cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Virtually Bare Nanocrystal Surfaces - Significantly Enhanced Electrical Transport in CuInSe2 and CuIn(1-x)Ga(x)Se2 Thin Films upon Ligand Exchange with Thermally Degradable 1-Ethyl-5-thiotetrazole
Creators: name: Lauth, Jannika
name: Marbach, Jakob
name: Meyer, Andreas
name: Dogan, Sedat
name: Klinke, Christian
name: Kornowski, Andreas
name: Weller, Horst
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a facile and safe ligand exchange method for readily synthesized CuInSe2 (CIS) and CuIn(1-x)Ga(x)Se2 (CIGS) nanocrystals (NCs) from oleylamine to 1-ethyl-5-thiotetrazole which preserves the colloidal stability of the chalcopyrite structure. 1-ethyl-5-thiotetrazole as thermally degradable ligand is adapted for the first time for trigonal pyramidal CIS NCs (18 nm), elongated CIS NCs (9 nm) and CIGS NCs (6 nm). The exchanged NC solutions are spin-coated onto Si/SiO2 substrates with predefined gold electrodes to yield ordered NC thin films. These films are thermally annealed at 260 C to completely remove 1-ethyl-5-thiotetrazol leaving virtually bare NC surfaces. We measure the current-voltage characteristics of the NC solids prior to ligand thermolysis in the dark and under illumination and after thermolysis of the ligand in the same manner. The conductivity of trigonal pyramidal CIS NCs increases by four orders of magnitude from 1.4*10E-9 S/cm in the dark to 1.4*10E-5 S/cm for ligand-free illuminated NC films. Elongated CIS NC films show an increase by three orders of magnitude and CIGS NC films exhibit improved conductivity by two orders of magnitude. The degree of conductivity enhancement thereby depends on the NC size accentuating the role of trap-states and internal grain boundaries in ligand-free NC solids for electrical transport. Our approach offers for the first time the possibility to address chalcopyrite materials' electrical properties in a virtually ligand-free state.
description: 33 pages
Investigating the variance increase of readout error mitigation through classical bit-flip correction on IBM and Rigetti quantum computers
Creators: name: Alexandrou, Constantia
name: Funcke, Lena
name: Hartung, Tobias
name: Jansen, Karl
name: Kühn, Stefan
name: Polykratis, Georgios
name: Stornati, Paolo
name: Wang, Xiaoyang
name: Weber, Tom
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: readout: error
computer: quantum
hardware
performance
Pauli

description: Readout errors are among the most dominant errors on current noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices. Recently, an efficient and scaleable method for mitigating such errors has been developed, based on classical bit-flip correction. In this talk, we compare the performance of this method for IBM's and Rigetti's quantum devices, demonstrating how the method improves the noisy measurements of observables obtained on the quantum hardware. Moreover, we examine the variance amplification to the data after applying of our mitigation procedure, which is common to all mitigation strategies. We derive a new expression for the variance of the mitigated Pauli operators in terms of the corrected expectation values and the noisy variances. Our hardware results show good agreement with the theoretical prediction, and we demonstrate that the increase of the variance due to the mitigation procedure is only moderate.
Additional file 1 of The impact of cardiovascular disease on all-cause and cancer mortality: results from a 16-year follow-up of a German breast cancer case–control study
Creators: name: Möhl, Annika
name: Behrens, Sabine
name: Flaßkamp, Fabian
name: Obi, Nadia
name: Kreienbrinck, Annika
name: Holleczek, Bernd
name: Gali, Kathleen
name: Chang-Claude, Jenny
name: Becher, Heiko
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. Directed acyclic graph for the association of CVD and all-cause mortality. Green arrow= causal path, red arrows= biasing paths.
$B\to V\ell^+\ell^-$ in the Standard Model from Light-Cone Sum Rules
Creators: name: Bharucha, Aoife
name: Straub, David M.
name: Zwicky, Roman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present $B_q\toρ$, $B_q\toω$, $B_q\to K^*$, $B_s\to K^*$ and $B_s\to ϕ$ form factors from light-cone sum rules (LCSR) at $\mathcal{O}(α_s)$ for twist-2 and 3 and $\mathcal{O}(α_s^0)$ for twist-4 with updated hadronic input parameters. Three asymptotic light-cone distribution amplitudes of twist-$4$ (and $5$) are determined, necessary for the form factors to obey the equations of motion. It is argued that the latter constrain the uncertainty of tensor-to-vector form factor ratios thereby improving the prediction of zeros of helicity amplitudes of major importance for $B\to K^*\ell\ell$ angular observables. We provide easy-to-use fits to the LCSR results, including the full error correlation matrix, in all modes at low $q^2$ as well as combined fits to LCSR and lattice results covering the entire kinematic range for $B_q\to K^*$, $B_s\to K^*$ and $B_s\to ϕ$. The error correlation matrix avoids the problem of overestimating the uncertainty in phenomenological applications. Using the new form factors and recent computations of non-factorisable contributions we provide Standard Model predictions for $B\to K^*γ$ as well as $B\to K^*\ell^+\ell^-$ and $B_s\toϕμ^+μ^-$ at low dilepton invariant mass. Employing our $B \to (ρ,ω) $ form factor results we extract the CKM element $|V_\mathrm{ub}|$ from the semileptonic decays $B\to(ρ,ω) \ellν$ and find good agreement with other exclusive determinations.
