cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
SRT3D: A Sparse Region-Based 3D Object Tracking Approach for the Real World
Creators: name: Stoiber, Manuel
name: Pfanne, Martin
name: Strobl, Klaus H.
name: Triebel, Rudolph
name: Albu-Schäffer, Alin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Region-based methods have become increasingly popular for model-based, monocular 3D tracking of texture-less objects in cluttered scenes. However, while they achieve state-of-the-art results, most methods are computationally expensive, requiring significant resources to run in real-time. In the following, we build on our previous work and develop SRT3D, a sparse region-based approach to 3D object tracking that bridges this gap in efficiency. Our method considers image information sparsely along so-called correspondence lines that model the probability of the object's contour location. We thereby improve on the current state of the art and introduce smoothed step functions that consider a defined global and local uncertainty. For the resulting probabilistic formulation, a thorough analysis is provided. Finally, we use a pre-rendered sparse viewpoint model to create a joint posterior probability for the object pose. The function is maximized using second-order Newton optimization with Tikhonov regularization. During the pose estimation, we differentiate between global and local optimization, using a novel approximation for the first-order derivative employed in the Newton method. In multiple experiments, we demonstrate that the resulting algorithm improves the current state of the art both in terms of runtime and quality, performing particularly well for noisy and cluttered images encountered in the real world.
description: Submitted to the International Journal of Computer Vision
Understanding Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors Among LGBTQ + Youth: Differential Associations Between Bullying and Substance Use
Creators: name: Garcia, Brian A.
name: Rivas-Koehl, Matthew
name: Clements, Graceson
name: Robinson, Luz E.
name: Tiedge, Cayson W.
name: Espelage, Dorothy L.
name: Valido, Alberto
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2025

description:
Rates of suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STB, i.e., suicidal thoughts, plans, and attempts), substance use, and bullying victimization are higher among lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and/or queer (LGBTQ +) youth compared to their heterosexual peers. However, research examining the interactive and potentially compounding associations of concurrent bullying and substance use (alcohol, cannabis, hallucinogens, and opioids) with STB is sparse, especially among LGBTQ + youth. Thus, the current study aims to understand how these substances moderate the association between bullying victimization and STB by utilizing data (N = 96,482) from the combined 2003–2019 Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS). Using a cross-sectional design and hierarchical logistic regression, we found that, on average, LGBTQ + youth who were bullied were more likely to report planning to attempt suicide (O.R. = 2.71, p < .01). Similarly, youth who reported using opioids/prescription drugs (O.R. = 4.60, p < .05) or hallucinogens (O.R. = 8.89, p < .01) were more likely to attempt suicide. No significant associations between alcohol use and STB were found. Lastly, cannabis emerged as a significant moderator of the associations between bullying victimization and suicidal ideation and plans, such that adolescents who were bullied and used cannabis were less likely to report suicidal ideation and planning compared to those who were bullied but did not use cannabis. These findings highlight that different substances are distinctively associated with STB among LGBTQ + youth, providing a better understanding of how individuals who are being bullied may cope and to develop prevention programs to combat suicidal thoughts, planning, and attempts.
Orbital-Flop Transition of Angular Momentum in a Topological Superfluid
Creators: name: Zimmerman, A. M.
name: Li, J. I. A.
name: Nguyen, M. D.
name: Halperin, W. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The direction of the orbital angular momentum of the $B$-phase of superfluid $^3$He can be controlled by engineering the anisotropy of the silica aerogel framework within which it is imbibed. In this work, we report our discovery of an unusual and abrupt `orbital-flop' transition of the superfluid angular momentum between orientations perpendicular and parallel to the anisotropy axis. The transition has no hysteresis, warming or cooling, as expected for a continuous thermodynamic transition, and is not the result of a competition between strain and magnetic field. This demonstrates the spontaneous reorientation of the order parameter of an unconventional BCS condensate.
Bembix oculata Panzer 1801
Creators: name: Mokrousov, M. V.
name: Proshchalykin, M. Yu.
name: Aliyev, Kh. A.
name: Maharramov, M. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Crabronidae
Bembix
Bembix oculata

description: Bembix oculata Panzer, 1801
 Bembix oculata: Nemkov, 2016: 16 (Gumbashi; Balaken).
