cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Exploring Internet of Things Adoption Challenges in Manufacturing Firms: A Delphi Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process Approach
Creators: name: Shahriar, Hasan
name: Islam, Md. Saiful
name: Jahin, Md Abrar
name: Ridoy, Istiyaque Ahmed
name: Prottoy, Raihan Rafi
name: Abid, Adiba
name: Mridha, M. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Innovation is crucial for sustainable success in today's fiercely competitive global manufacturing landscape. Bangladesh's manufacturing sector must embrace transformative technologies like the Internet of Things (IoT) to thrive in this environment. This article addresses the vital task of identifying and evaluating barriers to IoT adoption in Bangladesh's manufacturing industry. Through synthesizing expert insights and carefully reviewing contemporary literature, we explore the intricate landscape of IoT adoption challenges. Our methodology combines the Delphi and Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process, systematically analyzing and prioritizing these challenges. This approach harnesses expert knowledge and uses fuzzy logic to handle uncertainties. Our findings highlight key obstacles, with "Lack of top management commitment to new technology" (B10), "High initial implementation costs" (B9), and "Risks in adopting a new business model" (B7) standing out as significant challenges that demand immediate attention. These insights extend beyond academia, offering practical guidance to industry leaders. With the knowledge gained from this study, managers can develop tailored strategies, set informed priorities, and embark on a transformative journey toward leveraging IoT's potential in Bangladesh's industrial sector. This article provides a comprehensive understanding of IoT adoption challenges and equips industry leaders to navigate them effectively. This strategic navigation, in turn, enhances the competitiveness and sustainability of Bangladesh's manufacturing sector in the IoT era.
Additional file 2 of Indicators to evaluate organisational knowledge brokers: a scoping review
Creators: name: Scarlett, Julia
name: Forsberg, Birger C.
name: Biermann, Olivia
name: Kuchenmüller, Tanja
name: El-Khatib, Ziad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Study characteristics of the 32 eligible studies. This file details the complete list of included articles and includes data on the KT model of the KT infrastructure or capacity-building intervention, the country, the capacity-building level, the evaluation method used and the target audience.
Early-type galaxies in the Antlia Cluster: global properties
Creators: name: Calderón, J. P.
name: Bassino, L. P.
name: Cellone, S. A.
name: Gómez, Matías
name: Caso, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an extension of our previous research on the early-type galaxy population of the Antlia cluster (d ~ 35 Mpc), achieving a total coverage of ~ 2.6 deg x deg and performing surface photometry for ~300 galaxies, 130 of which are new uncatalogued ones. Such new galaxies mainly fall in the low surface brightness (LSB) regime, but there are also some lenticulars (S0) which support the existence of unique functions that connect bright and dwarf galaxies in the scaling relations. We analyse the projected spatial distribution of galaxies up to a distance of ~800 kpc from NGC 3268, the adopted centre, as well as the radial velocity distribution and the correlation between galaxy colour and effective radius with the projected spatial distribution. We also obtain the luminosity function of the early-type galaxies and the distribution of stellar masses using the T1-band magnitudes and adopted mass-luminosity ratios. Additionally, we correlate the central galaxy distribution with an X-ray emission map from the literature. Based on the analysis of the radial velocities and galaxy colour distributions, we find that galaxies redder than the colour-magnitude relation (CMR) have a velocity distribution strongly concentrated towards the values of the dominant galaxies and are homogeneously distributed throughout the cluster. Those bluer than the CMR, in turn, have a much more extended radial velocity distribution and are concentrated towards the centre of the cluster. We also identify 12 candidates to ultra diffuse galaxies (UDG), that seem to be split into two families, and speculate about their origins in the context of the cluster structure.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
PARTNERSHIPS WITH INDUSTRY: THE ESSENTIAL INGREDIENT FOR AGRIBUSINESS EDUCATION
Creators: name: Litzenberg, Kerry K.
name: Dunne, Anthony J.
name: Litzenberg, Kerry K.
name: Dunne, Anthony J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: Agribusiness internship
subject: Agribusiness education

description: This paper examines the important issues of establishing partnerships between agribusiness education programs and industry representatives including the benefits to firms, faculty and students. Detailed information is presented on how these partnerships are developed and implemented.
