cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Some properties of synchrotron radio and inverse-Compton gamma-ray images of supernova remnants
Creators: name: Petruk, O.
name: Beshley, V.
name: Bocchino, F.
name: Orlando, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The synchrotron radio maps of supernova remnants (SNRs) in uniform interstellar medium and interstellar magnetic field (ISMF) are analyzed, allowing different `sensitivity' of injection efficiency to the shock obliquity. The very-high energy gamma-ray maps due to inverse Compton process are also synthesized. The properties of images in these different wavelength bands are compared, with particular emphasis on the location of the bright limbs in bilateral SNRs. Recent H.E.S.S. observations of SN 1006 show that the radio and IC gamma-ray limbs coincide, and we found that this may happen if: i) injection is isotropic but the variation of the maximum energy of electrons is rather quick to compensate for differences in magnetic field; ii) obliquity dependence of injection (either quasi-parallel or quasi-perpendicular) and the electron maximum energy is strong enough to dominate magnetic field variation. In the latter case, the obliquity dependence of the injection and the maximum energy should not be opposite. We argue that the position of the limbs alone and even their coincidence in radio, X-rays and gamma-rays, as it is discovered by H.E.S.S. in SN 1006, cannot be conclusive about the dependence of the electron injection efficiency, the compression/amplification of ISMF and the electron maximum energy on the obliquity angle.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Cosmic Constraint on Ricci Dark Energy Model
Creators: name: Xu, Lixin
name: Li, Wenbo
name: Lu, Jianbo
name: Chang, Baorong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, a holographic dark energy model, dubbed Ricci dark energy, is confronted with cosmological observational data from type Ia supernovae (SN Ia), baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) and cosmic microwave background (CMB). By using maximum likelihood method, it is found out that Ricci dark energy model is a viable candidate of dark energy model with the best fit parameters: $Ω_{m0}=0.34\pm 0.04$, $α=0.38\pm 0.03$ with $1σ$ error. Here, $α$ is a dimensionless parameter related with Ricci dark energy $ρ_{R}$ and Ricci scalar $R$, i.e., $ρ_{R}\propto αR$.
description: 4 Pages, 1 Figure. match the published version
Improving Classifier Training Efficiency for Automatic Cyberbullying Detection with Feature Density
Creators: name: Eronen, Juuso
name: Ptaszynski, Michal
name: Masui, Fumito
name: Smywiński-Pohl, Aleksander
name: Leliwa, Gniewosz
name: Wroczynski, Michal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the effectiveness of Feature Density (FD) using different linguistically-backed feature preprocessing methods in order to estimate dataset complexity, which in turn is used to comparatively estimate the potential performance of machine learning (ML) classifiers prior to any training. We hypothesise that estimating dataset complexity allows for the reduction of the number of required experiments iterations. This way we can optimize the resource-intensive training of ML models which is becoming a serious issue due to the increases in available dataset sizes and the ever rising popularity of models based on Deep Neural Networks (DNN). The problem of constantly increasing needs for more powerful computational resources is also affecting the environment due to alarmingly-growing amount of CO2 emissions caused by training of large-scale ML models. The research was conducted on multiple datasets, including popular datasets, such as Yelp business review dataset used for training typical sentiment analysis models, as well as more recent datasets trying to tackle the problem of cyberbullying, which, being a serious social problem, is also a much more sophisticated problem form the point of view of linguistic representation. We use cyberbullying datasets collected for multiple languages, namely English, Japanese and Polish. The difference in linguistic complexity of datasets allows us to additionally discuss the efficacy of linguistically-backed word preprocessing.
description: 73 pages, 4 figures, 19 tables, Information Processing and Management, Vol. 58, Issue 5, September 2021, paper ID: 102616
Modellizzazione bioeconomica per la gestione dei piccoli pelagici nel Mar Adriatico
Creators: name: Mulazzani, Luca <1976>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2011
Subjects: AGR/01 Economia ed estimo rurale

description: Stocks’ overexploitation and socio-economic sustainability are two major issues currently at stake in European fisheries. In this view the European Commission is considering the implementation of management plans as a means to move towards a longer-term perspective on fisheries management, to consider regional differences and to increase stakeholder involvement.
Adriatic small pelagic species (anchovies and sardines) are some of the most studied species in the world from a biologic perspective; several economic analysis have also been realised on Italian pelagic fishery; despite that, no complete bioeconomic modelization has been carried out yet considering all biologic, technical and economic issues. Bioeconomic models cannot be considered foolproof tools but are important implements to help decision makers and can supply a fundamental scientific basis for management plans. 
This research gathers all available information (from biologic, technologic and economic perspectives) in order to carry out a bioeconomic model of the Adriatic pelagic fishery. Different approaches are analyzed and some of them developed to highlight potential divergences in results, characteristics and implications. Growth, production and demand functions are estimated.
