cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Stellar Lyman-alpha Emission Lines in the Hubble Space Telescope Archive: Intrinsic Line Fluxes and Absorption from the Heliosphere and Astrospheres
Creators: name: Wood, Brian E.
name: Redfield, Seth
name: Linsky, Jeffrey L.
name: Mueller, Hans-Reinhard
name: Zank, Gary P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We search the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) archive for previously unanalyzed observations of stellar H I Lyman-alpha emission lines, our primary purpose being to look for new detections of Lyman-alpha absorption from the outer heliosphere, and to also search for analogous absorption from the astrospheres surrounding the observed stars. The astrospheric absorption is of particular interest because it can be used to study solar-like stellar winds that are otherwise undetectable. We find and analyze 33 HST Lyman-alpha spectra in the archive. All the spectra were taken with the E140M grating of the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) instrument on board HST. The HST/STIS spectra yield 4 new detections of heliospheric absorption (70 Oph, Xi Boo, 61 Vir, and HD 165185) and 7 new detections of astrospheric absorption (EV Lac, 70 Oph, Xi Boo, 61 Vir, Delta Eri, HD 128987, and DK UMa), doubling the previous number of heliospheric and astrospheric detections. When combined with previous results, 10 of 17 lines of sight within 10 pc yield detections of astrospheric absorption. This high detection fraction implies that most of the ISM within 10 pc must be at least partially neutral, since the presence of H I within the ISM surrounding the observed star is necessary for an astrospheric detection. In contrast, the detection percentage is only 9.7% (3 out of 31) for stars beyond 10 pc. Our Lyman-alpha analyses provide measurements of ISM H I and D I column densities for all 33 lines of sight, and we discuss some implications of these results. Finally, we measure chromospheric Lyman-alpha fluxes from the observed stars. We use these fluxes to determine how Lyman-alpha flux correlates with coronal X-ray and chromospheric Mg II emission, and we also study how Lyman-alpha emission depends on stellar rotation.
description: 56 pages, 15 figures; AASTEX v5.0 plus EPSF extensions in mkfig.sty; accepted by ApJS
The Decline in Consumer Use of Food Nutrition Labels, 1995-2006
Creators: name: Todd, Jessica E.
name: Variyam, Jayachandran N.
name: Todd, Jessica E.
name: Variyam, Jayachandran N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Nutrition Facts panel
subject: Nutrition Labeling and Education Act
subject: nutrition label use
subject: Diet and Health Knowledge Survey
subject: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

description: This report examines changes in consumers’ use of nutrition labels on food packages between 1995-96 and 2005-06. The analysis finds that, although a majority of consumers report using nutrition labels when buying food, use has declined for most label components, including the Nutrition Facts panel and information about calories, fats, cholesterol, and sodium. By contrast, use of fiber information has increased. The decline in label use is particularly marked for the cohort of adults less than 30 years old.
புரட்டாசி மாதம் நிகழும் மழை குறித்த சடங்குகளும் வழிபாட்டு முறைகளும்.pdf
Creators: name: Krishan, K.Nagendran
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 200315 Indian Languages
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: 200520 Indian Literature
subject: 200519 South-East Asian Literature (excl. Indonesian)
subject: 200314 South-East Asian Languages (excl. Indonesian)

description: இக்கட்டுரை திருமங்கலம் வட்டாரத்தில் புரட்டாசி மாதம் நிகழும் மழை குறித்த சடங்குகளையும் வழிபாட்டு முறைகளையும்; கூறுகின்றது. தெய்வ வழிபாடுகளில் மழை, நாட்டுப்புறப்பாடல் வழி நம்பிக்கைகள் குறித்தும் ஆராயப்படுகின்றது.
The X-ray emission properties and the dicothomy in the central stellar cusp shapes of early-type galaxies
Creators: name: Pellegrini, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hubble Space Telescope revealed a dicothomy in the central surface brightness profiles of early-type galaxies, that subsequently have been grouped into two families: core, boxy, anisotropic systems and cuspy ("power law"), disky, rotating ones. Here we investigate whether a dicothomy is present also in the X-ray properties of the two families. We consider both their total soft emission (Lsx,tot), that is a measure of the galactic hot gas content, and their nuclear hard emission (Lhx,nuc), mostly coming from Chandra observations, that is a measure of the nuclear activity. At any optical luminosity, the highest Lsx,tot values are reached by core galaxies; this is explained with their being central dominant galaxies of groups, subclusters or clusters, in many of the logLsx,tot(erg/s)>~41.5 cases. The highest Lhx,nuc values, similar to those of classical AGNs, in this sample are hosted only by core galaxies; at low luminosity AGN levels, Lhx,nuc is independent of the central stellar profile shape. The presence of optical nuclei (also found by HST) is unrelated with the level of Lhx,nuc, even though the highest Lhx,nuc are all associated with optical nuclei. The implications of these findings for the galaxy evolution and the accretion modalities at the present epoch are discussed.
