cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On the role of closed timelike curves and confinement structure around Kerr-Newman singularity
Creators: name: Dutta, Ayanendu
name: Roy, Dhritimalya
name: Chakraborty, Subenoy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, the particle motion around the naked singularity and black hole of Kerr-Newman spacetime is investigated with a special attention on the closed timelike orbits. It is found that both in the naked singularity (NS) and in black hole (BH), the singularity is concealed by causality violating regions, and the Cauchy surface consistently resides inside the inner horizon in non-extremal black holes. For neutral particles and particles with an identical charge to the source, only particles with positive angular momentum are permitted to traverse the closed timelike curves. Conversely, for particles with the opposite charge to the source, the strong Coulomb attraction draws all particles inside the Cauchy surface, allowing them to be present in the closed timelike curves irrespective of their angular momentum. However, in both the NS and BH (both extremal and non-extremal), test particles are confined at a considerable distance from the singular point such that there always exists an empty region surrounding the singularity which prevents particles from interacting with it. The radius of the empty surface that depends on the source parameters and the particle characteristics, is investigated with an accurate expression.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures, accepted in IJMPD
Spin torque gate magnetic field sensor
Creators: name: Xie, Hang
name: Chen, Xin
name: Luo, Ziyan
name: Wu, Yihong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin-orbit torque provides an efficient pathway to manipulate the magnetic state and magnetization dynamics of magnetic materials, which is crucial for energy-efficient operation of a variety of spintronic devices such as magnetic memory, logic, oscillator, and neuromorphic computing. Here, we describe and experimentally demonstrate a strategy for the realization of a spin torque gate magnetic field sensor with extremely simple structure by exploiting the longitudinal field dependence of the spin torque driven magnetization switching. Unlike most magnetoresistance sensors which require a delicate magnetic bias to achieve a linear response to the external field, the spin torque gate sensor can achieve the same without any magnetic bias, which greatly simplifies the sensor structure. Furthermore, by driving the sensor using an ac current, the dc offset is automatically suppressed, which eliminates the need for a bridge or compensation circuit. We verify the concept using the newly developed WTe2/Ti/CoFeB trilayer and demonstrate that the sensor can work linearly in the range of 3-10 Oe with negligible dc offset.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures
Polyakov Loop Susceptibility and Correlators in the Chiral Limit
Creators: name: Clarke, David A.
name: Kaczmarek, Olaf
name: Karsch, Frithjof
name: Lahiri, Anirban
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In quenched QCD the Polyakov loop is an order parameter of the deconfinement transition, but with decreasing quark mass, the peak in the Polyakov loop susceptibility becomes less pronounced, and it loses its interpretation as an indicator for deconfinement. For this $N_f=2+1$ HISQ study, we fix the strange quark mass $m_s$ at its physical value and investigate the dependence of the Polyakov loop on the light quark mass $m_l$ in the range $m_s/m_l=27-160$, following $m_l$ toward the chiral limit. In particular we will look how the inflection point and susceptibility behave as we decrease $m_l$, to see whether one finds any indication of a crossover, and therefore whether the Polyakov loop is sensitive to the chiral phase transition. Preliminary results show no signal of a crossover from the real part of the Polyakov loop in the vicinity of the chiral crossover. Closely related is an investigation of Polyakov loop correlations and the Debye mass in this limit. Preliminary results suggest little or no dependence on $m_l$.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, presented at the 37th International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory
Texto: A perdiz
Creators: name: Tamuxi, Luiz
name: Bardagil Mas, Bernat
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: Manoki language

description: Luíz Tamuxi conta a história da perdiz, primeiro em português e depois em mỹky.
Luíz Tamuxi tells the myth of the tinamou bird, first in Portuguese and then in Mỹky.
Pliability and Approximating Max-CSPs
Creators: name: Romero, Miguel
name: Wrochna, Marcin
name: Živný, Stanislav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: G.2.2; F.2.2
subject: 68R10, 05C75, 68W25, 68Q17

description: We identify a sufficient condition, treewidth-pliability, that gives a polynomial-time algorithm for an arbitrarily good approximation of the optimal value in a large class of Max-2-CSPs parameterised by the class of allowed constraint graphs (with arbitrary constraints on an unbounded alphabet). Our result applies more generally to the maximum homomorphism problem between two rational-valued structures.
 The condition unifies the two main approaches for designing a polynomial-time approximation scheme. One is Baker's layering technique, which applies to sparse graphs such as planar or excluded-minor graphs. The other is based on Szemerédi's regularity lemma and applies to dense graphs. We extend the applicability of both techniques to new classes of Max-CSPs. On the other hand, we prove that the condition cannot be used to find solutions (as opposed to approximating the optimal value) in general.
