cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Minimal Realizations of Supersymmetry for Matrix Hamiltonians
Creators: name: Andrianov, Alexander A.
name: Sokolov, Andrey V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The notions of weak and strong minimizability of a matrix intertwining operator are introduced. Criterion of strong minimizability of a matrix intertwining operator is revealed. Criterion and sufficient condition of existence of a constant symmetry matrix for a matrix Hamiltonian are presented. A method of constructing of a matrix Hamiltonian with a given constant symmetry matrix in terms of a set of arbitrary scalar functions and eigen- and associated vectors of this matrix is offered. Examples of constructing of $2\times2$ matrix Hamiltonians with given symmetry matrices for the cases of different structure of Jordan form of these matrices are elucidated.
description: 9 pages
MPEC 2024-S01 : DAILY ORBIT UPDATE (2024 September 16)
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Results of Hot-fire Testing of 30kN LOX/Methane Full-expander Cycle Engine
Creators: name:  KAZUKI SAKAKI
name:   TATSUYA HASHIZUME
name:   TOSHIKI MORITO
name:   HIDEAKI NANRI
name:   SHINJI ISHIHARA
name:   YASUHIRO ISHIKAWA
Publisher: name: Proceedings of the Aerospace Europe Conference - EUCASS - CEAS - 2023
Year: 2023
Subjects: ROCKET ENGINE
METHANE
FULL-EXPANDER CYCLE

description: Methane/Liquid oxygen (LOX) rocket engines are promising candidates for propulsion systems of various future space transportation systems such as reusable launch vehicles, orbital transfer vehicles and space exploration vehicles due to the larger density compared with liquid hydrogen, the higher specific impulse (Isp) compared with kerosene and the good storability. Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) started the research and development of methane/LOX propulsion system in early 2000\'s. Since 2013, JAXA has been studying a 30kN class high-performance methane/LOX rocket engine system, which adopts the full-expander cycle to achieve the high Isp. Technical feasibilities of components such as combustion efficiency and combustion stability of the injector, cooling performance of the combustion chamber and turbopump system performance which can achieve the targetlsp of 370 s are demonstrated through the series of component tests, and component characteristics are obtained to evaluate the system level feasibility. Engine system integration tests are conducted to demonstrate engine system level performances and feasibilities of the methane/LOX full-expander cycle engine. Ignition and cut off sequences for the full-expander cycle are established. Stable operations of the engine system are achieved, and system level engine performance is evaluated. Therefore, technical feasibilities of 30kN class high-performance methane/LOX rocket engine are demonstrated through the engine system integration tests.
Structural and biochemical studies of p21Ras S-nitrosylation and nitric oxide-mediated guanine nucleotide exchange
Creators: name: Pappu, K.
name: Campbell, S. L.
name: Williams, J. G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: Ras is a guanine nucleotide-binding protein that cycles between inactive GDP-bound and active GTP-bound states to regulate a diverse array of cellular processes, including cell growth, apoptosis, and differentiation. The guanine nucleotide-bound state of Ras is tightly maintained by regulatory factors to promote regulated growth control. A class of regulatory molecules that lead to Ras activation are guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs). Ras GEFs bind to Ras and facilitate GDP release, followed by GTP incorporation and Ras activation. Nitric oxide (NO) has also been shown to promote guanine nucleotide exchange (GNE) on Ras and increase cellular Ras-GTP levels, but the process by which NO-mediated GNE occurs is not clear. We initiated NMR structural and biochemical studies to elucidate how nitrosylation of Ras might lead to enhanced GNE. Surprisingly, our studies show that stable S-nitrosylation of Ras at Cys-118, does not affect the structure of Ras, its association with the Ras-binding domain of Raf (a downstream effector of Ras), or GNE rates relative to non-nitrosylated Ras. We have found, however, that the actual chemical process of nitrosylation, rather than the end-product of Ras S-nitrosylation, accounts for the enhanced GNE that we have observed and that has been previously observed by others.
