cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Potential of machine learning algorithms for predicting the properties of medium-density fiberboard (MDF): preliminary results
Creators: name: Gargari, Rahim Mohebbi
name: Amirmazlaghni, Maryam
name: Shalbafan, Ali
name: Sadatnejad, Seyed Hamzeh
name: Alavi, Seyed Jalil
name: Thömen, Heiko
Publisher: name: Shahid Beheshti University
Year: 2025
Subjects: machine learning
wood-based panel
quality control
random forest
feature selection

description: Traditional quality control methods in the woodbased panel industry, especially for medium-density fiberboard, are insufficient to compete in the current market. In addition, due to the rapid growth of wood-based panel production and the need to provide competitive products in the market, there is an unprecedented need to explore new methods of quality control throughout the production process. Therefore, it seems necessary to use new quality control methods based on artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms, because they have high predictive and optimization capabilities. The aim of this research is to develop suitable model to identify the most important and effective variables in the production process of industrial fiberboards and finally to predict the properties of the final product such as the bending strength (MOR) based on industrial data. For this purpose, the R software environment was used to implement the random forest algorithm to identify important variables. The performance of the model was evaluated using the coefficient of determination (R²) and the root mean square error (RMSE). The results showed moderate accuracy with an R² value of 0.49, which means that the model explained 49% of the variance of the dependent variable. The RMSE was 1.565, indicating a low prediction error. These metrics demonstrate the robustness and reliability of the random forest algorithm in managing complex data sets and producing accurate predictions.
Educational Adequacy, Capability, And Basic Educational Justice: A Revision Of Anderson and Satz
Creators: name: Corbett, Jared
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2020

description: There are two leading accounts of the principles of educational adequacy by Elizabeth Anderson and Debra Satz. Anderson's and Satz's accounts have been criticized for being insufficiently value-pluralist, and both lack a metric of justice. In this paper, I revise the principle of educational adequacy in order to address these problems. I argue that although the principle of educational adequacy cannot be the only principle in a complete theory of educational justice, it can tell us what basic justice in education requires in measurable terms. I highlight two core commitments that Anderson and Satz share: a commitment to 1) democratic egalitarianism and 2) sufficientarian equal citizenship. Then, I reformulate these commitments in a way that accounts for the role that other egalitarian values have to play in a complete theory of justice in education. Finally, I claim that progress towards educational adequacy can be measured using the capabilities approach.
Opting-In: A Further Justification of Robin Zheng's Role-Ideal Model
Creators: name: Fraser, Meagan
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2020

description: In this paper I argue that Robin Zheng's model of accountability, the Role Ideal Model (RIM), overlooks an important distinction. It is not simply 'inhabiting that role' that justifies extra reparative burdens for any person. Instead, a person may acquire such burdens only by electing to inhabit that role. I critically assess Zheng's RIM first by offering a friendly amendment to her theory. I highlight a distinction between opt-in roles and what I will call non-voluntary roles. This difference motivates my second point that the RIM can only justify higher claims for redress against those inhabiting opted-in roles, not against those in non-voluntary roles. Whether we opt into a role has normative significance in how we prioritize our 'push[ing] of the boundaries' within those roles and what kinds of claims others may make against us (Zheng 877).
Optimizing the Benefits of Invasive Alien Plants Biomass in South Africa
Creators: name: Rawat, Yashwant S.
name: Singh, G. S.
name: Tekleyohannes, Anteneh T.
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Year: 2024

description: The current political situation in South Africa is seeking opportunities to promote sustainable development and use of renewable resources for energy, poverty alleviation, economic development, and environmental protection (e.g., mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions). The present study is based on a critical literature review and synthesis of policy advice in South Africa. The study comprehensively examined the knowledge base and gathered relevant empirical findings and perspectives so as to identify the gaps, trends, and patterns in the optimal management and utilization of invasive alien plants (IAPs) biomass, thereby supporting evidence-based practice. Additionally, the literature review was supported by the first-hand experience of invasive alien plants management and its biomass utilization. This research proposes long-term options for optimizing the costs and benefits of invasive alien plants biomass and meeting rising energy demand. Biomass from the country’s approximately 300 “Working for Water (WfW) Projects” might be used for bioenergy, firewood, charcoal, and other value-added forest products, both for internal and international use. The extraction and use of biomass from invasive alien plants for green energy and other valuable products would aid in the elimination of hazardous invasive species and reduce the amount of fuel in the fields, as well as fire and flood threats. Biomass from invasive alien plants clearings can be distributed to rural regions and informal settlements as a supply of firewood with the aim of reducing reliance on nearby forests, conserving the environment and biodiversity, minimizing forest degradation, supporting climate change, and enhancing energy efficiency and wood waste management (e.g., recycling and prevention) for green economic development and industrial transformation. The findings of this study imply that for competitive biomass-to-energy conversion and bio-economic applications for the use of invasive alien plant biomass, cost management, particularly for transportation, and significant regulatory incentives are essential. In addition, effective policy instruments that aid in the promotion of innovative systems and knowledge generation are required so that biomass can be optimally used for bioenergy and other competitive bio-economic applications.
Delusions as Hetero-Dynamic Property Clusters
Creators: name: Clipp, Shelby
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2020

