cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Die Erosion des südafrikanischen Hochplateaus : Folgerungen für Tektonik, Klimageschichte und die Nachhaltigkeit der Bodenbewirtschaftung
Creators: name: Niedermann, Samuel
name: Decker, John
name: Kounov, Alexandre
name: De Wit, Maarten
Publisher: name: Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
Year: 2014

description: System Erde; 4
The Impact of Foot-and-Mouth Disease (FMD) on Hog, Pork, and Beef Prices: the Experience in Korea
Creators: name: Roh, Jae-Sun
name: Lim, Sang Soo
name: Adam, Brian D.
name: Roh, Jae-Sun
name: Lim, Sang Soo
name: Adam, Brian D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: Korea experienced two outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), one in the year 2000 and one in 2002. After the first outbreak, prices for hogs, pork, and beef dropped 15-20% before the government began an intervention program. The effects of these two outbreaks are examined using Box and Tiao's intervention analysis model and a GARCH model Although the second outbreak resulted in many times more animal deaths than the first outbreak, its effect on prices was much smaller. The reason may be because the government's response to the first outbreak set a precedent for the second one.
Charm Physics at BaBar
Creators: name: Chen, Chunhui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large production of the $\ccbar$ pairs and high integrated luminosity make the PEPII B-Factory, an excellent place for studying the charm hadrons. In this paper, we present a few of the most recent results from the BaBar collaboration in the charm sector.
description: To appear in the proceedings of the XIII International Workshop on Deep Inelastic Scattering - DIS 2005, April 27-May 1, 2005, Madison, Wisconsin
Gaussoids are two-antecedental approximations of Gaussian conditional independence structures
Creators: name: Boege, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62R01 (Primary) 62B10, 14P10 (Secondary)

description: The gaussoid axioms are conditional independence inference rules which characterize regular Gaussian CI structures over a three-element ground set. It is known that no finite set of inference rules completely describes regular Gaussian CI as the ground set grows. In this article we show that the gaussoid axioms logically imply every inference rule of at most two antecedents which is valid for regular Gaussians over any ground set. The proof is accomplished by exhibiting for each inclusion-minimal gaussoid extension of at most two CI statements a regular Gaussian realization. Moreover we prove that all those gaussoids have rational positive-definite realizations inside every $\varepsilon$-ball around the identity matrix. For the proof we introduce the concept of algebraic Gaussians over arbitrary fields and of positive Gaussians over ordered fields and obtain the same two-antecedental completeness of the gaussoid axioms for algebraic and positive Gaussians over all fields of characteristic zero as a byproduct.
description: 24 pages; v3: added Preliminaries section; corrected miscalculations in examples and added source code link
Navigating Digital Sanctuaries: An In-Depth Analysis of Social Dynamics in Mental Health Subreddits
Creators: name: Hadzhiev, Martin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This thesis explores the intricate dynamics of social interaction, anonymity, and collective identitywithin mental health-related subreddits (r/Anxiety, r/mentalhealth, r/depression) and their contributionto community building and social support. Implementing a constructivist grounded theory approachmixed with qualitative content analysis, this study delves into the role of Reddit’s platform features inshaping discussions, the emergence of collective identities, and the pivotal role of moderation. Thefindings reveal that these subreddits not only function as platforms for information and support butalso evolve into digital sanctuaries where communal empathy, shared identity, and mutual supportthrive. This research highlights the potential of such online communities in offering alternativeavenues for mental health support, while also acknowledging the challenges and risks inherent indigital mental health discourse. The insights contribute significantly to the understanding ofmedia-specific aspects in online mental health communities, with implications for users, mental healthprofessionals, and policymakers.
A fast direct solver for nonlocal operators in wavelet coordinates
Creators: name: Harbrecht, Helmut
name: Multerer, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this article, we consider fast direct solvers for nonlocal operators. The pivotal idea is to combine a wavelet representation of the system matrix, yielding a quasi-sparse matrix, with the nested dissection ordering scheme. The latter drastically reduces the fill-in during the factorization of the system matrix by means of a Cholesky decomposition or an LU decomposition, respectively. This way, we end up with the exact inverse of the compressed system matrix with only a moderate increase of the number of nonzero entries in the matrix. To illustrate the efficacy of the approach, we conduct numerical experiments for different highly relevant applications of nonlocal operators: We consider (i) the direct solution of boundary integral equations in three spatial dimensions, issuing from the polarizable continuum model, (ii) a parabolic problem for the fractional Laplacian in integral form and (iii) the fast simulation of Gaussian random fields.
