cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Molecular insights into quality and authentication of sheep meat from proteomics and metabolomics
Creators: name: Zhang, Renyu
name: Pavan, Enrique
name: Ross, Alastair
name: Deb Choudhury, Santanu
name: Dixit, Yash
name: Mungure, Tanyaradzwa
name: Realini Cujo, Carolina
name: Cao, Mingshu
name: Farouk, Mustafa
Publisher: name: AgResearch
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310199
subject: Biochemistry and cell biology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 310602
subject: Bioprocessing, bioproduction and bioproducts

description: Sheep meat (encompassing lamb, hogget and mutton) is an important source of animal protein in many countries, with a unique flavour and sensory profile compared to other red meats. Flavour, colour and texture are the key quality attributes contributing to consumer liking of sheep meat. Over the last decades, various factors from ‘farm to fork’, including production system (e.g., age, breed, feeding regimes, sex, pre-slaughter stress, and carcass suspension), post-mortem manipulation and processing (e.g., electrical stimulation, ageing, packaging types, and chilled and frozen storage) have been identified as influencing different aspects of sheep meat quality. However conventional meat-quality assessment tools are not able to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and pathways for quality variations. Advances in broad-based analytical techniques have offered opportunities to obtain deeper insights into the molecular changes of sheep meat which may become biomarkers for specific variations in quality traits and meat authenticity. This review provides an overview on how omics techniques, especially proteomics (including peptidomics) and metabolomics (including lipidomics and volatilomics) are applied to elucidate the variations in sheep meat quality, mainly in loin muscles, focusing on colour, texture and flavour, and as tools for authentication.
Significance
From this review, we observed that attempts have been made to utilise proteomics and metabolomics techniques on sheep meat products for elucidating pathways of quality variations due to various factors. For instance, the improvement of colour stability and tenderness could be associated with the changes to glycolysis, energy metabolism and endogenous antioxidant capacity. Several studies identify proteolysis as being important, but potentially conflicting for quality as the enhanced proteolysis improves tenderness and flavour, while reducing colour stability. The use of multiple analytical methods e.g., lipidomics, metabolomics, and volatilomics, detects a wider range of flavour precursors (including both water and lipid soluble compounds) that underlie the possible pathways for sheep meat flavour evolution. The technological advancement in omics (e.g., direct analysis-mass spectrometry) could make analysis of the proteins, lipids and metabolites in sheep meat routine, as well as enhance the confidence in quality determination and molecular-based assurance of meat authenticity.
Jurors and Confessions: The Current State of the Literature
Creators: name: Mindthoff, Amelia
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Other Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: confession
subject: expert witness
subject: interrogation
subject: jurors
subject: jury
subject: meta-analysis
subject: mock jurors
subject: systematic review

description: The present review aims to assess the current state of the jury-confession literature, with a primary focus on understanding how confessions impact jurors’ verdict decisions. Additionally, this review seeks to determine what case-specific factors (i.e., interrogation methods employed to elicit the confession and trial safeguards) impact confessions’ influence on jurors’ decisions.
Optimising hadronic collider simulations using amplitude neural networks
Creators: name: Moodie, Ryan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Precision phenomenological studies of high-multiplicity scattering processes at collider experiments present a substantial theoretical challenge and are vitally important ingredients in experimental measurements. Machine learning technology has the potential to dramatically optimise simulations for complicated final states. We investigate the use of neural networks to approximate matrix elements, studying the case of loop-induced diphoton production through gluon fusion. We train neural network models on one-loop amplitudes from the NJet C++ library and interface them with the Sherpa Monte Carlo event generator to provide the matrix element within a realistic hadronic collider simulation. Computing some standard observables with the models and comparing to conventional techniques, we find excellent agreement in the distributions and a reduced total simulation time by a factor of thirty.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, Proceedings of the 20th International Workshop on Advanced Computing and Analysis Techniques in Physics Research (ACAT 2021)
On the superposition principle in interference experiments
Creators: name: Sinha, Aninda
name: Vijay, Aravind H.
name: Sinha, Urbasi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The superposition principle is usually incorrectly applied in interference experiments. This has recently been investigated through numerics based on Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) methods as well as the Feynman path integral formalism. In the current work, we have derived an analytic formula for the Sorkin parameter which can be used to determine the deviation from the application of the principle. We have found excellent agreement between the analytic distribution and those that have been earlier estimated by numerical integration as well as resource intensive FDTD simulations. The analytic handle would be useful for comparing theory with future experiments. It is applicable both to physics based on classical wave equations as well as the non-relativistic Schrodinger equation.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, To appear in Scientific Reports (Nature)
A systematic review on gender differences in the structure of psychopathy
Creators: name: Spormann, Sandy
name: Mokros, Andreas
name: Schneider, Sabrina
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Psychiatry and Psychology
subject: Law and Psychology
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: psychopathy

description: The aim of this study is to systematically review the literature on extant research on the factorial structure and gender invariance of several well-established instruments for assessing psychopathy, as well as sex differences in manifestations (latent means) of psychopathy.