description: 11 pages, in press in MNRAS
Demo 6 - Manolo Pérez, Pablo Casanova-Salas, Jesús Gimeno, Cristina Portalés
Creators: name: Pérez, Manolo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 80111 Virtual Reality and Related Simulation
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Title: Virtual Loom, from Historical Fabrics to Interactive 3D Models
Authors: Manolo Pérez, Pablo Casanova-Salas, Jesús Gimeno, Cristina Portalés
Sufficient integral criteria for instability of the free charged surface of an ideal liquid
Creators: name: Zubarev, N. M.
name: Zubareva, O. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Applying the method of integral estimates to the analysis of three-wave processes we derive the sufficient criteria for the hard loss of stability of the charged plane surface of liquids with different physical properties. The influence of higher-order wave interactions on the instability dynamics is also discussed.
description: 9 pages
Towards a complete mass spectrum of type-IIB flux vacua at large complex structure
Creators: name: Blanco-Pillado, Jose J.
name: Sousa, Kepa
name: Urkiola, Mikel A.
name: Wachter, Jeremy M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The large number of moduli fields arising in a generic string theory compactification makes a complete computation of the low energy effective theory infeasible. A common strategy to solve this problem is to consider Calabi-Yau manifolds with discrete symmetries, which effectively reduce the number of moduli and make the computation of the truncated Effective Field Theory possible. In this approach, however, the couplings (e.g., the masses) of the truncated fields are left undetermined. In the present paper we discuss the tree-level mass spectrum of type-IIB flux compactifications at Large Complex Structure, focusing on models with a reduced one-dimensional complex structure sector. We compute the tree-level spectrum for the dilaton and complex structure moduli, \emph{including the truncated fields}, which can be expressed entirely in terms of the known couplings of the reduced theory. We show that the masses of this set of fields are naturally heavy at vacua consistent with the KKLT construction, and we discuss other phenomenologically interesting scenarios where the spectrum involves fields much lighter than the gravitino. We also derive the probability distribution for the masses on the ensemble of flux vacua, and show that it exhibits universal features independent of the details of the compactification. We check our results on a large sample of flux vacua constructed in an orientifold of the Calabi-Yau $\mathbb{WP}^4_{[1,1,1,1,4]}$. Finally, we also discuss the conditions under which the spectrum derived here could arise in more general compactifications.
description: 75 pages, 16 figures
Consumer Heterogeneity: Does It Affect Policy Responses to the Obesity Epidemic?
Creators: name: Lyford, Conrad P.
name: Belasco, Eric J.
name: Chidmi, Benaissa
name: Funtanilla, Margil
name: Lyford, Conrad P.
name: Belasco, Eric J.
name: Chidmi, Benaissa
name: Funtanilla, Margil
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Obesity
subject: Quantile Regression
subject: Heterogeneity
subject: Policy

description: The fight against obesity in the U.S. has become a priority area for policy makers due to the additional health risks and health care costs. In developing policy to lower obesity rates, it is important to accurately characterize the impact that exercise, smoking and demographic characteristics have on BMI in order to draft effective policy. This analysis uses data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFS) to evaluate the relationship between behavioral and demographic factors with BMI while explicitly accounting for individual heterogeneity by using a quantile analysis. Results suggest that the effect of exercise, smoking, occupation and race vary by BMI quantile, indicating that consumers should be treated as heterogeneous at least for these factors in obesity policy and related analyses.
Ions Generated from a Premixed Methane-Air Flame: Mobility Size Distributions and Charging Characteristics
Creators: name: Ramesh, Chanakya Bagya
name: Wang, Yang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Chemical ionization in combustion systems forms concentrated ions of both polarities. Applying electric fields and plasmas to combustion systems has been shown to reduce emissions (such as particulate matter) potentially by controlling the ionic properties. Detailed flame-generated ion properties need to be characterized to better understand and predict the dynamics and roles of these ions in combustion and particle formation processes. In this work, we used a high-resolution differential mobility analyzer (HR-DMA) to map the mobility and size distributions of positive and negative ions generated from a premixed methane-air flat flame under atmospheric pressure. Measurements were conducted over a wide range of stoichiometric ratios (0.8 to 1.2) and heights above the burner (HAB, 7–42 mm). Positively charged ions are relatively stable over the entire range of experimental conditions, showing two major modes, one at 1.16 nm, and another at 1.42 nm. The mode corresponding to 1.42 nm showed a gradual increase in size with HAB, indicating the charging of hydrocarbon precursors. With the mobility values of the ions, we calculated their approximate mass values based on the empirical mobility–mass relationship and estimated the charging characteristics of particles in the flame. The ion profiles and particle charging characteristics obtained in this study will improve our understanding of electrostatic interactions in flame systems.