Comprehensive description of $J/ψ$ production in proton-proton collisions at collider energies
Creators: name: Ma, Yan-Qing
name: Venugopalan, Raju
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We employ a small $x$ Color Glass Condensate (CGC)+ Non-Relativistic QCD (NRQCD) formalism to compute $J/ψ$ production at low $p_\perp$ in proton-proton collisions at collider energies. Very good agreement is obtained for total cross-sections, rapidity distributions and low momentum $p_\perp$ distributions. Similar agreement is obtained for $ψ^\prime$ production. We observe an overlap region in $p_\perp$ where our results match smoothly to those obtained in a next-to-leading order (NLO) collinearly factorized NRQCD formalism. The relative contribution of color singlet and color octet contributions can be quantified in the CGC+NRQCD framework, with the former contributing approximately $10\%$ of the total cross-section.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, typos corrected, final version accepted by Physical Review Letters
Synthesis of 12β-methyl-18-nor-avicholic acid analogues as potential TGR5 agonists
Creators: name: Ure, EM
name: Harris, Lawrence
name: Cameron, Scott
name: Weymouth-Wilson, A
name: Furneaux, Richard
name: Pitman, Janet
name: Hinkley, Simon
name: Luxenburger, Andreas
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 30499 Medicinal and Biomolecular Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Organic Chemistry

description: In the quest for new modulators of the Farnesoid-X (FXR) and Takeda G-protein-coupled (TGR5) receptors, bile acids are a popular candidate for drug development. Recently, bile acids endowed with a C16-hydroxy group emerged as ligands of FXR and TGR5 with remarkable agonistic efficacies. Inspired by these findings, we synthesised a series of C16-hydroxylated 12β-methyl-18-nor-bile acid analogues from a Δ13(17)-12β-methyl-18-nor-chenodeoxycholic acid intermediate (16), the synthesis of which we reported previously. The preparation of these aptly named 12β-methyl-18-nor-avicholic acids (17, 18, 41 and 42) was accomplished via allylic oxidation at C16, hydrogenation of the C13→C17 double bond and selective reduction of the C16-carbonyl group. Described also are various side products which were isolated during the evaluation of methods to affect the initial allylic oxidation. In addition, C23-methyl modified 12β-methyl-18-nor-bile acids with (48, 49, 51 and 52) and without a C16-hydroxy group (45, 46 and 55), were synthesized to enable comparison of biological activities between these compounds and their un-methylated counterparts. As a result of our investigations we identified (23R)-12β,23-dimethyl-18-nor-chenodeoxycholic acid (46) and 12β-methyl-17-epi-18-nor-chenodeoxycholic acid 53 as TGR5 ligands with EC50 values of 25 μM.
ReFEx: Reusability Flight Experiment-Planning a MORABA Campaign in South Australia
Creators: name:  ALEXANDER SCHMIDT
name:   ANDREAS KIMPE
name:   PHILIPP ROSENHEIMER
name:   SEBASTIAN WEIsz
name:   MARKUS WITTKAMP
Publisher: name: Proceedings of the Aerospace Europe Conference - EUCASS - CEAS - 2023
Year: 2023
Subjects: MORABA
MOBILE ROCKET BASE
TELEMETRY
GROUND INFRASTRUCTURE
DATA HANDLING
FLIGHT TERMINATION
LAUNCH CAMPAIGN
SOUTH AUSTRALIA

description: The ReFEx mission by DLR is planned to launch from Koonibba Test Range in July 2024. DLR\'s Mobile Rocket Base is together with the South Australian company Southern launch responsible for the conduct of the campaign. In this paper we describe the necessary background of the mission and the test range as well as MORABA\'s contribution to the range assembly and onboard systems.
Ultra-high quality factors in superconducting niobium cavities in ambient magnetic fields up to 190 mG
Creators: name: Romanenko, A.
name: Grassellino, A.
name: Crawford, A. C.
name: Sergatskov, D. A.
name: Melnychuk, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ambient magnetic field, if trapped in the penetration depth, leads to the residual resistance and therefore sets the limit for the achievable quality factors in superconducting niobium resonators for particle accelerators. Here we show that a complete expulsion of the magnetic flux can be performed and leads to: 1) record quality factors $Q > 2\times10^{11}$ up to accelerating gradient of 22 MV/m; 2) $Q\sim3\times10^{10}$ at 2 K and 16 MV/m in up to 190 mG magnetic fields. This is achieved by large thermal gradients at the normal/superconducting phase front during the cooldown. Our findings open up a way to ultra-high quality factors at low temperatures and show an alternative to the sophisticated magnetic shielding implemented in modern superconducting accelerators.
Evaluation of a lower-extremity robotic exoskeleton for people with knee osteoarthritis
Creators: name: McGibbon, Chris
name: Sexton, Andrew
name: Jayaraman, Arun
name: Deems-Dluhy, Susan
name: Fabara, Eric
name: Adans-Dester, Catherine
name: Bonato, Paolo
name: Marquis, Francois
name: Turmel, Sylvie
name: Belzile, Etienne
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: A multi-site study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of the Keeogo™ exoskeleton as a mobility assist device for use in the clinic and at home in people with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Twenty-four participants were randomized in a two-stage cross-over design that evaluated the immediate effects of using the exoskeleton in the clinic and the cumulative effects of training and home use. Immediate effects were quantified by comparing 1) physical performance with|without (W|WO) the device during a battery of mobility tests, and 2) physical activity levels at home (actigraphy) for one month, two weeks W|WO the device. Cumulative effects were quantified as change in physical performance W and WO over time. WOMAC and other self-report scales were measured and usability assessed. There were no immediate effects on physical performance or physical activity at home; however, there were cumulative effects as indicated by improved stair time (p = .001) as well as improved WOMAC pain (p = .004) and function (p = .003). There was a direct relationship between improved physical function and improved WOMAC pain (r = −.677, p < .001) and stiffness (r = .537, p = .007). Weight and battery life were identified as important to usability. A full-scale RCT with more participants, longer study period, and better usage monitoring is warranted.
