cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Reductive Dechlorination of Trichloroethylene (TCE) in Competition with Fe and Mn Oxides—Observed Dynamics in H2-dependent Terminal Electron Accepting Processes
Creators: name: Laiby Paul
name: Jakobsen, Rasmus
name: Smolders, Erik
name: Hans-Jørgen Albrechtsen
name: Bjerg, Poul L.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The determination of hydrogen (H2) concentration together with the products of microbial reduction reactions in a trichloroethylene dechlorinating system is conducted to delineate the ongoing predominant terminal electron accepting processes (TEAP). Formate was used as electron donor and synthetic Fe minerals or environmental samples were used as the substrate. Iron(III) and Mn(IV) reduction limited microbial dechlorination by the mixed anaerobic culture by decreasing the level of H2 in the system. The H2 measurements indicated that the H2 concentration at which different TEAPs occur can overlap and thus these TEAPs can therefore occur concurrently rather than exclusively. Difference in Fe(III) bioavailability and hence, Fe(III) reduction partially explain this wide range. The distinction between dechlorination and other microbial reduction processes based on H2 threshold values is not feasible under such conditions, though there appears to be a relation between the rates of H2 consuming process and the observed H2 level.
From the LHC to Space: Using Timepix Detectors for the Space Environment
Creators: name: Hewitt, Cal
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016

description: LUCID, the Langton Ultimate Cosmic Ray Intensity Detector, is a particle detector experiment, conceived by students at the Simon Langton Grammar School for Boys, using technology developed for use in the LHC. Its goal is to study the radiation environment in Low Earth Orbit, for modelling space weather, estimating the impact of radiation on spacecraft, and the study of galactic cosmic rays. LUCID uses five Timepix chips, silicon pixel detectors which were developed by the Medipix2 Collaboration at CERN, and which have never before been used in open space.

 We present how data from LUCID’s Timepix detectors may be used to deduce the properties of incident particles, and how these results from LUCID have been used to study the regional and temporal change in the environment of energetic particles at 635km above the Earth. We discuss how LUCID’s data can be used in studies of particle transport from the sun, and how solar activity impacts on the particle environment so close to Earth.

 We are planning to tie in LUCID data with data from the TimPix project, which monitors the radiation environment on the ISS as part of the Principia project working with Tim Peake. Schools are showing interest in analysing LUCID data in a similar way to TimPix data, tackling a manageable set first and then moving on to data sets connected with different periods of time connected with different solar activity.
description: This work was supported by the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) via grant numbers ST/J000256/1 and ST/N00101X/1, as well as a Special Award from the Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851.
Spectroscopic analysis of structural and chemical properties of solid thin film lubricants
Creators: name: Thomann, Carl Arne
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optical spectroscopy
subject: Vibrational spectroscopy
subject: Raman spectroscopy analysis
subject: Tribology
subject: Tribo-films
subject: Amorphous carbon
subject: Molybdenum Disulfide
subject: Optical temperature tuning
subject: Chemical modification
subject: 530
subject: Optische Spektroskopie
subject: Festschmierstoff

description: Upon tribological loading, especially at elevated temperatures or in humidity, chemical transitions and structural processes are known to take place in solid thin film lubricants like amorphous carbons (a-C) and molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) and to critically limit their performance. To accommodate those restrictions, a selection of element-modifications is applied on a regular basis. General aim is to analyse structural and chemical properties in a-C and MoS2 thin films. The understanding of those is a prerequisite for the scientific conception around tribo-film formation, which is identified as critical part of the tribological system. For this, Raman microscopy is augmented by a setup for optical temperature tuning via a pulsed laser. This work summarises the Raman-accessible film properties and the changes after element-modification and thermal impact. In a-C studies of optical temperature tuning, two ordering mechanisms are found, which are affected by element-modification. As initial reaction upon heating, graphitic clusters within an amorphous matrix increase in number and, subsequently, in size upon further heating. A Five Stage-model of structural relaxation in a-C is proposed. For MoS2, it is found that the formation of tribo-films is strongly dependent on the working environment, the tribo-film gains temperature resistance over untouched thin film material, and tribo-film formation is affected by element-modification. In studies of optical temperature tuning, an initial ordering process of amorphous MoS2 and subsequent chemical reaction to distinct oxides were found. The results are useful for identification of defect mechanisms and possibly for gauging the status of wear in a-C and MoS2 thin films. Element-modification in a-C with previously unknown effects may now be interpreted within a found Five Stage-model; similarly, the behaviour of MoS2 spectra upon heating can now be evaluated.
Single node energy system model with Power-to-Hydrogen for long-term scenario
Creators: name: Mezzera Francesco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: NEMeSI
Oemof
Energy system model
Power-to-Hydrogen
Power-to-X

