cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Reinmann theory + mathematical inventions
Creators: name: Yıldırım, Begüm
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 490499
subject: Pure mathematics not elsewhere classified

description: The Riemann Hypothesis (RH), one of the most significant unsolved problems in mathematics, posits that all non-trivial zeros of the Riemann zeta function lie on the critical line (R(s)=1/2). Despite numerous attempts, a universal proof remains elusive. This paper introduces Functional Series Symmetry (FSS) ,Weighted Derivatives and Functional Level Theory (FLT), which together provide a structured approach to understanding the behavior of zeros.The author acknowledges the use of OpenAI’s language model for assistance in drafting certain sections of this workl
Exact Partition Functions for the $q$-State Potts Model with a Generalized Magnetic Field on Lattice Strip Graphs
Creators: name: Chang, Shu-Chiuan
name: Shrock, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the partition function of the $q$-state Potts model on arbitrary-length cyclic ladder graphs of the square and triangular lattices, with a generalized external magnetic field that favors or disfavors a subset of spin values $\{1,...,s\}$ with $s \le q$. For the case of antiferromagnet spin-spin coupling, these provide exactly solved models that exhibit an onset of frustration and competing interactions in the context of a novel type of tensor-product $S_s \otimes S_{q-s}$ global symmetry, where $S_s$ is the permutation group on $s$ objects.
description: 23 pages
Social support, stress, coping, and university adjustment in students entering university: a longitudinal study
Creators: name: Cohen, Jessica
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: coping
subject: longitudinal
subject: seeking social support
subject: social support
subject: stress
subject: university adjustment

description: The current study will examine how social support and stress over time predict university adjustment among freshmen students, and how seeking social support coping strategies plays a role.
The Outburst Decay of the Low Magnetic Field Magnetar SWIFT J1822.3-1606: Phase-resolved Analysis and Evidence for a Variable Cyclotron Feature
Creators: name: Castillo, Guillermo A. Rodríguez
name: Israel, Gian Luca
name: Tiengo, Andrea
name: Salvetti, David
name: Turolla, Roberto
name: Zane, Silvia
name: Rea, Nanda
name: Esposito, Paolo
name: Mereghetti, Sandro
name: Perna, Rosalba
name: Stella, Luigi
name: Pons, José A.
name: Campana, Sergio
name: Götz, Diego
name: Motta, Sara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the timing and spectral properties of the low-magnetic field, transient magnetar SWIFT J1822.3-1606 as it approached quiescence. We coherently phase-connect the observations over a time-span of ~500 days since the discovery of SWIFT J1822.3-1606 following the Swift-BAT trigger on 2011 July 14, and carried out a detailed pulse phase spectroscopy along the outburst decay. We follow the spectral evolution of different pulse phase intervals and find a phase and energy-variable spectral feature, which we interpret as proton cyclotron resonant scattering of soft photon from currents circulating in a strong (10^14 G) small-scale component of the magnetic field near the neutron star surface, superimposed to the much weaker (~3 x 10^13 G) magnetic dipole field. We discuss also the implications of the pulse-resolved spectral analysis for the emission regions on the surface of the cooling magnetar.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Analyzing Contractile Ring Dynamics in Mid-Embryogenesis of C. Elegans
Creators: name: Breen, Coleman
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: During cell division, a contractile ring made up of actin fibers, myosin motor ensembles, and cross linkers contracts to cleave one cell into two. How this large and complex molecular structure organizes and re-arranges as it constricts remains largely unknown. Our current research on the first embryonic division revealed that (1) as the contractile ring shrinks, it undergoes periodic speed oscillations and (2) these changes in speed are non-uniform around the ring. This suggests that the contractile ring is made up of semi-autonomous subunits rather than one uniformly constricting structure.
	To test how these behaviors are impacted by cell size, fate, and neighbor contacts, I propose to quantify and analyze speed oscillations and circumferential non-uniformity in various cells during early C. elegans embryonic development, when dividing cells become smaller, adopt distinct fates, and are connected to their neighbors by cell-cell junctions.
