cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On the ADM decomposition of the 5-D Kaluza-Klein model
Creators: name: Lacquaniti, Valentino
name: Montani, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our purpose is to recast KK model in terms of ADM variables. We examine and solve the problem of the consistency of this approach, with particular care about the role of the cylindricity hypothesis. We show in details how the KK reduction commutes with the ADM slicing procedure and how this leads to a well defined and unique ADM reformulation. This allows us to consider the hamiltonian formulation of the model and can be the first step for the Ashtekar reformulation of the KK scheme. Moreover we show how the time component of the gauge vector arises naturally from the geometrical constraints of the dynamics; this is a positive check for the autoconsistency of the KK theory and for an hamiltonian description of the dynamics which wants to take into account the compactification scenario: this result enforces the physical meaning of KK model.
description: 24 pages, no figures, to appear on IJMPD
Evidence gaps in conservative non-pharmacological interventions and guideline implementation for high-burden non-communicable diseases: protocol for an overview of reviews.
Creators: name: Schäfer, Axel
name: Saueressig, Tobias
name: Owen, Patrick
name: Szikszay, Tibor
name: Professor Bernard Elsner
name: Döding, Rebekka
name: Schäfer, Robin
name: Miller, Clint
name: Kopkow, Christian
name: Jung, Andres
name: Luedtke, Kerstin
name: Shala, Rilind
name: Schleimer, Tim
name: Miller, Clint
name: Lange, Toni
name: Braun, Tobias
name: Professor Katja Ehrenbrusthoff
name: Belavy, Daniel
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: The objectives of this umbrella review are to conduct evidence mapping (presence and currency of
systematic reviews) in two areas (1) intervention effectiveness in high-burden and relevant to conservative
rehabilitative professions diseases; (2) barriers and facilitators to guideline implementation in clinical
practice.
Cometary glycolaldehyde as a source of pre-RNA molecules
Creators: name: Zellner, Nicolle E. B.
name: McCaffrey, Vanessa P.
name: Butler, Jayden H. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over 200 molecules have been detected in multiple extraterrestrial environments, including glycolaldehyde (C2(H2O)2, GLA), a two-carbon sugar precursor that has been detected in regions of the interstellar medium. Its recent in situ detection on the nucleus of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko and via remote observations in the comae of others, provides tantalizing evidence that it is common on most (if not all) comets. Impact experiments conducted at the Experimental Impact Laboratory at NASA's Johnson Space Center have shown that samples of GLA and GLA mixed with montmorillonite clays can survive impact delivery in the pressure range of 4.5 GPa to 25 GPa. Extrapolated to amounts of GLA observed on individual comets and assuming a monotonic impact rate in the first billion years of solar system history, these experimental results show that up to 10^23 kg of cometary GLA could have survived impact delivery, with substantial amounts of threose, erythrose, glycolic acid, and ethylene glycol also produced or delivered. Importantly, independent of the profile of the impact flux in the early solar system, comet delivery of GLA would have provided (and may continue to provide) a reservoir of starting material for the formose reaction (to form ribose) and the Strecker reaction (to form amino acids). Thus, comets may have been important delivery vehicles for starting molecules necessary for life as we know it.
description: Accepted manuscript, to appear in the journal Astrobiology
ABOUT ECHINOCOCCOSIS OF ANIMALS IN UZBEKISTAN (Review article)
Creators: name: Achilov Tursunmurod N., junior researcher Aminjonov Sherzod M., Dr. Vet. Med. Scientific- Research Institute of Veterinary, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: В данной статье представлены работы зарубежных учённых, а также отечества в области паразитологии в  особенности о эхинококкозе, его развития, значение в  науке  и профилактике  заболевания.
Cerman: Software for simulating streamer propagation in dielectric liquids based on the Townsend-Meek criterion
Creators: name: Madshaven, I.
name: Hestad, O. L.
name: Åstrand, P. -O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a software to simulate the propagation of positive streamers in dielectric liquids. Such liquids are commonly used for electric insulation of high-power equipment. We simulate electrical breakdown in a needle-plane geometry, where the needle and the extremities of the streamer are modeled by hyperboloids, which are used to calculate the electric field in the liquid. If the field is sufficiently high, electrons released from anions in the liquid can turn into electron avalanches, and the streamer propagates if an avalanche meets the Townsend-Meek criterion. The software is written entirely in Python and released under an MIT license. We also present a set of model simulations demonstrating the capability and versatility of the software.
CHANG-ES XXI. Transport processes and the X-shaped magnetic field of NGC 4217: off-center superbubble structure
Creators: name: Stein, Y.
name: Dettmar, R. -J.
name: Beck, R.
name: Irwin, J.
name: Wiegert, T.
name: Miskolczi, A.
name: Wang, Q. D.
name: English, J.
name: Henriksen, R.
name: Radica, M.
name: Li, J. -T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to gain a better understanding of the influence of cosmic rays (CRs) and magnetic fields in the disk-halo interface of edge-on spiral galaxies, we investigate the radio continuum halo, the magnetic field, and the transport processes of the CRs of the edge-on spiral galaxy NGC 4217 using CHANG-ES radio data at two frequencies, 6 GHz (C-band) and 1.5 GHz (L-band), and supplemental LOFAR data at 150 MHz and X-ray Chandra data. NGC 4217 shows a large-scale X-shaped magnetic field structure, covering a major part of the galaxy with a mean total magnetic field strength in the disk of 9 micro Gauss (via equipartition). Using rotation measure synthesis (RM-synthesis) at C-band, we found that the direction of the disk magnetic field is pointing inward. A helical outflow structure is furthermore present in the northwestern part of the galaxy, which is extended nearly 7 kpc into the halo. More polarized emission is observed on the approaching side of the galaxy. With a simplified galaxy disk model, we are able to explain that finding and predict that roughly 75% of edge-on spiral galaxies will show higher polarized intensity on the approaching side. Many loop and shell structures are found throughout the galaxy in total intensity at C-band. A superbubble-like structure is prominent in total and polarized intensity, as well as in Halpha and optical dust filaments, being a possible result of concentrated star formation in the disk. The flux density contribution of the disk in comparison to the halo decreases toward lower frequencies. Total intensity profiles at the three radio frequencies were fit with two-component exponential functions. The frequency dependence of the resulting scale heights between C-band and L-band suggests advection to be the main CR transport process. The 1D CR transport modeling (SPINNAKER) shows that advection appears to be more important than diffusion.
description: 26 pages, accepted for publication in A&A
Polymer pinning in a random medium as influence percolation
Creators: name: Beffara, Vincent
name: Sidoravicius, Vladas
name: Spohn, Herbert
name: Vares, Eulalia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: AMS 60G55, 60K35