A formal analysis about interaction and competition between Italian and Croatian fleet is   examined proposing different equilibriums for open access, duopoly and a form of cooperative solution.
Anyway normative judgments are limited because of poor knowledge of population dynamics and data related to the Croatian fleet.
Prototypes, de l'experimentation a l'innovation - UDock
Creators: name: Levieux, Guillaume
name: Boyer, Benjamin
name: Montes, Matthieu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: UDock section of the catalogue from the exhibition: "Prototypes, de l'experimentation a l'innovation" that took place in the musée des arts et métiers from march 2020 to december 2020. Due to Covid19, a virtual tour and additional resources are available at https://www.arts-et-metiers.net/musee/prototypes
Reconstruction of the event vertex in the PandaX-III experiment with convolution neural network
Creators: name: Li, Tao
name: Chen, Yu
name: Wang, Shaobo
name: Han, Ke
name: Lin, Heng
name: Ni, Kaixiang
name: Wang, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The tracks left by charged particles in a gaseous time projection chamber~(TPC) incorporate important information about the interaction process and drift of electrons in gas. The electron diffusion information carried by the tracks is an effective signature to reconstruct $z_0$, the vertex position in drift direction at which the event takes place. In this paper, we propose to reconstruct $z_0$ with convolution neural network~(CNN) in the PandaX-III experiment. A CNN model VGGZ0net is built and validated with Monte Carlo simulation data. It gives $z_0$ with a 11~cm precision for the events above 2~MeV uniformly distributed along a drift distance of 120~cm, and then the electron lifetime can be deduced. The energy resolution of detector is significantly improved after the electron lifetime correction, i.e., from 10.1\% to 4.0\% FWHM at the Q-value of double beta decay of $^{136}$Xe for the scenario with an electron lifetime of 6.5~ms. The CNN model is also successfully applied to the experimental data of the PandaX-III prototype detector for $z_0$ reconstruction.
ГИПЕРПЛАСТИЧЕСКНЕ ПРОЦЕССЫ ЭНДОМЕТРИЯ (ЭТНОЛОГИЯ, ПАТОГЕНЕЗ, ДИАГНОСТИКА)
Creators: name: Саидходжаева, Д.Г.
name: Азизов, Г.А.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Проблемы гиперпластических процессов эндометрия (ГПЭ) обусловлена высоким риском их малигнизации, особенно у женщин в пери- и постменопаузе. Частота озлокачествления гиперпластических процессов эндометрия колеблется в достаточно широких пределах (0,25-50 %) и определяется морфологическими особенностями заболевания, длительностью его рецидивирования, а также возрастом пациенток [3,17].
Cryogenic environment and performance for testing the Planck radiometers
Creators: name: Terenzi, L.
name: Lapolla, M.
name: Laaninen, M.
name: Battaglia, P.
name: Cavaliere, F.
name: De Rosa, A.
name: Hughes, N.
name: Jukkala, P.
name: Kilpiä, V. -H.
name: Morgante, G.
name: Tomasi, M.
name: Varis, J.
name: Bersanelli, M.
name: Butler, R. C.
name: Ferrari, F.
name: Franceschet, C.
name: Leutenegger, P.
name: Mandolesi, N.
name: Mennella, A.
name: Silvestri, R.
name: Stringhetti, L.
name: Tuovinen, J.
name: Valenziano, L.
name: Villa, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper is part of the Prelaunch status LFI papers published on JINST: http://www.iop.org/EJ/journal/-page=extra.proc5/jinst The Planck LFI Radiometer Chain Assemblies (RCAs) have been calibrated in two dedicated cryogenic facilities. In this paper the facilities and the related instrumentation are described. The main satellite thermal interfaces for the single chains have to be reproduced and stability requirements have to be satisfied. Setup design, problems occurred and improving solutions implemented are discussed. Performance of the cryogenic setup are reported.
description: This is an author-created, un-copyedited version of an article accepted for publication in JINST. IOP Publishing Ltd is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it. The definitive publisher authenticated version is available online at 10.1088/1748-0221/4/12/T12015
Relato de viaje. Experiencias siguiendo las huellas de la Pedagogía del Oprimido
Creators: name: Cameran, Erica <1980>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2011
Subjects: M-PED/03 Didattica e pedagogia speciale

description: La tesis es una invitación al viaje, un híbrido entre un ensayo y una narración que busca llegar directamente al lector con un estilo de escritura que se columpia entre lo lírico y lo científico. 
Relato de viaje narra y reflexiona sobre el viaje de indagación de una educadora que se está formando como investigadora, un viaje emprendido entre dos escuelas en Argentina y en México con el deseo de construir experiencias de educación más democrática en un ambiente tan autoritario como la escuela, intentado así seguir las huellas de la Pedagogía del Oprimido de Paulo Freire, desarrollando la acción educativa con el instrumento de la animación sociocultural. 
