cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Effects of lattice geometry on thermopower properties of the repulsive Hubbard model
Creators: name: Silva, Willdauany C. de Freitas
name: Araujo, Maykon V. M.
name: Roy, Sayantan
name: Samanta, Abhisek
name: Costa, Natanael de C.
name: Trivedi, Nandini
name: Paiva, Thereza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain the Seebeck coefficient or thermopower $S$, which determines the conversion efficiency from thermal to electrical energy, for the two-dimensional Hubbard model on different geometries (square, triangular, and honeycomb lattices) for different electronic densities and interaction strengths. Using Determinantal Quantum Monte Carlo (DQMC) we find the following key results: (a) the bi-partiteness of the lattice affects the doping dependence of $S$; (b) strong electronic correlations can greatly enhance $S$ and produce non-trivial sign changes as a function of doping especially in the vicinity of the Mott insulating phase; (c) $S(T)$ near half filling can show non-monotonic behavior as a function of temperature. We emphasize the role of strong interaction effects in engineering better devices for energy storage and applications, as captured by our calculations of the power factor $PF=S^2 σ$ where $σ$ is the dc conductivity.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Numerical simulations of a two-fluid jet at a magnetic null point in a solar arcade
Creators: name: González-Avilés, J. J.
name: Murawski, K.
name: Zaqarashvili, T. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the formation and evolution of jets in the solar atmosphere using numerical simulations of partially ionized plasma. The two-fluid magnetohydrodynamic equations with ion+electron and neutral hydrogen components are used in two-dimensional (2D) Cartesian geometry. Numerical simulations show that a localized nonlinear Gaussian pulse of ion and neutral pressures initially launched from the magnetic null point of a potential arcade located below the transition region quickly develops into a shock due to the decrease of density with height. The shock propagates upwards into the solar corona and lifts the cold and dense chromospheric plasma behind in the form of a collimated jet with an inverted-Y shape. The inverted-Y shape of jets is connected with the topology of a magnetic null point. The pulse also excites a nonlinear wake in the chromosphere, which leads to quasi-periodic secondary shocks. The secondary shocks lift the chromospheric plasma upwards and create quasi-periodic jets in the lower corona. Ion and neutral fluids show generally similar behavior, but their relative velocity is higher near the upper part of jets, which leads to enhanced temperature or heating due to ion-neutral collisions. Simulations of jets with inverted-Y shape and their heating may explain the properties of some jets observed in the solar atmosphere.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures. Accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Synchrotron Emission from Dark Matter in Galactic Subhalos. A Look into the Smith Cloud
Creators: name: Leite, Natacha
name: Reuben, Robin
name: Sigl, Guenter
name: Tytgat, Michel H. G.
name: Vollmann, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the key predictions of the WIMP paradigm for Dark Matter (DM) is that DM particles can annihilate into charged particles. These annihilations will proceed in e.g. Galactic subhalos such as dwarf Galaxies or, as recently pointed out, high velocity clouds such as the "Smith Cloud". In this note, we focus on the radio emission associated with DM annihilations into electrons and positrons occurring in the Smith Cloud. The phenomenology of this emission is discussed in quite some detail. We argue that the uncertainties in the propagation can be captured by the typical diffusion-loss length parameter (Syrovatskii variable) but that the angle-integrated radio fluxes are independent of the propagation. We conclude that if the Smith Cloud is indeed dominated by DM, radio signals from DM annihilation stand out amongst other messengers. Furthermore, low frequencies such as the ones observed by e.g. the Low Frequency Array (LOFAR) and the next-generation Square Kilometre Array (SKA) are optimal for searches for DM in the Smith Cloud. As a practical application, we set conservative constraints on dark matter annihilation cross section using data of continuum radio emission from the Galaxy at 22 MHz and at 1.4 GHz. Stronger constraints could be reached by background subtraction, exploiting the profile and frequency dependence of the putative DM signal. We set stronger but tentative limits using the median noise in brightness temperature from the Green Bank Telescope and the LOFAR sensitivities.
