cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
xpProlog : high performance extended pure prolog
Creators: name: Lüdemann, Peter Gerald
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Adhering to the principles of logic programming results in greater expressiveness than is obtained by using the many non-logical features which have been grafted onto current logic programming languages such as Prolog. This report describes an alternative approach to high performance logic programming in which the language and its implementation were designed together. Prolog's non-logical features are discarded and new logical ones are added. Extended pure Prolog (xpProlog) is a superset of conventional Prolog; it is sufficient in itself, without any need for "impure" non-logical predicates. This gives both greater expressiveness and better performance than conventional Prologs. XpProlog programs have the following advantages over conventional Prolog programs: • They are often easier to understand because their meaning does not rely on the underlying computational mechanism. • Coroutining, automatic delaying and sound negation are available. • As technology improves, better implementations and optimization techniques can be used without affecting existing programs. This report covers: • The proper use of logic programming. • How Prolog must be changed to become a good logic programming language (xpProlog). • Sound negation and coroutining. • An efficient abstract machine (xpPAM) which can be efficiently emulated on conventional machines, translated to conventional machine code, or implemented in special purpose hardware. • How to compile extended Prolog and functional (applicative) languages to the abstract machine or to conventional machine code. • Discussion of alternative Prolog abstract machine designs. The xpProlog Abstract Machine's design allows: • Performance similar to the Warren Abstract Machine (WAM) for sequential programs. • Tail recursion optimization (TRO). • Parallelism and coroutining with full backtracking. • Dynamic optimization of clause order. • Efficient if-then-else ("shallow" backtracking). • Simple, regular instruction set for easily optimized compilation. • Efficient memory utilization. • Integrated object-oriented virtual memory. • Predicates as first-class objects. • Simple extension to functional programming. C.R. categories: 1.2.5: Prolog; D.1.3: concurrent programming; D.3.2: very high level languages; D.3.3: language constructs: coroutines, backtracking; D.3.4: 1 interpreters.; 1.2.3: logic programming.
Antimony Selenide Based Solar Cells by Vacuum Evaporation
Creators: name: Kumar, V.
name: Artegiani, E.
name: Romeo, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: New Materials and Concepts for Photovoltaic Devices
New Materials and Concepts for Cells and Modules

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 74-76
description: In the presented work, Antimony selenide (Sb2Se3) thin films with varying thickness (1000, 700 and 500 nm) were prepared by low temperature thermal evaporation method. Solar cells were fabricated in the superstrate configuration of Glass/ITO/ZnO/CdS/Sb2Se3/Cu/Au. Cu addition after the deposition of Sb2Se3, was introduced to improve the back contact and the device performance. Material characterization and the electrical characterization reveal that the preferred orientation [hk1] of the Sb2Se3 is due to the vacuum annealing at 300 0C which leads to a better device performance; while Cu addition leads to a significant increase in the Voc and the fill factor (FF). The champion solar cell showed a conversion efficiency of 3.2 % with a Voc of 332 mV and FF of 43.3%.
Star Formation Thresholds
Creators: name: Schaye, Joop
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To make predictions for the existence of ``dark galaxies'', it is necessary to understand what determines whether a gas cloud will form stars. Star formation thresholds are generally explained in terms of the Toomre criterion for gravitational instability. I contrast this theory with the thermo-gravitational instability hypothesis of Schaye (2004), in which star formation is triggered by the formation of a cold gas phase and which predicts a nearly constant surface density threshold. I argue that although the Toomre analysis is useful for the global stability of disc galaxies, it relies on assumptions that break down in the outer regions, where star formation thresholds are observed. The thermo-gravitational instability hypothesis can account for a number of observed phenomena, some of which were thought to be unrelated to star formation thresholds.
description: 9 pages and 3 figures. To appear in the Proceedings of IAU Symp. 244 on "Dark Galaxies and Lost Baryons", eds. J. I. Davies & M. J. Disney
Maidstone Inn
Creators: name: (:Unas)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: Photographs
Photos
Historic buildings
East Hampton
Structures

