cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On the coupling between an ideal fluid and immersed particles
Creators: name: Jacobs, Henry O.
name: Ratiu, Tudor S.
name: Desbrun, Mathieu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37K65, 76B99, 70H33

description: In this paper we use Lagrange-Poincare reduction to understand the coupling between a fluid and a set of Lagrangian particles that are supposed to simulate it. In particular, we reinterpret the work of Cendra et al. by substituting velocity interpolation from particle velocities for their principal connection. The consequence of writing evolution equations in terms of interpolation is two-fold. First, it gives estimates on the error incurred when interpolation is used to derive the evolution of the system. Second, this form of the equations of motion can inspire a family of particle and hybrid particle-spectral methods where the error analysis is "built-in". We also discuss the influence of other parameters attached to the particles, such as shape, orientation, or higher-order deformations, and how they can help with conservation of momenta in the sense of Kelvin's circulation theorem.
description: to appear in Physica D, comments and questions welcome
Modeling Surface-Enhanced Spectroscopy With Perturbation Theory
Creators: name: Mueller, Niclas S.
name: Reich, Stephanie
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy
subject: SERS
subject: plasmonics
subject: perturbation theory
subject: second quantization formalism
subject: optical interference
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::541 Physikalische Chemie

description: Theoretical modeling of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is of central importance for unraveling the interplay of underlying processes and a predictive design of SERS substrates. In this work we model the plasmonic enhancement mechanism of SERS with perturbation theory. We consider the excitation of plasmonic modes as an integral part of the Raman process and model SERS as higher-order Raman scattering. Additional resonances appear in the Raman cross section which correspond to the excitation of plasmons at the wavelengths of the incident and the Raman-scattered light. The analytic expression for the Raman cross section can be used to explain the outcome of resonance Raman measurements on SERS analytes as we demonstrate by comparison to experimental data. We also implement the theory to calculate the optical absorption cross section of plasmonic nanoparticles. From a comparison to experimental cross sections, we show that the coupling matrix elements need to be renormalized by a factor that accounts for the depolarization by the bound electrons and interband transitions in order to obtain the correct magnitude. With model calculations we demonstrate that interference of different scattering channels is key to understand the excitation energy dependence of the SERS enhancement for enhancement factors below 103.
Cloud Kitchens and Their Impact on the Restaurant Industry
Creators: name: Silchenko, Volodymyr
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: cloud kitchen, restaurant industry, food delivery service, information system, online applications, Pearson correlation coefficient, two-tailed significance level.

description: An analysis of the implementation specifics of the "cloud kitchen" concept as a relevant business model in the restaurant industry, entirely based on food delivery services, has been conducted. This analysis has revealed such advantages of the mentioned concept as reduced production costs, expansion of the customer base, as well as high indicators of organization flexibility and scalability without the need for substantial investments and under conditions of minimal risk during the reorganization of the "cloud kitchen" service. The study included the determination of methods for preparing the general infrastructure for food preparation and the inclusion of food delivery services, as well as the evaluation of quantitative performance indicators, taking into account the working schedules and locations of conventional restaurants that can serve as the basis for the business model. The necessity of forming a methodology for organizing the operation of an information system that manages food preparation and delivery in accordance with changes in target indicators in real-time mode, considering constraints on information channel throughput, computational resources, and the volume of the information repository, has been emphasized. Sets of positions characterizing current trends in the operation of restaurant industry subdivisions organized in accordance with the cloud kitchen business model have been identified, namely: (i) an indicator reflecting how often users turn to online reviews to make decisions about service selection; (ii) an indicator reflecting the software applications customers use to order food online; (iii) a quantitative indicator reflecting ordering food online at discounted prices; (iv) a quantitative indicator reflecting ordering food online according to the chosen brand of food delivery application; (v) a quantitative indicator reflecting ordering food according to the chosen restaurant brand; (vi) a quantitative indicator reflecting the customer's choice of online food delivery application based on online advertising data. Based on quantitative indicators presented in open sources, calculations of such correlation indicators as the Pearson correlation coefficient and the two-tailed p-value of significance were performed, according to which the results of the statistical analysis were interpreted and the level of confidence in the specified results was determined. As a result, methodological recommendations for organizing the effective operation of a cloud kitchen based on statistical analysis of the results of online food delivery services were proposed.
