cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
National park citizen science: exploring place attachment and stewardship
Creators: name: Halliwell, Phil
name: Whipple, Sarah
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: Citizen science is an emerging approach to conducting research in the National Parks System. As National Parks work to cultivate stewards for their second century, this strategy is viewed as one that may support scientific efforts while educating, engaging and connecting participants with parks. Citizen science enlists the public in elements of the research process, providing valuable scientific insights and a unique educational experience for participants. As this practice is increasingly leveraged, understanding both the impact for participants and its effectiveness as an engagement strategy for the National Park Service moving forward is important. Gaining a greater sense for how participating may foster bonds with place and inspire stewardship deserves additional research, particularly in National Parks. Accordingly, this phenomenological study examined 22 undergraduate and graduate students contributing to a citizen science effort in Grand Teton and Yellowstone National Parks. Participants were members of the Rocky Mountain Sustainability and Science Network, an organization involving students in National Park citizen science efforts. Both ecological and social research was conducted by project participants. Pre-post surveys and focus groups were used to investigate place attachment and stewardship motivations of the students.

Study findings indicate a shift toward greater place attachment and stronger stewardship desires following the experience. Additionally, key factors including the social element, hiking, aesthetics of the location, and learning opportunities were viewed as strong contributors to the shift. Key stewardship actions such as additional volunteering, donating, becoming a member of a park advocacy group, encouraging other to visit the parks, planning a return visit, and soliciting support from political representatives were also considered. Again, all stewardship actions recognized a significant shift toward greater stewardship involvement post experience. In contrast to quickly passing through these protected lands, citizen science presents an opportunity for contributors to deeply learn, discover, and gain greater insights into their place of focus. While additional research with diverse participants in a variety of settings is needed, these findings support citizen science as a technique that offers participants a rich science experience promoting bonding with place and encouraging stewardship.
God of the gate, protector of the door: door gods (menshen) in chinese popular religion
Creators: name: Kardos, Michael Anthony
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The door plays an important part in religious rituals and beliefs throughout many cultures and thus is often considered to be the residence of some spirit or is appointed a special protective deity. In China, door gods are called menshen and are associated with the lunar New Year celebration. They are pictures of mythological or deified historical figures placed on double-leaf gates or single-leaf doors to guard against evil influences. Sometimes, door prints depict mythological beasts, tigers, roosters, or exorcistic symbols, all of which are believed to provide protection from evil. There are also auspicious door prints which express the desire to attain wealth and prosperity, to give birth to a son, or to pass the civil service examination. Past studies of door gods have primarily focused on their artistic evolution and characteristics in the form of Chinese woodblock New Year prints. This study focuses on the role of door gods as deities in Chinese popular religion, ritual, and the New Year festival celebration concentrating primarily on literary evidence instead of artistic. It shows that door gods are not just printed images, but possess 'personality' and 'emotion'. I provide annotated translations or summaries of relevant short stories, tales, poems, popular novels, and dramas in which door gods play a role. I also briefly discuss the current use of door gods in the People's Republic of China based on the fieldwork and observations of myself and various scholars. The major conclusions reached in the thesis are: (1) there is no direct evidence supporting the belief that modern-day door gods evolved directly from or supplanted the five tutelary deities of first century BCE China; (2) Qin Qiong (?-638) and Yuchi Jingde (585-658) did not supplant the mythological door guardians Shen Tu and Yu Lei; (3) there is evidence to support the belief that door gods did receive sacrificial offerings; and, (4) only through the combination of literary and artistic evidence will the history and evolution of this deity be fully understood by future scholars.
FROM THUNDERBIRDS TO SHAMANISM - EXPLORING INDIGENOUS TRADITIONS IN NORTH AMERICA
Creators: name: Brandl, Edenilson
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Indigenous
North America
Cultural heritage
Spiritual connection
Shamanism
Four elements
Resilience
Ancestral lands
Traditional practices
Preservation

description: This article delves into the rich cultural heritage of indigenous tribes in North America, focusing on their deep spiritual connections to the natural world, traditional practices, and ancestral lands. It examines the historical challenges faced by these communities, including the impacts of European colonization, introduced diseases, and changing climate patterns. Despite adversity, these indigenous cultures have persisted, drawing strength from their profound relationship with the four elements, mythological narratives, and shamanism. The preservation of their languages, traditional games, and the significance of feathers, animal skins, and weaponry are vital components of their cultural identity. The article underscores the resilience of these indigenous peoples and their commitment to safeguarding their heritage for future generations.

