cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Efficient 1 GHz Ti:sapphire laser with improved broadband continuum in the infrared
Creators: name: Nogueira, Giovana T.
name: Cruz, Flavio C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a 1 GHz prismless femtosecond Ti:sapphire ring laser which emits 890 mW for 7.6W of pump power over a continuum extending from 585 to 1200 nm at -20 dB below the maximum. A broadband continuum is obtained without careful mirror dispersion compensation, with the net cavity group-delay-dispersion having -50 to +100 fs2 oscillations from 700 to 900 nm. Further broadening is obtained by use of a slightly convex cavity mirror that increases self-phase modulation. 17% (75%) of the intracavity (output) power is generated in single-pass through the crystal, outside the cavity bandwidth and concentrated in the low gain infrared region from 960 to 1200 nm. This laser seems well suited for optical frequency metrology, possibly allowing easier stabilization of the carrier-to-envelope offset frequency without use of photonic fibers.
title: Datenbewusstsein im Kontext digitaler Kompetenzen für einen selbstbestimmten Umgang mit datengetriebenen digitalen Artefakten
Creators: name: Höper, Lukas
name: Schulte, Carsten
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Digitale Kompetenzen
subject: Informatische Allgemeinbildung
subject: Datenbewusstsein
subject: datengetriebene digitale Artefakte

description: Im Alltag spielen datengetriebene digitale Artefakte eine immer größere Rolle, sie bestimmen und leiten uns in vielen Alltagssituationen. Bei der Interaktion mit diesenwerden massenhaft Daten erhoben, generiert und etwa durch die Verwendung von Technologien des maschinellen Lernens für verschiedene Zwecke automatisiert verarbeitet. Lernende haben jedoch oft kein adäquates Verständnis, wo, wie und wozu Daten von ihnen erhoben und verarbeitet werden, sind sich dieser Prozesse der Erhebung und Verarbeitung von Daten also oft nicht bewusst. Wir schlagen das Konzept Datenbewusstsein vor, womit die Rolle der aten im Alltag der Lernenden, also gerade in den Interaktionen mit datengetriebenen digitalen Artefakten, in den Mittelpunkt gestellt wird. Das Konzept Datenbewusstsein ordnet sich als Teil der nötigen digitalen Kompetenzen in der heutigen und zukünftigen digitalen Welt ein.
Many-Body Phases of a Planar Bose-Einstein Condensate with Cavity-Induced Spin-Orbit Coupling
Creators: name: Ostermann, Stefan
name: Ritsch, Helmut
name: Mivehvar, Farokh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the many-body phases of a two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate with cavity-mediated dynamic spin-orbit coupling. By the help of two transverse non-interfering, counterpropagating pump lasers and a single standing-wave cavity mode, two degenerate Zeeman sub-levels of the quantum gas are Raman coupled in a double-$Λ$-configuration. Beyond a critical pump strength the cavity mode is populated via coherent superradiant Raman scattering from the two pump lasers, leading to the appearance of a dynamical spin-orbit coupling for the atoms. We identify three quantum phases with distinct atomic and photonic properties: the normal ``homogeneous'' phase, the superradiant ``spin-helix'' phase, and the superradiant ``supersolid spin-density-wave'' phase. The latter exhibits an emergent periodic atomic density distribution with an orthorhombic centered rectangular-lattice structure due to the interplay between the coherent photon scattering into the resonator and the collision-induced momentum coupling. The transverse lattice spacing of the emergent crystal is set by the dynamic spin-orbit coupling.
title: Towards a certification scheme for IoT security evaluation
title: Workshop paper on Industrial Automation and Control Systems (IACS)
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Barakat, Raman
name: Catal, Faruk
name: Hackel, Sascha
name: Rennoch, Axel
name: Schneider, Martin A.
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: IoT
subject: security
subject: evaluation
subject: testing
subject: certification