The Hidden Fortress: Structure and substructure of the complex strong lensing cluster SDSS J1029+2623
Creators: name: Oguri, Masamune
name: Schrabback, Tim
name: Jullo, Eric
name: Ota, Naomi
name: Kochanek, Christopher S.
name: Dai, Xinyu
name: Ofek, Eran O.
name: Richards, Gordon T.
name: Blandford, Roger D.
name: Falco, Emilio E.
name: Fohlmeister, Janine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Hubble Space Telescope (HST) ACS and WFC3 observations of SDSS J1029+2623, a three-image quasar lens system produced by a foreground cluster at z=0.584. Our strong lensing analysis reveals 6 additional multiply imaged galaxies. We confirm the complex nature of the mass distribution of the lensing cluster, with a bimodal distribution which deviates from the Chandra X-ray SB distribution. The Einstein radius is estimated to be θ_E=15.2" \pm 0.5" for the quasar redshift of z=2.197. We derive a radial mass distribution from the combination of strong lensing, HST/ACS weak lensing, and Subaru/Suprime-cam weak lensing analysis results, finding a best-fit virial mass of M_vir=(1.5+0.40-0.35) \times 10^14 h^-1 M_sun and a concentration parameter of c_vir=25.7+14.1-7.5. The lensing mass estimate at the outer radius is smaller than the X-ray mass estimate by a factor of ~2. We ascribe this large mass discrepancy to shock heating of the intracluster gas during a merger, which is also suggested by the complex mass and gas distributions and the high value of the concentration parameter. In the HST image, we also identify a probable galaxy, GX, in the vicinity of the faintest quasar image C. The inclusion of GX explains the anomalous flux ratios between the quasar images. The morphology of the highly elongated quasar host galaxy is also well reproduced. The best-fit model suggests large total magnifications of 30 for the quasar and 35 for the quasar host galaxy, and has an AB time delay consistent with the measured value. (Abridged)
description: 13 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Exoplanet interiors and habitability
Creators: name: Hoolst, Tim Van
name: Noack, Lena
name: Rivoldini, Attilio
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: exoplanets
subject: interiors
subject: evolution
subject: habitability
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::551 Geologie, Hydrologie, Meteorologie

description: More than 1000 exoplanets with a radius smaller than twice that of the Earth are currently known, mainly thanks to space missions dedicated to the search of exoplanets. Mass and radius estimates, which are only available for a fraction (∼ 10%) of the exoplanets, provide an indication of the bulk composition and interior structure and show that the diversity in exoplanets is far greater than in the Solar System. Geophysical studies of the interior of exoplanets are key to understanding their formation and evolution, and are also crucial for assessing their potential habitability since interior processes play an essential role in creating and maintaining conditions for water to exist at the surface or in subsurface layers. For lack of detailed observations, investigations of the interior of exoplanets are guided by the more refined knowledge already acquired about the Solar System planets and moons, and are heavily based on theoretical modelling and on studies of the behaviour of materials under the high pressure and temperature conditions in planets. Here we review the physical principles and methods used in modelling the interior and evolution of exoplanets with a rock or water/ice surface layer and identify possible habitats in or on exoplanets.
Perturbative analysis of topological entanglement entropy from conditional independence
Creators: name: Kim, Isaac H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the structure of conditionally independent states to analyze the stability of topological entanglement entropy. For the ground state of quantum double or Levin-Wen model, we obtain a bound on the first order perturbation of topological entanglement entropy in terms of its energy gap and subsystem size. The bound decreases superpolynomially with the size of the subsystem, provided the energy gap is nonzero. We also study the finite temperature stability of stabilizer models, for which we prove a stronger statement than the strong subadditivity of entropy. Using this statement and assuming i) finite correlation length ii) small conditional mutual information of certain configurations, first order perturbation effect for arbitrary local perturbation can be bounded. We discuss the technical obstacles in generalizing these results.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, added references, clarified Lemma 1, some other minor changes
Organizational Agents as Epistemic Agents: Re-examining Nurse Executives' Agency in Homecare Organizations
Creators: name: Ashley, Lisa
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2024
Subjects: nurse executive
homecare
agency
identity
Sociology of Ignorance
Critical Management Studies
Critical Discourse Analysis

description: This research presents a critical analysis and original theoretical approach to a complex phenomenon that addresses current gaps in our understanding of the experiences of nurse executives and their organizational positioning in homecare organizations. It reveals how nurse executives experience paradoxical identities of executive and nurse. The competitiveness of homecare as a business and the status of homecare among other healthcare sectors is problematic and exacerbates the tension between those two identities. This qualitative research aims to explore NEs' epistemic and discursive organizational positioning in HCOs. This research also explores how nurse executives enact their moral, socio-professional, political and epistemic agency in homecare organizations in Ontario. The research questions guiding this study were: 1) How do nurse executives enact their agency, identity, values, and means in their organization? 2) What are the daily transactions and negotiations with organizational and systemic entities with which nurse executives engage in their organization? 3) How do nurse executives navigate such complexities to fulfil their organizational responsibilities and enact influence in their organizations? This research emphasized the importance of dominant discourses and practices in homecare organizations, shaping distinct epistemic landscapes that foster specific ways of thinking, speaking, and acting across those organizations and within the healthcare system. Fairclough's Critical Discourse Analysis was used to analyze interviews with nurse executives and selected policy and guidance documents. A theoretical framework combining Critical Management Studies, as informed by Foucault, and the Sociology of Ignorance was used to highlight the complexity of nurse executive power within the context of social structures. This study exposed the relationships and the circulation of knowledge and non-knowledge (i.e., ignorance) and the ability to exercise power within homecare organizations. Findings can contribute to scholarly knowledge about practice, education, policy, theory, and future research perspectives. This research has implications for scholarship about nursing leadership across healthcare and management disciplines by better understanding the power, knowledge, and ignorance dynamics within homecare organizations and the healthcare system.
