cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
(Mis-)Interpreting supernovae observations in a lumpy universe
Creators: name: Clarkson, Chris
name: Ellis, George
name: Faltenbacher, Andreas
name: Maartens, Roy
name: Umeh, Obinna
name: Uzan, Jean-Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Light from `point sources' such as supernovae is observed with a beam width of order of the sources' size - typically less than 1 AU. Such a beam probes matter and curvature distributions that are very different from coarse-grained representations in N-body simulations or perturbation theory, which are smoothed on scales much larger than 1 AU. The beam typically travels through unclustered dark matter and hydrogen with a mean density much less than the cosmic mean, and through dark matter halos and hydrogen clouds. Using N-body simulations, as well as a Press-Schechter approach, we quantify the density probability distribution as a function of beam width and show that, even for Gpc-length beams of 500 kpc diameter, most lines of sight are significantly under-dense. From this we argue that modelling the probability distribution for AU-diameter beams is absolutely critical. Standard analyses predict a huge variance for such tiny beam sizes, and nonlinear corrections appear to be non-trivial. It is not even clear whether under-dense regions lead to dimming or brightening of sources, owing to the uncertainty in modelling the expansion rate which we show is the dominant contribution. By considering different reasonable approximations which yield very different cosmologies we argue that modelling ultra-narrow beams accurately remains a critical problem for precision cosmology. This could appear as a discordance between angular diameter and luminosity distances when comparing SN observations to BAO or CMB distances.
description: 20 pages and 6 figures. v3 is a substantially revised version, now including detailed analysis of N-body and Press-Schechter predictions which indicate that even for 1Gpc/h length beams, the mean density sampled is significantly below the cosmic mean
A lower bound on blowup rates for the 3D incompressible Euler equation and a single exponential Beale-Kato-Majda type estimate
Creators: name: Chen, Thomas
name: Pavlović, Nataša
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 76B03

description: We prove a Beale-Kato-Majda type criterion for the loss of regularity for solutions of the incompressible Euler equations in $H^{s}({\mathbb R}^3)$, for $s>\frac52$. Instead of double exponential estimates of Beale-Kato-Majda type, we obtain a single exponential bound on $\|u(t)\|_{H^s}$ involving the length parameter introduced by P. Constantin in \cite{co1}. In particular, we derive lower bounds on the blowup rate of such solutions.
description: AMS Latex, 15 pages
An analysis of double exposure lithography options
Creators: name: Lee, Saul
name: Byers, Jeffrey
name: Jen, Kane
name: Zimmerman, Paul
name: Rice, Bryan
name: Turro, Nicholas J.
name: Willson, C. Grant
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Chemistry
subject: Chemical engineering
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering

description: The current optical photolithography technology is approaching the physical barrier to the minimum achievable feature size. To produce smaller devices, new resolution enhancement technologies must be developed. Double exposure lithography has shown promise as potential pathway that is attractive because it is much cheaper than double patterning lithography and it can be deployed on existing imaging tools. However, this technology is not possible without the development of new materials with nonlinear response to exposure dose. The performance of existing materials such as reversible contrast enhancement layers (rCELs) and theoretical materials such as intermediate state two-photon (ISTP) and optical threshold layer (OTL) materials in double exposure applications was investigated through computer simulation. All three materials yielded process windows in double exposure mode. OTL materials showed the largest process window (DOF 0.137 µm, EL 5.06 %). ISTP materials had the next largest process window (DOF 0.124 µm, EL 3.22 %) followed by the rCEL (0.105 µm, 0.58 %). This study is an analysis of the feasibility of using the materials in double exposure mode.
title: Christian Heinrich von Braunschweig-Lüneburg-Hannover
title: An entry in the LCA Online Dictionary of Leibniz’s Correspondents and Acquaintances
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Tba)
Publisher: name: LCA Project
Year: 2018

description: Christian Heinrich von Braunschweig-Lüneburg-Hannover as a personal relation of Leibniz’s: The resource presents biographical information on a correspondent of Leibniz's
The Puzzle of Privacy
Creators: name: Bellovin, Steven Michael
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Computer science

description: A number of recent news stories have made me wonder more about privacy. It's not just that the threats to privacy are increasing; rather, the problem is that the countervailing forces are becoming very much stronger. Was Scott McNealy right when he told us that we had no privacy and that we should just "get over it"?
Chlorophyll derivatives as visual pigments for super vision in the red
Creators: name: Washington, Ilyas
name: Zhou, Jilin
name: Jockusch, Steffen
name: Turro, Nicholas J.
name: Nakanishi, Koji
name: Sparrow, Janet R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Chemical engineering
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering
subject: Chemistry

description: The primary event in vision is light-initiated activation of visual pigments. All visual pigments consist of the protein opsin bound to 11-cis-retinal and are responsible for initiating the transformation of light into an electrical signal. In a mouse model, we show that derivatives of chlorophyll can act as visual pigments initiating the transformation of light into an electrical signal and thus change the primary event in vision to initial activation of a chlorophyll derivative. Electroretinographic b-wave amplitudes recorded in response to red and blue light were two-fold greater in mice administered chlorin e6, which accumulated in photoreceptor outer segments.
CISTEM Website Deliverable.D3.1
Creators: name: Stanojev Jovana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: H2020‐MSCA‐RISE‐2017
Website
Organ-on-a-Chip