description: The presented work is based on the energy system model NEMeSI (National Energy Model for a Sustainable Italy), originally developed by the ReLAB Group of Politecnico di Milano (published at https://zenodo.org/record/2654871#.XoM1q4gzY2w).
 The most promising processes related to hydrogen and hydrogen-based by-products generation and use are implemented in the model, enabling to analyze national energy system in long-term scenario with a single-node spatial resolution. It is based on the open-source modelling framework oemof (see https://oemof.org/).
 This work is licensed under the GNU General Public License v3.0.
 See the GNU General Public License for more details (http://www.gnu.org/licenses/) This version of the model has been developed for the Master thesis work: Francesco Mezzera
 "Development of an energy model to assess the potential role of hydrogen in the Italian energy system in a long-term scenario"
 Politecnico di Milano
 Milan, Italy, 29th April 2020 In the Folder the following files are listed: The SRES_NEMeSI.2.01.pdf file, presenting a picture of the Scheme of Reference Energy System (SRES) implemented in the model. It is divided into two figures to ease the graphic representation, that have to be compared to obtain the complete scheme. The file "NEMeSI.2.01.xlsx", which contains the data for scenario simulation, describing the processes included in the studied energy system and the main data sources and assumptions. The NEMeSI.2.01.py file, that contains the code for building up the model starting from data included in the file "NEMeSI.2.01.xlsx". The file "min_stability_01.py", which provides the constraint that simulates the need for stability of the power system. The file “custom.py”, which includes new customized components implemented in the model. To run the model, the data file must be in the same directory of the NEMeSI.2.01.py file, as well as for the file "min_stability_01.py", while file "custom.py" has to overwrite the existing one in the oemof folder path. The file was developed using the version 0.3.1 of oemof. With subsequent versions it might be necessary to update the name of some oemof variables in the code.
 Once the simulation is complete, the model returns two files in the same folder of NEMeSI.2.01.py file: the "All balance_results.csv" file, containing all the balances calculated by the model and the "emission_results.csv" file, containing the yearly emission calculated by the model The author does not provide any guarantees of the validity of input data and results of the model. No responsibility is taken for issues related to other possible uses.
 The model is open and for any question or suggestion please write at francesco.mezzera@mail.polimi.it
„Die Hannoveraner sprechen exakter!" Eine soziolinguistische Untersuchung in der Stadt Burgdorf (Region Hannover)
Creators: name: Runge, Nina Marie
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Stadtmundart
subject: Regionalsprache
subject: Hannover
subject: Burgdorf
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::400 | Sprache, Linguistik

description: Viele Menschen assoziieren die Stadt Hannover mit einer vermeintlichen Besonderheit: der besten, hochdeutschen Aussprache. Diesem Mythos wird seit 2020 im Rahmen des durch die DFG geförderten Projektes „Die Stadtsprache Hannovers“ nachgegangen. Als Pionierarbeit dient IKENAGAS Studie aus dem Jahr 2018, in der erstmalig die Alltagssprache in Hannover erhoben und dargestellt wird. Die vorliegende Studie weitet das Erhebungsgebiet um die Stadt Burgdorf in der östlichen Region Hannovers aus und ermöglicht einen Vergleich mit den Daten von IKENAGA (2018), auch durch das Aufgreifen weiter Teile der Methodik dieser Arbeit. Erhoben wurde der Anteil des standardkonformen und standarddivergenten Sprachgebrauchs in der Alltagssprache von 32 Burgdorferinnen und Burgdorfern. Die Stichprobe wurde maßgeblich nach den sozialen Variablen Geschlecht, Generation und Bildungsstand zusammengestellt. Die Datenerhebung bestand aus einem Fragebogen sowie einer dreiteiligen Aufgabenstellung. Als Thesen dienten die Annahmen, dass die Personen der jüngeren Generation eine geringere Standarddivergenz als die Älteren aufweisen sowie dass in Burgdorf insgesamt eine höhere Standarddivergenz im Vergleich zu Hannover vorliegt. Letzteres konnte nicht bestätigt werden, da der durchschnittliche Anteil standarddivergenter Äußerungen in Burgdorf mit 42 % kaum vom Ergebnis der Stichprobe aus Hannover (41 %) abweicht. Bei genauerer Betrachtung der erhobenen linguistischen Variablen wurden jedoch Unterschiede sichtbar. Hier wurde in Burgdorf ein höherer Anteil standarddivergenter Aussprachen bei der Hebung von [ɛː] zu [eː] mit durchschnittlich 86 % deutlich. Bei der g-Spirantisierung (4 %) und der ng-Plosivierung (9 %) weisen die Burg-dorferinnen der jüngeren Generation geringere Werte auf als die jüngeren Hannoveranerinnen. Die Vokalkürzung wurde insgesamt in Burgdorf etwas häufiger realisiert. Die Generationszugehörigkeit der Personen hatte einen signifikanten Einfluss auf die Aussprache, wobei die jüngere Generation in Burgdorf seltener standarddivergente Aussprachevarianten nutzt als die ältere Generation. Somit konnte die erste These bestätigt werden. In Hannover hingegen hatten sowohl das Geschlecht als auch die Generationszugehörigkeit der Personen einen Einfluss auf die Häufigkeit der standarddivergenten Aussprachen, insbesondere die jüngeren Frauen zeigten hier einen höheren Anteil als die jüngeren Männer. In Anlehnung an den Titel der Arbeit ließ sich daher im Abschluss dieser Arbeit konstatieren, dass anhand der vorliegenden Daten das Hochdeutsch Hannovers im Durchschnitt mit dem der Kleinstadt Burgdorf vergleichbar ist und somit nicht unbedingt als exakter bezeichnet werden kann.
Increased asphericity of the femoral head-neck junction in professional breakers compared to hobby athletes – a retrospective case-control study
Creators: name: Weinrich, Luise
name: Niemann, Marcel
name: Braun, Karl F.
name: Ahmad, Sufian S.
name: Stöckle, Ulrich
name: Meller, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health