description: Many European and international standardization bodies and industrial organizations do provide more or less detailed specification catalogues addressing IoT product security requirements, test cases and evaluation methods. In this contribution, a dedicated set of relevant standards, guides and recommendations which recently have been recognized by the European Union Agency for Cybersecurity (ENISA) will be introduced. Special attention is given to their contribution for the security evaluation process and the product quality itself, including the level of details regarding their suitability for test definition and execution.
On the changes in number and intensity of North Atlantic tropical cyclones
Creators: name: Briggs, William M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bayesian statistical models were developed for the number of tropical cyclones and the rate at which these cyclones became hurricanes in the North Atlantic. We find that, controlling for the cold tongue index and the North Atlantic oscillation index, there is high probability that the number of cyclones has increased in the past thirty years; but the rate at which these storms become hurricanes appears to be constant. We also investigate storm intensity by measuring the distribution of individual storm lifetime in days, storm track length, and Emanuel's power dissiptation index. We find little evidence that the distribution of individual storm intensity is changing through time. Any increase in cumulative yearly storm intensity and potential destructiveness, therefore, is due to the increasing number of storms and not due to any increase in the intensity of individual storms.
description: 24 pages, 9 figures
Classifying blazar candidates from the 3FGL unassociated catalog into BL Lacs and FSRQs using Swift and WISE data
Creators: name: Kaur, Amanpreet
name: Falcone, Abraham D.
name: Stroh, Michael C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We utilize machine learning methods to distinguish BL Lacertae objects (BL Lac) from Flat Spectrum Radio Quasars (FSRQ) within a sample of likely X-ray blazar counterparts to Fermi 3FGL unassociated gamma-ray sources. From our previous work, we have extracted 84 sources that were classified as $\geq$ 99% likley to be blazars. We then utilize Swift$-$XRT, Fermi, and WISE (The Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer) data together to distinguish the specific type of blazar, FSRQs or BL Lacs. Various X-ray and Gamma-ray parameters can be used to differentiate between these subclasses. These are also known to occupy different parameter space on the WISE color-color diagram. Using all these data together would provide more robust results for the classified sources. We utilized a Random Forest Classifier to calculate the probability for each blazar to be associated with a BL Lac or an FSRQ. Based on P$_{bll}$, which is the probability for each source to be a BL Lac, we placed our sources into five different categories based on this value as follows; P$_{bll}$ $\geq$ 99%: highly likely BL Lac, P$_{bll}$ $\geq$ 90%: likely BL Lac, P$_{bll}$ $\leq$ 1%: highly likely FSRQ, P$_{bll}$ $\leq$ 10%: likely FSRQ, and 90% $
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in AJ
title: VSC-3 – a summary of the experiences with an HPC system immersed in oil
Creators: name: Zabloudil, Jan
name: Haunschmid, Ernst
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: HPC
subject: Immersion Cooling
subject: Energy Efficiency

description: The electric energy consumed by computer systems is fully converted into heat, which needs to be removed from the system. As the internal temperature of processor chips is typically 80°C in operation and the temperature of the outside air hardly exceeds 45°C, a physicist would not easily understand, why heat pumps, consuming extra energy, are needed to remove heat to the outside. Traditional computer centers nevertheless consume copious amounts of extra electric energy to operate heat pumps. Consequently, various options for the efficient cooling of computers have been considered for several decades. Immersion cooling is an intriguingly simple option. You just find the right fluid and submerge the whole system in it. Then you only cool the fluid, which should be simple. There are, however, challenges to be met, which will be discussed. After several years of experiments with a small system, VSC-3 was procured as a full-scale immersion cooled system. Already at installation, several issues needed to be addressed, mostly concerning the compatibility of various submerged components with the fluid. Nevertheless, with some adaptions, the system got up and running. Due to the very simple hardware surrounding the nodes, the system had a very good price/performance ratio and, from a point of view of energy efficiency, the whole installation surpassed the expectations with an average PoE of 1.03. Additionally, roughly 10% of the energy consumption of a conventional system were saved by the absence of cooling fans. There were, however, serious downsides. First and foremost, the maintenance of VSC-3 was challenging to say the least. While compute nodes had hardly any problem, many other components suffered from the prolonged contact with hot fluid. Cables became stiff and some wicked oil outside the containers. Legions of InfiniBand switches failed for reasons, that will probably never be fully understood. Also, the containers and the oil installation were prototypes, leading to leakage. Ultimately, the question of the future of immersion cooled systems remains. Let’s assume, engineering problems can be solved without destroying the economic appeal of immersion cooling. The energy efficiency aspect will become more important in a greener future. The main problem, which remains to be solved, is the compatibility of computing components with the immersion fluid. Looking at VSC-3 as our main system for several years, we must however say, it served us very well. During it’s 6.5 years it delivered more than 1.25 billion core-hours to more than 700 projects.
Experimental Confirmation of Massive Dirac Fermions in Weak Charge-Ordering State in α-(BEDT-TTF)_2I_3
Creators: name: Yoshimura, Kenta
name: Sato, Mitsuyuki
name: Osada, Toshihito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electronic structure of weak charge-ordering (CO) state just below the critical pressure in an organic conductor α-(BEDT-TTF)_2I_3 was experimentally investigated using peak structure in the temperature dependence of interlayer magnetoresistance (MR). Based on a minimal model considering multiple Landau levels (LLs), we discuss herein the MR peak as characteristic to multilayer massless/massive Dirac fermion (DF) systems. MR measured in the weak CO state exhibited a clear MR peak, and its magnetic-field dependence was consistent with the LL behavior of a massive DF with a small gap. Results indicate that the weak CO state in α-(BEDT-TTF)_2I_3 is a massive DF state.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures
James Clerk Maxwell and the dynamics of astrophysical discs
Creators: name: Ogilvie, Gordon I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Maxwell's investigations into the stability of Saturn's rings provide one of the earliest analyses of the dynamics of astrophysical discs. Current research in planetary rings extends Maxwell's kinetic theory to treat dense granular gases of particles undergoing moderately frequent inelastic collisions. Rather than disrupting the rings, local instabilities may be responsible for generating their irregular radial structure. Accretion discs around black holes or compact stars consist of a plasma permeated by a tangled magnetic field and may be compared with laboratory fluids through an analogy that connects Maxwell's researches in electromagnetism and viscoelasticity. A common theme in this work is the appearance of a complex fluid with a dynamical constitutive equation relating the stress in the medium to the history of its deformation.
description: 9 pages, to be published in Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A, based on the meeting "Maxwell 150 Years On", Aberdeen, September 2006
Butō. Prospettive europee e sguardi dal Giappone
Creators: name: Casari, Matteo
name: Cervellati, Elena
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2015
Subjects: L-ART/05 Discipline dello spettacolo
L-OR/22 Lingue e letterature del Giappone e della Corea

