cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
(500510) John E. Webster
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Impact of Surface Roughness on Light Absorption
Creators: name: Gareyan, V.
name: Gevorkian, Zh.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study oblique incident light absorption in opaque media with rough surfaces. An analytical approach with modified boundary conditions taking into account the surface roughness in metallic or dielectric films has been discussed. Our approach reveals interference-linked terms that modify the absorption dependence on different characteristics. We have discussed the limits of our approach that hold valid from the visible to the microwave region. Polarization and angular dependences of roughness-induced absorption are revealed. The existence of an incident angle or a wavelength for which the absorptance of a rough surface becomes equal to that of a flat surface is predicted. Based on this phenomenon a method of determining roughness correlation length is suggested.
description: 11pages,7figures. PRA published version
Optimizing Production Costs via Hybrid Assembly
Creators: name: Mencaroni, Andrea
name: Claeys, Dieter
name: De Vuyst, Stijn
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Selective assembly is a production technique whereby components are smartly instead of randomly matched based on their measured feature values. Although it can reduce scrap by allowing more relaxed tolerances on components, it is often not adopted due to the high logistic costs related to measuring and matching operations. Therefore, we propose and investigate a hybrid assembly strategy whereby a number of traditional assembly rounds are performed before switching to selective assembly. At each round, the randomly selected components which did not lead to a feasible assembly are put into their respective unmatched components piles and are used for the next random assembly round. When N such rounds have been performed, the remaining unmatched components will finally be assembled via selective assembly. Due to these prior random assembly rounds, fewer selective assembly operations will eventually be needed, which considerably reduces logistic costs related to selective assembly. On the other hand, every
 additional round also implies random assembly trial costs. Hence, an optimal number of random assembly rounds before moving on to selective assembly has to be determined. Therefore, a cost function is developed together with an optimality condition. This cost function is expressed in terms of the matching probabilities at each round and the relative costs of selective and random assembly. Since the analytic calculation of the matching probabilities is in most of the practical cases not feasible, a simulation technique was developed to estimate these probabilities. Particular attention is paid to reducing the variance of the estimators for the matching probabilities, and to their impact on the total variability of the cost function. Results from the application of this innovative method to two study cases demonstrate that the proposed hybrid assembly technique can significantly reduce average assembly costs.
Last Electroweak WIMP Standing: Pseudo-Dirac Higgsino Status and Compact Stars as Future Probes
Creators: name: Krall, Rebecca
name: Reece, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electroweak WIMPs are under intense scrutiny from direct detection, indirect detection, and collider experiments. Nonetheless the pure (pseudo-Dirac) higgsino, one of the simplest such WIMPs, remains elusive. We present an up-to-date assessment of current experimental constraints on neutralino dark matter. The strongest bound on pure higgsino dark matter currently may arise from AMS-02 measurements of antiprotons, though the interpretation of these results has sizable uncertainty. We discuss whether future astrophysical observations could offer novel ways to test higgsino dark matter, especially in the challenging regime with order MeV mass splitting between the two neutral higgsinos. We find that heating of white dwarfs by annihilation of higgsinos captured via inelastic scattering could be one useful probe, although it will require challenging observations of distant dwarf galaxies or a convincing case to be made for substantial dark matter content in Omega Centauri, a globular cluster that may be a remnant of a disrupted dwarf galaxy. White dwarfs and neutron stars give a target for astronomical observations that could eventually help to close the last, most difficult corner of parameter space for dark matter with weak interactions.
