cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
An alternative use of the NetLogo modeling environment, where the student thinks and acts like an Agent, in order to teach concepts of Ecology
Creators: name: Gkiolmas, Aristotelis
name: Chalkidis, Anthimos
name: Papaconstantinou, Maria
name: Iqbal, Zafar
name: Skordoulis, Constantine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Multi Agent Based programming, modeling and simulation environment of NetLogo has been used extensively during the last fifteen years for educational among other purposes. The learning subject, upon interacting with the Users Interface of NetLogo, can easily study properties of the simulated natural systems, as well as observe the latters response, when altering their parameters. In this research, NetLogo was used under the perspective that the learning subject (student or prospective teacher)interacts with the model in a deeper way, obtaining the role of an agent. This is not achieved by obliging the learner to program (write NetLogo code) but by interviewing them, together with applying the choices that they make on the model. The scheme was carried out, as part of a broader research, with interviews, and web page like interface menu selections, in a sample of 17 University students in Athens (prospective Primary School teachers) and the results were judged as encouraging. At a further stage, the computers were set as a network, where all the agents performed together. In this way the learners could watch onscreen the overall outcome of their choices and actions on the modeled ecosystem. This seems to open a new, small, area of research in NetLogo educational applications.
description: 9th Pan-Hellenic Conference with International Participation: "ICT's in Education" (HCICTE 2014) 3rd-5th October 2014, University of Crete, Rethymno, Greece
Learning Frequency-Specific Quantization Scaling in VVC for Standard-Compliant Task-driven Image Coding
Creators: name: Fischer, Kristian
name: Brand, Fabian
name: Herglotz, Christian
name: Kaup, André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: I.4.2

description: Today, visual data is often analyzed by a neural network without any human being involved, which demands for specialized codecs. For standard-compliant codec adaptations towards certain information sinks, HEVC or VVC provide the possibility of frequency-specific quantization with scaling lists. This is a well-known method for the human visual system, where scaling lists are derived from psycho-visual models. In this work, we employ scaling lists when performing VVC intra coding for neural networks as information sink. To this end, we propose a novel data-driven method to obtain optimal scaling lists for arbitrary neural networks. Experiments with Mask R-CNN as information sink reveal that coding the Cityscapes dataset with the proposed scaling lists result in peak bitrate savings of 8.9 % over VVC with constant quantization. By that, our approach also outperforms scaling lists optimized for the human visual system. The generated scaling lists can be found under https://github.com/FAU-LMS/VCM_scaling_lists.
description: Originally submitted at IEEE ICIP 2022
Low Temperature Relaxation of Donor Bound Electron Spins in Si 28: P
Creators: name: Sauter, E.
name: Abrosimov, N.V.
name: Hübner, J.
name: Oestreich, M.
Publisher: name: College Park, Md. : APS
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Magnetic fields
subject: Optical pumping
subject: Phonons
subject: Silicon
subject: Temperature distribution
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: We measure the spin-lattice relaxation of donor bound electrons in ultrapure, isotopically enriched, phosphorus-doped Si28:P. The optical pump-probe experiments reveal at low temperatures extremely long spin relaxation times which exceed 20 h. The Si28:P spin relaxation rate increases linearly with temperature in the regime below 1 K and shows a distinct transition to a T9 dependence which dominates the spin relaxation between 2 and 4 K at low magnetic fields. The T7 dependence reported for natural silicon is absent. At high magnetic fields, the spin relaxation is dominated by the magnetic field dependent single phonon spin relaxation process. This process is well documented for natural silicon at finite temperatures but the Si28:P measurements validate additionally that the bosonic phonon distribution leads at very low temperatures to a deviation from the linear temperature dependence of Γ as predicted by theory.
Prodromal Diagnosis of Lewy Body Diseases Based on the Assessment of Graphomotor and Handwriting Difficulties
Creators: name: Galaz, Zoltan
name: Mekyska, Jiri
name: Mucha, Jan
name: Zvoncak, Vojtech
name: Smekal, Zdenek
name: Faundez-Zanuy, Marcos
name: Brabenec, Lubos
name: Moravkova, Ivona
name: Rektorova, Irena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: To this date, studies focusing on the prodromal diagnosis of Lewy body diseases (LBDs) based on quantitative analysis of graphomotor and handwriting difficulties are missing. In this work, we enrolled 18 subjects diagnosed with possible or probable mild cognitive impairment with Lewy bodies (MCI-LB), 7 subjects having more than 50% probability of developing Parkinson's disease (PD), 21 subjects with both possible/probable MCI-LB and probability of PD > 50%, and 37 age- and gender-matched healthy controls (HC). Each participant performed three tasks: Archimedean spiral drawing (to quantify graphomotor difficulties), sentence writing task (to quantify handwriting difficulties), and pentagon copying test (to quantify cognitive decline). Next, we parameterized the acquired data by various temporal, kinematic, dynamic, spatial, and task-specific features. And finally, we trained classification models for each task separately as well as a model for their combination to estimate the predictive power of the features for the identification of LBDs. Using this approach we were able to identify prodromal LBDs with 74% accuracy and showed the promising potential of computerized objective and non-invasive diagnosis of LBDs based on the assessment of graphomotor and handwriting difficulties.