description: 64 pages, 7 figures, 15 tables. v3: Minor clarifications, numerics unchanged. Matches version published in JHEP
Investigating the role of partonic and hadronic dynamics in mass splitting of elliptic anisotropy in p-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV
Creators: name: Sarkar, Debojit
name: Choudhury, Subikash
name: Chattopadhyay, Subhasis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mass ordering of $v_{2}^{hadron}$ is regarded as one of the key signatures of collective behaviour in ultra relativistic heavy ion collisions. This observation has been found to be in compliance with the hydrodynamical response of a strongly interacting system to the initial spatial anisotropy. Flow co-efficients measured with identified particles in p-Pb/d-Au collisions have shown similar mass-splitting of $v_{2}^{hadron}$ indicating towards the presence of collective dynamics in small collision systems. Arguably, small size in the overlap geometry of such colliding systems may not be suitable for hydrodynamical treatment that demands an early thermalization. Studies based on a multi phase transport model suggests that elliptic or triangular anisotropy is primarily due to escape mechanism of partons rather than hydro like collectivity and mass ordering of $v_{2}^{hadron}$ can be generated from coalescence dynamics as implemented in string melting version of AMPT even when parton azimuthal directions are randomized. In this work, studies have been performed on p-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV using AMPT model which has been found to explain the elliptic and traingular flow in such a system where escape mechanism is the dominant source of flow generation. We report that the mass splitting of $v_{2}^{hadron}$ can originate independently both at the partonic and hadronic level in the string melting version of the AMPT model.
Measurement of the jet mass distribution and top quark mass in hadronic decays of boosted top quarks in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: top, pair production
top, mass
jet, mass
jet, mass spectrum
p p, scattering
radiation, final-state interaction
mass, scale
top, boosted particle
boson, decay
top, decay
GeV
hadronic decay
lepton
muon
electron
calibration
angular correlation
transverse momentum
CERN LHC Coll
TeV
CMS
structure

description: A measurement of the jet mass distribution in hadronic decays of Lorentz-boosted top quarks is presented. The measurement is performed in the lepton+jets channel of top quark pair production ($\mathrm{t\bar{t}}$) events, where the lepton is an electron or muon. The products of the hadronic top quark decay are reconstructed using a single large-radius jet with transverse momentum greater than 400 GeV. The data were collected with the CMS detector at the LHC in proton-proton collisions and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb$^{-1}$. The differential $\mathrm{t\bar{t}}$ production cross section as a function of the jet mass is unfolded to the particle level and is used to extract the top quark mass. The jet mass scale is calibrated using the hadronic W boson decay within the large-radius jet. The uncertainties in the modelling of the final state radiation are reduced by studying angular correlations in the jet substructure. These developments lead to a significant increase in precision, and a top quark mass of 172.76 $\pm$ 0.81 GeV.
Witnessing gas mixing in the metal distribution of the Hickson Compact Group HCG 31
Creators: name: Torres-Flores, S.
name: de Oliveira, C. Mendes
name: Amram, P.
name: Alfaro-Cuello, M.
name: Carrasco, E. R.