description: Il butō, prima ancora di definire il proprio nome, ha profondamente scosso la scena giapponese degli anni ‘50 qualificandosi come un’eresia in grado di sovvertire le norme teatrali sedimentate. Lungo percorsi palesi e sotterranei, in uno stretto groviglio la cui origine non è facilmente collocabile nel tempo e nello spazio, il butō giunge in Europa sul finire degli anni ‘70 preludendo alla folgorante apparizione di Ōno Kazuo al Festival di Nancy del 1980.
Il volume, nell’omaggiare il Maestro che assieme a Hijikata Tatsumi ha indelebilmente segnato la fisionomia di questa rivolta danzata, restituisce uno sguardo aggiornato sulla presenza, l’assimilazione e le trasformazioni – in ambito performativo come in quello più ampiamente culturale – del butō in Europa individuando gli intrecci profondi tanto delle radici ideali che lo nutrono quanto delle ramificazioni creative cui ha dato vita.

Even before defining its own name, butō deeply shook the 1950s Japanese scene, characterizing itself as a “heresy” capable of undermining the established theatrical models. Following both clear and hidden paths, as in a wrapped tangle whose origins fail to be easily situated in time and space, butō arrives in Europe by the end of the 1970s, preluding Ōno Kazuo’s striking appearance at the International Festival in Nancy in 1980.
While paying homage to the Master who, together with Hijikata Tatsumi, has indelibly left a mark on the shape of this dancing revolt, this book offers an up-to-date overlook on the presence, the appropriation and the transformations of butō in Europe, in the performing arts as well as in a wider cultural milieu. It does so by pinpointing the profound interlacing which exist within the idealistic roots fostering butō, as much as within the creative ramifications butō brought forth.
Production experiment, subject 29
Creators: name: Lau-Preechathammarach, Raksit Tyler
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: kdt

description: Target and distractor stimuli embedded in carrier sentences. Subject is a 53-year-old female. Carried out in a quiet room in the temple of Wat Nakharin in Ban Khi Nak.
title: Mehr Leistung, mehr Strom – und wie weiter?
title: Was heute im Rechenzentrum schon machbar ist und morgen möglich wird
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Kutzer, Karsten
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Rechenzentrum
subject: Energieeffizienz
subject: Kühlungsinfrastruktur
subject: Wasserkühlung

description: Rechenzentren werden in den kommenden Jahren immer mehr im Spannungsfeld zweier Entwicklungen stehen: Auf der einen Seite werden die Anforderungen an Energieeffizienz und die Suche nach Einsparpotentialen - bedingt durch den Klimawandel und damit zusammenhängende regulatorische Veränderungen und steigende Energiekosten - immer wichtiger. Auf der anderen Seite nähert sich die Halbleiterfertigung immer mehr den physikalischen Grenzen an und vergrößert dazu massiv die Anzahl von Transistoren auf den Chips. Das führt zu stark wachsendem Stromverbrauch von Systemen bei gleichzeitiger Erhöhung der Energiedichte. Dieser Vortrag beschreibt Möglichkeiten der IT-Infrastruktur, um diesen Herausforderungen zu begegnen, und die Auswirkungen auf die Planung und den Betrieb von Rechenzentren. An konkreten Beispielen werden die Machbarkeit heute aufzeigt und „Best Practices“ abgeleitet. Darüber hinaus werden die notwendige Integration innerhalb der IT und in das Rechenzentrum beleuchtet und wichtige Trends für die ganzheitliche Planung heute und den Betrieb morgen erläutert.
Additional file 1 of Bibliometric analysis of occupational exposure in operating room from 1973 to 2022
Creators: name: Li, Chuang
name: Geng, Meng
name: Li, Shujun
name: Li, Xianglan
name: Li, Huiqin
name: Yuan, Hufang
name: Liu, Fengxia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1.
A Fine Rule From a Brutish World? An Experiment on Endogenous Punishment Institution and Trust
Creators: name: Sun, Huojun
name: Bigoni, Maria
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2015
Subjects: SECS-P/01 Economia politica

