cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Planetoceras transforme Korn & Miao & Bockwinkel 2022, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Korn, Dieter
name: Miao, Luyi
name: Bockwinkel, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Cephalopoda
Nautilida
Koninckioceratidae
Planetoceras
Planetoceras transforme

description: Planetoceras transforme sp. nov.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: CDD3B745-0819-4EA2-8728-D0CAB8CE609B
Fig. 14; Table 9
Diagnosis
Species of Planetoceras with moderately depressed, rounded-pentagonal whorl profile (ww/wh> 2.00), venter slightly flattened, ventrolateral shoulder broadly rounded. Umbilical margin changes
from subangular to rounded, umbilical wall steep, changing from flattened to rounded. Whorls slightly embracing.
Etymology
After the Latin ‘ transforme ’, meaning ‘changing’, because of the rapid early ontogenetic change in morphology.
Type material
Holotype ALGERIA • Gourara, Sebkha de Timimoun 14.5 km west-southwest of Timimoun; “Dalle à Merocanites ” (Tournaisian-Viséan boundary interval); illustrated in Fig. 14; MB.C.30386.
Description
Holotype MB.C.30386 consists of the first whorl with a diameter of about 28 mm (Fig. 14A) and a fragment of the second whorl making a total diameter of 44 mm (Fig. 14B). The conch is stout and has a subtrapezoidal whorl profile at 28 mm in diameter and an angular umbilical edge raised by a sharp keel. A vertical, flattened umbilical wall extends from here on one side and a converging flank on the other. At a short distance from the umbilical margin there is a pronounced but rounded ventrolateral shoulder. On the broad, slightly flattened venter there is a shallow longitudinal furrow next to the ventrolateral shoulder. Half a whorl before, at about 16 mm in diameter, the whorl profile is oval and depressed; at this diameter four longitudinal ridges are present. Of these, the innermost one becomes the ridge on the umbilical margin during the next half whorl, and the second one becomes the ridge at the inside of the ventrolateral shoulder. The third and fourth ridges become weaker and disappear on the next half whorl. The suture line extends almost straight across flanks and venter. The fragment of the larger whorl shows that the umbilical margin became rounded at 44 mm conch diameter (Fig. 14B).
Remarks
Planetoceras transforme sp. nov. differs from the other species of the genus in the very broad whorl profile (ww/wh> 2.00), which has a value of about 1.60 in other species such as P. destrictum sp. nov. and P. globatum (Histon 1999).
description: Published as part of Korn, Dieter, Miao, Luyi & Bockwinkel, Jürgen, 2022, The nautiloids from the Early Carboniferous Dalle à Merocanites of Timimoun, western Algeria, pp. 104-129 in European Journal of Taxonomy 789 on pages 125-127, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.789.1635, http://zenodo.org/record/5965355
Chesiadini Pierce 1914
Creators: name: Viidalepp, Jaan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Geometridae

description: Tribe Chesiadini Pierce, 1914
(Figs 31–37)
Pierce (1914), while discussing characters of five genera, found female genitalia of Carsia Hübner and Aplocera similar to each other and substantially deviating from those of other larentiines. Forbes (1948) treated Carsia among the tribe Lobophorini. The names Eucestiini Warren, 1894 and Chesiadini Stephens, 1850 refer to the same concept, but Eucestiini is based on a younger synonym (Chesias Treitschke, 1825 = Eucestis Hübner, [1825]). Chesiadini Stephens, 1850 was proposed when Chesias was synonymized in the text to its younger synonym, Eucestis Hübner and therefore is not valid. Pierce (1914 was the first to use Chesias and Chesiadinae validly.
Chesiadini has apomorphic characters summarized as follows: strongly bulbed fore femora; short, flat and strong foretibia ending in two distal teeth (valid for subtribe Chesiadina, see below); remnants of gnathos fused to the posterior margin of tegumen (separate in some aplocerine genera, Fig. 47); tergite A8 rough and heavily sclerotized at its posterior margin (Chesiadina, Figs 31–32); venation of hind wing sexually dimorphic as vein An2 is absent from male but present in female; the contact of Sc with anterior margin of discal cell also varies between species and sexes (Aplocerina, see below); fringe of wings long and relatively strong; (Cheriadina) costal basal corners prolonged and produced; valval ornamentation usually medial and costal in Chesiadina, while costal, saccular and medial in Aplocetrina; bursa copulatrix generally scobinate, signa simple or petaloid (Chesiadina).
Here it is obvious that the tribe is to be divided into two groups of taxa as subtribes Chesiadina and Aplocerina, subtribe nov. (Figs 38–45). The aplocerine genera Aplocera, and Carsia possess following apomorphic characters of its own: foretibia slender with a single, external-apical dentiform projection; male genital armature large (Figs 38, 39, 40, 43), or medium sized (Figs 41,42); valva with dorsal and saccular ornamentations present, often long (Figs 38–40); bursa copulatrix membranous, globular, without any signa (Fig. 45); ductus bursae heavily chitinized, tubular, ending in bursa in a pair of leaf-like appendages (Fig. 45); the last abdominal segment in female is completely fused into a cone (Fig. 45), while separated by thinner pleurites in Chesiadina.
Distribution of the Chesiadina: Old-Mediterranean. Afrotropical, (Neotropical, Nearctic). Distribution of the Aplocerina, subtribe nov. Palaearctic (penetrating as antropochorous in Australia and America).
description: Published as part of Viidalepp, Jaan, 2011, A morphological review of tribes in Larentiinae (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), pp. 1-44 in Zootaxa 3136 on pages 11-12, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279481
Eudulini Warren 1897
Creators: name: Viidalepp, Jaan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
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Animalia
Arthropoda
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Geometridae