Impact of metastable defect structures on carrier recombination in solar cells
Creators: name: Kavanagh, Seán R.
name: Scanlon, David O.
name: Walsh, Aron
name: Freysoldt, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The efficiency of a solar cell is often limited by electron-hole recombination mediated by defect states within the band gap of the photovoltaic (PV) semiconductor. The Shockley-Read-Hall (SRH) model considers a static trap that can successively capture electrons and holes. In reality however, true trap levels vary with both the defect charge state and local structure. Here we consider the role of metastable structural configurations in capturing electrons and holes, taking the tellurium interstitial in CdTe as an illustrative example. Consideration of the defect dynamics, and symmetry-breaking, changes the qualitative behaviour and activates new pathways for carrier capture. Our results reveal the potential importance of metastable defect structures in non-radiative recombination, in particular for semiconductors with anharmonic/ionic-covalent bonding, multinary compositions, low crystal symmetries or highly-mobile defects.
description: Submitted to Faraday Discussions, to be presented at the RSC Faraday Discussion on 'Emerging inorganic materials in thin-film photovoltaics' in Bath, UK, July 2022: https://www.rsc.org/events/detail/46796/emerging-inorganic-materials-in-thin-film-photovoltaics-faraday-discussion
Kirchliche Präsenz in Hörfunk und Fernsehen
Creators: name: Forster, Karl
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 7 Nr. 4 (1978): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 7, Heft 4
Planned Analysis
Creators: name: Herrmann, Wiebke
name: Kretzschmar, Andre
name: Beckmann, Jens
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Psychiatry and Psychology
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: In this planned analysis, we aim to investigate whether individual differences in complex problem solving (CPS) are associated with performance in a learning ability test. For this, we analyse MicroDYN (Greiff et al., 2012) performance as a measure of CPS ability in N ~ 300 participants in an already collected dataset. We use the performance in the “Adaptive Figurenfolgenlerntest” (ADAFI, Beckmann & Guthke, 1999) as an operationalization for learning ability. At the time of this registration, the data we intend to utilise has not been cleaned or analysed with regard to the present research question. More detail can be found in the registration.
Phase diagram of the Quantum Electrodynamics of 2D and 3D Dirac semimetals
Creators: name: Gonzalez, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Quantum Electrodynamics of 2D and 3D Dirac semimetals by means of a self-consistent resolution of the Schwinger-Dyson equations, aiming to obtain the respective phase diagrams in terms of the relative strength of the Coulomb interaction and the number N of Dirac fermions. In this framework, 2D Dirac semimetals have just a strong-coupling instability characterized by exciton condensation (and dynamical generation of mass) that we find at a critical coupling well above previous theoretical estimates, thus explaining the absence of that instability in free-standing graphene samples. On the other hand, we show that 3D Dirac semimetals have a richer phase diagram, with a strong-coupling instability leading to dynamical mass generation up to N = 4 and a line of critical points for larger values of N characterized by the vanishing of the electron quasiparticle weight in the low-energy limit. Such a critical behavior signals the transition to a strongly correlated liquid, characterized by noninteger scaling dimensions that imply the absence of a pole in the electron propagator and are the signature of non-Fermi liquid behavior with no stable electron quasiparticles.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures, extended physical discussion
Additional file 1: of Transposon libraries identify novel Mycobacterium bovis BCG genes involved in the dynamic interactions required for BCG to persist during in vivo passage in cattle
Creators: name: Mendum, Tom
name: Chandran, Aneesh
name: Williams, Kerstin
name: H. Vordermeier
name: Villarreal-Ramos, Bernardo
name: H. Wu
name: Albel Singh
name: Smith, Alex
name: Butler, Rachel
name: Aravind Prasad
name: Bharti, Neeraj
name: Ruma Banerjee
name: Kasibhatla, Sunitha
name: Apoorva Bhatt
name: Stewart, Graham
name: Johnjoe McFadden
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: Supplementary Tables and Figures. Genomic differences between the strains, accumulation plots from which library sizes were estimated, primer sequences and lipid analysis. (DOCX 1109 kb)
Increasing sustainability in pork production by using high inclusion levels of co-products DDGS, wheat middling and canola meal doesn't affect pig growth performance and meat quality but reduce boar taint
Creators: name: Nguyen, Thanh
name: Olumodeji, Shola
name: Chidgey, Kirsty
name: Wester, Timothy
name: Realini Cujo, Carolina
name: Morel, Patrick
Publisher: name: AgResearch
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 300303
subject: Animal nutrition

description: Objective
The present study is to examine the effect of high inclusion of co-products in pig diets (referred to as an alternative diet) during the finishing stage on pig growth performance, meat quality and boar taint compounds.