பாரதியார் கவிதைகளில் நாட்டுப்புறத் தெய்வங்கள்.pdf
Creators: name: Krishan, K.Nagendran
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 200315 Indian Languages
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: 200520 Indian Literature
subject: 200519 South-East Asian Literature (excl. Indonesian)
subject: 200314 South-East Asian Languages (excl. Indonesian)

description: இக்கட்டுரை பாரதியார் கவிதைகளில் நாட்டுப்புற தெய்வங்கள் குறித்தப் பதிவுகளை எடுத்துரைக்கின்றது. குலதெய்வம் - வீரம்மை - நீலிதெய்வம் - காளி - முத்து மாரியம்மன் போன்ற தெய்வங்கள் பற்றிய பதிவு குறித்து ஆராயப்படுகின்றது.
The spectrum features of UHECRs below and surrounding GZK
Creators: name: Egorova, V. P.
name: Glushkov, A. V.
name: Ivanov, A. A.
name: Knurenko, S. P.
name: Kolosov, V. A.
name: Krasilnikov, A. D.
name: Makarov, I. T.
name: Mikhailov, A. A.
name: Olzoev, V. V.
name: Pravdin, M. I.
name: Sabourov, A. V.
name: Sleptsov, I. Ye.
name: Struchkov, G. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The energy spectrum of UHECRs is discussed on the basis of the Yakutsk array database analysis. In the region E=0.1 to 30 EeV the showers are detected under trigger-500, while at energies above 30 EeV the whole acceptance area for trigger-1000 is used in order to utilize all the data available in the region of GZK cutoff.
description: Invited talk at CRIS2004: GZK and surroundings, Catania, Italy, 31.05.04. To appear in Nucl. Phys. B Proc. Suppl
Theoretical insights of codoping to modulate electronic structure of TiO$_2$ and SrTiO$_3$ for enhanced photocatalytic efficiency
Creators: name: Kumar, Manish
name: Basera, Pooja
name: Saini, Shikha
name: Bhattacharya, Saswata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: TiO$_2$ and SrTiO$_3$ are well known materials in the field of photocatalysis due to their exceptional electronic structure, high chemical stability, non-toxicity and low cost. However, owing to the wide band gap, these can be utilized only in the UV region. Thus, it's necessary to expand their optical response in visible region by reducing their band gap through doping with metals, nonmetals or the combination of different elements, while retaining intact the photocatalytic efficiency. We report here, the codoping of a metal and a nonmetal in anatase TiO$_2$ and SrTiO$_3$ for efficient photocatalytic water splitting using hybrid density functional theory and \textit{ab initio} atomistic thermodynamics. The latter ensures to capture the environmental effect to understand thermodynamic stability of the charged defects at a realistic condition. We have observed that the charged defects are stable in addition to neutral defects in anatase TiO$_2$ and the codopants act as donor as well as acceptor depending on the nature of doping (p-type or n-type). However, the most stable codopants in SrTiO$_3$ mostly act as donor. Our results reveal that despite the response in visible light region, the codoping in TiO$_2$ and SrTiO$_3$ cannot always enhance the photocatalytic activity due to either the formation of recombination centers or the large shift in the conduction band minimum or valence band maximum. Amongst various metal-nonmetal combinations, Mn$_\textrm{Ti}$S$_\textrm{O}$ (i.e. Mn is substituted at Ti site and S is substituted at O site), S$_\textrm{O}$ in anatase TiO$_2$ and Mn$_\textrm{Ti}$S$_\textrm{O}$, Mn$_\textrm{Sr}$N$_\textrm{O}$ in SrTiO$_3$ are the most potent candidates to enhance the photocatalytic efficiency of anatase TiO$_2$ and SrTiO$_3$ under visible light irradiation.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
Markets for ecosystem services: Applying the concepts
Creators: name: Whitten, Stuart M.
name: Salzman, James
name: Shelton, Dave
name: Procter, Wendy
name: Whitten, Stuart M.
name: Salzman, James
name: Shelton, Dave
name: Procter, Wendy
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: In recent times, use of market-based instruments to facilitate enhanced protection or production of ecosystem services has achieved a high public profile. However, much work remains to apply these tools in practice. Particular issues include definition and measurement of ecosystem services, development of institutions and mechanisms to facilitate trade and integration of these instruments into the broader natural resource management agenda and toolbox. In this paper these issues are explored with respect to pilot markets for ecosystem services in three case study catchments. Emphasis is placed on pilot selection rationale and identification of key facilitative mechanisms and institutions.
சிறுபாணாற்றுப்படையில் மயில்கள்.pdf
Creators: name: Krishan, K.Nagendran
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 200520 Indian Literature
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: 200315 Indian Languages
subject: 200519 South-East Asian Literature (excl. Indonesian)
subject: 200314 South-East Asian Languages (excl. Indonesian)

description: சிறுபாணாற்றுப்படை இலக்கியத்தில் மயில்களின் செய்திக் குறிப்புகள் ஆராயப்படுகின்றது. மயிலுக்கு ஆடைதருதல் - மயிலின் நிறம் - மயில் ஆடுவது - மயில் தலைகுனிந்து செல்வது பற்றியும் ஆராயப்படுகின்றது.