name: de Mello, D. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present, for the first time, direct evidence that, in a merger of disk galaxies, the preexisting central metallicities will mix as a result of gas being transported in the merger interface region, along the line that joins the two coalescing nuclei. This is shown using detailed 2D kinematics as well as metallicity measurements for the nearby ongoing merger in the center of the compact group HCG 31. We focus on the emission line gas, which is extensive in the system. The two coalescing cores display similar oxygen abundances while in between the two nuclei the metallicity changes smoothly from one nucleus to the other, indicating a mix of metals in this region, which is confirmed by the high resolution H$α$ kinematics (R=45900). This nearby system is especially important because it involves the merging of two fairly low mass and clumpy galaxies (LMC-like galaxies), making it an important system for comparison with high redshift galaxies.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letters
Review Pages: The Times They Are a-Changin' 1 (2019)
Creators: name: Angiello, Gennaro
name: Carpentieri, Gerardo
name: Morosini, Rosa
name: Tremiterra, Maria Rosa
name: Tulisi, Andrea
Publisher: name: TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment
Year: 2019

description: Starting from the relationship between urban planning and mobility management, TeMA has gradually expanded the view of the covered topics, always remaining in the groove of rigorous scientific in-depth analysis. During the last two years a particular attention has been paid on the Smart Cities theme and on the different meanings that come with it. The last section of the journal is formed by the Review Pages. They have different aims: to inform on the problems, trends and evolutionary processes; to investigate on the paths by highlighting the advanced relationships among apparently distant disciplinary fields; to explore the interaction’s areas, experiences and potential applications; to underline interactions, disciplinary developments but also, if present, defeats and setbacks. Inside the journal the Review Pages have the task of stimulating as much as possible the circulation of ideas and the discovery of new points of view. For this reason the section is founded on a series of basic’s references, required for the identification of new and more advanced interactions. These references are the research, the planning acts, the actions and the applications, analysed and investigated both for their ability to give a systematic response to questions concerning the urban and territorial planning, and for their attention to aspects such as the environmental sustainability and the innovation in the practices. For this purpose the Review Pages are formed by five sections (Web Resources; Books; Laws; Urban Practices; News and Events), each of which examines a specific aspect of the broader information storage of interest for TeMA.
description: TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment, Vol 12 No 1 (2019): The Times They Are a-Changin'
Success Factors of Smart Cities: A Systematic Review of Literature from 2000-2018
Creators: name: Aldegheishem, Abdulaziz
Publisher: name: TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment
Year: 2019

description: The aim of this paper is to review smart city literature to achieve these goals. More than 150 sources of literature were approached and analyzed with a view of finding out drivers and success indicators of smart cities on which future research policies are depend. The results pointed out several drivers that stimulate cities to be smart. These drivers are related to economy, environment, governance, safety, energy, living, technology, buildings, education and people. Interestingly, a smart city should be distinguished by smartness extent achieved to meet the requirements of these drivers. That is, a smart city is the one that marked by its own smart economy, smart environment, smart governance, smart safety, smart energy, smart living, smart technology, smart buildings, smart education and smart people. This paper contributes to smart city literature by showing drivers and indicators related to smart cities success.
description: TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment, Vol 12 No 1 (2019): The Times They Are a-Changin'
Impacts of Land Disputes on Community Development
Creators: name: Mbazor, David Ngwoke
name: Ojo, Babajide
Publisher: name: TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment
Year: 2019

description: Land disputes as experienced in different parts of Nigeria have strong effect on rural and urban socio-economic development. Land disputes have disastrous and life threatening effects on individuals as well as on groups, communities and even entire nations. In view of this, the study examined the impacts of land disputes on the development of the affected communities. In achieving this, Three hundred and Seventeen (317) questionnaires were retrieved from the residents of the various villages that make up Inyimagu community in Ikwo local government area of Ebonyi state Nigeria, a community that has been ravaged by communal clashes with the adjoining villages including Nsobo community in Obubra local government area of Cross River state over the issue of land ownership. Data were analysed using a simple descriptive statistics. Finding shows that village claim of long time settlements, long-term enmity amongst families among others factors are the major reasons for the incessant land disputes in these communities. This has led to the massive loss of lives and properties both in the past and in the present. Conclusively, it is recommended that that the existing land law system in Nigeria should be comprehensively reviewed to fashion out a best policy such that makes both rural and urban lands to be centrally administered. It is further recommended that affected state governments should as a matter of urgency set up a team of experts such as Estate Surveyors and Valuers, Lawyers, Land Surveyors and Urban and Regional planners to embark on a comprehensive process that would lead to the establishment of land information management system for the states. This, on the long run, would foster an increased understanding of size and boundary of each individual’s hereditament particularly for the lands in dispute.