description: Breaking has gained public attention as a form of sports activity. The associated intense movements of the hip joints are possibly linked to the development of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). Therefore, this study aimed to assess clinical and radiographic FAI measures in professional breakers compared to hobby athletes. The study cohort consisted of professional breakers with persisting hip pain who were 1:1 matched to a cohort of FAI patients without professional sports careers from our outpatient clinic. The primary endpoint assessed on standardized plain radiographs was the alpha angle (AA). Further measures were the acetabular index (AI), lateral center-edge angle (LCEA), crossover sign, ischial spine sign, and femoral head extrusion index (FHEI). The modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS) and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score were used to obtain patient-reported measures. We recruited ten professional breakers and matched them to ten hobby athletes. The median AA was significantly higher in the breakers compared with the hobby athletes (73° [IQR 66.5°, 84.2°]) vs. 61.8° [IQR 59.5°, 64.8°], p = 0.0004). There was a significant reduction in weekly training hours in breakers after diagnosis (13.0 hours [interquartile range [IQR] 9.5, 32.4] to 1.5 hours [IQR 0, 4.8], p = 0.0039). There were no inter-group differences regarding mHHS, WOMAC, and additional radiographic measurements. Breakers have higher AA in cam-type FAI compared to nonprofessional athletes. The corresponding hip pain significantly reduced training hours and caused the end of their breaking career. The potentially high prevalence of FAI in breakers and the corresponding consequences need to be considered early when athletes present with hip pain.
Corticosteroid injection of the knee within one month prior to meniscus repair increases the risk of repair failure requiring meniscectomy
Creators: name: Zhang, Douglas
name: Baker, Hayden P.
name: Lee, Cody S.
name: Pathuri, Manish
name: Reddy, Sai
name: Strelzow, Jason
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Meniscal tears are common knee injuries with limited endogenous healing capacity. This study aimed to investigate the association between the timing and administration of preoperative intra-articular corticosteroid injections (CSIs) and the risk of subsequent meniscectomy following meniscus repair. Using a national insurance claims database, patients aged 18–40 years undergoing meniscus repair within six months of tear diagnosis were studied. Patients were categorized based on whether they received preoperative CSIs within three intervals prior to repair. Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze the risk of follow-up meniscectomy while controlling for various patient-related variables. Among 5,390 patients meeting inclusion criteria, 201 received preoperative CSIs. The CSI group was older and had higher rates of diabetes, obesity, and knee osteoarthritis. The overall rate of follow-up meniscectomy did not differ between groups. However, CSIs performed within one month prior to repair were associated with significantly higher odds of subsequent meniscectomy compared to CSIs performed between three and six months prior. Obesity, tobacco use, and knee osteoarthritis were also independently associated with higher risk, while increasing age was associated with lower risk. The study highlights an increased risk of repair failure requiring follow-up meniscectomy for patients receiving intra-articular CSIs within one month prior to meniscus repair. These findings suggest caution when considering CSIs as a treatment option for patients scheduled for meniscus repair. Further research is needed to establish optimal timing guidelines for CSIs in relation to meniscus repair and to understand the underlying mechanisms.
Methane flux heterogeinity and driving mechanisms in wetlands ecosystems
Creators: name: Okiti, Isaac
name: Arias Ortiz, Ariane
name: Shortt, Robert
name: Gamez, Eudardo
name: Delwiche, Kyle
name: Wang, Carlos
name: Ahmadi, Arman
name: Yi, Koong
name: Yildiz, Kadir
name: Baldocchi, Dennis
name: Tizabi, Daniela
name: Oikawa, Patty
name: Szutu, Daphne
name: Verfaillie, Joseph
name: Pindus, Mihkel
name: Kasak, Kuno
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Wetlands are significant contributors to global methane (CH4) emissions, a critical factor in climate change. However, the spatial heterogeneity of CH4 fluxes and the driving mechanisms within these wetland ecosystems remains largely unexplored. This study examines the heterogeneity of CH4 emissions from two wetland types: a constructed wetland designed for treating agricultural runoff and a peatland site that was abandoned in 1999 when mining activities stopped. However, restoration work began two years ago. Utilizing LI-7810 trace gas analyzer with closed chambers, we quantified the fluxes of CH4 in both wetlands, revealing significant variations from gas measurement points. In the constructed wetland, biweekly measurements from twelve distinct points revealed significant heterogeneity in methane fluxes, with peak emissions ranging from 6000 μg m-2 h-1  to 106000 μg m-2 h-1 observed from specific gas measurement points. This heterogeneity was predominantly influenced by differences in ebullition fluxes, and environmental factors, which include water level depth, temperature, and leaf area index. In contrast, the re-wetted peatland showed a lower range of CH4 emissions (4 μg m-2 h-1 to 1444 μg m-2 h-1) observed from six measurement points. These findings highlight the complex nature of methane flux heterogeneity in wetlands and the critical need for site-specific management strategies. Accurately quantifying and understanding these variations is essential for refining methane budgets and developing effective mitigation strategies for greenhouse gas emissions from wetland ecosystems.
Kampala INSPIRE Hackathon 2020
Creators: name: Suchith Anand
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2020