The Response Process in Standardized Cognitive Ability Tests and Validity
Creators: name: Van Grinsven, Vanessa Torres
Publisher: name: OSF
Year: 2024
Subjects: cognitive ability
disability research
psychological tests
psychometrics
reliability
response process
validity

description: Standardized cognitive ability tests, such as the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC), are common diagnostic tools used in the process of diagnosing learning and behavior disabilities. Important decisions are made based on the results of tests scores, with little consideration for, for instance, emotional variables that might impact negatively a child´s ability to perform up to his or her potential on standardized tests. In short, standardized tests may be biased in relation to social background and cultural and ethnic diversity, but also personality traits and motivational and emotional factors (personality diversity) and differential skills. In my presentation, I will give a review of empirical research that places attention on two types of bias in intelligence testing with the WISC: bias occurring related to diversity in personality traits and emotional and motivational factors that interact with test characteristics, and bias related to the influence of the assessor. I will then discuss that psychometric procedures seem not to be able to solve this problem. This could be related to the unsolved issue of multidimensionality. Multidimensionality can be approached from the viewpoint of the response process: in a test-taking situation with a standardized test, complex interrelationships take place between the test-taker and the test, and an assessor if present. This complex interaction shapes the response process which results in a performance, i.e., the results of this test. I present the interactionist and process-performance approach as a framework to approach this issue, and propose the “pretest methods,” qualitative methods stemming from the field of survey methodology as a way to approach the problem of multidimensionality stemming from the response process and help improve the development and interpretation of results of standardized tests.
GEOGLAM - Crop Calendar Mapping
Creators: name: Bonte, Kasper
name: Tits, Laurent
name: Gilliams, Sven
name: Ng, Wai-Tim
Publisher: name: GEO Knowledge Hub
Year: 2022

description: Context
GEOGLAM is part of the H2020 E-shape project. The e-shape project is an initiative bringing together European Earth Observation (EO) investment and resources in a culmination of 27 pilot applications under 7 thematic areas to provide services that are co-designed with users and intended to inform decision-makers, citizens, industry and researchers. The project supports a platform agnostic implementation, through the use of openEO, an open application programming interface (API) that connects clients like R, Python and JavaScript to big Earth observation cloud back-ends in a simple and unified way.
Showcase 1, The Food Security & Sustainable Agriculture showcase, is dedicated towards support of the Group on Earth Observations Global Agricultural Monitoring Initiative (GEOGLAM). The aim is to demonstrate how Copernicus data can be used, in combination with other ancillary datasets (in situ data, static maps,…), to provide improved indicators for agricultural monitoring in an operational setting. Through previous discussions with and amongst the end users, the EAV (essential Agricultural Variable) crop calendar was identified as a suitable showcase, given its relevance in many monitoring systems, while it is currently not available at the Sentinel 1&2 resolution and at a larger scale. We will build on existing methodologies that are currently incorporated in different operational services, but with further improvements and adaptations that will be required to tackle issues that arise when monitoring agricultural areas at such a high resolution. On the other hand, because of the high resolution, parcel-level monitoring now becomes feasible in many regions of the world. This parcel-level monitoring has many advantages, which open up opportunities to also improve the definition of crop calendars with EO data.