The Changing Public Role in Services to Agriculture: The Case of Information
Creators: name: Zezza, Annalisa
name: Zezza, Annalisa
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Public Economics
subject: information
subject: public goods
subject: food quality
subject: externalities
subject: public services
subject: extension

description: The paper analyzes the changes that have taken place in the nature of agriculture information and their consequences on the public role of related public services with specific regard to process undergoing in the European Union. Increased interest in food quality and food safety issues in a global consumer driven society, together with major attention to environmental and ethical issues related to food production, enlarge both the object of agricultural information and the audience of stakeholders in the food chain and in the general public. Information policy with regard to a multifunctional approach to agriculture, can be finalized to correct three main sources of market failures as access to information, quality and adverse selection and externalities and provision of public goods. The privatization of agricultural research and extension, although useful from the point of view of economic efficiency, poses a number of threats to the development of knowledge for sustainable agriculture. If the public sector decides to move away from the delivering of services, public action can still be relevant in orienting, targeting, regulating and funding in win-win solutions where the advantages of public extension, as open access and evaluation of social priorities, join efficiency and market orientation of the private sector.
Electron spin interferometry using a semiconductor ring structure
Creators: name: Kato, Y. K.
name: Myers, R. C.
name: Gossard, A. C.
name: Awschalom, D. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A ring structure fabricated from GaAs is used to achieve interference of the net spin polarization of conduction band electrons. Optically polarized spins are split into two packets by passing through two arms of the ring in the diffusive transport regime. Optical pumping with circularly polarized light on one arm establishes dynamic nuclear polarization which acts as a local effective magnetic field on electron spins due to the hyperfine interaction. This local field causes one spin packet to precess faster than the other, thereby controlling the spin interference when the two packets are combined.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Co-Design Optimisation of Morphing Topology and Control of Winged Drones
Creators: name: Bergonti, Fabio
name: Nava, Gabriele
name: Wüest, Valentin
name: Paolino, Antonello
name: L'Erario, Giuseppe
name: Pucci, Daniele
name: Floreano, Dario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The design and control of winged aircraft and drones is an iterative process aimed at identifying a compromise of mission-specific costs and constraints. When agility is required, shape-shifting (morphing) drones represent an efficient solution. However, morphing drones require the addition of actuated joints that increase the topology and control coupling, making the design process more complex. We propose a co-design optimisation method that assists the engineers by proposing a morphing drone's conceptual design that includes topology, actuation, morphing strategy, and controller parameters. The method consists of applying multi-objective constraint-based optimisation to a multi-body winged drone with trajectory optimisation to solve the motion intelligence problem under diverse flight mission requirements, such as energy consumption and mission completion time. We show that co-designed morphing drones outperform fixed-winged drones in terms of energy efficiency and mission time, suggesting that the proposed co-design method could be a useful addition to the aircraft engineering toolbox.
Additional file 1 of Indicators to evaluate organisational knowledge brokers: a scoping review
Creators: name: Scarlett, Julia
name: Forsberg, Birger C.
name: Biermann, Olivia
name: Kuchenmüller, Tanja
name: El-Khatib, Ziad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Search strategy used to search Medline and Global Health databases. This file presents the full search strategy used to search the Medline and Global Health databases.
Discovery and astrophysical properties of Galactic open clusters in dense stellar fields using Gaia DR2
Creators: name: Ferreira, Filipe A.
name: Santos, J. F. C.
name: Corradi, W. J. B.
name: Maia, F. F. S.
name: Angelo, M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of 25 new open clusters resulting from a search in dense low galactic latitude fields. We also provide, for the first time, structural and astrophysical parameters for the new findings and 34 other recently discovered open clusters using Gaia DR2 data. The candidates were confirmed by jointly inspecting the vector point diagrams and spatial distribution. The discoveries were validated by matching near known objects and comparing their mean astrometric parameters with the available literature. A decontamination algorithm was applied to the three-dimensional astrometric space to derive membership likelihoods for clusters stars. By rejecting stars with low membership likelihoods, we built decontaminated colour-magnitude diagrams and derived the clusters astrophysical parameters by isochrone fitting. The structural parameters were also derived by King-profile fittings over the stellar distributions. The investigated clusters are mainly located within 3 kpc from the Sun, with ages ranging from 30 Myr to 3.2 Gyr and reddening limited to E(B-V)=2.5. On average, our cluster sample presents less concentrated structures than Gaia DR2 confirmed clusters, since the derived core radii are larger while the tidal radii are not significantly different. Most of them are located in the IV quadrant of the Galactic disc at low latitudes, therefore they are immersed in dense fields characteristic of the inner Milky Way.
description: 18 pages, 15 figures, Accepted in MNRAS jun-2020
Assisting Whole-Farm Decision-Making Through Stochastic Budgeting
Creators: name: Lien, Gudbrand D.
name: Lien, Gudbrand D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Decision analysis
subject: Whole-farm stochastic budgeting
subject: Monte Carlo simulation
subject: Real option

description: Stochastic budgeting is used to simulate the business and financial risk and the performance over a six-year planning horizon on a Norwegian dairy farm. A major difficulty with stochastic whole-farm budgeting lies in identifying and measuring dependency relationships between stochastic variables. Some methods to account for these stochastic dependencies are illustrated. The financial feasibility of different investment and management strategies is evaluated. In contrast with earlier studies with stochastic farm budgeting, the option aspect is included in the analysis.