description: The goal of the Kampala INSPIRE Hackathon 2020 is to continue to build and strengthen relationships between several EU projects and African communities that started in 2019 with the Nairobi INSPIRE hackathon. This was one of our most successful hackathons with more than 200 participants representing 26 African countries. The INSPIRE hackathons are a process with the main focus on building relationships, making rapid developments, and collecting ideas for future research and innovation.
Interventions that support novice nurses' transition into practice: A realist review
Creators: name: Melissant, Heleen C.
name: Hendriks, Rick R. A.
name: Bakker, Ellen
name: Kox, Jos
name: Rietveld, Natasja
name: Miedema, Harald S
name: Roelofs, Pepijn D. D. M.
name: Verhaegh, Kim J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 420505
subject: Nursing workforce
classificationCode: 420599
subject: Nursing not elsewhere classified

description: Background: Many transition-to-practice programs have been developed to support novice nurses during their first years into practice. These programs report improvements in retention, wellbeing and clinical competence, but the driving mechanisms of these interventions remain largely unclear. Objective: To identify how transition-to-practice programs for novice nurses work and in what contexts they work successfully. Methods: A realist reviewwas conducted. Eligibility criteria included intervention studies aimed at novice nurses in their first two years of practice that reported outcomes on organizational or individual nurse level. The underlying theory of included transition-to-practice programs was extracted, and relevant contextual factors, mechanisms and outcomes were explored and synthesized into context-mechanism-outcome (CMO) configurations. The search was limited to studies between 2000 and 2023. Results: A total of 32 studies were included, evaluating 30 different transition-to-practice programs with a wide range of intervention components including stress management, clinical education, professional and peer support, and ward rotations. Transition-to-practice programs were often designed without a theoretical foundation. Driving mechanisms behind the programs pertained to psychological, professional, and social development. Contextual factors that activated the mechanismswere enabling conditions for mentors and novice nurses, selection and motivation of novice nurses and organizational culture. Conclusions: Current transition-to-practice programs primarily focus on the individual and professional development of nurses. However, transition to practice can benefit from a systemic approach that includes development initiatives on the organizational level.
Harvard School of Public Health: December 2004 SARS Quarantine Survey
Creators: name: Harvard T.H. Chan School Of Public Health
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2020

description: Worry that someone in immediate family may get sick from various illnesses (8); heard/read about anyone being quarantined in country/region during past two years (1); effectiveness of quarantine (1); respondent has/has not been quarantined in past two years (2); have friends/family members who have been quarantined in past two years (2); favor/oppose various steps government could take to control spread of contagious disease (6); worn mask in public to protect against illness in past two years (1); favor/oppose various methods of monitoring quarantined people (5); prefer to have family members quarantined at home/separate facility (1); prefer to be quarantined at home/separate facility (2); worry about infecting family members if quarantined at home (1); various concerns about being quarantined in special health care facility (9); trust in various sources of information about contagious disease outbreak (5); health care worker (1).
title: TEMPORALITIES IN ETHNOGRAPHIC FIELDWORK: DEALING WITH PAST AND FUTURE IN THE EUROPEAN CRISIS
Creators: name: Knight, Daniel
name: Krause, Elizabeth
name: Narotzky, Susana E
name: Kalo, Sofia
name: Maraj Grahame, Alyssa
name: Finley, Eleanor Marie
name: Bressan, Massimo
name: Pine, Frances
name: Krause, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: The panel addresses the theme of the “familiar/strange” from the spatial and temporal perspectives as it emerges in crisisridden Europe. Many people in Europe had incorporated the expectations of economic growth and welfare as the political expression of a postWorld War II expansion of citizenship entitlements superseding violent confrontation between nations and classes. The aftermath of the 2008 financial crisis and the intensification of structural adjustment policies have resulted in an ambivalent understanding of the present experience. While some perceive it as a breakdown of political, social and economic promises and expectations, stressing the “strangeness” of the new situation, others perceive it as the continuation of past relationships that have never disappeared, stressing their “familiarity.” The latter may refer to the memories of past job loss, national humiliation, repression, corruption, etc. This panel focuses on the temporalities of the crisis. Presenters explore the modes in which the past and the future are interpreted and used in order to make sense of continuity and change, and as discursive weapons by European social actors in the wake of the crisis. Particular practices of resilience or accommodation are often justified in terms of remembrance of “familiar” past events and actions. Conversely, some forms of mobilization and social creativity stress their total rupture with past political practices and present themselves as exclusively oriented toward a future, willfully different. Often we observe this happening simultaneously. How can we understand these tensions? What structural and lived incoherencies are they pointing at? This panel also seeks to address ethnographic encounters as they select to stress one or the other of these realities. It poses reflexivity at the center of the understanding of crisis in Europe. Why do we choose to focus on the “familiar” or the “strange” aspects of people’s practices and discourses? Why do our informants and collaborators choose to underscore breakdown or continuity? Is it a matter of methodological choice on our part or of ideological positioning on theirs? Or is it, rather, the inescapable presence of historical facts? As we penetrate the spaces of crisis through the concrete ethnographic experience we are driven to embrace the logics and reasons of the people we share our lives with, for the time being. How do we need to negotiate them as we pause to analyze and explain?
Multiscale Prediction of Whirling Disease Risk in the Blackfoot River Basin, Montana: a Useful Consideration for Restoration Prioritization?
Creators: name: L. A. Eby
name: R. Pierce
name: M. Sparks
name: K. Carim
name: C. Podner
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Microbiology

