cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Optimal Generators for Quantum Sensing
Creators: name: Reilly, Jarrod T.
name: Wilson, John Drew
name: Jäger, Simon B.
name: Wilson, Christopher
name: Holland, Murray J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a computationally efficient method to derive the unitary evolution that a quantum state is most sensitive to. This allows one to determine the optimal use of an entangled state for quantum sensing, even in complex systems where intuition from canonical squeezing examples breaks down. In this paper we show that the maximal obtainable sensitivity using a given quantum state is determined by the largest eigenvalue of the quantum Fisher information matrix (QFIM) and, importantly, the corresponding evolution is uniquely determined by the coinciding eigenvector. Since we optimize the process of parameter encoding rather than focusing on state preparation protocols, our scheme is relevant for any quantum sensor. This procedure naturally optimizes multiparameter estimation by determining, through the eigenvectors of the QFIM, the maximal set of commuting observables with optimal sensitivity.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
K3 surfaces over finite fields with given L-function
Creators: name: Taelman, Lenny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J28, 14G15, 14K22, 11G25

description: The zeta function of a K3 surface over a finite field satisfies a number of obvious (archimedean and l-adic) and a number of less obvious (p-adic) constraints. We consider the converse question, in the style of Honda-Tate: given a function Z satisfying all these constraints, does there exist a K3 surface whose zeta-function equals Z? Assuming semi-stable reduction, we show that the answer is yes if we allow a finite extension of the finite field. An important ingredient in the proof is the construction of complex projective K3 surfaces with complex multiplication by a given CM field.
description: (v2: minor corrections, added numerical evidence by Kedlaya and Sutherland)
Rapid Diagnostic Test Performance Assessed Using Latent Class Analysis for the Diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum Placental Malaria
Creators: name: Meshnick, Steven R.
name: Ter Kuile, Feiko O.
name: Khairallah, Carole
name: Mwapasa, Victor
name: Taylor, Steve M.
name: Liu, Yunhao
name: Thwai, Kyaw L.
name: Kalilani-Phiri, Linda
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Placental malaria causes low birth weight and neonatal mortality in malaria-endemic areas. The diagnosis of placental malaria is important for program evaluation and clinical care, but is compromised by the suboptimal performance of current diagnostics. Using placental and peripheral blood specimens collected from delivering women in Malawi, we compared estimation of the operating characteristics of microscopy, rapid diagnostic test (RDT), polymerase chain reaction, and histopathology using both a traditional contingency table and a latent class analysis (LCA) approach. The prevalence of placental malaria by histopathology was 13.8%; concordance between tests was generally poor. Relative to histopathology, RDT sensitivity was 79.5% in peripheral and 66.2% in placental blood; using LCA, RDT sensitivities increased to 93.7% and 80.2%, respectively. Our results, if replicated in other cohorts, indicate that RDT testing of peripheral or placental blood may be suitable approaches to detect placental malaria for surveillance programs, including areas where intermittent preventive therapy in pregnancy is not used.
WGCM Infrastructure Panel (WIP) Terms of Reference
Creators: name: WGCM Infrastructure Panel (WIP)
name: WCRP Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP)
name: WCRP Earth System Modelling and Observations (ESMO)
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This document complies with the WCRP Guidelines on Membership and Responsibilities and ensures that the Working Group on Information for Modelling (WIP) has in place transparent, accountable, and effective procedures which honour the commitment and contribution of volunteering individuals, and ensure fairness, inclusion, and equity. Should the WCRP and/or Earth System Modelling and Observations (ESMO) Core Project guidelines change, this document will be updated.
Feature space reduction method for ultrahigh-dimensional, multiclass data: Random forest-based multiround screening (RFMS)
Creators: name: Hanczár, Gergely
name: Stippinger, Marcell
name: Hanák, Dávid
name: Kurbucz, Marcell T.
name: Törteli, Olivér M.
name: Chripkó, Ágnes
name: Somogyvári, Zoltán
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.6; I.2.1; G.3
subject: 62G05, 68T01, 62H30

description: In recent years, numerous screening methods have been published for ultrahigh-dimensional data that contain hundreds of thousands of features; however, most of these features cannot handle data with thousands of classes. Prediction models built to authenticate users based on multichannel biometric data result in this type of problem. In this study, we present a novel method known as random forest-based multiround screening (RFMS) that can be effectively applied under such circumstances. The proposed algorithm divides the feature space into small subsets and executes a series of partial model builds. These partial models are used to implement tournament-based sorting and the selection of features based on their importance. To benchmark RFMS, a synthetic biometric feature space generator known as BiometricBlender is employed. Based on the results, the RFMS is on par with industry-standard feature screening methods while simultaneously possessing many advantages over these methods.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables
The National Institutes of Health Fogarty International Center Global Health Scholars and Fellows Program: Collaborating Across Five Consortia to Strengthen Research Training
Creators: name: Salisbury, Kathryn
name: Chi, Benjamin H.