R&D Appropriability and Planned Obsolescence: Empirical Evidence from Wheat Breeding in the UK (1960-1995)
Creators: name: Rangnekar, Dwijen
name: Rangnekar, Dwijen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Planned Obsolescence
subject: R&D appropriability
subject: Innovation
subject: Plant Breeding

description: Plant breeders face a unique appropriation problem - plants are reproducible, genetic information is heritable and seeds can be multiplied. The paper uses indicators of varietal age as a proxy for durability to examine strategies of planned obsolescence. Using wheat breeding in the UK, evidence of strategies of planned obsolescence is confirmed. This is then corroborated with evidence of tendencies towards increased proliferation of varieties on the market and breeding strategies that focus on incremental productivity improvements (i.e. increased efficiency) and narrow and limited disease resistance (i.e. reduced durability).
Statistical wave scattering through classically chaotic cavities in the presence of surface absorption
Creators: name: Martinez-Mares, M.
name: Mello, P. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a model to describe the statistical properties of wave scattering through a classically chaotic cavity in the presence of surface absorption. Experimentally, surface absorption could be realized by attaching an "absorbing patch" to the inner wall of the cavity. In our model, the cavity is connected to the outside by a waveguide with N open modes (or channels), while an experimental patch is simulated by an "absorbing mirror" attached to the inside wall of the cavity; the mirror, consisting of a waveguide that supports Na channels, with absorption inside and a perfectly reflecting wall at its end, is described by a subunitary scattering matrix Sa. The number of channels Na, as a measure of the geometric cross section of the mirror, and the lack of unitarity of Sa as a measure of absorption, are under our control: these parameters have an important physical significance for real experiments. The absorption strength in the cavity is quantified by the trace of the lack of unitarity. The statistical distribution of the resulting S matrix for N=1 open channel and only one absorbing channel, Na =1, is solved analytically for the orthogonal and unitary universality classes, and the results are compared with those arising from numerical simulations. The relation with other models existing in the literature, in some of which absorption has a volumetric character, is also studied.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. E
Geometric Support for Dark Matter by an Unaligned Einstein Ring in Abell 3827
Creators: name: Chen, Mandy C.
name: Broadhurst, Tom
name: Lim, Jeremy
name: Molnar, Sandor M.
name: Diego, Jose M.
name: Oguri, Masamune
name: Lee, Lilian L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The non-detection of dark matter (DM) particles in increasingly stringent laboratory searches has encouraged alternative gravity theories where gravity is sourced only from visible matter. Here, we consider whether such theories can pass a two-dimensional test posed by gravitational lensing -- to reproduce a particularly detailed Einstein ring in the core of the galaxy cluster Abell 3827. We find that when we require the lensing mass distribution to strictly follow the shape (ellipticity and position angle) of the light distribution of cluster member galaxies, intracluster stars, and the X-ray emitting intracluster medium, we cannot reproduce the Einstein ring, despite allowing the mass-to-light ratios of these visible components to freely vary with radius to mimic alternative gravity theories. Alternatively, we show that the detailed features of the Einstein ring are accurately reproduced by allowing a smooth, freely oriented DM halo in the lens model, with relatively small contributions from the visible components at a level consistent with their observed brightnesses. This dominant DM component is constrained to have the same orientation as the light from the intracluster stars, indicating that the intracluster stars trace the gravitational potential of this component. The Einstein ring of Abell 3827 therefore presents a new challenge for alternative gravity theories: not only must such theories find agreement between the total lensing mass and visible mass, but they must also find agreement between the projected sky distribution of the lensing mass and that of the visible matter, a more stringent test than has hitherto been posed by lensing data.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures, 8 tables. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Handing Over the Reins: A Comparative Study of Intergenerational Farm Transfers in England, France and Canada
Creators: name: Errington, Andrew
name: Errington, Andrew
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Family Farms
subject: Retirement
subject: Business Succession

description: One of the most critical stages in the development of any family business is the transfer of its ownership and control to the next generation. However, the process by which this transfer is achieved in farming has been one of the least-researched facets of farm business management. This paper draws on an on-going research project which seeks to remedy this omission. Comparable data for a total of 3,500 farms in England, France and Canada has been analysed to provide a portrait of the main features of the process in which the older generation retires from the farm while the younger generation takes over its ownership and management. The paper begins by defining the three distinct, but interrelated, processes of inheritance, succession and retirement. Focusing on the process of succession, it briefly summarises some of the main similarities and differences in current practice among farm families in the three countries. Having presented a typology of patterns of farming succession based on a review of the literature, the paper goes on to modify this in the light of findings from the more recent surveys.
