cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Extracurricular activities in medical students, allies or enemies to achieve self-actualization?: A systematic review
Creators: name: Gordillo-Espinace, Eva
name: Palma-Bifani, Pamela
name: Dölz-Torres, Patricia
name: Rojas-Pino, Marcos
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2023

description: Background
 Today the world needs medical professionals trained in complex skills. However, the curricula in most universities focus more on the acquisition of theoretical knowledge and clinical skills. Evidence shows that participation in extracurricular activities (EA) allows the development of numerous skills. From Maslow's perspective, getting involved in EA would contribute to self-actualization, the highest step in the pyramid of human needs. On the other hand, negative impacts of participation in EA have been documented, such as burnout.

 Summary Of Work
 We aim to inform the impact of EA on self-actualization in medical students.
 A systematic search was carried out in 4 databases: SCOPUS, ERIC, WOS and PubMed, with 4 concepts: "Extracurricular activities", "Higher education", "Medical Students" and "Self Actualization", in Spanish, English and German. 5807 results (525 duplicates) were obtained. Using PRISMA protocol and COVIDENCE web-based software, three authors screened the publications and selected those matching the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Those studies that led to conflict were reviewed by a fourth author. Finally, 26 papers were obtained, which were reviewed and synthesized by the authors.

 Summary Of Results
 The analysis of the selected studies determined that the impact of EA on self-actualization of medical students is varied and depends on the type of EA, but generally they are associated with personal development, lower prevalence of burnout or stress, and better academic performance. Despite the above, it has been reported in some studies that EA are not an effective strategy for developing resilience or compassion.

 Discussion And Conclusion
 After the review and selection of the studies, only 26 investigations dealt with the topic of our search. The studies have methodologies that may support the existence of favorable biases towards EA, by using small samples or selected populations.
 Knowing the effects that EA have on self-actualization will serve to encourage student participation in them, allowing them to develop necessary skills for today's society and justify institutional support for this type of activity.

 Take Home Messages
 Extracurricular activities prove to be relevant for the development of self-actualization. Medical students should be encouraged to be involved in this type of activity, so they can achieve their maximum potential.
You can lead a horse to water: Exploring student engagement in non-compulsory activities to support learning
Creators: name: Kelley, Emma
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2023

description: Background
 Student engagement is often linked to student success, resulting in enhanced satisfaction and academic outcomes (Kuh, 2009). As a clinical lecturer at UCL Medical school offering non-compulsory study-skills sessions, I found that students engaged well with individual sessions, but attendance for group sessions was poor and extended to other non-compulsory activities. The aim of my study was to understand what influences student engagement in these non-compulsory activities and identify how to mitigate these factors and reach students who were not engaging.

 From my scoping review and my own experience, I proposed student engagement may be influenced by stigma, competition and overwhelm.

 Summary Of Work
 I invited all undergraduate medical students at UCL to take part in an interview. Taking a phenomenological approach, exploring participants’ lived experiences, I conducted eight semi-structured interviews with students across the program.

 These were anonymised, transcribed, and thematically analysed using NVivo. I used an iterative, inductive approach, analysing my data and adapting my questions after the first four interviews to incorporate emerging themes.

 Summary Of Results
 Emergent themes negatively influencing engagement included stigma and a reluctance to show weakness. This was associated with anonymity and clinical students noted competition as motivation to get an edge over peers, or simply to keep up. Clinical students were also sceptical and questioned the medical school’s motivation for running extra sessions.

 Positive influencing factors included familiarity with the facilitator and incentives. Other factors were peer-pressure, feeling overworked and students not deeming sessions relevant.

 Discussion And Conclusion
 Stigma and students’ reluctance to show weakness was one of the biggest negative influences on engagement. Students feared judgement from peers and felt that medical students always had to be in control, strong and composed.

 Simple solutions include using anonymous platforms and offering incentives. Whilst reducing stigma, competition and mistrust require a cultural change, the reasons behind these issues need to be unpacked. In the meantime, collaborating with student groups to develop sessions may mitigate scepticism and peer-pressure.

 Take Home Message
 Student engagement is complex and nuanced.