 

Dieser Artikel befasst sich mit dem reichen kulturellen Erbe indigener Stämme in Nordamerika und konzentriert sich auf ihre tiefe spirituelle Verbindung zur Natur, zu traditionellen Praktiken und zum Land ihrer Vorfahren. Es untersucht die historischen Herausforderungen, mit denen diese Gemeinschaften konfrontiert sind, einschließlich der Auswirkungen der europäischen Kolonialisierung, eingeschleppter Krankheiten und veränderter Klimamuster. Trotz aller Widrigkeiten haben diese indigenen Kulturen überlebt und ihre Stärke aus ihrer tiefen Beziehung zu den vier Elementen, mythologischen Erzählungen und dem Schamanismus geschöpft. Die Bewahrung ihrer Sprachen, traditioneller Spiele und die Bedeutung von Federn, Tierhäuten und Waffen sind wesentliche Bestandteile ihrer kulturellen Identität. Der Artikel unterstreicht die Widerstandsfähigkeit dieser indigenen Völker und ihr Engagement, ihr Erbe für zukünftige Generationen zu schützen.
Angular resolved light scattering from micron-sized colloidal assemblies
Creators: name: Yazhgur, Pavel
name: Aubry, Geoffroy J.
name: Froufe, Luis S.
name: Scheffold, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Disordered dielectrics with structural correlations on length scales comparable to visible light wavelengths exhibit complex optical properties. Such materials exist in nature, leading to beautiful structural non-iridescent color, and they are also increasingly used as building blocks for optical materials and coatings. In this article, we study the single-scattering properties of micron-sized, disordered colloidal assemblies. The aggregates act as structurally colored supraparticles or as building blocks for macroscopic photonic glasses. We present experimental data for the differential scattering and transport cross-section. We show how we can adapt existing macroscopic models to describe the scattering from small colloidal assemblies outside the weak-scattering limit and entering the Lorentz-Mie regime.
Magnetic Phase Transition at 88 K in Na0.5CoO2 revealed by 23Na-NMR investigations
Creators: name: Pedrini, B.
name: Gavilano, J. L.
name: Weyeneth, S.
name: Felder, E.
name: Hinderer, J.
name: Weller, M.
name: Ott, H. R.
name: Kazakov, S. M.
name: Karpinski, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Na0.5CoO2 exhibits a metal-insulator transition at 53 K upon cooling. The nature of another transition at 88 K has not been fully clarified yet. We report the results of measurements of the electrical conductivity, the magnetic susceptibility and 23Na NMR on a powder sample of Na0.5CoO2, including the mapping of NMR spectra, as well as probing the spin-lattice relaxation rate and the spin-spin relaxation rate, in the temperature range between 30 K and 305 K. The NMR data reflect the transition at T_X very well but provide less evidence for the metal-insulator transition at T_MI. The temperature evolution of the shape of the spectra implies the formation of a staggered internal field below T_X, not accompained by a rearrangement of the electric charge distribution. Our results thus indicate that in Na0.5CoO2, an unusual type of magnetic ordering in the metallic phase precedes the onset of charge ordering, which finally induces an insulating ground state.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures; section 3 revised
The brown dwarf population in the star forming region NGC2264
Creators: name: Pearson, Samuel
name: Scholz, Aleks
name: Teixeira, Paula S
name: Mužić, Koraljka
name: Eislöffel, Jochen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The brown dwarf population in the canonical star forming region NGC2264 is so far poorly explored. We present a deep, multi-wavelength, multi-epoch survey of the star forming cluster NGC2264, aimed to identify young brown dwarf candidates in this region. Using criteria including optical/near-infrared colours, variability, Spitzer mid-infrared colour excess, extinction, and Gaia parallax and proper motion (in order of relevance), we select 902 faint red sources with indicators of youth. Within this sample we identify 429 brown dwarf candidates based on their infrared colours. The brown dwarf candidates are estimated to span a mass range from 0.01 to 0.08$M_{\odot}$. We find rotation periods for 44 sources, 15 of which are brown dwarf candidates, ranging from 3.6 hours to 6.5 days. A subset of 38 brown dwarf candidates show high level irregular variability indicative of ongoing disc accretion, similar to the behaviour of young stars.
