cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Characteristic times of biased random walks on complex networks
Creators: name: Bonaventura, Moreno
name: Nicosia, Vincenzo
name: Latora, Vito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider degree-biased random walkers whose probability to move from a node to one of its neighbors of degree $k$ is proportional to $k^α$, where $α$ is a tuning parameter. We study both numerically and analytically three types of characteristic times, namely: i) the time the walker needs to come back to the starting node, ii) the time it takes to visit a given node for the first time, and iii) the time it takes to visit all the nodes of the network. We consider a large data set of real-world networks and we show that the value of $α$ which minimizes the three characteristic times is different from the value $α_{\rm min}=-1$ analytically found for uncorrelated networks in the mean-field approximation. In addition to this, we found that assortative networks have preferentially a value of $α_{\rm min}$ in the range $[-1,-0.5]$, while disassortative networks have $α_{\rm min}$ in the range $[-0.5, 0]$. We derive an analytical relation between the degree correlation exponent $ν$ and the optimal bias value $α_{\rm min}$, which works well for real-world assortative networks. When only local information is available, degree-biased random walks can guarantee smaller characteristic times than the classical unbiased random walks, by means of an appropriate tuning of the motion bias.
description: 18 pages, 14 figures, 1 table
Perspectives on Prime Lands: Background Papers for Seminar on the Retention of Prime Lands, July 16-17, 1975
Creators: name: USDA Committee On Land Use (Sponsor)
name: USDA Committee On Land Use (Sponsor)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1975
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Community/Rural/Urban Development
Crop Production/Industries
Land Economics/Use
Livestock Production/Industries
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: Excerpts from the Foreword: America's land must produce more food and fiber today than ever before. At the same time, additional space is needed for homes, factories, roads, parks, wildlife and recreation, power plants, and all the other activities that knit together the fabric of modern American life. These competing demands for land are becoming more and more a matter of public concern. The Department of Agriculture is concerned with land use alternatives and priorities, particularly those that involve expenditures of Federal funds. Federal projects that take prime land from production should be initiated only when this action is clearly in the public interest. Long-term implications of various land use options on the production of food and fiber must be understood to assure that the public is aware of the trade-offs involved. The papers presented herein were prepared to provide the Department with background information necessary for consideration of national policy objectives regarding prime production lands. Although these papers express the opinion of the authors, and are sometimes critical of the Department's past assumptions or positions, they are indicative of the advice constantly sought by USDA to keep its programs and policies based on thoughtful input from many sources. We hope that in addition to providing facts and opinions for USDA to consider, the papers will spark debate throughout America on the options available for the use of prime lands.
description: Papers presented: Trends in Land Use and Competition for Land to Produce Food and Fiber (Orville Krause and Dwight Hair); Future Land Requirements to Produce Food for an Expanding World Population (Harold O. Carter, James G. Youde, and Maurice L. Peterson); Future Needs for Land to Produce Timber (John A. Zivnuska and Henry J. Vaux); Demands on Agricultural and Forestry Lands to Service Complementary Uses (Raleigh Barlowe); Definitions and Criteria for Identifying Prime and Unique Lands (Thomas E. Fenton); Definitions and Criteria for Identifying "Prime” Lands that Serve Other than Food and Fiber Production Purposes (Stephen C. Smith and Richard L. Barrows); Classification and Mapping of Prime and Unique Farmlands (William M. Johnson); Political and Economic Forces Behind State and Local Approaches to Retain Prime Lands (N. Eugene Engel); Preserving Agricultural Lands -- The States' Needs and the Federal Response (James Ridenour).
Supplementary Material from A low-rank ensemble Kalman filter for elliptic observations
Creators: name: Le Provost, Mathieu
name: Baptista, Ricardo
name: Marzouk, Youssef
name: Eldredge, Jeff D.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 91504 Fluidisation and Fluid Mechanics
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: We propose a regularization method for ensemble Kalman filtering (EnKF) with elliptic observation operators. Commonly used EnKF regularization methods suppress state correlations at long distances. For observations described by elliptic partial differential equations, such as the pressure Poisson equation (PPE) in incompressible fluid flows, distance localization should be used cautiously, as we cannot disentangle slowly decaying physical interactions from spurious long-range correlations. This is particularly true for the PPE, in which distant vortex elements couple nonlinearly to induce pressure. Instead, these inverse problems have a low effective dimension: low-dimensional projections of the observations strongly inform a low-dimensional subspace of the state space. We derive a low-rank factorization of the Kalman gain based on the spectrum of the Jacobian of the observation operator. The identified eigenvectors generalize the source and target modes of the multipole expansion, independently of the underlying spatial distribution of the problem. Given rapid spectral decay, inference can be performed in the low-dimensional subspace spanned by the dominant eigenvectors. This low-rank EnKF is assessed on dynamical systems with Poisson observation operators, where we seek to estimate the positions and strengths of point singularities over time from potential or pressure observations. We also comment on the broader applicability of this approach to elliptic inverse problems outside the context of filtering.
Scalar perturbations in a Friedmann-like metric with non-null Weyl tensor
Creators: name: Santos, Grasiele B.
name: Bittencourt, Eduardo
name: Salim, José M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a previous work the authors have solved the Einstein equations of General Relativity for a class of metrics with constant spatial curvature, where it was found a non vanishing Weyl tensor in the presence of a primordial magnetic field with an anisotropic pressure component. Here, we perform the perturbative analysis of this model in order to study the gravitational stability under linear scalar perturbations. For this purpose, we take the Quasi-Maxwellian formalism of General Relativity as our framework, which offers a naturally covariant and gauge-invariant approach to deal with perturbations that are directly linked to observational quantities.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure, improved version with a new analysis of the large wavelength limit. The current version matches the published one
Etapas, acciones y responsables del flujo editorial
Creators: name: Sánchez -Tarragó, Nancy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: editores lilacs
flujo editorial