Partners:
VITO, ALTERRA, IIASA, I-BEC, TAU, DWD
Acknowledgment:
The e-shape project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement 820852
Vocational thresholds: developing expertise without certainty in general practice medicine
Creators: name: Vaughan, Karen
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 111099 Nursing not elsewhere classified

description: Abstract INTRODUCTION This paper argues that particular experiences in the workplace are more important than others and can lead to transformational learning. This may enable practitioners to cross ‘vocational thresholds’ to new ways of being. AIM A notion of ‘vocational thresholds’ is developed, aiming to help build an understanding of the most powerful learning experiences of general practitioners (GPs). Vocational thresholds takes its cue from the idea of ‘threshold concepts’ - concepts that transform perspectives and integrate previously disconnected or hidden knowledge, sometimes in ways that are ‘troublesome’ to previously held beliefs. METHODS The paper is based on a thematic analysis of 57 GPs’ brief written accounts of a particularly powerful learning experience during their development. Accounts were provided in a conference session about an ongoing study of workplace-based structured learning arrangements in the fields of general practice medicine, engineering, and building. FINDINGS Most GPs’ accounts focused on development of dispositional attributes that moved them to a new understanding of themselves in relation to their work and patients. Just under two-thirds picked out informal and formal collegial relationships within purposeful learning arrangements as pivotal. A third picked out direct experiences with patients as shifting their perspective. CONCLUSION The emergent idea of vocational thresholds is offered as a way to frame the most important learning experiences identified by GPs. It supports a focus in early and ongoing development beyond accumulating clinical expertise and skills (knowing and doing), to dispositional capability (being) - vital for practitioners negotiating inherent and daily uncertainty. KEYWORDS General practitioners; Medical education; Vocational education; Identity; Learning experiences; Threshold concepts
Electromechanical TVC using direct engine deflection measurement feedback for reusable stages
Creators: name:  PHILIPPE SAUNOIS
name:   JEAN-CHRISTOPHE VERDIER
name:   NICOLAS LUQUET
name:   ALEXANDRE DELCAUSSE
name:   NICOLAS SALVAT
Publisher: name: Proceedings of the Aerospace Europe Conference - EUCASS - CEAS - 2023
Year: 2023
Subjects: ELECTROMECHANICAL TVC
MULTI-ENGINE BAY
REUSABLE
ENGINE
DEFLECTION MEASUREMENT
FEEDBACK

description: Most commonly, control architecture of electromechanical TVC (Thrust Vector Control) is made of nested loops using actuator stroke, electrical motor rotating speed and phase currents feedbacks, sometimes coupled with additional actuator force feedback to increase damping of selected dynamics whenever needed. With such an architecture, all the sensors are directly put on TVC equipment, which makes it handy to control all along product life cycle. The present paper focuses on the benefits of adding ( or replacing actuator stroke by) a direct engine deflection measurement feedback in the frame of liquid propulsion. Main motivations are on the one hand a potential simplification of the actuator design aiming at reducing its cost and on the other hand static accuracy improvement or simplified achievement which is of particular interest for reusable launchers: first stages indeed request the use of multi engine bay to achieve high range thrust modularity, leading in the end to very compact engines stacking. More direct engine deflection assessment allows a better relative positioning of the engines, enabling to avoid mechanical or thermal interferences between engines especially in case of failure of one engine TVC. From a control standpoint, different architectural options are discussed to handle the fact with such a feedback there is no co-localization of the sensor and the effector which can affect the stability of the TVC control loop. Also the risk of conflict between engine deflection feedback and actuator force feedback is analyzed to be able to reject perturbations of various frequency ranges. Finally a control structure is proposed to handle the different control objectives (stability, set-point tracking and regulation). Going from functional to physical architecture, considerations about sensor technology and where to implement it are then presented, taking into account the engine environment constraints. The preferred solution here is to put one angular sensor per gimbal joint degree of freedom. From those measurements, useful data along actuation lines can be derived based on actuators accommodation (TVC electronics control unit both powering the sensor and implementing its related measurement and treatment chain). Finally, from a programmatic standpoint, in the near future, the first potential application for ArianeGroup might be to equip Prometheus engines with such a feature in the frame of Themis T3 demonstrator, to be able to increase its Integration Readiness Level for next generation of reusable launchers.
Buffering the Effects of Stress: Examining the Role of COVID-Related Stress on Sexual Quality and Potential Mediators and Moderators
Creators: name: Lahoutifard, Pardis
name: Balzarini, Rhonda Nicole
name: Slatcher, Richard B.
name: Rodrigues, David L.
name: Zoppolat, Giulia
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Many couples face external stressors (e.g., COVID-19), which can trigger depressive symptoms and hinder sexual quality. In this study, we aim to examine whether perceiving a partner to be responsive to one’s needs mitigates the negative effects of stress-induced depression, thus finding out if responsive partners may promote sexual quality amidst stress.
The early stages of duplicate gene evolution
Creators: name: Moore, R. C.
name: Purugganan, M. D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: Gene duplications are one of the primary driving forces in the evolution of genomes and genetic systems. Gene duplicates account for 8–20% of the genes in eukaryotic genomes, and the rates of gene duplication are estimated at between 0.2% and 2% per gene per million years. Duplicate genes are believed to be a major mechanism for the establishment of new gene functions and the generation of evolutionary novelty, yet very little is known about the early stages of the evolution of duplicated gene pairs. It is unclear, for example, to what extent selection, rather than neutral genetic drift, drives the fixation and early evolution of duplicate loci. Analysis of recently duplicated genes in the Arabidopsis thaliana genome reveals significantly reduced species-wide levels of nucleotide polymorphisms in the progenitor and/or duplicate gene copies, suggesting that selective sweeps accompany the initial stages of the evolution of these duplicated gene pairs. Our results support recent theoretical work that indicates that fates of duplicate gene pairs may be determined in the initial phases of duplicate gene evolution and that positive selection plays a prominent role in the evolutionary dynamics of the very early histories of duplicate nuclear genes.