Near-field Radiative Heat Transfer in Many-Body Systems
Creators: name: Biehs, Svend-Age
name: Messina, Riccardo
name: Venkataram, Prashanth S.
name: Rodriguez, Alejandro W.
name: Cuevas, Juan Carlos
name: Ben-Abdallah, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many-body physics aims to understand emergent properties of systems made of many interacting objects. This article reviews recent progress on the topic of radiative heat transfer in many-body systems consisting of thermal emitters interacting in the near-field regime. Near-field radiative heat transfer is a rapidly emerging field of research in which the cooperative behavior of emitters gives rise to peculiar effects which can be exploited to control heat flow at the nanoscale. Using an extension of the standard Polder and van Hove stochastic formalism to deal with thermally generated fields in $N$-body systems, along with their mutual interactions through multiple scattering, a generalized Landauer-like theory is derived to describe heat exchange mediated by thermal photons in arbitrary reciprocal and non-reciprocal multi-terminal systems. In this review, we use this formalism to address both transport and dynamics in these systems from a unified perspective. Our discussion covers: (i) the description of non-additivity of heat flux and its related effects, including fundamental limits as well as the role of nanostructuring and material choice, (ii) the study of equilibrium states and multistable states, (iii) the relaxation dynamics (thermalization) toward local and global equilibria, (iv) the analysis of heat transport regimes in ordered and disordered systems comprised of a large number of objects, density and range of interactions, and (v) the description of thermomagnetic effects in magneto-optical systems and heat transport mechanisms in non-Hermitian many-body systems. We conclude this review by listing outstanding challenges and promising future research directions.
description: 54 pages, 45 figures
A comparative study of spatial analysis methods for forestry Nelder experiments
Creators: name: Affleck, David L. R.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The Nelder (1962) series of systematic spacing wheel designs define compact and spatially explicit layouts for forestry spacing experiments. One difficulty in the analysis of Nelder experiments is that the compact arrangements of trees may result in significant correlations among neighbouring variable values when these are geographically ordered. When this is the case, classical analysis methods, based on random sampling models and ordinary least squares estimators, provide inefficient estimates of treatment effects and biased estimates of variance parameters. However, the formal geometric structure of Nelder experiments presents an opportunity to evaluate the properties of alternative analysis methods based on spatial correlated error models. The statistical and practical properties of four spatial analysis methods were evaluated in the context of the interpretation of data from forestry Nelder (1962) experiments. The spatial analysis methods considered were based on either regionalized variables or nearest neighbour models and restricted maximum likelihood estimators. The validity and relative efficiency of the spatial analysis methods were assessed under different magnitudes of spatial autocorrelation through a simulation study. The same spatial analysis methods were also applied to data from a Nelder experiment in the University of British Columbia Malcolm Knapp Research Forest in Haney, British Columbia. The spatial analysis methods based on regionalized variables models were valid and more efficient than the classical analysis method when data were strongly spatially correlated. The spatial analysis methods based on nearest neighbour models were not valid and were less efficient than the classical analysis method. Application of the spatial analysis methods required more intensive estimation procedures.
Tuning topological superconductivity within the $t$-$J$-$U$ model of twisted bilayer cuprates
Creators: name: Fidrysiak, Maciej
name: Rzeszotarski, Bartłomiej
name: Spałek, Józef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We carry out a theoretical study of unconventional superconductivity in twisted bilayer cuprates (TBC) as a function of electron density and layer twist angle. The bilayer $t$-$J$-$U$ model is employed and analyzed within the framework of a generalized variational wave function approach in the statistically-consistent Gutzwiller formulation. The constructed phase diagram encompasses both gapless $d$-wave state (reflecting the pairing symmetry of untwisted copper-oxides) and gapped $d+\mathrm{e}^{iφ}d$ phase that breaks spontaneously time-reversal-symmetry (TRS) and is characterized by nontrivial Chern number. We find that $d+\mathrm{e}^{iφ}d$ state occupies a non-convex butterfly-shaped region in the doping vs. twist-angle plane, and demonstrate the presence of previously unreported reentrant TRS-breaking phase on the underdoped side of the phase diagram. This circumstance supports the emergence of topological superconductivity for fine-tuned twist angles in TBC away from $45^\circ$. Our analysis of the microscopically derived Landau free energy functional points toward sensitivity of the superconducting order parameter to small perturbations close to the topological state boundary.