description: By means of a laboratory experiment, we study the impact of the endogenous adoption of a collective punishment mechanism within a one-shot binary trust game. The experiment comprises three games. In the first one, the only equilibrium strategy is not to trust, and not to reciprocate. In the second we exogenously introduce a sanctioning rule that imposes on untrustworthy second-movers a penalty proportional to the number of those who reciprocate trust.
This generates a second equilibrium where everybody trusts and reciprocates. In the third game, the collective punishment mechanism is adopted through majority-voting.
In line with the theory, we find that the exogenous introduction of the punishment mechanism significantly increases trustworthiness, and to a lesser extent also trust.
However, in the third game the majority of subjects vote against it: subjects seem to be unable to endogenously adopt an institution which, when exogenously imposed,
proves to be efficiency enhancing.
Computing Amplitudes in topological M-theory
Creators: name: Bonelli, Giulio
name: Tanzini, Alessandro
name: Zabzine, Maxim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We define a topological quantum membrane theory on a seven dimensional manifold of $G_2$ holonomy. We describe in detail the path integral evaluation for membrane geometries given by circle bundles over Riemann surfaces. We show that when the target space is $CY_3\times S^1$ quantum amplitudes of non-local observables of membranes wrapping the circle reduce to the A-model amplitudes. In particular for genus zero we show that our model computes the Gopakumar-Vafa invariants. Moreover, for membranes wrapping calibrated homology spheres in the $CY_3$, we find that the amplitudes of our model are related to Joyce invariants.
description: 26 pages
Towards Homogeneous Modeling and Simulation of Whole-Cells
Creators: name: Burke, Paulo
name: Costa, Luciano Da F.
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: Computational models of biological systems are growing in complexity, approaching the whole-cell scale. Both modeling and simulation of such systems are far from trivial, yet, significant advances in this direction have already been achieved. Current whole-cell models yield heterogeneous representations of cellular processes, each one being approached using established methods. Their integration is accomplished by exchanging information between them from time to time. Although this approach proved to be useful, its organism-specificity makes it hard to scale and adapt to other organisms. Here, we present a homogeneous approach to model and simulate whole-cells where all cellular process are represented through their underlying biochemical reactions. Such a representation results in a map of all possible biochemical interactions between molecular entities of a cell in the form of a single biochemical network, naturally integrating the cellular processes.
The life and works of Zhang Ailing : a critical study
Creators: name: Hoyan, Carole H.F.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This dissertation is a study of Zhang Ailing's life and works and aims to provide a comprehensive overview of her literary career. Zhang Ailing (Eileen Chang %. jf; 5£% 1920-1995) is a significant figure in modern Chinese literary history, not only because of her outstanding artistry and modernist vision, but also because of her diverse contributions to the course of Chinese literature. The study follows the conventional chronological order of her life and is divided into eight chapters, together with an introduction and a conclusion. The first and the second chapters examine how Zhang's family experiences and wartime impressions contributed to the formation of her anti-romantic vision and how they influenced her subsequent creative writings. The third and fourth chapters analyze the significance and implications of her early works, written before she embarked on her literary career, and of her English-language cultural critiques and film reviews published in The Twentieth Century. Chapters five and six focus on the two major genres of Zhang's creative writing: short stories and informal essays. Her short stories, with their exploration o f the individual psyche in a modern urban context and their sense of disengagement and irony, can be considered as one of the earliest manifestation of modernism in China. Her essays show a strong sensuality and sympathetic understanding, as well as an identification with femininity and with everyday life. Showing a similarity to other modern Chinese women writers in her concern for detail, Zhang sets herself off by a uniquely witty and humorous tone. Her use of poetic diction and splendid imagery also serves as a striking contrast to the insipid style of most of her contemporaries. Chapter seven traces the development of Zhang's novels, which in turn reflects changes in her life and personal psychology. Chapter eight examines Zhang's career as a screenplay writer, translator and academic scholar. The concluding chapter deals with Zhang's contribution to the course of modern Chinese literature, through an investigation of her legacy in Taiwan, Hong Kong and Mainland China.
Additional file 2 of Bibliometric analysis of occupational exposure in operating room from 1973 to 2022
Creators: name: Li, Chuang
name: Geng, Meng
name: Li, Shujun
name: Li, Xianglan
name: Li, Huiqin
name: Yuan, Hufang
name: Liu, Fengxia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 2.
Lessons from the $B^{0,+}\to K^{*0,+}μ^+μ^-$ angular analyses
Creators: name: Ciuchini, Marco
name: Fedele, Marco
name: Franco, Enrico
name: Paul, Ayan
name: Silvestrini, Luca
name: Valli, Mauro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform an analysis within the Standard Model of $B^{0,+} \to K^{*0,+} μ^+ μ^-$ decays in light of the recent measurements from the LHCb experiment, showing that new data strengthen the need for sizable hadronic contributions and correlations among them. We then extend our analysis to New Physics via the Standard Model Effective Theory, and carry out a state-of-the-art fit of available $b \to s \ell^+ \ell^-$ data, including possible hadronic contributions. We find the case of a fully left-handed operator standing out as the simplest scenario with a significance of almost $6σ$.
description: References added, typos fixed, conclusions unchanged. 7 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Highly Stable and Reproducible Au Nanorod Arrays for Near-Infrared Optofluidic SERS sensor
Creators: name: Kumar, Samir
name: Fukuoka, Takao
name: Namura, Kyoko
name: Suzuki, Motofumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a sensitive vibrational spectroscopy technique that can enable fast and non-destructive detection of trace molecules. SERS substrates are critical for the advancement of the SERS application. By incorporating SERS substrates into microfluidic devices, the function of microfluidic devices can be extended, and an efficient on-site trace analysis platform with powerful sensing capabilities can be realized. In this paper, we report the fabrication of a rapid and sensitive optofluidic SERS device using a unique Au nanorod array (AuNRA) with a plasmon resonance frequency in the near IR region. The highly stable and reproducible AuNRA were fabricated by a facile dynamic oblique angle deposition technique. A typical spectrum of 4,4-bipyridine (BPY) with enhanced peaks was observed within a few seconds after the injection of an aqueous solution BPY. Time-course measurements revealed an outstandingly quick response of SERS in this system. Using the AuNR microfluidic device, approximately 2x10-12 mole molecules were enough to produce detectable SERS signals. This work demonstrates rapid and sensitive chemical sensing using an optofluidic device equipped with a unique noble metal nanorod array.
description: 6 Figures
title: Natural Computing zur Identifikation von Verwertungspfaden biogener Rohstoffe
Creators: name: Rapp, Barbara
name: Freese,
name: Lea,
name: Cremers, Lukas
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Multi-Agenten System
subject: Kaskadennutzung
subject: biogene Rohstoffe
subject: Natural Computing
subject: multikriterielle Optimierung