description: Buenas Prácticas en los Procesos Editoriales de Revistas Científicas para LILACS 2020 • Sesión 03 | 20 de mayo de 2020
 • Tema: "Flujo Editorial"
 • Ponente: Profª Drª Nancy Sánchez Tarragó
 • Grabación: https://youtu.be/TMaiTdzArrE

 Más informaciones → https://lilacs.bvsalud.org/es/buenas-practicas-en-los-procesos-editoriales-de-revistas-cientificas-para-lilacs-2020/
description: {"references": ["https://lilacs.bvsalud.org/es/buenas-practicas-en-los-procesos-editoriales-de-revistas-cientificas-para-lilacs-2020/"]}
On the origin of long-range azimuthal correlations in hadronic collisions
Creators: name: Torrieri, Giorgio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the models suggested, to date, as an explanation for the so called "ridge" phenomenon, an elongation in rapidity of 2-particle correlations seen at RHIC and LHC energies. We argue that these models can be divided into two phenomenologically distinct classes: "Hotspot+flow" driven correlations, where initial state correlations created by structures local in configuration space are collimated by transverse flow, and models where the azimuthal correlation is created through local partonic interactions in a high gluon density initial state. We further argue that the key to distinguish these two scenarios is to experimentally examine the role flow plays in the ridge. The measurement of a strong double ridge in $pA$ and $dA$ collisions allows a good opportunity to understand the ridge's origin. In this sense, particle-identified correlations are particularly promising way of testing the assumptions at the base of either of the two models above. The successful fit of the pA ridge by hydrodynamic models \cite{us}, therefore, suggests that the ridge is primarily a "final state effect" generated by radial expansion, although its scaling across system sizes is non-trivial to reconcile with hydrodynamic expectations. We close by discussing experimental observables capable of clarifying the situation.
description: Accepted for publication, Phys.Rev.C
Additional file 1 of Consultation of parents and healthcare professionals in end-of-life decision-making for neonates and infants: a population-level mortality follow-back physician survey
Creators: name: Dombrecht, Laure
name: Cools, Filip
name: Cohen, Joachim
name: Deliens, Luc
name: Goossens, Linde
name: Naulaers, Gunnar
name: Beernaert, Kim
name: Chambaere, Kenneth
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Searching for Non-Standard Model Highly Ionizing Processes and Long-Lived Neutral Particles With the MoEDAL-MAPP Detector
Creators: Salazar Lobos, Alejandro
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

