cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Data from: Evolution of bone cortical compactness in slow arboreal mammals. 2020.
Creators: name: Alfieri, Fabio
name: Nyakatura, John
name: Amson, Eli
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Anatomy
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: AppendixS1:
- Additional methods: potential cortical compactness (CC) biases deriving from CT spatial resolution and adjustements to the phylogenetic tree in order to fit the analysed sample
- Additional results: detailed results for Stochastic Character Mapping (SCM) and Phylogenetic Generalized Least Square (PGLS) regressions

Figures S1-S5:
Figure S1: Regions of interest (ROIs) selection criteria (aiming to limit subjectivity) are demonstrated
Figure S2: Whole sample of humeral mid-shaft cross-sections with ROIs
Figure S3: Whole sample of femoral mid-shaft cross-sections with ROIs
Figure S4: Example of post-binarisation manual correction in order to remove pixels deriving from CT scanning noise from cortical vacuities
Figure S5: Example of post-binarisation manual correction in order to remove pixels deriving from CT scanning noise around the periosteal region

analysis code: R code used to perform the statistical analysis

TableS1_humeri: Raw humeral CC and cortical area (CA) results including taxon, collection, specimen number, CT scan resolution, specimens on which post-binarisation corrections were performed (PostBinarCorr = ‘Yes’), specimens on which the cortex-spongiosa transition was manually delimited (SpongManualSel = ‘Yes'), specimens on which bony processes at the mid-shaft level were excluded (BoneProc= ‘Yes’), lifestyle and taxonomic categories (Taxon_for_Boxplots) used for data visualization

- TableS2_femora: Raw femoral CC and cortical area (CA) results including taxon, collection, specimen number, CT scan resolution, specimens on which post-binarisation corrections were performed (PostBinarCorr = ‘Yes’), specimens on which the cortex-spongiosa transition was manually delimited (SpongManualSel = ‘Yes'), specimens on which bony processes at the mid-shaft level were excluded (BoneProc= ‘Yes’), lifestyle and taxonomic categories (Taxon_for_Boxplots) used for data visualization

- time_tree: time calibrated tree used to phylogenetically inform the statistically analysis in NEXUS format

- tips_lifestyle_states: slow arboreal (1) or non slow arboreal (0) states of the phylogenetic tree tips. These data are used for SCM.
Keyword localisation in untranscribed speech using visually grounded speech models
Creators: name: Olaleye, Kayode
name: Oneata, Dan
name: Kamper, Herman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Keyword localisation is the task of finding where in a speech utterance a given query keyword occurs. We investigate to what extent keyword localisation is possible using a visually grounded speech (VGS) model. VGS models are trained on unlabelled images paired with spoken captions. These models are therefore self-supervised -- trained without any explicit textual label or location information. To obtain training targets, we first tag training images with soft text labels using a pretrained visual classifier with a fixed vocabulary. This enables a VGS model to predict the presence of a written keyword in an utterance, but not its location. We consider four ways to equip VGS models with localisations capabilities. Two of these -- a saliency approach and input masking -- can be applied to an arbitrary prediction model after training, while the other two -- attention and a score aggregation approach -- are incorporated directly into the structure of the model. Masked-based localisation gives some of the best reported localisation scores from a VGS model, with an accuracy of 57% when the system knows that a keyword occurs in an utterance and need to predict its location. In a setting where localisation is performed after detection, an $F_1$ of 25% is achieved, and in a setting where a keyword spotting ranking pass is first performed, we get a localisation P@10 of 32%. While these scores are modest compared to the idealised setting with unordered bag-of-word-supervision (from transcriptions), these models do not receive any textual or location supervision. Further analyses show that these models are limited by the first detection or ranking pass. Moreover, individual keyword localisation performance is correlated with the tagging performance from the visual classifier. We also show qualitatively how and where semantic mistakes occur, e.g. that the model locates surfer when queried with ocean.
description: 10 figures, 5 tables
Isocurvature perturbations and tensor mode in light of Planck and BICEP2
Creators: name: Kawasaki, Masahiro
name: Sekiguchi, Toyokazu
name: Takahashi, Tomo
name: Yokoyama, Shuichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the degeneracy of the isocurvature perturbations and the primordial gravitational waves, by using recent observations of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) reported by Planck and BICEP2 collaborations. We show that the tension in the bound on the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$ between Planck and BICEP2 can be resolved by introducing the anti-correlated isocurvature perturbations. Quantitatively, we find that with the anti-correlated isocurvature perturbations the constraints on $r$ from Planck alone and BICEP2 results can be consistent at 68 % C.L.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures, 1 table; accepted for publication in JCAP
New Jersey Clean Energy Collaborative 2003 Program Plan
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: New Jersey Board of Public Utilities
Year: 2002