Push button reproduction attempt of a research claim from Balcells, L., & Kalyvas, S. N. (2014), in Journal of Conflict Resolution
Creators: name: Talbert, Eli
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: International and Area Studies

description: We selected the claim that irregular conflicts are likely to last longer compared to other conflicts; SNC ["symmetric nonconventional"] conflicts are likely to last longer than conventional conflicts but likely to be shorter than irregular ones (Hypothesis 1). The comparison of irregular conflicts to other conflicts is the portion of this hypothesis selected (Statement 2). This reflects the following statement from the paper's abstract: "We find that irregular conflicts last significantly longer than all other types of conflict..." (Statement 1). In order to test Hypothesis 1, the authors run a Weibull regression, estimating the effect of technologies of rebellion on the hazard of a civil war ending. They use the accelerated failure time specification, which indicates the effect of the covariates on the log survival time. The focal model is Model 4 in Table 1. The focal term is Irregular (conventional is the base category) (see Model 4, Table 1 for details) (Statement 3). The results, in Table 1, show that irregular conflicts last significantly longer than the other two, a result that is very robust to the inclusion of controls (from model 4: estimate for Irregular = 0.87, SE = 0.35, p < .05) (Statement 4). The focal test in the original paper is: irregular conflicts last significantly longer than the other two, a result that is very robust to the inclusion of controls (from model 4: estimate for Irregular = 0.87, SE = 0.35, p < .05)
Characterization of Tissue Engineered Cartilage as a Model for Osteoarthritis
Creators: name: Binion, Chase
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Characterization of the spatial and temporal gene expression of a novel protein product, CHADL, in chondrocyte development and extracellular matrix production. Looking at the effects of CHADL over-expression, knockout, and a physiologically-relevant 8 bp insertion in exon 3 on overall cartilage production.
On-chip Dual-comb based on Quantum Cascade Laser Frequency Combs
Creators: name: Villares, Gustavo
name: Wolf, Johanna
name: Kazakov, Dmitry
name: Süess, Martin J
name: Hugi, Andreas
name: Beck, Mattias
name: Faist, Jérôme
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dual-comb spectroscopy is emerging as one of the most appealing applications of mid-infrared frequency combs for high-resolution molecular spectroscopy, as it leverages on the unique coherence properties of frequency combs combined with the high sensitivities achievable by mid-infrared molecular spectroscopy. Here we present an on-chip dual-comb source based on mid-infrared quantum cascade laser frequency combs, where two frequency combs are integrated on a single chip. Control of the combs repetition and offset frequencies is obtained by integrating micro-heaters next to each laser. We show that a full control of the dual-comb system is possible, by measuring a multi-heterodyne beating corresponding to an optical bandwidth of 32 cm$^{-1}$ at a center frequency of 1330 cm$^{-1}$ (7.52 $μ$m), demonstrating that this device is ideal for compact dual-comb spectroscopy systems.
Supporting Immigrant Students and Their Learning Outcomes: A Look at Chapel Hill/Carrboro and New Hanover County Public Schools
Creators: name: Marable, Hannah
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: As the fifth fastest growing state in the country, receiving 113,000 people in 2018 alone, North Carolina is experiencing remarkable demographic change.  Nearly one million North Carolina residents have Latin American heritage, and immigrants make up 7.9% of the population.  In order to understand best practices in the education and integration of immigrants, I will conduct archival and primary qualitative research on the Chapel Hill/Carrboro school system. I will ask: How is the Chapel Hill/Carrboro school system working to improve the learning outcomes of immigrant students?  What are the schools doing to support these children and their families?  I will investigate the pre-existing materials and conduct interviews with principals, teachers, parents, and others.  While New Hanover County's community looks different – variety emerges mostly from local white and black communities, and is home to a less diverse group of immigrants – it can be compared to Chapel Hill/Carrboro schools.  I am working to understand how teachers, administrators, and support staff address the needs of students from immigrant families in New Hanover County, and how they hope to strengthen support for these students and parents in the years to come.
Effectiveness and safety of baricitinib in patients with alopecia areata: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Creators: name: Mohamed, Abdelrahman
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Since there is now no medication available that has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration, alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune condition that has a detrimental impact on individuals. Recent clinical trials using baricitinib demonstrated that it may be effective in treating AA. This meta-analysis was done to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of baricitinib in comparison to placebo. Author looked through Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, PubMed, for all published, randomized, clinical trials. This meta-analysis included 1282 participants from two citations (reporting three stand-alone studies). In term of SALT score, baricitinib significantly outperformed placebo; MD = -34.07, 95% CI [-37.90, -30.23], p < 0.00001. Additionally, the proportion of patients in the baricitinib group that attained SALT ≤20 was significantly higher than in the placebo group; RR =6.41, 95% CI [4.57, 8.98], p < 0.00001. The results of the safety analysis revealed no significant differences between the baricitinib and placebo groups for any of the outcomes with the exception of acne, which was significantly higher in the placebo group when compared to the baricitinib group (RR= 4.79, 95% CI [2.38, 9.66], p 0.0001). When compared to placebo, baricitinib is an effective and well-tolerated medication for the treatment of AA.