description: The report of Deliverable D3.1 generally describes the website created for external and internal

communication. It presents the motivation behind the concept of the website, names the parties

responsible for the website and benefiting from it, describes the content of both public and

private sections, and defines the expected impact for the project consortium and the whole

community.
Strategic resource planning in healthcare under uncertainty : British Columbia Cancer Agency and Vancouver's Downtown Eastside
Creators: name: Werker, Gregory Robert
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: In two very different healthcare settings we demonstrate the benefits of long term planning using operations research (OR) tools. We present models that handle considerable variability using solutions based on relatively simple approximations. In the first setting we present a mixed integer program (MIP) with a goal programming (GP) formulation for strategic workforce planning at the British Columbia Cancer Agency (BCCA). Our model considers experience, minimum and maximum durations, and redundancy in staffing to guard against unanticipated employee leaves. We evaluate the model parameters using simulation, and analyze the simulation output with logistic and Poisson regression. The core model can be generalized to other workforce planning applications in healthcare or to other human resource intensive industries; the full BCCA model illustrates a real-world implementation. This research introduces to the workforce planning literature a technique for building robustness into the plan, together with experience and duration constraints. In the second setting we study a marginalized population for which myriad organizations provide healthcare and other services in the absence of system-level quantitative planning. We use a queueing network to model clients with complex concurrent disorders (CCD) flowing through services in Vancouver’s Downtown Eastside (DTES). We perform sensitivity analysis on the input parameters, validate our solution against a simulation model, and conduct scenario comparisons to evaluate potential procedural and policy changes to the system. To analyze this network we present a novel approximation technique—-called a linearized closed queueing network (LCQN)—-for solving closed queueing networks. By using an open queueing network with the fixed population mean (FPM) approach, and by including a trick for dealing with capacitated stations, we create a network representation that is solved with a linear program (LP). This method scales to much larger systems. We derive the approximation ratio between this approximation and the exact solution for a small network, and use simulation to show that this gap is of no practical significance for the full network.
Outlook for potential third-generation immersion fluids
Creators: name: LÃ³pez-Gejo, Juan
name: Kunjappu, Joy T.
name: Zhou, J.
name: Smith, Bruce W.
name: Zimmerman, Paul
name: Conley, Will
name: Turro, Nicholas J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Chemistry
subject: Chemical engineering
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering

description: In a search for alkane candidates for 193 nm immersion fluids, several alkanes and cycloalkanes were synthesized, purified and screened to ascertain their absorption at 193 nm, refractive index and temperature dispersion coefficient in the context of the actual application. In general, cycloalkanes, and more specifically polycycloalkanes, possess a higher refractive index than do linear alkanes. Decalin, cyclodecane, perhydrophenanthreme (PHP), perhydrofluorene (PHF) and perhydropyrene (PHPY) are examined as potential second and third generation immersion fluids. The use of perhydropyrene, which possesses a high refractive index of 1.7014 at 193 nm, may be limited as an immersion fluid because of high absorption at 193 nm. Mixtures of cycloalkanes can lead to a higher enhancement of the refractive index together with a decrease on the viscosity. Exhaustive purification of the fluids is a critical step in determining the real absorption of the different fluids at 193 nm. Two simple purification processes of these cycloalkanes were developed that led to low absorption fluids in the VUV region. The possibility of forming the oxygen complex in aerated fluids was reduced by purging samples with argon or nitrogen. This easy elimination of the oxygen complex shows the weak bonding nature of this complex.
title: Zu viel des Guten: Übermäßige Risikotoleranz schadet Kleinunternehmer*innen
Creators: name: Mazurek, Kilian
name: Menkhoff, Lukas
Publisher: name: DIW - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: D22 Firm Behavior: Empirical Analysis
subject: D81 Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and Uncertainty
subject: L26 Entrepreneurship
subject: M21 Business Economics
subject: risk tolerance
subject: entrepreneurs
subject: profits
subject: investments

description: Kleine Unternehmen leiden gegenwärtig besonders unter dem geringen Wirtschaftswachstum, dem schwachen Konsum und den hohen Energiepreisen. Obwohl sie oftmals weniger als fünf Mitarbeiter*innen beschäftigen, hängen allein in Deutschland Millionen von Jobs an Kleinunternehmen, die damit einen großen Teil der Beschäftigung ausmachen. Doch welche persönlichen Eigenschaften unterscheiden erfolgreiche von erfolglosen Kleinunternehmer*innen? Eine entscheidende Rolle spielt Risikotoleranz, zeigen Befragungsdaten aus Uganda. Zwar unterscheidet sich Uganda in vielen Punkten von Deutschland, doch weisen die Daten die international bekannte Grundstruktur auf, so dass sich Erkenntnisse auch auf Deutschland übertragen lassen. Kleinunternehmer*innen mit einer zu hohen oder zu geringen Risikotoleranz sind oftmals weniger profitabel und haben geringere Chancen, dass ihr Unternehmen Krisensituationen übersteht. Im Gegensatz dazu sind Kleinunternehmer*innen mit einer moderaten Risikotoleranz oft profitabler und besser aufgestellt, um Herausforderungen zu bewältigen. Moderates Risikoverhalten müsste also mehr gefördert werden und Schulungen zu Existenzgründungen sollten die persönliche Risikotoleranz entsprechend differenziert einbeziehen.
description: DIW Wochenbericht, 91 (2024), 29, S. 469-475
Combinatorial fluorescence energy transfer molecular beacons for probing nucleic acid sequences
Creators: name: Li, Xiaoxu
name: Li, Zengmin
name: Martí, Angel A.
name: Jockusch, Steffen
name: Stevens, Nathan
name: Akins, Daniel L.
name: Turro, Nicholas J.
name: Ju, Jingyue
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Chemical engineering
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering
subject: Chemistry