description: Print ISBN 978-3-031-19744-4
Bright Opportunities for Atmospheric Characterization of Small Planets: Masses and Radii of K2-3 b, c, and d and GJ3470 b from Radial Velocity Measurements and Spitzer Transits
Creators: name: Krick, J.
name: Delfosse, X.
name: Schlieder, J.E.
name: Crossfield, I.J.M.
name: Murgas, F.
name: Blunt, S.
name: Hirsch, L.A.
name: Howard, A.W.
name: Weiss, L.
name: Fors, O.
name: Isaacson, H.
name: Corbett, H.T.
name: Santos, N.C.
name: Lovis, C.
name: Law, N.M.
name: Gorjian, V.
name: Astudillo-Defru, N.
name: Mayor, M.
name: Ratzloff, J.K.
name: Berardo, D.
name: Howard, W.S.
name: Kosiarek, M.R.
name: Fulton, B.J.
name: Sinukoff, E.
name: Forveille, T.
name: Hardegree-Ullman, K.K.
name: Livingston, J.H.
name: Petigura, E.A.
name: Udry, S.
name: Pepe, F.
name: Ser, D.D.
name: Bonfils, X.
name: Werner, M.
name: Morales, F.Y.
name: Dressing, C.D.
name: Almenara, J.-M.
name: Knutson, H.A.
name: Benneke, B.
name: Henry, G.W.
Publisher: name: Institute of Physics Publishing
Year: 2019

description: We report improved masses, radii, and densities for four planets in two bright M-dwarf systems, K2-3 and GJ3470, derived from a combination of new radial velocity and transit observations. Supplementing K2 photometry with follow-up Spitzer transit observations refined the transit ephemerides of K2-3 b, c, and d by over a factor of 10. We analyze ground-based photometry from the Evryscope and Fairborn Observatory to determine the characteristic stellar activity timescales for our Gaussian Process fit, including the stellar rotation period and activity region decay timescale. The stellar rotation signals for both stars are evident in the radial velocity data and is included in our fit using a Gaussian process trained on the photometry. We find the masses of K2-3 b, K2-3 c, and GJ3470 b to be 6.48, 2.14, and 12.58 M ⊕, respectively. K2-3 d was not significantly detected and has a 3σ upper limit of 2.80 M ⊕ . These two systems are training cases for future TESS systems; due to the low planet densities (ρ < 3.7 g cm -3 ) and bright host stars (K < 9 mag), they are among the best candidates for transmission spectroscopy in order to characterize the atmospheric compositions of small planets.
Who may use scarce water? An expedition into the normative basis of sustainable decision-making norms for sustainable water use
Creators: name: Schlattmann, Anna
name: Teschner, Na'ama
name: Von Haaren, Christina
Publisher: name: London : IWA Publishing
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Assessment
subject: International standards
subject: Legitimacy
subject: Sustainability
subject: Water distribution
subject: Water governance
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::690 | Hausbau, Bauhandwerk

description: Water is becoming an increasingly contested resource. Today, the sustainability of water use is assessed with different indicator frameworks that usually refer to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) or other norms. Classifying international norms and the subsequent indicators for assessment according to their legitimacy will increase the practical relevance of assessment results. The classification will enable addressees to differentiate between mandatory obligations in water management and additional more ambitious targets for decisions on sustainable water distribution. This study presents 11 standards for sustainable water distribution which have been classified based on legitimacy and specificity. A literature review identified relevant international norms that were subsequently classified. Suggestions for the implementation of the standards and priorities in assessment methods are discussed. Through the new set of standards, assessment results can transparently be communicated to policymakers, NGOs and business and support them to identify their obligations for sustainable water use.
Overcoming Separation Between Counterparts Due to Unknown Proper Motions in Catalogue Cross-Matching
Creators: name: Wilson, Tom J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To perform precise and accurate photometric catalogue cross-matches -- assigning counterparts between two separate datasets -- we need to describe all possible sources of uncertainty in object position. With ever-increasing time baselines between observations, like 2MASS in 2001 and the next generation of surveys, such as the Vera C. Rubin Observatory's LSST, Euclid, and the Nancy Grace Roman telescope, it is crucial that we can robustly describe and model the effects of stellar motions on source positions in photometric catalogues. While Gaia has revolutionised astronomy with its high-precision astrometry, it will only provide motions for ~10% of LSST sources; additionally, LSST itself will not be able to provide high-quality motion information for sources below its single-visit depth, and other surveys may measure no motions at all. This leaves large numbers of objects with potentially significant positional drifts that may incorrectly lead matching algorithms to deem two detections too far separated on the sky to be counterparts. To overcome this, in this paper we describe a model for the statistical distribution of on-sky motions of sources of given sky coordinates and brightness, allowing for the cross-match process to take into account this extra potential separation between Galactic sources. We further detail how to fold these probabilistic proper motions into Bayesian cross-matching frameworks, such as those of Wilson & Naylor. This will vastly improve the recovery of e.g. very red objects across optical-infrared matches, and decrease the false match rate of photometric catalogue counterpart assignment.
