cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Elastic effects on relaxation volume tensor calculations
Creators: name: Puchala, B.
name: Falk, M. L.
name: Garikipati, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relaxation volume tensors quantify the effect of stress on diffusion of crystal defects. Continuum linear elasticity predicts that calculations of these parameters using periodic boundary conditions do not suffer from systematic deviations due to elastic image effects and should be independent of supercell size or symmetry. In practice, however, calculations of formation volume tensors of the <110> interstitial in Stillinger-Weber silicon demonstrate that changes in bonding at the defect affect the elastic moduli and result in system-size dependent relaxation volumes. These vary with the inverse of the system size. Knowing the rate of convergence permits accurate estimates of these quantities from modestly sized calculations. Furthermore, within the continuum linear elasticity assumptions the average stress can be used to estimate the relaxation volume tensor from constant volume calculations.
description: 31 pages, 6 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. B
The interacting nature of dwarf galaxies hosting superluminous supernovae
Creators: name: Ørum, Simon Vanggaard
name: Ivens, David Lykke
name: Strandberg, Patrick
name: Leloudas, Giorgos
name: Man, Allison W. S.
name: Schulze, Steve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) Type I superluminous supernovae (SLSNe I) are rare, powerful explosions whose mechanism and progenitors remain elusive. SLSNe I show a preference for low-metallicity, actively star-forming dwarf galaxies. We investigate whether the hosts of SLSNe I show increased evidence for interaction. We use a sample of 42 SLSN I images obtained with $\textit{HST}$ and measure the number of companion galaxies by counting the objects detected within a given radius from the host. As a comparison, we used two Monte Carlo-based methods to estimate the expected average number of companion objects in the same images, as well as a sample of 32 galaxies that have hosted long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). About 50% of SLSN I hosts have at least one major companion (within a flux ratio of 1:4) within 5 kpc. The average number of major companions per SLSN I host galaxy is $0.70^{+0.19}_{-0.14}$. Our Monte Carlo comparison methods yield a lower number of companions for random objects of similar brightness in the same image or for the SLSN host after randomly redistributing the sources in the same image. The Anderson-Darling test shows that this difference is statistically significant independent of the redshift range. The same is true for the projected distance distribution of the companions. The SLSN I hosts are, thus, found in areas of their images, where the object number density is greater than average. SLSN I hosts have more companions than GRB hosts ($0.44^{+0.25}_{-0.13}$ companions per host distributed over 25% of the hosts) but the difference is not statistically significant. The difference between their separations is, however, marginally significant. The dwarf galaxies hosting SLSNe I are often part of interacting systems. This suggests that SLSNe I progenitors are formed after a recent burst of star formation. Low metallicity alone cannot explain this tendency.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. In v2 replaced graphs with higher quality PDF versions
The Age of the Carina Young Association and Potential Membership of HD 95086
Creators: name: Booth, Mark
name: del Burgo, Carlos
name: Hambaryan, Valeri V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Carina is a nearby young stellar association. So far, only a small number of stars have been clearly identified as members of this association. In this paper we reanalyse the membership of the association in light of Gaia DR2 data, in particular finding that HD 95086 is a potential member (probability of 71%). This star is noteworthy as one of the few stars that hosts both a detected debris disc and a directly imaged planet. It has previously only been considered as a potential member of the Lower Centaurus Crux (LCC) - part of the Scorpius-Centaurus association. We also reanalyse the age of the Carina association. Using a Bayesian inference code applied to infer a solution from stellar evolution models for the most probable (>99%) members of Carina, we infer an age for the association of 13.3$^{+1.1}_{-0.6}$ Myr, much younger than previous studies. Whilst we have revised HD 95086's association membership from LCC to Carina, the fact that we also find Carina to have a younger age, similar to that of LCC, means that the estimates of HD 95086b's mass remain unchanged. However, the younger age of Carina does mean that the companion to another Carina member, HD 44627 (or AB Pic), has a mass that is more clearly in the planet rather than brown dwarf range.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Better synchronizability predicted by a new coupling method
Creators: name: Zhao, Ming
name: Zhou, Tao
name: Wang, Bing-Hong
name: Ou, Qing
name: Ren, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, inspired by the idea that the hub nodes of a highly heterogeneous network are not only the bottlenecks, but also effective controllers in the network synchronizing process, we bring forward an asymmetrical coupling method where the coupling strength of each node depends on its neighbors' degrees. Compared with the uniform coupled method and the recently proposed Motter-Zhou-Kurth method, the synchronizability of scale-free networks can be remarkably enhanced by using the present coupled method.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures; to be published in EPJB
Confronting Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi models with Observational Cosmology
Creators: name: Garcia-Bellido, Juan
name: Haugboelle, Troels
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The possibility that we live in a special place in the universe, close to the centre of a large void, seems an appealing alternative to the prevailing interpretation of the acceleration of the universe in terms of a LCDM model with a dominant dark energy component. In this paper we confront the asymptotically flat Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi (LTB) models with a series of observations, from Type Ia Supernovae to Cosmic Microwave Background and Baryon Acoustic Oscillations data. We propose two concrete LTB models describing a local void in which the only arbitrary functions are the radial dependence of the matter density Omega_M and the Hubble expansion rate H. We find that all observations can be accommodated within 1 sigma, for our models with 4 or 5 independent parameters. The best fit models have a chi^2 very close to that of the LCDM model. We perform a simple Bayesian analysis and show that one cannot exclude the hypothesis that we live within a large local void of an otherwise Einstein-de Sitter model.