description: The standard position in psychiatry maintains that delusions are beliefs. However, the features of delusions often diverge from those typically associated with belief. This discrepancy has given rise to what I refer to as the doxastic status debate, which concerns whether delusions are best characterized as 'beliefs.' Despite efforts, there has been little progress in settling this debate. I argue that the debate has been stymied because it's largely a verbal dispute (Chalmers, 2011). I then attempt to advance the debate into substantive territory by putting forward the hetero-dynamic property cluster (HDPC) model. According to the HDPC model, delusions are mental states characterized by an odd and unstable cluster of features, which, when manifested, gives delusions the appearance of straddling the line between two distinct types of attitudes.
Public Reason and Moral Repair
Creators: name: Larson, Luke
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2020

description: I argue that both major approaches to public reason liberalism include duties of restraint for legislators. Consensus views require exclusion of non-public reasons, and convergence requires proposal restraint. Violations of these duties create due diligence duties of moral repair, which require the wrongdoer to make a genuine and reasonable effort to normalize moral relations with those wronged. I argue that apology is one favorable route for moral repair. However, it is difficult to assess the sincerity of apologies, so they often need supplemented with other morally compensatory actions. I defend the view that, on consensus accounts, legislators must provide a renewed defense of their positions in terms of public reasons, and, on convergence accounts, legislators must retract their support for positions that violate convergent restraint.
Sex Work and Empowerment
Creators: name: Maccaro, Marisa
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2020

description: The relationship between sex and power is the focus of much feminist work. Most feminists agree that the norms of heterosexuality as defined by the dominant patriarchal ideology are central to women's continued oppression. However, feminists disagree about how women can resist these norms and whether sex work can be a site of resistance and place where women can empower themselves. While the 'sex work is work' slogan of decriminalization advocacy has helped shift the label 'sexual deviant' off sex workers and onto their customers, I argue that the resulting power shift is bound to power as domination. Empowerment, I argue, is experienced by sex workers through the performance of a pre-constructed sexuality that has historically been a site of powerlessness and subsequent exploration of sexual expression outside patriarchal power relations. The capacity of this creative endeavor to effect positive socio-sexual change cannot be seen through a desexualized lens.
String attractors of Rote sequences
Creators: name: Dvořáková, Lubomíra
name: Hendrychová, Veronika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 68R15

description: In this paper, we describe minimal string attractors (of size two) of pseudopalindromic prefixes of standard complementary-symmetric Rote sequences. Such a class of Rote sequences forms a subclass of binary generalized pseudostandard sequences, i.e., of sequences obtained when iterating palindromic and antipalindromic closures. When iterating only palindromic closure, palindromic prefixes of standard Sturmian sequences are obtained and their string attractors are of size two. However, already when iterating only antipalindromic closure, antipalindromic prefixes of binary pseudostandard sequences are obtained and we prove that the minimal string attractors are of size three in this case. We conjecture that the pseudopalindromic prefixes of any binary generalized pseudostandard sequence have a minimal string attractor of size at most four.
Free Will Experiences and Higher-Order Thoughts
Creators: name: Hale, Kyle
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2020