description: 23 pages, 17 figures. Extended discussion on how the limits/forecasts are obtained. Matches published version
Production of Bioethanol from Brewery Spent Grain Using Cellulase Enzyme Hydrolysis
Creators: name: Emru, Yidnekew
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2018

description: Bioethanol is a clear, colorless and mobile flammable liquid chemical compound with acceptable odour, and produced from biomass feed stocks through fermentation. The objective of this study was production of bioethanol from Barley spent grain by using cellulase enzyme hydrolysis. Decreasing of world petroleum reserves, fluctuation of petroleum price and environmental concerns, low yield cellulose acid hydrolysis and formation of inhibitory were the problem statement. Enzymatic hydrolysis method was used for cellulose hydrolysis, producing monomeric C6 sugars (glucose); enzymatic hydrolysis is more specific and high conversion rates can be achieved in long reaction times obtaining very high yields. Raw material characterization of BSG were, hemicelluloses content 28.4 %, cellulose content 27 %, and dry matter content 98.2 %. The aim of pretreatment is to disrupt recalcitrant structures of cellulosic biomass to make cellulose more accessible to the enzymes that convert carbohydrate polymers into fermentable sugars. The pretreated feedstock was mixed with 1.25 % (v/v) sulfuric acid solutions with a liquid-to-solid ratio of 20 %( w/w) and it was occurred on the temperature 121 ºC and time of 17 min, the severity factor coefficient was 0.198. Cellulase enzyme was produced from BSG using bacillus subtilus, under liquid state fermentation for 5 days at temperature of 37 ºC with pH of 5.0, in controlled incubator. For the enzyme hydrolysis, 26 full factorial central composite design (CCD) was applied to investigate the effect of temperature (40-50 ºC), pH (4.0-5.0), reaction time (24-72 hr.) and enzyme loading (1-2 %) using Design expert® 6 software. RSM was applied to investigate the interaction effect of hydrolysis process variables on the yield of ethanol from BSG. After hydrolysis process sugar content of the hydrolysate was quantified using spectrophotometer measuring its absorbance. Fermentation of the hydrolysate were performed 2.5 % Saccharomyces cerevisiae and 2.5 % fusarium oxysporum at 30 ºC temperature, pH 5.0 and 72 hr. fermentation time for all samples. Significance of the process variables were analyzed using analysis of variance. As the result of RSM optimization, the best yield of TRS was found at 40 ºC hydrolysis temperature, 4.5 PH, 48 hr. reaction time and 1.5 % v/v enzyme loading. Under these condition 96.55 %w/w and 53.68 % per 6.58 g dry barley spent grain of TRS and bio-ethanol respectively obtained.
Neutrophil extracellular vesicles as mediators of acute pulmonary vascular inflammation during sepsis
Creators: name: Tsiridou, Diianeira Maria
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2023

description: Circulating neutrophil-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are acutely increased during sepsis and systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Although in vitro studies have shown that neutrophil-EVs have pro-inflammatory activities, little is known about their roles in the propagation of systemic inflammation. Recent studies indicate that the uptake of circulating EVs by the lungs increases dramatically during systemic inflammation, primarily through their interactions with pulmonary intravascular monocytes. In this study, we hypothesised that circulating neutrophil-EVs are potent long-range mediators of pulmonary vascular inflammation, contributing to the development of indirect acute lung injury. Using human cell culture-based models, my main aims were to: 1) characterise neutrophil-EV uptake by pulmonary vascular cells under resting and inflammatory conditions, 2) develop a whole blood model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neutrophil-EV subtype production, 3) isolate and characterise the pro-inflammatory activity of these neutrophil-EVs. For the assessment of neutrophil-EV function, I developed a co-culture model of pulmonary vascular inflammation, consisting of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PMBCs) or monocytes, co-cultured with human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HLMECs). Neutrophil-EVs were taken up by both HLMECs and monocytes and subject to dynamic changes under physiological flow and inflammatory conditions. LPS stimulation of whole blood revealed acute increases in neutrophil- and platelet-EVs. Using immunoaffinity isolation for EV subpopulations, neutrophil- but not platelet-EVs were found to be pro-inflammatory, inducing TNF-α-dependent activation of HLMECs in the presence of PBMCs or monocytes. Further investigations revealed that neutrophil-EVs activate monocytes via Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signalling, in an EV surface protein-dependent manner. These findings indicate that neutrophil-EVs released under septic-like conditions in vitro are potent mediators of inflammation, with the potential to generate localised inflammation within 3 the monocyte-enriched environment of the pulmonary vasculature. Furthermore, the neutrophil-EV protein-dependent TLR4 signalling activity suggests a novel mechanism for propagation of inflammation within the circulation from local sites of infection.
Time-, spin-, and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with a 1-MHz 10.7-eV pulse laser
Creators: name: Kawaguchi, Kaishu
name: Kuroda, Kenta
name: Zhao, Z.
name: Tani, S.
name: Harasawa, A.
name: Fukushima, Y.
name: Tanaka, H.
name: Noguchi, R.
name: Iimori, T.
name: Yaji, K.
name: Fujisawa, M.
name: Shin, S.
name: Komori, F.
name: Kobayashi, Y.