description: TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment, Vol 12 No 1 (2019): The Times They Are a-Changin'
Additional file 2 of Comparing the health of refugee and asylee patients with that of non-refugee immigrant and US-born patients in a large Urban clinic
Creators: name: Raphael, Eva
name: Barton, Michelle
name: Jaradeh, Katrin
name: Dieterich, Cristy
name: Hamad, Rita
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy
Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 2
Good Practices for the Management of Fragile Territories Resilience
Creators: name: Pignatelli, Federica
name: De Vita, Mariangela
name: Properzi, Pierluigi
Publisher: name: TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment
Year: 2019

description: Italy is a territory frequently affected by natural disasters that have a huge impact on urban transformations. The physical and socio-economical reconstruction process of a territory damaged by a traumatic event at first pursues the path of emergency management and subsequently the rehabilitation of the damaged areas. These political and economic strategies are still unsystematic, so it is difficult to foresee eithers long or short term effects. This paper presents an analysis carried out on the city of L'Aquila following the earthquake of 2009, in which indicators were defined to assess and monitor the reconstruction process. The method used to define the indicators is 'absolute', in such a way as to represent a replicable model that can be adapted to different territorial and emergency contexts. Furthermore, the set of indicators proposed can be used not only to monitor the reconstruction process, but also to guide public policies and to suggest shared strategic guidelines, not originated by the urgency of after-shock conditions. The proposed model is a tool to be used from the early stages of reconstruction, in order to predict the outcome of the reconstruction itself. In this way, it is possible to manage urban transformation in a coherent and organic way in all its phases by adopting a single tool. The use of the model shown in the research also makes it possible to enhance the resilience of a territory by exploiting its intrinsic characteristics.
description: TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment, Vol 12 No 1 (2019): The Times They Are a-Changin'
Gemini-IFU spectroscopy of HH 111
Creators: name: Cerqueira, A. H.
name: Vasconcelos, M. J.
name: Raga, A. C.
name: Feitosa, J.
name: Plana, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new optical observations of the HH 111 Herbig-Haro jet using the Gemini Multi Object Spectrograph in its Integral Field Unit mode. Eight fields of 5" x 3.5" have been positioned along and across the HH 111 jet, covering the spatial region from knot E to L in HH 111 (namely, knots E, F, G, H, J, K and L). We present images and velocity channel maps for the [O I] 6300+6360, Halpha, [N II] 6548+6583 and [S II] 6716+6730 lines, as well as for the [S II]6716/6730 line ratio. We find that the HH 111 jet has an inner region with lower excitation and higher radial velocity, surrounded by a broader region of higher excitation and lower radial velocity. Also, we find higher electron densities at lower radial velocities. These results imply that the HH 111 jet has a fast, axial region with lower velocity shocks surrounded by a lower velocity sheath with higher velocity shocks.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in AJ
A simulation experiment of a pipeline based on machine learning for neutral hydrogen intensity mapping surveys
Creators: name: Li, Lin-Cheng
name: Wang, Yuan-Gen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simulation experiment of a pipeline based on machine learning algorithms for neutral hydrogen (HI) intensity mapping (IM) surveys with different telescopes. The simulation is conducted on HI signals, foreground emission, thermal noise from instruments, strong radio frequency interference (sRFI), and mild RFI (mRFI). We apply the Mini-Batch K-Means algorithm to identify sRFI, and Adam algorithm to remove foregrounds and mRFI. Results show that there exists a threshold of the sRFI amplitudes above which the performance of our pipeline enhances greatly. In removing foregrounds and mRFI, the performance of our pipeline is shown to have little dependence on the apertures of telescopes. In addition, the results show that there are thresholds of the signal amplitudes from which the performance of our pipeline begins to change rapidly. We consider all these thresholds as the edges of the signal amplitude ranges in which our pipeline can function well. Our work, for the first time, explores the feasibility of applying machine learning algorithms in the pipeline of IM surveys, especially for large surveys with the next-generation telescopes.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables, accepted by Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Time-causal and time-recursive spatio-temporal receptive fields
Creators: name: Lindeberg, Tony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We present an improved model and theory for time-causal and time-recursive spatio-temporal receptive fields, based on a combination of Gaussian receptive fields over the spatial domain and first-order integrators or equivalently truncated exponential filters coupled in cascade over the temporal domain. Compared to previous spatio-temporal scale-space formulations in terms of non-enhancement of local extrema or scale invariance, these receptive fields are based on different scale-space axiomatics over time by ensuring non-creation of new local extrema or zero-crossings with increasing temporal scale. Specifically, extensions are presented about (i) parameterizing the intermediate temporal scale levels, (ii) analysing the resulting temporal dynamics, (iii) transferring the theory to a discrete implementation, (iv) computing scale-normalized spatio-temporal derivative expressions for spatio-temporal feature detection and (v) computational modelling of receptive fields in the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) and the primary visual cortex (V1) in biological vision. We show that by distributing the intermediate temporal scale levels according to a logarithmic distribution, we obtain much faster temporal response properties (shorter temporal delays) compared to a uniform distribution. Specifically, these kernels converge very rapidly to a limit kernel possessing true self-similar scale-invariant properties over temporal scales, thereby allowing for true scale invariance over variations in the temporal scale, although the underlying temporal scale-space representation is based on a discretized temporal scale parameter. We show how scale-normalized temporal derivatives can be defined for these time-causal scale-space kernels and how the composed theory can be used for computing basic types of scale-normalized spatio-temporal derivative expressions in a computationally efficient manner.
