cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Communication 10: Pathway to accessible and sustainable clean water to communities in developing economies through a collaborative support model: A case study in Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6
Creators: name: Ramani Priyadarshani Gallellalage
name: Ovinda Wijeyaratne
name: Bandula Senadeera
Publisher: name: De Montfort University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 129999 Built Environment and Design not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: 120404 Engineering Systems Design
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: 120504 Land Use and Environmental Planning
subject: FOS: Social and economic geography

description: In Sri-Lanka, due to climate change, most of the rural villages have difficulty accessing clean water. With the United Nations (UN) initiatives set in 2015 to Transform the world by 2030, 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are set to tackle multiple challenges humankind is facing to ensure economic prosperity and environmental protection. However, due to the disparities between developed and developing economies, some developing countries such as Sri-Lanka will require a more substantial design and implementation to achieve the SDGs effectively. In this paper, a collaborative support model has been developed to provide clean water to Hippola village, Sri-Lanka. The Participatory Action Research approach is adopted in formulating, implementing and evaluating the model. Results suggest clean water (SDG6) has a synergistic impact on improving health (SDG3) and reducing poverty (SDG1) in Hippola village. However, these findings are limited to a village that depends on agriculture produce as their main source of income.
The WTO, Agricultural Trade Reform and the Environment: Nitrogen and Agro-chemical Indicators for the OECD: Technical Annex
Creators: name: Rae, Allan N.
name: Strutt, Anna
name: Rae, Allan N.
name: Strutt, Anna
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: This document is the technical annex to the full paper "The WTO, Agricultural Trade Reform and the Environment: Nitrogen and Agro-chemical Indicators for the OECD" which is available separately.
First preliminary tests of the general relativistic gravitomagnetic field of the Sun and new constraints on a Yukawa-like fifth force from planetary data
Creators: name: Iorio, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The general relativistic Lense-Thirring precessions of the perihelia of the inner planets of the Solar System are about 10^-3 arcseconds per century. Recent improvements in planetary orbit determination may yield the first observational evidence of such a tiny effect. Indeed, corrections to the known perihelion rates of -0.0036 +/- 0.0050, -0.0002 +/- 0.0004 and 0.0001 +/- 0.0005 arcseconds per century were recently estimated by E.V. Pitjeva for Mercury, the Earth and Mars, respectively, on the basis of the EPM2004 ephemerides and a set of more than 317,000 observations of various kinds. The predicted relativistic Lense-Thirring precessions for these planets are -0.0020, -0.0001 and -3 10^-5 arcseconds per century, respectively and are compatible with the determined perihelia corrections. The relativistic predictions fit better than the zero-effect hypothesis, especially if a suitable linear combination of the perihelia of Mercury and the Earth, which a priori cancels out any possible bias due to the solar quadrupole mass moment, is considered. However, the experimental errors are still large. Also the latest data for Mercury processed independently by Fienga et al. with the INPOP ephemerides yield preliminary insights about the existence of the solar Lense-Thirring effect. The data from the forthcoming planetary mission BepiColombo will improve our knowledge of the orbital motion of this planet and, consequently, the precision of the measurement of the Lense-Thirring effect. As a by-product of the present analysis, it is also possible to constrain the strength of a Yukawa-like fifth force to a 10^-12-10^-13 level at scales of about one Astronomical Unit (10^11 m).
description: LaTex, 22 pages, 1 figure, 5 tables, 62 references. To appear in Planetary and Space Science
Reheating after S-Brane Ekpyrosis
Creators: name: Brandenberger, Robert
name: Dasgupta, Keshav
name: Wang, Ziwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent work, two of us proposed a nonsingular Ekpyrotic cosmology making use of an S-brane which forms at the end of the phase of Ekpyrotic contraction. This S-Brane mediates a transition between contraction and expansion. Graviitational waves passing through the S-Brane acquire a roughly scale-invariant spectrum, and if the S-Brane has zero shear, then a roughly scale-invariant spectrum of cosmological perturbatiions results. Here, we study the production of gauge field fluctuations driven by the decay of the S-Brane, and we show that the reheating process via gauge field production will be efficient, leading to a radiation-dominated expanding phase.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure, one reference added
Communication 9: Minimising the Electricity Interruptions Using Artificial Intelligence and Demand Side Management Approach to Achieve SDGs
Creators: name: Alarbi, Ali A A
name: Blanchard, Richard
name: Strickland, Dani
Publisher: name: De Montfort University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 129999 Built Environment and Design not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: 120404 Engineering Systems Design
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: Accessing affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for all and making cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable are the seventh and the eleventh targets of the sustainable development goals (SDGs) for 2030. The consistent supply of electricity is a fundamental requirement to ensure overall developmental growth within local communities by using appropriate, accessible, and affordable technologies. Some countries have accessible electricity most of the time but struggle with interruptions due to shortages in the generation and typically apply load shedding schemes as a solution. This research presents a novel method of using artificial intelligence techniques with smart grids equipment to offer more controlled load management and load shedding scheme to minimise interruptions on communities.
