cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
British Gallup Poll CQ 954A
Creators: name: Social Surveys (Gallup Poll) Limited
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2013

description: Approval of government's record (1); satisfaction with Mrs. Margaret Thatcher as Prime Minister (1); Mr. Neil Kinnock performance as leader of the Labor Party (1); Mr. David Steel performance as leader of the Liberal Party (1); Dr. David Owen as leader of the Social Democratic Party (1); voting in General Election (4); price control (2); economic policy (2); wage rise vs. increase in food prices (3); finance (1); effective law and justice system (2); justice system response to the rich and influential (1); government influence on judges (1); duty of civil servants (1); opinions on the sinking of the Argentinian ship, the General Belgrano during Falklands war (3).
Braiding statistics and classification of two-dimensional charge-$2m$ superconductors
Creators: name: Wang, Chenjie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study braiding statistics between quasiparticles and vortices in two-dimensional charge-$2m$ (in units of $e$) superconductors that are coupled to a $\mathbb Z_{2m}$ dynamical gauge field, where $m$ is any positive integer. We show that there exist $16m$ types of braiding statistics when $m$ is odd, but only $4m$ types when $m$ is even. Based on the braiding statistics, we obtain a classification of topological phases of charge-$2m$ superconductors---or formally speaking, a classification of symmetry-protected topological phases, as well as invertible topological phases, of two-dimensional gapped fermions with $\mathbb Z_{2m}^f$ symmetry. Interestingly, we find that there is no nontrivial fermionic symmetry-protected topological phase with $\mathbb Z_4^f$ symmetry.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure, 1 table. rewritten introduction. published version
British Gallup Poll CQ 955
Creators: name: Social Surveys (Gallup Poll) Limited
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2013

description: Approval of government's record (1); satisfaction with Mrs. Margaret Thatcher as Prime Minister (1); Mr. Neil Kinnock performance as leader of the Labor Party (1); Mr. David Steel performance as leader of the Liberal Party (1); Dr. David Owen as leader of the Social Democratic Party (1); voting in General Election (4); unemployment condition (1); price increase (1); firms are busier (1); expecting changes to income (1); financial commitments (1); good time to save or to spend (2); political party that is more concerned for the interests of people and is more responsible in handling issues facing the country (4); should Great Britain continue nuclear power penetration (1); opinion on building nuclear power station in residential area (3); dangers of nuclear power stations (2).
Intraoperative oxygen exposure and postoperative outcomes
Creators: name: Billings, Josh
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biological Factors
subject: Medical Sciences
subject: Chemicals and Drugs
subject: Anesthesiology
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Medical Physiology
subject: FOS: Basic medicine
subject: Inorganic Chemicals
subject: Medical Specialties
subject: Surgery

description: This is a study protocol and statistical analysis plan for a research project that will estimate patient intraoperative oxygen exposure across a large heterogenous cohort of medical centers, surgeries, and anesthesiologists and test the hypothesis that excess intraoperative oxygen exposure is associated with an increased risk of postoperative kidney injury, myocardial injury, lung injury, and other secondary endpoints.
Statistical transmutation in Floquet driven optical lattices
Creators: name: Sedrakyan, Tigran A.
name: Galitski, Victor M.
name: Kamenev, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that interacting bosons in a periodically-driven two dimensional (2D) optical lattice may effectively exhibit fermionic statistics. The phenomenon is similar to the celebrated Tonks-Girardeau regime in 1D. The Floquet band of a driven lattice develops the moat shape, i.e. a minimum along a closed contour in the Brillouin zone. Such degeneracy of the kinetic energy favors fermionic quasiparticles. The statistical transmutation is achieved by the Chern-Simons flux attachment similar to the fractional quantum Hall case. We show that the velocity distribution of the released bosons is a sensitive probe of the fermionic nature of their stationary Floquet state.
description: Main text: 4 pages, 4 figures. Supplement: 4 pages, 1 figure
The Future of Primary Care in Rural and Underserved Areas - Addressing the Needs through Residency Training Programs and Policy Changes
Creators: name: Hubbard, Maureen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: The health of the United States’ (U.S.) population continues to lag behind other industrialized countries when comparing key global health indicators. However, the U.S. leads all industrialized nations in total expenditures on health as a percentage of gross domestic product (GDP). Health expenditures are predicted to continue to climb while disparities in health status and health outcomes exist within many subpopulations in the U.S., including those who are residents in rural and underserved areas. The inequalities in health coverage and health access particularly in Medically Underserved Areas (MUAs) and Health Professional Shortage Areas (HPSAs) must be addressed to decrease health disparities among this population group. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) signed into law on March 23, 2010 by President Barack Obama will shape the future of health care and influence the need for primary care clinicians in rural and underserved areas. While primary care improves continuity of care, increases quality of care and decreases medical errors leading to better health outcomes, medical residents are choosing subspecialty training rather than primary care, leading to a shortage of primary care providers in rural and underserved areas. Rural and underserved areas are places that need primary care providers to decrease the inequalities in health access and health disparities felt by population groups living in these areas (Nelson, Pomerantz, Howard Bushy, 2007). Policy change is essential to increase the primary care workforce in rural and underserved. Medical residents need to train in rural and underserved areas during their medical rotations. Incentives to practice in primary care should be increased so medical residents will select primary care over the more lucrative subspecialties. Reimbursement rates for primary care practices need to be increased. In addition, the availability of scholarship and loan repayment iii programs should be expanded for medical students choosing primary care. A commitment to these changes is necessary to address the need for primary care providers in the future and ultimately improve the health of the nation.
title: Different fetal isolated mild ventriculomegaly patterns are associated with changes in brain and body biometry as assessed by ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging
Creators: name: Bercovitz, Ronen
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Obstetrics (Pregnancy / birth / postnatal period)
subject: Paediatric
subject: MR
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Outcomes analysis
subject: Foetus