The Monopole & Exotics Detector at the Large Hadron Collider (MoEDAL) is designed to search for highly ionizing particle avatars of physics beyond the Standard Model of particle physics. Phase 1 of the MoEDAL Apparatus for Penetrating Particles (MAPP-1) upgrade is currently being installed to take data at LHC’s Run-3. MAPP-1 is designed to extend the discovery horizon of MoEDAL to include sensitivity to feebly interacting particles such as mini-charged particles, as well as very long-lived charged and neutral particles. Phase 2 of the MAPP detector, MAPP-2, will be installed in LS3 of the LHC for data taking during LHC’s Run-4 which is scheduled to start in 2029. MAPP-2 is designed to greatly extend the sensitivity of the MoEDAL-MAPP detector to long-lived neutral particles. This thesis reports contributions to four main areas in the development of the MAPP-1 and MAPP-2 detector systems. The first contribution is the planning and fabrication of the main scintillator elements of the MAPP-1 detector and the LED calibration system. The second contribution details the testing of the PMT readout for the scintillating elements of MAPP-1. A third contribution presents a refinement to the calculation of ionization energy loss for a neutral particle with an anomalously large EDM. An example of such a particle has been hypothesized to be a fourth-lepton generation Majorana particle through a heavy neutrino, a member of a fourth generation lepton doublet with an anomalously large EDM. A fourth topic of the thesis work is the development of prototype tracking and vertexing software for MAPP-2. Here, it was shown that vertex resolutions around 2.0 cm in all dimensions could be achieved using a scintillator tile technology utilizing X-Y WLS fibre readout with a 1 cm pitch.
Holographic Thermal Helicity
Creators: name: Azeyanagi, Tatsuo
name: Loganayagam, R.
name: Ng, Gim Seng
name: Rodriguez, Maria J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the thermal helicity, defined in arXiv:1211.3850, of a conformal field theory with anomalies in the context of AdS$_{2n+1}$/CFT$_{2n}$. To do so, we consider large charged rotating AdS black holes in the Einstein-Maxwell-Chern-Simons theory with a negative cosmological constant using fluid/gravity expansion. We compute the anomaly-induced current and stress tensor of the dual CFT in leading order of the fluid/gravity derivative expansion and show their agreement with the field theoretical replacement rule for the thermal helicity. Such replacement rule is reflected in the bulk by new replacement rules obeyed by the Hall currents around the black hole.
description: 20 pages + 47 pages of appendices ; v2: minor corrections
Quantifying Matrix and Fracturing Water Contributions to the Total Produced Water Based on the Water-flowback Responses
Creators: Liu, Zhanyuan
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