Review of Lex Paulson, Cicero and the People’s Will: Philosophy and Power at the End of the Roman Republic
Creators: name: Wildberger, Jula
Publisher: name: Ciceroniana on line
Year: 2023

description: Lex Paulson, Cicero and the People’s Will: Philosophy and Power at the End of the Roman Republic, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (et al.) 2023.
description: Ciceroniana on line, V. 7 N. 2 (2023): “Cicerone e l’ambiente” Atti del convegno a cura di Adalberto MAGNAVACCA & Tommaso RICCHIERI
Die Einigung der Kirchen als endzeitliches Geschehen und Handeln
Creators: name: Wendland, Heinz-Dietrich
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 11 Nr. 3 (1962): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 11, Heft 3
A numerical investigation of the stability of steady states and critical phenomena for the spherically symmetric Einstein-Vlasov system
Creators: name: Andreasson, Hakan
name: Rein, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stability features of steady states of the spherically symmetric Einstein-Vlasov system are investigated numerically. We find support for the conjecture by Zeldovich and Novikov that the binding energy maximum along a steady state sequence signals the onset of instability, a conjecture which we extend to and confirm for non-isotropic states. The sign of the binding energy of a solution turns out to be relevant for its time evolution in general. We relate the stability properties to the question of universality in critical collapse and find that for Vlasov matter universality does not seem to hold.
description: 29 pages, 10 figures
The WTO, Agricultural Trade Reform and the Environment: Nitrogen and Agro-chemical Indicators for the OECD
Creators: name: Rae, Allan N.
name: Strutt, Anna
name: Rae, Allan N.
name: Strutt, Anna
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: agriculture
subject: agro-chemicals
subject: nitrogen balance
subject: general equilibrium modelling
subject: trade liberalisation

description: The WTO Ministerial Statement of November 2001 mandates work on those situations where reduction of trade restrictions would benefit both trade and the environment. To contribute to such research, we use a modified version of the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) model to estimate for OECD countries' changes in two environmental indicators resulting from simulated trade reforms: the impact on regional nitrogen balances, and associated changes in intensity of agro-chemical use. The trade reforms simulated lead to slightly improved nitrogen balances at the aggregate OECD level, with more ambitious trade reform resulting in a larger aggregate improvement. Most regions with a high initial per hectare nitrogen surplus are expected to experience some improvement in this environmental indicator at the national level. Cropping becomes less intensive in agro-chemical use in Western Europe and Northeast Asia, but more intensive in other OECD countries.
International Trade Education: Do We Need a New Model for the Global Market?
Creators: name: Kerr, William A.
name: Kerr, William A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: developing countries
subject: education
subject: trade policy

description: Professionals in the field of international trade policy tend to receive their knowledge on-the-job, often with a considerable component of mentoring. While this was a reasonable knowledge transfer mechanism in a period when interest in trade policy was confined to narrow constituencies and a limited range of trade policies, it may no long be appropriate in the era of globalization. In recent years both those with an interest in trade policy and the range of issues that come under the purview of trade policy have increased substantially, yet there is little formal education provided on trade policy. As a result, there is a shortage of trained professionals in the field of trade policy. While the shortage is widespread in developed countries, it is endemic in developing countries - leading to a major training effort by the World Trade Organization, regional trade organizations and through bilateral aid. These efforts are stopgap measures and solving the problem will require the incorporation of trade policy in academic curricula. The reasons for trade policy training retaining its traditional form are explored and suggestions regarding alternatives provided.