Photon-Neutrino Interactions
Creators: name: Karl, G.
name: Novikov, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the interaction of photons with neutrinos including two lepton loops. The parity violation in the gamma-nu to gamma-nu channel due to two lepton loops is substantially enhanced relative to the one lepton loop contribution. However there is no corresponding enhancement in the parity conserving amplitude in either the direct or the cross channel.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Physicochemical Characterization and Chemical Reactivity of Biochar from Pyrolysis of Dried Distiller’s Grains with Solubles (DDGs)
Creators: name: Cui, Danlan
name: Zheng, Xin
name: Zou, Jianfeng
name: Yu, Shirui
name: Kong, Xiao
name: Cai, Junmeng
name: Zhang, Xingguang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Biomass utilization has attracted great attention for decades, and the dried distiller’s grains with solubles (DDGs) is an important source which is the by-product of brewing industries, as fermented from raw biomass such as rice, wheat and sorghum. Currently, there are a few studies on the kinetics and thermodynamics of distiller’s grains biomass. Therefore, the physicochemical characterization, kinetic and thermodynamic analyses of DDGs and DDGs-biochar were studied. The characterization results confirmed that DDGs had high volatile matter (81.6%) and higher heating value (21.3 MJ kg−1). The pyrolysis kinetics of DDGs and DDGs-biochar at four heating rates of 5, 10, 20 and 40 K min−1 were investigated by non-isothermal thermogravimetric analysis. The isoconversional method such as Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS), analysis showed that the effective activation energy varied with the change in the conversion rates. For DDGs, it was 122–159 kJ mol−1 (α: 0.1–0.2), 160 ± 6.20 kJ mol−1 (α: 0.20–0.75) and 179–194 kJ mol−1 (α > 0.75), corresponded to thermal decomposition of hemicellulose, cellulose and part of lignin, and remaining lignin respectively; as to combustion of DDGs-biochar, it was 152 to 60.1 kJ mol−1 (α: 0.1–0.9) indicated that some of the more complicated structures in DDGs had been carbonized, making as-obtained biochar easier to burn owing to the lower activation energy. The changes in enthalpy, Gibbs free energy and entropy of DDGs and DDGs-biochar were calculated, and the results were helpful to evaluate the conversion efficiency and technical feasibility of DDGs pyrolysis and DDGs-biochar combustion processes.
Demo 5 - Lyndon Nixon, Arno Scharl, Rasa Bocyte
Creators: name: Nixon, Lyndon
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Tile: Topics Compass: Uncovering Trending Topics for Optimised Media Content Publication
Authors: Lyndon Nixon, Arno Scharl, Rasa Bocyte
Regulating Ports: competition in South Australian port services for grain
Creators: name: Wilson, Luke
name: Wilson, Luke
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: ports
subject: market power
subject: grain

description: Certain port services, called Essential Maritime Services, are subject to price regulation in South Australia. The need for this regulation is now under review, involving a series of assessments of market structures and market power in port services. This paper proposes a framework for assessing market power in port services, to determine whether there is a prima facie case for regulation. Elements of the framework are applied to the grain industry, which is one of the major users of port services in South Australia.
Tree-crop interactions and their environmental and economic implications in the presence of carbon-sequestration payments
Creators: name: Wise, Russell M.
name: Cacho, Oscar J.
name: Wise, Russell M.
name: Cacho, Oscar J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: agroforestry
subject: bioeconomics
subject: tree/crop interactions
subject: carbon credits
subject: baselines

description: Growing trees with crops has environmental and economic implications. Trees can help prevent land degradation and increase biodiversity while at the same time allow for the continued use of the land to produce agricultural crops. In fact, growing trees alongside crops is known to improve both the productivity and sustainability of the land. However, due to high labour-input requirements, high costs of establishment, and delayed revenue returns, trees are often not economically attractive to landholders. Because of the Kyoto Protocol, and the growing emphasis on market-based solutions to environmental problems, the ability of trees to sequester and store CO2 has altered the economic landscape of agroforestry systems. The economic and management implications of carbon-sequestration payments on agroforestry systems are addressed in this study using a bioeconomic modelling approach. An agroforestry system in Indonesia is simulated using a biophysical process model. A general economic analysis of this system, from the standpoint of individual landholders, is then developed and the implications for management and policy are discussed.
Demo 4 - Mario Montagud, Isaac Fraile, Einar Meyerson, Sergi Fernández
Creators: name: Montagud, Mario
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 80111 Virtual Reality and Related Simulation
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Title: Open-Source Accessibility-Enabled VR360 Player
Authors: Mario Montagud, Isaac Fraile, Einar Meyerson, Sergi Fernández
Modelling Water Use in Thailand
Creators: name: Piyanuch, Wuttisorn
name: MacAulay, T. Gordon
name: Batterham, Robert L.
name: Piyanuch, Wuttisorn
name: MacAulay, T. Gordon
name: Batterham, Robert L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: water use
subject: spatial equilibrium model
subject: Thailand

description: In this paper a model is proposed for analysing alternative policies that might be used in allocating water in Thailand. The model used is an integration of farm linear programming models with a spatial equilibrium model, using the so-called price-linked farm and spatial model (Batterham and MacAulay, 1994). A method of linking spatial equilibrium models and linear programming representations of farm models via the demand side as opposed to the supply side is outlined in this paper. A case study is made of the Chao Phraya Delta, an area that is progressively challenged by competing claims for water use and which needs to better allocate water resources.