description: In this article we discuss a set of geometric ideas which shed some light on the question of directed polymer pinning in the presence of bulk disorder. Differing from standard methods and techniques, we transform the problem to a particular dependent percolative system and relate the pinning transition to a percolation transition.
Benchmarking Quantum Annealing Controls with Portfolio Optimization
Creators: name: Grant, Erica
name: Humble, Travis
name: Stump, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum annealing offers a novel approach to finding the optimal solutions for a variety of computational problems, where the quantum annealing controls influence the observed performance and error mechanisms by tuning the underlying quantum dynamics. However, the influence of the available controls is often poorly understood, and methods for evaluating the effects of these controls are necessary to tune quantum computational performance. Here we use portfolio optimization as a case study by which to benchmark quantum annealing controls and their relative effects on computational accuracy. We compare empirical results from the D-Wave 2000Q quantum annealer to the computational ground truth for a variety of portfolio optimization instances. We evaluate both forward and reverse annealing methods and we identify control variations that yield optimal performance in terms of probability of success and probability of chain breaks.
description: 14 pages, 14 figures
AN APPLICATION OF SPATIAL ANALYSIS TO BEEF SLAUGHTER PLANT LOCATION AND SIZE, QUEENSLAND
Creators: name: Cassidy, P.A.
name: McCarthy, W.O.
name: Toft, H.I.
name: Cassidy, P.A.
name: McCarthy, W.O.
name: Toft, H.I.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1970
Subjects: Industrial Organization

description: The objective of this study is to define in the cost minimizing sense the optimum size and location for beef slaughter plants in the Eastern Central Queensland region. The plant location model used for this purpose is a modified transhipment formulation. It is applied to both a long run unlimited capacity case and a short run limited capacity case. The analysis indicates that for both cases production-area oriented slaughter minimizes costs. Sensitivity testing of the stability of the solution is outlined.
Entanglement and boundary critical phenomena
Creators: name: Zhou, Huan-Qiang
name: Barthel, Thomas
name: Fjaerestad, John Ove
name: Schollwoeck, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate boundary critical phenomena from a quantum information perspective. Bipartite entanglement in the ground state of one-dimensional quantum systems is quantified using the Renyi entropy S_alpha, which includes the von Neumann entropy (alpha=1) and the single-copy entanglement (alpha=infinity) as special cases. We identify the contribution from the boundary entropy to the Renyi entropy, and show that there is an entanglement loss along boundary renormalization group (RG) flows. This property, which is intimately related to the Affleck-Ludwig g-theorem, can be regarded as a consequence of majorization relations between the spectra of the reduced density matrix along the boundary RG flows. We also point out that the bulk contribution to the single-copy entanglement is half of that to the von Neumann entropy, whereas the boundary contribution is the same.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Microstructural and mechanical characterization of variability in porous advanced ceramics using X-ray computed tomography and digital image correlation.
Creators: Lo, Calvin
Sano, Tomoko
Hogan, James D.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2019