description: 27 pages, 8 figures. A general Fortran program for comparing LTB models with cosmological observations, that has been used to make the parameter scan in this paper is made public, and can be downloaded at http://www.phys.au.dk/~haugboel/software.shtml . Added references, match published version
Analyticity and crossing symmetry of the eikonal amplitudes in gauge theories
Creators: name: Giordano, M.
name: Meggiolaro, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After a brief review and a more refined analysis of some relevant analyticity properties (when going from Minkowskian to Euclidean theory) of the high-energy parton-parton and hadron-hadron scattering amplitudes in gauge theories, described nonperturbatively, in the eikonal approximation, by certain correlation functions of two Wilson lines or two Wilson loops near the light cone, we shall see how these same properties lead to a nice geometrical interpretation of the crossing symmetry between quark-quark and quark-antiquark eikonal amplitudes and also between loop-loop eikonal amplitudes. This relation between Minkowskian-to-Euclidean analyticity properties and crossing symmetry is discussed in detail and explicitly tested in the first orders of perturbation theory. Some nonperturbative examples existing in the literature are also discussed.
description: Completely revised version with new comments, new references and new figures; 37 pages + 5 figures
Target dark matter detection rates in models with a well-tempered neutralino
Creators: name: Baer, Howard
name: Mustafayev, Azar
name: Park, Eun-Kyung
name: Tata, Xerxes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the post-LEP2 era, and in light of recent measurements of the cosmic abundance of cold dark matter (CDM) in the universe from WMAP, many supersymmetric models tend to predict 1. an overabundance of CDM and 2. pessimistically low rates for direct detection of neutralino dark matter. However, in models with a ``well-tempered neutralino'', where the neutralino composition is adjusted to give the measured abundance of CDM, the neutralino is typically of the mixed bino-wino or mixed bino-higgsino state. Along with the necessary enhancement to neutralino annihilation rates, these models tend to give elevated direct detection scattering rates compared to predictions from SUSY models with universal soft breaking terms. We present neutralino direct detection cross sections from a variety of models containing a well-tempered neutralino, and find cross section asymptotes with detectable scattering rates. These asymptotic rates provide targets that various direct CDM detection experiments should aim for. In contrast, in models where the neutralino mass rather than its composition is varied to give the WMAP relic density via either resonance annihilation or co-annihilation, the neutralino remains essentially bino-like, and direct detection rates may be below the projected reaches of all proposed experiments.
description: 13 pages including 1 EPS figure
Chaotic motion and spiral structure in self-consistent models of rotating galaxies
Creators: name: Voglis, N.
name: Stavropoulos, I.
name: Kalapotharakos, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dissipationless N-body models of rotating galaxies, iso-energetic to a non-rotating model, are examined as regards the mass in regular and in chaotic motion. The values of their spin parameters $λ$ are near the value $λ=0.22$ of our Galaxy. We obtain the distinction between the sets of particles moving in regular and in chaotic orbits and we show that the spatial distribution of these two sets of particles is much different. The rotating models are characterized by larger fractions of mass in chaotic motion ($\thickapprox 65%$) compared with the fraction of mass in chaotic motion in the non-rotating iso-energetic model ($\thickapprox 32%$). Furthermore, the Lyapunov numbers of the chaotic orbits in the rotating models become by about one order of magnitude larger than in the non-rotating model. Chaotic orbits are concentrated preferably in values of the Jacobi integral around the value of the effective potential at the corotation radius. We find that density waves form a central rotating bar embedded in a thin and a thick disc with exponential surface density profile. A surprising new result is that long living spiral arms are exited on the disc, composed almost completely by chaotic orbits. The bar excites an $m=2$ mode of spiral waves on the surface density of the disc, emanating from the corotation radius. These spiral waves are deformed, fade, or disappear temporarily, but they grow again re-forming a well developed spiral pattern. Spiral arms are discernible up to 20 or 30 rotations of the bar (lasting for about a Hubble time).