description: We report the design, synthesis, and characterization of molecular beacons (MB) consisting of three distinct fluorophores, 6-carboxyfluorescein (Fam), N,N,N ,N -tetramethyl-6-carboxyrhodamine (Tam), and Cyanine-5 (Cy5). The primary light absorber/energy donor (Fam) is located on one terminus of the MB, whereas the primary energy acceptor/secondary donor (Tam) and secondary acceptor (Cy5) are located at the other terminus of the MB. In the absence of target DNA or RNA, the MB exists in the stem-closed form. Excitation of Fam initiates an energy transfer cascade from Fam to Tam and further to Cy5 generating unique fluorescence signatures defined as the ratio of the emission from each of the three fluorophores. This energy transfer cascade was investigated in detail by steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy, as well as fluorescence depolarization studies. In the presence of the complementary target DNA, the MB opened efficiently and hybridized with the target separating Fam and Tam by a large distance, so that energy transfer from Fam to Tam was blocked in the stem-open form. This opening of the MB generates a "bar code" fluorescence signature, which is different from the signature of the stem-closed MB. The fluorescence signature of this combinatorial fluorescence energy transfer MB can be tuned by variation of the spacer length between the individual fluorophores.
Squeezing the most out of ATM
Creators: name: Choudhury, Gagan L.
name: Lucantoni, David M.
name: Whitt, Ward
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1996
Subjects: Industrial engineering

description: Although ATM seems to be the wave of the future, one analysis requires that the utilization of the network be quite low. That analysis is based on asymptotic decay rates of steady-state distributions used to develop a concept of effective bandwidths for connection admission control. The present authors have developed an exact numerical algorithm that shows that the effective-bandwidth approximation can overestimate the target small blocking probabilities by several orders of magnitude when there are many sources that are more bursty than Poisson. The bad news is that the appealing simple connection admission control algorithm using effective bandwidths based solely on tail-probability asymptotic decay rates may actually not be as effective as many have hoped. The good news is that the statistical multiplexing gain on ATM networks may actually be higher than some have feared. For one example, thought to be realistic, the analysis indicates that the network actually can support twice as many sources as predicted by the effective-bandwidth approximation. The authors also show that the effective bandwidth approximation is not always conservative. Specifically, for sources less bursty than Poisson, the asymptotic constant grows exponentially in the number of sources (when they are scaled as above) and the effective-bandwidth approximation can greatly underestimate the target blocking probabilities. Finally, they develop new approximations that work much better than the pure effective-bandwidth approximation.
Voltaire and the Necessity of Modern History
Creators: name: Force, Pierre
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: French literature
History

description: This article revisits what has often been called the "naive presentism" of Voltaire's historical work. It looks at the methodological and philosophical reasons for Voltaire's deliberate focus on modern history as opposed to ancient history, his refusal to "make allowances for time" in judging the past, and his extreme selectiveness in determining the relevance of past events to world history. Voltaire's historical practice is put in the context of the quarrel of the ancients and the moderns, and considered in a tradition of universal history going back to Bossuet and leading up to nineteenth-century German historicism. Paradoxically, Voltaire is a major figure in the history of historiography not in spite of his presentism (as Ernst Cassirer and Peter Gay have argued), but because of it.
title: Christine Louise von Braunschweig-Lüneburg-Wolfenbüttel
title: An entry in the LCA Online Dictionary of Leibniz’s Correspondents and Acquaintances
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Tba)
Publisher: name: LCA Project
Year: 2018