This paper explores microstructural and mechanical variability in porous ceramics, combining advanced X-ray computed tomography (XCT) and digital image correlation (DIC) techniques to characterize an alumina material. The results show low variability in microstructure, with median pore size values for this alumina ranging from 16.0 μm to 17.2 μm across ten samples. Spatial analysis showed internal pores are regularly distributed, and though spacing was found to be largely independent of pore size, the variability in spacing was shown to be greater for smaller pores. Mechanical results show a strain-rate dependence and greater scatter at quasi-static rates, with the coefficient of variation for compressive strength and failure strain decreasing from 10.28% and 10.23% at quasi-static to 5.20% and 4.17% at dynamic rates. In view of the consistency demonstrated in the microstructure, the difference in variability between the quasi-static and dynamic mechanical properties is attributed to variability in testing conditions (e.g., misalignment of platens) and the activation of a greater number of pores in dynamic compression. In summary, these results motivate the use of new spatial characterization parameters via XCT for links to manufacturing, the integration of realistic microstructures into computational models, and focus on the role of defect distributions in dynamic compressive failure events.
Lepton Mixing Matrix in Standard Model Extended by One Sterile Neutrino
Creators: name: Liao, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the simplest extension of the standard electroweak model by one sterile neutrino that allows for neutrino masses and mixing. We find that its leptonic sector contains much less free physical parameters than previously realized. In addition to the two neutrino masses, the lepton mixing matrix in charged current interactions involves (n-1) free physical mixing angles for n generations. The mixing matrix in neutral current interactions of neutrinos is completely fixed by the two masses. Both interactions conserve CP. We illustrate the phenomenological implications of the model by vacuum neutrino oscillations, tritium beta decay and neutrinoless double beta decay. It turns out that, due to the revealed specific structure in its mixing matrix, the model with any n generations cannot accommodate simultaneously the data by KamLAND, K2K and CHOOZ.
description: 14 pages, no figures; version 2: (1) added a short paragraph at the end of subsec 2.2 to record the counting of physical parameters for any numbers of generations and sterile neutrinos for completeness; (2) added a note in ref list, item [18] to quote and comment on an earlier work; (3) added the second paper to ref list, item [17]; (4) fixed typos
Personalizing Grammatical Error Correction: Adaptation to Proficiency Level and L1
Creators: name: Nadejde, Maria
name: Tetreault, Joel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Grammar error correction (GEC) systems have become ubiquitous in a variety of software applications, and have started to approach human-level performance for some datasets. However, very little is known about how to efficiently personalize these systems to the user's characteristics, such as their proficiency level and first language, or to emerging domains of text. We present the first results on adapting a general-purpose neural GEC system to both the proficiency level and the first language of a writer, using only a few thousand annotated sentences. Our study is the broadest of its kind, covering five proficiency levels and twelve different languages, and comparing three different adaptation scenarios: adapting to the proficiency level only, to the first language only, or to both aspects simultaneously. We show that tailoring to both scenarios achieves the largest performance improvement (3.6 F0.5) relative to a strong baseline.
description: Proceedings of the 2019 EMNLP Workshop W-NUT: The 5th Workshop on Noisy User-generated Text
A NOTE ON HIDDEN GAINS AND LOSSES OF BUFFER STOCK SCHEMES FOR WOOL
Creators: name: Lewis, A.C.
name: Lewis, A.C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1970
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: This note is concerned with one aspect of the methodology for examining the gains and losses of a buffer stock scheme for wool. It is shown that it is incorrect to debit interest due on capital tied up in stocks of wool without, at the same time, crediting a portion of this to the grower. The errors that can occur in calculations that do not take account of the charged time distribution of growers' receipts are demonstrated.
Dimensions of Accountability in Christian Education
Creators: name: Dele Alaba Ilesanmi
Publisher: name: OSF
Year: 2024
Subjects: Dimensions of Accountability in Christian Education