description: The New Jersey Clean Energy Program is a statewide program that targets approximately $125 million each year toward technologies that save electricity and natural gas and increase the amount of electricity generated from clean, renewable resources. This document outlines the state's 2003 clean energy program plan, discusses program changes and focuses on budgeting and funding issues. The document also contains 2003 New Jersey Clean Energy Collaborative Program Descriptions, 2003 New Jersey Clean Energy Collaborative Program Budgets, and 2003 New Jersey Clean Energy Collaborative Performance Incentives.
Optimizing general molecular mechanics force fields in chemical space using binary-encoded SMARTS
Creators: name: Gokey, Trevor
name: Mobley, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: General force fields for molecular mechanics are challenging to design due to the large
 chemical space the parameters must describe accurately. Recently, a new scheme of
 parameter assignment using SMARTS substructure searches was constructed by hand,
 where each SMARTS pattern was carefully designed. Further refinement of these
 parameters is difficult due to the complexity and expressiveness of the SMARTS
 grammar, and as such many SMARTS modifications only lead to marginal gains in
 force field performance. Finding the correct SMARTS patterns to split into new
 parameters is tedious and prone to error, and therefore requires significant human time.
 This work automates the search for SMARTS patterns to derive new parameters,
 alleviating the need to derive complex, possibly overfitting and nontransferable
 SMARTS patterns. The parameters are selected based on their quality of fit to a QM
 reference dataset. To perform the search, SMARTS patterns are first transformed to
 bit maps embedded into graphs, and bits corresponding to the SMARTS information
 are then iterated in a deterministic fashion. The search aims to find the most general
 SMARTS patterns as possible in effort to produce general, transferable force fields.
 Here we show 3 use cases of constructing a set of parameters from scratch: charges,
 bonds and angles, and torsions. We then show how this work can be used as a general
 SMARTS clustering tool by converting a set of assignments based on GAFF into a
 force field in the SMIRNOFF format which uses SMARTS patterns as the parameter
 assignment mechanism.
Fixed Points in Supersymmetric Extensions of the Standard Model
Creators: name: Hiller, Gudrun
name: Litim, Daniel F.
name: Moch, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We search for weakly interacting fixed points in extensions of the minimally supersymmetric standard model (MSSM). Necessary conditions lead to three distinct classes of anomaly-free extensions involving either new quark singlets, new quark doublets, or a fourth generation. While interacting fixed points arise prolifically in asymptotically free theories, their existence is significantly constrained as soon as some of the non-abelian gauge sectors are infrared free. Performing a scan over $\sim 200$k different MSSM extensions using matter field multiplicities and the number of superpotential couplings as free parameters, we find mostly infrared conformal fixed points, and a small subset with ultraviolet ones. All settings predict low-scale supersymmetry-breaking and a violation of $R$-parity. Despite of residual interactions, the running of couplings out of asymptotically safe fixed points is logarithmic as in asymptotic freedom. Some fixed points can be matched to the Standard Model though the matching scale comes out too low. Prospects for higher matching scales and asymptotic safety beyond the MSSM are indicated.
description: 26 pages, 9 figures
New Jersey Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy for Wildlife of Greatest Conservation Need, Draft
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP), Division of Fish and Wildlife
Year: 2005

description: This document, the New Jersey Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy (CWCS), is a far-reaching blueprint for the protection and management of the wildlife species in New Jersey that are most in need of conservation. Every state is required to develop such a strategy that focuses on species of greatest conservation need in order to qualify for federal funds through the State Wildlife Grants program. For the first time ever, the strategy provides a comprehensive road map of what needs to be done for particular species, groups of species or particular habitats. Furthermore, it identifies which people, agencies or organizations, whether inside or outside of state government - are best suited to execute each strategy. While the strategy focuses on special need species and describes the conservation work that will benefit those species, ultimately all fish and wildlife species in New Jersey will benefit from this work.
Asymptotic behaviour of rotating convection-driven dynamos in the plane layer geometry
Creators: name: Yan, Ming
name: Calkins, Michael A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamos driven by rotating convection in the plane layer geometry are investigated numerically for a range of Ekman number ($E$), magnetic Prandtl number ($Pm$) and Rayleigh number ($Ra$). The primary purpose of the investigation is to compare results of the simulations with previously developed asymptotic theory that is applicable in the limit of rapid rotation. We find that all of the simulations are in the quasi-geostrophic regime in which the Coriolis and pressure gradient forces are approximately balanced at leading order, whereas all other forces, including the Lorentz force, act as perturbations. Agreement between simulation output and asymptotic scalings for the energetics, flow speeds, magnetic field amplitude and length scales is found. The transition from large scale dynamos to small scale dynamos is well described by the magnetic Reynolds number based on the small convective length scale, $\widetilde{Rm}$, with large scale dynamos preferred when $\widetilde{Rm} \lesssim O(1)$. The magnitude of the large scale magnetic field is observed to saturate and become approximately constant with increasing Rayleigh number. Energy spectra show that all length scales present in the flow field and the small-scale magnetic field are consistent with a scaling of $E^{1/3}$, even in the turbulent regime. For a fixed value of $E$, we find that the viscous dissipation length scale is approximately constant over a broad range of $Ra$; the ohmic dissipation length scale is approximately constant within the large scale dynamo regime, but transitions to a $\widetilde{Rm}^{-1/2}$ scaling in the small scale dynamo regime.
description: 38 pages, 13 figures
Chiral Self-Assembly of Cellulose Nanocrystals is Driven by Crystallite Bundles
Creators: name: Parton, Thomas
name: Parker, Richard
name: Kerkhof, Gea T Van De
name: Narkevicius, Aurimas
name: Haataja, Johannes
name: Frka-Petesic, Bruno
name: Vignolini, Silvia
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Article
/639/301/923/966
/639/301/923/916
/639/301/923/919
/639/624/399/1022
/639/301/54/989
/147/143
/147/3
/147/135
/128
/123
article

