cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Capillary fracture of soft gels
Creators: name: Bostwick, Joshua B.
name: Daniels, Karen E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A liquid droplet resting on a soft gel substrate can deform that substrate to the point of material failure, whereby fractures develop on the gel surface that propagate outwards from the contact-line in a starburst pattern. In this paper, we characterize i) the initiation process in which the number of arms in the starburst is controlled by the ratio of surface tension contrast to the gel's elastic modulus and ii) the propagation dynamics showing that once fractures are initiated they propagate with a universal power law $L\propto t^{3/4}$. We develop a model for crack initiation by treating the gel as a linear elastic solid and computing the deformations within the substrate from the liquid/solid wetting forces. The elastic solution shows that both the location and magnitude of the wetting forces are critical in providing a quantitative prediction for the number of fractures and, hence, an interpretation of the initiation of capillary fractures. This solution also reveals that the depth of the gel is an important factor in the fracture process, as it can help mitigate large surface tractions; this finding is confirmed with experiments. We then develop a model for crack propagation by considering the transport of an inviscid fluid into the fracture tip of an incompressible material, and find that a simple energy-conservation argument can explain the observed material-independent power law. We compare predictions for both linear elastic and neo-Hookean solids finding that the latter better explains the observed exponent.
Deformation effects in toroidal and compression dipole excitations of $^{170}$Yb: Skyrme-RPA analysis
Creators: name: Kvasil, J.
name: Nesterenko, V. O.
name: Kleinig, W.
name: Reinhard, P. -G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of nuclear deformation on the isoscalar toroidal and compression dipole modes in prolate $^{170}$Yb is studied in the framework of the random-phase-approximation method with a representative set of Skyrme forces (SV-bas, SLy6, SkM$^*$ and SkI3). It is shown that the deformation crucially redistributes the strength of both modes. The compression mode has the same sequence of $μ$=0 and 1 branches as the isovector giant dipole resonance where for prolate nuclei the $μ=0$ mode is lower in energy ($μ$ being the projection of the axial momentum of the mode). Instead, the toroidal mode exhibits an anomalous (opposite) sequence where the $μ$=1 branch precedes the $μ$=0 one.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures, submitted to Phys. Scripta
Berkeley 94 and Berkeley 96: Two Young Clusters with Different Dynamical Evolution
Creators: name: Delgado, Antonio Jesús
name: Djupvik, Anlaug Amanda
name: Costado, María Teresa
name: Alfaro, Emilio Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed multiband UBVRcIcJHKs photometry of two young clusters located at large Galactocentric distances in the direction of the Perseus spiral arm. The obtained distances and colour excesses amount to 3.9+-0.11 kpc, E(B-V)=0.62+-0.05 for Berkeley 94, and 4.3+-0.15 kpc, E(B-V)=0.58+-0.06 for Berkeley 96. The respective ages, as measured from the comparison of the upper colour-magnitude diagrams to model isochrones, amount to LogAge(yr)=7.5+-0.07, and 7.0+-0.07, respectively. A sequence of optical PMS members is proposed in both clusters. In addition, samples of objects showing (H-Ks) excess are found. Part of these are suggested to be PMS cluster members of lower mass than the optical candidates. The spatial distribution of these sources, the comparison to galactic models and to the expected number of contaminating distant red galaxies, and the spectral energy distribution in particular cases support this suggestion. According to the results from numerical simulations, the spatial distributions of members in different mass ranges are interpreted as suggesting different initial conditions and evolutionary dynamical paths for the clusters. Berkeley 94 would have formed under supervirial conditions, and followed the so-called warm collapse model in its evolution, whereas Berkeley 96 would have formed with a subvirial structure, and would have evolved following a cold collapse path. Both processes would be able to reproduce the suggested degree of mass segregation and their spatial distribution by mass range. Finally, the mass distributions of the clusters, from the most massive stars down to PMS stars around 1.3 Msun, are calculated. An acceptable general agreement with the Salpeter IMF slope is found.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS (15.7.2013)
Number of fermion generations from a novel Grand Unified model
Creators: name: Byakti, Pritibhajan
name: Emmanuel-Costa, David
name: Mazumdar, Arindam
name: Pal, Palash B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electroweak interactions based on a gauge group $\rm SU(3)_L \times U(1)_X$, coupled to the QCD gauge group $\rm SU(3)_c$, can predict the number of generations to be multiples of three. We first try to unify these models within SU(N) groups, using antisymmetric tensor representations only. After examining why these attempts fail, we continue to search for an SU(N) GUT that can explain the number of fermion generations. We show that such a model can be found for $N=9$, with fermions in antisymmetric rank-1 and rank-3 representations only, and examine the constraints on various masses in the model coming from the requirement of unification.