La investigación narrativa y la reflexión durante la práctica profesional se funden en la indagación sobre dos estudios de caso en la búsqueda de una metodología de investigación adecuada a la realidad del trabajo de campo y a la inquietud personal y profesional. 
Por esta razón, la tesis no presenta solamente el estudio de los dos casos a través de dos diarios de campo - uno de los cuales redactado en colaboración con los educandos - y de las entrevistas, sino también presenta la descripción del proceso de investigación con las dificultades que conllevó y la descripción del contexto argentino y mexicano a través de un diario personal.
Thyroid cancer incidence in New Jersey: Time trend, birth cohort and socioeconomic status analysis (1979-2006)
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Adult
Age Factors
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Cohort Effect
Female
Humans
Incidence
Insurance, Health
Male
Middle Aged
New Jersey
SEER Program
Sex Factors
Social Class
Thyroid Neoplasms
Time Factors
Young Adult

description: The study's purpose was to investigate thyroid cancer incidence time trends, birth cohort effects, and association with socioeconomic status (SES) in New Jersey (NJ), a high incidence state, using NJ State Cancer Registry data. Thyroid cancer incidence rates in each sex, nearly all age groups, two major histologies and all stages significantly increased between 1979 and 2006. For each sex, age-specific incidence rates began greatly increasing in the 1924 birth cohort and, generally, the highest thyroid cancer incidence rate for each five-year age group occurred in the latest birth cohort and diagnosis period. Thyroid cancer incidence rates were significantly higher in NJ Census tracts with higher SES and in counties with a higher percentage of insured residents. These results support further investigation into the relationship between rising thyroid cancer incidence and increasing population exposure to medical (including diagnostic) radiation, as well as widespread use of more sensitive diagnostic techniques. © 2011 Lisa M. Roche et al.
Quantum Gravitational Sensor for Space Debris
Creators: name: Wu, Meng-Zhi
name: Toroš, Marko
name: Bose, Sougato
name: Mazumdar, Anupam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Matter-wave interferometers have fundamental applications for gravity experiments such as testing the equivalence principle and the quantum nature of gravity. In addition, matter-wave interferometers can be used as quantum sensors to measure the local gravitational acceleration caused by external massive moving objects, thus lending itself for technological applications. In this paper, we will establish a three dimensional model to describe the gravity gradient signal from an external moving object, and theoretically investigate the achievable sensitivities using the matter-wave interferometer based on the Stern-Gerlach set-up. As an application we will consider the Mesoscopic Interference for Metric and Curvature (MIMAC) and Gravitational wave detection scheme [New J. Phys. 22, 083012 (2020)] and quantify its sensitivity to gravity gradients using frequency-space analysis. We will consider objects near Earth-based experiments and space debris in proximity of satellites and estimate the minimum detectable mass of the object as a function of their distance, velocity, and orientation.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
Temporal Discrimination of Sub- and Suprasecond Time Intervals: A Voxel-Based Lesion Mapping Analysis
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2011
Subjects: VLSM
lesion
temporal discrimination
time perception

description: We used voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping (VLSM) to determine which brain areas are necessary for discriminating time intervals above and below 1 s. VLSM compares behavioral scores of patients that have damage to a given voxel to those that do not on a voxel-by-voxel basis to determine which voxels are critical for the given behavior. Forty-seven subjects with unilateral hemispheric lesions performed a temporal discrimination task in which a standard stimulus was compared on each trial to a test stimulus. In different blocks of trials, standard stimuli were either 600 or 2000 ms. Behavioral measures included the point of subjective equality, a measure of accuracy, and the coefficient of variation, a measure of variability. Lesions of the right middle and inferior frontal gyri were associated with decrements in performance on both durations. In addition, lesions of the left temporal lobe and right precentral gyrus were associated exclusively with impaired performance for subsecond stimuli. In line with results from other studies, these data suggest that different circuits are necessary for timing intervals in these ranges, and that right frontal areas are particularly important to timing.
Indicatori per la valutazione della presa in carico dei pazienti con disturbi mentali
Creators: name: Fabbri, Giuliana <1973>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2011
Subjects: MED/42 Igiene generale e applicata

description: Secondo la definizione dell’Organizzazione Mondiale della Sanità (OMS) “la salute mentale è la base per un corretto sviluppo emotivo, psicologico, intellettuale e sociale degli individui e allo stesso tempo ha effetti favorevoli sull’ambiente in cui le persone vivono e sul luogo di lavoro, generando crescita economica e sviluppo sociale”. In tutti i paesi la frequenza dei disturbi mentali è in aumento, con conseguente incremento dei costi sociali ed economici. Circa il 14 % della popolazione adulta a livello mondiale è colpita da un disturbo mentale o di comportamento, con picchi di oltre il 20% negli Stati Uniti. Negli ultimi anni le politiche sanitarie si sono orientate sempre più verso la ricerca di soluzioni per l’organizzazione dei servizi di salute mentale, favorendo un approccio territoriale piuttosto che ospedaliero, che ha portato in alcuni paesi ad una netta riduzione di posti letto riservati a malati psichiatrici.  Fondamentale quindi l’istituzione di percorsi integrati che soddisfino i bisogni di salute mentale dei pazienti, garantiscano la continuità assistenziale e perseguano un miglioramento della qualità della vita dei pazienti e dei loro familiari. 