The main goal of this thesis is to evaluate the possibility of quantifying matrix and fracturing water contributions to the total produced water based on the water-flowback responses without analyzing water chemical data. We analyze flowback production data of 380 multi-fractured horizontal oil wells completed in the Montney Formation and 90 oil and gas wells completed in the Duvernay and Horn River formations. We hypothesize that: 1) the slope of water-flowback harmonic decline (HD) profiles (mHD) is proportional to the slope of rate-normalized pressure (RNP) plots (mRNP), and 2) both mRNP and mHD are inversely proportional to the amount of water influx from matrix into fractures. To verify our hypothesis, we 1) modify the previous HD and single-phase flowing material balance models by considering the water influx from matrix into fractures, 2) classify the studied wells based on observed trends, 3) construct RNP diagnostic plots of the studied wells, 4) investigate the relationship between mHD and mRNP, 5) analyze log data and estimate average initial water saturation (Swi) for the studied wells, and 6) investigate the relationship between of mHD and Swi. The results show that mHD for all the studied wells ranges from 0.00001 to 0.036 1/m^3 with a mean value of 0.0056 1/m^3. Wells with higher mHD have relatively higher mRNP values. In contrast, wells with very low mHD show no significant decline in water rate through the entire flowback process and relatively low or inconsistent mRNP values on the corresponding plots of RNP versus material balance time (MBT). We also observe a negative correlation between mHD and Swi obtained by analysis of wireline log data. This correlation and the positive correlation between mHD and mRNP indicate that as Swi increases, water influx from matrix to fracture increases, and thus, both mHD and mRNP decrease. Based on our modified models and the observed correlations, we develop a method to approximately differentiate between matrix and fracturing water. The applications of our heuristic method on field data shows 1) fracturing water production dominates the total water recovery for wells with higher mRNP, and 2) matrix water production dominates the total water recovery for wells with lower mRNP.
Exact Partition Functions on RP2 and Orientifolds
Creators: name: Kim, Heeyeon
name: Lee, Sungjay
name: Yi, Piljin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider gauged linear sigma models (GLSM) on $\mathbb{RP}^2$, obtained from a parity projection of $S^2$. The theories admit squashing deformation, much like GLSM on $S^2$, which allows us to interpret the partition function as the overlap amplitude between the vacuum state and crosscap states. From these, we extract the central charge of Orientifold planes, and observe that the Gamma class makes a prominent appearance as in the recent D-brane counterpart. We also repeat the computation for the mirror Landau-Ginzburg theory, which naturally brings out the $θ$-dependence as a relative sign between two holonomy sectors on $\mathbb{RP}^2$. We also show how our results are consistent with known topological properties of D-brane and Orientifold plane world-volumes, and discuss what part of the wrapped D-brane/Orientifold central charge should be attributed to the quantum volumes.
description: 55 pages, 1 figure, published version: discussions on role of theta angle and on r-charge dependent normalization calrified; typos corrected; one reference added
Spin relaxation via exchange with donor impurity-bound electrons
Creators: name: Qing, Lan
name: Li, Jing
name: Appelbaum, Ian
name: Dery, Hanan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At low temperatures, electrons in semiconductors are bound to shallow donor impurity ions, neutralizing their charge in equilibrium. Inelastic scattering of other externally-injected conduction electrons accelerated by electric fields can excite transitions within the manifold of these localized states. Promotion of the bound electron into highly spin-orbit-mixed excited states drives a strong spin relaxation of the conduction electrons via exchange interactions, reminiscent of the Bir-Aronov-Pikus process where exchange occurs with valence band hole states. Through low-temperature experiments with silicon spin transport devices and complementary theory, we reveal the consequences of this previously unknown spin depolarization mechanism both below and above the impact ionization threshold.
Scalar $ϕ^4$ field theory for active-particle phase separation
Creators: name: Wittkowski, Raphael
name: Tiribocchi, Adriano
name: Stenhammar, Joakim
name: Allen, Rosalind J.
name: Marenduzzo, Davide
name: Cates, Michael E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent theories predict phase separation among orientationally disordered active particles whose propulsion speed decreases rapidly enough with density. Coarse-grained models of this process show time-reversal symmetry (detailed balance) to be restored for uniform states, but broken by gradient terms; hence detailed-balance violation is strongly coupled to interfacial phenomena. To explore the subtle generic physics resulting from such coupling we here introduce `Active Model B'. This is a scalar $ϕ^4$ field theory (or phase-field model) that minimally violates detailed balance via a leading-order square-gradient term. We find that this additional term has modest effects on coarsening dynamics, but alters the static phase diagram by creating a jump in (thermodynamic) pressure across flat interfaces. Both results are surprising, since interfacial phenomena are always strongly implicated in coarsening dynamics but are, in detailed-balance systems, irrelevant for phase equilibria.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
Additional file 2 of Global-scale modeling of early factors and country-specific trajectories of COVID-19 incidence: a cross-sectional study of the first 6 months of the pandemic
Creators: name: Ghosh, Sujoy
name: Roy, Saikat Sinha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Table of Hamming distances to estimate the effect of different thresholds on country status around lockdown periods.
Additional file 1 of Women’s experiences of social support during pregnancy: a qualitative systematic review
Creators: name: Al-Mutawtah, Mona
name: Campbell, Emma
name: Kubis, Hans-Peter
name: Erjavec, Mihela
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Enhancing the transparency in reporting the synthesis of qualitative research: the ENTREQ statement.
Search for $^6_Λ$H hypernucleus by the $^6$Li$(π^-,K^+)$ reaction at $p_{π^-}$ = 1.2 GeV/$c$
Creators: name: Sugimura, H.
name: Agnello, M.
name: Ahn, J. K.
name: Ajimura, S.
name: Akazawa, Y.
name: Amano, N.
name: Aoki, K.
name: Bhang, H. C.
name: Chiga, N.
name: Endo, M.
name: Evtoukhovitch, P.
name: Feliciello, A.
name: Fujioka, H.
name: Fukuda, T.
name: Hasegawa, S.
name: Hayakawa, S.
name: Honda, R.
name: Hosomi, K.
name: Hwang, S. H.
name: Ichikawa, Y.
name: Igarashi, Y.
name: Imai, K.
name: Ishibashi, N.
name: Iwasaki, R.
name: Joo, C. W.
name: Kiuchi, R.
name: Lee, J. K.
name: Lee, J. Y.
name: Matsuda, K.
name: Matsumoto, Y.
name: Matsuoka, K.
name: Miwa, K.
name: Mizoi, Y.
name: Moritsu, M.
name: Nagae, T.
name: Nagamiya, S.
name: Nakagawa, M.
name: Naruki, M.
name: Noumi, H.
name: Ota, R.
name: Roy, B. J.
name: Saha, P. K.
name: Sakaguchi, A.
name: Sako, H.
name: Samanta, C.
name: Samoilov, V.
name: Sasaki, Y.
name: Sato, S.
name: Sekimoto, M.
name: Shimizu, Y.
name: Shiozaki, T.
name: Shirotori, K.
name: Soyama, T.
name: Takahashi, T.
name: Takahashi, T. N.
name: Tamura, H.
name: Tanabe, K.
name: Tanaka, T.
name: Tanida, K.
name: Tokiyasu, A. O.
name: Tsamalaidze, Z.
name: Ukai, M.
name: Yamamoto, T. O.
name: Yamamoto, Y.
name: Yang, S. B.
name: Yoshida, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have carried out an experiment to search for a neutron-rich hypernucleus, $^6_Λ$H, by the $^6$Li($π^-,K^+$) reaction at $p_{π^-}$ =1.2 GeV/$c$. The obtained missing mass spectrum with an estimated energy resolution of 3.2 MeV (FWHM) showed no peak structure corresponding to the $^6_Λ$H hypernucleus neither below nor above the $^4_Λ$H$+2n$ particle decay threshold. An upper limit of the production cross section for the bound $^6_Λ$H hypernucleus was estimated to be 1.2 nb/sr at 90% confidence level.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, published version
Additional file 3 of Global-scale modeling of early factors and country-specific trajectories of COVID-19 incidence: a cross-sectional study of the first 6 months of the pandemic
Creators: name: Ghosh, Sujoy
name: Roy, Saikat Sinha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3. Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) scores for different modeling fits of COVID-19 incidence trajectories per country.
Proofs and generalizations of a homomesy conjecture of Propp and Roby
Creators: name: Bloom, Jonathan
name: Pechenik, Oliver
name: Saracino, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05E18