description: 39 pages, 12 figures, 5 tables in Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision, published online Dec 2015
Green is the colour. Standards, equipment and public spaces as paradigm for the Italian sustainable city
Creators: name: Mazzeo, Giuseppe
name: Zucaro, Floriana
name: Morosini, Rosa
Publisher: name: TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment
Year: 2019

description: The speed of the urban systems is related with a series of social, economic, and environmental transformations bringing often to a critic state that needs the redefinition of urban elements and relationships, in order to guarantee quality and safety to the inhabitants’ lives. Related to the new spatial conditions of planning is the topic of urban equipment that is an open matter in the urban politics. Their relevance for Italian cities made them a symbol of democratization and quality of the cities, due to the obligatory of minimum quantities of spaces for public services. The 50 years from the issue of DM 1444 allows to express a series of evaluations on the role of the public equipment in the processes of urban transformation and governance. Starting from this analysis, the paper proposes adequate and updated solutions in terms of evolution of the standards categories and their quantitative and qualitative characteristics, deepening the role of the urban facilities as potential sources of innovation. The first part of the paper highlights some elements related to the long period of application of the law, and the results of this application in terms of increase and quality in the urban equipment of the city. The second part explores the motivations behind the need for a comprehensive updating of the subject, referring to concepts such as sustainability, and quality of urban systems. In the third part, starting from new requirements, new needs, new risks affecting urban systems, as well as from critical points of the Italian law structure, the paper proposes new categories of urban planning standards and the related functional requirements they must to satisfy.
description: TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment, Vol 12 No 1 (2019): The Times They Are a-Changin'
Computer Algebra,and Hypergeometric Structures for Feynman Integrals
Creators: name: Bluemlein, Johannes
name: Saragnese, Marco
name: Schneider, Carsten
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: computer: algebra
Feynman graph
differential equations

description: We present recent computer algebra methods that support the calculations of (multivariate) series solutions for (certain coupled systems of partial) linear differential equations. The summand of the series solutions may be built by hypergeometric products and more generally by indefinite nested sums defined over such products. Special cases are hypergeometric structures such as Appell-functions or generalizations of them that arise frequently when dealing with parameter Feynman integrals.
Additional file 1 of Comparing the health of refugee and asylee patients with that of non-refugee immigrant and US-born patients in a large Urban clinic
Creators: name: Raphael, Eva
name: Barton, Michelle
name: Jaradeh, Katrin
name: Dieterich, Cristy
name: Hamad, Rita
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy
Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1
The nutshell kings: Why is human space settlement controversial in the first place?
Creators: name: Cirkovic, Milan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent years have seen both a revival of space programs, mostly propelled by private industry's increasing interest, but also the emergence of strong resistance to human space activities on several levels. This is partly a manifestation of a wider counter-Enlightenment Zeitgeist, as detectable in other sectors of public life in the West, and partly a reaction against the widespread engagement of the private sector. While it still does not dominate the discourse on space issues, space skepticism is surprisingly wide-ranging and decentralized phenomenon, gathering together heterogeneous strands of thought from pro-Enlightenment liberals to rabid "deep ecology" activists to philosophical pessimists to antiglobalists of all colors. There has been precious little in way of actively opposing this cultural trend so far, however. While space engineers and entrepreneurs conduct their "business as usual", there are plethora of risks hidden in this cultural climate, esp. if one adopts much repeated (and rarely adequately understood) maxim that "politics is downstream of culture." The present article will review major strands of thought within this big tent cultural movement, offer plausible counter-arguments to space skeptics, and outline important cultural and public-outreach work which needs to be done to balance the scales.
description: 16 pages, no figures; accepted for publication in "Futures"
Bose-Einstein condensation of 162Dy and 160Dy
Creators: name: Tang, Yijun
name: Burdick, Nathaniel Q.
name: Baumann, Kristian
name: Lev, Benjamin L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report Bose-Einstein condensation of two isotopes of the highly magnetic element dysprosium: 162Dy and 160Dy. For 162Dy, condensates with 10^5 atoms form below T = 50 nK. We find the evaporation efficiency for the isotope 160Dy to be poor; however, by utilizing a low-field Fano-Feshbach resonance to carefully change the scattering properties, it is possible to produce a Bose-Einstein condensate of 160Dy with 10^3 atoms. The 162Dy BEC reported is an order of magnitude larger in atom number than that of the previously reported 164Dy BEC, and it may be produced within 18 s.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 1 of vamos: variable-number tandem repeats annotation using efficient motif sets
Creators: name: Ren, Jingwen
name: Gu, Bida
name: Chaisson, Mark J. P.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Theorem S1 proves that if efficient motif set exists, the replacement annotation is a good approximation of the original raw sequence, with the divergence bounded by Δ.