description: 10 pages, 14 figures
Bootstrapping mixed correlators in $\mathcal{N}=4$ Super Yang-Mills
Creators: name: Bissi, Agnese
name: Manenti, Andrea
name: Vichi, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a numerical bootstrap study of the mixed correlator system containing the half-BPS operators of dimension two and three in $\mathcal N = 4$ Super Yang-Mills. This setup improves on previous works in the literature that only considered single correlators of one or the other operator. We obtain upper bounds on the leading twist in a given representation of the R-symmetry by imposing gaps on the twist of all operators rather than the dimension of a single one. As a result we find a tension between the large $N$ supergravity predictions and the numerical finite $N$ results already at $N\sim 100$. A few possible solutions are discussed: the extremal spectrum suggests that at large but finite $N$, in addition to the double trace operators, there exists a second tower of states with smaller dimension. We also obtain new bounds on the dimension of operators which were not accessible with a single correlator setup. Finally we consider bounds on the OPE coefficients of various operators. The results obtained for the OPE coefficient of the lightest scalar singlet show evidences of a two dimensional conformal manifold.
description: 40 pages, 12 figures, 4 tables
Interacting electrons on a quantum ring: exact and variational approach
Creators: name: Gylfadottir, S. S.
name: Harju, A.
name: Jouttenus, T.
name: Webb, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a system of interacting electrons on a one-dimensional quantum ring using exact diagonalization and the variational quantum Monte Carlo method. We examine the accuracy of the Slater-Jastrow -type many-body wave function and compare energies and pair distribution functions obtained from the two approaches. Our results show that this wave function captures most correlation effects. We then study the smooth transition to a regime where the electrons localize in the rotating frame, which for the ultrathin quantum ring system happens at quite high electron density.
description: 19 pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication in the New Journal of Physics
Radiation Reaction from Soft Theorems
Creators: name: Di Vecchia, Paolo
name: Heissenberg, Carlo
name: Russo, Rodolfo
name: Veneziano, Gabriele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radiation reaction (RR) terms at the third post-Minkowskian (3PM) order have recently been found to be instrumental in restoring smooth continuity between the non-relativistic, relativistic, and ultra-relativistic (including the massless) regimes. Here we propose a new and intriguing connection between RR and soft (bremsstrahlung) theorems which short-circuits the more involved conventional loop computations. Although first noticed in the context of the maximally supersymmetric theory, unitarity and analyticity arguments support the general validity of this 3PM-order connection that we apply, in particular, to Einstein's gravity and to its Jordan-Brans-Dicke extension. In the former case we find full agreement with a recent result by Damour obtained through a very different reasoning.
description: 17 pages, references updated, minor misprints corrected
[NII] fine-structure emission at 122 and 205um in a galaxy at z=2.6: a globally dense star-forming interstellar medium
Creators: name: Doherty, M. J.
name: Geach, J. E.
name: Ivison, R. J.
name: Dye, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new observations with the Atacama Large Millimeter/sub-millimeter Array of the 122um and 205um fine-structure line emission of singly-ionised nitrogen in a strongly lensed starburst galaxy at z=2.6. The 122/205um [NII] line ratio is sensitive to electron density, n_e, in the ionised interstellar medium, and we use this to measure n_e~300cm^-3 averaged across the galaxy. This is over an order of magnitude higher than the Milky Way average, but comparable to localised Galactic star-forming regions. Combined with observations of the atomic carbon (CI(1-0)) and carbon monoxide (CO(4-3)) in the same system, we reveal the conditions in this intensely star-forming system. The majority of the molecular interstellar medium has been driven to high density, and the resultant conflagration of star formation produces a correspondingly dense ionised phase, presumably co-located with myriad HII regions that litter the gas-rich disk.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Additional file 1 of An efficient system for intestinal on-site butyrate production using novel microbiome-derived esterases
Creators: name: Dah Hyun Jung
name: Yong, Ji Hyun
name: Wontae Hwang
name: Yoon, Mi Young
name: Yoon, Sang Sun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Predicted genes in BAC clones.
Thinking Deep: the scientific surveying of mesophotic reefs
Creators: name: East, Anna
name: Shepherd, Luke
name: Stockdale, Edward
name: Rogers, Alex David
name: Andradi-Brown, Dominic
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: During the summer of 2015, the University of Oxford Thinking Deep expedition surveyed the mesophotic reefs of Utila, Honduras. Mesophotic reefs occur between 30 and 150 meters and contain a mix of specialist and depth generalist fish and coral species. With increased threats to shallow reefs from local pressures such as coastal development and pollution, combined with global pressures such as coral bleaching, there is great interest in mesophotic reefs acting as a refuge for impacted shallow species.  This poster outlines the expedition’s approach to conducting survey work at these deep depths. Thinking Deep used a three step approach: (i) using photogrammetry, (ii) employing mixed gas closed circuit rebreathers and (iii) using team oriented diving. We shifted from in-water observations to photogrammetry (video/photo) using equipment such as stereo-video systems, to collect precise visual data that can be processed on the surface. Use of photogrammetry raised additional challenges of correct lighting for benthic surveys and avoiding task loading technical dive teams. Therefore, we employed mixed gas closed circuit rebreather to reduce the bulk of equipment to be carried, while allowing longer dive times. Finally, and just as critically was the careful use of multiple teams of technical and recreational divers allowing heavy, bulky equipment to be removed from divers with large decompression obligations to enable safe, efficient decompression following deep dives. Adapting tradition shallow scientific surveying for deep technical diving enabled the Thinking Deep expedition to successfully collect far larger amounts of mesophotic data with much greater precision than previous mesophotic surveys using remote survey techniques such as drop-cameras.
