cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Diffusion-Mediated Deposition of Proteins
Creators: name: Zhan, Ruiqian
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering
subject: Chemical Engineering
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering
subject: Mechanical Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: Gradients of proteins play a prominent role in many biological processes, from development of multicellular organisms to chemical signaling in the immune system. Deposition of surface gradients is a way to permanently modifying a surface’s properties, resulting in the creation of novel materials which have widespread applications in biologically relevant fields, such as directed cell growth, production of biocompatible implantable materials, and creation of functional biosensors. These types of surfaces can also be used as an ex vivo tool to help understand many biological processes by mimicking the environment in gradient-related phenomena in a controllable way. However, despite the large number of applications for chemically graded surfaces, creating them remains a challenge.  In this work, a novel diffusion-based patterning mechanism is presented that relies on a 3D micropatterned poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEG-DA) ‘stamps’ for the controlled deposition of fluorescently-tagged protein ‘ink’ onto pre-treated glass slides. By controlling the contact time and mechanical deformation of the PEG hydrogel on the glass surfaces, it is possible to control local concentration of protein deposition.
Transmutations and spectral parameter power series in eigenvalue problems
Creators: name: Kravchenko, Vladislav V.
name: Torba, Sergii M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34B24, 34L16, 65L15, 81Q05, 81Q60 (Primary) 34L25, 34L40 (Secondary)

description: We give an overview of recent developments in Sturm-Liouville theory concerning operators of transmutation (transformation) and spectral parameter power series (SPPS). The possibility to write down the dispersion (characteristic) equations corresponding to a variety of spectral problems related to Sturm-Liouville equations in an analytic form is an attractive feature of the SPPS method. It is based on a computation of certain systems of recursive integrals. Considered as families of functions these systems are complete in the $L_{2}$-space and result to be the images of the nonnegative integer powers of the independent variable under the action of a corresponding transmutation operator. This recently revealed property of the Delsarte transmutations opens the way to apply the transmutation operator even when its integral kernel is unknown and gives the possibility to obtain further interesting properties concerning the Darboux transformed Schrödinger operators. We introduce the systems of recursive integrals and the SPPS approach, explain some of its applications to spectral problems with numerical illustrations, give the definition and basic properties of transmutation operators, introduce a parametrized family of transmutation operators, study their mapping properties and construct the transmutation operators for Darboux transformed Schrödinger operators.
description: 30 pages, 4 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1111.4449
Energy Access for Small Enterprises Sourcing Solar Mini-Grid Electricity in Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo
Creators: name: Thompson, Joshua
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2022
Subjects: solar
mini-grid
Democratic Republic of Congo

description: Access to electricity is widely considered essential to small enterprise performance and important to economic activity in low- and middle-income countries. However, the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) has disproportionately sparse electricity access, placing a significant burden on the country’s small enterprises. Efforts are underway to expand electricity access in the DRC using decentralized solar mini-grids, but there is limited evidence of their effect on small enterprises. This study aims to address this gap in knowledge by examining electricity access from a recently developed solar mini-grid in a previously un-electrified neighborhood in the city of Goma in eastern DRC. We employ a case-control study design to assess electricity supply in a sample of 128 qualitatively similar small enterprises connected to a solar mini-grid by the private supplier, Nuru or the DRC’s primary national grid supplier, the Société Nationale d’Électricité (SNEL). A set of five electricity access indicators are used to construct a detailed profile of small enterprise electricity access-based experiences. Using descriptive statistics and a series of logistic regressions in our analysis, we find that Nuru’s solar mini-grid electricity provides significantly improved electricity in both quantity and quality relative to SNEL. Additionally, we find that even though Nuru-connected enterprises pay significantly more for their electricity, they report greater levels of perceived electricity affordability, value for money and overall satisfaction. Our results suggest that solar minigrid electricity is a viable solution for improved enterprise electricity access in urban DRC.
SMALL SATELLITE NONCOMMUTATIVE ROTATION SEQUENCE ATTITUDE CONTROL USING PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATORS
Creators: name: Evans, Joshua L.
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Aeronautical Vehicles
subject: Controls and Control Theory
subject: Electrical and Electronics
subject: Navigation, Guidance, Control and Dynamics
subject: Space Vehicles