description: 20 pages, 12 figures
First Principles Study of Metal Contacts to Monolayer Black Phosphorous
Creators: name: Chanana, Anuja
name: Mahapatra, Santanu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Atomically thin layered black phosphorous (BP) has recently appeared as an alternative to the transitional metal di chalcogenides for future channel material in a MOS transistor due to its lower carrier effective mass. Investigation of the electronic property of source/drain contact involving metal and two-dimensional material is essential as it impacts the transistor performance. In this paper we perform a systematic and rigorous study to evaluate the Ohmic nature of the side-contact formed by the monolayer BP (mBP) and metals (gold, titanium and palladium), which are commonly used in experiments. Employing the Density Functional Theory (DFT), we analyse the potential barrier, charge transfer and atomic orbital overlap at the metal-mBP interface in an optimized structure to understand how efficiently carriers could be injected from metal contact to the mBP channel. Our analysis shows that gold forms a Schottky contact with a higher tunnel barrier at the interface in comparison to the titanium and palladium. mBP contact with palladium is found to be purely Ohmic, where as titanium contact demonstrates an intermediate behaviour.
description: 10 Pages 13 Figures Accepted in Journal Of Applied Physics
Hypoxylon ochraceotuberosum and Hypoxylon rickii (Ascomycota, Hypoxylaceae) in Las Yungas of Salta province, Northwest of Argentina
Creators: name: Medina, Patricia Del Valle
name: Kuhnert, Eric
name: Hladki, Adriana Inés
name: Sir, Esteban Benjamín
Publisher: name: Rio de Janeiro : Inst.
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neotropics
subject: Nodulisporium-like
subject: Sordariomycetes
subject: Virgariella-like
subject: Xylariales
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::580 | Pflanzen (Botanik)
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::630 | Landwirtschaft, Veterinärmedizin

description: Hypoxylon ochraceotuberosum and H. rickii are reported for the first time for the Argentinean funga based on recently collected specimens from the northwestern montane forest. Until now, H. ochraceotuberosum has only been known to occur in the Martinique (French West Indies). In contrast, H. rickii was already recorded for the Southern Cone, but based on specimens collected in the Atlantic Rain Forests from Southeast Brazil. Detailed descriptions and photo illustrations are provided for each species.
Secure Middlebox-Assisted QUIC
Creators: name: Kosek, Mike
name: Spies, Benedikt
name: Ott, Jörg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: While the evolution of the Internet was driven by the end-to-end model, it has been challenged by many flavors of middleboxes over the decades. Yet, the basic idea is still fundamental: reliability and security are usually realized end-to-end, where the strong trend towards ubiquitous traffic protection supports this notion. However, reasons to break up, or redefine the ends of, end-to-end connections have always been put forward in order to improve transport layer performance. Yet, the consolidation of the transport layer with the end-to-end security model as introduced by QUIC protects most protocol information from the network, thereby eliminating the ability to modify protocol exchanges. In this paper, we enhance QUIC to selectively expose information to intermediaries, thereby enabling endpoints to consciously insert middleboxes into an end-to-end encrypted QUIC connection while preserving its privacy, integrity, and authenticity. We evaluate our design in a distributed Performance Enhancing Proxy environment over satellite networks, finding that the performance improvements are dependent on the path and application layer properties: the higher the round-trip time and loss, and the more data is transferred over a connection, the higher the benefits of Secure Middlebox-Assisted QUIC.
Globular clusters as indicators of Galactic evolution
Creators: name: Arakelyan, N. R.
name: Pilipenko, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the system of globular clusters (GCs) that formed in other galaxies and eventually accreted onto the Milky Way. Thus, the samples of GCs belonging to different tidal streams, obtained on the basis of the latest data from the Gaia observatory, were taken from the literature. We measured the anisotropy of the distribution of these GCs using the gyration tensor and found that the distribution of GCs in the streams is isotropic. Nevertheless, it can be seen that some of the accreted GCs included into existing samples actually belong to the disk of the Galaxy. To clarify the origin of GCs, we investigated the ``age--metallicity'' relation. This dependence demonstrates bimodality and its two different branches clearly show the difference between the clusters formed in the streams and in the disk of the Galaxy. Furthermore, we have studied the influence of the large--scale environment of the Galaxy (i.e., the Local Supercluster) on the distribution of satellite galaxies and Galactic GCs. The satellite galaxies of the Milky Way are known to form an anisotropic planar structure, so we included them in our analysis too. An inspection has shown that the plane of the satellite galaxies is perpendicular both to the disk of the Galaxy and the supergalactic plane. For GCs more distant than 100~Kpc, a similar picture is observed.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures
Towards a performance analysis on pre-trained Visual Question Answering models for autonomous driving
Creators: name: Rekanar, Kaavya
name: Eising, Ciarán
name: Sistu, Ganesh
name: Hayes, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This short paper presents a preliminary analysis of three popular Visual Question Answering (VQA) models, namely ViLBERT, ViLT, and LXMERT, in the context of answering questions relating to driving scenarios. The performance of these models is evaluated by comparing the similarity of responses to reference answers provided by computer vision experts. Model selection is predicated on the analysis of transformer utilization in multimodal architectures. The results indicate that models incorporating cross-modal attention and late fusion techniques exhibit promising potential for generating improved answers within a driving perspective. This initial analysis serves as a launchpad for a forthcoming comprehensive comparative study involving nine VQA models and sets the scene for further investigations into the effectiveness of VQA model queries in self-driving scenarios. Supplementary material is available at https://github.com/KaavyaRekanar/Towards-a-performance-analysis-on-pre-trained-VQA-models-for-autonomous-driving.