 It is impossible to guarantee engagement from all students, it is more important to have a targeted approach and improve engagement for students in need of extra support.
Medical curriculum development: Electives’ implementation and students’ satisfaction
Creators: name: Lassoued, Latifa
name: Tilouch, Samia
name: Jihene  Sahli
name: Khsiba, Amel
name: Kmira, Zahra
name: Imen Chabchoub
name: Hédi  Khairi
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2023

description: The elective courses represent a new experience at the Faculty of Medicine of Sousse- Tunisia. Our institution offers 34 electives to students in year 4 and 5. An observational study was conducted to assess the 5th year students' satisfaction with electives through a web-questionnaire sent at the end of the academic year 2021- 2022.
Skills developed by medical students during a research project
Creators: name: De Melo Scandiuzzi, Silvio
name: Machado, Henrique Tofoli Vieira
name: Krahl, Maria Vitória
name: Pimentel, Julia
name: Itaricely Istolé
name: Thiago Oberlaender
name: Sanfelice, Fernanda
name: Talita Caroline De Oliveira Valentino
name: Faria, Tamara Veiga
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2023

description: Competency-based learning promotes the ability of medical students to build knowledge, skills and attitudes to deal with situations and dilemmas in real life and in society. The challenge for medical students is to include in their routine the integration of learning, research and volunteer work proposed by educational institutions.
Do virtual case-based discussions foster clinical reasoning in medical students?
Creators: name: Lim, Jun Jie
name: Veasuvalingam, Bhavani
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2023

description: Background:
 Case-based discussion is fundamental in developing clinical reasoning skills, minimising medical errors, and providing the best patient care. Online case-based discussion has replaced traditional face-to-face clinical teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic. To date, little research has explored students' perceptions of online case-based discussion. This paper aims to identify student perceptions of online case-based discussion, particularly its ability to foster clinical reasoning skills.

 Summary of Work:
 A mixed-method research study was adopted. Data was gathered through a 15-item Likert scale questionnaire adapted from Furstenberg's empirically derived scale and Goldszmidt's clinical reasoning task checklist. Focus groups were conducted.

 Summary of Results:
 A total of 165 clinical-year medical students completed the questionnaire, and 26 participated in the focus group discussions. The mean score of perceived clinical reasoning ability during online case-based discussion was 3.0, indicating that overall, students agreed that online case-based discussion fostered clinical reasoning skills. Students found that different formats of online case-based discussion, such as role-play, simulated ward rounds, and virtual consultation boosted their clinical reasoning skills. Compared to the clinical environment, students were allowed to practice giving explanations to patients, engaged in more in-depth discussions, and received more comprehensive feedback on their clinical reasoning skills during online case-based discussion. The barriers to online clinical skills development were poorer communication skills development and reduced student engagement. The lack of patient complexities in the cases chosen and the inability to perform physical examinations and elicit findings also hindered students' ability to reach a working diagnosis. Students' suggestions to improve clinical reasoning cultivation during online case-based discussion include utilising actual patient cases, increasing case complexity, and increasing session interactivity with breakout rooms and quizzes.

 Discussion and Conclusion:
 In conclusion, students perceived online case-based discussion as a practicable alternative to improve their clinical skills amid the disruption to face-to-face education during COVID-19. In addition, online case-based discussion can be used to overcome the challenges of teaching medical students a wide variety of medical conditions, which are commonly hindered in the clinical environment due to limited exposure to such diseases attributed by the nature of the disease, local patient demographic, and resource availability.
Telehealth interest and education needs of non-medical health professions
Creators: name: Rettinger, Lena
name: Putz, Peter
name: Aichinger, Lea
name: Javorszky, Susanne Maria
name: Widhalm, Klaus
name: Ertelt-Bach, Veronika
name: Huber, Andreas
name: Sargis, Sevan
name: Maul, Lukas
name: Radinger, Oliver
name: Werner, Franz
name: Kuhn, Sebastian
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2023

description: Background: The COVID-19 pandemic emphasized the importance of telehealth in healthcare. Evaluating telehealth competencies among healthcare and nursing students is crucial for its successful integration into education and practice.
 Objective: The main objective was to assess students' telehealth interest, knowledge, experience, relevance, and importance. Additionally, we examined students' preferences for telehealth content in their curricula.
 Methods: In May 2022, we conducted a cross-sectional online study using a project-specific questionnaire among healthcare and nursing students at FH Campus Wien, University of Applied Sciences. The questionnaire was developed and refined through iterative feedback and face-validity testing and covered demographics, personal perceptions, professional experience with telehealth, and input on potential telehealth course content.
 Participants: Students (n=261) of the Bachelor study programs Physiotherapy (n=47), Midwifery (n=35), Nursing (n=32), Logopedics (n=25), Occupational therapy (n=24), Orthoptics (n=23), and Dietetics (n=20) and the Master study programs Health Assisting Engineering (n=24), Advanced Nursing Education (n=16), Advanced Nursing Practice (n=16), and Advanced Nursing Counseling (n=7) participated.
 Results: 69% of students were very interested or interested in telehealth, 70% had limited knowledge about telehealth in their own profession, 46% had observed or performed telehealth, 84% perceived a very or rather high relevance of telehealth after the pandemic, and 82% thougth it was very or rather important to learn about telehealth.Top 5 interests in telehealth education content were practical training with devices, software or apps, case examples for telehealth with various target groups, practical tips and exercises for telehealth provision, introduction of devices, software or apps, and legal aspects of telehealth. Top 5 perceived relevance of telehealth forms were videocall consultations, selfmanagement apps, information for self-management via video courses or websites, phone call consultation, and sensor-based monitoring of vital parameters.
 Conclusion: The findings of this research highlight the necessity of incorporating telehealth into healthcare education programs. While students have expressed favorable views towards telehealth, their present understanding and capabilities in this field are quite limited.
Ensuring the content validity index of the history taking checklist for the second year medical student
Creators: name: Le, Quoc Bao
name: Nguyen, Thi My Hanh
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2023