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Ventriculomegaly (VM), which is defined as atrial widtht > 10 mm, is one of the commonest abnormal findings in prenatal sonographic evaluation of the fetus 1-4 . Vast number of studies tried to delineate the clinical significance of VM; As a...
Symmetry breaking/symmetry preserving circuits and symmetry restoration on quantum computers: A quantum many-body perspective
Creators: name: Lacroix, Denis
name: Guzman, Edgar Andres Ruiz
name: Siwach, Pooja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss here some aspects related to the symmetries of a quantum many-body problem when trying to treat it on a quantum computer. Several features related to symmetry conservation, symmetry breaking, and possible symmetry restoration are reviewed. After briefly discussing some of the standard symmetries relevant for many-particle systems, we discuss the advantage of encoding some symmetries directly in quantum ansätze, especially to reduce the quantum register size. It is, however, well-known that the use of symmetry-breaking states can also be a unique way to incorporate specific internal correlations when a spontaneous symmetry breaking occurs. These aspects are discussed in the quantum computing context. Ultimately, an accurate description of quantum systems can be achieved only when the initially broken symmetries are properly restored. We review several methods explored previously to perform symmetry restoration on a quantum computer, for instance, the ones based on symmetry filtering by quantum phase estimation and by an iterative independent set of Hadamard tests. We propose novel methods that pave the new directions to perform symmetry restoration, like those based on the purification of the state employing the linear combination of unitaries (LCU) approach.
description: Revides version, submitted to Eur. Phys. J. A in the topical issue on "Quantum computing in low-energy nuclear theory"
Neutrino Mixing from CP Symmetry
Creators: name: Chen, Peng
name: Yao, Chang-Yuan
name: Ding, Gui-Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The neutrino mass matrix has remnant CP symmetry expressed in terms of the lepton mixing matrix, and vice versa the remnant CP transformations allow us to reconstruct the mixing matrix. We study the scenario that all the four remnant CP transformations are preserved by the neutrino mass matrix. The most general parameterization of remnant CP transformations is presented. The lepton mixing matrix is completely fixed by the remnant CP, and its explicit form is derived. The necessary and sufficient condition for conserved Dirac CP violating phase is found. If the Klein four flavor symmetry generated by the postulated remnant CP transformations arises from a finite flavor symmetry group, the phenomenologically viable lepton flavor mixing would be the trimaximal pattern, both Dirac CP phase $δ_{CP}$ and Majorana phase $α_{31}$ are either $0$ or $π$ while another Majorana phase $α_{21}$ is a rational multiple of $π$. These general results are confirmed to be true in the case that the finite flavor symmetry group is $Δ(6n^2)$.
description: 18 pages, 2 figures
USIA Poll 1992-I92031: Euro Integration
Creators: name: USIA
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2009

description: Direction of the country (1); trust of people (1); personal freedom (1); people's effect on political decisions (2); democracy (15); international organizations (1); European Community (10); European Market of 1993 (1); opinion of the United States (1); opinion of countries (6); Germany (2); confidence in US in handling world problems (1); immigration and the economy (2); rights of minority groups (6); opinion of certain groups (10); current affairs (11); freedom and equality (1); government giving opportunities to its people (1); country as greatest threat to security (2); military aid (1); national security (1); NATO (3); opinion of US military (1); confidence in international organizations (5); political issues (11); economy (4); personal financial situation (3); political involvement (1).
ABC News/Washington Post Poll: New Hampshire Primary
Creators: name: ABC News
name: Washington Post
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2000