description: Habitat restoration for inland trout (family Salmonidae) is common across western North America, but planners rarely consider disease risk when prioritizing restoration sites. Whirling disease is a parasitic infection caused by the invasive myxosporean parasite Myxobolus cerebralis and has been implicated in declines of wild trout populations across western North America. For planners to consider disease, disease risk needs to be predictable across the landscape and influence restoration outcomes. We collated the history of whirling disease infection severity scores on the MacConnell–Baldwin scale from sentinel cage studies for hatchery Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss in the Blackfoot River basin from 1998 to 2009. At these same sites, we performed reach-scale geomorphic assessments, derived landscape variables from GIS data layers, and assembled fish composition data. We examined relationships between the severity of infection and several landscape-scale and reach-scale variables for 13 basin-fed streams in the Blackfoot River basin of west-central Montana using classification and regression tree analyses. In our data set, valley slope and forest cover were the best predictors of fine sediment. Both spring creeks and gently sloping alluvial basin-fed tributaries to the Blackfoot River basin with higher proportions of fine sediment (particle size < 0.85 mm) were associated with a high severity (≥ grade 3) of infection. Additionally, we explored differences in trout species composition (i.e., susceptible versus resistant species) before and after the whirling disease enzootic using seven basin-fed streams and two spring creeks. We did not detect trout community shifts from susceptible to disease-resistant salmonids in basin-fed disease-positive streams. However, spring creeks showed a negative trend in disease-susceptible salmonids after the whirling disease enzootic. Disease risk appears to be predictable across the landscape and may limit possible restoration outcomes by influencing species composition in spring creeks.Received December 20, 2013; accepted March 16, 2015
Lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated lncRNA DLX6-AS1 knockdown ameliorates cerebral ischemic injury via the Nrf2/HO-1/NLRP3 axis
Creators: name: Song, Chang
name: Li, Yan
name: Han, Huiying
name: Zhang, Yueyue
name: Wang, Ning
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Cerebral ischemia is a neurological disorder that leads to permanent disability. This research focuses on exploring the ameliorative effects of lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-encapsulated lncRNA DLX6-AS1 knockdown in cerebral ischemic injury via the Nrf2/HO-1/NLRP3 axis. LNP-encapsulated lncRNA DLX6-AS1 was prepared. Cerebral ischemic injury mouse models were established utilizing middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The mice were treated by intravenous injection of LNP-encapsulated lncRNA DLX6-AS1. The neurological deficits, Inflammatory factor levels, pathological characteristics were observed. In vitro N2a cell oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) models were established, and the cells were treated with LNP-encapsulated lncRNA DLX6-AS1 or Nrf2 inhibitor (ML385). Cell viability and apoptosis were tested. DLX6-AS1, Nrf2, HO-1, and NLRP3 expression levels were assessed. LncRNA DLX6-AS1 levels were elevated in the brain tissues of mice with cerebral ischemic injury and OGD-induced N2a cells. LNP-encapsulated DLX6-AS1 siRNA (si-DLX6-AS1) improved neurological deficit scores, reduced the levels of inflammatory factors, improved brain tissue pathological damage, and raised the number of survival neurons in CA1. LNP-encapsulated si-DLX6-AS1 ameliorated the OGD-induced N2a cell viability decrease and apoptosis rate increase, and ML385 (Nrf2 inhibitor) reversed the ameliorative effects of LNP-encapsulated si-DLX6-AS1. In cerebral ischemic injury mice and OGD-induced N2a cells, Nrf2 and HO-1 levels were reduced and NLRP3 levels were increased. LNP-encapsulated si-DLX6-AS1 raised Nrf2 and HO-1 levels and reduced NLRP3 levels. Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 treatment reversed the ameliorative effects of LNP-encapsulated si-DLX6-AS1 on OGD-induced N2a cell viability and apoptosis. Lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated si-DLX6-AS1 ameliorates cerebral ischemic injury via the Nrf2/HO-1/NLRP3 axis.
Reductive dechlorination of trichloroethylene (TCE) in competition with Fe and Mn oxides – observed dynamics in H2-dependent terminal electron accepting processes
Creators: name: Bjerg, Poul L.
name: Laiby Paul
name: Jakobsen, Rasmus
name: Smolders, Erik
name: Albrechtsen, Hans Jørgen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Microbiology
subject: Biochemistry