Methods
Growing pigs were fed an alternative diet made with distillers dried grains with solubles (25%), canola meal (20%), and wheat middling (15%) or a control diet based on barley and soybean meal to investigate the impact of co-products on pig performance and meat quality. Sixteen female and sixteen entire male Duroc×(Large White×Landrace) pigs (22.6±2.07 kg, body weight±standard error) were equally allocated to the diets.
Results
Pigs fed the alternative diet had a lower feed intake; however, growth rate and feed conversion efficiency were unaffected by diet. A diet by sex interaction was found for gain:feed whereby males fed the alternative diet had the best feed conversion (p<0.01). Pork from pigs fed the alternative diet had lower a* and Chroma and protein % (p<0.05), while other meat quality characteristics were unaffected. The alternative diet reduced backfat skatole levels (p<0.001).
Conclusion
A diet containing high inclusion levels of co-products can be fed to pigs during the finishing stage without detrimental effects on pig performance or meat quality and with the potential to enhance pork flavour. This finding suggests a solution to increase the sustainable development of pig production.
Direct observation of discommensurate charge density wave modulation in the quasi-1D Weyl semimetal candidate NbTe$_4$
Creators: name: Galvis, J. A.
name: Fang, A.
name: Jimenez-Guerrero, D.
name: Rojas-Castillo, J.
name: Casas, J.
name: Herrera, O.
name: Garcia-Castro, A. C.
name: Bousquet, E.
name: Fisher, I. R.
name: Kapitulnik, A.
name: Giraldo-Gallo, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transition-metal tetrachalcogenides are a model system to explore the conjunction of correlated electronic states such as charge density waves (CDW), with topological phases of matter. Understanding the connection between these phases requires a thorough understanding of the individual states, which for the case of the CDW in this system, is still missing. In this paper we combine phonon-structure calculations and scanning tunneling microscopy measurements of NbTe$_4$ in order to provide a full characterization of the CDW state. We find that, at short range, the superstructure formed by the CDW is fully commensurate with the lattice parameters. Moreover, our data reveals the presence of phase-slip domain-walls separating regions of commensurate-CDW in the nanoscale, indicating that the CDW in this compound is discommensurate at long-range. Our results solve a long-standing discussion about the nature of the CDW in these materials, and provide a strong basis for the study of the interplay between this state and other novel quantum electronic states.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures (5 in main, 3 in appendix)
Tourism and Rural Gentrification in The Red River Gorge, KY
Creators: name: Loeffler, Amelia
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: As a recipient of a SURF grant, I pursued summer research focusing on the impact of tourism on rural gentrification in Eastern Kentucky, with a case study on the Red River Gorge geological area. Through qualitative interviews and analysis of secondary data, I discovered that initiatives to increase tourism in the Red River Gorge led to amenity migration and  that development in the area follows the trend of the “rent gap theory” as outlined by geographers Neil Smith and Eliza Darling.
Deceleration of Alpha Particles in the Solar Wind by Instabilities and the Rotational Force: Implications for Heating, Azimuthal Flow, and the Parker Spiral Magnetic Field
Creators: name: Verscharen, Daniel
name: Chandran, Benjamin D. G.
name: Bourouaine, Sofiane
name: Hollweg, Joseph V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Protons and alpha particles in the fast solar wind are only weakly collisional and exhibit a number of non-equilibrium features, including relative drifts between particle species. Two non-collisional mechanisms have been proposed for limiting differential flow between alpha particles and protons: plasma instabilities and the rotational force. Both mechanisms decelerate the alpha particles. In this paper, we derive an analytic expression for the rate $Q_{\mathrm{flow}}$ at which energy is released by alpha-particle deceleration, accounting for azimuthal flow and conservation of total momentum. We show that instabilities control the deceleration of alpha particles at $r< r_{\mathrm{crit}}$, and the rotational force controls the deceleration of alpha particles at $r> r_{\mathrm{crit}}$, where $r_{\mathrm{crit}} \simeq 2.5 \,\mathrm{AU}$ in the fast solar wind in the ecliptic plane. We find that $Q_{\mathrm{flow}}$ is positive at $r
description: 14 pages, 10 figures, submitted to Astrophys. J
Die italienische Kirche in der Krise des Landes
Creators: name: Sorge, Bartolomeo
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 7 Nr. 4 (1978): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 7, Heft 4
MOESM3 of Prevalence and patterns of skin toning practices among female students in Ghana: a cross-sectional university-based survey
Creators: name: Williams Agyemang-Duah
name: Mensah, Charlotte
name: Reindolf Anokye
name: Esi Dadzie
name: Akwasi Gyimah
name: Arthur-Holmes, Francis
name: Peprah, Prince
name: Frimpong Yawson
name: Baah, Esther
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3: Table S2. Socio-demographic characteristics influencing the practice of skin toning.