description: Attitude control remains one of the top engineering challenges faced by small satellite mission planning and design. Conventional methods for attitude control include propulsion, reaction wheels, magnetic torque coils, and passive stabilization mechanisms, such as permanent magnets that align with planetary magnetic fields. Drawbacks of these conventional attitude control methods for small satellites include size, power consumption, dependence on external magnetic fields, and lack of full control authority. This research investigates an alternative, novel approach to attitude-control method for small satellites, utilizing the noncommutative property of rigid body rotation sequences. Piezoelectric bimorph actuators are used to induce sinusoidal small-amplitude satellite oscillations on two of the satellites axes. While zero net change occurs on these signaled axes, the third axis can develop an average angular rate. This noncommutative attitude control methodology has several advantages over conventional methods, including scalability, power consumption, and operation outside of Earth's magnetic field. This research looks into the feasibility of such a system, and lays the foundation for a simple control system architecture.
Strong Longitudinal Magnetic Fluctuations near Critical End Point in UCoAl: A ^59Co-NMR Study
Creators: name: Nohara, Hiroki
name: Kotegawa, Hisashi
name: Tou, Hideki
name: Matsuda, Tatsuma D.
name: Yamamoto, Etsuji
name: Haga, Yoshinori
name: Fisk, Zachary
name: Onuki, Yoshichika
name: Aoki, Dai
name: Flouquet, Jacques
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report ^59Co-NMR measurements in UCoAl where a metamagnetism occurs due to enhancement of ferromagnetism by magnetic field. The metamagnetic transition from a paramagnetic (PM) state to a ferromagnetic state is a first order transition at low temperatures, but it changes to a crossover at high temperatures on crossing the critical end pint (CEP) at T_CEP ~ 12 K. The contrasting behavior between the relaxation rates 1/T_1 and 1/T_2 suggests that the longitudinal magnetic fluctuation of U moment is strongly enhanced especially near the CEP. A wide diffusion of the fluctuation from the CEP can be confirmed even in the PM state where the magnetic transition does not occur.
description: 5pages, 6 figures, to be published in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn
The Direction of Gravity
Creators: name: Linder, Eric V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravity directs the paths of light rays and the growth of structure. Moreover, gravity on cosmological scales does not simply point down: it accelerates the universal expansion by pulling outward, either due to a highly negative pressure dark energy or an extension of general relativity. We examine methods to test the properties of gravity through cosmological measurements. We then consider specific possibilities for a sound gravitational theory based on the Galileon shift symmetry. The evolution of the laws of gravity from the early universe to the present acceleration to the future fate -- the paths of gravity -- carries rich information on this fundamental force of physics and on the mystery of dark energy.
description: 8 pages, 2 new figures
College-Educated, African American Women's Marital Choices
Creators: name: Oliver, Katherine M.
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: African American Studies
subject: Ethnic Studies
subject: Family, Life Course, and Society
subject: Other Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Race and Ethnicity
subject: Social Work
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: This study explores the desire to marry, marriageable mate criteria, and marital choices/options as they pertain to college-educated, African American women within today’s society. A purposive, nationally based sample (N = 95) of never married, college-educated, African American women (i.e., 18 to 40 years of age) was gathered via an online survey accessed by an emailed link. A mixed methods approach was utilized within the survey design, followed by data analyses (i.e., frequencies, two-way analyses) interpreted through a theoretical framework of social exchange. Areas discussed include life goals of marriage, cohabitation, and career; romantic barriers; the perceived availability of marriageable men; and desired traits for a marriageable mate. Partner traits assessed ranged from being character based (e.g., respectful, spiritual, swag, never incarcerated), and were broadened to include educational, financial, and ethnic preferences for a potential partner. Findings showed that respondents possessed a strong desire to marry, the greatest hindrance to entering a relationship was the lack of mates, and many were interested in looking for a potential partner outside of their own ethnicity. Findings were not statistically significant; however, the insight gained further informs this understudied area of research while having broad socio-cultural implications for families and communities.
Odontaspis ferox Risso 1810
Creators: name: Hsu, Hua Hsun
name: Joung, Shoou Jeng
name: Ebert, David A.
name: Lin, Chia Yen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Elasmobranchii
Lamniformes
Odontaspididae
Odontaspis
Odontaspis ferox