description: Background
 Ensuring the relevance and representativeness of assessment tools to the targeted constructs and functions of assessment is the essential source of the validity evidence. In previous years, we have never validated the content validity of the Objective Structure Clinical Encounter’s checklists (OSCE) in Vietnamese medical education programs. Our study aims to adapt the content validation procedure to quantify the content validity of the history-taking checklist for second-year medical students in the form of the content validity index (CVI).

 Summary Of Work
 The content validation process includes 6 steps that are clearly stated in the report of Yusoff MSB, 2019. In the beginning, we prepared the content validation form using the 4-level rating scale of relevance. On the day of the review panel meeting, the experts were requested to critically review and refine the domain and its items before providing a score on each item independently based on the relevant scale. In the final step, we calculated two forms of CVI, which are CVI for an item (I-CVI) and CVI for scale (S-CVI).

 Summary Of Results
 The S-CVIs (S-CVI/Ave = 0.80, S-CVI/UA = 0.24) and I-CVIs of 14 items over 37 items (37.84%) of the previous checklist are under 0.83. Among these low valid items, most of them (10/14) belong to the competencies of taking histories under section B. Notably, some related items should be revised by merging and changing the level of rating scales despite their high I-CVI (>= 0.83). The revised checklist has a significantly lower number of items, 17 items in comparison with 37 items of the previous one. Both types of S-CVI increase dramatically from the old checklist to the new one. Also, the latter is the valid tool due to its high content validity index (S-CVI/Ave = 0.98, S-CVI/UA = 0.88).

 Discussion And Conclusion
 The CVI calculation and process ensured the relevance and representativeness of the history-taking checklist to the expected learning outcomes. By using this process, the revised checklist is shorter, valid, and more friendly for assessors. In the following projects, we will assess the reliability when it is implemented in real conditions.
Inclusive learning environments to transform the level of OSCE Teaching
Creators: name: Allen, Charlotte
name: Thejus  George
name: Nabaha  Fuad
name: Fouda, Salma Salem
name: Naireen Asim
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2023

description: Background: SGUL’s Medical Education society runs near peer teaching sessions to support learning for different year groups in medical school. The aim of this study is to increase the confidence of year two medical students when approaching an OSCE for the first time, catering to different learning styles. Therefore, a three-dimensional OSCE revision plan was devised. This included a 6-part online lecture series on key OSCE skills, regular instagram summary posts and an in person 5-station simulated OSCE.

 Summary of work: SGUL’s Medical Education Society ran 3 different OSCE related revision projects, each aimed at different learning styles. The online revision series aimed to reach a large group and provide short, essential bite-sized information on important OSCE skills. The instagram posts provided easily digestible summaries on key examinations and histories relevant to OSCEs. Finally, a simulated OSCE was written and conducted by senior medical students to provide a space for the students to practise taught skills, with constructive feedback provided afterwards. Students’ confidence was measured using a Likert scale before and after the sessions as well as analysing the social media engagement.

 Summary of results: For the online OSCE revision series (n=148), 8.8% of students rated their confidence in approaching OSCEs as either Very Good or Excellent on a 5-point Likert scale, which increased to 77.7% after the series. For the Mock OSCE (n=19), 0% of participants rated their confidence in approaching an OSCE as either Very Good or Excellent on a 5 point Likert scale which increased to 84.3% post session. The interaction over the 14 Instagram posts totalled 422 likes and 347 saves for future reference.

 Discussion and conclusion: All aspects of the three-dimensional OSCE-revision project were found to be effective in increasing participant confidence in both assessed clinical skills and the OSCE examinations themselves. Additionally, diversifying the teaching methods used to deliver OSCE content allows for greater inclusivity of different learning styles, further encouraging and promoting different revision sessions to cater for all students of all learning styles throughout all years and domains of medical education.

 Take home message: Developing inclusive learning environments permits greater student understanding and knowledge retention, an ever important subject in the field of medical education.
Learning alongside global classmates: An online exchange program improved intercultural competency skills and preparedness in healthcare professions students
Creators: name: Ihara, Keiko
name: Hakyoung Kim
name: Kumar, Shari
name: McWatt, Sean
name: Brassett, Cecilia
name: Kunzel, Carol
name: Sakurai, Takeshi
name: Green, Alexander
name: Noel, Geoffroy
name: Wu, Anette
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2023

description: Background
 Intercultural competency (IC) skills are now considered essential in healthcare professions (HP) education, as the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of international collaboration among healthcare providers. However, it is not fully known what types of training can improve IC skills. In this study, we aimed to determine whether an online exchange program has an impact on the IC preparedness and skills of HP students.