Machine Learning for Particle Flow Reconstruction at CMS
Creators: name: Pata, Joosep
name: Duarte, Javier
name: Mokhtar, Farouk
name: Wulff, Eric
name: Yoo, Jieun
name: Vlimant, Jean-Roch
name: Pierini, Maurizio
name: Girone, Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We provide details on the implementation of a machine-learning based particle flow algorithm for CMS. The standard particle flow algorithm reconstructs stable particles based on calorimeter clusters and tracks to provide a global event reconstruction that exploits the combined information of multiple detector subsystems, leading to strong improvements for quantities such as jets and missing transverse energy. We have studied a possible evolution of particle flow towards heterogeneous computing platforms such as GPUs using a graph neural network. The machine-learned PF model reconstructs particle candidates based on the full list of tracks and calorimeter clusters in the event. For validation, we determine the physics performance directly in the CMS software framework when the proposed algorithm is interfaced with the offline reconstruction of jets and missing transverse energy. We also report the computational performance of the algorithm, which scales approximately linearly in runtime and memory usage with the input size.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures. Presented at the ACAT 2021: 20th International Workshop on Advanced Computing and Analysis Techniques in Physics Research, Daejeon, Kr, 29 Nov - 3 Dec 2021
Global solutions of functional fixed point equations via pseudo-spectral methods
Creators: name: Borchardt, Julia
name: Knorr, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply pseudo-spectral methods to construct global solutions of functional renormalisation group equations in field space to high accuracy. For this, we introduce a basis to resolve both finite as well as asymptotic regions of effective potentials. Our approach is benchmarked using the critical behaviour of the scalar $O(1)$ model, providing results for the global fixed point potential as well as leading critical exponents and their respective global eigenfunctions. We provide new results for (1) multi-critical $O(1)$ models in fractional dimensions, (2) the three-dimensional Gross-Neveu model at both small and large $N$, and (3) the scalar-tensor model, also in three dimensions.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures. v2: typos corrected
Additional file 1 of Incorporating equity, diversity and inclusion (EDI) into the education and assessment of professionalism for healthcare professionals and trainees: a scoping review
Creators: name: Shah, Darsh
name: Behravan, Nima
name: Al-Jabouri, Nujud
name: Sibbald, Matthew
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Tau Neutrinos in the Next Decade: from GeV to EeV
Creators: name: Abraham, Roshan Mammen
name: Alvarez-Muñiz, Jaime
name: Argüelles, Carlos A.
name: Ariga, Akitaka
name: Ariga, Tomoko
name: Aurisano, Adam
name: Autiero, Dario
name: Bishai, Mary
name: Bostan, Nilay
name: Bustamante, Mauricio
name: Cummings, Austin
name: Decoene, Valentin
name: de Gouvêa, André
name: De Lellis, Giovanni
name: De Roeck, Albert
name: Denton, Peter B.
name: Di Crescenzo, Antonia
name: Diwan, Milind V.
name: Farzan, Yasaman
name: Fedynitch, Anatoli
name: Feng, Jonathan L.
name: Fields, Laura J.
name: Garcia, Alfonso
name: Garzelli, Maria Vittoria
name: Gehrlein, Julia
name: Glaser, Christian
name: Grzelak, Katarzyna
name: Hallmann, Steffen
name: Hewes, V
name: Indumathi, D.
name: Ismail, Ahmed
name: Jana, Sudip
name: Jeong, Yu Seon
name: Kelly, Kevin J.
name: Klein, Spencer R.
name: Kling, Felix
name: Kosc, Thomas
name: Kose, Umut
name: Koskinen, D. Jason
name: Krizmanic, John
name: Lazar, Jeff
name: Li, Yichen
name: Martinez-Soler, Ivan
name: Mocioiu, Irina
name: Nam, Jiwoo
name: Niess, Valentin
name: Otte, Nepomuk
name: Patel, Sameer
name: Petti, Roberto
name: Prechelt, Remy L.