description: Odontaspis ferox (Risso, 1810)
Smalltooth sandtiger (Figure 2)
 Squalus ferox Risso, 1810 (Ichthyol. Nice, Paris: 38; type locality: off Nice, France, in the Mediterranean Sea).
 Material examined. (2 specimens). EBFS020203010201-1,> 300 cm TL, mature female, Da-xi, April 2004; this individual was bought by a fish buyer after landing but the jaws were kept for research. EBFS020203010201- 2, 100.9 cm TL, neonatal female, abdomen scar present, Da-xi, June 2004.
 Diagnosis. Body fusiform, moderately stout; medium grey in young, darker grey-brown in adult, lighter below, with darker dusky spots on sides of some individuals; fins dusky with blackish edges in young but uniform dusky in adults, first dorsal fin without a white blotch; caudal peduncle without keels. Pectoral fins angular. First dorsal apex subangular in adults. Anal fin height 4.6 to 6.0% of total length. Anal fin with strongly concave posterior margin. Caudal fin with ventral caudal lobe short but stout. Teeth similar in both jaws; two to five (mostly four) rows of small intermediate teeth between upper anterior and lateral tooth rows; a pair of upper and a pair of lower symphysial teeth present; tooth rows numerous, 48 to 56/36 to 46 (88 to 102 total); root lobes of anterolateral teeth deeply arched and narrow; anterolateral teeth usually with 2 or 3 pairs of lateral cusplets.
 Distribution. Circumglobal, but patchily distributed. Western Pacific records in addition to the new record for Taiwan includes southern Japan, New South Wales Australia, and New Zealand.
description: Published as part of Hsu, Hua Hsun, Joung, Shoou Jeng, Ebert, David A. & Lin, Chia Yen, 2013, Records of new and rare elasmobranchs from Taiwan, pp. 249-255 in Zootaxa 3752 (1) on pages 250-251, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3752.1.15, http://zenodo.org/record/218453
Microscopic ice friction
Creators: name: Kietzig, Anne-Marie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Microscopic ice friction was studied systematically across all to ice friction relevant friction regimes using several metallic interfaces. A rheometer with a newly designed fixture for friction measurements was used in these studies. The investigations focus on the influence of material properties, such as surface wettability, roughness, surface structure, surface nanopatterning, and thermal conductivity. Using a femtosecond laser process certain dual scale roughness structures were created to mimic the lotus leaf on the surface of inherently hydrophilic metal alloys. After laser irradiation the samples show initially superhydrophilic behavior with complete wetting of the structured surface. However, over time these surfaces become hydrophobic to superhydrophobic. The change in wetting behavior correlates with the amount of carbon found on the structured surface. The explanation for the time dependency of the surface wettability lies in the combined effect of surface morphology and surface chemistry. With regard to ice friction this controlled lotus-like roughness significantly increases the coefficient of friction at low sliding speeds and temperatures well below the ice melting point. However, at temperatures close to the melting point and relatively higher speeds, roughness and hydrophobicity significantly decrease ice friction. This decrease in friction is mainly due to the suppression of capillary bridges. The influence of surface structure on ice friction was also investigated isolated from the effect of surface roughness. It is shown that grooves oriented in the sliding direction also significantly decrease friction in the low velocity range compared to scratches and grooves randomly distributed over a surface. The isolated effect of thermal conductivity on ice friction is investigated by thermally insulating the slider and the friction fixture with fiberglass. A decrease of the friction coefficient in the boundary friction regime and an earlier onset of the mixed friction regime in terms of sliding velocity are reported. Furthermore, the dependence of the ice friction coefficient on sliding velocity is compared for different sliding materials. It was concluded that the influence of thermal conductivity decreases with increasing sliding velocity.
Integration
Creators: name: El-Mafaalani, Aladin
Publisher: name: Universität Osnabrück
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Integrationspolitik
subject: Teilhabe
subject: Inklusion
subject: Minderheiten
subject: Migrationshintergrund
subject: 370 - Bildung und Erziehung
subject: 81.21 - Soziale Ungleichheit im Bildungswesen

description: Integration ist ein zentraler Begriff in öffentlichen und politischen Migrationsdiskursen. Der Beitrag differenziert verschiedene Ausrichtungen und Anwendungsfelder des Integrationsbegriffs, rekonstruiert seinen Bedeutungszuwachs im öffentlichen Diskurs und skizziert etablierte wissenschaftliche Integrationsbegriffe und die Kritik an ihnen.
Tradeoffs between Growth and Reproduction in Acer rubrum and A. saccharum
Creators: name: Vincent, Chantalle
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2023
Subjects: forest ecology
global change

description: Though forests are vital ecosystems to humans many aspects of forest dynamics remain unknown, including how reproduction of tree species may shift under climate change. Most studies have focused on predicting tree growth, i.e., plant productivity, under novel environmental conditions, but understanding how reproduction may also be affected will be especially vital to forecasting future forest communities. Of particular interest is the relationship between annual growth and reproductive output, which has often been hypothesized as a tradeoff between allocating resources to growth or to reproduction. Two proposed pathways of this tradeoff, resource accumulation, i.e., storage of resources over time, and resource allocation, i.e., same year allocation of resources to reproduction, have been widely explored in relation to masting events. It has also been proposed that there is no internal tradeoff between the two functions, but rather there exists one or more climate variables that are intrinsically linked to both, referred to as the “weather hypothesis.” In this study, we use dendrochronological data and seed rain collections from forest stands at two latitudes to determine if one or more of these strategies are taking place in two commonly occurring tree species, red maple, Acer rubrum, and sugar maple, Acer saccharum. We found evidence of a tradeoff in both species. We also found a combination of strategies was the norm, and there appeared to be evidence to also support the weather hypothesis. However, in both species, the strategy which dictated the tradeoff switched between the northern and southern regions. Identifying the combination of pathways that link growth and reproduction and how these change between populations can assist in understanding and forecasting plant allocation of resources as growing conditions vary.
Appraising the community in community-based tourism
Creators: name: Fan, Keng Hang Frankie
name: Ng, Sai Leung
name: Bayrak, Mucahid Mustafa
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Community-based tourism (CBT) emphasises attributes such as sustainability, local participation, and the maximisation of benefits to the community. However, limited scholarly interventions and critical debates have been conducted regarding what constitutes a community in tourism destinations. In Taman Negara, Malaysia, residents of various ethnic groups have considerably different interpretations of community and boundaries therein. Malay, Malaysian Chinese, and Orang Asli Batek people have contradicting claims and perceptions regarding who is Indigenous, who is a local, and who is the rightful host community of Taman Negara. The perceptions of such boundaries can be highly political; consequently, certain groups feel threatened when they are seemingly peripheral to official designations. The fuzzy boundaries of what constitutes a community make governance and the assessment of CBT considerably challenging. A suggestion is to resist predefining a community and to instead consider its fluid boundaries and heterogeneity in CBT planning and research.
Variación Del Brillo Del Fondo De Cielo En El Cénit Con La Fase Y Altura De La Luna
Creators: name: Sánchez de Miguel, Alejandro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Light pollution
moon
sky brightness

