cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The True Story of Why Chickens Cross The Road: Consumer Demand, Processor Growing Contracts and Market Regulation in the Australian Chicken Meat Industry
Creators: name: Ronan, Glenn
name: Cox, Greg
name: Howlett, Simon
name: Ronan, Glenn
name: Cox, Greg
name: Howlett, Simon
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: contract negotiation
subject: regulations
subject: dispute resolution

description: The Australian chicken meat industry is part of a worldwide marketing phenomenon where chickens are 'crossing the road' in record numbers in response to consumer demand and efficient 'farm to food' systems. Processor vertical integration is at the heart of system efficiency, with farmer growing services secured by exclusive contracts. However, vertically integrated “tied” growers have limited ability to enter into true negotiations with processors, prompting the search for a scheme that balances the need to foster true negotiation against market freedom and compliance with National Competition Policy. This paper briefly compares the range of legislation regulating the chicken meat industry in Australia and provides an in-depth discussion of the merits of a South Australian Bill, the Chicken Meat Industry Bill, to replace the Poultry Meat Industry Act.
Active Space Pair 2-Electron Reduced Density Matrix Theory for Strong Correlation
Creators: name: Head-Marsden, Kade
name: Mazziotti, David A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An active space variational calculation of the 2-electron reduced density matrix (2-RDM) is derived and implemented where the active orbitals are correlated within the pair approximation. The pair approximation considers only doubly occupied configurations of the wavefunction which enables the calculation of the 2-RDM at a computational cost of $\mathcal{O}(r^3)$. Calculations were performed both with the pair active space configuration interaction (PASCI) method and the pair active space self consistent field (PASSCF) method. The latter includes a mixing of the active and inactive orbitals through unitary transformations. The active-space pair 2-RDM method is applied to the nitrogen molecule, the p-benzyne diradical, a newly synthesized BisCobalt complex, and the nitrogenase cofactor FeMoco. The FeMoco molecule is treated in a [120,120] active space. Fractional occupations are recovered in each of these systems, indicating the detection and recovery of strong electron correlation.
Optical emission from GRB 050709: a short/hard GRB in a star forming galaxy
Creators: name: Covino, S.
name: Malesani, D.
name: Israel, G. L.
name: D'Avanzo, P.
name: Antonelli, L. A.
name: Chincarini, G.
name: Fugazza, D.
name: Conciatore, M. L.
name: Della Valle, M.
name: Fiore, F.
name: Guetta, D.
name: Hurley, K.
name: Lazzati, D.
name: Stella, L.
name: Tagliaferri, G.
name: Vietri, M.
name: Campana, S.
name: Burrows, D. N.
name: D'Elia, V.
name: Filliatre, P.
name: Gehrels, N.
name: Goldoni, P.
name: Melandri, A.
name: Mereghetti, S.
name: Mirabel, I. F.
name: Moretti, A.
name: Nousek, J. A.
name: O'Brien, P. T.
name: Pellizza, L. J.
name: Perna, R.
name: Piranomonte, S.
name: Romano, P.
name: Zerbi, F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present optical observations of the short/hard gamma-ray burst GRB 050709, the first such event with an identified optical counterpart. The object is coincident with a weak X-ray source and is located inside a galaxy at redshift z = 0.1606 +- 0.0002. Multiband photometry allowed us to study the broad-band spectral energy distribution. Late-time monitoring places strong limits on any supernova simultaneous with the GRB. The host galaxy is not of early type. Spectra show that the dominant stellar population is relatively young (~ 1 Gyr), and that ongoing star formation is present at a level of 2-3 (L/L*) Msun/yr. This is at least 2 orders of magnitude larger than that observed in the elliptical hosts of the short GRB 050509B and GRB 050724. This shows that at least some short GRBs originate in a young population. Short/hard GRB models based on the merger of a binary degenerate system are compatible with the host galaxy characteristics, although there is still the possibility of a connection between young stars and at least a fraction of such events.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in A&A Letters
Management and outcome after a fall : a 6-month prospective study of 54 older men and women presenting to the emergency department
Creators: name: Salter, Allison Elizabeth