MATERIAL EXAMINED. 10 – 1 ♂; 13 – 1 ♀; 38 – 1 ♀; 49 – 1 ♂.
description: Published as part of Mokrousov, M. V., Proshchalykin, M. Yu., Aliyev, Kh. A. & Maharramov, M. M., 2019, To the knowledge of digger wasps (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae) of Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan, pp. 1-24 in Far Eastern Entomologist 394 on page 8, DOI: 10.25221/fee.394.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7164650
Quantum-Gravitational Diffusion and Stochastic Fluctuations in the Velocity of Light
Creators: name: Ellis, John
name: Mavromatos, N. E.
name: Nanopoulos, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that quantum-gravitational fluctuations in the space-time background give the vacuum non-trivial optical properties that include diffusion and consequent uncertainties in the arrival times of photons, causing stochastic fluctuations in the velocity of light ``in vacuo''. Our proposal is motivated within a Liouville string formulation of quantum gravity that also suggests a frequency-dependent refractive index of the particle vacuum. We construct an explicit realization by treating photon propagation through quantum excitations of $D$-brane fluctuations in the space-time foam. These are described by higher-genus string effects, that lead to stochastic fluctuations in couplings, and hence in the velocity of light. We discuss the possibilities of constraining or measuring photon diffusion ``in vacuo'' via $γ$-ray observations of distant astrophysical sources.
description: 17 pages LATEX, uses axodraw style file
"Atlas" of numerical solutions for star-disk magnetospheric interaction
Creators: name: Čemeljić, Miljenko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: I report results in numerical simulations of star-disk magnetospheric interaction. A thin accretion disk with corona above a rotating stellar surface is simulated in a parameter study, to find trends in the angular momentum flux. The results are presented in the case of Young Stellar Objects, but they can be rescaled to other objects with similar geometry. Methods: In the performed resistive and viscous magneto-hydrodynamic simulations, a quasi-stationary state is reached in the cases with different parameters. Angular momentum fluxes in the different components of the flow are computed, to compare the results. Results: Results in the simulations are presented with the matter density distribution and magnetic field geometry displayed in an `Atlas' of solutions. The torque exerted on the star is computed, together with the angular momentum flux loaded into outflow, in the cases when a conical outflow is formed. In the studied part of the parameter space, I find trends in both components of the flow.
description: 15 pages, submitted to A&A
The chemical composition of the flowers essential oil of Inula crithmoides (Asteraceae) growing in aeolian islands, Sicily (Italy) and its biocide properties on microorganisms affecting historical art crafts
Creators: name: D’Agostino, Giulia
name: Badalamenti, Natale
name: Franco, Palla
name: Bruno, Maurizio
name: Gallo, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Essential oils have been used for a long time in several fields of interest. Recently, they have also been applied in the conservation of Cultural Heritage to contrast biodeterioration replacing the most current biocides toxic for humans and environment. Inula crithmoides L. (syn. Limbarda crithmoides (L.) Dumort) is a halophyte species distributed along the Mediterranean coasts and it is used as an edible vegetable since the young leaves or shoots are eaten raw or cooked. Several biological properties have been determined for this plant including antimicrobial activities. In this study the volatile composition of the aerial part of an accession from the Aeolian Islands, Sicily (Italy) is described. Furthermore, the in vitro antibacterial assay against four species of bacteria isolated from a XX century Tholu Bhommalu, a leather painted puppet from Andhra Pradesh (India), was showed by the Agar disc diffusion method.
title: Ergebnisse der Mikropuls Cyclophotokoagulation im Vergleich zur konventionellen Cyclophotokoagulation
Creators: name: Huth, Andrea
name: Stelzer, U.
name: Wienrich, R.
name: Viestenz, A.
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Hintergrund: Die Cyclophotokoagulation (CPC) mit kontinuierlichen Wellen hat sich als operative augeninnendrucksenkende Therapiemaßnahme des Glaukoms bereits als erfolgreich bewiesen. Trotz Lokalanästhesie wird die Behandlung von vielen Patienten intraoperativ als sehr schmerzhaft empfunden.[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 27. Jahrestagung der Regionalgesellschaft der Augenärzte Sachsen-Anhalts und Thüringens e. V.
title: Seitenlagerung als Modell zum Studium der Interaktion von Augeninnendruck und Ganglienzellfunktion bei Offenwinkelglaukom
Creators: name: Al-Nosairy, Khaldoon
name: Van den Bosch, J.
name: Pennisi, V.
name: Thieme, H.
name: Choritz, L.
name: Hoffmann, M.B.
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Hintergrund: Ein Schlüssel zum Verständnis der glaukomatösen Schädigung von Ganglienzellen der Netzhaut ist die Aufdeckung der Wechselwirkung zwischen Ganglienzellfunktion und intraokularem Druck (IOD). Wir etablierten ein Modell zur IOD-Manipulation durch Seitenlagerung (SL) und[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 27. Jahrestagung der Regionalgesellschaft der Augenärzte Sachsen-Anhalts und Thüringens e. V.
