Are psychiatric disorders associated with thyroid hormone therapy in adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes?
Creators: name: Eckert, Alexander
name: Galler, Angela
name: Papsch, Matthias
name: Hess, Melanie
name: Holder, Martin
name: Döing, Carsten
name: Bierkamp‐Christophersen, Dirk
name: Hammer, Elke
name: Pappa, Angeliki
name: Lanzinger, Stefanie
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: psychiatric disorder
subject: AUTOIMMUNE-THYROIDITIS
subject: DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS
subject: CHILDREN
subject: PREVALENCE
subject: DDC 610 / Medicine &amp; health
subject: Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
subject: Thyroiditis
subject: Mental disorders
subject: Hypothyroidism
subject: Diabetes mellitus, Type 1
subject: Depression
subject: Anxiety
subject: Adolescent
subject: Child
subject: Germany
subject: Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-Syndrom
subject: Diabetes mellitus Typ 1
subject: Hypothyreose
subject: Kind

description: Abstract Background To evaluate the association between thyroid autoimmunity and psychiatric disorders (depression, anxiety, eating disorder, schizophrenia or attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder) among adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes (11‐25 years). Methods We compared 9368 type 1 diabetes patients with thyroid autoimmunity (3789 of them treated with levothyroxine) with 62 438 type 1 diabetes patients without any thyroid disease from a multicentre diabetes patient follow‐up registry (DPV) in terms of psychiatric disorders. Thyroid autoimmunity was defined as documented diagnosis of Hashimoto thyroiditis or positive antibodies against thyroid peroxidase or thyroglobulin. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios for the respective psychiatric disorders in type 1 diabetes patients with thyroid autoimmunity (overall and stratified by levothyroxine therapy) compared to type 1 diabetes patients without thyroid diseases (reference). Results Of the 9368 patients with thyroid autoimmunity, 62% were female with a median (Q1‐Q3) age of 16.3 (14.2‐17.6) years. Thyroid autoimmunity (with or without levothyroxine therapy) revealed a slight, but significant higher chance for depression (odds ratio [OR], 1.35, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.19, 1.52), eating disorder (OR, 1.25, CI, 1.03, 1.51), attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (OR, 1.22, CI, 1.07, 1.39) and schizophrenia (OR, 1.63, CI, 1.04, 2.56). In individuals with prescribed levothyroxine therapy because of thyroid dysfunction significantly higher odds for depression (OR, 1.63, CI, 1.34, 1.99), anxiety (OR, 1.60, CI, 1.18, 2.18), and attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (OR, 1.71, CI, 1.38, 2.12) were observed compared to reference. Thyroid autoimmunity without required levothyroxine therapy revealed no differences to the reference group. Conclusions Patients on levothyroxine had significantly higher odds for psychiatric disorders, but thyroid autoimmunity in terms of high antibody levels only did not show higher odds for any psychiatric disorder. © In Copyright http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
description: Highlights Several psychiatric disorders were associated with levothyroxine therapy (LT4). Depression, anxiety disorders, and attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder showed the strongest relation to LT4. Thyroid autoimmunity itself (no LT4) was not associated with psychiatric disorders. image