Follow-up Imaging of Disk Candidates from the Disk Detective Citizen Science Project: New Discoveries and False Positives in WISE Circumstellar Disk Surveys
Creators: name: Riddle, R.
name: Hamilton, J.
name: Debes, J.H.
name: Teske, J.K.
name: Bosch, M.K.D.
name: Bans, A.S.
name: Burns-Kaurin, E.
name: Baranec, C.
name: Doll, K.
name: Cernohous, T.
name: Hyogo, M.
name: Silverberg, S.M.
name: Durantini Luca, H.A.
name: Kuchner, M.J.
name: Lau, L.
name: Law, N.
name: Wisniewski, J.P.
name: Finnemann, J.J.S.
name: Kenyon, S.J.
name: Disk Detective Collaboration
Publisher: name: Institute of Physics Publishing
Year: 2018

description: The Disk Detective citizen science project aims to find new stars with excess 22 μm emission from circumstellar dust in the AllWISE data release from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer. We evaluated 261 Disk Detective objects of interest with imaging with the Robo-AO adaptive optics instrument on the 1.5 m telescope at Palomar Observatory and with RetroCam on the 2.5 m du Pont Telescope at Las Campanas Observatory to search for background objects at 0.″15-12″ separations from each target. Our analysis of these data leads us to reject 7% of targets. Combining this result with statistics from our online image classification efforts implies that at most 7.9% ± 0.2% of AllWISE-selected infrared excesses are good disk candidates. Applying our false-positive rates to other surveys, we find that the infrared excess searches of McDonald et al. and Marton et al. all have false-positive rates >70%. Moreover, we find that all 13 disk candidates in Theissen & West with W4 signal-to-noise ratio >3 are false positives. We present 244 disk candidates that have survived vetting by follow-up imaging. Of these, 213 are newly identified disk systems. Twelve of these are candidate members of comoving pairs based on Gaia astrometry, supporting the hypothesis that warm dust is associated with binary systems. We also note the discovery of 22 μm excess around two known members of the Scorpius-Centaurus association, and we identify known disk host WISEA J164540.79-310226.6 as a likely Sco-Cen member. Thirty of these disk candidates are closer than ∼125 pc (including 26 debris disks), making them good targets for both direct-imaging exoplanet searches.
Remember me? The role of gender and racial attributes in memory
Creators: name: Belot, Michèle
name: Schröder, Marina
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Discrimination
subject: Experiment
subject: Gender
subject: Memory
subject: Race
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie

description: Remembering people is at the core of many social and economic relationships. We present evidence of systematic biases in the way we remember people, based on two experiments. The first experiment is conducted in a real professional setting - academia. Participants of two academic conferences are asked to recall ‘who presented what’ a month after attending the conferences. The second experiment is a controlled version of the first. Participants are shown pictures of people, matched with the title of a paper. We exogenously vary the relative shares of women and non-white individuals. In both experiments, we find evidence that women and ethnic minorities are more likely to be remembered in settings where they are in a small minority. In contrast, they are more likely to be confused with each other when they are in larger fraction. These findings are in line with a theory of categorization. People with minority attributes appear to be “blended together.” We conjecture that these biases in remembering could have important implications for the formation of professional networks.