name: Prohira, Steven
name: Rajaoalisoa, Miriama
name: Reno, Mary Hall
name: Safa, Ibrahim
name: Sarasty-Segura, Carlos
name: Senthil, R. Thiru
name: Stachurska, Juliana
name: Tomalak, Oleksandr
name: Trojanowski, Sebastian
name: Wendell, Roger Alexandre
name: Williams, Dawn
name: Wissel, Stephanie
name: Yaeggy, Barbara
name: Zas, Enrique
name: Zhelnin, Pavel
name: Zhu, Jing-yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tau neutrinos are the least studied particle in the Standard Model. This whitepaper discusses the current and expected upcoming status of tau neutrino physics with attention to the broad experimental and theoretical landscape spanning long-baseline, beam-dump, collider, and astrophysical experiments. This whitepaper was prepared as a part of the NuTau2021 Workshop.
description: 155 pages, 63 figures, 10 tables, 69 endorsers, comments welcome, Contribution to Snowmass 2021. v2: published version
Sludge disintegration and phosphorus migration in anaerobic fermentation of waste activated sludge by the addition of EDTA-2Na
Creators: name: Lv, Jinghua
name: Liu, Bingru
name: Gong, Li
name: Chen, Xingyue
name: Tian, Linlin
name: Li, Yunbei
name: Jiang, Jishao
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: The effects of the addition of EDTA-2Na on sludge disintegration and phosphorus (P) migration during anaerobic fermentation (AF) of waste activated sludge (WAS) are investigated. The efficiency of sludge disintegration was positively correlated with the dose of EDTA-2Na from 0.5–2.0 g/g SS, and an enormous quantity of P was liberated into the aqueous phase, accompanied by sludge disintegration. The proper dose of EDTA-2Na for P release from WAS was 1.5 g/g SS, with an orthophosphate concentration of 394.72 mg/L. P release was more consistent with the pseudo second-order kinetic model. The migration of P species during AF with EDTA-2Na addition was also studied. Orthophosphate was the main species in both of the liquid phase and the loosely bound extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), but organic P (OP) was much more abundant in tightly bound EPS. Inorganic P (IP) was the dominant P speciation in the solid and was mainly distributed in the fraction of non-apatite IP, which accounted for more than 62.8% of IP in the presence of EDTA-2Na. In addition, both IP and OP in the solid contributed to the accumulation of P and the former was outperformed. Furthermore, the increased total dissolved P mainly came from cells. However, the fermented sludge tended to be smaller and to have low compressibility, which is detrimental to its further treatment.
Modelling lactation curves for dairy sheep in a New Zealand flock
Creators: name: Marshall, Ana Carolina
name: Lopez-Villalobos, Nicolas
name: Loveday, Simon
name: Ellis, Ashling
name: McNabb, Warren
Publisher: name: AgResearch
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 30
subject: Agricultural, veterinary and food sciences

description: Lactation curves were modelled for dairy sheep in a New Zealand flock, providing information on the lactation yields of milk, fat, protein, and lactose, corrected for 130 days of milking. From 169 ewes, a total of 622 test-day records were obtained during the milk production season of 2021–2022 (from October to January). The flock produced an average of 86.1 kg of milk, 5.1 kg of fat, 4.5 kg of protein, and 4.1 kg of lactose, and moderate to large coefficients of variation were observed (27–31%) for these traits. The lactation persistency of milk, fat, protein, and lactose yields ranged from 52.3 to 72.7%. Analyses of variance for total yield and persistency were performed with an animal model that included the fixed effects of age (parity number), litter size, coat colour, and milking frequency (days in twice-a-day milking) and random residuals. Age and milking frequency were the only factors that significantly affected the yields of milk, fat, protein, and lactose. Age significantly affected the lactation persistency of milk and lactose yields, whereas litter size affected the persistency of protein, and milking frequency affected the persistency of fat. This study on this single flock provides valuable experience for a larger-scale animal breeding programme in New Zealand.
Additional file 3: of Prioritizing the sexual andÂ reproductive health and rights of adolescent girls and young women within HIV treatment and care services in emergency settings: a girl-centered agenda
Creators: name: Uchechi Roxo
name: M. Mobula
name: Damilola Walker
name: Ficht, Allison
name: Yeiser, Sarah
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Translation of the abstract of this article into Portuguese. (PDF 97 kb)
Reading Rainbow: Examining Self-Censorship Practices of Middle & High School Libraries Toward LGBTQIA+ YA Literature in Wake & Gaston County, NC
Creators: name: Horowitz, Elias
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: A presentation summarizing an investigation of the LGBTQIA+ representative literature present in Wake and Gaston County middle and high school libraries and a survey of the impact of book challenges on these schools' librarians and their work. Research funded by the UNC SURF program through the OUR.