description: Christine Louise von Braunschweig-Lüneburg-Wolfenbüttel as a personal relation of Leibniz’s: The resource presents biographical information on a correspondent of Leibniz's
Particle-in-cell simulations of particle energization from low Mach number fast mode shocks
Creators: name: Park, Jaehong
name: Workman, Jared C.
name: Blackman, Eric G.
name: Ren, Chuang
name: Siller, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Astrophysical shocks are often studied in the high Mach number limit but weakly compressive fast shocks can occur in magnetic reconnection outflows and are considered to be a site of particle energization in solar flares. Here we study the microphysics of such perpendicular, low Mach number collisionless shocks using two-dimensional particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations with a reduced ion/electron mass ratio and employ a moving wall boundary method for initial generation of the shock. This moving wall method allows for more control of the shock speed, smaller simulation box sizes, and longer simulation times than the commonly used fixed wall, reflection method of shock formation. Our results, which are independent of the shock formation method, reveal the prevalence shock drift acceleration (SDA) of both electron and ions in a purely perpendicular shock with Alfvén Mach number $M_A=6.8$ and ratio of thermal to magnetic pressure $β=8$. We determine the respective minimum energies required for electrons and ions to incur SDA. We derive a theoretical electron distribution via SDA that compares to the simulation results. We also show that a modified two-stream instability due to the incoming and reflecting ions in the shock transition region acts as the mechanism to generate collisionless plasma turbulence that sustains the shock.
Integrable generalizations of oscillator and Coulomb systems via action-angle variables
Creators: name: Hakobyan, Tigran
name: Lechtenfeld, Olaf
name: Nersessian, Armen
name: Saghatelian, Armen
name: Yeghikyan, Vahagn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Oscillator and Coulomb systems on N-dimensional spaces of constant curvature can be generalized by replacing their angular degrees of freedom with a compact integrable (N-1)-dimensional system. We present the action-angle formulation of such models in terms of theradial degree of freedom and the action-angle variables of the angular subsystem. As an example, we construct the spherical and pseudospherical generalization of the two-dimensional superintegrable models introduced by Tremblay, Turbiner and Winternitz and by Post and Winternitz. We demonstrate the superintegrability of these systems and give their hidden constant of motion.
description: 10 pages; v2: formulae for hidden integrals and two refs. added, typos fixed, published version
Ski piste heat budget : a case study at the Whistler ski resort, British Columbia, Canada
Creators: name: Howard, Rosemary
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Accurately calculating snow-surface temperature and liquid-water content for a groomed and compacted ski run, known as a ski piste, is crucial to the preparation of fast skis for alpine racing. This dissertation case study focuses on modelling the above variables for a clear-sky intensive observation period in February 2010. An automated weather station collected relevant meteorological data at a point on a ski piste in Whistler, BC, Canada, known as RC Whistler. The radiation budget is fundamental to this problem, and is affected by tall trees dominating the local horizon. Tree temperature was measured using an infrared camera to estimate thermal emissions. This data, along with calculations of sky downwelling longwave radiation by a radiative transfer model, was input to a new model created for this research. Longwave radiation contributions from trees and sky were weighted by their view factors, which had been calculated from a theodolite survey. Model output is total downwelling longwave radiation at the snow surface for RC Whistler, under clear skies. Downwelling solar radiation penetrates the snowpack, while the surface itself undergoes infrared cooling, resulting in a substantial temperature gradient just beneath the snow surface. A new one-dimensional numerical Lagrangian snowpack model has been written, solving the heat-, liquid-water-, and ice-budget equations to calculate the snow-surface temperature. Meteorological measurements from the clear-sky intensive observation period are prescribed as boundary conditions. Model components and parameters are validated and chosen with idealized model runs. In addition to natural atmospheric processes occurring at and just above the snow surface, human factors were considered. These are frequent skiers compacting the snowpack, and grooming snowcats that churn the top layer of the snowpack and work to increase the snow density and hardness, usually once daily. These effects are simulated in the numerical model. The model successfully simulates snow-surface temperature for the RC Whistler clear-sky intensive observation period. This exploratory investigation indicates that the model shows promise. It is a starting point for a more sophisticated version, incorporating complex boundary conditions such as precipitation and cloudiness, and later being driven by numerical weather prediction output.
An in-silico approach to identify the potential hot spots in SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD to block the interaction with ACE2 receptor
Creators: name: Stalin, Antony
name: Lin, Ding
name: Kannan, Balakrishnan Senthamarai
name: Feng, Yue
name: Wang, Yanjing
name: Zhao, Wei
name: Ignacimuthu, Savarimuthu
name: Wei, Dong-Qing
name: Chen, Yuan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: A novel acute viral pneumonia induced by SARS-CoV-2 exploded at the end of 2019, causing a severe medical and economic crisis. For developing specific pharmacotherapy against SARS-CoV-2, an in silico virtual screening was developed for the available in-house molecules. The conserved domain analysis was performed to identify the highly conserved and exposed amino acid regions in the SARS-CoV-2-S RBD sites. The Protein-Protein interaction analyses demonstrated the higher affinity between the SARS-CoV-2-S and ACE2 due to varieties of significant interactions between them. The computational alanine scanning mutation study has recognized the highly stabilized amino acids in the SARS-CoV-2-S RBD/ACE2 complex. The cumulative sequence investigations have inferred that Lys417, Phe486, Asn487, Tyr489, and Gln493 are perhaps the iconic target amino acids to develop a drug molecule or vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Most of the selected compounds include luteolin, zhebeirine, 3-dehydroverticine, embelin, andrographolide, ophiopogonin D, crocin-1, sprengerinin A, B, C, peimine, etc. were exhibited distinguish drug actions through the strong hydrogen bonding with the hot spots of the RBD. Besides, the 100 ns molecular dynamics simulation and free energy binding analysis showed the significant efficacy of luteolin to inhibit the infection of SARS-CoV-2. Highlights:Highly conserved and exposed amino acids in the SARS-CoV-2-S-RBD sites has been identifiedComputational alanine scanning mutation study has recognized the highly stabilized hot spots in the SARS-CoV-2-S RBD/ACE2 complex.Virtual screening has been executed to identify the drug actions in the RBD regionMost of the selected natural products were involved in the distinctive strong interactions with hot spots of RBD to inhibit the infection of SARS-CoV-2. Highly conserved and exposed amino acids in the SARS-CoV-2-S-RBD sites has been identified Computational alanine scanning mutation study has recognized the highly stabilized hot spots in the SARS-CoV-2-S RBD/ACE2 complex. Virtual screening has been executed to identify the drug actions in the RBD region Most of the selected natural products were involved in the distinctive strong interactions with hot spots of RBD to inhibit the infection of SARS-CoV-2. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
SLM microscopy: scanless two-photon imaging and photostimulation using spatial light modulators
Creators: name: Nikolenko, Volodymyr
name: Watson, Brendon O.
name: Araya, Roberto
name: Woodruff, Alan
name: Peterka, Darcy
name: Yuste, Rafael
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Biology
subject: Medicine
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Laser microscopy has generally poor temporal resolution, because of the serial scanning of each pixel. This is a significant problem for imaging or optically manipulating neural circuits since neuronal activity is fast. To help surmount this limitation, we have developed a "scanless" microscope that does not contain mechanically moving parts. This microscope uses a diffractive Spatial Light Modulator (SLM) to shape an incoming two-photon laser source into any arbitrary light pattern. This allows the simultaneous imaging or photostimulation of different regions of a sample with three-dimensional precision. To demonstrate the usefulness of this microscope, we perform two-photon uncaging of glutamate to activate dendritic spines and cortical neurons in brain slices. We also use it to carry out two-photon calcium imaging of action potentials in neuronal populations at 60 Hz. Thus, SLM microscopy appears to be a powerful tool for imaging and optically manipulating neurons and neuronal circuits. Moreover, the use of SLMs generally expands the flexibility of laser microscopy, as it can substitute traditional fixed lenses with any calculated lens function.
Nonequilibrium conductance of a nanodevice for small bias voltage
Creators: name: Aligia, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using non-equilibrium renormalized perturbation theory, we calculate the retarded and lesser self energies, the spectral density rho(omega) near the Fermi energy, and the conductance G through a quantum dot as a function of a small bias voltage V, in the general case of electron-hole asymmetry and intermediate valence. The linear terms in omega and V are given exactly in terms of thermodynamic quantities. When the energy necessary to add the first electron (Ed) and the second one (Ed+U) in the quantum dot are not symmetrically placed around the Fermi level, G has a linear term in V if in addition either the voltage drop or the coupling to the leads is not symmetric. The effects of temperature are discussed. The results simplify for a symmetric voltage drop, a situation usual in experiment.
description: 15 pages in one-column format. 2 figures. Additions: a note at the end, a scheme of the system and some references. Accepted for publication in J. Phys. Condens. Matter
$\bar{D}^{0}D^{0*}$ $(D^{0}\bar{D}^{0*})$ System in QCD-Improved Many Body Potential
Creators: name: Jamil, M. Imran
name: Masud, Bilal
name: Akram, Faisal
name: Gilani, S. M. Sohail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a system of current interest (composed of charm, anticharm quarks and a pair of light ones), we show trends in phenomenological implications of QCD-based improvements to a simple quark model treatment. We employ resonating group method to render this difficult four-body problem manageable. We use a quadratic confinement so as to be able to improve beyond the Born approximation. We report the position of the pole corresponding to $\bar{D}^{0}D^{0*}$ molecule for the best fit of a model parameter to the relevant QCD simulations. We point out the interesting possibility that the pole can be shifted to $3872$ MeV by introducing another parameter $I_{0}$ that changes the strength of the interaction in this one component of $X(3872)$. The revised value of this second parameter can guide future trends in modeling of the full exotic meson $X(3872)$. We also report the changes with $I_{0}$ in the $S$-wave spin averaged cross sections for $\bar{D}^{0}D^{0*}\longrightarrowωJ/ψ$ and $\bar{D}^{0}D^{0*}\longrightarrowρJ/ψ$. These cross sections are important regarding the study of QGP (quark gluon plasma).
description: It is to be published in Chinese Physics C
title: Christian Ludwig I von Mecklenburg-Schwerin
title: An entry in the LCA Online Dictionary of Leibniz’s Correspondents and Acquaintances
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Tba)
Publisher: name: LCA Project
Year: 2018