Magnetic fields of neutron stars in X-ray binaries
Creators: name: Revnivtsev, Mikhail
name: Mereghetti, Sandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A substantial fraction of the known neutron stars resides in X-ray binaries -- systems in which one compact object accretes matter from a companion star. Neutron stars in X-ray binaries have magnetic fields among the highest found in the Universe, spanning at least the range from $\sim10^8$ to several 10$^{13}$ G. The magnetospheres around these neutron stars have a strong influence on the accretion process, which powers most of their emission. The magnetic field intensity and geometry, are among the main factors responsible for the large variety of spectral and timing properties observed in the X-ray energy range, making these objects unique laboratories to study the matter behavior and the radiation processes in magnetic fields unaccessible on Earth. In this paper we review the main observational aspects related to the presence of magnetic fields in neutron star X-ray binaries and some methods that are used to estimate their strength.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, invited topical review, to be published in The Strongest Magnetic Fields in the Universe (Space Sciences Series of ISSI, Springer), Space Science Reviews, accepted
Stark Control of Electrons Across the Molecule-Semiconductor Interface
Creators: name: Garzón-Ramírez, Antonio J.
name: Franco, Ignacio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Controlling matter at the level of electrons using ultrafast laser sources represents an important challenge for science and technology. Recently we introduced a general laser control scheme (the Stark Control of Electrons at Interfaces or SCELI) based on the Stark effect that uses the subcycle structure of light to manipulate electron dynamics at semiconductor interfaces [{Phys. Rev. B \textbf{98}, 121305 (2018)}]. Here, we demonstrate that SCELI is also of general applicability in molecule-semiconductor interfaces. We do so by following the quantum dynamics induced by non-resonant few-cycle laser pulses of intermediate intensity (non-perturbative but non-ionizing) across model molecule-semiconductor interfaces of varying level alignments. We show that SCELI induces interfacial charge transfer regardless of the energy level alignment of the interface and even in situations where charge exchange is forbidden via resonant photoexcitation. We further show that the SCELI rate of charge transfer is faster than those offered by resonant photoexcitation routes as it is controlled by the subcycle structure of light. The results underscore the general applicability of SCELI to manipulate electron dynamics at interfaces on ultrafast timescales.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Computational insights into electrochemical cross-coupling of quaternary borate salts
Creators: name: Matz, Florian
name: Music, Arif
name: Didier, Dorian
name: Jagau, Thomas‐C.
Publisher: name: Weinheim : Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co KGaA
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: Cross-coupling reactions for C–C bond formation represent a cornerstone of organic synthesis. In most cases, they make use of transition metals, which has several downsides. Recently, metal-free alternatives relying on electrochemistry have gained interest. One example of such a reaction is the oxidation of tetraorganoborate salts that initiates aryl–aryl and aryl–alkenyl couplings with promising selectivities. This work investigates the mechanism of this reaction computationally using density functional and coupled-cluster theory. The calculations reveal a distinct difference between aryl–alkenyl and aryl–aryl couplings: While C–C bond formation occurs irreversibly and without an energy barrier if an alkenyl residue is involved, many intermediates can be identified in aryl–aryl couplings. In the latter case, intramolecular transitions between reaction paths leading to different products are possible. Based on the energy differences between these intermediates, a kinetic model to estimate product distributions for aryl–aryl couplings is developed.
A New Look at an Old Cluster: The Membership, Rotation, and Magnetic Activity of Low-mass Stars in the 1.3 Gyr Old Open Cluster NGC 752
Creators: name: Ahmadi, A.
name: Kundert, A.
name: Cargile, P.A.
name: Arce, H.G.
name: Douglas, S.T.
name: Bochanski, J.
name: Law, N.M.
name: Kraus, A.
name: Agüeros, M.A.
name: Covey, K.R.
name: Bowsher, E.C.
Publisher: name: Institute of Physics Publishing
Year: 2018

description: The nearby open cluster NGC 752 presents a rare opportunity to study stellar properties at ages >1 Gyr. However, constructing a membership catalog for it is challenging; most surveys have been limited to identifying its giants and dwarf members earlier than mid-K. We supplement past membership catalogs with candidates selected with updated photometric and proper-motion criteria, generating a list of 258 members, a >50% increase over previous catalogs. Using a Bayesian framework to fit MESA Isochrones & Stellar Tracks evolutionary models to literature photometry and the Tycho-Gaia Astrometric Solution data available for 59 cluster members, we infer the age of and distance to NGC 752: 1.34 ± 0.06 Gyr and pc. We also report the results of our optical monitoring of the cluster using the Palomar Transient Factory. We obtain rotation periods for 12 K and M cluster members, the first periods measured for such low-mass stars with a well-constrained age >1 Gyr. We compare these new periods to data from the younger clusters Praesepe and NGC 6811, and to a theoretical model for angular momentum loss, to examine stellar spin-down for low-mass stars over their first 1.3 Gyr. While on average NGC 752 stars are rotating more slowly than their younger counterparts, the difference is not significant. Finally, we use our spectroscopic observations to measure Hα for cluster stars, finding that members earlier than ≈M2 are magnetically inactive, as expected at this age. Forthcoming Gaia data should solidify and extend the membership of NGC 752 to lower masses, thereby increasing its importance for studies of low-mass stars.