description: Funder: Emil Aaltosen Säätiö (Emil Aaltonen Foundation); doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/501100004756
description: Funder: Philip Leverhulme Prize [PLP-2019-271]; Lord Lewis Research Studentship in Chemistry.
description: The transfer of chirality across length-scales is an intriguing and universal natural phenomenon. However, connecting the properties of individual building blocks to the emergent features of their resulting large-scale structure remains a challenge. In this work, we investigate the origins of mesophase chirality in cellulose nanocrystal suspensions, whose self-assembly into chiral photonic films has attracted significant interest. By correlating the ensemble behaviour in suspensions and films with a quantitative morphological analysis of the individual nanoparticles, we reveal an inverse relationship between the cholesteric pitch and the abundance of laterally-bound composite particles. These bundles thus act as colloidal chiral dopants, analogous to those used in molecular liquid crystals, providing the missing link in the hierarchical transfer of chirality from the molecular to the colloidal scale.
Holographic tensor networks from hyperbolic buildings
Creators: name: Gesteau, Elliott
name: Marcolli, Matilde
name: Parikh, Sarthak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce a unifying framework for the construction of holographic tensor networks, based on the theory of hyperbolic buildings. The underlying dualities relate a bulk space to a boundary which can be homeomorphic to a sphere, but also to more general spaces like a Menger sponge type fractal. In this general setting, we give a precise construction of a large family of bulk regions that satisfy complementary recovery. For these regions, our networks obey a Ryu--Takayanagi formula. The areas of Ryu--Takayanagi surfaces are controlled by the Hausdorff dimension of the boundary, and consistently generalize the behavior of holographic entanglement entropy in integer dimensions to the non-integer case. Our construction recovers HaPPY--like codes in all dimensions, and generalizes the geometry of Bruhat--Tits trees. It also provides examples of infinite-dimensional nets of holographic conditional expectations, and opens a path towards the study of conformal field theory and holography on fractal spaces.
description: 29 pages + appendices and references, 4 figures, a few clarifications, matches published version
Data from: Evolution of bone cortical compactness in slow arboreal mammals. 2020.
Creators: name: Alfieri, Fabio
name: Nyakatura, John
name: Amson, Eli
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Anatomy
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Cortical compactness analysis in the humerus and the femur of slow arboreal mammals
New Jersey Reef News, 2005 Edition
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP), Division of Fish and Wildlife
Year: 2005

description: This is the newsletter of the New Jersey Reef Program, a program to construct hard-substrate reef habitat in the ocean for certain species of fish and shellfish, new fishing grounds for anglers and underwater structures for scuba divers. In constructing and managing reefs, the goal is to spread the benefits of reef resources to as many people as possible. This issue features the following articles: DEP Will Sink Ship to Enhance Artificial Reef Site for Anglers, Divers; NJ Reef Supporters Earn Recognition Awards; How Many Fish Inhabit a Reef Ball?; New Wrecks in '04; 2004 Reef Adoptions; Divers, Anglers Can Provide Important Information about Reefs; Divers Aim to Find Out How Many Fish Live on a Subway Car; Results are in from Sea Bass Tagging Study; 2004 Reef Habitat Sponsors.
Emerging negative Poisson's ratio driven by strong intralayer interaction response in rectangular transition metal chalcogenides
Creators: name: Yu, Linfeng
name: Wang, Yancong
name: Zhen, Xiong
name: Wang, Huiming
name: Qin, Zhenzhen
name: Qin, Guangzhao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Auxetic behavior quantified by the negative Poisson's ratio (NPR) is commonly attributed to geometry evolution with re-entrant mechanism or other mechanical factors, which is thought to be independent of electronic structures. Thus, searching for electronic effect dominated auxetic behavior is challenging. Herein, from state-of-the-art first-principles calculations, by studying a class of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal chalcogenides (TMCs), namely X2Y2-type (X=Cu, Ag, Au; Y=O, S, Se) rectangular TMCs (R-TMCs), we identify that the monolayer R-Cu2Se2 unconventionally demonstrates a structure-independent anisotropic NPR. In contrast, the NPR is absent in other R-TMCs. The emerging NPR is attributed to the strong strain response of intralayer interaction in R-Cu2Se2, which can be traced to the lone pair electrons and weak electronegativity of Se atoms under multi-orbital hybridization. The emerging NPR would make R-Cu2Se2 a promising candidate in electronics protection, and our study would provide valuable clues and useful guidance for designing advanced auxetic materials.
Utilization of Information Communication Technology for the Improvement of Personnel Economics in the Administration of Public Secondary Schools in Rivers State
Creators: name: Ihedioha, Nneoma Jubellian
name: Anyanwu, Augustina Uloma
Publisher: name: Partners Universal International Innovation Journal (PUIIJ)
Year: 2023