name: Bale, Kimberly
name: Hobbs, Nicole
name: Thomas, Yolanda
name: Van Der Horst, Charles
name: Heimburger, Douglas C.
name: Riley, Lee W.
name: Strathdee, Steffanie
name: Cohen, Craig R.
name: Vermund, Sten H.
name: Hernandez, Maria T.
name: Zunt, Joseph R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: As demand for global health research training continues to grow, many universities are striving to meet the needs of trainees in a manner complementary to research priorities of the institutions hosting trainees, while also increasing capacity for conducting research. We provide an overview of the first 4 years of the Global Health Program for Fellows and Scholars, a collaboration of 20 U.S. universities and institutions spread across 36 low- and middle-income countries funded through the National Institutes of Health Fogarty International Center. We highlight many aspects of our program development that may be of interest to other multinational consortia developing global health research training programs.
A W' boson near 2 TeV: predictions for Run 2 of the LHC
Creators: name: Dobrescu, Bogdan A.
name: Liu, Zhen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a renormalizable theory that includes a $W'$ boson of mass in the 1.8-2 TeV range, which may explain the excess events reported by the ATLAS Collaboration in a $WZ$ final state, and by the CMS Collaboration in $e^+\!e^- jj$, $Wh^0$ and $jj$ final states. The $W'$ boson couples to right-handed quarks and leptons, including Dirac neutrinos with TeV-scale masses. This theory predicts a $Z'$ boson of mass in the 3.4-4.5 TeV range. The cross section times branching fractions for the narrow $Z'$ dijet and dilepton peaks at the 13 TeV LHC are 10 fb and 0.6 fb, respectively, for $M_{Z'}= 3.4$ TeV, and an order of magnitude smaller for $M_{Z'}= 4.5$ TeV.
description: 5 pages; v3: Corrections in Eqs. (4)-(6), new Eq. (13) and references, other minor improvements
Transport regimes for exciton-polaritons in disordered microcavities
Creators: name: Osipov, A. N.
name: Iorsh, I. V.
name: Yulin, A. V.
name: Shelykh, I. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Light-matter coupling in a planar optical cavity substantially modifies the transport regimes in the system in presence of a short range excitonic disorder. Basing on Master equation for a resonantly coupled exciton-photon system, and treating disorder scattering in the Born-Markov approximation we demonstrate the onset of ballistic and diffusive transport regimes in the limits of weak and strong disorder respectively. We show that transport parameters governing the crossover between these two regimes strongly depend on the parameters characterizing light-matter coupling, in particular Rabi energy and detuning between excitonic and photonic modes. The presented theory agrees with recent experimental data on transport in disordered organic microcavities.
Appendices to 'Formal health care costs among older people in Ireland: methods and estimates using The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA)'
Creators: name: May, Peter
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Economics
subject: Health Economics
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Geriatrics
subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Medical Specialties
subject: Palliative Care

description: This location provides the supplementary materials for the above paper.
The Weak Carbon Monoxide Emission In An Extremely Metal Poor Galaxy, Sextans A
Creators: name: Shi, Yong
name: Wang, Junzhi
name: Zhang, Zhi-Yu
name: Gao, Yu
name: Armus, Lee
name: Helou, George
name: Gu, Qiusheng
name: Stierwalt, Sabrina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Carbon monoxide (CO) is one of the primary coolants of gas and an easily accessible tracer of molecular gas in spiral galaxies but it is unclear if CO plays a similar role in metal poor dwarfs. We carried out a deep observation with IRAM 30 m to search for CO emission by targeting the brightest far-IR peak in a nearby extremely metal poor galaxy, Sextans A, with 7% Solar metallicity. A weak CO J=1-0 emission is seen, which is already faint enough to place a strong constraint on the conversion factor (a_CO) from the CO luminosity to the molecular gas mass that is derived from the spatially resolved dust mass map. The a_CO is at least seven hundred times the Milky Way value. This indicates that CO emission is exceedingly weak in extremely metal poor galaxies, challenging its role as a coolant in these galaxies.
description: 4 pages, 1 table, 4 figures. ApJL in press
Dosage of Sulfadoxine–Pyrimethamine and Risk of Low Birth Weight in a Cohort of Zambian Pregnant Women in a Low Malaria Prevalence Region
Creators: name: Vwalika, Bellington
name: Smid, Marcela
name: Kumwenda, Andrew
name: Stringer, Elizabeth
name: Stoner, Marie C.D.
name: Chi, Benjamin H.