Theoretical Study of Intramolecular H-Migration Reactions of Peroxyl Radicals of JP-10 (Exo-Tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene)
Creators: name: Min, Jie
name: Tan, NingXin
name: Li, ZeRong
name: Wang, JingBo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Intramolecular H-migration reactions of peroxyl radicals of JP-10 (C10H15OO•) play an important role in developing the oxidation mechanism of JP-10 at low temperature. However, accurate rate coefficients for these reactions are lacking in the literature. Therefore, 33 H-migration reactions of C10H15OO•, which belong to six series of reactions, were investigated. Quantum chemical computations at the CBS-QB3 level reveal that C10H15OO• do not obey the rule that the energy barrier of 1,4-H migration reaction is higher than that of 1,5-H migration reaction because of the special steric cyclic structure of C10H15OO• and the ring strain in the transition state. The transition state theory and Rice-Ramsberger-Kassel-Marcus/Master-Equation theory were used to obtain high-pressure limit rate coefficients and pressure-dependent rate coefficients, respectively. The results show that H-migration reactions of C10H15OO• have obvious pressure-dependent effect. The most competitive reaction was obtained among 33 reactions. Moreover, branching ratios of each series of reactions were used as weight ratios to lump this series of reactions. Six series of reactions were lumped as six lumped reactions by the isomer lumping method. This will provide accurate rate coefficients for constructing a mechanism with the low number of species and suitability for computational fluid dynamics simulation.
Hot tearing predictions in direct chill cast aluminum AA5182 ingots
Creators: name: Phillion, André
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Hot tearing is a major industrial problem because it affects both the quality and productivity of the casting process. These defects form in the last stage of the solidification sequence, in a region where the grains are surrounded by a continuous film of liquid and so they cannot sustain tensile strain. The application of strain can cause the metal to fail in the region between the dendrites, creating a hot tear. Previously, many researchers have focused their attention on hot tearing in cylindrical billets. With the development of a coupled thermal - stress finite element model of the aluminum Direct Chill (DC) ingot casting process at UBC, both hot tearing susceptibility and criteria validation can now be investigated in ingots of rectangular cross-section using the temperature, stress, and strain fields predicted by this process model. Two hot tearing criteria have been implemented into the DC ingot casting model: Pellini's Total Strain criterion, in which the strain accumulated during solidification is compared to a critical value, and the RDG Hot Tearing criterion, in which the magnitude of the pressure drop in the liquid due to volumetric shrinkage and mechanical loading is an indication of hot tearing susceptibility. To investigate the hot tearing predictions, two castings have been simulated - a non typical hot cast, and a non typical cold cast. It is the cold cast which is prone to hot tearing. The strain fields in the cold cast clearly show that there is a high accumulation of tensile strain during solidification on the rolling face, just above the ingot lip. This is also the region where hot tears are observed industrially. There is good agreement between the hot tearing predictions made by the Total Strain criterion, and industry observations. Using the strain predictions from the cold cast simulation, this criterion predicts a region prone to hot tearing in the middle third of the rolling face, in the start-up phase. In this critical region, the plastic strain accumulated during solidification exceeds the ductility limit at a temperature of about 575°C. Both further up the ingot, and out towards the edge of the rolling face, the plastic strain accumulated during solidification was less than the ductility limit. The conditions in the hot cast were such that the predicted plastic strain during solidification on the rolling face was also always less than the ductility limit. In contrast, there is poor agreement between the hot tearing predictions made by the RDG criterion and industry observations. In both the hot and cold cast simulations, the region predicted to be most susceptible to hot tearing is the steady-state phase, where hot tearing was not observed to occur.
Greenhouse gas emissions from livestock production
Creators: name: Saunders, Caroline M.
name: Wreford, Anita
name: Saunders, Caroline M.
name: Wreford, Anita
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Agricultural production system
subject: greenhouse gas emissions
subject: partial equilibrium trade model

description: Links between trade and the environment have aroused considerable interest, both in terms of the impact of trade liberalisation on the environment, and also the impact of environmental policy on production and trade. A key environmental concern is global warming. The agricultural sector both contributes to, and will be affected by, climate change. Various mitigation strategies have been proposed for agriculture, including a limit on animal numbers, and restrictions on Nitrogen fertiliser application. The effects of these mitigation options on production, trade and emissions are analysed in this paper, using a partial equilibrium, agricultural multi-country, multi-commodity trade model, extended to include production systems and GHG emissions.