description: In diesem Paper stehen der Aspekt der Kaskadennutzung, am Beispiel der Ölpflanze Raps, sowie relevante V Vertreter aus dem Bereich des Natural Computing im Vordergrund. Es werden verschiedene Nutzungspfade des biogenen Rohstoffs aufgezeigt, wobei verschiedene Möglichkeiten der Endnutzung abgedeckt werden. Die für die Optimierung relevanten Eigenschaften werden abgeleitet und die Anforderungen an die Zielfunktion benannt. Anschließend werden Evolutionsstrategien, Partikelschwarmoptimierung, das künstliche Bienenvolk und das Simulated Annealing als typische Vertreter des Natural Computing auf ihren möglichen Einsatz im Rahmen einer multikriteriellen Optimierung untersucht.
Electromagnetic emission due to nonlinear interaction of laser wakefields colliding in plasma at an oblique angle
Creators: name: Volchok, E.
name: Annenkov, V.
name: Timofeev, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Head-on collision of laser-induced plasma wakefields with differing profiles of electrostatic potential has been recently found to be an efficient mechanism for generating high-power electromagnetic emission at the second harmonic of the plasma frequency [I.V.Timofeev et al. Phys. Plasmas 24, 103106 (2017)]. This mechanism is attractive for creating a source of tunable narrow-band coherent radiation in the terahertz frequency range. In this paper, we generalize the theory of electromagnetic emission produced by nonlinear interaction of two plasma wakes to the case of an arbitrary collision angle. Such a theory is used to evaluate the angular distribution of the second harmonic radiation as well as its total generation efficiency for parameters of the proof-of-principle experiment in which laser axes will be aligned with a small finite angle. Theoretical predictions are qualitatively confirmed by particle-in-cell simulations.
The Hubble Space Telescope UV Legacy Survey of Galactic Globular Clusters. XXII. Relative ages of multiple populations in five Globular Clusters
Creators: name: Lucertini, F.
name: Nardiello, D.
name: Piotto, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. We present a new technique to estimate the relative ages of multiple stellar populations hosted by five globular clusters: NGC 104 (47 Tuc), NGC 6121 (M4), NGC 6352, NGC 6362 and NGC 6723. Methods. We used the catalogs of the database "HST UV Globular cluster Survey (HUGS)" to create color-magnitude and two-color diagrams of the Globular Clusters. We identified the multiple populations within each globular cluster, and we divided them into two main stellar populations: POPa or first generation (1G) and POPb, composed of all the successive generations of stars. The new technique allows us to obtain an accurate estimate of the relative ages between POPa and POPb. Results. The multiple populations of NGC 104 and NGC 6121 are coeval within 220 Myr and 214 Myr, while those of NGC 6352, NGC 6362 and NGC 6723 are coeval within 336 Myr, 474 Myr and 634 Myr, respectively. These results were obtained combining all the sources of uncertainties.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for publication in A&A on December 9, 2020
An equivalent form of Young's inequality with upper bound
Creators: name: Minguzzi, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 26D10; 44A15