A Modeling of the Super-Eddington Luminosity in Nova Outbursts: V1974 Cygni
Creators: name: Kato, Mariko
name: Hachisu, Izumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have modeled nova light curves exceeding the Eddington luminosity. It has been suggested that a porous structure develops in nova envelopes during the super Eddington phase and the effective opacity is much reduced for such a porous atmosphere. Based on this reduced opacity model, we have calculated envelope structures and light curves of novae. The optically thick wind model is used to simulate nova winds. We find that the photospheric luminosity and the wind mass-loss rate increase inversely proportional to the reducing factor of opacities, but the wind velocity hardly changes. We also reproduce the optical light curve of V1974 Cygni (Nova Cygni 1992) in the super-Eddington phase, which lasts 13 days from the optical peak 1.7 mag above the Eddington luminosity.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, to appear in ApJL
Communication 8: A case for a new approach in theorizing and operationalisation of resilience for electrical systems in developing countries
Creators: name: Mujjuni, Francis
name: Blanchard, Richard
name: Betts, Tom
Publisher: name: De Montfort University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 129999 Built Environment and Design not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: 120404 Engineering Systems Design
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: 120504 Land Use and Environmental Planning
subject: FOS: Social and economic geography

description: In most developing countries, the electricity sector policies are chiefly hatched to achieve universal access to electricity. Unfortunately, several implemented projects are characterised with unreliable supply, high cost of energy and multiple vulnerabilities to natural and human threats. Resilience has been mooted as a concept that correspondingly addresses these challenges while fostering sustainable development reforms. Accordingly, several frameworks have been developed but they are atomistic in their classifications of indicators and fail to demonstrate how local actions promote globally defined sustainable development targets. In this study, the terms used in resilience discourses are chronologically explored drawing from them valued capabilities and the critical considerations taken in constructing frameworks. A synthesized framework has been proposed to primarily facilitate the identification and classification of indicators and their attendant metrics. We argue for a case of deploying the framework in a developing country setting, such as Uganda, to facilitate sustainable development.
SRG/eROSITA uncovers the most X-ray luminous quasar at z>6
Creators: name: Medvedev, P.
name: Sazonov, S.
name: Gilfanov, M.
name: Burenin, R.
name: Khorunzhev, G.
name: Meshcheryakov, A.
name: Sunyaev, R.
name: Bikmaev, I.
name: Irtuganov, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of X-ray emission from CFHQS J142952+544717, the most distant known radio-loud quasar at z=6.18, on Dec. 10--11, 2019 with the eROSITA telescope on board the SRG satellite during its ongoing all-sky survey. The object was identified by cross-matching an intermediate SRG/eROSITA source catalog with the Pan-STARRS1 distant quasar sample at 5.6 < z < 6.7. The measured flux $\sim 8 \times 10^{-14}$ erg cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ in the 0.3--2 keV energy band corresponds to an X-ray luminosity of $2.6^{+1.7}_{-1.0}\times 10^{46}$ erg s$^{-1}$ in the 2--10 keV rest-frame energy band, which renders CFHQS J142952+544717 the most X-ray luminous quasar ever observed at z > 6. Combining our X-ray measurements with archival and new photometric measurements in other wavebands (radio to optical), we estimate the bolometric luminosity of this quasar at $\sim (2$--$3) \times 10^{47}$ erg s$^{-1}$. Assuming Eddington limited accretion and isotropic emission, we infer a lower limit on the mass of the supermassive black hole of $\sim 2\times 10^9 M_\odot$. The most salient feature of CFHQS J142952+544717 is its X-ray brightness relative to the optical/UV emission. We argue that it may be linked to its radio-loudness (although the object is not a blazar according to its radio properties), specifically to a contribution of inverse Compton scattering of cosmic microwave background photons off relativistic electrons in the jets. If so, CFHQS J142952+544717 might be the tip of the iceberg of high-z quasars with enhanced X-ray emission, and SRG/eROSITA may find many more such objects during its 4 year all-sky survey.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Ferromagnetism in Ga1-xMnxP: evidence for inter-Mn exchange mediated by localized holes within a detached impurity band
Creators: name: Scarpulla, M. A.
name: Cardozo, B. L.
name: Oo, W. M. Hlaing
name: McCluskey, M. D.
name: Dubon, O. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that in ferromagnetic Ga1-xMnxP exchange is mediated by holes localized in a Mn-derived band. For x<0.06, infrared absorption and photoconductivity spectra indicate the presence of a Mn impurity band which is not merged with the valence band. At temperatures above TC (<65 K) electrical transport is dominated by excitation across this energy gap while nearest neighbor hopping dominates below TC. Magnetization measurements reveal a moment of 3.5 Bohr magnetons per substitutional Mn, while the large anomalous Hall signal unambiguously demonstrates that the ferromagnetism is carrier-mediated.
description: Equation 1 corrected
Fe3Se4: A Possible Ferrimagnetic Half-Metal?