description: The church is a school, a highly organised spiritual educational institution, and every institution is established, maintained and sustained primarily to achieve certain set objectives and goals. These objectives and goals cannot be easily achieved without putting in place certain mechanisms towards ensuring the success of implementation of its policies and programmes. In the Christian education system, one of the vital mechanisms to be put in place towards achieving the objectives and goals of the school (church) and ensuring quality and effective service delivery to the society is accountability. Accountability is not a new concept in Biblical or Christian education. It has a long history; and its practice is as old as the world itself. For instance, Adams and Eve were the first human beings to face the test of accountability in the Garden of Eden. This was practiced by pious Jewish teachers before Christ. It was also practiced by our Lord Jesus Christ Himself, and by extension, picked up by the early church and Reformers. In the church education system, accountability is the realisation that man is liable, responsible, and answerable for his actions in life to God as well as his fellow men in his life. This paper is therefore aimed to *examine the concept of accountability in the Christian (church) education system, its benefits to the Christian community, the objectives of Christian education, the dimensions of accountability in Christian education, factors hindering accountability in the Christian education system, and the strategies for improving accountability in the church (school) system to ensure effective and efficient management and improve quality service delivery by the Pentecostal churches in Africa.
Beam-Shaping PEC Mirror Phase Corrector Design
Creators: name: Liao, Shaolin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Perfect Electric Conductor (PEC) mirror phase corrector plays an important role in the beam-shaping mirror system design for Quasi-Optical (QO) mode converter (launcher) in the sub-THz high-power gyrotron. In this article, both the Geometry Optical (GO) method and the phase gradient method have been presented for the PEC mirror phase corrector design. The advantages and disadvantages are discussed for both methods. An efficient algorithm has been proposed for the phase gradient method.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Weak Pion Production From Nuclei
Creators: name: Singh, S. K.
name: Athar, M. Sajjad
name: Ahmad, Shakeb
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The charged current pion production induced by neutrinos in $^{12}{C}$, $^{16}{O}$ and $^{56}{Fe}$ nuclei has been studied. The calculations have been done for the coherent as well as the incoherent processes assuming $Δ$ dominance and take into account the effect of Pauli blocking, Fermi motion and the renormalization of $Δ$ in the nuclear medium. The pion absorption effects have also been taken into account.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures, Workshop on Physics of Hadrons, Puri, March 2005
SUPPLY RESPONSE IN THE AUSTRALIAN EXTENSIVE LIVESTOCK AND CROPPING INDUSTRIES: A STUDY OF INTENTIONS AND EXPECTATIONS
Creators: name: Fisher, Brian S.
name: Munro, Robyn G.
name: Fisher, Brian S.
name: Munro, Robyn G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1983
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Livestock Production/Industries

description: Most of the supply elasticity estimates reported for Australian agriculture are derived from equations estimated using time series data and incorporating ad hoc assumptions about price expectations. The authors' aim is to compare previously obtained supply elasticity estimates with those derived using theoretically more acceptable survey data on both producers' intentions and price expectations. Surveys were conducted in three regions in N.S.W., namely, the Southern Tablelands, the South-West Slopes and a portion of the Western Division centred on Cobar . The results of the research show that there are no major differences between the supply elasticities derived using the traditional time series approach and those obtained using the survey data. This finding is reassuring, given the cost of collecting survey data.
Relativistic r-modes and Shear viscosity: regularizing the continuous spectrum
Creators: name: Pons, J. A.
name: Gualtieri, L.
name: Miralles, J. A.
name: Ferrari, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within a fully relativistic framework, we derive and solve numerically the perturbation equations of relativistic stars, including the stresses produced by a non-vanishing shear viscosity in the stress-energy tensor. With this approach, the real and imaginary parts of the frequency of the modes are consistently obtained. We find that, approaching the inviscid limit from the finite viscosity case, the continuous spectrum is regularized and we can calculate the quasi-normal modes for stellar models that do not admit solutions at first order in perturbation theory when the coupling between the polar and axial perturbations is neglected. The viscous damping time is found to agree within factor 2 with the usual estimate obtained by using the eigenfunctions of the inviscid limit and some approximation for the energy dissipation integrals. We find that the frequencies and viscous damping times for relativistic $r-$modes lie between the Newtonian and Cowling results. We compare the results obtained with homogeneous, polytropic and realistic equations of state and find that the frequencies depend only on the rotation rate and on the compactness parameter (M/R), being almost independent of the equation of state. Our numerical results for realistic neutron stars give viscous damping times with the same dependence on mass and radius as previously estimated, but systematically larger of about 60%.
description: 26 pages, 9 Figures, version submitted to MNRAS
Low Dose Claims Reinforcing Endocrine Modulation Hypotheses
Creators: name: Frier, Peter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2011
Subjects: Chemistry
Pharmacology
Medicine