description: Vote in 2000 New Hampshire Democratic primary(1) vote in 2000 Republican NH primary(1) voting intention in primary(2) 2000 presidential election(1) 2000 NH Democratic presidential primary(2) 2000 NH Republican presidential primary(3) satisfaction of political parties presidential candidates(2) watch presidential primary debates(1) most important issue in election(1) characteristics of Bush(12) characteristics of McCain(12) characteristics of Gore(12) characteristics of Bradley(12) candidate best able to handle issues(4) Bush able to cut taxes and balance budget(1) big new ideas vs. taking small steps(1)
ABC News/Washington Post Poll: February Monthly II: 2000 Presidential Election Candidates
Creators: name: ABC News
name: Washington Post
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2002

description: Bill Clinton job performance (1); 2000 Presidential election (2); Al Gore vs. George W. Bush (3); Al Gore vs. John McCain (2); impressions of candidates (5); economy (1); George W. Bush (15); Al Gore (14); John McCain (14); presidential priority issues (1).
Proyecto Puentes de Salud: Implementation of Cardiovascular Screening in Rural Mexico Program and Evaluation Plan
Creators: name: Snyder, Trista
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: According to the World Health Organization, approximately 17.5 million people died of cardiovascular disease in 2005. In Mexico, heart disease has steadily been increasing over the past 30 years to become the leading cause of death in the country. Because the burden of disease is high for Coronary Heart Disease (CHD), the progression is slow and preventable, treatment is effective, and the detection tools are cheap and accurate, both the National Cholesterol Education Program and the United States Preventive Services Task Force have recommended cholesterol screening in the adult population. In particular, rural Mexican communities suffer from an identical CHD disease burden compared to the national average, yet farming communities may have less access to care to prevent and treat the disease; 75% of physicians in Mexico are located in sixteen urban areas. For this reason, Proyecto Puentes de Salud (PPS) has conducted cardiovascular and associated risk factor screening in the rural farming communities of Juventino Rosas, Mexico for the past two years. Thus far, PPS planners have not examined the program screening implementation to determine if the current methods are the most effective means to achieve the program’s objectives. Therefore, this paper is a program plan and evaluation manuscript directed at appraising PPS’s cardiovascular screening implementation in more depth.
title: Reducing beam hardening artifact by monochromatic images with CT spectral image comparison with traditional polychromatic X-ray imaging: quantitative study in phantom
Creators: name: Qian, Xiaojun
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Radiation physics
subject: CT-Quantitative
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Artifacts

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Computed tomography (CT) number is a calculated value reflecting the X-ray attenuation coefficient of a voxel, generally expressed in Hounsfield units (Hu), where the CT number of water is 0 H and that of air is - 1000 Hu. The CT number is not...
Exact Anisotropic Solutions of the Generalized TOV Equation
Creators: name: Riazi, Nematollah
name: Hashemi, S. Sedigheh
name: Sajadi, S. Naseh
name: Assyaee, S. Shahrokh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore gravitating relativistic spheres composed of an anisotropic, barotropic uid. We assume a bi-polytropic equation of state which has a linear and a power-law terms. The generalized Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff (TOV) equation which describes the hydrostatic equilibrium is obtained. The full system of equations are solved for solutions which are regular at the origin and asymptotically flat. Conditions for the appearance of horizon and a basic treatment of stability are also discussed.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures
Multimode theory of electron hole transverse instability
Creators: name: Chen, Xiang
name: Hutchinson, I H
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Vlasov-Poisson 3-D linear stability analysis of an initially planar electron hole structure, solving for the distribution function by integration along unperturbed orbits. The non-sinusoidal potential perturbation shape (parallel to $B$) is expanded in eigenfunctions of the adiabatic Poisson operator, generalizing the prior assumption of a rigid shift of the equilibrium. We show that the shiftmode is then modified by a second discrete mode plus an integral over a continuum of wave-like modes. A rigorous treatment shows that the continuum can be approximated effectively by a single mode that satisfies the external wave dispersion relation, thus making the perturbation a weighted sum of three modes. We find numerically the solution for the complex instability frequency, and the corresponding three mode amplitudes determining the perturbation eigenmode. This multimode analysis refines the accuracy of the prior single mode results, giving slightly higher growth rates at most parameters, as expected from the extra mode shape freedom. Oscillating modes near stability boundaries have larger mode distortions which help explain PIC simulations that observe instability up to $\sim20$\% beyond the prior shiftmode thresholds, and narrowing of the perturbation. At high magnetic field, the multimode analysis predicts a reduction of the already small growth rate.
title: Contributions of Imaging Examinations in the Diagnosis of the von Recklinghausen Disease
Creators: name: Georgescu, Aristida
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Genetic defects
subject: Congenital
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: MR
subject: Elastography
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: Soft tissues / Skin
subject: Neuroradiology peripheral nerve
subject: Neuroradiology brain