description: 17 pages, 1 eps figure
Time to absorption for a heterogeneous neutral competition model
Creators: name: Borile, Claudio
name: Pra, Paolo Dai
name: Fischer, Markus
name: Formentin, Marco
name: Maritan, Amos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Neutral models aspire to explain biodiversity patterns in ecosystems where species difference can be neglected, as it might occur at a specific trophic level, and perfect symmetry is assumed between species. Voter-like models capture the essential ingredients of the neutral hypothesis and represent a paradigm for other disciplines like social studies and chemical reactions. In a system where each individual can interact with all the other members of the community, the typical time to reach an absorbing state with a single species scales linearly with the community size. Here we show, by using a rigorous approach within a large deviation principle and confirming previous approximate and numerical results, that in a heterogeneous voter model the typical time to reach an absorbing state scales exponentially with the system size, suggestive of an asymptotic active phase.
description: 12 pages
Dressing effects in laser-assisted ($e,2e$) process in fast electron-hydrogen atom collisions in an asymmetric coplanar scattering geometry
Creators: name: Buică, Gabriela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the theoretical treatment of laser-assisted $(e,2e)$ ionizing collisions in hydrogen for fast electrons, in the framework of the first-order Born approximation at moderate laser intensities and photon energies beyond the soft-photon approximation. The interaction of the laser field with the incident, scattered, and ejected electrons is treated nonperturbatively by using Gordon-Volkov wave functions, while the atomic dressing is treated by using first-order perturbation theory. Within this semiperturbative formalism, we obtain a closed-form formula for the nonlinear triple differential cross section (TDCS), which is valid for linear as well circular polarizations. Analytical simple expressions of TDCS are derived in the weak field domain and low-photon energy limit. It was found that for non-resonant $(e,2e)$ reactions, the analytical formulas obtained for the atomic matrix element in the low-photon energy limit give a good agreement, qualitative and quantitative, with the numerical semiperturbative model calculations. We study the influence of the photon energy as well of the kinetic energy of the ejected electron on the TDCS, in the asymmetric coplanar geometry, and show that the dressing of the atomic target strongly influences the $(e, 2e)$ ionization process. We discuss the exchange effects between the ejected and scattered electrons in the TDCS.
Design of a national patient-centred clinical pathway for sepsis in Sweden
Creators: name: Strålin, Kristoffer
name: Linder, Adam
name: Brink, Magnus
name: Benjaminsson-Nyberg, Patrik
name: Svefors, Jesper
name: Bengtsson-Toni, Maria
name: Abelson, Christina
name: Offenbartl, Karsten
name: Björkqvist, Kristina
name: Rosenqvist, Mari
name: Rönnkvist, Annica
name: Svärd-Backlund, Jenny
name: Wallgren, Karin
name: Tydén, Jonas
name: Wallgren, Ulrika
name: Vicente, Veronica
name: Cajander, Sara
name: Lipcsey, Miklós
name: Nauclér, Pontus
name: Kurland, Lisa
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The World Health Organization has adopted a resolution on sepsis and urged member states to develop national processes to improve sepsis care. In Sweden, sepsis was selected as one of the ten first diagnoses to be addressed, when the Swedish government in 2019 allocated funds for patient-centred clinical pathways in healthcare. A national multidisciplinary working group, including a patient representative, was appointed to develop the patient-centred clinical pathway for sepsis. The working group mapped challenges and needs surrounding sepsis care and included a survey sent to all emergency departments (ED) in Sweden, and then designed a patient-centred clinical pathway for sepsis. The working group decided to focus on the following four areas: (1) sepsis alert for early detection and management optimisation for the most severely ill sepsis patients in the ED; (2) accurate sepsis diagnosis coding; (3) structured information to patients at discharge after sepsis care and (4) structured telephone follow-up after sepsis care. A health-economic analysis indicated that the implementation of the clinical pathway for sepsis will most likely not drive costs. An important aspect of the clinical pathway is implementing continuous monitoring of performance and process indicators. A national working group is currently building up such a system for monitoring, focusing on extraction of this information from the electronic health records systems. A national patient-centred clinical pathway for sepsis has been developed and is currently being implemented in Swedish healthcare. We believe that the clinical pathway and the accompanying monitoring will provide a more efficient and equal sepsis care and improved possibilities to monitor and further develop sepsis care in Sweden.