 Treewidth-pliability turns out to be a robust notion that can be defined in several equivalent ways, including characterisations via size, treedepth, or the Hadwiger number. We show connections to the notions of fractional-treewidth-fragility from structural graph theory, hyperfiniteness from the area of property testing, and regularity partitions from the theory of dense graph limits. These may be of independent interest. In particular we show that a monotone class of graphs is hyperfinite if and only if it is fractionally-treewidth-fragile and has bounded degree.
description: Full version of a SODA'21 paper
Degree irregularity and rank probability bias in network meta-analysis
Creators: name: Davies, Annabel L
name: Galla, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Network meta-analysis (NMA) is a statistical technique for the comparison of treatment options. The nodes of the network are the competing treatments and edges represent comparisons of treatments in trials. Outcomes of Bayesian NMA include estimates of treatment effects, and the probabilities that each treatment is ranked best, second best and so on. How exactly network geometry affects the accuracy and precision of these outcomes is not fully understood. Here we carry out a simulation study and find that disparity in the number of trials involving different treatments leads to a systematic bias in estimated rank probabilities. This bias is associated with an increased variation in the precision of treatment effect estimates. Using ideas from the theory of complex networks, we define a measure of `degree irregularity' to quantify asymmetry in the number of studies involving each treatment. Our simulations indicate that more regular networks have more precise treatment effect estimates and smaller bias of rank probabilities. We also find that degree regularity is a better indicator of NMA quality than both the total number of studies in a network and the disparity in the number of trials per comparison. These results have implications for planning future trials. We demonstrate that choosing trials which reduce the network's irregularity can improve the precision and accuracy of NMA outcomes.
description: 15 pages, 14 figures
Thermal Evaporation of Gas from X-ray Clusters
Creators: name: Loeb, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A fraction of the thermal protons in the outer envelope of an X-ray cluster have velocities that exceed the local escape speed from the cluster gravitational potential. The Coulomb mean-free-path of these protons is larger than the virial radius of the cluster at temperatures >2.5 keV. The resulting leakage of suprathermal particles generates a collisionless shock in neighboring voids and fills them with heat and magnetic fields. The momentum flux of suprathermal particles cannot be confined by magnetic tension at the typical field strength in the periphery of cluster halos (<<1 micro-gauss). Over a Hubble time, thermal evaporation could drain up to a tenth of the cluster gas at its virial temperature. The evaporated fraction could increase dramatically if additional heat is deposited into the gas by cluster mergers, active galactic nuclei or supernovae. Thermal evaporation is not included in existing cosmological simulations since they are based on the fluid approximation. Measurements of the baryon mass fraction in the outer envelopes of hot clusters (through their Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect or X-ray emission) can be used to empirically constrain their evaporation rate.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
Numerical simulations of a ballistic spin interferometer with the Rashba spin-orbital interaction
Creators: name: Zhu, Zhenyue
name: Sun, Qing-feng
name: Chen, Bin
name: Xie, X. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically investigate the transport behavior of a quasi one-dimension (1D) square loop device containing the Rashba spin-orbital interaction in the presence of a magnetic flux. The conductance versus the magnetic field shows the Al'tshuler-Aronov-Spivak (AAS) and Aharonov-Bohm (AB) oscillations. We focus on the oscillatory amplitudes, and find that both of them are strongly dependent on the spin precession angle (i.e. the strength of the spin-orbit interaction) and exhibit no-periodic oscillations, which are well in agreement with a recent experiment by Koga et al. [cond-mat/0504743(unpublished)]. However, our numerical results for the ideal 1D square loop device for the node positions of the amplitudes of the AB and AAS oscillations are found to be of some discrepancies comparing with quasi-1D square loop with a finite width. In the presence of disorder and taking the disorder ensemble average, the AB oscillation in the conductance will disappear, while the time-reversal symmetric AAS oscillation still remains. Furthermore, the node positions of the AAS oscillatory amplitude remains the same.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures
Charge-Swapping Q-balls and Their Lifetimes
Creators: name: Xie, Qi-Xin
name: Saffin, Paul M.
name: Zhou, Shuang-Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For scalar theories accommodating spherically symmetric Q-balls, there are also towers of quasi-stable composite Q-balls, called charge swapping Q-balls (CSQs). We investigate the properties, particularly the lifetimes, of these long-lived CSQs in 2+1D and 3+1D using numerical simulations with efficient second order absorbing boundary conditions. We find that the evolution of a CSQ typically consists of 4 distinct stages: initial relaxation, first plateau (CSQ stage), fast decay and second plateau (oscillon stage). We chart the lifetimes of CSQs for different parameters of the initial conditions and of the potential, and show the attractor behavior and other properties of the CSQs.