description: 30 pages, 17 figures (low resolution). Revised version. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. For high resolution figures please send email to ckalapot@phys.uoa.gr
Prionotylus brevicornis
Creators: name: Valcárcel, Javier Pérez
name: Piloña, Fernando Prieto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Coreidae
Prionotylus
Prionotylus brevicornis

description: Prionotylus brevicornis (Mulsant & Rey, 1852)
Citas bibliográficas:
Zaragoza: sin precisión (Moulet, 1995); Retuerta de Pina (Ribes et al., 1997)
description: Published as part of Valcárcel, Javier Pérez & Piloña, Fernando Prieto, 2011, Contribuciones al catálogo de la familia Coreidae Leach, 1815 (Hemiptera) de Aragón (NE de la Península Ibérica)., pp. 9-20 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 5 on page 14, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11372912
Comparison of Fourier and model-based estimators in single mode multiaxial interferometry
Creators: name: Tatulli, E.
name: LeBouquin, J. -B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There are several solutions to code the signal arising from optical long baseline multi-aperture interferometers. In this paper,we focus on the {\bf non homothetic spatial coding scheme} (multiaxial) with the fringe pattern coded along one dimension on one detector(all-in-one). After describing the physical principles governing single mode interferometers using that sort of recombination scheme, we analyze two different existing methods that measure the source visibility. The first technique, so-called Fourier estimator, consists in integrating the high frequency peak of the power spectral density of the interferogram. The second method, so-called model-based estimator, has been specifically developed for the AMBER instrument of the VLTI and deals with directly modelling the interferogram recorded on the detector. Performances of both estimators are computed in terms of Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) of the visibility, assuming that the interferograms are perturbed by photon and detector noises. Theoretical expressions of the visibility SNR are provided, validated through numerical computations and then compared. We show that the model-based estimator offers up to 5 times better performances than the Fourier one.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures. Accepted in MNRAS
Impurity-impurity pair correlation function and paramagnetic-ferromagnetic phase transition in the random Ising model
Creators: name: Ivaneyko, D.
name: Berche, B.
name: Holovatch, Yu.
name: Ilnytskyi, Ja.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this Monte Carlo study we concentrated on the influence of non-magnetic impurities arranged as the lines with random orientation on paramagnetic-to-ferromagnetic phase transition in the 3D Ising model. Special emphasize is given to the long-distance decay of the impurity-impurity pair correlation function. It is shown that for the lattice sizes considered (L=10-96) and for the two different impurity distributions (purely random and mutually avoiding lines) the function is governed by the power law of 1/r^a with an universal exponent a \simeq 2. This result supports our findings about the numerical values of the critical exponents governing magnetic phase transition in the 3D Ising model with long-range-correlated disorder.
description: 4 pages, submitted to the proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Quantum Electrodynamics and Statistical Physics (Kharkiv, Ukraine, 19-23 September, 2006)
An Isomonodromy Cluster of Two Regular Singularities
Creators: name: Kitaev, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34M55, 33E17, 33E30

description: We consider a linear $2\times2$ matrix ODE with two coalescing regular singularities. This coalescence is restricted with an isomonodromy condition with respect to the distance between the merging singularities in a way consistent with the ODE. In particular, a zero-distance limit for the ODE exists. The monodromy group of the limiting ODE is calculated in terms of the original one. This coalescing process generates a limit for the corresponding nonlinear systems of isomonodromy deformations. In our main example the latter limit reads as $P_6\to P_5$, where $P_n$ is the $n$-th Painlevé equation. We also discuss some general problems which arise while studying the above-mentioned limits for the Painlevé equations.
description: 44 pages, 8 figures
Hansenocaris undetermined
Creators: name: Olesen, Jørgen
name: Grygier, Mark J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Maxillopoda
Hansenocarididae
Hansenocaris
Hansenocaris undetermined

description: Y-nauplius Type O*
Figs 2, 16F–J
Type O* – Dreyer et al. 2023a: figs 3, 5a, c, tables s1–s2.
Material examined
JAPAN – Okinawa, Sesoko I., laboratory pier, 26°38ʹ09.4ʺ N, 127°51ʹ55.2ʺ E • 5 LSN; 1991–2005 • 66 LSN, 11 of which molted to cyprids; 2018–2019 (Tables 1 and S1).