High-contrast dispersive readout of a superconducting flux qubit using a nonlinear resonator
Creators: name: Lupascu, A.
name: Driessen, E. F. C.
name: Roschier, L.
name: Harmans, C. J. P. M.
name: Mooij, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate high-contrast state detection of a superconducting flux qubit. Detection is realized by probing the microwave transmission of a nonlinear resonator, based on a SQUID. Depending on the driving strength of the resonator, the detector can be operated in the monostable or the bistable mode. The bistable operation combines high-sensitivity with intrinsic latching. The measured contrast of Rabi oscillations is as high as 87 %; of the missing 13 %, only 3 % is unaccounted for. Experiments involving two consecutive detection pulses are consistent with preparation of the qubit state by the first measurement.
description: submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett
How to Teach Programming in the AI Era? Using LLMs as a Teachable Agent for Debugging
Creators: name: Ma, Qianou
name: Shen, Hua
name: Koedinger, Kenneth
name: Wu, Tongshuang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Large Language Models (LLMs) now excel at generative skills and can create content at impeccable speeds. However, they are imperfect and still make various mistakes. In a Computer Science education context, as these models are widely recognized as "AI pair programmers," it becomes increasingly important to train students on evaluating and debugging the LLM-generated code. In this work, we introduce HypoCompass, a novel system to facilitate deliberate practice on debugging, where human novices play the role of Teaching Assistants and help LLM-powered teachable agents debug code. We enable effective task delegation between students and LLMs in this learning-by-teaching environment: students focus on hypothesizing the cause of code errors, while adjacent skills like code completion are offloaded to LLM-agents. Our evaluations demonstrate that HypoCompass generates high-quality training materials (e.g., bugs and fixes), outperforming human counterparts fourfold in efficiency, and significantly improves student performance on debugging by 12% in the pre-to-post test.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
48. The risk of asteroid impacts
Creators: name: Perryman, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: From time to time, the topic of near-Earth asteroids, and their potential for impact hazards to our planet, hits the scientific and popular headlines. Although still unprecedented, Gaia's original target accuracies could have predicted likely impactors 100 years hence, contributing even more to impact assessment and mitigation.
Local Simulations of Spiral Galaxies with the TIGRESS Framework: I. Star Formation and Arm Spurs/Feathers
Creators: name: Kim, Woong-Tae
name: Kim, Chang-Goo
name: Ostriker, Eve C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spiral arms greatly affect gas flows and star formation in disk galaxies. We use local three-dimensional simulations of the vertically-stratified, self-gravitating, differentially-rotating, interstellar medium (ISM) subject to a stellar spiral potential to study the effects of spiral arms on star formation and formation of arm spurs/feathers. We adopt the TIGRESS framework of Kim & Ostriker (2017) to handle radiative heating and cooling, star formation, and ensuing supernova (SN) feedback. We find that more than 90% of star formation takes place in spiral arms, but the global star formation rate (SFR) in models with spiral arms is enhanced by less than a factor of 2 compared to the no-arm counterpart. This results from a quasi-linear relationship between the SFR surface density Sigma_SFR and the gas surface density Sigma, and supports the picture that spiral arms do not trigger star formation but rather concentrate star-forming regions. Correlated SN feedback produces gaseous spurs/feathers downstream from arms in both magnetized and unmagnetized models. These spurs/feathers are short-lived and have magnetic fields parallel to their length, in contrast to the longer-lived features with perpendicular magnetic fields induced by gravitational instability. SN feedback drives the turbulent component of magnetic fields, with the total magnetic field strength sublinearly proportional to Sigma. The total midplane pressure varies by a factor of ~10 between arm and interarm regions but agrees locally with the total vertical ISM weight, while Sigma_SFR is locally consistent with the prediction of pressure-regulated, feedback-modulated theory.
description: Accepted for publication in the ApJ
Can pulsating PG1159 stars place constraints on the occurrence of core overshooting?