Current-driven vortex domain wall dynamics by micromagnetic simulations
Creators: name: He, Jiexuan
name: Li, Zhanjie
name: Zhang, Shufeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Current-driven vortex wall dynamics is studied by means of a two-dimensional analytical model and micromagnetic simulation. By constructing a trial function for the vortex wall in the magnetic wire, we analytically solve for domain wall velocity and deformation in the presence of the current-induced spin torque. A critical current for the domain wall transformation from the vortex wall to the transverse wall is calculated. A comparison between the field- and current-driven wall dynamics is carried out. Micromagnetic simulations are performed to verify our analytical results.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Exploring the hot gaseous halo around an extremely massive and relativistic jet launching spiral galaxy with XMM-Newton
Creators: name: Mirakhor, M. S.
name: Walker, S. A.
name: Bagchi, J.
name: Fabian, A. C.
name: Barth, A. J.
name: Combes, F.
name: Dabhade, P.
name: Ho, L. C.
name: Pandge, M. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a deep XMM-Newton observation of the extremely massive, rapidly rotating, relativistic-jet-launching spiral galaxy 2MASX J23453268-0449256. Diffuse X-ray emission from the hot gaseous halo around the galaxy is robustly detected out to a radius of 160 kpc, corresponding roughly to 35 per cent of the virial radius ($\approx 450$ kpc). We fit the X-ray emission with the standard isothermal $β$ model, and it is found that the enclosed gas mass within 160 kpc is $1.15_{-0.24}^{+0.22} \times 10^{11} \, \rm{M}_{\odot}$. Extrapolating the gas mass profile out to the virial radius, the estimated gas mass is $8.25_{-1.77}^{+1.62} \times 10^{11} \, \rm{M}_{\odot}$, which makes up roughly 65 per cent of the total baryon mass content of the galaxy. When the stellar mass is considered and accounting for the statistical and systematic uncertainties, the baryon mass fraction within the virial radius is $0.121_{-0.043}^{+0.043}$, in agreement with the universal baryon fraction. The baryon mass fraction is consistent with all baryons falling within $r_{200}$, or with only half of the baryons falling within $r_{200}$. Similar to the massive spiral galaxies NGC 1961 and NGC 6753, we find a low value for the metal abundance of $\approx 0.1 {\rm{Z}}_{\odot}$, which appears uniform with radius. We also detect diffuse X-ray emission associated with the northern and southern lobes, possibly attributed to inverse Compton scattering of cosmic microwave background photons. The estimated energy densities of the electrons and magnetic field in these radio lobes suggest that they are electron-dominated by a factor of 10$-$200, depending on the choice of the lower cut-off energy of the electron spectrum.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures, 4 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
An ethnographic account of Minha Casa Minha Vida’s affordable housing policy
Creators: name: Bechtlufft Cardoso, Matheus
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2023
Subjects: Affordable housing
Brazil
Infrastructure
Macapá
Rio de Janeiro
Minha Casa
Minha Vida

description: This research aims to shine light into one of Brazil’s most influential affordable housing policies. In the research, I explore how successful the Minha Casa, Minha Vida program is when comparing apartment complexes in states where the access to resources and capital is drastically different. This is done by visiting three apartment complexes, those being one in the city of Rio de Janeiro in Jacarepagua and two in the city of Macapa (Jardim Acucena and Macapaba), where I attempt to find overlapping themes among the three developments that can be used to suggest whether the program is successful at attending the different needs of different states, or if the program is following one formula regardless of the location. This is done by interviews with current and formal residents of the program where experiences shared can aid with the understanding of the successes and shortcoming of a nationwide standardized affordable housing program
How do galaxy properties affect void statistics?