Additional file 1: of Identify differential gene expressions in fatty infiltration process in rotator cuff
Creators: name: Pengfei Hu
name: Lifeng Jiang
name: Lidong Wu
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Marine Biology

description: Table S1. 1089 DEGs in each of the different stages of rotator cuff tear. (DOCX 148 kb)
Nutrient recovery of the hydrothermal carbonization aqueous product from dairy manure using membrane distillation
Creators: name: Silva, Nicholas A.
name: Hiibel, Sage R.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Phosphorus is a crucial resource for the agricultural industry, but its limited supply requires recovery from waste materials before it is lost and leads to eutrophication. Dairy manure is rich with phosphorus, and the growth and consolidation within the dairy industry has led to dairy manure management becoming a significant concern. Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) and membrane distillation (MD) were investigated as an alternative to treat dairy manure and recover nutrients, specifically phosphorus and nitrogen. HTC is a thermal treatment process that converts organic matter into a hydrochar analogous to a low-grade coal, and MD is a thermally-driven separation process that can utilize low-grade waste heat from HTC, thus the two processes are synergetic. A byproduct of the HTC process is the aqueous product (HAP) that contains the water-soluble nutrients and organic components of dairy manure. In this work, the efficacy of MD to concentrate the nutrients in the presence of dissolved organic carbon was assessed. Samples included synthetic nutrient-rich streams as well as HAP produced at HTC temperatures ranging from 200 °C to 260 °C. In each case, the nutrients were successfully concentrated in the feed loop with rejections >99%. Dissolved carbon was found to foul the MD membrane at levels proportional to its hydrophobicity, with little fouling observed for glucose and substantial fouling observed for HAP solutions created at higher temperatures.
Kitaev magnetism in honeycomb RuCl3 with intermediate spin-orbit coupling
Creators: name: Kim, Heung-Sik
name: Shankar, V. Vijay
name: Catuneanu, Andrei
name: Kee, Hae-Young
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Intensive studies of the interplay between spin-orbit coupling (SOC) and electronic correlations in transition metal compounds have recently been undertaken. In particular, $j_{\rm eff}$ = 1/2 bands on a honeycomb lattice provide a pathway to realize Kitaev's exactly solvable spin model. However, since current wisdom requires strong atomic SOC to make $j_{\rm eff}=1/2$ bands, studies have been limited to iridium oxides. Contrary to this expectation, we demonstrate how Kitaev interactions arise in 4$d$-orbital honeycomb $α$-RuCl$_3$, despite having significantly weaker SOC than the iridium oxides, via assistance from electron correlations. A strong coupling spin model for these correlation-assisted $j_{\rm eff}$ = 1/2 bands is derived, in which large antiferromagnetic Kitaev interactions emerge along with ferromagnetic Heisenberg interactions. Our analyses suggest that the ground state is a zigzag-ordered phase lying close to the antiferromagnetic Kitaev spin liquid. Experimental implications for angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy, neutron scattering, and optical conductivities are discussed.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, Accepted in Phys. Rev. B Rapid communications
Additional file 2: of How ready are communities to implement actions to improve diets of adolescent girls and women in urban Ghana?
Creators: name: Pradeilles, Rebecca
name: Marr, Colette
name: Laar, Amos
name: Holdsworth, Michelle
name: Zotor, Francis
name: Akua Tandoh
name: Senam Klomegah
name: Coleman, Nathaniel
name: Bash, Kristin
name: Green, Mark
name: Griffiths, Paula
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology

description: CRM Codebook for analysis. (DOCX 23 kb)
Tau Decays and $α_s$
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhiqing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution of the determination of the strong coupling constant $α_s$ from the leptonic branching ratios, the lifetime, and the invariant mass distributions of the hadronic final state of the $τ$ lepton over the last two decades is briefly reviewed. The improvements in the latest ALEPH update are described in some detail. Currently this is one of the most precise $α_s$ determinations. Together with the other determination at the $Z$ boson mass pole, they constitutes the most accurate test of the asymptotic freedom in QCD.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, proceedings for TAU 2014, published version
Gestão de projetos e cocriação audiovisual em biblioteca universitária
Creators: name: Santos, Francisco Edvander Pires
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Gestão de projetos
Cocriação
Audiovisual
Makerspace
Biblioteca universitária
Academic library
Cocreation
Management project

description: Apresentação para o canal do SINDIB-RJ no YouTube.