description: Christian Ludwig I von Mecklenburg-Schwerin as a personal relation of Leibniz’s: The resource presents biographical information on a correspondent of Leibniz's
Accuracy of numerical relativity waveforms from binary neutron star mergers and their comparison with post-Newtonian waveforms
Creators: name: Bernuzzi, Sebastiano
name: Thierfelder, Marcus
name: Bruegmann, Bernd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present numerical relativity simulations of nine-orbit equal-mass binary neutron star covering the quasicircular late inspiral and merger. The extracted gravitational waveforms are analyzed for convergence and accuracy. Second order convergence is observed up to contact, i.e. about 3-4 cycles to merger; error estimates can be made up to this point. The uncertainties on the phase and the amplitude are dominated by truncation errors and can be minimized to 0.13 rad and less then 1%, respectively, by using several simulations and extrapolating in resolution. In the latter case finite-radius extraction uncertainties become a source of error of the same order and have to be taken into account. The waveforms are tested against accuracy standards for data analysis. The uncertainties on the waveforms are such that accuracy standards are generically not met for signal-to-noise ratios relevant for detection, except for some best cases using extrapolation from several runs. A detailed analysis of the errors is thus imperative for the use of numerical relativity waveforms from binary neutron stars in quantitative studies. The waveforms are compared with the post-Newtonian Taylor T4 approximants both for point-particle and including the analytically known tidal corrections. The T4 approximants accumulate significant phase differences of 2 rad at contact and 4 rad at merger, underestimating the influence of finite size effects. Tidal signatures in the waveforms are thus important at least during the last six orbits of the merger process.
description: Physical Review D (Vol.85, No.10) 2012
Evidence for the charmless annihilation decay mode $B^0_s \to π^+π^-$
Creators: name: CDF Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We search for annihilation decay modes of neutral $b$ mesons into pairs of charmless charged hadrons with the upgraded Collider Detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. Using a data sample corresponding to 6 fb$^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity, we obtain the first evidence for the $B^0_s \to π^+π^-$ decay, with a significance of $3.7σ$, and a measured branching ratio $\mathcal{B}(B^0_s \to π^+π^-)= (0.57 \pm 0.15 (stat) \pm 0.10 (syst))\times 10^{-6}$. A search for the $B^0 \to K^+K^-$ mode in the same sample yields a significance of $2.0σ$, and a central value estimate $\mathcal{B}(B^0 \to K^+K^-)= (0.23 \pm 0.10 (stat) \pm 0.10 (syst))\times 10^{-6}$.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables. Accepted by Phys.Rev.Lett
title: Egalitäre Aufteilung von Erwerbs- und Sorgearbeit sollte finanziell attraktiver werden: Interview
Creators: name: Wrohlich, Katharina
name: Wittenberg, Erich
Publisher: name: DIW - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Year: 2024