Creators: name: Córsico, A. H.
name: Althaus, L. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present letter is aimed at exploring the influence of overshooting during the central helium burning in pre-white dwarf progenitors on the pulsational properties of PG1159 stars. To this end we follow the complete evolution an intermediate-mass white dwarf progenitor from the zero age main sequence through the thermally pulsing and born-again phases to the domain of the PG1159 stars. Our results suggest that the presence of mode-trapping features in the period spacings of these hot pulsating stars could result from structure in the carbon-oxygen core. We find in particular that in order to get enough core structure consistent with observational demands, the occurrence of overshoot episodes during the central helium burning is needed. This conclusion is valid for thick helium envelopes like those predicted by our detailed evolutionary calculations. If the envelope thickness were substantially smaller, then the occurrence of core overshooting would be more difficult to disentangle from the effects related to the envelope transition zones.
description: 4 pages, including 3 postscript figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics Letters
Variations in Farm Performance: Evidence from the CEECs and Existing EU Member States
Creators: name: Davidova, Sophia
name: Gorton, Matthew
name: Ratinger, Tomas
name: Zawalinska, Katarzyna
name: Iraizoz, Belen
name: Kovacs, Barna
name: Mizo, Tamas
name: Davidova, Sophia
name: Gorton, Matthew
name: Ratinger, Tomas
name: Zawalinska, Katarzyna
name: Iraizoz, Belen
name: Kovacs, Barna
name: Mizo, Tamas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: CEECs
subject: farm performance
subject: profitability
subject: cluster analysis

description: This paper attempts to shed light on the recent performance of farms in the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland and to compare the findings from the CEECs with the EU situation. Utilising farm survey data, ratios of agricultural profitability and productivity have been estimated and clusters of farms with similar characteristics have been identified. Analysis indicates that the Hungarian farms have the best prospects amongst the analysed accession countries according to their profitability. The poor profitability and structural problems of Polish agriculture are highlighted. The family farms are less productive than corporate farms in the Czech Republic and Hungary despite the expectations at the outset of the reform that better incentives will boost their productivity.
Three Family Models from the Heterotic String
Creators: name: Raby, Stuart
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this talk I outline work done in collaboration with R.J. Zhang and T. Kobayashi. We show how to construct the equivalent of three family orbifold GUTs in five dimensions from the heterotic string. I focus on one particular model with E(6) gauge symmetry in 5D, the third family and Higgs doublet coming from the 5D bulk and the first two families living on 4D SO(10) branes. Note the E(6) gauge symmetry is broken to Pati-Salam in 4D which subsequently breaks to the Standard Model gauge symmetry via the Higgs mechanism. The model has two flaws, one fatal and one perhaps only unaesthetic. The model has a small set of vector-like exotics with fractional electromagnetic charge. Unfortunately not all of these states obtain mass at the compactification scale. This flaw is fatal. The second problem is R parity violating interactions. These problems may be avoidable in alternate orbifold compactification schemes. It is these problems which we discuss in this talk.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures, plenary talk given at PASCOS 2005, May 30 - June 4, Gyeongju, Korea
Cooperatives, Regulation and Competition in Norwegian Agriculture
Creators: name: Tennbakk, Berit
name: Tennbakk, Berit
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Cooperatives
subject: regulation
subject: over production
subject: duopoly

description: Over production is a persistent and costly problem in Norwegian agriculture. Support to agricultural production implicitly yields incentives to produce too much, i.e., causing market prices to fall below the target level, and thereby increasing the need for subsidies and additional market interventions. In order to restrict supplies, farmers are allowed to coordinate through marketing cooperatives. The paper argues that this coordination is likely to be insufficient in markets where the cooperative competes with an investor-owned wholesaler. Interventions in the market in order to remove excess supplies may induce further incentives to increase production. Levying a tax on all production in order to cover market regulation costs, moves the solution in the right direction but is impotent in restoring the target (second-best) level of production.
Additional file 1 of Reproductive history and blood cell DNA methylation later in life: the Young Finns Study
Creators: name: Harville, Emily W.
name: Mishra, Pashupati P.
name: Kähönen, Mika
name: Raitoharju, Emma
name: Marttila, Saara
name: Raitakari, Olli
name: Lehtimäki, Terho
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary tables and figures.
Investigating the Andromeda Stream: I. Simple Analytic Bulge-Disk-Halo Model for M31
Creators: name: Geehan, J. J.
name: Fardal, M. A.
name: Babul, A.