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Objective: To prospectively compare the care received by 54 older adults after an emergency department (ED) fall presentation with the recommended 'Guideline Care' as published by the American Geriatrics Society (AGS). Secondary objectives include a longitudinal description and change evaluation of this cohort's fall risk profile, functional status, balance confidence, prevalence of depression, physical activity and living arrangements. Design: 6-month prospective observational study. Participants and Setting: 54 men and women aged 70 years or older who were discharged back to the community after presenting to the Vancouver General Hospital ED with a fall-related complaint. Measurements: AGS Guideline care was documented by chart review and questionnaires. Physiological characteristics were measured by Lord's Physiological Profile Assessment (PPA). Functional status, balance confidence, depression, physical activity and other factors were measured by validated questionnaires. Results: This cohort of fallers who presented to the ED did not receive AGS Guideline Care; only two participants received care consistent with AGS guidelines. Baseline physiological fall-risk scores classified the population at 1.7 SD higher risk than a 65-yr old comparison group and the mean fall-risk score increased (i.e., greater risk of falls) (1.7 ± 1.6 vs. 2.2 ± 1.6, p < 0.000) during the 6-month followup period. Also, functional ability (100 (15) vs. 95 (25), p= 0.002), balance confidence (82.5 (44.4) vs. 71.3 (58.7), p < 0.000) and depression (0 (2) vs. 0 (3), p < 0.000) all worsened over 6 months. Within 6 months of the index ED visit, 5 participants had suffered 6 fall-related fractures. Summary & Conclusion: Medical care of older people who fall and are not admitted to hospital is inconsistent with the AGS Guidelines. This research is the first to prospectively highlight a gap in care of this high-risk group. As fallers who present to the ED constitute a population at high risk of future fracture, this thesis highlights the need for interventions that will address the gap in care that I have identified.
Webs of integrable theories
Creators: name: Georgiou, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an intuitive diagrammatic representation of a new class of integrable $\s$-models. It is shown that to any given diagram corresponds an integrable theory that couples $N$ WZW models with a certain number of each of the following four fundamental integrable models, the PCM, the YB model, both based on a group $G$, the isotropic $\s$-model on the symmetric space $G/H$ and the YB model on the symmetric space $G/H$. To each vertex of a diagram we assign the matrix of one of the aforementioned fundamental integrable theories. Any two vertices may be connected with a number of lines having an orientation and carrying an integer level $k_i$. Each of these lines is associated with an asymmetrically gauged WZW model at an arbitrary level $k_i$. Gauge invariance of the full action is translated to level conservation at the vertices. We also show how to immediately read from the diagrams the corresponding $\s$-model actions. The most generic of these models depends on at least $n^2+1$ parameters, where $n$ is the total number of vertices/fundamental integrable models. Finally, we discuss the case where the level conservation at the vertices is relaxed and the case where the deformation matrix is not diagonal in the space of integrable models.
description: 28 pages, 3 figures,v2: extended discussion on the integrability of the theories is added, v3: version accepted in Nucl. Phys. B
Deciding with long-term environmental impacts: what role for discounting?
Creators: name: Schilizzi, Steven
name: Schilizzi, Steven
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: The problem of how to discount values in the far future is reviewed, and shown to lead down a blind alley. An alternative is proposed that allows long term consequences to be addressed by decisions using a relatively short term time horizon. A simple model investigating the optimal containment of radioactive waste in a deterministic world is used to show that current generations can indeed cater for the interests of the far future while optimising over the short term; however, this is not always possible. The proposed method seems to address most of the critiques of long term discounting found in the literature.
The impact of property rates on agricultural land, focusing on Mpumalanga
Creators: name: Reynolds, Sanri
name: Van Schoor, Melt
name: Reynolds, Sanri
name: Van Schoor, Melt
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Computable General Equilibrium Models

description: Municipalities across the country are in the process of implementing property rates on all property, following the Local Government: Property Rates Act (2004) that came into effect on 1 July 2005. This study investigates the economic impact of property rates on agricultural land, using a static computable general equilibrium model. The direct and indirect effects of property rates on the macro-economy, factor incomes, household welfare, prices and agricultural output are discussed. The results indicate that the impact of raising property rates depends on the use made of the additional revenue by government. There is a small negative impact on the economy and the overall welfare of households decline if government spends the additional revenue. On the other hand, if government allows a compensating reduction in sales taxes, the impact on the economy is positive and the overall welfare of households increase. However, the welfare of households in Mpumulanga declines irrespective of the use made of the revenue. Introducing property rates has a marginal progressive impact on the welfare of households in the event of an increase in government expenditure or a reduction in sales taxes. Property rates do not influence prices directly and, irrespective of the use made of the revenue, the impact on production and resource allocation is limited.