Spectroscopic Study on the Beryllium Abundances of Red Giant Stars
Creators: name: Takeda, Yoichi
name: Tajitsu, Akito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An extensive spectroscopic study was carried out for the beryllium abundances of 200 red giants (mostly of late G and early K type), which were determined from the near-UV Be II 3131.066 line based on high-dispersion spectra obtained by Subaru/HDS, with an aim of investigating the nature of surface Be contents in these evolved giants; e.g., dependence upon stellar parameters, degree of peculiarity along with its origin and build-up timing. We found that Be is considerably deficient (to widely different degree from star to star) in the photosphere of these evolved giants by ~1-3 dex (or more) compared to the initial abundance. While the resulting Be abundances (A(Be)) appear to weakly depend upon T_eff, log g, [Fe/H], M, age, and v_sin i, this may be attributed to the metallicity dependence of A(Be) coupled with the mutual correlation between these stellar parameters, since such tendencies almost disappear in the metallicity-scaled Be abundance ([Be/Fe]). By comparing the Be abundances (as well as their correlations with Li and C) to the recent theoretical predictions based on sophisticated stellar evolution calculations, we concluded that such a considerable extent/diversity of Be deficit is difficult to explain only by the standard theory of first dredge-up in the envelope of red giants, and that some extra mixing process (such as rotational or thermohaline mixing) must be responsible, which presumably starts to operate already in the main-sequence phase. This view is supported by the fact that appreciable Be depletion is seen in less evolved intermediate-mass B-A type stars near to the main sequence.
description: 29 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan
The rate of hydrolysis of phosphomonoester dianions and the exceptional catalytic proficiencies of protein and inositol phosphatases
Creators: name: Williams, N. H.
name: Lad, C.
name: Wolfenden, R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: To evaluate the proficiency of phosphatases as catalysts, the rate of the uncatalyzed hydrolysis of simple phosphate monoester dianions was estimated by extrapolating rates measured over a range of high temperatures. The rate of spontaneous hydrolysis of phenyl phosphate dianion indicates that a linear free energy relationship reported earlier is reliable for leaving groups whose conjugate acids have pKa values up to at least 10. Using Teflon reaction vessels, it proved possible to follow the hydrolysis of methyl phosphate and 3-(4-carboxy)-2,2-dimethylpropyl phosphate in strong alkali. Even in 1 M KOH, the reaction was found to be specific acid catalyzed. These results establish an upper limit for dianion reactivity, which had been overestimated earlier as a result of the leaching by alkali of silicic acid from quartz reaction vessels. The present findings indicate that the half-time for attack by water on alkyl phosphate dianions is 1.1 × 1012 years (k = 2 × 10−20 s) at 25°C and that phosphatases involved in cell signaling and regulation produce the largest rate enhancements that have been identified thus far. Protein phosphatase-1 and inositol 1-phosphatase exceed all other known enzymes in their affinities for the altered substrates in the transition state.
The serum response factor coactivator myocardin is required for vascular smooth muscle development
Creators: name: Wang, D.-Z.
name: Richardson, J. A.
name: Li, S.
name: Wang, Z.
name: Olson, E. N.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: Formation of the vascular system requires differentiation and patterning of endothelial and smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Although much attention has focused on development of the vascular endothelial network, the mechanisms that control vascular SMC development are largely unknown. Myocardin is a smooth and cardiac muscle-specific transcriptional coactivator of serum response factor, a ubiquitous transcription factor implicated in smooth muscle gene expression. When expressed ectopically in nonmuscle cells, myocardin can induce smooth muscle differentiation by its association with serum response factor. Here we report that mouse embryos homozygous for a myocardin loss-of-function mutation die by embryonic day 10.5 and show no evidence of vascular SMC differentiation. Myocardin is the only transcription factor known to be necessary and sufficient for vascular SMC differentiation.