Aspects of Trope in the Earliest Motets for the Assumption of the Virgin
Creators: name: Baltzer, Rebecca A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1990
Subjects: Music

description: The feast of the Assumption of the Virgin, observed annually on 15 August, was the most important saint's feast in the liturgical calendar of Notre Dame of Paris in the Middle Ages. In the thirteenth century, this occasion had a level of ceremonial and ritual splendor equaled only on Christmas, Easter, and Pentecost, for only these four feasts were given the highest liturgical rank, that of annuum festum or festum annuale, as it was variously termed in liturgical calendars at Notre Dame. Perhaps the most noteworthy finding of this study is that the earliest motets as tropes do not function in quite the same way as tropes themselves. We are familiar with tropes that make what is implicit in the thing troped more explicit in the trope itself, but these "tropic" motets do not work that way. Instead, they are like good children: they take their cue from their parents and do as the parent chants do. If the chant is unequivocally proper to the feast at hand, as in the case of the Alleluias, so are the offspring motets; if the chant manifests a more general theme, so do the motets. In the case of motets for the Virgin, the most striking feature is the pervasiveness of the idea of Mary as the Mother of Godthe Marian aspect of the Incarnation-whatever the specific feast may be.
Collision Dynamics of Particle Clusters in a Two-dimensional Granular Gas
Creators: name: Burton, Justin C.
name: Lu, Peter Y.
name: Nagel, Sidney R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a granular gas, inelastic collisions produce an instability in which the constituent particles cluster heterogeneously. These clusters then interact with each other, further decreasing their kinetic energy. We report experiments of the free collisions of dense clusters of particles in a two-dimensional geometry. The particles are composed of solid CO$_{2}$, which float nearly frictionlessly on a hot surface due to sublimated vapor. After two dense clusters of $\approx$ 100 particles collide, there are two distinct stages of evolution. First, the translational kinetic energy rapidly decreases by over 90% as a "jamming front" sweeps across each cluster. Subsequently, the kinetic energy decreases more slowly as the particles approach the container boundaries. In this regime, the measured velocity distributions are non-Gaussian with long tails. Finally, we compare our experiments to computer simulations of colliding, two-dimensional, granular clusters composed of circular, viscoelastic particles with friction.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Microkelvin thermometry with Bose-Einstein condensates of magnons and applications to studies of the AB interface in superfluid $^3$He
Creators: name: Heikkinen, P. J.
name: Autti, S.
name: Eltsov, V. B.
name: Haley, R. P.
name: Zavjalov, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coherent precession of trapped Bose-Einstein condensates of magnons is a sensitive probe for magnetic relaxation processes in superfluid 3He-B down to the lowest achievable temperatures. We use the dependence of the relaxation rate on the density of thermal quasiparticles to implement thermometry in 3He-B at temperatures below 300 $μ$K. Unlike popular vibrating wire or quartz tuning fork based thermometers, magnon condensates allow for contactless temperature measurement and make possible an independent in situ determination of the residual zero-temperature relaxation provided by the radiation damping. We use this magnon-condensate-based thermometry to study the thermal impedance of the interface between A and B phases of superfluid 3He. The magnon condensate is also a sensitive probe of the orbital order-parameter texture. This has allowed us to observe for the first time the non-thermal signature of the annihilation of two AB interfaces.
description: 26 pages, 7 figures, manuscript prepared for EU Microkelvin Collaboration Workshop 2013. Accepted for publication in Journal of Low Temperature Physics
Subtiliter alternare: The Yoxford Motet o amicus / Precursaris
Creators: name: Bent, Margaret
name: Howlett, David
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1990
Subjects: Music

description: The L'Oiseau-Lyre series largely excludes incomplete pieces; the number of complete motets, especially from the late fourteenth century, is still very small. Any addition to their number deserves comment; license for the extent of the present essay must lie in the cleverness with which its subject has been fashioned. o amicus / Precursoris qualifies as a motet by even the most rigorous of French standards, with its duply proportioned tenor diminution, two different texts, and chant tenor. In addition, it undertakes many further subtleties, including an early, or even the earliest, combination of canon with isorhythm, canon on a plainsong, canon at the fifth, and mensuration canon. It occupies the center of a bifolium that now serves as the first pair of flyleaves to a manuscript Extent of the manor of Yoxford, Suffolk, dated 11 Edward IV (1471-72).
Myocardial citrullination in rheumatoid arthritis: a correlative histopathologic study
Creators: name: Halushka, Mark C.
name: Bathon, Joan M.
name: Van Eyk, Jennifer
name: Rosen, Antony
name: Pappas, Dimitrios
name: Fox-Talbot, Karen
name: Andrade, Felipe
name: Fert-Bober, Justyna
name: Park, Jin Kyun
name: Bingham, Clifton O.