Cost-effectiveness analysis of hydrophilic-coated catheters in long-term intermittent catheter users in the UK
Creators: name: Baker, Hannah
name: Avey, Brooke
name: Rethmeier, Line Overbeck
name: Mealing, Stuart
name: Buchter, Marie Lynge
name: Averbeck, Márcio Augusto
name: Thiruchelvam, Nikesh
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: To estimate the cost-effectiveness of single-use hydrophilic-coated intermittent catheters (HCICs) versus single-use uncoated intermittent catheters (UICs) for urinary catheterization. The evaluation took a UK national health service (NHS) perspective. The population of interest were people using intermittent catheters, with either a spinal cord injury or multiple sclerosis. A Markov model was developed that estimated costs and clinical evidence over the lifetime of a hypothetical cohort and applied health-related quality of life estimates. Model inputs were sourced from published evidence, including a network meta-analysis to inform the treatment effect (reduction in catheter-associated urinary tract infections [CAUTIs]), and were supported by expert opinion. The model outputs included per-patient lifetime costs, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and the incremental cost effectiveness ratio (ICER). Event counts were also produced. Using HCICs instead of UICs could prevent seven CAUTI events per patient over a lifetime horizon (1.8 requiring secondary care). Overall, lifetime use of HCICs is £3,183 more expensive than use of UICs per patient. However, for these additional costs, 0.55 QALYs are gained. The ICER is £5,755 per additional QALY gained. Key drivers of the model results were identified and subject to sensitivity analyses. The results were found to be robust to parameter uncertainty. HCICs are likely to be a cost-effective alternative to UICs, a result driven by substantial reductions in the number of CAUTIs. Their adoption across clinical practice could avoid a substantial number of infections, freeing up resources in the NHS and reducing antibiotic use in urinary catheter users.
Lepton Flavour Violating top decays at the LHC
Creators: name: Davidson, Sacha
name: Mangano, Michelangelo L.
name: Perries, Stephane
name: Sordini, Viola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider lepton flavour violating decays of the top quark, mediated by four-fermion operators. We compile constraints on a complete set of SU(3)*U(1)-invariant operators, arising from their loop contributions to rare decays and from HERA's single top search. The bounds on e-mu flavour change are more restrictive than l-tau; nonetheless the top could decay to a jet $+ e \barμ$ with a branching ratio of order $10^{-3}$. We estimate that the currently available LHC data (20 inverse-fb at 8 TeV) could be sensitive to $BR(t \to e \barμ$+ jet) $ \sim 6\times 10^{-5}$, and extrapolate that 100 inverse-fb at 13 TeV could reach a sensitivity of $ \sim 1 \times 10^{-5}$.
description: 10 pages + Appendices
The effects of substrate stiffness on non-canonical Notch signaling
Creators: name: Young, Zachary
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Vascular barrier dysfunction is a major health complication and is associated with ischemia and cardiovascular disease. In a recent Nature paper, Polacheck et al. discovered that the Notch receptor in vascular endothelial cells plays a major role in a novel, force sensitive signaling pathway that regulates vascular barrier function. We asked whether activation of the NCNP by Notch ligand DLL4 changes due to a difference in  cell generated forces produced by growing vascular endothelial cells on polyacrylamide hydrogels of different stiffnesses. Overall, we found differences in phenotype based on the stiffness of the gel. There was no significant difference in Notch activation between our control group without DLL4 and our experimental group with DLL4.
A Systematic Review on Question Answering over Knowledge Bases
Creators: name: Pereira, Arnaldo
name: Trifan, Alina
name: Lopes, Rui
name: Oliveira, José
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: KBQA
subject: KB-QA
subject: Knowledge Base Question Answering
subject: QA
subject: Question Answering
subject: Systematic Review

description: Protocol for "A Systematic Review of Question Answering over Knowledge Bases."