name: Stringer, Jeff S.A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: In Lusaka, Zambia, where malaria prevalence is low, national guidelines continue to recommend that all pregnant women receive sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine (SP) for malaria prophylaxis monthly at every scheduled antenatal care visit after 16 weeks of gestation. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–positive women should receive co-trimoxazole prophylaxis for HIV and not SP, but many still receive SP. We sought to determine whether increased dosage of SP is still associated with a reduced risk of low birth weight (LBW) in an area where malaria transmission is low. Our secondary objective was to determine whether any association between SP and LBW is modified by receipt of antiretroviral therapy (ART). We analyzed data routinely collected from a cohort of HIV-positive pregnant women with singleton births in Lusaka, Zambia, between February 2006 and December 2012. We used a log-Poisson model to estimate the risk of LBW by dosage of SP and to determine whether the association between SP and LBW varied by receipt of ART. Risk of LBW declined as the number of doses increased and appeared lowest among women who received three doses (adjusted risk ratio [ARR] = 0.78; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.64–0.95). In addition, women receiving combination ART had a higher risk of delivering an LBW infant compared with women receiving no treatment or prophylaxis (ARR = 1.18; 95% CI = 1.09–1.28), but this risk was attenuated among women who were receiving SP (risk ratio = 1.09; 95% CI = 0.99–1.21). SP was associated with a reduced risk of LBW in HIV-positive women, including those receiving ART, in a low malaria prevalence region.
How old are you, really? Communicating chronic risk through ‘effective age’ of your body and organs
Creators: name: Spiegelhalter, David
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2016
Subjects: risk communication
real age
heart age
lung age
hazard ratio

description: In communicating chronic risks, there is increasing use of a metaphor that can be termed ‘effective-age’: the age of a ‘healthy’ person who has the same risk profile as the individual in question. Popular measures include ‘real-age’, ‘heart-age’, ‘lung-age’ and so on. Here we formally define this concept, and illustrate its use in a variety of areas. We explore conditions under which the years lost or gained that are associated with exposure to risk factors depends neither on current chronological age, nor the period over which the risk is defined. These conditions generally hold for all-cause adult mortality, which enables a simple and vivid translation from hazard-ratios to years lost or gained off chronological age. Finally we consider the attractiveness and impact of this concept. Under reasonable assumptions, the risks associated with specific behaviours can be expressed in terms of years gained or lost off your effective age. The idea of effective age appears a useful and attractive metaphor to vividly communicate risks to individuals.
description: David and Claudia Harding Foundation
description: This is the final version of the article. It first appeared from BioMed Central via http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12911-016-0342-z
Testing the validity of the phenomenological gravitational waveform models for nonspinning binary black hole searches at low masses
Creators: name: Cho, Hee-Suk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phenomenological gravitational waveform models, which we refer to as PhenomA, PhenomB and PhenomC, generate full inspiral-merger-ringdown waveforms of coalescing binary back holes (BBHs). These models are defined in the Fourier domain, thus can be used for fast matched filtering in the gravitational wave search. PhenomA has been developed for nonspinning BBH waveforms, while PhenomB and PhenomC were designed to model the waveforms of BBH systems with nonprecessing (aligned) spins, but can also be used for nonspinning systems. In this work, we study the validity of the phenomenological models for nonspinning BBH searches at low masses, $m_{1,2}\geq 4 Msun$ and $m_1+m_2\equiv M \leq 30 Msun$, with Advanced LIGO. As our complete signal waveform model, we adopt EOBNRv2 that is a time-domain inspiral-merger-ringdown waveform model. To investigate the search efficiency of the phenomenological template models, we calculate fitting factors by exploring overlap surfaces. We find that only PhenomC is valid to obtain the fitting factors better than 0.97 in the mass range of $M<15 Msun$. Above $15 Msun$, PhenomA is most efficient in symmetric mass region, PhenomB is most efficient in highly asymmetric mass region, and PhenomC is most efficient in the intermediate region. Specifically, we propose an effective phenomenological template family that can be constructed by employing the phenomenological models in four subregions individually. We find that fitting factors of the effective templates are better than 0.97 in our entire mass region and mostly greater than 0.99.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, matched to the published version in CQG
The FAST Galactic Plane Pulsar Snapshot Survey: III. Timing results of 30 FAST-GPPS discovered pulsars
Creators: name: Su, W. Q.
name: Han, J. L.
name: Wang, P. F.
name: Yuan, J. P.
name: Wang, Chen
name: Zhou, D. J.
name: Wang, Tao
name: Yan, Yi
name: Jing, W. C.
name: Yang, Z. L.
name: Cai, N. N.
name: Chen, Xue
name: Xu, Jun
name: Xie, Lang
name: Wang, H. G.
name: Xu, R. X.
name: You, X. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Timing observations are crucial for determining the basic parameters of newly discovered pulsars. Using the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST) with the L-band 19-beam receiver covering the frequency range of 1.0--1.5 GHz, the FAST Galactic Plane Pulsar Snapshot (GPPS) Survey has discovered more than 600 faint pulsars with flux densities of only a few or a few tens of $μ$Jy at 1.25 GHz. To obtain accurate position, spin parameters and dispersion measure of a pulsar, and to calculate derived parameters such as the characteristic age and surface magnetic field, we collect available FAST pulsar data obtained either through targeted follow-up observations or through coincidental survey observations with one of the 19 beams of the receiver. From these data we obtain time of arrival (TOA) measurements for 30 newly discovered pulsars as well as for 13 known pulsars. We demonstrate that the TOA measurements acquired by the FAST from any beams of the receiver in any observation mode (e.g. the tracking mode or the snapshot mode) can be combined to get timing solutions. We update the ephemerides of 13 previously known pulsars and obtain the first phase-coherent timing results for 30 isolated pulsars discovered in the FAST GPPS Survey. Notably, PSR J1904+0853 is an isolated millisecond pulsar, PSR J1906+0757 is a disrupted recycled pulsar, and PSR J1856+0211 has a long period of 9.89 s that can constrain pulsar death lines. Based on these timing solutions, all available FAST data have been added together to obtain the best pulse profiles for these pulsars.