description: Young's integral inequality is complemented with an upper bound to the remainder. The new inequality turns out to be equivalent to Young's inequality, and the cases in which the equality holds become particularly transparent in the new formulation.
description: 5 pages. v2: Title changed to match published version. Previous title: "Doubling Young's inequality"
Additional file 1 of Surgeon handedness affects the acetabular cup positioning during primary total hip arthroplasty regardless of the surgical approach. a systematic review and metanalysis
Creators: name: Khalifa, Ahmed A.
name: Hassan, Ahmed Abdelazim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1: PRISMA 2020 Checklist.
Properties of the Sheath Regions of Coronal Mass Ejections with or without Shocks from STEREO in situ Observations near 1 AU
Creators: name: Salman, T. M.
name: Lugaz, N.
name: Farrugia, C. J.
name: Winslow, R. M.
name: Jian, L. K.
name: Galvin, A. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine 188 coronal mass ejections (CMEs) measured by the twin STEREO spacecraft during 2007-2016 to investigate the generic features of the CME sheath and the magnetic ejecta (ME) and dependencies of average physical parameters of the sheath on the ME. We classify the MEs into three categories, focusing on whether a ME drives both a shock and sheath, or only a sheath, or neither, near 1 AU. We also reevaluate our initial classification through an automated algorithm and visual inspection. We observe that even for leading edge speeds greater than 500 km/s, 1 out of 4 MEs do not drive shocks near 1 AU. MEs driving both shocks and sheaths are the fastest and propagate in high magnetosonic solar wind, whereas MEs driving only sheaths are the slowest and propagate in low magnetosonic solar wind. Our statistical and superposed epoch analyses indicate that all physical parameters are more enhanced in the sheath regions following shocks than in sheaths without shocks. However, differences within sheaths become statistically less significant for similar driving MEs. We also find that the radial thickness of ME-driven sheaths apparently has no clear linear correlation with the speed profile and associated Mach numbers of the driver.
A multi-scale study of infrared and radio emission from Scd galaxy M33
Creators: name: Tabatabaei, F. S.
name: Beck, R.
name: Krause, M.
name: Berkhuijsen, E. M.
name: Gehrz, R.
name: Gordon, K. D.
name: Hinz, J. L.
name: Humphreys, R.
name: McQuinn, K.
name: Polomski, E.
name: Rieke, G. H.
name: Woodward, C. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the energy sources of the infrared (IR) emission and their relation to the radio continuum emission at various spatial scales within the Scd galaxy M33. We use the wavelet transform to analyze IR data at the Spitzer wavelengths of 24, 70, and 160$μ$m, as well as recent radio continuum data at 3.6cm and 20cm. An H$α$ map serves as a tracer of the star forming regions and as an indicator of the thermal radio emission. We find that the dominant scale of the 70$μ$m emission is larger than that of the 24$μ$m emission, while the 160$μ$m emission shows a smooth wavelet spectrum. The radio and H$α$ maps are well correlated with all 3 MIPS maps, although their correlations with the 160$μ$m map are weaker. After subtracting the bright HII regions, the 24 and 70$μ$m maps show weaker correlations with the 20cm map than with the 3.6cm map at most scales. We also find a strong correlation between the 3.6cm and H$α$ emission at all scales. Comparing the results with and without the bright HII regions, we conclude that the IR emission is influenced by young, massive stars increasingly with decreasing wavelength from 160 to 24$μ$m. The radio-IR correlations indicate that the warm dust-thermal radio correlation is stronger than the cold dust-nonthermal radio correlation at scales smaller than 4kpc. A perfect 3.6cm-H$α$ correlation implies that extinction has no significant effect on H$α$ emitting structures.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in the Astronomy and Astrophysics Journal
title: Requirements Engineering of the Cryptography within the Application Landscape of the German Banking Industry
Creators: name: Beskorovajnov, Wasilij
name: Gröll, Roland
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021

description: The standardization of PQC is going to be the beginning of an enormous effort by the industry incorporating new cryptography into the current application l landscape. Moreover, the German federal office for information security (BSI3) recommends that applications with high security requirements should assume that in 2030 a cryptanalytic relevant quantum computer will exist. This suggests that early migration considerations are quintessential now. The German banking industry is heavily reliant upon cryptography. A natural question is therefore: What requirements does the application landscape of the German banking industry impose on cryptography and which PQC schemes meet these requirements. We attempt to answer this question by closely reviewing the application and cryptography landscape of the German banking industry in accordance with a classical requirements engineering (RE) process that is being taught by the IREB Foundation Level course4, which we assume to be the most pervasive in the industry. We describe how this methodology was applied in the project QuantumLeap5 and present an overview of the cryptography being used in the German banking industry together with promising PQC replacement candidates.
Policy brief: ENHANCING PROPER ACCOUNTING AND IMPROVEMENT OF LIFE CYCLE SUSTAINABILITY PERFORMANCE OF BIO-BASED INDUSTRIES IN EUROPE.
Creators: name: Contactica
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: LCA
sustainability

description: The policy recommendations addressed in this document are formulated with the goal of supporting the following objective:

Developing harmonized, holistic, complete, robust and applicable LCSA methodology (including socio-economic indicators) to conduct lifecycle environmental or sustainability assessments of innovative bio-based products or industrial processes under development in R&D projects and allow comparison of the results with current alternatives.
Additional file 2 of Surgeon handedness affects the acetabular cup positioning during primary total hip arthroplasty regardless of the surgical approach. a systematic review and metanalysis
Creators: name: Khalifa, Ahmed A.
name: Hassan, Ahmed Abdelazim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 2: Details of the search strategy.
Photoelectron spectroscopy of laser-dressed atomic helium
Creators: name: Meister, Severin
name: Bondy, Aaron
name: Schnorr, Kirsten
name: Augustin, Sven
name: Lindenblatt, Hannes
name: Trost, Florian
name: Xie, Xinhua
name: Braune, Markus
name: Treusch, Rolf
name: Douguet, Nicolas
name: Pfeifer, Thomas
name: Bartschat, Klaus
name: Moshammer, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photoelectron emission from excited states of laser-dressed atomic helium is analyzed with respect to laser intensity-dependent excitation energy shifts and angular distributions. In the two-color XUV (exteme ultra\-violet) -- IR (infrared) measurement, the XUV photon energy is scanned between \SI{20.4}{\electronvolt} and the ionization threshold at \SI{24.6}{\electronvolt}, revealing electric dipole-forbidden transitions for a temporally overlapping IR pulse ($\sim\!\SI{e12}{\watt\per \centi\meter\squared}$). The interpretation of the experimental results is supported by numerically solving the time-dependent Schrödinger equation in a single-active-electron approximation.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
title: Der Einfluss bürokratischer Hürden auf die Prozessakzeptanz
title: Eine experimentelle Untersuchung am Beispiel eines generischen Einkaufsprozesses
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Drewes, Lars
name: Nissen, Volker
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: GPM
subject: Prozessakzeptanz
subject: Bürokratie
subject: Experiment
subject: Amazon’s Mechanical Turk

description: Gemäß der Prozessakzeptanztheorie hat die Akzeptanz von Prozessen einen Einfluss auf die korrekte Ausführung eben dieser. Sollen Abweichungen in der Prozessausführung verhindert werden, ist es notwendig zu verstehen, welche Faktoren einen Einfluss auf die Akzeptanz aufweisen. In der vorliegenden Untersuchung wird in einer online durchgeführten, experimentellen Studie der Einfluss von Bürokratie auf die Prozessakzeptanz untersucht. Die Basis für das Experiment bildet ein generischer Einkaufsprozess, der online über Amazon’s Mechanical Turk bereitgestellt wird. Die Prozessakzeptanz wird mit Hilfe eines Fragebogens aufgeteilt in die drei Dimensionen der Einstellung (kognitiv, affektiv, konativ) gemessen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass eine Freigabeerfordernis der eigenen Handlung mehr akzeptiert wird, als ein Prozess, bei dem diese nicht erforderlich ist. Dieses kontraintuitive Ergebnis kann dahingehend interpretiert werden, dass die Teilnehmer nichts falsch machen wollen und eine zusätzliche Bestätigung erwünschen. Da im Experiment sehr große Bestellsummen genutzt worden sind, soll zukünftig der Einfluss dieser auf die Akzeptanz untersucht werden.
title: tRackIT OS: Open-source Software for Reliable VHF Wildlife Tracking
Creators: name: Höchst, Jonas
name: Gorrwald, Jannis
name: Lampe, Patrick
name: Zobel, Julian
name: Nauss, Thomas
name: Steinmetz, Ralf
name: Freisleben, Bernd
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Radio Tracking
subject: Marburg Open Forest
subject: Open Source
subject: Movement Ecology

description: We present tRackIT OS, open-source software for reliable VHF radio tracking of (small) animals in their wildlife habitat. tRackIT OS is an operating system distribution for tRackIT stations that receive signals emitted by VHF tags mounted on animals and are built from low-cost commodity-off-the-shelf hardware. tRackIT OS provides software components for VHF signal processing, system monitoring, configuration management, and user access. In particular, it records, stores, analyzes, and transmits detected VHF signals and their descriptive features, e.g., to calculate bearings of signals emitted by VHF radio tags mounted on animals or to perform animal activity classification. Furthermore, we provide results of an experimental evaluation carried out in the Marburg Open Forest, the research and teaching forest of the University of Marburg, Germany. All components of tRackIT OS are available under a GNU GPL 3.0 open source license at https://github.com/nature40/tRackIT-OS.
Synthesis of Zn2NbN3 ternary nitride semiconductor with wurtzite-derived crystal structure
Creators: name: Zakutayev, Andriy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Binary III-N nitride semiconductors with wurtzite crystal structure such as GaN and AlN have been long used in many practical applications ranging from optoelectronic to telecommunication. The structurally related ZnGeN2 or ZnSnN2 derived from the parent binary compounds by cation mutation (elemental substitution) have recently attracted attention, but such ternary nitride materials are mostly limited to II-IV-N2 compositions. This paper reports on synthesis and characterization of zinc niobium nitride Zn2NbN3 - a previously unreported II2-V-N3 ternary nitride semiconductor. The Zn2NbN3 thin films are synthesized using a single-step adsorption-controlled growth, and a two-step deposition/annealing method that prevents loss of Zn and N. Measurements indicate that Zn2NbN3 crystalizes in wurtzite-derived structure, in contrast to chemically related rocksalt-derived Mg2NbN3 compound synthesized here for comparison using the two-step method. The estimated wurtzite lattice parameters are a = 3.36A and c = 5.26A, (c/a = 1.55), and the optical absorption onset is at 2.1 eV for this cation-disordered Zn2NbN3. For comparison, published computational studies predict cation-ordered Zn2NbN3 to be a semiconductor with effective wurtzite c/a = 1.62 and a band gap of 3.5 - 3.6 eV. Overall, this work expands the wurtzite family of nitride semiconductors, and suggests that other ternary nitrides should be possible to synthesize
Effect of Primordial Magnetic Field on Seeds for Large Scale Structure
Creators: name: Yamazaki, Dai G.
name: Ichiki, Kiyotomo
name: Umezu, Ken-ichi
name: Hanayama, Hidekazu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic field plays a very important role in many astronomical phenomena at various scales of the universe. It is no exception in the early universe. Since the energy density, pressure, and tension of the primordial magnetic field affect gravitational collapses of plasma, the formation of seeds for large scale structures should be influenced by them. Here we numerically investigate the effects of stochastic primordial magnetic field on the seeds of large scale structures in the universe in detail. We found that the amplitude ratio between the density spectra with and without PMF ($|P(k)/P_0(k)|$ at $k>0.2$ Mpc$^{-1}$) lies between 75% and 130% at present for the range of PMF strengths 0.5 nG $< B_λ< 1.0$ nG, depending on the spectral index of PMF and the correlation between the matter density and the PMF distributions.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures, submitted to PRD 23 Jan 2006, Revised 02 Oct 2006, accepted for publication in PRD
Additional file 3 of Surgeon handedness affects the acetabular cup positioning during primary total hip arthroplasty regardless of the surgical approach. a systematic review and metanalysis
Creators: name: Khalifa, Ahmed A.
name: Hassan, Ahmed Abdelazim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 3: Risk of bias and quality assessment using the NIH quality assessment tool for observational cohort and cross sectional studies.
title: Auswahl einer IoT-Plattform für die Integration von operativen Anlagendaten an deutschen Flughäfen: Vorgehen und Lessons-Learned
Creators: name: Freiberger, Michael
name: Floerecke, Sebastian
name: Ertl, Christoph
name: Herzfeldt, Alexander
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Internet-of-Things (IoT)
subject: IoT-Plattform
subject: Tool-Vergleich
subject: Requirements-Engineering
subject: Bewertungsmatrix
subject: Nutzwertanalyse
subject: Experteninterviews
subject: Fallstudie

