Oligonychus neocastaneae Arabuli & Gotoh 2018, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Arabuli, Tea
name: Gotoh, Tetsuo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Tetranychidae
Oligonychus
Oligonychus neocastaneae

description: Oligonychus neocastaneae Arabuli & Gotoh sp. nov.
[JapaneSe name: NiSe-kuri-no-tSumehadani] (FigS. 1–18)
Description. Female (n = 10). Body greeniSh brown. Length of body including gnathoSoma 485–520; gnathoSoma 94–107 long; width of body 321–350.
Dorsum. DorSal body Setae long and SparSely SetoSe; lengthS of Setae: v2 75 –86; sc1 110–118; sc2 95–111; c1 99–113; c2 94–108; c3 94–107; d1 98–112; d2 109–117; e1 101–109; e2 106–113; f1 94–99; f2 83–93; h2 50–54. DorSal Setae not Set on tubercleS, length of Setae longer than diStance between their baSeS; Second pair of prodorSal Setae (sc1) longer than firSt (v2) and third (sc2) pairS. Medial hySteroSomal Striation with V-Shaped Striae between d1-d1 and e1-e1, Small area of longitudinal Striae between e1-e1, and tranSverSe Striae poSterior to e1-e1 (Fig. 1); lobeS on dorSal Striae Square Shaped with rounded cornerS, broader than tall (Fig. 2).
Gnathosoma. Peritreme Straight, diStal end enlarged forming a Simple bulb SometimeS poSteriorly directed (Fig. 6). PalptarSuS Spinneret about aS long aS wide: 4.1–4.8 long and 3.6–4.3 wide; dorSal SenSillum (Solenidion) Slender 5.1–5.7 long; eupathidia ul’ζ and ul”ζ Subequal in length 6.1–6.8 long (Fig. 7).
Venter. Genital flap with tranSverSe Striae; pregenital Striae longitudinal (Fig. 8).
Legs. Leg I 238–255, leg II 195–220, leg III 2 18 –235, leg IV 229–long (from trochanter to tarSuS). LengthS of SegmentS of leg I aS followS: femur 77–87, genu 39–46, tibia 40–45, tarSuS 72–79 long. Leg Setal count aS followS (FigS. 3, 4):
I 2 – 1 – 8 – 5 – 7 + (1) – 11 + (1) + 2 duplexeS
II 2 – 1 – 6 – 5 – 5 – 11 + (1) + 1 duplex
III 1 – 1 – 2 – 2 – 5 – 8 + (1)
IV 1 – 1 – 1 – 2 – 5 – 8 + (1)
TarSuS I diStal duplex Solenidion longer than proximal Solenidion: 70–75 and 49–55, reSpectively. Tactile Setae either of diStal and proximal duplexeS Subequal in length: 14–17 and 17–19, reSpectively. TarSuS II Solenidion of duplex Setae 58–69 long and tactile Seta 15–18 (FigS. 3, 4). TarSuS I with 3 tactile Setae and 1 Solenidion proximal to proximal Set of duplex Setae (Fig. 3); tarSuS II with 3 tactile Setae and 1 Solenidion proximal to duplex Setae (Fig. 4).
Empodia I–IV uncinate, long, clawlike with 4–5 pairS of proximoventral hairS; empodial claw aS long aS proximoventral hairS (Fig. 5).
Male (n = 11). Body greeniSh brown with pale reddiSh tint at the tip of prodorSum. Holotype—length of body including gnathoSoma 446 (428–451); gnathoSoma 82 (78–94) long; width of body 230 (225–240).
Dorsum. DorSal body Setae long, far longer than diStance between baSeS of conSecutive Setae, length of Setae: v2 68 (64–76); sc1 97 (84–97); sc2 78 (74–83); c1 81 (76–88); c2 86 (74–86); c3 92 (85–93); d1 84 (76–88); d2 91 (75–91); e1 85 (75–86); e2 90 (82–94); f1 69 (65–70); f2 58 (50–58); h2 34 (29–35).