name: Giles, Jon T.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Medicine
Histology, Pathological
Rheumatoid arthritis
Myocardial infarction--Prevention

description: The aim of this study was to explore the presence and localization of myocardial citrullination in samples from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients compared to rheumatic and non-rheumatic disease control groups. Archived myocardial samples obtained during autopsy from 1995 to 2009 were assembled into four groups: RA; scleroderma; fatal myocarditis; and non-rheumatic disease controls. Samples were examined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) for the presence and localization of citrullination and peptidyl arginine deiminase enzymes (PADs) by a single cardiovascular pathologist blinded to disease group and clinical characteristics. Myocardial samples from seventeen RA patients were compared with those from fourteen controls, five fatal myocarditis patients, and ten scleroderma patients. Strong citrullination staining was detected exclusively in the myocardial interstitium in each of the groups. However, average and peak anti-citrulline staining was 59% and 44% higher, respectively, for the RA group compared to the combined non-RA groups (P < 0.05 for both comparisons). Myocardial fibrosis did not differ between the groups. In contrast to citrullination, PADs 1 to 3 and 6 were detected in cardiomyocytes (primarily PADs 1 and 3), resident inflammatory cells (primarily PADs 2 and 4), and, to a smaller extent, in endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells. PAD staining did not co-localize with anti-citrulline staining in the interstitium and did not vary by disease state. Staining for citrullination was higher in the myocardial interstitium of RA compared to other disease states, a finding that could link autoimmunity to the known increase in myocardial dysfunction and heart failure in RA.
Catch-up antibody responses and hybrid immunity in mRNA vaccinated patients at risk of severe COVID-19
Creators: name: Al-Dury, Samer
name: Waldenström, Jesper
name: Ringlander, Johan
name: Einarsdottir, Sigrun
name: Andersson, Markus
name: Saed, Hevar Hamah
name: Waern, Johan
name: Martner, Anna
name: Hellstrand, Kristoffer
name: Lagging, Martin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: The immunogenicity of repeated vaccination and hybrid immunity in vulnerable patients remains unclear. We studied the impact of iterative Covid-19 mRNA vaccination and hybrid immunity on antibody levels in immunosuppressed subjects. Patients with liver cirrhosis (n = 38), survivors of allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) (n = 36) and patients with autoimmune liver disease (n = 14) along with healthy controls (n = 20) were monitored for SARS-CoV-2-S1 IgG after their 1st–3rd vaccine doses, 31 of whom became infected with the Omicron variant after the 2nd dose. Ten uninfected allo-HSCT recipients received an additional 4th vaccine dose. Unexpectedly, immunosuppressed patients achieved antibody levels in parity with controls after the 3rd vaccine dose. In all study cohorts, hybrid immunity (effect of vaccination and natural infection) resulted in approximately 10-fold higher antibody levels than vaccine-induced immunity alone. Three doses of the Covid-19 mRNA vaccine entailed high antibody concentrations even in immunocompromised individuals, and hybrid-immunity resulted further augmented levels than vaccination alone. Clinical trial registration: EudraCT 2021-000349-42
Free motion around black holes with discs or rings: between integrability and chaos - III
Creators: name: Suková, P.
name: Semerák, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We continue the study of time-like geodesic dynamics in exact static, axially and reflection symmetric space-times describing the fields of a Schwarzschild black hole surrounded by thin discs or rings. In the first paper of this series, the rise (and decline) of geodesic chaos with ring/disc mass and position and with test particle energy was revealed on Poincaré sections and on time series of position or velocity and their power spectra. In the second paper we compared these results with those obtained by two recurrence methods, focusing on "sticky" orbits whose different parts show different degrees of chaoticity. Here we complement the analysis by using several Lyapunov-type coefficients which quantify the rate of orbital divergence. After comparing the results with those obtained by the previous methods, we specifically consider a system involving a black hole surrounded by a small thin disc or a large ring, having in mind the configuration which probably occurs in galactic nuclei. Within the range of parameters which roughly corresponds to our Galactic center, we found that the black-hole accretion disc does not have a significant gravitational effect on the dynamics of free motion at larger radii, while the inner circumnuclear molecular ring (concentrated above 1 parsec radius) can only induce some irregularity in motion of stars ("particles") on smaller radii if its mass reaches 10 to 30% of the central black hole (which is the upper estimate given in the literature), if it is sufficiently compact (which does not hold but maybe for its inner rim) and if the stars can get to its close vicinity. The outer dust ring between 60 and 100 parsecs appears to be less important for the geodesic dynamics in its interior.
description: 19 pages, 10 figures; accepted in MNRAS
Competitive Equilibrium in Markets for Votes
Creators: name: Casella, Alessandra M.
name: Llorente-Saguer, Aniol
name: Palfrey, Thomas R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: We develop a competitive equilibrium theory of a market for votes. Before
voting on a binary issue, individuals may buy and sell their votes
with each other. We define the concept of ex ante vote-trading equilibrium
and show by construction that an equilibrium exists. The equilibrium
we characterize always results in dictatorship if there is any trade,
and the market for votes generates welfare losses, relative to simple majority
voting, if the committee is large enough or the distribution of values
is not very skewed. We test the theoretical implications in the laboratory
using a continuous open-book multiunit double auction.