Description
LAST-STAGE NAUPLIUS (LSN). Lecithotrophic. Body ovate in dorso-ventral view; about 1.6 times as long as wide, with lateral margins showing slight concavity at transition from cephalic shield to trunk. In lateral view, trunk axis downturned ca 40° with respect to cephalic axis. Length 240–280 µm (without dorso-caudal spine), greatest width ca 150 µm, greatest dorso-ventral thickness ca 100 µm. Labrum produced as sub-trapezoidal elevation divided into facets by cuticular ridges; pores not examined in detail, but at least two in posterior half of midline and one pair in postero-lateral corners. Caudal end nearly acute, terminating in smooth, pointed, ca 20 µm long dorso-caudal spine with axis upturned 25° relative to trunk axis, this spine being accompanied ventrally by pair of triangular, ca 5–10 µm long furcal spines.
CYPRID VIEWED THROUGH CUTICLE OF LSN. Body overall transparent but with weakly orange- or browncolored yolk granules in central gut-like tube. Typically with pair of transparent vesicles along anterior margin of cephalic shield. Telson approximately as long as wide and about half as long as thorax, with pair of transparent vesicles anteriorly.
Identification and variation
Recognizable by the combination of its ovate/triangular body shape and its small size, general transparency and small caudal spines. Some variation among specimens in body size, length-width ratio and precise size of the caudal spines suggests that this morphospecies may include more than one species.
Distribution
Japan (Sesoko Island, Okinawa).
description: Published as part of Olesen, Jørgen & Grygier, Mark J., 2024, Taxonomic diversity of marine planktonic ' y-larvae' (Crustacea: Facetotecta) from a coral reef hotspot locality (Japan, Okinawa), with a key to y-nauplii, pp. 1-90 in European Journal of Taxonomy 929 (1) on pages 41-43, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2024.929.2479, http://zenodo.org/record/10876286
A model of diffuse Galactic Radio Emission from 10 MHz to 100 GHz
Creators: name: de Oliveira-Costa, Angelica
name: Tegmark, Max
name: Gaensler, B. M.
name: Jonas, Justin
name: Landecker, T. L.
name: Reich, Patricia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding diffuse Galactic radio emission is interesting both in its own right and for minimizing foreground contamination of cosmological measurements. Cosmic Microwave Background experiments have focused on frequencies > 10 GHz, whereas 21 cm tomography of the high redshift universe will mainly focus on < 0.2 GHz, for which less is currently known about Galactic emission. Motivated by this, we present a global sky model derived from all publicly available total power large-area radio surveys, digitized with optical character recognition when necessary and compiled into a uniform format, as well as the new Villa Elisa data extending the 1.4 GHz map to the entire sky. We quantify statistical and systematic uncertainties in these surveys by comparing them with various global multi-frequency model fits. We find that a principal component based model with only three components can fit the 11 most accurate data sets (at 10, 22, 45 & 408 MHz and 1.4, 2.3, 23, 33, 41, 61, 94 GHz) to an accuracy around 1%-10% depending on frequency and sky region. Both our data compilation and our software returning a predicted all-sky map at any frequency from 10 MHz to 100 GHz are publicly available at http://space.mit.edu/home/angelica/gsm .
description: Accuracy improved with 5-year WMAP data. Our data, software and new foreground-cleaned WMAP map are available at https://ascl.net/1011.010
Specialising Neural-network Quantum States for the Bose Hubbard Model
Creators: name: Pei, Michael Y.
name: Clark, Stephen R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Projected variational wavefunctions such as the Gutzwiller, many-body correlator and Jastrow ansatzes have provided crucial insight into the nature of superfluid-Mott insulator transition in the Bose Hubbard model (BHM) in two or more spatial dimensions. However, these ansatzes have no obvious tractable and systematic way of being improved. A promising alternative is to use Neural-network quantum states (NQS) based on Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBMs). With binary visible and hidden units NQS have proven to be a highly effective at describing quantum states of interacting spin-1/2 lattice systems. The application of NQS to bosonic systems has so far been based on one-hot encoding from machine learning where the multi-valued site occupation is distributed across several binary-valued visible units of an RBM. Compared to spin-1/2 systems one-hot encoding greatly increases the number of variational parameters whilst also making their physical interpretation opaque. Here we revisit the construction of NQS for bosonic systems by reformulating a one-hot encoded RBM into a correlation operator applied to a reference state, analogous to the structure of the projected variational ansatzes. In this form we then propose a number of specialisations of the RBM motivated by the physics of the BHM and the ability to capture exactly the projected variational ansatzes. We analyse in detail the variational performance of these new RBM variants for a 10 x 10 BHM, using both a standard Bose condensate state and a pre-optimised Jastrow + many-body correlator state as the reference state of the calculation. Several of our new ansatzes give robust results as nearly good as one-hot encoding across the regimes of the BHM, but at a substantially reduced cost. Such specialised NQS are thus primed tackle bosonic lattice problems beyond the accuracy of classic variational wavefunctions.