description: In 1997 and 1998 vom Saal et al published further laboratory evidence on prostate, preputial gland enlargement and altered socio-sexual behaviours, but reduced epididymides and sperm efficiency in CF-1 mice (sourced from the same ‘in-house’ stock as before), associated with fetal exposure to low dose xenoestrogens, including BPA, that showed opposite effects at high doses (vomSaal et al. 1997, Vom Saal et al. 1998). As motivation for the study, vom Saal identified the same corresponding interest in the role of estrogen in prostate development, and the prior observation of inutero positioning mentioned earlier. In the preamble he also suggested that the bed-rock for postulating abnormal development of reproductive organs, including the prostate, was the Sharpe/Skakkebaek estrogen hypothesis and Colborn el al EM hypothesis. He went further by explaining how this would fit with his own hypothesis that during critical periods of cell differentiation, hormones are involved in imprinting specific genes in cells with receptors for the hormones. This was to give meaning to the developmental origins of human health and disease (vom Saal et al. 1997). Therefore, vom Saal’s research intention was clearly to reinforce the conceptualisations of Sharpe, Skakkebaek, Colborn, and Nagel et al that environmental estrogens could have an effective dose beyond that expected from their circulating level in blood, extending existing inutero hypotheses.
AN OPTIMAL-CONTROL APPROACH TO STABILISING AUSTRALIAN WOOL PRICES
Creators: name: Hinchy, Mike
name: Simmons, Phil
name: Hinchy, Mike
name: Simmons, Phil
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1983
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: In this paper, some aspects of the application of optimal-control techniques to wool industry price stabilisation are considered. It is not intended to provide a blueprint for the immediate adoption of optimal-control techniques in the management of wool price stablisation. Rather, the contribution is to the developmental and evaluative process involved in considering these techniques. A new econometric model of wool price and supply is also presented, since none of the existing models satisfied the requirements of the study.
Collapse of Positronium and Vacuum Instability
Creators: name: Shabad, A. E.
name: Usov, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A hypercritical value for the magnetic field is determined, which provides the full compensation of the positronium rest mass by the binding energy in the maximum symmetry state and disappearance of the energy gap separating the electron-positron system from the vacuum. The compensation becomes possible owing to the falling to the center phenomenon. The structure of the vacuum is described in terms of strongly localized states of tightly mutually bound (or confined) pairs. Their delocalization for still higher magnetic field, capable of screening its further growth, is discussed.
description: Talk given at 12th Lomonosov Conference on Elementary Particle Physics, Moscow, August 25-30, 2005 to be published in Proceedings with World Scientific Publishing Co (Singapore). 5 pages. LATEX requires 12 Lomcon.sty and cite.sty
The origin of the black hole offset in M31
Creators: name: Boldrini, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using state-of-the-art high-resolution fully GPU N-body simulations, we demonstrate for the first time that the infall of a dark matter rich satellite naturally explains a present black hole offset by sub-parsecs in M31. Observational data of the tidal features provide stringent constraints on the initial conditions of our simulations. The heating of the central region of M31 by the satellite via dynamical friction entails a significant black hole offset after the first pericentric passage. After having reached its maximum offset, the massive black hole sinks towards the M31 centre due to dynamical friction and it is determined to be offset by sub-parsecs as derived by observations.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures. Version to appear in MNRAS Letters
WOOL PRICE STABILISATION AND PROFIT RISK FOR WOOL USERS
Creators: name: Quiggin, John C.
name: Quiggin, John C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1983
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
Risk and Uncertainty

description: It has often been suggested that more stable wool prices would lead to an outward shift in the long-run demand for wool. To assess this claim it is necessary to examine different sources of risk and instability in wool prices and their impact on the risk borne by wool users. A model is presented in which the input and output decisions of a wool processor are related to interactions between the wool and yarn markets. It is concluded that, if fluctuations in final demand or exchange rates are the major sources of instability, the long-run effect of stabilising prices is to increase the risk faced by wool users and reduce that faced by wool growers.
Valuation of Call and Put Options for Grupo México: A Comparative Analysis Using Binomial and Black-Scholes-Merton Models
Creators: name: Arce Aguirre, Manuel Antonio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 490106
subject: Financial mathematics

description: This study conducts various valuations of call and put options on Grupo México stock.Three different strike prices were considered, with the expiration date set on December 15, 2023. The problem addressed aimed to determine the fair price to acquire these options on July 28, with an expiration date of December 15 of the same year. To achieve this, the number of business days between these dates was calculated, totaling 97 business days. Historical closing price data of Grupo México stock from July 28 to 97 business days backward, i.e., from March 13 to July 28, 2023, were obtained for the valuations. Based on these historical data, volatility was calculated, along with parameters p, q, u, and d required for the 30-step binomial model and the Black-Scholes-Merton model. The objective of these valuations is to determine the fair price of the options based on the mathematical models employed. These models enable the evaluation of different scenarios and consider factors such as market volatility and probabilities of changes in the underlying asset’s price.
Continuous Maps from Spheres Converging to Boundaries of Convex Hulls
Creators: name: Malkoun, Joseph
name: Olver, Peter J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52B11, 54C60