Jets and Jet Substructure at Future Colliders
Creators: name: Nachman, Ben
name: Bonilla, Johan
name: Chachamis, Grigorios
name: Dillon, Barry M.
name: Chekanov, Sergei V.
name: Erbacher, Robin
name: Gouskos, Loukas
name: Hinzmann, Andreas
name: Höche, Stefan
name: Huffman, B. Todd
name: Kotwal, Ashutosh. V.
name: Kar, Deepak
name: Kogler, Roman
name: Lange, Clemens
name: LeBlanc, Matt
name: Lemmon, Roy
name: McLean, Christine
name: Nachman, Benjamin
name: Neubauer, Mark S.
name: Plehn, Tilman
name: Rappoccio, Salvatore
name: Roy, Debarati
name: Roloff, Jennifer
name: Stark, Giordan
name: Tran, Nhan
name: Vos, Marcel
name: Yeh, Chih-Hsiang
name: Yu, Shin-Shan
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 530
subject: structure
subject: interpretation of experiments: CERN LHC Coll
subject: jets
subject: Jet substructure
subject: Collider
subject: artificial intelligence
subject: machine learning
subject: Snowmass
subject: Top quark
subject: Higgs boson
subject: Electroweak boson
subject: Bottom quark
subject: Pileup

description: Even though jet substructure was not an original design consideration for the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) experiments, it has emerged as an essential tool for the current physics program. We examine the role of jet substructure on the motivation for and design of future energy frontier colliders. In particular, we discuss the need for a vibrant theory and experimental research and development program to extend jet substructure physics into the new regimes probed by future colliders. Jet substructure has organically evolved with a close connection between theorists and experimentalists and has catalyzed exciting innovations in both communities. We expect such developments will play an important role in the future energy frontier physics program.
Convective outgassing efficiency in planetary magma oceans: insights from computational fluid dynamics
Creators: name: Salvador, Arnaud
name: Samuel, Henri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Planetary atmospheres are commonly thought to result from the efficient outgassing of cooling magma oceans. During this stage, vigorous convective motions in the molten interior are believed to rapidly transport the dissolved volatiles to shallow depths where they exsolve and burst at the surface. This assumption of efficient degassing and atmosphere formation has important implications for planetary evolution, but has never been tested against fluid dynamics considerations. Yet, during a convective cycle, only a finite fraction of the magma ocean can reach the shallow depths where volatiles exsolution can occur, and a large-scale circulation may prevent a substantial magma ocean volume from rapidly reaching the planetary surface. Therefore, we conducted computational fluid dynamics experiments of vigorous 2D and 3D Rayleigh-Bénard convection at Prandtl number of unity to characterize the ability of the convecting fluid to reach shallow depths at which volatiles are exsolved and extracted to the atmosphere. Outgassing efficiency is essentially a function of the magnitude of the convective velocities. This allows deriving simple expressions to predict the time evolution of the amount of outgassed volatiles as a function of the magma ocean governing parameters. For plausible cases, the time required to exsolve all oversaturated water can exceed the magma ocean lifetime in a given highly vigorous transient stage, leading to incomplete or even negligible outgassing. Furthermore, the planet size and the initial magma ocean water content, through the convective vigor and the exsolution depth, respectively, strongly affect magma oceans degassing efficiency, possibly leading to divergent planetary evolution paths and resulting surface conditions. Overall, despite vigorous convection, for a significant range of parameters, convective degassing appears not as efficient as previously thought.
description: 84 pages, 16 figures, 6 tables; Accepted for publication in Icarus
Acoustic monitoring of the spread of a newly-introduced population of North Island brown kiwi through the Remutaka Ranges, Wellington New Zealand
Creators: name: Ellis, Susan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 419999
subject: Other environmental sciences not elsewhere classified

description: This report outlines the spread of a newly-introduced population of North Island Brown Kiwi through the Remutaka ranges near Wellington from 2011-2021. Acoustic monitoring was used to detect kiwi presence and absence and mapped through time. Results show that the kiwi population initially introduced into the upper reaches of the Turere stream from 2006 to 2011 have spread steadily through time, with kiwi calls now recorded from the northern boundary of the Wainuiomata Water Catchment (Greater Wellington block), in the region adjo ining Wainuiomata Township in the north (near Sunny Grove); from across the Orongorongo River in the east, to the Orongorongo Track/Clay Ridge area in the southwest, and the Boys Brigade region in the west. Maximum hourly call rates occur in the Turere cat chment. Acoustic recorder data has been used to pinpoint breeding pairs and, in several cases, to actually locate incubation burrows to monitor breeding outcome.