description: 25 pages, 11 figures and 3 appendices
title: Selected published works : contributions to economic development policy and theory
title: Contributions to economic development policy and theory
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Fisk, E. K
Publisher: name: Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Economic development
subject: Malaysia Economic policy
subject: Papua New Guinea Economic policy
subject: Pacific Area Economic policy

description: v.1. Contributions to policy: Malaysia and Papua New Guinea -- v.2. Contributions to policy: the Pacific and general --v.3. Contributions to theory & empirical studies
Nonlinear Polarization Transfer and Control of Two Laser Beams Overlapping in a Uniform Nonlinear Medium
Creators: name: Kur, Eugene
name: Lazarow, Malcolm
name: Wurtele, Jonathan S.
name: Michel, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A scheme for polarization control using two laser beams in a non-linear optical medium is studied using both co- and counter-propagating beam geometries. In particular, we show that under certain conditions it is possible for two laser beams to exchange their polarization states. A model accounting for a more realistic, 2D propagation geometry is presented. The 2D model produces drastically different results (compared to the 1D propagation geometry), creating difficulties for implementing polarization control in a realistic setting. A proposal for overcoming these difficulties by reducing the non-linear optical medium to a thin slab is presented.
Intrinsically Disordered Proteins at the Nano-scale
Creators: name: Ehm, Tamara
name: Shinar, Hila
name: Meir, Sagi
name: Sekhon, Amandeep
name: Sethi, Vaishali
name: Morgan, Ian L.
name: Rahamim, Gil
name: Saleh, Omar A.
name: Beck, Roy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The human proteome is enriched in proteins that do not fold into a stable 3D structure. These intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) spontaneously fluctuate between a large number of configurations in their native form. Remarkably, the disorder does not lead to dysfunction as with denatured folded proteins. In fact, unlike denatured proteins, recent evidences strongly suggest that multiple biological functions stem from such structural plasticity. Here, focusing on the nanoscopic length-scale, we review the latest advances in IDP research and discuss some of the future directions in this highly promising field.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
Multiples of lattice polytopes without interior lattice points
Creators: name: Batyrev, Victor
name: Nill, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52B20, 14M25

description: Let $Δ$ be an $n$-dimensional lattice polytope. The smallest non-negative integer $i$ such that $k Δ$ contains no interior lattice points for $1 \leq k \leq n - i$ we call the degree of $Δ$. We consider lattice polytopes of fixed degree $d$ and arbitrary dimension $n$. Our main result is a complete classification of $n$-dimensional lattice polytopes of degree $d=1$. This is a generalization of the classification of lattice polygons $(n=2)$ without interior lattice points due to Arkinstall, Khovanskii, Koelman and Schicho. Our classification shows that the secondary polytope of a lattice polytope of degree 1 is always a simple polytope.
description: AMS-LaTeX, 13 pages; typos corrected, reference added
Crossing symmetry and the crossing map
Creators: name: da Silva, Ricardo Correa
name: Giorgetti, Luca
name: Lechner, Gandalf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce and study the crossing map, a closed linear map acting on operators on the tensor square of a given Hilbert space that is inspired by the crossing property of quantum field theory. This map turns out to be closely connected to Tomita--Takesaki modular theory. In particular, crossing symmetric operators, namely those operators that are mapped to their adjoints by the crossing map, define endomorphisms of standard subspaces. Conversely, such endomorphisms can be integrated to crossing symmetric operators. We also investigate the relation between crossing symmetry and natural compatibility conditions with respect to unitary representations of certain symmetry groups, and furthermore introduce a generalized crossing map defined by a real object in an abstract $C^*$-tensor category, not necessarily consisting of Hilbert spaces and linear maps. This latter crossing map turns out to be closely related to the (unshaded, finite-index) subfactor theoretical Fourier transform. Lastly, we provide families of solutions of the crossing symmetry equation, solving in addition the categorical Yang--Baxter equation, associated with an arbitrary Q-system.