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The objectives of this paper are to illustrate significant aspects of the imaging diagnosis of the Neurofibromatosis of type 1 (NF1)– the von Recklinghausen disease and to highlightthe importance of the correlation of its clinical signs with the...
title: Ανάπτυξη μαθησιακών εμπειριών με την αξιοποίηση της Επαυξημένης Πραγματικότητας στην προσχολική εκπαίδευση
title: Developing learning experiences using Augmented Reality in Early Childhood Education
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Παπαδοπούλου, Ζαχαρένια
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2023
Subjects: Επαυξημένη Πραγματικότητα
BlippAR
ΤΠΕ
Προσχολική Εκπαίδευση
Ιστορία
Μελέτη Περίπτωσης

description: Η τεχνολογική ενσωμάτωση στην προσχολική εκπαίδευση αποτελεί μια από τις προσπάθειες για την βελτίωση των εκπαιδευτικών πρακτικών, αλλά και μια σημαντική πρόκληση που υπαγορεύει η σύγχρονη εποχή. Η καινοτομία που παρουσιάζει τεχνολογία της Επαυξημένης Πραγματικότητας- ΕΠ (Augmented Reality- AR), κερδίζει όλο και περισσότερο έδαφος στον χώρο της Εκπαίδευσης. Η επισκόπηση και η μελέτη προηγούμενων ερευνών έχουν επιβεβαιώσει, πως η αναδυόμενη αυτή τεχνολογία ανοίγει νέες ευκαιρίες για έναν αποτελεσματικό και πολυαισθητηριακό τρόπο μάθησης που δύναται να αντισταθμίσει τις αδυναμίες του παραδοσιακού τρόπου διδασκαλίας, γεφυρώνοντας τον πραγματικό με τον εικονικό κόσμο. Ωστόσο, διαπιστώθηκε το μεγάλο έλλειμα σχετικά με την συμβολή της ΕΠ για την προσχολική εκπαίδευση και πιο συγκεκριμένα για το γνωστικό αντικείμενο της Ιστορίας, ένα απαιτητικό περιεχόμενο, που συναντά ιδιαίτερη διαχείριση σε αυτή την εκπαιδευτική βαθμίδα. Σκοπός της παρούσας εργασίας είναι να παραχθούν σημαντικές κατευθυντήριες γραμμές και να συνεισφέρει με τον σχεδιασμό, την ανάπτυξη και την χρήση μιας εκπαιδευτικής εφαρμογής ΕΠ για την διδασκαλία του γνωστικού αντικειμένου της Ιστορίας στην προσχολική εκπαίδευση, ώστε να διερευνηθούν οι επιδράσεις της στη διαδικασία της μάθησης, αλλά και στην ενίσχυση των δεξιοτήτων για τους μαθητές. Η μεθοδολογία της έρευνας βασίζεται στην διεξαγωγή μιας ποιοτικής έρευνας και σαν μέθοδος χρησιμοποιείται η μελέτη περίπτωσης, όπου συμμετέχουν δέκα μαθητές τυπικής και μη τυπικής ανάπτυξης (4 έως 6 ετών), ιδιωτικού Νηπιαγωγείου της Θεσσαλονίκης. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, διεξάγεται μια διδακτική παρέμβαση, όπου η αποτελεσματικότητα των δραστηριοτήτων αξιολογήθηκε μέσω του τριγωνισμού της βιντεοσκόπησης, της παρατήρησης και των ερωτηματολογίων για την διερεύνηση του βαθμού εμπλοκής, της κατανόησης του γνωστικού αντικειμένου και της συναισθηματικής ικανοποίησης των μαθητών υπό την χρήση της εφαρμογής ΕΠ. Τα ποσοτικά δεδομένα συνεκτιμήθηκαν με τα ποιοτικά και έδειξαν πως οι μαθητές υιοθέτησαν μια θετική στάση απέναντι στην τεχνολογία της ΕΠ, συμμετέχοντας ενεργά και με ενθουσιασμό, ενώ παράλληλα αγκάλιασαν το ιστορικό περιεχόμενο επιτυγχάνοντας τους μαθησιακούς στόχους, κατακτώντας γνωστικές και αναπτυξιακές δεξιότητες. Συμπερασματικά, διαπιστώθηκε η θετική επίδραση της τεχνολογίας Επαυξημένης Πραγματικότητας για τους μαθητές προσχολικής ηλικίας. Μπορεί να αποτελέσει ένα ισχυρό εργαλείο που να συντηρεί το ενδιαφέρον των μαθητών κατά την διάρκεια της μαθησιακής διαδικασίας ενισχύοντας αποτελεσματικά την εκπαιδευτική εφαρμογή.
Emergence of group hierarchy
Creators: name: Deffuant, Guillaume
name: Roubin, Thibaut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider an opinion dynamics model where, during random pair interactions, each agent modifies her opinions about both agents of the random pair and also about some other agents, chosen randomly. Moreover, each agent belongs to a single group and the opinions within the group are attracted to their average. In simulations starting from neutral opinions, we observe the emergence of a group hierarchy. We derive a moment approximation that provides equations ruling the evolution of the average opinion of agents in a group about the agents of another group. This approximation explains how the group hierarchy emerges.
title: Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL) results aren’t improving. What can Radiographers do to improve outcomes with better kidney stone fragmentation
Creators: name: Hayes, James
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Lithotripsy
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Kidney
subject: Abdomen
subject: Calcifications / Calculi