description: A naturalist wanting to understand our conscious experience of free will may find it difficult to judge exactly what content is present in that experience. I provide an approach for how naturalistic theories of consciousness can be used to go about that, and then I apply David Rosenthal's HOT theory to that approach. After explaining HOT theory's framework, I review the literature on the experience of free will in order to identify which items of content of the experience are libertarian and which are compatibilist. I then use HOT theory to show how various mental states interact to produce content associated with the experience of libertarian free will. Since the naturalist can't accept libertarian metaphysics, the conclusion is that the experience of free will is illusory. I end by addressing concerns with that conclusion, including the question of why it is that we still feel free.
Clausius' theorem and the Second law in the process of isoenergetic thermalization
Creators: name: Narang, Vansh
name: Rai, Renuka
name: Johal, Ramandeep S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Isoenergetic thermalization amongst $n$ bodies is a well-known irreversible process, bringing the bodies to a common temperature $T_F$ and leading to a rise in the total entropy of the bodies. We express this change in entropy using the Clausius formula over a reversible path connecting $T_F$ with $T_f$ which corresponds to the entropy-preserving temperature of the initial nonequilibrium state. Under the assumption of positive heat capacities of the bodies, the Second law inequality simply follows from the fact that $T_F > T_f$. We extend this approach to the continuum case of an unequally heated rod, illustrating with the special case of the rod with constant heat capacity and a linear temperature profile. An interpolating profile between the discrete and the continuum models is studied whereby $T_f$, given by the geometric mean temperature over $n$ elements, is shown to approach the identric mean of the lowest and the highest temperatures as $n$ becomes large. We also discuss the case of negative heat capacity in a two-body set up where isoenergetic thermalization may be forbidden by the Second law. However, the alternate scheme in which first work is performed reversibly on the system and then an equivalent amount of energy is extracted in the form of heat, brings the system to an energy-preserving common temperature.
description: 17 pages, 2 figures. New section on negative heat capacity added. Main framework remains same
Experience without Memory: Optogenetics, the Self, and the Ethics of Forgetting
Creators: name: Casey, David
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2020

description: The horizon of clinical memory modification, long the domain of science fiction, is rapidly approaching; it is therefore imperative that we understand the ethical implications of such neuromodificatory technologies. We might begin such inquiry with the public's worries about these technologies, namely that modifying memory will concomitantly modify the self. Yet, before discerning the reasonableness of this worry, we must understand the meaning of 'the self' in relation to memory. Distilling this conception of the self is the principal aim of this thesis. I argue that many popular self-conceptions cannot capture our worries about neuromodification. Hence, I distill a novel such conception, which I call the Proustian Self'marshaling, to that end, not only neuroscientific evidence and metaphysical arguments but also literary-phenomenological analysis. I ultimately argue that this conception should be the target of further neuroethical inquiry regarding the prospect memory modification and its effects on putative patients.
Gamow-Teller strength and lepton captures rates on 66-71Ni in stellar matter
Creators: name: Nabi, Jameel-Un
name: Majid, Muhammad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Charge-changing transitions play a significant role in stellar weak-decay processes. The fate of the massive stars is decided by these weak-decay rates including lepton (positron and electron) captures rates, which play a consequential role in the dynamics of core collapse. As per previous simulation results, weak interaction rates on nickel isotopes have significant influence on the stellar core vis-$\grave{a}$-vis controlling the lepton content of stellar matter throughout the silicon shell burning phases of high mass stars up to the presupernova stages. In this paper we perform a microscopic calculation of Gamow-Teller charge-changing transitions, in the $β$-decay and electron capture directions, for neutron-rich nickel isotopes ($^{66-71}$Ni). We further compute the associated weak-decay rates for these selected nickel isotopes in stellar environment. The computations are accomplished by employing the deformed proton-neutron quasiparticle random phase approximation (pn-QRPA) model. A recent study showed that the deformed pn-QRPA theory is well suited for the estimation of Gamow-Teller transitions. The astral weak-decay rates are determined over densities in the range of 10 -- 10$^{11}$g/cm$^{3}$ and temperatures in the range of 0.01$\times$10$^{9}$ -- 30$\times$10$^{9}$K. The calculated lepton capture rates are compared with the previous calculation of Pruet and Fuller. The overall comparison demonstrates that, at low stellar densities and high temperatures, our electron captures rates are bigger by as much as two orders of magnitude. Our results show that, at higher temperatures, the lepton capture rates are the dominant mode for the stellar weak rates and the corresponding lepton emission rates may be neglected.
description: 25 Page, 5 Tables, 8 Figures
Power Loss and Temperature Distribution in Coil of PFC Inductor with Air Gap for Multimode Operation
Creators: name: Kasikowski, Rafal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Power converters inherently display non-linear load characteristics, resulting in a high level of mains harmonics, and hence the necessity of implementing Power Factor Correction (PFC). Active PFC circuitry typically comprises an inductor and a power switch to control and alter the input current so that it matches, in shape and phase, the input voltage. This modelling of the waveforms can be performed by means of distinct conduction modes of the PFC inductor. The digital controller implemented in the constructed and investigated boost-type PFC converter can be programmed to operate in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM), continuous conduction mode (CCM), or a combination of the two. The individual modes of operation, via distinct PFC inductor current waveforms, impact the overall efficiency of power conversion and, by extension, temperature distribution in the magnetic component. This paper investigates how the examined conduction modes bear on distinct power-loss mechanisms present in the PFC inductor, including high-frequency eddy-current-generating phenomena, and the fringing effect in particular. As demonstrated herein, the DCM operation, for the set output power level, exhibits exacerbated power dissipation in the winding of the inductor due to the somewhat increased RSM value of the current and the intensified fringing magnetic flux at an air gap. The latter assertion will undergo further, more quantitatively focused research. Finally, the construction of the coil was optimised to reduce power loss by diminishing eddy-current mechanisms.
Empirical Information and Kant's Moral Laws
Creators: name: Payne, Joseph
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2020