Creators: name: Tewari, Girish C.
name: Srivastava, Divya
name: Pohjonen, Reijo
name: Mustonen, Otto
name: Karttunen, Antti J.
name: Lindén, Johan
name: Karppinen, Maarit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Half-metallic ferromagnets show 100% spin-polarization at the Fermi level and are ideal candidates for spintronic applications. Despite the extensive research in the field, very few materials have been discovered so far. Here we present results of electronic band structure calculations based on density functional theory and extensive physical-property measurements for Fe3Se4 revealing signatures of half-metallicity. The spin-polarized electronic band structure calculations predict half-metallic ferrimagnetism for Fe3Se4. The electrical resistivity follows exponentially suppressed electron-magnon scattering mechanism in the low-temperature regime and show a magnetoresistance effect that changes the sign from negative to positive with decreasing temperature around 100 K. Other intriguing observations include the anomalous behavior of Hall resistance below 100 K and an anomalous Hall coefficient that roughly follows the \r{ho}2 behavior.
description: Accepted
Communication 7: Evaluating the potential of sustainable energy in small and medium-sized enterprises: Accelerating the energy transition in communities in Global South
Creators: name: Udie, Justin
name: Mazhar, Muhammad Usman
name: Udeozor, Victor
name: Betiang, Peter
name: Bhattacharyya, Subhes
Publisher: name: De Montfort University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 120404 Engineering Systems Design
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: 120504 Land Use and Environmental Planning
subject: FOS: Social and economic geography

description: In Nigeria, inaccessibility and regular outages of power from the national grid has compelled SMEs to rely on fossil-based energy sources which aggravates environmental pollution, increasing mean carbon footprint, and further expand social and economic consequences. This paper implemented observatory investigation and conducted semi-structured interviews to obtain data on the cost, quantity consumed and sources of energy in Wula in Boki forest area of CRS, Nigeria. Using standard emission factors, we estimate carbon footprint and identify sustainable energy potentials of the community. The study found a significant sustainable energy potential in the local community and opportunities for co-creating sustainable interventions that could jointly address energy needs for SMEs and proffer solutions for environmental and social impacts. The analysis further indicates that SMEs spent about $13,563 USD annually on fossil fuel-based energy and consumed 33,215 litres of petrol and diesel/annum; an estimated 76,891.0642 KgCO2e (76.89106 tCO2e) per annum of CO2 emission. Having scaled the problem, we plan to demonstrate a hybridised sustainable energy system aimed at reducing CO2 emissions, sustain SMEs viability and contribute towards the achievement of the UN SDGs. Potentially, this could establish new business frontiers for the rural poor, lift families out of poverty and transform rural lives in line with the SDGs requirements.
A binary star sequence in the outskirts of the disrupting Galactic open cluster UBC 274
Creators: name: Piatti, Andrés E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the identification of a numerous binary star population in the recently discovered ~3 Gyr old open cluster UBC 274. It becomes visible once the cluster color-magnitude diagram is corrected by differential reddening and spans mass ratios (q) values from 0.5 up to 1.0. Its stellar density radial profile and cumulative distribution as a function of the distance from the cluster's center reveal that it extends out to the observed boundaries of the cluster's tidal tails (~ 6 times the cluster's radius) following a spatial distribution indistinguishable from that of cluster Main Sequence (MS) stars. Furthermore, binary stars with q values smaller or larger than 0.75 do not show any spatial distribution difference either. From Gaia DR2 astrometric and kinematics data we computed Galactic coordinates and space velocities with respect to the cluster's center and mean cluster space velocity, respectively. We found that, cluster members located all along the tidal tails, irrespective of being a single or binary star, move relatively fast. The projection of their motions on the Galactic plane resembles that of a rotating solid body, while those along the radial direction from the Galactic center and perpendicular to the Galactic plane suggest that the cluster is being disrupted. The similarity of the spatial distributions and kinematic patterns of cluster MS and binary stars reveals that UBC 274 is facing an intense process of disruption that has apparently swept out any signature of internal dynamic evolution like mass segregation driven by two-body relaxation.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Assessment of the likely impact of climate change on infrastructure and natural ecosystems of a small watershed in British Columbia : implications for hydraulic infrastructure design and stormwater management
Creators: name: Denault, Catherine
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The stationarity of rainfall statistical parameters is a fundamental assumption in hydraulic infrastructure design. Given the increase in rainfall intensity associated with climate change, this assumption might no longer prove valid. This study examines the possible impacts of climate change on the urban infrastructure and natural ecosystems of a small watershed in British Columbia. The methodology was developed with the purpose of providing simple methods to evaluate drainage system vulnerability to increases in rainfall intensity, and to envisage the potential economical and environmental impacts of climate change. Non-stationarities in rainfall records are first analyzed with linear regression analysis, and the detected trends are extrapolated to build future rainfall scenarios. The Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) is then used to analyze the effects of increased rainfall intensity on the Mission/Wagg Creek system. Anticipated changes in land use and the projected changes in rainfall intensity are included in the simulations to obtain probable future runoff conditions. The total length of undersized stormwater sewers, combined with the total number of culverts found to be surcharging during the simulations, attests to the vulnerability of the infrastructure network. An innovative method is proposed to investigate the environmental impacts of climate change. Using SWMM, climate change equivalent levels of imperviousness are determined. These levels represent the Total Impervious Areas (TIAs) for which the runoff values are equal to the runoff values obtained under climate change conditions. This method allows considering the well-researched impacts of urbanization as likely impacts of climate change. In terms of impacts on the infrastructure, the results of this study indicate that climate change would not create severe impacts in the Mission/Wagg Creek system. The infrastructure in place, with the exception of a few trunk sewers and culverts, has the adequate capacity to handle the runoff generated by the future larger storms. The equivalent levels of imperviousness, however, suggest that the impacts on the natural ecosystems of the creeks could be far more damaging.