Convection-adapted BEM-based FEM
Creators: name: Hofreither, Clemens
name: Langer, Ulrich
name: Weißer, Steffen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65N30, 65N38

description: We present a new discretization method for homogeneous convection-diffusion-reaction boundary value problems in 3D that is a non-standard finite element method with PDE-harmonic shape functions on polyhedral elements. The element stiffness matrices are constructed by means of local boundary element techniques. Our method, which we refer to as a BEM-based FEM, can therefore be considered a local Trefftz method with element-wise (locally) PDE-harmonic shape functions. The Dirichlet boundary data for these shape functions is chosen according to a convection-adapted procedure which solves projections of the PDE onto the edges and faces of the elements. This improves the stability of the discretization method for convection-dominated problems both when compared to a standard FEM and to previous BEM-based FEM approaches, as we demonstrate in several numerical experiments.
Theory of anomalous Hall effect in transition-metal pentatelluride $\mathrm{ZrTe}_{5}$ and $\mathrm{HfTe}_{5}$
Creators: name: Wang, Huan-Wen
name: Fu, Bo
name: Shen, Shun-Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The anomalous Hall effect has considerable impact on the progress of condensed matter physics and occurs in systems with time-reversal symmetry breaking. Here we theoretically investigate the anomalous Hall effect in nonmagnetic transition-metal pentatelluride $\mathrm{ZrTe_{5}}$ and $\mathrm{HfTe}_{5}$. In the presence of Zeeman splitting and Dirac mass, there is an intrinsic anomalous Hall conductivity induced by the Berry curvature in the semiclassical treatment. In a finite magnetic field, the anomalous Hall conductivity rapidly decays to zero for constant spin-splitting and vanishes for the magnetic-field-dependent Zeeman energy. A semiclassical formula is derived to depict the magnetic field dependence of the Hall conductivity, which is beneficial for experimental data analysis. Lastly, when the chemical potential is fixed in the magnetic field, a Hall conductivity plateau arises, which may account for the observed anomalous Hall effect in experiments.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, reference information is updated
The First Naked-eye Superflare Detected from Proxima Centauri
Creators: name: Corbett, H.
name: Howard, W.S.
name: Law, N.M.
name: Ratzloff, J.K.
name: Pietraallo, A.D.
name: Loyd, R.O.P.
name: Ziegler, C.
name: Goeke, E.E.
name: Del Ser, D.
name: Youngblood, A.
name: Haislip, J.
name: Tilley, M.A.
name: Shkolnik, E.L.
name: Fors, O.
Publisher: name: Institute of Physics Publishing
Year: 2018

description: Proxima b is a terrestrial-mass planet in the habitable zone of Proxima Centauri. Proxima Centauri's high stellar activity, however, casts doubt on the habitability of Proxima b: sufficiently bright and frequent flares and any associated proton events may destroy the planet's ozone layer, allowing lethal levels of UV flux to reach its surface. In 2016 March, the Evryscope observed the first naked-eye-brightness superflare detected from Proxima Centauri. Proxima increased in optical flux by a factor of ∼68 during the superflare and released a bolometric energy of 1033.5 erg, ∼10× larger than any previously detected flare from Proxima. Over the last two years the Evryscope has recorded 23 other large Proxima flares ranging in bolometric energy from 1030.6 to 1032.4 erg; coupling those rates with the single superflare detection, we predict that at least five superflares occur each year. Simultaneous high-resolution High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher (HARPS) spectroscopy during the Evryscope superflare constrains the superflare's UV spectrum and any associated coronal mass ejections. We use these results and the Evryscope flare rates to model the photochemical effects of NOx atmospheric species generated by particle events from this extreme stellar activity, and show that the repeated flaring may be sufficient to reduce the ozone of an Earth-like atmosphere by 90% within five years; complete depletion may occur within several hundred kyr. The UV light produced by the Evryscope superflare would therefore have reached the surface with ∼100× the intensity required to kill simple UV-hardy microorganisms, suggesting that life would have to undergo extreme adaptations to survive in the surface areas of Proxima b exposed to these flares.
Effect of nonadiabatic electronic-vibrational interactions on the transport properties of single-molecule junctions
Creators: name: Erpenbeck, A.
name: Härtle, R.
name: Thoss, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interaction between electronic and vibrational degrees of freedom in single-molecule junctions may result from the dependence of the electronic energies or the electronic states of the molecular bridge on the nuclear displacement. The latter mechanism leads to a direct coupling between different electronic states and is referred to as nonadiabatic electronic-vibrational coupling. Employing a perturbative nonequilibrium Green's function approach, we study the influence of nonadiabatic electronic-vibrational coupling in model molecular junctions. Thereby we distinguish between systems with well separated and quasi-degenerate electronic levels. The results show that the nonadiabatic electronic-vibrational interaction can have a significant influence on the transport properties. The underlying mechanisms, in particular the difference between nonadiabatic and adiabatic electronic-vibrational coupling, are analyzed in some detail.
Disentangle the price dispersion of residential solar photovoltaic systems: Evidence from Germany
Creators: name: Kraschewski, Tobias
name: Brauner, Tim
name: Heumann, Maximilian
name: Breitner, Michael H.