description: Immanuel Kant claims that moral laws must hold for all rational beings universally and necessarily. In this thesis I first investigate Kant's arguments against moral systems that are based on empirical information which can be found throughout his moral corpus. Then, I show that in Kant's own moral system what moral laws there are is partially determined by empirical information and that this result presents a problem for the necessity and universality of morality. Further, I argue that contrary to what one might expect, Kant's criticisms of an empirical foundation for morality do not resolve this issue and that it is unclear how Kant would respond to my critique.
Estimation of motion blur kernel parameters using regression convolutional neural networks
Creators: name: Varela, Luis G.
name: Boucheron, Laura E.
name: Sandoval, Steven
name: Voelz, David
name: Siddik, Abu Bucker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Many deblurring and blur kernel estimation methods use a maximum a posteriori (MAP) approach or deep learning-based classification techniques to sharpen an image and/or predict the blur kernel. We propose a regression approach using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to predict parameters of linear motion blur kernels, the length and orientation of the blur. We analyze the relationship between length and angle of linear motion blur that can be represented as digital filter kernels. A large dataset of blurred images is generated using a suite of blur kernels and used to train a regression CNN for prediction of length and angle of the motion blur. The coefficients of determination for estimation of length and angle are found to be greater than or equal to 0.89, even under the presence of significant additive Gaussian noise, up to a variance of 10\% (SNR of 10 dB). Using our estimated kernel in a non-blind image deblurring method, the sum of squared differences error ratio demonstrates higher cumulative histogram values than comparison methods, with most test images yielding an error ratio of less than or equal to 1.25.
Politics and Products: An Arendtian Analysis of Modern Humans' Concern for Immortality
Creators: name: Footh, Gunnar
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2020

description: In her book The Human Condition, philosopher Hannah Arendt analyzes how political theory and activity in Western, industrialized societies have changed significantly since the time of the ancient Greeks and Romans. One interesting claim that Arendt makes is that humans in the modern age have lost an 'authentic concern for immortality.' The purpose of this essay is to articulate what an authentic, Arendtian concern for immortality is, and to defend her claim that humans in the modern age lack such a concern. By utilizing Jean Baudrillard's analysis of modern consumerism and social psychology, I defend Arendt's claim that modern humans do in fact lack such an authentic concern. Finally, I conclude the essay by responding to what I take to be three possible objections to my argument and show that they ultimately fail.
Gravitational waves of nonextremal Kerr black holes from conformal symmetry
Creators: name: Nian, Jun
name: Tian, Weijie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the low-energy limit, the near region of a generic Kerr black hole has been conjectured to be holographically dual to a two-dimensional conformal field theory. In this paper, we consider a test object orbiting in the near region of a nonextremal Kerr black hole. We first couple it to a massless scalar field. The resulting scalar radiation at the horizon is computed from the perspectives of gravity and dual conformal field theory. Considering the influence of nonzero temperature, the agreement of both computations is found. Then, we generalize the analysis to the gravitational radiation and find agreement again. The agreement supports the conjectured holography and provides a potential theoretical tool for gravitational wave computations.
description: 12 pages, no figures; V2: published version in PRD, more general cases considered, main results unchanged
Holding on to Heritage: Preserving Baltimore County's African American Cultural Heritage
Creators: name: Adams, Carolyn Greenfield
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: African American neighborhoods -- Conservation and restoration -- Maryland -- Baltimore
subject: Historic preservation -- Citizen participation
subject: Historic preservation -- Theses