description: 33 pages, 32 figures
VECSEL systems for quantum information processing with trapped beryllium ions
Creators: name: Burd, S. C.
name: Penttinen, J. -P.
name: Hou, P. -Y.
name: Knaack, H. M.
name: Ranta, S.
name: Mäki, M.
name: Kantola, E.
name: Guina, M.
name: Slichter, D. H.
name: Leibfried, D.
name: Wilson, A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser (VECSEL) systems producing ultraviolet (UV) radiation at 235 nm and 313 nm are demonstrated. The systems are suitable for quantum information processing applications with trapped beryllium ions. Each system consists of a compact, single-frequency, continuous-wave VECSEL producing high-power near-infrared light, tunable over tens of nanometers. One system generates 2.4 W at 940 nm, using a gain mirror based on GaInAs/GaAs quantum wells, which is converted to 54 mW of 235 nm light for photoionization of neutral beryllium atoms. The other system uses a novel gain mirror based on GaInNAs/GaAs quantum-wells, enabling wavelength extension with manageable strain in the GaAs lattice. This system generates 1.6 W at 1252 nm, which is converted to 41 mW of 313 nm light that is used to laser cool trapped $^{9}$Be$^{+}$ ions and to implement quantum state preparation and detection. The 313 nm system is also suitable for implementing high-fidelity quantum gates, and more broadly, our results extend the capabilities of VECSEL systems for applications in atomic, molecular, and optical physics.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Entanglement harvesting in buckled honeycomb lattices by vacuum fluctuations in a microcavity
Creators: name: Arreyes, Facundo
name: Escudero, Federico
name: Ardenghi, Juan Sebastián
name: Juan, Alfredo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the entanglement harvesting between two identical buckled honeycomb lattices placed inside a planar microcavity. By applying time dependent perturbation theory, we obtain quantum correlations between both layers induced by the cavity field. Considering the vacuum state as the initial state of the cavity field and tracing out the time-evolved degrees of freedom, we analyze the entanglement formation using the concurrence measure. We show that the concurrence depends on the virtual photon exchanged and the positions of the layer through the interlayer photon propagator. Furthermore, we find that the formation of entanglement between equal energy electrons tends to be enhanced when they move in perpendicular directions. Our results indicate that a buckled honeycomb structure and a large spin-orbit interaction favor the entanglement harvesting.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Cox rings of algebraic stacks
Creators: name: Hochenegger, Andreas
name: Martinengo, Elena
name: Tonini, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13A02 (Primary) 14A20, 14L24 (Secondary)

description: We give a proper definition of the multiplicative structure of the following rings: the Cox ring of invertible sheaves on a general algebraic stack; and the Cox ring of rank one reflexive sheaves on a normal and excellent algebraic stack. We show that such Cox rings always exist and establish their (non-)uniqueness in terms of an Ext-group. Moreover, we compare our definition with the classical construction of a Cox ring on a variety. Finally, we give an application to the theory of Mori dream stacks.
description: 23 pages, minor changes. Same content as published version
S-bases as a tool to solve reduction problems for Feynman integrals
Creators: name: Smirnov, A. V.
name: Smirnov, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We suggest a mathematical definition of the notion of master integrals and present a brief review of algorithmic methods to solve reduction problems for Feynman integrals based on integration by parts relations. In particular, we discuss a recently suggested reduction algorithm which uses Groebner bases. New results obtained with its help for a family of three-loop Feynman integrals are outlined.
description: 5 pages, uses espcrc2.sty
Hansenocaris undetermined
Creators: name: Olesen, Jørgen
name: Grygier, Mark J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Maxillopoda
Hansenocarididae
Hansenocaris
Hansenocaris undetermined

description: Y-nauplius Type AK
Figs 2, 19A–E
Material examined
JAPAN – Okinawa, Sesoko I., laboratory pier, 26°38ʹ09.4ʺ N, 127°51ʹ55.2ʺ E • 1 LSN; 1991–2005 • 4 LSN, 1 of which molted to a cyprid; 2018–2019 (Tables 1 and S1).
Description
LAST-STAGE NAUPLIUS (LSN). Lecithotrophic. Body narrowly ovate in dorso-ventral view; about 1.7 times as long as wide; lateral margins tapering gradually towards caudal end with very slight discontinuity at posterior end of cephalic shield. In lateral view, trunk axis downturned 35–40° with respect to cephalic axis. Length 330–350 µm (without dorso-caudal spine), greatest width ca 200 µm, greatest dorso-ventral thickness ca 100 µm. Labrum weakly produced as bell-shaped elevation; not clearly divided into facets; pores not examined in detail but at least three present, one in posterior midline and one pair in postero-lateral corners. Caudal end rounded, terminating in three almost identical, 20 µm long, narrow-conical, pointed caudal spines; among them, ventro-laterally situated furcal spines narrower at base than dorsal-caudal spine.