The role of the mobile proton in fucose migration
Creators: name: Lettow, Maike
name: Mucha, Eike
name: Manz, Christian
name: Thomas, Daniel A.
name: Marianski, Mateusz
name: Meijer, Gerard
name: Helden, Gert Von
name: Pagel, Kevin
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: fucose migration
subject: internal residue loss
subject: infrared spectroscopy
subject: mass spectrometry
subject: carbohydrates
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::547 Organische Chemie

description: Fucose migration reactions represent a substantial challenge in the analysis of fucosylated glycan structures by mass spectrometry. In addition to the well-established observation of transposed fucose residues in glycan-dissociation product ions, recent experiments show that the rearrangement can also occur in intact glycan ions. These results suggest a low-energy barrier for migration of the fucose residue and broaden the relevance of fucose migration to include other types of mass spectrometry experiments, including ion mobility-mass spectrometry and ion spectroscopy. In this work, we utilize cold-ion infrared spectroscopy to provide further insight into glycan scrambling in intact glycan ions. Our results show that the mobility of the proton is a prerequisite for the migration reaction. For the prototypical fucosylated glycans Lewis x and blood group antigen H-2, the formation of adduct ions or the addition of functional groups with variable proton affinity yields significant differences in the infrared spectra. These changes correlate well with the promotion or inhibition of fucose migration through the presence or absence of a mobile proton.
A zoo of diffeomorphism groups on $\mathbb R^n$
Creators: name: Michor, Peter W.
name: Mumford, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58B20, 58D15

description: We consider the groups $\operatorname{Diff}_{\mathcal B}(\mathbb R^n)$, $\operatorname{Diff}_{H^\infty}(\mathbb R^n)$, and $\operatorname{Diff}_{\mathcal S}(\mathbb R^n)$ of smooth diffeomorphisms on $\mathbb R^n$ which differ from the identity by a function which is in either $\mathcal B$ (bounded in all derivatives), $H^\infty = \bigcap_{k\ge 0}H^k$, or $\mathcal S$ (rapidly decreasing). We show that all these groups are smooth regular Lie groups.
description: 12 pages. Revised: Misprints and mistakes corrected
How much do we really lose?—Yield losses in the proximity of natural landscape elements in agricultural landscapes
Creators: name: Raatz, Larissa
name: Bacchi, Nina
name: Pirhofer Walzl, Karin
name: Glemnitz, Michael
name: Müller, Marina E. H.
name: Joshi, Jasmin
name: Scherber, Christoph
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: crop production
subject: ecosystem services
subject: edge effect
subject: land sharing vs. land sparing
subject: natural habitats
subject: winter wheat
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Natural landscape elements (NLEs) in agricultural landscapes contribute to biodiversity and ecosystem services, but are also regarded as an obstacle for large‐scale agricultural production. However, the effects of NLEs on crop yield have rarely been measured. Here, we investigated how different bordering structures, such as agricultural roads, field‐to‐field borders, forests, hedgerows, and kettle holes, influence agricultural yields. We hypothesized that (a) yield values at field borders differ from mid‐field yields and that (b) the extent of this change in yields depends on the bordering structure. We measured winter wheat yields along transects with log‐scaled distances from the border into the agricultural field within two intensively managed agricultural landscapes in Germany (2014 near Göttingen, and 2015–2017 in the Uckermark). We observed a yield loss adjacent to every investigated bordering structure of 11%–38% in comparison with mid‐field yields. However, depending on the bordering structure, this yield loss disappeared at different distances. While the proximity of kettle holes did not affect yields more than neighboring agricultural fields, woody landscape elements had strong effects on winter wheat yields. Notably, 95% of mid‐field yields could already be reached at a distance of 11.3 m from a kettle hole and at a distance of 17.8 m from hedgerows as well as forest borders. Our findings suggest that yield losses are especially relevant directly adjacent to woody landscape elements, but not adjacent to in‐field water bodies. This highlights the potential to simultaneously counteract yield losses close to the field border and enhance biodiversity by combining different NLEs in agricultural landscapes such as creating strips of extensive grassland vegetation between woody landscape elements and agricultural fields. In conclusion, our results can be used to quantify ecocompensations to find optimal solutions for the delivery of productive and regulative ecosystem services in heterogeneous agricultural landscapes.