description: This study investigated utilization of information communication technology for the improvement of personnel economics in the administration of public secondary schools in Rivers state. The study had two objectives, with corresponding research questions and hypotheses. A descriptive survey design was employed, and the population consisted of 11,258 secondary school teachers from 258 public senior secondary schools in Rivers state, with 4,127 males and 7,131 females. A sample of 383 teachers (163 males and 220 females) was drawn from 15 public senior secondary schools using the Taro Yamane Formula and a two-stage samplingtechnique of stratified and simple random sampling. Data was collectedusing a self-structured questionnaire titled "Utilization of Information and Communication Technology and Personnel Economics in Secondary School Administration." The questionnaire underwent face and content validation by three experts and demonstrated good reliability with a Cronbach Alpha coefficient of 0.82. Research questions were answered using mean and standard deviation, while inferential statistics utilized the z-test. The findings indicated a significant difference between male and female teachers in their perceptions of ICT utilization for teachers' supervision and evaluation, highlighting the potential for ICT to improve personnel economics in the administration of public secondary schools in Rivers state. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that implementing various ICT-based strategies such as developmental supervision, contextual supervision, clinical supervision, and collaborative forms of developmental supervision could enhance the effectiveness of teaching staff and overall school productivity in public secondary schools in Rivers state.
Joining and splitting models with Markov melding.
Creators: name: Goudie, Robert
name: Presanis, Anne
name: Lunn, David
name: De Angelis, Daniela
name: Wernisch, Lorenz
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019