name: Kondo, Takeshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a setup of time-, spin-, and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (tr-SARPES) employing a 10.7-eV ($λ$=115.6 nm) pulse laser at 1-MHz repetition rate as a probe photon source. This equipment effectively combines technologies of a high-power Yb:fiber laser, ultraviolet-driven harmonic generation in Xe gas, and a SARPES apparatus equipped with very-low-energy-electron-diffraction (VLEED) spin detectors. A high repetition rate (1 MHz) of the probe laser allows experiments with the photoemission space-charge effects significantly reduced, despite a high flux of 10$^{13}$ photons/s on the sample. The relatively high photon energy (10.7 eV) also brings the capability of observing a wide momentum range that covers the entire Brillouin zone of many materials while ensuring high momentum resolution. The experimental setup overcomes a low efficiency of spin-resolved measurements, which gets even more severe for the pump-probed unoccupied states, and affords for investigating ultrafast electron and spin dynamics of modern quantum materials with energy and time resolutions of 25 meV and 360 fs, respectively.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Exact zeros of entanglement for arbitrary rank-two mixtures: how a geometric view of the zero-polytope makes life more easy
Creators: name: Osterloh, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here I present a method how intersections of a certain density matrix of rank two with the zero-polytope can be calculated exactly. This is a purely geometrical procedure which thereby is applicable to obtaining the zeros of SL- and SU-invariant entanglement measures of arbitrary polynomial degree. I explain this method in detail for a recently unsolved problem. In particular, I show how a three-dimensional view, namely in terms of the Boch-sphere analogy, solves this problem immediately. To this end, I determine the zero-polytope of the three-tangle, which is an exact result up to computer accuracy, and calculate upper bounds to its convex roof which are below the linearized upper bound. The zeros of the three-tangle (in this case) induced by the zero-polytope (zero-simplex) are exact values. I apply this procedure to a superposition of the four qubit GHZand W-state. It can however be applied to every case one has under consideration, including an arbitrary polynomial convex-roof measure of entanglement and for arbitrary local dimension.
description: 7 pages, 10 figures, revtex4
Necromance : romancing the flesh
Creators: name: Meadows, Andrea Louise.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Correlations of tensor field components in isotropic systems with an application to stress correlations in elastic bodies
Creators: name: Wittmer, J. P.
name: Semenov, A. N.
name: Baschnagel, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Correlation functions of components of second-order tensor fields in isotropic systems can be reduced to an isotropic forth-order tensor field characterized by a few invariant correlation functions (ICFs). It is emphasized that components of this field depend in general on the coordinates of the field vector variable and thus on the orientation of the coordinate system. These angular dependencies are distinct from those of ordinary anisotropic systems. As a simple example of the procedure to obtain the ICFs we discuss correlations of time-averaged stresses in isotropic glasses where only one ICF in reciprocal space becomes a finite constant e for large sampling times and small wavevectors. It is shown that e is set by the typical size of the frozen-in stress components normal to the wavevectors, i.e. it is caused by the symmetry breaking of the stress for each independent configuration. Using the presented general mathematical formalism for isotropic tensor fields this finding explains in turn the observed long-range stress correlations in real space. Under additional but rather general assumptions e is shown to be given by a thermodynamic quantity, the equilibrium Young modulus E. We thus relate for certain isotropic amorphous bodies the existence of finite Young or shear moduli to the symmetry breaking of a stress component in reciprocal space.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures
Less is More: Consistent Video Depth Estimation with Masked Frames Modeling
Creators: name: Wang, Yiran
name: Pan, Zhiyu
name: Li, Xingyi
name: Cao, Zhiguo
name: Xian, Ke
name: Zhang, Jianming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Temporal consistency is the key challenge of video depth estimation. Previous works are based on additional optical flow or camera poses, which is time-consuming. By contrast, we derive consistency with less information. Since videos inherently exist with heavy temporal redundancy, a missing frame could be recovered from neighboring ones. Inspired by this, we propose the frame masking network (FMNet), a spatial-temporal transformer network predicting the depth of masked frames based on their neighboring frames. By reconstructing masked temporal features, the FMNet can learn intrinsic inter-frame correlations, which leads to consistency. Compared with prior arts, experimental results demonstrate that our approach achieves comparable spatial accuracy and higher temporal consistency without any additional information. Our work provides a new perspective on consistent video depth estimation. Our official project page is https://github.com/RaymondWang987/FMNet.
description: Accepted by ACM MM 2022
Wearable Assistive Devices for the Blind
Creators: name: Velazquez, Ramiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Assistive devices are a key aspect in wearable systems for biomedical applications, as they represent potential aids for people with physical and sensory disabilities that might lead to improvements in the quality of life. This chapter focuses on wearable assistive devices for the blind. It intends to review the most significant work done in this area, to present the latest approaches for assisting this population and to understand universal design concepts for the development of wearable assistive devices and systems for the blind.