The arrow of time across five centuries of classical music
Creators: name: González-Espinoza, Alfredo
name: Martínez-Mekler, Gustavo
name: Lacasa, Lucas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The concept of time series irreversibility -- the degree by which the statistics of signals are not invariant under time reversal -- naturally appears in non-equilibrium physics in stationary systems which operate away from equilibrium and produce entropy. This concept has not been explored to date in the realm of musical scores as these are typically short sequences whose time reversibility estimation could suffer from strong finite size effects which preclude interpretability. Here we show that the so-called Horizontal Visibility Graph method -- which recently was shown to quantify such statistical property even in non-stationary signals -- is a method that can estimate time reversibility of short symbolic sequences, thus unlocking the possibility of exploring such properties in the context of musical compositions. Accordingly, we analyse over 8000 musical pieces ranging from the Renaissance to the early Modern period and certify that, indeed, most of them display clear signatures of time irreversibility. Since by construction stochastic processes with a linear correlation structure (such as 1/f noise) are time reversible, we conclude that musical compositions have a considerably richer structure, that goes beyond the traditional properties retrieved by the power spectrum or similar approaches. We also show that musical compositions display strong signs of nonlinear correlations, that nonlinearity is correlated to irreversibility, and that these are also related to asymmetries in the abundance of musical intervals, which we associate to the narrative underpinning a musical composition. These findings provide tools for the study of musical periods and composers, as well as criteria related to music appreciation and cognition.
Chiral Condensates, Q_7 and Q_8 Matrix Elements and Large-N_c QCD
Creators: name: Friot, Samuel
name: Greynat, David
name: De Rafael, Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The correlation function of a $V-A$ current with a $V+A$ current is discussed within the framework of QCD in the limit of a large number of colours $N_c$. Applications to the evaluation of chiral condensates of dimension six and higher, as well as to the matrix elements of the $Q_7$ and $Q_8$ electroweak penguin operators are discussed. A critical comparison with previous determinations of the same parameters has also been made.
description: Layout modified, size of first figure corrected
The impact of property rates on agricultural land, focusing on North West
Creators: name: Reynolds, Sanri
name: Van Schoor, Melt
name: Reynolds, Sanri
name: Van Schoor, Melt
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Computable General Equilibrium Models

description: Municipalities across the country are in the process of implementing property rates on all property, following the Local Government: Property Rates Act (2004) that came into effect on 1 July 2005. This study investigates the economic impact of property rates on agricultural land, using a static computable general equilibrium model. The direct and indirect effects of property rates on the macro-economy, factor incomes, household welfare, prices and agricultural output are discussed. The results indicate that the impact of raising property rates depends on the use made of the additional revenue by government. There is a small negative impact on the economy and the overall welfare of households decline if government spends the additional revenue. On the other hand, if government allows a compensating reduction in sales taxes, the impact on the economy is positive and the overall welfare of households increase. However, the welfare of households in North West declines irrespective of the use made of the revenue. Introducing property rates has a marginal progressive impact on the welfare of households in the event of an increase in government expenditure or a reduction in sales taxes. Property rates do not influence prices directly and, irrespective of the use made of the revenue, the impact on production and resource allocation is limited.
Two loop MSbar gluon pole mass from the LCO formalism
Creators: name: Gracey, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the pole mass of the gluon in QCD from the local composite operator formalism at two loops in the MSbar renormalization scheme. For Yang-Mills theory an estimate of the mass at two loops is 2.13 Lambda_MSbar.