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: There are pressures to reduce total shock numbers to reduce renal and other organ damage [1].This in vitro study looks at the influence of air bubbles existing at the interface between the shock wave source and the patient skin. Can the diligent...
Carbonated Soft Drinks and Diabetic Retinopathy - Are there Any Effects?
Creators: name: O'Neal, Dennis A., OD
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: The purpose of this study is to test whether or not drinking moderate quantities of carbonated soft drinks has any effects on diabetic retinopathy in patients with Insulin-dependent diabetes Mellitus. Based on personal observations, diabetic retinopathy, especially if accompanied with diabetic macular edema, seems to improve when discontinuing moderate quantities of carbonated soft drinks. Therefore it was hypothesized that carbonated beverage consumption may have an adverse effect on patients with diabetic retinopathy, specifically those with diabetic macular edema.
High-speed high-resolution optical correlation-domain reflectometry without using electrical spectrum analyzer
Creators: name: Zhu, Guangtao
name: Miyamae, Tomoya
name: Noda, Kohei
name: Lee, Heeyoung
name: Nakamura, Kentaro
name: Mizuno, Yosuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a newly configured optical correlation-domain reflectometry (OCDR) without the use of an electrical spectrum analyzer (ESA) for high-speed distributed reflectivity measurement with an enhanced spatial resolution. First, the operation of ESA-free OCDR is analyzed by numerical simulation, the results of which show the potential of the configuration to perform distributed reflectivity measurement with an improved spatial resolution. Subsequently, the simulation results are verified by comparison experiments, where distributed reflectivity measurements along a 32-m-long single-mode fiber joint with multiple connectors are performed using both conventional (with averaging) and ESA-free OCDR configurations (without averaging) at a repetition rate of 100 Hz. The widths of the reflectivity peaks experimentally obtained by the conventional and ESA-free OCDR configurations are 22.9 cm and 7.0 cm, respectively. Finally, we experimentally evaluated the performance of the ESA-free OCDR at higher repetition rates, achieving 6.3-cm spatial resolution at a repetition rate of 1 kHz. This result indicates that the ESA-free OCDR can perform a distributed reflectivity measurement with an improved spatial resolution at a higher operation speed than ever.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures
title: Can MRI be a surrogate marker of liver fibrosis? Correlation between fibrosis grades with ADC and liver-muscle enhancement ratio using hepatobiliary phase on Gd-DTPA enhanced MRI at 1.5T
Creators: name: Harada, Taiyou
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Background Liver fibrosis is a reaction of hepatocyte to chronic inflammation and finally liver develops into cirrhosis. Therefore,Early detection of fibrosis is important to prevent development into cirrhosis, because cirrhosis is irreversible....
Identification of target system operations. 2. Determination of the value of the complex costs of the target operation
Creators: name: Lutsenko, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 74P

description: Currently, the increase in financial returns from economic operations is constrained in view of the lack of a single efficiency criterion, which allows uniquely identify the business operation by their main feature - the possibility of obtaining the maximum value added (profit). One of the main scientific steps on the way to obtaining the formula of efficiency is developing the "resource intensity" indicator. The development of this indicator was based on the model of the deployed operation and determination of the time of the actual completion of the target operation, which does not coincide with the traditional notion of the time of completion of economic operations. For processes with distributed parameters, an expression for determining the resource intensity using numerical methods was derived. For economic operations, which can be reduced to simple operations, an analytical expression of resource intensity was obtained. Using mathematical modeling methods it was revealed that in the case of a fixed value of expert (cost) estimate of output products of the operation, the minimum resource intensity of the operation indicates a maximum efficiency operation with respect to the target product of the operation. Development of the resource intensity of economic operations is the final step towards the development of cybernetic (interdisciplinary) efficiency indicator that allows to maximize the value added (profit) of economic operations.
description: 6 pages, 9 figures
title: Limitation of virtual unenhanced CT image in post-TACE imaging: influence of lipiodol and iodine concentration and scanning parameter on their subtraction in virtual unenhanced CT image - a phantom study
Creators: name: Heo, Taeyeong
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Liver
subject: Experimental
subject: Computer Applications-Virtual imaging
subject: Cancer