description: Let $G$ be a group acting on a set $X$ of combinatorial objects, with finite orbits, and consider a statistic $ξ: X \to \mathbb{C}$. Propp and Roby defined the triple $(X, G, ξ)$ to be \emph{homomesic} if for any orbits $\mathcal{O}_1, \mathcal{O}_2$, the average value of the statistic $ξ$ is the same, that is \[\frac{1}{{|\mathcal{O}_1|}}\sum_{x \in \mathcal{O}_1} ξ(x) = \frac{1}{|\mathcal{O}_2|}\sum_{y \in \mathcal{O}_2} ξ(y).\] In 2013 Propp and Roby conjectured the following instance of homomesy. Let $\mathrm{SSYT}_k(m \times n)$ denote the set of semistandard Young tableaux of shape $m \times n$ with entries bounded by $k$. Let $S$ be any set of boxes in the $m \times n$ rectangle fixed under $180^\circ$ rotation. For $T \in \mathrm{SSYT}_k(m \times n)$, define $σ_S(T)$ to be the sum of the entries of $T$ in the boxes of $S$. Let $\langle \mathcal{P} \rangle$ be a cyclic group of order $k$ where $\mathcal{P}$ acts on $\mathrm{SSYT}_k(m \times n)$ by promotion. Then $(\mathrm{SSYT}_k(m \times n), \langle \mathcal{P} \rangle, σ_S)$ is homomesic. We prove this conjecture, as well as a generalization to cominuscule posets. We also discuss analogous questions for tableaux with strictly increasing rows and columns under the K-promotion of Thomas and Yong, and prove limited results in that direction.
description: 19 Pages
Additional file 4 of Global-scale modeling of early factors and country-specific trajectories of COVID-19 incidence: a cross-sectional study of the first 6 months of the pandemic
Creators: name: Ghosh, Sujoy
name: Roy, Saikat Sinha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4. Analysis of the time-course of increase in COVID-19 total cases by country, using different growth-curve models.
Competing regimes of motion in 1D mobile impurities
Creators: name: Kantian, Adrian
name: Schollwöck, Ulrich
name: Giamarchi, Thierry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a distinguishable mobile impurity inside a one-dimensional many-body state at zero temperature generally does not behave like a quasiparticle (QP). Instead, both the impurities dynamics as well as the ground state of the bath are fundamentally transformed by a diverging number of zero-energy excitations being generated, leading to what we call infrared-dominated (ID) dynamics. Combining analytics and DMRG numerics we provide a general formula for the power law governing ID dynamics at zero momentum, discuss a threshold beyond which quasiparticle dynamics may occur again, and study the competition between the ID and quasiparticle universality classes at larger impurity momenta.
description: 4+ pages, 3 figures. Title has been changed in response to editorial comments. Abstract has been reworked. Main text has been significantly restructured and figures reworked. 4+ pages Supplementary Materials have been added, including 3 additional figures
Estimating the Preferences of Imperfectly Rational Agents: Behavioral Econometrics
Creators: Chui, Daniel CY
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

Modelling agent preferences has applications in a range of fields including economics and increasingly, artificial intelligence. These preferences are not always known and thus may need to be estimated from observed behavior, in which case a model is required to map agent preferences to behavior.  Traditional models are based on the assumption that agents are perfectly rational: that is, they perfectly optimize and behave in accordance with their own interests. Work in the field of behavioral game theory has shown, however, that human agents often make decisions that are imperfectly rational, and the field has developed models that relax the perfect rationality assumption. In this thesis, we take a first step towards estimating agent preferences using this relaxed assumption. We apply models developed for predicting behavior towards the task of estimating preferences and show that they outperform  both traditional and commonly used benchmark models on data collected from human subjects. In fact, Nash equilibrium and its relaxation, quantal response equilibrium (QRE), can induce an inaccurate estimate of agent preferences when compared against a known ground truth.