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Hedonic model
subject: Price dispersion
subject: Quantile regression
subject: Quote data
subject: Residential solar PV
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Although Germany has the largest capacity of installed residential photovoltaic (PV) systems in Europe, comprehensive evidence on transparent pricing information remains missing. This study disentangles why PV quote prices are subject to significant dispersion and analyzes which factors influence particularly low- and high-priced systems in Germany. We create a comprehensive cross-sectional dataset of 19 561 PV system quotes from 2011 to 2022 and use regression analyses to investigate the effects of system characteristics, installation scope, and location-related parameters on quoted prices. Our results reveal highly volatile annual price dispersion consistent over 11 years and large price differences despite similar system characteristics. Applying hedonic regression techniques, we reveal spatially fine-resolved price heterogeneity with up to 20 % difference in the German PV market. System characteristics such as battery usage, installation scope, and system capacity have the most significant effect sizes and are instead control variables. More insightful, the installer density shows price-lowering effects, whereas more PV installations per region, higher solar radiation, and higher labor wages cause price-increasing effects. Quantile regression results reveal that installer density promotes the price reduction of high-priced systems more. Scaffolding, AC installation, and elevation are significant price-increasing factors but with small effect sizes. Finally, DC optimizers affect the levels of high-priced systems more than low-priced ones.
Unprecedented studies of the low-energy negatively charged kaons interactions in nuclear matter by AMADEUS
Creators: name: Curceanu, C.
name: Piscicchia, K.
name: Bazzi, M.
name: Berucci, C.
name: Bosnar, D.
name: Bragadireanu, A. M.
name: Clozza, A.
name: Cargnelli, M.
name: D'uffizi, A.
name: Fabbietti, L.
name: Fiorini, C.
name: Ghio, F.
name: Guaraldo, C.
name: Iliescu, M.
name: Sandri, P. Levi
name: Marton, J.
name: Pietreanu, D.
name: Lener, M. Poli
name: Quaglia, R.
name: Vidal, A. Romero
name: Sbardella, E.
name: Scordo, A.
name: Shi, H.
name: Sirghi, D.
name: Sirghi, F.
name: Skurzok, M.
name: Tucakovic, I.
name: Doce, O. Vazquez
name: Widmann, E.
name: Zmeskal, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The AMADEUS experiment aims to provide unique quality data of $K^-$ hadronic interactions in light nuclear targets, in order to solve fundamental open questions in the non-perturbative strangeness QCD sector, like the controversial nature of the $Λ(1405)$ state, the yield of hyperon formation below threshold, the yield and shape of multi-nucleon $K^-$ absorption, processes which are intimately connected to the possible existence of exotic antikaon multi-nucleon clusters. AMADEUS takes advantage of the DA$Φ$NE collider, which provides a unique source of monochromatic low-momentum kaons and exploits the KLOE detector as an active target, in order to obtain excellent acceptance and resolution data for $K^-$ nuclear capture on H, ${}^4$He, ${}^{9}$Be and ${}^{12}$C, both at-rest and in-flight. During the second half of 2012 a successful data taking was performed with a dedicated pure carbon target implemented in the central region of KLOE, providing a high statistic sample of pure at-rest $K^-$ nuclear interactions. For the future dedicated setups involving cryogenic gaseous targets are under preparation.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
Existence result of the global attractor for a triply nonlinear thermistor problem
Creators: name: Ammi, Moulay Rchid Sidi
name: Dahi, Ibrahim
name: Hachimi, Abderrahmane El
name: Torres, Delfim F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35A01, 35A02, 46E35

description: We study the existence and uniqueness of a bounded weak solution for a triply nonlinear thermistor problem in Sobolev spaces. Furthermore, we prove the existence of an absorbing set and, consequently, the universal attractor.
description: This is a 19 pages preprint of a paper whose final and definite form is published in 'Moroccan J. of Pure and Appl. Anal. (MJPAA)', ISSN: Online 2351-8227 -- Print 2605-6364
Unconventional quantum criticality in a non-Hermitian extended Kitaev chain
Creators: name: Rahul, S
name: Roy, Nilanjan
name: Kumar, Ranjith R
name: Kartik, Y R
name: Sarkar, Sujit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the nature of quantum criticality and topological phase transitions near the critical lines obtained for the extended Kitaev chain with next nearest neighbor hopping parameters and non-Hermitian chemical potential. We surprisingly find multiple gap-less points, the locations of which in the momentum space can change along the critical line unlike the Hermitian counterpart. The interesting simultaneous occurrences of vanishing and sign flipping behavior by real and imaginary components, respectively of the lowest excitation is observed near the topological phase transition. Introduction of non- Hermitian factor leads to an isolated critical point instead of a critical line and hence, reduced number of multi-critical points as compared to the Hermitian case. The critical exponents obtained for the multi-critical and critical points show a very distinct behavior from the Hermitian case.
description: Suggestions and discussions are welcome
K2-140b - An eccentric 6.57 d transiting hot Jupiter in Virgo
Creators: name: Giles, H.A.C.
name: Jones, M.
name: Marmier, M.
name: Rojas, F.
name: Shporer, A.
name: Jenkins, J.S.