description: This image shows Maidstone Inn located in East Hampton. This reproduction was collected sometime from 1970 to 1982 as part of the East Hampton’s Heritage Photo Collection.
description: Images within East Hampton Heritage Photo Collection seem to have been taken or collected in relation to the East Hampton Heritage project, but not all of them were included in the final publication. Several photographer are included in this collection.
Additional file 3 of Identifying targets for increased biogas production through chemical and organic matter characterization of digestate from full-scale biogas plants: what remains and why?
Creators: name: Ekstrand, Eva-Maria
name: Björn, Annika
name: Karlsson, Anna
name: Schnürer, Anna
name: Kanders, Linda
name: Yekta, Sepehr Shakeri
name: Karlsson, Martin
name: Moestedt, Jan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 3. Biplot of PC1 to PC3 from the principal component analysis of all complete datasets
Cyprus' Agricultural Economy in Brief
Creators: name: Tegeler, Henrietta Holm
name: Tegeler, Henrietta Holm
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1966
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Excerpts from the report Summary: After more than 40 centuries of rule by other nations, Cyprus achieved independence in August 1960. Now the island is in a period of transition that requires substantial adjustment in its economy. A continuing problem is the support of its predominantly rural population with a limited land area that is not abundant in natural resources for agriculture. Virtually all cultivable land already is under cultivation. Except for possible extended use of rough land for pastures, the land for agriculture can be increased by no more than 5 percent by drainage and other reclamation practices. The population now on the land is larger than can be efficiently employed. Although manpower requirements for agriculture have declined recently as mechanization has increased, over two-fifths of the gainfully employed labor force is engaged in farming activities that together ordinarily bring in less than one-fifth of the gross national product (GNP).
Additional file 5 of Identifying targets for increased biogas production through chemical and organic matter characterization of digestate from full-scale biogas plants: what remains and why?
Creators: name: Ekstrand, Eva-Maria
name: Björn, Annika
name: Karlsson, Anna
name: Schnürer, Anna
name: Kanders, Linda
name: Yekta, Sepehr Shakeri
name: Karlsson, Martin
name: Moestedt, Jan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 5. Scatter-plot for the correlation of Fe to lipase activity and to RMP
Influence of Wave Induced Movements on the Performance of Floating PV Systems
Creators: name: Dörenkämper, M.
name: Van Der Werf, D.
name: Sinapis, K.
name: De Jong, M.M.
name: Folkerts, W.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: PV Applications and Integration
PV on/in Buildings, Infrastructure, Landscape, Water and Nature

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1759-1762
description: Up to this point most floating PV projects have been installed on water bodies where relatively small waves occur. In the foreseeable future however, floating PV systems will be installed on large water bodies e.g. lakes or even on sea where medium to extreme waves can be formed. Therefore the aim of this study is to investigate the effect of waves on the performance of floating systems. The movement of PV panels, induced by wave-forces, makes that panels have different orientations, thus the Gpoa of the panels within a string varies. This causes mismatch losses within a single string. A model has been created to calculate these losses on an annual basis. Measured wave data of three different locations (extreme -, high - and medium wave intensity) together with GHI-data has been used as input for the model. It has been found that wave induced mismatch losses (WIML) can be significant. The loss in yield can be up to 9% for the location with extreme wave intensity, 7% for the location with high wave intensity and 3% for the location with medium wave intensity.
Open Clusters as Galactic Disk Tracers: I. Project Motivation, Cluster Membership and Bulk Three-Dimensional Kinematics
Creators: name: Frinchaboy, Peter M.
name: Majewski, Steven R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have begun a survey of the chemical and dynamical properties of the Milky Way disk as traced by open star clusters. In this first contribution, the general goals of our survey are outlined and the strengths and limitations of using star clusters as a Galactic disk tracer sample are discussed. We also present medium resolution (R ~ 15,0000) spectroscopy of open cluster stars obtained with the Hydra multi-object spectrographs on the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory 4-m and WIYN 3.5-m telescopes. Here we use these data to determine the radial velocities of 3436 stars in the fields of open clusters within about 3 kpc, with specific attention to stars having proper motions in the Tycho-2 catalog. Additional radial velocity members (without Tycho-2 proper motions) that can be used for future studies of these clusters were also identified. The radial velocities, proper motions, and the angular distance of the stars from cluster center are used to derive cluster membership probabilities for stars in each cluster field using a non-parametric approach, and the cluster members so-identified are used, in turn, to derive the reliable bulk three-dimensional motion for 66 of 71 targeted open clusters. The high probability cluster members that we identify help to clarify the color-magnitude sequences for many of the clusters, and are prime targets for future echelle resolution spectroscopy as well as astrometric study with the Space Interferometry Mission (SIM Planetquest).
description: 35 pages, 17 figures, AJ in press
Solar Decathlon. Interdisciplinary and collaborative research competing on a world stage
Creators: name: Marriage, Guy
Publisher: name: Open Access Victoria University of Wellington | Te Herenga Waka
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 120101 Architectural Design
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)