A key finding is that modelling non-strategic behavior, conventionally considered as uniform noise,  is important for estimating preferences.  To this end, we introduce quantal-linear4, a rich non-strategic model.  We also propose an augmentation to the QRE model by incorporating a non-strategic component. We call this augmented model QRE+L0  and find an improvement in estimating values over the standard QRE.

  QRE+L0 allows for alternative models of non-strategic behavior in addition to quantal-linear4.
Dual Gate Metal-Insulator Tunneling Transistors
Creators: McDermott, Aidan J.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

This thesis introduces and investigates new class of metal insulator tunneling transistor (MITT) devices. MITT devices with sub 5nm features, having a geometry that represents a realistic implementation, are studied using a simulation model developed for this thesis. The effect of changing the dimensions of the device is studied, and the performance of devices having different geometries is compared. Two different fabrication processes are developed and preliminary results for one of these processes are presented.
On reduction of the wave-packet, decoherence, irreversibility and the second law of thermodynamics
Creators: name: Narnhofer, H.
name: Wreszinski, W. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove a quantum version of the second law of thermodynamics: the (quantum) Boltzmann entropy increases if the initial (zero time) density matrix decoheres, a condition generally satisfied in Nature. It is illustrated by a model of wave-packet reduction, the Coleman-Hepp model, along the framework introduced by Sewell in his approach to the quantum measurement problem. Further models illustrate the monotonic-versus-non-monotonic behavior of the quantum Boltzmann entropy in time. As a last closely related topic, decoherence, which was shown by Narnhofer and Thirring to enforce macroscopic purity in the case of quantum K systems, is analysed within a different class of quantum chaotic systems, viz. the quantum Anosov models as defined by Emch, Narnhofer, Sewell and Thirring. A review of the concept of quantum Boltzmann entropy, as well as of some of the rigorous approaches to the quantum measurement problem within the framework of Schrödinger dynamics, is given, together with an overview of the C* algebra approach, which encompasses the relevant notions and definitions in a comprehensive way.
description: 64 pages, final version to appear in Physics Reports, corrects several typos, as well as reference 32 which was incorrect in the previous version
Additional file 5 of Global-scale modeling of early factors and country-specific trajectories of COVID-19 incidence: a cross-sectional study of the first 6 months of the pandemic
Creators: name: Ghosh, Sujoy
name: Roy, Saikat Sinha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 5. Association of selected demographic, economic and meteorological variables with total COVID-19 cases in May 2020, as determined by univariate linear regression.
User Effects in Beam-Space MIMO
Creators: name: Yousefbeiki, Mohsen
name: Najibi, Halima
name: Perruisseau-Carrier, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The performance and design of the novel single-RF-chain beam-space MIMO antenna concept is evaluated for the first time in the presence of the user. First, the variations of different performance parameters are evaluated when placing a beam-space MIMO antenna in close proximity to the user body in several typical operating scenarios. In addition to the typical degradation of conventional antennas in terms of radiation efficiency and impedance matching, it is observed that the user body corrupts the power balance and the orthogonality of the beam-space MIMO basis. However, capacity analyses show that throughput reduction mainly stems from the absorption in user body tissues rather than from the power imbalance and the correlation of the basis. These results confirm that the beam-space MIMO concept, so far only demonstrated in the absence of external perturbation, still performs very well in typical human body interaction scenarios.
description: 4 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables
Nonagricultural Influence on Farmland in the United States: A Preliminary Study
Creators: name: Clifton, Ivery D.
name: Clifton, Ivery D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1971
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Land Economics/Use