Physicians’ experience in blood supply shortages and the top factors that impact the clinical, economic, and humanistic outcomes of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes in five European countries
Creators: name: Gupta, Shaloo
name: Kulasekararaj, Austin G.
name: Costantino, Halley
name: Grisolano, Jay
name: Tang, Jackson
name: Jones, Shalon
name: Tang, Derek
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Blood supply shortages may create unnecessary burden, including treatment delay, worsened quality of life, or increased healthcare resource utilization in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). This study examined physicians’ experience with blood supply shortages in the MDS population. Additionally, physicians’ perspectives on the factors that impact clinical, economic, and humanistic outcomes of patients with MDS were investigated. A total of 378 physicians primarily specializing in hematology/oncology across the UK, France, Germany, Italy, and Spain completed the survey (n ≈ 75 in each country). Physicians answered questions regarding adequacy of blood supply for patients with MDS who require red blood cell (RBC) transfusions and identified factors impacting the clinical, economic, and humanistic outcomes in the MDS population. Over 65% of physicians reported that their patients with MDS requiring RBC transfusions encountered RBC transfusion delays due to blood supply shortage. Among physicians who reported delays, 13.8% of patients were impacted, ranging from 11.0% in Spain to 19.4% in Italy. On average, patients experienced a 4.2-day delay in receiving RBC transfusions due to blood supply shortages, and 16.7% of patients required additional healthcare provider visits. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS), threshold hemoglobin levels, and age were the top factors reported by more than two-thirds of physicians that impact outcomes of patients with MDS. Our findings support the need for new treatments in MDS that reduce transfusions and thus blood supply needs, and that would have a beneficial effect on clinical, humanistic, and economic outcomes.
Creating More Effective Automated Feedback to Improve Web Based Learning for Low-Income Schools
Creators: name: Oliver, Addison
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description:  As a part of a larger project, this research serves to better equip the automated feedback on the web-based models that will be released for free to all schools regardless of privilege and accessibility to resources, to help engage the students in scientific discourse and improve their understanding of the science that is presented through these models.
Canonical growth conditions associated to ample line bundles
Creators: name: Nyström, David Witt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose a new construction which associates to any ample (or big) line bundle $L$ on a projective manifold $X$ a canonical growth condition (i.e. a choice of a psh function well-defined up to a bounded term) on the tangent space $T_p X$ of any given point $p$. We prove that it encodes such classical invariants as the volume and the Seshadri constant. Even stronger, it allows you to recover all the infinitesimal Okounkov bodies of $L$ at $p$. The construction is inspired by toric geometry and the theory of Okounkov bodies; in the toric case the growth condition is "equivalent" to the moment polytope. As in the toric case the growth condition says a lot about the Kähler geometry of the manifold. We prove a theorem about Kähler embeddings of large balls, which generalizes the well-known connection between Seshadri constants and Gromov width established by McDuff and Polterovich.
description: 34 pages. Added outline of proofs for the big case
Accuracy of tests to identify the disc, sacroiliac joint or facet joint as the nociceptive source of low back pain: protocol for a systematic review
Creators: name: Sharma, Sweekriti
name: Traeger, Adrian
name: Sharma, Saurab
name: Hancock, Mark
name: Harris, Ian
name: Cohen, Steve
name: Maher, Christopher
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of tests available to primary care clinicians to identify the disc, sacroiliac joint or facet joint as the source of low back pain.
Identification of Genes Necessary for Heat Shock Response in Tardigrades
Creators: name: Barber, Heather
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: This is the presentation portion of my Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) for the summer of 2019. I studied the heat shock response of the tardigrade Hypsibius exemplaris. I began to use RNAi to determine the effect of knockdown of suspected heat shock proteins in desiccation. I also worked on a project attempting to create transgenic tardigrades, during which I injected a tardigrade that then expressed worm proteins.
Dental caries and risk of newly-onset systemic lupus erythematosus: a nationwide population-based cohort study
Creators: name: Perng, Wuu-Tsun
name: Sheng-Kai, Kevin
name: Hung, Hsin-Yu
name: Tsai, Yi-Chieh
name: Huang, Jing-Yang
name: Liao, Pei-Lun
name: Hung, Yao-Min
name: Wei, James Cheng-Chung
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: This study investigated whether patients with history of dental caries are associated with an increased risk of newly-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). A total of 501,461 carious patients and 258,918 controls without carious teeth were enrolled between 1997 and 2013 from the National Health Insurance Research Database. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on restorative materials including amalgam, composite resins, or both. The cumulative incidence and hazard ratios (HRs) of SLE development were derived after adjusting for age, sex, socioeconomic status, income, insured classification, comorbidities, and frequency of dental visit in a multivariable model. The risk of SLE was significantly higher in carious patients (HR = 1.98, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.65–2.38) compared to controls. Dose-dependent relationship between caries and risk of SLE was identified. The risk of SLE was higher among those who had dental visits ≧11 (HR = 2.53, 95% CI = 1.86–3.43), followed by those with 3–10 dental visits (HR = 1.86, 95% CI = 1.36–2.54), when compared to those with 1–2 visits, and was higher among those who had carious teeth extractions ≧5 (HR = 1.88, 95% CI = 1.19–2.97), followed by those with 1–4 carious teeth extractions (HR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.17–1.59) than those without extraction. The risk of SLE for dental caries management among different restorative materials, including amalgam, composite resins, or both, was not statistically different. Patients with dental caries were associated with higher SLE risks. The relationship between dental caries and risk of SLE was dose-dependent, regardless of the material used for the restoration.