description: The Solar Decathlon is an international student competition requiring university-led interdisciplinary student teams to research, design, build and operate a solar-powered house. Projects like this are highly competitive but have significant learning benefits for those involved. The Decathlon requires a wide range of student skills and so is by nature highly interdisciplinary. To win requires a significant amount of collaboration between team members who must rapidly accumulate specialised knowledge of diverse fields including solar design. This paper looks at the Solar Decathlon 2011 project submitted by Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand, examines the pedagogical methodologies used, and debates the usefulness of this type of interdisciplinary and collaborative project for students of a school of architecture. It notes the difficulties placed on integration of a single-project focus on the wider scope of a typical architectural education and proposes that the broader degree curriculum may benefit from evolving to better accommodate the flexibility needed for targeted design-led research competitions such as the Solar Decathlon.
New Approach for a Combined Process of an Ultrafast Boron-Oxygen Defect Regeneration and Thermal Contact Treatment of Ni/Cu/Ag Plated Solar Cells
Creators: name: Roder, S.
name: Arya, V.
name: Mir, H.
name: Grübel, B.
name: Kluska, S.
name: Bay, N.
name: Pysch, D.
name: Krauß, K.
name: Brand, A.
name: Nekarda, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Manufacturing & Production of Si Cells

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 457-463
description: A plating sequence of the passivated emitter and rear cell (PERC) concept with Ni/Cu/Ag plated contacts which includes boron-oxygen (BO) defect regeneration and contact annealing is required to ensure a high and light stable efficiency accompanied by a low contact resistance. We introduce an inline-capable process of boronoxygen (BO) defect regeneration with a simultaneous annealing of the Ni/Cu/Ag plated contact within 10 seconds or less. As basis for the development of the inline capable process a transfer line method (TLM) test structure was used to identify process parameters with respect to time scale, temperature and illumination density. The experimental results demonstrate that an optimized process for simultaneous contact annealing and BO regeneration can achieve a full contact anneal after 1 second and an almost complete BO regeneration after 10 seconds. At higher temperatures above 500 °C a possible shunting through the emitter occurs along with no BO regeneration. Whereas lower temperature of 100 °C slows down contact annealing and BO regeneration significantly to a non-inline practicable process time. Hence, a good process window for complete BO regeneration and contact annealing was observed at a temperature of 250 °C with an illumination density of 27 kW/m². Subsequently, the combined process was successfully transferred to an inline capable tool, which enables a significant speed-up of the contact annealing with simultaneous high BO regeneration. Furthermore, a smaller footprint, no need of nitrogen-rich atmosphere and reduced energy consumption are possible advantages compared to an inline thermal treatment oven for contact annealing.
รูปแบบการบริหารจัดการที่มีประสิทธิผลขององค์การบริหารส่วนตำบลในกลุ่มจังหวัดภาคเหนือตอนล่างกลุ่มที่ 1 ประเทศไทย
Creators: name: ปรีชา สุวรรณภูมิ
name: สุทธนู ศรีไสย์
name: จินต์ วิภาตะกลัศ
name: สุพจน์ บุญวิเศษ
Publisher: name: สมาคมนักวิจัย
Year: 2554
Subjects: รูปแบบการบริหารจัดการ,องค์การบริหารส่วนตำบล,กลุ่มจังหวัดภาคเหนือตอนล่าง กลุ่มที่ 1

description: 3, 16, วารสารสมาคมนักวิจัย
title: Alkemie Revue semestrielle de littérature et philosophie. 2014-2, n° 14
title: L'oubli
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Unap)
Publisher: name: Classiques Garnier
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Littérature
subject: Philosophie
subject: Linguistique
subject: Poésie
subject: Entretiens
subject: Comptes rendus

description: Contributeurs : Constantin Abaluta, Olivier Aïm, Tayeb Ainseba, Hanen Allouch, Imre József Balázs, Odette Barbero, Sylvie Bourgouin, Antoine Constantin Caille, Simona Constantinovici, Marcelo Dos Santos Mamed, Răzvan Enache, Gwenolé Fortin, Gilles Guigues, Orianne Guy, Aymen Hacen, María Vicenta Hernández Álvarez, Roland Jaccard, Michel Lambert, Sylvain Louet, Adrien Louis, Joan Manuel Marín Torres, Marta Petreu, Mirela-Cristina Pop, Marie-Laure Pujol, Kiev Renaud, Giovanni Rotiroti, Alberto Russo, Elisabeth Schulz, Marco Settimini, Mihaela-Genţiana Stănişor, Ciprian Vălcan et Marta Petreu.
Comparison of dust-to-gas ratios in luminous, ultraluminous, and hyperluminous infrared galaxies
Creators: name: Contini, M.
name: Contini, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dust-to-gas ratios in three different samples of luminous, ultraluminous, and hyperluminous infrared galaxies are calculated by modelling their radio to soft X-ray spectral energy distributions using composite models which account for the photoionizing radiation from HII regions, starbursts, or AGNs, and for shocks. The models are limited to a set which broadly reproduces the mid-IR fine structure line ratios of local, IR bright, starburst galaxies. The results show that two types of clouds contribute to the IR emission. Those characterized by low shock velocities and low preshock densities explain the far-IR dust emission, while those with higher velocities and densities contribute to mid-IR dust emission. An AGN is found in nearly all of the ultraluminous IR galaxies and in half of the luminous IR galaxies of the sample. High IR luminosities depend on dust-to-gas ratios of about 0.1 by mass, however, most hyperluminous IR galaxies show dust-to-gas ratios much lower than those calculated for the luminous and ultraluminous IR galaxies.
description: 19 pages+ 7 figures. in press in AN
The Influnce of Diffusion Condtion to Passivation Quality of SiOx/Poly-Silicon Layer
Creators: name: Deng, W.
name: An, X.
name: Chen, H.
name: Jiang, F.
name: Xing, G.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Manufacturing & Production of Si Cells

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 259-261
description: The doping in poly silicon layer plays important role in the passivation quality of SiOx/poly Silicon stack layer. POCl3 diffusion is applied to form n type poly Silicon. The process conditions have been investigated. It was found that heavier doping cause the deterioration of the passivation quality of SiOx/poly Silicon layer. The optimum condition for drive in step has been identified to be around 860 with a low J0 of 3fA/cm2.
Message-passing for Maximum Weight Independent Set
Creators: name: Sanghavi, Sujay
name: Shah, Devavrat
name: Willsky, Alan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We investigate the use of message-passing algorithms for the problem of finding the max-weight independent set (MWIS) in a graph. First, we study the performance of the classical loopy max-product belief propagation. We show that each fixed point estimate of max-product can be mapped in a natural way to an extreme point of the LP polytope associated with the MWIS problem. However, this extreme point may not be the one that maximizes the value of node weights; the particular extreme point at final convergence depends on the initialization of max-product. We then show that if max-product is started from the natural initialization of uninformative messages, it always solves the correct LP -- if it converges. This result is obtained via a direct analysis of the iterative algorithm, and cannot be obtained by looking only at fixed points. The tightness of the LP relaxation is thus necessary for max-product optimality, but it is not sufficient. Motivated by this observation, we show that a simple modification of max-product becomes gradient descent on (a convexified version of) the dual of the LP, and converges to the dual optimum. We also develop a message-passing algorithm that recovers the primal MWIS solution from the output of the descent algorithm. We show that the MWIS estimate obtained using these two algorithms in conjunction is correct when the graph is bipartite and the MWIS is unique. Finally, we show that any problem of MAP estimation for probability distributions over finite domains can be reduced to an MWIS problem. We believe this reduction will yield new insights and algorithms for MAP estimation.
description: Submitted to IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
Matching Globular Cluster Models to Observations
Creators: name: Rui, Nicholas Z.
name: Kremer, Kyle
name: Weatherford, Newlin C.
name: Chatterjee, Sourav
name: Rasio, Frederic A.
name: Rodriguez, Carl L.
name: Ye, Claire S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As ancient, gravitationally bound stellar populations, globular clusters are abundant, vibrant laboratories characterized by high frequencies of dynamical interactions coupled to complex stellar evolution. Using surface brightness and velocity dispersion profiles from the literature, we fit $59$ Milky Way globular clusters to dynamical models from the \texttt{CMC Cluster Catalog}. Without doing any interpolation, and without any directed effort to fit any particular cluster, $26$ globular clusters are well-matched by at least one of our models. We discuss in particular the core-collapsed clusters NGC 6293, NGC 6397, NGC 6681, and NGC 6624, and the non-core-collapsed clusters NGC 288, NGC 4372, and NGC 5897. As NGC 6624 lacks well-fitting snapshots on the main \texttt{CMC Cluster Catalog}, we run six additional models in order to refine the fit. We calculate metrics for mass segregation, explore the production of compact object sources such as millisecond pulsars, cataclysmic variables, low-mass X-ray binaries, and stellar-mass black holes, finding reasonable agreement with observations. Additionally, closely mimicking observational cuts, we extract the binary fraction from our models, finding good agreement except in the dense core regions of core-collapsed clusters. Accompanying this paper are a number of \textsf{python} methods for examining the publicly accessible \texttt{CMC Cluster Catalog}, as well as any other models generated using \texttt{CMC}.
description: 22 pages, 11 figures, 5 tables; accepted to ApJ
Improving the Analysis of Contact Recombination by Photoluminescence Imaging
Creators: name: Manshanden, P.
name: Slooff-Hoek, L.S.
name: Löffler, J.
name: Weeber, A.W.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Characterisation & Simulation of Si Cells

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 366-370
description: In recent years, the efficiency of industrial solar cells has significantly improved, and remaining room for improvement is mainly on reducing recombination, in particular contact recombination. Various methods exist to analyse the contact recombination, of which analysis by photoluminescence imaging is widely used. One of the implicit assumptions of the photoluminescence (PL) method is that the conductive part of the contact itself (e.g. beyond the actual contact layer) does not disturb the measurement of the PL intensity. Specifically, it is assumed that the areas with contact lines reflect identically to the areas without contact lines. We have tested this assumption and found that in most cases this assumption is incorrect. The error induced by the erroneous assumption has been quantified to identify the methods best suited to minimize the impact. The main conclusion is that measurements should take into account the effective reflective difference of the chuck and the silicon-metal reflection.
Developing the students’ autonomy in middle school: an exploratory study of French science teachers’ points of view & the expectations of the school institution
Creators: name: EL HAGE, SUZANE
name: BOILEVIN, JEAN-MARIE
name: EL HAJJAR (France), DARINE
Publisher: name: Review of Science, Mathematics and ICT Education
Year: 2021
Subjects: Autonomy, didactics, physics-chemistry teacher, inspector, middle school

description: We propose an exploratory study comparing the statements of 4 French science teachers to the expectations of the institution regarding the notion of autonomy with the speech of an inspector in science on: (1) what is an autonomous middle school student in science and (2) on the support a teacher can use to develop it. The analytical framework is mainly based on several dimensions of autonomy in science education. We distinguish between pedagogical autonomy and didactic autonomy and characterize the process of autonomisation a pupil according to different dimensions. The analysis of the 5 interviews involves two scales (mesoscopic and microscopic). The comparative analysis of our corpus reveals major differences between the interviewees in terms of pedagogical autonomy and didactic autonomy.
description: Review of Science, Mathematics and ICT Education, Forthcoming papers
Lipid Flip-Flop Driven Mechanical and Morphological Changes in Model Membranes
Creators: name: Ramachandran, Sanoop
name: Kumar, P. B. Sunil
name: Laradji, Mohamed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study, using dissipative particle dynamics simulations, the effect of active lipid flip-flop on model fluid bilayer membranes. We consider both cases of symmetric as well as asymmetric flip-flops. Symmetric flip-flop leads to a steady state of the membrane with an effective temperature higher than that of the equilibrium membrane and an effective surface tension lower than that of the equilibrium membrane. Asymmetric flip-flop leads to transient conformational changes of the membrane in the form of bud or blister formation, depending on the flip rate.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
BIM – A Booster for Energy Transition and BIPV Adoption
Creators: name: Alamy, P.
name: Nguyen, V.K.
name: Saretta, E.
name: Bonomo, P.
name: Román Medina, E.
name: Vega De Seoane, J.M.
name: Alonso, P.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: PV Applications and Integration
PV on/in Buildings, Infrastructure, Landscape, Water and Nature

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1754-1758
description: Building-Integrated PhotoVoltaic (BIPV) has the potential to significantly contribute to the achievement of the demanding energy efficiency targets set by the EU. However, its market uptake has been hindered in the past years by the difficulties of the industry in providing holistic solutions complying with key demands from decision makers and end-users. Practically, among the most important technological challenges toward energy-efficient buildings are twofold: (i) bioclimatic design, considering eco-friendly sources as well as renewable and durable materials, and (ii) Building Information Modelling (BIM) methodology for the whole architecture, engineering and construction (AEC), involving design, production and process innovation respectively. The fragmentation of the value chain, especially in BIPV where building and electro-technical sectors need to work in a coordinated way, is a real threat to the competitiveness of the sector. In fact, a considerable share of cost for BIPV systems is not only related to the product (module, BOS, etc.), manufacturing and operation but also to inefficiencies along some project stages. So far, BIPV is still not supported by a completely digitized process which could ensure clear structures, efficient processes, lower costs, less time and higher quality across the entire lifecycle. Overcoming these challenges can be achieved by the implementation of BIM into the BIPV value-chain, in order to introduce an integrated process supported by digital and interoperable environments connected, from pre-design to manufacturing, as a key to address growing technical complexity and manufacturing flexibility. Digitalization can overcome the construction processes fragmentation and communication problems between stakeholders, to reduce on-site time for installation and improve building affordability throughout its lifecycle. Within this context, two European H2020 projects, PVSITES (www.pvsites.eu) and BIPVBOOST (www.bipvboost.eu), address the need for a software solution within a digital environment for the joint modelling, performance simulation and information management of BIPV and building energy systems.
Additional file 8 of Identifying targets for increased biogas production through chemical and organic matter characterization of digestate from full-scale biogas plants: what remains and why?
Creators: name: Ekstrand, Eva-Maria
name: Björn, Annika
name: Karlsson, Anna
name: Schnürer, Anna
name: Kanders, Linda
name: Yekta, Sepehr Shakeri
name: Karlsson, Martin
name: Moestedt, Jan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 8. Calculation of the amount of organic material in the digested samples
Roles of resonance and dark irradiance for infrared photorefractive self-focusing and solitons in bi-polar InP:Fe
Creators: name: Fressengeas, Nicolas
name: Khelfaoui, Naima
name: Dan, Cristian
name: Wolfersberger, Delphine
name: Montemezzani, Germano
name: Leblond, Hervé
name: Chauvet, Mathieu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper shows experimental evidence of photorefractive steady state self-focusing in InP:Fe for a wide range of intensities, at both 1.06 and 1.55$μ$m. To explain those results, it is shown that despite the bi-polar nature of InP:Fe where one photocarrier and one thermal carrier are to be considered, the long standing one photocarrier model for photorefractive solitons can be usefully applied. The relationship between the dark irradiance stemming out of this model and the known resonance intensity is then discussed.
Assessing asset-liability risk with neural networks
Creators: name: Cheridito, Patrick
name: Ery, John
name: Wüthrich, Mario V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Risk Management (q-fin.RM)
subject: Computational Finance (q-fin.CP)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We introduce a neural network approach for assessing the risk of a portfolio of assets and liabilities over a given time period. This requires a conditional valuation of the portfolio given the state of the world at a later time, a problem that is particularly challenging if the portfolio contains structured products or complex insurance contracts which do not admit closed form valuation formulas. We illustrate the method on different examples from banking and insurance. We focus on value-at-risk and expected shortfall, but the approach also works for other risk measures.
Replication patterns for polygon fill algorithms
Creators: name: Kreykenbohm, Michael Walter
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis describes and compares several methods for producing bilevel patterns to simulate grey level values for use in polygon regions as generated for computer graphics. Random distribution, ordered dither, and error diffusion methods are shown to be visually inferior for many grey levels to the proposed maxmin algorithm for producing patterns for polygon area filling procedures. Through even spatial arrangement of the pixels and taking into consideration the edges of the pattern, the number of artifacts is decreased and the accuracy in small subregions of the pattern is improved, especially at low grey levels where most pattern generators degrade. At these lower levels, the maxmin algorithm can produce pleasing patterns if given sufficient flexibility through enlarged grid sizes. At higher grey levels, the proximity of pixels does not leave sufficient room to eliminate all artifacts, but by varying the criteria of the algorithm, the patterns still appear more pleasing than other methods.
The Investigation of the Effect of Copper Content on the Kinetics of Microwave Photoconductivity in CIGS Solid Solution
Creators: name: Novikov, G.F.
name: Rabenok, E.V.
name: Gapanovich, M.V.
name: Odin, I.N.
name: Pyatlitski, A.N.
name: Gremenok, V.F.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Perovskites, other Non-Silicon-Based Photovoltaics and Multi-Junction Devices
CI(G)S, CdTe and Related Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 670-672
description: The kinetics of the photoresponse of microwave photoconductivity in copper-deficient solid solutions Cu1-x(In0.7Ga0.3)Se2 (0
Characterizing Synchronization in Time Series using Information Measures Extracted from Symbolic Representations
Creators: name: Monetti, Roberto
name: Bunk, Wolfram
name: Jamitzky, Ferdinand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a methodology to characterize synchronization in time series based on symbolic representations. A symbol is linked to a sequence of numbers through the rank-order of its values. A representation of a time series results after mapping all sequences into symbols. We propose a transcription scheme between symbolic representations to study the dynamics of coupled systems. This scheme allows us to use elements of group theory and to derive information measures to assess the degree of synchronization. We apply our method to a prototype non-linear system which displays a rich coupled dynamics.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Saudi Arabia: Supply and Demand Projections for Farm Products to 1975, with Implications for U.S. Exports
Creators: name: Moe, Lyle E.
name: Asfour, Edmund Y.
name: Moe, Lyle E.
name: Asfour, Edmund Y.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1966
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Crop Production/Industries
Demand and Price Analysis
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
International Relations/Trade
Livestock Production/Industries

description: Excerpts from the report: Because of the country's intemperately hot and dry climate, plus scarcity of rainfall and of underground water, only about 0.13 percent of its total area is cultivated. Consequently, Saudi Arabia is a food-deficit country. Dates are the only major staple food whose production has been sufficient to meet local demand. U.S. trade data show that agricultural exports to Saudi Arabia totaled $10 million in 1962, $13.5 million in 1963, and $14.1 million in 1964. However, such exports consist almost entirely of two commodities--rice and wheat flour. During 1962-64, each of these commodities represented about 40 percent of the value of U.S. agricultural exports to Saudi Arabia. Saudi Arabia is expected to substantially increase its imports of feed grains, fresh fruits and vegetables, dairy products, and vegetable oils through 1975. However, the United States has been an insignificant supplier of all these commodities.
description: In 1963 the U.S. Department of Agriculture contracted with the American University of Beirut, Lebanon, to prepare a projection of supply, demand, and trade in Saudi Arabia. Results of the study were published in Lebanon in 1965 under the title "Saudi Arabia: Long-Term Projections of Supply of and Demand for Agricultural Products." This research (hereafter referred to as the "AUB Report") constitutes part of the Department's efforts to evaluate the long-term prospects for agricultural products throughout the world. The major findings of the study are summarized in this shorter report, along with the conclusions and implications of the projections for U.S. agriculture.
Additional file 1 of Pain cognitions and impact of low back pain after participation in a self-management program: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Joern, Lise
name: Kongsted, Alice
name: Thomassen, Line
name: Hartvigsen, Jan
name: Ravn, Susanne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Interview Guide.
Time Dependent Electroluminescence in Planar and Mesoporous Methylammonium Lead Iodide Solar Cells
Creators: name: Córdoba, M.A.
name: Herrera, W.
name: Koffman-Frischknecht, A.
name: Perez, M.D.
name: Taretto, K.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Perovskites, other Non-Silicon-Based Photovoltaics and Multi-Junction Devices
Perovskite Based Photovoltaics

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 713-716
description: Electroluminescence (EL) characterization in conventional methylammonium lead iodide perovskite solar cells is performed under constant current and constant voltage biasing conditions. The total electroluminescence is measured as a function of time after polarization, revealing pronounced transient behavior in cells with both planar and mesoporous TiO2 electron transport layers. The EL signals show an increase up to a maximum typically occurring around 5 s and 10 s after biasing for planar and mesoporous cells, respectively. Compared to the planar TiO2 cells, the mesoporous TiO2 cells show slower EL transients. The EL decay after the maximum saturates towards values around 10 % of the maximum at times above 15 s and 30 s for planar and mesoporous cells, respectively. After discarding current heating effects, we discuss possible microscopic origins of the observed transients by taking into account ion transport occurring upon polarization. The non-monotonous EL curve showing a peak is discussed in terms of ion-migration originating a tradeoff between electric field compensation and non-radiative recombination at vacancy generation upon migration.
Measurement of transverse SSA fpr J/Psi production in polarized p+p and p+Au collisions at PHENIX
Creators: name: Xu, Chen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: spin16
phenix
transverse spin asymmetry
J/Ψ
p+p
p+au
muon arms
dimuon
forward-rapidity

description: Talk presented at the 22nd International Spin Symposium 2016 conference
Small Bialgebras with a Projection: Applications
Creators: name: Ardizzoni, A.
name: Menini, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16W30, 16S40

description: In this paper we continue the investigation started in [A.M.St.-Small], dealing with bialgebras $A$ with an $H$-bilinear coalgebra projection over an arbitrary subbialgebra $H$ with antipode. These bialgebras can be described as deformed bosonizations $R#_ξ H$ of a pre-bialgebra $R$ by $H$ with a cocycle $ξ$. Here we describe the behavior of $ξ$ in the case when $R$ is f.d. and thin i.e. it is connected with one dimensional space of primitive elements. This is used to analyze the arithmetic properties of $A$. Meaningful results are obtained when $H$ is cosemisimple. By means of Ore extension construction, we provide some examples of atypical situations (e.g. the multiplication of $R$ is not $H$-colinear or $ξ$ is non-trivial).
Screen Printed Double-Side Contacted POLO-Cells with Ultra-Thin Poly-Si Layers and Different Transparent Conductive Oxides
Creators: name: Larionova, Y.
name: Schulte-Huxel, H.
name: Min, B.
name: Hartmann, S.
name: Turcu, M.
name: Kluge, T.
name: Mehlich, H.
name: Brendel, R.
name: Peibst, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Heterojunction Solar Cells