Chemical constituents of two Cameroonian medicinal plants: Sida rhombifolia L. and Sida acuta Burm. f. (Malvaceae) and their antiplasmodial activity
Creators: name: Kamdoum, Blaise Cedric
name: Simo, Ingrid
name: Wouamba, Steven Collins Njonte
name: Tali, Brice Mariscal Tchatat
name: Ngameni, Bathelemy
name: Fotso, Ghislain Wabo
name: Ambassa, Pantaléon
name: Fabrice, Fekam Boyom
name: Lenta, Bruno Ndjakou
name: Sewald, Norbert
name: Ngadjui, Bonaventure Tchaleu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: An extensive phytochemical investigation of the EtOH/H2O (7:3) extracts of Sida rhombifolia L. and Sida acuta Burm. f., yielded a previously undescribed ceramide named rhombifoliamide (1) and a xylitol dimer (2), naturally isolated here for the first time, as well as the thirteen known compounds viz, oleanolic acid (3), β-amyrin glucoside (4), ursolic acid (5), β-sitosterol glucoside (6), tiliroside (7), 1,6-dihydroxyxanthone (8), a mixture of stigmasterol (9) and β-sitosterol (10), cryptolepine (11), 20-Hydroxyecdysone (12), (E)-suberenol (13), thamnosmonin (14) and xanthyletin (15). Their structures were elucidated by the analyses of their spectroscopic and spectrometric data (1 D and 2 D NMR, and HRESI-MS) and by comparison with the previously reported data. The crude extracts, fractions, and some isolated compounds were tested against chloroquine-sensitive (3D7) and chloroquine-resistant (Dd2) Plasmodium falciparum strains. All the tested samples demonstrated moderate and/or significant activities against 3D7 (IC50 values: 0.18―20.11 µg/mL) and Dd2 (IC50 values: 0.74―63.09 µg/mL).
On the equivalence of direct and indirect data-driven predictive control approaches
Creators: name: Mattsson, Per
name: Bonassi, Fabio
name: Breschi, Valentina
name: Schön, Thomas B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Recently, several direct Data-Driven Predictive Control (DDPC) methods have been proposed, advocating the possibility of designing predictive controllers from historical input-output trajectories without the need to identify a model. In this work, we show that these approaches are equivalent to an indirect approach. Reformulating the direct methods in terms of estimated parameters and covariance matrices allows us to give new insights into how they work in comparison with, for example, Subspace Predictive Control (SPC). In particular, we show that for unconstrained problems the direct methods are equivalent to SPC with a reduced weight on the tracking cost. Via a numerical experiment, motivated by the reformulation, we also illustrate why the performance of direct DDPC methods with fixed regularization tends to degrade as the number of training samples increases.
description: \c{opyright} 2024 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works
Increased discoverability of rare disease datasets through knowledge graph integration
Creators: name: Olson, Daniel
name: Braun, Ian
name: Hartley, Emily
name: Walls, Ramona
name: Matentzoglu, Nicolas
name: Vasilevsky, Nicole
name: Schaper, Kevin
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Year: 2024

description:
Objectives: Demonstrate a methodology for improving discoverability of rare disease datasets by enriching source data with biological associations. Materials and Methods: We developed an extension of the Biolink semantic model to incorporate patient data and generated a knowledge graph (KG) comprising patient data and associations between biological entities in an existing KG, leveraging existing mappings and mapping standards. Results: The enriched model of patient data can support a search application that is aware of biological associations and provides a semantic search interface to discover and summarize patient datasets within the broader biological context. Discussion and Conclusion: Our methodology enriches datasets with a wealth of additional biological knowledge, improving discoverability. Using condition concepts, we illustrate techniques that could be applied to other entities within source data such as measurements and observations. This work provides a foundational framework for how source data can be modeled to improve accuracy of upstream language models for natural language querying.
Comment on ``Absence of abelian Higgs hair for extremal black holes''
Creators: name: Bonjour, Filipe
name: Gregory, Ruth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the claim of Chamblin et. al. that extreme black holes cannot support abelian Higgs hair. We provide evidence that contradicts this claim and discuss reasons for this discrepancy.
description: 1 page 2 figures, revised title
Additional file 13: of The first draft genomes of the ant Formica exsecta, and its Wolbachia endosymbiont reveal extensive gene transfer from endosymbiont to host
Creators: name: Kishor Dhaygude
name: Abhilash Nair
name: Johansson, Helena
name: Wurm, Yannick
name: Sundstrรถm, Liselotte
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Figure S5. TAGC plot of F. exsecta, and its Wolbachia endosymbiont. The TAGC plots were taxonomically annotated, and the contigs with best similarity to Arthropoda and Proteobacteria are highlighted in color. (PDF 121 kb)
Elliptic Solitons and Groebner Bases
Creators: name: Brezhnev, Yurii V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the solution of spectral problems with elliptic coefficients in the framework of the Hermite ansatz. We show that the search for exactly solvable potentials and their spectral characteristics is reduced to a system of polynomial equations solvable by the Gröbner bases method and others. New integrable potentials and corresponding solutions of the Sawada-Kotera, Kaup-Kupershmidt, Boussinesq equations and others are found.