description: 16 latex pages
Experimental quantum decoherence control by dark states of the environment
Creators: name: Stárek, Robert
name: Mičuda, Michal
name: Straka, Ivo
name: Nováková, Martina
name: Dušek, Miloslav
name: Ježek, Miroslav
name: Fiurášek, Jaromír
name: Filip, Radim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coherent interaction of a quantum system with environment usually induces quantum decoherence. However, remarkably, in certain configurations the coherent system-environment coupling can be simultaneously explored to engineer a specific dark state of the environment that eliminates the decoherence. Here we report on experimental demonstration of such protocol for suppression of quantum decoherence by quantum decoherence itself. The protocol is based on indirect control of the environment via quantum measurements on quantum probes interacting with the environment prior to the system that should be protected. No direct manipulation with the environment is required to suppress the decoherence. In our proof-of-principle experiment, we demonstrate protection of a single qubit coupled to another single qubit. We implement the required quantum circuits with linear optics and single photons, which allows us to maintain very high degree of control and flexibility in the experiment. Our results clearly confirm the decoherence suppression achieved by the protocol and pave the way to its application to other physical platforms.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
The impact of property rates on agricultural land, focusing on Gauteng
Creators: name: Reynolds, Sanri
name: Van Schoor, Melt
name: Reynolds, Sanri
name: Van Schoor, Melt
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Computable General Equilibrium Models

description: Municipalities across the country are in the process of implementing property rates on all property, following the Local Government: Property Rates Act (2004) that came into effect on 1 July 2005. This study investigates the economic impact of property rates on agricultural land, using a static computable general equilibrium model. The direct and indirect effects of property rates on the macro-economy, factor incomes, household welfare, prices and agricultural output are discussed. The results indicate that the impact of raising property rates depends on the use made of the additional revenue by government. There is a small negative impact on the economy and the overall welfare of households decline if government spends the additional revenue. On the other hand, if government allows a compensating reduction in sales taxes, the impact on the economy is positive and the overall welfare of households increase. This is also true for total welfare of households residing in Gauteng. Introducing property rates has a marginal progressive impact on the welfare of households in the event of an increase in government expenditure or a reduction in sales taxes. Property rates do not influence prices directly and, irrespective of the use made of the revenue, the impact on production and resource allocation is limited.
The impact of an increase in wine industry exports on the South African economy, focusing on the Western Cape
Creators: name: McDonald, Scott
name: Punt, Cecilia
name: Bhanisi, Sipho
name: McDonald, Scott
name: Punt, Cecilia
name: Bhanisi, Sipho
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Computable General Equilibrium Models
subject: Agriculture in International Trade

description: A marketing strategy undertaken by role players in the wine industry is expected to lead to increases in South African wine exports. A multi-sector analysis, which takes into account the linkage effects in an economy, was conducted to estimate the impact of an increase in wine exports on the South African economy. The increase in wine exports will be the result of changed perceptions and hence increases in the export price faced by South African wine producers. Results of a 10% increase in the international wine price indicated an increase of 0.1% in gross domestic product (GDP). The general positive effect on the economy is reflected by the creation of 5 824 employment opportunities, of which 20% is in the Western Cape. Factor incomes shows varied results, but are positive for all five labour groups identified in the Western Cape (increase between 0.11 and 0.16%). Domestic production of wine increases by 4.5%, while the volume of exports increases by 26.7% and domestic sales volume by 1.45%. When comparing long-run and short-run results it becomes evident that capital might be a binding constraint over the short-run, but seen in the light that in practice the increase in the international price will not happen overnight, this becomes less of an obstacle. A successful marketing strategy is likely to cause additional investment in the industry.
Additional file 1 of Healthy aging through the lens of community-based practitioners: a focus group study
Creators: name: Dev, Rubee
name: Zaslavsky, Oleg
name: Cochrane, Barbara
name: Eagen, Thomas
name: Woods, Nancy F.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary file 1. Sample focus group discussion questions.
The Combination of Paradoxical, Uncertain, and Imprecise Sources of Information based on DSmT and Neutro-Fuzzy Inference
Creators: name: Smarandache, Florentin
name: Dezert, Jean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.4

description: The management and combination of uncertain, imprecise, fuzzy and even paradoxical or high conflicting sources of information has always been, and still remains today, of primal importance for the development of reliable modern information systems involving artificial reasoning. In this chapter, we present a survey of our recent theory of plausible and paradoxical reasoning, known as Dezert-Smarandache Theory (DSmT) in the literature, developed for dealing with imprecise, uncertain and paradoxical sources of information. We focus our presentation here rather on the foundations of DSmT, and on the two important new rules of combination, than on browsing specific applications of DSmT available in literature. Several simple examples are given throughout the presentation to show the efficiency and the generality of this new approach. The last part of this chapter concerns the presentation of the neutrosophic logic, the neutro-fuzzy inference and its connection with DSmT. Fuzzy logic and neutrosophic logic are useful tools in decision making after fusioning the information using the DSm hybrid rule of combination of masses.
description: 20 pages
Household food security status in South Africa
Creators: name: Altman, M.
name: Hart, Tim G.B.
name: Jacobs, Peter T.
name: Altman, M.
name: Hart, Tim G.B.
name: Jacobs, Peter T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: food security
subject: social grants
subject: smallholder and subsistence production
subject: poverty

description: The Human Sciences Research Council has established a policy research initiative to monitor household food security and to identify and evaluate policy options. In this special edition, a selection of articles from this project is assembled. While deep chronic hunger has fallen with the expansion of the social grants, under-nutrition is a very serious and widespread challenge. This special edition draws together the best available evidence on household food security with the aim of stimulating wider debate.