Obiettivo di questa tesi è la proposta di un set di indicatori per la salute mentale che  avranno l’obiettivo di monitorare tutte le fasi del percorso assistenziale. A tale scopo, sarà necessario collegare i diversi flussi di informazioni: schede di dimissione ospedaliera, specialistica ambulatoriale, prestazioni farmaceutiche effettuate in distribuzione diretta o per conto, prestazioni dei dipartimenti di salute mentale, registro di mortalità, anagrafe.
Quantum and classical Floquet prethermalization
Creators: name: Ho, Wen Wei
name: Mori, Takashi
name: Abanin, Dmitry A.
name: Torre, Emanuele G. Dalla
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Time-periodic (Floquet) driving is a powerful way to control the dynamics of complex systems, which can be used to induce a plethora of new physical phenomena. However, when applied to many-body systems, Floquet driving can also cause heating, and lead to a featureless infinite-temperature state, hindering most useful applications. It is therefore important to find mechanisms to suppress such effects. Floquet prethermalization refers to the phenomenon where many-body systems subject to a high-frequency periodic drive avoid heating for very long times, instead tending to transient states that can host interesting physics. Its key signature is a strong parametric suppression of the heating rate as a function of the driving frequency. Here, we review our present understanding of this phenomenon in both quantum and classical systems, and across various models and methods. In particular, we present rigorous theorems underpinning Floquet prethermalization in quantum spin and fermionic lattice systems, extensions to systems with degrees of freedom that have unbounded local dimension. Further, we briefly describe applications to novel nonequilibrium phases of matter, and recent experiments probing prethermalization with quantum simulators. We close by describing the frontiers of Floquet prethermalization beyond strictly time-periodic drives, including time-quasiperiodic driving and long-lived quasi-conserved quantities enabled by large separation of energy scales.
description: review paper, 15 pages, comments are welcome
Recursion Relation for Toeplitz Determinants and the Discrete Painlevé II Hierarchy
Creators: name: Chouteau, Thomas
name: Tarricone, Sofia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solutions of the discrete Painlevé II hierarchy are shown to be in relation with a family of Toeplitz determinants describing certain quantities in multicritical random partitions models, for which the limiting behavior has been recently considered in the literature. Our proof is based on the Riemann-Hilbert approach for the orthogonal polynomials on the unit circle related to the Toeplitz determinants of interest. This technique allows us to construct a new Lax pair for the discrete Painlevé II hierarchy that is then mapped to the one introduced by Cresswell and Joshi.
The Clusters AgeS Experiment (CASE). IV. Analysis of the Eclipsing Binary V69 in the Globular Cluster 47 Tuc
Creators: name: Thompson, I. B.
name: Kaluzny, J.
name: Rucinski, S. M.
name: Krzeminski, W.
name: Pych, W.
name: Dotter, A.
name: Burley, G. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use photometric and spectroscopic observations of the eclipsing binary V69-47 Tuc to derive the masses, radii, and luminosities of the component stars. Based on measured systemic velocity, distance, and proper motion, the system is a member of the globular cluster 47 Tuc. The system has an orbital period of 29.5 d and the orbit is slightly eccentric with e=0.056. We obtain Mp=0.8762 +- 0.0048 M(Sun), Rp=1.3148 +-0.0051 R(Sun), Lp=1.94 +- 0.21 L(Sun) for the primary and Ms=0.8588 +- 0.0060 M(Sun), Rs=1.1616 +- 0.0062 R(Sun), Ls=1.53 +- 0.17 L(Sun) for the secondary. These components of V69 are the first Population II stars with masses and radii derived directly and with an accuracy of better than 1%. We measure an apparent distance modulus of (m-M)v=13.35 +- 0.08 to V69. We compare the absolute parameters of V69 with five sets of stellar evolution models and estimate the age of V69 using mass-luminosity-age, mass-radius-age, and turnoff mass - age relations. The masses, radii, and luminosities of the component stars are determined well enough that the measurement of ages is dominated by systematic differences between the evolutionary models, in particular, the adopted helium abundance. By comparing the observations to Dartmouth model isochrones we estimate the age of V69 to be 11.25 +- 0.21(random) +- 0.85(systematic) Gyr assuming [Fe/H]=-0.70, [alpha/Fe]=0.4, and Y=0.255. The determination of the distance to V69, and hence to 47Tuc, can be further improved when infrared eclipse photometry is obtained for the variable.