description: 18 pages, no figures, LaTeX'2e
Additional file 1 of Effect of extended use N95 respirators and eye protection on personal protective equipment (PPE) utilization during SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in Singapore
Creators: name: Tan, Glorijoy Shi En
name: Kyaw Zaw Linn
name: Soon, Margaret Mei Ling
name: Vasoo, Shawn
name: Chan, Monica
name: Poh, Bee Fong
name: Oon-Tek Ng
name: Ang, Brenda Sze-Peng
name: Yee-Sin Leo
name: Kalisvar Marimuthu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Utilization rates of N95 respirator and single-use eye protection per 100 patient-days before and after extended use; Floor plan of isolation room.
Cistobislactone, an undescribed variant of 14-membered bislactonic macrodiolide, from old-lady octopus Cistopus indicus (family Octopodidae) attenuates inflammatory lipoxygenase
Creators: name: Silpa, Kunnappilly Paulose
name: Chakraborty, Kajal
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Chemical evaluation of specialised metabolites from the old-lady marine octopus Cistopus indicus (family Octopodidae) led to the isolation of an undescribed 14-membered bislactonic macrodiolide cistobislactone, which was characterized as 12-(4'-ethyl-6'-methoxy-3'-methyl-hex-1-enyl)-5,11-dihydroxy-6-methyl-1,7-dioxacyclotetradeca-3,9-diene-2,8-dione. Cistobislactone exhibited noticeably greater inhibitory potential against 5-lipoxygenase (IC50 2.06 mM) compared to standard anti-inflammatory agent ibuprofen (IC50 4.61 mM, p 50 ∼1.8 mM) also reinforced its promising anti-inflammatory activity. Higher electronic properties (topological polar surface area of 102.3) and balanced hydrophobicity (logarithm of octanol-water coefficient ∼3) could recognize its higher interaction at the enzyme active site resulting in an effective attenuation of 5-lipoxygenase and efficient inter-membrane permeability. Comparatively lesser binding energy (-6.5 kcal mol−1) and docking score (-7.5 kcal mol−1) of cistobislactone with the aminoacyl residues of 5-lipoxygenase could further recognize its anti-inflammatory potential.
title: Geschichte der Pharmazie 73. Jahrgang August 2021, 3
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Deutscher Apotheker-Verlag
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 615

description: Mit freundlicher Genehmigung des DAV - Deutscher Apotheker Verlag und der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geschichte der Pharmazie.
description: Geschichte der Pharmazie: Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geschichte der Pharmazie e.V., vol. 73, no. 3, p. 33
Additional file 12: of The first draft genomes of the ant Formica exsecta, and its Wolbachia endosymbiont reveal extensive gene transfer from endosymbiont to host
Creators: name: Kishor Dhaygude
name: Abhilash Nair
name: Johansson, Helena
name: Wurm, Yannick
name: Sundstrรถm, Liselotte
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Figure S4. Visualization of sequence similarity between chromosomal Wolbachia and cytoplasmic Wolbachia, using the alignment software circoletto. (PDF 777 kb)
Schottiin, a new prenylated isoflavones from Psorothamnus schottii and antibacterial synergism studies between methicillin and fremontone against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 1708
Creators: name: Kumarihamy, Mallika
name: Tripathi, Siddharth K.
name: Khan, Shabana
name: Muhammad, Ilias
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Bioactivity guided isolation of an ethanol extract of the root of Psoromanthus schottii (Family Fabaceae) afforded a new prenylated isoflavone, named schottiin (5,7,5’-trihydroxy-4’-O-methyl-6’-(3,3-dimethylallyl)-isoflavone) (1), together with four other isoflavones, including fremontone (2), 5,7,4’,5’-tetrahydroxy-2’-(3,3-dimethylallyl)-isoflavone (3), glycyrrhisoflavone (4) and fremontin (5), of which 3 and 4 identified as isomeric mixture. Structures of 1-5 were determined by full spectroscopic analyses. A comprehensive 2 D NMR spectral data has allowed revising the structure of fremontone as 2 from previously reported 2 A. Compound 2 showed weak in-vitro antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). A combination study using a checkerboard assay between fremontone (2) and methicillin exhibited a synergistic activity with 8-fold decrease in MIC of methicillin, as well as an additive effect with vancomycin against MRSA ATCC 1708. Compounds 1 and 2 also showed moderate antiplasmodial activity against chloroquine-sensitive (D6) and -resistant (W2) strains of Plasmodium falciparum with no cytotoxicity to mammalian Vero cells.