description: Excerpt from the report: The principle aim of this study is to: (1) Quantify the relative area of farmland that is subject to nonagricultural influence, (2) investigate the difference in the rate of change of average values of farmland in SMSA, rural, and forest counties, and (3) assess the general importance of various factors contributing to conversion of farmland to nonfarm use and to the value of farmland.
Loss Cone Dynamics
Creators: name: Merritt, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supermassive black holes can capture or disrupt stars that come sufficiently close. This article reviews the dynamical processes by which stars or stellar remnants are placed onto loss-cone orbits and the implications for feeding rates. The capture rate is well defined for spherical galaxies with nuclear relaxation times that are shorter than the galaxy's age. However, even the dense nucleus of the Milky Way may be less than one relaxation time old, and this is certainly the case for more massive galaxies; the capture rate in such galaxies is an initial-value problem with poorly-known initial conditions and the rate can be much higher, or much lower, than the rate in a collisionally relaxed nucleus. In nonspherical (axisymmetric, triaxial) galaxies, torquing of orbits by the mean field can dominate perturbations due to random encounters, leading to much higher capture rates than in the spherical geometry, particularly in (massive) galaxies with long central relaxation times. Relativistic precession plays a crucial role in mediating the capture of compact remnants from regions very near to the black hole, by destroying the orbital correlations that would otherwise dominate the torques. The complex dynamics of relativistic loss cones are not yet well enough understood for accurate estimates of compact-object (EMRI) capture rates to be made.
description: Invited article for the focus issue on "Astrophysical Black Holes" in Classical and Quantum Gravity, guest editors: D. Merritt and L. Rezzolla
Democracy in Action: Public Engagement in Strathcona County
Creators: Green, Dawn
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

Public engagement is an important part of democratic municipal decision-making, but determining what motivates citizens to participate has not been well researched. This research used a 10-question online survey (N = 36), followed by semistructured individual interviews (N = 7) and focus groups (N = 2), to answer the question, “What role does democracy have in motivating Strathcona County citizens to participate in in-person public engagement sessions?” Findings indicate that egoism was the main reason participants attended public engagement meetings, and some interviewees had not considered that public engagement processes support democracy. Through discussion in public engagement meetings, citizens can work toward the common good through enlightened self-interest. The deliberation that happens in a public engagement process increases understanding of democratic ideals and hones citizens’ skills. Municipalities can increase awareness of the importance of public engagement in democracies by educating the public in simple ways. Suggestions for further research include increased study of all facets of municipal public engagement.
Additional file 7 of Global-scale modeling of early factors and country-specific trajectories of COVID-19 incidence: a cross-sectional study of the first 6 months of the pandemic
Creators: name: Ghosh, Sujoy
name: Roy, Saikat Sinha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 7. Country-specific trajectories of new COVID-19 cases around lockdown periods until June 30, 2020.
Tra diniego e riconoscimento. Analisi semiotica delle modalità di nominazione e definizione dell'evento
Creators: name: Salerno, Daniele
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Media studies
Journalism studies
Communication studies

description: On June 28, 1980, a civilian aircraft flying from Bologna to Palermo operated by Itavia airline crashed into the Tyrrhenian Sea, between the islands of Ponza and Ustica. 81 people died in the accident. After numerous investigations and cover-ups, the most widely accepted hypothesis by judges and investigators is that the aircraft was involved in a collision with military planes from different nations and subsequently crashed due to a missile impact. This event is now referred to as the "Ustica" or "Strage di Ustica" (Ustica massacre). This paper describes the results of an analysis of over 700 articles published in the 1980s in "La Repubblica," "La Stampa," and "Corriere della Sera," examining how the event took on multiple meanings for public opinion. This dynamic is reflected in the various ways the event is described and named in both journalistic and institutional discourse, shedding light on different aspects of this story and its developments.
Self-dual soliton solutions in a Chern-Simons-CP(1) model with a nonstandard kinetic term
Creators: name: Casana, Rodolfo
name: Sourrouille, Lucas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A generalization of the Chern-Simons-CP(1) model is considered by introducing a nonstandard kinetic term. For a particular case, of this nonstandard kinetic term, we show that the model support self-dual Bogomolnyi equations. The BPS energy has a bound proportional to the sum of the magnetic flux and the CP(1) topological charge. The self-dual equations are solved analytically and verified numerically.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, to be published in MPLA
Additional file 1 of Health services supervision in a protracted crisis: a qualitative study into supportive supervision practices in South Sudan
Creators: name: Lutwama, George William
name: Sartison, Lodi Joseph
name: Yugi, James Onyango
name: Nehemiah, Taban Nickson
name: Gwang, Zechreya Micheal
name: Kibos, Barbara Akita
name: Jacobs, Eelco
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Key Informant interview guide. The quide presents the questions and probes that were used to collect data from the key informants.
The return to the hard state of GX 339-4 as seen by Suzaku
Creators: name: Petrucci, P. -O.
name: Cabanac, C.
name: Corbel, S.
name: Koerding, E.
name: Fender, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The microquasar GX 339-4 was observed by Suzaku five times, spaced by a few days, during its transition back to the hard state at the end of its 2010-2011 outburst. The 2-10 keV source flux decreases by a factor ~10 between the beginning and the end of the monitoring. Simultaneous radio and OIR observations highlighted the re-ignition of the radio emission just before the beginning of the campaign, the maximum radio emission being reached between the two first Suzaku pointings, while the IR peaked a few weeks latter. A fluorescent iron line is always significantly detected. Fits with a gaussian or Laor profiles give statistically equivalent results. In the case of a Laor profile, fits of the five data sets simultaneously agree with a disk inclination angle of ~20 degrees. The disk inner radius is <10-30 R_g in the first two observations but almost unconstrained in the last three. A soft X-ray excess is also present in these two first observations. Fits with a multicolor disk component give disk inner radii in agreement with those obtained with the iron line fits. The use of a physically more realistic model, including a blurred reflection component and a comptonization continuum, give some hints of the increase of the disk inner radius but the significances are always weak. Interestingly, the addition of warm absorption significantly improves the fit of OBS1 while it is not needed in the other observations. The radio-jet re-ignition occurring between OBS1 and OBS2, these absorption features may indicate the natural evolution from a disk wind and a jet. The comparison with a long 2008 Suzaku observation of GX 339-4 in a persistent faint hard state where a narrow iron line clearly indicates a disk recession, is discussed.
description: 15 pages, Accepted to A&A
Algorithm 950: Ncpol2sdpa---Sparse Semidefinite Programming Relaxations for Polynomial Optimization Problems of Noncommuting Variables
Creators: name: Wittek, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: G.4