Gnathosoma. Peritreme aS in female (Fig. 12). PalpuS with Spinneret about aS long aS wide: 3.7 (3.7–4.1) long and 3.4 (3.2–3.5) wide; Solenidion obviouSly Spindle-Shaped 4.1 (4.0–4.3) long; eupathidia ul’ζ and ul”ζ Subequal in length 5.1 (5.0–5.3) long (Fig. 13).
Legs. Leg I 231 (221–235); leg II 185 (184–199); leg III 182 (180–195); leg IV 195 (195–209) long (from trochanter to tarSuS). Length of firSt leg SegmentS aS followS: femur 65 (64–79); genu 41 (38–44); tibia 35 (33–37); tarSuS 72 (71–79) long. Leg Setal count aS followS (FigS. 9, 10):
I 2 – 1 – 8 – 5 – 7 + (4) – 11 + (3) + 2 duplexeS
II 2 – 1 – 6 – 5 – 5 – 11 + (1) + 1 duplex
III 1 – 1 – 2 – 2 – 5 – 8 + (1)
IV 1 – 1 – 1 – 2 – 5 – 8 + (1)
TarSuS I diStal duplex Solenidion longer than proximal Solenidion: 64 (61–65) and 47 (44–52), reSpectively. Tactile Setae of diStal and proximal duplexeS Subequal in length: 16 (14–16) and 17 (16–18), reSpectively (Fig. 9). TarSuS II Solenidion of duplex Setae 41 (40–46) long, tactile 16 (15–17) (Fig. 10). TarSuS I with 3 tactile Setae and 3 Solenidia proximal to proximal Set of duplex Setae (Fig. 9); tarSuS II with 3 tactile Setae and 1 Solenidion proximal to duplex Setae (Fig. 10).
Empodia I with 3 pairS of proximoventral hairS, thick, claw-like, the proximoventral SpurS much Shorter than dorSal claw and each with 2 fine dorSal hairS (Fig. 11). Empodia II –IV uncinate, long, claw-like with 3 pairS of proximoventral hairS; empodial claw aS long aS proximoventral hair (Fig. 11).
Aedeagus. Shaft of aedeaguS narrowing, bent ventrad, diStally leSS than at right angle and form a very Small Sigmoid, acuminate tip; Sigmoid part taperS (FigS. 14–18). MeaSurementS of aedeaguS (Fig. 14): a 6.3 (5.8–6.8); b 12.4 (10.5–12.5); c 3.6 (3.4–4.1); d 31.3 (26.7–32.1). AedeaguS meaSurementS (n=6) of O. castaneae (FigS. 19–23; voucher Specimen no. 696) collected from KanegaSaki (39°16’N 141°05’), ISawa Prov., Iwate Pref., 19-VIII-2013 (Y. KitaShima leg.): a 4.3–4.9; b 9.1–11.4; c 3.4–4; d 33.2–35.5.
Type series. Holotype: male (NSMT-Ac 14218), KanegaSaki (39°13’N 141°05’E), ISawa Prov., Iwate Pref., 5- VII-2009 (N. NiShizawa leg.), on Castanea crenata Sieb. & Zucc. (Fagaceae). ParatypeS: 23 maleS and 27 femaleS (voucher Specimen no. 327) including 4 maleS (NSMT-Ac 14219-14222) and 5 femaleS (NSMT-Ac 14223-14227) depoSited to NSMT, data Same aS for holotype.
Other specimens. Remainder of the paratypeS and additional SpecimenS are retained in AEZ-IU under the Serial voucher Specimen numberS. 4 maleS and 8 femaleS (voucher Specimen no. 325), Tomi (36°21’N 138°20’E), Nagano Pref., 20-VII-2009 (N. NiShizawa leg.), on Castanea crenata; 5 maleS and 8 femaleS (voucher Specimen no. 326), Kawachi-Nagano (34°24’N 135°32’E), OhSaka Pref., 21-VII-2009 (A. Suwa leg.), on Quercus acutissima Carruth. (Fagaceae); 3 maleS and 8 femaleS (voucher Specimen no. 346), Kumagaya (36°10’N 139°24’E), Saitama Pref., 16-VIII-2009 (N. NiShizawa leg.), on Quercus serrata Murray (Fagaceae); 4 maleS and 7 femaleS (voucher Specimen no. 349), Fujioka (36°17’N 139°37’E), ShimotSuga Prov., Tochigi Pref., 16-VIII-2009 (N. NiShizawa leg.), on Q. acutissima.