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Dual-energy CT (DECT) provides more information than single energy CT, by simultaneous scanning of a patient with two different tube potentials. The basic concept of DECT is that application of two different tube potentials provides two different...
Assessing, testing and estimating the amount of fine-tuning by means of active information
Creators: name: Díaz-Pachón, Daniel Andrés
name: Hössjer, Ola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 94A15 94A17 60J10 69J70

description: A general framework is introduced to estimate how much external information has been infused into a search algorithm, the so-called active information. This is rephrased as a test of fine-tuning, where tuning corresponds to the amount of pre-specified knowledge that the algorithm makes use of in order to reach a certain target. A function $f$ quantifies specificity for each possible outcome $x$ of a search, so that the target of the algorithm is a set of highly specified states, whereas fine-tuning occurs if it is much more likely for the algorithm to reach the target than by chance. The distribution of a random outcome $X$ of the algorithm involves a parameter $θ$ that quantifies how much background information that has been infused. A simple choice of this parameter is to use $θf$ in order to exponentially tilt the distribution of the outcome of the search algorithm under the null distribution of no tuning, so that an exponential family of distributions is obtained. Such algorithms are obtained by iterating a Metropolis-Hastings type of Markov chain, and this makes it possible to compute the their active information under equilibrium and non-equilibrium of the Markov chain, with or without stopping when the targeted set of fine-tuned states has been reached. Other choices of tuning parameters $θ$ are discussed as well. Nonparametric and parametric estimators of active information and tests of fine-tuning are developed when repeated and independent outcomes of the algorithm are available. The theory is illustrated with examples from cosmology, student learning, reinforcement learning, a Moran type model of population genetics, and evolutionary programming.
description: 28 pages, 3 figures
Spanish Childbirth Education: A Program Plan and Evaluation
Creators: name: Drostin, Christina
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Organized and structured childbirth education classes have been offered to women in the USA for more than 60 years. This service provides valuable health education for a life experience that is monumental for physical, mental and emotional reasons. Not only does childbirth education prepare women for childbirth, it also assists women with learning about and accessing important health services during the perinatal period. The growing number of Spanish-speaking women in the USA presents a unique challenge with regards to providing childbirth education. Not only do these women need language-appropriate services, but this group also has the highest fertility rate in the nation. These challenges, coupled with the fact that some of these women are undocumented immigrants, have led to a situation where Spanish childbirth education classes are rare and often unavailable outside of urban areas. This paper presents a childbirth education tool that addresses the needs of Spanish-speaking immigrant women in the USA. The following program plan and program evaluation are literature and theory-based and serve as a pilot program to be implemented in a rural community health center.
title: Breast tuberculosis: radiology spectrum with clinical correlation - a retrospective analysis of 65 patients
Creators: name: Ramaema, Dibuseng
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Mammography
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Treatment effects
subject: Infection
subject: Inflammation

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Purpose: Introduction: It is estimated that over 1 billion people worldwide have tuberculosis (TB) [1]. However, breast tuberculosis (BTB) is a rare condition. The incidence is quoted as less than 0.1% of all surgical breast lesions seen in...
Topology-faithful nonparametric estimation and tracking of bulk interface networks
Creators: name: Maddali, Siddharth
name: Ta'asan, Shlomo
name: Suter, Robert M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The main focus of this paper is a nonparametric filtering technique for the estimation of interface geometry in bulk materials obtainable from modern imaging measurements. The filtering methodology relies on an assumed hierarchy of topological features present in a typical interface network, such as foam interfaces and grain boundary networks in polycrystalline materials. Each type of topological feature is treated in order of rank in the hierarchy, with the lower-level feature being filtered subject to the positional constraints imposed by the higher-level features. Such a scheme is an alternative to existing surface smoothing/estimation techniques in microstructural materials science, in which the explicit treatment of different elements of the network topology is absent, or at best arbitrarily parameterized. We describe the ramifications of this technique in the usual microstructural applications in which the computation of important physical quantities is predicated on the precise estimation of the interface features. As an additional application, we describe a novel front-tracking algorithm for quantifying the transport of such interfaces.
description: Accepted for publication in Computational Materials Science (33 pages, 13 figures)
Global and local conservation of mass, momentum and kinetic energy in the simulation of compressible flow
Creators: name: Coppola, Gennaro
name: Veldman, Arthur E. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spatial discretization of convective terms in compressible flow equations is studied from an abstract viewpoint, for finite-difference methods and finite-volume type formulations with cell-centered numerical fluxes. General conditions are sought for the local and global conservation of primary (mass and momentum) and secondary (kinetic energy) invariants on Cartesian meshes. The analysis, based on a matrix approach, shows that sharp criteria for global and local conservation can be obtained and that in many cases these two concepts are equivalent. Explicit numerical fluxes are derived in all finite-difference formulations for which global conservation is guaranteed, even for non-uniform Cartesian meshes. The treatment reveals also an intimate relation between conservative finite-difference formulations and cell-centered finite-volume type approaches. This analogy suggests the design of wider classes of finite-difference discretizations locally preserving primary and secondary invariants.
What it Means to "Maintain" Biodiversity in our Coastal Marine Environment
Creators: name: Urlich, S.
name: Thrush, S.F.
name: Hewitt, J.E.
name: Jorgensen, E.
Publisher: name: NIWA-hosted NSCs: Deep South and Sustainable Seas National Science Challenges
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 410401
subject: Conservation and biodiversity