Creators: name: Panchal, Rushy R.
name: Pisani, Alice
name: Spergel, David N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a mapping from dark matter halos to galaxy properties based on hydrodynamical simulations, we explore the impact of galaxy properties on the void size function and the void-galaxy correlation function. We replicate the properties of galaxies from Illustris on MassiveNus halos, to perform both luminosity and star formation rate cuts on MassiveNus halos. We compare the impact of such cuts on voids properties with respect to cuts on halo mass (as usually performed on halo catalogs driven from N-body simulations). We find that void catalogs built from luminosity-selected galaxies and halos are consistent within errors, while void catalogs built from star formation rate selected galaxies differ from void catalogs built on halos. We investigate the reason for this difference. Our work suggests that voids built on galaxy catalogs (selected through luminosity cut) can be reliably studied by using halos in dark matter simulations.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures (10 panels). Matches ApJ published version after minor changes
A case of simultaneous star and planet formation
Creators: name: Alves, Felipe O.
name: Cleeves, L. Ilsedore
name: Girart, Josep M.
name: Zhu, Zhaohuan
name: Franco, Gabriel A. P.
name: Zurlo, Alice
name: Caselli, Paola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While it is widely accepted that planets are formed in protoplanetary disks, there is still much debate on when this process happens. In a few cases protoplanets have been directly imaged, but for the vast majority of systems, disk gaps and cavities -- seen especially in dust continuum observations -- have been the strongest evidence of recent or on-going planet formation. We present ALMA observations of a nearly edge-on ($i = 75^{\circ}$) disk containing a giant gap seen in dust but not in $^{12}$CO gas. Inside the gap, the molecular gas has a warm (100 K) component coinciding in position with a tentative free-free emission excess observed with the VLA. Using 1D hydrodynamic models, we find the structure of the gap is consistent with being carved by a planet with 4-70 $M_{\rm Jup}$. The coincidence of free-free emission inside the planet-carved gap points to the planet being very young and/or still accreting. In addition, the $^{12}$CO observations reveal low-velocity large scale filaments aligned with the disk major axis and velocity coherent with the disk gas that we interpret as ongoing gas infall from the local ISM. This system appears to be an interesting case where both a star (from the environment and the disk) and a planet (from the disk) are growing in tandem.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Additional file 1 of Assessing exposure to war-related traumatic events in older Vietnamese war survivors
Creators: name: Young, Yvette
name: Korinek, Kim
name: Zimmer, Zachary
name: Toan, Tran Khanh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Appendices.
Terrestrial Planet Formation in Extra-Solar Planetary Systems
Creators: name: Raymond, Sean N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Terrestrial planets form in a series of dynamical steps from the solid component of circumstellar disks. First, km-sized planetesimals form likely via a combination of sticky collisions, turbulent concentration of solids, and gravitational collapse from micron-sized dust grains in the thin disk midplane. Second, planetesimals coalesce to form Moon- to Mars-sized protoplanets, also called "planetary embryos". Finally, full-sized terrestrial planets accrete from protoplanets and planetesimals. This final stage of accretion lasts about 10-100 Myr and is strongly affected by gravitational perturbations from any gas giant planets, which are constrained to form more quickly, during the 1-10 Myr lifetime of the gaseous component of the disk. It is during this final stage that the bulk compositions and volatile (e.g., water) contents of terrestrial planets are set, depending on their feeding zones and the amount of radial mixing that occurs. The main factors that influence terrestrial planet formation are the mass and surface density profile of the disk, and the perturbations from giant planets and binary companions if they exist. Simple accretion models predicts that low-mass stars should form small, dry planets in their habitable zones. The migration of a giant planet through a disk of rocky bodies does not completely impede terrestrial planet growth. Rather, "hot Jupiter" systems are likely to also contain exterior, very water-rich Earth-like planets, and also "hot Earths", very close-in rocky planets. Roughly one third of the known systems of extra-solar (giant) planets could allow a terrestrial planet to form in the habitable zone.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures. To appear in the proceedings of IAU Symposium 249: Exoplanets: Detection, Formation and Dynamics, held in Suzhou, China, Oct 22-26 2007
Ecological ideas in the British Columbia conservation movement, 1945-1970
Creators: name: Keeling, Arn Michael
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This paper examines the hitherto neglected conservation movement in British Columbia after the Second World War. During the 1950s and early 1960s, the British Columbia Natural Resources Conference (BCNRC) and Roderick Haig-Brown were the province's most vocal and authoritative proponents of natural resource conservation. The BCNRC (1948-1970) held roughly annual conferences of leading bureaucrats, industry administrators and academics, who promoted scientific research and proposed resource management policies. Haig-Brown (d. 1976) was a well-known fishing writer and vocal conservationist who attended most of the conferences up to 1961 and wrote a popular book on natural resources for the BCNRC. Their activities generated public awareness of and concern for conservation during a period of rapidly expanding resource extraction. Although the common goal of prudent and rational resource use united Haig-Brown and the conference's managerial elite in the immediate postwar period, their conservation philosophies increasingly diverged after 1961. The ideals they articulated were rooted in the changing discourse about nature, which was deeply influenced in this period by the emerging science of ecology. However, ecological concepts led Haig-Brown and the BCNRC to different conclusions about how to deal with increasing resource use and environmental degradation. While the conference used ecology and economics to justify a regime of scientific resource management, Haig-Brown developed a critique of resource development based on humans' ethical responsibility for maintaining the integrity of ecosystems. This rift in conservation thought, and the public debate these conservationists generated, presaged the rise of environmentalism in the late 1960s.