On the dependence of the existence of the positive steady states on the rate coefficients for deficiency-one mass action systems: single linkage class
Creators: name: Boros, Balázs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Deficiency-One Theorem states that there exists a unique positive steady state in each positive stoichiometric class for weakly reversible deficiency-one mass action systems with one linkage class (regardless of the values of the rate coefficients). The non-emptiness of the set of positive steady states does not remain valid if we omit the weak reversibility. A recently published paper provided an equivalent condition to the existence of a positive steady state for deficiency-one mass action systems that are not weakly reversible, but still has only one linkage class. Based on that result, we characterise in this paper those of these mass action systems for which the non-emptiness of the set of positive steady states holds regardless of the values of the rate coefficients. Also, we provide an equivalent condition to the existence of rate coefficients such that the set of positive steady states is nonempty for the resulting mass action system.
title: Quantification of the water balance and experimental evaporation studies, Lake Urmia, Iran
Creators: name: Farhangdarehshouri, Sahand
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2023

description: The first study (Schulz et al., 2020) deals with the quantification of the water balance components of Lake Urmia and their temporal development over the last five decades. It shows that the fluctuations in the water level of Lake Urmia in the period we studied were mainly triggered by climatic changes. However, under current climatic conditions, agricultural water abstraction is significant compared to the remaining inflow of surface water. Changes in agricultural water abstraction would have a significant impact on the lake volume and could lead either to a stabilisation of the lake or to its complete collapse. The second study deals with the construction and testing of a low-cost climate chamber for simulating warm climate conditions (Darehshouri et al., 2020). The climate chamber enables reliable regulation of temperature and relative humidity in a typical range of warm climate conditions. Climate chambers are widely used in various disciplines (e.g., salt weathering of rocks, nutrient leaching in soils, water repellency of soils or in evaporation studies, as well as in testing monitoring equipment, etc.). This study also includes step-by-step instructions for building a low-cost DIY climate chamber. The use of the climate chamber allowed us to conduct a series of evaporation experiments to estimate evaporation from the lake surface (Schulz et al., 2020) and the dried lake bed (Darehshouri et al., 2022) of the Lake Urmia and accordingly determine a better water balance for the lake. In the third study (Darehshouri et al., 2022) we quantified the amount of evaporation from the dried up lake bed of Lake Urmia. The decline in the lake's water level between 1998 and 2020 has formed an area of more than 4,000 km² (i.e., in September 2015) of dried up lake bed, which is covered with precipitated salt on the surface. Although several studies have analysed the water balance of the lake in recent decades, evaporation from the dried up lake bed has not been taken into account. Considering that large areas dried up, we assumed that evaporation from the dried up lake bed might also play a role in the overall water balance of the lake. We applied a transferable multi-methods approach using laboratory column experiments and field data to determine the evaporation from the dried up lake bed of Lake Urmia. The column experiment was conducted with undisturbed soil columns taken from the dried up lake bed of Lake Urmia. The columns were placed in a climate chamber and exposed to daily temperature and humidity cycles to simulate the climatic conditions of Lake Urmia, while monitoring weight and water level changes due to evaporation. Our results show that the estimated evaporation from the dried up lake bed during the dry season (June to August) ranges from 0.12 mm per day to 0.2 mm per day, accounting for up to more than 6% (0.07 km³) of the total evaporation from Lake Urmia, depending on the lake level.
Reflection beamshifts of visible light due to graphene
Creators: name: Hermosa, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I present calculations of reflection beamshifts, Goos-Hänchen and Imbert-Fedorov shifts, due to the presence of a monolayer graphene on a dielectric media when using a beam with wavelength in the visible range. Measuring the Goos-Hänchen and Imbert-Fedorov shifts is an alternative method to determine graphene's conductivity. I look at beamshifts for different polarization states ($p$, $s$, $45^0$, $σ^+$) and I discuss other possible experimental routes to determine these beamshifts and consequently, the graphene's optical conductivity. The Goos-Hänchen shifts for visible light I calculated are in good agreement with results of a recent experiment.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in Journal of Optics
Theoretical thermodynamic analysis of a closed-cycle process for the conversion of heat into electrical energy by means of a distiller and an electrochemical cell
Creators: name: Carati, Andrea
name: Marino, Massimo
name: Brogioli, Doriano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse a device aimed at the conversion of heat into electrical energy, based on a closed cycle in which a distiller generates two solutions at different concentrations, and an electrochemical cell consumes the concentration difference, converting it into electrical current. We first study an ideal model of such a process. We show that, if the device works at a single fixed pressure (i.e. with a ``single effect''), then the efficiency of the conversion of heat into electrical power can approach the efficiency of a reversible Carnot engine operating between the boiling temperature of the concentrated solution and that of the pure solvent. When two heat reservoirs with a higher temperature difference are available, the overall efficiency can be incremented by employing an arrangement of multiple cells working at different pressures (``multiple effects''). We find that a given efficiency can be achieved with a reduced number of effects by using solutions with a high boiling point elevation.