description: Book Chapter
Ronald Hartz: "Dieses Anderssein aufzuheben ...". Grundlagen einer dialektischen Theorie der modernen Arbeitsorganisation. Münster: Westfälisches Dampfboot, 2009. ISBN 978-3-89691-758-4, 344 Seiten, Euro 29,90
Creators: name: Voswinkel, Stephan
Publisher: name: Lucius & Lucius Verlagsgesellschaft
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: 300
subject: 650

description: Arbeit
Implications of a zero-nonlinearity wavelength in optical fibers doped with silver nanoparticles
Creators: name: Bose, S.
name: Roy, S.
name: Chattopadhyay, R.
name: Bhadra, S. K.
name: Agrawal, G. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photonic crystal fibers doped with silver nanoparticles exhibit the Kerr nonlinearity that can be positive or negative depending on wavelength and vanishes at a specific wavelength. We study numerically how the simultaneous presence of a zero-nonlinearity wavelength (ZNW) and a zero-dispersion wavelength affects evolution of soliton and supercontinuum generation inside such fibers and find a number of unique features. The existence of negative nonlinearity allows soliton formation even in the normaldispersion region of the fiber, and the ZNW acts as a barrier for the Raman-induced red shift of solitons.
description: This paper has been withdrawn by the author due to some major modifications
Smoothed particle hydrodynamics for fluid-solid coupling: modelling fixed and mobile boundaries
Creators: name: Esmail Yakas, Anton
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) is a meshless Lagrangian numerical method which has undergone extensive development in recent years. SPH has properties which make it especially suited to certain problem types with which traditional methods have struggled. This includes fluid-solid coupled problems, which are particularly relevant for the modelling of coastal dynamics - a domain which is becoming increasingly relevant owing to the changing global infrastructure and climate. SPH, however, is a relatively young method, and suffers drawbacks which have been dubbed its grand challenges. The main one of interest for this work, is the handling of boundary conditions within the method. This thesis aims to present a discussion on SPH in the context of modelling boundaries, both fixed and mobile. Improvements were made to the so-called semi-analytical boundary method, solving the mathematical and numerical problems associated with the method, and presenting the work in such a way that it can easily beported to existing SPH models. Further discussions and adjustments were also made to the boundary method, attempting to tackle some of its inconsistencies and render it more viable for typical use cases. Finally, the coupling of the DEM method for modelling mobile boundaries was addressed, with a particular focus on mesoscale modelling of solids at a similar resolution to the fluid domain. This was previously an unviable problem, but with improvements to the solid fraction calculation presented here, this is no longer the case. This presents the opportunity for full range mesoscale modelling in SPH.
title: Soziale Stressoren in der Arbeitswelt
title: Kollegen, Vorgesetzte und Kunden
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Holz, Melanie
name: Zapf, Dieter
name: Dormann, Christian
Publisher: name: Lucius & Lucius Verlagsgesellschaft
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: 300
subject: 650

description: In der organisationalen Stressforschung hat die Untersuchung von psychosozialen Belastungsvariablen stark zugenommen. Immer mehr ist es erforderlich, dass Beschäftigte mit Kollegen, Vorgesetzten aber auch in Dienstleistungsberufen mit Kunden interagieren und dabei hohe emotionale und soziale Anforderungen regulieren müssen. Dieser Beitrag berichtet über die aktuelle Forschung zu diesen neuen Stressoren und einigen Ressourcen und deren Effekte auf die Gesundheit und das Wohlbefinden, z.B. Burn-out. Zum einen werden verschiedene soziale Stressoren im arbeitsbezogenen Kontext diskutiert, wie Mobbing, Konflikte oder organisationale Ungerechtigkeit. Zum anderen wird das Konzept der kundenbezogenen sozialen Stressoren und das Konzept der Emotionsarbeit vorgestellt. Zum Abschluss wird ein Ausblick über zukünftige Stressforschung gegeben.