Optimal scales in weighted networks
Creators: name: Garlaschelli, Diego
name: Ahnert, Sebastian E.
name: Fink, Thomas M. A.
name: Caldarelli, Guido
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The analysis of networks characterized by links with heterogeneous intensity or weight suffers from two long-standing problems of arbitrariness. On one hand, the definitions of topological properties introduced for binary graphs can be generalized in non-unique ways to weighted networks. On the other hand, even when a definition is given, there is no natural choice of the (optimal) scale of link intensities (e.g. the money unit in economic networks). Here we show that these two seemingly independent problems can be regarded as intimately related, and propose a common solution to both. Using a formalism that we recently proposed in order to map a weighted network to an ensemble of binary graphs, we introduce an information-theoretic approach leading to the least biased generalization of binary properties to weighted networks, and at the same time fixing the optimal scale of link intensities. We illustrate our method on various social and economic networks.
description: Accepted for presentation at SocInfo 2013, Kyoto, 25-27 November 2013 (http://www.socinfo2013.org)
title: Emotion Detection Using an Ensemble Model Trained with Physiological Signals and Inferred Arousal-Valence States
Creators: name: Gray, Matthew Nathanael
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 2022

description:
Affective computing is an exciting and transformative field that is gaining in popularity among psychologists, statisticians, and computer scientists. The ability of a machine to infer human emotion and mood, i.e. affective states, has the potential to greatly improve human-machine interaction in our increasingly digital world. In this work, an ensemble model methodology for detecting human emotions across multiple subjects is outlined. The Continuously Annotated Signals of Emotion (CASE) dataset, which is a dataset of physiological signals labeled with discrete emotions from video stimuli as well as subject-reported continuous emotions, arousal and valence, from the circumplex model, is used for training and testing the model [1, 2]. Blood volume pulse (BVP), galvanic skin response (GSR), and skin temperature physiological signals are windowed and used to extract 17 physiological features (13 BVP, 2 GSR, and 2 skin temperature features). These physiological features are then used along with subject reported arousal and valence state values as inputs into regression models to create predicted arousal and valence values for each feature window. The predicted or “inferred” arousal and valence state values were then concatenated to the original 17 physiological features and used as inputs to a classification model for the final classification of emotion state into five categories, including relaxed, bored, neutral, amused, and scared. Multiple regression and classification models were tested, and the best performing model was a linear regression arousal and valence predictor followed by a hyperparameter-tuned support vector machine (SVM) classifier, achieving a five-fold cross-validation accuracy of 98.79% ± 0.29% for the five-class emotion classification across subjects. Finally, an impactful real-world application in an emotional feedback household environment for enabling independent living in differently-abled people is discussed.
Determinants of perceived quality of obstetric care in rural Tanzania: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Larson, Elysia
name: Hermosilla, Sabrina
name: Kimweri, Angela
name: Mbaruku, Godfrey
name: Kruk, Margaret
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Medical sciences

description: Patients’ reported opinions of the health system need to be understood in order to provide patient-centered care. We investigated determinants of women’s ratings of the quality of care during their most recent facility delivery. We conducted a census of all deliveries in the 6 weeks to 12 months preceding the survey, in villages served by 24 primary care clinics in rural Pwani Region, Tanzania. Women who had delivered children in a study facility were included in this analysis (n = 855). We interviewed women about demographic and obstetric factors and the quality of their obstetric care using a structured questionnaire. We created a composite index of perceived quality from six quality questions. We also assessed the functioning of the local health clinic using structured surveys. We used a multi-level model to analyze factors associated with women’s rating of the quality of care during delivery. 14% of respondents rated the overall quality of care received during delivery as excellent. Women who listened to the radio daily reported lower quality composite scores (β: -0.99, p
Discovery of the recombining plasma in the south of the Galactic center; a relic of the past Galactic center activity?
Creators: name: Nakashima, S.
name: Nobukawa, M.
name: Uchida, H.
name: Tanaka, T.
name: Tsuru, T. G.
name: Koyama, K.
name: Murakami, H.