Early Experiences of Regret and Relief in Children
Creators: name: Jones, Alicia
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Developmental Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: This study aims to examine children’s experiences of regret and relief in a situation where they experience either a neutral outcome (in the relief condition) or a mildly negative outcome (in the regret condition).
Polarization microlensing in the quadruply imaged broad absorption line quasar H1413+117
Creators: name: Hutsemékers, D.
name: Sluse, D.
name: Braibant, L.
name: Anguita, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have obtained spectropolarimetric observations of the four images of the gravitationally lensed broad absorption line quasar H1413+117. The polarization of the microlensed image D is significantly different both in the continuum and in the broad lines from the polarization of image A which is essentially unaffected by microlensing. The observations suggest that the continuum is scattered off two regions spatially separated and producing roughly perpendicular polarizations. These results are compatible with a model in which the microlensed polarized continuum comes from a compact region located in the equatorial plane close to the accretion disk and the non-microlensed continuum from an extended region located along the polar axis.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics; minor changes (language editing)
Majorana modes in a triple-terminal Josephson junction with embedded parallel-coupled double quantum dots
Creators: name: Yi, Guang-Yu
name: Wang, Xiao-Qi
name: Gao, Zhen
name: Wu, Hai-Na
name: Gong, Wei-Jiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the Josephson effect in one triple-terminal junction with embedded parallel-coupled double quantum dots. It is found that the inter-superconductor supercurrent has opportunities to oscillate in $4π$ period, with the adjustment of the phase differences among the superconductors. What is notable is that such a result is robust and independent of fermion parities, intradot Coulomb strength, and the dot-superconductor coupling manner. By introducing the concept of spinful many-particle Majorana modes, we present the analytical definition of the Majorana operator via superposing electron and hole operators. It can be believed that this work provide a simple but feasible proposal for the realization of Majorana modes in a nonmagnetic system.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Job Corps Vocational Rehabilitation Randomized Controlled Trial
Creators: name: Mann, David
name: Hock, Heinrich
name: Stapleton, David
name: Hill, Anna
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: This randomized controlled trial will assess Job Corps as an option for helping transition-age youth Vocational Rehabilitation (VR) clients launch successfully into the adult workforce and become self-sufficient.
The spectral energy distribution of galaxies at z > 2.5: Implications from the Herschel/SPIRE color-color diagram
Creators: name: Yuan, F. -T.
name: Buat, V.
name: Burgarella, D.
name: Ciesla, L.
name: Heinis, S.
name: Shen, S.
name: Shao, Z.
name: Hou, J. -L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the Herschel SPIRE color-color diagram to study the spectral energy distribution (SED) and the redshift estimation of high-z galaxies. We compiled a sample of 57 galaxies with spectroscopically confirmed redshifts and SPIRE detections in all three bands at $z=2.5-6.4$, and compared their average SPIRE colors with SED templates from local and high-z libraries. We find that local SEDs are inconsistent with high-z observations. The local calibrations of the parameters need to be adjusted to describe the average colors of high-z galaxies. For high-z libraries, the templates with an evolution from z=0 to 3 can well describe the average colors of the observations at high redshift. Using these templates, we defined color cuts to divide the SPIRE color-color diagram into different regions with different mean redshifts. We tested this method and two other color cut methods using a large sample of 783 Herschel-selected galaxies, and find that although these methods can separate the sample into populations with different mean redshifts, the dispersion of redshifts in each population is considerably large. Additional information is needed for better sampling.
description: 17 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
ASSESSMENT OF PRE-MARITAL SEXUAL PRACTICE AND ITS CONCEQUENCES AMONG FEMALE STUDENTS IN AMBO UNIVERSITY
Creators: name: Bayissa Abdissa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012

description: Background: The vulnerability of young people especially young females for many reproductive health problems made it important to assess the magnitude of premarital sexual practice and its consequences among young females. Objectives: To assess the magnitude of premarital sexual practice and its consequences among female students in Ambo University February 2012. Methods: A cross sectional study design was conducted among a randomly selected sample of Ambo University female students from January to February 2012 by using a self-administered questionnaire. Bivariate and a multiple logistic regression were employed to determine independent predictors of premarital sex and its consequences among female students. The quantitative data was supported by the qualitative data that were obtained from four Focus Group Discussions. Results A total of 650 female students were involved in the study yielding 167 (25.7%) of sexually active respondents with a mean age at first sexual debut to be 16.9±2.7 years. About 90(53.9%) of sexually active respondents reported they started sex after joining the University. Finding from both quantitative and qualitative study suggests that pre-marital sex is associated with discussing sex and related issues with family, substance use and peer influence.