description: Analysing multiple evidence sources is often feasible only via a modular approach, with separate submodels specified for smaller components of the available evidence. Here we introduce a generic framework that enables fully Bayesian analysis in this setting. We propose a generic method for forming a suitable joint model when joining submodels, and a convenient computational algorithm for fitting this joint model in stages, rather than as a single, monolithic model. The approach also enables splitting of large joint models into smaller submodels, allowing inference for the original joint model to be conducted via our multi-stage algorithm. We motivate and demonstrate our approach through two examples: joining components of an evidence synthesis of A/H1N1 influenza, and splitting a large ecology model.
Spontaneous generation and active manipulation of real-space optical vortex
Creators: name: Kim, Dongha
name: Baucour, Arthur
name: Choi, Yun-Seok
name: Shin, Jonghwa
name: Seo, Min-Kyo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical vortices host the orbital nature of photons, which offers an extra degree of freedom in photonic applications. Unlike vortices in other physical entities, optical vortices require structural singularities, which restrict their abilities in terms of dynamic and interactive characteristics. In this study, we present the spontaneous generation and external magnetic field-induced manipulation of an optical vortex and antivortex. A gradient-thickness optical cavity (GTOC) consisting of an Al/SiO2/Ni/SiO2 multilayer structure realised the distinct transition between the trivial and non-trivial topological phases, depending on the magneto-optic effects of the Ni layer. In the non-trivial topological phase, the mathematical singularities generating the optical vortex and antivortex pair in the reflected light existed in the generalised parameter space of the thicknesses of the top and bottom SiO2 layers, which is bijective to the real space of the GTOC. Coupled with the magnetisation, the optical vortex and antivortex in the GTOC experienced an effective spin-orbit interaction and showed topology-dependent dynamics under external magnetic fields. We expect that field-induced engineering of optical vortices will pave the way for the study of topological photonic interactions and their applications.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures
Free-energy bounds for hierarchical spin models
Creators: name: Castellana, Michele
name: Barra, Adriano
name: Guerra, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study two non-mean-field spin models built on a hierarchical lattice: The hierarchical Edward-Anderson model (HEA) of a spin glass, and Dyson's hierarchical model (DHM) of a ferromagnet. For the HEA, we prove the existence of the thermodynamic limit of the free energy and the replica-symmetry-breaking (RSB) free-energy bounds previously derived for the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model of a spin glass. These RSB mean-field bounds are exact only if the order-parameter fluctuations (OPF) vanish: Given that such fluctuations are not negligible in non-mean-field models, we develop a novel strategy to tackle part of OPF in hierarchical models. The method is based on absorbing part of OPF of a block of spins into an effective Hamiltonian of the underlying spin blocks. We illustrate this method for DHM and show that, compared to the mean-field bound for the free energy, it provides a tighter non-mean-field bound, with a critical temperature closer to the exact one. To extend this method to the HEA model, a suitable generalization of Griffith's correlation inequalities for Ising ferromagnets is needed: Since correlation inequalities for spin glasses are still an open topic, we leave the extension of this method to hierarchical spin glasses as a future perspective.
Organizing Digital Change at the University. The Practitioners' Field Guide for Implementing Educational Technology
Creators: name: Laufer, Melissa
name: Kuper, Freia
name: Mende, Marcia Aline
name: Schäfer, Len Ole
name: Tschache, Tiana
name: Deacon, Bronwen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: ORGANIZING DIGITAL CHANGE AT THE UNIVERSITY The Practitioners’ Field Guide for Implementing Educational Technology The Practitioners' Field Guide for Implementing Educational Technology offers directions for those navigating the sometimes turbulent, but rich road of implementing educational technology. In this guide, we offer research-based recommendations and data-derived best practices which draw on the findings of the OrA Project. Readers will gain insight on six key themes related to organizing educational technology across a higher education institution: leadership, strategy, infrastructure, networks, engagement and motivation. An output of the OrA Project, Organizational Adaptivity in the German Higher Education Context, a cooperation project between the Alexander von Humboldt Institute for Internet and Society, Research Programme, “Knowledge & Society” and FernUniversität in Hagen, CATALPA - Center of Advanced Technology for Assisted Learning and Predictive Analytics.
Guidance Document on NJDEP Efforts to Support Sustainability in New Jersey
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP) Sustainable Communities Work Group
Year: 2000

description: This report provides guidance to the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP) on the issue of attaining sustainability in New Jersey. It lays out a series of recommendations to guide the Department's strategies and activities so that they better support New Jersey becoming a sustainable state.
D-2-hydroxyglutarate interferes with HIF-1α stability skewing T-cell metabolism towards oxidative phosphorylation and impairing Th17 polarization
Creators: name: Böttcher, Martin
name: Renner, Kathrin
name: Berger, Raffaela
name: Mentz, Kristin
name: Thomas, Simone
name: Cardenas-Conejo, Zugey Elizabeth
name: Dettmer, Katja
name: Oefner, Peter J.
name: Mackensen, Andreas
name: Kreutz, Marina
name: Mougiakakos, Dimitrios
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: immunometabolism, oncometabolite, acute myeloid leukemia, IDH mutation, Th17, Tregs, 2HG, Immunosurveillance, Inflammation and cancer
subject: 610 Medizin

description: D-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2HG) is released by various types of malignant cells including acute myeloid leukemia (AML) blasts carrying isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) gain-of-function mutations. D-2HG acting as an oncometabolite promotes proliferation, anoikis, and differentiation block of hematopoietic cells in an autocrine fashion. However, prognostic impact of IDH mutations and high D-2HG levels remains controversial and might depend on the overall mutational context. An increasing number of studies focus on the permissive environment created by AML blasts to promote immune evasion. Impact of D-2HG on immune cells remains incompletely understood. Here, we sought out to investigate the effects of D-2HG on T-cells as key mediators of anti-AML immunity. D-2HG was efficiently taken up by T-cells in vitro, which is in line with high 2-HG levels measured in T-cells isolated from AML patients carrying IDH mutations. T-cell activation was slightly impacted by D-2HG. However, D-2HG triggered HIF-1a protein destabilization resulting in metabolic skewing towards oxidative phosphorylation, increased regulatory T-cell (Treg) frequency, and reduced T helper 17 (Th17) polarization. Our data suggest for the first time that D-2HG might contribute to fine tuning of immune responses.
Quasi-geostrophic approximation of anelastic convection
Creators: name: Busse, Friedrich H.
name: Simitev, Radostin D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The onset of convection in a rotating cylindrical annulus with parallel ends filled with a compressible fluid is studied in the anelastic approximation. Thermal Rossby waves propagating in the azimuthal direction are found as solutions. The analogy to the case of Boussinesq convection in the presence of conical end surfaces of the annular region is emphasized. As in the latter case the results can be applied as an approximation for the description of the onset of anelastic convection in rotating spherical fluid shells. Reasonable agreement with three-dimensional numerical results published by Jones et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 634, 2009, pp. 291-319) for the latter problem is found. As in those results the location of the onset of convection shifts outward from the tangent cylinder with increasing number $N_ρ$ of density scale heights until it reaches the equatorial boundary. A new result is that at a much higher number $N_ρ$ the onset location returns to the interior of the fluid shell.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, 1 table
Delaware River and Bay Water Quality Assessment 1996-1997 305(b)Report
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: Delaware River Basin Commission
Year: 1998