Criticality of mostly informative samples: A Bayesian model selection approach
Creators: name: Haimovici, Ariel
name: Marsili, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a Bayesian model selection approach to high dimensional data in the deep under sampling regime. The data is based on a representation of the possible discrete states $s$, as defined by the observer, and it consists of $M$ observations of the state. This approach shows that, for a given sample size $M$, not all states observed in the sample can be distinguished. Rather, only a partition of the sampled states $s$ can be resolved. Such partition defines an {\em emergent} classification $q_s$ of the states that becomes finer and finer as the sample size increases, through a process of {\em symmetry breaking} between states. This allows us to distinguish between the $resolution$ of a given representation of the observer defined states $s$, which is given by the entropy of $s$, and its $relevance$ which is defined by the entropy of the partition $q_s$. Relevance has a non-monotonic dependence on resolution, for a given sample size. In addition, we characterise most relevant samples and we show that they exhibit power law frequency distributions, generally taken as signatures of "criticality". This suggests that "criticality" reflects the relevance of a given representation of the states of a complex system, and does not necessarily require a specific mechanism of self-organisation to a critical point.
description: 31 pages, 7 figures
Moringa oleifera seed oil extracted by pressurized n-propane and its effect against Staphylococcus aureus biofilms
Creators: name: de Oliveira, Alessandra Marjorie
name: dos Anjos Szczerepa, Márcia Maria
name: Tognim, Maria Cristina Bronharo
name: de Abreu Filho, Benício Alves
name: Cardozo-Filho, Lúcio
name: Gomes, Raquel Guttierres
name: Bergamasco, Rosângela
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Staphylococcus aureus is often associated worldwide with foodborne illnesses, and the elimination of biofilms formed by this bacterium from industrial surfaces is very challenging. To date, there have been few attempts to investigate plant oils obtained by recent green technologies, applied against biofilms on usual surfaces of the food industry and bacteria isolated from such environment. Therefore, this study evaluated the activity of Moringa oleifera seed oil (MOSO), extracted with pressurized n-propane, against standard and environmental S. aureus biofilms. Additionally, a genotypic and phenotypic study of the environmental S. aureus was proposed. It was found that this bacterium was a MSSA (methicillin-sensitive S. aureus), a carrier of icaA and icaD genes that has strong adhesion (OD550=1.86 ± 0.19) during biofilm formation. The use of pressurized n-propane as a solvent was efficient in obtaining MOSO, achieving a yield of 60.9%. Gas chromatography analyses revealed the presence of a rich source of fatty acids in MOSO, mainly oleic acid (62.47%), behenic acid (10.5%) and palmitic acid (7.32%). On polystyrene surface, MOSO at 0.5% and 1% showed inhibitory and bactericidal activity, respectively, against S. aureus biofilms. MOSO at 1% allowed a maximum reduction of 2.38 log UFC/cm² of S. aureus biofilms formed on PVC (polyvinyl chloride) surface. Scanning electron microscopy showed disturbances on the surface of S. aureus after exposure to MOSO. These unprecedented findings suggest that MOSO extracted with pressurized n-propane is potentially capable of inhibiting biofilms of different S. aureus strains, thus, contributing to microbiological safety during food processing.
Statistical Overview of the North Carolina Death Penalty
Creators: name: OBrien, Kaylee
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Used in twenty-seven states, the death penalty is stated to be the punishment reserved for the "worst of the worst” crimes. What if death sentencing in North Carolina is not narrowly singling out those who commit the “worst of the worst” crime, but instead, the death penalty is imposed with bias, targeting individuals who specifically kill whites, females, or both? Of the 30,655 homicides in North Carolina since 1977, 419 offenders have been sentenced to die. 
My research aims to determine if there is a racial or gender disparity between the offenders and the victims related to death penalty sentencing...is the race or gender of the victim a determining factor when combined with the race and gender of the offender? Condemning an individual to death stands as one of the utmost punitive measures. It is therefore imperative to guarantee that the systems we use to do so are free from any bias. That is my goal here. The results indicate that we are failing this important test.
A Vessel of Change: The Kennedy-Mboya East African Student Airlifts, 1959-1961
Creators: name: Mueller, Calvin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: In 1959 with help from the African American Students Foundation (AASF), Kenyan politician Tom Mboya sought to provide transport to Kenyan students who had secured scholarships to American universities. At the height of the Civil Rights Movement, the 1960 US Presidential Election, and the seemingly imminent Kenyan independence, the airlift found itself right at the middle of it all. Names like MLK, JFK, Jackie Robinson, Tom Mboya, Harry Belafonte, Sidney Poitier, Thurgood Marshall, and Wangari Maathai were all involved. But what did each actor have to gain from the airlift? How did Cold War politics affect the airlift and evolve as it continued? How did perspectives on education, especially within the context of decolonization, change?