description: Arbeit
The Challenge and Prospects of Dispute Settlement Mechanisms in Addis Ababa Civil Service Agency
Creators: name: Mitiku, Anteneh
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2015

description: This research thesis deployed a predominantly qualitative approach using a combination of survey and interviews in addition to an extensive literature review, publically available report and documents on dispute settlement mechanism between the government and its employees. The thesis presents how dispute settle between the employee and the agency of civil service in Addis Ababa, it address the key issues of why workplace disputes fail to be resolved, it also probe the reason why there is high rate of dispute and the number of referral to the civil service administrative tribunal for dispute settlement increased. The thesis found that dispute over the work place commonly referred to administrative tribunal rather than being resolved in the organization of public facilities because of lack of knowledge and skills of the current rules and regulation dispute settlement mechanism, also lack of commitment and ethical behavior of the leadership. This leads to increasing wastage of time and resource as well as defects in delivering workplace justice. The thesis also analyzed the operating procedures of the discipline and grievance handling procedures, which may contribute to the large number of disputes. According to the finding majority of the employees have inadequate knowledge about the discipline and grievance handling procedures, besides this their organization doesn'taccess the rules and regulation of organization in order to avoid indiscipline. Work place dispute are best resolved in the organization. Only after a failure to resolve a matter of work place do disputant have the option of referring their conflict to an external civil service tribunal at Addis Ababa Civil Service Agency. Finally, the result of this study contributes to how the government dispute settlement mechanism system challenges, improves and the creation of conducive working environment in public organization
FAIR Obstacles for Curating SARS-CoV-2M-Protease Inhibitors
Creators: name: Southan, Christopher
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Presented at BioIT World Europe, Berlin, October 2022 Despite COVID-19 vaccine successes there is an urgent need for small-molecule antivirals such as the recent Pfizer M-protease (M-prot) inhibitor nirmatrelvir, PF-07321332 exemplified in PMID34726479 and WO2021250648. Since 2020 the Guide to Pharmacology and BindingDB have collaborated on curating FAIR database entries for clinical candidate M-Prot inhibitors from papers and patents. Patterns of FAIR disclosure are patchy varying from open science data from the COVID Moon-shot consortium, a paper (but no patent) for Shionogi S-217622 but blinding (neither paper nor patent) of SH-879 from Sosei Heptares. Challenges of extracting and mapping chemical structures between papers and patents for M-Prot lead inhibitors will be outlined
Axion Like Particle Search at Higgs Factories
Creators: name: Cheung, Kingman
name: Ouseph, C. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the potential of the future Higgs factories, including the ILC, CEPC, and FCC-ee with $\sqrt{s}$ = 240-250 GeV on discovering axion-like particles (ALPs) through various production channels in the leptonic final states, $e^+e^- \to f\bar{f} a$, where $f=e,μ,ν$. We show that the $e^+e^- \to e^+e^- a$ with $a \to γγ$ provides the best bounds for the $g_{aγγ}$ and $g_{aZZ}$ couplings, while $e^+e^- \to ν\barνa$, with $a \to γγ$ offers the best bounds for the $g_{aZZ}$ and $g_{aZγ}$ couplings. The $e^+e^- \to μ^+μ^- a$ with $ a \to γγ$ provides intermediate sensitivity to the $g_{aZZ}$ coupling. Our estimates of the bounds for the $g_{aγγ}$, $g_{aZγ}$, and $g_{aZZ}$ couplings as a function of ALP mass ($M_a$) ranging from 0.1 GeV to 100 GeV provide valuable insights for future experiments aiming to detect ALPs. We find that $g_{aγγ}$ around $1.5\times10^{-4}~\rm GeV^{-1}$ for $M_a = 0.1-6$ GeV is currently not ruled out by any other experiments.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures
The relationship of intimacy to perceptual painting and drawing
Creators: name: Tonkin, Mary Elizabeth.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Three-Dimensional Geometry of Magnetic Reconnection Induced by Ballooning Instability in a Generalized Harris Sheet
Creators: name: Zhu, Ping
name: Bhattacharjee, Amitava
name: Sangari, Arash
name: Wang, Zechen
name: Bonofiglo, Phillip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report for the first time the intrinsically three-dimensional (3D) geometry of the magnetic reconnection process induced by ballooning instability in a generalized Harris sheet. The spatial distribution and structure of the quasi-separatrix layers, as well as their temporal emergence and evolution, indicate that the associated magnetic reconnection can only occur in a 3D geometry, which is irreducible to that of any two-dimensional reconnection process. Such a finding provides a new perspective to the long-standing controversy over the substorm onset problem, and elucidates the combined roles of reconnection and ballooning instabilities. It also connects to the universal presence of 3D reconnection processes previously discovered in various natural and laboratory plasmas.
Many-body localization proximity effect in two-species bosonic Hubbard model
Creators: name: Brighi, Pietro
name: Ljubotina, Marko
name: Abanin, Dmitry A.
name: Serbyn, Maksym
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The many-body localization (MBL) proximity effect is an intriguing phenomenon where a thermal bath localizes due to the interaction with a disordered system. The interplay of thermal and non-ergodic behavior in these systems gives rise to a rich phase diagram, whose exploration is an active field of research. In this work, we study a bosonic Hubbard model featuring two particle species representing the bath and the disordered system. Using state of the art numerical techniques, we investigate the dynamics of the model in different regimes, based on which we obtain a tentative phase diagram as a function of coupling strength and bath size. When the bath is composed of a single particle, we observe clear signatures of a transition from an MBL proximity effect to a delocalized phase. Increasing the bath size, however, its thermalizing effect becomes stronger and eventually the whole system delocalizes in the range of moderate interaction strengths studied. In this regime, we characterize particle transport, revealing diffusive behavior of the originally localized bosons.