name: Uchiyama, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report Suzaku results for soft X-ray emission to the south of the Galactic center (GC). The emission (hereafter "GC South") has an angular size of ~42' x 16' centered at (l, b) ~ (0.0, -1.4), and is located in the largely extended Galactic ridge X-ray emission (GRXE). The X-ray spectrum of GC South exhibits emission lines from highly ionized atoms. Although the X-ray spectrum of the GRXE can be well fitted with a plasma in collisional ionization equilibrium (CIE), that of GC South cannot be fitted with a plasma in CIE, leaving hump-like residuals at ~2.5 and 3.5 keV, which are attributable to the radiative recombination continua of the K-shells of Si and S, respectively. In fact, GC South spectrum is well fitted with a recombination-dominant plasma model; the electron temperature is 0.46 keV while atoms are highly ionized (kT = 1.6 keV) in the initial epoch, and the plasma is now in a recombining phase at a relaxation scale (plasma density x elapsed time) of 5.3 x 10^11 s cm^-3. The absorption column density of GC South is consistent with that toward the GC region. Thus GC South is likely to be located in the GC region (~8 kpc distance). The size of the plasma, the mean density, and the thermal energy are estimated to be 97 pc x 37 pc, 0.16 cm^-3, and 1.6 x 10^51 erg, respectively. We discuss possible origins of the recombination-dominant plasma as a relic of past activity in the GC region.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures, published by ApJ
title: Cosmographiae Introdvctio Cvm Qvibvsdam Geometriae Ac Astronomiae Principiis Ad Eam Rem Necessariis; 1507
title: Vniuersalis Cosmographiæ descriptio tam in solido q[uam] plano, eis etiam insertis quæ Ptholom[a]eo ignota a nuperis reperta sunt
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Waldseemüller, Martin
name: Ringmann, Matthias
name: Vespucci, Amerigo
name: Vespucci, Amerigo
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2009

description: Angebl. Verf. (vgl. Laubenberger): Martin Ringmann. - Kolophon: Vrbs Deodate tuo clarescens nomine præsul Qua Vogesi montis sunt iuga pressit opus ... Finitu[m]. iiij. kl. Septe[m]bris Anno supra sesquimillesimu[m]. vij. - Verlagssignet mit den Initialien "S.D."=St. Dié, "G.L."=Gualter Lud, "N.L."=Nicolas Lud, "M.I."=Martinus Ilacomilus [= Martin Waldseemüller]
Bose-Einstein condensation of light in a cavity
Creators: name: Kruchkov, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper considers Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) of light in a cavity with medium. In the framework of two-level model we show the effect of gaseous medium on the critical temperature of light condensation in the system. Transition of the system to the state with released light condensate is illustrated in consequent stages. Analytical expressions for a typical spatial extent of the condensed cloud of photons, as well for spectral characteristics of the condensate peak are derived. Energy and heat capacity of photons as functions of temperature are obtained. Finally, we demonstrate that the energy of light can be accumulated in the BEC state.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Narrative Reconstruction of Identity Disturbance and features of Borderline Personality Disorder among adolescents.
Creators: name: John, Shirley
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Adolescence/Emerging Adults
subject: Borderline personality Organization
subject: Features of Borderline Personality Disorder
subject: Identity Disturbance
subject: Life Story Interview
subject: Narrative Identity
subject: Narrative Reconstruction

description: This research study focuses on identifying whether personal narratives are effective in constructing narrative identity and reconstructing identity disturbance in adolescence and is there any association of identity disturbance seen in adolescence with features of BPD, it also tries to identify the borderline personality organization of individuals showing identity disturbance and the Gender differences in Identity disturbance, features of Borderline Personality Disorder and the Borderline Personality Organization of an individual.
Non-emphysematous chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is associated with diabetes mellitus
Creators: name: Hersh, Craig
name: Make, Barry
name: Lynch, David
name: Barr, R. Graham
name: Bowler, Russell
name: Calverley, Peter
name: Castaldi, Peter
name: Cho, Michael
name: Coxson, Harvey
name: DeMeo, Dawn
name: Foreman, Marilyn
name: Han, MeiLan
name: Harshfield, Benjamin
name: Hokanson, John
name: Lutz, Sharon
name: Ramsdell, Joe
name: Regan, Elizabeth
name: Rennard, Stephen
name: Schroeder, Joyce
name: Sciurba, Frank
name: Steiner, Robert
name: Tal-Singer, Ruth
name: Van Beek, Edwin
name: Silverman, Edwin
name: Crapo, James
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Medicine

description: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been classically divided into blue bloaters and pink puffers. The utility of these clinical subtypes is unclear. However, the broader distinction between airway-predominant and emphysema-predominant COPD may be clinically relevant. The objective was to define clinical features of emphysema-predominant and non-emphysematous COPD patients. Current and former smokers from the Genetic Epidemiology of COPD Study (COPDGene) had chest computed tomography (CT) scans with quantitative image analysis. Emphysema-predominant COPD was defined by low attenuation area at -950 Hounsfield Units (LAA-950) ≥10%. Non-emphysematous COPD was defined by airflow obstruction with minimal to no emphysema (LAA-950
Mapping populations at risk: improving spatial demographic data for infectious disease modeling and metric derivation
Creators: name: Nelson, Andrew
name: Noor, Abdisalan M.
name: Pindolia, Deepa
name: Yetman, Gregory G.
name: Balk, Deborah
name: Montgomery, Mark R.