Optimizing coil configurations for AC loss reduction in REBCO HTS fast-ramping magnets at cryogenic temperatures
Creators: name: Jiang, Zhenan
name: Song, Honghai
name: Song, Wenjuan
name: Badcock, Rodney
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: No description supplied
Long Time Response of Aging Glassy Polymers
Creators: name: Joshi, Yogesh M
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aging amorphous polymeric materials undergo free volume relaxation, which causes slowing down of the relaxation dynamics as a function of time. The resulting time dependency poses difficulties in predicting their long time physical behavior. In this work, we apply effective time domain approach to the experimental data on aging amorphous polymers and demonstrate that it enables prediction of long time behavior over the extraordinary time scales. We demonstrate that, unlike the conventional methods, the proposed effective time domain approach can account for physical aging that occurs over the duration of the experiments. Furthermore, this procedure successfully describes time temperature superposition and time stress superposition. It can also allow incorporation of varying dependences of relaxation time on aging time as well as complicated but known deformation history in the same experiments. This work strongly suggests that the effective time domain approach can act as an important tool to analyze the long time physical behavior of aging amorphous polymeric materials. Aging amorphous polymeric materials undergo free volume relaxation, which causes slowing down of the relaxation dynamics as a function of time. The resulting time dependency poses difficulties in predicting their long time physical behavior. In this work, we apply effective time domain approach to the experimental data on aging amorphous polymers and demonstrate that it enables prediction of long time behavior over the extraordinary time scales. We demonstrate that, unlike the conventional methods, the proposed effective time domain approach can account for physical aging that occurs over the duration of the experiments. Furthermore, this procedure successfully describes time temperature superposition and time stress superposition.
description: 39 pages, 11 figures
Identifying and validating recurrent structural variants affecting tumor genomes using GROM and VN
Creators: name: Nadeem, Syeda Aiman
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2022

description: Do recurring structural variants in genomes of multiple myeloma patients affect tumorigenesis? We hypothesize that these structural variants play a part in tumorigenesis as they overlap certain genes that have functions related to cancer symptoms.
title: Tangible trauma informed care
Creators: name: Johnson, Dan
Publisher: name: Strathprints - University of Strathclyde
Year: 2017

description: This article focuses on how trauma informed principles can be translated into tangible practice in residential care in the UK. It suggests that the core components of trauma informed care as identified by Hanson and Lang (2016) can be used as a framework to organise practice and ensure services are adhering to trauma informed practice. This includes using guidance from approaches such as the neuro-sequential model of therapeutics (Perry, 2006). The article focuses on how trauma informed principles and components have been turned into tangible practice in residential care services in the USA, Norway and Sweden and suggests practical steps practitioners can take in becoming trauma informed.
Transforming the Composting Industry Towards Industry 4.0 and Physical Internet Capabilities
Creators: name: Cichocki, Max
Publisher: name: Graz University of Technology
Year: 2024

description: The present dissertation contributes to facilitating the transformation of industrial composting plants towards standards of Industry 4.0. Optimization potentials are analyzed, and systematic-methodical approaches to solutions are developed. The focus is on the investigation within a technical-logistic context. Thus, the dissertation addresses two key research objectives: the development of an autonomous, intelligent compost turner, and a comprehensive hyperconnected platform for heavy-duty machinery sharing.
Using protein design for homology detection and active site searches
Creators: name: Grishin, N. V.
name: Dokholyan, N. V.
name: Pei, J.
name: Shakhnovich, E. I.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: We describe a method of designing artificial sequences that resemble naturally occurring sequences in terms of their compatibility with a template structure and its functional constraints. The design procedure is a Monte Carlo simulation of amino acid substitution process. The selective fixation of substitutions is dictated by a simple scoring function derived from the template structure and a multiple alignment of its homologs. Designed sequences represent an enlargement of sequence space around native sequences. We show that the use of designed sequences improves the performance of profile-based homology detection. The difference in position-specific conservation between designed sequences and native sequences is helpful for prediction of functionally important residues. Our sequence selection criteria in evolutionary simulations introduce amino acid substitution rate variation among sites in a natural way, providing a better model to test phylogenetic methods.
Task Team SST Climatology and L4 Intercomparison Report 2023 (GHRSST24)
Creators: name: Yang, Chunxue
name: Vazquez, Jorge
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Task team report to the GHRSST Science Team. This presentation was delivered at the GHRSST24 meeting, 16-20 October 2023.
Accurate and efficient waveforms for compact binaries on eccentric orbits
Creators: name: Huerta, E. A.
name: Kumar, Prayush
name: McWilliams, Sean T.