description: The determination of hydrogen (H2) concentration together with the products of microbial reduction reactions in a trichloroethylene dechlorinating system is conducted to delineate the ongoing predominant terminal electron accepting processes (TEAP). Formate was used as electron donor and synthetic Fe minerals or environmental samples were used as the substrata. Iron(III) and Mn(IV) reduction limited microbial dechlorination by the mixed anaerobic culture by decreasing the level of H2 in the system. The H2 measurements indicated that the H2 concentration at which different TEAPs occur can overlap and thus these TEAPs can therefore occur concurrently rather than exclusively. Difference in Fe(III) bioavailability and hence, Fe(III) reduction partially explain this wide range. The distinction between dechlorination and other microbial reduction processes based on H2 threshold values is not feasible under such conditions, though there appears to be a relation between the rates of H2 consuming process and the observed H2 level.
„Alles das, was wir hier sprechen, ist Hochdeutsch." Eine soziolinguistische Untersuchung der Sprache Bremerhavens
Creators: name: Scherdin, Fiona
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Stadtmundart
subject: Bremerhaven
subject: Mundart
subject: Regionalsprache
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::400 | Sprache, Linguistik

description: Wird in Hannover wirklich das beste Hochdeutsch gesprochen? Diese Frage stellen sich Sprachwissenschaftler:innen bereits seit langer Zeit. Das DFG-Projekt Die Stadtsprache Han-novers möchte den Mythos, ob in Hannover das ,beste’ Hochdeutsch gesprochen wird, mithilfe empirischer Sprachdatenerhebung erstmals genauer erforschen. Die vorliegende Arbeit reiht sich in bisherige studentische Vergleichsarbeiten ein, die im Rahmen des Hannover-Projekts geschrieben worden sind. Im Fokus dieser Arbeit liegt die Großstadt Bremerhaven, in der mit 32 Bremerhavener:innen ein dreiteiliges Sprachexperiment durchgeführt wurde. Als Grundlage für diese Studie wurden sechs linguistische Variablen ausgewählt, womit Aussagen über eine standarddivergente Realisierung hinsichtlich Geschlecht, Alter, Bildungshintergrund, Erhebungskontexte und der linguistischen Variablen an sich möglich waren. Die Ergebnisse wurden im Anschluss statistisch ausgewertet. Die Auswertung ergab eine standarddivergente Realisierung der linguistischen Variablen von 45 %. Die Hebung des langen [ɛː] zu [e:] wird von Sprecher:innen aus Bremerhaven am häufigsten realisiert (97 %), am seltensten die g-Spirantisierung (15 %). Frauen realisieren die Hebung des langen [ɛː] zu [e:] signifikant standardkonformer als Männer. Die ältere Generation bildet die g-Spirantisierung, die standarddivergente Vokalkürzung und das Ersetzen von [ŋ] durch [ŋk] signifikant häufiger, die jüngere Generation hingegen die Rundung des kurzen [ɪ]. Bremerhavener:innen ohne Abitur verwenden signifikant häufiger die standarddivergente Vokalkürzung sowie die Affrikate [pf] als [f]. Zusätzlich wurde jede Gewährsperson hinsichtlich ihrer Spracheinstellung interviewt, was die Ergebnisse ergänzt. In Vergleich zu der Stadt Cuxhaven zeigte sich in Bremerhaven eine häufigere Verwendung bei der Rundung des kurzen [ɪ], die Realisierung der Affrikate [pf] als [f] und die Ersetzung von [ŋ] durch [ŋk] hingegen werden in Cuxhaven häufiger realisiert. Zwischen Bremerhaven und Hannover wurde festgestellt, dass die g-Spirantisierung gleich häufig (15 %) realisiert wird. Die Hebung des langen [ɛː] zu [e:] wird in Bremerhaven frequenter gebraucht, die standarddivergente Vokalkürzung und das Ersetzen von [ŋ] durch [ŋk] zeigen einen etwas höheren Prozentsatz in Hannover.
Attitudine alla centralità del paziente nella relazione di cura negli studenti del CdL in Medicina e Chirurgia dell’Università di Torino
Creators: name: Olivero, Alberto
name: Miniotti, Marco
name: Cuniberti, Francesco
name: Leombruni, Paolo
Publisher: name: Tutor
Year: 2024