description: Tribe Eudulini Warren, 1897
(Figs 46, 47)
The tribe was distinguished from Stamnodini, by a single large accessory cell in forewing. A typical Eudule Hübner has thin scaling, rounded forewing, small hind wing and the abdomen extending well beyond hind wings.
Forbes (1948) characterized the tribe by: chaetosemata as a wide raised band right across the back of the head; frons rounded out and roughly scaled; eyes small and sclerite of gena broad, scaled; wings bluntly rounded, very thinly covered with scales and hairs;
Other diagnostic characters include: male genitalia characterized by the modified, large fork- or T-shaped sternite A8 (Figs 46, 47); the absence of coremata. Forewing with one accessory cell, R1 and R2 arising stalked, R2 anastomosing with R3-R5. Valve costa with a long, jointed hook-like appendage.
Hind wing with discal vein DC straight, Rs and M1 stalked, The genus Eudulophasia Warren (Fig. 47) is similar to Eudule, differing in the costal part of the discal cell in hind wing markedly short.
Distribution: Neotropical, Nearctic.
description: Published as part of Viidalepp, Jaan, 2011, A morphological review of tribes in Larentiinae (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), pp. 1-44 in Zootaxa 3136 on pages 13-14, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279481
Eupitheciini Tutt 1896
Creators: name: Viidalepp, Jaan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Geometridae

description: Tribe Eupitheciini Tutt, 1896
(Figs 48–51)
Pierce (1914: 43), in his diagnosis stresses the build of labides as diagnostic for the group: ”The labides would probably form important organs for differentiation ... The papillae that occur on the feet at the labides afford to some extent a differential character in closely allied species... The juxta is a hard, rounded, chitinous plate, with two arms projecting from above”.
Holloway (1997) uses the long projections from the base of valve costa anterior to transtilla furcating dorsad as labides and ventrad towards the juxta and the juxta shape to define the tribe. He refers to possible homology of this structure in Perizomini and Operophterini. A pair of coremata are present between valvae and the eighth segment, arising from cup-shaped pockets, and the specific modification of the last sternite differentiating Eupitheciini from the Perizomini, Asthenini and Operophterini.
Mironov (2003) presents an overview of morphological characters of the group distributed over all faunal regions. Small size of moths, anthophagy of larvae, and venation (one or two accessory cells in forewing, straight DC in hind wing) are not outstanding. However, the following characters are diagnostic: hourglass shape of juxta (Figs 48, 49); species-specific modification of male sclerotized sternite A8 (Fig. 48); ”labides with bifurcate setaceous papillae on their posterior arms and usually with a pair of smaller membranous and setaceous papillae on apices of their anterior ends” (Mironov 2003: 57); members of the subtribe Chloroclystina Mironov have the forewing vein R1 shortly fused to Sc, an unique feature within larentiines.
Holarctic species of Eupitheciina most often have uncus apex bifid, with short sharp dorsal and flatly rounded ventral tip; quite often the cornuti on vesica are aggregated into dentate plates, at least in Eupithecia Curtis; operculum and ”Bolte’s pockets” present in female genitalia (Mikkola, 1993); bursa copulatrix is often generally scobinate with petaloid or sternate signa (Fig. 51); larvae anto- and carpophagous on trees and herbs.
Distribution of both subtribes of Eupitheciini: all regions.
description: Published as part of Viidalepp, Jaan, 2011, A morphological review of tribes in Larentiinae (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), pp. 1-44 in Zootaxa 3136 on pages 14-16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279481
Asthenini Warren 1893
Creators: name: Viidalepp, Jaan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Geometridae

description: Tribe Asthenini Warren, 1893
(Figs 53–57)
The tribe was established (as Astheninae) by Warren (1893), characterized according to genitalia by Pierce (1914) and recently revised by Xue and Scoble (2002). Pierce described its characters as follows: valva in male with sacculus projecting long; female bursa copulatrix with a long, evenly spined signum; uncus weak and attached to dorsal side of anus tube, whereas ventral side of the tube bears a sclerotized subscaphium.
Holloway (1997: 121), discussing the relations between Eupitheciini and Asthenini, noted that labides are not entirely similar in these tribes by the absence in asthenines of the branch from basal costal projection of valva towards juxta. The absence of saccular projection of valva is stressed by Pierce as another characteristic of Eupitheciini but not in Asthenini. However, Holloway grouped the relevant Indo-Australian asthenine genera to Eupitheciini according to: the presence of labides, “Springing from the points of union of the transtilla with the costa, there may arise two long arms, each bearing a soft hairy pad, and united together by a thin membrane”. Forbes (1948) found the chaetosemata of Asthenini united by a continuous row of setae in a deep groove between scales of vertex (Figs 5, 7).
McGuffin (1958) distinguished the larvae of Asthenini as follows: the spinneret is much longer than the labial palpi; the thoracic claws are almost straight, and the angle of the notch acute.
Xue and Scoble (2002) diagnosed the asthenine as follows: uncus distal projection either absent or vestigial; uncus fused to the anal tube; the authors reject the idea of homology of asthenine and eupitheciine labides, and suppose that the build of signum in female (consisting of thin spines radiating from the central area) is the best characteristic for the tribe.
Large coremata loosely attached to the base of valva in Australian Poecilasthena Warren (Fig. 54) may be homologous, or not to those in Eupitheciini which are more tightly fused to valva base (Fig. 48). There are some synapomorphies restricted to the subclades of Asthenini: frons high and broad, cylindrical, projecting; palpi short and weak (longer in Eois Hübner); colliculum flattened and re-folded in female at least in boreal genera; bursa copulatrix finely spiculose.
Asthenini and Chesiadini share the presence of long projections from the base of costa, which are not not connected to the juxta (Fig. 56). These bear setose heads in Asthenini, but not in Chesiadini.
Distribution: Indo-Australian, Holarctic, (Afrotropical, Neotropical).
description: Published as part of Viidalepp, Jaan, 2011, A morphological review of tribes in Larentiinae (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), pp. 1-44 in Zootaxa 3136 on pages 16-17, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279481
Melanthiini Duponchel 1845, comb. n.
Creators: name: Viidalepp, Jaan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Geometridae