description: Internet-of-Things (IoT)-Technologien eröffnen Flughäfen neue Möglichkeiten, Zustände verschiedener Anlagen am Standort zu erfassen, zu verarbeiten und damit zu steuern. Diese Technologien fungieren als Enabler neuartiger Geschäftsmodelle. Zur Realisierung solcher Geschäftsmodelle muss ein geeignetes IoT-Gesamtsystem – Sensorik, Übertragungstechnik und zentrale IoT-Plattform – geschaffen werden. Der Flughafen München, Analyseobjekt dieser Praxisstudie, beabsichtigt, eine IoT-Plattform zu beschaffen. Nachdem gegenwärtig über 600 Anbieter weltweit miteinander konkurrieren, deren Angebote jeweils unterschiedliche Funktionalitäten und Qualitätseigenschaften umfassen, handelt es sich dabei um ein komplexes Vorhaben. Die Forschung liefert bislang kein ausreichend dokumentiertes Vorgehensmodell für Unternehmen, um die für sie unter Berücksichtigung funktionaler und nicht-funktionaler Anforderungen geeignetste IoT-Plattform auszuwählen. Um diese Lücke zu adressieren, wurden in dieser Praxisstudie verschiedene Methoden miteinander kombiniert, um dadurch einen wissenschaftlich fundierten und praxisorientierten Ansatz zu entwickeln. Damit wurden vorselektierte IoT-Plattformen vergleichend bewertet. Unternehmensentscheider erhalten einen Leitfaden und einen initialen Katalog an Bewertungskriterien zur Auswahl einer IoT-Plattform für ihre unternehmensspezifischen Anwendungsfälle und daraus resultierenden Anforderungen.
Tonical ambiguity in three pieces by Sergei Prokofiev
Creators: name: Stratkauskas, David Vincent Edwin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: There is much that is traditional in the compositional style of Sergei Prokofiev, invoking the stylistic spirit of the preceding two hundred years. One familiar element is the harmonic vocabulary, as evidenced by the frequent use of simple triadic sonorities, but these seemingly simple sonorities are frequently instilled with a sense of multiple meaning, and help to facilitate a tonal style which differs from the classical norm. In this style, the conditions of monotonality do not necessarily apply; there is often a sense of the coexistence of several "tonical" possibilities. An examination of three pieces shows varying applications of Prokofiev's ambiguous tonal style. In the Pensee, op. 62 no. 2, tonical ambiguity pervades the entire piece. In the "Promenade," op. 59 no. 1, an initial suggestion of monotonality leads to a state of multiple tonics. In the last movement of the Sonata for Violin and Piano, op. 80, areas of ambiguous tonal focus are, in a more traditional fashion, subservient to a strong overall tonic. Because Prokofiev does not employ a classical tonal style, traditional methods of analysis only provide a limited basis of understanding. In this thesis, Schoenberg's concepts of "fluctuating tonality," Peter Deane Roberts's ideas about "polymodality," and Richard Bass's "chromatic shadows" provide starting points for an examination of this music.