Additional file 1 of Tumour-to-liver ratio determined by [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TOC PET/CT as a prognostic factor of lanreotide efficacy for patients with well-differentiated gastroenteropancreatic-neuroendocrine tumours
Creators: name: Yong-Il Kim
name: Changhoon Yoo
name: Oh, Seung Jun
name: Lee, Sang Ju
name: Junho Kang
name: Hee-Sang Hwang
name: Seung-Mo Hong
name: Baek-Yeol Ryoo
name: Ryu, Jin-Sook
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplemenatry Table 1. ROC curve analysis of [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TOC PET/CT variables for PFS after lanreotide therapy. Supplementary Table 2. Univariate analysis of [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TOC PET/CT variables for PFS after lanreotide therapy according to optimal cutoff of ROC curve analysis. Supplementary Table 3. Multivariate analysis of [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TOC PET/CT variables with ECOG performance according to optimal cutoff of ROC curve analysis.
Collision Dynamics at RHIC
Creators: name: Barannikova, Olga
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements of a variety of hadron species in Au+Au collisions at 200 GeV by the STAR experiment are used to investigate properties of such collisions. We present a study of particle yields and transverse momentum spectra within the framework of chemical and local kinetic equilibrium models. The extracted freeze-out properties are studied as function of collision centrality. Those properties together with inferred initial conditions provide insights about collision dynamics at RHIC.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures; to appear in the proceedings of the Lake Louise Winter Institute, held in Lake Louise, Alberta, Canada in February 2004
Unusual temperature evolution of band structure of Bi(111) studied by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and density functional theory
Creators: name: Sato, Takafumi
name: Yamada, Keiko
name: Kosaka, Takao
name: Souma, Seigo
name: Yamauchi, Kunihiko
name: Sugawara, Katsuaki
name: Oguchi, Tamio
name: Takahashi, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy of Bi(111) thin films grown on Si(111), and investigated the evolution of band structure with temperature. We revealed an unexpectedly large temperature variation of the energy dispersion for the Rashba-split surface state and the quantum-well states, as seen in the highly momentum-dependent energy shift as large as 0.1 eV. A comparison of the band dispersion between experiment and first-principles band-structure calculations suggests that the interlayer spacing at the topmost Bi bilayer expands upon temperature increase. The present study provides a new pathway for investigating the interplay between lattice and electronic states through the temperature dependence of band structure.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Exploring definitions of food insecurity and vulnerability: time to refocus assessments
Creators: name: Hart, Tim G.B.
name: Hart, Tim G.B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: high food prices
subject: livelihoods
subject: vulnerability
subject: food insecurity
subject: multidimensional stressors

description: Recent high food prices and changes in the world food situation are exacerbating the conditions of households that are vulnerable to food insecurity, especially those with weak livelihood strategies. To address the impact of these and other stressors it is necessary to develop a deeper understanding of concepts such as ‘vulnerability’ and ‘food insecurity’. This is challenging as both concepts are used rather loosely in the food security literature, despite both having at least two dimensions. Vulnerability has an external and internal dimension, and food insecurity has a temporal and intensity dimension. However, assessments are often only concerned with one dimension at a time. An exploration of the two concepts suggests that in both cases the dimensions need to be combined in order to understand the different interactions and the interconnections between different dimensions and the multiple levels of the systems in which they are embedded. This combination of dimensions is important for understanding the significant role that livelihoods play in the accumulation of assets and for accessing food. It makes the understanding of the multiple causes and consequences of vulnerability and food insecurity for different households clearer. Those households and individuals considered chronically poor or food-insecure are likely to experience severe food insecurity in the long-term, as a result of their weak livelihoods and minimal assets. Consequently, future studies on vulnerability to food insecurity should focus on these chronically food insecure households in order to determine the multidimensional nature of the stressors they experience and their ability to cope and adapt to these stressors. This would contribute to our understanding of the contexts in which the data from larger quantitative studies are embedded.