Learning from Disaster: Resilience and Crisis Management in Japan (1923—2016)
Creators: name: Whitney, Justin Robert
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Japan, Disasters, Emergencies, Learning, Social Learning, Learning Across Scales, Resilience

description: How has the repeated experience of disasters in Japan influenced the capacity of its crisis management stakeholders to cope with such events? Through a series of qualitative case studies of disasters between 1923 and 2016, this thesis considers how the learning approach in Japan has changed over the past century and why. The focus of this study is Japan’s three tiers of government, as well as stakeholders including not-for-profit organisations, the Council for Social Welfare (Shakyō), and a range of other associations that have traditionally been part of Japan’s disaster relief and recovery efforts. This thesis argues that as disasters may not necessarily occur in the same location, for a nation to be resilient, there needs to be a capacity for knowledge to be transferred from one context to another. This thesis thus searches for direct pathways of teaching and learning between disasters, and considers the mechanisms, institutions or strategies that facilitate or impede this transfer. Through this study, it has been found that historically, Japan has done much better at transferring the experience from a disaster across temporal boundaries than spatial ones. It was common, for example, for regions to refer to physically proximal disasters as sources of learning, even if that event had occurred centuries before. The 1961 enactment of the Basic Act on Disaster Countermeasures paved the way for a more robust framework for knowledge transfer both within and between the tiers of government in Japan. While this framework did not function as expected in the aftermath of the 1995 Great Hanshin-Awaji earthquake, as it had remained largely untested, I argue that it played a crucial role as a benchmark for learning. This thesis finds that the existence of this benchmark helped to trigger horizontal and vertical integration of Japan’s disaster management arrangements, which have in turn facilitated boundary processes and improved the transfer of knowledge. It also finds, however, that while this has better-prepared jurisdictions that have not yet experienced a major disaster, questions remain as to whether too much experience has led to the undermining of some aspects of learning even in the most recent disaster events. These findings have important implications when considering how to benefit from the experience of disasters.
Angular dependence of magnetoresistance and planar Hall effect in semimetals in strong magnetic fields
Creators: name: Yamada, Akiyoshi
name: Fuseya, Yuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The semiclassical transport theory is especially powerful for investigating galvanomagnetic effects. Generally, the semiclassical theory is applicable only in weak fields because it does not consider Landau quantization. Herein, we extend the conventional semiclassical theory by considering Landau quantization through the field dependence of carrier density in semimetals. The extended semiclassical theory is applicable even in strong fields, where Landau quantization is noticeable. Using this new approach, we explain the qualitative change in the angular dependence of transverse magnetoresistance (TMR), anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR), and planar Hall effect (PHE) in bismuth with an increase in the magnetic field. This unveils the puzzle of nontrivial field-induced changes in TMR, AMR, and PHE observed recently in semimetal bismuth.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Large inverse tunneling magnetoresistance in Co$_2$Cr$_{0.6}$Fe$_{0.4}$Al/MgO/CoFe magnetic tunnel junctions
Creators: name: Rata, A. D.
name: Braak, H.
name: Buergler, D. E.
name: Schneider, C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic tunnel junctions with the layer sequence Co$_2$Cr$_{0.6}$Fe$_{0.4}$Al/MgO/CoFe were fabricated by magnetron sputtering at room temperature (RT). The samples exhibit a large inverse tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) effect of up to -66% at RT. The largest value of -84% at 20 K reflects a rather weak influence of temperature. The dependence on the voltage drop shows an unusual behavior with two almost symmetric peaks at $\pm600$ mV with large inverse TMR ratios and small positive values around zero bias.
Do Newton's G and Milgrom's a_0 vary with cosmological epoch ?
Creators: name: Bekenstein, Jacob D.
name: Sagi, Eva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the scalar tensor gravitational theories Newton's constant G_N evolves in the expanding universe. Likewise, it has been speculated that the acceleration scale a_0 in Milgrom's modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) is tied to the scale of the cosmos, and must thus evolve. With the advent of relativistic implementations of the modified dynamics, one can address the issue of variability of the two gravitational ''constants'' with some confidence. Using TeVeS, the Tensor-Vector-Scalar gravitational theory, as an implementation of MOND, we calculate the dependence of G_N and a_0 on the TeVeS parameters and the coeval cosmological value of its scalar field, ϕ_c. We find that G_N, when expressed in atomic units, is strictly nonevolving, a result fully consistent with recent empirical limits on the variation of G_N. By contrast, we find that a_0 depends on ϕ_c and may thus vary with cosmological epoch. However, for the brand of TeVeS which seems most promising, a_0 variation occurs on a timescale much longer than Hubble's, and should be imperceptible back to redshift unity or even beyond it. This is consistent with emergent data on the rotation curves of disk galaxies at significants redshifts.
description: 9 pages, RevTex
Physical meaning and measurement of the entropic parameter $q$ in an inhomogeneous magnetic systems
Creators: name: Reis, M. S.
name: Amaral, V. S.
name: Sarthour, R. S.
name: Oliveira, I. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present a thorough analysis of two systems magnetically inhomogeneous: the manganite La$_{0.7}$Sr$_{0.3}$MnO$_3$/MgO and the amorphous alloy Cu$_{90}$Co$_{10}$. In both cases, the non-extensive statistics yield a faithful description of the magnetic behavior of the systems. In the model proposed here, the inhomogeneous magnetic system is composed by many Maxwell-Boltzmann homogeneous bits and the entropic parameter $q$ is related to the moments of the distribution of the inhomogeneous quantity. From the analysis of Scanning Tunnelling Spectroscopy (STS) images, the $q$ parameter can be directly measured.