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 172-175
description: In this work we demonstrate various measures to improve the efficiency of large-area screen-printed double-side contacted POLO-cells with different transparent conductive oxides (TCO). We experimentally increase the short-circuit current density Jsc up to 0.6 mA/cm2 by reducing the thickness of poly-Si from 25 nm to 10 nm due to the reduction of the parasitic absorption in the poly-Si layer at the textured cell front side. An implemented hydrogenation step with AlxOy and post-deposition anneal of TCO enable remarkably high implied open-circuit voltage Voc,impl values on n-type cell precursors after the sputtering process. All cell precursors show Voc,impl of up to 740 mV independent of the poly-Si thickness. We find an improvement of the open-circuit voltage Voc of the final cells of up to 728 mV, a cell efficiency of up to 22.3% with indium tin oxide, and a cell efficiency of 21.6% with an aluminum-doped zinc oxide on top or the n+-type POLO layer.
New insight into cataract formation -- enhanced stability through mutual attraction
Creators: name: Stradner, A.
name: Foffi, G.
name: Dorsaz, N.
name: Thurston, G.
name: Schurtenberger, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Small-angle neutron scattering experiments and molecular dynamics simulations combined with an application of concepts from soft matter physics to complex protein mixtures provide new insight into the stability of eye lens protein mixtures. Exploring this colloid-protein analogy we demonstrate that weak attractions between unlike proteins help to maintain lens transparency in an extremely sensitive and non-monotonic manner. These results not only represent an important step towards a better understanding of protein condensation diseases such as cataract formation, but provide general guidelines for tuning the stability of colloid mixtures, a topic relevant for soft matter physics and industrial applications.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication on Phys. Rev. Lett
การทำหลักกฎหมายสัญญาเป็นอันหนึ่งอันเดียวกันในบริบทของประชาคมอาเซียน (Reformulating Contract Law from the Perspective of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations)
Creators: name: คณิต ชัยสถาผล
Publisher: name: คณะนิติศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยนเรศวร
Year: 2562
Subjects: กฎหมายสัญญา อาเซียน กฎหมายต้นแบบ Contract Law, ASEAN, Model Law

description: วารสารนิติศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยนเรศวร, 12, 1, 139-167
Assessment and Improvement of Thermoelectric Pyranometer Measurements
Creators: name: Mariottini, F.
name: Belluardo, G.
name: Bliss, M.
name: Isherwood, P.J.M.
name: Cole, I.R.
name: Betts, T.R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: PV Systems and Storage – Modelling, Design, Operation and Performance
Solar Resource and Forecasting

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1384-1387
description: This work evaluates the variability of thermoelectric pyranometer calibration values seen when using different calibration methods and practices. The pyranometer calibration ISO 9847:1992 standard leaves many procedural details to the user’s discretion. The variability resulting from different interpretations influences PV system performance monitoring and energy yield modelling. Improved methods and more robust standardisation are therefore needed to reduce uncertainty in field-deployed thermoelectric pyranometers and consequently reduce risk in PV system energy yield assessment. This paper investigates the variability induced by relaxed calibration procedures defined in the standard Furthermore, it proposes indoor procedures for the characterisation of pyranometer response to incidence angle and temperature which have not yet been defined in the standards. Uncertainty of calibration factors including under high angles of incidence and a few cloudy data series from outdoor methods were found to be up to 2.08%, compared with 1.4% stated by the manufacturer. Uncertainty increases up to 4.73% when reference and test sensors are of different types. Results of indoor calibration procedures agreed to within 1.21% even when calibrating multiple sensors at the same time. The instability of the irradiance source contributed more to the overall uncertainty than the selection of the procedure. The angular response of the devices tested was close to the prescribed limits [1].
Comparison of data classification procedures in applied geochemistry using Monte Carlo simulation
Creators: name: Stanley, Clifford R.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: In geochemical applications, data classification commonly involves 'mapping' continuous variables into discrete descriptive categories, and often is achieved using thresholds to define specific ranges of data as separate groups which then can be compared with other categorical variables. This study compares several classification methods used in applied geochemistry to select thresholds and discriminate between populations or to recognize anomalous observations. The comparisons were made using monte carlo simulation to evaluate how well different techniques perform using different data set structures. A comparison of maximum likelihood parameter estimates of a mixture of normal distributions using class interval frequencies versus raw data was undertaken to study the quality of the corresponding results. The more time consuming raw data approach produces optimal parameter estimates while the more rapid class interval approach is the approach in common use. Results show that provided there are greater than 50 observations per distribution and (on average) 10 observations per class interval, the maximum likelihood parameter estimates by the two methods are practically indistinguishable. Univariate classification techniques evaluated in this study include the 'mean plus 2 standard deviations', the '95th percentile', the gap statistic and probability plots. Results show that the 'mean plus 2 standard deviations' and '95th percentile' approaches are inappropriate for most geochemical data sets. The probability plot technique classifies mixtures of normal distributions better than the gap statistic; however, the gap statistic may be used as a discordancy test to reveal the presence of outliers. Multivariate classification using the background characterization approach was simulated using several different functions to describe the variation in the background distribution. Comparisons of principal components, ordinary least squares regression and reduced major axis regression indicate that reduced major axis regression and principal components are not only consistent with assumptions about geochemical data, but are less sensitive to varying degrees of data set truncation than is ordinary least squares regression. Furthermore, correcting the descriptive statistics of a truncated data set and calculating the background functions using these statistics produces residuals and scores which are predictable and thus can be distinguished easily from residuals and scores calculated for data from another distribution.