description: Análisis de la evolución de brillo de fondo de cielo en el zenit en el Observatorio UCM durante las noches del mes de julio de 2012 y su relación con la altura y la fase de la Luna. El estudio se ha realizado con El dispositivo AstMon-UCM en la banda V de Johnson. Se ha podido determinar que existe una relación lineal entre la altura de la luna y el brillo de fondo de cielo para las noches estudiadas. La evolución con la fase ha dicho más difícil estudiar su relación debido a la coincidencia con un evento de aumento de los aerosoles. La evolución media de las noches con luna y sin luna vienen marcadas por la presencia o ausencia de luna y el normal decaimiento del brillo de fondo de cielo, debido al apagado de luces ornamentales en la ciudad y otras fuentes correlacionadas con el consumo general de energía eléctrica. Variación del brillo del fondo de cielo en el cénit con la fase y altura de la Luna
description: Degree thesis
Microbial processes and carbon utilization in high sulfate waters and sediments
Creators: name: Schmidtova, Jana
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The application of microorganisms for treating high sulfate effluents is proving to be an effective approach although the processes involved are not well understood. One example is the use of anaerobic passive systems such as mine pit lakes and subsurface flow wetlands. This work addresses the missing information on microbial processes in two high sulfate environments: a permanently stratified fjord and a subsurface flow wetland treating mine waste. In Nitinat Lake fjord, although sulfide was present, no significant sulfate reduction occurred and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) of the dissimilatory sulfite reductase gene (dsr) detected very few sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). Instead, the small subunit rRNA phylogenetic analysis revealed almost complete domination by novel Arcobacter-related species in deep anoxic water. In contrast, substantial sulfate reduction was measured in the fjord sediments. A rate of 250 ± 60 nmol cm⁻³ d⁻¹ was determined, and 8.7 ± 0.7 x 10⁶ copies of dsr mL⁻¹ were found using quantitative PCR (qPCR). When the sediments were amended with carbon sources (acetate, lactate, or a mixture of compost, silage and molasses), acetate stimulated the highest rate of sulfate reduction. An operating passive treatment system remediating metal-containing seepage near the Teck smelter in Trail, B.C. was used for a study of five carbon materials (silage, pulp mill biosolids, compost, molasses with hay, and cattails) as potential substrates for passive systems. Phylogenetic analyses of SSU rRNA and dsr genes were performed, as well as qPCR and chemical analyses of carbon parameters including easily degradable material (EDM), dissolved and particulate organic carbon (DOC and TOC), particulate nitrogen (PN), and carbon to nitrogen ratio C/N. Silage showed highest sulfate-reducing potential. The results showed that the initial C/N ratio of organic materials correlated positively with the SRB activity. However, phylogenetic analysis determined that the majority of bacterial species belonged to Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes phyla likely involved in complex carbon degradation. The lack of SRB in the actual system suggests that processes other than sulfate reduction are responsible for metal removal. This study contributed to the understanding of microbial processes and therefore aids in improving design and monitoring of passive treatment systems.
Parmaturus pilosus Garman 1906
Creators: name: Hsu, Hua Hsun
name: Joung, Shoou Jeng
name: Ebert, David A.
name: Lin, Chia Yen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Elasmobranchii
Carcharhiniformes
Scyliorhinidae
Parmaturus
Parmaturus pilosus

description: Parmaturus pilosus Garman, 1906
Salamander shark
(Figures 3, 4)
 Parmaturus pilosus Garman, 1906 (Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard, 46(11): 204; type locality: 34°59'N, 139°31'E, Sagami Bay, Japan).
 Material examined. (2 specimens). EBFS020204010602-1, 58.8 cm TL, mature female, Cheng-gong, April 2012. EBFS020204010602-2, 60.1 cm TL, mature female, Cheng-gong, April 2012. Egg capsule 1: 79.55 mm × 30.76 mm × 15.68 mm with a 37.42 mm × 27.10 mm oval egg (Figure 3). Egg capsule 2: 76.52 mm × 19.28 mm × 14.47 mm with a 40.74 mm × 18.35 columned egg. Five specimens were obtained from a fish buyer, but three individuals were processed and sold, while two others were kept for research; two egg capsules (EBFS020204010602-3) from 1 of 3 processed individuals were also retained and are deposited with the two intact specimens.
 Diagnosis. Snout moderately short and broadly rounded, 2/3 of mouth width; nasal flaps large, narrow-based and lobate; gill septa not excavated and concave posteriorly. First dorsal fin about as large as second; first dorsal origin just behind pelvic origins; first dorsal insertion slightly behind pelvic insertions; second dorsal smaller than anal fin; second dorsal origin well behind anal origin; second dorsal insertion about over anal insertion; ventral edge of caudal peduncle and preventral caudal margin with a crest of enlarged denticles.
 Distribution. Known previously from off southern Japan, these new records extends its geographic range to the deep waters off northeastern Taiwan.
description: Published as part of Hsu, Hua Hsun, Joung, Shoou Jeng, Ebert, David A. & Lin, Chia Yen, 2013, Records of new and rare elasmobranchs from Taiwan, pp. 249-255 in Zootaxa 3752 (1) on page 251, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3752.1.15, http://zenodo.org/record/218453
Carbon Contingent Common Stocks (CCCS): A Novel Carbon Pricing Instrument
Creators: name: Boutron-Löchen, Philippe
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: carbon pricing
climate change
Carbon Markets
Green Finance
Corporate Governance
Climate risk
externalities
Sustainability