description: v2: references added, direct detection bounds updated with PandaX-II 2017 results
title: The ecological role of Salpa thompsoni in the Kerguelen Plateau region of the Southern Ocean : a first comprehensive evaluation
Creators: name: Kelly, PS
Publisher: name: University of Tasmania
Year: 2019

description: Increasing numbers of gelatinous species may significantly alter the future structure and function of Southern Ocean ecosystems. Most notably, there is evidence of a possible increase in long-term abundance, coupled with a southerly shift in distribution, in the salp Salpa thompsoni. Identifying the effects of a potential shift from a Euphausia superba-based food web, to a salp-based food web is crucial for quantifying potential ecosystem energy-flow changes, and for facilitating robust approaches to ecosystem-based management. A lack of baseline information on Salpa thompsoni biology and ecology (against which to assess change in the ecological role) in the waters off East Antarctica is hampering understanding of the mechanisms underpinning the distribution and dynamics of this species, and therefore preventing researchers from predicting exactly how Southern Ocean salps will behave under forecast environmental change. This thesis examined the abundance and distribution patterns, population structure, environmental drivers, diet, and elemental and nutritional content of Salpa thompsoni populations in the Kerguelen Plateau during the 2016 summer. The Kerguelen Plateau is a hotspot for biological productivity, and a location of valuable toothfish fisheries. Furthermore, this thesis investigated the potential for resource overlap between Salpa thompsoni and Antarctic krill and compared the in-situ energetic potential of the two food sources. This research found that, during the 2016 summer, Salpa thompsoni occurred south of the Southern Boundary of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (originally considered the southern limit of Salpa thompsoni distributions) in higher abundances than previously reported. Using generalised additive models, large blooms were associated with low-chlorophyll-a concentration and summer sea-ice retreat. A comparison of the distribution patterns of Salpa thompsoni and Euphausia superba identified potential for the habitats of the two species to overlap on both horizontal (latitudinal and longitudinal distribution) and vertical (water-column distribution) spatial scales. Evidence for food source overlap was provided by stable isotope and gut content analyses. While salps were once considered a trophic “dead-end,” improved dietary analysis methods now show Salpa thompsoni to be a valid food source for higher predators, albeit with unclear energetic value. In this research, protein and energy content analyses found Salpa thompsoni to be an energetically inferior food source for Kerguelen Plateau predators, containing significantly less protein and overall energy than Euphausia superba. The findings from this thesis, as well as the resultant datasets on Salpa thompsoni population dynamics, will have wide-ranging applications, including incorporation into ecosystem models and future studies on the changing ecosystem role of Southern Ocean salps.
(500512) Barbara Robinson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Maximal Entanglement and Teleportation using an Arthurs-Kelly type Interaction for Qubits
Creators: name: Sahu, Subhayan
name: Roy, S. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study entanglement generation between a system qubit and three apparatus qubits using an exactly solvable Arthurs-Kelly type model. We demonstrate the possibility of generating an EPR-like maximally entangled system-apparatus state, in which the second qubit of the usual EPR state is replaced by a three qubit state. We design a very simple protocol to transfer the unknown state of the system onto one of the apparatus qubits which can then be sent elsewhere via a quantum channel. This protocol can be seen as an alternative teleportation scheme.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure; Close to published version
(500513) Elizabeth Robinson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Simple and Faster Algorithms for Knapsack
Creators: name: He, Qizheng
name: Xu, Zhean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we obtain a number of new simple pseudo-polynomial time algorithms on the well-known knapsack problem, focusing on the running time dependency on the number of items $n$, the maximum item weight $w_\mathrm{max}$, and the maximum item profit $p_\mathrm{max}$. Our results include:
 - An $\widetilde{O}(n^{3/2}\cdot \min\{w_\mathrm{max},p_\mathrm{max}\})$-time randomized algorithm for 0-1 knapsack, improving the previous $\widetilde{O}(\min\{n w_\mathrm{max} p_\mathrm{max}^{2/3},n p_\mathrm{max} w_\mathrm{max}^{2/3}\})$ [Bringmann and Cassis, ESA'23] for the small $n$ case.
 - An $\widetilde{O}(n+\min\{w_\mathrm{max},p_\mathrm{max}\}^{5/2})$-time randomized algorithm for bounded knapsack, improving the previous $O(n+\min\{w_\mathrm{max}^3,p_\mathrm{max}^3\})$ [Polak, Rohwedder and Wegrzyck, ICALP'21].
What is the Simplest Linear Ramp?
Creators: name: Das, Suman
name: Garg, Sumit K.
name: Krishnan, Chethan
name: Kundu, Arnab
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss conditions under which a deterministic sequence of real numbers, interpreted as the set of eigenvalues of a Hamiltonian, can exhibit features usually associated to random matrix spectra. A key diagnostic is the spectral form factor (SFF) -- a linear ramp in the SFF is often viewed as a signature of random matrix behavior. Based on various explicit examples, we observe conditions for linear and power law ramps to arise in deterministic spectra. We note that a very simple spectrum with a linear ramp is $E_n \sim \log n$. Despite the presence of ramps, these sequences do $not$ exhibit conventional level repulsion, demonstrating that the lore about their concurrence needs refinement. However, when a small noise correction is added to the spectrum, they lead to clear level repulsion as well as the (linear) ramp. We note some remarkable features of logarithmic spectra, apart from their linear ramps: they are closely related to normal modes of black hole stretched horizons, and their partition function with argument $s=β+it$ is the Riemann zeta function $ζ(s)$. An immediate consequence is that the spectral form factor is simply $\sim |ζ(it)|^2$. Our observation that log spectra have a linear ramp, is closely related to the Lindelöf hypothesis on the growth of the zeta function. With elementary numerics, we check that the slope of a best fit line through $|ζ(it)|^2$ on a log-log plot is indeed $1$, to the fourth decimal. We also note that truncating the Riemann zeta function sum at a finite integer $N$ causes the would-be-eternal ramp to end on a plateau.
description: v3: Replaced LSD figure with improved bin size, published version
title: Commonwealth engagement with school education : a history (1901-2015)
Creators: name: Rodwell, GW
Publisher: name: University of Tasmania
Year: 2019

description: Beginning in 1911 with the mandating of school cadets for all Australian school students from twelve years to eighteen years, the Commonwealth has exerted its influence on Australian schools and colleges. This is despite the Constitution implying education to be a state prerogative. Section 51 outlines the powers of the federal government, and those not listed, such as school education, remain the residual powers of states and territories. This research attempts to analyse what is so attractive to schools and colleges for Commonwealth governments in their policy making. How might this influence of political forces be understood? Through an organisational framework adhering to the changing nature of federalism, a notion of history acknowledging political imperatives, and the analytical lens of Kingdon’s Agendas, this research argues school education has become an arena of competing political forces, and has been such since the beginning of Federation. The research establishes, however, Kingdon’s Agendas requires some tweaking to take into account the rising influences of risk society theory, moral panic theory and the rising influence of social media. While recognizing federalism is composed of the legal, financial and political, each stage of federalism since Federation has been a party to its own particular kind of policy impacting on school education, broadly conceived. In examining the politics of Commonwealth leverage on school education, this research eschews any notions of progress, or altruism on behalf of governments in respect to school education policy. It argues school education has become a field wherein policies are developed for party political ends. Fully exploiting the Constitution since 1911, finding any possible loophole, agenda-setting in policy through school education has become a major task of federal political parties as they seek and maintain government.
title: Personality assessment through the use of video games
Creators: name: Zulkifly, AN
Publisher: name: University of Tasmania
Year: 2019

description: Research into serious games has increased over the recent years, but it remains a field that has vast potential applications when paired with other fields. This project seeks to situate a serious game within the area of personality psychology research with the aim of developing a tool that aids the identification and elicitation of personality information from individuals. This thesis describes the exploratory process of adapting an established theoretical framework into the design process of a serious game and the challenges that arise from such an endeavour. A serious game is described, developed, and preliminarily tested in order to evaluate the design and implementation process of the video game tool. The research thus highlights several lessons learned during this process which will be able to be applied to future serious game development in order to create better tools that are more grounded in theory.
On Longevity of I-ball/Oscillon
Creators: name: Mukaida, Kyohei
name: Takimoto, Masahiro
name: Yamada, Masaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study I-balls/oscillons, which are long-lived, quasi-periodic, and spatially localized solutions in real scalar field theories. Contrary to the case of Q-balls, there is no evident conserved charge that stabilizes the localized configuration. Nevertheless, in many classical numerical simulations, it has been shown that they are extremely long-lived. In this paper, we clarify the reason for the longevity, and show how the exponential separation of time scales emerges dynamically. Those solutions are time-periodic with a typical frequency of a mass scale of a scalar field. This observation implies that they can be understood by the effective theory after integrating out relativistic modes. We find that the resulting effective theory has an approximate global U(1) symmetry reflecting an approximate number conservation in the non-relativistic regime. As a result, the profile of those solutions is obtained via the bounce method, just like Q-balls, as long as the breaking of the U(1) symmetry is small enough. We then discuss the decay processes of the I-ball/oscillon by the breaking of the U(1) symmetry, namely the production of relativistic modes via number violating processes. We show that the imaginary part is exponentially suppressed, which explains the extraordinary longevity of I-ball/oscillon. In addition, we find that there are some attractor behaviors during the evolution of I-ball/oscillon that further enhance the lifetime. The validity of our effective theory is confirmed by classical numerical simulations. Our formalism may also be useful to study condensates of ultra light bosonic dark matter, such as fuzzy dark matter, and axion stars, for instance.
description: 31 pages, 8 figures; v2: typos fixed, published version; v3: typos in the figures fixed
Introducing Time-dependent Molecular Fields: Derivation of the Wave Equations
Creators: name: Baer, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article is part of a series of articles trying to establish the concept Molecular Field. The theory that induced us to introduce this novel concept is based on the Born-Huang expansion as applied to the Schroedinger equation that describes the interaction of a molecular system with an external electric field. Assuming the molecular system is made up of two coupled adiabatic states the theory leads from a single spatial Curl Equation, two space-time Curl equations and one single space-time Divergent equation to a pair of decoupled Wave Equations usually encountered within the theory of fields. In the present study the Wave Equations are derived for an external field having two features: (a) its intensity is high enough; (b) its duration is short enough. For this situation the study reveals that the just described interaction creates two fields that coexist within a molecule: one is a novel vectorial field formed via the interaction of the external field with the Born-Huang non-adiabatic coupling terms (NACT) and the other is an ordinary, scalar, electric field essentially identical to the original external field. Part of the present study is devoted to the visualization of the outcomes via two intersecting Jahn-Teller cones which contain NACTs that become singular at their intersection point, also known as the point of Conical Intersection. This description is reminiscent of a metaphoric cosmic Black-Hole which swallows one type of an electric field and creates a new type. Finally, the fact that eventually we are facing a kind of a cosmic situation may bring us to speculate that singular NACTs are a result of cosmic phenomena. Thus, if indeed this singularity is somehow connected to reality then, like other singularities in physics, it is formed at (or immediately after) the Big Bang (and because of that, eventually the ability to form molecules).
(500511) Francis Gledtall
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Second-order topological superconductor via noncollinear magnetic texture
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Pritam
name: Ghosh, Arnob Kumar
name: Nandy, Ashis K.
name: Saha, Arijit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We put forth a theoretical framework for engineering a two-dimensional (2D) second-order topological superconductor (SOTSC) by utilizing a heterostructure: incorporating noncollinear magnetic textures between an $s$-wave superconductor and a 2D quantum spin Hall insulator. It stabilizes the higher order topological superconducting phase, resulting in Majorana corner modes (MCMs) at four corners of a 2D domain. The calculated non-zero quadrupole moment characterizes the bulk topology. Subsequently, through a unitary transformation, an effective low-energy Hamiltonian reveals the effects of magnetic textures, resulting in an effective in-plane Zeeman field and spin-orbit coupling. This approach provides a qualitative depiction of the topological phase, substantiated by numerical validation within exact real-space model. Analytically calculated effective pairings in the bulk illuminate the microscopic behavior of the SOTSC. The comprehension of MCM emergence is supported by a low-energy edge theory, which is attributed to the interplay between effective pairings of $(p_x + p_y)$-type and $(p_x + i p_y)$-type. Our extensive study paves the way for practically attaining the SOTSC phase by integrating noncollinear magnetic textures.
description: This is the published version
Accelerating Science with Generative Adversarial Networks: An Application to 3D Particle Showers in Multi-Layer Calorimeters
Creators: name: Paganini, Michela
name: de Oliveira, Luke
name: Nachman, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Physicists at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) rely on detailed simulations of particle collisions to build expectations of what experimental data may look like under different theory modeling assumptions. Petabytes of simulated data are needed to develop analysis techniques, though they are expensive to generate using existing algorithms and computing resources. The modeling of detectors and the precise description of particle cascades as they interact with the material in the calorimeter are the most computationally demanding steps in the simulation pipeline. We therefore introduce a deep neural network-based generative model to enable high-fidelity, fast, electromagnetic calorimeter simulation. There are still challenges for achieving precision across the entire phase space, but our current solution can reproduce a variety of particle shower properties while achieving speed-up factors of up to 100,000$\times$. This opens the door to a new era of fast simulation that could save significant computing time and disk space, while extending the reach of physics searches and precision measurements at the LHC and beyond.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures; version accepted by Physical Review Letters (PRL)
Probing dark sector fermions in Higgs precision studies and direct searches
Creators: name: Freitas, Ayres
name: Song, Qian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate the discovery prospect of simplified fermionic dark sectors models through Higgs precision measurements at $e^+e^-$ colliders and direct searches at hadron colliders. These models extend the Standard Model with two Majorana or Dirac fermions that are singlets, doublets or triplets under the weak SU(2) group. For all models, we consider two scenarios where the lightest new fermion is either stable, or where it decays into other visible final states. For the Higgs precision observables we primarily focus on $σ(e^+e^-\to ZH)$, which can deviate from the Standard Model through one-loop corrections involving the new fermions. Deviations of 0.5\% or more, which could be observable at future $e^+e^-$ colliders, are found for TeV-scale dark sector masses. By combining the constraints from the oblique parameters, $\text{Br}(H\toγγ)$, and direct production of the new fermions at the LHC, a comprehensive understanding of the discovery potential of these models can be achieved. In both scenarios, there exist some parameter regions where the Higgs precision measurements can provide complementary information to direct LHC searches.
description: 28 pages, 15 figures; update: add 2 references and 1 table
title: Lived experiences and the design implications for living and dying with dementia in residential aged care facilities
Creators: name: Kennedy, KT
Publisher: name: University of Tasmania
Year: 2019

description: There has been a significant increase in age-related diseases, particularly dementia. By necessity, people with dementia spend most of their time in one setting, typically a Residential Aged Care Facility (RACF), as the requirements of care exceed the resources of most families. With increased environmental sensitivities and dependence on the environment to support their diminished cognition appropriate design of RACFs becomes a critical factor in promoting well-being. The developing body of research on the design of environments for people with dementia is largely empirical, focused on mid-stage dementia, and on managing behavioural and clinical issues with minimal direct input from the perspective of people with dementia. Framed by hermeneutic phenomenology, this study explores the influence of the design of RACF built environments for people living with late stage dementia. Through collaboratively interpreted stories in an immersive case study setting, it interrogates the lived experiences of people with dementia, their families, and staff. These stories reveal the complex and at times, paradoxical construction of RACFs as both hospital and home, in addition to their unspoken and often unacknowledged role as places to die. I argue that rather than ‘homes’, RACFs need to be reconceptualised as hybrid places for the living and dying that anticipate and support the lived experiences of all those in the care triad. This requires the development of a new typology situated between the hospital, home and hospice and a paradigm shift in design thinking, practice, and policy aligned with the shifting landscape towards reciprocal models of care. Central to this transformation is recognition of the rights, value, and capacity of people with late-stage dementia to provide insights into their experiences of the world-of-being-inaged-care. The sensitively designed, collaborative, and inclusive approach in this study goes some way to identifying processes and procedures to enable their meaningful participation in future research and design projects.
(500514) Annie Robinson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Identifying topology of leaky photonic lattices with machine learning
Creators: name: Smolina, Ekaterina O.
name: Smirnov, Lev A.
name: Leykam, Daniel
name: Nori, Franco
name: Smirnova, Daria A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We show how machine learning techniques can be applied for the classification of topological phases in leaky photonic lattices using limited measurement data. We propose an approach based solely on bulk intensity measurements, thus exempt from the need for complicated phase retrieval procedures. In particular, we design a fully connected neural network that accurately determines topological properties from the output intensity distribution in dimerized waveguide arrays with leaky channels, after propagation of a spatially localized initial excitation at a finite distance, in a setting that closely emulates realistic experimental conditions.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Positive speed self-avoiding walks on graphs with more than one end
Creators: name: Li, Zhongyang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A self-avoiding walk (SAW) is a path on a graph that visits each vertex at most once. The mean square displacement of an $n$-step SAW is the expected value of the square of the distance between the ending point and the starting point of an $n$-step SAW, where the expectation is taken with respect to the uniform measure on $n$-step SAWs starting from a fixed vertex. It is conjectured that the mean square displacement of an $n$-step SAW is asymptotically $n^{2ν}$, where $ν$ is a constant. Computing the exact values of the exponent $ν$ on various graphs has been a challenging problem in mathematical and scientific research for long. In this paper we show that on any locally finite Cayley graph of an infinite, finitely-generated group with more than two ends, the number of SAWs whose end-to-end distances are linear in lengths has the same exponential growth rate as the number of all the SAWs. We also prove that for any infinite, finitely-generated group with more than one end, there exists a locally finite Cayley graph on which SAWs have positive speed - this implies that the mean square displacement exponent $ν=1$ on such graphs. These results are obtained by proving more general theorems for SAWs on quasi-transitive graphs with more than one end, which make use of a variation of Kesten's pattern theorem in a surprising way, as well as the Stalling's splitting theorem. Applications include proving that SAWs have positive speed on the square grid in an infinite cylinder, and on the infinite free product graph of two connected, quasi-transitive graphs.
Graph Embedding Techniques, Applications, and Performance: A Survey
Creators: name: Goyal, Palash
name: Ferrara, Emilio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Graphs, such as social networks, word co-occurrence networks, and communication networks, occur naturally in various real-world applications. Analyzing them yields insight into the structure of society, language, and different patterns of communication. Many approaches have been proposed to perform the analysis. Recently, methods which use the representation of graph nodes in vector space have gained traction from the research community. In this survey, we provide a comprehensive and structured analysis of various graph embedding techniques proposed in the literature. We first introduce the embedding task and its challenges such as scalability, choice of dimensionality, and features to be preserved, and their possible solutions. We then present three categories of approaches based on factorization methods, random walks, and deep learning, with examples of representative algorithms in each category and analysis of their performance on various tasks. We evaluate these state-of-the-art methods on a few common datasets and compare their performance against one another. Our analysis concludes by suggesting some potential applications and future directions. We finally present the open-source Python library we developed, named GEM (Graph Embedding Methods, available at https://github.com/palash1992/GEM), which provides all presented algorithms within a unified interface to foster and facilitate research on the topic.
description: Submitted to Knowledge Based Systems for review
Impact of non-Markovian quantum Brownian motion on quantum batteries
Creators: name: Bhanja, Gourab
name: Tiwari, Devvrat
name: Banerjee, Subhashish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, there has been an upsurge of interest in quantum thermodynamic devices, notably quantum batteries. Quantum batteries serve as energy storage devices governed by the rules of quantum thermodynamics. Here, we propose a model of a quantum battery wherein the system of interest can be envisaged as a battery, and the ambient environment acts as a charger (dissipation) mechanism, modeled along the ubiquitous quantum Brownian motion. We employ quantifiers like ergotropy and its (in)-coherent manifestations, as well as instantaneous and average powers, to characterize the performance of the quantum battery. We investigate the influence of the bath's temperature and the system's coupling with the environment via momentum and position coordinates on the discharging and recharging dynamics. Moreover, we probe the memory effects of the system's dynamics and obtain a relationship between the system's non-Markovian evolution and the battery's recharging process.
description: 9 pages and 6 figures
Exact Boson-Fermion Duality on a 3D Euclidean Lattice
Creators: name: Chen, Jing-Yuan
name: Son, Jun Ho
name: Wang, Chao
name: Raghu, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The idea of statistical transmutation plays a crucial role in descriptions of the fractional quantum Hall effect. However, a recently conjectured duality between a critical boson and a massless 2-component Dirac fermion extends this notion to gapless systems. This duality sheds light on highly non-trivial problems such as the half-filled Landau level, the superconductor-insulator transition, and surface states of strongly coupled topological insulators. Although this boson-fermion duality has undergone many consistency checks, it has remained unproven. We describe the duality in a non-perturbative fashion using an exact UV mapping of partition functions on a 3D Euclidean lattice.
description: v2: typos fixed, some discussions clarified
(500516) Mary Ann Hammond
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Cubical rigidification, the cobar construction, and the based loop space
Creators: name: Rivera, Manuel
name: Zeinalian, Mahmoud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove the following generalization of a classical result of Adams: for any pointed and connected topological space $(X,b)$, that is not necessarily simply connected, the cobar construction of the differential graded (dg) coalgebra of normalized singular chains in $X$ with vertices at $b$ is weakly equivalent as a differential graded associative algebra (dga) to the singular chains on the Moore based loop space of $X$ at $b$. We deduce this statement from several more general categorical results of independent interest. We construct a functor $\mathfrak{C}_{\square_c}$ from simplicial sets to categories enriched over cubical sets with connections which, after triangulation of their mapping spaces, coincides with Lurie's rigidification functor $\mathfrak{C}$ from simplicial sets to simplicial categories. Taking normalized chains of the mapping spaces of $\mathfrak{C}_{\square_c}$ yields a functor $Λ$ from simplicial sets to dg categories which is the left adjoint to the dg nerve functor. For any simplicial set $S$ with $S_0=\{x\}$, $Λ(S)(x,x)$ is a dga isomorphic to $ΩQ_Δ(S)$, the cobar construction on the dg coalgebra $Q_Δ(S)$ of normalized chains on $S$. We use these facts to show that $Q_Δ$ sends categorical equivalences between simplicial sets to maps of connected dg coalgebras which induce quasi-isomorphisms of dga's under the cobar functor.
description: Edits made mostly regarding exposition. Some references have been added. A typo in the title was fixed
Limits to predictability of the asymptotic state of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation in a conceptual climate model
Creators: name: Mehling, Oliver
name: Börner, Reyk
name: Lucarini, Valerio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Anticipating critical transitions in the Earth system is of great societal relevance, yet there may be intrinsic limitations to their predictability. For instance, from the theory of dynamical systems possessing multiple chaotic attractors, it is known that the asymptotic state depends sensitively on the initial condition in the proximity of a fractal basin boundary. Here, we approach the problem of final-state sensitivity of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) using a conceptual climate model, composed of a slow bistable ocean coupled to a fast chaotic atmosphere. First, we explore the occurrence of long chaotic transients in the monostable regime, which can mask a loss of stability near bifurcations. In the bistable regime, we explicitly construct the chaotic saddle using the edge tracking technique. Quantifying the final-state sensitivity through the maximum Lyapunov exponent and the lifetime of the saddle, we find that the system exhibits a fractal basin boundary with almost full phase space dimension, implying vanishing predictability of the second kind near the basin boundary. Our results demonstrate the usefulness of studying non-attracting chaotic sets in the context of predicting climatic tipping points, and provide guidance for the interpretation of higher-dimensional models such as general circulation models.
(500515) Edward Augustine Storer
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Universality and scaling laws in the cascading failure model with healing
Creators: name: Stippinger, Marcell
name: Kertész, János
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cascading failures may lead to dramatic collapse in interdependent networks, where the breakdown takes place as a discontinuity of the order parameter. In the cascading failure (CF) model with healing there is a control parameter which at some value suppresses the discontinuity of the order parameter. However, up to this value of the healing parameter the breakdown is a hybrid transition, meaning that, besides this first order character, the transition shows scaling too. In this paper we investigate the question of universality related to the scaling behavior. Recently we showed that the hybrid phase transition in the original CF model has two sets of exponents describing respectively the order parameter and the cascade statistics, which are connected by a scaling law. In the CF model with healing we measure these exponents as a function of the healing parameter. We find two universality classes: In the wide range below the critical healing value the exponents agree with those of the original model, while above this value the model displays trivial scaling meaning that fluctuations follow the central limit theorem.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures. This work was partially supported by H2020 FETPROACT-GSS CIMPLEX Grant No. 641191
Ground Truth Generation Algorithm for Medium-Frequency R-Mode Skywave Detection
Creators: name: Jeong, Suhui
name: Son, Pyo-Woong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: With the advancement of transportation vehicles, the importance and utility of navigation systems providing positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT) information have been increasing. Global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) are widely used navigation systems, but they are vulnerable to radio frequency interference (RFI), resulting in disruptions of satellite navigation signals. Recognizing this limitation, extensive research is being conducted on alternative navigation systems. In the maritime industry, ongoing research focuses on a groundbased integrated navigation system called R-Mode. R-Mode utilizes medium frequency (MF) differential GNSS (DGNSS) and very high-frequency data exchange system (VDES) signals as ranging signals for positioning and incorporates the existing ground-based navigation system known as enhanced long-range navigation (eLoran). However, MF R-Mode, which uses MF DGNSS signals for positioning, exhibits significant performance differences between daytime and nighttime due to skywave interference caused by signals reflecting off the ionosphere. In this study, we propose a skywave ground truth generation algorithm that is crucial for studying mitigation methods for MF R-Mode skywave interference. Furthermore, we demonstrate the proposed algorithm using field-test data.
description: Submitted to ICTC 2023
(500517) Isaac Newton
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.