Effects of Metabolic Reprogramming Interventions on Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells
Creators: name: Ho, Alyssa
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: 	TNBCs comprise approximately 15-20% of all BC cases and are defined by their lack of expression of estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors, and excess HER2 protein. There are currently no approved targeted therapies available for patients with TNBC other than cytotoxic chemotherapy, resulting in elevated rates of cancer recurrence, metastasis, and mortality.

A promising area in nutrition and cancer research, with the potential to improve cancer outcomes, is dietary modification such as caloric restriction (CR) which has been shown to reduce tumor incidence, progression, and sensitization to some chemotherapeutic agents in preclinical TNBC murine models. 

While dietary interventions have shown promise for improving cancer outcomes in murine models, translating these approaches to humans has proven difficult. Major issues include a low tolerance of extreme diets (feasibility) and concerns about safe use of these interventions in cancer patients. Additionally, in response to the decrease in external nutrients and pro-growth signals during a fasting or CR state, cancer cells can generate energy by breaking down damaged cellular components to maintain homeostasis and viability through the process known as autophagy. Autophagy benefits cancer cells fighting for survival in nutrient-poor conditions, promoting tumor growth and, in some cases, metastasis. 

Our objective is to identify pharmacologic approaches, or metabolic reprogramming interventions (MRIs), which can be combined in innovative ways to recapitulate some or most of the beneficial effects of the previously mentioned dietary interventions. Moreover, we posit that the increased dependence on autophagy observed in fasting/CR can be exploited to improve efficacy of autophagy inhibitors – which are currently being tested in clinical trials for TNBC - and existing chemotherapies. Specifically, the purpose of this project is to examine the separate and combined effects of autophagy-inducing MRIs, autophagy inhibition, and carboplatin on murine TNBC progression.
Dielectrophoresis: An Approach to Increase Sensitivity, Reduce Response Time and to Suppress Nonspecific Binding in Biosensors?
Creators: name: Henriksson, Anders
name: Neubauer, Peter
name: Birkholz, Mario
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie
subject: dielectrophoresis
subject: biosensor
subject: diffusion
subject: mass-transfer
subject: non-specific interaction
subject: AC electrokinetics

description: The performance of receptor-based biosensors is often limited by either diffusion of the analyte causing unreasonable long assay times or a lack of specificity limiting the sensitivity due to the noise of nonspecific binding. Alternating current (AC) electrokinetics and its effect on biosensing is an increasing field of research dedicated to address this issue and can improve mass transfer of the analyte by electrothermal effects, electroosmosis, or dielectrophoresis (DEP). Accordingly, several works have shown improved sensitivity and lowered assay times by order of magnitude thanks to the improved mass transfer with these techniques. To realize high sensitivity in real samples with realistic sample matrix avoiding nonspecific binding is critical and the improved mass transfer should ideally be specific to the target analyte. In this paper we cover recent approaches to combine biosensors with DEP, which is the AC kinetic approach with the highest selectivity. We conclude that while associated with many challenges, for several applications the approach could be beneficial, especially if more work is dedicated to minimizing nonspecific bindings, for which DEP offers interesting perspectives.
Dental caries and risk of newly-onset systemic lupus erythematosus: a nationwide population-based cohort study
Creators: name: Perng, Wuu-Tsun
name: Sheng-Kai, Kevin
name: Hung, Hsin-Yu
name: Tsai, Yi-Chieh
name: Jing-Yang
name: Huang
name: Liao, Pei-Lun
name: Hung, Yao-Min
name: Wei, James Cheng-Chung
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: This study investigated whether patients with history of dental caries are associated with an increased risk of newly-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). A total of 501,461 carious patients and 258,918 controls without carious teeth were enrolled between 1997 and 2013 from the National Health Insurance Research Database. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on restorative materials included amalgam, composite resins, or both. The cumulative incidence and hazard ratios (HRs) of SLE development were derived after adjusting for age, sex, socioeconomic status, income, insured classification, comorbidities, and frequency of dental visit in a multivariable model. The risk of SLE was significantly higher in carious patients (HR= 1.98, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.65-2.38) compared to controls. Dose-dependent relationship between caries and risk of SLE was identified. The risk of SLE was higher among those who had dental visits ≧11 (HR= 2.53, 95% CI = 1.86-3.43), followed by those with 3-10 dental visits (HR= 1.86, 95% CI= 1.36-2.54), when compared to those with 1-2 visits, and was higher among those who had carious teeth extractions ≧5 (HR= 1.88, 95% CI= 1.19-2.97), followed by those with 1-4 carious teeth extractions (HR= 1.36, 95% CI = 1.17-1.59) than those without extraction. The risk of SLE for dental caries management among different restorative materials, including amalgam, composite resins, or both, was not statistically difference. Patients with dental caries were associated with higher SLE risks. The relationship between dental caries and risk of SLE was dose-dependent, regardless of the material used for the restoration.