description: Abstract

Carbon pricing is a crucial policy tool for internalizing the climate externality of green- house gas emissions. However, conventional instruments— carbon taxes and cap-and-trade markets—face practical and political limitations that hinder their effectiveness. In particular, implemented carbon prices are often too low to drive the industrial transformations needed, and the social acceptability of these measures remains tenuous. In this context, we propose a new carbon pricing mechanism: Carbon Contingent Common Stocks (CCCS), or carbon- contingent shares. This innovative financial instrument links shareholder remuneration to a firm’s climate performance by conditioning dividend payouts on the achievement of pre-set emissions targets. Our study introduces the concept of CCCS and situates it relative to existing carbon pricing approaches. We review the theoretical foundations of carbon pricing and the evolution of current policies, analyze the shortcomings of existing approaches, and then detail the economic mechanism of CCCS along with its potential advantages. We also discuss the economic and institutional feasibility of implementing this instrument. CCCS could enhance the credibility of corporate climate commitments and complement existing policy tools, provided that appropriate conditions for its deployment are met.
Nanoscale austenite reversion through partitioning, segregation, and kinetic freezing: Example of a ductile 2 GPa Fe-Cr-C steel
Creators: name: Yuan, L.
name: Ponge, D.
name: Wittig, J.
name: Choi, P.
name: Jiménez, J. A.
name: Raabe, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Austenite reversion during tempering of a Fe-13.6Cr-0.44C (wt.%) martensite results in an ultrahigh strength ferritic stainless steel with excellent ductility. The austenite reversion mechanism is coupled to the kinetic freezing of carbon during low-temperature partitioning at the interfaces between martensite and retained austenite and to carbon segregation at martensite-martensite grain boundaries. An advantage of austenite reversion is its scalability, i.e., changing tempering time and temperature tailors the desired strength-ductility profiles (e.g. tempering at 400°C for 1 min. produces a 2 GPa ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and 14% elongation while 30 min. at 400°C results in a UTS of ~ 1.75 GPa with an elongation of 23%). The austenite reversion process, carbide precipitation, and carbon segregation have been characterized by XRD, EBSD, TEM, and atom probe tomography (APT) in order to develop the structure-property relationships that control the material's strength and ductility.
description: in press Acta Materialia 2012
title: Besondere Bestimmungen der Prüfungsordnung für den Bachelorstudiengang Lehramt an Berufskollegs mit dem Unterrichtsfach Französisch an der Universität Paderborn : vom 22. Juli 2016
Creators: name: Universität Paderborn
Publisher: name: UB-PAD - Paderborn University Library
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Sozialwissenschaften
subject: Bildung und Erziehung
subject: Hochschulbildung

description: Amtliche Mitteilungen / Universität Paderborn
title: Besondere Bestimmungen der Prüfungsordnung für den Masterstudiengang Lehramt an Haupt-, Real-, Sekundar- und Gesamtschulen mit dem Unterrichtsfach Geschichte an der Universität Paderborn : vom 22. Juli 2016
Creators: name: Universität Paderborn
Publisher: name: UB-PAD - Paderborn University Library
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Sozialwissenschaften
subject: Bildung und Erziehung
subject: Hochschulbildung

description: Amtliche Mitteilungen / Universität Paderborn
Millimetre observations of a sub-arcsecond jet from Circinus X-1
Creators: name: Calvelo, D. E.
name: Fender, R. P.
name: Tzioumis, A. K.
name: Broderick, J. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from the first successful millimetre (combined 33 GHz and 35 GHz) observations of the neutron star X-ray binary Circinus X-1, using the Australia Telescope Compact Array. The source was clearly detected in all three observing epochs. We see strong evidence for a periastron flare beginning at MJD 55519.9 \pm 0.04 with estimated peak flux densities of up to 50 mJy and which proceeds to decline over the following four days. We directly resolve jet structures on sub-arcsecond scales. Flux density variability and distance from the core of nearby components suggests recent shock re-energisation, though we are unable to directly connect this with the observed flare. We suggest that, if the emission is powered by an unseen outflow, then a phase delay exists between flare onset and subsequent brightening of nearby components, with flows reaching mildly relativistic velocities. Given resolved structure positions, in comparison to past observations of Cir X-1, we find evidence that jet direction may vary with distance from the core, or the source's precession parameters have changed.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Notoraja tobitukai Hiyama 1940
Creators: name: Hsu, Hua Hsun
name: Joung, Shoou Jeng
name: Ebert, David A.
name: Lin, Chia Yen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Elasmobranchii
Rajiformes
Arhynchobatidae
Notoraja
Notoraja tobitukai