description: A hierarchy of semidefinite programming (SDP) relaxations approximates the global optimum of polynomial optimization problems of noncommuting variables. Generating the relaxation, however, is a computationally demanding task, and only problems of commuting variables have efficient generators. We develop an implementation for problems of noncommuting problems that creates the relaxation to be solved by SDPA -- a high-performance solver that runs in a distributed environment. We further exploit the inherent sparsity of optimization problems in quantum physics to reduce the complexity of the resulting relaxations. Constrained problems with a relaxation of order two may contain up to a hundred variables. The implementation is available in Python. The tool helps solve problems such as finding the ground state energy or testing quantum correlations.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, 2 algorithms, the algorithm is available at http://peterwittek.github.io/ncpol2sdpa/
Effects of human neuraminidase and multivalent glycoconjugates on CD22 organization
Creators: Tran, Hanh-Thuc T
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

The human immune system is a network that is crucial to fight against infections and foreign pathogens. It is divided into innate system, which is the first line of defense, and adaptive immune system, which is more specific. The specificity and long-lasting nature of the adaptive immune system is dependent on the clonal expansion of lymphocytes, T cells and B cells, after exposure to pathogens. However, complications can occur when the adaptive immune system is compromised, leading to conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, asthma, and immunodeficiency. Therefore, tight control of these systems is necessary, and cellular receptors are partly responsible for this control. Moreover, understanding how to manipulate the immune system may allow us to develop new therapeutics, or overcome immune-incompatibility in transplantation. In this thesis we explore the use of glycoconjugates to alter the organization of immune receptors. We were interested in studying B cell receptors which recognize glycans, such as the well-known negative regulator of BCR, CD22. Although the function of CD22 is well known, its organization and mechanism are poorly understood. CD22 binds to 2,6-sialosides and is basally masked by cis-ligands on the same cell surface, making interactions with trans-ligands more difficult and require high-affinity ligands. We tested the ability of multivalent displays of CD22 ligands along with and specific antigens to BCR to co-cluster these receptors. We selected B cells expressing BCR which recognize human blood group antigen structures. We observed that these ligands could co-cluster CD22 and BCR on cells.

We also investigated the role of native enzymes in the organization of CD22 receptors on cultured B cells. We hypothesized that neuraminidase (NEU) enzymes, which cleave terminal sialic acids that may act as cis ligands for CD22, could have a role in regulating receptor organization and dynamics. We used confocal microscopy to visualize and quantitate CD22 clustering on individual cells. We confirmed that NEU enzymes had a role in organizing CD22 receptors on the cell membrane, and both NEU1 and NEU3 were found to influence the size and lateral mobility of CD22 clusters.
Additional file 2 of Health services supervision in a protracted crisis: a qualitative study into supportive supervision practices in South Sudan
Creators: name: Lutwama, George William
name: Sartison, Lodi Joseph
name: Yugi, James Onyango
name: Nehemiah, Taban Nickson
name: Gwang, Zechreya Micheal
name: Kibos, Barbara Akita
name: Jacobs, Eelco
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2. Focus group discussion guide. The focus group discussion guide contains a set of the questions and probes that were used during the focus group discussions with the health workers.