Facilitators and Barriers to Hiv Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Adherence and Retention Among Young Men Who have Sex With Men: A Meta-Ethnographic Scoping Review
Creators: name: Phan, Hai Thanh
name: Duyen, Pham Thi Thanh
name: Khuyen, Tong Thi
name: Hao, Bui Minh
name: Vu, Kim-Duy
name: Lien, Tran Hoang My
name: Bartels, Sophia M.
name: Rutstein, Sarah E.
name: Giang, Le Minh
name: Tuan, Le Anh
name: Pham, Loc Quang
name: Hoa, Nguyen Thi Phuong
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2025

description:
Retention and adherence to daily oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) are critical for effective HIV prevention; however, YMSM exhibit lower rates of both compared to other populations. This is important because young men who have sex with men (YMSM) are at higher risk for HIV, and understanding their challenges can help create better support and interventions. This scoping review synthesizes evidence on the facilitators and barriers to HIV PrEP retention and adherence among YMSM, focusing on individuals aged 10 to 29 years. The review adheres to PRISMA-ScR and eMERGe guidelines, examining 14 studies involving 3,178 participants. It emphasizes the complex interactions of individual, interpersonal, community, and societal factors influencing PrEP adherence and retention. Key facilitators include psychological strategies, supportive health systems, and supportive social networks. Conversely, significant barriers encompass financial burdens, interpersonal stigma, and behavioral factors. The review highlights the critical role of tailored, multi-level interventions and the need for healthcare provider training in youth-specific approaches to care. This work contributes to a nuanced understanding of PrEP retention among YMSM, offering insights crucial for designing effective public health strategies to enhance prevention-effective PrEP utilization in this high-risk population.
Assessing health equity inconsistencies in the World Health Organization’s Urban HEART initiative: findings from key informant interviews
Creators: name: O’Campo, Patricia
name: Di Ruggiero, Erica
name: Amri, Michelle
name: Enright, Theresa
name: Bump, Jesse B.
name: Siddiqi, Arjumand
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2025

description:
Background To date, no studies have assessed how the World Health Organization’s (WHO) work operationalizes health equity in practice. To fill the gap, this study investigates the WHO’s Urban Health Equity Assessment and Response Tool (Urban HEART) that focuses on assessing and responding to inequities within cities. This qualitative research answers the question: “how does Urban HEART and associated policy and practice align (or not) with inconsistent approaches to health in/equity?” In other words, asking if past findings from investigating WHO key texts also transpire into Urban HEART and its practices. Methods Purposive sampling was employed to undertake synchronous electronic interviews with key informants to glean a multi-faceted perspective of how equity was operationalized through Urban HEART. Data was collected from 18 key informants who had diverse experiences with Urban HEART. Results The results of this study provided insights on how the WHO’s Urban HEART fares with respect to the three inconsistencies. For the first inconsistency, measurement, Urban HEART was evaluated to measure inequities across districts and neighbourhoods, but not inter-city, demonstrating alignment with WHO texts discussing measurement across groups and not individuals. For the second inconsistency, the goals or approaches sought in striving for health equity, despite Urban HEART presenting “three main approaches to reduce health inequities,” informants expressed the most alignment of Urban HEART action with only one of these approaches (“targeting disadvantaged population groups or social classes”). However, informants also shared how actions taken as part of Urban HEART largely aligned with “striving for a baseline level of health for all,” which is not explicitly specified by the WHO as a main approach. And lastly, in assessing the third inconsistency of whether Urban HEART aligned with addressing inequity through focusing on socioeconomic status/position versus broader social determinants of health, Urban HEART was strongly aligned with the latter. Conclusions This study presents disconnects between WHO’s intentions and actions that followed from Urban HEART. Moving forward, it would be important to discuss goals or approaches sought, prior to any global health initiatives, whether explicitly focused on health equity or not.
Cerceris albicolor Shestakov 1918
Creators: name: Mokrousov, M. V.
name: Proshchalykin, M. Yu.
name: Aliyev, Kh. A.
name: Maharramov, M. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Crabronidae
Cerceris
Cerceris albicolor

description: Cerceris albicolor Shestakov, 1918
 Cerceris albicolor: Schmidt, 2000: 143 (Helenendorf [= Goygol]; Baku).
MATERIAL EXAMINED. 5b – 2 ♂; 13 – 1 ♀; 16 – 1 ♂.
description: Published as part of Mokrousov, M. V., Proshchalykin, M. Yu., Aliyev, Kh. A. & Maharramov, M. M., 2019, To the knowledge of digger wasps (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae) of Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan, pp. 1-24 in Far Eastern Entomologist 394 on page 8, DOI: 10.25221/fee.394.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7164650
title: Glaukomdiagnostische Herausforderungen bei Fundus heterotopicus – Ein Fall aus der Klinik
Creators: name: Meyerdierks, Anna-Laura
name: Wecke, T.
name: Thieme, H.