Provenienz und Anatomie einer Doppelfehlbildung
Creators: name: Goldmann, Tim S.
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Provenienzforschung
subject: Doppelfehlbildung
subject: Humanpräparate
subject: WissKI
subject: 060 Allgemeine Organisationen und Museumswissenschaft

description: Die Erlanger Anatomische Sammlung erfuhr spätestens seit Einrichtung des „Theatrum Anatomicum“ 1754 einen steten Zuwachs unterschiedlichster Präparate historisch bislang meist ungeklärter Herkunft. Seit 1800 ist wiederholt von einer großen Anzahl von Präparaten mit Fehlbildungen in der Sammlung die Rede, die auch mehrfach durch Publikationen, Präsentationen und Vorlesungen der Öffentlichkeit vorgestellt wurden. Aufgrund der großen Zahl und Diversität der gesammelten Fehlbildungen stellten diese einen für die Erlanger Anatomie zentralen Sammlungsteil im 19. Jahrhundert dar. Sowohl die Geschichte der Serie als auch und vor allem die Provenienzen der Präparate sind noch kaum erforscht. Mein Dissertationsvorhaben nimmt sich daher dieses in mehrfacher Hinsicht sensiblen Konvoluts an. Erste Ergebnisse dieser ausgedehnten Bearbeitung, in Form der Provenienzforschung zu einem einzelnen Präparat, werden in diesem Beitrag präsentiert. Dazu werden im Speziellen zunächst das Vorgehen der morphologischen Befundung einer Doppelfehlbildung und deren Vergleich mit der historischen Literatur veranschaulicht. Ein zentraler Punkt stellt hierbei die Digitalisierung aller Ergebnisse im Inventarisierungssystem WissKI dar, mit dessen Hilfe abschließend eine standardisierte und transparente Provenienzforschung in digitaler Umgebung verwirklicht werden soll. Diese kann unter anderem Hinweise auf Leichenablieferungsregeln geben, die auf dem Papier schon seit 1769 für Fehlbildungen bestehen. Das Promotionsvorhaben will darauf aufbauen und nicht nur lokal, sondern auch überregional zur Sammlungsforschung beitragen und die bislang unklaren Beschaffungsquellen anderer Präparate offenlegen. WARNHINWEIS: In der Publikation befinden sich Bilder und Beschreibungen von menschlichen Überresten
WGCM Infrastructure Panel (WIP) Terms of Reference
Creators: name: WGCM Infrastructure Panel (WIP)
name: WCRP Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP)
name: WCRP Earth System Modelling and Observations (ESMO)
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This document complies with the WCRP Guidelines on Membership and Responsibilities and ensures that the Working Group on Information for Modelling (WIP) has in place transparent, accountable, and effective procedures which honour the commitment and contribution of volunteering individuals, and ensure fairness, inclusion, and equity. Should the WCRP and/or Earth System Modelling and Observations (ESMO) Core Project guidelines change, this document will be updated.
Pion masses in 2-flavor QCD with $η$ condensation
Creators: name: Aoki, Sinya
name: Creutz, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the 2-flavor QCD with non-degenerate quark masses at low-energy, using the chiral perturbation theory including the $η$ meson and anomaly effects. For the fixed $m_d\not=0$, the neutral pion becomes massless at two values of $m_u$, between which a spontaneously CP broken phase appears with the neutral pion condensation. We then show that the topological susceptibility diverges at these two critical points. We also consider the case of $m_u=m_d$ but $θ=π$, equivalently $m_u= - m_d$ with $θ= 0$ by the chiral rotation and show that the CP symmetry is spontaneously broken by the $η$ condensation at small $m$. Around $m=0$, three pions become Nambu-Goldstone modes, showing non-standard behavior that $m_π^2 = O(m^2)$, which, however, is consistent with the chiral Ward-Takahashi identities.}
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, talk presented at the 32nd International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, 23-28 June, 2014, Columbia University New York, NY
Ecological and Social Factors Constrain Spatial and Temporal Opportunities for Mating in a Migratory Songbird
Creators: name: Sillett, T. Scott
name: Risk, Benjamin B.
name: Kaiser, Sara A.
name: Webster, Michael S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Many studies of sexual selection assume that individuals have equal mating opportunities and that differences in mating success result from variation in sexual traits. However, the inability of sexual traits to explain variation in male mating success suggests that other factors moderate the strength of sexual selection. Extrapair paternity is common in vertebrates and can contribute to variation in mating success and thus serves as a model for understanding the operation of sexual selection. We developed a spatially explicit, multifactor model of all possible female-male pairings to test the hypothesis that ecological (food availability) and social (breeding density, breeding distance, and the social mate's nest stage) factors influence an individual's opportunity for extrapair paternity in a socially monogamous bird, the black-throated blue warbler, Setophaga caerulescens. A male's probability of siring extrapair young decreased with increasing distance to females, breeding density, and food availability. Males on food-poor territories were more likely to sire extrapair young, and these offspring were produced farther from the male's territory relative to males on food-abundant territories. Moreover, males sired extrapair young mostly during their social mates' incubation stage, especially males on food-abundant territories. This study demonstrates how ecological and social conditions constrain the spatial and temporal opportunities for extrapair paternity that affect variation in mating success and the strength of sexual selection in socially monogamous species.
Measurements of multijet event isotropies using optimal transport with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A measurement of novel event shapes quantifying the isotropy of collider events is performed in 140 fb$^{-1}$ of proton-proton collisions with $\sqrt s=13$ TeV centre-of-mass energy recorded with the ATLAS detector at CERN's Large Hadron Collider. These event shapes are defined as the Wasserstein distance between collider events and isotropic reference geometries. This distance is evaluated by solving optimal transport problems, using the 'Energy-Mover's Distance'. Isotropic references with cylindrical and circular symmetries are studied, to probe the symmetries of interest at hadron colliders. The novel event-shape observables defined in this way are infrared- and collinear-safe, have improved dynamic range and have greater sensitivity to isotropic radiation patterns than other event shapes. The measured event-shape variables are corrected for detector effects, and presented in inclusive bins of jet multiplicity and the scalar sum of the two leading jets' transverse momenta. The measured distributions are provided as inputs to future Monte Carlo tuning campaigns and other studies probing fundamental properties of QCD and the production of hadronic final states up to the TeV-scale.
description: 56 pages in total, author list starting page 39, 16 figures, 1 table, published by JHEP. All figures, including auxiliary figures, are available at: https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/STDM-2020-20/
Map of Things
Creators: name: Günther, Elisabeth
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Seidenstraße
subject: Interaktive Karte
subject: Onlineausstellung
subject: Internationales Lehrprojekt
subject: 060 Allgemeine Organisationen und Museumswissenschaft

description: Die antiken Seidenstraßen, ein Begriff maßgeblich geprägt von Ferdinand Freiherr von Richthofen, haben bis heute wenig von ihrer Faszination verloren. Die „Belt and Road Initiative“ Chinas knüpft ganz bewusst an diese Tradition an, um aktuelle ökonomische und politische Ziele zu verfolgen und zu legitimieren. Im Rahmen des internationalen und interdisziplinären Lehrprojekts „Parthia as Core and Link of the Ancient Silk Roads“ der Universitäten Trier, Kassel und des Institute for the History of Ancient Civilizations, Changchun (China), wurden die antiken Quellen rund um die antiken Seidenstraßen – wie archäologische Stätten und Funde, Münzen, Inschriften, Texte – untersucht, in ihren historischen Kontext eingebettet und diskutiert. Ziel war es, eine Online-Ausstellung mit interaktiver Karte zu erstellen, wobei der Schwerpunkt auf dem antiken Partherreich als „Scharnier“ der Seidenstraßen zwischen Rom und China liegt. Die deutschen und chinesischen Studierenden näherten sich diesen antiken westlichen wie östlichen Narrativen aus der Perspektive ihrer jeweiligen Kultur an und traten so in einen bereichernden gegenseitigen Austausch ein. Im Beitrag werden der didaktische Aufbau des Projektseminars und die Umsetzung der Ausstellung ebenso vorgestellt wie das Potenzial des Projektes für die Forschung. Anhand einer parthischen Münze für Musa, die kurz vor der Zeitenwende von einer römischen Sklavin zur Ehefrau des parthischen Königs Phraates IV. (reg. ca. 40–3/2 v. Chr.) aufstieg, wird exemplarisch dargelegt, wie sich die jeweiligen antiken Quellen miteinander verknüpfen und so unterschiedliche Blickwinkel auf das Partherreich erkennen lassen.
„Keine Stunde ohne Quellen“ 2.0
Creators: name: Seever, Friederike
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Digitale Sammlungen
subject: Geschichtsdidaktik
subject: Digitale Medien
subject: Digitale Geschichtskultur
subject: 060 Allgemeine Organisationen und Museumswissenschaft

description: Im Mittelpunkt dieses Beitrags steht die Frage, ob die Digitalisierung der Geschichtswissenschaften und des institutionellen Sammlungswesens auch Auswirkungen auf die Art und Weise des historischen Lehrens und Lernens in der Schule hat. Geschichtslehrkräfte sind nicht nur Pädagog:innen, sondern auch ausgebildete Fachwissenschaftler:innen. Wenn sich also die Arbeit der Historiker:innen im Umgang mit Quellen im Rahmen der Digital Humanities ändert, bringt das auch neue Anforderungen an den Geschichtsunterricht mit sich und schafft Forschungsaufgaben, die es auch auf universitärer Ebene zu bearbeiten gilt. In diesem Beitrag, der auf einem Dissertationsprojekt basiert, wird daher eine theoretische und methodische Annäherung an den fachspezifischen Umgang mit digitalen historischen Sammlungen für das historische Lernen vorgenommen.
"SURGICAL TREATMENT SECONDARY FACIAL DEFORMITIES IN CREVICES UPPER LIP"
Creators: name: Shermatova, Kamola
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Many different techniques are used to eliminate lip deformity after cleft. Most often, the patient needs a set of procedures that will help him adjust his appearance. But it is worth noting that the younger the patient, the less radical the intervention. The operation is performed by an experienced surgeon.
Nudged Elastic Bands and Lightly Bound Skyrmions
Creators: name: Speight, James Martin
name: Winyard, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has become clear in recent years that the configuration space of the nuclear Skyrme model has, in each topological class, many almost degenerate local energy minima and that the number of such minima grows with the degree (or baryon number) $B$. Rigid body quantization, in which one quantizes motion on the spin-isospin orbit of just one minimum, is thus an ill-justified approximation. Instead, one should identify a (finite-dimensional) moduli space of configurations containing all local minima (for a given $B$) as well as fields interpolating smoothly between them. This paper proposes a systematic computational scheme for generating such a moduli space: one constructs an energy minimizing path between each pair of local minima, then defines the moduli space to be the union of spin-isospin orbits of points on the union of these curves, a principal bundle over a graph. The energy minimizing curves may be constructed in practice using the nudged elastic band method, a standard tool in mathematical chemistry for analyzing reaction paths and computing activation energies. To illustrate, we apply this scheme to the lightly bound Skyrme model in the point particle approximation, constructing the graphs for $5\leq B\leq 10$. We go on to complete the quantization for $B=7$, in which the graph has two vertices and a single edge. The low-lying quantum states with isospin $1/2$ do not strongly localize around either of the local energy minima (the vertices). Their energies rise monotonically with spin, conflicting with experimental data for Lithium-7.
Computational Performance and Statistical Accuracy of *BEAST and Comparisons with Other Methods
Creators: name: Ogilvie, Huw A.
name: Heled, Joseph
name: Xie, Dong
name: Drummond, Alexei J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Under the multispecies coalescent model of molecular evolution, gene trees have independent evolutionary histories within a shared species tree. In comparison, supermatrix concatenation methods assume that gene trees share a single common genealogical history, thereby equating gene coalescence with species divergence. The multispecies coalescent is supported by previous studies which found that its predicted distributions fit empirical data, and that concatenation is not a consistent estimator of the species tree. *BEAST, a fully Bayesian implementation of the multispecies coalescent, is popular but computationally intensive, so the increasing size of phylogenetic data sets is both a computational challenge and an opportunity for better systematics. Using simulation studies, we characterize the scaling behaviour of *BEAST, and enable quantitative prediction of the impact increasing the number of loci has on both computational performance and statistical accuracy. Follow up simulations over a wide range of parameters show that the statistical performance of *BEAST relative to concatenation improves both as branch length is reduced and as the number of loci is increased. Finally, using simulations based on estimated parameters from two phylogenomic data sets, we compare the performance of a range of species tree and concatenation methods to show that using *BEAST with tens of loci can be preferable to using concatenation with thousands of loci. Our results provide insight into the practicalities of Bayesian species tree estimation, the number of loci required to obtain a given level of accuracy and the situations in which supermatrix or summary methods will be outperformed by the fully Bayesian multispecies coalescent.
Wave to Syntax: Probing spoken language models for syntax
Creators: name: Shen, Gaofei
name: Alishahi, Afra
name: Bisazza, Arianna
name: Chrupała, Grzegorz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Understanding which information is encoded in deep models of spoken and written language has been the focus of much research in recent years, as it is crucial for debugging and improving these architectures. Most previous work has focused on probing for speaker characteristics, acoustic and phonological information in models of spoken language, and for syntactic information in models of written language. Here we focus on the encoding of syntax in several self-supervised and visually grounded models of spoken language. We employ two complementary probing methods, combined with baselines and reference representations to quantify the degree to which syntactic structure is encoded in the activations of the target models. We show that syntax is captured most prominently in the middle layers of the networks, and more explicitly within models with more parameters.
description: Accepted to Interspeech 2023
3D-Scans und -Modelle von anatomischen Präparaten und Sammlungsexponaten
Creators: name: Schirone, Rebecca
name: Bahramsoltani, Mahtab
name: Corte, Giuliano Mario
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Veterinäranatomie
subject: Sammlungsdigitalisierung
subject: 3D-Scanner
subject: 3D-Modelle
subject: 060 Allgemeine Organisationen und Museumswissenschaft

description: Spätestens seit der erfolgreichen und gutbesuchten Ausstellungsreihe „Körperwelten“ von Gunther von Hagens, in der plastinierte menschliche Ganzkörpermodelle ausgestellt wurden, zeigte sich, welche Faszination und Anziehungskraft die Anatomie auf die Öffentlichkeit ausübt. Studierende der Veterinärmedizin lernen in den ersten zwei Jahren ihres Studiums den anatomischen Aufbau des Körpers von verschiedenen Tierarten. Das Erlernen der Anatomie ist nicht einfach. Es erfordert die Identifizierung, das Verständnis und das Auffinden anatomischer Strukturen im dreidimensionalen Raum. Das Curriculum beinhaltet daher unter anderem praktische Sektionsübungen an Tierkadavern. Dabei haben viele Studierende Schwierigkeiten, die in den Lehrbüchern in zweidimensionalen Abbildungen dargestellten Strukturen auf den dreidimensionalen Tierkörper zu übertragen. Im Rahmen eines Forschungsprojekts untersucht ein Team am Institut für Veterinär-Anatomie der Freien Universität Berlin, ob annotierte dreidimensionale Scans anatomischer Präparate eine sinnvolle Alternative zu zweidimensionalen Abbildungen darstellen. Zusätzlich sollen mittels 3D-Druck erstellte Modelle anatomischer Präparate als zeit- und raumunabhängige Lernressource untersucht werden. Die Methode der 3D-Digitalisierung und -Modellierung erschließt einen weiteren Mehrwert. Damit können die Präparate von Gurlt und Ziegler, zwei historische Sammlungen embryologischer Modelle aus dem 19. und 20. Jahrhundert, welche im Institut für Veterinär-Anatomie ausgestellt sind, digitalisiert werden. Aufgrund ihres beträchtlichen historischen Wertes und ihrer Fragilität waren sie bisher nur in Schaukästen ausgestellt, wurden aber nicht mehr aktiv in der Lehre in den Händen von Studierenden eingesetzt. In diesem Beitrag wird dargelegt, wie man diese unter Verwendung der erwähnten Techniken in die anatomische und embryologische Lehre integriert und auch mittels einer eigens erstellten Online-Plattform einer breiteren Öffentlichkeit zugänglich macht.
On the singlet projector and the monodromy relation for psu(2, 2|4) spin chains and reduction to subsectors
Creators: name: Kazama, Yoichi
name: Komatsu, Shota
name: Nishimura, Takuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a step toward uncovering the relation between the weak and the strong coupling regimes of the $\mathcal{N}=4$ super Yang-Mills theory beyond the specral level, we have developed in a previous paper [arXiv:1410.8533] a novel group theoretic interpretation of the Wick contraction of the fields, which allowed us to compute a much more general class of three-point functions in the SU(2) sector, as in the case of strong coupling [arXiv:1312.3727], directly in terms of the determinant representation of the partial domain wall partition funciton. Furthermore, we derived a non-trivial identity for the three point functions with monodromy operators inserted, being the discrete counterpart of the global monodromy condition which played such a crucial role in the computation at strong coupling. In this companion paper, we shall extend our study to the entire ${\rm psu}(2,2|4)$ sector and obtain several important generalizations. They include in particular (i) the manifestly conformally covariant construction, from the basic principle, of the singlet-projection operator for performing the Wick contraction and (ii) the derivation of the monodromy relation for the case of the so-called "harmonic R-matrix", as well as for the usual fundamental R-matrtix. The former case, which is new and has features rather different from the latter, is expected to have important applications. We also describe how the form of the monodromy relation is modified as ${\rm psu}(2,2|4)$ is reduced to its subsectors.
description: 49+10 pages;v3 Published version. Typos corrected. Explicit form of the monodromy relations for the three-point functions displayed
A Novel Real-Time Full-Color 3D Holographic (Diffractive) Video Capture, Processing, and Transmission Pipeline Using Off-The-Shelf Hardware
Creators: name: Samanta, Ankur
name: Mackenzie, Gregor
name: Rathkamp, Tyler
name: Cable, Adrian
name: Milne, Darran
name: Kaczorowski, Andrzej
name: Nag, Ronjon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.5.1; H.5.2

description: This paper details the world's first live 3D holographic (diffractive) video call using off-the-shelf hardware. We introduce a novel pipeline that facilitates the capture, processing, and transmission of RGBZ data, using an iPhone for image and depth capture with VividQ's SDK for hologram generation and hardware for display.