Disentangling the wind and the disk in the close surrounding of the young stellar object MWC297 with AMBER/VLTI
Creators: name: Malbet, Fabien
name: Benisty, M.
name: De Wit, W. J.
name: Kraus, S.
name: Meilland, A.
name: Millour, F.
name: Tatulli, E.
name: Berger, J. -P.
name: Chesneau, O.
name: Hofmann, K. -H.
name: Isella, A.
name: Petrov, R.
name: Preibisch, T.
name: Stee, P.
name: Testi, L.
name: Weigelt, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The young stellar object MWC297 is a B1.5Ve star exhibiting strong hydrogen emission lines. This object has been observed by the AMBER/VLTI instrument in 2-telescope mode in a sub-region of the K spectral band centered around the Br gamma line at 2.1656 microns. The object has not only been resolved in the continuum with a visibility of 0.50+/-0.10, but also in the Br gamma line, where the flux is about twice larger, with a visibility about twice smaller (0.33+/-0.06). The continuum emission is consistent with the expectation of an optically thick thermal emission from dust in a circumstellar disk. The hydrogen emission can be understood by the emission of a halo above the disk surface. It can be modelled as a latitudinal-dependant wind model and it explains the width, the strength and the visibibility through the emission lines. The AMBER data associated with a high resolution ISAAC spectrum constrains the apparent size of the wind but also its kinematics.
description: In "The Power of Optical/IR Interferometry: Recent Scientific Results and 2nd Generation VLTI Instrumentation, Allemagne (2005) in press"
Communication 6: How to properly plan and implement SDG 11 to make sustainable cities meet their real purpose?
Creators: name: Tian, Ling
name: Zili Wang
Publisher: name: De Montfort University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 129999 Built Environment and Design not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: 120404 Engineering Systems Design
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: 120507 Urban Analysis and Development
subject: FOS: Social and economic geography

description: Many countries have formulated corresponding policies to achieve SDG 11 (Sustainable cities and communities). However, almost all these studies focus only on the impact of a single indicator. Due to the current outbreak of COVID-19, it has further tested whether cities implementing policies in accordance with the SDG11 is flexibly applying and analyzing the current status of the city to resist COVID-19’s damage to the city’s economy and resources. This paper makes a reasonable summary of the countries with severe COVID-19 disasters this time and uses positive theory and negative theory to prove the research theme. The difficulty of the research is that COVID-19 is a global emergency, thus the collection of secondary data needs to be analyzed in conjunction with reports and news.
THE BSE CRISIS IN CANADA: A TRADE PERSPECTIVE ON SANITARY BARRIERS
Creators: name: Loppacher, Laura J.
name: Kerr, William A.
name: Vliet, Van
name: Loppacher, Laura J.
name: Kerr, William A.
name: Vliet, Van
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
International Relations/Trade

description: The discovery of BSE in Canada's cattle herd on May 20, 2003 has led to lost market access for Canadian cattle and beef in many countries. The Canadian cattle industry is extremely export dependent, and the loss of almost all of major export markets has had a devastating impact. Over a year later, many of these markets have still not removed their restrictions on Canadian cattle and beef. The severity of the restrictions and their long-term continuance are far in excess of what is recommended by the international organisations that set the standards for trade in animals and animal products. This has led many in the Canadian industry to wonder why these sanitary barriers are being misused and abused. The illegitimate and legitimate reasons for creating a sanitary barrier are examined, along with the potential for abuse of trade barriers which may have been imposed for legitimate reasons. Some suggestions for what the Canadian industry should have done and what they should do now are also offered.