name: O'Shaughnessy, Richard
name: Yunes, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: J.2

description: Compact binaries that emit gravitational waves in the sensitivity band of ground-based detectors can have non-negligible eccentricities just prior to merger, depending on the formation scenario. We develop a purely analytic, frequency-domain model for gravitational waves emitted by compact binaries on orbits with small eccentricity, which reduces to the quasi-circular post-Newtonian approximant TaylorF2 at zero eccentricity and to the post-circular approximation of Yunes et al. (2009) at small eccentricity. Our model uses a spectral approximation to the (post-Newtonian) Kepler problem to model the orbital phase as a function of frequency, accounting for eccentricity effects up to ${\cal{O}}(e^8)$ at each post-Newtonian order. Our approach accurately reproduces an alternative time-domain eccentric waveform model for eccentricities $e\in [0, 0.4]$ and binaries with total mass less than 12 solar masses. As an application, we evaluate the signal amplitude that eccentric binaries produce in different networks of existing and forthcoming gravitational waves detectors. Assuming a population of eccentric systems containing black holes and neutron stars that is uniformly distributed in co-moving volume, we estimate that second generation detectors like Advanced LIGO could detect approximately 0.1-10 events per year out to redshift $z\sim 0.2$, while an array of Einstein Telescope detectors could detect hundreds of events per year to redshift $z \sim 2.3$.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, 1 appendix. Submitted to Phys. Rev. D. v2: affiliations updated, one reference corrected. Accepted to Phys. Rev. D
Why the kidney glomerulus does not clog: A gel permeation/diffusion hypothesis of renal function
Creators: name: Smithies, O.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: Current interpretations of kidney function in terms of a coarse filter followed by a fine filter have difficulty explaining why the glomerulus does not clog. I propose, as an alternative, a semiquantitative hypothesis that assumes that the size-selective property of the glomerulus is a consequence of the limited fraction of space in the glomerular basement membrane (a concentrated gel) into which macromolecules can permeate. The glomerular epithelial cell slits and slit diaphragms are assumed to impose substantial resistance to liquid flow across the glomerulus without acting as a molecular sieve. Calculations based on gel behavior show that proteins cross the glomerular basement membrane mainly by diffusion rather than by liquid flow, whereas water crosses entirely by flow. Thus, diffusion provides most of the protein, whereas flow provides the diluent. As a result, the single-nephron glomerular filtration rate (GFR) becomes a prime factor in (inversely) determining the concentration of proteins in early proximal tubular fluid. Because the reabsorption of proteins from the tubules is a saturable process, the gel permeation/diffusion hypothesis readily accounts for the albuminuria observed when single-nephron GFR is substantially reduced by severe pathological decreases in slit diaphragm length, such as occur in minimal-change nephrotic syndrome in humans, in animals treated with puromycin aminonucleoside, or in humans or animals with mutations in the gene coding for nephrin. My hypothesis predicts that albuminuria will ensue, even with a normal kidney, if the single-nephron GFR falls below ≈50% of normal.
A functional cellulose synthase from ascidian epidermis
Creators: name: Smith, W. C.
name: Marry, M.
name: Williams, M.
name: White, A. R.
name: Deschet, K.
name: Matthysse, A. G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: Among animals, urochordates (e.g., ascidians) are unique in their ability to biosynthesize cellulose. In ascidians cellulose is synthesized in the epidermis and incorporated into a protective coat know as the tunic. A putative cellulose synthase-like gene was first identified in the genome sequences of the ascidian Ciona intestinalis. We describe here a cellulose synthase gene from the ascidian Ciona savignyi that is expressed in the epidermis. The predicted C. savignyi cellulose synthase amino acid sequence showed conserved features found in all cellulose synthases, including plants, but was most similar to cellulose synthases from bacteria, fungi, and Dictyostelium discoidium. However, unlike other known cellulose synthases, the predicted C. savignyi polypeptide has a degenerate cellulase-like region near the carboxyl-terminal end. An expression construct carrying the C. savignyi cDNA was found to restore cellulose biosynthesis to a cellulose synthase (CelA) minus mutant of Agrobacterium tumefaciens, showing that the predicted protein has cellulose synthase activity. The lack of cellulose biosynthesis in all other groups of metazoans and the similarity of the C. savignyi cellulose synthase to enzymes from cellulose-producing organisms support the hypothesis that the urochordates acquired the cellulose biosynthetic pathway by horizontal transfer.
The Data Miners and ADMI Reimagined
Creators: name: Williams, Lenasha
name: Higgins, Kolin
name: Lewis, De'Von
name: Zeynalli, Shovkat
name: Ibrahimov, Javid
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Computer science education
Minority Students
Institutions
Impact
Challenges
strategies
resources
Supportive environment
Inclusive curriculum
Mentorship programs
Diersity and Inclusion
Success factors
Equal opportunities

description: This research focuses on investigating the impact of computer science education and resources on minority students and institutions. Through an in-depth analysis of existing literature, surveys, and case studies, the study aims to explore the challenges faced by minority students in pursuing computer science education and identify effective strategies and resources to address these challenges. The research also examines the role of supportive environments, mentorship programs, and inclusive curriculum in promoting diversity and inclusion in computer science. The findings of this research will contribute to a better understanding of the factors that influence minority students' success in computer science education and provide valuable insights for educators, institutions, and organizations working towards creating more inclusive and equitable opportunities in the field.
CeCu_2Ge_2: Challenging our Understanding of Quantum Criticality
Creators: name: Zeng, B.
name: Zhang, Q. R.
name: Rhodes, D.
name: Shimura, Y.
name: Watanabe, D.
name: Baumbach, R. E.
name: Schlottmann, P.
name: Ebihara, T.
name: Balicas, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here, we unveil evidence for a quantum phase-transition in CeCu_2Ge_2 which displays both an incommensurate spin-density wave (SDW) ground-state, and a strong renormalization of the quasiparticle effective masses (mu) due to the Kondo-effect. For all angles theta between an external magnetic field (H) and the crystallographic c-axis, the application of H leads to the suppression of the SDW-state through a 2^nd-order phase-transition at a theta-dependent critical-field H_p(theta) leading to the observation of small Fermi surfaces (FSs) in the paramagnetic (PM) state. For H || c-axis, these FSs are characterized by light mu's pointing also to the suppression of the Kondo-effect at H_p with surprisingly, no experimental evidence for quantum-criticality (QC). But as $H$ is rotated towards the a-axis, these mu's increase considerably becoming undetectable for θ> 56^0 between H and the c-axis. Around H_p^a~ 30 T the resistivity becomes proportional T which, coupled to the divergence of mu, indicates the existence of a field-induced QC-point at H_p^a(T=0 K). This observation, suggesting FS hot-spots associated with the SDW nesting-vector, is at odds with current QC scenarios for which the continuous suppression of all relevant energy scales at H_p(theta,T) should lead to a line of quantum-critical points in the H-theta plane. Finally, we show that the complexity of its magnetic phase-diagram(s) makes CeCu_2Ge_2 an ideal system to explore field-induced quantum tricritical and QC end-points.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, Phys. Rev. B (in press)
Air levels of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons after the World Trade Center disaster
Creators: name: Vette, A. F.
name: Pleil, J. D.
name: Johnson, B. A.
name: Rappaport, S. M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: The catastrophic collapse of the World Trade Center (WTC) on September 11, 2001, created an immense dust cloud followed by fires that emitted soot into the air of New York City (NYC) well into December. The subsequent cleanup used diesel equipment that further polluted the air until the following June. The particulate air pollutants contained mutagenic and carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). By using an assay developed for archived samples of fine particles, we measured nine PAHs in 243 samples collected at or near Ground Zero from September 23, 2001, to March 27, 2002. Based on temporal trends of individual PAH levels, we differentiated between fire and diesel sources and predicted PAH levels between 3 and 200 d after the disaster. Predicted PAH air concentrations on September 14, 2001, ranged from 1.3 to 15 ng/m3; these values are among the highest reported from outdoor sources. We infer that these high initial air concentrations resulted from fires that rapidly diminished over 100 d. Diesel sources predominated for the next 100 d, during which time PAH levels declined slowly to background values. Because elevated PAH levels were transient, any elevation in cancer risk from PAH exposure should be very small among nonoccupationally exposed residents of NYC. However, the high initial levels of PAHs may be associated with reproductive effects observed in the offspring of women who were (or became) pregnant shortly after September 11, 2001. Because no PAH-specific air sampling was conducted, this work provides the only systematic measurements, to our knowledge, of ambient PAHs after the WTC disaster.
A researcher's perspective on the pros and cons of sharing sensitive qualitative data
Creators: name: Troost, Dominique
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Slides of the presentation given at the event "I want to be FAIR - How to deal with my qualitative data?" What if you want to make your qualitative data FAIR and/or open, but your data is extremely sensitive? In this talk, I will discuss my experiences with collecting such sensitive data among families living in a context of poverty, and share my thoughts and suggestions on dealing with the delicate balance between wanting to be as open as possible and maintaining participant anonymity.
Nonlinear Quantum Optical Springs and Their Nonclassical Properties
Creators: name: Faghihi, M. J.
name: Tavassoly, M. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The original idea of quantum optical spring arises from the requirement of quantization of the frequency of oscillations in the Hamiltonian of harmonic oscillator. This purpose is achieved by considering a spring whose constant (and so its frequency) depends on the quantum states of another system. Recently, it is realized that by the assumption of frequency modulation of $ω$ to $ω\sqrt{1+μa^\dagger a}$ the mentioned idea can be established. In the present paper, we generalize the approach of quantum optical spring with particular attention to the {\it dependence of frequency to the intensity of radiation field} that {\it naturally} observes in the {\it nonlinear coherent states}, from which we arrive at a physical system has been called by us as {\it nonlinear quantum optical spring}. Then, after the introduction of the generalized Hamiltonian of nonlinear quantum optical spring and it's solution, we will investigate the nonclassical properties of the obtained states. Specially, typical collapse and revival in the distribution functions and squeezing parameters, as particular quantum features, will be revealed.
description: 10 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1004.2199