description: Given $n$ distinct points $\mathbf{x}_1, \ldots, \mathbf{x}_n$ in $\mathbb{R}^d$, let $K$ denote their convex hull, which we assume to be $d$-dimensional, and $B = \partial K $ its $(d-1)$-dimensional boundary. We construct an explicit one-parameter family of continuous maps $\mathbf{f}_{\varepsilon} \colon \mathbb{S}^{d-1} \to K$ which, for $\varepsilon > 0$, are defined on the $(d-1)$-dimensional sphere and have the property that the images $\mathbf{f}_{\varepsilon}(\mathbb{S}^{d-1})$ are codimension $1$ submanifolds contained in the interior of $K$. Moreover, as the parameter $\varepsilon$ goes to $0^+$, the images $\mathbf{f}_{\varepsilon}(\mathbb{S}^{d-1})$ converge, as sets, to the boundary $B$ of the convex hull. We prove this theorem using techniques from convex geometry of (spherical) polytopes and set-valued homology. We further establish an interesting relationship with the Gauss map of the polytope $B$, appropriately defined. Several computer plots illustrating our results will be presented.
description: 26 pages
The Pioneer anomaly: the measure of a topological phase defect of light in cosmology
Creators: name: Rosales, J. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that a wave vector representing a light pulse in an adiabatically evolving expanding space should develop, after a round trip (back and forth to the emitter) a geometric phase for helicity states at a given fixed position coordinate of this expanding space.In a section of the Hopf fibration of the Poincare sphere that identifies a projection to the physically allowed states, the evolution defines a parallel transported state that can be joined continuously with the initial state by means of the associated Berry-Pancharatnam connection. The connection allows to compute an anomaly in the frequency for the vector modes in terms of the scale factor of the space-time background being identical to the reported Pioneer Anomaly.
description: 10 pages, some minor notation changes have been made. Some additional remarks were written
Constructing Experimental Theory for BPA Low-Dose Effects
Creators: name: Frier, Peter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2011
Subjects: Pharmacology
Medicine

description: The research collective led by vom Saal and Nagel constructed experimentation to support the hypothesis that reduced serum binding in the blood increased the bioavailability and estrogen receptor binding of xenoestrogens. This could, it was posited, lead to over expression in fetal genes during critical periods of inutero exposure and subsequent developmental changes in progeny, notably to the male reproductive tract that appeared at ultra low doses.
The Drift Chamber of the MEG II experiment
Creators: name: Tassielli, G. F.
name: Baldini, A. M.
name: Cavoto, G.
name: Cei, F.
name: Chiappini, M.
name: Chiarello, G.
name: Corvaglia, A.
name: Francesconi, M.
name: Galli, L.
name: Grancagnolo, F.
name: Grassi, M.
name: Hildebrandt, M.
name: Meucci, M.
name: Miccoli, A.
name: Nicolò, D.
name: Panareo, M.
name: Papa, A.
name: Raffaelli, F.
name: Renga, F.
name: Schwendimann, P.
name: Signorelli, G.
name: Voena, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The MEG experiment at the Paul Scherrer Institut searches for the charged-Lepton-Flavor-Violating mu+ -> e+ gamma decay. MEG has already set the world best upper limit on the branching ratio: BR<4.2x10^-13 @ 90% C.l. An upgrade (MEG II) of the whole detector has been approved to obtain a substantial increase of sensitivity. Currently MEG II is completing the upgrade of the various detectors, an engineering run and a pre-commissioning run were carried out during 2018 and 2019. The new positron tracker is a unique volume, ultra-light He based cylindrical drift chamber (CDCH), with high granularity: 9 layers of 192 square drift cells, ~6-9 mm wide, consist of ~12000 wires in a full stereo configuration. To ensure the electrostatic stability of the drift cells a new wiring strategy should be developed due to the high wire density (12 wires/cm^2 ), the stringent precision requirements on the wire position and uniformity of the wire mechanical tension (better than 0.5 g) The basic idea is to create multiwire frames, by soldering a set of (16 or 32) wires on 40 um thick custom wire-PCBs. Multiwire frames and PEEK spacers are overlapped alternately along the radius, to set the proper cell width, in each of the twelve sectors defined by the spokes of the rudder wheel shaped end-plates. Despite to the conceptual simplicity of the assembling strategies, the building of the multiwire frames, with the set requirements, imposes a use of an automatic wiring system. The MEG II CDCH is the first cylindrical drift chamber ever designed and built in a modular way and it will allow to track positrons, with a momentum greater than 45 MeV/c, with high efficiency by using a very small amount of material, 1.5x10^-3 X0 . We describe the CDCH design and construction, the wiring phase at INFN-Lecce, the choice of the wires, their mechanical properties, the assembly and sealing at INFN-Pisa and the commissioning.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures, 1 table, proceeding at INSTR'20 conference, accepted for publication in JINST
SUPPLY RESPONSE WITH STOCHASTIC TECHNOLOGY AND PRICES IN AUSTRALIA'S RURAL EXPORT INDUSTRIES
Creators: name: Easter, Christopher D.
name: Paris, Quirino
name: Easter, Christopher D.
name: Paris, Quirino
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1983
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
Risk and Uncertainty