Thermal Resistance at a Twist Boundary and Semicoherent Heterointerface
Creators: name: Gurunathan, Ramya
name: Hanus, Riley
name: Graham, Samuel
name: Garg, Anupam
name: Snyder, G. Jeffrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Traditional models of interfacial phonon scattering, including the acoustic mismatch model (AMM) and diffuse mismatch model (DMM), take into account the bulk properties of the material surrounding the interface, but not the atomic structure and properties of the interface itself. Here, we derive a theoretical formalism for the phonon scattering at a dislocation grid, or two interpenetrating orthogonal arrays of dislocations, as this is the most stable structure of both the symmetric twist boundary and semicoherent heterointerface. With this approach, we are able to separately examine the contribution to thermal resistance due to the step function change in acoustic properties and due to interfacial dislocation strain fields, which induces diffractive scattering. Both low-angle Si-Si twist boundaries and the Si-Ge heterointerfaces are considered here and compared to previous experimental and simulation results. This work indicates that scattering from misfit dislocation strain fields doubles the thermal boundary resistance of Si-Ge heterointerfaces compared to scattering due to acoustic mismatch alone. Scattering from grain boundary dislocation strain fields is predicted to dominate the thermal boundary resistance of Si-Si twist boundaries. This physical treatment can guide the thermal design of devices by quantifying the relative importance of interfacial strain fields, which can be engineered via fabrication and processing methods, versus acoustic mismatch, which is fixed for a given interface. Additionally, this approach captures experimental and simulation trends such as the dependence of thermal boundary resistance on the grain boundary angle and interfacial strain energy.
description: 11 figures
A Plausibility-based Fault Detection Method for High-level Fusion Perception Systems
Creators: name: Geissler, Florian
name: Unnervik, Alex
name: Paulitsch, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Trustworthy environment perception is the fundamental basis for the safe deployment of automated agents such as self-driving vehicles or intelligent robots. The problem remains that such trust is notoriously difficult to guarantee in the presence of systematic faults, e.g. non-traceable errors caused by machine learning functions. One way to tackle this issue without making rather specific assumptions about the perception process is plausibility checking. Similar to the reasoning of human intuition, the final outcome of a complex black-box procedure is verified against given expectations of an object's behavior. In this article, we apply and evaluate collaborative, sensor-generic plausibility checking as a mean to detect empirical perception faults from their statistical fingerprints. Our real use case is next-generation automated driving that uses a roadside sensor infrastructure for perception augmentation, represented here by test scenarios at a German highway and a city intersection. The plausibilization analysis is integrated naturally in the object fusion process, and helps to diagnose known and possibly yet unknown faults in distributed sensing systems.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Visualizing Quasiparticles from Quantum Entanglement for general 1D phases
Creators: name: Wybo, Elisabeth
name: Pollmann, Frank
name: Sondhi, S. L.
name: You, Yizhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we present a quantum information framework for the entanglement behavior of the low energy quasiparticle (QP) excitations in various quantum phases in one-dimensional (1D) systems. We first establish an exact correspondence between the correlation matrix and the QP entanglement Hamiltonian for free fermions and find an extended in-gap state in the QP entanglement Hamiltonian as a consequence of the position uncertainty of the QP. A more general understanding of such an in-gap state can be extended to a Kramers theorem for the QP entanglement Hamiltonian, which also applies to strongly interacting systems. Further, we present a set of ubiquitous entanglement spectrum features, dubbed entanglement fragmentation, conditional mutual information, and measurement induced non-local entanglement for QPs in 1D symmetry protected topological phases. Our result thus provides a new framework to identify different phases of matter in terms of their QP entanglement.
description: 13 pages, 13 figures
Grammatical elicitation: Causatives
Creators: name: Kipkoech, Linus
name: Bossi, Madeline
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: sgc

description: Two .wav files (I with lavalier mic, M with in-recorder mic). See Notebook 3 (file bundle 2019-26.003). Elicitation of causatives with various verbs.