description: The following article has been submitted to Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy. After it is published, it will be found at http://scitation.aip.org/content/aip/journal/jrse
Spatial variation in stable isotopic composition of organic matter of macrophytes and sediments from a small Arctic lake in west Greenland
Creators: name: Thompson, Hilary A.
name: White, Jeffrey R.
name: Pratt, Lisa M.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Stable isotope compositions of organic carbon (δ13Corg) and nitrogen (δ15N) in macrophytes and sediments are useful in assessing sources of lake productivity and diagenesis of organic matter from formation through sedimentation to decomposition. Despite the increasing importance of high-latitude landscapes to carbon cycling under amplified and accelerating warming in the Arctic, the high density of small closed-basin lakes in this landscape, and the utility of stable isotopes in the study of carbon dynamics, limited data are available on within-lake spatial variability of δ13Corg and δ15N in these systems. The goal of this study was to investigate the spatial variability in stable isotopic composition of three dominant macrophyte species (Hippuris vulgaris, Eriophorum angustifolium, Warnstorfia exannulata) and sediments from littoral and profundal areas of a single closed-basin system among the common small Arctic lakes that populate the ice-free margin of Greenland. The range in δ13Corg of macrophytes (−33.9‰ to −27.1‰) was within the typical range of plants utilizing the C3 pathway for carbon fixation. No notable differences were observed in δ13Corg between segments of the individual macrophytes (emergent, submergent, and root tissues), indicating that the isotopic fractionation of carbon was similar throughout the plant. Between-species variations in δ13Corg were small, but significant (p 13C. The range of δ15N in littoral and profundal sediments (−0.52‰ to 1.33‰) was small, with littoral surface sediments 1‰ less enriched in 15N than surface sediments in the profundal zone. The C/N ratios of macrophytes (mean ± SD: 27.0 ± 12.6), littoral sediments (mean ± SD: 11.0 ± 1.0), and profundal sediments (mean ± SD: 9.1 ± 0.9) point to diagenetic alteration. Combined isotopic and elemental (C/N) compositions of littoral and profundal sediments suggest that organic matter accumulating in the study lake originate primarily from in-lake primary production of macrophytes. Terrestrial sources are likely minor because of the hydrologically closed basin and limited aeolian inputs, suggesting that the majority of organic matter produced by the dominant littoral macrophyte community was decomposed between production and sediment deposition.
Additional file 1 of The efficacy and safety of patent Foramen Ovale Closure for Refractory Epilepsy (PFOC-RE): a prospectively randomized control trial of an innovative surgical therapy for refractory epilepsy patients with PFO of high-grade right-to-left shunt
Creators: name: Shuming, Ji
name: Hua, Li
name: Yusha, Tang
name: Lei, Chen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1
Coupling methods for random topological Markov chains
Creators: name: Stadlbauer, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37D35, 37H99

description: We apply coupling techniques in order to prove that the transfer operators associated with random topological Markov chains and non-stationary shift spaces with the big images and preimages-property have a spectral gap.
description: 17 pages
Uniendo comunidades para ampliar la participación en la Ciencia Abierta
Creators: name: Ondari, Laurah
name: Landi, Michael
name: Ación, Laura
name: Palopoli, Nicolás
name: Karvovskaya, Lena
name: Sharan, Malvika
name: Plomp, Esther
name: Bernaldo, Paz
name: Van Der Walt, Anelda
name: Ascenzi, Laura
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Ciencia Abierta
OLS
Comunidades

description: OLS, MetaDocencia y otras organizaciones internacionales se enorgullecen de anunciar su colaboración para desarrollar el programa Open Seeds OLS-8.
Additional file 3 of Genetically encoded phosphatidylserine biosensor for in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo labelling
Creators: name: Dirvelyte, Eimina
name: Bujanauskiene, Daina
name: Jankaityte, Evelina
name: Daugelaviciene, Neringa
name: Kisieliute, Ugne
name: Nagula, Igor
name: Budvytyte, Rima
name: Neniskyte, Urte
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology

description: Additional file 3. CellProfiler pipeline.