Acute left ventricular insufficiency in a Burkitt Lymphoma patient with myocardial involvement and extensive local tumor cell lysis: a case report
Creators: name: Schmiester, Maren
name: Tranter, Eva
name: Lorusso, Alessandro
name: Blaschke, Florian
name: Geisel, Dominik
name: Bullinger, Lars
name: Damm, Frederik
name: Na, Il-Kang
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Burkitt Lymphoma
subject: Case report
subject: Cardiac neoplasms
subject: Myocardial lymphoma involvement
subject: Acute cardiac insufficiency
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is a rare disease with the sporadic variant accounting for less than 1% of adult non-Hodgkin lymphomas. BL usually presents with an abdominal bulk, but extranodal disease affecting the bone marrow and central nervous system is common. Cardiac manifestations, however, are exceedingly rare, with less than 30 cases reported in the literature. Case presentation: We report on a 54-year-old male patient with a six week-long history of paranasal sinus swelling, fatigue and dyspnea on exertion. Stage IV sporadic BL with extensive lymphonodal and cardiovascular involvement was diagnosed. Manifestations included supra- and infradiaphragmatic lymphadenopathy as well as infiltration of the aortic root, the pericardium, the right atrium and the right ventricle. EBV-reactivation was detected, which is uncommon in the sporadic subtype. After initial full-dose chemotherapy with very good BL control, the patient developed acute, but fully reversible cardiac insufficiency. Myocardial lymphoma involvement receded completely during the following two therapy cycles, while cardiac function periodically deteriorated shortly after chemotherapy administration and quickly recovered thereafter. Interestingly, the decline in cardiac function lessened with decreasing myocardial lymphoma manifestation. Once the cardiovascular BL infiltration was resolved, cardiac function remained stable throughout further treatment. Following seven cycles of chemotherapy and mediastinal radiation, the patient is now in continued complete remission. Conclusions: Although rare, cardiac involvement in BL can quickly become life-threatening due to rapid lymphoma doubling time and should therefore be considered at initial diagnosis. This case suggests an association between myocardial infiltration, chemotherapy associated tumor cell lysis and transient deterioration of cardiac function until the damage caused by the underlying lymphoma could be restored. While additional studies are needed to further elucidate the mechanisms of acute cardiac insufficiency due to lymphoma lysis in the infiltrated structures, prompt BL control and full recovery of the patient supports courageous treatment start despite extensive cardiovascular involvement.
Dynamics of Magnetized Bulk Viscous Strings in Brans-Dicke Gravity
Creators: name: Sharif, M.
name: Waheed, Saira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore locally rotationally symmetric Bianchi I universe in Brans-Dicke gravity with self-interacting potential by using charged viscous cosmological string fluid. We use a relationship between the shear and expansion scalars and also take the power law for scalar field as well as self-interacting potential. It is found that the resulting universe model maintains its anisotropic nature at all times due to the proportionality relationship between expansion and shear scalars. The physical implications of this model are discussed by using different parameters and their graphs. We conclude that this model corresponds to an accelerated expanding universe for particular values of the parameters.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures
Chalcolithic and Middle Bronze Age obsidian industries at Karmir Sar: A mountain view on the lithic economies of the Southern Caucasus
Creators: name: Purschwitz, Christoph
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: chipped stone
subject: ad hoc tool industries
subject: Chalcolithic
subject: Bronze Age
subject: Armenia
subject: 900 Geschichte und Geografie::930 Geschichte des Altertums (bis ca. 499), Archäologie::930 Geschichte des Altertums bis ca. 499, Archäologie

description: The high-altitude site of Karmir Sar is located around 2850 m a.s.l. on the southern slopes of Mt. Aragats (Armenia). Numerous stone structures (including vishaps, cromlechs, stone enclosures) are found all over the 40 ha-sized meadow, out of which three vishaps, four cromlechs and one circular stone structure have been investigated since 2012. According to 14C-dates, pottery and diagnostic lithic artefacts, human presence at Karmir Sar started as early as the Chalcolithic Period and continued (with gaps) until modern times; whereby the Middle Bronze Age (MBA) and the Medieval era represent the most intensive periods of occupation. This contribution presents primary data on the typology and technology of 1129 chipped lithic artefacts that have been excavated in four trenches at Karmir Sar (operations KS A, KS C, KS D, and KS E). This study of the lithic industries of Karmir Sar will be embedded within the framework of lithic economy, which considers lithic artefacts as part of a comprehensive interaction between lithic production and consumption. The lithic economy includes strategies of raw material procurement, blanks production and its transformation into tools, tool use, as well as the circulation of raw materials or products. Due to multiple use episodes and a general lack of clear stratigraphical horizons, the assemblages of Karmir Sar are not suitable to define the lithic industry for specific periods (such as the Chalcolithic or MBA periods). However, the data allows for general conclusions on lithic production and consumption at Karmir Sar, which appears to be quite similar during both periods. The Chalcolithic and MBA lithic economies at Karmir Sar are characterized by an ad hoc tool production environment, which well matches the needs of semi-mobile herder societies. The majority of raw materials appear to be procured from secondary source areas (such as riverbeds) which is indicated by a high ratio of battered and rolled surfaces. Tools are predominantly produced on-site, and according to daily demands by simple flake core technology. This allowed for a flexible, spontaneous blank and tool production without being dependent on specialized blade producers.