Exploring the key elements influencing dispensed medicine label comprehension: A scoping review protocol
Creators: name: Aspden, Trudi
name: Hanning, Sara
name: Pugh, Greer
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Consumer comprehension
subject: Dispensed medicine labels
subject: Health communication
subject: Medicine information
subject: Pharmacy

description: A dispensed medicine label contains important personalised instructions for consumers and their support people about how to take a medicine. It is adhered directly to the medicine container so that the consumer can refer to it when needed. Understanding the information contained on the label is important for taking the medicine appropriately and maximising treatment benefits. Therefore, identifying which elements contribute to the comprehension of dispensed medicine labels is important to encourage safer pharmacy practices. The objective of this scoping review is to identify the key elements that contribute to the comprehension of dispensed medicine labels using international literature.

This scoping review will include empirical studies investigating the understandability of dispensed medicine label instructions. Only studies that consider comprehension from a consumer perspective will be included. Studies investigating other sources of health information provided as text including standard warning labels, medicine leaflets or online information will be excluded from this review. The scoping review will be guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis extension for scoping reviews. A comprehensive search of databases, including MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase, Scopus and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), will be performed using search terms such as prescriptions, label, instructions, understandability, comprehension and patient. Eligible studies will be analysed and key details extracted into a table containing details about the context, participants, methodologies, key outcomes /findings and study limitations. This information will then be collated into themes, tabulated and discussed in the text.
Early Detection of Thermoacoustic Instabilities in a Cryogenic Rocket Thrust Chamber using Combustion Noise Features and Machine Learning
Creators: name: Waxenegger-Wilfing, Günther
name: Sengupta, Ushnish
name: Martin, Jan
name: Armbruster, Wolfgang
name: Hardi, Justin
name: Juniper, Matthew
name: Oschwald, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Combustion instabilities are particularly problematic for rocket thrust chambers because of their high energy release rates and their operation close to the structural limits. In the last decades, progress has been made in predicting high amplitude combustion instabilities but still, no reliable prediction ability is given. Reliable early warning signals are the main requirement for active combustion control systems. In this paper, we present a data-driven method for the early detection of thermoacoustic instabilities. Recurrence quantification analysis is used to calculate characteristic combustion features from short-length time series of dynamic pressure sensor data. Features like the recurrence rate are used to train support vector machines to detect the onset of an instability a few hundred milliseconds in advance. The performance of the proposed method is investigated on experimental data from a representative LOX/H$_2$ research thrust chamber. In most cases, the method is able to timely predict two types of thermoacoustic instabilities on test data not used for training. The results are compared with state-of-the-art early warning indicators.
Non-commutative (D)-instantons
Creators: name: Billo, Marco
name: Frau, Marialuisa
name: Sciuto, Stefano
name: Vallone, Giuseppe
name: Lerda, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study systems of D3 and D(-1) branes in a NS-NS magnetic background and show that, when the brane configuration is stable, the physical degrees of freedom of the open strings with at least one end-point on the D-instantons describe the ADHM moduli of instantons for non-commutative gauge theories. We also prove that disk diagrams with mixed boundary conditions are the sources for the classical profile of the non-commutative gauge instantons in the singular gauge. We finally compare the string theory description in a large distance expansion with the non-commutative ADHM construction in the singular gauge and find complete agreement at perturbative level in the non-commutativity parameter.
description: 36 pages, 3 figures, JHEP class (included); a few references added
title: Crisis management in family firm internationalization processes
Creators: name: Kern, Maximilian
Year: 2024

description: Diese Masterarbeit untersucht den Internationalisierungsprozess eines Familienunternehmens in Krisenzeiten. Obwohl sich die existierende Fachliteratur, einschließlich der internationalen Unternehmens- und Familienunternehmensforschung, intensiv mit der Internationalisierung von Familienunternehmen befasst hat, fehlt es noch an Erkenntnissen über das Management von Krisen und deren Auswirkungen auf den Internationalisierungsprozess. Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht ein Familienweingut in der fünften Generation mit Hilfe qualitativer Methoden, mittels Durchführung 14 semi-strukturierter Interviews. Die Ergebnisse bestätigen die Bedeutung des Ausbaus und der Rekonstruktion des sozio-emotionalen Reichtums, und somit der Berücksichtigung des Humankapitals (familienfremde und familienangehörige Personen), der Einzigartigkeit von Familienunternehmen durch ihre Organisationsstruktur sowie antizipierender Maßnahmen zur Sicherstellung der Reaktionsbereitschaft durch die Anwendung der Assemblage-Theorie.
description: This thesis examines the internationalization processes of a family firm while encountering crises. Although existing literature, including the fields of international business and family firm research, has intensively examined the internationalization of family businesses, there is still a lack of recognition regarding the management of crises and their effects on the internationalization process. This thesis examines a fifth-generation family-run winery using qualitative methods by conducting 14 semi-structured interviews. The results confirm the importance of extending and reconstructing socioemotional wealth, thus considering human capital (non-family as well as family members), the uniqueness of family firms through their organizational structure as well as anticipatory measures ensuring crisis readiness through the adoption of assemblage theory.