description: The Convention of Biological Diversity (CBD) is fundamental to protecting and maintaining life on Earth. It arose out of the Rio Earth Summit in 1992. The global community affirmed the importance of biological diversity (“biodiversity”) for its own intrinsic value and for humanity's sustainable use. The CBD defined biodiversity (at art 2) as: “[T]he variability among living organisms from all sources including, inter alia, terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are part: this includes diversity within species, between species and of ecosystems.” The Resource Management Act 1991 (RMA) and the The New Zealand Biodiversity Strategy (February 2000) (NZBS) have similar definitions, but the Fisheries Act 1996 omitted the ecological complexes component. In part one, we identified that this inconsistency in statutory definitions is an important factor contributing to the unfolding biodiversity crisis in the marine environment. In this article, we focus on the definition of ecological complexes, and their crucial importance in maintaining biodiversity and ecological function, which are inextricably linked. This is because biodiversity is much broader than just the variety of life. We also consider the importance and necessity of intact ecological complexes for safeguarding the life-supporting capacity of ecosystems, and the abundant services that healthy ecosystems provide.
title: MR diagnosis and diagnostic yield of CT-guided biopsy for infectious spondylodiscitis in 97 consecutive patients
Creators: name: Parczyk, Nadiya
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Biopsy
subject: Infection