description: Notoraja tobitukai (Hiyama, 1940)
Leadhued skate
(Figure 5)
 Raja tobitukai Hiyama, 1940 (Japan. J. Zool.: 169, fig. 1.; type locality: Kumano-Nada, Japan). Breviraja tobitukai: Huang, 2001: 404 -463.
 Material examined. (2 specimens). EBFS020212040401-1, 43.6 cm TL, mature female, Da-xi, December 2004; CAS 235281, 43 cm TL, mature female, Da-xi, May 2005.
 Diagnosis. Snout flexible; rostral cartilage either absent, incomplete, rod-like or very narrow with its width not exceeding its depth; no thorn on scapular and nuchal regions; tail thorns absent or very weak; dermal denticles uniformly distributed on dorsal side of disc. Disc grayish on both sides.
 Distribution. South China Sea, Taiwan, East China Sea to southern waters off Japan. This species has previously been reported from the South China Sea, off southern Taiwan (Shao et al., 2008), but these new records represent the first from off northern Taiwan.
description: Published as part of Hsu, Hua Hsun, Joung, Shoou Jeng, Ebert, David A. & Lin, Chia Yen, 2013, Records of new and rare elasmobranchs from Taiwan, pp. 249-255 in Zootaxa 3752 (1) on page 252, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3752.1.15, http://zenodo.org/record/218453
A Comparative Analysis of Carbon Emissions of Grocery Pickup and Delivery in Urban and Rural Regions
Creators: name: Huang, Luyi
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2023
Subjects: food systems
last mile

description: The majority of life cycle studies on E-Commerce indicate that direct-to-consumer delivery models tend to have lower environmental impacts than traditional retail; however, most studies contain assumptions associated with relatively high population densities, rather than rural consumption patterns. This study quantifies the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission differences between grocery pickup and grocery delivery in urban and rural areas comparing multiple operational logistics scenarios. The study's results showed that grocery E-Commerce has lower GHG emissions in both urban and rural areas compared with brick and mortar (14-55% GHG and 15-52% GHG improvement), but the overall values of urban grocery shopping are lower than rural grocery shopping with moderate difference (116 Kg GHG/wk vs. 122.2 Kg GHG/wk). In addition, E-Commerce that involves delivering directly from a distribution center has greater benefits than E-Commerce models that involve a physical store (110.5- 115.6 Kg GHG/wk vs. 114.9-120 Kg GHG/wk ). If the availability and convenience of grocery delivery increases the frequency of grocery shopping, the overall GHG benefits of e-commerce will likely be reduced. Although the study showed substantial variation in last-mile emissions across the scenarios analyzed, delivery method is significantly less important than the embodied emissions of food and food waste of groceries (6-8 % downstream vs 34-38 % food and 24-27 % food waste). Any induced changes to food consumption patterns resulting from E-commerce will likely have a much greater effect on the impacts of the food system than any last-mile differences.
Importance of carbon solubility and wetting properties of nickel nanoparticles for single wall nanotube growth
Creators: name: Diarra, Mamadou
name: Zappelli, Alexandre
name: Amara, Hakim
name: Ducastelle, François
name: Bichara, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optimized growth of Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes requires a full knowledge of the actual state of the catalyst nanoparticle and its interface with the tube. Using Tight Binding based atomistic computer simulations, we calculate carbon adsorption isotherms on nanoparticles of nickel, a typical catalyst, and show that carbon solubility increases for smaller nanoparticles that are either molten or surface molten under experimental conditions. Increasing carbon content favors the dewetting of Ni nanoparticles with respect to sp2 carbon walls, a necessary property to limit catalyst encapsulation and deactivation. Grand Canonical Monte Carlo simulations of the growth of tube embryos show that wetting properties of the nanoparticles, controlled by carbon solubility, are of fundamental importance to enable the growth, shedding a new light on the growth mechanisms.
Dipturus gigas Ishiyama 1958
Creators: name: Hsu, Hua Hsun
name: Joung, Shoou Jeng
name: Ebert, David A.
name: Lin, Chia Yen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Elasmobranchii
Rajiformes
Rajidae
Dipturus
Dipturus gigas