description: Published and Presented at Session 63: Emerging Approaches for AR/VR/MR, SID Display Week 2022. 4 pages, 9 figures
Accessing the strong interaction between $Λ$ baryons and charged kaons with the femtoscopy technique at the LHC
Creators: name: ALICE Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interaction between $Λ$ baryons and kaons/antikaons is a crucial ingredient for the strangeness $S=0$ and $S=-2$ sector of the meson$-$baryon interaction at low energies. In particular, the $Λ{\mathrm{\overline{K}}}$ might help in understanding the origin of states such as the $Ξ\mathrm{(1620)}$, whose nature and properties are still under debate. Experimental data on $Λ$$-$${\mathrm{K}}$ and $Λ$$-$${\mathrm{\overline{K}}}$ systems are scarce, leading to large uncertainties and tension between the available theoretical predictions constrained by such data. In this Letter we present the measurements of $Λ$$-$K$^+\oplus \overlineΛ$$-$K$^-$ and $Λ$$-$K$^-\oplus \overlineΛ$$-$K$^+$ correlations obtained in the high-multiplicity triggered data sample in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV recorded by ALICE at the LHC. The correlation function for both pairs is modeled using the Lednicky$-$Lyuboshits analytical formula and the corresponding scattering parameters are extracted. The $Λ$$-$K$^-\oplus \overlineΛ$$-$K$^+$ correlations show the presence of several structures at relative momenta $k^*$ above 200 MeV/$c$, compatible with the $Ω$ baryon, the $Ξ\mathrm{(1690)}$, and $Ξ\mathrm{(1820)}$ resonances decaying into $Λ$$-$K$^-$ pairs. The low $k^*$ region in the $Λ$$-$K$^-\oplus \overlineΛ$$-$K$^+$ also exhibits the presence of the $Ξ\mathrm{(1620)}$ state, expected to strongly couple to the measured pair. The presented data allow to access the $Λ$K$^+$ and $Λ$K$^-$ strong interaction with an unprecedented precision and deliver the first experimental observation of the $Ξ\mathrm{(1620)}$ decaying into $Λ$K$^-$.
description: 24 pages, 4 captioned figures, 1 table, authors from page 18, published version, figures at http://alice-publications.web.cern.ch/node/9352
Virtual Reality als eigenständiges Museum
Creators: name: Gaubitz, Mareike
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Figurentheater
subject: Virtual Reality
subject: Museum
subject: Szenografie
subject: 060 Allgemeine Organisationen und Museumswissenschaft

description: Anhand des VR-Museums „Puppets 4.0 – ein imaginäres Museum“, das 2020 in Bochum eröffnet wurde, untersucht der Beitrag das Zusammenspiel von Puppentheater, VR-Technologie und Museum. Es geht um das Potenzial von virtuellen Welten, Bühne als auch Schaukasten zugleich zu sein, um Möglichkeiten des Formats für die Verlebendigung, Kontextualisierung und Erforschung der Objekte zu erschließen. Dabei ergeben sich durch Konzeption, Umsetzung und den seit Eröffnung erfolgten Besucher:innen-Verkehr in Puppets 4.0 Erfahrungsdimensionen, die die Optionen, die die Digitalisierung von Theaterpuppen und Virtual Reality (VR) als Museum haben, erahnen lassen. Der Beitrag möchte die Idee der VR als Museum, das ohne ein räumliches Äquivalent auskommt, in den seit einiger Zeit geführten Diskurs rund um die zahlreichen Formate, Experimente und Theorieansätze zum Themenkomplex virtuelles Museum einbringen. Als praktisches Beispiel möchte die Erörterung einiger Aspekte von Raum, Gestaltung, Digitalisierung, Objektwelten und Gamification Denkanstöße zu Konzeption, Erlebnis und provokativem Potenzial der VR als Museum liefern.
Prethermal Floquet Steady States and Instabilities in the Periodically Driven, Weakly Interacting Bose-Hubbard Model
Creators: name: Bukov, Marin
name: Gopalakrishnan, Sarang
name: Knap, Michael
name: Demler, Eugene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore prethermal Floquet steady states and instabilities of the weakly interacting two-dimensional Bose-Hubbard model subject to periodic driving. We develop a description of the nonequilibrium dynamics, at arbitrary drive strength and frequency, using a weak-coupling conserving approximation. We establish the regimes in which conventional (zero-momentum) and unconventional [$(π,π)$-momentum] condensates are stable on intermediate time scales. We find that condensate stability is \emph{enhanced} by increasing the drive strength, because this decreases the bandwidth of quasiparticle excitations and thus impedes resonant absorption and heating. Our results are directly relevant to a number of current experiments with ultracold bosons.
description: Three (3) numerical simulations in mp4 format available in the ancillary files. A legend for them is available at the end of the Supplemental Material
Does Paying Politicians More Promote Economic Diversity in Legislatures?
Creators: name: Carnes, Nicholas
name: Hansen, Eric R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: If politicians in the United States were paid better, would more middle- and working-class people become politicians? Reformers often argue that the low salaries paid in state and local governments make holding office economically infeasible for lower-income citizens and contribute to the enduring numerical under-representation of the working class in our political institutions. Of course, raising politicians’ salaries could also make political office more attractive to affluent professionals, increasing competition for office and ultimately discouraging lower-income citizens from running and winning. In this article, we test these hypotheses using data on the salaries and economic backgrounds of state legislators. Contrary to the notion that paying politicians more promotes economic diversity, we find that the descriptive representation of the working class is the same or worse in states that pay legislators higher salaries. These findings have important implications for research on descriptive representation, political compensation, and political inequality.