description: Tribe Melanthiini Duponchel, 1845
(Figs 58–61)
To delimit the genera (as Melanthiinae), Pierce (1914) used characters as follows: valva well developed, complex (i.e. with projections from costal and saccular regions, rich vestiture) (Fig. 58); labides present; uncus weak, not produced; genitalia of robust form; the presence of coremata on the ninth abdominal segment; labides similar to those in Eupitheciini; large, bulbed and sclerotized ductus bursae and spined bursa (Fig. 60).
Some other apomorphic modifications of male genitalia include: juxta in male large and broad, even tending bipartite, much less chitinized than in Eupitheciini; labides arise laterally from juxta and lean against the base of costa; valva with costa concave and setose comb-like; aedeagus flattened dorsoventrally, sometimes coecum bilobed;
complex ornamentation to the tip of sacculus (probably homologous with that in Rheumapterini), sometimes asymmetrical.
In summary, the Melanthiini differ from Eupitheciini in build of male and female genitalia, in rich ornamentation of valva, large saw-shaped dentate structures in ductus bursae, food plant association with Ranunculaceae as far as is known. Melanthia mandshuricata (Bremer), comb. n. is here trasfered from Mesoleuca Hübner (Larentiini) according to its genitalia characters (Fig. 59). Holloway (1997) grouped Collix Guenée and Pseudocollix Warren with Eupitheciini (like Forbes 1948 and Ferguson 1983), arguing over the presence of long coremata between segments A6 and A7 and shorter ones between A7 and A8, associated with membranization of corresponding sternites and tergites. The described apodeme on sternite A6, the facies of the striated or pleated valva with costal ornamentation and long vestiture are somewhat curious in the context of Eupitheciini (e.g., Eccymatoge morphna, Fig. 61), and fit better with the Melanthiini. The shapes of signum and saw-toothed sclerite in bursa in Oriental Collix species fit better those in the Melanthiini.
The two African specimens studied ought to be determined as Collix according to the raised black scale pattern at forewing discal spot and the shape of signum in Collix foraminata Guenée (Fig. 60), while the male genital capsule of Collix muscosata Fletcher is similar to that of Palaearctic Horisme species up to slight asymmetry of saccular ornamentation of their valves. Pierce included Melanthia Duphonchel, Horisme Hübner and Coenocalpe Hübner (also Euphyia, probably merely due to the shape of uncus) in his Melanthinae.
Distribution: Holarctic, that of Collix and allied forms (e.g. Eccymatoge Prout) Afrotropical and Indo-Australian region.
description: Published as part of Viidalepp, Jaan, 2011, A morphological review of tribes in Larentiinae (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), pp. 1-44 in Zootaxa 3136 on pages 17-18, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279481
Perizomini Herbulot 1961
Creators: name: Viidalepp, Jaan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Geometridae

description: Tribe Perizomini Herbulot, 1961
(Fig. 50)
Herbulot (1961) separated the tribe without a diagnosis. Mironov (2000, 2003) lists the characters of the tribe as follows: venation of wings characteristic in fusion of veins R1 and R2 after leaving one small accessory cell in forewing, or anastomosing also with R3+R4 (single or double accessory cell); male genitalia with labides, ”posterior arms of labides with united or bifurcate, setose papilla, anterior arms of labides sometimes with minute papillae on their apices, connected with juxta by a membrane”; uncus reduced or membranized; anterior apophyses in female usually with spurs connected with each other by a narrow, heavily sclerotized band which encircles the antrum; larvae often anto- and carpophagous.
The labides derived from, or substantially depending on the costobasal projection of valva, characterize Perizomini, Asthenini, Phileremini, Rheumapterini, Melanthiini and Eupitheciini. Two tribes, Perizomini and Eupitheciini, share a complex character of a long, setose subscaphium in anal region of male genitalia, and a doubled connection between bases of valves (transtilla and ventral projections of labides plus juxta). Labides are stemmate in both tribes, their stems being flat stripe-shaped in Perizomini and stick-shaped in Eupitheciini. The predominating anto- or carpophagy of larvae additionally supports the sistership of Perizomini and Eupitheciini.
Forbes (1948) associated a Neotropical genus Psaliodes Guenée with Perizoma Hübner. However, some putative Psaliodes studied from Ecuador and Bolivia lack the distinguishing characters of Perizomini.
Distribution: Neotropical, Afrotropical, Holarctic.
description: Published as part of Viidalepp, Jaan, 2011, A morphological review of tribes in Larentiinae (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), pp. 1-44 in Zootaxa 3136 on page 19, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279481
Rheumapterini Herbulot 1961
Creators: name: Viidalepp, Jaan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
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Animalia
Arthropoda
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Lepidoptera
Geometridae