CYPRID VIEWED THROUGH CUTICLE OF LSN. Body overall weakly brownish, but terminal part of telson with distinct dark-brown pigmentation. Gut-like central tube in telson containing orange yolk granules. Telson about as long as wide, less than half as long as thorax.
Identification and variation
Easily recognizable by its general body form, especially the three equally long, thin caudal spines, and the brown pigmentation of the cyprid’s telson. Variation among specimens was insignificant but few specimens were examined.
Distribution
Japan (Sesoko Island, Okinawa).
description: Published as part of Olesen, Jørgen & Grygier, Mark J., 2024, Taxonomic diversity of marine planktonic ' y-larvae' (Crustacea: Facetotecta) from a coral reef hotspot locality (Japan, Okinawa), with a key to y-nauplii, pp. 1-90 in European Journal of Taxonomy 929 (1) on page 48, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2024.929.2479, http://zenodo.org/record/10876286
Extended Capillary Waves and the Negative Rigidity Coefficient in the d=2 SOS model
Creators: name: Stecki, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The solid-on-solid (SOS) model of an interface separating two phases is exactly soluble in two dimensions (d=2) when the interface becomes a one-dimensional string. The exact solution in terms of the transfer matrix is recalled and the density-density correlation function $H(z_1,z_2;Δx)$ together with its projections, is computed. It is demonstrated that the shape fluctuations follow the (extended) capillary-wave theory expression $S(q)=kT/(D+γq^2 +κq^4) $ for sufficiently small wave vectors $q$. We find $κ$ {\it negative}, $κ<0$ . At $q=2π$ there is a strong nearest-neighbor peak. Both these results confirm the earlier findings as established in simulations in d=3 and in continuous space, but now in an exactly soluble lattice model.
description: file.tex plus 4 (four) figures in Postscript
Accelerated Gradient Methods for Sparse Statistical Learning with Nonconvex Penalties
Creators: name: Yang, Kai
name: Asgharian, Masoud
name: Bhatnagar, Sahir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Nesterov's accelerated gradient (AG) is a popular technique to optimize objective functions comprising two components: a convex loss and a penalty function. While AG methods perform well for convex penalties, such as the LASSO, convergence issues may arise when it is applied to nonconvex penalties, such as SCAD. A recent proposal generalizes Nesterov's AG method to the nonconvex setting. The proposed algorithm requires specification of several hyperparameters for its practical application. Aside from some general conditions, there is no explicit rule for selecting the hyperparameters, and how different selection can affect convergence of the algorithm. In this article, we propose a hyperparameter setting based on the complexity upper bound to accelerate convergence, and consider the application of this nonconvex AG algorithm to high-dimensional linear and logistic sparse learning problems. We further establish the rate of convergence and present a simple and useful bound to characterize our proposed optimal damping sequence. Simulation studies show that convergence can be made, on average, considerably faster than that of the conventional proximal gradient algorithm. Our experiments also show that the proposed method generally outperforms the current state-of-the-art methods in terms of signal recovery.
description: 42 pages, 13 figures
Texto: Expedição de contato com os Rikbaktsa
Creators: name: Tamuxi, Luiz
name: Bardagil Mas, Bernat
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: Manoki language

description: Luíz Tamuxi conta sobre uma expedição de contato com o povo Rikbaktsa (os Canoeiros) da qual ele fez parte.
Luíz Tamuxi recounts an expedition to make contact with the Rikbaktsa (the Canoeiros) in which he took part.
Quasiclassical solutions for static quantum black holes
Creators: name: Berglund, Kallan
name: Bojowald, Martin
name: Diaz, Manuel
name: Sims, Gianni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new form of quasiclassical space-time dynamics for constrained systems reveals how quantum effects can be derived systematically from canonical quantization of gravitational systems. These quasiclassical methods lead to additional fields, representing quantum fluctuations and higher moments, that are coupled to the classical metric components. The new fields describe non-adiabatic quantum dynamics and can be interpreted as implicit formulations of non-local quantum corrections in a field theory. This field-theory aspect is studied here for the first time, applied to a gravitational system for which a tractable model is constructed. Static solutions for the relevant fields can be obtained in almost closed form. They reveal new properties of potential near-horizon and asymptotic effects in canonical quantum gravity and demonstrate the overall consistency of the formalism.