Sum of Two Squares - Pair Correlation and Distribution in Short Intervals
Creators: name: Smilansky, Yotam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this work we show that based on a conjecture for the pair correlation of integers representable as sums of two squares, which was first suggested by Connors and Keating and reformulated here, the second moment of the distribution of the number of representable integers in short intervals is consistent with a Poissonian distribution, where "short" means of length comparable to the mean spacing between sums of two squares. In addition we present a method for producing such conjectures through calculations in prime power residue rings and describe how these conjectures, as well as the above stated result, may by generalized to other binary quadratic forms. While producing these pair correlation conjectures we arrive at a surprising result regarding Mertens' formula for primes in arithmetic progressions, and in order to test the validity of the conjectures, we present numericalz computations which support our approach.
description: 3 figures
Short term outcome after left atrial appendage occlusion with the AMPLATZER Amulet and WATCHMAN device: results from the ORIGINAL registry (saxOnian RegIstry analyzinG and followINg left atrial Appendage cLosure)
Creators: name: Kretzler, Lucie
name: Mues, Christoph
name: Wunderlich, Carsten
name: Langbein, Anke
name: Spitzer, S. G.
name: Gerk, Ulrich
name: Schellong, Sebastian
name: Ketteler, Thomas
name: Neuser, Hans
name: Schwefer, Marcus
name: Strasser, Ruth
name: Ibrahim, Karim
name: Schoen, Steffen
name: Christoph, Marian
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Left atrial appendage
subject: Atrial fibrillation
subject: Stroke prevention
subject: Patient registry
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: Various randomized multicenter studies have shown that percutaneous left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) is not inferior in stroke prevention compared to vitamin K antagonists (VKA) and can be performed safely and effectively. Aims: The prospective multicenter ORIGINAL registry in the Free State of Saxony (saxOnian RegIstry analyzinG and followINg left atrial Appendage cLosure) investigated the efficiency and safety of LAAC with Watchman or Amulet device in a real word setting. A special focus was put on the influence of LAAC frequency on periprocedural efficiency and safety. Methods and results: The total of 482 consecutive patients (Abbott Amulet N = 93 and Boston Scientific Watchman N = 389) were included in the periinterventional analyses. After 6 weeks, 353 patients completed the first follow-up including transoesophageal echocardiography (TEE) (73.2%). Successful LAAC could be performed in more than 94%. The complication rate does not significantly differ between device types (p = 0.92) according to Fischer test and comprised 2.2% in the Amulet and 2.3% in the Watchman group. The kind of device and the frequency of LAAC per study center had no influence on the success and complication rates. Device related thrombus could be revealed more frequently in the Watchman group (4.5%) than in the Amulet group (1.4%) but this difference is still not significant in Fisher test (p = 0.14). Same conclusion can be made about residual leakage 1.1% versus 0% [not significant in Fisher test (p = 0.26)]. Dual antiplatelet therapy followed the intervention in 64% and 22% of patients were discharged under a combination of an anticoagulant (VKA/DOAC/Heparin) and one antiplatelet agent. Conclusions: The ORIGINAL registry supports the thesis from large, randomized trials that LAAC can be performed with a very high procedural success rate in the everyday clinical routine irrespective of the used LAA device (Watchman or Amulet). The postprocedural antithrombotic strategy differs widely among the participating centers.