description: DIW Wochenbericht, 91 (2024), 29, S. 467
title: Giovanni Giusto Ciampini
title: An entry in the LCA Online Dictionary of Leibniz’s Correspondents and Acquaintances
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Tba)
Publisher: name: LCA Project
Year: 2018

description: Giovanni Giusto Ciampini as a personal relation of Leibniz’s: The resource presents biographical information on a correspondent of Leibniz's
Physical and chemical quenching rates and their influence on stereoselective photooxygenation of oxazolidinone-functionalized enecarbamates
Creators: name: Solomon, Marissa Rowanda
name: Sivaguru, J.
name: Adam, Waldemar
name: Jockusch, Steffen
name: Turro, Nicholas J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Chemistry
subject: Chemical engineering
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering

description: Physical and chemical quenching rate constants were measured for the reaction of singlet oxygen with oxazolidinone-functionalized enecarbamates to investigate the role of vibrational deactivation in product stereoselectivity.
title: Nicola Agostino Cima
title: An entry in the LCA Online Dictionary of Leibniz’s Correspondents and Acquaintances
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Tba)
Publisher: name: LCA Project
Year: 2018

description: Nicola Agostino Cima as a personal relation of Leibniz’s: The resource presents biographical information on a correspondent of Leibniz's
Additional file 9: of Mitochondrial genomes of two diplectanids (Platyhelminthes: Monogenea) expose paraphyly of the order Dactylogyridea and extensive tRNA gene rearrangements
Creators: name: Zhang, Dong
name: Li, Wen
name: Zou, Hong
name: Wu, Shan
name: Li, Ming
name: JakovliÄ, Ivan
name: Zhang, Jin
name: Chen, Rong
name: Wang, Gui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Figure S7. Transformational pathway from the gene orders of the two diplectanids to the most similar monogenean gene arrangements. (PDF 992 kb)
title: Cesare Cimicelli
title: An entry in the LCA Online Dictionary of Leibniz’s Correspondents and Acquaintances
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Tba)
Publisher: name: LCA Project
Year: 2018

description: Cesare Cimicelli as a personal relation of Leibniz’s: The resource presents biographical information on a correspondent of Leibniz's
title: Aufteilung von Erwerbs- und Sorgearbeit bei Eltern: Wunsch und Wirklichkeit liegen teils weit auseinander
Creators: name: Gambaro, Ludovica
name: Gehlen, Annica
name: Spieß, C. Katharina
name: Wrohlich, Katharina
name: Ziege, Elena
Publisher: name: DIW - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: D13 Household Production and Intrahousehold Allocation
subject: J16 Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
subject: J22 Time Allocation and Labor Supply
subject: family labor supply
subject: gender gaps
subject: social norms
subject: tax and transfer system
subject: work incentives