Study of theory and phenomenology of some classes of family symmetry and unification models
Creators: name: Kane, G. L.
name: King, S. F.
name: Peddie, I. N. R.
name: Velasco-Sevilla, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review and compare theoretically and phenomenologically a number of possible family symmetries, which when combined with unification, could be important in explaining quark, lepton and neutrino masses and mixings, providing new results in several cases. Theoretical possibilities include Abelian or non-Abelian, symmetric or non symmetric Yukawa matrices, Grand Unification or not. Our main focus is on anomaly-free U(1) family symmetry combined with SU(5) unification, although we also discuss other possibilities. We provide a detailed phenomenological fit of the fermion masses and mixings for several examples, and discuss the supersymmetric flavour issues in such theories, including a detailed analysis of lepton flavour violation. We show that it is not possible to quantitatively and decisively discriminate between these different theoretical possibilities at the present time.
description: 75 pages, 4 figures
On Temperature and Abundance Effects During an X-Ray Flare on Sigma Geminorum
Creators: name: Nordon, R.
name: Behar, E.
name: Guedel, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare quiescent and flare X-ray spectra of the RS CVn binary Sigma Gem obtained with the Chandra and XMM-Newton grating spectrometers. We find that in addition to an overall 25% flux increase, which can be ascribed to variations in the system's quiescence activity over the 15 months that passed between the observations, there is a hot plasma component of kT_e > 3 keV that arises with the flare. The hot component is manifested primarily by emission from high charge states of Fe and by a vast continuum. The cooler (kT_e < 2 keV) plasma remains undisturbed during the flare. We find no significant variations in the relative abundances during the flare except for a slight decrease (<30%) of O and Ne.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, Accepted for publication in A&A
OH maser disc and outflow in the Orion-BN/KL region
Creators: name: Cohen, R. J.
name: Gasipron, N.
name: Meaburn, J.
name: Graham, M. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: MERLIN measurements of 1.6-GHz OH masers associated with Orion-BN/KL are presented, and the data are compared with data on other masers, molecular lines, compact radio continuum sources and infrared sources in the region. OH masers are detected over an area 30 arcsec in diameter, with the majority lying along an approximately E-W structure that extends for approx. 18~arcsec, encompassing the infrared sources IRc2, IRc6 and IRc7. Radial velocities range from -13 to +42 km/s. The system of OH masers shows a velocity gradient together with non-circular motions. The kinematics are modelled in terms of an expanding and rotating disc or torus. The rotation axis is found to be in the same direction as the molecular outflow. There is an inner cavity of radius approx 1300 au with no OH masers. The inner cavity, like the water `shell' masers and SiO masers, is centred on radio source I. Some of the OH masers occur in velocity-coherent strings or arcs that are longer than 5~arcsec (2250 au). One such feature, Stream A, is a linear structure at position angle approx 45 degree, lying between IRc2 and BN. We suggest that these masers trace shock fronts, and have appeared, like a vapour trail, 200 yr after the passage of the runaway star BN. The radio proper motions of BN, source I and source n project back to a region near the base of Stream A that is largely devoid of OH masers. The 1612-MHz masers are kinematically distinct from the other OH masers. They are also more widely distributed and appear to be associated with the outflow as traced by water masers and by the 2.12-micron emission from shocked H2 The magnetic field traced by the OH masers ranges from 1.8 to 16.3 mG, with a possible reversal. No OH masers were found associated with even the most prominent proplyds within 10 arcsec of Theta1 Ori C.
description: 23 pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Network Structure Identification from Corrupt Data Streams
Creators: name: Subramanian, Venkat Ram
name: Lamperski, Andrew
name: Salapaka, Murti V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Complex networked systems can be modeled as graphs with nodes representing the agents and links describing the dynamic coupling between them. Previous work on network identification has shown that the network structure of linear time-invariant (LTI) systems can be reconstructed from the joint power spectrum of the data streams. These results assumed that data is perfectly measured. However, real-world data is subject to many corruptions, such as inaccurate time-stamps, noise, and data loss. We show that identifying the structure of linear time-invariant systems using corrupt measurements results in the inference of erroneous links. We provide an exact characterization and prove that such erroneous links are restricted to the neighborhood of the perturbed node. We extend the analysis of LTI systems to the case of Markov random fields with corrupt measurements. We show that data corruption in Markov random fields results in spurious probabilistic relationships in precisely the locations where spurious links arise in LTI systems.
description: Submitted to IEEE TAC. Under review
Communication 5: The new barriers to developing a fairer society: Are Food Banks contributing to the vicious circle that is widening the poverty gaps in our cities and communities
Creators: name: Hemans, Errol
Publisher: name: De Montfort University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 120507 Urban Analysis and Development
subject: FOS: Social and economic geography
subject: 129999 Built Environment and Design not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: This paper looks at some of the unintended consequences of food banks and the potential barriers they are now creating to developing a fairer society. It considers how food banks have become part of a vicious circle that is contributing to plugging the gaps of widening poverty within our cities and communities. It is recommended that more training, education, and awareness needs to be carried out to help change the discussion and increase the dialogue and debates related to both causes and solutions of food surplus and waste. There are several criteria which the government should put in place which includes, improve the access to short term benefits in advance, enhance the decision making and the linkages between local health and financial. Improve access to hardship payments and other allowances. Introduce legislative recognition of ‘social rights’ and the need for further stimulation to local economic development to help reduce worklessness, and the need to bust educational attainment.
