Extreme drought impacts have been underestimated in grasslands and shrublands globally
Creators: name: Smith, Melinda D
name: Wilkins, Kate D
name: Holdrege, Martin C
name: Wilfahrt, Peter
name: Collins, Scott L
name: Knapp, Alan K
name: Sala, Osvaldo E
name: Dukes, Jeffrey S
name: Phillips, Richard P
name: Yahdjian, Laura
name: Gherardi, Laureano A
name: Ohlert, Timothy
name: Beier, Claus
name: Fraser, Lauchlan H
name: Jentsch, Anke
name: Loik, Michael E
name: Maestre, Fernando T
name: Power, Sally A
name: Yu, Qiang
name: Felton, Andrew J
name: Munson, Seth M
name: Luo, Yiqi
name: Abdoli, Hamed
name: Abedi, Mehdi
name: Alados, Concepción L
name: Alberti, Juan
name: Alon, Moshe
name: An, Hui
name: Anacker, Brian
name: Anderson, Maggie
name: Auge, Harald
name: Bachle, Seton
name: Bahalkeh, Khadijeh
name: Bahn, Michael
name: Batbaatar, Amgaa
name: Bauerle, Taryn
name: Beard, Karen H
name: Behn, Kai
name: Beil, Ilka
name: Biancari, Lucio
name: Blindow, Irmgard
name: Bondaruk, Viviana Florencia
name: Borer, Elizabeth T
name: Bork, Edward W
name: Bruschetti, Carlos Martin
name: Byrne, Kerry M
name: Cahill, James F
name: Calvo, Dianela A
name: Carbognani, Michele
name: Cardoni, Augusto
name: Carlyle, Cameron N
name: Castillo-Garcia, Miguel
name: Chang, Scott X
name: Chieppa, Jeff
name: Cianciaruso, Marcus V
name: Cohen, Ofer
name: Cordeiro, Amanda L
name: Cusack, Daniela F
name: Dahlke, Sven
name: Daleo, Pedro
name: D'Antonio, Carla M
name: Dietterich, Lee H
name: S Doherty, Tim
name: Dubbert, Maren
name: Ebeling, Anne
name: Eisenhauer, Nico
name: Fischer, Felícia M
name: Forte, T'ai G W
name: Gebauer, Tobias
name: Gozalo, Beatriz
name: Greenville, Aaron C
name: Guidoni-Martins, Karlo G
name: Hannusch, Heather J
name: Vatsø Haugum, Siri
name: Hautier, Yann
name: Hefting, Mariet
name: Henry, Hugh A L
name: Hoss, Daniela
name: Ingrisch, Johannes
name: Iribarne, Oscar
name: Isbell, Forest
name: Johnson, Yari
name: Jordan, Samuel
name: Kelly, Eugene F
name: Kimmel, Kaitlin
name: Kreyling, Juergen
name: Kröel-Dulay, György
name: Kröpfl, Alicia
name: Kübert, Angelika
name: Kulmatiski, Andrew
name: Lamb, Eric G
name: Larsen, Klaus Steenberg
name: Larson, Julie
name: Lawson, Jason
name: Leder, Cintia V
name: Linstädter, Anja
name: Liu, Jielin
name: Liu, Shirong
name: Lodge, Alexandra G
name: Longo, Grisel
name: Loydi, Alejandro
name: Luan, Junwei
name: Curtis Lubbe, Frederick
name: Macfarlane, Craig
name: Mackie-Haas, Kathleen
name: Malyshev, Andrey V
name: Maturano-Ruiz, Adrián
name: Merchant, Thomas
name: Metcalfe, Daniel B
name: Mori, Akira S
name: Mudongo, Edwin
name: Newman, Gregory S
name: Nielsen, Uffe N
name: Nimmo, Dale
name: Niu, Yujie
name: Nobre, Paola
name: O'Connor, Rory C
name: Ogaya, Romà
name: Oñatibia, Gastón R
name: Orbán, Ildikó
name: Osborne, Brooke
name: Otfinowski, Rafael
name: Pärtel, Meelis
name: Penuelas, Josep
name: Peri, Pablo L
name: Peter, Guadalupe
name: Petraglia, Alessandro
name: Picon-Cochard, Catherine
name: Pillar, Valério D
name: Piñeiro-Guerra, Juan Manuel
name: Ploughe, Laura W
name: Plowes, Robert M
name: Portales-Reyes, Cristy
name: Prober, Suzanne M
name: Pueyo, Yolanda
name: Reed, Sasha C
name: Ritchie, Euan G
name: Rodríguez, Dana Aylén
name: Rogers, William E
name: Roscher, Christiane
name: Sánchez, Ana M
name: Santos, Bráulio A
name: Cecilia Scarfó, María
name: Seabloom, Eric W
name: Shi, Baoku
name: Souza, Lara
name: Stampfli, Andreas
name: Standish, Rachel J
name: Sternberg, Marcelo
name: Sun, Wei
name: Sünnemann, Marie
name: Tedder, Michelle
name: Thorvaldsen, Pål
name: Tian, Dashuan
name: Tielbörger, Katja
name: Valdecantos, Alejandro
name: Van Den Brink, Liesbeth
name: Vandvik, Vigdis
name: Vankoughnett, Mathew R
name: Guri Velle, Liv
name: Wang, Changhui
name: Wang, Yi
name: Wardle, Glenda M
name: Werner, Christiane
name: Wei, Cunzheng
name: Wiehl, Georg
name: Williams, Jennifer L
name: Wolf, Amelia A
name: Zeiter, Michaela
name: Zhang, Fawei
name: Zhu, Juntao
name: Zong, Ning
name: Zuo, Xiaoan
Publisher: name: (:unav)
Year: 2024
Subjects: Drought-Net
International Drought Experiment
climate extreme
productivity

description: Climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of short-term (~1 y) drought events-the most common duration of drought-globally. Yet the impact of this intensification of drought on ecosystem functioning remains poorly resolved. This is due in part to the widely disparate approaches ecologists have employed to study drought, variation in the severity and duration of drought studied, and differences among ecosystems in vegetation, edaphic and climatic attributes that can mediate drought impacts. To overcome these problems and better identify the factors that modulate drought responses, we used a coordinated distributed experiment to quantify the impact of short-term drought on grassland and shrubland ecosystems. With a standardized approach, we imposed ~a single year of drought at 100 sites on six continents. Here we show that loss of a foundational ecosystem function-aboveground net primary production (ANPP)-was 60% greater at sites that experienced statistically extreme drought (1-in-100-y event) vs. those sites where drought was nominal (historically more common) in magnitude (35% vs. 21%, respectively). This reduction in a key carbon cycle process with a single year of extreme drought greatly exceeds previously reported losses for grasslands and shrublands. Our global experiment also revealed high variability in drought response but that relative reductions in ANPP were greater in drier ecosystems and those with fewer plant species. Overall, our results demonstrate with unprecedented rigor that the global impacts of projected increases in drought severity have been significantly underestimated and that drier and less diverse sites are likely to be most vulnerable to extreme drought.