name: Guhathakurta, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper is the first in a series which studies interactions between M31 and its satellites, including the origin of the giant southern stream. We construct accurate yet simple analytic models for the potential of the M31 galaxy to provide an easy basis for calculation of orbits in M31's halo. We use an NFW dark halo, an exponential disk, a Hernquist bulge, and a central black hole point mass to describe the galaxy potential. We constrain the parameters of these functions by comparing to existing surface brightness, velocity dispersion, and rotation curve measurements of M31. Our description provides a good fit to the observations, and agrees well with more sophisticated modeling of M31. While in many respects the parameter set is well constrained, there is substantial uncertainty in the outer halo potential and a near-degeneracy between the disk and halo components, producing a large, nearly two-dimensional allowed region in parameter space. We limit the allowed region using theoretical expectations for the halo concentration, baryonic content, and stellar $M/L$ ratio, finding a smaller region where the parameters are physically plausible. Our proposed mass model for M31 has $M_{bulge} = 3.2 \times 10^{10} \Msun$, $M_{disk} = 7.2 \times 10^{10} \Msun$, and $M_{200} = 7.1\times 10^{11} \Msun$, with uncorrected (for internal and foreground extinction) mass-to-light ratios of $M/L_R = 3.9$ and 3.3 for the bulge and disk, respectively. We present some illustrative test particle orbits for the progenitor of the stellar stream in our galaxy potential, highlighting the effects of the remaining uncertainty in the disk and halo masses.
description: 17 pages, 8 color figures, 2 tables. Accepted by Monthly Notices; Models listed in tables modified, text reorganized and shortened
Price Transmission Asymmetries in the Spanish Lamb Sector
Creators: name: Ben Kaabia, Monia
name: Gil, Jose Maria
name: Boshnjaku, L.
name: Ben Kaabia, Monia
name: Gil, Jose Maria
name: Boshnjaku, L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Price transmission
subject: asymmetries
subject: TAR models
subject: lamb
subject: Spain

description: The analysis of asymmetries in the price transmission mechanism at different levels of the marketing chain provides some interesting information about the degree of competition in vertical related markets. The objective of this paper is to investigate the non-linear adjustments of prices along the lamb sector in Spain. The methodology used is based on the multivariate approach to specify and estimate a Threshold Autoregressive Model. Price relationships at farm, wholesale and retail levels are considered. Results indicate that in the long-run price transmission is perfect and any supply or demand shocks are fully transmitted to all prices in the system. In the shortrun, analyses suggest that the high degree of horizontal concentration among retailers allow them to have market power. Responses to any shock generate an increase of the retail price spread which is more evident when prices show an upward trend.
Quantum interference effects of out-of-plane confinement on two-dimensional electron systems in oxides
Creators: name: Santander-Syro, A. F.
name: Dai, J.
name: Rödel, T. C.
name: Frantzeskakis, E.
name: Fortuna, F.
name: Weht, R.
name: Rozenberg, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It was recently discovered that a conductive, metallic state is formed on the surface of some insulating oxides. Firstly observed on SrTiO$_3$(001), it was then found in other compounds as diverse as anatase TiO$_2$, KTaO$_3$, BaTiO$_3$, ZnO, and also on different surfaces of SrTiO$_3$ (or other oxides) with different symmetries. The spatial extension of the wave function of this electronic state is of only a few atomic layers. Experiments indicate its existence is related to the presence of oxygen vacancies induced at or near the surface of the oxide. In this article we present a simplified model aimed at describing the effect of its small spatial extension on measurements of its 3D electronic structure by angular resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). For the sake of clarity, we base our discussion on a simple tight binding scheme plus a confining potential that is assumed to be induced by the oxygen vacancies. Our model parameters are, nevertheless, obtained from density functional calculations. With this methodology we can explain from a very simple concept of selective interference the "wobbling", i.e., the photoemission intensity modulation and/or apparent dispersion of the Fermi surface and spectra along the out-of-plane ($k_z$) direction, and the "mixed 2D/3D" characteristics observed in some experiments. We conclude that the critical model parameters for such an effect are the relative strength of the electronic hopping of each band and the height/width aspect ratio of the surface confining potential. By considering recent photoemission measurements under the light of our findings, we can get relevant information on the electronic wave functions and of the nature of the confining potential.
description: Accepted to Physical Review B
Digital Twin Assisted Deep Reinforcement Learning for Online Admission Control in Sliced Network
Creators: name: Tao, Zhenyu
name: Xu, Wei
name: You, Xiaohu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The proliferation of diverse wireless services in 5G and beyond has led to the emergence of network slicing technologies. Among these, admission control plays a crucial role in achieving service-oriented optimization goals through the selective acceptance of service requests. Although deep reinforcement learning (DRL) forms the foundation in many admission control approaches thanks to its effectiveness and flexibility, initial instability with excessive convergence delay of DRL models hinders their deployment in real-world networks. We propose a digital twin (DT) accelerated DRL solution to address this issue. Specifically, we first formulate the admission decision-making process as a semi-Markov decision process, which is subsequently simplified into an equivalent discrete-time Markov decision process to facilitate the implementation of DRL methods. A neural network-based DT is established with a customized output layer for queuing systems, trained through supervised learning, and then employed to assist the training phase of the DRL model. Extensive simulations show that the DT-accelerated DRL improves resource utilization by over 40% compared to the directly trained state-of-the-art dueling deep Q-learning model. This improvement is achieved while preserving the model's capability to optimize the long-term rewards of the admission process.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, in IEEE Transactions on Communications
On the Feasibility of "Twofold Transformation". Can Institutions of Sustainability Evolve in Transition Countries?