description: Dipturus gigas (Ishiyama, 1958)
Giant skate
(Figure 6)
 Dipturus gigas Ishiyama, 1958 (J. Shimonoseki Coll. Fisher., 7: 386 figs. 84, 86; type locality: Aichi, Japan).
 Material examined. (2 specimens). EBFS020212040301-1, 20.6 cm total length (TL), juvenile male, Da-xi, January 2004; EBFS020212040301-2, 32.3 cm TL, juvenile female, Da-xi, March 2004.
 Diagnosis. Snout with well-defined, firm rostral cartilage; disc somewhat angular; snout medium to elongate, distinctly angular anteriorly; rostral cartilage long, mostly exceeding 60% dorsal head length; adult clasper lacking a projecting distal cartilage. In adults, snout long; its length more than 1/2 the distance from snout tip to fifth gill opening. Tail short; disc width more than 1.5 times tail length. Pelvic anterior lobe long, reaching beyond middle of posterior lobe. Both sides of disc and tail uniformly dark purplish-brown or grayish-brown.
 Distribution. South China Sea, Taiwan, East China Sea to Japan waters in 300–1000 m deep.
description: Published as part of Hsu, Hua Hsun, Joung, Shoou Jeng, Ebert, David A. & Lin, Chia Yen, 2013, Records of new and rare elasmobranchs from Taiwan, pp. 249-255 in Zootaxa 3752 (1) on page 253, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3752.1.15, http://zenodo.org/record/218453
title: Besondere Bestimmungen der Prüfungsordnung für den Bachelorstudiengang Lehramt an Gymnasien und Gesamtschulen mit dem Unterrichtsfach Geschichte an der Universität Paderborn : vom 22. Juli 2016
Creators: name: Universität Paderborn
Publisher: name: UB-PAD - Paderborn University Library
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Sozialwissenschaften
subject: Bildung und Erziehung
subject: Hochschulbildung

description: Amtliche Mitteilungen / Universität Paderborn
Discovery of gamma-ray emission from the supernova remnant Kes 17 with Fermi Large Area Telescope
Creators: name: Wu, J. H. K.
name: Wu, E. M. H.
name: Hui, C. Y.
name: Tam, P. H. T.
name: Huang, R. H. H.
name: Kong, A. K. H.
name: Cheng, K. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of GeV emission at the position of supernova remnant Kes 17 by using the data from the Large Area Telescope on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. Kes 17 can be clearly detected with a significance of ~12 sigma in the 1 - 20 GeV range. Moreover, a number of gamma-ray sources were detected in its vicinity. The gamma-ray spectrum of Kes 17 can be well described by a simple power-law with a photon index of ~ 2.4. Together with the multi-wavelength evidence for its interactions with the nearby molecular cloud, the gamma-ray detection suggests that Kes 17 is a candidate acceleration site for cosmic-rays.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in ApJ Letter
title: Besondere Bestimmungen der Prüfungsordnung für den Masterstudiengang Lehramt an Gymnasien und Gesamtschulen mit dem Unterrichtsfach Geschichte an der Universität Paderborn : vom 22. Juli 2016
Creators: name: Universität Paderborn
Publisher: name: UB-PAD - Paderborn University Library
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Sozialwissenschaften
subject: Bildung und Erziehung
subject: Hochschulbildung

description: Amtliche Mitteilungen / Universität Paderborn
title: A List of Bilateral Civilian Nuclear Co-operation Agreements: Volumes 1 - 5
Creators: name: Keeley, James F.
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Volume 1: The Treaty List Project; Volume 2: Afghanistan - German Democratic Republic; Volume 3: Germany (Federal Republic of) - Russia (USSR); Volume 4: Saudi Arabia - Zambia; Volumne 5: List by Sequences
The quantum sl(n) graph invariant and a moduli space
Creators: name: Lobb, Andrew
name: Zentner, Raphael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M25

description: We associate a moduli problem to a colored trivalent graph; such graphs, when planar, appear in the state-sum description of the quantum sl(N) knot polynomial due to Murakami, Ohtsuki, and Yamada. We discuss how the resulting moduli space can be thought of a representation variety. We show that the Euler characteristic of the moduli space is equal to the quantum sl(N) polynomial of the graph evaluated at unity. Possible extensions of the result are also indicated.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
title: Structural learning for continuous data using graphical models
Creators: name: Szili, Benjamin
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2022