 Summary Of Work
 Medical and dental students from 20 universities (14 countries, five geographic regions in North America, the United Kingdom, Australia, Europe, and East Asia) participated in a five-month online course offered by Columbia University. The program was entirely online and included lectures and discussions with global classmates. Students discussed the differences among countries regarding anatomy dissection courses, COVID-19 pandemic experiences, medical training, healthcare delivery, public health challenges, health law, and health ethics. Importantly, lectures and discussions did not focus specifically on intercultural skills throughout this program. Questionnaires about IC skills that were developed based on previous work were collected before and after the course. Statistical analyses were performed using R version 4.0.3.

 Summary Of Results
 In total, 305 students completed the pre-program questionnaire, and 67 completed the post- program questionnaire. After the program, there were statistically significant increases in the mean scores for three self-graded questions: (1) preparedness to care for patients who use complementary or alternative medicines (P = 0.045), (2) skillfulness in taking the patient’s social history (P = 0.001), and (3) skillfulness in assessing the patient's understanding of the cause of their illness (P = 0.044).

 Discussion And Conclusion
 The participants in this online exchange program successfully improved their IC skills by exchanging information and opinions related to healthcare and acknowledging the differences among countries, even though they had not received any lectures or engaged in direct discussions about IC skills. This result indicates that similar international online lectures and interactions with global peers about health-related topics can potentially be utilized to improve the IC skills of HP students.

 Take Home Messages
 Online international programs about health-related topics can be utilized to improve the IC skills and preparedness of HP students.
Feelings around death confirmation: Can simulation replicate reality?
Creators: name: Mears, William
name: Brown, Ffion
name: Abraham, Priya
name: AG Martin
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2023

description: Background
 Medical student teaching on death confirmation (DC) is sporadic and non-standardised, despite the essential nature of the skill for new doctors, alongside its potential impact on grieving relatives. Teaching is commonly opportunistic, relying on students having exposure on the wards, or mainly theoretical and lacking a practical component. As a result, new doctors can feel uncomfortable and lack confidence when performing DC. Therefore, we aimed to assess whether low-fidelity simulation would reproduce DC sufficiently accurately to enhance medical student confidence with the process.

 Summary Of Work
 Final-year medical students from the University of Bristol were taught DC using simulation. They were provided with an information sheet and video demonstration for pre-learning, before completing a 12-minute simulation in pairs, in the role of Foundation Doctors. Students explained the process of DC to a ‘bereaved relative’ actor at the bedside, before confirming death on a switched-off simulation manikin and completing necessary documentation. Structured questionnaires were completed before and after the session to assess student confidence using a five-point Likert scale, theoretical knowledge and qualitative outcomes using free-text questions. Confidence scores were analysed using the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test.

 Summary Of Results
 Twenty-nine medical students were included. Simulating DC resulted in a statistically significant increase in student confidence confirming death, both under supervision (Z=-4.45, P=<0.00001) and independently (Z=-4.70, P=<0.00001). 100% agreed the simulation improved their confidence confirming death on a real patient. 28/29 (97%) students agreed that simulating talking to a bereaved relative was useful. Qualitative outcomes achieved included an increased appreciation of the time taken to confirm death and appropriate bedside manner towards the deceased and relatives. Students remarked the simulation felt “very real” and the practical component was particularly helpful. They commented they felt “sad” and “uncomfortable” during the simulation, and “more prepared”, “less apprehensive” and “more relaxed and confident” afterwards.

 Discussion And Conclusion
 Using a switched-off simulation manikin is a practical solution to deliver uniform, hands-on teaching on DC. The method increased medical student confidence performing DC independently, helping prepare them for practice.

 Take Home Messages
 Low-fidelity simulation can create recreate the feelings associated with performing DC in reality. It should be considered a realistic method to teach DC in medical school.
Exact Solutions of Effective-Mass Dirac-Pauli Equation with an Electromagnetic Field
Creators: name: Arda, Altug
name: Sever, Ramazan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exact bound state solutions of the Dirac-Pauli equation are studied for an appropriate position-dependent mass function by using the Nikiforov-Uvarov method. For a central electric field having a shifted inverse linear term, all two kinds of solutions for bound states are obtained in closed forms.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures
Simulation-based training in Swiss palliative care training: Train for complexity or too complex for training?
Creators: name: Ebneter, Andreas Samuel
name: Eychmueller, Steffen
name: Tekian, Ara
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2023