description: Tribe Rheumapterini Herbulot, 1961
(Figs 62–63, 65–71)
Herbulot (1961) separated the tribe without a diagnosis. Large dark-coloured moths with distally dentate-edged hind wings have always been kept together in check-lists. However, there are three distinct groups of genera: the Rheumaptera informal group of related genera, the large-sized troglophilous species of Triphosini, both are treated below as tribes Rheumapterini and Triphosini, respectively. The third, Phileremini consists of a few Palaearctic species with several specific traitsas listed below.
The tribe Rheumapterini shows a long list of apomorphic characters: juxta dorsal part rooted in the basal part of it (Figs 62–65); a slender sclerite present between juxta, saccus and bases of sacculi (Fig. 62). It is not clear whether this sclerite is analogous to that in Cataclysmini; The rheumapterine genera are characterized here by: wide posterior sclerotisation of female genitalia (possibly shared with Melanthiini?) (Figs 66–68); uncus heavily sclerotized, broad, flat, triangular, trapezoidal or cupola- shaped (skinny soft and hairy in Melanthiini); both costal and saccular ornamentations of valva present (like also in Melanthiini); labides arise from the base of costa, are connected by a membrane, supported by a median sclerite, long, headed, reaching uncus (Figs 62–65); dorsal parts of vinculum flattened and invaginated into bases of valvae; presence of coremata associated with membranization of the eighth abdominal segment in male and large masses of deciduous hair-scales (Fig. 71).
Some apomorphic characters of subclades occur within the tribe, such as: shortening of spurs on male hind tibia; rich vestiture of male hind tibia associated with shortened and thickened tibia, and the basal tarsomere (Figs 69, 70); the presence of blotches of specialized scales in wings of male; posterior sclerotization of female genitalia; fusion of cornuti in male aedeagus and signa in female bursa copulatrix into conglomerates.
Distribution: Neotropical, Holarctic.
description: Published as part of Viidalepp, Jaan, 2011, A morphological review of tribes in Larentiinae (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), pp. 1-44 in Zootaxa 3136 on page 19, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279481
Operophterini Packard 1896
Creators: name: Viidalepp, Jaan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
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description: Tribe Operophterini Packard, 1896
(Figs 75–77)
Forbes (1948) described the tribe as follows: a pair of small sclerites lateral to clypeus present and naked gena as autapomorphies of the tribe; long accessory cell in forewing and peculiarities of venation and phenology; micropterism of females, associated with high fecundity. Some East Palaearctic species of Operophtera Hübner and related genera with fully winged females share the above characters with Epirrita Hübner.
The group of “winter moths” has been discussed from the aspects of its extreme traits of bioecology and female micropterism. Yamamoto and Sota (2007) and Snäll et al. (2007) have also tried to elucidate the position of Operophterini within the subfamily and the timing of its speciation. Snäll et al. (2007) found sister-group relationships between Perizomini and Operophterini; from the aspect of comparative morphology, both share long labides which fuse together at the apex. Operophterin has a stout uncus and Epirrita - specifically modified male sternite A8 (Figs 75, 76)
The following traits characterize the tribe supplementally: ecological trait: polyphagous on trees and shrubs; male antenna ciliated long (shared with Alsophilinae and some ennomine winter moths); labides arise from juxta, while the connection to costa base is membranous (shared with Melanthiini); labides tips united roof-like upon the juxta.
The tribe is restricted to the Holarctic region, being most speciose in East Asia.
description: Published as part of Viidalepp, Jaan, 2011, A morphological review of tribes in Larentiinae (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), pp. 1-44 in Zootaxa 3136 on page 22, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279481
Stamnodini Forbes 1948
Creators: name: Viidalepp, Jaan
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Year: 2011
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description: Tribe Stamnodini Forbes, 1948
(Figs 5, 6, 89–93)
Forbes (1948) characterized the genera Stamnodes and Heterusia by: veliform resting position (wings folded butterfly-like on back, resulting in plain pattern above and contrasting markings in wings´underneath). Moths are active in the sun and dusk (Mikkola et al. 1987).
These characters are to be complemented as follows: juxta is shield-shaped with specific ornamentation; sclerotized connections from juxta to short hemitranstillae present; subscaphium arising bifurcate from tegumen (a putative homology with Euphyiini) and distally anchor-shaped or consistent with Neotropical Stamnodes and Callipia; valva with a strong costal hair lock; valva rounded with costa and sacculus wholly fused to.
Ferguson (1983) grouped Heterusia with Stamnodes as suggested by Forbes (1917). Both have thick tufts of clavate hairscales to valval costa, the shape of scaphium, position of the juxta within the genital capsule and its sclerotized connections to hemitranstillae are common, according to scarce material studied. Hausmann (2007) lists Heterusiini as a tribe.
Distribution: Neotropical, Nearctic, (Palaearctic).
description: Published as part of Viidalepp, Jaan, 2011, A morphological review of tribes in Larentiinae (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), pp. 1-44 in Zootaxa 3136 on pages 26-27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279481
Solitaneini Leraut 1980
Creators: name: Viidalepp, Jaan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
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description: Tribe Solitaneini Leraut, 1980
(Fig. 81)
Leraut (1980) separated the tribe without giving a diagnosis. The genus Solitsnea Djakonov has some unusual for larentiines features: female bursa copulatrix with a ring of flat spines across the equatorial part: tegumen with a pair of tapering projections with unknown function; valva with all its parts well fused and chitinized, flat, without ornamentation.
It is noteworthy that flat signa occur in female bursa of the Erateinini too, but arranged into a longitudinal band. Sihvonen et al. (2011) included the Solitaneini in their tree but used Baptria Hübner as an example species; however, Baptria is just an as solitary genus in Larentiinae as Solitanea is.
Distribution: Palaearctic.
description: Published as part of Viidalepp, Jaan, 2011, A morphological review of tribes in Larentiinae (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), pp. 1-44 in Zootaxa 3136 on page 27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279481
Hydriomenini Meyrick 1872
Creators: name: Viidalepp, Jaan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
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description: Tribe Hydriomenini Meyrick, 1872
(Figs 95–97)
The tribe is discussed here as delimited by Herbulot (1962). The tribe is composite in the treatment by Forbes (1948), and Ferguson (1983) when characterized as: front sloped and tufted or thickly scaled below; metathorax strongly tufted; the upper discocellular bent in hind wing and M2 closer to M3 than M1.
Herbulot (1961-1963) moved Mesoleuca Hübner and Entephria Stephens from Hydriomenini s. l. to Larentiini, other genera to Cidariini, Perizomini and Rheumapterini and restricted Hydriomenini for the nominate genus. McDunnough (1954), dealing with Nearctic species of the genus Hydriomena Hübner listed its characters as follows: specific shape of uncus, flat, bifurcate or dilated apically; modifications on costal region of valva (tubercles, bearing single stiff, curved seta („ribbon”) and locks of specialized hairscales); large, sparsely setose plate of juxta with dorsoapical papillae in male; membranous bursa copulatrix almost without signa but with heavily sclerotized ductus bursae, and semiglobular chitinous digitabulum attached to the latter in female; hemitranstillae connections to juxta membranous; manica rugose, not spiny.
The presence of a long costal or subcostal hair lock is shared, although less complicated, by Larentiini, Stamnodini and some Neotropical genera not assigned to tribes. The digitabulum to the female bursa seems to be characteristic to the species from the northern hemispheric (Figs in McDunnough 1954).
Distribution: Neotropical, Nearctic, (Palaearctic).
description: Published as part of Viidalepp, Jaan, 2011, A morphological review of tribes in Larentiinae (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), pp. 1-44 in Zootaxa 3136 on pages 27-28, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279481
Larentiini Duponchel 1845
Creators: name: Viidalepp, Jaan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
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description: Tribe Larentiini Duponchel, 1845
(Figs 98–107) (Mesoleucini McGuffin, 1958)
Pierce (1914) described his group “Entephriinae” as follows: valva rounded (i.e. sacculus region wholly fused to), costa thickened, plate-like; manica thickly and minutely spined; anellus dorsal lobes or calcar [present]. (Pierce grouped some Colostygia Hübner (Fig. 83) species with Entephria, therefore anellus lobes mentioned); calcar produced to a long arm is mentioned in texts for Entephria Stephens species; medially dilated valve costa reminds that in Thera Stephens and allied cidariine genera but differs in pollex -like outstanding apical process.
Following characters enable us to delimit the tribe: male genital armature with dorsal arms of vinculum dilated triangular, tegumen much slender; a thick hair lock arising from base of valve costa; female apophyses short (shared with Xanthorhoini); vinculum projecting flap-like between the bases of sacculi.
McGuffin (1958) separated a tribe Mesoleucini from Hydriomenini s. l. according to morphological characters of larvae; Herbulot recombined these genera into Larentiini. Krüger (2005) has described some species of Entephria with Piercia -like ornamentation to juxta. Distribution: (Neotropical, Afrotropical), Palaearctic.
description: Published as part of Viidalepp, Jaan, 2011, A morphological review of tribes in Larentiinae (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), pp. 1-44 in Zootaxa 3136 on pages 28-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279481
Trypetimorpha occidentalis Huang & Bourgoin 1993
Creators: name: Chitadze, Beka
name: Bulbulashvili, Natalia
name: Japaridze, Lasha-Giorgi
name: Drogvalenko, Alexander
name: Moulet, Pierre
name: Seropian, Armen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
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Hemiptera
Tropiduchidae
Trypetimorpha
Trypetimorpha occidentalis