description: This report briefly summarizes the Delaware River Basin Commission's analysis of the quality of the water comprising the Delaware River and the extent to which the River supported various designated uses during 1996 and 1997. The data has been entered into EPA's Water Body System and transmitted to EPA in an electronic form. The electronically filed data and this document constitute the Commission's report under Section 305(b) of the Water Quality Act, in accordance with EPA's Guidelines for Preparation of the Comprehensive State Water Quality Assessments (305(b) Reports) and Electronic Updates.
Research Project Summary: Assessment of Total Mercury Concentrations in Fish from Rivers, Lakes and Reservoirs in New Jersey
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, Division of Science, Research and Technology
Year: 2002

description: This report summarizes a study called Phase II Assessment of Total Mercury Concentrations in Fishes from Rivers, Lakes and Reservoirs of New Jersey.  In 1996-97, ANSP (Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia) conducted this study, in which a total of 258 fish samples from 30 water bodies were analyzed.  The results of this study are consistent with ANSP 1992-93 mercury in fish research in New Jersey. The highest mercury concentrations were in fish from the Pine Barrens region and marginal to the Pine Barrens. Mercury levels varied greatly in fish from industrial areas, northern and northwestern waterways and cold-water streams. Mercury concentrations typically increased with species trophic level, but among-species variation within each group was observed.  Also reported herein is a review of the entire five-study database (1100 samples) showing that mercury is ubiquitous in New Jersey freshwater systems.
Inside-Out Planet Formation. VII. Astrochemical Models of Protoplanetary Disks and Implications for Planetary Compositions
Creators: name: Soto, Arturo Cevallos
name: Tan, Jonathan C.
name: Hu, Xiao
name: Hsu, Chia-Jung
name: Walsh, Catherine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inside-Out Planet Formation (IOPF) proposes that the abundant systems of close-in Super-Earths and Mini-Neptunes form in situ at the pressure maximum associated with the Dead Zone Inner Boundary (DZIB). We present a model of physical and chemical evolution of protoplanetary disk midplanes that follows gas advection, radial drift of pebbles and gas-grain chemistry to predict abundances from 300~au down to the DZIB near 0.2 au. We consider typical disk properties relevant for IOPF, i.e., accretion rates 1E-9 < dM/dt / (Msun/yr) < 1E-8 and viscosity parameter alpha = 1E-4, and evolve for fiducial duration of t = 1E5 years. For outer, cool disk regions, we find that C and up to 90% of O nuclei start locked in CO and O2 ice, which keeps abundances of CO2 and H2O one order of magnitude lower. Radial drift of icy pebbles is influential, with gas-phase abundances of volatiles enhanced up to two orders of magnitude at ice-lines, while the outer disk becomes depleted of dust. Disks with decreasing accretion rates gradually cool, which draws in icelines closer to the star. At <~1 au, advective models yield water-rich gas with C/O ratios <~ 0.1, which may be inherited by atmospheres of planets forming here via IOPF. For planetary interiors built by pebble accretion, IOPF predicts volatile-poor compositions. However, advectively-enhanced volatile mass fractions of ~10% can occur at the water ice line.
description: Submitted to MNRAS; comments welcome; for summary of Inside-Out Planet Formation papers see http://www.cosmicorigins.space/iopf
"Nursing consultation for people with coronary artery disease: a comparative cross-sectional study": Data Sharing and Storage Plan
Creators: name: Sao-Joao, Thais Moreira
name: Matias-Gonçalves, Maria Clara Moreira
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Public Health and Community Nursing
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Nursing
subject: Nursing Process
subject: Nursing Consultation
subject: Coronary Artery Disease