description: 31 pages, 1 figure; v2: additional discussions of consistency conditions and asymptotic behavior
Goldstone bosons in the color-flavor locked phase
Creators: name: Werth, Verena
name: Buballa, Michael
name: Oertel, Micaela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study pseudoscalar meson excitations in the color-flavor locked phase within a Nambu-Jona-Lasinio-type model by calculating diquark loops.
description: Talk given by V.W. at the Helmholtz International Summer School "Dense Matter In Heavy Ion Collisions and Astrophysics", Dubna, August 21 - September 1, 2006; 4 pages, to appear in the proceedings
Additive Sparsification of CSPs
Creators: name: Pelleg, Eden
name: Živný, Stanislav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multiplicative cut sparsifiers, introduced by Benczúr and Karger [STOC'96], have proved extremely influential and found various applications. Precise characterisations were established for sparsifiability of graphs with other 2-variable predicates on Boolean domains by Filtser and Krauthgamer [SIDMA'17] and non-Boolean domains by Butti and Živný [SIDMA'20].
 Bansal, Svensson and Trevisan [FOCS'19] introduced a weaker notion of sparsification termed "additive sparsification", which does not require weights on the edges of the graph. In particular, Bansal et al. designed algorithms for additive sparsifiers for cuts in graphs and hypergraphs.
 As our main result, we establish that all Boolean Constraint Satisfaction Problems (CSPs) admit an additive sparsifier; that is, for every Boolean predicate $P:\{0,1\}^k\to\{0,1\}$ of a fixed arity $k$, we show that CSP($P$) admits an additive sparsifier. Under our newly introduced notion of all-but-one sparsification for non-Boolean predicates, we show that CSP($P$) admits an additive sparsifier for any predicate $P:D^k\to\{0,1\}$ of a fixed arity $k$ on an arbitrary finite domain $D$.
description: Full version of an ESA'21 paper
Openness Profile: Modelling Research Evaluation for Open Scholarship
Creators: name: Murphy, Fiona
name: Jones, Phill
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Open Science; Open Research; Evaluation; Incentives

description: Presentation to the CNRS Journée Science Ouverte et Évaluation, 15 November 2021.
Whitlam's children? Labor and the Greens in Australia
Creators: name: Crowe, Shaun
Publisher: name: Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Labor
Greens
Australian politics

description: Over the past three decades, the gradual rise of the Australian Greens has transformed Australian politics. Where the Australian Labor Party once enjoyed parliamentary dominance over the progressive left, it now shares space with the minor party. At both the state and federal level, Labor has depended on Greens support to form government, and even more frequently to pass contentious legislation. After the 2010 federal election and its resulting minority parliament, the first in almost seventy years, the two parties signed a formal ‘Agreement’, with the Greens guaranteeing Labor confidence in return for policy demands and a great role in government. In the following three years, the Labor and Greens relationship received unprecedented public scrutiny. The Agreement and surrounding theatre became a major theme of the government – one amplified by Labor’s opponents. Focusing on this first federal minority experience, the thesis examines the Labor and Greens relationship in Australia. Across forty-one interviews with federal representatives, it sought each party’s institutional perspective on a range of issues. Was the formal Agreement an effective model for minority government, and did it serve either party’s interests? What were the defining institutional and ideological differences between Labor and the Greens? In the longer term, was a closer arrangement possible, and did either party desire it? On top of these questions, the thesis examined a number of difficult policy areas facing the minority arrangement – carbon pricing, refugee processing and mining taxation. While the research revealed a number of different perspectives, even within parties, it uncovered a productive, though often hostile parliamentary relationship; united by a series of shared values, but divided by different approaches to parliament, politics and pragmatism.
Quantum erasure based on phase structure
Creators: name: Yang, Ye
name: Wang, Chengyuan
name: Chen, Yun
name: Xv, Jianyi
name: Yang, Xin
name: Wang, Jinwen
name: Qiu, Shuwei
name: Gao, Hong
name: Li, Fuli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum eraser effect exemplifies the distinct properties of quantum mechanics that challenge classical intuition and expose the wave-particle duality of light. This effect has been extensively explored in various experiments; most of these investigations use polarisation to distinguish which path information, and less attention has been paid to the phase structure which is related wavefront of photon. In this study, we introduce a theoretical framework for quantum erasure that focusses on the phase structure and demonstrate it experimentally. In this experiment, we employ a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) where a first-order spiral phase plate (SPP) is integrated into one of its arms. This setup applied orbital angular momentum (OAM) to the photons and established predetermined which-way information. Consequently, the photon demonstrates its particle characteristics, with absence of interference at the MZI's output ports. Utilizing an additional SPP to erase the phase structure from the output photon results in pronounced interference patterns, observable in a post-measurement scenario. This result allows us to include the structure information of the equiphase plane of the light field in quantum erasure. The results challenge the traditional cause-effect relationship in classical physics, given that the subsequent choice of the SPP adheres to a space-like separation.