description: Attitudine alla centralità del paziente nella relazione di cura negli studenti del CdL in Medicina e Chirurgia dell’Università di Torino
description: Tutor, V. 23 N. 2
Real-world experiences of migraine patients on Erenumab: a Kuwait single center cohort
Creators: name: Al-Hashel, Jasem Youssef
name: Alroughani, Raed
name: Alshaf, Fatemah
name: Ashkanani, Hasan Kh
name: Akl, Amr
name: AlMutairi, Ohood
name: Alwazzan, Sawsan
name: Ahmed, Samar Farouk
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Migraine is a prevalent headache disorder with a significant impact on the quality of life. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness and safety of erenumab, mAb targeting the CGRP receptor, in treating chronic (CM) and episodic (EM) migraine in clinical practice Kuwait, providing region-specific insights to treatment options. This was a prospective observational cohort study of patients diagnosed with EM or CM treated with erenumab. The primary outcome of the study was to assess the proportion of patients achieving ≥ 50% reduction in monthly mean migraine days, and several changes including the mean number of monthly migraine days, the frequency of analgesic use, attack severity, AEs, and QoL. The study included 151 patients with a mean age of 44.0±11.4 years, and 81.9% female. The primary outcome was achieved in 74.2% of patients, with a significant (p < 0.001) reduction in headache frequency, pain severity, analgesic use, and improvement in QoL. Age and duration of migraine were significant predictors of achieving a ≥ 50% reduction in headache frequency after therapy (OR = 0.955; p = 0.009) and (OR = 0.965; p = 0.025), respectively. Treatment compliance was observed in 76.2% of patients, and 24.5% discontinued treatment. Constipation was the most commonly reported AEs (6.0%), and conservative management was the most common approach to managing AEs. Erenumab was effective in reducing the frequency and severity of migraine attacks and improving QoL, and safe with manageable AEs in a real-world setting in Kuwait. Further research is needed to better understand erenumab’s effectiveness and safety in different populations and settings, as well as to compare it with other migraine prophylactic treatments.
Hypercapnic hypoxia as a rehabilitation method for patients after ischemic stroke
Creators: name: Alekseeva, Tatiana M.
name: Topuzova, Maria P.
name: Kulikov, Vladimir P.
name: Kovzelev, Pavel D.
name: Kosenko, Mark G.
name: Tregub, Pavel P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Experimental studies on animals have demonstrated a higher neuroprotective efficacy of hypercapnic hypoxia compared to normocapnic hypoxia. Respiratory training with hypercapnic hypoxia has shown a positive impact on the functional state of the nervous system in children with cerebral palsy (CP). It can be presumed that the combined effect of moderate hypercapnia and hypoxia will be promising for clinical application within the context of early rehabilitation after ischemic stroke. A randomized triple-blind placebo-controlled study was conducted on 102 patients with ischemic stroke, aged 63.07 ± 12.1 years. All patients were diagnosed with ischemic stroke based on neuroimaging criteria and/or clinical criteria within the 48–72 hour timeframe. The experimental group (n = 50) underwent daily respiratory training with hypercapnic hypoxia (FetCO2 5–6%, FetO2 15–16%) using the ‘Carbonic’ device for 7–11 sessions of 20 minutes each day during the treatment process. The control group (placebo, n = 52) underwent training on a similar device modified for breathing atmospheric air. Neurological examinations were conducted on all patients before the study and on the day after completing the training course. The standard treatment demonstrated effectiveness in terms of neurological status scales in both groups. Intermittent exposure to hypercapnic hypoxia proved more effective in improving neurological function indicators in patients compared to the placebo group: NIHSS scale scores were 40% lower than in the placebo group (p < 0.001); mRS scale scores were 35% lower (p < 0.001); B-ADL-I and RMI indices were higher by 26% (p < 0.01) and 36% (p < 0.001), respectively; MoCA scale results were 13% higher (p < 0.05); HADS and BDI-II scale scores were lower by 35% (p < 0.05) and 25% (p < 0.05), respectively. The increase in MMSE scale scores in the intervention group was 54% higher (p < 0.001), and MoCA scale scores increased by 25% (p < 0.001). Respiratory training with hypercapnic hypoxia improves the functional state of the nervous system in patients with ischemic stroke. After conducting further clarifying studies, hypercapnic hypoxia can be considered as an effective method of neurorehabilitation, which can be used as early as 48–72 hours after the onset of stroke.
ATG16L1 phosphorylation is oppositely regulated by CSNK2/casein kinase 2 and PPP1/protein phosphatase 1 which determines the fate of cardiomyocytes during hypoxia/reoxygenation
Creators: name: Huiwen Song
name: Pu, Jun
name: Wang, Lin
name: Lihua Wu
name: Jianmin Xiao
name: Qigong Liu
name: Chen, Jun
name: Zhang, Min
name: Liu, Yang
name: Mingke Ni
name: Jinggang Mo
name: Yunliang Zheng
name: Deli Wan
name: XiongJiu Cai
name: Yaping Cao
name: Weiyi Xiao
name: Ye, Lei
name: Enyuan Tu
name: Zhihai Lin
name: Jianxin Wen
name: Xiaoling Lu
name: He, Jian
name: Peng, Yi
name: Su, Jing
name: Zhang, Heng
name: Yongxiang Zhao
name: Meihua Lin
name: Zhiyong Zhang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biochemistry