Higher order perturbation theory for decoherence in Grover's algorithm
Creators: name: Azuma, Hiroo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study decoherence in Grover's quantum search algorithm using a perturbative method. We assume that each two-state system (qubit) that belongs to a register suffers a phase flip error (σ_{z} error) with probability p independently at every step in the algorithm, where $0\leq p\leq 1$. Considering an n-qubit density operator to which Grover's iterative operation is applied M times, we expand it in powers of 2Mnp and derive its matrix element order by order under the large-n limit. [In this large-n limit, we assume p is small enough, so that 2Mnp can take any real positive value or zero. We regard $x\equiv 2Mnp(\geq 0)$ as a perturbative parameter.] We obtain recurrence relations between terms in the perturbative expansion. By these relations, we compute higher orders of the perturbation efficiently, so that we extend the range of the perturbative parameter that provides a reliable analysis. Calculating the matrix element numerically by this method, we derive the maximum value of the perturbative parameter x at which the algorithm finds a correct item with a given threshold of probability P_{th} or more. (We refer to this maximum value of x as x_{c}, a critical point of x.) We obtain a curve of x_{c} as a function of P_{th} by repeating this numerical calculation for many points of P_{th} and find the following facts: a tangent of the obtained curve at P_{th}=1 is given by x=(8/5)(1-P_{th}), and we have x_{c}>-(8/5)\log_{e}P_{th} near P_{th}=0.
description: 18 pages, Latex2e, 5 eps figures; v2: comments about precision of approximation with higher order polynomials added; v3: minor corrections
CHINA'S REGULATION OF BIOTECHNOLOGY - DOES IT CONFORM TO THE WTO?
Creators: name: Loppacher, Laura J.
name: Kerr, William A.
name: Loppacher, Laura J.
name: Kerr, William A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: biotechnology
subject: China
subject: intellectual property
subject: WTO

description: The People's Republic of China has been working for over two decades to develop a domestic biotechnology industry. Even though China is a developing country, it is set to become a significant international player in the field of biotechnology. China's accession to the World Trade Organization in December of 2001 means that China's trade and regulatory regime should now reflect its WTO commitments. This paper outlines the development of the Chinese biotechnology industry and how it may evolve in the future. It assesses China's current approach to trade and regulation of biotechnology in relation to GATT rules on trade in goods and the TRIPS commitments pertaining to the protection of intellectual property. The conclusion is that China's trade and intellectual property regimes currently deviate considerably from WTO norms and number of trade disputes are likely to arise in the near future.
Quae natura caduca est: Cicero and Lucretius on Ecological Change
Creators: name: Matlock, Andres
Publisher: name: Ciceroniana on line
Year: 2023

description: Although starting from a common metaphor of vegetal descent (caducus), Lucretius and Cicero offer distinct perspectives on ecological change – that is, how species, particularly plants and humans, develop and relate to each other over time. Especially in the final two books of De rerum natura, Lucretius sketches a narrative of dwindling terrestrial fertility that closes off future reproduction via intraspecies lineages. By contrast, Cicero’s eco-writing in De senectute as well as the last book of De finibus, leaves open the possibility of interspecies fertility – what I call “feralization” – that can overcome the shared fallenness of plants and humans. To draw a conclusion out of this divergence, I propose an analogy between these ancient perspectives on the future and the horizons of the texts themselves by considering their reception history from our own crisis of eco-fertility.