The Fire and the Mirror
Creators: name: Patrick Carodine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: In Unified Theistic Naturalism (UTN), ego is seen not as an entity but as movement—oscillation away from Presence. Within this frame, conflict between individuals becomes something deeper than disagreement: it becomes a living revelation. This paper explores what occurs when a Seer—one who no longer oscillates—encounters a Sufferer in full bloom of distortion. What is revealed is not just the suffering of the other, but the final refinement of the Seer’s own unseen remnants. Through fire, the mirror of suffering reflects clarity. And through that clarity, the Seer steps not into compromise, but into Perfect Action. This is not conflict resolution—it is Presence completing itself. Paradise breathes not through persuasion, but through revelation.
Decohering histories and open quantum systems
Creators: name: Chisolm, Eric D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I briefly review the ''decohering histories'' or ''consistent histories'' formulation of quantum theory, due to Griffiths, Omnes, and Gell-Mann and Hartle (and the subject of my graduate work with George Sudarshan). I also sift through the many meanings that have been attached to decohering histories, with an emphasis on the most basic one: Decoherence of appropriate histories is needed to establish that quantum mechanics has the correct classical limit. Then I will describe efforts to find physical mechanisms that do this. Since most work has focused on density matrix versions of decoherence, I'll consider the relation between the two formulations, which historically has not been straightforward. Finally, I'll suggest a line of research that would use recent results by Sudarshan to illuminate this aspect of the classical limit of quantum theory.
description: References added and discussion slightly modified in Section 3
Study of quantum non-locality by CHSH function and its extension in disordered fermions
Creators: name: Kuno, Yoshihito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum non-locality is an important concept in quantum physics. In this work, we study the quantum non-locality in a fermion many-body system under quasi-periodic disorders. The Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt (CHSH) inequality is systematically investigated, which quantifies quantum non-locality between two sites. We find that the quantum non-locality explicitly characterize the extended and critical phase transitions, and further that in the globally averaged picture of maximum value of the quantum non-locality the CHSH inequality is not broken, but for a local pair in the internal of the system the violation probability of the CHSH inequality becomes sufficiently finite. Further we investigate an extension of the CHSH inequality, Mermin-Klyshko-Svetlichny (MKS) polynomials, which can characterize multipartite quantum non-locality. We also find a similar behavior to the case of CHSH inequality. In particular, in the critical regime and on a transition point, the adjacent three qubit MKS polynomial in a portion of the system exhibits a quantum non-local violation regime with a finite probability.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Urban Street Network Design and Transport-Related Greenhouse Gas Emissions around the World
Creators: name: Boeing, Geoff
name: Pilgram, Clemens
name: Lu, Yougeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This study estimates the relationships between street network characteristics and transport-sector CO2 emissions across every urban area in the world and investigates whether they are the same across development levels and urban design paradigms. The prior literature has estimated relationships between street network design and transport emissions -- including greenhouse gases implicated in climate change -- primarily through case studies focusing on certain world regions or relatively small samples of cities, complicating generalizability and applicability for evidence-informed practice. Our worldwide study finds that straighter, more-connected, and less-overbuilt street networks are associated with lower transport emissions, all else equal. Importantly, these relationships vary across development levels and design paradigms -- yet most prior literature reports findings from urban areas that are outliers by global standards. Planners need a better empirical base for evidence-informed practice in under-studied regions, particularly the rapidly urbanizing Global South.