Geodesic deviation, Raychaudhuri equation, and tidal forces in modified gravity with an arbitrary curvature-matter coupling
Creators: name: Harko, Tiberiu
name: Lobo, Francisco S. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The geodesic deviation equation, describing the relative accelerations of nearby particles, and the Raychaudhury equation, giving the evolution of the kinematical quantities associated with deformations (expansion, shear and rotation) are considered in the framework of modified theories of gravity with an arbitrary curvature-matter coupling, by taking into account the effects of the extra force. As a physical application of the geodesic deviation equation the modifications of the tidal forces due to the supplementary curvature-matter coupling are obtained in the weak field approximation. The tidal motion of test particles is directly influenced not only by the gradient of the extra force, which is basically determined by the gradient of the Ricci scalar, but also by an explicit coupling between the velocity and the Riemann curvature tensor. As a specific example, the expression of the Roche limit (the orbital distance at which a satellite will begin to be tidally torn apart by the body it is orbiting) is also obtained for this class of models.
description: 10 pages, no figures; references added, accepted for publication in PRD
The MarR-Type Repressor MhqR Confers Quinone and Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus
Creators: name: Fritsch, Verena Nadin
name: Loi, Vu Van
name: Busche, Tobias
name: Sommer, Anna
name: Tedin, Karsten
name: Nürnberg, Dennis J.
name: Kalinowski, Jörn
name: Bernhardt, Jörg
name: Fulde, Marcus
name: Antelmann, Haike
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Staphylococcus aureus
subject: MhqR
subject: QsrR
subject: quinones
subject: antimicrobial resistance
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Aims: Quinone compounds are electron carriers and have antimicrobial and toxic properties due to their mode of actions as electrophiles and oxidants. However, the regulatory mechanism of quinone resistance is less well understood in the pathogen Staphylococcus aureus. Results: Methylhydroquinone (MHQ) caused a thiol-specific oxidative and electrophile stress response in the S. aureus transcriptome as revealed by the induction of the PerR, QsrR, CstR, CtsR, and HrcA regulons. The SACOL2531-29 operon was most strongly upregulated by MHQ and was renamed as mhqRED operon based on its homology to the Bacillus subtilis locus. Here, we characterized the MarR-type regulator MhqR (SACOL2531) as quinone-sensing repressor of the mhqRED operon, which confers quinone and antimicrobial resistance in S. aureus. The mhqRED operon responds specifically to MHQ and less pronounced to pyocyanin and ciprofloxacin, but not to reactive oxygen species (ROS), hypochlorous acid, or aldehydes. The MhqR repressor binds specifically to a 9–9 bp inverted repeat (MhqR operator) upstream of the mhqRED operon and is inactivated by MHQ in vitro, which does not involve a thiol-based mechanism. In phenotypic assays, the mhqR deletion mutant was resistant to MHQ and quinone-like antimicrobial compounds, including pyocyanin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, and rifampicin. In addition, the mhqR mutant was sensitive to sublethal ROS and 24 h post-macrophage infections but acquired an improved survival under lethal ROS stress and after long-term infections. Innovation: Our results provide a link between quinone and antimicrobial resistance via the MhqR regulon of S. aureus. Conclusion: The MhqR regulon was identified as a novel resistance mechanism towards quinone-like antimicrobials and contributes to virulence of S. aureus under long-term infections.
Creep events and creep noise in gravitational-wave interferometers: basic formalism and stationary limit
Creators: name: Levin, Yuri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In gravitational-wave interferometers, test masses are suspended on thin fibers which experience considerable tension stress. Sudden microscopic stress release in a suspension fiber, which I call a 'creep event', would excite motion of the test mass that would be coupled to the interferometer's readout. The random test-mass motion due to a time-sequence of creep events is referred to as 'creep noise'. In this paper I present an elasto-dynamic calculation for the test-mass motion due to a creep event. I show that within a simple suspension model, the main coupling to the optical readout occurs via a combination of a "dc" horizontal displacement of the test mass, and excitation of the violin and pendulum modes, and not, as was thought previously, via lengthening of the fiber. When the creep events occur sufficiently frequently and their statistics is time-independent, the creep noise can be well-approximated by a stationary Gaussian random process. I derive the functional form of the creep noise spectral density in this limit, with the restrictive assumption that the creep events are statistically independent from each other.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures. References added, accepted to Physical Review D
MPEC 2023-M39 : 2023 MJ
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 MJ

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
On Krebes' tangle
Creators: name: Abernathy, Susan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A genus-1 tangle G is an arc properly embedded in a standardly embedded solid torus S in the 3-sphere. We say that a genus-1 tangle embeds in a knot K in S^3 if the tangle can be completed by adding an arc exterior to the solid torus to form the knot K. We call K a closure of G. An obstruction to embedding a genus-1 tangle G in a knot is given by torsion in the homology of branched covers of S branched over G. We examine a particular example A of a genus-1 tangle, given by Krebes, and consider its two double-branched covers. Using this homological obstruction, we show that any closure of A obtained via an arc which passes through the hole of S an odd number of times must have determinant divisible by three. A resulting corollary is that if A embeds in the unknot, then the arc which completes A to the unknot must pass through the hole of S an even number of times.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures. v2: Minor changes made, typos corrected. v3: Final version, accepted for publication
Spin, angular momentum and spin-statistics for a relativistic quantum many body system
Creators: name: Horwitz, Lawrence
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The adaptation of Wigner's induced representation for a relativistic quantum theory making possible the construction of wavepackets and admitting covariant expectation values for the coordinate operator x^μintroduces a foliation on the Hilbert space of states. The spin-statistics relation for fermions and bosons implies the universality of the parametrization of orbits of the induced representation, implying that all particles within the identical particle sets transform under the same SU(2) subgroup of the Lorentz group, and therefore their spins and angular momentum states can be computed using the usual Clebsch-Gordon coefficients associated with angular momentum. Important consequences, such as entanglement for subsystems at unequal times, covariant statistical correlations in many body systems, and the construction of relativistic boson and fermion statistical ensembles, as well as implications for the foliation of the Fock space and for quantum field theory are discussed.