name: Fink, Gunter
name: Linard, Catherine
name: John, Mendelsohn
name: Montana, Livia
name: Tatem, Andrew
name: Adamo, Susana Beatriz
name: Bharti, Nita
name: Burgert, Clara R.
name: Castro, Marcia
name: Dorelien, Audrey
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Epidemiology
Public health

description: The use of Global Positioning Systems (GPS) and Geographical Information Systems (GIS) in disease surveys and reporting is becoming increasingly routine, enabling a better understanding of spatial epidemiology and the improvement of surveillance and control strategies. In turn, the greater availability of spatially referenced epidemiological data is driving the rapid expansion of disease mapping and spatial modeling methods, which are becoming increasingly detailed and sophisticated, with rigorous handling of uncertainties. This expansion has, however, not been matched by advancements in the development of spatial datasets of human population distribution that accompany disease maps or spatial models.

Where risks are heterogeneous across population groups or space or dependent on transmission between individuals, spatial data on human population distributions and demographic structures are required to estimate infectious disease risks, burdens, and dynamics. The disease impact in terms of morbidity, mortality, and speed of spread varies substantially with demographic profiles, so that identifying the most exposed or affected populations becomes a key aspect of planning and targeting interventions. Subnational breakdowns of population counts by age and sex are routinely collected during national censuses and maintained in finer detail within microcensus data. Moreover, demographic and health surveys continue to collect representative and contemporary samples from clusters of communities in low-income countries where census data may be less detailed and not collected regularly. Together, these freely available datasets form a rich resource for quantifying and understanding the spatial variations in the sizes and distributions of those most at risk of disease in low income regions, yet at present, they remain unconnected data scattered across national statistical offices and websites.

In this paper we discuss the deficiencies of existing spatial population datasets and their limitations on epidemiological analyses. We review sources of detailed, contemporary, freely available and relevant spatial demographic data focusing on low income regions where such data are often sparse and highlight the value of incorporating these through a set of examples of their application in disease studies. Moreover, the importance of acknowledging, measuring, and accounting for uncertainty in spatial demographic datasets is outlined. Finally, a strategy for building an open-access database of spatial demographic data that is tailored to epidemiological applications is put forward.
The Status of Spectroscopic Data for the Exoplanet Characterisation Missions
Creators: name: Tennyson, Jonathan
name: Yurchenko, Sergei N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The status of laboratory spectroscopic data for exoplanet characterisation missions such as EChO is reviewed. For many molecules (eg H2O, CO, CO2, H3+, O2, O3) the data are already available. For the other species work is actively in progress constructing this data. Much of the is work is being undertaken by ExoMol project (www.exomol.com). This information will be used to construct and EChO-specific spectroscopic database.
description: Experimental Astronomy, accepted
Managing physical assets: a systematic review and a sustainable perspective
Creators: name: Sandu, Georgiana
name: Varganova, Olga
name: Samii, Behzad
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Contemporary organisations recognise the need for Anthropocene disruptions and transform their business models, restructure their operations, and re-engineer their supply chains to attain greater sustainable objectives and a strong ESG (environmental-social-governance) proposition. Indeed, physical asset management shifted from the negative image associated with asset failure, expensive maintenance, and decommissioning to an enabler of sustainability that allows us to create and capture value from extended lifetime, renewed functions, and increased awareness. In this direction, this study follows a systematic reviewing process enabled by text analytics methods to identify the means and approaches to build a sustainable perspective for physical asset management. Our key contributions and insights are supported by statistics and key features extracted from over 2800 journal articles. We particularly emphasise the research footprint, the evolution, and research trends of the two most asset-intensive sectors (i.e. construction and energy) represented as barriers and enablers of sustainable development. Lacking a unified perspective of the field, this study proposes a conceptual framework that adopts an asset-within-a-system perspective, recognises the links between the stakeholders and holistically integrates the extracted research trends. The knowledge provided here positions physical asset management as a key resource in achieving competitive advantage in the framework of sustainable development.
Household Food Security in the United States in 2021
Creators: name: Coleman-Jensen, Alisha
name: Rabbitt, Matthew P
name: Greogory, Christian A
name: Singh, Anita
name: Coleman-Jensen, Alisha
name: Rabbitt, Matthew P
name: Greogory, Christian A
name: Singh, Anita
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: food spending
subject: food pantry

description: Most U.S. households have consistent, dependable access to enough food for active, healthy living—they are food secure. However, some households experience food insecurity at times during the year, meaning their access to adequate food is limited by a lack of money and other resources. USDA’s food and nutrition assistance programs aim to increase food security by providing low-income households access to food for a healthful diet, as well as nutrition education. USDA monitors the extent and severity of food insecurity in U.S. households through an annual, nationally representative survey sponsored and analyzed by USDA’s Economic Research Service (ERS). This report presents statistics from the survey that cover household food security, food expenditures, and use of Federal nutrition assistance programs in 2021.