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Hintergrund: Beim Fundus heterotopicus besteht eine ein- oder beidseitige Bulbusektasie, ein schräger Sehnerveneintritt und ein Conus inferior. Die sektorförmige Bulbusektasie kann in der Sonografie nachgewiesen werden, liegt meist nasal unten und führt konsekutiv zu meist temporal oben[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 27. Jahrestagung der Regionalgesellschaft der Augenärzte Sachsen-Anhalts und Thüringens e. V.
The Cholewinski-Fock space in the Slice Hyperholomorphic Setting
Creators: name: Diki, Kamal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Inspired from the Cholewinski approach see [5], we investigate a family of Fock spaces in the quaternionic slice hyperholomorphic setting as well as some associated quaternionic linear operators. In a particular case, we reobtain the slice hyperholomorphic Fock space introduced and studied in [2].
description: To appear in Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences
title: Quo vadis Glaukomchirurgie?
Creators: name: Thieme, Hagen
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Die Glaukomchirurgie hat sich in den letzten zehn bis 15 Jahren erheblich gewandelt. Gerade durch innovative Konzepte in Bezug auf die mikroinvasive Glaukomchirurgie (MIGS) hat sich das Repertoire der Glaukomchirurgen erheblich erweitert. Trotzdem gilt auch die Trabekulektomie nach wie vor als der Gold-standard[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 27. Jahrestagung der Regionalgesellschaft der Augenärzte Sachsen-Anhalts und Thüringens e. V.
CardioCaps: Attention-based Capsule Network for Class-Imbalanced Echocardiogram Classification
Creators: name: Han, Hyunkyung
name: Seong, Jihyeon
name: Choi, Jaesik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Capsule Neural Networks (CapsNets) is a novel architecture that utilizes vector-wise representations formed by multiple neurons. Specifically, the Dynamic Routing CapsNets (DR-CapsNets) employ an affine matrix and dynamic routing mechanism to train capsules and acquire translation-equivariance properties, enhancing its robustness compared to traditional Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). Echocardiograms, which capture moving images of the heart, present unique challenges for traditional image classification methods. In this paper, we explore the potential of DR-CapsNets and propose CardioCaps, a novel attention-based DR-CapsNet architecture for class-imbalanced echocardiogram classification. CardioCaps comprises two key components: a weighted margin loss incorporating a regression auxiliary loss and an attention mechanism. First, the weighted margin loss prioritizes positive cases, supplemented by an auxiliary loss function based on the Ejection Fraction (EF) regression task, a crucial measure of cardiac function. This approach enhances the model's resilience in the face of class imbalance. Second, recognizing the quadratic complexity of dynamic routing leading to training inefficiencies, we adopt the attention mechanism as a more computationally efficient alternative. Our results demonstrate that CardioCaps surpasses traditional machine learning baseline methods, including Logistic Regression, Random Forest, and XGBoost with sampling methods and a class weight matrix. Furthermore, CardioCaps outperforms other deep learning baseline methods such as CNNs, ResNets, U-Nets, and ViTs, as well as advanced CapsNets methods such as EM-CapsNets and Efficient-CapsNets. Notably, our model demonstrates robustness to class imbalance, achieving high precision even in datasets with a substantial proportion of negative cases.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
A simple model for the formation of vegetated dunes
Creators: name: Nishimori, Hiraku
name: Tanaka, Hirohisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple model for the dynamics of dunes associated with vegetation is proposed. Using the model, formation processes of transverse dunes, parabolic dunes and elongated parabolic dunes according to two environmental factors: i)the amount of sand at the source, ii)the wind force, are simulated. The results have qualitative correspondence to the real counterpart, and the simplicity of the algorithm and the consequent easiness of the handling of this model provide us with wide applicability for the investigation of the complex interplay between vegetation and dunes.
description: 4 figures
Nut Charge, Anti-de Sitter Space and Entropy
Creators: name: Hawking, S. W.
name: Hunter, C. J.
name: Page, D. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been proposed that spacetimes with a U(1) isometry group have contributions to the entropy from Misner strings as well as from the area of $d-2$ dimensional fixed point sets. In this paper we test this proposal by constructing Taub-Nut-AdS and Taub-Bolt-AdS solutions which are examples of a new class of asymptotically locally anti-de Sitter spaces. We find that with the additional contribution from the Misner strings, we exactly reproduce the entropy calculated from the action by the usual thermodynamic relations. This entropy has the right parameter dependence to agree with the entropy of a conformal field theory on the boundary, which is a squashed three-sphere, at least in the limit of large squashing. However the conformal field theory and the normalisation of the entropy remain to be determined.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures Minor corrections. Changes to comments on related work
Lacunary matrices
Creators: name: Harcharras, Asma
name: Neuwirth, Stefan
name: Oleszkiewicz, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47B10, 43A46, 05C38, 05C80, 46B15

description: We study unconditional subsequences of the canonical basis e_rc of elementary matrices in the Schatten class S^p. They form the matrix counterpart to Rudin's Lambda(p) sets of integers in Fourier analysis. In the case of p an even integer, we find a sufficient condition in terms of trails on a bipartite graph. We also establish an optimal density condition and present a random construction of bipartite graphs. As a byproduct, we get a new proof for a theorem of Erdos on circuits in graphs.