description: Mütter und Väter teilen sich die Erwerbs- und Sorgearbeit in Deutschland im Durchschnitt sehr ungleich auf. Frauen gehen oftmals nur in Teilzeit einer Erwerbstätigkeit nach – weitere geschlechtsspezifische Ungleichheiten auf dem Arbeitsmarkt sind die Folge. Aktuelle Auswertungen von Daten des familiendemografischen Panels FReDA zeigen, dass die Vorstellungen über die ideale Aufteilung der Erwerbsarbeit bei Paaren mit Kindern unter zwölf Jahren in der Bevölkerung deutlich egalitärer sind als die gelebte Wirklichkeit der Paare mit Kindern in der entsprechenden Altersgruppe. Einer der strukturellen Gründe für diese Diskrepzanz sind die finanziellen Anreize des deutschen Steuer- und Transfersystems, die sich für verheiratete Paare insbesondere aus dem Zusammenspiel von Ehegattensplitting und steuerlicher Behandlung von Minijobs ergeben. Hinzu kommen eine unzureichende Kinderbetreuungsinfrastruktur und der nach wie vor sehr hohe Gender Pay Gap in Deutschland. Will die Politik geschlechtsspezifische Ungleichheiten auf dem Arbeitsmarkt abbauen, sollten das Steuer- und Transfersystem modernisiert und Kita-Angebote weiter ausgebaut werden, um eine gleichmäßigere Aufteilung der Erwerbs- und Sorgearbeit attraktiver zu machen.
description: DIW Wochenbericht, 91 (2024), 29, S. 459-466
Response to Amir Attaran
Creators: name: McArthur, John W.
name: Sachs, Jeffrey D.
name: Schmidt-Traub, Guido
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Managerial economics
Economics

description: Amir Attaran's Policy Forum raises important points on the poor quality of data for some indicators used to measure progress on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), but, sadly, uses these findings to draw the wrong conclusions. The evidence he presents on a small number of indicators is partial, and does not justify his conclusion that the MDGs might become a liability and are doomed to fail. Quite the opposite is the case.
Optimizing Logistics Management of Entrepreneurs Border Trade Thailand - Combodia Surin Province
Creators: name: Thumnong  Chidchob
Publisher: name: Pibulsongkram Rajabhat University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Optimizing
Logistics management
Entrepreneurs

description: Humanities and Social Sciences Journal of Pibulsongkram Rajabhat University, 17, 2, 638-658
Perspectives on using remotely-sensed imagery in predictive veterinary epidemiology and global early warning systems
Creators: name: Martin, Vincent
name: De Simone, Lorenzo
name: Lubroth, Juan
name: Ceccato, Pietro N.
name: Chevalier, Véronique
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Science--Social aspects
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Epidemiology

description: Recent disease epidemics and their spread around the world have illustrated the weaknesses of disease surveillance and early warning systems (EWS), both at national and international levels. These diseases continuously threaten the livestock sector on a worldwide basis, some with major public health impact. EWS and accurate forecasting of new outbreaks of epidemic livestock diseases that may also affect wildlife, and the capacity for spread of such diseases to new areas is an essential pre-requisite to their effective containment and control. Because both the geographical and seasonal distribution of many infectious diseases are linked to climate, the possibility of using climaterelated environmental factors as predictive indicators, in association with regular disease surveillance activities, has proven to be relevant when establishing EWS for climate-related diseases. This article reviews the growing importance of using geographical information systems in predictive veterinary epidemiology and its integration into EWS, with a special focus on Rift Valley fever. It shows that, once fully validated in a country or region, this technology appears highly valuable and could play an increasing role in forecasting major epidemics, providing lead time to national veterinary services to take action to mitigate the impact of the disease in a cost-effective manner.
title: Übergang zur Klimaneutralität: Potenzial nachhaltiger Finanztaxonomien noch nicht ausgeschöpft
Creators: name: Marchewitz, Catherine
name: Schütze, Franziska
name: Ballesteros, Fernanda
Publisher: name: DIW - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: G18 General Financial Markets: Government Policy and Regulation
subject: P00 Economic Systems: General
subject: Q01 Sustainable Development
subject: Q58 Environmental Economics: Government Policy
subject: Sustainable Finance Taxonomy
subject: Green Finance
subject: Transition Finance
subject: EU Taxonomy
subject: climate policy
subject: transition plans