description: Trypetimorpha occidentalis Huang & Bourgoin, 1993
For the image, see Suppl. material 1
Material examined.
GEORGIA • 3 specimens; Dighomi park (Tbilisi); 41.7695, 44.7737; 426 m a. s. l.; 31 Jul. 2021; leg. A. Seropian; in vegetation near the ground; CaBOL-IDs 1011721, 1011733, 1011745.
Barcoding.
Three barcodes were obtained from the specimens with CaBOL-IDs 1011721, 1011733, and 1011745 (BOLD: ACP 5742, maximum p - distance 0.15 %), with the nearest neighbor in BOLD Systems being T. occidentalis from Kazakhstan (BOLD: ACP 5742) (mean p - distance 0.61 %).
Remarks.
From the neighboring countries, T. occidentalis was previously reported from Turkey, Armenia, and Russia (Rostov Area) (Tishechkin 2003; Karavin et al. 2021). The species is broadly distributed in the Palaearctic biogeographic realm (Huang and Bourgoin 1993; Bourgoin 2019).
description: Published as part of Chitadze, Beka, Bulbulashvili, Natalia, Japaridze, Lasha-Giorgi, Drogvalenko, Alexander, Moulet, Pierre & Seropian, Armen, 2024, First record of 15 species of Hemiptera (Hexapoda, Insecta) in Georgia, pp. 127-143 in Caucasiana 3 on pages 127-143, DOI: 10.3897/caucasiana.3.e124994
Dimorphopterus blissoides
Creators: name: Chitadze, Beka
name: Bulbulashvili, Natalia
name: Japaridze, Lasha-Giorgi
name: Drogvalenko, Alexander
name: Moulet, Pierre
name: Seropian, Armen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Blissidae
Dimorphopterus
Dimorphopterus blissoides

description: Dimorphopterus blissoides (Baerensprung, 1859)
Fig. 1
Material examined.
GEORGIA • 4 specimens; Dighomi park (Tbilisi); 41.7686, 44.7740; 428 m a. s. l.; 3. October 2021; leg. A. Seropian; on Phragmites sp.; CaBOL-IDs 1010339, 1010342, 1010399, 1010425.
Barcoding.
A single barcode was obtained from the specimen with CaBOL-ID 1010399 (BOLD: AFZ 7676), with the nearest neighbor in BOLD Systems being Dimorphopterus spinolae (Signoret, 1857) from Austria with a private status (p - distance 3.21 %). There are no barcodes of D. blissoides available in BOLD Systems as we submitted the first one.
Remarks.
From the neighboring countries, D. blissoides has been previously reported from Armenia, Azerbaijan, Turkey, and the Russian Federation (Neimarovets 2010; Grebennikov and Anikin 2020; Kment et al. 2023). The distribution of the species covers the Ponto-Mediterranean region (Linnavuori 1995; Kment et al. 2023). It is associated with common reeds (Phragmites australis) in the sheaths of dry leaves and in the cavities of broken stems, where adults and larvae of older stages hibernate. In the spring, the bugs move to the growing young shoots, gathering 2-6 or more in the sheaths of the leaves of the preapical node or among the semi-opened leaves at the top of the shoots, where they remain until the end of their lives (Putshkov 1969; Kment et al. 2023).
description: Published as part of Chitadze, Beka, Bulbulashvili, Natalia, Japaridze, Lasha-Giorgi, Drogvalenko, Alexander, Moulet, Pierre & Seropian, Armen, 2024, First record of 15 species of Hemiptera (Hexapoda, Insecta) in Georgia, pp. 127-143 in Caucasiana 3 on pages 127-143, DOI: 10.3897/caucasiana.3.e124994
Europiella decolor
Creators: name: Chitadze, Beka
name: Bulbulashvili, Natalia
name: Japaridze, Lasha-Giorgi
name: Drogvalenko, Alexander
name: Moulet, Pierre
name: Seropian, Armen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Blissidae
Europiella
Europiella decolor