Quantum Violation of Fluctuation-Dissipation Theorem
Creators: name: Shimizu, Akira
name: Fujikura, Kyota
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study quantum measurements of temporal equilibrium fluctuations in macroscopic quantum systems. It is shown that the fluctuation-dissipation theorem, as a relation between observed quantities, is partially violated in quantum systems, even if measurements are made in an ideal way that emulates classical ideal measurements as closely as possible. This is a genuine quantum effect that survives on a macroscopic scale. We also show that the state realized during measurements of temporal equilibrium fluctuations is a `squeezed equilibrium state,' which is macroscopically identical to the pre-measurement equilibrium state but is squeezed by the measurement. It is a time-evolving state, in which macrovariables fluctuate and relax. We also explain some of subtle but important points, careless treatments of which often lead to unphysical results, of the linear response theory.
description: version 3: fixed typos. 30 pages, 6 figures. A paper for an invited talk at STATPHYS26, Lyon, France, 2016
Classification of electromagnetic interference induced image noise in an analog video link
Creators: name: Purcell, Anthony
name: Eising, Ciarán
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the ever-increasing electrification of the vehicle showing no sign of retreating, electronic systems deployed in automotive applications are subject to more stringent Electromagnetic Immunity compliance constraints than ever before, to ensure the proximity of nearby electronic systems will not affect their operation. The EMI compliance testing of an analog camera link requires video quality to be monitored and assessed to validate such compliance, which up to now, has been a manual task. Due to the nature of human interpretation, this is open to inconsistency. Here, we propose a solution using deep learning models that analyse, and grade video content derived from an EMI compliance test. These models are trained using a dataset built entirely from real test image data to ensure the accuracy of the resultant model(s) is maximised. Starting with the standard AlexNet, we propose four models to classify the EMI noise level
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables
Helmut Martens, Gerd Peter, Frieder O. Wolf (Hg.): Zwischen Selbstbestimmung und Selbstausbeutung. Gesellschaftlicher Umbruch und neue Arbeit, Frankfurt a.M./New York: Campus Verlag, 2001, ISBN 3-593-36844-7, 262 S., Euro 29,90
Creators: name: Heinrichs, Thomas
Publisher: name: Lucius & Lucius Verlagsgesellschaft
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: 300
subject: 650

description: Arbeit
Strain correlation functions in isotropic elastic bodies: Large wavelength limit for two-dimensional systems
Creators: name: Wittmer, J. P.
name: Semenov, A. N.
name: Baschnagel, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strain correlation functions in two-dimensional isotropic elastic bodies are shown both theoretically (using the general structure of isotropic tensor fields) and numerically (using a glass-forming model system) to depend on the coordinates of the field variable (position vector r in real space or wavevector q in reciprocal space) and thus on the direction of the field vector and the orientation of the coordinate system. Since the fluctuations of the longitudinal and transverse components of the strain field in reciprocal space are known in the long-wavelength limit from the equipartition theorem, all components of the correlation function tensor field are imposed and no additional physical assumptions are needed. An observed dependence on the field vector direction thus cannot be used as an indication for anisotropy or for a plastic rearrangement. This dependence is different for the associated strain response field containing also information on the localized stress perturbation
description: 17 pages, 7 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2303.16571
Employing Range Separation on the meta-GGA Rung: New Functional Suitable for Both Covalent and Noncovalent Interactions
Creators: name: Modrzejewski, Marcin
name: Hapka, Michal
name: Chalasinski, Grzegorz
name: Szczesniak, Malgorzata M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We devise a scheme for converting an existing exchange functional into its range-separated hybrid variant. The underlying exchange hole of the Becke-Roussel type has the exact second-order expansion in the interelectron distance. The short-range part of the resulting range-separated exchange energy depends on the kinetic energy density and the Laplacian even if the base functional lacks the dependence on these variables. The most successful practical realization of the scheme, named LC-PBETPSS, combines the range-separated PBE exchange lifted to the hybrid meta-GGA rung and the TPSS correlation. The value of the range-separation parameter is estimated theoretically and confirmed by empirical optimization. The D3 dispersion correction is recommended for all energy computations employing the presented functional. Numerical tests show remarkably robust performance of the method for noncovalent interaction energies, barrier heights, main-group thermochemistry, and excitation energies.