description: 49 pages, 15 figures, submitted to AJ
Implementing a scalable and elastic computing environment based on Cloud Containers
Creators: name: Perri, Damiano
name: Simonetti, Marco
name: Tasso, Sergio
name: Ragni, Federico
name: Gervasi, Osvaldo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this article we look at the potential of cloud containers and we provide some guidelines for companies and organisations that are starting to look at how to migrate their legacy infrastructure to something modern, reliable and scalable. We propose an architecture that has an excellent relationship between the cost of implementation and the benefits it can bring, based on the "Pilot Light" topology. The services are reconfigured inside small docker containers and the workload is balanced using load balancers that allow horizontal autoscaling techniques to be exploited in the future. By generating additional containers and utilizing the possibilities given by load balancers, companies and network systems experts may model and calibrate infrastructures based on the projected number of users. Containers offer the opportunity to expand the infrastructure and increase processing capacity in a very short time. The proposed approach results in an easily maintainable and fault-tolerant system that could help and simplify the work in particular of small and medium-sized organisations.
description: International Conference on Computational Science and Its Applications, ICCSA 2021
Investigation of resonant and transient phenomena in Josephson junction flux qubits
Creators: name: Marchese, Jeffrey E.
name: Cirillo, Matteo
name: Grønbech-Jensen, Niels
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analytical and computational study of resonances and transient responses in a classical Josephson junction system. A theoretical basis for resonances in a superconducting loop with three junctions is presented, outlining both the direct relationship between the dynamics of single- and multi-junction systems, and the direct relationships between observations of the classical counterparts to Rabi oscillations, Ramsey fringes, and spin echo oscillations in this class of systems. We show simulations data along with analytical analyses of the classical model, and the results are related to previously reported experiments conducted on three junction loops. We further investigate the effect of off-resonant microwave perturbations to, e.g., the Rabi-type response of the Josephson system, and we relate this response back to the nonlinear and multi-valued resonance behavior previously reported for a single Josephson junction. The close relationships between single and multi-junction behavior demonstrates the underlying dynamical mechanism for a whole class of classical counterparts to expected quantum mechanical observations in a variety of systems; namely the resonant and transient behavior of a particle in an anharmonic potential well with subsequent escape.
description: 11 pages, seven figures
Nonadiabatic to Adiabatic Transition of Electron Transfer in Colloidal Quantum Dot Molecules
Creators: name: Hou, Bokang
name: Thoss, Michael
name: Banin, Uri
name: Rabani, Eran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron transfer is an important and fundamental process in chemistry, biology and physics, and has received significant attention in recent years. Perhaps one of the most intriguing questions concerns with the realization of the transitions between nonadiabatic and adiabatic regimes of electron transfer, as the coupling (hybridization) energy, $J$, between the donor and acceptor is varied. Here, using colloidal quantum dot molecules, a new class of coupled quantum dot dimers, we computationally demonstrate how the hybridization energy between the donor and acceptor quantum dots can be tuned by simply changing the neck dimensions and/or the quantum dot size. This provides a handle to tune the electron transfer from the nonadiabatic over-damped Marcus regime to the coherent adiabatic regime in a single system, without changing the reorganization energy, $λ$, or the typical phonon frequency, $ω_c$. We develop an atomistic model to account for several donor and acceptor states and how they couple to the lattice vibrations, and utilize the Ehrenfest mean-field mixed quantum-classical method to describe the charge transfer dynamics as the nonadiabatic parameter, $γ$, is varied. We find that charge transfer rates increase by several orders of magnitude as the system is driven to the coherent, adiabatic limit, even at elevated temperatures, and delineate the inter-dot and torsional acoustic modes that couple most strongly to the charge transfer reaction coordinate.
title: A look into Covid-19 spreading through the lodging sector
Creators: name: Ruiz Martinez, Estefania
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Airbnb
subject: Covid-19
subject: NLP
subject: TF-IDF
subject: KDE
subject: UGC
subject: lodging industry

description: This thesis integrates spatial analysis and text mining techniques to explore the experience of Airbnb users in the light of the health crisis of COVID-19. The main findings did not provide enough evidence to claim that after the outbreak of covid there was a significant change in the experience of Airbnb users in Rio de Janeiro and New York. On the one hand, the decrease of positive reviews was not significatively high, as the decrease was only 1% in Rio de Janeiro and 2% in New York. On the other hand, positive reviews containing covid terms accounted 87% of the covid reviews in Rio de Janeiro and 89% of the covid reviews in New York. Nevertheless, the analysis of reviews containing covid terms revealed topics related with the health crisis, such as the use of mask and hand sanitizer, cancellation of reservation and flight, and travel ban. Further analyses are required to prove if those situations had an influence in the experience of Airbnb users. The overall findings show how semantic and spatial analysis can contribute to the understanding of customer behaviour in the lodging sector, and furthermore during health crisis events.