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Spinal infections comprise vertebral osteomyeltis, spondylitis, and discitis. Pyogenic, granulomatose and parasitic forms of spinal infections can be distinguished etiologically. Spondylodiscitis is a rare inflammatory disease of the bony spine...
Ageing and Quenching through the ageing diagram: predictions from simulations and observational constraints
Creators: name: Corcho-Caballero, Pablo
name: Ascasibar, Yago
name: Sánchez, Sebastián F.
name: López-Sánchez, Ángel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study recent changes on the star formation history (SFH) of galaxies by means of the ageing diagram (AD), tracing the fraction of stars formed during the last $\sim 20$ Myr through the equivalent width of the H$α$ line and $\sim 1-3$ Gyr through the dust-corrected optical colour $(g-r)_0$ or the Balmer break. We provide a physical characterization by using Pipe3D estimates of the SFH of CALIFA and MaNGA galaxies, in combination with the predictions from IllustrisTNG-100. Our results show that the AD may be divided into four domains that correlate with the stellar mass fractions formed in the last 20 Myr and 3 Gyr: Ageing systems, whose SFR changes on scales of several Gyr, account for $70-80\%$ of the galaxy population. Objects whose SFH was abruptly truncated in the last $\sim 1$ Gyr arrange along a detached Quenched sequence that represents $\sim 5-10\%$ by (volume-corrected) number for $10^9 < M_*/{\rm M_\odot} < 10^{12}$. Undetermined systems represent an intermediate population between the Ageing and Quenched regimes. Finally, Retired galaxies, dominated by old stellar populations, are located at the region in the AD where the Ageing and Quenched sequences converge. Defining different star formation activity levels in terms of the birth rate parameter $b\equiv \frac{SFR}{\langle SFR \rangle}$, we find that galaxies transit from the Ageing to Quenched sequences on scales $\sim 500$ Myr. We conclude that the ageing diagram provides a useful tool to discern recently Quenched galaxies from the dominant Ageing population.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Effect of strain on tunneling time in graphene magnetic barrier
Creators: name: Fattasse, Youssef
name: Mekkaoui, Miloud
name: Jellal, Ahmed
name: Bahaoui, Abdelhadi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We solve the Dirac equation in three regions of graphene to get the solutions of the energy spectrum in connection to the strain, energy gap, and magnetic field. The Goos-Hänchen shifts and group delay time will be obtained by applying the stationary phase approximation after the wave functions at the interfaces have been matched. Our results suggest that the group delay time is influenced by the presence of strain along the armchair and zigzag directions. We show that the gate voltage and strain have the ability to change the group delay from subluminality to superluminality. This may have significant uses in high-speed graphene-based nanoelectronics.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
A Machine Learning Approach to Predict Missing Flux Densities in Multi-band Galaxy Surveys
Creators: name: Chartab, Nima
name: Mobasher, Bahram
name: Cooray, Asantha
name: Hemmati, Shoubaneh
name: Sattari, Zahra
name: Ferguson, Henry C.
name: Sanders, David B.
name: Weaver, John R.
name: Stern, Daniel
name: McCracken, Henry J.
name: Masters, Daniel C.
name: Toft, Sune
name: Capak, Peter L.
name: Davidzon, Iary
name: Dickinson, Mark
name: Rhodes, Jason
name: Moneti, Andrea
name: Ilbert, Olivier
name: Zalesky, Lukas
name: McPartland, Conor
name: Szapudi, Istvan
name: Koekemoer, Anton M.
name: Teplitz, Harry I.
name: Giavalisco, Mauro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new method based on information theory to find the optimal number of bands required to measure the physical properties of galaxies with a desired accuracy. As a proof of concept, using the recently updated COSMOS catalog (COSMOS2020), we identify the most relevant wavebands for measuring the physical properties of galaxies in a Hawaii Two-0 (H20)- and UVISTA-like survey for a sample of $i<25$ AB mag galaxies. We find that with available $i$-band fluxes, $r$, $u$, IRAC/$ch2$ and $z$ bands provide most of the information regarding the redshift with importance decreasing from $r$-band to $z$-band. We also find that for the same sample, IRAC/$ch2$, $Y$, $r$ and $u$ bands are the most relevant bands in stellar mass measurements with decreasing order of importance. Investigating the inter-correlation between the bands, we train a model to predict UVISTA observations in near-IR from H20-like observations. We find that magnitudes in $YJH$ bands can be simulated/predicted with an accuracy of $1σ$ mag scatter $\lesssim 0.2$ for galaxies brighter than 24 AB mag in near-IR bands. One should note that these conclusions depend on the selection criteria of the sample. For any new sample of galaxies with a different selection, these results should be remeasured. Our results suggest that in the presence of a limited number of bands, a machine learning model trained over the population of observed galaxies with extensive spectral coverage outperforms template-fitting. Such a machine learning model maximally comprises the information acquired over available extensive surveys and breaks degeneracies in the parameter space of template-fitting inevitable in the presence of a few bands.
description: 15 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
title: Spinal damage predicts short-term outcome in multiple sclerosis relapse with motor disorders
Creators: name: Morozova, Sofya
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: CNS
subject: Head and neck
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: MR-Functional imaging
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Physiological studies
subject: Outcomes
subject: Cerebral palsy
subject: Inflammation

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Existing possibility of spontaneous clinical recovery or irreversible disability formation after the multiple sclerosis (MS) relapse determines the importance of imaging recovery markers investigation during the acute period. Thus the aim of the...
title: Bone scintigraphy in suspected acute scaphoid fracture: selective use of integrated single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) reduces the "equivocal" rate
Creators: name: Bretsztajn, Laure
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear medicine
subject: Trauma
subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: SPECT-CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Trauma

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Suspected acute scaphoid injuries account for an important proportion of visits to the emergency department worldwide [1,2]. Whilst plain radiographs remain the initial investigation of choice for patients presenting with a potential acute scaphoid...
Bak-Sneppen Backwards
Creators: name: Alberts, Tom
name: Lee, Ga Yeong
name: Simper, Mackenzie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J05 (Primary), 92D15 (Secondary)

description: We study the backwards Markov chain for the Bak-Sneppen model of biological evolution and derive its corresponding reversibility equations. We show that, in contrast to the forwards Markov chain, the dynamics of the backwards chain explicitly involve the stationary distribution of the model, and from this we derive a functional equation that the stationary distribution must satisfy. We use this functional equation to derive differential equations for the stationary distribution of Bak-Sneppen models in which all but one or all but two of the fitnesses are replaced at each step. This gives a unified way of deriving Schlemm's expressions for the stationary distributions of the isotropic four-species model, the isotropic five-species model, and the anisotropic three-species model.
description: 14 pages