Additional file 2 of Longer-term recurrence rate after low versus high dose radioiodine ablation for differentiated thyroid Cancer in low and intermediate risk patients: a meta-analysis
Creators: name: I. Vardarli
name: F. Weidemann
name: M. Aboukoura
name: K. Herrmann
name: I. Binse
name: R. Görges
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2 Figure S1. Funnel plot of all included studies evaluating the longer-term recurrence in the low-activity versus high-activity 131-I group in patients with DTC, showing no indication for publication bias.
Does consciousness really collapse the wave function? A possible objective biophysical resolution of the measurement problem
Creators: name: Thaheld, Fred H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: An analysis has been performed of the theories and postulates advanced by von Neumann, London and Bauer, and Wigner, concerning the role that consciousness might play in the collapse of the wave function, which has become known as the measurement problem. This reveals that an error may have been made by them in the area of biology and its interface with quantum mechanics, when they called for the reduction of any superposition states in the brain through the mind or consciousness. Many years later Wigner changed his mind to reflect a simpler and more realistic objective position, expanded upon by Shimony, which appears to offer a way to resolve this issue. The argument is therefore made that the wave function of any superposed photon state or states is always objectively changed within the complex architecture of the eye in a continuous linear process initially for most of the superposed photons, followed by a discontinuous nonlinear collapse process later for any remaining superposed photons, thereby guaranteeing that only final, measured information is presented to the brain, mind or consciousness. An experiment to be conducted in the near future may enable us to simultaneously resolve the measurement problem and also determine if the linear nature of quantum mechanics is violated by the perceptual process.
description: 36 pages, 5 figures, Comment and references added to Sec. 4 regarding whether Spontaneous Localization or decoherence can lead to a single subjective outcome in the visual cortex
Projection method for eigenvalue problems of linear nonsquare matrix pencils
Creators: name: Morikuni, Keiichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: G.1.3; G.1.2
subject: 65F15, 65F50, 15A22, 15A18

description: Eigensolvers involving complex moments can determine all the eigenvalues in a given region in the complex plane and the corresponding eigenvectors of a regular linear matrix pencil. The complex moment acts as a filter for extracting eigencomponents of interest from random vectors or matrices. This study extends a projection method for regular eigenproblems to the singular nonsquare case, thus replacing the standard matrix inverse in the resolvent with the pseudoinverse. The extended method involves complex moments given by the contour integrals of generalized resolvents associated with nonsquare matrices. We establish conditions such that the method gives all finite eigenvalues in a prescribed region in the complex plane. In numerical computations, the contour integrals are approximated using numerical quadratures. The primary cost lies in the solutions of linear least squares problems that arise from quadrature points, and they can be readily parallelized in practice. Numerical experiments on large matrix pencils illustrate this method. The new method is more robust and efficient than previous methods, and based on experimental results, it is conjectured to be more efficient in parallelized settings. Notably, the proposed method does not fail in cases involving pairs of extremely close eigenvalues, and it overcomes the issue of problem size.
description: 21 pages, 1 figure
The star formation history of Seyfert 2 nuclei
Creators: name: Fernandes, R. Cid
name: Gu, Q.
name: Melnick, J.
name: Terlevich, E.
name: Terlevich, R.
name: Kunth, D.
name: Lacerda, R. Rodrigues
name: Joguet, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the stellar populations in the central ~ 200 pc of a large and homogeneous sample comprising 79 nearby galaxies, most of which are type 2 Seyferts. The star-formation history of these nuclei is reconstructed by means of state-of-the art population synthesis modeling of their spectra in the 3500--5200 A interval. A QSO-like featureless continuum (FC) is added to the models to account for possible scattered light from a hidden AGN. We find that: (1) The star-formation history of Seyfert 2 nuclei is remarkably heterogeneous: young starbursts, intermediate age, and old stellar populations all appear in significant and widely varying proportions. (2) A significant fraction of the nuclei show a strong FC component, but this FC is not always an indication of a hidden AGN: it can also betray the presence of a young, dusty starburst. (3) We detect weak broad Hbeta emission in several Seyfert 2s after cleaning the observed spectrum by subtracting the synthesis model. These are most likely the weak scattered lines from the hidden Broad Line Region envisaged in the unified model, given that in most of these cases independent spectropolarimetry data finds a hidden Seyfert 1. (4) The FC strengths obtained by the spectral decomposition are substantially larger for the Seyfert 2s which present evidence of broad lines, implying that the scattered non-stellar continuum is also detected. (5) There is no correlation between the star-formation in the nucleus and either the central or overall morphology of the parent galaxies.