Magnetization relaxation and search for the magnetic gap in bulk-insulating V-doped (Bi, Sb)$_2$Te$_3$
Creators: name: Golias, E.
name: Weschke, E.
name: Flanagan, T.
name: Schierle, E.
name: Richardella, A.
name: Rienks, E. D. L.
name: Mandal, P. S.
name: Varykhalov, A.
name: Sánchez-Barriga, J.
name: Radu, F.
name: Samarth, N.
name: Rader, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: V-doped (Bi,Sb)$_2$Te$_3$ has a ten times higher magnetic coercivity than its Cr-doped counterpart and therefore is believed to be a superior system for the quantum anomalous Hall effect (QAHE). The QAHE requires the opening of a magnetic band gap at the Dirac point. We do not find this gap by angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy down to 1 K. By x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) we directly probe the magnetism at the V site and in zerofield. Hysteresis curves of the XMCD signal show a strong dependence of the coercivity on the ramping velocity of the magnetic field. The XMCD signal decays on a time scale of minutes which we conclude contributes to the absence of a detectable magnetic gap at the Dirac point.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures
The de Sitter swampland conjectures in the context of Chaplygin-inspired inflation
Creators: name: Bertolami, Orfeu
name: Potting, Robertus
name: Sá, Paulo M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we discuss the de Sitter swampland conjectures in the context of the generalized Chaplygin-inspired inflationary model. We demonstrate that these conjectures can be satisfied, but only in the region of the parameter space far away from the General Relativity limit. The cosmic microwave background data had already been found to restrict the allowed inflationary potentials of this model. Our results impose a further limitation on the possible potentials.
description: 4 pages, matches published version
Gravitational Models Explain Shifts on Human Visual Attention
Creators: name: Zanca, Dario
name: Gori, Marco
name: Melacci, Stefano
name: Rufa, Alessandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Visual attention refers to the human brain's ability to select relevant sensory information for preferential processing, improving performance in visual and cognitive tasks. It proceeds in two phases. One in which visual feature maps are acquired and processed in parallel. Another where the information from these maps is merged in order to select a single location to be attended for further and more complex computations and reasoning. Its computational description is challenging, especially if the temporal dynamics of the process are taken into account. Numerous methods to estimate saliency have been proposed in the last three decades. They achieve almost perfect performance in estimating saliency at the pixel level, but the way they generate shifts in visual attention fully depends on winner-take-all (WTA) circuitry. WTA is implemented} by the biological hardware in order to select a location with maximum saliency, towards which to direct overt attention. In this paper we propose a gravitational model (GRAV) to describe the attentional shifts. Every single feature acts as an attractor and {the shifts are the result of the joint effects of the attractors. In the current framework, the assumption of a single, centralized saliency map is no longer necessary, though still plausible. Quantitative results on two large image datasets show that this model predicts shifts more accurately than winner-take-all.
Adiabatic optical entanglement between electron spins in separate quantum dots
Creators: name: Saikin, S. K.
name: Emary, C.
name: Steel, D. G.
name: Sham, L. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an adiabatic approach to the design of entangling quantum operations with two electron spins localized in separate InAs/GaAs quantum dots via the Coulomb interaction between optically-excited localized states. Slowly-varying optical pulses minimize the pulse noise and the relaxation of the excited states. An analytic "dressed state" solution gives a clear physical picture of the entangling process, and a numerical solution is used to investigate the error dynamics. For two vertically-stacked quantum dots we show that, for a broad range of dot parameters, a two-spin state with concurrence $C>0.85$ can be obtained by four optical pulses with durations $\sim 0.1 - 1$ ns.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Leibniz on the Empty Term ‘Nothing’
Creators: name: Costantini, Filippo
Publisher: name: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2021

description:

This paper discusses Leibniz’s treatment of the term ‘nihil’ that appears in some logical papers about the notion of Real Addition. First, the paper argues that the term should be understood as an empty (singular) term and that sentences with empty terms can be true (§2). Second, it sketches a positive free logic to describe the logical behaviour of empty terms (§3). After explaining how this approach avoids a contradiction that threatens the introduction of the term ‘nihil’ in the Real Addition calculus (§4), and how this approach should be understood within Leibniz’s philosophy (§5), the paper assesses the prospects of such an approach with regard to two fundamental issues in Leibniz’s thought: the fictional nature of infinitesimals (§6), and the occurrence of the term ‘nothing’ in the proof of the existence of God that we find in the New Essays (§7).

description: JOLMA
Effects of deformation in the three-body structure of 11Li
Creators: name: Brida, I.
name: Nunes, F. M.
name: Brown, B. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: 11Li is studied within a three-body model 9Li+n+n where the core is allowed to be deformed and/or excite. In particular, we include reorientation couplings and couplings between the two bound states of 9Li. Contrary to the other examples studied within this model, we find that core excitation does not affect the structure of 11Li significantly. Reorientation couplings of the deformed 9Li can change the ground state of 11Li from a predominantly two neutron s1/2^2 configuration into a p1/2^2. In addition, we see no evidence for the existence of significant d-wave strength in its ground state, as opposed to the prediction by shell model. A comparison with shell model is presented.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures