cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Sampling, Filtering and Sparse Approximations on Combinatorial Graphs
Creators: name: Pesenson, Isaac Z.
name: Pesenson, Meyer Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we address sampling and approximation of functions on combinatorial graphs. We develop filtering on graphs by using Schrödinger's group of operators generated by combinatorial Laplace operator. Then we construct a sampling theory by proving Poincare and Plancherel-Polya-type inequalities for functions on graphs. These results lead to a theory of sparse approximations on graphs and have potential applications to filtering, denoising, data dimension reduction, image processing, image compression, computer graphics, visualization and learning theory.
Ontology Based Semantic Knowledge Discovery for Movement Behaviors
Creators: name: Mousavi, Ali
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2016
Subjects: Geography
Oncology
Artificial Intelligence
Psychology--Behavioral

description: The vast collection of movement data through various mobile devices generates a significant and precious amount of information that can provide valuable insight into movement behaviors in various applications. Researchers from different communities have developed models and techniques for mobility analysis, but they mainly are focused on the geometric properties of trajectories. As such, the techniques are good at discovering patterns, but the patterns are difficult to interpret in a particular application domain. This thesis proposes an ontology based semantic knowledge discovery framework to understand mobility data and semantically interpret trajectory patterns. It consists of three main parts, namely: semantic trajectory ontology modelling, activity recognition, and semantic behavior modelling. First, a semantic conceptual data model is defined, which helps in developing an ontology model. The activity recognition part consists of several steps, namely: data preparation, semantic enrichment process, and semantic features extraction. Activity types were defined as axioms based on the semantic features. The retrieved information from the previous steps are used to populate the ontology model for classifying different activity types by reasoning. Next, the association rule mining algorithm, apriori, is applied to extract different behavior patterns. The process considers four different behavior types, namely: semantic, semantic and space, semantic and time, and semantic and space-time. A system prototype was developed to evaluate the performance of the framework using a simulated dataset and two different real datasets. For evaluating the activity recognition model, the inferred activity types were compared to the activity types declared by users in the feedback. For evaluating the ontology based behavior model, one of the location based services named location based advertisement was considered to test different aspects of the extracted behavior models. In the activity recognition model, it was observed that the accuracy of the results was related to the availability of the points of interest around the places that users had stopped at some parts. In the semantic behavior modelling, the results showed that applying the extracted behavior rulesets could filter relevant services for the users from the number of available services and customize the services based on the rulesets.
Dissipative protection of a GKP qubit in a high-impedance superconducting circuit driven by a microwave frequency comb
Creators: name: Sellem, Lev-Arcady
name: Sarlette, Alain
name: Leghtas, Zaki
name: Mirrahimi, Mazyar
name: Rouchon, Pierre
name: Campagne-Ibarcq, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose a novel approach to generate, protect and control GKP qubits. It employs a microwave frequency comb parametrically modulating a Josephson circuit to enforce a dissipative dynamics of a high impedance circuit mode, autonomously stabilizing the finite-energy GKP code. The encoded GKP qubit is robustly protected against all dominant decoherence channels plaguing superconducting circuits but quasi-particle poisoning. In particular, noise from ancillary modes leveraged for dissipation engineering does not propagate at the logical level. In a state-of-the-art experimental setup, we estimate that the encoded qubit lifetime could extend two orders of magnitude beyond the break-even point, with substantial margin for improvement through progress in fabrication and control electronics. Qubit initialization, readout and control via Clifford gates can be performed while maintaining the code stabilization, paving the way toward the assembly of GKP qubits in a fault-tolerant quantum computing architecture.
description: 59 pages, 20 figures, 1 table. v3: Updated title matching published version
Electric dipole moment enhancement factor of thallium
Creators: name: Porsev, S. G.
name: Safronova, M. S.
name: Kozlov, M. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The goal of this work is to resolve the present controversy in the value of the EDM enhancement factor of Tl. We have carried out several calculations by different high-precision methods, studied previously omitted corrections, as well as tested our methodology on other parity conserving quantities. We find the EDM enhancement factor of Tl to be equal to -573(20). This value is 20% larger than the recently published result of Nataraj et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 200403 (2011)], but agrees very well with several earlier results.
description: 5 pages; v2: link to supplemental material added
3-D radiative transfer in clumped hot star winds I. Influence of clumping on the resonance line formation
Creators: name: Šurlan, Brankica
name: Hamann, Wolf-Rainer
name: Kubát, Jiří
name: Oskinova, Lidia M.
name: Feldmeier, Achim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The true mass-loss rates from massive stars are important for many branches of astrophysics. For the correct modeling of the resonance lines, which are among the key diagnostics of stellar mass-loss, the stellar wind clumping turned out to be very important. In order to incorporate clumping into radiative transfer calculation, 3-D models are required. Various properties of the clumps may have strong impact on the resonance line formation and, therefore, on the determination of empirical mass-loss rates. We incorporate the 3-D nature of the stellar wind clumping into radiative transfer calculations and investigate how different model parameters influence the resonance line formation. We develop a full 3-D Monte Carlo radiative transfer code for inhomogeneous expanding stellar winds. The number density of clumps follows the mass conservation. For the first time, realistic 3-D models that describe the dense as well as the tenuous wind components are used to model the formation of resonance lines in a clumped stellar wind. At the same time, non-monotonic velocity fields are accounted for. The 3-D density and velocity wind inhomogeneities show very strong impact on the resonance line formation. The different parameters describing the clumping and the velocity field results in different line strengths and profiles. We present a set of representative models for various sets of model parameters and investigate how the resonance lines are affected. Our 3-D models show that the line opacity is reduced for larger clump separation and for more shallow velocity gradients within the clumps. Our new model demonstrates that to obtain empirically correct mass-loss rates from the UV resonance lines, the wind clumping and its 3-D nature must be taken into account.
description: Astronomy and Astrophysics, accepted for publication
Multi-temporal Remote Sensing of Rangeland Vegetation for Investigation of Fire-related Ecology at Canadian Forces Base Suffield, Alberta
Creators: name: Smith, Brent
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Range Management
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Remote Sensing
subject: fire ecology
subject: plant functional type classification
subject: northern dry mixedgrass prairie

description: Canadian Forces Base (CFB) Suffield, located in southeastern Alberta, faces pressure from a variety of competing land uses and requires geospatial tools to quantify and manage the effect of human activities (particularly military training-related fire) on ecosystem functions. I used multi-temporal remote-sensing techniques to model plant functional types (PFT; C3 vs. C4 grasses), as an indicator of ecosystem state. The best-performing model (overall accuracy = 74 %, weighted kappa = 0.53) was compared against a spatial fire-history database digitized from the Landsat archive (1972 to 2007). Probit regression results revealed statistically significant relationships between PFT-derived ecosystem states and fire history (P < .001), but succession processes were different between ecological units. In general, this ecosystem is sensitive to repeated fire, with recovery taking decades. This research provides novel contributions to ecological knowledge in northern mixedgrass prairie, and outlines specific management actions required to maintain ecologically sustainable fire frequency.
Response to polarization and weak topology in Chern insulators
Creators: name: Vaidya, Sachin
name: Rechtsman, Mikael C.
name: Benalcazar, Wladimir A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chern insulators present a topological obstruction to a smooth gauge in their Bloch wave functions that prevents the construction of exponentially-localized Wannier functions - this makes the electric polarization ill-defined. Here, we show that spatial or temporal differences in polarization within Chern insulators are well-defined and physically meaningful because they account for bound charges and adiabatic currents. We further show that the difference in polarization across Chern-insulator regions can be quantized in the presence of crystalline symmetries, leading to "weak" symmetry-protected topological phases. These phases exhibit charge fractional quantization at the edge and corner interfaces and with concomitant topological states. We also generalize our findings to quantum spin-Hall insulators and 3D topological insulators. Our work settles a long-standing question and deems the bulk polarization as the fundamental quantity with a "bulk-boundary correspondence", regardless of whether a Wannier representation is possible.
Spin polarization and g-factor enhancement in graphene nanoribbons in magnetic field
Creators: name: Ihnatsenka, S.
name: Zozoulenko, I. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a systematic quantitative description of spin polarization in armchair and zigzag graphene nanoribbons in a perpendicular magnetic field. We first address spinless electrons within the Hartree approximation studying the evolution of the magnetoband structure and formation of the compressible strips. We discuss the potential profile and the density distribution near the edges and the difference and similarities between armchair and zigzag edges. Accounting for the Zeeman interaction and describing the spin effects via the Hubbard term we study the spin-resolved subband structure and relate the spin polarization of the system at hand to the formation of the compressible strips for the case of spinless electrons. At high magnetic field the calculated effective g-factor varies around a value of ~2.25 for armchair nanoribbons and ~3 for zigzag nanoribbons. An important finding is that in zigzag nanoribbons the zero-energy mode remains pinned to the Fermi-energy and becomes fully spin-polarized for all magnetic fields, which, in turn, leads to a strong spin polarization of the electron density near the zigzag edge.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Is mass a measure of inertia?
Creators: name: Herrmann, Friedrich
name: Pohlig, Michael
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2023
Subjects: Inertia
relativistic mass
longitudinal mass

description: Mass is usually introduced as a measure of the inertia of a body. But what do we mean by inertia anyway? We introduce a measure of inertia. It turns out that for high, relativistic velocities neither the rest mass nor the relativistic mass fulfills the requirements for a meaningfully defined measure of inertia. But how are we going to talk about inertia in the physics lesson? How can we use students' everyday language and still arrive at a clear conceptualization? We will try to give an answer to these questions.
Supplemental Material for Article "The Construction of High Magnification Homemade Lenses for a Simple Microscope: An Easy “DIY” Tool for Biological and Interdisciplinary Education"
Creators: name: Flores, Daniela P.
name: Marzullo, Timothy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 60602 Animal Physiology - Cell
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplemental Material for Article "The Construction of High Magnification Homemade Lenses for a Simple Microscope: An Easy “DIY” Tool for Biological and Interdisciplinary Education" published in the journal "Advances in Physiology Education"
Reciprocity relations for light wave scattered by a particulate collection
Creators: name: Jiang, Zhenfei
name: Zhu, Zhanghang
name: Wang, Tao
Publisher: name: The Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Poland
Year: 2018
Subjects: light scattering, particulate collection, spectral density, spectral degree of coherence

description: OPTICA APPLICATA; 04/2018; ISSN 1429-7507
Microscale laser shock imprinting of micro-molds with different sizes and shapes
Creators: name: Yang, Haifeng
name: Liu, Kun
name: Liu, Hao
Publisher: name: The Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Poland
Year: 2018
Subjects: laser shock, imprinting, micro-mold, deformation depth, numerical simulation

description: OPTICA APPLICATA; 04/2018; ISSN 1429-7507
Quartz enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy based on an external cavity quantum cascade laser
Creators: name: Xu, Linguang
name: Zhou, Sheng
name: He, Tianbo
name: Li, Jingsong
Publisher: name: The Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Poland
Year: 2018
Subjects: external cavity quantum cascade laser (ECQCL), quartz enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (QEPAS), volatile organic compound (VOC), ethanol

description: OPTICA APPLICATA; 04/2018; ISSN 1429-7507
Ann Neurol Suppl Tables NFL vs NEDA3 11_12_2020.docx
Creators: name: Uher, Tomas
name: Havrdova, Eva
name: Benkert, Pascal
name: Bergsland, Niels
name: Krasensky, Jan
name: Srpova, Barbora
name: Dwyer, Michael G.
name: Tyblova, Michaela
name: Meier, Stephanie
name: Vaneckova, Manuela
name: Horakova, Dana
name: Zivadinov, Robert
name: Leppert, David
name: TOMAS KALINCIK
name: Kuhle, Jens
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Neuroscience

description: Supplementary Table 1. Number of visits, serum samples and MRI data.

Supplementary Table 2. Overview of generalized estimating equations (GEE) models.
Supplementary Table 3. Association between high and low sNfL levels and regional brain volume loss in the previous and next year in patients with EDA-3 status.
Supplementary Table 4. Association between high and low sNfL levels and regional brain volume loss in the previous and next year in patients with NEDA-3 status.
Supplementary Appendix: MRI protocol
Coupling constants of the $S_{11}$ resonances to pseudoscalar mesons and octet baryons
Creators: name: An, Chunsheng
name: Saghai, Bijan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coupling constants of $S_{11}(1535)$ and $S_{11}(1650)$ resonances to meson-baryon ($πN$, $ηN$, $η^\prime N$, $KY$) are investigated in a chiral quark model, complemented by inclusion of five-quark components in those resonances. The known strong decay partial widths of both resonances are well reproduced, provided sizeable strangeness components in the relevant wave functions. %to excellent description for the strong decays of the above two resonances, which %cannot be reproduced very well in the traditional chiral quark model with or without %$SU(6)\otimes O(3)$ breaking. Finally, we find that $S_{11}(1535)$ and $S_{11}(1650)$ %couple strongly to the channels with strangeness.
description: typo corrected
Topological phase transitions in ultra-cold Fermi superfluids: the evolution from BCS to BEC under artificial spin-orbit fields
Creators: name: Seo, Kangjun
name: Han, Li
name: de Melo, C. A. R. Sá
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss topological phase transitions in ultra-cold Fermi superfluids induced by interactions and artificial spin orbit fields. We construct the phase diagram for population imbalanced systems at zero and finite temperatures, and analyze spectroscopic and thermodynamic properties to characterize various phase transitions. For balanced systems, the evolution from BCS to BEC superfluids in the presence of spin-orbit effects is only a crossover as the system remains fully gapped, even though a triplet component of the order parameter emerges. However, for imbalanced populations, spin-orbit fields induce a triplet component in the order parameter that produces nodes in the quasiparticle excitation spectrum leading to bulk topological phase transitions of the Lifshitz type. Additionally a fully gapped phase exists, where a crossover from indirect to direct gap occurs, but a topological transition to a gapped phase possessing Majorana fermions edge states does not occur.
description: With no change in text, the labels in the figures are modified
Delayed optical nonlinearity of thin metal films
Creators: name: Conforti, Matteo
name: Della Valle, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Metals typically have very large nonlinear susceptibilities, whose origin is mainly of thermal character. We model the cubic nonlinearity of thin metal films by means of a delayed response derived \textit{ab initio} from an improved version of the classic two temperature model. We validate our model by comparison with ultrafast pump-probe experiments on gold films.
Evolution of Blister-Type HII Regions in a Magnetized Medium
Creators: name: Gendelev, Leo
name: Krumholz, Mark R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the three-dimensional Athena ionizing radiation-magnetohydrodynamics (IRMHD) code to simulate blister-type HII regions driven by stars on the edge of magnetized gas clouds. We compare these to simulations of spherical HII regions where the star is embedded deep within a cloud, and to non-magnetized simulations of both types, in order to compare their ability to drive turbulence and influence star formation. We find that magnetized blister HII regions can be very efficient at injecting energy into clouds. This is partly a magnetic effect: the magnetic energy added to a cloud by an HII region is comparable to or larger than the kinetic energy, and magnetic fields can also help collimate the ejected gas, increasing its energy yield. As a result of these effects, a blister HII region expanding into a cloud with a magnetic field perpendicular to its edge injects twice as much energy by 5 Myr as a non-magnetized blister HII region driven by a star of the same luminosity. Blister HII regions are also more efficient at injecting kinetic energy than spherical HII regions, due to the recoil provided by escaping gas, but not by as much as predicted by some analytic approximations.
description: 15 pages, 17 figures, 1 table
Entropy Production in Collisionless Systems. II. Arbitrary Phase-Space Occupation Numbers
Creators: name: Barnes, Eric I.
name: Williams, Liliya L. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of two thermodynamic techniques for determining equilibria of self-gravitating systems. One is the Lynden-Bell entropy maximization analysis that introduced violent relaxation. Since we do not use the Stirling approximation which is invalid at small occupation numbers, our systems have finite mass, unlike Lynden-Bell's isothermal spheres. (Instead of Stirling, we utilize a very accurate smooth approximation for $\ln{x!}$.) The second analysis extends entropy production extremization to self-gravitating systems, also without the use of the Stirling approximation. In addition to the Lynden-Bell (LB) statistical family characterized by the exclusion principle in phase-space, and designed to treat collisionless systems, we also apply the two approaches to the Maxwell-Boltzmann (MB) families, which have no exclusion principle and hence represent collisional systems. We implicitly assume that all of the phase-space is equally accessible. We derive entropy production expressions for both families, and give the extremum conditions for entropy production. Surprisingly, our analysis indicates that extremizing entropy production rate results in systems that have maximum entropy, in both LB and MB statistics. In other words, both thermodynamic approaches lead to the same equilibrium structures.
description: accepted for publication in ApJ
Cubature formulas and discrete fourier transform on compact manifolds
Creators: name: Pesenson, Isaac Z.
name: Geller, Daryl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The goal of the paper is to describe essentially optimal cubature formulas on compact Riemannian manifolds which are exact on spaces of band- limited functions.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1002.3841 and arXiv:1104.0632
Ann Neurol Suppl Tables NFL vs NEDA3 11_12_2020.docx
Creators: name: Uher, Tomas
name: Havrdova, Eva
name: Benkert, Pascal
name: Bergsland, Niels
name: Krasensky, Jan
name: Srpova, Barbora
name: Dwyer, Michael G.
name: Tyblova, Michaela
name: Meier, Stephanie
name: Vaneckova, Manuela
name: Horakova, Dana
name: Zivadinov, Robert
name: Leppert, David
name: TOMAS KALINCIK
name: Kuhle, Jens
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Neuroscience

description: Supplementary Table 1. Number of visits, serum samples and MRI data.

Supplementary Table 2. Overview of generalized estimating equations (GEE) models.
Supplementary Table 3. Association between high and low sNfL levels and regional brain volume loss in the previous and next year in patients with EDA-3 status.
Supplementary Table 4. Association between high and low sNfL levels and regional brain volume loss in the previous and next year in patients with NEDA-3 status.
Single-top production at hadron colliders
Creators: name: Motylinski, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the recent theoretical progress in single-top physics at hadron colliders. Apart from single-top production within the Standard Model we treat certain aspects of single-top production in beyond Standard Model scenarios.
description: 7 pages, Submitted to proceedings of TOP2011 - 4th International Workshop on Top Quark Physics, 25-30th September 2011, Sant Feliu de Guixols, Spain
Lionfish invasion in nearshore waters of the Bahamas : an examination of the effects of artificial structures and invader versus native species colonization rates
Creators: name: Smith, Nicola Simone
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Artificial structures can facilitate invasion of non-native marine epibiota by providing unoccupied habitat for colonization. Few studies have examined whether similar effects occur in mobile taxa like reef fishes, despite the widespread occurrence of anthropogenic structure in the world’s coastlines and the critical importance of structured habitat to many fishes. I assessed the distribution and colonization of invasive Indo-Pacific lionfish Pterois volitans/miles in nearshore waters of the Bahamas where artificial structures are prevalent in human-modified seascapes. I hypothesized that artificial structures may promote lionfish range expansion by providing sites for colonization, particularly if lionfish are superior colonizers relative to Atlantic taxa. Using an observational survey, I examined how the type of human modification and habitat may influence invader abundance. I also used a manipulative experiment to determine: (1) if lionfish were faster colonizers than native species, and (2) if local patterns of colonization were consistent at a regional (island-wide) scale. I found that lionfish were evenly distributed between habitats dominated by sand and seagrass meadows, hard bottoms and coral patch reefs. However, nearly 100% of lionfish were associated with artificial structures in sand-seagrass habitat, 25% in hard bottoms, and zero in patch reefs. Lionfish were poor colonizers of experimental reefs relative to Atlantic taxa, although their colonization rate was not different from the most ecologically similar native species in my study (the small-bodied grouper, Epinephelus guttatus). Families, but not species, that were good colonizers at one site tended to arrive quickly at other sites as well, implying some predictability in colonization rate among fish families at an island-wide scale. Artificial structures are a consequence of human coastal development and illegal dumping, but are also often added intentionally to create reef fish habitat. My results suggest that lionfish are capable of invading natural patch reefs in the absence of such structures, but that their presence facilitates colonization of marginal habitats like sand-seagrass and to a lesser extent, hard bottoms. Removing or preventing the dumping of debris may therefore slow the spread of lionfish, but is unlikely to prevent their expansion.
BarKeeper—a versatile web framework to assemble, analyse and manage DNA barcoding data and metadata
Creators: name: Wiechers, Sarah
name: Kösters, Lara Marie
name: Quandt, Dietmar
name: Borsch, Thomas
name: Wicke, Susann
name: Müller, Kai Frank
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: DNA assembly
subject: DNA barcoding
subject: metadata
subject: phylogenetics
subject: reference database
subject: taxonomy
subject: web framework
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: 1. DNA barcoding aids in rapidly identifying specimens in various contexts by comparing short stretches of DNA to a reference database. Barcoding initiatives generate large reference databases of carefully curated high‐quality sequences to maximize identification success. 2. BarKeeper provides a flexible tool for barcoding initiatives and in the context of phylogenetic studies to foster shared work on large datasets of raw sequence and associated metadata. It is free, open‐source and available as a set of Docker containers for easy setup. After setting it up once, all project members can use it independently of their operating system or location. 3. BarKeeper offers features to collect and manage data and metadata about specimens, taxa and DNA sequences from Sanger sequencing and high‐throughput sequencing (HTS) technologies. It provides excellent flexibility by not being restricted to specific markers or taxon groups. Users can view and edit records and associated metadata while the app assists them by trimming and assembling reads. It automatically checks the quality of generated barcodes with a taxonomy‐based tool and offers a wide range of options for data analysis. Extensive search features allow querying the database for specific groups of records and saving the search results in the user's profile or downloading them in various file formats. 4. BarKeeper combines multiple tools to aid barcoding projects in every step, from a reference taxa list to finished barcode sequences, thereby minimizing the number of laborious, potentially error‐prone manual steps and enabling efficient collaborative workflows.
The Effects of School Work Pressure on Depression and Substance Use: A Cross-National Study of School-Aged Children in Canada and Finland
Creators: name: Arguera, Nahum
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Educational Psychology
subject: Education--Health
subject: Social Structure and Development
subject: school work pressure
subject: depressive symptoms
subject: substance usage
subject: adolescents
subject: Canada
subject: Finland
subject: cross-national comparison

description: Studies suggest that adolescents report a variety of academic stressors, which can have detrimental effects on mental health. Using the Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children survey (2005/6 data), this study provides an analysis of the effects of school work pressures on depressive symptomology and substance use in adolescents in Canada and Finland. Using Pearlin’s stress process framework, the study also examines how socio-demographic indicators affect these stress outcomes. Results indicate that regardless of context, school work pressure negatively affects the mental health of students net of all socio-demographic indicators. However, this relationship is stronger in Finland than in Canada. Secondary results show that depressive symptomology is associated with smoking and alcohol consumption in both countries. School work pressure, however, only has an additional effect on the likelihood to drink alcohol among students in Finland. Ultimately, this study demonstrates that the mechanisms through which the stress process model operates differs by national context.
Three-Way Trade-Off in Multi-Objective Learning: Optimization, Generalization and Conflict-Avoidance
Creators: name: Chen, Lisha
name: Fernando, Heshan
name: Ying, Yiming
name: Chen, Tianyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multi-objective learning (MOL) problems often arise in emerging machine learning problems when there are multiple learning criteria, data modalities, or learning tasks. Different from single-objective learning, one of the critical challenges in MOL is the potential conflict among different objectives during the iterative optimization process. Recent works have developed various dynamic weighting algorithms for MOL such as MGDA and its variants, where the central idea is to find an update direction that avoids conflicts among objectives. Albeit its appealing intuition, empirical studies show that dynamic weighting methods may not always outperform static ones. To understand this theory-practical gap, we focus on a new stochastic variant of MGDA - the Multi-objective gradient with Double sampling (MoDo) algorithm, and study the generalization performance of the dynamic weighting-based MoDo and its interplay with optimization through the lens of algorithm stability. Perhaps surprisingly, we find that the key rationale behind MGDA -- updating along conflict-avoidant direction - may hinder dynamic weighting algorithms from achieving the optimal ${\cal O}(1/\sqrt{n})$ population risk, where $n$ is the number of training samples. We further demonstrate the impact of the variability of dynamic weights on the three-way trade-off among optimization, generalization, and conflict avoidance that is unique in MOL. We showcase the generality of our theoretical framework by analyzing other existing stochastic MOL algorithms under the framework. Experiments on various multi-task learning benchmarks are performed to demonstrate the practical applicability. Code is available at https://github.com/heshandevaka/Trade-Off-MOL.
Conductive Nanocomposites of Polystyrene/Polyamide 6/Carbon Nanotube: The role of Polymer/Filler Interaction on Blend Morphology and Electrical Properties Evolution
Creators: name: Ahmadian Hoseini, Amir Hosein
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Engineering--Chemical
subject: Polymer nanocomposite
subject: Carbon Nanotube
subject: Electrical properties
subject: Interfacial interaction
subject: Dispersion state
subject: Selective localization

description: This thesis advances the field of conductive filler/polymer composites (CPCs) by providing insight to this critical question: what is the significance of polymer/filler interaction on morphology and electrical properties of CPCs? Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as conductive filler and two immiscible polymers, i.e. polystyrene (PS) and polyamide 6 (PA6), as matrix were melt blended with different compositions. The generated blends were investigated morphologically via light transmission, scanning electron, and transmission electron microscopy techniques; and electrically including DC conductivity, EMI shielding, imaginary permittivity and current-voltage characteristic. It was found that high interaction between PA6 and CNT led to excellent dispersion state, but hindered conductive network formation; while in more agglomerated PS/CNT composites, CNTs percolated much more readily. In PS/PA6/CNT blends, CNTs were selectively localized in PA6 phase. Though CNT-rich phase was not co-continuous, percolation still occurred, and higher electrical conduction was obtained.
Assessment of Fluid Residence Time in Reservoirs – Case Study of Radiolysis Effects in Crude Oils from China and Norway
Creators: name: Zhao, Jing
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Geochemistry
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Fluid residence time in a trap is a key factor in many petroleum systems evaluation, basin modeling and carbon storage studies. It will not only provide constraints for basin modeling but also contribute an alternative approach to caprock efficiencies evaluations for carbon storage and oil charge studies. However, dating of fluid flow events in petroleum systems is currently based on indirect methods, and direct assessment of hydrocarbon charge and residence time from analysis of crude-oil is not feasible. In the 1990s, Frolov et al. examined abundant olefin concentrations in crude oil and proposed a new concept of olefin generation in crude oils by natural radiolytic dehydrogenation of saturated hydrocarbons. Motivated by this concept and development of radiation chemistry, the study of my thesis aims at investigating the radiolysis effects and mechanisms, identifying a hydrocarbon-related potential proxy system, and thus, to develop a new precise analytical method to permit functional dating of reservoirs by organic geochemical proxies with realistic reservoir gamma ray doses. High-dose (0–10000 kGy) and low-dose (0–200 kGy) gamma ray irradiation experiments were designed and conducted on the selected crude oil samples from the Chinese Tarim Basin, the North Sea and the Barents Sea, which aim to find novel radiation damage products and discover potential radiolysis marker candidates as well as analytical methods to quantify them. The original and irradiated oil samples were separated into saturated and aromatic hydrocarbon fractions, and were characterized using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The high-dose irradiation results were applied to develop methods, study the key radiolysis mechanism and detect radiolysis markers, while low-dose irradiation results were further used to derive correction factors and build a more precise and realistic correlation between radiolysis proxies and irradiation dose. After irradiation, the majority of GC-MS monitored compounds were destroyed at different rates. The rates are dependent on the original concentration, compound class, molecular size (carbon number) and the oil matrix. A few compounds, particularly n-alkanes C9–12, were generated after oil radiolysis. The dating proxies were determined from GC-MS results and preliminary dating concepts of the reservoir filling were developed. In an ideal scenario, knowing the irradiation dose and the reservoir radiation dose rate from analysis of samples would enable the calculation of reservoir residence age. Future work will further explore the analytical approaches, proxy modeling and the application of such concepts in case histories.
Identification of Ambient Molecular Clouds Associated with Galactic Supernova Remnant IC443
Creators: name: Lee, Jae-Joon
name: Koo, Bon-Chul
name: Snell, Ronald L.
name: Yun, Min S.
name: Heyer, Mark H.
name: Burton, Michael G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Galactic supernova remnant (SNR) IC443 is one of the most studied core-collapse SNRs for its interaction with molecular clouds. However, the ambient molecular clouds with which IC443 is interacting have not been thoroughly studied and remain poorly understood. Using Five College Radio Astronomy Observatory 14m telescope, we obtained fully sampled maps of ~ 1° \times 1° region toward IC443 in the 12CO J=1-0 and HCO+ J=1-0 lines. In addition to the previously known molecular clouds in the velocity range v_lsr = -6 to -1 km/s (-3 km/s clouds), our observations reveal two new ambient molecular cloud components: small (~ 1') bright clouds in v_lsr = -8 to -3 km/s (SCs), and diffuse clouds in v_lsr = +3 to +10 km/s (+5 km/s clouds). Our data also reveal the detailed kinematics of the shocked molecular gas in IC443, however the focus of this paper is the physical relationship between the shocked clumps and the ambient cloud components. We find strong evidence that the SCs are associated with the shocked clumps. This is supported by the positional coincidence of the SCs with shocked clumps and other tracers of shocks. Furthermore, the kinematic features of some shocked clumps suggest that these are the ablated material from the SCs upon the impact of the SNR shock. The SCs are interpreted as dense cores of parental molecular clouds that survived the destruction by the pre-supernova evolution of the progenitor star or its nearby stars. We propose that the expanding SNR shock is now impacting some of the remaining cores and the gas is being ablated and accelerated producing the shocked molecular gas. The morphology of the +5 km/s clouds suggests an association with IC443. On the other hand, the -3 km/s clouds show no evidence for interaction.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ. 15 pages (with emulateapj.cls), 17 figures, and 2 tables
Coupling of spin and lattice modes in the S=1/2 two-dimensional antiferromagnet K$_{2}$V$_{3}$O$_{8}$ with magneto-dielectric couplings
Creators: name: Choi, K. -Y.
name: Lemmens, P.
name: Gnezdilov, V. P.
name: Sales, B. C.
name: Lumsden, M. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lattice dynamics and magnetic excitations are investigated to elucidate the origin of magneto-dielectric effects in the S=1/2 two-dimensional quantum spin compound K$_2$V$_3$O$_8$. We find evidence for lattice instabilities at 110 K and 60 K as optical phonon anomalies and a soft mode at 26 cm$^{-1}$ in A$_1$ symmetry. Two-magnon excitations in B$_1$ symmetry show an unconventional double-peak structure and temperature dependence. This suggests the existence of a split mode near the zone boundary caused by a mixing of spin and lattice modes.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in PRB
Efficacy of plant essential oils and detoxification mechanisms in Choristoneura rosaceana, Trichoplusia ni, Dysaphis plantaginea and Myzus persicae
Creators: name: Machial, Cristina Maria
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The obliquebanded leafroller, Choristoneura rosaceana, and the rosy apple aphid, Dysaphis plantaginea are serious pests in apple orchards throughout North America, while the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae and the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni are serious pests in vegetable greenhouses. In an effort to reduce the impact of these pests on their respective crops, growers typically resort to multiple insecticide applications per year for the control of each pest. However, concerns regarding the risk of such pesticides to human and environmental health have led to renewed calls for the development of reduced risk pesticides. In the following, 17 essential oils were screened against each pest species to identify those which could be used to develop novel essential oil-based insecticides and the most toxic of these were further evaluated to determine their LC50 and LD50 values. Patchouli oil was found to be among the most toxic to all four species. Thyme oil was also toxic to both C. rosaceana larvae and D. plantaginea adults, while citronella oil demonstrated high toxicity to D. plantaginea. Garlic and lemongrass oils were also identified as potential candidates for T. ni control and lavender oil was identified as the second most toxic essential oil to M. persicae. Through this work, it was noted that there appeared to be a role for detoxification enzymes in detoxifying these essential oils. Accordingly, the detoxicative abilities of each insect and the potential role of patchouli oil in inducing these enzymes were assessed. Esterase activity was highest in M. persicae while glutathione S-transferase activity followed the order of M. persicae > D. plantaginea > C. rosaceana > T. ni. Cytochrome P450 activity was only detected in some samples, and consequently, results were less conclusive. The potential for incorporating these essential oils into an essential oil-based insecticide is discussed.
A Systematic Study on Energy Dependence of Quasi-Periodic Oscillation Frequency in GRS 1915+105
Creators: name: Yan, Shu-Ping
name: Qu, Jin-Lu
name: Ding, Guo-Qiang
name: Han, Peng
name: Song, Li-Ming
name: Yin, Hong-Xing
name: Zhang, Cheng-Min
name: Zhang, Shu
name: Wang, Jian-Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Systematically studying all the RXTE/PCA observations for GRS 1915+105 before November 2010, we have discovered three additional patterns in the relation between Quasi-Periodic Oscillation (QPO) frequency and photon energy, extending earlier outcomes reported by Qu et al. (2010). We have confirmed that as QPO frequency increases, the relation evolves from the negative correlation to positive one. The newly discovered patterns provide new constraints on the QPO models.
The Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument: One-dimensional power spectrum from first Lyman-$α$ forest samples with Fast Fourier Transform
Creators: name: Ravoux, Corentin
name: Abdul-Karim, Marie Lynn
name: Armengaud, Eric
name: Walther, Michael
name: Karaçaylı, Naim Göksel
name: Martini, Paul
name: Guy, Julien
name: Aguilar, Jessica Nicole
name: Ahlen, Steven
name: Bailey, Stephen
name: Bautista, Julian
name: Beltran, Sergio Felipe
name: Brooks, David
name: Cabayol-Garcia, Laura
name: Chabanier, Solène
name: Chaussidon, Edmond
name: Chaves-Montero, Jonás
name: Dawson, Kyle
name: de la Cruz, Rodrigo
name: de la Macorra, Axel
name: Doel, Peter
name: Fanning, Kevin
name: Font-Ribera, Andreu
name: Forero-Romero, Jaime
name: Gontcho, Satya Gontcho A
name: Gonzalez-Morales, Alma
name: Gordon, Calum
name: Herrera-Alcantar, Hiram
name: Honscheid, Klaus
name: Iršič, Vid
name: Ishak, Mustapha
name: Kehoe, Robert
name: Kisner, Theodore
name: Kremin, Anthony
name: Landriau, Martin
name: Guillou, Laurent Le
name: Levi, Michael
name: Lukić, Zarija
name: Magneville, Christophe
name: Meisner, Aaron
name: Miquel, Ramon
name: Moustakas, John
name: Mueller, Eva-Maria
name: Muñoz-Gutiérrez, Andrea
name: Napolitano, Lucas
name: Nie, Jundan
name: Niz, Gustavo
name: Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie
name: Percival, Will
name: Pérez-Ràfols, Ignasi
name: Pieri, Matthew
name: Poppett, Claire
name: Prada, Francisco
name: Pérez, César Ramírez
name: Rossi, Graziano
name: Sanchez, Eusebio
name: Schlegel, David
name: Schubnell, Michael
name: Seo, Hee-Jong
name: Sinigaglia, Francesco
name: Tan, Ting
name: Tarlé, Gregory
name: Wang, Ben
name: Weaver, Benjamin
name: Yèche, Christophe
name: Zhou, Zhimin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the one-dimensional Lyman-$α$ forest power spectrum measurement using the first data provided by the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI). The data sample comprises $26,330$ quasar spectra, at redshift $z > 2.1$, contained in the DESI Early Data Release and the first two months of the main survey. We employ a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) estimator and compare the resulting power spectrum to an alternative likelihood-based method in a companion paper. We investigate methodological and instrumental contaminants associated to the new DESI instrument, applying techniques similar to previous Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) measurements. We use synthetic data based on log-normal approximation to validate and correct our measurement. We compare our resulting power spectrum with previous SDSS and high-resolution measurements. With relatively small number statistics, we successfully perform the FFT measurement, which is already competitive in terms of the scale range. At the end of the DESI survey, we expect a five times larger Lyman-$α$ forest sample than SDSS, providing an unprecedented precise one-dimensional power spectrum measurement.
description: 23 pages, 23 figures, Journal version