Lepton Flavor Violating $τ$ Decays in TeV Scale Type I See-Saw and Higgs Triplet Models
Creators: name: Dinh, D. N.
name: Petcov, S. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The lepton flavour violating (LFV) $τ$ decays $τ\to (e,μ)γ$ and $τ\to 3μ$ are investigated in the frameworks of the TeV scale type I see-saw and Higgs Triplet (or type II see-saw) models. Predictions for the rates of these processes are obtained. The implications of the existing stringent experimental upper bounds on the $μ\to e + γ$ and $μ\to 3e$ decay branching ratios for the predictions of the $τ\to (e,μ)γ$ and $τ\to 3μ$ decay rates are studied in detail. The possibilities to observe the indicated LFV $τ$ decays in present and future experiments are analysed.
description: 22 pages, Latex, 3 figures (to be published in JHEP)
[Sammelhandschrift: Chronicorum Canones, Chronica Gallica, Annales Weissenburgenses, Chronicon Laurissense breve, Nomina regum Francorum]; 1000-1099
Creators: name: Eusebius Caesariensis
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2011

description: Entstehungsort: Lotharingien und Weißenburg im Elsass. - Entstehungszeit: 11. Jahrhundert
A search for pulsations in the HgMn star HD 45975 with CoRoT photometry and ground-based spectroscopy
Creators: name: Morel, T.
name: Briquet, M.
name: Auvergne, M.
name: Alecian, G.
name: Ghazaryan, S.
name: Niemczura, E.
name: Fossati, L.
name: Lehmann, H.
name: Hubrig, S.
name: Ulusoy, C.
name: Damerdji, Y.
name: Rainer, M.
name: Poretti, E.
name: Borsa, F.
name: Scardia, M.
name: Schmid, V. S.
name: Van Winckel, H.
name: De Smedt, K.
name: Papics, P. I.
name: Gameiro, J. F.
name: Waelkens, C.
name: Fagas, M.
name: Kaminski, K.
name: Dimitrov, W.
name: Baglin, A.
name: Michel, E.
name: Dumortier, L.
name: Fremat, Y.
name: Hensberge, H.
name: Jorissen, A.
name: Van Eck, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of pulsations in HgMn stars is still being debated. To provide the first unambiguous observational detection of pulsations in this class of chemically peculiar objects, the bright star HD 45975 was monitored for nearly two months by the CoRoT satellite. Independent analyses of the light curve provides evidence of monoperiodic variations with a frequency of 0.7572 c/d and a peak-to-peak amplitude of ~2800 ppm. Multisite, ground-based spectroscopic observations overlapping the CoRoT observations show the star to be a long-period, single-lined binary. Furthermore, with the notable exception of mercury, they reveal the same periodicity as in photometry in the line moments of chemical species exhibiting strong overabundances (e.g., Mn and Y). In contrast, lines of other elements do not show significant variations. As found in other HgMn stars, the pattern of variability consists in an absorption bump moving redwards across the line profiles. We argue that the photometric and spectroscopic changes are more consistent with an interpretation in terms of rotational modulation of spots at the stellar surface. In this framework, the existence of pulsations producing photometric variations above the ~50 ppm level is unlikely in HD 45975. This provides strong constraints on the excitation/damping of pulsation modes in this HgMn star.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A, 14 pages, 15 colour figures (revised version after language editing)
China's Import Potential for Beef, Corn, Pork, and Wheat
Creators: name: Beckman, Jayson
name: Gale, Fred
name: Morgan, Stephen
name: Sabala, Ethan
name: Ufer, Danielle
name: Valcu-Lisman, Adriana
name: Zeng, Wendy
name: Arita, Shawn
name: Beckman, Jayson
name: Gale, Fred
name: Morgan, Stephen
name: Sabala, Ethan
name: Ufer, Danielle
name: Valcu-Lisman, Adriana
name: Zeng, Wendy
name: Arita, Shawn
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: non-tariff measures
subject: beef

description: China is one of the top importers of agricultural products, but it has nontariff measures that prevent its imports from growing even larger. Economic theory suggests that a country would import products when foreign prices are lower than domestic prices, decreasing domestic prices and narrowing the “wedge” between domestic and international prices. In this report, the authors examine China’s import market potential using a price wedge approach—the difference between domestic and imported prices—for commodities that are imported by China. The report estimates the impact of removing these barriers for the four highest wedges using a global economic model. Domestic prices in China exceeded foreign prices (using the United States as an example) by large margins for the four commodities we considered, as follows: beef (58 percent), corn (64 percent), pork (213 percent), and wheat (42 percent). Estimates reveal that removing these price wedges could lead to more imports into China. Benefits would be widespread, increasing sales for producers in the United States and other exporting countries and yielding lower food prices for China’s consumers.