Wake steering of multirotor wind turbines
Creators: name: Speakman, Gustav A.
name: Abkar, Mahdi
name: Martínez-Tossas, Luis A.
name: Bastankhah, Majid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, wake steering is applied to multirotor turbines to determine whether it has the potential to reduce wind plant wake losses. Through application of rotor yaw to multirotor turbines, a new degree of freedom is introduced to wind farm control such that wakes can be expanded, channelled, or redirected to improve inflow conditions for downstream turbines. Five different yaw configurations are investigated (including a baseline case) by employing large-eddy simulations (LES) to generate a detailed representation of the velocity field downwind of a multirotor wind turbine. Two lower-fidelity models from single-rotor yaw studies (curled-wake model and analytical Gaussian wake model) are extended to the multirotor case and their results are compared with the LES data. For each model, the wake is analysed primarily by examining wake cross sections at different downwind distances. Further quantitative analysis is carried out through characterisations of wake centroids and widths over a range of streamwise locations, and through a brief analysis of power production. Most significantly, it is shown that rotor yaw can have a considerable impact on both the distribution and magnitude of the wake velocity deficit, leading to power gains for downstream turbines. The lower-fidelity models show small deviation from the LES results for specific configurations; however, both are able to reasonably capture the wake trends over a large streamwise range.
Axial-vector form factors of the baryon decuplet with flavor SU(3) symmetry breaking
Creators: name: Jun, Yu-Son
name: Suh, Jung-Min
name: Kim, Hyun-Chul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The axial-vector form factors and axial-vector constants of the baryon decuplet are investigated within a pion mean-field approach, which is also known as the chiral quark-soliton model. Given an axial-vector current with a specified flavor, there are four different form factors of a decuplet baryon. When we consider the singlet, triplet, and octet axial-vector currents, we have twelve different form factors for each member of the baryon decuplet. We compute all these axial-vector form factors of the baryon decuplet, taking into account the rotational $1/N_c$ corrections and effects of flavor SU(3) symmetry breaking. We find that, for a given flavor, two of the form factors for a decuplet baryon are only independent within the present approach. We first examine properties of the axial-vector form factors of the $Δ^+$ isobar and $Ω^-$ hyperon. We also compare the results of the triplet axial-vector form factors of $Δ^+$ with those from lattice QCD and those of the present work for the axial-vector constants of the baryon decuplet with the lattice data. All the results for other members of the baryon decuplet are then presented. The results of the axial charges are compared with those of other works. The axial masses and axial radii are also discussed.
description: 31 pages, 14 figures
On a model with two zeros in the neutrino mass matrix
Creators: name: Grimus, W.
name: Lavoura, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a Majorana neutrino mass matrix $\mathcal{M}_ν$ with $(\mathcal{M}_ν)_{μμ} = (\mathcal{M}_ν)_{ττ} = 0$, in the basis where the charged-lepton mass matrix is diagonal. We show that this pattern for the lepton mass matrices can be enforced by extending the Standard Model with three scalar SU(2) triplets and by using a horizontal symmetry group $\mathbbm{Z}_4$. The Ma--Sarkar (type-II seesaw) mechanism leads to very small vacuum expectation values for the triplets, thus explaining the smallness of the neutrino masses; at the same time, that mechanism renders the physical scalars originating in the triplets very heavy. We show that the conditions $(\mathcal{M}_ν)_{μμ} = (\mathcal{M}_ν)_{ττ} = 0$ allow both for a normal neutrino mass spectrum and for an inverted one. In the first case, the neutrino masses must be larger than $0.1 {eV}$ and the atmospheric mixing angle $θ_{23}$ must be practically equal to $45^\circ$. In the second case, the product $\sin{θ_{13}} | \tan{2 θ_{23}} |$ must be of order one or larger, thus correlating the large or maximal atmospheric neutrino mixing with the smallness of the mixing angle $θ_{13}$.
description: 13 pages, no figures, plain LaTeX; one equation added, published references updated, final version for J. Phys. G
A Pfaffian-Hafnian analogue of Borchardt's identity
Creators: name: Ishikawa, Masao
name: Kawamuko, Hiroyuki
name: Okada, Soichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A10; 05A19; 05E05; 05E15

description: We present an identity which can be regarded as a Pfaffian-Hafnian analogue of Borchardt's identity and as a generalization of Schur's identity. We give a proof using the complex analysis.
description: 7 pages
Hydration mechanisms of magnesia-based refractory bricks
Creators: name: Zhou, Shuxin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Hydration of magnesia-based refractory bricks could occur during storage, during drying after installation, or in service, and the hydration would cause damage to refractory bricks and furnace linings. In order to understand the hydration mechanisms of magnesia-based refractories, three types of bricks were chosen: magnesia, magnesia-spinel and magnesiachrome bricks, and hydration tests were performed at 60 to 130°C in 98% relative humidity, water, and steam. The variation of the modulus of elasticity (MOE), determined by the impulse excitation technique (IET), as well as apparent porosity, air permeability, pore size and pore size distribution were correlated with the hydration data. The phase compositions and microstructure modifications were also studied on selected specimens by XRD and SEM/EDS. Based on the experimental results, a hydration model of "cylindrical pore model" was established and a hydration mechanism was suggested. The hydration takes place in three stages. In the first stage, which is controlled by chemical reaction, a film of brucite forms and MOE quickly increases. During the second stage, which is controlled by diffusion, the MOE gradually reaches a maximum value followed by a slow, decrease due to the formation of cracks on the film and weakening of grain boundaries until the MOE reaches the initial value. At this point, the third stage, corresponding to "dusting", starts to take place until the brick disintegrates. The results also indicate that the hydration rate increases with rising temperature and the CaO/SiO₂ ratio. The variations in permeability and porosity are opposite to that in MOE. A nondestructive method - IET to assess the hydration degree of magnesia-based refractory bricks was proposed.