See-Saw Energy Scale and the LSND Anomaly
Creators: name: de Gouvea, Andre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The most general, renormalizable Lagrangian that includes massive neutrinos contains ``right-handed neutrino'' Majorana masses of order M. While there are prejudices in favor of M much larger than the weak scale, virtually nothing is known about the magnitude of M. I argue that the LSND anomaly provides, currently, the only experimental hint: M around 1 eV. If this is the case, the LSND mixing angles are functions of the active neutrino masses and mixing and, remarkably, adequate fits to all data can be naturally obtained. I also discuss consequences of this ``eV-seesaw'' for supernova neutrino oscillations, tritium beta-decay, neutrinoless double-beta decay, and cosmology.
description: revtex, 4 pages, no figures
Spherically symmetric loop quantum gravity: analysis of improved dynamics
Creators: name: Gambini, R.
name: Olmedo, J.
name: Pullin, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the "improved dynamics" for the treatment of spherically symmetric space-times in loop quantum gravity introduced by Chiou {\em et al.} in analogy with the one that has been constructed by Ashtekar, Pawlowski and Singh for the homogeneous space-times. In this dynamics the polymerization parameter is a well motivated function of the dynamical variables, reflecting the fact that the quantum of area depends on them. Contrary to the homogeneous case, its implementation does not trigger undesirable physical properties. We identify semiclassical physical states in the quantum theory and derive the corresponding effective semiclassical metrics. We then discuss some of their properties. Concretely, the space-time approaches sufficiently fast the Schwarzschild geometry at low curvatures. Besides, regions where the singularity is in the classical theory get replaced by a regular but discrete effective geometry with finite and Planck order curvature, regardless of the mass of the black hole. This circumvents trans-Planckian curvatures that appeared for astrophysical black holes in the quantization scheme without the improvement. It makes the resolution of the singularity more in line with the one observed in models that use the isometry of the interior of a Schwarzschild black hole with the Kantowski--Sachs loop quantum cosmologies. One can observe the emergence of effective violations of the null energy condition in the interior of the black hole as part of the mechanism of the elimination of the singularity.
description: 26 pages, 8 figures
Price and Profit: Investigating a Conundrum
Creators: name: Zulauf, Carl R.
name: Schnitkey, Gary D.
name: Norden, Carl T.
name: Zulauf, Carl R.
name: Schnitkey, Gary D.
name: Norden, Carl T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Agricultural Finance

description: Although few in number, studies consistently find that price explains little, if any, of the variation in profit across farms. This contrasts with farmers' opinions regarding the importance of price, as well as the use of price supports as a primary policy instrument. Using farm level data from the Illinois Farm Business Farm Management program for calendar years 1996 through 2004, a potential explanation for this conundrum is identified. Price is significantly more correlated with a farmer's variation in management return from year to year (approximately, +0.45) than with the variation in management return across farmers (approximately, +0.10). Thus, the conundrum arises out of different perspectives: farmers focus on the performance of their own farm over time while studies have focused on the variation among farms.
Is the Local Basis Really Local?
Creators: name: Manfredo, Mark R.
name: Sanders, Dwight R.
name: Manfredo, Mark R.
name: Sanders, Dwight R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Conventional wisdom suggests the local cash - futures basis is determined from local supply and demand conditions. However, it may be the case that local elevators look to other locations, such as terminal locations, and adjust for transportation differentials when determining the basis for their particular market. If so, certain grain marketing locations (e.g., export and interior terminal locations) may play an important role in discovering and ultimately determining the basis for other local markets. This hypothesis is examined for the #2 yellow corn basis at various export terminal (Gulf; Toledo), river terminal (Illinois River; Omaha) and interior (S. Central Illinois; N. Central Iowa; Denver) locations. Specifically, if the basis calculated at one market location is found to lead the basis at another market location, then this suggests that the leading market plays a role in determining the basis for the other market. The findings suggest that corn basis calculated at the export terminal markets of Toledo and the U.S. Gulf, as well as the Illinois River, may indeed provide valuable information in determining the basis for other river terminal and interior locations.
Efficiency of Carnot Cycle with Arbitrary Gas Equation of State
Creators: name: Tjiang, Paulus C.
name: Sutanto, Sylvia H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The derivation of the efficiency of Carnot cycle is usually done by calculating the heats involved in two isothermal processes and making use of the associated adiabatic relation for a given working substance's equation of state, usually the ideal gas. We present a derivation of Carnot efficiency using the same procedure with Redlich-Kwong gas as working substance to answer the calculation difficulties raised by Agrawal and Menon. We also show that using the same procedure, the Carnot efficiency may be derived regardless of the functional form of the gas equation of state.