description: Risky output prices and production characterise Australian agriculture. Exports are vitally important, sometimes relying heavily on a particular market. In this study a model is developed to include explicitly both output price and technological risks as well as multiple output relationships. It is used to show that changes in US beef import policy generating a 10 per cent beef price fall could reduce Australian beef supply by 3.5 per cent and grazing industry net revenue by 8.4 per cent, despite some switching from beef production to other enterprises.
Neutron Stars in f(R)-Gravity and Its Extension with a Scalar Axion Field
Creators: name: Astashenok, Artyom V.
name: Odintsov, Sergei D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a brief review of general results about non-rotating neutron stars in simple R-square gravity and its extension with a scalar axion field. Modified Einstein equations are presented for metrics in isotropical coordinates. The mass-radius relation, mass profile and dependence of mass from central density on various equations of state are given in comparison to general relativity.
description: In special issue {\guillemotleft}Selected Papers from "The Modern Physics of Compact Stars and Relativistic Gravity 2019"{\guillemotright}
Intervju med Alstad, Arvid
Creators: name: Krogstad, John Atle
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1975
Subjects: Alstad, Arvid

description: Intervju utført av John Atle Krogstad i forbindelse med hans hovedoppgave fra 1975 "Kommunistene i Trøndelag 1936-45: kamp mot krig og fascisme". Omhandler arbeidsliv, politisk aktivitet, deltakelse i sportsklubben Ørnulf. Om kontakt med Henry Thingstad. Arrestasjon med påfølgende opphold Falstad og Vollan. Inneholder oversikt over Arvid Alstads politiske karriere, yrkeskarriere m.m.
Symmetric collaborative filtering using the noisy sensor model
Creators: name: Sharma, Rita
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Collaborative filtering is the process of making recommendations regarding the potential preference of a user, for example shopping on the Internet, based on the preference ratings of the user and a number of other users for various items. This thesis considers the problem of symmetric collaborative filtering based on explicit ratings. To evaluate the algorithms, we consider only pure collaborative filtering, using given ratings and excluding other information about the people or items. Our approach is to predict an active user's preferences regarding a particular item by using other people's ratings of that item and other items rated by the active user as noisy sensors. The noisy sensor model uses Bayes' theorem to compute the probability distribution for the active user's rating of a new item. We give two variants for learning the noisy sensor model: one, for explicit binary rating data; and the second, for explicit multi-valued rating data. The model for binary rating data is based on Bayesian learning. Its performance motivate us to further explore the use of noisy sensor model for multi-valued rating data. We give two variant models for multi-valued rating data: in one, we learn a linear model of how users rate items; in another, we assume different users rate items identically, but that the accuracy of the sensors must be learned. We compare the two models of multi-valued rating data with stateof- the-art techniques and show how they are significantly better whether a user has rated only two items or many. We report empirical results using the EachMovie database of movie ratings. We also show that by considering the items similarity along with the users similarity the accuracy of the prediction increases.
Structure and photoinduced effects in elemental chalcogens: A review on Raman scattering
Creators: name: Yannopoulos, Spyros N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Much progress has been made over a long period, spanning more than a century, in understanding the atomic arrangement on various length scales of noncrystalline chalcogens and their transitions upon certain external stimuli. However, it is broadly admitted that there are still several unsettled issues that call for proper rationalization. The current review presents an assessment of Raman scattering studies of noncrystalline phases of elemental chalcogens and their mixtures. First, a few remarks on the analysis of Raman data, related to polarization details and spectra reduction are presented. The effect of temperature, pressure and irradiation on the structure of chalcogens is reviewed in detail. As only selenium can form a stable glass at ambient conditions, the interest on sulfur and tellurium has been placed in the melt and the amorphous phase, respectively, whereas reference is also made to the sporadic structural studies of glassy sulfur at low temperatures. It is shown how Raman scattering can be exploited to explore unique phenomena emerging in the liquid state of sulfur, offering valuable information on the details of lambda transition including various thermodynamic related properties. The subtle nature of this transition in selenium is also discussed. Tellurium is not only impossible to be prepared in the bulk glassy state, but also forms a very liable to crystallization amorphous film. Therefore, the emphasis is placed on light induced nanostructuring and effects related to photo amorphization and photo oxidation.
description: Review Article; 56 pages, 25 figures
The topology of certain 3-Sasakian 7-manifolds
Creators: name: Hepworth, Richard A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C25 (Primary), 57R19 (Secondary)