Spontaneous formation of kagome network and Dirac half-semimetal on a triangular lattice
Creators: name: Akagi, Yutaka
name: Motome, Yukitoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In spin-charge coupled systems, geometrical frustration of underlying lattice structures can give rise to nontrivial magnetic orders and electronic states. Here we explore such a possibility in the Kondo lattice model with classical localized spins on a triangular lattice by using a variational calculation and simulated annealing. We find that the system exhibits a four-sublattice collinear ferrimagnetic phase at 5/8 filling for a large Hund's-rule coupling. In this state, the system spontaneously differentiates into the up-spin kagome network and the isolated down-spin sites, which we call the kagome network formation. In the kagome network state, the system becomes Dirac half-semimetallic: The electronic structure shows a massless Dirac node at the Fermi level, and the Dirac electrons are almost fully spin polarized due to the large Hund's-rule coupling. We also study the effect of off-site Coulomb repulsion in the kagome network phase where the system is effectively regarded as a 1/3-filling spinless fermion system on the kagome lattice. We find that, at the level of the mean-field approximation, a $\sqrt{3} \times \sqrt{3}$-type charge order occurs in the kagome network state, implying the possibility of fractional charge excitations in this triangular lattice system. Moreover, we demonstrate that the kagome network formation with fully-polarized Dirac electrons are controllable by an external magnetic field.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Quasi-Newton particle Metropolis-Hastings
Creators: name: Dahlin, Johan
name: Lindsten, Fredrik
name: Schön, Thomas B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Computational Finance (q-fin.CP)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Particle Metropolis-Hastings enables Bayesian parameter inference in general nonlinear state space models (SSMs). However, in many implementations a random walk proposal is used and this can result in poor mixing if not tuned correctly using tedious pilot runs. Therefore, we consider a new proposal inspired by quasi-Newton algorithms that may achieve similar (or better) mixing with less tuning. An advantage compared to other Hessian based proposals, is that it only requires estimates of the gradient of the log-posterior. A possible application is parameter inference in the challenging class of SSMs with intractable likelihoods. We exemplify this application and the benefits of the new proposal by modelling log-returns of future contracts on coffee by a stochastic volatility model with $α$-stable observations.
description: 23 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for the 17th IFAC Symposium on System Identification (SYSID), Beijing, China, October 2015
EDITH CSA Deliverable 3.2: first draft of the VHT roadmap
Creators: name: EDITH Consortium
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Virtual Human Twin, Digital Twin, Healthcare, in silico medicine, wearables, HPC, simulation platform, roadmap

description: The VHT Roadmap is due – in its final version – by the end of the EDITH Coordination and Support Action (i.e., September 2024). The present document is the first draft of the Roadmap, This preliminary version of the Roadmap was planned in EDITH’s Grant Agreement as an initial contribution to the internal decision-making process of the European Commission. It has the declared purpose of allowing the Commission to start specifying already at an early stage by what steps the goal of pursuing the development of a VHT-based healthcare will be likely to trigger an effective engagement of Europe’s researchers, clinicians, industries, and regulators. This interim version is therefore meant to highlight what is currently the envisioned structure of what will be in a year time the final roadmap and its main contents, leaving open the possibility that these contents can still be subject to both substantial and formal changes, in response to suggestions coming from both the European Commission and from different sectors of the broadening community of practice that the EDITH CSA is addressing. In consideration of these double-edge purposes, this preliminary draft aims to capture the main concepts and the overall approach of the VHT Roadmap, while also identifying relevant challenges (from the perspective of research, infrastructure, and other specific aspects) that need to be addressed in the remaining year of the EDITH CSA (and beyond) and which will require further analysis, with the support of the whole VHT Community. For the technology, standards, regulatory, and legal aspects, the draft provides an overview of the state of the art and an analysis of VHT-specific needs, without determining as yet any conclusive choice. Given the evolving nature of this document, the submitted text will again be made publicly available for further comments and feedback, in view of possibly including valuable inputs in a next version. For general discussions, we encourage everyone to use the slack channel on the In silico World Community of Practice (ISW_CoP: https://insilico.world/community/join-the-community-of-practice-channels/). Critical remarks are welcome, as well as additional contributions, but also comments highlighting what sections are particularly appreciated will definitely help. if you would like to stay updated on EDITH's progress, you can enter your details via the contact form on the website: https://www.edith-csa.eu/contact/
description: EDITH is a Coordination and Support Action funded by the European Commission under the Digital Europe Programme under grant agreement n. 101083771.