Diagnosis. The female of the new SpecieS iS cloSely related to O. castanea. Both infeSt the upper Side of leaveS of fagaceouS hoSt plantS and are browniSh green in colour. However, the main morphological character that SeparateS theSe two SpecieS iS the Shape and Size of the aedeaguS. That of the new SpecieS haS a longer diStal portion that formS a very Small Sigmoid Shape and haS an acuminate tip. In contraSt, the aedeaguS of O. castaneae iS bent at a right angle to the Shaft axiS and it haS a Straight, truncate tip bent anteriorly. In addition, the new SpecieS iS diStinguiShed from O. castaneae by having 11 tactile Setae and one Solenidion on tarSuS II of the female, inStead of 12 tactile Setae and one Solenidion; and 11 tactile Setae and one Solenidion on tarSuS II of the male, inStead of 12 tactile Setae and 2 Solenidia. The number of tactile Setae proximal to the duplex Setae on tarSuS I iS SometimeS uSeful for diStinguiShing SpecieS. However, femaleS of O. castanea from Ami (the type locality) are characterized by having tarSuS I with 4 tactile Setae and 1 Solenidion proximal to proximal duplex Setae, but tarSuS I of female SpecimenS from other localitieS have 3 or 4 tactile Setae and 1 Solenidion proximal to proximal duplex Setae. So, the number of proximal tactile Setae on the tarSuS I iS not uSeful for diStinguiShing theSe SpecieS.
ThiS new SpecieS reSembleS to O. newcomeri (McGregor, 1950); however, aedeaguS of O. neocastaneae iS diStinct from that of O. newcomeri in being widened at the bend with the upper Surface Straight (Pritchard & Baker 1955).
The new SpecieS alSo cloSely reSembleS to O. castaneae, O. gotohi Ehara, 1999, O. amiensis Ehara, 1999, and O. coffeae (Nietner, 1861) (Ehara & Gotoh 2007). However, the new SpecieS can be eaSily Separated from the other SpecieS by uSing the morphology of aedeaguS, becauSe aedeagi of the latter three SpecieS have cloSely Similar Shape with O. castaneae. There are other two conSpicuouS differenceS between the new SpecieS and theSe four SpecieS: (1) there are four or more proximoventral hairS in the male leg I of the latter four SpecieS, but only three in the new SpecieS; and (2) the proximoventral hairS in the male leg I are free, but there are fuSed (at leaSt partially) in the new SpecieS. The Shape of aedeaguS of the new SpecieS iS alSo cloSely related to that of O. clavatus (Ehara, 1959), but the latter differS from the new SpecieS in having 6 tactile Setae on tibia I inStead of 7 in the new SpecieS.
Molecular analyses. After alignment, the COI fragment had 714 nucleotide SiteS, of which 180 were parSimony informative SiteS and contained no inSertionS or deletionS. In the COI tree, the taxonomic StatuS of each SpecieS waS robuStly Supported becauSe all eight Oligonychus SpecieS analyzed in the current Study were independently cluStered (Fig. 24, bootStrap valueS = 100), meaning that O. neocastaneae sp. nov. waS a clearly Separate SpecieS from O. castaneae.
Etymology. ThiS SpecieS inhabitS the Same hoSt plant than O. castaneae to which it iS morphologically cloSely related. AS it waS diScovered after O. castaneae we deSignated it by the SpecieS name neocastaneae.
description: Published as part of Arabuli, Tea & Gotoh, Tetsuo, 2018, A new species of spider mite, Oligonychus neocastaneae sp. nov. (Acari: Tetranychidae), from Japan, pp. 563-572 in Zootaxa 4378 (4) on pages 564-570, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4378.4.7, http://zenodo.org/record/1171664