description: Ciceroniana on line, V. 7 N. 2 (2023): “Cicerone e l’ambiente” Atti del convegno a cura di Adalberto MAGNAVACCA & Tommaso RICCHIERI
Orbital order and fluctuations in Mott insulators
Creators: name: Khaliullin, Giniyat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Basic mechanisms controlling orbital order and orbital fluctuations in transition metal oxides are discussed. The lattice driven classical orbital picture, e.g. like in manganites LaMnO$_3$, is contrasted to the quantum behavior of orbitals in frustrated superexchange models as realised in pseudocubic titanites ATiO$_3$ and vanadates AVO$_3$. In YVO$_3$, the lattice and superexchange effects strongly compete -- this explains the extreme sensitivity of magnetic states to temperature and doping. Lifting the $t_{2g}$ orbital degeneracy by a relativistic spin-orbital coupling is considered on example of the layered cobaltates. We find that the spin-orbital mixing of low-energy states leads to unusual magnetic correlations in a triangular lattice of the CoO$_2$ parent compound. Finally, the magnetism of sodium-rich compounds Na$_{1-x}$CoO$_2$ is discussed in terms of a spin/orbital polaronic liquid.
description: 48 pages, 5 figures; typos corrected, journal reference added
Rucks and folds: delamination from a flat rigid substrate under uniaxial compression
Creators: name: Davidovitch, Benny
name: Démery, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the delamination of a solid adhesive sheet under uniaxial compression from a flat, rigid substrate. Using energetic considerations and scaling arguments we show that the phenomenology is governed by three dimensionless groups, which characterize the level of confinement imposed on the sheet, as well as its extensibility and bendability. Recognizing that delamination emerges through a subcritical bifurcation from a planar, uniformly compressed state, we predict that the dependence of the threshold confinement level on the extensibility and bendability of the sheet, as well as the delaminated shape at threshold, varies markedly between two asymptotic regimes of these parameters. For sheets whose bendability is sufficiently high the delaminated shape is a large-slope "fold", where the amplitude is proportional to the imposed confinement. In contrast, for lower values of the bendability parameter the delaminated shape is a small-slope "ruck", whose amplitude increases more moderately upon increasing confinement. Realizing that the instability of the fully laminated state requires a finite extensibility of the sheet, we introduce a simple model that allows us to construct a bifurcation diagram that governs the delamination process.
Individual Farmers and Land Renting in Hungary
Creators: name: Vranken, Liesbet
name: Swinnen, Johan F.M.
name: Vranken, Liesbet
name: Swinnen, Johan F.M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: This paper uses data from a survey of more than 1,400 farming households in Hungary to identify a set of profiles of farming households, which are active in the rental market and to estimate econometrically the impact of household characteristics, such as social, physical, and human capital, as well as regional and environmental characteristics on land rental activities. We show that the decision of farming households to lease in land is related to their land endowment, their access to capital assets, human capital variables such as age and education and their social capital. Environmental factors are also important.
Communication 4 - A Practice Perspective on Social Value in the Built Environment: Aligning Planning, Design, the Client, Contractor, and Sub-contractor Placemaking Interventions in the Midlands, UK
Creators: name: Raiden, Ani
name: King, Andrew
Publisher: name: De Montfort University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 120201 Building Construction Management and Project Planning
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: 120404 Engineering Systems Design
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: 120507 Urban Analysis and Development
subject: FOS: Social and economic geography

description: Social value in the built environment refers to the social impact any organisation or project makes to its many and varied stakeholders. We examine social value activities with a focus on placemaking, and show how regional strategic influence, design, planning and consultant efforts align with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 11, 13 and 16. We highlight how the agents collectively: help ensure that Nottingham is one exemplar city with a direct participation structure of civil society in urban planning and management that operate regularly and democratically (SDG 11.3.2), how their activities help improve education, awareness-raising and human and institutional capacity on climate change mitigation, adaptation, impact reduction and early warning (SDG 13.3) and ensure responsive, inclusive, participatory and representative decision-making at all levels (SDG 16.7).
Magnetic moments of exotic pentaquark baryons
Creators: name: Kim, Hyun-Chul
name: Yang, Ghil-Seok
name: Praszalowicz, Michal
name: Goeke, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this talk, we present our recent investigation on the magnetic moments of the exotic pentaquark states, based on the chiral quark-soliton model, all relevant intrinsic parameters being fixed by using empirical data.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, a talk presented at the 10th International Conference on Baryons (Baryons04), Palaiseau, October 25-29, 2004
Constructive factorization of LPDO in two variables
Creators: name: Beals, R.
name: Kartashova, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study conditions under which a partial differential operator of arbitrary order $n$ in two variables or ordinary linear differential operator admits a factorization with a first-order factor on the left. The factorization process consists of solving, recursively, systems of linear equations, subject to certain differential compatibility conditions. In the generic case of partial differential operators one does not have to solve a differential equation. In special degenerate cases, such as ordinary differential, the problem is finally reduced to the solution of some Riccati equation(s). The conditions of factorization are given explicitly for second- and, and an outline is given for the higher-order case.
description: 16 pages, to be published in Journal "Theor. Math. Phys." (2005)