Anisotropic pair correlations in binary and multicomponent hard-sphere mixtures in the vicinity of a hard wall: A combined density functional theory and simulation study
Creators: name: Härtel, Andreas
name: Kohl, Matthias
name: Schmiedeberg, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fundamental measure approach to classical density functional theory has been shown to be a powerful tool to predict various thermodynamic properties of hard-sphere systems. We employ this approach to determine not only one-particle densities but also two-particle correlations in binary and six-component mixtures of hard spheres in the vicinity of a hard wall. The broken isotropy enables us to carefully test a large variety of theoretically predicted two-particle features by quantitatively comparing them to the results of Brownian dynamics simulations. Specifically, we determine and compare the one-particle density, the total correlation functions, their contact values, and the force distributions acting on a particle. For this purpose, we follow the compressibility route and theoretically calculate the direct correlation functions by taking functional derivatives. We usually observe an excellent agreement between theory and simulations, except for small deviations in cases where local crystal-like order sets in. Our results set the course for further investigations on the consistency of functionals as well as for structural analysis on, e.g., the primitive model. In addition, we demonstrate that due to the suppression of local crystallization, the predictions of six-component mixtures are better than those in bidisperse or monodisperse systems. Finally, we are confident that our results of the structural modulations induced by the wall lead to a deeper understanding of ordering in anisotropic systems in general, the onset of heterogeneous crystallization, caging effects, and glassy dynamics close to a wall, as well as structural properties in systems with confinement.
Towards a new classification of galaxies: principal component analysis of CALIFA circular velocity curves
Creators: name: Kalinova, Veselina
name: Colombo, Dario
name: Rosolowsky, Erik
name: Kannan, Rahul
name: Galbany, Lluís
name: García-Benito, Rubén
name: Delgado, Rosa González
name: Sánchez, Sebastian F.
name: Ruiz-Lara, Tomás
name: Méndez-Abreu, Jairo
name: Catalán-Torrecilla, Cristina
name: Sánchez-Menguiano, Laura
name: de Lorenzo-Cáceres, Adriana
name: Costantin, Luca
name: Florido, Estrella
name: Kodaira, Keiichi
name: Marino, Raffaella A.
name: Läsker, Ronald
name: Bland-Hawthorn, Joss
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a galaxy classification system for 238 (E1-Sdm) CALIFA (Calar Alto Legacy Integral Field Area) galaxies based on the shapes and amplitudes of their circular velocity curves (CVCs). We infer the CVCs from the de-projected surface brightness of the galaxies, after scaling by a constant mass-to-light ratio based on stellar dynamics - solving axisymmetric Jeans equations via fitting the second velocity moment $V_{\mathrm{rms}}=\sqrt{V^2+σ^2}$ of the stellar kinematics. We use principal component analysis (PCA) applied to the CVC shapes to find characteristic features and use a $k$-means classifier to separate circular curves into classes. This objective classification method identifies four different classes, which we name slow-rising (SR), flat (FL), round-peaked (RP) and sharp-peaked (SP) circular curves. SR are typical for low-mass, late-type (Sb-Sdm), young, faint, metal-poor and disc-dominated galaxies. SP are typical for high-mass, early-type (E1-E7), old, bright, metal-rich and bulge-dominated galaxies. FL and RP appear presented by galaxies with intermediate mass, age, luminosity, metallicity, bulge-to-disk ratio and morphologies (E4-S0a, Sa-Sbc). The discrepancy mass factor, $f_d=1-M_{*}/M_{dyn}$, have the largest value for SR and SP classes ($\sim$ 74 per cent and $\sim$ 71 per cent, respectively) in contrast to the FL and RP classes (with $\sim$ 59 per cent and $\sim$ 61 per cent, respectively). Circular curve classification presents an alternative to typical morphological classification and appears more tightly linked to galaxy evolution.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS (Minor changes), 123 pages, 19 figures, 87 Tables (containing the basic properties of the 238 E1-Sdm galaxies; the five main Principal Component Eigenvectors; the five main Principal Components - PC_i; the Multi-Gaussian Expansion models - MGEs; the circular velocity curve models and their uncertainties)
The Uncoupling Proteins; a systematic review protocol on their role in preventing oxidative stress
Creators: name: Hirschenson, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology
subject: Oxidative stress
subject: Reactive oxygen species
subject: UCP-1
subject: UCP-2
subject: UCP-3
subject: Uncoupling proteins

description: Specifically, the work will focus on conducting an in-depth review of literature demonstrating that the uncoupling proteins inhibit mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by inducing what is referred to as “proton leaks”, which refers to the passive return of protons to the mitochondrial matrix, by-passing ATP synthase. The importance of this work stems from twenty years of empirical evidence demonstrating that the uncoupling proteins function in this capacity. However, despite this, the function of uncoupling proteins in suppressing mitochondrial ROS production is not universally accepted. Therefore, the goal of this systematic review is to provide a clear demonstration that the uncoupling proteins function in this manner, which will be achieved via the in-depth review of the literature.
