Toxomerus lacrymosus
Creators: name: Borges, Zuleica M.
name: Couri, Marcia S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Syrphidae
Toxomerus
Toxomerus lacrymosus

description: Toxomerus lacrymosus (Bigot)   
(Figs. 14, 53, 54, 55, 107, 108, 109)  
 Mesograpta lacrymosa Bigot, 1884: 107 (descr.)   
 Mesogramma lachrymosa Aldrich, 1905: 371 (mssp. lacrymosum and catalogue).   
 Toxomerus lacrymosus Kertész, 1910: 147 (cat. & n. comb.); Thompson et al., 1976: 51 (cat.).   
 Male. Head: face 1/3 as long as eye width, yellow, shiny except sparsely white pollinose and pilose laterally; gena black; frontal triangle yellow, white pilose; vertical triangle black, bronze pollinose, black pilose; occiput black, silver pollinose, with thick white pile, with a short row of brownish pile superiorly; antenna yellow, white pilose, arista brown.   
Thorax: postpronotum yellow; proepisternum black, white pollinose; proepimeron black; scutum black except broadly yellow laterally, bronze pollinose except for bluish-white pollinose medial vitta, yellow pilose; scutellum yellow, yellow pilose; anterior anepisternum black, long yellow pilose; posterior anepisternum black on anterior 1/2, bare, posterior ½ yellow, yellow pilose; katepisternum black except dorsal 1/3 yellow, dull, yellow pilose; anepimeron black; plumula yellow, calypter yellowish with yellowish fringe; posterior mesothoracic pleuron (katepimeron, meron, katatergum, anatergum and postscutellum) black, anatergum brownish posterodorsally; methatoracic pleuron yellow, except metaepisternum black; metasternum brown; halter yellow. Legs: pro- and mesocoxae black on basal 2/3, yellow apically, yellow pilose; metacoxa yellow, yellow pilose; trochanters yellow, yellow pilose; pro- and mesofemora yellow, yellow pilose; metafemur yellow except for black annulus on apical 1/3, yellow and black pilose; pro- and mesotibiae yellow, yellow pilose; metatibia yellow except for black annulus on basal 1/3, yellow pilose; pro- and mesotarsi yellow to brownish, yellow pilose; metatarsus brown, black pilose. Wing: hyaline, extensively bare, as follow: mostly of cells C, SC, R, BM, CuP, basal 2/3 of cell R1, basal 1/3 of cell R2+3 and anterior basal 1/2 of cell R4+5; alula broader than cell BM appically, microtrichose (Fig. 14).  
 Abdomen: terga yellow and black pilose; 1 st tergum black except yellow laterally; 2 nd tergum black with medial yellow fascia sometimes extended medio-anteriorly and yellow latero-anteriorly; 3 rd to 4 th terga mostly yellow with sublateral black maculae, black medial vittae continuous posteriorly and laterally, and brownish posterior fascia; 5 th tergum yellow with sub-lateral black vittae and medial black vitta variable, sometimes as a cross shape. Male genitalia: surstylus broader apically than basally, with scattered short setae, a little longer on dorsal surface; postanal process not distinct; aedeagus enlarged, proeminent dorsally and with some projections ventrally; superior lobe somewhat trapezoid with scattered hairs, longer along ventral margin (Figs. 53–55).   
 Female. Similar to male except for the frons black, white pollinose, yellow pilose. Anepisternum with a few short piles.   
 Female genitalia: 9 th tergum with not distinct black macula; epiproct somewhat elliptical; cercus slender; hypoproct somewhat rounded, pointed on posterior apex; 9 th sternum as in Fig. 108; two somewhat elliptical spermatecae similar in size (Figs. 107–109).   
Length. Body 6.8–7.2 mm, wing 5.5–5.8 mm.  
 Discussion. Toxomerus lacrymosus is very similar to Toxomerus musicus with a few morphological differences. The characters to distinguish them are the microtrichia distribution on wing, the genitalia morphology and numbers of spermathecae on the feamale.   
 Type material examined. Syntype. BRAZIL. Mesograpta? lacrymosa, ♂ & ♀, Ex. Coll. Bigot (OXUM).   
 Other material examined. BRAZIL. Amazonas: Manaus, ♀, 9/XII/1959, Elias and Roppa (MNRJ); Urucurituba, ♂, X/1969, Exp. Perm. Amaz. (MZSP); Parintins, 2 ♂, XI/1969, Exp. Perm. Amaz. (MZSP). Pará: Belém, ♂, 26/III/1970, J. M. & B. A. Campbell (CNC); Oriximiná, 2 ♂, IX/1969, Exp. Perm. Amaz. (MZSP); Trombetas, 2 ♂, X/1969, Exp. Perm. Amaz. (MZSP). Pernambuco: Caruaru, ♀, IV/1972, M. Alvarenga (MNRJ). Goiás: Rio das Almas, ♂, V/1938, F. Lane (MZSP); Jaraguá, ♀, VI/1942, F. Lane (MZSP) Brasília: D. F., 4 ♂, 3/III/1970, J. M. & B. A. Campbell (CNC). Mato Grosso: Poconé, ♀, I/1951, Valette (MZSP). Minas Gerais: Brumadinho, ♂, 20/III/1999, D. Pamplona (MNRJ); Serra do Cipó, 3 ♀, Aires (MNRJ); Lassance, ♂, 20–31/I/1939, Martins, Lopes and Mangabeira (CNC). Rio de Janeiro: Saquarema, ♂, 29/V/1999, Lamas C. J. E. (MNRJ); Estrada Rio - São Paulo, 3♂, 3♀, 8/I/1945, 15/I/1945, 17/I/ 1945, 24/I/1945, B. Ramos (MNRJ). São Paulo: Santo Amaro, 3 ♀, XI/1950, J. Lane (MZSP); Santa Catarina: Rio das Antas, ♂, I/1953, Camargo (MZSP). Nova Teutônia, 3 ♂, IV/1996, F. Plaumann (CNC).   
 Geographical record. Widespread Neotropical, from Mexico to southern Brazil.
description: Published as part of Borges, Zuleica M. & Couri, Marcia S., 2009, Revision of Toxomerus Macquart, 1855 (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Brazil with synonymic notes, identification key to the species and description of three new species 2179, pp. 1-72 in Zootaxa 2179 on pages 38-39