description: 9 pages, 1 .eps graphic, uses iopart and graphicx, minor corrections
Strategies for Using Proximal Policy Optimization in Mobile Puzzle Games
Creators: name: Kristensen, Jeppe Theiss
name: Burelli, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: While traditionally a labour intensive task, the testing of game content is progressively becoming more automated. Among the many directions in which this automation is taking shape, automatic play-testing is one of the most promising thanks also to advancements of many supervised and reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms. However these type of algorithms, while extremely powerful, often suffer in production environments due to issues with reliability and transparency in their training and usage. In this research work we are investigating and evaluating strategies to apply the popular RL method Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) in a casual mobile puzzle game with a specific focus on improving its reliability in training and generalization during game playing. We have implemented and tested a number of different strategies against a real-world mobile puzzle game (Lily's Garden from Tactile Games). We isolated the conditions that lead to a failure in either training or generalization during testing and we identified a few strategies to ensure a more stable behaviour of the algorithm in this game genre.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, to be published in 2020 Foundations of Digital Games conference
Should Farmers Follow the Recommendations of Market Advisory Services? A Bayesian Approach to Performance Evaluation
Creators: name: Cabrini, Silvina M.
name: Good, Darrel L.
name: Irwin, Scott H.
name: Cabrini, Silvina M.
name: Good, Darrel L.
name: Irwin, Scott H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This paper employs a Bayesian hierarchical approach to estimate individual expected performance of market advisory programs in corn and soybeans. This estimation procedure is a conservative approach compared to traditional estimation, since it reduces estimation error in the expected gains from following top-performing advisory programs. Three versions of the model are estimated. The first combines information across the entire sample, while the second includes skeptical beliefs based on the efficient market hypothesis. The third divides programs into two groups based on the degree of activeness in marketing recommendations. Results indicate that even when skeptical beliefs are incorporated into the model a few programs in corn and several programs in soybeans appear to be better marketing alternative compared to a naïve strategy that mimics the market benchmark. More specifically, a skeptical farmer can expect to increase the price received for corn by 1% and the price received for soybeans by 5% following the single top-ranked program.
The aesthetics of nationhood : the sublime in Burke’s Enquiry and Sterne’s Tristam Shandy
Creators: name: Beaulne, Jeremy Charles
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Edmund Burke's "A Philosophical Enquiry into the Origins of our Ideas of the Sublime and the Beautiful" (1757) and Laurence Sterne's "The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman" (1759-67) are works that present competing strategies for preserving eighteenth-century Britain's independence and security. It is my contention that by examining the way in which Burke and Sterne employ aesthetics in their respective texts, we can gain a clearer understanding of what these strategies are and how they are supposed to function. Both Burke and Sterne define Britain in terms of its political and economic rivalry with France. In "A Philosophical Enquiry", Burke argues that while Britain is masculine and sublime, France is feminine and beautiful. According to Burke, Britain's natural sublimity means that it is destined to triumph over its enemies. In "Tristram Shandy", Sterne comically subverts Burke's model of sublime British virility. By constructing all three of the Shandy men as impotent, Sterne challenges Burke's assertion that the sublime is a tool that can be used as part of a nationalistic strategy. Finding inspiration in the eighteenth-century sensibility movement, Sterne argues that the strength of the British people lies in their capacity to feel rather than in their capacity to fight. The perfect embodiment of this idea in Sterne's text is Captain Toby Shandy, an extraordinarily compassionate old war veteran who is obsessed with recreating Britain's military campaigns on his bowling green. Although Toby is a somewhat naive, comical character, Sterne takes his nationalism very seriously. He argues that if the citizens of Britain emulate Toby's imaginative participation in the nation's military conflicts, Britain will be impervious to its enemies. Hence, while Burke's concept of the nation is based on the authority of Britain's rulers and the strength of its military, Sterne's concept of the nation is based on the patriotism and sensibility of individual Britons.
[Letter from Emily Carr to Ruth Humphrey]
Creators: name: Carr, Emily, 1871-1945
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Letter to Ruth Humphrey from Emily Carr dated June 19, 1938 - 8 pp., cover. Cover postmarked June 20. 1938. Cover and comment by R.H.: "This letter came to light *after* the publication of the other letters in this University of Toronto Quarterly. June 20/38".