description: Baltimore County’s forty historic African American communities came into existence based on Maryland’s history of coexisting slave and free black populations and the resulting legal and social segregation. In this environment, African Americans established communities. The existence of these communities and their structures preserves the heritage of the struggles and achievements of their residents. Development and societal changes are altering these historic settings. Many have already disappeared, leaving few traces of their existence. Those that remain are important for what they can teach us about this largely undocumented part of Maryland’s history. This thesis researched answers to how this cultural and physical heritage can be preserved. This thesis discovered that preservation efforts are most successful when a historic community structure is the focal point and that the segregation era schools have often fulfilled this function. It also showed that successful and adaptive use of these preserved structures involving the entire multicultural community is critical to continued viability. The thesis found there is a significant level of interest within the existing African American communities as well as governmental resources, historic designations, and tax incentives available to help preserve this cultural heritage. However, residents of the historically African American areas remain underserved and ineligible for many of the protections and benefits because of a lack of knowledge and leadership. Leadership and community involvement are needed to overcome this deficit. This research found that a network of residents and descendants of prior residents can be a particular strength from which to draw leadership; and that there are many methods to involve community including partnerships with local universities and museums, grant funded publications of oral histories, reunions, real estate networking, cultural tourism and festivals. Finally, developing methods and funding to assist African American community residents to implement these strategies is an important part of assuring the continuing preservation of Baltimore County’s African American cultural heritage.
Change as an Historic Feature in the Preservation of Places Related to Science and Technology
Creators: name: Braun, Julie
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Historic sites -- United States -- Evaluation
subject: Historic buildings -- United States -- Evaluation
subject: Science -- History
subject: Historic preservation -- Theses

description: The rapidly increasing social and technological change that hallmark the 20th and 21st centuries is reflected in building construction linked to those changes. This thesis examines change as inevitable and accelerating and as a historic feature that must be considered in preservation. Research compares commemoration of achievements with physical preservation of places and draws significant distinctions between the two. The research furthermore illustrates the limitations of the traditional approach of historic preservation thought and application. This research found that American society has grown more accepting and tolerant of diversity; however, there is not a corresponding diversity in the application of the National Register criteria and preservation of some historic places. In many cases National Register of Historic Places criteria are applied so narrowly that some property types lose protections afforded them as National Historic Landmarks because change was neither recognized nor valued as an important feature. In particular, these are historic places that are associated with broad patterns in our nation’s history that may be historically important but that must change to remain functional, and therefore, have been deemed unworthy of physical preservation. Research revealed two primary reasons why this attitude exists. First, some preservationists have a material bias associated with Western philosophy and their professional training in architectural history and archaeology. Second, research found that understanding of places of scientific and technical discovery is a semantic issue. The words preservation and commemoration have specific meanings to specific people and groups. These words, as defined, have caused misunderstandings among scientists and preservationists. The thesis is organized in five main chapters. Chapter I presents the philosophical framework and background information and Chapter II provides general information on commemoration and preservation. Chapter III discusses commemoration and preservation of places of scientific and atomic discovery, and Chapter IV presents specific examples of these places and changes made to them through time. Chapter V provides conclusions reached during the study, research findings, and recommendations for new guidelines and future research.
Generation of phonon quantum states and quantum correlations among single photon emitters in hexagonal boron nitride
Creators: name: Molinares, Hugo
name: Pinilla, Fernanda
name: Muñoz, Enrique
name: Muñoz, Francisco
name: Eremeev, Vitalie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hexagonal boron nitride exhibits two types of defects with great potential for quantum information technologies: single-photon emitters (SPEs) and one-dimensional grain boundaries hosting topologically-protected phonons, termed as {\it{topologically-protected phonon lines}} (TPL). Here, by means of a simple effective model and density functional theory calculations, we show that it is possible to use these phonons for the transmission of information. Particularly, a single SPE can be used to induce single-, two- and qubit-phonon states in the one dimensional channel, and \textit{(ii)} two distant SPEs can be coupled by the TPL that acts as a waveguide, thus exhibiting strong quantum correlations. We highlight the possibilities offered by this material-built-in nano-architecture as a phononic device for quantum information technologies.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures
Forgotten Outposts: World War II Japanese Military Structures and American Pacific Battlefields
Creators: name: Gaddis, David
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: World War, 1939-1945 -- Battlefields -- Pacific Area -- Preservation
subject: Philippine Sea, Battle of the, 1944 (June 19-21)
subject: Rota Island (Northern Mariana Islands) -- History
subject: Tinian (Northern Mariana Islands) -- History
subject: Micronesia -- History -- 20th century
subject: Micronesia -- History -- 19th century
subject: Historic preservation -- Theses