description: Recent studies have shown that the phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of ULK1 and ATG13 are related to autophagy activity. Although ATG16L1 is absolutely required for autophagy induction by affecting the formation of autophagosomes, the posttranslational modification of ATG16L1 remains elusive. Here, we explored the regulatory mechanism and role of ATG16L1 phosphorylation for autophagy induction in cardiomyocytes. We showed that ATG16L1 was a phosphoprotein, because phosphorylation of ATG16L1 was detected in rat cardiomyocytes during hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R). We not only demonstrated that CSNK2 (casein kinase 2) phosphorylated ATG16L1, but also identified the highly conserved Ser139 as the critical phosphorylation residue for CSNK2. We further established that ATG16L1 associated with the ATG12–ATG5 complex in a Ser139 phosphorylation-dependent manner. In agreement with this finding, CSNK2 inhibitor disrupted the ATG12–ATG5-ATG16L1 complex. Importantly, phosphorylation of ATG16L1 on Ser139 was responsible for H/R-induced autophagy in cardiomyocytes, which protects cardiomyocytes from apoptosis. Conversely, we determined that wild-type PPP1 (protein phosphatase 1), but not the inactive mutant, associated with ATG16L1, and antagonized CSNK2-mediated phosphorylation of ATG16L1. Interestingly, one RVxF consensus site for PPP1 binding in the C-terminal tail of ATG16L1 was identified; mutation of this site disrupted its association with ATG16L1. Notably, CSNK2 also associated with PPP1, but ATG16L1 depletion impaired the interaction between CSNK2 and PPP1. Collectively, these data identify ATG16L1 as a bona fide physiological CSNK2 and PPP1 substrate, which reveals a novel molecular link from CSNK2 to activation of the autophagy-specific ATG12–ATG5-ATG16L1 complex and autophagy induction.
The possible causal relationship between COVID-19 and imaging markers of cerebral small vessel disease: a Mendelian randomization study
Creators: name: Song, Jiahao
name: Zhou, Da
name: Jia, Lina
name: Wang, Mengqi
name: Lan, Duo
name: Li, Jingrun
name: Hamit, Fatime Zara Hassan
name: Ding, Yuchuan
name: Ji, Xunming
name: Meng, Ran
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Observational studies have suggested that SARS-CoV-2 infection may increase the burden of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). This study aims to explore the causal correlation between COVID-19 and the imaging markers of CSVD using Mendelian randomization (MR) methods. Summary-level genome-wide association study (GWAS) statistics for COVID-19 susceptibility, hospitalization, and severity were utilized as proxies for exposure. Large-scale meta-analysis GWAS data on three neuroimaging markers of white matter hyperintensity, lacunar stroke, and brain microbleeds, were employed as outcomes. Our primary MR analysis employed the inverse variance weighted (IVW) approach, supplemented by MR-Egger, weighted median, and MR-PRESSO methods. We also conducted multivariable MR analysis to address confounding bias and validate the robustness of the established causal estimates. Comprehensive sensitivity analyses included Cochran’s Q test, Egger-intercept analysis, MR-PRESSO, and leave-one-out analysis. The MR analysis revealed a significant causal correlation between the severity of COVID-19 and an increased risk of lacunar stroke, as demonstrated by the IVW method (ORivw = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.03–1.16, pivw = 0.005, FDR = 0.047). Nevertheless, no causal correlations were observed between COVID-19 susceptibility or hospitalization and any CSVD imaging markers. The robustness and stability of these findings were further confirmed by multivariable MR analysis and comprehensive sensitivity analyses. This study provides compelling evidence of a potential causal effect of severe COVID-19 on the incidence of lacunar stroke, which may bring fresh insights into the understanding of the comorbidity between COVID-19 and CSVD.
title: Особенности профилактики проявлений экстремизма в средних и высших учебных заведениях
Creators: name: Сицская, Арфения
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2022

description: Этап психического развития, наступающий после окончания основного среднего образования, характеризуется сменой социальных ролей в жизни молодых людей. Новое окружение, изменившиеся жизненные цели и приоритеты, а также осознание взросления, могут приводить к различным проявлениям девиации, увлечениям опасными и запрещенными материалами, в том числе и экстремистского характера. В связи с современными изменениями в пропаганде материалов подобного рода, обновления требуют и способы профилактики проявлений экстремизма в средних и высших учебных заведениях.
Identity change and the transition to university: Implications for cortisol awakening response, psychological well-being and academic performance
Creators: name: Griffin, Siobhan
name: Lebedová, Alžběta
name: Cruwys, Tegan
name: McMahon, Grace
name: Foran, Aoife Marie
name: Skrodzka, Magdalena
name: Gallagher, Stephen
name: Ginty, Annie T.
name: Muldoon, Orla
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: The social identity model of identity change (SIMIC) posits that social group memberships protect wellbeing during transitional periods, such as the transition to university, via two pathways — maintaining previously held social group memberships (social identity continuity) and gaining new social group memberships (social identity gain). Breaking new ground, this study investigates how these processes can influence an important biomarker of stress — cortisol awakening response (CAR). A total of 153 first year undergraduate students (69.3% female) completed measures (group memberships, depression, life satisfaction) at the beginning of the academic year (October, time 1; T1), of which 67 provided a saliva sample for CAR assessment. Seventy-nine students completed the time 2 (February, T2) measures 4 months later (41 provided saliva). Academic performance was assessed objectively through end-of-academic year university grade data (June, T3). At T1, students who maintained and gained social group memberships reported lower depressive symptoms and greater life satisfaction. Across the academic year, social identity gain was associated with a larger post-awakening cortisol response at T2, indicative of a better ability to cope with stress. Thus, gaining new social group memberships during the transition to university was associated with a better ability to cope with stress.