The investor problem based on the HJM model
Creators: name: Peszat, Szymon
name: Zawisza, Dariusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Mathematical Finance (q-fin.MF)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 60H30, 93E20, 91G30, 91G10

description: We consider a consumption-investment problem (both on finite and infinite time horizon) in which the investor has an access to the bond market. In our approach prices of bonds with different maturities are described by the general HJM factor model. We assume that the bond market consists of entire family of rolling bonds and the investment strategy is a general signed measure distributed on all real numbers representing time to maturity specifications for different rolling bonds. In particular, we can consider portfolio of coupon bonds. The investor's objective is to maximize time-additive utility of the consumption process. We solve the problem by means of the HJB equation for which we prove required regularity of its solution and all required estimates to ensure applicability of the verification theorem. Explicit calculations for affine models are presented.
description: v2 - 26 pages, detailed calculations of G2++ model, extended proof of theorem 4.1, two references added( [2] and [33]), v3 - 28 pages, revised version after reviews, (v4) - 30 pages, language corrections, (v5),(v6) - 29 pages, final corrections
Farra - Structural and functional remodeling of the female Apoe-/- mouse aorta due to chronic cigarette smoke exposure - Supplement
Creators: name: Bellini, Chiara
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biological Engineering

description: Online material includes:
(1) Figure S1. Mechanical data from inflation/extension tests on the mouse aorta at baseline and following exposure to cigarette smoke (treatment) or air (control)
(2) Figure S2. Comparison of the mechanical properties of the aorta at systole between controls (exposed to air) and baseline mice.
(3) Table S1. Estimated descriptors of structural and material properties of the thoracic aorta from cigarette-exposed, control, and baseline mice.
(4) Table S2. Estimated descriptors of structural and material properties of the abdominal aorta from cigarette-exposed, control, and baseline mice.
Calculation of Hydrogenic Bethe Logarithms for Rydberg States
Creators: name: Jentschura, Ulrich D.
name: Mohr, Peter J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the calculation of hydrogenic (one-loop) Bethe logarithms for all states with principal quantum numbers n <= 200. While, in principle, the calculation of the Bethe logarithm is a rather easy computational problem involving only the nonrelativistic (Schroedinger) theory of the hydrogen atom, certain calculational difficulties affect highly excited states, and in particular states for which the principal quantum number is much larger than the orbital angular momentum quantum number. Two evaluation methods are contrasted. One of these is based on the calculation of the principal value of a specific integral over a virtual photon energy. The other method relies directly on the spectral representation of the Schroedinger-Coulomb propagator. Selected numerical results are presented. The full set of values is available at quant-ph/0504002.
description: 10 pages, RevTeX
Farra_SupplementaryMaterial.pdf
Creators: name: Bellini, Chiara
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biological Engineering

description: Online material includes:
(1) Figure S1. Mechanical data from inflation/extension tests on the mouse aorta at baseline and following exposure to cigarette smoke (treatment) or air (control)
(2) Figure S2. Comparison of the mechanical properties of the aorta at systole between controls (exposed to air) and baseline mice.
(3) Table S1. Estimated descriptors of structural and material properties of the thoracic aorta from cigarette-exposed, control, and baseline mice.
(4) Table S2. Estimated descriptors of structural and material properties of the abdominal aorta from cigarette-exposed, control, and baseline mice.
Soybean Acreage Response in Brazil
Creators: name: Moraes, Mauricio
name: Moraes, Mauricio
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: This paper advances Williams and Thompson (1984) by updating their work and by explicitly accounting for price and yield risk in the analysis of acreage response in Brazil for soybeans and by assessing model specification. Empirical equations were estimated using seemingly unrelated regression (SUR). The robustness of the model was evaluated in the battery of misspecification tests suggested by McGuirk et al. (1993) and McGuirk et al. (1995). The results of the testing procedure suggest that the model is fairly robust in terms of normality, heteroscedasticity and functional form. The results point to parameter instability in the soybean model. The approach to the problem of parameter instability involved dividing the data in two periods and estimating regressions for each period. The signs of the significant coefficients were consistent with expectation, particularly for the second period. Soybean acreage is explained mainly by past acreage, expected prices of soybeans and land competing crops (cotton, rice, and corn), and price and yield risk. Results suggest that market signals played a reduced role in the soybean acreage growth in early years. In contrast, in recent years producers in Brazil became more sensitive to changes in prices and risk. Measures of short-run price elasticity of soybean acreage response are similar to the one obtained by William and Thompson (1984) for soybean supply. Long-run elasticities are significantly smaller.