Tubipedia Kim & Boxshall 2020, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Kim, Il-Hoi
name: Boxshall, Geoff A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Copepoda
Cyclopoida
Notodelphyidae
Tubipedia

description: Tubipedia gen. nov.
Diagnosis. Body caterpillar-like, dorsoventrally depressed with defined cephalosome, metasome, and free urosome. Cephalosome small. Metasomeunsegmented, incorporatingfifth pedigerous somite. Free urosome 5- segmented, comprising genital somite and 4-segmented abdomen. Caudal ramus with 5 setae. Rostrum present. Antennule 5-segmented with distinct setae. Antenna 4- segmented, consistingof coxa, basis, and 2-segmented endopod; firstendopodal segment with 1 seta; terminal claw small. Mandible consisting of coxa and palp; medial margin of coxalgnathobase bearing 4 teeth only; palp comprising unarmed basis, exopod bearing 4 setae, and endopod bearing 4 setaeon first segment and 6 setae on second. Maxillule bilobed, armedwith 5 setaeon inner lobe (precoxal arthrite) and 6 setae on outer lobe (palp formed by fusion of basis, exopod and endopod). Maxilla short and broad, indistinctly 5-segmented, armed with 3, 2, 1, 1, and 2 setae on first to fifth segments, respectively. Maxilliped lobate, bearing 8 setae apically. Legs 1–4 biramous, each with unsegmented protopod; endopods rudimentary, markedly smaller than exopods, and tipped with 1 or 2 setae. Leg 1 with 2-segmented rami. Legs 2–4 each with 3-segmented exopod and lobate endopod; exopods tipped with tube-like structure. Leg 5 rudimentary, represented by small setae. Leg 6 absent.
Type and only species. Tubipedia anisocladia gen. et sp. nov. by original designation.
Etymology. The generic name is from the Latin tub (=a tube) and ped (=a foot), referring to the presence of a small tube on the exopods of legs 2–4. Gender feminine.
Remarks. The new genus shares a similar body form with Prophioseides Chatton & Brément, 1911 and Campodelphys gen. nov. (see below), but is readily distinguishable by the possession of a 4-segmented antenna bearing a seta on the first endopodal segment, and by the presence of 4 setae on the first endopodal segment of the mandibular palp. The presence of the tubelike structure on the apex of the exopod of legs 2–4 is an autapomorphy which serves to separate Tubipedia gen. nov. from all other genera in the Notodelphyidae.
description: Published as part of Kim, Il-Hoi & Boxshall, Geoff A., 2020, Untold diversity: the astonishing species richness of the Notodelphyidae (Copepoda: Cyclopoida), a family of symbiotic copepods associated with ascidians (Tunicata), pp. 1-6 in Megataxa 4 (1) on page 580, DOI: 10.11646/megataxa.4.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4591138
Experiments with a LoRaWAN-Based Remote ID System for Locating Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs)
Creators: name: Ghubaish, Ali
name: Salman, Tara
name: Jain, Raj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) of the United States is considering Remote ID systems for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). These systems act as license plates used on automobiles, but they transmit information using radio waves. To be useful, the transmissions in such systems need to reach long distances to minimize the number of ground stations to capture these transmissions. LoRaWAN is designed as a cheap long-range technology to be used for long-range communication for the Internet of Things. Several manufacturers make LoRaWAN modules, which are readily available on the market and are, therefore, ideal for the UAVs Remote IDs at a low cost. In this paper, we present our experiences in using LoRaWAN technology as a communication technology. Our experiments to identify and locate the UAV systems uncovered several issues of using LoRaWAN in such systems that are documented in this paper. Using several ground stations, we can determine the location of a UAV equipped with a LoRaWAN module that transmits the UAV Remote ID. Hence, it can help identify UAVs that unintentionally, or intentionally, fly into restricted zones.
description: 11 pages
Farming Systems in Swampland Ecosystems: A case study in South Borneo, Indonesia
Creators: name: Yanti, Nuri Dewi
name: Lumley, Sarah
name: Rumley, Dennis
name: Yanti, Nuri Dewi
name: Lumley, Sarah
name: Rumley, Dennis
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: swampland ecosystem
subject: farming systems
subject: transmigration
subject: Indonesia.