description: This thesis discovers factors considered in the preservation of modern battlefields as historic landscapes. In order to optimize efforts at interpretive preservation planning, is it possible to find that the battlefield has a "voice" to guide preservation efforts? The settings chosen as a test case for application of a thematic approach are a pair of World War II historic landscapes located in the Pacific, on the islands of Rota and Tinian. The locations were considered for evaluation because of their remote nature and the significant World War II resources on each island. The research shows that the characteristics that are associated with the commemorative or historic voice in a given landscape can help guide preservation professionals in assessing and determining preservation goals, i.e., which voice would be considered more appropriate as a guiding strategy for preservation activities. To provide context for the discussion of preservation options based on voice, the history of the islands in the region is summarized, from pre­ contact, and concluding with emphasis on the Japanese era. The thesis begins with an overview of the Pacific setting, then describes modern battlefield landscapes. This is followed by an examination of battlefields in the Pacific and a more detailed look at Rota and Tinian. World War II resources on each island are selected as test cases, and the results are examined. Potential strategies for interpretive preservation planning are discussed, and the two options presented for emphasis are the historical or the commemorative voice. Different characteristics of each voice in a battlefield landscape are also covered. Both voices can coexist in a given battlefield landscape, but the dominant one of the two can be instrumental in finding the most effective strategy for future interpretive preservation activities. Taking advantage of the existing voice that is dominant in a landscape can function as a tool to help preservation professionals make the better decision when it comes to options in preservation planning. The Union Civil War General Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain called battlefields "fields of mighty memory." Tapping that memory of the land, and allowing it to speak decisively through a distinctive voice enhances the experience of anyone who strolls across a historic landscape, and listens.
Defining the Social and Economic Benefits of Increased Accessibility for Historic Commerical Properties
Creators: name: Ellis, Beth A.
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Historic buildings -- Remodeling for other use
subject: Historic buildings -- Barrier-free design -- Economic aspects
subject: Historic buildings -- Barrier-free design -- Social aspects
subject: People with disabilities -- Legal status, laws, etc. -- United States
subject: Historic preservation -- Theses

description: The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 has had a significant effect on the build environment in the United States. Historic buildings and sites with commercial uses as defined in the law do not escape its far-reaching affect. The subject of increasing accessibility to historic buildings is often misunderstood due to confusion surrounding the law and the architectural challenges of increasing accessibility in an historic building. This lack of understanding results in a prevalence of social and economic myths surrounding the subject that deter property and business owners from improving the accessibility of their properties. This thesis examines the relationship between the ADA and historic commercial properties. It includes a discussion of the ADA itself and considers the architectural challenges associated with increasing accessibility in historic commercial properties. Methods and procedures used to develop the thesis included library research, Internet research of primary sources, and interviews with persons directly involved with the subject. An additional methodology for researching the economic benefits of increasing accessibility is included as Appendix II. Through this research and examination of social and economic myths, the thesis subsequently determines that compliance with the ADA through sensitive modification of historic commercial property yields many social and economic benefits. These benefits result from a clear understanding of facts surrounding the subject, rejection of myths, and creative collaborations among property owners, preservation professionals, architects, developers, and the disabled population. These positive outcomes also strengthen the historic preservation movement and the economic viability of historic commercial buildings as profitable business locations. This thesis reveals that historic preservation and the ADA can coexist. The result is substantial social and economic benefits for both.
Thinking Beyond Democracy for a Future Cosmopolitan Legal Order
Creators: name: Briggs, Thomas
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2020