description: Europiella decolor (Uhler, 1893)
For the image, see Suppl. material 1
Material examined.
GEORGIA • 1 specimen; Tbilisi; 41.7709, 44.7668; 449 m a. s. l.; 05. December 2021; leg. A. Seropian; on Artemisia sp., steppe; CaBOL-ID 1020718. • 2 specimens; Tbilisi; 41.7707, 44.7671; 449 m a. s. l.; 22. May 2022; leg. N. Bulbulashvili; on Artemisia sp. in steppe; CaBOL-IDs 1025480, 1025481.
Barcoding.
Two identical barcodes were obtained from the specimens with CaBOL-IDs 1020718 and 1025481 (BOLD: ACY 0805), identical to E. decolor from the Netherlands with a private status in BOLD Systems.
Remarks.
From the neighboring countries, E. decolor has been previously reported from Iran (Linnavuori and Modarres 1999; Linnavuori 2007). Its range extends from Western Europe (including Great Britain, France, and Spain) to Western Asia (including Iran), and its distribution is considered to be Holarctic in general (Kerzhner and Josifov 1999; Aukema et al. 2013). The species is found on Artemisia, commonly referred to as a host plant (Linnavuori 2007; Protić 2020).
description: Published as part of Chitadze, Beka, Bulbulashvili, Natalia, Japaridze, Lasha-Giorgi, Drogvalenko, Alexander, Moulet, Pierre & Seropian, Armen, 2024, First record of 15 species of Hemiptera (Hexapoda, Insecta) in Georgia, pp. 127-143 in Caucasiana 3 on pages 127-143, DOI: 10.3897/caucasiana.3.e124994
Tuponia mixticolor
Creators: name: Chitadze, Beka
name: Bulbulashvili, Natalia
name: Japaridze, Lasha-Giorgi
name: Drogvalenko, Alexander
name: Moulet, Pierre
name: Seropian, Armen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Miridae
Tuponia
Tuponia mixticolor

description: Tuponia mixticolor (A. Costa, 1862)
For the image, see Suppl. material 1
Material examined.
GEORGIA • 3 specimens; Kumisi lake vicinity; 41.6027, 44.8163; 494 m a. s. l.; 24. September 2021; leg. A. Seropian; on Tamarix sp.; CaBOL-IDs 1016838, 1016839, 1016840.
Barcoding.
Three barcodes were obtained from the specimens with CaBOL-IDs 1016838, 1016839, and 1016840 (BOLD: AFX 3631; maximum within-barcode p - distance 0.15 %), with the nearest neighbor in BOLD Systems being Campylomma sp. from Austria with a private status (mean p - distance 5.96 %). There are no barcodes of T. mixticolor in BOLD systems as we submit the first ones.
Remarks.
From the neighboring countries, T. mixticolor has been previously reported from Iran and Russia (Astrakhan) (Drapolyuk 1980; Linnavuori 2007, 2010). The species is distributed in Western Palaearctic and tropical Africa (Cabo Verde, Sudan) (Aukema and Rieger 1999). T. mixticolor is found on the Tamarix species (Gravestein 1978; Aukema et al. 2019).
description: Published as part of Chitadze, Beka, Bulbulashvili, Natalia, Japaridze, Lasha-Giorgi, Drogvalenko, Alexander, Moulet, Pierre & Seropian, Armen, 2024, First record of 15 species of Hemiptera (Hexapoda, Insecta) in Georgia, pp. 127-143 in Caucasiana 3 on pages 127-143, DOI: 10.3897/caucasiana.3.e124994
Deraeocoris ventralis subsp. ventralis Reuter 1904
Creators: name: Chitadze, Beka
name: Bulbulashvili, Natalia
name: Japaridze, Lasha-Giorgi
name: Drogvalenko, Alexander
name: Moulet, Pierre
name: Seropian, Armen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Blissidae
Deraeocoris
Deraeocoris ventralis
Deraeocoris ventralis ventralis reuter, 1904

description: Deraeocoris ventralis ventralis Reuter, 1904
For the image, see Suppl. material 1
Material examined.
GEORGIA • 3 specimens; Tbilisi; 41.7707, 44.7671; 449 m a. s. l.; 22. May 2022; leg. N. Bulbulashvili; on Artemisia sp.; CaBOL-IDs 1025469, 1025470, 1025471.
Barcoding.
Three identical barcodes were obtained from the specimens with CaBOL-IDs 1025469, 1025470, and 1025471 (BOLD: AFB 2062), with the nearest neighbor in BOLD Systems being D. ventralis from Austria with a private status (mean p - distance 0.92 %).
Remarks.
From the neighboring countries, D. ventralis has been previously reported from Turkey, Russia (Central European Territory, East Siberia, South European Territory, West Siberia), Armenia, and Azerbaijan (Aukema and Rieger 1999; Yazici et al. 2019; Vinokurov and Rudoi 2020). The species is considered to be Euro-Siberian (Vinokurov and Rudoi 2020).
description: Published as part of Chitadze, Beka, Bulbulashvili, Natalia, Japaridze, Lasha-Giorgi, Drogvalenko, Alexander, Moulet, Pierre & Seropian, Armen, 2024, First record of 15 species of Hemiptera (Hexapoda, Insecta) in Georgia, pp. 127-143 in Caucasiana 3 on pages 127-143, DOI: 10.3897/caucasiana.3.e124994
Orthocephalus brevis
Creators: name: Chitadze, Beka
name: Bulbulashvili, Natalia
name: Japaridze, Lasha-Giorgi
name: Drogvalenko, Alexander
name: Moulet, Pierre
name: Seropian, Armen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Blissidae
Orthocephalus
Orthocephalus brevis