description: 14 pages
title: Geschichte der Pharmazie 73. Jahrgang Dezember 2021, 4
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Deutscher Apotheker-Verlag
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 615

description: Mit freundlicher Genehmigung des DAV - Deutscher Apotheker Verlag und der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geschichte der Pharmazie.
description: Geschichte der Pharmazie: Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geschichte der Pharmazie e.V., vol. 73, no. 4, p. 61
A spacetime characterization of the Kerr metric
Creators: name: Mars, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain a characterization of the Kerr metric among stationary, asymptotically flat, vacuum spacetimes, which extends the characterization in terms of the Simon tensor (defined only in the manifold of trajectories) to the whole spacetime. More precisely, we define a three index tensor on any spacetime with a Killing field, which vanishes identically for Kerr and which coincides in the strictly stationary region with the Simon tensor when projected down into the manifold of trajectories. We prove that a stationary asymptotically flat vacuum spacetime with vanishing spacetime Simon tensor is locally isometric to Kerr. A geometrical interpretation of this characterization in terms of the Weyl tensor is also given. Namely, a stationary, asymptotically flat vacuum spacetime such that each principal null direction of the Killing form is a repeated principal null direction of the Weyl tensor is locally isometric to Kerr.
description: 23 pages, No figures, LaTeX, to appear in Classical and Quantum Gravity
Improved two-stage deep learning algorithm and lightweight YOLOv5n for classifying cottonseed damage
Creators: name: Snyder, Lori Unruh
name: Wu, Fan
name: Xiang, Lirong
name: Cheng, Jean
name: Wilcox, Evelynn
name: He, Weilong
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2025

description:
With a rich historical background, the US cotton industry consistently maintains its position as one of the leading global producers. Due to the direct correlation between cottonseed quality and germination rate, conducting non-destructive testing to identify defects in cottonseeds becomes important to optimize yield performance. In this study, we propose an objective method for detecting cottonseed defects which classifies cottonseeds into four categories (Normal, Pinhole, Damage, and Very Damaged) and fourteen subcategories (N, R, C, RH, EH, CH, R Cut, C Cut, RV, CV, RH Expose, EH Expose, CH Expose, and V). Leveraging our customized cottonseed image dataset, we introduce a cottonseed defect detection and classification method based on a lightweight YOLOv5n model enhanced with Swin Transformer and an improved two-stage deep learning classification model. For cottonseed detection, our method achieves a 30.11 % reduction in model size and a 7.7 % increase in m A P 50 : 95 compared to YOLOv5n. For individual cottonseed image classification, the accuracy, precision, recall, and F 1 scores of our two-stage deep learning model are 97.34 %, 97.7 %, 97.3 %, and 97.3 %, respectively. The gradient-weighted class activation mapping (Grad-CAM) algorithm was then used to visually explain the model’s classification mechanism. Moreover, our algorithm demonstrates superior performance compared to six commonly used classification algorithms, including ResNet-18, ResNet-50, AlexNet, GoogleNet, VGG-16, and VGG-19, achieving a notable 1.65 % increase in accuracy over the best-performing algorithm among them. We then compared its performance with four state-of-the-art (SOTA) cottonseed damage classification methods. The findings demonstrate the potential for this design to advance the development of non-destructive seed damage detection.
title: Generating Optimized Samples with Attributed Feature Models: Master's Thesis
Creators: name: Witschel, Tim
Publisher: name: Institut für Softwaretechnik und Fahrzeuginformatik
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 004

description: Sample generation is a powerful and common strategy to address the challenges of testing highly configurable systems efficiently. In the context of software product lines, t-wise Combinatorial Interaction Testing (CIT) has proven to be an effective sampling strategy to minimize the number of test cases. In recent years, researchers have designed novel t-wise sampling algorithms that are becoming more efficient and scaling with larger software product lines. However, in practice, test configurations are often created randomly or manually with expert knowledge. To automate the selection of test configurations based on expert knowledge, the feature models can be extended with expert knowledge in the form of attributes. The selection of test configurations frequently becomes a multi-dimensional problem, as the test configurations are intended to achieve different conflicting objectives, such as t-wise feature interaction coverage, minimization of test cases, maximization of the selection of optional features, or optimization of an attribute. Researchers have developed various approaches for multi-objective test generation. One disadvantage of those is the trade-off between t-wise feature interaction coverage and attribute optimization. In this master thesis, we present two t-wise sampling algorithms that cover all t-wise feature interactions and optimize the sample based on selected attributes of the attributed feature model. For this, we define the meaning of sample optimization based on feature attributes and design a metric to evaluate optimization effectiveness. For evaluating the efficiency and effectiveness of our sampling algorithms, we compare them with other state-of-the-art t-wise sampling algorithms. For this purpose, we use attributed feature models of real-world systems. Some of them are artificially enriched with attributes.