description: 25 pages, 20 figs, MNRAS accepted
Exploring Statistics South Africa’s national household surveys as sources of information about household-level food security
Creators: name: Aliber, Michael
name: Aliber, Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: food security
subject: household survey
subject: hunger
subject: food expenditure
subject: Statistics South Africa

description: This article seeks to contribute to an understanding of household-level food security in South Africa using publicly available household survey data from Statistics South Africa. The two datasets that are used in particular are the General Household Survey, an annual household survey that began in 2002, and the Income and Expenditure Survey of 2005/06. Because these surveys are not designed for the analysis of household-level food security, it is not possible to do the kind of detailed analysis made possible by purpose-designed surveys. However these datasets have some value in respect of understanding food security, namely: large sample sizes; the depth of complementary types of information that assist in contextualising the experience of food insecurity and, in the case of the General Household Survey, regularity. Among the findings are a decline in the experience of hunger during the period 2002–2007, and significantly lower food expenditure per capita in rural areas, suggesting a greater extent of ‘self-provisioning’ than is commonly assumed.
Universal time delay in static spherically symmetric spacetimes for null and timelike signals
Creators: name: Liu, Haotian
name: Jia, Junji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A perturbative method to compute the total travel time of both null and lightlike rays in arbitrary static spherically symmetric spacetimes in the weak field limit is proposed. The resultant total time takes a quasi-series form of the impact parameter. The coefficient of this series at a certain order $n$ is shown to be determined by the asymptotic expansion of the metric functions to the order $n+1$. To the leading order(s), the time delay, as well as the difference between the time delays of two kinds of relativistic signals, is then shown to take a universal form for all SSS spacetimes. This universal form depends on the mass $M$ and a post-Newtonian parameter $γ$ of the spacetime. The analytical result is numerically verified using the central black hole of M87 as the gravitational lensing center.
description: 7 pages, 2 figure; added more explanation for some steps; typos corrected
Attention demands across extended practice of a bimanual coordination task
Creators: name: Bredin, Shannon Stephanie Deanne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Five experiments were conducted, the overall purpose of which was to examine the effects of practice on attention demands of a new bimanual coordination task. In Experiments 1-3 participants received 1, 000 trials to learn a 90° out-of-phase task. The secondary task from which attention demands were derived was probe reaction time (probe-RT). Although cognitive demands decreased with practice, results showed that performance of the 90° pattern continued to demand attention, even after extended practice. Similar results were found in Experiment 4 when examining the attentional costs of performing naturally occurring coordination tendencies (i.e., in-phase, anti-phase). These findings indicate that a minimal level of cognitive control is required for the execution of newly acquired bimanual coordination tasks, as well as for the performance of intrinsic coordination biases. These experiments also examined the influence of continuous on-line visual feedback on learning and attention demands. Individuals received concurrent visual feedback for 65% of each practice trial (Experiment 1) or for only 35% of each trial (Experiment 2). Results showed that participants were highly successful at producing the required task when visual feedback was available, but were less able to inhibit the influence of pre-practice biases whenever visual feedback was unavailable to guide performance. Experiment 3 examined the influence of manual guidance on performance of the 90° pattern under limited conditions of visual feedback. When participants' limbs were physically moved through the required movement via servo torque motors individuals were better able to break away from pre-existing tendencies. Finally, Experiment 5 revealed that probe-RT was slower when performing in the absence of visual feedback, in comparison to its presence. Attentional requirements also increased whenever the dominant source of feedback was changed within a trial, although adding visual feedback to the perceptual display resulted in only a temporary increase in probe-RT. In addition to examining the attention demands of bimanual coordination, these investigations highlight the importance of exploring instructional strategies that reduce the negative effects of pre-existing behavioural tendencies on the learning of new complex motor tasks.
A quantitative evaluation of metallic conduction in conjugated polymers
Creators: name: Martens, H. C. F.
name: Brom, H. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As the periodicity in crystalline materials creates the optimal condition for electronic delocalization, one might expect that in partially crystalline conjugated polymers delocalization is impeded by intergrain transport. However, for the best conducting polymers this presumption fails. Delocalization is obstructed by interchain rather than intergrain charge transfer and we propose a model of weakly coupled disordered chains to describe the physics near the metal-insulator transition. Our quantitative calculations match the outcome of recent broad-band optical experiments and provide a consistent explanation of metallic conduction in polymers.