description: Recent decades have seen sustained theoretical interest in how a cosmopolitan legal order could be created in a manner consistent with the liberal human rights ideals and democratic principles it is supposed to realize. I argue that this 'democratic cosmopolitan' account of the genesis of cosmopolitan law faces at least two dilemmas. Both concern the role that 'learning processes' play in its explanation of how a genuine cosmopolitan legal order can emerge from a global transformation in the meaning of sovereignty and citizenship. The first dilemma is the theory's reliance on underdeveloped sociological claims about the nature of democratic political processes, while the second concerns its one-sided analysis of how global trade and interdependence might produce a kind of 'cosmopolitan learning.' In light of these issues, I propose that cosmopolitan theorists think beyond democracy as an ideal that should strictly guide the creation of a cosmopolitan legal order.
Nuclear structure and weak rates of heavy waiting point nuclei under rp-process conditions
Creators: name: Nabi, Jameel-Un
name: Boyukata, Mahmut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structure and the weak interaction mediated rates of the heavy waiting point (WP) nuclei $^{80}$Zr, $^{84}$Mo, $^{88}$Ru, $^{92}$Pd and $^{96}$Cd along $N = Z$ line were studied within the interacting boson model-1 (\mbox{IBM-1}) and the proton-neutron quasi-particle random phase approximation (\mbox{pn-QRPA}). The energy levels of the $N$ = $Z$ WP nuclei were calculated by fitting the essential parameters of \mbox{IBM-1} Hamiltonian and their geometric shapes were predicted by plotting potential energy surfaces (PESs). Half-lives, continuum electron capture rates, positron decay rates, electron capture cross sections of WP nuclei, energy rates of $β$-delayed protons and their emission probabilities were later calculated using the \mbox{pn-QRPA}. The calculated Gamow-Teller strength distributions were compared with previous calculation. We present positron decay $\&$ continuum electron capture rates on these WP nuclei under $rp$-process conditions using the same model. For the $rp$-process conditions, the calculated total weak rates are twice the Skyrme HF+BCS+QRPA rates for $^{80}$Zr. For remaining nuclei the two calculations compare well. The electron capture rates are significant and compete well with the corresponding positron decay rates under $rp$-process conditions. The finding of the present study supports that electron capture rates form an integral part of the weak rates under $rp$-process conditions and has an important role for the nuclear model calculations.
description: 32 PAGE, 3 Tables, 19 Figures
Supplementary document for Broadband High-Efficiency Polarization-Encoded Meta-Holograms Based on 3-Bit Spin-Decoupled Reflective Meta-atoms - 5663076.pdf
Creators: name: Zhang, Qingyuan
name: Xie, Rensheng
name: Gu, Zhen
name: zhang, hualiang
name: Chen, Chang
name: Ding, Jun
name: Chen, Weidong
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The phase distributions and full-wave simulation results for different 342 code combinations for the orthogonal circular polarizations
DCO$^+$ and DCN 1-0 survey toward a sample of Planck cold clumps
Creators: name: Mo, Fu
name: Wang, Junzhi
name: Liu, Shu
name: Duan, Yan
name: Feng, Huanxue
name: Li, Yuqiang
name: Lu, Zhe
name: Luo, Rui
name: Ou, Chao
name: Xu, Yani
name: Yan, Zhuoying
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Deuterated molecules can be used to study the physical conditions and the astro-chemical evolution of molecular clouds. large-sample surveys for deuterated molecules are needed to understand the enhancement of deuterated molecules from diffuse molecular gas to cold cores. A single-pointing survey toward the 559 Planck cold clumps of the Early Cold Core Catalogue (ECC) has been conducted using the Arizona Radio Observatory 12-meter telescope, focusing on the $J$=1-0 transitions of DCO$^+$ and DCN. The survey included observations of 309 cores for DCO$^+$ and DCN 1-0 simultaneously, followed by 71 of these cores where DCO$^+$ 1-0 was detected for H$^{13}$CO$^+$ and H$^{13}$CN 1-0 simultaneously, aiming to determine the deuterated fraction ($D_{\rm frac}$). Additionally, 250 cores were observed for DCO$^+$, DCN, H$^{13}$CO$^+$ and H$^{13}$CN 1-0 simultaneously. Among the 309 sources, DCO$^+$ and DCN 1-0 were detected in 79 and 11 sources, with a detection rates of 25.6 % and 3.6 % respectively. In the 250 sources observed for all four species, DCO$^+$, DCN, H$^{13}$CO$^+$ and H$^{13}$CN 1-0 were detected in 58, 9, 57 and 13 sources, with a detection rate of 23.2 %, 3.6 %, 22.8 % and 5.2 % respectively. The $D_{\rm frac}$(HCO$^+$) values in 112 sources range from 0.89 % to 7.4 % with a median value of 3.1 %, while $D_{\rm frac}$(HCN) values in 11 sources range from 1.5 % to 5.5 % with a median value of 2.3 %. The line widths of DCO$^+$ and H$^{13}$CO$^+$ 1-0 detections are mostly within 1 km s$^{-1}$. The similarity in $D_{\rm frac}$ values between HCO$^+$ and HCN indicates that the higher detection rate of DCO$^+$ 1-0 compared with DCN 1-0 is due to the lower critical density of DCO$^+$ 1-0. We suggest that the enhancement of DCO$^+$ and DCN likely begins in the early diffuse stage of the molecular cloud, rather than during the cold core formation stage.
description: 37 pages, 12 figures, published in A&A
Restoration Reconsidered: Historical Accuracy of the Kitchen at Adena, a Federal Period House Museum
Creators: name: Smith, Fred Rhodes
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Interior architecture -- Ohio -- Conservation and restoration
subject: Historic buildings -- Ohio -- Conservation and restoration
subject: Kitchens -- Conservation and restoration
subject: Adena (Chillicothe, Ohio)
subject: Adena State Memorial (Ohio)
subject: Historic preservation -- Theses

