light of this result.
description: 15 pages 1 figure
STATEWIDE ECONOMIC AND FISCAL EFFECTS OF THE DIRECT REDUCTION OF IRON ORE TO STEEL IN NORTHEAST MINNESOTA
Creators: name: Maki, Wilbur R.
name: Maki, Wilbur R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1981
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: The Minnesota Regional Development Simulation Laboratory (SIMLAB) was used to simulate statewide economic effects of three iron mining industry options--revitalization of the Lower Great Lakes states steel industry, gradual liquidation of this industry, and the direct reduction of iron ore to steel in Northeast Minnesota. Industry output, employment, and value added indicators for the 1970 and 1977 years are compared with corresponding economic indicators for the 1980-2000 projection period. Finally, mineral-related state tax revenue trends are presented. Changes in these trends which are associated with each of the three iron mining industry options are projected for the 1980-89 period.
Geometry of an adiabatic passage at a level crossing
Creators: name: Cholascinski, Mateusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss adiabatic quantum phenomena at a level crossing. Given a path in the parameter space which passes through a degeneracy point, we find a criterion which determines whether the adiabaticity condition can be satisfied. For paths that can be traversed adiabatically we also derive a differential equation which specifies the time dependence of the system parameters, for which transitions between distinct energy levels can be neglected. We also generalize the well-known geometric connections to the case of adiabatic paths containing arbitrarily many level-crossing points and degenerate levels.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, RevTeX4, changes requested by Phys. Rev. A
[euroCRIS Strategic Membership Meeting 2023] The analysis of the available software infrastructures for supporting research assessment reform
Creators: name: Ivanovic, Dragan
name: Pölönen, Janne
name: Hyrkkänen, Anna-Kaisa
name: Kari, Marita
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Slides and extended abstract from the session "The analysis of the available software infrastructures for supporting research assessment reform", held at the euroCRIS Strategic Membership Meeting on 23 November 2023 in Pamplona, Spain.
Any-to-Many Voice Conversion with Location-Relative Sequence-to-Sequence Modeling
Creators: name: Liu, Songxiang
name: Cao, Yuewen
name: Wang, Disong
name: Wu, Xixin
name: Liu, Xunying
name: Meng, Helen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper proposes an any-to-many location-relative, sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq), non-parallel voice conversion approach, which utilizes text supervision during training. In this approach, we combine a bottle-neck feature extractor (BNE) with a seq2seq synthesis module. During the training stage, an encoder-decoder-based hybrid connectionist-temporal-classification-attention (CTC-attention) phoneme recognizer is trained, whose encoder has a bottle-neck layer. A BNE is obtained from the phoneme recognizer and is utilized to extract speaker-independent, dense and rich spoken content representations from spectral features. Then a multi-speaker location-relative attention based seq2seq synthesis model is trained to reconstruct spectral features from the bottle-neck features, conditioning on speaker representations for speaker identity control in the generated speech. To mitigate the difficulties of using seq2seq models to align long sequences, we down-sample the input spectral feature along the temporal dimension and equip the synthesis model with a discretized mixture of logistic (MoL) attention mechanism. Since the phoneme recognizer is trained with large speech recognition data corpus, the proposed approach can conduct any-to-many voice conversion. Objective and subjective evaluations show that the proposed any-to-many approach has superior voice conversion performance in terms of both naturalness and speaker similarity. Ablation studies are conducted to confirm the effectiveness of feature selection and model design strategies in the proposed approach. The proposed VC approach can readily be extended to support any-to-any VC (also known as one/few-shot VC), and achieve high performance according to objective and subjective evaluations.
description: Accepted by IEEE/ACM Transactions on Audio, Speech and Language Processing
Dynamics of Quintessential Inflation
Creators: name: Zhai, Xiang-hua
name: Zhao, Yi-bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study a realistic model of quintessential inflation with radiation and matter. By the analysis of the dynamical system and numerical work about the evolution of the equation of state and cosmic density parameter, we show that this model is a good match for the current astronomical observation. The conclusion we obtain is in favor of the model where the modular part of complex field plays the role of the inflaton whereas the argument part is the quintessence field. The numerical calculation shows that a heteroclinic orbit (solution of dynamical system) which interpolates between early-time de Sitter phase (an unstable critical point) and a late-time de Sitter attractor.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
ASYMMETRIC INFORMATION AND THE PRICING OF NATURAL RESOURCES: THE CASE OF UNMETERED WATER; Proceedings of the Fifth Joint Conference on Agriculture, Food, and the Environment, June 17-18, 1996, Padova, Italy
Creators: name: Smith, Rodney B.W.
name: Tsur, Yacov
name: Smith, Rodney B.W.
name: Tsur, Yacov
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: This paper uses mechanism design theory to (i) propose a mechanism to price irrigation water when farmers are heterogeneous in their production technologies (adverse selection) and their individual water uses are unobserved (moral hazard) and (ii) discusses briefly when such a mechanism might be economically unreasonable. Unmetered irrigation water is often priced by imposing per-acre fees on cultivated acreage or by charging per-unit fees on observable inputs or outputs. The offered pricing procedure is based on the observed output and achieves a first-best outcome when implementation is free of transaction costs.