description: The field of statistics, and science as a whole has continuously been improving the study of increasingly complex structures, not only focusing on their individual components but also how they interaction with each other and their dependencies. This thesis is centered around learning the structure of data using graphical models. Graphical models allow the visual representation of dependence relations between a set of random variables through graphs, specified by some type of model formula. Whether the goal is probabilistic inference, mainly dealing with belief propagation, or causal inference, focusing on interventions, it is very important to be able to learn the underlying structure given a set of variables. In graph theory, this can be achieved by applying structural learning algorithms, either based on constraints or some scoring function. While there are a number of such algorithms that have been used extensively and are effective, they are somewhat limited by the type of relationships they can learn. Current methods excel at learning a network structure when the variables of interest are discrete, or if continuous, they are Gaussian. The main objective of this thesis is therefore to create a structural learning algorithm that is able to establish dependence relations that are not between discrete or Gaussian variables. Initially relevant literature and key methodology on graphical models, kernel methods and information theory were reviewed. The aim was to use a measurement that can reliably detect pairwise and conditional dependencies between random variables that are not necessarily Gaussian. The main contribution of the thesis is then the incorporation of kernel methods and Mutual Information to create new structural learning algorithm using graphs to visualize the learned structure. The resulting algorithm with three variants is then applied in a number of settings. First, a simulation setup using the post non-linear noise model on synthetic data was examined to compare performance of the new algorithm to a current approach. As the structure was known from the setup, the focus in this context was to see whether the algorithm successfully learns the structure. The remaining two settings then present cases where the new algorithm can be applied to provide insight and improve inference by accounting for the dependence structure. One of these settings is focusing on distinguishing handwritten digits, initially using Gaussian Process latent variable models (GP-LVMs). The second setting then applies the algorithm in to the field of phonetics, the task focusing on identifying speakers based on sound data.
Internal shock model for the X-ray flares of Swift J1644+57
Creators: name: Wang, F. Y.
name: Cheng, K. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Swift J1644+57 is an unusual transient event, likely powered by the tidal disruption of a star by a massive black hole. There are multiple short timescales X-ray flares were seen over a span of several days. We propose that these flares could be produced by internal shocks. In the internal shock model, the forward and reverse shocks are produced by collisions between relativistic shells ejected from central engine. The synchrotron emission from the forward and reverse shocks could dominate at two quite different energy bands under some conditions, the relativistic reverse shock dominates the X-ray emission and the Newtonian forward shock dominates the infrared and optical emission. We show that the spectral energy distribution of Swift J1644+57 could be explained by internal shock model.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
title: Besondere Bestimmungen der Prüfungsordnung für den Bachelorstudiengang Lehramt an Haupt-, Real-, Sekundar- und Gesamtschulen mit dem Unterrichtsfach Hauswirtschaft (Konsum, Ernährung, Gesundheit) an der Universität Paderborn : vom 22. Juli 2016
Creators: name: Universität Paderborn
Publisher: name: UB-PAD - Paderborn University Library
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Sozialwissenschaften
subject: Bildung und Erziehung
subject: Hochschulbildung

description: Amtliche Mitteilungen / Universität Paderborn
Unconventional Sequence of Fractional Quantum Hall States in Suspended Graphene
Creators: name: Feldman, Benjamin E.
name: Krauss, Benjamin
name: Smet, Jurgen H.
name: Yacoby, Amir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interactions among electrons can give rise to striking collective phenomena when the kinetic energy of charge carriers is suppressed. One example is the fractional quantum Hall effect, in which correlations between electrons moving in two dimensions under the influence of a strong magnetic field generate excitations with fractional charge. Graphene provides a platform to study unique many-body effects due to its massless chiral charge carriers and the fourfold degeneracy that arises from their spin and valley degrees of freedom. Here we report local electronic compressibility measurements of a suspended graphene flake performed using a scanning single-electron transistor. Between Landau level filling v = 0 and 1, we observe incompressible fractional quantum Hall states that follow the standard composite fermion sequence v = p/(2p \pm 1) for all integer p \leq 4. In contrast, incompressible behavior occurs only at v = 4/3, 8/5, 10/7 and 14/9 between v = 1 and 2. These fractions correspond to a subset of the standard composite fermion sequence involving only even numerators, suggesting a robust underlying symmetry. We extract the energy gaps associated with each fractional quantum Hall state as a function of magnetic field. The states at v = 1/3, 2/3, 4/3 and 8/5 are the strongest at low field, and persist below 1.5 T. The unusual sequence of incompressible states provides insight into the interplay between electronic correlations and SU(4) symmetry in graphene.
Deposition of droplets onto solid objects in aerosol flow
Creators: name: Petkovic, Bojan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: In this work, the effect of velocity on deposition coefficients and capture efficiencies on a circular disk, placed normal to an aerosol flow was investigated. The superficial gas velocity was varied in the range of 0.1 m/s to 1.5 m/s, while the volume median diameter of the droplet size distribution varied between 3.9 and 7.5 microns. The morphology and distribution of deposits on the upstream and downstream surface of the disk were observed and measured. The effect of contact angles (20°, 51°, 94°) on deposition, and dry vs. wet surface effects were also investigated. It was found that in the range of velocity and droplet sizes investigated, deposition on the upstream side was dominated by the inertial impaction mechanism. Capture efficiencies increased with velocity and droplet size, and could be explained by the inertial impaction mechanism from the upward flow, using the potential flow approximation. For the downstream side, capture efficiencies increased with droplet size and showed a minimum with velocity. It is postulated that the governing deposition mechanism for the downstream side is the inertial impaction mechanism with gravity in the flow direction. On the upstream side, it was found that deposits were concentrated closer to the coupon edge, while on the downstream side, the distribution of deposits on the surface was uniform. In the range of investigated contact angles, there was no significant difference observed between the deposition rates. The same can be said for the effect of dry vs. wet coupon surface.