description: We calculate the integer cohomology ring and stable tangent bundle of a family of compact, 3-Sasakian 7-manifolds constructed by Boyer, Galicki, Mann, and Rees. Previously only the rational cohomology ring was known. The most important part of the cohomology ring is a torsion group that we describe explicitly and whose order we compute. There is a surprising connection with the combinatorics of trees.
description: 24 pages
Grid-Scale Storage and Resource Adequacy Failures in Western US Renewable Power System
Creators: name: Ye, Zihan
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Meteorology
Power Resource Adequacy
Renewable Power System
Grid-Scale Storage

description: Despite extensive studies exploring the reliability aspects of Energy Storage Systems (ESS) within renewable energy systems, there remains an absence of investigation or establishment of a connection between Resource Adequacy (RA) failures and meteorology specifically for power systems incorporating grid-scale storage. This study aims to examine RA failures across varied levels of renewable energy penetration and grid-scale storage integration in the western U.S. and compare their meteorological drivers between power systems with and without storage integration. The power system is constructed using a capacity expansion model (CEM) that simulates the WECC power interconnection. The resource adequacy model (RAM) assesses resource sufficiency by identifying periods where supply and demand might potentially be imbalanced throughout a given year due to weather variations. The outputs from RAM are collected and categorized into weather patterns (WP) using a Self-Organizing Map (SOM) to identify meteorological drivers. The results highlight two main effects of grid-storage implementation in sustainable energy systems: a shift towards narrower and later time windows for RA failures, and a more varied set of Weather Pattern (WP) drivers for these failures. With storage implementation, the timeframe for risky hours compresses to roughly a 4-hour window, usually occurring after 6 PM. Concurrently, there's a considerable reduction in the total count of risky hours, decreasing notably to just a few instances. The meteorological drivers for fleets implemented with storage differ annually with varying levels of RE, implying unique WP impacts for each fleet. Notably, impactful WPs predominantly fall within the range of WP8, 9, and 10, mirroring the meteorological drivers observed in fleets without storage installation. The study offers an extension opportunity based on the timeframe differences in RA profiles resulting from grid-scale storage. Simulating RA failures enables an examination of grid-scale storage's impact on human well-being, particularly concerning household temperature control and access to cooling during heat waves.
Intervju med Alstad, Kåre
Creators: name: Krogstad, John Atle
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1975
Subjects: Alstad, Kåre

description: Intervju utført av John Atle Krogstad i forbindelse med hans hovedoppgave fra 1975 "Kommunistene i Trøndelag 1936-45: kamp mot krig og fascisme". Omhandler blant annet Finlandskrigen, illegalt arbeid og illegale aviser, Henry Thingstad. Vedlagt biografiske opplysninger om Kåre Alstad.
On the Validity of Physical Optics for Narrow-band Beam Scattering and Diffraction from the Open Cylindrical Surface
Creators: name: Liao, Shaolin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exact formulas for the induced electric surface current (in the scattering phenomenon) and the equivalent electric surface current (in the diffraction phenomenon) on the open cylindrical surface due to an arbitrary narrow-band beam have been shown in their closed-form expressions within the context of the cylindrical harmonics, which gives information about the validity of the Physical Optics (PO) approximation. Both the Electric Field Integral Equation (EFIE) and the Magnetic Field Integral Equation (MFIE) are used to find the induced (equivalent) electric surface currents in the context of the cylindrical harmonics. The numerical example of the scattering and diffraction of the Hermite Gaussian beam from the open cylindrical surface is shown. The result is useful for the evaluation of the validity of the PO approximation in the cylinder-like surface.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Scalar tensor theory of gravity carrying a conserved current
Creators: name: Sanyal, Abhik Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A general scalar-tensor theory of gravity carries a conserved current for a trace free minimally coupled scalar field, under the condition that the potential $V(ϕ)$ of the nonminimally coupled scalar field is proportional to the square of the parameter $f(ϕ)$ that is coupled with the scalar curvature $R$. The conserved current relates the pair of arbitrary coupling parameters $f(ϕ)$ and $ω(ϕ)$, where the latter is the Brans-Dicke coupling parameter. Thus fixing up the two arbitrary parameters by hand, it is possible to explore the symmetries and the form of conserved currents corresponding to standard and many different nonstandard models of gravity.
description: 8 pages