description: Background
 Palliative care addresses incurable diseases. The main goals of treatment are quality of life and goal-concordant care. Experiential learning is important for acquiring knowledge, skills, and an appropriate attitude. Therefore, simulation-based education is an educational strategy well-suited for palliative care topics (i.e., communication and complex symptom management), occasionally used in both pre- and postgraduate settings for nurses and physicians.
 However, no specific simulation-based learning programs are described in Swiss Palliative Care specialist training.
 The aim of this work is to identify the general needs and potential fields of application of simulations in Swiss postgraduate palliative care education.
 Summary Of Work
 Based on the conceptual framework for curriculum development by Kern et al, the first step (problem identification and general needs assessment) was first clearly defined and analyzed. Second, current practice and ideal practice were compared in the general needs assessment. A literature search identified 281 references, only 16 papers informed this work.
 Summary Of Results
 The main problems identified were lack of communication skills while providing care, potentially impacting symptom control, quality of life, and perception of quality of care for the patients. Currently, simulation-based training at undergraduate level focuses on a specific situation (i.e., communication) in a mono-professional setting using simulated patients. Postgraduate training relies on supervised training and exposure to challenging situations in daily practice. Ideally, simulation-based learning with high-fidelity, interprofessional training settings or simulated patients/caregivers’ situations would suit postgraduate palliative care specialist education. A focus on communication, in combination with clinical skills (i.e., emergency sedation with the family present in the room), would replicate the real world adequately.
 Discussion And Conclusion
 Simulation-based training for postgraduate specialist palliative care education in Switzerland does is not described in the literature. The feasibility and efficacy of this educational technique has been proven in other settings; therefore, it would be useful to develop a simulation-based curriculum for this specific group of trainees in Switzerland. A targeted needs assessment would be necessary to evaluate the perception and needs of the main group and to ensure the efficient deployment of this resource-intense teaching modality.

 Take Home Messages
 Simulation-based training is a useful teaching modality for the Swiss postgraduate palliative care setting.
Control of the differential interference contrast in reinjected bimode laser
Creators: name: Lacot, Eric
name: Jacquin, Olivier
name: Hugon, Olivier
name: de Chatellus, Hugues Guillet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have demonstrated, both theoretically and experimentally, that it is possible to control (i.e., to enhance or cancel) the contrast of the interference pattern appearing in the intensity images obtained with a laser optical feedback imaging (LOFI) setup using a bimode laser. The laser is composed of two coupled orthogonally polarized states that interact (i.e., interfere) through the cross saturation laser dynamics. We created the contrast control by choosing the frequency shift (i.e., the beating frequency) between the feedback electric fields and the intracavity electric fields. We have shown that the interference contrast of the output power modulation of the laser total intensity is independent from the frequency shift and is always maximal. On the other hand, the interference contrast of each polarization state is frequency dependent. We obtained the maximal contrast when the frequency shift was equal to one of the resonance frequencies of the bimode dynamics, and was very low (and almost cancels) for an intermediate frequency located at the intersection of the two resonance curves.
Walking away your worries: an evaluation of the Wellbeing Walking Project that aimed to improve perinatal mental health through a parent and baby/infant walking group in Sheffield.
Creators: name: Naughton-Doe, Ruth
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 420601
subject: Community child health
classificationCode: 420602
subject: Health equity
classificationCode: 420603
subject: Health promotion
classificationCode: 420605
subject: Preventative health care
classificationCode: 420606
subject: Social determinants of health