description: Nachhaltige Finanztaxonomien wie die Taxonomie der Europäischen Union (EU) können den Übergang zur Klimaneutralität unterstützen. Als Klassifizierungssysteme sollen sie Transparenz und Orientierung bieten, wie Finanzströme in nachhaltige und klimaschonende Aktivitäten gelenkt werden können. In diesem Wochenbericht werden nachhaltige Taxonomien in 26 Ländern und Regionen weltweit anhand von fünf Kriterien analysiert. Die Untersuchung zeigt: Viele Taxonomien verfolgen zwar einen umfassenden Nachhaltigkeitsansatz, die Entwicklung verbindlicher Kriterien steht aber oft noch aus. Der Anteil der durch die Taxonomie erfassten Emissionen eines Landes beziehungsweise einer Region variiert stark, da unterschiedliche Ansätze für die Bestimmung taxonomiekonformer Aktivitäten bestehen. Taxonomien gelten oft nur für einen begrenzten Kreis an Marktteilnehmer* innen und sind selten an verbindliche Berichtspflichten geknüpft. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass es unter anderem einer besseren Abstimmung zwischen den Taxonomien weltweit bedarf und die Kriterien und Schwellenwerte für die Auswahl taxonomiekonformer Tätigkeiten im Einklang mit dem Pariser Klimaabkommen stehen sollten, damit Taxonomien ihr volles Lenkungspotenzial entfalten können.
description: DIW Wochenbericht, 91 (2024), 28, S. 443-451
Der generische Data Steward als Brücke zwischen Forschung und Forschungsdatenmanagement: Erste Einblicke und Perspektiven aus dem CARDS-Projekt
Creators: name: Seltmann, Stefanie
name: Bobrov, Evgeny
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Im Rahmen des CARDS-Projekts (Collaboratively Advancing Research Data Support) wird ein innovatives Modell entwickelt, welches darauf abzielt, das Forschungsdatenmanagement (FDM) bedarfsorientiert und nachhaltig in den Forschungsalltag zu integrieren. Im Rahmen des neu initiierten Teilprojekts 2 erfolgt die Etablierung des generischen Data Steward-Modells innerhalb der Exzellenzcluster der Berlin University Alliance (BUA). Das übergeordnete Ziel besteht in der Verbesserung der Datenmanagementpraktiken, der Stärkung der Nachnutzbarkeit von Forschungsdaten sowie der Förderung des Austauschs zu FDM-Themen clusterübergreifend.Der Data Steward soll dabei direkt in den Forschungsteams für einen Zeitraum von ein bis drei Monaten tätig sein. Sein Aufgabenbereich umfasst spezifische FDM-Aufgaben wie die Speicherung, Strukturierung, Bereinigung, Dokumentation und Veröffentlichung von Daten. In diesem Rahmen soll auf etablierte Standards und Plattformen zurückgegriffen, umfassende README-Dateien und Metadaten erstellt sowie die Integration von FDM in die alltägliche Forschungsarbeit unterstützt werden. Das Poster dient der Reflexion der ersten Erfahrungen mit dem Data Steward-Modell.
QORAQALPOǴİSTONDA ERLARNI REKUL`TIVACIYALASH ISHLARINI FAOLLASHTIRISH MASALALARI
Creators: name: Reimov, Nietbay
name: Turdıshev, Bekmurat
name: Reimov, Ómirbay
name: Xojamuratov, Salamat
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Qoraqalpoǵiston Respublikasida suv taqchilligi kuchayib, qurib borayotgan Orol dengizi qoridan har yil 16 million tonnadan kuproq changli-tuzangli-tuzlar aralashmasi ekish erlariga kelib tushmaqda. Erlarning degradaciyalanishb har xil sabablar bilan faol foydalanishdan chiqib ketish jarayonlari  kuchayib bormaqda. Bunga asosiy sabablardansuv tanqisligi, dehqonchilik uchun zarur bwlgan suv ehtiyojining 1999-2001 chi yillari  39-41% ga, 2007-2010 chi yillari 50-55% ga  va sungi yillari suv ta`minati 54-58 %gacha kamayishi, Orolga umuman suv tushmay quyganligi, insoniyatni tashvishlantiradi.
"'A meanes to knitt them togeather': The Exchange of Body Parts in the Pequot War"
Creators: name: Lipman, Andrew Charles
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: History
Pequot War (1636-1638)
Pequot Indians
Algonquian Indians
Colonists
Dismemberment
Ceremonial exchange

description: This article argues that the exchange of wartime trophies between Native peoples and their colonial allies in the 1636-8 English war against the Pequots served as a kind of diplomatic act of translation (and mistranslation) between different cultures of violence, one that Native partners hoped would ensure an alliance, but ironically served to enable a conquest of sorts.
A variant prescribed curvature flow on closed surfaces with negative Euler characteristic
Creators: name: Borer, Franziska
name: Elbau, Peter
name: Weth, Tobias
Publisher: name: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::510 Mathematik::510 Mathematik
subject: closed surfaces
subject: negative Euler characteristic
subject: variant prescribed curvature flow
subject: closed Riemannian surface
subject: Gauss curvatures

description: On a closed Riemannian surface (M,{\bar{g}}) with negative Euler characteristic, we study the problem of finding conformal metrics with prescribed volume A > 0 and the property that their Gauss curvatures f_λ = f + λ are given as the sum of a prescribed function f \in C^\infty (M) and an additive constant λ. Our main tool in this study is a new variant of the prescribed Gauss curvature flow, for which we establish local well-posedness and global compactness results. In contrast to previous work, our approach does not require any sign conditions on f. Moreover, we exhibit conditions under which the function f_λ is sign changing and the standard prescribed Gauss curvature flow is not applicable.
The Critical Importance of Software for HEP
Creators: name: Stewart, Graeme Andrew
name: Jouvin, Michel
name: Agapopoulou, Christina
name: Antel, Claire
name: Bhattacharya, Saptaparna
name: Gardiner, Steven
name: Genser, Krzysztof
name: Gooding, James Andrew
name: Held, Alexander
name: Hernández Villanueva, Michel Enrique
name: Lari, Tommaso
name: Lukashenko, Valeriia
name: Malik, Sudhir
name: Moreno Briceño, Alexander
name: Mrenna, Stephen
name: Ochoa, Inês
name: Osborn, Joseph
name: Pivarski, Jim
name: Price, Alan
name: Rodrigues, Eduardo
name: Sharma, Richa
name: Smith, Nicholas
name: Zaborowska, Anna
name: Zerwas, Dirk
name: van Veghel, Maarten
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Software
subject: Software development

description: HEP Software Foundation prepared inputs for the European Particle Physics Strategy Update, 2025.