description: 15 pages. Correction to Eq. (15) and references
Searches with Mono-Leptons
Creators: name: Bai, Yang
name: Tait, Tim M. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the implications of the mono-lepton plus missing transverse energy signature at the LHC, and point out its significance on understanding how dark matter interacts with quarks, where the signature arises from dark matter pair production together with a leptonically decaying W boson radiated from the initial state quarks. We derive limits using the existing W' searches at the LHC, and find an interesting interference between the contributions from dark matter couplings to up-type and down-type quarks. Mono-leptons can actually furnish the strongest current bound on dark matter interactions for axial vector (spin-dependent) interactions and iso-spin violating couplings. Should a signal of dark matter production be observed, this process can also help disentangle the dark matter couplings to up- and down-type quarks.
description: four pages; six figures; the LHC 8 TeV results have been updated; final version in PLB
Basic principles of temporal dynamics
Creators: name: Ryo, Masahiro
name: Aguilar-Trigueros, Carlos A.
name: Pinek, Liliana
name: Muller, Ludo A.H.
name: Rillig, Matthias C.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: temporal ecology
subject: temporal dynamics
subject: time series
subject: memory
subject: hierarchical complexity
subject: scale
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::577 Ökologie

description: All ecological disciplines consider temporal dynamics, although relevant concepts have been developed almost independently. We here introduce basic principles of temporal dynamics in ecology. We figured out essential features that describe temporal dynamics by finding similarities among about 60 ecological concepts and theories. We found that considering the hierarchically nested structure of complexity in temporal patterns (i.e. hierarchical complexity) can well describe the fundamental nature of temporal dynamics by expressing which patterns are observed at each scale. Across all ecological levels, driver–response relationships can be temporally variant and dependent on both short- and long-term past conditions. The framework can help with designing experiments, improving predictive power of statistics, and enhancing communications among ecological disciplines.
Preventing adverse events of chemotherapy for gastrointestinal cancer by educating patients about the nocebo effect: a randomized-controlled trial
Creators: name: Michnevich, Twyla L.
name: Pan, Y.
name: Hendi, A.
name: Oechsle, K.
name: Stein, A.
name: Nestoriuc, Y.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Placebo
subject: Nocebo
subject: Expectations
subject: Chemotherapy
subject: Adverse events
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: Adverse events of chemotherapy may be caused by pharmacodynamics or psychological factors such as negative expectations, which constitute nocebo effects. In a randomized controlled trial, we examined whether educating patients about the nocebo effect is efficacious in reducing the intensity of self-reported adverse events. Methods: In this proof-of-concept study, N = 100 outpatients (mean age: 60.2 years, 65% male, 54% UICC tumour stage IV) starting first-line, de novo chemotherapy for gastrointestinal cancers were randomized 1:1 to a nocebo education (n = 49) or an attention control group (n = 51). Our primary outcome was patient-rated intensity of four chemotherapy-specific and three non-specific adverse events (rated on 11-point Likert scales) at 10-days and 12-weeks after the first course of chemotherapy. Secondary outcomes included perceived control of adverse events and tendency to misattribute symptoms. Results: General linear models indicated that intensity of adverse events differed at 12-weeks after the first course of chemotherapy (mean difference: 4.04, 95% CI [0.72, 7.36], p = .02, d = 0.48), with lower levels in the nocebo education group. This was attributable to less non-specific adverse events (mean difference: 0.39, 95% CI [0.04, 0.73], p = .03, d = 0.44) and a trend towards less specific adverse events in the nocebo education group (mean difference: 0.36, 95% CI [- 0.02, 0.74], p = .07, d = 0.37). We found no difference in adverse events at 10-days follow-up, perceived control of adverse events, or tendency to misattribute non-specific symptoms to the chemotherapy. Conclusions: This study provides first proof-of-concept evidence for the efficacy of a brief information session in preventing adverse events of chemotherapy. However, results regarding patient-reported outcomes cannot rule out response biases. Informing patients about the nocebo effect may be an innovative and clinically feasible intervention for reducing the burden of adverse events.