description: 4 pages incl. 3 figures
Tails of the Density of States in a Random Magnetic Field
Creators: name: Mazzarello, Riccardo
name: Kettemann, Stefan
name: Kramer, Bernhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the tails of the density of states of fermions subject to a random magnetic field with non-zero mean with the Optimum Fluctuation Method (OFM). Closer to the centres of the Landau levels, the density of states is found to be Gaussian, whereas the energy dependence is non-analytic near the lower bound of the spectrum.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
The atomic-start description of NiO
Creators: name: Radwanski, R. J.
name: Ropka, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have calculated magnetic properties and the electronic structure of NiO both in the paramagnetic and in magnetically-ordered state as well as zero-temperature properties and thermodynamics within the strongly-correlated crystal-field approach. It is in agreement with a Mott's suggestion that NiO is an insulator due to strong electron correlations. We have quantified crystal-field, spin-orbit and magnetic interactions of the Ni2+ ion in NiO. We have obtained that E_dd >> E_CF(=2.0 eV) >> E_{s-o}(=0.29 eV) > E_mag(=0.07 eV). The orbital moment of 0.54 mu_B amounts at 0 K, in the magnetically-ordered state, to about 20% of the total moment (2.53 mu_B). Our studies indicate that it is the highest time to "unquench" orbital magnetic moment in 3d solid-state physics and the necessity to take always into account strong intra-atomic correlations among d electrons and the intra-atomic spin-orbit coupling. Pacs: 75.25.+z, 75.10.Dg Keywords: Crystalline Electric Field, 3d oxides, magnetism, spin-orbit coupling NiO
description: 4 pages in ReVTeX4, 4 figures
Fibonacci topological phase in arrays of anyonic chains
Creators: name: Ebisu, Hiromi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fibonacci anyon, an exotic quasi-particle excitation, plays a pivotal role in realization of a quantum computer. Starting from a $SU(2)_4$ topological phase, in this paper we demonstrate a way to construct a Fibonacci topological phase which has only one non-trivial excitation described by the Fibonacci anyon. We show that arrays of anyonic chains created by excitations of the $SU(2)_4$ phase leads to the Fibonacci phase. We further demonstrate that our theoretical propositions can be extended to other topological phases.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures
ESTILOS GERENCIAIS E OBJETIVOS DE AGRICULTORES DA REGIÃO NORTE DO ESTADO DO ESPÍRITO SANTO
Creators: name: Teixeira, Marcelo Brandao
name: Vale, Sonia Maria Leite Ribeiro Do
name: Teixeira, Marcelo Brandao
name: Vale, Sonia Maria Leite Ribeiro Do
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: management styles
subject: cluster analysis
subject: objectives

description: This work identified the management aspects of the decision making process of farmers in the Northern Region of Espirito Santo, Brazil, in 2006. Using a psychological approach, this study showed its importance in understanding farm management. The management styles and personal characteristics of the farmers and their farms were identified. The main areas of interest in management capacity improvement were also defined. This study found that family welfare is the main concern of decision makers in the Northern region of Espirito Santo, Brazil. Regarding management styles, four main styles were identified. Most of the farmers were interested in improving their management capacity through managerial training, especially the younger ones, preferably in courses given by specialists which include technical issues as well as managerial aspects such as planning. In this study it was concluded that management capacity components may provide an important support in investigating issues related to decision making.
Edge Computing For Smart Health: Context-aware Approaches, Opportunities, and Challenges
Creators: name: Abdellatif, Alaa Awad
name: Mohamed, Amr
name: Chiasserini, Carla Fabiana
name: Tlili, Mounira
name: Erbad, Aiman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Improving efficiency of healthcare systems is a top national interest worldwide. However, the need of delivering scalable healthcare services to the patients while reducing costs is a challenging issue. Among the most promising approaches for enabling smart healthcare (s-health) are edge-computing capabilities and next-generation wireless networking technologies that can provide real-time and cost-effective patient remote monitoring. In this paper, we present our vision of exploiting multi-access edge computing (MEC) for s-health applications. We envision a MEC-based architecture and discuss the benefits that it can bring to realize in-network and context-aware processing so that the s-health requirements are met. We then present two main functionalities that can be implemented leveraging such an architecture to provide efficient data delivery, namely, multimodal data compression and edge-based feature extraction for event detection. The former allows efficient and low distortion compression, while the latter ensures high-reliability and fast response in case of emergency applications. Finally, we discuss the main challenges and opportunities that edge computing could provide and possible directions for future research.