p-wave phase shift and scattering length of $^6$Li
Creators: name: Gautam, S.
name: Angom, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have calculated the p-wave phase shifts and scattering length of $^6$Li. For this we solve the $p$ partial wave Schrödinger equation and analyze the validity of adopting the semiclassical solution to evaluate the constant factors in the solution. Unlike in the $s$ wave case, the semiclassical solution does not provide unique value of the constants. We suggest an approximate analytic solution, which provides reliable results in special cases. Further more, we also use the variable phase method to evaluate the phase shifts. The p-wave scattering lengths of $^{132}$Cs and $^{134}$Cs are calculated to validate the schemes followed. Based on our calculations, the value of the $p$ wave scattering length of $^6$Li is $-45a_o$.
description: 10 figures
Theoretical foundations and covariant balances for chemical engineering applications with electromagnetic field
Creators: name: Jean-François, Cornet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A covariant formalism is used in order to examine the status of Maxwell equations and to unify the concept of balances, for all chemical engineering applications in relation with electrodynamics. The resulting formal structure serves as a discussion in studying the determinism of electromagnetic systems, and examining the theoretical foundations for a general classification of chemical engineering applications when non-conservative forces are concerned. A strategy for modeling such applications is then sketched and the balances for the main conserved and non-conserved extensive quantities are then summarized in their covariant and classical forms.
Reshaping Japan-Korea Relations: Transnational Advocacy Networks and the Politics of Redress
Creators: name: Richardson, Lauren Kate
Publisher: name: Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University
Year: 2017
Subjects: history problems: Japan-Korea relations
comfort women
forced labourers
atomic bomb victims
transnational advocacy networks

description: History problems remain the major bone of contention in contemporary Japan-South Korea relations. Paradoxically, while their historical roots in Japan’s colonization of the Korean peninsula have gradually receded, the diplomatic friction surrounding them has grown ever more intense. The post-Cold War era in particular has witnessed a marked surge in bilateral contention over the burden of the past. Challenging conventional state-centric and national conceptions of history problems, this dissertation explains the paradox as a rise in contentious activism in Japan and Korea that began against a backdrop of democratization in the late 1980s. Driving this trend were the Korean victims of Japanese colonial and wartime policies, intent on exacting redress for their historical ordeals, and their support networks in Korea and Japan. Based on extensive fieldwork in both countries, it argues that the essential dynamics of these victim-centric history problems have evolved not along national lines, but between the two governments on the one hand, and transnational advocacy networks anchored in Japan and Korea, on the other. The pressure tactics of these networks have become increasingly effectual over time, manifesting as a new logic for the bilateral relationship: one in which citizens are now agents in shaping state-to-state interaction. Drawing on case studies of Korean A-bomb victims, comfort women and forced laborers, the dissertation aims to explicate the influence of advocacy networks on inter-state behavior. It investigates the question: under what conditions and by what means do transnational advocacy networks affect the way that states interact? Through this inquiry it also establishes why certain networks have greater bearing on state-to-state relations than others. The analysis finds that among the array of tactics employed by transnational advocacy networks, those most likely to affect state-to-state interaction are: disclosure of inculpatory evidence; framing a grievance as a human rights issue; engaging external governments and international bodies; and litigation. In addition to (but not mutually exclusive of) these means, the conditions under which advocacy networks most affect state-to-state interaction are when: the target state is the sole culprit; the target state’s economic interests in the addressee state become threatened; and when a bilateral treaty clause is overturned. By establishing a causal connection between advocacy networks and inter-state behavior, this study offers novel insights into the fraught diplomatic trajectory of post-Cold War Japan-Korea relations, addresses a lacuna in the scholarship on history problems, and builds on the theoretical understanding of the role of transnational advocacy networks in international politics.