Franz Egle, Walter Bens: Talentmarketing: Strategien für Job-Search und SElbstvermarktung. Wiesbadne: Gabler, 2002, ISBN 3-409-11748-2, XVII + 270 S., Euro 24,90
Creators: name: Stützer, Andreas
Publisher: name: Lucius & Lucius Verlagsgesellschaft
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: 300
subject: 650

description: Arbeit
ENAGRAM: An App to Evaluate Preventative Nudges for Instagram
Creators: name: Ferreyra, Nicolás E. Díaz
name: Ostendorf, Sina
name: Aïmeur, Esma
name: Heisel, Maritta
name: Brand, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Online self-disclosure is perhaps one of the last decade's most studied communication processes, thanks to the introduction of Online Social Networks (OSNs) like Facebook. Self-disclosure research has contributed significantly to the design of preventative nudges seeking to support and guide users when revealing private information in OSNs. Still, assessing the effectiveness of these solutions is often challenging since changing or modifying the choice architecture of OSN platforms is practically unfeasible. In turn, the effectiveness of numerous nudging designs is supported primarily by self-reported data instead of actual behavioral information. This work presents ENAGRAM, an app for evaluating preventative nudges, and reports the first results of an empirical study conducted with it. Such a study aims to showcase how the app (and the data collected with it) can be leveraged to assess the effectiveness of a particular nudging approach. We used ENAGRAM as a vehicle to test a risk-based strategy for nudging the self-disclosure decisions of Instagram users. For this, we created two variations of the same nudge and tested it in a between-subjects experimental setting. Study participants (N=22) were recruited via Prolific and asked to use the app regularly for 7 days. An online survey was distributed at the end of the experiment to measure some privacy-related constructs. From the data collected with ENAGRAM, we observed lower (though non-significant) self-disclosure levels when applying risk-based interventions. The constructs measured with the survey were not significant either, except for participants' External Information Privacy Concerns. Our results suggest that (i) ENAGRAM is a suitable alternative for conducting longitudinal experiments in a privacy-friendly way, and (ii) it provides a flexible framework for the evaluation of a broad spectrum of nudging solutions.
description: Accepted at the 2022 European Symposium on Usable Security (EuroUSEC 2022)
Casimir Force Phase Transitions in the Graphene Family
Creators: name: Rodriguez-Lopez, Pablo
name: Kort-Kamp, Wilton J. M.
name: Dalvit, Diego A. R.
name: Woods, Lilia M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Casimir force is a universal interaction induced by electromagnetic quantum fluctuations between any types of objects. The expansion of the graphene family by adding silicene, germanene, and stanene, 2D allotropes of Si, Ge, and Sn, lands itself as a platform to probe Dirac-like physics in honeycomb staggered systems in such a ubiquitous interaction. We discover Casimir force phase transitions between these staggered 2D materials induced by the complex interplay between Dirac physics, spin-orbit coupling, and externally applied fields. In particular, we find that the interaction energy experiences different power law distance decays, magnitudes, and dependences on characteristic physical constants. Furthermore, due to the topological properties of these materials, repulsive and quantized Casimir interactions become possible.
description: 12 pages, 9 Figures (4 pages and 5 figures in the Supporting Information). Discussion about thermal corrections to the Casimir force was included. Updated figures in the manuscript and supplementary information
Investigation on Mineral Characterization of Powder Injera
Creators: name: Mulatu, Betsegaw
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2019

description: Injera is a fermented, sour bread consumed as a staple food in Ethiopia and Eritrea. The bread can be prepared from various cereals but tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter] is the most preferred ingredient. A deep study on its inherent characteristics related to processing of injera is needed for its use in various food applications. This research attempt to use spray dryer technology to cook injera, as an alternative method of injera processing. And the product is forwarded for the use of as a food supplement. Also the researcher study the impact of type of tef white and red on nutritional composition of powder injera and impact of fermentation time at 24h, 48h, and 72h on moisture content, ash content, fiber content, iron content, zinc content, calcium content, potassium and sodium content of nutritional composition of powder injera was tested using statistic and regression analysis. Microsoft excel and two factorial three level design expert 11 is used to analyze the experimental result. It is observed that red tef has higher calcium, zinc, and iron value than the white tef but the white tef powder injera has sodium and potassium content than the red tef powder injera. And it is observed that at fermentation time of 48h the powder injera has higher mineral content than at fermentation time of 24h and 72h.