Creators: name: Hagedorn, Konrad
name: Hagedorn, Konrad
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Institutional and Behavioral Economics

description: This paper aims at explaining the role and importance of the evolution of institutions for sustainable agri-environments during the transition process by referring to agrienvironmental problems faced in Central and Eastern European countries. A central question therefore is whether the required institutional arrangements for achieving sustainability in the area of agri-environmental resource management can be built more easily in periods of transition as they fill institutional gaps, or whether processes of transition make institution building a more difficult and far more time consuming task than previously thought. Above all, we want to find out, how these two processes of institution building at different scales affect the sustainable management of resources such as water and biodiversity in agriculture. It will become clear that the agri-environmental problem areas faced during transition are complex and dynamic and require adequate institutions both by political design and from the grassroots, to be developed by the respective actors involved. Transition from centrally planned to pluralistic systems has to be considered as a particular and in some respect nontypical process of institutional change. Popular theories of institutional change do not necessarily apply. The privatisation experience from many CEE countries will serve as an example. Finally, we will emphasis the problem of missing or insufficient interaction between political actors or agencies and people in CEE countries. Substantial investments into social and human capital, particularly regarding informal institutions are needed for institutions of sustainability to evolve.
Additional file 1 of Careful conversations: an educational video to support parents in communicating about weight with their children
Creators: name: Klupt, Kody A.
name: Oreskovich, Stephan M.
name: Bernard-Genest, Julie
name: Barkha P. Patel
name: Chu, Lisa
name: Dettmer, Elizabeth
name: Walsh, Catharine M.
name: Strom, Michele
name: McPherson, Amy C.
name: Strub, Jonah
name: Steinberg, Alissa
name: Steinegger, Cathleen
name: Hamilton, Jill K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Parent Questionnaire.
Land Quality in an International Comparison: It's Importance in Measuring Productivity
Creators: name: Nehring, Richard F.
name: Ball, V. Eldon
name: Breneman, Vincent E.
name: Nehring, Richard F.
name: Ball, V. Eldon
name: Breneman, Vincent E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: total factor productivity
subject: hedonic techniques
subject: soil stress
subject: quality-adjusted land

description: The purpose of this paper has been to present quality-adjusted values for land in the United States and nine European countries using price and quantity data for 1990. Disregarding such differences in the quality-adjusted land input would generate biased estimates of the land input and thus of total factor productivity. Land quality adjustments could potentially be enhanced further with additional data on soil characteristics, climate, and other productivity-related characteristics.
Additional file 2 of Careful conversations: an educational video to support parents in communicating about weight with their children
Creators: name: Klupt, Kody A.
name: Oreskovich, Stephan M.
name: Bernard-Genest, Julie
name: Barkha P. Patel
name: Chu, Lisa
name: Dettmer, Elizabeth
name: Walsh, Catharine M.
name: Strom, Michele
name: McPherson, Amy C.
name: Strub, Jonah
name: Steinberg, Alissa
name: Steinegger, Cathleen
name: Hamilton, Jill K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Parent Questionnaire (4–6 Months Post).
Spin-orbit effects on the Larmor dispersion relation in GaAs quantum wells
Creators: name: Malet, Francesc
name: Lipparini, Enrico
name: Barranco, Manuel
name: Pi, Martí
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the relevance of spin-orbit coupling to the dispersion 00009 relation of the Larmor resonance observed in inelastic light scattering and electron-spin resonance experiments on GaAs quantum wells. We show that the spin-orbit interaction, here described by a sum of Dresselhaus and Bychkov-Rashba terms, couples Zeeman and spin-density excitations. We have evaluated its contribution to the spin splitting as a function of the magnetic field $B$, and have found that in the small $B$ limit, the spin-orbit interaction does not contribute to the spin splitting, whereas at high magnetic fields it yields a $B$ independent contribution to the spin splitting given by $2(λ_R^2-λ_D^2)$, with $λ_{R,D}$ being the intensity of the Bychkov-Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit terms.
description: To be published in Physical Review B