description: In Indonesia, agriculture makes a significant contribution to the economy. The sector generates about twenty percent of gross domestic product (GDP), is a major employer, and produces foreign exchange from non-oil exports. However, with increased population pressure, especially in the densely populated island of Java, the area of land for agriculture has decreased and cultivation has been forced to expand to marginal land outside Java. To facilitate expansion, the Indonesian government carried out a long-term transmigration programme, which was intended to distribute people from the crowded inner islands of Java and Bali. In Southern Borneo, some of transmigrants are settled on tidal swampland. Because the characteristics of swampland are different from the agricultural land of Java, an appropriate farming system should be employed to accommodate their unique environmental conditions. This paper aims to assess the existing farming systems of indigenous farmers in South Borneo and to compare these with transmigrant farming systems in two different types of swamplands on the island.
Intrinsic 2D-XY ferromagnetism in a van der Waals monolayer
Creators: name: Bedoya-Pinto, Amilcar
name: Ji, Jing-Rong
name: Pandeya, Avanindra
name: Gargiani, Pierluigi
name: Valvidares, Manuel
name: Sessi, Paolo
name: Radu, Florin
name: Chang, Kai
name: Parkin, Stuart
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Long before the recent fascination with two-dimensional materials, the critical behaviour and universality scaling of phase transitions in low-dimensional systems has been a topic of great interest. Particularly intriguing is the case of long-range magnetic order in two dimensions, once considered to be excluded in systems with continuous symmetry by the Hohenberg-Mermin-Wagner theorem. While an out-of-plane anisotropy has been shown to stabilize 2D magnetic order, this proof has remained elusive for a 2D magnet with in-plane rotational symmetry. Here, we construct a nearly ideal easy-plane system, a CrCl3 monolayer grown on Graphene/6H-SiC (0001), and unambiguously demonstrate robust in-plane ferromagnetic ordering with a critical scaling behaviour characteristic of a 2D-XY system. These observations suggest the first realization of a finite-size Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) phase transition in a large-area, quasi-freestanding, van der Waals monolayer magnet with a XY universality class; and further constitute an ideal platform to study exotic phenomena like superfluid spin transport or 2D topological in-plane spin textures -- such as merons.
The BAT-Swift Science Software
Creators: name: Palmer, D. M.
name: Fenimore, E.
name: Galassi, M.
name: McLean, K.
name: Tavenner, T.
name: Barthelmy, S.
name: Blau, M.
name: Cummings, J.
name: Gehrels, N.
name: Hullinger, D.
name: Krimm, H.
name: Markwardt, C.
name: Ong, R. Mason. J.
name: Polk, J.
name: Parsons, A.
name: Shackleford, L.
name: Tueller, J.
name: Wallings, S.
name: Okada, Y.
name: Takahashi, H.
name: Toshiro, M.
name: Suzuki, M.
name: Sato, G.
name: Takahashi, T.
name: Watanabe, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The BAT instrument tells the Swift satellite where to point to make immediate follow-up observations of GRBs. The science software on board must efficiently process gamma-ray events coming in at up to 34 kHz, identify rate increases that could be due to GRBs while disregarding those from known sources, and produce images to accurately and rapidly locate new Gamma-ray sources.
description: 4 pages, no figures, to appear in Santa Fe proceedings "Gamma-Ray Bursts: 30 Years of Discovery", Fenimore and Galassi (eds), AIP, 2004
Synchronization conditions in the Kuramoto model and their relationship to seminorms
Creators: name: Bronski, Jared C.
name: Carty, Thomas E.
name: DeVille, Lee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34C15, 34D06, 52A20, 60F17

description: In this paper we address two questions about the synchronization of coupled oscillators in the Kuramoto model with all-to-all coupling. In the first part we use some classical results in convex geometry to prove bounds on the size of the frequency set supporting the existence of stable, phase locked solutions and show that the set of such frequencies can be expressed by a seminorm which we call the Kuramoto norm. In the second part we use some ideas from extreme order statistics to compute upper and lower bounds on the probability of synchronization for very general frequency distributions. We do so by computing exactly the limiting extreme value distribution of a quantity that is equivalent to the Kuramoto norm.
description: Keywords: Kuramoto model, convex analysis, permutahedron, extreme-value statistics
Valuing Western Australia’s Recreational Fisheries
Creators: name: Zhang, Jing
name: Hertzler, Greg
name: Burton, Michael P.
name: Zhang, Jing
name: Hertzler, Greg
name: Burton, Michael P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Production Economics
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Recreational fishing
subject: Random utility model
subject: Non-market valuation

description: Australia by using the data from the newly finished National Survey of Recreational Fishing (2000/2001)(NSRF). There are a number of findings. 1. Socio-economic characteristics of anglers didn’t affect their catch of high quality fish (prize fish, reef fish or key-sport fish) as much as their catch of low quality fish (table fish and butter fish). 2. For a given trip, anglers were willing to pay $1.63, $26.03, $1.03 and $0.53 for the first prize fish, reef fish, key-sport fish or butter fish caught, respectively. 3. The top four valuable fishing sites in the survey period were Geraldton, Esperance, Albany and Broome, with annual access values of $6.45 million, $4.52 million, $3.47 million and $2.47 million, respectively. 4. The per trip estimates are of similar magnitude with those of USA studies.