description: This data sharing and storage plan outlines how collected data will be managed, stored securely during and after the study, and shared with others while adhering to ethical, legal, and privacy considerations. It details data organization, storage locations (physical and digital), access controls, long-term preservation, anonymization for privacy, metadata documentation, data sharing procedures, and compliance with relevant regulations and policies. This plan ensures research transparency, reproducibility, and accessibility, promoting collaboration and the responsible use of research data.
Resistive flow in a weakly interacting Bose-Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Jendrzejewski, F.
name: Eckel, S.
name: Murray, N.
name: Lanier, C.
name: Edwards, M.
name: Lobb, C. J.
name: Campbell, G. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the direct observation of resistive flow through a weak link in a weakly interacting atomic Bose-Einstein condensate. Two weak links separate our ring-shaped superfluid atomtronic circuit into two distinct regions, a source and a drain. Motion of these weak links allows for creation of controlled flow between the source and the drain. At a critical value of the weak link velocity, we observe a transition from superfluid flow to superfluid plus resistive flow. Working in the hydrodynamic limit, we observe a conductivity that is 4 orders of magnitude larger than previously reported conductivities for a Bose-Einstein condensate with a tunnel junction. Good agreement with zero-temperature Gross-Pitaevskii simulations and a phenomenological model based on phase slips indicate that the creation of excitations plays an important role in the resulting conductivity. Our measurements of resistive flow elucidate the microscopic origin of the dissipation and pave the way for more complex atomtronic devices.
description: Version published in PRL
Dark states in a carbon nanotube quantum dot
Creators: name: Donarini, Andrea
name: Niklas, Michael
name: Schafberger, Michael
name: Paradiso, Nicola
name: Strunk, Christoph
name: Grifoni, Milena
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: Illumination of atoms by resonant lasers can pump electrons into a coherent superposition of hyperfine levels which can no longer absorb the light. Such superposition is known as dark state, because fluorescent light emission is then suppressed. Here we report an all-electric analogue of this destructive interference effect in a carbon nanotube quantum dot. The dark states are a coherent superposition of valley (angular momentum) states which are decoupled from either the drain or the source leads. Their emergence is visible in asymmetric current-voltage characteristics, with missing current steps and current suppression which depend on the polarity of the applied source-drain bias. Our results demonstrate for the first time coherent-population trapping by all-electric means in an artificial atom.
Across the Watershed, Summer 2003
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: Great Swamp Watershed Association
Year: 2003

description: This is the Summer 2003 issue of Across the Watershed, the quarterly newsletter from the Great Swamp Watershed Association (GSWA). This issue contains articles entitled Honoring Volunteers, Do the Swamp Thing, Stream Team, and Rolling Knolls, as well as local news and events.
title: The Language of Violence in Early Modern Tragedies, 1580-1630
Creators: name: Hegland, Anna L.
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2022