description: This thesis examines the role of standards, decision processes, and professionalism in contemporary restoration practice as a preparatory step to reconsidering the kitchen at Adena, a Federal Period house museum. The thesis surveys recent historical research as it relates to the accuracy of previous restorations of kitchens from this period and evaluates the demands of modem interpretive themes for re-restoration. The thesis demonstrates the difficulty of making restoration decisions with scant physical evidence and offers a process for contemporary practice. The thesis includes seven chapters. Chapter II traces the origins of restoration philosophy and the evolution of contemporary restoration practice in the United States. Chapter III reviews the historical background and physical aspects of kitchens from the Federal Period and explains why early restorations lack historical accuracy. Using case studies, chapters IV and V analyze contemporary practice by comparing present-day re-restorations at the Octagon and Monticello with their previous campaigns. Chapter VI evaluates the historical accuracy of the 1953 restoration of the kitchen at Adena and offers three options for the treatment of the building fabric, dependent on further investigation. The findings support the suppositions that the requirements of interpretive programs initiate re-restoration campaigns and that restorers seek physical evidence to justify altering the building fabric in order to comply with contemporary standards. The central question of the thesis was how are restoration decisions made and what constitutes conclusive evidence under contemporary practice. The thesis determines that restoration decisions are based on informed probabilities or proven facts, depending on the reasoning process used to evaluate the evidence. Evidence is conclusive only when it is used to deduce a fact. The thesis concludes that the best contemporary practice requires careful record keeping, thoughtful use of all sources of evidence, and acknowledgment of the reasoning that leads to decisions.
Adam Smith and the Problem of Parochialism: Can the Impartial Spectator Engage in Social Critique?
Creators: name: Richardson, Aaron
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2021

description: In The Theory of Moral Sentiments (TMS), Adam Smith offers an account of moral judgment centered around impartial spectatorship and the human conscience. For Smith, it is our consciences (in the form of imaginary impartial spectators) that we turn to when making moral judgments. However, some philosophers argue that our consciences make for poor judges of morality. Our consciences are shaped by socialization, and insofar as we socialize with biased and prejudiced people, our consciences may be similarly biased and prejudiced. I will argue that Smith's account of the human conscience is not nearly as vulnerable to this problem as one might initially think. Because our consciences are influenced by socialization'including socialization with outsiders'we can revise our moral judgments in ways that allow us to overcome our parochial biases and prejudices.
What Is Wrong with Statistical Discrimination?
Creators: name: Sun, Ziyue
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2021

description: Statistical discrimination is a form of discrimination that uses statistical inferences about the groups to which individuals belong as grounds for treating them differently. It remains unclear what, if anything, makes statistical discrimination wrong. My thesis argues that statistical discrimination is wrong because, and insofar as, it contributes to existing social injustice. After an introduction to the issues in section 1, section 2 clarifies the concept of statistical discrimination and its differences with non-statistical discrimination. Section 3 discusses different accounts that seek to explain when and why statistical discrimination is wrong. I examine two approaches, one of which regards the wrong of statistical discrimination as part of discrimination in general, while the other conceives of the wrong as distinctive to statistical discrimination itself. I argue the former approach is better. Among different accounts within the approach, the context-based consequentialist account that explains the wrong in relation to existing social injustice is most promising. Section 4 uses racial profiling as an example to illustrate how the account can help explain this hard case of statistical discrimination, calling upon an argument developed by Benjamin Eidelson.
Tobacco Warehouse Culture in Lancaster City, PA: Interpreting Tobacco Heritage
Creators: name: Bennawit, John F.
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Historic warehouses -- Pennsylvania -- Lancaster
subject: Agriculture -- Pennsylvania -- Lancaster
subject: Tobacco industry -- Pennsylvania -- Lancaster
subject: Historic preservation -- Theses

description: Tobacco has influenced American culture since settlers first appeared upon this land in the early seventeenth century. Tobacco cultivation and its related industries have created traditions that have shaped the character of cities across the nation. This thesis examines this heritage and focuses upon the tobacco warehouses associated with this industry. Southern states of the nation have already established connections to tobacco heritage that are fully interpreted to residents and visitors. Lancaster County, Pennsylvania also developed its own equally dominant tobacco industry which progressed in the years following the Civil War. This research examines strategies to most effectively interpret the forgotten tobacco heritage in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, most visibly reflected in its surviving historic tobacco warehouses. The history of tobacco warehouses in Lancaster City described throughout this thesis was developed through primary sources such as historic atlases, deeds, census records, and city directories. Historic newspapers provided the most vivid record of tobacco warehouses in Lancaster City. Through this research, it was discovered that Lancaster's tobacco warehouses stimulated a culture that connected people such as entrepreneurs, warehouse workers, tobacco farmers, and city residents. Lancaster's 'tobacco warehouse culture' should be the focus for interpretive strategies to fully engage people in the stories of local tobacco heritage. •Several elements of successful interpretation were defined from case studies at tobacco museums and organizations in North Carolina. Case study evaluations proved that effective interpretive strategies for tobacco heritage can be implemented in Lancaster. This research shows that interpretation promotes appreciation of tobacco- related resources which is essential for their preservation. The interpretation of Lancaster's surviving tobacco warehouses must ultimately be built upon the creation of a tobacco heritage museum in the city.