description: Orthocephalus brevis (Panzer, 1798)
For the image, see Suppl. material 1
Material examined.
GEORGIA • 2 specimens; Telovani (12 km E of Tbilisi); 41.8023, 44.6768; 923 m a. s. l.; 27. May 2023; leg. N. Bulbulashvili; in vegetation, meadow; CaBOL-IDs 1035525, 1035526.
Remarks.
From the neighboring countries, O. brevis has been previously reported from Russia (Central European Territory, East Siberia, South European Territory, West Siberia, North European Territory), Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Turkey (Hoberlandt 1955; Aukema and Rieger 1999; Namyatova and Konstantinov 2009). This species has a European-Caucasian-Siberian range.
description: Published as part of Chitadze, Beka, Bulbulashvili, Natalia, Japaridze, Lasha-Giorgi, Drogvalenko, Alexander, Moulet, Pierre & Seropian, Armen, 2024, First record of 15 species of Hemiptera (Hexapoda, Insecta) in Georgia, pp. 127-143 in Caucasiana 3 on pages 127-143, DOI: 10.3897/caucasiana.3.e124994
Alloeorhynchus flavipes
Creators: name: Chitadze, Beka
name: Bulbulashvili, Natalia
name: Japaridze, Lasha-Giorgi
name: Drogvalenko, Alexander
name: Moulet, Pierre
name: Seropian, Armen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Nabidae
Alloeorhynchus
Alloeorhynchus flavipes

description: Alloeorhynchus flavipes (Fieber, 1836)
For the image, see Suppl. material 1
Material examined.
GEORGIA • 1 specimen; Gori; 41.9848, 44.1389; 696 m a. s. l.; 24. October 2021; leg. N. Bulbulashvili; under rocks in heathland; CaBOL-ID 1018766. • 1 specimen; Telovani; 41.8112, 44.6911; 995 m a. s. l.; 15. August 2021; leg. A. Seropian; under a rock at the edge of the forest, deciduous forest; CaBOL-ID 1012590. • 1 specimen; Gori; 41.9701, 44.0921; 803 m a. s. l.; 18. September 2021; leg. A. Seropian; under rocks in steppe; CaBOL-ID 1016910.
Barcoding.
Two barcodes were obtained from the specimens with CaBOL-IDs 1012590 and 1016910 (BOLD: AGA 5866: maximum within-barcode p-distance 0.17 %), with the nearest neighbor in BOLD Systems being A. flavipes from Austria with a private status (mean p - distance 7.03 %). Such large differences between sequences may be due to misidentification of the Austrian specimen or the species identification via COI subunit is not possible.
Remarks.
From the neighboring countries, A. flavipes has been previously reported from Turkey, Azerbaijan, and Russia (South European Territory) (Hoberlandt 1955; Fent and Aktaç 2007; Ghahari et al. 2010; Dursun and Fent 2015). The species’ general distribution is in Europe, the eastern Mediterranean, and Iran (Kerzhner 1996).
description: Published as part of Chitadze, Beka, Bulbulashvili, Natalia, Japaridze, Lasha-Giorgi, Drogvalenko, Alexander, Moulet, Pierre & Seropian, Armen, 2024, First record of 15 species of Hemiptera (Hexapoda, Insecta) in Georgia, pp. 127-143 in Caucasiana 3 on pages 127-143, DOI: 10.3897/caucasiana.3.e124994
Holcogaster fibulata
Creators: name: Chitadze, Beka
name: Bulbulashvili, Natalia
name: Japaridze, Lasha-Giorgi
name: Drogvalenko, Alexander
name: Moulet, Pierre
name: Seropian, Armen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Pentatomidae
Holcogaster
Holcogaster fibulata

description: Holcogaster fibulata (Germar, 1831)
Fig. 2
Material examined.
GEORGIA • 1 specimen; Tbilisi; 41.7671, 44.7708; 432 m a. s. l.; 21. August 2021; leg. A. Seropian and N. Bulbulashvili; on a tree trunk in the deciduous forest; CaBOL-ID 1012528. • 1 specimen; Tbilisi; E 41.7063, 44.7508; 739 m a. s. l.; 08. May 2021; leg. A. Seropian and N. Bulbulashvili; on Pinus sp. CaBOL-ID 1011717 and 1012528.
Barcoding.
Two identical barcodes were obtained from the specimens with CaBOL-IDs 1012528 and 1011717 (BOLD: ACS 3305), with the nearest neighbor in BOLD Systems being H. fibulata from France (BOLD: ACS 3305, p - distance 0.31 %).
Remarks.
From the neighboring countries, H. fibulata has been previously reported in Turkey, and Iraq (Ribes and Gapon 2006; Matocq et al. 2014; Çerçi and Özgen 2021; Fent and Dursun 2022). The species is originally Holomediterranean, currently spreading, e. g., in central Europe (Ribes and Pagola-Carte 2013).
description: Published as part of Chitadze, Beka, Bulbulashvili, Natalia, Japaridze, Lasha-Giorgi, Drogvalenko, Alexander, Moulet, Pierre & Seropian, Armen, 2024, First record of 15 species of Hemiptera (Hexapoda, Insecta) in Georgia, pp. 127-143 in Caucasiana 3 on pages 127-143, DOI: 10.3897/caucasiana.3.e124994
Holotrichius bergrothi Reuter 1891
Creators: name: Chitadze, Beka
name: Bulbulashvili, Natalia
name: Japaridze, Lasha-Giorgi
name: Drogvalenko, Alexander
name: Moulet, Pierre
name: Seropian, Armen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Reduviidae
Holotrichius
Holotrichius bergrothi