A Time-Domain Finite-Difference Method for Bending Waves on Infinite Beams on an Elastic Foundation
Creators: name: Stampka, Katja
name: Sarradj, Ennes
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
subject: time-domain finite-difference method
subject: infinite beam
subject: elastic foundation

description: To model the vibration and structure-borne sound excitation and propagation of a railway rail, it can be modeled as an infinite beam on an elastic foundation. Existing analytical or numerical models are either formulated in the frequency domain or consider only finite beams in the time domain. Therefore, a time-domain approach for bending wave propagation on an effectively infinite beam on an elastic foundation is proposed. The approach makes use of an implicit finite-difference method that allows for varying properties of the beam and the foundation along the length of the beam. Strategies for an efficient discretization are discussed. The method is validated against existing analytical models for a single layer and two layers, as well as continuous and discrete support. The results show very good agreement, and it can be concluded that the proposed method can be seen as a versatile method for simulating the behavior of a beam on different kinds of elastic foundations.
Investigation of Listeria monocytogenes Attachment and Colonization on Plants
Creators: name: Clapper, Haley
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Listeria monocytogenes (LM) is a human pathogen and agent of listeriosis, a foodborne illness that can cause severe complications and death in immunocompromised individuals such as pregnant women and the elderly. LM has one of the highest mortality rates of foodborne illnesses, with 30% of patients dying due to infection. LM occurs ubiquitously in the environment, where it can attach to crops and infect animals that are ultimately consumed by humans. LM contamination of food products not only poses a major threat to human health, but to the food industry as well, costing between $2.3 and $22 billion per year. 
	Current research on LM largely investigates the clinical aspects of LM infection not LM in true environmental settings. Thus, little is known about LM in the environment and how it interacts with the flora and other soil microbes. To investigate LM plant colonization, we performed a hydroponic assay in which Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings were suspended in media and inoculated with LM. We first tested a range of media and found LM readily colonizes A. thaliana in minimal media. Next, we investigated the impact of coculturing LM with other soil microbes  and found that one of the organisms we tested may increase LM plant colonization. Lastly, we investigated the persistence of LM on the plant root by measuring colony-forming units (CFUs) at different time points, both in monoculture and in coculture with other soil microbes. We found that LM persists on the plant root with no significant decrease in CFUs up to 72 hours after colonization. However, further experiments are required to conclude the effects of additional soil microbes on LM persistence. These data demonstrate LM readily colonizes A. thaliana in this hydroponic assay, that LM persists on the plant root following colonization, and that coculturing with other microbes may impact LM colonization.
3D printing restorative materials using a stereolithographic technique: a scoping review
Creators: name: Collares, Kauê
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dental Materials
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Prosthodontics and Prosthodontology
subject: Dentistry
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: This study protocol aims to present through a scoping review a qualitative analysis of studies published on stereolithography-based 3D printing of restorative materials and their clinical applicability. It has been conducted based on the following PCC question: “What is the state of the art of available restorative materials for 3D printing using a stereolithography technique?" Data will be reported based on PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews, including publication details such as authors and their Countries, year and journal of publication, and study design. The synthesis is focus on describing the dental restorative materials evaluated, applied methods and 3D printers used.