Supernova neutrinos and antineutrinos: ternary luminosity diagram and spectral split patterns
Creators: name: Fogli, Gianluigi
name: Lisi, Eligio
name: Marrone, Antonio
name: Tamborra, Irene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In core-collapse supernovae, the nu_e and anti-nu_e species may experience collective flavor swaps to non-electron species nu_x, within energy intervals limited by relatively sharp boundaries ("splits"). These phenomena appear to depend sensitively upon the initial energy spectra and luminosities. We investigate the effect of generic variations of the fractional luminosities (l_e, l_{anti-e}, l_x) with respect to the usual "energy equipartition" case (1/6, 1/6, 1/6), within an early-time supernova scenario with fixed thermal spectra and total luminosity. We represent the constraint l_e+l_{anti-e}+4l_x=1 in a ternary diagram, which is explored via numerical experiments (in single-angle approximation) over an evenly-spaced grid of points. In inverted hierarchy, single splits arise in most cases, but an abrupt transition to double splits is observed for a few points surrounding the equipartition one. In normal hierarchy, collective effects turn out to be unobservable at all grid points but one, where single splits occur. Admissible deviations from equipartition may thus induce dramatic changes in the shape of supernova (anti)neutrino spectra. The observed patterns are interpreted in terms of initial flavor polarization vectors (defining boundaries for the single/double split transitions), lepton number conservation, and minimization of potential energy.
description: 24 pages, including 14 figures (1 section with 2 figures added). Accepted for publication in JCAP
Synthesis and application of new ion-tagged ligands and organocatalysts
Creators: name: Chiarucci, Michel <1983>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2011
Subjects: CHIM/06 Chimica organica

description: We report the synthesis and application of some  ion-tagged catalysts in organometallic catalysis and organocatalysis. With the installation of an ionic group on the backbone of a known catalyst, two main effects are generally obtained. i) a modification of the solubility of the catalyst: if judicious choice of the ion pair is made, the ion-tag can confer to the catalyst a solubility profile suitable for catalyst recycling. ii) the ionic group can play a non-innocent role in the process considered: if stabilizing interaction between the ionic group and the developing charges in the transition state are established, the reaction can speed up. 
We describe the use of ion-tagged diphenylprolinol as  Zn ligand. The chiral ligand grafted onto an ionic liquid (IL) was recycled 10 times with no loss of reactivity and selectivity, when it was employed in the first example of enantioselective addition of ZnEt2 to aldehydes in ILs. An ammonium-tagged phosphine displayed the capability to stabilize Pd catalysts for the Suzuki reaction in ILs. The ionic phase was recycled 6 times with no detectable loss of activity and very low Pd leaching in the organic phase. This catalytic system was also employed for the functionalization of the challenging substrate 5,11-dibromotetracene. In the field of organocatalysis, we prepared two ion-tagged derivatives of the McMillan imidazolidinone. The results of the asymmetric Diels-Alder reaction between trans-cinnamaldehyde and cyclopentadiene exhibited great dependence on the position and nature of the ionic group. Finally, when O-TMS-diphenylprolinol was tagged with an imidazolium ion, exploiting a silyl ether linker,  an efficient catalyst for the asymmetric addition of aldehydes to nitroolefins was achieved. The catalyst displayed enhanced reactivity and the same high level of selectivity of the untagged parent catalyst and it could be employed  in a wide range of reaction conditions, included use of water as solvent.
Development of synthetic molecular circuits for the control of cell systems
Creators: name: Ceroni, Francesca <1982>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2011
Subjects: ING-INF/06 Bioingegneria elettronica e informatica

description: Synthetic biology is a young field of applicative research aiming to design and build up artificial biological devices, useful for human applications. How synthetic biology emerged in past years and how the development of the Registry of Standard Biological Parts aimed to introduce one practical starting solution to apply the basics of engineering to molecular biology is presented in chapter 1 in the thesis  The same chapter recalls how biological parts can make up a genetic program, the molecular cloning tecnique useful for this purpose, and an overview of the mathematical modeling adopted to describe gene circuit behavior. Although the design of gene circuits has become feasible the increasing complexity of gene networks asks for a rational approach to design gene circuits.  A bottom-up approach was proposed, suggesting that the behavior of a complicated system can be predicted from the features of its parts. The option to use modular parts in large-scale networks will be facilitated by a detailed and shared characterization of their functional properties. Such a prediction, requires well-characterized mathematical models of the parts and of how they behave when assembled together. In chapter 2, the feasibility of the bottom-up approach in the design of a synthetic program in Escherichia coli bacterial cells is described. The rational design of gene networks is however far from being established. The synthetic biology approach can used the mathematical formalism to identify biological information not assessable with experimental measurements. In this context, chapter 3 describes the design of a synthetic sensor for identifying  molecules of interest inside eukaryotic cells. The Registry of Standard parts collects standard and modular biological parts. To spread the use of BioBricks the iGEM competition was  started. The ICM Laboratory, where Francesca Ceroni completed her Ph.D, partecipated with teams of students and Chapter 4 summarizes the projects developed.