description: This project takes an interdisciplinary approach to early modern drama, analyzing how playwrights conceive of and represent violence via the visual, material, rhetorical, and performance cultures that inform their work. It suggests that rhetoric and action are inextricably intertwined and that this intertwining is especially forceful, heightened, and affective during moments of staged violence on the sixteenth- and seventeenth-century English stage. As a result, violent speech generates not only meaning and feeling, but also material forms of violent action and impact, endowing the embodied act with particularly forceful potential. Rhetoric is not just heard in the theatre, it is enacted, it is felt, and it is experienced. As such, this thesis is attuned to and explores the violent potential of embodied rhetoric by examining premodern plays with a methodology that is positioned at the intersection between rhetoric and performance, using both textual analysis and practice as research to offer up a new critical approach that enables us to see the spectacular and affective power of violence in the rhetoric and performances of sixteenth- and seventeenth-century tragedies. As I unpick the linguistic roots of violence in these plays and the ways they manifest on stage, I define two specific and identifiable vocabularies of violence: the first, a descriptive vocabulary of language about violence and the second, a demonstrative vocabulary of violent language. Using these vocabularies, I argue that language plays an imperative role in generating and enlivening acts of violence on stage, in defining its performance, and in provoking an emotional response in both actors and audience members in the early modern period and today.
The uniform electron gas at high temperatures: \emph{ab initio} path integral Monte Carlo simulations and analytical theory
Creators: name: Dornheim, Tobias
name: Vorberger, Jan
name: Moldabekov, Zhandos
name: Röpke, Gerd
name: Kraeft, Wolf-Dietrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present extensive new \emph{ab initio} path integral Monte Carlo (PIMC) simulations of the uniform electron gas (UEG) in the high-temperature regime, $8\leqθ=k_\textnormal{B}T/E_\textnormal{F}\leq128$. This allows us to study the convergence of different properties towards the classical limit. In particular, we investigate the classical relation between the static structure factor $S(\mathbf{q})$ and the static local field correction $G(\mathbf{q})$, which is only fulfilled at low densities. Moreover, we compare our new results for the interaction energy to the parametrization of the UEG by Groth \emph{et al.}~[PRL \textbf{119}, 135001 (2017)], which interpolates between PIMC results for $θ\leq8$ and the Debye-Hückel limit, and to higher order analytical virial expansions. Finally, we consider the momentum distribution function $n(\mathbf{q})$ and find an interaction-induced increase in the occupation of the zero-momentum state even for $θ\gtrsim32$. All PIMC data are freely available online, and can be used as input for improved parametrizations and as a rigorous benchmark for approximate methods.
Transport and emergent stratification in the equilibrated Eady model: the vortex gas scaling regime
Creators: name: Gallet, Basile
name: Miquel, Benjamin
name: Hadjerci, Gabriel
name: Burns, Keaton J.
name: Flierl, Glenn R.
name: Ferrari, Raffaele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically and theoretically investigate the Boussinesq Eady model, where a rapidly rotating density-stratified layer of fluid is subject to a meridional temperature gradient in thermal wind balance with a uniform vertically sheared zonal flow. Through a suite of numerical simulations, we show that the transport properties of the resulting turbulent flow are governed by quasi-geostrophic (QG) dynamics in the rapidly rotating strongly stratified regime. The 'vortex gas' scaling predictions put forward in the context of the two-layer QG model carry over to this fully 3D system: the functional dependence of the meridional flux on the control parameters is the same, the two ajustable parameters entering the theory taking slightly different values. In line with the QG prediction, the meridional buoyancy flux is depth-independent. The vertical buoyancy flux is such that turbulence transports buoyancy along isopycnals, except in narrow layers near the the top and bottom boundaries, the thickness of which decreases as the diffusivities go to zero. The emergent (re)stratification is set by a simple balance between the vertical buoyancy flux and diffusion along the vertical direction. Overall, this study demonstrates how the vortex-gas scaling theory can be adapted to quantitatively predict the magnitude and vertical structure of the meridional and vertical buoyancy fluxes, and of the emergent stratification, without additional fitting parameters.
description: Accepted version
Sequence of phase transitions in a model of interacting rods
Creators: name: Klamser, Juliane U.
name: Sadhu, Tridib
name: Dhar, Deepak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a system of interacting thin rigid rods of equal length $2 \ell$ on a two-dimensional grid of lattice spacing $a$, we show that there are multiple phase transitions as the coupling strength $κ=\ell/a$ and the temperature are varied. There are essentially two classes of transitions. One corresponds to the Ising-type spontaneous symmetry breaking transition and the second belongs to less-studied phase transitions of geometrical origin. The latter class of transitions appear at fixed values of $κ$ irrespective of the temperature, whereas the critical coupling for the spontaneous symmetry breaking transition depends on it. By varying the temperature, the phase boundaries may cross each other, leading to a rich phase behaviour with infinitely many phases. Our results are based on Monte Carlo simulations on the square lattice, and a fixed-point analysis of a functional flow equation on a Bethe lattice.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Effects of kinematic and magnetic boundary conditions on the dynamics of convection-driven plane layer dynamos
Creators: name: Naskar, Souvik
name: Pal, Anikesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rapidly rotating convection-driven dynamos are investigated under different kinematic and magnetic boundary conditions using DNS. At a fixed rotation rate, represented by the Ekman number $E=5\times10^{-7}$, the thermal forcing is varied from 2 to 20 times its value at the onset of convection ($\mathcal{R}=Ra/Ra_c=2-20$), keeping the fluid properties constant ($Pr=Pr_m=1$). The statistical behavior, force balance and heat transport characteristics of the dynamos depend on boundary conditions that dictate both boundary layer and the interior dynamics. At a fixed thermal forcing ($\mathcal{R}=3$), the Ekman plumes in the presence of viscous boundary layers lead to energetic vortices that result in higher enstrophy and kinetic helicity with no-slip boundaries compared to free-slip boundaries. The structure and strength of the magnetic field are also dictated by the boundary conditions. Though the leading order force balance remains geostrophic, Lorentz force dominates inside the thermal boundary layer with no-slip, electrically conducting walls. Here, the Lorentz work term in the turbulent kinetic energy budget is found to have components that exchange energy from the velocity field to the magnetic field, and vice-versa. However, with no-slip, insulated walls, all Lorentz work components perform unidirectional energy transfer to produce magnetic energy from the kinetic energy of the fluid. The heat transfer enhancement in dynamos, compared to non-magnetic rotating convection, exhibits a peak in the range $\mathcal{R}=3-5$. For free-slip conditions, dynamo action may alter the heat transport by suppressing the formation of large-scale vortices. However, the highest heat transfer enhancement occurs when the boundaries are no-slip, electrically conducting walls.
Radio Map Estimation: A Data-Driven Approach to Spectrum Cartography
Creators: name: Romero, Daniel
name: Kim, Seung-Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Radio maps characterize quantities of interest in radio communication environments, such as the received signal strength and channel attenuation, at every point of a geographical region. Radio map estimation typically entails interpolative inference based on spatially distributed measurements. In this tutorial article, after presenting some representative applications of radio maps, the most prominent radio map estimation methods are discussed. Starting from simple regression, the exposition gradually delves into more sophisticated algorithms, eventually touching upon state-of-the-art techniques. To gain insight into this versatile toolkit, illustrative toy examples will also be presented.