Petrogenesis of high-Mg andesites from the Proterozoic Shillong Basin, Northeast India: evidence for continuation of the Central Indian Tectonic Zone to the Assam-Meghalaya Gneissic Complex and its implications for the Columbia supercontinent reconstruction
Creators: name: Borah, Deepshikha
name: Chauhan, Hiredya
name: Saikia, Ashima
name: Gogoi, Bibhuti
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biochemistry
Cell Biology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer

description: This study provides comprehensive geochemical and petrological data for the newly discovered high-magnesium andesites (HMAs) from the Shillong Group of rocks in the Proterozoic Shillong Basin of the Assam-Meghalaya Gneissic Complex (AMGC). It is the first report of HMAs from the easternmost part of the Indian shield region. The AMGC holds immense geodynamic significance because this region has recorded magmatism related to Columbia, Rodinia, and Pangea supercontinental events. The present work discusses geochemical signatures of the Shillong HMAs characterized by calc-alkaline traits with high-K contents and significant concentrations of TiO₂ (0.54–0.76 wt %) higher than boninites (TiO2 < 0.5 wt %), and Mg# (53–56). They exhibit high LILE/HFSE and LREE/HREE ratios, which are distinctive features of magmas generated in subduction zones. Tectonic discrimination diagrams clearly suggest that the Shillong HMAs were generated in a back-arc basin regime. We argue that the Shillong HMAs were derived by 5% to 10% partial melting of a depleted lherzolite mantle source within the spinel – garnet transition zone. We also argue that the Shillong HMAs may have formed as a result of the interaction between subducted sediment-derived melts and mantle. The Shillong HMAs have undergone low- to medium-grade greenschist facies metamorphism characterized by significant mineral alteration, however, they still preserve bulk original alteration-resistant trace element compositions. From a regional perspective, the synchronous nature of origin and geotectonic setting, associated geochronological ages of formation, and regional structural trends suggest that the Shillong Basin is the easternmost continuation of the Mahakoshal Mobile Belt and specifically, the Bathani volcano-sedimentary sequence of the Central Indian Tectonic Zone (CITZ); and together they form the northern fragments of the same suture zone consisting of the CITZ, the Chotanagpur Granite Gneiss Complex, and the AMGC, which demarcates the northern and southern Indian blocks of the Greater Indian Landmass.
Meissner effect in nonstandard superconductors
Creators: name: Hirsch, J. E.
name: Marsiglio, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It was recently pointed out that so-called "superhydrides", hydrogen-rich materials that appear to become superconducting at high temperatures and pressures, exhibit physical properties that are different from both conventional and unconventional standard type I and type II superconductors [1,2]. Here we consider magnetic field expulsion in the first material in this class discovered in 2015, sulfur hydride [3]. A nuclear resonant scattering experiment has been interpreted as demonstration that the Meissner effect takes place in this material [4,5]. Here we point out that the observed effect, under the assumption that the system is in thermodynamic equilibrium, implies a Meissner pressure [6] in this material that is {\it much larger} than that of standard superconductors. This suggests that hydride superconductors are qualitatively different from the known standard superconductors {\it if} they are superconductors.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Tunable charge carriers and thermoelectricity of single-crystal Ba8Ga16Sn30
Creators: name: Avila, M. A.
name: Huo, D.
name: Sakata, T.
name: Suekuni, K.
name: Takabatake, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have grown single crystals of the type-VIII intermetallic clathrate Ba8Ga16Sn30 from both Sn and Ga flux, evaluated their compositions through electron microprobe analysis and studied their transport properties through measurements on temperature dependent resistivity, thermopower and Hall coefficient. Crystals grown in Sn flux show n-type carriers and those from Ga flux show p-type carriers, whereas all measured compositions remain very close to the stoichiometric 8:16:30 proportion of Ba:Ga:Sn, expected from charge-balance principles. Our results indicate a very high sensitivity of the charge carrier nature and density with respect to the growth conditions, leading to relevant differences in transport properties which point to the importance of tuning this material for optimal thermoelectric performance.
description: Revised version accepted in J. Phys.: Cond. Mat