First-principles study of the bandgap renormalization and optical property of $β$-LiGaO$_2$
Creators: name: Fang, Dangqi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: $β$-LiGaO$_2$ with an orthorhombic wurtzite-derived structure is a candidate ultrawide direct-bandgap semiconductor. In this work, using the non-adiabatic Allen-Heine-Cardona approach, we investigate the bandgap renormalization arising from electron-phonon coupling. We find a sizable zero-point motion correction of -0.362 eV to the gap at $Γ$, which is dominated by the contributions of long-wavelength longitudinal optical phonons. The bandgap of $β$-LiGaO$_2$ decreases monotonically with increasing temperature. We investigate the optical spectra by comparing the model Bethe-Salpether equation method with the independent-particle approximation. The calculated optical spectra including electron-hole interactions exhibit strong excitonic effects, in qualitative agreement with experiment. The contributing interband transitions and the binding energy for the excitonic states are analyzed.
The cannonball model of long GRBs - overview
Creators: name: Dado, Shlomo
name: Dar, Arnon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During the past ten years, the predictions of the cannonball (CB) model of gamma ray bursts (GRBs) were repeatedly confronted with the mounting data from space- and ground-based observations of GRBs and their afterglows (AGs). The two underlying radiation mechanisms of the model, inverse Compton scattering (ICS) and synchrotron radiation (SR), provided an accurate description of the prompt and afterglow emission in all of the many well-sampled GRBs that were studied. Simple as they are, these two mechanisms and the burst environment were shown to generate the observed rich structure of the GRB light-curves at all observed frequencies and times.
description: Invited talk, to be published in the proceedings of Cefalu 2009 workshop `Probing stellar populations out to the distant universe', Cefalu, Sicily, Italy, September 7-19, 2008
Rahastamine ja palgad Eesti kõrgkoolides ning konkurentsivõime
Creators: name: Raudjärv, Matti
Publisher: name: Estonian Discussions on Economic Policy
Year: 2021

description: The paper presents the general background of financing of Estonian institutions of higher education, the related salary system and its impact on competitiveness. Proceeding also from the positions of the European Union, the role of strong trade unions in salary negotiations is emphasised. The need for the reform of doctoral studies, changes in the salary rules and implementation of a new academic career model are discussed. Also introduction of an academic basic salary, i.e. basic financing has an important role, in order not to rely on only financing and security of salaries afforded by grants. Several discussions are presented through which the decision should be adopted whether to continue providing free education or to return to studies with tuition fees, above all for full-time students (if they have completed their curriculum). It is the position of the authors that Estonian institutions of higher education should not adopt studies with tuition fees just now, as the payers of the fees are relatively poor. We can apply tuition fees in studies when we become more wealthy. The paper is not based on surveys conducted and does not present research results but mainly describes the current situation – the current situation in economy and education and the related problems and possible solutions.
description: Estonian Discussions on Economic Policy, Vol. 29 No. 1-2 (2021)
Distributions of the Wigner reaction matrix for microwave networks with symplectic symmetry in the presence of absorption
Creators: name: Lawniczak, Michal
name: Akhshani, Afshin
name: Farooq, Omer
name: Bialous, Malgorzata
name: Bauch, Szymon
name: Dietz, Barbara
name: Sirko, Leszek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on experimental studies of the distribution of the reflection coefficients, and the imaginary and real parts of Wigner's reaction (K) matrix employing open microwave networks with symplectic symmetry and varying size of absorption. The results are compared to analytical predictions derived for the single-channel scattering case within the framework of random matrix theory (RMT). Furthermore, we performed Monte Carlo simulations based on the Heidelberg approach for the scattering (S) and K matrix of open quantum-chaotic systems and the two-point correlation function of the S-matrix elements. The analytical results and the Monte Carlo simulations depend on the size of absorption. To verify them, we performed experiments with microwave networks for various absorption strengths. We show that deviations from RMT predictions observed in the spectral properties of the corresponding closed quantum graph, and attributed to the presence of nonuniversal short periodic orbits, does not have any visible effects on the distributions of the reflection coefficients and the K and S matrices associated with the corresponding open quantum graph.