Synthesis and application of 1,1-divinylallene
Creators: name: Newton, Christopher Gordon
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2014

description: Cross-conjugated hydrocarbons possess the innate ability to rapidly generate polycyclic frameworks through sequences of diene-transmissive Diels-Alder reactions. Chapter 1 of this thesis reviews the application of this chemistry in synthesis, with particular attention given to those examples that best exemplify the state of the art. Despite many remarkable contributions, this examination highlights how little this methodology has been applied in target-orientated synthesis. Chapter 2 reports the first synthesis of 1,1-divinylallene. The arrangement of alkenes in this highly reactive cross-conjugated molecule permits a new diene-transmissive triple Diels-Alder cycloaddition sequence. This enables the synthesis of a fused tricyclic phenalene ring system in just one step. Controlled single additions have also been achieved, enabling the synthesis of diverse polycyclic compounds. The phenalene framework is embedded in a number of natural products, of which the pseudopterosins are perhaps the most well known. This family of biologically active glycosylated terpenes enjoy a rich synthetic history, and a comprehensive review of their total and formal syntheses is presented in Chapter 3. Finally, Chapter 4 details the successful application of a triple Diels-Alder sequence of a substituted 1,1-divinylallene in total synthesis. The enantioselective synthesis of the pseudopterosin (-)-G-J aglycone was accomplished using a new Kumada cross-coupling route to axially chiral vinylallenes, enabling the synthesis of the natural product in only eleven steps. This represents the most step economic synthesis of a pseudopterosin to date.
Nanoscale structural characterization of manganite thin films integrated to silicon correlated with their magnetic and electric properties
Creators: name: Carrero, Aneely
name: Roman, Augusto
name: Aguirre, Myriam
name: Steren, Laura B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A detailed nanoscale structural characterization was performed on high-quality La0.66Sr0.33MnO3 (LSMO) thin films of different thicknesses and deposited by pulsed laser deposition onto buffered Si (100) substrates. A multilayered structure built of Y0.13Zr0.87O2 (YSZ) and CeO2 layers was used as buffer in order to optimize the manganite films growth. The stacking of the different layers, their morpholohy, composition and strains were analysed using different experimental techniques. In-situ characterization of the films, performed with reflection high-energy electron diffraction, revealed their epitaxial growth and smooth surfaces. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) images showed sharp interfaces between the constituents lattices and combined with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis allowed us to determine that there was no ion interdifussion across them. The Fourier-Fast-Transform of the HR-TEM images was used to resolve the epitaxy relationship between the layers, resulting in [100] LSMO (001) // [110] CeO2 (001) // [110] YSZ (001) // [110] Si (001). The LSMO thin films were found to be ferromagnetic and metallic at low temperature regardless their thickness. The effect of strains and defects was only detected in films thinner than 15 nm and put in evidence by X-ray diffraction patterns and correlated with magnetic and electrical parameters.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures
Estimating the size of X-ray lamppost coronae in active galactic nuclei
Creators: name: Ursini, F.
name: Dovčiak, M.
name: Zhang, W.
name: Matt, G.
name: Petrucci, P. -O.
name: Done, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report estimates of the X-ray coronal size of active galactic nuclei in the lamppost geometry. In this commonly adopted scenario, the corona is assumed for simplicity to be a point-like X-ray source located on the axis of the accretion disc. However, the corona must intercept a number of optical/UV seed photons from the disc consistent with the observed X-ray flux, which constrains its size. We employ a relativistic ray-tracing code, originally developed by Dovčiak & Done (2016), that calculates the size of a Comptonizing lamppost corona illuminated by a standard thin disc. We assume that the disc extends down to the innermost stable circular orbit of a non-spinning or a maximally spinning black hole. We apply this method to a sample of 20 Seyfert 1 galaxies, using simultaneous optical/UV and X-ray archival data from XMM-Newton. At least for the sources accreting below the Eddington limit, we find that a Comptonizing lamppost corona can generally exist, but with constraints on its size and height above the event horizon of the black hole depending on the spin. For a maximally spinning black hole, a solution can almost always be found at any height, while for a non-spinning black hole the height must generally be higher than 5 gravitational radii. This is because, for a given luminosity, a higher spin implies more seed photons illuminating the corona due to a larger and hotter inner disc area. The maximal spin solution is favored, as it predicts an X-ray photon index in better agreement with the observations.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Elongation of Curvature-Bounded Path
Creators: name: Chen, Zheng
name: Wang, Kun
name: Lu, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The paper is concerned with elongating the shortest curvature-bounded path between two oriented points to an expected length. The elongation of curvature-bounded paths to an expected length is fundamentally important to plan missions for nonholonomic-constrained vehicles in many practical applications, such as coordinating multiple nonholonomic-constrained vehicles to reach a destination simultaneously or performing a mission with a strict time window. In the paper, the explicit conditions for the existence of curvature-bounded paths joining two oriented points with an expected length are established by applying the properties of the reachability set of curvature-bounded paths. These existence conditions are numerically verifiable, allowing readily checking the existence of curvature-bounded paths between two prescribed oriented points with a desired length. In addition, once the existence conditions are met, elongation strategies are provided in the paper to get curvature-bounded paths with expected lengths. Finally, some examples of minimum-time path planning for multiple fixed-wing aerial vehicles to cooperatively achieve a triangle-shaped flight formation are presented, illustrating and verifying the developments of the paper.