description: New parents are less likely to be active and are more likely to be lonely. Both physical inactivity and loneliness pose public health issues as they are linked with poor physical and mental health outcomes. Parents with perinatal mental illness may face additional barriers to group walking such as anxieties about socialising and leaving the house. This evaluation explores the feasibility and impact of a postnatal walking group set up with perinatal mental health services in Sheffield. Outcomes included reducing social isolation, increased confidence and accessing peer support.
The Integrated Cluster Finder for the ARCHES project
Creators: name: Mints, Alexey
name: Schwope, Axel
name: Rosen, Simon
name: Pineau, François-Xavier
name: Carrera, Francisco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Clusters of galaxies are important for cosmology and astrophysics. They may be discovered through either the summed optical/IR radiation originating from their member galaxies or via X-ray emission originating from the hot intracluster medium. X- ray samples are not affected by projection effects but a redshift determination typically needs optical and infrared follow-up to then infer X-ray temperatures and luminosities. Aims. We want to confirm serendipitously discovered X-ray emitting cluster candidates and measure their cosmological redshift through the analysis and exploration of multi-wavelength photometric catalogues. Methods. We developed a tool, the Integrated Cluster Finder (ICF), to search for clusters by determining overdensities of potential member galaxies in optical and infrared catalogues. Based on a spectroscopic meta-catalogue we calibrated colour-redshift relations that combine optical (SDSS) and IR data (UKIDSS, WISE). The tool is used to quantify the overdensity of galaxies against the background via a modified redMaPPer technique and to quantify the confidence of a cluster detection. Results. Cluster finding results are compared to reference catalogues found in the literature. The results agree to within 95-98%. The tool is used to confirm 488 out of 830 cluster candidates drawn from 3XMMe in the footprint of the SDSS and CFHT catalogues. Conclusions. The ICF is a flexible and highly efficient tool to search for galaxy clusters in multiple catalogues and is freely available to the community. It may be used to identify the cluster content in future X-ray catalogues from XMM-Newton and eventually from eROSITA.
A statistical study of gyro-averaging effects in a reduced model of drift-wave transport
Creators: name: da Fonseca, J. D.
name: del-Castillo-Negrete, D.
name: Sokolov, . M.
name: Caldas, I. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A statistical study of finite Larmor radius (FLR) effects on transport driven by electrostatic drift-waves is presented. The study is based on a reduced discrete Hamiltonian dynamical system known as the gyro-averaged standard map (GSM). In this system, FLR effects are incorporated through the gyro-averaging of a simplified weak-turbulence model of electrostatic fluctuations. Formally, the GSM is a modified version of the standard map in which the perturbation amplitude, $K_0$, becomes $K_0 J_0(\hatρ)$, where $J_0$ is the zeroth-order Bessel function and $\hatρ$ is the Larmor radius. Assuming a Maxwellian probability density function (pdf) for $\hatρ$, we compute analytically and numerically the pdf and the cumulative distribution function of the effective drift-wave perturbation amplitude $K_0 J_0(\hatρ)$. Using these results we compute the probability of loss of confinement (i.e., global chaos), $P_{c}$, and the probability of trapping in the main drift-wave resonance, $P_{t}$. It is shown that $P_{c}$ provides an upper bound for the escape rate, and that $P_{t}$ provides a good estimate of the particle trapping rate. The analytical results are compared with direct numerical Monte-Carlo simulations of particle transport.
Allometric scaling in-vitro
Creators: name: Ahluwalia, Arti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The quarter power allometric scaling of mammalian metabolic rate is largely regarded as a universal law of biology. However, it is well known that cell cultures do not obey this law. The current thinking is that were in-vitro cultures to obey quarter power scaling, they would have more predictive power and could for instance provide a viable substitute for animals in research. About two decades ago, West and coworkers established a model which predicts that metabolic rate follows a quarter power relationship with the mass of an organism, based on the premise that tissues are supplied nutrients through a fractal distribution network. This paper outlines a theoretical and computational framework for establishing quarter power scaling in-vitro, starting where fractal distribution ends. Allometric scaling in non-vascular spherical tissue constructs was assessed using models of Michaelis Menten oxygen consumption and diffusion. The results demonstrate that physiological scaling is maintained when about 5 to 60% of the construct is exposed to oxygen concentrations less than the Michaelis Menten constant. In these conditions the Thiele modulus is between 8 and 80, with a significant concentration gradient in the sphere. The results have important implications for the design of downscaled in-vitro systems with physiological relevance.
Leveraging tagging and rating for recommendation: RMF meets weighted diffusion on tripartite graphs
Creators: name: Li, Jianguo
name: Tang, Yong
name: Chen, Jiemin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recommender systems (RSs) have been a widely exploited approach to solving the information overload problem. However, the performance is still limited due to the extreme sparsity of the rating data. With the popularity of Web 2.0, the social tagging system provides more external information to improve recommendation accuracy. Although some existing approaches combine the matrix factorization models with co-occurrence properties and context of tags, they neglect the issue of tag sparsity without the commonly associated tags problem that would also result in inaccurate recommendations. Consequently, in this paper, we propose a novel hybrid collaborative filtering model named WUDiff_RMF, which improves Regularized Matrix Factorization (RMF) model by integrating Weighted User-Diffusion-based CF algorithm(WUDiff) that obtains the information of similar users from the weighted tripartite user-item-tag graph. This model aims to capture the degree correlation of the user-item-tag tripartite network to enhance the performance of recommendation. Experiments conducted on four real-world datasets demonstrate that our approach significantly performs better than already widely used methods in the accuracy of recommendation. Moreover, results show that WUDiff_RMF can alleviate the data sparsity, especially in the circumstance that users have made few ratings and few tags.
The solar-stellar connection: Magnetic activity of seismic solar analogs
Creators: name: Salabert, D.
name: Garcia, R. A.
name: Beck, P. G.
name: Regulo, C.
name: Ballot, J.
name: Creevey, O. L.
name: Egeland, R.
name: Nascimento, J. -D. do
name: Hernandez, F. Perez
name: Bigot, L.
name: Mathur, S.
name: Metcalfe, T. S.
name: Corsaro, E.
name: Palle, P. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Finding solar-analog stars with fundamental properties as close as possible to the Sun and studying the characteristics of their surface magnetic activity is a very promising way to understand the solar variability and its associated dynamo process. However, the identification of solar-analog stars depends on the accuracy of the estimated stellar parameters. Thanks to the photometric CoROT and Kepler space missions, the addition of asteroseismic data was proven to provide the most accurate fundamental properties that can be derived from stellar modeling today. Here, we present our latest results on the solar-stellar connection by studying 18 solar analogs that we identified among the Kepler seismic sample (Salabert et al., 2016a). We measured their magnetic activity properties using the observations collected by the Kepler satellite and the ground-based, high-resolution HERMES spectrograph. The photospheric (Sph) and chromospheric (S) magnetic activity proxies of these seismic solar analogs are compared in relation to the solar activity. We show that the activity of the Sun is comparable to the activity of the seismic solar analogs, within the maximum-to-minimum temporal variations of the 11-year solar activity cycle. Furthermore, we report on the discovery of temporal variability in the acoustic frequencies of the young (1 Gyr-old) solar analog KIC10644253 with a modulation of about 1.5 years, which agrees with the derived photospheric activity Sph (Salabert et al, 2016b). It could be the signature of the short-period modulation, or quasi-biennal oscillation, of its magnetic activity as observed in the Sun and in the 1-Gyr-old solar analog HD30495. In addition, the lithium abundance and the chromospheric activity estimated from HERMES confirms that KIC10644253 is a young and more active star than the Sun.
description: Proceedings from the splinter session "Variability of Solar/Stellar Magnetic Activity" at the 19th Cambridge Workshop on Cool Stars, Stellar Systems, and the Sun, 06-10 June 2016, Uppsala, Sweden
Surface Brightness Profiles of Dwarf Galaxies: II. Color Trends and Mass Profiles
Creators: name: Herrmann, Kimberly A.
name: Hunter, Deidre A.
name: Elmegreen, Bruce G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this second paper of a series, we explore the B-V, U-B, and FUV-NUV radial color trends from a multi-wavelength sample of 141 dwarf disk galaxies. Like spirals, dwarf galaxies have three types of radial surface brightness profiles: (I) single exponential throughout the observed extent (the minority), (II) down-bending (the majority), and (III) up-bending. We find that colors of (1) Type I dwarfs generally become redder with increasing radius unlike spirals that have a blueing trend that flattens beyond ~1.5 disk scale lengths, (2) Type II dwarfs come in six different "flavors," one of which mimics the "U" shape of spirals, and (3) Type III dwarfs have a stretched "S" shape where central colors are flattish, become steeply redder to the surface brightness break, then remain roughly constant beyond, similar to spiral TypeIII color profiles, but without the central outward bluing. Faint (-9 > M_B > -14) Type II dwarfs tend to have continuously red or "U" shaped colors and steeper color slopes than bright (-14 > M_B > -19) Type II dwarfs, which additionally have colors that become bluer or remain constant with increasing radius. Sm dwarfs and BCDs tend to have at least some blue and red radial color trend, respectively. Additionally, we determine stellar surface mass density (Sigma) profiles and use them to show that the break in Sigma generally remains in Type II dwarfs (unlike Type II spirals) but generally disappears in Type III dwarfs (unlike Type III spirals). Moreover, the break in Sigma is strong, intermediate, and weak in faint dwarfs, bright dwarfs, and spirals, respectively, indicating that Sigma may straighten with increasing galaxy mass. Lastly, the average stellar surface mass density at the surface brightness break is roughly 1-2 M_S/pc^2 for Type II dwarfs but higher at 5.9 M_S/pc^2 or 27 M_S/pc^2 for Type III BCDs and dIms, respectively.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures, 4 tables
Unconventional double-bended saturation of optical transmission in graphene due to many-particle interactions
Creators: name: Winzer, Torben
name: Mittendorff, Martin
name: Winnerl, Stephan
name: Helm, Manfred
name: Malic, Ermin
name: Knorr, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a joint theory-experiment study on the transmission/absorption saturation after ultrafast pulse excitation in graphene. We reveal an unconventional double-bended saturation behavior: Both bendings separately follow the standard saturation model exhibiting two saturation fluences, however, the corresponding fluences differ by three orders of magnitude and have different physical origin. Our results reveal that this new and unexpected behavior can be ascribed to an interplay between fluence- and time-dependent many-particle scattering processes and phase-space filling effects.
Asymmetric truncated Toeplitz operators on finite-dimensional spaces
Creators: name: Jurasik, Joanna
name: Łanucha, Bartosz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47B32, 47B35, 30H10

description: In this paper we consider asymmetric truncated Toeplitz operators acting between two finite-dimensional model spaces. We compute the dimension of the space of all such operators. We also describe the matrix representations of asymmetric truncated Toeplitz operators acting between two finite-dimensional model spaces. Our results are generalizations of the results known for truncated Toeplitz operators.
Probing density waves in fluidized granular media with diffusing-wave spectroscopy
Creators: name: Born, Philip
name: Reinhold, Steffen
name: Sperl, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Density waves are characteristic for fluidized beds and affect measurements on liquid-like dynamics in fluidized granular media. Here, the intensity autocorrelation function as obtainable with diffusing-wave spectroscopy is derived in the presence of density waves. The predictions by the derived form of the IACF match experimental observations from a gas-fluidized bed. The model suggests separability of the contribution from density waves from the contribution by microscopic scatterer displacement to the decay of correlation, thus paves the way for characterizing microscopic particle motions using diffusing-wave spectroscopy as well as heterogeneities in fluidized granular media.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review E
Supplementary document for Gradient assisted metasurface absorber with dual-band chiral switching and quasi-linearly tunable circular dichroism - 6579848.pdf
Creators: name: Chen, Jiafei
name: Zong, Shu
name: Liu, Xiaoshan
name: Liu, Guiqiang
name: Zhan, Xuefeng
name: Liu, Zhengqi
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplement 1
Supplementary document for Silicon metaoptics for the compact generation of perfect vector beams in the telecom infrared - 6587910.pdf
Creators: name: Vogliardi, Andrea
name: Ruffato, Gianluca
name: Bonaldo, Daniele
name: Dal Zilio, Simone
name: Romanato, Filippo
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplementary Infomation File. S1: Polarization states and Hybrid Poincaré Spheres. S2: Broadband metaoptics performance. S3: Optical characterization setup.
Magnetic fields during galaxy mergers
Creators: name: Rodenbeck, Kai
name: Schleicher, Dominik R. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galaxy mergers are expected to play a central role for the evolution of galaxies, and may have a strong impact on their magnetic fields. We present the first grid-based 3D magneto-hydrodynamical simulations investigating the evolution of magnetic fields during merger events. For this purpose, we employ a simplified model considering the merger event of magnetized gaseous disks in the absence of stellar feedback and without a stellar or dark matter component. We show that our model naturally leads to the production of two peaks in the evolution of the average magnetic field strength within 5 kpc, within 25 kpc and on scales in between 5 and 25 kpc. The latter is consistent with the peak in the magnetic field strength reported by Drzazga et al. (2011) in a merger sequence of observed galaxies. We show that the peak on the galactic scale and in the outer regions is likely due to geometrical effects, as the core of one galaxy enters the outskirts of the other one. In addition, there is a physical enhancement of the magnetic field within the central ~5 kpc, reflecting the enhancement in density due to efficient angular momentum transport. We conclude that high-resolution observations of the central regions will be particularly relevant to probe the evolution of magnetic field structures during merger events.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication with A&A
Combined 4-component and relativistic pseudopotential study of ThO for the electron electric dipole moment search
Creators: name: Skripnikov, L. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A precise theoretical study of the electronic structure of heavy atom diatomic molecules is of key importance to interpret the experiments in the search for violation of time-reversal (T) and spatial-parity (P) symmetries of fundamental interactions it terms of the electron electric dipole moment, eEDM, and dimensionless constant, $k_{T,P}$, characterizing the strength of the T,P-odd pseudoscalar$-$scalar electron$-$nucleus neutral current interaction. ACME collaboration has recently obtained and improved limits on these quantities using a beam of ThO molecules in the $H^3Δ_1$ state [Science 343, 269 (2014)]. We apply the combined direct 4-component and two-step relativistic pseudopotential/restoration approaches to a benchmark calculation of the effective electric field, Eeff, parameter of the T,P-odd pseudoscalar$-$scalar interaction, $W_{T,P}$, and HFS constant in $^3Δ_1$ state of the ThO molecule. The first two parameters are required to interpret the experimental data in terms of the eEDM and $k_{T,P}$ constant. We have investigated the electron correlation for all of the 98 electrons of ThO simultaneously up to the level of the coupled cluster with single, double and noniterative triple amplitudes theory. Contributions from iterative triple and noniterative quadruple cluster amplitudes for the valence electrons have been also treated. The obtained values are Eeff=79.9 GV/cm, $W_{T,P}$=113.1 kHz. The theoretical uncertainty of these values we estimate as about two times smaller than that of our previous study [JCP, 142, 024301 (2015)]. It was found that the correlation of the inner- and outer- core electrons contributes 9% to the effective electric field. The values of the molecule frame dipole moment of the $^3Δ_1$ state and the $H^3Δ_1\to X^1Σ^+$ transition energy of ThO calculated within the same methods are in a very good agreement with the experiment.