Error-related brain activity as a transdiagnostic endophenotype for obsessive-compulsive disorder, anxiety and substance use disorder
Creators: name: Riesel, Anja Riesel
name: Klawohn, Julia
name: Grützmann, Rosa
name: Kaufmann, Christian
name: Heinzel, Stephan
name: Bey, Katharina
name: Lennertz, Leonhard
name: Wagner, Michael
name: Kathmann, Norbert
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: anxiety disorders
subject: depression
subject: endophenotype
subject: error-realted negativity
subject: family study
subject: obssessive-compulsive disorder
subject: substance use disorder
subject: transdiagnostic risk marker
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: Background Increased neural error-signals have been observed in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), anxiety disorders, and inconsistently in depression. Reduced neural error-signals have been observed in substance use disorders (SUD). Thus, alterations in error-monitoring are proposed as a transdiagnostic endophenotype. To strengthen this notion, data from unaffected individuals with a family history for the respective disorders are needed. Methods The error-related negativity (ERN) as a neural indicator of error-monitoring was measured during a flanker task from 117 OCD patients, 50 unaffected first-degree relatives of OCD patients, and 130 healthy comparison participants. Family history information indicated, that 76 healthy controls were free of a family history for psychopathology, whereas the remaining had first-degree relatives with depression (n = 28), anxiety (n = 27), and/or SUD (n = 27). Results Increased ERN amplitudes were found in OCD patients and unaffected first-degree relatives of OCD patients. In addition, unaffected first-degree relatives of individuals with anxiety disorders were also characterized by increased ERN amplitudes, whereas relatives of individuals with SUD showed reduced amplitudes. Conclusions Alterations in neural error-signals in unaffected first-degree relatives with a family history of OCD, anxiety, or SUD support the utility of the ERN as a transdiagnostic endophenotype. Reduced neural error-signals may indicate vulnerability for under-controlled behavior and risk for substance use, whereas a harm- or error-avoidant response style and vulnerability for OCD and anxiety appears to be associated with increased ERN. This adds to findings suggesting a common neurobiological substrate across psychiatric disorders involving the anterior cingulate cortex and deficits in cognitive control.
Occurrence conditions for two-dimensional Borromean systems
Creators: name: Volosniev, A. G.
name: Fedorov, D. V.
name: Jensen, A. S.
name: Zinner, N. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We search for Borromean three-body systems of identical bosons in two dimensional geometry, i.e. we search for bound three-boson system without bound two-body subsystems. Unlike three spatial dimensions, in two-dimensional geometry the two- and three-body thresholds often coincide ruling out Borromean systems. We show that Borromean states can only appear for potentials with substantial attractive and repulsive parts. Borromean states are most easily found when a barrier is present outside an attractive pocket. Extensive numerical search did not reveal Borromean states for potentials without an outside barrier. We outline possible experimental setups to observe Borromean systems in two spatial dimensions.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, published version
Influence of polar co-solutes and salt on the hydration of lipid membranes
Creators: name: Wolde-Kidan, Amanuel
name: Pham, Quoc Dat
name: Schlaich, Alexander
name: Loche, Philip
name: Sparr, Emma
name: Netz, Roland R.
name: Schneck, Emanuel
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: salt
subject: lipid membranes
subject: polar co-solutes
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::541 Physikalische Chemie

description: The influence of the co-solutes TMAO, urea, and NaCl on the hydration repulsion between lipid membranes is investigated in a combined experimental/simulation approach. Pressure–hydration curves obtained via sorption experiments reveal that the repulsion significantly increases when the membranes are loaded with co-solutes, most strongly for TMAO. As a result, the co-solutes retain additional water molecules and therefore provide membranes with a fluid and more physiological environment. The experimental data are quantitatively reproduced in complementary solvent-explicit atomistic molecular dynamics simulations, which yield the chemical potential of water. Simulation analysis reveals that the additional repulsion arises from the osmotic pressure generated by the co-solutes, an effect which is maximal for TMAO, due to its unfavorable interactions with the lipid headgroup layer and its extraordinarily high osmotic coefficient.