description: Only the section "Acknowledgments" has been updated in this replacement version
Evolving an Enzyme for Industrial Application
Creators: name: Alfaro Chávez, Ana Lucía
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2018
Subjects: directed evolution, protein engineering, lipase, enzyme, overexpression, solubility, thermo-stability, epPCR, random mutagenesis, CG8823, lip 3

description: Enzymes are very efficient biocatalysts. While there are many examples of applications of enzymes in commercial or industrial processes, the true potential of enzyme technology is yet to be reached. Protein engineering, particularly directed evolution, is a powerful tool for tailoring enzymes for specific tasks. This thesis is concerned with the use of directed evolution to enhance the physical and catalytic properties of a lipase, Lip 3 that was originally identified in Drosophila melanogaster. The gene for Lip 3, CG8823, had been synthesized with codons optimized for expression in E. coli. It expressed very well, but very little of the protein was soluble. Biochemically, Lip 3 was poorly characterized. However, there was good reason to believe that it, like most lipases, it possessed an alpha/beta hydrolase fold that formed the catalytic core onto which was grafted a cap domain responsible for binding substrates. Lip 3 was not an enzyme that was well suited for an industrial application. The idea was to see if I could bring about significant changes with directed evolution so that it could be considered a candidate for inclusion in a commercial product. That is one of the uses of directed evolution, to evolve enzymes for industrial purposes, rather than looking for naturally occurring enzymes that had suitable properties. There are very few naturally occurring enzymes that are stable in laundry powders or dishwashing detergents. They represent a harsh and challenging environment and their components, surface active agents and proteases as well as oxidizing agents are reagents that inactivated Lip 3 and most other enzymes. This thesis describes the process by which the catalytic properties of Lip 3 were enhanced as was the tolerance for surface active agent, proteases and oxidizing agents. The project was divided into three parts: 1) Evolution of stability, solubility and increased activity towards short chain esters; 2) Evolution of increased activity towards naturally occurring oils as well as tolerance to surface active agents and proteases and 3) Tolerance to hydrogen peroxide. At the end of each stage, variants were characterized with respect to physical and catalytic properties. The changes identified in selected variants were mapped onto a model of the Lip 3 structure to gain some insight into the relationship between sequence, structure and catalytic function.
A Càdlàg Rough Path Foundation for Robust Finance
Creators: name: Allan, Andrew L.
name: Liu, Chong
name: Prömel, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Finance (q-fin.MF)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 91G80, 60L20, 60G44

description: Using rough path theory, we provide a pathwise foundation for stochastic Itô integration, which covers most commonly applied trading strategies and mathematical models of financial markets, including those under Knightian uncertainty. To this end, we introduce the so-called Property (RIE) for càdlàg paths, which is shown to imply the existence of a càdlàg rough path and of quadratic variation in the sense of Föllmer. We prove that the corresponding rough integrals exist as limits of left-point Riemann sums along a suitable sequence of partitions. This allows one to treat integrands of non-gradient type, and gives access to the powerful stability estimates of rough path theory. Additionally, we verify that (path-dependent) functionally generated trading strategies and Cover's universal portfolio are admissible integrands, and that Property (RIE) is satisfied by both (Young) semimartingales and typical price paths.
description: 35 pages
Hard thermal loops and the entropy of supersymmetric Yang-Mills theories
Creators: name: Blaizot, J. -P.
name: Iancu, E.
name: Kraemmer, U.
name: Rebhan, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the previously proposed scheme of approximately self-consistent hard-thermal-loop resummations in the entropy of high-temperature QCD to N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills (SYM) theories and compare with a (uniquely determined) R[4,4] Padé approximant that interpolates accurately between the known perturbative result and the next-to-leading order strong-coupling result obtained from AdS/CFT correspondence. We find good agreement up to couplings where the entropy has dropped to about 85% of the Stefan-Boltzmann value. This is precisely the regime which in purely gluonic QCD corresponds to temperatures above 2.5 times the deconfinement temperature and for which this method of hard-thermal-loop resummation has given similar good agreement with lattice QCD results. This suggests that in this regime the entropy of both QCD and N=4 SYM is dominated by effectively weakly coupled hard-thermal-loop quasiparticle degrees of freedom. In N=4 SYM, strong-coupling contributions to the thermodynamic potential take over when the entropy drops below 85% of the Stefan-Boltzmann value.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures, JHEP3. v2: revised and expanded, with unchanged HTL results but corrected NLO strong-coupling result from AdS/CFT (which is incorrectly reproduced in almost all previous papers comparing weak and strong coupling results of N=4 SYM) and novel (unique) Pade approximant interpolating between weak and strong coupling results