Breaking Be: a sterile neutrino solution to the cosmological lithium problem
Creators: name: Salvati, Laura
name: Pagano, Luca
name: Lattanzi, Massimiliano
name: Gerbino, Martina
name: Melchiorri, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The possibility that the so-called "lithium problem", i.e. the disagreement between the theoretical abundance predicted for primordial $^7$Li assuming standard nucleosynthesis and the value inferred from astrophysical measurements, can be solved through a non-thermal BBN mechanism has been investigated by several authors. In particular, it has been shown that the decay of a MeV-mass particle, like, e.g., a sterile neutrino, decaying after BBN not only solves the lithium problem, but also satisfies cosmological and laboratory bounds, making such a scenario worth to be investigated in further detail. In this paper, we constrain the parameters of the model with the combination of current data, including Planck 2015 measurements of temperature and polarization anisotropies of the CMB, FIRAS limits on spectral distortions, astrophysical measurements of primordial abundances and laboratory constraints. We find that a sterile neutrino with mass $M_S=4.35_{-0.17}^{+0.13}\,MeV$ (at $95\%$ c.l.), a decay time $τ_S=1.8_{-1.3}^{+2.5}\cdot 10^5\,s$ (at $95\%$ c.l.) and an initial density $\bar{n}_S/\bar{n}_{cmb}=1.7_{-0.6}^{+3.5}\cdot 10^{-4}$ (at $95\%$ c.l.) in units of the number density of CMB photons, perfectly accounts for the difference between predicted and observed $^7$Li primordial abundance. This model also predicts an increase of the effective number of relativistic degrees of freedom at the time of CMB decoupling $ΔN_{eff}^{cmb}\equiv N_{eff}^{cmb}-3.046=0.34_{-0.14}^{+0.16}$ at $95\%$ c.l.. The required abundance of sterile neutrinos is incompatible with the standard thermal history of the Universe, but could be realized in a low reheating temperature scenario. We provide forecasts for future experiments finding that the combination of measurements from the COrE+ and PIXIE missions will allow to significantly reduce the permitted region for the sterile lifetime and density.
description: 28 pages, 13 figures, 4 tables, matching the published version
Mixed Graviton and Scalar Bispectra in the EFT of Inflation: Soft Limits and Boostless Bootstrap
Creators: name: Ghosh, Diptimoy
name: Panchal, Kushan
name: Ullah, Farman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Boostless Bootstrap techniques have been applied by many in the literature to compute pure scalar and graviton correlators. In this paper, we focus primarily on mixed graviton and scalar correlators. We start by developing an EFT of Inflation (EFToI) with some general assumptions, clarifying various subtleties related to power counting. We verify explicitly the soft limits for mixed correlators, showing how they are satisfied for higher derivative operators beyond the Maldacena action. We clarify some confusion in the literature related to the soft limits for operators that modify the power spectra of gravitons or scalars. We then proceed to apply the boostless bootstrap rules to operators that do not modify the power spectra. Towards the end, we give a prescription that gives correlators for states that are Bogolyubov transforms of the Bunch-Davies vacuum, directly once we have the correlator for the Bunch-Davies vacuum. This enables us to bypass complicated in-in calculations for Bogolyubov states.
description: 29 pages, 3 figures, References added, typos corrected. The ansatz in Section 5 has been improved. Published in JHEP
Transfer matrix spectrum for cyclic representations of the 6-vertex reflection algebra I
Creators: name: Maillet, J. M.
name: Niccoli, G.
name: Pezelier, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the transfer matrix spectral problem for the cyclic representations of the trigonometric 6-vertex reflection algebra associated to the Bazhanov-Stroganov Lax operator. The results apply as well to the spectral analysis of the lattice sine-Gordon model with integrable open boundary conditions. This spectral analysis is developed by implementing the method of separation of variables (SoV). The transfer matrix spectrum (both eigenvalues and eigenstates) is completely characterized in terms of the set of solutions to a discrete system of polynomial equations in a given class of functions. Moreover, we prove an equivalent characterization as the set of solutions to a Baxter's like T-Q functional equation and rewrite the transfer matrix eigenstates in an algebraic Bethe ansatz form. In order to explain our method in a simple case, the present paper is restricted to representations containing one constraint on the boundary parameters and on the parameters of the Bazhanov-Stroganov Lax operator. In a next article, some more technical tools (like Baxter's gauge transformations) will be introduced to extend our approach to general integrable boundary conditions.
description: 39 pages, minor misprints corrected, some references added
The challenges in providing rehabilitations services to people with disabilities in Ethiopia: empirical evidence from prosthetics-orthotics center of Addis Ababa
Creators: name: Bonsa, Wakjira
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2019

description: Rehabilitations services are improve the overall participations of person with disability. Disability is habitually associated with rehabilitations services especially physical impairments needs appropriate assistive devices that fits his/her want. Luck of sufficient intervention are decreases the access of education, employment, opportunities and resources of PWDs. The Physical rehabilitations services provider in Ethiopia saturated in urban area. Prostatic and orthotics center is one among urban based physical rehabilitations services providers. It's playing a significant role to improving the life of PWDs. Since 2017/18 only more than twenty thousand clients gets various kinds of services and products of the center. This study was conducted based on single case study designs by using qualitative methods through purposive sampling with a willingness of participates. Data were gathered from both sources by using various instruments such as opeen-ended interview, focus group discussion (FGD), observation, document review, and other necessary secondary data. It was analyzed in depth with combination of, document analysis, and, FGD and interview result including investigator observation. This study was providing the evidence-based information to advance restoration services provision for person with disability in Prosthetics and Orthotics Center.