A universal smartphone add-on for portable spectroscopy and polarimetry: iSPEX 2
Creators: name: Burggraaff, Olivier
name: Perduijn, Armand B.
name: van Hek, Robert F.
name: Schmidt, Norbert
name: Keller, Christoph U.
name: Snik, Frans
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectropolarimetry is a powerful technique for remote sensing of the environment. It enables the retrieval of particle shape and size distributions in air and water to an extent that traditional spectroscopy cannot. SPEX is an instrument concept for spectropolarimetry through spectral modulation, providing snapshot, and hence accurate, hyperspectral intensity and degree and angle of linear polarization. Successful SPEX instruments have included groundSPEX and SPEX airborne, which both measure aerosol optical thickness with high precision, and soon SPEXone, which will fly on PACE. Here, we present a low-cost variant for consumer cameras, iSPEX 2, with universal smartphone support. Smartphones enable citizen science measurements which are significantly more scaleable, in space and time, than professional instruments. Universal smartphone support is achieved through a modular hardware design and SPECTACLE data processing. iSPEX 2 will be manufactured through injection molding and 3D printing. A smartphone app for data acquisition and processing is in active development. Production, calibration, and validation will commence in the summer of 2020. Scientific applications will include citizen science measurements of aerosol optical thickness and surface water reflectance, as well as low-cost laboratory and portable spectroscopy.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures, SPIE Defense + Commercial Sensing 2020
Large magnetoresistance at room-temperature in small molecular weight organic semiconductor sandwich devices
Creators: name: Mermer, Ö.
name: Veeraraghavan, G.
name: Francis, T. L.
name: Wohlgenannt, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an extensive study of a large, room temperature negative magnetoresistance (MR) effect in tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum sandwich devices in weak magnetic fields. The effect is similar to that previously discovered in polymer devices. We characterize this effect and discuss its dependence on field direction, voltage, temperature, film thickness, and electrode materials. The MR effect reaches almost 10% at fields of approximately 10 mT at room temperature. The effect shows only a weak temperature dependence and is independent of the sign and direction of the magnetic field. Measuring the devices' current-voltage characteristics, we find that the current depends on the voltage through a power-law. We find that the magnetic field changes the prefactor of the power-law, whereas the exponent remains unaffected. We also studied the effect of the magnetic field on the electroluminescence (MEL) of the devices and analyze the relationship between MR and MEL. We find that the largest part of MEL is simply a consequence of a change in device current caused by the MR effect.
description: 8 figures
ANALYSIS OF RURAL QUALITY OF LIFE AND HEALTH: A SPATIAL APPROACH
Creators: name: Bukenya, James O.
name: Gebremedhin, Tesfa G.
name: Schaeffer, Peter V.
name: Bukenya, James O.
name: Gebremedhin, Tesfa G.
name: Schaeffer, Peter V.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Consumer/Household Economics

description: This paper examines the relationship between quality of life, health and several socioeconomic variables. The analysis utilizes empirical data obtained from a survey questionnaire administered on a random sample of over 2000 residents in twenty-one counties in West Virginia, and spatial data obtained by geocoding the survey respondents' addressees. Quality of life is measured by a three-point categorical measure of overall satisfaction and an ordered probit model is used to examine the relationships. The empirical results are consistent with the theoretical predictions and indicate, for instance, that quality of life satisfaction increases with income and education while it decreases with unemployment.
Modeling non-Fickian solute transport due to mass transfer and physical heterogeneity on arbitrary groundwater velocity fields
Creators: name: Hansen, Scott K.
name: Berkowitz, Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a hybrid approach to groundwater transport modeling, "CTRW-on-a-streamline", that allows continuous-time random walk (CTRW) particle tracking on large-scale, explicitly-delineated heterogeneous groundwater velocity fields. The combination of a non-Fickian transport model (in this case, the CTRW) with general heterogeneous velocity fields represents an advance of the current state of the art, in which non-Fickian transport models or heterogeneous velocity fields are employed, but generally not both. We present a general method for doing this particle tracking that fully separates the model parameters characterizing macroscopic flow, subscale advective heterogeneity, and mobile-immobile mass transfer, such that each can be directly specified a priori from available data. The method is formalized and connections to classic CTRW and subordination approaches are made. Numerical corroboration is presented.
Edge-currents in superconductors with a broken time-reversal symmetry
Creators: name: Braunecker, Bernd
name: Lee, Patrick A.
name: Wang, Ziqiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze edge currents and edge bands at the surface of a time-reversal symmetry breaking d_{x^2-y^2}+id_{xy} superconductor. We show that the currents have large Friedel oscillations with two interfering frequencies: \sqrt{2}k_F from sub-gap states, and 2 k_F from the continuum. The results are based independently on a self-consistent slave-boson mean field theory for the t-J model on a triangular lattice, and on a T-matrix scattering theory calculation. The shape of the edge-state band, as well as the particular frequency \sqrt{2}k_F of the Friedel oscillations are attributes unique for the d_{x^2-y^2}+id_{xy} case, and may be used as a fingerprint for its identification. Extensions to different time-reversal symmetry breaking superconductors can be achieved within the same approach.
description: new introduction, minor changes in the text, published in Phys. Rev. Lett
DETERMINANTS OF U.S. CHILDREN'S AND TEENAGERS' BODY MASS INDEX
Creators: name: Eales, James S.
name: Binkley, James K.
name: Jekanowski, Mark D.
name: Eales, James S.
name: Binkley, James K.
name: Jekanowski, Mark D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Health Economics and Policy

description: OBJECTIVE-To determine if the increase in consumption of food away from home has contributed to the increased weight of the US youth. METHODS: Multiple regression will be used to estimate the effect of food source on body mass index (BMI) while accounting for other factors which have been shown to affect weight in a nationally representative sample of the U.S. population.
MODELING SCALE ECONOMIES IN SUPERMARKET OPERATIONS: INCORPORATING THE IMPACTS OF STORE CHARACTERISTICS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES
Creators: name: King, Robert P.
name: Park, Timothy A.
name: King, Robert P.
name: Park, Timothy A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Industrial Organization

description: Information and internet-based technologies have fostered new supply chain initiatives in food retailing but little research has evaluated productivity impacts. A ray-homothetic production function is estimated for supermarkets to investigate the productivity effects of key variables such as format, competitive position, self-distributing chain membership, unionization, and information technologies adoption.
Collinearity, convergence and cancelling infrared divergences
Creators: name: Lavelle, Martin
name: McMullan, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Lee-Nauenberg theorem is a fundamental quantum mechanical result which provides the standard theoretical response to the problem of collinear and infrared divergences. Its argument, that the divergences due to massless charged particles can be removed by summing over degenerate states, has been successfully applied to systems with final state degeneracies such as LEP processes. If there are massless particles in both the initial and final states, as will be the case at the LHC, the theorem requires the incorporation of disconnected diagrams which produce connected interference effects at the level of the cross-section. However, this aspect of the theory has never been fully tested in the calculation of a cross-section. We show through explicit examples that in such cases the theorem introduces a divergent series of diagrams and hence fails to cancel the infrared divergences. It is also demonstrated that the widespread practice of treating soft infrared divergences by the Bloch-Nordsieck method and handling collinear divergences by the Lee-Nauenberg method is not consistent in such cases.
description: 29 pages, 17 figures
STAGGERING AND SYNCHRONIZATION OF PRICES IN A LOW INFLATION ENVIRONMENT: EVIDENCE FROM GERMAN FOOD STORES
Creators: name: Loy, Jens-Peter
name: Weiss, Christoph R.
name: Loy, Jens-Peter
name: Weiss, Christoph R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: Only a few studies have analysed staggering and synchronisation in pricing behaviour of multi-product firms. These studies used low-frequency data in an environment of high rates of inflation. This paper investigates staggering and synchronisation of weekly prices for ten food products in 131 grocery stores in Germany over the period from May 1995 to December 2000 (296 weeks). Different forms of staggering and synchronisation (across-store synchronisation, within type-of-store synchronisation, within retailer synchronisation or across-product synchronisation) have been analysed. None of these forms of synchronisation is supported empirically however. In contrast, perfect staggering can only be rejected in very few cases.
Partially integrable nonlinear equations with one higher symmetry
Creators: name: Mikhailov, Alexander V.
name: Novikov, Vladimir S.
name: Wang, Jing Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present a family of second order in time nonlinear partial differential equations, which have only one higher symmetry. These equations are not integrable, but have a solution depending on one arbitrary function.
Negative Mode Problem of False Vacuum Decay Revisited
Creators: name: Jinno, Ryusuke
name: Sato, Ryosuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study negative modes around the Coleman-de Luccia bounce solution. The conditions for the appearance of an infinite number of the negative modes do not coincide between Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formulations in the literature, and we discuss the origin of this difference in detail. We show how different choices of the variable for the fluctuation around the bounce solution affect the negative mode condition in the Hamiltonian approach, and point out that there exists a choice which gives the same negative mode condition as the Lagrangian approach.
description: 23 pages, v2: published version
Infrared catastrophe and tunneling into strongly correlated electron systems: Perturbative x-ray edge limit
Creators: name: Patton, Kelly R.
name: Geller, Michael R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The tunneling density of states exhibits anomalies (cusps, algebraic suppressions, and pseudogaps) at the Fermi energy in a wide variety of low-dimensional and strongly correlated electron systems. We argue that in many cases these spectral anomalies are caused by an infrared catastrophe in the screening response to the sudden introduction of a new electron into the system during a tunneling event. A nonperturbative functional-integral method is introduced to account for this effect, making use of methods developed for the x-ray edge singularity problem. The formalism is applicable to lattice or continuum models of any dimensionality, with or without translational invariance. An approximate version of the technique is applied to the 1D electron gas and the 2D Hall fluid, yielding qualitatively correct results.
description: 6 pages
NGTS clusters survey -- II. White-light flares from the youngest stars in Orion
Creators: name: Jackman, James A. G.
name: Wheatley, Peter J.
name: Acton, Jack S.
name: Anderson, David R.
name: Belardi, Claudia
name: Burleigh, Matthew R.
name: Casewell, Sarah L.
name: Eigmüller, Philipp
name: Gill, Samuel
name: Gillen, Edward
name: Goad, Michael R.
name: Grange, Andrew
name: Hodgkin, Simon T.
name: Jenkins, James S.
name: McCormac, James
name: Moyano, Maximiliano
name: Queloz, Didier
name: Raynard, Liam
name: Tilbrook, Rosanna H.
name: Watson, Christopher A.
name: West, Richard G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the detection of high energy white-light flares from pre-main sequence stars associated with the Orion complex, observed as part of the Next Generation Transit Survey (NGTS). With energies up to $5.2\times10^{35}$ erg these flares are some of the most energetic white-light flare events seen to date. We have used the NGTS observations of flaring and non-flaring stars to measure the average flare occurrence rate for 4 Myr M0-M3 stars. We have also combined our results with those from previous studies to predict average rates for flares above $1\times10^{35}$ ergs for early M stars in nearby young associations.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, 5 tables. Accepted for publication in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Nonextensive thermodynamics of a cluster consisting of $M$ Hubbard dimers ($M=1,2,3$ and $\infty$)
Creators: name: Hasegawa, Hideo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thermodynamical property of a small cluster including $M$ Hubbard dimers, each of which is described by the two-site Hubbard model, has been discussed within the nonextensive statistics (NES). We have calculated the temperature dependence of the energy, entropy, specific heat and susceptibility for $M = 1, 2, 3$ and $\infty$, assuming the relation between the entropic index $q$ and the cluster size $N$ given by $q=1+2/N$ ($N = 2 M$ for $M$ dimers), which was previously derived by several methods. For relating the physical temperature $T$ to the Lagrange multiplier $β$, two methods have been adopted: $T=1/k_B β$ in the method A [Tsallis {\it et al.} Physica A {\bf 261} (1998) 534], and $T=c_q/k_B β$ in the method B [Abe {\it et al.} Phys. Lett. A {\bf 281} (2001) 126], where $k_B$ denotes the Boltzman constant, $c_q= \sum_i p_i^q$, and $p_i$ the probability distribution of the $i$th state. The susceptibility and specific heat of spin dimers described by the Heisenberg model have been discussed also by using the NES with the methods A and B. A comparison between results calculated by the two methods suggests that the method B may be better than the method A for small-scale systems.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, Proceedings of International Workshop of CN-Kyoto
THE WELFARE EFFECTS OF MAIZE TECHNOLOGIES IN MARGINAL AND HIGH-POTENTIAL REGIONS OF KENYA
Creators: name: Karanja, Daniel David
name: Renkow, Mitch
name: Crawford, Eric W.
name: Karanja, Daniel David
name: Renkow, Mitch
name: Crawford, Eric W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: This study uses a multi-market model of maize production to assesses the potential impact of "on-the-shelf" improved maize technologies on the welfare of rural and urban households in Kenya. We find that diffusion of technologies in favored areas is likely to have substantially greater positive impacts on aggregate real incomes.
Psychiatric Home Treatment for Inpatient Care -- Design, Implementation and Participation
Creators: name: Hochwarter, Stefan
name: Tangermann, Pierre
name: Heinze, Martin
name: Schwarz, Julian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The use of information and communication technologies (ICT) to support long-term care is gaining attention, also in the light of population ageing. Known in Scandinavian countries under the term of welfare technology, it aims to increase the quality of life and independence of people with physical, psychological or social impairments. In Germany, a new form of psychiatric home treatment, inpatient equivalent treatment (IET), is offered since 2018. It should allow service users with severe mental health issues to stay in their familiar environment during crisis, while being treated in the same complexity and flexibility like in an inpatient unit. However, this change in delivering healthcare services leads to sociotechnical challenges, such as coordination of work, integration into existing healthcare workflows and ensuring continuity of care. Hence, the objective of this exploratory study is to examine how information and communication technologies (ICT) interact in the new setting and how this process can be improved. Further, we also ask how service users can participate in designing home treatment services. Methodologically, this study follows a qualitative research approach. Different methods including participant observation, interviews and focus groups were conducted to answer the research questions. Data was collected during a field visit at the psychiatric department of a German clinic in summer 2019. Field notes and interviews were analyzed using the R package for qualitative data analysis RQDA. A list of socio-technical challenges and opportunities related to IET were identified. New forms of communication, gaps in documentation practices and continuity of care are seen to be highly relevant for designing and implementing home treatment services in psychiatric care. We also discuss how service users and health professionals can take pro-active part in designing these services.
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFICIENCY, SEPARABILITY AND ABATEMENT COSTS OF NON-POINT SOURCE POLLUTION
Creators: name: Wossink, Ada
name: Denaux, Zulal Sogutlu
name: Wossink, Ada
name: Denaux, Zulal Sogutlu
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: This paper presents a new framework for analyzing abatement costs of nonpoint-source pollution. Unlike previous studies, this framework treats production and pollution as non-separable and also recognizes that production inefficiency is a fundamental cause of pollution. The implications of this approach are illustrated using an empirical analysis for cotton producers.
GHz sandwich strip inductors based on Fe-N Films
Creators: name: Gromov, A.
name: Korenivski, V.
name: Haviland, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Planar strip inductors consisting of two Fe-N films enclosing a conducting film made of Cu, were fabricated on oxidized Si substrates. The inductors were 1mm long, 2 to 100 um wide, with layers of thickness ~0.1 um for the magnetic films and ~0.5 um for the conductor. The soft (Hc=4-8 Oe) magnetic layers were biased during impedance measurement by applying an external field along the strip length thereby facilitating the transverse susceptibility configuration. Biased strips exhibited 70 to 100% inductance enhancement at 1GHz with quality factors Q=4.5 to 3, respectively. The magnetic contribution to the total flux in the narrow devices was less than predicted theoretically, which was attributed to hardening of the magnetic material at the edges of the strip, where the deposition was close to 60 degree incidence. Test films were fabricated on tilted substrates and found to develop a very high anisotropy (up to 1 kOe) for deposition angles larger than 30 degrees. Optimizing the flux closure at the strip edges and using thicker conductor layers is essential for further improving the performance of sandwich strip inductors.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures
MEASURING THE MARKET POWER OF THE U.S. WHEAT EXPORTERS IN ASIAN COUNTRIES: AN ISSUE ABOUT ADJUSTMENT OF NOMINAL EXCHANGE RATE WHEN USING AS A COST SHIFTER; THE COMPETITIVENESS OF THE U.S. WHEAT EXPORTERS IN ASIAN COUNTRIES
Creators: name: Cho, Guedae
name: Jin, Hyun Joung
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Cho, Guedae
name: Jin, Hyun Joung
name: Koo, Won W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: The objective of this article is to measure the market power of U.S. grain exporters in the Asian countries. This study revisits the issue of the market power with the Goldberg and Knetter (1999) model, addressing an issue about using nominal exchange rate as a cost shifter. This study proposes an adjusted nominal exchange rate deflated by inflation rates of exporting countries and exchange rate risk as another possible risk shifter. The results of the preliminary estimation show that using the adjusted exchange rate provides better results. The results also show that U.S. wheat exporters have market power in Philippine, Korea, Malaysia, and Singapore, while no market power in Indonesia and Japan. Australia plays a significant role in constraining the market power of U.S. wheat exporters in the Asian market, suggesting that a proper economic model in the Asian country might be U.S.-Australia duopoly model.
Bounding volume by systoles of 3-manifolds
Creators: name: Katz, Mikhail G.
name: Rudyak, Yuli B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C23;55M30;57N65

description: We prove a new systolic volume lower bound for non-orientable n-manifolds, involving the stable 1-systole and the codimension 1 systole with coefficients in Z_2. As an application, we prove that Lusternik-Schnirelmann category and systolic category agree for non-orientable closed manifolds of dimension 3, extending our earlier result in the orientable case. Finally, we prove the homotopy invariance of systolic category.
description: 16 pages
EXCHANGE RATE EFFECTS ON CANADIAN/U.S. AGRICULTURAL PRICES
Creators: name: Xu, Miao
name: Orden, David
name: Xu, Miao
name: Orden, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
International Relations/Trade

description: Exchange rate effects on prices in Canada and the United States are evaluated for five traded farm outputs (wheat, soybeans, corn, feeder steers, and slaughter steers) and four traded non-farm-produced inputs (fertilizer, pesticides, petroleum, and farm machinery). Unit root tests suggest the series are stationary in first differences. Short-run dynamic models based on the differences specification adopted earlier by Carter, Grey and Furtan (1990) are re-estimated using similar data over an extended period that encompasses recent exchange rate movements. The analysis confirms that short-run adjustments toward the law of one price occur for the five agricultural outputs and to a lesser extent for the three intermediate inputs, while such price adjustment is refuted for farm machinery. Cointegration tests also show price convergence to stationary long-run equilibrium relationships for the five farm outputs but not for the inputs.