A hydrodynamic approach to the classical ideal gas
Creators: name: Coll, Bartolomé
name: Ferrando, Joan Josep
name: Sáez, Juan Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The necessary and sufficient condition for a conservative perfect fluid energy tensor to be the energetic evolution of a classical ideal gas is obtained. This condition forces the square of the speed of sound to have the form $c_s^2 = \frac{γp}{ρ+p}$ in terms of the hydrodynamic quantities, energy density $ρ$ and pressure $p$, $γ$ being the (constant) adiabatic index. The {\em inverse problem} for this case is also solved, that is, the determination of all the fluids whose evolutions are represented by a conservative energy tensor endowed with the above expression of $c^2_s$, and it shows that these fluids are, and only are, those fulfilling a Poisson law. The relativistic compressibility conditions for the classical ideal gases and the Poisson gases are analyzed in depth and the values for the adiabatic index $γ$ for which the compressibility conditions hold in physically relevant ranges of the hydrodynamic quantities $ρ, p$ are obtained. Some scenarios that model isothermal or isentropic evolutions of a classical ideal gas are revisited, and preliminary results are presented in applying our hydrodynamic approach to looking for perfect fluid solutions that model the evolution of a classical ideal gas or of a Poisson gas.
description: 12 pages, no figures, submitted to Physical Review D
title: Analyzing Sampling Stability of Highly Configurable Systems: Project Work
Creators: name: Witschel, Tim
Publisher: name: Institut für Softwaretechnik und Fahrzeuginformatik
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 004

description: The variability of software product lines is a significant challenge to efficient software testing. Therefore, strategies such as sample generation reduce the testing effort. T-Wise Combinatorial Interaction Testing (CIT) has proven to be a useful sampling strategy in the context of software product lines. CIT sampling algorithms compute a set of configurations that covers a given degree of feature interactions. The error detection rate depends on the degree of t-wise coverage achieved. We study two methods that consider the evolution of software product lines to increase the fault detection rate. Continuous T-Wise Coverage offers the possibility to achieve higher t-wise coverage in the context of continuous integration. Sampling stability indicates how similar the samples are that a sampling algorithm generates over the evolution of a software product line. We implement the sampling stability and continuous t-wise coverage methods in the existing e4CompareFramework. For the evaluation, we use several real-world systems, which have a sufficiently large evolution. However, the deficient availability of feature models for these systems is a challenge. We present a method to extract feature models from real-world systems configured with the Kconfig language.
Exploring the Trade-Offs: Unified Large Language Models vs Local Fine-Tuned Models for Highly-Specific Radiology NLI Task
Creators: name: Li, Quanzheng
name: Liu, Zhengliang
name: Cao, Chao
name: Zhu, Dajiang
name: Li, Yiwei
name: Liu, Tianming
name: Wu, Zihao
name: Dai, Haixing
name: Li, Gang
name: Liu, Wei
name: Shen, Dinggang
name: Yu, Xiaowei
name: Zhao, Lin
name: Zhang, Lu
name: Ma, Chong
name: Li, Xiang
Publisher: name: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Year: 2025

description:
Recently, ChatGPT and GPT-4 have emerged and gained immense global attention due to their unparalleled performance in language processing. Despite demonstrating impressive capability in various open-domain tasks, their adequacy in highly specific fields like radiology remains untested. Radiology presents unique linguistic phenomena distinct from open-domain data due to its specificity and complexity. Assessing the performance of large language models (LLMs) in such specific domains is crucial not only for a thorough evaluation of their overall performance but also for providing valuable insights into future model design directions: whether model design should be generic or domain-specific. To this end, in this study, we evaluate the performance of ChatGPT/GPT-4 on a radiology natural language inference (NLI) task and compare it to other models fine-tuned specifically on task-related data samples. We also conduct a comprehensive investigation on ChatGPT/GPT-4's reasoning ability by introducing varying levels of inference difficulty. Our results show that 1) ChatGPT and GPT-4 outperform other LLMs in the radiology NLI task; 2) other specifically fine-tuned Bert-based models require significant amounts of data samples to achieve comparable performance to ChatGPT/GPT-4. These findings not only demonstrate the feasibility and promise of constructing a generic model capable of addressing various tasks across different domains, but also highlight several key factors crucial for developing a unified model, particularly in a medical context, paving the way for future artificial general intelligence (AGI) systems. We release our code and data to the research community$^\ddagger$.