Node-line Dirac semimetal manipulated by Kondo mechanism in nonsymmorphic CePt$_2$Si$_2$
Creators: name: Ma, Hao-Tian
name: Ming, Xing
name: Zheng, Xiao-Jun
name: Wen, Jian-Feng
name: Wang, Yue-Chao
name: Liu, Yu
name: Li, Huan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dirac node lines (DNLs) are characterized by Dirac-type linear crossings between valence and conduction bands along one-dimensional node lines in the Brillouin zone (BZ). Spin-orbit coupling (SOC) usually shifts the degeneracy at the crossings thus destroys DNLs, and so far the reported DNLs in a few materials are non-interacting type, making the search for robust interacting DNLs in real materials appealing. Here, via first-principle calculations, we reveal that Kondo interaction together with nonsymmorphic lattice symmetries can drive a robust interacting DNLs in a Kondo semimetal CePt_2Si_2, and the feature of DNLs can be significantly manipulated by Kondo behavior in different temperature regions. Based on the density function theory combining dynamical mean-field theory (DFT+DMFT), we predict a transition to Kondo-coherent state at coherent temperature T_coh= 80 K upon cooling, verified by temperature dependence of Ce-4f self-energy, Kondo resonance peak, magnetic susceptibility and momentum-resolved spectral. Below T_coh, well-resolved narrow heavy-fermion bands emerge near the Fermi level, constructing clearly visualized interacting DNLs locating at the BZ boundary, in which the Dirac fermions have strongly enhanced effective mass and reduced velocity. In contrast, above a crossover temperature T_KS =600 K, the destruction of local Kondo screening drives non-interacting DNLs which are comprised by light conduction electrons at the same location. These DNLs are protected by lattice nonsymmorphic symmetries thus robust under intrinsic strong SOC. Our proposal of DNLs which can be significantly manipulated according to Kondo behavior provides an unique realization of interacting Dirac semimetals in real strongly correlated materials, and serves as a convenient platform to investigate the effect of electronic correlations on topological materials.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures
European Policy against Corona: Adequate Restrictions or a Kind of Hygienic-Totalitarism?
Creators: name: Eibner, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Estonian Discussions on Economic Policy
Year: 2021

description: The corona pandemic is keeping the world under its spell: time for an economic and political stocktaking. The article covers the following topics: Why is the current pandemic leading to such harsh government responses worldwide and also in industrialized countries? Is the reason for this a deadly pandemic or is it rather a neoliberal cost-minimizing health care system that saves costs ignoring any consequences for its efficiency? Are the previous harsh measures of the countries' governments to restrict social and economic life scientifically epidemiologically analyzed and thus expedient, or is the state acting primarily fear-based: So is the sense of proportion given to all the measures to combat the pandemic that deeply interfere with our social freedoms? What will be the central economic costs of the economic and social lockdown and thus the consequences for our economy, for our civil rights and our free society?
description: Estonian Discussions on Economic Policy, Vol. 29 No. 1-2 (2021)
Renormalization of antiferromagnetic magnons by superconducting condensate and quasiparticles
Creators: name: Bobkov, A. M.
name: Sorokin, S. A.
name: Bobkova, I. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ability to modify and tune the spin-wave dispersion is one of the most important requirements for engineering of magnonic networks. In this study we demonstrate the promise of synthetic thin-film hybrids composed of an antiferromagnetic insulator (AF) and a normal (N) or superconducting (S) metal for tuning and modifying the spin-wave dispersion in antiferromagnetic insulators. The key ingredient is the uncompensated magnetic moment at the AF/S(N) interface, which induces an effective exchange field in the adjacent metal via the interface exchange interaction. The exchange field spin polarizes quasiparticles in the metal and induces spinful triplet Cooper pairs screening the magnon. The quasiparticle and Cooper pair polarization renormalizes the magnon dispersion. The renormalization results in the splitting of the otherwise degenerate AF magnon modes with no need to apply a magnetic field. It is also proposed that measurements of the renormalized dispersion relations can provide the amplitude of the effective exchange field induced by the AF in the adjacent metal.
Teaching Math with the help of Virtual Reality
Creators: name: Simonetti, Marco
name: Perri, Damiano
name: Amato, Natale
name: Gervasi, Osvaldo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In the present work we intend to introduce a system based on VR (Virtual Reality) for examining analytical-geometric structures that occur in the study of mathematics and physics concepts in the last high school classes. In our opinion, an immersive study environment has several advantages over traditional two-dimensional environments (such as a book or the simple screen of a PC or tablet), such as the spatial understanding of the concepts exposed, more peripheral awareness and moreover an evident decreasing in the information dispersion phenomenon. This does not mean that our pedagogical approach is a substitute for traditional pedagogical approaches, but is simply meant to be a robust support. In the first phase of our research we have tried to understand which mathematical objects and which tools to use to enhance mathematical teaching, to demonstrate that the use of VR techniques significantly increase the level of understanding of the mathematical subject investigated by the students.The system which provides for the integration of two machine levels, hardware and software, was subsequently tested by a representative sample of students who returned various food for thought through a questionnaire.
description: International Conference on Computational Science and Its Applications, ICCSA 2020