description: Holotrichius bergrothi Reuter, 1891
Fig. 4
Material examined.
GEORGIA • 6 specimens (macropterous form); Mijniskure (Vashlovani National Park); 41.1113, 46.648; 94 m a. s. l.; 20. June 2022; leg. L. and A. Vähätalo; in vegetation near the ground, meadow; CaBOL-ID 1030561.
Remarks.
Previously, this species was considered a sub-Turanian endemic with records from Russia (South European territory), the European part of Kazakhstan, and Turkmenistan (Aukema and Rieger 1996; Yesenbekova and Homziak 2013). This is the first record of H. bergothi for the Caucasus ecoregion.
description: Published as part of Chitadze, Beka, Bulbulashvili, Natalia, Japaridze, Lasha-Giorgi, Drogvalenko, Alexander, Moulet, Pierre & Seropian, Armen, 2024, First record of 15 species of Hemiptera (Hexapoda, Insecta) in Georgia, pp. 127-143 in Caucasiana 3 on pages 127-143, DOI: 10.3897/caucasiana.3.e124994
Vilpianus galii Wolff 1802
Creators: name: Chitadze, Beka
name: Bulbulashvili, Natalia
name: Japaridze, Lasha-Giorgi
name: Drogvalenko, Alexander
name: Moulet, Pierre
name: Seropian, Armen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Pentatomidae
Vilpianus
Vilpianus galii

description: Vilpianus galii Wolff, 1802
Fig. 3
Material examined.
GEORGIA • 3 specimens; Gori; 41.9810, 44.0789; 650 m a. s. l.; 15. July 2021; leg. N. Bulbulashvili; on Gallium sp. in steppe; CaBOL-IDs 1011597, 1011598, 1011599.
Barcoding.
A single barcode was obtained from the specimen with CaBOL-ID 1011597 (BOLD: AGA 7433), which had the best match with the nearest neighbor in BOLD Systems being V. galii from Austria with a private status (p - distance 1.99 %).
Remarks.
From the adjacent territories, V. galii has been previously reported from Russia (Stavropol Krai), Turkey, Azerbaijan, and Armenia (Fent 2010; Kıyak and Akar 2010; Grebennikov and Anikin 2020; Fent and Dursun 2022; Iskandarov et al. 2022). The species is considered Mediterranean-Iranian-Turanian (Gapon 2014; Meral and Dursun 2022), where it’s found on Gallium sp. Unlike the fluid movement typical for most of the pentatomids, V. galii locomotion is characterized by “ jerky ” movements (personal observation).
description: Published as part of Chitadze, Beka, Bulbulashvili, Natalia, Japaridze, Lasha-Giorgi, Drogvalenko, Alexander, Moulet, Pierre & Seropian, Armen, 2024, First record of 15 species of Hemiptera (Hexapoda, Insecta) in Georgia, pp. 127-143 in Caucasiana 3 on pages 127-143, DOI: 10.3897/caucasiana.3.e124994
Reduvius ciliatus Jakovlev 1879
Creators: name: Chitadze, Beka
name: Bulbulashvili, Natalia
name: Japaridze, Lasha-Giorgi
name: Drogvalenko, Alexander
name: Moulet, Pierre
name: Seropian, Armen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Reduviidae
Reduvius
Reduvius ciliatus

description: Reduvius ciliatus Jakovlev, 1879
Fig. 5
Material examined.
GEORGIA • 6 specimens; Mijniskure (Vashlovani National Park); 41.1113, 46.648; 94 m a. s. l.; 20. June 2022; leg. L. and A. Vähätalo; under rocks; CaBOL-IDs 1030553, 1030554, 1030555.
Barcoding.
Three nearly identical barcodes were obtained from the specimens with CaBOL-IDs 1030553, 1030554, and 1030555 (BOLD: AFX 5349, mean p - distance 0.2 %), which is the first one of the species that we submit to the BOLD Systems.
Remarks.
This species is known from the Middle East, Iraq, and Iran, as well as from Russia (the south European part), Turkey, Armenia, and Azerbaijan adjacent to Georgia (Hoberlandt 1955; Putshkov and Putshkov 1996; Aukema et al. 2013; Dursun and Salur 2013; Мusaev et al. 2022).
description: Published as part of Chitadze, Beka, Bulbulashvili, Natalia, Japaridze, Lasha-Giorgi, Drogvalenko, Alexander, Moulet, Pierre & Seropian, Armen, 2024, First record of 15 species of Hemiptera (Hexapoda, Insecta) in Georgia, pp. 127-143 in Caucasiana 3 on pages 127-143, DOI: 10.3897/caucasiana.3.e124994
Oncocephalus squalidus
Creators: name: Chitadze, Beka
name: Bulbulashvili, Natalia
name: Japaridze, Lasha-Giorgi
name: Drogvalenko, Alexander
name: Moulet, Pierre
name: Seropian, Armen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Reduviidae
Oncocephalus
Oncocephalus squalidus

description: Oncocephalus squalidus (Rossi, 1790)
Fig. 6
Material examined.
GEORGIA • 1 specimen; Mijniskure (Vashlovani National Park); 41.1113, 46.648; 94 m a. s. l.; 20. June 2022; leg. L. and A. Vähätalo; under rocks.
Remarks.
From neighboring countries, O. squalidus has previously been reported in Turkey, Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Russia (Hoberlandt 1955; Aukema and Rieger 1996). General distribution is considered to be Holomediterranean (Yildirim et al. 2010).
description: Published as part of Chitadze, Beka, Bulbulashvili, Natalia, Japaridze, Lasha-Giorgi, Drogvalenko, Alexander, Moulet, Pierre & Seropian, Armen, 2024, First record of 15 species of Hemiptera (Hexapoda, Insecta) in Georgia, pp. 127-143 in Caucasiana 3 on pages 127-143, DOI: 10.3897/caucasiana.3.e124994