name: Jordán, A.
name: Baranec, C.
name: Duev, D.A.
name: Pantoja, B.
name: Armstrong, D.
name: Jensen-Clem, R.
name: Salama, M.
name: Bento, J.
name: Bayliss, D.
name: Rabus, M.
name: Lovis, C.
name: Riddle, R.
name: Collier Cameron, A.
name: Espinoza, N.
name: Law, N.M.
name: Blanco-Cuaresma, S.
name: Udry, S.
name: Soto, M.
name: Sefako, R.
name: Brahm, R.
name: Bouchy, F.
name: Cochran, W.D.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2018

description: We present the discovery of K2-140b, a P = 6.57 d Jupiter-mass (MP = 1.019 ± 0.070MJup) planet transiting a V = 12.5 (G5-spectral type) star in an eccentric orbit (e = 0.120-0.046 +0.056) detected using a combination of K2 photometry and ground-based observations. With a radius of 1.095 ± 0.018 RJup, the planet has a bulk density of 0.726 ± 0.062 ρJup. The host star has a [Fe/H] of 0.12 ± 0.045, and from the K2 light curve, we find a rotation period for the star of 16.3 ± 0.1 d. This discovery is the 9th hot Jupiter from K2 and highlights K2's ability to detect transiting giant planets at periods slightly longer than traditional, ground-based surveys. This planet is slightly inflated, but much less than others with similar incident fluxes. These are of interest for investigating the inflation mechanism of hot Jupiters.
Recommendations for economic evaluations of cell and gene therapies: a systematic literature review with critical appraisal
Creators: name: Toumi, Mondher
name: Dabbous, Omar
name: Aballéa, Samuel
name: Drummond, Michael F.
name: Schulenburg, Johann-Matthias Graf Von Der
name: Malone, Daniel C.
name: Neumann, Peter J.
name: Sullivan, Sean D.
name: Tunis, Sean
Publisher: name: Abingdon : Taylor & Francis Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cost-effectiveness analysis
subject: economic evaluation
subject: gene therapy
subject: health technology assessments
subject: health-related quality of life
subject: onasemnogene abeparvovec
subject: spinal muscular atrophy
subject: systematic literature review
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::380 | Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::610 | Medizin, Gesundheit

description: Objective: No consensus exists on the ideal methodology to evaluate the economic impact and value of new, potentially curative gene therapies. We aimed to identify and describe published methodologic recommendations for the economic evaluation of gene therapies and assess whether these recommendations have been applied in published evaluations. Methods: This study was conducted in three stages: a systematic literature review of methodologic recommendations for economic evaluation of gene therapies; an assessment of the appropriateness of recommendations; and a review to assess the degree to which the recommendations were applied in published evaluations. Results: A total of 2,888 references were screened, 83 articles were reviewed to assess eligibility, and 20 papers were included. Fifty recommendations were identified, and 21 reached consensus thresholds. Most evaluations were based on naive treatment comparisons and did not apply consensus recommendations. Innovative payment mechanisms for gene therapies were rarely considered. The only widely applied recommendations related to modeling choices and methods. Conclusions: Methodological recommendations for economic evaluations of gene therapies are generally not being followed. Assessing the applicability and impact of the recommendations from this study may facilitate the implementation of consensus recommendations in future evaluations.
A Measurement of Diffusion in 47 Tucanae
Creators: name: Heyl, Jeremy
name: Richer, Harvey B.
name: Antolini, Elisa
name: Goldsbury, Ryan
name: Kalirai, Jason
name: Parada, Javiera
name: Tremblay, Pier-Emmanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using images from the Hubble Space Telescope Wide-Field Camera 3, we measure the rate of diffusion of stars through the core of the globular cluster 47 Tucanae using a sample of young white dwarfs identified in these observations. This is the first direct measurement of diffusion due to gravitational relaxation. We find that the diffusion rate $κ\approx 10-13$ arcsecond$^2$ Myr$^{-1}$ is consistent with theoretical estimates of the relaxation time in the core of 47 Tucanae of about 70 Myr.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures, accept for publication in the Astrophysical Journal (added a short passage on blue stragglers descendants and corrected a minor typographical error in Eq. 15)
Quark mixing from Delta(6N^2) family symmetry
Creators: name: Ishimori, Hajime
name: King, Stephen F.
name: Okada, Hiroshi
name: Tanimoto, Morimitsu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a direct approach to quark mixing based on the discrete family symmetry Delta (6N^2) in which the Cabibbo angle is determined by a residual Z_2 times Z_2 subgroup to be $|V_{us}|=0.222521$, for $N$ being a multiple of 7. We propose a particular model in which unequal smaller quark mixing angles and CP phases may occur without breaking the residual Z_2 times Z_2 symmetry. We perform a numerical analysis of the model for $N=14$, where small Z_2 times Z_2 breaking effects of order 3% are allowed by model, allowing perfect agreement within the uncertainties of the experimentally determined best fit quark mixing values.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1403.4395